Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital signal processing assessment for optical coherent receiver using dual-polarization Quadrature phase shift keying modulation

In this work, we evaluate different approaches of digital signal processing applied after a coherent receiver in order to recover the binary information of an optical signal modulated in Dual-Polarization Quadrature Phase Shift Keying. We explain in details the functioning of a coherent receiver as well as the optical and electrical signals travelling inside. We present the criteria of the two lasers employed for modulation and demodulation, i.e., the signal and local oscillator lasers, as a function of the modulation format and the binary rate. We expose all the required signal processing for information recovery out of a coherent receiver and mention those who will be assessed in this work, along with the reason of their selection. Subsequently, the metric to assess the different methods is introduced. The latter is twofold and consists of the computational complexity and the final bit error rate that each approach yields. The schematics of the test bed follows in parallel with the parameter space of our setup. The computational complexity and the bit error rate of ten different approaches are presented, and an optimal configuration of methods and parameters to use for such modulation and receiver is deduced. %%%%Dans ce travail, nous evaluons differentes approches de traitement de signaux numeriques pour un recepteur coherent optique dans le but de recouvrir l'information binaire d'un signal module sur double polarization et quatre niveaux de phase, ou « Dual-Polarization QPSK ». Nous expliquons en detail le fonctionnement d'un recepteur coherent ainsi que les signaux optiques et electriques qui s'y propagent. Nous presentons les criteres des deux lasers utilises pour la modulation et la demodulation coherente, i.e., les lasers signal et oscillateur local, en fonction du format de modulation utilise et du taux binaire. Nous exposons tous les traitements de signaux numeriques requis pour recouvrir l'information sortant d'un recepteur coherent et mentionnons ceux qui seront evalues dans ce travail ainsi que les raisons de leur selection. Par la suite, nous introduisons la metrique d'evaluation des differentes approches. Cette derniere comporte deux facettes, soit la complexite de calcul des differents algorithmes et parametres utilises ainsi que le taux d'erreur binaire final que l'ensemble des processus produisent lorsqu'une certaine approche est employee. La presentation schematique du banc de test suit de concert avec l'espace des parametres du montage. La complexite de calcul et le taux d'erreur binaire de dix differentes approches sont presentes et une configuration optimale des parametres et methodes pour un tel format de modulation et receveur est deduite.
Duality in Deep Reinforcement Learning--Theory

More and deeper reinforcement learning algorithms have been proposed and demonstrated on a series of decision-making domains. However, little research has been hammered at algorithm extraction. With duality in deep reinforcement learning substantially summarized, we propose a conceptually simple framework for deep reinforcement learning based on duality. Then, we propose the dual method of prioritized sampling: prioritized learning. Finally, we give the formula and analysis for the duality with priority. The algorithm implementation and experiment will be put on Part II-Implementation.
Inference properties of QIC in the selection of covariates for generalized estimating equations

The Quasi-likelihood information criterion (QIC)which results from utilizing Kullbacks I-divergence as the targeted discrepancy is widely used in the GEE framework to select the best correlation structure and the best subset of predictors. We investigated the inference properties of QIC in variable selection with focus on its consistency, sensitivity and sparsity. We established through numerical simulations that QIC had high sensitivity but low sparsity. Its type I error rate was approximately 30% which implied fairly high chances of selecting over-fit models. On the other side,it had low under-fitting probabilities. The statistical power of QIC was established to be high hence rejecting any given false null hypothesis is essentially guaranteed for sufficiently large N even if the effect size is small. Mathematics Subject Classification: 62J12, 62F07, 62F15
Analysis and Detection of Path Nearby Clusters in Spatial Networks

We present and investigate a novel query known as the path neighborhood cluster (PNC) question that finds areas of capabilities interest (e.g., sightseeing locations and industrial districts) with recognize to a user-particular journey route. Given a collection of spatial objects O (e.G., POIs, geo-tagged images, or geotagged tweets) and a query route q, if a cluster c has excessive spatial-object density and is spatially virtually q, it is back via the query (a cluster is a circular vicinity defined via a core and a radius). This question ambitions to carry primary advantages to customers in trendy purposes just like journey planning and subject suggestion. Efficient computation of the p.C. Query sides two challenges: learn tips on how to prune the search area at some stage in question processing, and hints on how to set up clusters with excessive density and not using a hindrance. To maintain these challenges, a novel collective search algorithm is developed. Conceptually, the hunt technique is applied within the spatial and density domains concurrently. In the spatial area, network development is adopted, and a collection of vertices are chosen from the question route as growth facilities. Inside the density area, clusters are sorted consistent with their density distributions and they are scanned from the highest to the minimal. A pair of upper and lower bounds are outlined to prune the hunt room within the two domains globally.
Deep Learning for Large-Scale Sentiment Analysis Using Distributed Representations

This paper presents the performance evaluations of deep learning classifiers for large-scale sentiment analysis using Rakuten Data. Many NLP theories and applications use 1-ofK representations for representing a word, but 1-ofK representations are difficult to use with many deep learners because they are vectors consisting of millions of dimensions. To reduce the number of dimensions of 1-ofK representations, we used distributed representations for words by using word2vec. Two experiments were conducted: (1) sentiment analysis using a small data set, the IMDB dataset, and (2) sentiment analysis using a large-scale data set, Rakuten Data. In the experiments, we observed that multi-layer neural networks did not work well for the small data set (i.e., neural networks without hidden layers achieved the best result), but multi-layer neural networks worked well for the large-scale data set. In the experiments using Rakuten Data, we tested the neural networks with 0−6 hidden layers, and neural networks with three hidden layers achieved the best result. Keywords–sentiment analysis; deep learning; distributed representations.
LONG TIME ASYMPTOTICS OF SOME WEAKLY INTERACTING PARTICLE SYSTEMS AND HIGHER ORDER ASYMPTOTICS OF GENERALIZED FIDUCIAL DISTRIBUTION

ABHISHEK PAL MAJUMDER: LONG TIME ASYMPTOTICS OF SOME WEAKLY INTERACTING PARTICLE SYSTEMS AND HIGHER ORDER ASYMPTOTICS OF GENERALIZED FIDUCIAL DISTRIBUTION (Under the direction of Amarjit S. Budhiraja and Jan H. Hannig) In probability and statistics limit theorems are some of the fundamental tools that rigorously justify a proposed approximation procedure. However, typically such results fail to explain how good is the approximation. In order to answer such a question in a precise quantitative way one needs to develop the notion of convergence rates in terms of either higher order asymptotics or non-asymptotic bounds. In this dissertation, two different problems are studied with a focus on quantitative convergence rates. In first part, we consider a weakly interacting particle system in discrete time, approximating a nonlinear dynamical system. We deduce a uniform in time concentration bound for the Wasserstein-1 distance of the empirical measure of the particles and the law of the corresponding deterministic nonlinear Markov process that is obtained through taking the particle limit. Many authors have looked at similar formulations but under a restrictive compactness assumption on the particle domain. Here we work in a setting where particles take values in a non-compact domain and study several time asymptotics and large particle limit properties of the system. We establish uniform in time propagation of chaos along with a rate of convergence and also uniform in time concentration estimates. We also study another discrete time system that models active chemotaxis of particles which move preferentially
Plasmon-induced transparency effect for ultracompact on-chip devices

Abstract On-chip plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) possessing the unique properties of controlling light propagation states is a promising way to on-chip ultrafast optical connection networks as well as integrated optical processing chips. On-chip PIT has attracted enormous research interests, the latest developments of which have also yield progress in nanophotonics, material science, nonlinear optics, and so on. This review summarizes the realization methods, novel configurations, diversiform materials, and the improved performance indexes. Finally, a brief outlook on the remaining challenges and possible development direction in the pursuit of the application of a practical on-chip photonic processor based on PIT is also afforded.
Practical Implementation of Wideband and Wide-Scanning Cylindrically Conformal Phased Array

A practical implementation of wideband and wide-scanning cylindrically conformal phased array is presented in this communication. First, the design of a dual-polarized planar array is introduced in advance. Then, as a preliminary performance investigation of a conformal phased array, a single-polarized array element counterpart is developed from the dual-polarized planar array with simple modifications. Finally, a conformal array is implemented using the $8 \times 8$ single-polarized radiating elements that are axially mounted onto a cylindrical surface with a radius of 150 mm. A conformal array prototype is fabricated and measured. The experimental results demonstrate that the array achieves active VSWR less than 3.0 over a bandwidth of 6–18 GHz (3:1), within a wide-scanning range of ±60° in two principal planes. The measured results are in good accordance with the simulations, thus validating the performances of the proposed wideband and wide-scanning cylindrically conformal phased array.
Single-photon detectors combining near unity efficiency, ultra-high detection-rates, and ultra-high time resolution

Single-photon detection with high efficiency, high time resolution, low dark counts and high photon detection-rates is required for a wide range of optical measurements. Although efficient detectors have been reported, combining all performances in a single device remains a challenge. Here, we show a broadband NbTiN superconducting nanowire detector with an efficiency over 92%, over 150MHz photon detection-rate and dark counts below 130Hz operated in a conventional Gifford-McMahon cryostat. Furthermore, with an optimized detector and readout electronics, we reach a record low jitter of 14.80ps while maintaining high efficiency.
Pneumatic press equipped with the Vortex system for white grapes processing: First results

The interaction between mechanical, computer and electronic technologies offers nowadays highly innovative solutions to be applied to the oenological machinery industry. Grapes pressing for the extraction of must from the grapes has a fundamental role for obtaining wines with high quality. The pneumatic presses commonly used work with a discontinuous cycle, taking on average about 3 hours for the extraction of the juice from the grapes. During this period, the presence of oxygen in contact with grapes can modify the qualitative characteristics of the future wine. The aim of the research was to study the “Vortex System” applied to a pneumatic press and to evaluate the quality of wines obtained in reduction. The study was carried out in a modern winery in the province of Palermo (Italy) using cv. Catarratto lucido grapes. The machine used in the tests was a pneumatic press with a capacity of 1,900 / 2,500 kg by Puleo Srl company (Italy), equipped with the patent "Vortex System". It consists in the recovery of the inert gas by means of a passage and recirculation apparatus during grapes pressing allowing the must extraction in inert and controlled atmosphere, the non-oxidation of the product and a re-use of the gaseous component. Two operating modes were applied: AP (Air Pressing) mode, the traditional pressing mode in presence of oxygen, and NP (Nitrogen Pressing) mode with the Vortex System, performed under inert gas with nitrogen recovery. The following analytical determinations were performed on wines in triplicates: alcohol [%/vol], density [g/l], sugar [g/l], pH, total acidity [g/l], volatile acidity [g/l], malic acid [g/l], citric acid [g/l], tartaric acid [g/l], potassium [g/l], glycerin [g/l], ashes [g/l], absorbance at 420, 520 and 620 nm, polyphenols [mg/l], catechins [mg/l], free sulfur dioxide [mg/l], total sulfur dioxide [mg/l]. The use of the pneumatic press equipped with the Vortex System allowed to obtain excellent values of volatile acidity, absorbance at 420 nm, catechins in white wines and a rich aromatic component both in primary and secondary aromas.
A locking-free face-centred finite volume (FCFV) method for linear elasticity

A face-centred finite volume (FCFV) method is proposed for the linear elasticity equation. The FCFV is a mixed hybrid formulation, featuring a system of first-order equations, that defines the unknowns on the faces (edges in two dimensions) of the mesh elements. The symmetry of the stress tensor is strongly enforced using the well-known Voigt notation and the displacement and stress fields inside each cell are obtained element-wise by means of explicit formulas. The resulting FCFV method is robust and locking-free in the nearly incompressible limit. Numerical experiments in two and three dimensions show optimal convergence of the displacement and the stress fields without any reconstruction. Moreover, the accuracy of the FCFV method is not sensitive to mesh distortion and stretching. Classical benchmark tests including Kirch's plate and Cook's membrane problems in two dimensions as well as three dimensional problems involving shear phenomenons, pressurised thin shells and complex geometries are presented to show the capability and potential of the proposed methodology.
The Great Storm of May 1921: An Exemplar of a Dangerous Space Weather Event

We reconstruct the timeline of the extreme space weather event of May 1921, reviewing a wealth of reports from scientific literature, databases, newspaper reports, and reports by historians and astronomers. A series of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) bombarded Earth between 13 and 16 May, as shown by a series of sudden commencements observed across the global network of magnetometers. These CMEs produced three major periods of geomagnetic activity. The first period followed the arrival of two CMEs on 13 May. These may have cleared much density from the inner heliosphere, enabling a subsequent CME to travel quickly to Earth and cause intense activity. Continuing moderate magnetic activity following the first period may also have preconditioned the magnetosphere so it responded strongly to that later CME. This arrived late on 14 May, driving a short period of very intense activity early on 15 May, including technological impacts indicative of strong geoelectric fields. Another CME arrived early on 16 May, driving intense activity similar to that on 13 May. We show how these impacts fit with scientific observations to give a timeline that can be used in worst‐case studies/benchmarks. We also show that some impacts were probably coincidental with the storm, but due to more prosaic faults. This sequence of preconditioning, intense geoelectric fields, and their impacts, plus coincidental faults, makes the 1921 event an excellent basis for building space weather scenarios. Such scenarios are vital scientific input to the development and implementation of policies for mitigation of severe space weather.
A Heuristic Evaluation of the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) Authoring Tools

Abstract : The purpose of this report is to present the findings of a usability evaluation of the course authoring tools found within the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT, version 20143). Specifically, a heuristic evaluation was conducted on the GIFT authoring tool interfaces, as well as the process by which the software is acquired and installed. This report describes the specific findings of the evaluation, along with recommendations for interface improvements. Finally, the findings are discussed as recommendations that can be applied throughout the GIFT authoring tools. Those recommendations for future consideration and improvement include matching the design of the system and interface language to users mental models, assuring internal consistency of user interfaces and object labels, assisting users with content organization and error prevention, and providing a current and consistent help and documentation experience throughout the authoring tools.
Suppression of nonlinear optical frequency sweeping in frequency-scanning interferometry for absolute distance measurement

The precision of Frequency-scanning interferometer(FSI) for absolute distance measurement depends much on the tunability of its laser source. However, an external cavity laser diode (ECLD) exhibits nonlinearity during optical frequency sweep due to hysteresis inherent to the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) actuator in the ECDL. As a result, the interference signal become nonstationary, and then extracting the phase of the nonstationary interference signal may cause errors. To address this problem, we propose a new method based on the Prandtl–Ishlinskii (PI) model for suppressing nonlinearity of optical frequency sweeping. For the proposed FSI, the output transmission signal of a Fabry–Perot (F-P) cavity is used to obtain the optical frequency curve of the ECLD. By using the input voltage of the linear driving signal and the optical frequency of the ECLD as input and output of the model respectively, the hysteresis model can be built based on PI modelling method. Hence, the inverse of the rate-independent PI model is employed as a feedforward controller to compensate the nonlinearity of the optical frequency sweeping. In our case, instead of driving the ECLD with a linear signal, we implement a corrected nonlinear driving signal of the PZT to suppress the nonlinearity of the sweeping frequency. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Compared with an external witness He–Ne incremental interferometer, the proposed method greatly improves the performance of the FSI for absolute distance measurement.
Implementation of a Denoising Algorithm Based on High-Order Singular Value Decomposition of Tensors

This article presents an implementation of a denoising algorithm based on High-Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD) of tensors. It belongs to the class of patch-based methods such as BM3D and NL-Bayes. It exploits the grouping of similar patches in a local neighborhood into a 3D matrix also called a third order tensor. Instead of performing a diﬀerent processing in each dimension, as in BM3D for instance, it is based on the decomposition of a tensor simultaneously in all dimensions reducing it to a core tensor in a similar way as SVD does for matrices in computing the diagonal matrix of singular values. The core tensor is ﬁltered and a tensor is reconstructed by inverting the HOSVD. As it is common in patch-based algorithms, all tensors containing a pixel are then merged to produce an output image.
On the Essence of Electric Charge

The Standard Model of elementary particles, despite its successes, fails to derive and calculate the radii and masses of the elementary particles, and fails to explain what charge is. In this paper we present a new understanding of the essence of electric charge. We show that charge is not alien to space but simply a drastically curved zone of it. Based on this understanding, we construct a model, which enables us to derive and calculate the electron/positron, muon/anti-muon and the quarks/antiquarks radii and masses. The equations for these radii and masses are simple and contain only the constants G, c, ℏ and α (the fine structure constant). We obtain results that comply well with experimental data of CODATA 2014.
Jump Activity Analysis for Affine Jump-Diffusion Models: Evidences from the Commodity Market

The objective of this paper is to perform a joint analysis of jump activity for commodities and their respective volatility indices. Exploiting the property that for affine jump-diffusion models a volatility index, which is quoted on the market, is an affine function of the instantaneous volatility state variable (thus turning this quantity observable), we perform a test of common jumps for multidimensional processes to assess whether an asset and its volatility jump together. Applying this test to the crude oil pair USO/OVX and the gold pair GLD/GVZ we find strong evidence that for these two markets the asset and its volatility have disjoint jumps. This result contrasts with existing results for the equity market and underpins a very specific nature of the commodity market. The results are further confirmed by analysing jump size distributions using a copula methodology.
Self-formed straight rivers with equilibrium banks and mobile bed. Part 1. The sand-silt river

Rivers and canals with perimeters composed of non-cohesive sand and silt have self-formed active beds and banks. They thus provide a most interesting fluid flow problem, for which one must determine the container as well as the flow. If bed load alone occurs across the perimeter of a wide channel, gravity will pull particles down the lateral slope of the banks; bank erosion is accomplished and the channel widens. In order to maintain equilibrium, this export of material from the banks must be countered by an import of sediment from the channel centre. The mechanism postulated for this import is lateral diffusion of suspended sediment, which overloads the flow near the banks and causes deposition. The model is formulated analytically with the aid of a series of approximate but reasonable assumptions. Singular perturbation techniques are used to define the channel geometry and obtain rational regime relations for straight channels. A comparison with data lends credence to the model. It is hoped that a first step has been made towards a more general treatment, which would include various complicating factors that are important features of natural rivers but are not essential to the maintenance of channel width. Among these factors are meandering, sediment sorting and seepage.