Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does ruxolitinib really prolong survival in individuals with myelofibrosis? The never-ending story

We read with interest the recent article by Guglielmelli et al 1 in which they report new evidence showing ruxolitinib prolongs survival in individuals with myelo ﬁ brosis. The authors analyzed data from a registry of so-called real-world data from European centers. From 2013 to 2014, 1292 individuals with myelo ﬁ brosis were registered, 1010 (78%) of whom were analyzed; 645 (50%) were alive at the study start and were followed for 4 years, including 487 receiving hydroxyurea and 108 receiving ruxolitinib. The authors selected 100 participants (8%) from this cohort for propensity score matching, 50 from each therapy group. They report that those receiving ruxolitinib lived a median of 3 years longer than those receiving hydroxyurea. The never-ending saga of trying to decipher whether ruxolitinib increases survival began in 2012, when the 2 COMFORT randomized controlled trials were published. 2,3 One-year follow-up data from the COMFORT-I study suggested better survival in participants at intermediate-2 risk or greater compared with controls, a ﬁ nding con ﬁ rmed in long-term follow-up. 3 No survival bene ﬁ t was reported in the initial report of the COMFORT-II study, where participants were assigned to receive ruxolitinib versus best available therapy. 4 In contrast, follow-up at 3 years indicated improved survival with ruxolitinib. 5 Results of these trials were greeted enthusiastically by the scienti ﬁ c community. The claim that ruxolitinib prolongs survival appeared in many commentaries and reviews, despite 3 subsequent publications ques-tioning the validity of this conclusion. 6-8 Using the Grading of
A mutant allele of glycoprotein M6‐B (Gpm6b) facilitates behavioral flexibility but increases delay discounting

The neuronal membrane glycoprotein M6B (Gpm6b) gene encodes a membrane glycoprotein that belongs to the proteolipid protein family, and is enriched in neurons, oligodendrocytes, and subset of astrocytes in the central nervous system. GPM6B is thought to play a role in neuronal differentiation, myelination, and inactivation of the serotonin transporter via internalization. Recent human genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have implicated membrane glycoproteins (both GPM6B and GPM6A) in the regulation of traits relevant to psychiatric disorders, including neuroticism, depressed affect, and delay discounting. Mouse studies have implicated Gpm6b in sensorimotor gating and regulation of serotonergic signaling. We used CRISPR to create a mutant Glycoprotein M6B (Gpm6b) allele on a C57BL/6J mouse background. Because Gpm6b is located on the X chromosome, we focused on male Gpm6b mutant mice and their wild‐type littermates (WT) in two behavioral tests that measured aspects of impulsive or flexible decision‐making. We found that Gpm6b deletion caused deficits in a delay discounting task. In contrast, reward sensitivity was enhanced thereby facilitating behavioral flexibility and improving performance in the probabilistic reversal learning task. Taken together these data further delineate the role of Gpm6b in decision making behaviors that are relevant to multiple psychiatric disorders.
Simvastatin is associated with superior lipid and glycaemic control to atorvastatin and reduced levels of incident Type 2 diabetes, in men and women, in the UK Biobank

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Statins reduce low‐density lipoproteins and positively affect CVD outcomes. Statin type and dose have differential effects on glycaemia and risk of incident T2DM; however, the impact of gender, and of individual drugs within the statin class, remains unclear.
Effects of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy on postpartum depression

Abstract Background: Postpartum depression is one of the most common complications during the postpartum period. In recent years, internet-based psychological interventions have made significant progress and provided a new psychotherapy model. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for postpartum depression has achieved good results. However, the effectiveness of ICBT for postpartum depression reported by different studies still remains inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was used to further evaluate the efficacy of ICBT for postpartum depression, aiming to provide evidence to support nonpharmacological intervention strategies in the clinic. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Scientific Journal Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Wanfang Data will be searched. The randomized controlled trials of ICBT will be included for postpartum depression published before February 2022. Two independent researchers will independently complete literature selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction. The disagreements will be discussed with a third party for the final decision. Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool will be used for literature quality assessment. Data processing will be conducted by RevMan 5.4 software. Results: The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. Conclusions: For the question whether ICBT for postpartum depression is efficacy, this study can provide more comprehensive and strong evidence. Ethics and dissemination: The ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and shared on social media platforms. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/EQJDH.
Diagnostic Utility of Hippocampal Volumetric Data in a Memory Disorder Clinic Setting

Background: Hippocampal volumetric data are widely used in research but are rarely examined in clinical populations in regard to aiding diagnosis or correlating with objective memory test scores. Objective: To replicate and expand on the few prior clinical examinations of the utility of hippocampal volumetric data. We evaluated MRI volumetric data to determine (a) the degree of hippocampal loss across diagnostic groups compared with a cognitively intact group, (b) if total or lateralized hippocampal volumes predict diagnostic group membership, and (c) how total and lateralized volumes correlate with memory tests. Method: We retrospectively examined hippocampal volumetric data and memory test scores for 294 individuals referred to a memory clinic. Results: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer disease had smaller hippocampal volumes compared with cognitively intact individuals. The raw and normalized total and lateralized hippocampal volumes were essentially equal for predicting diagnostic group membership, and notably low hippocampal volumes evidenced greater specificity than sensitivity. All of the volumetric data correlated with the memory test scores, with the total and left hippocampal volumes accounting for the slightly more variance in the diagnostic groups. Conclusion: The diagnostic groups exhibited hippocampal volume loss, which can be a potential biomarker for neurodegenerative disease in clinical practice. However, solely using hippocampal volumetric data to predict diagnostic group membership or memory test failure was not supported. While extreme hippocampal volume loss was rare in the cognitively intact group, the sensitivity of these volumetric data suggests a need for supplementation by other tools when making a diagnosis.
Gray matter volume reduction in the emotional brain networks in adults with anosmia

Loss of olfaction, or anosmia, frequently accompanies emotional dysfunctions, partly due to the overlapping brain regions between the olfactory and emotional processing centers. Here, we investigated whether anosmia was associated with gray matter volume alterations at a network level, and whether these alterations were related to the olfactory‐specific quality of life (QOL) and depressive symptoms. Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging was acquired in 22 individuals with postinfectious or idiopathic anosmia (the anosmia group) and 30 age‐ and sex‐matched controls (the control group). Using independent component analysis on the gray matter volumes, we identified 10 morphometric networks. The gray matter volumes of these networks were compared between the two groups. Olfactory‐specific QOL and depressive symptoms were assessed by self‐report questionnaires and clinician‐administered interviews, respectively. The anosmia group showed lower gray matter volumes in the hippocampus–amygdala and the precuneus networks, relative to the control group. Lower gray matter volumes in the hippocampus–amygdala network were also linearly associated with lower olfactory‐specific QOL and higher depressive symptom scores. These findings suggest a close relationship between anosmia and gray matter volume alterations in the emotional brain networks, albeit without determined causal relations.
超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱联用结合整合过滤策略全面分析茶树花中化学成分

茶树花与茶鲜叶同为茶树的生物产出,但茶树花往往被视为茶叶生产过程中的废物被舍弃,造成了茶树花资源的极大浪费。 目前对于茶树花中化学成分的分析主要集中在氨基酸、茶多酚等单一类型化学成分上,对于茶树花中多类化学成分的同时分析仍鲜见报道。 研究者对于茶树花中所含化学成分的种类和含量不完全清楚,成为制约茶树花深度开发与利用的重要原因。 该研究采用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱联用技术(UPLC-HRMS)对茶树花中的化学成分进行检测,结合氮规则过滤(NRF)、质量亏损过滤(MDF)和诊断碎片离子过滤(DFIF)的整合过滤策略(IFS)筛选目标化学成分的特征质谱,并利用化学成分的色谱保留时间、一级质谱、二级质谱等信息对化学成分进行定性分析。 共定性出茶树花中6大类共137种化学成分,包括3种生物碱、38种黄酮、31种酚酸及其衍生物、37种儿茶素及其衍生物、18种氨基酸以及10种其他类成分。 采用内标法对所有定性出的137种化学成分进行定量分析,结果表明,茶树花中6类化学成分含量从高到低依次为氨基酸(9371.42 μg/g)、儿茶素及其衍生物(9068.43 μg/g)、酚酸及其衍生物(8696.92 μg/g)、生物碱(4392.52 μg/g)、黄酮(1192.88 μg/g)、其他类成分(139.94 μg/g)。 该研究采用质量控制样本评价仪器的稳定性和检测数据的重复性,9种代表性化学成分的相对标准偏差在2. 11%~12.17%范围内,表明仪器的稳定性和检测数据重复性良好。 同时,选取绿原酸类成分以及糖基化槲皮素类成分作为代表性成分,说明了整合过滤策略提取目标类型化学成分的全过程。 该研究全面揭示了茶树花中化学成分的种类和含量,可为茶树花的深度开发和利用提供有价值的信息和数据参考。
International Conference on Alternative Energy in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies Projected Business Risk of Regulatory Change on Wind Power Project : Case of Spain

Regulatory uncertainties have often posed a business risk to renewable energy investors. Energy regulations in Spain were recently revised in June 2014. The objective of this study is to analyze the 50 MW wind power project under revised framework. The project is evaluated using NPV with risk and real options method through Monte Carlo simulations. As a part of this study, five scenarios were evaluated. The base scenario, “Business As Usual (BAU)” consist of recent framework that was into place, just before the new regulation was announced. The other scenarios (including newly introduced framework) were compared to the BAU. We have focused on “delay” option for the current scope. The overall results of the study suggest a negative NPV under the revised framework, with significantly higher delay value. From the results, it is advisable to delay the project. The paper presents the policy implications under scenarios selected in the papers. The article also presents the policy implication for developing countries. The study also served as the learning for developing nations from European Union states. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of 2015 AEDCEE.
Supporting someone with cancer during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed methods analysis of cancer carer's health, Quality of Life and need for support

Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic has greatly affected the delivery of cancer care. Due to social restrictions and reductions in health service contact, it is expected that the burdens experienced by informal carers have risen. This study provides an analysis of cancer carer's experiences and needs as a consequence of the pandemic. An online mixed method design was used. The survey included open‐ended responses to explore carer's experiences and measures of health status (EQ‐5D‐5L), Quality of Life (WHOQoL‐BREF) and impact of COVID‐19. Open‐ended responses were analysed thematically according to Miles and Huberman techniques and quantitative data were analysed descriptively. One hundred and ninety‐six cancer carers participated in the online survey. Mixed method analysis demonstrated that carers were experiencing major difficulties. Of these n = 142/72.4% experienced challenges related to anxiety and depression; 35.2% rated these problems as slight with 25% rating these as moderate and 11.2% as severe. Qualitative analysis identified significant and sustained negative impacts of the pandemic on psychological health, social isolation, finance and access to health services with carers requiring urgent information and support. Carer's challenges have deepened throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to develop innovative ways to provide support for carers to provide palliative and supportive care at home now and during recovery from the pandemic. Due to the need for infection control meaningful development and integration of urgent digital technology might be the most feasible solution.
Repellency Potential of Tomato Herbivore-Induced Volatiles Against the Greenhouse Whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Abstract The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurode vaporariorum, is among the key pests of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in sub-Saharan Africa with Tuta absoluta, spider mite, thrips, and fruitworms. To understand the interaction between the pest and the plant's herbivory-induced plant volatile (HIPVs), we investigated the repellency of four tomato cultivars (Kilele F1, Assila F1, Red Beauty F1, and Nemonneta F1) upon infestation by Trialeurode vaporariorum. We analyzed the behavioral response of T. vaporariorum to infested and uninfested tomato plants of these cultivars using olfactory bioassays followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses of emitted volatiles. Trialeurode vaporariorum was attracted to uninfested plants of all four tomato cultivars. However, two cultivars Kilele F1 and Red Beauty F1 were no longer attractive to the whitefly when they were already infested by the pest. GC–MS analyses identified 25 compounds, 18 monoterpenes, 3 sesquiterpenes, 2 xylenes, 1 aldehyde, and 1 carboxylic compound in the 4 uninfested and infested cultivars. Based on the insects' behavioral response, 1,8-cineole, p-cymene, and limonene did not attract T. vaporariorum at varying concentrations when combined with Red Beauty F1, the most attractive tomato cultivar. This repellence behavioral response can be used as a basis for improvement of other vegetable crops for the management of arthropod pests as for odor masking technique. Graphical Abstract
Paediatric trauma imaging in a regional Queensland hospital: Do we need clearer guidance?

Paediatric trauma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in those aged 0–14. Anatomical and physiological differences require a specialised approach to paediatric trauma care. Medical imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT) scans, requires specific consideration because of the consequences of radiation exposure in the paediatric population. The present study compares current practice of CT scan ordering in paediatric trauma patients at a regional Australian hospital against consensus guidelines published in the UK.
Effect of dataset size, image quality, and image type on deep learning-based automatic prostate segmentation in 3D ultrasound

Three-dimensional (3D) transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is utilized in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment, necessitating time-consuming manual prostate segmentation. We have previously developed an automatic 3D prostate segmentation algorithm involving deep learning prediction on radially sampled 2D images followed by 3D reconstruction, trained on a large, clinically diverse dataset with variable image quality. As large clinical datasets are rare, widespread adoption of automatic segmentation could be facilitated with efficient 2D-based approaches and the development of an image quality grading method. The complete training dataset of 6761 2D images, resliced from 206 3D TRUS volumes acquired using end-fire and side-fire acquisition methods, was split to train two separate networks using either end-fire or side-fire images. Split datasets were reduced to 1000, 500, 250, and 100 2D images. For deep learning prediction, modified U-Net and U-Net++ architectures were implemented and compared using an unseen test dataset of 40 3D TRUS volumes. A 3D TRUS image quality grading scale with three factors (acquisition quality, artifact severity, and boundary visibility) was developed to assess the impact on segmentation performance. For the complete training dataset, U-Net and U-Net++ networks demonstrated equivalent performance, but when trained using split end-fire/side-fire datasets, U-Net++ significantly outperformed the U-Net. Compared to the complete training datasets, U-Net++ trained using reduced-size end-fire and side-fire datasets demonstrated equivalent performance down to 500 training images. For this dataset, image quality had no impact on segmentation performance for end-fire images but did have a significant effect for side-fire images, with boundary visibility having the largest impact. Our algorithm provided fast (<1.5 s) and accurate 3D segmentations across clinically diverse images, demonstrating generalizability and efficiency when employed on smaller datasets, supporting the potential for widespread use, even when data is scarce. The development of an image quality grading scale provides a quantitative tool for assessing segmentation performance.
The centrality of working memory networks in differentiating bipolar type I depression from unipolar depression: A task-fMRI study

Objectives Up to 70%–80% of patients with bipolar disorder are misdiagnosed as having major depressive disorder (MDD), leading to both delayed intervention and worsening disability. Differences in the cognitive neurophysiology may serve to distinguish between the depressive phase of type 1 bipolar disorder (BDD-I) from MDD, though this remains to be demonstrated. To this end, we investigate the discriminatory signal in the topological organization of the functional connectome during a working memory (WM) task in BDD-I and MDD, as a candidate identification approach. Methods We calculated and compared the degree centrality (DC) at the whole-brain voxel-wise level in 31 patients with BDD-I, 35 patients with MDD, and 80 healthy controls (HCs) during an n-back task. We further extracted the distinct DC patterns in the two patient groups under different WM loads and used machine learning approaches to determine the distinguishing ability of the DC map. Results Patients with BDD-I had lower accuracy and longer reaction time (RT) than HCs at high WM loads. BDD-I is characterized by decreased DC in the default mode network (DMN) and the sensorimotor network (SMN) when facing high WM load. In contrast, MDD is characterized by increased DC in the DMN during high WM load. Higher WM load resulted in better classification performance, with the distinct aberrant DC maps under 2-back load discriminating the two disorders with 90.91% accuracy. Conclusions The distributed brain connectivity during high WM load provides novel insights into the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment of depression. This could potentially distinguish BDD-I from MDD if replicated in future large-scale evaluations of first-episode depression with longitudinal confirmation of diagnostic transition.
Road Adaptive Semi-active Suspension in a Pick-up Truck using an LPV Controller

A novel road adaptive LPV controller for the semi-active suspension system of a pick-up truck is proposed. The analysis is carried on the front-left Quarter of Vehicle (QoV) model generated via CarsimTM vehicle simulator. By using an on-line road roughness estimation, considered as scheduling parameter, the proposed LPV/H∞ controller is designed to improve comfort and road holding. The road profile detector is based on the frequency and amplitude estimation of the road irregularities by using a Fourier analysis. AnH∞ robust observer is designed to estimate the variables related to the QoV vertical dynamics, which are used to compute the road frequency and roughness. Different ISO road classes are used to evaluate on-line the proposed road identification algorithm. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve is used to monitor the performance of the roughness estimation; the results show that any road can be identified (at least 70% of success with a false alarm rate lower than 5%). The average error of road identification is 16.2%. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed controller with road adaptation is capable to manage the trade-off between comfort and road holding. The road adaptive controller increases the comfort (35.8% )when the vehicle is driven over a road of bad quality, by considering an uncontrolled damper (passive suspension) as benchmark. While, when the vehicle is driven over a smooth runway at high velocity, the road holding index is increased 50%.
Healthy Behaviors, Leisure Activities, and Social Network Prolong Disability-Free Survival in Older Adults With Diabetes

Abstract Background Diabetes has been related to disability and excess mortality. We estimated the extent to which diabetes shortens disability-free survival and identified modifiable factors that may prolong disability-free survival in older adults with diabetes. Methods Disability-free older adults (n = 2 216, mean age: 71 years, female: 61%) were followed for up to 15 years. Diabetes was ascertained through medical examinations, medication use, or glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). Disability-free survival was defined as survival until the occurrence of disability. A favorable (vs unfavorable) lifestyle profile was defined as the presence of at least 1 of the following: healthy (vs unhealthy) behaviors, active (vs inactive) engagement in leisure activities, or moderate-to-rich (vs poor) social network. Data were analyzed using Cox regression and Laplace regression. Results During the follow-up, 1 345 (60.7%) participants developed disability or died. Diabetes, but not prediabetes, was related to the outcome (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29, 95% CI 1.06–1.57), and 2.15 (1.02–3.27) years shorter median disability-free survival. In joint exposure analysis, disability-free survival was shortened by 3.29 (1.21–5.36), 3.92 (2.08–5.76), and 1.66 (0.06–3.28) years for participants with diabetes plus unhealthy behaviors, inactive engagement in leisure activities, or poor social network. Among participants with diabetes, a favorable profile led to a nonsignificant HR of 1.19 (0.93–1.56) for disability/death and prolonged disability-free survival by 3.26 (2.33–4.18) years compared to those with an unfavorable profile. Conclusions A healthy and socially active lifestyle may attenuate the risk of diabetes on disability or death and prolong disability-free survival among people with diabetes.
Long non-coding RNA HCG18 promotes gastric cancer progression by regulating miRNA-146a-5p/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 axis

ABSTRACT Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be dysregulated in gastric cancer (GC), the function of lncRNA HCG18 (HCG18) in GC is elusive. Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate the underlying mechanism of HCG18 in GC. HCG18 and microRNA 146a-5p (miR-146a-5p) levels in GC were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The effects of miR-146a-5p and HCG18 on GC cell function were examined using Transwell assay, colony formation, and CCK-8 assays. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and p65 expression levels were detected by Western blot. HCG18 and miR-146a-5p target genes were identified using luciferase reporter and bioinformatics assays. HCG18 expression was increased in GC. HCG18 overexpression significantly increased GC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, HCG18 overexpression inhibited miR-146a-5p and upregulated TRAF6 and p65 expression. Finally, miR-146a-5p/TRAF6 was found to be involved in the role of HCG18 in GC progression in vivo. Altogether, HCG18 promotes GC progression via the miR-146a-5p/TRAF6 axis and could be a GC treatment target. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT