Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oncogenic mutational/epigenetic events: Deterministic, stochastic or random: Implications for hypoxic cancer cells and tumor heterogeneity

Many cancers have been characterized by their expression of multiple “driver” oncogenes [1]. This implies a sequence of crucial developmental “decisions” required to implement an oncogenic “program”. Are all or at least most of these decisions deterministic and others “stochastic” in implementation? Certain inborn errors of metabolism and hereditary cancers are largely deterministic. And yet to account for the widespread differences in detail of gene expression within and between cancer cells from different regions of the same cancer, to what extent are these variations at a fine-grained level subject to “decision trees” or “nodes” that may often depend upon stochastic events, engrafted on to more fundamental cell, tissue, organ or unfolding aberrant cancer-oriented deterministic programs [2,3]? Considering that many epithelial cancers develop over a number of years, does an admixture of determinative and stochastic decision-events contribute to a protracted maturation of epithelial cancers? The potential effect of cellular stress such as that due to hypoxia on the outcomes from stochastic events is uncertain.We consider some of these questions, employing a differential–logistic Monte Carlo simulation with continued stochastic input to a fixed carrying capacity, K, of slowly and rapidly proliferating daughter cancer cells as a visual model for this discussion. An Appendix with further details of the programs employed is provided at: www.uic. edu/nursing/publicationsupplements/stochastic Anderson Rubenrstein Guinan Patel.pdf
Securing the Multicast Groups in Wireless Networks

— In computer networking, multicast is the delivery of a message or information to a group of destination computers simultaneously in a single transmission from the source. However, the existing group key management (GKM) schemes, aiming to secure communication within a single group, are not suitable in multiple multicast group environments because of inefficient use of keys, and much larger rekeying overheads. In this paper, we propose a new GKM scheme for multiple multicast groups, called the master-key-encryption-based multiple group key management (MKE-MGKM) scheme. The MKE-MGKM scheme exploits asymmetric keys, which are generated from the proposed master key encryption (MKE) algorithm, and is used for efficient distribution of the group key. It alleviates the rekeying overhead by using the asymmetry of the master and slave keys, i.e., even if one of the slave keys is updated, the remaining ones can still be unchanged by modifying only the master key. Through numerical analysis and simulations, it is shown that the MKE-MGKM scheme can reduce the storage overhead of a key distribution center (KDC) by 75% and the storage overhead of a user by up to 85%, and 60% of the communication overhead at most, compared to the existing schemes.
GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING THE TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEM USING NEIGHBOR-BASED CONSTRUCTIVE CROSSOVER OPERATOR

In this paper, a new crossover operator named Neighbor-based Constructive Crossover (NCX) is evolved for a genetic algorithm that generates high quality solutions to the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The proposed crossover operator uses the better edges present in parents’ structure by comparing the neighboring nodes of a node in order to generate off-springs. The efficacy of the proposed crossover operator, NCX is set against two other crossover operators, single point crossover (SPCX) [19] and sequential constructive crossover (SCX) [1] for several standard TSPLIB instances [2]. Empirical results and observations illustrate that the new crossover operator is better than the SPCX and SCX in terms of quality of solutions
VALIDATED HPTLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF RIFAMPICIN, ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN COMBINED TABLET DOSAGE FORM

This present study reports for the first time simultaneous quantification of Rifampicin, Isoniazid and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride in tablet dosage form by employing High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic method. Chromatographic separation of the drugs were performed on aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60 G F254 as the stationary phase and the mobile phase used was a mixture of Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Acetone: Acetic acid (5.5: 2.0: 2.0: 0.5, v/v). Densitometric evaluation of the separated zones was performed using a UV detector at 254 nm in absorbance mode. The Rf values for Rifampicin, Isoniazid and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride were found to be 0.27 0.01, 0.47 0.01 and 0.75 0.01 respectively. The calibration Curve was found to be linear between 200 to 1000 ng/spot for each drug. The method was specific because no chromatographic interferences from the tablet excipients were found. The accuracy and reliability of the method was assessed by linearity, precision (intraday % RSD and interday % RSD of Rifampicin, Isoniazid and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) and specificity in accordance with ICH guidelines. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 75.28 ng/spot and 88.83 ng/spot for RIF, and 80.20 ng/spot and 102.49 ng/spot for INH, and 118.46 ng/spot and 132.30 ng/spot for PDX, respectively. The developed method can be successfully employed for the simultaneous determination of RIF, INH and PDX in marketed tablet formulation.
A Coordination and Communication Optimization of WSANs - using Clustering and Bandwidth

— Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSANs) are designed to sense the environment with sensor node(s) and to take decision at actor node(s) after analysis of received data. WSAN has 1:n ratio in actor and sensor nodes and sensor nodes are responsible to extract information from their neighbourhood for which they are installed. Thus to transfer information from sensor to sensor/actor node we need connected network and some architecture to transmit information reliably and fasterwith less energy consumption to the receiver node so that appropriate decision can be taken accordingly. In this paper, a new framework based on bandwidth versus transmission length/coverage of network by actor and genetic algorithm (GA) to choose cluster head is discussed with actor level clustering technique. Actor node can increase the coverage areaby decreasing bandwidth while keeping same transmission power; to transmit data to the sink node. Intermediate actor node(s) forwards data in segmented form to reduce retransmission of lost packets from initiator. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of proposed framework over traditional approach.
REGULATION OF GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS IN CELL MEMBRANE DURING DIABETES: IMPACT OF FLAXSEED OIL SUPPLEMENTATION

Insulin resistance is associated with cell membrane properties . Some studies have demonstrated relationships between fatty acids composition of cell membrane phospholipids and insulin action. This study aimed to improve cell membrane structure ( increasing the omega-3 fatty acids ) in order to decrease insulin resistance through regulation of glucose transporters. Forty male albino rats were used in this study and divided into four groups . Group I (control group): healthy rats received a vehicle. Group II (flaxseed oil group): healthy rats received 1.2 ml flaxseed oil / kg b.w. / day orally. Group III (diabetic group): diabetic rats received a vehicle. Group IV (treated group): diabetic rats received 1.2 ml flaxseed oil / kg b.w. / day orally . Fasting blood sugar and plasma insulin were determined . Erythrocyte membrane fatty acids were estimated by HPLC column C 18 ( 260 X 4.6 , particle size 5 μl ) , mobile phase was acetonitrile / water mixture (70/30) v/v by isocratic elution with flow rate 1 ml / min and 214 nm wave length. GLUT 1 and GLUT 4 were estimated by PCR . The current results indicated that, the percent of changes of GLUT1 and GLUT4 in treated group from diabetic were 18.42 and 44.64 % respectively; also a negative correlation was observed between insulin resistance and glucose transporters. In conclusion, flaxseed oil supplementation has an important role in improving the cell membrane structure and elevation of glucose transporters resulting in a reduction of insulin resistance during diabetes.
Estimation of Basic Anatomical Landmarks on 3D Foot Model using the Free-Form Deformation Method

In order to design industrial products fitting well to the human body, it is necessary to make full use of information of human anatomical landmarks. These landmarks however cannot be extracted automatically from point cloud data of human body surface obtained by a 3D scanner. And the coordinate system for the design model cannot be decided by the point cloud itself. Our previous report proposed an automatic detection method of the basic anatomical landmarks (basic landmarks) from the point cloud of a human foot [1]. In the method, two anatomical landmarks used for defining the coordinate system of 3D foot model, MT(metatarsale tibiale) and MF(metatarsale fiburale), are extracted using the multiple regression analysis. Then the coordinate system of the foot model is defined by using these obtained MT and MF. This method is effective in defining the coordinate system of 3D foot model. However the accuracy of estimating MT and MF is not so good. In this paper, we attempt to improve the accuracy by the Free Form Deformation method [2].
Application of an AODE Based Classifier to Detect DOS Attacks

Summary Digital forensics often utilize network intrusion detection systems based on various data mining methods to detect and collect evidence on intrusion events such as Denial of Service (DOS) attacks. Findings of our experiments reveal that a classification model based on averaged one-dependence estimators (AODE) can be used for this purpose. AODE is an extension of Naïve Bayes method which relies on conditional independence assumption. A multiclass classifier model based on AODE is proposed for accurate detection of DOS attacks. Results of the experiments using KDD’99 intrusion detection dataset indicate the proposed classifier based on AODE model performs better than the classifier model based on traditional Naïve Bayes method in terms of accuracy to detect DOS attacks.
Analysis to Determine Optimum Steam Pressure before Control Valves to Minimize Throttling Losses

In this paper, analysis has been done to determine how much optimum steam pressure should be maintained before control valves at part loads so that throttling losses would be minimum. Comparison has been made between existing values maintained at present and calculated values from proposed method. Results have shown that approximately 8 ksc of pressure can be saved and process can be improved by adopting this method. This method can be proved useful to generate main steam pressure verses load curve. All data for analysis has been collected and evaluated from a 525MW operating unit of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited. Keyword Sliding pressure mode; Throttling losses; Heat rate; optimum steam pressure; Control valves opening; Power Plant
Dinsar Analysis of Land Subsidence in Themahyar Plain, Central Iran

Land subsidence and ground fissure activities have been a serious geo-hazard in internal plain of Iran. The D-InSAR technique has been widely applied and deeply researched in the field of the land deformation monitoring. In this study, we use SAR interferometer study to investigate earth subsidence in the northern Mahyar plain, located in the south of Isfahan, Iran. The results of the survey based on SAR interferometry reveals that subsidence occurs with the uplift in the adjacent hills, simultaneously called duality in geomorphology. In Duality, a phenomenon with another one is dual. Although each of these phenomena are independent in nature, but there is a relationship between them. So, we will analyze the behavior of phenomena in relation to other ones.
A Finite Impulse Response (Fir) Adaptive Filtering Technique for the Monitoring Of Foetal Health and Condition

ABSTRACT :Foetal heart rate and its in-between beat variability are two vital biomedical recordings for ascertaining the foetal health and condition inside its maternal womb. Naturally, the foetal electrocardiographic signal which is generated by the foetal heart beat is mixed with the maternal electrocardiographic signal and other background noise arising from maternal muscle activity and foetal motion. The morphology of the foetal ECG describes the medical state of the foetus. This ECG must have to be extracted from the contaminating signals before it can be interpreted correctly and clinically. In this paper a design and implementation of an adaptive FIR filter that separates the foetal and maternal ECG signals, and a static FIR low pass filter that removes the high frequency noise from the foetal ECG is proposed. Matlab software is used to design and simulate the results.
Design and Implementation of a Natural User Interface Using Hand Gesture Recognition Method

—This paper presents a system which is capable of communicating PC using natural gestures. This system integrates the physical surroundings of a person with real time computer generated information. It creates an enhanced perception of the surrounding environment. To achieve this, a Natural User Interface is designed and implemented by using vision Based hand gesture recognition method. It should be capable of tracking the hand gestures and provides a feedback according to the recognized gesture. The user will be able to use his/her hand movements in order to control the operations which are usually carried out with a mouse. According to different hand movements, the system will respond and carry out the respective operations that are available. Here the natural gestures are recognized through analyzing the image frames from the web camera which is focused to the computer monitor. And it relies on a user being able to carry out relatively natural motions, movements or gestures that they quickly discover and control the computer application or manipulate the on-screen content. This system provides an efficient way of communication with PC.
EFFICIENT CLUSTERING OF HIGH DIMENSIONAL DATASETS WITH MULTI VIEWPOINT BASED SIMILARITY MEASURE

: Many important real time applications involve clustering large datasets. Dataset can be large if there are a large number of elements in the data set, each element can have many features and there can be many clusters to discover. Recent advances in clustering algorithms have been addressed these datasets issues partially. However, there has been much less work on methods of efficiently clustering datasets that are high dimension. Clustering requires more robust Similarity or Dissimilarity Measure. In this paper we introduce Multi-view point Similarity Measure. Using Multiple Viewpoints, more informative assessment of Similarity could be achieved. The advantage of the proposed clustering is predicted by comparing with well known clustering algorithm that uses different similarity measure using the three efficiency metrics Accuracy, NMI and FScore.
Image Processing Techniques to Recognize and Classify Bottle Articles

Solid object recognition and classification has been an area of interest with the increasing environmental and economic concerns. Our work mainly concentrates on identification of bottles and classifying the same into one of several categories, like glass, metal, polystyrene, and low density polyethylene (LDPE). Using a combination of several standard image processing techniques like Principle Component Analysis (PCA), Hough Transforms (HT) and Rod Touch Analysis (RTA) we deduce an algorithm called the Bottle Recognition and Classification (BRC) to efficiently recognize and classify the bottles to various classes with good degree of speed and accuracy .
Seed-and-Grow Algorithm to Identify users from Anonymized Social Networks

Digital traces left by users of on-line social networking services, even once Anonymization, square measure at risk of privacy breaches. This is often exacerbated by the increasing overlap in user-bases among varied services. To alert fellow researchers in each the domain and also the trade to the practicability of such AN attack, we have a tendency to propose an formula, Seed-and-Grow, to spot users from AN anonymzed social graph, primarily based only on graph structure. The formula initial identifies a seed sub-graph, either planted by AN offender or divulged by a collusion of a little cluster of users, then grows the seed larger supported the attacker’s existing data of the users’ social relations. Our work identifies and relaxes implicit assumptions taken by previous works, eliminates discretional parameters, and improves identification effectiveness and accuracy. Simulations on real-world collected information sets verify our claim.
Overview of a MAC Scheduling Algorithm for IEEE 802.16 Wireless Networks

In this paper we have presented the literature survey of proposed MAC based quality of service (QoS) architecture for Wi-MAX Point-to-Multipoint networks scheduling algorithm. The Wi-MAX is IEEE 802.16 Wireless network standard which recently for Broadband Wireless communication. The IEEE 802.16 advantages includes variable bit rate and high data rate, last mile wireless access, point to multipoint communication, large frequency range and QoS for various types of applications. With respect of the above advantages of IEEE 802.16 Wireless network is drawback in MAC scheduling architecture in uplink as well as downlink direction. In this paper we propose MAC scheduling architecture for IEEE 802.16 Wireless networks in both uplink and downlink direction to broadcast the frame.
A Novel Adaptive Method For The Blind Channel Estimation And Equalization Via Sub Space Method

In this paper, we present a systematic study of the subspace-based blind channel estimation and equalization method. We first formulate a general signal model of multiple simultaneous signals transmitted through a channels, which can be applied to a modern digital communication systems QAM. Based on this model, we then propose a generalized subspace-based channel estimator by minimizing a novel cost function. We investigate the asymptotic performance of the proposed estimator, i
A Principal Component Analysis Method for Recognition of Human Faces: Eigenfaces Approach

— Facial recognition is a biometric method of identifying a person based on a picture of their face. Facial recognition system is very much important for security, surveillance and in forensics. In this paper, a face recognition system based on eigenfaces approach of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is proposed. The eigenfaces approach based on PCA is a very accurate method of facial recognition problem as lot of features can be extracted and all of the data of the image is analyzed together without leaving any of the information. This approach is preferred in pattern recognition tasks due to its simplicity, speed and learning capability. The relevance of eigenfaces in transmission and reception of data in communication field is also experimentally analyzed.
A Survey on Indoor Object Detection System

- There are some indoor navigational systems for visually impaired people but few can provide dynamic interactions and adaptability to changes. This paper presents an up-to-date survey of indoor navigational techniques i.e. Laser Activated RFID, Smart Indoor Navigation for Visually Impaired, Ontology and Algorithm for Indoor Routing, RFID for indoor environments, NAVI, TANIA, NOPPA, Trekker. Since the beginning of the 1970’s, the research of vision aids for the visually impaired people has been broadly extended. A general comparisons between methodology used in above techniques are also shown.
A Survey on MMSE Detector Using Space Time Diversity Technique

In this paper, we present the survey on MMSE Detector using space time diversity technique. The fulldiversity spacefrequency block codes (SFBCs) focused around orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs). We studied that the Space Time Diversity Technique is fit for achieving full-differing qualities and rate-one attributes for two transmit reception apparatuses, despite the fact that the evidence of full-differences property is restricted to the genuine star groupings. Likewise for the QPSK star grouping, as of late proposed full-differences space-timefrequency block codes (STFBCs) by and large experience the ill effects of high computational many-sided quality at the receiver side.
A Survey on Characterization of Defense Mechanisms in DDOS Attacks

-Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack is a poisonous threat to our security professionals. DDoS Attack is defined as the attack which targets one or more systems using multiple systems which are compromised usually by Trojan Horse at the same instance of time. DDos Attack does not allow legitimate users to access their resource and their services by taking advantage of the system vulnerability . DDoS Attack is independent of the protocols used . The goals of DDoS Attack is Twofold. First it overloads the server which may lead to crash and the second goal is to acquire and steal the bandwidth by generating a large scale of traffic.The attack is set up by a Master called as BotMaster by controlling armies of system to attack which is injected by malware called as Botnets. Effective and Collaborative Defense Mechanisms for DDoS Attack in Wired Network Systems is the main Scope of Intrusion Detection. Exploration of defense mechanisms for DDoS Flooding Attack in Wired Network Systems along with their classification and study of various structures of Botnets is discussed in this paper. We also highlight all the techniques already used before the attack, during the attack and after the attack. As application level attacks are common and stealthier when compared to network /transport level attacks we focus more on http DDoS flooding attacks.
RIBOSOMAL AMPLIFICATION OF RAGI-DERIVED MAGNAPORTHE

Magnaporthe grisea is known to infect more than 50 members of gramineae including rice, wheat and finger millet (Eleusine coracana). Production of finger millet commonly known as ragi is subjected to serious damage (from 25-80%) due to blast disease. As in rice, M. grisea attacks at three different plant growth stages viz., seedling stage for foliar infection, and panicle emergence stage for panicle and neck infection in finger millet. Plant resistance to blast is the only viable alternative to disease management. Unfortunately, however, resistance to blast is short lived due to hypervariable nature of the pathogen. Since the pathogen infects different organs of the plant, it is a hypothesis that an isolate originating from an organ may not infect several organs of the same plant. Although, resistance breeding relies on identifying resistance based on screening for leaf blast only. Therefore, experiments were conducted to ascertain genetic difference amongst 90 leaf, neck and panicle-derived M.grisea isolates originating from different organs through ITS analysis. All the isolates had amplified product of similar size in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the genes encoding