Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Conceptual Framework of Sexual Harassments News Exposure’s Relationship with Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior in Pakistani and Malaysian Literature

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the framework to researchers doing research on sexual harassments by forms of media. A conceptual approach, drawing on theoretical framework of cultivation theory, is applied. However, this paper draws a comprehensive review of previous researches that were conducted in the area of news media cultivation. This paper refers to the specific findings of the Pakistani and Malaysian literature to illustrate the research patterns with respect to identifying the relationships between sexual harassments news exposure, knowledge, intolerant attitude, and propensity to act. The paper argues on the literature results and suggestions a nd highlights a research gap while adding the ‘sexual harassments knowledge’, as an additional variable in the conceptual model. This paper provides potential reviews to conduct future studies in the perspective of media cultivation. News media needs to practice positive and informative content in sexual harassments news coverage that can provides high news exposure that enhances the knowledge, which can reform intolerant attitude with correct behavior. A framework that integrates a theoretical contribution in expanding the uses of cultivation theory in spreading awareness about sexual harassment. The findings of this study provide direction for practice and for future research on the cultivation of sexual harassments content, exposure, and relationships with other variables. The paper intends to encourage researchers to support a theoretical approach and to help practitioners better understand the reasons of tolerant attitude with wrong behavioral intentions while dealing a silent crime. ‘scandalous’ and stereotypical content affects the mind of common people. The media exposure of specific agendas can cultivate attitudes and behavior against sexual harassments. The adaptation of anti-harassing policies from the policy diffusion and innovation perspective with an emphasis on the role of print media coverage has likewise been investigated by Winburn et al . , (2014). Their findings showed the importance of national media coverage efforts for policy acceptance. This study focused on system development, implementation, and dispersion as well as item visibility and attention in media coverage.
Characteristics of volcanic ash and natural lime based stabilized clayey soils

Clayey soils are stabilized with various percentages of volcanic ash (VA), finely ground natural lime (NL), Portland cement, and their combinations. The influence of stabilizers and their combinations is evaluated through standard Proctor compaction, unconfined compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests. The durability of stabilized soil mixtures is judged based on drying shrinkage and the influence of water immersion on strength. Correlations between compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and CBR are also established. Stabilized soil mixtures can be used in various constructions, including road pavements and low-cost housing.Key words: soil stabilization, volcanic ash, natural lime, mechanical properties, durability.
Fights Behavior Detection Based on Space-Time Interest Points

Human action recognition belongs to the senior visual analysis of computer vision, which involves image processing, artificial intelligence, pattern recognition and so on, is becoming one of the most hot research topic in recent years. In this paper, on the basis of comparative analysis and study towards current methods related to human action recognition, we propose a novel fights behavior detection method which is based on spatial-temporal interest point. Since most information of human action in video are indicated by the space-time interest points of video, we combine spatial-temporal features with motion energy image to describe information of video, and local spatial-temporal features are applied to extract fights behavior model by bags of words. Experimental results show that this method can achieve high accuracy and certain practical value.
Design and development of an Integrated Quality Control system

This study introduces a framework for design and development of Integrated Quality Control (IQC). The design features of the IQC are Quality Information System (QIS), Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Statistical Quality Control (SQC), Statistical Process Control (SPC) and ISO 9000 standards. To achieve the above objective, a systematic database in the context of QIS is developed. Data is stored, retrieved and exchanged electronically via EDI technology. Moreover, the IQC is developed in accordance with ISO 9000 international standards. The distinct feature of this study is the existence of an integrated mechanism in the IQC for evaluation of the performance of design, planning, procurement and production units. It is also a suitable and effective substitute for a Total Quality Control (TQC) programme. The prescribed framework is successfully designed, implemented and tested for a large industrial machinery manufacturer and its advantages are shown in a five year period by analysis of variance.
A Validation of the Color-Preference Index

Four fluorescent lamps of daylight chromaticity, and with varying Color-Preference Index (CPI), illuminated an array of fruit, vegetables, breads and meat. The lamps were rated in order of preference for the coloration of this array by 267 observers. Excellent correlation of observer preference with CPI, as well as with the prime-color content of the spectral power distributions of the lamps, served to validate the CPI and Judd's assignment of preferred chromaticities of identifiable objects.
Autoantibodies Against Human Renal Glomerular Endothelial Cells in Lupus Nephritis That Induce Endothelial Interferon-Alpha Production

Background: The pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN) remains not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the pathogenic roles of autoantibodies against human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEC) in LN patients.Methods: The serum levels of anti-HRGEC antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients without LN and LN patients were determined by cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Monoclonal IgG anti-HRGEC antibodies were subsequently generated from LN patients. The binding activities of these monoclonal antibodies to HRGEC, their cross-reactivity with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), and the ability to activate HRGEC were further evaluated. Results: LN patients had higher serum levels of IgG anti-HRGEC antibodies than SLE patients without LN and healthy controls. Four monoclonal IgG anti-HRGEC antibodies (LN1-4) were obtained; LN1 and LN2 were IgG3 while LN3 and LN4 were IgG1. Among these monoclonal antibodies, LN1-3 were cross-reactive with dsDNA. The functional assays showed that compared with IgG1/IgG3 isotype controls, LN3 had the effect on HRGEC to enhance interleukin (IL)-6 production, LN4 could enhance IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 production, and LN1-3 possessed the ability to induce interferon (IFN)-α production by HRGEC. Moreover, the removal of DNA on HRGEC surface by DNAse 1 did not interpose the binding of LN1-3 to HRGEC and the effects of LN1-3 on IFN-α induction by HRGEC.Conclusions: Some IgG anti-HRGEC antibodies in LN patients had the ability to enhance endothelial proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1) production and some could induce the DNA-independent production of IFN-α by HRGEC.
Técnicas analíticas contemporáneas para la identificación de residuos de sulfonamidas, quinolonas y cloranfenicol

The excessive use of drugs in the veterinary industry generates bioaccumulation in animal organs, tissues, muscles and fat. Depending on the concentration, these residues can reach man via the food chain. Food safety comprehends the use of these drugs and their residues such as sulfonamides, chloramphenicol and quinolones, which have been found in different slaughter animals. Some countries have limited regulations to control this issue. The implementation of standards set by the European Union is essential to monitor and control this problem at a national level. In this review, we use analytical techniques to identify the residues produced by these drugs, focusing on recently developed technologies that are essential tools to control this problem. Liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry and its various interface systems is the most recommended technology to detect residues in various food matrices.
Spiral Spline Curves for Highway Design

Techniques for automating the design of highways are examined. It is accepted design practice to reduce the straight-line parts of the horizontal alignment of a designed center line as much as possible. This can be accomplished manually by using clothoid templates. This article describes the use of spiral splines that behave in a manner such that the horizontal alignment may be automatically designed as a composition of clothoid segments. The resulting methods are suitable for microcomputer implementation.
Quantification of damage and initial growth of eucalyptus in integrated crop-livestock-forest systems in the Brazilian Cerrado

Background The integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) system is a sustainable production model composed by tree species intercropped with annual crops and forage species. The choice of the tree species that will compose the ICLF is characterized as a fundamental requirement in the adoption of the system. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the initial growth and adaptation of two eucalyptus genotypes cultivated in ICLF systems in the Brazilian Cerrado. Methods The eucalyptus genotypes (E. cloeziana and E. urograndis) were intercropped with Sorghum bicolor and Urochloa brizantha in two ICLF systems in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Qualitative data expressed by occurrences of damage and weaknesses, as well as quantitative data measured by survival rates, diameter at soil height, diameter at breast height, and total height of trees were evaluated in four periods. The data were analyzed by a correlation matrix and analysis of variance, and them qualitative and quantitative data to were analyzed in relation to the rainfall distribution during the studied period. Results The occurrence of Trigona spinipes and termite were the main biotic factors that caused damage and weaknesses to E. cloeziana and E. urograndis, respectively, directly impacting the initial growth and survival rate of eucalyptus. The growth of E. urograndis was higher than E. cloeziana at 450, 630, 1020, and 1320 days after transplanting. On the other hand, E. cloeziana showed the highest survival rate (80.6%) while E. urograndis presented greater tolerance to the water stress. Conclusion The hibrid E. urograndis proved to be more adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions studied in the Cerrado region and can be indicated to ICLF systems implanted in regions characterized by high temperatures and irregular rainfall distribution.
A Metabonomics Investigation into the Therapeutic Effects of BuChang NaoXinTong Capsules on Reversing the Amino Acid-Protein Interaction Network of Cerebral Ischemia

Background Amino acids (AAs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) play a pivotal role in cerebral ischemia (CI). BuChang NaoXinTong Capsules (BNC) are widely prescribed in Chinese medicine for the treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Methods In order to investigate the therapeutic effects and pharmacological mechanisms of BNC on reversing CI from a system level, an amino acid-protein interaction imbalanced network of CI containing metabolites of AAs, key regulatory enzymes, and proteins was constructed for the first time. Furthermore, a novel method for detecting the ten AAs in CSF was developed by UPLC-QQQ-MS in an effort to validate the imbalanced networks and the therapeutic effects of BNC via analysis of metabolites. Results Based on a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model, the dynamic levels of amino acids in CSF 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after MCAO were analyzed. Up to 24 h, the accumulated nine AA biomarkers were found to significantly change in the MCAO group compared to the sham group and exhibited an obvious tendency for returning to baseline values after BNC treatment. In addition, based on the imbalanced network of CI, four key enzymes that regulate the generation of BNC-mediated AA biomarkers were selected and validated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. Finally, aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (AADC) was found to be one of the putative targets for BNC-mediated protection against CI. Conclusion This study provides new strategies to explore the mechanism of cerebral ischemia and help discover the potential mechanism of BNC.
Time-to-target explains task-dependent modulation of temporal feedback gain evolution

Abstract Visuomotor feedback gains vary in magnitude throughout a reach, commonly explained by optimal control. However, this pattern also matches the hand velocity profile, suggesting a simpler, perhaps hardwired, controller. Here we test between these alternatives, examining whether movement velocity regulates visuomotor gains. Feedback gain profiles were modulated across five conditions, with significant effects for altered hand, but not cursor, kinematics. Using optimal control we show that visuomotor feedback gains exhibit a consistent relation with time-to-target, rather than velocity, across a range of kinematics. Although our model suggests a time beyond which feedback gains should be down-regulated to minimise cost, our participants deliberately extend their movement durations for late perturbations, where feedback gains are reduced due to the lack of time for correction. Finally, we qualitatively replicate participant results within our model, but only when accounting for this extension of time-to-target, suggesting that expected time-to-target is critical in online feedback control.
Prediction of roll separating force in a roll pass design of micro-alloyed steel rods

The aim of the present work is to validate a constitutive model for the prediction of roll force during rebar steel processing. Roll force is considered as an important segment in the process of design dog bone and slit pass grooves. Actual readings from the industrial rolling field were fed to the model to verify the precision of calculation by model. During the rolling process, the steel section changes from pass to pass, i.e. round-oval-round. The contact angle between the stock and roll ram was divided into six equal segments instead of a complicated process. The model is based on two dimensional plane strain deformation. The contact area is divided into six zones with the same angles dimension. Width, height, velocity, coefficient of friction, strain, strain rate, flow stress and finally rolls separating force are calculated at each of the six points on the roll surface. Mean values for each pass can then be numerically calculated. The coefficient of friction is computed as a function of temperature as well as velocity. Shida’s constitutive equation and its modification by Y. Lee are used to calculate the flow stress Nb-V-micro-alloyed steel. Calculated flow stress increases continuously with the increase of both strain and strain rate. On verification of results, it is noticed that measured flow stresses are higher than that calculated by a value ranging 30–40 MPa. Inside the roll gap, both flow stress and roll separating force show a steep increase with the increase of the contact angle, and the highest values are obtained at the outgoing point.
Dielectric resonator antennas—a review and general design relations for resonant frequency and bandwidth

Open dielectric resonators (DRs) offer attractive features as antenna elements. These include their small size, mechanical simplicity, high radiation efficiency due to no inherent conductor loss, relatively large bandwidth, simple coupling schemes to nearly all commonly used transmission lines, and the advantage of obtaining different radiation characteristics using different modes of the resonator. In this article, we give a comprehensive review of the modes and the radiation characteristics of DRs of different shapes, such as cylindrical, cylindrical ring, spherical, and rectangular. Further, accurate closed form expressions are derived for the resonant frequencies, radiation Q-factors, and the inside fields of a cylindrical DR. These design expressions are valid over a wide range of DR parameters. Finally, the techniques used to feed DR antennas are discussed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Robust H∞ fault-tolerant control for stochastic Markov jump time-delay systems with actuator faults and application

With the increasing complexity of the control systems, especially the systems with high safety requirements (such as aircraft, power systems, chemical facilities, nuclear energy facilities, etc.), the fault­tolerant control strategies need to be used in order to ensure that the system can still meet a certain stable performance when an abnormality occurs. System integrity means that when one or more components in the system fail, the system can still work steadily by using the remaining components. In the early days, many scholars carried out research on this problem [1–3]. In 1971, Niederlinski proposed the concept of integral control [4], which is the idea of fault­tolerant control. If the closed­loop system is still stable and has ideal characteristics when the actuator, sensor or component fails, the closed­loop control system is called the fault­tolerant control system. Around 1980, Šiljak researched the problem of reliable stabilization of the system and published some results, which are the important early literature for the fault­ tolerant control [5–7]. Faults in the engineering system mainly include the actuator fault, sensor fault, controller fault and controlled object fault [8–11]. The actuator is the most prone to failure because it performs control tasks frequently. The failure of the actuator in the system may cause the system to lose its original performance, or even cause the system to become unstable [12–15]. For example, in spacecraft control systems, the actuators are one of the key components for precise control. If the actuator fails, it will inevitably affect the performance of the spacecraft control system. In serious cases, it may even lead to the failure of the space mission. Therefore, when the actuators fail, how Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, 2021, 70, 1, 102–110
Parallel selective pressures drive convergent phenotypic diversification in the morphologically and ecologically diverse Pythons and Boas

Com ergent evolution, or the multiple independent origin of a biological trait, can be expressed at many le\ els. from populations to adaptive radiations. Pythons and boas are globally distributed and are famous for their remarkable phenot>'pic and ecological di^•ersit^•, spanning dwarfs to giants, and burrowers to tree-climbers. Each of the p j thons and boas clades are species-rich adaptive radiations and provide a novel system to explore convergent evolution and macroe\olutionar>patterns at an intercontinental scale and between distantly related clades. Our main hypothesis is that strong and widespread convergent evolution in head shape is driven by parallel adaptation to similar ecological niches between pythons, boas and their close relatives. We classified each species into one of six ecotvpe categories based on their habitat use. With a recently published phylogeny for the group and using two-dimensional geometric morphometries, we applied an explicitly phylogenetic framework to our analyses, and used three main approaches. First, we reconstructed phylomorphospace for the geometric morphometric data, then we used a new method called SURFACE to identify convergent phenotj pic regimes, and then we tested the strength of convergence for all alternative ecomorph groupings using the UTieatsheaf index. We found that pythons and boas group according to their ecot>pe in phylomorphospace, overriding phylogenetic effects. Moreo\ er, we found five convergent phenotypic regimes, each of which has a different predominant ecot> pe, suggesting that the evolution of head shape in these species has a strong adaptive component related to habitat use. Because replicated adapti\e radiations at an intercontinental level and between distantly related taxa are rarely demonstrated, pythons and boas provide and excellent new model for the study of ecological and phenot> pic convergence at deep macroevolutionar>' levels.
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Selenium and Alpha-tocopherol in Mouse Models of Pain Induced with Fluoride Exposure

Fluoride is an ineluctable environmental pollutant and its chronic exposure causes nociception and inflammation. Alpha-tocopherol and Selenium (Se) are widely available compounds that are safe if taken in moderation and exert a wide range of antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. This study examined the protective activity of dietary supplements, alpha-tocopherol (2 mg/kg BW) and Selenium (05 µg/kg BW), by using thermal (Hot plate test, Tail-flick test), chemical (writhing test, formalin test) and neuropathic (allodynia test) tests in fluoride (20mg/kg BW) induced pain models. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity was also assessed with paw oedema assay. The obtained data suggest that hyperalgesia in fluoride exposure group was significantly (p<0.05) exhibited in hot plate, tail flick, writhing response, formalin and allodynia tests. Moreover, inflammation in fluoride exposure group was also significantly (p<0.05) increased in paw oedema tests in comparison with the control group. The combined administration of Se and alpha-tocopherol significantly (p<0.05) increased response latency in hot plate and tail flick tests, reduced writhing responses in the writhing test, increased withdrawal duration in allodynia test, inhibited formalin induced pain response in both phases but it was more pronounced in the second phase and attenuated formalin induced paw oedema in comparison with independent treatment of Se and alpha-tocopherol against NaF suggesting their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. These findings conclude the synergistic effects of selenium and alpha-tocopherol against fluoride induced nociception and inflammation.
Robot welding in shipbuilding

Examines the challenges facing the shipbuilding industry today and details the solution offered by a consortium of three German companies. It is based on the prefabrication of sub‐assemblies on production lines in which automation is critical to the economics. Describes welding robots playing a key role in this approach and the robot systems supplied to one German shipbuilder. Also important to cost effectiveness is a new high speed welding process that uses two wires in the weld torch, enabling productivity to be at least doubled. Another necessity is an off‐line programming and simulation system, specifically developed for the shipbuilding industry, that is typified by one‐off and low volume manufacture.
Two New Species of the Genus Candelariella from China and Korea

Abstract Candelariella is a widespread lineage of lichenized ascomycetes with ambiguous relationships among species that have not solved completely. In this study, several specimens belonging to Candelariella were collected from China and South Korea, and the internal transcribed spacer region was generated to confirm the system position of the newly collected specimens. Combined with a morphological examination and phylogenetic analysis, two new areolate species, Candelariella rubrisoli and C. subsquamulosa, are new to science. Detail descriptions of each new species are presented. In addition, C. canadensis is firstly reported from China mainland.