Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutrient driven transcriptional changes during phage infection in an aquatic Gammaproteobacterium

Summary Phages modulate bacterial metabolism during infection by regulating gene expression, which influences aquatic nutrient cycling. However, the effects of shifting nutrient regimes are less understood. Here, we analyzed transcriptomes of an ecologically relevant Gammaproteobacterium and its lytic phage in high (HNM) and low (LNM) nutrient medium. Despite different infection characteristics, including reduced burst size and longer latent period in LNM, the phage had a fixed expression profile. Bacterial transcription was instead different depending on nutrient regime, with HNM bacteria focusing on growth while LNM bacteria focused on motility and membrane transport. Additionally, phage infection had a larger effect on bacterial gene expression in LNM compared to HNM, e.g. suppressing increased iron uptake and altering expression of phosphorus uptake genes. Overall, phage infection influenced host metabolism more in LNM, which was more similar to natural conditions, emphasizing the importance of considering natural conditions to understand phage and host ecology.
The Old New Thing: Practical Development Throughout the Evolution of Windows

"Raymond Chen is the original raconteur of Windows. "--Scott Hanselman, ComputerZen.com"Raymond has been at Microsoft for many years and has seen many nuances of Windows that others could only ever hope to get a glimpse of. With this book, Raymond shares his knowledge, experience, and anecdotal stories, allowing all of us to get a better understanding of the operating system that affects millions of people every day. This book has something for everyone, is a casual read, and I highly recommend it! "--Jeffrey Richter, Author/Consultant, Cofounder of Wintellect"Very interesting read. Raymond tells the inside story of why Windows is the way it is. "--Eric Gunnerson, Program Manager, Microsoft Corporation"Absolutely essential reading for understanding the history of Windows, its intricacies and quirks, and why they came about. "--Matt Pietrek, MSDN Magazine's Under the Hood Columnist"Raymond Chen has become something of a legend in the software industry, and in this book you'll discover why. From his high-level reminiscences on the design of the Windows Start button to his low-level discussions of GlobalAlloc that only your inner-geek could love, The Old New Thing is a captivating collection of anecdotes that will help you to truly appreciate the difficulty inherent in designing and writing quality software. "--Stephen Toub, Technical Editor, MSDN MagazineWhy does Windows work the way it does? Why is Shut Down on the Start menu? (And why is there a Start button, anyway? ) How can I tap into the dialog loop? Why does the GetWindowText function behave so strangely? Why are registry files called "hives"? Many of Windows' quirks have perfectly logical explanations, rooted in history. Understand them, and you'll be more productive and a lot less frustrated. Raymond Chen--who's spent more than a decade on Microsoft's Windows development team--reveals the "hidden Windows" you need to know.Chen's engaging style, deep insight, and thoughtful humor have made him one of the world's premier technology bloggers. Here he brings together behind-the-scenes explanations, invaluable technical advice, and illuminating anecdotes that bring Windows to life--and help you make the most of it.A few of the things you'll find inside: What vending machines can teach you about effective user interfaces A deeper understanding of window and dialog management Why performance optimization can be so counterintuitive A peek at the underbelly of COM objects and the Visual C++ compiler Key details about backwards compatibility--what Windows does and why Windows program security holes most developers don't know about How to make your program a better Windows citizen
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Partial Resistance to Fusarium Root Rot and Wilt Caused by Fusarium graminearum in Field Pea

Fusarium root rot, caused by a complex of Fusarium spp. , is a major disease of field pea (Pisum sativum). The development of genetic resistance is the most promising approach to manage the disease, but no pea germplasm has been identified that is completely resistant to root rot. The aim of this study was to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring partial resistance to root rot and wilting, caused by five fungal isolates representing Fusarium solani, F. avenaceum, F. acuminatum, F. proliferatum, and F. graminearum. Evaluation of the root rot-tolerant cultivar “00-2067” and susceptible cultivar “Reward” was carried out with the five species. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the mean root rot values of the two cultivars inoculated with the F. avenaceum (F4A) and F. graminearum (FG2) isolates. Therefore, in the QTL study, the F8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from “Reward” × “00-2067” was inoculated in the greenhouse (4 ×) with only F4A and FG2. The parents and F8 population were genotyped using 13.2K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 222 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A significant genotypic effect (p < 0.05) and high heritability (79% to 92.1%) were observed for disease severity, vigor, and plant height following inoculation with F4A and FG2. Significant correlation coefficients were detected among and within all traits. This suggested that a high proportion of the genetic variance was transmitted from the parents to the progeny. However, no significant QTL (LOD > 3) were detected for the RILs inoculated with F4A. In the case of the RILs inoculated with FG2, 5 QTL for root rot severity and 3 QTL each for vigor and plant height were detected. The most stable QTL for plant height (Hgt-Ps3.1) was detected on Chrom5/LGIII. The two most stable QTL for partial resistance to FG2, Fg-Ps4.1, and Fg-Ps4.2 were located in a 15.1-cM and 11.2-cM genomic region, respectively, on Chrom4/LGIV. The most stable QTL for vigor (Vig-Ps4.1) was found in the same region. Twenty-five major and moderate effect digenic epistatic interactions were detected. The identified region on chrom4/LGIV could be important for resistance breeding and marker development.
A Rigid and Planar Aza-Based Ternary Anhydride for the Preparation of Cross-Linked Polyimide Membrane Displaying High CO2/CH4 Separation Performance

In this study, based on the preparation of hexaazatriphenylene-ternary-anhydride (HAT-T), polyimide membranes were prepared by reaction of 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfide (SDA), 2,2′-bis (trifluoromethyl)diaminobiphenyl (TFDB) and 5-amino-2-(4-aminophenyl) benzimidazole (PABZ). Polyimide films with a hexazobenzo structure have good film-forming properties, high molecular weight (Mn = 0.79–11.79 × 106, Mw = 1.03–16.60 × 106) and narrow molecular weight distribution (polymer dispersity index = 1.17–1.54). With the introduction of rigid HAT-T, the tensile strength and elongation at break of polyimide films are 195.63–510.37 MPa and 4.00–9.70%, respectively, with excellent mechanical properties. The gas separation performance test shows that hexaazatriphenylene-containing polyimide films have good gas selectivity for CO2/CH4. In particular, the separation performance of PIc-t (6FDA/PABZ/HAT-T) surpasses the “2008 Robeson Upper Bound”. The selectivity of 188.43 for CO2/CH4 gas reveals its potential value in the separation and purification of methane gas.
A highly efficient plant regeneration of Begonia rex Putz. by direct organogenesis of leaf explants

ABSTRACT An in vitro culture system for achieving high-efficiency regeneration of Begonia rex Putz. was optimised. Leaf explants of B. rex were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in combination with or without various concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA) to assess callus and direct bud induction. The highest mean number of direct bud organogenesis (23.20) per leaf explant was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1.00 mg L−1 NAA + 1.00 mg L−1 BA. Compared with direct regeneration, the rate of indirect bud organogenesis was very low and varied from 0.33 ± 0.33 to 2.25 ± 0.64 in PGR-free (free of plant growth regulators) medium and MS supplemented with 1.50 mg L−1 BA. Single shoots were excised and transferred to proliferation of bud medium. The highest bud proliferation (12.00 ± 1.15 bud per single shoot) was observed in medium supplemented with 0.50 mg L−1 BA. The developed shoots were rooted on PGR-free MS medium with 100% efficiency. Finally, the rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatised into plastic pots that contained pre-autoclaved perlite and peat moss (1:1).
Summary of submarine rescue and lifesaving equipment

Submarine rescue and lifesaving is complex system engineering. In the new situation of advocating three dimension rescue, it is only when various submarine rescue and lifesaving equipments are cooperated in harmony, availed themselves of advantage, that they can really satisfy the requirement. In this paper, the classification of submarine rescue and lifesaving equipment is discussed, as well as the technology analysis and analogy of DSRV.
Performance experiment of a reflection flow annular combustor with slinger

An experimental study on performance of a slinger annular combustor was performed at various slinger rotary speeds.The experimental results show that it has a higher total pressure recovery coefficient and a narrow lean blowoff limit.The outlet temperature distribution factor is less than 0.3,and combustion efficiency is above 0.99. The experimental results provide technical support for this kinds of combustor design and development.
Model predictive control for parallel hybrid electric vehicles with potential real-time capability

The control strategy of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) plays an important role in the fuel economy and emission performance. This paper presents a model predictive control (MPC) torque-split strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicle powertrains based on a simplified first-order diesel engine transient model. A torque request prediction method based on the driver’s accelerator pedal is presented for the MPC strategy. With consideration of the motor’s compensation to the engine’s dynamic torque response delay, the optimization constraints and objectives were designed with the non-linear HEV torque-split problem simplified to a linear programming problem. In the simulation the MPC torque-split strategy, which is potentially real-time-capable, operates in less than 150 ms. Simulation results show that the MPC strategy can improve the fuel economy by 2.5% compared with a rule-based strategy.
Investigation of the Response of onion (Allium Cepa L.) to continuous deficit irrigation as smart approaches to crop irrigation under Mediterranean conditions

Water is a crucial resource for food production and its scarcity associated with frequent droughts has increased the need for a more efficient use of it along with new irrigation management technologies. This study addressed onion crop responses to continuous deficit irrigation with trigging thresholds of readily available water content. The experiment was conducted on an experimental plot in open field in Morocco. Three water regimes were applied T1 control (100%), T2 (75%) and T3 (50%) of crop evapotranspiration ETc combined with two trigging thresholds (10% and 5%). This is a complete random block device with four repetitions. The measurements concerned the monitoring of vegetative, Eco physiological and yield parameters. The results obtained show that: (i) 100% ETc irrigation at a threshold of 5% of RAW recorded the maximum bulb diameter and weight, thus achieving the best marketable bulb yields. However, in terms of yields, this treatment is not significantly different from the other irrigation regimes with the exception of the irrigated treatment at 50% daily ETc and at a threshold of 10% RAW. The latter recorded the lowest values in terms of production parameters. (ii) For the ecophysiological parameters, significant effects of irrigation dose were observed for proline content, stomatal conductance and leaf temperature, and the effect of the trigging threshold was clearly observed for the moisture content of the leaves. (iii) Water restrictions have minimized the rate of premature run and population density of Thrips tabaci in the onion. (iv) Finally, the best agronomic efficiencies in the use of irrigation water were recorded in treatments with a water restriction of 50%.
Developing an integrated decision support system for an oil refinery.

This thesis considers the problem of residue upgrading operations in an oil refinery. Visbreaking is a residue-upgrading process that improves profitability of a refinery. The economics of converting the heavy residue into the lighter and more valuable streams, coupled with the installation of a modem visbreaker unit at the Engen Refinery in Durban, provides sufficient motives to develop a mathematical model to simulate the unit's capability and estimate the economics of the visbreaking process and fuel oil operations. Furthermore, the proposed model should provide a crude-dependent visbreaking yield that can be used in the refinery's global linear programme (LP), employed to evaluate and select the crude and to optimise refinery's operations. Traditionally, kinetically based models have been used to simulate and study the refining reaction processes. In this case, due to the complexity of the process and some unknown reactions, the performances of existing visbreaking simulators are not fully satisfactory. Consequently, a neural network model of the visbreaking process and fuel oil blending operation is developed. The proposed model is called the adaptive visbreaker paradigm, since it is formed using neuroengineering, a technique that fabricates empirically-based neural network models. The network operates in supervised mode to predict the visbreaking yields and the residue quality. It was observed that due to the fluctuation in the quality of feedstock, and plant operating conditions, the prediction accuracy of the model needs to be improved. To improve the system's predictability, a network reciprocation procedure has been devised. Network reciprocation is a mechanism that controls and selects the input data used in the training of a neural network system. Implementation of the proposed procedure results in a considerable improvement in the performance of the network.
Intensity Analysis of Large Skip Based on Discrete Element and Finite Element Method

Based on the discrete element method, material accumulation model of the skip designed by the coal mine equipment factory is built and the load of the skip bucket box is obtained. Loading the results into the finite element modeling tools and the wall stress change of the skip bucket can be analyzed, and also the improvement of the large skip structure will be provided for the designer.
Development of BOTDR distributed optical fiber sensor

Distributed optic fiber sensors based on BOTDR will be widely used in military systems and large-scale civil projects.In this paper,the principle of BOTDR distributed optic fiber sensor is illustrated,and several different sensors using BOTDR are introduced in detail.At last the disadvantages and advantages are analyzed.The results show that BOTDR with microwave heterodyne detection has higher sensitivity and lower east.
Automatic Eligibility of Sellers in an Online Marketplace: A Case Study of Amazon Algorithm

Purchase processes on Amazon Marketplace begin at the Buy Box, which represents the buy click process through which numerous sellers compete. This study aimed to estimate empirically the relevant seller characteristics that Amazon could consider featuring in the Buy Box. To that end, 22 product categories from Italy’s Amazon web page were studied over a ten-month period, and the sellers were analyzed through their products featured in the Buy Box. Two different experiments were proposed and the results were analyzed using four classification algorithms (a neural network, random forest, support vector machine, and C5.0 decision trees) and a rule-based classification. The first experiment aimed to characterize sellers unspecifically by predicting their change at the Buy Box. The second one aimed to predict which seller would be featured in it. Both experiments revealed that the customer experience and the dynamics of the sellers’ prices were important features of the Buy Box. Additionally, we proposed a set of default features that Amazon could consider when no information about sellers was available. We also proposed the possible existence of a relationship or composition among important features that could be used for sellers to be featured in the Buy Box.
Harnessing the power of the 'Massive': an innovative approach to participation, digital citizenship and open learning on-line.

In January 2015, the London School of Economics and Political Science (UK) launched an innovative civic engagement project, which aimed to crowd source the United Kingdom Constitution. One of the key intentions of the project was to leverage and magnify the power of the community and the ‘massive’ in order to empower participants to engage in debate, identify solutions and come to a common agreement about the need for and the content of a UK Constitution. Involving over 1500 participants and generating tens of thousands of on-line interactions that increased as opposed to decreased over the 14 week duration of the ‘course’, Crowd Sourcing the UK Constitution challenged some of the dominant paradigms of Massive Open On-line Learning. We will present the findings arising from a critical evaluation of the project and pose a number of questions that emerged from both our engagement with the project and from the participants themselves centred on enhancing the effectiveness of a pedagogical design to harness the power of the massive, a large community of engaged participants working together in order to solve a problem, effect change or develop capacity.
The Influence of the Trend, Basin Interactions, and Ocean Dynamics on Tropical Ocean Prediction

The trend, connections between tropical ocean basins and dynamical processes on sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH) forecast skill are investigated using a linear inverse model (LIM) framework. The warming trend has a strong influence on 6‐month SST forecast skill in the Indian Ocean, Western Pacific, and north tropical Atlantic, but little effect on El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) prediction. ENSO strongly impacts the SST forecast skill in all three ocean basins including most of the Indian Ocean and the north tropical Atlantic. Without interactions with the Indian Ocean, the 6‐month SST forecast skill is substantially reduced in the western tropical Pacific and SSH skill decreases in the central Pacific. Atlantic and Indian Ocean interactions with the Pacific enhance ENSO forecast skill at 6–12 months leads. The Indian Ocean influences SSH in the eastern Atlantic, while the tropical Atlantic affects SST forecasts in portions of the Indian Ocean.
ZERO-VOLTAGE-SWITCHING MULTI-RESONANT THREE-LEVEL CONVERTERS

This paper proposes a family of zero-voltageswitching multi-resonant three-level converters (ZVS-MR-TLCs). A LCC multi-resonant network is added to the three-level converters to realize ZVS. The unique arrangement of a multiresonant network results in absorption of all major parasitic components in the resonant circuit, including switch output capacitance, diode junction capacitance and transformer leakage inductance. The proposed converters achieve ZVS in a wider load range, reduce the voltage stress on the switches and with a less significant filter as compared with two-level MRCs. Buck ZVS-MR-TLC is taken as the example to illustrate the operation principle, characteristics and the advantages over the traditional Buck ZVS-MRC. The experimental results are also included in this paper.
Invited) Observation of Stress Responses of Bacteria Confined in a MEMS Microfluidic Chip

This work describes the new and simple method for observing bacterial behavior of stress response such as to light irradiation in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) -based MEMS microfluidic chip. The fluorescence was observed from Legionella cells confined in small spaces among microbeads. Ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation was found to be a trigger for producing fluorescent material. Confining bacteria in the small spaces made by the MEMS technique is an effective way for investigating their stress response.
Airway Delivery of Hydrogel-Encapsulated Niclosamide for the Treatment of Inflammatory Airway Disease

Repurposing of the anthelminthic drug niclosamide was proposed as an effective treatment for inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Niclosamide may also be effective for the treatment of viral respiratory infections, such as SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza. While systemic application of niclosamide may lead to unwanted side effects, local administration via aerosol may circumvent these problems, particularly when the drug is encapsulated into small polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrospheres. In the present study, we examined whether PEG-encapsulated niclosamide inhibits the production of mucus and affects the pro-inflammatory mediator CLCA1 in mouse airways in vivo, while effects on mucociliary clearance were assessed in excised mouse tracheas. The potential of encapsulated niclosamide to inhibit TMEM16A whole-cell Cl− currents and intracellular Ca2+ signalling was assessed in airway epithelial cells in vitro. We achieved encapsulation of niclosamide in PEG-microspheres and PEG-nanospheres (Niclo-spheres). When applied to asthmatic mice via intratracheal instillation, Niclo-spheres strongly attenuated overproduction of mucus, inhibited secretion of the major proinflammatory mediator CLCA1, and improved mucociliary clearance in tracheas ex vivo. These effects were comparable for niclosamide encapsulated in PEG-nanospheres and PEG-microspheres. Niclo-spheres inhibited the Ca2+ activated Cl− channel TMEM16A and attenuated mucus production in CFBE and Calu-3 human airway epithelial cells. Both inhibitory effects were explained by a pronounced inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ signals. The data indicate that poorly dissolvable compounds such as niclosamide can be encapsulated in PEG-microspheres/nanospheres and deposited locally on the airway epithelium as encapsulated drugs, which may be advantageous over systemic application.
Modulating intrinsic functional connectivity with visual cortex using low‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Intrinsic network connectivity becomes altered in pathophysiology. Noninvasive brain stimulation can modulate pathological functional networks in an attempt to restore the inherent response. To determine its usefulness for visual‐related disorders, we developed procedures investigating repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols targeting the visual cortex on modulating connectivity associated with the visual network and default mode network (DMN).