Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemoprevention of breast cancer by targeting cyclooxygenase-2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (Review).

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) have emerged as candidate molecules that hold great promise for cancer chemoprevention. COX-2 increased expression and PPARgamma inactivation occur during mammary gland carcinogenesis. COX-2 and PPARgamma may contribute to breast cancer induction either directly or via their effects on factors known to influence tumor development, e.g., nuclear factor-kappaB and vascular endothelial growth factor. Inhibition of COX-2 or activation of PPARgamma prevents mammary carcinomas in experimental animals with little toxicity. Combinational treatment with COX-2 inhibitor and PPARgamma agonists may produce synergistic anti-tumorigenic effects without significant toxicity and, therefore, be an effective strategy to prevent human breast cancer. Establishing a relationship between COX-2 and PPARgamma in this malignancy may provide the basis for a novel chemopreventive strategy based on the modulation of both molecules simultaneously. This review evaluates experimental and epidemiological findings suggesting a possible role of COX-2 and PPARgamma in the development of human breast cancer and presents evidence substantiating their coordinated action in carcinogenesis and finally develops a rationale for the simultaneous targeting of both molecules as a potentially effective strategy to prevent breast malignancy.
Hardware-in-the-Loop Emulation of Linear Induction Motor Drive for MagLev Application

Linear induction machines are widely used in transportation systems due to their many advantages. Design and prototyping of electric machines are an expensive and time-consuming process; hardware-in-the-loop simulation provides an efficient alternative. In this paper, a field-programmable gate array-based real-time digital emulation of single-sided linear induction motor with the drive system is proposed. Implementation of the model is performed in both fixed-point using Xilinx system generator and floating-point number representations using a handwritten VHSIC Hardware Description Language code. Then, an evaluation in terms of real-time step-size and accuracy as well as hardware resource utilization is provided. The whole design was fully paralleled, which resulted in a considerable reduction of model execution time. The minimum time step of 2.3 and 0.8 μs was achieved for floating-point and fixed-point implementations, respectively. The results of the real-time simulation are verified by the experimental results as well as a 2-D finite-element simulation in JMAG software.
Low-Loss and Compact Silica-Based Athermal Arrayed Waveguide Grating Using Resin-Filled Groove

We describe our design and fabrication of a low-loss and compact 1.5%-Delta silica-based athermal arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) using a resin-filled groove. We present the theory of athermal AWG design and clarify the relationship between the AWG design parameters and the groove design required for realizing an athermal condition. We also describe approaches for reducing excess loss in the groove, which are used to optimize the groove and arrayed waveguide designs. We examine the performance of a 40-channel 100 GHz spacing athermal AWG module that employs all of the approaches. We successfully reduce the excess loss in the groove to 0.2 dB and achieve a compact chip size of 31times23 mm2 as well as sufficient optical performance and temperature insensitivity for practical use. In addition, we confirm by calculation that our approaches for excess loss reduction are also effective for an athermal AWG with a channel spacing of less than 100 GHz.
A BAC-based STS-content map spanning a 35-Mb region of human chromosome 1p35-p36.

We have devised a mapping method for rapid assembly and ordering of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones on a radiation hybrid (RH) panel, using sequence-tagged sites (STSs) and PCR. The protocol consists of two rounds of two-dimensional screening from a limited number of BACs to correspond each to an STS. In the first round, STSs are assembled in the RH bins and ordered according to PCR signals derived from 384-well microtiter plates (MTPs) in which BAC clones have been arrayed. In the second round, individual BAC clones are isolated from the MTPs to build a contig. We applied this method to a 35-Mb region spanning human chromosome 1p35-p36 and assembled 1366 BACs in 11 contigs, the longest being about 20 Mb. The working draft sequences of the human genome have been integrated into the contigs to validate the accuracy.
Effects of 3-h hypothermia after neonatal hyperthermic hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in rat models on behavioral prognosis and anatomical and histological features after growth

Abstract Objective: To clarify the effects of 3-h hypothermia on learning ability and motor function after growth, employing neonatal rat models with hyperthermic hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods: We divided all rats into three groups: N (adult rats after neonatal hyperthermic HIE without subsequent 3-h hypothermia), H (adult rats after neonatal hyperthermic HIE with subsequent 3-h hypothermia) and Sham (S) groups. We evaluated their malfunctions with the rota-rod test and the step-down passive avoidance test. We also analyzed the cerebrum width and the hippocampal CA1 area of the insulted hemisphere. Results: In the rota-rod test, the result of the N group was significantly worse than that of the S group. In the step-down passive avoidance test, the result of the N group was significantly worse than those of the S and H groups. The longest cerebrum width and the hippocampal CA1 area of the insulted hemisphere of the N group were significantly smaller than those of the S and H groups. Conclusion: Neonatal hyperthermic hypoxic-ischemic insult restricts motor function and learning ability after growth, and such neuronal malfunctions can be relieved by hypothermia for 3 h soon after neonatal HIE.
A Hybrid Method for Domain Ontology Construction from the Web

This paper describes a hybrid statistical and semantic relationships among model concepts for ontology construction. The implementation of the model, called HCHIRSIM (Hybrid Chir-Statistic and Similarity), can be adapted to any domain ontology learning from the Web. It can be viewed as a combination of information from inference view of concepts by using the CHIR-statistic method and the semantic relationships among concepts from the Web by the mutual information measure. The experiments show that our hybrid approach outperforms both purely statistical and purely semantic relationships among concepts approaches. The successful evaluation of our method with different values of the weighting parameter shows that the proposed approach can effectively construct a cancer domain ontology from unstructured text documents.
DOMAIN STRUCTURE OF PHYTOCHROME FROM Avena sativa VISUALIZED BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY *, †

Abstract— Highly purified phytochrome from A vena sativa was visualized by electron microscopy after negative staining with uranyl acetate and after rotary shadowing with platinum. The particle shape was variable in both types of specimens, but tripartite structures resembling a ‘Y’ were consistently observed. The tripartite substructure is composed of three globular domains each having a diameter of 7 to 8 nm and equally spaced in an equilateral triangle. The dimensions of the tripartite particle measured 15 nm between the centers of any two of the three particles. When phytochrome was digested with trypsin in a manner which releases the amino‐terminal globular domain from the polypeptide, the tripartite structure was lost and only small globular particles were seen. We propose that the outer particles of this tripartite structure are the amino‐terminal domains of the phytochrome dimer, and the central particle comprises the carboxyl domains of the two subunits.
An Updated Review and Meta Analysis of Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy

More than 200 cases of lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) have been reported since it was first discovered 30 years ago. Although relatively rare, LPG is clinically an important cause of nephrotic syndrome and end-stage renal disease. Mutations in the APOE gene are the leading cause of LPG. APOE mutations are an important determinant of lipid profiles and cardiovascular health in the population and can precipitate dysbetalipoproteinemia and glomerulopathy. Apolipoprotein E-related glomerular disorders include APOE2 homozygote glomerulopathy and LPG with heterozygous APOE mutations. In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the number of LPG case reports and some progress in research into the mechanism and animal models of LPG. We consequently need to update recent epidemiological studies and the molecular mechanisms of LPG. This endeavor may help us not only to diagnose and treat LPG in a more personized manner but also to better understand the potential relationship between lipids and the kidney.
Heap Garbage Collection with Reference Counting

In algorithms based on reference counting, a garbage-collection decision has to be made whenever a pointer x→ y is about to be destroyed. At this time, the node y may become dead even if y’s reference count is not zero. This is because y may belong to a piece of cyclic garbage. Some aggressive collection algorithms will put y on the list of potential garbage regardless of y’s reference count. Later a trace procedure starting from y will be initiated. Other algorithms, less aggressive, will put y on the list of potential garbage only if y’s reference count falls below a threshold, such as 3. The former approach may waste time on tracing live nodes and the latter may leave cyclic garbage uncollected indefinitely. The problem with the above two approaches (and with reference counting in general) is that it is difficult to decide if y is dead when the pointer x→ y is destroyed. We propose a new garbage-collection algorithm in which each node maintains two, rather than one, reference counters, gcount and hcount. Gcount is the number of references from the global variables and from the run-time stack. Hcount is the number of references from the heap. Our algorithm will put node y on the list of potential garbage if and only if y’s gcount becomes 0. The better prediction made by our algorithm results in more efficient garbage collectors.
Cisplatin versus Carboplatin-Based Regimens for the Treatment of Patients with Metastatic Lung Cancer. An Analysis of Veterans Health Administration Data

Background: While platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is standard of care for patients presenting with metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer, the optimal platinum agent (cisplatin versus carboplatin) is unclear. We therefore compared survival and toxicity among persons receiving these agents at Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals. Methods: We used the Veterans Affairs Central Cancer Registry to identify veterans presented between 2001 and 2008 with metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer, then selected those receiving initial platinum doublet chemotherapy. We compared survival between those receiving cisplatin and carboplatin using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and propensity score analyses to adjust for imbalances in demographics and clinical characteristics. Results: We identified 4352 eligible persons; 4061 (93%) received carboplatin. Patients treated with cisplatin were younger (median age 61 versus 63, p < 0.01) and had less comorbidities (summary comorbidity score > 2, 7.7% versus 12.8%, p = 0.01) and higher eGFR (87 versus 84 mL/min/1.73 m2). Median survival was similar for persons receiving cisplatin and carboplatin (8.1 versus 7.5 months, p = 0.54). In an adjusted survival analyses, the use of cisplatin was not associated with a better survival (hazard ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.84–1.14, p = 0.79). We performed subgroup analysis defined by histology and second agent, the hazard ratio for mortality ranged spanned 1 and none of these approached statistical significance (all p values > 0.20). Cisplatin-treated patients were more likely to have more hospitalization (1.7 versus 1.3, p < 0.01) and outpatient visits (11 versus 9.6, p < 0.01). Cisplatin-treated patient had more subsequent encounters for infection (41.6% versus 34.3%, p < 0.01) and acute kidney injury/dehydration (29.2% versus 15.5%, p < 0.01) Conclusions: Patients receiving cisplatin and carboplatin-based doublets did not have significantly different survival, but cisplatin use was associated with an increase morbidity and healthcare use.
Cloud Based Task Scheduling Using Fuzzy C-Means and Linear Programming Approach

: Cloud computing is a latest technology that deals with on-demand, online distribution of computing resources and services within managed environment on pay per use scenario. Cloud Service Provider (CSP) manages all the requests of cloud users and allocates the resources (processors) to them. Cloud service provider thus plays crucial role of scheduling the available resources to the user tasks in order to reduce overall cost (cost that end user required to pay to cloud) in user specified time. In the proposed system, cloud resources are scheduled by using linear programming as an optimization technique along with Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) as a clustering technique. Cloud user submits the batch of tasks (images for processing) through smart phone to a cloud service provider. Cloud service provider schedules these tasks among the number of resources (smart phones and processors) using FCM and linear programming. The proposed system schedules these tasks in such a way that it requires minimum cost under the time constraint given by submitter. The results of proposed scheduling strategy are compared with the results obtained by First Come First Served (FCFS) scheduling.
Characterisation and Showcasing of Network Visualisation Approaches for Command and Control

Abstract : Network Visualisation technologies are becoming more relevant in Command and Control environments to help cope with the increased complexity of defence operations. A significant number of Network Visualisation technologies are currently available so the choice of a particular approach to support specific C2 tasks can be difficult. This paper describes an approach for characterising Network Visualisation tools in terms of domains of use, what they describe and how they present information using a reference model for visualisation. The paper also introduces a novel distributed system, named Imago, which supports the characterisation, discovery, showcasing, and evaluation of Information Visualisation approaches. We argue that the methods proposed in this paper could aid the process of selecting and deploying Network Visualisation tools for Command and Control activities.
Backslopping Time, Rinsing of the Grains During Backslopping, and Incubation Temperature Influence the Water Kefir Fermentation Process

For eight backslopping steps, eight series of water kefir fermentation processes differing in backslopping time and rinsing of the grains during each backslopping step and eight series of fermentation processes differing in incubation temperature and backslopping time were followed. Short backslopping times resulted in high relative abundances of Liquorilactobacillus nagelii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, intermediate backslopping times in high relative abundances of Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, and long backslopping times in high relative abundances of Oenococcus sicerae and Dekkera bruxellensis. When the grains were rinsed during each backslopping step, the relative abundances of Lentilactobacillus hilgardii and Leuc. pseudomesenteroides increased and those of D. bruxellensis and Liql. nagelii decreased. Furthermore, rinsing of the grains during each backslopping step resulted in a slightly higher water kefir grain growth and lower metabolite concentrations. The relative abundances of Liquorilactobacillus mali were highest at 17°C, those of Leuc. pseudomesenteroides at 21 and 25°C, and those of Liql. nagelii at 29°C. With a kinetic modeling approach, the impact of the temperature and rinsing of the grains during the backslopping step on the volumetric production rates of the metabolites was determined.
Performance evaluation of stand alone solar photovoltaic system using ANFIS predicted solar radiation: An experimental case study

In South India, Tamil Nadu has enormous solar potential, because of its location on the Deccan plateau, with an annual average solar radiation ranging from 4--7 kWhm-2. This study, presents an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system ANFIS based modelling approach to predict the monthly global solar radiation MGSR in Tamil Nadu India. The statistical performance parameters on predicted and measured values validate the model. In addition, a case study was discussed on the application of predicted solar radiation for sizing of the standalone PV system design including battery and their results were observed to be satisfactory when compared with the other earth regions found in the literature. A detailed investigation on the complete standalone PV system emphasize that the performance is satisfactory from predicted solar radiation and sizing co-efficients for any geographical location and particularly in isolated sites where the global solar radiation data is not always available.
Designing fuzzy imbalanced classifier based on the subtractive clustering and Genetic Programming

In this paper, a design methodology is proposed for generating a fuzzy rule-based classifier for imbalanced datasets. The classifier is based on Sugeno-type Fuzzy Inference System. It is generated by using of subtractive clustering and Multi-Gene Genetic Programming to obtain fuzzy rules. The subtractive clustering is utilized for producing the antecedents of rules and Multi-Gene Genetic Programming is employed for generating the functions in the consequence parts of rules. Feature selection is utilized as an important pre-processing step for dimension reduction. Experiments are performed with 8 datasets from KEEL. The comparison results reveal that the proposed classifier outperforms the other methods.
Pathways of Youth Development in a Rural Trailer Park

Limited empirical documentation exists for the developmental pathways available to rural youth growing up in low-resource community settings. Drawing on ethnographic data, this article examines the developmental pathways experienced by youth in a rural trailer park. Findings reveal how various factors, some inherent to working poor class status and others unique to trailer park residence and small town community, challenge youth's access to a pathway offering broader life chances.
BASELINE ESTIMATION ALGORITHM WITH BLOCK ADJUSTMENT FOR MULTI-PASS DUAL-ANTENNA INSAR

Baseline parameters and interferometric phase offset need to be estimated accurately, for they are key parameters in processing of InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar). If adopting baseline estimation algorithm with single pass, it needs large quantities of ground control points to estimate interferometric parameters for mosaicking multiple passes dual-antenna airborne InSAR data that covers large areas. What’s more, there will be great difference between heights derived from different passes due to the errors of estimated parameters. So, an estimation algorithm of interferometric parameters with block adjustment for multi-pass dual-antenna InSAR is presented to reduce the needed ground control points and height’s difference between different passes. The baseline estimation experiments were done with multi-pass InSAR data obtained by Chinese dual-antenna airborne InSAR system. Although there were less ground control points, the satisfied results were obtained, as validated the proposed baseline estimation algorithm.
Integration and maturation of newborn neurons in the adult olfactory bulb – from synapses to function

In adult mammals, thousands of new neurons integrate in the olfactory bulb (OB) each day. This process of adult neurogenesis has received a great deal of scientific attention aimed at understanding how mature neural networks withstand neuronal replacement, and medical interest to explore the promise that these cells may be manipulated for brain repair therapies. In the present review, we focus on the mechanisms and consequences of the functional integration of newborn interneurons in the OB network. We first describe the steps of synaptic integration and functional maturation of adult‐born interneurons in the OB. We then examine the physiological control of cell maturation and survival. Finally, we explore the potential impact of adult neurogenesis on the function of the OB.
Transcriptional regulation of IL‐8 by iron chelator in human epithelial cells is independent from NF‐κB but involves ERK1/2‐ and p38 kinase‐dependent activation of AP‐1

We have shown that the bacterial iron chelator, deferoxamine (DFO), triggers inflammatory signals including the production of CXC chemokine IL‐8, in human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) by activating the ERK1/2 and p38 kinase pathways. In this study we investigated the mechanisms involved in IL‐8 generation by DFO, focusing on the transcription factors involved and the roles of both mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in the transcription factor activation. Treatment of human epithelial HT‐29 cells with DFO markedly up‐regulated the expression of the essential components of the transcription factor AP‐1 at a transcriptional level, while it minimally affected the expression of the NF‐κB subunits. DFO also induced AP‐1‐dependent transcriptional activity in HT‐29 cells, and this activity was further augmented by the wild‐type c‐Jun transfection. In contrast, the AP‐1 activity by DFO was markedly decreased by the dominant‐negative c‐Jun transfection. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that DFO increases the specific binding of AP‐1 but not of NF‐κB. Such AP‐1 binding and transcriptional activities were blocked by the inhibitors of the ERK1/2 and p38 kinase pathways, suggesting that both mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) lie upstream of AP‐1. Besides its action on AP‐1, DFO also induced the specific binding of other transcription factors such as CREB and Egr‐1. In summary, our results indicate that iron chelator‐induced IL‐8 generation in IECs involves activation of ERK1/2 and p38 kinase and downstream activation of AP‐1. A possible link between iron status and two additional transcription factors, that is, CREB and Egr‐1, rather than NF‐κB, was also suggested. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 1442–1457, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High-speed explicit nonlinear model predictive control

In this paper a circuit-oriented approximate solution to an explicit nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) problem is proposed, based on piecewise-affine functions defined over simplicial domain partitions. The resulting controller is suitable for circuit implementation in programmable devices, such as microcontrollers or FPGA, enabling the application of NMPC to systems with low sampling times. The proposed approach is validated through hardware-in-the-loop simulations.