Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zero-Sequence Current Suppression with Dead-Time Compensation Control in Open-End Winding PMSM

In this paper, the zero-sequence current control method by dead-time control is proposed. When controlling the open-end winding PMSM with zero-sequence voltage eliminated voltage vectors, there is not a method to suppress the zero-sequence current caused by the dead time effect. Although attempting to reduce this effect through the general dead time compensation method, it is impossible to suppress zero-sequence current due to dead-time non-linearity ideally. Therefore, in this paper, the proposed method uses not only general dead-time compensation but also active control of dead time compensation for generating controllable zero-sequence voltage. A simulation is conducted to implement the proposed method. Furthermore, it is verified by experiments using 2.1kW open-end winding PMSM in the low power that has severe dead time non-linearity and rated power.
A Novel Hybrid Modulation For Photovoltaic Three-Level T-type Inverter To Simultaneously Eliminate Neutral-Point Voltage Ripple And Interact With Maximum Power Point Tracking Process

Nowadays, the three-level T-type inverters are extensively applied for photovoltaic (PV) generation systems. The neutral-point voltage of the T-type inverter may is subjected to low-frequency oscillation which causes output current distortion and disrupts the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) process of PV panels. In this paper, a new hybrid modulation is proposed to suppress the neutral-point voltage oscillation and control the average neutral-point voltage simultaneously. Consequently, the dc-side capacitors of the inverter are selected smaller and film capacitors can be replaced with electrolytic capacitors to increase the lifetime of the inverter. Moreover, the average neutral-point voltage is controlled to interact with the MPPT process. The experimental tests have been accomplished to prove the effectiveness of proposed modulation.
Analytical Modelling and Resilient Operation Design for Capacitor Voltage Ascent in MMC Distributed Control System with Communication Interruption

Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) in HVDC applications usually adopt a distributed control architecture to manage enormous sub-modules (SMs) through a communication network. The communication congestion and network disconnection befell during the data exchange lead to communication interruption (CI) and eventually cause the system malfunction. An analysis of the influence of CI to the MMC system output current and the SM capacitor voltage is presented. A resilient operation strategy is proposed which ensures the MMC system stable operation during CI fault. The analysis indicates that the insertion index of the fault SM becomes constant with the presence of CI. The constant insertion index, in some way, distorts the output current and makes the fault SM operating in a critical condition. The proposed resilient operation method retrieves the SM power balance by utilizing pre-stored phase signals to generate the sinusoidal insertion index. Good agreement of the capacitor voltage deviation after CI has been achieved between the theoretical and experimental results. The proposed resilient operation method is verified that it significantly reduces the impacts introduced by CI.
Analytical Model and Performance Prediction of Induction Motors using Subdomain Technique

In this paper, the magnetic vector potential (MVP) equations are solved for a 5.5-kW radial-flux induction machine (RFIM) in five subdomains. The proposed modeling technique considers a uniform distribution of the current density in the rectangular slots of both rotor and stator. The RFIM is represented using a 2D model in the cylindrical coordinate system. The magnetic flux distribution in each region which is used to calculate the core losses and the machine inductances for the steady state analysis of the machine. T-equivalent circuit (T-EC) is considered to study the machine performance parameters. The rotor and stator resistances are calculated based on the geometry of the machine. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the model in prediction of the airgap flux density. The comparison of the machine performance parameters with the 2D FEA results demonstrate the reliability of the analytical model in the prediction of the machine behavior at the rated condition.
Internal Energy Balance of a Modular Multilevel Cascade Converter Based on Chopper-Cells With Distributed Energy Resources for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

This paper presents the internal energy balance of a modular multilevel cascade converter with photovoltaic arrays as distributed energy resources. This converter is characterized by a modular arm structure composed of bidirectional cascaded chopper cells with floating DC capacitors, where each cell is connected to a photovoltaic array through a DC/DC converter. A continuous model and a control method are proposed to maintain the internal energy balance and achieve independent voltage control of all the floating DC capacitors, allowing the tracking of the maximum power point for each photovoltaic array. The operation with asymmetric energy generation at different levels of irradiance is discussed to maintain the internal energy balance without distortions in the DC link and AC output currents, focusing on the operation with individual cells with zero energy generated from PV array. This topology and control method is suitable for hybrid multi-terminal high voltage DC systems and hybrid generation systems, such as wind-solar energy systems. Experiments are presented to validate the proposed model and control method.
LATICS: A Low-Overhead Adaptive Task-Based Intermittent Computing System

Energy harvesting promises to power billions of Internet-of-Things devices without being restricted by battery life. The energy output of harvesters is typically tiny and highly unstable, so the computing system must store program states into nonvolatile memory frequently to preserve the execution progress in the presence of frequent power failures. Task-based intermittent computing is a promising paradigm to provide such capability, where each task executes atomically and only states across task boundaries need to be saved. This article presents LATICS, a low-overhead adaptive task-based intermittent computing system, which dynamically decides the granularity of atomic execution to avoid unnecessarily frequent state saving when energy supply is sufficient. The novel feature of LATICS is to drastically reduce the amount of states to be saved at task boundaries compared with existing solutions. Notably, we disclose that skipping state saving at some task boundary may cause the system to store more states at other places, and thus leads to higher overall overhead. Therefore, LATICS enforces mandatory state saving at certain task boundaries regardless of the current energy condition to reduce state saving overhead. We implement LATICS on a real energy-harvesting platform based on MSP430 and experimentally compare against the state-of-the-art under different settings. The experimental results show that LATICS significantly reduces state saving overhead and improves execution efficiency compared to existing solutions.
In-circuit Shoot-through-based Characterization of SiC MOSFET TSEP Curves for Junction Temperature Estimation

Junction temperature estimation for power electronics devices is gaining more importance every day. It enables predictive maintenance and full exploitation of the power handling capability of both traditional and wide band-gap devices. The on-state voltage is known to be a good Temperature-Sensitive Electrical Parameter (TSEP), especially for MOSFETs. The main issue in its use is the need to characterize the voltage-temperature-current relationship on a per-device basis (calibration) in a controlled environment, which increases the cost for the final application.This paper presents a novel automatic calibration procedure. It builds on the innovative controlled shoot-through technique, introduced by the authors. This allows to precisely control the self-heating power of the switch and let the current flow through the device in a controlled way, even in the absence of load, provided that a half-bridge circuit is used. A specific algorithm is presented to build the voltage-temperature characteristic curve directly in-circuit and without any load connected at the bridge output. This novel technique is compared to the traditional one, relying on device characterization in a thermal chamber.
Research on 11kW Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicle Based on LCC-SP Topology and Current Doubler

In this paper, an 11kW wireless charging system based on LCC-SP compensation topology is established, in which a rectifier control with the current doubler is adopted. The impedance characteristics of LCC-SP topology are analyzed. The equivalent impedance of the current doubler is derived by Fourier decomposition of the rectifier current, and then the compensation parameters of LCC-SP are modified according to the derived equivalent circuit. Furtherly, the closed-loop control strategy of the system is proposed by establishing the small-signal model of the current doubler. Simulation and experimental results verified the analysis and validity of the proposed system. Finally, an 11kW wireless charging prototype for electric vehicles is built, and 91.6% efficiency from dc power source to load is achieved.
A Single Stage 1.65kW AC-DC LLC Converter with Power Factor Correction (PFC) for On-Board Charger (OBC) Application

A single stage 1.65kW AC-DC LLC converter with Power Factor Correction (PFC) for OBC application is proposed. A boost inductor is not required since the LLC converter serves as both the AC-DC and DC-DC stage which provides all the functions of rectification, PFC, output voltage regulation and galvanic isolation. A design methodology is proposed in this paper to maintain the output voltage regulation and PFC over the entire AC input voltage range from zero to peak voltage. Benefiting from the true-single-stage structure, the quantity of active switches and magnetic components is reduced. Therefore, high power density and high efficiency can be achieved with an overall reduction in the number of components. An experimental prototype is designed based on the LLC PFC design methodology. Stable DC output voltage regulation is implemented with over 99% Power Factor. Experimental testing is conducted which achieves over 2.9kW/L power density and 96.9% overall efficiency.
Polarization Independent Unidirectional Scattering With Turnstile Nanoantennas

We study the scattering behavior of a dielectric cross-dipole nanoantenna in the near-infrared spectral range when it is excited by a circular polarized plane wave. We theoretically demonstrate, for optimized geometrical parameters of the proposed turnstile structure, the possibility to simultaneously obtain a unidirectional scattering and a specific circular polarization of the scattered field. Our results open new functionalities for metamaterials and optical nanoantennas.
Development of Indonesian Language Speech Recognition Algorithm Model in Knowledge Database

Research on humanoid robots in Indonesia is developing very rapidly, marked by research on humanoid robots having the ability to learn independently using Indonesian and vocabulary to receive and provide responses from humans based on Natural Language Processing. The general objective of research focuses on speech recognition systems to be able to interact with people naturally. Humanoid robots must be able to consider the question style and infer answers through automated, unreliable conversations in noisy environments. In development, there are still shortcomings that is if the answer is not in the knowledge base, the robot will look for the context that is most similar to the knowledge base, instead of giving an answer, the robot gives an answer ‘not found’. Sometimes, the wrong answer will be displayed because the cosine value between the question and the wrong answer is influenced by the same context, that the truth is not the actual answer. Based on these problems, this study was conducted with the aim of producing structured data and information knowledge according to the topic of the question, producing knowledge storage designs, optimizing models based on design and knowing the performance of knowledge representation storage models. Based on these objectives, this research will design algorithms and modeling representation of Indonesian language knowledge that will be applied to humanoid robots. The expected output is an algorithm design and storage of knowledge representation on humanoid robots.
A Novel Asymmetric Rotor Interior PM Machine with Hybrid-layer PMs

This paper proposes a novel asymmetric interior permanent magnet (AIPM) rotor topology featured by the hybrid-layer permanent magnets (PMs) placed in the trident cavity in each pole, namely, one part of the rotor PM topology is one layer while the other part has two layers. This asymmetric rotor topology utilizes the magnetic-field-shifting (MFS) effect for torque enhancement by reducing the current angle difference between maximum PM and reluctance torque components, thereby effectively increasing the maximum resultant torque. The proposed AIPM topology and a conventional V-shape interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine are designed with the same stator, rotor diameters and PM usage for comparison. The influences of key rotor geometric parameters on maximum torque and open-circuit performance are investigated and optimal machine designs are obtained. The electromagnetic performances of the proposed AIPM and the conventional IPM are compared, which confirms the significant torque enhancement and torque ripple reduction of the proposed AIPM and reveals that the increase of torque is mainly achieved by MFS effect.
Performance Analysis of Grid-Connected Six-Switch Current Source Inverter Under Different Switching Strategies

Six-Switch current source inverter (CSI) is a promising unidirectional DC-AC power conversion topology deduced from the reversed structure of the very sparse matrix rectifier. This latter is a single-stage boost-type inverter suitable for grid-connected applications as it provides active power injection from renewable energy sources into the AC grid. This paper investigates the performance of three different soft-switching strategies for three-phase six-switch grid-connected CSI. These strategies are analyzed in terms of the number of switching transitions, DC-link current ripple, average global value of the conduction and switching power losses, as well as, the quality of the injected grid-currents. The proposed evaluation is based on both, theoretical analysis and computer simulations. A comparative study is, commonly, established and the optimum modulation strategies are selected.
Differences in the Uncanny Valley between Head-Mounted Displays and Monitors

The uncanny valley describes a relationship between the degree of the emotional response with respect to a character’s resemblance to an actual human being. It has been a topic for several decades and has been discussed by scholars of different disciplines and in various aspects such as robotics, 3D computer animations, interactive applications, and even lifelike dolls. With the increasing popularity of photo-realistic computer animation and telepresence applications, we are more and more exposed to characters that might be affected by the uncanny valley effect. Recent research suggests that the output medium, such as a monitor or head-mounted display, can have a significant effect on how we perceive given visualizations. In relation to the uncanny valley, we observe a similar effect in our study: characters appear significantly more eerie as well as humanlike when watched on a head-mounted virtual reality headset instead of a monitor. The amplification we see is similar to the findings that the uncanny valley effect is more pronounced when the respective characters are in motion.
Fission product data for thermal reactors. Final report. Part I. A data set for EPRI-CINDER using ENDF/B-IV

A four-group fission-product neutron absorption library, appropriate for use in thermal reactors, is described. All decay parameters are taken from ENDF/B-IV. The absorption cross sections are also processed from ENDF/B-IV files, first into a 154-group set and subsequently collapsed into the 4-group set described in this report. The decay and cross section data were used to form 84 linear chains in the CINDER code format. These chains contain all significant fission products having half-lives exceeding 4 hours--a total of 186 nuclides. A 12-chain set containing one pseudo-chain for use in spatial depletion calculations is described. This set accurately reproduces the aggregate absorption buildup of the 84 chains. This report describes the chains and processed data, results of comparison calculations for various fuels, and a comparison of calculated temporal fission-product absorption buildup with corresponding results from a long-term fuel irradiation and cooling integral experiment.
Zinc Gallium Oxide—A Review from Synthesis to Applications

Spinel ZnGa2O4 has received significant attention from researchers due to its wide bandgap and high chemical and thermal stability; hence, paving the way for it to have potential in various applications. This review focuses on its physical, optical, mechanical and electrical properties, contributing to the better understanding of this material. The recent trends for growth techniques and processing in the research and development of ZnGa2O4 from bulk crystal growth to thin films are discussed in detail for device performance. This material has excellent properties and is investigated widely in deep-ultraviolet photodetectors, gas sensors and phosphors. In this article, effects of substrate temperature, annealing temperature, oxygen partial pressure and zinc/gallium ratio are discussed for device processing and fabrication. In addition, research progress and future outlooks are also identified.
LiDAR-Camera Calibration Using Line Correspondences

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to estimate the extrinsic parameters between a LiDAR and a camera. Our method is based on line correspondences between the LiDAR point clouds and camera images. We solve the rotation matrix with 3D–2D infinity point pairs extracted from parallel lines. Then, the translation vector can be solved based on the point-on-line constraint. Different from other target-based methods, this method can be performed simply without preparing specific calibration objects because parallel lines are commonly presented in the environment. We validate our algorithm on both simulated and real data. Error analysis shows that our method can perform well in terms of robustness and accuracy.
Potential Second-Hits in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that presents with telangiectases in skin and mucosae, and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in internal organs such as lungs, liver, and brain. Mutations in ENG (endoglin), ACVRL1 (ALK1), and MADH4 (Smad4) genes account for over 95% of HHT. Localized telangiectases and AVMs are present in different organs, with frequencies which differ among affected individuals. By itself, HHT gene heterozygosity does not account for the focal nature and varying presentation of the vascular lesions leading to the hypothesis of a “second-hit” that triggers the lesions. Accumulating research has identified a variety of triggers that may synergize with HHT gene heterozygosity to generate the vascular lesions. Among the postulated second-hits are: mechanical trauma, light, inflammation, vascular injury, angiogenic stimuli, shear stress, modifier genes, and somatic mutations in the wildtype HHT gene allele. The aim of this review is to summarize these triggers, as well as the functional mechanisms involved.
Seeking consent for organ donation: Process evaluation of implementing a new Specialist Requester nursing role.

AIM To explain the differences in organ donation consent outcomes of a new nursing role (Specialist Requesters) derived from the United States (US) compared with the existing nursing role (Specialist Nurses in Organ Donation). DESIGN Thirty-month observational qualitative process evaluation: Implementation theory-informed analysis. METHODS Qualitative content analysis of free text describing challenges, processes and practice from 996 bespoke routinely collected potential organ donor 'approach forms' from two regions: one where there was no difference, and one with an observed difference in consent outcomes. RESULTS Region A consent rate: Specialist Requester 75.8%, Specialist Nurse in Organ Donation71.8%. Region B consent rate: Specialist Requester 71.4%, Specialist Nurse in Organ Donation 82%. Region A Specialist Requesters turned the family position from no or uncertain to support organ donation in 73% of cases, compared with 27.4% in Region B. Two Specialist Requesters in Region A were highly effective. Region B experienced problems with intervention fidelity and implementation. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of the Specialist Requester role remain unclear. Positive differences in consent rates achieved by Specialist Requesters in the originator region reduced over time and have yet to be successfully replicated in other regions. IMPACT The impact of Specialist Requesters on consent outcomes varied across regions and it was not known why. Specialist Requesters in Region A were better at getting family member(s) to support organ donation. In Region B, Specialist Nurse in Organ Donation consent rates were higher and problems with intervention fidelity were identified (recruitment, staffing, less experience). Policy makers need to understand it is not just a matter of waiting for the Specialist Requester intervention to work. Ongoing training and recruiting the right people with the right skills need to be addressed and consistently reviewed.
Brachial Plexus Injury Significantly Increases Risk of Axillosubclavian Vessel Injury in Blunt Trauma Patients With Clavicle Fractures

Background A national analysis of clavicle fractures is lacking and the risk of concomitant axillosubclavian vessel injury (ASVI) in patients with clavicle fractures is unknown. A minority of patients may have a combined brachial plexus injury (BPI). We sought to describe risk factors for concomitant ASVI in patients with a clavicle fracture; hypothesizing patients with combined clavicle fracture and BPI has a higher risk of ASVI. Methods The Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2010-2016) was queried for blunt trauma patients with a clavicle fracture. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine risk factors for ASVI. A subset analysis on patients with isolated clavicle fractures was additionally performed. Results From 59 198 patients with clavicle fractures, 341 (.6%) had concomitant ASVI. Compared to patients without ASVI, patients with ASVI had a higher median injury severity score (24 vs. 17, P < .001) and rates of pulmonary contusions (43.4% vs. 37.7%, P = .029) and BPI (18.2% vs. .4%, P < .001). After controlling for associated chest wall injuries and humerus fracture, the BPI odds ratio (OR 49.17, 35.59-67.92, P < .001) was independently associated with risk for ASVI. In a subset analysis of isolated clavicle fractures, BPI remained associated with risk of ASVI (OR 60.01, confidence intervals 25.29-142.39, P < .001). Conclusion The rate of concomitant ASVI in patients with a clavicle fracture is <1%. Patients presenting with a clavicle fracture had a high rate of injuries including pulmonary contusion. Patients with findings suggestive of underlying BPI had a nearly 50 times increased associated risk of ASVI. Thus, a detailed physical exam in this setting including brachial-brachial index appears warranted.