Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Cloning and the Expression Profile of Vitellogenin in Relation to Tissue and Food Source in Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Abstract Vitellogenin proteins (Vgs) are precursors of the major egg yolk proteins in many oviparous vertebrates and invertebrates. Here we cloned the full-length cDNA of the Vg gene of Apolygus lucorum, an omnivorous mirid bug that feeds on various agricultural crops and small insects. The gene has 6,131 base pairs (bp) with an open reading frame (ORF) of 5,988 bp, encoding a protein with 1,996 amino acids, with molecular mass 218.3 kDa and isoelectric point 9.02. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Vg gene has a high similarity with that in Hemiptera insects and was most closely related to the rice leaf bug, Trigonotylus caelestialium. The expression of Vg gene was significantly higher in the fat body than in other tissues in females (ovary, hemolymph, gut, and malpighian tubule). Vg gene expression was extremely low in newly emerged adult females and increased with age. The effect of different food sources on the expression level of Vg in adult females was investigated after they were fed on green bean pods (Gb), H. armigera eggs (He), or a combination of green bean pods and H. armigera eggs (GbHe). The results showed that transcript level of Vg gene in females was significantly higher on the GbHe diet than on Gb or He. Our results demonstrate that A. lucorum can acquire nutrients from both plant and animal origin food sources, and the combined food sources significantly facilitated Vg synthesis.
Development a quantitative segmentation model to assess the effect of comorbidity on patients with COVID-19

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought a global disaster. Quantitative lesions may provide the radiological evidence of the severity of pneumonia and further to assess the effect of comorbidity on patients with COVID-19.Methods: 294 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled from February, 24, 2020 to June, 1, 2020 from six centers. Multi-task Unet network was used to segment the whole lung and lesions from chest CT images. This deep learning method was pre-trained in 650 CT images (550 in primary dataset and 100 in test dataset) with COVID-19 or community acquired pneumonia and Dice coefficients in test dataset were calculated. 50 CT scans of 50 patients (15 with comorbidity and 35 without comorbidity) were random selected to mark lesions manually. The results will be compared with the automatic segmentation model. Eight quantitative parameters were calculated based on the segmentation results to evaluate the effect of comorbidity on patients with COVID-19.Results: Quantitative segmentation model was proved to be effective and accurate with all Dice coefficients more than 0.85 and all accuracies more than 0.95. Of the 294 patients, 52 (17.7%) patients were reported having at least one comorbidity, 14 (4.8%) having more than one comorbidity. Patients with any comorbidity were older (P<0.001), had longer incubation period (P<0.001), were more likely to have abnormal laboratory findings (P<0.05) and be in severity status (P<0.001). More lesions (including larger volume of lesion, consolidation and ground-glass opacity) were shown in patients with any comorbidity than patients without comorbidity (all P<0.001). More lesions were found on CT images in patients with more comorbidities. The median volumes of lesion, consolidation and ground-glass opacity in diabetes mellitus group were largest among the groups with single comorbidity that had the incidence rate of top three.Conclusions: Multi-task Unet network can make quantitative CT analysis of lesions to assess the effect of comorbidity on patients with COVID-19, further to provide the radiological evidence of the severity of pneumonia. More lesions (including GGO and consolidation) were found in CT images of cases with comorbidity. The more comorbidities patients have, the more lesions CT images show.
Evaluating Multiple Domains of Health in High School Athletes With Sport-Related Concussion.

CONTEXT Concussions are shown to hinder multiple health dimensions, including health-related quality of life (HRQOL), suggesting a need for a whole-person approach to assessment and treatment. Patient-reported outcome measures are one method to gather the patient's perspective regarding their HRQOL. OBJECTIVE To evaluate perceived HRQOL using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric-25 subscale in patients throughout concussion recovery. DESIGN Prospective cohort, descriptive survey. SETTING There were 9 high school athletic training facilities. PARTICIPANTS A total of 70 patients with diagnosed concussions (51 males, 7 females, 12 unreported; age = 15.7 [0.9] y, height = 174.6 [8.4] cm, mass = 72.8 [14.8] kg, grade = 10.0 [0.9] level). INTERVENTIONS Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric-25 was administered at 3 days, 10 days postconcussion, and return to play (RTP). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric-25 subscale T scores and self-reported concussion history (yes/no). RESULTS A total of 70 patients completed the study. For the Pediatric-25 subscales, the severity of problems associated with Physical Function Mobility, Anxiety, Depression, Fatigue, and Pain Interference were highest 3 days postconcussion, decreasing at 10 days and RTP (all p < .05). No differences were found between days 3 and 10 for Peer Relationship scores, but improvements were identified at RTP (p < .05). Pediatric-25 subscale scores at the 3 measurements were not statistically associated with concussion history (all p > .05). Ceiling and floor effects were present in all subscales throughout each timepoint, except for Physical Function Mobility (14.7%), and pain interference (11.8%) at day 3 postinjury. CONCLUSIONS Patients who had suffered a concussion improved from day 3 through RTP on multiple health domains as demonstrated through the Pediatric-25 subscales. These findings highlight the need for health care professionals to serially monitor HRQOL and social factors that may affect the patient postconcussion as part of a multifactorial assessment. Ceiling effects in high functioning adolescent athletes were present; thus, efforts should be made to identify appropriate scales for use in managing recovery in athletic populations.
Deformation Assessment of the Manually Pre-bent Titanium Miniplates in Orthognathic Surgery With Finite Element Analysis.

This study summarized the literature regarding the application of pre-bent titanium miniplates in orthognathic surgery and evaluated the extra deformation of the manually pre-bent titanium miniplates via finite element analysis for acquiring higher surgical accuracy. The literature was reviewed with a chart. Three models of titanium miniplates with different thicknesses (1.0 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.6 mm) were created using COMSOL Multiphysics software for biomechanical behavior analysis. The 3 models were virtually bent into 5 angles (15 degree, 30 degree, 45 degree, 60 degree, 80 degree). respectively to simulate the preoperative virtual bending, then to simulate the practical manual bending via finite element analysis. The stresses and displacements of these models were recorded. The models from virtual bending simulation and manual bending simulation were registered to analyze the deviations. The results showed that the maximum stress and the displacement deviations between the virtual bending models and the manual bending models increased with the thickness and bending angle of the pre-bent miniplate models. To improve the surgical accuracy, measures should be applied to the manually pre-bent titanium miniplates to reduce the extra deformation when the plate being thicker and the bending angle being larger.
In situ rat intestinal absorption of two active components in Saussurea involucrate

OBJECTIVE To study the intestinal absorption behaviors of chlorogenic acid and Rutin in Saussurea involucrate,and provide the scientific basic for the Saussurea involucrate formulations. METHODS The rat single-pass intestinal perfusion technology and HPLC were used to investigate the concentration of the drugs,and further study the influence of concentration on absorption of chlorogenic acid and Rutin. RESULTS The concentration had no distinctive effect on the Ka and Papp of chlorogenic acid and Rutin;The same results were observed in different segment of small intestine.The absorption in small intestine increased significantly,compared with the colon. CONCLUSION The certain range of drug concentration had no distinctive influence on the Ka and Papp of Chlorogenic acid and Rutin;the absorption mechanism may be the passive diffusion transport.The drugs had extensive absorption in all small intestine segments;the absorption zone was mostly in the intestine and there is no distinguishable absorption part in the intestine.
Sperm cryopreservation of kelp grouper Epinephelus moara

To study the cryopreservation of Epinephelus moara sperm,mature E.moara semen was used as experimental material,and concentration of various semen diluents,and concentration of cryoprotectant were screened.We used 60Lliquid nitrogen jars and 2ml freezing tubes to preserve sperms by"three-step cooling procedure". The result showed that,EM1-2se-men diluent prepared with 9g/L NaCl,10g/L KHCO3and 10% FBS(fetal bovine serum)was better than TS-2,ES1-3and other EM semen diluents,which preserved 56.67% ±5.77% sperm motility after unfrozen.Using EM1-2as the liquid foundation to prepare cryoprotectant, no significant difference was observed in sperm motility by 10%-20% DMSO and PG cryopreservation(P0.05). The best of all is 15% DMSO and 10% PG,which preserved 54.52%± 7.81%and 57.24%±3.69%sperm motility respectively after unfrozen.Using 1-year cryopreserved semen to fertilize E.moaraeggs,the rates of fertilization and hatching reached 80%or above,without significant difference with fresh sperms(P0.05). Our study showed that 15% DMSO or 10% PG using EM1-2as the liquid foundation could cryopreserve E.moarasemen. We established a frozen sperm library based on this study,and it will provide a basis for the artificial breeding and cross breeding.
GRB10 sustains AR activity by interacting with PP2A in prostate cancer cells

Prostate cancer (PCa) progression is driven by androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Unfortunately, androgen‐deprivation therapy and the use of even more potent AR pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) cannot bring about a cure. ARPI resistance (ie, castration‐resistant PCa, CRPC) will inevitably develop. Previously, we demonstrated that GRB10 is an AR transcriptionally repressed gene that functionally contributes to CRPC development and ARPI resistance. GRB10 expression is elevated prior to CRPC development in our patient‐derived xenograft models and is significantly upregulated in clinical CRPC samples. Here, we analyzed transcriptomic data from GRB10 knockdown in PCa cells and found that AR signaling is downregulated. While the mRNA expression of AR target genes decreased upon GRB10 knockdown, AR expression was not affected at the mRNA or protein level. We further found that phosphorylation of AR serine 81 (S81), which is critical for AR transcriptional activity, is decreased by GRB10 knockdown and increased by its overexpression. Luciferase assay using GRB10‐knockdown cells also indicate reduced AR activity. Immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry revealed an interaction between GRB10 and the PP2A complex, which is a known phosphatase of AR. Further validations and analyses showed that GRB10 binds to the PP2Ac catalytic subunit with its PH domain. Mechanistically, GRB10 knockdown increased PP2Ac protein stability, which in turn decreased AR S81 phosphorylation and reduced AR activity. Our findings indicate a reciprocal feedback between GRB10 and AR signaling, implying the importance of GRB10 in PCa progression.
Classification of Mammographic Breast Microcalcifications Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network: A BI-RADS-Based Approach.

The goal of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the potential of a deep convolutional neural network (dCNN) to accurately classify microcalcifications in mammograms with the aim of obtaining a standardized observer-independent microcalcification classification system based on the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) catalog. MATERIALS AND METHODS Over 56,000 images of 268 mammograms from 94 patients were labeled to 3 classes according to the BI-RADS standard: "no microcalcifications" (BI-RADS 1), "probably benign microcalcifications" (BI-RADS 2/3), and "suspicious microcalcifications" (BI-RADS 4/5). Using the preprocessed images, a dCNN was trained and validated, generating 3 types of models: BI-RADS 4 cohort, BI-RADS 5 cohort, and BI-RADS 4 + 5 cohort. For the final validation of the trained dCNN models, a test data set consisting of 141 images of 51 mammograms from 26 patients labeled according to the corresponding BI-RADS classification from the radiological reports was applied. The performances of the dCNN models were evaluated, classifying each of the mammograms and computing the accuracy in comparison to the classification from the radiological reports. For visualization, probability maps of the classification were generated. RESULTS The accuracy on the validation set after 130 epochs was 99.5% for the BI-RADS 4 cohort, 99.6% for the BI-RADS 5 cohort, and 98.1% for the BI-RADS 4 + 5 cohort. Confusion matrices of the "real-world" test data set for the 3 cohorts were generated where the radiological reports served as ground truth. The resulting accuracy was 39.0% for the BI-RADS 4 cohort, 80.9% for BI-RADS 5 cohort, and 76.6% for BI-RADS 4 + 5 cohort. The probability maps exhibited excellent image quality with correct classification of microcalcification distribution. CONCLUSIONS The dCNNs can be trained to successfully classify microcalcifications on mammograms according to the BI-RADS classification system in order to act as a standardized quality control tool providing the expertise of a team of radiologists.
Targeted expression of the arsenate reductase HAC1 identifies cell type specificity of arsenic metabolism and transport in plant roots

Abstract High Arsenic Concentration 1 (HAC1), an Arabidopsis thaliana arsenate reductase, plays a key role in arsenate [As(V)] tolerance. Through conversion of As(V) to arsenite [As(III)], HAC1 enables As(III) export from roots, and restricts translocation of As(V) to shoots. To probe the ability of different root tissues to detoxify As(III) produced by HAC1, we generated A. thaliana lines expressing HAC1 in different cell types. We investigated the As(V) tolerance phenotypes: root growth, As(III) efflux, As translocation, and As chemical speciation. We showed that HAC1 can function in the outer tissues of the root (epidermis, cortex, and endodermis) to confer As(V) tolerance, As(III) efflux, and limit As accumulation in shoots. HAC1 is less effective in the stele at conferring As(V) tolerance phenotypes. The exception is HAC1 activity in the protoxylem, which we found to be sufficient to restrict As translocation, but not to confer As(V) tolerance. In conclusion, we describe cell type-specific functions of HAC1 that spatially separate the control of As(V) tolerance and As translocation. Further, we identify a key function of protoxylem cells in As(V) translocation, consistent with the model where endodermal passage cells, above protoxylem pericycle cells, form a ‘funnel’ loading nutrients and potentially toxic elements into the vasculature.
On Representing Resilience Requirements of Microservice Architecture Systems

Together with the spread of DevOps practices and container technologies, Microserivce Architecture has become a mainstream architecture style in recent years. Resilience is a key characteristic in Microservice Architecture Systems(MSA Systems), and it shows the ability to cope with various kinds of system disturbances which cause degradations of services. However, due to lack of consensus definition of resilience in the software field, although a lot of work has been done on resilience for MSA Systems, developers still don't have a clear idea on how resilient an MSA System should be, and what resilience mechanisms are needed. In this paper, by referring to existing systematic studies on resilience in other scientific areas, the definition of microservice resilience is provided and a Microservice Resilience Measurement Model is proposed to measure service resilience. And a requirement model to represent resilience requirements of MSA Systems is given. The requirement model uses elements in KAOS to represent notions in the measurement model, and decompose service resilience goals into system behaviors that can be executed by system components. As a proof of concept, a case study is conducted on an MSA System to illustrate how the proposed models are applied.
ANALYSES OF RESISTANCE GENES OF 40 WHEAT CULTIVARS OR LINES TO WHEAT POWDERY MILDEW

Forty wheat cultivars or lines were inoculated with twenty one different isolates of wheat powdery mildew, and the spectra of their resistant were compared. The results showed that three cultivars or lines carry Pm2, four carry Pm4b, CP91 13 4 1 4 may carry Pm8, two cultivars or lines carry Pm13, seven cultivars carry 2 or more resistant genes, and the resistant spectrum of Hongjuanmang is the same to Xiaobaidongmai, carrying XBD gene. The spectra of eleven cultivars or lines are different from those of all lines with unknown genes, and eleven cultivars or lines are susceptible to all twenty one isolates of wheat powdery mildew.
Anthelmintic efficacy of ethanol extract of Areca catechu on the carbohydrate metabolism of Cotylophoron cotylophorum

Paramphistomosis is an important parasitic disease in sheep and goats and causes considerable economic loss to the livestock industry. Anthelmintics are commonly used against helminth parasites. The high incidence of resistance of helminth parasites to anthelmintic drugs in addition to the relative toxicity and side effects of many of these drugs urge the necessity of finding alternative safe and eco friendly agents against helminths. This applies to plant-based anthelmintics that have been used to destroy and expell the parasite from gastrointestinal tract. In the present investigation ethanol extract of Areca catechu on the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism viz. pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, fumarate reductase and succinate dehydrogenase of Cotylophoron cotylophorum was studied. The parasites were incubated in five different sub-lethal concentrations of ethanol extract of Areca catechu viz. 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5mg/ml for 2, 4 and 8 h. The activity of the enzymes was assayed using standard procedures. The enzyme activity was expressed in terms of protein. The data obtained were analyzed statistically. Ethanol extract of Areca catechu significantly inhibited the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism and the percentage of inhibition was dose and time dependent. Present study manifested that PK, PEPCK, LDH, MDH, FR and SDH provide biochemical target for AcEE which disrupt energy generation process in C. cotylophorum, resulting in decreased production of ATP. Consequently, the energy deprived parasite unable to sustain themselves in situ may be expelled from the host. The results of the present study holds a potential promise in the future use of active principles of A. catechu as effective anthelmintics and may help in designing assimilated solutions for the control of paramphistomosis.
MOLECULAR TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE PROBLEMATIC CANDIDA STRAINS BASED ON 26S rDNA D1/D2 DOMAIN SEQUENCE COMPARISON

Eight anamorphic ascomycetous yeast strains isolated from natural sources in China, which were unable to be identified to species level by conventional methods, were selected for molecular taxonomic study. The large-subunit (26S) rRNA gene D1/D2 domain sequences (approximately 500~600 nucleotides) of these strains were determined by direct sequencing method. The taxonomic relationships of these strains with the described anamorphic or teleomorphic ascomycetous yeast species were indicated by sequence comparison in the D1/D2 domain through BLAST search in GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ nucleotide sequence databases, and by the phylogentic tree drawn from neighbor-joining analysis based on the D1/D2 domain sequence alignment. AS 2.1695 and AS 2.1700 were identified as Candida membranifaciens because of their identical D1/D2 domain sequences and similar phenotypical characters with the type strains of this species. AS 2.1679, AS 2.1777 and AS 2.1981 were found to have identical sequences in this domain with those of the type strains of C. melibiosica, Pichia holstii (anamorph: C. silvicola) and C. ethanolica, respectively, and were likewise identified. AS 2.2220 and AS 2.2221 were similar with C. pseudolambica in D1/D2 domain sequences (only 1~2 base divergences) and in phenotypic characters, indicating they are conspecific. AS 2.1651 was most closely related to C. cacaoi and P. farinose, only 2 base differences were found between the former and the type strains of the latter two species.
RIPTE: Runtime Integrity Protection Based on Trusted Execution for IoT Device

Software attacks like worm, botnet, and DDoS are the increasingly serious problems in IoT, which had caused large-scale cyber attack and even breakdown of important information infrastructure. Software measurement and attestation are general methods to detect software integrity and their executing states in IoT. However, they cannot resist TOCTOU attack due to their static features and seldom verify correctness of control flow integrity. In this paper, we propose a novel and practical scheme for software trusted execution based on lightweight trust. Our scheme RIPTE combines dynamic measurement and control flow integrity with PUF device binding key. +rough encrypting return address of program function by PUF key, RIPTE can protect software integrity at runtime on IoTdevice, enabling to prevent the code reuse attacks. +e results of our prototype’s experiment show that it only increases a small size TCB and has a tiny overhead in IoTdevices under the constraint on function calling. In sum, RIPTE is secure and efficient in IoT device protection at runtime.
Adhesion function of OmpU protein from Vibrio mimicus and its role in virulence

Vibrio mimicus is the causative agent of ascites disease in aquatic animals. It was found that there was an adhesion motif at amino-terminal of OmpU protein,and OmpU-specific antibody exhibited significant inhibition effects on the adhesion of V. mimicus to cells in our previous studies,but adhesion function of OmpU protein is still unclear. To investigate the role of OmpU protein from V. mimicus in cell adhesion and virulence,the OmpU gene deletion mutant of V. mimicus 04-14 strain was constructed by the homologous recombination. A recovery mutant was obtained by introducing a low-copy plasmid strain. PCR and sequence analysis confirmed that OmpU gene was successfully deleted in the mutant and restored in the complementary strain. We compared the differences of genetic stability,growth and biochemical characteristics,adhesion ability and virulence between the gene deletion mutant and wild strains,as well as the complemented strain. The results showed that the mutant strain stabilized genetically and grewslower than the wild strain. There was no significant difference between them in morphology,culture and biochemical characteristics. Compared with wild strain,deletion of OmpU gene significantly reduced bacterial adhesion to EPC cells monolayers by 66. 6%,but the adhesion ability was restored in the complementary strain. Furthemore,the 50% lethal doses( LD50) of the mutant strain was four times lower than those of the wild strain and complementary strain. These data indicate that the OmpU protein is involved in both adhesion and virulence in V. mimicus. The adhesion function of OmpU protein from V. mimicus and its role in virulence were comfirmed for the first time.