Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salmonella typhimurium newD and Escherichia coli leuC genes code for a functional isopropylmalate isomerase in Salmonella typhimurium-Escherichia coli hybrids

The supQ newD gene substitution system in Salmonella typhimurium restores leucine prototrophy to leuD mutants by providing the newD gene product which is capable of replacing the missing leuD polypeptide in the isopropylmalate isomerase, a complex of the leuC and leuD gene product. Mutations in the supQ gene are required to make the newD protein available. An Escherichia coli F' factor was constructed which carried supQ- newD+ from S. typhimurium on a P22-specialized transducing genome. This F' pro lac (P22dsupQ394newD) episome was transferred into S. typhimurium strains containing th leuD798-ara deletion; the resulting merodiploid strains had a Leu+ phenotype, indicating that supQ- newD+ is dominant over supQ+ newD+, and eliminating the possibility that the supQ gene codes for a repressor of the newD gene. Furthermore, transfer of the F' pro lac (P22dsupQ39newD) into E. coli leuD deletion strains restored leucine prototrophy, showing that the S. typhimurium newD gene can complment the E. coli leuC gene. Growth rates of the S. typhimurium-E coli hybrid strains indicated that the mutant isopropylmalate isomerase in these strains does not induce a leucine limitation, as it does in S. typhimurium leuD supQ mutants. In vitro activity of the mutant isopropylmalate isomerase was demonstrated; the Km values for alpha-isopropylmalate of both the S. typhimurium leuC-newD isomerase and the S. typhimurium-E. coli hybrid isomerase were as much as 100 times higher than the Km values for alpha-isopropylmalate of the wild-type enzyme, which was 3 x 10(-4) M. Mutagenesis of E. coli leuD deletion strains failed to restore leucine prototrophy, indicating that E. coli does not have genes analogous to the S. typhimurium supQ newD genes, of that, if present, activation of a newD is a rare event or is lethal to the cell.
Efficacy and safety of dofetilide in the prevention of symptomatic episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: a 6-month double-blind comparison with propafenone and placebo.

BACKGROUND Existing drug therapies for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) have potentially serious adverse effects. Dofetilide, a pure class III antiarrhythmic agent, may offer an effective and safe alternative for treating PSVT. This study compared the efficacy and safety of dofetilide with that of propafenone and placebo in the prevention of PSVT. METHODS This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study compared the effectiveness of oral dofetilide 500 microg given twice daily with that of propafenone 150 mg given 3 times a day and placebo in preventing the recurrence of PSVT in 122 symptomatic patients. Episodes of PSVT were documented by symptom diaries and Hertcard (Hertford Medical, Hertfordshire, UK) event recorders. RESULTS After 6 months of treatment, patients taking dofetilide, propafenone, and placebo had a 50%, 54%, and 6% probability, respectively, of remaining free of episodes of PSVT (P <.001 for both dofetilide and propafenone vs placebo). Both dofetilide and propafenone also decreased the frequency of episodes of PSVT; the median numbers of episodes in the dofetilide- and propafenone-treated groups were 1 and 0.5, respectively, compared with 5 in the placebo-treated group. Dofetilide was well tolerated; no proarrhythmia occurred. Three patients taking propafenone had serious treatment-related adverse effects that required drug discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Dofetilide and propafenone were equally effective in preventing the recurrence of or decreasing the frequency of PSVT.
Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism After Minimally Invasive Surgery in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Endometrial Cancer

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism among patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery for endometrial cancer, and to characterize risk factors associated with the development of venous thromboembolism. METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer who were scheduled to undergo a planned minimally invasive surgery procedure from May 1, 2007 to December 31, 2010 were identified. The incidence of symptomatic postoperative venous thromboembolism was estimated in the patients who did not require conversion to laparotomy. Various clinicopathologic variables were tested for an association with the development of a postoperative venous thromboembolism using standard statistical tests. RESULTS: A total of 573 cases were identified. Postoperative low molecular weight heparin was administered to 125 (22%) patients during their immediate postoperative hospital stay. All patients had sequential compression devices placed intraoperatively. Seven (1.2%) patients had development of a symptomatic venous thromboembolism. The factors associated with development of a postoperative venous thromboembolism were: body mass index (BMI) (P=.005); estimated blood loss (P=.03); and operative time (P=.01). A high-risk group was determined to be patients with BMIs of 40 or higher and an operative time of 180 minutes or more. In this group, the incidence of venous thromboembolism was 9.5% (4 of 42) compared with 0.6% (3 of 531) in all others (P=.001). CONCLUSION: The incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer undergoing minimally invasive surgery is very low. There appears to be no clear justification for the routine use of a heparin for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in the majority of these patients. Thromboprophylaxis with heparin, however, may be a consideration in morbidly obese patients (BMI of 40 or higher) after a procedure that lasts 3 hours or more. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Effects of induced hyperthyroidism on steroid metabolism in man.

ABSTRACT Five normal men were made clinically hyperthyroid by administration of T3, 300 μg daily for three weeks. In 3 men, estradiol metabolic clearance rates and plasma concentration of testosterone-estradiol binding globulin (TeBG) were measured during the control periods, during fluoxymesterone administration, and during hyperthyroidism. Plasma LH and testosterone concentrations were determined throughout all studies in 5 men. Treatment with T3 caused a 7–8 fold increase in TeBG; a 2–3 fold increase in plasma testosterone; no change in CBG, and no change in in 2 patients and a 25% decrease in the third. The marked rise in TeBG during T3 treatment was not accompanied by a corresponding large fall in hence it is most likely that hyperthyroidism increased the rate of metabolism of estradiol. In spite of a 2–3 fold increase in plasma testosterone, plasma LH increased during T3 treatment, indicating that it is the non-TeBG-bound testosterone that determines LH release. The plasma half-life of TeBG was esti.
Parietal and Occipital Lobe Epilepsy: A Review

Summary: Parietal and occipital seizures have been investigated relatively little. Recent interest in seizures of frontal lobe origin has led to a definition of several well‐identifiable clinical patterns of frontal lobe seizures. A similar delineation of the clinical and EEG pattern of parietal and occipital epilepsy, using modern investigations, appears appropriate, not least because the few reported series of surgical treatment in parietal and occipital epilepsy have indicated that operation may be relevant in selected cases, not only for removal of space‐occupying lesions. Such a study is currently being undertaken at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and The Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy with the aim of developing and evaluating diagnostic criteria for these seizures. From the existing literature we can conclude that precise incidence and prevalence are largely unknown. A recent community‐based study of 252 subjects with partial epileptic seizures in an epileptic population of 594, showed that parietal seizures and seizures of posterior origin each comprised 6.3% and central or sensory‐motor seizures comprised 32.5% of focal seizures in the 160 cases in which seizures could be subclassified (Manford et al., 1992). This incidence seems low for occipital seizures as compared with the 1953 study by Gibbs and Gibbs, who observed occipital epileptiform activity in 8% of subjects with focal epilepsy. The most prominent clinical manifestations of parietal epilepsy are elementary sensory phenomena at the beginning of seizures and elementary visual hallucinations in occipital epilepsy. These symptoms are not associated solely with posterior hemisphere epilepsy, however, and more studies are obviously needed to define how close this relation is. Scalp EEG is frequently negative or maybe misleading; further‐more, spread of epileptic discharges from the parietal and occipital lobes to frontal and temporal regions may obscure seizure origin. Because of these controversial symptoms, diagnostic criteria may be difficult to define. The wide difference in clinical and EEG manifestations between reported series of parietal and occipital epilepsy also reflects a considerable problem with patient sampling. Classification of epilepsy according to the anatomic division of the brain may be arbitrary, and it may be appropriate to define epileptic syndromes such as sensorimotor seizures or occipitotemporal seizures that cross such artificial divides.
Emerging biomarkers of acute kidney injury.

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major clinical problem with a rising incidence and high mortality rate. The lack of early biomarkers has resulted in an unacceptable delay in initiating therapies. METHODS Here we will update the reader on promising new blood and urinary biomarkers that have recently emerged through the application of innovative technologies such as functional genomics and proteomics to human and animal models of AKI. RESULTS The most promising biomarkers of AKI for clinical use include a plasma panel (NGAL and cystatin C) and a urine panel (NGAL, Il-18 and KIM-1). CONCLUSIONS As they represent tandem biomarkers, it is likely that the AKI panels will be useful for timing the initial insult and assessing the duration and severity of AKI. Based on the differential expression of the biomarkers, it is also likely that the AKI panels will distinguish between the various types and etiologies of AKI. It will be important in future studies to validate the sensitivity and specificity of these biomarker panels in clinical samples from large cohorts and from multiple clinical situations.
Applying Artificial Neural Networks in Forecasting US Dollars-Indonesian Rupiah Exchange

This paper investigates artificial neural networks prediction modeling of foreign currency rates using Levenberg Marquardt (LM) learning algorithms. The models were trained from historical data using US Dollar (USD) currency rates against Indonesian Rupiah (IDR). The forecasting performance of the models was evaluated using a number of statistical measurements and compared. The results show that significant close prediction result can be made using simple architecture forecasting model. LM1 and LM6 model achieves closer prediction of the actual value than that other model.Both forecasting models attain significantly high rate of predicting correct directional change (above 80%). The effect of network architecture on the performance of the forecasting model is also presented.
A Prediction Score for Maternal Mortality in Senegal and Mali

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a maternal mortality score to identify patients at risk of in-hospital death in developing countries. METHODS: We performed a prospective observational study in 46 referral hospitals in Senegal and Mali, starting October 1, 2007. Derivation of a maternal mortality score was performed, using generalized estimating equation, on patients included during the first 6 months of the study (301 deaths out of 43,624 deliveries) and validated on patients included during the next 6 months (345 deaths out of 46,328 deliveries). RESULTS: Nine criteria were independently associated with maternal death: severe anemia in pregnancy, malaria diagnosed during pregnancy, parity greater than 4, fewer than three antenatal visits, referral from another health facility, antepartum or postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia or eclampsia, uterine rupture, and genital infection or sepsis. The maternal mortality score, ranging from 0 to 100, occupies an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–0.91). The low-risk group for maternal mortality, based on a score less than 10, has a negative predictive value of 99.9% (95% CI 99.8–99.9) and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.18, ruling out maternal mortality with a probability of 0.13% (95% CI 0.09–0.17). Sensitivity of the score to identify patients at risk of in-hospital death was 85.0% (95% CI 80.5–88.8). Validation of the score yielded a sensitivity of 87.8% (95% CI 83.9–91.1), a negative predictive value of 99.9% (95% CI 99.8–99.9), and a probability of maternal death of 0.12% (95% CI 0.08–0.17) in the low-risk group. CONCLUSION: The maternal mortality score could help health care professionals to identify patients at risk of maternal mortality who need careful management. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III
Traffic Routes and Signals for the Tonoplast

Tonoplast, the membrane delimiting plant vacuoles, regulates ion, water and nutrient movement between the cytosol and the vacuolar lumen through the activity of its membrane proteins. Correct traffic of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the tonoplast requires (i) approval by the ER quality control, (ii) motifs for exit from the ER and (iii) motifs that promote sorting to the tonoplast. Recent evidence suggests that this traffic follows different pathways that are protein‐specific and could also reflect vacuole specialization for lytic or storage function. The routes can be distinguished based on their sensitivity to drugs such as brefeldin A and C834 as well as using mutant plants that are defective in adaptor proteins of vesicle coats, or dominant‐negative mutants of Rab GTPases.
A Kaizen strategy for APL education

If APL is to survive, more people must be able to quickly learn how to use it in their work or business. In the past year, powerful new APL learning mater ia l has become available that ' s cheap or free, fast, and with big workspaces. This new material also offers quick and easy upgrade paths to commercial APLs. A common theme of this fresh material is tha t it 's cont inuously and incremental ly improved. The Japanese term for this process is "kczizen. " It is kaizen, in part, that explains the hammering that Japan is delivering to the auto industry world-wide. Kaizen develops product innovation at the same time that it generates cash flow to pay for further innovation. Kaizen is based on a quick feedback loop from innovation, to market, and back to innovation again (have you bought a soRware upgrade recently? ) The ~aizen loop is apparent in IBM's steady and cumulat ive improvement of TryAPL2--s ix enhancements in two years. Even the once-moribund Sharp APL/PC has been vividly rejuvenated by Iverson's 386 enhancements . Manugist ics (formerly STSC) has a habit, almost to a fault, of frequent incremental innovation. And, the APL lessons from the Capital PC User Group (CPCUG) have been incre mental ly improved in multiple ways, in two generations beyond Z.V. Jizba's pioneering effort. Kaizen s t ra tegy is a challenge to APL educators: people who are serious about the future of APL must move APL out of the schools and into the m a r k e t place. Today, most people learn more on the job than they do in schools. They have no choice--technology changes too fast. Unless the time between learning APL and applying it at work is short, technology moves ahead rapidly, and the learner misses the boat. George Bernard Shaw once compared photographers to spawning salmon: they take a million pictures in the hopes that one will turn out well. Teaching APL in schools is no different--like spawning salmon, it's tantamount to playing the lottery. In its APL classes last summer, the CPCUG found that only one of its 14 learners was a student. All others were professionals seeking to improve their productivity at work. Six of the 14 did not have English as their native tongue. This typifies today's dynamic global market environment within which APL must compete. Here's a source list of APL learning material, all new or improved within the past year:
Differential and Concordant Roles for Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 and Poly(ADP-Ribose) in Regulating WRN and RECQL5 Activities

ABSTRACT Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase 1 (PARP1) catalyzes the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) of proteins, a posttranslational modification which forms the nucleic acid-like polymer PAR. PARP1 and PAR are integral players in the early DNA damage response, since PARylation orchestrates the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of damage. Human RecQ helicases are DNA unwinding proteins that are critical responders to DNA damage, but how their recruitment and activities are regulated by PARPs and PAR is poorly understood. Here we report that all human RecQ helicases interact with PAR noncovalently. Furthermore, we define the effects that PARP1, PARylated PARP1, and PAR have on RECQL5 and WRN, using both in vitro and in vivo assays. We show that PARylation is involved in the recruitment of RECQL5 and WRN to laser-induced DNA damage and that RECQL5 and WRN have differential responses to PARylated PARP1 and PAR. Furthermore, we show that the loss of RECQL5 or WRN resulted in increased sensitivity to PARP inhibition. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that PARP1 and PAR actively, and in some instances differentially, regulate the activities and cellular localization of RECQL5 and WRN, suggesting that PARylation acts as a fine-tuning mechanism to coordinate their functions in time and space during the genotoxic stress response.
Vitamins, fatty acids, and antioxidant capacity stability during storage of freeze-dried human milk

Abstract Although freezing is the most common method used to preserve human milk, nutritional and immunological components may be lost during storage. Freeze-drying could increase the shelf life of human milk, while preserving its original characteristics. Seventy-two samples of freeze-dried human milk were stored for different periods of time, up to a maximum of 3 months, at 4 °C or 40 °C. Vitamin C, tocopherols, antioxidant capacity, and fatty acids composition were analyzed. A new HILIC–UHPLC method improving vitamin C determination was also validated. Ascorbic acid and total vitamin C concentrations significantly decreased at both temperatures, while antioxidant capacity only decreased at 40 °C. Fatty acids composition and both γ-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol contents remained unaltered. The stability after storage of freeze-dried milk was higher than that reported for frozen or fresh milk indicating that freeze-drying is a promising option to improve the preservation of human milk in banks.
Modes of multi-end-pumped nonplanar ring laser

A novel multi-end-pumped nonplanar ring Nd:YAG laser with two-mirror cavity was demonstrated. A model was developed for attaining all beam loop modes of the laser cavity and calculating the mirror separation of each mode. With single-diode laser pumping, the operations of different modes at 1.064 /spl mu/m were performed and the experimental results are in excellent agreement with the model. Using three laser diodes as the pumping sources led to over threefold increase in output power.
Impact of Gaussian noise and image filtering to detected corner points positions stability

The paper deals with the evaluation of the image noise adding impact to detected corner points positions. These coordinates of corner points were localized using subpixel detection approach. The idea was to systematically add the Gaussian noise into synthetic chessboard image and to observe the relations between the amount of noise and variance of detected positions of points. Also, the influence of initial image smoothing on mentioned considered quantities was taken into account. All the obtained results were analyzed and shown in corresponding graphs.
Topic Information Based Neural Network Model for Fine-grained Entity Type Classification

Entity recognition is an important part of natural language processing, but nowadays most entity recognition systems are restricted to a limited set of entity classes (e.g., person, location, organization or miscellaneous). Therefore, fine-grained entity type classification becomes a hot issue to further study. This paper proposed a neural network model based on topic information for fine-grained entity type classification. It takes topic information into account when constructs a model in order to attain a better performance on the classification.
Gene cluster containing the genes for tyrocidine synthetases 1 and 2 from Bacillus brevis: evidence for an operon

From a genomic library of the tyrocidine producer Bacillus brevis ATCC 8185 constructed in the bacteriophage vector EMBL3, a recombinant phage which contains the structural genes coding for tyrocidine synthetases 1 and 2, TycA and TycB, was identified. The location of the tycA gene within the 16-kilobase insert of this clone, EMBL25-1, was mapped by hybridization studies by using the previously isolated tycA DNA as a probe. Restriction analyses, the construction of subclones, and the analysis of proteins encoded by the subclones located the tycB gene at the 3' end of the tycA gene and revealed that the two genes are transcribed in the same direction. Nuclease S1 protection studies and DNA sequencing studies of the intergenic region indicated that tycA and tycB are separated by a 94-base-pair noncoding region and suggested that these genes are organized as an operon.
Electron-electron interaction and localization in d and f transition metals.

We discuss, for the d and f transition metals, the competition between atomiclike electrostatic Coulomb and exchange interactions and loss of atomic characteristics in the solid through screening of f and d charge fluctuations and hybridization. We derive semiempirical relations describing these interactions for the 3d, 4d, 5d, 4f, and 5f elements in the environment of a metallic host. We then compare these to the hybridization widths, also semiempirically determined, and arrive at conclusions concerning the localization of the d or f electrons and the formation of magnetic moments. We show that some of the light actinides can exhibit negative ${U}^{\mathrm{eff}}$ behavior dependent on their valence in the solid. We argue that some d transition metals may belong to the same group if properly alloyed.