Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Prognostic Models of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Potential Tools for Personalized Care and Clinical Trial in ICH

Background: Several prognostic models have been developed for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); however, none of them have been consistently used in routine clinical practice or clinical research. In the study, we systematically compared 27 ICH models with regard to mortality and functional outcome at 1-month, 3-month and 1-year after ICH. Methods: The validation cohort was derived from the Beijing Registration of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Poor functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) ≥3 at 1-month, 3-month and 1-year after ICH, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test were used to assess model discrimination and calibration. Moderate, good, excellent and outstanding discrimination were predefined as AUROC of 0.75-0.79, 0.80-0.84, 0.85-0.89 and above 0.90, respectively.Results: A total number of 1575 patients were included. The mean age was 57.2±14.3 and 67.2% were male. The median NIHSS score on admission was 11 (IQR: 3-21). For predicting mortality at 3-month after ICH, AUROC of 27 ICH models ranged from 0.604 to 0.856. One model showed excellent discrimination; fifteen models demonstrated good discrimination; and seven models demonstrated moderate discrimination. In pairwise comparison, the ICH-FOS (0.856, 95%CI=0.835-0.878, P<0.001) showed statistically better discrimination than other models for mortality at 3-month after ICH (all P<0.05). For predicting poor functional outcome (mRS≥3) at 3-month after ICH, AUROC of 27 ICH models ranged from 0.602 to 0.880. Five models showed excellent discrimination; six models demonstrated good discrimination; and ten models demonstrated moderate discrimination. In pairwise comparison with other prediction models, the ICH-FOS was superior in predicting poor functional outcome at 3-month after ICH (all P<0.001). Several risk models were well calibrated (Hosmer-Lemeshow test P>0.05) for mortality and poor functional outcome at 3-month after ICH, however, the ICH-FOS showed the largest Cox and Snell R-square. Similar results were verified for mortality and poor functional outcome at 1-month and 1-year after ICH. Conclusion: Several risk models are externally validated to be effective for risk stratification and outcome prediction after ICH, especially the ICH-FOS, which would be useful tools for personalized care and clinical trial in ICH.
An Enhanced K-Means Clustering Based on K- SVD_DWT Algorithm for Image Segmentation

The complete nature of the image geared by various processes but image segmentation plays vital role. For object illustration, image analysis, visualization and image processing task the image is segmented into useful information by image segmentation. The image is segmented with respect to the opted scenario by image segmentation. The image measurements like texture, color and depth are considered by the segmentation. The plant disease can be spotted and classified in the field of agriculture and image segmentation is essential in image processing. Based on the morphological characteristics of plants, the diseases can be classified. Image segmentation is of importance within the field of image process. This work focuses on K-means Singular Value Decomposition (K-SVD) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) that is associated with Kmeans clustering for effectual image segmentation of leaf. Image segmentation is the basic pre-processing task to segregate the leaves in several image process applications. The most challenge in analyzing the plant images are locating and segmenting plants. Image segmentation accustomed to discover the objects and limits such as lines, curves, etc. in images. K-means cluster algorithmic program is wide employed in image segmentation to its machine simplicity. However, the clump results obtained from K-means heavily rely on the initial parameters. Mostly, these initial parameters are elite through hit and trial rule that ends up in inconsistency within the image segmentation results. In this work, an improved K-means cluster algorithmic program is projected for image segmentation, using a histogram based mostly initial parameter estimation procedure. To boot, the projected algorithmic program needs less user interaction to work out K-means data format parameters. Some experiments are conducted supported numerous gray images to check the projected approach. The experiment results show that the projected approach will improve the K-means based mostly image segmentation results
Function Inferences from a Molecular Structural Model of YoeBXn Toxin from Xenorhabdus n emat ophila

To xin-antitoxin (TA) co mplexes function in programmed cell death or stress response mechanisms in bacteria. The YefM-YoeB TA co mplex of Escherichia coli consists of YoeB to xin that is counteracted by YefM antito xin. When liberated fro m the co mplex, YoeB acts as an endoribonuclease, preferentially cleaving 3' of purine nucleotides. In this study YoeBXn to xin fro m Xenorhabdus nematophila is reported for first time. As no crystallographic structure is available so far, therefore a 3-D Model for Xenorhabdus nematophila YoeBXn to xin was built using SWISS-MODEL, a program for automated modeling. The Model was further validated using VERIFY-3D program as well as Ramachandran plot analysis program. Ramachandran plot analysis showed that 97.56% residues fall in the most favoured and allowed regions. Structural similarity search employing PHYRE server showed as the best matches YoeB and RelE families. The Model also showed similarities with other microbial ribonucleases. A possible homologous deep cleft of active site was identified by CASTp programme and Model was v iewed by CHIM ERA software. Additional studies to investigate the endoribonuclease activity in YoeBXn to xin p rotein are needed. The predicted Model allows in itial inferences about the unexplored 3-D structure of the YoeBXn to xin and may be further used in rational design of molecules for structure-function studies.
LOWER BAC LIMITS FOR YOUTH: EVALUATION OF THE MARYLAND .02 LAW

The Maryland 0.02% BAC (in this summary, BAC refers to either blood alcohol concentration, stated as grams per 100 milliliters of blood, or breath alcohol concentration, stated as grams per 210 liters of breath) sanction was enacted in July 1988 and went into effect on January 1, 1989. This law makes it illegal for a driver under 21 to operate a motor vehicle at a BAC of 0.02% or more. Violation can be penalized by license suspension, revocation and/or a fine up to $500. After the law had been in force for six months, an additional legislative requirement was made to imprint the driver licenses of those under 21 with the words "Under 21 Alcohol Restricted". This paper reports the results of a field study of the effects of the . 02 law and of the extent to which a public information and education program could increase its effectiveness.
Global Analysis and Structural Performance of the Tubed Mega Frame

The Tubed Mega Frame is a new structure concept for high-rise buildings which is developed by Tyrens. In order to study the structural performance as well as the efficiency of this new concept, a global analysis of the Tubed Mega Frame structure is performed using finite element analysis software ETABS. Besides, the lateral loads that should be applied on the structure according to different codes are also studied. From the design code study for wind loads and seismic design response spectrums, it can be seen that the calculation philosophies are different from code to code. The wind loads are approximately the same while the design response spectrums vary a lot from different codes.In the ETABS program, a 3D finite element model is built and analyzed for linear static, geometric non-linearity (P-Delta) and linear dynamic cases. The results from the analysis in the given scope show that the Tubed Mega Frame structural system is potentially feasible and has relatively high lateral stiffness and global stability. For the service limit state, the maximum story drift ratio is within the limitation of 1/400 and the maximum story acceleration is 0.011m/sec 2 which fulfill the comfort criteria.
Making motes intelligent: an agent-based approach to wireless sensor networks

In-Motes is a mobile agent middleware that generates an intelligent framework for deploying applications in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In-Motes is based on the injection of mobile agents into the network that can migrate or clone following specific rules and performing application specific tasks. By doing so, each mote is given a certain degree of perception, cognition and control, forming the basis for its intelligence. Our middleware incorporates technologies such as Linda-like tuplespaces and federated system architecture in order to obtain a high degree of collaboration and coordination for the agent society. A set of behavioral rules inspired by a community of bacterial strains is also generated as the means for robustness of the WSN. In this paper, we present In-Motes and provide a detailed evaluation of its implementation for MICA2 motes.
Binge-watching (Netflix) product placement: A content analysis on different product placements in Netflix originals vs. non-Netflix originals, and drama vs. comedy shows

The popularity of digital streaming platforms, such as Netflix, is gradually growing. While digital streaming platforms share similar economic interests as traditional producing and broadcasting companies, the two differ in operation and nature of consumption. These platforms constructed new means of consuming content, offering licensed and original content. This study describes and examines how product placements, a popular advertising strategy that integrates commercials in media entertainment content, are applied in an up-to-date digital environment. A content analysis was conducted of product placements in comedy and drama shows within Netflix originals and non-Netflix originals shows. The study results indicate that Netflix original shows include more product placements than non-Netflix original shows. Moreover, drama shows include more product placements than comedy shows, and these are more explicit and visual. Finally, it was found that product placements categories can be predicted by the genre of the show, but not by the production type.
Efficient wideband signal parameter estimation using combined narrowband and wideband ambiguity functions

In active sonar processing, target signal parameters are usually obtained via the estimation of the peak position of the wideband ambiguity function (WAF). As the peak search of the WAF involves an exhaustive 2-d search in the delay-scale domain, which is computationally intensive, an alternative peak search procedure is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is based on the evaluation of the analytical expressions for the narrowband and wideband ambiguity functions of the transmitted wideband signal. The computational efficiency of this scheme is achieved by reducing a 2-d search problem into two 1-d searches. An FFT- based narrowband ambiguity function (NAF) processing is also proposed for approximately estimating the scale of multipath reflections.
Security Services for Mobile Applications

In today's era of technology, information can revolve the whole world within seconds via Internet. Devices such as smartphones, tablets and smart applications running on them enable users to access information anytime and anywhere over the air network. Ubiquitous nature of smartphones stimulates the growth of applications development, especially for small scale devices. Protection and security of sensitive mobile applications and their resources against threats are new emerging challenges for mobile application developers. Even competitive enterprise application development organizations lack comprehensive security services for small scale devices. Ultimately unpredictable threats become active anytime and can easily hamper the whole infrastructure within short time frame.In future enterprise applications, to protect entities and overall access of back-end secure infrastructure and services secure and easy to deploy strong authentication and authorization services will play a key role. Complexity of security risks in wireless networks is changing the ways of protection mechanisms for mobile applications. Achieving security balance with convenience becomes a challenging task for application developers. Due to complex blurred picture of an attack in an enterprise applications development, usually the developers don't pay attention against the mitigation of such threats at the initial phase of application development. Due to this, weaknesses appear in latter stages that make an application system vulnerable. Conventionally it is a common practice by application developers to rely on username/password authentication mechanism, and even more secure way that is considered to be a One Time Password (OTP) or complex passphrase schemes. These schemes have a number of limitations and drawbacks regarding today’s diverse wireless environments.In this research we used Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) certificate-based strong authentication scheme for small scale devices which is a significant step-up from simple username/password, OTP and location-based authentication schemes. Leading standards which we followed FIPS 201 Personal Identity Verification standard and FIPS 196 Strong Authentication Protocol scheme. Our solution is based on secure smart microSD card that can be used for providing high level of security for mobile enterprise applications. Also other considerable security services included confidentiality of exchanged transaction messages between applications and back-end application provider server, integrity of transaction messages, and non-repudiation services.
Robot motion planning under topological constraints

My thesis addresses the the problem of manipulation using multiple robots with cables. I study how robots with cables can tow objects in the plane, on the ground and on water, and how they can carry suspended payloads in the air. Specifically, I focus on planning optimal trajectories for robots. Path planning or trajectory generation for robotic systems is an active area of research in robotics. Many algorithms have been developed to generate path or trajectory for different robotic systems. One can classify planning algorithms into two broad categories. The first one is graph-search based motion planning over discretized configuration spaces. These algorithms are complete and quite efficient for finding optimal paths in cluttered 2-D and 3-D environments and are widely used [48]. The other class of algorithms are optimal control based methods. In most cases, the optimal control problem to generate optimal trajectories can be framed as a nonlinear and non convex optimization problem which is hard to solve. Recent work has attempted to overcome these shortcomings [68]. Advances in computational power and more sophisticated optimization algorithms have allowed us to solve more complex problems faster. However, our main interest is incorporating topological constraints. Topological constraints naturally arise when cables are used to wrap around objects. They are also important when robots have to move one way around the obstacles rather than the other way around. Thus I consider the optimal trajectory generation problem under topological constraints, and pursue problems that can be solved in finite-time, guaranteeing global optimal solutions. In my thesis, I first consider the problem of planning optimal trajectories around obstacles using optimal control methodologies. I then present the mathematical framework and algorithms for multi-robot topological exploration of unknown environments in which the main goal is to identify the different topological classes of paths. Finally, I address the manipulation and transportation of multiple objects with cables. Here I consider teams of two or three ground robots towing objects on the ground, two or three aerial robots carrying a suspended payload, and two boats towing a boom with applications to oil skimming and clean up. In all these problems, it is important to consider the topological constraints on the cable configurations as well as those on the paths of robot. I present solutions to the trajectory generation problem for all of these problems. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics First Advisor Vijay Kumar This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/edissertations/883
Specification and Assessment of Different Intersection Assistance Concepts Based on IVC (Inter-Vehicle-Communication) and RVC (Roadside-Vehicle-Communication)

An approach for intersection assistance, which is based on IVC (Inter-Vehicle- Communication) and RVC (Roadside-Vehicle-Communication), is described in this paper. Different technology scenarios, which cover a wide time horizon and a wide area of system complexity, are analyzed in a realistic traffic simulator and assessed concerning the expected user acceptance as well as the system’s effect on traffic safety. The starting point of the technology concepts is the up-to-date communication technology. The simulation results show that the most important parameter regarding the specification of necessary communication technology is the communication range. The equipment rate of intersection assistant systems has the greatest contribution to reduction of intersection accidents. Based on the simulation study two technology concepts for IVC and RVC based intersection assistance are recommended.
Smartphone Energy Consumption: Modeling and Optimization

Part I. Understanding Energy Consumption: 1. Introduction 2. Energy and power primer 3. Smartphone batteries 4. Energy measurement 5. On human behavior and energy efficiency Part II. Energy Management and Conservation: 6. Overview 7. Smartphone subsystems 8. Mobile operating systems 9. Power modeling 10. Power profilers Part III. Advanced Energy Optimization: 11. Overview 12. Traffic scheduling 13. Exploiting multiple wireless network interfaces 14. Mobile cloud offloading 15. Example scenarios for energy optimization 16. Future trends Appendix A. An energy profile application.
Urban Transport Solution for the WiSafeCar Communication and Service Platform

Increasing amounts of traffic, congestion, pollution and changes in the climate are reasons for a growing need for advanced real-time traffic and transport related information systems and services. Gathering, aggregating and ultimately transmitting this information in a practical form to the affected users remains a challenge. CARLINK (Wireless Platform for Linking Cars) has developed an intelligent wireless traffic service platform between cars supported with wireless transceivers beside the roads. WISAFECAR (Wireless Traffic Safety Platform for Linking Cars) substantively improves this platform though the addition of secured communication and data gathering and dissemination optimization. The main applications in the three participating countries (Finland, Luxembourg and South Korea) are real-time local road weather with accident warning services and dynamic urban transport service. This paper is presenting the later application as well as the overall communication and services architecture.
Multilevel optimisation of aerospace and lightweight structures incorporating postbuckling effects

The optimisation of aerospace structures is a very complex problem, due to the hundreds of design variables a multidisciplinary optimisation may contain, so that multilevel optimisation is required. This thesis presents the recent developments to the multilevel optimisation software VICONOPT MLO, which is a multilevel optimisation interface between the well established analysis and design software packages VICONOPT and MSC/NASTRAN. The software developed is called VICONOPT MLOP (Multilevel Optimisation with Postbuckling), and allows for postbuckling behaviour, using analysis based on the Wittrick-Williams algorithm. The objective of this research is to enable a more detailed insight into the multilevel optimisation and postbuckling behaviour of a complex structure. In VICONOPT MLOP optimisation problems, individual panels of the structural model are allowed to buckle before the design load is reached. These panels continue to carry load with differing levels of reduced stiffness. VICONOPT MLOP creates new MSC/NASTRAN data files based on this reduced stiffness data and iterates through analysis cycles to converge on an appropriate load re-distribution. Once load convergence has been obtained with an appropriate criterion, the converged load distribution is used as a starting point in the optimisation of the constituent panels, i.e. a new design cycle is started, in which the updated ply thicknesses for each panel are calculated by VICONOPT and returned to MSC/NASTRAN through VICONOPT MLOP. Further finite element analysis of the whole structure is then carried out to determine the new stress distributions in each panel. The whole process is repeated until a mass convergence criterion is met. A detailed overview of the functionality of VICONOPT MLOP is presented in the thesis. A case study is conducted into the multilevel optimisation of a composite aircraft wing, to demonstrate the capabilities of VICONOPT MLOP and identify areas for future studies. The results of the case study show substantial mass savings, proving the software's capabilities when dealing with such problems. The time taken for this multilevel optimisation also proves the efficiency of the software.
UNDERSTANDING HOW TRAIN DISPATCHERS MANAGE AND CONTROL TRAINS: RESULTS OF A COGNITIVE TASK ANALYSIS

This report documents the results of a Cognitive Task Analysis that examined how experienced railroad dispatchers manage and schedule trains in today's environment. The objective was to understand the cognitive demands placed on railroad dispatchers and the strategies that experienced dispatchers have developed in response to those demands, as an input to guide development and design of digital communication systems and advanced information displays. A hybrid methodology was used that combined field observations at two railroad dispatch centers (one that primarily handles passenger trains and one that primarily handles freight trains) with structured interviews of experienced railroad dispatchers. The results reveal that dispatching is a cognitively demanding task. Dispatchers have developed a variety of strategies that smooth the way for trains to pass through territories safely and efficiently and satisfy the multiple demands placed on track use. These include techniques to off-load memory requirements, extract information about train movement and track activity to support anticipation and planning, take advantage of windows of opportunity to satisfy the multiple demands placed on track use, and level workload. Many of these strategies depend heavily on communication and coordination among individuals distributed across time and space.