Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
79 GHz Multilayer Series-Fed Patch Antenna Array With Stacked Micro-Via Loading

A wideband compact series-fed patch subarray is proposed for 79 GHz multiple-input—multiple-output (MIMO) radar. The proposed subarray is, for the first time, loaded with stacked micro-vias (SMVs). Two sets of patches in the subarray are fed 180° out-of-phase. A low-cost, high-resolution multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) technology, called “any-layer PCB,” is used to implement the SMVs, which cannot be done by standard high-definition interconnect PCB technology. Moreover, the technology supports small SMVs on different layers; hence, thick machine-drilled vias can be avoided. For comparison, a series-fed patch subarray with no SMV loading is designed. It is shown that SMV loading facilitates a larger overlap of the impedance and gain bandwidths, leading to a larger operating bandwidth. The measured 10 dB impedance and 3 dB gain bandwidths are 15% and 9.6%, respectively. The sidelobe suppression is above 12.9 dB, and the maximum array gain is 12.67 dBi at 79.1 GHz. This subarray is suitable for MIMO radar, as its width is around half-wavelength and the SMVs around it mitigate the crosstalk between the transmitting and receiving arrays.
Economic Freedom, Education and CO2 Emissions: A Causality Analysis for EU Member States

Environmental sustainability is one of three pillars of sustainability. However, a significant worldwide deterioration in the environment has been experienced since the Industrial Revolution, but the efforts to protect the environment date back to the 1970s. In this context, many economic and non-economic factors underlying environmental degradation have been investigated until today, but the influence of economic freedom indicators and education on the environment have been relatively less analyzed and the researchers have mainly focused on the influence of economic and institutional variables on the environment. Therefore, this paper investigates the reciprocal interplay among economic freedom indicators, education, and environment in EU member states over the 2000–2018 term by using a causality test with cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity and taking the research gap into consideration. The causality analysis indicates that market-oriented economic structure and education can be beneficial in combatting environmental degradation.
Generation Z job seekers’ expectations and their job pursuit intention: Evidence from transition and emerging economy

Understanding Generation Z job seekers’ expectations and job pursuit intentions can help organizations successfully attract them. However, there is limited research on this, especially for the transition and emerging economies. With these issues in mind, this study focused on two main objectives: (1) to examine Generation Z job seekers’ expectations and their job pursuit intention (JPI) in a transition and emerging economy, with samples from Vietnam, and (2) to advance the understanding of instrumental and symbolic attributes in recruitment literature. We apply the interpretive research method to explore the hidden reasons behind generation Z job seekers’ expectations and intentions of their job pursuit. Multiple combining questionnaires and group discussions were conducted with Vietnamese final year students soon to enter the workforce. The results showed that the Vietnamese Generation Z pays more attention to the job/organization in terms of intangible attributes (e.g. office atmosphere or workplace ethics) than physical features. Our study also found that Generation Z considered instrumental organizational attributes and symbolic meaning of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Although some studies have examined the Generation Z expectation in the workplace, no studies investigated the JPI of Gen Z job seekers. In addition, most recent studies investigated the Generation Z expectation in the workplace without using any solid, theoretical foundation underpinning human resource management. Therefore, using an instrumental-symbolic framework in recruitment, our study adds to the literature by examining how Generation Z job seekers react to instrumental attributes and symbolic attributes.
Topologically-based Variational Autoencoder for Time Series Classification

Topological Data Analysis is an approach to analyze data using different techniques from topology. These techniques aim to extract fundamental qualitative properties, such as shape and connectivity in data. In this work, we propose a universal approach for time series classification with variational autoencoders. It is built on extracted features from the persistent homology theory. Compared to standard classification approaches, the proposed methodology enables the classification of time series, which have different recurrent behavior in the reconstructed phase space. Multiple experiments with time-series datasets confirm that the method makes classification more robust to noisy and high-dimensional data and favors datasets in which shape has meaning.
Circuit Techniques for High Efficiency Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

This brief presents a tutorial on multifaceted techniques for high efficiency piezoelectric energy harvesting. For the purpose of helping design piezoelectric energy harvesting system according to different application scenarios, we summarize and discuss the recent design trends and challenges. We divide the design focus into the following three categories, namely, (1) AC-DC rectifiers, (2) CP compensation circuits, (3) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuits. The features, problems encountered, and suitable systems of various AC-DC rectifier topologies are introduced and compared. The important role of non-linear methods for piezoelectric energy harvesting is illustrated from the perspective of impedance matching. Energy extraction techniques and voltage flipping techniques based on inductors, capacitors, and hybrid structures are analyzed. MPPT techniques with different features and targets are discussed.
From Visual Art to Music: Sonification Can Adapt to Painting Styles and Augment User Experience

Abstract Advances in the fields of data processing and sonification have been applied to transcribe a variety of visual experiences into an auditory format. Although image sonification examples exist, the application of these principles to visual art has not been examined thoroughly. We sought to develop and evaluate a set of guidelines for the sonification of visual artworks. Through conducting expert interviews (N = 11), we created an initial sonification algorithm that accounts for art style, lightness, and color diversity to modulate the sonified output in terms of tempo and pitch. This algorithm was evaluated through user evaluations (N = 22). User study responses supported expert interview findings, the notion that sonification can be designed to match the experience of viewing an artwork, and showed interesting interaction effects among art styles, visual components, and musical parameters. We suggest the proposed guidelines can augment visitor experiences at art exhibits and provide the basis for further experimentation.
Technical Aspects In Development Of A Software Application Used In The Framework Of A National Level General Practioners Network

This paper presents several technical aspects related to a software application for general practitioners - MedINS, designed to be used in the framework of a national level network - MediNet, emphasizing several important features the application includes. There are described solutions for the problems met in the software development process: the user interface design, reports sending, documents printing, databases importing and application updating. The MediNet network consists of 100 GPs computerized dispensaries spread all over the country, covering about 1% of Romanian population. The main goal of the MediNet network is to collect data from primary care and to process it in order to get statistical results necessary for knowing the real situation from primary care. The solutions stated in this paper were tested several years in the MediNet network having good results and they could be applied in the national primary care system.
Validación de las Escalas Uso Problemático de Medios con Pantallas y su versión corta en población española

El uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en edades tempranas es cada vez más generalizado. El objetivo de este trabajo fue aportar evidencias de validez y de fiabilidad de la adaptación al español de la Escala de Uso Problemático de Medios con Pantallas (Problematic Media Use Measure) y su versión corta (Problematic Media Use Measure Short Form). Ambas evalúan el uso problemático de los medios con pantalla en menores de 4 a 11 años, con la información proporcionada por sus progenitores. La evidencia de validez se basó en el análisis de su estructura interna y su relación con otras variables, y la estimación de su fiabilidad se basó en el modelo Omega de McDonald. La muestra consistió en 230 progenitores de alumnos de dos centros de educación infantil y primaria de la provincia de Huelva (España), con una edad media de 39.58 años (DE = 5.70). Los progenitores aportaron datos de 230 menores, con edades entre los 4 y los 11 años (M = 8.65; DT = 2.12). De estos, 111 eran niños (48.3%) y 116 niñas (50.4%), con tres participantes omitiendo el género. Los resultados, obtenidos mediante un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, muestran que ambas escalas se ajustan a un modelo unidimensional y cuentan con altos valores de confiabilidad (valor Omega de McDonald de .96 para la escala completa y de .90 para la reducida). Se encontró que los dispositivos más utilizados fueron TV, DVD y vídeos, y que su uso se correlacionó positiva y significativamente con la preocupación de los padres. Ambas escalas en su versión española se muestran como instrumentos útiles para evaluar el uso problemático de los medios con pantallas a partir del reporte de los padres
Co-Designed Millimeter-Wave and Sub-6 GHz Antenna for 5G Smartphones

This letter proposes a co-designed millimeter-wave (mm-wave) and sub-6 GHz antenna system. The antenna system consists of four 28 GHz mm-wave arrays with reconfigurable radiation patterns and two sub-6 GHz antennas fed with two corner capacitive coupling elements (CCEs). Each corner CCE is formed by the connected ground planes of two mm-wave arrays in the shared-aperture configuration. The two CCEs are separately matched to cover two sub-6 GHz bands. Each mm-wave array consists of an active patch element and two parasitic patch elements loaded with PIN diodes, realizing 90° beam scanning range with two states of the PIN diodes. The measured results of the fabricated prototype show good agreement with the simulated ones. The prototyped mm-wave arrays cover the band 27.5–28.35 GHz, and each achieves 90° beam scanning at 28 GHz, with measured peak realized gain of 7.9 dBi. The CCE ports cover the two sub-6 GHz bands of 0.79–0.96 GHz and 1.7–5 GHz, with measured isolation of above 17 dB and 20 dB, respectively. The mm-wave band isolation is above 26 dB.
The use of the optative in Iliad 2,1-493

In this article I address the use of the optative (appearing alone or in in contrast with the subjunctive or indicative) in Iliad 2,1-493 (the part before the Catalogue of Ships starts). This part of the book describes Agamemnon's (failed) attempts to rouse the army and Odysseus' intervention to restore the damage caused by Agamemnon's blunder(s). In these lines there are about 110 subjunctive and optative forms, and they provide a small but reliable corpus of instances in different constructions and are therefore sufficient to serve as basis for an investigation and can be used to check if results acquired in other investigations can be confirmed or refuted. As the optative is the mood with the widest array of uses (from the unreal to the almost-certain-future), I focus on the passages in which the optative is used, either alone or in contrast with the subjunctive or indicative. I start by briefly discussing earlier scholarship on the issue, then I outline how I catalogue the forms, paying particular attention to the (metrical and palaeographical) overlap between subjunctive and future forms and finally I proceed to the actual analysis, addressing also textual and philological issues. My research hypothesis is that the subjunctive is used to describe events that the speakers and/or narrators considered to be more likely to happen, while the optative refers to what is (remotely) possible or wished for, but thought to be less probable. I also argue that while the optative is often used in iterative contexts and after past tense verbs, this does not mean that the optativus iterativus and optativus obliquus were distinct categories as the former obtained its iterative meaning from the context and the latter was more often than not only due to the lower degree of probability (in other words there is no strict consecutio modorum nor attractio modorum).
Second order microstrip bandpass filter design based on square resonator for 5G sub-6 GHz band

A simple procedure for designing a highly selective microstrip bandpass filter of second order is presented in this paper. The proposed filter is composed of two principal square open-loop resonators and designed with planar structures on a Roger substrate. It is intended for 5G applications, especially for Sub-6 GHz range frequency [3.5–3.8 GHz]. The suggested band pass filter has a very attractive compact size of 7 mm × 15.46 mm. The performance of this simple miniaturized filter, which is characterized by high selectivity in the band of interest, can be seen from its important characteristics: Adaptation, Transmission and Coupling Coefficients. The electromagnetic simulations and measurement results are in good agreement, which validates the design idea and procedure.
A Survey of Security Architectures for Edge Computing-Based IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovative scheme providing massive applications that have become part of our daily lives. The number of IoT and connected devices are growing rapidly. However, transferring the corresponding huge, generated data from these IoT devices to the cloud produces challenges in terms of latency, bandwidth and network resources, data transmission costs, long transmission times leading to higher power consumption of IoT devices, service availability, as well as security and privacy issues. Edge computing (EC) is a promising strategy to overcome these challenges by bringing data processing and storage close to end users and IoT devices. In this paper, we first provide a comprehensive definition of edge computing and similar computing paradigms, including their similarities and differences. Then, we extensively discuss the major security and privacy attacks and threats in the context of EC-based IoT and provide possible countermeasures and solutions. Next, we propose a secure EC-based architecture for IoT applications. Furthermore, an application scenario of edge computing in IoT is introduced, and the advantages/disadvantages of the scenario based on edge computing and cloud computing are discussed. Finally, we discuss the most prominent security and privacy issues that can occur in EC-based IoT scenarios.
UNRAVELING THE GEOMETRY OF THE CRAB NEBULA's “INNER RING”

Chandra images of the Crab Nebula resolve the detailed structure of its “inner ring,” possibly a termination shock where pulsar-accelerated relativistic particles begin to emit X radiation. Analysis of these images finds that the center of the ellipse—presumably a circular ring in projection—lies about 0. ″9 (10 light days at 2 kpc) from the pulsar's image, at a position angle of about 300° (east of north). This analysis also measures properties of the ellipse: the position angle of the semi-major axis is about 210° (east of north); the aspect ratio is 0.49. In a simple—albeit, not unique—de-projection of the observed geometry, a circular ring is centered on the axis of symmetry of the pulsar wind nebula. This ring is not equatorial but rather lies near +4. °5 latitude in pulsar-centered coordinates. Alternative geometries are briefly discussed.
Fermion mass hierarchies and mixings in B − L model with Δ(27) × Z4 symmetry

In this study, a gauge [Formula: see text] model with [Formula: see text] symmetry is suggested to explain the fermion masses, mixings and hierarchies. We show that the Yukawa couplings in the lepton and quark sectors reach a range only about two orders of magnitude. The smallness of the light neutrino masses, fermion masses and mixings is obtained via the type-I seesaw mechanism. The model is predictive since it can reproduce the realistic lepton and quark mixing patterns, as well as predict the effective neutrino parameters of [Formula: see text] eV and [Formula: see text] eV which are highly consistent with the recent constraints.
Investigation of the Effects of Feedback and Goal Setting on Knowledge Work Performance in the Distributed Work Environment

ii DEDICATION.iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v TABLE OF CONTENTS.viii LIST OF FIGURES . xiv LIST OF TABLES . xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF RESEARCH .
STP-TrellisNets+: Spatial-Temporal Parallel TrellisNets for Multi-Step Metro Station Passenger Flow Prediction

The drastic increase of metro passengers in recent years inevitably causes the overcrowdedness in the metro systems. Accurately predicting passenger flows at metro stations is critical for efficient metro system management, which helps alleviate such overcrowdedness. Compared to the prevalent next-step prediction, multi-step passenger flow prediction could prominently increase the prediction duration and reveal finer-grained passenger flow variations, which better helps metro system management. Thus, in this paper, we address the problem of multi-step metro station passenger (MSP) flow prediction. In light of MSP flows’ unique spatial-temporal characteristics, we propose STP-TrellisNets+, which for the first time augments the newly-emerged temporal convolutional framework TrellisNet for multi-step MSP flow prediction. The temporal module of STP-TrellisNets+ (named CP-TrellisNetsED) employs a Closeness TrellisNet followed by a Periodicity TrellisNets-based Encoder-Decoder (P-TrellisNetsED) to jointly capture the short- and long-term temporal correlation of MSP flows. In parallel to CP-TrellisNetsED, its spatial module (named GC-TrellisNetsED) adopts a novel transfer flow-based metric to characterize the spatial correlation among MSP flows, and implements another TrellisNetsED on multiple diffusion graph convolutional networks (DGCNs) in time-series order to capture the dynamics of such spatial correlation. Extensive experiments with two large-scale real-world automated fare collection datasets demonstrate that STP-TrellisNets+ outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines.
Heralds of Future Volcanism: Swarms of Microseismicity Beneath the Submarine Kolumbo Volcano Indicate Opening of Near‐Vertical Fractures Exploited by Ascending Melts

The Kolumbo submarine volcano in the southern Aegean (Greece) is associated with repeated seismic unrest since at least two decades and the causes of this unrest are poorly understood. We present a ten‐month long microseismicity data set for the period 2006–2007. The majority of earthquakes cluster in a cone‐shaped portion of the crust below Kolumbo. The tip of this cone coincides with a low Vp‐anomaly at 2–4 km depth, which is interpreted as a crustal melt reservoir. Our data set includes several earthquake swarms, of which we analyze the four with the highest events numbers in detail. Together the swarms form a zone of fracturing elongated in the SW‐NE direction, parallel to major regional faults. All four swarms show a general upward migration of hypocenters and the cracking front propagates unusually fast, compared to swarms in other volcanic areas. We conclude that the swarm seismicity is most likely triggered by a combination of pore‐pressure perturbations and the re‐distribution of elastic stresses. Fluid pressure perturbations are induced likely by obstructions in the melt conduits in a rheologically strong layer between 6 and 9 km depth. We conclude that the zone of fractures below Kolumbo is exploited by melts ascending from the mantle and filling the crustal melt reservoir. Together with the recurring seismic unrest, our study suggests that a future eruption is probable and monitoring of the Kolumbo volcanic system is highly advisable.
Effect of the Size of Titanium Particles Released from Dental Implants on Immunological Response

The techniques used in oral implantology to remove bacterial biofilm from the surface of implants by machining the titanium surface (implantoplasty) or by placing rough dental implants through friction with the cortical bone generate a large release of particles. In this work, we performed a simulation of particle generation following clinical protocols. The particles were characterized for commercially pure titanium with particle sizes of 5, 10, 15, and 30 μm. The aim was to determine the effect of particle size and chemical composition of the implant on the immune response. For this purpose, their morphology and possible contamination were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. In addition, the granulometry, specific surface area, release of metal ions into the medium, and studies of cytocompatibility, gene expression, and cytokine release linked to the inflammatory process were studied. The release of ions for titanium particles showed levels below 800 ppb for all sizes. Smaller particle sizes showed less cytotoxicity, although particles of 15 μm presented higher levels of cytocompatibility. In addition, inflammatory markers (TNFα and Il-1β) were higher compared to larger titanium. Specifically, particles of 15 μm presented a lower proinflammatory and higher anti-inflammatory response as characterized by gene expression and cytokine release, compared to control or smaller particles. Therefore, in general, there is a greater tendency for smaller particles to produce greater toxicity and a greater proinflammatory response.
Construction and Optimization of an Ecological Network in Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area, China

Rapid urbanization aggravates issues related to protection and optimization of the ecological environment. Constructing an ecological network system, including ecological values in planning, and using landscape effects efficiently are important for adjusting regional ecological space and promoting local sustainable development. Land use data from eight time points between 1980 and 2020 in the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area were used to identify the local ecological sources, corridors and nodes and to identify an ecological network with high structural integrity. The study used the FLUS, MSPA, MCR, and gravity models, hydrological analysis, and network structure evaluation by applying tools such as ArcGIS, Guidos Toolbox and Conefor. The results indicated that: (1) among the nine major ecological sources, those in the Yellow River Basin connected the large−scale sources in the east and west of the network, and the rest were located in the northeast, southeast and southwest of the research area, semi−enclosing the main urban area of Zhengzhou. (2) There were 163 least−cost paths and 58 ecological corridors, mainly distributed along the Yellow River Basin. (3) There were 70 ecological nodes, divided into 10 strategic, 27 natural ecological and 33 artificial environment nodes, distributed in key locations such as the core of each source and the intersection of corridors. (4) The ecological network included all the landscape elements in the research area and connected the main ecological substrates in a semi−enclosing network structure with one horizontal and two vertical corridors and four clusters.