Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of RMB Exchange Rate Fluctuation on Enterprises’ Export Decisions—From the Perspective of Heterogeneity

This paper empirically discusses the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on enterprises’ export decisions by using the annual data of the database of China’s industrial enterprises and the database of China’s customs merged according to the hs6-digit code from 2000 to 2007. The study found that: 1) the appreciation of RMB real effective exchange rate will significantly increase the probability of enterprises exiting export markets and reduce the probability of enterprises entering export markets; 2) compared with state-owned enterprises and private enterprises, foreign-owned enterprises have stronger ability to fight against exchange rate risks, and enterprises in eastern China are more sensitive to exchange rate fluctuation; 3) based on the analysis of heterogeneity of enterprise characteristics, it is found that such factors as enterprise productivity, enterprise profit margin, enterprise size and enterprise export experience can reduce the positive impact of RMB real effective exchange rate appreciation on enterprises exiting from export markets. This paper provides some useful advice for enterprises to avoid exchange rate risks and make better export decisions.
Plumage ornaments and reproductive investment in relation to oxidative status in the Iberian Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca iberiae)

A key aspect in the study of plumage traits with a potential role in communication is the cost associated with trait production and maintenance, expressed in terms of oxidative stress. In the Iberian Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca iberiae (Witherby, 1928)), males and some females exhibit a white forehead patch and both sexes present conspicuous white patches on the wings. We examined associations between these plumage ornaments and their ability to cope with oxidative stress. Furthermore, we explored oxidative costs of reproductive investment. Total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma and glutathione (tGSH) levels in red blood cells, as well as a marker of oxidative damage in plasma lipids (malondialdehyde (MDA)), were assessed simultaneously for the first time in studies of avian reproduction. We found negative associations between antioxidants and ornaments in incubating females, although this relationship was positive while feeding nestlings. For males, MDA levels were negatively associated with ornaments, while TAS showed a positive relation. Female MDA showed a positive correlation with intensity of incubation attendance, while this relation was negative for tGSH levels. These results indicate that multiple achromatic plumage ornaments signal the individual capacity to cope with costs related to oxidative stress. Moreover, this study highlights the critical role of incubation for avian life histories.
Pathogenicity of Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium verticilloides in Okra

Abstract In okra Macrophomina phaseolina and Furasium verticilloides cause collar‐rot, seedling‐rot and other severe diseases at fruit maturing stages. These stages were located in all the components of the seeds. The seeds collected from seeds infected with Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium verticilloides revealed 100% infection. Such seeds resulted in pre‐ and post‐emergence mortalities. Inoculated seeds also showed pre‐ and post‐emergence death of the seedlings. The fungi seed‐transmitted showed disease symptoms at different growth of okra plant. Fusarium verticilloides causes the wilt and Macrophomina phaseolina causes the collar‐rot. Until now seed transmission of these fungi have not been studied. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to fill this lacunae.
Morphological and morphometric characteristics, drying rate, and chemical composition of forage grasses grown for hay production

The objective of this study is to characterize six forage grass cultivars used for hay production. The morphological and morphometric characteristics of these cultivars were determined using a completely randomized block design, and the rates of loss of dry matter and crude protein (CP) were evaluated using a completely randomized design with a 6 x 5 factorial scheme (six cultivars vs. five drying periods [0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours]) and three repetitions. Morphological and morphometric characteristics and the chemical composition of the cultivars were analyzed using the Scott-Knott test, and the drying time was assessed using linear regression analysis at a level of significance of 5%. There was a significant effect (p < 0.05) of morphological and morphometric characteristics, except for stem thickness (p=0.1) and the live-to-dead biomass ratio (p=0.27). The Massai cultivar presented a higher leaf to stem ratio (1.23 ± 0.60). There was an increased linear response (p < 0.05) for the rate of water loss in the six evaluated cultivars. The Massai cultivar had a safe storage moisture content (80% dry matter) after 3 hours and 11 minutes of sun exposure, and the drying rate was 10.34% per hour of sun exposure. The cultivars Paredão and Marandú showed a decreasing linear effect of CP content across the harvest period, corresponding to 22.07% and 21.38 ± 0.55% in fresh plants, respectively, and 20.13% and 18.11 ± 0.55% after 4 hours of sun exposure, respectively. The Massai cultivar had the most efficient rate of water loss, reaching a safe storage moisture content in 3 hours and 6 minutes, with a CP content of 18.63%.
Re-Directing African Cocoa Bean Export Performance in the Face of Global Cocoa Trade

The performance of African cocoa in the global market has not been impressive with ample gain been lost despite its exportation lead position in the world. It is against this background that the present research looks into the possibility of re-directing the African cocoa export in the global market in order to increase its gain due to its position as the largest exporter of the product in the world. Annual time series data which covered cocoa export and import both in physical and monetary terms for the World, Africa, other continents and macro-economic indicators sourced from the FAO and UNCTAD data banks spanning from 1991 to 2017 were used. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Evidenced showed that African cocoa has competitive advantage and its geographical trade concentration can be increase if the continent increases its current export by 41.73%, thus spurring an export value gain of 40.82% over the current average export value recorded for the study period. Furthermore, it was observed that the African cocoa exporters respond to any innovation that induced deviation from the equilibrium in a manner that the current export quantity of cocoa will converge towards the equilibrium. The major factor affecting export decision cum export performance of African cocoa in the global cocoa trade market is the price factor. Therefore, the regional bloc organization (AU) and the major exporting economies should checkmate the oligopsony power of the importing countries through pricing efficiency. In addition, there is a need to enhance the quality of the product too .
Serological prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD-1) in non-vaccinated dairy cattle in the municipality of Realeza-Paraná

Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) is an infectious and contagious disease affecting cattle that is responsible for causing a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from inapparent or subclinical infections to an acute and sometimes fatal disease known as mucosal disease. The agent that causes BVD is an RNA virus of the genus Pestivirus and family Flaviridae. BVD is transmitted in two different ways: horizontal, by secretions, and vertically in pregnant cows, where the cow transmits the virus to the foetus. The clinical signs depend on the affected animal, its immunological capacity, and in the case of pregnant females, the gestation phase. A gestational infection can result in several changes, such as congenital anomalies, abortion, or even the birth of so-called persistently infected (PI) animals, which are difficult to detect and have a very important epidemiological role within the herd. The southwest region of Parana has the largest dairy basin in the state of Parana and is predominantly composed of family farmers, many of whom adopt measures that increase the health risk of their herd. The objective of this study was to delineate the serological prevalence of non-vaccinated dairy cattle in the municipality of Royalty-PR in relation to the BVD-1 virus, as well as to evaluate the odds ratios, relative risk and risk attributable to the independent variables of breed, age and the community under study. To that end, 317 blood serum samples from non-vaccinated cows from 18 different farms, with various breeds and ages, were evaluated by virus neutralization for the detection of antibodies specific to BVD-1. The results showed that 17.03% of the animals (54/317) had positive BVD-1 serology, and 82.33% (15/18) of the farms had at least one positive animal. Animals of the Jersey breed and the Barra do Sarandi Line community had the highest epidemiological risks, with a strong association with BVD-1 infection.
Optimized incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics methods and validations

The solution of the Poisson's equation used by the incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) methods for estimating the pressure field is expensive in CPU time. The CPU time, consumed by the inversion of the operator ∇(1/ρ∇) and the estimation of the right hand side of the Poisson's equation, increases with the number N of particles used in a purely Lagrangian framework. In this work, this default of ISPH methods is overcome by solving the Poisson's equation on a Cartesian grid. This SPH‐mesh coupling is equivalent to the particle in cell method. In a first step, in order to analyze its efficiency, the optimized version of two ISPH methods (divergence free and density invariant) is compared with the standard weakly compressible SPH method through two benchmarks of incompressible bidimensional flows characterized by the Reynolds number Re, Lamb‐Oseen vortex (10 ≤Re≤ 100) and lid‐driven cavity flow (100 ≤Re≤ 1000). In a second step, the numerical results obtained by the three SPH methods are compared to laboratory experimental data of a dam break flow in order to show the performance of the SPH‐mesh coupling in a practical and complex flow problem. As in the configuration of the experimental setup, the numerical results are obtained for a Reynolds number Re = 3.8 106.
The Status and Pronounced Effect of Multicultural Education: The Case of Madda Walabu University Ethiopia

The purpose of the study is to investigate the status and pronounced effect of multicultural education at Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia. Recently Madda Walabu University and the other universities of Ethiopia are becoming the center of ethnic conflicts. Most of the students and teachers have lower awareness of the concept of multicultural education. Pertinent paradigms such as positivism and interpretivism were entertained. The mixed-method research design was used. In this study questionnaire was gathered from 146 (Male 129 and Female 17) of the university teachers. In-depth interview and focus group discussion were used to collect information from 6 administrative workers and 12 students respectively. The result of the study indicates that there is little practice of multicultural activity in the university. Most of the students and teachers have lower awareness of the concept of multicultural education. The contents are not integrated with the issue of multiculturalism. The curriculum should be integrated with multicultural issues. Moreover the curriculum is not sufficiently favored with the experiences of gender equality. The university has not arranged facilities and means to enable the disabled students. The university should design strategy to increase multicultural education issues and gender experiences.
Short Communication: The composition of undergrowth vegetation in the Gendol Riverbank, Sleman District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract. Syahbudin A, Meinata A, Arifriana R, Wiyono. 2020. The composition of undergrowth vegetation in the Gendol Riverbank, Sleman District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1786-1792. Gendol river is one of the rivers affected by a pyroclastic blast from Mount Merapi eruption in 2010. This river flows through several villages, such as Glagaharjo, Kepuharjo, Wukirsari, and Argomulyo. On this riverbank, vegetation has grown naturally post-eruption of Mount Merapi and is continues to change. Some vegetation was also planted by the community. This study aims to find out the composition of the undergrowth vegetation on the Gendol riverbank in Cangkringan Sub-district. The data was obtained systematically by marking 10 sample plots of 5 m x 5 m and 2 m x 2 m size, on each side of the bank. A total of 68 species were recorded in this study which consisted of 29 trees species in seedlings and saplings stage, 34 species of herbs and shrubs, and 6 species of grasses. The dominant among the non-tree species are Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H.Rob. with an IVI of 43.78%, Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze with IVI of 16.6% and Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson with IVI of 15.78%. Saplings are dominated by Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes with IVI of 32.81%, followed by Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit (IVI-24.41%) and Melia azedarach (IVI-14.28%).
Capillary endothelial cell cultures: phenotypic modulation by matrix components

Capillary endothelial cells of rat epididymal fat pad were isolated and cultured in media conditioned by bovine aortic endothelial cells and substrata consisting of interstitial or basement membrane collagens. When these cells were grown on interstitial collagens they underwent proliferation, formed a continuous cell layer and, if cultured for long periods of time, formed occasional tubelike structures. In contrast, when these cells were grown on basement membrane collagens, they did not proliferate but did aggregate and form tubelike structures at early culture times. In addition, cells grown on basement membrane substrata expressed more basement membrane constituents as compared with cells grown on interstitial matrices when assayed by immunoperoxidase methods and quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent inhibition assays. Furthermore, when cells were grown on either side of washed, acellular amnionic membranes their phenotypes were markedly different. On the basement membrane surface they adhered, spread, and formed tubelike structures but did not migrate through the basement membrane. In contrast, when seeded on the stromal surface, these cells were observed to proliferate and migrate into the stromal aspect of the amnion and ultimately formed tubelike structures at high cell densities at longer culture periods (21 d). Thus, connective tissue components play important roles in regulating the phenotypic expression of capillary endothelial cells in vitro, and similar roles of the collagenous components of the extracellular matrix may exist in vivo following injury and during angiogenesis. Furthermore, the culture systems outlined here may be of use in the further study of differentiated, organized capillary endothelial cells in culture.
Development of a profused In vitro shoot multiplication using leaf explants of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell

Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell is an important medicinal plant used for the preparation of medhyarasayan (rasayana). Leaf explants of field grown young plants of B. monnieri was used to establish an efficient regeneration protocol with cytokinin (BAP) and auxin (IAA). The highest multiplication, i.e. (220 shoots/leaf, a cumulative of 2200 shoots from 10 explants) were noticed after 45 days of culture in MS medium supplemented with BAP(1.5mg/L) and IAA(0.5mg/L). The optimum concentration of growth regulator for shoot elongation and rooting was recorded in MS+GA3 (0.25mg/L) and MS+IBA (1.5mg/L) respectively. The rooted plantlets were successfully established in green house conditions.
Optimization of Irrigation Water Allocation Framework Based on Genetic Algorithm Approach

In a world where excessive use and degradation of water resources are threatening the sustainability of livelihoods dependent on water and agriculture, increased food production will have to be done in the face of a changing climate and climate variability. There is a need to make optimal use of the available water resource to maximize productivity. Climate-smart irrigation is aimed at increasing per unit production and income from irrigated cropping systems without having negative impacts on the environment or other water users and uses. This paper developed a water allocation model using Genetic Algorithm to equitably allocation available water to the various sectors in Kano River Irrigation Scheme yielding an optimal as well as equitable water release with a 96.44% demand met. An average relative supply of 0.94 was obtained indicating the there was even supply of water to all the sectors. The model is robust and relatively easy to apply and can be employed by farm managers to achieve equity and optimal use of the available water resource.
Accel-Sim: An Extensible Simulation Framework for Validated GPU Modeling

In computer architecture, significant innovation frequently comes from industry. However, the simulation tools used by industry are often not released for open use, and even when they are, the exact details of industrial designs are not disclosed. As a result, research in the architecture space must ensure that assumptions about contemporary processor design remain true.To help bridge the gap between opaque industrial innovation and public research, we introduce three mechanisms that make it much easier for GPU simulators to keep up with industry. First, we introduce a new GPU simulator frontend that minimizes the effort required to simulate different machine ISAs through trace-driven simulation of NVIDIA’s native machine ISA, while still supporting execution-driven simulation of the virtual ISA. Second, we extensively update GPGPU-Sim’s performance model to increase its level of detail, configurability and accuracy. Finally, surrounding the new frontend and flexible performance model is an infrastructure that enables quick, detailed validation. A comprehensive set of microbenchmarks and automated correlation plotting ease the modeling process.We use these three new mechanisms to build Accel-Sim, a detailed simulation framework that decreases cycle error 79 percentage points, over a wide range of 80 workloads, consisting of 1,945 kernel instances. We further demonstrate that Accel-Sim is able to simulate benchmark suites that no other open-source simulator can. In particular, we use Accel-sim to simulate an additional 60 workloads, comprised of 11,440 kernel instances, from the machine learning benchmark suite Deepbench. Deepbench makes use of closed-source, hand-tuned kernels with no virtual ISA implementation. Using a rigorous counter-by-counter analysis, we validate Accel-Sim against contemporary GPUs.Finally, to highlight the effects of falling behind industry, this paper presents two case-studies that demonstrate how incorrect baseline assumptions can hide new areas of opportunity and lead to potentially incorrect design decisions.
GraphABCD: Scaling Out Graph Analytics with Asynchronous Block Coordinate Descent

It is of vital importance to efficiently process large graphs for many data-intensive applications. As a result, a large collection of graph analytic frameworks has been proposed to improve the per-iteration performance on a single kind of computation resource. However, heavy coordination and synchronization overhead make it hard to scale out graph analytic frameworks from single platform to heterogeneous platforms. Furthermore, increasing the convergence rate, i.e. reducing the number of iterations, which is equally vital for improving the overall performance of iterative graph algorithms, receives much less attention.In this paper, we introduce the Block Coordinate Descent (BCD) view of graph algorithms and propose an asynchronous heterogeneous graph analytic framework, GraphABCD, using the BCD view. The BCD view offers key insights and trade-offs on achieving high convergence rate of iterative graph algorithms. GraphABCD features fast convergence under the algorithm design options suggested by BCD. GraphABCD offers algorithm and architectural supports for asynchronous execution, without undermining its fast convergence properties. With minimum synchronization overhead, GraphABCD is able to scale out to heterogeneous and distributed accelerators efficiently. To demonstrate GraphABCD, we prototype its whole system on Intel HARPv2 CPU-FPGA heterogeneous platform. Evaluations on HARPv2 show that GraphABCD achieves geo-mean speedups of 4.8x and 2.0x over GraphMat, a state-of-the-art framework in terms of convergence rate and execution time, respectively.
Statistical model of forecasting indicators in one area of sustainable development

This study is based on the seventh goal of sustainable goals development and under the title of "clean and affordable energy". As a result of the continuing increase in the number of the world's population, the dramatic rise in energy demand, especially in the production of the renewable energy worldwide, was observed . The Arab region has the highest levels of solar radiation. Many Arab countries are still taking slow steps to develop their renewable energy capacity, which has led many Arab countries today to seek to meet this demand through renewable energy solutions and improved energy efficiency. The field of study presented in this research includes a proposal for the statistical model to analyze the prediction in the field of solar energy, which is one of the most important areas of renewable energy, by providing a comparison between the time series model and the simple regression model to predict data which has been obtained in the field of solar energy.
Meteor showers and global asset allocation

Cross-market linkages allow transmission of shocks among markets. Previous measures of such spillovers are based on broader stock market indexes, which cannot identify the industries that are the principal drivers of spillovers and the industries that are most exposed to the spillovers. Using investable equity indexes, we show that basic materials, financials, industrials, technologies, and telecommunication equity sectors were the primary exporters of volatility from the U.S. and that the magnitude of the spillovers increased primarily during and post-2008 financial crisis. There is evidence that Canada was most vulnerable to spillovers, while China’s exposure was the lowest among the countries in the sample. Based on the minimum variance portfolio optimization, we find that investing in foreign industries with low exposure to spillovers from the U.S. generates high Sharpe ratios for U.S. portfolio managers, especially during the financial crisis.
BLEEDING AS A MAJOR CAUSE OF EMERGENCY ATTENDANCE IN PATIENTS ON DIFFERENT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS

Anticoagulant drugs are used to prevent the occurrence of complications of certain conditions (prophylactic use), whereas in some states it is administered as a medication (therapeutic use). Atrial fi brillation (AF), deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and other hypercoagulable conditions are the most common causes for the introduction of anticoagulant therapy (1). Mostly, anticoagulants are divided into two groups: vitamin K antagonists (VKA) such as warfarin, and nonVKA or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban. Warfarin has been the major anticoagulant drug for many years, aff ecting its wide application and low cost (1). It blocks the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reducBLEEDING AS A MAJOR CAUSE OF EMERGENCY ATTENDANCE IN PATIENTS ON DIFFERENT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS