Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a ring laser gyro

Ring laser gyroscopes are inertial sensor based on the Sagnac effect: rotation causes the frequency of the two counter-propagating beam in the ring cavity to be shifted by an amount proportional to the angular velocity. This shift (the Sagnac frequency) can be easily measured letting the two beams beat. Applications of ring laser gyros range from inertial navigation system to geodesy, to test of fundamentals physics. Several large laser gyros with high sensitivity have been developed in the last years. This thesis presents the work done with a square ring laser with a side length of 1.40 m in the contest of the experiment G-Pisa of the INFN. This experiment may help improve the performance of the mirrors suspension of the gravitational wave antenna Virgo. The laser design is based on instruments developed by the joint ring laser working group in New Zealand and Germany. It is a helium-neon laser working on the 474 THz line of neon. Earth rotation is enough to bias the Sagnac frequency to 110 Hz. The capacitive-coupled discharge exciting the laser, whose stabilization was specially designed, is the flagship of this experiment. In the first apparatus the operation was quite unstable with the laser gyro often blind to rotation. Long term operation of the laser was limited by the contamination of the gas. The laser have been extensively tested. Diagnosis of the discharge shows the prominent role of hydrogen as contaminant, leading to the installation of getter pumps. Ring-down time was measured to check the quality factor of the laser cavity. Investigation of the mode structure proved an invaluable tool to understand the behaviour of the laser. The laser usually works single mode, but unusually good Sagnac signal can be achieved with the laser working multimode. These analysis shows that the gyro is mostly limited by split modes: independent mode jump of counter-propagating beams causing the gyro to be intermittently blind to rotation. Stabilization of the beam intensity has been implemented to obtain more stable operations. Active stabilization of the optical frequency is designed, developed and tested in order to avoid mode jump and improve the performance of the gyro. A piezoelectric transducer is used to move one of the four mirrors, acting on the perimeter of the cavity. This kind of stabilization brings the laser against the subtle effect of backscattering of light of each beam in the other. A simple theoretical treatment of the backscattering and of its influence on the Sagnac effect is reported to explain acquired data, followed by some numerical simulations. Results obtained with this setup are reported: achieved optical frequency stability (30 kHz with an integration time of 100 s), prolonged operation (till now of several hours), consequences on the Sagnac frequency (periodic pulling) and rotation sensitivity of the order 5× 10 (rad/s)/ √ Hz at 0.5 Hz.
Effect of sandalwood oil on inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation and lipopolysaccharideinduced inflammation through down-regulation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways

: We investigated the antioxidative and anti-inﬂammatory effects of sandalwood oil and attempted to elucidate its underlying mechanism of action. The antioxidant activities of sandalwood oil were assessed using various methods: 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2 (cid:48) -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS + ) radical scavenging assays, as well as DNA protection ability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The cell viability of sandalwood oil in RAW 264.7 cells (murine macrophage) was investigated by tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κ B) activation was analyzed by western blot analysis in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. NF- κ B nuclear translocation was evaluated by immunoﬂuorescence staining. Furthermore, we examined ROS generation using DCF-DA in H 2 O 2 -stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Sandalwood oil inhibited I κ B α phosphorylation and NF- κ B activation and its translocation into the nucleus. Sandalwood oil shows antioxidant activity in vitro , suggesting that it may inhibit the promotion of the NF- κ B-mediated inﬂammatory involved in the expressions of various cytokines
Design and Fabrication of a Coporate-feed Plate-laminated Waveguide Slot Array Antenna for 120 GHz-band

We propose a double-layer slotted waveguide array antenna having a wide bandwidth and a high efficiency for 120 GHz band. The diffusion bonding of laminated thin metal plates provides high precision even in very high millimeter bands such as 120 GHz. We design a 16x16-element array antenna having 90% peak aperture efficiency with 33.4 dBi at 126.5 GHz. Keywordsplate-laminated waveguide; diffusion bonding; double-layer; slot antenna, corporate feed
Preparation and Characterization of Ti-15Mo Alloy used as Biomaterial

With the increase in life expectancy, biomaterials have become an increasingly important focus of research because they are used to replace parts and functions of the human body, thus contributing to improved quality of life. In the development of new biomaterials, the Ti-15Mo alloy is particularly significant. In this study, the Ti-15Mo alloy was produced using an arc-melting furnace and then characterized by density, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, hardness and dynamic elasticity modulus measurements, and cytotoxicity tests. The microstructure was obtained with β predominance. Microhardness, elasticity modulus, and cytotoxicity testing results showed that this material has great potential for use as biomaterial, mainly in orthopedic applications.
On Depth and Complexity of Generative Adversarial Networks

Although generative adversarial networks (GANs) have achieved state-of-the-art results in generating realistic look- ing images, they are often parameterized by neural net- works with relatively few learnable weights compared to those that are used for discriminative tasks. We argue that this is suboptimal in a generative setting where data is of- ten entangled in high dimensional space and models are ex- pected to benefit from high expressive power. Additionally, in a generative setting, a model often needs to extrapo- late missing information from low dimensional latent space when generating data samples while in a typical discrimina- tive task, the model only needs to extract lower dimensional features from high dimensional space. We evaluate different architectures for GANs with varying model capacities using shortcut connections in order to study the impacts of the capacity on training stability and sample quality. We show that while training tends to oscillate and not benefit from additional capacity of naively stacked layers, GANs are ca- pable of generating samples with higher quality, specifically for images, samples of higher visual fidelity given proper regularization and careful balancing.
Infrared Variability of Two Dusty White Dwarfs

The most heavily polluted white dwarfs often show excess infrared radiation from circumstellar dust disks, which are modeled as a result of tidal disruption of extrasolar minor planets. Interaction of dust, gas, and disintegrating objects can all contribute to the dynamical evolution of these dust disks. Here, we report two infrared variable dusty white dwarfs, SDSS J1228+1040 and G29-38. For SDSS J1228+1040, compared to the first measurements in 2007, the IRAC [3.6] and [4.5] fluxes decreased by 20% before 2014 to a level also seen in the recent 2018 observations. For G29-38, the infrared flux of the 10 μm silicate emission feature became 10% stronger between 2004 and 2007, We explore several scenarios that could account for these changes, including tidal disruption events, perturbation from a companion, and runaway accretion. No satisfactory causes are found for the flux drop in SDSS J1228+1040 due to the limited time coverage. Continuous tidal disruption of small planetesimals could increase the mass of small grains and concurrently change the strength of the 10 μm feature of G29-38. Dust disks around white dwarfs are actively evolving and we speculate that there could be different mechanisms responsible for the temporal changes of these disks.
Large-scale Tsunami Analysis with Floating Objects Using Hierarchical Domain Decomposition Explicit MPS Method

In this research, a new distributed memory parallel algorithm of the explicit MPS (Moving Particle Simulation) method is presented. An analysis region is divided for a distributed memory parallel computation using ParMETIS. As a result, we have been able to run the large-scale run-up tsunami analysis of 390 millions particles, such as inundating the Ishinomaki urban area and carrying two 10m diameter tanks by the tsunami using the FX10 of the University of Tokyo and the CX400S1 of the Kyushu University.
Air-Core-Transformer-Based Solid-State Fault-Current Limiter for Bidirectional HVdc Systems

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) high-voltage direct current (HVdc) transmission is a promising method to integrate renewable energies. However, limiting the dc-link fault current and accelerating the fault-current clearance are critical issues for MMC-HVdc systems. In this article, we propose an air-core-transformer-based fault-current limiter (ACT-FCL) in cooperation with the dc circuit breaker to limit fault-current rising and decrease fault-clearing time. Compared with the conventional dc reactor, hybrid current-limiting circuit, current-commutation-based fault-current limiter (FCL), and magnetic coupling FCL, the ACT-FCL can increase the equivalent inductance during the dc fault stage to reduce the rising rate and peak of fault current. The ACT-FCL can also decrease the equivalent inductance during the fault-current-clearing stage to reduce the fault-clearing time. The simulations and laboratory experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed ACT-FCL in the bidirectional HVdc systems. The ACT-FCL may be extended to more fields, such as dc microgrid and domestic dc transmission.
ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY MOVEMENTS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC – FREQUENCY APPROACH

The primary purpose of this work is to identify the business cycle types in the Czech Republic. In the light of business cycles problematic, and viewed from the frequency analysis perspective, harmonic analysis will be used. From the range of de-trending techniques, the first order difference, linear filtering, unobserved component model and Hodrick-Prescott filter are used. In the case of Hodrick-Prescott filter, a cyclical fluctuation estimate with the derivation of smoothing parameter designed specially for the Czech Republic case is investigated. The aim is to distinguish types of cyclical fluctuations in the Czech Republic. A consequent analysis of potential sources of cyclical movement is done.
Bringing the territories closer together at higher speeds RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SUBGRADE REACTION MODULUS AND THE STRAIN MODULUS OBTAINED USING A PLATE LOADING TEST

Plate loading tests (PLTs) have been used to evaluate the compaction quality of the railroad subgrade in Korea. Two methods to determine the design modulus are being used together; one is an unrepetitive plate loading test (uPLT) that obtains the subgrade reaction modulus (K30) and the other is a repetitive plate loading test (rPLT) that obtains the strain modulus (Ev). There are some differences between the two methods, such as, the way in which the design modulus is evaluated, the number of loading steps, and the test procedures. Firstly, this paper compares the two test methods and summarizes the differences between them. Secondly, the relationship between the two moduli was obtained by using the results of 30 field tests of uPLT test and rPLT test carried out on the subgrade under railroad construction. The comparisons show that the two tests give large differences in stress-displacement relationship and that the correlations between the two moduli didn't indicate a good relationship. Consequently, it was found that corrections of two the moduli for stress and strain level are needed to evaluate the relationship between the two moduli, because the stress and strain level are different when K30 and Ev2 are evaluated. Therefore, if the relationship between the two moduli is developed from the correction procedure, it will help field engineers in the management of compaction control for railway embankments.
The effects on economic growth of natural resources in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does the quality of institutions matters?

The aim of the paper is to revisit the relation between quality of institutions, natural resources and economic growth in SSA's countries. The main contribution of the paper is the endogenous determination of the threshold for quality of institutions beyond and above which natural resources affect growth differently. The methodology focuses on the estimation of a Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) model inspired by GonzAilez et al. (2005). The sample includes 18 countries within the period 1985- 2013 on annual frequency. From the empirical analysis, we derive the following conclusions. (i) The direct effect of natural resources on economic growth is negative, consolidating the natural resources curse's thesis in SSA's countries. (ii) The relation between natural resources and economic growth is based on quality of institutions. The growth effect of natural resources is negative for low quality of institutions and positive for a high quality of institutions. For robustness analysis, we conduct sensitive analysis and derive the GMM dynamic panel model. This further analysis confirms the result derived from the main specification of the PSTR model.
SMTP GateWay- Using Homomorphic authenticator in Cloud Storage System

: In this work, we supply an introduction to privacy issues in Cloud Computing and discuss the state of art within the privacy improving technologies that can be used for Cloud Computing. We focus on a software as a Cloud scenario (webmail services) and suggest a privacy preserving architecture wherein users can hold their mail within the servers of their service providers in a cloud without compromising functionality (search ability of mails) or privateness. On demand which they may be able to access by way of web with out the necessity of pricey computers or a enormous storage procedure capability and with out paying any gear maintenance expenses and also when the mail is transferred from one domain to another, it is transmitted through SMTP gateway.
Pesticides-induced oxidative damage: Possible in vitro protection by antioxidants

This study was designed to investigate the effect of selenium (Se) and a combination of vitamin E (VE) vitamin C (VC) on pesticides induced biochemical alterations in rat erythrocytes and hepatocytes in vitro. Vitamin E and C and selenium are potential antioxidants, known to be able to protect cells against oxidative damage. In vitro changes in antioxidant systems and protective role of selenium and a combination of vitamin C and vitamin E on oxidative damage in erythrocytes and hepatocytes induced by atrazine (AT), dimethoate (DM), or endosulfan (ES) at three different levels of 10, 20, and 30 mM for each in rat were investigated. Levels of lipid peroxidation (nmoles MDA/mg protein), glutathione content (µmole GSH/mg protein) and glutathione peroxidase level (µmoles NADPH/min/mg protein) were determined in erythrocytes and hepatocytes following treatment. In comparison with the control, pesticides stimulated thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) activity and glutathione peroxidase activity, enhanced the glutathione contents. Treatment with selenium and a combination of vitamin E and/or vitamin C potentially reduced the free radicals in erythrocytes or hepatocytes and ameliorated the oxidative stress induced by such pesticides. The results suggested that pesticides treatment increases in vitrolipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase level and glutathione content by increasing oxidative stress in erythrocytes and hepatocytes of rats and selenium and a combination of vitamin E and vitamin C can reduce this lipoperoxidative effect. Key words: Oxidative stress, red blood cells (RBCs), hepatocytes, atrazine, dimethoate, endosulfan, lipid peroxidation, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase.
IoTSAX: A Dynamic Abstractive Entity Summarization Approach With Approximation and Embedding-Based Reasoning Rules in Publish/Subscribe Systems

Users are interested in entity information and may use paradigms like publish/subscribe systems in Internet of Things (IoT), where entity-centric data comes from multiple sources. The IoT application demands contributed to the data integration and semantic interoperability need while maintaining high usability and low processing system resources usage. Existing approaches dealt with semantic interoperability by using/extending ontologies with strict schemata/semantics and difficult to be updated. Other approaches tackled high usability by providing sensor data abstractions that infer high-level knowledge, but they are either complex for real-time processing or have semantic/syntactic coupling making them nonflexible. Therefore, our key question is: can a dynamic entity summarization system that provides high-level abstractions while ensuring semantic/syntactic decoupling, and low use of processing system resources, be defined? In this article, we address this question by proposing the abstractive publish/subscribe summarization system that provides abstractive summaries of numerical IoT data for user-friendly subscriptions by using IoTSAX, an enhanced symbolic aggregate approximation (SAX) methodology for dynamic IoT environments, and approximate rule-based reasoning by using embedding models. Our results for two use cases, medicine and smart cities, show that although abstraction can be 2 to 3 times slower in latency, it achieves up to 98% reduction in the notifications’ number. IoTSAX outperforms SAX in approximation error up to 2 to 3 times more and in compression space-saving percentage when data redundancy occurs, while it has a similar or better latency and throughput performance. Finally, concept hierarchy-based embedding models can achieve F-scores of up to 0.87 for approximate rule-based reasoning.
Clubfoot management in the Middle East: a survey-based review

Clubfoot is the most frequent congenital deformity involving the foot. Little is known about the management of this disease in the Middle East as sparse data is available in the literature. Through the last 5 decades, congenital clubfoot management in the Middle East went from manipulation through Kite’s technique in the late seventies, to early primary surgical intervention in the late eighties and early nineties of the previous century, and then back to manipulation with Ponseti’s technique and the French functional technique in the late nineties, with the latter falling out of favor with time. This is comparable to the evolution of management witnessed in the United States and in Europe, with 10 to 15 years of delay. The delay is getting shorter with time due to the easier access to published scientific data and the increasing number of fellows from Middle East travelling to referral centers in Europe and the USA. A survey was performed among pediatric orthopedic surgeons in the Middle East to assess their approach to clubfoot management. This is the first survey of its kind in the region. It showed a wide adoption (97.1%) of the Ponseti’s technique with serial manipulation and casting, Achilles tenotomy followed by abduction bracing. Divergent practices were found concerning the upper age limit for Ponseti treatment and the setting of the Achilles tenotomy. Nevertheless, these subjects are still a matter of debate in the literature and international conferences. All in all, pediatric orthopedic surgeons in the Middle East are offering their patients the gold standard of care. However, lot of work is to be done in raising awareness for this disease in the community, and among our colleagues as prenatal screening for clubfoot in the Middle East is practically nonexistent.
Modeling and Simulation of Permanent Magnet Brushless Motor Drives using Simulink

Permanent Magnet Brushless Motors (PMBL) are available in two types namely Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) with a sinusoidal flux distribution, and Permanent Magnet Brushless DC motor (PMBLDC) with trapezoidal flux distribution. This paper presents simulink-based modeling of the complete drive system consisting of the current controlled voltage source inverter (CC-VSI), PI speed controller, motor and the load. The simulation results are given both for transient and steady state operating conditions of PMSM and PMBLDC drive systems.
Early Exercise Behaviour in Performance-vested Stock Option Grants

Stock options in executive compensation packages influence risk taking behaviour through the sensitivities of executive wealth to stock price (delta) and stock return volatility (vega). In the context of performance-vested stock options (PVSOs), this paper carries out a sensitivity analysis of the PVSO value and incentives to examine the effect of considering the executive's early exercise behaviour that arises from risk aversion in the valuation framework. The results show the importance of taking into account voluntary early exercise in order to avoid the overvaluation of PVSO value and risk incentives, particularly when the PVSO is in-the-money. It will allow us to obtain correct conclusions about delta and vega and their effects on executive risk-taking behaviour.
A Power Booster Factor for Out-of-Sample Tests of Predictability

In this paper we introduce a “power booster factor” for out-of-sample tests of predictability. The relevant econometric environment is one in which the econometrician wants to compare the population Mean Squared Prediction Errors (MSPE) of two models: one big nesting model, and another smaller nested model. Although our factor can be used to improve the power of many out-of-sample tests of predictability, in this paper we focus on boosting the power of the widely used test developed by Clark and West (2006, 2007). Our new test multiplies the Clark and West t-statistic by a factor that should be close to one under the null hypothesis that the short nested model is the true model, but that should be greater than one under the alternative hypothesis that the big nesting model is more adequate. We use Monte Carlo simulations to explore the size and power of our approach. Our simulations reveal that the new test is well sized and powerful. In particular, it tends to be less undersized and more powerful than the test by Clark and West (2006, 2007). Although most of the gains in power are associated to size improvements, we also obtain gains in size-adjusted power. Finally we present an empirical application in which more rejections of the null hypothesis are obtained with our new test.
Radiation Effects in Flow through Porous Medium over a Rotating Disk with Variable Fluid Properties

The present study investigates the radiation effects in flow through porous medium over a permeable rotating disk with velocity slip and temperature jump. Fluid properties density , viscosity , and thermal conductivity are taken to be dependent on temperature. Particular case considering these fluid properties’ constant is also discussed. The governing partial differential equations are converted into nonlinear normal differential equation using similarity alterations. Transformed system of equations is solved numerically by using Runge-Kutta method with shooting technique. Effects of various parameters such as porosity parameter , suction parameter , rotational Reynolds number Re, Knudsen number Kn, Prandtl number Pr, radiation parameter , and relative temperature difference parameter on velocity profiles along radial, tangential, and axial direction and temperature distribution are investigated for both variable fluid properties and constant fluid properties. Results obtained are analyzed and depicted through graphs and table.