Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical and histopathological relationship of sildena fi l and bosentan treatments in rats with monocrotaline induced pulmonary hypertension

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a challenging disorder characterized by increasing pulmonary artery pressure, which is hard to treat. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to investigate the effects of bosentan, sildenafi l and their combination. METHODS: Saline or MCT were applied to Wistar rats. By the development of PAH (4th week), MCT-given rats were treated orally with bosentan, sildenafi l and combination of sildenafi l and bosentan or placebo. ECHO examinations were performed. Tissues obtained from all of the rats were evaluated under an electron microscope. RESULTS: Left ventricular end diastolic diameter signifi cantly increased in sildenafi l and combined groups. Sildenafi l group revealed a signifi cant decrease in RV pressure and wall thickness. Examination of lung revealed a signifi cant amount of connective tissue formation and increase in infl ammatory cells in all the groups except controls in the interalveolar septum. Examination of PA revealed an increase in connective tissue volume, hypertrophic changes and expansions in granular endoplasmic reticulum cisternaes in smooth muscle cells in active groups rather than in the controls. Unlike the controls, the examination of the RV revealed an enlargement of the sarcoplasmic reticulum cisternaes in some cells, due to the calcium increase. CONCLUSION: Sildenafi l and the combined therapy demonstrated to have more impact on pressure and the RV parameters in rats, with lower infl ammatory fi ndings in lung tissue (Fig. 6, Ref. 31). Text in PDF www.elis. sk.
Government debt in Greece: an empirical analysis

Greek government debt has been increasing above the percentage stated in the growth and stability path from 112.9% in 2008 to 175.6% in 2013. This paper investigates the determinants of the general government debt in Greek by means of Vector Error Correction Model framework, Variance Decomposition and Generalized Impulse Response Function Analysis. The analysis showed a significant negative relationship between general government debt and government deficit, general government debt and inflation. Shocks to general government and inflation will cause general government debt to increase. Government deficit should be increased since there is gross capital formation included in its calculation which could be invested in income generating projects. The current account balance should be reduced by improving the net trade balance.
Authentication of secret data using video and audio steganography with wireless transmission

Steganography is a science of covered writing in which the data is hidden in the carrier vessel . The carrier vessel can be image, audio ,video , text . The video have more hiding capacity to store more data than the rest of the vessel media. Various algorithm are available such as LSB substitution algorithm DCT algorithm ,SLSB algorithm ,etc . All of these algorithm have less hiding capacity moreover they are less secure and easily detectable by unauthorized users. BPCS algorithm (Bit plane complexity segmentation ) in which the image frame of video is decomposed into bit planes from LSB to MSB . The data is stored in complex area of the bit planes so the hiding becomes undetectable and moreover the capacity to store data increases.To increase more security the video steganography is combined with the LSB audio steganography.Both transmitting party and and receiving party is provided with the authorization key, thus the unauthorized user cannot access secret data without the authorization key . The level of hiding capacity is thus increased along with enhanced security level.
Measurements of the elemental abundances of ultra-heavy galactic cosmic rays from Cu through Sr from the CRIS experiment on the ACE satellite

The Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer (CRIS) instrument was launched on the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite in August 1997 and has been collecting data steadily since that time. The large geometrical factor of CRIS, combined with the very long exposure time and the extended solar minimum, has enabled us to meas- ure the cosmic ray composition of the more abundant elements from Zn (Z=30) up to Sr (Z=38). We have collected a total of ~700 nuclei heavier than Ni (Z=28) with energies in the range of ~175 to 535 MeV/nucleon. In this paper we report the elemental composition measurements and compare them with those obtained from the Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder (TIGER) experiment and with models of cosmic ray origin. We obtain generally good agreement with the TIGER data and find that both the refractory and volatile element abundances exhibit a mass dependence, as was observed in the TIGER experiment.
Determinants of capital structure: An empirical study on Vietnamese listed firms

This paper aims to explore the capital structure of listed Vietnamese companies in an updated context of financial development (the recent situation of domestic equity and debt capital market). By applying Random Effect model for panel data, we analyze 05 firm-specific and 01 country-specific determinants of capital structure based on the data set of 228 firms listed on Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange during the period 2010 – 2014. The results indicated that The Pecking Order theory better explains the financing behaviors of Vietnamese listed firms. Accordingly, although in recent years, Vietnam’s equity market and corporate debt capital market have evolved considerably, the capital structure of Vietnamese companies are still dominated by the use of short-term financing sources. High-growth firms or large-sized firms still rely heavily on external debt rather than equity issuance while State-owned enterprises (SOE) are reported to have positive association with the use of long-term financing sources. This study proposed some recommendations to the policymakers in two dimensions: improving the efficiency and role of capital markets to mitigate the reliance on short-term funds and ensuring that bank finance is allocated on a commercial basis.
Estimation of across country genetic parameters for MACE based on DYD's or deregressed proofs

A method to estimate (co)variances for MACE based on AI-REML was introduced by Madsen et al. (2000). This method yielded similar estimates as obtained by the method of Klei & Weigel (1998) on mastitis and milk somatic cell field data. A simulation study to validate the AI-REML and two EM-REML methods was conducted by Madsen et al. (2001). The simulation study included 4 populations with different degree of exchange of germ plasm and 3 traits with different heritability and selection intensity. Deregressed proofs (DER) and daughter yield deviations (DYD) calculated after 20 years of selection was used to validate the estimation procedure. The main conclusions from the previous study were:
Differentiation and search for palatability-factors of world-wide rice grains by PCR method

米の食味に品種が強く影響することはよく知られているが,品種特性はDNAによって規定される. そこで,本研究では,これまでに蓄積した品種判別用の各種プライマーおよび新たに開発したデンプン特性やタンパク質組成に関係するプライマーを用いるPCRを利用したDNA食味推定技術の開発を目的に研究を行い,以下の結果を得た. (1)米の主成分であるデンプンの特徴は米の食味に強くかかわっているので,結合型デンプン合成酵素,可溶性デンプン合成酵素,枝作り酵素,枝切り酵素などに関係するプライマーを用いたPCRによって各種の米から抽出した鋳型DNAを増幅し,インド型あるいは日本型系統の比較を行い, DBEなどの部分配列が両者の間で相違していることを見いだした. (2)米タンパク質の主成分である,グルテリンおよびプロラミンに関係するプライマーを使用したPCRの結果,グルテリン関連遺伝子の一部がインド型米と日本型米で相違していることを見いだした. (3)これらのプライマーを用いたPCRによって増幅される識別DNAバンドの出現の有無を1(出現)あるいは0(出現せず)と2値化し,説明変数とした. 一方,食味の構成要因である,アミロース含量,タンパク質含量,米飯付着量および精米粉糊化特性を目的変数とし,重回帰分析によって重相関係数が,それぞれ0. 92, 0.81, 0.93, 0. 84の推定式を作製した. これらの推定式について,未知試料を用いて検討し,適用性を確かめた.
Does pay motivate volunteers

Volunteer work is an increasingly large, yet ill-understood sector of the economy. We show that monetary rewards undermine the intrinsic motivation of volunteers. A unique data set from Switzerland allows us to assess the effects of financial rewards on the effort put into volunteer work. There is a fairly standard pattern regarding the volunteers reaction e.g. to more labor market work hours. But we obtain the puzzling result that, when rewarded, volunteers work less. These findings are in line with a large literature in social psychology emphasizing that external rewards can undermine the intrinsic motivation for an activity. We show the implications for public policy towards volunteering.
Comparative Research on Highly Skilled Migrants. Can Qualitative Interviews Be Used in Order to Reconstruct a Class Position

BOURDIEUS Begriff der "Klassen auf dem Papier" ist auf den theoretischen Rahmen des Nationalstaats bezogen. Um der sozialen Lage von Migranten und Migrantinnen gerecht zu werden, die in mehr als einem Nationalstaat leben und arbeiten, muss sich die Ungleichheitsforschung mit sozialer und struktureller Transnationalisierung auseinander setzen. Als Antwort auf die im ersten Teil des Artikels formulierte Kritik stellt der zweite Teil einen Begriff von transnationaler Klassenbildung vor, auf dessen Grundlage in der Folge das methodische Vorgehen entwickelt wird. Am Beispiel hochqualifizierter MigrantInnen wird mit Hilfe qualitativer Daten und orientiert am Paradigma der "Grounded Theory" untersucht, wie und wo transnationale Klassenbildung stattfindet. Die Zielrichtung des Projekts unterscheidet sich insofern von vielen migrationssoziologischen Arbeiten, als nicht versucht wird, kulturelle Besonderheiten zu rekonstruieren. Vielmehr werden hochstqualifizierte MigrantInnen im Rahmen eines "qualitativen Experiments", dessen Logik im dritten Teil vorgestellt wird, als Befragte ausgewahlt und untersucht. Durch einen Vergleich von Deutschen, die in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenlandern entsandt wurden, mit IT-Fachkraften, die aus diesen Landern nach Deutschland gekommen sind, soll sich zeigen, ob Anhaltspunkte fur einen fortgesetzten Einfluss des Nationalstaats oder solche fur eine transnationale Klassenbildung uberwiegen. Da sich in transnationalen sozialen Raumen weder faktische Informationen noch Habitusindikatoren in einem einzigen Bezugsrahmen interpretieren lassen, verwendet die Studie viertens diverse Arten von Daten und analytischen Strategien. Das methodologische Vorgehen wird mit Befunden zur okonomischen Lage der Befragten illustriert. (Scheinbare) Widerspruche zwischen Selbsteinschatzungen und faktischen Angaben zur Kapitalausstattung werden verstandlich, wenn man die Bedeutung des Nationalstaats fur die Ausstattung mit offentlichen Gutern bedenkt. An diesem Beispiel kann im funften Teil des Artikels illustriert werden, wie abduktive Schlusse zur Entwicklung empirisch fundierter Theoriebildung beitragen. Abschliesend wird diskutiert, ob und wie sich die Strukturgeber, die hinter (trans-) nationaler Klassenbildung stehen, mittels qualitativer Forschung rekonstruieren lassen. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs060326
Delimiting species in the genus Otospermophilus (Rodentia: Sciuridae), using genetics, ecology, and morphology

This workwas supported by UC Berkeley Summer Undergradu-ate Research Fellowships to MAP and ML, UC Berke-ley Biology Fellows Program Awards to DRW and MAP,the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology UndergraduateBiodiversity Award, and the NSF DEB 0640859 to CM.
Identifying critical success factors for the implementation of enterprise resource planning systems in public educational institutions

The implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in Brazilian public educational institutions is considered critical and a time consuming process. Then this study aims to identify the Critical Success Factors (CSF) for the implementation of ERP systems in these organizations. A literature review, where 30 CSF used in scientific articles were identified, has been prepared. Based on found CSF, 20 were selected to compose a questionnaire constructed with the Likert scale and applied to 70 ERP systems specialists in educational institutions, in order to get the perception of the most CFS relevant during the pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation phases. As a result of this field survey, a ranking of the degree classification "very important" for 20 CFS was drafted by percentage in the ERP lifecycle. This work intends to contribute with a comprehension in terms of what CFS needs to be observed during each phase of the ERP systems implementation in educational institutions.
What Makes the Difference? Introducing an Integrated Information System Architecture for Employer Branding and Recruiting

In 2007 Erickson and Gratton asked “What it means to work here” and discussed the need for a structured approach to establishing an employer image among potential employees. In July 2007, Lee also proposed an architecture for a next-generation holistic e-recruiting system. Based on these ideas and a design science approach we propose an extension of this framework by adding employer branding as an important new component and structured sub-process. Based on an extensive review of IS and HR literature, we show how employer branding should be integrated into the existing architecture to develop and implement an effective employer branding strategy. The results are a first step towards an architecture for a holistic e-HR management system.
Solemya pervernicosa Lives in Sediment underneath Submerged Whale Carcasses: Its Biological Significance

Solemya pervernicosa, which had previously been regarded as a bathyal species restricted to northeastern Japan, occurred in the sediment underneath whale carcasses submerged experimentally on the shelf off Cape Noma-misaki, Satsuma Peninsula, southwestern Japan, at depths of 219–254 m. This occurrence represents a significant range extension. Transmission electron microscopic observations of the gill tissue revealed dense bacteria in the epithelial cells. A molecular phylogenetic analysis strongly indicated that these bacteria are thioautotrophs closely related to the thioautotrophic symbionts associated with Solemya reidi and Acharax johnsoni. Analysis of carbon and sulfur isotopes of soft tissues of S. pervernicosa proved that this bivalve depends nutritionally on thioautotrophic symbionts. However, it is not clear at present whether the symbiont is transmitted vertically, as with some other chemosynthetic bivalves, or environmentally.
Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy among People Living with HIV and AIDS in Far West, Nepal

Objective: Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy is a principal predictor for the success of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) treatment. It remains as a challenge to AIDS treatment and care with the wide spread of the associated risks. The study aims to assess adherence level and factors associated with adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) among people living with HIV and AIDS in Far West, Nepal. Material & Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Far West between May 2009 to September 2009. A total of 176 samples allowed with 95% CI and 5% error proportionately from four ART sites were drawn. Random sampling technique was used to recruit patients. Semi-structured questionnaire schedule adapted from the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) was used and pre-tested to collect data on drug adherence. We compared non-adherent patients with adherent patients and associations with key risk factors were determined.Results: An overall self reported adherence for a month was 84%. Those who were more than 95% adherent responded that use of watch, electronic devices such as mobiles, watch and calendar facilitated them to take the drugs regularly. Improved adherence was significantly determined by time to reach the health faility at terai (OR: 2.86, 1.10-7.47), disclosing of the HIV status (OR: 3.25; 1.02-10.19), the perceived positive benefits of ART (OR: 21.07; 6.79-68.04) and excellent satisfaction with the provider (OR: 13.11; 4.75-36.19). Travel cost more than 2$ (OR: 9.84; 3.44-28.73) was significant barrier to adherence. Conclusion: Timely detection of non-adherence behaviours and understanding of patients' difficulties with ART could potentially help patients for adherence and therefore improve the treatment outcomes in rural hilly Nepal. Government’s initiatives towards moral support for encouraging to join support group including discussions of side-effects, and everyday problems in sticking to a regimen and financial support to PHLA should be promoted to optimize the adherence rate.Key Words: Adherence; ART; PLHA; Far West NepalDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v2i1. 4290Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 7-13
Texture Image Optimization Segmentation Based on the SLIC Algorithm

The superpixels gathered by high similar pixels can effectively reduce the redundancy of the image and the complexity of the subsequent image processing. In this paper, a new method combined with SLIC (simple linear inerative clustering) algorithm and the energy optimization function to segment texture image is proposed. SLIC approach is used to obtain the initial superpixels, and optimization function can relocate new center points to creat more homogeneous superpixels. It has been shown that this method performs better adaptability in the complex texture image.
IMPLEMENTING ASSESSMENT FOR LEARNING IN THE CHINESE EFL CONTEXT: AN EXPLORATORY ACTION RESEARCH

This article reports on a two-year-long action research project, where Assessment for Learning (AfL) was implemented in a tertiary foreign language classroom in China. It aims to seek answers to three research questions. First, to what extent can AfL impact on learner autonomy? Second, to what extent can AfL effectively improve learners’ proficiency of the target language? Third, what factors may influence the implementation of AfL? The qualitative data elicited from the interviews with learners, triangulated with the quantitative data from questionnaires, revealed that AfL is a rather effective way of promoting learner autonomy. In addition, quantitative data from a pre- and post-test lend support to the hypothesis that AfL in general achieves overall beneficial effects on learners’ language proficiency, though there are differential effects on sub-groups, i.e. female vs. male, and Shanghainese vs. non-Shanghainese. This study also pinpoints certain factors that are possibly conducive to or constraining the implementation of AfL in the Chinese EFL context.
Variational Reduction for the Transport Equation in a Multiple Branching Plants Growth Model

Plant growth depends essentially on nutrients coming from the roots and metabolites produced by the plant. Appearance of new branches is determined by concentrations of certain plant hormones. The most important of them are Auxin and Cytokinin. Auxin is produced in the growing, Cytokinin in either roots or in growing parts. Many dynamical models of this phenomena have been studied in [1]. In [5], the authors deal with one branch model. In this work, we focus our interest on a multiple branch model. We deal with the transport equation in domains of different sizes. A variational reduction type method [3] based on asymptotic partial decomposition introduced in [2] (see also [4]) is used. In this work we consider the transport equation in decomposed domain with a general right hand side
The first report of diplostomiasis from cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Turkey

Larval Goz Diplostomias (LED)’in etkeni olan Diplostomum spp. 'nin metaserkerleri tatli su baliklarinin goz lenslerinde yerleserek hastalik ilerledikce dejenerasyon, lenslerde opasite (katarakt) ve korluge yol acmaktadir. Gorme yetisini kaybeden baliklarda yem alimi engellenmektedir ve bu durum istah kaybina yol acmakta ve sekonder enfeksiyonlarin da gelismesi ile birlikte mortalite kacinilmaz hale gelmektedir. Tatli su yumusakcalari ve su kuslari hastaligin yakin ciftliklere hizla yayilmasinda onemli role sahiptir. Bu calismada, Turkiye'nin guneydogusunda bulunan 24 balik ciftliginden toplanan 534 alabalik ornegi LED acisindan muayene edilmistir. Degisen derecelerde lens opasitesi gosteren 30 balikta histopatolojik bulgular degerlendirilmistir. Ayrica, bu baliklar bakteriyel etkenler acisindan da incelenmistir. Bu calismanin sonucunda, Diplostomum spp. metaserkerleri baliklarin lenslerinde yaygin olarak tespit edilmistir. Belirgin lens opakligi gorulen baliklarda fokalden yaygina degisen subkapsuler katarakt gozlemlenmistir. Katarakt lezyonlari lens epitelinin kapsuler ruptur bolgesinde anormal proliferasyonu ile siklikla bunu izleyen dejenerasyon, fragmentasyon ve bitisik kortikal lens liflerinde sivilasma belirtilerini icermektedir. Buna ek olarak, 24 ciftligin 10'unda Lactococcus garvieae de izole edilmistir
Real Assets, Liquidation Value and Choice of Financing

We use real estate firms to examine how asset liquidation values influence a firm's financing choice, because the productivity and quality of each asset is observable and potential measures of an asset's liquidation value are easier to ascertain ex ante. We show that compared to firms that issue equity, firms that issue debt have higher asset quality. The effect of their expected asset liquidation value is significant, even after we control for other factors that influence financing decisions. For firms whose assets' quality is not easily observable, we find that firms' financing choices depend heavily on conditions in the overall real estate market.
Mining Dynamic Communities based on a Novel Link-Clustering Algorithm

Discovering communities in time-varying social networks is one of the highly challenging area of research and researchers are welcome to propose new models for this domain. The issue is more problematic when overlapping structure of communities is going to be considered. In this research, we present a new online and incremental community detection algorithm called link-clustering which uses link-based clustering paradigm intertwined with a novel representative-based algorithm to handle these issues. The algorithm works in both weighted and binary networks and intrinsically allows for overlapping communities. Comparison with the state of art evolutionary algorithms and link-based clustering shows the accuracy of this method in detecting communities over times and motivates the extended research in link-based clustering paradigm for dynamic overlapping community detection purpose.
A novel approach to the hierarchical co-clustering in text mining with zone contents and metadata

2 Abstract: Nowadays, in many text mining applications, eloquent quantity of information from document is present in the form of text. This text information contains distinct types of data such as metadata and zones where metadata can also be called as side information which includes title, name of author, document provenance information, links in the document, user access behavior from web logs and the content of zone can be abstract, body, conclusion etc. It becomes difficult to cluster both the types of information as this text information contains noise which can either improve the aspect of illustration of mining process or can count up noise to the process. As a result of this, there is a need of upright way to carry through mining process so as to increase the superiority of the text information. Co- Clustering discovers clusters of similar objects with regard to the value as well as clusters of similar features with regard to the object associated by them. Conforming to that, this paper represents review on most clustering and co- clustering techniques containing different kinds of data.