Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Sulfadimethoxine, Oxytetracycline, and Streptomycin Antibiotics in Three Types of Crop Plants—Root, Leafy, and Fruit

(1) Background: Plants act as the natural sink for a variety of toxins in the environment, including veterinary antibiotics (VAs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the uptake and fate of sulfadimethoxine (SDZ), oxytetracycline (OTC), and streptomycin (STR) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), carrot (Daucus carota), and pepper (Capsicum annum) grown in VAs amended soil. (2) Methods: 0, 50, and 100 mg kg−1 VA laced manure was applied in a sandy clay loam soil. (3) Results: 30-d (lettuce) and 60-d (carrot and pepper) greenhouse experiment showed that SDZ and OTC were taken up by all three plants, with concentrations in plant tissue ranging from 0.1 to 1.2 mg kg−1 dry weight. The concentration of VAs in plant tissues increased with a corresponding increase of antibiotics in manure. The highest plant tissue concentrations were found in carrot and lettuce, followed by pepper. An increase in NADPH P450 reductase and glutathione-s-transferase enzyme activity with increasing SDZ and OTC concentration was evident, signifying the induction of the detoxification process. The activity of plant detoxification enzymes under STR treatment was found not to be significantly different from control. (4) Conclusions: These results raise potential human health concerns of consuming low levels of antibiotics from produce grown on manure-amended soils. The result indicates that SDZ, OTC, and STR antibiotics posed high, medium, and low acute ecological risks in lettuce, carrot, and pepper plants when grown in sandy clay loam soil.
Widespread severe wildfires under climate change lead to increased forest homogeneity in dry mixed‐conifer forests

Climate warming in the western United States is causing changes to the wildfire regime in mixed-conifer forests. Rising temperatures, longer fire seasons, increased drought, as well as fire suppression and changes in land use, have led to greater and more severe wildfire activity, all contributing to altered forest composition over the past century. To understand future interactions among climate, wildfire, and vegetation in a fire-prone landscape in the southern Blue Mountains of central Oregon, we used a spatially explicit forest landscape model, LANDIS-II, to simulate forest and fire dynamics under current management practices and two projected climate scenarios. The results suggest that wildfires will become more frequent, more extensive, and more severe under projected climate than contemporary climate. Furthermore, projected climate change generated a 20% increase in the number of extreme fire years (years with at least 40,000 ha burned). This caused large shifts in tree species composition, characterized by a decline in the sub-alpine species (Abies lasiocarpa, Picea engelmannii, Pinus albicaulis) and increases in lowerelevation species (Pinus ponderosa, Abies grandis), resulting in forest homogenization across the elevational gradient. This modeling study suggests that climate-driven increases in fire activity and severity will make high-elevation species vulnerable to decline and will reduce landscape heterogeneity. These results underscore the need for forest managers to actively consider climate change, altered fire regimes, and projected declines in sub-alpine species in their long-term management plans.
Exploration of Interindividual Variability for Change in Waist Circumference and Body Weight in Response to Standardized Exercise

ii Co-Authorship . iv Acknowledgements. v List of Figures . ix List of Tables . x List of Abbreviations . xi Chapter 1. General Introduction . 1 Chapter 2. Literature Review . 4 2.1 Interindividual variability in response to exercise . 4 2.1.1 Does individual variability in response to exercise truly exist? 5 2.1. 2 Consideration of random variability . 7 2.1. 3 Consideration of within-subject variability . 7 2.1. 4 Consideration of clinical relevance . 8 2.1. 5 Studies considering SDR . 9 2.1. 6 Summary . 9 2.2 WC, mortality and morbidity . 10 2.3 BW, mortality and morbidity . 11 2.4 Exercise and change in WC and BW . 13 2.4. 1 Exercise and change in WC and BW for the group . 14 2.4. 1.1 Separate effects of exercise amount and intensity on change in WC and BW . 15 2.4. 2 Interindividual variability for change in WC in response to exercise . 16 2.4. 3 Interindividual variability for change in BW in response to exercise . 17 2.4. 4 Summary . 20 2.5 Determinants of change in WC and BW in response to exercise . 20 2.5. 1 Sex and baseline values . 21 2.5. 2 Physical activity . 22 2.5. 2.1 Accelerometry. 23 2.5. 3 Energy intake . 24 2.5. 3.1 Assessment of EI . 26 2.5. 3.2 Diet record . 27 2.5. 3.3 Web-based automated 24-h recall . 30 2.5. 4 Diet quality . 31
The Community Ecology of Herbivore Regulation in an Agroecosystem: Lessons from Complex Systems

Whether an ecological community is controlled from above or below remains a popular framework that continues generating interesting research questions and takes on especially important meaning in agroecosystems. We describe the regulation from above of three coffee herbivores, a leaf herbivore (the green coffee scale, Coccus viridis), a seed predator (the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei), and a plant pathogen (the coffee rust disease, caused by Hemelia vastatrix) by various natural enemies, emphasizing the remarkable complexity involved. We emphasize the intersection of this classical question of ecology with the burgeoning field of complex systems, including references to chaos, critical transitions, hysteresis, basin or boundary collision, and spatial self-organization, all aimed at the applied question of pest control in the coffee agroecosystem.
Factors contributing to injuries among handball players in tertiary institution a case study of Masvingo province, Zimbabwe

Sport injury has become an inescapable occupational menace in physical and sporting circles due to the current high entry of people into sport for competition and entertainment reasons. This inclination has seen a shift of interest from therapeutic process towards more of injury protective mechanisms with regard to players’ physical uprightness. This study aimed at identifying the main risk factors that contributed to injury occurrence during training and competition in Masvingo Province tertiary handball between 2014 and 2015. It sought to determine and examine the relationships between external and athlete-triggered risk factors, injury outcomes and their impact on player performance. This study was an epidemiological prospective cohort design with 153 college players, 18-30 years drawn from ten male and female handball teams of Masvingo Province. It was conducted with the view to recommend plausible preventive safe playing environments from the existing high cumulative injury incidences players experienced. A total of 242 incidental injuries players sustained were from contact and non-contact situations. Contact injuries were greater in matches than training in both gender but with high figures being reported in females than men. Most injuries were located in lower limb than upper limb appendages. The most vulnerable sites were the knee, ankle/foot, shoulder, wrist, fingers, elbow and hip. The principal injury mechanisms that significantly contributed to injury sustenance were plant and cutting, shooting, blocking, turning, landing and dribbling. Findings were that injury occurrence is related to the interface between externally and athlete-related risk factors implying that injury occurrence is not confined to a single inciting factor, but to a host of variables. Handball training regimes need to focus on basic proprioceptive, sensomotoric, and neuromuscular aspects to address the frequently injured body limps. Exercise-based injury prevention programs, education on injury aetiology, identification of injury trends and situational risk factors, should be iii practically instituted and ingrained as correctional concerns by coaches and associations in handball.
Fatal spontaneous rupture of common iliac artery associated with fibromuscular dysplasia

ABSTRACT A previously healthy 25-year-old man with no known risk factors was presented at the emergency room with a 3 h history of abdominal and loin pain. Physical examination and lab data showed no specific findings except tenderness, slight white cell count elevation and decreased haemoglobin level. The patient's condition deteriorated over the following hours and he died despite resuscitation attempts. Autopsy revealed a 2.5-cm longitudinal tear in the intima of the right common iliac artery, which formed a thrombosed false lumen extending to the abdominal aorta proximally and to the left common iliac artery. Histopathologic examination revealed the characteristic changes of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). FMD involving the common iliac arteries is extremely rare; only six cases have been reported previously, and only two of those included forensic findings. The presented case is the first case of FMD with intimal tearing in the right common iliac artery, with propagation to the left common iliac artery and abdominal aorta. When a previously healthy young adult without hypertension or other risk factors presents with acute abdominal and loin pain, systemic vascular disease should be on the list of differential diagnoses. Careful and complete evaluation of multiple arteries can be critical.
Cystic fibrosis defects in intestinal bile acid and guanylin signaling : Signaal transductie door galzouten en guanylines in cystic fibrosis darmepitheel

markdownabstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by dysfunction of the Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) resulting in dehydration and acidification of the luminal surface of CFTR-expressing epithelia. Combined, these factors lead to accretion of viscous mucus and inspissation of the contents of exocrine pancreatic and biliary ducts, and the gut lumen leading to maldigestion, malabsorption, bacterial overgrowth, intestinal obstruction, CF liver and lung disease. Lung disease in CF is major cause of morbidity and mortality. Also, the gastrointestinal complication of CF have become a significant cause of morbidity and distress among patients as clinical management of CF patient has improved their life expectancy leading to an increased frequent of CF gastrointestinal complications. However, there remains an unmet need for effective treatment of the pulmonary as well as the non-pulmonary (gastrointestinal) complications of CF. Presently, available treatment of CF disease either targets the end organ pathology (old strategy) or the new strategy which is the CFTR-target pharmacotherapy. This new strategy is prohibitively expensive and targets a subset of patient. Therefore a search for cost effect, mutation-agnostic therapies which rely on improving symptomatic treatment and/or on alternative strategies to correct the luminal dehydration/acidification defect, is still warranted. In this thesis, we showed that CF mice have defective intestinal bile acid and guanylin signaling which contributes to intestinal bacterial dysbiosis and inflammation in the CF intestine. We showed antibiotic administration restores the intestinal microflora and bile signaling in CF. We also suggested that manipulating the bile acid and guanylin pathway can restore luminal fluidity and bile acid metabolism in CF.
The complete chloroplast genome of Dunnia sinensis (Rubiaceae): a monotypic species endemic to Guangdong, China

Abstract Dunnia sinensis, a monotypic genus of the Rubiaceae, is an Endangered species endemic to China. Its complete chloroplast genome was determined to be 154,909 bp in length and the GC content was 37.80%. The sequence includes a large single-copy region of 84,894 bp, a small single-copy region of 16,973 bp, and the inverted region of 26,521 bp in length. It contains 130 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The ML and BI analyses revealed D. sinensis was closely related to Galium mollugo and Leptodermis scabrida with strong bootstrap values belonging to the subfamily Rubioideae.
Laser Irradiation Effects at Different Wavelengths on Phenology and Yield Components of Pretreated Maize Seed

This study aims to compare the effects of different laser wavelengths, exposure times, and low-power-intensity laser irradiation on maize seeds. Seeds were exposed to He–Ne (632.8 nm) red laser, Nd:YAG second-harmonic-generation (532 nm) green laser, and diode (410 nm) blue laser. Four different exposure times (45, 65, 85, and 105 s) with different intensity (2 and 4 mW/cm2), for each laser were tested. Phenology and yield components (plant height, leaf area, number of rows per ear, seed yield, harvest index, yield efficiency, and grain weight) were determined. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant height was found comparatively high in blue laser light—211 cm at 85 s. Blue and green laser lights showed significant increases in the number of rows per ear to 39.1 at 85 s and 45 at 65 s, respectively, compared to the control of 36 rows/ear. The order of seed yield was blue (7003.4 kg/ha) > green (6667.8 kg/ha) > red (6568.01 t/ha) based on different exposure times of 85 s, 85 s, and 105 s, respectively, compared to the control of 6.9 kg/ha. The findings indicate the possibility of using blue laser light to manipulate the growth and yield of maize.
Understanding the Genesis of Neurophobia: A Mixed-Methods Study of Trainees' Perceptions of Neurology Education (P04.255)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent to which “neurophobia” exists among medical students, to determine if students9 perceptions of neurology differ by year of study and to explore the factors that contribute to the development of “neurophobia. ” BACKGROUND: “Neurophobia”, or the avoidance of neurology by medical trainees, has been demonstrated in many studies; however, no studies have examined how and why it develops. DESIGN/METHODS: We used a two-phase, sequential, mixed methods explanatory design in this single centre study. Phase 1 involved the collection and analysis of a questionnaire administered to students in the first 3 years of medical school. Phase 2 involved focus groups with a subgroup of students who demonstrated potential evidence of neurophobia in Phase 1. RESULTS: 152 questionnaires were completed (response rates of 36.8%, 44.3% and 18.7% for first, second and third year students, respectively). One-way ANOVAs showed that students9 perceptions of neurology differed significantly (p CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that neurophobia decreases following students9 participation in second-year neurology blocks, but that third year students continue to show signs of neurophobia. It also provides insight into why neurophobia exists amongst medical students and sheds light on pre-existing and emerging factors contributing to this sense of neurophobia. Supported by: Academy for Innovation in Medical Education (AIME), University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ontario, Canada. Disclosure: Dr. Fantaneanu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moreau has nothing to disclose. Dr. Eady has nothing to disclose. Dr. Clarkin has nothing to disclose. Dr. De Meulemeester has nothing to disclose. Dr. MacLean has received personal compensation for activities with Novartis Canada. Dr. Barrowman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Doja has nothing to disclose.
Insilico Analysis Reveal Three novel nsSNPs May effect on GM2A protein Leading to AB variant of GM2 gangliosidosis

Background AB variant of GM2 gangliosidosis caused as a result of mutations in GM2 activator gene (GM2A) which is regarded as neurodegenerative disorder. This study aimed to predict the possible damaging SNPs of this gene and their impact on the protein using different bioinformatics tools. Methods SNPs retrieved from the NCBI database were analyzed using several bioinformatics tools. The different tools collectively predicted the effect of single nucleotide substitution on both structure and function of GM2 activator. Results Three novel mutations were found to be highly damaging to the structure and function of the GM2A gene. Conclusion Four SNPs were found to be highly damaging SNPs that affect function, structure and stability of GM2A protein, which they are: C99Y, C112F, C138S and C138R, three of them are novel SNPs (C99Y, C112F and C138S). Also 46 SNPs were predicted to affect miRNAs binding sites on 3’UTR leading to abnormal expression of the resulting protein. These SNPs should be considered as important candidates in causing AB variant of GM2 gangliosidosis and may help in diagnosis and genetic screening of the disease.
Interoperability Techniques in CrowdHEALTH project: The Terminology Service

Introduction: Healthcare information systems’ (HIS) lack of interoperability remains a challenge and a barrier for important health-related events detection. While relevant techniques are based on medical standards and technologies, these techniques do not follow a holistic approach. The creation of a set of tools that fulfils the needs of interoperability is needed. Aim: The aim of this paper is to present the terminology service envisioned while defining the initial design of the Interoperability solution proposed for the CrowdHEALTH project. Methods: In the CrowdHEALTH project, specific subcomponents responsible for providing the appropriate functionalities have been designed: The rule engine for the implementation of the business logic, the Structure Mapping Service which is responsible for creating and managing the knowledge related to the link that exists between information structures, or mappings between them and the Terminology Service for providing a set of operations on medical terminologies used for the coding of medical knowledge, which fill the information structures. Results: Therefore, it is possible to provide a series of functionalities about these information elements found within more complex structures expressed in a local code and translated into other standardized medical terminology. Towards this end, CrowdHEALTH presents the terminology service envisioned in the context of the initial design of the interoperability solution. Conclusion: CrowdHEALTH project provides an infrastructure to convert the clinical information into meaningful data so that healthcare systems communicate effectively. This initial proposal will be further extended and tested during the project life circle.
Inversor tipo String basado en red cuasi-Z para aplicación en fotovoltaica residencial

espanolEsta tesis pretende dar solucion a algunos de los problemas actuales que presentan los convertidores electronicos de potencia (PEC), concretamente el alto DFR (Rizado de Doble Frecuencia) en la potencia de entrada de inversores monofasicos que empeora la eficiencia del MPPT (Maximum Power Point). Para reducir el DFR se utilizan condensadores de alto valor de capacidad, que se pueden reducir utilizando tecnicas de desacoplamiento pasivas o activas (Active Power Decoupling, APD). En este trabajo introduce un nuevo CEP basado en ISN (Impedance Source Network) o qZSN qZSN (quasi Z Source Network), que permite introducir mejoras en cuanto a la inmunidad en ST (Shoot - Through ) y CIC (Continuous Input Current ). Tambien se propone el BIC (Battery Interface Converter) que proporciona energia incluso sin fuente de entrada, y se elige el el controlador dPR (damped Proportional Resonant ) con circuito HC (Harmonic Compensation) para conseguir la calidad requerida y que permite ademas evitar los picos de corriente producidos durante el periodo de arranque, evitando asi la actuacion de la proteccion de corriente. Para la eliminacion de los picos de la tension del bus de continua durante el proceso de arranque, se propone un controlador PID, mientras que para compensar las perdidas de energia adicionales causadas por el BIC se propone el enfoque de APD. Los resultados teoricos han sido confirmados en pruebas experimentales con un prototipo qZSI con BIC, demostrando que el sistema propuesto se adapta a las exigencias de las instalaciones residenciales fotovoltaicas. EnglishThis thesis intends to give a solution to some of the problems that arise in the Power Electronic Converters (PEC) at the present, namely the high Double Frequency Ripple (DFR) in the input power of single-phase inverters that decrease efficiency of MPPT (Maximum Power Point) algorithm. In order to reduce DFR input power, capacitors with high capacitance are used, that can be avoided with the solution proposed in this thesis, substituting them for other decoupling ones using active (Active Power Decoupling, APD) or passive techniques. This work introduced a new PEC based on ISN (Impedance Source Network) o qZSN (quasi Z Source Network), allowing introducing advantages related with ST (Shoot - Through) and CIC (Continuous Input Current) immunity. A Battery Interface Converter (BIC) is proposed to produce energy even without any supply. Optimized dPR (damped Proportional Resonant) controller with the HC circuit was selected to avoid current spikes during the start-up period, which may cause the current trigger protection. PID controller was used to stabilize the dc-link voltage during the boost mode. Finally, to compensate the additional power losses caused by BIC, the APD approach is adopted. The theoretical results were confirmed by experimental results that were achieved by building up a qZSI with a BIC prototype. The tests showed that the designed qZSI with BIC fulfil residential photovoltaic application requirements.
The Effect of Motivation-Opportunity-Ability (MOA) Framework in SME's Social Media Marketing Adoption

This research aimed to find out the factors which affected UKM/SME (small and medium sized enterprises) in adopting Facebook Ads. The factors utilized adoption model which has been developed in previous research by inserting Opportunity and Ability factors as a moderating effect between the influence of intention to use facebook ads toward the adoption of facebook ads. The background of this study was the need for the demand for the use of information technology, especially social networking in SME communication with consumers. This was intended to make SMEs survive in current technological developments. The model used in this research consisted of ten variables with nine hypotheses. Based on a survey of 100 SMEs in Indonesia, it was found that social image and perceived usefulness had a positive influence on intention to use Facebook Ads. However, there was no moderation effect from the Opportunity and Ability variable groups toward the relationship between Intention to use Facebook ads to Facebook Ads Adoption.
The Emperor’s Cadlina, hidden diversity and gill cavity evolution: new insights for the taxonomy and phylogeny of dorid nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)

Dorids are one of the largest nudibranch groups, encompassing more than 2000 species. One of the crucial problems with tracing the evolution of dorids is the relationship between cryptobranch dorids (gill cavity present) and phanerobranch dorids (gill cavity absent). Integrative morphological and molecular studies of the enigmatic Japanese dorid species of the cryptobranch genus Cadlina, C. japonica and ‘C. ’ sagamiensis, which were collected by the Emperor of Japan (Shōwa era), are presented here for the first time. It is shown that while C. japonica does belong to the Cadlina clade, another Japanese species ‘C. ’ sagamiensis is not part of the cryptobranch dorids of the family Cadlinidae, but is related to both the phanerobranch dorid family, Hexabranchidae, and to the cryptobranch family Cadlinellidae stat. nov. A new genus, Showajidaia gen. nov., and new family, Showajidaiidae fam. nov., are proposed for ‘C. ’ sagamiensis, and four new species of the genus Cadlina are described based on a dorid-wide molecular phylogenetic analysis, which is the first substantial update of the dorid family system since 2010. Integration of phylogenetic data with an ontogenetic model of dorid evolution suggests that cryptobranch organization can be most reliably assessed as the ancestral state for the majority of dorids.