Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reducing WSN simulation runtime by using multiple simultaneous instances

WSN can be deployed using widely available hardware and software solutions. The Contiki is an open source operative system compatible with a wide range of WSN hardware. A Contiki development environment named InstantContiki is also available and includes the Cooja simulation tool, useful for the simulation of WSN scenarios, prior to their deployment. This simulation tool can provide realistic results since it uses the full Contiki’s source code and some motes can be emulated at the hardware level. However, the Cooja simulator uses one process per simulation, not taking advantage of multiple core processors. In this paper we propose a framework to automate the execution of simulations of multiple scenarios and configurations in Cooja. When a multiple cores processor is available, this framework can run multiple simultaneous Cooja instances, taking advantage of processing resources and contributing to reduce the total simulation runtime.
Markdown for Librarians and Academics

Markdown is simple syntax that makes it easy to build documents using basic markup. Users format a document using Markdown and the document can then be transformed into a wide variety of document formats, either with a dedicated Markdown editor or via a third-party tool. Markdown works much like HTML. An HTML document can be built using nothing more than a text editor, with the author using HTML tags to format the document and a Web browser to interpret and render the tags. Markdown does this same thing using a simpler syntax and rendering in a wider range of file formats. Markdown has gained some popularity within academia as part of the plain text movement, which keeps content readable and editable across platforms and devices, while also leaving the content easy to manipulate (Mullen 2011). One example of the simplicity of the Markdown syntax is paragraph breaks. In HTML these require the use of tags around content. Markdown does the same thing with a hard return, much like a word processor. Another examples is italics: In a word processor, these require either a button push or a combination of keys, where in Markdown the user puts an asterisk at the beginning and end of the text to be italicized. It’s a very flexible markup that allows users to convert it into other document formats, from PDF to various word-processing formats. This flexibility is what makes Markdown such an effective tool for academics. It makes content reusable, so a blog post can easily be transformed into a word-processed paper or class handout without having to reformat the text each time. Markdown does not give you the granular control of LaTeX, another markup language popular within certain academic disciplines, but it is a solid compromise. Plus, Markdown can be converted into LaTeX. Markdown was created by blogger John Gruber. It caught on in the coding world, as it’s used in programming-centric communities like GitHub,
Knowledge-Based Multi-Spectral Image Classification

A new approach to the problem of classifying surface materials in satellite multi-spectral imagery is described and demonstrated in this paper. Surface material classes are defined heuristically using rules which describe the typical appearance of the material under specified conditions in terms of relative image measures. A knowledge-based approach allows expert knowledge of the domain to be used directly to develop classification rules. An expert system is currently being developed in the Zetalisp/Flavors programming environment on the Symbolics 3600 Lisp Machine. An example of its use in classifying Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery is presented.
Metadata and Bibliographic Control: Soul-Mates or Two Solitudes?

SUMMARY The historical interweaving of evolving trends and applications in metadata and bibliographic control seems largely absent from the literature. To address this apparent gap in perspective, some historic and more recent developments related to each are traced, along with some speculation about future directions. Cataloguing rules are ancestors to the current lineage of bibliographic standards. Metadata schemas have been developed to meet the needs of particular fields or domains and to support a variety of functions related to resource discovery. While differences between the tools of bibliographic control and of metadata application still remain, the similarities have become sufficient to warrant a confluence in terminology and definition. While internationally determined codes and standards have fostered the goal of universal bibliographic control, syntactic structures, semantic element sets, transmission protocols, cross-schema mappings, and metadata harvesting tools have been instrumental to realizing the concept of interoperability.
What is good teaching of computer networks?

In this paper it is argued, based on theoretical as well as empirical grounds, that a university teacher in computer networks can improve students' learning by being aware of the different ways in which the students understand the concepts that he or she teaches. The distinct, qualitatively different, ways, in which students understand the network protocol TCP (transmission control protocol), have been revealed in a research project, performed with a phenomenographic qualitative approach. The perceptions of TCP held among the students have been evaluated, based on situational appropriateness and richness. The results indicate that all the ways in which TCP is understood in the group are relevant during different phases of a software development project, and with different tasks at hand. Thus, a teacher should encourage students to understand what he or she teaches in different ways and should help them to choose in a relevant way between these perceptions. These results are also related to current research into students' learning, which clearly demonstrate that teaching, based on results of this type, promotes better understanding.
Research on Clustering Analysis Based on SOM

In this paper, we present an improved text clustering algorithm. It not only maintains the self-organizing features of SOM network, but also makes up the disadvantages of the bad clustering effect caused by the inadequate selection of K-means algorithm. Firstly, data is preprocessed to form vector space model for subsequent process. Then, we analyze the features of original clustering algorithm and SOM algorithm, and plan an improved SOM clustering algorithm to overcome low stability and poor quality of original algorithm. The experimental results indicate that the improved algorithm has a higher accuracy and has a better stability, compared with the original algorithm.
Global modeling approach for multisensor problems

A global modeling approach for multisensor problems has been investigated. It is also applied to multi-target tracking problems. The key development of this approach is that a decentralized filtering algorithm is used for data fusion and state estimation problems in a multi-target tracking system. Via the proposed mathematical models, the data fusion and track-to-track correlation problems can be solved in a global way.
Adaptive generative radio channel models

Generative channel models based on finite state models are introduced. The main method applied is separated quantisation of the various fading processes and their superposition to the channel process. A homogeneous finite state Markov model is proposed with constant transition probabilities to characterize the process. The transition probabilities are derived by two different algorithms. The fading processes are modelled separately. Thus, the transition probabilities are independent from parameters like e.g. the mean of the process. Due to this type of independence, these models are very useful for stochastic simulation and mathematical analysis of mobile radio networks. The resulting error process can be modelled by a discrete-time equivalent of a well a known process of queueing theory, the Markov modulated Poisson process. Some properties of the resulting error process are derived, which are very useful for evaluating the performance of mobile radio systems.
Semantic Fusion of Image Annotation

In this paper, improve the image annotation with semantic meaning, and name the new algorithm for semantic fusion of image annotation, that is a image is given to be labeled, use of training data set, the word set, and a collection of image area and other information to establish the probability model ,estimates the joint probability by word and given image areas.The probability value as the size, combined with keywords relevant table that integrates lexical semantics to extract keywords as the most representative image semantic annotation results. The algorithm can effectively use large-scale training data with rich annotation, so as to achieve better recall and precision than the existing automatic image annotation ,and validate the algorithm in the Corel data set.
DENSE CLUMPS IN GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD: DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE DERIVED FROM 13CO(J = 3–2) OBSERVATIONS

In order to precisely determine the temperature and density of molecular gas in the Large Magellanic Cloud, we made observations of the optically thin 13CO(J = 3–2) transition using the ASTE 10 m telescope toward nine peaks where 12CO(J = 3–2) clumps were previously detected with the same telescope. The molecular clumps include those in giant molecular cloud (GMC) Types I (with no signs of massive star formation), II (with H ii regions only), and III (with H ii regions and young star clusters). We detected 13CO(J = 3–2) emission toward all the peaks and found that their intensities are 3–12 times lower than those of 12CO(J = 3–2). We determined the intensity ratios of 12CO(J = 3–2) to 13CO(J = 3–2), R12/133–2, and 13CO(J = 3–2) to 13CO(J = 1–0), R133–2/1–0, at 45″ resolution. These ratios were used in radiative transfer calculations in order to estimate the temperature and density of the clumps. The clumps have a kinetic temperature range of Tkin = 15–200 K and a molecular hydrogen gas density range of n(H2) = 8 × 102–7 × 103 cm−3. We confirmed that the higher density clumps have higher kinetic temperature and that the lower density clumps have lower kinetic temperature to better accuracy than in previous work. The kinetic temperature and density increase generally from a Type I GMC to a Type III GMC. We interpret that this difference reflects an evolutionary trend of star formation in molecular clumps. The R133–2/1–0 and kinetic temperature of the clumps are well correlated with the Hα flux, suggesting that the heating of molecular gas with density n(H2) = 103–104 cm−3 can be explained by stellar far-ultravoilet photons.
Motion information scalability for SNR scalability

Due to the large expansion of heterogeneous networks, the scalability features of next generation video coding schemes have become a very important topic for future developments. These algorithms enable to generate a universal (temporally, spatially and SNR) scalable bit-stream so that the video may be decodable by any kind of device from a mobile phone with narrow bandwidth and small display to a PC with DSL connection and large TFT display. In this paper we present a new approach to improve the SNR scalability for scalable video schemes by combining motion information scalability and texture updates in order to get an optimal trade-off between motion and texture for a given bit-rate. Consequently we can better exploit the redundancy between successive frames than the current strategies based on requantization and/or bit-plane coding.
An Integrated Framework for Biological Data Visualization

In the field of bioinformatics visualization, integrating software and data in different levels is the development trend. This paper presents an integration framework for biomolecular structure and genome sequences visualization. The framework can effectively support the data and software interoperability of biomolecular structure / genome sequences visualization. Based on the framework, we developed an integrated visualization system, which provides some new comprehensive visualization functions. Preliminary trial showed that the framework has a good prospect in the research of bioinformatics.
Original approach for the localisation of objects in images

An original approach is presented for the localisation of objects in an image which approach is neuronal and has two steps. In the first step, a rough localisation is performed by presenting each pixel with its neighbourhood to a neural net which is able to indicate whether this pixel and its neighbourhood are the image of the search object. This first filter does not discriminate for position. From its result, areas which might contain an image of the object can be selected. In the second step, these areas are presented to another neural net which can determine the exact position of the object in each area. This algorithm is applied to the problem of localising faces in images.
Secrecy performance analysis for transmit antenna selection with outdated CSI

In this letter, we analyze the impacts of outdated channel state information (CSI) on the secrecy performance for multiple-input single-output multiple-eavesdropper (MISOME) systems using transmit antenna selection (TAS) scheme and derive the exact closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability and the probability of non-zero secrecy capacity. Then, we present the asymptotic secrecy outage probability which reveals the secrecy diversity order and the secrecy array gain. The analysis and simulation results show that the security performance of TAS scheme is quite sensitive to outdated CSI and the achievable secrecy diversity order is only one under the effect of outdated CSI.
A multi-wall-and-floor model for indoor radio propagation

A requirement for the performance evaluation of wireless systems by means of simulations is the knowledge of the path loss between transmitters and receivers. A new indoor path loss model for large-scale attenuation is proposed The multi-wall-and-floor (MWF) model considers the nonlinear relationship between the cumulative penetration loss and the number of penetrated floors and walls. The model has been derived from ray tracing simulations in different scenarios and the respective parameters are provided at 5.2 GHz. For validation purposes, measurements and extensive comparisons with results found in literature have been performed. The simple structure of the MWF model makes it an interesting alternative to ray tracing for system simulations in indoor environments.
Knowledge management and its potential applicability for libraries

Purpose – This paper aims to discuss the applications of knowledge management (KM) for library practice.Design/methodology/approach – The paper starts by reviewing the relevant literature and then the results of an empirical study which investigated the perceptions of LIS community on the relevance of KM to libraries. The involvement of libraries in KM programs is also presented.Findings – The results show that the LIS community exhibits a positive attitude towards introducing KM to libraries, and not only because this could bring libraries closer to their parent organization, but also because it might help them to survive in an increasingly challenging environment.Practical implications – Although there are some indicators of involvement of libraries in KM in published case studies (through activities such as development of intranets and institutional repositories of content management and embedding information literacy instruction in the curriculum and employing web 2.0 technologies for knowledge sharin.
A Novel Approach to Shape Decomposition and Representation using Soft Morphological Filters

Shape decomposition and reconstruction are vital factors in image processing and analysis applications. A generalized skeleton transform allows a shape to be represented as a collection of modestly overlapped octagonal shape parts. One of the main problems with the existing algorithms is that they generate noise after decomposition. For ordinary images the rate of noise may not be effective but it will be more when applied on printed or handwritten characters. In this paper we have introduced a novel algorithm to tackle this issue by applying a soft morphological filter (SMF) after morphological decomposition. The algorithm was applied on various types of decomposition images. The experimental results indicated that the present decomposition algorithm produces images with more clarity when compared with other algorithms.
Design and implementation of a high-speed programmable polyphase FIR filter

FIR filters that provide linear phases are frequently used in digital signal processing, voice and data transmission. Polyphase FIR filters are applied in many practical applications of DSPs that require the sampling rate of a signal to be changed. This paper describes the design and implementation of a high-speed programmable polyphase FIR filter. The FIR is designed to run automatically under all conditions according to the programmable configuration word including symmetry/asymmetry, odd/even taps, and 32 taps up to 256 taps. The maximum sampling frequency is obtained as 100MHz.
A MapReduce Telecommunication Data Center Analysis Model

With the widely use of smart phone in China, all inputs and routes packets streams to the Content Distribution Service (CDS) switching centers. Each produces up to 1.5 terabytes arriving every day. Normally, the job of the switch is to transmit data. Obviously, the ordinary database cannot handle the massive dataset and complex ad-hoc query. In this paper, we propose DeepMR, a MapReduce deep service analysis system based on Hive/Hadoop frameworks. A distributed file system HDFS is used in DeepMR for fast data sharing and query. DeepMR also optimizes scheduling for switch analysis jobs and supports fault tolerance for the entire workflow. Our results show that the model achieves a higher efficiency.
Expressive Timbre and Timing in Rhythmic Performance: Analysis of Steve Reich’s Clapping Music

Because of its minimalist construction, Steve Reich’s Clapping Music provides an ideal crucible for an examination of the role of expressive timing and expressive timbre in musical performance. Seven recordings of Clapping Music are studied. The analysis begins by dissecting the seven performances into hundreds of segments that contain either single handclaps or double handclaps. These are then studied in many ways: the consistency with which performers are able to maintain the timbre of their claps, the height percept of a handclap and its meaning for such a percussive sound, the accuracy in time with which performers can maintain a steady pulse. When clapping together, the timbre of the clap pair is dependent not only on the individual timbres but also on the timing of the claps. It is possible to measure the accuracy in time with which performers synchronize the double claps. The section-by-section timing deviations correlate significantly with a simple measure of complexity: the more complex the pattern, the greater the timing deviations.
E-cient Generation of Query Optimizer Diagrams

Given a parameterized n-dimensional SQL query template and a choice of query optimizer, a plan diagram is a color-coded pictorial enumeration of the execution plan choices of the optimizer over the query parameter space. Similarly, we can define cost diagram and cardinality diagram as the pictorial enumerations of cost and cardinality estimations of the optimizer over the same space. These three diagrams are collectively called “optimizer diagrams”. These diagrams have proved to be very useful for the analysis and redesign of modern optimizers but their utility is adversely impacted by the impractically large computational overheads incurred when standard bruteforce exhaustive approaches are used for producing fine-grained diagrams on high-dimensional query templates. In this report, we investigate a variety of intrusive and non-intrusive strategies for efficiently generating computationally expensive optimizer diagrams. The non-intrusive techniques use the query optimizer as a black-box and collectively feature random and grid sampling, as well as classification techniques based on nearest-neighbor and parametric query optimization. The intrusive techniques need changes in the optimizer kernel and leverage the principles of Subplan-Caching, Pilot-Passing and Plan Cost Monotonicity. We evaluate our techniques with a representative set of TPC-H-based query templates on industrial-strength optimizers. The results indicate that our non-intrusive techniques are capable of delivering 90% accurate diagrams while incurring less than 15% of the computational overheads and our intrusive techniques are able to achieve perfect diagrams with around 10% – 70% of the computational overheads when compared to the brute-force exhaustive approach. We have used the Picasso database query optimizer visualizer tool to implement our diagram production strategies and the PostgreSQL query optimizer kernel as the base of our intrusive techniques.
On rate-based congestion control in high speed networks: design of an H/sup /spl infin// based flow controller for single bottleneck

Typical congestion control algorithms for high speed networks include local flow controllers at the bottleneck nodes. In this paper an H/sup /spl infin// based controller is developed for rate feedback in a single bottleneck network. The rates can be assigned to the sources only after a certain transmission delay. Controller design specifications for this time delay system include "fairness" to multiple users, "usage" optimization, and minimization of the transients in the queue length. Stability robustness against uncertainties in time delays is also considered. By a simple algebra the problem is transformed to an H/sup /spl infin// control of a plant with a time delay, and it is solved by using an algorithm developed earlier for this class of problems.
Investigation of automation deployment in the main control room of nuclear power plants by using adaptive automation

Recently, with the progress of computer technology, the digitalization of human–system interface (HSI) in the main control room (MCR) of advanced nuclear power plants (NPPs) has become an important issue. A higher level of automation means that the computers execute the greater part of the task. The frequency, however, of automation‐induced system failures, including human errors, prompts us to more closely investigate the influences of automation. The objective of this study is to measure the effects of adaptive automation on the primary task performance, operator situation awareness (SA), and workload in an advanced MCR of an advanced NPP to reduce the number of failures and improve human performance. This study selects automatic mode and semi‐automatic mode to compose five different types of automation allocations. The experiment scenario is a reactor shutdown task. A personal computer transient analyzer (PCTran) is used to simulate the HSI of an MCR. Twelve participants are required to perform the experiment scenario on the automation allocation types. The dependent variables were the primary task performance; the subjective workload was measured using an NASA‐Task Load Index (NASA‐TLX) questionnaire; and three levels of SA were estimated by SA queries. Experimental results revealed that the automation allocations made up of higher ratio automatic modes led to superior primary task performance, lower operator workload, and lower frequency of human errors. In the high ratio automatic mode allocation, the operators have the lowest SA queries score. This study provides additional information for future digital HSI design in the MCRs of advanced NPPs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of 1,4‐Diaryl‐piperazine‐2,5‐diones: New Behavior of N,N‐Dimethylformamide Dimethyl Acetal (DMFDMA)

Abstract Reactions of chloroacetamides (5) with N,N‐dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal gave 1,4‐diaryl‐piperazine‐2,5‐diones 11a–e in good yield, rather than 1,5‐diaryl‐3,7‐dimethoxy‐1H,5H‐[1,5]diazocine‐2,6‐diones (9a–e).