Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stage-specific variability in habitat associations of juvenile red drum across a latitudinal gradient

Long-term fisheries independent data (2000−2014) from bag seine surveys were used to characterize fish−habitat relationships for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus at 2 critical life stages during the first year of life: post-settlement (October to December) and early juvenile (overwintering, January to March). Relationships between environmental variables and red drum abundance were examined in 3 estuaries (Galveston Bay, Aransas-Corpus Bay, and Laguna Madre, Texas, USA) along a latitudinal gradient using generalized additive models. Temporal factors were among the most important predictor variables for both life stages, with month and/or year retained in each model. In addition to temporal variability, abundance of post-settlement and early juvenile red drum was influenced by both physicochemical conditions (temperature and salinity) and aquatic vegetation (seagrass and salt marsh coverage). Although fish−habitat relationships were often similar across the 3 estuaries, the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors to red drum distribution and abundance varied among estuaries and life stages. Likewise, habitat relationships for post-settlement and early juvenile red drum were influenced by variability in habitat availability among estuaries, with abundance at both life stages positively associated with seagrass coverage in seagrass-limited systems and negatively associated in systems where seagrass was more abundant. This study clearly demonstrates that fish−habitat relationships for red drum are life stage-, timeand estuary-specific, and therefore, habitat suitability models that account for such variability are needed to effectively identify and conserve important estuarine nursery areas.
Validation of Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification Technique ( LAMP ) to Diagnose Tuberculosis ( TB ) in Sri Lanka

Large civilian populations living in countries that are affected by complex emergencies such as war or civil unrest, natural disasters, malnutrition and population displacement are burdened with increased mortality and morbidity due to preventable communicable diseases including tuberculosis (TB) (1). Many such calamities occur in developing countries including Sri Lanka, which also bear the burden of TB.
Exploration of Microbial Diversity of Himalaya Region for Gold Nanoparticles Synthesizing Bacteria

Microbial diversity of the Himalaya region is mostly unexplored towards the gold nanoparticles synthesis by bacteria so far. Microbes are primitive organisms which inhabit the earth since origin of life on earth, because of their versatile adaptability they not only survive during millions of the years but they are highly significant in maintaining ecological balance on earth. Explorations of Himalaya region for beneficial bacterial species can potentially provide us novel microbes with newer applications, which may be highly efficient and significant to biotechnology, microbial industry. So in order International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 8 (2017) pp. 2191-2210 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Miniaturized Extracorporeal Circulation

Since the first cardiac surgical operations in the early ‘50s, the early and long-term outcomes have been dramatically improved also because of the refinement of technology regarding the extracorporeal circulation (ECC). It is recognized the ECC is associated with a systemic inflammatory response (SIRS), which is implicated in myocardial, renal, pulmonary and neurologic dysfunction. However, although the effects of ECC are very often subclinical, in some situations they can be responsible of worse outcome in the early post-operative period. In the early 1990s, many surgeons started to perform coronary revascularization without the use of ECC with the aim of strongly reducing the subclinical and clinical effects of the SIRS. Over the past fifteen years, the “off-pump” coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) has demonstrated to have good results by reducing postoperative morbidity and mortality. On the other hand, the OPCABG presents some drawbacks such as the significant learning curve of the surgeon, the high rate of incomplete revascularization in dilated and hypokinetic heart due to very difficult exposure of obtuse coronary marginal branches and the lesser quality of the coronary anastomosis. Over the past 10 years, concepts of miniaturized extracorporeal circulation (MECC) were developed with the aim of reducing the side effects of the standard ECC, strengthening the advantages of ECC and eliminate the limitations of OPCABG. In other words, the MECC joins the best of ECC with the best of “off-pump” surgery.
When should the sequential parallel comparison design be used in clinical trials

Randomized clinical trials in many conditions such as mental illness, pain, addiction, allergy and asthma are subject to moderate-to-high rates of placebo response. This reduces the effect size for the comparison of the active treatment to the placebo group, hence reducing the efficiency of studies. Since attempts to resolve this problem using a placebo lead-in design have not been successful, in 2003 the sequential parallel comparison design (SPCD) was developed. In the SPCD, the study is conducted in two treatment stages, with the efficacy analysis including (a) all subjects in stage 1 and (b) stage 2 data from stage 1 placebo nonresponders. The relevant data from the two stages are pooled to compute an overall p-value. This article reviews the situations in which the SPCD is preferable to the standard parallel design as well as the circumstances in which SPCD is not a good choice.
SQUID-based Thermometers

This article reviews the application of SQUIDs in low-temperature thermometry. Special focus is given to state-of-the-art noise thermometers such as the current sensing noise thermometer (CSNT) and the magnetic field fluctuation thermometer (MFFT). Today, SQUID noise thermometers are no longer a domain of metrology institutes. Practical versions of the CSNT and the MFFT are powerful tools for relative primary thermometry in the lowtemperature range down to sub-millikelvin temperature.
Migration behaviour of norwegian spring spawning herring when entering the cold front in the Norwegian Sea

Abstract The distribution of Norwegian spring spawning herring when migrating to the feeding areas in the Norwegian Sea in spring was mapped by acoustic surveys in April 1995 and 1996. The schooling behaviour of the herring was recorded by a high-resolution sonar, and the swimming speed and swimming direction were quantified by tracking individual schools for up to one hour. In early April the herring migrated in the Norwegian Sea from the continental shelf off Norway, between 66° and 68°N, and westward to 2°W. When reaching the cold-water front, at about 0°, the herring turned southward along the front. During daytime the herring migrated in large schools at 300–400 m depth; at night they rose to surface and either dispersed or maintained schooling.
MEGAPARSEC RELATIVISTIC JETS LAUNCHED FROM AN ACCRETING SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE IN AN EXTREME SPIRAL GALAXY

The radio galaxy phenomenon is directly connected to mass-accreting, spinning supermassive black holes found in the active galactic nuclei. It is still unclear how the collimated jets of relativistic plasma on hundreds to thousands of kiloparsec scales form and why they are nearly always launched from the nuclei of bulge-dominated elliptical galaxies and not flat spirals. Here we present the discovery of the giant radio source J2345−0449 (z = 0.0755), a clear and extremely rare counterexample where relativistic jets are ejected from a luminous and massive spiral galaxy on a scale of ∼1.6 Mpc, the largest known so far. Extreme physical properties observed for this bulgeless spiral host, such as its high optical and infrared luminosity, large dynamical mass, rapid disk rotation, and episodic jet activity, are possibly the results of its unusual formation history, which has also assembled, via gas accretion from a disk, its central black hole of mass >2 × 108 M☉. The very high mid-IR luminosity of the galaxy suggests that it is actively forming stars and still building a massive disk. We argue that the launch of these powerful jets is facilitated by an advection-dominated, magnetized accretion flow at a low Eddington rate onto this unusually massive (for a bulgeless disk galaxy) and possibly fast spinning central black hole. Therefore, J2345−0449 is an extremely rare, unusual galactic system whose properties challenge the standard paradigms for black hole growth and the formation of relativistic jets in disk galaxies. Thus, it provides fundamental insight into accretion disk–relativistic jet coupling processes.
Confinement factors and gain in optical amplifiers

A new identity is derived which relates the gain and the field distribution (or confinement factor) in a dielectric waveguide with complex refractive indices. This identity is valid for any guided mode of waveguides with an arbitrary cross section. It provides a new check of the accuracy of mode solvers. Also, it can be used in a variational approach to predict the gain or loss of a guided mode based on knowledge of confinement factors. It is shown that a previous analysis that is often used, is not correct. In addition, approximate expressions for the gain in slab waveguides are presented.
' I Flowing Waters or Teeming Crowds : * jO Mental Models of Electricity

Analogical comparisons are commonly used in the discussion and teaching of scientific topics. This paper explores the conceptual role of analogy. We compare two positions: (1) the generative analogy hypothesis, that analogies are an important determinant of the way people think about a domain. (2) the surface terminology hypothesis, that analogies merely provide a -. convenient vocabulary for describing concepts in the domain. We present evidence from interviews and experimental studies in the domain of simple electronics that when using analogies, people map conceptual structures from one domain to another. This imported conceptual structure is shown to influence inferences a person makes about the target domain. These results support the generative analogy hypothesis. 14 L Accession For HTIS GRA&I DTIC TAB 0 Unannounced C justifioation o1'o ByDistributlon/ ___ _ I t Availability CodeS iAvall and/or Dist Special
The feasibility of using crime scene behaviour to detect versatile serial offenders: An empirical test of behavioural consistency, distinctiveness, and discrimination accuracy

Purpose To test whether geographical, temporal, and modus operandi (MO) crime scene behaviours can be used to support behavioural case linkage (BCL) with crime series that contain several different types of offence. Methods Crime scene data relating to 749 solved commercial burglaries and robberies were extracted from the databases of the Metropolitan Police Service, London, England. From these data, 2,231 linked crime pairs (containing two crimes committed by the same offender) and 273,422 unlinked crime pairs were created (two crimes committed by different offenders). Three measures of similarity were calculated for each crime pair: (1) the kilometre distance between crimes (intercrime distance [ICD]); (2) the number of days between crimes (temporal proximity [TP]); and (3) a statistical measure of similarity in MO behaviour (Jaccard's coefficient). Statistical tests of difference, binary leave-one-out logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to determine whether the three measures of similarity could be used to distinguish between linked and unlinked crime pairs, some containing only burglaries (burglary pairs), some containing only robberies (robbery pairs), and some containing both burglaries and robberies (cross-crime pairs). Results Linked and unlinked crime pairs could be distinguished with a high level of accuracy (AUCs > .90), with the highest accuracy when combining ICD, TP, and Jaccard's coefficient. These findings were replicated with the burglary pairs, robbery pairs, and cross-crime pairs. Conclusions Offender behaviour is sufficiently consistent and distinctive to support the use of BCL with versatile crime series, as well as with burglary crime series and robbery crime series.
Models for Modular Neural Networks: A Comparison Study

There are mainly two approaches for machine learning: symbolic and sub-symbolic. Decision tree is a typical model for symbolic learning, and neural network is a model for sub-symbolic learning. For pattern recognition, decision trees are more efficient than neural networks for two reasons. First, the computations in making decisions are simpler. Second, important features can be selected automatically during the design process. This paper introduces models for modular neural network that are a neural network tree where each node being an expert neural network and modular neural architecture where interconnections between modules are reduced. In this paper, we will study adaptation processes of neural network trees, modular neural network and conventional neural network. Then, we will compare all these adaptation processes during experimental work with the Fisher's Iris data set that is the bench test database from the area of machine learning. Experimental results with a recognition problem show that both models (e.g. neural network tree and modular neural network) have better adaptation results than conventional multilayer neural network architecture but the time complexity for trained neural network trees increases exponentially with the number of inputs.
AGILE detection of Cygnus X-3 gamma-ray active states during the period mid-2009/mid-2010

Context. Cygnus X-3 (Cyg X-3) is a well-known microquasar producing variable emission at all wavelengths. Cyg X-3 is a prominent X-ray binary producing relativistic jets, and studying its high energy emission is crucial for the understanding of the fundamental acceleration processes in accreting compact objects. Aims. Our goal is to study extreme particle acceleration and γ-ray production above 100 MeV during special spectral states of Cyg X-3 usually characterized by a low hard X-ray flux and enhanced soft X-ray states. Methods. We observed Cyg X-3 with the AGILE satellite in extended time intervals from 2009 Jun.–Jul., and 2009 Nov.–2010 Jul. We report here the results of the AGILE γ-ray monitoring of Cyg X-3 as well as the results from extensive multiwavelength campaigns involving radio (RATAN-600, AMI-LA and Metsahovi Radio Observatories) and X-ray monitoring data (XTE and Swift). Results. We detect a series of repeated γ-ray flaring activity from Cyg X-3 that correlate with the soft X-ray states and episodes of decreasing or non-detectable hard X-ray emission. Furthermore, we detect γ-ray enhanced emission that tends to be associated with radio flares greater than 1 Jy at 15 GHz, confirming a trend already detected in previous observations. The source remained active above 100 MeV for an extended period of time (almost 1.5 months in 2009 Jun.–Jul. and 1 month in 2010 May). We study in detail the short timescale γ-ray flares that occurred before or near the radio peaks. Conclusions. Our results confirm the transient nature of the extreme particle acceleration from the microquasar Cyg X-3. A series of repeated γ-ray flares shows correlations with radio and X-ray emission confirming a well established trend of emission. We compare our results with Fermi-LAT and MAGIC TeV observations of Cyg X-3.
SUPPORTED BY UNIGESTION “ Finance in a Time of Disruptive Growth

We build a model in which the arrival of new technologies displaces demand for old technologies. This disruption causes redistribution due to lack of risk sharing both within and across investor cohorts. We model the financial industry as a costly device to improve risk sharing, and determine its size in equilibrium. We further study wealth dynamics, equilibrium prices, and flows into various asset classes. We show that an increase in disruptive activity renders existing firms’ publicly traded equities riskier and makes “alternative asset classes” as diverse as fixed income, real estate, and private equity become more attractive. The result is a decline in the real interest rate, an expansion of the financial industry, and increased flows towards alternative asset classes. Interestingly, alternative asset classes offer higher expected rates of return than conventional equities despite the diversification benefits afforded by the former.
Health Behavior Change in Populations

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Effects of Chemical Mutagens on the Physio-Chemical Traits of Tomato

Among vegetables it is needless to emphasise the precious nature of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) commonly cultivated in our country. Like potato from Peru, tomato from America has been thoroughly acclimatized and domesticated to Indian Agrarian practices and crop husbandry. Increasing health conscious population of our country have found tomato as a chief source of lycopene and Ascorbic acid (Vitamin-C) thus necessitates its use as part of the daily diet. But limitations in cultivation of tomato are still prevalent. Many breeding programmes have been taken up for the improvement of the crop. Genetic manipulation through gene pyramiding is often met with difficulty and ultimately when succeeds a new genotype is born with change in many other characters. Therefore, an alternative approach is no other than mutation breeding. The creation of genetic variability by physical and chemical mutagens presents the plant breeder a greater opportunity of selecting beneficial mutants from mutant population. The discovery of International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 04 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Efficient Large-Scale Internet Media Selection Optimization for Online Display Advertising

In today's digital market, the number of websites available for advertising has ballooned into the millions. Consequently, firms often turn to ad agencies and demand-side platforms (DSPs) to decide how to allocate their Internet display advertising budgets. Nevertheless, most extant DSP algorithms are rule-based and strictly proprietary. This article is among the first efforts in marketing to develop a nonproprietary algorithm for optimal budget allocation of Internet display ads within the context of programmatic advertising. Unlike many DSP algorithms that treat each ad impression independently, this method explicitly accounts for viewership correlations across websites. Consequently, campaign managers can make optimal bidding decisions over the entire set of advertising opportunities. More Importantly, they can avoid overbidding for impressions from high-cost publishers, unless such sites reach an otherwise unreachable audience. The proposed method can also be used as a budget-setting tool, because it readily provides optimal bidding guidelines for a range of campaign budgets. Finally, this method can accommodate several practical considerations including consumer targeting, target frequency of ad exposure, and mandatory media coverage to matched content websites.
Identification of Candida and Trichosporon species by oxidase and coagulase test.

Afreen. Candidiasis is one of the most important opportunistic fungal infections, caused by over 20 species of Candida. After the genus Candida, Trichosporon is the most common agent of yeast disseminated infections. In routine laboratory, yeast species are identified on the basis of culture, germ tube production, carbohydrate fermentation and chlamydospore formation. These conventional methods often lack specificity. These are time consuming methods involving microscopic examination that requires considerable skill and experience. Delayed identification leads to delay in empirical therapies of such infections. The objective of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the reliability of oxidase and coagulase tests for the rapid identification of Candida and Trichosporon species.
Elements of Parental Choice: The Evolution of Parental Preferences in Relation to In-Law Selection

With the exception of modern post-industrial societies, parents have primarily been in control of the mating decisions of their offspring. The selection of in-laws has important fitness consequences for parents. It is hypothesized, therefore, that parents have evolved specific preferences that enable them to select in-laws that will maximize their inclusive fitness. To test this hypothesis, data from 297 parents were collected. It is found that parents place differential emphasis on different in-law traits and that their preferences vary according to the sex of the in-law. In addition, parents are in agreement when they are selecting an in-law and their preferences are not contingent upon their sex.