Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unusual bromine enrichment in the gastric mill and setae of the hadal amphipod Hirondellea gigas

The hadal amphipod Hirondellea gigas is an emblematic animal of the Pacific trenches, and has a number of special adaptations to thrive in this ‘extreme’ environment, which includes the deepest part of the Earth’s ocean. One such adaptation that has been suggested is the presence of an ‘aluminum gel shield’ on the surface of its body in order to prevent the dissolution of calcitic exoskeleton below the carbonate compensation depth. However, this has not been investigated under experimental conditions that sufficiently prevent aluminum artefacts, and the possibility of other elements with similar characteristic X-ray energy as aluminum (such as bromine) has not been considered. Here, we show with new electron microscopy data gathered under optimized conditions to minimize aluminum artefacts that H. gigas actually does not have an aluminum shield–instead many parts of its body are enriched in bromine, particularly gastric ossicles and setae. Results from elemental analyses pointed to the use of calcite partially substituted with magnesium by H. gigas in its exoskeleton, in order to suppress dissolution. Our results exemplify the necessity of careful sample preparation and analysis of the signals in energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis, and the importance of analyses at different electron energies.
Relationship of Parenting Styles with Personality and Academic Motivation among Adolescents

The study was conducted to find out the relationship of parenting styles with adolescents’ personality and their academic motivation. The sample population chosen for this study was, 60 adolescents (30 males and 30 females) aged 13-19 years. The tools used were Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) (Buri, 1991), the Big Five Inventory (John and Shrivastava; S, 1999) and The Academic Motivation Scale–College Version (AMS–C; Vallerand and colleagues 2002). The statistical tool used for the study was the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The results obtained were; there was a positive correlation found between Parental Authority adopted by the Parent in child rearing and the Personality of the child. (r =0.44, n =60, p = ≤0.001). There was a positive correlation found between intrinsic type of Motivation and Openness to Experience trait. (r =0.26, n =60, p = ≤0.001). There was a positive correlation found between Authoritative Type of Parenting Style and Intrinsic type of motivation. (r =0.38, n =60, p = ≤0.001). There was a positive correlation found between Conscientiousness and Authoritative Type of Personality. (r =0.45, n =60, p = ≤0.001). significant correlations
Sustainable human resource management the mediating role between work engagement and teamwork performance

The present work aims to analyze the properties of the working conditions recorded in the Sixth European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS); with it, it has being built seven independent indexes about different aspects of work’ quality in the health sector, and these constructs are used to evaluate their effects on work engagement (WE). In this sense, the originality of incorporating teamwork as a modulating variable is included. To analyze the effects of the job quality index (JQI) on the WE, a logistic regression model is proposed for a total of 3044 workers within the health sector, differentiating between those who work or not in a team; in a first stage and these estimates are compared with those obtained using an artificial neural network model, and both are used for the consideration of the research hypotheses about several causal factor. An important contributions of the study, it is related to how work commitment is mainly influenced by prospects, social environment, intensity and earnings, all of them related to job performance. Therefore, knowledge of the determinants of work commitment and the ability to modulate its effects in teamwork environments is necessary for the development of truly sustainable Human Resources policies.
Configuration-Based Optimization for Virtual Hand Haptic Simulation

Interacting with virtual objects via haptic feedback using the user's hand directly (virtual hand haptic interaction) provides a natural and immersive way to explore the virtual world. It remains a challenging topic to achieve 1 kHz stable virtual hand haptic simulation with no penetration amid hundreds of hand-object contacts. In this paper, we advocate decoupling the high-dimensional optimization problem of computing the graphic-hand configuration, and progressively optimizing the configuration of the graphic palm and fingers, yielding a decoupled-and-progressive optimization framework. We also introduce a method for accurate and efficient hand-object contact simulation, which constructs a virtual hand consisting of a sphere-tree model and five articulated cone frustums, and adopts a configuration-based optimization algorithm to compute the graphic-hand configuration under nonpenetration contact constraints. Experimental results show both high update rate and stability for a variety of manipulation behaviors. Nonpenetration between the graphic hand and complex-shaped objects can be maintained under diverse contact distributions, and even for frequent contact switches. The update rate of the haptic simulation loop exceeds 1 kHz for the whole-hand interaction with about 250 contacts.
Parametric dependences of impurity transport in neoclassical, reactive drift wave and gyrokinetic descriptions

Impurity transport in tokamaks is studied using an electrostatic fluid model for main ion and impurity temperature gradient (ITG) mode and trapped electron (TE) mode driven turbulence and the results are compared with nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations using GYRO and neoclassical theory. Transport scalings with magnetic shear and impurity fraction are investigated, and the validity of the trace impurity approximation is studied . Comparisons between anomalous and neoclassical transport predictions are performed for I TER-like profiles based on ASTRA modelling. Reactive drift wave model The reactive drift wave model is based on the solution of a set of fluid equations for the perturbations in density, parallel velocity and pressure for ions, impurities and trapped electrons [1] in the collisionless, electrostatic limit. The closure of the equations is obtained by assuming that the heat flux is equal to the diamagnetic heat flux for all parti cle species. For the trapped electron model, the electron magnetic drift is, after the bounce aver aging, replaced by the precession frequency of trapped electrons as h ωDei = ωDeλt with λt = 1= 4+ 2s= 3 [2], where s = (r= q)dq= dr and q is the safety factor. We assume adiabatic free electrons and the quasi-linear particle fluxes are computed from Γn j = ­ δ n jvE j ® , which is summed over all unstable modes for a fixed space scale of the turbulence, with (krρs) 2 = (k θ ρs) 2 = 0:1, where r and θ are radial and poloidal coordinates, ρs = cs= Ωci, cs = p Te= mi is the sound speed and Ωci is the cyclotron frequency. The eigenvalue equation is reduced to a set of algebraic equations using the semilocal analysis of [3] where the norms h k 2 k i ;h k 2 i ;h ωDi;zi , with h¢ ¢ ¢ i = R π −π φ(¢ ¢ ¢ )φ dθ , are calculated using a strongly ballooning eigenfunction. The solution of the eigenvalue problem gives the eigenvalues and the perturbations in density, temperature and parallel veloci ty in terms of the perturbed electrostatic potential. The saturation level of the electrostatic poten tial is estimated by balancing the linear growth with the dominant convective nonlinearity in the energy and continuity equations. The strong ballooning approximation has recently been shown to give results in good agreement with the results of calculations based on a shear-dependent eigenfunction with general
On the gravitational field of a massless particle

1. The problem of gravitational fields of massless particles has been discussed by several authors Ll-3 ]. Aichelburg and Sexl[l] and Andreev[2] have considered the field of point particles created at infinity. According to relativistic quantum mechanics a zero-mass particle (in the sequel we shall call it a photon, for the sake of brevity) cannot be localized with an accuracy exceeding i\. l4] (x is the wavelength divided by 211), therefore the concept of point-photon is an approximate way of describing a wave packet of finite dimensions c. Bonnor[3] has found an exact solution for the gravitational field of a wave packet of arbitrary shape, also produced at infinity. However, the very concept of photon existing at t = 0() is an idealization; in reality one should consider a photon produced at a finite instant of time, -T. In the present paper we determine in the linear approximation the gravitational field of a light packet of finite size c. produced at the time -T. The solution of the linearized Einstein equation was taken in the form of retarded potentials. As T 0() the equations obtained here, after a gauge transformation, go over into the corresponding expressions of Bonnor's paperL3]. Letting c. go to zero we then obtain a formula which coincides with the results of[l,2j.
The U.S. market for imported wildlife not listed in the CITES multilateral treaty

The international wildlife trade presents severe conservation and environmental security risks, yet no international regulatory framework exists to monitor the trade of species not listed in the appendices of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). We explored the composition and dynamics of internationally regulated versus nonregulated trade, with a focus on importations of wild‐caught terrestrial vertebrates entering the United States from 2009 to 2018. We used 10 years of species‐level trade records of the numbers of live, wild‐caught animals imported to the United States and data on International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) estimates of extinction risk to determine whether there were differences in the diversity, abundance, and risk to extinction among imports of CITES‐listed versus unlisted species. We found 3.6 times the number of unlisted species in U.S. imports compared with CITES‐listed species (1366 vs. 378 species). The CITES‐listed species were more likely to face reported conservation threats relative to unlisted species (71.7% vs. 27.5%). However, 376 unlisted species faced conversation threats, 297 species had unknown population trends, and 139 species were without an evaluation by the IUCN. Unlisted species appearing for the first time in records were imported 5.5 times more often relative to CITES‐listed species. Unlisted reptiles had the largest rate of entry, averaging 53 unique species appearing in imports for the first time per year. Overall trade quantities were approximately 11 times larger for imports of unlisted species relative to imports of CITES‐listed species. Countries that were top exporters of CITES‐listed species were mostly different from exporters of unlisted species. Because of the vulnerabilities of unlisted, traded species entering the United States and increasing global demand, we strongly recommend governments adapt their policies to monitor and report on the trade of all wildlife.
ACTIVE CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PRIMARY SPINAL SYRINGOMYELIA: A SCOPING REVIEW AND PERSPECTIVES FOR AN ACTIVITY-BASED CLINICAL APPROACH

Objective This scoping review aimed to identify and synthesize existing research on active conservative management of primary spinal syringomyelia and associated symptoms and to discuss perspectives for clinical application using an activity-based approach. Methods PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched for empirical studies of conservative management or therapies of adults with primary spinal syringomyelia from inception to April 2021. In addition, abstracts from relevant conferences were searched. Study characteristics and key findings were extracted, and findings descriptively synthesized. Results Of 1,186 studies screened, 7 studies met the eligibility criteria (4 single case studies and 3 cohort studies, a total of 90 individuals). The interventions were primarily physiotherapeutic, mostly by posture correction and exercises, and effects were alleviation of pain, improved physical function, improved activities of daily living and quality of life. Analysis of factors triggering symptoms and rationale for choice of intervention based upon these was limited. Conclusion Evidence of active conservative management of primary spinal syringomyelia and associated symptoms is limited. Many variations and limitations in the existing research limit the conclusions. High-quality research is needed to enable healthcare professionals to apply evidence-based active conservative interventions. LAY ABSTRACT People with primary spinal syringomyelia and associated symptoms are often managed conservatively. In most cases, this means without active treatment. Pathophysiological knowledge and our own physiotherapeutic experience propose that the symptoms may be connected to specific active movements and activities of daily life. The aim of this study was to map existing evidence for active rehabilitation as a means of reducing symptoms and preventing syrinx progression. Only 7 low-quality research studies with different kinds of treatment were found. Mostly, physiotherapy was offered with exercises and focus on posture. Outcomes included alleviation of pain as well as improved physical function and quality of life. Unfortunately, analysis of symptom-inducing factors to guide the choice of intervention was limited. Future high-quality studies are needed to develop active conservative interventions for people with primary spinal syringomyelia.
In Silico Study of Local Electrical Impedance Measurements in the Atria - Towards Understanding and Quantifying Dependencies in Human

<italic>Background:</italic> Electrical impedance measurements have become an accepted tool for monitoring intracardiac radio frequency ablation. Recently, the long-established generator impedance was joined by novel local impedance measurement capabilities with all electrical circuit terminals being accommodated within the catheter. <italic>Objective:</italic> This work aims at <italic>in silico</italic> quantification of distinct influencing factors that have remained challenges due to the lack of ground truth knowledge and the superposition of effects in clinical settings. <italic>Methods:</italic> We introduced a highly detailed <italic>in silico</italic> model of two local impedance enabled catheters, namely IntellaNav MiFi OI and IntellaNav Stablepoint, embedded in a series of clinically relevant environments. Assigning material and frequency specific conductivities and subsequently calculating the spread of the electrical field with the finite element method yielded <italic>in silico</italic> local impedances. The <italic>in silico</italic> model was validated by comparison to <italic>in vitro</italic> measurements of standardized sodium chloride solutions. We then investigated the effect of the withdrawal of the catheter into the transseptal sheath, catheter-tissue interaction, insertion of the catheter into pulmonary veins, and catheter irrigation. <italic>Results:</italic> All simulated setups were in line with <italic>in vitro</italic> experiments and <italic>in human</italic> measurements and gave detailed insight into determinants of local impedance changes as well as the relation between values measured with two different devices. <italic>Conclusion:</italic> The <italic>in silico</italic> environment proved to be capable of resembling clinical scenarios and quantifying local impedance changes. Significance: The tool can assists the interpretation of measurements in humans and has the potential to support future catheter development.
Parental Psychological Control and Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Romantic Relationship Power Dynamics

In the current study, we utilized a person-centered approach to examine the relations of parental psychological control (PPC) and relationship self-efficacy (RSE) to power dynamics in emerging adults’ romantic relationships. College student emerging adults (N = 312) completed measures assessing retrospective PPC, RSE, and perceived self and partner power in current relationships. Latent profile analysis uncovered four relationship types based on reported self- and partner-power: balanced-unified, balanced-interchanging, unbalanced–high self, and unbalanced-high partner. Increases in PPC were related to increased odds of being in an unbalanced relationship. Higher levels of RSE were associated with decreased odds of being in an unbalanced relationship. Further, even individuals in the balanced profile who reported average levels of both self and partner power (balanced-interchanging) reported higher levels of PPC and lower levels of RSE compared to those in the balanced group where levels of both self and partner power were low (balanced-unified). These findings suggest using a person-centered approach to relationship power may advance our conceptualization of power distribution in romantic relationships. Further, experienced family dynamics and one’s sense of self may be especially important for young adults’ tendency to form healthy relationships. The current findings encourage future investigation into the mechanisms by which parental factors predict both dominance and submissiveness in romantic relationships. Understanding predictors of power dynamics may contribute to intimate partner violence prevention and intervention.
Interleukin-15 are associated with insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome

Abstract Objective To determine if higher levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-15 are positively associated with improvement in insulin resistance in postmenopausal women (PW) with metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods According to the median value of IL-15 at baseline, PW older than or equal to 45 years were divided into two groups: higher (n = 43) and lower (n = 42) IL-15. There was a 9-month follow-up period with clinical assessments at baseline and at 9 months (criteria of metabolic syndrome, body fat, and insulin resistance). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated according to the Homeostasis Model Assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). For IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, IL-15, and TNF-α was determined using immunoassay Magnetic Bead Panel. Results There was an interaction between the time and group only for insulin (p = .008) and HOMA-IR (p = .024). After adjusting for confounding variables (clinical and ILs), the HOMA-IR (p = .006) and insulin (p = .003) were lower in the higher-IL-15 group [HOMA-IR: 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9–2.5) and insulin: 9.1 µIU/mL (95% CI: 7.9–10.3)] when compared to the lower-IL-15 group [HOMA-IR: 3.1 (95% CI: 2.6–3.6) and insulin: 12.9 (95% CI: 11.1–14.9)] after 9 months of follow-up. Conclusion Higher levels of circulating IL-15 are positively associated with improvements in IR in PW with MS. HIGHLIGHTS Higher levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-15 are positively associated with improvement in insulin resistance (IR) in postmenopausal women (PW) with metabolic syndrome (MS). This relationship is independent of levels of other cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, and TNF-α). The levels of circulating IL-15 may be used as a prognostic biomarker for IR in PW with MS. The study opens the door for future studies on IL-15's role in treating IR among PW with MS.
Causal relationships between sex hormone traits, lifestyle factors, and osteoporosis in men: A Mendelian randomization study

Although observational studies have explored factors that may be associated with osteoporosis, it is not clear whether they are causal. Osteoporosis in men is often underestimated. This study aimed to identify the causal risk factors associated with bone mineral density(BMD) in men. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the exposures at the genome-wide significance (p < 5x10-8) level were obtained from corresponding genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and were utilized as instrumental variables. Summary-level statistical data for BMD were obtained from two large-scale UK Biobank GWASs. A Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to identify causal risk factors for BMD. Regarding the BMD of the heel bone, the odds of BMD increased per 1-SD increase of free testosterone (FT) (OR = 1.13, P = 9.4 × 10−17), together with estradiol (E2) (OR = 2.51, P = 2.3 × 10−4). The odds of BMD also increased with the lowering of sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) (OR = 0.87, P = 7.4 × 10−8) and total testosterone (TT) (OR = 0.96, P = 3.2 × 10−2) levels. Regarding the BMD of the lumbar spine, the odds of BMD increased per 1-SD increase in FT (OR = 1.18, P = 4.0 × 10−3). Regarding the BMD of the forearm bone, the odds of BMD increased with lowering SHBG (OR = 0.75, P = 3.0 × 10−3) and TT (OR = 0.85, P = 3.0 × 10−3) levels. Our MR study corroborated certain causal relationships and provided genetic evidence among sex hormone traits, lifestyle factors and BMD. Furthermore, it is a novel insight that TT was defined as a disadvantage for osteoporosis in male European populations.
The validity of the Danish version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire – Revised applied in a clinical setting: a Rasch analysis

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Danish version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire – Revised (FIQR), when used to quantify the severity of disease burden in a Danish population of patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP), including fibromyalgia (FM). Method A total of 924 participants diagnosed with CWP and/or FM completed an electronic version of the FIQR via touchscreens in the clinic at referral for specialist care. Data were collected from 1 January 2018 to 3 September 2020. Rasch measurement methods were applied. Results Rating scale analysis suggested multiple threshold disordering in the 0–10 category rating scale. A principal component analysis suggested assessment of a multidimensional construct. Thus, the Rasch analysis of the full FIQR was discontinued. Instead, Rasch analyses were performed on the two subscales: ‘function’ and ‘symptoms’. By collapsing the rating scale to a 0–4 category scale, the remaining threshold disordering of both subscale was solved. Only the symptom subscale indicated multidimensionality. There was underfitting misfit of item 21 and overfitting misfit of item 12. No significant differential item functioning, defined by sex, ethnicity, or education, was found. Conclusion The FIQR should be considered as an instrument consisting of three separate subscales representing ‘function’, ‘overall impact’, and ‘symptoms’. We recommend calculating and reporting on both a 0–10 and a 0–4 category scale. Also, if using the total FIQR score as an outcome measure, this should be done with caution, until revision of the rating scale.