Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User Perceptions of the Usability and Security of Smartphones as FIDO2 Roaming Authenticators

The FIDO2 standard aims to replace passwords with public-key cryptography for user authentication on the web. Doing so has beneﬁts for both usability (e.g., not needing to remember passwords) and security (e.g., eliminating phishing). Users can authenticate with FIDO2 in one of two ways. With platform authenticators, users authenticate to trusted hardware on the same device on which they are accessing a website. However, they must re-register for each website separately on each device. With roaming authenticators, such as USB security keys, they only need to register once, transferring the security key across devices. However, users might not be willing to pay for a USB security key, carry it around, or ﬁgure out how to plug it into different devices. These drawbacks have driven recent efforts to enable smartphones to serve as roaming authenticators. We conducted the ﬁrst user study of FIDO2 passwordless authentication using smartphones as roaming authenticators. In a between-subjects design, 97 participants used either their smartphone as a FIDO2 roaming authenticator (via a prototype called Neo) or a password to log into a ﬁctitious bank for two weeks. We found that participants accurately recognized Neo’s strong security beneﬁts over passwords. However, despite Neo’s conceptual usability beneﬁts, participants found Neo substantially less usable than passwords both in objective measures (e.g., timing to accomplish tasks) and in perception. Their critiques of Neo included concerns about phone availability, account recovery/backup, and setup difﬁculties. Our results highlight key challenges and opportunities for spurring adoption of smartphones as FIDO2 roaming authenticators.
Shorter commutes, but for whom? Comparing the distributional effects of Bus Rapid Transit on commute times in Cape Town, South Africa, and Barranquilla, Colombia

Bus rapid transit has become an increasingly popular investment in cities in the Global South, where policy discourse often positions BRT as a pro-poor investment. Planners usually expect BRT to reduce commute times in urban areas, particularly for economically disadvantaged populations, thus reducing mobility gaps between transit users across different socioeconomic population groups. Despite increased interest in BRT, there is surprisingly limited research testing these assumptions. Using data from a retrospective survey administered in Barranquilla, Colombia, and Cape Town, South Africa, we investigated whether BRT contributes to reducing commute time gaps between socioeconomic populations. Our comparative and distributional analyses indicate that, while BRT narrowed the gap in commute times in Cape Town, it did not contribute to closing the gap in Barranquilla. We argue that this contradiction may, in part, be explained by the degree to which BRT route configuration responded to the urban form and pre-BRT transit conditions in each city—two factors often overlooked in academic literature and discussions surrounding BRT planning. We close by providing policy recommendations that promote more equitable planning practices and recognize the links between transport and land uses in the Global South urban context. Article history: Received: October 11, 2020 Received in revised form: February 4, 2021 Accepted: February 4, 2021 Available online: June 18, 2021 Copyright 2021 Manuel Santana Palacios & Lisa Rayle http://dx.doi. org/10.5198/jtlu.2021. 1907 ISSN: 1938-7849 | Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution – Noncommercial License 4.0 The Journal of Transport and Land Use is the official journal of the World Society for Transport and Land Use (WSTLUR) and is published and sponsored by the University of Minnesota Center for Transportation Studies. T J  T  L U http://jtlu.org V. 14 N. 1 [2021] pp. 647–667 Manuel Santana Palacios (corresponding author) University of California, Berkeley manuel.santana@berkeley.edu Lisa Rayle University of California, Berkeley lrayle@gmail.com Shorter commutes, but for whom? Comparing the distributional effects of Bus Rapid Transit on commute times in Cape Town, South Africa, and Barranquilla, Colombia
Journey toward the Surface: How Glycine Adsorbs on Titania in Water Solution

The adsorption of glycine (Gly) on titania in water solution and its preferred binding modes are studied by means of classical reactive (ReaxFF) and nonreactive molecular dynamics simulations. A small cluster made of a few glycine molecules, surrounded by water molecules, is placed close to the TiO2(110) surface and its initial motion toward the substrate is described through classical reactive dynamics. Glycine appears to be less easily and strongly adsorbed on the surface in solution than in the gas phase due to its competition with the surrounding water molecules. Indeed, in line with the experimental observations, the preferential binding mode of glycine in solution is found to be a monodentate coordination of one of its carboxyl oxygens to a Ti surface site. The potential of mean constraint force (PMF) method, combined with the classical nonreactive molecular dynamics simulations, was used to calculate the change in free energy upon glycine adsorption and the results obtained through exhaustive sampl.
Mapping for Indoor Walking Environment from Point Clouds by Mapping for Indoor Walking Environment from Point Clouds by Using Mobile Mapping Systems Using Mobile Mapping Systems

Abstract Walkability is one of the issues to be addressed in the planning of smart urban cities. Although, there is a substantial amount of studies on outdoor walking pedestrian, limited study has been done to address indoor walkability. Recently, most of the pedestrians are likely to use indoor route than outdoor route to protect themselves from sun and rain as most of the indoor routes are located on the buildings such as shopping mall and rail transit station. Therefore, it important to collect all the relevant information in the indoor building to addressed the walkability issues. The GeoSLAM ZEB REVO scanner is used for its convenience to access narrow space, busy area and complex building structure. This scanner is portable and easy to handle by the operator as it can be attached on the cart or carry it with backpack. The scanner captures the building geometry and facilities and present it in the form of point cloud. Then necessary information can be extracted from the point cloud using point cloud segmentation method. The end user such as town planner can benefit from the final product to design future building with pedestrian-friendly tool to encourage more people to walk. Therefore, it brings impact to the society by providing the healthy lifestyle in addition to reducing the use of private vehicle on the road.
EFFECT OF TETRAHYDROCURCUMIN ON LIPID PROFILES IN STREPTOZOTOCIN–NICOTINAMIDE INDUCED TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular complication in diabetes. A study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of tetrahydrocurcumin (THC). Oral administration of THC (80mg/ kg bodyweight) to streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats for 45 days, significantly reduced the elevated serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) – cholesterol levels and significantly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. THC showed a better effect when compared with curcumin. Results of the present study indicate that THC showed antihyperlipidemic effect in addition to its antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats.
Open-Sesame : the Supportive Semantic-Role-Labeling Method

Semantic Role Labelling (SRL) is the process of automatically finding the semantic roles of terms in a sentence. It is an essential task towards creating a machine-meaningful representation of textual information. One public linguistic resource commonly used for this task is the FrameNet Project. FrameNet is a human and machine-readable lexical database containing a considerable number of annotated sentences, those annotations link sentence fragments to semantic frames. However, while the annotations across all the documents covered in the dataset link to most of the frames, a large group of frames lack annotations in the documents pointing to them. In this paper, we present a data augmentation method for FrameNet documents that increases by over 13% the total number of annotations. Our approach relies on lexical, syntactic, and semantic aspects of the sentences to provide additional annotations. We evaluate the proposed augmentation method by comparing the performance of a state-of-the-art semantic-role-labelling system, trained using a dataset with and without augmentation.
Adopting an American framework to optimize nursing admission documentation in an Australian health organization

Objective Apply and modify the American Essential Clinical Dataset (ECD) approach to optimize the data elements of an electronic nursing admission assessment form in a metropolitan Australian local health district. Materials and Methods We used the American ECD approach but made modifications. Our approach included 1) a review of data, 2) a review of current admission practice via consultations with nurses, 3) a review of evidence and policies, 4) workshops with nursing and informatics teams in partnership with the eMR vendor, and 5) team debrief sessions to consolidate findings and decide what data elements should be kept, moved, or removed from the admission form. Results Of 165 data elements in the form, 32% (n=53) had 0% usage, while 25% (n=43) had 100% usage. Nurses perceptions of the form purpose varied. Eight policy documents specifically prescribed data to be noted at admission. Workshops revealed risks of moving or removing data elements, but also uncovered ways of streamlining the form. Consolidation of findings from all phases resulted in a recommendation to reduce 91% of data elements. Discussion Application of a modified ECD approach allowed the team to identify opportunities for significantly reducing and reorganizing data elements in the eMR to enhance the utility, quality, visibility, and value of nursing admission data. Conclusion We found the modified ECD approach effective for identifying data elements and work processes that were unnecessary and duplicated. Our findings and methodology can inform improvements in nursing clinical practice, information management, and governance in a digital health age.
Automatic Electrophysiological Noise Reduction and Epileptic Seizure Detection for Stereoelectroencephalography

The objective of this study was to develop a computational algorithm capable of locating artifacts and identifying epileptic seizures, which specifically implementing in clinical stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) recordings. Based on the nonstationary nature and broadband features of SEEG signals, a comprehensive strategy combined with the complex wavelet transform (CWT) and multi-layer thresholding method was implemented for both noise reduction and seizure detection. The artifacts removal pipeline integrated edge artifact removal, discrete spectrum analysis, and peak density evaluation. For automatic seizure detection, integrated power analysis and multi-dynamic thresholding were applied. The F1score was applied to evaluate overall performance of the algorithm. The algorithm was tested using expert-marked, double-blinded, clinical SEEG data from seven patients undergoing presurgical evaluation. This approach achieved the F1 score of 0.86 for noise reduction and 0.88 for seizure detection. This offline-approach method with minimum parameter tuning procedures and no prior information required, proved to be a feasible and solid solution for clinical SEEG data evaluation. Moreover, the algorithm can be improved with additional tuning and implemented with machine learning postprocessing pipelines.
Numerical and Experimental Validation of the Passive Performance of a Coharmonic Gyro-Multiplier Interaction Region

The azimuthally rippled cavity for a large-orbit, coharmonic gyro-multiplier, designed to operate at the second and fourth harmonics, at frequencies of 37.5 and 75 GHz, respectively, has been numerically and experimentally confirmed to be insensitive to the polarization of quadrupole, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{TE}}_{2,n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-like modes, including the second-harmonic operating mode of the multiplier, a cylindrical TE<sub>2,2</sub>-like waveguide mode. To test the cavity with this mode required the design, construction, and measurement of ripple wall mode converters, converting the cylindrical TE<sub>2,1</sub> mode into the TE<sub>2,2</sub> mode. These were designed to operate at a central frequency of ~37.9 GHz, with predicted mode purity of better than 85%, and 3-dB bandwidth of 161 MHz. The constructed converter had a central operating frequency of 37.7 GHz, with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-parameter measurements used to infer suitable mode purity and an operational 3-dB bandwidth of 50 MHz. This has allowed far-field phase measurements of the corrugated cavity to be conducted, where the orientation of the geometry to the polarization of both the TE<sub>2,1</sub> and TE<sub>2,2</sub> modes was shown to have no effect on the dispersion.
Mind the Gap: Safely Bridging Offline and Online Reinforcement Learning

A key challenge to deploying reinforcement learning in practice is exploring safely. We propose a natural safety property—uniformly outperforming a conservative policy (adaptively estimated from all data observed thus far), up to a per-episode exploration budget. This property formalizes the idea that we should spread out exploration to avoid taking actions significantly worse than the ones that are currently known to be good. We then design an algorithm that uses a UCB reinforcement learning policy for exploration, but overrides it as needed to ensure safety with high probability. To ensure exploration across the entire state space, it adaptively determines when to explore (at different points of time across different episodes) in a way that allows “stitching” sub-episodes together to obtain a meta-episode that is equivalent to using UCB for the entire episode. Then, we establish reasonable assumptions about the underlying MDP under which our algorithm is guaranteed to achieve sublinear regret while ensuring safety; under these assumptions, the cost of imposing safety is only a constant factor.
Effects of component on the photoelectric properties of two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure Cs2PbI2(1+x) Cl2(1−x)/Pd2Se3 with Ruddlesen–Popper structure

Perovskite-based van der Waals heterostructures with high carrier mobility and perfect photoresponse performance can be used to design transistors and photovoltaic devices. However, the function of a single heterojunction is relatively limited because of its specific energy band type. To achieve more controllable device functions, in this work, the band structure, effective mass, optical absorption spectrum, differential charge density and other electronic and optical properties for the novel heterostructure system composed of emerging two-dimensional material Pd2Se3 with a high electron mobility and all-inorganic halide perovskite Cs2PbI2(1+x)Cl2(1−x) is systematically studied by using density functional theory. The results demonstrate that the band alignments in Cs2PbI2Cl2/Pd2Se3 heterostructure realize the transition from type-I to type-II by changing the concentration of I and Cl atoms in the all-inorganic two-dimensional Ruddlesen-Popper perovskite Cs2PbI2Cl2, which can be applied to different functional devices. With the increase of iodine atoms, the valence band maximum (VBM) contributed by Pd2Se3 in the heterostructure moves downward, and the valence band of Cs2PbI2Cl2 becomes the new VBM. Moreover, the transport and optical properties for the Cs2PbI2Cl2/Pd2Se3 heterostructure can be improved, due to the reductions in the band gap and effective mass, which are caused by the transition of band alignment. Our works indicate that a controllable band alignment of Cs2PbI2Cl2/Pd2Se3 heterostructure can provide theoretical guidance for the flexible designs of devices with multi-functional applications.
New Synonyms Extraction Model Based on a Novel Terms Weighting Scheme

The traditional statistical approach in synonyms extraction is time-consuming. It is necessary to develop a new model to improve the efficiency and accuracy. This research presents a new model in synonyms extraction called Noun Based Distinctive Verbs (NBDV). During the documents’ numerical representation phase, the NBDV replaces the traditional tf-idf weighting scheme with a novel weighting scheme called the Orbit Weighing Scheme (OWS). The OWS links the nouns to their semantic space by examining the singular verbs in each context. The weight of the term is determined by considering the three parameters: Verb_Noun Frequency, Verb_Noun Distribution, and Verb_Noun Distance. The Verb_Noun Distribution parameter is mathematically formulated to depict the semantic relation between the noun and a certain set of verbs that only appear in the context of this noun. We compared the new models with important models in the field, such as the Skip-Gram, the Continuous Bag of Words, and the GloVe model. The NBDV model was tested on both Arabic and English languages, and the results showed 47% recall and 51% precision in the dictionary-based evaluation and 57.5% precision in the human experts’ evaluation. Comparing with the synonyms extraction based on tf.idf, the NBDV obtained 11% higher recall and 10% higher precision. Regarding the efficiency, we found that on average, the synonyms extraction of a single noun requires the process of 186 verbs, and in 63% of the runs; the number of singular verbs was less than 200. It is concluded that the developed method is efficient and processes the single run in linear time.
State Affine Modeling and Observer Design for Hall-HÃ©roult

Hall-Héroult process is a complex electrolysis procedure to produce aluminum. Due to the extreme operational conditions, it is difficult to continuously measure certain important values. This paper presents an approach to model and estimate the alumina concentration and anode-cathode distance based on the available measurements. Initially, a state affine model is obtained using a combination of physical-chemical relations and system identification. Then, a linear Kalman observer is designed to recover the desired signals. The proposed approach is validated on an industrial platform.
Spiritual User Experience (iSUX) for Older Adult Users using Mobile Application

—The increasing number of aging populations worldwide versus vast developments in mobile technology creates questions on how older adults adapt and apply mobile technology in their daily life. This research focused on spiritual user experience for older adult users because older adults are claimed to be more spiritually inclined as they aged. Despite high profile calls for research in the area of spirituality, the research pertaining spirituality in HCI is still in infancy state. Recent literatures discover most studies focus on design for spiritual user experience and evaluation of spiritual application for adult users, but fundamental of spirituality and its elements from the view of user experience is limited. Therefore, this study employs qualitative method approach within an interpretive paradigm to propose a model for Spiritual User Experience from the perspective of Islamic older adult users. The Geneva Emotional Musical Scale (GEMS) was adopted as a theoretical lens in order to gain deeper insights on the spirituality elements. A single case study was conducted with the total of 11 participants to research on the spirituality user experience elements among older adults. The triangulation of qualitative data collection through 3E diary, interviews and observations was conducted. All data were analyzed verbatimly using thematic analysis. Six themes emerged from the analysis which are effectiveness, efficiency, learnability, satisfaction, sublimity and vitality. These themes are further categorized into 10 attributes; effectiveness (accessibility features), efficiency (simplicity and portability), learnability, satisfaction (attractiveness and reliability), sublimity (transcendence and peacefulness) and vitality (energy and joyful activation). These are embedded into a model known as Spiritual User Experience (iSUX) which are evaluated by the Islamic religious experts, user experience expert and older adult’s representatives. This model could be a reference for spiritual model development apps among developers and provide understanding for researchers in the HCI domain. In conclusion, the Spiritual User Experience (iSUX) is hope to increase the understanding of spirituality from the domain of user experience.
Ontological Methodologies for Counselling Intervention: Do’a and Zikr Al-Mā’thur Corpus

Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur (authentic supplications and remembrance of ALLAH ‘Azza wa Jalla) can be suggested to Muslims to help them deal with challenges or issues in life. Counselling cases affect a person’s feelings. Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur are often applied as a counselling intervention. Unfortunately, the authentic Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur are dispersed in many resources not visible to users, and the fact that not all online resources offer access to accurate Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur to users and the dubious Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur frequently credited to the Prophet (pbuh). The goal of this research is to develop an ontology for the purpose of providing credible results to counselling cases in need of relevant Do’a and Zikr AlMa’thur. This research focused on presenting how an ontology could support to provide accurate information to cases supervised by high school counsellors. This research developed the ontology for Do’a and Zikr alMā’thur for counselling in Protégé. The methodology implemented in the ontology development included the models designed by Fernandez-Lopez et al., Thunkijjanukij, Gomez-Perez et al., and Kreider. The ontology was verified, validated, and evaluated by two subject domain experts. Most concepts were rated as ‘Compliant’ and some as ‘Partially Compliant’. Queries in SPARQL produced answers to the competency questions. Feedbacks from the user assessment proved that the executed results from the Do’a and Zikr alMā’thur ontology for counselling succeeded in fulfilling the users’ requirement. It is recommended that the sustainability of the ontology should be secured through constant submission of real cases by counsellors and people with similar roles for query analysis and results. Credible scholars should provide direction to trustworthy sources. Such essential input is valuable for content management and contributes towards very few domain ontologies that deliver support to professional works. It also provides the step-by-step procedures to ontology construction and assessment for Islamic collection for counselling intervention.