Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Periodontal Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics Technique for Rapid Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review

Aim: The aim of this review was to analyze the data in the available literature regarding aspects of periodontally accelerated orthodontic therapy such as reduction in treatment time, variation in surgical techniques, and patient satisfaction. Materials and Methods: An internet-based search was performed for the articles published between January 2008 and August 2018 using keywords periodontal accelerated orthodontic tooth movement, corticotomy, bone grafting, tooth movement, and treatment duration. A total of 84 articles were obtained from MEDLINE and Embase search engines, of which 31 articles were eligible to be included for the systematic review. Results: On analysis, it was observed that the earlier studies were predominantly pertaining to case reports. In the later part of the decade considered in this review, it was observed that the emphasis was given to clinical and animal studies. Conclusions: Most of the studies included in the review concluded that there was a significant reduction in orthodontic treatment duration using periodontal accelerated techniques compared to conventional orthodontic treatment.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF ARCHITECTURAL EXPANSION AND ASSIMILATE ALLOCATION IN DIFFERENT TROPICAL TREE SAPLINGS: CONSEQUENCES OF USING STEADY-STATE AND DYNAMIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS MODELS

Six woody species from a successional series growing in their establishment phases in a premontane tropical Costa Rican rainforest were analysed in detail concerning whole canopy carbon gains - using two principally different photo- synthesis models. Crown architectures of 65 individuals, 0.2 to 4.5m high, were monitored over two years and precisely reconstructed in 3 dimensions. For each single leaf of 28 selected plants light absorption on daily bases was calculated using the reconstructed plant canopies and the light data as inputs. For identical daily light courses net photosynthesis was simulated using firstly, a steady-state and, secondly, a dynamic photosynthesis model which takes light-controlled photosynthetic induction states into account. Canopy carbon gain was determined by summing daily leaf net carbon gains for each individual leaf and integrating over a whole year. Observed biomass increments of all individuals showed only plausible agreement when the dynamic photosynthesis model was used. Comparing steady-state and dynamic model approaches resulted in strong, unrealistic overestimations by the steady-state model, showing at minimum 30% (in pioneers) and at maximum 650 % overestimated annual canopy carbon gains in the mid- to late-successional plants. Lightflecks alternating with low light availability contributed to deficiencies in the photosynthetic induction state, which are only accounted for in the dynamic model. Pioneers invest about 33% of annual carbon in short-lived leaves and the remainder (ca. 42%) in supporting tissues. In contrast, late-successionals partition only 8-18% into leaves of much greater longevity and 57-67% to build "expensive" supporting structures of high wood density and high longevity - very likely forming the base for future growth into the forest canopy. We conclude that only dynamic photosynthesis models are appropriate to differentiate plant carbon economies of shade tolerant and intolerant species in tropical forest ecosystems. Accepted 10 October 2004.
Framework for Assessing Viability of Threatened and Endangered Chinook Salmon and Steelhead in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Basin

Protected evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmonids require objective and measurable criteria for guiding their recovery. In this report, we develop a method for assessing population viability and two ways to integrate these population-level assessments into an assessment of ESU viability. Population viability is assessed with quantitative extinction models or criteria relating to population size, population growth rate, the occurrence of catastrophic declines, and the degree of hatchery influence. ESU viability is assessed by examining the number and distribution of viable populations across the landscape and their proximity to sources of catastrophic disturbance. Central Valley spring-run and winter-run Chinook salmon ESUs are not currently viable, according to the criteria-based assessment. In both ESUs, extant populations may be at low risk of extinction, but these populations represent a small portion of the historical ESUs, and are vulnerable to catastrophic disturbance. The winter-run Chinook salmon ESU, in the extreme case, is represented by a single population that spawns outside of its historical spawning range. We are unable to assess the status of the Central Valley
TOWARDS A THEORY OF BUSINESS MODEL ADAPTATION

Research in the field of Business Models is a recent and rapidly growing phenomenon. It brings to bear strands from a variety of disciplines, including Entrepreneurship, Strategy, and Commercialisation. One aspect that is especially lacking in the research is that of Business Model adaptation among firms commercialising new technology. This study is part of a broader process research program investigating Business Model change. In particular, it is attempting to fill the lack of theory on Business Model adaptation, by seeking direction from the theory of strategic decision- making in entrepreneurial environments (including corporate entrepreneurship) where innovation is a strong feature. Strands of theory surveyed in this study include: high speed decision-making; emergent strategy; open innovation; effectuation. Tentative hypotheses are developed for further elaboration and incorporation into the broader research program.
Associations between cortisol awakening response and resting electroencephalograph asymmetry

The cortisol awakening response (CAR), a rapid cortisol rise in the morning after awakening, has been proposed to provide energy to cope with daily demands and suggested to be associated with brain functions. Electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry studies have implicated asymmetric cortical activation, especially in frontal cortex, in approach-withdrawal motivation. In this study, we examined the relationship between the CAR and lateralized cortical activity under rest in 55 university male students. Saliva samples were collected at 0, 15, 30 and 60 min after awakening on the two consecutive workdays. The lateralized cortical activity at frontocentral sites was examined by alpha asymmetry score. The results showed that a higher CAR was positively associated with alpha asymmetry score, which indicated that the higher CAR is linked with more left-sided cortical activity at frontocentral sites under resting state. This association still existed even after controlling psychological and sleep quality variables. These results suggested that appropriately mobilizing energy resource storage after awakening revealed as CAR might be associated with goal-directed approach tendencies before any eventual stressful situation, characteristic of more left than right resting-state frontocentral cortical activity.
A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in North and Central America and the Caribbean

Abstract The Morelloid Clade, also known as the black nightshades or “Maurella” (Morella), is one of the 10 major clades within the mega-diverse genus Solanum L. The clade is most species rich in the central to southern Andes, but species occur around the tropics and subtropics, some extending well into the temperate zone. Plants of the group are herbaceous or short-lived perennials, with small white or purplish white flowers, and small juicy berries. Due to the complex morphological variation and weedy nature of these plants, coupled with the large number of published synonyms (especially for European taxa), our understanding of species limits and diversity in the Morelloid Clade has lagged behind that of other major groups in Solanum. Here we provide the second in a three-part series of revisions of the morelloid solanums treating the species occurring in North and Central America and the Caribbean (for the Old World see “PhytoKeys 106”, the third part will treat species of South America). Synonymy, morphological descriptions, distribution maps, and common names and uses are provided for all 18 species occurring in this region. We treat 10 of these species as native, and eight as putatively naturalised, introduced and/or invasive in the region. We provide complete descriptions with nomenclatural details, including lecto- and neotypifications, for all species. Keys to all species occurring in the whole region and for each area within it (i.e., North America, Central America and Mexico, and the islands of the Caribbean), illustrations to aid identification both in herbaria and in the field, and distribution maps are provided. Preliminary conservation assessments are provided for all species. Details of all specimens examined are provided in three Supplementary materials sections.
ANALYSIS OF LIVER FUNCTION AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF FLUOROSIS AFFECTED RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS IN UDAYAGIRI MANDAL, NELLORE DISTRICT, A. P., INDIA

Fluoride in drinking water in elevated levels develops a situation known as fluorosis. In India it become more problematic in most of the areas includes Andhra Pradesh. Present study has been conducted in Udayagiri mandal, Nellore district people with renal failures under the influence of fluoride water consumption. Reports proved the elevation levels of the serum and urinary fluoride as well creatinine levels. Liver function tests were conducted to know a specific mechanism of the fluoride with renal failures. But studies showed that there are not many alterations in the liver function mechanism.
Effects of Meditation Technique on Test Anxiety Among Secondary School Students in Anambra State, Nigeria

Test anxiety constitutes a serious academic impediment to lots of students in schools. This study investigated the Effects of Meditation technique on test anxiety among secondary school students in Anambra State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Quasi-experimental research was adopted in carrying out the study. A sample size of 101 adolescents was chosen from a population of 475 adolescents in SS2 with test anxiety. The sample was derived from two schools selected using purposive sampling technique based on the number of students that scored high on Test Anxiety Inventory. Data relating to research questions were analysed using statistical Mean while data relating to hypothesis was analysed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Findings from the study revealed among others that though the reduction of secondary school students’ test anxiety after meditation technique differed significantly with that of the conventional counselling group, meditation technique was not effective on secondary school students’ test anxiety. It further revealed that meditation technique reduced the secondary school students’ test anxiety. Based on the findings, implications of the study were noted and recommendations made that since the technique meditation was found not to be effective, but significantly reduced the test anxiety of the participants, the technique should not be used alone by the guidance counsellors in helping clients, especially students in overcoming their test anxiety in schools.
Thermodynamics of trajectories and local fluctuation theorems for harmonic quantum networks

We present a general method to undertake a thorough analysis of the thermodynamics of the quantum jump trajectories followed by an arbitrary quantum harmonic network undergoing linear and bilinear dynamics. The approach is based on the phase-space representation of the state of a harmonic network. The large deviation function associated with this system encodes the full counting statistics of exchange and also allows one to deduce fluctuation theorems (FTs) obeyed by the dynamics. We illustrate the method showing the validity of a local FT about the exchange of excitations between a restricted part of the environment (i.e., a local bath) and a harmonic network coupled with different schemes.
Phylogenetic position of Tefennia Schutt et Yildirim, 2003 (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea)

A BSTRACT : The phylogenetic position of Tefennia tefennica Schutt et Yildirim, 2003, an endemic snail species from southwestern Turkey, was inferred with maximum likelihood analyses of DNA sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and nuclear 18S rRNA. Tefennia belongs to the Hydrobiidae, Sadlerianinae; its sister clade comprises Grossuana Radoman, 1973, Trichonia Radoman, 1973 and Daphniola Radoman, 1973. Shell, radula and soft parts of T. tefennica are presented.
Gatekeeping Science: Using the Structure of Scientific Research to Distinguish Between Admissibility and Weight in Expert Testimony

Fundamental to all evidence rules is the division of responsibility between the judge, who determines the admissibility of evidence, and the jury, which gauges its weight. In most evidence contexts, such as hearsay and character, threshold admissibility obligations are clear and relatively uncontroversial. The same is not true for scientific evidence. The complex nature of scientific inference, and in particular the challenges of reasoning from group data to individual cases, has bedeviled courts. As a result, courts vary considerably on how they define the judge’s gatekeeping task under Federal Rule of Evidence 702 and its state equivalents. This article seeks to reconceptualize gatekeeping analysis in scientific evidence cases based on the nature of science itself, specifically, the division between general and case-specific scientific findings. Because expert testimony describing basic science, “framework” science, and the scientific methods an expert uses to reach his or her conclusions transcend the case-at-hand, the validity of these preliminary facts ought to be determined by the judge. In contrast, when an expert claims to have used a methodology approved by the judge but there is a dispute as to whether he or she in fact did so, the question becomes one of credibility specific to the case, and is for the jury. This division between general and case-specific preliminary facts is simpler to administer than other admissibility/weight frameworks, which have relied primarily on problematic attempts to distinguish scientific methods from scientific conclusions. It is also fully consistent with, and helps implement, basic principles of both constitutional and evidentiary jurisprudence by ensuring that the trial judge — presumptively better attuned to matters of general import — decides reliability issues, while the jury — historically viewed as trier of the facts — is the ultimate arbiter of those case-specific matters requiring a credibility assessment. Because the general-specific divide likewise argues for a stiff standard of appellate review on scientific reliability issues, our alignment of evidence law with the nature of scientific research also provides the best court-monitored mechanism for ensuring that courtroom use of science is both sophisticated and consistent across cases.
Master in Innovation and Research in Informatics Spec . in High Performance Computing Improving interoperability between OmpSs and MPI

Programming tools and application libraries are the second level of the software stack in HPC systems, on top of the operative system and the middleware. They allow users to build their applications and simplify their development. In addition, these tools and libraries are specifically designed and optimized to make the most efficient use of the processors installed in these systems. The following generations of computers will introduce many new challenges to HPC software development. As an example, Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer, a Chinese supercomputer among the most powerful computer systems in the world, incorporates 260 cores per processor with an unusual memory hierarchy. Maintaining such level of complexity in an application is unfeasible. Furthermore, applications dealing with these hardware particularities would not be portable, requiring constant changes when moving from one system to another. Message passing libraries and parallel programming frameworks are one of the core parts in HPC systems, that cope with the details of their hardware components and provide a standard interface to applications, allowing these to run on multiple compute nodes while maintaining portability. Current software efforts tend towards moving the common software parts to specialized libraries, meanwhile applications are left with the specific logic of the problem they are meant to solve. Therefore, being able to combine these libraries in an application is essential. In this work, we present OmpSs-MPI interoperability library. This library is conceived to simplify the development of hybrid programs with OmpSs (a parallel programming framework) and MPI (a message passing library). In addition, it paves the way for existing OmpSs-only or MPI-only applications to adopt the benefits of MPI and OmpSs models respectively.
Thermoeconomic Optimization of Cascade Refrigeration System Using Mixed Carbon Dioxide and Hydrocarbons at Low Temperature Circuit

Many applications and industrial processes require ve y low cooling temperature, such as cold storage in the biomedical field, requiring temperature below -80 °C. However, single-cycle refrigeration systems can only achiev e the effective cooling temperature of -40 °C and, also, the perfor mance of the cycle will decrease drastically for co oling temperatures lower than -35°C. Currently, most of cascade refrig ration systems use refrigerants that have ozone de pl tion potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP), therefore , in this study, a cascade system is simulated usin g a mixture of environmentally friendly refrigerants, namely, carb on dioxide and a hydrocarbon (propane, ethane or et hylene) as the refrigerant of the low temperature circuit. A therm odynamic analysis is performed to determine the opt imal composition of the mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons i the scope of certain operating parameters. In add ition, an economic analysis was also performed to determine t he annual cost to be incurred from the cascade refr igeration system. The multi-objective/thermoeconomic optimization poi nts out optimal operating parameter values of the s ystem, to addressing both exergy efficiency and its relation o the costs to be incurred.
Modeling the post-AD 79 Deposits of Somma-Vesuvius to Reconstruct the pre-AD 79 Topography of the Sarno River Plain ( Italy )

During the Plinian eruption of Somma-Vesuvius in AD 79 almost the entire Sarno River Plain (Campania, Italy) was more or less instantly covered by thick volcanic deposits. This contributed to a good preservation of the palaeo-surface and the palaeo-environmental conditions before AD 79. Since the AD 79 volcanic deposits can be clearly distinguished from other stratigraphic layers they can be considered as a chronostratigraphic marker for identifying the pre-AD 79 palaeo-surface in the Sarno River Plain. The objective of this geoarchaeological study was to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography and selected palaeoenvironmental features of the Sarno River Plain by modelling the thickness of the post-AD 79 deposits. Thus a methodology was developed that is based on an extensive dataset of stratigraphic information, a highresolution present-day digital elevation model (DEM) and a classification and regression tree approach.
Generation of open-ended, worm-like and graphene-like structures from layered spherical carbon materials

A study of the effects of size dispersion of Au@SiO2 spheres and silica sphere templates for the synthesis of hollow carbon structures was evaluated using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) nanocasting method. The diameter of the template, the presence of the gold nanoparticles and the polyvinylpyrrolidone (to cap the Au particles) were found to determine the size, thickness and shape of the synthesized carbon nanostructures. The Au@monodispersed small-sized silica sphere (80–110 nm) template covered with carbon followed by removal of silica produced broken hollow carbon spheres, whereas an equivalent Au@monodispersed large-sized silica sphere (110–150 nm) template produced hollow carbon spheres with a complete carbon shell. Monodispersed and polydispersed pristine silica spheres without Au produced hollow carbon spheres with complete and deformed carbon shells, respectively. Polyvinylpyrrolidone addition to polydispersed SiO2 spheres, followed by carbonization with toluene (1 h) and SiO2 removal, produced wormlike carbon structures. Carbonization (and SiO2 removal) of Au@polydispersed silica spheres for a short carbonization time (1 h) gave a layered carbon nanosheet while at intermediate and longer carbonization times (2–4 h) gave nanotube-like (or worm-like) carbon structures. Raman spectra confirmed the formation of the graphitic nature of the carbon materials. These results highlight the potential use of Au@carbon coreshell structures for the generation of few layered graphene-like unusual nanostructures. As a proof of concept, the wormlike carbon structures were incorporated in organic solar cells and found to give a measurable photovoltaic response.
Examining New Product Financial Performance Through Marketing Intelligence Quality, Customer Interaction Capabilities and Customer-Centric Commitment on Jordan’s Micro Retail Fashions

The purpose of this paper is to examine and test the mediator of customer interaction capabilities in relationship with quality market intelligence (MIQ) and customer centric commitment (CCC) with the new products performance (NPP). This paper chooses 184 micro retail fashions and examines the relationship of MIQ, CCC with CIC and NPP. The findings indicate that MIQ only affects the NPP, while the CCC is not. Nonetheless, CIC actually mediate the relationship between MIQ and CCC with NPP. By examining the diverse learning literature market, CRM, NPD and entrepreneurship, this paper offers a unique analysis on the quality of market intelligence and customer centric commitment and their impact on customer interaction capability and performance of new products. Conceptual and empirical discussion results to extend previous research on market orientation culture on SMEs.