Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preparing for smart product-service system (PSS) implementation: an investigation into the Daimler group

Abstract This paper aims at investigating the main factors behind advancing the integration of products and services in the Brazilian subsidiary of Mercedes-Benz (MBB), and how Smart PSS has been perceived by other business units of the Daimler Group. We conducted an in-depth qualitative single-case study research to investigate the critical steps preceding the implementation of a smart PSS. The study was based on the main tactical areas of a PSS business model which was applied to MBB’s possible integration of their equipment (called Fleetboard) in a smart PSS solution. The findings demonstrate that the internal culture of a product-centric automotive manufacturing firm can prohibit the sales of services, even when service technologies are available. On the other hand, financial pressures can create the sense of urgency required for the firm to appreciate the necessity of change. The process of change is too complex, since it requires capabilities in key areas such as the law, marketing, networking/partnerships, design, sustainability, and organisation and human resources management. Our study shows how the company considers alternative options in order to reduce organisational barriers, develop partnerships and legal competence to offer PSS contracts, as well as seeking alignment between design, marketing and sustainability requirements.
Embossing of polymers using a thermosetting polymer mold made by soft lithography

In this article we present a mechanical pattern transfer process where a thermosetting polymer mold instead of a metal, dielectric, ceramic, or semiconductor master made by conventional lithography was used as the master to pattern thermoplastic polymers in hot embossing lithography. The thermosetting polymer mold was fabricated by a soft lithography strategy, microtransfer molding. For comparison, the thermosetting polymer mold and the silicon wafer master were both used to imprint the thermoplastic polymer, polymethylmethacrylate. Replication of the thermosetting polymer mold and the silicon wafer master was of the same quality. This indicates that the thermosetting polymer mold could be used for thermoplastic polymer patterning in hot embossing lithography with high fidelity.
A Comparative Study between Ginger and Echinacea Possible Effect on the Albino Rat Spleen of Experimentally Induced Diabetes

Background: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic serious health problem that affecting different organs in the body as spleen. It led to a decrease in immune function.Aim: The present study compared between the effect of two herbal extracts ginger and Echinacea on their immunomoduolatory role on experimentally induced diabetes.Materials and Methods: 45 adult male rats were used in the study. They were divided into 2 groups. Control group(group I): included 15 animals and group II included 30 animals and were divided into 3 subgroups 10 animals each. subgroup IIa: diabetic group: received a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 70 mg/kg dissolved in cold saline solution, subgroup II b: diabetic treated with echinacia daily 100mg/kg for 60 days orally by gastric gavage and subgroup IIc: diabetic treated with ginger 500mg/kg for 60 days orally by gastric gavage. At the end of experiment animals were sacrificied,spleen was dissected and processed for light,electron microscopic study and immunohistochemistry. Morphometric study and statistical analysis were done for the percentage area of collagen fibers and number of positive celeaved caspase 3 cells.Results: Diabetes led to marked atrophied white pulp and statistically significant increase in the number of cleaved caspase-3 positive cells as well as the area percentage of collagen fibers in the spleen. Echinacea treated group red pulp contain numerous acidophilic cells with vesicular nuclei in between the splenic lymphocytes as well as congested dilated blood sinusoids. The lymphocytes were more or less similar to those in the control group. Ginger treated group exhibited marked improvement in the splenic architecture. There were significant decrease in both cleaved caspase-3 positive cells and area percentage of collagen fibers that was marked in ginger group.Conclusion: We conc
Direct and residual phosphorus effects on soil test values and their relationships with grain yield and phosphorus uptake of upland rice on an ultisol

Establishing relationships between extractable phosphorus (P) in the soil and grain yield and P uptake in long-term field experiments are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of soil tests for determining the P requirements of crops. A field experiment was conducted for six years (1993–1998) to evaluate the response of four improved upland rice cultivars to direct and residual P. Fertilizer P was applied at 0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg P ha− 1 once in 1993 and the crops were grown during 1993–1998 without any fresh application of fertilizer P. The relationship between Bray 1 P and fertilizer P added in the initial P buildup phase were described by a linear regression equation (R=0.985). The prediction of decline in Bray 1 P with time, during the residual P phase was affected by P rate and well described by linear regression equations. The relationships between soil P test and P uptake were closer than between soil P and grain yield. The relationships between Bray 1 P and grain yield or total P uptake of the crop were significant in 1994 and 1995 seasons but not in the 1996 and 1998 seasons when the Bray 1 P values in all P treatments had fallen to low values. Results suggest that Bray 1 P indicated the availability of P to rice crops and thus can be used for determining the long-term fertilizer P requirements of upland rice in the Ultisol.
SELI: statistical evaluation based leaker identification stochastic scheme for secure data sharing

: Data leakage has become a critical challenge for any organisation, especially when the third party is involved with legitimate permissions to access its confidential data. This study provides a statistical evaluation-based leaker identification (SELI) scheme to identify the malicious entity when the data is leaked by any agent at some unauthorised place. A new distribution strategy for object and agent selection which enriches the guilty agent recognition is introduced. The three algorithms named SELI–first come first serve, SELI–round Robin (SELI–RR) and SELI–shortest request first (SELI–SRF) are presented for the agent selection. Furthermore, the spurious data objects are added while distributing the data sets among the agents to uniquely identify the leaker. The SELI scheme estimates the guilty entity based on the allocated data among the agents using bigraph. The proposed solution achieves an improvement of up to 25.37 and 58.18% for average probability and average success rate respectively in case of SELI–SRF and 163.68% in case of SELI–RR for detection rate compared to the prior work. In addition to this, the SELI scheme proved its efficiency by securing up to 99.82% accuracy, 99.92% precision, 99.4% recall and 99.97% specificity.
The Comparative Effectiveness of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. Pericarp Ethanol Extract and Metformin in Reducing Blood Sugar Levels and Ameliorating the Langerhans Islets Degeneration in Diabetic Rat Models

Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus but its effectiveness is still inconclusive so it needs to be compared with standard drugs such as metformin. This study aims to analyze the effects of P. macrocarpa fruit extracts on blood sugar levels and the repairing of the pancreatic Langerhans islets of diabetic rat models. The study was conducted experimentally by pre and post-test design with a control group. Thirty white rats were divided into 6 groups. All rats were treated with 40 mg/200 g BW of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce hyperglycemia, except group I. Group II as a negative control was given with aquadest. Group III, IV, and V were given with ethanol extract of P. macrocarpa pericarps at doses of 200, 250, and 300 mg/200 g BW/day, respectively. Group VI was given with metformin at a dose of 150 mg/200 g BW/day. On the 22 nd day of treatment, blood specimens were taken for examination of fasting blood sugar levels and pancreatic organs were analyzed for histopathological examination of the islets of pancreatic Langerhans. The data were statistically analyzed with α<0.05; CI95%. Paired sample t-test results showed a significant decrease in blood sugar levels before and after treatment in group V (p-value=0.048). One way anova and post hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD) test results showed a significant difference in mean blood sugar levels after the final treatment between groups I and II (p-value=0.013), I and III (p-value=0.004), I and IV (p-value=0.002), I and VI (p-value=0.000), II and VI (p-value=0.031), and V with VI (p-value=0.005); one way anova and post hoc LSD test results showed a significant difference in the mean area of islets of pancreatic Langerhans between group I and all treatment groups (p-value=0.000), II with V and VI (p-value=0.000 and 0.009), III with V and VI (p-value=0.000 and 0.001), and IV with V (p-value=0.003). It can be concluded that the extract of P. macrocarpa pericarps showed a hypoglycemic effect and repaired the damage in Langerhans islets of STZ-induced rat in a dose-dependent manner .
The Effects of Absorptive Capacity on Innovation Performance: A Cross‐country Perspective*

This article has two objectives: the construction of enterprise ‐ level estimates of absorptive capacity to allow comparison of absorptive capacity levels across Europe and the analysis of whether the effects of absorptive capacity on R&D and innovation vary across countries. The dataset is the Community Innovation Survey, which provides information on the innovation activities of enterprises in Europe. The estimates of absorptive capacity are generated using a structural equation model that considers absorptive capacity to be a latent variable that predicts the use of information sources and cooperation partners for innovation activities. The effects of absorptive capacity are estimated econometrically using probit models. The results show that absorptive capacity levels vary substantially across European countries, with western European enterprises (particularly those in Germany) generally having higher absorptive capacity than eastern European enterprises (especially Romanian enterprises). The effects of absorptive capacity on R&D and innovation are uniformly positive but also demonstrate substantial heterogeneity across countries. This has important implications for policy as it suggests that not only should government aim to enhance absorptive capacity levels but it should also attempt to enhance the value of external knowledge available for enterprises to exploit.
Linking Adverbials in Academic Writing on English Linguistics by Korean MA Students

Cho Cho This paper investigates the use of linking adverbials in the academic writing on English linguistics by Korean master’s students. Linking adverbials have been investigated as important writing tools for EFL learners in academic and argumentative writing since they help to present clear and logical relationships among sentences. For the present study, a student corpus which consists of 10 master’s theses in the discipline of English linguistics is compiled. I also compile a control corpus composed of 50 published articles from international journals to use as a standard. Master’s students generally overuse the fewer types of linking adverbials compared to professional writers. Among 98 linking adverbials, 23 are overused while only 7 are underused by master’s students. Also, they have a strong preference for the sentence-initial position of linking adverbials. Regarding the misuse, students are found to confuse on the other hand with in contrast or on the contrary . Some grammatical misuses such as form mismatch and run-on sentences are also easily identified. The results of this study indicate that Korean students in English linguistics are in the process of becoming professional writers; that is, even though they still have some similarities with Korean EFL undergraduates, they certainly attained a better control over linking 219 verbials compared to undergraduate
Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning

Heart-related diseases or Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the most common and main reasons for a huge number of deaths in the world, not only in India but in the whole world. So, there is a need for a reliable, accurate, and feasible system to diagnose such diseases in time for proper treatment. This research paper represents the various models based on such algorithms and techniques to analyze their performance. Such as Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes, Random Forest, and ensemble models which are Supervised Learning algorithms. Using various important features that are necessary for the prediction of CVDs (like a person is having CVDs or not), which we will further discuss in this paper.
A corresponding states predictive viscosity model based on a new scaling parameter: application to hydrocarbons, halocarbons and mixtures

A three‐parameter corresponding states (CS) model is developed, importing methods formerly studied for the volumetric representation of fluids. The three parameters are critical temperature, pressure and a viscosity scaling factor ψ defined from experimental saturated liquid viscosity data or, when these are unavailable, from a single experimental point. Two reference fluids are chosen both for their ψ factor value and because the corresponding viscosity dedicated equations (VDE) are available. On the basis of the three‐parameter CS model proposed by Teja et al. for volumetric properties, the reduced viscosity of a third fluid is obtained in reduced P, T variables interpolating that of the two reference fluids, calculated at the same reduced temperature and pressure, by ψ.
Developing methodical approaches to substantiating average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air in settlements as per acceptable health risk

A methodological basis for providing chemical safety for population is obtained via fixing safe concentrations of hazardous substances, including those in ambient air, as it allows absence of unacceptable risks for people’s life and health. In the Russian Federation average daily maximum permissible concentrations (MPC av.d.) are applied to prevent chronic effects on human health produced by hazardous substances that are present in ambient air. But in world practice it is conventional to apply average annual concentrations when assessing chronic exposure to hazardous substances as it allows applying existing acceptable health risks as assessment criteria. We propose an algorithm for substantiating average annual MPC of chemicals in ambient air as per health risks criteria; the algorithm is harmonized with international approaches and takes into accounts research results taken from previous research works that have been published in relevant scientific sources. The algorithm also involves accomplishing toxicological and/or epidemiologic examinations solely aimed at obtaining missing data. The proposed algorithm envisages selecting starting points for substantiating a hygienic standard and uncertaintyfactors. Proposed methodical approaches have a distinctive feature that is verification of obtained standards as per acceptable (permissible) carcinogenic risk criteria and assessment of safety under exposure equal to MPC av.an. during the whole life span. Development and implementation of average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air will promote harmonization of the domestic regulatory base with hygienic standards and norms accepted in world practice.
A review on hepatoprotective activity of various medicinal plant

Plants Kingdom play crucial role for the existence of human being on this world. Liver diseases cause by alcohol as it is the major organ associated with the removal of excess ethanol. Increased iron uptake by the hepatocytes, increased production of hydrogen peroxide and free radicals, elevated levels of shortchain fatty acids, all these contribute to the increased per-oxidation of lipids in alcoholic liver. This can lead to liver dysfunction. For the treat liver diseases the use of herbal medicines has increased globally, and this is due to their positive views such as free from serious adverse reactions. Plants derived natural products such as flavonoids, terpenoids and sterols have received considerable attention in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological properties including antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. The present review had as its objective the collecting of data based on research conducted into some medicinal plants, which have demonstrated hepatoprotective activity.
Dynamic Capabilities in Microfinance Innovation: A Case Study of the Grameen Foundation

The purpose of this research is to understand how microfinance organizations innovate their products, services, and processes to improve financial inclusion. The approach used is a retrospective, longitudinal, qualitative case study of how Grameen Foundation, a global non-government organization that partners with various microfinance institutions to provide micro loans and savings innovated. Data was obtained using semi structured interviews and publicly available material. Applying Dynamic Capability Theory highlighted the unique ways in which Grameen Foundation innovated through the three concepts of (1) sensing, (2) seizing, and (3) transforming. Our findings offer five insights that characterize how Grameen Foundation innovated its products, services and processes to improve financial inclusion by: 1) sensing country-specific needs; 2) seizing opportunities to use existing technology; 3) funding projects that created financial linkages through multi-sectorial partnerships; 4) adopting a business model that enabled innovation transfer and scaling; and, 5) strengthening how program performance was measured, monitored and evaluated to sustain the scaling of outcomes. While single case studies suffer from limited generalizability, this study may help microfinance practitioners assess the transferability of the findings to other contexts where changes will likely produce different outcomes for microfinance institutions and their beneficiaries. Future studies will benefit from applying other methods and theories that focus on innovation with built-in resiliency and capabilities to withstand the everchanging economic environments in which microfinance institutions operate.
Synthesis of α-conotoxin SI, a bicyclic tridecapeptide amide with two disulfide bridges : illustration of novel protection schemes and oxidation strategies

Several routes [solution or polymer-suuported peptide synthesis] are described and compared for the synthesis of α-conotoxin SI, a tridecapeptide amide of sequence H-Ile-Cys-Cys-Asn-Pro-Ala-Cys-Gly-Pro-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Cys-NH 2 , with bicyclic disulfides connecting Cys 2 with Cys 7 , and Cys 3 with Cys 13 . The linear sequence was assembled smoothly on tris(alkoxy)benzylamide (PAL) supports, using stepwise Fmoc solid-phase chemistry. Side-chain protection of Cys was provided by S-2,4,6-trimethoxybenzyl (Tmob) at all four positions or by suitable pairwise combinations of S-Tmob and S-acetamidomethyl (Acm). (.) The most promising results started with appropiate resin-bound precursor, which was treated with TFA-CH 2 -Et 3 SiH-H 2 O-anisole to remote selectively S-Tmob groups from Cys 2 andCys 7 without significant loss of chains from the support. The resultant resin-bound dithiol was oxidized with CCl 4 -Et 3 N in N-methylpyrrolidinone to provide a resin-bound monocyclic bis(Acm) intermediate, which was oxidized further with Tl(tfa) 3 in DMF-anisole; After acidolytic cleavage, monomeric conotoxin was obtained
The Resultant Force of a Multimedia Mobile Application

The impact of a multimedia mobile application concerning self-efficacy about personal evaluation on the academic performance is studied with a theoretical model that emulates the interface with a learning and evaluation educational evolution, delivered one after another, with no time separation between them. Our theoretical model offers an introduction of an indicator metric, symbolized in this paper work with acronym PE, as a tool to define a bridge between the time allocated for each of the three stages of an educational process composed by: teaching, practice and evaluation. A dedicated multimedia mobile application was created to be implemented across a sample population of students using a unique theme and four different versions that simulates a decreasing concentration of multimedia contents. In order to start a parallel approach to our indicator metric, PE, we propose utilization of an interpretation supporting vector analysis starting from our assumption that both formal and informal evaluation could be assimilated together with a scalar vector outcome as a resultant force of final evaluation regarding academic performance. This last objective will be considered as a supplementary evidence on behalf of our indicator metric PE. We emphasized two areas in our laboratory experiment, with different patterns regarding educational energy that flows from instructor or teacher reciprocally toward to the learner, with the status of exothermic and endothermic educational activities. Our last educational energy classification will be considered as a teacher person point of view. In this paper the master objective was to observe the moment when an individual learner uses a multimedia mobile application and to explain with multiple regression analysis outcomes observed. We search possible connections between independent variables represented by time coverage of different educational stages and a dependent variable represented by the indicator metric PE and, furthermore, by the resultant of force resulted from formal and informal evaluation.
Study of synthetic complex esters as automotive gear lubricants

A number of di- and triol-centered polyols such as 2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propane diol, 2, 2-diethyl-1, 3-propane diol and 1, 1, 1-tris hydroxy methyl propane complex esters have been synthesized using di-carboxylic acids like adipic and sebacic acids (C6–C10) and 2-ethyl 1-hexanol with indigenous ion-exchange resin (Indion-130) catalyst. The applicability of these esters as automotive gear lubricants has been evaluated. The products were found to be compatible with extreme pressure additives. In addition, the products are readily biodegradable. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Big N Audit Quality Effect: New Evidence on Audit Hours and Audit Adjustments

Using a unique data set on audits of Chinese companies, this paper examines the Big N audit quality effect by comparing the audit processes of Big N and non-Big N auditors. We document that Big N audits involve significantly more audit hours with higher per-hour fees but do not result in more audit adjustments. In fact, Big N audits have a significantly higher percentage of cases with no audit adjustments at all. Big N audits also have fewer subsequent restatements. Collectively, this evidence suggests that Big N firms play a significant disciplinary role by performing more time-consuming and costly audits. Anticipating such stringent audits, clients of the Big N increase the quality of their reports ex ante, resulting in fewer audit adjustments and higher-quality financial reports.