Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breeding systems and reproductive success on Salvia smyrnaea

The reproductive ecology of Salvia smyrnaea Boiss. (Lamiaceae) on Mount Nif along with their breeding system and reproductive success were examined. S. smyrnaea, distributed over Mount Nif (Izmir Province) at an altitude of 1510 m, is the study material of this research. To detect the stigma receptivity, the Perex test was applied to 25 young and mature flowers. To detect pollen viability, the MTT method was used. To detect the fertilisation type of the taxon S. smyrnaea, 5 different fertilisation methods were tested on the flowers of the plant. Breeding success was assessed through nutlet formation. While the enzyme activity was calculated as approximately 14.2% with an average of 71 ppm in 25 young flowers to which Perex tests were applied, it was approximately 60% with an average of 300 ppm in the mature flowers. In the mature flowers, the highest pollen viability was 10.29%, whereas this rate was 70.27% for the young flowers. In our study, the self-incompatibility rate of S. smyrnaea was calculated as (ISI) = 22/24 = 0.91 (between 0.2 and 1) and it was detected as partially self-incompatible. This result was in line with the fact that the taxon is protandrous.
VILLE KOLJONEN MODELLING AND INVERSION OF FLUORESCENT DATA IN OPTICAL PROJECTION TOMOGRAPHY

VILLE KOLJONEN: Modelling and Inversion of Fluorescent Data in Optical Projection Tomography Tampere University of Technology Bachelor of Science thesis, 31 pages, 4 Appendix pages July 2018 Degree Programme in Engineering and Natural Sciences, BSc (Tech) Major: mathematics Examiner: Asst. Prof. Sampsa Pursiainen
Simulated effects of changes in direct and diffuse radiation on canopy scale isoprene emissions from vegetation following volcanic eruptions

Abstract. Volcanic eruptions can alter the quality of incoming solar irradiance reaching the Earth's surface thereby influencing the interactions between vegetation and the Earth system. Isoprene (C 5 H 8 ) is a biogenic volatile organic compound emitted from leaves at a rate that is strongly dependent on the received flux of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). We used a theoretical approach to investigate the potential for volcanic eruptions to change the isoprene flux from terrestrial forests using canopy-scale isoprene emission simulations that vary either the relative or absolute amount of diffuse ( I diff ) and direct ( I dir ) PAR. According to our simulations for a northern hardwood deciduous forest, if the total amount of PAR during summer remains constant while the proportion of I diff increases, canopy-scale isoprene emissions increase. This effect increases as leaf area index (LAI) increases. Simulating a decrease in the total amount of PAR, and a corresponding increase in I diff fraction, as measured during the 1992 Pinatubo eruption, changes daily total canopy-scale isoprene emissions from terrestrial vegetation in summertime by +2.8% and −1.4% for LAI of 6 and 2, respectively. These effects have not previously been realized or quantified. Better capturing the effects of volcanic eruptions (and other major perturbations to the atmospheric aerosol content) on isoprene emissions from the terrestrial biosphere, and hence on the chemistry of the atmosphere, therefore may require inclusion of the effects of aerosols they produce on climate and the quality of PAR.
Supply Side Organising – Linking Three Overlapping Domains

This paper addresses organising issues at the supply side of companies. Recent developments of the business landscape, in terms of specialisation and partnering, have made purchasing and the supply side increasingly significant. Supply side organising includes purchasing arrangements in the buying company, as well as organising in relation to individual suppliers and the entire supplier base. Previous research has focused on intra-organisational issues with scant attention to external conditions. The aim of this study is to identify a set of conceptual building-blocks to serve as guidelines for the analysis of internal and external organising and the interplay between them. Concepts and models rooted in the industrial network model and an extensive single case study are used iteratively to develop the resulting framework for analysis of supply side organising.
HIV/Aids fear appeal advertisements directed at different market segments: Some considerations for corporate sponsors and NPO’s

The purpose of social advertising is to influence human behaviour for societal benefit. Given concern about the Aids pandemic in South Africa, this study used structural equation modelling and partial least squares to investigate whether the use of fear in social advertising increases the likelihood of adopting appropriate behaviour pertaining to HIV/Aids prevention. Fear, attitude towards the advertisements, severity, susceptibility, response efficacy and self-efficacy were examined for their effect on behavioural intent of young adults within specific market segments. Relationships were found among susceptibility, fear, attitude, and behavioural intent, and different relationship paths were identified for segments based on gender and culture/racial groupings. These differences show the value in tailoring fear appeals to different segments when addressing social cause advertisements.
CONSIDERING WSR IN THE CONTEXT OF NOMOLOGY, A GENERIC META MODEL FOR SYSTEMS STUDIES

This paper compares an Oriental systems approach, WSR, with Nomology, a generic meta model which is based in decision science. The parallels between them are offered as further proof of the existence of a common structure to the decision processes of the mind which crosses boundaries of culture and academic field. Comparisons between Nomology and WSR indicate a commonality of structure. They also suggest possibilities for mutual enrichment of both systems.
Building Co-operation between Tourism and Culture in the West of Ireland

Recommended Citation Redressing regional imbalance is now a key challenge in Ireland. Dublin is the destination of choice for more than two fifths of the market and the number of visitors holidaying outside of the Dublin region has declined significantly between 2003 and 2009. One way of redressing regional imbalance is to harness the tourism potential of the cultural sector. Spread throughout the regions is a wealth of cultural activity and a well developed infrastructure of venues staging vibrant arts activity of international calibre, be it in visual arts, film, literature or the performing arts. This activity engages 2.3 million Irish citizens (66% of the adult population), who participate in the arts annually. Currently, however, this cultural activity is only modestly engaging visitor populations. It is not effectively integrated into the offerings of the tourism sector. tourism literature that has investigated co-operation and networking between firms and stakeholders has predominantly focused on co-op r tion within the tourism sector. However the nature of the tourism sector means that there are significant linkages between the tourism sectors and others such as retail and the arts. In current difficult economic times the necessity of maximising the economic benefits of international tourists in rural destinations is greater than ever. And yet there are challenges for firms attempting to cross the rubric of distinctive sectors to develop inter-firm relationships. Galway is a hive of artistic activity but the development of cultural tourism in Galway as a concept, product and brand is hampered by poor connectivity between the tourism and arts sectors. This paper reports on the initial findings of a project which has identified the level and type of collaboration that exists between tourism and arts providers in Galway, the obstacles that need to be overcome and initiatives that will be instigated to foster inter-sectoral relationships. The research involved key informant interviews and a survey across both sectors. The findings are especially relevant for Galway, but they also have implications and are relevant for many rural destinations. From a national and policy perspective the findings should inform discussions on how to harness linkages between these two sectors to encourage the further development of tourism and the arts in the regions around Ireland.
Polarization transforming properties of Dove prisms

We analyze the polarization changes introduced by a rotated Dove prism on the linearly polarized light, using the Jones calculus. The state of polarization changes from the linear to a mildly elliptical one when a plane wave front passes through a rotated Dove prism: its semi-mayor axis is nearly parallel to the input plane of polarization, for any angle of rotation. The interferogram contrast remains high for all shearing angles in spite of polarization changes when the Dove prism is incorporated into a rotational shearing interferometer. These results are confirmed experimentally.
The Impact of Investments and Gross Value Added upon Earnings

In this paper we tried to capture the impact of investments and gross value added, but also the impact of the employment on the average wage. The analysis refers to the period 1998- 2008 and we are using data on the activities of the Romanian economy. The results of this study confirm the negative influence of the employment, being consistent with the theory. Also, the impact of investments and that of gross value added came out to be positive and significant.
ON THE MODELLING OF SWELL WAVE PENETRATION INTO TIDAL INLET SYSTEMS

For the calculations of the Hydraulic Boundary Conditions in the framework of the Dutch Legal Flood Safety Assessment (WTI), wave statistics obtained at deeper water buoys need to be transformed to the toe of the dike using the wave action model SWAN. This transformation is particularly challenging in complex tidal inlet systems such as the Wadden Sea and the Western Scheldt in the Netherlands. Although various model improvements have been made in SWAN, particularly in the propagation and bottom friction dissipation, one of the unresolved issues is that the penetration of North Sea swell waves into the tidal inlets is still underestimated by SWAN. The goal of this study is to verify the hypothesis that nonlinear interactions, in particular the sub-harmonic triad interactions, play a major role in the transmission of energy from flats into the channel, and that this process can explain SWAN’s under-prediction of wave energy penetration. Since SWAN or any other wave-action equation type models lacks the relevant physics to study this problem, the Boussinesq-type TRITON model is used as well to verify the hypothesis. The conceptual idea, raised by Toledo (2013), is that sub-harmonic wave interactions between second harmonic and basic components generate a wave component of the same frequency as the primary component but at a wider angle of approach. As a consequence, the energy density spectra become directionally broader. From a series of idealized cases with monochromatic and bi-chromatic waves propagating up and down a slope we conclude that the TRITON model results confirm the conceptual idea of 2D nonlinear interactions. Both sub-harmonic wave interactions (to lower frequencies) and super-harmonic wave interactions (to higher frequencies) prove to be important. These insights can be applied to the situation with waves propagating on a tidal flat towards a channel. In case the basic components approach the channel under a sharp angle, such that they will not be able to enter the channel due to refraction, the sub-harmonic components could approach the channel under a less sharp angle and enter the channel. In our study a clear difference between the TRITON and SWAN energy density spectra in and across the channel is observed, as the 2D nonlinear interactions cannot be modeled with the co-linear 1D approach in SWAN. The hypothesis that nonlinear interactions play a major role in the transmission of energy from flats into the channel is confirmed, at least for the cases considered in this study. Additional investigations are still required in order to quantify and generalize the effect of nonlinear interactions on this transmission of energy. In addition, it is recommended to extend the presently implemented three-wave interaction formulation in SWAN to account for directional super- and sub-harmonic interactions.
Anomalous and Normal Diffusion of Tracers in Crowded Environments: Effect of Size Disparity between Tracer and Crowders

The dynamics of tracers in crowded matrix is of interest in various areas of physics, such as the diffusion of proteins in living cells. By using two-dimensional (2D) Langevin dynamics simulations, we investigate the diffusive properties of a tracer of a diameter in crowded environments caused by randomly distributed crowders of a diameter. Results show that the emergence of subdiffusion of a tracer at intermediate time scales depends on the size ratio of the tracer to crowders δ. If δ falls between a lower critical size ratio and a upper one, the anomalous diffusion occurs purely due to the molecular crowding. Further analysis indicates that the physical origin of subdiffusion is the “cage effect”. Moreover, the subdiffusion exponent α decreases with the increasing medium viscosity and the degree of crowding, and gets a minimum αmin=0.75 at δ=1. At long time scales, normal diffusion of a tracer is recovered. For δ≤1, the relative mobility of tracers is independent of the degree of crowding. Meanwhile, it.
Mapping the State of the Art on Green Logistics and Institutional Pressures: A Bibliometric Study

This article aims to build knowledge on the theme “green logistics” and “institutional pressures”, focused on identifying opportunities on its research topic. We used the ProKnow-C intervention instrument, resulting in the selection of 11 relevant articles that came to represent the bibliographic portfolio. Therefore, the bibliometric indicators based on the most prominent journals, the impact factor, the number of citations, the origin of the research centers, the research methods/tools, the most used terms and the subjects covered were used to analyze the articles selected. research in the form of networks. The results showed that the most prominent journal is the International Journal of Production Economics; the article with the largest number of citations (343 citations) is written by Sameer Kumar and Valora Putnam. In relation to the origin of the research centers there was a diversity of institutions of various nationalities, the USA being the country with the largest number of institutions, followed by United Kindon and Malaysia. As for the research methods, we have identified literature reviews, case studies, surveys, conceptual framework proposal and monitoring system development. In relation to the mapping and research networks, we highlight terms such as logistic, regulatory pressure, practice, driver, economic performance, institutional pressure, among other relevant terms. In this context, this information can “shed light” on interested parties and researchers on the subject in order to conceptualize, interpret and visualize their relevance, as well as the coverage networks and related researches.
EFFECT OF FALSE FLAX MEAL ON CERTAIN GROWTH, SERUM AND MEAT PARAMETERS OF JAPANESE QUAILS

False flax (Camelina sativa L.) is an oil seed crop, a member of Brassicaceae family which has got popularity in biofuel production. The meal of false flax seed has a good potential to be used as a cheap alternative protein source in livestock. False Flax Meal (FFM) has not been used and evaluated in quail diet earlier. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of FFM supplementation in quail diets on growth performance, some carcass characteristics, and lipid oxidation in meat. A total of 300 five-day-old Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), including both sexes were divided into 5 groups, each consisting of 60 quails. They were kept in pens and fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet with FFM supplemented at 0% (Control), 5% (FFM5), 10% (FFM10), 15% (FFM15), and 20% (FFM20). The experimental period was lasted for 35 days. Results showed that there were no changes in body weight, body weight gain and feed intake as well as hot and cold carcass weights , relative weight of liver, heart, spleen, gizzard and proventriculus in all experimental groups with FFM supplementation (P>0.05). FCR was impaired in the FFM15 and FFM20 groups compared with the control group (P<0.01). Malondialdehyde levels of serum (P<0.001) and breast meat (P<0.01) decreased in the FFM10, FFM15 and FFM20 groups, whereas serum antioxidant activity level (P<0.01) increased in all experimental groups compared with the control group. In conclusion, it may be stated that dietary supplementation of FFM up to 10% prevents lipid oxidation without any adverse effect on performance and carcass characteristics in quails.
Optimization of genetic transformation protocol mediated by biolistic method in some elite genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

We report here an efficient genotype-independent genetic transformation system in wheat. Highly regenerable embryogenic calli obtained from mature seeds were employed as the target tissue for the genetic transformation of three bread wheat varieties viz C306, HDR77 and PBW343 representing diverse genetic background. The plasmid pDM803 containing GUS and BAR genes driven by rice Act1 and maize Ubiqutin promoter, respectively was transferred into a month-old calli employing particle delivery system. The bombarded calli were transferred to medium supplemented with phosphinothricin at 4 mg L -1 for the selection of the transformed calli. The transgenic calli were confirmed for the expression of GUS by histochemical analysis of β-glucuronidase. Transformation efficiency of the genotypes was calculated based on the number of calli bombarded and the number of plants that were resistant to Basta. Among the three genotypes studied, C306 had a higher efficiency of 0.56% followed by HDR77 with 0.5% and PBW343 with 0.22%. The transformation system developed in this study may facilitate studies on functional genomics and crop improvement via transgenic development. Keywords: Wheat, biolistic, transgenics, bar, phosphinothricin, transformation efficiency African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(6), pp. 531-538
Global and Local Effect of Increasing Land Surface Albedo as a Geo-Engineering Adaptation/Mitigation Option: A Study Case of Mediterranean Greenhouse Farming

Current warming trends have been generated by a recent imbalance in the Earth’s energy budget, characterized by the reduction in 2.6 Wm-2 of the global mean annual outgoing terrestrial longwave (LW) radiation from pre-industrial times (Forster et al., 2007). As a result, there is an excess of incoming solar shortwave (SW) radiation that is driving surface and atmospheric temperatures to higher values of equilibrium. This alteration is called radiative forcing (RF) of the climate, and is very probably originated on the unprecedented growth of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere due to human activities. The reduction to zero emissions might be the only long term effective action to stabilize temperatures at reasonable levels (Mathews & Caldeira, 2008), before impacts are too catastrophic to manage. But on the other hand, in recent years there is a growing interest in the design of geo-engineering strategies to offset this warming exerted by GHGs through radiative rebalancing of the Earth s energy budget. These proposals can be divided in two groups, according to which parte of the energy budget is addressed for rebalancing. The first group, named as Solar Radiation Management tecniques (SRM), joins up all strategies that attempt to reduce the net amount of SW radiation absorbed by the Earth, by limiting the solar energy reaching the planet. SRM can be achieved by increasing the reflectivity or “albedo” of the Earth to SW radiation at different levels of the atmosphere, at the surface, or even from the outer space. The second group, called Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), groups all strategies that aim to increase the amount of LW radiation emitted by the Earth, directly counteracting the greenhouse effect by actively removing the excess CO2 from the atmosphere, and storing it in long term reservoirs. One practical way to make comparisons among the potential impacts on climate of different agents is using estimated RF values, thought it must be borne in mind that this metric does not fully represent their overall impact on climate (Pielke et al., 2002), and that further modelling studies are required. Lenton & Vaughan (2009) have recently quantified in terms of RF the climate cooling potential of a wide range of geo-engineering proposals discussed in the recent literature (Boyd, 2008), taking into account their current feasibility of implementation. In the case of proposals aimed to increase the Earth’s albedo at low levels, their estimation of RF potentials (SWRF) is summarized in the Table 1:
Interest rate rules and monetary targeting: What are the links?

The paper derives the monetary policy reaction function implied by money growth targeting. It consists of an interest rate response to deviations of the inflation rate from target, to the change in the output gap, to money demand shocks and to the lagged interest rate. We show that this type of inertial interest rate rule characterises the Bundesbank’s monetary policy from 1979 to 1998 quite well. This result is robust to the use of real-time or ex post data. The main lesson is that, in addition to anchoring longterm inflation expectations, monetary targeting introduces inertia and historydependence into the monetary policy rule. This is advantageous when private agents have forward-looking expectations and when the level of the output gap is subject to persistent measurement errors.
Inorganic carbon fluxes across the vadose zone of planted and unplanted soil mesocosms

The efflux of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from soils influences atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and thereby climate change. The partitioning of inorganic carbon (C) fluxes in the vadose zone between emission to the atmosphere and to the groundwater was investigated to reveal controlling underlying mechanisms. Carbon dioxide partial pressure in the soil gas ( p CO 2 ), alkalinity, soil moisture and temperature were measured over depth and time in unplanted and planted (barley) mesocosms. The dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) percolation flux was calculated from the p CO 2 , alkalinity and the water flux at the mesocosm bottom. Carbon dioxide exchange between the soil surface and the atmosphere was measured at regular intervals. The soil diffusivity was determined from soil radon-222 ( 222 Rn) emanation rates and soil air Rn concentration profiles and was used in conjunction with measured p CO 2 gradients to calculate the soil CO 2 production. Carbon dioxide fluxes were modeled using the HP1 module of the Hydrus 1-D software. The average CO 2 effluxes to the atmosphere from unplanted and planted mesocosm ecosystems during 78 days of experiment were 0.1 ± 0.07 and 4.9 ± 0.07 μmol C m −2 s −1 , respectively, and grossly exceeded the corresponding DIC percolation fluxes of 0.01 ± 0.004 and 0.06 ± 0.03 μmol C m −2 s −1 . Plant biomass was high in the mesocosms as compared to a standard field situation. Post-harvest soil respiration ( R s ) was only 10% of the R s during plant growth, while the post-harvest DIC percolation flux was more than one-third of the flux during growth. The R s was controlled by production and diffusivity of CO 2 in the soil. The DIC percolation flux was largely controlled by the p CO 2 and the drainage flux due to low solution pH. Modeling suggested that increasing soil alkalinity during plant growth was due to nutrient buffering during root nitrate uptake.