Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cervical Spine in X-ray Images

Injuries in cervical spine X-ray images are often missed by emergency physicians. Many of these missing injuries cause further complications. Automated analysis of the images has the potential to reduce the chance of missing injuries. Towards this goal, this paper proposes an automatic localization of the spinal column in cervical spine X-ray images. The framework employs a random classification forest algorithm with a kernel density estimation-based voting accumulation method to localize the spinal column and to detect the orientation. The algorithm has been evaluated with 90 emergency room X-ray images and has achieved an average detection accuracy of 91% and an orientation error of 3.6◦. The framework can be used to narrow the search area for other advanced injury detection systems.
Polish Hyperbaric Research Polish Hyperbaric Medicine and Technology Society 163

Unmanned Surface Vehicle it is necessary to implement an intensive testing procedure. In order for the system to guarantee safety at sea it has to be verified in many different situations. The traditional method for building such test tasks uses a test designer to create tests based on his or her experience; ideally the complete test set would represent all possible situations that the vehicle may face at sea. However, the problem is that a human cannot predict all possible situations, a flaw which may result in an inappropriate preparation of the anti-collision system and, in consequence, a collision. The following paper proposes another method for constructing testing tasks, a method that utilises a genetic algorithm. The algorithm’s aim is to search for situations which may be difficult for the system or situations which are completely different from the ones tested so far.
Constraining M ν with the Bispectrum I: Breaking Parameter Degeneracies

Massive neutrinos suppress the growth of structure below their free-streaming scale and leave an imprint on large-scale structure. Measuring this imprint allows us to constrain the sum of neutrino masses, M ν , a key parameter in particle physics beyond the Standard Model. However, degeneracies among cosmological parameters, especially between M ν and σ 8 , limit the constraining power of standard two-point clustering statistics. In this work, we investigate whether we can break these degeneracies and constrain M ν with the next higher-order correlation function — the bispectrum. We ﬁrst examine the redshift-space halo bispectrum of 800 N -body simulations from the HADES suite and demonstrate that the bispectrum helps break the M ν – σ 8 degeneracy. Then using 22,000 N -body simulations of the Quijote suite, we quantify for the ﬁrst time the full information content of the redshift-space halo bispectrum down to nonlinear scales using a Fisher matrix forecast of { Ω m , Ω b , h , n s , σ 8 , M ν } . For k max =0 . 5 h/ Mpc, the bispectrum provides Ω m , Ω b , h , n s , and σ 8 constraints 1.9, 2.6, 3.1, 3.6, and 2.6 times tighter than the power the bispectrum improves constraints on Ω m , Ω b , h , n s , σ 8 , and M ν by factors of ∼ 1 . 3, and 2.8 the power spectrum. Even with Planck priors, B 0 signiﬁcantly improves σ θ for k max (cid:38) 0 . 2 h/ Mpc. While the constraining power of P (cid:96) saturates k the constraining power of to increase
Expression patterns of molecular chaperone genes in Antarctic psychrophilic yeast, Glaciozyma antarctica PI12 in response to heat stress

: Microbes living in the polar regions have some common and unique strategies to respond to thermal stress. Nevertheless, the amount of information available, especially at the molecular level is lacking for some organisms such as Antarctic psychrophilic yeast. For instance, it is not known whether molecular chaperones in Antarctic yeasts play similar roles to those from mesophilic yeasts when they are exposed to heat stress. Therefore, this project aimed to determine the gene expression patterns and roles of molecular chaperones in Antarctic psychrophilic Glaciozyma antarctica PI12 that was exposed to heat stress. G. antarctica PI12 was grown at its optimal growth temperature of 12ºC and later exposed to heat stresses at 16ºC and 20ºC for 6 hours. Transcriptomes of those cells were extracted, sequenced and analyzed. Thirty-three molecular chaperone genes demonstrated differential expression of which 23 were up-regulated while 10 were down-regulated. Functions of up-regulated molecular chaperone genes were related to protein binding, response to a stimulus, chaperone binding, cellular response to stress, oxidation, and reduction, ATP binding, DNA-damage response and regulation for cellular protein metabolic process. On the other hand, functions of down-regulated molecular chaperone genes were related to chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly, transcription, cellular macromolecule metabolic process, regulation of cell growth and ribo-some biogenesis. The findings provided information on how molecular chaperones work together in a complex network to protect the cells under heat stress. It also highlights the evolutionary conserved protective role of molecular chaperones in psychrophilic yeast, G. antarctica , and cerevisiae .
Design of Two-Degree-Of-Freedom (2DOF) Steering Control for Automated Guided Vehicle

— Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) exhibit serious instability in its steering mechanisms, in most cases this results in “snaking” or wavering movement of the vehicle as the speed rises above 5m/s. In order to solve this problem, the steering controller needs to be able to address the two main objective of control, the first one is the set-point tracking and the other one is load disturbance rejection. However, these two aspects conflict with each other practically and cannot be accomplished by the conventional one degree of freedom (1DOF) PID controller. This problem was solved through the use of a two degree of freedom (2DOF) PID controller. The 3-wheels AGV used in this project is modeled using the two-wheel bicycle model to develop the transfer function. The project design work is carried out on Windows 7 platform with MATLAB R2009a software application. This platform was chosen as the version of the application contains the necessary toolboxes to quickly and stably run the necessary simulations. The control strategies was developed and simulated in the SIMULINK environment using the Control Toolbox, and the controller action was viewed, fine-tuned and verified using the PID tuner utility because it provides the capability to carry out auto-tuning of the controller as desired without the rigors involved in manual controller tuning. The simulated result showed great improvement in the final AGV steering controller action in the Rise Time and Settling Time less than 1 second, and overshoot less than 2% of the final value. The control strategies promoted in this work are reference tracking and disturbance rejection. This research will help to stimulate advancement into further development of suitable steering controllers of Automated Guided Vehicles and promote usage in our local industry. Disturbance Rejection: Two-Wheel Bicycle Model.
Secret Key Generation for Body-Wearable Wireless Sensor Devices

The last decade has witnessed a rapid surge in application of body sensor networks, especially in the domains of military, healthcare and fitness. In such networks, wearable wireless sensor devices are used to measure and communicate a subject’s vital signs (such as heart rate, body temperature, blood glucose level, etc.) Security, in this context, is a critical issue as these devices deal with personal health data, requiring strict privacy and confidentiality. However, traditional secret-key generation mechanisms (such as Diffie-Hellman) are typically computation and power intensive and not suitable for resource-constrained sensor devices. This thesis aims at realizing a practical and low-cost secret key generation mechanism for wearable sensor devices. First, we investigate a secret key generation mechanism that extracts shared secret keys using properties of the near-body wireless channel between two communicating parties. For a fully body-worn scenario, our experimental results, using off-the-shelf IEEE 802.15. 4 devices, indicate that this approach is feasible for dynamic scenarios where communicating devices are placed in non-line-ofsight positions on the body. We also suggest an enhancement for existing key
Task Classifying Model based on Data Traits for High Efficiency in Cloud Infrastructure Modeling and Simulation Environment

—We proposed task Classifying Model based on Data Traits (CMDT) and conducted experiments using this model. CMDT classifies tasks from user taking account of its own data traits. The classified tasks are allocated to each of the nodes which can process them as fast as possible. In conclusion, CMDT improves a service throughput which is the index of efficiency on cloud.
DNA Sequence Analysis of a Mouse Proaol(l) Procollagen Gene: Evidence for a Mouse Bi Element Within the Gene

In a 3.8-kilobase mouse DNA sequence encoding amino acid sequences for the proal(I) chain of type I procollagen, 14 coding sequences were identified which specify a sequence 95% homologous to amino acid residues 568 to %3 of the bovine al(I) chain. All of these coding sequences were flanked by appropriate splicejunctions following the GT/AG rule. These observations suggest, but do not prove, that this proal(I) gene is transcriptionally active. Of the 14 coding sequences, 7 were 54 base pairs in length, whereas the remainder were higher multiples of 54 base pairs. Nonrandom utilization of codons pertained throughout all of the coding sequences showing a preference (56%) for U in the wobble position. Two of the intervening sequences encoded imperfect vestiges of coding sequences which exhibited a codon preference different from that of the proal(I) gene proper and were not flanked by splice junctions. One intervening sequence encoded a member of the mouse Bi family of middle repetitive sequences. It was flanked by 8-base-pair direct repeats and had a truncated A-rich region, suggesting that it may be a mobile element. Within this element were sequences which could function as a RNA polymerase III split promoter. fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and trans- ferred to nitrocellulose by the Southern procedure (47) after partial depurination (51). The KpnI-BamHI sub- fragment of MPC1A was "P labeled with radioactive dCTP in a T4 DNA polymerase reaction (39). Hybrid- izations were performed in 50% formamide-5xSSC-50 mM Tris-hydrochloride (pH 7.4)-i mM EDTA- 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate-lOx Denhardt solution (13) for 18 h at 37°C. Filters were washed three times for 20 min each at 50°C in 0.1 x SSC-0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. For the localization of the genomic repetitive sequence within the MPC1A clone, mouse (BALB/c) genomic DNA was 32P labeled by a modi- fied nick-translation reaction (44), and the hybridization to a Southern blot of MPC1A restriction frag- ments was performed as described above except that 10%o dextran sulfate (51) was included in the reaction.
What do the competitiveness indicators tell us about economic performance?

: This paper presents an extensive statistical investigation of the relationship between economic performance and the Global Competitiveness Index as a possible predictor of economic development. The analysis is based on a large sample of countries at various levels of economic development. Various measures of both competitiveness indicators based on the data published by the World Economic Forum and economic performance indicators are employed. The results obtained from the panel analysis show that, on average, the relationship between economic performance and competitiveness indicators is weak. However, when we differentiate among the economies according to their economic level we can identify some statistically significant relationships between economic performance and certain measures of competitiveness. The results show that in many cases the probability of inferring systematically wrong expectations about the economic performance given the information contained in the competitiveness indices is high. O11, What do the competitiveness indicators tell us strategy, structure and rivalry; factor conditions; demand conditions; and related and supporting industries.
Intuitionistic fuzzy component failure impact analysis (IFCFIA) – A gradual method for SLA dependency mapping and bi-polar impact assessment

: This concept provides a bridge from IT-centric service levels, written in IT technical terms, to business-oriented service achievement. The proposed IFCFIA methodology will help for Service Level Agreements (SLAs) to relate metrics for business applications into measurable parameters for technical services that can be defined and reported against a SLA and monitored under Service Level Management. It allows assessing the complex dependency and impact relationships of low-level backend components to the quality of the frontend service. This work defines dependency couplings in a practical and feasible manner in order to satisfy aspects of the distributed nature of SLAs in a multi-tier-architectural environment and offers transparency into complex impact assessments. IFCFIA starts from the idea of naturally approaching impact relationships by separately envisaging positive and negative aspects with the notion of bipolarity. Performing an intelligent multi-level impact-or fault-tree analysis by means of intuitionistic fuzzy mathematical models it unveils business insights into how service accounts as a whole can improve quality and allows pro-actively tracking measures of backend components to gather the overall SLA quality status of the business service.
OTT_A_250412 6303..6314

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China Background: GRHL2 has been shown to function in ovarian carcinogenesis. However, the relationship between GRHL2 and cisplatin (DDP) resistance in serous ovarian cancer (SOC) is not clear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the function and mechanism of GRHL2 in DDP resistance of SOC. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was utilized to identify GRHL2 protein expression in DDP resistant and sensitive SOC tissues. GRHL2 mRNA and protein levels were identified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting in SKOV3/DDP and SKOV3 cell lines. We conducted lossand gain-of-function experiments to uncover the consequence of GRHL2 knockdown or overexpression on the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to DDP in vitro and in vivo and the underlying mechanism. Results: It was observed that expression of GRHL2 was higher in DDP resistant SOC tissues relative to DDP sensitive SOC tissues. In addition, the increased expression of GRHL2 led to shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Meanwhile, the GRHL2 transcript and protein levels in SKOV3/DDP were also higher than SKOV3. Small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-facilitated GRHL2 gene knockdown considerably heightened the sensitivity of SKOV3/DDP cells to DDP by inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis, while upregulation of GRHL2 significantly reduced the sensitivity of SKOV3 cells to DDP by promoting proliferation and decreasing apoptosis. In addition, GRHL2 promotes DDP resistance of SOC through activation of ERK/MAPK signaling pathways. Conclusion: Our results suggest that GRHL2 up-regulation predicts a poor prognosis and promotes the resistance of SOC to DDP. Therefore, GRHL2 may be a possible treatment target for cisplatin-resistant serous ovarian cancer.
Suicidal Behaviour among Female and Male Commercial Sex Workers; Interpersonal Therapy as A Mode of Intervention

Suicidal behaviour and Depression among the 100 Female and 100 Male Commercial Sex Workers (CSW’S) and their mode of suicide was studied. Interpersonal therapy was initiated to lower their Depression and Suicidal behaviour. Despite the difference in the suicidal attempts among these population A 8 weeks’ therapy and 6 month follow up lowered their Depression and no further suicide attempts. This study explored these factors among this population in Bengaluru, India
OP-BRAI210143 2513..2526

Cognitive decline is a common feature of Parkinson’s disease, and many of these cognitive deficits fail to respond to dopaminergic therapy. Therefore, targeting other neuromodulatory systems represents an important therapeutic strategy. Among these, the locus coeruleus-noradrenaline system has been extensively implicated in response inhibition deficits. Restoring noradrenaline levels using the noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine can improve response inhibition in some patients with Parkinson’s disease, but there is considerable heterogeneity in treatment response. Accurately predicting the patients who would benefit from therapies targeting this neurotransmitter system remains a critical goal, in order to design the necessary clinical trials with stratified patient selection to establish the therapeutic potential of atomoxetine. Here, we test the hypothesis that integrity of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus explains the variation in improvement of response inhibition following atomoxetine. In a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized crossover design, 19 patients with Parkinson’s disease completed an acute psychopharmacological challenge with 40 mg of oral atomoxetine or placebo. A stop-signal task was used to measure response inhibition, with stop-signal reaction times obtained through hierarchical Bayesian estimation of an ex-Gaussian race model. Twenty-six control subjects completed the same task without undergoing the drug manipulation. In a separate session, patients and controls underwent ultra-high field 7 T imaging of the locus coeruleus using a neuromelanin-sensitive magnetization transfer sequence. The principal result was that atomoxetine improved stop-signal reaction times in those patients with lower locus coeruleus integrity. This was in the context of a general impairment in response inhibition, as patients on placebo had longer stop-signal reaction times compared to controls. We also found that the caudal portion of the locus coeruleus showed the largest neuromelanin signal decrease in the patients compared to controls. Our results highlight a link between the integrity of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus and response inhibition in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, they demonstrate the importance of baseline noradrenergic state in determining the response to atomoxetine. We suggest that locus coeruleus neuromelanin imaging offers a marker of noradrenergic capacity that could be used to stratify patients in trials of noradrenergic therapy and to ultimately inform personalized treatment approaches.
A framework for analysing societal impacts of connected and automated transport systems

4 Estimating impacts of connected and automated transport systems . 7 4.1 Safety . 7 4.2 Road capacity . 15 4.3 Effects on Infrastructure Wear . 16 4.4 Travel time . 18 4.5 Geographic accessibility . 19 4.6 Vehicle kilometres of travel . 19 4.7 Optimisation of route choice . 20 4.8 Vehicle ownership cost . 21 4.9 Vehicle operating cost . 21 4.10 Use and valuation of travel time . 21 4.11 Travel comfort . 21 4.12 Vehicle ownership rates . 22 4.13 Use of shared mobility services . 22 4.14 Shifts in market shares of transport modes . 23 4.15 Changes in commuting distances . 23 4.16 Energy efficiency of transport . 23 4.17 Vehicle emissions . 24 4.18 Individual accessibility to transport . 24 4.19 The balance of benefits and risks . 24
Hydrophobic Residues in Pocket 1 Complexes Correlates with Burial of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Stability of HLA-DR1

Certain class II MHC-peptide complexes are resistant to SDS-induced dissociation. This property, which has been used as an in vivo as well as an in vitro peptide binding assay, is not understood at the molecular level. Here we have investigated the mechanistic basis of SDS stability of HLA-DR1 complexes by using a biosensor-based assay and SDS-PAGE with a combination of wild-type and mutant HLA-DR1 and variants of hemagglutinin peptide HA 306–318 . Experiments with wild-type DR1 along with previously published results establish that the SDS-stable complexes are formed only when the hydrophobic pocket 1 (P1) is occupied by a bulky aromatic (Trp, Phe, Tyr) or an aliphatic residue (Met, Ile, Val, Leu). To further explore whether the SDS sensitivity is primarily due to the exposed hydrophobic regions, we mutated residue b Gly 86 at the bottom of P1 to tyrosine, presumably reducing the depth of the pocket and the exposure of hydrophobic residues and increasing the contacts between subunits. In direct contrast to wild-type DR1, the peptide-free mutant DR1 exists as an a / b heterodimer in SDS. Moreover, the presence of a smaller hydrophobic residue, such as alanine, as P1 anchor with no contribution from any other anchor is sufﬁcient to enhance the SDS stability of the mutant complexes, demonstrating that the basis of SDS resistance may be localized to P1 interactions. The good correlation between SDS sensitivity and the exposure of hydrophobic residues provides a biochemical rationale for the use of this assay to investigate the maturation of class II molecules and the longevity of the complexes. The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 162: 3463–3470.
Black Holes in Higher Dimensions: Kaluza–Klein thoery

List of contributors Preface Part I. Introduction: 1. Black holes in four dimensions Gary Horowitz Part II. Five Dimensional Kaluza-Klein Theory: 2. The Gregory-Laflamme instability Ruth Gregory 3. Final state of Gregory-Laflamme instability Luis Lehner and Frans Pretorius 4. General black holes in Kaluza-Klein theory Gary Horowitz and Toby Wiseman Part III. Higher Dimensional Solutions: 5. Myers-Perry black holes Rob Myers 6. Black rings Roberto Emparan and Harvey Reall Part IV. General Properties: 7. Constraints on the topology of higher dimensional black holes Greg Galloway 8. Blackfolds Roberto Emparan 9. Algebraically special solutions in higher dimensions Harvey Reall 10. Numerical construction of static and stationary black holes Toby Wiseman Part V. Advanced Topics: 11. Black holes and branes in supergravity Don Marolf 12. The gauge/gravity duality Juan Maldacena 13. The fluid/gravity correspondence Veronika Hubeny, Mukund Rangamani and Shiraz Minwalla 14. Horizons, holography and condensed matter Sean Hartnoll Index.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Reaction Time and Incident Cancer

Objectives: To investigate the association of reaction time with cancer incidence. Methods: 6900 individuals aged 18 to 94 years who participated in the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey in 1984/1985 and were followed for a cancer registration for 25 years. Results: Disease surveillance gave rise to 1015 cancer events from all sites. In general, there was essentially no clear pattern of association for either simple or choice reaction time with cancer of all sites combined, nor specific malignancies. However, selected associations were found for lung cancer, colorectal cancer and skin cancer. Conclusions: In the present study, reaction time and its components were not generally related to cancer risk. Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and Medical Research Council (MRC) is gratefully acknowledged. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.