Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transit Timing Variations for AU Microscopii b and c

We explore the transit timing variations (TTVs) of the young (22 Myr) nearby AU Mic planetary system. For AU Mic b, we introduce three Spitzer (4.5 μm) transits, five TESS transits, 11 LCO transits, one PEST transit, one Brierfield transit, and two transit timing measurements from Rossiter–McLaughlin observations; for AU Mic c, we introduce three TESS transits. We present two independent TTV analyses. First, we use EXOFASTv2 to jointly model the Spitzer and ground-based transits and obtain the midpoint transit times. We then construct an O − C diagram and model the TTVs with Exo-Striker. Second, we reproduce our results with an independent photodynamical analysis. We recover a TTV mass for AU Mic c of 10.8−2.2+2.3 M ⊕. We compare the TTV-derived constraints to a recent radial velocity (RV) mass determination. We also observe excess TTVs that do not appear to be consistent with the dynamical interactions of b and c alone or due to spots or flares. Thus, we present a hypothetical nontransiting “middle-d” candidate exoplanet that is consistent with the observed TTVs and candidate RV signal and would establish the AU Mic system as a compact resonant multiplanet chain in a 4:6:9 period commensurability. These results demonstrate that the AU Mic planetary system is dynamically interacting, producing detectable TTVs, and the implied orbital dynamics may inform the formation mechanisms for this young system. We recommend future RV and TTV observations of AU Mic b and c to further constrain the masses and confirm the existence of possible additional planet(s).
Simple model to estimate field-measured soil water limits

Engineering and modeling applications often require reasonable estimates of the upper and lower limits of plant extractable water. Laboratory measurements of these limits do not always coincide with field observations. Statistical models to estimate soil water retention can be complicated, and usually are not based on field measurements. The objective of this work was to develop simple, generic equations to estimate the field-measured limits of the soil water reservoir based on soil survey data such as texture and bulk density. We used linear regression to estimate the gravimetric upper limit from sand and clay content; the volumetric upper limit can be estimated from the gravimetric upper limit and bulk density. We used non-linear regression to estimate the volumetric plant extractable water from sand content. The lower limit can be estimated as the difference between the upper limit and the plant extractable water. We adjusted the predictions for coarse fragments and organic C and we placed reasonable upper and lower boundaries to our estimates. The equation for the drained upper limit has a RMSE of 0.030 kg kg–1 and uses two coefficients. The equation for the plant extractable water has a RMSE of 0.030 m3 m–3 and uses three coefficients. We tested the simple model with an independent data set. The RMSE of our model was similar or better than that of a more complex statistical model.
Dispersion analysis of the linear vane-type waveguide using the generalized scattering matrix

The dispersion characteristics for the linear vane-type waveguide are determined using the generalized scattering matrix (GSM) formed with the mode matching algorithm. This dispersion analysis technique includes determining the eigenvalues (cutoff frequencies) for the various waveguide modes that can propagate on the circuit, as well as forming a determinantal equation for a single period of the circuit from which the system normal mode dispersion characteristics are determined. The resulting GSM is easily manipulated for determining eigenvalues for single or multiple periods of a periodic circuit using either a perfect electrical conductor (PEG) or a re-entrant boundary condition. This boundary condition formulation using the GSM provides a generalized eigenvalue technique for 2-D and 3-D structures. Similarly, the GSM is easily manipulated to yield a new analytic expression for a determinantal equation to predict the dispersion of the system normal modes for the periodic circuit. The accuracy of the GSM eigenvalue and dispersion solution techniques are limited by the frequency resolution of the simulation and the relative convergence (RC) criterion. >
Challenges of Establishing the Health-Promoting Hospitals (HPH) Approach in Kerman

Background: Health-promoting hospitals (HPH) do not only play the traditional role of diagnosis and treatment but also focus on preventive and health-promoting activities. The present study aimed to explore the challenges of establishing the health-promoting hospitals approach. Methods: The present study was conducted using a qualitative design in 2018. The data in this study were collected using 16 semi-structured interviews conducted with health managers and experts in Kerman, Iran. The interviewees were selected through purposive snowball sampling. The interviews were first transcribed and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's 6-step thematic analysis framework. MAXQDA 10 software was used for data analysis. Results: The challenges of establishing health-promoting hospital standards were divided into 4 themes including legal and structural challenges, financial resources, human resources, and cultural challenges. The most recurring subthemes were the lack of general plans and policies and the lack of financial resources. Conclusion: Challenges of establishing the HPH approach can be summarized in various areas related to the organization and policies, staff, and society. Therefore, is necessary to change the traditional approach to treatment-oriented policies at all levels. Besides, it is essential to focus on the empowerment and participation of all people involved in health-promoting policies and activities such as managers and officials, employees, and members of the community.
A Study of Stability Equivalents

The reinforcement of power-system interconnections intensifies the need for stability studies. The growing complexity of the networks tremendously increases the difficulties of performing these investigations. Present computers are not capable of representing a major system pool in detail and producing a study in reasonable time and at reasonable cost. One possible solution is to reduce the size of the system by the use of equivalents to represent portions of the network beyond the area of immediate interest. Stability equivalents are not perfect, but their use offers the possibility of reducing the problem to manageable proportions.
Using a sssNet Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to identify formalin presence in images of eyes of Chanos chanos (milkfish)

AbstractUsing image processing, eye turbidity of formalin-treated Chanos chanos (milkfish) was statistically proven to be significantly different from those untreated. However, automation of such processes was yet to be explored. This study aims to use a sssNet Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to identify formalin presence in milkfish. Ninety percent of 420 formalin-treated milkfish images and 420 untreated images, each with an indicated day of image capture, were subjected to feature extraction and classification using sssNet-SVM. The remaining 10% of the dataset was used to validate the algorithm’s performance. The algorithm garnered 98.16 to 99.15% validation accuracy for identifying formalin presence. However, seven-day feature map analysis reveals that the algorithm struggles to determine formalin presence in treated samples using their images that were captured one or two days after the samples’ dousing in formalin.
INVALIDATING VULNERABLE BROADCASTER NODES USING MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD EXPECTATION

Discovering the cheating or vulnerable anchor node (or broadcaster node) is an essential problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In wireless sensor networks, anchor nodes are the nodes that know its current location. Neighboring nodes or non-anchor nodes calculate its location (or its location reference) with the help of anchor nodes. Ingenuous localization is not possible in the presence of a cheating anchor node or a cheating node. Nowadays, it’s a challenging task to identify the cheating anchor node or cheating node in a network. Even after finding out the location of the cheating anchor node, there is no assurance, that the identified node is legitimate or not. This paper aims to localize the cheating anchor nodes using trilateration algorithm and later associate it with maximum likelihood expectation technique (MLE) to obtain maximum accuracy in localization. We were able to attain a considerable reduction in the error achieved during localization. For implementation purpose we simulated our scheme using ns-3 network simulator.
Synthesis of band-limited orthogonal signals for multichannel data transmission

This paper presents a principle of orthogonal multiplexing for transmitting a number of data messages simultaneously through a linear band-limited transmission medium at a maximum data rate without interchannel and intersymbol interferences. A general method is given for synthesizing an infinite number of classes of band-limited orthogonal time functions in a limited frequency band. Stated in practical terms, the method permits the synthesis of a large class of practical transmitting filter characteristics for an arbitrarily given amplitude characteristic of the transmission medium. Rectangular-shaped ideal filters are not required. The synthesis procedure is convenient. Furthermore, the amplitude and the phase characteristics of the transmitting filters can be synthesized independently. Adaptive correlation reception can be used for data processing, since the received signals remain orthogonal no matter what the phase distortion is in the transmission medium. The system provides the same signal distance protection against channel noises as if the signals of each channel were transmitted through an independent medium and intersymbol interference in each channel were eliminated by reducing data rate.
Innovation in Crisis: an examination of the interoperation of Triple Helix actors in response to Covid-19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in huge disruption to the healthcare sector. In response to this crisis, there have been collaborative effort among universities and industry for production and service innovation. On a regional level, Triple helix, referred as the interaction among university, industry, and government demonstrate a non-linear way of innovation (Etzkowitz, 2003) through dynamic interaction.
The Business Case for incorporating Sustainability in Office Buildings: the Adaptive Reuse of Existing Buildings

The effect of climate change and global warming has received increased attention in society with constant reminders about the importance of energy efficiency and sustainability in buildings. Whilst the focus is often placed on smaller items such as plastic bags, air conditioners and motor vehicles, the emphasis has recently shifted to structures in the built environment. Office buildings have been identified as contributing significantly to global warming during their building lifecycle with a substantial contribution to CO 2 omissions. In response, building designs and construction techniques have evolved over time to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO 2 omissions. Within the property and construction sectors there is now more widespread acceptance by the profession of the impact of our use of resources within buildings and the links to climate change and global warming (Dixon et al, 2007). Whilst the focus has been placed on smaller items such as plastic bags, air conditioners and motor vehicles, the emphasis has shifted to the built environment. Buildings contribute significantly to global warming during their building lifecycle, typically of 80 years, with a substantial contribution to CO 2 emissions. In response, building designs and construction techniques have evolved over time to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO 2 emissions however there is a significant issue with the existing stock of buildings. Most developed countries have a substantial stock of existing buildings in various states of repair and utility. Generally there is a correlation between building age and building condition, with the older stock typically in the poorest physical condition. This is especially apparent in low grade commercial and industrial stock where owners are reluctant to invest in repairs and maintenance because costs cannot be recouped easily. Given the lifecycle of buildings it can be said that we already have most of the buildings that will be with us in the next 50 or so years. Much of our existing older stock is in poor condition and operates very inefficiently – for example energy consumption is high (Wilkinson and Reed, 2005). However there are convincing social, environmental and economic reasons why we should consider the retention of buildings. This paper examines the arguments for adaptive reuse of existing buildings and poses some initial questions in relation to relevant areas of further study.
Effect of delayed commands on error probability and throughput capacity in a multiple access system

The channel correlation coefficient is a function of maximum Doppler frequency shift and delay. The effect of the correlation coefficient on a multiple access system, that schedules for transmission to the user with the strongest channel, is characterized in terms of the probability density function (pdf). It is shown that the system performance-in terms of error probability and throughput capacity-degrades significantly with the decrease of correlation coefficient. Thus, in order to achieve the desired target performance in terms of error probability, additional transmission power is required to compensate for a low correlation coefficient. Error probability curves for fading channels can he derived quasi-analytically based on the corresponding curves obtained in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Also, for a constant transmission power, an analytical expression of throughput-capacity, a function of the correlation coefficient, is provided.
SATB Voice Segregation For Monoaural Recordings

Choral singing is a widely practiced form of ensemble singing wherein a group of people sing simultaneously in polyphonic harmony. The most commonly practiced setting for choir ensembles consists of four parts; Soprano, Alto, Tenor and Bass (SATB), each with its own range of fundamental frequencies (F0s). The task of source separation for this choral setting entails separating the SATB mixture into its constituent parts. Source separation for musical mixtures is well studied and many Deep Learning-based methodologies have been proposed for the same. However, most of the research has been focused on a typical case which consists in separating vocal, percussion and bass sources from a mixture, each of which has a distinct spectral structure. In contrast, the simultaneous and harmonic nature of ensemble singing leads to high structural similarity and overlap between the spectral components of the sources in a choral mixture, making source separation for choirs a harder task than the typical case. This, along with the lack of an appropriate consolidated dataset has led to a dearth of research in the field so far. In this work we first assess how well some of the recently developed methodologies for musical source separation perform for the case of SATB choirs. We then propose a novel domain-specific adaptation for conditioning the recently proposed U-Net architecture for musical source separation using the fundamental frequency contour of each of the singing groups and demonstrate that our proposed approach surpasses results from domain-agnostic architectures. Lastly we assess our approach using different evaluation methodologies, going from objective to subjective-based ones, and provide a comparative analysis of the various results.
On Embedded Energy Storage for High Penetration of Wind Power

It is recognised that to enable high penetration of wind power it is essential for modern wind farms to meet some technical requirements. These requirements are specified, or planned to be included, in grid codes by some utilities around the world. In this paper it is shown that having an Embedded Energy Storage (EES) unit, a battery bank, in a wind turbine can help to meet these requirements and to reduce the overall wind farm development and system integration costs. After a review of wind power integration and power system load frequency control, two cases are presented. These are based on (a) the statistics of the wind speeds measured at Dunstaffnage, Scotland, (b) the manufacturers' data for two turbine generators, and (c) some mild assumptions used for the calculations. In the first case, for the same amount of wind energy annual output and a specified frequency control requirement: the delta production constraint, a wind farm of 50 wind turbines can be replaced by 10 wind turbines with an EES in each of them plus 33 ordinary wind turbines. In the second case, again for the same amount of wind energy annual output, wind turbines with EESs can meet the absolute power constraint and at the same time the ratings of transformers, transmission lines and other equipments associated with a wind farm development can be reduced, leading to a significant reduction in costs. Wind farms with such wind turbines can also provide some vital support in an emergency, for example, the event in Denmark on the 8th January 2005, when the total wind power output dropped suddenly from the scheduled 1843MW to 126MW, due to the shut down of most wind turbines under strong winds.
Accurate analysis of silicon, VLSI-technology compatible spiral inductors

In this paper, the application of a full-wave electromagnetic simulator to the analysis of solid-state (CMOS-compatible) inductors is described. By means of the simulation, performance of actual inductors has been correctly predicted and characterization of equivalent circuit components has been carried out. Impact of some design options on the inductor performance has been discussed. Detrimental effects related to the specific technology adopted have also been evaluated and physically interpreted.
Extenics Decision Model for Evaluating Mechanical Joint Interface of Reconfigurable Machine Tools

In Reconfigurable machine tools (RMTs), the reconfiguration only occurs at the mechanical interface system composed of mechanical modules, joining mechanisms, or adapter mechanisms, and their reconfigurability degree depends strongly on the properties of its module interfaces. This paper investigates the performance criteria influencing the reconfigurability of module joint interfaces. An Extenics Element Model (EEM) method is proposed to model the component module of RMTs, module interfaces and the relationship between mechanical modules. Furthermore, the evaluation values are determined based on the Simple Dependent Function (SDF) to evaluate the reconfigurability of different joint interfaces. Finally, two types of joint interfaces between worktable and slide are presented to verify the proposed model and evaluation approaches.
Impact of organic amendments on aerial biomass production, and phytoavailability and fractionation of copper in a slightly alkaline copper mine tailing

In the process of phytoremediation of mine tailing land, the bioavailability of heavy metals is an important factor. Greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the availability and uptake of copper (Cu) by maize (Zea mays L.) grown on a slightly alkaline Cu-mine tailing amended with commercial compost and chelators. A second objective was to evaluate the distribution of Cu in cultivated Cu-mine tailings. The experimental design consisted of 12 treatments resulting from the combination of four rates (0, 5, 10 and 20%, by humid weight) of peat moss-shrimp wastes compost and three rates (0, 1.2 and 2.4 dm3) of organic complexing agents applied as a 0.0025 M EDTA + 0.001 M citric acid solution before plant harvest. The results showed that compost and chelators had a positive effect on top biomass production of maize. Compared with the control, the application of compost decreased CuCAR and increased CuORG whereas the addition of chelating solution increased CuSOL and CuEXC and decreased CuCAR and CuORG. The Cu lability in cultivated tailing and its availability to the maize plant are highly dependent on the metal speciation in tailing. In another series of experiments, sorption of Cu by cultivated mine tailings were examined. The amounts of Cu sorbed and K d values were highest in tailing amended with highest compost rate, and were positively correlated with tailing organic matter (OM) content and Cu bound to CuORG. The results indicate that peat moss and shrimp waste containing compost could be used as a phytostabilizer by supplying OM and nutrients and as a sorbent by mitigating Cu uptake by maize. This compost is able to improve the phytoremediation of Cu-mine tailings.
Proteomic Analysis of the Non-genetic Response to Cisplatin in Lung Cancer Cells.

Background Drug resistance is the main cause of therapy failure in advanced lung cancer. Although non-genetic mechanisms play important roles in tumor chemoresistance, drug-induced epigenetic reprogramming is still poorly understood. Materials and Methods The A549 cell line was used to generate cells with non-genetic resistance to cisplatin (CDDP), namely A549/CDDP cells. Bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) and mass spectrometry were used to identify proteins modulated by CDDP in A549 and A549/CDDP cells. Results Proteins related to proteostasis, telomere maintenance, cell adhesion, cytoskeletal remodeling, and cell redox homeostasis were found enriched in both cell lines upon CDDP exposure. On the other hand, proteins involved in drug response, metabolic pathways and mRNA processing and splicing were up-regulated by CDDP only in A549/CDDP cells. Conclusion Our study revealed proteome dynamics involved in the non-genetic response to CDDP, pointing out potential targets to monitor and overcome epigenetic resistance in lung cancer.
A Comparative Analysis of the APRI, FIB4, and FibroScan Score in Evaluating the Severity of Chronic Liver Disease in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in India

Background and aims Non-invasive assessment methods to assess liver fibrosis are important tools where FibroScan or liver biopsy is not accessible. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and performance of the fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4) and aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) to evaluate liver fibrosis against FibroScan for the stages of liver fibrosis in patients of chronic liver disease due to chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center in Uttar Pradesh, India, and the patients were enrolled between 2017 and 2020. During the study period, 520 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were selected. Laboratory blood testing and FibroScan were performed in all patients with CHB. APRI and FIB-4 were calculated using a standard formula involving laboratory parameters. Result The performance of FIB-4 scores are nearly similar to APRI, with area under the curve (AUC) 0.753, (95% CI) (0.711-0.795) (p<0.0001) for ≥F2 fibrosis (significant fibrosis) and even better 0.851 (0.815-0.887) (p<0.0001) for the F4 fibrosis (cirrhosis) group. Both the tests are proven good to diagnose fibrosis but FIB-4 has more area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) than APRI in each set, thus FIB-4 is considered better than APRI. Conclusions APRI and FIB-4 scores showed good performance in detecting patients without liver fibrosis as compared with FibroScan. Based on this study, FibroScan can be avoided in patients examined for the diagnosis of mild fibrosis and cirrhosis in the source constrained area.