Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility of Limb Power Outputs and Cardiopulmonary Responses to Exercise Using a Novel Swimming Training Machine

The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of limb power outputs and cardiopulmonary responses, to incremental whole-body exercise using a novel swimming training machine. 8 swimmers with a mean age of 23.7 ± 4.6 (yrs), stature 1.77 ± 0.13 (m) and body mass of 74.7 ± 2.8 (kg) gave informed consent and participated in repeat exercise testing on the machine. All subjects performed 2 incremental exercise tests to exhaustion using front crawl movements. From these tests peak oxygen consumption (VO(₂peak)), peak heart rate (HR(peak)), peak power output (W (peak)) and individual limb power outputs were determined. Results showed there were no significant differences between test 1 and 2 for any variable at exhaustion, and the CV% ranged from 2.8 to 3.4%. The pooled mean values were; VO(₂peak) 3.7 ± 0.65 L.min⁻¹, HR (peak) 178.7 ± 6.6 b.min⁻¹ and W (peak) 349.7 ± 16.5 W. The mean contributions to the total power output from the legs and arms were (37.3 ± 4.1% and 62.7 ± 5.1% respectively). These results show that it is possible to measure individual limb power outputs and cardiopulmonary parameters reproducibly during whole-body exercise using this training machine, at a range of exercise intensities.
Scabrous and Gp150 are endosomal proteins that regulate Notch activity

Notch and Delta are required for lateral inhibition during eye development. They prevent a tenfold excess in R8 photoreceptor cell specification. Mutations in two other genes, Scabrous and Gp150, result in more modestly increased R8 specification. Their roles in Notch signaling have been unclear. Both sca and gp150 are required for ectopic Notch activity that occurs in the split mutant. Similar phenotypes showed that sca and gp150 genes act in a common pathway. Gp150 was required for all activities of Sca, including inhibition of Notch activity and association with Notch-expressing cells that occur when Sca is ectopically expressed. Mosaic analysis found that the gp150 and sca genes were required in different cells from one another. Gp150 concentrated Sca protein in late endosomes. A model is proposed in which endosomal Sca and Gp150 promote Notch activation in response to Delta, by regulating acquisition of insensitivity to Delta in a subset of cells.
Left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction calculated from quantitative electrocardiographic-gated 99mTc-tetrofosmin myocardial SPECT.

UNLABELLED We compared the left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) as calculated by Cedars automated quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) to those determined by first-pass radionuclide angiography (FPRNA) and contrast left ventriculography (LVG) in a group of 21 patients (mean age 61.4 +/- 9.2 y). METHODS A total of 740 MBq 99mTc-tetrofosmin was administered rapidly into the right cubital vein at rest, and FPRNA was performed using a multicrystal gamma camera. One hour after injection, QGS was performed with a temporal resolution of 10 frames per R-R interval. LVG was performed within 2 wk. RESULTS The EDV, ESV and LVEF calculated by QGS were highly reproducible (intraobserver, r = 0.99, r = 0.99 and r = 0.99, respectively; interobserver, r = 0.99, r = 0.99 and r = 0.99, respectively; P < 0.01) and were more consistent than those determined by FPRNA (intraobserver, r = 0.97, r = 0.95 and r = 0.93, respectively; interobserver, r = 0.86, r = 0.96 and r = 0.91, respectively; P < 0.01). There was a good correlation between EDV, ESV and LVEF by FPRNA and those by LVG (r = 0.61, r = 0.72 and r = 0.91, respectively; P < 0.01), and there was an excellent correlation between QGS and LVG (r = 0.73, r = 0.83 and r = 0.87, respectively; P < 0.01). The mean EDV by QGS (100 +/- 11.3 mL) was significantly lower than by FPRNA (132 +/- 16.8 mL) or LVG (130 +/- 8.1 mL), and the mean ESV by QGS (53.8 +/- 9.3 mL) was lower than by FPRNA (73.0 +/- 13.3 mL). Ejection fraction values were highest by LVG (57.1% +/- 3.2%), then QGS (51.8% +/- 3.0%) and FPRNA (48.9% +/- 2.4%). CONCLUSION QGS gave more reproducible results than FPRNA. LV volumes and LVEF calculated by QGS correlated well to those by LVG.
Developing a service robot

A service robot designed to be of practical use in offices and commercial environments has been developed. Moving on wheels, with a pair of four-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) arms and grippers, and a pan-tilt mechanism carrying eight cameras, the robot is designed to operate efficiently in public spaces. The robot houses a CPU board, two DSP boards, a vision board, and local processors, which form an internal LAN and communicate with each other. This paper presents the hardware features of the robot, outlines its typical applications and introduces its 3D vision-based navigation system, which is central to the execution of its tasks.
The population genetics of a biological control introduction: mitochondrial DNA and microsatellie variation in native and introduced populations ofAphidus ervi, a parisitoid wasp

Introductions of biological control agents may cause bottlenecks in population size despite efforts to avoid them. We examined the population genetics of Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid that was introduced to North America from Western Europe in 1959 to control pea aphids. To explore the phylogeographical relationships of A. ervi we sequenced 1249 bp of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from 27 individuals from the native range and 51 individuals from the introduced range. Most individuals from Western Europe, the Middle East and North America shared one of two common haplotypes, consistent with the known history of the introduction. However, some A. ervi from the Pacific Northwest have a haplotype that is most similar to haplotypes found in Japan, raising the possibility of a second accidental introduction. To examine population structure and assess whether a bottleneck occurred upon introduction to North America, we assayed variation at 5 microsatellite loci in 62 individuals from 2 native populations and 230 individuals from 6 introduced populations. Introduced samples had fewer rare alleles than native samples (F1,34 = 13.5, P = 0.0008), but heterozygosity did not differ significantly. These results suggest that a mild bottleneck occurred in spite of the introduction of over 1000 individuals. Using a hierarchical Bayesian approach, the founding population size was estimated to be 245 individuals. amova showed significant genetic differentiation between the European and North American samples, and a Bayesian assignment approach clustered individuals into four groups, with most European individuals in one group and most North American individuals in the other three. These results highlight that genetic changes are associated with founder events in rapidly growing natural populations, even when the founding population size is relatively large.
Reliable grouping GAF algorithm using hexagonal virtual cell structure

Energy consumption and routing fidelity are two of the most concerns in developing protocols and algorithms for wireless sensor networks. GAF is one of the most popular algorithms which can not only conserve energy but also keep the routing fidelity. GAF conserves energy by using geographic location information to identify the equivalence between nodes and then turn off their radio accordingly. However, the grid based equivalence is not consistent with the true radio diffusion nature so that the efficiency is not good enough. In this paper, analyses on the virtual grid structures are discussed and a new grouping GAF algorithm using hexagonal virtual cell is then proposed. Ideally, the proposed algorithm wakes up only 51.96% of nodes that GAF does without losing any network connectivity. Simulation results show that only 50.69% nodes have to be kept awaked comparing to GAF with only additional 1.16% packet delay.
A Hybrid Credit Scoring Model Based on Genetic Programming and Support Vector Machines

Credit scoring has obtained more and more attention as the credit industry can benefit from reducing potential risks. Hence, many different useful techniques, known as the credit scoring models, have been developed by the banks and researchers in order to solve the problems involved during the evaluation process. In this paper, a hybrid credit scoring model (HCSM) is developed to deal with the credit scoring problem by incorporating the advantages of genetic programming and support vector machines. Two credit data sets in UCI database are selected as the experimental data to demonstrate the classification accuracy of the HCSM. Compared with support vector machines, genetic programming, decision tree classifiers, logistic regression, and back-propagation neural network, HCSM can obtain better classification accuracy.
Playful Mobility Choices: Motivating informed mobility decision making by applying game mechanics

Motivating people to change their mobility behaviour patterns towards more sustainable forms of mobility is one of the major challenges regarding climate change and quality of life. Recently, an increasing amount of attempts to use gamification for triggering such behavioural changes can be observed. However, little is known about the actual impact of using game elements. This contribution describes a concept for systematically analysing the group-specific effects of different game mechanics on mobility decision processes (e.g. mode and route choice). Based on theoretical findings concerning player types and mobility styles we developed a framework for identifying effective game mechanics motivating users to explore mobility alternatives and take more informed and more sustainable mode or route choice decisions. The results will form the basis for implementing game mechanics in mobility information services motivating users to explore unfamiliar but more sustainable mobility options.
Human endothelial cell septins: SEPT11 is an interaction partner of SEPT5

The septin SEPT11 is a novel member of the highly conserved septin family. Septins are cytoskeletal GTPases, which form heteropolymeric complexes. They are involved in cytokinesis and other cellular processes, such as vesicle trafficking and exocytosis. SEPT11 has strong homology to SEPT8. Previously, we identified the interaction of SEPT5 and SEPT8. Using the yeast two‐hybrid system, we now demonstrate that SEPT11 partners with SEPT5. The molecular interaction of SEPT11 with SEPT5 was verified by coprecipitation of SEPT5 and SEPT11 from lysates of the human T‐cell leukaemia cell line JURKAT and by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The interaction between SEPT5 and SEPT11 requires the GTP‐binding domain and the C‐terminal extension. Western analysis in various mouse and human tissues revealed that expression of SEPT11 is restricted to the same tissues as those expressing SEPT5, suggesting that SEPT11 and SEPT5 are components of a cell‐specific septin complex. SEPT5, which is expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), has been reported to play an important role in exocytosis. We now report that HUVECs also express SEPT11. Given the interactivity between SEPT5 and SEPT11 as shown above and their coexpression in HUVECs, it may be that a complex formed by these two proteins is involved in the exocytosis mechanism in HUVECs. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mapping genetic determinants for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to soluble CD4

Neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with soluble CD4 (sCD4) can be achieved over a broad range of concentrations for different virus strains. Laboratory virus strains passaged in transformed T-cell lines are typically sensitive to sCD4 neutralization, whereas primary virus isolates require over 100-fold-higher sCD4 concentrations. Using recombinant viruses generated from a laboratory strain, HIV-1NL4-3, and a primary macrophagetropic strain, HIV-1JR-FL, we mapped a region of gp120 important for determining sensitivity to sCD4 neutralization. This same region has previously been defined as important for macrophage and transformed T-cell line tropism and includes the V3 neutralization domain but does not include regions of gp120 that have been shown to be most important for CD4 binding.
A design of stripline-coaxial vertical transition with ultra-broadband

A vertical transition of stripline-coaxial is presented in this paper. The discontinuousness between the stripline and coax is decreased by increasing the diameter of the coaxial inner conductor and changing the width of the stripline at the connecting location. The simulation results indicate the vswr and insertion loss are below 1.1 and 0.1dB from 1 GHz to 18 GHz, respectively. A prototype 4 ways power divider is also developed with the proposed vertical transition, whose measured vswr is below 1.3 with 40% bandwidth. And the measured insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB. The whole performance is equivalent to the horizontal transition, even better in a certain band. The rationality and practicability of this design are confirmed.
Type IIA procollagen in development of the human intervertebral disc: Regulated expression of the NH2‐propeptide by enzymic processing reveals a unique developmental pathway

Type II collagen can be synthesized in two forms generated by alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. Type IIA procollagen, which contains a cysteine‐rich domain in the NH2‐propeptide (exon 2), is produced by precartilage and noncartilage epithelial and mesenchymal cells, and type IIB procollagen, without the cysteine‐rich domain, is characteristic of chondrocytes. Mice lacking type II collagen fail to develop intervertebral discs. We have previously shown that the human intervertebral disc and notochord synthesize primarily the type IIA form of procollagen. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of type IIA procollagen during early disc development in humans. By processes of radioactive in situ hybridization and fluorescence immunohistochemistry, we localized mRNA and protein of type IIA procollagen, type I collagen, and type III collagen in fetal intervertebral disc specimens ranging from day 42 (embryonic stage 17) to day 101 (week 14.5) of gestation. Antibodies to the three distinct domains of type IIA procollagen: the NH2‐propeptide, the fibrillar domain, and the COOH‐propeptide were used. The earliest stage of developing intervertebral disc (42 days, stage 17) was characterized by diffuse synthesis of types I and III collagens in the dense zone (intervertebral area) and synthesis of type IIA procollagen by the chondrocyte progenitor cells surrounding the disc. The notochord cells synthesized and deposited into the notochordal sheath all three fibrillar collagens. By 54 days (stage 22), the developing disc was clearly divided into three regions: 1. ) the outer annulus, characterized by synthesis and deposition of types I and III collagens; 2. ) the inner annulus, characterized by synthesis and deposition of type IIA collagen containing the NH2‐propeptide but devoid of the COOH‐propeptide (pN‐procollagen); and 3. ) the notochord, the cells of which synthesized and deposited of all three fibrillar collagens. In later stages of fetal development (72–101 days), a change in type IIA procollagen processing was observed in the cells of the inner annulus: even though these cells continued to synthesize type IIA procollagen, they deposited into the extracellular matrix (ECM) only the processed fibrillar domain, with the NH2‐propeptide removed. This finding indicates that there is a developmentally regulated change in the processing of type IIA procollagen NH2‐propeptide in the cells of the inner annulus. This mechanism is in contrast to previously shown developmental regulation of the cysteine‐rich domain of the NH2‐propeptide by alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. Although the cells of the inner annulus have been identified as chondrocytes, based on their shape and synthesis of characteristic ECM components, they appear to represent a distinct developmental pathway characterized by their synthesis and differential processing of type IIA procollagen. This developmental pattern may prove important for disc regeneration. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition by rat C‐erbB‐2/neu antisense oligonucleotide of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine in wistar rats

The effect of prolonged administration of a rat C‐erbB‐2/neu (C‐erbB‐2) antisense oligonucleotide on gastric carcinogenesis induced by N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and on the labeling and apoptotic indices of gastric cancer was examined in Wistar rats After oral treatment with MNNG for 25 weeks, the rats received intraperitoneal injections of a C‐erbB‐2 antisense‐liposome complex or a sense‐liposome complex at a dose of 50 μg oligonucleotide/kg body weight every other day until the end of the experiment in week 52. In week 52, the incidence of gastric cancers was significantly lover in rats treated with the C‐erbB‐2 antisense oligonucleotide than in rats treated with the sense oligonucleotide. Administration of the C‐erbB‐2 antisense oligonucleotide also significantly decreased the bromodeoxyuridine‐labeling index and significantly increased the apoptotic index of gastric cancers. The mean cellular fluorescence of gastric antral cells in MNNG‐treated rats was positively correlated with the dose of FITC‐labeled C‐erbB‐2 antisense oligonucleotide. Our findings indicate that the antisense oligonucleotide inhibits gastric carcinogenesis through decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis induction and suggest that antisense strategies may provide new treatment for gastric cancer. Int. J. Cancer, 83:670–673, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Memristor oscillators

The memristor has a ttracted phenomenal worldwide attent ion since its debut on 1 May 2008 issue of Nature in view of its many po te nt ial applications, e.g. super-dense nonv ola tile com­ puter memory and neural synapses. T he Hewlett-Packard memristor is a passive nonlin ear two­ t erminal circuit element t ha t maintain s a fun cti onal rela t ionsh ip between the time integrals of current and voltage, res pectively, viz. charge an d flux. In thi s paper, we derive seve ra l nonl inear oscillators from Chua's oscillators by rep lac ing Chua's diodes with mem ristors.
Exponential degrading of NTP synchronization with number of network hops

Time synchronization using the Network Time Protocol (NTP) has increased with the growth of the Internet. There are hundreds of public NTP servers in the world. Conventional client software selects a peer/server using packet delay jitter statistics for some manually listed servers, even though it is commonly understood that the nearest NTP server should be used. We demonstrate that NTP synchronization degrades with the number of network hops. The hop count indicates the number of routers on the network path, which is where most jitter and packet loss occur. The accuracy of client time synchronization degrades exponentially with hop count. We propose a round-trip hop-counts-capable NTP server response for the accurate selection of the nearest server.
Human mammary luminal epithelial cells contain progenitors to myoepithelial cells.

The origin of the epithelial and myoepithelial cells in the human breast has not been delineated. In this study we have addressed whether luminal epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells are vertically connected, i.e., whether one is the precursor for the other. We used a primary culture assay allowing preservation of basic phenotypic traits of luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells in culture. The two cell types were then separated immunomagnetically using antibodies directed against lineage-specific cell surface antigens into at best 100% purity. The cellular identity was ascertained by cytochemistry, immunoblotting, and 2-D gel electrophoresis. Luminal epithelial cells were identified by strong expression of cytokeratins 18 and 19 while myoepithelial cells were recognized by expression of vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. We used a previously devised culture medium (CDM4) that allows vigorous expansion of proliferative myoepithelial cells and also devised a medium (CDM6) that allowed sufficient expansion of differentiated luminal epithelial cells based on addition of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. The two different culture media supported each lineage for at least five passages without signs of interconversion. We used parallel cultures where we switched culture media, thus testing the ability of each lineage to convert to the other. Whereas the myoepithelial lineage showed no signs of interconversion, a subset of luminal epithelial cells, gradually, but distinctly, converted to myoepithelial cells. We propose that in the mature human breast, it is the luminal epithelial cell compartment that gives rise to myoepithelial cells rather than the other way around.
Detecting Changes in Network Time Series using Bayesian Inference : Applications to Historical Voting and Text Datasets

Abstract Studying network dynamics is receiving an increasing attention in political science and other fields of sciences. Having developed under the focus on static network analysis, however, the research community suffers from the lack of a conceptual framework and a statistical methodology for modeling fundamental aspects of dynamic networks. In this paper, we present a general statistical framework to detect and model structural changes in network time series data using Bayesian inference. We first define what constitutes "structural changes" in network dynamics and discuss different strategies to model them in network time series data. Then, we present a network changepoint model that detects fundamental changes in latent node traits, in particular, their group structure, of dynamic networks using a hidden Markov model. After testing our method using simulated data sets, we apply our method to the analysis of historical voting data and text data. Using the 20th century United States Senate roll call voting data, we uncover the transition of three hidden regimes in the voting coalitions of United States Senate legislators. We also apply our method to new year addresses by North Korean leaders from 1946 to 2015 and find four dramatic changes in the semantic group structure of word associations.
BRIEF OR NEW Computer-Assisted Instruction in Occupational Therapy Education

This article was acceptedfor publication janumy 19, 1996 I n this era of information explosion, decreasing time availability, and faculty shortages, computer-assisted instruction (CAl) could be a useful resource in making occupational therapy education more contemporary and future oriented. Computer-based instruction accelerates learning (Bolwel1, 1993; Hmelo, 1989) and is cost-effective (Bolwel1, 1993) compared with classroom teaching. However, the question becomes one of whether occupational therapy educational programs are taking advantage of the computer as a teaching tool. More than a decade ago, Dengler (1983) suggested that CAl was becoming a more common method of learning throughout all levels of ed ucation and recommended that occupational therapy educators become familiar with CAl and use it in the educational process. She stated that CAl could offer previously unavailable learning opportunities and practice in a variety of problem situations, assisting educators to cope with the increased skills needed to prepare occupational therapy students for entry-level practice. Since that time, there have been few published reports of CAl in occupational therapy educational programs. This article explores the current use of CAl as an educational tool in occupational therapy, discusses its potential and efficacy, and reports the results of a slllvey about the use of CAl in occupational therapy educational programs.