Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ABC optimization aided Joint User and Throughput Maximization in underlay D2D communication

Device to Device (D2D) communication represents a paradigm shift in the quest for realizing the twin objectives of maximization of system throughput and spectral efficiency for 5G networks. D2D communication allows devices in close proximity, to directly communicate, bypassing the base station, by reusing the licensed spectral resources of the cellular users. The resulting interference between D2D and cellular users has to be controlled by intelligent resource management strategies. In this paper, we have used Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization to solve the joint user selection and throughput maximization optimization problem for D2D communication underlaying cellular network. The optimization herein, represents a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem (MINLP) nondeterministic polynomial (NP) hard problem, whose computational complexity increases exponentially with the number of users. ABC optimization, based on the foraging behavior of the bees, is used to provide a solution to the optimization problem. The ABC algorithm jointly optimizes user selection, mode selection and power allocation for D2D users, subject to interference, power and quality of service (QoS) constraints. The ABC aided solution is evaluated under multiple simulation scenarios. The results obtained prove the efficacy of the ABC aided approach as compared to results reported in literature.
Optimized Link Utilization Based Approach for Traffic Engineering in SDWSN

In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), resource optimization is one of the challenging issues. It improves the network performance. This can be achieved with the help of a new networking technology, called Software Defined Networking (SDN). The concept of SDN is to decouple the control plane from the forwarding plane of a network to improve the performance of the networking applications. Traffic Engineering (TE) is a domain of network applications that manages the network traffic, and try to optimize the network resources. SDN offers multiple features to support TE applications. SDN combined with WSN forms a new networking domain called Software Defined WSN (SDWSN). Since WSN has resource-constrained nodes, resource optimization is a need in WSN. This paper proposes an optimized link utilization based approach for TE in SDWSN. The proposed approach discusses about a traffic optimization algorithm, called Optimized Link Allocation based TE (OLA-TE). OLA-TE is implemented at the controller node and helps to improve the overall network utilization. The SDN sensor nodes find the optimized path for traffic routing with the help of controller node. The proposed approach is compared with the traditional WSN approach. IBM CPLEX Optimization Studio and MATLAB are used for validation purposes. The CPLEX results assure a network flow-cost optimization of about 10%. The results of MATLAB show that despite having extra control traffic on network, the network performance gets improved over the period of time.
Toxic Effects of Diazinon on Adult Individuals of Drosophila melanogaster

In this study, the effects of diazinon on morphology and sex ratio in adult individuals of Drosophila melanogaster were investigated. Diazinon solution was applied to Drosophila melanogaster by means of nutrition. In the F1 and F2 generation, quite a lot phenotypic abnormalities were seen. Therefore, the inheritance of the mutations caused by diazinon were investigated. For this purpose, individuals with normal and abnormal phenotypes, which developed in culture medium containing diazinon, were crossed and a second F2 generation was obtained. High level of phenotypic abnormality was found in this generation, too. Based on the data obtained as a result of this two-way test, it can be concluded that diazinon causes hereditary mutations. Although there were some differences in the data about sex ratio that arose due to the effect of diazinon, this situation did not appear to be statistically meaningful. However, female individuals are more sensitive to diazinon.
IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ADIANTUM LUNULATUM

Antioxidants act as a major defense against radical-medicated toxicity by protecting against the damage caused by free radicals. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROSs) have been implicated in more than 100 diseases, including malaria, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, heart disease, stroke, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. The present study deals with in vitro antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Adiantum lunulatum by using DPPH assay, total phenolic content, reducing power assay, H 2 O 2 radical scavenging assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical scavenging activity and. total antioxidant activity. The % scavenging activity at different concentrations was determined and the IC 50 value of the extracts was compared with that of standard, ascorbic acid. The highest free radical scavenging effect of the whole plant extract was observed at concentration of 2500 ig/ml. These results clearly indicate that whole plant of Adiantum lunulatum possesses free radical scavenging activity
Methodological Application of Bootstrapping for Predictive Data Analytics

The existing research on Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) focuses on conceptualization and operationalization of the problematic internet use - causing psychological disorders and social disorientation. The research supports conceptual advancements towards IAD occurrence but is inadequate in methodological applications, as IAD is a complex construct in multidisciplinary environment. The primary objective of this study is to deploy an inventive approach based on confidence interval overlap to determine whether two popularly researched influencers (psychological disorder and social disorientation) have any real significant difference towards inducing IAD. The analysis was done on primary data, collected through focused group and questionnaire methods. Statistical tool PASW v. 20 was used by enabling Bootstrapping Procedure on Unstandardized Coefficients of Regression Analysis. The study concludes that IAD is an outcome of investigated influencers but fails to signify any real difference in two interrelated concepts. The study is particularly useful for researchers using point estimates based on confidence interval overlap to determine significant differences.
Potential role of intestinal first-pass metabolism in the prediction of drug–drug interactions

Background: The contribution of intestine to the magnitude of drug–drug interactions (DDI) may be significant, considering high levels of inhibitors in the gut lumen achieved during absorption and the abundance of metabolic enzymes in the mature enterocytes. Intestinal inhibition is incorporated in the DDI prediction models as the ratio of the intestinal wall availability in the presence and absence of the inhibitor (FG′ and FG, respectively). Objective: This review will focus on the ability of the current approaches to estimate the extent of intestinal DDI accurately, addressing predominantly the most abundant intestinal P450 enzyme, CYP3A4. Methods: Considering the sensitivity of the DDI prediction models to the accuracy of the FG estimates, the current study focuses on 3 different in vitro and in vivo approaches to assess this parameter. Results/conclusion: The advantages and limitations of each of FG methods are outlined. Accurate assessment of this parameter is essential for the prediction of human drug clearance and drug–drug interaction potential.
Inhibitory Activity of Betulin (Lup-20(29)-Ene-3β, 28-Diol) On Pknb Serine/Threonine Kinase from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis : A Molecular Modeling Study

Ser/Thr Kinase is one of the four M. tuberculosis kinases that are conserved in the downsized genome of Mycobacterium leprae and are therefore presumed to play an important role in the processes that regulate the c omplex life cycle of mycobacteria. It is known that there are two main superfamilies of prot ein kinases, one including STPKs1 and PTKs and that of His kinases. For a long time, the former were only found in eukaryotes, and the latter were only found in proka ryotes. In this paradigm, proteins from each superfamily were supposed to play analogous roles in the essentially different organization of signal transduction in both phyla. In this study we report the binding mode of Ser/Thr kinase with derivatives of Betulin ((lup-20(29)-ene-3β,28-diol) on the basis of structural similarity, substructure, isom ers & conformers. Molecular docking approach using Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm was carried out to find out the potent inhibitors for Ser/Thr Kinase on the basis of calcu lated ligand-protein pairwise interaction energies. Study was carried out on 3000 molecules which were virtually screened from different databases on the basis of t he structural similarity of Betulin. The grid maps representing the protein were calculated using auto grid and grid size was set to 60*60*60 points with grid spacing of 0.375 Ǻ. Docking was carried out with standard docking protocol on the basis of a population size of 150 randomly placed individuals; a maximum number of 2.5 *107 energy evaluations, a mutation rate of 0.02, a crossover rate of 0.80 and an elitism value of 1. Fifteen ind ependent docking runs were carried out for each ligand and results were clustered accordin g to the 1.0 Ǻ rmsd criteria. The docking result of the study of 3000 molecules d emonstrated that the binding energies were in the range of -12.72 kcal/mol to -1.71 kcal/ mol, with the minimum binding energy of ‐12.72 kcal/mol. 6 molecules showing hydrogen bonds with the active site residue VAL 95. Further in-vitro and in-vivo study is requi red on these molecules as the binding mode provided hints for the future design of new de rivatives with higher potency and specificity.
Isolation, biochemical characterization, anti biotic susceptibility study of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from freshwater fish

*Corresponding author A B S T R A C T The isolation, phenotypic and biochemical characterization, antibiotic susceptibility test of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from diseased fish as rohu, catla, mrigal, cat fish, gold fish and Channa spp. , were done in the present experiment. A. hydrophila strains along with reference strain MTCC 646 produced small, round, smooth, convex and translucent, yellow colonies on Rimler Shott s medium, Gram negative short rod, motile by polar flagella, fermentative, showed positive reaction towards oxidase, catalase, produced gas from glucose, utilize citrate for growth, produced indole, reduced nitrate, oxidate gluconate, produced amylase enzyme and decompose starch. Strain differentiation of A. hydrophila was done on the basis of 34 different sugar fermentation tests used in the study. A. hydrophila strains sensitive to oxytetracycline, ofloxacin, azithromycin, doxycycline, nitrofurazone, streptomycin, chlorotetracycline and norfloxacin; resistance to amoxicillin, ampicillin, bacitracin, cefuroxime, cloxacillin, cephalexin, co-trimoxazole, flumequine and erythromycin.
Towards Consensus in IoT Driven Business Ecosystem Research : A Position Paper

During the almost 27 years of its existence, the business ecosystem research has developed a substantial level of ambiguity and multifacetedness. Due to the technological advancements that promote interconnectedness and value co-creation, the field has consequently spun off into more domain specific branches, such as the arenas of digital business ecosystems or business ecosystems driven by IoT. Nonetheless, despite the efforts to mend the theoretical foundations and close the gap between academia and empirical practice, the absolute majority of IoT driven business ecosystem literature follows the trend of conceptual randomness while expanding the volume of publications exponentially. Therefore, in order to tackle this conceptual inflation, the author encourages other researchers to make extended effort and increase the external validity of their researches, as well as the relevance of the research stream as a whole, by bounding the IoT driven business ecosystems on a rigorous basis and deploying the extant theory in an careful and appropriate manner. Overall, this position paper contributes to the research area of IoT driven business ecosystems by unfolding the importance of focusing on developing conceptual consistency within the discussed emerging field of interest.
Batch Target Recognition Count under Complex Conditions Based on Att-Unet

As we all know, the large number of counts is a challenging and time consuming task subject because of oversized number and complex conditions. However, the development of deep learning makes deep learning models very competitive in image segmentation. In this paper, we take cigarette filter rods as the research object. we first evaluate the standard Unet for the filter rod target recognition to separate target and background. Secondly, we use the focal loss function instead of the traditional cross-entropy function to solve the problem of imbalance between target and background area. Thirdly, we add a self-attention module in the traditional Unet convolutional layer to enhance the convolution effect. Fourth, we propose structural element detection criteria and round tangency matching strategy based on HMM (Hidden Markov Model) for the geometric relationship of filter rod position, which further improves the accuracy of the algorithm. We used Qu's [1], Mask-R-CNN [2], FCN [3], Deep-lab-V1 [4] and this paper’s algorithm to test the performance of 30000 images from the industrial site. The performance of this paper’s algorithm is completely better than the performance of the above algorithm.
A Novel Oscillation-Free Force Measurement for the Determination of Material Properties during High-Speed Tests

The determination of material properties under high-speed loading has been a challenge for many years. Structural vibrations, or system ringing, in a conventional tensile testing machine deteriorate the quality of the force measurement, which prevents the precise determination of stress-strain curves and the corresponding mechanical properties. In this work, a new sample geometry and a corresponding measurement method are presented and analyzed. This new method allowed for the determination of oscillation-free, true stress-strain curves at high strain rates. Because a new minor plastic deformation area exists in the new Generation III sample, a quasi-movable bearing condition for the sample fixation is created. The forces acting on the sample deformed the cross section and created a displacement in this minor plastic deformation area. In this way, the elastic ringing effect was reduced significantly. This new method could also be applied to the quasi-static test and strain rates ranging from 10−4 to 103/s. Moreover, the filtering or similar manipulation of the results is no longer needed. The validity of the new method was proven by testing two steels with different strain-hardening behaviors.
Requirement on the Timing Accuracy of Satellite-Ground Joint Positioning and Inter-Node Time Synchronization

The establishment and improvement of Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS) has been able to meet the requirements of ordinary users for positioning and navigation. However, the system also has its obvious shortcomings such as susceptibly to interference or spoofing, and because of the spatial geometry distribution, it is difficult to continuously meet the needs of high-precision users. So we pay attention to a kind of satellite-ground joint positioning system along with pseudolites. The contributions are the time synchronization technology between multiple nodes and the accuracy requirement of satellite-ground timing. The conclusions include that the precision of time synchronization can be improved to the nanosecond level by using two-way time measurement at signal level. The requirement of node timing accuracy is mainly affected by the standard deviation of User Equivalent Range Error (UERE), the number of nodes and the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) before and after adding pseudolite nodes. Blinding increasing the number of nodes may not improve the positioning accuracy, but will put forward higher requirement for the timing accuracy of the nodes.
Plant Diseases Recognition Using Machine Learning

The way a doctor can predict what kind of diseases a patient is suffering from, similarly, the fastest stratagem of predicting plant diseases is to analyze leaf's physiognomy changes and compare them with their actual color, shape, structure, etc. Plant disease recognition on the basis of leaf's physiognomy changes is the fundamental purpose of our project. We have used Convolutional Neural Network as a training method. CNN works via 3 dimensions of layers where neurons of every layer aren't fully connected to the next layer rather only a small portion is connected and the output will be decreased to a single dimension. For this, even with big datasets CNN works faster than any other networks. That's why we have used it for achieving a satisfying accuracy outcome. The program will exert plant images as input and detaching them to predict plant diseases. So it will help to identify and differentiate various types of plant diseases like aster yellows, bacterial wilt, scab, etc. quite easily & correctly.
Technology Influence in the Design of Wideband Digital Switched Attenuators for Wireline Front-End ICs

This paper presents an evaluation of the technology constraints on the design of wideband RF switched attenuators. The dependence of the performance of switched Pi, T, and bridged-T attenuators on the technology figure of merit RonCoff is evaluated for attenuation settings from 0.5 dB to 16 dB. Thereafter, a coarse attenuator and a fine attenuator implemented using a SiGe BiCMOS technology for passive gain control in a wideband RF front-end IC are presented. A total attenuation range of 31.5 dB is achieved for a wide bandwidth from 500 MHz to 2.5 GHz using these attenuators.
Establishing monoxenic culture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices through root organ culture

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are soil fungi distributed worldwide, forming symbiosis with most of the vascular plants for their growth and survival, which is used for sustainable agriculture and ecosystem management. This study investigated the establishment of monoxenic cultures of Glomus intraradices in association with transformed carrot hairy root. The G.intraradices spores were isolated from sugarcane rhizosphere by wet sieving and decanting technique and propagated in open pot culture. Transformation in to carrot hairy root was done using Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Surface sterilization of G.intraradices spores co-cultured with transformed carrot hairy root in Modified Strulla and Romand (MSR) medium was found the host root growth as well as for germination AM spores. After three months of incubation in dark condition, significant production of extensive hyphal growth on MSR medium and an average of 8500-9000 spores per petri dish was observed. The in vitro inoculum exhibited higher potential of root colonization due to numerous intraradices mycelium with extensive spore load. The produced monoxenic inoculum can be used in place of traditional system where it has a advantage of producing contaminant free propagulas. Thus the monoxenic culture system, a powerful tool, of AM sporulation, can be used for the mass production of monoxenic inoculum of AM fungi besides studying its biology.
Medicinal Plants in Saudi Arabia: I. Sarrwat Mountains at Taif, KSA

3 Abstract: Today many medicinal plants face extinction or severe genetic loss, yet detailed information on these plants is lacking with just a fraction of this information being recorded in a systematic manner with more emphasis placed on the potential for discovering new wonder drugs. The ultimate aim of this study is assessing the list of medicinal plants in the study area. This may be useful in developing strategies for sustainable use of one of the threatened natural resources in Saudi Arabia. About 261 species were recorded, belonging to 55 families and 178 genera. The most dominate families were Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Asclepiadaceae and Zygophyllaceae. About 97% of the total recorded species have at least one aspect of potential or actual economic uses i.e., 165 species are having medicinal value. This means that this region has a large number of medicinal plants which needs to be discovered and surveyed.
PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL LAYING HENS AS AFFECTED BY LOW PROTEIN DIETS AND AMINO ACIDS SUPPLEMENTATION

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of low crude protein diet (CP) levels and amino acids (AA) (methionine and lysine) supplementation on performance of local laying hens from 32 to 44 weeks of age. Matrouh hens of 32 weeks old were divided equally into five treatment groups. Each group contained five replicates with three Hens per each. Five test diet series were used: One, 16% CP diet plus additional (methionine amino acid )general control; Two,14% CP diet; Three, 14% CP diet plus additional amino acids (methionine and lysine) identical to diet one; Four: 12% CP diet and Five ,12% CP diet plus additional amino acids (methionine and lysine) identical to diet one. Final body weight and body weight change were not significantly influenced by either crude protein (CP) levels or AA supplementation. The highest egg production, egg weight and egg mass values were for 16% CP (63.37%, 44.95g and 28.46 g/ hen/ day), respectively. Hens fed 14% CP diet supplemented with AA had recorded the lowest feed consumption (70.65 g/day). The best significant (P<0.01) values for feed conversion ratio were for16% CP diet (2.62 g feed/ g egg) and 14% CP diet supplemented with AA (2.62 g feed/ g egg). The best value of egg shape index had been obtained by feeding 12 % CP diet with AA supplementation (80.24%). The best (P<0.05) yolk wt. values were for 14 % CP and 14% CP supplemented with AA (39.30 and 39.21%), respectively. Moreover, the best (P<0.05) yolk index value was for 14 % CP diet supplemented with AA (44.15). Hens fed 12 % CP diet with supplemented with AA recorded the highest (P<0.05) haugh unit (90.15). The best economical efficiency and relative economical efficiency values had been recorded for hens fed 14 % CP diet supplemented with AA(0.81 and 117.39%), followed by hens fed 16% CP diet ( 0.69 and 100%), respectively. It could be concluded that equal egg production and egg quality of Matrouh laying hens could be obtained with a 14% low-CP diet plus methionine and lysine supplementation to the same identical level of high crude protein diet (16%). Moreover, hens fed 14% low-CP diet plus methionine and lysine supplementation recorded the best economical efficiency and relative economical efficiency.
The interaction between σ70 and the β-flap of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase inhibits extension of nascent RNA during early elongation

The σ-subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is required for promoter-specific transcription initiation. This function depends on specific intersubunit interactions that occur when σ associates with the RNAP core enzyme to form RNAP holoenzyme. Among these interactions, that between conserved region 4 of σ and the flap domain of the RNAP β-subunit (β-flap) is critical for recognition of the major class of bacterial promoters. Here, we describe the isolation of amino acid substitutions in region 4 of Escherichia coli σ70 that have specific effects on the σ70 region 4/β-flap interaction, either weakening or strengthening it. Using these σ70 mutants, we demonstrate that the σ region 4/β-flap interaction also can affect events occurring downstream of transcription initiation during early elongation. Specifically, our results provide support for a structure-based proposal that, when bound to the β-flap, σ region 4 presents a barrier to the extension of the nascent RNA as it emerges from the RNA exit channel. Our findings support the view that the transition from initiation to elongation involves a staged disruption of σ-core interactions.