Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Being Invisible I.II.&III

Much music is conceived physically under the broader concept of resonance. This includes the conception of the physical materials of music as being embodied in the geometry of vibrations of air molecules in a bounded space, inside which the concept of the “outside” of this space is meaningless. I am interested in the properties of universality that involve music unbounded by this multi-dimensional, enclosed continuum. We remember the one eyed, sessile philosopher who could only conceive of a crude elliptic, two-dimensional space. The three-dimensional form of tactual space is resultant from the combination of images from two eyes and is given meaning that is conditioned in part by the semi-circular canals of the ear, the changes of which are cross or cross-correlated with the dynamic, myogenetic forms of extension, contraction, and resistance to gravity. What, then is the latest sense, or abstract “third eye” which will enable us to create a music that articulates itself physically through universals of experience with all of space. Kant maintained that space is not an empirical concept derived from external experience, but a framework already existing in the mind without which no external phenomena would be possible. Poincaré points out that, just as the Principle of Relativity tries to show us that it is impossible by any means to obtain knowledge of absolute motion, so, it is theoretically impossible to determine what are the qualities of matter as “distinct” from those of space. Therefore, it is beyond our power to obtain knowledge of absolute space.
GENERALIZED REGULAR SPATIAL POOLING FOR IMAGE CLASSIFICATION

This paper discusses spatial pooling, a basic and crucial problem in the Bag-of-Features (BoF) model. Conventional algorithms such as Spatial Pyramid Matching (SPM) [1] hierarchically divide the image into exclusive and regular regions for feature summarization, but we propose an extremely simple algorithm named Generalized Regular Spatial Pooling (GRSP), which allows the pooling bins in the same layer have relatively denser or sparser distributions. With the proposed algorithm, it is possible to enhance the “representation power” on each of the pooling layers. State-of-the-art classification accuracy is achieved on several challenging image classification datasets.
Nigel Gilbert, Matthijs den Besten, Akos Bontovics, Bart G.W. Craenen, Federico Divina, et al.: Emerging Artificial Societies Through Learning

The NewTies project is implementing a simulation in which societies of agents are expected to develop autonomously as a result of individual, population and social learning. These societies are expected to be able to solve environmental challenges by acting collectively. The challenges are intended to be analogous to those faced by early, simple, small-scale human societies. This report on work in progress outlines the major features of the system as it is currently conceived within the project, including the design of the agents, the environment, the mechanism for the evolution of language and the peer-to-peer infrastructure on which the simulation runs.
Fusion of Multispectral and Panchromatic Images via Local Geometrical Similarity

A pansharpening method based on local geometrical similarity is proposed in this paper. According to the observation model, the relationships among low spatial resolution multispectral (LRMS), panchromatic (Pan) and high spatial resolution multispectral (HRMS) images are formulated. In this paper, in order to reduce the color distortion and enhance the spatial information of fused images, we propose a Pan-Sharpening method via Local Geometrical Similarity (PLGS). First, the structure similarity prior within a local region in the Pan image is employed to regularize the solution space to obtain a more accurate solution. Then, the prior is embedded into the LRMS image to enhance the spatial resolution. In order to capture better geometrical structure information, such as orientation information and geometric textures, the steerable kernel is used to calculate the similarity coefficients in a local window. Some experiments are considered on different datasets and the results show that the proposed method can improve the visual effect and the quantitative values.
Understanding Inter-Individual Variability in Monoclonal Antibody Disposition

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are currently the largest and most dominant class of therapeutic proteins. Inter-individual variability has been observed for several mAbs; however, an understanding of the underlying mechanisms and factors contributing to inter-subject differences in mAb disposition is still lacking. In this review, we analyze the mechanisms of antibody disposition and the putative mechanistic determinants of inter-individual variability. Results from in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies were reviewed evaluate the role of the neonatal Fc receptor and Fc gamma receptors (expression and polymorphism), target properties (expression, shedding, turnover, internalization, heterogeneity, polymorphism), and the influence of anti-drug antibodies. Particular attention is given to the influence of co-administered drugs and disease, and to the physiological relevance of covariates identified by population pharmacokinetic modeling, as determinants of variability in mAb pharmacokinetics.
A Study of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Seroma Formation after Mastectomy in Tertiary Care Centre

Post mastectomy seroma remains an unresolved quandary as the risk factors for its formation have still not been identified. Seromas of the axillary space following breast surgery can lead to significant morbidity and delay in the initiation of adjuvant therapy. Various techniques and their modifications have been practiced and published in English literature, but there seems to be no consensus. In this article, all aspects of seroma formation from pathogenesis to prevention including drug therapies have been discussed.
Analysis and simulation for the double corrugated cardboard plates under bending and in-plane shear force by homogenization method

Abstract—In this paper, an analytic homogenization model under bending and in-plane shear force for the double corrugated cardboard plates is presented. The proposed model allows us to replace the 3D double corrugated cardboard by a 2D homogenized plate, which reduces a lot of time to calculate as well as time to build the geometry. Based on the theory of stratification and then improved by using the theory of sandwich, we calculated the rigidities of corrugated cardboard plate and then implemented into a 4-node shell element called S4R in Abaqus for an equivalent orthotropic plate. The results obtained by the present model are compared to those given by 3D shell simulations. The comparison shows the efficiency and accuracy of our homogenization model. The homogenization model can be used not only for corrugated cardboard plates, but also for industrial composite structures.
University of Groningen Multi-agent plan-execution health repair

This paper presents a protocol for plan health repairin multi-agent plan execution. Plan health repair aims at avoiding conflicts that might arise due to disruptions in the execution of a plan. This can be achieved by adjusting the executions of tasks instead of replanning the tasks. For this purpose, established methods from the domains of planning, discrete event systems, model-based diagnosis, and constraint satisfaction problems have been combined.
A New MAC for Wi-Fi based Underground Networks

Wireless Underground Networks (WUN) is an emerging research in the Wireless Networks field. It will enable a wide variety of applications in fields such as agriculture, border patrol, assisted navigation, sports field maintenance, intruder detection, and infrastructure monitoring. However, deploying underground wired networks can be a complex, time-consuming and expensive task. A WUN is formed by a set of nodes communicating through a wireless link in underground environments. These networks can be implemented in underground environments, such as mines and tunnels, where the propagation medium is the air, or even buried in the soil. In the latter case, the propagation medium is the soil, thus the signal will behave differently. Recent work on this field is more sensor-network oriented and does not properly address IEEE 802.11 problems. The work proposed in this dissertation is to adapt the 802.11 protocol to fit the underground medium characteristics, in particular regarding communications between underground and aboveground nodes. The goal is to design the protocol and test it emphasising underground to aboveground communications. We review the state of the art on WUN, namely the study of underground propagation models for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSN). Afterwards, a methodology for the experiments that will be performed to test a Wi-Fi based WUN, including testbed scenarios and hardware and software requirements, is presented. Finally, a workplan for the second semester is defined.
Impacts of Clean Energy Substitution for Polluting Fossil-Fuels in Terminal Energy Consumption on the Economy and Environment in China

China has initiated various dedicated policies on clean energy substitution for polluting fossil-fuels since the early 2010s to alleviate severe carbon emissions and environmental pollution and accelerate clean energy transformation. Using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) regression, we project the potentials of substituting coal and oil with clean energy for different production sectors in China toward the year 2030. Based on the projections, a dynamic multi-sectoral computable general equilibrium model, CHINAGEM, is employed to examine: the impacts of future clean energy substitution on China’s energy production, outputs of non-energy sectors, macro-economy, and CO 2 emissions. First, we found that most production sectors are projected to replace polluting fossil-fuels with clean energy in their terminal energy consumption in 2017–2030. Second, clean energy substitution enables producing green co-benefits that would enable improvements in energy production structure, reductions in national CO 2 emissions, and better real GDP and employment. Third, technological progress in non-fossil-fuel electricity could further benefit China’s clean and low-carbon energy transformation, accelerating the reduction in CO 2 emissions and clean energy substitution. Furthermore, the most beneficiary are energy-intensive and high carbon-emission sectors owing to the drop in coal and oil prices, while the most negatively affected are the downstream sectors of electricity. Through research, various tentative improvement policies are recommended, including financial support, renewable electricity development, clean energy utilization technology, and clean coal technologies.
Experimental and Numerical Modelling of Nonlinear Flow Behavior in Single Fractured Granite

In this study, the hydromechanical behavior was experimentally investigated by conducting fracture geometry evolution-based gas flow tests on single fractured granite. The traditional fracture roughness value (Rp) of a single surface cannot adequately explain the intrinsic permeability in multiple samples. Instead, the permeability is better explained by aperture distribution, and it is positively correlated with the mean aperture size. The permeability is also affected by a combination of contact area and void space under changing confining stress. The average embedded depth increases rapidly under low-loading stress (less than 8 MPa) and slowly under high-loading stress (higher than 8 MPa). A simplified Hertz contact model was used to fit the experimental data. The model uses the reciprocal of the standard deviation of the aperture as the average curvature radius of the fracture. Good agreement was found between the experimental and theoretical results. A modified smooth parallel-plate model to describe flow friction in fractures was developed, which takes fracture contact and void space into account. A new friction model was also developed that takes both the nonlinear effect and the influence of fracture relative roughness into account by multiplying the ideal model by two power-law functions. This new model is effective in predicting the friction factor. Finally, taking into consideration the built permeability, mechanical, and friction models, a nonlinear flow model was proposed. The flow rate can be estimated based on the 3D fracture topography data, the applied loading stress, and the pressure gradient. The influence of four types of aperture distribution on the friction factor was investigated. The results showed that a high mean aperture size would result in a low friction factor. In addition, the influence of the mean aperture size on the friction factor is obvious, even under a very high-loading stress while the effect of the standard deviation is negligible when the loading stress is very high.
Morphological sensitivity generalizes across modalities

A growing body of psycholinguistic research suggests that visual and auditory word recognition involve morphological decomposition: Individual morphemes are extracted and lexically accessed when participants are presented with multi-morphemic stimuli. This view is supported by the Morpheme Interference Effect (MIE), where responses to pseudowords that contain real morphemes are slower and less accurate than responses to pseudowords that contain invented morphemes. The MIE was previously demonstrated primarily for visually presented stimuli. Here, we examine whether individuals’ sensitivity to morphological structure generalizes across modalities. Participants performed a lexical decision task on visually and auditorily presented Hebrew stimuli, including pseudowords derived from real or invented roots. The results show robust MIEs in both modalities. We further show that visual MIE is consistently stronger than auditory MIE, both at the group level and at the individual level. Finally, the data show a significant correlation between visual and auditory MIEs at the individual level. These findings suggest that the MIE reflects a general sensitivity to morphological structure, which varies considerably across individuals, but is largely consistent across modalities within individuals. Thus, we propose that the MIE captures an important aspect of language processing, rather than a property specific to visual word recognition.
Land Use Changes in a Peri-Urban Area and Consequences on the Urban Heat Island

The effect of urbanization on microclimatic conditions is known as “urban heat islands”. In comparison with surrounding rural areas, urban climate is characterized by higher mean temperature, especially during heat waves and during nights. This results in a higher energy requirement for air conditioning in buildings and in a greater bioclimatic discomfort for urban populations. The reasons of this phenomena are ascribable principally to the increase of solar radiation storage and to the decrease of dissipation of water by evapotranspiration in urban environment respect to rural ones. The aim of this paper is to give a quantification of the air temperature increase due to an urbanization process. This quantification is conducted by comparing surface energy balance (incoming and outcoming radiation and turbulent fluxes) in urbanized area versus rural areas. This quantitative approach will be validated using a fluidodynamic model (Envi-Met) in a case study area representative of one among the various regional models of urban area growth. In particular, the model of expansion of small towns around big cities (2003–2008 land use changes) of a plain near-urban area in the Po Valley region (Italy) was used.
Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University

This work is based on the fact that the human auditory system outperforms the best automated system in the processing and extraction of information from sounds. Results from the field of experimental psychoacoustics are used to develop a signal processing model that is (1) perceptually motivated; (2) dynamic, in that it is capable of processing sounds with time-varying spectra; (3) multi-channel, in that it is capable of processing wideband sounds by providing a filtering mechanism similar to that of the human auditory system. The processing is based on the intensity-weighted aver­ age of instantaneous frequency (IWAIF) model which has been successful in predicting the perceived frequency of stationary narrowband signals. Our model is built using a positive time-frequency representation (TFR) of the signal. The model includes the following main stages: (1) equal-loudness pre-emphasis, (2) auditory filterbank, (3) intensity-loudness compression, (4) localized spectral centroid computation based on spectral integration and temporal integration studies. The model generates a percep­ tual representation of the physical signal. A perceived frequency value and a level value are produced that is localized both in time and frequency. This representation is (I) used to predict a number of psychoacoustic results, and (2) applied to track formants in natural speech. This representation has a potential to be applied to a number of applications such as automatic speech recognition, speech synthesis, speech coding and source segregation.
Stromal Cell Signature Associated with Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

Breast cancer stromal compartment, may influence responsiveness to chemotherapy. Our aim was to detect a stromal cell signature (using a direct approach of microdissected stromal cells) associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCT) in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). The tumor samples were collected from 44 patients with LABC (29 estrogen receptor (ER) positive and 15 ER negative) before the start of any treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisted of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel. Response was defined as downstaging to maximum ypT1a-b/ypN0. The stromal cells, mainly composed of fibroblast and immune cells, were microdissected from fresh frozen tumor samples and gene expression profile was determined using Agilent SurePrint G3 Human Gene Expression microarrays. Expression levels were compared using MeV (MultiExperiment Viewer) software, applying SAM (significance analysis of microarrays). To classify samples according to tumor response, the order of median based on confidence statements (MedOr) was used, and to identify gene sets correlated with the phenotype downstaging, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Nine patients presented disease downstaging. Eleven sequences (FDR 17) were differentially expressed, all of which (except H2AFJ) more expressed in responsive tumors, including PTCHD1 and genes involved in abnormal cytotoxic T cell physiology, TOX, LY75, and SH2D1A. The following four pairs of markers could correctly classify all tumor samples according to response: PTCHD1/PDXDC2P, LOC100506731/NEURL4, SH2D1A/ENST00000478672, and TOX/H2AFJ. Gene sets correlated with tumor downstaging (FDR < 0.01) were mainly involved in immune response or lymphocyte activation, including CD47, LCK, NCK1, CD24, CD3E, ZAP70, FOXP3, and CD74, among others. In locally advanced breast cancer, stromal cells may present specific features of immune response that may be associated with chemotherapy response.
Ataxin-2 Binds Alpha-Actinin-1

Ataxin-2 (human gene symbol ATXN2, protein ATXN2) is the disease protein of 9 Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 2 (SCA2). The large expansions of a polyglutamine (polyQ) stretch 10 above a threshold of ~33 glutamines cause the multi-system nervous atrophy SCA2, while 11 intermediate expansions of 29-32 glutamines contribute to the risk of the motor neuron diseases 12 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Fronto-Temporal Lobar Dementia (FTLD). To elucidate 13 the cellular function of ATXN2, we further characterized its direct interaction with alpha-Actinin-1 14 (symbol ACTN1), which had been observed in high-throughput yeast-two-hybrid surveys. An 15 endogenous complex of ATXN2 and ACTN1 proteins was detected by co-immunoprecipitation. In 16 vitro GST-tag pull-down experiments showed that the Calponin-Homology-domain at the 17 N-terminus of ACTN1 binds to the N-terminus of ATXN2. Although an impact of the polyQ 18 expansion on the interaction was not evident in pull-down experiments, a recent characterization 19 of aged Atxn2-CAG100-KnockIn mice provides evidence. Both proteins associated in the cytosol 20 and at the plasma membrane, as determined by sedimentation experiments in mouse brain, and by 21 immunofluorescence microscopy of a transfected monkey cell line and of rat primary hippocampal 22 neurons. In view of the roles of ACTN1 for spine plasticity and postsynaptic receptor control via 23 reassembly of cortical actin, our data help to explain the impaired dendrite maintenance in SCA2. 24
Velocity Modeling and Pore Pressure Imaging Velocity Modeling and Pore Pressure Imaging Using Tomography, Rock Physics and Burial Diagenesis of Shale

In this paper, I present a discussion on a new approach to pore pressure prediction technique. This technique, developed by Dutta et al (2011, 2014) suggests that the seismic interval velocities obtained from the well-known technique such as reflection tomography that is commonly used for depth imaging could benefit significantly from constraints imposed on the inversion process to reduce and manage the inherent non-uniqueness and ambiguity. We use rock physics principles to determine the acceptable ranges of expected velocities of rocks (such as shale) under varying states of effective stress (and hence, pore pressure through a knowledge of overburden pressure), and impose these constraints on the seismic tomography. This model also includes chemical kinetics of rocks to account for burial diagenesis. This integration results in “physically” meaningful interval velocities from tomography that are close to the “true earth velocity” and hence, ready for pore pressure prediction. Further, this constrained interval velocity model, when migrated, results in better image. I illustrate the methodology with an application that resulted in better pore pressure that is consistent with geology.
Invited Article: VEDA: A web-based virtual environment for dynamic atomic force microscopy

We describe here the theory and applications of virtual environment dynamic atomic force microscopy (VEDA), a suite of state-of-the-art simulation tools deployed on nanoHUB (www.nanohub.org) for the accurate simulation of tip motion in dynamic atomic force microscopy (dAFM) over organic and inorganic samples. VEDA takes advantage of nanoHUB’s cyberinfrastructure to run high-fidelity dAFM tip dynamics computations on local clusters and the teragrid. Consequently, these tools are freely accessible and the dAFM simulations are run using standard web-based browsers without requiring additional software. A wide range of issues in dAFM ranging from optimal probe choice, probe stability, and tip-sample interaction forces, power dissipation, to material property extraction and scanning dynamics over hetereogeneous samples can be addressed.