Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microsatellite characterization of the Momil, Cordoba (Colombia) domestic pig

The genetic status of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica) from Momil, Colombia, was studied on 45 samples using 20 microsatellites recommended by the FAO/ISAG for swine biodiversity studies. All microsatellites were polymorphic having from 2 (SW1067) to 13 (SW957) alleles. An average of 5.2 and a total of 104 alleles were detected. The average expected heterozygosity was 0.5376 and the observed was 0.5216. PIC values ranged between 0.1689 (SW1067) and 0.7352 (SW957), respectively. The population seems be genetically stable.
Dynamic Study and Analysis of Synchronous Generator under Sudden Short Circuit and Load Rejection Tests

In this paper, dynamic electromechanical equations of the synchronous generator (SG) are reviewed to provide insight on its behavior under different operating and test conditions. The response of the SG under these conditions is discussed and ways to determine transient and sub-transient parameters from the classical model are presented. A simplified approach for estimating SG parameters is then proposed and applied to a 1.5kVA-208V 60Hz synchronous machine whose d-axis parameters are identified through Sudden short circuit and load rejection tests made in laboratory.
Tracing China's HIV Epidemic: A Story of Cross-Border Geopolitics

This paper discusses the paradoxical trajectory that China’s HIV epidemic has taken and the important role that its border with Burma plays in determining this unique epidemic pattern. After providing some brief background on the region that serves as the ‘ground zero’ for China’s HIV epidemic I offer a discussion on the meaning of borders. Borders take on various meaning and significance to local, national, and international governing bodies. They assume a different level of importance, yet, to the people who inhabit the border. The Chinese-Burmese border is remote yet economically and strategically significant to the Chinese and Burmese governments in Beijing and Rangoon. It also, of course, holds great significance to the local governments that directly control and inhabit the territory on either side of the border. And it holds different significance, yet, for the local people who call this borderland home. A discussion of the various meanings this border holds both locally and nationally will explain why the HIV epidemic in China started in such a remote area before spreading to more urban centers. It will also highlight the need for directing more programmatic and policy related attention toward this important and strategic border area. I describe a nexus of relationships at the local and national levels that have become economically interdependent in a region that is fairly removed from the global economy. Their situation in a region where they have access to illicit yet economically lucrative resources has created what Manual Castells calls a ‘perverse economy’ (Castells 1998); a black hole in the global economy that easily nurtures the development of an HIV epidemic. The black hole I describe, however, sits at the crossroads of Asia, giving it strategic significance in the region.
Men’s economic status and marital transitions of fragile families

This paper explores whether new mother’s marital expectations are associated with their baby’s father’s economic characteristics, and how such expectations shaped subsequent entry into marriage. Data are from unmarried couples in the Fragile Families Study, corrected with multiple imputation techniques to account for non-response of fathers at the initial survey. Women’s expectations for marriage to the father of their child are high regardless of their partner’s economic characteristics. Those whose partners have some post-secondary schooling are most likely to marry. There is no linear association between men’s earnings and the likelihood of marriage. Standard predictors of marriage for the overall population apply less well for this sample of new parents.
EIN3-LIKE1, MYB1, and ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR3 Act in a Regulatory Loop That Synergistically Modulates Ethylene Biosynthesis and Anthocyanin Accumulation1[OPEN]

MdEIL1 directly activates MdMYB1 expression to promote anthocyanin accumulation, and MdMYB1 directly activates MdERF3 to promote ethylene production. Ethylene regulates climacteric fruit ripening, and EIN3-LIKE1 (EIL1) plays an important role in this process. In apple (Malus domestica), fruit coloration is accompanied by ethylene release during fruit ripening, but the molecular mechanism that underlies these two physiological processes is unknown. In this study, we found that ethylene treatment markedly induced fruit coloration as well as the expression of MdMYB1, a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit coloration. In addition, we found that MdEIL1 directly bound to the promoter of MdMYB1 and transcriptionally activated its expression, which resulted in anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit coloration. Furthermore, MdMYB1 interacted with the promoter of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR3, a key regulator of ethylene biosynthesis, thereby providing a positive feedback for ethylene biosynthesis regulation. Overall, our findings provide insight into a mechanism involving the synergistic interaction of the ethylene signal with the MdMYB1 transcription factor to regulate ethylene biosynthesis and fruit coloration in apple.
Running head: GIVING UP PROBLEM SOLVING Giving Up Problem Solving

How do people decide to abandon a problem? Participants were presented with unsolvable water-jar problems, having been accurately informed of the prior probability of solvability. Across three experiments, we discovered effects of prior probability of solvability and of problem-size (number of distinct problem states) on measures of effort and confidence. If a problem is more likely to be solvable, and allows more problem states then a problem solver spends longer trying to solve the problem. Giving-up decisions are informed by the same judgments of probability of success and costs of solution that inform move-choice in a rational model of problem solving.
RETROSPECTIVE: GraFboost: using accelerated flash storage for external graph analytics

The primary goal of GraFBoost, as well as many of our subsequent efforts, is to reduce the cost of large-scale data processing. We focus on hardware acceleration of out-of-core algorithms, replacing costly and power-hungry DRAM with cheap and efficient solid-state storage such as NAND Flash, without loss of performance. For GraFBoost, we targeted graph analytics because it is an egregious example of sparse and irregular data accesses, challenging ourselves to overcome one of the worst applications for out-of-core performance.
Prosody of classic garden path sentences: The horse raced faster when embedded

Prosody, it is assumed, does not always disambiguate syntax. We investigate one classic case at point from the psycholinguistics literature: garden path sentences involving the main-verb vs. reduced relative clause contrast (the horse raced past the barn (and) fell). Despite their centrality in shaping theoies of sentence processing, no experimental work to date has investigated the prosody of these sentences. We show that, contrary to previous assumptions (Fodor 2002, Wagner & Watson 2010), this contrast is prosodically disambiguated, but that this disambiguation can only be observed when the relevant clauses are embedded within a matrix clause which provides a baseline pace. Prosodic disambiguation obtains through pace modulation, with faster pace associated with the embedded/reduced relative reading and regular pace (no change) with the main-verb analysis. The essential contribution of the matrix sentence is to provide a baseline pace without which it is impossible to establish whether a change took place. Importantly, duration is solely determined by prosody and independent from complexity: faster pace is associated with the more complex structure.
National mixed methods evaluation of the effects of removing legal barriers to full practice authority of Dutch nurse practitioners and physician assistants

Objective To evaluate the effects of granting legal full practice authority (FPA) to nurse practitioners (NP) and physician assistants (PA) regarding the performance of specified reserved medical procedures and to support governmental decision-making. Design Nationwide mixed methods design with triangulation of quantitative (Pre-post test design) and qualitative data (expert interviews and focus groups). Methods Surveys focused on the performance of the procedures (monthly number, authorisation mode, consultations and procedural time) and legal cross-compliance requirements (adherence with protocols, competence). Interviews focused on competence, knowledge, skills, responsibilities, routine behaviour, NP/PA role, acceptance, organisational structure, collaboration, consultation, NP/PA positioning, adherence with protocols and resources. Data collection took place between 2011 and 2015. Results Quantitative data included 1251 NPs, 798 PAs and 504 physicians. Besides, expert interviews with 33 healthcare providers and 28 key stakeholders, and 5 focus groups (31 healthcare providers) were held. After obtaining FPA, the proportion of NPs and PAs performing reserved procedures increased from 77% to 85% and from 86% to 93%, respectively; the proportion of procedures performed on own authority increased from 63% to 76% for NPs and from 67% to 71% for PAs. The mean number of monthly contacts between NPs/PAs and physicians about procedures decreased (from 81 to 49 and from 107 to 54, respectively), as did the mean duration in minutes (from 9.9 to 8.6 and from 8.8 to 7.4, respectively). Utilisation of FPA was dependent on the setting, as scepticism of physicians and medical boards hampered full implementation. Legal cross-compliance requirements were mostly fulfilled. Conclusions Informal practice was legalised. The opportunities to independently perform catheterisations, injections, prescribing, punctures and small surgical procedures were highly used. Care processes were organised more efficiently, services were performed by the most appropriate healthcare provider and conditions were met. This led to the recommendation to continue with FPA.
Effects of 3-D Seismic on Vegetation 01 a . Southwest Louisiana Coastal Marsh

Integratirig oil exploration and development with wetland protection and restoration is an important facet of public and private land management in coastal Louisiana. The use of 3-D seismic in the coastal zone is relatively new, and is currently the method of choice for obtaining high quality geophysical data for locating oil and gas deposits. A better understanding of the environmental impacts associated with such activities is necessary to mildmize and mitigate for any impacts. We studied vegetation response to traffic associated with a 3-D seismic operation at Rockefeller Refuge in Cameron Parish, Louisiana. The 3-D operation, which included 91 miles of lines within 9,197 acres of the refuge, occurred 2 January 1995, through 13 April 1995. Marsh buggy drills were used to place subsurface explosives, and airboats were used extensively to survey the lines, place and service recorders, service explosives, and monitor and clean all lines. We sampled vegetation before, one year after, and two years after the seismic activity on paired treatment and control sites in an effort to document effects on live stem densities, open water, and vegetative species changes. Sampling occurred on portions of two receiver lines and two shot lines within a management unit of intermediate coastal marsh. Results indicate no effect of seismic activity on total emergent vegetation, marshhay cordgrass (Spartina patens), or open water. However short term vegetative species changes occured via an increase in Cyperus oderatus the first year following the seismic activity. Introduction compatibility of oil exploration and utilization with wetland protection and restoration is an integral part of resource management plans on wildlife refuges and private marshlands in coastal Louisiana. Therefore, it is important to document impacts of oil exploration on marshes in an effort to keep negative impacts to a minimum. Coastal marsh managers strive to maintain a balance between resource utilization and protection, especially when their management activities are partially financed by resource development. The From the Symposium Recent Research in Coastal Louisiana: Natural System Function and Response to Human Influence. Rozas, L.P., ! A. Nyman. C.E. Proffitt, N.N. Rabalais, D. Reed, and R.E. Turner (editors). 1999. Published by Louisiana Sea Grant College Program. Three-dimensional seismic surveys are currently the method of choice for obtaining geophysical data to locate subsurface oil and gas
Industrial migration and its impact on an 'Internet+' economy: evidence from core cities in the Diamond Economic Circle

The continued strength and vitality of China in terms of e-commerce have raised an issue of great importance regarding the adaptability of internet economic systems. As the installation of internet infrastructure becomes more widespread, certain internal factors have been identified as important determinants of 'Internet+' economy formation. This study describes and explains the relationship between industrial migration and 'Internet+' economy formation, by examining empirical data from Chengdu, Chongqing, Xi'an and Kunming during the 2010–2015 periods. This study proposes an industrial structure migration assessment model, and it finds that industrial structure in the study cities has radically and swiftly improved. A tendency towards inertia in structure adjustment, as well as cooperation tendencies in the course of transformation, are also confirmed in our results. These phenomena offer a favourable foundation for 'Internet+' economy diffusion in the study cities. Finally, we offer recommendations regarding 'Internet+' transformation in the Diamond Economic Circle.
ERα36 gene silencing promotes tau protein phosphorylation, inhibits cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells

Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in infants and the third most common cancer in children after leukemia and brain cancer. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of estrogen receptor (ER)‐a36 gene silencing on tau protein phosphorylation, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SHSY5Y cells. SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with estrogen or left untreated, to investigate the effects of estrogen stimulationon ERα36 and the ERK/protein B kinase (AKT) signaling pathway. ERα36 mRNA expressions were detected by quantitative RT‐PCR. A phosphatase kit was used to test protein phosphatase (PP)‐2A activity before and after treatment. Western blot analysis was conducted to detect protein expression of ERα36; tau protein; phosphorylated‐ tau (p‐tau) at site Thr231 [p‐tau (Thr231)]; glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β and its specificity sites (Tyr216 and Ser9); Cyclin Dl; proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA); B‐cell lymphoma (Bcl)‐2; and Bcl‐2‐associated X protein (Bax). A cell‐counting kit (CCK)‐8 assay was used to determine cell viability. Cell apoptosis and rate of tumor growth and volume were determined by Annexin V‐FITC/PI staining and a xenotransplanted tumor model in nude mice. Results show that without estrogen stimulation, ERα36 was inactivated. When stimulated by estrogen, expression of ERα36, PP2A, p‐GSK3β (Ser9)/total protein (t)‐GSK3β, Cyclin Dl, PCNA, and Bcl‐2 were up‐regulated, and p‐GSK3β (Tyr216)/ t‐GSK3β expression was down‐regulated, as was p‐tau (Thr231) and Bax expression. The expression of p‐ERK/ERK, p‐AKT/AKT, p‐methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)/MEK, and p‐mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/mTOR expression was up‐regulated, suggesting that the ERK/AKT signaling pathway is activated. Cell proliferation was also accelerated, whereas apoptosis was inhibited with stimulation by estrogen. However, we found that the effects of silencing ERα36 on the expression of related intracellular factors had no association with estrogen. Our study demonstrates that ERα36 gene silencing can inhibit the activation of the ERK/AKT signaling pathway, increase tau protein phosphorylation, decrease cell vitality and tumorigenicity, and promote apoptosis of human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. —Wang,H. ‐B. , Li, T. ,Ma, D. ‐Z. ,Zhi, H. ERa36 gene silencing promotes tau protein phosphorylation, inhibits cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. FASEB J. 32, 6456‐6468 (2018). www.fasebj. org
Effects of lunar cycle and fishing operations on longline-caught pelagic fish: fishing performance, capture time, and survival of fish

Commercial longline fishing data were analyzed and experiments were conducted with gear equipped with hook timers and time-depth recorders in the Reunion Island fishery (21 degrees 5'S lat., 53 degrees 28'E long.) to elucidate direct and indirect effects of the lunar cycle and other operational factors that affect catch rates, catch composition, fish behavior, capture time, and fish survival. Logbook data from 1998 through 2000, comprising 2009 sets, indicated that swordfish (Xiphias gladius) catch-per unit of effort (CPUE) increased during the first and last quarter of the lunar phase, whereas albacore (Thunnus alalunga) CPUE was highest during the full moon. Swordfish were caught rapidly after the longline was set and, like bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), they were caught during days characterized by a weak lunar illumination-mainly during low tide. We found a significant but very low influence of chemical lightsticks on CPUE and catch composition. At the time the longline was retrieved, six of the 11 species in the study had 40% survival. Hook timers indicated that only 8.4% of the swordfish were alive after 8 hours of capture, and two shark species (blue shark [Prionace glauca] and oceanic whitetip shark [Carcharhinus longimanus]) showed a greater resilience to capture: 29.3% and 23.5% were alive after 8 hours, respectively. Our results have implications for current fishing practices and we comment on the possibilities of modifying fishing strategies in order to reduce operational costs, bycatch, loss of target fish at sea, and detrimental impacts on the environment.
Content-Aware Reverse Tone Mapping

We present an image analysis approach for reverse tone mapping of high dynamic range (HDR) content. The goal is to expand the dynamic range of existing low dynamic range content, to be properly shown on modern HDR displays. Most of the existing reverse tone mapping operators fail to offer a good solution in cases where the input images contain large saturated areas. In this paper we present an interactive, higher-level approach to reverse tone mapping. Inspired by the Zone System used in photography, it can also be used as an artistic tool where both the tonal balance and the mood of the final depiction can be adjusted by the user. Potential applications apart from visualization include algorithms for image or scene analysis. Keywords-high dynamic range; reverse tone mapping; image
Physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptability of ready-to-eat sliced frozen roast beef with partial reduction of sodium chloride

Sodium chloride in meat products provides microbiological stability and desirable technological and sensory effects. Therefore, the reduction of this ingredient is a challenge for the meat industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of ready-to-eat sliced frozen roast beef with partial replacement of sodium chloride by a commercial additive mostly composed of potassium chloride. The analyses performed were chemical composition, cooking yield and post defrosting loss, microbiological evaluation and sensory analysis. There was higher moisture content (p < 0.05) in the control treatment (without the presence of the replacement additive) and all treatments were not different (p ≥ 0.05) in the cooking yield and in post-defrosting loss. The results of microbiological analysis are according to Brazilian Legislation. The sensory evaluation showed no difference between the control treatment and the T1 treatment (with the reduction of 35% of NaCl), while the T2 treatment (with reduction of 70% of NaCl) had the lowest average values in all attributes. The study showed that the reduction of 35% NaCl for commercial additive, mostly composed of potassium chloride, in roast beef is feasible since no changes were observed in sensory and technological characteristics evaluated.
Vitamin A and polyunsaturated fatty acids promote caenorhabditis elegans 60 Co radiation resistance associated with expression of cyclogeny genes

Radiation-induced damage is currently under intensive research. Increasing evidence shows that radiation-induced injury could be resisted by vitamin A (VA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), however, the mechanisms are yet unknown. This present study explored the effect of VA and PUFA on radiation damage and the potential mechanisms using the model organism-Caenorhabditis elegans. These two radiation protectants were assessed via analysis of survival rate as well as evaluation of cyclogeny-associated genes by qRT-PCR post-radiation. VA and PUFA did not exert any specific toxic effects on C. elegans in the preliminary experiment. The survival rate and fecundity of C. elegans decreased after radiation, both of which improved significantly with VA and PUFA treatment. The morphology of the eggs was altered remarkably by radiation, which could be prevented by VA and PUFA. Division patterns of the seam cells, cuticle, and molt formation-related genes, bro-1, cki-1, ceh-16, dpy-2, dpy-8 and grl-5 were significantly expressed as compared to the VA and PUFA groups with CK group, post-radiation, respectively. Thus, it can be speculated that radiation caused seam cell hyperplasia, reduced formation of the cuticle, and limited the growth of molt. VA and PUFA have a protective effect on the division pattern under 200 Gy and arrest the cell cycle checkpoint under 400 Gy. PUFA, not VA, exhibited radiation resistance by regulating the molt and formation of the cuticle, especially under higher radiation treatment. Moreover, PUFA primarily regulated the seam cell division pattern to resist radiation injury under 200 Gy while controlling the rate of cell division under 400 Gy.
Towards real-time 3D continuous occupancy mapping using Hilbert maps

The ability to model the surrounding space and determine which areas are occupied is of key importance in many robotic applications, ranging from grasping and manipulation to path planning and obstacle avoidance. Occupancy modeling is often hindered by several factors, such as: real-time constraints, that require quick updates and access to estimates; quality of available data, that may contain gaps and partial occlusions; and memory requirements, especially for large-scale environments. In this work we propose a novel framework that elegantly addresses all these issues, by producing an efficient non-stationary continuous occupancy function that can be efficiently queried at arbitrary resolutions. Furthermore, we introduce techniques that allow the learning of individual features for different areas of the input space, that are better able to model its contained information and promote a higher-level understanding of the observed scene. Experimental tests were conducted on both simulated and real large-scale datasets, showing how the proposed framework rivals current state-of-the-art techniques in terms of computational speed while achieving a substantial decrease (of orders of magnitude) in memory requirements and demonstrating better interpolative powers, that are able to smooth out sparse and noisy information.