Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Cardiovascular Biomarkers With Breast Cancer Therapy and Associations With Cardiac Dysfunction

Background We examined the longitudinal associations between changes in cardiovascular biomarkers and cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) in patients with breast cancer treated with cardotoxic cancer therapy. Methods and Results Repeated measures of high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT), NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide), myeloperoxidase, placental growth factor, and growth differentiation factor 15 were assessed longitudinally in a prospective cohort of 323 patients treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab followed over a maximum of 3.7 years with serial echocardiograms. CTRCD was defined as a ≥10% decline in left ventricular ejection fraction to a value <50%. Associations between changes in biomarkers and left ventricular ejection fraction were evaluated in repeated‐measures linear regression models. Cox regression models assessed the associations between biomarkers and CTRCD. Early increases in all biomarkers occurred with anthracycline‐based regimens. hs‐cTnT levels >14 ng/L at anthracycline completion were associated with a 2‐fold increased CTRCD risk (hazard ratio, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.00–4.06). There was a modest association between changes in NT‐proBNP and left ventricular ejection fraction in the overall cohort; this was most pronounced with sequential anthracycline and trastuzumab (1.1% left ventricular ejection fraction decline [95% CI, −1.8 to –0.4] with each NT‐proBNP doubling). Increases in NT‐proBNP were also associated with CTRCD (hazard ratio per doubling, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.32–1.84). Increases in myeloperoxidase were associated with CTRCD in patients who received sequential anthracycline and trastuzumab (hazard ratio per doubling, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.04–1.58). Conclusions Cardiovascular biomarkers may play an important role in CTRCD risk prediction in patients with breast cancer who receive cardiotoxic cancer therapy, particularly in those treated with sequential anthracycline and trastuzumab therapy. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov/. Unique identifier: NCT01173341.
Profit VS Non-Profit Business Based on P2P Lending: A Cross-Country Multiple Case Study

People-to-People (P2P) lending allows individuals to lend and borrow directly among each other online. Previous research mainly focuses on a single P2P lending marketplace – Prosper.com. This paper uses a multiple-case study approach to explore four P2P lending marketplaces. The study provides in-depth explanations on how different P2P lending marketplaces operate in different business models and in different countries. Our study thus extends current understanding about different operation models of P2P lending marketplaces, and suggests how future research should be done to cover more P2P lending platforms. We also contribute to the literature by indicating the interesting research questions originated from the cross-case analysis.
Self-Deployable Geometries for Space Applications

The variable-geometry structures are useful in the aerospace applications because they cross of a compact configuration (launch phase) in a spread geometry (operational phase). Due to its expertise on the conception of light weight structures, the SIGECO team designs and realizes innovative structures: their advantage is to deploy automatically by storage of energy of flexion in flexible joints. A first study was led on a structure with scissors which conceive the skeleton of an auto-deployable satellite antenna. Following upon these works, the aim of this article is to propose the geometrical configuration of another kind of structure without articulations between elements (pivots, slide junctions). This structure form a circular plane or a three-dimensional structure (partially opened). The bar number is divided by two compared to the scissor. The applications concern auto-tensing structures as space antenna (LDR or other), desorbitation or solar sails and stiff structures for the support of solar panels.
A Simple and Effective CAPTCHA by Exploiting the Orientation of Sub-images Cropped from Whole-size Photos

Automated detection of image orientation has previously been studied as an important problem in intelligent image processing and computer vision. For this problem, numerous methods and tools have been developed by adopting approaches such as objects segmentation, color feature analysis and machine learning e.g., Support Vector Machines(SVMS). But conversely, the difﬁculty of image orientation can be used to examine the robustness of a CAPTCHA(Completely Automated Public Turing test to Tell Computers and Human Apart). The automated image orientation problem previously only had been studied and solved using typical photos which almost include important semantic cues such as people, bright sky, dark ground and vertical edges. In this paper we propose a simple prototype CAPTCHA, which exploits the hardness of orienting sub-images cropped from a whole digital photo. Our CAPTCHA takes 8 sub-images from base-photos and rotates them randomly. Then we present them to the user, who is required to ﬁnd the correct orientations of the 8 sub-images. The true orientation is easily obtained since most current high-end digital cameras have an automatic mechanism to store its orientation in EXIF. Thus we can simply and easily obtain the image orientation without applying complicated computation. For our experiment, we have collected about 1850 base photos that provide more than 100,000 different sub-images. Experiment showed that the accuracy of our CAPTCHA with humans is about 95%. We think this sub-image orientation is hard to solve by an automated procedure since all previous machine learning procedures have only considered whole photos with enough semantic cues, rather than partial image segments. Another advantage of our system is that user interaction is simpler(there are four choices) and more intuitive than a common text-based system or the previous image orientation method with arbitrary rotation. Experiment showed that common users performed at most two rotations for each sub-image. The total time to complete orienting the 8 sub-image orientation was less than 15 seconds which is signiﬁcantly shorter than that of previous image-based CAPTCHAs.
Temporal changes in the periphytic algal communities in a drowned tropical forest reservoir in Malaysia: Lake Kenyir

Periphytic algal assemblages, comprising bacillariophytes, cyanophytes and chlorophytes of standing dead trees in Lake Kenyir, a tropical drowned forest reservoir, were studied during 1995. A total of 317 algal taxa were identified in this study. The monthly floral mean species richness and cell count data demonstrated significant temporal differences between the months, in one-way anova (P < 0.05). Both redundancy analysis and cluster analysis on monthly blue-green abundance and diatom assemblages exhibited conspicuous groupings among the months, with underpinning seasonal differences. The responses were not similar, however, between the upstream and downstream ends of the lake. The grouping or clustering of months can be generalized as: (i) November, December and January as the monsoonal months; (ii) February, March, April and May as the transitional months; and (iii) June to October as the dry months. Based on stepwise multiple regression with forward selection, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen concentration were significant environmental predictors at the downstream dam sampling site, and reactive silica, electrical conductivity, Secchi depth transparency and sunshine hours were significant predicators at the upstream riverine sampling site, based on Monte Carlo tests. Being a ploymictic, mesotrophic lake, the limnology and temporal changes for Lake Kenyir appears to be complex and driven by monsoons, as evidenced from the temporal changes in its periphytic algae communities, particularly the diatom assemblages. The downstream sampling site (site 1) at the dam, in the main basin and deeper zone of the lake, the seasonal amplitude was likely complex because of thermocline formation and stratification processes. In contrast, the upstream sampling site in the Petang River (site 2) exhibited a clearer distinction between the dry and monsoon months, based on its cyanophyte and diatom floral assemblages. These study results are pertinent for lake management, especially for developing biomonitoring programmes or lake productivity studies, as well as for climate change studies, within the context of tropical lake ecology.
Comparison of Deep Blue and Land Surface Reflectance in the San Joaquin Valley

Air quality in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) has failed to meet federal and state particulate matter (PM) regulation standards for the past several years. While previous studies show strong correlations between the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) derived Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) and surface PM measurements on the East Coast of the United States, weak correlations have been found on the West Coast. Specific causes for this discrepancy have not been identified, nor has a solution been found. The Deep Blue algorithm was created in order to correct AOT calculations over arid, non-vegetated regions. Although slight improvements were seen, numbers over California remained problematic. This study aims to understand the poor correlation on the West Coast, specifically in the SJV, by targeting surface reflectance as a factor for the inaccuracy. This will be done by comparing land surface reflectances derived from MODIS Aqua to ground reflectance measurements for the region, in order to examine their correlation. Presumably, an undesirable effect on AOT calculations would occur if these surface reflectance values are imprecise. Results show that there is little correlation between the data sets. MODIS Land Surface Reflectance matched closest to the mixed ground measurements. In all products, the red band (0.620 – 0.670 μm) values vary more than the blue band (0.459 – 0.479 μm) values. Most data seem to fall in a horizontal linear trend line, not the expected 1:1 line.
(E)-2-Methyl-4-[(4-propylphenyl)diazenyl]phenol

The title compound, C16H18N2O, was produced when 4-propyl­benzene­diazo­nium chloride, prepared from a 4-propyl­aniline and NaNO2–HCl mixture, was treated with 2-methyl­phenol in an approximately 1:1 molar ratio. The mol­ecules of the title compound are stabilized by inversion-related O—H⋯N and C—H⋯O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds. The O—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate two edge-fused R22(6) ring motifs. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 15.28 (10)°. The N atoms are disordered approximately equally over two positions.
Statistical criterion for comparison of binary classifier accuracy

An ABC-method (Accuracy Binary Classifier) for a more accurate assessment of the binary classifier’s quality compared to the ROC-method (Receiver Operating Characteristic) is proposed. The ABC-method is suitable for quantitative and qualitative measures in independent and dependent small samples and it is not limited by the laws of distribution of objects in a sample. The ABC-method is effective for classification issues in different scientific and applied fields: IT, physical, technical, medical.
Prediction of total resistance coefficients using neural networks

The Holtrop & Mennen method is widely used at the initial design stage of ships for estimating the resistance of the ship (Holtrop and Mennen, 1982). The Holtrop & Mennen method provide a prediction of the total resistance’s components. In this work we present a neural network model which performs the same task as the Holtrop & Mennem’s method, for two of the total resistance’s components. A multilayer perceptron has been therefore trained to learn the relationship between the input (length-displacement ratio, prismatic coefficient, longitudinal position of the centre of buoyancy, after body form and Froude number) and the target variables (form factor and wave-making and wave-breaking resistance per unit weight of displacement). The network architecture with best generalization properties was obtained through an exhaustive validation analysis (Bishop, 1995). The results of this model have been compared against those provided by the Holtrop & Mennen method, and it was found that the quality of the prediction is improved over the entire range of data. The neural network provides an accurate estimation of two total resistance’s components with Froude number and hull geometry coefficients as variables.
Microscale distribution patterns of terrestrial bryophytes in a subalpine forest: the use of logistic regression as an interpretive tool

This study investigated microhabitat relationships of terrestrial bryophytes in a subalpine forest of coastal British Columbia. Substratum affinities were characterized for dominant bryophytes. Logistic regression analysis was used to gain insight into the ecological determinants of fine scale (0.1 m2) bryophyte distribution by examining the predictive relationship between bryophyte species occurrence and localized environmental conditions, as well as the coverage of other bryophytes. The predictive relationships were compared to evaluate the relative importance of environmental factors versus interspecific interactions in structuring bryophyte communities. The results indicate that bryophytes show unique responses in their relationships to environmental conditions and other bryophytes. Positive feedback appears to be an important process among terrestrial bryophytes in subalpine forests.
Changes in reproductive effort, lamina-area index, and standing crop with depth in the deep-water alga Phyllariopsis purpurascens (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

Abstract Density and aggregation, reproductive effort, lamina-area index, and standing crop of the deep-water alga Phyllariopsis purpurascens (C. Agardh) Henry et South (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) were examined as a function of depth (20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 48 m) for two consecutive years (1994 and 1995) at a locality in the Strait of Gibraltar. No significant temporal differences of the variables examined were found for a given depth, but a clear influence of depth was observed. Peak average density (4.2 ± 0.9 plants m−2) occurred at 30–35 m. The variance: mean ratio of plant density was significantly < 1 at all depths, indicating a regular distribution of sporophytes on the sea bottom. Photon flux density beneath a single blade layer of P. purpurascens growing at 30 m depth was 3 ± 2 μmol m−2 s−1, lower than the photosynthetic light compensation point (6.5 μmol m−2 s−1). Thus, light competition among sporophytes may be responsible for the uniform plant distribution. Reproductive effort dropped from 27 ±.
Practical Runge--Kutta methods for scientific computation

Implicit Runge�Kutta methods have a special role in the numerical solution of stiff problems, such as those found by applying the method of lines to the partial differential equations arising in physical modelling. Of particular interest in this paper are the high-order methods based on Gaussian quadrature and the efficiently implementable singly implicit methods.
Introduction to AsmGofeer

AsmGofer [12] is an advanced Abstract State Machine (ASM) [2] programming system. It is an extension of the functional programming language Gofer [9] which is similar to Haskell [14]. More precisely, AsmGofer introduces a notion of state and parallel updates into TkGofer [15] and TkGofer extends Gofer to support graphical user interfaces. AsmGofer has been used successfully for several applications. For instance, Java and the Java Virtual Machine [13], the Light Control Case Study [3], Simulating UML Statecharts [5]. In this document we introduce the AsmGofer programming environment. We assume basic knowledge in functional programming, like algebraic data types, functional expressions, and pattern matching. For an introduction into functional programming we refer the reader to [1, 16]. This document is not a reference manual for AsmGofer. In Section 1 we briefly explain the Gofer command line interface for loading, editing, and running examples. Section 2 and Section 3 introduce the notations and constructs for sequential and distributed ASMs in AsmGofer. In Section 4 we use sequential ASMs to define the well-known Game of Life example. For this example, we show in Section 5 how our GUI generator works, and in Section 6 we define a customized GUI for the game. Finally, Section 7 concludes this document with a summary.
Genotype-environment interaction for post-weaning traits in Nellore beef cattle

Identification of genotype–environment interaction in beef cattle may help the artificial selection process and increase the efficiency of genetic evaluation on sires submitted to different environments. Post-weaning traits are economically important and are more influenced by the effects of genotype–environment interactions than pre-weaning traits. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether this interaction has any effect on bodyweight at 365, 450, and 550 days of age in Nellore cattle reared in Brazil. Analyses considered the states of Goias, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, and Sao Paulo. Genetic parameters were estimated for each trait, per state, using the restricted maximum likelihood method, in two-trait analysis under an animal model. Genetic correlations regarding the same trait in two different states were used to evaluate the effect of the genotype–environment interaction on the traits studied. Genetic correlation estimates smaller than 0.80 between observations for the same trait in different states were taken to be indicative of genotype–environment interaction. It was observed that there is evidence of genotype–environment interaction in some of the states studied, and they tend to increase when the weight measurements are made at later ages. From this, it was concluded that selection conducted using data from one state might be different from selection based on data from another state. Summaries of bulls that consider different environments could contribute greatly to the genetic improvement of livestock.
Ab initio calculations of the elasticity of hcp-Fe as a function of temperature at inner-core pressure (Invited)

article i nfo Ab initio finite temperature molecular dynamics simulations have been used to calculate the elastic constants of hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) Fe as a function of temperature at ~300 GPa. The longitudinal modulus c11 decreases with temperature, in stark contrast to previous calculations, but in agreement with experimental observations on other transition metals at ambient pressures. c33 and c44 also decrease with temperature, while c12 and c23 slightly increase. When these moduli are used to calculate P-wave velocities through the crystal, the sense of the anisotropy is such that VP is fastest along the c-axis up to 5000K; however, by 5500K the anisotropy reverses with VP becoming faster in the a-b plane. This suggests that, for an inner core dominated by crystals of hcp-Fe aligned with the c-axis in the polar direction, the observed isotropic outer- inner core could result from the hcp-Fe being at a temperature close to melting where the axial wave velocities parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis become similar, while at greater depths in the inner-inner core, where iron is further from melting, stronger anisotropy is achieved with the faster P-wave velocities parallel to the polar axis. No other mechanisms, such as changes in composition or crystal alignment, are therefore required to account for the observed change in seismic anisotropy of the Earth's inner core with depth.
Tracking Occluded Lane-Markings for Lateral Vehicle Guidance

:- We present a real time algorithm for computing the orientation and the lateral pose of a vehicle with respect to the road observed by an on-board video camera. The advantage of this approach is to provide robust measures when lane-markings are dash, partially missing, perturbed by shadows, highlights, other vehicles, and noise. Moreover, a calibrated camera may be used as well a uncalibrated camera. Robustness to intensity perturbations is obtained, as much as possible, by taking into account all the edges in each image without doing any a priori thresholding based on the gray-level amplitudes. This leads to numerous edges to be processed. Nevertheless, we propose an algorithm extracting straight line segments directly in gray-level images in less than 0.05 second for a 256x256 image on a Pentium 200Mhz. For robust estimates of the orientation and of the lateral pose under geometric perturbations such as missing data, the algorithm relies on few basic assumptions on the observed cues: aligned and straight cues. Moreover, we assume that the road pro(cid:12)le is changing slowly from one frame to another. The orientation of the vehicle with respect to the road is computed by estimating the position of the focus points of the markers along the line of horizon. From the extracted straight line segments, the algorithm builds an histogram which represents the current lateral road pro(cid:12)le. The relative lateral pose of the vehicle is obtained by comparing the lateral pro(cid:12)le of the current road to a reference lateral road pro(cid:12)le. Using the consistency over time of the lateral road pro(cid:12)le, the reference is updated. Initial reference is built during the initialization of the process when the vehicle is assumed well enough aligned with the road.
Ameliorative Effect of Gallic Acid Against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Hypertension and Hepato-Renal Complications In Wistar Rats

Gallic acid (GA) derivatives occur naturally in plants and it has been reported to possess antioxidant properties against various disease conditions. Here, the meliorative effects of GA on sodium fluoride (NaF) induced-hypertension and hepatotoxicity was studied. Four groups of seven rats each were used in this study. Group A received distilled water (control), group B received NaF (300 ppm), groups C and D received NaF + GA (60 mg/kg) and NaF + GA (120 mg/kg), respectively, through oral gavage, for 7 days. The results showed that NaF alone significantly increased systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure. Administration of NaF also significantly raised both renal and hepatic hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, serum myeloperoxidase and significantly decreased reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase when compared to the control and co-administered with GA. However, GA co-administration with NaF reduced high blood pressure and markers of oxidative stress, improved antioxidant defence system. It also ameliorated structural changes in renal and hepatic tissues. Our findings thus suggest that GA is a potential drug candidate in the treatment of NaF induced hypertension and hepatotoxicity Keywords: Sodium fluoride, Gallic acid, Hypertension, hepato-renal toxicity