Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aggressive Behavior of Children in a Daycare Center 1 Article

The present work examined aggressive behavior in a sample of children attending a child daycare center in relation to their teachers' behaviors and the types of activities proposed by them. Four teachers and their respective students were observed for an average of six sessions, during which they performed activities, which could be free (without instruction) or guided. The most frequent behaviors were pushing/pulling, fighting over objects/taking an object from someone else, and kicking/throwing objects, with 77.61% of the aggressive behavior occurring during the free activities. An association between free activities and aggressive behavior was found. The categories kicking/throwing, fighting over objects/taking an object from someone else and slapping the face were associated with free activity. These results indicate the need for more attention directed toward children's free activities, providing them with adequate space for play and diverse opportunities for exploration and object manipulation.
Effect of Dietary Vitamin A and Zinc on Egg Yield and Some Blood Parameters of Laying Hens

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of vitamin A and zinc interaction in laying hens fed on diets supplemented with two different levels of vitamin A (0, 10.000 IU/kg) in combination with five different levels of zinc (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) on egg yield, plasma and yolk concentration of zinc, and the levels of plasma triglyceride and phosphorus for 12 weeks. Egg production, egg weight, feed intake, body weight and feed efficiency did not differ among the groups. Plasma and yolk zinc concentrations were affected only by zinc supplementation. An interaction between vitamin A and zinc had an effect and the independent effect of vitamin A supplementation increased the plasma triglyceride levels of laying hens. The level of phosphorus in plasma was altered by zinc supplementation and an interaction between zinc and vitamin A. Since the positive relationship between plasma zinc and egg production was observed (r=0.279 p<0.01), it is suggested that plasma zinc may be an indicator for the estimation of egg production or hen performance.
Relation of the Migrant and the Receiving Environment as a Phenomenon of the Krasnoyarsk Territory Modern Culture (Association Experiment Results Based on the Methodology "Serial Thematic Associations")

According to the modern cultural theory applied socio-cultural research is in demand due to an urgent need to understand an essence of occurring processes in the globalizing world (Koptzeva, 2010 and Zamаraeva, 2010). One of these global processes today is the migration resulting in general changes of social processes and social relations and, consequently, requiring new definitions of the social reality. Studying the migration as a special space of the intercultural interaction which arises at the relation of the migrant and the receiving environment, is in the great demand not only by the problematics of the migration modern processes, but, first of all, by an absolute urge to reveal the basic principles of coexistence of various ethnic groups in a multicultural world society. This particular applied research contains the results of psychological cultural analysis aimed at obtaining authentic information about the migration phenomenon as a modern cultural process and determining the specifics of migratory relations forming the Krasnoyarsk Territory culture. The main hypothesis of the research is the thesis that the migration phenomenon as the actual process of the modern reality initiates the processes of identifying cultural differences in the human minds, performs the function of culture events translation, determines the specific language of communication and rules of behaviour at the relation of the migrant and the receiving environment. In this regard, this applied research conducted by the association experiment method is relevant in terms of the possibility to identify the completeness and depth of associative ideas that arise in relation to the cultural migration phenomenon. Interpretation of research results allows to realise the semantic phenomenon content and also to analyse the conceptual ideas which exist in modern experience, to define the actual condition of the relation to the migratory phenomena.
Ammonium cycling in the rocky intertidal: Remineralization, removal, and retention

Rocky intertidal productivity is traditionally thought to be sustained almost solely by upwelled nitrate with remineralized forms of minor importance. Using tidepools as natural experimental mesocosms, we conducted 15N‐tracer experiments to test whether ammonium remineralized within the rocky intertidal is also a significant source of fixed N to localized ecosystem production. Comparison of tidepools with and without the dominant bivalve Mytilus californianus allowed consideration of its role in NH+4 cycling. Closed water‐incubation bottles were used to investigate the contribution of suspended microbes to NH+4 cycling. Tidepools with mussels had both greater NH+4 remineralization (two times) and NH+4 removal as compared with those without, with daytime rates greater than nighttime rates. Incorporation of NH+4 tracer by particulate organic matter and macroalgae, and the persistence of this signal in tidepools for several days following the experiment, showed retention of autochthonous NH+4 in the system. Remineralization rates were tightly correlated to removal rates when compared over all treatments and experiments, but NH+4 remineralization was significantly greater than removal, suggesting a surplus available to nearshore primary producers.
Peak Car for urban Swedish men

We study long-term trends in regional car travel demand within and across socio-demographic groups in Sweden, using cross-sectional data from National Travel Surveys, spanning the period from 1978 to 2011. We find that the reduction in per-adult driving in Sweden mainly occurs among urban men. Urban men of all income groups reduced their driving for both commuting and non-commuting trips in conjunction with rising gasoline prices, which may have contributed to this development. We find that driving among those socio-demographic groups, who have better opportunities to reduce their driving, and driving for discretionary rather than commute purposes is being reduced over time. Sweden is ranked among the most gender-equal countries in the world; yet we find a substantial remaining gender gap in the share of adults driving a car on an average day, even when controlling for other socio-economic differences.
MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Network Using Smart Antenna with Pulse/Tone Exchange

This paper proposes a MAC protocol for smart antenna used networks. The basic idea is that the Pulse/Tone exchange, instead of the RTS/CTS handshake, is applied prior to the data transmission. By only changing the transmission initiation method, we can obtain four advantages. First, collisions due to general hidden-node problem can be reduced. Second, the collision between the control frame and the DATA frame due to the directional hidden-node problem can be mitigated. Third, the transmission delay can be reduced by using the fixed contention window value. Finally, the overhead can be reduced because the duration of the Pulse/Tone exchange is much shorter than that of the RTS/CTS handshake. As a result, the higher network throughput can be achieved compared with previous protocols. Simulation results demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed protocol. Keywords-Smart antennas; ad hoc networks; Pulse/Tone.
The assessment of hot cracking susceptibility of ferritic-austenitic cast iron

An inspiration to the research work has arisen from the problems related to cracking of massive castings made of ferritic-austenitic cast steel. The shape and the character of crack trajectories indicate that they are hot cracks. Investigations have included two cast steel grades, namely GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 and GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3, because some customers had demanded for copper addition which makes possible the ageing treatment; also the alloys with increased carbon content have been investigated and this resulted from difficulties in obtaining sufficiently low carbon content (Cmax 0,03%) in many Polish foundries which are not equipped with argon-oxygen devices for cast steel decarburizing. The method of critical size of a specimen similar in shape to the Hall test specimen has been applied to examine the cast steel susceptibility to hot cracking. The examination results undoubtedly indicate the negative influence of the increased carbon content, especially in the presence of copper. The intercrystalline character of cracks which propagate along the dendritic austenite precipitates suggests that the peritectic reaction occurs in the final stage of solidification, being induced by segregation of the strong austenite-forming alloying elements. The increased hot cracking susceptibility of the ferrite-austenite cast steel containing copper, particularly with simultaneously increased carbon content, indicates that the implementation of production technologies concerning this material should be started with production of castings made of alloy grades without copper addition.
The Characteristics of Countries with Generational Account Imbalances

This article empirically tests competing explanations for intergenerational policy differences using a cross section of generational accounts from Kotlikoff and Leibfritz (1999). Generational imbalance rises when a public transfer program is created that benefits living generations and harms future generations. Generational imbalance is greatest in countries with a large elderly population, high income growth rate, greater income inequality, and dispersed political parties. The results are consistent with successful rent seeking by the elderly and poor, and suggest that countries with a high income growth rate and coalition government are less able to resist intergenerational redistribution.
LOWER EXTREMITY KINEMATICS OF SKI MOTION ON HILLS

This research study aimed to collect thre- dimensional joint angles of the lower extremity during a basic ski motion in order to provide more quantitative teaching guide-lines for ski instructors. Eleven infrared cameras were placed to cover the capture volume of three different stopping movements (e.g. “Pflug Fahren”) on hills. Six ski instructors participated in the test. Three trials of each stop were selected for comparison. Based on the results, skiers tended to use the edge of the ski and maintain a wider “V” shape at the shortest stop distance (e.g. 2m) compared to the other stops. Also, each skier had to invert the foot with a less flexed and more abducted knee and hip position as the stopping distance was decreased. This information will be useful for the development of more objective teaching guide-lines for beginner skiers.
Effects of Hydrogen Addition on the Flame Speeds of Natural Gas Blends Under Uniform Turbulent Conditions

Natural gas is the primary fuel for stationary, powergeneration gas turbines, and it is necessary to understand its combustion characteristics under engine-relevant (turbulent) conditions. Since its composition varies depending on the fuel source, a natural gas surrogate (NG 18% C2+) and admixtures with H2 have been utilized recently by the authors to aid chemical kinetics modeling using ignition delay times and laminar flame speed experiments. The present study focused on measuring turbulent flame speeds (displacement speeds) of natural gas (NG2) and methane with H2 using a fan-stirred flame bomb. The apparatus is a closed, cylindrical chamber fitted with four radial impellers that generate a central spherical volume of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence with negligible mean flow. Schlieren imaging was used to visually track the growth of the spherically expanding turbulent kernels during the constant-pressure period. The turbulence levels were fixed at an average RMS intensity level of 1.5 m/s and at an integral length scale of 27 mm. Turbulent flame speeds (ST,0.1) of NG2 blends were measured over a wide range of equivalence ratios between 0.7 and 1.3. ST,0.1 for the natural gas surrogate closely matched with those of methane for near-stoichiometric mixtures. However, preferential-diffusion effects (fuel effects) were observed under turbulent conditions for off-stoichiometric cases. The effects of hydrogen addition on the turbulent flame speeds of NG2 (25/75 and 50/50 (by volume) blends of H2/NG2) were also investigated and were compared with the flame speeds reported in a recent paper by the authors (ASME GT2014-26742) on the effects of hydrogen addition to turbulent flame speeds of methane. The effect of the hydrogen addition was to increase the turbulent flame speed (by about a factor of two for 50% H2 addition), although this effect was much more pronounced for the lean and stoichiometric mixtures. Interestingly, the flame speeds (both laminar and turbulent) of the CH4 blends with H2 were slightly larger than those for the NG2 blend at equivalent conditions, or about 10–20% larger at 50% H2 addition. This behavior can be explained kinetically by the increased importance of the inhibiting reaction CH3 + H (+M) ↔ CH4 (+M), where ethane oxidation produces more CH3 radicals than methane at similar conditions.Copyright © 2015 by ASME and Alstom Technologie AG
The Development of Students’ Worksheet Based on Predict-Observe-Explain (POE)

The research and development have been done to develop student worksheets (LKPD) based on predicting, observing, and explaining (POE). The development research model used refers to the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The assessment of product quality of LKPD development results carried out by validator and 14 physics teachers. The percentage of eligibility obtained from each validator and physics teacher is 77% and 83%. The test implementation of LKPD products applied to 20 students of class X MIA 2 SMAN 3 Unggul Sigli that chosen by purposive sampling. The results of a POE-based LKPD testing can improve the students’ critical thinking skills. Based on these results, it can be concluded that POE-based LKPD developed with the ADDIE development model is decent to be implemented. An investigation on a broader scale should be undertaken to assess the effectiveness in teaching physics.
Physiologic Evaluation of Microvascular Damage in Culprit Vessel After Successful Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

We investigated the importance of comprehensive physiologic assessment about culprit vessel in STEMI in estimating long-term clinical outcomes after complete revascularization. Comprehensive physiologic assessment provides additional information about microvascular function in coronary artery disease. This assessment includes three indices, fractional flow reserve (FFR), index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) and coronary flow reserve (CFR). We have performed the comprehensive physiologic assessment in culprit vessels after successful primary PCI in STEMI patients. Both cases were thrombotic total occlusion in mid right coronary artery with inferior wall STEMI, successfully revascularized with stent implantation after thrombus suction. However, in post PCI physiologic assessment, one case showed overt microvascular damage. CFR was 1.1, and IMR was 75U, which was defined as a combined criterion of low CFR (<2.0) and high IMR (≥25U) in culprit vessel, but the other case showed 2.2 in CFR and 24U in IMR, which suggested no overt microvascular damage. Moreover, we can validate these findings by cardiac MR after primary PCI. Previous studies presented that the presence of overt microvascular damage was significantly associated with worse clinical outcome in patients with coronary artery disease. We suggest that comprehensive physiologic evaluation provides important information about the degree of microvascular damage and long-term clinical outcomes after complete revascularization in culprit vessel in STEMI. (J Lipid Atheroscler 2017 June;6(1):46-52)
Genotypes of Dengue Virus Circulate in Dengue Sentinel Surveillance in Indonesia

Latar Belakang: Demam berdarah dengue disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue (DENV) yang terdiri atas serotipe 1 sampai dengan serotipe 4. Masing-masing serotipe dibedakan lagi menjadi beberapa genotipe. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mendeteksi genotipe DENV yang bersirkulasi di lokasi surveilans sentinel dengue. Metode: Untuk menentukan genotipe dilakukan analisis genetik menggunakan perangkat bioinformatik. Urutan nukleotida yang lengkap dari gen selubung DENV diperoleh melalui amplifikasi genetik menggunakan primer overlapping untuk masing-masing serotipe. Pohon filogenetik dibuat menggunakan perangkat lunak MEGA 6.0, metode Neighbor Joining dengan 1000 replikasi dan parameter Kimura-2. Sekuen nukleotida dari GenBank yang telah diketahui genotype DENV digunakan sebagai referen. Hasil: Jumlah sampel dengan gen selubung DENV yang dapat diamplifikasi adalah 64 dari 204 kasus yang terkonfirmasi. Empat belas sekuen dari DENV-1, 22 sekuen DENV-2, dan 28 sekuens DENV-3. Dari studi ini belum didapatkan sekuen untuk DENV-4. DENV-1 dan DENV-2 masing-masing masuk dalam kelompok genotipe I dan Cosmopolitan, sementara DENV-3 masuk dalam kelompok genotipe I. Kesimpulan: Genotipe DENV di lokasi surveilans sentinel dengue sama dengan genotype yang sebelumnya dilaporkan bersirkulasi di Indonesia. ( Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2016;7(2): 69 - 74) Kata kunci : surveilans sentinel dengue, virus dengue, genotype Abstract Background : Dengue hemorrhagic fever was caused by dengue virus (DENV). This virus has four serotypes, DENV-1 to DENV-4, in which each serotype consists of various genotypes. This study present the distribution of DENV genotype circulate in dengue sentinel surveillance sites. Methods: We performed molecular analyses using bioinformatics tools to identify genotype of DENV. Sequencing targeting envelope gene was carried out on DENV-positive samples. Full-length sequence of envelope gene was obtained using overlapping primers for DENV 1, 2, 3 and 4. Phylogenetic tree was generated by Neighbor Joining using MEGA 6.0 with 1000 bootstrap replications and Kimura 2-parameter model. Known genotype of DENV sequences from Indonesia and other countries obtained from GenBank were included in the analyses as references. Results: A total of 64 complete coding sequences of envelope gene from DENV-1, DENV-2 and DENV-3 were successfully sequenced from 204 confirmed DENV cases. There are fourteen sequences of DENV-1, 22 sequences of DENV-2 and 28 sequences of DENV-3. Unfortunately, there was no complete coding sequence of envelope gene obtained for DENV-4. DENV-1 and DENV-2 were grouped into genotype I and cosmopolitan genotype, respectively. The DENV-3 was grouped into genotype I. These viruses were belongs to various genotypes that have been circulating previously in Indonesia. Conclusion: This finding suggests that the distribution of DENV genotype in sentinel sites remained stable. ( Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2016;7(2): 69 - 74) Key words : dengue sentinel surveillance, dengue virus, genotype
The Gac/Rsm Signaling Pathway of a Biocontrol Bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6

Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, isolated from the roots of dryland, field-grown commercial wheat in the USA, enhances plant health and therefore it is used in agriculture as a biofertilizer and biocontrol agent. The metabolites produced by this pseudomonad stimulate plant growth through direct antagonism of pathogens and by inducing systemic resistance in the plant. Studies upon P. chlororaphis O6 identify the pathways through which defined bacterial metabolites generate protection against pathogenic microbes, insects, and nematodes. P. chlororaphis O6 also triggers plant resistance to drought and salinity stresses. The beneficial determinants are produced from bacterial cells as they form biofilms during root colonization. Molecular control these processes in P. chlororaphis O6 involves the global regulatory Gac/Rsm signaling cascade with cross-talk between other global regulatory pathways. The Gac/Rsm regulon allows for coordinate phasing of expression of the genes that encode these beneficial traits among a community of cells. This review provides insights on the Gac/Rsm regulon in expression of beneficial traits of the P. chlororaphis O6 which can contribute to help yield enhancement and quality in agricultural production. (e.g., glutathione peroxidase, Gpx), as well as modified cell envelope properties. Regulation of both Gac/Rsm and RpoS may alter the Fe sources available to the cell; GacS represses synthesis of the pyoverdine-like siderophore, whereas RpoS represses synthesis of a heme outer membrane surface receptor and heme oxidase. The Gac/Rsm regulon is also interconnected with the AlgU/c-di-GMP networks that regulate biofilm formation.
Global Climate Change: Implications of Extreme Events for Soil Conservation Strategies and Crop Production in the Midwestern United States

Climate models indicate that there will be an increase in both average annual temperature (+4.5 o C) and rainfall in the Midwestern U.S. by the year 2050 which may result in warmer, wetter conditions. Perhaps the most important factor will be less predictable weather patterns that will emerge, increasing the frequency of extreme weather events such as heavy downpours of precipitation, late season frosts and droughts. For example, July rainfall may increase 20% and might come in just two rainfall events. This study combines expertise from several disciplinary areas with modeling strategies to assess the impact of global climate change on midwestern agriculture. Predictions of warmer summers, wetter springs, and more extreme events indicate that the cropping system may need to be adjusted to effectively conserve soil, maintain timely planting, avoid early season frost damage, and respond to warmer growing conditions. Climate projections (HADCM2), crop growth models (DSSAT), the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model as well as net farm returns computations are used to study some of the choices farmers will have. Management practices to be evaluated in this study include altering the crop mix and changing the time of planting. Planting of cover crops and reducing the amount of tillage performed may also be viable alternatives to reduce the amount of soil loss resulting from more intense storm events. This paper will address some of the key findings from the project to date, and emphasize the extent to which extreme events under climate change raise special concerns about soil erosion. It will offer insights into the conditions midwestern farms may face and offer alternatives for preserving the quality of the soil resource. As yet we do not account for improvements in crop genetics.
Anthropometric study of nasal index in Hausa ethnic population of northwestern Nigeria

aDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. bDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. cResearch Center of Nervous System Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. dDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. eDepartment of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria. Correspondence to Gholamreza Hassanzadeh (email: hassanzadeh@tums.ac.ir). (Submitted: 14 September 2017 – Revised version received: 27 October 2017 – Accepted: 02 November 2017 – Published online: 26 March 2018)