Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of rest periods on energy system contribution during interval swimming

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rest periods on energy system contribution during interval swimming and whether the energy system contribution varied depending on the swimmer's specialty, such as swimmers who specialize in the 100 m or 200 m. Seven highly-trained male varsity swimmers performed three different tests: a 10-min continuous test (CON), 10 × 1-min interval test with rest periods of 20 s (INT20) and 10 × 1-min interval test with rest periods of 30 s (INT30). Swimming velocity during all tests was set to maintain a blood lactate of 4 mM determined by progressive swimming. The relative aerobic and anaerobic energy system contribution was evaluated from accumulated oxygen uptake and oxygen deficit. Aerobic energy system contribution in CON, INT20, and INT30 was 93.3 ±1.1, 81.0 ±10.4, and 67.4 ±8.5%, and anaerobic contribution was 6.7 ±1.1, 19.0 ±10.4, and 32.6 ±8.5%, respectively. There were significant differences (p
Searching for Behavioural Bugs with Stateful Test Oracles in Web Crawlers

Web applications pervade all aspects of human activity today. Therefore the content of the web has become extremely important. According to the great number of applications present nowadays, as a consequence, the manifestation of a bug has become very common. Testing modern web applications, so called "Web 2.0" applications has become more difficult due to their "stateful" nature, so the development of an approach capable of testing these applications in order to detect these bugs has become a necessity. The paper presents an automated approach for testing these dynamic web applications, where a combination of dynamic crawling and back-end testing is used to automatically detect behavioural bugs.
Tranexamic Acid and Major Spine Surgery: Trends and Controversies

The beneficial role and efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in reducing perioperative blood loss and blood transfusion requirements in spine surgery is being established. Tranexamic Acid is an antifibrinolytic agent traditionally used to lessen perioperative blood loss. Tranexamic Acid can be administered orally, intramuscularly, intravenously or topically. Tranexamic Acid studies in spine surgery have limited patient enrolment. Most of the reported studies have mixed results and difficult to interpret. The efficacy of antifibrinolytic agents is evident in a wide variety of surgical procedures: liver transplantation, obstetrics and gynaecology, trauma and orthopaedic surgical procedures. The effect of Tranexamic Acid on the occurrence of thromboembolic events, strokes, myocardial ischemia, seizures and mortality has not been adequately assessed and remains uncertain. A number of possible complications reported. In this review, we analyze the efficacy and safety profile of perioperative Tranexamic Acid with the exclusion of cardiac surgery and a focus on major spinal surgery.
PROTEIN ISOLATES : PRODUCTION, FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION -

Protein isolates are refined form of protein containing the greater amount of protein with greater digestibility. Nowadays it’s the major source of cheap proteins especially for athletes, bodybuilders, vegetarians, and has gained wide application in various beverages and dairy industries, and infant foods due to its different functional properties. It is widely produced from deoiled cake of legumes such as peanuts, cowpeas, soybeans, etc and animal sources like fish and milk by a combination of isoelectric and alkaline precipitation using H2SO4 and NaOH, followed by centrifugation to obtain the pure isolates which can further be dried to powdered form of about 90% protein. The problem of antinutritional factors in legumes can be successfully reduced by these processing methods.
Circuit techniques for a 40Gb/s transmitter in 0.13/spl mu/m CMOS

Implemented in 0.13/spl mu/m CMOS, the 40Gb/s transmitter uses shunt-and-double-series inductive peaking and negative feedback for bandwidth enhancement and pulsed latch-based dividers and retimers for timing closure. The 38.4Gb/s 2/sup 31/-1 PRBS transmitted eye has differential voltage swing of 549mV/sub pp/, rise time of 14ps, and clock jitter of 0.65/sub rms/ and 4.9/sub pp/.
A Mouse Serine Protease TESP5 Is Selectively Included into Lipid Rafts of Sperm Membrane Presumably as a Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Protein*

We have previously indicated that at least in mouse, sperm serine protease(s) other than acrosin probably act on the limited proteolysis of egg zona pellucida to create a penetration pathway for motile sperm, although the participation of acrosin cannot be ruled out completely. A 42-kDa gelatin-hydrolyzing serine protease present in mouse sperm is a candidate enzyme involved in the sperm penetration of the zona pellucida. In this study, we have PCR-amplified an EST clone encoding a testicular serine protease, termed TESP5, and then screened a mouse genomic DNA library using the DNA fragment as a probe. The DNA sequence of the isolated genomic clones indicated that the TESP5 gene is identical to the genes coding for testicular testisin and eosinophilic esp-1. Immunochemical analysis using affinity-purified anti-TESP5 antibody revealed that 42- and 41-kDa forms of TESP5 with the isoelectric points of 5.0 to 5.5 are localized in the head, cytoplasmic droplet, and midpiece of cauda epididymal sperm probably as a membranous protein. Moreover, these two forms of TESP5 were selectively included into Triton X-100-insoluble microdomains, lipid rafts, of the sperm membranes. These results show the identity between TESP5/testisin/esp-1 and the 42-kDa sperm serine protease. When HEK293 cells were transformed by an expression plasmid carrying the entire protein-coding region of TESP5, the recombinant protein produced was released from the cell membrane by treatment with Bacillus cereusphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, indicating that TESP5 is glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored on the cell surface. Enzymatic properties of recombinant TESP5 was similar to but distinguished from those of rat acrosin and pancreatic trypsin by the substrate specificity and inhibitory effects of serine protease inhibitors.
Content multi-homing: An alternative approach

The CDN serves as an essential element in providing content delivery services on the Internet; however, limited by its footprint and influenced by variations of network conditions and user demands, no individual CDN can qualitatively fulfill delivery tasks anytime and anywhere. As such, large content providers often use multiple CDNs. Nevertheless, this approach is not only cumbersome to negotiate multiple business contracts, but also economically inefficient, especially for small content providers. A simpler alternative approach would be to let each content provider only sign one contract with an authoritative CDN, say CDN-0, and let CDN-0 handle the potential performance trap of individual CDN. To fulfill its business commitment, CDN-0 could either use its own infrastructure or rent services from other CDNs, which is sometimes indispensable. To make an optimal operating plan for CDN-0 operator, we propose a new problem, called MCDN-CM, whose objective is to minimize CDN-0's operating cost. MCDN-CM is a concave minimization problem and we take advantage of the special form of the practical CDN-pricing function - piece-wise linear concave - to arrive at an optimal solution through an iterative procedure. We conduct numerical experiments under realistic settings and show via the experimental results that CDN-0 can achieve a tremendous cost-saving by using our proposed algorithm.
Two highly antigenic sites in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase

Antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) are found in the serum of the majority of infected individuals, and inhibition of RT polymerase activity by HIV-1-positive sera can be demonstrated in vitro. The binding sites of human antibodies on the protein have not yet been identified. We synthesized overlapping peptides covering the entire RT protein of HIV-1 and used them in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system to map the reactivities of HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibody-positive sera. Two highly antigenic regions were identified by both HIV serotypes. One region was found in the central part of the RT protein (amino acids 261 to 280) and another was found at the carboxy terminus in the RNase H portion of RT (amino acids 517 to 536). Comparison of the serological results with the crystal structure of the RT revealed that the antigenic region in the RNase H portion is located at the surface of the protein. The other antibody-binding site (amino acids 261 to 280) was located in the "thumb" region of the polymerase domain of RT. Polyclonal antibodies to either of the antibody-binding sites do not affect the polymerase activity of the RT protein.
Study of dynamic on-body link reliability for WBAN systems

In this paper, the dynamic on-body link reliability of an IEEE 802.15. 4 wireless body area network (WBAN) enabling on-body communications at 2.48 GHz is studied. By having the transmitter node placed on various locations on the hands and the receiver node fixed on the waist, the link reliability can be evaluated from the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) readings when the user is stationary, walking, and jogging. From the RSSI readings, the reliability of the WBAN can be quantified by the performance metric of packet delivery ratio (PDR).
Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with incarcerated male offenders aged 18-21 years.

BACKGROUND The Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II) is a self-report measure of depression. Studies have shown it to have good psychometric properties with adult and adolescent clinical and non-clinical populations. However, this research has mostly been conducted with North American samples. AIMS/HYPOTHESES To examine the psychometric characteristics of the BDI-II with male young adult offenders in the UK. METHODS The BDI-II was administered to 117 incarcerated male young adult offenders aged 18-21 years from the UK. RESULTS The BDI-II showed good internal consistency and concurrent validity. Factor analysis revealed two factors, relating to cognitive-affective items and somatic items. The items loading on the two factors were very similar to those found in a North American adolescent (13-17 years) psychiatric inpatient sample. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH: The findings suggest that the BDI-II can be used with confidence in young adult male offenders. It would be useful to confirm its psychometric properties in other offender samples and establish offender population norms.
A novel window function approach for voltage controlled memristor

Memristor being a fourth fundamental passive electrical circuit element in nanoscale technology has gained a great interest in the new era of semiconductor technology. The memristor with its special property of nonvolatility, low power consumption, small size and improved scalability has captured interest in many applications from digital logic circuits to neuromorphic computing. This paper will discuss and compare the most noteworthy models of voltage controlled memristor. We propose implementation of different window functions which can be implemented in the future voltage controlled memristor models to observe nonlinear hysteresis behaviour of memristor.
A new photo-switchable “on-off” host-guest system

A new photo-switchable “on-off” host-guest system comprising cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and a photoresponsive cinnamamide derivative ( trans -(3-phenyl-acryloylamino)-acetic acid, E-1 ) is studied. The cinnamamide derivative and CB[7] forms a stable 1:1 host-guest complex (CB[7]- E-1 ) with a high binding constant ( K = 2.1 × 104 M ^-1). Irradiation of UV light (300 nm) to an aqueous solution of CB[7]- E-1 induces the E - to Z -conformational change of the cinnamamide derivative, which then leads to the dissociation of the complex as evidenced by UV-visible and ^1H-NMR spectroscopy. The reverse process, photo-induced host-guest complex formation between CB[7] and Z-1 is achieved by irradiation of UV light at 254 nm. The photo-switchable “on-off” host-guest system shows high reversibility and switching efficiency, which makes it potentially useful in designing photoresponsive gating systems
The uncoupling effect of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug nimesulide in liver mitochondria from adjuvant‐induced arthritic rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes caused by adjuvant‐induced arthritis in liver mitochondria and to investigate the effects of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug nimesulide. The main alterations observed in liver mitochondria from arthritic rats were: higher rates of state IV and state III respiration with β‐hydroxybutyrate as substrate; reduced respiratory control ratio and impaired capacity for swelling dependent on β‐hydroxybutyrate oxidation. No alterations were found in the activities of NADH oxidase and ATPase. Nimesulide produced: (1) stimulation of state IV respiration; (2) decrease in the ADP/O ratio and in the respiratory control ratio; (3) stimulation of ATPase activity of intact mitochondria; (4) inhibition of swelling driven by the oxidation of β‐hydroxybutyrate; (5) induction of passive swelling due to NH3/NH4+ redistribution. The activity of NADH oxidase was insensitive to nimesulide. Mitochondria from arthritic rats showed higher sensitivity to nimesulide regarding respiratory activity. The results of this work allow us to conclude that adjuvant‐induced arthritis leads to quantitative changes in some mitochondrial functions and in the sensitivity to nimesulide. Direct evidence that nimesulide acts as an uncoupler was also presented. Since nimesulide was active in liver mitochondria at therapeutic levels, the impairment of energy metabolism could lead to disturbances in the liver responses to inflammation, a fact that should be considered in therapeutic intervention. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multidimensional distributed opinion extraction for sentiment analysis - a novel approach

Social Networks or online surveys play a very important role in understanding the people's opinion. Though online survey responses are not made available for outside world for analysis, Social Network like Facebook, Twitter provide APIs to fetch posts, comments or tweets by users about a person, place or a thing. This paper aims at a Hadoop based novel multidimensional approach in extracting key value pairs based on the reviews written by people on social networks or online survey applications.
Instructional Model for Building Effective Big Data Curricula for Online and Campus Education

This paper presents current results and ongoing work to develop effective educational courses on the Big Data (BD) and Data Intensive Science and Technologies (DIST) that is been done at the University of Amsterdam in cooperation with KPMG and by the Laureate Online Education (online partner of the University of Liverpool). The paper introduces the main Big Data concepts: multicomponent Big Data definition and Big Data Architecture Framework that provide the basis for defining the course structure and Common Body of Knowledge for Data Science and Big Data technology domains. The paper presents details on approach, learning model, and course content for two courses at the Laureate Online Education/University of Liverpool and at the University of Amsterdam. The paper also provides background information about existing initiatives and activities related to information exchange and coordination on developing educational materials and programs on Big Data, Data Science, and Research Data Management.
Gene Selection for Cancer Classification Using Relevance Vector Machine

How to select best gene subset out of thousands of genes in microarray data is important for accurate cancer classification. SVM-RFE is one of the important approaches for gene selection, which combines support vector machine with recursive feature elimination, and the method ranks the genes with recursive procedure. A novel machine learning method called relevance vector machine is proposed by Tipping in 2000, as an alternative and direct competitor to the SVM. In this paper, we propose RVM-RFE method for gene selection by combining RVM and RFE. Compared to the SVM-RFE, the experiments on the real datasets suggest that RVM-RFE can lead to comparable Loocv accuracy and shorter running time; further research suggests that our method is also much better than linear RVM and other popular methods.
Fentanyl inhibits the uptake of [3H]noradrenaline in cultured neuronal cells.

We have examined how fentanyl modulates [3H]noradrenaline uptake in two cultured neuronal cell preparations, the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and the rat phaeochromocytoma PC12. Fentanyl produced a significant, dose-dependent inhibition of [3H]noradrenaline uptake at concentrations in excess of 0.1 mumol litre-1 (P < 0.05) and 0.3 mumol litre-1 (P < 0.05) for PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. However, these values exceed the serum concentration of fentanyl required to produce analgesia. At the maximum concentration examined (100 mumol litre-1), fentanyl produced 85-95% inhibition of uptake. This effect was not antagonized by naloxone, implying a nonopioid mechanism of action. Imipramine 1 mumol litre-1 reduced [3H]noradrenaline uptake by 65-70% but morphine, in contrast to fentanyl, had no effect (P > 0.1).
Simulation of positive point streamer propagation in SF6 and its transient products

A series of cross section data of electron interactions with SF6 has been used to calculate the positive point corona streamer in SF6 by using CMP. The calculated external current during single discharge ion has been divided into three stages of development to reveal the formation and propagation of streamer through the relationships of time and position of detailed electron and ion densities and electric field by simulation. In addition, 1-D and 2-D distribution of some detailed transient and intermediate products during corona are obtained and discussed.
Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) scaffolds: processing, structural characteristics and cellular responses

ABSTRACT The aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) combines good mechanical and thermal properties with biodegradation ability. However, until now, researches in its potential medical use remain limited. Only in a few studies blends of PBAT with routinely used biocompatible polymers had been prepared and investigated regarding tissue engineering applications. Therefore, in this study, we decided to determine processability of neat PBAT as a scaffold material for bone tissue by using different fabrication methods i.e. solvent evaporation, electrospinning, solvent casting-particulate leaching (SCPL) and melt molding-particulate leaching. The results of physicochemical characterizations and cell culture studies with MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts confirmed that neat PBAT has favorable characteristics for bone tissue engineering, however, fabrication method strongly affects the cellular responses. Regarding to the characterizations and cell cultures, PBAT scaffolds produced by SCPL and electrospinning are proposed to be used for bone tissue engineering.
Hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease in Canada: Molecular diagnosis and review of 116 cases

Over the past decade, we have characterized at the DNA level a total of 116 hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease patients living in Canada. The majority of patients were of southeast Asian descent (Chinese, Filipino, Laotian, Vietnamese), with a small number being of Mediterranean, Middle Eastern or East Indian background. A total of 15 distinct genotypes were detected, all but one being compound heterozygotes for a two‐gene cis deletion and a single‐gene deletion (‐α/−) or a non‐deletion mutation of the α2‐globin gene (αT α/−). Seven different two‐gene cis deletions were encountered, along with nine single‐gene deletions and point mutations. The wide range of mutations associated with Hb H disease in Canada is a reflection of the population heterogeneity. The diagnosis of Hb H disease at the molecular level is important with respect to genetic counseling and the identification of families at risk for having pregnancies affected with Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome and/or Hb H disease. Six of the Hb H disease patients in our cohort had spouses who carried single‐gene deletions, making these couples at risk for having children with Hb H disease. More important, seven patients had partners who carried two‐gene cis deletions. These couples are at reproductive risk for both Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome and Hb H disease. Am. J. Hematol. 68:11–15, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chitosan nanoparticles as a drug delivery system

Chitosan is a natural polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin. After cellulose chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature. It is biologically safe,non-toxic,biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide.Chitosan nanoparticles have gained more attention as drug delivery carriers because of their better stability, low toxicity, simple and mild preparation method and providing versatile routes of administration. Their sub-micron size is also suitable for mucosal routes of administration i.e. oral, nasal and ocular mucosa which is non-invasive route.Chitosan nanoparticles showed to be a good adjuvant for vaccine. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to summarize the available preparation techniques and to discuss various applications of chitosan.
The Science of Self, Mind and Body

A relationship among self, mind and body in humans is still not clearly known in philosophy and science because of lack of human data that would enable to objectively explain it. Teachings related to their relationship in religions have been given to humanity in general in terms of subjective words. Consequently, philosophers and scientists have been investigating to find objective proofs related to their relationship. The author proposed a theory in his book (2009) that there are in a human individual two selves, one, the inner self (the true self) and one, the physical self (the false self) that coexist in one individual person. McGonigal (2012) published her book in which she described two minds or two selves in one human individual, naming them “I Will” and “I WANT” self on the basis of extensive studies on adult subjects. More recent researches in neuroscience using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) discovered that the prefrontal cortex of the human brain performs self-control, emotion regulation and guiding behaviors with morality, future goals and rules. The author compared characteristic aspects of the inner and physical selves of Chung with the “I Will” and “I Want” selves of McGonigal. There is a remarkable good agreement between the inner and physical selves of Chung and the “I Will” and “I WANT” selves of McGonigal. The author proposes a theory in this study that the inner and physical selves correspond to the “I WILL” and “I WANT” selves, respectively, and that the inner self, the true self, controls the physical self, the false self, interacting with the prefrontal cortex ofthe human brain.