Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of rapid beta-lactam antibiotic residues detection kits for raw milk

Platform tests are usually simple and rapid quality control tests which serve as a basis for accepting, setting aside or rejecting raw milk. Some of the rapid antibiotic residues test kits available in the Kenyan market include: Delvo test Fast BL, Delvo Sulphadiazine Penicillin No Tablet (SPNT), Mtusbio Betalactam BLQ Rapid Test Kit and Ringbio beta-lactam, tetracycline, sulfa drugs, BTS 3 in 1 TriTest S. Ndungu Antibiotic residues (NAR) is a colour comparison test that is simple, rapid and does not require electric power in its analysis procedure. This study compared these four rapid antibiotics tests with novel NAR test method in terms of sensitivity and specificity. A total of 28 samples were prepared; 8 milk samples without residues were spiked with milk known to have beta-lactam residues while 10 had no residues and 10 had known beta-lactam (benzyl penicillin) residues. The four analysis methods were carried out as described in their technical bulletins and manuals. For the NAR test, 50 mg of its active ingredient was mixed with 3 ml of milk and colour change observations made. The sensitivity and specificity of the NAR test was found to be 66.7 and 100% respectively while for all the other four tests, sensitivity and specificity was established to be 100% for each. The Kappa coefficient was 0.5882 which indicates moderate agreement, between NAR test method and the other test methods, according to Landis-Koch scale. The odds ratio exhibited positive association between the NAR test and the four methods. NAR test is best applicable at the milk collection routes or farm level before bulking for transportation.
Self-interacting dark matter and small-scale gravitational lenses in galaxy clusters

Recently, Meneghetti et al. reported an excess of small-scale gravitational lenses in galaxy clusters. We study its implications for self-interacting dark matter (SIDM), compared with standard cold dark matter (CDM). We design controlled N-body simulations that incorporate observational constraints. The presence of early-type galaxies in cluster substructures can deepen gravitational potential and reduce tidal mass loss. Both scenarios require a relatively high baryon concentration in the substructure to accommodate the lensing measurements, and their tangential caustics are similar. The SIDM substructure can experience gravothermal collapse and produce a steeper density profile than its CDM counterpart, leading to a larger radial galaxy-galaxy strong lensing cross section, although this effect is hard to observe. Our results indicate SIDM can provide a unified explanation to small-scale lenses in galaxy clusters and stellar motions in dwarf galaxies.
Activity dips in FC-cut resonators from interaction with A modes at twice the frequency

The FC-cut historically has been fraught with activity dips. However, interest in its use has been revived in a recent application where acceleration sensitivity has been found to be particularly low for this cut vs. other cuts. An analysis has been done to explore the source of the activity dips. Results for the A, B, and C modes of a 10 MHz, 3/sup rd/ overtone, plano-convex design indicate that the 3/sup rd/ overtone A mode family has slightly complex wavenumber and is in the vicinity of 20 MHz, which is 2/spl times/ the desired 10 MHz operating frequency. Experimental measurements show that the 3/sup rd/ overtone A mode is indeed poorly energy trapped, but has a number of low Q anharmonic modes within a few kHz of 20 MHz. The A mode frequencies have a strong negative temperature coefficient and cross the exact 2/spl times/ relationship with the 10 MHz 3/sup rd/ overtone C mode at several temperatures ranging from 25 to 100/spl deg/C. It was possible to watch activity dips occur on the spectrum analyzer in the 10 MHz 3/sup rd/ overtone C mode signal during cooling or warming as the different 3/sup rd/ overtone A modes moved with temperature through the 2/sup rd/ relationship. Calculations of the anharmonic frequencies with changes in diopter follow experimental data obtained from units with different diopters. The experimental and theoretical data lead to the conclusion that it is possible to choose diopter designs to ensure ovenized crystal oscillators free of activity dips at oven temperatures. However, the results show that it is not practical to expect the FC-cut to operate without activity dips over large temperature ranges such as the warmup of an ovenized oscillator from room temperature. Crystal designers will have to take into consideration that a 2/spl times/ relation between the desired mode and an interfering mode causes activity dips when designing other crystallographic orientations and calculate all three mode families to look for a 2/spl times/ relationship.
Demographics anD survivorship in the european ponD turtle ( Emys orbicularis ) : a 31 – Year stuDY

—Two populations of the European Pond Turtle (Emys orbicularis) separated by a distance of 4 km were studied in the tributaries of the Tordera River in northeast Spain. One population was observed from 1987–2018 (Zone 1) and the other from 2008–2018 (Zone 2). We captured turtles using baited funnel traps and we marked turtles individually. We used capture-recapture and radio-tracking techniques to determine population structure and dispersal movements. The sex ratio favored females in Zone 1 (males/males + females = 0.25) and males in Zone 2 (males/males + females = 0.57). The sex ratio remained stable for 21 y in Zone 1. Using a capture-recapture model, we found a high probability of turtle survival in Zone 1 and 2 (females 0.91–0.92; males 0.84–0.86). The population growth is fundamentally supported by a low adult mortality in both zones. We estimated the adult population size as 148 in Zone 1 and 155 in Zone 2. In Zone 1, we recaptured one female 31 y after being first marked and one male and another four females after 30 y. The recaptured turtles showed an important fidelity to the capture sites, and only 19% of the females and 30% of the males moved between successive recaptures. The mean displacement distances were 0.09 km for females and 0.15 km for males.
A Novel K-Means Clustering Algorithm with a Noise Algorithm for Capturing Urban Hotspots

With the development of cities, urban congestion is nearly an unavoidable problem for almost every large-scale city. Road planning is an effective means to alleviate urban congestion, which is a classical non-deterministic polynomial time (NP) hard problem, and has become an important research hotspot in recent years. A K-means clustering algorithm is an iterative clustering analysis algorithm that has been regarded as an effective means to solve urban road planning problems by scholars for the past several decades; however, it is very difficult to determine the number of clusters and sensitively initialize the center cluster. In order to solve these problems, a novel K-means clustering algorithm based on a noise algorithm is developed to capture urban hotspots in this paper. The noise algorithm is employed to randomly enhance the attribution of data points and output results of clustering by adding noise judgment in order to automatically obtain the number of clusters for the given data and initialize the center cluster. Four unsupervised evaluation indexes, namely, DB, PBM, SC, and SSE, are directly used to evaluate and analyze the clustering results, and a nonparametric Wilcoxon statistical analysis method is employed to verify the distribution states and differences between clustering results. Finally, five taxi GPS datasets from Aracaju (Brazil), San Francisco (USA), Rome (Italy), Chongqing (China), and Beijing (China) are selected to test and verify the effectiveness of the proposed noise K-means clustering algorithm by comparing the algorithm with fuzzy C-means, K-means, and K-means plus approaches. The compared experiment results show that the noise algorithm can reasonably obtain the number of clusters and initialize the center cluster, and the proposed noise K-means clustering algorithm demonstrates better clustering performance and accurately obtains clustering results, as well as effectively capturing urban hotspots.
Analysis of the uncertainty of wind power predictions

Wind power predictions improve the technical and economical integration of large shares of wind energy into the existing electricity supply system. In this work the uncertainty related to short-term predictions of the power output of wind farms is investigated in detail where uncertainty refers to the interval in which deviations between predicted value and real value are likely to occur. The main idea is to assess the prediction uncertainty not only in terms of annual averages and for individual wind farms but to introduce a new situation dependent approach to the uncertainty and, in addition, to analyse the benefits of predicting the aggregated power output of regionally dispersed wind farms. As forecast errors are hardly avoidable this work presents a method of predicting the individual uncertainty of wind power forecasts under consideration of the specific meteorological situation.
ROC analysis of ordered subset expectation maximization and filtered back projection technique for FDG-PET in lung cancer

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the image quality and discriminative ability of FDG-PET images reconstructed by filtered back projection (FBP) and ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) in patients with lung cancer. Thirty-six subjects including normal controls and lung cancer patients underwent whole body PET scan (emission 3 min, transmission 1 min) using a GE Advance scanner after the administration of approximately 370 MBq of FDG. The raw data were then reconstructed by conventional FBP and OSEM. The PET images were interpreted by two observers with random exposure of normal and diseased cases for transverse and coronal sections. The results were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The optimal parameters for reconstructing by OSEM involved 2 iterations and 16 subsets. The image quality of thirty-six subjects including normal controls and lung cancer patients reconstructed by OSEM was generally superior to FBP in terms of visual analysis. Though FBP had poor image quality, it had better image contrast than OSEM. The ROC curve plotted for the identification of lung cancer in coronal sections showed better results than in transverse sections by FBP and OSEM, except for the OSEM result of observer 2. ROC analysis showed that OSEM performed better than conventional FBP in terms of its discriminative ability of lung cancer with FDG PET, although there was no significant difference in the area under the ROC curve (p-value >0.05). The results suggest that the simultaneous use of FBP and OSEM images is helpful for the FDG-PET diagnosis of lung cancer.
Integration of electronic effects into molecular dynamics simulations of collision cascades in silicon from first-principles calculations

The inclusion of sophisticated density-dependent electronic stopping and electron-phonon coupling calculated with ﬁrst-principles methods into molecular dynamics simulations of collision cascades has recently become possible thanks to the development of the so-called EPH (for Electron-PHonon) model. This work aims at employing the EPH model in molecular dynamics simulations of collision cascades in Si. In this context, the electronic stopping power is investigated in Si at low energies with Ehrenfest Dynamics calculations. Also, the parametrization of the EPH model for Si, from ﬁrst-principles Ehrenfest Dynamics simulations to actual molecular dynamics simulations of collision cascades, is performed and detailed. We demonstrate that the EPH model is able to reproduce very closely the density-dependent features of the energy lost to electrons obtained with ab initio calculations. Molecular dynamics collision cascade simulations results obtained in Si using the EPH model and the simpler but widely employed Two Temperature Model (TTM) are compared, showing important discrepancies in the collision cascades results obtained depending on the model employed.
A single-stage power-factor-corrected AC/DC converter

This paper presents a single-stage isolated converter topology designed to achieve a regulated DC output voltage having no low-frequency components and a high-input power factor. The topology is derived from the basic two-switch forward converter, but incorporates an additional transformer winding, inductor and a few diodes. The proposed circuit inherently forces the input current to be discontinuous and AC modulated to achieve high-input power factor. The converter output is operated in discontinuous mode to minimize the bulk capacitor voltage variations when the output load is varied. Analysis of the converter is presented, and performance characteristics are given. Design guidelines to select critical components of the circuit are presented. Experimental results on a 150 W 50 kHz universal input (90-265 V) 54.75 V output AC/DC converter are given which confirm the predicted performance of the proposed topology.
King-Devick Test Performance and Cognitive Dysfunction after Concussion: A Pilot Eye Movement Study

(1) Background: The King-Devick (KD) rapid number naming test is sensitive for concussion diagnosis, with increased test time from baseline as the outcome measure. Eye tracking during KD performance in concussed individuals shows an association between inter-saccadic interval (ISI) (the time between saccades) prolongation and prolonged testing time. This pilot study retrospectively assesses the relation between ISI prolongation during KD testing and cognitive performance in persistently-symptomatic individuals post-concussion. (2) Results: Fourteen participants (median age 34 years; 6 women) with prior neuropsychological assessment and KD testing with eye tracking were included. KD test times (72.6 ± 20.7 s) and median ISI (379.1 ± 199.1 msec) were prolonged compared to published normative values. Greater ISI prolongation was associated with lower scores for processing speed (WAIS-IV Coding, r = 0.72, p = 0.0017), attention/working memory (Trails Making A, r = −0.65, p = 0.006) (Digit Span Forward, r = 0.57, p = −0.017) (Digit Span Backward, r= −0.55, p = 0.021) (Digit Span Total, r = −0.74, p = 0.001), and executive function (Stroop Color Word Interference, r = −0.8, p = 0.0003). (3) Conclusions: This pilot study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that cognitive dysfunction may be associated with prolonged ISI and KD test times in concussion.
A multiline method of network analyzer calibration

The author presents a method for the calibration of network analyzers. The essential feature is the use of multiple, redundant transmission line standards. The additional information provided by the redundant standards is used to minimize the effects of random errors, such as those caused by imperfect connector repeatability. The resulting method exhibits improvements in both accuracy and bandwidth over conventional methods. The basis of the statistical treatment is a linearized error analysis of the TRL (thru-reflect-line) calibration method. The analysis presented is useful in the assessment of calibration accuracy. It also yields results relevant to the choice of standards. >
Discussion on the Reconstruction of the Wenchuan Earthquake-Damaged Ecosystems

The Wenchuan Earthquake of 8.0 magnitude at Richter scale hit large region of Sichuan, China on May 12, 2008. It was a terrible disaster that caused great casualties and serious damages, and largely destroyed natural mountainous ecosystems in the earthquake-hit areas. Since the restoration of those damaged mountainous ecosystems plays an important role in ecological security in this region, it is argued that the reconstruction of those earthquake-damaged ecosystems should be given greater attention before and during the ecological recovery process. Yet, to date, little effort has been made to review and summarize the major unresolved questions relating to the ecosystem recovery after the earthquake. Focusing on the priorities for future research in this subject, based on the study and comparison of literatures we identified and examined four important research questions that need to be addressed, even two years after the earthquake. All these questions need to be resolved before significant progress can be made in habilitating the damaged natural ecosystems, and perhaps more importantly, the results provide very useful information for cost-effective restoration decision making and policy planning for the earthquake-hit areas.
The Effect of Chaotic Laser beam on near field transducers for Heat assisted magnetic recording

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the effects of chaos generated in semiconductor laser with external cavity feedback. Chaotic states of a semiconductor laser with external cavity feedback mirror are generated by varying external feedback strength between 0-3ns-1, which is a function of reflectivity of mirror. To study chaos, Bifurcation, Temporal waveform, and Attractor are used. The results of chaotic states affect near-field. We showed comparisons with stable, periodic, and chaotic states that change the electrical field around 50x50 nm of C-shaped near-field transducer (NFT) by using a semiconductor laser, 830 nm at 50 nanosecond. The effects of chaotic state decrease the electrical field around a near-field transducer. It is very important in the light delivery system designs, which are the components of a heat assisted magnetic recording system Keywords: Chaotic laser beam, Heat assisted magnetic recording, Near-field transducers
GSM and Personal Communications Handbook

From the Publisher: Here is the most comprehensive reference available on GSM applications and services that's intended to build on  not replace  the basic technical information in the authors' original bestseller, An Introduction to GSM. The book provides a close-up look at this hot technology, offers in-depth discussions of the features and services available through GSM, and includes new and more in-depth coverage of applications and implementations of the GSM standard. It also explains how GSM has succeeded in becoming the major digital wireless standard  and addresses both past and future standardization, regulation, and development issues. The book uses non-technical language and unique technical implementation and performance figures to help you: ? Learn how intelligent mobile networks function  and what benefits they provide to users ? Compare PCS to GSM and other competing digital radio systems ? Gain a thorough understanding of state-of-the-art mobile communications services ? Take a look at the technology and techniques used in PCS handsets The book is an up-to-date, single-source guide for engineers, technical managers, and consultants at communications manufacturing and network operating sites who need a technical background on services, features, and implementation  or information on the adoption of GSM and competitive technologies. It is also a valuable source for marketing and sales professionals, university lecturers, and post-graduate students who need to acquire background knowledge of GSM technology or services.
Modelling and dynamic analysing of rectilinear mode of crawling locomotion

In this paper, the main attention is development of dynamical model for a new locomotion pattern, which is inspired by worms and snakes. This mode of advancement, called rectilinear locomotion gait, has some good functions to be performed for a crawling mobile robot, and the most important of them are independence from directional friction and cross-over gaps, which may be in the search route. In this work, first, a simple model of rectilinear locomotion gait is introduced. Then, derivation of motion equation is done, and torques necessary for realising crawling mechanism will be calculated. Also, to confirm that it would achieve a forward motion in practical situation, the robot mechanism is simulated by engineering simulator software.
Repetita Iuvant? A Repeated Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness of an At-Scale Teacher Professional Development Program

A recent stream of literature recognizes the impact of good/poor implementation on the effectiveness of programs. However, implementation is often disregarded in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) because they are run on a small scale. Replicated RCTs, although rare, provide a unique opportunity to study the relevance of implementation for program effectiveness. Evaluating the effectiveness of an at-scale professional development program for lower secondary school math teachers through two repeated RCTs. The program lasts a full school year and provides innovative methods for teaching math. The evaluation was conducted on two cohorts of teachers in the 2009/10 and 2010/11 school years. The program and RCTs were held at scale. Participating teachers and their classes were followed for 3 years. Impact is estimated by comparing the math scores of treatment and control students. The evaluation involved 195 teachers and their 3940 students (first cohort) and 146 teachers and their 2858 students (second cohort). The key outcome is students’ math achievement, measured through standardized assessment. In the first wave, the program did not impact on students’ achievement, while in the second wave, a positive, persistent, and not insignificant effect was found. After excluding other sources of change, different findings across waves are interpreted in the light of improvements in the program implementation, such as enrollment procedure, teacher collaboration, and integration of innovation in daily teaching. Repeated assessment of interventions already at-scale provides the opportunity to better identify and correct sources of weak implementation, potentially improving effectiveness.
ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM OF A ONE-WHEEL CAR MODEL USING FUZZY REASONING AND COMPENSATORS.

This paper is concerned with the construction of an active suspension for a one-wheel car model by using fuzzy reasoning. The experimental model is approximately described by a nonlinear system with two degrees of freedom subject to excitation from a road profile. The active control at the suspension location is designed by using fuzzy reasoning based on single input rule modules, and it is constructed by actuating a pneumatic actuator with dead time. The performance degradation of the active suspension system due to the dead time of the pneumatic actuator is improved by inserting two kinds of compensators. The experimental result shows that the active suspension system with the compensators more improves the control performance than that without compensator.