Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diel variation of molybdenum and iron in marine diazotrophic cyanobacteria

Measurements of Mo:C and Fe :C ratios in cultured cells of two N2‐fixing cyanobacteria, Crocosphaera watsonii strain WH8501 and Trichodesmium erythraeum strain IMS101, agree with estimated metal : carbon ratios based on growth rate and the metal use efficiency of the nitrogenase enzyme. Crocosphaera, a single‐celled nocturnal N2 fixer, showed two‐ to eightfold increases in Mo and Fe cellular concentrations in response to nitrogen fixation activity. Mo required for N2 assimilation can account for almost the entire Mo pool measured in the cells, implying that Crocosphaera synthesizes its entire nitrogenase pool de novo each night. In contrast, cultures of Trichodesmium, a filamentous, diurnal N2‐fixing cyanobacterium, did not show diel variations in Mo or Fe carbon ratios or in cellular metal concentrations. Trichodesmium appears to maintain an internal pool of Mo. In Trichodesmium cultures, Mo concentrations were up to 30% higher than needed to support measured N2 fixation. Trichodesmium colonies collected from the field had Mo:C ratios 10‐fold larger than those measured in culture, far in excess of what is needed to fix N2 at rates normally measured in the field, despite equivalent Fe :C ratios (66 ± 39 [field samples] and 87 ± 64 [cultures] µmol mol−1). The average Fe :C ratio measured in N2‐fixing Crocosphaera (16 ± 11 µmol mol−1) was equivalent to theoretical estimates of Fe demand based on nitrogenase requirements (13 ± 5 µmol mol−1). These results demonstrate the extremely efficient use of Fe by these organisms and provide support for the use of theoretical estimates of Fe :C ratios to calculate biological Fe demand for N2 fixation.
Prolonged QTc Interval in Rat after Long-term High-Intensity Interval Training and Detraining

Long-term exercise induces cardiac remodelling known as exercise-induced ventricle hypertrophy and accompanied by electrical remodelling that can be recorded by ECG. This study aimed at recognizing electrocardiographic changes in rats undergoing long-term high-intensity interval exercise followed by a period of detraining. This study conducted at the Laboratory of the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, FMUI from November 2014-January 2015. Four groups of young adults male wistar rats (100-200gBW) were randomly selected. Group 1 and 2 were assigned as control group for ECG recording on week (4 and 8) and (12 and 16) respectively. Group 3 was given 4 weeks of intensive training, followed by 4 weeks of detraining, while group 4 was given 12 weeks of intensive training followed by 4 weeks of detraining. ECG examination was performed at the end of each period of training or detraining and compared to control group of the same period of age. P wave in the exercising group was significantly increased (pl0.05), PR interval was decreased in group 4 after detraining (pl0.05). QRS amplitude was increased although not significantly different compared to control group. However, a significant persistent prolonged QTc interval was observed in the exercising group (62.76+4.03 ms and 64.24+3.78 ms) compared to control group (48.88+2.15 ms and 47.33+3.43 ms). Detraining did not restore QTc interval (57.81+1.96 ms and 61.16+5.02 ms) vs (48.93+2.40 ms and 48.13+1.66 ms). In conclusion, cardiac remodelling after long-term high intensity interval training causes ventricular hypertrophy with persistent repolarization disturbances after a period of detraining, indicated by an increase in QRS amplitude and a significant prolonged QTc interval.
An illustrated review of bleeding assessment tools and common coagulation tests

Recognizing the complexity of coagulation tests and currently used anticoagulants, we developed this illustrated review on bleeding assessment tools and common coagulation screening tests. Quantitative bleeding assessment tools (BATs) are available to standardize the bleeding history and improve the pretest probability prior to coagulation testing. We describe use of BATs and the principles, indications, and limitations of the prothrombin time (PT)/International Normalized Ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and 50:50 mix. Use of these tests to identify coagulation factor deficiencies, specific and nonspecific inhibitors, coagulopathy of liver disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and commonly used anticoagulant medications are reviewed. Current literature suggests that unnecessary coagulation testing is rampant. The PT and APTT have astoundingly low sensitivity (1.0%‐2.1%) for detection of clinically significant bleeding disorders. Thus, current guidelines recommend against the use of screening PT and APTT in preoperative patients undergoing noncardiac/vascular surgery.
Pulmonary Manifestations in Systemic Sclerosis: Hospital-Based Descriptive Study

Introduction Prevalence of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related organ injury is difficult to estimate as it occurs early in SSc, even though patients are often asymptomatic. As the patients with organ damage have a poor prognosis, all the patients should be carefully evaluated and followed‑up in the initial periods. This facilitates the early identification and initiation of appropriate therapy. This study emphasizes on different clinical manifestations and early predictors of lung involvement by using clinical, radiological, and pulmonary function tests in a tertiary care centre. Materials and methods A total of 53 SSc cases, who satisfied American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2013 criteria, without any overlap syndromes were included in the study. All patients underwent thorough clinical examination along with Modified Rodnan Scoring (MRS) assessment, nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC), chest X-ray (CXR), HRCT thorax, 2D-echocardiography, spirometry and diffusion lung study by carbon monoxide (DLco). Results Out of 53 patients, four were male and 49 were female. Twenty-one patients had limited SSc (lcSSc) and 32 had diffuse SSc (dcSSc). Eighty-three per cent of subjects presented with skin manifestations and 34% with respiratory complaints. Reticulonodular opacities and ground glassing were the predominant radiological abnormalities suggestive of non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) followed by usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Pulmonary hypertension was predominant in patients with lcSSc. Thirty-eight patients had a restrictive pattern of spirometry. Forty-four patients showed deranged DLco, among which two patients showed an isolated decrease in DLco. Thirty-seven patients had abnormal NFC among which dropout pattern was predominant. MRS was significantly correlated with pulmonary involvement by DLco and HRCT. Conclusions SSc can affect the lungs even before developing obvious clinical pulmonary manifestations. DLco and HRCT play a critical role in detecting early lung involvement and predicting the outcomes in SSc. Higher modified Rodnan’s score, which has a significant correlation with DLco and HRCT can be used to predict early visceral involvement in resource-limited settings.
Association between Sleep Deprivation in Caregivers and Risk of Injury among Toddlers: A Propensity Score Analysis

Introduction Unintentional injury remains the leading cause of death in children worldwide. Adequate parental supervision is a crucial strategy for preventing injury. Many factors, such as a large family size, poor socioeconomic status, and the caregiver being a single mother, contribute to unintentional injury in children. In addition, sleep deprivation in caregivers might be associated with injury in children because sleep deprivation causes impaired daytime cognitive function, wake-state instability, and negative moods, thereby impairing caregiver supervision. Therefore, this study determines the association between injury in children and the sleep quality of their primary caregivers. Method This is a retrospective case–control study on unintentional injury in children aged 0 to 4 years who visited the emergency department (case group) and an age- and sex-matched control group. Sleep quality in caregivers was assessed using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between aspects of the PSQI and injury. A propensity score model was used to generate a quasirandomized design. Results This case-control study recruiting 277 injured and 274 noninjured children was conducted in Taiwan. There was no statistically significant difference in child's age and primary caregiver's age between the injured and noninjured groups. The primary outcome, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, was not significantly different between the two groups. The average scores of sleep duration and habitual sleep efficiency in the control group were higher than those in the case group. However, there was no difference between the two groups after adjusting via a propensity score model, including the following potential confounders, child's age, child's sex, number of previous injury, caregiver mental status, caregiver's sex and caregiver's age, and the number of children living together. Conclusion Our study was the first to examine the association between injury in children and the sleep quality of their primary caregivers. We observed that no PSQI component significantly affected the risk of injury among children.
D-dimer as an indicator of prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) stimulates pro-thrombotic changes. This, combined with its tropism for endothelium and lung structures, may explain its association with thrombotic events, reduction of pulmonary gas exchange, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and a composite end-point (intensive care unit, invasive ventilation, death). This study aims to highlight the correlation between elevated D-dimer (an indirect thrombosis marker) and the increased rate of poor prognosis-associated conditions, and to introduce D-dimer-labelled anticoagulant administration as a potentially useful tool to prevent complications and positively influence coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) course. Methods An online database search (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane) was performed between 13 March and 10 April 2020. The most relevant keywords were “D-dimer”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “COVID-19”, “thrombosis” and “ARDS”. Selection was independently conducted by three reviewers. References and previews of accepted articles were evaluated. Data inclusion/extraction inaccuracy was limited by the work of three reviewers. Selection bias reduction was addressed by thoughtfully designing the search protocol. Quality assessment was performed with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The systematic review protocol was not registered because we anticipated the very limited available evidence on the topic and due to the urgency of the study. Results 16 studies were evaluated. Good-quality criteria were reached in 13 out of 16 studies. D-dimer was increased and significantly higher in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls, in COVID-19 patients with severe disease or a composite end-point compared with non-severe disease, in ARDS compared with non-ARDS patients and in deceased ARDS patients compared with ARDS patients who survived (all p<0.001). COVID-19 patients treated with anticoagulants demonstrated lower mortality compared with those not treated (p=0.017). Conclusions Correlations exist between COVID-19 infection, severe elevation of D-dimer levels, and increase in the rate of complications and composite end-point. The appropriateness of early and continuous D-dimer monitoring and labelled anticoagulation as management tools for COVID-19 disease deserves accurate investigation, to prevent complications and reduce interventions. SARS-CoV-2 induces thrombotic changes and intense D-dimer elevation, possibly causing gas exchange reduction, ARDS and a composite end-point (ICU, invasive ventilation, death). Monitoring D-dimer and labelled anticoagulants might improve prognosis. https://bit.ly/3fcYqpx
Gas-phase endstation of electron, ion and coincidence spectroscopies for diluted samples at the FinEstBeAMS beamline of the MAX IV 1.5 GeV storage ring

An overview of the gas-phase endstation with the multi-coincidence setup at the FinEstBeAMS beamline in the MAX IV 1.5 GeV storage ring is presented. A detailed description of the functional design of the endstation together with the data acquisition concept and first test measurements is given.
Clinical efficacy and acceptability of 0.25% flurbiprofen mouthwash after periodontal flap surgery: A double-blinded, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of 0.25% flurbiprofen mouthwash, and to evaluate its effect on the parameters related to patient morbidity and early wound healing after periodontal flap surgery.Material and methods: Thirty-two patients (19 females and 13 males), diagnosed with moderate periodontitis and presenting at least one quadrant scheduled for periodontal flap surgery, were randomly allocated to either the flurbiprofen group or the placebo group. The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and PI and GI were re-evaluated at 30-day follow-up. On postoperative 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days, postoperative pain, discomfort, changes in patientsÂ’ dietary habits, burning sensation and postoperative swelling were analyzed by using a visual analog scale (VAS). At postoperative 7 days, the early wound healing index was assessed clinically. Results: The mean VAS scores exhibiting postoperative pain were significantly lower in flurbiprofen group compared to placebo group at days 1, 7 and 30 (p
Treating coral bleaching as weather: a framework to validate and optimize prediction skill

Few coral reefs remain unscathed by mass bleaching over the past several decades, and much of the coral reef science conducted today relates in some way to the causes, consequences, or recovery pathways of bleaching events. Most studies portray a simple cause and effect relationship between anomalously high summer temperatures and bleaching, which is understandable given that bleaching rarely occurs outside these unusually warm times. However, the statistical skill with which temperature captures bleaching is hampered by many “false alarms”, times when temperatures reached nominal bleaching levels, but bleaching did not occur. While these false alarms are often not included in global bleaching assessments, they offer valuable opportunities to improve predictive skill, and therefore understanding, of coral bleaching events. Here, I show how a statistical framework adopted from weather forecasting can optimize bleaching predictions and validate which environmental factors play a role in bleaching susceptibility. Removing the 1 °C above the maximum monthly mean cutoff in the typical degree heating weeks (DHW) definition, adjusting the DHW window from 12 to 9 weeks, using regional-specific DHW thresholds, and including an El Niño threshold already improves the model skill by 45%. Most importantly, this framework enables hypothesis testing of other factors or metrics that may improve our ability to forecast coral bleaching events.
Improving instrument recognition in polyphonic music through system integration

A method is proposed for instrument recognition in polyphonic music which combines two independent detector systems. A polyphonic musical instrument recognition system using a missing feature approach and an automatic music transcription system based on shift invariant probabilistic latent component analysis that includes instrument assignment. We propose a method to integrate the two systems by fusing the instrument contributions estimated by the first system onto the transcription system in the form of Dirichlet priors. Both systems, as well as the integrated system are evaluated using a dataset of continuous polyphonic music recordings. Detailed results that highlight a clear improvement in the performance of the integrated system are reported for different training conditions.
SPad: a bimanual interaction technique for productivity applications on multi-touch tablets

SPad is a new bimanual interaction technique designed to improve productivity on multi-touch tablets: the user activates quasimodes with the thumb of the non-dominant hand while holding the device with that hand and interacts with the content with the dominant hand. The paper describes the design of SPad and a tablet application that demonstrates how it enables faster, more direct and more powerful interaction without increasing complexity.
Potential for growth of Candidatus 'Accumulibacter phosphatis' in an aerobic shaking culture.

Candidatus 'Accumulibacter phosphatis' ('Accumulibacter') is known as polyphosphate-accumulating organism found in the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) activated sludge processes. 'Accumulibacter' is a yet-to-be isolated bacteria, and the growth of 'Accumulibacter' under aerobic conditions is still unknown. In this study, the potential for growth of 'Accumulibacter' in an aerobic shaking culture was evaluated. Activated sludge samples from a laboratory-scale EBPR reactor were incubated for 48 hours under different conditions (pH, temperature and carbon source), and the multiplication of the 'Accumulibacter' 16S rRNA gene was quantified by using quantitative real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). The gene showed statistically significant increase when the carbon source in the medium was glucose, the initial pH was 10.0 and the temperature was 20 °C (p > 0.05, n=9). Results in this study showed that 'Accumulibacter' most probably has the potential to grow in an aerobic shaking culture. The obtained results are desired to provide a hint for the successful isolation of 'Accumulibacter'.
Detection and Classification of License Plate by Neural Network Classifier

A license plate is alphanumeric rectangular plate. It is fixed on the vehicle and used for identification of the vehicle. Generally, huge numbers of vehicles move-on the road which is the major issue of concern in identifying the vehicle(s) owner, registration place of vehicle, address, etc. The automatic license plate detection is one of the solutions for such kind of problems. There are numerous methodologies available for license plate detection, but certain factors like speed of vehicles, language used on license plate, non-uniform letter effects on license plate, etc. makes the task of recognition difficult. The license plate detection system has many applications like payment of parking fees; toll fee on the highway; traffic monitoring system; border security system; signal system, etc. This research work proposes a novel license plate detection technique with the extension of Sobel mask. In proposed system, first step is acquisition of image. Second step is to detect the vehicle from the acquired image. In third step, segmentation of license plate from vehicle image is done. Finally, neural network classifier is used to classify the vehicle(s) license plate. The proposed system gives promising, robust, and efficient results for license plate detection. Proposed system achieves accuracy of 98% is achieved in detecting the license plate.
Intervalo QT em cães hígidos: qual método de correção para o intervalo QT é mais apropriado na clínica de pequenos animais?

The electrocardiography (ECG) QT interval is influenced by fluctuations in heart rate (HR) what may lead to misinterpretation of its length. Considering that alterations in QT interval length reflect abnormalities of the ventricular repolarisation which predispose to occurrence of arrhythmias, this variable must be properly evaluated. The aim of this work is to determine which method of correcting the QT interval is the most appropriate for dogs regarding different ranges of normal HR (different breeds). Healthy adult dogs (n=130; German Shepherd, Boxer, Pit Bull Terrier, and Poodle) were submitted to ECG examination and QT intervals were determined in triplicates from the bipolar limb II lead and corrected for the effects of HR through the application of three published formulae involving quadratic, cubic or linear regression. The mean corrected QT values (QTc) obtained using the diverse formulae were significantly different (ρ<0.05), while those derived according to the equation QTcV = QT + 0.087(1- RR) were the most consistent (linear regression). QTcV values were strongly correlated (r=0.83) with the QT interval and showed a coefficient of variation of 8.37% and a 95% confidence interval of 0.22-0.23 s. Owing to its simplicity and reliability, the QTcV was considered the most appropriate to be used for the correction of QT interval in dogs.
Design thinking for innovation in offshore ship bridge development

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how innovations in ship bridge design may benefit from design competency in the fields of e.g. industrial design. The Ulstein Bridge Concept (UBC) research project imply that having a strategic focus on design in a conceptual design process in front of a traditional development process has led to a radical, award winning vision of a future offshore ship bridge, acknowledged by the maritime industry of Norway. Through active participation and observation in the project by the author, research findings suggest that applying design based methods and techniques support the overall process of doing innovation in the maritime domain. The conceptual design process is here described in the core activities of domain insight, interpretation, translation, and presentation. The designed externalisations of future design visions also foster the important design discussion among the various disciplines of designers, engineers, management, and users, needed in order to fully understand the requirements for further commercialisation. The conceptual design proposals presented in the UBC project have initiated several patents, ideas for new products ready for launch, and a complete new understanding of how to design for the mariners work environment on a ship bridge.
Short-term Wind Power Forecasting Based on Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks

Accurate short-term wind power prediction can effectively assess the fluctuation characteristics of wind power in the short term in the future, which is important for formulating reasonable scheduling plans, collaboratively solving grid frequency regulation problems and ensuring safe and stable grid operation. Due to the randomness and volatility of wind power timing, existing forecasting methods fail to fully learn the deep relationships implied in nonlinear power data, resulting in lower prediction results. A short-term wind power prediction model based on conditional generative adversarial network is proposed in this paper. The proposed model uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to form the internal structure of the generator and discriminator, takes the wind power influencing factors as conditions, and introduces the characteristic loss function as the loss function of the hidden layer of the discriminator. Then, the generator is trained to generate predicted power data conditional on the power influencing factors through the game of conditional generative adversarial network, so as to achieve short-term wind power prediction. This paper uses data from a centralised wind power station in north-west China to demonstrate the algorithm and compare the prediction results of the proposed model with those of other models to verify that the proposed method can improve the prediction accuracy of short-term wind power while taking into account the generalization ability.