Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cryoconcentrated Blueberry Juice as Functional Ingredient for Preparation of Commercial Confectionary Hydrogels

Hydrogels can absorb and/or retain components in the interstitial spaces due to the 3D cross-linked polymer network, and thus, these matrices can be used in different engineering applications. This study focuses on the physicochemical and textural properties, as well as bioactive compounds and their antioxidant activity stability of commercial hydrogels fortified with cryoconcentrated blueberry juice (CBJ) stored for 35 days. CBJ was added to commercial hydrogels (gelatin gel (GG), aerated gelatin gel (AGG), gummy (GM), and aerated gummy (AGM)). The samples showed a total polyphenol, anthocyanin, and flavonoid content ranging from 230 to 250 mg GAE/100 g, 3.5 to 3.9 mg C3G/100 g, and 120 to 136 mg CEQ/100 g, respectively, and GG and GM showed the lowest bioactive component degradation rate, while AGM presented the highest degradation. GG and GM samples could be stored for up to 21 days without significant changes, while the results indicated ≈15 days for the AGG and AGM samples. Thereby, CBJ offers enormous possibilities to be used as a functional ingredient due to the high nutritional values, and it allows enriching different hydrogel samples, and in turn, the structures of hydrogels protected components during in vitro digestion, enhancing the bioaccessibility after the digestion process.
DDoS Attacks Detection in the IoT Using Deep Gaussian-Bernoulli Restricted Boltzmann Machine

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is generally known as one of the most significant threats to the internet of things (IoT). Current detection technologies of DDoS attacks are not adequate for IoT systems because of the peculiar features of IoT such as resource constraint nodes, specific network architecture, and specific network protocols. Providing adequate DDoS attacks detection systems to IoT, however, becomes a necessity since IoT is ubiquitous. This study hence developed a deep learning-based model for detecting DDoS in IoT, while considering its peculiarities. The proposed deep learning-based model was formulated using a deep Gaussian-Bernoulli restricted Boltzmann machine (DBM) because of its capability to learn high-level features from input following the unsupervised approach and its ability to manage real-time data that is common in the IoT network. Furthermore, the SoftMax regression was used for classification. The accuracy of the proposed model on the network socket layer-knowledge discovery in databases was obtained as 93.52%. The outcome of the study shows that the proposed DBM can eﬃciently detect DDoS attacks in IoT.
New Composite Hydrogel Based on Whey and Gelatin Crosslinked with Copper Sulphate

By-products from the meat and dairy industries are important sources of high biological value proteins. This paper explores possibilities for improving the swelling and integrity of a cross-linked whey and gelatin hydrogel with different amounts of CuSO4 × 5H2O. Overall, swelling tests demonstrate that cross-linked samples show a better hydration capacity and stability in the hydration medium, but different copper concentrations lead to different swelling behavior. At concentrations smaller than 0.39%, the sample lasts for 75 h in a water environment before beginning to disintegrate. At a concentration of copper sulphate higher than 0.55%, the stability of the sample increased substantially. The swelling kinetics has been investigated. The diffusion constant values increased with the increase in copper concentration, but, at the highest concentration of copper (0.86%), its value has decreased. Spectroscopy analyses such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry analyses revealed changes in the secondary and tertiary structure of proteins as a result of the interaction of Cu2+ ions with functional groups of protein chains. In addition to its cross-linking ability, CuSO4 × 5H2O has also shown excellent antibacterial properties over common bacterial strains responsible for food spoilage. The result of this research demonstrates the potential of this hydrogel system as a unique material for food packaging.
Remote Work Efficiency from the Employers’ Perspective—What’s Next?

Remote work has been of interest to managers since the implementation of new information and communication technologies (ICTs). During the initial period, it was treated as an employee’s privilege or even a luxury and as such it was not a popular practice. The COVID-19 pandemic and the intervening period have changed attitudes toward remote work, as it became a necessity for many organisations. However, in connection with its use, many new, previously unknown problems have arisen, such as: the organisation of remote work, the supervision and monitoring of work performance, and employee support. The present research was conducted using a standardised questionnaire computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) method in May–June 2021 on a population of 248 enterprises, divided into micro, small, medium-sized and large entities. The research data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic which, on the one hand, provided an exceptional opportunity to fill in the theoretical gaps that were existing in this field; however, on the other hand, it could be burdened with certain flaws due to the context of the pandemic. An enterprise’s attitude to remote work has a positive influence on the efficiency of the remote work, the control of the remote work and the remote work support, with the strongest impact exerted on the last of the factors mentioned. A better attitude to remote work influences, to the largest degree, an enterprise’s support for performing work from remote locations outside of corporate offices. Among the enterprises that were surveyed, the following were most frequently indicated as elements of such support: additional office equipment provided to an employee, remote work training, and the installation of additional computer programs. Financial support was declared by about 11% of the enterprises and it usually took the form of a remote work allowance or funds to cover the costs of purchasing equipment or paying for the Internet.
A low cost water consumption meter system based on GSM technology

In the water distribution industry, meter reading is an important activity as source of revenue to the water utility company and at the same time it is meant to ensure accurate recording of consumption. Manual water meter reading is still being done in many countries in the world where employees of water companies take the readings from residential and business premises. Water bills are then prepared based on this data. This process is inefficient and costly in terms of man-hours, especially with the increase in residential houses in most of urban areas. The employees of water companies also face some difficulties in accessing some premises especially in the slum areas and hence the meter readings in such areas are estimated. The process of manual meter reading is both cumbersome and inaccurate. Different researchers have used different technologies in order to automate meter reading but very little has been done using the GSM technology. In addition to this, the earlier designs were expensive. In this research a prototype of an automatic water meter reading system has been designed, fabricated and tested. It consists of G1/2 flow sensor, PIC18F4550 microcontroller and its interfacing board, SIM 900 GSM module, solenoid control valve. G1/2 flow sensor has been used for water flow detection, the solenoid control valve has been used to connect or disconnect the water supply and the GSM module has been used for sending short messages on water volume consumption while the entire system is controlled by PIC18F4550 microcontroller. In this design as water flows through flow sensor, the rotor blades rotate generating pulses. The pulses are counted and converted to a volumetric flow using the PIC18F550 microcontroller. The volume of water consumption is displayed on an LCD. The water meter reading is sent automatically to the Water Company as a short message for billing purposes after a specified period. The designed system has been found to be about 98% accurate and is cost effective. It has the potential to automate water meter reading and hence increase efficiency.
After-School Extracurricular Activities Participation and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Early Adolescents: Moderating Effect of Gender and Family Economic Status

Although Western studies showed that participation in extracurricular activities was intimately linked to adolescents’ psychological adjustment, very few studies have addressed this issue among early adolescents in China. Based on a nationally representative sample of 9672 Chinese junior high school students (Mage = 14.54 years, SD = 0.70 years), this study investigated the relationship between participation in different extracurricular activities and depressive symptoms among Chinese early adolescents, and the moderating role of gender and family economic status. Results indicated that time spent completing homework, attending extracurricular tutoring, and playing online games after school was positively related to students’ depressive symptoms, whereas time spent on participating in physical exercise was negatively associated with students’ depressive symptoms. Besides, the relationships between after-school activities participation and student depressive symptoms were moderated by gender and family economic status. The theoretical and practical implications for the arrangement of after-school activities for Chinese early adolescents are discussed.
Triage in Times of COVID-19: A Moral Dilemma

We present evidence from choice experiments on hypothetical triage decisions in a pandemic. Respondents have to decide who out of two patients gets ventilation. Patients are described in terms of attributes such as short-term survival chance, long-term life expectancy, and their current ventilation status. Attributes are derived from the ethical discourse among experts regarding triage guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic and differ in the extent to which they are salient from a utilitarian or deontological perspective. Empirically, we find that although nonexperts agree with experts in prioritizing utilitarian attributes in triage decisions, nonexperts also consider the adherence to the norm of wearing face masks as particularly relevant. Furthermore, our study supports Greene and colleagues’ dual-process model of moral judgment; we find that utilitarian attributes are more decisive for respondents with a greater inclination toward utilitarianism and for respondents with a greater tendency toward reflection.
Child Immigrant Detention: Spokesperson Key Messages, Engineered Frames, and Cultural Rules

Public relations professionals engineer acceptability for policy, such as child immigrant detention, through key messages. Agenda building, engineered frames, and rules theories guide study of spokesperson attributions from 221 articles from January 2017 to October 2019. Findings show attributions to U.S. government spokespersons appeared most in stories. Journalist inquiries were declined at times by spokespersons citing legal and privacy arguments. While all spokespersons addressed the vulnerability of detained children, government spokespersons framed adult immigrant criminality as causing children harm. Opinion polls show government efforts to present child detention as a law-and-order issue appears to clash with cultural rules that value child well-being.
OpenTrack – A Tool for Simulation of Railway Networks

OpenTrack began a few years ago as a research project at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The aim of the project, Object-oriented Modeling in Railways, was to develop a userfriendly tool that would answer questions about railway operations by simulation. One of the tasks OpenTrack supports is calculation of minimum headways (headway calculation), e.g. using the OpenTrack tool Headway Calculator. Based on a number of input parameters, the headway calculator computes the minimum headway between two trains and is able to identify the critical block section. The two trains may vary in type (e.g. intercity, commuter, freight, etc.), route and stopping pattern. The headway calculation works for fixed block (discrete block), moving block and CBTC systems. During the simulation predefined trains run on a railway network according to the timetable and under the constraints of the signaling system. After a simulation run, OpenTrack can analyze and display the resulting data in the form of diagrams, train graphs, occupation diagrams and statistics.
Enabling low-cost automatic water leakage detection: a semi-supervised, autoML-based approach

ABSTRACT An important aspect of proper management of water resources is the reduction of losses in urban water distribution. Water loss is especially challenging in developing countries such as Brazil. The real-time monitoring of the distribution system followed by the application of outlier detection techniques on water flow data has been an effective strategy to reduce loss. However, these solutions require high investments in specialized personnel for building the models and data collection for machine learning. This work presents a semi-supervised application of outlier detection techniques and Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) resources on water flow data from District Metering Areas (DMAs). The system does not require experts for model configuration nor curated data for training. The system aims at reducing implementation and deployment costs related to (i) hiring machine learning experts for model configuration and (ii) curation of data for model training, enabling a low-investment deployment suitable for low-income regions.
The Association Between Adolescents’ Food Literacy, Vegetable and Fruit Consumption, and Other Eating Behaviors

Adolescents’ intake of vegetables and fruits is generally low, and many demonstrate unhealthy eating behaviors. Food literacy may be key to improving adolescents’ nutrition. However, the relationship between food literacy, fruit and vegetable intake, and other healthy eating behaviors remains unclear, as well as how these relationships may differ among boys and girls. This study assessed the relationship between food literacy (including food skills and cooking skills), vegetable and fruit consumption, and other eating behaviors of adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 1,054 students, including 467 boys and 570 girls from five francophone high schools in New Brunswick, Canada. Quantitative data on students’ food and cooking skills, vegetable and fruit consumption, and other eating behaviors were collected with a self-reported questionnaire. Multilevel regressions were used to assess the relationship between food literacy, students’ consumption of vegetables and fruits, and other eating behaviors. Better cooking skills were associated with healthier eating behaviors and greater vegetable and fruit consumption for boys and girls. Better food skills were also associated with healthier eating behaviors and greater vegetable and fruit consumption among both genders. These findings highlight the importance of improving food literacy among adolescents. Public health interventions should focus on increasing cooking and food skills to improve adolescents’ nutrition.
Control of furunculosis by antimicrobial chemotherapy

In vitro activities of six fluoroquinolone antimicrobials, flumequine, sarafloxacin, PD127,391, PD117,596, enrofloxacin andRo 09-1690, against Aeromonas salmonicida, isolated from outbreaks of furunculosis in farmed and wild Atlantic salmon (salmo salar), were evaluated in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), bactericidal activity and the frequency at which mutation to resistance developed to the drugs compared to oxolinic acid, the4-quinolone antibiotic currently licensed for furunculosis therapy in the UK. MICs were also determined for oxytetracycline and the B-lactam amoxycillin. In terms ofMIC, the fluoroquinolones were more active than oxolinic acid with MICs reduced from 2to 500-fold. Furthermore, the fluoroquinolones were bactericidal against both oxolinic acid-resistant and -susceptible isolates ofA.salmonicida whereas oxolinic acidwas notbactericidal against any bacteria tested. In addition to the increased antimicrobial activity, the frequency at which A.salmonicida mutated to resistance to the fluoroquinolones was lower than the frequency for resistance to oxolinic acid. Amoxycillin was active against all the A.salmonicida subsp. salmonicida isolates tested; however, the atypical A.salmonicida subsp. achromogenes isolates were resistant to amoxycillin with MICs in excess of 500mg/l. Ion effects were noted for the quinolones and oxytetracycline. For instance, the presence of 50mM MgCl2 resulted in a 20to 60-fold increase in theMICs of these drugs against the test strains. No ion effect was identified for amoxycillin nor the components of Romet. The quinolones were not affected by inoculum size but their efficacy, in terms ofMIC, was reduced at the lower temperature of 10°C compared to 22°C. Mechanisms of resistance to the fluoroquinolones, oxytetracycline and amoxycillin were investigated. Low levels of resistance to the quinolones and oxytetracycline could be induced with either oxolinic acid or oxytetracycline, with each drug inducing cross resistance to the other. This phenomenon was discovered to result from alterations in outer membrane proteins, specifically the increase in expression of a 42kDa and a decrease
Are Dragons and Tigers Catching Up?

This paper studies the catching up process in per capita income of the so-called Asian Dragons and Tigers. It contributes to the literature in several ways. First, it tests the catching up hypothesis using the longest time span ever considered, from 1870 to 2014. Second, it documents the experiences of these two groups of countries and provides potential explanations for them. Third, by using the Kejriwal and Perron (2010) algorithm, we are able to endogenously estimate multiple structural breaks in the level and the trend of the series without prior knowledge of their integration level. This surpasses technical concerns of previous empirical studies. Fourth, it inquiries into how the Asian financial crisis affected the catching up process among the Dragons and Tigers economies.
Co-Branding and Brand Repositioning Ramayana Sabar Subur: Consequences of Retail Acquisition in the Midst of a Pandemic

Amid the fluctuating Covid-19 pandemic, PT. Ramayana Lestari Sentosa (RALS) took over the Toserba Sabar Subur from PT. Subur Makmur Sentosa. Previously, experts never predicted that the acquisitions would occur in retail because people's purchasing power was so weak during a pandemic. However, a bold step was taken by RALS which opened several outlets of Ramayana Sabar Subur in Tangerang. This research was conducted to explore the managerial’s point of view in calculating the benefits of the local brand of Sabar Subur and to explore the management strategy of RALS in creating a fresher image of Toserba Sabar Subur without causing ambiguity between Sabar Subur and Ramayana. This research was descriptive with a qualitative approach using a case study method. The researcher used in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and literature in collecting the data. The results show that Co-Branding and Brand Repositioning have been implemented by the management of Ramayana Sabar Subur through four stages: fact finding, planning decisions, communication-action, and evaluation, have a positive impact on the image of the new Sabar Subur. However, the sales profit was not as good as the company's image. This is due to two things: (1) Ramayana Sabar Subur's market share tends to be the lower middle class who are vulnerable during a pandemic; (2) a marketing strategy that is still conventional and does not yet have a qualified digital team.
Mitigation of Alkali–Silica Reaction by Hydrated Alumina

Recent trends and forecasts on the availability of fly ash, slag, and lithium admixtures for use in concrete suggest a need to seek reliable alternatives for the mitigation of alkali–silica reaction (ASR). One such option may be aluminum-based admixtures. Past studies have shown that supplementary cementitious materials that contain alumina (Al2O3) are more effective at mitigating ASR than are supplementary cementitious materials purely rich in silica (SiO2). To establish the effectiveness and mechanisms of ASR mitigation by alumina, this research used pure hydrated alumina, Al(OH)3, as a cement replacement. The objectives of the study were to determine if Al(OH)3 can successfully mitigate ASR and to investigate five hypothesized mechanisms by which Al(OH)3 may mitigate ASR. The hypothesized mechanisms are (a) reducing pH and alkalis in concrete pore solution, (b) consuming and reducing portlandite and dissolved calcium in the pore solution, (c) reducing silica dissolution and damage to aggregates at high pH, (d) altering the composition of ASR gel and creating innocuous gels, and (e) reducing water and ion transport by reducing the porosity and pore size of cement paste. The results show that Al(OH)3 can effectively mitigate ASR through mechanisms (a), (b), and primarily (c).
Surveillance Study of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Giant Panda Revealed High Genetic Diversity and Antibiotic Therapy Challenge

Klebsiella pneumoniae is not only a worldwide human pathogen, it also effects wildlife, such as the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), in which it has recently been evidenced to result in diarrhea, organ failure, and even death. A K. pneumoniae investigation was carried out at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in 2018. As part of the investigation, the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, multilocus-sequence typing (MLST), antibiotic resistance profiles (ARPs), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were studied based on all isolates. Fecal samples were collected from 72 A. melanoleuca from May to December 2018, and a total of 90 K. pneumoniae were isolated from 153 fecal samples. The genotyping results showed that the isolates had high diversity, of which 84 clusters were obtained by PFGE and 57 STs by MLST. The overall trend of the similarity of isolates was the first sample period > second sample period > third sample period, which showed the increasement of genome variability of K. pneumoniae. In addition, 90 isolates showed high resistance to ampicillin, rifampicin, and compound sulfamethoxazole. Of the obtained isolates, 50% carried 6~8 ARPs, and the carrying volume increased during three sample periods, in which we found two isolates carrying 12 and 13 ARPs during the third sample period, respectively. Moreover, a total of 65 ARGs were detected (90.28%, 65/72) in 90 K. pneumoniae samples. Almost all bacteria sampled contained 17 ARGs that belonged to the β-lactamase, Multidrug, MGEs, Aminoglycoside, and Tetracycline, which may be the basis of ARPs of K. pneumoniae. Moreover, the types of Multidrug and MGEs had a greater impact on antibiotic susceptivity of K. pneumoniae. Our results showed that K. pneumoniae has a serious risk of transmission in A. melanoleuca and K. pneumoniae had a high possibility of genome diversity and the risk of drugs tolerance under the large antibiotic usage.