Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isothermal evaporation of α-pinene secondary organic aerosol particles formed under low NOx and high NOx conditions

Abstract. Many recent secondary organic aerosol (SOA) studies mainly focus on biogenic SOA particles formed under low NOx conditions and thus are applicable to pristine environments with minor anthropogenic influence. Although interactions between biogenic volatile organic compounds and NOx are important in, for instance, suburban areas, there is still a lack of knowledge about the volatility and processes controlling the evaporation of biogenic SOA particles formed in the presence of high concentrations of NOx. Here we provide detailed insights into the isothermal evaporation of α-pinene SOA particles that were formed under low NOx and high NOx conditions to investigate the evaporation process and the evolution of particle composition during the evaporation in more detail. We coupled Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (FIGAERO-CIMS) measurements of the molecular composition and volatility of the particle phase with isothermal evaporation experiments conducted under a range of relative humidity (RH) conditions from low RH (<7 % RH) to high RH (80 % RH). Very similar changes were observed in particle volatility at any set RH during isothermal evaporation for the α-pinene SOA particles formed under low NOx and high NOx conditions. However, there were distinct differences in the initial composition of the two SOA types, possibly due to the influence of NOx on the RO2 chemistry during SOA formation. Such compositional differences consequently impacted the primary type of aqueous-phase processes in each type of SOA particle in the presence of particulate water.
Towards a Knowledge Graph to Describe and Process Data Defects

—The reliability and trustworthiness of machine learning models depends directly on the data used to train them. Knowledge about data defects that affect machine learning models is most often considered implicitly by data analysts, but usually no centralized data defect management exists. Knowledge graphs are a powerful tool to capture, structure, evolve, and share semantics about data defects. In this paper, we present an ontology to describe data defects and demonstrate its applicability to build a large public or enterprise knowledge graph.
Discussion Papers in Economics Analysing the Research and Teaching Quality Achievement Frontier

The paper analyses the nature of the achievement possibility frontier between research and teaching quality in higher education under a system of quality evaluation by reference to quality grades. It finds several important reasons why the associated feasible set is likely to be non-convex, particularly in the presence of endogenous resource inputs, and hence where the assumptions of the widely used non-parametric frontier performance evaluation technique of Data Envelopment Analysis no longer hold. The paper therefore investigates the use of the alternative Free Disposal Hull technique, and compares the results of deploying these techniques to the performance and efficiency evaluation of UK Departments of Economics. statistical Higher Statistical
Sensitization of Human Carcinoma of Nasopharynx Cells to Doxorubicin and Induction of Apoptosis by Sargassum baccularia Lipophilic Fraction

The pharmaceutical properties of marine bioactive compounds derived from variants of the Sargassum species have long been recognized as important features for medicinal use. However, the molecular mechanisms of their anticancer activities are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the apoptosis-modulating activities of Sargassum baccularia lipophilic fraction (SBL fraction) in human carcinoma of nasopharynx cells (KB cells). Sargassum baccularia was extracted with 95 % ethanol and then fractionated through solvent-solvent partitioning with chloroform: methanol: water. It was found that SBL fraction and doxorubicin (Dox) alone inhibited proliferation in KB cells with IC50 of 85.04 ± 5.28 and 2.0 ± 0.1 μg/ml, respectively. The combined SBL fraction (10 50 μg/ml) and Dox (1 μg/ml) treatment produced greater cytotoxicity associated with the increasing of chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and hypo-diploid cells (DNA < 2n), compared with each SBL fraction and Dox alone. Apoptosis induced by SBL fraction was associated with caspase-3 activation that was attenuated in a caspase-3 inhibitor. Thus, SBL fraction acts as potent sensitizer for doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, and it can be potentially developed into a promising adjuvant therapy for nasopharynx carcinoma.
NOX2/4 INHIBITION IN NB69 DURING ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION

Cerebral stroke has become one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. During an ischemic stroke, oxygen and nutrient deprivation occurs, which combined lead to cell starvation, anoxia, and eventually cell death. However, when blood flow is restored, reperfusion damage occurs resulting in increased cell death through several mechanisms. One of the main reasons behind ischemia/reperfusion damage is oxidative stress due to elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during reperfusion. There are several proteins and processes that are thought to be involved in elevated oxidative stress and the formation of ROS during reperfusion, among which the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family is suggested to be the main contributor of ROS. To examine this hypothesis, in the present work, we inhibited activity of the Nox2 and Nox4 enzymes during ischemia/reperfusion with the Glucox Biotech AB (Sweden) inhibitors M4, M107, and M114 to evaluate whether reducing Nox activity could reduce the ischemia/reperfusion-induced cell death, hence be used as a potential stroke treatment, the cell viability was measured with MTS after ischemia/reperfusion induction and treatment with the Nox substances. We also examined the gene expression levels of the Nox enzymes Nox2 and Nox4 with qPCR after induced ischemia/reperfusion in the neuroblastoma cell line NB69. Our results showed a decrease in Nox4 gene expression after 1h ischemia/8h reperfusion and an increased expression after 1h ischemia/24h reperfusion in NB69 cells. Treatment with M114 resulted in increased cell viability after 2h ischemia/72h reperfusion. However, the toxic effect of ischemia/reperfusion-induced response was found to be inadequate, as indicated by extensive proliferation and lack of cell death. This unfavorable outcome is suggested to be excess of oxygen in medium, metabolization of L-glutamine, and effects of growth factors in the serum used in cell culture medium during the ischemic phase. Therefore, the cell culture protocol was modified to the use of PBS instead of glucose-free medium under serum-free condition comparisons test. for each individual cell viability assay was measured with one-way ANOVA when the data was normally distributed, and a posteriori Tukey test was used for multiple comparisons after one-way ANOVA. Kruskal-Wallis test was used instead of one-way ANOVA when the data was not normally distributed and followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test . One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for compiled analysis between (1) the treatments during the different time points and (2) the same treatment between the different time points. The absolute values were normalized to each plate ’ s respective control cells mean to overcome variations between plates. One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for comparison since the samples were independent and there were more than two parameters at each test which reduces the risk of Type 1 compared to if independent samples t -test would be used for each comparison. Outliers were identified and removed at each individual plate with the ROUT at Q=1%
HOLOMORPHIC CONVEXITY FOR GENERAL FUNCTION ALGEBRAS

Introduction. In previous papers (7; 8), we have investigated certain properties of general function algebras which may be regarded as generalizations or analogues of familiar results in the theory of analytic functions of several complex variables. This investigation is continued and expanded in the present paper. The main results concern a notion of holomorphic convexity for the general situation. We also extend somewhat several of the results obtained in the earlier papers. The setting for our investigations is a "system" [2, 21] consisting of a Hausdorff space 2 and an algebra §1 of complex-valued continuous functions on S. It is always assumed that 21 contains the constant functions and also determines the topology in S. In addition, for the most important results, it is assumed that every continuous homomorphism of 21 onto the complex numbers is given by evaluation at a point of 2. Then [S, 21] is called a "natural system. " The prototype of a natural system is [C, $] , where C is ordinary w-dimensional complex space and 3̂ is the algebra of all polynomials in n complex variables. Important examples are provided by a Stein space with its algebra of holomorphic functions (3, p. 222) and the Gelfand representation of a commutative Banach algebra on its space of maximal ideals (6, 3.1.20). Various properties of natural systems are discussed in §1. Included, for instance, is a notion of Silov boundary for the non-compact case. In §2 a class of "21-holomorphic" functions is defined and some of its properties obtained. These functions are derived from the algebra 21 by a succession of local approximations. The important fact concerning 2ï-holomorphic functions is that they satisfy a local maximum modulus principle. In §3, "2l-holomorphic convexity" for subsets of 2 is defined in terms of the 2l-holomorphic functions, and conditions for certain sets in 2 to be 2ï-holomorphically convex are obtained. For example, let G be an open set in 2 and denote by 0G the algebra of all 21holomorphic functions defined on G. If [2, 21] is natural, then G is 2l-holomorphically convex if and only if the system [G, ÛG] is natural. This contains as a special case the theorem proved in (8). I t also implies a known result for Stein spaces (3, VII, A7). The proof depends on convexity properties of 2I-analytic varieties which were obtained in (7, Theorem 3.2 ). Finally, we show that under suitable countability assumptions an open 2l-holomorphically convex set is
stress granule protein G3BP1 binds viral dsRNA and RIG-I to enhance IFN- β response

The Abstract RIG-I senses viral RNA in the cytosol and initiates host innate immune response by triggering the production of type 1 interferon. A recent RNAi knockdown screen yielded close to hundred host genes whose products affected viral RNA-induced IFN- β production and highlighted the complexity of the antiviral response. The stress granule protein G3BP1, known to arrest mRNA translation, was identified as a regulator of RIG-I-induced IFN- β production. How G3BP1 functions in RIG-I signaling is not known, however. Here, we overexpress G3BP1 with RIG-I in HEK293T cells and found that G3BP1 significantly enhances RIG-I-induced ifn-b mRNA synthesis. More importantly, we demonstrate that G3BP1 binds RIG-I and that this interaction involves the C-terminal RGG domain of G3BP1. Confocal microscopy studies also show G3BP1 co-localization with RIG-I and with infecting biotin-labeled a
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Tit le The impact of age on goal-framing for health messages : The mediat ing effect of interest in health and emot ion regulat ion 著者

Messages to promote health behavior are essential when considering health promotion, disease prevention, and healthy life expectancy. The present study aimed to examine whether (1) positive and negative goal-framing messages affect message memory and behavioral intention differently in younger, middle-aged, and older adults, (2) framing effects are mediated by interest in health (health promotion and disease prevention) and emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), and (3) mediation effects differ between positive and negative frames. Participants (N = 1248) aged 20 to 70 years were divided into positive and negative frame conditions. Framing demonstrated interactive effects on message memory; all age groups showed higher recognition accuracy in the positive than the negative frame. The accuracy of younger adults was higher than that of older adults in the negative frame, while older adults showed higher accuracy than younger adults in the positive frame. Additionally, recognition accuracy was higher in the positive frame, as participants had higher interest in health promotion and used cognitive reappraisal more frequently. Contrariwise, emotion regulation and interest in health promotion did not have significant effects on memory in negative frames. Moreover, regardless of the message valence, age did not influence behavioral intention directly but was mediated by interest in health and emotion regulation, while the older the participants were, the higher their interest in health, resulting in higher intention. For emotion regulation, intention increased with higher reappraisal scores and decreased with increasing suppression. Our results suggest that interest in health and emotion regulation should be considered when examining the relationship between age and goal-framing for health messages.
Exploring the design space for appropriate tactile stimulation for people with dementia living in a care facility

: Tactile stimulation for people in the later stages of dementia is known to be comforting. There are numerous ways of inducing this kind of stimulation. It is debated in literature whether the doll-therapy is in line with person-centered dementia care. In the described project, following the reflective transformative design process, a more dignified design for tactile stimulation is developed. Several iterations took place in close collaboration with a local care facility. Special attention was given to not only design the new object, but also to design an appropriate introduction strategy. Reflections on the process and the outcome are further described; identifying the value of adopting a beginners’ mind and emerging in the context as a designer.
Status of silica in agriculture: A review

Silicon is the second most abundant element in the universe and the second most abundant element on the planet, after oxygen, making about 25 percent of the Earth's crust. Silicon is one of the most useful elements to mankind. Since it exists in the Earth’s crust, many plants can accumulate it in large concentrations, in amounts similar to macronutrients. Despite the abundant benefits in agriculture, Si is generally not considered as an essential plant element. In nature, silicon occurs as the oxide (silica) and as silicates, in which it's used in fertilizers. Plant assimilates silicon through roots as silicic acid. Inside plant, it travels to active growing points, where it complexes with an organic compound in the cell walls and make them stronger. The beneficial effects of Si on plants have been demonstrated by many studies using pots, hydroponic, and field experiments. Silicon enhances growth and yield of all annual and vegetable crops, promotes upright growth (stronger and thicker stems, shorter internodes), prevents lodging, promotes favorable exposure of leaves to light, provides resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases and decrease some abiotic stress as temperatures, salinity, heavy metal and Aluminum toxicity. According to science researches, silicon increase plant’s resistance to many plant diseases such as powdery mildew and also many insect pests. Silicon has positive effect on the biomass yield under deficit irrigation. Plants subjected to draught, treated with silicon, maintained higher stomatal conductivity, relative water content and water potential. It helps leaves become larger and thicker, thus limiting the loss of water through transpiration and reduces water consumption. Silicon shows great influence on the development of plant roots, thus allowing better root resistance in dry soils and its faster growth.
Pantograph Spark Fault Detection using YOLO

Pantograph-catenary is now the dominant form of current collection for modern electric trains because they can be used for higher voltages. Faults in pantograph-catenary systems threaten the operation and safety of railway transportation. They need to be continuously monitored and controlled to maintain safe transport. Pantograph may be damaged as a result of extreme weather conditions which can affect its normal operation, leading to failure of pantograph and overhead contact line systems. Poor contact between pantograph and overhead contact line causes thermal erosion to the wire. When the pantographs are exposed to air, they could deteriorate due to electrochemical reaction with the environment since they are made of metals. Movement of catenary lines and pantograph in high crosswinds has been found to cause the wire to be trapped in the pantograph. There is a serious issue regarding the quality of images generated by pantograph video monitoring system on high-speed railway trains which often shows inconsistencies of catenary faults. The application of traditional image processing and deep learning techniques have been unable to meet the requirements of spark detection. In this paper, a modern deep learning algorithm is proposed to detect sparks in the pantograph. Specifically, the YOLOv3 model is used to counter this problem that traditional image processing algorithms have been unable to. The results on a very large sample of data show the efficiency and real-time performance of the proposed method, which meets the requirements of pantograph spark detection in high-speed railway.
Costal Fibrous Dysplasia: A Proposal of a Managing Diagram based on a Review of the Literature

Background: Fibrous dysplasia is a benign bone tumor with 2 major forms. The monostotic form is characterized by a unique bone localization and the polyostotic form which is characterized by multiple localizations. Clinical and radiological findings are non specific in most cases and the positive diagnosis is based on the microscopic examination of the surgical specimen or the biopsied samples. The management of these tumors remains non consensual. Aim: We targeted to highlight the major recommendations to manage costal fibrous dysplasia based on a review of the literature. Material and Methods: We performed a review of the literature from 1996 to 2013. We focused only on costal tumors. We performed our research on Pub Med, Google and Google scholar. We used the key-words: « fibrous dysplasia, monostotic fibrous dysplasia, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, prognosis, outcome, survival ». Results: 20 articles were retained about 40 costal fibrous dysplasias. Most of them (70%) dealt with monostotic forms. Clinical signs consisted mainly in chest pain. Based on the radiological means, the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia was suspected in only 2 cases. Surgical resection was performed in all cases even in asymptomatic lesions. The diagnosis was retained based on microscopic findings in all cases. A malignant transformation was reported in only one case. Conclusion: The management of costal fibrous dysplasia is dependent on its size and symptomatic character. Lesions superior to 5 cm have to be resected even if non symptomatic. Abstention seems to be possible only in small asymptomatic lesion with a diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia performed on biopsied samples.
Effect of obesity on the expression of the organic anion transporting polypeptide Oatp1a1 in mouse liver

Obesity poses a serious human health risk. Obese patients usually take prescription drugs that require hepatic and renal metabolism and transport, and these patients some-times display different pharmacokinetics of these drugs. As demonstrated in animal studies, metabolic disturbances such as diabetes or obesity can significantly affect renal and hepatic gene expression including xenobiotic transporters. Moreover, reduced renal mass seems to enhance the changes in gene expression. In this study we analyzed the impact of diet-induced obesity and uninephrectomy on renal and hepatic gene expression. mRNA level of OATPs (organic anion transporting polypeptides) and FXR (farnesoid X receptor) target genes were measured in kidneys and livers of female C57/BJ mice. To assess the effect of diet-induced obesity in a state of reduced renal mass, mice underwent uninephrectomy followed by either a normal chow or high-fat diet and were compared with sham-operated control mice. Gene expression analysis was performed using real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). We observed that the hepatic and renal mRNA expression of OATPs is affected mainly by the high-fat diet. Uninephrectomy had no significant impact on renal and hepatic gene expression in this study. Immunohistochemical staining of Oatp1a1 indicates that the decreased mRNA expression was also consistent at the protein level. Additionally, in silico analysis indicates that not only FXR, but also other transcription factors such as PPARα (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha) is directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of OATPs. In summary, the expression of a number of xenobiotic transporters and FXR regulated genes was significantly altered in livers and kidneys of diet-induced obese mice. Because transporter genes are frequently regulated by similar mechanisms in mouse and human, the data from this study suggest that transporter expression in human liver and kidney may be affected by obesity, leading to altered pharmacokinetics and potentially drug-drug interactions.
Rese ar ch Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) Technologies and Reinforcement Look ahead Energy Management

: This paper presents a predictive energy management strategy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) based on velocity prediction and reinforcement learning (RL). The design procedure starts with modeling the parallel HEV as a systematic control-oriented model and defining a cost function. Fuzzy encoding and nearest neighbor approaches are proposed to achieve velocity prediction, and a finite-state Markov chain is exploited to learn transition probabilities of power demand. The significant motivators for shifting to EVs are reducing polluting engine emissions and reducing dependence on costly oil fuels. By the end of 2019, the global stock of EVs crossed the ten million mark. The growing acceptance of EVs is the outcome of several factors: technological advancements, rising storage capacity of traction batteries coupled with their falling cost, increased public charging facilities and Govt. incentives. The two EV technologies currently remain at the top are the battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). This paper gives an overview of various EV technologies, their features, limitations and challenges in their bulk deployment as a replacement to conventional vehicles.
Web-native Video Live Streaming

—The usage of the Web has experienced a vertiginous growth in the last few years. Watching video online has been one major driving force for this growth lately. Until the appearance of the HTML5 agglomerate of (still draft) speciﬁcations, the access and consumption of multimedia content in the Web has not been standardized. Hence, the use of proprietary Web browser plugins ﬂourished as intermediate solution. With the introduction of the HTML5 video element, Web browser plugins are replaced with a standardized alternative. Still, HTML5 video is currently limited in many respects, including the access to only ﬁle-based media. This paper investigates on approaches to develop video live streaming solutions based on available Web standards. Besides a pull-based design based on HTTP, a push-based architecture is introduced, making use of the WebSocket protocol being part of the HTML5 standards family as well. The evaluation results of both conceptual principles emphasize, that push-based approaches have a higher potential of providing resource and cost efﬁcient solutions as their pull-based counterparts.