Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated Connection to Neighborhood Storytelling Network, Education, and Chronic Disease Knowledge Among African Americans and Latinos in Los Angeles

Combining key ideas from the knowledge-gap hypothesis and communication infrastructure theory, the present study aimed to explain the relations among individuals' education, access to community-based communication resources, and knowledge of chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, breast cancer, and prostate cancer) among African Americans and Latinos in Los Angeles. Rather than explore the effect of isolated communication resources, this study explored the effect of an integrated connection to community-based storytellers on chronic disease knowledge. The authors hypothesized that individuals' access to a community-based communication infrastructure for obtaining and sharing information functions as an intervening step in the process where social inequality factors such as education lead to chronic disease knowledge gaps in a local community context. With random samples of African Americans and Latinos in Los Angeles, the authors found that access to community-based communication resources plays a mediating role in the case of breast cancer and diabetes knowledge, but not in hypertension and prostate cancer knowledge. The authors discussed these findings on the basis of communication infrastructure theory and knowledge-gap hypothesis.
Effectiveness of a Mass Media Campaign in Promoting HIV Testing Information Seeking Among African American Women

“Take Charge. Take the Test. ” (TCTT), a media campaign promoting HIV testing among African American women, was piloted in Cleveland and Philadelphia from October 2006 to October 2007. This study assesses TCTT's effectiveness in promoting HIV testing information seeking among target audiences in each pilot city. The authors analyzed data on telephone hotlines promoted by the campaign and the www.hivtest. org Web site to examine trends in hotline calls and testing location searches before, during, and after the campaign. Cleveland hotline data were available from October 1, 2005, through February 28, 2008, for a total of 29 months (N = 126 weeks). Philadelphia hotline data were available from May 1, 2006, through February 28, 2008, for a total of 22 months (N = 96 weeks). The authors assessed the relation between market-level measures of the campaign's advertising activities and trends in hotline call volume and testing location searches. They found a significant relation between measures of TCTT advertising and hotline calls. Specifically, they found that increases in advertising gross ratings points were associated with increases in call volume, controlling for caller demographics and geographic location. The campaign had similar effects on HIV testing location searches. Overall, it appears the campaign generated significant increases in HIV information seeking. Results are consistent with other studies that have evaluated the effects of media campaigns on similar forms of information seeking. This study illustrates useful methods for evaluating campaign effects on information seeking with data on media implementation, hotline calls, and zip code–based searches for testing locations.
The Role of Endorsers, Framing, and Rewards on the Effectiveness of Dietary Supplement Advertisements

This study examined the effects of endorsers, message framing, and rewards on consumers’ responses toward dietary supplement advertisements in terms of ad liking and ad believability, attitude toward the advertisement, attitude toward the brand, and behavioral intention. The results of 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design show that viewers respond differently to different types of endorser, message framing, and rewards. Rewards have moderate influences on consumers’ ad liking when combined with different framed messages and endorsers. Endorsers, message framing, and rewards are interrelated; it is notable that respondents express more ad liking when celebrity endorser, positive framing, and extrinsic reward are used in combination. The authors found that ad liking and ad believability have an effect on attitude toward the advertisement and the brand. In addition, the authors found that (a) attitude toward the advertisement has relations with attitude toward the brand and behavioral intention and (b) attitude toward the brand has a significant influence on behavioral intention. These results can also be useful for marketers with regard to developing and implementing their marketing activities to specific customer segment.
Dynamic Registration of Preablation Imaging With a Catheter Geometry to Guide Ablation in a Swine Model: Validation of Image Integration and Assessment of Catheter Navigation Accuracy

Image Integration with a Catheter Mapping System. Background: Catheter ablation of atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmia involves anatomically based cardiac ablation strategies. CT and MRI images provide the most detailed cardiac anatomy available. Integration of these images into a mapping system should produce detailed and accurate models suitable to guide ablation.
Trends and approaches in lean healthcare

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the existing literature on lean healthcare. It seeks to describe how this concept has being applied and to assess how trends and methods of approach in lean healthcare have evolved over the years.Design/methodology/approach – The paper surveys the applications of lean healthcare in the current literature and classifies over 90 works according to a taxonomy suggested.Findings – Though there seems to exist an agreement about the potential of lean healthcare, it remains a challenge for academics and practitioners to evaluate lean healthcare under a more critical perspective.Practical implications – This work is helpful not only for healthcare practitioners and for researchers in private and public organisations, but also for journal editors and reviewers because it offers ready access to an up to date comprehensive review.Originality/value – Since lean started being applied in healthcare, no effort to provide a complete resource surveying the existing.
Occupational therapy role in disaster management in Bangladesh

Abstract Bangladesh is a country prone to disasters and its role in occupational therapy (OT) is not well recognized. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the OT role in disaster management in Bangladesh. A qualitative study involving interviews with six practicing OTs who had worked in disaster management was undertaken. The interviews were transcribed and data studied for emerging themes, using thematic analysis to code and analyse the data. According to research findings, pre-disaster roles for OT include: risk and resource mapping, improving accessibility for shelters and homes, providing training for sensitivity around disability issues, developing early evacuation plans, and establishing early warning signals for people with disabilities. Preparing the volunteers for rescuing people with disabilities was the main OT role during disaster. In the post disaster stage, roles include: remediation, psychological rehabilitation, vocational training and home modifications. Occupational therapy in disaster management in Bangladesh is practiced in a limited way. The Government should include this service in its national policy for disaster management.
Perceived Colonoscopy Barriers and Facilitators Among Urban African American Patients and Their Medical Residents

African Americans suffer from higher colorectal cancer morbidity and mortality than do Whites, yet have the lowest screening rates. To understand barriers and facilitators to colorectal cancer screening, this study used perceptual mapping (multidimensional scaling) methods to compare patients' perceptions of colonoscopy and general preventive health practices to those of their doctors in a general internal medicine clinic in a large urban hospital. African American patients (n = 102) were surveyed about their own screening beliefs; third-year resident physicians (n = 29) were asked what they perceived their patients believed. The perceptual maps showed significant differences between the patients' and physicians' perceptions of barriers, facilitators, and beliefs about screening. Physicians believed logistical lifestyle issues were the greatest screening barriers for their patients whereas fears of complications, pain, and cancer were the most important barriers perceived by patients. Physicians also underestimated patients' understanding of the benefits and importance of screening, doctors' recommendations, and beliefs that faith in God could facilitate screening. Physicians and patients perceived a doctor's recommendation for screening was an important facilitator. Better understanding of patient perceptions can be used to improve doctor–patient communication and to improve medical resident training by incorporating specific messages tailored for use with African American patients.
Resource discovery and management in computational GRID environments

Corporations are currently using computational GRIDs to improve their operations. Future GRIDs will allow an organization to take advantage of computational GRIDs without having to develop a custom in‐house solution. GRID resource providers (GRPs) make resources available on the GRID so that others may subscribe and use these resources. GRPs will allow companies to make use of a range of resources such as processing power or mass storage. However, simply providing resources is not enough to ensure the success of a computational GRID: Access to these resources must be controlled otherwise computational GRIDs will simply evolve to become a victim of their own success, unable to offer a suitable quality of service (QoS) to any user. The task of providing a standard querying mechanism for computational GRID environments (CGE) has already witnessed considerable work from groups such as the Globus project who have delivered the Metacomputing Directory Service (MDS), which provides a means to query devices attached to the GRID. This paper presents a review of existing resource discovery mechanisms within CGE. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Randomized Trial of Tailored Skin Cancer Prevention for Children: The Project SCAPE Family Study

This study evaluated a tailored intervention to promote sun protection in parents and their children, hypothesizing that the tailored intervention would lead to improved skin cancer prevention behaviors compared to generic materials. Families were recruited through schools and community centers and were included if there was 1 child in Grades 1–3 at moderate to high risk for skin cancer. Participants were randomized into one of two intervention groups: a tailored intervention, in which they received personalized skin cancer education through the mail; or a control group who received generic skin cancer information materials. Before and after intervention, parents completed questionnaires about their and their children's skin cancer risk and prevention knowledge and behaviors. Parents also completed 4-day sun exposure and protection diaries for their child and themselves. Tailored group participants demonstrated significantly greater positive changes in prevention behavior after the intervention, including children's use of sunscreen, shirts, and hats, and parents' use of shade, and skin examinations. Effect sizes were small and perceived benefits and social norms mediated intervention effects. Findings from this study support the efficacy of focusing tailored communications to families in order to change skin cancer prevention practices in young children.
Digital Divide 2.0: The Role of Social Networking Sites in Seeking Health Information Online From a Longitudinal Perspective

Adopting a longitudinal angle, this study analyzed data from the Pew Internet's Health Tracking Survey in 2006, 2008, and 2010 to identify potential communication inequalities in social networking site use. Results showed that with the growing role of social networking site use in predicting people's likelihood of seeking health information online, the socioeconomic and demographic factors that contributed to the disparities in social networking site use could also lead to disparities in seeking health information online. Also, results indicated that people are more likely to seek heath-related information online if they or their close family or friends have a chronic disease situation.
Association between Anthropometric Indices, Plasma Insulin, Lipids and Lipoproteins in Overweight and Obese Nigerians

AIM : The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between excess body weight gain and plasma insulin, lipid profile and anthropometric indices in overweight/obese civil servants urban city dwellers in Nigeria where fast food outlets are fast growing. Study Design: This study was designed to access anthropometric indices, plasma lipid profile and insulin in non diagnosed disease overweight/obese individuals. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Chemical Pathology University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria, between February 2010 and June 2011.
Associations Among Health Literacy, Diabetes Knowledge, and Self-Management Behavior in Adults with Diabetes: Results of a Dutch Cross-Sectional Study

Various studies have examined the association between health literacy and self-management behavior, but few have explored ways through which this occurs. The present study examines to what extent health literacy is associated with diabetes self-management behavior and to what extent diabetes knowledge is a mechanism in this association. The study was based on cross-sectional data retrieved from patient registrations and questionnaires completed in 2010. The sample included 1,714 predominantly type 2 diabetes patients, with a mean age of 67 years. Diabetes self-management was indicated by HbA1c level, glucose self-control and self-reported monitoring of glucose levels, physical activity, and smoking. Multilevel analyses were applied based on multiple imputed data. Lower health literacy was significantly associated with less diabetes knowledge, higher HbA1c level, less self-control of glucose level, and less physical activity. Participants with more diabetes knowledge were less likely to smoke and more likely to control glucose levels. Diabetes knowledge was a mediator in the association between health literacy and glucose self-control and between health literacy and smoking. This study indicates that higher health literacy may contribute to participation in certain self-management activities, in some cases through diabetes knowledge. Diabetes knowledge and health literacy skills may be important targets for interventions promoting diabetes self-management.
Influencing Feelings of Cancer Risk: Direct and Moderator Effects of Affectively Laden Phrases in Risk Communication

Evidence is accumulating for the importance of feelings of risk in explaining cancer preventive behaviors, but best practices for influencing these feelings are limited. This study investigated the direct and moderational influence of affectively laden phrases in cancer risk messages. Two experimental studies were conducted in relation to different cancer-related behaviors—sunbed use (n = 112) and red meat consumption (n = 447)—among student and nonstudent samples. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: (a) a cognitive message using cognitively laden phrases or (b) an affective message using affectively laden phrases. The results revealed that affective phrases did not directly influence feelings of risk in both studies. Evidence for a moderational influence was found in Study 2, suggesting that affective information strengthened the relation between feelings of risk and intention (i.e., participants relied more on their feelings in the decision-making process after exposure to affective information). These findings suggest that solely using affective phrases in risk communication may not be sufficient to directly influence feelings of risk and other methods need to be explored in future research. Moreover, research is needed to replicate our preliminary indications for a moderational influence of affective phrases to advance theory and practice.
Transcription expression and clinical significance of TTF‐1 mRNA in pleural effusion of patients with lung cancer

The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic utility of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF‐1) mRNA in pleural effusions (PEs) of patients with lung cancer, especially primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PPA). Transcription levels of TTF‐1 were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in PEs of patients with lung cancer (56 cases) and with lung benign diseases (44 cases). The expression rate of TTF‐1 mRNA was significantly higher in PEs of patients with lung cancer (73.2%) than with benign lung diseases (0%). In subclasses, the expression rate of TTF‐1 mRNA was obviously higher in PEs of patients with PPA (93.0%) than with metastatic pulmonary adenocarcnoma (0%) and with primary pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (12.5%). When compared with immunocytochemistry and cytology, TTF‐1 mRNA gave the best diagnostic performance in diagnosing PPA: sensitivity of 93.0%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 96.6%, respectively. As a molecular marker of detecting pleural micrometastasis, TTF‐1 mRNA may be helpful to diagnose the cancer cells in PEs of patients with lung caner, especially with PPA. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does Media Use Result in More Active Communicators? Differences Between Native Dutch and Turkish-Dutch Patients in Information-Seeking Behavior and Participation During Consultations With General Practitioners

This study investigates differences between native Dutch and Turkish-Dutch patients with respect to media usage before and patient participation during medical consultations with general practitioners. In addition, the authors assessed the relation between patient participation and communication outcomes. The patients were recruited in the waiting rooms of general practitioners, and 191 patients (117 native Dutch, 74 Turkish-Dutch) completed pre- and postconsultation questionnaires. Of this sample, 120 patients (62.8%; 82 native Dutch, 38 Turkish-Dutch) agreed to have their consultations recorded to measure patient participation. Compared with Turkish-Dutch patients of similar educational levels, results showed that native Dutch patients used different media to search for information, participated to a greater extent during their consultations and were more responsive to their general practitioner. With respect to the Turkish-Dutch patients, media usage was related to increased patient participation, which was correlated with having fewer unfulfilled information needs; however, these relations were not found in the native Dutch patient sample. In conclusion, interventions that enhance participation among ethnic minority patients will better fulfill informational needs when such interventions stimulate information-seeking behavior in that group before a medical consultation.
Use of Commercial Interferon-γ Assays in Immunocompromised Patients for Tuberculosis Diagnosis

We read with interest the recent article by Ferrara and colleagues (1) describing the routine use of QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFTGold) (1, 4) for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. The authors report sensitivity of the tuberculin skin test (TST) as 33.3% and for QFT-Gold as 66.7%. The authors also report a high number of indeterminate results with the QFT-Gold test (23%) related, in particular, to the extent of immunosuppression in the patient groups. This paper (1) opens discussion on some important issues: 1. In a prospective study, we have evaluated the other new blood test for tuberculosis, T-SPOT.TB (Oxford-Immunotec, Oxford, UK), against the TST. T-SPOT.TB enumerates individual activated TB-specific T cells using enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) methodology (3). A total of 500 patients who were referred to the Lombardia Centre for Tuberculosis Control as TB suspects or during routine contact tracing were enrolled. 2. The sensitivity of the TST found in those later confirmed with TB disease was 87.0% (40/46). This is much higher than the 33% sensitivity reported by Ferrara and colleagues, and more consistent with the usual reported sensitivity for the TST (6). Given the unusually low sensitivity found for the TST by Ferrara and coworkers, it would be useful for them to set out any underlying immunosuppression of these patients. In addition, as only 6 of the 11 reported subjects with TBdisease were confirmed by culture, it would be useful for them to set out the basis of diagnosis for the remaining 5. 3. The sensitivity of the T-SPOT.TB test in our population was found to be 95.3%. This is significantly higher than that reported for the QFT-Gold test, and this difference in sensitivity appears to be a consistently emerging observation (2, 3, 5). 4. Comparison of numbers of indeterminate results between QFT-Gold and T-SPOT.TB is also illuminating. In our study, the tested population included a group of 138 immunocompromised hematology patients exposed to an infectious case during their chemotherapy and 32 patients immunosuppressed for other reasons (immunological diseases, cancer, HIV). In this (often severely) immunosuppressed subpopulation, the indeterminate rate for T-SPOT.TB was only 4.7%. The authors conclude that commercial interferontests are suitable for routine diagnosis of TB infection, but the performance of the tests is negatively affected by patients’ immunosuppression. We would caution the authors to the evident methodological and clinical differences between the two new blood tests for TB; our results would suggest that T-SPOT.TB performs successfully even in immunosuppressed patient groups.
The Effect of Message Framing on African American Women’s Intention to Participate in Health-Related Research

This study examined the effect of message framing on African American women’s intention to participate in health-related research and actual registration in ResearchMatch (RM), a disease-neutral, national volunteer research registry. A community-engaged approach was used involving collaboration between an academic medical center and a volunteer service organization formed by professional women of color. A self-administered survey that contained an embedded message framing manipulation was distributed to more than 2,000 African American women attending the 2012 national assembly of The Links, Incorporated. A total of 391 surveys were completed (381 after exclusion: 187 containing the gain-framed message and 194 containing the loss-framed message). The majority (57%) of women expressed favorable intentions to participate in health-related research, and 21% subsequently enrolled in RM. The effect of message framing on intention was moderated by self-efficacy. There was no effect of message framing on RM registration; however, those with high self-efficacy were more than 2 times as likely as those with low self-efficacy to register as a potential study volunteer in RM (odds ratio = 2.62, 95% confidence interval [1.29, 5.33]). This investigation makes theoretical and practical contributions to the field of health communication and informs future strategies to meaningfully and effectively include women and minorities in health-related research.