Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Foreign-Born Status, Gender, and Hispanic Business Ownership Across U.S. Metropolitan Labor Markets

Using the Public Use Microdata Sample from 2006 to 2010 American Community Survey and a hierarchical regression, this study examines how metropolitan-area-level labor market conditions are associated with the propensity of business ownership for the Hispanic labor force in the United States, and how the relationship differs between the foreign born and the native born, and between men and women. Findings from this study suggest that, in addition to personal and household characteristics, metropolitan labor market characteristics such as demographic composition, economic structure, and general labor market strength are important for Hispanic business ownership, contingent on gender and foreign-born status of the individual labor force.
Soil phenolics in a continuously mono‐cropped cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) system and their effects on cucumber seedling growth and soil microbial communities

Phenolic compounds have been implicated as autotoxins of cucumber under mono‐cropping management systems. Inhibition of cucumber growth may result from direct uptake of phenolic compounds or an indirect effect resulting from changes in soil microflora. In the present study we monitored the dynamics of soil phenolics in a continuously mono‐cropped cucumber system and then assessed the effects of these compounds on soil microbial communities. Six phenolic compounds were identified in all soil samples in the continuously mono‐cropping system. Soil total phenolic content increased extensively in the first cropping, but maintained a relatively stable level in the following croppings. Amendments of phenolics at the concentration detected in the soil showed inhibitory effects on cucumber seedling growth and stimulatory effects on soil dehydrogenase activity, soil microbial biomass carbon content and soil bacteria and fungi community sizes. Amendments of phenolics caused shifts in soil microbial community structures and soil bacteria and fungi communities had different responses. Our results suggested that direct phytotoxic effects of phenolics on cucumber probably did not happen in continuous mono‐cropping systems, but they might indirectly influence cucumber performance by changing soil microbial communities.
THE EFFECTS OF WORD-OF-MOUTH MESSAGE ON PURCHASE DECISION IN CREDENCE-BASED SERVICES

Consumer choice decisions in two credence-based serv ices –maternity clinic and kindergartenare examin ed in this study. The study aimed at revealing the extent o which consumer choices in these two areas are i nfluenced by the experiences and communications of other consumers. In other words, it purports to measure the effects of personal communications on customers’ information search and purchase decision process. Secondly, the effective ness of a scale developed to measure the role of active information search in credence-based services is investigated. Thirdly, perceptual homophily, between sender and receiver, and sender characteristics were added to the model in a unique construct.Lastly, this study subjected these two services, based on a judg mental study conducted for classifying services. Fo r obtained data, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysi s were conducted. After that, for obtained construc ts, onfirmatory factor analysis was conducted and by the generated models hypotheses were tested by using structural equation modeling.
Asymmetrical Pulse-Width-Modulated Full-Bridge Secondary Dual Resonance DC–DC Converter

A full-bridge secondary dual-resonant DC–DC converter using the asymmetrical pulse-width modulated (APWM) strategy is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter achieves zero-voltage switching for the power switches and zero-current switching for the rectifier diodes in the whole load range without the help of any auxiliary circuit. Given the use of the APWM strategy, a circulating current that exists in a traditional phase-shift full-bridge converter is eliminated. The voltage stress of secondary rectifier diodes in the proposed converter is also clamped to the output voltage. Thus, the existing voltage oscillation of diodes in traditional PSFB converters is eliminated. This paper presents the circuit configuration of the proposed converter and analyzes its operating principle. Experimental results of a 1 kW 385 V/48 V prototype are presented to verify the analysis results of the proposed converter.
Enlarging Rainfall Area of Tropical Cyclones by Atmospheric Aerosols

The size of a tropical cyclone (TC), measured by the area of either rainfall or wind, is an important indicator for the potential damage by TC. Modeling studies suggested that aerosols tend to enhance rainfall in the outer rainbands, which enlarges the eyewall radius and expands the extent of rainfall area. However, no observational evidence has yet been reported. Using TC rainfall area and aerosol optical depth (AOD) data, we find that aerosols have a distinguishable footprint in the TC size. Other dynamical factors for TC size, such as relative SST and Coriolis parameter, are also quantified and discussed. We show that, on average, TC rainfall size increases 9–20 km for each 0.1 increase of AOD in the western North Pacific. This finding implies that anthropogenic aerosol pollution can increase not only TC rainfall rate, but also TC rainfall area, resulting in potentially more destructive flooding affecting larger areas.
The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description – Part 2: Carbon fluxes and vegetation dynamics

Abstract. The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) is a process-based model that simulates the fluxes of carbon, water, energy and momentum between the land surface and the atmosphere. Many studies have demonstrated the important role of the land surface in the functioning of the Earth System. Different versions of JULES have been employed to quantify the effects on the land carbon sink of climate change, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, changing atmospheric aerosols and tropospheric ozone, and the response of methane emissions from wetlands to climate change. This paper describes the consolidation of these advances in the modelling of carbon fluxes and stores, in both the vegetation and soil, in version 2.2 of JULES. Features include a multi-layer canopy scheme for light interception, including a sunfleck penetration scheme, a coupled scheme of leaf photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, representation of the effects of ozone on leaf physiology, and a description of methane emissions from wetlands. JULES represents the carbon allocation, growth and population dynamics of five plant functional types. The turnover of carbon from living plant tissues is fed into a 4-pool soil carbon model. The process-based descriptions of key ecological processes and trace gas fluxes in JULES mean that this community model is well-suited for use in carbon cycle, climate change and impacts studies, either in standalone mode or as the land component of a coupled Earth system model.
Computational Aerodynamic Analysis of Three-Dimensional Ice Shapes on a NACA 23012 Airfoil

The present study identifies a process for performing computational fluid dynamic calculations of the flow over full three-dimensional (3D) representations of complex ice shapes deposited on aircraft surfaces. Rime and glaze icing geometries formed on a NACA23012 airfoil were obtained during testing in the NASA Glenn Research Center's Icing Research Tunnel (IRT). The ice shape geometries were scanned as a cloud of data points using a 3D laser scanner. The data point clouds were meshed using Geomagic software to create highly accurate models of the ice surface. The surface data was imported into Pointwise grid generation software to create the CFD surface and volume grids. It was determined that generating grids in Pointwise for complex 3D icing geometries was possible using various techniques that depended on the ice shape. Computations of the flow fields over these ice shapes were performed using the NASA National Combustion Code (NCC). Results for a rime ice shape for angle of attack conditions ranging from 0 to 10 degrees and for freestream Mach numbers of 0.10 and 0.18 are presented. For validation of the computational results, comparisons were made to test results from rapid-prototype models of the selected ice accretion shapes, obtained from a separate study in a subsonic wind tunnel at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The computational and experimental results were compared for values of pressure coefficient and lift. Initial results show fairly good agreement for rime ice accretion simulations across the range of conditions examined. The glaze ice results are promising but require some further examination.
Is Liquidity Risk Priced? Theory and Evidence

This study studies a recently proposed measure of liquidity premium (or discount). Specifically, the liquidity premium we utilize is defined as a function of a time discount factor, a relative risk aversion parameter, and the expected return and volatility of the asset, given the risk-free rate. Using U.S. stock market data, our empirical results confirm that the proposed liquidity premium measure is largely comparable to that commonly used in existing studies. Our results also imply that a risk factor based on the liquidity premium measure not only explains cross-sectional stock returns, but also time-series excess returns on portfolios sorted on the commonly used liquidity measure. In addition, our study suggests that better understanding the liquidity risk leads to sustainable trading for investors.
Growth layer patterns in Arctocephalus australis canine teeth: evaluation of techniques for age determination

A total of 75 canine teeth from 27 A. australis (13 males and 14 females) were examined. The animals were found dead from 1977 to 1997 on the coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Growth Layer Groups (GLGs) in each canine were compared and examined for age determination using four techniques. These four techniques were evaluated according to the visible number of GLGs in dentine and cementum (techniques 2, 3 and 4) or external rings (technique 1). Technique 4 (decalcified and stained thin section) was the best technique for age determination in A. australis , as it showed the highest conspicuousness of the growth layers (GLGs and accessory layers) in dentine and cementum (especially in old exemplars with pulp cavity closed). Technique 3 (half-tooth etched in 5% formic acid and rubbed with graphite powder) was selected as second best, and recommended for use in dentine counts up to 10 GLGs in males and 6 GLGs in females. Technique 1 (external rings on canine root) offered easy readings until approximately the seventh ring, beyond which misreadings in age determination occurred. Technique 2 (thick unstained and undecalcified sections) presented limitations for obtaining sections of the same thickness compromising a good reading of the GLGs. This in turn could influence the resolution of the growth layers, as the GLGs reading in dentine and cementum were more difficult in this technique than in technique 4.
Image Segmentation Techniques Applied to Point Clouds of Dental Models with an Improvement in Semi-Automatic Teeth Segmentation

This paper presents an exploratory study on the application of a combination of different segmentation techniques to point clouds of dental models. The techniques are based in geometric primitives (e.g. RANSAC), region growing segmentation and graph theory (particularly the "Min-Cut" algorithm), and were tested using dental 3D point clouds. Data were acquired using a Konica Minolta Vivid 9i laser range scanner. Also, a semi-automatic segmentation methodology is presented. Results of teeth segmentation using testing data suggest that it is possible to automatically segment teeth from digital 3D models.
Functional Characterization of Corpus Luteum and its Association with Peripheral Progesterone Profile at Different Stages of Estrous Cycle in the Buffalo

Corpus luteum (CL) serves as marker to ascertain the stages of cyclicity as well as to diagnose acyclic condition in the farm animals. Accordingly, we studied the cellular components and functional aspects of CL in relation to cyclicity with the buffalo ovaries (n=32) collected from slaughter house. The paired ovary samples (n=8, per stage) were categorized as early luteal (EL, day 1-5), mid luteal (ML, day 6-14) and late luteal (LL, day 15-21) and acyclic stage based on the gross ovarian dating. Histological changes of cellular differentiation of the CL were assessed using H&E staining and progesterone concentration in the luteal extract and peripheral circulation was measured by RIA method. A significantly higher (4.22 fold) proportion of small luteal cells were observed at ML (376.58±11.65) as compared to EL (89.35±5.54) and decreased thereafter in LL (57.40±3.02) stage. However, maximum number of large luteal cells was also found in ML (74.38±2.02) in contrast to EL (15.11±1.86) and LL (22.17±1.68). Further, serum and luteal progesterone was found maximum at ML stage and there was a significant (r=0.998) positive correlation. This study indicates maximum functional activity of CL was at ML stage in the buffalo.
Emerging latent fingerprint technologies: a review

: Information regarding state of the art technology is accessible by searching in a systematic manner, and is the preferred way of keeping up to date. In this review, we present the recent developments in the field of latent fingerprint detection. Recent developments in processing methods including optical, physical, and chemical methods, and sophistical instrumental analytical techniques are presented.
The development and evolutionary origin of barbels in the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae)

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Ecology & Evolutionary Biology at CU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Graduate Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CU Scholar. For more information, please contact cuscholaradmin@colorado.edu. Recommended Citation Hawkins, Michael Brent, "The development and evolutionary origin of barbels in the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae)" (2011). Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Graduate Theses & Dissertations. Paper 13. CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac. uk
Polymer multimode waveguide optical and electronic PCB manufacturing

The paper describes the research in the £1.3 million IeMRC Integrated Optical and Electronic Interconnect PCB Manufacturing (OPCB) Flagship Project in which 8 companies and 3 universities carry out collaborative research and which was formed and is technically led by the author. The consortium's research is aimed at investigating a range of fabrication techniques, some established and some novel, for fabricating polymer multimode waveguides from several polymers, some formulations of which are being developed within the project. The challenge is to develop low cost waveguide manufacturing techniques compatible with commercial PCB manufacturing and to reduce their alignment cost. The project aims to take the first steps in making this hybrid optical waveguide and electrical copper track printed circuit board disruptive technology widely available by establishing and incorporating waveguide design rules into commercial PCB layout software and transferring the technology for fabricating such boards to a commercial PCB manufacturer. To focus the research the project is designing an optical waveguide backplane to tight realistic constraints, using commercial layout software with the new optical design rules, for a demonstrator into which 4 daughter cards are plugged, each carrying an aggregate of 80 Gb/s data so that each waveguide carries 10 Gb/s.
Dynamic Savings Decisions in Agricultural Environments with Incomplete Markets

We develop a methodology for examining savings behavior in rural areas of developing countries that explicitly incorporates the sequential decision process in agriculture. The approach is used to examine the relative importance of alternative forms of savings in the presence and absence of formal financial intermediaries. Our results, based on stage-specific panel data from Pakistan, provide evidence that the presence of financial intermediaries importantly influences the use of formal savings and transfers for income smoothing. We also find that there are significant biases in evaluations of the savings-income relationship that are inattentive to the within-year dynamics of agricultural production.
Progress in quadrupedal trotting with active compliance

Legged robots can provide superior locomotion characteristics in terms of agility and efficiency. Legged platforms can perform both in unstructured environments, where only a number of discrete footholds are possible (disaster sites, construction sites, forests, etc.), and in situations of smooth, continuous support (flats, fields, roads, etc.). Legged animals employ a multitude of gaits to successfully locomote through varying terrains, ranging from slow walking to fast running gaits. In addition, as gaits become more dynamic a set of characteristics that allow for increased energy efficiency and stability/controllability come into play. We are interested in the study of such dynamic gaits for legged systems, focusing on quadrupedal locomotion, with the aim of realizing a range of possible gaits on a physical robot.
Rapid Prototyping of Multi-Functional Battery Energy Storage System Applications

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are starting to play an important role in today’s power distribution networks. They provide a manifold of services for fulfilling demands and requests from diverse stakeholders, such as distribution system operators, energy market operators, aggregators but also end-users. Such services are usually provided by corresponding Energy Management Systems (EMS). This paper analyzes the complexity of the EMS development process resulting from an evolving power utility automation.
D iscovering Lexical Hierarchy from Word Sequences

In his article, Finding Structure in Time, Jeffrey L. Elman (1990) proposed that networks with memory (e.g. Simple Recurrent Network SRN) were able to find interesting structures from temporal sequences. In the simulation Discovering lexical classes from word order, however, the training and testing corpus contains only 2and 3-word sentences, which made his experiment somewhat unrealistic. In this project, I used Emergent software (previously called PDP++) to simulate an SRN, and trained it with more complicated corpora, which contained thatand preposition-clauses and had longer sentence lengths. Besides discovering lexical classes and testing the trained network with a novel untrained noun, I also examined the distribution of hidden activations of each word in different contexts, and found that the network was able to learn to distinguish the syntax roles of each word.
Data Driven Health Monitoring Approach to Extending Small Sats Mission

In the next coming years, the International Space Station (ISS) plans to launch several small-sat missions powered by lithium-ion battery packs. An extended version of such mission requires dependable, energy dense, and durable power sources as well as system health monitoring. Hence a good health estimation framework to increase mission success is absolutely necessary as the devices are subjected to high demand operating conditions. This paper describes a hierarchical architecture which combines data-driven anomaly detection methods with a fine-grained model-based diagnosis and prognostics architecture. At the core of the architecture is a distributed stack of deep neural network that detects and classifies the data traces from nearby satellites based on prior observations. Any identified anomaly is transmitted to the ground, which then uses model-based diagnosis and prognosis framework to make health state estimation. In parallel, periodically the data traces from the satellites are transported to the ground and analyzed using model-based techniques. This data is then used to train the neural networks, which are run from ground systems and periodically updated. The collaborative architecture enables quick data-driven inference on the satellite and more intensive analysis on the ground where often time and power consumption are not constrained. The current work demonstrates implementation of this architecture through an initial battery data set. In the future we propose to apply this framework to other electric and electronic components on-board the small satellites.
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale in Dominican Teachers: Dimensionality, Reliability, and Validity

Work engagement is described by dedication, vigor, and absorption. The most widely used measure of engagement is the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), intended to measure engagement for any occupational group. This research aims to study psychometric properties of the UWES for its use in the Dominican Republic and other Caribbean Spanish-speaking countries. The Composite Reliability Index (CRI) as well as alphas were calculated, indicating good internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out to test its dimensionality. Both tested models showed extremely good fit to the data, which called for model comparison. The three-factor solution was retained as the one showing the best relative fit. However, the three dimensions of the scale were largely correlated, providing evidence for some overlapping. Regarding criterion-related validity, the three factors were correlated as expected with the three dimensions of burnout, working climate, and working conditions.
Doomsday: Predicting Which Node Will Fail When on Supercomputers

Predicting which node will fail and how soon remains a challenge for HPC resilience, yet may pave the way to exploiting proactive remedies before jobs fail. Not only for increasing scalability up to exascale systems but even for contemporary supercomputer architectures does it require substantial efforts to distill anomalous events from noisy raw logs. To this end, we propose a novel phrase extraction mechanism called TBP (time-based phrases) to pin-point node failures, which is unprecedented. Our study, based on real system data and statistical machine learning, demonstrates the feasibility to predict which specific node will fail in Cray systems. TBP achieves no less than 83% recall rates with lead times as high as 2 minutes. This opens up the door for enhancing prediction lead times for supercomputing systems in general, thereby facilitating efficient usage of both computing capacity and power in large scale production systems.
A Brief Survey on Part of Speech Tagging Techniques Used in Punjabi Language and Other Regional Languages

Parts-of-speech (POS) tagging is the basic building block of any Natural Language Processing (NLP) tool. A POS tagger has many applications. POS tagger represents structure and forms of words and phrases of a particular language. Therefore, these can be used in different research fields in NLP. Taggers can be developed using linguistic rules, stochastic models or both . This paper presents a review about different POS taggers developed for different Indian Language. KEYWORDS-Parts-of-speech tagger, Indian languages, HMM technique.