Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review on Phishing Attack Detection Techniques

Phishing attacks capitalize on human errors and target the vulnerabilities formed due to it. Most of the attacks are aimed at stealing private information from users, which spread via different mechanisms. There is no single solution to this problem to effectively nullify all the attacks but multiple techniques have been developed to defend against these attacks. This paper reviews the work on the detection of phishing attacks. In this paper, we aim to study the techniques which mainly detect and help in preventing phishing attacks rather than mitigating them. A general run-through of the most successful techniques for phishing attack detection has been presented here.
Cytogenetic and molecular studies on two faba bean cultivars revealed their difference in their aluminum tolerance

Two cultivars of faba bean (Vicia faba ‘Giza 843’ and ‘Nobaria 3’) that differ in aluminum (Al) tolerance were used to study cytogenetic and genomic alterations under the influence of Al Cl3 (5, 15, and 25 mmol AlCl3) for different periods (6, 12 and 24 h). Under Al treatments, mitotic index in both cultivars decreased and total chromosomal abnormalities increased. The frequencies of micronuclei and chromosomal abnormalities (C-anaphase, metaphase-star chromosomes, breaks, sticky and disturbed chromosomes during metaphase or anaphase) in ‘Giza 843’ were lower than in ‘Nabaria 3’. Increase of the registered cytogenetic events under the influence of Al stress led to increase the detected polymorphism using RAPD and ISSR markers. Application of RAPD primers gave the same value of polymorphism in both faba bean cultivars under Al stress. Polymorphism average of nine ISSR primers of ’Giza 843’ (65.36 %) was lower than that of ‘Nobaria 3’ (71.59 %). Molecular markers, cytogenetic characteristics and seedling growth data indicate that Al tolerance of ‘Giza 843’ was higher than of ‘Nobaria 3’. This work shows that cytogenetic and ISSR techniques could be used efficiently to distinguish between the ability of two faba bean cultivars to tolerate toxic effects of Al.
A Study of EEG Based MI-BCI for Imaginary Vowels and Words

Some people may have congenital or acquired biological or physical disabilities. For individuals in this situation, some positive developments are experienced with the advancement of technology. One of these developments can be considered today as BCI (Brain Computer Interface). BCI systems can be divided into invasive and non-invasive. Different techniques are used to obtain brain activities in non-invasive BCI systems. Some of these techniques are; EEG, ECoG, fNIRS, MEG, PET, MRI. Among these techniques, EEG and fNIRS are often preferred because of their easy applicability compared to other techniques. In this study, EEG-based motor imagery BCI system is used. In this study, an experimental BCI system has been developed in which Turkish vowels that individuals say imaginatively are perceived over the EEG signal. In the methods section of this article, information is given about the experimental environment and techniques used in the study. The results obtained with the designed system are included in the results section. In the conclusion part, a general evaluation of the study is made and improvements that can be made to improve it are emphasized.
KSPM: A Package For Kernel Semi-Parametric Models

Kernel semi-parametric models and their equivalence with linear mixed models provide analysts with the ﬂexibility of machine learning methods and a foundation for inference and tests of hypothesis. These models are not impacted by the number of predictor variables, since the kernel trick transforms them to a kernel matrix whose size only depends on the number of subjects. Hence, methods based on this model are appealing and numerous, however only a few R programs are available and none includes a complete set of features. Here, we present the KSPM package to ﬁt the kernel semi-parametric model and its extensions in a uniﬁed framework. KSPM allows multiple kernels and unlimited interactions in the same model. It also includes predictions, statistical tests, variable selection procedure and graphical tools for diagnostics and interpretation of variable effects. Currently KSPM is implemented for continuous dependent variables but could be extended to binary or survival outcomes.
Chapter 12 : Beyond birth-death models Section 12 . 1 : Capturing variable evolution

As we discovered in Chapter 11, there are times and places where the tree of life has grown more rapidly than others. For example, islands and island-like habitats are sometimes described as hotspots of speciation (Losos and Schluter 2000; Hughes and Eastwood 2006), and diversification rates in such habitats can proceed at an extremely rapid pace. On a broader scale, many studies have shown that speciation rates are elevated and/or extinction rates depressed following mass extinctions (e.g. Sepkoski 1984). Finally, some clades seem to diversity much more rapidly than others. In my corner of the world, the Pacific Northwest of the United States, this variation is best seen in our local amphibians. We have species like the spotted frog and the Pacific tree frog, which represent two very diverse frog lineages with high diversification rates (Ranidae and Hylidae, respectively; Roelants et al. 2007). At the same time, if one drives a bit to the high mountain streams, you can find frogs with tiny tails. These Inland Tailed Frogs are members of Ascaphidae, a genus with only two species, one coastal and one inland. (As an aside, the tail, found only in males, is an intromittent organ used for internal fertilization analogous to a penis, but different! ) These two tailed frog species are the sister group to a small radiation of four species frogs in New Zealand (Leopelmatidae, which have no tails). These two clades together just six species make up the sister clade to all other frogs, nearly 7000 species (Roelants et al. 2007; Jetz and Pyron 2018). We seek to explain patterns like this contrast in the diversity of two groups which decend from a common ancestor and are, thus, the same age.
Nutrient digestibility and balance studies

Sadjad Danesh Mesgaran1 Björn Kuhla1 René Baumont2 Gonzalo Cantalapiedra-Hijar2 Pierre Noziére2 Peter Lund3 David Humphries4 Jan Dijkstra5 Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
Novel Application of Dry Vinasse to Impove Properites of Concrete

The sugar industry in Egypt dates to the beginning at the nineteenth century. The sugar industry waste in Egypt has been used for recycling and used in the fields such as agriculture and industry. Also, some waste has recently been used in the construction fields. In this research, we had been studied the effect of using dry vinasse which is one of the sugar industry waste as additive material to improve hardened concrete properties and concrete durability, by studying the addition of various proportions of dry vinasse between 0.2 to 0.5% of the cement weight of dry vinasse, on cement mixtures 300, 350, 400 Kg/m3 and then pouring concrete into standard cubes (15x15x15cm), beams (10x10x50cm) and cylinders (15x30cm) and curing then by submerging it in water until hardened concrete tests are performed every 28, 90, and 180 days. The durability test was done after 180 days. The cubes are cured in water for 28 days and then immersed in a solution contains 10% sodium sulfate until 180 days (included curing time). The results showed a noticeable improvement in both the compressive strength, flexural and splitting strength of concrete. Likewise, the resistances of concrete to deterioration are improved, after immersing the concrete cubes in sodium sulfate solution. The most favourable dose of dry vinasse found to be 0.4% dose.
Building knowledge graphs of homicide investigation chronologies

Homicide investigations generate large and diverse data in the form of witness interview transcripts, physical evidence, photographs, DNA, etc. Homicide case chronologies are summaries of these data created by investigators that consist of short text-based entries documenting specific steps taken in the investigation. A chronology tracks the evolution of an investigation, including when and how persons involved and items of evidence became part of a case. In this article we discuss a framework for creating knowledge graphs of case chronologies that may aid investigators in analyzing homicide case data and also allow for post hoc analysis of the key features that determine whether a homicide is ultimately solved. Our method consists of 1) performing named entity recognition to determine witnesses, suspects, and detectives from chronology entries 2) using keyword expansion to identify documentary, physical, and forensic evidence in each entry and 3) linking entities and evidence to construct a homicide investigation knowledge graph. We compare the performance of several choices of methodologies for these sub-tasks using homicide investigation chronologies from Los Angeles, California. We then analyze the association between network statistics of the knowledge graphs and homicide solvability.
Cardiac Troponin Measurement in the Critically Ill

ht://jim bm j. 7/JIM . 0000000000239 on 15 D ecem er 215. D ow nladed fom Background: Elevated cardiac troponin (cTn) in the absence of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients. There are no evidence-based interventions that reduce mortality in this group. Objectives: We performed a retrospective investigation of the Veterans Administration Inpatient Evaluation Center database to determine whether drugs used in ACS (β-blockers, aspirin, and statins) are associated with reduced mortality in critically ill patients. Methods: Thirty-daymortalitywas determined for non-ACSpatients admitted to any Veterans Administration Intensive Care Unit between October 1, 2007, and September 30, 2008, adjusted for severity of illness. Troponin assay values were normalized across institutions. Results:Multivariate analyses for 30-day mortality showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.82 for patients with high cTn (P < 0.0001, cTn > 10% coefficient of variation) and 1.18 for intermediate cTn (P = 0.0021, cTn between lowest limit detectable and 10% coefficient of variation) compared with patients with no elevation, adjusting for severity of illness (n = 19,979). Logistic regression models showed that patients with no or intermediate elevations of cTn taking statins within 24 hours of cTn measurement had a lower mortality than patients not taking statins (OR, 0.66; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.53–0.82; P = 0.0003), whereas patients with high cTn had a lower mortality if they were taking β-blockers or aspirin within 24 hours of cTn measurement compared to patients not taking β-blockers or aspirin (β-blockers: OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68–0.94; P = 0.0077; aspirin: OR, 0.81;95% CI, 0.69–0.96; P = 0.0134). Conclusions: This retrospective study confirms an association between elevated troponin and outcomes in critically ill patients without ACS and identifies statins, β-blockers, and aspirin as potential outcome modifiers in a cTn-dependent manner.
New German Highway Infrastructure and the Impacts on Residential Real Estate Prices

Germany’s 1990 reunification necessitated highway connections between an underdeveloped region and a western country. The 2009/2013 German Autobahn highway A38 completion/additions alleviated congestion, enhanced connectivity, and increased pollution/noise. Using German residential real estate price data spanning 2007-2017, we find shorter drive times to the A38 raised prices; and direct proximity lowered prices. Our results exceed connectivity estimates of a German local roads study and some Western European highway studies, due to A38 newly linking the east/west of Germany. Our highway estimates are in the mid-range of German transit studies, implying German transit may impact real estate prices more than highways.
Neural Semantic Parsing for Syntax-Aware Code Generation

I Abstract The task of mapping natural language expressions to logical forms is referred to as semantic parsing. The syntax of logical forms that are based on programming or query languages, such as Python or SQL, is defined by a formal grammar. In this thesis, we present an efficient neural semantic parser that exploits the underlying grammar of logical forms to enforce well-formed expressions. We use an encoder-decoder model for sequence prediction. Syntactically valid programs are guaranteed by means of a bottomup shift-reduce parser, that keeps track of the set of viable tokens at each decoding step. We show that the proposed model outperforms the standard encoder-decoder model across datasets and is competitive with comparable grammar-guided semantic parsing approaches.The task of mapping natural language expressions to logical forms is referred to as semantic parsing. The syntax of logical forms that are based on programming or query languages, such as Python or SQL, is defined by a formal grammar. In this thesis, we present an efficient neural semantic parser that exploits the underlying grammar of logical forms to enforce well-formed expressions. We use an encoder-decoder model for sequence prediction. Syntactically valid programs are guaranteed by means of a bottomup shift-reduce parser, that keeps track of the set of viable tokens at each decoding step. We show that the proposed model outperforms the standard encoder-decoder model across datasets and is competitive with comparable grammar-guided semantic parsing approaches.
Determinants of Performance of Village Government in Early Implementation of Village Law

Decentralization policy in Indonesia has been expanded to the level of the village since 2015. The main purpose of this policy is to improve the performance of village government in providing more effective public service and efforts to poverty alleviation in rural areas. The authors argue that social capital, governance practices, leadership capacity, and resources can be important factors influencing the performance of village government. However, knowledge about to which extent village governments present their actual performance concerning social capital, governance practices, leadership and resources is still not sufficient yet. Using survey data conducted in 2015, this study aims to describe the early state of village government performance and examines links among social capital, governance practices, leadership capacity and resources with village government performance. The survey has selected 10 villages representing upland and lowland areas in Banyumas Regency, Central Java Indonesia. From each village, we choose 30 community leaders to express their opinion on our variables. Data is analyzed by descriptive statistics and ordinal regression since it was an ordinal scale. The result shows that village governments still have a good ability to formulate strategic planning, to realize development outcomes relevant to community needs, to utilize public participation in decision-making stages, to develop community organization capacity and to empower villagers.
The Instrumentalization of Energy and Arms Sales in Russia’s Middle East Policy

The Middle East has been one of the most significant regions within the context of Moscow’s foreign policy orientation. The Geopolitical importance of the region, abundant energy resources and close proximity to the Caucasus borders increase it’s value in the Russian diplomatic agenda. Russia’s foreign policy towards the Middle East inherits some of the Soviet era connections and networks in the region, but also reflects crucial differences from the past in terms of political, economic and commercial parameters. Moscow’s efforts to establish closer ties in the energy field including oil, natural gas and nuclear energy grant an additional dimension to its existing political and economic relations, as well as arms sales and strengthened military cooperation with regional powers. In this respect, state-owned energy and arms giants, Rosoboronexport, Rosatom, Rosneft, Gazprom, and Lukoil emerge as main instruments of Russian policy in the region.
Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms Used for Modeling and Optimization of the Siloxane‐Siloxane Copolymers Synthesis

This paper presents the use of neural networks and genetic algorithms as tools for modeling and optimization applied to a complex polymerization process–synthesis of statistical dimethyl‐methylvinylsiloxane copolymers. A feed forward neural network models the dependence between the conversion of monomers and copolymer composition (output variables) and working conditions (temperature, reaction time, amount of catalyst and initial composition of monomers–input variables). The training and validation data sets are gathered by ring‐opening copolymerization of the octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) with 1,3,5,7‐tetravinyl‐1,3,5,7‐tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4 V), with a cation exchange (styrene‐divinylbenzene copolymer containing sulfonic groups) as a catalyst, in the absence of solvent. This model is included into an optimization procedure based on a scalar objective function and solved with a simple genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm computes the optimal values for the control variables and for the weight coefficients attached to the individual objectives. An inverse neural network modeling, that is the identification of reaction conditions leading to a desired value for copolymer composition, is presented as particular variant of optimization. The genetic algorithm and neural networks prove to be good and accessible tools for solving an optimization problem performed with a multi‐objective scalar function and provide important information for the experimental practice.
54. SUPER-VELOCITY RAILGUNS: THE STRUCTURE OF AN ENERGY AND CURRENT INPUT INTO THE CHANNEL, THE MAGNETIC GEOMETRY OF THE CHANNEL AND THE CURRENT TRANSPORT IN THE ANCHOR AREA

The development of electromagnetic accelerators for a direct launch of small artificial satellites from the Earth surface takes the important place in studies of many experts in various countries. The first spacevelocity (8km/s) for objects of masses of several grams had been reached and exceeded [1] with the help of a railgun. With the increase of a projectile mass and the decrease of a magnitude of acceleration, admissible for the equipment, the length of an accelerating channel must increase many times compared to that of a channel in laboratory facilities (up to 200-1000 meters). Linear current densities in rails can be reduced. The life time of the channel, which in laboratory installations is 3-5 pulses, should become much longer. The paper presents the outcomes of the researches into operation of a large railgun. The velocity limit and small efficiency of energy transformation were taken into account. The last parameter in a laboratory railgun does not exceed 35% for a plasma and 10 15 % for a metal armature. The work has been done under partial financial support of the Russian Fund for Basic Researches (project N 00-0216130). 1. The structure of an electrical part of power supply systems for large railguns The classical circuits of current input into the railgun channel from a breech side [2, 3] are common and differ among themselves by the "degree" of uniformity of a current pulse shape. In this scheme it is necessary to fill the channel by a magnetic field. This is a shortcoming, which has the two sides: 1. unproductive expenditures of an energy, which can not be used for acceleration of a projectile; 2. maintenance of a high potential difference at entire length of the channel during acceleration. In 1982, R. Marshall [4] offered a new scheme with a distributed energy input. Parker [5] tried to optimise the parameters of such a circuit with capacity storage of an energy. However, in the case of large railguns the use of inductive storage of an energy is preferred more. The principal diagram of the electrical circuit for the power supply system is shown on Fig.1. In it, the railgun sections, which finish the acceleration regime, are automatically included into the structure of the segmented inductive power supply. Thus the "transfer" of the magnetic energy into the acceleration zone is carried out not only from the nearest inductive storage, but also from all previous areas of the
View towards Specialization in Physiotherapy among Physiotherapists, Physiotherapy Interns and Physiotherapy Students

Background: Physiotherapy is a developed profession in other countries it is still developing in India and this study is to know about the present status of physiotherapy in India especially Punjab. Objective of the study: To study the view towards specialization in physiotherapy among physiotherapists, physiotherapy interns and physiotherapy final year students in Punjab. According to the results obtained it could be easier to know whether specialization in profession will lead to satisfaction and better future of the professionals. Methods and materials: Verbal introduction of the survey was given after that physiotherapy specialization view questionnaire along with the consent form was given to the physiotherapists, physiotherapy final year students and interns. Data was collected and analyzed and results were obtained. Result: The study shows that 81% of subjects prefer going for specialization in physiotherapy. Conclusion: This study revealed that students come with a positive view to specialize in Physiotherapy. Short Communication View towards Specialization in Physiotherapy among Physiotherapists, Physiotherapy Interns and Physiotherapy Students Michael Kaprail1*, Japinderjit Kaur2, Paramdeep Kaur3, Shilpy Jetly1, and Avni Sarin1 1DAV Institute of physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, India 2Lovely Professional University, India 3Punjabi University, India
CONNFFESSIT Approach for Solving a Two-Dimensional Viscoelastic Fluid Problem

An innovative approach for numerically solving viscoelastic fluid problems, recently introduced to solve a time-dependent one-dimensional problem, is extended to two-dimensional space for a steady-state problem. Referred to as CONNFFESSIT (Calculation of yon-Newtonian Elow: Einite -El ements and Stochastic Simulation Technique), this new approach uses standard finite element techniques for solving the momentum and continuity equations but replaces the integral or differential constitutive equation, traditionally used to compute polymer stresses, with stochastic simulations of polymer dynamics. In CONNFFESSIT, the polymer contribution to the stress tensor is determined from a stochastic Simulation of an ensemble of model polymer molecules from whose configurations the polymer stress can be computed as an ensemble average. The problem considered for testing the CONNFFESSIT approach in two dimensions is the steady flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid in an abrupt 4:l axisymmetric contraction, assuming incompressibility and isothermal conditions. After details of the implementation of the stochastic simulation technique are presented, a comparison is made between the numerical results obtained using the CONNFFESSIT approach and those obtained using the closed-form integral constitutive equation of the Oldroyd-B model. We find excellent agreement in most cases and explain reasons for the sometimes large differences.