Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potentiel de mycorhization des principaux sols cultivés en Martinique et impact de l'utilisation de plantes de service en rotation ou association

La monoculture intensive pratiquee aux Antilles pour la plupart des cultures a fortement contribue a la baisse de la biodiversite dans les agrosystemes. Via le projet d'Ecophyto 2018, la reglementation va obliger les agriculteurs a trouver des alternatives a l'utilisation de pesticides et d'herbicides qui sont aujourd'hui en vigueur. Il est donc necessaire de trouver des solutions concretes permettant de remplacer ces traitements tout en etant plus respectueux de l'environnement. L'objectif de notre etude est l'integration de plantes de service en rotation/association dans les systemes de cultures en Martinique pour la gestion des bioagresseurs et de la fertilite des sols. L'etude preliminaire consiste a mesurer le potentiel de mycorhization de differents sols a l'aide d'un test biologique avec une plante piege connue pour etre facilement mycorhizable. Les sols ont etes choisis dans des conditions agropedoclimatiques contrastees. La plante hote choisie pour la mesure du potentiel de mycorhization est Crotalaria spectabilis. La technique d'analyse utilisee est celle elaboree par Trouvelot (1996). La problematique a laquelle nous avons essaye de repondre est la suivante : Une plante de service peut-elle augmenter de facon significative le potentiel de mycorhization d'un sol de facon durable. Cette problematique a ete developpee au sein de cultures d'ananas. (Resume d'auteur)
Investigating the importance of sustainability information in Product Development and Design

To further improve the sustainability performance of products, a sustainability information framework beyond mere product and process data has been developed. This was done under the assumption that access to and use of such information may increase firm knowledge on sustainability issues as well as firm ability to develop sustainable products, and thus enhance competitiveness by adding value to products beyond functionality, quality, and cost. The present article reports the results from two case studies in the Norwegian furniture industry. Categories of sustainability information which firms find most important and relevant to product development and design has been identified, as well as factors influencing accessibility of such information. Systematically identifying and compiling sustainability information in the way proposed by the framework is suggested useful for developing requirements and specifications, for general decision support, and for generating knowledge that may inspire entirely new product meanings.
Geometric integrators and the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method

This paper surveys in detail the relations between numerical integration and the Hamiltonian (or hybrid) Monte Carlo method (HMC). Since the computational cost of HMC mainly lies in the numerical integrations, these should be performed as efficiently as possible. However, HMC requires methods that have the geometric properties of being volume-preserving and reversible, and this limits the number of integrators that may be used. On the other hand, these geometric properties have important quantitative implications for the integration error, which in turn have an impact on the acceptance rate of the proposal. While at present the velocity Verlet algorithm is the method of choice for good reasons, we argue that Verlet can be improved upon. We also discuss in detail the behaviour of HMC as the dimensionality of the target distribution increases.
A framework for manufacturing execution system deployment in an advanced additive manufacturing process

The deployment of additive manufacturing (AM) processes had a rapid and broad increase in the last years, and the same trend is expected to hold in the near future. A way to better exploit the advantages of such technology is the use of appropriate information tools. However, today there is a lack of software applications devoted to this innovative manufacturing process. To overcome this issue, in the present work the application of manufacturing execution systems (MES), a tool commonly used in traditional manufacturing processes, is extended to AM. Furthermore, a framework for the deployment of shop-floor data, acquired through a monitoring system, in the design phase is presented: hence, MES should cooperate with design for additive manufacturing (DFAM), a set of methods and tools helpful to design a product and its manufacturing process taking into account AM specificities from the early design stages. In order to better understand the advantages of such cooperation, a case study for a proof of concept has been developed: the obtained results are promising, thus an online implementation would be recommended.
Significant Genetic Differentiation among Ten Populations of the Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta along the Coast of China Revealed by a Microsatellite Analysis

northern, middle, and southern coasts of China were estimated using 8 microsatellites. The 10 populations possessed high allelic (Ar = 6.0-7.0) and genetic diversities (Ho = 0.737-0.909 and He = 0.836-0.882) across the 8 microsatellite loci. The FST analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation ( FST = 0.044, p < 0.05) among the 10 populations. Two populations in the middle region significantly differed from the remaining populations (FST = 0.039-0.125, p < 0.05). Moreover, the phylogenetic Neighbor-joining tree analysis showed that the 10 populations were divided into 2 groups: 1 group included populations in the middle region and 2 populations of the northern region, and the other group consisted of populations in the southern region and the remaining ones from the northern region. Potential reasons for the high genetic diversity and significant population differentiation are discussed. Perhaps, there is a cryptic species according to the significantly high genetic divergence among the 10 populations of S. constricta. http://zoolstud.sinica. edu.tw/Journals/51.3/406.pdf
The effects of marketing and market orientation on economical and financial performance in portuguese SME

The market orientation (MO) degree has been studied for scientific and academic community, occupying actually a prominent place at the marketing research field. In a stakeholder’s value creation perspective and in highly competitive environments, the development of a customer and market-oriented culture may represent the frontier to the companies’ survival, specially micro and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper includes the results of an empirical research about marketing, market orientation degree and environmental variables such as competitive intensity and market turbulence as factors that can influence the economic and financial performance of Portuguese micro and small companies located in a rural area. The results indicate that: (a) marketing is seen by these companies as an accessory, not deserving an attention materialized in practical actions that can be considered like strategic, (b) at market orientation level, the market information affects positively some performance indicators, (c) and economical and financial performance is superior in conditions of highly market turbulence and there is a negative relationship between competitive intensity and the companies ratio turnover/total assets.
On the status of location in visual attention

The authors propose a distinction between four issues underlying the debate on the status of location in visual selective attention. Three of them concern the representation within which attention operates. The grouping question focuses on whether or not this representation segments the visual field into perceptual groups. The space-invariance question focuses on whether it describes objects in spatio-topic or in space-invariant coordinates. Finally, the feature-coding question concerns whether or not it contains information about objects' non-spatial features. The last issue focuses on whether or not attention can be guided preattentively towards items possessing certain pre-specified physical properties other than location, and is referred to as the attentional-guidance question. A critical survey of the literature within the proposed framework is presented. Based on its conclusions, the status of location in current research is outlined, and avenues for further research are suggested.
STM measurements on the InAs(110) surface directly compared with surface electronic structure calculations

Ab initio density-functional-theory--local-density-approximation electronic structure calculations are performed for the InAs(110) surface and compared with scanning tunnel microscopy (STM) measurements using the Tersoff-Hamann model. In both, calculations and measurements, we see the same atomic features. At negative and small positive energies, the local density of states is concentrated around the As atom, while at higher positive energies it is centered above the In atom, because of the appearance of the In dangling bond. Moreover, we describe two types of irregular STM images on the InAs(110) surface. First, we measure $dI/dV$ images exhibiting atomic resolution at voltages within the band gap, which, however, still can be understood within the Tersoff-Hamann model as due to a higher-order term. Second, we measure features on the subatomic scale with certain tips at low tip-sample distance, which are most likely caused by elastic interactions between the tip and the surface.
Anthelmintic and Cytotoxic Activities of Two Medicinal Plants: Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya Growing in Bangladesh

The present study was designed to investigate in vitro anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of crude methanolic extract of two plants(Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya) grown in Bangladesh. Evaluation of cytotoxic activity was done using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum showed significant cytotoxic potential (LC50 value of 6.34 μg/ml) among all the fractions comparing with that of standard vincristine sulphate (0.825 μg/ml). Besides, the LC50 values of crude methanolic extract, pet ether and chloroform extracts of Aphanamixis polystachya showed good cytotoxic activities 11, 10.36, and 16.45 µg/ml, respectively. The other study was undertaken to evaluate anthelmintic activity (using Pheretima posthuma model) where piperazine was used as reference standard. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum leaves produced a significant anthelmintic activity in dose dependent manner and the activity of crude extract was comparable with that of standard drugs. Besides, the Aphanamixis polystachya extract revealed moderate anthelmintic activity. Here, the anova testing was done with the P < 0.05. Further studies are suggested to determine the active compounds responsible for the anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of these two plant extracts.
Short-term spectroscopic variability of Plaskett’s star

Context. Plaskett’s star (HD 47129) is a very massive O-star binary in a post Roche-lobe overflow stage. CoRoT observations of this system revealed photometric variability with a number of frequencies. Aims. The aim of this paper is to characterize the variations in spectroscopy and investigate their origin. Methods. To sample its short-term variability, HD 47129 was intensively monitored during two spectroscopic campaigns of six nights each. The spectra were disentangled and Fourier analyses were performed to determine possible periodicities and to investigate the wavelength dependence of the phase constant and the amplitude of the periodicities. Results. Complex line profile variations are observed. Frequencies near 1.65, 0.82, and 0.37 d 1 are detected consistently in the Hei 4471, Heii 4542, and Niii 4510 4518 lines. These frequencies are consistent with those of the strongest signals detected in photometry. The possibilities that these variations stem from pulsations, a recently detected magnetic field or tidal interactions are discussed. Conclusions. Whilst all three scenarios have their strengths, none of them can currently account for all the observed properties of the line profile variations.
Determination of uncertainties for emissivity measurements in the temperature range [200°C - 900°C]

A new test apparatus for the measurement of spectral emissivity of good conductive opaque materials is described. Spectral emissivity is measured in the infrared spectral range (2.5 IJm 14 IJm) lind in the temperature range ( 200°C 900 °C ]. A comprehensive study of uncertainties has been made. Uncertainties of each parameter and influence of each assumption are quantified. The final combined standard uncertainty is calculated by combination of all the uncertainties. The first results of a ()Omparison validate the calculated level of uncertainty.
Impact of land surface conditions on 2004 North American monsoon in GCM experiments

In this study, two sets of six‐member ensemble simulations were performed for the boreal summer of 2004 using the Finite Volume General Circulation model to investigate the sensitivity of the North American monsoon (NAM) system to land surface conditions and further to identify the mechanisms by which land surface processes control the NAM precipitation. The control simulation uses a fully interactive land surface model, whereas the sensitivity experiment uses prescribed land surface fields from the Global Land Data Assimilation System.
Protein Enrichment of Olive Cake Substrate by Solid State Fermentation of Lentinus edodes

Solid-state fermentation technique can be used for protein enrichment of the olive cake substrate (OCS). Among microorganisms, mushrooms, in particular, white-rot fungi belonging to the genus Lentinus is known for its ability to digest the lignin and also the most effective producers of lignocellulosic enzymes. Hence, the objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of Lentinus edodes on protein content of agro by-product namely, olive cake substrate. To do so, solid state fermentation was performed at 25oC in different conditions including various nitrogen sources, inoculum size, fermentation time, and moisture content using glass bottle as bioreactor. Protein extraction was carried out at 4oC. The results obtained show significantly increasing protein content of OCS. HIGHLIGHTS •Solid-state fermentation technique can be used for protein enrichment of the olive cake substrate (OCS). •The nutritional value of olive cake substrate (OCS) was improved upon fungal treatment. • Lentinus edodes fungi enhanced the protein content in experimental OCS.
The CO5 configuration of the 7km Atlantic Margin Model: Large scale biases and sensitivity to forcing, physics options and vertical resolution

We describe the physical model component of the standard Coastal Ocean version 5 configuration (CO5) of the European North West Shelf (NWS). CO5 was developed jointly between the Met Office and the National Oceanography Centre. CO5 is designed with the seamless approach in mind, which allows for modeling of multiple timescales for a variety of applications from short-range ocean forecasting through to climate projections. The configuration constitutes the basis of the latest update 5 to the ocean and data assimilation components of the Met Office’s operational Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) for the NWS. A 30.5 year non-assimilating control hindcast of CO5 was integrated from January 1981 to June 2012. Sensitivity simulations were conducted with reference to the control run. The control run is compared against a previous non-assimilating Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Ocean Modelling System (POLCOMS) hindcast of the NWS. The CO5 control hindcast is shown to have much reduced biases compared to POLCOMS. Emphasis in the system description is weighted to 10 updates in CO5 over previous versions. Updates include an increase in vertical resolution, a new vertical coordinate stretching function, the replacement of climatological riverine sources with the pan-European hydrological model E-HYPE, a new Baltic boundary condition and switching from directly imposed atmospheric model boundary fluxes to calculating the fluxes within the model using bulk formula. Sensitivity tests of the updates are detailed with a view to attributing observed changes in the new system from the previous system and suggesting future directions of research to further improve the system. 15
Role of entF Gene in Iron Acquisition by Brucella abortus 2308

Brucella causes undulant fever in humans and uterine and systemic infection leading to abortions in domestic animals and wild life. For the acquisition of iron in mammalian hosts, species of Brucella are known to produce two siderophores, 2, 3-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2, 3DHBA) and brucebactin. Inability to synthesize of 2, 3-DHBA affects the ability of pathogen to metabolize erythritol, replicate in trophoblast cells and cause abortion in pregnant ruminant host. The entF gene has been implicated in the unresolved pathway allowing brucebactin biosynthesis in Brucella. The research effort presented in this thesis tries to relate the role of entF in iron acquisition and potential relation with erythritol metabolism by wild type B. abortus 2308. An entF deletion mutant (BAN1) of B. abortus 2308, generated using cre-lox methodology was found to be growth inhibited in iron minimal media compared to wild type strain. Growth inhibition was further enhanced with the addition of an iron chelator or 0.1% erythritol. Compared to wild type strain, no growth inhibition of BAN1 mutant was found in murine J774A.1 macrophages, which suggests that Brucella could acquire iron inside mammalian cells. The entF gene complemented mutant strains of BAN1 (BAN2A and BAN2B) were found to be intermediate in their ability to grow in iron minimal media supplemented with 0.0. 05% erythritol, when compared to wild type and BAN1 strain. The results from the present thesis demonstrate that entF gene plays an important role in iron acquisition and erythritol metabolism by B. abortus 2308 under iron limiting conditions.
Monitoring Telluric Absorption with CAMAL

Ground-based astronomical observations may be limited by telluric water vapor absorption, which is highly variable in time and significantly complicates both spectroscopy and photometry in the near-infrared (NIR). To achieve the sensitivity required to detect Earth-sized exoplanets in the NIR, simultaneous monitoring of precipitable water vapor (PWV) becomes necessary to mitigate the impact of variable telluric lines on radial velocity measurements and transit light curves. To address this issue, we present the Camera for the Automatic Monitoring of Atmospheric Lines (CAMAL), a stand-alone, inexpensive six-inch aperture telescope dedicated to measuring PWV at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins. CAMAL utilizes three narrowband NIR filters to trace the amount of atmospheric water vapor affecting simultaneous observations with the MINiature Exoplanet Radial Velocity Array (MINERVA) and MINERVA-Red telescopes. Here, we present the current design of CAMAL, discuss our data analysis methods, and show results from 11 nights of PWV measurements taken with CAMAL. For seven nights of data we have independent PWV measurements extracted from high-resolution stellar spectra taken with the Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrometer (TRES) also located on Mount Hopkins. We use the TRES spectra to calibrate the CAMAL absolute PWV scale. Comparisons between CAMAL and TRES PWV estimates show excellent agreement, matching to within 1 mm over a 10 mm range in PWV. Analysis of CAMAL’s photometric precision propagates to PWV measurements precise to better than 0.5 mm in dry (PWV < 4 mm) conditions. We also find that CAMAL-derived PWVs are highly correlated with those from a GPS-based water vapor monitor located approximately 90 km away at Kitt Peak National Observatory, with a root mean square PWV difference of 0.8 mm.
Evolving Context and Maturing Science: Aquaculture-Based Enhancement and Restoration Enter the Marine Fisheries Management Toolbox

Aquaculture-based enhancement of marine fisheries includes sea ranching, stock enhancement, and restocking. A rapidly evolving context and maturing science base have effectively put these approaches into the fisheries management toolbox. Among the contextual factors are (1) a rapid expansion of captive breeding and domestication to new marine species, (2) fisheries governance systems that address the common dilemma, and (3) global environmental change impacts on coastal fisheries that increasingly call for active approaches to maintaining or increasing fisheries yields and ecosystem services. The science base of marine restocking, stock enhancement, and sea ranching continues to advance rapidly and has now reached a point where it is becoming possible to assess the likely contribution of such approaches to fisheries management goals prior to major investments being undertaken and to design enhancement programs effectively and responsibly where good potential is judged to exist. This signifies an important transition of marine fisheries enhancement from an exploratory, research-oriented endeavor to a tool in the fisheries management tool box.
DURAND, DAVID. Risk Elements in Consumer Instalment Financing. Pp. xx, 163. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1941. $2.00

William Allen White and Governor Allen, while interesting, seems completely irrelevant and unnecessary. The book generally would have been greatly improved had the author documented it with primary sources and cited the cases used. Only in Chapter VIII does he do this. The author has made valuable contributions in that he has pointed out how political influences and pressure tended to destroy public confidence and finally contributed to the complete collapse of the court. Also, he has assembled much interesting material that is not generally known and would be hard to obtain by a student outside of Kansas. THOMAS RUSSELL FISHER
The Intraday Behavior of Information Misreaction across Investor Categories in the Taiwan Options Market

Following the analysis framework of Poteshman (2001), we use a unique dataset including the complete history of all transactions in the Taiwan options market to investigate the patterns of investor misreaction from the marketwise observations and the transactions of four different investor categories. Overall, investors initiate their reaction to unexpected information from short-horizon options and then adjust their positions in long-horizon options with a certain degree of delay because of the liquidity concern. Both of short- and long-horizon reactions are insufficient. Although investor misreaction tends to increase in the quantity of previous similar unexpected shocks, the misreaction to the current unexpected shocks still dominates the effect of increasing misreaction. The comparison for alternative investor categories shows that foreign institutional investors have the lowest degree of misreaction and institutional investors correct their misreaction more promptly.
AN INNOVATIVE METHOD TO ASSESS SOLUTIONS FOR INTEGRATING RENEWABLE GENERATION INTO DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS OVER MULTI-YEAR HORIZONS

This paper presents an innovative method that allows assessing various solutions to integrate renewable energy sources into distribution networks over multi-year horizons. Especially, this method considers a simulator of investment decisions, which applies the studied planning rules to the considered network over multi-year scenarios. The proposed method is illustrated on a case study built from realistic data to analyze current French planning rules over 10-year scenarios.