Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
(rhCG) in assisted of a clinical trial comparing two for induction of final maturation in in vitro Steril

570 (single 500 μg dose of rHCG) may lead to a higher rate of OHSS compared with a 250 μg dose, with no significant improvement in pregnancy rate. As both safety and efficacy are required for any medication, the dose of 250 μg seems the dose of choice for triggering ovulation. ’ While we agree that a dose of 250 μg is sufficient to achieve ovulation trigger for the majority, we have some reservations in condemning the use of 500 μg rHCG completely. We have recently published a randomized controlled trial which further confirmed the equivalence of 250 μg and 500 μg rHCG on inducing final oocyte maturity (Chan et al., 2005). In our study, the incidence of mild to moderate OHSS was less in the 500 μg rHCG group (7%), when compared to the 13% in the 250 μg rHCG group, although the difference was not statistically significant. We have deliberately excluded patients who were at risk of OHSS from recruitment into the study, which may explain the seemingly paradoxical observation and that no severe OHSS was recorded. The data from either study did not support the notion that a higher dose of rHCG is associated with a higher incidence of OHSS. There is little controversy in the effectiveness of the two difference doses of rHCG in ovulation trigger, either defined by the mean number of oocytes retrieved per patient (Chang et al., 2001) or the percentage of metaphase II oocytes per patient (Chan et al., 2005). Nevertheless, there are some subtle differences between the two groups of patients. For example, the numbers of two-pronuclear fertilized oocytes and cleaved embryos were significantly higher in the 500 μg rHCG group (Chang et al., 2001). In our study, the serum and follicular fluid HCG levels on day HCG +2 as well as the follicular fluid:serum HCG ratio were significantly higher in the 500 μg rHCG group, indicating a better delivery of HCG from the serum to the follicle (Chan et al., 2005). The serum estradiol and progesterone levels were significantly higher in the 500 μg rHCG group in the luteal phase in both studies. Whether such differences in the embryo variables and hormone profiles confer a better environment for successful implantation is unknown. Although the implantation rate did not differ in both studies, neither of them was powered to detect this difference. The problem of high body mass index (BMI) and the poor response in obese patients to a standard amount of HCG are well recognized. Indeed, we have shown that the absorption of HCG in the obese women was only half of that of women with normal BMI (Chan et al., 2003). Both studies comparing the two different doses of rHCG excluded obese women (Chang et al., 2001; Chan et al., 2005). For those with a higher BMI, a higher dose of rHCG may be required to achieve the same ovulation trigger. We therefore recommend that the higher dose should be considered in selected patients who have a high BMI and a low risk of OHSS.
Subclinical Mycobacterium Infections in Wild Delta Smelt

This study describes the occurrence and magnitude of latent mycobacterial infections and other pathogens in delta smelt ( Hypomesus transpacificus ), an endemic fish in the San Francisco Estuary (SFE). Our current knowledge on subclinical infections is characterized by the presence of mycobacterial DNA and absence of clinical signs and Mycobacterium . In our previous studies however, we showed that handling and increased water temperature, stress factors frequently encountered in captivity, have altered infections from benign to severe mycobacteriosis. In the current study, sub adult and adult smelt captured from August 2011 to May 2012 in the SFE were analyzed for presence of bacterial and viral agents (n=741) using standard isolation and culture techniques and Mycobacterium qPCR (n=237). Although mycobacteriosis, Mycobacterium , and virus were not observed in all of the fish examined, 96% of the smelt were positive for mycobacterial DNA. Higher pathogen scores and mycobacterial gene copy numbers were observed in smelt from anthropogenically impacted sites, isolated tributaries, and adult fish. Smelt captured in low salinity zone (1–6 practical salinity units, psu), the preferred habitat in summer and fall, had more infections (higher pathogen scores and mycobacterial gene copy numbers) compared to other salinity regions. Harboring mycobacterial DNA and bacterial pathogens are robust indicators of the cumulative effect of multiple stressors on delta smelt health and the ecological conditions of habitats in the SFE. These findings may provide a foundation in our current understanding of microbial infections in smelt and their potential contribution to health and conservation efforts of this threatened species. mycobacteriosis, have not been observed among smelt captured in their natural habitats in the SFE, smelt harboring Mycobacterium DNA are predominant [8a–8e]. In captivity, infections can progress from dormant to disease when wild cohorts are subjected to intensive culture conditions and increased water temperature (≥16°C) [8]. affects a wide range of freshwater and marine aquatic organisms the are to association with infection and
Co-Expression Network Analysis Identi ﬁ ed LTF in Association with Metastasis Risk and Prognosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Objective: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common renal cancer in adults. The 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced ccRCC is less than 30%. Lack of potential biomarkers for treatment and prognosis is a limitation for early diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC. Methods: We collected microarray pro ﬁ les of 39 ccRCC and matched normal samples to identify differential expression genes (DEGs). Then, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was constructed to identify gene modules associated with the metastasis in ccRCC. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA, https://www.proteinatlas.org/) database were used for veri ﬁ cation set. Finally, we used biological experiments to preliminary investigate the impact of LTF on the tumor biological behavior of ccRCC, including proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Results: A total of 15 genetic modules were identi ﬁ ed, and the light-green module is considered the most relevant to tumor metastasis. ( P = 0.02, R 2 = − 0.4). Protein – protein interaction (PPI) network was performed to identify the hub nodes in the light-green module. Finally, combining the results of PPI, WGCNA and DEGs, lactotransferrin ( LTF ) gene was regarded as “ real ” hub genes for cancer metastasis risk. LTF was subsequently validated using the TCGA database. Immunohistochemistry con ﬁ rmed that the expression of LTF in ccRCC tumor tissue was signi ﬁ cantly lower than that in normal tissue based on the HPA database. Intriguingly, patients with low expression of LTF had lower survival rates (HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49 – 0.89, P = 0.0067), the expression level of the sample was negatively correlated with tumor stage ( P = 0.0385), and patients with low expression of LTF gene were more likely to have distant metastasis ( P = 0.038). Overexpression of LTF inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis of human ccRCC cells in vitro. Conclusion: LTF might be a novel prognostic biomarker for ccRCC.
Muscle O 2 extraction reserve during intense cycling is site-speciﬁc

Muscle O 2 extraction reserve during intense cycling is site-speciﬁc. J 117: present study compared peak muscle deoxygenation ([HHb] peak ) responses at three quadriceps sites during occlusion (OCC), ramp incremental (RI), severe- (SVR) and moderate-intensity (MOD) exercise. Seven healthy men (25 (cid:2) 4 yr) each completed a stationary cycling RI (20 W/min) test to determine [HHb] peak [at distal and proximal vastus lateralis (VLD and VLP) and rectus femoris (RF)], peak V˙ O 2 (V˙ O 2peak ), gas exchange threshold (GET), and peak work rate (WR peak ). Subjects also completed MOD (WR (cid:3) 80% GET) and SVR exercise (WR corresponding to 120% V˙ O 2peak ) with absolute [HHb] (quantiﬁed by multichannel, time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy) and pulmonary VO 2 (V˙ O 2p ) monitored continuously. Additionally, [HHb] and total hemoglobin ([Hb] tot ) were monitored at rest and during subsequent OCC (250 mmHg). Site-speciﬁc adipose tissue thickness was assessed (B-mode ultrasound), and its relationship with resting [Hb] tot was used to correct absolute [HHb]. For VLD and RF, ( P (cid:4) 0.05) OCC (VLD (cid:3) 111 (cid:2) 38, (cid:3) 114 (cid:2) (cid:5) (VLD 64 (cid:2) 14, (cid:3) (cid:2) 20) and SVR (VLD (cid:3) 63 (cid:2) 13, RF (cid:3) 81 (cid:2) 18). [HHb] peak was similar ( P (cid:6) 0.05) across these conditions at the VLP (OCC (cid:3) 67 (cid:2) 17, RI (cid:3) 69 (cid:2) 17, SVR (cid:3) 63 (cid:2) 17 (cid:5) M). [HHb] peaked and then decreased prior to exercise cessation during SVR at all three muscle sites. [HHb] peak during MOD was consistently lower than other conditions at all sites. A “[HHb] reserve” exists during intense cycling at the VLD and RF, likely implying either sufﬁcient blood ﬂow to meet oxidative demands or insufﬁcient diffusion time for complete equilibration. In VLP this [HHb] reserve was absent, suggesting that a critical P O 2 may be challenged during intense cycling.
Antioxidative sulfated polygalactans from marine macroalgae as angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitors

Antioxidant and antihypertensive potential of the sulfated polygalactans isolated from the marine macroalgae Kappaphycus alvarezii and Gracilaria opuntia were assessed by utilizing different in vitro systems. The galactans isolated from K. alvarezii possessed significantly greater antioxidative properties as determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH IC 90 0.97 mg/mL) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS .+ IC 90 0.72 mg/mL) scavenging activities than those isolated from G. opuntia (DPPH IC 90 1.2 mg/mL and ABTS 0.86 mg/mL). The sulfated polygalactan →4)-4- O -sulfonato-(2- O -methyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-3,6-anhydro-(2- O -methyl)-α-D-galactopyranan from K. alvarezii showed greater angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (IC 50 0.02 µg/mL) than →3)-4-O-sulfonato-(6-O-acetyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-3,6-anhydro-(2-O-sulfonato)-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-4-O-sulfonato-(6-O-acetyl)-β- D-xylosyl-(1→3)-4-O-sulfonato-(6-O-acetyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-3,6-anhydro-(2-O-sulfonato)-α-D-galactopyranan motif extracted from G. opuntia (IC 50 0.70 µg/mL). Structure activity correlation studies displayed that the ACE-inhibitory properties of titled polygalactans were directly proportional to their electronic properties and inversely with the steric and hydrophobic characteristics. Putative ACE-inhibitory mechanism of action of sulfated galactans from marine macroalgae corroborated the structure bioactivity correlation analysis.
THE EFFECT OF ADOPTION OF IFRS BASED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS: INDIAN EVIDENCES OF ENHANCED VALUE RELEVANCE AND UNIFORMITY

This study examines how relevant the accounting information was for the value of the firm prior to 2016, when India had the indigenous Accounting Standards, and after 2016 when India adopted new accounting standards known as IND-AS, which were the convergence standards mostly in line with IFRS. As an extension to this, we have performed another round of analysis to observe whether the enhanced value relevance is symmetrically distributed among big and small firms. We have used the price regression model of (Barth et al, 2008) on 1770 firm-years data of Indian firms and applied panel data analysis. We have found 66% adjusted R2 under OLS method for the period prior to 2016 and 78% for the post-change period. Further to this, big and small firms, in the new regime, have shown 84% and 89% adjusted R2. From the results, we have found substantial improvement in value relevance of accounting information in the IND-AS period. We have also found that the enhanced value relevance is uniformly distributed across firms irrespective of firm-size.
Virtual Community Cohesion: a Proposed Measurement Instrument

Virtual community has become one of the interaction platforms that allows interactions among members of the community and thus could become a mechanism for a more established and broader relationship. The existence and prosperity of both physical and virtual community depends very much on cohesiveness among its members. Community cohesion is a popular concept that is used to describe the strength of human relationships and the stability of a more differentiated society. Prior study has been conducted to identify more inclusive indicators for the nine dimensions of a cohesion measurement framework as to come up with a reliable instrument for physical social cohesion. Based on the developed instrument for physical social cohesion, out of the nine dimensions, seven that are pertinent to virtual community are retained or revised: Trust in multi-ethnicities, Willingness to cooperate, Shared common values, Involvement in decision-making, Voluntarism, Safe-guard members, and Roles of administrator. Another study was then conducted to determine the indicators for the seven dimensions as an instrument for virtual community cohesion. Hence, this paper aims to elaborate on the development of the proposed instrument for measuring virtual community cohesion. The construction of the instrument is based on the seven steps of scale development and analysis namely Item Generation, Content Adequacy Assessment, Questionnaire Administration, Factor Analysis, Internal Consistency Assessment, Construct Validity, and Replication. However, only results up to the fifth step were included in this paper and the results suggest that the components that are significant to measure the virtual community cohesion are Perceived Members’ Influence, Members’ Characteristics and Community Participation. To confirm this, it is suggested that the subsequent steps be performed.
Efficient quantum processing of ideals in finite rings

Suppose we are given black-box access to a finite ring R, and a list of generators for an ideal I in R. We show how to find an additive basis representation for I in poly(log |R|) time. This generalizes a recent quantum algorithm of Arvind et al. which finds a basis representation for R itself. We then show that our algorithm is a useful primitive allowing quantum computers to rapidly solve a wide variety of problems regarding finite rings. In particular we show how to test whether two ideals are identical, find their intersection, find their quotient, prove whether a given ring element belongs to a given ideal, prove whether a given element is a unit, and if so find its inverse, find the additive and multiplicative identities, compute the order of an ideal, solve linear equations over rings, decide whether an ideal is maximal, find annihilators, and test the injectivity and surjectivity of ring homomorphisms. These problems appear to be hard classically.
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Extreme Weather, Biotechnology, and Corn Productivity Extreme Weather, Biotechnology, and Corn Productivity

U.S. agriculture has made impressive strides over the past 50 years in crop yield and input productivity growth, especially since the advent of genetically-modiﬁed crops in 1996. However, future growth rates could decline if U.S. agriculture does not sufﬁciently adapt to climate change. We examine the magnitudes of weather impacts on U.S. corn yields during 1960–2011—with a focus on intense precipitation and nitrogen use efﬁciency—and use the empirical results to forecast yields for the subsequent 20 years (2012-2031). We improve upon past methodolo-gies by employing dynamic Bayesian regressions. These dynamic models permit rapid updating of new information, consistent with both pronounced yield growth in recent years and agricultural adaptation to changing growing conditions. We ﬁnd that corn yields will increase by 27–41% over 2011 yields in top-growing states, though yields will gradually decline in less-productive states where climate change impacts could be among the most harmful. Our forecasts are generally robust to the empirical speciﬁcation and assumptions about the econometric disturbance term, and have similar out-of-sample performance. To the extent that increasingly intense rainfall could contribute to nitrogen and other nutrient leaching, farmers may need to adjust nutrient applications in response to changing production environments.
Accumulation of Multipotent Progenitors with a Basal Differentiation Bias during Aging of Human Epithelia

Women over 50 years of age account for 75% of new breast cancer diagnoses, and the majority of these tumors are of a luminal subtype. Although age-associated changes, including endocrine profiles and alterations within the breast microenvironment, increase cancer risk, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie these observations is lacking. In this study, we generated a large collection of normal human mammary epithelial cell strains from women aged 16 to 91 years, derived from primary tissues, to investigate the molecular changes that occur in aging breast cells. We found that in finite-lifespan cultured and uncultured epithelial cells, aging is associated with a reduction of myoepithelial cells and an increase in luminal cells that express keratin 14 and integrin α 6, a phenotype that is usually expressed exclusively in myoepithelial cells in women under 30. Changes to the luminal lineage resulted from age-dependent expansion of defective multipotent progenitors that gave rise to incompletely differentiated luminal or myoepithelial cells. The aging process therefore results in both a shift in the balance of luminal/myoepithelial lineages and to changes in the functional spectrum of multipotent progenitors, which together increase the potential for malignant transformation. Together, our findings provide a cellular basis to explain the observed vulnerability to breast cancer that increases with age.
Sport-Specific Crossover Point Differences during a Maximal Oxygen Consumption Test

ABSTRACT Introduction/Purpose The crossover point occurs during exercise when one transitions energy substrates from fat to carbohydrate predominance. The crossover point varies in an intensity-dependent manner; however, less is known about its specificity in sports with varying metabolic demands. The purpose of our study was to determine if various sports yield differences in the time to crossover and heart rate and percentage of maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) at crossover during a standardized exercise protocol. Methods A total of 77 athletes (39 women, 38 men; 39.1 ± 10.4 yr of age) were measured for respiratory exchange ratio during a modified Taylor V˙O2max treadmill test. Sports included running (n = 20), triathlon (n = 20), rowing (n = 20), and CrossFit (n = 17). A one-way ANOVA determined differences in time to crossover. A Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to determine differences between sport types for percent V˙O2max and heart rate at crossover. Bonferroni correction procedures were used to control the family-wise error rate and maintain alpha levels at P < 0.05. Results Average time to crossover for all athletes was 3:43 ± 1:12 min. Times to crossover for runners, triathletes, rowers, and CrossFit athletes were 4:16 ± 0:58, 3:28 ± 1:08, 4:00 ± 1:23, and 3:01 ± 0:58 min, respectively. Significant differences were observed between groups for time to crossover (P = 0.007) and percent V˙O2max at crossover (P = 0.01). Pairwise analyses revealed that runners had a significantly longer time to crossover compared with CrossFit athletes (P = 0.009). Triathletes’ percent V˙O2max at crossover was significantly lower than rowers (P = 0.04) and runners (P = 0.04). Conclusions We found significant differences in time to crossover between runners and CrossFit athletes, which suggests that substrate use may be dependent on sport type.
Modulation of in ammatory factors predicts the outcome following spinal cord injury

Zepeng Yu Second A liated Hospital of Soochow University Xingwei Sun Second A liated Hospital of Soochow University Rui Xia Second A liated Hospital of Soochow University Qian Chen A liated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Qin Wu (  784553874@qq.com ) Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital,Suzhou Hospital A liated to Nanjing Medical University Weiwei Zheng (  zhengweiweidoctor@163.com ) A liated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
DDX17 modulates the expression and alternative splicing of genes involved in apoptosis and proliferation in lung adenocarcinoma cells

Background The DEAD-box RNA-binding protein (RBP) DDX17 has been found to be involved in the tumorigenesis of many types of cancers. However, the role of DDX17 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Methods We silenced DDX17 expression in A549 LUAD cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA). Cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed to explore the functions of DDX17. Knockdown of DDX17 by siRNA significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in A549 cells. We used high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and alternative splicing (AS) events in DDX17 knockdown LUAD cells. Results DDX17 knockdown increased the expression levels of proapoptotic genes and decreased those of proproliferative genes. Moreover, the DDX17-regulated AS events in A549 cells revealed by computational analysis using ABLas software were strongly validated by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR) and were also validated by analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-LUAD dataset. These findings suggest that DDX17 may function as an oncogene by regulating both the expression and AS of proliferation- and apoptosis-associated genes in LUAD cells. Our findings may offer new insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms of LUAD and provide a new therapeutic direction for LUAD.