Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep genomic analysis of the Chlorella sorokiniana SAG 211-8k chloroplast

Abstract The chloroplast genome contains information that is applicable in many scientific fields, such as plant systematics, phylogenetic reconstruction and biotechnology, because its features are highly conserved among species. To date, several complete green algal chloroplast genomes have been sequenced and assembled. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of the chloroplast genome (cpDNA) of Chlorella sorokiniana SAG 211-8k is reported and compared for the first time to the chloroplast genomes of 10 Chlorellaceae. The recently updated Chlorella sorokiniana cpDNA sequence, assembled as a circular map of 109 811 bp, encodes 113 genes. Similar to other Chlorella strains, this chloroplast genome does not show a quadripartite structure and lacks the large rRNA operon-encoding Inverted Repeat (IR). The Chlorella sorokiniana plastid encodes the tRNA(Ile)-lysidine synthetase (tilS), which is responsible for modifying the CAU anticodon of a unique tRNA. Gene ordering and clustering highlight the close relationships among Chlorella clade members and the preservation of crucial gene clusters in photosynthetic strains. The features of Chlorella sorokiniana presented here reinforce the monophyletic character of Chlorellaceae and provide important information that sheds light on chloroplast genome evolution among species of Chlorella.
Lethal and sublethal effects of long‐lasting insecticide‐treated nets on the invasive bug Halyomorpha halys

Halyomorpha halys is a polyphagous insect species with an original eastern Asiatic distribution, which was recently and accidentally introduced in the USA and Europe, where it became a serious agricultural pest. Chemicals have been widely used for its control leading often to failure of IPM programmes. Several approaches aimed at pest monitoring and control are currently under investigation, for example trapping, screening, border management and biological control. In the present work, we investigated the lethal and sublethal effects of the use of a long‐lasting insecticide‐treated net (LLIN with α‐cypermethrin), focusing on the perspective to control H. halys in an integrated approach. All experiments were carried out in the laboratory either in small arenas, at five exposure times (5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min) or in large cages at 8 hr exposure. In small arenas, the LLIN induced sublethal effects and/or effectively killed the adults. A higher adult mortality was observed after longer exposure times (LT90 was 51.64 min for females and 40.83 min for males). However, several specimens recovered from sublethal effects, with higher recovery rates after shorter exposure times. In the cage experiments, a significantly higher mortality (65% males and 75% of females) was recorded compared with controls. LLINs are physical barriers that can improve crop protection due to their insecticidal activity, and can be reasonably applied in various attract‐and‐kill systems both in glasshouses and in the field.
Systematic Analysis of Suppressor Mutations in S. cerevisiae Strains with Deleted Genome Integrity Genes

Genetic mutations can adversely affect biological pathways often resulting in cellular damage that may lead to human disease. In some instances, accumulation of secondary mutations elsewhere in the genome may compensate the deleterious effects of the primary mutation. This phenomenon is referred to as genetic suppression and it provides a powerful tool for identifying novel functional relationships between genes and their corresponding pathways. While isolated suppressors have been identified previously, large-scale suppressor identification
Short Communication Molecular variation in melon (Cucumis melo L.) as revealed by RFLP and RAPD markers

DNA polymorphism among Cucumis melo accessions was assessed using RFLPs and RAPDs. Thirteen varieties that represent diverse melon-types were surveyed using 18 RAPD primers. Cluster analysis indicated that the largest divergence among melon-types occurred between C. melo var. momordica from India and the North American and European muskmelon cultivars. The latter were also well-diverged from vars. conomon, chito and dudaim from the Far East and var. agrestis from Africa. Dessert melon varieties belonging to var. inodorus and cantalupensis, respectively, were not differentiated in this analysis, indicating that most of the genetic variation in the melon germplasm should be sought among land-races and wild accessions. As many as 61% of the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers produced polymorphic patterns between the two varieties Topmark (var. cantalupensis) and P.I. 414723 (var. momordica), indicating that RAPDs reveal abundant polymorphism in melons. A subset of eight varieties was assayed with RFLP probes, either genomic PstI-clones, or cucumber floral bud-cDNAs. Of the 56 probes surveyed with six restriction enzymes, about 80% detected polymorphism among the eight accessions. It turned out that the melon genome contains abundant PstI-digested repetitive sequences, and that EcoRI was the most productive restriction enzyme in detecting polymorphism. The efficient use of cucumber cDNAs for melon genome analysis suggests that the comparative mapping of these two important cucurbit crops may be possible. # 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Molecular Mechanisms of Myocardial Fibrosis Development

xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED . xiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xvi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Heart Failure . 1 1.1.1 Role Of Myocardial Fibrosis In Heart Failure . 1 1.1.2 Mechanics Of Diastolic Dysfunction . 3 1.2 Age-­‐Related Myocardial Fibrosis . 3 1.2. 1 Clinical Implications . 3 1.2. 2 Etiology . 4 1.2. 3 Cellular Contribution To Age-­‐Related Fibrosis . 6 1.2. 4 Fibrotic Signaling . 7 1.3 Regulation of Collagen . 9 1.3. 1 Collagen Biosynthesis . 9 1.3. 2 Collagen Post-­‐Translational Processing (Crosslinking) . 10 1.3. 3 ECM Degradation . 11 1.3. 4 Age-­‐Related Myocardial Fibrosis And Lysyl Oxidase . 12 1.4 Role of AngiotensinII in Myocardial Fibrosis . 15 1.4. 1 AngII-­‐Induced Myocardial Fibrosis . 15
Infectious disease studies in zebrafish : the fish pathogen Edwardsiella tarda as a model system

In a world where bacterial infections are becoming harder and harder to fight due to rising antibiotic resistance, disease models that allow high throughput screening are needed more than ever. An ideal model organism for high throughput screening is the zebrafish embryo. However, models for high throughput screening of infection are still wanted. In this thesis the fish pathogen Edwardsiella tarda was tested for use in high throughput studies of infectious disease in zebrafish. First the genome of Edwardsiella tarda was sequenced to determine the virulence factors of this bacterium. Next different types of exposure of zebrafish to Edwardsiella tarda were tested. This showed an absence of detectable infection after static immersion, but a reproducible infection on the level of single embryos after caudal vein injection. Finally, using the caudal vein injection method, the zebrafish knock-out mutant in the gene Myd88 was characterized. This is the first zebrafish knock-out mutant in a gene central in the innate immune system.
Micro-mechanical Response of Continuous and Discontinuous Fiber Composites with Support of Computational Software

The paper presents basic principles of stress distribution in composite materials reinforced by fibers using the hFEM and pFEM numerical models of squared unit cell (UC). Moreover, paper provides the basic approaches to numerical modeling of composite materials reinforced by short (discontinuous) and continuous fibers and depicts a common and distinctive features of their mechanical behaviour through the analysis of micro-mechanical response.
Comment

Since Phillips (1958), economists have sought to estimate a Phillips curve relationship or a positive relation between inflation,pt, and ameasure of the output gap, xt. Although historically such a relationship could be easily detected, the Phillips curve appears to have flattened in the United Statesmore recently. Some authors have suggested that inflation does not depend on slack, that it is largely exogenous. This raises the key question: What changed? The answer to that question is critical for much of macroeconomics and in particular for monetary policy. With most central banks around the world seeking to stabilize inflation around a target level (e.g., 2% in the United States), it is crucial to understand the determinants of inflation and to knowwhether monetary policy can still affect inflation. Several potential explanations have been provided for the flattening of the Phillips curve. Some have suggested that structural changes in the economy in recent decades have played a significant role (e.g., Duca 2019). In many of models of sticky prices, more rigid prices than in the past or increases in market concentration and pricing power (De Loecker and Eeckhout 2017) could also result in a flattening of the Phillips curve. McLeay and Tenreyro argue instead that monetary policy itself is responsible for the flattening of the Phillips curve. The explanation is simple: If the central bank conducts optimal monetary policy, seeking to minimize deviations of inflation from target and output from potential output, then it should set its policy instruments to increase inflation when output is below potential and vice versa. It follows that optimal policy causes a negative correlation between inflation and the output gap. That negative correlation blurs in turn the positive correlation implied by the Phillips curve, so that in equilibrium, the correlation between
Uji Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Mimba (Azaradiracta Indica Juss)

Abstrak Tanaman mimba salah satu tanaman herbal asli Indonesia yang mempunyai banyak manfaat. Salah satu potensi tanaman mimba sebagai antioksidan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Ekstrak daun mimba mengandung berbagai bioaktif diantaranya berfungsi sebagai anti oksidan, anti bakteri, anti jamur. Pada penelitian ini daun mimba eikstrak dengan metode maserasi selama 3x 24 jam dengan variasi pelarut yaitu air, etanol 60%, etanol 80%, methanol 60% dan methanol 80%. Hasil ekstraksi daun mimba selanjutnya dianalisa phytokimia meliputi flavonoid, tannin, terpenoid , dan saponin. Serta aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak methanol 80% mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 83,28 . Kata kunci : daun mimba, Antioxidant, DPPH, IC50
Estimation of height of eucalyptus trees with neuroevolution of augmenting topologies (NEAT)

1 Received on 01.06. 2015 accepted for publication on 16.03. 2017. 2 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Doutorado em Ciência Florestal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: <danielhbbinoti@gmail.com>. 3 Universidade Federal de Lavras, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia da Madeira, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Email: <pauloduarte.floresta@gmail.com>. 4 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Espírito Santos, Brasil. E-mail: <mayrabinoti@gmail.com> and<fernandes5012@gmail.com>. 5 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: <hgleite@gmail.com>. 6 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal e da Madeira, Jerônimo, Espírito Santo, Brasil. E-mail: <ribeiroflorestal@yahoo.com. br>. 7 Universidade Federal de Lavras, Doutorado em Engenharia Florestal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: <vclandradeuft@gmail.com>. 8 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Florestal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: <aepifania16@gmail.com>. *Corresponding author.
Determinants of Whistleblowing Intention in Organization

Whistleblowers have been applauded for their heroic acts for disclosing unethical practices in organization worldwide such as Enron, Worldcom and Cambridge Analytica to name a few. Whistleblowing has been regarded as one of the internal control mechanisms to prevent organizational wrongdoings. Despite establishment and enhancement of law, policies and regulations enacted to whistleblowing, potential whistleblowers remain silent and reluctant to blow the whistle. It is therefore important to examine the factors that encourage individual to come forward to disclose the wrongdoing. This conceptual article reviews prior literature that examined determinants of whist leblowing intentions. Building from the theory and following the prior literature, the article expanded the review by looking into the interaction of determinants such as ethical leadership, emotional intelligence and whistleblowing intention. Hence, it is expected that study of such interaction would create new avenues for future research.
Chapter 139 Efimov Physics Beyond Three Particles

Efimov physics originally refers to a system of three particles. Here we review recent theoretical progress seeking for manifestations of Efimov physics in systems composed of more than three particles. Clusters of more than three bosons are tied to eachEfimov trimer, but no independent Efimov physics exists there beyond three bosons. The case of a few heavy fermions interacting with a lighter atom is also considered, where the mass ratio of the constituent particles plays a significant role. Following Efimov’s study of the (2 + 1) system, the (3 + 1) system was shown to have its own critical mass ratio to become Efimovian. We show that the (4 + 1) system becomes Efimovian at a mass ratio which is smaller than its sub-systems thresholds, giving a pure five-body Efimov effect. The (5 + 1) and (6 + 1) systems are also discussed, and we show the absence of 6— and 7—body Efimov physics there.
[Unemployment Expectations, Jumping (S,s) Triggers, and Household Balance Sheets]: Discussion

capital for old cars.6 For credit-card loans, the premiums over safe rates average 14%. In addition to being high on average, consumer rate spreads clearly vary inversely with the degree of collateral (new cars have the lowest spread, credit-card ebt the highest) and tend to increase during business-cycle downturns. In addition, rate spreads have steadily risen in most categories throughout the 1980s, as indebtedness has increased. These facts again suggest a slightly different view of credit liberalization, namely, that while more consumers obtain access to credit, they are paying a large premium to do so. More generally, such facts suggest that premia on external funds may be an important component of consumer decision making. Obtaining a better understanding of how important such premia are for the dynamics of consumer durables seems like a logical next step in what appears to be a rapidly evolving literature on consumer behavior.
Consultations in Molecular Diagnostics Prothrombin Gene Variants in Non-Caucasians with Fetal Loss and Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Thrombotic predisposition may affect pregnancy outcome, but in non-Caucasians the contributing genetic factors are poorly characterized. Two recently identified prothrombin gene mutations (20209C>T and 20221C>T) have been observed in non-Caucasian patients with thrombosis. The mutations are located near the commonly identified variant 20210G>A and have not been reported in Caucasian patients. The authors report a novel connection with pregnancy complications. The identification of sequence variants other than 20210G>A in the 3-untranslated region of the prothrombin gene suggests that additional nucleotide substitutions may contribute to the development of thrombotic events and adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially in less well-characterized populations. (J Mol Diagn 2003, 5:250 –253)
[How High Are the Giants' Shoulders: An Empirical Assessment of Knowledge Spillovers and Creative Destruction in a Model of Economic Growth]: Discussion

While lauding the results in the paper, Zvi Griliches suggested that the citation data must be interpreted carefully. For example, the fact that citations to a patent cease does not necessarily imply the knowledge associated with the patent has been made obsolete: Economists today readily use the Cobb-Douglas production function without citing Douglas explicitly. Moreover, as the authors are certainly aware, patents and citations are an artifact of a certain process, and that process is distortionary. Citations do not necessarily reflect the knowledge that influences the inventor; often they are placed into the article by the patent 85
The Effects of Urbanization on Avian Seed Dispersal Success of Toxicodendron radicans (Anacardiaceae)

Urbanization is increasing at a dramatic rate as the human population increases. While it is wellknown that urbanization tends to decrease species diversity (i.e., biotic homogenization), it is not known how urbanization affects the frequency and efficiency of species interactions. Seed dispersal is a plant-animal interaction that depends on several factors for success, including disperser feeding rate, disperser diversity, and the probability of seed dispersal and germination. In this study, we evaluate how urbanization alters the above factors that affect the success of seed dispersal. Urban sites tended to have two times higher feeding rate and three times higher number of species. The probability of seed dispersal, however, was the same between natural and urban sites. The probability of germination, however, was 20% lower in urban sites, leading to overall negative effects of urbanization on T. radicans seed dispersal. In this study, we demonstrated that urbanization can not only affect species diversity, but also affect their ecological functions, in this case seed dispersal.
THE MOLECULAR SUBSTRATE OF ASTROCYTE "HEMICHANNELS"

Purinergic signaling plays distinct and important roles in the CNS, including the transmission of calcium signals between astrocytes. Gap junction hemichannels are among the mechanisms proposed by which astrocytes might release ATP; however, whether the gap junction protein connexin43 forms these “hemichannels” remains controversial. Recently, a new group of proteins, the pannexins, have been shown to form non-selective, high conductance plasmalemmal channels permeable to ATP, thereby offering an alternative for the “hemichannel” protein. Here we provide strong evidence that in cultured astrocytes pannexin1 but not connexin43 forms “hemichannels”. Electrophysiological and fluorescence microscope recordings performed in wild-type and connexin43-null astrocytes did not reveal any differences in “hemichannel” activity, which was largely eliminated by treating connexin43-null astrocytes with pannexin1-siRNA (Panx1-KD). Moreover, quantification of the amount of ATP released from wild-type, connexin43-null and Panx1-KD astrocytes indicates that down regulation of pannexin1, but not of connexin43, prevented ATP release from these cells.
Pseudoasterophyllites cretaceus from the Cenomanian (Cretaceous) of the Czech Republic: a possible link between Chloranthaceae and Ceratophyllum

Pseudoasterophyllites cretaceus from the Cenomanian of Bohemia was recently recognized as an angiosperm by association with stamens containing monosulcate pollen of the Tucanopollis type. New material indicates that the stamens were borne in short spikes, with each stamen subtended by a bract, whereas the carpels were solitary and contained a single pendent, orthotropous ovule. We have investigated the phylogenetic position of Pseudoasterophyllites by including it in a morphological analysis of extant angiosperms using backbone constraint trees that represent the current range of hypotheses on relationships of the five mesangiosperm clades. With a backbone tree in which Chloranthaceae are linked with magnoliids and Ceratophyllum with eudicots, the most parsimonious position of Pseudoasterophyllites is sister to Chloranthaceae, but a sister-group relationship to Ceratophyllum is only one step less parsimonious. With a backbone tree in which Chloranthaceae and Ceratophyllum form a clade, Pseudoasterophyllites is sister to Ceratophyllum, based on derived features shared with both Chloranthaceae and Ceratophyllum plus solitary female flowers (as in Ceratophyllum). Similar results are obtained when Pseudoasterophyllites is added to the analysis with other fossils inferred to be related to Chloranthaceae and/or Ceratophyllum. If the plants that produced Tucanopollis pollen in the Barremian-Aptian of Africa–South America are related to Pseudoasterophyllites, these results suggest that Chloranthaceae and Ceratophyllum are relicts of one of the most important early radiations of angiosperms, which included not only colonizers of disturbed terrestrial habitats but also halophytes and aquatics.
Reduced Dimensional Modeling of the Entire Human Lung

The entire human lung, including the pulmonary circulation, the lower respiratory tract and the oxygen exchange interface, was modeled using a novel multi-scale approach. This novel lung model very closely represents the actual human anatomy and moreover reproduces its physiological behavior. For the first time, the simulated results provide evidence for local phenomena such as volume competition between neighboring acini, volutrauma and hypoxia at a level never achieved before.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HUMAN Na+, K+-ATPASE ALPHA 4 ISOFORM

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HUMAN Na, K-ATPASE ALPHA 4 ISOFORM by Jonathan Thomas Hlivko Four Na, K-ATPase alpha isoforms have been identified and characterized in the rat. In humans, three isoforms have been characterized and evidence has been provided suggesting the existence of a fourth alpha isoform. The goal of this study was to isolate and characterize the fourth human alpha isoform. This was accomplished by cloning the cDNA from human testis libraries and expressing it in HeLa cells. Sequence analysis demonstrates that the deduced amino acid sequence shares high homology with the other three human alpha isoforms and the rat alpha 4 isoform. Using an alpha 4 specific antibody, a protein ~100 kDa was identified through western blotting and it was localized to the flagellum of the sperm by immunohistochemistry. These results confirm the existence of the human alpha 4 Na, K-ATPase isoform and its localization to sperm suggest that the human alpha 4 isoform plays a role in the function human sperm. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HUMAN Na, K-ATPASE ALPHA 4 ISOFORM
Isolation and Identification of Zinc Dissolving Bacteria and Their Potential on Growth of Zea mays

A total of twenty-five bacterial isolates obtained from mature compost to evaluate the solubilization potential of insoluble zinc oxide and zinc carbonate. An efficient zinc-solubilizing bacterial isolates (Zn14) were chosen. Thereafter, some of morphological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16S rRNA sequence indicated that the isolate belonging to Enterobacter cloacae. The effect of various carbon and nitrogen sources on the efficiency of Zn solubizilation were investigated under shaking and static conditions. It was found that the selected bacterial strain could solubilize Zn compounds under wide range of nutrient types. Pot experiment was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt to study the efficiency of using Enterobacter cloacae as Invivo Zn solubilizer either alone or along with amended zinc compounds (ZnO and ZnCO3) to the soil and its effect on growth parameters of Zea mays plants under sterile and non-sterile soil at the age of 30 and 60 days. The results indicated that there is a highly significant response to increase Zn uptake in all treatments as compared to control. Also, the treatment with ZnO and E. cloacae was the more efficient in total chlorophyll, dry weight plant-1 and N, P and K percentages compared to control. Hence, to solve zinc nutrition problem using a biofertilizer, it is obvious that E. cloacae is capable of solubilizing insoluble zinc compounds by inoculation to increase crop growth and saving soil fertility.