Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep origin of the Hawaiian tilted plume conduit derived from receiver functions

SUMMARY We employ P to S converted waveforms to investigate effects of the hot mantle plume on seismic discontinuities of the crust and upper mantle. We observe the Moho at depths between 13 and 17 km, regionally covered by a strong shallow intracrustal converted phase. Coherent phases on the transverse component indicate either dipping interfaces, 3-D heterogeneities or lower crustal anisotropy. We find anomalies related to discontinuities in the upper mantle down to the transition zone evidently related to the hot mantle plume. Lithospheric thinning is confirmed in greater detail than previously reported by Li et al., and we determine the dimensions of the low-velocity zone within the asthenosphere with greater accuracy. Our study mainly focuses on the temperature-pressure dependent discontinuities of the upper mantle transition zone. Effects of the hot diapir on the depths of mineral phase transitions are verified at both major interfaces at 410 and 660 km. We determine a plume radius of about 200 km at the 660 km discontinuity with a core zone of about 120 km radius. The plume conduit is located southwest of Big Island. A conduit tilted in the northeast direction is required in the upper mantle to explain the observations. The determined positions of deflections of the discontinuities support the hypothesis of decoupled upper and lower mantle convection.
Symplectic integration of PDEs using Clebsch variables

Many PDEs (Burgers' equation, KdV, Camassa-Holm, Euler's fluid equations, …) can be formulated as infinite-dimensional Lie-Poisson systems. These are Hamiltonian systems on manifolds equipped with Poisson brackets. The Poisson structure is connected to conservation properties and other geometric features of solutions to the PDE and, therefore, of great interest for numerical integration. For the example of Burgers' equations and related PDEs we use Clebsch variables to lift the original system to a collective Hamiltonian system on a symplectic manifold whose structure is related to the original Lie-Poisson structure. On the collective Hamiltonian system a symplectic integrator can be applied. Our numerical examples show excellent conservation properties and indicate that the disadvantage of an increased phase-space dimension can be outweighed by the advantage of symplectic integration.
Identification of MicroRNAs That Respond to Soybean Cyst Nematode Infection in Early Stages in Resistant and Susceptible Soybean Cultivars

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) causes heavy losses to soybean yield. In order to investigate the roles of soybean miRNAs during the early stages of infection (1 and 5 dpi), 24 small RNA libraries were constructed from SCN resistant cultivar Huipizhi (HPZ) and the susceptible Williams 82 (W82) cultivar for high-throughput sequencing. By sequencing the small RNA libraries, a total of 634 known miRNAs were identified, and 252 novel miRNAs were predicted. Altogether, 14 known miRNAs belonging to 13 families, and 26 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed and may respond to SCN infection in HPZ and W82. Similar expression results were also confirmed by qRT-PCR. Further analysis of the biological processes that these potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs regulate found that they may be strongly related to plant–pathogen interactions. Overall, soybean miRNAs experience profound changes in early stages of SCN infection in both HPZ and W82. The findings of this study can provide insight into miRNAome changes in both HPZ and W82 at the early stages of infection, and may provide a stepping stone for future SCN management.
Trade Protectionism and Electoral Outcome

In this article, I estimate the impact of the Democratic tariff platform on its electoral outcome using congressional district data on election to the House of Representatives from the years 1982 to 1994. I control for many other financial, historical, and social factors that could affect the voting outcome. Aside from this, I also address the endogeneity issue using the instrumental variable (IV) approach. The estimation results clearly suggest three points. First, a higher Democratic tariff platform results in a higher Democratic vote share by increasing campaign contributions. Second, a higher tariff platform may also lead to a lower Democratic vote share due to the lost support from its decided non-ideological voters. These two findings are consistent with the theoretical predictions. Finally, the net effect of the Democratic tariff platform on its election outcome is shown to be significantly negative. Indeed, a high tariff platform cannot help the Democrats win more seats in House elections, though it does help them collect more campaign funding from protected industries and labor unions.
Is There Any Improvement of the Coagulation Imbalance in Sickle Cell Disease after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation?

Several components of the clotting system are modified towards hypercoagulability in sickle cell disease (SCD). To date, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only validated curative treatment of SCD. Here, we investigated the changes in the hemostatic potential of SCD children who’ve received a successful HSCT. Seventeen children with severe SCD were enrolled in the study. Thrombin generation (TG) was performed on citrated platelet-poor plasma, obtained before and 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months after HSCT. TG was triggered using 1 pM tissue factor and 4 µM phospholipids with or without thrombomodulin (TM). Before the HSCT, SCD children showed a higher endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), higher peak, higher velocity and shorter time-to-peak of TG than the normal controls (NC). ETP did not significantly change following the HSCT. However, the peak, velocity and time-to-peak of TG reversed to normal ranges from 3 months post-HSCT and remained so up to 15 months post-HSCT. The reduction of ETP after the addition of thrombomodulin (RETP) was dramatically reduced in SCD children before HSCT as compared with the NC. A partial reversal of RETP was observed from 3 months through 15 months post-HSCT. No statistical difference was observed for patient age or donor hemoglobinopathy status. In summary, successful HSCT improves the kinetics of TG but not the total thrombin capacity in SCD children.
Exacerbation of Hangover Symptomology Significantly Corresponds with Heavy and Chronic Alcohol Drinking: A Pilot Study

Alcohol hangover is a combination of mental, sympathetic, and physical symptoms experienced the day after a single period of heavy drinking, starting when blood alcohol concentration approaches zero. How individual measures/domains of hangover symptomology might differ with moderate to heavy alcohol consumption and how these symptoms correlate with the drinking markers is unclear. We investigated the amount/patterns of drinking and hangover symptomology by the categories of alcohol drinking. We studied males and females in three groups: 12 heavy drinkers (HD; >15 drinks/week, 34–63 years old (y.o.)); 17 moderate drinkers (MD; 5–14 drinks/week, 21–30 y.o.); and 12 healthy controls (social/light drinkers, SD; <5 drinks/week, 25–54 y.o.). Demographics, drinking measures (Timeline followback past 90 days (TLFB90), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)), and alcohol hangover scale (AHS) were analyzed. Average drinks/day was 5.1-times greater in HD compared to MD. Average AHS score showed moderate incapacity, and individual measures and domains of the AHS were significantly elevated in HD compared to MD. Symptoms of three domains of the AHS (mental, gastrointestinal, and sympathetic) showed domain-specific significant increase in HD. A domain-specific relation was present between AUDIT and specific measures of AHS scores in HD, specifically with the dependence symptoms. Exacerbation in hangover symptomology could be a marker of more severe alcohol use disorder.
Two algorithms for a fully coupled and consistently macroscopic PDE-ODE system modeling a moving bottleneck on a road

In this paper we propose two numerical algorithms to solve a coupled PDE-ODE systemwhich models a slow vehicle (bottleneck) moving on a road together with other cars. The resulting system is fully coupled because the dynamics of the slow vehicle depends on the density of cars and, at the same time, it causes a capacity drop in the road, thus limiting the car flux. The first algorithm, based on the Wave Front Tracking method, is suitable for theoretical investigations and convergence results. The second one, based on the Godunov scheme, is used for numerical simulations. The case of multiple bottlenecks is also investigated.
Investigation of Vocational Interest and Preference in Terms of Gender and Socio-economic Status

Individuals tend to prefer a vocation in order to reach their targets such as leading a life, nutrition, housing, being safe, having a good position in society etc. It is a task of the adolescence period to choose a vocation which is for some the most important step of the life, while for some others it is a rather important step in life however that can be changed and made flexible any time. All studies which are examined, show that vocational interest and vocational preference are affected by a great deal of variables
Impact of CSR Perception on Dimensions of Job Performance with Mediating Effect of Overall Justice Perception

Despite the vast and multidimensional research conducted on the notion of CSR and its positive association with different external variables, very little focus has been given to study its influence on the employees’ attitudes and behavior which may further influence their job efficiency, job effectiveness, job quality and thus the overall job performance of individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to empirically investigate the influence of CSR perception on the antecedents of Job Performance i.e. job efficiency, job effectiveness and job quality of employees with Overall Justice Perception as mediator. Data were collected in two different waves through questionnaires from three different organizations in Telecom sector of Pakistan. A total sample size of 217 was recorded. Results were measured through regression analysis and Preacher & Hayes (2008) macro for mediation. The results showed a weak but significant positive influence on Job efficiency, Job quality and Overall Job Performance. The overall justice perception was also found to be positively influenced by CSR as well as significant positive role of overall justice perception between CSR perception and Job Performance was found. Key wo rds: CSR perception, Overall Justice Perception, Job Efficiency, Job Quality, Job Effectiveness, Job Performance
Iris Detection by Discrete Sine Transform Based Feature Vector Using Random Forest

The significance of Iris detection and recognition has been increased from last few decades. Looking at the importance of Iris detection and recognition, we propose a robust, stable and reliable computational model. Three Feature extraction strategies including Discrete Sine Transform ( DST ), Hilbert transform and Fast wavelet Hadamard Transform are used in order to extract numerical descriptors from iris images. Random forest is utilized as a learner. 5-folds cross validation test is applied to evaluate the performance of Random Forest. Among three feature spaces, DST feature space has achieved promising results. The success rate of Random forest on DST feature space is 93.4%. After examining the results, we have observed that our model might be useful and helpful for iris detection in future work.
FROM RAGS TO RICHES AND RICHES TO RAGS AGAIN: TALE OF WOMEN INFORMAL RETAIL TRADERS IN ZIMBABWE

The purpose of the study was to investigate how the women informal retail traders moved from poverty and hardship to success and then back to poverty and hardships in Bulawayo. The study used a mixed research design to interrogate these interesting phenomena on women empowerment dynamics in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe and the African patriarchal society. The study found that the development of the informal retail sector empowered women at some point. The acquisition of assets and ability to finance own health needs is the evidence that supports the notion of empowerment by these women. That empowerment was, however, not sustainable due to, inter alia, unplanned nature of the participation of women into these informal markets, lack of education, poor business management skills and declining economic environment. The study found that the economic bubble of success that many women informal retail traders enjoyed at some point in their businesses was a false one. However, it led some women to move from the proverbial rags to riches and then back to rags in a fashion. It was a cycle anticipated by very women. This intriguing experience of women informal retail traders would provoke the intellectual curiosity of many social science researchers in this field. The study and its findings would make an interesting read to social scientists as much as it would do to policymakers and casual readers interested in the African patriarchal family, women empowerment and the informal sector. In so doing, it will contribute to the growing body of knowledge in this area of study.
Bifidobacterium bifidum: A Key Member of the Early Human Gut Microbiota

Bifidobacteria typically represent the most abundant bacteria of the human gut microbiota in healthy breast-fed infants. Members of the Bifidobacterium bifidum species constitute one of the dominant taxa amongst these bifidobacterial communities and have been shown to display notable physiological and genetic features encompassing adhesion to epithelia as well as metabolism of host-derived glycans. In the current review, we discuss current knowledge concerning particular biological characteristics of the B. bifidum species that support its specific adaptation to the human gut and their implications in terms of supporting host health.
Hidden in Plain Sight: A Massive, Dusty Starburst in a Galaxy Protocluster at z = 5.7 in the COSMOS Field

We report the serendipitous discovery of a dusty, starbursting galaxy at z = 5.667 (hereafter called CRLE) in close physical association with the “normal” main-sequence galaxy HZ10 at z = 5.654. CRLE was identified by detection of [C ii], [N ii], and CO(2–1) line emission, making it the highest-redshift, most luminous starburst in the COSMOS field. This massive, dusty galaxy appears to be forming stars at a rate of at least 1500 M⊙ yr−1 in a compact region only ∼3 kpc in diameter. The dynamical and dust emission properties of CRLE suggest an ongoing merger driving the starburst, which is in a potentially intermediate stage relative to other known dusty galaxies at the same epoch. The ratio of [C ii] to [N ii] may suggest that an important (∼15%) contribution to the [C ii] emission comes from a diffuse ionized gas component, which could be more extended than the dense, starbursting gas. CRLE appears to be located in a significant galaxy overdensity at the same redshift, potentially associated with a large-scale cosmic structure recently identified in a Lyman α-emitter survey. This overdensity suggests that CRLE and HZ10 reside in a protocluster environment, offering the tantalizing opportunity to study the effect of a massive starburst on protocluster star formation. Our findings support the interpretation that a significant fraction of the earliest galaxy formation may occur from the inside out, within the central regions of the most massive halos, while rapidly evolving into the massive galaxy clusters observed in the local universe.
U-GDL: A decentralised algorithm for DCOPs with Uncertainty

In this paper, we introduce DCOPs with uncertainty (U-DCOPs), a novel generalisation of the canonical DCOP framework where the outcomes of local functions are represented by random variables, and the global objective is to maximise the expectation of an arbitrary utility function (that represents the agents' risk-profile) applied over the sum of these local functions. We then develop U-GDL, a novel decentralised algorithm derived from Generalised Distributive Law (GDL) that optimally solves U-DCOPs. A key property of U-GDL that we show is necessary for optimality is that it keeps track of multiple non-dominated alternatives, and only discards those that are dominated (i.e. local partial solutions that can never turn into an expected global maximum regardless of the realisation of the random variables). As a direct consequence, we show that applying a standard DCOP algorithm to U-DCOP can result in arbitrarily poor solutions. We empirically evaluate U-GDL to determine its computational overhead and bandwidth requirements compared to a standard DCOP algorithm.
Fracture Resistance of Partial Indirect Restorations Made with CAD/CAM Technology. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the fracture resistance and survival rate of partial indirect restorations inlays, onlays, and overlays fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology from ceramics, composite resin, resin nanoceramic, or hybrid ceramic and to analyze the influence of proximal box elevation on fracture resistance. Materials and methods: This systematic review was based on guidelines proposed by the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). An electronic search was conducted in databases US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Embase. In vitro trials published during the last 10 years were included in the review. Results: Applying inclusion criteria based on the review’s population, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) question, 13 articles were selected. Meta-analysis by restoration type estimated the fracture resistance of inlays to be 1923.45 Newtons (N); of onlays 1644 N and of overlays 1383.6 N. Meta-analysis by restoration material obtained an estimated fracture resistance for ceramic of 1529.5 N, for composite resin of 1600 Ne, for resin nanoceramic 2478.7 N, and hybrid ceramic 2108 N. Conclusions: Resin nanoceramic inlays present significantly higher fracture resistance values. Proximal box elevation does not exert any influence on the fracture resistance of indirect restorations.
Analysis, Design, and Implementation of an Omnidirectional Mobile Robot Platform

In this paper, an omnidirectional mobile robot is designed, analysed, evaluated and developed. A suitable design, of the robot is offered considering a number of practical factors. The methodology and operation of its omnidirectional locomotion is analysed by deducing a range of applicable equations for the robot kinematics, and trajectory plotting. The velocity PI algorithm is used to control the robot wheels’ speeds. Several tests were applied to the robot platform such as repeatability and manoeuvrability tests. Reasonable results were shown after applying the analyses via computer programming. The designed omnidirectional robot platform is able to move instantaneously in any direction at any angle, without or with changing the orientation of the robot.
mTORC1 signalling is not essential for the maintenance of muscle mass and function in adult sedentary mice

The balance between protein synthesis and degradation (proteostasis) is a determining factor for muscle size and function. Signalling via the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) regulates proteostasis in skeletal muscle by affecting protein synthesis and autophagosomal protein degradation. Indeed, genetic inactivation of mTORC1 in developing and growing muscle causes atrophy resulting in a lethal myopathy. However, systemic dampening of mTORC1 signalling by its allosteric inhibitor rapamycin is beneficial at the organismal level and increases lifespan. Whether the beneficial effect of rapamycin comes at the expense of muscle mass and function is yet to be established.
Is low Emotional Intelligence a primary causal factor in drug and alcohol addiction

This study was conducted with the cooperation of 103 residents in a residential drug and alcohol rehabilitation program to confirm Goleman’s (1995) assertion that low Emotional Intelligence (EI) was a major causal factor in drug and alcohol addiction. A range of measures including EI, level of psychological distress, and the Big Five Factors of personality were administered to the participants and compared against the criterion of an individual’s recovery. The study also used a repeated measures design where the participants were surveyed again one month later. It was found that participants improved significantly in EI scores and experienced a significant reduction in psychological distress during the additional month in the rehabilitation program. It was also found that EI scores were significantly related to addiction levels, but this was fully mediated by the psychological distress variable.
Ischemic and bleeding outcomes of triple therapy in patients on chronic anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis of randomized trials

Background Triple therapy (TT) that includes oral anticoagulation and dual antiplatelet therapy is recommended in patients who are on chronic anticoagulation and undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness and safety of TT compared to double therapy (DT), which consists of an oral anticoagulation and one of the P2Y12 inhibitors, have shown increased risk of bleeding; however, none of the individual studies were powered to show a difference in ischemic outcomes. To compare the clinical outcomes of TT and DT, we performed this meta-analysis of RCTs. Methods Electronic search of PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL databases was performed for RCTs comparing TT and DT in patients who were on oral anticoagulation (Vitamin K antagonist or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant) who underwent PCI. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, stent thrombosis (ST) and TIMI major and minor bleeding were the major outcomes. Results An analysis of 5 trials including 10,592 total patients showed that TT, compared to DT, resulted in non-significant difference in risk of all-cause [odds ratio (OR); 1.14;95% confidence interval (CI):(0.80–1.63); P = 0.46) and cardiovascular mortality [1.43(0.58–3.36); P = 0.44], MI [0.88 (0.64–1.21); P = 0.42], stroke [1.10(0.75–1.62); P = 0.63] and ST [0.82(0.46–1.45); P = 0.49]. TT, compared to DT resulted in higher risk of TIMI major bleeding [1.61(1.09–2.37); P = 0.02], TIMI minor bleeding [1.85(1.23–2.79); P = 0.003] and TIMI major and minor bleeding [1.81 (1.38–2.38); P < 0.0001; I2 = 52%]. Conclusion Compared to DT, the patients receiving TT are at a higher risk of major and minor bleeding with no survival benefit or impact on thrombotic outcomes.
Fragility Curve Development for Assessing Midrise Steel Building with Buckling Resistant Braced System Having Vertical Irregularity

In this paper, the fragility curves have been developed for assessing vertically irregular midrise steel building with Buckling Resistant Braced (BRB) system. The effect of different vertical irregularities of mass, stiffness and the concurrent variation of stiffness and strength was investigated in the seismic response of a ten-story steel building. The fragility curves of both the regular and irregular structures were developed through the incremental dynamic analysis and the effects of vertical irregularities were evaluated in the seismic performance of the structure. Fragility curves show that among all the vertical irregularities, variation in the mass has little effect on the probability exceedance of demand from capacity. Meanwhile, the concurrent variation of stiffness and strength shows a significant increase in the probability exceedance of demand from capacity, especially through the nonlinear phase of structural behavior, through the collapse prevention to the global instability limit states.