Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the effects of activator and twin block treatment on skeletal, dental and soft tissues

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of activator and Twin Block appliances on the patient’s profile. To evaluate skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes after treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion with activator and Twin block appliances. Methods: The study included 30 skeletal Class II patients, 15 girls and 15 boys, mean age: 10.5 ± 0.15 years who were randomly allocated to one of two functional appliance treatment groups. Pretreatment (T0) and post functional appliance therapy (T1) lateral cephalograms of 30 patients were evaluated. The skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue changes were evaluated in both groups on standardized lateral cephalograms taken with the same cephalostat before (T0) and after (T1) functional appliance therapy. The groups were compared at T0 and T1 using analysis of variance, and treatment/observation differences (T1−T0) were evaluated with the Kruskal–Wallis test. The Student’s t test was used, with a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The treatment group showed a statistically significant reduction in values of ANB angle and increase in SNB angle. Mandibular incisors showed significant proclination. There are significant changes of upper lip and lower lip in relation to E plane. Conclusions: Both Twin Block and activator appliances treat Class II division 1 patients successfully by forward movement of the mandible. The changes produced by Activator and Twin Block are predominantly dentoalveolar.
Title : Trends of accidental carbon monoxide poisoning in the Republic of Korea , 1951-2018 1 2 Running title : Trend of carbon monoxide poisoning in Korea 3 4

1 Objectives: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning from coal briquette combustion has been a significant 2 public health problem of the South Korea in the past decades. This study estimated the time trend of 3 the consumption of anthracite coal and the number of victims from CO poisoning due to changes in 4 heating facilities over seven decades. 5 Methods: Using Population and Housing Census data and energy statistics, we estimated the number 6 of houses using briquette as heating fuel over seven decades. After estimating the incidence of CO 7 poisoning in a housing unit by type of heating facility, we determined the ratio of members of the 8 household who experienced CO poisoning. Finally, the distribution of the victims was estimated 9 according to the severity of the CO poisoning, excluding victims of intentional exposure. 10 Results: We estimated that total over 26 million people experienced CO poisoning from 1951 to 2018. 11 The household consumption of anthracite peaked in 1986, but the number of victims from CO 12 poisoning reached a peak of about 1 million people in 1980. From 1951 to 2018, a cumulative number 13 of victims of CO poisoning comprised approximately 22,830,000 mild cases, 3,570,000 severe cases, 14 and 65,000 deaths. 15 Conclusions: The peak number of victims from CO poisoning occurred 6 years earlier than when the 16 number of people using briquettes for heating peaked. This time gap is caused by an improvement in 17 the briquette heating system. This finding provides a quantitative basis for the epidemiological studies 18 on the health outcome of CO poisoning in the population. 19
Learning Regions and Descriptors for Fine-grained Recognition

Fine-grained categorization, which aims to distinguish subordinate-level categories such as bird species or dog breeds, is an extremely challenging task due to two main issues: how to localize discriminative regions for recognition and how to learn sophisticated features for representation. In this paper, we develop a joint representation learning framework which simultaneously detects informative regions and distinguishes subtle differences for subordinate-level categories. The region detectors are learned in un-supervised settings, based on the observation that neural networks for ﬁne-grained recognition have special spatial distributions for regions of interest from object-level to part-level. The appearance descriptor are the concatenation of hierarchical convolutional neural network features encoding both coarse-grained and ﬁne-grained visual differences. Only image-level labels are necessary for training in our approach, which avoids using labor-intensive bounding box or part annotations from end-to-end. Experimental results on challenging ﬁne-grained image dataset demonstrate that despite of the weakest supervision our approach outperforms most of state-of-the-art methods and even achieves accuracy comparable with the methods which heavily rely on extra annotations.
Can Sustainable Investing Save the World? Reviewing the Impact of Investors on Companies

This article asks how sustainable investing can effectively contribute to societal goals. It conducts a literature review of the impact that investors have on companies’ environmental and social performance, distinguishing three mechanisms: shareholder engagement impact, capital allocation impact, and indirect impacts. The shareholder engagement impact is well established, the capital allocation impact remains uncertain and depends on specific circumstances, and indirect impacts are very uncertain. The results imply that the current practice of SI has only modest investor impact and we suggest that sustainable investors could increase their impact by expanding shareholder engagement, by focusing on widely shared priority issues, and by targeting companies that depend on external capital. We also suggest that the potential of SI lies more in diffusing good business practices than in transforming business models. For future research, we highlight the need for investor impact metrics and outline steps to progress towards this goal. JEL Classification: A13, G11, G12, Q51, Q56
EFFECTS OF INTRA-GROUP CONFLICTS ON GROUP WORK EFFECTIVENESS: THE MODERATING ROLE OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY

In the organizations, group work is essential for effective performance, and conflicts can occur at any place where more than one person works. Intra group conflict is the current phenomena for study that guides employees to do their tasks better even in conflicts. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of intra group conflicts (emotional and cognitive conflicts) on the employees’ work effectiveness, and the moderating role of cultural diversity at work place. The sample size of the study was 306 people, however only 180 questionnaires were filled completely that meant the rate of respondents was 68.2%. After application of the statistical tests including multiple regression spilt method and correlation, the findings of the study suggested that overall there was a significant impact of this model and all the variables were positively correlated, while the role of cultural diversity as a moderating variable was not found very strong when the cognitive conflicts occurred. Moreover, at the managerial level, there was a need to understand the relation of intra group conflicts with the work effectiveness. Therefore, as conflicts are inevitable at workplace, it is better to make them functional rather than dysfunctional, additionally, the area of intra group conflict may still have various hidden factors to be explored.
The Common Good Matrix

Sonnentor, a name which translates directly as “Gate of the Sun” is an Austrian company which produces and sells about 800 items, of which 85 percent are organic teas and spices. The firm was established in 1988 and is still privately owned by its founder, Johannes Gutmann. The company ́s headquarters are in a small village in an economically disadvantaged region in Northern Austria with a subsidiary in the Czech Republic.
A Simple Controller for Quadrupedal Bounding

In this work, the dynamics of quadrupedal bounding is studied via the reduced-order sagittal-plane model of Fig. 1. The model is composed of a rigid torso and two massless springy prismatic legs. Albeit simple, models in this famil y have been found useful in uncovering many important properties of bounding. For example, it has been shown in [1] that a variety of bounding gaits can be generated passively, suggesting that such motions represent natural interactio ns between a quadruped and its environment.
HOOTON: IS THERE A GENERIC PROFILE OF TRAINEE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS WHO CHOOSE TO SPECIALISE IN MATHEMATICS? Citation

This study is an evaluation of learning style profiles and multiple intelligence domains of level seven trainee primary school teachers who chose to specialise in mathematics at the university where the research took place. Whilst this study focusses on mathematics specialists studying at post graduate level the information could be adapted to meet the needs of other subject specialists and undergraduates, dependent on their profiles. The valuable information gathered from 53 respondents training at a university that has been at the forefront of teacher education for 130 years highlights interesting relationships between the two sets of results and analyses by both gender and the specialism route that the students opted to follow. The study offers suggestions for training establishments to consider when educating the primary school mathematics teachers of the future, potentially leading to an impact on learning outcomes and student satisfaction.
Use of Cedrela odorata Linnaeus Exudate for Inhibiting Corrosion by Chlorides in Reinforced Concrete

This paper evaluates the use of cedar tree exudate in chloride penetration and the probability of steel corrosion in reinforced concrete (rc), considering 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 % exudate by cement weight in the mixture at water/cement (w/c) ratios of 0.55 and 0.60. Under these conditions, cylindrical specimens of 4 inches in diameter and 8 inches in height were constructed. The water-soluble chloride content of the extracted concrete powder was measured at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 cm depth according to astm C1218/C1218M, while the probability of corrosion was determined by measuring electric potentials with astm C876. A favorable incidence of 0.46 % by weight of concrete was found when using 0.7 % exudate at the w/c ratio of 0.55 at the closest depth to the steel, compared to the 0.55 % target. The probability of steel corrosion is reduced to 10 % with potentials higher than -0.2 V with more prolonged exposure to chlorides.
Nurses' Perception toward their Rights and its' Relation to Job Satisfaction at Benha University Hospital

Meeting nurses' rights are very important, because it affects the total outcome of hospital productivity, quality of care and nurses job satisfaction. The purpose of the study is to. assess nurses' perception toward their rights and its' relation to their job satisfaction at Benha University Hospital Adescriptive correlational design was utilized to meet the purpose of this study The study sample included 214 staff nurses working at Benha University Hospital Three instruments were used for data collection namely personal characteristics questionnaire, nurses' rights questionnaire and nurses' job satisfaction questionnaire. The results showed that about two thirds of staff nurses (65.9%) perceived their rights, More than half of staff nurses (54.6%) had low job satisfaction level and there was a highly statistically negative correlation between staff nurses' perception toward their rights and their job satisfaction. The study concluded that about two thirds of staff nurses (65.9%) perceived their rights, More than half of staff nurses (54.6%) had low job satisfaction level,. There was a highly statistically negative correlation between staff nurses' perception toward their rights and their job satisfaction. The study recommended that hospital administrator should encourage nurses' participation in decision making forums within the hospital, there should be clear job description with a defined set of duties, responsibilities and rights for staff nurses and there should be continuous education center within the hospital to enhance nurses' development.
Towards Practice and Principle Adoption through Continuous DevOps Leadership

The contribution emphasizes research undertaken in highly structured software-intensive organisations and the transitional challenges associated to agile, lean and DevOps practices andprinciples adoption journeys. The approach undertaken to gain insights to research questions resulted in data collected, through a series of interviews, by thirtypractitioners from EMEA region (Czech Republic, Estonia, Italy, Georgia, Greece, The Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, UAE, UK) working in ninedifferent industry domains. A set of agile, lean and DevOps practices and principles that organisations are choosing to include in their adoption journeys towardsDevOps-oriented structures is identified. The most frequently adopted practices of structured service management that can contribute to the success of DevOps practices adoption are also identified. Results indicate that software product development andoperations roles in DevOps-oriented organisationscan benefit from specific leadership styles.
Geometrical and thermal influences on a bacterial cellulose based sensing element for acceleration measurements

The need for a sustainable economy necessitates new environmentally friendly production technologies as well as devices that can be easily recycled, disposed of, and, finally, degraded, without any release of pollutants to the environment. In this context, bacterial cellulose (BC) has recently been investigated as an intriguing solution for the creation of green motion sensors. BC has excellent mechanical properties, and it is fully biodegradable and greener than the more common plant-derived cellulose. In this paper, we investigate the influence of geometry and environmental temperature on BC based sensing elements. More specifically, the influence of these quantities on a previously investigated BC-based accelerometer are reported. An experimental campaign and the characterization of the proposed green device for several geometries (from 7 to 22 mm of length) and various temperatures (from 5 °C to 55 °C) is addressed, obtaining very intriguing results.
The effectiveness of nest exclosures

Ground-nesting birds have declined world-wide, probably partly due to high nest predation. A non-lethal method for decreasing predation uses protective cages at nests. Tests have mainly looked at the effect of such nest exclosures on hatching success and adult predation, but several additional aspects need to be explored for a comprehensive evaluation of this conservation technique. Here, we test the effect of nest exclosures in two common European shorebirds: northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) and redshank (Tringa totanus), measuring hatching success, incubation length, hatching synchrony, hatchability, partial clutch loss, chick condition, and adult predation. In both species, protected nests had higher hatching success than unprotected nests. Taking into account incubation time, nest abandonment, hatchability and partial clutch loss, protected nests still hatched more young than unprotected controls. In lapwings, but not in redshanks, protected nests were incubated longer, but this did not impair the condition of lapwing chicks. Protected redshanks suffered increased predation on incubating adults, which often sit on the nest until a predator is close by. Our results emphasize the need for caution in the use of nest exclosures, particularly in redshanks and other species with similar incubation behaviour. Exclosures can, however, be a useful management tool in shorebirds that leave their nest early, when an approaching predator is still far away. 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Coffee Husk as Feldspar Substitute in the Manufacture of Enameled Ceramic Tile

This study researches the effect of adding coffee husk (ch) and coffee husk ash (cha) as partial feldspar substitutes to the manufacture of enameled ceramic tiles. Clays and other paste additives were characterized using xrd and xrf. The designed prototypes were pressed, dried, and fired at 1,120 °C. The physical (drying and firing shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption) and mechanical (flexion resistance) properties were evaluated and compared with standard fired specimens. Although the physical and mechanical properties of the specimens with 5 and 10 % ch and cha make them suitable for the manufacture of biib ceramic tiles, it was concluded that ch and cha under the working conditions do not replace feldspar in the preparation of enameled ceramic tiles due to surface quality defects.
Experimenting with corpora: preliminary results from a first replication of the Knobe effect using analysis of textual data

Experimental philosophy has developed as a way of empirically studying philosophical intuitions, be it as a way determine their content, as a means to uncover their epistemic role, or as a tool to put their reliability and validity into question (Knobe and Nichols 2008). To do so, it has mostly drawn from the methods of cognitive and social psychology; however, other methods, such as corpus methods, have been overlooked.
Simple Synthesis of 7‐Amino‐4,5‐dihydrobenzo[f][1,4]oxazepin‐3‐ones

Abstract A simple method for the synthesis of 7‐amino‐4,5‐dihydro‐benzo[f][1,4]oxazepin‐3‐ones from 5‐nitrobenzaldehydes and 2‐haloesters was described. The three‐step procedure involves the synthesis of methyl 2‐(2‐formyl‐4‐nitrophenoxy)alkanoates, followed by reaction with hydrazine hydrate and reductive cyclization of the formed aldazines. 2‐Hydroxyethyl derivatives of the title amines were prepared in good yields.
The application of artificial intelligence investment in capital markets: A case study of two constituent stocks of Dow Jones

Article Type: Full Length Research Article With the continuous advancement of science and technology, people continue to think about how to develop from weak artificial intelligence (AI) to strong AI. Researchers today already have big data richer than in the past, and use many new ideas of AI or data mining techniques to create many amazing achievements in various fields, such as the applications of sound, image and natural language. In addition, investment is also a hot topic that many people continue to explore, because investors always want to benefit from their decision-makings easily. In this paper, a reinforcement learning method is proposed to deal with the stocks market prediction. The information of the US stocks and data mining techniques were used to construct an online investment strategy, and conducted a comparative analysis of its different parameters. In this study, R software was apply to write the automated programs and build multiple technical indices or features. The shallow learning method--random forest (RF) was used to screen important features, and the support vector machine (SVM) classification method was also used to construct an online investment strategy. The empirical results obtained revealed that the average prediction accuracy can be increased significantly by adjusting the parameters of this model. Therefore, biology-based algorithms (GA, PSO and FOA etc.) or deep learning techniques (CNN, RNN etc.) can be further adopted in the future in order to obtain better accuracy and faster research results. ©2020 BluePen Journals Ltd. All rights reserved
Juvenile Pacific Salmon in Puget Sound Prepared in support of the Puget Sound Nearshore Partnership

T he Puget Sound Nearshore Partnership (PSNP) has developed a list of valued ecosystem components (VECs). The list of VECs is meant to represent a cross-section of organisms and physical structures that occupy and interact with the physical processes found in the near-shore. The VECs will help PSNP frame the symptoms of declining Puget Sound nearshore ecosystem integrity, explain how ecosystem processes are linked to ecosystem outputs, and describe the potential benefits of proposed actions in terms that make sense to the broader community. A series of " white papers " was developed that describes each of the VECs. Following is the list of published papers in the series. All papers are available at www.pugetsoundnearshore. org. Acknowledgments T he editorial assistance and oversight by M. Dethier producing this (and all other) White Papers are greatly appreciated. The comments of S. Simenstad and W. Graeber on drafts of the White Paper were invaluable. oversaw production of the papers. The Nearshore Science Team (NST) played a number of roles: they helped develop conceptual models for each valued ecosystem component (VEC), in collaboration with the authors ; individual members were reviewers for selected papers ; and members were also authors, including Megan De-thier, The Nearshore Partnership organization is especially grateful for the work done by series science editor Megan Dethier, who acted as facilitator and coach for the authors and liaison with the NST and PMT. We also thank the U.S.liams —for providing the crucial editing, design and production services that made final publication of these papers possible. To download PDF files of this and other reports in the series, visit our Web site at www.pugetsoundnearshore. org. Executive Summary P uget Sound salmon (genus Oncorhynchus) spawn in freshwater and feed, grow and mature in marine waters. During their transition from freshwater to saltwater, juvenile salmon occupy nearshore ecosystems in Puget Sound. This period of nearshore residence is critical to the viability, persistence and abundance of Puget Sound salmon. Thus, restoring and protecting nearshore habitats important to juvenile salmon must be a part of efforts to rebuild depleted salmon runs throughout this region. The primary objective of this report is to summarize what we know about salmon use of nearshore habitats to help protect and restore these habitats. Five species of Pacific salmon spawn and rear in Puget Sound. Use of nearshore ecosystems varies considerably between and within species. The concept that not all salmon use …
EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES, TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENTS OF MELIENTHA SUAVIS PIERRE

Melientha suavis Pierre (pak-wan pa) is a wild food plant found in Thailand and Southeast Asia. The aim of this research was to examine its antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of pak-wan pa in Thailand. Pak-wan pa extracts were prepared by solvent extraction using soxhlet apparatus. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH) assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The results found that the water extract of pak-wan pa exhibited antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 900-1150 g/mL in DPPH assay and 20 g/mL in FRAP assay, compared with that of gallic acid (2.84+0.008 g/mL) and trolox (0.94 ± 0.224), respectively. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents of pak-wan pa was found in the methanolic extract (2651,978 mgGE/100 g dry extract and 21-459 mgTE/100g dry extract) and in water extract (183-296 and 17-20 mgCE/100g dry extract), respectively. The results also showed a strong correlation between the FRAP scavenging activities and the flavonoid contents (Pearson correlation = 1.000) with significantly difference (p-value=0.013).