Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
miRNAs in Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is the most of common cancers, and is especially common in the Andean region of South America and in the Far East (Parkin, Pisani and Ferlay 1999). It can spread throughout the stomach and to other organs, including the esophagus, lungs, lymph nodes or liver. Therefore, gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world (Kim et al. 2011). Currently, it remains as one of common cancer types and still be a leading cause of cancer-related death. The development and progression of gastric cancer have been characterized by multiple genetic mutations of proto-oncogenes and tumorsuppressor genes (Wu et al. 2010, Wang et al. 2010). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-protein-coding short RNAs of 21-23 nucleotides (Kim, 2005; Bartel, 2004). It was initially discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans and thousands have been identified in many organisms, including human, mammals, invertebrates, insects, plants and viruses. In humans, miRNAs play important roles in cellular physiology, development, and disease by negatively regulating gene expression (Kim, 2005; Bartel, 2004). miRNAs regulate their target genes through targeting 3-UTR region of the gene. While miRNA is imperfect pairing with target gene mRNAs, it may lead to translational repression. Therefore, when perfectly paired with targeting genes, the result was cleavage of the target mRNAs. Depending on their respective target genes, miRNAs could act as tumor-suppressive or in an oncogenesis role. Tumor suppressive miRNAs have usually repressed growth-promoting genes, and oncogenic miRNAs targeted cell growth inhibiting genes. Previous studies have used an miRNA profiling approach to investigate the function of the miRNA in gastric cancer, showing many miRNAs aberrantly overexpressed or downregulated in gastric cancer progression. Various mechanisms contribute to miRNA aberrant expression during gastric carcinogenesis, including genetic mutation, epigenetic silencing and deregulated transcriptional activity. In this review, we will discuss the detailed mechanisms of miRNA deregulation, such as epigenetic alteration and transcriptional activity in gastric cancer progression. Based on their target genes, we further discuss miRNAs involved in important biological process related to cell growth, cell cycles, apoptosis and cell
A Factor Pricing Model under Ambiguity

We derive a factor pricing model under the economy where the representative agents preferences follow the smooth model of decision making under ambiguity as proposed by Klibano¤, Marinacci, and Mukerji (2005). A newly derived factor is called an ambiguity factor that captures a component of returns generated by ambigu- ity aversion.
ESSENTIAL molecular biology : A Practical approach

1. Strategies for research in molecular biology 2. Construction of genomic libraries in lambda and cosmic vectors 3. Construction of a cDNA library 4. Nucleic acid labelling and detection 5. Immobilization of nucleic acids and hybridization analysis 6. DNA sequencing 7. The polymerase chain reaction 8. Protein expression in Escherichia coli 9. Transcript mapping APPENDICES 1. Health hazards and safety procedures 2. Equipment for molecular biology research 3. Important Escherichia coli strains 4. Recipes and general procedures 5. Restriction endonucleases 6. DNA and RNA modification enzymes 7. List of suppliers' addresses
Regulation of the leading edge motility by PI (4,5)P2-dependent lipid microdomains

The lipid second messenger PI(4,5)P2 modulates actin dynamics, and its local accumulation at plasmalemmal microdomains (rafts) might mediate regulation of protrusive motility. However, how PI(4,5)P2-rich rafts regulate surface motility is not well understood. In this study, we show that upon signals promoting cell surface motility, PI(4,5)P2 directs the assembly of dynamic raft-rich plasmalemmal patches, which promote and sustain protrusive motility. The accumulation of PI(4,5)P2 at rafts, together with Cdc42, promotes patch assembly through NWASP. The patches exhibit locally regulated PI(4,5)P2 turnover and reduced diffusion-mediated exchange with their environment. Patches capture microtubules (MTs) through IQGAP1, to stabilize MTs at the leading edge. Captured MTs in turn deliver PKA to patches, to promote higher order patch clustering through further PI(4,5)P2 accumulation in response to cAMP. Patch clustering restricts, spatially confines and polarizes protrusive motility. Thus, PI(4,5)P2-dependent raft-rich patches enhance local signaling for motility, and their assembly into clusters is regulated through captured MTs and PKA, coupling local regulation of motility to cell polarity and organization.
Substrate distribution of chironomid larvae in the Oyun River, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Desde el 16 de diciembre hasta el 21 de abril de 1987 se estudio la distribucion de larvas de quironomidos en el Rio Oyun, en 1I0rin, Nigeria. Se capturo un total de 1023 individuos de los siguiente generos:' Chironomus (55.7%), Clinotanypus (16.6 %), Stictochironomus (16.4 %), Spaniotoma (8.1 %) Y Forcipomyia (3.1 %). La interrelacion de temperatura, transparencia, porcentaje de agua, materia organica y corriente, determina la abundancia, distribucion espacial y epoca de aparicion de estas larvas en cada, habitat. Aparentemente el habitat mas favorable para los quironomidos larvales es el rocoso, mientras que los fondos lodosos son desfavorables
In vitro ultrasonography of the normal sheep heart.

The anatomical structure of normal heart was studied in vitro through ultrasonography of 60 healthy hearts of sheep collected following slaughter. After removing the clot or any remained blood in atria and ventricles, the organs were imaged under water immersion at 25C, using a B-mode real time ultrasound scanner fitted with a 3.5 or 5.0 MHz sector transducer. The different cavities of the heart were imaged. The thickness of left ventricle wall (LV), right ventricle wall (RV) and inter-ventricular space (IVS) were measured. All the sizes obtained by ultrasonography were compared with those obtained by ruler. These sizes were quite comparable. Atrio-ventricular valves, semilunar valves and papillary muscles were seen as echogenic masses. The wall of ventricles, atrium and space between them were also echogenic and had homogeneous echotexture. The heart cavities did not show any echo and were observed homogenous. Apex of the heart, the root of the aorta, and pulmonary tract were also distinguishable.
Candida albicans mitochondrial dynamics during a yeast to hyphal transition

Candida albicans mitochondria (mt) undergo morphological changes during cell cycle events, however, the genetic basis for this change is not well understood. Electrophoresis of C. albicans total cellular DNA yields several intense ethidium bromide-stained moderately sized (>2.5 kilobase pairs) MspI (C/CGG) fragments. These apparent repeat units are shown to be mt in origin. MspI digests of mtDNA were cloned into the Clal site of pBluescript II. Four different mt-specific clones were chosen as probes to determine relative mt genome copy number in C. albicans wild-type and mutant strains grown in a serum-containing medium. The cloned fragments were radiolabeled and used to probe dot blots of total cellular DNA digests. Hybridization dot intensities were compared against similarly labeled C. albicans single-copy actin DNA to obtain an estimate of mt genome copy number. Stationary phase yeast cells contained approximately 3.4 mt genomes, as compared to 4.8 in 3 hr germ tubes. These results indicate that mt genome copy number increases over time during a yeast to hyphal morphogenesis. Hyphae-deficient mutants also yielded a higher number of mt genomes than wild-type strains. In addition to mt genome copy number changes, we detected changes in specific activities of both succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase. Comparison studies using cellular homogenates and crude mt fractions indicated that individual mt undergo changes in enzyme activity prior to mt division and growth. These findings imply that mt processes are important in the yeast to hyphal transition.
Numerical evaluations of mechanisms governing the heat transport in the edge plasma of tokamaks

La fusion nucleaire est une solution technologique prometteuse pour une nouvelle source d'energie. Cependant, utiliser la par fusion nucleaire confinement magnetique comme source d'energie constitue un challenge scientifique et technologique car cela requiere a la fois un bon confinement du plasma de cœur et un controle des flux de chaleurs arrivant a la paroi. Ce travail est motive par la problematique de la gestion des flux de chaleur dans les reacteurs de fusion. Cela est necessaire pour eviter d'endommager les couteux composants faisant face au plasma. La comprehension des mecanismes physiques regissant le transport de la chaleur dans le plasma de bord est une tâche critique pour le design des futures machines. Dans ce contexte, il est necessaire de faire des predictions fiables de l'etalement de la chaleur dans le but de dimensionner correctement ces futures machines. Cela appelle a un fondement theorique decrivant la maniere dont l'energie s'echappe du plasma. Des etudes theoriques et experimentales ont tente aboutir a cette fin, cependant les mecanismes en jeux ne sont toujours pas clairs. Pour atteindre ce but, la modelisation numerique est un complement necessaire aux experiences. Ce travail de these est dedie a l'etude numerique des differents aspects du transport de la chaleur dans le plasma de bord un utilisant les approches fluides. Une attention particuliere est porte a deux mecanismes suspectes de joue un grand role dans le transport de la chaleur : le transport intermittent due a la turbulence et le transport convectif a large echelle par les vitesses derives. Le probleme a ete traite avec une approche graduelle en utilisant different outils numeriques.
The Physiological Ecology of Vertebrates: A View from Energetics

Physiological ecology has grown in importance as an area of biology in the past thirty years and integrates the diverse approaches used in the comparative biology of organisms. Biologists segregate their approaches by technique and concept, but the boundaries among ecology, behavior, anatomy, and physiology are arbitrary and of no significance to organisms. Physiological ecology emphasizes the diversity of not only organisms, but also of solutions to (and evasions of) problems posed by the environment. In a comprehensive and authoritative synthesis of physiological ecology supported by more than 3,100 references, Brian K. McNab demonstrates the intellectual cohesion of the field. To ground his discussion in clearly understood contexts, McNab emphasizes the common thread of energy expenditure throughout the text and limits the discussion to vertebrates, which have familiar habitats and comparatively well-known evolutionary histories. A thorough scientific resource and reference tool, Physiological Ecology of Vertebrates is the first book to cover this complex subject. It will be the standard reference and basis for much future research in this fast-growing field of study.
Brightness variations of young Sun-like stars from ground-based and space telescopes

Abstract Young stellar objects often show photometric variability, which is well examined at optical wavelengths, but more and more infrared data are also available. The wavelength dependence of the variability carries information on the physical cause of the changing brightness. Here, we examine seven T Tauri-type stars known for their large amplitude variability selected from the Campaign 13 field of the Kepler K2 mission. We complemented the K2 light curves by multifilter optical monitoring observations made with the 90 cm Schmidt telescope of Konkoly Observatory, and by 3.6 and 4.5 μm infrared photometry with a 20 hours cadence using the Spitzer Space Telescope. We found that the wavelength dependence of the observed variability is not consistent with changing interstellar extinction. We suggest that the brightness changes are due to variable accretion, causing a variable illumination of the inner disk.
Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation: 28-30 May 2018, Universitat d'Alacant, Alacant, Spain

news.bridge provides a platform for multilingual video processing, including automated transcription and translation, subtitling, voice-over, and summarization, with post-editing facility of videos in a broad range of languages. The platform is currently in beta testing at Deutsche Welle for republishing of videos in other languages.
Employee Engagement and Social Media the Perfect Partnership

Social Media has changed the entire scenario in today’s world. Social media has become an integral part of the society and on an average people spend 2 hours in a day on social media. Organizations are integrating social media in all their practices from recruitment, development and engagement practices. The study aims to focus on how social media has played a role in employee engagement. It helps us to understand how organizations are considering the need and desire to use social media for their growth in this competitive world to stay in competition.
A New Species of Pseudotrapelus (Agamidae, Sauria) from Aqaba, Southern Jordan

A new species of Pseudotrapelus from Aqaba, southern Jordan is described. It differs from P. sinaitus in four well developed separated preanal pores in males, 3 rd toe much longer than 4 th and 16% incorrect p -distance (COI). Taxonomic relationships between Arabian Peninsula Pseudotrapelus need further investigations.
The Biology of the bronze bream, Pachymetopon Grande (Teleostei: Sparidae) from the south-east Cape coast, South Africa

The biology of the spend fish, Pachymeropon grande, was investigated from data collected on the southeastern Cape coast between August 1984 and March 1987. Sectioned sagittal otoliths revealed that they are a slow-growing, long-lived species capable of reaching ages in excess of 40 years. Detailed histological examination of gonadal development showed that they are rudimentary hermaphrodites, males and females maturing after a non-functional intersexual stage. The breeding season is restricted to between January and June, and observations suggest that they are group spawners with pelagic eggs. Maturity was reached at 300 mm fork length or approximately 5.5 years old. P. grande is primarily herbivorous, feeding selectively on rhodophytes found on inshore reefs down to approximately 20 m. Minor dietary components included hydrozoans, octocorals and other small invertebrates. Macroalgal degradation by gut endosymbionts or the utilization of macroalgal eplbionts was not evident, suggesting that storage and extracellular carbohydrates of the macroalgae were utilized In the diet The impartance of P. grande to the inshore recreational angling fishery, together with certain aspects of its biology, underline the need for conservation measures aimed at ensuring the sustainability of this resource.
Leaves of Spermacoce hispida as a Novel Cancer Therapeutic – An In Vitro Study

Antioxidant properties of many medicinal plants have been widely recognized and some of them have been commercially exploited. Plant derived antioxidants play a very important role in alleviating problems related to oxidative stress. Plants contain a wide variety of free radical scavenging molecules like flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, dietary glutathione, vitamins and endogenous metabolites are rich in antioxidant activities. Spermacoce hispida Linn (Rubiaceae), is a medicinal plant traditionally used to remove signs of old age, purify blood and improve vitality. The study was conducted to evaluate the potential antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of leaf of S. hispida Linn. In the present study S.hispida ethanolic leaf extract was evaluated for its nitric oxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals and reducing power assay using ascorbic acid as standard. The anti-proliferative activity of S. hispida with cisplatin, anticancer drug was evaluated in human ovarian cancer cell line PA 1 was measured by MTT assay. This extract preferentially inhibited the growth of the cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. The result clearly indicate that S. hispida is rich in good source of antioxidants. The S. hispida plant fulfilled its promise to inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. These results clearly indicate that S.hispida is effective against free radical mediated diseases
What risk do invasive bark beetles and woodborers pose to forests of the western U.S.?: A case study of the Mediterranean pine engraver, Orthotomicus erosus

Recently reported, and likely to threaten the health of standing trees in the urban and peri-urban forests of the West, are at least five new subcortical insect/pathogen complexes [Agrilus coxalis Waterhouse (Buprestidae) and four species of Scolytidae: Orthotomicus (Ips) erosus (Wollaston), Hylurgus lignipderda F. , Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov, and Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman, which vectors the invasive fungus, Geosmithia sp. ]. Through the Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet and Pest Alert series and other extension-type publications, personnel from USDA Forest Service Research and Development (R&D) have worked closely with USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection (FHP) specialists in the western regions to disseminate information to the public on the distribution, identification, biology, and potential impact of these new pests to western U.S. forests. Because the Mediterranean pine engraver, O. erosus, has the most potential to have a strong impact on conifers in western U.S. forests and elsewhere in North America, we focus on this species as a case study for the development of a species-specific national risk map (=Potential Susceptibility map) to illustrate how USDA Forest Service R&D and USDA Forest Service FHP [in this case the Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET)], can work cooperatively to address an issue of pressing national concern.
Psycho physical test in normal individual and diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy: comparative study

Purpose: To investigate the differentiating ability of psycho physical test which include contrast sensitivity function (CSF), dark adaptation (DA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in detecting functional losses in diabetic participants with and without retinopathy. Methods: In this cross-sectional study we examined 90 patients in L.N. Medical College and J.K Hospital, Kolar road, Bhopal between June to November 2017 including 60 diabetic patients (30 with retinopathy and 30 without retinopathy in fundus photography) with 30 control non-diabetic subjects matched for age and sex. The diabetic participants were sub grouped according to the level of retinopathy (EDTRS classification). CSF was examined by means of pelli robson chart in each eye; DA was assessed with photostress test and BCVA by Snellen chart. Results: When comparing visual performance of the right and left eyes of patients in each group, CSF was significantly lower in the diabetic eyes with retinopathy than in the normal eyes or the diabetic eyes without retinopathy. Comparing to control group, there was a statistically significant CSF loss in the diabetic eyes without retinopathy (P<0.05). The mean log MAR BCVA and DA abnormalities were significantly higher in the diabetic eyes with retinopathy than in the normal eyes or the diabetic eyes without retinopathy (P<0.001). There was no significant difference observed in mean log MAR BCVA and DA between those of diabetic eye with out retinopathy compared to the control group. Conclusion: There was significant difference observed in visual performance of those diabetics with retinopathy compared to those without. The findings also suggest that the appropriate combination of existing tests can be a useful method of improving screening accuracy in diabetic patients.
Regulation of Caspase-9 by Natural and Synthetic Inhibitors

Peptide libraries have proven to be useful in applications such as substrate profiling, drug candidate screening and identifying protein-protein interaction partners. However, issues of fidelity, peptide length and purity have been encountered when peptide libraries are chemically synthesized. Biochemically produced libraries, on the other hand, circumvent many of these issues due to the fidelity of the protein synthesis machinery. Using thioredoxin as an expression partner, a stably folded peptide scaffold (avian pancreatic polypeptide) and a compatible cleavage site for human rhinovirus 3C protease, we report a method that allows robust expression of a genetically-encoded XIAP-Bir3 inspired peptide library, which yields peptides of high purity. In addition, we report the use of methodological synchronization, an experimental design created for the production of a library, from initial cloning to peptide characterization, within a five-week period of time. Total peptide yields ranged from 0.8 to 16%, which corresponds to 2-70 milligrams of pure peptide per one liter of cell culture. Additionally, no correlation was observed between the ability to be expressed or overall yield of peptide-fusions and the intrinsic chemical characteristics of the peptides, indicating that this system can be used for a wide variety of peptide sequences with a range of chemical characteristics.
Screening Of Mungbean Germplasm Against Whitefly (Bemisia Tabaci Genn.) And Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus

Fifty seven genotypes of rainy season mungbean were screened against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci and Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) in the field for four years (2002-05). Two genotypes ML 1265 and ML 1229 were found promising as compared to other genotypes, standard checks ML 5, ML 267, ML 613 and SML 668 and the ‘Infester’. These genotypes have been identified as ‘resistant-donors’ against B. tabaci and the virus and are being used in breeding programme to grow high yielding insect resistant varieties.
Potential of enzymes for wood debarking

The effect of enzymatic pretreatment on the energy consumption of wood debarking was studied on the laboratory scale using enzymes to degrade the cambial layer. The energy consumed in debarking spruce was decreased as much as 80% after pretreatment with pectinolytic enzymes. In addition to polygalacturonase activity, pectin lyase and xylanase activities were also present in the most efficient enzyme preparation. Due to the complex composition of the cambium and inner phloem, these and other enzymes that hydrolyze the various inner bark components are probably needed for efficient debarking.
Effect of Different Bioassay Methods on Enzymatic Characteristics of Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypfi Glover （Hemiptera：Aphididae）

In this study, the susceptibility of three populations of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera:Aphididae) was assayed to imidacloprid (35SC) and thiametoxam (50WG). The involvement of metabolic enzymes in the resistance strain of cotton aphid to the neonicotinoids was determined by the biochemical biomarkers and the resistance mechanism was determined as CaE. In another study, three different bioassay experiments were designed for detecting the susceptibility of cotton aphid to imidacloprid and thiametoxam and the effect of these two insecticides on the enzymatic activity of cotton aphid was assessed in the adult aphids treated with three different bioassay methods using a modified version of the FAO dip test, residue bioassay procedure and starvation method. Our findings suggested that the type of bioassay methods is very important when aphids' populations assess for the resistance against the neonicotinod insecticides. It has shown the starvation method is the most reliable method compared with other methods.