Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stress-Related Positive and Negative Affect and Type 1 Diabetes Management in Early Emerging Adulthood

Author(s): Ramirez Loyola, Maria De Jesus | Advisor(s): Wiebe, Deborah J | Abstract: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) management is challenging during early emerging adulthood when youth experience heightened negative emotions while managing diabetes in new social settings that are increasingly separate from parents. Higher daily diabetes stress may generate affective reactions, such as higher negative affect (NA) and lower positive affect (PA), which may disrupt self-care behaviors and impair glycemic control. The present study drew on data from a larger longitudinal study that utilized daily diary and survey methods to examine if: 1) within-person fluctuations in daily diabetes stress are associated with fluctuations in daily affect (PA or NA); 2) between-person differences in T1D management (i.e., adherence or HbA1c) are associated with average levels of daily affect; and 3) individuals who display better T1D management also demonstrate lower levels of stress-related shifts in affect. Early emerging adults with T1D who had been diagnosed for more than one year (N=198; 68.2% female; Mage=18.81) completed a survey measure of adherence, an HbA1c assay, and a 14-day end-of-day daily diary assessing NA, PA, and the frequency of diabetes stressors experienced in the last 24 hours. Multilevel modeling revealed within-person associations of daily diabetes stress with daily affect, indicating that on days with higher than one’s average level of diabetes stress, participants displayed increases in NA and decreases in PA. Additionally, between-person level results indicated that individuals with better T1D adherence displayed higher average levels of PA, lower average levels of NA, as well as greater stress-related shifts in both NA and PA. Individuals with better HbA1c also displayed higher average levels of PA but did not display differences in average levels of NA nor in stress-related affect. Taken together, results indicate that regulating both NA and PA when experiencing the ongoing stress and hassle of managing T1D may be important during early emerging adulthood, an understudied but high-risk time for T1D management.
A sharp incisor tool for predator house mice back to the wild

The house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus), as a successful invasive species worldwide, has to forage a variety of resources. Subantarctic mice display among the most notable diet shift from the usual omnivorous–granivorous diet, relying on a larger proportion of terrestrial animal prey. In agreement, a recent study of their mandible morphology evidenced an evolution of their mandible shape to optimize incisor biting and hence seize preys. Here, the incisors themselves are the focus of a morphometric analysis combined with a 3D study of their internal structure, aiming at a comparison between subantarctic populations (Guillou island, Kerguelen archipelago) with a range of western European continental, commensal mice. The predatory foraging behavior of Guillou mice was indeed associated with a sharper bevel of the lower incisor, which appears as an efficient morphology for piercing prey. The incisor of these mice also displays a reduced pulp cavity, suggesting slower eruption counterbalancing a reduced abrasion on such soft food material. The dynamics of the ever‐growing incisor may thus allow adaptive incisor sculpting and participate to the success of mice in foraging diverse resources.
Image processing and recognition system based on DaVinci technology for solar activities

This paper designed an solar activities image processing and recognition system(SIPRS) for the diversity and complexity of the solar activities based on high-performance digital video processing technology: DaVinci technology.First,analyzed system hardware design,particularly analyzed the interface between digital cameras MDC1004 and DM6437.Second,abstracted eight core tasks according to the demand of the system in system software design.Third,implemented the Web-based remote system configuration and the image preprocessing,processing and recognition on solar activities for the SIPRS.Experiments show that by using a high-performance digital media processor,optimized real-time operating system,and optimized algorithm of image processing and recognition,the entire system can perfectly meet the requirements of the real-time solar image processing.
Alcohol and lactation: an updated systematic review.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide a critical review of the most recent literature from 2005 onwards, on the effect of alcohol intake during lactation on the hormonal control of lactogenesis; breastmilk alcohol concentration; the breastfeeding infant, and on the breastfeeding outcomes of the mother and infant dyad. An update on public policy guiding alcohol consumption during lactation nationally and internationally is explored. Methods: The databases PubMed, CINAHL, Proquest Health and Medical Complete, ScienceDirect, Medline and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched from 2005 onwards. Results: Alcohol inhibits the role of oxytocin in breastfeeding women, resulting in an increased time to milk ejection and a decrease in total breastmilk yield. Breastfeeding women are less likely to consume alcohol at high-risk levels, and drinking at these levels is associated with the early cessation of breastfeeding. A higher level of education and a higher income level are the characteristics of the maternal drinker during lactation. Conclusion: Available public health policy in Australia provides direction for breastfeeding mothers who choose to drink alcohol during this important stage of infant development.
Randomized phase II study of eribulin mesylate (E) with or without pembrolizumab (P) for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

1004 Background: Studies of checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy show only modest activity in HR+ MBC. We report data from the first randomized study comparing E plus P versus E alone in HR+/HER2- MBC. Methods: Eligible patients (pts) had HR+/HER2- MBC, ≥2 lines of hormonal therapies and 0-2 lines of chemotherapy for MBC. Pts were randomized 1:1 to E 1.4mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on d1 and d8 with P 200 mg/m2 IV on d1 of a 21-day cycle (Arm A) or E alone (Arm B). At time of progression, pts in arm B could crossover and receive P alone. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Key secondary endpoints were: objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS). Exploratory analyses assessed the association between PFS and PD-L1 status, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and genomic alterations by next generation sequencing on archival tissue. Results: 88 pts initiated protocol therapy; the median age was 58, median prior lines of chemotherapy 1, prior lines of hormonal therapy 2. Median follow-up was 6.3 months. Median PFS and ORR were not different between Arms A and B (PFS 4.1 vs 4.2 months p = 0.38; ORR 25% and 34% respectively (p = 0.49). 14 patients initiated crossover treatment with pembrolizumab; 1 patient experienced a PR (ORR 7%). All-cause AEs occurred in 100% of pts (G3-4, 54.6%) including 2 treatment related deaths on Arm A, both from known AEs attributed to both drugs. PD-L1 assay was performed in 65 pts: 24 (36.9%) had PD-L1 positive ( > 1% with 22C3, centrally tested) tumors. PD-L1 status, TILs, NLR, TMB, and genomic alterations were not associated with PFS (Table). Updated data, including OS and genomic results, will be presented. Conclusions: Among pts with HR+/HER2- MBC, the combination of E and P was not associated with longer PFS than E alone in the ITT or PD-L1+ population, though the PD-L1+ subgroup had very limited power to assess P benefit. Clinical trial information: NCT03051659. [Table: see text]
A whole word recurrent neural network for keyword spotting

The authors present a neural network which is trained on word examples to perform the wordspotting task. This network has multiple recurrent connections with time delay to account for temporal dynamics. A single network may be trained to recognize one word or many words. A hybrid wordspotter is evaluated in which a conventional wordspotter (based on dynamic time warping word matching) is used to screen incoming speech for potential keywords which are then passed to the network for the final accept/reject decision. Initial tests on a standard wordspotting test corpora resulted in improved keyword recognition at false alarm rates above zero. <<ETX>>
Constraint-induced movement therapy in a patient with ataxia after cerebellar tumor resection

Abstract Introduction: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a very modern method used in rehabilitation to treat individuals with functional impairment of the upper limbs. Objective: To apply the CIMT method and evaluate its effects in a patient with ataxia after removal of a cerebellar tumor. Method: This is a longitudinal interventional study of the case report type. The participant complained of tremors and difficulty writing and typing with the right hand as a result of the cerebellar tumor’s removal. She was subjected to CIMT daily in three-hour sessions for 10 days. The participant was evaluated with the Motor Activity Log (MAL) and the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT). Results: There was an improvement in the quantity, quality, speed, accuracy and strength with which the participant performed the tasks according to the MAL and WMFT scales. Improvement in writing was also identified and the report of better use of the member for daily tasks demonstrated the patient’s satisfaction after the end of therapy. Conclusion: This case report demonstrated the benefits of the application of the CIMT method in a patient with ataxia as a consequence of a rare cerebellar tumor, improving task execution time, strength and functional improvement of the affected upper limb.
Taxonomy, Distribution, and Lectotypification of Two Rare, Southern Appalachian Saxifrages, Micranthes careyana and M. caroliniana

ABSTRACT Taxonomists have traditionally distinguished two very similar Southern Appalachian endemic herbs, Micranthes careyana and M. caroliniana, by differences in four floral characters: sepal orientation, filament shape, petal coloration, and fruit length. Yet identification in the field and the herbarium has proven difficult, which is problematic for monitoring populations and determining rarity. The goal of this study was to examine these characters to clarify the differences between these species and their distribution, and to look for molecular differences in DNA sequences. Morphological variation was examined in the field and the herbarium, while leaf material was collected in the field for molecular analyses. Two of the four reported floral characters proved to be useful in species identification: sepal orientation and filament shape. Other key characters were not diagnostic to species. Fixed differences in floral characters were correlated with fixed differences in nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences, supporting their distinction as unique species in accordance with the diagnosability species concept. In molecular phylogenetic analyses, M. caroliniana and M. careyana accessions are reciprocally monophyletic and may not be sister species. Both are shown to be closely related to M. virginiensis, a widespread and variable taxon. We present a key to identifying M. careyana, M. caroliniana, and M. virginiensis in the Southern Appalachians and lectotypify M. careyana and M. caroliniana, names based on Asa Gray basionyms.
Causal Discovery of Dynamic Systems.

Recently, several philosophical and computational approaches to causality have used an interventionist framework to clarify the concept of causality [Spirtes et al., 2000, Pearl, 2000, Woodward, 2005]. The characteristic feature of the interventionist approach is that causal models are potentially useful in predicting the effects of manipulations. One of the main motivations of such an undertaking comes from humans, who seem to create sophisticated mental causal models that they use to achieve their goals by manipulating the world.Several algorithms have been developed to learn static causal models from data that can be used to predict the effects of interventions [e.g., Spirtes et al., 2000]. However, Dash [2003, 2005] argued that when such equilibrium models do not satisfy what he calls the Equilibration-Manipulation Commutability (EMC) condition, causal reasoning with these models will be incorrect, making dynamic models indispensable. It is shown that existing approaches to learning dynamic models [e.g., Granger, 1969, Swanson and Granger, 1997] are unsatisfactory, because they do not perform a necessary search for hidden variables.The main contribution of this dissertation is, to the best of my knowledge, the first provably correct learning algorithm that discovers dynamic causal models from data, which can then be used for causal reasoning even if the EMC condition is violated. The representation that is used for dynamic causal models is called Difference-Based Causal Models (DBCMs) and is based on Iwasaki and Simon [1994]. A comparison will be made to other approaches and the algorithm, called DBCM Learner, is empirically tested by learning physical systems from artificially generated data. The approach is also used to gain insights into the intricate workings of the brain by learning DBCMs from EEG data and MEG data.
Adult attachment as a risk factor for intimate partner violence

Introduction: Attachment theory focuses on the emergence and development of models acquired during child development and on the role that such models play in future interpersonal relationships throughout the life cycle [1]. The insecure attachment can be seen as a risk factor for intimate partner violence. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate attachment as a risk factor, mainly analyse the relationship between adult attachment, beliefs about intimate violence, aggression, and the presence of psychopathology in adulthood. Materials and methods: Data was collected in Victims Information and Assistance Office (partnership with Egas Moniz High University), between 2014 and 2018 from lawsuits, semi-structured interviews of the defendant, collateral information and clinical and forensic assessment tools [e.g. Experiences in Close Relationships, Brennan, Clark & Shaver, 1998; Portuguese Version Moreira, et al., 2006; Scale of Beliefs about Marital Violence, Matos, Machado & Gonçalves, 2000; Aggression Questionnaire, Buss & Perry, 1992; Portuguese Version Simões, 1993; Brief Symptom Inventory, Derogatis, 1993; Portuguese Version Canavarro, 1995)]. Defendants signed an informed consent term, which contained the goal of the evaluation, the limits of the confidentiality, and also information about the ethics and impartiality of the technicians. A total of 41 intimate partner violence offenders were evaluate. Results: The results show us that 21 offenders had a secure attachment and 20 had an insecure attachment (assess the two basic dimensions of individual differences in adult attachment style, namely avoidance and preoccupation). We found a positive association between preoccupation and beliefs about violence, namely minimizing small acts of violence (r=.55; p=.00), supporting violence through women’s misconduct (r=.36; p=.02), supporting violence through family privacy (r=.41; p=.00) and the general level of tolerance/acceptance of physical and psychological violence (r=.48; p=.00). There is a significant correlation between preoccupation and aggression (r=.52; p=.00), specifically anger (r=.48; p=.00) and hostility (r=.44; p=.00). Finally, we corroborate a relationship between preoccupation and psychopathology: Somatization (r=.34; p=.02), interpersonal sensitivity (r=.40; p=.01), depression (r=.44; p=.00), hostility (r=.37; p=.01), phobic anxiety (r=.49; p=.00) and psychoticism (r=.45; p=.00). Discussion and conclusions: The data demonstrated that some offenders tends to develop an insecure attachment in their intimate relationships, have an intense concern with relationships and a constant desire of closeness and obsession with abandonment and loss of intimacy. In a global analysis it appears that the attachment is relate with beliefs, aggression and psychopathology. In fact, these results allow aid professionals and institutions to have a deep knowledge about adult attachment as a risk factor.
Screening and evaluation of indigenous halo-tolerant microbes for salt stress alleviation in celery (Apium graveolens)

Salinity is one of the major environmental threats which damages growth and productivity of the plants. Microbial assistance in such stressful environment is well recognized. Here in this study, we isolated indigenous microbes and investigated their rescuing potential in celery plants grown under salinity stress. Celery is a widely consumed plant in salads. Plants were cultivated under varying levels (5 & 10% in aqueous solution against control) of salinity in the greenhouse with inocula of two isolated strains of rhizobacteria (RB) which were screened from locally collected soil samples. Data (chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanins, fresh and dry weights of plants, and lengths of root and shoot) were collected and analysed using SPSS. Biochemical isolation of the rhizobacteria was also performed. Plants inoculated with the isolated rhizobacterial strains indicated a statistically significant relief to the stressed plants which resulted in more chlorophylls’ (a, b & total), carotenoid and anthocyanin contents that were at par with control. Post inoculation elongation of root and shoot as well as fresh and dry matter accumulations were enhanced significantly. RB 20 indicated statistically significant relief to the plants compared to RB 10. Bacterial strains screening results showed that strains RB 6 & RB 20 proved their positive relieving strengths in the tests of indole synthesis, siderophore production, phosphorus solubilization, casein hydrolysis, catalase activity, citrate biosynthesis, gelatinase biosynthesis, H 2 O 2 production, motility test, osmotic regulation potential and starch hydrolysis. Hence, these indigenous microbes might be helpful in assisting celery plants grown under salinity conditions.
Non-Contact Early Warning of Shaking Palsy

Parkinsonian gait is a defining feature of shaking palsy (SP) and it has one of the worse impacts on human healthy life than other SP symptoms. The objective of this work is to propose a Parkinsonian gait detection system based on an S-band perception technique to classify abnormal gait and normal walking. Due to the differences in the Gaits of Parkinson’s patients compared with healthy persons, the wireless signals reflect and generates different variations at the receiver that could be used for SP diagnosis and classification. To detect a Parkinsonian gait, we first implement data preprocessing of the original data to obtain clear amplitude and phase information. Then, the feature extraction is carried out by principal component analysis (PCA). Finally, a support vector machine (SVM) classification algorithm is applied on collected data to classify the abnormal gait of SP patients compared with a normal gait. We evaluate the proposed system with different people, and the experimental outcomes show that the Parkinsonian gait detection of this training-based system achieves a high accuracy of above 90%. Moreover, the early warning of SP is achieved in a non-contact manner.
Effect of right censoring bias on survival analysis.

e18188 Background: Survival Kaplan-Meier analysis represents the most objective measure of treatment efficacy in oncology, though subjected to potential bias which is worrisome in an era of precision medicine. Independent of the bias inherent to the design of clinical trials, bias may be the result of patient censoring, or incomplete observation. Unlike disease/progression free survival, overall survival is based on a well defined time point and thus avoids interval censoring, but it is our claim that right censoring, due to incomplete follow-up, may still be a source of bias. Methods: The R version 3.5. 1 language and the integrated development environment RStudio were used for simulations and survival analysis with the survival package and their available datasets . Survival time was simulated according to a Weibull model with 2 parameters, shape and scale, that determine the event time for every case. Three types of right censoring mechanisms are considered and analyzed independently: 1) case censoring, in which a random number of cases are censored, and the resulting survival time is shortened by a random amount, 2) time censoring, in which a random censoring time variable is applied if and only if it is shorter than the event time, and 3) interim censoring, where a random time variable determines the case inclusion time since the start of trial, and a fixed cutt-off time determines if every case is censored (if the cutt-off time is shorter the the inclusion time plus the event time) or not. For every censoring mechanism, 100 trials was simulated with a 1000 uncensored cases arm and 1000 censored cases arm, in such a way that a censoring Cox hazard ratio (cHR) may be estimated for every trial. An interactive app showing the right censoring effect is presented. Results: A bias index (BI) was buit based on the survival time of event and censored cases. Case censoring was associated with higher BI (mean = 1.75, SD = 0.29) than time censoring (mean = 1.15, SD = 0.19, p = 2.02e-30) and interim censoring (mean = 0.72, SD = 0.21, p = 3.46e-34). It was found an inverse relationship between the censoring proportion and the cHR in case censoring (r = -0.86). Of all the available datasets, the Veterans' Administration Lung Cancer study showed a bias of 1.83, suggesting case censoring bias in both treatment arms. Conclusions: Based in the results of this study it is suggested that: 1) Final results should include all the events in the defined period of interest, 2) a bias index may help in detecting potential bias and correct estimated survival. Censoring bias analysis is planned in recent clinical trials.