Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heat and free energy of formation of carbon dioxide, and of the transition between graphite and diamond

There are reviewed the existing data on the entropies of oxygen, carbon dioxide, graphite, and diamond, and those on the heats of combustion of natural and artificial graphite and of diamond, includin§" the results recently obtained in a joint investigation by the National Bureau of tandards and the Coal Research Laboratory of the Carnegie Institute of Technology. The new thermochemical data are combined with values of the entropies to obtain values for the heat and free energy of formation of carbon dioxide, and for the transition between graphite and diamond. For C (c, graphite) +02 (g) =C02 (g), at 25° C, per mole, . 1Ho=-393,355 ±46 NBS international joules, or -94,030 ± 1l calories, and . 1Fo=-394,228 ± 58 NBS international joules, or -94,239 ± 14 calories. For C (c, graphite) = C (c, diamond), at 25° C and 1 atmosphere, . 1H=1,899 ± 124 joules, or 454 ± 30 calories, and . 1F=2,872 ± 129 joules, or 686 ±31 calories. For this transition, the following equation is derived, with some approximations, for the range T =273° to 1,400° K, and P=O to 20,000 atmospheres : . 1F=541.82+ 6700/T+Ll7662 T log T-2.43723 T-0.000221T 2[O.045660 + 0.91236X10-6T -0.7830XlO-loT2_0. 3623X10-12 T3] P+0.19X10-6P2 calories per mole. (In all of the foregoing values, conversion from the NBS international joule to the conventional calorie is made with the factor 1/4. 1833.) CONTENTS Page
THE DETERMINANTS OF INNOVATION PERFORMANCE: ANALYZING ORGANIZATIONAL CAPABILITIES.

Absorptive capacity theory has been central in understanding the importance of internal capabilities in taking advantage of external sources. This has driven multiple studies to consider firms internal capabilities when elaborating their empirical models. However, despite the number of studies carried out on this topic, the majority has focused on technological activities (mainly R&D) and has said little about the firm’s organizational capabilities. In this paper we highlight not only the relevance of technological capabilities but also the role of organizational capabilities in this process. The organizational dimension is analyzed by taking into account formal coordination mechanisms, that is to say, decentralization in decision-making and formalization in processes. The research draws on survey data from the Spanish Ceramic Tile Industry. The main results suggest that the effect of external knowledge acquisition on innovation is not only contingent on technological capabilities as advanced by previous literature, but also on certain organizational capabilities. In particular our study reveals formalization as an important attribute, which tends to exert a detrimental effect in transforming external knowledge into innovation results. Lastly, our results further suggest that the effectiveness of external knowledge exploitation can be contingent on the nature of the innovation (exploitative and exploratory).
Prioritized averaging/geometric aggregation operators under the intuitionistic fuzzy soft set environment

Soft set theory acts as a fundamental tool for handling the uncertainty in the data by adding aparameterizations factor during the process as compared to fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy set theory.In the present manuscript, the work has been done under the intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets (IFSSs)environment and proposed some new averaging/geometric prioritized aggregation operators in whichthe preferences related to attributes are taken in form of IFSSs. Desirable properties of its have alsobeen investigated. Furthermore, based on these operators, an approach to investigate the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem has been presented. The e ectiveness of these operatorshas been demonstrated through a case study.
Cellular geometry controls the efficiency of motile sperm aggregates

Teams of cooperating sperm have been found across several vertebrate and invertebrate species, ranging from sperm pairs to massive aggregates containing hundreds of cells. Although the biochemical mechanisms involved in sperm-sperm adhesion are unclear, aggregation can enhance the motility of the cells. Here, we report a thorough computational investigation on the role of cellular geometry in the performance of sperm aggregates. The sperm head is modeled as a persistent random walker characterized by a non-trivial three-dimensional shape and equipped with an adhesive region where cell-cell binding occurs. By considering both a simple parametric head shape and a computer reconstruction of a real head shape based on morphometric data, we demonstrate that the geometry of the head and the structure of the adhesive region crucially affect both the stability and motility of the aggregates. Our analysis further suggests that the apical hook, commonly found in the sperm of most muroid rodents, might serve to shield portions of the adhesive region and promote efficient alignment of the velocities of the interacting cells.
Environmental changes drive the temporal stability of semi‐arid natural grasslands through altering species asynchrony

Stability is an important property of ecological systems, many of which are experiencing increasing levels of anthropogenic environmental changes. However, how these environmental changes influence ecosystem stability remains poorly understood. We conducted an 8‐year field experiment in a semi‐arid natural grassland to explore the effects of two common environmental changes, precipitation and nitrogen enrichment, on the temporal stability of plant above‐ground biomass. A split‐plot design, with precipitation as the main plot factor and nitrogen as the subplot factor, was used. Temporal stability was related to potential explanatory abiotic and biotic variables using regressions and structural equation modelling. Increase in growing season precipitation enhanced plant species richness and promoted temporal stability of plant above‐ground biomass. Nitrogen fertilization, however, reduced both plant species richness and temporal stability of plant above‐ground biomass. Contrary to expectations, species richness was not an important driver of stability. Instead, community temporal stability was mainly driven by water and nitrogen availability that modulated the degree of species asynchrony and, to a lesser extent, by the stability of dominant plant species. Synthesis. Our results highlight the importance of limiting resources for regulating community biomass stability and suggest that the projected increase in growing season precipitation may potentially offset negative effects of increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition on species diversity and community stability in semi‐arid grasslands.
Optimization of Temperature Sensitivity Using the Optically Detected Magnetic-Resonance Spectrum of a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Ensemble

Temperature sensing with nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers using quantum techniques is very promising and further development is expected. Recently, the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectrum of a high-density ensemble of the NV centers was reproduced with noise parameters [inhomogeneous magnetic field, inhomogeneous strain (electric field) distribution, and homogeneous broadening] of the NV center ensemble. In this study, we use ODMR to estimate the noise parameters of the NV centers in several diamonds. These parameters strongly depend on the spin concentration. This knowledge is then applied to theoretically predict the temperature sensitivity. Using the diffraction-limited volume of 0.1 micron^3, which is the typical limit in confocal microscopy, the optimal sensitivity is estimated to be around 0.76 mK/Hz^(1/2) with an NV center concentration of 5.0e10^17/cm^3. This sensitivity is much higher than previously reported sensitivities, demonstrating the excellent potential of temperature sensing with NV centers.
ESTIMATION OF SPECTRAL ENVELOPE AND HARMONIC COMPONENT IN SPEECH USING EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm is proposed as an alternative to decompose the magnitude spectrum of the speech signal into harmonic and spectral envelope components. The EMD is a tool for the analysis of multi-components signals. The analysis method does not require a priori fixed basis function like conventional analysis methods (e.g. Fourier transform and wavelet transform). The EMD algorithm decomposes adaptively a given signal into oscillation modes namely the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) extracted from the signal itself. An adaptive method is developed to select the IMF index that enables to separate the harmonic component and the spectral envelope and then the IMF variance is used as a parameter to perform clustering in order to distinguish the IMFs that constitute the harmonic component and those constituting the spectral envelope. The proposed method is tested on both synthetic and natural speech signals.
Role of serum Neuron Specific Enolase in differentiating the side of brain lesion in acute ischemic stroke

Objectives: The aim of this study is to see the role of serum NSE (Neuron Specific Enolase) as a neuronal damage marker and in differentiating the side of brain lesion in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods: A total of 35 acute ischemic stroke patients (clinically and radiologically confirmed) irrespective of age and sex, admitted in Emergency Unit, Medicine Department within 24 hours of stroke onset were included in this study. Plain CT scan or MRI brain was done for all these patients on admission and after 48 hours to confirm the diagnosis and the side of the lesion in brain. Serum NSE was estimated by using NSE Human ELISA Kit, in the Department of Physiology. Results: In this study, serum NSE bears a positive significant correlation to the infarct volume in brain (r=0.783, p<0.001) and to the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (r=0.538, p=0.001). However, there is no significance difference between the serum NSE in right hemispheric brain lesion compared to left hemispheric brain lesion (p=0.596). Conclusions: Serum NSE within 24 hours of stroke onset can reflect the volume of brain lesion and severity of acute stroke but cannot differentiate the side of brain lesion in these patients.
Inference of recombination breakpoints using STARRInIGHTS

Strain-based Tree Analysis and Recombinant Region Inference In Genomes from High-Throughput Sequencing-projects (STARRInIGHTS; software and documentation available at http://almlab.mit.edu/star/) combines aspects of the two major classes of methods to detect homologous recombination events in microbial genomes: ‘substitution distribution methods’ (e.g. ClonalFrame (1) ) and ‘phylogenetic methods’ (e.g. (2, 3) ). Like substitution distribution methods, STARRInIGHTS allows the mutation rate to vary along the genome, allowing for the detection of recombination events that import a large number of substitutions simultaneously into a stretch of the genome. Like phylogenetic methods, STARRInIGHTS also explicitly models the tree topology separately for different parts of the genome, allowing for detection of recombination events that change the tree topology without necessarily importing a large number of new substitutions.
Impact of the Conscientiousness as Personality Trait on both Job and Organizational Performance

Present paper examined the effect of Conscientiousness Trait on Job Performance as sufficient evidence from literature proved that out of Big Five Personality Traits; Conscientiousness is a valid predictor of Job Performance across occupations and cultures. Therefore, present paper aimed to investigate relationship between Conscientiousness trait and Job Performance in Pakistani context. In the study, questionnaires were administered on 612microfinance staff from various parts of Pakistan. The original version of International Personality Item Pool inventory was modified and used to measure the Conscientiousness trait and for Job Performance measurement; researchers developed the instrument. The hypotheses were tested & checked by regression analysis. The study results endorsed that Conscientiousness has strong association with and also a valid predictor of employee Job Performance. The study findings also recognized that there is stronger link between Conscientiousness and Contextual Performance with then with Conscientiousness to Task Performance. Overall Job Performance was strongly linked to
Evaluation of Anthropogenic Air Emissions from Marine Engines in a Coastal Urban Airshed of Texas

Corpus Christi, Texas, is a growing urban area with a busy port and a petrochemical industrial base that is currently in compliance with the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ozone. However, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) has classified this urban airshed as a near non-attainment area. A comprehensive annual air emission inventory based on marine engines activity was developed for the years of 2006-2009 for the Port of Corpus Christi, Texas using recent EPA approved methodology. A regional-scale photochemical model Comprehensive Air Modeling system with extensions (CAMx) was used to evaluate the impact of these emissions on the ground level ozone concentrations by zeroing out the emissions and employing Direct Decoupled Method (DDM) for sensitivity analysis to estimate the 8-hour ozone sensitivity coefficients due to NOx and VOC emissions from marine engines. The analysis has shown a localized increase of up to 7.8 ppb in the 8-hour ozone concentration very close to the port premises and a decrease of about 1.73 ppb further downwind. Ozone sensitivity analysis using DDM on the 8-hour ozone concentrations showed a higher sensitivity to NOx emissions. Thus, any NOx related controls of marine engines will benefit local urban and regional ozone levels.
Application-Directed DVFS using Multiple Clock Domains on Graphics Hardware

As handheld devices have become increasingly popular, powerful programmable graphics hardware for mobile and handheld devices has been deployed. While many resources on mobile devices are limited, the predominant problem for mobile devices is their limited battery power. Several techniques have been proposed to increase the energy efficiency of mobile applications and improve battery life. In this thesis, we propose a new dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) on Graphics Processing Units (GPU). In most cases, cues within the graphics application can be used to predict portions of a GPU that will be used or unused when the application is run. We partition the GPU into six clock domains that can be clocked at different rates. Specifically, each domain it has its own voltage and frequency setting based on its predicted workload to save energy without reducing applications frame rates. In addition, we propose an signature-based algorithm for predicting the workload offered to our six clock domains by a given application to decide voltage and frequency settings. We conduct experiments and compare the results of our new signature based workload prediction algorithm with some other traditional interval based workload prediction algorithms. Our results show that our signature-based prediction can save 30-50% energy without affecting application frame rates.
CAPI-Flash Accelerated Persistent Read Cache for Apache Cassandra

In real-world NoSQL deployments, users have to trade off CPU, memory, I/O bandwidth and storage space to achieve the required performance and efficiency goals. Data compression is a vital component to improve storage space efficiency, but reading compressed data increases response time. Therefore, compressed data stores rely heavily on using the memory as a cache to speed up read operations. However, as large DRAM capacity is expensive, NoSQL databases have become costly to deploy and hard to scale. In our work, we present a persistent caching mechanism for Apache Cassandra on a high-throughput, low-latency FPGA-based NVMe Flash accelerator (CAPI-Flash), replacing Cassandra's in-memory cache. Because flash is dramatically less expensive per byte than DRAM, our caching mechanism provides Apache Cassandra with access to a large caching layer at lower cost. The experimental results show that for read-intensive workloads, our caching layer provides up to 85% improved throughput and also reduces CPU usage by 25% compared to default Cassandra.
Supervisory Control of Structured Discrete Event Systems

In this paper, the control of a class of Discrete Event System is investigated. Discrete event systems are modeled by a collection of loosely synchronous Finite St ate Machines. The basic problem of interest is to ensure the invariance of a set of particular configurations i n the system. We provide algorithms that, based on a particular decomposition of the set of forbidden configura tions, locally solve the control problem (i.e. on each component without computing the whole system) and prod uce a global supervisor ensuring the desired property. Key-words: Discrete Event Systems, Supervisory Control Problem, stru ctu ed Finite State Machines, Optimal control
Atypical Presentation of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disease characterized by widespread areas of abnormal bone formation in muscles, ligaments, tendons and joint capsules. Typically, the symptoms begin in the first decade of life with episodes of painful inflammatory soft tissue swellings. Gradually, there occurs restriction of motion at various joints, severely limiting the activities of daily living and the quality of life of such patients by the third decade of life. There is no definite cure available for the disease and the current treatment options target symptomatic and palliative management. We describe the case of a 10-year-old child who presented to our institute with a severe disability of upper limbs due to joint contractures along with several bony masses at various locations of the body but without having any prior complaints of painful soft tissue lesions or the characteristic flare-ups of the disease ever. Identification of typical soft tissue ossified masses in the specific anatomic pattern, along with the presence of short and malformed great toes helped us in reaching the diagnosis. Surgical procedures including biopsies should be strictly avoided in such patients to prevent triggering the development of more lesions, which occurred in our patient after inadvertent removal of the first swelling by an orthopaedic specialist.
Electrical Characteristics Comparison Between Single Gate SOI N-MOSFET And Double Gate SOI N-MOSFET Using Silvaco Software

Investigation of electrical characteristics of single gate SOI MOSFET and double gate DG SOI MOSFET devices in order to compare their electrical characteristics using Silvaco software was done and presented in this paper. The comparisons were focused on four main electrical characteristics that are threshold voltage, saturation current, leakage current and subthreshold voltage. The device structures and the characteristics were constructed, examined and simulated using Silvaco-Atlas.Results were analyzed and presented to show that the electrical characteristics of DGMOSFET transistor are better than that SOI MOSFET transistor. Keywords-Technology SOI, SOI MOSFET, DG SOI MOSFET, Silvaco Software.
Creative Excellence in the Japanese University: Knowledge-Content-Cognition and Language-Culture-Communication Integrated Global Awareness Learning

Barnett (1997) argues that the university has lost its way, but that the world needs the university more than before but for different reasons. He says that the university must clarify a new role in the world and in society, and find a new vocabulary, and a new sense of purpose. The world including the university is faced with what Barnett calls supercomplexity where human frames of understanding, action, and identity are continually changing and being challenged. In this new supercomplex world, the university, Barnett maintains, must take on two roles in particular. Firstly, it needs to compound supercomplexity, thus making the world more challenging than it has seemed. The second role is to enable humans to live effectively in this chaotic world. Internally, says Barnett, the university needs to become a new kind of organization that must, whether it likes it or not, live with uncertainty (i.e. “the uncertainty principle”) and at the same time help people to live with and revel in that uncertainty. Creativity, excellence, and excellence in creativity are also uncertain in this new supercomplex world which requires new and innovative ways of framing their interpretations and development in higher education. We focus in this paper on the potential of additional L2 global language English to serve as the medium of effecting an integrated content-knowledge-cognition and language-culture-communication creatively excellent higher education. However, it is our belief and hope that such a higher learning can and should be developed in the L1 Japanese language as the primary medium of learning and communication. The employment and deployment of CLIGAL in the home L1 Japanese and the globally useful L2 English are necessary for there to be creative excellence across the Japanese higher education curriculum.
Paramount Role of Solid Dispersion in Enhancement of Solubility

One of the favorable strategy to improve the solubility and hence bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs is the formulation of solid dispersion. It refers to dispersion of an active ingredient in a carrier at solid state which is prepared by solvent evaporation method, melting method, melt solvent method, kneading method, co-grinding method, co-precipitation method, modified solvent evaporation method, spray drying, gel entrapment technique, and co-precipitation with supercritical fluid. On the basis of the carrier used in solid dispersion it is classified as first, second and third generation solid dispersions. As per biopharmaceutical classification system class II drugs are with low solubility and high permeability and are the promising candidates for improvement of bioavailability by solid dispersion. Some of the practical aspects to be considered for the preparation of solid dispersions, such as selection of carrier, molecular arrangement of drugs in solid dispersions are discussed in this article. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights
Limited support for the “abundant centre” hypothesis in birds along a tropical elevational gradient: implications for the fate of lowland tropical species in a warmer future

Since Darwin, ecologists have assumed that species tend to be abundant in the centre of their geographic distributions and rare at their range edges. We test two predictions of this abundant centre hypothesis: (a) that species are common in the centre of their range and rare at the edges and (b) that empirical distributions along environmental gradients are well described by symmetric bell‐shaped curves.
Multi-view Image Generation Using Single-view Color Image and Low-resolution Depth Map

Among various 3D video formats supporting multiview navigation, single viewpoint video-plus-depth format consisting of a high-resolution color image and low-resolution depth map receives a lot of attention. This format provides high compression efficiency, but it needs additional tasks: depth map enhancement and virtual view synthesis. In this paper, we propose a multi-view generating system from the single-view format. The proposed system refines an initial depth map with consideration of color and cumulative gradient values of a color image. After enhancing the initial depth map, the proposed system automatically generates multi-view images by using 3D warping, color mapping, and hole filling. The experimental results show that the proposed system can generate high quality multi-view images although input depth maps have lowresolution and contain errors around boundaries. Keywords—multi-view image; depth map; free viewpoint TV; view synthesis; 3D TV