Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Portable Heart Rate Detector Based on Photoplethysmography with Android Programmable Devices for Ubiquitous Health Monitoring System

In this paper, a miniature portable heart rate detector system is implemented by modern hardware ICs and simple sensor circuit with software executable on both PC and Android platform. The biosignal is first extracted via photoplethysmography (PPG) principle into electric signal. Then a microprocessor is used to covert biosignal from analog to digital format, suitably for feeding into an RF module (nRF24L01 for RF transmission). On the receiver end, the computer and/or smart phone can analyze the data using a robust algorithm that can detect peaks of the PPG waveform, hence to calculating the heart rate. Some application software running on Windows and Android phone have been developed to display heart rate information and time domain waveform to users for health care monitoring. In the future, pure Bluetooth technology will be used for wireless personal communications instead of RF modules. At the same time, the data can be sent to computer console using existing available networks (3G, 4G, WiFi, etc.) for health database logging purpose.
Unobtrusive drowsiness detection by neural network learning of driver steering

Abstract The purpose of this study is to detect drowsiness in drivers unobtrusively to prevent accidents and to improve safety on the highways. A method for detecting drowsiness/sleepiness in drivers is developed. This method is based on an artificial neural network (ANN). Steering angle signals are preprocessed and presented to the ANN which classifies them into drowsy and non-drowsy driving intervals. The method presented here relies on signals from the vehicle steering only (steering angle) and thus presents no obstruction to the driver. A feedforward ANN was trained using an error back-propagation algorithm and tested. The training and testing data were obtained from a previous experiment in a driving simulator driven by 12 drivers, each under different levels of sleep deprivation. The network classifies driving intervals into drowsy and non-drowsy intervals with high accuracy.
Sensorless operation of a fault tolerant PM drive

There is much interest in the use of electric drives for aeroengine fuel pumps on the more electric aircraft. As a safety critical system the drive Must possess fault tolerant properties in order to meet the reliability requirements. Previous work has resulted in the development of a six-phase fault tolerant permanent magnet drive for this application. This drive exhibits fault tolerance in both the motor and power electronics but has the weakness of dependence on a single shaft position sensor. This is addressed through the use of a position estimation scheme. The sensorless scheme makes use of a flux linkage-current-angle model to estimate the rotor position. The fault tolerant drive has six independent phases and the voltage and current measurements from each of these phases are used by the estimation scheme. Two different position estimation algorithms are examined based on 'per-phase' and 'all-phase' approaches.
Effect of Thickness of Damping Material on Vibration Control of Structural Vibration in Constrained Layer Damping Treatment

The reduction of noise and vibration is a major requirement for performance of any vibratory system. Passive damping technology using viscoelastic materials is classically used to control vibrations. Viscoelastic material among the damping materials is widely used to dissipate the structural vibration energy. Three-layer sandwich beams, made of two elastic outer layers and a viscoelastic layer sandwiched between them, are considered as damping structural elements. This paper presents the effect of thickness of constrained damping material on modal loss factor of vibrating structures. Measurements are performed on sandwich beam structure. In order to understand the effectiveness of the sandwich structures, the dynamics of beam with constrained viscoelastic layers are investigated. Comparisons of the experimental and the Numerical results confirm that the damping levels and the natural frequencies of damped structures are well corroborated.
A blunt sampling probe developed for an in situ leak test of HEPA filters in high-level biosafety laboratory

High-efficiency air filtration is an important means of preventing harmful aerosol overflow in biosafety laboratories. For convenience in the in situ scanning leak test of a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter to ensure the filter's intactness, a cylindrical blunt sampling probe is developed. The sampling inlet is of the slot type and the inlet's length equal the width of the HEPA filter. Thus, the entire downstream face of the HEPA filter may be scanned. To evaluate the blunt sampling probe's ability to detect leaks, the scanning leak test performed on a HEPA filter unit was compared with a test using the thin-walled rectangular sampling probe that is recommended by relevant standards. Based on the comparison, the leak penetration determined using the blunt sampling probe was slightly lower than that determined using the reference sampling probe. Additionally, differences were observed according to the location that was tested. However, the blunt sampling probe could detect leaks through the comprehensive analysis of the local penetration of most-penetrating particle size (MPPS) and non-MPPS particles.
Application of Dual TM Modesto Triple- and Quadruple-Mode Filters

The cylindrical cavity dual orthogonal transverse magnetic (TM) mode is introduced as a basic building block for the realization of microwave multiple-coupled-cavity bandpass filters. This concept is shown to offer significant advantages in the design of triple-mode filters and permits the design of the new quadruple-mode filter. Experimental verification is provided by the realization of a triple-mode, six-pole elliptic function bandpass filter with dual TM/sub 110/ and single TE/sub 211/ (transverse electric) modes and a quadruple-mode, eight-pole bandpass filter with dual TM/sub 110/ and dual TE/sub 112/ mode cavities. All units exhibit good agreement between theory and experiment.
Antecedents and Consequences of Team Stability on New Product Development Performance

Group member change or team stability is a popular and important topic in the group and organizational behavior literature. Team member stability is viewed as a critical factor for an effectively functioning and performing group. Even though there is a plethora of studies on group member change and stability, research on member stability in cross-functional new product development teams is still lacking. This study explores the antecedent factors that impact new product development team stability as well as its consequences. By studying 211 new product teams, we found: (1) the most direct antecedents of team stability are goal stability and goal support; and (2) team stability has a significantly positive effect on outcome variables including team learning and cycle time. This study also shows that team stability may not be universally good; under some circumstances, such as when there is a high degree of market and technical turbulence, team instability can be advantageous.
Environmental Responsibility, Psychological Distance, and Environmental Consumption: Mediation in Accounting Students

Objective: this study aimed at analyzing the relationship between psychological distance and environmental consumption, embodied in the intention to purchase and loyalty to pro-environmental products, mediated by environmental responsibility. Methods: 113 responses obtained through a survey conducted with academics from the Accounting Sciences course were analyzed, using the structural equation modeling technique to identify the proposed relationships and the possible mediating effect between the constructs. Results: the results illustrate the existence of partial mediation of environmental responsibility in the relationship between psychological distance and the intensity of purchase and total with the loyalty of consumers. The non-rejection of the research hypothesis exposes the importance of analyzing psychological elements regarding to the consumption behavior of pro-environmental products. Conclusions: theoretical contributions indicate that environmental responsibility is capable of promoting the consumption of pro-environmental products. In practical terms, Accounting courses can incorporate discussions about socio-ethical-environmental values, expanding classroom debates about environmental responsibility beyond the financial aspects specifically aimed at creating economic value for the organization.
A SRF Power Flow Control Method for Grid-Connected Single-Phase Inverter Systems

It is well known that distributed generation(DG) system using renewable energy is an alternative to solve the problems which result from the exhaustion of fossil fuel and the environmental pollution. A PWM inverter is required for a power flow control in the DG systems. This paper proposes a SRF power flow control method considering grid impedance in grid-connected single-phase inverter systems. The proposed SRF power flow control method can provide a voltage-reference for the single-phase inverter even without any grid impedance estimation so that the single-phase inverter system could operate in stand-alone mode and grid-connected mode based on the known nominal value of grid impedance. Also independent controls of active and reactive power are achieved by the proposed control method. The effectiveness and the validity of the proposed control method are demonstrated through simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed control method can control properly power flow in grid-connected single-phase inverter systems.
Bone mineral density of rat femurs after hindlimb unloading and different physical rehabilitation programs

Bone weakening can occur due to the absence of load on the skeleton or even short periods of decreased physical activity. Therefore, musculoskeletal diseases that involve temporary immobilization by casts, inactivity or tension increases the risk of fractures. Physical activity is the most studied procedure both to prevent damage and to restore bone structure. The present study aimed at evaluating, by bone densitometry on rat femurs, the influence of hindlimb unloading and later running activity on treadmill or free movement. Sixty-four Wistar rats were used, aged 65 days with a mean corporal mass of 316.11g, randomly divided into eight experimental groups: group 1, the suspended control with seven animals under hindlimb unloading regimen for 28 days, then euthanized; groups 2 and 3, the trained suspended comprising of 7 and five animals, respectively, subjected to hindlimb unloading for 28 days, followed by treadmill exercise for 28 days (group 2) or 56 days (group 3), then euthanized; groups 4 and 5, designated free suspended, comprised of 7 animals each under hindlimb unloading regimen for 28 days followed by free activity in cages for 28 days (group 4) or 56 days (group 5), then euthanized; groups 6, 7 and 8, negative controls, each with 8 animals allowed to free activity in cages and euthanized at the ages of 93, 121 and 149 days, respectively . Bone mineral density (BMD) of the left femur was analyzed by bone densitometry. Unloading by tail-suspension decreased BMD while treadmill training and free activity in cages promoted its recovery in a similar way and over time.
Coordination patterns and clinical performance levels in the management of a simulated anesthetic crisis

Many critical situations in health care correspond to difficulties in teamwork, communication, and coordination. This study aimed at describing differences in coordination processes of high and low performing crews during a simulated anesthetic crisis. We coded the coordination process of 24 anesthesia crews during a simulated crisis scenario using a predefined set of observation categories. We compared the coordination patterns of crews with different clinical performance levels (CPL). During the actual crisis, several differences can be noted in the coordination processes of crews with different CPLs. For example, higher performing crews seem to have a more centralized coordination structure and spent less time on task management. This study provides empirical insights into the relationship of coordination patterns and CPLs during a simulated anesthetic crisis. A more comprehensive study including different types of crisis situations will support the development of specific coordination trainings to further improve performance.
State estimation for power distribution system and measurement impacts

A distribution state estimator (DSE) based on the weighted-least-square approach and three-phase modeling techniques is presented in this paper. The three-phase model required to formulate the state estimator is developed. Customer load estimates and real-time measurements are modeled as expected values with errors. Particularly, this paper introduces the concept of stochastic results of DSE and has a detailed analysis. Test examples are used for demonstrating the capabilities of a DSE. The influence of the measurement placement and measurement accuracy on the estimated results are discussed. Other system parameters that affect the system state deviations are illustrated. The practice application of a prospective DSE is discussed.
Release and surface-passivation techniques of stiction-free surface micromachined structures

Mechanical instability and stiction of surface structures are troublesome problems in the microfabrication of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). They are particularly critical when separation gaps are in the sub-micrometer scale. Fabrication-related stiction is usually the result of the rinse-and-dry procedure following the sacrificial layer etch in the structure-release process. The operation-related stiction is the result of over-range operation or capillary condensation after packaging resulting from operation in humid environment. We will present a survey and analysis of various release methods used to hedge stiction problems during fabrication, and then draw a useful comparison among various techniques. Likewise, we will examine some ideas put forward to remedy against post fabrication stiction. The underlying physics for stiction is fundamental to our understanding of the various forces coming into play on the structures in the dimensional scale most utilized in MEMS. We will have a brief look at the proposed theory for modeling these phenomena.
The Metrological Basis and Operation of Nanopositioning and Nanomeasuring Machine NMM-1Metrologische Grundlagen und Wirkungsweise der Nanopositionier- und Messmaschine NMM-1

Abstract After an explanation of the set-up of a nanomeasuring machine NMM-1, its high performance is described with a metrological analysis. This analysis shows some of today´s limits of nanopositioning and nanomeasuring engineering. Single, double and triple beam plane mirror interferometers are applied in the nanomeasuring machine in order to measure and control the six degrees of freedom of the 3D nanopositioning stage. The various applications of the nanomeasuring machine are based on the installation of optical and tactile nanoprobes above the 3D nanopositioning stage. The set-up, function and measurement results of some zero-point nanoprobes in combination with the nanomeasuring machine are explained.
Field Study of Luminaire Dirt Depreciation

A field study of luminaire dirt depreciation was conducted over a three year period and included over 200 sites in the U.S. Recessed 2 x 2 and 2 x 4 fluorescent luminaires, both louver and lens-panel types, were incorporated in the study. The sites included offices, schools and retail establishments. The IESNA recommended luminaire dirt depreciation factors now in use were formulated in the middle of the last century. Analysis of the results from this present study shows these existing recommendations significantly overestimate the light loss due to dirt deposited on luminaire surfaces. The improvement found in luminaire dirt depreciation factors is believed to be principally due to changes in the indoor environment since the 1950s when the original luminaire dirt studies were made. The significance of these results is that the increase in the initial design light level over the required maintained light level is less in those applications where the results of this study are applicable.
UWB small slot antenna with WLAN frequency band-stop function

A new design of a multi-resonance small slot antenna with variable band-notched function for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is proposed. The proposed slot antenna consists of a square radiating stub and a ground plane with a pair of L-shaped parasitic structures and an inverted T-shaped strip protruding inside the rectangular slit, which provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 135% (2.98–16.73 GHz), while showing the band rejection performance in the frequency band of 5.05–5.9 GHz to avoid any interference from wireless local area network systems. The designed antenna has a small size of 20 × 20 × 0.8 mm3. Simulated and experimental results obtained for this antenna show that it exhibits good radiation behaviour within the UWB frequency range.
Analytical 2D modeling for potential distribution and threshold voltage of the short channel fully depleted cylindrical/surrounding gate MOSFET

A two-dimensional analytical model for fully depleted cylindrical/surrounding gate MOSFET is presented. We used the evanescent mode analysis to solve the 2D Poisson's equation and to deduce analytically the surface potential and threshold voltage expressions of this device. Comparison with the other models reveals a good agreement.
Performance of photo-catalytic paving blocks made from waste

Preliminary studies at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University showed that concrete paving blocks made from local waste materials (including construction/demolition waste and waste glass cullet) can be used to remove nitrous oxide (NO) when titanium dioxide (TiO2) was incorporated in the mix design. To determine the effectiveness of the photo-catalytic paving block when used in field conditions, a batch of factory-produced photo-catalytic paving blocks was produced and used in an actual site trial. The air quality of the field testing site was continuously monitored to analyse the effect of the blocks towards the surrounding air quality. The observations showed that nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentrations were reduced by 13% at ground level and by 10% at the breathing zone. After a period of four months the blocks were removed from test site and taken back to the laboratory to analyse whether their ability to remove NO had been degraded. The results showed a decrease in performance of 23%, which is low compared .
Real time implementation of artificial neural networks-based controller for battery storage supported wind electric generation

Energy storage systems have established their capability to overcome the problems caused by intermittent nature of renewable sources when integrated to existing grid. Voltage and frequency control, as well as load shifting can be done using grid level storage systems incorporated with renewable sources. They can effectively serve the system as an energy sink and source. Operational use of energy storage for grid level support of a wind electric generator (WEG) is demonstrated in this study. The battery storage supported WEG along with controllers is modelled. Artificial neural network controller, which is having inherent learning capability, is developed to regulate the power flow between wind generator and utility grid. The proposed algorithm and the corresponding controller are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and implemented in the DSP processor. The real time data exchange between Simulink and the floating point DSP processor TMSF32028335 is realised using on-board JTAG emulator. The hardware implementation using DSP processor presented in this work establishes the efficacy of the proposed control strategy for real time applications.
Formation Control of Wheeled Robots in the Port-Hamiltonian Framework

Abstract This paper proposes a new control strategy for the formation control of a network of wheeled robots. Starting from the rigid body dynamics, a dynamical model of the wheeled robot is derived in the port-Hamiltonian framework. The formation control objective is achieved by interconnecting the robots using virtual couplings, which give a clear physical interpretation of the proposed solution. Simulation and experimental results are given, to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Optimal Algorithmic Trading Strategy with the Price Appreciation Cost

Financial markets has witnessed an explosion of algorithmic trading strategy which can help traders especially involved in high-frequency trading efficiently reduce invisible transaction cost. The VWAP strategy usually used by traders can only decrease the cost of price impact by breaking block order into small pieces. However, the behavior of such order splitting may result in inevitable opportunity cost as well as price appreciation. This paper establishes a new algorithmic trading strategy to minimize total transaction costs including price impact, opportunity cost and price appreciation. The results show that the total transaction cost of this optimal trading strategy is lower than VWAP strategy.
Research on Material Selection with Multi-Attribute Decision Method and G1 Method

The selection of an optimal material is an important aspect of design for mechanical, electrical, thermal, chemical or other application. Many factors (attributes) need to be considered in material selection process, and thus material selection problem is a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problem. This paper proposes a new MADM method for material selection problem. G1 method does not need to test consistency of the judgment matrix. Thus it is better than AHP. In this paper, firstly, we use the G1 method to determine the attribute weight. Then TOPSIS method is used to calculate the closeness of the candidate materials with respect positive solution. A practical material selection case is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
Inverse Reinforcement Learning with Hybrid Weight Tuning and Trust Region Optimization for Autonomous Maneuvering

Despite significant advancements, collision-free navigation in autonomous driving is still challenging. The navigation module needs to balance the use of machine learning and motion planning to achieve efficient and effective control of the vehicle. We propose a novel framework combining contextaware multi-sensor perception and inverse reinforcement learning with hybrid weight tuning (IRL-HWT) for autonomous maneuver. IRL-HWT incorporates several attributes including non-uniform prior for features, hybrid weight tuning based on trust-region optimization, parameter reuse for continuous training, and learning from accidents. Our method can incorporate both expert demonstration and domain knowledge (reward function) to train a good policy utilizing the non-uniform prior and the trust-region optimization. All these attributes help reduce the number of collisions of the vehicle up to 41%, increase the training efficiency by 2.5x, and obtain higher test scores up to two orders of magnitude. Overall, our method can enable the vehicle to drive 10x further than other methods, while achieving collision avoidance over both static and dynamic obstacles.