Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring ethnic differences in lung function: the Size and Lung function In Children (SLIC) study protocol and feasibility

The Size and Lung function In Children (SLIC) study was designed as a prospective, cross-sectional and longitudinal study to investigate the factors contributing to ethnic differences in lung function. After adjusting for sex, age and height, the degree to which these differences can be reduced after further adjustment for body shape, size and composition was examined. The aim of this technical report is to describe the study design and protocol and to examine the feasibility of conducting complex physiological investigations in London primary schools. Methods: Recruitment and assessments were undertaken in London primary schools. Children with parental consent were eligible and categorised into 4 broad ethnic groups: White; Black; South-Asian and other/mixed ethnicities. Assessments were performed in children aged 5-11y, on 2 occasions a year apart and included detailed anthropometry; 3D photonic scanning for regional body shape; body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis and isotope dilution technique; spirometry and saliva samples (for cotinine & DNA analysis of genetic ancestry). Information on country of origin (child-parents-grandparents); self-reported ethnicity; the child’s respiratory history, family socio-economic circumstances and tobacco smoking exposure were obtained, principally from parents via a questionnaire. Health status of the children was verified from medical records where feasible. Data linkages to pollution index and area deprivation scores were based on home postcodes. Results: Fourteen London primary schools participated with 52% parental consent for children to take part in the study. Consent rate for each type of assessment was generally high and ranged from near 100% for spirometry and anthropometry to 88% for DNA sample collection. With the exception of 3D scanning for body shape, where acceptable data were only achieved in 68% children assessed, success rate for all assessments ranged from 88% to 99%. In total, 2171 (47% boys; 34% White; 29% Black; 25% South-Asian; 12% Other/mixed) children were assessed on 3302 test occasions over the two year period, with successful spirometry being achieved in 90% (2986/3302) of assessments. After excluding 20% of children with acute or chronic illness and 10% with failed spirometry, data was available from 1520 healthy children for final analysis. Summary: This is the first study to demonstrate the feasibility (in terms of consent and success rate) of undertaking complex physiological assessments within the school environment in children as young as 5 years of age, including those for DNA. However, until software is refined and adapted for children, current technology for performing 3D scans for health related studies is not cost-effective. Approximately 30% of the children studied were preterm/LBW, had prior asthma or were symptomatic. Hence if the target population is healthy young children then the recruited sample size may need to be increased by 30% to ensure adequate power.
Arthroscopic surgery for osteochondral fractures of the proximal phalanx of the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal (fetlock) joints in horses.

: Arthroscopic surgery for osteochondral fractures of the proximal phalanx was performed on 74 fetlock joints of 63 horses for a total of 87 fractures during a 2-year period. The medial dorsal proximal aspect of the proximal phalanx of the forelimbs was most commonly involved (59 fractures), followed by the lateral aspect (26 fractures), and 2 fractures occurred in the fetlock joint of the right hindlimb. At surgery, 82 fragments were removed and 5 fragments that had healed or were embedded in the joint capsule were not removed. Of the fragments removed, 15 were fixed firmly to the proximal phalanx, 63 were easily movable by arthroscopic instruments (but had soft tissue attachments to the proximal phalanx), and 4 were floating free within the joint. Arthroscopic surgery allowed excellent visualization and appreciation of the attachments of fragments and their stage of healing. Horses returned to full race training at an average of 11 1/2 weeks (range, 6 to 24 weeks). Thirty eight of 46 horses (82.6%) with adequate postoperative follow-up returned to athletic performance at least equal to that before fetlock injury.
El ensayo de microncleos como medida de inestabilidad gentica inducida por agentes genotxicos

La integridad genetica de la poblacion humana se encuentra comprometida por la gran actividad industrial; por lo que es importante determinar que se conoce como un nivel “aceptable” de dano genetico y realizar ensayos de genotoxicidad de manera rutinaria en poblaciones de riesgo. Los micronucleos son cuerpos citoplasmaticos de naturaleza nuclear, se corresponden con material genetico no incorporado correctamente a las celulas hijas durante la division celular, reflejan aberraciones cromosomicas y se originan por roturas cromosomicas, por errores durante la replicacion y posterior division celular del ADN y/o por la exposicion a agentes genotoxicas. Existen factores capaces de influir o modificar el numero de micronucleos presentes en una celula (edad, genero, vitaminas, tratamientos medicos, exposicion diaria a agentes genotoxicos, etc.). El ensayo citogenetico para la deteccion de micronucleos (CBMN: cytokinesis-block micronucleus) se basa en la utilizacion de un agente quimico, denominado citocalasina-B capaz de impedir la citocinesis permitiendo la division nuclear proporcionando a las celulas un aspecto de celulas binucleadas monodivididas. El recuento de micronucleos se realiza sobre 1.000 celulas binucleadas y la muestra de partida puede variar aunque lo optimo es el uso de linfocitos aislados de sangre periferica. El ensayo de micronucleos esta considerado como un ensayo practico, universalmente validado y accesible tecnologicamente, util para evaluar la inestabilidad genetica inducida por agentes genotoxicos.
The Impact of Akhlaq-i Nasiri on the Forms and Spaces of Akbar’s Fatehpur Sikri

In this article, I examine the structures and spatial dynamics of Fatehpur Sikri to show how the overall design of the Mughal capital city was informed by Islamic philosophy and ethical texts known as akhlaq. Both discourses used the concept of the city to theorize how the ideals of justice could be materialized. After creating an interpretative framework based on these texts, I focus on four spaces of interaction at Fatehpur Sikri, the Jami Masjid, Diwan-i Aam, Ibadat Khana, and markets, to show how the phenomenology of Peripatetic Islamic philosophy, later translated for Mongol kings by Nasir al-Din Tusi (1201–74), influenced the meaning of the city. Through this investigation, I argue that Fatehpur Sikri was a means of bringing the ethical concepts of Persianate philosophy to life in sixteenth-century Mughal India and introducing a new set of social and religious norms to the people.
Development of the Standard Occupational Classification.

The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) that is to be used in the United Kingdom is introduced. "After briefly describing current occupational and social classifications and the relationships between them the article discusses the SOC structure and how it was developed the improvements on current systems which were sought the constraints which have had to be observed and current thinking about introducing SOC in government applications and supporting and maintaining it thereafter. " (EXCERPT)
Effects of initial nutritional status on the responses to a school feeding programme among school children aged 6 to 13 years in the Millennium Villages Project, Siaya, Kenya

Aim: To assess the effects of initial nutritional status on the responses to a school feeding programme (SFP) among school children in the Millennium Villages Project (MVP), Siaya District, Kenya. Objectives: To establish baseline data on the dietary intake, prevalence of undernutrition, body composition, prevalence of anaemia, body iron stores and vitamin A status in order to assess the impact of the SFP over a 30-month period on the same outcomes. Further, the study assessed the effect of initial nutritional status on the responses to the SFP on growth, the prevalence of anaemia, body iron stores and vitamin A status. Methods: In the MVP, a school meal additional to the children’s usual daily food intake was provided consisting of locally available foods (containing whole fish omena and beef). The meals contributed approximately 25% of the Estimated Energy Requirement (EER), 70% of the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for protein, and 18% of EAR for fat. A school meal, additional to the children’s usual daily food intake, was introduced to the control group 6 months into the study as a project scale up initiative. The meal provided 15% EER, 49 % EAR for protein and 10% EAR for fat. A total of 235 children participated in the study and were followed up for 30 months, with 118 in the MVP and 117 in the control group. Statistical analysis included descriptive, Pearson’s chi-square test, repeated measures ANOVA and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: The mean subject age was 7.9 years (2.0 SD) at baseline, and half (51.4%) were boys. More than half of the children (66%) had energy intakes less than the EER. At baseline, the prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight was 16.9%, 6.0% and 3.6% respectively. Prevalence of linear growth deficit based on height-for-age z-score ≤-1 standard deviation was 48%. Anaemia was higher in the MVP group (82.2%; P < 0.0001) compared to controls (58.1%) while depleted body iron stores was observed in 10.7% of the children. Half of the children in the control group and 30% in the MVP group had an inadequate vitamin A status while 11% of the children had infection/inflammation. At six months after initiation of the intervention, anaemia prevalence was reduced to 41.2% among the controls and 9.3% in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Among the MVP group, children with initial inadequate nutritional status based on weight-for-age z-score WAZ ≤ -1 SD had a higher (P < 0.01) height velocity (2.3 cm/six months) by the 24 month study interval compared to those who had an initial adequate nutritional status based on weight-for-age z-score WAZ > -1 SD. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
Sudden Cardiac Death

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined as death due to cardiovascular causes in a patient with or without known preexisting heart disease, in whom the mode and time of death are unexpected. The generally accepted temporal definition is bracketed by a period of up to 1 hour between the onset of an abrupt change in clinical status and loss of consciousness. 1 This time period is more appropriate for definitions used in population studies and clinical analyses than the absolute definition of biologic death, which may be delayed for days to a month or more by life-support interventions after central nervous system (CNS) injury. The former better relates to the pathophysiology leading to the ultimate death.
Studies of Heredity in Symbiontic Psychoses

Concept and Problem We employ the term "symbiontic psychosis" (Scharfetter, 1968, 1970) to designate that group of unique psychoses in which an originally mentally healthy person living in an intimate communal relationship with a primary psychotic partner incorporates the psychotic experiences of the latter into his own conception of reality to such an extent that he himself develops psychotic productions. An intimate communal relationship between the partners is the precondition for the development of a symbiontic psychosis: the latter arises out of the symbiosis between the partners and generally continues to thrive only while that relationship is maintained. For this reason we have labeled such psychoses "symbiontic. " Older, widely used names are: "folie a deux" ( Lasegue & Falret, 1877), "induced insanity" (Lehmann, 1883), and, in English-speaking countries, "psychosis of association" (Gralnick, 1942). Study of the psychopathology of these symbiontic psychoses has shown that the disorders of the inducers (i.e., the partners who become psychotic first) are all delusional conditions, mostly paranoid schizophrenia. The psychopathological picture of the illness in the induced subjects (i.e., the second partners) very frequently greatly resembles schizophrenia. The delusion unites the partners. Usually it is a delusion of persecution or of injury; next in frequency are religious delusions and paranoid delusions. In addition to delusions, both partners frequently experience hallucinations of the various senses and suffer psychotic derealization. Research into the etiology of schizophrenia has led to the assumption that the psychosis derives from the interaction between a hereditary schizophrenogenic predisposition and unspecific deleterious environmental influences (for a summary, see Bleuler, 1970). Symbiontic psychoses are schizophreniform psychoses for whichin contrast to autochthonic types of schizophreniathe psy chore active development is known. As only a small number of persons who live closely with delusional schizophrenics develop symbiontic psychoses, it may
An Epideictic Rhetorical Analysis of President William Jefferson Clinton's Inaugural Address : \American Renewal.\

The purpose of this thesis was to provide an epideictic rhetorical analysis of President William Jefferson Clinton's Inaugural Address. As a method for analysis, the researcher employed Campbell and Jamieson's (1990) evaluative criteria that identified and constituted five interrelated elements of epideictic rhetoric in the presidential Inaugural Address. The researcher concluded that President Clinton's Inaugural Address: (a) unified the audience and reconstituted its members as the people; (b) rehearsed shared and traditional communal values drawn from a venerated past; (c) enunciated political principles that will govern the new administration; (d) demonstrated that the President appreciated the requirements and limitations of executive office; and, (e) fulfilled the requirements of epideictic discourse. The researcher determined that President William Jefferson Clinton's Inaugural Address represented epideictic communication because: (a) the Address was delivered on a ceremonial occasion; (b) the rhetoric expressed employed the artifices of praise and blame; (c) the speaker focused on the present, yet incorporated the past and the future; and, (d) the President urged contemplation, not action.
Evidence on self-care support within community nursing

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of explicit research evidence on community nurses' support for self-care with patients with long-term conditions. AIM: To examine the nature and extent of support for patient self-care documented in district and family health nursing casenotes. METHOD: Qualitative case-study and audit methods were used to review 47 casenotes from three Scottish sites on six long-term conditions. RESULTS: Considerable variation in written evidence of support for self-care was evident within and across sites, and across the different long-term conditions. DISCUSSION: Questions about support for self-care and related anticipatory care are highlighted when the rhetoric of current policy and the reality of current service provision meet. CONCLUSION: There is scope for more systematic consideration of support for self-care within community nursing casenotes.
Original Article Correlation of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-2 Expression and Brain Edema in Rats after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Brain edema is one of the most frequent and serious complications of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but its underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In order to understand whether inflammatory mediators released from the blood after cerebral hemorrhage plays a role in brain edema, we investigated the dynamic change of the inflammatory mediator macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) in rat brain after ICH. Our results indicate that the expression of MIP-2 increases 2 hours and peaks 2 days after ICH. The expression of MIP-2 correlates with NF-κB activation and brain water content. These results suggest that MIP-2 expression may
FLNG ve Buzdağı Çarpışma Modellemesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Kutup bolgelerinde deniz seferlerilerinin artmasiyla bu bolgelerdeki buz daglari ile gemilerin carpisma riski de artmaktadir. Bu nedenle, deniz yapilarina etki edecek dizayn yuklerini belirlemek icin carpisma hasarinin dogru degerlendirilmesi bir zorunluluk haline gelmistir. Bu calismada, buz mekanigini etkileyen parametreleri iceren KOSORI buz modeli kullanilarak gemi - buzdagi carpisma senaryolarinin uygulamalarina odaklanilmistir ve elde edilen sonuclar rijit buz modeli ile kiyaslanmistir. KOSORI ve rijit buz modelleri kullanilarak olusturulan buzdagi modeli ile FLNG gemisinin carpisma durumu incelenmistir.
The assessment of plasma ghrelin levels in women with gestational diabetes

Background. Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide stimulating growth hormone secretion and regulating feeding behavior. Reduced plasma ghrelin levels were found in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study we compared plasma ghrelin concentrations in pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Material and methods. The group studied consisted of 58 patients with GDM and 61 women with NGT. Plasma total ghrelin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results. Ghrelin concentrations did not differ between women with GDM [median 399.1 (299.6–563.3) pg/mL] and NGT [400.9 (302.3–475.8) pg/mL]. In the whole group studied plasma ghrelin levels correlated negatively with fasting insulin (R = –0.2214, P = 0.015) and HOMA-IR (R = –0.2165, P = 0.018). In GDM patients basal ghrelin concentrations correlated negatively with parity (R = –0.3069, P = 0.019), fasting insulin (R = –0.3248, P = 0.013) and HOMA-IR (R = –0.3215, P = 0.014). Multiple regression analysis revealed that ghrelin concentrations were most strongly predicted by fasting glucose (β = 0.3085, P = 0.0029), insulin (β = –0.4448, P = 0.0003), HbA1c (β = –0.2234, P = 0.0037), pregestational BMI (β = 0.2216, P = 0.049) and gestational age (β = 0.2319, P = 0.018), together explaining about 14% of the variance in ghrelin concentration. Conclusions. Our results suggest that insulin may have some influence on plasma ghrelin concentrations. No association between ghrelin levels and GDM was found.
La escala de ictus del National Institute of Health (NIHSS) y su adaptación al español

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, the NIH stroke scale (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS) has become the most popular used scale to assess the initial and final neurological status of stroke patients who receive experimental drugs. One of the problems with this scale in our country is the language question, making mandatory to adapt it into Spanish. OBJECTIVE: To obtain a Spanish version of the NIHSS and verify that it has the same advantages and utilities as the original version. METHODS: A Spanish translation of the original version of NIHSS was obtained. The final Spanish version for the different items and the instructions to carry out each one of the items were decided by consensus by the neurovascular unit team. The word list and sentences and the drawings of objects and that used to assess visual extinction were obtained from the Boston aphasia test (adapted previously to our language). Once adapted to the Spanish version, the NIHSS, scores obtained during the acute stroke phase were correlated with the cerebral infarct volumes and with the location of the arterial occlusion. RESULTS: As predictable, there is a good correlation between the neurological situation of the patient (NIHSS) and the presence of middle cerebral artery occlusion assessed by Transcranial Doppler. Doppler situation at baseline, 12, 24 and 48 hours was significantly related (p = 0.001) with the NIHSS at any time. There is a good correlation between the NIHSS score and cerebral infarct volumes measured by computed tomography (n = 72; r = 0.794; p < 0.0001) and by magnetic resonance diffusion- 192 weighted image (n = 38; r = 0.674; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This adaptation of the NIH stroke scale to Spanish will allow wider availability and routine use in the stroke units.
SPECIFIC KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS AND COMPETITIVE SET DATA FOR HOTELS: A CASE STUDY IN IZMIR

Rekabetin yuksek oldugu pazarlarda faaliyet gosteren otel isletmelerinin sayisal verileri yorumlamasi, bir sonraki stratejileri ve hedefleri verimli bir sekilde belirlemeleri acisindan anlamalari ve analiz etmeleri onem arz etmektedir. Otel isletmeciliginde gercekci bir analiz icin yoneticiler ve yatirimcilar daha detayli bilgilere ihtiyac duyarlar. Dolayisiyla, yoneticiler ve yatirimcilar otelcilige ozgu olan guvenilir ve onem arz eden performans ve rekabet gostergelerini dikkate almalidirlar. Bu arastirmada, Izmir ’de bulunan otellerde kullanilan anahtar basari gostergeleri ve bu gostergelerin yonetsel ve finansal kararlari nasil ve ne yonde etkiledigini tespit etmek amaclanmistir. Veriler, nitel arastirma yontemi kullanilarak, vaka analizi seklinde, olcut orneklem teknigi ve yuzyuze yari yapilandirilmis mulakat teknigi ile toplanmistir. Arastirma alani olarak Turkiye ’nin turizm kentlerinden biri olan Izmir’in en fazla turist ceken bolgesinde faaliyet gosteren dort tane bes yildizli uluslararasi otel secilmistir. Mulakatlar sekiz yoneticiyle gorusulerek on gunde tamamlanmistir . Bulgular, finansal gostergelerin basari degerlendirmesi icin hala cok kritik oldugunu, ancak hizmet performansinin uluslararasi otel isletmeciliginde her zaman onde geldigini gostermistir . Bu arastirma, yoneticilerin ve yatirimcilarin, bu gostergeleri kullanarak hangi onlemlerin alinmasi gerektigini anlamalarini ancak oncelikle tum otelde gecerli olan bir servis kulturune sahip olmalarini onermektedir.
Automatic Blood Typing Scanner Through Agglutination

In this project is presented a study of the applicability of machine learning and computer vision techniques for reading and classifying gel card tests using supervised learning techniques, with the purpose of helping laboratory technicians evaluate ABO typing tests. The main objective of this project is to build an automated system that performs the ABO typing test returning the result. The used method consists in three different processes, one where image segmentation is used to segment the blood test in a tube image and extract relevant features using ellipse fitting, and other two who extract interest points from enhanced tube images and use the interest points position for classification. The test tube images were acquired using a digital camera and 21 different gel cards, with 3 additional images generated digitally, giving a total of 144 gel tube images. Using features extracted from the fitted ellipse, a dataset was built with 144 instances and 6 ellipse attributes: the ellipse centre coordinates, the ellipse semi-major and semi-minor axes, the ellipse area and the ellipse orientation in radians. Another dataset was built using image interest points detected with the FAST algorithm, resulting in a dataset with 829 instances and 2 attributes: the interest point vertical and horizontal position. A final dataset was built using the centre position computed from the detected interest points corresponding to 144 instances, each with two numeric attributes: the vertical and horizontal position of the computed centre. In the last Section, different classification algorithms were trained with the three built datasets. From the resulting models were chosen three that returned better accuracy, being stored and used in an application built to easily classify new gel cards. The results show that the applied techniques correctly predicted new card tests for the two majority classes. The three minority classes produced satisfactory results during the training step. These three classes were not tested in the application due to the lack of real samples, only existing digitally created samples.