Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do water and sanitatin interventions reduce childhood diarrhoea? New evidence from Bangladesh.

The incidence of diarrhoea has declined over time in Bangladesh but still it persists as a major cause of infant mortality, morbidity and acute child malnutrition. Much of the public policy thinking in the past was guided by public investment in providing improved access to safe water. While this measure has paid off, the paper provides evidence that the relevance of water as a tool for fighting diarrhoea may have changed over time. Its changing role now needs to be seen in the broader context of combined access with other inputs such as improved sanitation. The paper uses the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data and the propensity score matching technique to suggest that only combined access to improved water and sanitation can lead to reduced incidence of diarrhoea among children in contrast to their isolated use. Mere accesses to safe water, or for that matter, access to sanitation do not have any statistically significant impact on the incidence of childhood diarrhoea. The results suggest a strong case for rethinking public policy by way of joint investment in water and sanitation measures to reduce diarrhoea along with bringing about favourable change in health-seeking behaviour to support such combined access policy
Compact Sensor System for Target Localization

The main topic of this thesis is to design a compact sensor system that provides target localization functionality. The system should be low cost, small and lightweight, so it can be mounted on a standard assault rifle. To localize a given target, the system has to both determine its own position, and the distance and direction to the target. The most challenging part of this is to determine the heading. To find this heading, our system uses a dual antenna Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. Because of the risk of GNSS signals being jammed, our proposed system also includes a stereo camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). Together these are able to maintain heading reference for a period of time after the loss of GNSS signals. The data from our sensors are fused in an error state Kalman filter implemented in Navigation Laboratory (NavLab). Test results show that with the short antenna baseline available in this system, the GNSS receiver still gives a good heading estimate, if we compensate for receiver bias. Results also show that addition of the stereo camera reduces the heading drift by a factor of at least 2. In the worst case scenario, an acceptable heading is maintained for up to 5 minutes without GNSS, with some assumptions. It is concluded that the designed sensor system is a viable device to extract target coordinates in the field. The results achieved in this thesis provide a good foundation for further work on this subject.
Revisão sistemática sobre prevalência de demência entre a população brasileira

As the elderly population increases worldwide, the age-related diseases, particularly dementia, become more frequent. Knowing that Brazil follows the global trend of aging, it should also present an increasing prevalence of dementia. Objectives: the aims of this study are to review the articles of prevalence of dementia in Brazil in recent years, establish comparisons between the studies and identify associations between the dementia prevalence and the population characteristics. Data sources: SciELO, Lilacs and Medline. Methods: retrieving from original articles about epidemiological studies on prevalence of dementia among Brazilian population samples using specific keywords, exclusion of duplicates, screening, full text assessment and characterization of the selected studies’ population samples. Results: from the 357 articles retrieved, only 8 remained after the assessment. The prevalence found in the selected articles ranged from 5.1% to 17.5%. Discussion: despite the good quality of the articles, the small number of selected studies essentially conducted in the southeast region of Brazil is insufficient for an epidemiological characterization of the Brazilian population as a whole. Alzheimer’s disease subtype is shown to be the leading cause of dementia and an association between dementia and age is demonstrated, as well as schooling. Conclusion: more studies from other regions of Brazil are necessary to better evaluate the prevalence of dementia and to investigate the more important factors associated with this disease.
4-Chloro-N-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide

In the title compound, C15H16ClNO2S, the conformation of the N—C bond in the C—SO2—NH—C segment is gauche with respect to the S=O bonds. Further, the N—H bond in the C—SO2—NH—C segment is syn with respect to the meta-methyl group in the aniline benzene ring and the ortho-methyl group in the sulfonyl benzene ring. The C—SO2—NH—C torsion angle is −49.72 (18)°. The sulfonyl and aniline benzene rings are tilted relative to each other by 71.6 (1)°. The crystal structure features inversion-related dimers linked by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Security Log Analysis Using Hadoop

Hadoop is used as a general-purpose storage and analysis platform for big data by industries. Commercial Hadoop support is available from large enterprises, like EMC, IBM, Microsoft and Oracle and Hadoop companies like Cloudera, Hortonworks, and Map Reduce. Hadoop is a scheme written in Java that allows distributed processes of large data sets across clusters of computers using programming models. A Hadoop frame work application works in an environment that provides storage and computation across clusters of computers. This is designed to scale up from a single server to thousands of machines with local computation and storage. Security breaches happen most frequently nowadays which can be found out by monitoring the server logs. This server-log analysis can be done by using Hadoop. This takes the analysis to the next level by improving security forensics which can be done as a low-cost platform.
Development and evaluation of an advanced driver assistance system

Driver safety continues to be hugely important to car manufacturers, governments and drivers. Statistics from the CARE European Road Accident Database (2012) reveal that there were 1,190,448 accidents and 34,817 fatalities in Europe during 2009. Recently, researchers have pointed out that Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) should focus more on design for situational awareness to provide the driver with attention supports. The studies carried out by M. Wang have proved that providing continuous visual traﬃc information increased drivers’ safety during highway scenarios. In addition, drivers perceived the information as non-obtrusive. Studies found that early warnings or normal driving information presentation reduced the number and severity of crashes. Recent studies on auditory modality in vehicle use has also shown great potential that auditory information may be more eﬀective than visual modality. Results of studies have proven that auditory information improve safety in driving, shorten response time, enhanced accuracy and increase drivers’ situation awareness.
Modeling The Hepatitis C Virus Epidemic In Egypt: A Study Of Epidemic Characteristics And Effective Interventions

Introduction: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a public health concern that impacts both developing and developed countries alike. The World Health Organization estimates that currently 130–150 million people worldwide are chronically infected; Egypt has the highest prevalence in the world with an estimated 14.7% of its population exposed to HCV and 9.8% chronically infected. HCV infection leads to chronic liver disease and its long term sequelae including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; therefore the need for prevention and control is urgent, both in terms of patient morbidity and mortality and the burden to the healthcare system, especially in a low-income country such as Egypt. Providing a tool that public health officials can use to evaluate the effectiveness of different prevention and control approaches is an important step towards allocating resources to where they will be most beneficial. Method: I approached this challenge by building a dynamic compartmental disease model. I recreated the historical HCV incidence curve in Egypt based on HCV prevalence and incidence and on demographics. I then developed a model with compartments for the susceptible and infectious populations. I used transmission parameters that were based on results from a systematic review of studies on transmission risk factors. Results: The review of transmission risk factors revealed that the most frequently researched risk factors are those associated with the formal healthcare sector, while the roles of the informal sector and community sources such as intrafamilial transmission are not as well understood. The historical incidence curve showed a substantial decline in incidence following
(E,E)-1,2-Bis(2,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)hydrazine

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C20H24N2O6, contains one half-molecule, the complete molecule being generated by a crystallographic inversion centre. The molecule is nearly planar with a dihedral angle between the two benzene rings of 0.03 (4)° and the central C/N/N/C plane making a dihedral angle of 8.59 (7)° with each of its two adjacent benzene rings. The two methoxy groups at the ortho and meta positions are slightly twisted [C—O—C—C torsion angles = 7.23 (12) and 5.73 (13)°], whereas the methoxy group at the para position is almost coplanar with the attached benzene ring [C—O—C—C torsion angle = −2.02 (13)°]. The crystal structure is stabilized by a weak C—H⋯π interaction.
Religion-Specific Differentials in Fertility and Family Planning

This paper presents a study on the fertility and contraceptive practices of two communities--Hindus and Muslims--in India. The analysis is based on the National Family Health Surveys which interviewed 79640 married Hindu and Muslim women aged 13-49 years. Data revealed that the fertility rate among Muslim women is significantly higher than for Hindu women which may be attributed to practices such as postpartum abstinence and the length of amenorrhea after childbirth. However there are more complex socioeconomic indicators for the differences in contraceptive behavior among the two communities. These indicators includes: childbearing at younger ages; onset of childbearing; family planning; exposure to family planning messages and its acceptability; discussion and attitudes of couples toward family planning; fertility preference; ideal number of children; unmet need for family planning; and fertility planning. Information on these differences is important in identifying the factors and assessing the prospects for change in the composition of various groups.
How Managed Behavioral Health Care Impacts Psychotherapeutic Practices

The cost of health and mental health care is a growing problem for the United States. Managed care evolved as a way to continue providing quality services in a cost-effective fashion. In the mental health field, some individuals believe managed care reduces the quality of treatment. This exploratory study investigates current sentiments among mental health clinicians regarding managed care’s impact on mental health treatment and looks at how clinicians practice in light of managed care’s guidelines for treating patients. This study explores the current impact of managed care compared with managed care’s first detectable impact in the 1980s.
Medicare Advantage In 2008

Medicare Advantage (MA), a voluntary program that provides beneficiaries with an alternative way to access traditional Medicare benefits, replaced the Medicare+Choice program in 2004 and became fully operational in 2006. This issue brief reviews recent trends in the program and includes information trends in firm participation and market share, changes in beneficiary choice, and growth in MA plans available to employer groups. The brief notes that the number of Medicare beneficiaries in MA plans continues to grow, to 8.2 million at the end of 2007, up from 5.4 million in March 2005. In the first four months of 2008, enrollment increased by more than 800,000. Private fee-for-service plans account for more than half of this new growth. About one in five Medicare beneficiaries (19 percent) is enrolled in an MA plan. In addition, four main playersâ€”UnitedHealthcare, Humana, Kaiser, and Blue Cross Blue Shieldâ€”accounted for more than half of enrollment at the end of 2007.
2,2′-Dichloro-1,1′-[(butane-1,4-diyldioxy)bis(nitrilomethylidyne)]dibenzene

The molecule of the title compound, C18H18Cl2N2O2, lies across a crystallographic inversion centre and adopts an E configuration with respect to the azomethine C=N bond. The imino group is coplanar with the aromatic ring. Within the molecule, the planar units are parallel, but extend in opposite directions from the dimethylene bridge. In the crystal structure, the title compound exhibits a layer packing structure via weak π–π stacking interactions [intermolecular plane-to-plane distances between adjacent aromatic rings are 3.461 (3) Å]. Molecules in each layer are linked by intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions.
AP Students in College: An Analysis of Five-Year Academic Careers

Researchers are encouraged to freely express their professional judgment. Therefore, points of view or opinions stated in College Board Reports do not necessarily represent official College Board position or policy. The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 5,400 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, the College Board serves seven million students and their parents, 23,000 high schools, and 3,500 colleges through major programs and services in college admissions, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning. Among its best-known programs are the SAT®, the PSAT/NMSQT®, and the Advanced Placement Program® (AP®). The College Board is committed to the principles of excellence and equity, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns. and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board. connect to college success is a trademark owned by the College Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark of the College Board and National Merit Scholarship Corporation. All other products and services may be trademarks of their respective owners. Visit the College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard. com.
1-{5-[4-(Hexyloxy)phenyl]-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}ethanone

The crystal structure of the title compound, C23H28N2O2, is composed of discrete molecules with bond lengths and angles quite typical for pyrazoline derivatives of this class. The plane containing the pyrazoline unit is nearly planar with the mean plane of the phenyl ring at the 3-position, making a dihedral angle of 1.96 (3)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak C—H⋯π interactions involving both of the aromatic rings.
ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Drug delivery system plays an important role in deciding the efficacy of a drug. Drugs should be administered in an optimum concentration range for producing maximum therapeutic effect. Dosage above or below the therapeutic dosage may be toxic or produce no therapeutic effect. Now a days most of the drugs are protein or peptide based which will be easily degraded or destroyed by the biological system, if administered by common per oral route. Drug targeting could be possible by two major mechanisms (a) passive (b) active targeting. Controlled drug delivery systems like vesicles, micellar solutions as well as nanoparticle dispersions showed great promises as drug carrier systems. Hydrogels and drug loaded erythrocytes are one of the growing and potential systems for the delivery of drugs and enzymes.
An interactive approach to SLAM

A novel methodology for Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) is researched, allowing for interactive object selection and description. Current research focusses on SLAM applications, e iciency and larger area mapping. However, o en SLAM relies on local, algorithm dependent and automatically selected features which require dense representations for meaningful map generation. Vision-SLAM has gained interest thanks to a ordable image sensors, which also allow flexible feature representations beyond points like curves or planes. However, these are still automatically created and they need to be found in the surroundings. Despite this, indoor applications allow to expect certain objects, e.g. products in shops. These approaches rely on databases for detection, requiring maintenance outside of operating cycle if new objects are to be added. Feature description o en relies on the same databases. Some works address this by means of overlaid annotations, relegating an user to input data in a selected feature. However, these remain predefined by the algorithm. This also does not improve SLAM and thus the annotations are limited to be shown according to camera pose. Therefore, user involvement is minimal in SLAM which can be explained by fully automated trends in engineering. This discards potential user object di erentiation and description, ignoring improvements in SLAM through user shaped high-level objects. Active user interaction can provide semantics for be er feature representation and overall map description, whereas high-level objects can improve the inner workings of the SLAM algorithm. This includes be er feature matching with included high-level object parameter tweaking in real-time, e.g avoiding fully autonomous approaches that incorrectly guess depth in features. Yet, this does not exclude full automation with user input reused in further runs, with improved description and semantics. Two approaches are presented to achieve user input in SLAM: The first makes use of active contours with an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), whereas the second uses particle filtering coupled with a novel Hough-Bresenham line detector. These implementations rely on General Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU) to o er real-time performance. Results show improved stability and semantics compared to a baseline vision-SLAM with inverse depth parametrisation approach, opening a new research branch within SLAM.
Ağrı Kontrolünde Temel Yaklaşımlar

Main Approaches in The Management of Pain \/ Besides pharmacologic therapy, nerve blocks, physical and psychologic methods are also important tools in the management of pain especially of long duration. We believe that evaluation of (he pain by multidiciplinary approach will render these met-hods more effective. Agri konlrolunde kullanilan farmokolojik tedavi yaninda ozellikle kronik agri tedavisinde sinir bloklari, fizik yontemler ve psikolojik yontemler de onemli yer tutmaktadir. Agrinin muitidisipliner yaklasimla degerlendirilmesinin bu kontrol yontemlerinin daha etkin kul-lanimini saglayacagi kanisindayiz.
If jogging is a joke, who should have the last laugh?

It was the end of my sabbatical in Canada, and I was strolling around Stanley Park, one of the many jewels of Vancouver British Columbia. I was just finishing a four month trip in Australia and Canada studying educational methods used to teach general practitioners. OK I'll come clean—I was having an “extended holiday with a purpose”. On this beautiful autumnal Sunday, the air was crisp and, as the sun sparkled on Burrard Inlet, the colours of the spruce, maple, and arbutus painted the lower slopes of the snow clad peaks across the bay. “No wonder this is one of the most popular places to live in our world” I thought. Despite this idyll most of the people I saw that day looked ill at ease, in pain even. Why? I hear you ask. The answer is obvious: they were jogging! Why is an activity that is so blatantly uncomfortable so universally popular? At least it is good for them I thought. Weeks later I was idly sharing these observations with a friend. He asked casually for another example of a bodily system that functions …
Prevalence of urinary tract infection, its causative agents and antibiotic sensitivity pattern : A study in Northern International Medical College Hospital, Dhaka

Background : Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing countries like Bangladesh. Antimicrobial agents are the frequently used drug for its treatment. Periodic evaluation of antimicrobial activity of different antibiotics is essential as the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity may vary over periods. Increasing antibiotic resistance among urinary pathogens to commonly prescribed drugs has become a global reality today. Objective : To determine the prevalence and to find out the causative agents of UTI and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern among suspected UTI patients attending Northern International Medical College Hospital (NIMCH), Dhaka. Methods : A retrospective study was conducted at Northern International Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh by analyzing the records of urine samples collected for culture and sensitivity tests over a period of six months (January 2014 to June 2014). Of the total 878 clean catch mid-stream urine samples collected from suspected cases of UTI patients of all ages and both sexes. Urine specimens were cultured for isolation of microbial agents of urinary tract infection. The isolated bacteria were identified using biochemical test. The diffusion susceptibility test was used to determine susceptibility of bacterial agents to antibiotics. Computerized data was collected from Microbiology department of NIMCH and analyzed by Microsoft Excel Version 2013. Results : In this study, 182 (20.73%) out of 878 urine sample were positive for pathogenic organisms. Of the various pathogenic organisms isolated, Escherichia coli constituted for 85.16% followed by Pseudomonas sp, Acinatobactersp, Group D Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiellasp, Enterobactersp and others. E.coli was found to be most sensitive to Imipenem, Amikacin and Meropenem and resistant to most commonly used oral drugs like Azithromycin, Cefexime, cotrimoxazole and Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin. Conclusion : Mainly Gram negative bacilli is responsible for UTI and most frequent isolated bacteria was E-coli . The most effective antibiotics were Imipenem, Amikacin, Meropenem,all of them are parentral. Majority E-coli were resistant to commonly used oral drugs like Azithromycin, Cefexime, cotrimoxazole and Ciprofloxacin. Therefore the choice of antibiotic therapy in UTI should be depends on the local sensitivity pattern of the infecting organisms. Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.7(1) Jul 2015: 105-109
7,9-Dimethyl-5-phenylsulfonyl-5H-benzo[b]carbazole

In the title compound, C24H19NO2S, the mean plane of the benzo[b]carbazole ring system makes a dihedral angle of 79.26 (5)° with the phenyl ring. The S atom is in a distorted tetrahedral configuration. The crystal structure exhibits weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π interactions.
5-Chloro-3-cyclopentylsulfinyl-2-methyl-1-benzofuran

In the title compound, C14H15ClO2S, the cyclopentyl ring adopts an envelope conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked through weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure also exhibits a slipped π–π interaction between the furan and benzene rings of neighbouring molecules [centroid–centroid distance = 3.784 (3) Å, interplanar distance = 3.199 (3) Å and slippage = 2.021 (3) Å].
1,4-Bis(4-pyridylmethoxy)benzene

The molecule of the title compound, C18H16N2O2, lies about a center of inversion. The central phenylene ring is aligned at 62.7 (1)° with respect to the pyridyl ring. In the crystal, weak intermolecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link molecules into sheets parallel to (104). C—H⋯O interactions are also present.