Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proliferation of human malignant melanomas is inhibited by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted against basic fibroblast growth factor.

Human malignant melanomas, unlike normal melanocytes, can proliferate in the absence of exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Exposure of primary melanomas in the vertical growth phase and metastatic melanomas to antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted against three different sites of human bFGF mRNA inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation in soft‐agar. In contrast, exposure of human bFGF sense or antisense oligonucleotides complementary to human beta‐nerve growth factor or insulin‐like growth factor I mRNA had no such effects. These experiments indicate that activation of the bFGF gene may play an important role in the progression from melanocytic precursor lesions to malignant melanoma.
Switched adaptive tracking control of robot manipulators with friction and changing loads

A switched adaptive controller is designed for robot manipulators with friction and changing loads. The nonlinear friction is depicted by a nonlinear friction model, and a switched nonlinear system is used to model the parameter jump caused by load change. Hyperstability theory is used in the designing procedure, which provides more options for adaptive laws than Lyapunov theory. In the presence of friction and changing loads, asymptotic tracking is achieved under arbitrary switching, which is not able to accomplish by a non-switched adaptive controller. The proposed method is validated by a simulation of a 2 degree of freedom manipulator.
Ontology based classification of user history in obscured web search

User history includes user search and other web activities like searching, downloading and extracting information. Normally, the user history is public, which can be viewed by other users when the search history is not cleared. This can be avoided by performing searching by signing-into the search engine account. The search is found to be personalized. In user history, when we get on to the query it will depart to the corresponding web page. In this paper, we are proposing a model which relates the user searches with the history on the personalized location and retrieving related information if search is found. We present the algorithm, called Decision making algorithm in order to classify the content in the user history. The segregated results are located into the corresponding directory. Extensive experiment demonstrates the efficiency and effectiveness of our construction.
Quantitative Verification of Social Media Networks: The Case Study of Twitter

Traditional news outlets are becoming increasingly focused on reporting online events; those that occur on social platforms within the digital world. However, these events are no less important than those occurring in the real-world. For example, national political leaders take to Twitter to express their opinion or rally support, while online reputations of celebrities can make or break careers. Social data defines interactions between people in the real-world and it captures the three V's of big data. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to big data using formal verification techniques to measure quantitative properties of social interactions, called probabilistic social metrics. This paper describes the Data Verification Framework (DataVE) developed to retrieve, process and store interaction patterns between users on social media. Social data forms a natural graph structure and our approach uses graph database technology to store social data. High-level queries of user behaviour are translated to probabilistic computation tree logical formulae and checked against a Markov chain model generated from social data. The DataVE framework has been implemented as a freely available and open-source software tool and validated with case studies from Twitter and scalability experiments.
An error analysis method for snow depth inversion using snow emission model

The snow depth and the amount of regional snow play an important role in the climate change and also affect the management of water resources, and the estimate of the runoff and flood forecasting. At present, snow depth is generally thought to be linearly dependent on the difference of the brightness temperature (i.e. NASA algorithm) in passive microwave remote sensing. But some authors argued according to results of snow emission model simulation that it is not simply linear relationship between them due to the influence of many factors (snow grains radius, land use/cover type). If snow depth is retrieved using the linearly dependent relationship, the error will easily come out. In this paper the graphical representation of probability error is constructed based on the simulated multi-solution curve by snow emission model, which reveals quantitatively and visually the snow depth inversion error due to multi-solution inversion. It will make a significant contribution to reduce the influence of uncertainty and increase the accuracy of snow depth inversion.
Physical and Functional Interaction of Rabphilin-11 with Mammalian Sec13 Protein

Rab11a small G protein (Rab11p) is implicated in vesicle trafficking, especially vesicle recycling. We have previously isolated a downstream effector of Rab11p, named rabphilin-11. We found here that rabphilin-11 directly bound the mammalian counterpart of yeast Sec13 protein (mSec13p) in cell-free and intact cell systems. Yeast Sec13p is involved as a component of coat proteins II in the Sar1p-induced vesicle formation from the endoplasmic reticulum, but the precise role of mSec13p is unknown. The interaction of rabphilin-11 with mSec13p was enhanced by GTP-Rab11p. Rabphilin-11 localized on the vesicles in perinuclear regions and along microtubules oriented toward the plasma membrane, whereas mSec13p partly colocalized with rabphilin-11 in the perinuclear regions, most presumably the Golgi complex. Disruption of the rabphilin-11-mSec13p interaction by overexpression of the mSec13p-binding region of rabphilin-11 impaired vesicle trafficking. These results indicate that the rabphilin-11-mSec13p interaction is implicated in vesicle trafficking.
Effects of priming a bipolar attribute concept on dimension versus concept-specific accessibility of semantic memory.

In Experiment 1, participants received behavioral information about a person that could be interpreted as either honest or unkind. Priming a concept along 1 dimension (e.g., honesty) increased the likelihood of spontaneously describing the target along this dimension (i.e., as honest), regardless of whether the primed concept was directly applicable for interpreting the target's behavior ("honest") or was its bipolar opposite ("dishonest"). Experiment 2 replicated this finding in a different, product domain. It further demonstrated that when information is ambiguous, primed concepts can influence not only the dimension along which the target is described but also the value it is assigned along this dimension. The effect of priming in both experiments was reflected in participants' overall evaluations of the targets as well as in their spontaneous descriptions of it. Results were consistent with the assumption that bipolar attributes are associatively linked in memory but are stored as separate concepts rather than as values along a bipolar continuum.
Simultaneous estimation of amlodipine and atenolol in human plasma: a sensitive LC-MS/MS method validation and its application to a clinical PK study.

BACKGROUND A highly sensitive, specific and rapid LC-ESI-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of amlodipine (AMD) and atenolol (ATL) in human plasma (200 µl) using AMD-d4 and ATL-d7, respectively, as an internal standard (IS) as per the regulatory guidelines. RESULTS The SPE method was used to extract the analytes and IS from human plasma. The chromatographic resolution of AMD, ATL and corresponding IS was achieved using an isocratic flow on a C18 column. The total chromatographic run time was 3 min. A linear response function was established for the range of concentrations 50-8000 pg/ml and 10-800 ng/ml for AMD and ATL, respectively, in human plasma. CONCLUSION The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision values for AMD and ATL met the acceptance as per regulatory guidelines. The validated assay was applied to a fixed-dose combination of AMD and ATL (Adopin-AT(®)) PK study in humans.
TRPM1 is a component of the retinal ON bipolar cell transduction channel in the mGluR6 cascade

An essential step in intricate visual processing is the segregation of visual signals into ON and OFF pathways by retinal bipolar cells (BCs). Glutamate released from photoreceptors modulates the photoresponse of ON BCs via metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 (mGluR6) and G protein (Go) that regulates a cation channel. However, the cation channel has not yet been unequivocally identified. Here, we report a mouse TRPM1 long form (TRPM1-L) as the cation channel. We found that TRPM1-L localization is developmentally restricted to the dendritic tips of ON BCs in colocalization with mGluR6. TRPM1 null mutant mice completely lose the photoresponse of ON BCs but not that of OFF BCs. In the TRPM1-L-expressing cells, TRPM1-L functions as a constitutively active nonselective cation channel and its activity is negatively regulated by Go in the mGluR6 cascade. These results demonstrate that TRPM1-L is a component of the ON BC transduction channel downstream of mGluR6 in ON BCs.
PTIP Regulates 53BP1 and SMC1 at the DNA Damage Sites*

Although PTIP is implicated in the DNA damage response, through interactions with 53BP1, the function of PTIP in the DNA damage response remain elusive. Here, we show that RNF8 controls DNA damage-induced nuclear foci formation of PTIP, which in turn regulates 53BP1 localization to the DNA damage sites. In addition, SMC1, a substrate of ATM, could not be phosphorylated at the DNA damage sites in the absence of PTIP. The PTIP-dependent pathway is important for DNA double strand breaks repair and DNA damage-induced intra-S phase checkpoint activation. Taken together, these results suggest that the role of PTIP in the DNA damage response is downstream of RNF8 and upstream of 53BP1. Thus, PTIP regulates 53BP1-dependent signaling pathway following DNA damage.
Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Type Photonic Switches Based on Epitaxially Grown Lanthanum-Modified Lead Zirconate Titanate Films

We present a simple 2×2 port Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer-type photonic switch with multimode interference (MMI) 3-dB couplers using epitaxially grown lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) films. The MZ-type MMI PLZT photonic switch with 8-μm-gap coplanar electrodes exhibits a low half-wave voltage of 4.8 V with an extinction ratio of 28 dB for a 2 mm active-region length. An optical insertion loss for the presented switch is measured as 2-3 dB that excluded the coupling losses in lensed fibers for a 6.5-mm-long device.
Quality of life, pain and return to normal activities following laparoscopic donor nephrectomy versus open mini-incision donor nephrectomy.

PURPOSE We evaluated pain, convalescence and health related quality of life in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open mini-incision donor nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared the records of consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic and mini-incision open donor nephrectomy from our donor nephrectomy data base in retrospective fashion using 2 questionnaires. The first questionnaire evaluated postoperative pain, return to functioning time and satisfaction. The second questionnaire was the RAND 36-Item Health Survey, version 2, a standardized and validated health survey quality of life assessment tool. Mean patient sex, age and followup were similar for the 2 groups. All data were analyzed using the 2-tailed t test for independent variables with commercially available statistical analysis software. RESULTS Pain in the laparoscopic group was significantly less than in the mini-incision group at all followup time points (p <0.05). Statistically significant differences demonstrated that laparoscopy led to more rapid recovery time in certain categories, including walking, discontinuation of prescribed oral pain relievers, return to driving, and resumption of normal work and home daily activities. More subjective questions in the survey showed high levels of acceptance for the 2 procedures. Using the RAND 36-Item Health Survey, version 2 health related quality of life was significantly higher in the laparoscopy group in 3 domains that measure bodily pain, physical functioning and emotional role functioning. However, each group scored at or above age matched American averages in all domains. CONCLUSIONS The laparoscopy group had significantly less postoperative pain and required less time to return to normal functional activities than the mini-incision group. In addition, the laparoscopic group showed significantly higher quality of life scores than the mini-incision group in 3 domains.
Prior Lubrication of the Urethra Does Not Reduce Pain Perception in Men Undergoing Flexible Cystoscopy

Objective: The study aimed to test the hypothesis that the instillation of lidocaine gel does not reduce the pain related to flexible cystoscopy. Material and Methods: A prospective randomized study was designed to compare the pain perception between intraurethral instillation of lidocaine gel and saline solution in flexible cystoscopy. One hundred consecutive male patients attending for flexible cystoscopy were randomized to receive 10 ml of lidocaine gel or 10 ml of saline solution. Saline solution was also used for the irrigation pressure. Patients recorded their pain on a 10 cm Visual Analog Scale before and after the procedure. Patients also assessed whether the cystoscopy was more painful than the previous one. Statistical comparison was made using the t test for parametrical data and the Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametrical data. Results: Mean pain score in the lidocaine group was 0.67 ± 1.11 cm (range 0-5) compared to 0.55 ± 1.10 cm (range 0-5) in the saline solution group. Pain perception did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (mean difference 0.12 cm, 95% CI -0.32 to 0.55, p = 0.40). Conclusions: Prior lubrication of the urethra does not reduce the pain produced during flexible cystoscopy. The introduction of flexible cystoscopes under direct vision and with an irrigation pressure might guarantee sufficient comfort and the lubricant gel instillation could be avoided.
Noise in Dual-Pumped Fiber-Optical Parametric Amplifiers: Theory and Experiments

The noise figure (NF) of a dual-pumped parametric amplifier with copolarized pumps is quantified for the first time to our knowledge. It is shown that the NF is increased by the noise on the pump sources, in agreement with theory, and that it gives a uniform NF degradation due to a uniform gain spectrum. The magnitude of the NF degradation increases with increasing input-signal power. Various aspects of the NF are studied, such as the effects of three idlers generated by the four-sideband interaction, and Raman-induced losses and excess noise caused by the population of thermal phonons. It is shown that the use of unequal pump powers only affects the low-power NF to a minimal degree. Also, the gain dependence of the NF is studied, as are the wavelength and signal power dependences of the NF. It is shown that at high gain, the NF saturates even when pump noise is an issue. Also, unequal pump powers with fixed gain have a minor impact on the noise performance of the amplifier. Theory and experiments agree well with each other.
AUTOMATIC CONCURRENCY GENERATION THROUGH COMMUNICATION DATA SPLITTING BASED ON UML / MARTE MODELS

With the increase in the number of processing eleme nts integrated in HW platforms, the development of new solutions helping engineers to design concurrent applications is gaining greater interest. Code refi n ments required to parallelize sequential algorithms are u sually quite complex, and do not guarantee that the decisi ons taken will provide the expected performance result, requiring a costly and iterative design process. To solve this problem, this paper presents a methodology that ena bl s designers to define and automatically create differ ent concurrent architectures for the system, only modif ying different parameters in the UML model. The main ide a is to automatically modify the communication between components, adding to the typical configurable opti ons of performing synchronous, asynchronous or buffered ca lls the idea of enabling parallelization by dividing one se rvice call into several concurrent calls, each one operating w ith part of the data. Examples of use of this idea with vide o applications are presented, demonstrating the perfo rmance improvement obtained in the final system.
Prolonged antigen half-life in the lymphoid follicles of specifically immunized mice.

The kinetics of clearance of 125I from the popliteal lymph nodes and feet of human serum albumin (HSA)-immunized mice was studied following the injection of [125I]-HSA into the hind footpads. Antigen was cleared from both locations rapidly for the first few days. The antigen half-life (T½) during this period was only a matter of hours. By the end of the first week, however, the rate of clearance in both sites had changed markedly. The antigen T½ in the node between the first and sixth week was 8.1 weeks (95% confidence interval between 5.1 and 20 weeks) and the antigen T½ in the foot was 6.1 weeks (95% confidence interval between 3.7 and 16.6 weeks). There was, however, about twenty times more radioactivity in the feet than in the popliteal nodes. Autoradiography of popliteal lymph nodes revealed that initially antigen was trapped in the medulla, subcapsular sinus, superficial cortex and around lymphoid follicles. During the first few days antigen was cleared from all sites except the follicles. The radioactivity initially trapped in the medulla, subcapsular sinus, and superficial cortex appeared to have been associated with macrophages. Studies with peritoneal macrophages indicated an antigen T½ in these cells of 2 h (95% confidence interval between 1.5 and 3 h). The initial rapid clearance of antigen trapped and catabolized by macrophages and the long-term retention of antigen in the follicles is probably attributable to trapping and retention by follicular dendritic cells. The large pool of antigen trapped in the foot did not appear to serve as a depot to replace antigen degraded in the node, since amputation of the foot did not alter the level of antigen retained in the node. The long antigen T½ in the lymph node follicles indicates that antigen is available in the lymph node to play a role in the maintenance and regulation of immune responses for many months or even years.
Evaluation of predicted and actual length of stay in 22 Scottish intensive care units using the APACHE III system

The most recent edition of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation provides a prediction of intensive care unit length of stay in addition to the probability of hospital mortality. Intensive care length of stay is an important determinant of intensive care costs and may be an important indicator of quality of care. Data were collected from 22 Scottish intensive care units over a 2‐year period to allow comparison of actual intensive care unit length of stay with that predicted by the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III system. Correlation between actual and predicted stay for individual patients was poor. However, performance of the model for patients, grouped either by predicted length of stay or by intensive care unit, indicated that the model stratified patient groups appropriately while demonstrating a consistent bias. Length of stay in Scottish intensive care units was found to be consistently lower than that predicted by a model which is based on intensive care practice in the USA. Variations in severity of illness in intensive care unit populations cannot readily explain differences in intensive care unit length of stay. The availability of a model capable of predicting length of intensive care stay, based on data reflecting practice in the UK, would compliment current methods of assessing effectiveness of intensive care.
The twisted structure of the human Achilles tendon

The Achilles tendon (AT) consists of fascicles that originate from the medial head of the gastrocnemius (MG), lateral head of the gastrocnemius (LG), and soleus muscle (Sol). These fascicles are reported to have a twisted structure. However, there is no consensus as to the degree of torsion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the twisted structure of the AT at the level of fascicles that originate from the MG, LG, and Sol, and elucidate the morphological characteristics. Gross anatomical study of 60 Japanese cadavers (111 legs) was used. The AT fascicles originated from the MG, LG, and Sol were fused while twisting among themselves. There were three classification types depending on the degree of torsion. Further fine separation of each fascicle revealed MG ran fairly parallel in all types, whereas LG and Sol, particularly of the extreme type, were inserted onto the calcaneal tuberosity with strong torsion. In addition, the sites of Sol torsion were 3–5 cm proximal to the calcaneal insertion of the AT. These findings provide promising basic data to elucidate the functional role of the twisted structure and mechanisms for the occurrence of AT injury and other conditions.
Education to return nonpracticing physicians to clinical activity: A case study in physician reentry

Introduction: Physician shortages in the United States are estimated to reach as high as 85 000 by 2020. One strategy for addressing the shortage is to encourage physicians who left clinical practice to return to work, but few programs exist to prepare physicians to reenter practice. The Divisions of Continuing Medical Education and Graduate Medical Education (GME), Oregon Health & Science University, collaborated with clinical departments to establish a physician reentry program. Methods: A case‐study of education designed to return nonpracticing physicians to clinical activity was undertaken. Results: Fourteen candidates were accepted into the program. Accepted candidates were appointed special fellows at the university and provided with restricted institutional license and liability coverage. Based on retraining assessment and planned scope of practice, applicants and program directors designed individualized curricula. As trainees demonstrated clinical proficiency, their level of independence increased in a condensed version of the residency training model. Of the 14 accepted candidates, 13 successfully completed the program and are actively engaged in clinical practice. One trainee did not successfully complete the program. Discussion: This reentry program reintroduced clinically inactive physicians into supervised direct patient care. Use of the GME model allowed acceptance of special fellows and provided institutional malpractice coverage for them.
General practitioners’ opinions of a stepped-care benzodiazepine discontinuation programme

Department Primary Care, Centre of Evidence Based Medicine (EBP), and Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, the Netherlands, Department of Psychiatry and Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Department of Clinical Psychology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, and Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands