Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mongolian Language Model based on Recurrent Neural Networks

In view of data sparsity and long-range dependence when training the N-Gram Mongolian language model, a Mongolian Language Model based on Recurrent Neural Networks (MLMRNN) is proposed. The Mongolian classified word vector is designed and used as the input word vector of MLMRNN in the pre-training phase, and the Skip-Gram word vector with context information is used at the input layer so that the input contains not only semantic information, but also rich context information. It effectively avoids the problem of data sparsity and long-range dependence. Finally, the training algorithm of MLMRNN is designed and the perplexity is used as the evaluation index of the language model to test the perplexity of N-Gram, RNNLM and MLMRNN on the training set and test set, respectively. The experimental results show that the perplexity of using MLMRNN is lower than that of other language models, and the performance of the language model is improved.
Ulvella tongshanensis (Ulvellaceae, Chlorophyta), a new freshwater species from China, and an emended morphological circumscription of the genus Ulvella

A new freshwater species of Ulvella, Ulvella tongshanensis H. ZHU et G. LIU, is described from material collected from rocks under small waterfalls in Hubei Province, China. This unusual species differs from other species in the genus by the macroscopic and upright parenchymatous thalli, and by the particular habitat (most Ulvella species occur in marine environments). Phylogenetic analyses of plastid encoded rbcL and tufA, and nuclear 18S rDNA sequences, pointed towards the generic placement of Ulvella tongshanensis and also showed a close relationship with two other freshwater species, Ulvella bullata (Jao) H. ZHU et G. LIU, comb. nov. and Ulvella prasina (Jao) H. ZHU et G. LIU, comb. nov. The latter two were previously placed in the genus Jaoa and are characterized by disc-shaped to vesicular morphology. Our study once again shows that traditionally used morphological characters are poor indicators for phylogenetic relatedness in morphologically simple algae like the Ulvellaceae. Thus, the morphological circumscription of the genus Ulvella is here expanded to include: (1) thalli that are uniseriate in basal and apical parts, and parenchymatous in the middle portion with distinct differentiation of an unbranched dorsal side and a ventral side developing many short branches, and (2) epibiotic or epilithic, disc-shaped to vesicular thalli with a di- or tristromatic structure.
METHODS AND SUBSTANCES FOR PREVENTING AND TREATING AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/167,493, filed on Oct. 7, 1998, now abandoned. Provisional application No. 60/082,688, filed on Apr. 22, 1998, and provisional application No. 60/061,265, filed on Oct. 7, 1997. Int. Cl. C07H 21/04; C12N 15/09; C12N 5/04; C12N 15/82 U.S. Cl. 536/23.4; 435/69.3; 435/419; 435/468 Field of Search . 424/185; 536/23.1, 536/23.4, 23.5, 23.53; 800/295; 435/419, 69.7, 70.1; 530/412
Validation of the Norwegian version of the 10-item version of Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluations Outcome Measure (CORE-10) in a Norwegian adolescent population (aged 14-18).

Background: This study examined whether the 10 item version of Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluations Outcome Measure (CORE-10) can be used in the Norwegian adolescent population aged 14 to 18 years. The target population was 531 adolescents attending junior and senior high school, 56 adolescent outpatients from Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health (DCAMH), and 182 adolescents utilizing a counseling service in Tromsø. Method: Readability for both Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluations Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) and CORE-10 was calculated using the Flesch-Kincaid Formula. Further the internal consistency and a clinical cut-off score were calculated, and the effect of age and gender on summed up CORE-10 and CORE-OM scores was examined. A Fit Confirmatory Factor Analysis (FCFA) was also conducted on the CORE-OM scores from the non-clinical sample. Results: The readability level for CORE-10 and CORE-OM was suitable for adolescents with a reading level from hence 6 and 7 grade. The internal consistency of CORE-10 was good, and the results suggest a cut-off score of 1.4 for CORE-10. In all samples, a significant gender difference was observed; with females scoring higher than males. A Fit Confirmatory Factor Analysis (FCFA) indicated that the data from the non-clinical sample fit an underlying fourfactor structure. Conclusion: When applying CORE-10 to a Norwegian adolescence population, results from the present study suggest that CORE-10 can be used in the Norwegian adolescent population. Furthermore, the cut-off score for CORE-10 is different from the cut-off score for adults, and we recommend the cut-off score to be adjusted according to the adolescent population.
Optimisation of extrusion cooking conditions and characterization of rice (Oryza sativa)—Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and rice-yam (Dioscorea alata) based RTE products

Extrusion cooking has been extensively used toproduce variety of foods like ready to eatbreakfast cereals, baby foods, snack foods, etc. Taking rice flour as the base ingredient, two locally available tuberous root vegetables, greater yam(Dioscoreaalata) and sweet potato (Ipomoeabatatas) were used in this study for the development of ready-to-eat breakfast products in asingle screw extruder. During extrusion cooking, the screw speeds ranged from 132 to 468 rpm and the barrel temperatures ranged from 103°C to 137°C. The extrudates were then analyzed for various physical and physicochemical properties. Optimization was done following ResponseSurface Methodology (RSM) using CentralComposite Design. Using screw speed, barrel temperature and feed composition as the three independent variables, the three responses taken were bulk density, expansion index and breaking strength. The optimized conditions wereused for developing 3 new products one of which alsocontained tomato pulp powder. The productswere analyzed for their physical, proximate, sensoryand antioxidant properties. There was significantcolour change in all the three samples as indicated by total colour change (ΔE). Texture analysis of the extrudate samples showed hardness values ranging from 28.68 N to 47.57 N. Amylose content was found to be 15.3% in rice-sweet potato extrudate, 14.7% in rice-yam extrudate and 18.2% in rice-sweet potato-tomato extrudate. The antioxidant profile of the extrudates studiedthrough DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-picryhydrazyl)scavenging activity and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant property) showed that the antioxidant capacity in all the 3 extrudates was very low. Rice flour incorporated with sweet potato wasjudged the best on sensory evaluation. Thestudy has shown that both sweet potato and greater yam tubers can be commercially exploited for the development of ready-to-eat (RTE) products.
The Need for Entropy in Finite‐Time Thermodynamics and Elsewhere

Carefully specifying the entropy flow and entropy generation in a system is essential when optimizing its performance. Here we mention that in an ensemble some copies may seemingly violate the second law of thermodynamics, which is OK if on average entropy is produced. We focus on which quantity is being optimized and the need for controls to achieve an optimum. And we emphasize the importance of the defining boundary of what is considered the system; vastly different optima will result for different definitions. Finally, we show the effect of different heat transfer laws as well as the type of working fluid on the entropy production and thus the optimal performance of a system.
Teaching Better, Together: Literacy Coaching as Collaborative Professional Development.

In a tribute to Dean Smith, his University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill basketball coach, Michael Jordan described Smith as not only a coach who led him to a national championship and a legendary NBA career, but also a second father who made him a better professional and a better person (Cindy Boren, Washington Post, February 8, 2015). While Jordan and Smith were exceptional in the history of their sport, it is Jordan’s memory of a coach—and how that relationship pushed him to achieve more than he thought he could—that many of us share. No matter how much we practiced, we never became a Michael Jordan; but we became better for it, and we remember that coach and what he or she inspired within us.
DISEÑO DE CONVERTIDORES ELEVADORES ASIMÉTRICOS PARA APLICACIONES FOTOVOLTAICAS

An asymmetrical interleaved dual boost DC/DC switching converter is proposed to improve photovoltaic systems. Such a new step-up power converter provides a low input current ripple injected into the photovoltaic generator, and at the same time provides a low voltage ripple to the load. The developed converter is based on traditional interleaved boost converters interacting with voltage multiplier cells where the circuit symmetry has been broken, obtaining an inherent discontinuous conduction-operating mode that provides a high voltage conversion ratio in comparison to traditional solutions. Such low-ripple and high boosting conditions make this converter an ideal candidate for photovoltaic systems design, in particular for grid-connected applications. The converter circuitry is analyzed, and a design procedure is proposed in terms of typical photovoltaic systems requirements, providing simple but useful equations. Finally, the converter design is illustrated by means of a realistic design example and validated by using an experimental prototype.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) The Consequences of Astroturf Lobbying for Trust and Authenticity

In contrast to authentic grassroots activism, in astroturfing, lobbyists sponsor an interest group that pretends to be a grassroots movement. In a vignette-based experiment, we investigate for the first time how astroturfing, compared to grassroots lobbying, reflects on stakeholders’ perceptions of organizational trust and authenticity, how perceived frequency of the practices relates to them, and the associations they trigger. Our results indicate that stakeholders perceive an astroturfing organization as barely trustful and authentic, even less so if the practice is perceived as occurring more frequently. Astroturfing triggered negative associations of manipulation. Such perceptions damage organizations’ trustful relationships with their publics.
Molecular Typing of Turkish Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot Virus Isolates Based on Partial Coat Protein Gene

Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) isolates from various hosts and geographic locations in Turkey were molecularly characterized by RFLP, nucleotide sequence analysis and the construction of a phylogenetic tree including ACLSV isolates from GenBank. Based on nucleotide sequence alignment and the phylogenetic tree, we proposed a classification of ACLSV isolates in which isolates were divided into three major groups. The first group contained mainly Far-Eastern isolates, the second group the Hungarian (eastern-European) ACLSV isolates, and the third group, which contained isolates of variable characteristics, was again divided into two subgroups, subgroup I containing mixed European isolates, and subgroup II containing central European isolates. Three representative Turkish ACLSV isolates belonged to the third group; of these, one was from the mixed European cluster (subgroup I) and two from the central European cluster (subgroup II). The nucleotide sequence divergence and geographic origin of the ACLSV isolates were correlated, which indicated the possible extraction of the Turkish isolates.
Molecular Characterization of Parental Lines of Rice Aiming to Address High Yield and Nutritional Quality Under Drought and Cold Stress Condition

Abiotic stresses limit crop growth at different growth stages resulting low yield of rice. Molecular characterization of parental materials gives precise information on the extent of genetic diversity exists between them. A set of 60 SSRs randomly distributed over 12 chromosomes were used to analyze eight cultivars intend to be used as parent in breeding programs to address cold and drought tolerance, and nutritional quality of rice. A total of 300 alleles were detected across the cultivars for 51 polymophic markers with 5.88 alleles per loci. On average 30.6% of the genotypes shared a common allele at any given locus. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that 67% common alleles were shared by the cultivars. The cultivars were clearly grouped into two distinct clusters at 67.0% genetic similarity. Hbj. BVI showing high tolerance to cold stress at seedling stage differed from cold susceptible BR1, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 by 33% alleles while BR18 that showed moderately cold tolerance differed by 29.0 - 29.9% alleles which indicated that only 3-4% alleles difference caused higher cold tolerance in Hbj. BVI. The moderate genetic distance between cold tolerant Hbj. BVI and high yielding BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 indicated that there is higher possibility of obtaining high yielding cold tolerant segregants from the crosses between them. On the other hand, Kalobokri, which had 31.7 mg zinc a kilogram of polished rice differed by 33.0% alleles from the drought tolerant rainfed low varieties BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan57 having moderate level of zinc (~20 mg/kg), which also indicated that crosses between them might produce progenies with higher nutritional quality under drought environment.
NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR OPHTHALMIC PREPARATIONS

Despite numerous efforts, ocular drug delivery still remains a challenge for pharmaceutical scientists. Most of the ocular diseases are treated by topical drug applications. But this suffers from poor bioavailability and other drawbacks. Budding interest in nanopharmaceuticals has generated a number of advancements throughout recent years with a focus on engineering novel applications. Nanotechnology also offers the ability to detect diseases at much earlier stages. Recent developments in ocular drug delivery system research have provided new insights into drug development. This review summarizes recent findings and applications of various nanoparticulate systems like nanospheres, nanosuspensions, microemulsions, liposome, etc in ocular drug delivery. Keywords: Nanosuspensions, Ocular drug delivery, Nanoparticulate
Modification of spectrin in red cell membranes by the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal associated with the changes in red cell membrane properties

Title INFORMATION: Theses for the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (equivalent to Ph.D.) Citation Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 58(2), 143-148 Issue Date 2010-08 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/43316 Type bulletin (other) Note Hokkaido University confered the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Veterinary Medicine on June 30, 2010 to 5 recipients. File Information JJVR58-2_p143-148.pdf
Comparative study on different viewpoints of luxury brand equity based on the luxury resort hotel in Taiwan and Macao

Adopting the concept of luxury experience brand equity and customer orientation in the luxury resort hotel industry is very important. Furthermore, the study is based on the first gap of SERVQUAL model which points out that the first of the five major lags in the service industry is the ‘expectation lag’ between the consumers and the industry managers. The study focuses on luxury resort hotels industry located in Taiwan and Macao and analyzes the viewpoints, awareness of the consumers, consumers engaged in the industry, and civil service and academia. The research result shows that consumers and managers in Taiwan have different interests when it comes to luxury brand equity, while the situation in Macao is quite the opposite. One reason is that hotel owners in Macao can cope with the environmental changes and psychological changes. The government, along with academic institutions, tries to recognize potential problems early on. Some of these may include pattern change in consumption and changes in consumption intention. Key words: Luxury resort hotel industry, brand equity, experience.
What Do We Know About In-service Police Training? Results of a Failed Systematic Review

To learn more about what the social scientific research literature can tell us about ‘what works’ in the field of in-service police training, the author attempted to conduct a systematic review of the recent published research on this topic (2000-2015). After initially narrowing the search results to 21 studies, the review had to be abandoned because there was an insufficient number of studies on any one topic or training technique. The author reflects on what this failed review means from the standpoint of the possible economic and social costs of potentially ineffective and inefficient inservice training.
Divine Deformity: The Plinian Races (via Isidore of Seville) in Irish Mythology

This article examines the characteristics of the Fomoiri in Irish mythological literature--particularly their being one-eyed, one-legged, and one-handed or one-armed--and rather than positing a proto-Indo-European or native Irish origin for these physical motifs, instead suggests that these characteristics may be derived from Isidore of Seville's Etymologiae , which contains a catalogue of the "Plinian races" of classical mythology and pseudo-ethnography within it. All of the Fomoiri's characteristics can be compared to the physiological forms of the Giants, Sciopods, Cyclopes, and Blemmyae from the canonical list of Plinian races. Further omparison of Irish accounts of cynocephali (dog-headed humanoids) within texts like Lebor Gabala Erenn are also likely derived from Isidore.
Violation of the Fluctuation-Response Relation for the Langevin model in the Non-equilibrium Steady State

Two relations between measurable quantities in a non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) are established by the quantities related to the violation of the fluctuationresponse relation(FRR). In the NESS, the time correlation function differs from the linear-response function because the FRR is violated. Therefore, the difference between the time correlation and the linear-response function can be regarded as the measurable quantity related to the FRR violation. First, the extended expression of the Harada-Sasa equality is derived by using the multiple-scale analysis. The expression includes the Harada-Sasa equalities for the underdamped and overdamped Langevin models as special cases. In addition, the expression shows that the Harada-Sasa equality is available in a time region satisfying t ≪ t1 in the underdamped model, where t1 is a time-constant of the advection of a Brownian particle. By representing a relaxation time-constant of the momentum as tu, a dimensionless parameter ε = tu/t1 is introduced. The expression is obtained by the second-order expansion of the difference between the time correlation and the linear-response function in the underdamped model in powers of ε by assuming that tu is much smaller than t1. Next, the reciprocal relation for differences between the time correlation and linear-response function is studied in the Langevin system to which the thermal and mechanical perturbations are applied in the NESS. The thermal perturbation is realized by the temporal change in the temperature of the heat bath. In the system under the NESS, the reciprocal relation is derived by using the FurutsuNovikov-Donsker formula. The derived relation shows that the differences between mechanical / thermal time correlation and linear-response functions have the reciprocity in non-equilibrium steady states. This relation is derived in the underdamped and overdamped Langevin models.
Characterization and development of different methods to extend shelf life of fresh cut fruit. Case study: novel controlled release system by layer-by-layer assembly

The research project aimed at the investigation of different methods for the storage of fresh-cut fruit. This case study relates to the proposal of an innovative controlled release system to improve the shelf life of ready-to-eat fruit. The methods applied during three research years included the application of active molecules from natural substances, some widely used in commerce and other tested for the first time; first analyzed in vitro and then applied in vivo. The under consideration methods concerned dipping, coating and the layer-by-layer assembly. The analysis carried out on the fruit have monitored pomological traits performances (soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, color, flesh firmness), the chemical profile (polyphenoloxidase, carotenoids) and microbial growth.
Cyber Forensics: Representing and Managing Tangible Chain of Custody Using the Linked Data Principles

Tangible Chain of Custody ( CoC) in cyber forensics ( CF ) is a document accompanying digital evidences. It records all information related to the evidences at each phase of the forensics investigation process in order to improve and prosecute them in a court of law. Because a digital evidence can be easily altered and loses its value, the CoC plays a vital role in the digital investigation by demonstrating the road map of Who exactly, When, Where, Why, What and How came into contact with the digital evidence. With the advent of the digital age, the tangible CoC document needs to undergo a radical transformation from paper to electronic data ( e-CoC ). This e-CoC will be readable, and consumed by computers. The semantic web is a fertile land to represent and manage the tangible CoC because it uses web principles known as Linked Data Principles (LDP), which provide useful information in Resource Description Framework (RDF) upon Unified Resource Identifier (URI) resolution. These principles are used to publish data publicly on the web and provide a standard framework that allows such data to be shared, and consumed in a machine readable format. This paper provides a framework explaining how these principles are applied to represent the chain of custodies and used only by actors in each forensics process, in order to be consumed at the end by the jury in a court of law. This paper also illustrates this idea by giving an example of the authentication phase imported from the Kruse forensics process.
Magnetic Field-Induced Compressive Property of Magnetorheological Elastomer under High Strain Rate

The dynamic compressive property of magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) under high strain rate was investigated using a modified split Hopkinson pressure bar system. Both the compressive properties in the pre-yield region and the post-yield region were studied. Experimental results show that the dynamic compressive property of MRE under high strain rate is related to the magnetic field and the strain rate. In the pre-yield region, with increasing magnetic field or strain rate, both the Young’s modulus and the yield stress increase. However, the yield strain decreases with increasing magnetic field or strain rate. A constitutive model consisting of hyperelasticity, viscoelasticity, and a magnetic part was proposed to describe the compressive property of MRE, and the model agrees well with the experimental results. In the post-yield region, the stress first decreases to a minimum value and then increases smoothly when the strain exceeds the yield strain, which is due to the change of the chainlike structures.