Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cubic SiC Nanowires: Growth, Characterization and Applications

Since the introduction of carbon nanotubes in 1992, the study of one-dimesional nanomaterials, which includes metallic, magnetic, semiconducting and oxide compounds, has attracted considerable interest, especially as regards nanowires (NW), nanobelts and nanorods [Kolasinski, 2006]. The main interests of this research are in the realization of nanoelectronic devices (e.g. nano field-effect transistors), nano-electromechanical systems, and nano-sensors exploiting high selectivity and compatibility with biological systems. Nanostructures may present very different characteristic and novel properties with respect to the corresponding bulk material, and they have important physical and chemical properties, in particular large specific surface/volume ratio and quantum size effects, which permit many applications such as nanoscale devices, sensors and scanning probes not possible with standard structures. Silicon carbide (SiC) has gained importance as both a coating and a structural material for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) (Sarro, 2000; Mehregany et al, 2000). SiC is a wide bandgap semiconductor used for high temperature, high power applications and radiation–hard environments. The high Si-C bond energy confers a high Young’s modulus and hence mechanical toughness and high fracture strength (Li and Bhushan, 1999); moreover, it is chemically inert to the most corrosive and erosive chemicals and is biocompatible (Willander et al. 2006; Casady and Johnson 1996; Yakimova et al. 2007). More than 100 polytypes of SiC exist but the SiC cubic phase (3C-SiC) has drawn particular attention because it can be deposited on Si (Marshall et al. 1973). The combination of these distinctive physical, chemical and mechanical properties of SiC and the possibility to synthesize SiC NW make this material an excellent candidate for the design and fabrication of nanodevices. Surface functionalization introduces specific chemical functional groups onto a surface, in order to tailor its properties to specific needs. Functionalization of NW is nowadays a burgeoning field of activity, and motivates researchers involved in nanotechnology and related activities: defining a specific molecule/NW interface, suitable for selective bonding to a chosen chemical species, is a key step of the development of nano-objects tuned by the physical and chemical properties of molecules, and may have notable application in sensing and biosensing.
Hyperstate matrix models: extending demographic state spaces to higher dimensions

Demographic models describe population dynamics in terms of the movement of individuals among states (e.g. size, age, developmental stage, parity, frailty, physiological condition). Matrix population models originally classified individuals by a single characteristic. This was enlarged to two characteristics in vec‐permutation models and the closely related megamatrix models. However, it has been recognised that the interplay of more than two characteristics can affect the population dynamics. Here, we present a framework, called hyperstate matrix model, in which individuals may be classified by any number of characteristics, using the generalisation of the vec‐permutation approach to hypermatrices. These models are constructed from a simple block‐diagonal matrix formulation of the movement of individuals among each dimension of the i‐state. This framework provides a step‐by‐step construction and makes available the usual demographic analysis developed for classical matrix models. In particular, we derive a general formula for the sensitivity of any output of the hyperstate matrix model, to any vector of parameters. In spite of the technicalities underlying these models, implementation is straightforward and we provide the MATLAB code to carry it out. We apply this approach to a three‐dimensional example in which individuals are classified by developmental stage, age and heterogeneity classes. The analysis of this model provides insights into how the heritability of the heterogeneity classes affects the long‐term growth rate of the population. As the questions in conservation biology become more sophisticated and data on threatened species become more detailed, multiple dimensions in demographic models will become increasingly important. Hyperstate matrix methods will make such analyses possible and directly applicable to conservation and population management.
Hessian valuations

A new class of continuous valuations on the space of convex functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$ is introduced. On smooth convex functions, they are defined for $i=0,\dots,n$ by \begin{equation*} u\mapsto \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \zeta(u(x),x,\nabla u(x))\,[\operatorname{D}^2 u(x)]_i\,{\rm d} x \end{equation*} where $\zeta\in C(\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}^n\times\mathbb{R}^n)$ and $[\operatorname{D}^2 u]_i$ is the $i$th elementary symmetric function of the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix, $\operatorname{D}^2 u$, of $u$. Under suitable assumptions on $\zeta$, these valuations are shown to be invariant under translations and rotations on convex and coercive functions.
FITTING MULTIVARIATE MODELS TO COMMUNITY DATA: A COMMENT ON DISTANCE‐BASED REDUNDANCY ANALYSIS

Nonparametric multivariate analysis of ecological data using permutation tests has two main challenges: (1) to partition the variability in the data according to a complex design or model, as is often required in ecological experiments, and (2) to base the analysis on a multivariate distance measure (such as the semimetric Bray-Curtis measure) that is reasonable for ecological data sets. Previous nonparametric methods have succeeded in one or other of these areas, but not in both. A recent contribution to Ecological Monographs by Legendre and Anderson, called distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA), does achieve both. It does this by calculating principal coordinates and subsequently correcting for negative eigenvalues, if they are present, by adding a constant to squared distances. We show here that such a correction is not necessary. Partitioning can be achieved directly from the distance matrix itself, with no corrections and no eigenanalysis, even if the distance measure used is semimetric. An ecological example is given to show the differences in these statistical methods. Empirical simulations, based on parameters estimated from real ecological species abundance data, showed that db-RDA done on multifactorial designs (using the correction) does not have type 1 error consistent with the significance level chosen for the analysis (i.e., does not provide an exact test), whereas the direct method described and advocated here does.
Benford, Steve and Hazzard, Adrian and Chamberlain, Alan and Xu, Liming (2015) Augmenting a guitar with its digital footprint. In: 15th International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, May 31 - June 3 2015, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

We explore how to digitally augment musical instruments by connecting them to their social histories. We describe the use of Internet of Things technologies to connect an acoustic guitar to its digital footprint  a record of how it was designed, built and played. We introduce the approach of crafting interactive decorative inlay into the body of an instrument that can then be scanned using mobile devices to reveal its digital footprint. We describe the design and construction of an augmented acoustic guitar called Carolan alongside activities to build its digital footprint through documented encounters with twenty-seven players in a variety of settings. We reveal the design challenge of mapping the different surfaces of the instrument to various facets of its footprint so as to afford appropriate experiences to players, audiences and technicians. We articulate an agenda for further research on the topic of connecting instruments to their social histories, including capturing and performing digital footprints and creating personalized and legacy experiences.
Statistical Analysis of Part of Speech (Pos) Tagging Algorithms for English Corpus

Part of speech (POS) Tagging is the procedure of allocating the portion of speech tag or supplementary philological class signal to every single and every single word in a sentence. In countless Usual Speech Processing presentations such as word intellect disambiguation, data recovery, data grasping, analyzing, interrogating, and contraption clarification, POS tagging is imitated as the one of the frank obligatory tool. Categorizing the uncertainties in speech philological items is the mystifying goal in the procedure of growing an effectual and correct POS Tagger. n this paper we difference the presentation of a insufficient POS tagging methods for Bangla speech, e.g. statistical way (n-gram, HMM) and perception established approach. A supervised POS tagging way needs a colossal number of annotated training corpuses to tag properly. At this early period of POS-tagging for English. In this work we craft an earth truth set that encompasses tagged words from sampled corpus. We additionally investigated the presentation of POS taggers for disparate kinds of words.
[Frontiers in Bioscience 10, 1802-1827, May 1, 2005] 1802 APTAMERS: PROSPECTS IN THERAPEUTICS AND BIOMEDICINE

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Advantages of aptamers as therapeutics 4. Aptamers as therapeutics 4.1. Aptamers against viruses and pathogens 4.1. 1. Hepatitis C Virus 4.1. 2. Influenza Virus 4.1. 3. Whole virus inhibition (RSV & HCMV) 4.1. 4. Aptamers against other pathogens 4.2. Aptamers in cancer treatment 4.2. 1. Aptamers against tumor antigens 4.2. 2. Aptamers against whole cells 4.3. Aptamers and immune disorders 5. Aptamers in biomedical research 5.1. Signaling pathways and cell regulation 5.2. Gene expression 6. Advances toward greater aptamer utility 6.1. Exogenous delivery 6.1. 1. Injection 6.1. 2. Other physical methods 6.1. 3. Targeting/localization 6.1. 4. Aptamer stabilization and pharmacokinetics 6.1. 5. Controlling aptamer dosage 6.2. Endogenous delivery 6.2. 1. Cellular transduction 6.2. 2. Cellular transfection 6.2. 3. Other delivery methods 6.2. 4. Expression cassettes 6.2. 5. Regulating gene expression 7. Perspectives 8. Acknowledgements 9. References
Improved Protein Phosphorylation Site Prediction by a New Combination of Feature Set and Feature Selection

Phosphorylation of protein is an important post-translational modification that enables activation of various enzymes and receptors included in signaling pathways. To reduce the cost of identifying phosphorylation site by laborious experiments, computational prediction of it has been actively studied. In this study, by adopting a new set of features and applying feature selection by Random Forest with grid search before training by Support Vector Machine, our method achieved better or comparable performance of phosphorylation site prediction for two different data sets.
11 “ Jugando a Ganar Salud ” ( “ Playing to Gain Health ” ) : A Summer-Vacation Physical Activity and Correct Eating Workshop for School-Aged Children – A Pilot Study

According to the most recent data on nutritional evaluation in Mexican population, one of every four children between 5 and 11 years of age (26%) presents overweight or obesity, dramatically surpassing the estimate calculated for 2010 for childhood obesity at the worldwide level of 6.7% (Olaiz-Fernández G, 2006). This problem acquires great relevance not only because of the prevalence of obesity, but also due to the consequences associated with this condition, such as high risk of adult-age obesity and chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, dyslipidemias, obstructive apnea sleep disorder syndrome, and non-alcoholic steatosis (Pimenta AM, 2010; Elizondo-Montemayor L, 2010). Conclusive evidence has been established that physical activity is a promoter of healthy lifestyle promoter and a preventer of excessive weight gain (Summerbell CD, 2005) and other diseases. In particular, habitual physical activity at early ages increases the probability of exerting an impact on the mortality and longevity of persons, as well as improving some cardiovascular risk indicators (Hills AP, 2007; Balas-Nakaxh M, 2010). Generality in existing consensuses for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity cites the promotion of physical activity as an imperative strategy. The different guidelines that exist on physical activity in children recommend 60 min of physical activity daily of at least moderate intensity, including vigorous aerobic activity at least 3 days a week (Jasen I, 2010; O’Donovan G, 2010). Unfortunately, in Mexico, the reality concerning the time devoted to physical activity in children lies very far from these recommendations. An observational study conducted in Mexico quantified the physical activity engaged in within the school environment, identifying that children have few opportunities to participate in moderateand vigorous-intensity physical activity, scarcely achieving one half of the time recommended by international guidelines for this age group (Jennings-Aburto N ,2009). A large proportion of the reports on studies examining the promotion of physical activity in this age group are hardly encouraging in terms of the results obtained regarding body weight modification, eating habits, and a sedentary lifestyle at the
Remote Device Identification based on Bluetooth Fingerprinting Techniques

We introduce a method to efficiently determine a Bluetooth device’s properties as needed for a variety of purposes. Blueprinting aims to set a standard for Bluetooth fingerprinting devices. The idea is similar to IP fingerprinting techniques as used in tools like nmap where it is possible to determine a hosts operating system by specific behavior of the IP stack. With Blueprinting it is possible to determine the manufacturer, the device model and the firmware version of the respective device. The complexity of the introduced method is intentionally simple so that this procedure can be executed on constrained devices that are not capable of calculating common hashes such as MD5: the J2ME Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) Version 1.0 (as used in many mobile handsets) can perform it. This text is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 License. This license permits you to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, to make derivative works and to make commercial use of the work. These rights are granted as long as you give the original author credit and as long as you distribute resulting work under a license identical to this one. For more detailed information on this specific license, please check http://creativecommons.org trifinite.group
Letcher, Ned, Rebecca Dridan and Timothy Baldwin (2015) gDelta: A Missing Link in the Grammar Engineering Toolchain, Language Resources and Evaluation

The development of precision grammars is an inherently resource-intensive process; their complexity means that changes made to one area of a grammar often introduce unexpected flow-on effects elsewhere in the grammar which may only be discovered after some time has been invested in updating numerous test suite items. In this paper, we present the browser-based gDelta tool, which aims to provide grammar engineers with more immediate feedback on the impact of changes made to a grammar by comparing parser output from two different grammar versions. We describe an attribute weighting algorithm for highlighting components of the grammar that have been strongly impacted by a modification to the grammar, as well as a technique for clustering test suite items whose parsability has changed, in order to locate related groups of effects. These two techniques are used to present the grammar engineer with different views on the grammar to inform them of different aspects of change in a data-driven manner.
Type-III and Tilted Dirac Cones Emerging from Flat Bands in Photonic Orbital Graphene

The extraordinary electronic properties of Dirac materials, the two-dimensional partners of Weyl semimetals, arise from the linear crossings in their band structure. When the dispersion around the Dirac points is tilted, the emergence of intricate transport phenomena has been predicted, such as modified Klein tunnelling, intrinsic anomalous Hall effects and ferrimagnetism. However, Dirac materials are rare, particularly with tilted Dirac cones. Recently, artificial materials whose building blocks present orbital degrees of freedom have appeared as promising candidates for the engineering of exotic Dirac dispersions. Here we take advantage of the orbital structure of photonic resonators arranged in a honeycomb lattice to implement photonic lattices with semi-Dirac, tilted and, most interestingly, type-III Dirac cones that combine flat and linear dispersions. The tilted cones emerge from the touching of a flat and a parabolic band with a non-trivial topological charge. These results open the way to the synthesis of orbital Dirac matter with unconventional transport properties and, in combination with polariton nonlinearities, to the study of topological and Dirac superfluids in photonic lattices.
Comprehensive evaluation of the neuropeptide-y gene variants in risk of obesity: A case-control study and meta-analysis Short title: Meta-analysis of NPY variants and obesity

Background Orexigenic actions mediated by neuropeptide-y (NPY) promote body weight regulation. Genetic variations in the NPY gene could therefore influence susceptibility to obesity, but results have been conflicting. In this study, we performed for the first time a case-control study to examine the effect of NPY rs16147 and rs5574 variants with obesity risk in Asians, and also a meta-analysis to summarize the effect of these variants including that of the widely studied rs16139. Material and methods Genotypes and biochemistry data were determined for 942 children (262 cases and 680 controls) recruited from 23 randomly selected schools in Malaysia. Relevant articles were identified from Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Data were extracted and summary estimates of the association between the NPY variants and obesity were examined. Results The frequency of rs16147 T-allele was significantly higher in the cases than controls (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.55, P = 0.022), while rs5574 T-allele was significantly higher in the controls (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.61-0.96, P = 0.020). In addition, NPY rs16147 was significantly correlated with obesity parameters including BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride and body fat percentage (P < 0.05). Meta-analysis including nine case-control studies further confirmed the findings of the association of the two variants with obesity risk and also found that rs16139 was associated with increased risk. Conclusion This study suggests that NPY rs16147 T and rs16139 C minor alleles are associated with increased risk, while minor allele T of the rs5574 is associated with reduced
Two Limits of Initial-Value Decadal Predictability in a CGCM

Abstract When the climate system experiences time-dependent external forcing (e.g., from increases in greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations), there are two inherent limits on the gain in skill of decadal climate predictions that can be attained from initializing with the observed ocean state. One is the classical initial-value predictability limit that is a consequence of the system being chaotic, and the other corresponds to the forecast range at which information from the initial conditions is overcome by the forced response. These limits are not caused by model errors; they correspond to limits on the range of useful forecasts that would exist even if nature behaved exactly as the model behaves. In this paper these two limits are quantified for the Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3), with several 40-member climate change scenario experiments. Predictability of the upper-300-m ocean temperature, on basin and global scales, is estimated by relative entropy from information theory. Desp.
Developing Memory Reconsolidation Blockers as Novel PTSD Treatments

Abstract : The original aim of this project was to develop pharmacologic interventions that, when presented together with traumatic memory reactivation, could serve as novel treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Candidate drugs were tested in animals in a single-trial, fear conditioning paradigm. Some of those found promising were tested in human subjects with PTSD in a single reactivation session, psychophysiological experiment employing script-driven imagery. One drug, viz., propranolol, was tested in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) employing six traumatic memory reactivation sessions. Positive findings in rats included the following. Post-reactivation mifepristone (a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) blocked the reconsolidation of a conditioned fear memory; propranolol (a beta-adrenergic blocker) prevented mifepristone s effect. Post-reactivation clonidine (an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist) also blocked the reconsolidation of a conditioned fear memory. Post-reactivation rapamycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor, also blocked the reconsolidation of a conditioned fear memory. This last effect was found to be exerted through a post-synaptic mechanism, in contrast to fear conditioning (memory consolidation), which was found to be exerted through a pre-synaptic mechanism. In humans with PTSD, we failed to find that mifepristone, with or without the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) partial agonist d-cycloserine, both administered prior to traumatic memory reactivation, reduced subsequent physiological responding during scriptdriven imagery of the traumatic event. Finally, in the context of a first, double-blind, placebo-controlled, RCT, we found that a series of six traumatic memory reactivation sessions plus propranolol was efficacious in reducing symptoms in chronic PTSD. This last finding represents a new, translational treatment for this disorder.
Multiple trait genetic analysis of growth in the Pirenaica beef cattle breed.

One of the main objectives of selection for beef cattle is weight at slaughter. Live weights along growth are currently used as selection criteria under the hypothesis of a positive genetic correlation with weight at slaughter. In this study we have used data for weight at 120 (W120) and 210 (W210) days and at slaughter (WS) and the gain of weight between them (∆120-210 and ∆210-WS) in the Pirenaica Beef Cattle Breed to increase our knowledge about the genetic and environmental relationships between different phases of growth. The posterior mean (and standard deviation) estimates of heritability were 0.343 (0.016), 0.347 (0.019), 0.349 (0.022), 0.292 (0.030), and 0.334 (0.058) for W120, W210, WS, ∆120-210 and ∆210-WS, respectively. Further, genetic correlations were high and positive between weights at different ages (W120 and W210), but more moderate when related with weight at slaughter (WS). These results question the efficiency on the current scheme of selection. Genetic and residual correlations among gains of weight and immediately posterior weights (∆120-210 and W210 and ∆210-WS and WS) were positive and very high. However, genetic correlations between gains of weight and previous weights were low or null and residual correlations between them were negative (0.30). The presence of these negative residual correlations suggests the existence of compensatory growth that is not considered in regular strategies of genetic evaluation.