Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ConfEx : An Analytics Framework for Text-Based Software Configurations in the Cloud

Modern cloud applications are designed in a highly configurable way to provide increased reusability and portability. With the growing complexity of these applications, configuration errors (i.e., misconfigurations) have become major sources of service outages and disruptions. While some research has so far focused on automatically detecting errors on configurations that are represented as well-structured key-value pairs, discovering and extracting configurations remain a challenge for a wide range of cloud applications that store their configurations in looselystructured text files. This paper proposes ConfEx, a framework that enables discovery and analysis of text-based configurations in multi-tenant cloud platforms and cloud image repositories. Our framework uses a novel vocabulary-based discovery technique to identify text-based configuration files in cloud system instances with unlabeled content. We show that, even for labeled configuration files, widely-used and expert-maintained configuration parsing tools lack the consistency and robustness needed for meaningful statistical analysis of configurations. We introduce a novel disambiguation technique that resolves the inconsistencies in the configuration-related data extracted by existing parsers. When tested on 4581 popular Docker Hub images, ConfEx achieves over 98% precision and recall in identifying configuration files, and consistently improves the efficacy of misconfiguration detection through outlier analysis as well as syntactic configuration validation.
Preparation of Azobenzene-Containing Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers for Light-Responsive Micellar Aggregates

Diblock copolymers composed of a side-chain liquid crystalline azobenzene-containing polymethacrylate and poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PAzoMA-b-PtBA) were prepared using atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). After subsequent selective hydrolysis of PtBA yielding poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), amphiphilic diblock copolymers of PAzoMA-b-PAA were obtained. Aggregation of either PAzoMA or PAA block occurs in solvents selective for one of the blocks. Adding water into dioxane solution of PAzoMA-b-PAA forms micellar aggregates due to the hydrophobic PAzoMA block. Under alternating UV and visible light illumination, reversible changes in micellar aggregates, for both core-shell micelles and vesicles, took place as a result of the reversible trans-cis photoisomerization of azobenzene mesogens in PAzoMA.
Series WPS No . 779 April 2016 ‘ So That All May See ’ : An Interrogation of Knowledge Generation in the Post-colony

Discourses on geopolitics of knowledge have for long focused on distribution of knowledge artifacts as a marker of West‟s domination. But following Mignolo and focusing on enunciation, we centre-stage the geoand body-politics of knowledgethe knower, known and the knowing in the process of displacement of dominance. Through an exploration and interrogation of a surgical invention in „stem cell therapy‟ in ophthalmology at a clinic-cum-research site in India, we show that only through the mutual imbrication of the socio-economic-cultural sensibility of the geo-historically located innovator surgeon and the immanent scientific logic of stem cells therapy that displacement occurs in geo-politics of knowledge. We argue that mutual imbrication happens through the „location‟ becoming implicated in the known and the knowing thereby equipping the knower in a mutually constitutive manner. Such implication of the „local‟ can occur only when a knowledge-artifact is yet to be concretised in the Simondonian sense, i.e, is open and still in the making. Dialogic relations between the knower and the known allow locally informed transductive leaps of imagination in an open knowledge artifact.
Fuzzy Risk Assessment and Management in Process Industries-Case Study : Gas Pipelines

1. Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Department, University of Tehran. 2. Assistant Professor, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran. 3. Assistant Professor, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran. 4.Gas Transmission Operation District 8, Iranian Gas Transmission Company, Iran. 5. PhD Student of Environmental Planning, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran.
A molecular simulation approach to the prediction of the morphology of self-assembled nanoparticles in diblock copolymers

Mixing microphase-separating diblock copolymers and nanoparticles can lead to the self-assembly of organic/inorganic hybrid materials that are spatially organized on the nanometre scale. Controlling particle location and patterns within the polymeric matrix domains remains, however, an unmet need. Computer simulation of such systems constitutes an interesting challenge since an appropriate technique would require the capturing of both the formation of the diblock mesophases and the copolymer–particle and particle–particle interactions, which can affect the ultimate structure of the material. In this work we discuss the application of Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) to the study of the distribution of nanoparticles with different degree of functionality and volume fraction in a lamellar microsegregated copolymer template. The DPD parameters of the systems were calculated according to a multi-step modelling approach, i.e., from lower scale (atomistic) simulations. The results show that positioning and ordering of the nanoparticles, as well as the dimensions of the block domains depend on covering extent and volume fraction, in full agreement with experiments. The overall results provide molecular-level information for the rational, a priori design of new polymer–particle nanocomposites with ad hoc, tailored properties.
L-NMMA delays apoptosis in the nucleus pulposus cells of intervertebral discs

Apoptosis plays an important role in degeneration of Nucleus Pulposus (NP) cells. L-Monomethyl- Arginine (L-NMMA) is an analogue of L-arginine and can be inactivated irreversibly by induced NOS (iNOS). L-NMMA can also compete with L-arginine for binding sites on iNOS molecules. In addition, LNMMA has been reported to influence the apoptosis of hyaline cartilage cells in vitro. Thus, we hypothesized that L-NMMA would influence the apoptosis of NP cells in vitro. Rabbit primary NP cells were cultured and subjected to flow cytometry to determine the levels of apoptosis in each group at each time point. Western blotting was performed to detect the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, as well as protein levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9. A significant increase in apoptosis was observed between the NP cells cultured with 1% FBS medium with versus without L-NMMA (P<0.01). Likewise, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was also increased in NP cells cultured in 1% FBS with L-NMMA, versus those cultured without L-NMMA (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the activity levels of both caspase-3 and caspase-9 were reduced in the presence of L-NMMA, compared with levels observed in the absence of L-NMMA (P<0.01). This study showed that L-NMMA treatment delayed the senescence and apoptosis of NP cells in vitro, raising the possibility that L-NMMA may be a novel treatment to delay intervertebral disc degeneration.
Phytochemicals and syneresis of osmo‐dried mulberry incorporated yoghurt

Abstract The research was aimed to study the effect of the addition of Osmo‐air‐dried mulberry (TSS 29.33%) in yoghurt on syneresis and a bioactive component of yoghurt. Two types of yoghurts, with or without Osmo‐dried mulberry, were developed using standard culture (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus), and changes at refrigerated temperature (<5°C) were studied. Fruit yoghurt showed high total soluble solids (TSSs) and low‐fat content (dry basis) (17.67% and 11.84%) compared with normal yoghurt (9.5% and 17.21%). The addition of fruits increased the ascorbic acid (0.77 to 5.96 mg/100 g yoghurt), anthocyanins content (0 to 7.9 mg/100 g yoghurt), total phenol content (TPC) (6.63 to 68.03 mg GAE/100 g yoghurt), and antioxidant activity (20.73% to 47.6% radical scavenging activity) in yoghurt. During 18 days of storage at refrigerated condition (<5°C), the acidity of all samples increased, while pH decreased. Syneresis increased with a storage period in control samples while fruit incorporated yoghurt showed decreased syneresis with time. The viability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count went on decreasing at similar rates for both with and without the Osmo‐dried mulberry incorporated yoghurt. There is an ample opportunity for utilization of Osmo‐air‐dried mulberry in yoghurt to prevent syneresis during storage with increased bioactive components.
Hybrid Classification in Bag of Visual Words Model

Classification of images by means of the BOVW method is well known and applied in different recognition projects, this method rely on three phases: detection and extraction of characteristics, representation of the image and finally the classification. SIFT, Kmeans and SVM is the most accepted combination. This article aims to demonstrate that this combination is not always the best choice for all types of datasets, different training sets of images were created from scratch and will be used for the bag of visual words model: the first phase of detection and extraction, SIFT will be used, later in the second phase a dictionary of words will be created through a clustering process using K-means, EM, K-means in combination with EM, finally, for classification it will be compared the algorithms of SVM, Gaussian NB, KNN, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Neural Network and AdaBoost in order to determine the performance and accuracy of every method.
Modified endoscopic septoplasty: a novel technique

The use of nasal endoscopes in rhinological practice has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of nasal obstruction. The nasal endoscope allows precise preoperative identification of the septal pathology and associated lateral wall abnormalities and helps in better planning of endoscopic aided surgery.1 Use of endoscopes for septal correction was first described in 1991 by Lanza et al.,2 and Stammberger.3 Endoscopic septoplasty is a minimal invasive technique that can limit the dissection and minimize trauma to nasal septal flap under excellent visualization. This is reported to be especially valuable for patients who have had previous septal surgery.4,5
Predicting trophic position in sharks of the north-west Atlantic Ocean using stable isotope analysis

Trophic positions (TP) were estimated for the blue shark (Prionace glauca), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus), and basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) using stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). The basking shark had the lowest TP (3·1) and δ15N value (10·4‰), whereas the thresher shark had the highest values (4·5, 15·2‰). Mako sharks showed considerable variation in TP and isotopic values, possibly due to foraging from both inshore and offshore waters. Thresher sharks were significantly more enriched in δ15N than blue sharks and mako sharks, suggesting a different prey base. The δ13C values of thresher sharks and mako sharks varied significantly, but neither was significantly different from that of blue sharks. No statistical differences were found between our TP estimations and those derived from published stomach contents analyses, indicating that stable isotope data may be used to estimate the trophic status of sharks.
Random Early Dynamic Detection Approach for Congestion Control

Congestion is one of the key issues that may occur when the amount of available resources at a router buffer cannot accommodate all arriving packets In order to detect and control congestion, Active Queue Management (AQM) methods such as Random Early Detection (RED) are used before the buffer overflows. However, most of these methods including RED suffer from issues such as their reliance on the setting parameters and require affixing input parameters to appropriate values in order to gain a satisfactory performance. Furthermore, RED like methods are not able to stabilise the average queue length between the minimum and maximum threshold positions when the number of sources increases and as such a heavy congestion occurs. To enhance RED's performance in regards to mean queue length and packets waiting time a new method called Random Early Dynamic Detection (REDD) is proposed in this paper. REDD has been compared with popular congestion control methods, i.e. Drop-tail, RED and Adaptive Maximum Threshold (AMT). This comparison is based different known performance measure such as throughput, packets waiting time, packet loss probability, etc. The experimental results indicate that REDD has a better performance results than its predecessor for the majority of the measures utilised and using Bernoulli and 2-MMBP processes.
Constant IP Lookup With FIB Explosion

With the fast development of Internet, the forwarding tables in backbone routers have been growing fast in size. An ideal IP lookup algorithm should achieve constant, yet small, IP lookup time, and on-chip memory usage. However, no prior IP lookup algorithm achieves both requirements at the same time. In this paper, we first propose SAIL, a splitting approach to IP lookup. One splitting is along the dimension of the lookup process, namely finding the prefix length and finding the next hop, and another splitting is along the dimension of prefix length, namely IP lookup on prefixes of length less than or equal to 24 and that longer than 24. Second, we propose a suite of algorithms for IP lookup based on our SAIL framework. Third, we implemented our algorithms on four platforms: CPU, FPGA, GPU, and many-core. We conducted extensive experiments to evaluate our algorithms using real FIBs and real traffic from a major ISP in China. Experimental results show that our SAIL algorithms are much faster than well known IP lookup algorithms.
Effects of trace metals on infaunal species composition in polluted intertidal and subtidal marine sediments near a lead smelter, Spencer Gulf, South Australia

The infauna of intertidal and subtidal marine sediments at 18 sites near a large lead-zinc smelter In Spencer Gulf, South Australia, was sampled twice about 6 mo apart. The sampled habltats were bare intertidal mudflats, intertidal seagrass [Zostera sp. ) beds, subtidal seagrass (Posidonia spp.) beds, and unvegetated sedlments at 5 to 10 m depth. The Infauna consisted of 372 identifiable taxa, malnly polychaetes, molluscs and crustaceans. The number of taxa at each site and time showed no s~mple relationship with the concentrations of trace metals In sediments, habitat type or time of sampling. However, the patterns of distribution, analysed uslng frequencies of occurrence of taxa derlved from mult~variate classification and ordination techniques, were related to the sediment concentrations of As, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sb and Zn. The extremely high concentrations of these trace elements (probably mainly Pb and Zn) appeared to affect both the abundances and distribution of many infaunal species. The multivariate techniques could detect which species were affected in the most metal-polluted sites (the intertidal sites). However, in the less-polluted subtidal sites, patterns in species composition were detected but only a few individual species could be unambiguously correlated to the presence of the metals. The polluted intertidal sediments, which had some of the highest metal concentrations ever recorded in marine sediments (Pb up to 5270 pg g-' and Zn up to 16700 pg g-'), supported 42 taxa. The polychaetes Heteromastus filiformis, Capitella 'capitata' and Glycera americana, and the crustacean Tanais dulongii were very abundant in these sites; they apparently can selectively exploit the metalcontaminated conditions. C. 'capitata'and 7 dulongii were found almost exclusively in these sites. In contrast. 15 spccicb of polychaetes, 5 crustaceans and 4 molluscs found elsewhere in the study area. representing 26, 20, and 17"% of these intertidal taxa respectively, were not found in the metal-polluted sites. No tdxonomic select~vity in the effects of the metals was detected amongst the 3 major groupspolychaetes, molluscs dnd crustaceans. Future studies may, therefore, be able to sample indicator species from only one of these major groups to determine the spatial extent of ecological effects or to monitor metal effects in this area.
Doxorubicin and anti-VEGF siRNA co-delivery via nano-graphene oxide for enhanced cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo

Background Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted intensive interest in biological and medical fields in recent years due to its unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. In our previous work, we proved that GO could deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cells and downregulate the expression of the desired gene. Methods This study investigated the potential of a modified GO nanocarrier for co-delivery of siRNA and doxorubicin (DOX) for enhanced cancer therapy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, laser particle size analyzer, UV-visible spectroscopy, gel electrophoresis retardation, and in vitro release assay were studied. Results The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA was decreased 46.84%±3.72% (mean ± SD). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay indicated that the expression of VEGF protein was down-regulated to 52.86%±1.10% (mean ± SD) in vitro. In vivo tumor growth assay GO-poly-l-lysine hydrobromide/folic acid (GPF)/DOX/siRNA exhibited gene silencing and tumor inhibition (66.95%±2.35%, mean ± SD) compared with naked siRNA (1.62%±1.47%, mean ± SD) and DOX (33.63%±5.85%, mean ± SD). GPF/DOX/siRNA exhibited no testable cytotoxicity. Conclusion The results indicated that co-delivery of siRNA and DOX by GPF could be a promising application in tumor clinical therapy.
Ocean Acidification Impacts Understanding on Organismal to Ecological Scales

Andersson, A.J., D.I. Kline, P.J. Edmunds, S.D. Archer, N. Bednaršek, R.C. Carpenter, M. Chadsey, P. Goldstein, A.G. Grottoli, T.P. Hurst, A.L. King, J.E. Kübler, I.B. Kuffner, K.R. M. Mackey, B.A. Menge, A. Paytan, U. Riebesell, A. Schnetzer, M.E. Warner, and R.C. Zimmerman. 2015. Understanding ocean acidification impacts on organismal to ecological scales. Oceanography 28(2):16–27, http://dx.doi. org/10.5670/ oceanog.2015. 27.
Consumer Gasoline Prices: An Empirical Investigation: A Structural Vector Autoregression Model Indicates That Price Changes for Consumer Gasoline Have Been Driven by Changes in Supply Rather Than Changes in Demand

Jonathan Weinhagen is an economist in the Office of Prices and Living Conditions, Bureau of Labor Statistics. The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bureau of Labor Statistics or the Department of Labor. According to the BLS Consumer Expenditure Survey, the average consumer spent approximately $1,300 on gasoline and motor oil in 2000, an increase of 22.4 percent over the 1999 figure. Over the same period, the average price of gasoline increased 36.3 percent,1 indicating that price changes within the gasoline market can substantially affect consumers’ expenses. Conventional reasoning suggests that the high level of volatility for gasoline prices is the result of supply forces, as the price of crude petroleum changes rapidly due to production decisions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) nations. However, shifts in demand also can cause variations in gasoline prices. The purpose of this article is to examine the nature of price changes for consumer gasoline, using econometric techniques as well as historical evidence. The second section of the article analyzes the impact of crude-oil supply shocks on prices at various stages of gasoline production by visually examining those price changes for crude oil, producer gasoline, and consumer gasoline which occurred subsequent to interruptions in the supply of crude petroleum. The major supply shocks considered are the Yom Kippur War, the Iranian Revolution, the Iran-Iraq War, the Persian Gulf War, and a 1999 OPEC production cut. The article’s third section constructs a structural simultaneous-equations model of the market for consumer gasoline to determine the effects of changes in supply and demand on the price of gasoline. The model developed is a five-variable structural vector autoregression constructed from the Producer Price Indexes (PPI’s) for crude petroleum and gasoline, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for gasoline, the quantity of gasoline consumed domestically, and the industrial production index. The final section of the article presents its conclusion.
HeavyKeeper: An Accurate Algorithm for Finding Top- $k$ Elephant Flows

Finding top-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> elephant flows is a critical task in network traffic measurement, with many applications in congestion control, anomaly detection and traffic engineering. As the line rates keep increasing in today’s networks, designing accurate and fast algorithms for online identification of elephant flows becomes more and more challenging. The prior algorithms are seriously limited in achieving accuracy under the constraints of heavy traffic and small on-chip memory in use. We observe that the basic strategies adopted by these algorithms either require significant space overhead to measure the sizes of all flows or incur significant inaccuracy when deciding which flows to keep track of. In this paper, we adopt a new strategy, called <italic>count-with-exponential-decay</italic>, to achieve space-accuracy balance by actively removing small flows through decaying, while minimizing the impact on large flows, so as to achieve high precision in finding top-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> elephant flows. Moreover, the proposed algorithm called HeavyKeeper incurs small, constant processing overhead per packet and thus supports high line rates. Experimental results show that HeavyKeeper algorithm achieves 99.99% precision with a small memory size, and reduces the error by around 3 orders of magnitude on average compared to the state-of-the-art.
Efficacy of sodium bicarbonate buffered versus non-buffered lidocaine with epinephrine in inferior alveolar nerve block: A meta-analysis

Introduction This systematic review evaluated the use of buffered versus non-buffered lidocaine to increase the efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). Materials and Methods Randomized, double-blinded studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ProQuest were identified. Two of the authors assessed the studies for risk of bias. Outcomes included onset time, injection pain on a visual analog scale (VAS), percentage of painless injections, and anesthetic success rate of IANB. Results The search strategy yielded 19 references. Eleven could be included in meta-analyses. Risk of bias was unclear in ten and high in one study. Buffered lidocaine showed 48 seconds faster onset time (95% confidence interval [CI], −42.06 to −54.40; P < 0.001) and 5.0 units lower (on a scale 0–100) VAS injection pain (95% CI, −9.13 to −0.77; P=0.02) than non-buffered. No significant difference was found on percentage of people with painless injection (P = 0.059), nor success rate (P = 0.290). Conclusion Buffered lidocaine significantly decreased onset time and injection pain (VAS) compared with non-buffered lidocaine in IANB. However due to statistical heterogeneity and low sample size, quality of the evidence was low to moderate, additional studies with larger numbers of participants and low risk of bias are needed to confirm these results.