Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HEALTH OF GREEN BUILDING OCCUPANTS: BOTH INDOOR AND NEIGHBORHOOD ENVIRONMENTS MATTER CONTRACTS

Commonly adopted green building standards, such as LEED and BEAM PLUS, tend to focus on the sustainable performance of buildings. There is a lack of comprehensive consideration on the associations between building environment and health of occupants, let alone the impact of neighborhood environment on the occupants. This study thus aims to investigate the impact and interplay of indoor and neighborhood environment on health of green building occupants. To achieve this aim, two green buildings, which locate in contrasting neighborhood environment in Hong Kong, are selected for case study. Based on the data collected by post-occupancy evaluation (occupant health), indoor environment assessment (thermal comfort, indoor air quality, ventilation, visual comfort, and acoustic comfort) and neighborhood environment assessment (neighborhood building density, neighborhood building height, neighborhood green area, and neighborhood cleanliness) through questionnaire survey, the results reveal that the relationship between indoor environment and occupant health is significantly moderated by neighborhood building height. The results lay foundation on how the green building standards can be further developed to enhance occupant health by taking neighborhood environment into account.
Evaluation of genetic diversity in the Himalayan poplar using RAPD markers.

The current investigation reports the evaluation and identification of genetic diversity in P. ciliata using the RAPD assay. Eighteen random decamer primers were used to assess variation within twenty five different clones, representing various provenances from the Himalayan region. A total of 159 amplification products were obtained of which 111 were polymorphic while the remaining were monomorphic in nature. Informative primers producing high multiplex ratio were identified from the study. The potential utility of these primers for large scale screening of germplasm and designing conservation strategies in the species has been discussed. The JACCARD'S similarity coefficient and the UPGMA clustering method were employed to construct the phylogenetic tree. The dendrogram revealed a high level of variation between the clones which was found to lie in accordance to the diversity observed using morphological data. Two distinct clusters namely C1 and C2 were identified. The cluster C1 comprised of twenty three of the twenty five accessions and was thus designated to be the major cluster while C2 consisted of only two clones and was thus considered to be a minor cluster. The major cluster C1 was comprised of distinct sub-clusters which were found to be in concordance to their geographical distribution. Highest similarity within the major cluster was detected between the clones Katrain and Karain Bihal while the clone Lidder was found to be the most distinct. Bootstrap analysis and principal coordinate (PCO) analysis was performed which supported the pattern of clustering in the dendrogram. The clustering of the other clones in relation to their geographical location has been discussed.
Improving nitrogen use and yield with stay-green phenotypes in wheat

Wheat grain yield is strongly related to nitrogen (N) fertiliser input, a major cost factor and potential environmental pollutant. Much of the grain N requirement is met by N remobilisation from the canopy. Unfortunately, a consequence is canopy senescence and decreased photosynthetic capacity, reducing carbon available for grain-filling. One approach to achieve both higher N use efficiency and grain yield would be to extend the duration of photosynthesis using delayed leaf senescence “stay-green” phenotypes. Three stay-green and two fast-senescing EMS mutants of wheat (cv. Paragon) were characterised. A fast-senescing line, a stay-green line and the wild-type were grown to characterise the interaction between senescence and N availability. Stay-green line SG3 was able to allocate similar proportions of N to the grain under N-limiting and N-sufficient conditions. The accelerated senescence of line FS2 reduced grain yield and N allocation to the grain. Candidate regulatory genes of leaf senescence genes were characterised by correlating their expression with leaf senescence by screening wheat genotypes with varied senescence characteristics in the field. Among the genes were members of the WRKY and NAC transcription factor families that have been related to senescence. Overexpression of the NAC gene resulted in a stay-green phenotype and increased grain N concentrations, but had no effects on shoot biomass or grain yield. Expression of a WRKY-RNAi construct did not reduce WRKY mRNA levels, but led to accelerated leaf senescence and increases in plant height, the number of fertile tillers and grain yield. These results show that the relationships between senescence, nitrogen remobilisation and grain yield are complex and not easily manipulated. The phenotypes and genes identified could contribute to wheat improvement.
Youth and the Disruption of Power: Student-Run Conversation Workshops in a Mexican Self-Access Centre

Within self-access learning there has been a gradual shift towards incorporating approaches to learning involving strong elements of peer interaction. In the USBI Xalapa self-access learning centre (SALC) that is part of the Universidad Veracruzana in Veracruz, Mexico, work placement students (WPS) have begun to run daily conversation workshops with students from the centre. By drawing on the works of Acuña González, Avila Pardo, & Holmes Lewendon (2015), Murray (2014), and Hughes, Krug, & Vye (2011) relating to peer-supported learning in self-access environments, a small research project was developed to understand the effectiveness of the student-run workshops. This involved conducting interviews with WPS and English students who attended the workshops. By comparing and contrasting the responses, a rich, heterogeneous set of data was uncovered which provides insight into peer-centred learning. The findings suggest the need incorporate peer-based learning to break down hierarchical relationships in which power divisions construct a traditionalist learning environment governed by fear of making errors. Also, the role of WPS needs to be reconsidered to allow them to take a more active role in the institution due to their positive relationships with learners. Beyond these aspects, it can be seen that a deeper understanding of the role of peer interaction in learning environments is essential in self-access centres.
Ergot Alkaloids: Chemistry, Biological Effects, Biotechnology

1. Microbial technology. 2. Ergot alkaloids. Historical background. Chemistry. Sources and production. Isolation. Recovery. Biological activities and therapeutic applications. 3. Biology of claviceps. Parasitic cultures. Saprophytic cultures. 4. Alkaloid biosynthesis. Precursors. Pathway intermediates. Locale of biosynthesis and storage. Catabolism and degradation of alkaloids. 5. Physiology of formation. Genetic aspects. Biocatalysis. Thermodynamics. Cell differentiation. Related metabolism. Role of alkaloids in the life system of Claviceps. 6. Regulation. Channelling and compartmentation. Cultivation design. Physiological manipulation. Mutation. Genetic engineering. Cell-free biosynthesis. Semi-continuous fermentation. Biotransformation. Mixed Cultures. Chaos. 7. Industrial Aspects. Ergot strains. Scaling up. Processing and cost engineering. Patent sytems. Research and innovation management. 8. Future prospects. 9. Conclusions. References. Subject index. Author index
Effects of Dietary Soybean Trypsin Inhibitors on Detection of Resistance to Pyrethroid and Spinosad Insecticides in Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

During the last 50 years, worldwide use of synthetic insecticides to control insect pests has led to both insecticide resistance and environmental problems (Roush and Tabashnik, 1990). Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) is arguably Australia’s most important agricultural pest and insecticide resistance remains an enduring threat. Throughout its history, Australian H. armigera has been shown to evolve a range of mechanisms to confer resistance to insecticides (Gunning et al., 1991; Gunning et al., 1996a; Gunning et al. 1996b). Therefore it is vital that any resistance monitoring programme must not only be able to detect resistance at low frequencies but also be able to detect resistance resulting from any number of potential mechanisms. Pyrethroid and spinosad resistance in Australia are known to be caused by sequestration and or hydrolysis of non-specific esterases (Gunning et al., 1996b; Gunning et al., 2007; Gunning & Balfe 2002). Soybean based diets are common artificial diets for Heliothine species. To avoid chronic exposure to artificially high levels of protease inhibitors in artificial insect diets, it is usual to heat-treat legume components to denature the inhibitors (Shorey & Hale, 1965; Teakle and Jensen, 1985). However, not all laboratories follow this regime, and while some laboratories heat-treat legume components of diets, other laboratories involved in Heliothine rearing, use or have used, raw soybean flour. There are also a variety of procedures used to heat treat soybean trypsin inhibitors in artificial diet preparation, which may result in varying degrees of protease inhibitor degradation. Leguminous seeds, such as those from soybean, are protected against herbivores, including insects, by anti-nutritional defence proteinstrypsin inhibitors, which are found in the seeds and raw flour made from the seeds. Levels of these plant protease inhibitors are high in legume seeds, comprising 1-5% of total protein (Macintosh et al., 1990; Sastry et al., 1987) Trypsin inhibitors of the Kunitz type (Kunnitz, 1945a; Kunnitz, 1945b) are single chain polypeptides (~ 20 kDa) that act on target serine proteases in the gut forming a 1:1 complex. Perhaps the best known of these inhibitors is Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor (KSTI).
Feature-Level Domain Adaptation

Domain adaptation is the supervised learning setting in which the training and test data are sampled from different distributions: training data is sampled from a source domain, whilst test data is sampled from a target domain. This paper proposes and studies an approach, called feature-level domain adaptation (FLDA), that models the dependence between the two domains by means of a feature-level transfer model that is trained to describe the transfer from source to target domain. Subsequently, we train a domain-adapted classifier by minimizing the expected loss under the resulting transfer model. For linear classifiers and a large family of loss functions and transfer models, this expected loss can be computed or approximated analytically, and minimized efficiently. Our empirical evaluation of FLDA focuses on problems comprising binary and count data in which the transfer can be naturally modeled via a dropout distribution, which allows the classifier to adapt to differences in the marginal probability of features in the source and the target domain. Our experiments on several real-world problems show that FLDA performs on par with state-of-the-art domain-adaptation techniques.
Biological Control of Soft Rot of Chinese Cabbage

本病は土壌病害で病原菌は土壌に長期的に腐生的に生存 できる土壌生息型病原菌に属す る7,8). しかし, その密度は 低 く通常の方法では検出できない. ところが過去に作物の 栽培歴のない森林の土壌9), 原野開墾地10), 砂丘の砂11)でも ハクサイ軟腐病が発生す ることか ら, 本菌は耕地, 未耕地 を問わず広 く103cfu/g以 下の レベルで栄養細胞の まま休 止状態(Starvation survival)12)で生存 していると推察 され ている. しか し, ハ クサイや ある種の雑草の根圏では根か らの分泌物を利用 して特異的に増殖する13). ハ クサイの場 合, 播種後約50日 に根圏土壌や中肋基部 と接触 している土 壌(以 下葉圏土壌 とする)で 特異的に106~107cfu/gの レベ ルに増殖する. この増殖には根圏における拮抗細菌の減少 も関連していると推察されている14). 本病の発生はハ クサ イの生育期 と密接に関係 してお り, 通常結球期以降土壌 と 接触 している中肋基部か ら発生する13,15,16). 現在栽培 されて いるハ クサイは外葉基部が土壌 と接触 している砲弾型の も のが多 く, その基部には普通擦傷や昆虫の喰痕が形成され ている. ハクサイでは軟腐病の発生 と根圏や葉圏での病原 菌の増殖がほぼ同時期におこることか ら, この増殖 した病 原菌が感染源 とな り中肋基部 の傷 口か ら侵 入 し, 感染す る16)ものと理解 されている. 一方, 本菌はハ クサイ茎葉上で も腐生的に生存 してお
Reliability of the Location of Primary Motor Cortex Using the International 10/20 Electroencephalogram System (10/20 EEG)

In stroke recovery, the activation of the primary motor cortex (M1) is critical for motor learning and has been found to be augmented by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) recovery [1,2]. One form of interventional NIBS is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which involves the guided placement of electrodes on the scalp. Two methods to guide the somatotopic localization of the M1 area are 1) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and 2) the 10/20 International Electroencephalogram Coordinate System (10/20 EEG) [3]. The TMS M1 location, termed the motor hotspot, is derived by eliciting a motor evoked potential in a muscle corresponding to the area stimulated (e.g. the first dorsal interosseous muscle can be monitored when stimulating the hand knob of M1). In contrast, the 10/20 EEG identifies the location of M1 for the placement of scalp electrodes derived from four key individual anatomical landmarks with the nasion (lowest depression between the forehead and nose), in (lowest point of the skull from the back of the head) and the preauricular points of the right and left ears. EEG electrodes can record temporal brain activity in the form of event-related potentials (ERPs). The ERP represents a summation of neuronal activity and the location of the brain activity is inferred based on the type of task or stimuli (e.g. a motor task may infer activity in the M1 area). The coordinates for M1 include C3 (left hemisphere) and C4 (right hemisphere) areas regardless the possible cortical re-organization of M1 following a stroke.
Some new and known species of genera Tripylina Brzeski and Trischistoma Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda) with a Discussion on their Relationships

The paper deals with description of three new and two known species of TripylidaeO¨ rley, 1880. Two new and a known species of the genus Tripylina Brzeski, 1963 while one new and one known species of Trischistoma are described. Tripylina ymyensis n. sp. is characterised by robust body; long, slender outer labial setae; stoma with thick cuticularised wall bearing a prominent dorsal tooth and two equal-sized posteriorly-placed subventral teeth; large ovoid coelomocytes with conspicuous, globular inclusions; simple vagina without cuticularised pieces and a long, curved tail with aU- or S-shaped turn, uniformly tapering into a narrow terminus. Tripylina valiathani n. sp. is characterised by moderately large body; plump, leaf-shaped outer labial setae; stoma with thick cuticularised dorsal wall bearing a prominent dorsal tooth and two small anteriorly-placed subventral denticles; large fusiform coelomocytes with tapering ends having fine granular inclusions; cuticularised vagina, a distinct prerectum and a stumpy, laterally curved tail with a blunt terminus. T. stramenti (Yeates, 1972) Tsalolikhin, 1983 has been reported for the first time from India. Trischistoma minor n. sp. is characterised by medium-sized body; with dense crystalloids and granular aggregates; low, flattened lip region; plump outer labial setae; slenderer post-labial cephalic setae lying closely posterior to outer labials; a post-uterine sac of one body diameter and a dorsally curved tail with ventral terminal turn. T. pellucidum Cobb, 1913 forms the first report from India. The relationships of Tripylina and Trischistoma have been discussed.
Monthly SNAP benefit duration and its association with food security, hunger-coping, and physiological hunger symptoms among low-income families

Recommended Citation Calloway, Eric E. ; Fricke, Hollyanne E. ; Pinard, Courtney A. ; Smith, Teresa M. ; and Yaroch, Amy L. (2015) "Monthly SNAP benefit duration and its association with food security, hunger-coping, and physiological hunger symptoms among low-income families," Journal of Applied Research on Children: Informing Policy for Children at Risk: Vol. 6 : Iss. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.library. tmc.edu/childrenatrisk/vol6/iss2/5
Sexual Dimorphism in Yellow-Spotted Salamander, Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus (Urodela: Hynobiidae)

Sexual dimorphism is a widespread phenomenon throughout animal kingdom, and is a key topic of evolutionary biology. Here we examined the sexual dimorphism of morphometric characters in a species endemic to China, Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus , based on preserved specimens. The body size of females was larger than males, but the results of one-way ANOVA showed that there is no sexual size dimorphism presented in P. flavomaculatus . There is only one sexual dimorphism presented in body shape (space between axilla and groin, females larger than males), this may relate to fecundity and sexual selection. Our study represents one of the few reported examples of sexual dimorphism in Asian salamanders.
How successful is targeted SNP discovery

There is an increasing requirement to use SNP markers to fine map QTL in chicken populations. We have implemented a pipeline (SNPfinder) to design primers to targeted areas from the chicken genome, using Beijing SNPs as references, and directly sequence founder animals of an advanced intercross line to discover fully informative markers. Over a third (34%) of the SNPs observed by sequencing were also present in the ENSEMBL database which supports the usefulness of using the SNP database as a targeting tool but, clearly, resequencing of the target animals gives a greater choice of SNPs to design assays since around 2/3rds of SNPs observed were novel.
Effects of temperature during different stages of development on growth and digestibility of forage maize (Zea mays L.)

Resultaten van kasproeven bij een temperatuursregime van 18 graden Celsius overdag en 12 graden Celsius 's nachts werden vergeleken met die bij een temperatuursregime van 30 graden Celsius overdag en 24 graden Celsius 's nachts. De volgende ontwikkelingsstadia werden onderscheiden: vanaf zaaien tot 8-bladstadium; vanaf 8-bladstadium tot de korrelzetting; het stadium van korrelzetting
EVALUATION APPROACH WITH BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS : CASE STUDY HOLY SLIME

Holy Slime is a multipurpose cleaner that has a delicious aroma and a wide range of attractive colors. Holy Slime included in start-up businesses, this can be seen from the old establishment of the company less than two years. As a growing business, holyslime must continue to improve its business model. Repair the business model is to do with the evaluation of the business model of canvas through SWOT analysis. Holyslime canvas business models in the evaluation of the SWOT analysis through scorring each block bmc. The results of the SWOT analysis will be recommendations for the business model of holyslime. This study Aimed to evaluate the business models using Business Model Holy slime canvas and provide recommendations to the holyslime business model in the future. This research is a descriptive qualitative study using interview techniques, observation, filling the questionnaire and to Holy slime business and owners. Credibility of the data is tested using reference materials. Reference material used in this study is in the form of interviews, questionnaires, photographs sale, reviews their observations to the place of production and operations. Implication of the new BMC evaluated by SWOT that holyslime, start-up businesses are still able to expand its business by expanding customer segment, to cooperate with the distributor companies or electronic gadgets. Income not only by selling products through online but can be managed in association with other products for bundling and through the
Caracterização química e estrutural de exopolissacarídeos e lipopolissacarídeos produzidos por bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas

xx 1. INTRODUÇÃO . 2 1.1 FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO (FBN) . 2 1.1.1 Diazotrofos Associativos . 4 1.1.1.1 Gênero Burkholderia . 5 1.1.1.2 Gênero Herbaspirillum . 7 1.2 EXOPOLISSACARÍDEOS . 8 1.2.1 Exopolissacarídeos Bacterianos . 9 1.2.2 Envolvimento dos EPS na Interação Planta-Bactéria . 12 1.3 PAREDE CELULAR BACTERIANA . 19 1.3.1 Lipopolissacarídeos . 22 1.3.2 Estrutura de LPS em Diazotrofos . 26 1.3. 3 Envolvimento dos LPS na Interação Planta-Bactéria . 31 2. OBJETIVOS . 34 2.1 OBJETIVOS GERAIS . 34 2.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS . 34 3. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS . 36 3.1 MATERIAL BIOLÓGICO . 36 3.1.1 Construção das Estirpes Mutantes . 37 3.2 CULTIVO DAS CÉLULAS BACTERIANAS . 37 3.2.1 Meios de Cultura . 37 3.2.2 Condições de Crescimento . 38
You Have Atomic Bombs, We Have the Martyrdom-Seekers: Ayman Al-Zawahiri’s Narrative Arc of the Martyr

Martyrdom has an undeniable rhetorical dimension, and part of a martyr’s voice is the manner of his or her death. However, martyrdom does not stand alone. It is contextualized and constructed by the voice of ideologues. This project looks at the spoken and written rhetoric of Ayman Al-Zawahiri, leader of al-Qaeda, and seeks to understand his descriptions, attributions, and stories about martyrs and martyrdom. An analysis of 93 statements by Zawahiri was performed to identify his overarching martyr narrative and archetype. Major findings include a taxonomy of martyr attributes and a narrative trajectory of martyrdom. While pro-USA rhetoric constructs al-Qaeda’s martyrs as radical terrorists, Zawahiri tells a tale of stalwart, pious, and simple men.
Studies on Plant-aphid Interactions: a Novel Role for Trehalose Metabolism in Arabidopsis Defense Against Green Peach Aphid

Myzus persicae (Sulzer), commonly known as the green peach aphid (GPA), is a polyphagous insect that can infest over 100 families of economically important plants and is major pest for vegetable crops. This study utilizes the Arabidopsis-GPA model system with the aim to elucidate the role of the plant disaccharide trehalose in providing defense against GPA. This study demonstrates a novel role for TPS11 in providing defense against GPA. TPS11 expression was found to be transiently induced in Arabidopsis plants in response to GPA infestation and the TPS11 gene was required for curtailing GPA infestation. TPS11, which encodes for trehalose phosphate synthase and phosphatase activities, contributes to the transient increase in trehalose in the GPA infested tissues. This work suggests that TPS11-dependent trehalose has a signaling function in plant defense against GPA. in addition, trehalose also has a more direct role in curtailing GPA infestation on Arabidopsis. This work also shows that TPS11 is able to modulate both carbohydrate metabolism and plant defenses in response to GPA infestation. the expression of PAD4, an Arabidopsis gene required for phloem-based defenses against GPA, was found to be delayed in GPA infested tps11 mutant plants along with increased sucrose levels and lower starch levels as compared to the GPA infested wild type plants. This work provides clear evidence that starch metabolism in Arabidopsis is altered in response to GPA feeding and that TPS11-modulated increase in starch contributes to the curtailment of GPA infestation in Arabidopsis.