Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The on-ground data reduction and calibration pipeline for SO/PHI-HRT

The ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter space mission has been successfully launched in February 2020. Onboard is the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (SO/PHI), which has two telescopes, a High Resolution Telescope (HRT) and the Full Disc Telescope (FDT). The instrument is designed to infer the photospheric magnetic field and line-of-sight velocity through differential imaging of the polarised light emitted by the Sun. It calculates the full Stokes vector at 6 wavelength positions at the Fe I 617.3nm absorption line. Due to telemetry constraints, the instrument nominally processes these Stokes profiles onboard, however when telemetry is available, the raw images are downlinked and reduced on ground. Here the architecture of the on-ground pipeline for HRT is presented, which also offers additional corrections not currently available on board the instrument. The pipeline can reduce raw images to the full Stokes vector with a polarimetric sensitivity of 10−3 · Ic or better.
Treadmill training effects on walking acquisition and motor development in infants at risk of developmental delay

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of motorized treadmill intervention on independent walking acquisition and other motor milestones in infants at risk of developmental delay. METHODS: Experimental study with 15 infants, observed since the 5th month of age: five infants at risk of developmental delay submitted to both physiotherapy sessions and intervention in motorized treadmill (Experimental Group); five infants at risk of developmental delay submitted to physiotherapy sessions only (Risk Control Group); and five infants without risks of developmental delay (Typical Control Group). Physiotherapy sessions occurred twice a week, followed by motorized treadmill intervention for the Experimental Group. Motorized treadmill intervention began when infants acquired cephalic control and was interrupted by independent walking or at 14 months post-conceptual age. All babies were monthly assessed with Alberta Infant Motor Scale and the Experimental Group was filmed during the exercise on the motorized treadmill. Comparisons among groups and months were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariance (MANOVA). RESULTS: Experimental Group infants acquired independent walking at 12.8 months and the Risk Control Group infants at 13.8 months of corrected age, which was delayed compared to the Typical Control Group (1.1 months; p<0.05). Experimental Group of infants showed alternated walking steps on the treadmill, which increased during the intervention period (p<0,05). They also improved their global motor development compared to Risk Control Group of infants. CONCLUSIONS: Motorized treadmill intervention facilitates independent walking acquisition and improves global motor development of infants at risk of developmental delay.
Induction Motor Broken Rotor Bar Detection Based on Rotor Flux Angle Monitoring

This paper presents a method for the detection of broken rotor bars in an induction motor. After introducing a simplified dynamic model of an induction motor with broken cage bars in a rotor field reference frame which allows for observation of its internal states, a fault detection algorithm is proposed. Two different motor estimation models are used, and the difference between their rotor flux angles is extracted. A particular frequency component in this signal appears only in the case of broken rotor bars. Consequently, the proposed algorithm is robust enough to load oscillations and/or machine temperature change, and also indicates the fault severity. The method has been verified at different operating points by simulations as well as experimentally. The fault detection is reliable even in cases where traditional methods give ambiguous verdicts.
Authenticity work and brand custodians: Leveraging interobjective representations in digital advertising contexts

Purpose - Our aim is to explore how managers as custodians of digital brands draw upon and are invited to leverage interobjective representations in digital advertising contexts with multiple market actors. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach of three digital branding advertisements is undertaken. Findings - The findings reveal how digital brand authenticity work operates through three main forms of interobjective representations: i) safeguarding, ii) sense discovery, and iii) enlighten creation. Practical implications - Findings provide insights into how digital interaction contexts yield efforts by managers to ‘detect and focus’ on reading the signs of authenticity and developing digitized authenticity that supports dynamic content creation. Social implications - This paper reveals how a wide array of market actors contributes to digitized authenticity and how managers as custodians can leverage the inherent social nature of crowds in digital ecosystems. Originality/value – This study underlines the importance of problematizing novel IT based managerial practices that reveal the necessity to understand and act upon the human and preservation aspects of digitized brands.
DETERMINING FACTORS OF GAME PERFORMANCE IN THE 2001 WORLD WATER POLO CHAMPIONSHIPS

The purposes of the present study were to clarify how water polo is played at an international level and to investigate the relationship between game performance and skill components of world-class water polo players. The 9th FINA World Swimming Championships of Water Polo for men and women 2001 was chosen for analysis. In total, there were 60 matches for men, and 48 matches for women, each match produced data for two teams and thus provided the potential for the analysis of 216 team performances. An original database program designed specifically for water polo match analysis was developed and data were input immediately whenever an event happened during a match. In order to obtain an overall picture of game performance for our study, we selected 21 items for offense and 11 items for defense. Principal component analysis and varimax rotation were used to determine the factorial structure of the game performance. Ten common factors were extracted, which accounted for 83% of the total variance in the 32 variables. The results of present study indicated two key areas that determine the outcome of a game. First, the ability to counterattack impacts on winning or losing. Top-ranked teams more often than not convert their chances to score when up an extraman. Low-ranked teams often fail to score when playing with superior numbers. Second, the ability to defend when down a player impacts substantially on the outcome. The better teams are more successful in producing a blocked or saved shot.
Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Blood Fat Metabolites of Broilers Fed Oil Supplemented Diets

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of olive oil sediment (OOS) with soybean oil soap stock (SOY) traditionally used in poultry rations, on broilers growth performance, dressing proportions, carcass cut, blood lipid metabolites and meat quality (i.e. water holding capacity, WHC; colony forming unit, CFU). A total of 416 day-old Cobb-500 chicks were used in this experiment. Birds were divided into 2 experimental treatments of 208 birds in each. Each treatment was composed of 8 replicates with 26 birds in each. Oil supplements were added (day 22) to the finishing diets at a level of 30 g/kg diet. Chicks fed the OOS had a better (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to those of the SOY fed birds. Similar effect of OSS on the dressing proportions was observed. Carcasses of broilers fed the OOS had higher (p < 0.05) WHC compared to that of SOY fed broilers. The OOS resulted in more than 100 % improvement in WHC compared to the traditionally used SOY. Carcasses of SOY fed broilers had more (p < 0.05) CFU count compared to that of birds fed OOS diets. Levels of all tested blood metabolites at day 28 and 35 compared to the baseline levels (day 21), prior to oil supplementation, were significantly affected by the type of oil. doi: 10.14456/WJST.2016. 9
A Practical and Adaptive Method to Achieve EMG-Based Torque Estimation for a Robotic Exoskeleton

To improve the efficacy of robotic exoskeleton-based rehabilitation training, active joint torque of subjects should be detected. This paper presents a practical and adaptive method to estimate active joint torque using electromyography (EMG) signals for a custom lower limb robotic exoskeleton with two degrees of freedom (DOFs). This estimator, constructed of radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs), was used to form an extended Slotine-Li controller. This extended controller eliminated the need for the calibration for EMG-torque model. The adaptive control of exoskeleton and adaptive estimation of active joint torque were performed within the same framework. By introducing a two-step learning strategy into the controller, the estimator can continuously adapt to changes in the EMG-torque model, and overcome the problems due to the time-varying property of EMG signals. Simulation and experimental results show that the presented estimator can predict the active joint torque of subjects in a practical and adaptive manner. Additionally, the accurate movement control of exoskeleton is also guaranteed. At present, the experiments are conducted only for the swing phase due to the lack of the force plate sensors.
Towards Virtual Reality Immersion in Software Structures: Exploring Augmented Virtuality and Speech Recognition Interfaces

- Due to its abstract nature, program code structures have been inherently challenging to visualize. As virtual reality (VR) hardware products become common, their utilization for providing insights into these software structures become feasible. However, for certain user programmer-centric interaction scenarios, typical VR interfaces (controller held in each hand) can be awkward. This paper describes our VR and mixed reality (MR) fly-through software structure approach for visualizing internal program code structures and investigates additional interfaces to augment the virtuality. MR use of any keyboard and mouse are supported for programming tasks. To interface with a virtual tablet menu that is used as an oracle, a real tablet is used as a touchpad for the VR tablet. Voice control of the tablet menu was also implemented and investigated in comparison to the other interfaces. The paper evaluates the various VR and MR interfaces for their suitability for selected software development and computer science educational tasks. The evaluation results provide insight into which interfaces were more efficient and preferred by subjects.
Structural and metabolic differentiation between bipolar disorder with psychosis and substance-induced psychosis: An integrated MRI/PET study European Psychiatry

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) may be characterized by the presence of psychotic symptoms and comorbid substance abuse. In this context, structural and metabolic dysfunctions have been reported in both BD with psychosis and addiction, separately. In this study, we aimed at identifying neural substrates differentiating psychotic BD, with or without substance abuse, versus substance-induced psychosis (SIP) by coupling, for the ﬁrst time, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Methods: Twenty-seven BD type I psychotic patients with ( n = 10) or without ( n = 17) substance abuse, 16 SIP patients and 54 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. 3T MRI and 18-FDG-PET scanning were acquired. Results: Gray matter (GM) volume and cerebral metabolism reductions in temporal cortices were observed in all patients compared to healthy controls. Moreover, a distinct pattern of fronto-limbic alterations were found in patients with substance abuse. Speciﬁcally, BD patients with substance abuse showed volume reductions in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, insula and thalamus, whereas SIP patients in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate. Common alterations in cerebellum and parahippocampus were found in both BD with substance abuse and SIP. Finally, a unique pattern of GM volumes reduction, with concomitant increased of striatal metabolism, were observed in SIP patients. Conclusions: These ﬁndings contribute to shed light on the identiﬁcation of common and distinct neural markers associated with bipolar psychosis and substance abuse. Future longitudinal studies should explore the effect of single substances of abuse in patients at the ﬁrst-episode of BD and substance-induced psychosis.
User Acceptance of E-Governance: An Indian Perspective

— Development of a nation can be measured by the steps it has taken to promote the applications of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). E-government initiatives by the government are trying to integrate the applications of ICT to deliver cost effective services to the stake holders in a transparent and efficient manner. The mode of governance is rapidly changing in India due to the revolutionary nature of ICT. This paper analyse the influence of demographic variables specifically gender, region, age and past internet experience on intention to use e-governance. The result reveals that urban respondents show more intention to use e-government services than rural, but Gender has no significant influence. Also respondents having more internet experience show significant influence on intention to use e-government services. It is further found that a greater number or individuals are willing to change over with the enhancement of service quality with high speed un interrupted services .
Partially Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide-Based Microwave Technique for Broadband Dielectric Characterization

A novel partially filled substrate integrated waveguide (PFSIW)-based generalized microwave technique for broadband characterization of dielectric materials is presented. The proposed technique is based on the newly derived closed-form analytical formulation to extract the complex permittivity of test specimens placed in the PFSIW structure. The analytical formulations are further improved by developing an empirical model, which especially helps in extracting the loss tangent of the low-loss test specimen in the specified frequency band. The PFSIW structure along with appropriate planar microstrip transition section operating in the X-band region is designed using the full-wave electromagnetic solver, the CST-MWS. The designed substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure is fabricated on the commercially available FR-4 substrate, and accordingly, the S-parameters are measured under the unloaded condition which is in close agreement with the corresponding simulated data. Finally, a robust calibration methodology for the PFSIW structure is proposed by designing and fabricating a set of SIW calibration standards, which basically helps to translate the measured S-parameters to the sample interface by removing the effect of microstrip feed section. A number of standard planar RF substrates and dielectric specimens are measured using the designed PFSIW structure, and a close agreement between the extracted permittivity of these samples with their reference values shows the applicability of the proposed SIW technique.
The Flavin Content of Clovers Relative to Symbiosis with a Riboflavin-requiring Mutant of Rhizobium trifolii1

A riboflavin-requiring auxotroph of Rhizobiuml trifolii (TI/ D-hisr_15) formed ineffective root nodules on red clover and on two cultivars of subterranean clover, but produced almost fully effective nodules on several other cultivars of subterranean clover. Fluorescence and bioassay measurements of the flavin content of the roots and shoots of these cultivars re-vealed no differences between cultivars which could be cor- related with the differences in symbiotic response. The concentration of flavin in nodules formed by the auxotroph (in the absence of riboflavin), by the effective parent strain (Ti), or by a partly effective mutant (penicillin-resistant) of Ti was roughly proportional to the effectiveness of the nodules. Effective nodules contained 20 times as much flavin, and ineffective nodules 3 to 4 times as much flavin as non-nodulated root tissue. Approximately 20 to 30% of the flavins in both root and nodule tissue was flavin adenine dinucleotide and 70 to 80% was riboflavin + flavin mononucleotide. Most of the flavin adenine dinucleotide in macerated nodules was associated with host cell fragments, and none was detected in a cell-free fraction. Bacteroids accounted for approximately 20 % of the flavins in effective nodules and also contained more riboflavin + flavin mononucleotide than cultured rhizobial cells. The total flavin content of noninoculated roots increased from
Generalized Convex Alternative Theorems and Cone Constrained Optimization

This thesis studies nonlinear alternative theorems and their applications to cone constrained optimization problems. We examine alternative theorems involving generalized cone convex functions. The different approaches in proving an alternative theorem and the relationships with other fundamental results in optimization and mathematical programming are studied. We also study the role of alternative theorems in the derivation of necessary optimality conditions and in the development of the duality theory. A new class of quasiconvex mappings, called *-quasiconvex, is defined and studied for which an alternative theorem is proved using a minimax theorem. This alternative theorem is applied to study cone constrained optimization problems involving *-quasiconvex mappings. Thus, we develop generalized Lagrangian optimality and duality results and therefore extend the fundamental Lagrangian results for convex programming problems to a new class of quasiconvex problems. Moreover, we also obtain necessary optimality conditions for a class of nondifferentiable programs using upper approximations. Recently, Jeyakumar and Gwinner [30] established new versions of alternative theorems involving nonconvex inequality systems which use a new local closedness condition. From these theorems, approximate Lagrange multiplier results, zero duality gap property and certain stability results were derived. Here, we examine these versions of alternative theorems for generalized cone convex systems and apply the theorems to study the results that follow from these alternative theorems for cone constrained optimization problems. We study the relationship between the stability of the primal problem and the zero duality gap property and the characterization of the t-saddlepoints using t-subdifferentials of the value function of the primal problem at the point of no perturbation. Finally, we examine a stable alternative theorem which also gives a sufficient condition for the local closedness assumption.
Learning Method by Sharing Activity Histories in Multiagent Environment

— Applications of multiagent systems are expected for parallel and distributed processing. Reinforcement learning is used as an implementation method for learning the actions of the agent. However, when systems must control many agents, the speed of learning becomes slower. Hence, Modular Q-Learning is proposed to solve this problem. Given that it deals with partial states, the number of states is reduced to avoid exponential increases. However, if 𝑛𝑛 agents exist, they need 𝑛𝑛 ( 𝑛𝑛 −1) learning tables, and therefore require a lot of memory. To solve the problem, Centralized Modular Q-Learning is proposed. In this method, the agent has only one learning table. Given that agents do not distinguish other agents, the number of learning tables is reduced. This study improves these methods and proposes a new reinforcement learning method that can learn quickly by using the past actions of its own and other agents. The proposed method can learn good actions in fewer trials. However, if agents continuously learn, the learning efficiency will deteriorate. The method reduces the effects of the actions of other agents in the late stage of learning. Therefore, agents are able to learn suitable actions. In experiments, agents are able to find a good strategy in a small number of trials than the conventional methods. In addition, agents learn actions in hunter games in various environments. The results show that the proposed method is an efficient reinforcement learning method.
of the patients The assessment of the patients disability degree using the EDSS scale in various forms of multiple sclerosis

Purpose. The aim of the study is to assess the patients disability degree using the Extended Scale of Disability in various forms of multiple sclerosis. Material and Methods . The study was conducted on a group of 40 people suffering from multiple sclerosis, diagnosed and treated in the Neurology Clinic of the 10th Military Clinical Hospital in Bydgoszcz. In order to assess the patients disability degree, the Extended Disability Management Scale was used. The other information needed for statistical analysis was obtained from the clinical observation chart established for each patient. Results . The disability degree of patients with multiple sclerosis is determined by many variables. The Expanded Disability Rating Scale is a good tool to assess the degree of disability of patients with multiple sclerosis. Conclusion. 1. In the group of people with relapsing remitting MS, the average value of the degree of disability in the Expanded Disability Scale was the smallest. 2. The childbirth during the course of multiple sclerosis causes exacerbation of clinical symptoms immediately after the childbirth. 3. Optic neuritis as the initial symptom of multiple sclerosis predisposes to a milder course of the disease. 4. Symptoms of the first relapse of multiple sclerosis that support faster progression of disability are: lower limb paresis, sphincter dysfunction and balance disorders. 5. Multifocal symptomatology of the first relapse of multiple sclerosis speaks for faster progression of disability in relation to patients with the first relapse characterized only by one symptom.
University of Birmingham Analysis of in vitro demineralised human enamel using multi-scale correlative optical and scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution synchrotron wide-angle X-ray scattering

Enamel caries is a highly prevalent worldwide disease that involves the demineralisation of the outer tooth structure. In this study, we report the analysis of artificially demineralised human enamel sections (‘slices’) etched using lactic acid (2% v/v) in comparison with healthy enamel using correlative techniques of optical and electron microscopy, as well as scanning diffraction. Demineralisation of the enamel was characterised at the micron to sub-micron scale. The structure of the healthy enamel was investigated using Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) and compared with an etched sample to reveal their structural differences. Additional chemical analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was performed and a decrease in the Ca/P atomic % ratio was found in etched samples in comparison with healthy enamel, suggesting greater loss of calcium compared with phosphorus. Synchrotron wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) was performed on the samples to reveal the differences in the diffraction patterns before and after etching in terms of lattice structure and preferred orientation (texture). Texture maps were extracted from diffraction analysis at 500 nm spatial resolution. These maps were correlated with the dimension of the enamel structure. The multi-scale correlative approach provided insights into the demineralisation-induced enamel structure alteration at a resolution approaching