Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Internet of things‐based deeply proficient monitoring and protection system for crop field

The production rate of crops is significantly declining due to natural disasters, animal interventions and plant diseases. Internet of things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks are widely applied in crop field monitoring systems to observe the quality of each plant and the field. This work proposes IoT based crop field protection system (ICFPS) that monitors and protects the crop fields from animal intrusions. This proposed system uses ultrasonic sensors, hyperspectral cameras, voice recorded buzzers and other agriculture sensors to protect the entire crop field. This system uses numerous sensor nodes and cameras for gathering field objects (images and environmental objects). The proposed ICFPS creates deep learning techniques such as recurrent convolutional neural networks (RCNN) and recurrent generative adversarial neural networks (RGAN) for feature extraction, disease detection and field data monitoring practices. This proposed work develops a smart city‐based agriculture system using cognitive learning approaches. This proposed system analyses crop field data and provide automatic alerts regarding animal interferences and crop diseases. Moreover, the cognitive smart crop field system observes various field conditions which support for good production rate. In this system, sensors and camera‐enabled agriculture drones are coordinated with each other to collect the field data regularly. At the same time, the proposed work trains the RCNN and RGAN units using effective crop field datasets to attain realistic decisions within minimal time intervals. The experiment details and results show the proposed ICFPS works with 8%–10% of more classification accuracy than existing systems.
Circularly polarized antenna for WLAN and WiMAX applications

A new circularly polarized CPW antenna is presented. Total size of the antenna is 60 × 60 × 0.8 mm3 which is fabricated on a low cost FR4 substrate. The measured bandwidth of the proposed antenna is from 2 up to 6.68 GHz for VSWR < 2, and also the measured axial‐ratio (AR) bandwidth is almost 4.1 GHz from 2.34 up to 6.44 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012.
Numerical prediction of the unsteady flow and radiated noise from a 3D lifting airfoil

The numerical prediction of the aerodynamic noise radiated by an isolated airfoil is performed using a Computational AeroAcoustics (CAA) method. This hybrid method combines (i) a compressible three-dimensional Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of the nearfield unsteady flow and (ii) a Kirchhoff integration providing the noise radiated in the far field. This process is applied to a symmetrical NACA0012 airfoil with a constant section and a blunted trailing edge (TE), at a Mach number of 0.205 and an angle-of-attack of 5°. The Reynolds number based on the airfoil chord is 2.86 millions. The computational domain has a spanwise extent representing 3.3 % of the chord. The unsteady flow computed via LES exhibits a superimposed pressure fluctuation field which presents the qualitative and quantitative features of the TE noise generated by the acoustic scattering of (i) the turbulent boundary layers convected on both airfoil sides (broad-band noise) and (ii) the alternated vortex shedding generated by the TE bluntness (narrow band component). Due to the strong stretching of the LES computational grid, which acts as an acoustic low-pass frequency filter, this acoustic field cannot radiate farther than a half-chord from the body. Consequently, the LES must be relayed by an acoustic propagation method to correctly simulate the farfield noise, which is done using a Kirchhoff integral code. This method necessitates a careful parametric study of the position of the control integration surface enclosing the airfoil and its wake. Farfield noise predictions are compared with (published experimental data obtained in an anechoic facility with the same airfoil geometry (but much larger span). The overestimation of experimental data by predicted levels is discussed.
NavLab, a Generic Simulation and Post-processing Tool for Navigation

The ambition of getting one common tool for a great variety of navigation tasks was the background for the development of NavLab (Navigation Laboratory). The main emphasis during the development has been a solid theoretical foundation with a stringent mathematical representation to ensure that statistical optimality is maintained throughout the entire system. NavLab is implemented in Matlab, and consists of a simulator and an estimator. ○ Simulations are carried out by specifying a trajectory for the vehicle, and the available types of sensors. The output is a set of simulated sensor measurements. ○ The estimator is a flexible aided inertial navigation system, which makes optimal Kalman filtered and smoothed estimates of position, attitude and velocity based on the available set of measurements. The measurements can be either from the simulator or from real sensors of a vehicle. This structure makes NavLab useful for a wide range of navigation applications, including research and development, analysis, real data post-processing and as a decision basis for sensor purchase and mission planning. NavLab has been used extensively for mass-production of accurate navigation results (having post-processed more than 5000 hours of real data in four continents). Vehicles navigated by NavLab include autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), remote operated vehicles (ROVs), ships and aircraft.
Statistical lightning performance evaluation of overhead distribution lines

This paper presents design procedures that achieve specified lightning performance of overhead distribution lines. Since the lightning performance of distribution lines is affected by: (a) pole type and downlead conductor, (b) grounding arrangement, (c) soil resistivity, (d) proximity of trees, (e) arrester placement and (f) lightning activity and lightning parameters of the area, the problem is quite complex. Distribution line lightning performance is distinctly different than overhead transmission lines. This paper presents an integrated model of distribution poles, tower grounding and overhead line conductors. The model is utilized in a Monte Carlo simulation for the purpose of predicting the lightning performance of a distribution line. The paper presents the models and the simulation method. Typical results for typical distribution poles, arrester placement, proximity and height of trees and grounding arrangements are provided. A cost-benefit analysis is also presented that utilizes the results of the simulations towards the most economical design that meets specified performance criteria.
An Empirical Study on Mobile Web Browsing Service Adoption in Korea

Mobile web browsing services bring the full PC browsing experience to customer's mobile handsets which have been emerged. This study is to investigate the intention to use mobile web browsing based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) which has been widely used to explain and predict the IT acceptance and incorporated with self-efficacy which was identified as an important determinant of user's new technology adoption in recent literature on technology acceptance. Specifically, from a theoretical perspective, this study is not only clarifies mobile self-efficacy, but also develops an instrument to measure the concept of mobile self-efficacy. The results indicate that both internet self-efficacy and mobile self-efficacy directly influence perceived ease of use. And the findings indicate that perceived ease of use and usefulness have direct effects on attitude and then it is positively associated with intention to use mobile web browsing. Additional theoretical and practical implications of these findings are also discussed in the paper.
Evaluation of the Removal of Selected Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants Supported by Constructed Wetlands

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) have a negative impact on living organisms in the environment, therefore, are among the group of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (ECDs). Unfortunately, conventional methods used in municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs) are not designed to eliminate PAEs. For this reason, the development of cheap and simple but very effective techniques for the removal of such residues from wastewater is crucial. The main aim of this study was the evaluation of the removal of six selected PAEs: diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP), in real MWWTPs supported by constructed wetlands (MWWTP–CW system). For the first time, the possibility of using three new plants for this purpose, Cyperus papyrus (papyrus), Lysimachia nemorum (yellow pimpernel) and Euonymus europaeus (European spindle), has been presented. For determining the target PAEs in wastewater samples, a method of SPE (Solid-Phase Extraction)–GC–MS(SIM) was developed and validated, and for plant materials, a method of UAE (Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction)–SPE–GC–MS(SIM) was proposed. The obtained data showed that the application of the MWWTP–CW system allows a significant increase in the removal of DEP, DBP, BBP and DEHP from the wastewater stream. Euonymus europaeus was the most effective among the tested plant species for the uptake of analytes (8938 ng × g−1 dry weight), thus, this plant was found to be optimal for supporting conventional MWWTPs.
Self-diagnosing intelligent motors: a key enabler for next generation manufacturing systems

One of the significant trends changing the landscape of manufacturing systems is the migration toward intelligent devices. The low cost of microprocessors, memory, and I/O provides for embedding intelligence into remote, distributed components of a manufacturing process. These remote components may be sensors (e.g. intelligent sensors) or actuators (e.g. intelligent motors). Another important trend we see is the growing importance on machinery reliability and condition-based maintenance (CBM) strategies. Several manufacturers provide a motor controller integrated with a motor for variable speed motor operation. This "integrated motor" provides a compact package for distributed control. We believe significant opportunity lies in integrating low-cost sensors and processors within industrial machinery, such as a motor and enabling the machine to continuously monitor its own health. The capability of a motor for self-diagnosis through distributed intelligence is called an "intelligent motor". The capability of an intelligent device provides for establishing the health of the machinery and its operation and in addition also enables establishing the future state of the machine (failure prediction). Intelligent devices also provide for establishing the health of connected machinery and to evaluate the performance of the driven, connected, process. Finally, these devices provide valuable state estimation data that enables superior closed-loop control and promotes fail-safe machinery operation. The implication of these new self-diagnosing technologies are far reaching and include reducing maintenance costs, providing process optimization and enhancing process quality, insuring reliable machinery operation and improving operating safety and safe-guarding the environment. Collectively, these technologies pave the way for the effective implementation of next generation manufacturing strategies.
A model of workplace environment satisfaction, collaboration experience, and perceived collaboration effectiveness: A survey instrument

This research paper introduced a survey instrument for evaluating workplace occupant satisfaction with work environment for its support for collaboration, satisfaction with collaboration-related work experience, and occupant perceived collaboration effectiveness. The survey questions examined a range of shared spaces in workplace and highlighted the importance for workplace to support both individual and collaborative work for high organizational performance. The survey was administered to 308 office workers in a field study for validation purposes. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a two-factor model of occupant satisfaction with collaborative work environment, with the two factors as perceived facilitation from the work environment for collaboration and perceived distraction from the work environment because of interactive behaviors. Structural equation modeling explained the relationship among workplace environment satisfaction, collaboration-related work experience, and perceived collaboration performance. The development and field test of this survey tool will enable the evaluation of particular workplace settings and the creation of supportive work environments for collaboration, to support workplace design and reengineering, and innovative workplace management.
Recursive discrete cosine transforms with selectable fixed-coefficient filters

In this work, we propose new fixed-coefficient recursive structures for computing discrete cosine transforms with the power-of-two length. The fixed-coefficient recursive structures are developed by exploring the periodicity embedded in transform bases, whose indices can form a complete residue system or a complete odd residue system. After simple data manipulation, the proposed filtering structures requiring fixed-coefficient multipliers are better than the previous recursive methods which need general multipliers in filter realization. In particular, we found that the properly selected fixed-coefficient fitters achieve lower roundoff errors than the nominal variable-coefficient ones for computing DCTs in finite-word-length machines.
Effects of Exogenous Gibberellic Acid in Huanglongbing-affected Sweet Orange Trees under Florida Conditions – I. Flower Bud Emergence and Flower Formation

Under Florida conditions, sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) affected by Huanglongbing {HLB [Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas)]} frequently exhibits irregular flowering patterns, including off-season flowering and prolonged bloom period. Such patterns can increase the opportunity for temporal and spatial proliferation of pathogens that infect flower petals, including the fungal causal agent for postbloom fruit drop (PFD) Colletotrichum acutatum J.H. Simmonds. For the development of strategies to manipulate flowering, the effects of floral inhibitor gibberellic acid (GA3) sprayed monthly at full- and half-strength rates (49 and 25 g·ha−1, or 33 and 17 mg·L−1, respectively) with different regimens, starting from September and ending in November, December, or January, on the pattern of spring bloom were evaluated in field-grown HLB-affected ‘Valencia’ sweet orange at two locations in subsequent February through April for two separate years in this study. To further examine whether GA3 effects on flowering patterns vary in different cultivars, early-maturing ‘Navel’ sweet orange trees receiving no GA3 or full-strength GA3 monthly in September through January were included. Overall, for ‘Valencia’ sweet orange, monthly applications of GA3 at 49 g·ha−1 from September to December not only minimized the incidence of scattered emergence of flower buds and open flowers before the major bloom but also shortened the duration of flowering, compared with the untreated control trees. In addition, exogenous GA3 led to decreased leaf flowering locus t (FT) expression starting in December, as well as reduced expression of its downstream flower genes in buds during later months. When applied monthly from September through January at 49 g·ha−1, similar influences of exogenous GA3 on repressing flower bud formation and compressing bloom period were observed in ‘Navel’ sweet orange. These results suggest that by effectively manipulating flowering in HLB-affected sweet orange trees under the Florida climate conditions, exogenous GA3 may be used to reduce early sporadic flowering and thereby shorten the window of C. acutatum infection that causes loss in fruit production.
Circular microstrip antenna array

The radiated fields due to a circular array of patch antennas are investigated. The aperture method is used to determine the fields of the patch; for this initial study, the effects of mutual coupling are not included. The dependence of the radiated fields on the array geometry is examined for a frequency of 10 GHz and a substrate dielectric constant of 2.2. The practical applications of this array configuration are of interest for radar systems and air and space navigation systems. <<ETX>>
Microstrip parallel‐line coupler to perform broadband optically controlled phase‐shifting

This paper presents an optically controlled broadband phase‐shifter using a parallel‐line coupler, that takes advantage of high‐resistivity silicon photo‐absorption at 840 nm. A continuously variable phase‐shifting of 120° is achieved at 11 GHz with Δ|S21| < 5 dB and with |S11| < −15 dB in a large frequency band (6–15 GHz). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 570–573, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21232
Tracking control for industrial robot using notch filtering system with little phase error

This paper proposes a new method for generation of a position reference that has both vibration suppression performance and fast tracking performance for industrial robots. It is important for industrial robots to drive at high speed and with high accuracy. In such cases, vibration is generated. Conventionally, the notch filter is used in order to reduce vibration. It is able to eliminate the natural frequency component, but a reference phase error is generated. The reference phase error causes locus error in the robot. Therefore, the accuracy of the robot is degraded by using a notch filter. The proposed method overcomes this problem by using the compensation gain. The proposed compensation gain is used in order to calculate the reference phase error. Compensation of the reference phase error is attained by feedforward input. Numerical and the experimental results confirm that the proposed method is valid for reducing vibration phenomena and that it decreases the phase error. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(1): 53–63, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20931
A new IGBT circuit model for SPICE simulation

A new compact model for power IGBTs is presented in this paper. In the proposed approach, the wide base bipolar transistor of the IGBT is modeled by using a Laplace-transform solution of the ambipolar diffusion equation. The obtained nonquasi-static BJT model is coupled with a proposed short-channel MOSFET model, to give the overall IGBT behavior. The developed IGBT model is implemented as a subcircuit in the PSPICE simulator, resulting in good accuracy and reduced CPU time.
Defining and bridging the barriers to more effective conservation of island ecosystems: A practitioner's perspective

The failure to meet global biodiversity targets clearly indicates the need for biodiversity management and conservation efforts to be more effective, and this in turn requires better understanding of the current barriers to success. Islands are known as biodiversity hotspots but nowhere has biodiversity loss been so acute as in island ecosystems. To identify the barriers to effective island ecosystem conservation, we conducted 32 semistructured interviews with conservation and management practitioners from island nations in the Western Indian Ocean region. Practitioners described 33 barriers to meeting their objectives under 12 overarching topics and suggested 14 solutions to these. Most barriers described by interviewees existed at organization level (55%), followed by national (24%) and site/project level (21%). Of the 33 barriers described by practitioners, the most commonly associated cause was limited capacity (23.5%), followed by lack of government coordination and limited resources (both 21.6%), lack of incentives (11.8%), poor leadership (11.7%), and finally interpersonal issues interfering with progress (9.8%). Most solutions centered around bridging capacity gaps. By defining these barriers, we can bring them forward for discussion and allocate resources and efforts to bridging them. Only by doing so can we increase the effectiveness of our management efforts and maximize our chances of achieving global biodiversity targets.
Functionalized Magnetic Nanomaterials in Agricultural Applications

The development of functional nanomaterials exhibiting cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility and biodegradability in the form of nanoadditives, nanofertilizers, nanosensors, nanopesticides and herbicides, etc., has attracted considerable attention in the field of agriculture. Such nanomaterials have demonstrated the ability to increase crop production, enable the efficient and targeted delivery of agrochemicals and nutrients, enhance plant resistance to various stress factors and act as nanosensors for the detection of various pollutants, plant diseases and insufficient plant nutrition. Among others, functional magnetic nanomaterials based on iron, iron oxide, cobalt, cobalt and nickel ferrite nanoparticles, etc., are currently being investigated in agricultural applications due to their unique and tunable magnetic properties, the existing versatility with regard to their (bio)functionalization, and in some cases, their inherent ability to increase crop yield. This review article provides an up-to-date appraisal of functionalized magnetic nanomaterials being explored in the agricultural sector.
Traffic Engineering for Provisioning Hose Model VPNs with Delay Requirements

Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a logic network established on top of a public packet switched network. Previous research works on VPN mainly focused on security issues, such as tunneling, encryption/decryption and authentication. To guarantee that customers’ QoS requirements specified by customers can be met, the network service provider needs to reserve enough network resources on the network, and allocate/manage them in an optimal way. Traffic engineering algorithms can be used by the network service provider to establish multiple VPNs in an optimal way, while meeting customers’ QoS requirements. Previous works on VPN traffic engineering focus on meeting bandwidth guarantees, however, for some network applications, such as VOIP and IPTV, meeting delay requirement is one of another vital issue. To our knowledge until now, issues about traffic engineering for establishing VPNs meeting both bandwidth and delay requirements have not been investigated. In this paper, we proposed a novel VPN traffic engineering algorithm for establishing hose model VPNs with delay requirements. According to experimental simulations conducted our algorithm achieved better performance compared to previous ones.
MUSIC-based Diagnosis Algorithm for Identifying Broken Rotor Bar Faults in Induction Motors Using Flux Signal

The diagnosis of motor failures using an on-line method has been the aim of many researchers and studies. Several spectral analysis techniques have been developed and are used to facilitate on-line diagnosis methods in industry. This paper discusses the first application of a motor flux spectral analysis to the identification of broken rotor bar (BRB) faults in induction motors using a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) technique as an on-line diagnosis method. The proposed method measures the leakage flux in the radial direction using a radial flux sensor which is designed as a search coil and is installed between stator slots. The MUSIC technique, which requires fewer number of data samples and has a higher detection accuracy than the traditional fast Fourier transform (FFT) method, then calculates the motor load condition and extracts any abnormal signals related to motor failures in order to identify BRB faults. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that the proposed method is a promising candidate for an on-line diagnosis method to detect motor failures.