Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scotland's Rural College Stereological assessment of sexual dimorphism in the rat liver reveals differences in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells but not hepatic stellate cells

32 There is long-standing evidence that the male and female rat liver differ in enzyme 33 activity. More recently, differences in gene expression profiling have also been found to 34 exist; however, it is still unclear whether there is morphological expression of 35 male/female differences in the normal liver. Such differences could help to explain 36 features seen at the pathological level, such as the greater regenerative potential 37 generally attributed to the female liver. In this paper, hepatocytes (HEP), Kupffer cells 38 (KC) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) of male and female rats were examined to 39 investigate hypothesized differences in number, volume and spatial co-localization of 40 these cell types. Immunohistochemistry and design-based stereology were used to 41 estimate total numbers, number per gram and mean cell volumes. The position of HSC 42 within lobules (periportal versus centrilobular) and their spatial vicinity to KC was also 43 assessed. In addition, flow cytometry was used to investigate the liver ploidy. In the 44 case of HEP and KC, differences in the measured cell parameters were observed 45 between male and female specimens; however, no such differences were detected for 46 HSC. Female samples contained a higher number of HEP per gram, with more 47 binucleate cells. The HEP nuclei were smaller in females, which was coincident with 48 more abundant diploid particles in these animals. In the case of KC, the female liver 49 also had a greater number per gram, with a lower percentage of KC in the vicinity of 50 HSC compared to males. In this study, we document hitherto unknown morphological 51 sexual dimorphism in the rat liver, namely in HEP and KC. These differences may 52 account for the higher regenerative potential of the female liver and lend weight to the 53 argument for considering the rat liver as a sexually dimorphic organ. 54 55
ooc cuDNN : A Deep Learning Library Supporting CNNs over GPU Memory capacity Extended Abstract

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have achieved notable success particularly in the field of image recognition and image processing. Although there are many libraries which accelerate computation of CNNs with a GPU, few works can compute in case over GPU memory capacity. For example, learning of VGG16 network [1] with a 1024-images batch consumes about 60 GB memory. Unfortunately, a Tesla P100, which is a NVIDIA GPU recently released, has only 16 GB memory. Furthermore, such workloads with existing CNN libraries take significant large overhead due to CPU-GPU communication. In other words, swiftly computing CNNs over GPU memory capacity is an important issue. We developed ooc cuDNN[2] library, which enables a NVIDIA GPU to support CNNs consuming memory over GPU memory capacity. ooc cuDNN’s interface is compatible with cuDNN [3], a deep neural network library for NVIDIA GPUs. Our methodology of ooc cuDNN is dividing the data into the parts and swapping them between the GPUmemory and the host memory. In this poster, we present design and implementation of ooc cuDNN. ooc cuDNN is implemented an optimization technique based on performance models we built. Additionally, ooc cuDNN provides fused functions as combination of some computation to reduce extra communication. Thanks to ooc cuDNN, a Tesla P100 can process a learning task which consumes larger than GPU memory capacity with 10-13 % overhead.
Alternative regression method to PLS on NMR-relaxation curves

Predictions with NMR-relaxation curves as descriptor variables are commonly performed by PLS regression (PLSR). An alternative method for regression modelling is based on the scores from ‘slicing’. Slicing is a method based on the principles of DECRA and serves as an alternative tool to decompose NMR relaxation curves. The loadings from slicing have the advantage, compared to PLSR, of being directly interpretable in terms of underlying exponentials. The scores from slicing provide information about the samples, and may in addition be used for regression. In this work it will be shown that this procedure gives as good predictions as PLSR and also has exploratory advantages.
Perceptions of Revenge Pornography and Victim Blame

The act of revenge porn occurs when someone (commonly an ex-partner) takes a sexual image and distributes it online without the consent of the individual depicted in the image. Despite new legislation to protect victims, revenge porn impacts many individuals who are faced with a culture of victim blaming similar to other acts of sexual assault. The present study used revenge porn scenarios to evaluate the degree to which individuals blame the victim and whether this is mediated by perceiving revenge porn as a betrayal. Three factors were predicted to affect perceptions of betrayal and blame: victim-perpetrator relationship length (one month or one year), the medium used for sexting (text message or Snapchat) and the perceiver ’ s level of trust in others. The way in which the sexual image was sent did not impact perceived breach of trust or victim blame. The length of the victim-perpetrator relationship did impact victim blame but not perceived betrayal. In line with predictions, those with higher interpersonal trust were found to show less victim blaming which was mediated by their higher perceptions of betrayal in an act of revenge porn. The findings contribute towards future education initiatives to improve outcomes for victims of revenge porn .
The relationship between isokinetic strength and functional performance 12 months after total knee arthroplasty

OBJECTIVE To measure the correlation between isokinetic peak knee strength and functional performance 12 months after unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHOD The study participants, 15 patients who had undergone primary unilateral TKA, were tested at least 12 months postoperatively. Isokinetic quadriceps and hamstrings torque were assessed in the operated and non-operated legs using an electromechanical dynamometer at the angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Functional performance was assessed using the stair-climbing test (SCT), the Timed “Up-and-Go” test (TUG), and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). RESULTS Peak strength across two isokinetic velocities of the muscles of the knee was found to be correlated with the functional performance measurements. Functional performance on all three tests was significantly associated with the peak strength of the extensor muscles across both the isokinetic velocities. The 6MWT was significantly associated with peak torque of the flexor muscles across both isokinetic velocities. The only significant difference between the mean peak torque of the two knees was for the extensors at a velocity of 180°/sec. At this velocity, the mean peak torque of the extensor muscles of the operated leg was significantly weaker than that of the muscles in the non-operated leg. No difference was found between the flexor muscles of the operated and the non-operated leg at either 60°/sec and 180°/sec. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of knee extensor strength may be a useful tool for clinicians in assessing and setting milestones during rehabilitation after TKA. I. Poulis, K. Vassis, E. Kapreli, T. Chados, S. Chados, A. Kanellopoulos
Embodied Synaptic Plasticity With Online Reinforcement Learning

The endeavor to understand the brain involves multiple collaborating research fields. Classically, synaptic plasticity rules derived by theoretical neuroscientists are evaluated in isolation on pattern classification tasks. This contrasts with the biological brain which purpose is to control a body in closed-loop. This paper contributes to bringing the fields of computational neuroscience and robotics closer together by integrating open-source software components from these two fields. The resulting framework allows to evaluate the validity of biologically-plausibe plasticity models in closed-loop robotics environments. We demonstrate this framework to evaluate Synaptic Plasticity with Online REinforcement learning (SPORE), a reward-learning rule based on synaptic sampling, on two visuomotor tasks: reaching and lane following. We show that SPORE is capable of learning to perform policies within the course of simulated hours for both tasks. Provisional parameter explorations indicate that the learning rate and the temperature driving the stochastic processes that govern synaptic learning dynamics need to be regulated for performance improvements to be retained. We conclude by discussing the recent deep reinforcement learning techniques which would be beneficial to increase the functionality of SPORE on visuomotor tasks.
DETERMINANTS OF MANUFACTURED GOODS EXPORTED FROM PAKISTAN : USE OF ARDL APPROACH

This study determined the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) along with other factors on exports of manufactured goods in Pakistan. The study employed time series data from 1990 to 2010. We applied ARDL approach to estimate the determinants of manufactured goods exported from Pakistan. Results showed that FDI, agriculture value added and technology have positive and significant impact on manufactured exports of Pakistan, while real effective exchange rate showed in negative and significant impact on manufactured exports from Pakistan. So, better environment for attracting FDI, investing in agriculture, value addition and introducing the latest technology in the country would further improve the exports of manufactured goods from the country.
COMPARISON OF SDS-PAGE PROTEIN PROFILES OF COLORECTAL CANCER TISSUES EXTRACTED USING THREE DIFFERENT EXTRACTION BUFFERS 1

Colorectal cancer is one of the major public concerns due to its increasing incidents worldwide. Proteomics approach may serve as a useful tool in understanding the development of the disease. Analysis of protein expression in colorectal cancer and normal tissues will lead to the understanding of the disease that may improve its prognosis. The property of proteins varied dependent on their amino acid composition and folding. Therefore, there is no single extraction buffer possible to extract total proteins from the tissues. In this study, we used three extraction buffers to extract proteins from the homogenized colorectal tissues. The Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) profiles of the buffer extracts show common and distinct proteins extracted in each buffer. Excluding the heterogeneous proteins that migrated as multiple bands in SDS-PAGE, five proteins were identified exclusively in the buffers, namely alpha-1-antitrypsin and haptoglobin precursor in Phosphate (Ph) buffer, smooth muscle cell associated protein-1 (SMAP-1b) and keratin 20 in Lysis (Ly) buffer, and actin-gamma 1 (ACTG1) protein in Thiourea (Thio) buffer. The data indicates that the combination of buffers is needed in the proteomic analysis of colorectal tissues.
N A ] 2 J ul 2 01 5 Computing Highly Oscillatory Integrals ∗

We develop two classes of composite moment-free numerical quadratures for computing highly oscillatory integrals having integrable singularities and stationary points. The first class of the quadrature rules has a polynomial order of convergence and the second class has an exponential order of convergence. We first modify the moment-free Filon-type method for the oscillatory integrals without a singularity or a stationary point to accelerate their convergence. We then consider the oscillatory integrals without a singularity or a stationary point and then those with singularities and stationary points. The composite quadrature rules are developed based on partitioning the integration domain according to the wave number and the singularity of the integrand. The integral defined on a subinterval has either a weak singularity without rapid oscillation or oscillation without a singularity. The classical quadrature rules for weakly singular integrals using graded points are employed for the singular integral without rapid oscillation and the modified moment-free Filon-type method is used for the oscillatory integrals without a singularity. Unlike the existing methods, the proposed methods do not have to compute the inverse of the oscillator. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the approximation accuracy and the computational efficiency of the proposed methods. Numerical results show that the proposed methods outperform methods published most recently.
Biochemical responses to cadmium and lead stresses in date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L . ) plants

Investigations were conducted on young date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) plants derived from tissue culture to evaluate their biochemical responses to cadmium and lead treatments through irrigation water. Changes in date palm metabolisms were observed as a response to heavy metals accumulation, the reductions in photosynthetic pigments as chlorophyll and carotenoides were obvious after 180 days of treatments, compared with the increase in anthocyanin pigments which was twofold more than control plants. It is noteworthy, that Cd and Pb treatments induced a significant decrease in chlorophyll stability index (CSI) to 66.97 and 58.79%, in Cd (9 mg/kg) and P (276 mg/kg), respectively. Stressed P. dactylifera plants tend to accumulate more carbohydrates, free amino acid and proline in their leaves as consequences of heavy metal treatments. Interestingly, the level of total soluble proteins was found to be less, up to twofold, than those in non-stressed plants. An excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was generated by P. dactylifera plants exposed to Cd and Pb, an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulations was observed in stressed plants, with a significant reduction in membrane stability index (MSI), the MSI was 78.8% in nonstressed plants and decreased significantly to 66.17 and 60.90%, under Cd and Pb at high concentrations, respectively. The activity of antioxidant enzyme peroxidase and total phenolic compounds were enhanced under Cd and Pb treatments. The present study supports the potential toxic effect of Cd and Pb on date palm by hampering metabolism and interfering with biological functions.
An Approach to Source Code Plagiarism Detection Based on Abstract Implementation Structure Diagram

Source-code plagiarism detection in programming, concerns the identification of source-code files that contain similar and/or identical source-code fragments. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and defects of the existing program code similarity detection system, a method of source code similarity detection based on Abstract Implementation Structure Diagram (AISD) is proposed. The source code modelling and format into an abstract implementation structure diagram, and forming structural feature strings and variable reference relationship sequences by extracting structural features and variable position features. We calculate the overall similarity by calculating structural similarity and variable similarity. The results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed AISD-based approach overcomes other approaches on the same source code datasets, and reveals promising results as an efficient and reliable approach to source-code plagiarism detection.
Hierarchical Context enabled Recurrent Neural Network for Recommendation

A long user history inevitably reflects the transitions of personal interests over time. The analyses on the user history require the robust sequential model to anticipate the transitions and the decays of user interests. The user history is often modeled by various RNN structures, but the RNN structures in the recommendation system still suffer from the long-term dependency and the interest drifts. To resolve these challenges, we suggest HCRNN with three hierarchical contexts of the global, the local, and the temporary interests. This structure is designed to withhold the global long-term interest of users, to reflect the local sub-sequence interests, and to attend the temporary interests of each transition. Besides, we propose a hierarchical context-based gate structure to incorporate our interest drift assumption. As we suggest a new RNN structure, we support HCRNN with a complementary bi-channel attention structure to utilize hierarchical context. We experimented the suggested structure on the sequential recommendation tasks with CiteULike, MovieLens, and LastFM, and our model showed the best performances in the sequential recommendations.
Green Large-Scale Fog Computing Resource Allocation Using Joint Benders Decomposition, Dinkelbach Algorithm, ADMM, and Branch-and-Bound

With the increasing demands for large-scale computing in Internet of Things network, fog computing emerges as a potential solution. However, the time and energy costs are the bottlenecks for developing fog computing. In this paper, we investigate the green fog computing by maximizing the network utility function considering energy efficiency with the constraints of power and interference. The proposed problem is a large-scale mixed integer nonlinear programming. To deal with such kind of problems, we design an algorithm framework to solve the problem in a distributed and parallel manner. The outer loop of the problem is based on the Benders decomposition to divide the integer variables and continuous variables into the master problems and subproblems, respectively. In the subproblem, we use the Dinkelbach algorithm to transform the fractional programming into an equivalent solvable form. In the inner loop, the large-scale problem with only continuous variables is handled by the alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm. For the master problem, we propose a centralized branch-and-bound algorithm to deal with the complexity. We also discuss the properties and performances of our algorithm. Finally, the simulation results indicate that our proposed algorithm is energy-efficient and time-saving.
EFFICIENCY OF GARRI MARKETING IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA: IMPLICATION FOR ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT

ABSRACT Nigeria is the largest producer of cassava in the world. Marketing of garri, a major product from cassava, has potential for economic empowerment in Nigeria. The study analyzed the efficiency of garri marketing in Nigeria based on evidence from Kwara State. Data for the study was collected from 120 respondents and analyzed using budgetary and regression techniques. The results showed that most of the respondents were uneducated women who relied on personal savings to finance their agribusiness. Marketing efficiency was 1.12 indicating efficient marketing system which implies that the enterprise is profitable with huge potential for economic empowerment. Factors influencing profitability of garri enterprise (significantly at P ≤ 0.05) included cooperative participation and experience in garri marketing. Major reported marketing constraint included price fluctuation. In order to further improve profitability, hence the potential of garri enterprise for economic empowerment, this paper recommends increasing respondents’ access to more formal financial intermediaries, especially the cooperatives.
Synchronization of VM probes for observing P 2 P traffic and application behavior using EtherIP

Recently security incident caused by P2P application has become serious threat. Particularly, it is difficult to trace P2P traffic and application behavior with the single node based current technologies. In this paper, we propose a synchronization method of VM probes for observing P2P traffic and application behavior using EtherIP. We apply EtherIP to connect the guest domains (virtualized domains) in physical machine on different locations to provide illusion that these are running on the same segment, local area network. Therefore, using Ether IP makes it possible to synchronize nodes by sending command to trace traffic and application behavior. Proposed system is implemented on VNET on Xen virtual machine monitor. VNET is the virtual network bridging based which enables the guest domains in physical machines on different locations connected and synchronized to each other. Prosed sytem is desinged towards observablity and traceability of P2P appliction and its networks.
EXTRACT PREPARATION OF MAJOR FOOD ALLERGENS OF PAKISTAN AND THEIR PROTEIN PROFILING

Food born antigens induce helper T-cells to produce immunoglobulin IgE leading to food allergies. Allergic extracts of common foods such as cow milk, buffalo milk, peanut, egg yolk and egg white and wheat were prepared using different methods. Protein concentration was determined by Bradford assay in which buffalo and cow milk curd showed maximum concentration of 29.6 and 27.7mg/ml respectively. Protein extracts of different foods were resolved on 12% SDS-PAGE. In buffalo and cow milk two proteins having a molecular weight of 18.4KD and 14KDa were identified as β-lactoglobulin and α-lactoglobulin by comparing with Allergen Nomenclature WHO/IUIS. Similarly, Ara h 1 allergen having 64KDa molecular weight was identified in peanut extract. Oval-albumin having 43kDa was identified in egg white and egg yolk contains α-levitin and YGP42 with 70-80 KDa and 35-40 KDa molecular weights respectively. Water soluble gliadins such as α, β, у,ω components and alcohol soluble gluteinins were found in wheat extract. The current study about protein profiling of major food allergen will help to identify clinically significant food allergens in local population by their cross reactivity with allergic patient sera. The identified local allergens will contribute in the diagnosis and management of food allergy.
Opinion on the appropriate age for introduction of complementary feeding of infants 1 EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products , Nutrition and Allergies ( NDA )

Following a request from the Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the appropriate age for the introduction of complementary food for infants in the EU. Many European countries have adopted the WHO recommendation for the duration of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, whilst other countries recommend the introduction of complementary feeding between 4 and 6 months. The Panel agrees with WHO and other authoritative national and international bodies that breastmilk is the preferred food for infants, but the focus in this opinion are the factors which determine the appropriate age for the introduction of complementary food into infants‟ diets. The Panel has evaluated predominantly studies in breast-fed healthy infants born at term for indicators of an appropriate age at which to introduce complementary food irrespective of existing recommendations on breast-feeding duration and on exclusivity of breast-feeding. The Panel has focussed its evaluation on data from developed countries. On the basis of present knowledge, the Panel concludes that the introduction of complementary food into the diet of healthy term infants in the EU between the age of 4 and 6 months is safe and does not pose a risk for adverse health effects (both in the short-term, including infections and retarded or excessive weight gain, and possible long-term effects such as allergy and obesity). Consistent with these conclusions, presently available data on the risk of celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus support also the timing of the introduction of gluten containing food (preferably while still breast-feeding) not later than 6 months of age. Exclusive breast-feeding provides adequate nutrition up to 6 months of age for the majority of infants, while some infants may need complementary foods before 6 months (but not before 4 months) in addition to breast-feeding in order to support optimal growth and development.