Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality-Controlled Upper-Air Sounding Dataset for TiMREX/SoWMEX: Development and Corrections

Abstract During the Terrain-Influenced Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (TiMREX), which coincided with Taiwan’s Southwesterly Monsoon Experiment—2008 (SoWMEX-08), the upper-air sounding network over the Taiwan region was enhanced by increasing the radiosonde (“sonde”) frequency at its operational sites and by adding several additional sites (three that were land based and two that were ship based) and aircraft dropsondes. During the special observing period of TiMREX (from 15 May to 25 June 2008), 2330 radiosonde observations were successfully taken from the enhanced network. Part of the challenge of processing the data from the 13 upsonde sites is that four different sonde types (Vaisala RS80, Vaisala RS92, Meisei, and Graw) were used. Post–field phase analyses of the sonde data revealed a significant dry bias in many of the sondes—in particular, in the data from the Vaisala RS80 sondes that were used at four sites. In addition, contamination of the sonde data by the ship’s structure resulted in poor-quality .
ON THE ALMOST SURE PARTIAL MAXIMA OF SOLUTIONS OF AFFINE STOCHASTIC FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH FINITE DELAY

This paper studies the large fluctuations of solutions of scalar and finite-dimensional ane stochastic functional dierential equations with finite memory, as well as related nonlinear equations. We find conditions under which the exact almost sure growth rate of the partial maximum of each component of the system can be determined, both for ane and nonlinear equations. The proofs exploit the fact that an exponentially decaying fundamental solution of the underlying deterministic equation is sucient to ensure that the solution of the ane equation converges to a stationary Gaussian process.
Changement d’état liquide [math] solide dans les milieux poreux - II. — Étude théorique de la solidification d’un condensat capillaire

Les relations thermodynamiques appliquees aux corps finement divises conduisent a des expressions liant la temperature du point triple et l’energie de changement d’etat d’un corps dans un milieu poreux aux courbures des interphases. Un examen de la solidification d’un corps saturant un milieu poreux qu’il mouille, permet d’envisager trois processus de changement d’etat. A chacun de ces mecanismes correspond une relation particuliere entre la variation de la temperature du point triple et le rayon du capillaire dans lequel a lieu la transformation.La confrontation de l’etude theorique et des resultats experimentaux permet de faire un choix parmi les processus envisages. Cette comparaison met egalement en evidence la presence, a la paroi, d’un certain nombre de couches de molecules qui ne participent pas au changement d’etat.
A UNIFORMLY CONVERGENT METHOD ON ARBITRARY MESHES FOR A SEMILINEAR CONVECTION-DIFFUSION PROBLEM WITH DISCONTINUOUS DATA

(Communicated by Lubin Vulkov) Abstract. This paper deals with a uniform (in a perturbation parameter) convergent difierence scheme for solving a nonlinear singularly perturbed two- point boundary value problem with discontinuous data of a convection-difiusion type. Construction of the difierence scheme is based on locally exact schemes or on local Green's functions. Uniform convergence with flrst order of the pro- posed difierence scheme on arbitrary meshes is proven. A monotone iterative method, which is based on the method of upper and lower solutions, is ap- plied to computing the nonlinear difierence scheme. Numerical experiments are presented.
ADAPTABLE FINGERPRINT MINUTIAE EXTRACTIONALGORITHM BASED-ON CROSSING NUMBERMETHOD FOR HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATIONUSING FPGA DEVICE

In this article. a main perspective of developing and implementing fingerprint extraction and matching algorithms as a pari of fingerprint recognition system is focused. First, developing a simple algorithm to extract fingerprint features and test this algorithm on Pc. The second thing is implementing this algorithm into FPGA devices. The major research topics on which the proposed approach is developing and modifying fingerprint extraction feature algorithm. This development and modification are using crossing number method on pixel representation value '0'. In this new proposed algorithm, it is no need a process concerning ROI segmentation and no trigonometry calculation. And specially in obtaining their parameters using Angle Calculation Block avoiding floating points calculation. As this method is local feature that usually involve with 60-100 minutiae points, makes the template is small in size. Providing FAR. FRR and EER, performs the performance evaluation of proposed algorithm. The result is an adaptable fingerprint minutiae extraction algorithm into hardware implementation with 14.05 % of EEl? , better than reference algorithm, which is 20.39 % . The computational time is 18 seconds less than a similar method, which takes 60-90 seconds just for pre-processing step. The first step of algorithm implementation in hardware environment (embedded) using FPGA Device by developing IP Core without using any soft processor is presented.
3m (minnesota Mining and Man- Ufacturing Company); Kroll Associates, Inc. Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, Appel- Lant/cross–appellee. 5. Monopolies O17(2.2)

we conclude that inasmuch as we are affirming the judgment of conviction and sentence we should affirm the order denying bail pending appeal. 2 Certainly it would be strange to grant bail pending appeal at the precise time the appeal was failing. See 18 U.S.C. § 3143(b)(B). We make our determination with respect to bail without prejudice to Barnes seeking bail from the district court in the pending section 2255 proceeding. 3 For the foregoing reasons we will affirm the judgment of conviction and sentence Competitor brought antitrust action against manufacturer of transparent tape.ment in favor of competitor on monopoliza-tion claim, and manufacturer appealed. The Court of Appeals, 277 F.3d 365, reversed , and rehearing en banc was granted. On rehearing, the Court of Appeals, Sloviter, Circuit Judge, held that: (1) man-ufacturer's exclusionary conduct could violate Sherman Act's monopolization provision , even if manufacturer never priced its transparent tape below its cost; (2) manu-facturer's conduct had anticompetitive effect ; (3) manufacturer's conduct did not have legitimate business justification; and (4) competitor's damages expert was not required to disaggregate damages caused by manufacturer's unlawful activity from those caused by its lawful activity when estimating damages. Affirmed. Greenberg, Circuit Judge, filed dis-senting opinion in which Circuit Judges Scirica and Alito joined. A monopolist willfully acquires or maintains monopoly power in violation of Sherman Act when it competes on some basis other than the merits. Exclusionary conduct of manufacturer with monopoly power in transparent tape market, such as offering bundled rebates 2. Arguably the appeal in the bail appeal is moot in view of our disposition of the main appeal. We are satisfied, however, that this is not so because our opinion does not necessarily terminate Barnes' direct appellate proceedings as he may petition for rehearing or seek a writ of certiorari from the United States Supreme Court. 3. We do not intend to imply that if Barnes seeks bail the court should grant his application. Rather, we do not reach that question. 142 324 FEDERAL REPORTER, 3d SERIES and entering into exclusive dealing contracts , could violate Sherman Act's monop-olization provision, even if manufacturer never priced its transparent tape below its cost. Monopolist will be found to violate Sherman Act's monopolization provision if it engages in exclusionary or predatory conduct without a valid business justification. Bundled rebates offered to retailers by manufacturer with monopoly power in transparent tape market was exclusionary conduct …
Condenadas a la desigualdad

Fruto de un proyecto de investigacion de I+D+I sobre la situacion de las mujeres encarceladas en Espana es el libro Condenadas a la desigualdad. Sistema de indicadores de discriminacion penitenciaria. Un estudio que pone de manifiesto que desigualdades de genero que persisten en la sociedad espanola, se reproducen en prision, en asuntos como el acceso al trabajo, la salud, la organizacion de la vida cotidiana, las comunicaciones o la forma diferenciada en que cada centro penitenciario ejerce un sistema punitivo comun. Un proceso complejo para obtener informacion y tratar de crear un sistema de indicadores para evitar esta discriminacion (SINDISCRIP).
Distributed Precoding with Weighted SLNR for Downlink Multi-user MIMO Systems ⋆

The use of precoding in the downlink of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems can suppress co-channel interference effectively. Many schemes have been given to design precoding matrix for different optimization objective. In this paper, a distributed precoding scheme, named block diagonalization with weighted signal to leakage plus noise ratio (BD-WSLNR) for MU-MIMO systems with multiple data streams is proposed. It can nullify the intra-cell interference and mitigate the weighted leakage interference to other cell users according to their interference affordability based on channel quality information (CQI). Besides, a generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) based matrix calculation method is introduced to improve the calculation accuracy and reduce the gap between effective SINRs of multiple data streams. Simulation results show that, compared to the existed schemes such as block diagonalization (BD), max signal to leakage plus noise ratio (max-SLNR), and block diagona-lization with other cell interference (BD-OCI), the proposed precoding scheme achieves considerable gains in the spectral efficiency of edge users, while maintaining nearly the same achievable sum-rate.
Ultrasonic Imaging

The basic principles of ultrasonic B-mode imaging are summarized. Tissue features that generate contrast and system features that control image quality are reviewed in the context of breast cancer imaging. Approaches to signal modeling, including B-mode and Doppler techniques, are reviewed to guide methodological design and clinical evaluation. The article concludes with a brief summary of current research. Shankar nd.vijaykumar / Art No. ebs1233 1^11 10 ULTRASONIC IMAGING
Peer Ratings and Intentions to Change: Adopting the CATME to Explore Outcomes of Peer Ratings

Tom is a Professor of Industrial/Organizational Psychology and leading expert in the areas of team dynamics, virtual teams, conflict management, personality, and assessment. He is director of the Individual and Team Performance Lab and the Virtual Team Performance, Innovation, and Collaboration Lab at the University of Calgary, which was built through a $500K Canada Foundation for Innovation Infrastructure Grant. He also holds operating grants of over $300K to conduct leading-edge research on virtual team effectiveness. Over the past 10 years Tom has worked with organizations in numerous industries including oil and gas, healthcare, technology, and venture capitals. He is currently engaged with the Schulich School of Engineering at the University of Calgary to train, develop, and cultivate soft-skill teamwork competencies in order to equip graduates with strong interpersonal and communication capabilities.
Kullback-Leibler aggregation and misspecified generalized linear models

In a regression setup with deterministic design, we study the pure aggregation problem and introduce a natural extension from the Gaussian distribution to distributions in the exponential family. While this extension bears strong connections with generalized linear models, it does not require identifiability of the parameter or even that the model on the systematic component is true. It is shown that this problem can be solved by constrained and/or penalized likelihood maximization and we derive sharp oracle inequalities that hold both in expectation and with high probability. Finally all the bounds are proved to be optimal in a minimax sense.
ARBITRARY LAGRANGIAN EULERIAN METHOD FOR COMPRESSIBLE PLASMA SIMULATIONS

RIK ‡ Abstract. Laser plasma is modeled by Lagrangian hydrodynamical equations including heat conductivity and laser absorption. The hyperbolic part of the model is treated by Arbitrary La- grangian Eulerian (ALE) method which avoids moving mesh distortion and parabolic heat conduc- tivity part is treated by splitting and mimetic method. High velocity laser accelerated disc impact problems for which standard Lagrangian simulation method fails are treated well by the ALE method.
The Process of Question Answering - A Computer Simulation of Cognition

done to determine the best control s t rategy to use. The control issues that were tested were left to right processing through the sentence versus an "island driven" strategy, examining all the words that might be present in a given location at once versus taking them one at a time, doing time-consuming but accurate context checking as soon as possible versus delaying such checking, and focusing the processing on a single hypothesis versus skipping around to whatever hypothesis seemed best at the time. The average reader will probably be more interested in the results of the experiments than the details of them, however.
Output-drivenness and partial phonological features

Tesar (2013) develops the notion of output-drivenness, provides guarantees that OT grammars satisfy it, and demonstrates its learnability implications. This squib discusses the extension of Tesar’s theory to a representational framework with partial phonological features. It considers a hierarchy of notions of output-drivenness of increasing strength which can be defined within this extended framework. It determines the strongest notion of output-drivenness which holds in the case of partial features. And it shows that the learnability implications discussed by Tesar carry over to a framework with partial features only if feature undefinedness is effectively treated by identity faithfulness constraints as an additional feature value.
Arabic Text-Based Chat Topic Classification Using Discrete Wavelet Transform

Research studies on topic classification of chat conversations use the Vector Space Model (VSM) extensively. The VSM represents documents and queries as vectors of features. These features are the terms that occur within the collection. The VSM’s limitation is that it does not consider the proximity of the terms in the document. The proximity information of the terms is an important factor that determines their position in the document. Another model used in information retrieval systems is the Spectral-Based Information Retrieval Method (SBIRM), which employs the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to rank documents according to document scores. This method’s advantage is that it not only counts the frequency of the terms used in the document, but also considers their proximity by comparing the query terms in their spectral domain rather than their spatial domain. Based on the foregoing considerations, the objective of this research is to build a framework for Arabic Chat Classification (ACC) that can help detect illegal topics in Arabic text-based chat conversations. This framework is a combination of Information Retrieval (IR) and Machine Learning (ML) methods. The ACC implements two methods: first, the SBIRM using the DWT and second, the Naive Bayes method. Two experiments were conducted to test the ACC framework, one for root-based and the other for stem-based chat conversations. The results showed that the former outperformed the latter in terms of accuracy, precision, and F-measure. The recall results were the same for both experiments.
APPLICATION OF EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH TO SOLVING VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM WITH TIME WINDOWS 1

: This article deals with software support to the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) on the basis of evolutionary algorithms. Since the vehicle routing problem with time windows belongs to the group of NP-hard problems, the use of optimisation techniques seems to be relatively complicated; therefore nowadays many researchers turn their attention to the application of alternative computational techniques that are inspired by evolutionary biology. Besides the unconstrained problems with continuous variables, the evolutionary algorithms may be used also for dealing with constrained problems with discrete variables; however, their use requires the techniques that enable to decode a candidate solution into the problem solution so that all given criteria are met. The authors present their own approach for the purposes of coding and decoding the VRPTW that enables to use a lot of evolutionary techniques.
Cloud Testing: A State-of-the-Art Review

This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of cloud testing. Cloud computing, a new paradigm for developing and delivering computing applications and services, has gained considerable attention in recent years. Cloud computing can impact all software life cycle stages, including the area of software testing. TaaS (Testing as a Service) or cloud testing, which includes testing the cloud and testing using the cloud, is a fast developing area of research in software engineering. The paper addresses the following three areas: (1) general research in cloud testing, (2) specific cloud testing research, i.e., tools, methods, and systems under test, and (3) commercial TaaS tools and solutions.
Supporting Middle Grades Mathematics Teachers and Students: A Curricular Activity System Used in an Urban School District

Abstract The exploration of proportional relationships is foundational to the mathematics studied in the middle grades and beyond. Research has shown that an early emphasis on procedures often leaves students with a shallow understanding of the important underlying mathematical concepts of proportional relationships. One approach that addresses the needs of both teachers and students when it comes to mathematics that middle grades students find challenging (e.g., ratios and proportions) is a unified curricular activity system (i.e., a system of curricular materials, technology, and teacher professional development). The mixed-method study presented in this article outlines a curricular activity system that was designed to underpin middle grades mathematics teachers’ implementation of a learning module addressing proportional relationships. The results of the study provide evidence that a curricular activity system in which teacher professional development is coherently aligned to technology-embedded curriculum impacts teachers’ ability to teach as well as students’ learning of proportional relationships.
Aperiodic order and spherical diffraction

We introduce model sets in arbitrary locally compact second countable (lcsc) groups, generalizing Meyer's definition of a model set in a locally compact abelian group. We then provide a new formulation of diffraction theory, which unlike the classical formulation does not involve F{\o}lner sets and thus generalizes to point sets in non-amenable lcsc groups. We focus on the case of lcsc groups admitting a Gelfand pair and on the spherical part of the diffraction. Using this approach we obtain explicit formulas for the auto-correlation and diffraction of model sets. Our diffraction formula generalizes the spherical trace formula in a similar way as the abelian diffraction formula generalizes the Poisson summation formula. We deduce that a model set has pure point spherical diffraction provided the underlying lattice is cocompact.
Ëý×øøñ Áááòøø¬¬¬øøóòò Äääöòòòò Ìììóöý Ôôöóóó

In this paper, the problem of system identi cation is formulated as a problem in statistical learning theory. The main motivation for such a reformulation is that traditionally system identi cation theory provides asymptotic results, whereas statistical learning theory is devoted to the derivation of nite time estimates. If system identi cation is to be combined with robust control theory to develop a sound theory of indirect adaptive control, it is essential to have nite time estimates of the sort provided by statistical learning theory. As an illustration of the approach, a result is derived showing that in the case of systems with fading memory, it is possible to combine standard results in statistical learning theory (suitably modi ed to the present situation) with some fading memory arguments to obtain nite time estimates of the desired kind. In the case of linear systems, the results proved here are not overly conservative, but are more so in the case of nonlinear systems where the adjustable parameters enter linearly into the model description. Though the actual results derived here are rather preliminary in nature, it is hoped that future researchers will pursue the ideas presented here to extend the theory further.
Mercury Use in Artisanal Small-scale Gold Mining Measures to Describe and Reduce the Health Risk Content

vi Zusammenfassung . ix 1 Background . 1 2 Current state of research . 3 3 Objectives and research questions . 9 4 Materials and methods . 12 4.1 Literature review . 12 4.2 Statistical and epidemiological data analyses . 13 4.3 Environmental Burden of Disease (EBD) . 16 4.4 Expert elicitation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) . 18 4.5 Practical testing of a mercury-free gold extraction procedure . 19 5 Main Results. 19 5.1 Children as particularly vulnerable subgroup at risk . 20 5.2 The mercury body burden in artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) . 22 5.3 The health burden from exposure to mercury used in ASGM . 24 5.3. 1 The epidemiology of chronic mercury intoxication in ASGM . 24 5.3. 2 The EBD of chronic mercury intoxication in ASGM . 26 5.3. 3 HRQoL and disease profiles . 27 5.4 Mercury-free gold extraction . 28 6 Discussion . 29 7 Conclusions . 40 References . 41 Acknowledgments . 58 Declaration of originality . 59
Gondwanan Vicariance or Dispersal in the Tropics? The Biogeographic History of the Tropical Monocot Family Costaceae (Zingiberales)

Costaceae are a pantropical family, distinguished from other families within the order Zingiberales by their spiral phyllotaxy and showy labellum comprised of five fused staminodes. While the majority of Costaceae species are found in the neotropics, the pantropical distribution of the family as a whole could be due to a number of historical biogeographic scenarios, including continental-drift mediated vicariance and long-distance dispersal events. Here, the hypothesis of an ancient Gondwanan distribution followed by vicariance via continental drift as the leading cause of the current pantropical distribution of Costaceae is tested, using molecular dating of cladogenic events combined with phylogeny-based biogeographic analyses. Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis (DIVA) is used to determine ancestral distributions based upon the modern distribution of extant taxa in a phylogenetic context. Diversification ages within Costaceae are estimated using chloroplast DNA data (trnL-F and trnK) analyzed with a local clock procedure. In the absence of fossil evidence, the divergence time between Costaceae and Zingiberaceae, as estimated in an ordinal analysis of Zingiberales, is used as the calibration point for converting relative to absolute ages. The results of the temporal analysis based on extant taxa indicate that the initial diversification within Costaceae occurred approximately 65 million years ago, long after the final break up of the Gondwanan supercontinent. Considering this minimum age of diversification, potential scenarios for the current biogeographic patterns found in Costaceae are presented in a temporal and spatial context. The evolution of specialized floral forms associated with specific pollinators is also discussed within the biogeographic framework.