Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Reader Sensitivity Rotation in TDMR With Head Skew

The 2-D magnetic recording (TDMR) by shingled magnetic recording (SMR) draws attention as a technology to increase the recording densities in a hard disk drive. The magnetization pattern is curved by the write field at the corner of the writer in SMR, and the information to read/write (R/W) channel performance is feared. Therefore, it is possible that the bit error rate performance is improved by fitting the reader sensitivity to the bit shape. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of reader sensitivity rotation in the TDMR R/W channel with head skew under a specification of 4 Tb/in2 by computer simulation, applying the low-density parity-check coding and the iterative decoding system with the 2-D finite impulse response filter. The results show that the rotated reader sensitivity fits the recorded bit magnetization shape, and the error-free skew range increases to -3°~6°. Therefore, the reader sensitivity rotation is considered to be an effective way to improve the skew margin in the TDMR system.
A Generalized Dynamical Approach to the Large Time Behavior of Solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi Equations

We consider the Hamilton--Jacobi equation \[ \partial_t u+H(x,Du)=0\qquad \hbox{in $(0,+\infty)\times\T^{N}$}, \] where $\T^{N}$ is the flat N-dimensional torus, and the Hamiltonian $H(x,p)$ is assumed continuous in x and strictly convex and coercive in p. We study the large time behavior of solutions, and we identify the limit through a Lax-type formula. Some convergence results are also given for H solely convex. Our qualitative method is based on the analysis of the dynamical properties of the Aubry set, performed in the spirit of [A. Fathi and A. Siconolfi, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations, 22 (2005), pp. 185-228]. This can be viewed as a generalization of the techniques used in [A. Fathi, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. I Math., 327 (1998), pp. 267-270] and [J. M. Roquejoffre, J. Math. Pures Appl. (9), 80 (2001), pp. 85-104]. Analogous results have been obtained in [G. Barles and P. E. Souganidis, SIAM J. Math. Anal. , 31 (2000), pp. 925-939] using PDE methods.
Investigating How User's Activities in Both Virtual and Physical World Impact Each Other Leveraging LBSN Data

In this paper, we investigate how user's online behavior (e.g., making friendships) and their offline activity (e.g., check-ins) affected each other by leveraging the data collected from LBSN. First, we use vectors to represent nodes and define popularity entropy for each node to weigh their popularities and the impact on forming a new edge. Then, we propose an algorithm to calculate the weight of each edge based on our findings that the more overlap of linked nodes they have, the heavier weight the edge has and the more popular the nodes in their overlap are, the lighter the weight of the edge is. Finally, we conduct link prediction by using the random walk with restart method considering the effect of every node and every edge. Experimental results show that user's activity in virtual world and physical world do really have great impact on each other.
A novel entropy based unsupervised Feature Selection algorithm using rough set theory

Feature Selection (FS) is a process, to select features which are more informative. It is one of the important steps in knowledge discovery. The problem is that not all features are important. Some of the features may be redundant, and others may be irrelevant and noisy. The conventional supervised FS methods evaluate various feature subsets using an evaluation function or metric to select only those features which are related to the decision classes of the data under consideration. However, for many data mining applications, decision class labels are often unknown or incomplete, thus indicating the significance of unsupervised feature selection. However, in unsupervised learning, decision class labels are not provided. In this paper, we propose a novel unsupervised entropy based reduct algorithm using rough set theory. The quality of the reduced data is evaluated using WEKA classifier tool. The proposed method is compared with an existing supervised method in order to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
SN̈AP : SyNdetic Assistance Processes

Activity recognition in intelligent environments could play a key role for supporting people in their activities of daily life. Partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) models have been used successfully, for example, to assist people with dementia when carrying out small multi-step tasks such as hand washing. POMDP models are a powerful, yet flexible framework for modeling assistance that can deal with uncertainty and utility in a theoretically well-justified manner. Unfortunately, POMDPs usually require a very labor intensive, manual setup procedure. This paper describes a knowledge driven method for automatically generating POMDP activity recognition and context sensitive prompting systems for a complex tasks. We call the resulting POMDP a SN̈AP (SyNdetic Assistance Process). The method starts with a psychologically justified (syndetic) description of the task and the particular environment in which it is to be carried out that can be generated from empirical data. This is then combined with a specification of the available sensors and effectors to build a working prompting system that tracks a person’s activities and learns their abilities by using sensor data as evidence in the context of the SN̈AP POMDP. The method is illustrated by building a system that prompts through the task of making a cup of tea in a real-world kitchen.
Workload Matters: A Robust Approach to Physical RDF Database Design

Recent advances in Information Extraction, Linked Data Management and the Semantic Web have led to a rapid increase in both the volume and the variety of publicly available graph-structured data. As more and more businesses start to capitalize on graphstructured data, data management systems are being exposed to workloads that are far more diverse and dynamic than what they were designed to handle. In particular, most systems rely on a workload-oblivious physical layout with a fixed-schema and are adaptive only if the changes in the schema are minor. Thus, they are unable to perform consistently well across different types of workloads. This thesis introduces fundamental techniques for supporting diverse and dynamic workloads in RDF data management systems. Instead of assuming anything about the workload upfront, these techniques allow systems to adjust their physical designs as queries are executed. This includes changing the way (i) records are clustered in the storage system, (ii) data are organized and indexed, and (iii) queries are optimized, all at runtime. The thesis proceeds with a discussion of the challenges that have been encountered in implementing these ideas in a proof-of-concept prototype called chameleon-db, and it concludes with a thorough experimental evaluation.
ADAPT: An anonymous, distributed, and active probing-based technique for detecting malicious fast-flux domains

The fast-fluxing has been used by attackers to increase the availability of malicious domains and the robustness against detection systems. Since 2008, researchers have proposed a number of methods to detect malicious fast-flux domains, however they have some common drawbacks in the system design, which are as follows: no anonymity, partial view on the domain, and unable to detect before an attack takes place. Therefore, to overcome these drawbacks, we propose a new technique called ADAPT, which enables a detection system to collect DNS information of a domain anonymously all around the globe in short period of time with less resource using Tor network. In this thesis, we have developed a prototype of ADAPT, which takes its input from domain zone files to detect in-the-wild malicious fast-flux domains. We defined a flux score formula to propose 10 new detection features. The prototype of ADAPT has scanned over 550,000 . net domains, and extracted 20 distinct features for each of the domains. By analyzing the obtained DNS dataset, we observed several new findings and confirmed some new trends reported in the previous researches. Moreover, our experimental result showed that the prototype of ADAPT has a potential to outperform the existing detection systems, with a few modifications and updates in the detection process.
Affective Adaptation to Repeated Sprint Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Protocols in Insulin-Resistant Subjects AQ 1

SAANIJOKI, T. , L. NUMMENMAA, M. KOIVUMÄKI, E. LÖYTTYNIEMI, K. K. KALLIOKOSKI, and J. C. HANNUKAINEN. Affective Adaptation to Repeated Sprint Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Protocols in Insulin-Resistant Subjects. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. , Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 00–00, 2018. Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate affective responses to repeated sessions of sprint interval training (SIT) in comparison with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in insulin-resistant subjects.Methods: Twenty-six insulin-resistant adults (age, 49 (4) yr; 10 women) were randomized into SIT (n = 13) or MICT (n = 13) groups. Subjects completed six supervised training sessions within 2 wk (SIT session, 4–6 ! 30 s all-out cycling/4-min recovery; MICT session, 40–60 min at 60% peak work load). Perceived exertion, stress, and affective state were assessed with questionnaires before, during and after each training session. Results: Perceived exertion, displeasure, and arousal were higher during the SIT compared with MICT sessions (all P G 0.01). These, however, alleviated similarly in response to SIT and MICT over the 6 d of training (all P G 0.05). SIT versus MICT exercise increased perceived stress and decreased positive affect and feeling of satisfaction acutely after exercise especially in the beginning of the intervention (all P G 0.05). These negative responses declined significantly during the training period: perceived stress and positive activation were no longer different between the training groups after the third, and satisfaction after the fifth training session (P 9 0.05). Conclusions: The perceptual and affective responses are more negative both during and acutely after SIT compared with MICT in untrained insulin-resistant adults. These responses, however, show significant improvements already within six training sessions, indicating rapid positive affective and physiological adaptations to continual exercise training, both SIT and MICT. These findings suggest that even very intense SIT is mentally tolerable alternative for untrained people with insulin resistance.
Neural reuse in the organization and development of the brain

Neural reuse is the process by which neural elements originally developed for one purpose are put to many different subsequent uses. In this brief review I will outline the role of neural reuse in the development of the brain. Special attention will be paid to elucidating and differentiating between two different mechanisms of neurocognitive development: Hebbian plasticity, the importance of which is already well known, and a neural search mechanism that supports the establishment of new functional partnerships in the brain. I describe how these two mechanisms work in concert throughout development to produce the functional architecture we observe in the adult brain; outline the evidence for the importance of neural reuse; offer suggestions for some clinical implications of neural reuse; and point to future research directions.
A prospective study to evaluate awareness about medication errors amongst health-care personnel representing North, East, West Regions of India

Background: Medication errors are prevalent in the hospital settings. To ensure the patient safety and provide better health services, medication errors should be curbed. India is still lacking the regulatory system for the control of medication errors. Therefore, a stringent regulatory set up should be established to reduce medication errors. Awareness among the health-care professionals regarding medication errors may be the major factor in the establishment of successful regulatory system. In Indian context, no study has been reported about the awareness of medication errors. Therefore, this study assessed the awareness of the health-care professionals representing North, East and West regions of India about medication errors. These health-care professionals also included the students who were in the final phase of professional courses related to health management. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire comprising of 17 questions pertaining to different aspects of medication errors was prepared. Questionnaire was distributed to 456 health-care professionals of various institutes of North, East and West India. Respondents of the questionnaire were restricted to one sitting for answering the entire questionnaire and they were not allowed to consult with anyone for the purpose of answering the questions. Data was compiled and analyzed. Results: It has been found that 18.45%, 39.48%, 14.16%, 27.9% of respondents were having excellent, good, average, poor knowledge respectively regarding the fundamentals of medication error. Knowledge regarding reporting medication errors was excellent in 56.65%, good in 22.53%, average in 09.23% and poor in 11.59% of respondents. Conclusion: The outcome of this study may be of great help in drafting the regulatory policies to curb the problem of medication errors.
Thermochron iButtons: An Inexpensive Method for Long-Term Recording of Core Body Temperature in Untethered Animals

In recent years, radiotelemetry has provided the best method for chronic recording of core body temperature in small laboratory animals. It offers high resolution with respect to both temperature and time, as well as unlimited data collection capacity, and can provide an index of locomotor activity without a running wheel or other apparatus. Disadvantages of this method include the high setup cost, the requirement of a receiver and dedicated PC, and an inability to record from multiple animals housed together. Here we report our initial experiences with an inexpensive yet effective method for studies in which chronic core temperature data are required. Thermochron iButtons (DS1921H-F50; Maxim/Dallas Semiconductor, Dallas, TX; http://www.ibutton. com) (Fig. 1B, inset) sell for less than U.S.$15 each and require only a U.S.$15 interface kit and a PC with a serial port. iButtons record temperature into internal memory so that a receiver or special caging is not required. Each iButton stores up to 2048 data points with a user-defined time interval. The temperature resolution of this version of the iButton is 0.125 °C, and its sensitivity range is 15 °C to 46 °C. Thermochron iButtons are powered by a lithium battery that should operate for at least 10 years without maintenance. They are therefore reuseable in animal experiments. To assess the iButtons’ calibration, stability of measurement over time, linearity with respect to temperature, and consistency among individual devices, we ran seven Thermochron iButtons through a sequence of five water baths ranging from 22 °C to 41 °C. The iButtons were put in a 50-mL centrifuge tube that contained 25 mL of water. The tube was placed in each bath for 2 h, then quickly moved to the next. The uncalibrated data from the seven iButtons indicate a spread of about 0.5 °C and a parallel response to rapid fluctuations in bath temperature (Fig. 1). The difference between each iButton’s reported temperature and the real temperature in the bath was consistent at all temperatures, indicating a linear relationship for all the iButtons tested. Consequently, calibration of the iButtons requires only a simple linear correction that can be determined using a single water bath in the physiologic range. Asecond test was performed to ensure the accuracy of the calibrated iButtons with respect to temperatures recorded with a Minimitter Vitalview (Bend, OR) ER 4000 transmitter. A beaker filled with water was placed on the Vitalview receiver, and an aquarium heating element was used to increase the bath temperature to around 31 °C. AVitalview transmitter and two Thermochron iButtons were placed in the water. The calibrated values obtained from the two iButtons were consistent with the temperature reported by Vitalview within 0.2 °C (data not shown).
A Stepwise Dissection of the Intracellular Fate of Cationic Cell-penetrating Peptides*

The role of endosomal acidification and retrograde transport for the uptake of the highly basic cell-penetrating peptides penetratin, Tat, and oligoarginine was investigated. The effect of a panel of drugs that interfere with discrete steps of endocytosis or Golgi-mediated transport on uptake and cellular distribution of fluorescein-labeled peptide analogues was probed by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and fluorescence spectroscopy of whole cell lysates. The analyses were carried out in MC57 fibrosarcoma cells and in HeLa cells. While MC57 fibrosarcoma cells showed some vesicular fluorescence and a pronounced cytoplasmic fluorescence, in HeLa cells little cytoplasmic fluorescence was observed. In MC57 cells the inhibitors of endosomal acidification chloroquine and bafilomycin A1 abolished the release of the peptides into the cytoplasm. Release into the cytosol preserved endosomal integrity. In addition, cellular uptake of the peptides was inhibited by brefeldin A, a compound interfering with trafficking in the trans-Golgi network. In contrast, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, a drug that stimulates the rapid retrograde movement of both Golgi stacks and trans-Golgi network to the endoplasmic reticulum, promoted a cytoplasmic localization of Tat peptides in peptide-pulsed HeLa cells. The effects of these drugs on trafficking shared characteristics with those reported for the trafficking of plant and bacterial toxins, such as cholera toxin, which reach the cytoplasm by means of retrograde transport. A sequence comparison revealed a common stretch of 8–10 amino acids with high sequence homology to the Tat peptide. The structural and functional data therefore strongly suggest a common mechanism of import for cationic cell-penetrating peptides and the toxins.
The G20210A Prothrombin Polymorphism Is not Associated with Increased Thromboembolic Risk in a Large Protein C Deficient Kindred

Summary Likelihood analysis was used to test the effect of the G20210A prothrombin mutation and the His107Pro protein C mutation (resulting from a C insertion) on thrombosis status and prothrombin level in a large kindred of French Canadian descent with type I protein C deficiency. Genotypes were available on 279 pedigree members or their spouses. Of this total, 36 pedigree members were heterozygous for the G20210A variant and one pedigree member was homozygous for G20210A, while 64 were heterozygous for the His107Pro protein C mutation. The factor V Leiden mutation (Arg506Gln) was observed in only one of 181 tested family members. Objectively verified thrombosis was present in 26 of the 279 pedigree members. Thrombosis was suspected in an additional 19 pedigree members. The transmission disequilibrium test of Spielman, 1996, as extended to pedigrees, was used to test for excess transmission of G20210A or His107Pro to thrombosis cases, with transmission of 0.5 specifying no effect. Although the His107Pro mutation was over transmitted (0.837 ± 0.075 p <0.001) to thrombosis cases in this pedigree, the G20210A variant was not (0.491 ± 0.130 NS). Measured genotype analysis was used to examine a total of 184 individuals for the relationship between prothrombin level and both the G20210A variant and thrombosis. The G20210A variant increased prothrombin level from 97 ± 2% to 124 ± 4% (p <0.0001), but thrombosis status was not associated with any additional increase in prothrombin level. Thus, in a large thrombophilic, protein C deficient kindred, with the G20210A variant present in a proportion (13%) far higher than the general Caucasian population (∼2%), neither the presence of the variant nor the plasma concentration of prothrombin were associated with increased risk for thrombosis. These findings contrast with those of others who have established the G20210A variant as a thrombophilic risk factor; and emphasize the complex nature of the multigenic pathogenesis of thrombophilia.
Particle sizing calibration with refractive index correction for light scattering optical particle counters and impacts upon PCASP and CDP data collected during the Fennec campaign

Abstract. Optical particle counters (OPCs) are used regularly for atmospheric research, measuring particle scattering cross sections to generate particle size distribution histograms. This manuscript presents two methods for calibrating OPCs with case studies based on a Passive Cavity Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (PCASP) and a Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP), both of which are operated on the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements BAe-146 research aircraft. A probability density function based method is provided for modification of the OPC bin boundaries when the scattering properties of measured particles are different to those of the calibration particles due to differences in refractive index or shape. This method provides mean diameters and widths for OPC bins based upon Mie-Lorenz theory or any other particle scattering theory, without the need for smoothing, despite the highly nonlinear and non-monotonic relationship between particle size and scattering cross section. By calibrating an OPC in terms of its scattering cross section the optical properties correction can be applied with minimal information loss, and performing correction in this manner provides traceable and transparent uncertainty propagation throughout the whole process. Analysis of multiple calibrations has shown that for the PCASP the bin centres differ by up to 30% from the manufacturer's nominal values and can change by up to approximately 20% when routine maintenance is performed. The CDP has been found to be less sensitive than the manufacturer's specification with differences in sizing of between 1.6 ± 0.8 μm and 4.7 ± 1.8 μm for one flight. Over the course of the Fennec project in the Sahara the variability of calibration was less than the calibration uncertainty in 6 out of 7 calibrations performed. As would be expected from Mie-Lorenz theory, the impact of the refractive index corrections has been found to be largest for absorbing materials and the impact on Saharan dust measurements made as part of the Fennec project has been found to be up to a factor of 3 for the largest particles measured by CDP with diameters of approximately 120 μm. In an example case, using the calibration and refractive index corrections presented in this work allowed Saharan dust measurement from the PCASP, CDP and a Cloud Imaging Probe to agree within the uncertainty of the calibration. The agreement when using only the manufacturer's specification was poor. Software tools have been developed to perform these calibrations and corrections and are now available as open source resources for the community via the SourceForge repository.