Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Constraints on Intermediate‐Depth Intraslab Stresses From Slab Geometries and Mechanisms of Double Seismic Zone Earthquakes

Double seismic zones (DSZs), parallel planes of intermediate‐depth earthquakes inside oceanic slabs, have been observed in a number of subduction zones and may be a ubiquitous feature of downgoing oceanic plates. Focal mechanism observations from DSZ earthquakes sample the intraslab stress field at two distinct depth levels within the downgoing lithosphere. A pattern of downdip compressive over downdip extensive events was early on interpreted to indicate an unbending‐dominated intraslab stress field. In the present study, we show that the intraslab stress field in the depth range of DSZs is much more variable than previously thought. Compiling DSZ locations and mechanisms from literature, we observe that the “classical” pattern of compressive over extensive events is only observed at about half of the DSZ locations around the globe. The occurrence of extensional mechanisms across both planes accounts for most other regions. To obtain an independent estimate of the bending state of slabs at intermediate depths, we compute (un)bending estimates from slab geometries taken from the slab2 compilation of slab surface depths. We find no clear global prevalence of slab unbending at intermediate depths, and the occurrence of DSZ seismicity does not appear to be limited to regions of slab (un)bending. Focal mechanism observations are frequently inconsistent with (un)bending estimates from slab geometries, which may imply that bending stresses are not always prevalent, and that other stress types such as in‐plane tension due to slab pull or shallow compression due to friction along the plate interface may also play an important role.
Normative vs. Instrumental model of police legitimacy: examining the mediation effects of fear of sanction

ABSTRACT The current study assesses the impact of fear of sanction on police legitimacy. Specifically, we examine both instrumental and normative police legitimacy by assessing the impact of procedural justice and police effectiveness as the predictor of perception of police legitimacy which ultimately leads to a sense of obligation to obey the police. Using a South Korean college sample (n = 2,188), we examine the mediation effect of fear of sanction on the antecedents of police legitimacy such as procedural justice and police effectiveness. The results indicate support for both instrumental and normative models of legitimacy, in that, procedural justice and police effectiveness were both significant predictors of perception of police legitimacy that leads to an increased sense of obligation to obey the police. However, fear of sanction failed to mediate the effects of procedural justice and police effectiveness on police legitimacy and obligation to obey.
Low-Complexity Finite Set Model Predictive Control for Split-Capacitor ANPC Inverter With Different Levels Modes and Online Model Update

In this article, an improved finite-control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) is presented for an active neutral point clamped (ANPC) topology. The considered converter significantly reduces the required power electronics components compared with other common dc-link converters, where only seven active switches, one bidirectional switch, and two floating capacitors (FCs) are employed to produce nine levels in the phase voltage. The developed FCS-MPC handles three control objectives with only one weighting factor, namely, current control, FC balancing, and NP potential stabilization, which reduces the cumbersome effort required for weighting factors coordination. In addition, the number of iterations required to identify the optimal vector is significantly reduced, which, in turn, reduces the execution time of the algorithm. The proposed control method empowers the considered converter to operate in different modes under the faulty condition of the bidirectional switch without any structure modification, which guarantees continuous operation of the converter while ensuring the balancing of FCs and dc-link capacitors in all operating modes. The sensitivity of the proposed FCS-MPC to parameter mismatch, which is a basic issue of MPC-based techniques, is tackled by employing an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to online estimate the system parameters. The proposed FCS-MPC algorithm is experimentally validated and compared with the conventional FCS-MPC method under different operating conditions.
Macroeconomic Impacts of  Global Demographic Change: The Case of Australia*

Abstract The world will experience dramatic demographic change over this century. This paper examines the impacts of the global demographic change on the Australian economy at both aggregate and sectoral levels in a global multi-region and multi-sector general equilibrium model. Using a detailed structural model, we simulate demographic shocks of six regions in the world economy as well as Australia's own demographic shock to investigate their impacts on Australian macroeconomic conditions, economic structure, and trade patterns. The results suggest that demographic change in different regions of the world economy will have different impacts on sectors in Australia depending on trade patterns between Australia and other regions. The energy, mining, and durable manufacturing sectors in Australia are the most affected. Demographic change in China, Japan, and Korea has significant negative impacts on Australia, but partly offsetting these shocks are positive demographic shocks from emerging Asia. The overall impact of the rest of the world on Australian GDP is quantitatively negligible, but the impacts on the real interest rate and trade balances are significant. Global demographic change increases Australian real interest rates in the next two decades on the assumption that emerging countries can access global capital markets and take advantage of their demographic dividends.
A method to reduce partial discharges in motor windings fed by PWM inverter

Abstract A new approach for designing ac motor windings free of partial discharges (PD) is proposed. The method consists of adding a thin conducting layer on the outer surface of the enameled wire used for building the machine winding. With this additional layer, PDs occur only in critical zones localized near the wire connections rather than randomly in the residual voids between turns. With such deterministic localizations, it is possible to reduce strongly the PD activity by adding small quantities of varnish in the determined critical zones. After studying the validity of the Paschen’s hypotheses for this application, the Paschen’s law is coupled to an electrostatic finite element analysis, for predicting the Partial Discharge Inception Voltage (PDIV), which corresponds to the electronic avalanche ignition in the air of critical zones.
A Recommended Approach to Classical Literature and Art Exhibition Activities Oriented towards Interactive Modelling

Chinese classical literature and art exhibition activities have a special role to play in improving the humanities of students. Introducing elements of classical literature into cultural activities can effectively complement the current humanities education in universities. To improve the efficiency and intelligence of classical literature and art exhibition activities, this paper proposes an interactive modelling-oriented method for recommending classical literature and art exhibition activities in response to the characteristics of existing art exhibition event management systems (AEEMS) in supporting process modelling and the interactive modelling needs of audiences. By using exhibition event segments as the recommended reference model, the process includes steps such as data preprocessing and calculating the matching degree and can recommend reasonable classical literature art exhibition events based on the art exhibition model under construction and the modelling needs of the audience. Experimental data are obtained by using a questionnaire survey method, and the experimental results show that it outperforms existing methods in terms of evaluation indicators such as accuracy, recall, and F 1 , indicating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome (TINU): A Case Series in a Tertiary Care Uveitis Setting

Background: Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) is a rare disorder typically characterized by sudden-onset non-granulomatous anterior uveitis associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). However, the prevalence and clinical features of TINU are still a matter of debate. To add information about TINU, we describe here the clinical features of a series of patients affected by TINU in a retrospective study. Methods: A total of 9358 clinical records of both adult and pediatric patients up to 21 years of age, referred to the Uveitis Center of the Sapienza University of Rome, were examined. The medical records covered a period from 1990 to 2020. Various demographic and clinical features were analyzed in patients who met the criteria for TINU. Results: Twenty-one patients with TINU were identified. TINU was classified as definite, possible, or probable by the currently recognized international criteria. The median age at diagnosis was 14 years (interquartile range 12–35). Females were predominant (15/21, 71.4%). In most cases (14/21, 66.6%), patients developed ocular disease concurrently with renal disease. The most frequent type of ocular involvement was bilateral anterior uveitis (9/21, 42.8%). In two cases, patients presented with bilateral intermediate uveitis; in three cases, they presented with bilateral or unilateral alternating posterior uveitis; and in four cases, they presented with bilateral panuveitis. In one case, the uveitis was anterior in the right eye (OD) and posterior in the left eye (OS), and two cases presented with bilateral asynchronous or unilateral alternating anterior uveitis. All patients received treatment with systemic corticosteroids and topical ocular therapy. At the end of the follow-up, a significant improvement in ocular signs and symptoms with a return to normal visual acuity was generally observed. In all patients, acute kidney injury (AKI) reverted completely and none progressed to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conclusions: Patients with TINU may often present with atypical uveitis. We suggest that patients with sudden-onset uveitis, even if not bilateral anterior, should be referred to a nephologist for an assessment of the possible presence of renal disease.
An agent-based approach to disintegrate and modularise Software Defined Networks controller

The Software Defined Network paradigm deviates from traditional networks by logically centralising and physically separating the control plane from the data plane. In this work, we present the idea of a modular, agent-based SDN controller. We first highlight issues with current SDN controller designs, followed by a description of the proposed framework. We present a prototype for our design to demonstrate the controller in action using a few common use-cases. We continue the discussion by highlighting areas that require further research.
A call for clean code to effectively communicate science

Effective coding is fundamental to the study of biology. Computation underpins most research, and reproducible science can be promoted through clean coding practices. Clean coding is crafting code design, syntax and nomenclature in a manner that maximizes the potential to communicate its intent with other scientists. However, computational biologists are not software engineers, and many of our coding practices have developed ad hoc without formal training, often creating difficult‐to‐read code for others. Hard‐to‐understand code can thus be limiting our efficiency and ability to communicate as scientists with one another. The purpose of this paper is to provide a primer on some of the practices associated with crafting clean code by synthesizing a transformative text in software engineering along with recent articles on coding practices in computational biology. We review past recommendations to provide a series of best practices that transform coding into a human‐accessible form of communication. Three common themes shared in this synthesis are the following: (a) code has value and you are responsible for its organization to enable clear communication, (b) use a formatting style to guide writing code that is easily understandable and consistent and (c) apply abstraction to emphasize important elements and declutter. While many of the provided practices and recommendations were developed with computational biologists in mind, we believe there is wider applicability to any biologist undertaking work in data management or statistical analyses. Clean code is thus a crucial step forward in resolving some of the crisis in reproducibility for science.
Development of mission control unit prototype for small class satellite payloads

In this paper, Mission Control Unit (MCU) prototype for small class satellite payloads is developed with the goal of providing schools and institutions to low cost design that could be easily integrated and augmented for mission–specific needs. Basic design platform has been developed to demonstrate the proof of concept model of MCU for small satellites by using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. Many commercial companies have emerged to cater this objective however most of them provide expensive on-the-shelf solution, therefore this paper proposed a low cost, compact platform design. This paper presents the design of payload-ready prototype unit of mission control subsystem that is built on Arduino based microcontroller with wireless transmission by using COTS components. This platform is intended mainly for educational purposes, specifically to expose high school and university students or researchers to satellite engineering concept. Other than that, it is developed to provide platform for spacecraft developers, researchers and others to test their scientific missions or perform their research with reduced costs. In addition, the end-product of this project can be used for public outreach mission involving local communities of amateur radio operators and school students. This project has produced a prototype that is compatible with 2U CubeSat platform standard, requires no external wiring with all subsystems, and can be customized to perform many mission themes over amateur radio band.
Novel Insight into the Volatile Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Crocus sativus L. Flowers

The current production system of saffron spice generates hundreds of tons of waste. Thus, the aim of this study was to value both saffron and its floral by-products as a source of natural bioactive extracts, studying the in vitro antioxidant capacity, the composition of the volatile fraction by GC-MS/MS, and the determination of crocetins esters by HPLC-PDA. Saffron stigmas and floral by-products showed a high content of polyphenols and different antioxidant properties. Floral bio-residues (tepals, stamens, and styles) presented a high concentration of anthocyanins, and stigmas had high levels of flavonoids, β-carotene, and total crocins. In stigmas, 25 different volatile components were found, with safranal the most relevant. Floral by-products volatile composition consisted of 55 compounds with varying amounts depending on the drying treatment; all the samples presented acetic acid, 2(5H)-furanone, and phenylethyl alcohol. Therefore, saffron stigmas and flower by-products represent a sustainable source of bioactive ingredients for innovative healthy food formulations.
Nanotechnology Advances in the Detection and Treatment of Cancer: An Overview

Over the last few years, progress has been made across the nanomedicine landscape, in particular, the invention of contemporary nanostructures for cancer diagnosis and overcoming complexities in the clinical treatment of cancerous tissues. Thanks to their small diameter and large surface-to-volume proportions, nanomaterials have special physicochemical properties that empower them to bind, absorb and transport high-efficiency substances, such as small molecular drugs, DNA, proteins, RNAs, and probes. They also have excellent durability, high carrier potential, the ability to integrate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds, and compatibility with various transport routes, making them especially appealing over a wide range of oncology fields. This is also due to their configurable scale, structure, and surface properties. This review paper discusses how nanostructures can function as therapeutic vectors to enhance the therapeutic value of molecules; how nanomaterials can be used as medicinal products in gene therapy, photodynamics, and thermal treatment; and finally, the application of nanomaterials in the form of molecular imaging agents to diagnose and map tumor growth.
Association between Disability and Edema Index Values in Rural Older Adult Osteosarcopenia Patients

Purpose This study analyzed the relationship between degree of disability and edema index [extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) ratio] values in a rural population of older adult patients with osteopenia, sarcopenia, or osteosarcopenia (OS). Materials and Methods This study used data from the Namgaram-2 cohort. The degree of disability was measured using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 12, and ECW/TBW ratio was calculated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Based on ECW/TBW ratio, the participants were stratified into normal (<0.391) and abnormal (≥0.391) groups, and the mean WHODAS 12 scores were compared between the two groups. Multiple regression analysis corrected for demographic factors, smoking history, hypertension, diabetes, and serological test results was also conducted. Results Significant differences in mean WHODAS 12 scores were observed in the healthy group (5.8±7.4 vs. 9.2±9.7, p=0.008), the osteopenia only group (7.4±8.7 vs. 12.9±12.0, p<0.001), and the OS group (16.0±13.2 vs. 23.1±17.1, p=0.004). However, no significant difference in mean WHODAS 12 score was observed in the sarcopenia only group (14.9±13.4 vs. 20.7±14.8, p= 0.051). There were significant differences in ECW/TBW ratio values between the abnormal and normal groups in the osteopenia only group (B=4.646 and p=0.001), the sarcopenia only group (B=5.097 and p=0.016), and the OS group (B=5.653 and p=0.043). Conclusion This study found that the degree of disability is related to the edema index in older patients with osteopenia, sarcopenia, or OS. Since the edema index indicates the nutritional status of an individual, proper nutrition and fluid intake are important to reduce disability.
A discrete-time linear model predictive control for motion planning of an autonomous vehicle with adaptive cruise control and obstacle overtaking

Motion planners for autonomous driving improve traffic safety through collision-free motion generation along the path. However, conventional motion planners render passengers uncomfortable as a result of jerky motion. To overcome this, we propose a model predictive control (MPC) based motion planner that not only ensures safety but also improves driving comfort. The proposed planner generates path tracking and collision-free maneuvers to ensure safety, and improve driving comfort by minimizing acceleration and jerk. Collision-free maneuvers include vehicle following and overtaking. The target speed is determined by comprehensively considering path tracking performance improvement and whether overtaking is possible. The speed of the vehicle is controlled by considering longitudinal acceleration and jerk minimization. The steering command is determined by considering both path tracking error reduction, and lateral acceleration and jerk minimization. In cases where vehicle overtaking is required and during high-speed driving conditions, the consideration of lateral acceleration and jerk minimization increases to improve driving comfort. The proposed planner is formulated as a convex optimization problem. The effectiveness of the proposed planner was evaluated in path tracking and collision avoidance simulations. The simulation results confirm that the proposed planner ensures vehicle safety through lane keeping and collision avoidance, and improves driving comfort.
Isolation and characterization of IbAE7-like 1 gene encoding the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly pathway in response to skinning injury in sweetpotato

Abstract. Effendy J. 2022. Isolation and characterization of IbAE7-like 1 gene encoding the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly pathway in response to skinning injury in sweetpotato. Biodiversitas 23: 4223-4233. Skinning injury is a major constrain in postharvest loss in sweetpotato due to the loss of skin from the surface of the roots. ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1/2 ENHANCER7(AE7) is an important cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) pathway. A partial cDNAIbI51 encoding AE7-like 1 was isolated from a skinning injury cDNA library to evaluate its potential role in response to skinning injury. The open reading frameof IbAE7-like 1 consisted of 324 nucleotides and the deduced polypeptide sequences consistedof 108 amino acids with missing 46 amino acid residues at 5? end. The amino acid sequence ofIbAE7-like 1 shared 100% identity toAE7-like 1 previously identified in Ipomoea triloba and Ipomoea nil and 89.91-100% identity from other plants species. The findings indicated that AE7-like 1 was highly conserved in Ipomoea sp. In addition to similarity to AE7-like 1, IbAE7-like 1 also showed similarities to MIP18 (89.91-93.52%); DUF59 (91.67%); FAM96B (90.74%); and proteins with unknown function (90.74-91.67%). IbAE7-like 1 mRNA transcripts showed transient expression in response to skinning injury. The phylogenetic analysis classified IbAE7-like 1 into three main classes. This study revealed IbAE7-like 1 may play a key role in plant defense and wound repair to prevent DNA damage due to skinning injuryin storage roots of sweetpotato.
Enhancement Drip Dose Infusion Accuracy Based on Optocoupler and Microcontroller Sensor

Setting the speed of infusion drops in a manual manner is by adjusting the clamp on the infusion set, where the nurse must count the number of infusion drops in the chamber at the same time as looking at the time on the watch. This makes the setting is subjective and cannot be shown with numbers. In addition, nurses cannot monitor the infusion rate continuously. Therefore, it is necessary to enhancement the accuracy of giving infusion drops so that they can be objective and can be shown with numbers and monitor continuously. This enhancement in accuracy is done by making a instrument with an optocoupler to detect infusion drops. For processing uses an arduino microcontroller to be the speed and the volume of infusion and detects changes in the rate of infusion drops significantly. And for the display uses a OLED display and a buzzer as an indicator. The results of this instrument, it can be seen that the optocoupler can detect infusion drops in the infusion set properly. This good sensor reading has implications for accurate readings of the infusion drop rate and infusion drop volume. This enhancement in accuracy is not only for the macro drip (20 drops/cc) but also for the micro drip (60 drops/cc). The accuracy of volume readings ranges from 95-99% for the macro drip and 94.5-97% with the micro drip. And for speed accuracy ranges from 92.37-98.46%. Based from the results of this test, enhancement the accuracy of the infusion drip dose administration can be done by making a patient infusion drip dose calculator. This equipment uses an optocoupler sensor, arduino microcontroller, OLED display and buzzer. With the use of this instrument, nurses can be more accurate in regulating the rate of infusion drops given to patients and can monitor it continuously if there is a significant change in infusion rate.