Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed Low-Complexity Multi-Cell Coordinated Multicast Beamforming with Large-Scale Antennas

We consider downlink multicast beamforming in a multi-cell network with large-scale antennas. To reduce both communication and computation complexity in coordinated multicast beamforming, we propose the signal-to-leakage ratio (SLR) based coordinated multicast beamforming design to maximize the minimum SLR in the network. The SLR metric allows coordinated beamforming to be computed distributively and independently at each BS. To further reduce the complexity in obtaining the beam solution, we consider weighted maximum ratio transmission beamforming structure which transforms the multicast beamforming optimization into a weight optimization problem which is solved by the semi-definite relaxation approach. Our proposed distributed solution requires no communication or information sharing among cells and has very low computational complexity not depending on the number of antennas. Simulation shows that our proposed solution results in only a small loss to the centralized coordinated beamforming solution, but is significantly better than the non-coordinated methods.
Coordinate Methods for Accelerating ℓ∞ Regression and Faster Approximate Maximum Flow

In this paper we provide faster algorithms for approximately solving ℓ_∞ regression, a fundamental problem prevalent in both combinatorial and continuous optimization. In particular we provide an accelerated coordinate descent method which converges in k iterations at a O(1/k) rate independent of the dimension of the problem, and whose iterations can be implemented cheaply for many structured matrices. Our algorithm can be viewed as an alternative approach to the recent breakthrough result of Sherman [She17] which achieves a similar running time improvement over classic algorithmic approaches, i.e. smoothing and gradient descent, which either converge at a O(1/√k) rate or have running times with a worse dependence on problem parameters. Our running times match those of [She17] across a broad range of parameters and in certain cases, improves upon it. We demonstrate the efficacy of our result by providing faster algorithms for the well-studied maximum flow problem. We show how to leverage our algorithm to achieve a runtime of Õ(m + √ns/ε) to compute an ε-approximate maximum flow, for an undirected graph with m edges, n vertices, and where s is the squared ℓ_2 norm of the congestion of any optimal flow. As s = O(m) this yields a running time of Õ(m + √nm/ε), generically improving upon the previous best known runtime of Õ(m/ε) in [She17] whenever the graph is slightly dense. Moreover, we show how to leverage this result to achieve improved exact algorithms for maximum flow on a variety of unit capacity graphs. We achieve these results by providing an accelerated coordinate descent method capable of provably exploiting dynamic measures of coordinate smoothness for smoothed versions of ℓ_∞ regression. Our analysis leverages the structure of the Hessian of the smoothed problem via a simple bound on its trace, as well as techniques for exploiting column sparsity of the constraint matrix for faster sampling and improved smoothness estimates. We hope that the work of this paper can serve as an important step towards achieving even faster maximum flow algorithms.
Automatic Keyword Extraction Method for 3GPP Technical Standard

In the patent infringement testing work, keyword extraction for the 3GPP technology standard has been both the key point and the difficulty in the examination of communication patent. In order to improve the retrieval quality of 3GPP technical standard and reduce the labor cost. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of 3GPP technical standard, Firstly, a method based on word frequency-document entropy to extract the universal words in the 3GPP technical standard is proposed, and then the algorithm of extracting the candidate keywords based on the dependency syntax analysis tree is proposed. After filtering the candidate keywords, the position feature, the word co-occurrence feature and the context semantic feature are used to calculate the weight score of the candidate keywords, and the dynamic thresholds are calculated according to the weight score range of the candidate keywords in each technical standard. Finally, dynamic thresholds are used to determine the result. Experiments show that the method has achieved higher correct rate and recall rate than the traditional keywords extraction method, and also proves the validity of three different features when extracting different numbers of keywords.
Quantifying scattering coefficient for multiple scattering effect by combining optical coherence tomography with finite-difference time-domain simulation method

Abstract. In optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems, to precisely obtain the scattering properties of samples is an essential issue in diagnostic applications. Especially with a higher density turbid medium, the light interferes among the adjacent scatters. Combining an OCT experiment with the finite-difference time-domain simulation method, the multiple scattering effect is shown to affect the scattering properties of medium depending on the interparticle spacing. The far-field scattering phase function of scatters with various diameters was simulated to further analyze the corresponding anisotropy factors, which can be introduced into the extended Huygens-Fresnel theory to find the scattering coefficient of measured samples.
Phylogenetic Groups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Escherichia coli from Healthy Chicken in Eastern and Central Uganda

Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem in both humans and animals due to misuse and excessive use of drugs. Resistance in commensal E. coli isolates can be used to predict emergence of resistance in other gut microflora. The aim of this study is to determine the phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli from healthy chickens in Uganda. The phylogenetic grouping of 120 fecal E. coli isolates from eastern and central Uganda was derived using the triplex PCR assay and their susceptibility patterns determined by agar disc diffusion method to 5 antimicrobial drugs. Most E. coli is segregated into phylogenetic group A comprising 84%, while 12% and 4% were in groups D and B1, respectively. Similarly most E. coli from central (87%) and eastern Uganda (82%) belonged to group A. Overall, 85 (70%) of E. coli were resistant to antimicrobial drugs, of which 72/101 (70%) are in PG A, 10 of 14 (71.4%) in PG D, and 3 of 5 (60%) in PG B1. Significantly, most of the isolates in PG A from both central (66.7%) and (60.6%) eastern Uganda were resistant to one antimicrobial. Resistance to tetracycline alone or in combination with other drugs for central and eastern Uganda in PG A is 51% and 55%, respectively. Multidrug resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin or nalidixic acid was 10% and 18% in isolates from central and 10% and 12% in isolates from eastern region, respectively. Phylogenetic group A accounts for most of the E. coli in chicken from Uganda. No difference in the resistance rates between the phylogenetic groups of E. coli has been observed. The high prevalence of resistant E. coli strains from different phylogenetic groups in healthy chickens suggests antimicrobial drug selection pressure due to excessive drug in the rearing layer chickens.
Single channel speech blind separation based on genetic algorithm optimization

Blind signal separation (BSS) technology is a new research direction in the field of modern signal processing. In this paper, a single channel speech blind separation method based on time-frequency masking and genetic algorithm optimization is proposed for single-channel speech blind separation. Firstly, the mixed signal is decomposed into an Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) with different source signal characteristics by using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) algorithm to compose a new multidimensional signal, and then use the genetic algorithm based on genetic algorithm Optimization of Independent Component Analysis Method to Realize Blind Separation of Signals. The experimental results show that the method can effectively improve the efficiency and stability of the operation and obtain a good separation effect.
Two‐photon excitation and direct emission from S2 state of U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved near‐infrared dye: Application of anti‐Kasha's rule for two‐photon fluorescence imaging

In recent years, two‐photon fluorescence microscopy has gained significant interest in bioimaging. It allows the visualization of deeply buried inhomogeneities in tissues. The near‐infrared (NIR) dyes are also used for deep tissue imaging. Indocyanine green (ICG) is the only U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved exogenous contrast agent in the NIR region for clinical applications. However, despite its potential candidature, it had never been used as a two‐photon contrast agent for biomedical imaging applications. This letter provides an insight into the scope and application of the two‐photon excitation property of ICG to the second excited singlet (S2) state in aqueous solution. Furthermore, in this work, we demonstrate the two‐photon cellular imaging application of ICG using direct fluorescence emission from S2 state for the first time. Our results show that two‐photon excitation to S2 state of ICG could be achieved with approximately 790 nm wavelength of femtosecond laser, which lies in well‐known “tissue‐optical window. ” This property would enable light to penetrate much deeper in the turbid medium such as biological tissues. Thus, ICG could be used as the first FDA approved NIR exogenous contrast agent for two‐photon imaging. These findings can make remarkable influence on preclinical and clinical cell imaging.
Collaborative Sparse Hyperspectral Unmixing Using  $l_{0}$  Norm

Sparse unmixing has been applied on hyperspectral imagery popularly in recent years. It assumes that every observed signature is a linear combination of just a few spectra (end-members) from a known spectral library. However, solving the sparse unmixing problem directly (using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${l_{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm to control the sparsity of solution at a low level) is NP-hard. Most related works focus on convex relaxation methods, but the sparsity and accuracy of results cannot be well guaranteed. Under these circumstances, this paper proposes a novel algorithm termed collaborative sparse hyperspectral unmixing using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${l_{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm (CSUnL0), which aims at solving <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${l_{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> problem directly. First, it introduces a row-hard-threshold function. The row-hard-threshold function makes it possible to combine <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${l_{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm, instead of its approximate norms, with alternating direction method of multipliers. Compared with the convex relaxation methods, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${l_{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm constraint guarantees sparser and more accurate results. Moreover, the antinoise ability of CSUnL0 also gets improved. Second, CSUnL0 uses <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${l_{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm of each end-members’ abundance across the whole map as a collaborative constraint, which can take advantage of the hyperspectral data’s subspace property. The experimental results indicate that <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${l_{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm contributes to acquiring a more sparser solution and helps CSUnL0 to enhance calculation accuracy.
Axial Flux Machine Using Passive Magnetic Bearing with Axial Magnetization

Decreasing the maintenance cost and power losses in Axial Flux Permanent Magnet machine using Passive Magnet Bearing instead of mechanical ball bearing is the purpose of this paper. Two structures of Passive Magnetic Bearing are applied, and the magnetic forces and stiffness are analyzed. The best structure is selected according to the safety, mechanical consistency and economical charges. A balance point is found where the magnetic force of Passive Magnetic Bearing and magnetic force between rotor and stator structure, neutralize each other. Also, magnetic forces are investigated according to the displacements of the middle ring in Passive Magnetic Bearing and according to different air gap width between rotor and stator in the motor. According to the symmetry of Axial Flux Permanent Magnet motor, the motor is modeled using three-dimensional finite-element method. On the other hand, based on the axial symmetry around z-axis in Passive Magnetic Bearing, the bearing is modeled using two-dimensional finite-element method. These simplifications will help the calculation of the magnetic force and stiffness in the least computation time.
Dynamic controller assignment problem in software‐defined networks

In large‐scale software‐defined networks, multiple controllers need to be deployed in order to guarantee network reliability and scalability in a cooperative way, where the assignment of multiple controllers and switches is very significant and usually consists of static controller assignment and dynamic controller assignment. However, static mapping among controllers and switches is not adequately efficient and realistic due to the dynamic network traffic load. To this end, this paper pays attention to and solves the dynamic controller assignment problem. We propose an adaptive controller assignment scheme for multiple controllers, and it can dynamically adjust the number of active controllers and the mapping relationship among controllers and switches by three algorithms. (1) When some controllers are overloaded, that is, the load ratio of controllers reaches a certain level, other controllers are activated to share the load of these controllers. (2) When some controllers are lightly loaded, these controllers are deactivated to reduce the control traffic overhead and improve controller utilization. (3) To further improve network performance, the load among controllers is balanced after reassignment. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive controller assignment scheme has better performance than others in terms of flow setup time, control traffic overhead, and controller load balance, comprehensively.
Safety and tolerability of lurbinectedin (PM01183) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

Trabectedin is an FDA‐approved DNA minor groove binder that has activity against translocation‐associated sarcomas. Lurbinectedin is a next‐generation minor groove binder with preclinical activity against myeloid leukemia cells. A dose‐finding phase 1 clinical trial was performed in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with further assessment of safety and tolerability. Forty‐two patients with relapsed/refractory AML/MDS received lurbinectedin administered as a 1‐hour intravenous infusion in a 3 + 3 study design. Two dosing schedules were used: 3.5, 5, 7, or 6 mg on days 1 and 8 or 2, 3, 1, or 1.5 mg for 3 consecutive days on days 1 to 3. Three patients experienced dose‐limiting toxicities of rhabdomyolysis (grade 4), hyperbilirubinemia (grade 3), and oral herpes (grade 3) with the day 1 and 8 schedule. Otherwise, adverse events mainly consisted of gastrointestinal manifestations (n = 11), febrile neutropenia/infections (n = 4), pulmonary toxicity (n = 2), and renal failure (n = 2). The most common laboratory abnormalities observed were an increase in creatinine (93%) and anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia (100%). Overall, 33 of 42 patients (79%) had reduction in blasts in peripheral blood or bone marrow. One patient achieved a partial response and 2 patients a morphologic leukemia‐free state. Most (n = 30, 71%) were discontinued due to progressive disease. Early deaths occurred from disease‐related causes that were not attributable to lurbinectedin. Four patients with a chromosome 11q21‐23 abnormality had significantly greater bone marrow blast reduction than those without such abnormality, with decrease of 31 ± 14% (n = 4) vs 8 ± 8% (n = 16), respectively (P = .04). Overall, lurbinectedin was safe and tolerated using the schedules and dose levels tested. While no sustained remissions were observed, single‐agent lurbinectedin was transiently leukemia suppressive for some patients.
Variation in Medication Therapy Management Delivery: Implications for Health Care Policy

BACKGROUND: Medication therapy management (MTM) program evaluations have revealed mixed outcomes, with some studies finding favorable outcomes and others finding no differences between patients who received MTM versus those who did not. One possible reason for outcomes variability is differences in delivery of MTM programs. The Chronic Care Model (CCM) provides a framework for how health care organizations can improve care for the chronically ill through 6 elements: organization of health care, delivery system design, clinical information systems, decision support, self-management, and linkages to community resources. OBJECTIVE: To apply the CCM to understand variation in MTM delivery and formulate policy recommendations. METHODS: This study used a mixed-methods descriptive analysis of MTM delivery. Investigators conducted visits to a purposeful sample of MTM practices to observe MTM and interview participants. The pharmacists and staff of these practices completed a modified Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC). Pairs of investigators analyzed interview transcripts to identify themes. Demographics and ACIC scores were summarized using descriptive statistics. After analysis, investigators discussed overarching themes and policy implications organized by CCM elements. RESULTS: Seven practices participated, and 87 participants were interviewed. Based on ACIC scores, MTM patient volume, and payer mix, practices were categorized as Early Maturity Level or Later Maturity Level. From the model, organization of health care themes included whether MTM was the practice’s core competence, belief/confidence in the MTM process, lack of formal rewards, and the influence of organizational goals and external environment. Delivery system design themes pertained to the extent that MTM processes were formalized. Clinical information systems themes were the extent to which systems were influenced by payers, efficiency strategies, and the accuracy and availability of information. In considering clinical decision support themes, alert design limitations and variation in user approaches to alerts based on experience were noted. We observed strong support for patient self-management; when present, barriers were attributed to the patient, MTM provider, or payer. Referral to community resources was minimal. Numerous policy implications were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Our research identified numerous ways by which MTM delivery varies, particularly by MTM practice maturity level. These findings provide evidence for several policy changes that could be considered to optimize MTM delivery, encourage alignment with the CCM, and promote practice maturation.
Molecular evolution of umami/sweet taste receptor genes in reptiles

Sensory systems play an important role in animal survival. Changes to these systems may be critical in evolution of species in new environments. Previous studies exploring the correlation between feeding ecology and Tas1r evolution mainly focused on mammals and birds, and found that the relationship was complex. However, in reptiles, the correlation between Tas1r evolution and dietary preferences is still unclear. Here, we attempted to explore this relationship in representative species of the major groups of reptiles (turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodilians), for which the genome information is known. We first predicted the functionality (intact, partial, or defective) of Tas1r, and then related it to the feeding preferences. As a result, we identified 11 Tas1r1, 12 Tas1r2, and 12 Tas1r3 genes to be partial or intact and another 22 Tas1r genes to be absent or pseudogenized in the 19 reptiles. We found that, as it was revealed in some other vertebrate groups, no correlation existed between feeding ecology and Tas1r evolution in reptiles: genomic prediction indicated that the Tas1r genes possibly have been lost or pseudogenized in snakes, but in crocodylia and testudines Tas1r genes are either intact or partial, regardless of their feeding habits. Thus, we suggest that the driving force of Tas1r evolution in reptiles is complex, and the feeding habit of swallowing food whole without chewing or the absence of taste buds in certain species may account for the possible umami/sweet perception loss. In addition, we propose that caution should be taken when predicting gene functionality from the publicly available genome database.
Transcriptome analysis and identification of key genes involved in 1-deoxynojirimycin biosynthesis of mulberry (Morus alba L.)

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) represents one of the most commonly utilized plants in traditional medicine and as a nutritional plant used worldwide. The polyhydroxylated alkaloid 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) is the major bioactive compounds of mulberry in treating diabetes. However, the DNJ content in mulberry is very low. Therefore, identification of key genes involved in DNJ alkaloid biosynthesis will provide a basis for the further analysis of its biosynthetic pathway and ultimately for the realization of synthetic biological production. Here, two cDNA libraries of mulberry leaf samples with different DNJ contents were constructed. Approximately 16 Gb raw RNA-Seq data was generated and de novo assembled into 112,481 transcripts, with an average length of 766 bp and an N50 value of 1,392. Subsequently, all unigenes were annotated based on nine public databases; 11,318 transcripts were found to be significantly differentially regulated. A total of 38 unique candidate genes were identified as being involved in DNJ alkaloid biosynthesis in mulberry, and nine unique genes had significantly different expression. Three key transcripts of DNJ biosynthesis were identified and further characterized using RT-PCR; they were assigned to lysine decarboxylase and primary-amine oxidase genes. Five CYP450 transcripts and two methyltransferase transcripts were significantly associated with DNJ content. Overall, the biosynthetic pathway of DNJ alkaloid was preliminarily speculated.
Bearing Wear Condition Identification on Converter-fed Motors

This paper deals with the bearing wear and the early detection of possible damages in bearings of variable-speed, converter-fed electrical motors. A description covering the issue of bearing currents in converter-fed drives is presented. However, this work focuses on the practical experiences of bearing wear influence on electric motors performance. Explicit information concerning a bearing damage due to corrugation caused by electrical currents through the bearing can only be extracted by a combined analysis of the electrical and the mechanical behavior of the bearing. For this purpose systematic measurements have to be exploited, where both the electrical measurement of bearing currents and the mechanical measurement of the bearing vibration status have to be combined for determining the bearing condition state. A comparison between different vibration measurement methods provides a systematic approach enabling detection and classification of possible changes in bearings of the drive system i.e. motor and the attached load machine, in a very early state. Finally, a description of the possibilities to determine the electrical bearing load in a drive system and the correlation of its possible limit values to the mechanical bearing condition is highlighted.