Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional Safety-Relevant Wireless Communication in Automotive Battery Management Systems

Apart from other features that are not in the scope of this paper, the main role of the BMIC is to periodically measure the cell voltages and temperatures. These quantities are converted into digital form and conveyed towards a host BMS control microcontroller (MCU). The information from the BMIC is vital for calculating the state of charge and state of health. In the context of BMS, BMICs are also functional safety-relevant.
Hercules Against Data Series Similarity Search

We propose Hercules, a parallel tree-based technique for exact similarity search on massive disk-based data series collections. We present novel index construction and query answering algorithms that leverage different summarization techniques, carefully schedule costly operations, optimize memory and disk accesses, and exploit the multi-threading and SIMD capabilities of modern hardware to perform CPU-intensive calculations. We demonstrate the superiority and robustness of Hercules with an extensive experimental evaluation against state-of-the-art techniques, using many synthetic and real datasets, and query workloads of varying difficulty. The results show that Hercules performs up to one order of magnitude faster than the best competitor (which is not always the same). Moreover, Hercules is the only index that outperforms the optimized scan on all scenarios, including the hard query workloads on disk-based datasets.
Deep Learning Based Lithology Classification Using Dual-Frequency Pol-SAR Data

Lithology classification is a crucial step in the prospecting process, and polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (Pol-SAR) imagery has been extensively used for it. However, despite significant improvements in both information content of Pol-SAR imagery and advanced classification approaches, lithology classification using Pol-SAR data may not provide satisfactory classification accuracy due to high similarity of certain classes. In this paper, a novel Pol-SAR lithology classification method based on a stacked sparse autoencoder (SSAE) is proposed. By using superpixel segmentation, new features can be extracted from dual-frequency Pol-SAR data, which can increase the class separability of the input data. Then, these features and the coherency matrices are incorporated into SSAE to classify the lithology. The classification performance is evaluated on an SIR-C dataset acquired over Xinjiang, China. The experimental result shows that this method is effective for lithology classification and can improve the overall accuracy up to 98.90%.
White Matter Microstructural Abnormalities and Cognitive Functions Assessment in First versus Multiple episodes of Euthymic Bipolar Cases

Background: Recently, several studies have detected cognitive impairment and microstructural anomalies of white matter (WM) in bipolar disorder type I (BD-I). It is still unclear if these structural and cognitive anomalies in BD are progressive or static. Subjects and Methods: We investigated Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) derived fractional anisotropy (FA) and cognitive functions in 40 cases with euthymic BD I, who were subdivided into 20 cases with single episode and another 20 cases with multiple episodes, and were further compared with 20 healthy controls. Four tracts bilaterally (cingulum, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus) and three areas (left rostral anterior cingulate, right inferior frontal area, and right subgenual anterior cingulate) were studied. The findings were further correlated with cognitive functions (memory, executive functions, and sustained attention), which were assessed using Trail Making Test A and B, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, and Continuous Performance Test). Results: Cases with BD I either with a single episode or multiple episodes showed deficits than the control group in all the selected regions except right subgenual anterior cingulate in comparison to controls. Also, more deficits were found as regards cognitive functions. On the other hand, cases with many episodes had lower FA than those with a single episode regarding seven regions of interest (left and right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, left and right superior longitudinal fasciculus, left uncinate fasciculus, right cingulum, and right inferior frontal area) as well as more impairment in executive functions and sustained attention which correlated with these white matter abnormalities. Discussion and Conclusion: The present findings indicate that white matter microstructural abnormalities and cognitive functions deficits could serve as state and trait markers in cases with BD I. The detected abnormalities could affect the future in early diagnosis and intervention, thus facilitating functional recovery in cases with BD I.
Scattering and coherence phenomena in the photoionization of small molecules

Scattering, interference, and coherence phenomena are discussed for the innershell photoionization of the two showcase molecules carbon monoxide and nitrogen. The inner-shell photoionization process is studied using high resolution angle-resolved photoelectron time-of-flight spectroscopy as well as angleresolved photoelectron–photoion coincidence spectroscopy (ARPEPICO). In the latter technique, the spatial orientation of free gas-phase molecules is determined from the fragment-ion momenta measured in an ion time-of-flight spectrometer equipped with a position sensitive anode. In the heteronuclear CO molecule, the scattering of the carbon core photoelectron on the neighboring oxygen atom leads to photoelectron diffraction, which, for the first time, is studied over a wide energy range in a free gas-phase molecule. The measurement reveals a different diffraction behavior of the forward and backward scattering channels and provides the means for a direct determination of the molecular structure of a free molecule via photoelectron diffraction. It also provides direct evidence for the multiple scattering character of the so-called shape resonance, which is a prominent feature in the photoionization of small molecules. In the homonuclear N 2 molecule, the inversion symmetry of the molecule and the resulting non-locality of the core electrons lead to coherent photoelectron emission from two identical atomic sites. The two-slit nature of the emission process is demonstrated by characteristic interference patterns in the molecule frame photoelectron angular distribution of the 1 σg and 1σu core states. The transition to the symmetry-broken system of localized electrons is studied by comparing different isotope substituted species of the N 2 molecule. Isotope substitution is shown to lead to a partial localization of the non-local core hole, exhibited by a parity mixing of the outgoing photoelectron wave, if the substitution breaks the inversion symmetry of the molecule. This is the first experimental observation of such a Born-Oppenheimer forbidden isotope effect on the photoelectron spectrum of a diatomic homonuclear molecule. It demonstrates the onset of the gerade-ungerade symmetry breakdown accompanying the continuous transition from non-localization to localization and coherence to incoherence. DOKTORARBEIT D. ROLLES 1
Lecture 16: Biomixing, part 1: hitting distribution

We use a simple model described by Thiffeault & Childress (2010) and refined by Lin et al. (2011), which is convenient for visualization and for taking limits. We assume there are N swimmers in a volume V , so the number density of swimmers is n = N/V . Initially, each swimmer travels at a speed U in a uniform random direction. They keep moving along a straight path for a time τ , so that each traces out a segment of length λ = Uτ . After this a new direction is chosen randomly and uniformly, and the process repeats — each swimmer again moves along a straight path of length λ. Though far from realistic, this model captures many essential features of the system, as found by Thiffeault & Childress (2010); Lin et al. (2011) and as we’ll explore further in this paper. We will discuss later how this model could be refined. We wish to follow the displacement of an arbitrary ‘target fluid particle. ’ The swimmers are all simultaneously affecting this fluid particle, but in practice only the closest swimmers significantly displace it. It is thus convenient to introduce an imaginary ‘interaction sphere’ of radius R centered on the target fluid particle, and count the number Mt of ‘interactions,’ that is the number of times a swimmer enters this sphere. (Our treatment applies to two-dimensional systems simply by changing ‘sphere’ to ‘disk’ and ‘volume’ to ‘area.’) Figure 1 illustrates the situation. Each time a swimmer enters the interaction sphere, the target particle is displaced by some distance. We will address this in the next section and see how to sum the displacements due to many swimmers to obtain the distribution of the net displacement x. For now, let us find the distribution of Mt, the number of times a swimmer crosses the interaction sphere during a time t. The probability that the swimmer starts inside a small volume dV is dV/V , where V is the total volume. The probability of a swimmer actually starting inside the interaction sphere is then Vsph(R)/V , where Vsph(R) is the volume of a sphere of radius R. (We assume the interaction sphere fits completely within the volume V .) We define the event
Revenue Management under Reviews and Online Ratings

This article proposes a revenue management model that integrates reviews and ratings. The dependency between reviews and revenue is two-fold: the content of a review depends on the product the customer purchases, and reviews impact the demand. A complicating factor in this model is that the eﬀects of reviews are delayed, i.e., by sacriﬁcing revenue now in order to get better reviews, long-term revenue can be increased. Because the full planning problem of ﬁnding an optimal strategy for the proposed model is intractable, a novel solution methodology is proposed to solve the problem approximately by restricting the space of possible solutions to target review strategies . It is shown that target review strategies for the full problem can be found by viewing the full problem as a series of multi-objective Markov decision processes subproblems, and aiming for a target review ratio in the subproblems while optimising revenue. Numerical studies show that taking reviews into account in this manner can lead to an increase in revenue of up to 11% compared to the case where the sole objective is revenue.
In uence of Magnetic Nanoparticle Biotransformation on Contrasting E ciency and Iron Metabolism

Alexey V. Yaremenko (  aleksei.iaremenko@fulbrightmail.org ) Harvard Medical School Ivan V. Zelepukin Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Ilya N. Ivanov Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Roman O. Melikov Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Nadezhda A. Pechnikova Saint Petersburg State University Dzhuliia Sh. Dzhalilova Research Institute of Human Morphology Aziz B. Mirkasymov Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vera A. Bragina Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Maxim P. Nikitin Sirius University of Science and Technology Sergey M. Deyev Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Petr I. Nikitin National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)
Multi‐port DC–DC converter for bipolar medium voltage DC micro‐grid applications

In this study, a new bipolar DC-DC converter based on the combination of a multi-port dual active bridge and a neutral point clamp topology is proposed. This topology provides the integration of multiple renewable energy sources, with different types and capacities, to a bipolar medium voltage DC micro-grid. The main advantages of the proposed topology are its high power density and the reduced number of switches with respect to the combination of different converters. Moreover, it provides isolation which is crucial for some micro-grid power conditioning converters. The proposed converter is employed for a typical hybrid generation system consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) system, a fuel cell (FC), and a battery (BAT) considering the characteristics of each power generation system like maximum power point tracking of PV, optimum operating region of FC and over-charge/discharge of BAT. In addition, the proposed converter is simulated in different power sharing modes in MATLAB/Simulink software environment. Eventually, the theoretical and simulation analyses are validated by experimental prototype results.
Equity and well-being

concern for equity that is reflected in religious and philosophical traditions, as well as in legal institutions, both national and international. Religions from Islam to Buddhism and secular philosophical traditions from Plato to Sen have shown both a concern for equity and an aversion to absolute deprivation. In modern legal institutions, equity remains a fundamental tenet of theory and practice. That a concern with equity is so pervasive across cultures, religions, and philosophical traditions suggests that a fundamental preference for fairness is deeply rooted in human beings. We review experimental evidence showing that many people place a monetary value on “fairness” and are prepared to give up real money if they feel that a process they are involved in is unfair. Complementing this evidence are data from opinion surveys, and surveys on subjective well-being, suggesting that higher inequality in incomes is, on average, associated with lower aggregate levels of subjective well-being. An empirical link between income inequality and poverty reduction reinforces the conceptual link between the aversion to inequality and the quest to avoid absolute deprivation. We highlight the obvious fact that, if inequality falls during a growth spell, poverty generally falls by more than if inequality had not changed. We also document the less obvious fact that higherincome inequality reduces the effectiveness of future economic growth in reducing absolute income poverty.
Autonomous Control of a Micro Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Optical Flow

： An autonomous control strategy is proposed and an embedded control system architecture platform is developed for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle based on optical flow vision system. The self-motion estimation is obtained by fusing the optical flow data and data from the on-board inertial measurement unit, and then an inner-outer-loop proportion integration differentiation (PID) controller used the self-motion estimation as feedback signal. Unlike the traditional host-based control system architecture, the motion states are estimated through an onboard embedded computer and the control algorithm is operated through an onboard flight control board. Difficulty as the embedded control system architecture platform is, it is very useful for autonomous control flight. Experiment results are included to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed design
DETERMINATION OF THE FASCICLE SURFACE AREA FOR PINUS RADIATA

The fascicle surface area, both for each cluster separately and for the tree by fascicle age class, was calculated for 12 Pinus radiata trees grown under widely different soil-moisture conditions. Four surface-area models and a control method were used. A model based on the square root of the product of volume (or, alternatively, weight divided by fascicle density) and length facilitated precise surface-area determinations, the predictions departing by less than 2% from the control method. The other three models tested incurred errors of 20-50% for individual cluster estimates and 14-25% for tree estimates. Surface-area estimates were of the structural surface area, and after its definition functional surface area could be obtained as a later step.
Simple Approaches for Optimization of RT-PCR

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) converts and amplifies a single-stranded RNA template to yield abundant double-stranded DNA product (1,2,3) . RT-PCR is a powerful tool for analysis of gene expression and for characterization of RNA splice variants. RT-PCR is generally carried out as either one-step RT-PCR, in which all reagents are combined in one tube and RT and PCR are conducted sequentially in this tube (1,3) or two-step RT-PCR, in which RT and PCR are conducted sequentially in separate tubes (2) . The USB One-Step RT-PCR Kit (PN 78350), Two-Step RT-PCR Kit (PN 78355), and RT Script Kit (PN 78360) are based on M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase (4) and Taq DNA Polymerase (5) . M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase is useful in RT-PCR due to its naturally low RNase H activity (2) . The kits are designed for typical routine analyses of gene expression, based on amplification of relatively short ( ≤ 1.5 kb) RT-PCR products (Fig. 1).
The Effect of Financial Scarcity on Reinforcer Pathology: A Dyadic Developmental Examination

This study investigated the effects of experimentally manipulated scarcity on the reinforcing value of food (RRVfood) and delay discounting (DD), which, together, create reinforcer pathology (RP) among parents and offspring. A stratified sample of 106 families (53 parent/child aged 7–10 dyads & 53 parent/adolescent aged 15–17 dyads) from high- and low-income households visited our laboratory for three appointments. Each appointment included an experimental manipulation of financial gains and losses and DD and RRV tasks. The results showed that, regardless of food insecurity or condition, children had greater RP (β = 1.63, p < 0.001) than adolescents and parents. DD was largely unaffected by acute scarcity in any group, but families with food insecurity had greater DD (β = −0.09, p = 0.002) than food-secure families. Food-insecure parents with children responded to financial losses with an increase in their RRVfood (β = −0.03, p = 0.011), while food-secure parents and food-insecure parents of adolescents did not significantly change their responding based on conditions. This study replicates findings that financial losses increase the RRVfood among adults with food insecurity and extends this literature by suggesting that this is strongest for parents of children.
THE TIMING OF VOWEL AND CONSONANT GESTURES IN ITALIAN AND JAPANESE

Languages commonly described as sy_llablc-timcd, such as Italian, are perceived as having a rhythm in which each vowel is the nucleus of a rhythmic unit. In contrast, in mora—timed languages such as Japanese the basic rhythmic umt, the mora, depends on the durations of both vowels and consonants. It is proposed here that the basis for the contrast between these two types of languages is a correlation between the temporal organization of articulatory gestures for vowels and consonants and the role of vowels in the overall rhythm of a language: in syllable-timed languages, vowels have primacy over consonants, but m mom-timed languages vowels and consonants are of equal importance.
Attack e cacy by Podisus nigrispinus and Brontocoris tabidus on Thyrinteina arnobia with different pre-release strategies

Evaldo Martins Pires (  evaldo.pires@gmail.com ) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Pró Centro-Oeste. Universidade Federal de Mato Gosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop. Av. Alexandre Ferronato s/n 78555267 – Sinop, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-084X Roberta Martins Nogueira Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia. Universidade Federal de Mato Gosso, Campus Universitário de Sinop. Av. Alexandre Ferronato s/n 78555-267 – Sinop, Brazil https://orcid.org/00000002-7197-4457 José Eduardo Serrão Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Av. PH Holfs s/n 36570000 – Viçosa, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0477-4252 José Cola Zanuncio Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Av. PH Holfs s/n 36570000 – Viçosa, Brazil
SObservation of the seasonal asymmetry in the Range spread F occurrence 415 features at different longitudinal regions during low and moderate solar activity

430 A comparative study of the equatorial spread F occurrence was conducted at different longitudes during 431 2009 or 2010 and 2011 or 2013 which represents the low (LSA) and moderate (MSA) solar activity 432 periods respectively. The ionogram data were recorded at low latitude stations including Jicamarca 433 (JIC; 75.76 𝑜 W, 8.17 𝑜 S), Peru; Fortaleza (FZA; 38.52 𝑜 W, 3.73 𝑜 S), Brazil; Ilorin (ILR; 7.55 𝑜 E, 434 9.93 𝑜 N), Nigeria; Chumphon (CPN; 88.46 𝑜 E, 11 𝑜 N), Thailand and Kwajalein (KWA; 167.73 𝑜 E, 435 8.72 𝑜 N), Marshal Island. The range type spread F (RSF) occurrence was manually recorded at an hour 436 interval between 18:00 – 06:00 LT and a monthly average of the RSF occurrence was estimated for 437 each of the seasons. The observed longitudinal distribution features of the of ionospheric condition were also considered as the major factors influencing the frequency of irregularity 447 generation at these regions.The inconsistent pattern of the RSF occurrence percentage and the post- 448 sunset rise of the F layer in relation to the sunset time lag were analyzed. While the possible role of the 449 seed perturbation effect was discussed with respect to some of the peculiar features observed in the 450 longitudinal/seasonal distribution of the spread F occurrence percentage.
Death registration coverage in India: Results from nationally representative survey

To investigate the disparity and predictors of death registration in India. We used National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2019-21) data. Based on eligible household members reports, we estimated death registration coverage among 84,390 deaths in all age groups across the country. We did multilevel binary logistic regression to examine demographic and socio-demographic predictor variables of death registration at state, district, and individual levels. We used GIS software for spatial mapping of the level of death registration at the district level, disaggregated by sex. The death registration at the national level is 71%. We found that out of 707 districts in 2019, 122 and 53 districts recorded death registration levels below 40 percent among females and males, respectively. There was a considerable difference in the death registration level by sex (male-74% and female-66%). Death registration level was higher in urban areas compared to rural areas (83% vs. 66%). We found death registration level was higher among households with BPL cards (72%), bank accounts (71%) and covered with health insurance (77%). Females, rural populations, people from disadvantaged castes, poorest wealth quintile, Muslims, and not having BPL cards have a lower likelihood of death registration in India. District-level predictors were not statistically significant in the model. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the deceased are significantly associated with their death registration. We suggest periodic awareness programs on death registration procedures and facilitating easy access to death registration offices in lower-performing districts and areas among the marginalised population groups.