Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing External Aids that Support Older Pilot Performance

Communication taxes pilots' cognitive resources. External aids such as note-taking help pilots manage these demands. Morrow et al. (2003) found that note-taking eliminated age differences among pilots on a readback task compared to a no-aid condition. However, we investigated communication-only rather than multi-task environments typical of piloting. The present study compared note-taking (kneepad) with an electronic notepad positioned next to the instrument panel in a flight simulator (epad). The epad may be easier to coordinate with concurrent tasks because it is more integrated with flight instruments. Six older and six younger pilots used these aids to respond to ATC messages in a flight simulator. Readback accuracy was higher when pilots used either aid compared to a no-aid condition. The pattern of results suggested a smaller age difference in the aid than in the no-aid conditions. The results replicate the earlier finding of note-taking benefits and extend them to the novel epad.
Secrecy Sustain Broadcast Assessment for Collective Information in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing could be a mode of method that shares computing resources considerably than enclose native servers or personal devices to regulate productions. Cloud information storage has varied compensations over native info storage. Client will transmit their info on cloud and retrieve those uploaded information from anytime and anyplace with none further burden. It condenses value by assign computing and tortuous, storage resources with associate on command provisioning mechanism counting on a forfeit use business type. The User doesn’t ought to agonize concerning storage and maintenance of cloud information. because the information is keep at the isolated place however users can get the confirmation a propos keep information. thence Cloud information storage ought to have some procedure which is able to detail storage correctness and integrity of data keep on cloud. Users will resort to a third-party auditor (TPA) to ascertain the honesty of outsourced information and be agonize gratis. TPA ought to be ready to competently audit the cloud information storage exclusive of difficult the native copy of data. Specifically, our involvement during this work are often potted because the following aspects: Stimulate the Public Auditing procedure of information storage safety in Cloud Computing and supply a privacy conserving auditing rule, i.e., our proposal supports associate exterior auditor to audit user’s outsourced info within the cloud while not learning info on the info gist. In difficult, our theme accomplish batch auditing wherever many delegated auditing trip from completely different users are often execute at the same time by the TPA.
Participant Feedback in the Evaluation of Novel Stroke Rehabilitation Technologies

Purpose: Stroke participant perspectives are used to evaluate a novel rehabilitation system employing electrical stimulation (ES) technology combined with robotic assistance and virtual reality. The broader implications of such feedback for future technological development are discussed. Method: While supported by a robot, ES was applied to the triceps and anterior deltoid muscles of 5 chronic stroke participants with upper limb impairment to assist them in completing functional, virtual reality tracking tasks. Advanced ES controllers adjusted the amount of ES applied on each attempt to improve accuracy and maximise voluntary effort. The system was evaluated in terms of participants' perspectives, expressed during a semi-structured interview, and clinical outcome measures. Results: The rehabilitation system was well accepted by participants and viewed positively, despite mixed opinions regarding effectiveness. Feedback demonstrated an alignment in participants' perceptions of reduced impairment and clinical outcomes, in which a significant (p < 0.001) mean change of 9.3 in Fugl-Meyer scores was observed. Participant feedback also provided insight into individual differences observed in clinical outcomes. From our findings six key issues regarding effectiveness, muscles trained, system flexibility and portability, possible discomfort and the value of participant perspectives emerged that may be relevant for researchers developing new rehabilitation technologies. Conclusion: Participant feedback via a semi-structured interview provided important insight into the usability and effectiveness of using this system as a platform for upper limb stroke rehabilitation.
Amino Acid Availability Determines Plant Immune Homeostasis in the Rhizosphere Microbiome

Understanding how microbiota evade and suppress host immunity is critical to our knowledge of how beneficial microbes persist in association with a host. Prior work has shown that secretion of organic acids by beneficial microbes is sufficient to suppress plant immunity. ABSTRACT Microbes possess conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are recognized by plant receptors to induce pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Despite containing the same MAMPs as pathogens, commensals thrive in the plant rhizosphere microbiome, indicating they must suppress or evade host immunity. Previous work found that bacterial-secreted gluconic acid is sufficient to suppress PTI. Here, we show that gluconic acid biosynthesis is not necessary for immunity suppression by the beneficial bacterial strain Pseudomonas simiae WCS417. We performed a forward genetic screen with EMS-mutagenized P. simiae WCS417 and a flagellin-inducible CYP71A12pro:GUS reporter as a PTI readout. We identified a loss of function mutant in ornithine carbamoyltransferase argF, which is required for ornithine conversion to arginine, that cannot suppress PTI or acidify the rhizosphere. Fungal pathogens use alkalization through production of ammonia and glutamate, and arginine biosynthetic precursors, to promote their own growth and virulence. While a ΔargF mutant has a growth defect in the rhizosphere, we found that restoring growth with exogenous arginine resulted in rhizosphere alkalization in a mutant that cannot make gluconic acid, indicating that arginine biosynthesis is required for both growth and acidification. Furthermore, blocking bacterial arginine, glutamine, or proline biosynthesis through genetic mutations or feedback inhibition by adding corresponding amino acids, resulted in rhizosphere alkalization. Untargeted metabolomics determined that ornithine, an alkaline molecule, accumulates under conditions associated with rhizosphere alkalization. Our findings show that bacterial amino acid biosynthesis contributes to acidification by preventing accumulation of ornithine and the resulting alkalization. IMPORTANCE Understanding how microbiota evade and suppress host immunity is critical to our knowledge of how beneficial microbes persist in association with a host. Prior work has shown that secretion of organic acids by beneficial microbes is sufficient to suppress plant immunity. This work shows that microbial amino acid metabolism is not only critical for growth in the plant rhizosphere microbiome, but also for regulation of plant rhizosphere pH, and, consequentially, regulation of plant immunity. We found that, in the absence of microbial glutamate and arginine metabolism, rhizosphere alkalization and microbial overgrowth occurs. Collectively, our findings suggest that, by regulating nutrient availability, plants have the potential to regulate their immune homeostasis in the rhizosphere microbiome.
A new approach to the simulation of small-signal current gains of pnpn structures

An approach to the mathematical simulation of small-signal current gains (alphas) versus frequency that respects Fulop's measuring procedure is proposed, using an arrangement close to the real measuring circuit. For this purpose, an exact 1-D mathematical model is used. The dependence of small-signal alphas on the anode current of a high power thyristor (GTO) was found to be in agreement with measurements for low anode-to-cathode voltage. >
Evaluation of Transport and Location Policies to Realize the Carbon-Free Urban Society

The Japanese Government has declared that it will become carbon-free by 2050. Urban planning to realize a carbon-free society is proposed in the context of urban transport policy, which are policies to agglomerate urban facilities and link among them by public transport. However, transport and location policies to regulate land use are afraid to generate an economic loss. It is important to evaluate not only the effects of reducing GHG emissions but also economic influence. In this paper, we built the Computable General Equilibrium and Urban Economic (CGEUE) model, which modeled the transport and location behavior of each economic agent for a detailed area explicitly. We evaluated some transport and location policies such as (1) conversion from fossil fuel vehicles to electric vehicles, (2) improvement of public transport, (3) environmental tax and (4) making city compact by using the CGEUE model. As a result, it can be concluded that the combination policy of improving the public transport policy and environmental tax is the most effective under the conditions of these simulation results.
Transverse shear response monitoring of concrete cylinder using embedded high-sensitivity ETDR sensor

Promising results have been shown in recent studies using commercial coaxial ETDR sensing cables for health monitoring application of concrete beam structures subject to bending load. Although distributed strain monitoring and crack damage detection capabilities of the sensors were demonstrated, the low signal-to-noise ratio of the sensors smears the details of the strain measurement that the ETDR signal waveform can convey. A high-sensitivity coaxial sensor prototype specifically designed for distributed strain sensing application has been recently developed in-house. It has been shown that the prototype sensor has a much superior sensitivity in terms of ETDR signal response to applied loads than commercial coaxial cable counterpart. In this paper, the effectiveness of using an embedded high-sensitivity coaxial sensor prototype to monitor transverse shear response of a concrete cylinder is investigated. Both single and double plane transverse shear tests were conducted. The test results show that the embedded high-sensitivity ETDR prototype sensor is capable of detecting the on-set as well as monitoring the growth of shear-induced crack damages in concrete cylinder specimens.
“Ztudents” on X and Y Lenses in Turkey: Views of X and Y Generation Teachers about Certain Class Properties of Gen Z High-School Students

The purpose of this study is to determine Z generation high-school students’ properties carried into class, and to reveal periodic factors and indicators for class motivations, study habits and class disrupting behaviours, according to X and Y generation teachers’ opinions. The study was in a qualitative phenomenological design. The study group was formed with multistage sampling, including criterion and disproportional quota sampling. Accordingly, 96 high-school teachers participated in the study group. The data was collected with a survey of open-ended questions and a semi-structured focus group interview. Content and descriptive analyses were used for data analysis. As a result, positive perspectives towards Z students’ properties, class motivations, studying habits, and class-disrupting behaviours were limited, whereas negative views were in the majority. Evident negative periodic factors were technology misuse, curriculum discordance, moral degeneration, and the negative indicators were weak time management, unplanned studying, improper studying, attitudinal and behavioural disorder. Z students’ properties are adversely reflected on in-class processes through mutually aggravating relations of periodic factors and behavioural indicators. X teachers had more adverse views pointing to Z students’ mostly inner properties for the negative studentship whereas, Y teachers drew attention to the disharmony between the Z cohort and educational environment.
Hormonomic Changes Driving the Negative Impact of Broomrape on Plant Host Interactions with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Belowground interactions of plants with other organisms in the rhizosphere rely on extensive small-molecule communication. Chemical signals released from host plant roots ensure the development of beneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi which in turn modulate host plant growth and stress tolerance. However, parasitic plants have adopted the capacity to sense the same signaling molecules and to trigger their own seed germination in the immediate vicinity of host roots. The contribution of AM fungi and parasitic plants to the regulation of phytohormone levels in host plant roots and root exudates remains largely obscure. Here, we studied the hormonome in the model system comprising tobacco as a host plant, Phelipanche spp. as a holoparasitic plant, and the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. Co-cultivation of tobacco with broomrape and AM fungi alone or in combination led to characteristic changes in the levels of endogenous and exuded abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinins, salicylic acid, and orobanchol-type strigolactones. The hormonal content in exudates of broomrape-infested mycorrhizal roots resembled that in exudates of infested non-mycorrhizal roots and differed from that observed in exudates of non-infested mycorrhizal roots. Moreover, we observed a significant reduction in AM colonization of infested tobacco plants, pointing to a dominant role of the holoparasite within the tripartite system.
A new technique for power-pattern synthesis in time-modulated linear arrays

The time modulation technique is utilized for the synthesis of power patterns in linear arrays. The differential evolution algorithm is employed both to shape the beam requirements and to suppress the sideband patterns. Numerical results show that the time-modulated linear array can be successfully used to synthesize power patterns and the excitation dynamic-range ratio can be reduced significantly as compared to those of conventional arrays.
PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRIC IRRIGATION PuMPING PLANTS USING VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

The constant revolutions per minute (RPM) of electric motors prevents adjusting the pump performance to match variable operating conditions, and thus the pump output is usually reduced or throttled with a valve in the discharge pipe. Variable frequency drives for electric motors have the potential to adjust the pump performance to match operating conditions by reducing motor and pump RPM. Field tests at five sites showed that the pump performance at the reduced RPM could reasonably match the throttled conditions at a reduced horsepower demand. However, pumping plants using a variable frequency drive should be operated at least 500–1,000 h per year to recoup costs.
Development and Validation of the Study Circle Model in Higher Education: The Application of Structural Equation Modeling

The study circle (Halaqah) program has been introduced by one of the Islamic universities in Malaysia to disseminate the knowledge and skills for overcoming the drawbacks and challenges among students, which is a unique system for learning. However, there has been no research conducted to evaluate the students’ motivation to involve in the study circle program. Hence the purpose of this study is to develop and validate the measurement model of study circle for assessing the students’ confirmation and motivation to involve in study circle program in higher education. A total of 200 undergraduate students were involved in the study circle program. They were from various bachelor degree programs such as Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, Economics, Engineering, Education, and Information and Communications Technology. The questionnaires’ validity was performed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The findings as analyzed by Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) revealed that the overall fit indices showed a satisfactory fit to the empirical data: χ2 (df = 86) = 184.971; p = 0.000; RMSEA = 0.068; CFI = 0.931; TLI = 0.916. The parameters were free from offending estimates. The results also contributed toward successful integration of study circle by developing and validating the measurement model of study circle in higher education. The significance of this study stands on its contribution to developing and validating the study circle model that could be applied by future researchers in the diverse context of higher education.
Risk Management and Outdoor Education: a practical approach to ensuring positive outcomes

Adventure, risk and challenge are often used to develop participants personal and leadership qualities during an outdoor education program. The exposure of participants to adventure, risk and challenge may also put them into contact with hazards that may cause negative program outcomes or result in participant or leader injury. Stress, injury and serious harm are all outcomes of an outdoor education program that has not been planned and conducted safely. Program hazards may be a result of an oversight in the program planning process or a failure to identify appropriate strategies to reduce the likelihood of, or manage incidents during the conduct of the outdoor education program. To minimise program hazards and risk of injury, outdoor educators need to be able to identify, reduce and control hazards. In most instances a practical step-by-step process for identifying potential program hazards and for documenting appropriate risk reduction and risk management strategies will assist outdoor educators in this task. This paper outlines a practical risk management process that outdoor educators may wish to use.
A unified deep neuro-fuzzy approach for COVID-19 twitter sentiment classification

Covid-19 braces serious mental health crisis across the world. Since a vast majority of the population exploit social media platforms such as twitter to exchange information, rapid collecting anf analyzing social media data to understand personal well-being and subsequently adopting adequate measures could avoid severe socio-economic damage. Sentiment analysis on twitter data is very useful to understand and identify the mental health issues. In this research, we proposed a unified deep neuro-fuzzy approach for Covid-19 twitter sentiment classification. Fuzzy logic has been a very powerful tool for twitter data analysis where approximate semantic and syntactic analysis is more relevant because correcting spelling and grammar in tweets are merely obnoxious. We conducted the experiment on three challenging COVID-19 twitter sentiment datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that fuzzy Sugeno integral based ensembled classifers succeed over individual base classifiers.
Structure and Device Characteristics of SrBi_2Ta_2O_9-Based Nonvolatile Random-Access Memories

Recently there has been a paradigm shift in nonvolatile computer memories from silicon-technology-based EEPROMs (electrically erasable, programmable read-only memories) to devices in which the stored information is coded into + and − polarizations in thin-film ferroelectric capacitors. Such devices have read and erase/rewrite speeds of the order of 1–35 ns, many orders of magnitude faster than the erase/rewrite speeds of the best EEPROMs (Table I). However, fundamental questions concerning their lifetimes had delayed full commercialization. Because ferroelectrics normally have extremely large dielectric constants, their use as nonswitching capacitors in dynamic random-access memories (DRAMs) is also rapidly evolving. The majority of studies to date have emphasized lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based capacitors for nonvolatile ferroelectric random-access memories (NVFRAMs) and barium strontium titanate-based capacitor DRAMs (see Table II).
Computing the value of security

Power systems are operated with some margin of security to ensure that the most likely losses of plant will not cause interruptions to supply. However, this security margin has a cost that may not be justified by the benefit in terms of prevention of lost load. This paper argues that the level of security could be set on the basis of a cost benefit analysis that balances the cost of operating the system against the expected outage cost. The expected outage cost is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation of the system operation in which random outages are simulated. Such a simulation should not be limited to small but relatively frequent outages but should also include major disturbances that affect a large part of the system. In order to achieve a sufficient degree of accuracy, the simulation models the actions taken to save the system during emergencies, the duration of the restoration process, and possible protection malfunctions. It is shown that sympathetic trippings due to protection malfunction can have a very significant impact on the probability of major incidents and hence on the value of security.
MLP equaliser for frequency selective time-varying channels

A multilayer perceptron based equaliser with RLS adaptation algorithm is presented. Its performance is evaluated in a communications system using GMSK modulation with a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel of six paths. A bit error rate performance comparison shows that the MLP structure has better performance than the traditional decision feedback equaliser.
Recapitalizing the Navy Through Optimized Manning and Improved Reliability

Reduced manning is the process (and the result) of removing human functions from a system while retaining or improving system operability and effectiveness. Reliability and maintainability characterize a system's operability and effectiveness. Reduced manning impacts system reliability by changing the characteristics of (1) human error associated with system operation and maintenance, (2) time to repair failed components, and (3) mean-time-between-failures (MBTF) in a reduced manning environment. Simply reducing manning without compensating for system dependence on human involvement generally has a negative impact on system maintainability. Methods to address this include (1) human-system integration design of maintenance interfaces and (2) design of operations activities that are closely related to device failures. After demonstrating reliable performance through testing and operation, ship commanders can be assured that fewer people can effectively operate and maintain Navy ships and systems.
Force and electrical Thevenin equivalent circuits and simulations for thickness mode piezoelectric transducers

A simple model is reported for thickness‐mode piezoelectric elements used as ultrasonic transducers in measurement systems. The model represents the excitation system and transducer as a Thevenin mechanical equivalent for the transmitting mode and a Thevenin electrical equivalent for the receiving mode. Computer programs based on the model have been developed, and computer simulations to study the effects of backing materials, element areas, and excitation sources are reported. The nature in which the source impedance alters the Thevenin mechanical output impedance and its importance in determining peak transmission frequency and in computing acoustic coating layers for matching was found. A total transfer improvement of 28 dB was shown for epoxy‐backed elements radiating into fluid with the transducer used as both transmitter and receiver by using high values of source and load impedances in contrast to low values. The model was found to agree closely with experimental data of a 2.7‐MHz transducer.Subjec.