Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Safety of bronchodilator reversibility test in elderly subjects: a prospective study

Introduction The reversibility test measures an increase in ventilation parameters after the administration of 400 mg of a short-acting β-agonist (SABA). It is worth noting that a typical dosage, applied as a rescue medicine for bronchospastic dyspnoea, is significantly less, i.e., 100–200 mg. Aim To assess the effects of inhaled 400 mg fenoterol (in the bronchodilator reversibility test) on the heart rate and the development of tachyarrhythmias in subjects aged 65 and above. Material and methods A total of 53 subjects (45 women) aged 77; 68–82 (median; interquartile range) in stable clinical condition were included in the study. Data including medical history, physical examinations, blood biochemistry, chest X-ray, 12-lead electrocardiogram, 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring, bronchodilator test, and echocardiography were obtained. During the Holter ECG monitoring, the bronchodilator test using 400 mg fenoterol (Berotec pMDI) was performed. Results A slight but statistically significant (p = 0.02) increase in heart rate from 71 to 75 per min (median) was noted after the administration of fenoterol. No statistically significant differences were found in the number of extrasystolic beats of either supraventricular (p = 0.42) or ventricular origin (p = 0.50). In addition, the subjects did not show any potentially dangerous arrhythmias or significant signs of coronary artery disease. However, there was a significant increase in the number of supraventricular beats in the subjects who were not taking β-blockers. Conclusions The use of 400 mg fenoterol in a bronchodilator reversibility test in elderly subjects does not entail any significant cardiovascular risk.
Isolation and characterization of Rhizobium sp. from a collar rot tolerant groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) variety

Groundnut, a major pulse crop, is prone to fungal diseases especially collar rot at seed germination and early seedling stage. In the present study, symbiotic bacteria was isolated and characterised from a collar rot resistant groundnut variety, Mallika and identified as Rhizobium pongamiae following biochemical and molecular characterization (NCBI Acc. No. MK770416). The bacterial isolate on cross inoculation, may be useful in improving crop productivity and enhancing collar rot disease tolerance in susceptible crops.
Seabird monitoring at the Thornton Bank offshore wind farm: Final displacement results after 6 years of post-construction monitoring and an explorative Bayesian analysis of common guillemot displacement using INLA

Since 2005, the Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO) has been engaged in a monitoring program aiming to study seabird displacement effects caused by offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea. Here we report our findings for the C-Power wind farm at the Thornton Bank after six years of post-con-struction monitoring. Results showed significant avoidance of the wind farm area by northern gannet, common guillemot and razorbill, these species having dropped in numbers by 98%, 60-63% and 75-80% respectively. In contrast, attraction to the wind farm could be demonstrated for her-ring and great black-backed gulls, for which our BACI models predicted a factorial change in densities of 3.8-4.9 and 5.3-6.6 respectively. Importantly, most of these effects account for the footprint area only, and were no longer noticeable in the buffer area 0.5-3 km away from the wind farm edge. Great cormorants too showed major attraction effects, amplified by the fact that the species was quasi-absent in the study area prior to wind farm construction. The effects at the Thornton Bank show striking parallels with those observed at the nearby Bligh Bank, and among European studies in general there seems good consistency in the avoidance response of gannets and auks, as well as in the attraction effects observed for great cormorants and great black-backed gulls. A major lack in understanding, however, persists when it comes to the translation of these behavioural responses into displacement impact, considered as any change in
Spatial segregation and cooperation in radially expanding microbial colonies under antibiotic stress

Antibiotic resistance in microbial communities reflects a combination of processes operating at different scales. In this work, we investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial colonies comprised of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cells undergoing range expansion under antibiotic stress. Using the opportunistic pathogen Enterococcus faecalis with plasmid-encoded β-lactamase, we track colony expansion dynamics and visualize spatial patterns in fluorescently labeled populations exposed to antibiotics. We find that the radial expansion rate of mixed communities is approximately constant over a wide range of drug concentrations and initial population compositions. Imaging of the final populations shows that resistance to ampicillin is cooperative, with sensitive cells surviving in the presence of resistant cells at otherwise lethal concentrations. The populations exhibit a diverse range of spatial segregation patterns that depend on drug concentration and initial conditions. Mathematical models indicate that the observed dynamics are consistent with global cooperation, despite the fact that β-lactamase remains cell-associated. Experiments confirm that resistant colonies provide a protective effect to sensitive cells on length scales multiple times the size of a single colony, and populations seeded with (on average) no more than a single resistant cell can produce mixed communities in the presence of the drug. While biophysical models of drug degradation suggest that individual resistant cells offer only short-range protection to neighboring cells, we show that long-range protection may arise from synergistic effects of multiple resistant cells, providing surprisingly large protection zones even at small population fractions.
THE ESCAPE OF ASTEROID DUST PARTICLES DUE TO SOLAR RADIATION

A numerical three-dimensional model of the motion of a dust particle is developed. The equations of particle motion include: the gravity of the Sun and Jupiter, the solar radiation pressure, the Poynting— Robertson drug and the solar wind. Using the developed model, the orbital evolution of dust particles which ﬂying away from the asteroids of the main belt is investigate [1]. The dependence of particle sizes and materials on the number of particles leaving the solar system is obtained.
Comparative study of clinical and functional outcome between the efficacy of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid injection in osteoarthritis of knee joint

Introduction: Platelet rich plasma (PRP), a blood-derived product rich in growth factors, is a treatment for cartilage defects. PRP's use is limited due to the lack of clinical evidence. Various studies have suggested that an injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) provides better results in early osteoarthritis. Purpose: We aimed to compare clinical and functional outcomes of using hyaluronic acid versus platelet rich plasma in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Methods: 60 patients were included in the study. 30 were treated with HA and the other 30 with PRP. The patients were evaluated 6 months after the procedure. Patients were evaluated before and after the procedure using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Range of motion was measured over time. Adverse events and patient satisfaction were also recorded. Results: Both groups presented a clinical improvement but significantly better results were seen in the group of patients receiving PRP injections as indicated by their WOMAC and VAS scores at a 12 week and 24 week follow-up. No severe adverse events were observed. Mild pain and effusion after the injection was seen in the PRP group. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings support the application of autologous PRP as a safe and effective method in the treatment of the initial stages of knee osteoarthritis. Significant clinical improvement was seen with 6 months of follow-up. More promising results need to be obtained in order to use it for low grade degeneration.
Teacher Function in Class: A Literature Review

In order to increase the role of the teacher in the teaching-learning process and student learning outcomes, the teacher is expected to be able to create an effective learning environment and be able to manage the classroom. Because class is a learning environment and is an aspect of the school environment that needs to be organized. This environment needs to be regulated and monitored so that learning activities are directed towards educational goals. A good environment is one that is challenging and stimulates students to learn, provides a sense of security and satisfaction in achieving the expected learning outcomes.
Construction of a Scale of Contemplative Practice in Higher Education: An Exploratory Study

Some scholars have formed a more expansive view of knowledge that moves beyond the cognitive notion of intellect. For example, emotional intelligence theory posits that human intelligence encompasses both cognitive and emotional competencies, providing a framework for a relatively new concept known as contemplative practice. The purposes of this study were: (a) to develop a self-report measure, the Scale of Contemplative Practice in Higher Education (SCOPE), and (b) to explore issues of validity and reliability related to the SCOPE. An extensive review of the literature, reference to personal experiences, and consultation with an expert panel were used to generate scale items. The participants were 253 educator preparation graduate students. An orthogonal exploratory factor analysis resulted in a seven-factor scale that accounted for 54.48% of the variance, although four factors evidenced low reliability. The 27-item full-scale SCOPE exhibited good internal reliability (α= .857) and test-retest reliability ( r = .879). Future exploration is recommended regarding content and construct validation as to whether contemplative practice is best viewed as a single- or multiple-factor construct.
Optimal Design of Parameters for the Nanofluid/Ultrasonic Atomization Minimal Quantity Lubrication in a Micromilling Process

Nanofluid/ultrasonic atomization minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) was used in an SKD11 steel micromilling process with ultrasonic dispersion. The nanofluid atomizer substantially improved nanofluid reunification and delivery to the cutting zone. The micromilling cutting force and temperature were used to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Normalization of the S/N in the gray relational analysis obtained a gray correlation coefficient, which is used in a fuzzy analysis to obtain a multiple performance characteristic indexes (MPCI). The MPCI is maximized by optimizing the process parameters for multiple quality characteristics and then comparing the optimized parameters with those in the MQL system. Experimental results indicate that the nanofluid parameters containing the density of nanofluid, feed rate, and distance of nozzle are the most influential control factors, while 3.617 N and 117.1 °C, respectively, are the best combination of parameters. Different lubricating methods are also compared in terms of effects on micromilling cutting force, micromilling temperature, micromilling tool wear, and surface burr. Experiments show that nanofluid multiwall carbon nanotube/ultrasonic atomization MQL obtained the best results.
First clinical experience using chlorin derivatives in Venezuela

The current study was aimed to establish the ration ale for the use of two chlorin e-6 based photosensitizers and its introduction to clinic prac tice in our country for treatment of superficial ba sal cell carcinoma using photodynamic therapy method. T he method was performed in 40 Venezuelan patients with 172 basal cell carcinomas and 2 concu rrent squamous cell carcinomas with diagnosis confirmed by histopathology. Twenty three patients with 117 lesions were treated with RADACHLORIN®, which included 115 basal cell carcino mas and 2 concurrent squamous basal cell carcinomas. Of these, 113 (98.3%) basal cell carcin omas had a complete regression as well as one of the squamous basal cell carcinoma, the other two ba sal cell carcinomas and one squamous basal cell carcinomas had a partial regression and a complete regression in a second treatment with the same drug. Seventeen patients with a total of 57 lesions were treated with PHOTOLON®, all of them showing a complete regression. The study suggests that RADA CHLORIN®-PDT and PHOTOLON®-PDT are effective treatment options for treatment of superf icial basal cell carcinoma.
An audit of patient outcomes in the management of skin tears using silicone dressings

For the first time in history, there are 11 million people aged 65 or over in the UK and 3 million people aged 80 or over (Office for National Statistics, 2014). The number of people over age 85 in the UK is predicted to double in the next 20 years and nearly treble in the next 30 years (Office for National Statistics, 2013). In the light of these facts, skin tear prevalence can be expected to escalate in line with the ageing population (Carville et al, 2007); therefore a challenge facing clinicians treating the increasing elderly population will undoubtedly be the increase in the number of skin tears. Skin tears commonly occur in individuals at the extremes of age, or in those who are critically ill or medically compromised and who require assistance with personal care (Carville et al, 2007; Payne and Martin, 1990, 1993). Patients who are dependent on others for total care needs are at the great risk. Frequently, skin tear injuries are linked to the use of wheelchairs, blunt trauma and patient transfers (Banks and Nix, 2006; Le Blanc et al, 2008). Dependent patients frequently acquire skin tears during routine activities, such as washing, dressing, repositioning and transferring, with the second highest at-risk group being independent, mobile patients. The majority of skin tears occur on lower limbs (Le Blanc et al, 2011). Patients within care homes are vulnerable to skin tears. A 2011 audit of 52 care homes with a total of 2,200 patients over a 12-week period identified 49 patients with skin tears (StephenHaynes et al, 2011). The incidence of skin tears is increasing in both the acute and community settings but the actual incidence and cost to the NHS is unknown (Stephen-Haynes et al, 2011). This is because these wounds go largely unreported, especially in the community (Malone et al, 1991; White et al, 1994), where patients may self-treat them at home or be treated by a community nurse or GP. Skin tears are under-reported in healthcare settings due to poor assessment and inadequate LINDA RAFTER Honorary Professor in the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester; and Tissue Viability Nurse Consultant, Wound Care Solutions
Typology of the Phytoplankton Community of Dohou Lake, Drinking Water Supply Source in Duékoué Town (Western Côte d’Ivoire)

The objective is to study the phytoplankton community of Dohou Lake in order to contribute to the knowledge of its ecological quality. For this purpose, monthly samplings were carried out annually between October 2017 and September 2018. The studied physicochemical parameters (Temperature, Electrical conductivity, pH, Dissolved oxygen, Transparency, Depth, Total nitrogen, Nitrate, Nitrite, Total phosphorus) varied significantly over time. During the rainy season months, Dohou Lake is influenced by high values of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, conductivity, nitrate, pH, transparency and depth. However, in the dry season, the lake is characterized by high values of temperature, nitrite, dissolved oxygen and conductivity. For the phytoplankton community, 373 phytoplankton taxa divided into 111 genera, 51 families, 24 orders, 11 classes and 7 phyla (Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Cyanobacteria, Bacillariophyta, Pyrrophyta, Chrysophyta and Xanthophyta) have been identified. Chlorophyta with 50.67% is the most represented in the taxonomic richness of the environment. Total phytoplankton densities oscillate between 100 10 5 cells / L (August) and 321 10 5 cells / L (February) with high proportions of Cyanobacteria greater than 45% during each month of the rainy season. The highest values of Shannon and Equitability diversities are observed during the dry season months.
Gaussian Processes for Hydrocarbon Depth Estimation in Forward Modeling of Seabed Logging

Seabed logging (SBL) is an application of the marine controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) technique to discover offshore hydrocarbon reservoirs underneath the seabed. This application is based on electrical resistivity contrast between hydrocarbon and its surroundings. In this paper, simulation and forward modeling were performed to estimate the hydrocarbon depths in one-dimensional (1-D) SBL data. 1-D data, consisted offset distance (input) and magnitude of electric field (output), were acquired from SBL models developed using computer simulation technology (CST) software. The computer simulated outputs were observed at various depths of hydrocarbon reservoir (250 m–2,750 m with an increment of 250 m) with frequency of 0.125 Hz. Gaussian processes (GP) was employed in the forward modeling by utilizing prior information which is electric field (E-field) at all observed inputs to provide E-field profile at unobserved/untried inputs with uncertainty quantification in terms of variance. The concept was extended for two-dimensional (2-D) model. All observations of E-field were then investigated with the 2-D forward GP model. Root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of variation (CV) were utilized to compare the acquired and modeled data at random untried hydrocarbon depths at 400 m, 950 m, 1,450 m, 2,100 m and 2,600 m. Small RMSE and CV values have indicated that developed model can fit well the SBL data at untried hydrocarbon depths. The measured variances of the untried inputs revealed that the data points (true values) were very close to the estimated values, which was 0.003 (in average). RMSEs obtained were very small as an average of 0.049, and CVs found as very reliable percentages, an average of 0.914%, which implied well fitting of the GP model. Hence, the 2-D forward GP model is believed to be capable of predicting unobserved hydrocarbon depths.
Investigation and Analysis of Diabetes

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Qingdao, analyze the correlation between diabetes and smoking, and explore the advantages of application of fasting blood glucose (FPG) combined with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the detection of diabetes mellitus. Methods: 6011 citizens who were examined in Health management center of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) in 2017 were selected as subjects for blood glucose examination. Results: The prevalence of diabetes in smokers was 13.3%, which was higher than non-smokers (8.8%). Screening of FPG combined with HbA1c increased the detection rate by 5.27% of diabetes compared with simple FPG screening. Conclusion: The incidence of diabetes is related to smoking. The screening of FPG combined with HbA1c prominently increased the detection rate compared with simply FPG for diabetes.
Investigation of Inhomogeneity in Single Crystal SiC Wafers Using C-Scan Acoustic Scanning Microscopy

In this work, C-Scan Acoustic Scanning Microscopy (ASM) is used to map the defects of three SiC samples. The acoustic images indicate that numerous defects with different shapes and area sexist in the wafers. Some of the defects have areas of more than 100,000 μm2. The number of defects ranges from 1 to 50 defects/wafer. Defect mapping is essential for defect repairing or avoidance. This work shows that ASM can locate the precise positions of the crystallographic defects, which enables defects repair and yield enhancement.
Body Mass Index and the Risk of Gallbladder Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

Objectives: To provide a quantitative assessment of the association between excess bodyweight, expressed as increased body-mass index (BMI), and the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC), we conducted an updated metaanalysis of epidemiologic studies. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases form1966 to February 2013, and the reference lists of retrieved articles. A random-effects model was used to combine study-specific results. A total of 12 cohort studies (involving 5,101 cases) and 8 case-control studies (1,013 cases and 43,591 controls) were included in the meta-analysis. Results: Overall, compared with normal weight, the summary relative risks of GBC were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.04-1.25) for overweight populations (BMI 25-30 kg/m2) and 1.56 (95% CI, 1.41-1.73) for obese (BMI >30 kg/m2) ones. Obese women had a higher risk of GBC than men did (women: RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.38-2.02, men: RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.21-1.66), and there was a significant association between overweight and GBC risk for women (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13-1.40), but not for men (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.94-1.20). In addition, subgroup analyses revealed that overweight people with smoking or alcohol consumption or in western countries were strongly associated GBC risk (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02-1.31 for smokers, RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10-1.47 for drinkers, and RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.25). Conclusions: Findings from this meta-analysis indicate that obesity is associated with an increased risk of GBC in both men and women, and overweight is associated with GBC risk only in women.
Turbulence Near the Venusian Bow Shock: Venus Express Observations

In terms of composition and size, Venus is an Earth‐like planet without a global intrinsic magnetic field. The Venusian bow shock and magnetosheath, reaching only 10% of the size of the Earth, are formed from the interaction of the solar wind with the Venusian ionosphere. Energy injection from the solar wind to the Venusian space environment can be studied at the bow shock. In this respect, we hypothesize that the spectral scaling features of magnetic fluctuations near the bow shock represent important information. Nine years (2006–2014) of Venus Express magnetic observations are used to study the spectral features of fluctuations near the bow shock over the frequency range from 0.05 to 0.3 Hz. Our results show that in terms of the spectral scaling features of magnetic fluctuations, the dayside‐nightside shock crossings exhibit a clear asymmetry. Magnetic fluctuations at the dayside shock crossings are associated with spectral indices of ~1, resembling the scaling of 1/f noise. At the nightside shock crossings, the spectral indices are closer to 3/2, resembling the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence scaling. We speculate that the noise at the dayside is the consequence of the newborn strong fluctuations near the dayside bow shock, which can mask or destroy the turbulence convected from the solar wind. The spectral scaling features of magnetic fluctuations at bow shock crossings do not exhibit solar cycle dependence. Although the fluctuations differ downstream of quasi‐parallel or quasi‐perpendicular shocks in the magnetosheath, the shock geometry has no influence on the scaling properties of fluctuations at the dayside‐nightside shocks.