Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Mortality of Cryptococcal Disease in Guatemala: Two-Year Results of a Cryptococcal Antigen Screening Program

Cryptococcal disease is an important opportunistic infection among people living with HIV. The cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) can be detected before the clinical onset of meningitis and its screening is recommended. Here, we evaluated CrAg frequency, and describe the epidemiological characteristics and mortality at 180 days in a cohort of HIV patients from Guatemala. A total of 3457 patients were screened with a CrAg lateral flow assay in serum between January 2017 and December 2018. CrAg positivity was 11.5% in patients with ≤100 CD4/mm3, 8.7% in patients with <200 CD4/mm3, and 6.3% in patients with <350 CD4/mm3. In Latin America, we estimated 9.2% CrAg positivity (IC95% 7.9–10.7%) in patients with ≤100 CD4/mm3. Among patients newly diagnosed with HIV, we estimated 4416 incident cases per year in Latin America in those with <200 CD4/mm3 and 5289 in those with <350 CD4/mm3. In addition, we calculated the burden in people not on ARV or without viral suppression and found 28,672 cases. CrAg screening should be considered in patients who have a CD4 cell count < 350 cells/mm3. Cryptococcal meningitis was associated with 30.8% mortality in Guatemala. Global access to diagnosis as well as to liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine is a priority.
Weekend–Weekday Differences in Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Spanish University Students

Daily routines may influence eating patterns; however, differences in intake on weekdays and at weekends have rarely been explored. Furthermore, these differences have not been analyzed among university students (a particularly interesting group among the younger generations). The aim of the study was to evaluate weekend–weekday variation in the Mediterranean diet among Spanish university students, while investigating the potential influence of age, gender, studies, body mass index, smoking status and physical activity status. A repeated-measurement 28-day cross-sectional observational study with self-reported dietary intake collected using the e12HR app was conducted. There were 361 participants: average age 20.6 years; 72.9% women; 58.2% students of Pharmacy; average BMI 21.9 kg/m2; 91.4% nonsmokers; 77.6% performed ≥150 min/week of physical activity. Outcome measurements were adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD) index and percentage of participants meeting recommendations for each food group on weekdays and at weekends. In all subgroups, Spanish university students’ global diet was associated with low AMD, with poorer diet quality (>12% reductions in mean scores of AMD index and >26% reductions in adequate adherence scores (≥9)) at weekends. In conclusion, weekend health behaviors of Spanish university students displayed less favorable eating behavior, making the weekend an important target for public health interventions aiming to improve dietary intake.
Stability of general asymmetric-anisotropic rotors subject to harmonic follower force

The presented work examines the stability of general rotors subject to harmonic follower force. The examined rotor consists of asymmetric Timoshenko shaft carrying asymmetric rigid disk and supported by anisotropic flexible bearings. The assumed modes method is combined with Lagrange’s equation to derive the governing equations of motion with the help of symbolic computation. The employed approach resulted in equations of motion with multi-frequency periodic coefficients, and Floquet’s method was used to determine stability boundaries of the considered rotors. After validation of the proposed mathematical model, it was employed to examine the combined effect of rotor asymmetry, support anisotropy, and rotor speed on its stability in the presence of harmonic follower force. The presented results show that the considered general rotor exhibits both subharmonic and combination instabilities, which were completely identified and investigated. Additional higher order subharmonic and combination instabilities are observed for general rotors only.
A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Performances in Physically Active Late Pre- and Early Post-Menopausal Females

Menopause accelerates increases in arterial stiffness and decreases cognitive performances. The objective of this study was to compare cognitive performances in physically active pre- and post-menopausal females and their relationship with arterial stiffness. We performed a cross-sectional comparison of blood pressure, carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and cognitive performances between physically active late pre- and early post-menopausal females. Systolic (post-menopause—pre-menopause: +6 mmHg [95% CI −1; +13], p = 0.27; ŋ2 = 0.04) and diastolic (+6 mmHg [95% CI +2; +11], p = 0.06; ŋ2 = 0.12) blood pressures, and cf-PWV (+0.29 m/s [95% CI −1.03; 1.62], p = 0.48; ŋ2 = 0.02) did not differ between groups. Post-menopausal females performed as well as pre-menopausal females on tests evaluating executive functions, episodic memory and processing speed. Group differences were observed on the computerized working memory task. Post-menopausal females had lower accuracy (p = 0.02; ŋ2 = 0.25) but similar reaction time (p = 0.70; ŋ2 < 0.01). Moreover, this performance was inversely associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms (r = −0.38; p = 0.05). These results suggest that arterial stiffness and performance on tests assessing episodic memory and processing speed and executive functions assessing inhibition and switching abilities did not differ between physically active pre- and post-menopausal females. However, post-menopausal females had lower performance on a challenging condition of a working memory task, and this difference in working memory between groups cannot be explained by increased arterial stiffness.
Three-Dimensional Immersive Photorealistic Layered Dissection of Superficial and Deep Back Muscles: Anatomical Study

Introduction The distinct anatomy of the superficial and deep back muscles is characterized by complex layered courses, fascial planes, specific vascularization, and innervation. Knowledge of these anatomical parameters is important for some surgical approaches, including lumbar disc herniation, cerebrospinal fluid fistula repair, vascularized muscle pedicle flaps, and posterior fossa extra-intracranial bypass. In the present study, we use modern techniques of three-dimensional (3D) surface scanning to help better illustrate the layered anatomy of the back muscles. Material and methods We dissected in layers the back muscles of one cadaver. Every step of the dissection was 3D scanned using a technique called photogrammetry, which allows the extraction of 3D data from 2D photographs. The 3D data were processed using Blender software, and the 3D photorealistic models were uploaded to a dedicated website for 3D visualization. This allows users to see the 3D models from every desktop or mobile device, as well as augmented (AR) and virtual reality (VR) formats. Results The photorealistic 3D models present the back muscles' anatomy in a volumetric manner, which can be visualized on any computer device. The web 3D features, including AR and VR, allow users to zoom, pan, and rotate the models, which may facilitate learning. Conclusion The technology of photorealistic surface scanning, modern 3D visualization possibilities of web-dedicated formats, as well as advances in AR and VR, have the potential to help with a better understanding of complex anatomy. We believe that this opens the field for further research in the field of medical education.
New Insights into Chemical and Biological Properties of Funicone-like Compounds

Funicone-like compounds are a homogeneous group of polyketides that, so far, have only been reported as fungal secondary metabolites. In particular, species in the genus Talaromyces seem to be the most typical producers of this group of secondary metabolites. The molecular structure of funicone, the archetype of these products, is characterized by a γ-pyrone ring linked through a ketone group to a α-resorcylic acid nucleus. This review provides an update on the current knowledge on the chemistry of funicone-like compounds, with special emphasis on their classification, occurrence, and diverse biological activities. In addition, their potential relevance as mycotoxins is discussed.
Predictive modelling of surface roughness in fused deposition modelling using data fusion

To realise high quality, additively manufactured parts, real-time process monitoring and advanced predictive modelling tools are crucial for accelerating quality assurance in additive manufacturing. While previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of physics- and model-based diagnosis and prognosis for additive manufacturing, very little research has been reported on real-time monitoring and predictive modelling of the surface roughness of additively manufactured parts. This paper presents a data fusion approach to predicting surface roughness in fused deposition modelling (FDM) processes. The predictive models are trained using random forests (RFs), support vector regression (SVR), ridge regression (RR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). A real-time monitoring system is developed to monitor the health condition of a FDM machine in real-time using multiple sensors. RFs, SVR, RR, and LASSO are demonstrated on the condition monitoring data collected from these sensors. To integrate the data sources, a feature-level data fusion method is introduced. Experimental results have shown that the predictive models trained by the machine learning algorithms are capable of predicting the surface roughness of additively manufacturing parts with very high accuracy. The prediction accuracy can be further improved using the data fusion method.
A Study on the Effect of the Club Model on the Effectiveness of College Volleyball Teaching Based on a Random Matrix Model

This paper constructs a random matrix-based teaching evaluation model for college volleyball clubs and deeply investigates the impact of a random matrix-based teaching evaluation model for college volleyball clubs on the effectiveness of college volleyball teaching. Based on random matrix theory (RMT), we analyze the data characteristics according to the single ring law. By introducing matrix Stein pairs, combined with the Laplace transform method, some concentration inequalities of random matrices are proved, and these inequalities play a very important role in the study of eigenvalues of random matrices. The random matrix model was used to analyze the changes brought by the club-based curriculum teaching to students’ physical quality, and a random matrix-based assessment model of college volleyball club teaching was proposed. The model fit test and independence test were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software, and an online survey in the form of Questionnaire Star platform was used to map the correlation between college volleyball education and club-based teaching reform with X college physical education students as the research subjects, to provide more scientific theoretical guidance for the influence of club-based teaching mode of physical education courses on the physical quality of college students.
Young People’s Views on Pornography and Their Sexual Development, Attitudes, and Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Qualitative Research

Abstract This synthesis of 30 qualitative studies examined young people’s views on pornography related to their sexual health. Synthesis revealed pornography use is considered normal by young people, reinforced by its usefulness as a tool for pleasure, information, and instruction in the absence of sufficient sexuality education. However, youth can become distressed by misogynistic, racist, homophobic, transphobic, or violent pornography content. Youth lack spaces to discuss pornography with trusted adults, leaving them to manage their use without support and potentially leading to harmful attitudes and unrealistic expectations about sex. Implications include the need for additional research and increased access to inclusive sexuality education.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN AGILE WAY

Spend your few moment to read a book even only few pages. Reading book is not obligation and force for everybody. When you don't want to read, you can get punishment from the publisher. Read a book becomes a choice of your different characteristics. Many people with reading habit will always be enjoyable to read, or on the contrary. For some reasons, this project management the agile way tends to be the representative book in this website.
Capturing Façade Diversity in Urban Settings Using an Automated Window to Wall Ratio Extraction and Detection Workflow

Measuring window to wall ratios (WWRs) is key to assessing building performance as façade apertures control the admission of light, wind and heat. However, this data is not always publicly available. This paper details a methodology for automatically extracting and rectifying street-view facade imagery while utilizing a Machine Learning model to detect WWRs with architectural generalization in mind. Although several models of detection have emerged to categorize façade features, some lack robustness when presented with greater design diversity. Hence, the training and validation process of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model utilized is centered around three main data categories; environmental conditions, design diversity and context. The results show that the proposed workflow sufficiently represents the WWRs of buildings in an area in Lisbon under varied design conditions. We find that the distribution of prediction accuracy, tested on 864 facades, shows that 72% of buildings are detected within the 10% error range.
Convergence Analysis of SART by Bregman Iteration and Dual Gradient Descent

Simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) [1, 2] is an iterative method for solving inverse problems of the form Ax = b . This type of problems arises for example in computed tomography reconstruction, when A is obtained from the discrete Radon transform. In this paper, we provide two new methods for the derivation of the SART method. Using these, we also prove in two diﬀerent ways the convergence of the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique. The ﬁrst approach uses the linearized Bregman iteration, while the second approach uses the dual gradient descent method. These novel proofs can be applied to other Landweber-like schemes such as Cimmino’s algorithm and component averaging (CAV). Furthermore the noisy case is considered and error estimate is given. Several numerical experiments for computed tomography are provided to demonstrate the convergence results in practice.
Actuator and Contact Force Modeling of an Active Soft Brace for Scoliosis

Scoliosis is an abnormality of the spinal curvature that severely affects the musculoskeletal, respiratory, and nervous systems. Conventionally, it is treated using rigid spinal braces. These braces are static, rigid, and passive in nature, and they (largely) limit the mobility of the spine, resulting in other spinal complexities. Moreover, these braces do not have precise control over how much force is being applied by them. Over-exertion of force may deteriorate the spinal condition. This article presents a novel active soft brace that allows mobility to the spine while applying controlled corrective forces that are regulated by varying the tensions in elastic bands using low-power light weight twisted string actuators (TSAs). This article focuses on the actuator and contact force modeling of the active soft brace (ASB). The actuator modeling is required to translate the twisting of string in terms of contraction of the string’s length, whereas the contact force modeling helps in estimating the net resultant force exerted by the band on the body using single point pressure/force sensors. The actuators (TSAs) are modeled as helix geometry and validated using a laser position sensor. The results showed that the model effectively tracked the position (contraction in length) with root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.7386 mm. The contact force is modeled using the belt and pulley contact model and validated by building a custom testbed. The actuator module is able to regulate the pressure in the range 0–6 Kpa, which is comparable to 0–8 Kpa pressure regulated in rigid braces. This makes it possible to verify and demonstrate the working principle of the proposed active soft brace.
A visual/IMU system for head pose estimation based on non-cooperative targets

The helmet-mounted sight is a sighting device fixed on the pilot’s helmet and becomes increasingly important in flight battles. An important premise for the helmet to perform correctly is obtaining the pilot’s head orientation. The traditional vision-based method to obtain the pilot’s head orientation relies on cooperative targets, which can be constituted by multiple LEDs embedded on the helmet. However, the installation of multiple LEDs will increase the weight of the helmet. In addition, the measurement accuracy will decline due to the complex environment interference, strong illumination, and uncertainty of the LED luminous center. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a tightly coupled visual/IMU system for head pose estimation based on non-cooperative targets. A camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) are installed on the helmet to track the head orientation. In the reconstruction phase, a binocular system is used to reconstruct the internal environment of the cockpit and build the feature points database based on structure from motion (SFM) and the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) feature descriptors. In the measurement phase, the feature points of the captured images are extracted and matched with the database to obtain the 3D world coordinates of feature points. The coordinates are directly fused with the inertial data through the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) to realize fast and accurate attitude measurement. The practical experimental platform is set up to simulate the measurement of the pilot’s head attitude. The experimental results effectively verify the feasibility of the proposed measurement system and scheme.
The impact of digital technology and Industry 4.0 on the ripple effect and supply chain risk analytics

The impact of digitalisation and Industry 4.0 on the ripple effect and disruption risk control analytics in the supply chain (SC) is studied. The research framework combines the results from two isolated areas, i.e. the impact of digitalisation on SC management (SCM) and the impact of SCM on the ripple effect control. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that connects business, information, engineering and analytics perspectives on digitalisation and SC risks. This paper does not pretend to be encyclopedic, but rather analyses recent literature and case-studies seeking to bring the discussion further with the help of a conceptual framework for researching the relationships between digitalisation and SC disruptions risks. In addition, it emerges with an SC risk analytics framework. It analyses perspectives and future transformations that can be expected in transition towards cyber-physical SCs. With these two frameworks, this study contributes to the literature by answering the questions of (1) what relations exist between big data analytics, Industry 4.0, additive manufacturing, advanced trace & tracking systems and SC disruption risks; (2) how digitalisation can contribute to enhancing ripple effect control; and (3) what digital technology-based extensions can trigger the developments towards SC risk analytics.
Physical activity, quality of life and parenting stress in children with cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are less physically active than their typically developing peers. The effects of decreased physical activity on children's quality of life (QOL) or caregiver's lives are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity, QOL, and parenting stress in children with CP. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was done in children with CP. Daily physical activity was measured over 7 days using an accelerometer (ActiGraph™). Caregivers completed the Child Health Questionnaire - Parent Form 50 and Parenting Stress Index - Short Form. Multiple regression analysis was used. RESULTS In total, data from 65 children with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-V, aged 4-13 years, were analyzed. Non-ambulatory (GMFCS IV-V) children had significantly lower activity counts and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in comparison with ambulatory (GMFCS I-II) and marginally ambulatory (GMFCS III) children. The ambulatory group had better physical QOL than the non-ambulatory group. Caregivers of the non-ambulatory or marginally ambulatory children with CP reported higher parenting stress levels than those of the ambulatory group. Time spent in MVPA and activity counts were positively associated with physical QOL in children with CP. Low activity counts and low amounts of MVPA of children with CP were significant predictors of high parenting stress. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity in children with CP is associated with children's QOL and parenting stress. These results suggest that clinicians should conduct physical activity assessment and counseling to promote physical activity.
Tunable soft lithography molds enable rapid-prototyping of multi-height channels for microfluidic large-scale integration

The micromechanical valves that are used in microfluidic large-scale integration (mLSI) technology enable automated control of (bio)chemical and cell-based assays as they can perform crucial functions such as metering, mixing, pumping, and compartmentalization. The mLSI requires flow channels with a rounded profile for leak-free valve operation (i.e. ON/OFF flow control) to execute these functions. Here, we have used the deflection of an elastomeric membrane (DEM) in two configurations; free and constrained deflection, to fabricate reusable and tunable multi-height molds that in turn lead to fabrication of valvable flow channels in an unprecedented height range (up to 220 (130) µm for free (constrained) deflection) for mLSI. The constrained deflection configuration enabled the fabrication of channels that are directly in contact with a substrate, which combines the advantages of push-down and push-up valves that are commonly used in mLSI. Compared to the use of rigid master molds, fabricated either by photolithography on silicon wafers or via other processes such as 3D printing, milling etc, the tunability advantage of the multi-height DEM molds, eliminates the requirement of a different mold for each channel height, thus increases the prototyping and device optimization efficiency. We have developed functional devices to demonstrate that our enhanced soft lithography technique is high-throughput, scalable, and reproducible. The flow of large particles (110 µm diameter) were controlled that shows the suitability of the technique for organ- or spheroid-on-a-chip applications. The electrical resistance of liquid metal in microfluidic channels is modulated with a frequency of 1 kHz, showing the potential for re-configurable electronic circuits.