Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a nanoswitch in 130 nm CMOS technology for 2.4 GHz wireless terminals

This paper proposes a transmit/receive (T/R) nanoswitch in 130 nm CMOS technology for 2.4 GHz ISM band transceivers. It exhibits 1.03-dB insertion loss, 27.57-dB isolation and a power handling capacity (P1 dB) of 36.2-dBm. It dissipates only 6.87 μW power for 1.8/0 V control voltages and is capable of switching in 416.61 ps. Besides insertion loss and isolation of the nanoswitch is found to vary by 0.1 dB and 0.9 dB, respectively for a temperature change of 125◦C. Only the transistor W/L optimization and resistive body floating technique is used for such lucrative performances. Besides absence of bulky inductors and capacitors in the schematic circuit help to attain the smallest chip area of 0.0071 mm which is the lowest ever reported in this frequency band. Therefore, simplicity and low chip area of the circuit trim down the cost of fabrication without compromising the performance issue.
Cluster Deployment System Based on Qt and xCAT in Linux

The cluster technology is used more and more widely in fields of oil exploration, aerospace engineering, biological engineering, etc, the application requirements of different type nodes make cluster system harder and harder to manage in the cluster environment. In the paper, with the conception of cluster technology, applying xCAT+shell and Qt platform in Linux, the cluster deployment system has been designed and implemented to configure and distribute centrally different types of nodes in the cluster.
Rapid simulation methodology for under-hood aero/thermal management

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has witnessed significant advances in the last half decade making it applicable to a wide range of problems in the automotive industry. The advent of unstructured grid technology, improved physical modelling capabilities such as phase change, radiation etc., have contributed to the increased use of CFD in automotive applications. In spite of the use of unstructured grids, the area of under-hood airflow and thermal simulation still requires significant amounts of time for grid generation. The paper describes a new approach which uses a Cartesian based grid system that allows for generating completed under-hood meshes within 2-3 days. In addition, discussion about using a local (body fitted grid) model to address thermal issues is presented. This represents an optimal combination of tools to obtain useful information for making engineering design decisions.
Smagorinsky Constant in Studying Smoke Exhaust in a Big Irregular Hall with Large Eddy Simulation

Large eddy simulation with the Smagorinsky subgrid-scale model is widely used for studying smoke movement and evaluating performance of smoke management systems in big construction sustainable projects in East Asia. However, there are not much validation studies on simulating smoke movement by those Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) fire models. Predicated results on smoke movement with and without operating the smoke management system depend on the Smagorinsky constant. Effect of varying the Smagorinsky constant on the predicted results is not clear and will be studied in this paper. Field tests on smoke exhaust in such a hall of length 40 m, width 11 m and height 28 m under a 2 MW methanol pool fire were taken as reference. Values of Smagorinsky constant were varied from 0.1 to 0.22 in simulating smoke exhaust in that big hall. Predicted smoke layer interface height by the CFD software Fire Dynamics Simulator with those values was justified. Results illustrated that varying the Smagorinsky constant in this range would not affect significantly the predicted smoke layer interface height. Using a value of 0.20 is reasonable in simulating smoke movement and control in big halls with irregular shapes commonly found in projects with sustainable green architectural features.
Well Test and PTA for Reservoir Characterization of Key Properties

The characterization of a reservoir is a process which starts from the beginning of the field (oil or gas) discovery and continuous to the field’s abandonment. It quantitatively or qualitatively describes the characteristics of the reservoir using data available. In the determination of key well and reservoir parameters for reservoir characterization, it is very vital to understand the flow phases and how to adequately identify them to prevent the challenge of obtaining the require parameters from a wrong phase. Thus, to successfully interpret a well test result either manually or by the use of computer aided software, we need to understand the well, reservoir and boundary models to actually match the field data. This success depends on the range and quality of pressure and rate data available and also the approach adopted for the analysis. This study adopted the method of pressure transient analysis, PTA to determine key well and reservoir parameters. A general well test work flow and the procedure for buildup test is presented. Data were obtained from Agba 8 and Ukot wells in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria and analyzed using well test analysis software ‘saphir’ to generate the damage and flow parameters around the wellbore. Result shows that Agba 8 well is a candidate well for stimulation operation due to positive skin.
Adaptive On-line State-of-available-power Prediction of Lithium-ion Batteries

This paper presents a new overall system for state-of-available-power (SoAP) prediction for a lithium-ion battery pack. The essential part of this method is based on an adaptive network architecture which utilizes both fuzzy model (FIS) and artificial neural network (ANN) into the framework of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). While battery aging proceeds, the system is capable of delivering accurate power prediction not only for room temperature, but also at lower temperatures at which power prediction is most challenging. Due to design property of ANN, the network parameters are adapted on-line to the current battery states (state-of-charge (SoC), state-of-health (SoH), temperature). SoC is required as an input parameter to SoAP module and high accuracy is crucial for a reliable on-line adaptation. Therefore, a reasonable way to determine the battery state variables is proposed applying a combination of several partly different algorithms. Among other SoC boundary estimation methods, robust extended Kalman filter (REKF) for recalibration of amp hour counters was implemented. ANFIS then achieves the SoAP estimation by means of time forward voltage prognosis (TFVP) before a power pulse occurs. The trade-off between computational cost of batch-learning and accuracy during on-line adaptation was optimized resulting in a real-time system with TFVP absolute error less than 1%. The verification was performed on a software-in-the-loop test bench setup using a 53 Ah lithium-ion cell.
The use of hybrid automata for fault-tolerant vibration control for parametric failures

The purpose of this work is to make use of hybrid automata for vibration control reconfiguration under system failures. Fault detection and isolation (FDI) filters are used to monitor an active vibration control system. When system failures occur (specifically parametric faults) the FDI filters detect and identify the specific failure. In this work we are specifically interested in parametric faults such as changes in system physical parameters; however this approach works equally well with additive faults such as sensor or actuator failures. The FDI filter output is used to drive a hybrid automaton, which selects the appropriate controller and FDI filter from a library. The hybrid automata also implements switching between controllers and filters in order to maintain optimal performance under faulty operating conditions. The biggest challenge in developing this system is managing the switching and in maintaining stability during the discontinuous switches. Therefore, in addition to vibration control, the stability associated with switching compensators and FDI filters is studied. Furthermore, the performance of two types of FDI filters is compared: filters based on parameter estimation methods and so called "Beard-Jones" filters. Finally, these simulations help in understanding the use of hybrid automata for fault-tolerant control.
Design of a new bandpass filter with sharp transition band using multilayer-technique and U-defected ground structure

A novel compact microstrip bandpass filter with sharp rejection bands is proposed. The proposed filter structure is composed of U-shape microstrip resonators, ‘U-strip’, backed by similarly shaped U-slots ‘U-defected ground structure’ (U-DGS). By controlling the electrical coupling between the U-strip and the U-DGS, the bandpass filter's stopband is optimised for better rejection. The proposed filter has low insertionloss and compact size because of the slow-wave effect. Meanwhile, sharp rejection bands induced by the presence of two transmission zeros on both sides of its passband are achieved. The measured centre frequency, bandwidth and passband insertion loss are 3.6 GHz, 40% and 0.5 dB, respectively. The simulated and measured results show good agreement and validate the proposed approach.
A Qualitative Study on Patient-Centered Care and Perception of Nurses in Primary Healthcare Practice

Background: Patient-centered care (PCC) approach has continued to gain recognition globally as the key to providing quality healthcare. However, this concept is not fully integrated into the management of primary health care (PHC) in existing nursing practice due to numerous challenges. Among these challenges is the perception of nursing on PCC in the Primary Health Care system. This study seeks to present the results of qualitative research performed at various selected PHC centers on nurses’ perceptions in PCC practice.Aim: This study aims at exploring the perception of nurses on PCC.Method: A qualitative research approach was adopted for this study. This study involved thirty local government PHC centers located in Osun State of southwest Nigeria. The sample comprised 28 female nurses and 7 male nurses. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview schedule in different sessions that were conducted on a one on one basis. Thereafter, data analysis was performed using thematic analysis and NVivo 12 software to generate themes, subthemes, and codes.Results: The findings of the study revealed a number of perceptions on PCC that were categorized into positive and negative themes. The negative themes include: Poor approach by the nurses and lack of enforcement agency. The positive themes that emerged include: Outcome-driven healthcare, valued care provider, communication to sharpen care, and driven healthcare service. In addition, the findings established a positive correlation between perception and years of working experience. 68.5 % of the participants, who had working experience in the range of 12 – 31 years, expressed a mixed perception of PCC practice. The remaining 31.5 % of the participants interviewed who had working experience in the range of 2, 6 – 11 years, expressed positive perceptions on the provision of PCC. Conclusion: From the findings of this study, there is a need for the government to enforce the utilization and provision of PCC in the PHC setting. This should be done through the provision of an enabling environment in the PHC setting. In addition, the government should provide regulations and monitoring mechanisms in the PHC institutions. Enforcement agencies should also offer opportunities for continuous training to enhance the nursing care skills of nurses to stimulate and sustain improved healthcare services. Lastly, the government should remunerate and promote nurses based on merit as another means of supporting improved healthcare service delivery by the nurses.
Towards Developing Successful E-Government Websites

Quality is a key factor to ensuring success of e-government websites. Therefore, a definition for high-quality e-government website is required, as well as, an e-government system’s quality evaluation methodology. This paper identifies quality attributes that are required to assess the quality of an e-government website, which should be considered by developers during the development of e-government applications. The primary goals are identifying, qualifying, categorizing, and ranking these factors, and then defining the interrelations among these quality factors.
Information and communication technologies in condition monitoring and maintenance

Abstract The paper presents a review of literature on application of information and communication technologies, specifically, Web and Agent Technologies in condition monitoring and maintenance of mechanical and electrical systems. In manufacturing and process plants, rarity of experts does not allow condition monitoring to realise its full potential. This led to the application of artificial intelligence and distributed artificial intelligence to condition monitoring. More recently web technology and intelligent agents have emerged as better decision support tools. Reviewed papers show that these technologies have been used in manufacturing and other sectors for integration, remote monitoring and maintenance, diagnosis and prognosis purposes.
Dynamic optimal route search algorithm for car navigation systems with preferences by dynamic programming

Optimal route search to the destination is one of the most important functions of car navigation devices. The development of road traffic infrastructure has made it possible to receive real‐time information of the traffic situation. Route search algorithms for car navigation devices make use of this information to avoid the traffic congestions. Such algorithms should find the new optimal route efficiently when the traffic situation changes. Usually, the minimum traveling time or distance is considered to define the optimal route. However, the minimum traveling time or distance is not always what the user is looking for. The user may prefer to travel on a certain route even at the cost of traveling time or distance. Car navigation devices should consider such preferences when finding the optimal route. In this paper, we propose a dynamic programming algorithm to find the optimal route considering that it should deal with the changes of the traffic situation and multiple criteria. The proposed method uses the information from the previous computation to find the new optimal route considering user preferences when the traveling time of the road section changes. The proposed method was applied to a real road network to find the optimal route. Results show that the proposed method can find the user‐preferred optimal route. Simulation results also show better calculation time of the proposed method compared to the Dijkstra algorithm. Copyright © 2010 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Variable-Rate Variable-Power MQAM for Energy Efficient Transmission over Fading Channels

Wireless communication devices are often battery-powered. Reducing energy consumption during transmission has become a major challenge. We propose an optimal adaptation scheme and a suboptimal scheme based on the continuous-power discrete-rate adaptation (CPDR) for energy efficient transmission over fading channels. In our proposed schemes, we optimize the average transmit power according to data rate of the source node and buffer level, and then we adapt the transmit rate and power according to the CPDR scheme. Simulation results show that our proposed schemes have outstanding performance on energy-saving.
Hybrid resonant inverter-based induction heating converter with CFPDM

This article proposes a 50 kHz hybrid (series–parallel) resonant inverter-based induction heating (IH) converter which is controlled with commercial frequency pulse density modulation (CFPDM). Since the hybrid resonant inverter enhances the series resonant inverter performance due to short-circuit handling capability and current gain, it has been successfully employed in IH. High power conversion efficiency and wide output power range can be obtained using CFPDM. In addition, some harmonic current problems occurred in conventional pulse density modulation because of the resonant frequency of non-smoothing filter are eliminated via CFPDM. There is no need for the application of any additional switches or passive components in CFPDM. In this article, CFPDM hybrid resonant inverter-based IH converter is modelled and the analysis of the converter is presented in detail. The operation principle of CFPDM controller is shown. In addition, the advantages of hybrid resonant inverter and CFPDM are stated. The theoretical analysis is verified via simulation and experimental studies, which are in very good agreement.
Application of Fiber Optic BOTDA Sensor for Fire Detection in a Building

Smart structures are to be possessed many functions to sense the external effects, such as seismic loads, temperature, and impact by some explosion, influenced on the safety of structures. This work was focused on the development of a sensing function of smart structures to get the temperature distribution on structures to detect fire occurrences. A fiber optic BOTDA (Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis) sensor system was developed to detect the fire occurrence by measuring the temperature distribution of a building’s exterior surfaces. This fiber optic sensor system was constructed with a laser diode and two electro-optic modulators, which made this system faster than systems using only one electro-optic modulator. The temperature distributed on an optical fiber can be measured by this fiber optic BOTDA sensor. An optical fiber, 1400 m in length, was installed on the surface of a building. Using real-time processing of the sensor system, we were able to monitor temperature distribution on the building’s surfaces, and changes in temperature distribution were also measured accurately with this fiber optic sensor.
Why the Provenance of Data Matters: Assessing Fitness for Purpose for Environmental Data

While fitness for purpose is the principle universally accepted among scientists as the correct approach to obtaining data of appropriate quality, many scientists or end-users of data are not in a position to specify exactly what quality of data are required for a specific analysis. Agencies that collect environmental observations provide data as is offering no guarantee or warranty concerning the accuracy of information contained in the data, in particular, no warranty either expressed or implied is made regarding the condition of the product or its fitness for any particular purpose. While the increasing implementation of ISO 9002 will benefit users in the future, the reality is that many of the existing databases generally contain data that were not gathered with present standards and protocols, or the same methods over the period of record. Usually, long-term records will contain observations that have been made with several different observation techniques, sometimes several locations, and frequently a progression of quality assurance and workup techniques, and these changes may not be well documented. While it is important that hydrometric and climate services focus on capturing data that are fit for their intended purpose, the burden for assessing the actual suitability for use lies entirely with the user. Some general principles for assessing fitness for purpose are proposed.
Validation of a New TVD Scheme Against Measured Pressure Waves in the Inlet and Exhaust System of a Single Cylinder Engine

Recently a new TVD scheme was presented by the authors and a comparison was made with other algorithms for two engine related test cases (the shock tube and the tapered pipe). It was shown that the new scheme combines high accuracy with exact conservation of the mass flow, even in tapered pipes. In this paper the pressure waves in the inlet and exhaust system of a single cylinder engine are measured and compared to calculations with the new algorithm. The comparison is made under motoring and firing conditions of the engine with two different external mixture formation systems (different fuels: gasoline and methane). Modifications on intake and exhaust pipe configuration clearly show their influence on the pressure wave development. The importance of the loss coefficents for the flow through the inlet and exhaust valves (mass flow coefficient) is demonstrated, A test rig has been built to obtain these coefficients under steady-state conditions as a function of valve lift and mass flow rate. It is shown that for this engine configuration the measured steady-state loss coefficients are not reliable at low valve lifts. This can be explained by the influence of the Reynolds number and the appearance of a transition zone. For all mentioned comparisons the agreement is excellent. The next phase will be to evaluate the code for multi-cylinder engines under atmospheric and turbo-charged conditions.
P‐67: Wall Voltage during Sustain Period Simulated Using an Equivalent Circuit Model for AC PDPs

The variation of the wall voltage and the wall charge during the sustain period were investigated using an equivalent circuit model for AC PDPs. Efforts of many researchers have been invested to understand the behavior of the wall charge. This paper presents an equivalent circuit model for AC PDPs consisting of capacitors and thyristors. The equivalent circuit model is based on the physical structure of the AC PDP and the I‐V characteristic of the discharge spaces. This equivalent circuit model can be easily implemented in the standard simulators such as SPICE and can easily simulate the variation of the current, charge and voltage involved in AC PDPs as the supply voltage varies. The simulated results using the equivalent circuit model in SPICE are presented and compared with the measured results.
Fatigue reliability assessment of a historic railway bridge designed by Gustave Eiffel

The evolution of the railway traffic during the last century is studied as preliminary step towards the estimation of the remaining service life of a historical bridge. The selected case study concerns the El Ourit Bridge, designed in 1889 by Gustave Eiffel and located close to the town of Tlemcen, in Algeria. A finite element model of the structure is built and the response of the bridge to train-crossing loads is numerically evaluated with the purpose of identifying the element most affected by stress variations. The Palmgren–Miner accumulation model is used to quantify the fatigue damage in this element. A limit state function based on this criterion is formulated; then, a fully probabilistic approach is adopted by assuming that the stress amplitude, the fatigue strength and the damage threshold value play the role of random variables. The obtained results are discussed in order to evaluate the residual service life of the bridge.