Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and serum c-peptide, c-peptide to glucose and c-peptide to HbA1C ratio in obese children

Amac: Obeziteye bagli gorulen metabolik sendrom, insulin direnci ve non-alkolik yagli karaciger hastaligi (NAYKH)gibi komplikasyonlar cocukluk caginda da sikligi giderek artmaktadir. Bu calismanin amaci, NAYKH ile iliskili obez cocuklarda aclik c-peptit, c-peptit-glukoz ve c-peptit-HbA1C oranlarini arastirmaktir. Yontemler: Bu vaka-kontrol calismasi Agustos-Kasim 2018 arasinda gerceklestirildi. Calismaya 40'i NAYKH ile iliskili ve 20'si NAYKH olmayan toplam 60 obez cocuk alindi. VKI> 2 z-skoru olan hastalar obez olarak kabul edildi. NAYKH’nin ultrasonografik ozellikleri, karaciger kontrasti ve ekojenitede parlaklik olarak tanimlandi. Hastalarin serum aclik c-peptit duzeyleri karsilastirildi. Bulgular: Calismaya dahil edilen 60 hastanin 37'si (%61,7) erkekti ve ortalama yas 11,9 (2,9) yildi. NAYKH'li hastalarda ortalama ALT, agirlik, BMI, bel cevresi, bel cevresi-boy orani, serum c-peptit, aclik c-peptit-glikoz orani, aclik c-peptit-HbA1C orani ve insulin seviyeleri, NAYKH olmayan obez cocuklara gore anlamli olarak daha yuksekti. (her biri icin P<0,05). Butun hastalar icinde ROC analizi ile degerlendirildiginde, NAYKH’li hastalar icin egri altindaki alan 0,70 (%95 CI: 0,725-0,955) ve c peptit kesme degeri 2,62 ng / ml (duyarlilik %60, ozgulluk %75, P=0,011) idi. Lojistik regresyon analizi ile, c-peptit seviyesi 2.62 ng / ml'den yuksek olan obez cocuklarda NAYKH riski anlamli derecede daha yuksekti (OR: 4,52 %95 CI: 1,65-3,25) (P<0,001). Sonuc: Bu calismada, NAYKH ile serum c-peptit duzeyi, c-peptit-glukoz ve c-peptit-HbA1C oranlari arasinda anlamli bir iliski bulunmustur. NAYKH hastalarinda insulin direncini belirlemede BMI, bel cevresi, bel-boy orani, HbA1c ve insulin daha iyi standart parametreler olsa da, c-peptit tarama icin pahali olmayan bir yontem olarak kullanilabilir.
Simple current control of permanent magnet synchronous machines for railway traction operating in six‐steps

: Due to the voltage limitation of the inverter DC-link of railway traction systems, six-step operations are widely used in the high-speed region to improve the voltage utilization and increase the maximum fundamental frequency. The magnitude of the output voltage fundamental harmonic reaches the maximum for six-step operations, while only the phase angle can be adjusted. This limitation makes it challenging to control the instantaneous current of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). This paper proposes a single d -axis current regulator flux-weakening control scheme to improve the current control over six-step operations of PMSM without changing the inverter output voltage modulation ratio by controlling only one degree of freedom. The voltage in six-step operations is generated by synchronous space vector pulse width modulation based on basic bus clamping strategy with an effective limitation of the switching frequency in the full-speed region. A simplified model of the current regulator is developed for the analysis and design of the controller parameters. This paper presents clear rules for entering and quitting six-step operations effectively to achieve a smooth transition between double current regulators and the single current regulator control. The numerical results are verified by experimental measurements on a 7.5 kW PMSM drive.
Real‐time implementation of distributed beamforming for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in interference channels

In this paper, we propose one‐bit feedback‐based distributed beamforming (DBF) techniques for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in interference channels where the information transfer and power transfer networks coexist in the same frequency spectrum band. In a power transfer network, multiple distributed energy transmission nodes transmit their energy signals to a single energy receiving node capable of harvesting wireless radio frequency energy. Here, by considering the Internet‐of‐Things sensor network, the energy harvesting/information decoding receivers (ERx/IRx) can report their status (which may include the received signal strength, interference, and channel state information) through one‐bit feedback channels. To maximize the amount of energy transferred to the ERx and simultaneously minimize the interference to the IRx, we developed a DBF technique based on one‐bit feedback from the ERx/IRx without sharing the information among distributed transmit nodes. Finally, the proposed DBF algorithm in the interference channel is verified through the simulations and also implemented in real time by using GNU radio and universal software radio peripheral.
A Robust 4-channel Micro-power Low-noise Neural Recording Amplifier for Hippocampal Cognitive Prosthesis

Background: Recording of electrical activity of neurons is indispensable for decoding the information in the brain. The amplitude of signals recorded by electrodes is small, and it must be amplified to the level that can be digitalized by the analog-to-digital convert (ADC). A micro-power low-noise neural recording amplifier is indispensable for implant hippocampal cognitive prosthesis. When the process turns into deep submicron, the gate leakage current of the metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor becomes larger and mismatch between devices becomes worsen. It is necessary to keep the neural amplifier robust in all process corners. Methods: The proposed circuit is a two-stage amplifier which can achieve a good trade-off between power consumption and noise. Four second-stage amplifiers share a common reference amplifier to reduce area and power consumption. A pseudo-resistor with high resistance is utilized to realize a very-low frequency high pass corner without external components. In order to minimize process variation, a bulk-compensated (BC) technique is adopted to maintain adequate tolerance in all corner case. Results: The 4-channel neural amplifier is designed and fabricated in a 40 nm standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. It achieves a mid-band gain of 54 dB, a bandwidth of 70 Hz to 7.7 kHz, a total input-referred noise of 3.2 μVrms , and a Noise Efficiency Factor (NEF) of 3.3 while consuming 4.68 µW from the 1.1 V supply. The core area of one channel is only 0.032 mm 2 . Conclusion: A 4-channel integrated neural recording amplifier chip with bias-compensated circuits is presented in this paper. Extensive simulations insure that the design is “center”. The chip layout is verified using design rules check (DRC) and layout versus schematic (LVS) design check with the help of verification tools. Test results shows that it is less sensitive to process variation and consumes less power compared with amplifier without bulk-compensated circuit. This makes the design robust and uniquely appropriate for low-power implant application.
Studies on 1,1´-(4,6-dihydroxy-1,3-phenylene)diethanone based Diesters

A series of diesters (2a-f) were synthesized from 1,1´-(4,6-dihydroxy-1,3-phenylene)diethanone (1) and evaluated for their antimicrobial actions. Resorcinol was used as a starting material for the preparation of 1,1´(4,6-dihydroxy-1,3-phenylene)diethanone (1), which was then reacted with substituted aryl acids to furnish the title compounds (2a-f). The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of 1 H-NMR, Mass and elemental analysis results. The antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration; MIC) of the title compounds was determined against some selected bacterial and fungal strains. One compound, 2c, emerged as lead compound with good antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans.
Participation Patterns of Adolescents with and without Executive Function Deficits: Parents’ Perspectives

ABSTRACT This study examines parents’ perspectives of the participation patterns (frequency, involvement, and parental desire for change) in their adolescent children’s everyday functioning with and without executive function deficit profiles. Parents of 81 adolescents (10–14) years) with executive function deficits (n = 41) and a matched group of parents of adolescents with typical development (n = 40) completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) questionnaire. The questionnaire includes the adolescents’ participation frequency and involvement in common everyday functions in three environments (home, school, and community) and parental desire for change. Parents of adolescents with executive function deficits reported that their children participated significantly less (in frequency and involvement) in many activities within each environment than parents of typically developing adolescents reported. Additional significant group differences were evident, particularly when comparing parental desires to change their adolescent children’s participation. Each environment’s characteristics regarding the structure level and different activity demands are discussed as a possible reason for these differences in participation. The challenges and complexity of raising a child with everyday functioning difficulties might be one reason for the differences in parents’ desire for change.
Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids

In recent years, several studies have indicated the impact of nanoparticles (NPs) on various properties (such as viscosity and fluid loss) of conventional drilling fluids. Our previous study with commercial iron oxide NPs indicated the potential of using NPs to improve the properties of a laboratory bentonite-based drilling fluid without barite. In the present work, iron oxide NPs have been synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The effect of these hydrophilic NPs has been evaluated in bentonite and KCl-based drilling fluids. Rheological properties at different temperatures, viscoelastic properties, lubricity, and filtrate loss were measured to study the effect of NPs on the base fluid. Also, elemental analysis of the filtrate and microscale analysis of the filter cake was performed. Results for bentonite-based fluid showed that 0.019 wt% (0.1 g) of NPs reduced the coefficient of friction by 47%, and 0.0095 wt% (0.05 g) of NPs reduced the fluid loss by 20%. Moreover, for KCl-based fluids, 0.019 wt% (0.1 g) of additive reduced the coefficient of friction by 45%, while higher concentration of 0.038 wt% (0.2 g) of NPs shows 14% reduction in the filtrate loss. Microscale analysis shows that presence of NPs in the cake structure produces a more compact and less porous structure. This study indicates that very small concentration of NPs can provide better performance for the drilling fluids. Additionally, results from this work indicate the ability of NPs to fine-tune the properties of drilling fluids.
Responsible Parasites: The Ethics of Small-scale Property Investment in the UK

ABSTRACT In UK public discourse, landlords count among the most unpopular figures. Their assumed immorality is often summarized in the image of the “parasite”. This paper draws on original ethnographic data from online communities for small-scale property investors who are also landlords, in order to explore what ethical ideas landlords themselves embrace. I argue that in the context of UK “asset-based welfare”, particularly the connection between pension provision and the property market, landlords can be seen to engage in ethical practices of “working on themselves” in order to become successful investor subjects. Next to techniques of affect management and the accumulation of “information capital”, this centrally involves eradicating in oneself ethical dispositions belonging to the waning paradigm of collectivized welfare and labour relations.
Dem and valley segmentation in remote sensing image based on region growing algorithm

Aiming at the characteristics of Dem and remote sensing images, this paper proposes a method for segmentation of Dem and remote sensing images based on region growing algorithm. First, using normalization and median filtering methods to preprocess the Dem image; secondly, setting appropriate seed points and thresholds based on the region growing algorithm to perform preliminary river recognition on the Dem image. Then, on this basis, constructing the circumscribed rectangle of the valley according to the length and width attributes of the valley. Finally, according to the valley information of Dem, we aligned, corrected and segmented the remote sensing image. The research results show that this method can realize the segmentation of valleys in Dem and remote sensing images, and provides a favorable data basis for the research of valley topography and characteristics.
MATRIX ANALYSIS OF NEURAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES FOR AUDIO SIGNAL CLASSIFICATION

Given the increased use of neural networks for various tasks in audio signal processing, this paper concentrates firstly on providing a rigorous analysis of forward and backward propagation for general network architectures. This paper concentrates on the Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) and use the basic vectorized forward propagation to derive general backpropagation equations for an MLP model with any number of hidden layers. The rules of matrix calculus are used when applying the derivatives for the chain rule and simplified equations in vector and matrix form are defined for the computation of the gradients of the error with respect to the weights of the network. The equations derived are investigated further by using examples of signal processing tasks such as the classification of audio spectra. The singular value decomposition (SVD) is applied to the weight matrices to help understand the network behaviour.
Curcumin attenuates sensorimotor deficits induced by selective neuronal loss: A study in middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model of transient ischemic stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent and major pathological stroke type. Increased systemic oxidative stress is a crucial underlying pathophysiological mechanism of ischemic stroke. In this regard, therapeutic interventions targeting oxidative stress management would be a promising avenue. Curcumin is well recognized to counteract various pathologies effectively. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of curcumin against ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced selective neuronal damage. Methodology: Present study employed an ischemic brain injury model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Wistar albino rats. Experimental groups (n=36; age-matched, female, weighing 200-240 g) were control, sham-operated, MCAO (15 min occlusion + 24 hrs. reperfusion) and curcumin-treated pre-stroke group (received curcumin 300 mg/kg body weight/day, I/P, for 30 days followed by MCAO). With the completion of the experimental protocol, sensorimotor deficits were examined by behavioral tests, including neurological deficit score, foot fault test, forelimb placing test, corner turn test, and wire hanging test. Results: Compared to MCAO rats, curcumin-treated MCAO rats showed better neurological functioning (p<0.05) as exhibited by substantial reductions in neurological score. Compared with stroke group, curcumin treated group showed better functional outcomes as displayed by improved scores in foot fault index, and forelimb placing test (p<0.01), fewer left turns (p<0.01) in corner turn test, and prolonged grip latency in wire hanging test (p<0.01). Conclusion: The present study showed that designed curcumin treatment effectively manages MCAO-induced sensorimotor dysfunction by preventing selective neuronal loss after the ischemic attack, attributed to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory potentials.
Analysis and implementation of a generalised switched‐capacitor multi‐level inverter having the lower total standing voltage

: Most of the switched capacitor multi-level inverters (SC-MLIs) are designed with a single isolated voltage source and capacitors where voltage levels are obtained by the addition of these sources only. The common problems arise in SC-MLIs are an unequal number of conducting paths, higher voltage drop across capacitors, sum of total inverter DC link voltages across the highest voltage rated switches and higher total standing voltage (TSV). The motivation of this work is to design a hybrid generalized SC-MLI with reduced components aiming to maintain a constant voltage across the capacitors, to achieve higher voltage gain with minimum components used, minimum conducting paths, lower TSV, cost-effective and an efficient inverter. A generalised SC-MLI structure is also proposed, which can multiply the voltage across the capacitors in a binary asymmetrical manner. The design parameters of the proposed hybrid SC-MLI topology are compared with the recently developed SC-MLIs in terms of the number of switches, capacitors, TSV, conducting switches and industrial components cost to prove its superiority and effectiveness of the proposed inverter. The experimental prototype of a specimen 9-level and 17-level inverters are implemented using DS1103 and the corresponding results are presented.
Parameter deviation effect study of the power generation unit on a doubly-fed induction machine-based shipboard propulsion system

To lower the difficulty of fault protection, a doubly-fed induction machine based shipboard propulsion system (DFIM-SPS) that is partially power decoupled is presented. In such an intrinsically safe SPS architecture, a synchronous generator (SG) is employed for power generation, and the accuracy of the parameters of power generation unit (PGU) plays an important role in SPS stable operation. In this paper, the PGU parameter deviations are studied to evaluate the effects on system performance. The models of salient-pole SG, type DC1A excitation system (EXS) and DFIM are illustrated first. Besides, the corresponding control scheme is explained. For the 16 important parameters of PGU, up to 40% of parameter deviations are applied to implement parameter sensitivity analysis. Then, simulation studies are carried out to evaluate the parameter deviation effects on system performance in detail. By defining three parameter deviation effect indicators (PDEIs), the effects on the PGU output variables, which are the terminal voltage and output active power, are studied. Moreover, the increasing rates of PDEIs with different degrees of parameter deviations for the key parameters are analyzed. Furthermore, the overall system performance is investigated for the two most influential PGU parameters. This paper provides some vital clues on SG and EXS parameter identification for DFIM-SPS.
Challenges in atomic layer deposition of carbon-containing silicon-based dielectrics

The authors have designed experiments to test three different approaches for the incorporation of carbon atoms into amorphous SiNx or SiO2 films grown using atomic layer deposition (ALD). In each approach, the surface reactions of the precursors were monitored in situ using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In the first approach, for depositing carbon-containing SiNx films using ALD, carbon was introduced into the process through a silicon precursor, SiCl2(CH3)2, followed by NH3 plasma exposure. While our infrared data show that SiCl2(CH3)2 reacts with an –NHx (x = 1, 2) terminated surface created after NH3 plasma exposure, –CH3 groups are eliminated in the precursor adsorption step leading to no significant carbon in the films. In the second approach, the authors hypothesized a three-step ALD process, which would involve Si-, C-, and N-containing precursors, and tested the reactivity of two carbon-containing precursors, CH3I and Al(CH3)3, with H- and Cl-terminated silic.
Toric, U(2), and LeBrun metrics

The LeBrun ansatz was designed for scalar-ﬂat K¨ahler metrics with a continuous symmetry; here we show it is generalizable to much broader classes of metrics with a symmetry. We state the conditions for a metric to be (locally) expressible in LeBrun ansatz form, the conditions under which its natural complex structure is integrable, and the conditions that produce a metric that is K¨ahler, scalar-ﬂat, or extremal K¨ahler. Second, toric K¨ahler metrics (such as the generalized Taub-NUTs) and U (2)-invariant metrics (such as the Fubini-Study or Page metrics) are certainly expressible in the LeBrun ansatz. We give general formulas for such transitions. We close the paper with examples, and ﬁnd expressions for two examples—the exceptional half-plane metric and the Page metric—in terms of the LeBrun ansatz. segundo lugar, m´etricas t´oricas K¨ahler (tales como las Taub-NUT generalizadas) y m´etricas U (2)-invariantes (tales como la m´etrica de Fubini-Study o la de Page) son ciertamente expresables en el ansatz de LeBrun. Damos f´ormulas generales para tales transiciones. Concluimos el art´ıculo con ejemplos, y encontramos expresiones para dos ejemplos—la m´etrica excep-cional del semiplano y la m´etrica de Page—en t´erminos del ansatz de LeBrun.
Exploring the Effects of Changping Decoction on Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Pathway and Pharmacology Network Bioinformatics Analysis

Background An increasing body of research has confirmed the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods We explored the potential mechanism of Changping decoction (CPD) in the treatment of IBS through pathway analysis based on a network pharmacology approach. Public databases, including the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Gene Expression Omnibus, and STRING, were used to screen the active ingredients and targets of CPD. Enrichment analysis was performed using the R-3.6. 0 software to expound the biological functions and related pathways of CPD targets. The Cytoscape software was used to construct a “disease-CPD-target” network and identify hub genes of CPD relevant for the treatment of IBS. Employing rat models, pathological observation and abdominal withdrawal reflex tests were used to verify the effectiveness of CPD in the treatment of IBS. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the relationship between the CPD treatment and hub genes.Results Network pharmacological analysis of CPD for the treatment of IBS identified 159 active ingredients. A total of 118 key targets were identified, including MAPK8, VEGFA, PTGS2, and others. A series of signaling pathways, such as MAPK, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection, and IL-17 signaling pathway were found to play an important role in the therapeutic mechanism of CPD in the treatment of IBS. Pathological observation and abdominal withdrawal reflex tests confirmed that the symptoms of IBS in rats were relieved by CPD. Moreover, immunohistochemistry confirmed that CPD could inhibit the expression of inflammation-associated factors, such as VEGFA, MAPK8, and PTGS2.Conclusions Based on network pharmacology analysis, the present study provides insights into the potential mechanism of CPD in the treatment of IBS after successfully screening for associated key target genes and signaling pathways. These findings establish a theoretical basis for the development of CPD-derived therapeutics.
A mathematical method for the classification of promoter sequences from the A.thaliana genome

A mathematical method for creating classes of promoter sequences has been developed. The method was used to calculate the classes of promoter sequences from the A.thaliana genome. A total of 16 statistically significant classes of promoter sequences were obtained with class sizes ranging from 8,000 to 100 promoters. The classes obtained allow us to identify potential promoter sequences in various genomes with the number of false positives not exceeding 103 per genome.