Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Lichfield Angel and the Manuscript Context: Lichfield as a Centre of Insular Art

Abstract It has long been surmised that Lichfield, which at the end of the 8th and beginning of the 9th centuries even served as England's third archbishopric for a time, may have been a notable centre of religious culture. None the less, the site's traumatic history of despoliation by Viking and puritanical Civil War forces has led to an absence of artworks in situ or of early archives. The recent excavation by Warwick Rodwell of what is thought to be the shrine of St Chad, including the carefully deposited remains of an imposing sculptural slab depicting an angel has gone some considerable way towards rectifying such lacunae. The angel probably formed half of an Annunciation panel which acted as a gable end from a stone house-shaped tomb, for which formal and stylistic parallels are here adduced. These would suggest a date for the piece of late 8th or early 9th century, a time when kings Offa and Coenwulf of Mercia were both patronising Lichfield. Remarkably, the angel retains much of its original polychrome pigmentation and the unusual palette, consisting of shades of purple, white and black—not the most obvious colours to use for stone sculpture—raises interesting connections with two manuscripts that have been associated with early Lichfield: the Lichfield Gospels and the Book of Cerne. This paper goes on to explore the relationship between these works and concludes that the Lichfield Gospels was made during the mid-8th century, probably at Lindisfarne but for another centre which is likely to have been Chad of Lindisfarne's shrine at his foundation of Lichfield. This book features a palette of purples and white, perhaps prompted by Bedan exegesis, and the stone sculptures added to Chad's shrine around 800 may have been coloured similarly to complement the Gospelbook. The Book of Cerne, probably made for Bishop Aethelwald of Lichfield (818–30) also features these colours, inter alia, and its St John evangelist symbol offers the closest analogy for the treatment of the angel's plumage, further reinforcing the likelihood of a Lichfield origin for this important prayerbook.
Evaluation of Programs and Parallelizing Compilers Using Dynamic Analysis Techniques

The dynamic evaluation of parallelizing compilers and the programs to which they are applied is a field of abundant opportunity. Observing the dynamic behavior of a program provides insights into the structure of a computation that may be unavailable by static analysis methods. A program may be represented by a dataflow graph generated from the dynamic flow of information between the operations in the program. The minimum parallel execution time of the program, as it is written, is the longest (critical) path through the dynamic dataflow graph. An efficient method of finding the length of the critical path is presented for several parallel execution models. The inherent parallelism is defined as the ratio of the total number of operations executed to the number of operations in the critical path. The effectiveness of a commercial parallelizing compiler is measured by comparing, for the programs in the Perfect Benchmarks, the inherent parallelism of each program, with the parallelism explicitly recognized by the compiler. The general method of critical path analysis produces results for an unlimited number of processors. Upper and lower bounds of the inherent parallelism, for the case of limited processors, can be derived from the processor activity histogram, which records the number of concurrent operations during each time period. Stress analysis is a derivative of critical path analysis that determines the locations in a program that have the largest contribution to the critical path. Inductions are a computation that introduce an internal stress. A specific method is presented which measures the effects of removing the serializing effects of inductions on the inherent parallelism. Dependence analysis is crucial to the effective operation of parallelizing compilers. Static and dynamic evaluation of the effectiveness of compile-time data dependence analysis is presented, the evaluation compares the existing techniques against each other, and against the theoretical optimal results. Special attention is paid to the dependences which serialize interprocedural parallelism. In addition to evaluating the static dependence analysis techniques, a method for finding dynamic dependences is presented that includes a record of the dependence distances that were present during an execution.
On the development of Algol

The thesis outlines the major problems in the design of high level programming languages. The complexity of these languages has caused the user problems in intellectual manageability. Part of this complexity is caused by lack of generality which also causes loss of power. The maxim of power through simplicity, simplicity through generality is established. To achieve this simplicity a number of ground rules, the principle of abstraction, the principle of correspondence and the principle of data type completeness are discussed and used to form a methodology for programming language design. The methodology is then put into practice and the language S-algol is designed as the first member of a family of languages. The second part of the thesis describes the implementation of the S-algol language. In particular a simple and effective method of compiler construction based on the technique of recursive descent is developed. The method uses a hierarchy of abstractions which are implemented as layers to define the compiler. The simplicity and success of the technique depends on the structuring of the layers and the choice of abstractions. The compiler is itself written in S-algol. An abstract machine to support the S-algol language is then proposed and implemented. This machine, the S-code machine, has two stacks and a heap with a garbage collector and a unique method of procedure entry and exit. A detailed description of the S-code machine for the PDP11 computer is given in the Appendices. The thesis then describes the measurement tools used to aid the implementor and the user. The results of improvements in efficiency when these tools are used on the compiler itself are discussed. Finally, the research is evaluated and a discussion of how it may be extended is given.
PM Magazine : A Missing Link in the Evolution of Reality Television

Scholarship on reality television consistently overlooks the significance of the 1980s-era series PM Magazine. At its peak, this innovative television series was seen in nearly 100 US markets, and in the early 1980s it was the highest rated program series in television syndication1 (Sandeen 100). PM Magazine fits neatly into the chain of early reality shows2, between PBS’s An American Family (1973) and MTV’s The Real World (1992). This article demonstrates PM Magazine’s impact on the evolution of reality programming in the 1980s and 1990s, and its equally strong influence on national and local television news content.
Individual 3D Face Modeling and Recognition in a Video Network

Given an uncalibrated network of video cameras, we are tasked with the problem of building a 3D model of every person's face as they move within the network. The process of doing so requires overcoming many challenges including person detection, tracking, cross-camera correspondence (how to determine if a person in one camera is the same person in another), and the final 3D model reconstruction from multiple views in real-time or at near real-time speeds (efficient modeling and data fusion from multiple hardware sources). Towards this goal, a wireless camera network was designed and built from the ground up, a new tracking algorithm and a cross-camera human signature method was developed, and face modeling using multiple cameras in a real-world setting was performed.
Dance me to the end of love: Community and impending doom in Michael Haneke's Das weiße Band and John Ford's west

ABSTRACT Das weiße Band: Eine deutsche Kindergeschichte/The White Ribbon is perhaps Michael Haneke's most thorough investigation into the human psyche—a searing meditation on mankind's propensity towards violence and wanton destruction—its setting and subject matter make it seemingly ripe for allegorical analyses on Nazism and societal decay, yet searches for allegory, though enticing, may prove fruitless in the long run. At no point is there a direct reference to the nation in the film—Germany itself is curiously absent from the narrative—and so instead, I posit that we must look elsewhere in order to properly quantify and engage with Haneke's wilfully ambiguous text. In this article, I outline discernible strands of national leaning in The White Ribbon, by contrasting the film with a somewhat unlikely source; John Ford's My Darling Clementine, a production that displays no such ambiguities in its avowal of national identity. Ford's seminal Western may seem an unorthodox choice from which to compare and contrast the work of Haneke, yet in closely examining key scenes from both films, the article will shed new light on an often polemical, yet ceaselessly fascinating filmmaker.
Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems

This book is an introduction to the design and implementation of concurrency control and recovery mechanisms for transaction management in centralized and distributed database systems. Concurrency control and recovery have become increasingly important as businesses rely more and more heavily on their on-line data processing activities. For high performance, the system must maximize concurrency by multiprogramming transactions. But this can lead to interference between queries and updates, which concurrency control mechanisms must avoid. In addition, a satisfactory recovery system is necessary to ensure that inevitable transaction and database system failures do not corrupt the database.
Multimodal Assessment Instruments for Dynamics

The authors are developing interactive, task-oriented ass essment instruments for Dynamics that require students to interface with problems through videos , simulations, and/or benchtop experiments. The authors present several multimodal assessment formats they have piloted including a multimedia Dynamics web applet, an interactive Dynamics video tutorial, and a simple benchtop Dynamics experiment. They also show how, especially when using the web applet and video tutorial formats, assessment instruments can be disseminate d via the Internet to facilitate automated data collection to a database.
Targeted Information Dissemination

Abstract : Quantum Leap Innovations (QLI) developed a Targeted Information Dissemination (TID) system for rapid gathering and dissemination of the right information to the right people at the right time. The TID user interface shows tasks of an analyst. A hierarchical view of interests learned over a period of time is shown for each task. A table displays documents filtered-in by the user agent. The filtering is based on an interest profile that the agent manages on behalf of the user. The user can view and change the degree of filtering, document relevance and the interests related to task at any time. QLI focused their system to derive an early warning system (EWS) posed by a potential pandemic influenza (PI) episode, but the technology will be broadly applicable and configurable as an EWS for any future biological incident.
A Classification for Privacy Techniques

This paper proposes a classification for techniques that encourage, preserve, or enhance privacy in online environments. This classification encompasses both automated mechanisms (those that exclusively or primarily use computers and software to implement privacy techniques) and nonautomated mechanisms (those that exclusively or primarily use human means to implement privacy techniques). We give examples of various techniques and show where they fit within this classification. The importance of such a classification is discussed along with its use as a tool for the comparison and evaluation of privacy techniques.
Rethinking pen input interaction: enabling freehand sketching through improved primitive recognition

Online sketch recognition uses machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques to interpret markings made by users via an electronic stylus or pen. The goal of sketch recognition is to understand the intention and meaning of a particular user's drawing. Diagramming applications have been the primary beneficiaries of sketch recognition technology, as it is commonplace for the users of these tools to first create a rough sketch of a diagram on paper before translating it into a machine understandable model, using computer-aided design tools, which can then be used to perform simulations or other meaningful tasks. Traditional methods for performing sketch recognition can be broken down into three distinct categories: appearance-based, gesture-based, and geometric-based. Although each approach has its advantages and disadvantages, geometric-based methods have proven to be the most generalizable for multi-domain recognition. Tools, such as the LADDER symbol description language, have shown to be capable of recognizing sketches from over 30 different domains using generalizable, geometric techniques. The LADDER system is limited, however, in the fact that it uses a low-level recognizer that supports only a few primitive shapes, the building blocks for describing higher-level symbols. Systems which support a larger number of primitive shapes have been shown to have questionable accuracies as the number of primitives increase, or they place constraints on how users must input shapes (e.g. circles can only be drawn in a clockwise motion; rectangles must be drawn starting at the top-left corner). This dissertation allows for a significant growth in the possibility of free-sketch recognition systems, those which place little to no drawing constraints on users. In this dissertation, we describe multiple techniques to recognize upwards of 18 primitive shapes while maintaining high accuracy. We also provide methods for producing confidence values and generating multiple interpretations, and explore the difficulties of recognizing multi-stroke primitives. In addition, we show the need for a standardized data repository for sketch recognition algorithm testing and propose SOUSA (sketch-based online user study application), our online system for performing and sharing user study sketch data. Finally, we will show how the principles we have learned through our work extend to other domains, including activity recognition using trained hand posture cues.
Evolving artificial intelligence

The majority of research in artificial intelligence has been devoted to modeling the symptoms of intelligent behavior as we observe them in ourselves. Investigation into the causative factors of intelligence have been passed over in order to more rapidly obtain the immediate consequences of intelligence. The results of these efforts have been computer programs that achieve outstanding performance, but only in very limited domains of application. It is suggested that attention be given to the mechanisms that generate intelligence. Intelligence may be defined as that property which enables a system to adapt its behavior to meet desired goals in a range of environments. Three organizational forms of intelligence are characterized within the present discussion: (1) phylogenetic (arising within the phyletic line of descent), (2) ontogenetic (arising within the individual), and (3) sociogenetic (arising within the group). It is argued that all three forms of intelligence are equivalent in process and that all intelligent systems are inherently evolutionary in nature. Simulating natural evolution provides a method for machine generated intelligent behavior. A series of experiments is conducted to quantify the efficiency and effectiveness of evolutionary problem solving. The results indicate that this "evolutionary programming" can rapidly discover nearly optimum solutions to a broad range of problems. Mathematical analysis of the algorithm and its variations indicates that the process will converge to the global best available solution. Automatic control and gaming experiments are conducted in which an evolutionary program must discover suitable strategies for solving the task at hand. No credit assignment or other heuristic evaluations are offered to the evolutionary programs. The results indicate the utility of using simulated evolution for general problem solving.
Weapons, fighters and combat: spears and swords in Early Bronze Age Scandinavia

This article deals with the use-wear analysis of 204 weapons of Period I of the Early Nordic Bronze Age. The analysed sample contained 154 spearheads and 50 swords and was made up of approximately one-third of the contemporaneous weapons in Southern Scandinavia. The use-wear analysis was undertaken with a source critical view on corrosion and other taphonomic processes. The information obtained was used to see how use-wear and taphonomic processes influence each other. Use-wear analysis was employed to evaluate statements regarding the functionality, or rather non-functionality, of Early Bronze Age weaponry. According to the results, spears and swords were not only functional but also very frequently used. Further deductions can be made from the material. Despite a difference in the scale of fighting, spears and swords show essentially the same kind of combat wear. It is argued that this relates to essentially similar styles of fighting that employ both cutting and stabbing movements and are perhaps most appropriately termed ‘fencing’. This style of fighting possibly emerged from frequent encounters of sword and spear fighters in the closely interconnected world of Southern Scandinavia during Period I of the Early Bronze Age. In these engagements, a partial homogenising effect of warfare and fighting becomes visible. Yet, it is not the only effect that accompanies combat and war. Diversification and homogenisation are not mutually exclusive or contradictive. Accordingly, they took place simultaneously and helped develop fighting styles and weapon technologies.
VLSI Test Principles and Architectures: Design for Testability (Systems on Silicon)

This book is a comprehensive guide to new DFT methods that will show the readers how to design a testable and quality product, drive down test cost, improve product quality and yield, and speed up time-to-market and time-to-volume. · Most up-to-date coverage of design for testability. · Coverage of industry practices commonly found in commercial DFT tools but not discussed in other books. · Numerous, practical examples in each chapter illustrating basic VLSI test principles and DFT architectures. · Lecture slides and exercise solutions for all chapters are now available. · Instructors are also eligible for downloading PPT slide files and MSWORD solutions files from the manual website. Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction Chapter 2 - Design for Testability Chapter 3 - Logic and Fault Simulation Chapter 4 - Test Generation Chapter 5 - Logic Built-In Self-Test Chapter 6 - Test Compression Chapter 7 - Logic Diagnosis Chapter 8 - Memory Testing and Built-In Self-Test Chapter 9 - Memory Diagnosis and Built-In Self-Repair Chapter 10 - Boundary Scan and Core-Based Testing Chapter 11 - Analog and Mixed-Signal Testing Chapter 12 - Test Technology Trends in the Nanometer Age
Proxy Server Providing Multi-level Privileges for Network Cameras on the Video Surveillance System

This paper introduces security problems on the video surveillance systems where the network cameras are equipped at remote places and isolated from the updated and secure environment and proposes a framework for a proxy server that is delegated to connect to network cameras by providing a secure connections from the clients. The server in the framework is deployed within a secure network, secretes the information for connection to cameras and authenticates the clients. Additionally, it provides a secure video service incorporating multi-level privileges for both images and clients through a encryption key distribution and management facility. Through an implementation of the server and a its deployment, it was proved that In this server implement to multi network camera and we confirm compare direct access to network camera equal video quality of service and it can be protection network camera. We expect that can be secure and integral management about traditional network camera through experimental result.
Grammaticalization of Demonstratives as Subordinate Complementizers in Ngumpin-Yapa

Demonstratives have grammaticalized as subordinate, including relative, complementizers in a number of language groupings around the world, including Germanic. This paper provides evidence for this type of grammaticalization in the ‘adjoined relative clause’ in Australian Aboriginal languages, in particular in one Pama-Nyungan subgroup, Ngumpin-Yapa, where there has been a series of parallel grammaticalizations of various demonstratives in different languages. There are two main types of outcomes involved: (1) paradigm type: choice among a set of demonstratives in initial position, followed in some cases by a separate or adjoined complementizer; and (2) specialized type: a single complementizer descended from one demonstrative in initial or second position. The common explanations for demonstrative > complementizer grammaticalization in other language groups have been a transition between parataxis and hypotaxis, and the interpretation of the demonstrative as cataphoric. It is argued that these explanations require modification for the Ngumpin-Yapa case, and a different analysis is proposed in which the demonstrative is located in Spec-CP at some stage in the process, and in some cases (especially of the specialized type) ends up in C as a result of Spec-Head reduction.
The Impact of Quantum Phenomena on the Complexity of Communication Systems

Abstract: This publication put the accent on strategical problems in information transmission. The analysis is based on substantially different structure between classical (bit) and quantum information unit (qubit). The scientific methodology used in this publication is relatively new (single qubit transfer based on no-cloning theorem). Important part of publication is devoted to solving problems where quantum information processing offers much more prolific solutions than classical information processing. From practical point of view, the advances of quantum based information technologies have been presented.