Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Throughput Analysis in a Wireless Powered Mobile Communication System

In this paper, important statistical characteristics of the ratio of double generalized-gamma random variables have been analytically evaluated. The derived results have been applied in a wireless powered mobile-to-mobile communication scenario, which operates in the presence of interference. The performance is investigated using the throughput criterion under two different scenarios, namely delay limited and delay tolerant transmissions. Moreover, since the links’ reliability depends on the mobile nodes locations, the $2D$ Poisson point process is employed in order to more realistically model the physical layer behavior. The analytical results provided generalize previously reported ones, while the numerical results presented reveal the impact of various system’s and channel’s parameters, e.g., distance among nodes, interference, the non-linearity of the wireless medium.
Scaffolding Learning through Meaningful Tasks and Adult Interaction

This paper reports a study into the role of a supporting adult in promoting effective learning relating to aspects of 3D shape in young children. Nursery and reception aged children carried out problem solving tasks using wooden blocks, in this case Poleidoblocs, embedded within playful contexts. Using the notion of 'scaffolding' and working within the child's Zone of Proximal Development, this study analyses the structured adult intervention that increases the effectiveness of learning and leads to an enhanced development of secure and transferable concepts.
Microstrip reflectarray antenna with offset feed

The Letter derives and verifies the concept of antenna focusing by planar ‘microstrip reflectarray’ antenna. Experimental results from schematically distributed patch radiators with microstrip delay lines are consistent with the simulation results. The advantages and disadvantages of such an antenna are described. The measured overall antenna efficiency is 48% at scan angles up to 30°. These results demonstrate the feasibility of such an antenna.
Monolithic coaxial transmission lines for mm-wave ICs

A transmission line with potential application to terahertz ICs has been fabricated and characterized. The transmission line is a coaxial (shielded) line which is integrable and compatible with existing monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology. The structure is composed of a center conductor surrounded by a homogeneous dielectric (probimide), covered entirely by a gold plated ground plane. The coaxial lines are terminated to coplanar waveguide pads for on-wafer microwave measurements. The loss and other lumped transmission line parameters were extracted from the measured S-parameter data. The simulation results based on initial experimental data suggest the usefulness of coaxial line in the frequency range above 200 GHz. The shielded coaxial lines have the following characteristics: no radiation losses, no crosstalk between adjacent lines which enables denser IC design, compatible with existing MMIC technology, and easy transition to microstrip and coplanar waveguides. <<ETX>>
Joint Vital Signs and Position Estimation of Multiple Persons Using SIMO Radar

Respiration rate monitoring using ultra-wideband (UWB) radar is preferred because it provides contactless measurement without restricting the person’s privacy. This study considers a novel non-contact-based solution using a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) UWB impulse radar. In the proposed system, the collected radar data are converted to several narrow-band signals using the generalized Goertzel algorithm (GGA), which are used as the input of the designed phased arrays for position estimation. In this context, we introduce the incoherent signal subspace methods (ISSM) for the direction of arrivals (DOAs) and distance evaluation. Meanwhile, a beam focusing approach is used to determine each individual and estimate their breathing rate automatically based on a linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamformer. The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm can achieve high estimation accuracy in a variety of test environments, with an error of 2%, 5%, and 2% for DOA, distance, and respiration rate, respectively.
Test-Retest Reliability of the Coronary Heart Disease Damp Phlegm and Blood Stasis Pattern Questionnaire: Results from a Multicenter Clinical Trial

Background Damp phlegm and blood stasis pattern (DPBSP) is the main pattern in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. To quantify and standardize the diagnosis of DPBSP, questionnaires are usually administered. The CHD Damp Phlegm and Blood Stasis Pattern Questionnaire (CHD-DPBSPQ) is the standard metric for measuring CHD-DPBSP signs and symptoms in practice and clinical research. The CHD-DPBSPQ has moderate diagnostic efficiency, as evidenced by its receiver operating characteristic curves. Furthermore, and high reliability and validity have been shown in some studies but not in a multicenter clinical trial. Our purpose was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of a proprietary CHD-DPBSPQ. Methods The CHD-DPBSPQ uses a standard procedure for measuring symptoms. The (interrater) reliability and validity of this questionnaire have been previously studied. Here, we evaluated the test interval and weighted kappa value of items of test-retest (intrarater) reliability of the CHD-DPBSPQ. The test-retest reliability was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the total CHD-DPBSPQ score and the phlegm domain and blood stasis domain scores. Weighted kappa statistics were calculated for the individual CHD-DPBSPQ items. Results Using the CHD-DPBSPQ, 79 patients with late-stage CHD who were participating in a multicenter clinical trial were assessed twice. The ICCs for the CHD-DPBSPQ score were as follows: 0.827 for the total CHD-DPBSPQ, 0.778 for the phlegm domain score, and 0.828 for the blood stasis domain score. The reliability was slightly better in patients whose test interval was ≤14 days. The weighted kappa values of individual items showed moderate consistency. Conclusions The CHD-DPBSPQ was found to have excellent test-retest reliability in this sample of patients.
A Radar Fault Prediction Based on LM-BP Neural Network

In order to overcome the difficulty of modern radar fault prediction，which induced by the complexity of system compose，fuzziness of configuration connection and incompletely and uncertainty of character parameters，a LM-BP neural networ model is studied based on BP neural networ model and LM optimized algorithm to optimize the network error function and increase the prediction precision of this model. The simulation and analysis are finished using a radar fault prediction example and show validity the of this model.
Modeling Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies in Energy and Economic Models

There is a growing body of literature that points to the significant potential of carbon capture and storage technologies as a means for addressing concerns relating to climate change. In particular, carbon capture and storage technologies could be fundamental to controlling the costs of addressing climate change—not only in sectors such as electric power production from fossil fuels, but it may also be key to facilitating the emergence of an affordable global hydrogen economy which is one potential promising pathway for decarbonizing the transportation sector. This paper examines the current state-of-the-art in modeling these carbon capture and storage technologies within "top-down" and "bottom-up" models, and explores what these types of models tell us about the potential deployment of these technologies. Generally, "top-down" models represent the overall energy-economic system while "bottom-up" models are more narrowly focused on the physical or geographical details of the entity being modeled. The paper identifies key knowledge gaps that need to be closed in order to improve the resolution and accuracy of these models’ projections of the deployment of carbon capture and storage technology in the near term and over the course of this century. The paper concludes by emphasizing which features of the different types of models must be combined in order to strengthen our understanding of the global potential for carbon capture and storage as a mechanism for emissions mitigation.
A PSPICE macromodel for lithium-ion batteries

Battery models for simulation are useful for estimating operating life, stability, transient response, and related characteristics in circuits and systems. This paper presents a parametric PSPICE macromodel for simulating lithium-ion batteries. Comparisons of the simulation with experimental data from 1.25 Ah lithium-ion cells are then made.
Estimation risk and the implicit value of index-tracking

We study [Roll, R. , A mean/variance analysis of tracking error. J. Portfolio Manage. , 1992, 18, 13–22. ] conjecture that there exists an implicit value in index-tracking (IVIT) relative to forming mean-variance (MV) optimal portfolios under estimation error. We derive an analytical definition for the opportunity cost facing the MV investor who does not index-track. Our findings indicate that the opportunity cost is positive and statistically significant. The existence of an IVIT (positive opportunity cost) is strongly associated with a reduction in the portfolio's induced estimation risk under index-tracking relative to an MV-efficient portfolio of equal target mean return. Under high estimation error cases, increased IVIT translates to higher risk-adjusted returns, lower volatility, higher Sharpe-ratio, lower turnover, and larger certainty equivalent returns. Empirically, a one standard deviation increase in IVIT translates to an annual increase of 4%–5% in the out-of-sample Sharpe-ratio and a 6%–15% decrease in the monthly turnover.
A high-sensitivity and quasi-linear capacitive sensor for nanomechanical testing applications

The design, modeling, fabrication and characterization of triplate differential capacitive sensors employed in novel on-chip tensile and compression material testing systems are reported, where the capacitive sensors are integrated to measure the load on the specimen or the specimen deformation. Analytical expressions for studying stability, linearity and sensitivity, including the effect of the electrostatic force generated by the excitation signal on the sensing electrodes, are derived for the first time and discussed for quasi-static applications. The possible influence of the electron beam of an electron microscope on the capacitance measurement is also analyzed. The in-plane suspension stiffness of the fabricated device is determined by a resonance method performed inside a scanning electron microscope and used for pull-in voltage prediction. Sensitivity and linearity are extracted from capacitance-to-displacement measurements and agree well with analytical and finite element analysis results. The fabricated capacitive sensors show a high sensitivity of 0.61 fF nm−1 within a quasi-linear moving range of 2250 nm, which yields a displacement resolution of 1 nm and a load resolution of 34 nN.
Methods of suppression or avoidance of parallel-plate power leakage from conductor-backed transmission lines

Four useful methods are presented to suppress and/or avoid parallel-plate leakage from conductor-backed printed transmission lines. These include: 1) the use of shorting-pins; 2) the use of a dielectric-guide-coupled configuration; 3) using a two-layered conductor-backing configuration; and 4) dielectric loading on top. New analyses to model the leakage suppression due to the shorting-strips and the dielectric-guide-coupled geometries are presented, with selected demonstrative results and critical discussions. It is concluded that the unwanted leakage in many printed transmission lines, that are otherwise attractive for integrated circuits and phased array applications, can be successfully avoided and/or significantly suppressed using the proposed techniques.
Pursuing Investigations Establish the Challenging Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism

Primary aldosteronism is one of the causes of secondary hypertension. The most sensitive screening test for primary aldosteronism is the measurement of the plasma aldosterone concentration and plasma renin activity to calculate the aldosterone/renin ratio. We report a case of hypertension and hypokalemia with a negative plasma aldosterone/renin ratio, inconclusive confirmatory saline infusion test. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with primary aldosteronism secondary to adrenal adenoma. If there is a high index of clinical suspicion of primary aldosteronism, it is important to evaluate further to establish the diagnosis for initiation of specific treatment because failure to identify primary aldosteronism can lead to aldosterone-specific adverse cardiovascular diseases and events.
Topology Identification of Weighted Networks Via Binary Time Series From Propagation Dynamics

This study focuses on a topology identification problem of weighted networks with different connection strength, where binary time series generated by propagation dynamics are utilized. An influence probability matrix reflecting the weight of connection is proposed to quantify the influence of other nodes on one node as it transfers from susceptible state to infected state. Further, maximum likelihood estimate and expectation–maximization algorithm are used to obtain the influence probability matrix. A threshold method and a weight-based-identification algorithm are provided to identify connection strength. The robustness against fault data and conflicting results of the same connection is mitigated by introducing a confidence factor. Several Monte-Carlo simulations demonstrate the high identification accuracy of our methods under different network models.
Analysis of respiratory mechanomyographic signals by means of the empirical mode decomposition

The study of the mechanomyographic (MMG) signals of respiratory muscles is a promising technique in order to evaluate the respiratory muscles effort. A critical point in MMG studies is the selection of the cut-off frequency in order to separate the low frequency (LF) component (basically due to gross movement of the muscle or of the body) and the high frequency (HF) component (related with the vibration of the muscle fibres during contraction). In this study, we propose to use the Empirical Mode Decomposition method in order to analyze the Intrinsic Mode Functions of MMG signals of the diaphragm muscle, acquired by means of a capacitive accelerometer applied on the costal wall. The method was tested on an animal model, with two incremental respiratory protocols performed by two non anesthetized mongrel dogs. The proposed EMD based method seems to be a useful tool to eliminate the low frequency component of MMG signals. The obtained correlation coefficients between respiratory and MMG parameters were higher than the ones obtained with a Wavelet multiresolution decomposition method utilized in a previous work.
Techno‐economic assessment of a new biomass‐driven cogeneration system proposed for net zero energy buildings

This study evaluates the techno‐economic feasibility of a new biomass‐driven cogeneration system designed to fulfill all energy requirements (i.e., electricity, hot water, cooling, and heating) of a grid‐connected building throughout the year. The proposed system is also expected to achieve the goal of zero energy building (ZEB). A 10‐story residential complex is considered as the present case study. The study is carried out for three cities of Iran with different climate conditions (mild, hot, and cold) and with the annual energy requirements of about 104,472 kWh, 128,784 kWh, and 142,518 kWh, respectively. After defining two objective functions (“annual actual benefit” and “loss of building requirements supply probability”), the system is optimized by using the Non‐dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA‐II). The results show that the designed system is economically viable with the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of about 0.15–0.2 $/kWh. The results also indicate that if the cost of CO2 emission is taken into consideration, the annual benefit of the system is decreased by 16%–25%. Finally, a sensitivity analysis shows that heat generation cost and electricity selling price have the most and the least effect on the system's annual benefit, respectively.
Rating requirements of the unified power quality conditioner to integrate the fixedspeed induction generator-type wind generation to the grid

The ability of wind generation to remain connected to the grid in the event of system faults and dynamic reactive power compensation are two aspects of grid integration, which have received particular attention. The wind driven, fixed-speed induction generator (FSIG) on its own fails to fulfil these requirements of grid integration. The application of a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) to overcome the grid integration problems of the FSIG is investigated. The role of the UPQC in enhancing the fault ride-through capability of the generator is also investigated under both full and partial terminal voltage restoration. A realistic estimation of the rating requirements of UPQC for this type of application is carried out. A general principle is presented to choose the most practical and economical rating of the UPQC. The performance comparison of a UPQC and a static synchronous compensator to aid fault ride-through capability of a 2 MW FSIG under Irish grid code requirements has been carried out and the UPQC is found to be more economical in relation to device rating.
Short-term Effects of Neurodynamic Techniques for Treating Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES We aimed to (1) estimate the short-term effect (post-intervention period) of neurodynamic techniques on pain, symptom severity, functional status, electrophysiological status, grip strength and pinch strength in people with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and (2) estimate the effect of neurodynamic techniques compared to other physical therapy modalities and surgical interventions. DESIGN Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH We searched the MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science, PEDro and Scopus databases from their inception to September 2020. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials reporting the effect of neurodynamic techniques on pain, symptom severity, function, distal motor latency, grip strength and pinch strength in people with CTS. DATA SYNTHESIS Using the DerSimonian and Laird method, we estimated pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and the 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). We used the GRADE approach to judge the certainty of the evidence of each pairwise comparison. RESULTS There were 22 trials included (n = 1203 people with CTS, age 26.0 to 54.6 years, symptom duration 4.1 to 62.8 months). There was very low certainty evidence for neurodynamic techniques improving pain (SMD= -0.54; 95% CI: -0.95 to -0.13) and function (SMD= -0.35; 95% CI: -0.61 to -0.09). There was no significant effect on symptom severity (low certainty), distal motor latency (low certainty), and grip and pinch strength (moderate certainty). CONCLUSION Neurodynamic techniques were effective for improving pain and function in people with CTS, albeit with very low certainty evidence. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 16 Nov 2021. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022. 10533.
A kanban-based simulation study of a mixed model just-in-time manufacturing line

Abstract The kanban-based operation of a mixed model manufacturing line is studied. Features of the hypothetical manufacturing line modelled are presented in terms of general structure, major components and operational characteristics. Simulation model developed is described and parameters of the base model are given. Experimental design features are discussed with respect to simulation related issues, performance measures, statistical analysis and experimental design clusters. Statistical findings are summarized in tabular format. Non-intuitive behaviour observed in each experiment set is interpreted.
Automatic defect inspection system of colour filters using Taguchi-based neural network

A coloured filter is a critical part of an LCD panel, especially to present a high quality colour display. At present, the defect detection of colour filters is conducted by manual inspection in the final product stage. However, poor detection efficiency and subjective judgment of manual inspection undermine accuracy. Therefore, this study applied image processing technology and the neural network to detect surface defects of colour filters in order to prevent losses arising from incorrect detection, lower production costs, and effectively improve yield. A back-propagation neural network (BPNN) classifier was selected to train the features. The results showed that the proposed method can be successfully applied in defect detection of colour filters to reduce artificial detection errors. In addition, the Taguchi method was used with BPNN to save time searching optimal learning parameters by the trial and error method, which achieves faster convergence, smaller convergent errors and better recognition rate. The results proved that the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the Taguchi-based BPNN at final convergence is 0.000254, and recognition rate reaches 94%. Therefore, the proposed method has good effects in detecting the micro defects of a colour filter panel.
Modelling of flow with cavitation in centrifugal pump

The paper concerns flow modelling in centrifugal pump with special consideration of cavitation phenomena. Cavitation occurs when local pressure drops below the saturation pressure according to the temperature of the flow. Vapour bubbles are created and then they flow through the areas with higher pressure. The bubbles collapse rapidly generating pressure wave, noise and vibration. Working under cavitation condition is very dangerous to a pump and can significantly shorten its lifetime. The investigated centrifugal pump consists of three two-flow rotors and stators working on a single shaft. The modelling process started with grid independence study. When the grid was chosen, the pump performance curve was obtained using the single phase fluid model. Next, using the results from pump performance curve calculations, the cavitation characteristic was obtained. The constant capacity was held when the pressure at the inlet was reduced. The two – phase model was used with Zwart cavitation model. The results indicate that the pump work in safe range of parameters. The analysis also provides wide range of information about the areas of vapour appearance. The most endangered regions are leading edges of rotor. When pressure at the inlet drops to about one third of pressure that calculations started from the cavitation cloud appears in whole rotor. The intense of vapour bubbles creation is greater near the shroud of the pump, rather than near the hub. As cavitation is strongly unsteady phenomena, the transient calculations were performed to check if the results are close to those obtained using the steady state type. The differences are not significant.