Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Hearing Impairment on Listening Effort and Speech Intelligibility: A Systematic Review of Literature

INTRODUCTION: Hearing impairment is considered as the most common disorder in the humans as it causes lots of problems in routine life of people suffering from this ailment as it brings issues with speech recognition, communication, and language accretion Hearing impairment causes drastic effect on people’s social life as it creates difficulties in and restricts them from participating in social activities due to increased effort required for listening PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study is to understand the effects of hearing impairment on listening effort and speech intelligibility METHODS: Literatures like Google Scholar, science Direct, PubMed were used and key words like cochlear implants, listening effort, speech intelligibility, and hearing loss, hearing impairment, Bilateral and unilateral hearing loss were used. Multiple retrospective, prospective and cross sectional studies were reviewed and additional methodological filters were used for paper selection and selected papers published from 2000 to 2021 were assessed and selected. 11 original articles fulfilled inclusion criteria RESULTS: After series of multiple experiments on different populations listening effort was found to be greater in subjects with hearing impairment, cochlear implant, Unilateral and bilateral hearing implants as compared to normal. Speech intelligibility is lower in subjects with high listening effort. CONCLUSION: Our review concluded that listening effort is inversely related to speech intelligibility. However no accurate technique is available to measure listening effort.
Design Considerations and Performance Improvement of a Photovoltaic Pumping System Based on a Synchronous Reluctance Motor

– This paper presents the performance analysis of a photovoltaic (PV) energy source driving a Synchronous Reluctance (SyncRel) motor. The design considerations of the PV array, suitable for driving a centrifugal pump, are studied. Three design approaches are proposed at an average insolation of 0.5 kW/m 2 . These approaches depend upon determining the system operating point firstly and then maintaining this point on the PV generator characteristics. Either starting current, maximum power point or pre-specified voltage regulation is taken into account in each design approach. It has been found that the minimum number of cells can be achieved using the second design approach. A simple control strategy is presented to improve the system performance based on the PV generator parameters estimated from the second design approach. The proposed control strategy has mainly three functions; ensuring a successful motor starting, maintaining the motor voltage within a permissible range and forcing the PV array to operate at the Maximum Power Point (MPP) as possible. A sample of simulation results is introduced using the SyncRel motor measured parameters and the estimated parameters of the PV array.
Developing kindergarten teacher capacity for play-based learning curriculum: a mediation analysis

ABSTRACT This study explores kindergarten teachers’ beliefs about and practices of play-based learning with a focus on the mediation of teachers’ capacity building with designing a play curriculum. Quantitative data are collected through a questionnaire with three cohort samples of 90 kindergartens who participated in a university-school partnership project. The data drawn from the first and second cohort years of 50 kindergartens are examined by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to ensure reliability and validity of the constructs. The third cohort year data from 40 kindergartens are used for examining the mediation effect. Results reveal that teacher beliefs are significantly associated with their pedagogical practices of play-based learning and their perceptions of whole-child development. Capacity building of teachers to practice a play-based learning curriculum partially mediates these associations and exhibits a strong association. Such capacities refer to teachers being able to design and adjust a play-based learning curriculum based on school background and developmental needs of children. Findings have significant practical implications for teacher education and professional development by strengthening relevant capacities.
Parent–Teen Group versus Dyadic Treatment for Adolescent ADHD: What Works for Whom?

The goal of this study was to evaluate the comparative efficacy of 2 clinic-based psychosocial treatment modalities for adolescent attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and identify characteristics that facilitate patient-modality matching. Culturally diverse adolescents with ADHD (N = 123) were randomized to 1 of 2 versions of a parent–teen psychosocial treatment for ADHD (Supporting Teens’ Autonomy Daily [STAND]): (a) group parent and adolescent skills training or (b) dyadic skills training blended with motivational interviewing. Participants were assessed at baseline, posttreatment, and 6-month follow-up on ADHD symptom severity and functional treatment targets. Differences in therapy process and cost were documented. Modality differences in outcome were examined using linear mixed and general linear models. Each modality successfully engaged the proposed therapy processes. Dyadic and group STAND produced equivalent overall outcomes. However, the dyadic modality demonstrated superior efficacy when parents had elevated ADHD or depression symptoms or high conflict with the teen. Families with lower parent education level and higher parental depression showed lower overall attendance; married parents were more likely to attend dyadic STAND (vs. group). Naturalistic stimulant medication did not influence treatment outcome. At less than one third of the cost of dyadic treatment, group models may be an economical option for treating parents and adolescents with ADHD. Screening adolescents with ADHD for parental psychopathology and parent–teen conflict may allow clinics to match higher risk patients to more personalized approaches that can enhance efficacy.
A qualitative examination of the implementation of a perinatal collaborative care program

Abstract Aim: To identify implementation strategies for collaborative care (CC) that are successful in the context of perinatal care. Background: Perinatal depression is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and is associated with adverse maternal, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes. Although treating depressive symptoms reduces risks to mom and baby, barriers to accessing psychiatric treatment remain. CC has demonstrated benefit in primary care, expanding access, yet few studies have examined the implementation of CC in perinatal care which presents unique characteristics and challenges. Methods: We conducted qualitative interviews with 20 patients and 10 stakeholders from Collaborative Care Model for Perinatal Depression Support Services (COMPASS), a perinatal collaborative care (pCC) program implemented since 2017. We analyzed interview data by employing the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework to organize empirically selected implementation strategies from Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) to create a guide for the development of pCC programs. Findings: We identified 14 implementation strategies used in the implementation of COMPASS. Strategies were varied, cutting across ERIC domains (eg, plan, educate, finance) and across EPIS contexts (eg, inner context – characteristics of the pCC program). The majority of strategies were identified by patients and staff as facilitators of pCC implementation. In addition, findings show opportunities for improving the implementation strategies used, such as optimal dissemination of educational materials for obstetric clinicians. The implementation of COMPASS can serve as a model for the process of building a pCC program. The identified strategies can support the implementation of this evidence-based practice for addressing postpartum depression.
Effect of circumferential non-uniform tip clearance on the dynamic stall process of a single-stage axial compressor with total pressure distortion

In this paper, the single-stage compressor with circumferential non-uniform tip clearance is experimentally investigated under 180° total pressure distortion for the compressor characteristics and the dynamic stall process. In the special structure of the circumferential non-uniform tip clearance, different circumferential distortion areas are adopted to actively induce the stall. The maximum or minimum flow coefficient near the stall point occurs when the location where the rotor departs the distortion area is at the average tip clearance rather than the maximum or minimum tip clearance. Based on the time-frequency analysis regarding the dynamic stall process at different correspondences between the inlet distortion and the tip clearance, it is found that the rotating frequency of the stall cell that is independent of the location of the distortion area is slightly less than 50% rotor rotating frequency and the large-scale stall inception whose frequency is 4–8 times the rotor rotating frequency occurs. Besides the circumferential phase difference from 90° to 180° between the location where the disturbance occurs and the location where the rotor departs, the distortion area exists. According to the dynamic stall process, the stall interpretation model of circumferential total pressure distortion under the circumferential non-uniform tip clearance is established.
Towards a comprehensive repair framework for human-chatbot interaction: the case of rephrasing

Chatbots are becoming a regular part of service offerings. However, failures in human-chatbot interactions are common and mitigating them with appropriate strategies is an integral part of the dialogue. For instance, chatbots can be designed to prompt a rephrase, although, due to the complexity of user reactions, this is not always successful. Research has called for taxonomies to categorize user reactions to compute meaningful responses that encourage dialogue continuation. We suggest a framework of strategies based on prior research and test its validity, focusing on how users rephrase across dialogue turns. We find that users rephrase problems formally (49%), by changing the number of words, altering syntax, or using synonyms and to a lesser extent by altering informational value (25%). We suggest training chatbots along this behavior and designing better prompts that guide users' next actions.
SemSwap: semantics-aware swapping in memory disaggregated datacenters

Memory disaggregation has risen in popularity in datacenters due to benefits such as higher utilization and better hardware elasticity. However, applications running on memory disaggregated clusters commonly suffer from data amplification---I/O traffic is grossly increased due to (4KB-)page-based swapping mechanism in the OS, causing excessive data roundtrips to remote memory. There has been work proposing finer-granularity swapping to support memory disaggregated clusters. However, these efforts face practicality challenges: they either require not-yet-available hardware or force developers to go through a labor-intensive process of rewriting existing programs. This paper introduces SemSwap, an ongoing work that aims to mitigate data amplification in a practical manner---no hardware nor heavyweight refactoring is required. We propose a cross-layer technique that transparently passes program semantics (e.g., data hotness) collected at the runtime level to the kernel to reduce remote memory access cost. Specifically, we consolidate "hot" objects that are frequently accessed onto a single memory page before these pages are swapped out to remote memory. The subsequent memory accesses will be much more effective as hot data are readily in memory. Hence, SemSwap reduces the total number of remote memory fetches, leading to faster execution. We also present an implementation plan and an evaluation plan for SemSwap in this paper.
Optical phase distortion due to compressible flow over laser turrets

Analytical models for optical phase distortion due to compressible flow over a laser turret are developed. Phase distortion is calculated for both blunt and small perturbation turrets. For the blunt turret, the Janzen-Rayleigh technique is used to determine the flow field. Phase distortions of 2.2 wavelengths at 3.8 microns are calculated for the blunt turret. For small perturbation turrets, a versatile analytical model is developed for a turret on a fuselage with circular cross section. With a two dimensional Fourier series representation of the turret, any shape can be considered. Both subsonic and supersonic flows can be calculated. Phase distortions of 1.2 wavelengths at 3.8 microns are calculated for one turret at high subsonic Mach number. In addition to being of value for laser turrets, the methods are applicable to reconnaissance aircraft using photographic equipment and cruise missiles using celestial navigation.
Removal of absorption and increase in resolution in a near-field lens via optical gain

A recent paper [J. B. Pendry, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966 (2000)] showed how to construct a superlens that focuses the near-field radiation and, hence, produce an image resolution unlimited by wavelength. The prescription requires lossless materials with a negative refractive index: finite loss cuts off the finer details of the image. In this paper we suggest a compensation for the losses by introducing optical gain media into the lens design. Calculations demonstrate a dramatic improvement in performance for a silver/gain composite medium at optical frequencies.
Electromagnetic and Acoustic Scattering by Simple Shapes

Abstract : The book represents an exhaustive study of the scattering properties of acoustically soft and hard bodies and of perfect conductors, presented for 15 geometrically-simple shapes. Such shapes are important in their own right and as a basis for synthesizing the radiation and scattering properties of more complex configurations. Each shape is treated in a separate chapter whose contents are presented in stylized format for easy reference. Emphasis is placed on results in the form of formulae and diagrams. Although no detailed derivation are included, an outline of methods in scattering theory is given in the Introduction.
q-differential operator representation of the quantum superalgebra Uq(sl(M+1|N+1))

A representation of the quantum superalgebra Uq(sl(M+1|N+1)) is constructed based on the q-differential operators acting on the coherent states parameterized by coordinates. These coordinates correspond to the local ones of the flag manifold. This realization provides us with a guide to construct the free field realization for the quantum affine superalgebra Uq^(sl(M+1|N+1)) at arbitrary level.
A nonparametric approach for relevance determination

The objective of many high throughput studies is to identify factors that are relevant to an outcome of interest. Such studies are abundant in genetics, image processing, astrophysics, and neuroscience. In this paper, we argue that treating these problems as large-scale hypothesis tests does not reflect the motivation behind the studies. Instead, we suggest treating these studies as a decision problem, where our primary concern is selecting the most relevant set of factors for a more focused follow up. Furthermore, instead of dividing the factors into a significant and a non-significant group (which is common in the hypothesis testing framework), we propose a flexible Bayesian model that accommodates subgroups with different degrees of importance. To this end, our approach uses a simple extension of Dirichlet process mixtures to model the relationship between the factors and the outcome. With simulated data, we demonstrate that our model performs substantially better than alternative methods based on the false discovery rate. We also apply our method to two real large-scale studies. The objective of the first study is to interrogate the mutation status of p53 in cancer cell lines, and the objective of the second study is to identify differentially expressed genes between two types of leukemia. Overall, we find that taking into account the true motivation behind high throughput studies and the possible complexity of relationships between factors and outcome could improve the analysis by increasing the rate of discovering relevant factors while keeping the false discovery rate low.
IMPROVING THE PRIORITIZATION PROCEDURE OF PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN HOSPITALS BASED ON DECISION-MAKING TECHNIQUES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Coronavirus-specific antibodies can be detected in the blood of people who have recently recovered from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Convalescent-Plasma (CP) transfusion process proved that it's among the most efficient protocols, and it's used in hospitals to treat various infections and diseases. Several medical issues have been addressed due to the growing interest in creating Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. However, considering the virus's enormous potential harm to global public health, such uses are insufficient. This proposed systematic review and meta-analysis aims to obtain an overview of COVID-19, highlight the limits of decision-making approaches, and give healthcare professionals information about the technique's advantages. Between 2016 and 2021, five databases, namely IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus, were utilized to run four sequences of search queries. As a result, 477 studies are found to be relevant. Only six studies were thoroughly examined and included in this review after screening articles and using proper inclusion criteria, highlighting the lack of research on this crucial topic. Studies' findings were reviewed to identify the gaps in all the evaluated papers. Motivations, problems, constraints, suggestions, and case examples were thoroughly examined. This study seeks to answer how we support the researchers with collected information for managing transfusion of the highest quality CP to the most critical COVID-19 patients across telemedicine hospitals.
Chen–Ruan Cohomology of $\mathcal{M}_{1,n}$ and $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{1,n}$

In this work we compute the Chen--Ruan cohomology and the stringy Chow ring of the moduli spaces of smooth and stable $n$-pointed curves of genus 1. We suggest a definition for an Orbifold Tautological Ring in genus 1, which is both a subring of the Chen--Ruan cohomology and of the stringy Chow ring.
On the transition from non-linear to linear regimes in the homogeneous models of the wind-driven ocean circulation

Summary. — A homogeneous model of wind-driven circulation is investigated in the dynamic regimes between moderate non-linearity and linearity. The smallness of the inertial boundary layer width, relatively to the frictional one, poses the alternative of an unrealistically low horizontal velocity of the interior together with an exaggerated depth of the motion or the impossibility to produce westward intensified flows. This discontinuity, of physical nature, between moderate non-linearity and linearity suggests that the linear regime should be regarded as quite autonomous, which cannot be derived from the non-linear by suitably lowering the width of the inertial boundary layer with respect to the frictional regime.
Exploiting symmetry for the distributed control of spatially interconnected systems

This paper discusses distributed controller design and analysis for distributed systems with noncommutative symmetry groups. We show how recent results for designing control systems for spatially interconnected systems, based on semidefinite programming, are applicable to a much larger class of interconnection topologies. We also show how to exploit the form of the symmetry group to produce a hierarchy of decreasingly conservative analysis and synthesis conditions.
Detecting slow-moving landslides using InSAR phase-gradient stacking and deep-learning network

Landslides are a major geohazard that endangers human lives and properties. Recently, efforts have been made to use Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) for landslide monitoring. However, it is still difficult to effectively and automatically identify slow-moving landslides distributed over a large area due to phase unwrapping errors, decorrelation, troposphere turbulence and computational requirements. In this study, we develop a new approach combining phase-gradient stacking and a deep-learning network based on YOLOv3 to automatically detect slow-moving landslides from large-scale interferograms. Using Sentinel-1 SAR images acquired from 2014 to 2020, we developed a burst-based, phase-gradient stacking algorithm to sum up phase gradients in short-temporal-baseline interferograms along the azimuth and range directions. The stacked phase gradients clearly reveal the characteristics of localized surface deformation that is mainly caused by slow-moving landslides and avoids the errors due to phase unwrapping in partially decorrelated areas and atmospheric effects. Then, we trained the improved Attention-YOLOv3 network with stacked phase-gradient maps of manually labeled landslides to achieve quick and automatic detection. We applied our method in an ∼180,000 km2 area of southwestern China and identified 3,366 slow-moving landslides. By comparing the results with optical imagery and previously published landslides in this region, the proposed method can achieve automatic detection over a large area precisely and efficiently. From the derived landslide density map, we determined that most landslides are distributed along the three large rivers and their branches. In addition to some counties with known high-density landslides, approximately 10 more counties with high landslide density were exposed, which should attract more attention to their risks for geohazards. This application demonstrates the potential value of our newly developed method for slow-moving landslide detection over a nation-wide area, which can be employed before applying more time-consuming time-series InSAR analysis.
Quantitative trait loci identification and breeding value estimation of grain weight-related traits based on a new wheat 50K single nucleotide polymorphism array-derived genetic map

Mining novel and less utilized thousand grain weight (TGW) related genes are useful for improving wheat yield. In this study, a recombinant inbred line population from a cross between Zhongkemai 138 (ZKM138, high TGW) and Chuanmai 44 (CM44, low TGW) was used to construct a new Wheat 50K SNP array-derived genetic map that spanned 1,936.59 cM and contained 4, 139 markers. Based on this map, ninety-one quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected for eight grain-related traits in six environments. Among 58 QTLs, whose superior alleles were contributed by ZKM138, QTgw.cib-6A was a noticeable major stable QTL and was also highlighted by bulked segregant analysis with RNA sequencing (BSR-Seq). It had a pyramiding effect on TGW enhancement but no significant trade-off effect on grain number per spike or tiller number, with two other QTLs (QTgw.cib-2A.2 and QTgw.cib-6D), possibly explaining the excellent grain performance of ZKM138. After comparison with known loci, QTgw.cib-6A was deduced to be a novel locus that differed from nearby TaGW2 and TaBT1. Seven simple sequence repeat (SSR) and thirty-nine kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers were finally developed to narrow the candidate interval of QTgw.cib-6A to 4.1 Mb. Only six genes in this interval were regarded as the most likely candidate genes. QTgw.cib-6A was further validated in different genetic backgrounds and presented 88.6% transmissibility of the ZKM138-genotype and a 16.4% increase of TGW in ZKM138 derivatives. And the geographic pattern of this locus revealed that its superior allele is present in only 6.47% of 433 Chinese modern wheat varieties, indicating its potential contribution to further high-yield breeding.