Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teaching English Using Two Stay Two Stray in Improving Students' English Speaking Skills Integrated with Foreign Language Anxiety

This research investigated the teaching of English by using Two Stay Two Stray to improve the students’ speaking skill in the 10th-grade students of vocational schools, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The participants of this research were 28 students. The research utilized a classroom action research. The research covered two cycles and each cycle consisted of four steps they were; planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The research consisted of two cycles, and each cycle applied three parts, such as; pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The data collected were qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data were gained through observation and documentation. Meanwhile, the quantitative data was collected from the test. The researcher used SPSS 16.00 to analyze the quantitative data. The researcher found a significant improvement in students’ speaking skills after giving treatment using Two Stay Two Stray in cycle I and II. The improvement of using Two Stay Two Stray in improving the students’ speaking skill was significant. It can be seen from cycle I up to the cycle II. The result of the cycle I showed that the mean of post-test is higher than the the pre-test. The mean of the post-test was 66.14 and pre-test are 60.50. In cycle II, the mean of the post-test is higher than the mean of the pre-test. The mean score of post-test was 76.28 and pre-test are 66.14. The researcher concluded that using Two Stay Two Stray improved the 10th grade students’ speaking skill at vocational schools, West Nusa Tenggara Province.
Morally transgressive companies and sustainable guidelines: seeking redemption or abusing trust?

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the impact of a sustainable production action on consumer trust and purchase intention by a company involved in moral transgression and also analyze the effect on consumer trust and purchase intention if a company, after green marketing, is identified as greenwashing spreader. Design/methodology/approach This quantitative nature (n = 121) study uses scale’s discriminant and convergent validity analyses, structural equation modeling and Student’s t-test. Findings Even for previously morally transgressive brands, actions of social legitimation, such as embracing environmental causes, positively impact consumer trust and purchase intention. However, consumers drop brand trust and purchase intention when verifying that this action was greenwashing. Research limitations/implications Mediating or moderating variables of ecological awareness, such as religiosity or political view, were not tested. Practical implications This article combines the impact of positive, sustainable management actions for morally transgressive companies and the effects of new transgression on their sustainable management action. Thus, it aims to reduce the gap between organizational practice and management research. Social implications This article shows that embracing society’s emerging causes and helping the world be a better place to live, moving toward the 2030 United Nations agenda, have practical repercussions for organizations. Originality/value This article contributes both to the literature and managerial implications by combining the impact of positive, sustainable management actions for morally transgressive companies and the effects of new transgression on their sustainable management action, thus reducing the gap between management research and organizational practice by unveiling the relations between sustainable actions and their perceived consequences.
Reconnection of magnetic fields : magnetohydrodynamics and collisionless theory and observations

Preface Part I. Introduction: 1.1 The Sun E. R. Priest 1.2 Earth's magnetosphere J. Birn Part II. Basic Theory of MHD Reconnection: 2.1 Classical theory of two-dimensional reconnection T. G. Forbes 2.2 Fundamental concepts G. Hornig 2.3 Three-dimensional reconnection in the absence of magnetic null points G. Hornig 2.4 Three-dimensional reconnection at magnetic null points D. Pontin 2.5 Three-dimensional flux tube reconnection M. Linton Part III. Basic Theory of Collisionless Reconnection: 3.1 Fundamentals of collisionless reconnection J. Drake 3.2 Diffusion region physics M. Hesse 3.3 Onset of magnetic reconnection P. Pritchett 3.4 Hall-MHD reconnection A. Bhattacharjee and J. Dorelli 3.5 Role of current-aligned instabilities J. Buchner and W. Daughton 3.6 Nonthermal particle acceleration M. Hoshino Part IV. Reconnection in the Magnetosphere: 4.1 Reconnection at the magnetopause: concepts and models J. G. Dorelli and A. Bhattacharjee 4.2 Observations of magnetopause reconnection K. -H. Trattner 4.3 On the stability of the magnetotail K. Schindler 4.4 Simulations of reconnection in the magnetotail J. Birn 4.5 Observations of tail reconnection W. Baumjohann and R. Nakamura 4.6 Remote sensing of reconnection M. Freeman Part V. Reconnection in the Sun's Atmosphere: 5.1 Coronal heating E. R. Priest 5.2 Separator reconnection D. Longcope 5.3 Pinching of coronal fields V. Titov 5.4 Numerical experiments on coronal heating K. Galsgaard 5.5 Solar flares K. Kusano 5.6 Particle acceleration in flares: theory T. Neukirch 5.7 Fast particles in flares: observations L. Fletcher 6. Open problems J. Birn and E. R. Priest Bibliography Index.
Flow-level loss detection with Δ-sketches

Packet drops caused by congestion are a fundamental problem in network operation. Yet, it is difficult to detect where drops are happening, let alone which flows are most affected. Detecting the small-timescale drops caused by short bursts of traffic is even more challenging, and traditional monitoring techniques can easily miss them. To uncover packet drops as they occur inside a switch, the analysis must be real-time, fine-grained, and efficient. However, modern switches have distributed packet-processing pipelines that see either the arriving or departing traffic, but not the packet drops. Additionally, they do not have enough memory to store per-flow state. Our MIDST system addresses these challenges through a distributed compact data structure with lightweight coordination between ingress and egress pipelines. MIDST identifies the flows experiencing loss, as well as the bursty flows responsible, across different burst durations. Our evaluation with real-world traces and TCP connections shows that MIDST uses little memory (e.g., 320KB) while providing high accuracy (95% to 98%) under varying loss rates and burst durations. We evaluate a low-rate DDoS attack and demonstrate the potential use of our measurement results for attack detection and mitigation.
Supply and demand approaches to the urban residential property prices determination; transactions evidence from Nigeria

ABSTRACT This study provided an empirical framework that isolates the supply and demand perspectives in urban residential property transactions towards removing the information shield and asymmetry nature of property transaction information in Nigeria. A three-stage classical panel longitudinal design was adopted through feedback from completed transaction data on residential properties from the licensed estate agents. The study provided balanced and complete transaction information desired by the parties to any type of residential property transaction and bridged the wide gap between transaction expectation and actualization to prevent improper signalling in property transaction prescriptions. The study outcome generated vital indices and metrics for creating a complete property transaction database for the attraction of international professionals to participate in Nigeria’s urban property market transactions. This study is the first one in Nigeria to link the asking prices on sales and rental transactions in residential property transactions from the start to the conclusion.
Balanced-to-Unbalanced Quadrature Couplers With Wide-Band Common-Mode Suppression

In this paper, two types of balanced-to-unbalanced quadrature couplers with six hybrid ports and arbitrary power division ratio are proposed. For Type 1, the quadrature coupler can realize two power division functions, including balanced/unbalanced to balanced-unbalanced-hybrid, and for Type 2, the quadrature coupler contains balanced -to-unbalanced and unbalanced-to-balanced power division functions. To reduce the circuit size, double-sided parallel-strip line (DSPSL) swap structure is used to replace the half-wavelength transmission line, and compact circuit size can be easily achieved. To validate the performance of the quadrature couplers, two types of the balanced-to-unbalanced quadrature couplers centered at 1 GHz with power division ratios 1:1 and 3:1 are fabricated and measured, respectively. The common mode suppression higher than 10 dB (bandwidths over than 176%) can be realized, the isolation and in-band matching level can be also improved.
Design and characterization of frequency reconfigurable honey bee antenna for cognitive radio application

In this article, a frequency reconfigurable honey-bee compact microstrip monopole antenna is proposed which is fed by a microstrip line (50 Ω) having the capability of providing dual-band as well as triple-band operation in eight distinct modes. By embedding three PIN diodes overs the honey bee arms, the effective current distribution is controlled hence resonant frequency is also changed in eight distinct modes in real-time. This is the reason the proposed antenna is portrayed as a frequency reconfigurable antenna in this paper which is suitable for cognitive radio application. This proposed antenna can be used for various wireless application such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), wireless local area network (WLAN), C-band, and X-band applications. The proposed antenna possesses a planner geometry of 39×34×0.87 mm3 which is printed on a substrate as flexible FR-4 (lossy) (εr=4.4 and tanδ=0.019). The proposed antenna exhibits voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)<2 for all 19 resonant frequencies of interest and perceptible radiation pattern over entire frequency bands with a positive gain. CST microwave studio is used to find out all simulated results of antenna parameters.
Nitroglycerine-responsive ischemic irregular premature ventricular contractions post-failure of antiarrhythmic drugs in hypertensive crises and first-degree heart block

Nitroglycerin is a proven ordinarily prescribed short-acting anti-ischemic and antihypertensive medication. Historically, it is a peculiar antiarrhythmic agent. Nitroglycerin is mitigating anginal chest pain in coronary artery disease. However, coronary artery disease is a likely considerable cause of premature ventricular contractions. The irregular premature ventricular contractions exemplify a remarkable electrocardiographic cardiac issue. Concomitant presence of both the first-degree heart block and ischemic irregular premature ventricular contractions in hypertensive crises is extremely rare. First-degree heart block may be risky.
An overview of additive manufacturing methods, materials, and applications for flexible structures

Various types of additive manufacturing (AM) methods (also called 3D printing), and materials have been increasingly studied in the field of additive manufacturing of flexible structures such as fabrics, and flexible electronics. Polymer-based AM processes allow the flexibility, rapid, and low-cost fabrication of complex geometries depending on the types of materials used. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the major AM methods, materials, and their emerging applications to additively manufacture the flexible structures. In the AM methods section, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) are reviewed for fabrics, and Direct Ink Writing (DIW) for electronics. In the Materials section, the manufacturing methods, chemical structures, properties, advantages, and limitations of some of the widely used materials in three-dimensional (3D) printing of polymers are reviewed. Third, the applications of these methods and materials for fabrics, and electronics are covered. Finally, the associated opportunities and challenges in 3D printing process of flexible structures are described. The future research should be related to the exploration of combinations and development of innovative materials, printing process parameters, detail study on improving the properties, and hybrid 3D printing process.
Challenges in rating signed production: A mixed-methods study of a Swiss German Sign Language form-recall vocabulary test

Sign languages present particular challenges to language assessors in relation to variation in signs, weakly defined citation forms, and a general lack of standard-setting work even in long-established measures of productive sign proficiency. The present article addresses and explores these issues via a mixed-methods study of a human-rated form-recall sign vocabulary test of 98 signs for beginning adult learners of Swiss German Sign Language (DSGS), using post-test qualitative rater interviews to inform interpretation of the results of quantitative analysis of the test ratings using many-facets Rasch measurement. Significant differences between two expert raters were observed on three signs. The follow-up interview revealed disagreement on the criterion of correctness, despite the raters’ involvement in the development of the base lexicon of signs. The findings highlight the challenges of using human ratings to assess the production not only of sign language vocabulary, but of minority languages generally, and underscore the need for greater effort expended on the standardization of sign language assessment.
Twin peak HF QPOs as a spectral imprint of dual oscillation modes of accretion tori

Context. High frequency (millisecond) quasi-periodic oscillations (HF QPOs) are observed in the X-ray power-density spectra of several microquasars and low mass X-ray binaries. Two distinct QPO peaks, so-called twin peak QPOs, are often detected simultaneously exhibiting their frequency ratio close or equal to 3/2. A widely discussed class of proposed QPOs models is based on oscillations of accretion toroidal structures orbiting in the close vicinity of black holes or neutron stars. Aims. Following the analytic theory and previous studies of observable spectral signatures, we aim to model the twin peak QPOs as a spectral imprint of specific dual oscillation regime defined by a combination of the lowest radial and vertical oscillation mode of slender tori. We consider the model of an optically thick slender accretion torus with � � �
Design and Testing of a Hollow Continuum Magnetic Millirobot with Multimodal Motion

Magnetic continuum millirobots have presented outstanding potential in ultrahigh-precision engineering including minimally invasive surgery, due to their flexible mechanical structures and dexterous manipulation. Traditional continuum millirobots exhibit limited cargo-loading capacity, which restricts their application. Herein, we propose a novel design scheme of a magnetically actuated untethered hollow continuum millirobot. The millirobot is composed of silicone as the mainframe structure and two tiny magnets for actuation. To improve the loading capacity, partial silicone is removed to create a flexible cavity, which enables cargo delivery and potential in vivo sampling functions under wireless magnetic actuation. Theoretical analysis and experimental testing are conducted to reveal the effectiveness of the proposed design. The soft structure brings a new strategy to achieve multimodal motion including rolling, tumbling, and swinging. Moreover, the magnet part can generate a powerful magnetic force output for dexterous manipulation. These functionalities lay a foundation for playing a greater role in next-generation biomedical applications.
Deep Transfer Reinforcement Learning for Beamforming and Resource Allocation in Multi-Cell MISO-OFDMA Systems

Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is one of the promising technologies to satisfy the huge access demand and high data-rate requirement of the fifth generation (5G) networks. In this paper, we study the joint beamforming coordination and resource allocation in the downlink multi-cell multiple-input single-output OFDMA (MISO-OFDMA) systems. First, we divide the allocation framework into beamforming coordination and power allocation (BCPA) module and subcarrier allocation (SA) module. Then, we design a multi-agent deep Q-network (MADQN) algorithm for the allocation framework. Furthermore, we propose a MADQN-based transfer learning framework using knowledge distillation, which is called transfer learning-MADQN (TL-MADQN), to improve the adaptability of neural networks for different wireless schemes. TL-MADQN exploits neural networks and their parameters distilled from pre-trained agents and the experience collected from new agents so that the new agents complete their training process effectively and quickly in the new network environment. Finally, we adjust the allocation policy to maximize the sum data-rate for all users by updating the weights of each neural network. Simulation results show that the proposed MADQN algorithm achieves better performance than the baseline algorithms. Moreover, our TL-MADQN framework further improves the convergence speed and data-rate, which validates its effectiveness and superiority.
Machine Translation from Standard German to Alemannic Dialects

Machine translation has been researched using deep neural networks in recent years. These networks require lots of data to learn abstract representations of the input stored in continuous vectors. Dialect translation has become more important since the advent of social media. In particular, when dialect speakers and standard language speakers no longer understand each other, machine translation is of rising concern. Usually, dialect translation is a typical low-resourced language setting facing data scarcity problems. Additionally, spelling inconsistencies due to varying pronunciations and the lack of spelling rules complicate translation. This paper presents the best-performing approaches to handle these problems for Alemannic dialects. The results show that back-translation and conditioning on dialectal manifestations achieve the most remarkable enhancement over the baseline. Using back-translation, a significant gain of +4.5 over the strong transformer baseline of 37.3 BLEU points is accomplished. Differentiating between several Alemannic dialects instead of treating Alemannic as one dialect leads to substantial improvements: Multi-dialectal translation surpasses the baseline on the dialectal test sets. However, training individual models outperforms the multi-dialectal approach. There, improvements range from 7.5 to 10.6 BLEU points over the baseline depending on the dialect.
Challenges Facing the Use of Multimedia in Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools in Muhanga District, Rwanda

: Research has confirmed several benefits of using multimedia in teaching and learning including increased students’ interest in the lesson, and widening students’ knowledge and understanding. Multimedia teaching is credited to create a context for subject teaching as it stresses the role of students and enhances the importance of “interaction” between teachers and students. In addition, also promotes the capacity of students to communicate, trains and improves their ability to listen and speak, and to develop the communicative competence, a process during which, the teacher’s important role becomes that of a facilitator. In addition, using multimedia in teaching is also flexible; and the context can be created not only in the classroom but also after class. In a bid to improve the quality of education, the Government of Rwanda introduced the Competence-based curriculum in 2015; and rolled out a series of reforms to ensure the use of ICT and multimedia in teaching and learning in the country. Key initiatives for the high school education system included the creating smart classrooms in 2016, as well as the one-laptop per teacher program kicked-off in 2021. However, proper implementation relies on several factors such as availability and access to ICT and multimedia resources for teachers and students, as well as their expertise in using such tools. This study evaluates the challenges facing the use of multimedia in teaching and learning in Muhanga District, Rwanda; and draws pertinent recommendations to improve the quality of education through the use of multimedia in teaching and learning in Rwanda.
Some Biological Characteristics and Life Table of Heliothis peltigera (Denis Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Safflower

Biology and life table of Heliothis peltigera (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an important safflower pest, studied on two safflower varieties (Balcı and Dinçer) in the laboratory (25 ± 1 °C temperature, 65 ± 5% relative humidity and 16: 8 photoperiod). The longer pre-adult time of H. peltigera was found on Dinçer variety than Balcı variety, as 33.97±0.16 days, and 32.82±0.23 days, respectively. While the higher intrinsic rate of increase (r) (0.134±4.59 d-1), and the finite rate of increase (λ) (1.144±0.005 d-1) were estimated on Balcı variety, also shortest mean generation times were found on Balcı variety (37.49±0.34 days) than Dinçer variety (0.119±5.123 d-1, 1.126±0.005 d-1, and 39.25±0.40 days, respectively). According to these results, it was determined that Balcı variety was more suitable host plants than Dinçer variety for H. peltigera. These basic informations obtained in this study on H. peltigera will be useful for pest control and prefer to produce Dinçer variety that could be reducing of H. peltigera.
Numbers and Symmetry: An Introduction to Algebra

Chapter 1. New Numbers A Planeful of Integers, Z[i] Circular Numbers, Zn More Integers on the Number Line, Z [v2] Notes Chapter 2. The Division Algorithm Rational Integers Norms Gaussian Numbers Q (v2) Polynomials Notes Chapter 3. The Euclidean Algorithm Bezout's Equation Relatively Prime Numbers Gaussian Integers Notes Chapter 4. Units Elementary Properties Bezout's Equations Wilson's Theorem Orders of Elements: Fermat and Euler Quadratic Residues Z [v2] Notes Chapter 5. Primes Prime Numbers Gaussian Primes Z [v2] Unique Factorization into Primes Zn Notes Chapter 6. Symmetries Symmetries of Figures in the Plane Groups The Cycle Structure of a Permutation Cyclic Groups The Alternating Groups Notes Chapter 7. Matrices Symmetries and Coordinates Two-by-Two Matrices The Ring of Matrices M2(R) Units Complex Numbers and Quaternions Notes Chapter 8. Groups Abstract Groups Subgroups and Cosets Isomorphism The Group of Units of a Finite Field Products of Groups The Euclidean Groups E (1), E (2), and E (3) Notes Chapter 9. Wallpaper Patterns One-Dimensional Patterns Plane Lattices Frieze Patterns Space Groups The 17 Plane Groups Notes Chapter 10. Fields Polynomials Over a Field Kronecker's Construction of Simple Field Extensions Finite Fields Notes Chapter 11. Linear Algebra Vector Spaces Matrices Row Space and Echelon Form Inverses and Elementary Matrices Determinants Notes Chapter 12. Error-Correcting Codes Coding for Redundancy Linear Codes Parity-Check Matrices Cyclic Codes BCH Codes CDs Notes Chapter 13. Appendix: Induction Formulating the n-th Statement The Domino Theory: Iteration Formulating the Induction Statement Squares Templates Recursion Notes Chapter 14. Appendix: The Usual Rules Rings Notes Index