Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Vision dominates audition in adults but not children: A meta-analysis of the Colavita e ﬀ ect

The Colavita e ﬀ ect occurs when participants respond only to the visual element of an audio-visual stimulus. This visual dominance e ﬀ ect is proposed to arise from asymmetric facilitation and inhibition between modalities. It has also been proposed that, unlike adults, children appear predisposed to auditory information. We provide the ﬁ rst quantitative synthesis of studies exploring the Colavita e ﬀ ect, combining data from 70 experiments across 14 studies. A mixed-meta-regression model was applied to assess whether the Colavita e ﬀ ect is in ﬂ uenced by methodological factors and age group tested. Studies reporting response time data were used to test for the presence of asymmetrical facilitation between modalities. Studies with adult participants yielded a medium, approaching large, e ﬀ ect size. Studies exploring the Colavita e ﬀ ect in children yielded no Colavita e ﬀ ect. Across adult and child studies, no methodological factors in ﬂ uenced the e ﬀ ect. Contrary to asymmetrical facilitation, response time data suggested a general slowing under bimodal conditions. These ﬁ ndings suggest that whilst vision dominates in adults, this e ﬀ ect is absent in childhood.
Distributed Generalized Nash Equilibrium Seeking Algorithm Design for Aggregative Games Over Weight-Balanced Digraphs

In this paper, two aggregative games over weight-balanced digraphs are studied, where the cost functions of all players depend on not only their own decisions but also the aggregate of all decisions. In the first problem, the cost functions of players are differentiable with Lipschitz gradients, and the decisions of all players are coupled by linear coupling constraints. In the second problem, the cost functions are nonsmooth, and the decisions of all players are constrained by local feasibility constraints as well as linear coupling constraints. In order to seek the variational generalized Nash equilibrium (GNE) of the differentiable aggregative games, a continuous-time distributed algorithm is developed via gradient descent and dynamic average consensus, and its exponential convergence to the variational GNE is proven with the help of Lyapunov stability theory. Then, another continuous-time distributed projection-based algorithm is proposed for the nonsmooth aggregative games based on differential inclusions and differentiated projection operations. Moreover, the convergence of the algorithm to the variational GNE is analyzed by utilizing singular perturbation analysis. Finally, simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of our methods.
Patient-Centered Care in Primary Care Scale

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: Nurse contributions to patient-centered care in primary care clinics are all but ignored in standard patient experience surveys. Purpose: The purpose was to conduct a pilot study to develop and psychometrically assess a scale measuring nurses' and other providers' patient-centered care in Veteran Affairs primary care clinics. Method: We developed a patient experience survey composed of original items and previous studies' items and scales. The survey was field tested online with patients who had a recent clinic appointment. The nonrandom analytic sample comprised 221 patients. Results: Exploratory factor analyses yielded a 36-item, 4-factor solution explaining 76% of the variance. The factors were: (1) Provider Knowing the Person/Individualizing Care (18 items; α = 0.98); (2) Nurse Knowing the Person (8; 0.95); (3) Nurse Individualizing Care (7; 0.94); and (4) Continuity of Care (3; not calculated). A short form with 23 items was created using stepwise regression. It had the same 4 factors as the long form with 76% of the variance explained. Conclusions: Patients reported distinctive nurse contributions that have not been routinely measured.
Characteristics of healthcare organisations struggling to improve quality: results from a systematic review of qualitative studies

Background Identifying characteristics associated with struggling healthcare organisations may help inform improvement. Thus, we systematically reviewed the literature to: (1) Identify organisational factors associated with struggling healthcare organisations and (2) Summarise these factors into actionable domains. Methods Systematic review of qualitative studies that evaluated organisational characteristics of healthcare organisations that were struggling as defined by below-average patient outcomes (eg, mortality) or quality of care metrics (eg, Patient Safety Indicators). Searches were conducted in MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Web of Science from database inception through February 8 2018. Qualitative data were analysed using framework-based synthesis and summarised into key domains. Study quality was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool. Results Thirty studies (33 articles) from multiple countries and settings (eg, acute care, outpatient) with a diverse range of interviewees (eg, nurses, leadership, staff) were included in the final analysis. Five domains characterised struggling healthcare organisations: poor organisational culture (limited ownership, not collaborative, hierarchical, with disconnected leadership), inadequate infrastructure (limited quality improvement, staffing, information technology or resources), lack of a cohesive mission (mission conflicts with other missions, is externally motivated, poorly defined or promotes mediocrity), system shocks (ie, events such as leadership turnover, new electronic health record system or organisational scandals that detract from daily operations), and dysfunctional external relations with other hospitals, stakeholders, or governing bodies. Conclusions Struggling healthcare organisations share characteristics that may affect their ability to provide optimal care. Understanding and identifying these characteristics may provide a first step to helping low performers address organisational challenges to improvement. Systematic review registration PROSPERO: CRD42017067367.
Improving Safety after Abdominoplasty: A Retrospective Review of 1128 Cases

Background: Over the course of several decades, abdominoplasty has undergone numerous improvements, thereby improving patient safety. The choice of the site of the incision and the extent of the detachment directly influence the occurrence of the main complications. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out involving 1128 patients who underwent abdominoplasty between January of 1990 and June of 2014. The main postoperative complications were analyzed. Results: The hematoma rate was 5.7 percent; in addition, infections (4.5 percent), cutaneous necrosis (2.7 percent), seromas (2.7 percent), disunions (1.3 percent), and deep venous thrombosis (0.2 percent) were observed. Three main risk factors for complications were highlighted: age older than 40 years, obesity, and smoking. The authors noted a significant variation in the rate of complications depending on the technique used, with a substantial rate of necrosis in case of inverted-T abdominoplasty. Liposuction was not a source of complications, regardless of the patient’s background or the type of intervention. Conclusions: Abdominoplasty is currently a reliable technique that allows the abdomen to be repaired and quality of life to be restored. Other means remain to be explored to improve the overall treatment and to move toward a maximal reduction of the risks. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection Promotes the Growth of a Subpopulation of Tumor Cells in Three-Dimensional Uveal Melanoma Cultures

Cancer cells are exposed to HSV-1 during oncolytic virotherapy with the intention of killing tumor cells. Our observations reported here suggest that potential dangers of HSV-1 oncolytic therapy include promotion of growth of some tumor cells. Furthermore, our findings raise the possibility that HSV-1 infection of neoplastic cells during natural infections or vaccinations may promote the growth of tumors. Our study indicates that HSV-1 infection of 3D tumor cell cultures provides an experimental platform in which mechanisms of HSV-1-mediated promotion of tumor cell growth can be effectively studied. ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-mediated oncolytic therapy is an emerging cancer treatment modality with potential effectiveness against a variety of malignancies. To better understand the interaction of HSV-1 with neoplastic cells, we inoculated three-dimensional (3D) cultures of human uveal melanoma cells with HSV-1. 3D melanoma cultures were established by placing tumor cells on the surface of a Matrigel matrix, which was followed by the growth of tumor cells on the matrix surface and invasion of the Matrigel matrix by some tumor cells to form multicellular tumor spheroids within the matrix. When established 3D melanoma cultures were inoculated with HSV-1 by placing virus on the surface of cultures, virus infection caused extensive death of melanoma cells growing on the surface of the 3D matrix and significantly decreased the number of tumor cell spheroids within the matrix. However, HSV-1 infection did not lead to a complete destruction of tumor cells in the 3D cultures during a 17-day observation period and, surprisingly, HSV-1 infection promoted the growth of some melanoma cells within the matrix as determined by the significantly increased size of residual viable multicellular tumor spheroids in virus-inoculated 3D cultures at 17 days after virus inoculation. Acyclovir treatment inhibited HSV-1-induced tumor cell killing but did not block the virus infection-induced increase in spheroid size. These findings suggest that although HSV-1 oncolytic virotherapy may cause extensive tumor cell killing, it may also be associated with the unintended promotion of the growth of some tumor cells. IMPORTANCE Cancer cells are exposed to HSV-1 during oncolytic virotherapy with the intention of killing tumor cells. Our observations reported here suggest that potential dangers of HSV-1 oncolytic therapy include promotion of growth of some tumor cells. Furthermore, our findings raise the possibility that HSV-1 infection of neoplastic cells during natural infections or vaccinations may promote the growth of tumors. Our study indicates that HSV-1 infection of 3D tumor cell cultures provides an experimental platform in which mechanisms of HSV-1-mediated promotion of tumor cell growth can be effectively studied.
A Pan-STARRS1 Search for Substellar Young Moving Group Members

Abstract Young moving groups (YMGs) are coeval, comoving groups of stars which have migrated from their birthsites after formation. In the substellar regime, YMG members are key benchmarks to empirically define brown dwarf evolution with age and to study the lowest mass end of the initial mass function. We have combined Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) proper motions with optical+IR photometry from PS1, 2MASS and WISE to perform a large-scale (≈30,000 deg2) systematic search for substellar members down to ≈10 MJup. We have obtained near-IR spectroscopy of a large sample of ultracool candidate YMG members to assess their youth via gravity-sensitive absorption features. We have identified several new intermediate-gravity candidate members of the AB Dor Moving Group, potentially greatly expanding the substellar membership. These new candidate members bridge the gap between the known low-mass stellar and planetary-mass members and yield valuable insight into the spectral characteristics of young brown dwarfs.
Associations between household air pollution and reduced lung function in women and children in rural southern India

Half of the world's population still relies on solid fuels to fulfill its energy needs for cooking and space heating, leading to high levels of household air pollution (HAP), adversely affecting human health and the environment. A cross‐sectional cohort study was conducted to investigate any associations between: (1) HAP metrics (mass concentration of particulate matter of aerodynamic size less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), lung‐deposited surface area (LDSA) and carbon monoxide (CO)); (2) a range of household and socio‐demographic characteristics; and (3) lung function for women and children exposed daily to biomass cookstove emissions, in rural southern India. HAP measurements were collected inside the kitchen of 96 households, and pulmonary function tests were performed for the women and child in each enrolled household. Detailed questionnaires captured household characteristics, health histories and various socio‐demographic parameters. Simple linear and logistic regression analysis was performed to examine possible associations between the HAP metrics, lung function and all household/socio‐demographic variables. Obstructive lung defects (forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ lower limit of normal (LLN) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/FVC < LLN) were found in 8% of mothers and 9% of children, and restrictive defects (FVC < LLN and FEV1/FVC ≥ LLN) were found in 17% of mothers and 15% of children. A positive association between LDSA, included for the first time in this type of epidemiological study, and lung function was observed, indicating LDSA is a superior metric compared to PM2.5 to assess effects of PM on lung function. HAP demonstrated a moderate association with subnormal lung function in children. The results emphasize the need to look beyond mass‐based PM metrics to assess fully the association between HAP and lung function.
Implementation of Interventions for the Control of Typhoid Fever in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Abstract. Past research has focused on typhoid fever surveillance with little attention to implementation methods or effectiveness of control interventions. This study purposefully sampled key informants working in public health in Chile, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, South Africa, and Nigeria to 1) scope typhoid-relevant interventions implemented between 1990 and 2015 and 2) explore contextual factors perceived to be associated with their implementation, based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We used a mixed methods design and collected quantitative data (CFIR questionnaire) and qualitative data (interviews with 34 public health experts). Interview data were analyzed using a deductive qualitative content analysis and summary descriptive statistics are provided for the CFIR data. Despite relatively few typhoid-specific interventions reportedly implemented in these countries, interventions for diarrheal disease control and regulations for food safety and food handlers were common. Most countries implemented agricultural and sewage treatment practices, yet few addressed the control of antibiotic medication. Several contextual factors were perceived to have influenced the implementation of typhoid interventions, either as enablers (e.g., economic development) or barriers (e.g., limited resources and habitual behaviors). Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research factors rated as important in the implementation of typhoid interventions were remarkably consistent across countries. The findings provide a snapshot of typhoid-relevant interventions implemented over 25 years and highlight factors associated with implementation success from the perspective of a sample of key informants. These findings can inform systematic investigations of the implementation of typhoid control interventions and contribute to a better understanding of the direct effects of implementation efforts.
Miniaturized design of CPW-Fed slot antennas using slits

A novel miniaturized design of coplanar waveguide(CPW)-fed slot antenna using slits on both sides of the slot is presented. The resonant frequency of the antenna is decreased obviously by etching slits around the slot. This letter illustrates the mechanism of miniaturization and key dimension parameter analysis. A novel antenna with 33.3% size reduction was designed. Simulation results of the antenna show that it works at 2.45GHz with 240MHz bandwidth. The radiation characteristics of the presented antenna has good omnidirectional performance which is similar to the dipole antenna.
The Effect of an Automated Phone Warning and Health Advisory System on Adaptation to High Heat Episodes and Health Services Use in Vulnerable Groups—Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Study

Automated phone warning systems are increasingly used by public health authorities to protect the population from the adverse effects of extreme heat but little is known about their performance. To fill this gap, this article reports the result of a study on the impact of an automated phone heat warning system on adaptation behaviours and health services use. A sample of 1328 individuals vulnerable to heat was constituted for this purpose and participants were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The day before a heat episode, a phone heat warning was sent to the treatment group. Data were obtained through two surveys before and one survey after the heat warning issuance. The results show that members of the treatment group were more aware of how to protect themselves from heat and more likely to adopt the recommended behaviours. Moreover, a much smaller proportion of women in this group used the health-care system compared to the control group. Thus, the exposure to an automated phone warning seems to improve the adaptation to heat and reduce the use of health services by some important at-risk groups. This method can thus be used to complement public health interventions aimed at reducing heat-related health risks.
MicroRNA hsa-miR-324-5p Suppresses H5N1 Virus Replication by Targeting the Viral PB1 and Host CUEDC2

Highly pathogenic influenza A virus (HPAIV) continues to pose a pandemic threat globally. From 2003 to 2017, H5N1 HPAIV caused 453 human deaths, giving it a high mortality rate (52.74%). This work shows that miR-324-5p suppresses H5N1 HPAIV replication by directly targeting the viral genome (thereby inhibiting viral gene expression) and cellular CUEDC2 gene, the negative regulator of the interferon pathway (thereby enhancing antiviral genes). Our study enhances the knowledge of the role of microRNAs in the cellular response to viral infection. Also, the study provides help in understanding how the host cells utilize small RNAs in controlling the viral burden. ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that are crucial posttranscriptional regulators for host mRNAs. Recent studies indicate that miRNAs may modulate host response during RNA virus infection. However, the role of miRNAs in immune response against H5N1 infection is not clearly understood. In this study, we showed that expression of cellular miRNA miR-324-5p was downregulated in A549 cells in response to infection with RNA viruses H5N1, A/PR8/H1N1, and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and transfection with poly(I·C). We found that miR-324-5p inhibited H5N1 replication by targeting the PB1 viral RNA of H5N1 in host cells. In addition, transcriptome analysis revealed that miR-324-5p enhanced the expression of type I interferon, type III interferon, and interferon-inducible genes (ISGs) by targeting CUEDC2, the negative regulator of the JAK1-STAT3 pathway. Together, these findings highlight that the miR-324-5p plays a crucial role in host defense against H5N1 by targeting viral PB1 and host CUEDC2 to inhibit H5N1 replication. IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic influenza A virus (HPAIV) continues to pose a pandemic threat globally. From 2003 to 2017, H5N1 HPAIV caused 453 human deaths, giving it a high mortality rate (52.74%). This work shows that miR-324-5p suppresses H5N1 HPAIV replication by directly targeting the viral genome (thereby inhibiting viral gene expression) and cellular CUEDC2 gene, the negative regulator of the interferon pathway (thereby enhancing antiviral genes). Our study enhances the knowledge of the role of microRNAs in the cellular response to viral infection. Also, the study provides help in understanding how the host cells utilize small RNAs in controlling the viral burden.
Feasible Transmission Strategies for Downlink MIMO in Sparse Millimeter-Wave Channels

Addressing the disruptive capacity requirements of 5G networks calls for a thorough exploration of multiple technological solutions. Two promising approaches are i) the use of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technologies that enable multiplicative capacity gains, and ii) the exploration of new frequency bands to enlarge available bandwidth. While millimeter spectrum, one of the main bands under study, poses significant challenges due to its cumbersome propagation characteristics (particularly severe path loss and channel sparsity), its 10-fold frequency increase favors the deployment of reduced-size large antenna arrays for massive MIMO. However, the high cost and power consumption of its required signal mixers and analog-to-digital converters precludes mmWave beamforming from being performed entirely at baseband using digital precoders. A possible cost-effective alternative is the hybrid precoding transceiver architecture, which combines digital and analog precoders. In this article, we exploit the sparse nature of the channel to unveil an advantage in the design of the hybrid precoder. Specifically, by reformulating the hybrid precoder design as a matrix factorization problem and adopting an atomic norm minimization approach, we propose a new hybrid precoding algorithm that takes advantage of the sparse nature of the mmWave channel to approach the performance of the optimal fully digital precoder. Simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm can approach the performance achieved by unconstrained digital beamforming solutions.
A Distributed and Context-Aware Task Assignment Mechanism for Collaborative Mobile Edge Computing

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is an emerging technology that leverages computing, storage, and network resources deployed at the proximity of users to offload their delay-sensitive tasks. Various existing facilities including mobile devices with idle resources, vehicles, and MEC servers deployed at base stations or road side units, could act as edges in the network. Since task offloading incurs extra transmission energy consumption and transmission latency, two key questions to be addressed in such an environment are (i) should the workload be offloaded to the edge or computed in terminals? (ii) Which edge, among the available ones, should the task be offloaded to? In this paper, we formulate the task assignment problem as a one-to-many matching game which is a powerful tool for studying the formation of a mutual beneficial relationship between two sets of agents. The main goal of our task assignment mechanism design is to reduce overall energy consumption, while satisfying task owners’ heterogeneous delay requirements and supporting good scalability. An intensive simulation is conducted to evaluate the efficiency of our proposed mechanism.