Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form in undergraduate students and clinical patients

Background: The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) is a 25-item measuring tool evaluating maladaptive personality traits for diagnosis of personality disorders(PDs). As a promising scale, its impressive psychometric properties has been verified in some countries, however, there has no studies about the utility of PID-5-BF in Chinese settings. The current study aimed to examine cultural applicability of the Chinese version of PID-5-BF among undergraduate students and clinical patients.Methods: 7155 undergraduate students and 451 clinical patients completed the Chinese version of PID-5-BF. 228 students were chosen randomly for test-retest reliability at a 4-week interval. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to discover the most suitable construct in Chinese, measurement invariance(MI), internal consistency and external validity were also calculated. Results: An exploratory six-factor model was supported more suitable in both samples(Undergraduate sample: CFI = 0.905, TLI = 0.888, RMSEA = 0.044, SRMR = 0.039; Clinical sample: CFI = 0.904, TLI = 0.886, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.060), adding a new factor“Interpersonal Relationships”. Measurement invariance across non-clinical and clinical sample was established(configural, weak, strong MI, and partial strict MI). Aside from acceptable internal consistency(Undergraduate sample: alpha=0.84, MIC=0.21; Clinical sample: alpha=0.86, MIC=0.19) and test-retest reliability(0.73), the association with 220-item PID-5 was significant(r = 0.93, p < 0.01), and six PDs measured by Personality diagnostic questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) was correlated with expected domains of PID-5-BF. Conclusions: The Chinese version of the PID-5-BF showed satisfactory psychometric properties, which is a convenient and useful screening tool for personality disorders.
Determination of Physicochemical and Antifungal Properties of Nanoliposome Containing Rhinacanthin-C Extracted from Rhinacanthus nasutus Leaves

Nanoliposome containing rhinacanthin-C can be prepared by using modified ethanol injection method. The two best formulations composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), cholesterol (CHL) and Tween 80 (T80) in a molar ratio of 1:1:0 (F19) and 1:1:0.5 (F28) with the total phospholipids 40 mol/mL containing rhinacanthin-C 4 mg per 3 mL were obtained. Their physicochemical characterization and antifungal activities were investigated and compared with pure rhinacanthin-C. The encapsulating efficiencies of rhinacanthin-C of the two formulas were 94.69 ± 1.20 % (F19) and 84.94 ± 1.32 % (F28), respectively. Their particles sizes were in the range of nanometer about 221.4 ± 13.76 and 115.8 ± 23.33 nm, with zeta potential values of -38.16 and -40.98 mV for F19 and F28, respectively. The stability study of nanoliposome particles were performed by storing at room temperature in a container protected from light for a period of three months. The result demonstrated that the particle size of nanoliposome of the two formulations were stable during first two months and slightly decreased after storage for three months. A reversed-phase highperformance liquid chromatography was used to determined amount of rhinacanthin-C in liposome during six months storage in various conditions (buffer solutions pH 4.0, 6.6 and 10.0). The result showed that at pH 4.0 and 6.6, liposome containing rhinacanthin-C (F19) could maintain amount of rhinacanthin-C more than 80% for up to three months. Formulation number 28 could maintain amount of rhinacanthin-C more than 80% up to two and three months when storage in pH 4.0 and 6.6, respectively. Both formulations could maintain stability of rhinacanthin-C better than pure rhinacanthin-C in solutions with the same pH. At pH 10.0 the both liposome formulations could preserve amount of rhinacanthin-C more than 80% for only 7
Low-carbon Efficiency Model Evaluation of China’s Iron and Steel Enterprises Based on Data and Empirical Evidence

: The aim of this study is to consider the economic, resource, energy and environmental factors in a low-carbon economic efficiency evaluation system and to analyze the factors affecting iron and steel enterprises. A combined data envelopment analysis and Malmquist index model have been used in this paper. We empirically investigate the low-carbon efficiency of the Chinese steel industry using observations of 17 listed enterprises from 2009 to 2013. The results show that the economic efficiency of China’s iron & steel enterprises is generally low. The Malmquist productivity index also shows a decreasing trend. Based on our findings, some policies are proposed to improve the low-carbon economic efficiency of China’s steel industry.
Remineralization Potential of a Novel Silver Nanoparticle Rinse on Severely Demineralized Enamel In-vitro: A 14-Day Trial

Although fluoride-based remineralization systems have dominated prevention for the last century, new and innovative approaches are changing the preventative landscape in dental medicine. With the advent of nanotechnology, a wealth of new materials has become available to aid in remineralizing high risk tooth surfaces. While respecting traditional approaches, utilizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for remineralization has unexplored potential for use via novel mechanisms for rehardening enamel surfaces. It was the purpose of this study to examine the remineralization potential of a novel rinse containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on severely demineralized enamel in vitro.
Short-Term Optimization of a Combined Cycle Power Plant Integrated With an Inlet Conditioning Unit

Under new scenarios with high shares of renewable electricity, combined cycle gas turbines (CCGTs) are required to improve their flexibility to help balance the power system. Simultaneously, liberalization of electricity markets and the complexity of its hourly price dynamics are affecting the CCGT profitability, leading the need for optimizing its operation. An inlet conditioning unit (ICU) offers the benefit of power augmentation and “minimum environmental load” (MEL) reduction by controlling the gas turbine (GT) inlet temperature using cold thermal energy storage (TES) and a heat pump (HP). Consequently, an evaluation of a CCGT integrated with this unit including a day-ahead optimized operation strategy was developed in this study. To establish the hourly dispatch of the power plant and the operation mode of the ICU, a mixed-integer linear programing (MILP) optimization was formulated, aiming to maximize the operational profit of the plant within a 24 h horizon. To assess the impact of the unit operating under this dispatch strategy, historical data have been used to perform annual simulations of a reference power plant located in Turin, Italy. Results indicate that the power plant's operational profit increases by achieving a wider operational range during peak and off-peak periods. For the specific case study, it is estimated that the net present value (NPV) of the CCGT integrated with the ICU is 0.5% higher than the CCGT without it. Results also show that the unit reduces the MEL by approximately 1.34% and can increase the net power output by 0.17% annually.
How (Carbon) Negative Is Direct Air Capture? Life Cycle Assessment of an Industrial Temperature-Vacuum Swing Adsorption Process

Current climate targets require negative emissions. Direct air capture (DAC) is a promising negative emission technology, but energy and materials demands lead to trade-offs with indirect emissions and other environmental impacts. Here, we show by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) that the first commercial DAC plants in Hinwil and Hellisheiði can achieve negative emissions already today with carbon capture efficiencies of 85.4 % and 93.1 %. Climate benefits of DAC, however, depend strongly on the energy source. When using low-carbon energy, as in Hellisheiði, adsorbent choice and plant construction become important with up to 45 and 15 gCO2e per kg CO2 captured, respectively. Large-scale deployment of DAC for 1 % of the global annual CO2 emissions would not be limited by material and energy availability. However, current small-scale production of amines for adsorbent production would be needed to be scaled up by an order of magnitude. Other environmental impacts would increase by less than 0.057 %. Energy source and efficiency are essential for DAC to enable both negative emissions and low-carbon fuels.
The role of locus of control and self-perception in the relationship between cyberbullying and depression, anxiety and stress in emerging adults

The present study aims at identifying the mediator role of the self-perception and the moderator role of locus of control in the relationship between cyberbullying and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Seventy-two emerging adults between 20 to 25 years old were included in the study, filling in a series of measuring instruments for cyberbullying, self-perception, locus of control and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The results were statistically significant in terms of the role of self-perception as mediator in the relationship between cyber-victimization and depressive symptoms. Moreover, statistical results show that the global self-worth dimension of the self-perception construct and the school competence dimension are also mediators of the relationship between cyber-victimization and depressive symptoms. An increased level of cyber-victimization causes a low level of self-perception, which will cause an increased level of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. As regards the moderator role of locus of control, the results were not statistically significant in the case of the sample included in the study, locus of control does not moderate the relationship between cyberbullying and depression, anxiety and stress symptoms.
Harmonization of global land use change and management for the period 850–2100 (LUH2) for CMIP6

Abstract. Human land use activities have resulted in large changes to the biogeochemical and biophysical properties of the Earth's surface, with consequences for climate and other ecosystem services. In the future, land use activities are likely to expand and/or intensify further to meet growing demands for food, fiber, and energy. As part of the World Climate Research Program Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), the international community has developed the next generation of advanced Earth system models (ESMs) to estimate the combined effects of human activities (e.g., land use and fossil fuel emissions) on the carbon–climate system. A new set of historical data based on the History of the Global Environment database (HYDE), and multiple alternative scenarios of the future (2015–2100) from Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) teams, is required as input for these models. With most ESM simulations for CMIP6 now completed, it is important to document the land use patterns used by those simulations. Here we present results from the Land-Use Harmonization 2 (LUH2) project, which smoothly connects updated historical reconstructions of land use with eight new future projections in the format required for ESMs. The harmonization strategy estimates the fractional land use patterns, underlying land use transitions, key agricultural management information, and resulting secondary lands annually, while minimizing the differences between the end of the historical reconstruction and IAM initial conditions and preserving changes depicted by the IAMs in the future. The new approach builds on a similar effort from CMIP5 and is now provided at higher resolution (0.25∘×0.25∘) over a longer time domain (850–2100, with extensions to 2300) with more detail (including multiple crop and pasture types and associated management practices) using more input datasets (including Landsat remote sensing data) and updated algorithms (wood harvest and shifting cultivation); it is assessed via a new diagnostic package. The new LUH2 products contain > 50 times the information content of the datasets used in CMIP5 and are designed to enable new and improved estimates of the combined effects of land use on the global carbon–climate system.
A Review of ARM Processor Architecture History, Progress and Applications

Globally, over 50 billion ARM architecture based embedded chips of 32-bit and 64-bit instruction set architecture are commonly used and produced in quantity perspective since 2014. In our daily life most of the people uses and depends upon a penalty of electrical and automotive devices which have now become an essential part of their daily life. Due to that reason embedded processors are used to build such devices which takes less silicone-space, provides efficient processing and less power.
Piece of the Puzzle: Remdesivir disassemble the multimeric SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Non-Structural Proteins (RdRp-NSPs) complex

The recently emerged SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has continued to spread rapidly among humans with alarming upsurges in global mortality rates. A major key to tackling this virus is to disrupt its RNA replication process as previously reported for Remdesivir (Rem-P3). For the first time, we modeled the binding of Rem-P3 to SARS-CoV-2 RdRp-NSPs complex, a multimeric assembly that drives viral RNA replication in human hosts. Findings revealed that while ATP-binding stabilized the replicative tripartite, Rem-P3 disintegrated the RdRp-NSP complex, starting with the detachment of the NSP7-NSP8 heterodimer followed by minimal displacement of the second NSP8 subunit (NSP8II). More so, Rem-P3 interacted with a relatively higher affinity (ΔGbind) while inducing high perturbations across the RdRp-NSP domains. D452, T556, V557, S682, and D760 were identified for their crucial roles in stacking the cyano-adenosine and 3,4-dihydroxyoxolan rings of Rem-P3 while its flexible P3 tail extended towards the palm domain blocking D618 and K798; a residue-pair identified for essential roles in RNA replication. However, ATP folded away from D618 indicative of a more coordinated binding favorable for nucleotide polymerization. We believe findings from this study will significantly contribute to the structure-based design of novel disruptors of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA replicative machinery.
Isolation of Artonin E from the root bark of Artocarpus rigida, synthesis of Artonin E acetate and evaluation of anticancer activity

Artonin E was isolated from the root bark of A. rigida. The isolated compound was then esterified using a known procedure by the addition of acetic anhydride with pyridine catalyst. The structure of the synthesized compound was carefully determined by physical and spectroscopic techniques and compared to the data in the literature. The anticancer activity test against murine leukemia cancer cells P-388 showed that the ester compound has good activity with an IC50 of 2.79 μg/mL and much better stability during storage compared to Artonin E itself.
Bottom-to-top continuous irrigation of treated municipal wastewater for effective nitrogen removal and high quality rice for animal feeding

A bench-scale experiment to cultivate rice for animal feeding with continuous irrigation of treated municipal wastewater (TWW) in six different conditions was carried out to examine nitrogen removal from TWW, yield and quality of harvested rice, and accumulation of heavy metals in soil and rice grains. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) system comprising graphite felt electrodes was also installed to generate electricity in the paddy field. The highest rice yield (9.0 ton/ha), dry mass (12.4 ton/ha), and protein content (13.1%), an important nutrient in animal feed, were obtained when a bottom-to-top irrigation (TWW was supplied to the underdrain pipe) was applied at the highest flow rate. The bottom-to-top irrigation achieved 79 to 91% removal of nitrogen in TWW, which was much higher than the top-to-top irrigation (58%). No accumulation of heavy metals was found in the experimental soils, and heavy metal concentrations in brown rice were lower than the allowable levels of current standards. The electric output from the MFC system was much lower than that reported in normal paddy fields, probably due to the poor connection between cables and electrodes. Further study is necessary to improve the electricity generation and to continuously monitor heavy metals in brown rice and the soil.
Exposure to occupational hazards among bakers and their coping mechanisms in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana

Background: Despite the contribution of the baking industry to employment creation and income generation in low-and middle-income countries, the sector is also prone to occupational health and safety challenges which could undermine the quality of life and wellbeing of bakers within the industry. However, studies on the exposure to occupational hazards among bakers and the strategies they employ to control their exposure to occupational hazards are still lacking in Ghana. In this study, we aimed at examining the exposure to occupational hazards among bakers in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana and further explore their coping mechanisms. Methods: By employing a cross-sectional design, the study was conducted among 172 bakers in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. A questionnaire consisting of both closed and open-ended questions was used to take data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were adopted to analyze the data. Results: We found that the participants were exposed to different types of occupational hazards including physical (noise, flour dust/smoke, fire, and high temperature), biological (mosquitoes, insects and rodents), psychosocial (stress, verbal abuse, and poor interpersonal relationship), chemical (chemicals in the local soap used to clean and wash napkins after baking), and ergonomic hazards (standing, sitting and bending repetitively). Some of the coping mechanisms employed to reduce exposure to the various types of occupational hazards comprise the use of a wooden and metallic peel to place and remove bread from the oven, removing excess fire from the oven with a peel, use of mosquito repellent and coil, rest breaks and staying hydrated. Conclusion: The findings from this study are therefore critical to informing policymakers in implementing occupational health and safety policies to safeguard the health of bakers in Ghana and other low-and middle-income countries. We suggest that there should be participatory and action-oriented programs organized for bakers at their weekly meetings to discuss relevant occupational health and safety issues. Union executives should carry out worksite inspection accompanied by a checklist to monitor the progress of the sessions held during meetings.
An Investigation of Terrain-Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions Along the Coastal Regions of North America

Abstract : The long-term goal of this project is to improve our understanding of: (1) the structure, evolution, and dynamics of the interaction of extratropical fronts/cyclones with the coastal orography, (2) air-sea interactions associated with coastal fronts and rapidly deepening cyclones along the East Coast, and (3) the ability of mesoscale models to simulate coastal phenomena at high resolution.
A comparison of estimates of global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil carbon sources

Abstract. Since the first estimate of global CO2 emissions was published in 1894, important progress has been made in the development of estimation methods while the number of available datasets has grown. The existence of parallel efforts should lead to improved accuracy and understanding of emissions estimates, but there remains significant deviation between estimates and relatively poor understanding of the reasons for this. Here I describe the most important global emissions datasets available today and – by way of global, large-emitter, and case examples – quantitatively compare their estimates, exploring the reasons for differences. In many cases differences in emissions come down to differences in system boundaries: which emissions sources are included and which are omitted. With minimal work in harmonising these system boundaries across datasets, the range of estimates of global emissions drops to 5 %, and further work on harmonisation would likely result in an even lower range, without changing the data. Some potential errors were found, and some discrepancies remain unexplained, but it is shown to be inappropriate to conclude that uncertainty in emissions is high simply because estimates exhibit a wide range. While “true” emissions cannot be known, by comparing different datasets methodically, differences that result from system boundaries and allocation approaches can be highlighted and set aside to enable identification of true differences, and potential errors. This must be an important way forward in improving global datasets of CO2 emissions. Data used to generate Figs. 3–18 are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3687042 (Andrew, 2020).
Crystallographic and Morphological Transformation of Natrite and Nahcolite in the Dry Carbonate Process for CO2 Capture

The reversible reaction between natrite (Na2CO3) and nahcolite (NaHCO3) is at the root of the dry carbonate process (DCP) recently proposed for the capture of CO2. In this manuscript, the crystallographic transformations that take place during carbonation of natrite in the presence of CO2 and H2O to produce nahcolite and the reversible decarbonation of nahcolite under realistic conditions have been studied by in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. Carbonation shows a great diversity of emerging phases with the presence of trona (Na2CO3·NaHCO3·2H2O), wegscheiderite (Na2CO3·3NaHCO3), and thermonatrite (Na2CO3·H2O) in addition to natrite and nahcolite. On the other hand, decarbonation occurs through the decomposition of nahcolite only in natrite. An analysis of the crystallite size of the intervening phases by means of the Le Bail method reveals that natrite generally has a larger crystallite size (∼300 nm) than the rest of phases during carbonation. In decarbonation, the crystallite size of natri.
A new parameterization of ice heterogeneous nucleation coupled to aerosol chemistry in WRF-Chem model version 3.5.1: evaluation through ISDAC measurements

Abstract. In the Arctic, during polar night and early spring, ice clouds are separated into two leading types of ice clouds (TICs): (1) TIC1 clouds characterized by a large concentration of very small crystals and TIC2 clouds characterized by a low concentration of large ice crystals. Using a suitable parameterization of heterogeneous ice nucleation is essential for properly representing ice clouds in meteorological and climate models and subsequently understanding their interactions with aerosols and radiation. Here, we describe a new parameterization for ice crystal formation by heterogeneous nucleation in water-subsaturated conditions coupled to aerosol chemistry in the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem). The parameterization is implemented in the Milbrandt and Yau (2005a, b) two-moment cloud microphysics scheme, and we assess how the WRF-Chem model responds to the run-time interaction between chemistry and the new parameterization. Well-documented reference cases provided us with in situ data from the spring 2008 Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC) over Alaska. Our analysis reveals that the new parameterization clearly improves the representation of the ice water content (IWC) in polluted or unpolluted air masses and shows the poor performance of the reference parameterization in representing ice clouds with low IWC. The new parameterization is able to represent TIC1 and TIC2 microphysical characteristics at the top of the clouds, where heterogenous ice nucleation is most likely occurring, even with the known bias of simulated aerosols by WRF-Chem over the Arctic.