Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION OF MODEL CUTTING-OIL WATER EMULSIONS USING PARAFFINIC OIL AND IONIC/NONIONIC SURFACTANT MIXTURE.

ABSTRACT Cutting-oil emulsions are marketed under the shape of concentrates that the user has to dilute. More often these concentrates are monophasic microemulsions. We show that this kind of microemulsions may be obtained while relying on the generalized concept of Winsor, which guides the manipulation of three formulation parameters, which in turn rationally modify the surfactant interactions with the oily and the aqueous phases. The model concentrates that we have formulated contain six constituents. The oily phase is constituted of paraffinic oil and normal decanol. The aqueous phase is a solution of monoethanolamine borate in water whose hardness is fixed at 40°f. The active mixture contains a hydrophilic surfactant and a lipophilic surfactant. We have formulated concentrates presenting an excellent ability to dilution, a very good stability to the hardness of water and pHs in agreement with the cutting fluid specification sheets, while identifying the formulation parameters to the mass ratio of normal decanol in the oily phase, to the mass ratio of monoethanolainine borate in the aqueous phase and to the mass ratio of the hydrophilic surfactant in the active mixture.
In vitro controlled release of polymeric drug-saccharide conjugates with ketoprofen, ibuprofen, and naproxen pendants

Polymerizable monomers of glucose and three types of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were prepared. Free radical polymerization of the resulting monomers was carried out in DMF. The polymers with drug pendent were characterized using FTIR, NMR, and GPC spectroscopy. Following hydrolysis of polymeric drug-saccharide conjugates at 37°C, the cumulative released of naproxen, ibuprofen, and ketoprofen were 70, 55, and 30% after 10 days, respectively. Half-lives (t1/2) of the copolymers were calculated through the first 12 h and these were found to be 4.2, 5.3, and 7.8 h, suggesting a slow and sustained drug release mechanism. The drug release profiles were also carried out at different pH, temperature, and ionic strength and solution varieties. It was concluded that different release profiles occurred and were dependent on temperature and pH. It was apparent that the polymeric drug-saccharide conjugate had the potential to be developed as a system that enhances drug delivery. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Influence of molecular weight on the melting and phase structure of random copolymers of ethylene

The melting temperatures and phase structures of a series of hydrogenated polybutadienes with fixed co-unit content (2.3 mol% branch points) and varying molecular weighs have been studied. Also studied were a set of random ethylene-hexene copolymers with a lower co-unit content. The observed melting temperatures, after a variety of crystallization procedures, were found to decrease with increasing molecular weight for both copolymer types. This result could be attributed to the decreasing crystallite thickness in the chain direction with molecular weight
Effect of Soaking Time on the Pasting Properties of Two Cultivars of Trifoliate Yam (Dioscorea dumetorum) Flours

This study was carried out to determine the effect of soaking time on the pasting properties of two cultivars of trifoliate yam flour. The tubers were peeled, washed, sliced and kept under running tap water for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. They were dried at 50°C for 48 h. The dried samples were milled, sieved (600 µm) and packaged. Pasting properties were determined using Rapid Visco Analyzer and statistical analysis was carried out to test for significant difference (p < 0.05) using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Among the white cultivar samples, the sample WH60 had the highest peak viscosity, holding strength and final viscosity of 87.93, 68.34 and 128.34 RVU, respectively. Breakdown value of the untreated white sample (WHR) was significantly different (p < 0.05) from other white samples. There were no significant differences (p < 0.05) in setback values for samples soaked for 60, 90 and 120 min. Also, the yellow cultivar follow the same trend with the sample YL60 having the highest peak viscosity, holding strength, breakdown value and final viscosity of 80.32, 73.39, 6.93 and 138.15 RVU, respectively. Setback value for sample YL90 was significantly different (p < 0.05) from other samples. Pasting temperature and pasting time ranged from 74.25-76.60°C and 4.62-5.35 min, respectively. Among the two cultivars, WH60 had the highest peak viscosity while YL60 had the highest holding strength and final viscosity. The yellow samples had lower breakdown values than the white samples. The flour samples from the two cultivars can be used in the food industries for baking and as thickeners.
Void reactivity evaluation by modified conversion ratio measurements in LWR critical experiments

We have developed a void reactivity evaluation method by using modified conversion ratio measurements in a light water reactor (LWR) critical lattice. Assembly-wise void reactivity is evaluated from the “finite neutron multiplication factor”, k*, deduced from the modified conversion ratio of each fuel rod. The distributions of modified conversion ratio and k* on a reduced-moderation LWR lattice, for which the improvement of negative void reactivity is a serious issue, were measured. Measured values were analyzed with a continuous-energy Monte Carlo method. The measurements and analyses agreed within the measurement uncertainty. The developed method is useful for validating the nuclear design methodology concerning void reactivity.
Powder diffraction beyond the Bragg law: study of palladium nanocrystals

An experimental method of measurement of the subtle changes of structure of metal nanocrystals occurring on chemisorption of oxygen, interaction with inert gas and hydrogen, etc., is proposed. The measured patterns and their evolution are interpreted via atomistic simulations. Described are quantitative observations of the changes in peak position, intensity and half width of the 111 diffraction peak of a palladium catalyst caused by modifying the gaseous environment. The results of the measurements are in line with an atomistic model proposed earlier and prove that the measured average lattice constant of palladium clusters evolves according to their surface relaxation. The evolution of the measured peak intensity suggests surface ordering effects and was used to propose a detailed structural model of nanocrystalline metal particles. The transition of palladium into β-Pd-H in hydrogen under normal conditions was used as a structure probe and provided evidence for the presence of icosahedral clusters in a highly dispersed catalyst. The icosahedral phase is not significantly modified under hydrogen atmosphere and does not transform into the β hydride.
Optimally designed moderately inverted double gate SOI MOSFETs for low-power RFICs

A design methodology to significantly enhance peak values of two key analogue/RF performance metrics-–gm2/Ids and gmfT/Ids—without degrading linearity metric (VIP3) in moderately inverted MOSFETs is demonstrated. An impressive improvement of 22% in gm2/Ids and more than twice in gmfT/Ids can be achieved by adopting optimal underlap source/drain (S/D) architecture instead of a conventional abrupt S/D design. Apart from the well-known reduction in the voltage gain (gm/gds), it is demonstrated that linearity degradation is expected to be a major bottleneck for scaling low-power and energy efficient devices into the nanometre regime. The optimal range of S/D profile parameters is identified by evaluating process and performance trade-offs associated with the underlap doping profile. A parameter sensitivity analysis shows that an optimally designed underlap S/D MOSFET exhibits greater tolerance to the variation of parameters as compared to conventional abrupt S/D devices. The results are significant for the design of low-power RFICs with advanced MOSFETs in emerging technologies.
Swine Lagoon Effluent Applied to ‘Coastal’ Bermudagrass: II. Effects on Soil

Effet de l'application d'un tel effluent avec un taux d'alimentation en azote correspondant au taux agronomique et a des taux 2 fois et 4 fois plus eleves que le taux agronomique, sur la fertilite du sol et la pollution potentielle de l'eau souterraine
Proposed classification for eLearning data analytics with MOA

Elearning education has developed a crucial factor in the educational organization. With the situation of declining student size, elearning has to offer more cross-departmental and multi-disciplinary courses for individual needs to go over “one-size-fits-all” traditional model. Elearning data analytics which has not been professionally classified cannot produce reliable results. Classifications for elearning data help comfort the accuracy of outcomes and reducible pre-processing time. This research proposes a practical model for individual learning and personality. The proposed model based on data from the LMS classifies both the student preferences and personalities. The model helps design future curricula to suit student personalities, which intangibly assists them to be efficient in the study practice. Performance of the proposed classification is evaluated by using MOA software. It outperforms and improves the accuracy of complex elearning datasets. Besides, the results indicate an achievement in the students' study time after applying the association rule model on the elearning.
MANGANESE DIOXIDE AS SPECIFIC REDOX CATALYST IN THE PHOTOSENSITIZED OXYGEN GENERATION FROM WATER

Catalytic formation of oxygen from water was observed in the photosensitized reaction by trisbipyridineruthenium(II) using manganese dioxide as a redox catalyst and pentaammine chlorocobalt(III) as an electron acceptor in acidic solution. The β- and “activated” materials are found to be the most efficient and specific redox catalysts, and a 230% of O2 yield based on MnO2 is obtained.
Mean Atomic Velocities of Uranium, Titanium and Copper during Electron Beam Evaporation

Mean atomic velocities of uranium, titanium and copper during electron beam evaporation of the metal were measured by a microbalance technique as a function of evaporating metal surface temperature. In the measured temperature range, the mean velocity of uranium was up to 2.1 times the thermal mean velocity vth, corresponding to the surface temperature of the evaporating metal. Mean velocities of titanium and copper increased to 1.6 and 1.3 times vth, respectively. This meant that mean velocities of uranium and titanium exceeded the maximum flow speed of an ideal gas in adiabatic expansion, i.e. 1.4 times vth, while the mean velocity of copper was almost equal to it. The electronic states of uranium and titanium were thermally excited to higher levels, then such excited energy should be converted to kinetic energy during adiabatic expansion. However, copper was rarely excited to higher levels because of the their fewer number. As a result, mean velocities of uranium and titanium were faster than the maxim.
Correlations for prediction of diffusion in liquids

Based on an extensive experimental data collection (about 1925 points), empirical correlations for the estimation of binary liquid diffusion coefficients have been developed. The new correlations for organic mixtures and for aqueous solutions (including dissolved gases) require only well known and simple parameters like the viscosity of the solvent and the molar volumes of solute and solvent at the normal boiling point. They are shown to predict the limiting diffusion coefficients with the same or sometimes better accuracy than established correlations which make use of additional parameters. The concentration dependence of the mutual diffusion coefficients can be estimated from the knowledge of the two limiting diffusion coefficients and thermodynamic data. Established equations are investigated and classified for different groups of systems e.g. nonpolar + nonpolar, nonpolar + polar and polar + polar liquid mixtures. On a developpe des correlations empiriques pour l'estimation des coefficients de diffusion binaires en phase liquide en s'appuyant sur un grand nombre de donnees experimentales (environ 1925 points experimentaux). Ces nouvelles correlations developpees pour les melanges organiques et les solutions aqueuses (y compris des gaz dissous) n'utilisent que des parametres simples et connus comme la viscosite du solvant et les volumes molaires du solute et du solvant au point d'ebullition normal. On montre qu'ils predisent les coefficients de diffusion limites avec la měme precision, ou parfois une meilleure precision que les correlations usuelles qui utilisent des parametres supplementaires. La variation des coefficients de diffusion mutuels en fonction de la concentration peut ětre estimee en connaissant les deux coefficients limites et de donnees thermodynamiques. Les equations usuelles ont ete etudiees et classifiees pour differents groupes de systemes, par exemple les melanges de liquides polaire + polaire, non polaires + polaire et non polaire + non polaire.
Complexes of Starch and its Related Materials with Organic Compounds†. Part VII. Circular Dichroism of Inclusion Compounds of Cyclodextrins in Aqueous Solutions‡

The formation of inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins (α-, β-, and γ-dextrins) with iodine, triiodide ion, p-nitrophenolate anion and congo red has been investigated in aqueous solutions by circular dichroism and optical rotatory dispersion. It was found that the intensity of the induced circular dichroism observed in the dextrin complexes markedly changes with the combination of the host dextrins and the guest molecules, reflecting the different degrees of interaction between them due to different cavity diameters of the host dextrins. It was confirmed that the dextrins can indeed form inclusion complexes with the guest molecules examined in aqueous solutions.
SH-Methylation of SH-Containing Heterocycles with Dimethyl Carbonate via Phase-Transfer Catalytic Reaction

Abstract A reaction of SH-containing heterocycles with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in the presence of K2CO3 and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Bu4NBr) gave heteroaryl methyl thioethers in 44–93% yields. The reaction was carried out under mild conditions. This method provided a useful synthetic method for preparation of various heteroaryl methyl thioethers without the use of toxic methylic halides or dimethyl sulfate.
Parabolic mirror‐assisted tip‐enhanced spectroscopic imaging for non‐transparent materials

A versatile and efficient tip-enhanced spectroscopic imaging technique based on a parabolic mirror (PM) assisted near-field optical microscope is demonstrated. The replacement of the conventional objective lens with a parabolic mirror allows the non-restricted investigation of sample materials regarding their opacity. In addition, an improved signal collection efficiency and effective excitation of the longitudinal plasmonic oscillation in the tip apex are obtained. The capabilities of PM-assisted tip-enhanced Raman (TER) and photoluminescence (PL) imaging in distinguishing the individual domains made of different chemical components in poly (3-hexythiophene)/[6, 6]-penyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PCBM) solar cell blend film and in the investigation of the plasmonic properties of geometrically well-defined Au cones are demonstrated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Hybrid Planar–Mixed Molecular Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cell

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Determination of Total Lignin, Extraneous Substances and Polysaccharides in Bark and Wood of Acacia penninervis. II. Polysaccharides and Summative Analysis

It is shown that considerable losses on non-hexosan polysaccharides occur when chlorite holocellulose is isolated and fractionated according to the method of Wise, Murphy and D'Addieco (1946). The total polysaccharides present, therefore, cannot be estimated merely by analysis of the isolated polysaccharide fractions. They can, however, be estimated by determining the hexosans in the isolated polysaccharide fractions and the non-hexosans in the original water-extracted samples. Excellent summations have been obtained for both wood and bark when total polysaccharides determined in this way were summated with total lignin and extraneous substances determined as described previously (Smelstorius and Stewart , Part I of the present series). The polysaccharide composition of wood and bark of Acacia penninervis Sieb, ex DC. is discussed.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF AMIKACIN SULPHATE VIA CHARGE TRANSFER COMPLEX FORMATION REACTION USING TETRACYANOETHYLENE AND 2,3-DICHLORO-5,6- DICYANO-1,4-BENZOQUINONE REAGENTS

مت ةقرولا هذه يف تادقعم نيوكت لعافت ىلع دمتعت ةيفيط ةقيرط فصو لاقتنا عو ن تا نورتكللإل احنام هفصوب نيساكيملأا تاتيربآ ريدقتل ةنحشلا n ، كلذو للاخ نم و نيليثأونايس يعابر نيفشاكلا نم لآ عم هلعافت 3،2 ورو لآ يئا نث 6،5 وناي س يئا نث 4،1 نبارا ب تلابقتسم امهفصوب نونيوآوز عون تانورتكللإل π ة يجوملا لاوطلأا د نع صاصتما ىصقأ كلتمت يئا ملا لو لحملا يف ةنولم تادقعم ءاطعلإ 330 و 340 يلاو تلا ى لع رتيمونا ن . د قو زيآارتلل ريب نوناق قيبطت نكمأ 0.4 6.8 و 0.8 20.0 مارغوركيام / رتللم تايصاصتماب ةيرلاوم 9.49 × 10 و 1.91 × 10 رتل . لوم 1 مس 1 . دقو فشكلا دودح تناآ 0.06 و 0.18 ارغوركيام م \ ةقدو رتللم ) عاجرتسلاا ةبسن لدعم ( 96.54 % و 99.47 % ،يلاو تلا ى لع هلاعأ نيفشاكلا مادختساب يبسنلا يرايعملا فارحنلاا دجو امآ ≥ 4 نيفشاكلا لاآ مادختساب . و ريد قت يف حاجنب ةقيرطلا قيبطت مت ينلاديصلا هرضحتسم يف نيساكيملأا ى لع لكش نقح .
Differential Pulse Polarographic Analysis of Chlorpyrifos Insecticide

The differential pulse polarographic (DPP) behavior of chlorpyrifos (CP) was investigated over a wide range of pH (pH 1.8–pH 10.1). CP compound displays a well-resolved cathodic reduction peak at −1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) (pH 3.2). This peak probably corresponds to the reduction of the CN centre of the pyridyl moiety. The effect of solution and operational parameters on the sensitivity of the DPP peak was carefully examined in order to select the optimum conditions for determination of the CP compound. Under the optimum conditions the reduction response gives a linear calibration plot over a concentration range of 9.70 × 10−7–6.92 × 10−6 M and the detection limit was found to be 8.7 × 10−7 M. The effects of some diverse metal ions, anions and some other organophosphorus insecticides on the determination of CP compound were studied. The applicability of DPP for determination of the CP insecticide in a commercial sample as well as in some irrigation water (treated waste water and underground water) was detected.
Changes in Body Temperature and Basal Metabolic Rate of the Ama

Oral temperatures of Korean [pearl] diving women (ama) were measured before and after diving work in four seasons of the year. Their basal metabolic rate, measured in four seasons, was compared to that of nondiving women who lived in the same community and ate the same diet as the ama. Average oral temperatures declined to 35 (cid:2) C after 10 minutes of work in summer (water temp., 27 (cid:2) C) and to 33 (cid:2) C after 15 minutes of work in the winter (water temp., 10 (cid:2) C). Average body temperature computed from weighted oral and average skin
Formation of Magnetic FexOy/Silica Core-Shell Particles in a One-Step Flame Aerosol Process

In this study, iron silicon oxide particles were generated in a one-step flame assisted spray pyrolysis (FASP) process using H2/air or H2/O2 diffusion flames. A colloidal precursor solution was used, which contained dissolved iron nitrate and stably suspended silica nanoparticles. H2/air flames resulted in magnetic FexOy/silica core-shell particles. There was a correlation between particle size and particle structure; particles larger than 500 nm had the core-shell structure, but smaller particles had non-core-shell structures. H2/O2 flames only resulted in nanoparticles that had non-core-shell structures. The core-shell particles had a iron oxide core that was hermetically enclosed in a uniform silica shell with a typical thickness of approximately 100 nm; they were superparamagnetic with a room-temperature saturation magnetization greater than 24 emu/g. Temperature history of the particles may be used to explain the correlation between flame type and particle structure. The correlation between particle size and structure may be due to size-dependent thermodynamic stability of the structures, or kinetics of heat and mass transfer. The results from this study suggest that micrometer sized iron oxide silica core-shell magnetic particles could be generated from a one-step flame aerosol process, but FexOy/silica nanoparticles (< 100 nm) with the core-shell structure cannot be generated in a one-step flame aerosol process.
Residue-free reactive ion etching of 3C-SiC and 6H-SiC in fluorinated mixture plasmas

The authors report on residue-free reactive ion etching (RIE) of 3C-SiC and 6H-SiC in mixtures of fluorinated gases consisting of a primary (CHF{sub 3}) and a secondary gas (CF{sub 4}, NF{sub 3}, and SF{sub 6}). The corresponding etch rate, etched surface morphology, anisotropic profile, and process reproducibility are obtained at different levels of CHF{sub 3}. The advantage of this approach is to eliminate gas additives (H{sub 2} and O{sub 2}) while maintaining the residue-free RIE and high process portability. The effect of SiC doping concentration and dopant type on obtaining residue-free RIE is reported along with the effects of plasma pressure and RF power. Etching mechanisms, plasma chemistry, and optimized etching conditions are also discussed.
Liquid crystalline block and graft copolymers

Since the first reports on the combination of liquid crystalline polymers in block (1985) and graft (1986) copolymers with amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers, the scientific interest has been focused on understanding how the size and type of the mesophase displayed by the liquid crystalline part(s) affects the LC → isotropic transition and the order in the LC domains themselves with respect to the morphology displayed. An overview of the work that has been done so far will be given, as well as a closer discussion of the interaction between morphology and LC phase behavior as evaluated on a large number of very well defined LC side group block copolymers. Furthermore, applications and results of mechanical and optical investigations are discussed.