Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PURE OXYGEN-BASED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW) BIO-STABILIZATION: ENERGY, ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL AND PROCESS SAFETY ASPECTS

Today, in Italy, mechanical-biological treatment plant (MBT) using pure oxygen are few and with limited knowledge of the functioning. With the intent of strengthening the state of knowledge, this contribution deepens the main energy, engineering, environmental and process safety aspects of a pure oxygen-based full-scale bio-stabilization system treating unsorted municipal solid waste. The activities were conducted at the Massafra MBT plant (Apulia Region, Southern Italy) with a treatment capacity of 220,000 tons per year. After the assessment of the energy consumption related to the conventional aeration system, representing, in this way the “baseline scenario”, the study discussed the main design aspects for a safe operation of the pure oxygen system.
Role of Rasayana in Prevention of COVID-19 - A Review

The “Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)” is caused by “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)”, a newly discovered member of the Coronaviridae family of viruses which is a highly communicable There is no effective medical treatment till date for Coronavirus disease hence prevention is the best way to keep disease away Rasayana proved to be highly efficacious and cost effective for the Prevention and Control of viral infections when vaccines and standard therapies are lacking Rasayana Chikitsa is one of the eight branches of Ashtanga Ayurveda which helps to maintain healthy life style Rasayana improves immunity and performs many vital functions of human body Vyadhikshamatva that is immune mechanism of the body is involved in Prevention of the occurrence of a new disease and it also decreases the virulence and progression of an existing disease In COVID-19 the Respiratory system mainly get affected which is evident from its symptoms like cold, cough and breathlessness Here the drugs help in enhancing immune system and strengthening functions of Respiratory system can be useful For this pur-pose, the Rasayana like Chyavanprasha, Agastya Haritaki, Pippali Rasayana, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Haridra, Ashwagandha, Tulsi are used Rasayana work-ing on Respiratory system are best for Prevention of Coronavirus and boosting immune system Rasayana Chikitsa can be effective in the Prevention as well as reducing symptoms of COVID-19
Acid Profile in Milk of Jersey Cows

The milk fat of ruminants contains 96-99% triglycerides (Barłowska and Litwińczuk, 2009), composed of 65-75% saturated fatty acids (SFA), and 30% of unsaturated fatty acids, mostly monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), with much less polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Fat percentage in milk and its FA content in ruminants depends on genetic, age, lactation state, environmental factors (Lock and Garnsworthy, 2003) and the animal’s diet (Collomb et al. 2008), with particular emphasis on the type of forage consumed (Elgersma et al. 2006). Izumi et al. (2002) reported that the percentage of αlinolenic acid decreases to half, and simultaneously, the total fatty acids decrease to one-third, from fresh grass to hay. Therefore, the amount of α-linolenic acid in hay is reduced to approximately onesixth of that in fresh grass. Oxidative loss of PUFA during field wilting represents a major loss in the food chain, with substantial losses of 18:3 n-3 during hay making and modest losses during wilting prior to ensiling. These losses are associated with the lipoxygenase system, a plant defence mechanism initiated in damaged tissues (Dewhurst et al. 2006). A diet based on fresh forage increases the amount of some FA that might have nutraceutical properties, particularly conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and FA omega-3 (Nałęcz-Tarwacka et al. 2009; Falchero et al. 2010). The CLA represent a heterogeneous group of isomers of linoleic acids that are found mainly in ruminants’ milk and meat The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of fatty acids (FA) especially conjugated linoleic and trans fatty acids in milk from Jersey cows fed green alfalfa (GA) or alfalfa hay (AH). Forty Jersey cows that had from two to five calvings, 60 to 90 lactation days and were not pregnant were used in a confined production system. In one treatment (GA n=20) cows were fed chopped fresh green alfalfa and commercial concentrate. In the other one (AH n=20), they were fed alfalfa hay and the same commercial concentrate. A milk sample (10 mL) was collected from each cow. Total lipids, methyl-esterified fatty acids (FA), and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) were determined by chromatography. The amount of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA were similar between treatments (P>0.05). The content of FA omega-3 and omega-6, as well as the proportion of omega-6:omega-3 were not affected by the type of forage (P>0.05). However, the concentrations of vaccenic acid-trans (P<0.01), rumenic acid (P<0.01), total FA trans (P<0.001), and total CLA (P<0.01) were higher in cows fed GA. We conclude that consumption of green chopped alfalfa in Jersey cows increased production of 18:1 n-7 trans-11 trans-vaccenic acid and CLA in milk.
Cost and Return of Selling Processed Sunflower Versus Unprocessed Sunflower by Smallholder Farmers in Dodoma Region, Tanzania

This research assessed the motivation of farmers to sell sunflower oil and in seed form and its effects on profitability. Data was collected through survey of 194 smallholder farmers in Dodoma region. The gross margin model was used to analyze profitability and was compared using the difference of mean test between households that sell oil and those who sell in seed form. Tobit Regression Model was used to analyze the factors that affect the proportion of sunflower sold as seeds. Results show that, higher variable costs were observed to farmers who processing sunflower; but higher gross margins were observed to farmers who process sunflower. This implied that farmers selling sunflower oil are more profitable than those farmers selling in seed form. Sunflower oil price, amount of sunflower harvested, size of household, farmer groups have significant and positive relationships with the proportion of sunflower sold as seed. The distance to the nearest machine is negatively and significantly associated with the proportion of sunflower sold as seed. Farmers should be encouraged to process sunflower before sale through training and extension. Access to yield-enhancing inputs, marketing or processing in groups, private entrepreneurs set up processing plants closer to farmers, invest mobile processing through improvement of the rural road network are some interventions proposed in this study to help farmers reduce transactions costs of processing.
Coronavirus disease 2019: A new pediatric challenge

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a pandemic disease that is today a global public health problem caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) COVID-19 is a disease of middle and old age, but clinical expression may also be present in childhood Asymptomatic and mild clinical forms are most often present in persons aged 0-19, but severe clinical forms such as, among others, acute respiratory distress syndrome and multisystem inflammatory syndrome may occur In addition to presenting the epidemiology, clinical symptomatology of COVID-19, the authors consider certain specifics of COVID-19, that is, possible reasons for the lower incidence of the disease as well as unusual and rare clinical forms of the disease in children The current activities of health professionals in the supervision of COVID-19 are mainly focused on early detection, isolation and treatment of patients, isolation of contacts, the regular and thorough practice of respiratory hygiene, hand hygiene, and physical distancing Future efficient and safe vaccination will solve the biggest global medical challenge caused by the new coronavirus in the best possible manner © 2020, University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Health Studies
Confidential manuscript submitted to JGR: Solid Earth Lower Crustal Seismicity on the Eastern Border Faults of the Main Ethiopian Rift

19 Lower crustal seismicity is commonly observed in continental rift zones despite the crust at such depths 20 being ductile enough to prohibit brittle failure. The source of such deep seismicity across the East African Rift 21 remains an outstanding question. Here we present analysis of an isolated cluster of lower crustal earthquakes located 22 on the eastern border faults of the Main Ethiopian Rift, near the Corbetti caldera. Lower crustal earthquakes have 23 not previously been observed in this area. Phase arrival times were determined using an automated picking approach 24 based on continuous wavelet transform and statistical changepoint detection methods. We overcome 25 misinterpretations from large hypocentre depth errors by considering mixture distributions for all events and their 26 associated uncertainties. These mixture distributions represent probability density functions of any event occurring 27 at a given depth. The mixture distribution mode for a variety of different velocity models and error parameters 28 remained stable at a depth of 28 – 32 km, with the vast majority of maximum likelihood estimates for individual 29 hypocenters located at depths of 25 – 35 km. Most events occur over a two-month period, with 90% of cumulative 30 seismic moment occurring during March and April 2012. The ephemeral and localized nature of this seismicity, 31 combined with low event magnitudes and regional hydrothermal / magmatic activity, all suggest that these lower 32 crustal events are likely related to fluid or magmatic processes. Plausible mechanisms include the movement of 33 magma and/or exsolution of volatiles at depth causing transient high strain rates and pore fluid pressures that induce 34 seismicity. 35
EVALUATION OF BIOGEN AND YEASTURE PROBIOTICS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF NILE TILAPIA

Growing concern for the high consumption of antibiotics in aquaculture has initiated a search for alternative methods of disease control by improving resistance against infectious disease which can be achieved by using of probiotics. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of some feed additives (Yeasture and Biogen) on the immune response of O.niloticus. The experimental fish were divided into five groups, the first group was served as control fed on probiotic – free diet, the second and third groups were fed on diet supplemented with Yeasture (1 and 3 g/kg feed) and the fourth and fifth groups were fed on diet supplemented with Biogen (1 and 3 g/kg feed). After 70 days of feeding, the results indicated that, the fish groups which received diet supplemented with probiotics revealed highly significant growth performance and significant increase in immune response as detected in challenge test as probiotic fed fish groups showed high resistance to the challenged pathogenic microorganisms.
A survey on anxiety and depression level among South Indian medical students during the COVID 19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic is being a global Heath crisis. The rate of transmission of the disease is very high. At this time there is no specific vaccine or treatment. This widespread outbreak is also associated with psychological distress like depression and anxiety. The effect of COVID 19 on medical students is considerable. The medical students are in a transitory period which could be one of the most stressful times in a person’s life. The aim of this study is to assess the mental health of South Indian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic and to see if there is any influence of gender on mental health. A cross sectional study was conducted using convenient sampling method. A total of 359 responses were analysed. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed based on four point Likert scale. GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder-7) scale and CES-D (Center for Epidemiology Studies for Depression) scale is used to assess anxiety and depression symptoms with a small modification respectively. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics version 25. Out of 359 participants 50.4% of participants were male and 49.6% of them were females; majority of them (95.3%) were between the age group of 18-21. In total 75.5% and 74.6% of participants showed varying levels of anxiety and depression symptoms respectively. Anxiety and depression symptoms are found to have a mild association with gender. Symptoms are slightly higher among females than males.
Faster Guarantees of Pareto Optimization for Submodular Maximization.

In this paper, the monotone submodular maximization problem (SM) is studied. SM is to find a subset of size $\kappa$ from a universe of size $n$ that maximizes a monotone submodular objective function $f$. We show using a novel analysis that the pareto optimization algorithm achieves a worst-case ratio of $(1-1/n)(1-1/e)$ in expectation in $O(n\kappa)$ queries. In addition, we show that a minor modification to the pareto optimization algorithm results in the algorithm achieving the $(1-1/n)(1 - 1/e -\epsilon)$ ratio in $O(n\ln(1/\epsilon))$ queries. Approximation results for the related submodular cover problem are also presented. An empirical evaluation corroborates our theoretical analysis of the algorithms, as the algorithms exceed the stochastic greedy solution value at roughly when one would expect based upon our analysis.
Acoustic-electroelastic modeling of piezoelectric disks in high-intensity focused ultrasound power transfer systems

Contactless ultrasound power transfer (UPT) has emerged as one of the promising techniques for wireless power transfer. Physical processes supporting UPT include the vibrations at a transmitting/acoustic source element, acoustic wave propagation, piezoelectric transduction of elastic vibrations at a receiving element, and acoustic-structure interactions at the surfaces of the transmitting and receiving elements. A novel mechanism using a high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) transmitter is proposed for enhanced power transfer in UPT systems. The HIFU source is used for actuating a finite-size piezoelectric disk receiver. The underlying physics of the proposed system includes the coupling of the nonlinear acoustic field with structural responses of the receiver, which leads to spatial resonances and the appearance of higher harmonics during wave propagation in a medium. Acoustic nonlinearity due to wave kinematics in the HIFU-UPT system is modeled by taking into account the effects of diffraction, absorption, and nonlinearity in the medium. Experimentally-validated acoustic-structure interaction formulation is employed in a finite element based multiphysics model. The results show that the HIFU high-level excitation can cause disproportionately large responses in the piezoelectric receiver if the frequency components in the nonlinear acoustic field coincide with the resonant frequencies of the receiver.
Investigating U-Nets with various Intermediate Blocks for Spectrogram-based Singing Voice Separation

Singing Voice Separation (SVS) tries to separate singing voice from a given mixed musical signal. Recently, many U-Net-based models have been proposed for the SVS task, but there were no existing works that evaluate and compare various types of intermediate blocks that can be used in the U-Net architecture. In this paper, we introduce a variety of intermediate spectrogram transformation blocks. We implement U-nets based on these blocks and train them on complex-valued spectrograms to consider both magnitude and phase. These networks are then compared on the SDR metric. When using a particular block composed of convolutional and fully-connected layers, it achieves state-of-the-art SDR on the MUSDB singing voice separation task by a large margin of 0.9 dB. Our code and models are available online.
Contract Discovery: Dataset and a Few-shot Semantic Retrieval Challenge with Competitive Baselines

We propose a new shared task of semantic retrieval from legal texts, in which a so-called contract discovery is to be performed – where legal clauses are extracted from documents, given a few examples of similar clauses from other legal acts. The task differs substantially from conventional NLI and shared tasks on legal information extraction (e.g., one has to identify text span instead of a single document, page, or paragraph). The specification of the proposed task is followed by an evaluation of multiple solutions within the unified framework proposed for this branch of methods. It is shown that state-of-the-art pretrained encoders fail to provide satisfactory results on the task proposed. In contrast, Language Model-based solutions perform better, especially when unsupervised fine-tuning is applied. Besides the ablation studies, we addressed questions regarding detection accuracy for relevant text fragments depending on the number of examples available. In addition to the dataset and reference results, LMs specialized in the legal domain were made publicly available.
Effect of Decaffeinated Coffee Consumption on Markers of Atherogenesis and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Diet-Induced Dyslipidemia in Rats

There are contradictory opinions about the effect of coffee on serum markers of atherogenesis in the literature. This study aimed to assess the effect of decaffeinated coffee consumption on serum lipid levels, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and markers of carbohydrate (CHO) metabolism, in diet-induced dyslipidemia in rats. Twenty-five Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups (n=5per group). Animals in group 1 served as a normal control group (NCTRL) and were given a normal diet and water only. Animals in group 2 received a hyperlipidemic diet. Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 in addition to the hyperlipidemic diet were treated with low, medium, and high doses of decaffeinated coffee respectively for 28 days. At the end of the coffee treatment, and 8h after feeding, all animals were sacrificed and blood obtained was analyzed for the biochemical indices of atherogenesis and CHO metabolism using standard methods. There were significant (P<0.05) increases in serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride cholesterol (TG-C), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), AIP, and markers of CHO metabolism (FBG, insulin, and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)), as well as a decrease in highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the hyperlipidemic alone group. Treatment with different doses of decaffeinated coffee caused a reversal of these indices to near levels in the control group in a dose-dependent manner, especially in the medium-dose group. Moderate consumption of decaffeinated coffee can ameliorate diet-induced dyslipidemia and improved markers of CHO metabolism.
EFFECT OF PRECOOKING PROCESS OF TUNA-LIKE FISH (Scombromorous sp.) CAKE ON CHEMICAL, MICRO-BIOLOGICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of precooking process on chemical, microbiological and sensory changes of fish cake made from Tuna- like fish (Scombromorous sp .) as well as to improve characteristics and economic value of final product. Results indicated that after precooking, moisture and ash contents were slightly decreased. Ether extract and carbohydrate were not affected by the process. Protein content was slightly increased. Mixing samples with 15% wheat flour increased ash and carbohydrate contents. Moreover, frying increased the ether extract and carbohydrate contents while, protein and ash contents were decreased. All samples were rich in iron and suitable for adults. Furthermore, after frying, precooking process decreased mineral content (Zn, K and P), on the same time leaching of Na and Ca was relatively low. Precooked process and mixing the samples with 15% wheat flour increase Ca/P ratio but frying decreased it. The calculated K/Na ratio was decreased after precooking but it was slightly decreased after frying. Total soluble salts decreased slightly as a result of precooking and frying processes. Lysine and glutamic acids were the highest indispensable and dispensable amino acids of fish cake, respectively. However, precooking decreased the levels of amino acids content. Adding 15% of wheat flour decreases the amino acids content of fish cakes, frying causes more reducing of amino acids levels. Molds and yeast were detected only in fresh cake, and microbial contamination were in permissible range, however precooking process reduce its microbial contamination. Precooking process was accepted organolepticly and had more acceptability than rate of non-precooked fish. On the other hand, precooking reduce the period time of cake frying process. Therefore, the present study recommended to use of precooking process in large scale also since use of wheat flour will reduce the cost of final product.
ANALYSING SUPPLIER SELECTION CRITERIA IN FERTIGATION SYSTEM USING FUZZY DEMATEL METHOD

In agricultural field, fertigation system helps to improve root activity, nutrient mobility and uptake, as well as decreased pollution of groundwater. A well-designed fertigation system should be combined with a suitable selection of materials and equipment. Various criteria should be considered throughout the process of making a decision on selecting the right suppliers. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyse the supplier selection criteria in fertigation system using fuzzy DEMATEL method. This study focuses on six criteria of supplier selection; price, quality, delivery, public procurement policy, technical and managerial which are relevant for fertigation system. This study integrates questionnaires from expert interviews to evaluate the significance of criteria involve in supplier selection. Data collected from experts in the field of fertigation system was analysed using fuzzy DEMATEL method. The result shows that public procurement policy is the most influential criteria for supplier selection in fertigation system.
Audrius Vaitkus

The ground penetrating radar (GPR) in roads is use to investigate the pavement structure layers thickness on network and project level, misaligned dowels and tie bar in concrete pavement, moisture and ground water level, air voids of asphalt layers, and to assure the quality control. Since, pavement layer thickness and materials properties are the key parameters for pavement bearing capacity and residual life determination the effective and reliable GPR analysis procedure is substantial for pavement management system. However, in order to determine asphalt layers thickness the dielectric constant or GPR velocity have to be known. The most common practice to determine the dielectric constant of specific pavement layer is to drill the cores at least every 1 km, as combination of destructive and non-destructive methods. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the dielectric constant to asphalt layers thickness determination accuracy. The dielectric constant of asphalt layers and GPR measurements were performed in the 27 pavement sections of the Test Road. The dielectric constant of asphalt layers calculated based on drilled cores data. Analysing the wearing, binder, and base layers separately and in combination. Finally, the errors of determined thicknesses of pavement layers were compared with actual thickness. To determine the dielectric constant influence to the asphalt layer thickness of road sections were investigated by drilling cores and determined the actual thickness. The dielectric constant based on core data and GPR measurements were compared.