Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thesaurus-Guided Text Analytics Technique for Capability-Based Classification of Manufacturing Suppliers

Manufacturing capability (MC) analysis is a necessary step in the early stages of supply chain formation. In the contract manufacturing industry, companies often advertise their capabilities and services in an unstructured format on the company website. The unstructured capability data usually portray a realistic view of the services a supplier can offer. If parsed and analyzed properly, unstructured capability data can be used effectively for initial screening and characterization of manufacturing suppliers specially when dealing with a large pool of suppliers. This work proposes a novel framework for capability-based supplier classification that relies on the unstructured capability narratives available on the suppliers' websites. Four document classification algorithms, namely, support vector machine (SVM ), Naïve Bayes, random forest, and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) are used as the text classification techniques. One of the innovative aspects of this work is incorporating a thesaurus-guided method for feature selection and tokenization of capability data. The thesaurus contains the formal and informal vocabulary used in the contract machining industry for advertising manufacturing capabilities. A web-based tool is developed for the generation of the concept vector model associated with each capability narrative and extraction of features from the input documents. The proposed supplier classification framework is validated experimentally through forming two capability classes, namely, heavy component machining and difficult and complex machining, based on real capability data. It was concluded that thesaurus-guided method improves the precision of the classification process.
Human membrane metallo-endopeptidase-like protein (MMEL) degrades both A β 42 and A β 40

Beta-amyloid (A β ) degrading endopeptidases are thought to protect against Alzheimer disease (AD) and are potentially therapeutic. Of particular interest are endopeptidases that are blocked by thiorphan and phosphoramidon (T/P), as these inhibitors rapidly induce A β deposition in rodents. Neprilysin is the best known target of T/P; however neprilysin knockout results in only modest A β increases insufficient to induce deposition. Therefore, other endopeptidases targeted by T/P must be critical for Aß catabolism. Another candidate is the T/P sensitive membrane metallo-endopeptidase-like protein (MMEL), a close homolog of neprilysin. The endopeptidase properties of β and γ splice forms of human MMEL were determined in HEK293T cells transduced with the human cDNAs for the two splice forms; this showed degradation of both A β 42 and A β 40 by hMMEL- β but not hMMEL- γ . hMMEL- β activity was found at the extracellular surface with no significant secreted activity. hMMEL- γ was not expressed at the extracellular surface. Finally, it was found that hMMEL cleaves A β near the α -secretase site (producing A β 1-17 >> A β 1-16 ). These data establish hMMEL as a mediator of A β catabolism and raises the possibility of its involvement in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease and as a target for intervention.
Strategies for Directing the Structure and Function of 3D Collagen Biomaterials across Length Scales

Collagen type I is a widely used natural biomaterial that has found utility in a variety of biological and medical applications. Its well characterized structure and role as an extracellular matrix protein make it a highly relevant material for controlling cell function and mimicking tissue properties. Collagen type I is abundant in a number of tissues, and can be isolated as a purified protein. This review focuses on hydrogel biomaterials made by reconstituting collagen type I from a solubilized form, with an emphasis on in vitro studies in which collagen structure can be controlled. The hierarchical structure of collagen from the nanoscale to the macroscale is described, with an emphasis on how structure is related to function across scales. Methods of reconstituting collagen into hydrogel materials are presented, including molding of macroscopic constructs, creation of microscale modules, and electrospinning of nanoscale fibers. The modification of collagen biomaterials to achieve desired structures and functions is also addressed, with particular emphasis on mechanical control of collagen structure, creation of collagen composite materials, and crosslinking of collagenous matrices. Biomaterials scientists have made remarkable progress in rationally designing collagen-based biomaterials and in applying them to both the study of biology and for therapeutic benefit. This broad review illustrates recent examples of techniques used to control collagen structure, and to thereby direct its biological and mechanical functions.
Isolation of Escherichia coli 0157 from Pigs with Colibacillosis in Canada and the United States

INTRODUCTION Cultures of Escherichia coli isolated from colibacillosis in pigs in Canada and the U.S.A. and previously identified as unclassified E. coli OX36 were found to belong to a new E. coli 0 group 157. Strains of E. coli V145, GIRI, C308 and V17 which had a weak relationship to E. coli 0116 also were found to belong to 0157. The increased incidence of E. coli 0157 in colibacillosis of swine stresses the inclusion of this 0 group among those enteropathogenic for swine.
DIVERSE FOODS ARE SIMILARLY CATEGORIZED BY 8 – 13- YEAR-OLD CHILDREN

OBJECTIVE—Assess how 8–13-year-old children categorized and labeled foods for possible use as part of a food search strategy in a computerized 24-hour dietary recall. DESIGN—A set of 62 cards with pictures and names of foods from 18 professionally defined food groups was sorted by each child into piles of similar foods. SETTING—Participants attended the Research Center in the summer 2006. Corresponding Author: Tom Baranowski, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Phone: 713-798-6762, Fax: 713-798-7098, tbaranow@bcm.tmc. edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript J Nutr Educ Behav. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 May 1. Published in final edited form as: J Nutr Educ Behav. 2008 ; 40(3): 149–159. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript PARTICIPANTS—148 8–13year-old children (132 English speaking, 16 primarily Spanish speaking). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES—Sorting of food items into common groupings and their names. ANALYSES—Robinson matrices for identification of clusters of food items. RESULTS—Children created on average 11.1 (± 4.4) piles with 5.4 (±4.9) cards per pile. Robinson matrix clusters captured 92.4% of the variance in the sorting of food cards. No substantial differences in Robinson clustering were detected across subcategories for each of the demographic characteristics. The label names provided by the children were most frequently categorized as “Taxonomic-Professional” (42.5%), such as meat, fruit and drinks, or “Script” (26.4%), like breakfast food, desserts and snacks. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS—Children categorized foods into similar clusters, but used diverse names to label them. These categories may be used to facilitate food search for researchers in a computerized 24-hour dietary recall for children in this age group.
Triage Sepsis Alert and Sepsis Protocol Lower Times to Fluids and Antibiotics in the Emergency Department

This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The authors have no commercial associations or sources of support that might pose a conflict of interest. No source of support for this study.
Numerical simulation of a 3D virtual cathode oscillator

The design of microwave devices requires the interaction of electromagnetic ﬁelds to be simulated with charged particle ﬂow with high accuracy. The methods involved have to be, in particular, well adapted to the geometrical complexity of real devices, especially to take into account the 3-D effects. We have investigated a numerical method for solving the 3-D time dependent Vlasov-Maxwell equations in the relativistic case, on unstructured meshes. We present some numerical results obtained by simulating a three-dimensional virtual cathode system, and compare the resulting high power microwave radiation with a theoretical estimation.
New and Notable Engaging the ‘‘Clutch’’ to Move Forward

It is 20 years since the publication of the geometric clutch (GC) hypothesis as a mechanistic explanation of ciliary and flagellar beating (1). It was an idea that resulted from constructing wooden models of the flagellar axoneme and observing the way they distorted during bending. The key insight was that a structure composed of linear elements that experience curvature while under tension or compression experience transverse forces (t-forces) that can push the linear elements closer together or pry them apart. In the eukaryotic axoneme of cilia and flagella, the linear elements are the nine outer doublets. They are anchored at the base of the cilium by the basal body, and they carry the motor proteins (dyneins) that provide the motive force to bend the cilium or flagellum to make them beat. The t-forces developed during bending can push the doublets closer or separate them. The GC hypothesis proposes that these t-forces are responsible for changing the interdoublet separation, and engaging and disengaging the motors, thus organizing their action to create the beat. That, in a nutshell, is the conceptual basis of the GC hypothesis. To test the feasibility of this concept as a mechanism for generating the ciliary/flagellar beat, it was necessary to try out the mechanism in a computed model. The original GC computer models (1–3) are set up rather much like solving a complex physics problem with elementary physics. When
Dynamic Reconfiguration of Electrical Connections for partially shaded PV Modules: Technical and Economical Performances of an Arduino-based Prototype

The solar energy is an ever-growing power source among all the renewable ones. Several issues shall be faced by power engineers as far as the design of photovoltaic (PV) plants is concerned. One of these consists in the “partial shading”, that is the non-uniform irradiation on different cells of the same PV module or different modules of the same PV plant. The partial shading leads to undesired effects, such as the electrical mismatch, with possible generation of hot spots, and generally to a decreased production of electric energy. To mitigate the partial shading effects, different methods are feasible. Among them, the dynamic reconfiguration of the electrical connections between modules represents an effective solution. In this paper, an algorithm of reconfiguration for a small-scale PV plant is proposed and the experimental results showing the related benefits in terms of energy recovery are reported.
Mitochondrial fission in endothelial cells following simulated ischemia/reperfusion: Role of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species

Ischemia (I)/reperfusion (RP)-induced endothelial cell (EC) injury is thought to occur due to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production. MtROS have been implicated in mitochondrial fission. We determined whether cultured EC exposure to simulated I/RP causes morphological changes in the mitochondrial network, and the mechanisms behind those changes. Since shear stress results in nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelial mtROS generation, we simulated I/RP as hypoxia (H) followed by oxygenated flow over the ECs (shear stress of 10 dyne/ cm 2 ). By exposing ECs to shear stress, H, H/reoxygenation (RO) or simulated I/RP and employing mitotracker staining, the differential effects of changes in mechanical forces and/or O 2 levels on the mitochondrial network were assessed. Static or sheared ECs maintained their mitochondrial network. H- or H/RO-exposed ECs underwent changes, but mitochondrial fission was significantly less compared to that in ECs exposed to I/RP. I/RP-induced fission was partially inhibited by antioxidants, a NO synthase inhibitor or an inhibitor of the fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and was accompanied by Drp1 oligomerization and phosphorylation (Ser616). Hence, shear-induced NO, ROS (including mtROS), and Drp1 activation are responsible for mitochondrial fission in I/RP-exposed ECs, and excessive fission may be an underlying cause of EC dysfunction in postischemic hearts.
Central blockade of melanocortin receptors attenuates the metabolic and locomotor responses to peripheral IL-1 β administration

Summary Loss of appetite and cachexia is an obstacle in the treatment of chronic infection and cancer. Proinflammatory cytokines released from activated immune cells and acting in the central nervous system (CNS) are prime candidates for mediating these metabolic changes, potentially affecting both energy intake as well as energy expenditure. The effect of intravenous administration of two proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1 β (15 µg/kg) and TNF- α (10 µg/kg) on food and water intake, locomotor activity, oxygen consumption (VO 2 ), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was evaluated. The two cytokines elicited a comparable decrease in food intake and activated similar numbers of cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), a region that plays a critical role in the regulation of appetite and metabolism (determined via expression of the immediate early gene, c-fos ). However, only IL-1 β reduced locomotion and RER, and increased VO 2 , while TNF- α was without effect. To examine the role of the melanocortins in mediating IL-1 β - induced metabolic changes, animals were pretreated centrally with a melanocortin receptor antagonist, HS014. Pretreatment with HS014 blocked the effect of IL-1 β on food intake and RER at later time points (beyond 8hr post injection), as well as the hypoactivity and increased metabolic rate. Further, HS014 blocked the induction of Fos-ir in the PVH. These data highlight the importance of the melanocortin system, particularly within the PVH, in mediating a broad range of metabolic responses to IL-1 β .
Evidence for Genetic Control of Nondisjunction in Man MEDICAL UBIOIN~ 1IBSTORICAL SU1~ DES M01

Data on factors associated with the occurrence of Down syndrome in a highly inbred population were evaluated to investigate the presence of a genetic control of nondisjunction in man. In Kuwait, close consanguinity occurs in 40% of marriages. In its main obstetric hospital, 20 trisomic Down babies out of 11,614 singleton births were delivered over a 12-month period. Chi-square analyses indicate the occurrence of Down syndrome to be linked to two independent factors: consanguinity of parents and maternal age. The relative risk is approximately four times greater for closely related than for nonrelated parents (P < .005); a possible explanation for this is the existence of a gene that induces mitotic nondisjunction in the homozygous fertilized ovum. An alternative explanation is the existence of an autosomal recessive gene which results in meiotic nondisjunction in the homozygous parents. Consanguinity is usually perpetuated in certain families, or sections of the population, and parents in highly inbred families have a higher probability to be homozygotes for that gene.
Childhood Conduct Problems and Young Adult Outcomes Among Women with Childhood ADHD

We tested whether conduct problems predicted young adult functioning and psychiatric symptoms among women diagnosed with ADHD during childhood, in the context of three potential adolescent mediators: internalizing problems, peer rejection, and school failure and disciplinary problems. We controlled for childhood ADHD severity, IQ, and demographic factors, and in the mediational tests, for adolescent conduct problems. Data emanated from 140 participants in the Berkeley Girls with ADHD Longitudinal Study. We used bootstrapping methods to assess indirect effects (mediators). Both childhood (F1,118 change = 9.00, p = .003, R2 change = .069) and adolescent (F1,109 change = 10.41, p = .002, R2 change = .083) conduct problems were associated with worse overall functioning during young adulthood, controlling for initial ADHD severity, child IQ, and demographics. Results were similar when predicting psychiatric symptoms. Adolescent school failure and disciplinary problems mediated the relations between childhood conduct problems and both young-adult functioning and externalizing problems; adolescent internalizing problems and peer conflict mediated the relation between childhood conduct problems and young-adult internalizing problems. As is true for boys, childhood and adolescent conduct problems are associated with poor adult outcomes among girls with ADHD, with school failure and disciplinary problems, internalizing problems, and peer conflict functioning as mediators of these relations.
Palmitate-activated astrocytes via SPT increase BACE1 in primary neurons by SMases

Astrocytes play a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previously, we showed that saturated free-fatty acid, palmitate (PA), upregulates BACE1 level and amyloidogenesis in primary rat neurons mediated by astrocytes. However, the molecular mechanisms by which conditioned media from PA-treated astrocytes upregulates BACE1 level in neurons are unknown. This study demonstrates that serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) in the astrocytes increases ceramide levels, which enhances the release of cytokines that mediate the activation of neural and acidic sphingomyelinase (N-SMase and A-SMase) in the neurons, to propagate the deleterious effects of palmitate, i.e. BACE1 upregulation. In support of the relevance of SPT in AD, our lab recently measure and found SPT levels to be significantly upregulated in AD brains as compared to controls (Geekiyanage and Chan, 2011). Cytokines, namely TNF α and IL-1 β , released into the conditioned media of PA-treated astrocytes activate N-SMase and A-SMase in the neurons. Neutralizing the cytokines in the PA-treated astrocyte conditioned media reduced BACE1 upregulation. However, inhibiting SPT in the astrocytes decreased the levels of both TNF α and IL-1 β in the conditioned media, which in turn reduced the SMase activities and BACE1 level in primary neurons. Thus, our results suggest that the activation of the astrocytes by PA is mediated by SPT, and the activated astrocytes increases BACE1 level in the neurons, the latter is mediate by the SMases. of the astrocytes monolayers were >90% as determined by GFAP immunoreactivity and flow cytometry.
CHANGES IN EXTRACELLULAR LEVELS OF GLUTAMATE IN THE NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS FOLLOWING ETHANOL-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL SENSITIZATION IN ADOLESCENT AND ADULT MICE

Repeated administration of low doses of ethanol gradually increases locomotor responses to ethanol in adult Swiss mice. This phenomenon is known as behavioral sensitization. However, we have shown that adolescent Swiss mice show either behavioral tolerance or no sensitization after repeated ethanol injections. Although the mesolimbic dopamine system has been extensively implicated in behavioral sensitization, several studies have demonstrated an important role of glutamatergic transmission in this phenomenon. In addition, relatively few studies have examined the role of developmental factors in behavioral sensitization to ethanol. To examine the relationship between age differences in behavioral sensitization to ethanol and the neurochemical adaptations related to glutamate within nucleus accumbens (NAc), in vivo microdialysis was conducted in adolescent and adult Swiss mice treated with ethanol (1.8 g/kg) or saline for 15 days, and subsequently challenged with an acute dose (1.8 g/kg) of ethanol six days later. Consistent with previous findings, only adult mice demonstrated evidence of behavioral sensitization. However, ethanol-treated adolescent mice demonstrated a 196.1 ± 40.0% peak increase in extracellular levels of glutamate in the NAc following ethanol challenge in comparison with basal values, whereas ethanol-treated adult mice demonstrated a 52.2 ± 6.2% reduction in extracellular levels of glutamate in the NAc following ethanol challenge. These observations suggest an age-dependent inverse relationship between behavioral and glutamatergic responses to repeated ethanol exposure. changes in the brain contribute to numerous age-specific behaviors that are unique to this stage of development. Brain reward systems related to drug dependence also undergo significant structural and neurochemical rearrangements during
In Perspective: Estrogen Therapy Proves to Safely and Effectively Reduce Total Mortality and Coronary Heart Disease in Recently Postmenopausal Women

Recent data from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) support an extensive body of evidence that estrogen therapy (ET) reduces total mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD) in women less than age 60 who initiate ET in close proximity to menopause (1). With the release of these data, the role of hormone therapy (HT), specifically ET for the primary prevention of CHD in postmenopausal women is clearer especially when appreciated in relation to other commonly used therapies (2-4).
Investigation of cavity PD physical processes at DC voltage by simulation

In order to reveal partial discharge (PD) physical processes at DC voltage, a model with regard to PD taking place within a cavity embedded in polyethylene is established, in which the charge fluid equations and the Poisson equation are employed to simulate streamer propagation and surface charge accumulation processes after it arrives at the gas–solid interface. Meanwhile, parameters such as discharge current and discharge time during a PD sequence are obtained by considering surface charge decay and discharge time lag variation in the discharge time interval. It is found from the simulation results that the electrons generated by the discharge accumulate on the upper surface of the cavity and the time taken to accumulate is less that 1 ns when a positive voltage is applied to the upper electrode. On the contrary, positive ions accumulate on the lower surface, and the time taken is about 90 ns. Besides, the density of positive ions is slightly higher than that of the electrons. During a PD sequence, the decay of surface charges resulting from previous discharge can be considered to be the key factor contributing to the occurrence of subsequent one, and electric field within the cavity mainly depends on negative surface charges just before the subsequent PD takes place, because of the lower decay rate of the negative charges than the positive ones. The discharge time interval can be divided into two parts: discharge time lag and discharge recovery time, which depend on the surface charge decay rate. As surface charge decay rate increases or the discharge time lag decreases, the discharge time interval decreases. Moreover, the discharge current is affected by discharge time lag and the surface charge decay rate. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.