Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Grammaticalization of the Motion Verb “Raħ” as a Prospective Aspect Marker in Syrian Arabic

This essay examines the development of a prospective future particle from a motion verb, a topic that, crosslinguistically, has played a key role in the development of the grammaticalization theory. The essay posits that the Syrian Arabic prospective future particle developed out of the Classical/Standard Arabic verb “rāħ” (go). The essay focuses on the uses of this future particle and lays out the grammaticalization stages of the “raħ”-future in Syrian Arabic. The grammaticalization path from the Classical/Standard Arabic verb “rāħ” to a prospective future particle in Syrian Arabic resulted in semantic shift (desemanticization), morphological shift (decategorialization), phonetic shift (erosion), and morphophonological shift (cliticization).
Oxidative Reaction of Frozen-Stored and Heat Treatments Meat Products

The exhaustion of ready-to-eat (RTE) products, have become growingly popular over recent years. In the United States, for example, 82.6% of consumers frequently eat fast food in restaurants at least once a week. Frozen storage is easiest way to preserve food from the negative impact of temperature, so It is included thorough evaluation of the quality parameters. In general, a reasonable temperature to store food is -18 °C for most frozen foods, and this will keep the quality in commercial storage meat products, in specially, the very popular meat products and widely consumed world wide. Meat and Its products are essential component for human nutrition. They compose of proteins, vitamins and minerals, as well as vital fatty acids. Meat is necessary to meet all of the dietary requirements, on the other hand, they are subjected to degrading processes, such as microbial deterioration, oxidative processes which are the most important among them. Oxidative processes cause oxidation of lipids, pigments, proteins and vitamins. Furthermore, there is a nutritional loss that leads to produce hazardous compounds, therefore the meat industry’s control of oxidative processes is requisite. The purpose of this study is to determine the significant alterations that happening in frozen meat products quality.
Efficiency of Extracted Propolis with Four Solvents Against Third Instar Larvae of Culex Pipiens Molestus Forskal (Diptera:Culcidae)

The effect of ethanolic, acetonic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of propolis against 3rd instar larvae of Culex pipiens molestus Forskal (Diptera:Culicidae) in various concentrations was investigated in this work. A con. of (300 ppm) of ethanolic extract of propolis on a 3rd day of treatment, had a lethal effect on mosquito 3rd instar larvae, resulting in a mortality rate of 100%, followed by a con. of (250 ppm), which caused in a morality rate of 91.52 percent of larva during the seventh day of experiment. The acetone extract con. of (1000 ppm), on the other hand, killed almost all of the larvae during the 3rd day of experiment, while the (750 ppm) con. , killed 89.65 percent of the larva on the seventh day of experiment. On a fourth day of experiment, a con. of (1000 ppm) of methanol extract of propolis caused 100 percent mortality of larvae, followed by a con. of (750 ppm) that caused 90 percent fatality of larvae during the seventh day of experiment. In the status of the aqueous extract, the mortality percentage reached 100% on the 6th day of experiment at a con. of (5000 ppm), followed by 66.66 percent mortality of larvae during the 7th day of experiment at a con. of (4000 ppm), compared to the control group, where the highest percentage was 3.33 percent in the acetonic extract of propolis.
Genetic Diversity and Identification of MC1R SNPs Association with Colors in Iraqi Local Ducks

The aim of the study was to reveal the variation in the polymorphisms of Melancortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene and relationship of SNP with colors in Iraqi local duck, in addition to identifying some of molecular characteristics of this gene and identifying the differences in the amino acids of MC1R gene and their differences between the white and gray local duck lines, two local duck lines were selected with 14 white and 14 gray birds, was chosen a region with size 515 bp MC1R gene, where designed the primer of; (Forward primer 5’-, GCTCTTCATGCTGCTGATGG -3, and Reverse primer 5’-, GGCAGGTGACGATGAGGATG -3) by relying on the reference copy under the accession number KU234624.1, the results with PCR technique and electrophoresis proved success of amplification process and fragment was 515 bp. After analyzing sequence of nitrogenous bases for the studied fragment for MC1R gene, two changes were observed in nitrogenous bases, which is known as single nucleotide formation (SNP). The two sites for studied fragment recorded with accession numbers for our study are LC480442.55G> A and LC480443.328C> T. It was observed that the first change site did not lead to any change in the amino acid (valine) at the 126th site of peptide chain of MC1R gene, while the second site resulted in an occurrence change in the amino acid arginine to cysteine at position 217 of peptide chain of the gene. The results showed, it was found that sites of changes in nitrogenous bases were found in both white and gray lines of local ducks, while the study did not show any correlation between these sites with the color of ducks. The results of some molecular tests of the MC1R gene showed that rate of change of nitrogenous bases and the genetic variation for studied frgament is very small when comparing the haplotypes and phylogenetic tree of the animals in this study, and the animals from other countries such as China, it was observed that local ducks possess same nucleotide sequence, which means possibility of dependence origin of local duck of Chinese ducks. The fragments obtained in this study for MC1R gene were recorded at global gene bank sites in NCBI, EMBL and DDBJ under independent accession numbers for our Iraqi local animals which LC480442, LC480443, LC480444, and LC480445.
Effect of Bio-Inoculum, Compost, and Humic Acid on NPK Availability in Tomato Soils

The study aimed to determine the influence of biological inoculation and organic fertilizer on the availability of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium (N.P.K.) in protected tomato soil. During the 2021 agricultural season, the experiment was conducted in greenhouses in the Al-Azzawiya area / Babylon Governorate (longitude 44.5E and latitude 32.7N). Bacterial bio-inoculum was used and compared with the control (S0 and S1), three levels of compost (C0, C1, C2) tons.ha-1, and three levels of organic fertilizer Humus (H0, H1, H2) and the interaction between them in nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium were used. The results of the statistical analysis resulted in higher values of the triple interaction treatment (S1 + H2 + C2) than the control by giving it the highest mean concentration of available nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in the soil (48.70, 19.71, 255.33) mg.kg-1.soil for each, respectively.
Effect of Adding Different Vitamin D3 Concentrations on Chilled Storage of Awassi Ram Semen

Prolong semen quality following the chilled process is important for assistant reproductive techniques such as artificial insemination. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of vitamin D3 to the Tris-egg yolk extender on some semen parameters stored at 5ºC. Three Awassi rams were used in this study. Semen samples were collected pooled and diluted with an egg-yolk extender (1:10). Four Aliquots were divided into three treatments with vitamin D3 (T1= 0.02, T2=0.004, T3= 0.002 gm) and one control (T0). All samples were chilled to 5ºC. Samples were estimated at time h0 and after 24, 48,72, and 96 hours following treatment. Individual motility, dead sperm, abnormal sperm, and hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) was used in this study. The individual motility significantly decreased in T1 compared to T0, T2, and T3 in all studded hours. Also, the individual motility in T3 was significantly greater at h48, h72, and h96, compared to T0, T1. The dead sperm was significantly greater in T1 on h0 compared to T0, T2, and T3. The HOST test was significantly greater in T0, T2, and T3 on h0 compared to T1. In conclusion, low vitamin D3 supplementation to the Awassi semen might potentiate the individual motility for up to 72 hours and trend to enhance some semen parameters.
Removal Efficiency, Accumulation and Biochemical Response of Lemna minor L. Exposed to Some Heavy Metals

Both terrestrial and aquatic plants can be used for removing various pollutants such as hydrocarbons, heavy metals, etc via phytotechnology. This study applied different concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Cr (1, 4, and 8) mg/L to evaluate heavy metal removal and toxicological effects on Lemna minor L. in laboratory experiments for 12 days. At the beginning and the end of experiments, the parameters were measured, including fresh weight, relative growth rate (RGR), total chlorophyll, protein, and proline content, as well as other parameters measuring at the end of experiments such as metal remaining in water, removal efficiency, and bioconcentration factor(BCF) in plant. The results demonstrated a decrease in metal concentrations in aqueous solution at all treatments with different values. The highest removal efficiencies were Pb >Cr >Cd, respectively. It was 88.8 % at the 1 mg/L of lead and 22.22 % at 8 mg/L of Cd. The toxicological effects on plants as a response to selected metals were increased with increasing concentrations and periods of exposure. The reduction in fresh, dry weight, t. chlorophyll, and protein content were more in Cd>Cr>Pb respectively compared with increased in control treatments. The highest reduction at 8 mg/L of Cd were 0.329 µg/gram, 18.656 % for total chlorophyll and protein content respectively. The result showed the proline content increased with increasing concentration and the value was highest in Cd>Cr>Pb. The results suggest that Lemna minor L. is a good candidate for treating polluted water with heavy metals.
Corneal topography reinterpretation through separate analysis of the projected rings

We present a new algorithm to process captured images of reflected Placido rings. Up to our knowledge, conventional topographers transform from Cartesian to polar coordinates and vice-versa, thus extrapolating corneal data and introducing noise and image artefacts. Moreover, captured data are processed by the device according to proprietary algorithms and offering a final map of corneal curvature. Corneal topography images consists of concentric rings of approximately elliptical shape. Our proposal consists of considering the information that provides each separate ring. A snake-annealing-like method permits identifying the ring even with discontinuities due to eye-lashes and reflections. By analysing the geometrical parameters of rings (centre, semi-axis and orientation), one can obtain information about small morphological micro-fluctuations and local astigmatisms. These parameters can be obtained with sub-pixel accuracy so the method results of high precision. The method can be easily adapted to work on any topographer, so that it can provide additional information about the cornea at no additional cost.
Filtrage robuste pour les systèmes stochastiques incertains

Ce memoire aborde la synthese de filtres H-infine d'ordre plein et d'ordre reduit pour les systemes stochastiques a temps continu avec bruits multiplicatifs. Les bruits consideres dans l'equation d'etat et dans l'equation de mesures sont des processus de Wiener. Les systemes stochastiques etudies dans ce memoire sont ecrits sous la forme d'une equation differentielle stochastique au sens d'Ito dans lesquels la derive et la diffusion sont lineaires ou bilineaires. Les systemes avec plusieurs bruits multiplicatifs et les systemes dont les mesures sont affectees par des bruits multiplicatifs sont egalement traites dans ce memoire. La conception d'une commande H-infine basee sur un observateur d'ordre reduit pour les systemes stochastiques incertains est etudiee. Le critere de performance considere est le critere H-infine du signal de perturbation vers le signal d'erreur d'estimation. La stabilite retenue pour ces systemes stochastiques dans ce travail est la stabilite exponentielle en moyenne quadratique. La methode utilisee pour trouver les matrices des filtres est basee sur l'utilisation de la theorie de Lyapunov pour les equations differentielles stochastiques, la formule d'Ito et sur la resolution des Inegalites Matricielles Affines couplees a des contraintes bilineaires qui assurent la stabilite et la performance.
Near-wall hot-wire measurements Part II: Turbulence time scale, convective velocity and spectra in the viscous sublayer

This work continues our previous studies, where experiments were performed in turbulent-channel and flat-plate boundary-layer flows using near-wall hot-wire probes. The probability density function (pdf) of the wall-shear stress and streamwise velocity fluctuations in the viscous sublayer, buffer region and beyond were compared and analyzed. The convective velocity U c of the streamwise velocity fluctuations in the very near-wall region was obtained using a two-point correlation technique. It was found that in the viscous sublayer, U c is approximately constant at 13u τ and 15u τ , respectively, for the channel and boundary-layer flows. Spectra data for the viscous sublayer are presented for the first time, and the normalized spectral plots for different flow conditions collapse at high frequencies or wavenumbers, thus indicating the possible presence of small-scale universality at different Reynolds numbers. The integral time scale corresponding to the streamwise velocity fluctuations in the viscous sublayer is also presented
Role of Rotifers in Betanodavirus Transmission to European Sea Bass Larvae

Marine invertebrates such as rotifers or Artemia, frequently used for fish larvae feeding, can be a potential source of pathogens. It has been demonstrated that Artemia can act as a nervous necrosis virus (NNV)-vector to Senegalese sole larvae. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to clarify the role of rotifers in NNV transmission to sea bass larvae following an oral challenge. Our results showed that sea bass larvae fed on a single dose of rotifers retaining NNV displayed clinical signs, mortality, and viral replication similar to the immersion challenge, although the course of the infection was slightly different between the two infection routes. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that rotifers can internalize NNV particles due to their filtering nature and maintain virus viability since viral particles were detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and cell culture within the rotifer body. However, viral quantification data suggested that rotifers are not permissive to NNV replication. In conclusion, this research demonstrated NNV horizontal transmission through rotifers to sea bass larvae, highlighting the importance of establishing strict routine controls on live food to prevent the introduction of potential pathogens to hatcheries.
Is the industry reviving the old promotional strategies to promote new tobacco products in Indonesia? A social psychology perspective

COPYRIGHT © 2022 Bigwanto. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Is the industry reviving the old promotional strategies to promote new tobacco products in Indonesia? A social psychology perspective
Stopping bDMARDs at the beginning of pregnancy is associated with disease flares and preterm delivery in women with rheumatoid arthritis

Objectives: Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) can experience flares during pregnancy that might influence pregnancy outcomes. We aimed at assessing the disease course during pregnancy and identifying risk factors for flares. Methods: Data about prospectively-followed pregnancies in RA were retrospectively collected before conception, during each trimester and in the post-partum period. Clinical characteristics, disease activity (DAS28-CRP3), medication use, and pregnancy outcomes were analysed with regard to disease flares. Results: Among 73 women who had a live birth, 64 (88%) were in remission/low disease activity before conception. During pregnancy, a flare occurred in 27 (37%) patients, mainly during first and second trimester. Flares during pregnancy were associated with the discontinuation of bDMARDs at positive pregnancy test (55% of patients with flare vs. 30% of patients with no flare, p 0.034, OR 2.857, 95% CI 1.112–8.323) and a previous use of >1 bDMARDs (33% of patients with flare vs. 10% of patients with no flare, p 0.019, OR 4.1, 95%CI 1.204–13.966). Preterm pregnancies were characterised by higher values of CRP [10 mg/L (5–11) vs. 3 mg/L (2.5–5), p 0.01] and DAS28-CRP3 [4.2 (1.9–4.5) vs. 1.9 (1.7–2.6), p 0.01] during the first trimester as compared with pregnancies at term. Preterm delivery was associated with the occurrence of flare during pregnancy (flare 27% vs. no-flare 7%, p 0.034, OR 4.625, 95%CI 1.027–20.829). Conclusion: Preterm delivery in RA patients was associated with flares during pregnancy. Flares occurred more frequently after the discontinuation of bDMARDs at positive pregnancy test. Women with aggressive RA on treatment with bDMARDs should be considered as candidates for continuing bDMARDs during pregnancy in order to reduce the risk of flare and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
How Social Exclusion Affects Consumers’ Color Preference

Social exclusion can cause negative changes on human beings both in the physiological and psychological aspects. Although considerable efforts have been devoted to study its effects on consumption behavior, little attention has been paid to the consequence that social exclusion might have on consumer’s color preference and the underlying mechanisms. Such social events can change individual’s behavior. This work examines the influence of social exclusion on consumers’ color preference as well as the moderation and mediation effects via three experiments: Experiment 1 studies the impacts of social exclusion on consumer color choice (warm color versus cold color). To further validate the robustness of the results, experiment 2 is designed by replicating the findings of experiment 1 in another product category and instructed the participants to choose products with different colors. Meanwhile, the mediation effect of self-threat is examined. In Experiment 3, the moderation effect of self-construal is investigated via a 2 (exclusion vs. inclusion) × 2 (independent vs. interdependent) × (warm color vs. cold color) between-subjects design. Our results indicate that social exclusion makes people prefer warm colors rather than cold colors. However, these effects would be mediated by self-threat, which could be further moderated by self-construal. The present study establishes the relationship between social exclusion and consumers’ color preference, which is expected to provide guidance for companies to improve product design and promotion strategies to adapt to various contexts.
Prognostic value of blood pressure and resting heart rate in patients with tricuspid regurgitation

Background The prognostic value of blood pressure (BP) and resting heart rate (RHR) in tricuspid regurgitation (TR) patients is unknown. Aims This study aimed to investigate the associations of BP and RHR with all-cause mortality in patients with TR. Methods A total of 2,013 patients with moderate or severe TR underwent echocardiography and BP measurement. The associations of routinely measured BP and RHR with 2-year all-cause mortality were analyzed. Results The cohort had 45.9% male patients and a mean age of 62.5 ± 15.9 years. At the 2-year follow-up, 165 patient deaths had occurred. The risk of death decreased rapidly, negatively correlating with systolic blood pressure (SBP) up to 120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) up to 70 mmHg. For RHR, the risk increased in direct proportion, starting at 80 beats per min. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, coronary heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and NYHA class, SBP [hazard ratio (HR):0.89; 95% CI:0.823–0.957 per 10 mmHg increase; P =0.002], DBP (HR:0.8; 95% CI:0.714–0.908 per 10 mmHg increase; P < 0.001), and RHR (HR: 1.1; 95% CI: 1.022–1.175 per 10 beats per min increase; P = 0.011) were independently associated with all-cause mortality. These associations persisted after further adjustments for echocardiographic indices, medications, serological tests, and etiologies. Conclusion In this cohort of patients with TR, routinely measured BP and RHR were associated with all-cause mortality independently. However, further large-scale, high-quality studies are required to validate our findings.
Modifications of the v2-f Model for Computing the Flow in a 3D Wall Jet

In this work the flows in a three-dimensional wall jet and in a fully developed plane channel are computed. Two different turbulence models are used, the low-Re model [1] and the model [2, 3]. Two modifications of the model are proposed. In the original model the wall-normal stress is allowed to exceed , although it is supposed to be the smallest of the normal stresses. A simple modification of the model is proposed which takes care of this problem. In the model, two velocity scales are available, and , where the latter is the wallnormal fluctuations which are dampened by the wall. In the second modification of the model we propose to use two viscosities, one ( ) – based on – for the turbulent diffusion in the wallnormal direction, and the other ( ) – based on – for the turbulent diffusion in the wall-parallel directions.
Model of lifetimes of the outer radiation belt electrons in a realistic magnetic field using realistic chorus wave parameters

The outer radiation belt electrons in the inner magnetosphere show high variability during the geomagnetically disturbed conditions. Quasi‐linear diffusion theory provides both a framework for global prediction of particle loss at different energies and an understanding of the dynamics of different particle populations. It has been recently shown that the pitch angle scattering of electrons due to wave‐particle interaction with chorus waves modeled in a realistic magnetic field may be significantly different from those estimated in a dipole model. In this work, we present the lifetimes of 1 keV–2 MeV electrons computed in the Tsyganenko 89 magnetic field model for the night, dawn, prenoon, and postnoon magnetic local time (MLT) sectors for different levels of geomagnetic activity and distances. The lifetimes in the realistic field are also compared to those computed in the dipole model. We develop a realistic chorus lower band and upper band wave models for each MLT sector using the recent statistical studies of wave amplitude, wave normal angle, and wave spectral density distributions as functions of magnetic latitude, distance, and Kp index. The increase of plasma trough density with increasing latitude is also included. The obtained in the Tsyganenko 89 field electron lifetimes are parameterized and can be used in 2‐D/3‐D/4‐D convection and particle tracing codes.