Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Electrochemical Detremination of Nitric Oxide in Seawater Media with Microelectrodes

The electrochemical determination of nitric oxide in seawater with microelectrodes is reported in this paper. Two electrodes, ISO-NOPMC microsensor and modified platinum microelectrode, are evaluated for their performance in seawater. The peak current is found to be linear with the NO concentration in the range 1×10-6-1.2×10-5 mol/l for both microelectrodes. The detection limit of ISO-NOPMC microsensor is 1.4×10-8 mol/l. Two methods for calibration of NO sensor, saturated NO solutions and decomposition of S-nitroso-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP), are discussed and compared. In addition, we examined the performance degradation of these microelectrodes in seawater due to complexation with seawater components.
Parental care shapes evolution of aposematism and provides lifelong protection against predators

Social interactions within species can modulate the response to selection and determine the extent of evolutionary change. Yet relatively little work has determined whether the social environment can influence the evolution of traits that are selected by interactions with other species - a major source of natural selection. Here we show that the amount of parental care received as an offspring can influence the expression, and potential evolution, of warning displays deployed against predators in adulthood. In theory, warning displays by prey are selected by predators for uniformity and to reliably advertise the extent to which individuals are chemically defended. However, the correlated evolution of intensity of the visual display and strength of the chemical defense is only possible if there is a genetic correlation between them. Adult burying beetles Nicrophorus vespilloides bear bright orange elytral markings which advertise their chemical defenses. We experimentally manipulated the level of maternal care that individuals received when they were larvae and then measured the strength of the correlation between the component parts of the warning display when they reached adulthood. We found that under limited care individuals were smaller and produced less conspicuous warning displays. The underlying family (genetic) correlation between the visual display and the chemical defense was weaker in individuals that received little care as larvae. We conclude that parenting by burying beetles modulates the evolvability of aposematic defense, making correlated evolutionary change in signal intensity and chemical defense less likely when they restrict care to their young. Significance Statement Parental care can improve early offspring survival against predators. However, we have little knowledge of how its effects shape the evolution of predator-prey interactions later in the offspring’s life. We tested this with carrion beetles who provide care for offspring and who carry warning coloration to advertise to predators that they are chemically defended. We show that more parental care resulted in larger, more brightly coloured and chemically defended adult beetles. Furthermore, when parents had provided little care for their young we found weaker genetic correlations between warning signal salience and chemical defense. Over time, this could result in untrustworthy warning signals, which could render them ineffective against predators.
Game theoretic-based optimal load frequency control of power systems with network-induced delays

This paper presents a game theoretic-based load frequency control (LFC) scheme for power systems with network-induced delays. First, a dynamic model of two-area LFC systems is developed under consideration of bounded network-induced delays. Second, the optimal control problem of power systems with network-induced delays is formulated as a stochastic linear quadratic game. Then, by using differential games and Lyapunov theories, the game theoretic-based optimal load frequency controllers are designed for the system under consideration, and an algorithm is presented to make the desired optimal LFC gains solvable. Finally, a case study is carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Integration of browser-to-browser architectures with third party legacy cloud storage

An increasing number of web applications run totally or partially in the client machines from collaborative editing tools to multi-user games. Avoiding to continuously contact the server allows to reduce latency between clients and to minimize the load on the centralized component. Novel implementation techniques, such as WebRTC, allows to address network problems that previously prevented these systems to be deployed in practice. Legion is a newly developed framework that exploits these mechanisms, allowing client web applications to replicate data from servers, and synchronize these replicas directly among them. This work aims at extending the current Legion framework in two significative ways: (i) integration of additional legacy storage systems that are often used to support web applications. Furthermore we plan to study how the different data models supported by these storage services and interfaces affect the performance of an integration with Legion; (ii) enrich the Legion framework with causal consistency by leveraging mechanisms provided by the centralized storage services.
Algorithme EM en ligne simulé pour la factorisation non-négative probabiliste

This paper describes a general purpose algorithm for online estimation in probabilistic latent factor models. The algorithm called simulated online EM is an extension of the online EM algorithm of Cappé & Moulines (2009) based on the use of MCMC simulations to approximate individual E-steps. The algorithm is applied to perform unsupervised analysis of audio signals using a probabilistic version of the Itakura-Saito non-negative matrix factorization model.
Ultrastructural Detection of Neuronal Markers, Receptors, and Vesicular Transporters

At the ultrastructural level, axon terminals containing synaptic vesicles are clearly observed. These axon terminals (presynaptic component of a synapse) may be seen establishing contacts (synapses) with cell bodies, axons, or dendrites (postsynaptic component of a synapse). By a combination of ultrastructural analysis and immunodetection of molecules, it is possible to determine the subcellular distribution of specific cellular markers (i.e., enzymes), neurotransmitters (within synaptic vesicles), vesicular transporters (in association with vesicles), and receptors (within the presynaptic or postsynaptic component of a synapse). Here we will provide detailed protocols that facilitate the ultrastructural detection of cellular markers, receptors, and vesicular transporters. These protocols include brain ultrastructural immunodetection of one, two, or three different types of molecules prior to brain tissue processing for ultrastructural analysis (pre‐embedding immunolabeling), brain molecular immunodetection after tissue processing for ultrastructural analysis (post‐embedding immunolabeling), or molecular immunodetection in purified synaptic vesicles. Published 2019. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
POSTOPERATIVE MEDIASTINITIS IN CARDIAC SURGERY - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION

Infective complications of surgical site in cardiac surgery, i.e. the sternal wound, in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and their most severe form, that is mediastinitis, represent a severe complication with enormous impact on morbidity and mortality. The onset of this complication requires prolonged therapeutic treatments with antibiotics, surgical reoperations or both, with great suffering of patients affected by the complication itself, which causes a significant prolongation of hospital stay, hence with increased costs, increasing anyway the risk for mortality. The incidence of surgical site infection in cardiac surgery varies between 0.9 and 20%, according to different international case studies, with an average incidence of about 10%. According to the classification made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, which is widely used in the literature by various authors in different studies published in this area, the infectious complications that can affect the surgical site after sternotomy, can be categorized into 2 groups: 1) Infections of the superficial layers of the sternal wound, i.e. “Superficial Sternal Wound Infection” (SSWI): when the infection affects only the skin and the subcutaneous tissue at the site of incision. 2) Infection of the deep layers, i.e. “deep sternal wound infection” (DSWI), or post-sternotomy mediastinitis, which occurs when the infection Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2015, 31: 1311
Peta Pikiran Otomatis Teks Berbahasa Indonesia Menggunakan Word Co-occurrence Dan Bobot Kalimat

Abstrak Pada penelitian ini dibuat sistem yang men-generate peta pikiran yang isi cabang-cabangnya merupakan kata kunci hasil ekstraksi dengan menggunakan word co-occurrence statistical information. Penelitian ini menyajikan perbandingan antara peta pikiran hasil sistem dengan pembobotan kalimat dan peta pikiran hasil sistem tanpa pembobotan kalimat. Penggunaan pembobotan kalimat adalah untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap kata kunci-kata kunci cabang-cabang peta pikiran. Sistem mampu men-generate peta pikiran dari sebuah dokumen, baik dengan maupun tanpa pembobotan kalimat. Sistem tanpa pembobotan kalimat menghasilkan peta pikiran dengan rata-rata jumlah kata kunci penting cabang utama sebesar 75% dan rata-rata jumlah cabang anak relevan dengan cabang utamanya 37,52%. Sedangkan, sistem dengan pembobotan kalimat menghasilkan peta pikiran dengan rata-rata jumlah kata kunci penting cabang utama sebesar 70,83% dan rata-rata jumlah cabang anak yang penting dan relevan dengan cabang utamanya 34,61%. Kata Kunci : peta pikiran, word co-occurrence, pembobotan kalimat, ekstraksi kata kunci
Deep Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Star Clusters in NGC 1275

We present an analysis of compact star clusters in deep Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images of NGC 1275. B- and R-band photometry of roughly 3000 clusters shows a bimodality in the B - R colors, suggesting that distinct old and young cluster populations are present. The small spread in the colors of the blue clusters is consistent with the hypothesis that they are a single-age population, with an inferred age of 0.1 to 1 Gyr. The luminosity function shows increasing numbers of blue clusters to the limit of our photometry, which reaches several magnitudes past the turnover predicted if the cluster population is identical to current Galactic globular clusters seen at a younger age. The blue clusters have a spatial distribution that is more centrally peaked than that of the red clusters. The individual clusters are slightly resolved, with core radii ≲0.75 pc if they have modified Hubble profiles. We estimate the specific frequencies of the old and young populations and discuss the uncertainties in these estimates. We find that the specific frequency of the young population in NGC 1275 is currently larger than that of the old population and will remain so as the young population evolves, even if the majority of the low-mass clusters are eventually destroyed. If the young population formed during a previous merger, this suggests that mergers can increase the specific frequency of globular clusters in a galaxy. However, the presently observed young population likely contains too few clusters to have a significant impact on the overall specific frequency as it will be observed in the future.
Diverse patterns of temporal selectivity in the evoked vocal responses of a frog from the temperate austral forest, Batrachyla taeniata (Batrachylidae)

ABSTRACT Evoked vocal responses of male frogs Batrachyla taeniata to synthetic advertisement calls and variants having different temporal features altered parametrically were studied to identify patterns of evoked vocal responses (EVRs) that conform with static and dynamic modes of variation and with corresponding selective processes affected by different temporal components of the acoustic signals. Frogs responded with higher call rates and longer call durations to stimuli of 25–100 pulses/s, resembling conspecific calls. This response mode was not related to spectral differences among stimuli, as frogs responded similarly to a series of stimuli built with noise instead of tones. Frogs responded with lower call rates and shorter call durations to a non-pulsed 500-ms tone having the duration of the complete call, a decrement related to the dissimilar spectral composition of the tone, restricted to a single frequency, as frogs responded strongly to a non-pulsed 500-ms stimulus built with noise instead of a 2.1-kHz sinusoidal. Frogs responded with lower call rates and shorter call durations to synthetic calls composed by 3 or less pulses. The EVRs for pulse rate stimuli series are consistent with a stabilizing selectivity pattern, whereas EVRs for pulse duration and call duration stimuli series conform with directional selectivity patterns.
Area 2 of primary somatosensory cortex encodes kinematics of the whole arm

Proprioception, or the sense of body position, movement, and associated forces, remains poorly understood, despite its clear importance to making coordinated movements. In the classic model of neurons in area 2, a proprioceptive area of primary somatosensory cortex, neural activity is related simply to the movement of the hand and interaction forces it encounters during movement, similar to our conscious experience of proprioception. However, in two separate experiments, examining 1) active and passive movements and 2) reaches to targets in two different workspaces, we found that a model of area 2 activity built on kinematics of the whole arm successfully predicted how features of neural activity changed across movement conditions, while the classic hand-based model was unable to. This suggests that, unlike our conscious experience and the classic model of proprioception in cortex, neural activity in area 2 represents movement of the whole arm.
A Self-Adapting Synchronized-Switch Interface Circuit for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

This paper presents a self-adapting synchronized-switch harvesting (SA-SSH) interface circuit to extract energy from vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs). The implemented circuit utilizes a novel switching technique to recycle optimum amount of harvested charge on piezoelectric capacitance to strengthen the damping force, and simultaneously achieve load-independent energy extraction with a single inductor. Charge recycling is realized by adjusting extraction time, and optimized through a maximum power point tracker based on charge-flipping dissipation. The circuit has been implemented using 180 nm HV CMOS technology with 0.9 × 0.6 mm2 active area. Self-adapting SSH circuit has been validated with both macro-scaled and MEMS PEHs with different inductor values. The interface circuit provides maximum energy extraction for the full storage voltage range of 1.8–3.7 V. The implementation harnesses have 500% more power compared to an ideal full-bridge rectifier, and output 3.4 μW for 2.24 V peak-to-peak open-circuit piezoelectric voltage from MEMS PEH excited at its resonant frequency.
Minimizing Annual Average Daily Nonmotorized Traffic Estimation Errors: How Many Counters Are Needed per Factor Group?

Accurate estimates of bicycle and pedestrian volume inform safety studies, trend monitoring, and infrastructure improvements. The Federal Highway Administration’s Traffic Monitoring Guide advises current practice for estimation of nonmotorized traffic. While methodologies have been developed to minimize error in estimation of annual average daily nonmotorized traffic (AADNT), challenges persist. This study provides new guidance for monitoring and volume estimation of nonmotorized traffic. Using continuous count data from 102 sites across six cities, the findings confirm that mean absolute percent error (MAPE) in estimated AADNT is minimized when seven-day short duration counts are collected in June through September and for 24-h counts, when data are collected Tuesdays through Thursdays (except for pedestrian-only counts). MAPE across all days (except holidays) and seasons was 34% for 24-h and 20–22% for seven-day short duration counts. The magnitude of bicycle and pedestrian volumes did not significantly affect estimation errors. For factor groups larger than one counter, the length of short duration samples may influence accuracy of AADNT estimates more than the number of counters per group, all else equal. To maximize precision of estimates of AADNT, four or more counters per factor group for bicycle and five or more for pedestrian travel monitoring are recommended. These findings provide guidance for practitioners seeking to establish or improve nonmotorized traffic monitoring programs.
Control Synthesis and ISS Stability Analysis of a Dual-User Haptic Training System Based on S-Shaped Function

The controller design and stability analysis of a dual user training haptic system is studied. Most of the previously proposed control methodologies for this system have not simultaneously considered special requirements of surgery training and stability analysis of the nonlinear closed-loop system which is the objective of this paper. In the proposed training approach, the trainee is allowed to freely experience the task and be corrected as needed, while the trainer maintains the task dominance. A special S-shaped function is suggested to generate the corrective force according to the magnitude of motion error between the trainer and the trainee. The closed-loop stability of the system is analyzed considering the nonlinearity of the system components using the Input-to-State Stability approach. Simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Insight into the Optoelectronic and Thermoelectric Properties of Mn Doped ZnTe from First Principles Calculation

Using DFT band structure simulations together with semi-classical Boltzmann transport kinetics equations, we have explored the optoelectronic and transport features of MnxZn1−xTe (x = 8% and 16%) crystals. Optimization of the doping and related technological processes it is extremely important for optimization of the technological parameters. The Generalized Gradient Approximation is applied to compute the corresponding band structure parameters. We have applied the Generalized Gradient Approximation Plus U (GGA+U). We have demonstrated that MnxZn1−xTe (x = 8% and 16%) is a direct type band semiconductor with principal energy gap values equal to 2.20 and 2.0 eV for x = 8% and 16%, respectively. The energy gap demonstrates significant decrease with increasing Mn content. Additionally, the origin of the corresponding bands is explored from the electronic density of states. The optical dispersion functions are calculated from the spectra of dielectric function. The theoretical simulations performed unambiguously showed that the titled materials are simultaneously promising optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices. The theoretical simulations performed showed ways for amendment of their transport properties by replacement of particular ions.
Use of BIM for the optimal management of existing buildings

Ce travail de these porte sur l'utilisation de la maquette numerique du bâtiment (BIM) pour l'optimisation de la gestion des bâtiments existants, en particulier le logement social. Ces bâtiments sont caracterises par le vieillissement, les faibles performances energetiques et le faible revenu des locataires dans le cas des logements sociaux. Les gestionnaires de ces bâtiments souffrent d’un manque de donnees concernant le patrimoine, ce qui peut entrainer des decisions inefficaces.La these presente d’abord les defis de la gestion technique de patrimoine, puis elle explique comment le BIM pourrait aider a relever ces defis en creant une plate-forme comprenant les informations sur le bâtiment et ses equipements ainsi que l'historique et la maintenance. Les avantages du modele BIM sont illustres a travers deux cas etudes : une residence de logement social comprenant 50 appartements et un bâtiment de recherche sur le campus scientifique de l'Universite de Lille.Le rapport de these est organise en quatre parties.La premiere partie comprend l’etat de l’art concernant les methodes actuelles de gestion technique de patrimoine et l’apport du BIM a cette gestion.La deuxieme partie decrit les etapes realisees pour construire le modele BIM d’une residence de logement social. La troisieme partie decrit l'implementation du BIM pour optimiser la gestion des installations et la maintenance des bâtiments. La derniere partie decrit le developpement d'un modele BIM dynamique par la combinaison du model BIM et les donnees de confort et de consommations collectees avec des capteurs. Ce modele sert a informer en temps reel les usagers et les gestionnaires.
Physical and Numerical Simulation of Contact Mechanics of Spark-eroded Tool Steel with Controlled Roughness

: Spark erosion is a convenient process to produce dies with complex shapes from hard tool materials used under severe contact conditions. A controlled surface roughness can be produced by systematic variation of the milling parameters. This is used in the present work to prepare surfaces for contact mechanics testing and simulation, as will be shown by a newly developed method which performs between contact measurements and finite element simulations of experimentally characterised rough surfaces. In the experiment, the surface roughness of the tool steel is measured by means of optical profilometry. Using an instrumented indentation stage, contact is made with a spherical surface and the force-displacement curve measured. The surface geometry is measured again to detect the effect of plastic deformation. To execute the numerical simulation, the measured surface topography is transferred, one on one, to a finite element mesh with 237169 surface nodes. The method allows to perform precise simulation of the contact of real surfaces, instead of approximate or numerically simulated ones, limited only by the spatial resolution of the measurement.
Molecular ɡ-values, Magnetic Susceptibility Anisotropics, Molecular Electric Quadrupole Moments, improved Molecular Electric Dipole Moments and 14N-Quadrupole Coupling Constants of Acrylonitrile, H2C = CH—CN, and the Magnetic Susceptibility Tensor of the Nitrile Group

The highfield, linear and quadratic Zeeman effect has been observed in Acrylonitrile (Vinyl Cyanide). The Zeeman multiplets are complicated by the presence of the 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling, however the 14N nuclear Zeeman effect effectively uncouples 14N spin from the rotational angular momentum. This uncoupling was used to derive improved molecular electric dipole moments from the Stark-shifts in the 211 ← 202 and 312 ← 303 rotational transitions observed under ΔMj=0 selection rule in the presence of a high magnetic field. They are |μa| = 3.815(12)D and |μb| = 0.894(68)D, respectively. From the zero field hfs multiplets, observed under high resolution conditions, improved 14N quadrupole coupling constants were obtained: χaaN = - 3.7800(21) MHZ, χbbN - χccN = - 0.4200(89) MHz. They are discussed with reference to the structure of the Nitrile group. From the Zeeman splittings of the 101 ← 000, 110 ← 101, 211 ← 202 and 312 ← 303 rotational transitions observed under ΔMj = 0 and ΔMj = ± 1 selection rule, the diagonal elements of the molecular g-tensor and the anisotropics in the diagonal elements of the molecular magnetic susceptibility tensor were obtained as gaa = -0.17901(33), gbb, = - 0.04585(17), gcc = -0.01820(16) and 2 χaa - χbb - χcc = - 7.22(25) 10-6 erg G-2 mole-1 and 2χbb - χcc - χaa = + 15.90(31) 10-6 erg G-2 mole-1. They are discussed with reference to the molecular electric quadrupole moment, the paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions to the molecular susceptibilities, and the second moments of the electronic charge distribution. The susceptibility data are also used to derive the magnetic susceptibility tensor contribution of the Nitrile group.