Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stereotactic Radiotherapy in the Management of Epilepsy

Although the main stay of epileptic therapy is pharmacological certain forms of epilepsy such as temporal lobe epilepsy and epilepsy associated with benign diseases of the brain can also be successfully managed surgically. A neurosurgical procedure has the advantage of an immediate therapeutic result. When surgery is not possible, therapeutic irradiation is an option, but there is always a latent time between the radiation and the improvement in the epilepsy. This radiation is under the form of photon radiation produced by Cobalt sources in a Gamma knife® or by Linear accelerators. Special beam collimation techniques produce a sharp beam allowing for a high dose to be delivered to the target without side effects on the normal surrounding brain. The desired therapeutic effect comes from the late radiation effects, and hence is not immediate. The absorption in tissue of photon radiation is such that there is always an exit dose, and this contributes to radiation side effects on normal tissue. Particle radiation beams such as a proton beam have a dose absorption advantage over photons because there is a lower entry dose and no exit dose. This has the potential to treat the brain with a lower risk of side effects, and a lower integral dose. Presently radiation dose selection is aimed at causing tissue destruction in the target volume. Dose schedules that do not cause tissue necrosis but have a neurophysiologic therapeutic effect are presently under investigation. New irradiation technologies such as micro photon beams using synchrotron radiation and mini proton beams are been studied especially for their potential in epilepsy therapy. These technologies could greatly improve the therapeutic ratio as they cause no damage to brain tissue. If proven to have a therapeutic effect these new developments would expand the role of radiation in managing epilepsy.
A comparative study of multiobjective computational intelligence algorithms to find the solution to the RWA problem in WDM networks

th , 2015. Received in revised form: May 27 th , 2015. Accepted: June 11 th , 2015. Abstract This paper presents a comparative study of multiobjective algorithms to solve the routing and wavelength assignment problem in optical networks. The study evaluates five computational intelligence algorithms, namely: the Firefly Algorithm, the Differential Evolutionary Algorithm, the Simulated Annealing Algorithm and two versions of the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. Each algorithm is assessed based on the performance provided by two different network topologies under different data traffic loads and with a different number of wavelengths available in the network. The impact of implementing wavelength conversion processes is also taken into account in this study. Simulated results show that, in general, the evaluated algorithms appropriately solve the problem in small-sized networks in which a similar performance was found. However, key differences were found when the size of the network is significant. This means that more suitable algorithms optimize the search space and the fall into local minimums is avoided.
VIBRATION STUDY OF MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL FLUID FILLED SANDWICH BEAMS

The concept of vibration mitigation in flexible structures using smart fluids has attracted researcher's interest in the last few years. Significant research work has been done on the structures with electrorheological fluids, but there has been a little work with the magnetorheological fluids. This study investigates the vibration controllability of MR fluid filled cantilever beams under externally applied magnetic fields. The adaptive structures were fabricated by adding a MR fluid layer between the adjacent elastic layers and the properties of two different types of sandwich beams were studied. In the first type, free and forced vibration responses of aluminium beam with partial treatment were evaluated and compared with fully filled beam. The controllability of vibration response was observed in terms of variations in vibration amplitudes and shifts in magnitudes of the resonant natural frequency. In second type, a composite cylindrical sandwich cantilever beam with end plate was fabricated. It consisted of outer stainless steel hollow pipe with end mass, inner wooden rod and an embedded MR fluid. Inner rods with different diameters were used to vary the thickness of MR fluid layer. Forced vibration response of such beams exhibited increased damping under increased magnetic fields.
IMPACT OF THE PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ON THE DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY SELECTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Nowadays companies must look at developing new distribution strategies in order to achieve the required performances from their supply chain. In this quest, companies wonder about the consistency of their distribution strategy with the types of products they are selling. This paper deals with product segmentation and distribution strategy selection (cross-docking versus traditional warehousing). In the literature many factors have been described for product segmentation and supply chain selection. We classify these factors into four major groups (product, market, product/market, and supply/source factors). A literature review for each element of the groups and the supply chain orientation or distribution/inventory location strategy is carried out and summarized in a table. Finally we conclude by a discussion about the utility of this table and the opportunities to improve and extend the current research are indicated.
Non‐LTE line formation of Fe in late‐type stars – I. Standard stars with 1D and 〈3D〉 model atmospheres

We investigate departures from LTE in the line formation of Fe for a number of well-studied late-type stars in different evolutionary stages. A new model of Fe atom was constructed from the most up-to-date theoretical and experimental atomic data available so far. Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) line formation calculations for Fe were performed using 1D hydrostatic MARCS and MAFAGS-OS model atmospheres, as wellas the spatial and temporal average stratifications from full 3D hydrodynamical s imulations of stellar convection computed using the Stagger code. It is shown that the Fe I/Fe II ionization balance can be well established with the 1D and mean 3D models under NLTE including calibrated inelastic collisions with H I calculated from the Drawin’s (1969) form ulae. Strong low-excitation Fe I lines are very sensitive to the atmospheric structure; clas sical 1D models fail to provide consistent excitation balance, particularly so for cool metal-po or stars. A better agreement between Fe I lines spanning a range of excitation potentials is obtai ned with the mean 3D models. Mean NLTE metallicities determined for the standard stars using the 1D and mean 3D models are fully consistent. Also, the NLTE spectroscopic effective temperatures and gravities from ionization balance agree with that determined by other methods, e.g., infrared flux method and parallaxes, if one of the stellar parameters is constrai ned independently.
FOZO, HIMU, and the rest of the mantle zoo

The parameter μ describes the 238U/204Pb ratio of an Earth reservoir. Mantle domains labeled HIMU (high μ) originally defined reservoirs with highly radiogenic Pb isotope ratios observed in basalts from a select number of ocean islands, St. Helena in the Atlantic Ocean and the Cook‐Austral islands in the South Pacific Ocean. While some authors use the term HIMU in this original sense, others refer to HIMU as a widespread component in many mid‐ocean ridge and ocean island basalt (MORB and OIB) sources. Here we show that highly radiogenic Pb isotope signatures in MORB and OIB originate from two different sources. In addition to the classical HIMU component observed at St. Helena and the South Pacific (named HIMU in the following), we define a component with slightly less radiogenic Pb but significantly more radiogenic Sr isotope signatures. This component lies at the extension of the (Atlantic and Pacific) MORB array in a Sr‐Pb isotope ratio diagram and is argued to be a ubiquitous component in MORB and many OIB sources. The inferred role of this component in the mantle and its inferred genetic origin closely resemble those originally suggested for a mantle component termed FOZO by Hart and coworkers. By redefining the composition, the origin, and the role of FOZO in the mantle, we establish a simple conceptual framework that explains the isotopic variability in both MORB and OIB with the lowest number of components. OIB are grouped into HIMU‐type OIB and basalts from islands that diverge from the MORB‐FOZO array toward various isotopically “enriched” compositions (EM). The apparent ubiquity of FOZO in the mantle and the calculated isotopic evolution of compositionally diverse MORB suggest that normal mantle melting and continuous subduction and aging of that crust during recycling through the mantle are the dominant causes of the MORB‐FOZO array. In contrast to FOZO, HIMU‐type OIB are quite rare, and if an origin by recycling of oceanic crust is also postulated, the production of HIMU sources has to be a special and rare combination of age and composition of subduction‐modified recycled oceanic crust.
Environmental Big Push Basak BAYRAMOGLU

In this paper, we analyze whether the development of a growing economy could be impeded if a binding climate agreement were signed at the international level. Specifically, we study, in the case of a developing country, the initial momentum for development in the presence of binding emission standards. To this end, we enhance the Big Push static general equilibrium model, developed by Murphy, Shleifer, and Vishny (1989) by introducing both exogeneous emission standards and abatement investments with fixed costs. Our findings show that in the case of a developing country this model could lead to two equilibria: a “bad” equilibrium and a “good” equilibrium. The “bad” equilibrium is a situation in which the development is brought to a halt because of stringent emission standards. The “good” equilibrium, or what we call the “Environmental” Big Push, corresponds to a situation in which a INRA, UMR Economie Publique; AgroParisTech. Address: Avenue Lucien Brétignières, 78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. Tel: (0)1 30 81 45 35, E-mail: Basak.Bayramoglu@grignon.inra. fr. LEDa, Université Paris-Dauphine, Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 75016 Paris. Tel: (0)1 44 05 44 60, E-mail: jacques@dauphine.fr. We would like to thank Brian Copeland and Said Souam for their helpful comments and suggestions, and the participants of the PGPPE Workshop, Montpellier (June 2008), the CES seminar at University Paris 1, Paris (June 2008) and the GDRI DREEM Conference, Istanbul (May 2009) for comments. The authors are responsible for all the remaining errors.
Assortment as a Clustering Variable: An Application to the Distribution of Ceramics and Construction Materials in Spain

Classifying is essential for understanding the situation of the commercial distribution and analyzing its evolution. In the present paper we study the distribution of ceramics and building materials in Spain and we propose a classification based on a cluster analysis validated both internally and externally. As a result, we have obtained three clusters of distributors that present significant differences regarding their assortment, business areas, resources and results obtained.
RARE CASES OF MIXED LARYNGOCELE

The causes of laryngocele formation are still difficult to determine. The aim of the study was to present two cases of mixed laryngocele in patients hospitalized at the Department of Otolaryngology, Laryngological Oncology, Audiology and Phoniatrics, Medical University of Lodz. Laryngocele is a lesion that can coexist with other inflammatory and proliferative diseases, especially with malignant tumors, and therefore it often requires extended diagnostics in hospital setting.
Reaction of Oxidized CuZnSOD with Polyphenols

Several polyphenolic compounds, including twelve flavonols and a variety of lower molecular weight compounds were found to diminish the effects of CuZnSOD on NMR relaxation of fluoride ion in a pH and concentration dependent manner. While we originally thought the effect arose from binding of the compounds to the enzyme active site, several lines of evidence indicated that active polyphenols reduced the paramagnetic copper(II) form of the enzyme to the diamagnetic copper(I) form, thereby giving false positive indications of enzyme inhibition in the NMR assay. First, docking experiments failed to provide a satisfactory explanation of the SAR. Second, effects on the enzyme’s EPR spectrum indicated that catechols could bind the active site copper leading to enzyme reduction. Third, while these reactions did not proceed to completion in aerobic solution, they did so under inert atmosphere. Fourth, experiments employing superoxide producing compounds demonstrated that loss of NMR activity did not prevent the enzyme from redox cycling. Thus, while the polyphenols appeared to inhibit the enzyme in the NMR assay, the compounds did not inhibit the enzyme’s reactions with superoxide.
Genome size evolution and domestication in Gossypium

Genome size varies 64,000-fold across all eukaryotes, but the evolutionary forces that shape genome size are incompletely understood. Natural selection is likely acting on genome size, as inferred from correlations with various physiological and environmental factors. There is relatively little literature when it comes to studying the effects of artificial selection on genome sizes in domesticated crops. In this project, intraspecific variation was studied between wild and domesticated accessions in the genus Gossypium using flow cytometry. Whole genome resequencing data were also used to analyze repetitive elements for increased or decreased abundance. Flow cytometry results indicate that genome size between wild and domesticated accessions were significantly different in Gossypium hirsutum but not within G. barbadense or G. herbaceum. Additionally, repetitive content was differentially abundant in G. hirsutum, but also within G. herbaceum. Instances of intraspecific variation, as demonstrated here, provide insight into the evolutionary forces acting on genome size over short time scales.
Alternative to the topological interpretation of the transverse resistivity anomalies in 
SrRuO3

Here, the authors clarify the physical origin of anomalies in transverse resistivity often observed in exotic materials, such as SrRuO${}_{3}$, where the Berry curvature is manifested in transport properties. Their thorough magnetotransport investigations and model formulations reveal that the previously attributed mechanism for the anomalies -- the topological Hall effect -- is not the only interpretation. They show that inhomogeneous magnetoelectric properties in the oxide, namely the coexistence of anomalous Hall effects having different polarities, are responsible for the emergence of the transport anomalies.
Problem-solving ability of students with disciplinary literacy instruction

The literacy movement has not been widely applied to the learning. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of disciplinary literacy instruction to cognitive learning outcomes, especially in problem-solving abil-ity. The population of this study is all senior high school in Sleman, Indonesia and have implemented the literacy movement in habituation and develop-ment. Two classes in SMAN 2 Sleman becomes sample with experimental and comparative classes. Both classes performed daily tests on two consecu-tive materials to see the abilities in the two classes. The results were analyzed using SPSS program and showed normal and homogeneous results and sig-nificance values were above of 0.05 were 0.968 and 0.483 respectively. This indicates that there is no difference in the cognitive learning outcomes of the two classes. The research instruments consist of the syllabus, learning implementation plan, article, student worksheet, and questions. Validation used in the form of content validation to two experts and empirical validation to 150 students. The analytical technique used to analyze the influence of the application of disciplinary literacy instruction on problem-solving ability is ANOVA test at significance level 0.05. The results showed that both classes had normal and homogenous learning outcomes and significance value of 0.009, the value is below the level of significance 0.05. This number indicates that there is the influence of application of disciplinary literacy instruction on problem-solving ability in the electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions material.
THE ATHLETES’ BODY SHAPES THE ATHLETES’ MIND – NEW PERSPECTIVES ON MENTAL ROTATION PERFORMANCE IN ATHLETES

Mentally rotating the image of an object is one fundamental cognitive ability in humans. Recent theoretical developments and empirical evidences highlight the potential role of the sensory-motor system, when analysing and understanding mental rotation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of specific sensory-motor experience on mental rotation performance in gymnasts. N = 40 male gymnasts with either clockwise or anticlockwise rotation preference in a forward twisting layout salto performed a psychometric mental rotation test with either rotation-preference congruent or rotation-preference incongruent stimuli. Results revealed that choice reaction times differed clearly as a function of Angular Rotation between the stimuli figures. Gymnasts who preferred a clockwise rotation preference showed faster choice reaction times when the rotation direction of the reference figure was clockwise, and vice versa. The results clearly support the notion, that mental rotation performance varies as a function of sensory-motor system characteristics between different people. It is concluded, that sensory-motor experience in a particular sport may facilitate cognitive processing of experience-congruent stimuli. This may be advantageous for situations in which people are engaged in observing sport performance (i.e., judges, coaches). This conclusion could furthermore contribute to the training of athletes from sports such as sky-diving, scuba-diving, and climbing, where losses of spatial orientation can be life-threatening. Key words: functional equivalence hypothesis, gymnastics, rotation preference, sensory-motor experience.
Interactive comment on “ divand-1 . 0 : n-dimensional variational data analysis for oc an observations ” by A .

The reviewer provided critical remarks to the manuscript but they were constructive and helped us to improved the manuscript. We believe that the revised manuscript does a much better job in integrating our work with the data assimilation literature (see in particular our reply to questions 1 and 2). The reviewer also questions the robustness of the application in the results section. Based on the specific question below it seems that the reviewer assumes that the conjugate gradient algorithm (without preconditioning) was used to generate the results which is not the case as we explain our answer to question 5.
Planned growth as a determinant of the markup: the case of Slovenian manufacturing

The paper follows the idea of heterodox economists that a cost-plus price is above all a reproductive price and growth price. The authors apply a firm-level model of markup determination which, in line with theory and empirical evidence, contains proposed firm-specific determinants of the markup, including the firm’s planned growth. The positive firm-level relationship between growth and markup that is found in data for Slovenian manufacturing firms implies that retained profits gathered via the markup are an important source of growth financing and that the investment decisions of Slovenian manufacturing firms affect their pricing policy and decisions on the markup size as proposed by Post-Keynesian theory. The authors thus conclude that at least a partial trade-off between a firm’s growth and competitive outcome exists in Slovenian manufacturing.
The BaF2 Photon Spectrometer TAPS

The detector system TAPS ( Two/Three Arm Photon Spectrometer ) has been designed and installed to study high energy photons as well neutral mesons produced in relativistic heavy ion reactions. The spectrometer will consist of up to 384 individual BaFz-modules packed in arrays of 64 scintillators. Each spectrometer arm, which carries two detector blocks, can be moved around the target location independently. The design concept, tlie specifications of the individual scintillator and test results of sub-arrays performed with monochromatic photons and charged particles will be presented. First experiments at GANIL and SIS (GS1,Darmstadt) have been performed exploiting heavy ion beams up to a projectile energy of lGeV/u.
Interactive comment on “ Brief Communication : Statistical detection and modeling of the over-dispersion of winter storm occurrence ” by M .

In this note the Author suggests the use of a generalization of the Poisson distribution (GPD) introduced by Consul and Jain (1973) as an alternative to the standard Poisson and negative binomial. The main advantages of GPD are the capability of modeling all possible types of dispersion (under-, equi-, and over-dispersion) and a parameterization which allows for rescaling the model parameters in order to represent thinned mixed/compound Poisson processes. Even though the manuscript is a brief communiC386
Venturing Con fi guring a corporate venturing portfolio to create growth value : Within-portfolio diversity and strategic linkage

Article history: Received 20 June 2007 Received in revised form 14 October 2009 Accepted 14 October 2009 Available online 2 December 2009 This study attempted an empirical investigation of whether and how a corporate investor can enhance future growth opportunities through corporate venturing investments (CVIs). Different from previous studies, we assessed the firm-level performance impact of a CVI portfolio with a focus on two configuration features: within-portfolio diversity and strategic linkage. Based on a longitudinal dataset of CVIs made by Taiwanese technology-based companies, we found that increasing CVI portfolio diversity and maintaining strategic linkages, particularly vertical ones, between the portfolio companies and the investing firm's core business will add value to the investing firm's future growth. Implications for CVI strategy and opportunities for future research are also discussed. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Enhancing Target Speech Based on Nonlinear Soft Masking Using a Single Acoustic Vector Sensor

Enhancing speech captured by distant microphones is a challenging task. In this study, we investigate the multichannel signal properties of the single acoustic vector sensor (AVS) to obtain the inter-sensor data ratio (ISDR) model in the time-frequency (TF) domain. Then, the monotone functions describing the relationship between the ISDRs and the direction of arrival (DOA) of the target speaker are derived. For the target speech enhancement (SE) task, the DOA of the target speaker is given, and the ISDRs are calculated. Hence, the TF components dominated by the target speech are extracted with high probability using the established monotone functions, and then, a nonlinear soft mask of the target speech is generated. As a result, a masking-based speech enhancement method is developed, which is termed the AVS-SMASK method. Extensive experiments with simulated data and recorded data have been carried out to validate the effectiveness of our proposed AVS-SMASK method in terms of suppressing spatial speech interferences and reducing the adverse impact of the additive background noise while maintaining less speech distortion. Moreover, our AVS-SMASK method is computationally inexpensive, and the AVS is of a small physical size. These merits are favorable to many applications, such as robot auditory systems.