Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Improved GC-MS Method for Malondialdehyde (MDA) Detection: Avoiding the Effects of Nitrite in Foods

Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of the representative end products under lipid peroxidation, indicating the degree of lipid oxidation in foods. However, compounds in pickled products, especially the nitrite in salted lean pork can react with MDA under the acidic condition, leads to the loss of MDA and an underestimation on lipid oxidation through the conventional assay. In this study, the quantification for MDA in the sample containing sodium nitrite were found lacking accuracy by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay and chromatography assay based on alkaline hydrolysis as the reaction between them were difficult to be completely inhibited. Among other trials, the improvement GC-MS analysis utilizing deuterium substituted MDA (MDA-d2) as an internal standard and applying perfluorophenylhydrazine (PFPH) as a derivative reagent can reduce the deviations from the presence of nitrite in the salted lean pork meat and the recovery is between 93.9% and 98.4% and coefficient of variation for the intermediate precision is between 1.1 and 3.5% using the method. The advanced gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC-MS) assay also has a very low detection limit (0.25 ng/mL) with both hydrolysis types.
Sleep disorders and attention: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Background: Sleep is a special physiological state that occurs cyclically. The probable role of sleep in our organic functions remains to be explored to clarify the impact of sleep on brain functions. Sleep deprivation is known to affect all parts of the brain separately and independently, but further research is needed on the impact of sleep disorders on attention, particularly the specific types of attention that are most affected, and whether there is such a correlation. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the possible correlation between sleep disorders and attentional performance. Methods: A systematic review and search at PubMed, SciELO, and Cochrane scientific databases for articles published in the last 10 years was carried out using the following keywords: sleep, attention, and attentional performance. Inclusion criteria were the use of attention tests and sleep disorders. Of the 1398 articles found, 15 were selected and included in this review. Results: The number of publications evaluating sleep and sleep disorders has increased, but is still limited. Of all the functions normally assessed, patients with sleep disorders perform worse on attention tasks, especially with sustained attention. However, these data require further investigation due to the complexity and diversity of the disorders, the small sample size of the included studies, and the fact that few studies used standardized tests. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the correlation between sleep and attention is strong but limited. Few studies are devoted exclusively to the extent to which sleep disorders interferes with attention.
The Relationship Between Quality of Life and Coping Strategies in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic may have destructive effects on patients’ mental health and quality of life (QoL). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship between QoL and coping strategies in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: This cross sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed at Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz City for 2 months. Seventy hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were recruited by convenience sampling. The patients completed the adapted version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ). We indicated a critical value of 60 as the optimal cut-off point to assess perceived QoL. Also, low, moderate, and high coping strategies are dedicated to 0 - 66, 66 - 110, and > 110, respectively. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS version 21. Results: Seventy patients were enrolled, including 35 males and 35 females with a mean age of 39.69 ± 11.31 years. QoL’s social and physical dimensions had the highest and lowest mean scores (65.18 ± 18.99 and 41.40 ± 17.22, respectively). The results showed that 3 out of 5 dimensions had a mean score of < 60. Regarding CSQ, the mean scores of problem- and emotional-oriented coping strategies were 87.27 ± 15.45 and 85.05 ± 12.47, respectively. Most participants had moderate problem- and emotional-oriented coping strategies (85.5% and 92.8%, respectively). Conclusions: The current study showed that the QoL score was less than 60 in most of the QoL dimensions in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, most of the participants used coping strategies moderately. Therefore, it is recommended to perform further studies to compare the impact of coping strategies on QoL in patients and the control group.
Stereometric Parameters of Butterfly Wings

This paper analyses the data stereometric of three samples obtained using the atomic force microscope. The data concern the two butterfly species: Euploea mulciber (known as “Striped Blue Crow”) and Morpho didius (also named as “Giant Blue Morpho”). These species have a strong correlation color wings of the angle of incidence of light. This is structural coloration and it depends on the surface topography. Here we present a method for the topography evaluation. A script created in Matlab software version R2012 by MathWorks® was used for segmentation data stereometric and analysis of localized motifs occurring on the surface of the samples. An analysis of the data using stereometric software MountainsMap® Premium version 7.3. 7746 by Digital Surf was made to compare the results obtained using the script developed in Matlab, for identification of all sorts of motifs, such as peaks, pits, or irregular shapes in correlation with the surface statistical parameters. The analysis of motifs is essential when choosing the appropriate technique for imaging the 3-D (three-dimensional) microtextured features of butterfly wings surfaces. This stereometric analysis proves to be an effective method that can be successfully used for estimation of micro- and nano- topography by processing of AFM data
Impact of Dynamic Capabilities on Customer Satisfaction through Digital Transformation in the Automotive Sector

Technology has impacted businesses in different areas, and, consequently, many companies have found it necessary to make changes in their structures and business models to improve customer satisfaction. The objective was to quantify the effect of dynamic capabilities on customer satisfaction, through digital transformation within the automotive sector. A random sample of 42 questionnaires on 127 surveyed industries was collected during the period 2019–2020 in a pre-COVID-19 context. A structural equation model (SEM) in two stages was applied. In the first stage, two reflective models were built. In a second stage, a structural equation model was evaluated. The results obtained in this study showed that the capabilities of sensing, seizing and innovation were suitably grouped in a construct called “Dynamic Capabilities”. A positive influence of Dynamic Capabilities on customer satisfaction was found. Therefore, the companies in this industry should focus on developing dynamic capabilities to improve customer satisfaction. Once the opportunities have been identified, managers take advantage of their potential (seizing) to transform and exploit knowledge in the creation, innovation, process improvement, and definition of strategies to combine new knowledge with that already existing. The digital transformation has contributed to identify the real needs for customers, to contact them and solve their problems, as well as offering products and services by anticipating their needs.
A Bayesian multi‐region radial composite reservoir model for deconvolution in well test analysis

In petroleum well test analysis, deconvolution is used to obtain information about reservoir systems, for example the presence of heterogeneities and boundaries. This information is contained in the response function, which can be estimated by solving an inverse problem in the pressure and flow rate measurements. Our Bayesian approach to this problem is based upon a parametric physical model of reservoir behaviour, derived from the solution for fluid flow in a general class of reservoirs. This permits joint parametric Bayesian inference for both the reservoir parameters and the true pressure and rate values, which is essential due to the typical observational error levels. Using sets of flexible priors for the reservoir parameters to restrict the solution space to physical behaviours, samples from the posterior are generated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Summaries and visualisations of the posterior, response, and true pressure and rate values can be produced, interpreted, and model selection can be performed. The method is validated through a synthetic application, and applied to a field data set. The results are comparable to the state of the art solution, but through our method we gain access to system parameters, we can incorporate prior knowledge, and we can quantify parameter uncertainty.
Upshot of supply chain assimilation and competitive advantage on organizational performance in Ethiopia, Hawassa Industrial Park

Abstract Purpose: The aim of the investigation remained to observe the upshot of supply chain assimilation (SCA) and competitive advantage towards organizational recital in Ethiopian industrial Park corporation special reference of Hawassa Industry Park. Research methodology: To that end, the study adopted an explanatory research design with a mixed approach; and it utilizes a stratified sampling technique to select the relevant firms. In cooperation, first-hand and second-hand sources of data were accessed. Results: SCA has a considerable effect on both competitive advantage and Business recital and SCA has an indirect considerable upshot on Business recital over and done with a competitive advantage in the case firms’. Limitations: The study has been unable to see the upstream side of the firms from the perspective of their supplier since they are located abroad but from the firms’ perspective. Contribution: This study has a significant contribution to firms that are engaged in manufacturing, ministers of trade and investment, and future researchers.
A Spectroscopic Technique to Simultaneously Characterize Fatty Acid Uptake, Mitochondrial Activity, Vascularity, and Oxygen Saturation for Longitudinal Studies In Vivo

Aggressive breast cancer has been shown to shift its metabolism towards increased lipid catabolism as the primary carbon source for oxidative phosphorylation. In this study, we present a technique to longitudinally monitor lipid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation in pre-clinical tumor models to investigate the metabolic changes with mammary tissue development and characterize metabolic differences between primary murine breast cancer and normal mammary tissue. We used optical spectroscopy to measure the signal of two simultaneously injected exogenous fluorescent metabolic reporters: TMRE (oxidative phosphorylation surrogate) and Bodipy FL C16 (lipid catabolism surrogate). We leverage an inverse Monte Carlo algorithm to correct for aberrations resulting from tissue optical properties and to extract vascular endpoints relevant to oxidative metabolism, specifically oxygen saturation (SO2) and hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]). We extensively validated our optical method to demonstrate that our two fluorescent metabolic endpoints can be measured without chemical or optical crosstalk and that dual measurements of both fluorophores in vivo faithfully recapitulate the measurements of each fluorophore independently. We then applied our method to track the metabolism of growing 4T1 and 67NR breast tumors and aging mammary tissue, all highly metabolic tissue types. Our results show the changes in metabolism as a function of mammary age and tumor growth, and these changes can be best distinguished through the combination of endpoints measured with our system. Clustering analysis incorporating both Bodipy FL C16 and TMRE endpoints combined with either SO2 or [Hb] proved to be the most effective in minimizing intra-group variance and maximizing inter-group differences. Our platform can be extended to applications in which long-term metabolic flexibility is important to study, for example in tumor regression, recurrence following dormancy, and responses to cancer treatment.
Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Physical Exercise on Decrease Blood Sugar Levels in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a major health problem worldwide, the number of sufferers is expected to increase rapidly every year. Handling to achieve controlled sugar levels requires the integration of drugs, diet and physical exercise. This study aimed to analyze the effect of physical exercise on reducing blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: This study uses the PRISMA flowchart to perform the meta-analysis. The article review process took place between 2017 and 2022 with PICO as follows, Population: type-2 diabetes mellitus sufferers. Intervention: physical exercise. Comparison: not doing physical exercise. Outcome: decrease in blood sugar levels, articles collected using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The articles obtained will be filtered using the stages according to the PRISMA flow diagram. The analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3. Results: A total of 9 articles reviewed in the meta-analysis showed that physical exercise reduced blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with statistical significance (SMD= -0.44; 95% CI= -0.84 to -0.05; p= 0.030). Conclusion: Physical exercise lowers blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Starch Nanocomposite Films: Migration Studies of Nanoparticles to Food Simulants and Bio-Disintegration in Soil

In this work, films containing AgNPs were obtained by different green synthesis techniques (AgNP in situ and AgNP L). The inclusion of nanoparticles in the starch matrix improved both mechanical and barrier properties. The migration of AgNPs from the nanocomposite material to three food simulants (water, 3% v/v acetic acid and 15% v/v ethanol) was studied. The experimental data were fitted by using different widely accepted mathematical models (Fickian, Ritger and Peppas, and Weibull), indicating that the AgNP migration followed a complex mechanism. The silver concentration (mg Ag per kg of simulant) that was released from the nanocomposite films was higher for the samples with AgNPs in situ than for those containing AgNP L. Likewise, the maximum release value (0.141 mg/dm2 for AgNPs in situ in acetic acid simulant) was lower than the limits proposed by the legislation (European Commission and MERCOSUR; 10 and 8 mg/dm2, respectively). The replacement of conventional plastic materials by biodegradable ones requires the evaluation of bio-disintegration tests in soil. In this sense, a period of 90 days was necessary to obtain ≥50% weight loss in both nanocomposite films. Additionally, the bio-disintegration of the samples did not contribute with phytotoxic compounds to the soil, allowing the germination of fast-growing seeds.
Design of a Low Cost Remotly Operated Vehicle with 3 Dof Navigation

One type of underwater robot is the ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) whose movements are controlled directly by humans from the water surface. In this paper, ROV prototype has been designed and tested with three DoF (Degrees of Freedom) and controlled by a joystick which is connected with UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cables as data transmission between joystick with a microcontroller embedded in the robot. This prototype has 3 thrusters with 3 degrees of freedom, 1 rotational motion (heave) and 2 translational motion (yaw and surge), with direction of movement up, down, forward, backward, turn right, and turn left. Speed mode setting when forward movement on PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) 75% = 0,037 m/s, 90% = 0.053 m/s and 100% = 0,071 m/s, while the reverse speed by 75% = 0,034 m/s, 90% = 0.045 m/s and 100% = 0.059 m/s, when the ROV moves up is 0,042 m/s, down 0.032 m/s, turn right 9 o/s and turn left 15 o/s set with fixed PWM value, is 100%.
Pulsed Electromagnet Applied in Electromagnetic Ultrasonic Detection for Aluminium Plate

Electromagnetic acoustic transducer(EMAT) was a new ultrasonic transmitting and receiving de-vice.A pulsed electromagnet with simple structure which could be applied in electromagnetic ultrasonic aluminum plate detection was designed.Many methods had been used in this design,such as finite element analysis,model-ing,circuit simulation and so on.Pulsed electromagnet excited by pulsed current could create large magnetic flux density when EMAT worked and switched off when the detection was over,thus the problems above were solved.Finally,through an electromagnetic ultrasonic aluminum thickness gauge experiment,the validity of this pulsed e-lectromagnet was verified.
Biomimetics and its tools

Biomimetics, as the transfer of strategies from biology to technology, is an emerging research area and has led to significant concepts over the past decades. The development of such concepts is described by the process of biomimetics, encompassing several steps. In Practice, beneficiaries of the process face challenges. Therefore, to overcome challenges and to facilitate the steps, tools have been developed in various areas, such as engineering, computing and design. However, these tools are not widely used yet. This paper presents an overview and a classification study of more than 40 tools with qualitative criteria. The criteria included, for example, the year of development, the accessibility of tools, the facilitated steps of the process or their contribution to sustainability. The classification shows that certain steps of the process and their challenges are well addressed by the tools, while other steps are not. The presented results contribute to the proposal of an improvement of the state of the.
A new conceptualization of investor sophistication and its impact on herding and overconfidence bias

Despite the success of behavioral finance, the question of whether behavioral biases persist in the face of expertise is an oft-expressed concern. It becomes pertinent to explore if investor sophistication is associated with behavioral biases, as traders gain sophistication with experience and knowledge. The current study explores this relationship by proposing a new conceptualization of investors’ sophistication via the processes of learning and competition. The study empirically explores if herding and overconfidence biases are related to learning and competition, and thus, with investors’ sophistication via these aspects. Using data from equity investors from India (n = 257), the study employs ANOVA and multiple regression analysis through indicator function to form dummy variables for different categories. The results of the study conclude that diversification is significantly related to both the biases using ANOVA (F(3,253) = 3.081; p &lt; 0.05) as well as multiple regression (p &lt; 0.05). The other variables considered are found to be non-significant (p &gt; 0.05) for both the biases. The study controls for all the other observed variables of the conceptual model to find out the effect of the change in the observed variables on the level of investor sophistication, making this study a novel and a distinct attempt.
Design, construction and simulation of a shape memory alloy based morphing airfoil demonstrator based on the agonist-antagonist principle

To reduce installation space as well as weight, the use of shape memory alloys (SMA) is advantageous in the field of actuator technology. A big challenge using SMAs in for actuation is their high energy consumption due to Joule heating. To overcome this, an actuator system based on the agonist-antagonist principle, using SMA wire actuators was developed. Main advantage is the possibility of an energy-free holding of the position without the use of special locking components. A prototype made of CFRP and SMA wires was developed and built. The structure consists of a CFRP laminate on which SMA wires are anchored on the upper and lower side. This work also contents a simulation approach of the actuating structure in ABAQUS® using a simplified phenomenological model.
Insects on individual plants : plant quality, plant diversity and aboveground-belowground effects

Planten en insecten vormen de basis van veel ecosystemen en ze zijn verantwoordelijk voor belangrijke ecologische functies. Gedurende de laatste drie decennia zijn ecologen en entomologen zich er steeds meer bewust van geworden dat het aantal insecten en de soortsamenstelling van die insecten op een plantensoort sterk kan varieren tussen individuen van die plantensoort. Het is echter nog steeds niet duidelijk welke factoren verantwoordelijk zijn voor deze variatie en op welke manier die variatie tot stand komt. Met meer kennis hierover kunnen we beter voorspellen hoe insectengemeenschappen er op een bepaalde plant uitzien en hoe ze zullen reageren op veranderingen in het milieu. Eerder onderzoek heeft aangetoond dat zowel de kwaliteit van de waardplant (zoals de hoeveelheid voedingsstoffen en plantverdedigingsstoffen) als haar omgeving insecten kunnen beinvloeden. In dit promotieonderzoek heb ik met een combinatie van kas- en veldexperimenten onderzocht hoe intraspecifieke variatie in de waardplantkwaliteit en de omringende planten de insectengemeenschap op een individuele plant bepalen. Ik heb dit onderzoek gedaan met Jakobskruiskruid (Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertner ssp. vulgaris) en de bovengrondse en ondergrondse multitrofe gemeenschap waar deze plant mee geaffilieerd is.
An Obstacle Detection Algorithm Suitable for Complex Traffic Environment

For the task of obstacle detection in a complex traffic environment, this paper proposes a road-free space extraction and obstacle detection method based on stereo vision. The proposed method combines the advantages of the V-disparity image and the Stixel method. Firstly, the depth information and the V-disparity image are calculated according to the disparity image. Then, the free space on the road surface is calculated through the RANSAC algorithm and dynamic programming (DP) algorithm. Furthermore, a new V-disparity image and a new U-disparity image are calculated by the disparity image after removing the road surface information. Finally, the height and width of the obstacles on the road are extracted from the new V-disparity image and U-disparity image, respectively. The detection of obstacles is realized by the height and width information of obstacles. In order to verify the method, we adopted the object detection benchmarks and road detection benchmarks of the KITTI dataset for verification. In terms of the accuracy performance indicators quality, detection rate, detection accuracy, and effectiveness, the method in this paper reaches 0.820, 0.863, 0.941, and 0.900, respectively, and the time consumption is only 5.145 milliseconds. Compared with other obstacle detection methods, the detection accuracy and real-time performance in this paper are better. The experimental results show that the method has good robustness and real-time performance for obstacle detection in a complex traffic environment.