Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Memory as a Constructive Process: The Parallel Distributed Processing Approach

James L. McClelland In Harold Pinter’s play Old Times, a husband and wife of many years reminisce about the early days of their relationship, while awaiting a visit from the wife’s best friend from that era. In these reminiscences, we learn just how differently two people can remember what were ostensibly the same events, and ostensibly the same people – most notably, themselves and the wife’s best friend. For each, these reminiscences have become embedded in a complex, not fully consistent, and self-serving personal history that does not survive well when juxtaposed against the reminiscences of the other. In an interview at the time of the opening of Old Times, Pinter was asked to comment on his thoughts while writing his play. He said “what fascinates me is the mistiness of memory”(1). Cloud-like, forever changing, memories are clearly not like frozen snapshots taken on a day long ago, pulled out from the back of a drawer for reinspection. Indeed, since the work of Frederick Bartlett in 1932, memory researchers have been keenly aware of the constructive nature of memory (2). Bartlett asked educated people at Cambridge to read, and then later to recall, a story from a native North American culture. Though written in English, the story had an unfamiliar structure and content. The recollections of the participants retained elements from the original story but many details were omitted or transformed in ways that seemed to Bartlett to fit better with the cultural context of the individuals who were recalling them. Repeated attempts at recall by the same individual resulted in gradual fixing of the elements, but into a story sometimes quite different from the original. Such findings led Bartlett and others to view recollection as a process not unlike the activities of an archaeologist faced with the task
Influence of gamma irradiation on volatile flavour profiles and physicochemical attributes of navel oranges (Citrus sinensis L.) under post-irradiation storage

The effects of irradiation at 0.5 – 2.0 kGy on physicochemical and volatile characteristics of navel oranges stored at 4°C were investigated. Fruit firmness was maintained when oranges were irradiated at 0.5 kGy, whereas samples irradiated at higher intensities exhibited lower firmness. The total soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C content, total phenolic content and radical-scavenging activity were influenced by irradiation. However, at 0.5 and 1.0 kGy, these parameters were similar to those in non-irradiated control samples. These quality properties showed a significant decrease throughout the storage period. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the volatile pattern data obtained using electronic nose distinguished irradiated oranges from control fruits even after prolonged storage. The main volatile compounds, as determined using Kovats retention indices, were aldehydes and acetic esters at varying concentrations. Overall, irradiation doses of < 1.0 kGy had negligible effects on the quality properties of imported oranges. Appropriate dose range of gamma irradiation (0.5 – 1.0 kGy) proved very efficient, and the sensorial and nutritional qualities of navel oranges were maintained during extended storage of oranges at 4°C. These findings may be helpful in meeting guidelines of exporting irradiated foodstuffs especially navel oranges to facilitate international trade.
Technical Note: Colorimetric Protein Assays

Introduction . 1 Assay Choice . 1 Buffer Composition . 1 Sample Composition . 2 Standard Selection . 2 Assays . 2 Biuret, BCA, and Lowry Assays . 3 Bradford Assay. 3 Troubleshooting . 4 FAQ’s . 5 Bibliography . 5 Contact Us . 6
Adaptive intelligent traffic control systems for congestion management

The aim of this paper was to undertake a brief, exploratory, qualitative review of current research trends on adaptive intelligent traffic control systems for congestion management. Selective search of the internet yielded 25 usable papers which were reviewed under different sections. The results of this review are summarised here. The seriousness of traffic congestion even in the case of a developing country, is evident. The methods of measuring traffic congestion is a less researched area. One of the method to reduce congestion from economic point of view involves any of the different methods of pricing. But this has low acceptability among users. The methods currently available, researched and used ones can be broadly categorised into control from the vehicle using VANET etc. and control from the road using sensors etc. The former seems to be better and easier to manage with real time data. Replacement of control from the road with control from the vehicle has produced better results in some occasions. In future, there should be more research on methods of congestion measurement and the possibility of some hybrid technique using both vehicle and road controls.
Towards a Structured Specification of Coding Conventions

Coding conventions are a means to improve the reliability of software systems. They can be established for many reasons, ranging from improving the readability of code to avoiding the introduction of security flaws. However, coding conventions often come in the form of textual documents in natural language, which makes them hard to manage and to enforce. Following model-driven engineering principles, in this paper we propose an approach and language for specifying coding conventions using structured models. We ran a feasibility study, in which we applied our language for specifying 215 coding rules from two popular rulesets. The obtained results are promising and suggest that the proposed approach is feasible. However, they also highlight that many challenges still need to be overcome. We conclude with an overview on the ongoing work for generating automated checkers from such models, and we discuss directions for an objective evaluation of the methodology.
Low Coverage Whole Genome Sequencing Yields the Complete Mitogenome of Hypselodoris bullocki and Hypselodoris apolegma (Mollusca: Chromodorididae)

ABSTRACT Lin, G. ; Xiang, P.; Audira, G. , and Hsiao, C. , 2019. Low coverage whole genome sequencing yields the complete mitogenome of Hypselodoris bullocki and Hypselodoris apolegma (Mollusca: Chromodorididae). In: Hoang, A.T. and Aqeel Ashraf, M. (eds.), Research, Monitoring, and Engineering of Coastal, Port, and Marine Systems. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 97, pp. 23–28. In this study, the complete mitogenome sequence of two sea slugs, Hypselodoris bullock and Hypselodoris apolegma (Mollusca: Chromodorididae), has been decoded for the first time by low coverage whole genome sequencing method. The assembled mitogenome, consisting of 14,666 and 14,749 bp, respectively, and has unique 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs and 2 ribosomal RNAs genes for both species. In Hypselodoris apolegma, one intron sized in 3664 bp is inserted into ND5 gene. The gene order of the mitogenome of Hypselodoris species is almost the same to the other nudibranch mitogenomes, while the position of tRNA-Ser and ND4 gene moved to between tRNA-Cys and tRNA-Gln. In addition, we found the nucleotide diversity is about four times higher in Hypselodoris when Chromodoris species are compared. The complete mitogenome of Hypselodoris bullock and Hypselodoris apolegma provides essential and important DNA molecular data for phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis for Chromodorididae.
A rare presentation of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia in young adult

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a common cause of sudden cardiac death in young adults. It is a disease that has a wide spectrum of presentation. Early identification of the disorder is of paramount importance considering the fatal complications. Here, with this case, a rare sporadic presentation of ARVD, we try to discuss the various presentations, methods of diagnosis and options for treatment for this frequently masquerading and occasionally fatal disorder of cardiac myocytes.
Viability and Contractility of Rat Brain Pericytes in Conditions That Mimic Stroke; an in vitro Study

Reopening of the cerebral artery after occlusion often results in “no-reflow” that has been attributed to the death and contraction (rigor mortis) of pericytes. Since this hypothesis still needs to be confirmed, we explored the effects of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) on viability and cell death of primary rat pericytes, in the presence or absence of neurovascular unit-derived cytokines. Two morphodynamic parameters, single cell membrane mobility (SCMM) and fractal dimension (Df), were used to analyze the cell contractions and membrane complexity before and after OGD. We found a marginal reduction in cell viability after 2–6 h OGD; 24 h OGD caused a large reduction in viability and a large increase in the number of apoptotic and dead cells. Application of erythropoietin (EPO), or a combination of EPO and endothelial growth factor (VEGFA1−165) during OGD significantly reduced cell viability; application of Angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) during OGD caused a marginal, insignificant increase in cell viability. Simultaneous application of EPO, VEGFA1−165, and Ang1 significantly increased cell viability during 24 h OGD. Twenty minutes and one hour OGD both significantly reduced SCMM compared to pre-OGD values, while no significant difference was seen in SCMM before and after 3 h OGD. There was a significant decrease in membrane complexity (Df) at 20 min during the OGD that disappeared thereafter. In conclusion, OGD transiently affected cell mobility and shape, which was followed by apoptosis in cultured pericytes. Ang1 may have a potentiality for preventing from the OGD-induced apoptosis. Further studies could clarify the relationship between cell contraction and apoptosis during OGD.
Common and different lipidomes for lung cancer and tuberculosis: A comparative lipidomics analysis

Background: Of several lung disorders, the important diseases that are considered important burdens worldwide in the present day include lung cancer and tuberculosis. Sometimes, the diagnosis of the two mentioned lung problems is difficult. To make a differential diagnosis between negative and positive lungs for either lung cancer or tuberculosis is a critical point for further proper management. In the present day, the advanced novel biomedical technology allows the practitioner to assess the imprints of the pathological lungs. Methods: Lipidomics is a new biocochemioinformatics technique that can be useful lipidome imprint identification of medical disorders. Here, the authors perform a comparative lipidomcis analysis for lung cancer and tuberculosis. Results: There are 11 specific lipidomes for lung cancer, and there are 10 specific lipidomes for tuberculosis. There is only one overlapping lipidome, phosphatidylglycerol (PG) (34:1). Conclusion: According to the present analysis, the PG (34:1) is the specific lipidome that can help differentiate between lung cancer and tuberculosis.
Edge federation simulator for data stream analytics

The technological revolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming our society by registering and analyzing users and infrastructures' behavior in order to develop new services for improving life quality and resource management. IoT-based applications demand a vast amount of both localized and location-based information services. For these scenarios, current cloud-based services appear to be inefficient in terms of latency, throughput and power consumption. Edge computing proposes new infrastructures for effective real-time decision making. These facilities should be able to process a vast amount of data from multiple geographically distributed sources. To that end, new urban edge data centers are to be deployed, bringing computing resources closer to data sources while reducing both core network congestion and overall energy demand. This paper presents an Edge Federation simulator for data stream analytics in a 5G scenario that provides the necessary resource management for efficient service-oriented computing.
Potent Antitumor Activity of Liposomal Irinotecan in an Organoid- and CRISPR-Cas9-Based Murine Model of Gallbladder Cancer

Gallbladder cancer is associated with a dismal prognosis, and accurate in vivo models will be elemental to improve our understanding of this deadly disease and develop better treatment options. We have generated a transplantation-based murine model for gallbladder cancer that histologically mimics the human disease, including the development of distant metastasis. Murine gallbladder–derived organoids are genetically modified by either retroviral transduction or transfection with CRISPR/Cas9 encoding plasmids, thereby allowing the rapid generation of complex cancer genotypes. We characterize the model in the presence of two of the most frequent oncogenic drivers—Kras and ERBB2—and provide evidence that the tumor histology is highly dependent on the driver oncogene. Further, we demonstrate the utility of the model for the preclinical assessment of novel therapeutic approaches by showing that liposomal Irinotecan (Nal-IRI) is retained in tumor cells and significantly prolongs the survival of gallbladder cancer–bearing mice compared to conventional irinotecan.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic insights from microfluidic intestine-on-a-chip models

ABSTRACT Introduction: After administration, a drug undergoes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) before exerting its effect on the body. The combination of these process yields the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of a drug. Although accurate prediction of PK and PD profiles is essential for drug development, conventional in vitro models are limited by their lack of physiological relevance. Recently, microtechnology-based in vitro model systems, termed ‘organ-on-a-chip,’ have emerged as a potential solution. Areas covered: Orally administered drugs are absorbed through the intestinal wall and transported to the liver before entering systemic circulation, which plays an important role in the PK and PD profiles. Recently developed, chip-based in vitro models can be useful models for simulating such processes and will be covered in this paper. Expert opinion: The potential of intestine-on-a-chip models combined with conventional PK-PD modeling has been demonstrated with promising preliminary results. However, there are several challenges to overcome. Development of the intestinal wall, integration of the gut microbiome, and the provision of an intestine-specific environment must be achieved to realize in vivo-like intestinal model and enhance the efficiency of drug development.
Structural and Electronic Rearrangements in Fe2S2, Fe3S4 and Fe4S4 Atomic Clusters Under the Attack of NO, CO and O2.

We report results, based on DFT-GGA calculations, that shed light on how NO, CO and O2 interact with Fe2S2, Fe3S4 and Fe4S4 clusters, and how they modify their structural and elec- tronic properties. The interest in these small iron sulfide clusters comes from the fact that they are at the protein cores and that elucidating fundamental aspects of their interaction with those light molecules which are known to modify their functionality, may help in understanding complex behaviors in biological systems. CO and NO are found to bind molecularly, leading to moderate relaxations in the clusters, but nevertheless to changes in the spin-polarized elec- tronic structure and related properties. In contrast, dissociative chemisorption of O2 results much more stable than molecular adsorption, giving rise to significant structural distortions, particularly in Fe4S4 that splits into two Fe2S2 subclusters. As a consequence, oxygen tends to strongly reduce the spin polarization in Fe, and to weaken the Fe-Fe interaction inducing antiparallel couplings that, in the case of Fe4S4 , clearly arise from indirect Fe-Fe exchange coupling mediated by O. The three molecules (particularly CO), enhance the stability of the iron-sulfur clusters. This increase is noticeably more pronounced for Fe2 S2 than for the other iron-sulfur clusters of different composition, a result that correlates with the fact that in recent experiments of CO reaction with FemSm (m=1-4), the Fe2S2CO product results as a prominent one.
Less invasive ventricular reconstruction for ischaemic heart failure

Surgical ventricular reconstruction to remodel, reshape, and reduce ventricular volume is an effective therapy in selected patients with chronic heart failure (HF) of ischaemic aetiology. The BioVentrix Revivent TC System offers efficacy comparable to conventional surgical ventricular reconstruction and is less invasive utilizing micro‐anchor pairs to exclude scarred myocardium on the beating heart. Here, we present 12‐months follow‐up data of an international multicenter study.
Low 2018/19 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) among 15–64-year-olds in Europe: exploration by birth cohort

Introduction Influenza A(H3N2) clades 3C.2a and 3C.3a co-circulated in Europe in 2018/19. Immunological imprinting by first childhood influenza infection may induce future birth cohort differences in vaccine effectiveness (VE). Aim The I-MOVE multicentre primary care test-negative study assessed 2018/19 influenza A(H3N2) VE by age and genetic subgroups to explore VE by birth cohort. Methods We measured VE against influenza A(H3N2) and (sub)clades. We stratified VE by usual age groups (0–14, 15–64, ≥ 65-years). To assess the imprint-regulated effect of vaccine (I-REV) hypothesis, we further stratified the middle-aged group, notably including 32–54-year-olds (1964–86) sharing potential childhood imprinting to serine at haemagglutinin position 159. Results Influenza A(H3N2) VE among all ages was −1% (95% confidence interval (CI): −24 to 18) and 46% (95% CI: 8–68), −26% (95% CI: −66 to 4) and 20% (95% CI: −20 to 46) among 0–14, 15–64 and ≥ 65-year-olds, respectively. Among 15–64-year-olds, VE against clades 3C.2a1b and 3C.3a was 15% (95% CI: −34 to 50) and −74% (95% CI: −259 to 16), respectively. VE was −18% (95% CI: −140 to 41), −53% (95% CI: −131 to −2) and −12% (95% CI: −74 to 28) among 15–31-year-olds (1987–2003), 32–54-year-olds (1964–86) and 55–64-year-olds (1954–63), respectively. Discussion The lowest 2018/19 influenza A(H3N2) VE was against clade 3C.3a and among those born 1964–86, corresponding to the I-REV hypothesis. The low influenza A(H3N2) VE in 15–64-year-olds and the public health impact of the I-REV hypothesis warrant further study.
The individual rehabilitation project: a model to strengthen clinical rehabilitation in health systems worldwide.

s from July 8th-9th, 2019, the World health organization (Who) held its second Global rehabilitation 2030 Meeting. The meeting reaffirmed rehabilitation as one of the five health strategies in light of the Astana Declaration on primary healthcare 2018,1 following the declaration of alma-ata (now almaty) from 1978.2 Who’s second Global rehabilitation 2030 Meeting highlighted functioning as the third health indicator, complementing mortality and morbidity,3, 4 and reasserted the central role of functioning for rehabilitation.5-7 Key insights from the second Global rehabilitation 2030 Meeting included the need for suitable approaches to strengthening rehabilitation from both the public health and the clinical perspective. the need for strengthening rehabilitation as a public health strategy was made apparent with the data from the Global burden of disease project8 that underscored the large number of potential beneficiaries of rehabilitation across a wide range of health conditions and over the life course.9 To ensure that all potential beneficiaries of rehabilitation worldwide have access to high quality rehabilitation services under universal health coverage schemes, Who launched the Guide for action for policy and programming at the country level10 and embarked on the development of a research agenda for health policy and systems research in collaboration with Who’s alliance for health policy and systems research.11 to strengthen rehabilitation from the clinical perspective, Who will provide member states with a package of rehabilitation interventions in collaboration with cochrane rehabilitation.9, 12 long recognized as fundamental in rehabilitation, functioning is an underlying element that threads the development of the package of rehabilitation interventions.13-15 functioning, operationalized by the international Classification of Functioning, Disability and health (icf),16 plays a role in identifying the interventions to include in the package of rehabilitation interventions as well as intervention gaps, in reporting outcomes related to interventions, and in describing human and technical resources requirements in specific interventions.12 the second Global rehabilitation 2030 Meeting provided the platform for discussions on how to make best use of both the Guide for action and the package of rehabilitation interventions towards advancing the rehabilitation 2030 agenda. in light of these discussions we aim to highlight in this editorial the potential of the icf-based individual rehabilitation project developed in italy to serve as a model for strengthening clinical rehabilitation in countries worldwide.
Cognitive behavioural interventions, and function and pain outcomes among patients with chronic neck pain managed with the McKenzie approach.

OBJECTIVES Graded activity and graded exposure in vivo are recommended cognitive behavioural approaches to improve function and pain outcomes for patients receiving physiotherapy for chronic nonspecific neck pain. The McKenzie method is a common treatment approach for patients with neck pain. The study objectives were to examine associations between interventions with graded activity and/or graded exposure, as determined by the treating physiotherapist, and function and pain outcomes for patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain managed by clinicians with credentials in the McKenzie approach. METHOD A cohort study was carried out, in which subjects (n = 366) with chronic nonspecific neck pain completed intake surveys (i.e., the Neck Functional Status Computerized Adaptive Test and the Numeric Pain Rating Scale), and questions related to their demographic, lifestyle and health status. Treatment with graded activity/graded exposure during the episode of care was recorded. Function and pain measures were repeated at discharge. Multivariable models examining associations between patients receiving versus not receiving graded activity/graded exposure, and pain and function outcomes were constructed, controlling for potential confounding effects. RESULTS Despite statistical significance, there were no clinically relevant differences between treatment versus no treatment with graded activity/graded exposure, and function or pain outcomes. CONCLUSION There is insufficient evidence to suggest that patients being managed with McKenzie methods will attain clinically relevant improvements in function or pain outcomes when augmenting treatment with graded activity and/or graded exposure when the choice to intervene with these cognitive behavioural approaches is determined by the treating physiotherapist.