Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Treatment Involvement and Religious Coping among African American , Hispanic , andWhite Veterans of theWars of Iraq and Afghanistan

Although racial/ethnic differences have been found in the use of mental health services for depression in the general population, research among Veterans has produced mixed results. This study examined racial/ethnic differences in the use of mental health services among 148 Operation Enduring/Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) Veterans with high levels of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and evaluated whether religious coping affected service use. No differences between African American, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic white Veterans were found in use of secular mental health services or religious counseling. Women Veterans were more likely than men to seek secular treatment. After controlling for PTSD symptoms, depression symptom level was a significant predictor of psychotherapy attendance but not medication treatment. African American Veterans reported higher levels of religious coping than whites. Religious coping was associated with participation in religious counseling, but not secular mental health services.
Flying Controlled Trajectories using Linear Approximation Reinforcement Learning

The reinforcement learning literature focuses on building radically simple code controlling impressively complex systems. Throughout the semester, we have developed light weight systems in a pedagogical settings, but have not had the opportunity to implement these systems in a real life application. This was something that we wanted to explore with our class project, to see how the complexity issue takes form with real like applications. Thus, in this project, we explored the ability of a basic reinforcement learning (RL) agent to get an aircraft to fly in a stable configuration, as defined in our text (see section 2.4). Specifically, we aim to see how easy it is to use RL methods to get the aircraft to fly flat. Furthermore, we want to see how feature engineering effects the performance of the agent. A variety of work has already been done showing that it is possible, through a variety of different RL methods, to safely pilot a plane through take-off, landing, cruise and navigational aspects [4] [3] [1] [2]. However, no-one we have found has given the RL agent control over all aspects of flight including trajectory management based on environmental information including data about other aircraft in the airfield. This is where our work will be novel and, hopefully, show results indicating that RL can be used to increase flight safety. It is also worth noting that our work will be novel in the sense that the majority of past work we found on RL and flight used apprenticeship learning and “expert instructors”. Our lack of access to “experts” will present an interesting, important, and novel challenge in the RL-Flight literature. As such, we have the following project aims:
Inhibition of EHMT 1 / 2 rescues synaptic and cognitive functions for Alzheimer ’ s disease

Epigenetic dysregulation, which leads to the alteration of gene expression in the brain, is suggested as one of the key pathophysiological bases of ageing and neurodegeneration. Here we found that, in the late-stage familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) mouse model, repressive histone H3 dimethylation at lysine 9 (H3K9me2) and euchromatic histone methyltransferases EHMT1 and EHMT2 were significantly elevated in the prefrontal cortex, a key cognitive region affected in Alzheimer’s disease. Elevated levels of H3K9me2 were also detected in the prefrontal cortex region of post-mortem tissues from human patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Concomitantly, H3K9me2 at glutamate receptors was increased in prefrontal cortex of aged FAD mice, which was linked to the diminished transcription, expression and function of AMPA and NMDA receptors. Treatment of FAD mice with specific EHMT1/2 inhibitors reversed histone hyper-methylation and led to the recovery of glutamate receptor expression and excitatory synaptic function in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIPseq) data indicated that FAD mice exhibited genome-wide increase of H3K9me2 enrichment at genes involved in neuronal signalling (including glutamate receptors), which was reversed by EHMT1/2 inhibition. Moreover, the impaired recognition memory, working memory, and spatial memory in aged FAD mice were rescued by the treatment with EHMT1/2 inhibitors. These results suggest that disrupted epigenetic regulation of glutamate receptor transcription underlies the synaptic and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease, and targeting histone methylation enzymes may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for this prevalent neurodegenerative disorder.
Implementation and evaluation of auditory models for sound localization Student Project

For sound localization the human auditory system uses binaural information like interaural time difference (ITD) and level difference (ILD) as well as spectral cues. The information can be described by individual head-related transfer-functions, HRTFs. They represent the spectral characteristics of the filtering process of an incoming soundwave by head, pinna and torso. The processing of this information in the auditory system still cannot be fully explained. Hence the influence of several parameters on human perception is studied with the help of psychoacoustic experiments. However, big variation in system parameters results in great expenses of time and money. Therefore auditory models which aim in modelling response patterns of human listeners are used. The aim of the project is to combine two existing auditory models (Langendijk and Bronkhorst, 2002 and Lopez-Poveda and Meddis, 2001) and integrate the resulting one in the Auditory Modelling Toolbox (AMT) for MATLAB. The resulting model has been evaluated with already existent data from various sound localization experiments. Zusammenfassung Für die Schallquellenlokalisation nutzt das auditorische System binaurale Information wie interaurale Laufzeitdifferenz (ITD) und Pegeldifferenz (ILD) sowie auch monaurale spektrale Information. Sie können durch die individuellen Außenohrübertragungsfunktionen (engl: head-related transfer-functions, HRTFs) beschrieben werden. Sie zeigen die spektralen Eigenschaften der Filterung des eintreffenden Schalls aufgrund von Kopf, Ohrmuschel und Rumpf. Da die Verarbeitung dieser Informationen im auditorischen System noch immer nicht zur Gänze erforscht ist, wird der Einfluss verschiedenster Parameter auf die menschliche Wahrnehmung anhand von psychoakustischen Tests untersucht. Eine große Variation an Systemparametern ist jedoch zeitund kostenintensiv. Dies führt zum Einsatz von Modellen des menschlichen auditorischen Systems, deren Ziel ist, die Ergebnisse der Probanden vorhersagen zu können. Ziel des Projekts ist es zwei bestehende Modelle (Langendijk and Bronkhorst, 2002 and Lopez-Poveda and Meddis, 2001) zu kombinieren und in die Auditory Modelling Toolbox (AMT) für MATLAB zu integrieren. Das resultierende Modell soll mit Hilfe von vorhandenen Ergebnissen diverser Lokalisationsversuche evaluiert und konfiguriert werden. K. Egger: Auditory models for sound localization 3
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Methods for the Estimation of API ’ s in Newanti Injection and Restozeal Tablets

Newanti injection comprises of 0.3 mg Biapenem in powder for injection, used as in vitro agent against anaerobes. Resveratrol is an antioxidant in Restozeal tablets. Since HPLC methods were more accurate, precise and sensitive, the present work describes two simple, precise and accurate HPLC methods for the estimation of pharmaceutical agents in Newanti injection (Method A) and Restozeal tablet dosage form (Method B). The separation was carried out using phenomenex C18 (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size) column for both the methods. Mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer pH (6) in the ratio of 85:15%, v/v, at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and detection wavelength of 294 nm was chosen for method A. Acetonitrile: phosphate buffer pH (5) in the ratio of 80:20%, v/v as the mobile phase at the rate of 0.9 ml/min with the detection wavelength of 315 nm were chosen as operating parameters for Method B. The linearity range was found to be 150-350 μg/ml at the retention time of 3.33 min for biapenem; 50-100 μg/ml at 2.88 min for resveratrol. The liquid chromatography methods were extensively validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. All these analytical validation parameters were observed to be in limits, which indicate the usefulness of the methods for determination of biapenem/resveratrol in their marketed formulations.
I can believe it: Quantitative evidence for closed-class category knowledge in an English-speaking 20- to 24-month-old child

Adults are believed to have abstract syntactic categories that they use to generate their observable utterances (e.g., closed-class categories like NEGation and open-class categories like VERB to generate don’t go). However, there’s been significant debate about when children develop syntactic categories and how to accurately assess what category knowledge they have when. We review prior approaches to assessing children’s developing knowledge of syntactic categories, and then present our quantitative approach, which synthesizes insights from this prior work. This allows us to (i) define possible child representations for multi-word combinations, and (ii) calculate the observed vs. expected linguistic production properties for each possible representation. We use this approach to investigate the existence of both closed-class and open-class syntactic categories in a 20to 24-monthold child’s verb phrases. We evaluate whether the child’s observed production matches the expected production when the child uses a specific category representation, and find that the child’s productions are compatible only with representations that have adult-like closed-class categories (NEG, AUXiliary), but not adult-like open-class categories (NOUN, VERB). We conclude with implications for the development of syntactic categories.
Series – Stem Cell Research Mesenchymal stem cells , autoimmunity and rheumatoid arthritis

The vast majority of literature pertaining to mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) immunomodulation has focussed on bone marrow-derived MSC that are systemically infused to alleviate inflammatory conditions. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the commonest autoimmune joint disease that has witnessed significant therapeutic advances in the past decade, but remains stubbornly difficult to treat in a subset of cases. Pre-clinical research has demonstrated that bone marrow, adipose, synovial and umbilical cord-derived MSC all suppress the functions of different immune cells thus raising the possibility of new therapies for autoimmune diseases including RA. Indeed, preliminary evidence for MSC efficacy has been reported in some cases of RA and systemic lupus erythromatosis. The potential use of bone marrow-MSC (BM-MSC) for RA therapy is emerging but the use of synovial MSC (S-MSC) to suppress the exaggerated immune response within the inflamed joints remains rudimentary. Synovial fibroblasts that are likely derived from S-MSCs, also give rise to a cell-cultured progeny termed fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), which are key players in the perpetuation of joint inflammation and destruction. A better understanding of the link between these cells and their biology could be a key to developing novel MSC-based strategies for therapy. The review briefly focuses on BM-MSC and gives particular attention to joint niche synovial MSC and FLS with respect to immunoregulatory potential therapy roles.
A Constellation and a Rhizome : Two Studies on Toponyms in Literary Texts

Although the attention of linguists is commonly drawn to forms other than proper nouns, the significance of place names in particular exceeds the usual frame of deictic and indexical functions, as they encapsulate more than a mere reference in space. In this article, two different examples are presented in order to understand them, along with two practical examples of visualization in literary texts from the beginning of the 20th century. Research on toponym extraction and linkage is discussed from an interdisciplinary perspective, as digital literary studies are not mere numeric accounts: if they deal with detecting, counting, and projecting occurrences, one also ought to describe and criticize the detachment provoked by “blind” computer-based thinking. The first case consists of a preliminary study of travel literature based on Richthofen’s Travel Journals from China (1907). The resulting map retraces the path taken by the author in the Shandong province by combining coordinates, sequences, and a sense of time. In order to critically analyze this synthesis the concept of constellation is introduced and discussed. The second study focuses on a complex work, the literary magazine Die Fackel (1899–1936) with the particular example of co-occurrences of toponyms. The paths drawn on the map depict chains of thought and lines of flight. The result is understood through the concept of the rhizome, by which heterogeneous information can be connected and displayed. The finality of Visual Linguistics does not reside in an apparatus but rather in the substrate of interpretable representations which put words into perspective.
Recent advances on electromigration in very-large-scale-integration of interconnects

Today, the price of building a factory to produce submicron size electronic devices on 300 mm Si wafers is over billions of dollars. In processing a 300 mm Si wafer, over half of the production cost comes from fabricating the very-large-scale-integration of the interconnect metallization. The most serious and persistent reliability problem in interconnect metallization is electromigration. In the past 40 years, the microelectronic industry has used Al as the on-chip conductor. Due to miniaturization, however, a better conductor is needed in terms of resistance–capacitance delay, electromigration resistance, and cost of production. The industry has turned to Cu as the on-chip conductor, so the question of electromigration in Cu metallization must be examined. On the basis of what we have learned from the use of Al in devices, we review here what is current with respect to electromigration in Cu. In addition, the system of interconnects on an advanced device includes flip chip solder joints, which now tend to become weak links in the system due to, surprisingly, electromigration. In this review, we compare the electromigration in Al, Cu, and solder on the basis of the ratio of their melting point to the device operating temperature of 100 °C. Accordingly, grain boundary diffusion, surface diffusion, and lattice diffusion dominate, respectively, the electromigration in Al, Cu, and solder. In turn, the effects of microstructure, solute, and stress on electromigration in Al, Cu, and solder are different. The stress induced by electromigration in Cu/low-k interconnects will be a very serious issue since the lowk dielectric ~with a value ofk around 2! tends to be weak mechanically. In a multilevel interconnect, a electromigration force due to current crowding, acting normal to current flow, has been proposed to explain why many electromigration induced damages occur away from the high current density region. In mean-time-to-failure analysis, the time taken to nucleate a void is found to be much longer than the growth of the void in Al and solder interconnects. This is not the case for Cu interconnects for the nucleation of a void on a surface. On accelerated tests of electromigration in Cu interconnects, the results gathered above 300 °C will be misleading since the mass transport will have a large contribution of grain boundary diffusion, which is irrelevant to electromigration failure in real devices induced by surface diffusion. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1611263 #
Baillie, M. and Azzopardi, L. and Crestani, F. (2006) Towards better measures: evaluation of estimated resource description quality for distributed IR. In: First International Conference on Scalable Information Systems

An open problem for Distributed Information Retrieval systems (DIR) is how to represent large document repositories, also known as resources, both accurately and efficiently. Obtaining resource description estimates is an important phase in DIR, especially in non-cooperative environments. Measuring the quality of an estimated resource description is a contentious issue as current measures do not provide an adequate indication of quality. In this paper, we provide an overview of these currently applied measures of resource description quality, before proposing the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence as an alternative. Through experimentation we illustrate the shortcomings of these past measures, whilst providing evidence that KL is a more appropriate measure of quality. When applying KL to compare different QBS algorithms, our experiments provide strong evidence in favour of a previously unsupported hypothesis originally posited in the initial Query-Based Sampling work.
Acute stimulation of glucagon secr etion by linoleic acid results from GPR 40 activation and [ Ca 2 C ] i increase in pancreatic islet a-cells

The role of free fatty acids (FFAs) in glucagon secretion has not been well established, and the involvement of FFA receptor GPR40 and its downstream signaling pathways in regulating glucagon secretion are rarely demonstrated. In this study, it was found that linoleic acid (LA) acutely stimulated glucagon secretion from primary cultured rat pancreatic islets. LA at 20 and 40 mmol/l dose-dependently increased glucagon secretion both at 3 mmol/l glucose and at 15 mmol/l glucose, although 15 mmol/l glucose reduced basal glucagon levels. LA induced an increase in cytoplasmic free calcium concentrations ([Ca]i) in identified rat a-cells, which is reflected by increased Fluo-3 intensity under confocal microscopy recording. The increase in [Ca]i was partly inhibited by removal of extracellular Ca and eliminated overall by Journal of Endocrinology (2011) 210, 173–179 0022–0795/11/0210–173 q 2011 Society for Endocrinology Printed in Great further exhaustion of intracellular Ca stores using thapsigargin treatment, suggesting that both Ca release and Ca influx contributed to the LA-stimulated increase in [Ca]i in a-cells. Double immunocytochemical stainings showed that GPR40 was expressed in glucagon-positive a-cells. LA-stimulated increase in [Ca]i was blocked by inhibition of GPR40 expression in a-cells after GPR40-specific antisense treatment. The inhibition of phospholipase C activity by U73122 also blocked the increase in [Ca]i by LA. It is concluded that LA activates GPR40 and phospholipase C (and downstream signaling pathways) to increase Ca release and associated Ca influx through Ca channels, resulting in increase in [Ca]i and glucagon secretion. Journal of Endocrinology (2011) 210, 173–179
immunity : A study on the role of complement system in neuronal degeneration and regeneration

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XSearch : Distributed Information Retrieval in Large-Scale Storage Systems

The pervasiveness and the continuous advancement of computer systems have determined a sudden upsurge of digital data, in terms of volume, velocity and variety, especially in the fields of science and engineering. This phenomena has resulted in a widespread adoption of parallel and distributed filesystems for efficiently storing and accessing data. As the filesystems and quantity of information increase in size, so it becomes more and more difficult to discover and locate particular relevant information amongst the already accessible data. While it is typical now for users to search for data on their personal computer or to discover information over the Internet at the click of a button, there is no such equivalent method for locating data on large parallel and distributed filesystems. This project argues the need for new methods to support information retrieval in the context of large-scale storage systems, and proposes the implementation of a scalable distributed indexing system. We, initially, investigate the increasing size and complexity of production parallel and distributed systems, in order to better outline the scale of the challenge at hand. We, then, explore the state-of-the-art in terms of frameworks, toolkits, libraries, data structures and algorithms that could be used as building blocks for an indexing and search system. Finally, we propose a scalable solution for achieving information retrieval in large-scale storage systems, aiming to integrate it with existing parallel and distributed filesystems.
Physiological study for extracted surface layer from Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from diarrhea

A total of 349 stool samples were collec ted from the patients with diarrhea during the peri od from December 2014 to May 2015,the results show that there were 11(3.15%) positive isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila, these isolates were identified by cultural method ,biochemical tests an d confirmed by API 20E and Vitek 2 system.Tryptose so y agar that contained Congo red stain was used to detect A.hydrophila isolates that produced surface layer protein (S-la yer) ,eight (8) isolates was given positive result on this media. T he S-layer protein was extracted by two methods, So dium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS 0.05%) solution was given significant ly higher protein concentration in compared with Li Cl 5M solution. Then it was precipitated by two methods also, ammon ium per sulfate 80% was given significantly higher protein concentration in compared with acetone Con.95%. The molecular weight of S-layer protein was determi ned by SDS-PAGE and the result reveal that it was 52 KDa. The physiological factors that affecting on the pro duction of S-layer protein from A.hydrophila was investigated by incubate the inoculated produ ction media at different degree of temperature, pH, incubation period ,at the ordinary and shacking inc ubator, and by add (Glycine, Tyrosine ,Lysine ,Alan ine) in two Con. 0.5mg/L and 1mg/L. The result show that all these f actor affecting on the production of S-layer protei n and the highest protein concentration was obtained at temperature 3 7 oc, pH 7, after incubation period 24 hrs. , at sha cking incubator, by add1mg/L of glycine.
Z → b ¯ b in non-minimal Universal Extra Dimensional Model

: We calculate the eﬀective Zb ¯ b coupling at one loop level, in the framework of non-minimal Universal Extra Dimensional (nmUED) model. Non-minimality in Universal Extra Dimensional (UED) framework is realized by adding kinetic and Yukawa terms with arbitrary coeﬃcients to the action at boundary points of the extra space like dimension. A recent estimation of the Standard Model (SM) contribution to Zb ¯ b coupling at two loop level, points to a 1 . 2 σ discrepancy between the experimental data and the SM estimate. We compare our calculation with the diﬀerence between the SM prediction and the experimental estimation of the above coupling and constrain the parameter space of nmUED. We also review the limit on compactiﬁcation radius of UED in view of the new theoretical estimation of SM contribution to Zb ¯ b coupling. For suitable choice of coeﬃcients of boundary-localized terms, 95% C.L. lower limit on R − 1 comes out to be in the ballpark of 800 GeV in the framework of nmUED; while in UED, the lower limit on R − 1 is 350 GeV which is a marginal improvement over an earlier estimate.