Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing the innovative potential of leading food processing companies in Shanghai and the Netherlands

This paper aims at comparing the innovative potential of leading food processing companies in emerging and developed economies. We asked ourselves how the clearly differing economic and social conditions of two areas that are only comparable in terms of their number of inhabitants (about 16 to 18 million), namely a fast growing emerging economy (the Shanghai area in China) and a developed economy (The Netherlands) affect competitiveness and innovation of their leading prospector companies. Our study population consisted of 31 respondents (CEOs, CTOs and R&D directors) from 18 leading prospector companies in the food processing industry: nine in the Netherlands and nine in Shanghai. We focus on how the combination of external forces exerted by actors in the network (competitors, suppliers and buyers) and internal forces (especially innovation capabilities) affect competitiveness and innovation performance of these companies. A 52-item research questionnaire, based on industrial organization theory and the Resource-Based-View, was designed for this study, including quantitative questions on innovative input and output and business performance, and qualitative questions about competitive pressure and the quality of the innovation process. Interesting findings are that both innovative as well as business performance are predominantly related to the companies’ internal (innovation) capabilities. As expected, clear differences between Chinese and Dutch companies were found regarding the external forces as well as in the internal capabilities they deploy to survive The pressure from the external environment, especially the power of buyers and the threat of new entrants is clearly felt more strongly by the Dutch companies than by their Chinese counterparts. The Chinese companies report to significantly use more KPI’s to monitor the R&D process, whereas the Dutch companies are significantly more active in stimulating an innovative culture. Interestingly, however, neither of these differences leads to significant differences in business or innovation performance between the two groups in our study. In the introduction we asked the question whether agri-food companies in developed economies still have a competitive edge compared to those in emerging economies, such as China. The answer that emerges from the data collected so far points in the direction of the disappearance of the traditional advantage of the companies from developed economies: no significant differences could be found neither in innovation performance, nor in business performance among the companies from the Netherlands and the Shanghai region in China.
IS INTELECTUAL CAPITAL ANTECEDENT OF ENTERPRENEURSHIP ORENTATION

Knowledge economy, which is characterized by the complex and dynamic competitive environments, knowledge-based resources (human capital, structural capital and market capital) represent the source of competitive advantage for the firms. In order to be able to seize the opportunities, make product and process innovations, be proactive in the market place, entrepreneurial firms have to reconfigure their intangible assets (Jantunen et al., 2005). The objective of this research is to empirically examine intellectual capital as a competitive knowledge resource of firms, initiate entrepreneurial climate that affect the organizational performance as financial and innovative outcomes. Recent conceptual models suggest that entrepreneurial orientation depends on the acquisition, the integration and the exploitation of knowledge (Hayton, 2002). According to this conceptual framework a model is developed to examine the direct and the mediator relation between intellectual capital and entrepreneurial orientation. To investigate the stated relationships data will be collected from Turkey's Top 500 Industrial Enterprises. Questionnaires are prepared by the researchers based on the measurement instrument used by Subramaniam &Youndt (2005), Bontis (1998) and Dess & Lumpkin (1996) after the preliminary survey that is done for the reliability and validity analysis of the measurement instrument which is modified for cultural differences and for the purposes of this study, will be distributed via mail and the internet site. Data will then be analyzed by the SPSS statistical program.
Proportionate or concentrated burdens? Health of widowed, divorced and nevermarried in Hungary

It is a well-established fact that health status of widowed and divorced people is worse and their mortality is higher as compared with their married counterparts. It is also evident in the scholarly literature that the chances of long and healthy life are unequally distributed among people in different social positions. Nonetheless the interaction between the impacts of social and marital position has become an issue only very recently in socio-demographic analysis. Are the life chances of those widowed people, who have high income and educational level disproportionately better as compared with the poor and uneducated ones? In other words are the chances of poor health and dying among uneducated widowed people significantly higher then we would expect it on the basis of summing up their health risks being much higher related to the educated and married counterparts? Furthermore, do health risks increase dramatically if someone is a widowed manual worker? Altogether then, we can raise the question: Are there extremely vulnerable and extremely privileged sociodemographic groups in terms of health risks in contemporary societies? This analysis aims at which groups are extremely vulnerable in terms of their health risks in Hungary at the turn of Millennium. This analysis cannot be completed without investigating those mechanisms which link marital status to health risks so widely discussed in demographic literature. These mechanisms will serve as a basis for the hypotheses and interpretation. Therefore, we look at how that interpretative framework emerged in scholarly literature, which explains the extra risks of high mortality and poor health among non-married.
Improving Performance Assessment Score Validation Practices: An Instructional Module on Generalizability Theory

In developing and validating measures of language abilities, researchers are faced with the challenge of balancing statistical and consequential qualities of language tests. With the growing use of performance assessments, or test types that require examinees to demonstrate the mastery of a specific complex skill by performing or producing something, so grows the need for quantitative tools that can disentangle variability in language assessment scores due to language ability from those due to irrelevant factors. A well-known, but underutilized, technique in the validation of language tests for such a purpose is Generalizability Theory. Generalizability Theory (G-theory) extends Classical Test Theory (CTT) in providing a mechanism for examining dependability of behavioral measurements (Cronbach, Gleser, Nanda, & Rajaratnam, 1972). One of the main advantages of using G-Theory in establishing evidence of measurement soundness is that in this framework, the observed test score can be partitioned into components other than the true test score and random error. Examining the relative and absolute magnitudes of variance components related to factors of study design can uncover the sources of unreliability or imprecision in the data and make possible the estimation of reliability under yet unstudied conditions. The present paper serves as an instructional module for a set of analyses under the G-Theory framework and showcases an analytic study that exemplifies the various inferences that can legitimately be made from G-study results.
Detecting Adverse Events in Clinical Trial Free Text

Detecting Adverse Events in Clinical Trial Free Text Todd G. Lingren Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Imre Solti, M.D., Ph.D Introduction In pharmacotherapy cancer clinical trials patients receive frequent outpatient evaluation and monthly inpatient evaluation, as required by the protocol or institutional guidelines. Detection of adverse events (AEs) and adverse drug events (ADEs, caused by the therapy drug) is a manual and costly process and involves chart review. The goal of this thesis is to save resources needed to support a clinical trial by improving the automatic classification of ADEs of clinical notes that document the patient evaluation. To improve the classification I propose using the informativeness of a sentence. The definition of informativeness in this context is any sentence which contains reference to one or more medical conditions. The null hypothesis states that “Classifying sentences into informative and non-informative in the first step of ADE detection will not improve the performance of the ADE classifier”. Data The 1391 notes from ten patients enrolled in Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center pediatric clinical trials are double annotated for ADEs with adjudication by experienced annotators following the guidance of clinical research coordinators.
A possible 55-d X-ray period of the ultraluminous accreting pulsar M82 X–2

We report a possible detection of a 55-day X-ray modulation for the ultraluminous accreting pulsar M82 X-2 from archival Chandra observations. Because M82 X-2 is known to have a 2.5-day orbital period, if the 55-day period is real, it will be the superorbital period of the system. We also investigated variabilities of other three nearby ultraluminous X-ray sources in the central region of M82 with the Chandra data and did not find any evidence of periodicities. Furthermore, we re-examined the previously reported 62-day periodicity near the central region of M82 by performing a systematic timing study with all the archival Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer and Swift data. Using various dynamic timing analysis methods, we confirmed that the 62-day period is not stable, suggesting that it is not the orbital period of M82 X-1 in agreement with previous work.
A Robust Neuro-Adaptive Control of Three Link SCARA Robot with Mass Uncertainty

:هصلاخ يقيبطت هدننك لرتنك يحارط فده هلاقم نيا رد 1 يبصع 2 يكيناكم يوزاب كي يارب SCARA يم دروم يكيناكم يوزاب . دشاب كي رظن يم يطخريغ متسيس هدننك لرتنك هك دشاب ه يمن نآ لرتنك هب رداق كيسلاك يا يور رب نونكات هك يياهراك زا يرصتخم حرش ادتبا . دنشاب متسيس رلوا شور زا هدافتسا اب همادا رد سپس و دش دهاوخ هئارا تسا هدش ماجنا هباشم ياه متسيس يشبنج و ليسناتپ يژرنا رب ينتبم هك ژنارگلا يم وخ هبساحم متسيس يكيمانيد تلاداعم ،دشاب هئارا اب هدننك لرتنك يحارط . دش دها فناپايل عبات كي ي 3 نيناوق هك دش دهاوخ نايب بسانم اطخ لانگيس و هدوب دودحم اهلانگيس يمامت هتسب هقلح متسيس رد . درك دهاوخ نيمضت ار هتسب هقلح متسيس يرادياپ و يقيبطت 4 تروص هب يم ليم رفص تمس هب يبناجم سيس يدمآراك تابثا يارب . دنك تابور كي يور رب هدش يحارط هدننك لرتنك مت SCARA يزاس هدايپ يكنيل هس ب جياتن هك دش دهاوخ ه يم نيمضت ار هدننك لرتنك يياراك هدمآ تسد . دنك
Bud Formation and the Inducibility of Pseudo-mycelium Outgrowth During Release from Stationary Phase in Candida albicans

The kinetics of bud formation at 25 °C and germ tube formation at 37 °C were examined in populations of Candida albicans released from stationary phase by dilution into fresh nutrient medium. Evidence is presented for four separate isolates and three different defined media that: (i) cells do not deplete the media of growth-limiting nutrients when they enter stationary phase; (ii) cells accumulate as singlets when they enter stationary phase, presumably at a point early in the cell cycle; (iii) daughter cells do not separate from mother cells during the first three to four cell divisions following release from stationary phase at 25 °C; and (iv) released cells cannot be induced to form germ tubes by an increase in temperature once they have formed their first bud at 25 °C. The relationships between the lack of cell separation, the inducibility of tube formation and stationary phase are discussed.
EFFECT OF CARBON SOURCE AND INCUBATION TEMPERATURE ON TOTAL CONTENT OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF CALLUS CULTURE OF SOLANUM NIGRUM

Solanum nigrum (Solanaceae) is known as black nightshade. The plant is extensively used to treat severe diseases such as pain, inflammation and fever. The plant is also used as an antitumorigenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and antipyretic agent. The present study was designed to observe the effects of carbon source and incubation temperature on callus growth, and secondary metabolite content in S. nigrum. Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators and various concentrations of glucose, sucrose, and fructose was used for the study. The incubation temperatures such as 20, 25, 30 and 35°C were used on callus culture of S. nigrum for assessment of total phenolic, flavonoids and alkaloid content. The weight of biomass produced and content of secondary metabolites were determined. The results revealed that sucrose was superior to glucose and fructose for callus growth and secondary metabolites formation, and the optimum concentration of sucrose was 3%. The optimum incubation temperature was 30°C for the production of biomass and secondary metabolites. It can be concluded that sucrose as carbon source was superior to glucose and fructose for callus growth and secondary metabolite accumulation. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 7.523 Volume 6, Issue 8, 905-922. Research Article ISSN 2277–7105 Article Received on 25 May 2017, Revised on 14 June 2017, Accepted on 04 July 2017 DOI: 10.20959/wjpr20178-7306 *Corresponding Author
A mechanism for low‐extent melts at the lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary

Recent studies have imaged sharp vertical drops in shear wave velocity at the lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary (LAB). In some regions, the magnitude of the negative velocity gradient at the LAB is too large to be explained by changes in temperature alone. This study demonstrates that small amounts of partial melt in the shallow asthenosphere are a viable model for this sharp seismic boundary. In particular, we examine melting in the upper asthenosphere at the edge of thick cratonic lithosphere, using the example of eastern North America where a sharp LAB velocity gradient has been observed. Finite element modeling of asthenospheric flow at an abrupt lateral decrease in lithosphere thickness indicates that this geometry, together with lateral plate motions, produces edge‐driven convection and asthenospheric upwelling at the continental margin. A key component of this work is a comparison of the locations and extents of melting produced by using different models for the depression of the peridotite solidus with varying H2O content. In addition, we develop a simplified parameterization of the H2O‐undersaturated peridotite solidus for a constant degree of H2O saturation in nominally anhydrous minerals. The patterns of mantle flow produced by our numerical modeling and various solidus parameterizations predict less than 0.1 wt % to 2.8 wt % (0.01–3.3 vol %) melting at depths between 102 and 126 km for an asthenosphere with a mantle potential temperature of 1350°C and 150 ppm H2O, or between 91 km and a maximum of 200 km for a mantle at 1350°C and 450 ppm H2O. If the asthenosphere has a mantle potential temperature ≤1340°C or contains less than 150 ppm H2O at 3 GPa, no melting will occur. This process of generating melt in the asthenosphere to produce a sharp vertical velocity gradient at the LAB is viable in other locations where convective upwelling occurs in the shallow asthenosphere although it is dependent on asthenospheric potential temperature, composition, and H2O content. Because the asthenosphere may be heterogeneous in composition and H2O content, the onset of melting below the LAB may fluctuate with time and space, as may the magnitude of the shear velocity drop at the LAB.
Productivity and Efficiency Evaluation of US Mutual Funds

In this paper assess the relative performance of US mutual funds using a non-parametric method such as data envelopment analysis (DEA). In particular, we assess the changes of mutual funds’ total productivity using the DEA-based Tornqvist productivity Index. The findings show significant losses in mutual funds’ productivity over the period 2000–2012, which has attracted the attention of US market regulators and policymakers. This paper presents some significant and important implications because we introduce the potential sources of operational inefficiency and unproductiveness. Using a panel logit model, it is revealed that a significant negative relationship exists between the efficiency and productivity and the size and management fee of mutual funds, a result that may be associated with the microstructure of the US stock market. Moreover, it is found that there is a significant positive relationship between the efficiency and productivity and the age and incentive fee of mutual funds. Average productivity growth in the US mutual fund industry is equal to 0.98, which hints at its unsatisfactory performance over the studied period. Finally, we present the findings versus the notion of the mean-variance (MV) efficiency of mutual funds.
Worker Flows in the European Union During the Great Recession

We firstly measure the contribution of worker flows across employment, unemployment, and non-participation to the change in unemployment in eleven EU countries during the period 2006-2012, paying special attention to which socio-demographic groups in each of the countries were most affected by job creation and job destruction during the crisis. We find that age, to a greater extent than educational attainment, is the main determinant of flows from employment into unemployment, particularly in those countries where unemployment increased most. Secondly, we highlight some institutional features of the labour market (employment protection legislation, unemployment insurance and the incidence of active labour market policies) that help explain the cross-country differences in flows between employment and unemployment and in their socio-demographic composition. Finally, we examine whether the crisis has led to some employment reallocation across sectors, finding that, so far, there is no clear evidence in favour of cleansing effects.
Mobile Robot-Assisted Mapping of Materials in Unknown Environments

Active perception by robots of surrounding objects and environmental elements may involve contacting and recognizing material types such as glass, metal, plastic, or wood. This perception is especially beneficial for mobile robots exploring unknown environments, and can increase a robot's autonomy and enhance its capability for interaction with objects and humans. This paper introduces a new multi-robot system for learning and classifying object material types through the processing of audio signals produced when a controlled solenoid switch on the robot is used to tap the target material. We use Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC) as signal features and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) as the classifier. The proposed system can construct a material map from signal information using both manual and autonomous methodologies. We demonstrate the proposed system through experiments using the mobile robot platforms installed with Velodyne LiDAR in an exploration-like scenario with various materials. The material map provides information that is difficult to capture using other methods, making this a promising avenue for further research.
Accelerated Adaptive Second Order Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Observer

An accelerated second-order super-twisting sliding mode observer with an adaptive gain is proposed for a typical nonlinear system. The key contribution of this algorithm is that the rate of convergence of observation error is accelerated remarkably by introducing “system damping. ” Chattering issue is attenuated with a satisfactory performance compared with conventional sliding mode observer. Furthermore, adaptive gain can vary with deviation between the trajectory and the sliding mode switching manifold dynamically so that overshoot can be reduced. The novel observer is proven mathematically to be convergent in a finite time. Finally, an example of nonlinear system is given to verify the performance.
Measurement-Based Delay and Doppler Characterizations for High-Speed Railway Hilly Scenario

This paper presents results for delay and Doppler spread characterization in high-speed railway (HSR) hilly scenario. To investigate the propagation characteristics in this specific terrain, a measurement campaign is conducted along the “Guangzhou-Shenzhen” HSR in China. A wideband channel sounder with 40 MHz bandwidth is used to collect raw data at 2.4 GHz band. The delay spread and Doppler frequency features are analyzed based on measured data. It is found that there are abundant multipath components (MPCs) in this scenario. We present the relationship between the delay spreads and the transceiver distances. The measured route can be divided into four areas with different delay and Doppler characteristics. Finally, a tapped delay line (TDL) model is proposed to parameterize the channel responses in the HSR hilly environment, which is supposed to provide criterions for evaluations of the radio interface and development of wireless communication system.
Differential Expression of Genes Involved in Sucrose Synthesis in Source and Sink Organs of Cassava Plants Undergoing Seasonal Drought Stress

Sucrose functions as a regulator of gene expression allowing plants to respond to cellular energy demands during both normal and stress conditions. Previous studies indicated that drought followed with onset of rain could negatively affect yield of starch in storage roots of cassava. In this study, molecular approaches were conducted to investigate expression profiling of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose phosphatase (SPP) and 14-3-3, which are importance as regulatory points to modulate availability of sucrose in cassava. In source organs, expression of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) sucrose phosphate synthase (MeSPS) and cassava sucrose phosphatase (MeSPP) varied depending on developmental stage and day/night cycle. In sink organ, the levels of MeSPS, MeSPP and Me14-3-3 transcripts were affected to a much greater degree by different planting season than by root developmental stage. In response to fluctuating level of rainfall, a correlation between MeSPS and Me14-3-3 expression patterns was observed. This finding suggests the role of these enzymes and the importance of sucrose metabolism in seasonal drought stress response in cassava. Given the identified new role for cassava as an important biofuel crop as well as its current usage as a food crop, understanding on the most appropriate time to plant and harvest cassava in order to maximize starch quantity and quality is warranted.
Habitat fragmentation and its effects on groundwater populations

The subterranean unsaturated zone of the karstic areas is highly fragmented. The maze of more or less connected voids harbors simple communities of mixed surface and subterranean species, especially crustaceans. Hypogean species are dominant in almost all communities of the seven stations sampled monthly in a cave of the north‐western Romania. Water stable isotopes and drip rates were used to understand the morphological and spatial organization of the subterranean habitats in the unsaturated zone. The structure of the cave communities, the species synchrony and the spatial structure and variation of communities at different geographical levels are discussed in conservation terms. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.