Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Spatial–Temporal Averaging on the Dynamic–Statistical Properties of Rain Fields

Knowledge of the spatial–temporal variation of rain fields is required for the planning and optimization of wide-area high-frequency terrestrial and satellite communication networks. This article presents data and a method for characterizing multi-resolution statistical/dynamic parameters describing the spatial–temporal variation of rain fields across ocean climate in North-Western Europe. The data are derived from the NIMROD network of rain radars. The characterizing parameters include 1) statistical distribution of point 1 min rainfall rates, 2) spatial and temporal correlation functions of rainfall rate, and 3) the probability of rain/no rain. The main contributions of this article are the assessment of the impact of varying spatial and temporal integration lengths on these parameters, their dependencies on the integration volumes and area sizes, and the model for both temporal and spatial correlation parameters.
Homogenization method for topology optmization of struc-tures built with lattice materials.

Les developpements recents des methodes de fabrication additive permettent aujourd'hui d'envisager l'usinage de pieces a la topologie complexe, composees de microstructures. Ceci ranime l'interet pour les methodes d'optimisation topologique par methode d'homogeneisation, developpees dans les annees 80 et quelque peu oubliees par manque d'applications industrielles.L'objectif de cette these est de fournir des methodes d'optimisation topologique pour des structures constituees de materiau lattice localement periodique, c'est-a-dire dont la microstructure est modulee au sein de la piece.Trois phases ont ete definies. La premiere consiste a calculer les proprietes elastiques homogeneisees de microstructures en fonction de parametres definissant leur geometrie. Dans la seconde etape, on optimise la structure constituee de materiau homogeneise selon les parametres geometriques de la microstructure ainsi que son orientation. Une structure homogeneisee n'est pas usinable en l'etat. En effet, l'homogeneisation revient a considerer que la taille des cellules la composant converge vers zero. Dans une troisieme etape, on propose donc de deshomogeneiser la structure optimisee, c'est-a-dire de construire une suite de structures convergeant vers elle. Pour cela, on introduit un diffeomorphisme deformant une grille reguliere de sorte que chaque cellule soit orientee selon l'orientation optimale.Nous presentons dans cette these les details de cette methode, pour des microstructures elastiques isotropes et orthotropes, en deux et en trois dimensions.Nous proposons egalement un couplage de cette methode avec la methode d'optimisation de forme par les lignes de niveau, ce qui permet notamment d'inclure des contraintes geometriques sur les structures finales.
Short- and long-term gain dynamics in 
N2+
 air lasing

U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0383]; National Research Council of Canada; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Ontario; Xerox Canada Inc.; U.S. AFOSR under MURI [FA9550-16-1-0013]
The role of balance between excitation and inhibition in learning in spiking networks

When performing a task, neural circuits must represent and manipulate continuous stimuli using discrete action potentials. It is commonly assumed that neurons represent continuous quantities with their firing rate and this independently from one another. However, such independent coding is very inefficient because it requires the generation of a large number of action potentials in order to achieve a certain level of accuracy. We show that neurons in a spiking recurrent network can learn - using a local plasticity rule - to coordinate their action potentials in order to represent information with high accuracy while discharging minimally. The learning rule that acts on recurrent connections leads to such an efficient coding by imposing a precise balance between excitation and inhibition at the level of each neuron. This balance is a frequently observed phenomenon in the brain and is central in our work. We also derive two biologically plausible learning rules that respectively allows the network to adapt to the statistics of its inputs and to perform complex and dynamic transformations on them. Finally, in these networks, the stochasticity of the spike timing is not a signature of noise but rather of precision and efficiency. In fact, the random nature of the spike times results from the degeneracy of the representation. This constitutes a new and a radically different interpretation of the irregularity found in spike trains.
A PARTIAL ACQUISITION TECHNIQUE OF SAR SYSTEM USING COMPRESSIVE SAMPLING METHOD

In line with the development of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology, there is a serious problem when the SAR signal is acquired using high rate analog digital converter (ADC), that require large volumes data storage. The other problem on compressive sensing method , which frequently occur s , is a large measurement matrix that may cause intensive calculation. In this paper, a new approach was proposed, particularly on the partial acquisition technique of SAR system using compressive sampling method in both the azimuth and range direction. The main objective s of the study are to reduce the radar raw data by decreasing the sampling rate of ADC and to reduce the computational load by decreasing the dimension of the measurement matrix . The simulation results found that the reconstruction of SAR image using partial acquisition model has better resolution compared to the conventional method (Range Doppler Algorithm/RDA). On a target of a ship, that represents a low-level sparsity, a good reconstruction image could be achieved from a fewer number measurement. The study conclude s that the method may speed up the computation time by a factor 4.49 times faster than with a full acquisition matrix.
Handgrip pattern recognition

There are numerous tragic gun deaths each year. Making handguns safer by personalizing them could prevent most such tragedies. Personalized handguns, also called “smart” guns, are handguns that can only be fired by the authorized user. Handgrip pattern recognition holds great promise in the development of the smart gun. Two algorithms, static analysis algorithm and dynamic analysis algorithm, were developed to find the patterns of a person about how to grasp a handgun. The static analysis algorithm measured 160 subjects' fingertip placements on the replica gun handle. The cluster analysis and discriminant analysis were applied to these fingertip placements, and a classification tree was built to find the fingertip pattern for each subject. The dynamic analysis algorithm collected and measured 24 subjects' handgrip pressure waveforms during the trigger pulling stage. A handgrip recognition algorithm was developed to find the correct pattern. A DSP box was built to make the handgrip pattern recognition to be done in real time. A real gun was used to evaluate the handgrip recognition algorithm. The result was shown and it proves that such a handgrip recognition system works well as a prototype.
Circularly polarized patch antenna with two different C‐shaped ring structures

In this letter, we propose a novel design for circularly polarized (CP) antennas using two simple C‐shaped ring structures. The widths (WL and WR) of the two C‐shaped ring structures are different and these rings are also misaligned to achieve asymmetry. This asymmetry is different from conventional methods, such as perturbations on a diagonal line. It exists on the top layer of the substrate and acts as a radiating element. In order to implement the proposed structure as a single‐layer, a feed structure is implemented by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) method on the bottom layer of substrate. From measured results, the proposed antenna shows very good axial ratio (AR) of 0.8 dB and gain of 3.5 dBi at 2.289 GHz. From this analysis, it is demonstrated that some parameters independently change the frequency with the minimum value of AR and resonant frequency. This design is very useful for designing CP antennas.
Extending User Interface Design Patterns with accessibility recommendations to guide mobile developers

With the dissemination of mobile devices and the migration of activities that were once executed only on desktop computers to smartphones and tablets, the concerns related to accessibility in this environments have increased. Accessibility barriers can directly affect the access of information: a user with difficulties on accessing important information can become frustrated, absorbing the content with difficulty or even not being able to assimilate any information. The difficulties encountered by a great variety of users on mobile devices adds new challenges to the task of creating accessible applications for everyone. However, the accessibility impact of mobile interface design patterns in the life of disabled people has not been widely addressed in academic works. At the same time, the community of mobile designers and developers has made significant advances in identifying accessibility issues with design patterns on mobile interfaces, reporting these findings in virtual spaces of discussions as forums and blogs. Against this scenario, this project proposes recommendations that will help to mitigate or eliminate the accessibility barriers created by Interface Design Patterns on mobile applications. These recommendations were created based on two main studies. The first study was an accessibility evaluation based on interaction design patterns in an e-learning application containing 21 participants without disabilities that collected the emotional response to seven design patterns and video analysis using communicability metrics. While the second study aimed to explore the experiences and knowledge of professionals through an ethnographic study in 18 virtual communities of mobile design and development with the goal of identifying issues on the accessibility of Android mobile interface design patterns. This work presents two main contributions. It presents an approach to support the employment of virtual ethnography studies in software engineering as means to observe software development practice based on the information available in online communities. It also proposes 22 recommendations of 11 Interface Design Patterns and 11 Cross-section elements of mobile applications with the goal of improving the overall accessibility of mobile devices.
WRA: A 2.2-to-6.3 TOPS Highly Unified Dynamically Reconfigurable Accelerator Using a Novel Winograd Decomposition Algorithm for Convolutional Neural Networks

As convolutional neural networks (CNNs) become more and more diverse and complicated, acceleration of CNNs increasingly encounters a bottleneck of balancing performance, energy efficiency, and flexibility in a unified architecture. This paper proposed a Winograd-based highly efficient and dynamically Reconfigurable Accelerator (named WRA) for quickly evolving CNN models. A cost-effective convolution decomposition method (CDW) was proposed, and it extends the application of the fast Winograd algorithm. Based on CDW, a high-throughput and reconfigurable processing element (PE) array was designed to exploit the parallelism of Winograd. Besides, a highly compact memory structure employed four levels of data reuse schemes to achieve maximal data reuse and minimize external bandwidth requirement. Provided with dynamically reconfigurable capability, WRA implements CDW and other convolutions (e.g., standard convolution, depthwise separable convolution, and group convolution) on a unified hardware architecture. The WRA accelerator was implemented on a Xilinx XCVU9P platform running at 330 MHz clock frequency, controlled by a POWER8 processor via a coherent accelerator processor interface (CAPI) interface. At different configurations, WRA can provide 2.2–6.3 TOPS performance for different convolution shapes. The average performance and energy efficiency for VGG16/AlexNet/MobileNetV1/MobileNetV2 are 5288 GOP/s at 151.2 GOPs/W, 3478 GOP/s at 99.4 GOPs/W, 2674 GOP/s at 76.4 GOPs/W, and 2194 GOP/s at 62.7 GOPs/W. It achieves $1.7\times $ – $24\times $ speedup compared with the previous FPGA-based designs.
Autonomic clouds of components for self-managed service ecosystems

Current trends in telecommunications, information and communications technology (ICT) and future internet, such as Web 2.0, internet of things and cloud computing, push towards the development of open ecosystems capable of enabling the aggregation of virtualised resources and composition of services and functionalities. Emerging complexities and heterogeneity of resources will require these ecosystems to be self-managed and characterised by self-organising capabilities. This paper describes the emergence of such ecosystems in terms of multiple clouds of interworking autonomic components that virtualise and make available different types of resources and services (eg processing, storage and communication capabilities, services and content) up to the edge of the networks. Individuals, enterprises, service and network providers will be able to share common virtual systems where multiple resources, services and data can flourish. A proof-of-concept and some experimental results, coming from the experience of the ICT project CASCADAS, are provided as an example feasibility study of such self-managed service ecosystems.
FIMP dark matter genesis produced via non-thermal freeze-in mechanism

Jutila, Henri FIMP Dark Matter Genesis Produced via Non-Thermal Freeze-In Mechanism Master’s thesis Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, 2019, 92 pages. Cosmological observations such as behavior of galaxy rotation curves, details of the cosmic microwave background and mass distribution of galaxy clusters based on gravitational lensing support the existence of dark matter. Observations indicate, that dark matter interacts only through gravity and outweighs baryonic matter five to one. Majority of dark matter is expected to be non-baryonic and composed of particles beyond Standard Model. Despite the various cosmological observations, dark matter remains hidden behind the scenes of the Universe, since there is no confirmed positive signal from experiments aiming to detect dark matter. In the early universe dark matter can be assumed to be in thermal equilibrium and produced similarly to light relics through thermal freeze-out mechanism involving Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP). Dark matter can also be produced alternatively non-thermally via freeze-in mechanism, involving Feebly Interacting Massive Particle (FIMP). In this case dark matter never attains thermal equilibrium, since the couplings to other particles are extremely weak. In this thesis both mechanisms are studied with main focus on freeze-in. Analytical and numerical solutions to the comoving number density of dark matter produced via freeze-in is determined for 1 → 2 decay and for 2 → 2 scattering. Solution to the dark matter energy density with required couplings are presented for the corresponding processes.
Comparative Analysis of Microstrip patch antenna arrays for S band applications

This paper presents a comparative analysis of 2×2 antenna array of rectangular topology, U-slot and E- slot microstrip patch antenna array . The operating frequency of array is 2 to 4 GHz. The antenna arrays have been designed and simulated on Rogers RO4350 (tm) substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.66. This paper presents that, the performance of antenna array is improved after the slot cutting in the patch of antenna. The design is analyzed by FEM based HFSSv11 by which return loss, 3D polar plot, VSWR, gain and radiated power of the antenna arrays are computed. The software simulated results shows that the E slot antenna array provides good performance as compared to U slot antenna array and rectangular patch antenna array with the return loss value of -36.082dB at 2.41GHz and VSWR value 0.2727 at the same frequency.
Mass transfer enhancement of hollow fiber membrane deoxygenation by Dean vortices

This paper reports a modeling and experimental study of the mass transfer enhancement of water deoxygenation by using a helical hollow fiber membrane (HHFM) to enable Dean vortices. Experiments demonstrated that the HHFM deoxygenating rate was doubled compared with straight hollow fiber deoxygenation. A new model to describe the HHFM deoxygenation mass transfer was derived combining the helical coordinate system mass continuity equation on the lumen side and a modified dusty gas model for the mutual gaseous diffusion in the porous membrane. The model simulation showed that Dean vortices induce transverse fluid disturbance in the fiber, which significantly promotes lumen side mass transfer. The key parameters influencing the strength of Dean vortices are the Reynolds number of the lumen side and the curvature of HHFM. Operating and membrane structure parameters were optimized for HHFM deoxygenation design. The new model could be employed to describe quantitatively the mass transfer behavior of all types of HHFM gas-phase separation processes.
Scattering a Bose-Einstein Condensate Off a Modulated Barrier

This thesis presents an experiment to study 1D quantum mechanical scattering by an amplitude-modulated barrier. This experiment represents a first step toward implementing a quantum pump for ultracold atoms based on two such barriers modulated out of phase with one another. A single oscillating barrier imparts or subtracts kinetic energy in discrete amounts from the scattered atoms. In this manner, the energy spectrum of the scattered atoms resembles a comb with a tooth spacing of h̄ω where ω is the oscillation frequency of the barrier. This effect is analogous to the frequency modulation of a radio wave to add sidebands to a carrier frequency, where the carrier is the kinetic energy of ultracold atoms and the oscillating barrier provides the modulating signal. Numerical simulations of the scattering process confirm this basic scattering picture. The experiment uses a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of Rb. The BEC is released from a relaxed magnetic chip trap and directed horizontally towards a tightly focused laser beam that serves as an oscillating barrier. A magnetic field gradient is used to control the vertical motion of the BEC and to levitate it. Detection is carried out with a time of flight technique with the aim of resolving discrete atomic packet sidebands. This method can be used to study momentum sideband generation with a BEC in the presence of no or very weak interactions. The experiment successfully measured the broadening of the BEC velocity distribution after scattering off the modulated barrier. However, the observation of momentum sidebands remains elusive.
Phase II monitoring of multivariate profiles with estimated parameters and optimal phase I subgroups

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the effect of parameter estimation from in-control Phase I samples on the in-control and out-of-control performance of the four Phase II control charts used for monitoring multivariate multiple linear profiles. These methods are evaluated in terms of out-of-control performance using corrected limits. The monitoring approaches investigated are then compared using the statistical properties of the ARL distribution. Furthermore, two optimization models are proposed for finding the optimum number of Phase I samples needed to achieve proper parameter estimations of desired accuracy and solved by using a novel hybrid simulation algorithm named HBSO.
The Explicit Formulae and Evaluations of Ramanujan's Remarkable Product of Theta-functions

On pages 338 and 339 in his ﬁrst notebook, Ramanujan deﬁned remarkable product of theta-functions a m,n and also recorded eighteen explicit values depending on two parameters m and n . All these values have been established by Berndt et al. In this paper, we establish a new general formulae for the explicit evaluations of a 3 m, 3 and a m, 9 by using P - Q mixed modular equation and values for certain class invariant of Ramanujan. Using these formulae, we calculate some new explicit values of a 3 m, 3 for m = 2 , 7 , 13 , 17 , 25 , 37 and a m, 9 for m = 17 , 37.
Relaxing non-interference requirements in parallel plans

The aim of being able to reason about quantities, time or space has been the main objective of the many efforts on the integration of propositional planning with extensions to handle different theories. Planning modulo theories (PMTs) are an approximation inspired by satisfiability modulo theories (SMTs) that generalize the integration of arbitrary theories with propositional planning. Parallel plans are crucial to reduce plan lengths and hence the time needed to reach a feasible plan in many approaches. Parallelization of actions relies on the notion of (non-)interference, which is usually determined syntactically at compile time. In this paper we define a semantic notion of interference between actions in PMT. Apart from being strictly stronger than any syntactic notion of interference, we show how semantic interference can be easily and efficiently checked by calling an off-the-shelf SMT solver at compile time, constituting a technique orthogonal to the solving method.
WARP: Memory Subsystem Effective for Wrapping Bursts of a Cache

State‐of‐the‐art processors require increasingly complicated memory services for high performance and low power consumption. In particular, they request transfers within a burst in a wrap‐around order to minimize the miss penalty of a cache. However, synchronous dynamic random access memories (SDRAMs) do not always generate transfers in the wrap‐round order required by the processors. Thus, a memory subsystem rearranges the SDRAM transfers in the wrap‐around order, but the rearrangement process may increase memory latency and waste the bandwidth of on‐chip interconnects. In this paper, we present a memory subsystem that is effective for the wrapping bursts of a cache. The proposed memory subsystem makes SDRAMs generate transfers in an intermediate order, where the transfers are rearranged in the wrap‐around order with minimal penalties. Then, the transfers are delivered with priority, depending on the program locality in space. Experimental results showed that the proposed memory subsystem minimizes the memory performance loss resulting from wrapping bursts and, thus, improves program execution time.
Eigenvalues asymptotics for Stark operators

Abstract We give the eigenvalues asymptotics for the Stark operator of the form −Δ+F x, F > 0 on L2([0, d]). This is given in the case when F is small enough or sufficiently large. We impose various boundary conditions. The proof is based on the asymptotics of the specialized Airy functions.
Fish swarm intelligent to optimize real time monitoring of chips drying using machine vision

This study attempted to apply machine vision-based chips drying monitoring system which is able to optimise the drying process of cassava chips. The objective of this study is to propose fish swarm intelligent (FSI) optimization algorithms to find the most significant set of image features suitable for predicting water content of cassava chips during drying process using artificial neural network model (ANN). Feature selection entails choosing the feature subset that maximizes the prediction accuracy of ANN. Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) was used in this study which consisted of prediction accuracy maximization and feature-subset size minimization. The results showed that the best feature subset i.e. grey mean, L(Lab) Mean, a(Lab) energy, red entropy, hue contrast, and grey homogeneity. The best feature subset has been tested successfully in ANN model to describe the relationship between image features and water content of cassava chips during drying process with R2 of real and predicted data was equal to 0.9.