Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation du débit de filtration glomérulaire par les marqueurs sériques Créatinine versus Cystatine C chez les transplantés rénaux et les insuffisants rénaux en dialyse péritonéale au niveau du service de néphrologie au CHU de Tlemcen.

Kidney disease is characterized by progressive loss of kidney function within a specified period. Measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) gives an overall assessment of renal function, by a determination of the renal clearance with exogenous markers such as inulin, iohexol, and 51 Cr-EDTA. Currently creatinine is the endogenous marker most used to estimate GFR. In addition to creatinine, the estimate of GFR based on serum cystatin C levels was found to be as sensitive as creatinine at early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI), or in early chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cystatin C could be an alternative marker in the future. In this study, DFG was estimated from immediate or late postoperative transplant patients and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients at the nephrology department of Tlemcen University Hospital from January to May 2018, based on serum creatinine levels and cystatinC. The results obtained from Deming regression analysis, comparing the GFRs in the different populations (calculated according to the 3 formulas; CKD-EPI (Creatinine, Cystatin C and combined), found a concordance between DFG Creatinine and combined within the late postoperative population with a regression coefficient of 1.063, which was different in patients postoperative immediately. In conclusion, these results open many perspectives for the exploration of single or combined Cystatin C formulas in post kidney transplantation populations for late or immediate follow-up compared to reference methods.
A Study of Depressive Features and Perceived Social Support in patients with Miscarriage

Background: In developing world, the number of women undergoing miscarriage has increased. Women facing miscarriage are susceptible to develop depression and the risk is more if the perceived social support is low or not adequate. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the presence of depressive features and perceived social support and to correlate between the two entities in patients with miscarriage. Materials & Methods:This was a cross-sectional, single interview study conducted in 100 consecutive patients with miscarriage in current pregnancy admitted in obstetrics and gynecology ward of a tertiary care center. After ethics committee approval and written informed consent, each patient was individually interviewed using a semi structured proforma. To assess depressive features, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and to evaluate perceived social support- Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were administered. Data was analyzed statistically Results: The mean age of the participant was 28.5 years (3.9), all of them were married, majority of them being housewives, with primary/secondary level of education and from rural area. On assessment with PHQ9, the prevalence of depression was 32%. Among them 17 % had mild depression, 12% had moderate depression, and 3% had severe depression. Women with advancing age, lower education level, unemployment, previous miscarriage , miscarriage following treatment for infertility had significant depression . The perceived social support in the form of family and friends was significantly less in depressed patients. Conclusion: Miscarriage is a significant stressful event in a women’s life. These women should be evaluated for depressive symptoms and carers should be psycho-educated regarding need of social support following miscarriage. Early diagnosis and management of depression will help in reducing further morbidity and will improve the quality of life of these patients.
Carrying metazoan phylogenetics forward in the 21st century

Review of and commentary on: Animal Evolution. Interrelationships of the Living Phyla, by Claus Nielsen. Oxford University Press, 2001, x + 563 pp., ISBN 0-19-850682-1 (Pbk). My initial browsing of the new edition of Claus Nielsen’s Animal Evolution could scarcely have produced a bigger surprise. Opening the book from the back I first read the last line of the last chapter on molecular phylogeny: “The evolutionary scenario pictured in fig. 57.2 [a molecular cladogram based on 18S rDNA sequences] is fully compatible with the phylogeny proposed on morphological evidence in this book. ” (p. 519). Imagine the surprise! Anyone even marginally familiar with recent developments in higher-level animal phylogenetics will be aware of some major conflicting phylogenetic signals lurking below the surface of morphological and molecular data sets. Certainly, many may agree with Balter’s (1997) observation that “morphologists learn to live with molecular upstarts,” but in view of Nielsen’s less than enthusiastic embrace of molecular phylogenetic evidence in previous publications (Nielsen, 1997a, b) he appears particularly unlikely to serve as a candidate molecular convert. However, a glance at Nielsen’s molecular ‘tree’ offers immediate clarification. It resembles a three-layered terrace overgrown with a phylogenetic grass reminiscent of the massively polyphyletic scheme advocated a decade ago by Willmer(1990), which enjoyed some notoriety as the then most recent pictorial incarnation of phylogenetic ignorance. Nielsen’s rendition of IBS rDNA sequence data merely yields three phylogenetic plateaus representing the ascending organizational levels of Metazoa, Bilateria, and Deuterostomia forming the substrates of three successive Precambrian radiations. Unsurprisingly, the complete lack of resolution in the molecular phylogeny-guarantees compatibility with any morphological tree. Needless to say, others have reached rather different conclusions about the degree of phylogenetic resolution that 18S data can offer. In fact, where most phylogeneticists (including myself) are prepared to defend more resolution for inter-phylum relationships, Nielsen’s molecular cladogram offers resolution where 18S data do not provide it, namely for the monophyly of several of the individual phyla. Nielsen’s fig. 57.1 nicely illustrates this shortcoming of IBS data to support the monophyly of even the morphologically bestdefined phyla such as Mollusca. Nielsen very briefly touches upon some other issues with molecular phylogenetics that have attracted widespread attention in the recent literature, such as the difficulty of estimating divergence times, and the conflict or congruence between phylogenetic estimates based on different molecules. A short section on evolutionary developmental biology is also provided, but readers who are seriously interested in molecular phylogenetics are best advised to consult the extensive primary literature as Nielsen himself candidly recommends.
High Benthic Microalgal Biomass Found on Ship Shoal, North-central Gulf of Mexico

Recent studies have highlighted the biomass and ecological roles of benthic microalgae (BMA) on the continental shelf. However, few studies have specifically examined BMA in the north-central Gulf of Mexico. We examined the origin and biomass of sediment associated algae on Ship Shoal, a submerged sandbank with depth and sediment characteristics favorable to benthic primary production. Light levels at the sediment surface ranged from < 1% to 30% of surface PAR, and were judged sufficient for benthic photosynthesis throughout the year. Sediment algal biomass, as chlorophyll a, was highest in the spring and summer and was not consistently correlated with any of the physical parameters recorded including sediment light levels and water depth. Photosynthetic pigment analysis indicated sedimentary algae across Ship Shoal were predominately diatoms on all sampling dates. Microscopic analysis suggested the diatoms were primarily BMA with only a minor fraction of settled phytoplankton. Our results differ from studies of muddy sediments which have typically found that sediment algae on the Louisiana shelf were derived from phytoplankton. Comparison of pigments from the sediment and bottom water suggested weak exchange of benthic and pelagic algae between the two compartments. Algal biomass in the sediment exceeded that of the overlying water column over much of Ship Shoal during the spring and summer. The high benthic algal biomass (equivalent to typical estuarine values) suggests benthic primary product (BPP) may contribute to the Ship Shoal food web and that BPP may be an important ecosystem component on the other large shoals found on Louisiana's inner shelf.
Characterization of the product specificity and kinetic mechanism of protein arginine methyltransferase 1

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) aid in the regulation of many biological processes by methylating specific arginyl groups within targeted proteins. The varied nature of the response to methylation is, in part, due to the diverse product specificity displayed by the PRMTs. In addition to site location within a protein, biological response is also determined by the degree (mono/dimethylation) and type of arginine dimethylation (asymmetric/symmetric). Here we have identified two strictly conserved methionine residues in the PRMT1 active site that are not only important for activity, but also control substrate specificity. Mutation of Met155 or Met48 results in a loss in activity and a change in distribution of monoand dimethylated products. The altered substrate specificity of M155A and M48L mutants is also evidenced by automethylation. Investigation into the mechanistic basis of altered substrate recognition led us to consider each methyl transfer step separately. Single turnover experiments reveal that the rate of transfer of the second methyl group is arginine residues located in the center of the peptide much slower than transfer of the first methyl group in Met-48L, especially for substrate where turnover of the monomethylated species 1 S. Gui, W.L. Wooderchak, M.P. Daly, P.J. Porter, S.J. Johnson, and J.M. Hevel, Investigation of the molecular origins of protein-arginine methyltransferase I (PRMT1) product specificity reveals a role for two conserved methionine residues, J. Biol. Chem 286 (2011) 29118–29126 51 is negligible. Thus, altered product specificity in M48L originates from the differential effect of the mutation on the two rates. Characterization of the two active-site methionines provides the first insight into how the PRMT1 active site is engineered to control product specificity.
Multiple disease resistance in roses against foliar and flower pathogens

Powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa var.rosae) and black spot (Diplocarpon rosa e) are the major foliar, destructive and wide spread diseases in rose growing areas. Resistance breeding in roses is a major priority both for field and greenhouse cultivation. An evaluation of about 800 rose varieties, hybrids and selections during 1988-1998 revealed 210 promising varieties. None of the variety showed resistance against black spot and 83 varieties were recorded as moderately resistant. Out of 96 varieties against powdery mildew, 12 showed resistance and 36 moderate resistance.
Promoção de crescimento em gramíneas forrageiras por rizóbios isolados de Lotus corniculatus

Recent studies have shown that rhizobia can colonize roots, stems and leaves of grasses, promoting plant growth. The production of phyto-hormones, mainly indole acetic acid (IAA) is possibly the main mechanism of growth promotion of grasses by rhizobia.The objective of this work was to quantify the production of IAA by rhizobia, and evaluate the effect of rhizobia inoculation on germination and plant growth of ryegrass, Brachiaria, Tanzânia grass and Pensacola. In this work were studied seven rhizobia native from Rio Grande do Sul soils, isolated from nodules of Lotus corniculatus and the strain SEMIA816 recommended for L. corniculatus. To quantify the production of IAA, the strains were cultured in yeast-mannitol (LM) medium, with and without tryptophan addition. Experiments were carried out in laboratory and under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the capacity of these bacteria to promote plant growth promotion. All rhizobia tested were able to produce IAA. All strains were able to promote plant growth in at least one of the grasses studied. In laboratory conditions, the ryegrass seed germination was anticipated in all inoculated treatments. Tanzania and pensacola grasses were the most responsive to rhizobial inoculation in greenhouse experiments, there appears to be certain specificity in interaction graminea / rhizobia. There is low genetic similarity between the rhizobia studied, which belong to the genera Mesorhizobium and Bradyrhizobium. 1/ M. Sc. dissertation in Soil Science. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. (58 p.). March 2011. Financial support by CNPq and LOTASSA Project.
SCOPE OF PHARMACIST ON FUTURE ASPECT

Pharmacy is a profession started in India early in 20th Century. Since then, it has undergone many changes educationally and professionally. The Profession of Pharmacy is Associate in Nursing integral a part of the aid system worldwide. Pharmacies are a well-organized follow will go an extended way to ensure quality health care for the patient. In past, pharmacists were answerable for dispensing medications solely. Slowly, the normal role of pharmacists is increasing and currently pharmacists are enjoying a significant role team member within the direct care of patients, especially the new generation pharmacists World Health Organization have Pharm. D. in the future, innovations in the discovery and development of newer medicine and dosage forms are used and personalized pharmacotherapy are propagated. The future pharmacist needs to bear in mind of those developments to advise the doctor and the patient to be a competent partner within the healthcare team. At the same time, the drug restrictive authorities in Republic of India and medical professionals have to be compelled to recognize the contribution of the pill pusher to society. Only then can the noble pharmacy profession be able to reach the level of greatness it deserves. Keywords : druggist, India, patient counseling, future, and unemployment.
Economic cycles of Mexico and their empirical regularities

Although the financial and social costs of Mexico’s economic crises are enormous, they have not been studied in depth. The objective of this research was to study empirical regularities of Mexico’s economic cycles. Using the Hodrick-Prescott method, time series of macroeconomic variable were filtered, comovements of the cyclical components of macroeconomic variables were studied and compared with the cyclical component of the real GNP. It was found that investment is more volatile than GNP, prices are acyclical, and investment and consumption are procyclical and highly correlated with GNP, while the investment cycle is contemporary to the GNP cycle. These results are consistent with predictions of the theory of real economic cycles and coincide with the regularities observed in economies of the USA and in those of other developing countries. Mexican anticyclical macroeconomic policies, in spite of their social cost, have not had any effect in attenuating cyclical fluctuations. Macroeconomic policy, when it does not encourage technical change and productivity, has important negative effects.
Glutathione transferases in maize (Zea mays)

The glutathione transferases (GSTs) of maize have been the most studied GSTs in plants, however much is still not known about these enzymes. In the course of the current study six GST subunits (Zm GSTs I, II and III, which have been reported previously, and Zm GSTs V, VI and VII, which have not been previously reported) have been identified in the dimers Zm GST I-I, I-II, I-III, V-V, V-VI and V-VII. Maize GSTs are known to be important in herbicide detoxification and the purified maize enzymes were each found to have differing activities toward a number of herbicides, and also a range of other potential GST substrates. Additionally, Zm GST I II and Zm GST V-V possessed glutathione peroxidase activity. The developmental regulation and chemical inducibility of maize GSTs were studied in maize seedlings using western blotting, with different subunits showing markedly different responses. Zm GST I was constitutively present in all plant parts and unaffected by chemical treatment, Zm GST II was only detected in young roots but was induced in roots and shoots by many different chemical treatments, and Zm GST V was present at low levels throughout maize plants, with levels enhanced greatly by treatment with the safener dichlormid but not by other chemicals tested. cDNA clones corresponding to Zm GST subunits I, III, V, VI and VII were isolated by library screening using antibody or DNA probes. The cDNA sequences for Zm GST subunits V, VI and VH were different from those of previously cloned type I (theta class) maize GSTs and were most similar to the auxin-regulated GST family (type III or tau class GSTs) previously only identified in dicotyledonous species. The cloned GSTs were expressed as recombinant proteins in E. coli, allowing further characterisation, including detailed kinetic analysis for recombinant Zm GST I-I and Zm GST V-V.
Gill metazoan parasites of tunas (Scombridae: Thunnini) from the western Mediterranean Sea: systematics, assemblages and use as biological tags

This PhD thesis describes the metazoan gill parasites of five tuna species from the western Mediterranean Sea, and analyses their assemblages, comparing the results with existing data from the Mediterranean Sea and other seas. It is the first comparative analysis of the parasites of tunas, and the most complete data collection on the gill parasites of the Atlantic and Mediterranean tunas. The final goal of this work is to achieve information to evaluate the usefulness of the parasites of tunas as tags for studies on host biology, ecology and migrations. Between 2006 and 2011, 356 fish were sampled from seven localities of the Mediterranean Sea: 72 Auxis rochei (Algerian Sea, Gibraltar Strait); 156 Euthynnus alletteratus (Algerian Sea, Balearic Sea, Gibraltar Strait); 35 Katsuwonus pelamis (Alboran Sea, Balearic Sea); 30 Thunnus alalunga (Balearic Sea); 63 Thunnus thynnus (Levantine Sea, Sardinian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea). Overall, 39 parasite species were found, belonging to Monogenea, Trematoda and Crustacea, adding 30 new records for this area and 14 new host records; didymozoid trematodes were the dominant group. A number of parasite species was shared between hosts, showing the existence of a wide parasite metassemblage. The rich metazoan parasitofauna found in the gills of the five tuna species seems to be a promising tool to infer information on the host biology and ecology. Didymozoids are likely the most useful group, but also monogeneans can be used with some caution.
NUTRITIONAL, SENSORY, AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF HERITAGE BRED CHICKEN AND COMMERCIAL BROILER MEAT

Animal production factors can affect nutritional composition and quality of poultry meat. Quality attributes and fatty acid composition were evaluated on breast and thigh meat with skin from free range, heritage bred chickens (>116 day of age) (HB) and commercial broilers ( 0.05) between chicken types without skin. Thigh meat had at least 2.41% more fat (P<0.05) than breast meat; however, breast meat had at least 2.33% more moisture (P<0.05) regardless of skin inclusion or chicken type. Heritage meat with or without skin had a greater amount (P<0.05) of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than CM regardless of chilling type and HB had a lower, more desirable ω6:ω3 ratio of 12.79 when compared to air or water chilled CM at 15.20 and 14.77, respectively. Heritage breast and thigh meat with skin contained 35.60 and 35.21% PUFA which was greater than (P<0.05) CM breast and thigh meat with skin at 20.96 and 20.45%, respectively. Whole carcass weight of CM, breast weight, and bone-in thigh weight was 71.30%, 148.0%, and 52.2% heavier (P<0.05), respectively, than HB weight. However, bone-in thigh yield was 2.1% higher (P<0.05) in HB. Commercial broiler breast and thigh meat was more tender (P<0.05) with higher myofibrillar tenderness and overall tenderness values and having less connective tissue than HB breast and thigh meat. Thigh meat from HB also had the highest (P<0.05) peak force values for Warner-Bratzler (3.47 kgf) and Allo-Kramer (7.22 kgf/g sample) shear tests. Thigh meat was perceived to be more juicy (P<0.05) and have more chicken flavor intensity (P<0.05) than breast meat. Heritage meat showed advantages in fatty acid profiles while CM meat showed advantages in yields and tenderness attributes.
Transformation in Escherichia coli

The process of taking up foreign pieces of DNA, like a plasmid, into a bacterial cell is called transformation. Transformation is a process that occurs in nature, although it is probably somewhat rare. A British medical officer, Frederick Griffith first studied the process, in 1928. Bacteria usually pass on extra chromosomal genetic material, like plasmids, during conjugation (bacterial sex) rather than relying on luck. But taking up plasmids can provide bacteria with certain genes that confer selective advantage, for example, antibiotic resistance. Under experimental conditions, however, it is possible to prepare cells so that about one cell in a thousand will take in a plasmid from the surrounding environment.
Genetics of laccase in Gaeumannomyces graminis, the take-all fungus

39 Introduction . 40 Materilas and Methods. 42 Strains, media and culture conditions. 42 Laccase purification and sequencing. 43 DNA/RNA purification.44 Genomic library construction and screening. 44 RT-PCR. 45 Competitive PCR. 46 DNA sequencing and analysis. 47 Nucleotide sequence accession numbers. 47 Results. 48 Cloning and analysis of laccase genes.48 Characterization of deduced laccases. 49 N-terminal peptide sequence analysis. 51 Characterization of the upstream regulatory regions of LACl, LAC2, and LAC3. 51 co ■sh in
Evaluation of the application for a new alternative processing method for animal by‐products of Category 3 material (ChainCraft B.V.)

Abstract EFSA received an application from the Dutch Competent Authority, under Article 20 of Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 and Regulation (EU) No 142/2011, for the evaluation of an alternative method for treatment of Category 3 animal by‐products (ABP). It consists of the hydrolysis of the material to short‐carbon chains, resulting in medium‐chain fatty acids that may contain up to 1% hydrolysed protein, for use in animal feed. A physical process, with ultrafiltration followed by nanofiltration to remove hazards, is also used. Process efficacy has been evaluated based on the ability of the membrane barriers to retain potential biological hazards present. Small viruses passing the ultrafiltration membrane will be retained at the nanofiltration step, which represents a Critical Control Point (CCP) in the process. This step requires the Applicant to validate and provide certification for the specific use of the nanofiltration membranes used. Continuous monitoring and membrane integrity tests should be included as control measures in the HACCP plan. The ultrafiltration and nanofiltration techniques are able to remove particles of the size of virus, bacteria and parasites from liquids. If used under controlled and appropriate conditions, the processing methods proposed should reduce the risk in the end product to a degree which is at least equivalent to that achieved with the processing standards laid down in the Regulation for Category 3 material. The possible presence of small bacterial toxins produced during the fermentation steps cannot be avoided by the nanofiltration step and this hazard should be controlled by a CCP elsewhere in the process. The limitations specified in the current legislation and any future modifications in relation to the end use of the product also apply to this alternative process, and no hydrolysed protein of ruminant origin (except ruminant hides and skins) can be included in feed for farmed animals or for aquaculture.