Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING THE OUTPUT EFFICIENCY OF PV SYSTEMS UNDER FAULT USING FUZZY-CONTROLLED DSTATCOM SYSTEMS

DStatcom based frameworks have demonstrated themselves to be successful as far as force quality improvement for dispersed frameworks. The force necessities of the present continuous burdens are commonly not fulfilled by a solitary force source, along these lines there is a need to add different buyer benevolent sources to the framework. These sources may add commotion and issues to the force framework, consequently there is a need to settle this force utilizing power frameworks. In this proposal, we have chipped away at improving the general force nature of a circulated age framework which consolidates electrical lattice-based age and photograph voltaic-based (PV) age. In any case, the voltage variety in PV age can result harm in client apparatuses and other force quality issues as side-effects. STATCOM based models have proven to be good in terms of improving overall efficiency of PV-based systems. In this paper, we propose a DSTATCOM based Fuzzy model to control the power of PV-based systems for maximal power output under different fault
Performance of Ant Colony Optimization Changing Characteristics of Pheromone Reaction

Recently, nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithms such as Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is developed. ACO is based on the feeding behavior of ant herds. In this study, we propose a new ACO in which the pheromone’s reaction improve on increasing at the number of repetition for Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The standard ACO has constant pheromone’s reaction. However, the pheromone’s reaction of the propose method has changing state and constant state. We compare the solution with ACO and the proposed method. We ﬁnd optimal rate of repetition times of changing pheromone’s reaction. Then, we investigate characteristic of algorithm according to rate of repetition times. Average of solutions that ACO has two states is better than average of solutions that ACO has only changing state.
Trajectory big data processing based on frequent activity

With the rapid development and wide use of Global Positioning System in technology tools, such as smart phones and touch pads, many people share their personal experience through their trajectories while visiting places of interest. Therefore, trajectory query processing has emerged in recent years to help users find their best trajectories. However, with the huge amount of trajectory points and text descriptions, such as the activities practiced by users at these points, organizing these data in the index becomes tedious. Therefore, the parallel method becomes indispensable. In this paper, we have investigated the problem of distributed trajectory query processing based on the distance and frequent activities. The query is specified by start and final points in the trajectory, the distance threshold, and a set of frequent activities involved in the point of interest of the trajectory. As a result, the query returns the shortest trajectory including the most frequent activities with high support and high confidence. To simplify the query processing, we have implemented the Distributed Mining Trajectory R-Tree index (DMTR-Tree). For this method, we initially managed the large trajectory dataset in distributed R-Tree indexes. Then, for each index, we applied the frequent itemset Apriori algorithm for each point to select the frequent activity set. For the faster computation of the above algorithms, we utilized the cluster computing framework of Apache Spark with MapReduce as the programing model. The experimental results show that the DMTR-Tree index and the query-processing algorithm are efficient and can achieve the scalability.
A recurrent idiotype on monoclonal anti-human Ia antibodies

We report a recurrent idiotype on a remarkably high fraction (4/19) of murine monoclonal antibodies specific for human Ia monomorphic determinants and elicited by separate immunizations. For three of them, the shared idiotype is associated with the antigen-combining site. These results indicate that the spectrum of mouse antibody responses to human Ia antigens may be based on recurrent idiotypes, suggesting a limited potential repertoire of murine monoclonal antibodies to human Ia antigens. Anti-idiotypic reagents might be helpful in dissecting this repertoire and to generate a mirror image of a human Ia antigenic map. Furthermore, antisera to the idiotype of antibodies specific for human Ia monomorphic determinants might help in elucidating the interactions between Ia molecules and receptors on immune cells.
Small Files Consolidation Technique in Hadoop Cluster

Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) usually has large number of small files which causes negative impact on Hadoop performance. The performance tuning in Hadoop jobs are difficult because of the lack of single performance tuning techniques. The performance of tuning is also based on the amount of data that is transferred during the production of hadoop jobs. To overcome this and to improve the performance, a tuning is performed on hadoop. This is achieved with a Small File Consolidation(SFC). The objective of the proposed Small File Consolidation (SFC) is to overcome some of the current challenges with respect to performance of Hadoop Cluster. SFC will consolidate many number of smaller files currently being generated in Hadoop impacting the performance. It will merge all the smaller files into a single file of preset size. The size can be dynamic based on the environment. Thus the proposed SFC will improve the query execution time by generating the result set quickly which will result the effective management of cluster usage.
Implementing Policies to Control Invasive Plant Species

Plant imports by the North American horticultural industry risk the accidental introduction of harmful nonnative species. An annual license fee paid by the industry would reduce this risk while raising funds for research, screening imported species, education, and the eradication of past plant invasions. However, implementing such a fee requires information on how long it takes introduced species to become established and on their spread rates and environmental damages. Implementing such a policy would be challenging in terms of the scientific data required to estimate the correct tax. There is also limited support among stakeholders for an annual fee compared with other policy options to stop invasives. The preferred policy is to screen all newly introduced plants and to ban those species with a high likelihood of becoming a potential invasive. Mandatory implementation of this scheme is preferable to voluntary implementation by the horticultural industry.
Is a Frequency Effect Observed in Eye Movements During Text Reading? A Comparison Between Developing and Expert Readers

ABSTRACT In the present study, the frequency effect was examined specifically in text reading in developing and expert readers. Third graders, fifth graders, and expert readers read the same short text containing high- and low-frequency words while their eye movements were recorded. The frequency effect was observed in temporal and spatial measures of eye movement in all participants. However, we found a greater frequency effect in developing readers than in expert readers, and also in 3rd graders than in 5th graders. Furthermore, the frequency effect emerged at an early stage, as soon as the first fixation duration in 3rd graders and gaze duration in 5th graders. In contrast, the frequency effect was observed only for total fixation in expert readers. We discuss these results within the framework of the computational model E-Z Reader to explain why the magnitude of the frequency effect could be different across reading levels.
Rectal cancer: Toward fully automatic discrimination of T2 and T3 rectal cancers using deep convolutional neural network

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy is known to reduce the local recurrence of locally advanced rectal cancer. However, the careful use of preoperative chemoradiotherapy is essential, because unnecessary over‐treatment can result in unintended complications. Therefore, a diagnostic system for distinguishing between T2 and T3 rectal cancers should be developed. According to the diagnostic criteria for rectal cancer, radiologists first identify the locations and the shapes of both the tumor and the rectum from a medical image and then diagnose the T2/T3 rectal cancer by determining whether the tumor passes through the rectal wall or not. We construct two distinct convolutional neural network models to achieve the automated segmentation of each rectum and tumor, respectively. Then, we construct another convolutional neural network model, which uses the output images of segmentation models as input and determines whether the tumor in the input magnetic resonance image is at the T2 stage or at the T3 stage. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method based on 290 magnetic resonance images from 133 subjects. The proposed model demonstrates an accuracy of 94%.
Seasonal changes in the position of the shoot apex of winter wheat and spring barley in relation to the soil surface

In many field investigations of cereal growth, stages of crop development may be described adequately using the Feekes scale (Large, 1954) or the more recent decimal code (Zadoks, Chang & Konzak, 1974). For example, the onset of stem extension (Feekes stage 6; decimal code 31) is frequently taken as a field indication of the switch from vegetative to reproductive growth. However, in investigations of the influence of soil properties, especially temperature, on shoot apex and leaf growth, it is important to know (a) the position of the apex below the soil surface during the early stages of development and (b) the timing of the rise of the apex above the soil surface.
Patterns in alpine seedling emergence and establishment across a stress gradient of mountain summits in south-eastern Australia

Background: Past research and ecological theory supports the hypothesis that alpine plants should be predominantly clonal, long-lived and reproduce by seed infrequently. Aims: To challenge the entrenched view that alpine seedling establishment is uncommon and perhaps unsuccessful in maintaining alpine plant populations. Methods: We looked for patterns in seedling establishment across a stress gradient of alpine sites and tested the notion that natural seedling recruitment would be reduced at higher altitudes due to a combination of stressful environmental conditions such as frosts, wind and extended snow cover. Results: Seedlings were common at all study sites and there was a partial trend in mean seedling density with altitude. Seedling emergence was best predicted by a combination of altitude, plant litter and soil wilting point. Many seedlings survived to become established plants (37–61%) but there was no significant relationship between establishment and altitude. There was low similarity between the seedling flora and the standing vegetation, suggesting that patterns in seedling establishment are unlikely to be driving the patterns in the standing vegetation assemblage. Conclusions: Although Australian alpine species predominantly reproduce vegetatively, this study shows that many plants depend on recruitment from seed in order to become established.
Demographic and Reproductive Traits of Western Chicken Turtles, Deirochelys reticularia miaria, in Central Arkansas

Abstract The Chicken Turtle, Deirochelys reticularia, is an understudied species despite the fact that it is distributed across much of the southeastern United States. In addition, no previous study has been conducted on the western subspecies, D. r. miaria, even though it is considered rare and possibly in decline within portions of its range. A capture–recapture study was conducted over 3 yr on a population of D. r. miaria in central Arkansas to determine demographic and reproductive characteristics. The population approached a male bias (1.9:1) and consisted of few total individuals (N = 42). Reproductive traits, including clutch, egg, and hatchling size, appear to be similar between D. r. miaria and eastern populations. Annual survival estimates were similar among males, females, and juveniles (0.70, 0.70, and 0.69, respectively) and did not change over the course of the study. Although low compared with most turtles, similar results have been reported for other populations of D. reticularia, which suggests that the species may have a different life-history strategy than that of most other chelonians. Due to this difference, management practices are likely to affect D. r. miaria differently from other turtle species.
Water Balance in Cucumis Plants, Measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, II

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to investigate the effects of changes in root temperature, of changes in the area of root in contact with culture solution and of day/night rhythm on the water balance of a cucumber and a gherkin plant. Results are discussed in terms of water potential, flow rate and resistance using a previously presented model of water balance. As long as water uptake alone is varied, flow rate and water content (or potential) will change in the same direction. In contrast, from that model it is predicted that changes in transpiration will affect flow rate and water content in opposite ways. An experimental verification of this prediction was given in the previous paper. Results obtained by the NMR method are compared to those determined using a dendrometer. The results demonstrate that the NMR method is a valuable tool to study plant water balance and that it can serve as a technique for discriminating between changes in plant water balance that are due to changes in water uptake by roots and those due to changes in transpiration.
Maximum Lifetime Analytics in IoT Networks

This paper studies the problem of allocating band-width and computation resources to data analytics tasks in Internet of Things (IoT) networks. IoT nodes are powered by batteries, can process (some of) the data locally, and the quality grade or performance of how data analytics tasks are carried out depends on where these are executed. The goal is to design a resource allocation algorithm that jointly maximizes the network lifetime and the performance of the data analytics tasks subject to energy constraints. This joint maximization problem is challenging with coupled resource constraints that induce non-convexity. We first show that the problem can be mapped to an equivalent convex problem, and then propose an online algorithm that provably solves the problem and does not require any a priori knowledge of the time-varying wireless link capacities and data analytics arrival process statistics. The algorithm’s optimality properties are derived using an analysis which, to the best of our knowledge, proves for the first time the convergence of the dual subgradient method with time-varying sets. Our simulations seeded by real IoT device energy measurements, show that the network connectivity plays a crucial role in network lifetime maximization, that the algorithm can obtain both maximum network lifetime and maximum data analytics performance in addition to maximizing the joint objective, and that the algorithm increases the network lifetime by approximately 50% compared to an algorithm that minimizes the total energy consumption.
Size Allometry in Mink (Mustela vison) Selected for Feed Efficiency

Objectives were to analyse absolute and relative size of mink at maturity, and to test effects of selection line, sex and interaction on size. For male and female mink selected for high or low feed efficiency, size at 30 weeks was analyzed for body weight, carcass weight, pelt weight, subcutaneous fat weight, and pelt length. For absolute size, an ANOVA model included effects of line, sex, and interaction. For relative size, two models were used: an allometric model and an extended allometric model, which included effects of line, sex, and interaction. For the ANOVA model, sexes differed for each variable; females were less than males. As a percentage of body weight, however, carcass weight was larger in females than males, whereas fat weight was smaller in females than males. For the extended allometric growth model, sexes differed for carcass weight and subcutaneous fat weight; females fattened faster than males.
Comparison Study on Colonization of hilA Mutant and Parent Strains of Salmonella enteritidis in Vertically Infected Broiler Chickens

Background : Salmonella actively stimulates its own uptake into the epithelial cells by inducing cytoskeleton rearrangements and membrane ruffling triggered by some proteins secreted by Salmonella into the cytosol of the epithelial cells via a type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded by genes of the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1). hilA is a transcriptional activator encoded on Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) genes. Methods : To assess the importance of hilA in a simulation modeling of vertical infection and shedding of S. enteritidis in broiler chickens a long-term experiment was designed. Two groups of 200 fertile eggs were inoculated with 20 colony forming units (CFU) of hilA mutant of S. enteritidis or its parent strain just prior to incubation. Thirty five birds of each group were housed in separate rooms. On days 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 of age, cloacal swabs from live birds as well as samples from internal organs (intestinal tract, liver and spleen) were evaluated by bacteriological or molecular methods. Results : In most of sampling days colonization and invasion of parent strain S. enteritidis in intestine (especially ceaca) and internal organs of chickens were higher with compared to its hilA mutant but this mutant strain could still colonize in intestinal tract and even invade liver or spleen. Conclusion : Colonization of hilA mutant of S. enteritidis indicated that hilA gene is only one part of the modulators in Salmonella invasion mechanism. The ability of hilA mutant to multiply and persist in host internal organs including ceaca may promise further research for potential of hilA mutant to prevent the initial colonization of the intestinal tract by a virulent S. enteritidis strain
Multiscale, presence-only habitat suitability models: fine-resolution maps for eight bat species

Summary To manage anthropogenic environmental change for the benefit of biodiversity, we must improve our understanding of the complex relationships between organisms and their environment. We have developed multiscale habitat suitability models (HSMs) for bats, a mobile group of mammals, for a geographically varied region of the UK. We ask whether the models have sufficient accuracy to contribute to informed decision-making in habitat management and in minimizing the impact of climate change and human infrastructural development. We used acoustic surveys supplemented by catching to gather presence data for eight species from 30 sites across the south of the Lake District National Park in NW England. Species were identified by manual and automated extraction and analysis of echolocation calls. Fine-resolution (50 and 100 m) habitat maps were generated at twelve spatial scales by calculating the variables across squares of increasing size, from 100 to 6000 m, around each focal 50 or 100 m square. Presence-only HSM software, MaxEnt, was used to determine the predictive power of each habitat variable at each scale. Multiscale models included data for each variable at the scale at which it had the strongest relationship with the presence of each species. The best multiscale models were selected using fivefold cross-validation, with backwards, stepwise variable removal, whilst minimizing residual spatial autocorrelation and sampling bias. Further tests with independent field data indicated good model transferability across the entire National Park. Foraging bats were generally most strongly associated with variables measured at small spatial scales and distance measures. However, each species responded differently across the range of scales, and strong associations were also found at the largest scale of analysis (6000 m). Synthesis and applications. The best models for determining habitat suitability had few variables, making them easy to interpret and use in practical conservation planning. The approach is applicable to any taxa for which reliable presence records are available, providing insight into the potential impacts of land-use and environmental change. Maps identify areas of conservation concern, such as hot spots for diversity, rare or vulnerable species and potential or threatened network corridors, making them useful for ecological impact assessment of proposed developments, and to conservation managers planning habitat creation or improvement.
Mobile device wardriving tools’ comparison: Nuku’alofa as case study

This paper describes the justification for a project to assess the security status of wireless networks usage in Nuku’alofa, the CBD of Tonga, By War Driving these suburbs, actual data was gathered to indicate the security status of wireless networks and provide an understanding of the users’ level of awareness and attitudes towards wireless security. This paper also takes the opportunity to compare the performance of the War driving tools that this study employed – GMoN, SWardriving, and Wi-Fi Scan. Wireless network communication remains a challenging and critical issue. This study takes an exploratory approach in which it allows the researcher to explore and dig deeper in to the data to find out the true status of wireless network security in Tonga. Not only that, it also allows the researcher to compare the performance of the tools based on the data. The results are very interesting, they indicate that, since the introduction of the fibre optic network, the usage of wireless communication technology grows as well. However, it is evident that wireless network security is still in its early stages. WEP encryption method is still in use, 24.2% with no encryption, and 9.2% did not change their SSID. In terms of tools’ performances, it is evident in this study that the SWardriving tool outperforms the GMoN and the Wi-Fi Scan tools
International Travel to the United States: An Econometric Evaluation. Peter D. Loeb. Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 9, no. 1, 1982, pp. 7-20. Pergamon Press, Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, New York 10523. $55 annual subscription

International Travel to the United States: An Econometric Evaluation. Peter D. Loeb. Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 9, no. 1, 1982, pp. 7-20. Pergamon Press, Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, New York 10523. $55 annual subscription. This paper investigates the effects of real per capita income, exchange rates, and relative prices on the exports of travel services from the United States to seven foreign countries. In addition, the study evaluates the effects of income, exchange rates, and relative prices on the exports total level of U.S. receipts from foreign travel. The analysis is conducted via regression techniques.