Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insights into the compositional evolution of crustal magmatic systems from coupled petrological-geodynamical models

The evolution of crustal magmatic systems is incompletely understood, as most studies are limited either by their temporal or spatial resolution. Exposed plutonic rocks represent the final stage of a long-term evolution punctuated by several magmatic events with different chemistry and generated under different mechanical conditions. Although the final state can be easily described, the nature of each magmatic pulse is more difficult to retrieve. This study presents a new method to investigate the compositional evolution of plutonic systems while considering thermal and mechanical processes. A thermomechanical code (MVEP2) extended by a semi-analytical dike/sill formation algorithm, is combined with a thermodynamic modelling approach (Perple_X) to investigate the feedback between petrology and mechanics. Melt is extracted to form dikes while depleting the source region. The evolving rock compositions are tracked on markers using a different phase diagram for each discrete bulk-rock composition. The rock compositional evolution is thus tracked with a high precision by means of a database with more than 58,000 phase diagrams. This database describes how density, melt fraction, chemical composition of melt and solid fractions and mineralogical assemblages change over crustal to uppermost mantle P-T conditions for a large range of rock compositions. Each bulk rock composition is composed of the 10 major oxides (SiO2-TiO2-Al2O3-Cr2O3-MgO-FeO-CaO-Na2O-K2O-H2O) including an oxygen buffer. The combined modelling approach is applied to study the chemical evolution of the crust during arc magmatism and related melt extraction and magma mixing processes. Basaltic sills are periodically injected into the crust to model heat/magma influx from the mantle. We find that accumulated sills turn into long-lived mush chambers when using a lower rock cohesion or assuming a higher intrusion depth. Associated partial melting of crustal host rocks occurs around densely distributed dikes and sills. High silica rocks (e.g. granites) are generated by partial melting of the host rocks, melt segregation within dikes, and from fractional crystallization of basalts. Although the volume of these rocks is relatively small in our models compared to rocks with a mafic to intermediate composition, they provide important information about the processes of magma differentiation within arc continental crust.
The Role of Manager Values the Impact of Ethical Codes on Competetive Advantage

In the international markets, where is a fierce competition, the success and permanence of enterprises that produce goods and services are crucially important for the countries that they are operating in. Being managed with corporate and ethical principles, embracing strategical management principles, being transparent and accountable are basic factors that enable efficient utilization of resources. The aim of this study is to observe the effect of the practices related to ethical management on having a competitive advantage in the companies operating in Borsa Istanbul (Istanbul Stock Exchange) and to determine whether the personal values of the executives play a role in that area and if so, to determine the direction of it. According to the results of structural equation modeling of the study, it was concluded that the ethical code practice has a positive effect on enterprises to achieve a competitive advantage. It was discovered that administrators' value trends create a “moderating effect” in terms of “openness to change” and “self-enhancement”.
Necrotizing enterocolitis following intensive phototherapy in full-term newborns – is there a possible association?

Abstract Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis is rare in full-term infants, and is currently not considered a known complication of phototherapy. Highlights: Three cases of necrotizing enterocolitis in full-term babies possibly associated to intensive phototherapy for treatment of early neonatal hyperbilirubinemia due to isoimmune hemolytic disease of the newborn. Conclusions: Although rare, the association between occurrences of necrotizing enterocolitis in full-term newborn infants and intensive phototherapy merits caution and clinical awareness to such possible complication. Presumptive explanation is that intensive phototherapy causes marked vasodilataion in the skin that may result in decreased perfusion of the intestine leading to ischemia and necrotizing enterocolitis. This calls for further studies to investigate the effects of phototherapy on the vascular bed in the gut and other vital organs that could have clinical implications.
Cash-for-Information Whistleblower Programs: Cure or Curse?

We examine whistleblowers’ and firms’ behaviors under cash-for-information whistleblower programs using lawsuits filed under the False Claims Act. Within the sample of lawsuits filed with the regulator, whistleblowers report internally in only 50% of the cases before contacting regulators, and only 30% of the cases are settled, raising the concern that cash-for-information programs trigger many meritless allegations. However, whistleblowers are less likely to report internally when firms’ governance is weaker, and such firms are less likely to initiate internal investigations or refrain from retaliating against whistleblowers. Finally, whistleblowers seem adequately compensated under cash-for-information programs and do not face as severe career consequences as documented in prior research.
Influence of management on vegetative reproduction of invasive species of Helianthus tuberosus in Poodri PLA

In this article, the authors deal with the influence of management on vegetative reproduction of Helianthus tuberosus, which is invasive plant in the Czech Republic and spreads uncontrollably in the Poodri PLA, where it displaces native plant species. We applied the proposed management (application of herbicides, mowing, engraving) on the study areas and then monitored the condition of the plant tubers.
Overcoming technical barriers to brewing with green (non-kilned) malt: a feasibility study

: Brewing using enzyme rich ‘ green ’ (germinated, but not kilned) malt has the potential to unlock considerable energy savings in the malting and brewing chain. This paper examines the major quality issues associated with green malt, by monitoring lipoxygenase (LOX) activity and S-methyl methionine (SMM) levels through a micromalting cycle both with and without root- lets after 48 h of germination. The data suggest that rootlets are a major concern when brewing with green malt and that their influence on wort and beer quality needs to be further investigated. Lipoxygenase activity and nonenal potential were measured following treatment under varying conditions of pH, temperature and pre-treatment. Results indicated that lipoxygenase activity can be controlled to a substantial degree by manipulating these limiting factors, while preserving diastatic enzyme activity. Green malt worts were then prepared from (i) whole green malt immediately post-germination; (ii) heat treated green malt (65°C x 1 h); (iii) re-steeped green malt and (iv) endosperm-rich extracts of green malt after the husk and rootlets had been removed; using laboratory mashing with a ‘ LOX-hostile ’ mash schedule. Data were compared with mashing of kilned pale malt made from the same green malt, as a reference point. Based on the present data, re-steeping of green malt in combination with a LOX hostile mashing environment (63°C, pH 5.2) could help to control LOX activity and the trans-2-nonenal potential of green malt. The resultant brewing process would need to be optimised to deal with the elevated SMM levels in green malt worts. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of the Institute of Brewing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institute of Brewing & Distilling amylase was measured using the Ceralpha Megazyme kit (Megazyme, Bray, Ireland), and reported as Ceralpha Units. Malt β -amylase was determined using the Betamyl-3 kit (Megazyme, Bray, Ireland) with results expressed in betamyl units (BU). Results are reported throughout on a dry weight basis.
Conceptualizing Psychopathy: An overview

Psychopathy is the most controversial and elusive construct of our times. Although the concept has been around for over 100 years, our understanding of psychopathy remains relatively opaque as there appears to be little consensus in relation to the definition and clinical characteristics of the disorder. The etiology of psychopathy remains largely unknown, whereas psychological treatments for psychopathic patients are marked by therapeutic pessimism, as these patients appear immune to any therapeutic intervention. Given the confusion and heterogeneity of psychopathy, this aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the conceptualisations of psychopathy, starting from the early historical forerunners to the most recent formulations of the disorder
Strong linearizations of polynomial and rational matrices and recovery of spectral data

Linearization is a classical technique widely used to deal with matrix polynomial. The main purpose of the thesis is to construct and analyze strong linearizations of polynomial and rational matrices. The first part of the thesis is devoted to construction of strong linearizations of matrix polynomials including structure-preserving strong linearizations and the recovery of eigenvectors, minimal bases and minimal indices of matrix polynomials from those of the linearizations. The second part of the thesis is devoted to construction of strong linearizations of rational matrices including structure-preserving strong linearizations and the recovery of eigenvectors, minimal bases and minimal indices of rational matrices from those of the linearizations. Fiedler pencils (FPs), generalized Fiedler pencils (GFPs), Fiedler pencils with repetition (FPRs) and generalized Fiedler pencils with repetition (GFPRs) are important family of strong linearizations of matrix polynomials which have been studied extensively over the years. It is well known that the family of GFPRs of matrix polynomials subsumes the family of FPRs and is an important source of strong linearizations, especially structure-preserving strong linearizations of structured matrix polynomials. We propose a unified framework for analysis and construction of a family of Fiedler-like pencils, which we refer to as extended GFPRs (EGFPRs), that subsumes all the known classes of Fiedler-like pencils such as FPs, GFPs, FPRs and GFPRs of matrix polynomials. We show that the unified framework allows us to construct structure-preserving strong linearizations with additional properties such as banded pencils with low bandwidth and preservation of sign characteristic in the case of Hermitian matrix polynomials. Moreover, we describe the recovery of eigenvectors, minimal bases and minimal indices of matrix polynomials from those of the EGFPRs and show that the recovery is operation-free. In particular, we describe the recovery of eigenvectors, minimal bases and minimal indices of matrix polynomials from those of the FPRs and GFPRs which has been an open problem. Rational matrices arise in many applications. Linearization of rational matrices has been introduced recently for solving rational eigenproblems. FPs, GFPs and FPRs for rational matrices have been constructed which are shown to be linearization of rational matrices. We introduce a strong linearization (referred to as Rosenbrock strong linearization) of rational matrices and show that structural indices of finite as well as infinite poles and zeros of rational matrices can be recovered from those of the strong linearizations. We show that FPs, GFPs
Reducing the Noise of Reality

Miller and colleagues (this issue) propose a novel and inspiring theoretical framework that merges systematic and representative experimental design. As such, the Systematic Representative Design (SRD) framework has the potential to move psychological science forward in a significant way. Essential to the authors’ proposition is the default control group (DCG), an experimental condition that leverages the possibilities of new technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) in order to create a close approximation to “real-life,” but with the affordances of a tightly controlled experience. With this innovation, Miller and colleagues attempt to solve the incongruous needs, common in so many experimental designs, between generalizability (to everyday life) and experimental control (to claim causality). Although the SRD framework could potentially result in a real shift in the way psychological research is conducted, it provides far from an ‘off the shelf’ solution. In particular the use of new technologies such as VR brings with it a number of complications of both practical and theoretical nature – that are not fully addressed in the target article. With this commentary, we aim to contribute to the discussion on improving experimental design and thus empirical psychological research in general, by drawing from our experience in designing digital, game and neurofeedback based interventions for mental health and behavioral change. Furthermore, we will suggest that there are important process similarities between SRD and game design, as well as common practical pitfalls. We will outline these links and discuss their implications in order to potentially further strengthen the SRD framework, especially for applied research purposes.
Factors Affecting Dairy Producers’ Participation in Dairy Processing and the Level of Participation in Bishoftu Town, East Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia

There are potentials for dairy production and processing in Ethiopia. However, producers are dominated by small scale dairy producers who sold fresh than processing to its products in Bishoftu town. Dairy producer’s participation in dairy processing was analyzed by objectives of factors affecting producers’ participation in dairy processing and level of processing. Data were collected through Censuses of 141 dairy producers and it was conducted by dividing them into three different scale farm producers. Accordingly producers who have 1-5 dairy cows were categorized as small scale producers, 6-10 medium scale producers and >11 dairy cows were taken as large scale dairy farms. Based on this classification there were 100, 34, and 7 small, medium and large scale dairy respectively in the town. Among these producers 25 small scale, all 34 medium scale and 6 large scale dairy producers were processors. It was assumed that all large scale were processors, but one producer was found to be non-processor and was omitted from census survey. So, the survey was conducted with 140 dairy producers in the town. Data were analyzed using econometric models, Heckman two stages. The result of the first stage probit model indicated that number of adults negatively affects producers’ participation in dairy processing; whereas total dairy output per cow and training affect positively and significantly. In Heckman second stage model, the number of adults in the household negatively affects the level of processing while total dairy output per cow, land holding, access to dairy processing equipment and dairy related training in dairy processing affect positively and significantly. Therefore, producers’ socioeconomic factors and institutional factors needed to be strengthened by supportive activities like training for capacity building of producers. Keywords: Dairy, processing, Censuses, Bishoftu, probit DOI : 10.7176/JRDM/61-02 Publication date: November 30 th 2019
The significance of ultrasonic investigation of the hip joint with dysplasia and congenital hip joint dislocation

The paper presents results of ultrasonography of the hip joint of 56 newborns with pathology of the hip joint detected by a clinical and ultrasonic screening, and 56 children aged from 1 through 6 months with dysplasia of the hip joint and a congenital hip dislocation. The ultrasonic examination gives an exact evaluation of the development of the joint. Measures of treatment were chosen with special reference to the patient's age and severity of the pathology. The terms of treatment depended on the age of the child and severity of the disease.
Switched Capacitor Integrated (2n + 1)-Level Step-Up Single-Phase Inverter

This article presents a novel switched capacitor (SC) based (2n + 1)-level single-phase inverter with a reduced number of components and input dc voltage supply. This inverter is designed in a way that just one dc source is required to generate different voltage levels. The circuit consists of three major parts, i.e., front-end boost stage, active SC cell(s) in the middle, and H-bridge inverter at the end. The total number of output voltage levels is up to (2n + 1) levels, where n ≥ 2 is the number of switching cells, which consists of three active switches and two capacitors. Compared with conventional SC-based multilevel inverter topologies, the proposed topology features many advantages, such as low number of semiconductor devices, quasi-resonant charging of capacitors that reduce the inrush current and current stress on the devices, self-balancing of capacitor, and reduced voltage stress on the switches. Moreover, a simple sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation technique is employed here to generate the modulation signals for the proposed inverter. The operating principle is presented in detail followed by comparative analysis, thermal modeling, and design guidelines. Finally, computer simulation and laboratory test results are carried out for a five-level inverter with one SC cells as well as a seven-level inverter with two SC cells as two examples to verify the performance of the proposed (2n + 1)-level inverter. Measurement results show that the proposed inverter has the 96.5 ± 1% efficiency over a wide range of load with a peak efficiency of 98.56%.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND BIOACTIVITY OF CHLOROFORM, ACETONE AND ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF HAEMATOSTAPHIS BARTERI

The plant Haematostaphis barteri is commonly used traditionally for the treatment of diarrhoea, wound, headache, malaria, dysentery and fevers. The aim of this work was to carry out the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of H. barteri . The results showed that flavonoids, terpenes, terpenes, tannins, and saponins are detected in all the leaf extracts. The result of the antimicrobial activity obtained from the chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaf of H. barteri revealed that all the crude extracts chloroform, acetone and ethyl acetate leaf extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella paratyphi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Penicillium spp. All the three extracts did not inhibit Aspergillus niger . Key words: Bioactivity , Haematostaphis barteri, inhibition, Organism
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with or without stem or progenitor cell infusion for people with compensated or decompensated advanced chronic liver disease

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with or without stem or progenitor cell infusion in people with compensated or decompensated advanced chronic liver disease. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with or without stem or progenitor cell infusion for people with compensated or decompensated advanced chronic liver disease (Protocol) Copyright © 2020 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 1 Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
A broken fenestrated tracheostomy tube fragment removed from the right main bronchus

Aspiration of a broken tracheostomy tube fragment is a relatively rare complication with the potential to result in serious airway complications. Case reports of tracheal fragment aspiration have been documented infrequently in the past, with the earliest documented case in 1960. What follows is a case report of an 80-year-old male patient whose tracheostomy was replaced a year ago. While at home, the tracheostomy broke and the fragment lodged in his right main bronchus. He was unable to recall when the tracheostomy broke and only presented to the ear, nose and throat clinic for his annual follow-up appointment. The discussion highlights similar reported cases and emphasises some concerns regarding the long-term use of tracheostomies.
Distribution and Dispersal Potential of the Endemic Tree Loblolly Bay (Gordonia Lasianthus) in the Southeastern United States Coastal Plain and Implications for Conservation in the Context of Forecast Climate Scenarios.

The development of the flowers and fruits of loblolly bay (Gordonia lasianthus) is described in detail. Tests of meteorological conditions affecting the opening and closing of mature capsules reveals that seeds are typically released only when relative humidity falls below a critical threshold of 67%. Seedfall tests indicate that differences in the expressed aerodynamic pattern may account for variation in observed seedfall densities and affect horizontal displacement.
A Virtual Community Member’s Referability Determination Model

This paper develops a “virtual community member’s referability determination” model applicable to virtual communities by which to measure the referable value of virtual community members. In terms of community dministrators, there are standard and fair member domain specialty management indicators to enhance the substantial effectiveness of knowledge contributors’ sharing behavior control. In terms of knowledge demanders, the cost of evaluating the members' referability is reduced, and the probability of obtaining the required and correct knowledge is increased. In terms of knowledge contributors, there will be precise and rational member referability evaluation scores, and the defects in the existing virtual community’s incentive mechanisms will be remedied. Thus, the circulation of less referable information can be reduced, with more community members being willing to share knowledge, with the accumulation of professional public knowledge becoming enhanced. Finally the utilization of virtual communities can be activated to catalyze continuous comprehensive development of virtual communities. In addition, this paper develops a Web-based system accordingly for case verification to confirm the feasibility of the methodology. The verification results show that when the system uses about 600 training knowledge articles, the performance of the inference indicators of system can be increased to 82%. Generally speaking, the system performance grows continuously with the periods and training load, and eventually reaches stable and good performance level.