Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apricot Nectar Processing by Pulsed Electric Fields

Application of pulsed electric fields to process apricot nectar by determining the pH, °Brix, total acidity, conductivity, color, non-enzymatic browning index, concentration of mineral ions, and retention of ascorbic acid and beta carotene as well as inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas syringae subs. syringae, Erwinia carotowora, Penicillum expansum, and Botrytis cinerea was explored in this study. Processing of apricot nectar did not cause a significant difference in measured attributes (p > 0.05). However, inactivation of all microorganisms was significantly increased with increased electric field strength and treatment time (p ≤ 0.05). Microbial inactivation data fit both the Weibull distribution and log-logistic model.
Comment on "Observation and modelling of HO x radicals in a boreal forest" by Hens et al. (2014)

Though as a researcher one is always happy when peers find one’s work useful and accordingly cite it, it is unfortunate when the respective paper is cited incorrectly. Hens et al. (2014) write “Studies on oxidation processes in monoterpene–dominated environments are rare. Direct OH reactivity measurements in a boreal forest, conducted by Sinha et al. (2008), and a box model study investigating the OH reactivity budget (Mogensen et al., 2011) revealed a significant fraction of ‘unknown OH reactivity’. ” Firstly, the reference of Sinha et al. (2008) must be an error, since that refers to a publication about the method development of the comparative reactivity method (CRM) together with first field tests conducted in the tropical rainforest of Suriname and the urban atmosphere of Mainz – but not in a boreal forest. We assume that Hens et al. (2014) instead are thinking of the paper by Sinha et al. (2010). Further, it is correct that Mogensen et al. (2011) found a large fraction of unaccounted OH reactivity; however, they did not reach that conclusion using a box model. Instead they presented the first model study of the total OH reactivity in a boreal forest using a one-dimensional column model with near-explicit chemistry (Boy et al., 2011; Mogensen et al., 2011). There exist earlier publications where the OH reactivity has been addressed using a 1-D model; for example, the OH loss has been simulated with respect to certain primary emitted organic compounds (e.g. Stroud et al., 2005). By including the dimension of the entire column of the boundary layer, we are capable of providing valuable information. For example, as shown in Mogensen et al. (2011), the reactivity of OH has a distinct vertical profile, which is obviously not captured by a box model. Due to practical limitations, one can only measure the reactivity of OH (and other parameters of any other compound) at one or a few points in space. To our knowledge, at the time of publication of Mogensen et al. (2011), there existed no publications describing that the OH reactivity had been measured at more than one height simultaneously at one site. Mao et al. (2012) had conducted such experiments in 2009; however, the article appeared later than Mogensen et al. (2011). Another exception is the aircraft measurements conducted by Mao et al. (2009); however those measurements did not capture the lowest part of the boundary layer. Mogensen et al. (2011) therefore gave the first hints about how the space-dependent canopy emission and boundary layer meteorology could affect the reactivity in a boreal forest. Hereby we got the first glimpse of how the reactivity of OH could look outside of that one measured height. After publication of Mogensen et al. (2011), several measurement and modelling papers have followed investigating the vertical dimension of the OH reactivity (e.g. Mao et al., 2012; Pratt et al., 2012; Hansen et al., 2014).
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF LINALOOL AND LIMONENE IN STREPTOZOTOCIN- INDUCED DIABETIC RAT: A COMBINATORIAL THERAPY APPROACH.

Objective: To demonstrate the efficacy of a protein glycation inhibitor (limonene) and antihyperglycemic plant component (linalool) in combination towards better management of diabetes Methods: Antihyperglycemic activity was assessed by OGTT and glucose uptake studies on diaphragm tissue. Protein glycation inhibition was studied using BSA as a model protein through fructosamine measurement. In vivo effect of mono and combinatorial therapy was assessed through oral treatment on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats Results: Linalool at 3mM demonstrated 1.3mg/g tissue glucose uptake in 30 min as against 1.5 mg/g uptake by 2 unit insulin. In combination with insulin it showed an uptake of 2.2 mg /g tissue. Limonene demonstrated 85.61 % inhibition of protein glycation at 100 µM while the positive control aminoguanidine demonstrated 88.02% inhibition at 1mM concentration. In vivo studies has demonstrated lowering of blood glucose, improved lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin. Combinatorial therapy demonstrated significantly improved kidney parameters viz. urine glucose, albumin and creatinine levels as compared to diabetic control rats. Conclusion: Combination of an antihyperglycemic agent with a protein glycation inhibitor is more efficient in control of diabetes.
Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Dispersions in Poly(ethylene oxide)

Dispersions of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) assisted by a lithium‐based anionic surfactant demonstrate an electrical percolation of 0.03 wt. ‐% and a geometrical percolation, inferred from melt rheometry, of 0.09 wt. ‐%. Both the melting temperature and the extent of crystallinity of the PEO crystals decrease with increasing SWNT loading. Raman spectroscopy of the nanocomposites indicates a down‐shift of the SWNT G‐modes and suggests that the nanotubes are subjected to tensile stress transfer from the polymer at room temperature.
Ultrasmall Phosphorescent Polymer Dots for Ratiometric Oxygen Sensing and Photodynamic Cancer Therapy

A series of semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) composed of phosphorescent Ir(III) complexes and polyfluorene units in the main polymer chains are designed, synthesized, and applied in ratiometric oxygen sensing and photodynamic cancer therapy. The ultrasmall Pdots with particle size less than 10 nm are fabricated in aqueous solution on account of amphiphilic nature of the polymers. The Pdots possess fine photostability, biocompatibility, and efficient energy transfer from the polymer main chain to the Ir(III) complex. By utilizing the excited‐state energy transfer from phosphorescent Pdots to the ground state molecular oxygen, these Pdots are applied in the optical sensing of oxygen with ratiometric and naked‐eye detection as well as high sensitivity in aqueous solution. The Pdots also show low cytotoxicity and can pass across the cell membrane to enter into the cytoplasm. The singlet oxygen photo‐generated from the Pdots under irradiation at 488 nm can effectively induce the apoptosis and death of tumor cells for photodynamic cancer therapy in vitro.
Small band gap copolymers based on furan and diketopyrrolopyrrole for field-effect transistors and photovoltaic cells

Four small band gap semiconducting copolymers based on electron deficient diketopyrrolopyrrole alternating with electron rich trimers containing furan and benzene or thiophene have been synthesized via Suzuki polymerization. The polymers have optical band gaps between 1.4 and 1.6 eV, optimized for solar energy conversion, and exhibit ambipolar charge transport in field-effect transistors with hole and electron mobilities higher than 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1. In solar cells the polymers are used as electron donors and provide power conversion efficiencies up to 3.7% in simulated solar light when mixed with [70]PCBM as acceptor.
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools

The Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools (CBITS) program is a school-based group and individual intervention designed to reduce symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and behavioral problems; improve peer and parent support; and enhance coping skills among students exposed to traumatic life events, such as community and school violence, physical abuse, domestic violence, accidents, and natural disasters. CBITS has been tested primarily with children in grades 3 through 8, as in the three studies reviewed in this summary. It also has been implemented with high school students. Students who have participated in CBITS evaluations have been individually screened for trauma and/or were exposed to a catastrophic weather event such as Hurricane Katrina.
Photovoltaic concentration at the onset of its commercial deployment

An overview of the field of photovoltaic concentration is provided taking into account that we think we are at the onset of its real commercialization. This belief is justified in this paper. It first contains a description of the different elements in a concentrator, stressing the challenges associated with each element, and then we describe briefly the different concentrators that we think are currently in a real pre‐commercial stage. Finally, we discuss a number of issues associated to the deployment of the field including cost, experience, and market tendencies. This paper goes on to summarize the Conclusions. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transport of Airborne Particles from an Unobstructed Cough Jet

This article presents analytical and experimental results for the velocity distribution and transport of expiratory particles from an artificial cough. The stream-wise penetration distance and velocity field of the cough jet were determined through a combination of dimensionless analysis and experimental techniques. The experiments were conducted in a well-controlled environmental chamber with simplified thermal manikins to simulate human coughs and buoyant thermal plumes, and involved flow visualization, velocity measurements employing high and low velocity hot-wire anemometers, and particle size and concentration measurement. The study analyzed three particle sizes—0.77, 2.5, and 7 μm—to examine the impact of particle size on particle transport in the cough jet region and in the vicinity of a receiver occupant positioned in close proximity to the coughing source. The results indicate that the cough jet has a lower axial velocity but higher span-wise expansion rate than a steady jet with an identical discharge velocity. The particles of three sizes have a similar trajectory when considering the transport in the cough jet region. However, particle concentration distributions of the three size particles show that size is an important factor for particle transport in the vicinity of the receiver occupant where airflow velocity decays to the room background air velocity. Furthermore, the results suggest that a cough jet is able to overcome the buoyant human thermal plume and travel further ahead in the region behind the receiver occupant. Copyright 2014 American Association for Aerosol Research
A new synthesis of pyrrolo(1,2-c)quinazoline from quinazolinium N-ylides: a re-investigation

The structure of the products obtained when generating quinazolinium-3-methylides in the absence of an activated alkyne has been investigated using X-ray diffraction and NOE experiments in high resolution NMR. All data are in agreement with a pyrrolo[1,2-c]quinazoline structure having aromatic and benzoyl substituents in positions 2 and 3 respectively, and a hydrogen in position 1, in contrast to previous assignments with hydrogen in position 3.
Edge dislocation core structure in lamellar smectic-A liquid crystals

The core of the smectic-A edge dislocation is resolved via simulation of a previously validated high-order Landau–de Gennes model. Simulations reveal that the smectic-A edge dislocation core is composed of a biaxial orientation field, in addition to a singularity in translational order, resulting from frustration between orientational and translational elasticity.
Dietary uptake in pike (Esox lucius) of some polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated naphthalenes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers administered in natural diet

The dietary uptake of 12 halogenated diaromatic compounds was studied using northern pike (Esox lucius L.) fed with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)). Before the trout were fed to the pike, they had been injected with a cocktail of five polychlorinated biphenyls, four polychlorinated naphthalenes, and three polybrominated diphenyl ethers, dissolved in rainbow trout lipid. The reported uptake efficiencies (E) were in the range 35 to 90% and differ in some respect from earlier studies. The E‐values for those substances with effective cross sections (ECS) >9.5 Å were considerably higher than expected if the membrane permeation at dietary uptake was restricted as proposed previously in the literature. There was no hydrophobicity dependency of the total dietary uptake efficiency as suggested by an earlier proposed empirical model. The difference between the results presented here and earlier studies is likely to depend on cotransport with lipids and/or proteins through a mediated, possibly active uptake of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) in the gastrointestinal tract enabled by the actual exposure method. For the proposed mediated/active uptake of HOCs, the uptake efficiency varied with molecular weight and was greatest for a molecular weight of approximately 450.
Potassium Extraction by a Cryptand to Supercritical CO2. The Role of Counterions Investigated by MD Simulations at the Water/SC–CO2 Interface

We present a molecular dynamics study of the K+ extraction by the 222 cryptand, comparing different counterions X− at the supercritical-CO2/water interface: X− = picrate “Pic− ” vs perfluorooctanoate “PFO− ” vs chlorinated cobalt dicarbollides CCD− vs Cl− . The distribution of the free K+X− salts is also investigated, showing different distributions, depending on the hydrophobicity of X− . The Pic− and CCD− anions markedly concentrate at the interface, as do the amphiphilic PFO− anions, thus attracting K+ cations near the interface. Similarly, in the M+ CCD− series with M+ alkali cations, the less hydrophilic Cs+ cations sit closer to the interface than do Na+ or K+. The simulations confirm the strong affinity of the 222 cryptand and of the K+ ⊂ 222 cryptates for the interface, with marked counterion effects. The most remarkable result is the partitioning of the cryptates and CCD− anions to the CO2 phase, i.e. on the pathway to full extraction. With the other studied anions, no “extraction” proceeds. When compared to the K+ or Sr2+ extraction by 18-crown-6, the results show that the effectiveness of X− depends on its relationship with the complex: CCD− forms separated ion pairs with K+ ⊂ 222, whereas PFO− forms intimate ion pairs with K+ ⊂ 18C6 and Sr2+ ⊂ 18C6. Addition of hydrophobic salts like CCD− Cs+ and cryptands in excess enhances the K+ extraction. Finally, the simulations on K+ ⊂ 222, CCD− solutions at increasing CO2/water ratio shows the evolution from a “flat” interface to microemulsions, leading to the extraction of cryptates.
SIMULTANEOUS ANTIMICROBIAL, WATER AND BLOOD REPELLENT FINISHING OF DISPOSAL NONWOVENS USING CTAB AND FLUOROCHEMICAL TEK KULLANIMLIK DOKUSUZ YÜZEYLERN ANTMKROBYAL, SU VE KANTCBTM LEMLERNN CTAB VE FLOROKMYASAL KULLANARAK AYNI ANDA GERÇEKLETRLMES

In this research, Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), as an antimicrobial agent, applied on polyester, polypropylene and viscose non-woven fabrics. Also, CTAB coapplied with a fluorochemical based water repellent agent namely FC1112. The antimicrobial, water and blood repellency of the treated samples were investigated. To reveal the antimicrobial properties of the treated samples, the zone of inhibition and reduction of bacteria were measured with S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeroginosa. The results showed a good antimicrobial property on different concentration of CTAB solutions (1%, 2%, 4% and 8%). Application of CTAB with concentration of (0.5%, 1% and 2%) on polyester, polypropylene and viscose nonwoven fabrics indicated a reasonable antimicrobial effect. Co-application of CTAB with fluorochemical on different samples also showed a good antimicrobial, water and blood repellency properties.
Privacy Issues in Social Networking Websites: Is Facebook Revealing Our Social Life?

With the proliferation and expansion of social networking websites like facebook, google+, myspace, etc., the most important question that arises in the mind of security analysts is that: ? Are these social networking websites enhancing our lives or exposing them to others? In this poster, the authors try to analyze the different privacy issues related to facebook over the years and try to answer the critical question asked before. As a conclusion, it can be inferred that a lot of information can still be revealed about an OSN (Online Social Network) user? s social life to third parties.
Multistage Zeeman deceleration of atoms and molecules

A modular multistage Zeeman decelerator consisting of an array of solenoids has been developed to control the velocity of cold, paramagnetic atoms and molecules in supersonic beams. The translational motion these atoms and molecules was manipulated with high precision by exploiting the interaction between their magnetic moments and timedependent inhomogeneous magnetic elds. Deceleration was achieved by pulsing high currents (up to 300 A) through the solenoids of the decelerator with pulse sequences calculated to preserve the phase-space density of the atomic and molecular samples while removing a preset amount of kinetic energy. For the operation of the multistage Zeeman decelerator, solenoids and electronic units were developed to generate strong magneticeld pulses (> 2 T) with rise and fall times of only a few microseconds. An accurate three-dimensional particle-trajectory simulation program has been developed to analyze the deceleration process and optimize its e ciency. This software was thoroughly tested by systematic comparison with experimental results and enabled, in combination with measurements, the complete characterization of the spatial and velocity distributions of the decelerated and trapped atoms for di erent sets of experimental conditions. The program was essential to achieve a complete interpretation of the dynamics of the deceleration process and to devise a strategy to e ciently load the decelerated atoms and molecules into magnetic quadrupole traps. In a rst experiment, hydrogen atoms seeded in a supersonic expansion of Kr have been decelerated from an initial velocity of 435 m/s to nal velocities as low as 107 m/s in a 12-stage Zeeman decelerator. The operation of the decelerator has been analyzed by comparing the results of numerical particle-trajectory simulations with those of independent measurements of the velocity distribution by ion time-ofight mass spectrometry following photoionization of the decelerated atoms. The velocity distribution of the decelerated atom cloud was found to have a half width at half maximum of 25± 12 m/s corresponding to a temperature of ∼ 40 mK. The phase stability of the multistage-Zeeman-deceleration process has been investigated by numerical particle-trajectory simulations and experimental measurements on deuterium atoms in a 24-stage Zeeman decelerator. A one-dimensional analytical model of the phase stability in a multistage Zeeman decelerator was adapted from a one-dimensional model of phase stability in a multistage Stark decelerator and compared with the results of oneand three-dimensional particle-trajectory simulations. The comparison, which included the analysis of the e ects of nite switch-on and switch-o times of the deceleration pulses, revealed that transverse e ects in the decelerator lead to a considerable reduction of the
The effect of network flaws on the elastic properties of vulcanizates

A treatment is given of the effect of network flaws due to the finite chain length of the primary elastomer molecules on the elastic properties of rubber vulcanizates. In this treatment full allowance is made for the elastically inactive material which exists either as sol or as loose ends of the network. The cases of linear primary molecules with either a random distribution of lengths or with uniform lengths are considered, and the results are compared with those of earlier theoretical treatments.
Effects of Balanced Pruning Severity on Traminette (Vitis spp.) in a Warm Climate

Canopy architecture, yield components, fruit composition, vine size, Ravaz index, and midwinter primary bud cold hardiness of Traminette grapevines were measured in response to balanced pruning treatments of 20, 30, or 40 nodes retained for the first 454 g of dormant pruning weight and an additional 10 nodes for each additional 454 g in 2006 and 2007. As pruning severity increased from 40 + 10 to 20 + 10, shoots per hectare decreased and the distance between shoots increased. Leaf area per vine and leaf layer number showed a linear increase as pruning severity decreased. As the pruning severity decreased, the number of clusters harvested per vine and yield increased. Fruit composition was not affected by pruning severity. Vine size and leaf area per unit of fruit weight were not affected by the treatments, but Ravaz index (weight of fruit per weight of pruned wood) increased linearly as pruning severity decreased in 2007. In 2007, as pruning severity increased, more nodes were mature by late fall and buds were more cold hardy in midwinter. Results suggest that in the absence of any measurable effects of disease incidence or adverse effects on fruit composition, the 40 + 10 treatment should be used in the lower Midwest of the United States, as it optimized yield with only a slight decrease in primary bud cold hardiness.
Changes in Physical and Dielectrical Properties of Carp Meat (Cyprinus Carpio) during Cold Storage

Research carried out on gutted and ungutted carps showed changes in physical and dielectrical properties during storage under refrigerated conditions. During the research, quality index scheme for carp was developed. In the conducted experiment, statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences in pH values between the gutted and ungutted fish, and between successive days in both groups, were not observed. Within 10 days of storage of the carps in refrigerated conditions, the Torrymeter values were steadily decreasing. Based on the results, the equations were set. Conductivity and electrical resistance were significantly correlated with Torrymeter readings on the head, tail and belly.
A simple preparation of phenols from diazonium ions via the generation and oxidation of aryl radicals by copper salts

The standard method of preparation of phenols from diazonium salts consists of heating the latter in highly acidic aqueous solution; the high temperature and acidity often cause a variety of unwanted side reactions. We advocate an entirely different procedure which can be performed in a few minutes in neutral solution at room temperature, or below. The method is based on our previous observation that aryl radicals can be oxidized to phenols by cupric ion and it consists of adding cuprous oxide to a dilute solution of the diazonium salt dissolved in a solution containing a large excess of cupric nitrate. In one case the presence of siIver(1) appeared to accelerate the radical oxidation. Not only is the redox procedure simpler than the thermal method, but in all cases studied to date, the yields are equivalent or superior to those obtained by the thermal procedure. In four cases in which the latter is unsatisfactory, the redox method is quite successful and it is considered the method of choice for new cases.