Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Barrier Detection Using Sensor Data from Multiple Transportation Modes

: Providing routes that are passable allowing movement by transportation modes such as wheelchairs or strollers requires accessibility information including details about the type and location of barriers. Earlier research detected the types of barriers using sensor data from people in wheelchairs and able-bodied people, but the amount and range of travel of people in wheelchairs is limited. Also, small barriers are not noticed by able-bodied persons since they tend to be easily ignored during movement. In our research, the goal was to detect barrier details using sensor data from various transportation modes. However, there are issues with the selection of barrier detection models for each mode and with the cost of collecting data. To overcome this model-selection problem, we propose a model that detects transportation modes and barriers in two stages. We also propose a method for reducing the cost of collecting data, with which we prepare a course with a smooth surface, collect data, and simulate rough surfaces by adding noise. We conducted three experiments to verify the e ﬀ ectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 91.5% in detecting six transportation modes, and showed that adding noise increased accuracy by 3.7 percentage points on rough surfaces. When detecting eight types of barriers, our method achieved an accuracy of 87.7% for walking with a stroller, and showed that adding noise increased accuracy by 6.8 percentage points on rough surfaces. Therefore, the proposed method is e ﬀ ective in detecting barrier details using multiple transportation modes.
BoostMeUp

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in mobile applications and devices for emotion regulation. Examples include biofeedback devices and mobile applications that help users manage their stress [1][2]. These technologies are often designed to help users reflect on their past or current emotions or prompt users to perform specific tasks (e.g., deep breathing exercises). Despite the utility of these solutions, users are often unable to use them while performing certain tasks, such as during a job interview or public speech, since the technologies often require users to shift their attention away.
ThingGate: A Gateway for Managing Traffic of Bare-metal IoT Honeypot

: The Internet of Things (IoT) malware keep evolving and utilize multiple vulnerabilities to infect IoT devices. Besides malware, human attackers also utilize various tools to access and collect variable information on the device. For instances, web UI of IP Cameras and routers are constantly searched and accessed if vulnerable. In order to observe and analyze such a variety of attacks in depth, there is an increasing need for bare-metal IoT devices as a honeypot, since it is costly to emulate device-speciﬁc vulnerabilities and complex functionalities from dedicated services. However, operating bare-metal IoT honeypots has unique technical challenges mostly coming from their low conﬁgurability as an embedded system. A bare-metal honeypot needs proper access control while it is allowing attackers to access its inside to some degree, such as ﬁlter out bricking commands and changes of critical conﬁgu-ration. From this observation, we propose ThingGate, a gateway for ﬂexible operation of bare-metal IoT honeypot. ThingGate employs a man-in-the-middle proxy to control and manage inbound and outbound tra ﬃ c of the bare-metal IoT honeypot. Moreover, it adds the functionality of web tracking, which is not provided by the web UI of the original devices. We evaluate ThingGate with seven bare-metal IoT devices and show that it successfully blocks unwanted incoming attacks, masks wireless access point information of the devices, and tracks attackers on the device web UI while showing high observability of various attacks exploiting di ﬀ erent vulnerabilities.
Psychophysical and signal-processing aspects of speech representation

This paper investigates a weighted LP C analysis of speechIn view of the speech production model, the weighting function is either chosen to be the short· time energy function of the preempha· sized speech sample sequence with certain delaysJ Or is obtained by thresholding the short·time energy function. In this methodJ speech samples are selectively weighted on the basis of how well they match the speech production modeL Therefore the estimates of the LPC coefficients obtained by this novel LPC analysis are more accurate than those obtained from the conventional LPC analysis. They are also less sensitive to the values of the fundamental frequency than is the case in the conventional LPC.
UNION SPRINGS FORMATION, MARCELLUS SUBGROUP (USA)

The high economic pressures have shifted the interest in shale resource plays from gas to gas condensates and oil. Geochemically, this is a shift in research perspective from mere knowledge of the organic carbon content of the host rock to the kind, maturity, and extent of heterogeneities in the distribution of the organic components of the shale. This is critical due to the direct relationship between organic carbon and gas storage, transport and deliverability. To investigate the extent of heterogeneities in the hydrocarbon distribution, a combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, total organic carbon analysis, and ultra-violet infrared spectroscopy were utilized. Shale for the study was sampled from the Union Springs Formation of the Marcellus Subgroup in Pennsylvania. Data analyses from a 10 x 10 cm grid locations show a range of total organic carbon values from 7.51% to 8.96% and an average of 8.13%. Every sample was dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons with E4: E6 values ranging from 2.96 and 3.66. In terms of functional groups, sporadic changes in hydrocarbon bonds were reported. These ranged from the presence of methyl or methylene a/symmetric aliphatic hydrocarbons to aromatic combination C -H, C=C stretching bonds at relatively short intervals. Heterogeneities in the kinds of hydrocarbon reported and their distributions were attributed to the variations in the paleoenvironmental redox conditions, source material, complex depositional history, temporal variations and varying sedimentation rates.
Hotspot Detection via Attention-based Deep Layout Metric Learning

With the aggressive and amazing scaling of the feature size of semiconductors, hotspot detection has become a crucial and challenging problem in the generation of optimized mask design for better printability. Machine learning techniques, especially deep learning, have attained notable success on hotspot detection tasks. However, most existing hotspot detectors suffer from suboptimal performance due to two-stage flow and less efficient representations of layout features. What is more, most works can only solve simple benchmarks with apparent hotspot patterns like ICCAD 2012 Contest benchmarks. In this paper, we firstly develop a new end-to-end hotspot detection flow where layout feature embedding and hotspot detection are jointly performed. An attention mechanism-based deep convolutional neural network is exploited as the backbone to learn embeddings for layout features and classify the hotspots simultaneously. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework achieves accuracy improvement over prior arts with fewer false alarms and faster inference speed on much more challenging benchmarks.
Quantifying the unfairness of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification

This paper investigates the fairness of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying competition via Monte Carlo simulations. The qualifying probabilities are calculated for 102 nations, all teams except for African and European countries. A method is proposed to quantify the degree of unfairness. Although the qualifications within four FIFA confederations are constructed fairly, serious differences are found between the continents: for instance, a South American team could have tripled its chances by playing in Asia. Choosing a fixed matchup in the inter-continental play-offs instead of the current random draw can reduce the unfairness of the competition. The move of Australia from the Oceanian to the Asian zone is shown to increase its probability of participating in the 2018 FIFA World Cup by about 65%. Our results provide important insights for the administrators on how to reallocate the qualifying berths.
Unconventional U(1) to 
Zq
 crossover in quantum and classical 
q
-state clock models

We consider two-dimensional $q$-state quantum clock models with quantum fluctuations connecting states with clock transitions with different choices for matrix elements. We study the quantum phase transitions in these models using quantum Monte Carlo simulations, with the aim of characterizing the cross-over from emergent U(1) symmetry at the transition (for $q \ge 4$) to $Z_q$ symmetry of the ordered state. We also study classical three-dimensional clock models with spatial anisotropy corresponding to the space-time anisotropy of the quantum systems. The U(1) to ${Z_q}$ symmetry cross-over in all these systems is governed by a dangerously irrelevant operator. We specifically study $q=5$ and $q=6$ models with different forms of the quantum fluctuations and different anisotropies in the classical models. We find the expected classical XY critical exponents and scaling dimensions $y_q$ of the clock fields. However, the initial weak violation of the U(1) symmetry in the ordered phase, characterized by a $Z_q$ symmetric order parameter $\phi_q$, scales in an unexpected way. As a function of the system size $L$, close to the critical temperature $\phi_q \propto L^p$, where the known value of the exponent is $p=2$ in the classical isotropic clock model. In contrast, for strongly anisotropic classical models and the quantum models we find $p=3$. For weakly anisotropic classical models we observe a cross-over from $p=2$ to $p=3$ scaling. The exponent $p$ directly impacts the exponent $\nu'$ governing the divergence of the U(1) to $Z_q$ cross-over length scale $\xi'$ in the thermodynamic limit, according to the relationship $\nu'=\nu(1+|y_q|/p)$, where $\nu$ is the conventional correlation length exponent. We present a phenomenological argument based on an anomalous renormalization of the clock field in the presence of anisotropy, possibly as a consequence of topological (vortex) line defects.
Trend detection Analysis of Seasonal Groundwater Levels in Arpa River Basin, Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh, India

Globally water resources of any region have become a major concern for planning and development of projects such as sustainable development of agricultural and food production projects, effective water resource management techniques and erosion and flood estimation and control methodologies etc. The available groundwater in the watershed is key factor, source of fresh water and important element for determining the availability of water to fulfil the different demand and agriculture mainly depends upon time of occurrence and amount of rainfall on any area to meets others numerous needs and demands such as hydropower water supply, industrial, domestic water supply. Changes in the land International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 6 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Q-anisotropy of qP waves in finely-layered media

Finely-layered media behaves as a transversely isotropic medium at long wavelengths. If the constituent media are anelastic, Q-anisotropy is described by Postma averaging for two periodic layers and by Backus averaging for an stationary sequence of many layers. In order to test the theory, we perform numerical simulations of wave propagation in a periodic sequence of sandstone and limestone and compute the Q-factor of qP waves as a function of the propagation direction.
Was That Sarcasm? – A Survey of Machine Learning Models for Classifying Sarcastic Comments on Reddit Using Word Embeddings

We explore the use of word embedding models to represent various Reddit comments as high-dimensional vectors and apply these vectors as inputs to a collection of classiﬁcation models to classify comments as either being sarcastic or not. Further, we compare the performance of word embedding models to traditional text-classiﬁcation techniques using a bag-of-n-grams representation. Five-fold cross-validation results on various models using 250 , 000 and 150 , 000 comments showed that a simple Bernoulli Naive-Bayes classiﬁers using unigrams and bigrams worked best, with validation error rates as low 30 . 9% . The more sophisticated vectors representations using word-embedding proved to be inadequate for classifying sarcastic comments, with validation errors ranging from 39 . 46% using an SVM with RBF change-of-basis classiﬁer, to 55 . 435% using Logistic Regression with L2 regularization.
Studies on molecular mechanisms underlying 5-ALA mediated fluorescence-guided surgery and the prognostic significance of CD44 in grade II/III gliomas

Title Studies on molecular mechanisms underlying 5-ALA mediated fluorescence-guided surgery and the prognostic significance of CD44 in grade II/III gliomas [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review] Author(s) 侯, 崇� Citation 北海道大学. 博士(医学) 甲第14036号 Issue Date 2020-03-25 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/78167 Rights(URL) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Type theses (doctoral abstract and summary of review) Note 配架番号:2527 Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information Hou_Chongxian_abstract. pdf (論文内容の要旨)
An unusual coupled mode in the tropical Pacific during 2004

The sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) of tropical Pacific in the boreal summer of 2004 show a tripolar pattern with warm SSTA in the central tropical Pacific flanked on both sides by cold SSTA. It is found that the phenomenon involves equatorial coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics that are different from the conventional El Niño; the peak warming of the SSTA is confined to the central equatorial Pacific until boreal winter instead of propagating to the east. Anomalous twin Walker circulation cells associated with the SSTA give rise to rainfall anomalies that also form a tripole. Because of this unique nature, we distinguish this condition as El Niño Modoki (Pseudo El Niño) a new coupled phenomenon. Similar strong events are also observed in 1986, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994 and 2002 since 1979.
Ontogenetic changes in head scale symmetry in the pygmy bluetongue lizard

ABSTRACT Fluctuating asymmetry (FA, small and random deviations from perfect symmetry in otherwise bilaterally symmetrical traits) has been used as a monitoring tool for species at risk. Differences in the levels of FA in a trait are attributed to the different levels of environmental or genetic stressors during the developmental phase of an organism. In this study, we used a symmetry index (SI) in the head scales of the endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard, Tiliqua adelaidensis, to investigate the relationship between the SI and jaw width (JW) (as an indirect measure of fitness) among lizards from different age classes (neonate, subadult and adult) to shed light on the ontogeny of symmetry. Also, we explored changes in the levels of symmetry among different age classes to determine possible selection processes. Our findings showed that there was a positive relationship between the SI and JW in neonates (individuals with larger jaws were more symmetric) whereas the trend was reversed in adults (individuals with larger jaws were less symmetric). The relationship was not significant in subadults. This confirms that a transition happened during the growth of lizards. We suggest this resulted from adults allocating more resources to the growth rather than symmetry of head scales. We found no significant differences in the mean SI between adults and neonates, although subadults showed significantly higher values of the SI. This study has revealed some valuable insights into ontogenetic changes in symmetry of head scales in pygmy bluetongue lizards, but it did not provide any evidence that survival from neonate to adult is influenced by head scale symmetry.
Lane Line Detection via Deep Learning Based- Approach Applying Two Types of Input into Network Model

Lane line detection is one of the important modules for Advanced Driver-Assistance System (ADAS) that are applied in the autonomous vehicle. This module work by exhibit the position of the road lane marking and providing the details of the geometrical features of the lane line structures into the intelligent system. This paper proposes the lane line marking detection using Fully Convolutional Neural Network (FCN) model by investigating the two types of input fed into the networks. RGB- channel (Red, Green, Blue) and Canny edge were used as the inputs to develop in the FCN model. The FCN approach has been proposed as one of the solution methods in mitigating the road lane detection issues due to its great performance in the application of objects detection in image or video. Previously, the RGB-channel is widely applied in the deep learning method meanwhile, the Canny-edge input has not been applied yet in the deep learning method. Therefore, this study investigates the further performance of this model by applying the canny edge as addition input besides applying only the RGB-channel. The data collections were acquired from real-time data collection. The result shows that the FCN model with the canny edge achieved a slight improvement with 96% compared to FCN with the RGB-channel with 92%.
Faecal sludge to fuel: revenue to improve sanitation services

water to a centralized treatment plant. But disposal systems of this kind require large amounts of water and energy as well as skilled operation and continuous maintenance. In Switzerland, the total costs of sanitation are CHF 1.69 billion per year, or CHF 232 per person [1]. Such infrastructure is not feasible in low-income countries, and a billion people worldwide lacking access to sanitation have to defecate in the open. Another 2.7 billion people use on-site sanitation technologies such as pit latrines or septic tanks, which are not connected to a sewer [2]. These kinds of facilities are more affordable than sewer-based systems and can provide sustainable sanitation if they are Fig. 1: Sanitation needs for most urban residents in sub-Saharan Africa are met by on-site sanitation technologies such as pit latrines and septic tanks. M or itz G ol d Cities in sub-Saharan Africa grapple with the management of faecal sludge from on-site sanitation technologies. There is a lack of funding for sanitation services, resulting in the dumping of faecal sludge directly in the urban environment. Revenues generated from using dried faecal sludge as a combustible fuel in industries could provide an incentive to improve faecal sludge collection, transport and treatment services. By Moritz Gold and Linda Strande Faecal sludge to fuel: revenue to improve sanitation services
The Effect of Extra Corporeal Shock Wave Therapy versus Ultrasound Therapy in Patients with Myofascial Pain Syndrome in Trapezius Muscle

Aim: To evaluate the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) versus ultrasound therapy (US) in myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) of trapezius muscle Methods: Sixty patients with active myofascial trigger points (MTrP) in the trapezius muscle were included. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups , group I consisted of 30 patients received four sessions of combined radial and focus ESWT protocol (once/week) and group II consisted of 30 patients treated with ultrasound therapy for total of 12 sessions over 4 weeks (3 sessions /week). The efficacy of the therapy was evaluated prior to therapy and 4 weeks after treatment initiation using the number of active trigger points , visual analogue scale of both local and referred pain, the tenderness grading scale, Neck Disability Index Scale (NDI), The Constant-Murley score (CMS),the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and patients’ satisfaction after therapy . Results: There was no significant difference found between groups in age, sex, occupation and disease duration. There were no withdrawals from the study or any significant complications. In both Groups there was significant improvement in all clinical parameters compared with baseline after 4weeks of therapy initiation. When comparing both groups after 4 weeks of therapy, there was significant improvement in all clinical parameters in Group 1 more than that in Group II. Conclusion: ESWT is effective to relieve pain, anxiety and improves function in patients with myofascial pain syndrome. Further studies with a larger number of participants and longer follow up period will be needed.
Expectations for the Future Life of Floating People in Mega-Cities: A Study of In-Migrants in Beijing, China

This paper aims to contribute to the theorisation of the expectations for the future life (EFL) of floating people whose household registration books (hukou) are not registered locally in China’s mega-cities. Although the EFL of many rural-urban migrants is explicit, the EFL type of other floating cohorts such as educated migrants and the formation mechanism of EFL of floating people are much less well understood. We argue that EFL is a person’s pre-judgment or estimation of living conditions in the future based on his/her perception of current human well-being or utility of life and its main concern is whether he/she expects to live in the mega-city in the future. Based on the social production functions (SPF) theory, three types of EFL for floating population are identified by using data collected from in-depth interviews with 30 Beijing’s migrants. This paper reveals that the EFL of floating population is formed by comparing their current actual utility of life with the “normative utility” in the specific life course stage, which is the life utility that people should have in their specific life course stage expected by the society. Finally, these findings are checked out that the theoretical saturation has been reached by applying another 9 copies of transcripts of interviewees.
cDNA-AFLP study of gene expression during somatic embryogenesis in Fraxinus angustifolia Vhal.

Summary Transcriptional changes during somatic embryo development in Fraxinus angustifolia have been analysed by the cDNA-AFLP technique. Polymorphic Transcript Derived Fragments (TDFs), potentially useful for molecular physiological characterisation of somatic embryogenesis in F. angustifolia, were observed. Of 143 TDFs, 15 were sequenced and some showed high similarity with known gene sequences. In particular, TDFs of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, leuco-anthocyanidin dioxygenase and three retrotransposon-like sequences were expressed differentially during the four stages of somatic embryo development. The patterns of expression of these genes, and the potential role(s) of their products in controlling somatic embryogenesis are discussed.