Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental studies and optimization of a novel triple-evaporator refrigeration cycle with dual-nozzle ejector using low GWP refrigerants

In this work, a novel dual-nozzle ejector enhanced triple-evaporator refrigeration cycle (DETRC) without separator is proposed to improve the performance of the conventional ejector one (CETRC). The performance of DETRC is analyzed and compared with CETRC in term of energy coefficient of performance (COPen). Under given operating conditions, the COPen improvement of the novel cycle could reach about 24.35% which shows the excellent energy-saving potential of DETRC in comparison with CETRC. Then, a comprehensive comparison between R717, R600a, R1234yf and R290 as low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants of DETRC is conducted from the energy, exergy, economic and environmental impact (EI) aspects. It is observed that R717 gives better energetic and exergetic performances by 3.21 and 0.583 and R1234yf causes the lowest total product cost and EI rates of 8.186 $/h and 0.665 Pts/h, respectively for DETRC. Moreover, increasing the high evaporating temperature improves all desired performances of DETRC, simultaneously due to the reduction of compressor consumed power. Finally, a multi-objective optimization based on an evolutionary algorithm and LINMAP decision making are carried out to ascertain the optimum exergetic, economic and EI performances of DETRC for each refrigerant.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Qualia structures and their impact on the concrete noun categorization task

Automatic acquisition of qualia structures is one of the directions in information extraction that has received a great attention lately. We consider such information as a possible input for the word-space models and investigate its impact on the categorization task. We show that the results of the categorization are mostly influenced by the formal role while the other roles have not contributed discriminative features for this task. The best results on 3-way clustering are achieved by using the formal role alone (entropy 0.00, purity 1.00), the best performance on 6-way clustering is yielded by a combination of the formal and the agentive roles (entropy 0.09, purity 0.91).
Rheological contrast between garnet and clinopyroxene

20 Garnet clinopyroxenites occur within foliated dunite in the Higashi-akaishi 21 peridotite mass, located within the subduction-type high-pressure/low-temperature 22 Sanbagawa metamorphic belt. The garnet clinopyroxenites contain 3–80% garnet, and 23 garnet and clinopyroxene are homogeneously distributed. Garnet crystals contain 24 extensive, regular dislocation arrays and dislocation networks, suggesting that dislocation 25 creep was the dominant deformation mechanism. Analyses of crystallographic orientation 26 maps indicate similar grain sizes and aspect ratios for garnet and clinopyroxene, regardless 27 of modal composition, indicating that these minerals deformed with similar degree of 28 plasticity. However, indexes of crystallographic fabric intensity (i.e., J-index and M29 index) for both garnet and clinopyroxene tend to increase with increasing modal 30 composition of garnet, suggesting that the two minerals deformed under similar degree of 31 plasticity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that water content in 32 garnet is ~60 ppm, whereas that in clinopyroxene is ~70 ppm, whereas olivine crystal33 preferred orientations in the Higashi-akaishi peridotite mass, characterized by [001](010), 34 are thought to have developed during deformation under wet conditions. Consequently, 35 we argue that the presence of water could act to enhance garnet plasticity during 36 deformation. The results reveal contrasting influences of water on the deformation of 37 garnet and diopside: under wet conditions compared with dry, the strain rate increases by 38 two orders of magnitude for garnet but by an order of magnitude for diopside. Given the 39 influence of water on the creep strength of garnet, garnet within the Higashi-akaishi mass 40 may have become significantly as weak as clinopyroxene during deformation. 41 42
Screening of Di-2-Ethyl Hexyl Phthalate (DEHP) Degrading Bacteria and its Characterization by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Phthalates are a group of compounds employed in the fabrication of plastics and diverse other industrial applications (Lin Y. et al., 2018). Phthalates are released into various ecosystems: land, water and air because of their expanded application (Zhang L. et al., 2015 and Zhang Y. et al., 2015). If there is an increase in phthalate level then the ladies would had been related with endometriosis and gestational duration with precocious breast development (Toft G. et al., 2012). DEHP could cause central nervous system inhibition and renal injury in mice due to its significant lethal or mutagenic effects (Gao et International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 5 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Determination of nephrotoxicity and genotoxic potential of silver nanoparticles in Swiss albino mice

ABSTRACT Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess properties that are important for industrial and medical applications. This study is aimed to investigate intra-peritoneal toxicity of AgNPs at 26, 52 or 78 mg/kg/day for 5 days in mice Swiss albino mice. The effects on oxidative stress markers activities of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), levels of serum glutathione (GSH), apoptosis (TUNEL assay), DNA strand breaks (comet assay) in lymphocytes, as well as histopathological of kidney tissue were determined. AgNPs significantly increased SOD and CAT activities reduced GSH levels. In kidney apoptosis (TUNEL assay) while DNA strand breaks (comet assay) in lymphocytes revealed that AgNPs at concentration 78 mg/kg produced significant apoptosis and DNA damage. AgNPs also produced associated histological renal tissue damage. Evidence suggests that AgNPs-mediated alterations may be attributed to oxidative stress.
İran’da Şehir Güvercinlerinde (Columba livia domestica) Kan, Karaciğer ve Kas Dokularında Chlamydophila psittaci’nin Moleküler Metotlarla Belirlenmesi ve Prevalansı

Chlamydophila psittaci (C. psittaci) is a widespread pathogenic bacterium in pigeons. These animals are mostly infected without any clinical signs. Pigeons are probably the most commonly reported chlamydia-infected avian species. Shedding of Chlamydia from infected birds has been widely reported. This study was conducted to detect and to determine the prevalence of C. psittaci in the blood, liver and muscle tissue of urban pigeons in Iran using conventional polymerase chain reaction. In this study, authors used 90 pigeons from different retail shops across Iran. The study was including 26 female and 64 male pigeons with suspected Chlamydiosis based on clinical signs. During examination of the corpses we took 270 samples in total, including blood, liver and muscle tissue from each animal. C. psittaci was detected in 16 (17.78%) blood samples, 14 (15.56%) liver samples and 5 (5.56%) samples of muscle tissue. This study supports the fact that pigeons serve as carriers of C. psittaci. Therefore, continuous surveillance of this bacterium will go along way in understanding the distribution and risks associated with Chlamydia infected pigeons. This will be beneficial in prevention and control risks of infection in humans.
Capture-Recapture and Removal Methods for Sampling Closed Populations

The problem of estimating animal abundance is common in wildlife management and environmental impact asessment. Capture-recapture and removal methods are often used to estimate population size. Statistical Inference From Capture Data On Closed Animal Populations, a monograph by Otis et al. (1978), provides a comprehensive synthesis of much of the wildlife and statistical literature on the methods, as well as some extensions of the general theory. In our primer, we focus on capture-recapture and removal methods for trapping studies in which a population is assumed to be closed and do not treat open-population models, such as the Jolly-Seber model, or catch-effort methods in any detail. The primer, written for students interested in population estimation, is intended for use with the more theoretical monograph.
Ecological Correlates of Carbon Isotope Composition of Leaves: A Comparative Analysis Testing for the Effects of Temperature, CO 2 and O 2 Partial Pressures and Taxonomic Relatedness on δ 13 C

1 In order to eliminate the possible effects of relatedness on associations between carbon isotope composition (6 '3C) and the altitudinal and latitudinal distributions of plant species, we have reanalysed previously published data sets using information on taxonomic relationships. 2 Although there was a significant positive effect of altitude on, we did not find the effect of latitude reported in previous studies in either of the two comparisons testing the effect of this factor. When altitude was not controlled for statistically, plant lifeform had a significant effect on 613C, with more negative 613C values in plants of greater height (forbs < shrubs < trees), and for woody plants relative to forbs. 3 However, when 6 I3C was compared among life-forms within an altitude category, life-form had no effect on carbon isotope composition for any of the three altitude categories. 4 We conclude that differences in atmospheric composition (CO2 and 02 partial pressures), as represented by altitude, are sufficient to explain observed differences in carbon isotope composition. 5 We recommend that the evolutionary comparative techniques applied here should be adopted when multispecific data sets are analysed for the purpose of inferring functional relationships in plant ecology.
Effect of level and source of supplemental tannin on growth performance of steers during the late finishing phase

ABSTRACT Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of tannin supplementation of steers during the feedlot finishing phase. In Trial 1, 96 Holstein steers (478 ± 6.5 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of level of supplemental condensed tannin (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% of dry matter basis) on growth performance. Supplemental tannin increased (6.5%, P = 0.05) weight gain, gain efficiency (5.5%, P = 0.04), and tended to increase dietary net energy (3.2%, P = 0.06). In Trial 2, 96 Holstein steers (392 ± 4 kg) were used to evaluate the effect of tannin sources on growth performance. Treatments consisted of a steam-flaked corn diet supplemented with (1) no supplemental tannin, (2) 0.6% condensed tannin, (3) 0.6% hydrolysable tannin, and (4) a blend of 0.3% condensed and 0.3% hydrolysable tannin. Tannin supplementation tended to increase average daily gain (ADG, 6.8%, P = 0.08) and dry matter intake (DMI, 4%, P = 0.04). It is concluded that tannin supplementation promotes greater DMI, and hence, ADG of steers during the finishing feedlot phase. The basis for this effect on feed intake is not certain, but is apparently independent of potential tannin effects on metabolizable protein supply. Source of supplemental tannin (condensed vs. hydrolysable) have minimal effects on overall growth performance response to supplementation.
Dichogamy and its Relevance in Fruit Crops: An Overview

Fruit crops, most of them being perennial, are highly heterozygous in nature. Fruitfulness and improvement both are greatly restrained by complex genetic nature and several crossability barriers. Various mechanisms, act as crossing barriers in fruit crops, are dioecy, monoecy, heterostyly, dichogamy and incompatibility (self and cross). These barriers intervene not only in improvement process by making most of the crosses (on the basis of traits) problematic or rather impossible but also in achieving maximum productivity by hampering unimpeded pollination. The complete understanding of these mechanisms is mandatory for improvement as well as yield maximization in fruit crops. The present paper will stress upon one of the most prevalent crossing barrier systems in fruit crops i.e. dichogamy. As everyone know that most of the fruit crops produce hermaphrodite flowers. The efficiency of pollen removal and deposition of pollinators (Barrett, 2002) and reproduction assurance (Fenster and Marten-Rodriguez, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 8 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
On the Implementation of Non Local Means Speckle Filter for Hybrid PolSAR data

The non local means (NLM) filter for SAR and PolSAR data have best performance in terms of speckle reduction and preservation of sharp details. The speckle filtering of hybridpol data based on Stokes vector is absent in the literature. In this paper, the non local means speckle reduction algorithm is implemented for hybrid-pol SAR data in Stokes data format. The possibilities of using Stokes based NLM filter for hybrid-pol data is explored by evaluating the performance of filter for extent of speckle reduction, preservation of statistics, preservation of edges and classification results. The filter is applied to synthesized hybrid-pol data from full pol RADARSAT-2 data captured over San Fransisco bay region. The algorithms are compared based on visual results, ENL, mean and standard deviation for estimated noise, edge preservation degree of ratio of average (EPD-ROA) and classification results with and without using speckle filters. It can be observed from the presented visual results that granular appearance is smoothened up for the homogeneous region (sea area) and edges & sharp details are preserved for heterogeneous regions. Further, numerically, Table II shows that polarimetry property of hybrid-pol data is not altered with despeckling. The Stokes based NLM filter provides a good trade-off in terms of performance measures considered in this paper.
A revision of Mucuna (Leguminosae : Phaseoleae) in Thailand, Indochina and the Malay Peninsula

An account of the 13 species of Mucuna Adans. found in Thailand, Indochina and the Malay Peninsula is offered, with keys and distribution maps. Three new species, M. stenoplax and M. revoluta Wilmot-Dear, and M. thailandica Niyomdham & Wilmot-Dear, are described. One previously recognized species, M. brevipes Craib, is reduced to synonymy under M. bracteata DC. ex Kurz. New species records for E. Asia and Burma, and additions to E. Asian distributions, are also noted. All specimens cited have been seen.
Models to predict the effects of environmental flow releases on wetland inundation and the success of colonial bird breeding in the Lachlan River, NSW

River regulation and water extraction have substantially reduced the flooding of wetlands along inland NSW rivers. More natural inundation regimes are being restored through specific environmental water allocations via water sharing plans. The Integrated Quantity and Quality hydrological model (IQQM) has been developed to support water management planning, including more recently the allocation and management of environmental water. IQQM runs can simulate long-term flow conditions without the effects of flow regulating structures (‘undeveloped’) as well as current and revised river flow scenarios. In this study, the effects of environmental flow releases on riparian wetland inundation are predicted by adding simple wetland hydrological data to the Lachlan River IQQM. This modelling indicates that when most environmental flows are delivered (June-November) there is a significant (P < 0.001) interaction between the flow scenario (1993/4 cap, 2004 Water Sharing Plan or undeveloped) and wetland type (mid-Lachlan billabong, lower Lachlan billabong or lower Lachlan swamp) inundation frequency. Lower Lachlan and, to a lesser extent, mid-Lachlan wetlands have benefited from the implementation of environmental flow rules. An empirical relationship between the duration of wetland flooding and the size of colonial bird breeding events was also developed for the nationally significant Booligal swamp. This relationship indicates that to ensure colonial bird-breeding events at ~ 20,000 ibis nests, a flood needs to be maintained for ~ 90 days.
Comparative Subchronic and Chronic Dietary Toxicity Studies on 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Amine, and Ester in the Dog

Forms of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are herbicides used in the control of a wide variety of broadleaf and woody plants. Subchronic toxicity studies in dogs were conducted on three forms of 2,4-D: the parent form, 2,4-D acid (ACID); 2,4-D dimethylamine salt (DMA); and 2,4-D 2-ethylhexyl ester (2-EHE). The three studies were designed to allow for comparison of the toxicity of the three forms. Doses in the subchronic studies, on an acid equivalent basis, were 0, 0.5 (ACID only), 1.0, 3.75, and 7.5 mg/kg/day. Treatment related findings in the three studies included reductions in body weight gain, and food consumption, and minor increases in blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase. The data from the three subchronic studies demonstrated the comparable toxicity of ACID, DMA, and 2-EHE and support a subchronic no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 1.0 mg/kg/day for all three forms. Due to the similarity in toxicity of the three forms of 2,4-D, a 1-year chronic toxicity study was performed on the parent ACID to fully characterize the potential toxicity of 2,4-D in the dog. ACID was well tolerated at doses of 0, 1.0, 5.0, and 7.5 mg/kg/day. The clinical pathology alterations were similar to those seen in the subchronic studies and were not progressive. The histopathology alterations observed were not severe in nature and the no observed effect level in the chronic study was determined to be 1.0 mg/kg/day. There was no indication of any immunotoxic or oncogenic response in the studies. In conclusion, the findings of these studies indicate comparable toxicity among representative forms of 2,4-D and their generally low toxicity following subchronic and chronic dietary exposure in the dog.
Seismic and geotechnical investigations following a rockburst in a complex French mining district

This paper presents the results of seismic and geotechnical studies carried out after a fatal accident that occurred during mining of the Frieda5 coal seam at Merlebach mine of HBL (Houillères du Bassin Lorrain, East France). On June 21, 2001, a violent rockburst (local magnitude of 3.6) affected the Frieda5 seam at depth of approximately 1250 m. The zone of the accident is located in the main gate 200 m ahead of the longwall face. Subsequently, an investigation was carried out to determine the causes of the accident and to understand the induced phenomenon. The program included an analysis of a comprehensive set of seismic data and the collection of in-situ stress measurements. The objectives were twofold: (1) to provide input data for the back analysis of the rockburst and (2) to identify other potential high-risk zones in the next panels to be mined. The joint analysis of the seismic, geological and geotechnical investigations suggests that the rockburst is largely due to a specific geological phenomenon, a sandstone channel in the floor of the coal seam characterized by high horizontal stresses. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The Feasibility of Building 1024 & 4096-port Nanosecond Switching for Data Centre Networks Using Dilated Hybrid Optical Switches

We propose a new 16x16 butterfly dilated hybrid switch. Recursive dilated Beneš and Clos-4-Beneš architectures based on this achieve a 4dB power penalty floor reduction in a 1024-port switch over existing hybrid schemes. A 4096 port switch is proposed with a 12dB input power dynamic range of a penalty less than 3dB.
Ocean tides under the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica

A depth-averaged finite-difference numerical model has been used to make a preliminary study of the tides under the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf. Open boundary conditions were specified using the global ocean model of Schwiderski. Tidal constituents for the two principal semi-diurnal constituents M2 and S2, and the two principal diurnal constituents Ο1 and K1 were extracted from computed sea-surface elevations by harmonic analysis. Measured values near to the grounding line could only be reproduced satisfactorily by increasing the bottom friction coefficient under the ice to 50 times the open-ocean value. This destroys any agreement near the ice front or at pelagic sites. It is thought that a friction coefficient which varies with distance under the ice would be able to reproduce better all the available measurements. More tidal measurements are required to validate any model of the region with model experiments being used to help pinpoint possible sites for instrument deployment.
Structure—biodegradation correlation of polyphenols for Thauera aromatica in anaerobic conditions

The anaerobic degradation of phenolic compounds depends greatly on their molecular structure. We have undertaken a systematic study on several phenol derivatives which are commonly found in industrial waters with the aim of investigating the structure–biodegradation relationship for bacteria in anaerobic conditions. The Thauera aromatica strain was used; this bacterium is able to use phenol as a sole carbon source in liquid cultures in the absence of molecular oxygen. Nitrate is the electron sink with complete reduction to N2. A systematic study has demonstrated the ability of this bacterial strain to use 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (p-coumaric acid), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (ferulic acid), 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid (veratric acid), and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (gallic acid) as substrate. The matching of the depletion of the concentration of such compounds with the increment in bacterial growth in the cultures demonstrates that the substrates are used as the sole carbon source. Also, a correlation between the rate of growth of bacteria and nitrite concentration has been observed. The progressive reduction in nitrate into nitrite and N2 is monitored through analyses. The protein pattern extracted from bacteria grown on methylated substrates is now being compared with that of bacteria grown on non-methylated polyphenols that are structurally analogous in order to identify specific enzymes for demethylation processes.
Nanometer-Scale Patterning on PMMA Resist by Force Microscopy Lithography

Nanoscale science and technology has today mainly focused on the fabrication of nano devices. In this paper, we study the use of lithography process to build the desired nanostructures directly. Nanolithography on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) surface is carried out by using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) equipped with silicon tip, in contact mode. The analysis of the results shows that the depth of scratches increases with the increase of applied normal force. The scanning velocity is also shown to influence the AFM patterning process. As the scanning velocity increases, the scratch depth decreases. The influence of time and number of scratching cycles is also investigated.
CFD Study of the Air Entrainment of Balcony Spill Plumes at the Balcony Edge

This paper presents work on the investigation 0/ air entrainment in balcony spill plumes in the under the balcony and the rotating regions using CFD modeling and full-scale experiments. Mass flow rates near the balcony area were examined to evaluate the applicability ofexisting balcony spill plume correlations. The results of this study were used to develop an empirical correlation to calculate air entrainment rate at the spill edge. This correlation considers the various factors affecting air entrainment under the balcony area and the rotating region. Comparisons between model predictions and experimental data indicate that the CFDpredictions agree well with experimental data both ofwhich show a large degree ofair entrainment into the rotatingflow.