Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear PI-Control Approach for Improving the DC-Link Voltage Control Performance of a Power-Factor-Corrected System

When fast voltage control is used in a power factor control, the ripple of the dc link causes current harmonics. This paper proposes a method to reduce the harmonic content of a fast voltage loop in a power factor correction, which can both produce low distortion during steady-state operation and fast recovery from a load transient. The performance is achieved by using a Takagi–Sugeno-type nonlinear controller for dc-link voltage control. The proposed nonlinear control is compared with linear proportional–integral (PI) control, which is tuned to meet the standardized regulations for the harmonic content in a 3-kW single phase power supply. The results show that the presented nonlinear voltage controller can maintain the dynamic performance of the linear control with reduced current harmonics. It is also shown that the used nonlinear control method requires only marginally more complex control algorithm compared to commonly used linear PI control.
Low-Cost and Portable Impedance Plethysmography System for the Simultaneous Detection of Respiratory and Heart Activities

Impedance plethysmography is a technique that allows monitoring changes in the volume of specific tissues or organs inside the human body, through the measurement of variations in the bio-impedance between electrodes placed on the body surface. One of its best-known applications is the monitoring of respiratory activity based on trans-thoracic impedance measurements. Provided the measurement system has enough sensitivity, trans-thoracic impedance can also allow the detection of heartbeats, thus adding cardiac activity monitoring capabilities. In this paper, a low-cost and easily portable bio-impedance measurement system based on a volt-amperometric scheme, suitable for continuous wearable cardio-respiratory monitoring, is presented. The system measurement performances in 2-electrode and 4-electrode configurations are compared and the resulting sensitivity is investigated, in order to assess the feasibility of heartbeat detection. The theoretical study on measurement resolution shows that only the 4-electrode configuration achieves enough sensitivity to detect the cardiac activity, as confirmed by experimental acquisitions made on several volunteers. The performances of the impedance plethysmography system in detecting cardio-respiratory activities are evaluated through a comparison with a respiratory belt transducer and an ECG device, showing the suitability of the proposed solution. In particular, the average difference between heart rates evaluated with the impedance plethysmograph and with the ECG instrument is below 3%. Altogether, the evaluated performances are comparable with alternative proposals available in the literature, in spite of the extreme simplicity of the device.
Development of Trajectories Through the Kalman Algorithm and Application to an Industrial Robot in the Automotive Industry

This paper presents a method for optimizing the trajectories of robotic arms having manipulators with six degrees of freedom (DOFs) and spherical wrists. The trajectories are optimized by maximizing the manipulator performance (manipulability). For this purpose, kinematics models of the robot arms are defined, such that they can be integrated into an algorithm based on the Kalman filter. This algorithm is implemented through the simulation of trajectories in a serial industrial robot, which is a robotic arm with six DOFs and a fitted welding tool with a material contribution. During the trajectory optimization for such a manipulator robot, the orientation of the welding gun (e.g., the position of the final effector) must be preserved to guarantee correct welding. Applications of this method to two trajectories in the automotive industry are presented, and remarkable improvements in the performance of the manipulator itself are observed. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is an appropriate method for optimizing trajectories because of its various advantages, such as ease of implementation and states of calculation based only on the previous states. Therefore, this method allows the trajectories to be optimized in the work environment of the robot once the kinematic parameters of a robotic manipulator arm are known.
Different Isolation Processes for Free-Standing GaN p-n Power Diode With Ultra-High Current Injection

In this paper, we report on the fabrication and high performance of power p-n diodes grown on free-standing (FS) GaN substrate. The key technique to enhance the high breakdown voltage and suppress the surface leakage current is the isolation process. The mesa-structure diode is generally formed by utilizing the inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching; however, it always induces high surface damages and thus causes a high leakage current. In this paper, we propose a planar structure by employing the oxygen ion implantation to frame the isolation region. By following the crucial process, the fabricated mesa- and planar-type diodes exhibit the turn-on voltages of 3.5 and 3.7 V, specific on-resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{R}_{\mathrm{ ON}}\text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 0.42 and 0.46 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-cm<sup>2</sup>, and breakdown voltage (<italic>V</italic><sub>B</sub>) of 2640 and 2880 V, respectively. The corresponding Baliga’s figures of merit (BFOM, i.e., <italic>V</italic><inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{B}^{2}/\text{R}_{\mathrm{ ON}}\text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) are 16.6 and 18 GW/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The BFOM of 18 GW/cm<sup>2</sup> is the highest reported value for FS-GaN diode. From the temperature dependent measurements, the planar-type diode also shows the better leakage current and thermal stability than the mesa-type diode.
Two Layer Sliding Mode-Model Predictive Control Scheme For Image-guided Robotic Flexible Needle Steering

This paper presents a two-layer sliding mode model predictive control (SMPC) for steering needle in 3D environment. These two layers are applied with two different sampling timescales and two different models. In this scheme high-level controller uses model predictive control to calculate feasible optimum needle base angle to reach the target with minimum rotation and needle length while avoiding obstacles using artificial potential field (APF). The MPC approach proposed on a cost function that satisfies non-holonomic needle constraints. Simplified discrete model is developed to reduce high-level controller computational difficulties. Unicycle 3D needle steering model is used to provide stability of low-level sliding mode controller. Finally, regulation and trajectory tracking problems are examined to illustrate performance of the proposed method.
MxiC is secreted by and controls the substrate specificity of the Shigella flexneri type III secretion apparatus

Many Gram‐negative pathogenic bacteria use a type III secretion (T3S) system to interact with cells of their hosts. Mechanisms controlling the hierarchical addressing of needle subunits, translocators and effectors to the T3S apparatus (T3SA) are still poorly understood. We investigated the function of MxiC, the member of the YopN/InvE/SepL family in the Shigella flexneri T3S system. Inactivation of mxiC led specifically to a deregulated secretion of effectors (including IpaA, IpgD, IcsB, IpgB2, OspD1 and IpaHs), but not of translocators (IpaB and IpaC) and proteins controlling the T3SA structure or activity (Spa32 and IpaD). Expression of effector‐encoding genes controlled by the activity of the T3SA and the transcription activator MxiE was increased in the mxiC mutant, as a consequence of the increased secretion of the MxiE anti‐activator OspD1. MxiC is a T3SA substrate and its ability to be secreted is required for its function. By using co‐purification assays, we found that MxiC can associate with the Spa47 ATPase, which suggests that MxiC might prevent secretion of effectors by blocking the T3SA from the inside. Although with a 10‐fold reduced efficiency compared with the wild‐type strain, the mxiC mutant was still able to enter epithelial cells.
Using Geographic Information and Point of Interest to Estimate Missing Second-Hand Housing Price of Residential Area in Urban Space

The real estate market including second-hand real estate market plays an important role in Chinese economy. However, it is not easy to acquire price of the each pieces of residential area in a city, and for instance the data acquired from Internet in our paper can only cover 56% of residential area in Nanjing. To this end, our paper proposed an model to fill the missing price data by using price and locations of second-hand real estates and Point of Interest (POI) information which were acquired from Internet. Our experiment was conducted in Nanjing and Chongqing, and demonstrates that our model is able to perform better than traditional Geographic Information System (GIS) method, such as Kriging interpolation, and general machine learning model, such as K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN). Also, our proposed model can be more interpretable than traditional methods, and able to reveal how the POI information can influence the second-hand real estate price. Our proposed model can help domain experts, e.g. city planners and economists, to better research the second-hand real estate market in the future.
Replacement of Liquid Fuel by Solar Electrical Installation for the Production of Electric Energy by Diesel-Generators of the «REGIDESO» Industrial Group in the Republic of Burundi

The paper analyzes the electric power situation of the Republic of BURUNDI, shows the main types of operating and planned power stations. Has been done evaluation of electric energy (EE) production and was given the ways to solve the problem of power shortages, based on the creation of ecologically solar stations, allowing, among other things, to solve environmental problems.
45 GHz Wideband Circularly Polarized Planar Antenna Array Using Inclined Slots in Modified Short-Circuited SIW

This paper presents a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band planar circularly polarized (CP) antenna array with a wide bandwidth, in terms of both impedance matching and axial ratio (AR). A centered 45°-inclined slot in the broad wall of a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) with a modified short-circuited termination is first introduced to realize a wideband 45° linearly polarized radiation, incorporated with a pair of inductive vias for impedance matching. Then, orthogonally integrating two proposed slots with an SIW 90° directional coupler, a wideband CP element is designed and its beam exhibits a good AR over a relatively wide angular region in one direction. Following this, a two-layer SIW is employed to design a CP antenna array. Four CP elements are arranged in a rotational manner in the top layer, and they are sequentially fed by a four-way power divider in the bottom layer with an incremental phase delay of 90° to achieve a conical CP beam and higher gain. The performances of the power divider and cross-layer coupling slot are examined in the wide operating band. The proposed CP array antenna is prototyped at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band, and measured results show that the antenna has <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{11}\vert < -13$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB, AR < 2.5 dB, and a gain of 8.2–10.5 dBic over 42.3–49 GHz (14.72%) and has a dimension of 30 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times \,\, 30$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times \,\, 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm.
Live imaging of apoptotic cells in zebrafish

Many debilitating diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, involve apoptosis. Several methods have been developed for visualizing apoptotic cells in vitro or in fixed tissues, but few tools are available for visualizing apoptotic cells in live animals. Here we describe a genetically encoded fluorescent reporter protein that labels apoptotic cells in live zebrafish embryos. During apoptosis, the phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) is exposed on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. The calcium‐dependent protein Annexin V (A5) binds PS with high affinity, and biochemically purified, fluorescently labeled A5 probes have been widely used to detect apoptosis in vitro. Here we show that secreted A5 fused to yellow fluorescent protein specifically labels apoptotic cells in living zebrafish. We use this fluorescent probe to characterize patterns of apoptosis in living zebrafish larvae and to visualize neuronal cell death at single‐cell resolution in vivo. —Van Ham, T. J., Mapes, J., Kokel, D. , Peterson, R. T. Live imaging of apoptotic cells in zebrafish. FASEB J. 24, 4336–4342 (2010). www.fasebj. org
Dual-Polarized Tightly Coupled Dipole Array for UHF–X-Band Satellite Applications

In this letter, full circuit models are developed for the design of tightly coupled dipole arrays (TCDA) with Marchand baluns. It eliminates the difficulty in the conventional design that relies on parameter tunings with full-wave solvers. Based on the full circuit models, a dual-polarized TCDA achieving at least 10.5:1 bandwidth in the UHF–<italic>X</italic>-band and ±60° scanning range in the <italic>E</italic>-, <italic>H</italic>-, and <italic>D</italic>-planes is developed. A Marchand balun with over 10:1 bandwidth and operating up to 10 GHz is also developed from its corresponding circuit model. In addition, the dual-polarized TCDA possesses low cross-polarization level (<−20 dB) over the majority of the operating frequency. A 10 × 10 prototype TCDA is then fabricated and measured. The good agreement between the measurement results and simulation results validate the designs.
Wideband Dual-Polarized Multiple Beam-Forming Antenna Arrays

Wideband multibeam antenna arrays based on three-beam Butler matrices are presented in this paper. The proposed beam-forming arrays are particularly suited to increasing the capacity of 4G long-term evolution (LTE) base stations. Although dual-polarized arrays are widely used in LTE base stations, analog beam-forming arrays have not been realized before, due to the huge challenge of achieving wide operating bandwidth and stable array patterns. To tackle these problems, for the first time, we present a novel wideband multiple beam-forming antenna array based on Butler matrices. The described beam-forming networks produce three beams but the methods are applicable to larger networks. The essential part of the beam-forming array is a wideband three-beam Butler matrix, which comprises quadrature couplers and fixed wideband phase shifters. Wideband quadrature and phase shifters are developed using striplines, which provide the required power levels and phase differences at the outputs. To achieve the correct beamwidth and to obtain the required level of crossover between adjacent beams, beam-forming networks consisting of augmented three-beam Butler matrices using power dividers are presented to expand the number of output ports from three to five or six. Dual-polarized, three-beam antenna arrays with five and six elements covering LTE band are developed. Prototypes comprising beam-forming networks and arrays are tested according to LTE base station specification. The test results show close agreement with the simulation ones and compliance with LTE requirements. The designs presented are applicable to a wide range of wideband multibeam arrays.
A Robust Adaptive Impedance Control of Robots

In response to an environment, the robotic system’s desired dynamical behavior is modelled as a desired impedance, namely a reference model. The reference model, which is considered as an adaptive system gives the desired response to the contact force. Furthermore, a Model-Reference Adaptive Control System (MRACS) is designed via the strategy of voltage control to provide an impedance control which is robust against structured and unstructured uncertainty. Compared to the conventional adaptive impedance controls, which are designed by the strategy of torque control, it is simpler, more reliable and robust. The proposed control algorithm is simulated on an electrically-driven SCARA robotic system. Simulation results and comparison with an adaptive impedance control and force disturbance rejection-based adaptive controller are presented to show the control effectiveness.
Systematic Development and Comparison of Concepts for an Automated Series-Flexible Trickle Winding Process

The electrification of the automotive powertrain leads to new challenges for the production of electric drives. The resulting requirements for efficiency and power density of electric traction drives are currently not sufficiently fulfilled. The stator as an essential component of an electric drive generates the magnetic rotary field. By virtue of this effect the stator winding has a great influence on the performance and efficiency of an electric drive. The “NeWwire” project, as a starting point of this article, is concerned with the development and design of a novel automated winding process for the production of effective stator windings in order to achieve the required improvement in efficiency and performance. Therefore the so-called trickle winding process which is currently mainly carried out manually is to be automated. The goal is the reproducible filling of stator grooves with high copper fill factors in the shortest possible cycle times. To achieve this goal, concepts for suitable plants were developed with the help of the development method according to VDI 2221. At the beginning, the manual trickle winding process was divided into its sub-steps which were examined in detail. By following suitable analogies, solutions for an automated process were found. Finally, possible solution paths of the morphological box were combined to concept ideas. The main focus of the article is on the results of the systematic development steps. For this purpose, functional samples were produced in form of prototypes, their properties analyzed regarding the wire contribution and compared in several test series. The evaluation of these test series closes the main part of the paper.
Design, Dynamics Modelling and Control of a H-Shape Multi-rotor System for Indoor Navigation

With the introduction of powerful yet light weight onboard computers, the size of unmanned aerial vehicles can be reduced to a great extent and thus making them suitable for indoor missions. The challenge with indoor navigation is primarily the lack of GPS data. Localization and mapping algorithms therefore use sensors such as LiDAR and Stereo Cameras. These sensors are usually better placed at the front of vehicles to prevent field of view blockage. In this manuscript, a H-shape unmanned aerial vehicle is designed to offer a 180◦ clearance to a LiDAR sensor placed at the front to achieve an effective scanning field. The dynamics of the vehicle is then identified, and a robust flight controller is applied to the system. Flight test results have shown that the designed system is stable, and robust towards air flow disturbances within a closed indoor environment.
The Method for Short-Term Forecast Electricity Load Based on Criteria Informativeness and Compactness

In the article research the method of preparing training samples for building the process of forecast electricity load. FRiS-Stolp function was used to clear the training samples from the noise component and emissions data. The optimal value of the parameter F* for eliminate noise is obtained. The results are presented in the charts. The forecast electricity load error for different values of the coefficient F* is also shown.
Targeting of eEF1A with Amaryllidaceae isocarbostyrils as a strategy to combat melanomas

Melanomas display poor response rates to adjuvant therapies because of their intrinsic resistance to proapoptotic stimuli. This study indicates that such resistance can be overcome, at least partly, through the targeting of eEF1A elongation factor with narciclasine, an Amaryllidaceae isocarbostyril controlling plant growth. Narciclasine displays IC50 growth inhibitory values between 30–100 nM in melanoma cell lines, irrespective of their levels of resistance to proapoptotic stimuli. Normal noncancerous cell lines are much less affected. At nontoxic doses, narciclasine also significantly improves (P=0.004) the survival of mice bearing metastatic apoptosis‐resistant melanoma xenografts in their brain. The eEF1A targeting with narciclasine (50 nM) leads to 1) marked actin cytoskeleton disorganization, resulting in cytokinesis impairment, and 2) protein synthesis impairment (elongation and initiation steps), whereas apoptosis is induced at higher doses only (≥200 nM). In addition to molecular docking validation and identification of potential binding sites, we biochemically confirmed that narciclasine directly binds to human recombinant and yeast‐purified eEF1A in a nanomolar range, but not to actin or elongation factor 2, and that 5 nM narciclasine is sufficient to impair eEF1A‐related actin bundling activity. eEF1A is thus a potential target to combat melanomas regardless of their apoptosis‐sensitivity, and this finding reconciles the pleiotropic cytostatic of narciclasine. —Van Goietsenoven, G. , Hutton, J., Becker, J.‐P., Lallemand, B. , Robert, F. , Lefranc, F. , Pirker, C. , Vandenbussche, G. , Van Antwerpen, P., Evidente, A. , Berger, W. , Prevost, M. , Pelletier, J., Kiss, R. , Goss Kinzy, T. , Kornienko, A. , Mathieu, V. Targeting of eEF1A with Amaryllidaceae isocarbostyrils as a strategy to combat melanomas. FASEB J. 24, 4575–4584 (2010). www.fasebj. org
A Min–Max Approach to Event- and Self-Triggered Sampling and Regulation of Linear Systems

This paper presents both an event- and a self-triggered sampling and regulation scheme for continuous time linear dynamic systems by using zero-sum game formulation. A novel performance index is defined wherein the control policy is treated as the first player and the threshold for control input error due to aperiodic dynamic feedback is treated as the second player. The optimal control policy and sampling intervals are generated using the saddle point or Nash equilibrium solution, which is obtained from the corresponding game algebraic Riccati equation. To determine the optimal event-based sampling scheme, an event-triggering condition is derived by utilizing the worst case control input error as the threshold. To avoid the additional hardware for the event-triggering mechanism, a near optimal self-triggering condition is derived to determine the future sampling instants given the current state vector. To guarantee Zeno-free behavior in both the event- and self-triggered closed-loop systems, the minimum intersample times are shown to be lower bounded by a nonzero positive number. Asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is ensured using Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, simulation examples are provided to substantiate the analytical claims.