Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geropsychiatric Nursing: The State of the Science

Increasing longevity, a rising prevalence of psychiatric and medical comorbidities, and dramatic changes in the nature and organization of health care delivery systems have direct implications for the theoretical frameworks and methods that will be needed to shape future geropsychiatric nursing (GPN) science. This article reviews scientific advances and persisting gaps in the knowledge base in 17 discrete areas. Topics encompass specific disorders associated with aging as well as health and quality-of-life considerations that are prominent in the geropsychiatric nursing research literature of the past two decades. The unique interests and capabilities of nurse scientists suggest broad themes for future GPN specialty and interdisciplinary research.
Utilidad de la oftalmoscopia láser de barrido en la detección de defectos en la capa de fibras nerviosas retinianas en pacientes con hipertensión ocular

espanolObjetivos: Comparar la capacidad para identificar alteraciones en la capa de fibras nerviosas retinianas (CFNR) en pacientes hipertensos oculares, entre la fotografia tradicional y el examen con SLO (scanning laser ophthalmoscope) u oftalmoscopia de barrido. Material y metodos: En 60 pacientes hipertensos oculares con perimetrias normales valoramos el aspecto de CFNR mediante fotografia tradicional y SLO. Dos observadores independientes en dos ocasiones distintas valoraron las imagenes. Resultados: Se estudiaron 118 ojos y se rechazaron 12 ojos por mala calidad de las imagenes. Se observaron 4 casos de atrofia difusa y 5 sectores. El analisis estadistico mostro que no habia diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre los observadores y los dos metodos empleados. Conclusion: El estudio de CFNR con SLO demuestra ser tan fiable como el analisis fotografico tradicional de CFNR y mas facil y rapido que los metodos tradicionales. EnglishPurpose: To compare the ability to identify RNFL alterations between standard images and SLO images in a group of patients suffering from ocular hypertension. Methods: We evaluated RNFL in sixty patients with ocular hypertension and with normal perimetry, by using standard photography and SLO. Two different independent observers evaluated the images on two different ocassions. Results: We studied 118 eyes, twelve eyes were rejected because of the low quality of the images. Four cases of diffuse atrophy and five patients with wedge shaped defects were observed using both methods. Statistical analysis showed no differences between both exploration techniques or between observers. Conclusions: RNFL study with SLO seems to be at least as reliable as standard photography as a method to evaluate RNFL defects. SLO has also proved to be much easier, and faster than traditional methods.
Efeito da transfusão de concentrado de hemácias sobre parâmetros de inflamação e estresse oxidativo em pacientes criticamente enfermos

INTRODUCTION: Red blood cell transfusions are common in intensive care units. For many years, transfusions of red blood were thought to have obvious clinical benefits. However, in recent years, the risks and benefits of blood transfusions have been examined more carefully, including the risk of increased morbidity and mortality due to transfusion-related immunomodulation effects. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate red blood cell transfusion effects and the relationship of this procedure to the production of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage in critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit. METHODS: For 6 months in 2008, we evaluated patients admitted to an intensive care unit who underwent packed red blood cell transfusions. Pre- and post-transfusion levels of interleukin-6, carbonylated proteins and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were assessed. RESULTS: Serum post-transfusion interleukin-6 levels were reduced, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and carbonylated proteins were significantly increased. No statistically significant relationship was found between the levels of pre- and post-transfusion interleukin-6 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the mortality rate. However, there was a significant relationship between levels of post-transfusion carbonylated proteins and mortality. CONCLUSION: Red blood cell transfusion is associated with increased oxidative damage markers and reduced interleukin-6 levels in critically ill patients.
BASAL NARCOSIS OR SEDATION FOR CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION

Basal narcosis based on bromethol was administered to sixty-three patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. The resultant changes in their circulation and respiration were similar to those found during normal sleep. Fluctuations in arterial oxygen saturation and systemic blood pressure during the catheterization were usually associated with restlessness or the intravenous administration of supplementary drugs. A further fiftynine cases were studied after sedation short of sleep. The results were variable, but when good sedation was achieved, the respiratory and circulatory changes were similar to those occurring after basal narcosis. In a disturbingly large number of patients, however, the signs of anxiety persisted throughout the catheterization and a steady state was not achieved.
Complete mitochondrial genome of a sunbird, Aethopyga gouldiae (Aves: Passeriformes), the first representative of Nectariniidae

Abstract The first complete mitochondrial genome of a sunbird was determined for Gould’s sunbird Aethopyga gouldiae. The identity of the sample was verified by conducting nucleotide blast for each mitochondrial ribosomal RNA and protein-coding gene, and by estimating its phylogenetic position using five genes (12S, ND2, ATP6, ND3, CYTb) and 52 passerines (including 17 sunbirds and allies). The mitogenomic length of A. gouldiae was 16,893 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 1 control region. The nucleotide composition of the genome shows a bias toward A + T. Since the sunbirds and allies form a large bird group that feeds on nectar, along with the hummingbirds and honeyeaters, the mitogenome of A. gouldiae could contribute to understand the evolution of feeding behavior in birds and the phylogenetic position of the sunbirds.
Differences Between Users and Nonusers of Day Care Centers Among Frail Older Persons in Israel

Day care centers are one of the core community-based services for frail older persons. The purpose of the study is to examine differences in characteristics of users and nonusers of day care centers among frail older people and factors that explain service utilization. Personal interviews are conducted with 333 respondents, of whom 81 were users. Based on the behavioral model of Andersen, the results show that both groups significantly differed in most predisposing (age, marital status), enabling (having a homecare worker), and need (IADL [instrumental activities of daily living]) factors. The findings lend support to Andersen’s behavioral model and suggest that further research is needed to assess underutilization of day care centers. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.
Trifurcated Hepatic Artery Proper with Unusual Course and Termination of Right Hepatic Artery into Fossa for Gall Bladder

Variant vascular pattern affecting the hepatic artery is well documented. We here report a case of trifurcated hepatic artery proper associated with abnormal course, branching and termination of right hepatic artery. In the present case, hepatic artery proper trifurcated into right, middle and left branches about 2 cm before reaching porta hepatis. Left and middle braches entered the liver through the porta hepatis as normal but, the right hepatic artery took an unusual course towards the fossa for gall bladder and passed between portal vein behind and common hepatic duct, anteriorly. Just before its termination, it gave an additional hepatic branch to the liver and a cystic branch to the gall bladder. The rare course, branching pattern and abnormal termination of the right hepatic artery as reported here, are vulnerable to damage during intraoperative procedures if not carefully observed. Hence, prior knowledge of its variant anatomy is imperative during segmental resection of the liver and any intraoperative procedures performed in this region.
Prospective Study of Day Case Surgery in Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Department

Day case surgery is feasible, safe and economic. The tremendous success of day care surgery is due to advances in surgical as well as anaesthetic techniques and proper postoperative recovery care. In the period January, 2006 to December, 2006 at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, a total of 390 were operated of which 109 cases were major and 281 cases were minor surgery 327 cases were performed under local anaesthesia, 42 cases were performed by general anaesthesia and 21 cases were done without anaesthesia. Strict patient selection criteria were adopted. As a result postoperative complication rate was only 4.5%. Two patients required readmission to hospital for the management of complications. The most commonly performed otorhinolaryngological surgery in a day care basis is demonstrated, especially in nasal and aural cases. The scope of day case surgery is very limited in case of throat and neck surgery. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1. 3084 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 17-23
Evaluation of the Biocompatibility of a Bilayer Chitosan Skin Regenerating Template, Human Skin Allograft, and Integra Implants in Rats

Introduction. Chitosan is a nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymer obtained from chitin by N-deacetylation using strong alkali. Chitosan in a form of a bilayer skin regenerating template can act as a scaffold for regeneration. Integra is a two-layer skin regeneration system, constructed of a matrix of crosslinked fibers that acts as a scaffold for regenerating dermal skin cells. Human skin allografts (HSAs) are the “gold standard” for temporary coverage of clean burn wounds. Objectives. The objective of this study was to conduct in-vivo, preclinical biocompatibility evaluations of Integra, HSA, and Chitosan skin regenerating template (SRT). Methods. Paravertebral subcutaneous pockets were created for the implantation of test materials. Implants were retrieved after 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Slides of sections through the implants were examined to determine biocompatibility. Results. Chitosan SRT and Integra showed similar inflammatory patterns. HSA showed a higher inflammatory reaction initially which then reduced to levels similar to Integra and Chitosan SRT. Chitosan SRT and Integra also shared similar angiogenesis levels. Towards the end, all implants were degraded with decreased tissue response. Conclusion. Integra, Chitosan SRT, and HSA have been shown to be biocompatible. Integra and Chitosan SRT seem to illicit similar tissue responses.
Key Concept Identification: A Comprehensive Analysis of Frequency and Topical Graph-Based Approaches

Automatic key concept extraction from text is the main challenging task in information extraction, information retrieval and digital libraries, ontology learning, and text analysis. The statistical frequency and topical graph-based ranking are the two kinds of potentially powerful and leading unsupervised approaches in this area, devised to address the problem. To utilize the potential of these approaches and improve key concept identification, a comprehensive performance analysis of these approaches on datasets from different domains is needed. The objective of the study presented in this paper is to perform a comprehensive empirical analysis of selected frequency and topical graph-based algorithms for key concept extraction on three different datasets, to identify the major sources of error in these approaches. For experimental analysis, we have selected TF-IDF, KP-Miner and TopicRank. Three major sources of error, i.e., frequency errors, syntactical errors and semantical errors, and the factors that contribute to these errors are identified. Analysis of the results reveals that performance of the selected approaches is significantly degraded by these errors. These findings can help us develop an intelligent solution for key concept extraction in the future.
Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics

a couple-centered approach, including counseling as an integral part of their care, and using a team to meet the full range of needs of the infertile. His sug¬ gestion that the health care team leader might best be a nonphysician, with phy¬ sicians retaining responsibility for the "strictly medical aspects of infertility," however, would be likely to further ac¬ centuate the problems that he describes
Individualized Predictions of Disease Progression Following Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Background: Following treatment for localized prostate cancer, men are monitored with serial PSA measurements. Refining the predictive value of post-treatment PSA determinations may add to clinical management and we have developed a model that predicts for an individual patient future PSA values and estimates the time to future clinical recurrence.Methods: Data from 934 patients treated for prostate cancer between 1987 and 2000 were used to develop a comprehensive statistical model to fit the clinical recurrence events and pattern of PSA data. A logistic regression model was used for the probability of cure, non-linear hierarchical mixed models were used for serial PSA measurements and a time-dependent proportional hazards model was used for recurrences. Data available up to February 2001 and September 2003 was used to assess the performance of the model.Results: The model suggests that T-stage, baseline PSA, and radiotherapy dosage are all associated with probability of cure. The risk of clinical recurrence in those not cured by radiotherapy is most strongly affected by the slope of the long-transformed PSA values. We show how the model can be used for individual monitoring of a patient's disease progression. For each patient the model predicts, based upon his baseline and all post-treatment PSA values, the probability of future clinical recurrence in the validation dataset and of 406 PSA measurements obtained 1-2 years after February 2001, 92.8% were within 95% prediction limits from the model.Conclusions: This statistical model presented accurately predicts future PSA values and risk of clinical relapse. This predictive information for each individual patient, which can be updated with each additional PSA value, may prove useful to patents and physicians in determining what post-treatment salvage should be employed.
The First Cytogenetic Map of the Tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus

Tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus, is the last survivor of the distinctive reptilian order Rhynchocephalia and is a species of extraordinary zoological interest, yet only recently have genomic analyses been undertaken. The karyotype consists of 28 macrochromosomes and 8 microchromosomes. A Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) library constructed for this species has allowed the first characterization of the tuatara genome. Sequence analysis of 11 fully sequenced BAC clones (∼0.03% coverage) increased the estimate of genome wide GC composition to 47.8%, the highest reported for any vertebrate. Our physical mapping data demonstrate discrete accumulation of repetitive elements in large blocks on some chromosomes, particularly the microchromosomes. We suggest that the large size of the genome (5.0 pg/haploid) is due to the accumulation of repetitive sequences. The microchromosomes of tuatara are rich in repetitive sequences, and the observation of one animal that lacked a microchromosome pair suggests that at least this microchromosome is unnecessary for survival. We used BACs bearing orthologues of known genes to construct a low-coverage cytogenetic map containing 21 markers. We identified a region on chromosome 4 of tuatara that shares homology with 7 Mb of chicken chromosome 2, and therefore the orthologous region of the snake Z chromosome. We identified a region on tuatara chromosome 3 that is orthologous to the chicken Z, and a region on chromosome 9 orthologous to the mammalian X. Since the tuatara determines sex by temperature and has no sex chromosomes, this implies that different tuatara autosome regions are homologous with the sex chromosomes of mammals, birds and snakes. We have identified anchor BAC clones that can be used to reliably mark chromosomes 3–7, 10 and 13, some of which are difficult to distinguish based on morphology alone. Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of 18S rDNA confirms the presence of a single NOR located on the long arm of chromosome 7, as previously identified by silver staining. Further work to construct a dense physical map will lead to a better understanding of the dynamics of genome evolution and organization in this isolated species.
The Paradox of Women Arrested for Domestic Violence

Increasingly, women are being arrested for domestic violence charges as part of dual arrests (when their partner is also arrested) or as a result of their own actions. Could this phenomenon be explained by women's greater willingness to use violence against their abusive partners, or by a strict adherence by police and prosecutors to follow mandatoryor pro-arrest laws without examining the context of the incidents, or something else? This article explores this issue by examining one state's experience, using interview data from criminal justice professionals and service providers who deal directly with women arrested for domestic violence charges.
Pramipexole for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease.

Background The long-term use of levodopa in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesia) and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can reduce the duration of immobile off periods and the need for levodopa therapy whilst maintaining or improving motor impairments and only minimally increasing dopaminergic adverse events. Objectives To compare the efficacy and safety of adjuvant pramipexole therapy versus inactive placebo in patients with Parkinson's disease, already established on levodopa. Search methods Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. Handsearching of the neurology literature as part of the Cochrane Movement Disorders Group's strategy. Examination of the reference lists of identified studies and other reviews. Contact with Pharmacia Upjohn and Boehringer Ingelheim. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials of pramipexole versus placebo in patients with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease and long-term complications of levodopa therapy. Data collection and analysis Data was abstracted independently by the authors and differences settled by discussion. The outcome measures used included Parkinson's disease rating scales, levodopa dosage, 'off' time measurements and the frequency of drop outs and adverse events. Main results Four randomised controlled trials have compared pramipexole with placebo in 669 patients with later Parkinson's disease. Two phase III studies were medium term (24 weeks maintenance period) and 2 phase II studies were short term (4 weeks maintenance period). The reduction in off time was significantly greater with pramipexole compared with placebo (weighted mean difference 1.8 hours; 1.2, 2.3 95% CI). No significant changes were noted in a dyskinesia rating scale in any of the 4 studies, but dyskinesia as an adverse event was reported more frequently with pramipexole. A significant improvement occurred in UPDRS complication score (part IV) in 2 studies but not in the remaining trials. Statistically significant improvements in UPDRS ADL score occurred with pramipexole in all studies. Significant improvements in UPDRS motor scores in the on state were reported in 3 of the 4 studies. Levodopa dose reduction was allowed in 3 studies and meta-analysis shows a significant difference in favour of pramipexole (weighted mean difference 115 mg; 87, 143 95% CI). Trends toward a higher incidence of dopaminergic adverse events with pramipexole only reached statistical significance regarding hallucinations. There were significantly fewer withdrawals from pramipexole. Authors' conclusions Pramipexole can be used to reduce off time, improve motor impairments and disability and reduce levodopa dose at the expense of increased dyskinetic adverse events. This conclusion is based on short and medium term trials (up to 24 weeks). Further trials are required to directly compare the newer with the older dopamine agonists.
Comprehensive Textbook of Echocardiography: Volume 2

Nanda Navan C. 230 pages. Philadelphia, PA: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, 2014. $$325. With the release of volume 2 of the Comprehensive Textbook on Echocardiography , Prof Nanda has provided his readers with the definitive reference for virtually every application of echocardiography. In the first volume, a collection of internationally recognized experts provided the reader with concise introductions to the concepts of the basic physics of ultrasound, fundamentals of 3-dimensional imaging, novel technology and instrumentation, and a variety of newer applications, including epiaortic ultrasonography and 3-dimensional echocardiographic guidance in the practice of structural heart disease. In volume 2, Prof Nanda starts with a chapter devoted to …
Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Brycon orbignyanus (Characiformes, Bryconidae)

Abstract We report the whole mitochondrial genome of the Brycon orbignyanus, commonly known as the piracanjuba. The mitogenome was determined to be a circular, 16,800 bp DNA molecule, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and one 1160 bp noncoding control region. Twelve of the PCGs were located on the heavy strand, and one PCG (Nd6) was located on the light strand. The most common start codon was ATG; however, the Cox1 gene displayed the GTG start codon. Seven PCGs had incomplete stop codons: specifically, Cox2, Cox3, Nd3, Nd4, and Cytb contained the T– – codon, and Nd2 and Atp6 contained the TA– codon. The Cox1 gene contained the AGG stop codon.
Teste de destreza manual da caixa e blocos em indivíduos normais e em pacientes com esclerose múltipla

ABSTRACT - Recently new disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) were introduced wich canchange the natural course of the disease. In clinical trials with these new agents the Expanded DisabilityStatus Scale (EDSS) is often used as a primary outcome instrument to measure neurological impairment anddisability. A number of limitations have been identified when using the EDSS, some of wich are because theEDSS is an ordinal scale that is heavily biased to locomotor function. In this study we applied the box andblock test of manual dexterity in normal subjects and relapsing-remitting MS patients. The results were that64.8% of the female and 80.7% of the male patients had significant changes on this task compared withnormal subjects, and as this test is easily applied and is sensitive in detecting upper extremity functionalability, we recommend its use in clinical trials to evaluate new drugs in MS patients.KEY WORDS: box and block test of manual dexterity, multiple sclerosis, disability scales.