Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘An Unbroken Family’? Gertrud Bäumer and the German Women’s Movement’s Return to International Work in the 1920s

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JacSim*: An Effective and Efficient Solution to the Pairwise Normalization Problem in SimRank

Despite the fact that SimRank has been successfully applied to various applications as a link-based similarity measure, it suffers from a counter-intuitive property called a <italic>pairwise normalization problem</italic>; JacSim is a powerful variant of SimRank that alleviates this problem. In this paper, we first point out three existing drawbacks of JacSim and then propose <italic>JacSim*</italic> to effectively <italic>solve</italic> them; JacSim* <italic>exploits</italic> those paths neglected by JacSim in similarity computation, its matrix form provides the <italic>exact</italic> similarity scores while <italic>not</italic> being sensitive to the number of node-pairs with common neighbors, and it has simpler, easier to understand, and easier to implement formulas in <italic>both</italic> iterative and matrix forms than those of JacSim. We conduct extensive experiments with <italic>eight</italic> real-world datasets to evaluate <italic>both</italic> the accuracy and performance of JacSim* in comparison with those of JacSim. Our experimental results demonstrate that JacSim* shows <italic>better</italic> accuracy than JacSim and the JacSim* matrix form is <italic>dramatically</italic> faster than its own iterative form and also than the two forms of JacSim with <italic>all</italic> datasets.
Transcriptome Analysis in the Head Kidney of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Immunized with a Combined Vaccine of Formalin-Inactivated Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum

This study aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms regulated by a combined vaccine against Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum (O1 serotype). These bacteria cause furunculosis and vibriosis, respectively, and are associated with a high mortality in rainbow trout in Korea. The vaccine upregulated gene expression of TCRα, T-bet, sIgM, and mIgM, markers of an activated adaptive immune response. On days 1, 3, and 5, transcriptome analysis revealed 862 (430 up- and 432 downregulated), 492 (204 up- and 288 downregulated), and 741 (270 up- and 471 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 377 (108 MF, 132 CC, 137 BP), 302 (60 MF, 180 CC, 62 BP), and 314 (115 MF, 129 CC, 70 BP) GOs at days 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genetic and Genomic enrichment analysis identified eight immune system-related pathways like cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NF-kappaB signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, cell adhesion molecule, complement and coagulation cascade, and antigen processing and presentation. In the analysis of the protein–protein interaction of immune-related DEGs, a total of 59, 21, and 21 interactional relationships were identified at days 1, 3, and 5, respectively, with TNF having the highest centrality at all three time points.
No Effects of Intra-Articular Injections of Sodium Hyaluronate, Corticosteroids, Platelet-Rich Plasma on Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background Intra-articular injections of corticosteroids (CCS), hyaluronic acid (HA), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have often been used for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA). However, there is no guideline for the choice of pharmacological injections. The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare the efficacy of different intra-articular injectable treatments on TMJ OA. Methods Studies were identified from PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central with date up to December 2020. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) included were the studies of patients with TMJ OA who had intra-articular treatment with CCS, HA, PRP, placebo and follow-up assessing TMJ function in target outcome variables. The primary outcome was temporomandibular joint pain (VAS). The secondary outcomes were maximal mouth opening (mm), and lateral movement to the affected side (mm). Results Nine RCTs involving 316 patients were included. For primary pain outcome, no significance was detected when CCS, HA and PRP were compared with placebo by both short- (3-6 months) and long-term (>12 months) follow-up. In addition, these injectables did not significantly outperform placebo by evaluating secondary functional outcomes (maximal mouth opening and lateral movement) with the same follow-up. Subgroup analyses showed that the effect of CCS on subgroups with more than 70% women was statistically less effective compared with placebo. Conclusion Evidence suggested that intra-articular pharmacological injections of CCS, HA, and PRP had no effect on improving TMJ pain and functional outcomes compared with placebo injection. Trial registration This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42021270914.
Imposing demands on precision influences the hands differently during alternated discrete touching

Purpose. How demands of precision influence the performance during alternated discrete touching is not well established in the literature. Hence, we compared both hands performance during alternated touching, manipulating the precision demand. Methods. Overall, 23 right-handed adults participated in this study. the first task consisted of alternated touching with a pencil on both sides of a blank paper, performing as fast as possible, considering the first touch as reference for the next ones. Subsequently, touch dispersion and width were measured, and circular targets were drawn with those proportions. the second task consisted of performing as many hits as possible inside those targets. Apart from the delimitated target, increasing precision demand, the task parameters were equal. Results. Movement time increased and the number of touches decreased from the first to the second task. However, the preferred hand displayed greater reductions in performance. Conclusions. the perceptual constraint of adding a visual target affects motor control parameters in alternated touching, causing decrements in performance in both hands, but more evidently in the preferred right hand.
Developmental outcomes of deaf preschool-aged children with cochlear implants

ABSTRACT In research on the psychological development of deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children, there is a wealth of studies focused on aspects such as speech and language, communication, and social-emotional development, but some other spheres have been disregarded. This study looks more generally at the developmental outcomes of DHH children who use cochlear implants (CIs). The participants were one group of DHH children 3 and 4 years old who used a CI and another age-matched control group with normal hearing and typical development (the TD group). The Psychomotor Development Evaluation Cards were used to evaluate the groups. Additionally, information about deafness, the CI, and health of the child and mother was obtained from medical records. For 3-year-olds, DHH children had lower scores than TD children in motor development, communication and speech, behavioural development, and knowledge and learning. However, 4-year-old DHH children had lower scores than TD children only in the social-emotional domain. In the 4-year-olds, positive correlations were also found between speech and communication development and knowledge and learning. Our results show that it is essential to offer early holistic support to DHH children who use a CI in terms of their global development, including social-emotional development.
A Review of the Optimization and Control Strategies for Fuel Cell Power Plants in a Microgrid Environment

In the recent years, microgrid has been receiving increasing attention as one typical structure in smart grid frameworks. Fuel cells (FC) among other most relevant renewable energy sources have been studied as viable energy alternatives, in terms of them being cleaner and more efficient. Since the academic community and industry started giving attention to FCs, there have been many uplifting achievements in making FC technology more relevant as an energy source and as a result, FCs are increasingly penetrating different fields. The application of FCs into microgrids among other applications has proved advantageous on the performance improvement of microgrids while also inspiring hydrogen energy usage. While this combination of the two technologies carries advantages, there are many challenges that are faced in the process lying on multiple domains. The optimization and control of this combination, and the two technologies individually has been studied greatly in recent years. This paper presents the review of the control of FC based microgrids, where FCs in microgrid environment are looked at after recalling the knowledge background of FCs, the active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) as a possible controller for some strategies, and the hybrid system and control mechanisms.
Diaphragm wall retaining system – a simplified model for design loads

ABSTRACT Diaphragm walls are the ideal solutions for constructive utilisation of underground space to surmount the space constraints causing hindrance to infrastructural developments in urban areas. Accurate analysis methods to determine the wall forces and deformations are vital for the safe and cost-effective implementation of diaphragm wall projects. This paper describes a simplified method formulated for the analysis of diaphragm walls to process design values. The developed methodology is a combination of the net pressure method, the apparent pressure method and the limit equilibrium concept, with modifications to mitigate the demerits of each method towards the applicability for diaphragm walls. The design values for each excavation stage of a diaphragm wall supported excavation acted upon by any loading condition and ground water level can be computed with the methodology. Formulations for determining vertical axial forces are developed from the basic concepts of pile foundations by modifying the expressions to integrate the specific requirements of diaphragm walls. The developed formulations are validated against numerical analysis with Plaxis by comparing wall internal forces and axial strut forces. Around 90% of the results were found to have a percentage variation of less than 10% compared to Plaxis results, indicating the suitability of the method for application to diaphragm walls.
Reflexivity and Practice in COVID-19: Qualitative Analysis of Student Responses to Improvisation in Their Research Methods Course

The improvisations needed to adapt to COVID-19 teaching and learning conditions affected students and faculty alike. This study uses chaos theory and improvisation to examine an undergraduate communication research methods course that was initially delivered synchronously/face-to-face and then transitioned to asynchronous/online in March 2020. Reflective writings were collected at the end of the semester with the 25 students enrolled in the course and follow-up interviews conducted with six students. Thematic analysis revealed that available and attentive student-participant, student-student, and student-instructor communication complemented learner-centered and person-centered goals, but unavailable or inattentive communication, especially with participants and students in the research team, contributed to negative perceptions of learner-centered goals. Implications explore how communication research methods pedagogy may achieve greater available, attentive, and learner/person-oriented goals through modeling, resourcing, reflexivity, and appreciation in online and offline course delivery to enhance shifts in communication pedagogy, whether voluntarily or involuntarily initiated by faculty.
Fabrication and characterization of polymeric nano/micro fibers containing silver nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Abstract Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pre-prepared nano/micro fibers were treated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution and then AgNPs were loaded on them through the soaking process. In total, eight samples were created. Then they were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy diffraction (EDS) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Disk diffusion and colony counting tests were also performed. Samples containing AgNPs had growth inhibition zones with diameters between 19 and 26 mm while control samples had no inhibition zone. PET microfibers containing AgNPs had a larger inhibition zone on Staphylococcus aureus compared to other samples. The innovation of this research is the placement of AgNPs on the hydrophilic PET micro/nano fibers. Graphical Abstract
Fundamental limits of high-efficiency silicon and compound semiconductor power amplifiers in 100-300 GHz bands

This paper reviews the requirements for future digital arrays in terms of power amplifier requirements for output power and efficiency and the device technologies that will realize future energy-efficient communication and sensing electronics for the upper millimeter-wave bands (100-300 GHz). Fundamental device technologies are reviewed to compare the needs for compound semiconductors and silicon processes. Power amplifier circuit design above 100 GHz is reviewed based on load line and matching element losses. We present recently presented class-A and class-B PAs based on a InP HBT process that have demonstrated record efficiency and power around 140 GHz while discussing circuit techniques that can be applied in a variety of integrated circuits.
The role of authorial context in mathematicians’ evaluations of proof

ABSTRACT We report on a series of task-based interviews in which nine mathematicians were asked to evaluate a series of six mathematical arguments, purportedly produced either by fellow mathematicians or undergraduate students. In this paper, we attend to the role of context in mathematicians’ responses, leading to four themes in expectations when evaluating the proofs that they read. First, mathematicians’ evaluations of identical arguments were sensitive to researchers’ manipulation of authorship, with most accepting arguments purportedly produced by a colleague while taking a more critical view of that same argument if produced by an undergraduate student. Our thematic analysis of interview responses led to three context-based factors influencing mathematicians’ responses when evaluating student-produced texts: course goals, instructors’ expectations, and assessment type. In the final section, we consider implications for researchers focused on understanding common practice amongst mathematicians as well as the pedagogic consequences of our findings for practice in the classroom.
Computer Age Statistical Inference, Student Edition

The twenty-first century has seen a breathtaking expansion of statistical methodology, both in scope and influence. 'Data science' and 'machine learning' have become familiar terms in the news, as statistical methods are brought to bear upon the enormous data sets of modern science and commerce. How did we get here? And where are we going? How does it all fit together? Now in paperback and fortified with exercises, this book delivers a concentrated course in modern statistical thinking. Beginning with classical inferential theories - Bayesian, frequentist, Fisherian - individual chapters take up a series of influential topics: survival analysis, logistic regression, empirical Bayes, the jackknife and bootstrap, random forests, neural networks, Markov Chain Monte Carlo, inference after model selection, and dozens more. The distinctly modern approach integrates methodology and algorithms with statistical inference. Each chapter ends with class-tested exercises, and the book concludes with speculation on the future direction of statistics and data science.
Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Rice Growth Under Different Flooding and Shading Regimes

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are present in paddy fields, where they suffer from periodic soil flooding and sometimes shading stress, but their interaction with rice plants in these environments is not yet fully explained. Based on two greenhouse experiments, we examined rice-growth response to AMF under different flooding and/or shading regimes to survey the regulatory effects of flooding on the mycorrhizal responses of rice plants under different light conditions. AMF had positive or neutral effects on the growth and yields of both tested rice varieties under non-flooding conditions but suppressed them under all flooding and/or shading regimes, emphasizing the high importance of flooding and shading conditions in determining the mycorrhizal effects. Further analyses indicated that flooding and shading both reduced the AMF colonization and extraradical hyphal density (EHD), implying a possible reduction of carbon investment from rice to AMF. The expression profiles of mycorrhizal P pathway marker genes (GintPT and OsPT11) suggested the P delivery from AMF to rice roots under all flooding and shading conditions. Nevertheless, flooding and shading both decreased the mycorrhizal P benefit of rice plants, as indicated by the significant decrease of mycorrhizal P responses (MPRs), contributing to the negative mycorrhizal effects on rice production. The expression profiles of rice defense marker genes OsPR1 and OsPBZ1 suggested that regardless of mycorrhizal growth responses (MGRs), AMF colonization triggered the basal defense response, especially under shading conditions, implying the multifaceted functions of AMF symbiosis and their effects on rice performance. In conclusion, this study found that flooding and shading both modulated the outcome of AMF symbiosis for rice plants, partially by influencing the mycorrhizal P benefit. This finding has important implications for AMF application in rice production.
Performance Analysis of 5G Stand Alone Inter-band Carrier Aggregation

Today, high data rate is the prior requirement to support services and applications. It is definitely a challenge for the 5G New Radio (NR) in providing high data rates, in order to support use cases, especially enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB). The objective of this research is to design a 5G network which has greater data rates employing carrier aggregation techniques. Carrier Aggregation (CA) is a way which is able to improve data rates by aggregate component carriers, hence, it can make a wider bandwidth. There are three modes of CA scenario that can be used: intra-band contiguous CA, intra-band non-contiguous CA, and inter-band noncontiguous CA. In this research, the 5G network planning with carrier aggregation on inter-band employing bandwidth 40 MHz at frequency 2300 MHz and bandwidth 100 MHz at frequency 3500 MHz was simulated in Mentum Planet software. The simulation implemented at Marunda Center Industrial Area in Bekasi used downlink outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) with Line of Sight (LOS) scenario. The parameters analyzed in this research employed three main parameters: SS-RSRP, SS-SINR and data rate, which resulted CA SS-RSRP increased by 0.14%, SSSINR increased by 4.48%, and peak data rate increased up to 1412.26 Mbps from 312.872 Mbps
A decision support model for evaluating risks in a collaborative supply chain of the medical equipment manufacturing industry

ABSTRACT As modern healthcare technologies are becoming more and more common, even in rural areas, the usage of various medical equipment is also increasing. The manufacturers of this equipment play a large role in providing timely healthcare by meeting healthcare providers’ requirements by fulfilling their demands. As a manufacturer, establishing a strong collaborative supply chain (CSC) is crucial to ensure both the timely receipt of raw materials and the delivery of finished goods. The risks associated with CSCs and their interactions need to be investigated for decision-making in the CSCs. This paper presents a framework, integrated decision-making methodology based on the Delphi method and the grey-based Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique. The Delphi method was applied for identifying the risk based on opinions of the industrial managers in the medical equipment manufacturing industry of India, and then the DEMATEL method was applied to evaluate the interaction among the recognised key risks in CSCs. The findings of the study reveal that disruption risk was the most influential one in CSC. This study will provide more valuable guidelines to policymakers and relevant practitioners about the risks prevailing in the rising nations towards the implementation of CSC practices, which, in turn, can lead to taking necessary steps for mitigating those risks. The proposed framework can address CSC risk and optimise, plan, monitor, and control supply chains in real-time. A sensitivity analysis was performed to analyse the robustness of the obtained results.
Investigation of Inner/Outer Rotor Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Generator for Wind Turbine Applications

In this paper two permanent magnet flux switching generator (PMFSG) is designed for 2 kW output power and 220 V phase voltage at 1500 rpm and comparatively analyzed for wind turbine applications. Both PMFSG share same C-core stator connected back-to-back through flux bridge ( $\beta$ ) with different rotor position i.e., inner rotor PMFSG (IR-PMFSG) and outer rotor PMFSG (OR-PMFSG). A detailed comparative analysis with various $\beta $ for both IR-PMFSG and OR-PMFSG are performed under static characteristics, rated condition, overload capability and over-speed capability for generating output voltage, current, power and efficiency. Comparison of the static characteristics reveal that IR-PMFSG offers 47.93% higher rated power, 2.83% higher efficiency, 22.78% more magnetic flux, 56.91% reduced cogging torque and 83.18% lower torque ripples at the cost of 62.69% higher voltage regulation factor. Furthermore, under rated operating condition and overload capability with same specifications it is found that IR-PMFSG exhibits 1.47 times power than that of OR-PMFSG counterpart. Finally, over-speed capability is investigated in term of the output power which shows that IR-PMFSG significantly generate almost 2.25 time of the specification power whereas OR-PMFSG exhibits nearly 1.25 times power. This analysis shows that IR-PMFSG can be operated at wide-speed rage for higher power specification requirements maintaining efficiency greater than 90%.