Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DILI C : An AI-Based Classifier to Search for Drug-Induced Liver Injury Literature

Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) is a class of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) which causes problems in both clinical and research settings. It is the most frequent cause of acute liver failure in the majority of western countries and is a major cause of attrition of novel drug candidates. Manual trawling of literature for is the main route of deriving information on DILI from research studies. This makes it an inefficient process prone to human error. Therefore, an automatized AI model capable of retrieving DILI-related papers from the huge ocean of literature could be invaluable for the drug discovery community. In this project, we built an artificial intelligence (AI) model combining the power of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) to address this problem. This model uses NLP to filter out meaningless text (e.g. stopwords) and uses customized functions to extract relevant keywords as singleton, pair, triplet and so on. These keywords are processed by apriori pattern mining algorithm to extract relevant patterns which are used to estimate initial weightings for a ML classifier. Along with pattern importance and frequency, an FDA-approved drug list mentioning DILI adds extra confidence in classification. The combined power of these methods build a DILI classifier (DILIC) with 94.91% cross-validation and 94.14% external validation accuracy. To make DILIC as accessible as possible, including to researchers without coding experience, an R Shiny App capable of classifing single or multiple entries for DILI is developed to enhance ease of user experience and made available at https://researchmind.co.uk/diliclassifier/).
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography-Immunostaining as a Technique for the Characterization of Whey Protein Enrichment in Edam Cheese

Whey protein-enriched cheese can be produced by means of a high-temperature treatment of a part of the cheese milk. In this way, the nutritional quality of the resulting cheeses can be increased while resources are conserved. High-performance thin-layer chromatography-immunostaining (HPTLC-IS) using specific β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) antibodies was applied to study the implementation and stability of β-LG in two different sample sets of whey protein-enriched Edam model cheeses, including industrial-scale ones. Two methods were compared for the extraction of the proteins/peptides from the cheese samples. By applying tryptic hydrolysis directly from a suspended cheese sample instead of a supernatant of a centrifuged suspension, a better yield was obtained for the extraction of β-LG. When applying this method, it was found that selected epitopes in the tryptic β-LG peptides remain stable over the ripening period of the cheese. For four of the tryptic β-LG peptides detected by immunostaining, the amino acid sequence was identified using MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. One of the peptides identified was the semi-tryptic peptide VYVEELKPTP. A linear relationship was found between the content of this peptide in cheese and the proportion of high-heated milk in the cheese milk. β-LG enrichment factors of 1.72 (n = 3, sample set I) and 1.33 ± 0.19 (n = 1, sample set II) were determined for the cheese samples containing 30% high-heated milk compared to the non-enriched samples. The relative β-LG contents in the cheese samples with 30% high-heated milk were calculated to be 4.35% ± 0.39% (sample set I) and 9.11% ± 0.29% (sample set II) using a one-point calibration. It can be concluded that the HPTLC-IS method used is a suitable tool for the analysis of whey protein accumulation in cheese, being therefore potentially directly applicable on an industrial scale. For more accurate quantification of the whey protein content in cheese, an enhanced calibration curve needs to be applied.
Psychosocial Implications of COVID-19 on Head and Neck Cancer

The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed healthcare access, delivery, and treatment paradigms throughout oncology. Patients with head and neck cancer comprise an especially vulnerable population due to the nature of their disease and the transmission mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The consequences of triage decisions and delays in care have serious psychosocial implications for patients. The development of structured psychosocial support programs, coupled with clear and consistent communication from treating physicians, can help mitigate perceptions of abandonment and distress that may accompany delays in care. As the unpredictability of the pandemic’s course continues to burden both providers and patients, we must be proactive in addressing the psychosocial implications of these delays in care.
Spectrum Renting with Two Finite Source Pools in Mobile Cellular Networks

queues to model spectrum renting. The model considers the finite size of the subscribers’ population, their impatience, and has a queue for the subscribers who requested the outbound service. Moreover, the authors took the renting fee into account, too, for the optimization of the renting process. As it was mentioned in that paper, several model variants could be derived from [27] to investigate additional aspects of spectrum renting. Based on [27], we set up a finite-source queuing model with two source pools. The additional source pool allows us to investigate also the handover calls, which were not mentioned in [27]. Moreover, our model considers the traveling of subscribers by modeling the transitions over the borders of the investigated mobile cell. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section II introduces the key aspects of our model. Section III describes our system model while the mathematical background is presented in Section IV. The numerical results are provided in Section V. Finally, Section VI concludes the paper.
The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress

We investigated factors associated with increased risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in ambulance personnel and the barriers faced in accessing support for work-related stress (WRS). A cross-sectional study of 388 ambulance personnel used self-administered questionnaires to assess for PTSD and level of occupational stressors: Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Critical Incident Inventory, EMS Chronic Stress Questionnaire, SF-36 Quality of Life and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. The prevalence of PTSD in the study population was 30%. The participants were predominantly female (55%), with a median age of 38 (IQR; 31–44) years. PTSD was associated with smoking (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.05–2.95), illicit drug use (OR = 16.4, 95% CI: 1.87–143.86) and problem drinking (OR = 3.86, 95% CI: 1.80–8.23). A self-reported mental health condition (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.96–7.21), being treated for a medical condition (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.22–3.11), exposure to critical incident stress (OR = 4.27, 95% CI: 2.24–8.15) and chronic WRS (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.93–10.31) were associated with PTSD risk. Barriers to seeking help included concerns that services were not confidential and the negative impact on the participant’s career. The increased levels of WRS, strong associations with substance use and barriers to accessing care offer starting points for workplace interventions to reduce the impact of PTSD in ambulance personnel.
Doppler Measurement of Modulated Light for High Speed Vehicles

Technical details associated with a novel relative motion sensor system are elaborated in the paper. By utilizing the Doppler effect, the optical sensor system estimates the relative motion rates between the sensor and the moving object equipped with modulating light sources and relatively inexpensive electrical components. A transimpedance amplifier (TIA) sensing circuit is employed to measure the Doppler shift exhibited by the amplitude modulated light sources on the moving platform. Implementation details associated with the amplitude modulation and photo-detection processes are discussed using representative hardware elements. A heterodyne mixing process with a reference signal is shown to improve the signal-to-noise ratios of the Doppler shift estimation processing pipeline. Benchtop prototype experiments are used to demonstrate the utility of the proposed technology for relative motion estimation applications.
A study of a dynamic scheduling mechanism to guarantee QoS

disciplína - pre ktoré navrhujeme analytický popis a predkladáme numerické výsledky získané pomocou Markovho reťazca. Je navrhnutý nový mechanizmus nazývaný Dynamic-Weighted Fair Queuing (Dynamic-WFQ), v ktorom výber do frontu závisí od triedy prevádzky a dĺžky frontu. Je uvedený príklad funkcie výberu, ktorý je riešený Markovým reťazcom a výsledky sú potvrdené simuláciou. Nakoniec porovnáme hodnotenie priepustnosti multimediálnu komunikáciu s použitím popísaného spôsobu výberu z frontov. Packet scheduling is one of the key mechanisms that will be used in network elements (switches and routers) for supporting real-time applications in broadband networks. Provision of Quality-of-Service (QoS) guarantees is an important and challenging issue in the design of integrated service packet networks. Scheduling disciplines are an integral part of the problem and are closely related to other aspects of network modeling such as traffic charaterization and QoS specification. In this paper we discuss two priority scheduling mechanisms: Head of Line (HoL) and preemptive discipline; for both, we propose an analytical description and present numerical results obtained by Markov chain. A novel mechanism called Dynamic-Weighted Fair Queuing (Dynamic-WFQ) which depends on the Classes of Service and the queue occupancies is proposed. An example of selection function is solved by Markov Chain and the results are validated by simulation. Finally, we compare the performance evaluation of multimedia communication scheduling algorithms described above.
Current Measurement Offset Error Compensation in Vector-Controlled SPMSM Drive Systems

Current measurement offset errors occur in current sensors and related circuits, because of various factors, such as thermal drift, aging, and nonlinearity. The current offset error results in undesired torque ripples, which deteriorate the speed and torque control performances of vector-controlled drive systems. This study proposes an online current measurement offset error compensator for vector-controlled surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) drive systems. The proposed compensator requires only phase current sensors and no additional hardware. This method is applicable for all systems using two and three phase current sensors. The current offset error is estimated using the motor parameters, stator current, and command voltage in the stationary reference frame. This scheme can continuously adjust the current offset during motor operation. In addition, this study analyzes the effect of parameter errors and confirms that the proposed method is robust to variations in the machine parameters. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the performance of the proposed current measurement offset error compensation method.
Seismic performance of diagrid steel structures using single and double friction mass dampers

The steel diagrid structural system is a recent load bearing and lateral resisting structural system for tall building structures that is relatively unexplored in the western United States. One possible reason for the little use of diagrid systems in earthquake prone regions is the lack of guidelines and application examples illustrating the design and analysis of these structures. In this work, a prototype building with 72 stories is used as an example for which the design and analysis of the diagrid system is performed. To mitigate the possible large displacement and base shear demands that these structures may undergo under seismic events, two new design solutions consisting of one or two friction tuned mass damper (TMD) units are explored. In the first solution, a TMD is placed on the top four stories of the building and is tuned to reduce the contribution of the fundamental mode of vibration of the structure. The second solution uses a double TMD system, in which a second TMD unit - tuned to the second period of the structure – is added at mid-height of the building. Using a nonlinear finite element model of the tuned mass damper, the effectiveness of the friction mass damper design is studied. The mass damper system consists of a concrete tank containing sand or water. The tank is placed in between the building reinforce concrete structural core and the exterior steel diagrid system. This mass damper is connected to the structure using friction pendulum isolators which are chosen due to their ability to undergo large deformations. The models are then subjected to earthquake ground motions from historical shallow crustal and subduction-zone events. Parametric studies are carried out to optimize the mass damper design in improving the seismic performance of the building. Optimization of the seismic performance is assessed in terms of minimization of inter-story drift ratios, base and story forces, as well as floor absolute accelerations. The results show that the single TMD system can reduce significantly the peak base reaction and inter-story drift envelopes. Addition of the second TMD provides further improvements in terms of reducing the peak base reactions, while also producing notable reductions in peak absolute floor accelerations, which are not observed when only one TMD unit is used.
2–2.2 GHz Reconfigurable 1 × 4 Filtering Beamforming Network Using Novel Filtering Switch-Coupler and Twisted Rat-Race Coupler

In this article, a reconfigurable 1 $\times $ 4 filtering beamforming network using a novel filtering switch coupler and twisted broadband rat-race coupler is proposed. The filtering switch coupler is constructed by four evanescent-mode cavity (EVA) resonators that are connected by varactors. By controlling the capacitance value of varactors, switchable 0°, 90°, −90°, or 180° output phase differences at fixed output ports can be obtained. The broadband rat-race coupler is realized by integrating a crossover inside a conventional broadband rat-race coupler. With such a simple technique, the center area of the conventional broadband coupler is fully utilized, resulting in a size reduction; more importantly, the output ports are adjusted to be adjacent to each other, resulting in a convenient position for next-stage connection. By using the proposed filtering switching coupler and twisted broad-band rat-race coupler, a $1\times $ 4 beamforming network is demonstrated. It exhibits more integrated functionalities, including filtering response and reconfigurable center frequencies with a similar amount of circuit components as the conventional Butler matrix network, providing an alternative solution to conventional beamforming networks in recognition radios. Detailed simulation and measurement have been given to demonstrate the techniques.
Image Prefiltering in DeepFake Detection

Artificial intelligence, becoming common technology, creates a lot of new possibilities and dangers. An example can be open source applications that enable swapping faces on images or videos with other faces delivered from other sources. This type of modification is named DeepFake. Since the human eye cannot detect DeepFake, it is crucial to possess a mechanism that would detect such changes. This paper analyses solution based on Spatial Rich Models (SRM) for image prefiltering connecting convolutional neural network VGG16 to increase DeepFake detection with neural networks. For DeepFake detection, a fractional order spatial rich model (FoSRM) is proposed, which was compared with classical SRM filter and integer order derivative operators. In the experiment, we used two different approximation fractional order derivative methods: first based on the mask and second used Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Achieved results we also compare with the original ones and the VGG16 network with an additional layer added to select the parameters of the prefiltering mask automatically. As a result of the work, we questioned the legitimacy of using additional image enrichment by prefiltering when using the convolutional neural network. Additional network layer gave us the best results from the performed experiments.
Regulation of Eye Determination and Regionalization in the Spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum

Animal visual systems are enormously diverse, but their development appears to be controlled by a set of conserved retinal determination genes (RDGs). Spiders are particular masters of visual system innovation, and offer an excellent opportunity to study the evolution of animal eyes. Several RDGs have been identified in spider eye primordia, but their interactions and regulation remain unclear. From our knowledge of RDG network regulation in Drosophila melanogaster, we hypothesize that orthologs of Pax6, eyegone, Wnt genes, hh, dpp, and atonal could play important roles in controlling eye development in spiders. We analyzed the expression of these genes in developing embryos of the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum, both independently and in relation to the eye primordia, marked using probes for the RDG sine oculis. Our results support conserved roles for Wnt genes in restricting the size and position of the eye field, as well as for atonal initiating photoreceptor differentiation. However, we found no strong evidence for an upstream role of Pax6 in eye development, despite its label as a master regulator of animal eye development; nor do eyg, hh or dpp compensate for the absence of Pax6. Conversely, our results indicate that hh may work with Wnt signaling to restrict eye growth, a role similar to that of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in vertebrates.
Heat Shock Transcription Factor CgHSF1 Is Required for Melanin Biosynthesis, Appressorium Formation, and Pathogenicity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are a family of transcription regulators. Although HSFs’ functions in controlling the transcription of the molecular chaperone heat shock proteins and resistance to stresses are well established, their effects on the pathogenicity of plant pathogenic fungi remain unknown. In this study, we analyze the role of CgHSF1 in the pathogenicity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and investigate the underlying mechanism. Failure to generate the Cghsf1 knock-out mutant suggested that the gene is essential for the viability of the fungus. Then, genetic depletion of the Cghsf1 was achieved by inserting the repressive promoter of nitrite reductase gene (PniiA) before its coding sequence. The mutant showed significantly decrease in the pathogenicity repression of appressorium formation, and severe defects in melanin biosynthesis. Moreover, four melanin synthetic genes were identified as direct targets of CgHSF1. Taken together, this work highlights the role of CgHSF1 in fungal pathogenicity via the transcriptional activation of melanin biosynthesis. Our study extends the understanding of fungal HSF1 proteins, especially their involvement in pathogenicity.
ESTIMATING MAMMALIAN ABUNDANCE AND OCCUPANCY IN TROPICAL FOREST INDIAN HIMALAYA, DAMPA TIGER RESERVE, MIZORAM, INDIA

It is common to use noninvasive camera traps for detecting mammals in the Neotropics. However, little research has been conducted to evaluate how effective this method is for monitoring species diversity. In Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR), 43 line-transect surveys and automated acoustic monitoring were carried out between August 2014 and March 2016. This information provides baseline knowledge of global mammal distribution and abundance. Twenty-five mammalian species were identified during the survey, and 15 were confirmed through photographs and direct sightings. Among these species, 6 are endangered, 1 is deficient in data, 1 is lower risk, 11 are vulnerable, 5 are near-threatened, and 16 are of least concern according to the 2010 IUCN Red List. The majority of trapped was Ursus thibetanus, Helarctos malayanus, Neofelis nebulosa, Bos gaurus, Sus scrofta, Rusa unicolor, Hystrix indica and Atherurus marourus. Mammals were found in New Chika (40.57%), Old Chika (19.04%), Malpui (22.85), Tuilut (21.5%), Tuichar (12.63%), IR camp (33.33%) and Pathloi (6.25%). Among the mammals in the area, Sus scrofta (16.26%) was the most abundant. The activity pattern indicates a large carnivorous preferring evening or late at night. Most photos were taken between 4.00 and 10:00 pm and 4.00 to 8:00 am for the Asian black bear and Malayan sun bear, respectively. During the hours of 6-12 pm, small carnivorous animals were active. Study results demonstrate that using camera traps, monitoring programs, and local knowledge could provide precise information about the abundance and distribution of mammals in a reserve that indeed could serve to conserve the species for the long term.
Structure-Based Cyclic Glycoprotein Ibα-Derived Peptides Interfering with von Willebrand Factor-Binding, Affecting Platelet Aggregation under Shear

The plasmatic von Willebrand factor (VWF) circulates in a compact form unable to bind platelets. Upon shear stress, the VWF A1 domain is exposed, allowing VWF-binding to platelet glycoprotein Ib-V-IX (GPIbα chain). For a better understanding of the role of this interaction in cardiovascular disease, molecules are needed to specifically interfere with the opened VWF A1 domain interaction with GPIbα. Therefore, we in silico designed and chemically synthetized stable cyclic peptides interfering with the platelet-binding of the VWF A1 domain per se or complexed with botrocetin. Selected peptides (26–34 amino acids) with the lowest-binding free energy were: the monocyclic mono- vOn Willebrand factoR-GPIbα InTerference (ORbIT) peptide and bicyclic bi-ORbIT peptide. Interference of the peptides in the binding of VWF to GPIb-V-IX interaction was retained by flow cytometry in comparison with the blocking of anti-VWF A1 domain antibody CLB-RAg35. In collagen and VWF-dependent whole-blood thrombus formation at a high shear rate, CLB-RAg35 suppressed stable platelet adhesion as well as the formation of multilayered thrombi. Both peptides phenotypically mimicked these changes, although they were less potent than CLB-RAg35. The second-round generation of an improved peptide, namely opt-mono-ORbIT (28 amino acids), showed an increased inhibitory activity under flow. Accordingly, our structure-based design of peptides resulted in physiologically effective peptide-based inhibitors, even for convoluted complexes such as GPIbα-VWF A1.
Nondestructive inspection of gas turbine blades by active thermography using different fluids

Presence of defects in the gas turbine blades’ affects the blade performance and reduces the blade life. One of the common defects in the internal cooling passages of a gas turbine blade, is residual ceramic created in the blade production stage. This types of defects, can be beneficially detected by using active thermography. In this paper, nondestructive testing of internal cooling passages of a gas turbine blade is conducted by active thermography method using different types of excitations. Carbon dioxide (CO2), hot air, and water-vapor were selected as excitation sources. Inspection with water-vapor stimulations were performed at three different pressures flow rates. Results indicated that the IR thermography tests with water-vapor excitation, provide higher detectability compared to the other methods. However, internal passages were revealed by all of the pre-mentioned excitation methods. Residual ceramic in internal passages of the blade were clearly revealed by application of hot air and water-vapor. Results also indicated that application of the maximum pressure and flow rate, offer a better detectability and visibility. Some surface defects on the gas turbine blades were also been detected by application of water-vapor excitation.