Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Individual differences in risk perception and misperception of COVID‐19 in the context of political ideology

Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic has been characterized by misinformation, politicization of public health, and extreme differences in risk assessment. In two studies, we sought to understand factors that contribute to differences in people's understanding of the virus and associated risks. We found that conservative participants reported higher levels of acceptable risk, have lower risk estimates of activities, and endorsed more misinformation. Participants with personal health risk factors rated COVID‐19 risks as higher, more reflective participants had lower acceptable risk levels, and impulsive participants endorsed more misinformation. In our second study, we also found that reflective participants were more likely to wear a mask, get vaccinated, and maintain social distancing, and that participants judged arguments about COVID‐19 measures largely based on the claim rather than supporting reasons. By clarifying these individual differences, public health experts can more effectively create targeted interventions for at risk populations, and be better prepared for future outbreaks.
Microbial field pilot study. Final report

A multi-well microbially enhanced oil recovery field pilot has been performed in the Southeast Vassar Vertz Sand Unit in Payne County, Oklahoma. The primary emphasis of the experiment was preferential plugging of high permeability zones for the purpose of improving waterflood sweep efficiency. Studies were performed to determine reservoir chemistry, ecology, and indigenous bacteria populations. Growth experiments were used to select a nutrient system compatible with the reservoir that encouraged growth of a group of indigenous nitrate-using bacteria and inhibit growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria. A specific field pilot area behind an active line drive waterflood was selected. Surface facilities were designed and installed. Injection protocols of i, bulk nutrient materials were prepared to facilitate uniform distribution of nutrients within the pilot area. Bythe end of December, 1991, 82.5 tons (75.0 tonnes) of nutrients had been injected in the field. A tracer test identified significant heterogeneity in the SEVVSU and made it necessary to monitor additional production wells in the field. The tracer tests and changes in production behavior indicate the additional production wells monitored during the field trial were also affected. Eighty two and one ha.lr barrels (13.1 m3) of tertiary oil have been recovered. Microbial activity has increased CO2 content as indicated by increased alkalinity. A temporary rise in sulfide concentration was experienced. These indicate an active microbial community was generated in the field by the nutrient injection. Pilot area interwell pressure interference test results showed that significant permeability reduction occurred. The interwell permeabilities in the pilot area between the injector and the three pilot production wells were made more uniform which indicates a successful preferential plugging enhanced oil recovery project.
Emergent research and priorities for shark and ray conservation

Over the past 4 decades there has been a growing concern for the conservation status of elasmobranchs (sharks and rays). In 2002, the first elasmobranch species were added to Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Less than 20 yr later, there were 39 species on Appendix II and 5 on Appendix I. Despite growing concern, effective conservation and management remain challenged by a lack of data on population status for many species, human−wildlife interactions, threats to population viability, and the efficacy of conservation approaches. We surveyed 100 of the most frequently published and cited experts on elasmobranchs and, based on ranked responses, prioritized 20 research questions on elasmobranch conservation. To address these questions, we then convened a group of 47 experts from 35 institutions and 12 countries. The 20 questions were organized into the following broad categories: (1) status and threats, (2) population and ecology, and (3) conservation and management. For each section, we sought to synthesize existing knowledge, describe consensus or diverging views, identify gaps, and suggest promising future directions and research priorities. The resulting synthesis aggregates an array of perspectives on emergent research and priority directions for elasmobranch conservation.
From the street corner to call centre: changes in the characteristics of mental health-related calls for service received by police

ABSTRACT Between 2009 and 2016, New Zealand Police experienced a disproportionate increase in lower-priority mental health-related calls. This exploratory study uses content analysis to identify characteristics of these calls, including reasons for calling police, advice and actions undertaken by communications centres staff, and actions undertaken by frontline officers. Four important findings emerge. First, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of mental health-related calls that did not involve reporting of an offence or emergency (increased from 48% in 2010 to 57% in 2016). Second, there was a significant increase in calls that were initiated by the person who appeared to be experiencing mental illness and distress during the time of the call (increased from 53% to 62%). Third, the way communication centres staff and frontline officers responded to mental health-related calls also changed over time. There was an increased tendency of communications centre staff advising the callers to call back if the situation escalates or if they require further assistance (which increased from 14% to 24%). Fourth, among the events attended by a police unit, there was an increase in the proportion of events where a frontline officer contacted a mental health agency (which increased from 6% of attended events to 10%). Moreover, transportation to a police station decreased (21.7% to 11%) while there were increases in the transportation of a person’s home (2.7% to 6%). Transportation to a mental health facility averaged at 24.9% over the period.
EKSTRAKSI DEDAK PADI MENJADI MINYAK MENTAH DEDAK PADI (CRUDE RICE BRAN OIL) DENGAN PELARUT N-HEXANE DAN ETHANOL

Minyak dedak padi atau lebih dikenal rice bran oil merupakan minyak hasil ekstraksi dedak padi, dimana dalam pengolahannya meliputi dua faktor penting yaitu stabilisasi dan ekstraksi. Minyak dedak padi dapat digunakan sebagai minyak makan (edible oil), sebagai bahan baku pada produk kosmetik dan farmasi. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan waktu optimum pada proses stabilisasi dedak dan proses ekstraksi dengan menggunakan pelarut berupa n-hexane dan ethanol serta menganalisa kandungan % FFA dan densitas dari rendemen minyak mentah dedak padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu optimum untuk stabilisasi adalah 15 menit pada temperatur 110 o C, dan waktu optimum untuk ekstraksi adalah selama 1 jam pada temperatur didih pelarut (solvent) yang digunakan. Hal ini memperkuat dugaan bahwa semakin lama waktu ekstraksi maka semakin tinggi % FFA ( Free Fatty Acid) yang terkandung dalam minyak. Berdasarkan karakteristik minyak yang dihasilkan dari ekstraksi, ternyata pelarut n-hexane memberikan karakteristik baik dibandingkan ethanol.
Damage Assessment of Structures V

This volume presents the proceedings of the fifth in the celebrated series of biennial international conferences on the Damage Assessment of Structures (DAMAS 2003). Studies of damage evolution, location and characterization are primordial aspects of the rapidly expanding field of SHM (structural health monitoring) and are major themes in this volume. In order to analyze efficiently the data-rich information provided by monitoring and by NDE (non-destructive evaluation) techniques, it is necessary to use advanced signal-processing procedures. Therefore, a significant fraction of the present book is dedicated to the optimization of signal processing and computation methods. The proceedings cover those activities relevant to the damage assessment of engineering structures and systems, including the signal processing of sensor measurements and analytical techniques, as well as the discussion of experimental case studies. Among the topics covered are: Damage assessment; Advanced methods of NDT, Recent advances in signal processing and algorithms, Structural integrity, Damage mechanisms, Fatigue damage, Damage location and quantification, Sensors and measurement strategies, Intelligent materials, Knowledge-based systems, Condition monitoring, Biomedical damage detection and analysis and Case studies.
ANALISIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASIPENERIMAAN SISWA BARUBERBASIS CODEIGNITER PHP FRAMEWORKDI SMK MA’ARIF 1 MUNGKID

ANALISIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENERIMAAN SISWA BARU BERBASIS CODEIGNITER PHP FRAMEWORK DI SMK MA’ARIF 1 MUNGKID Oleh: R. Anggit Herdianto NIM. 08520241005 ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Codeigniter PHP Framework. Perangkat lunak ini berfungsi untuk mempermudah proses pendaftaran siswa baru yang selama ini masih menggunakan dokumen kertas dan Microsoft Excel. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menguji perangkat lunak berdasar pada faktor kualitas McCall yang meliputi correctness, reliability, efficiency, integrity, dan usability. Metode penelitian ini adalah Penelitian dan Pengembangan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah Waterfall yang terdiri dari analisis, desain, implementasi, dan pengujian. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari: (1) pengujian correctness menggunakan perhitungan KLOC; (2) pengujian reliability menggunakan Blitz, Loader, LoadImpact, dan Blazemeter; (3) pengujian efficiency menggunakan Pagespeed Insights, YSlow, Pingdom Tools, dan Websitetest; (4) pengujian integrity menggunakan Acunetix dan Netsparker; dan (5) pengujian usability menggunakan angket PSSUQ (Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire) pada lima puluh satu responden yang meliputi guru, tata usaha, dan siswa di SMK Ma’arif 1 Mungkid. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dapat diambil kesimpulan sebagai berikut: (1) hasil dari pengembangan perangkat lunak adalah berupa Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Codeigniter PHP Framework, perangkat lunak tersebut telah memenuhi kebutuhan pihak sekolah; (2) perangkat lunak Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Berbasis Codeigniter PHP Framework telah memenuhi aspek correctness, reliability, efficiency, integrity dan usability. Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi, Penerimaan Siswa Baru, Codeigniter, McCall
TDDB improvement in Cu metallization under bias stress

Time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) between Cu interconnects is investigated. TDDB lifetime strongly depends on the surface condition of the Cu interconnect and surrounding pTEOS. A NH/sub 3/-plamsa treatment prior to cap-pSiN deposition on Cu interconnect improved the dielectric breakdown lifetime (/spl tau//sub BD/) over cap-pSiN deposition only. The plasma treatment also has the beneficial effect of suppressing wiring resistance increase during pSiN deposition. These results suggest that CuO reduction to Cu, and CuN formation at the Cu interconnect surface prevents Cu silicidation during pSiN deposition. Furthermore, SiN formation and bond termination by hydrogen radicals at the pTEOS surface diminish surface defects, such as dangling bonds. TDDB lifetime also strongly depends on the Cu CMP process, in which mechanical damage of the SiO/sub 2/ surface during CMP process degrades TDDB. Adoption of a mechanical damage free slurry or a post-CMP HF treatment to remove the damaged layer from the surface improves TDDB.
COMPUTATIONAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GEOMETRY OF ALIGNED CARBON NANOTUBES IN POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES

The paper considers nanocomposites, reinforced with aligned carbon nanotubes (A- CNTs). Nominally aligned, the CNTs in the forest are wavy, which has important consequences in downgraded mechanical properties, and influences electric and thermal performance. The most detailed geometrical model of A-CNTs was proposed by Stein and Wardle (Nanotechnology, 27:035701, 2015). It creates a centerline trajectory of a CNT in steps, each step defining a section of the CNT, growing in the alignment direction with certain deviations. The paper, starting from this framework, formulates a model of the CNT geometry, which is based on the concept of correlation length of the CNT waviness and maximum admissible CNT curvature and torsion. The value of the maximum curvature can be linked to the buckling criteria for CNTs, or derived from ab initio and finite element modelling. It is used as a limiting factor for the growth, defining the waviness and tortuosity of the CNTs. The CNTs in the forest are placed in a random non-regular way, using Voronoi tessellation. The full paper includes investigation of the proposed algorithm for several values of the CNT volume fraction (in the range 0.5%…8%), the dependency of the modelled geometry on the curvature, and the apparent twist of the CNT centerlines. The modelling results are compared with experimental observations in 3D TEM imaging.
Control of mobile robots for the push-a-box operation

We consider the situation where an intelligent mobile robot goes through a corridor-like path pushing a box. During the mission, we assume the robot is off the course, and comes very near to a wall. To avoid the collision, the robot must, first, stop the operation, examines the surrounding situation, and does some adjusting operations if necessary, and finally rebuild a new plan to return to the previous trajectory. This is a scenario which we dealt with in this paper. First, we derive the combined equation of motion for a mobile robot and an object, which is a good model for the computer simulation. We define the motion where a robot is controlled to run on a straight line. Using this controlled linear motion we prove that an object can be rotated without any significant translational movement. After an object is rotated to an appropriate position, the robot enters the continuous pushing operation to return to the former path. We have written a simulation program for a workstation, and built an experimental mobile robot. The proposed algorithms are programmed in the control computer of the robot. The feasibility of our algorithm has been proven by the actual experiments and also by the computer simulations. <<ETX>>
Gel-Based Luminescent Conductive Materials and Their Applications in Biosensors and Bioelectronics

The gel is an ideal platform for fabricating materials for bio-related applications due to its good biocompatibility, adjustable mechanical strength, and flexible and diversified functionalization. In recent decades, gel-based luminescent conductive materials that possess additional luminescence and conductivity simultaneously advanced applications in biosensors and bioelectronics. Herein, a comprehensive overview of gel-based luminescent conductive materials is summarized in this review. Gel-based luminescent conductive materials are firstly outlined, highlighting their fabrication methods, network structures, and functions. Then, their applications in biosensors and bioelectronics fields are illustrated. Finally, challenges and future perspectives of this emerging field are discussed with the hope of inspire additional ideas.
‘It’s Easily the Lowest I’ve Ever, Ever Got to’: A Qualitative Study of Young Adults’ Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Lockdowns in the UK

(1) Background: Social connectivity is key to young people’s mental health. Local assets facilitate social connection, but were largely inaccessible during the pandemic. This study consequently investigates the social isolation of young adults and their use of local assets during the COVID-19 lockdowns in the UK. (2) Methods: Fifteen semi-structured Zoom interviews were undertaken with adults aged 18–24 in the UK. Recruitment took place remotely, and transcripts were coded and analysed thematically. (3) Results: Digital assets were key to young people’s social connectivity, but their use was associated with stress, increased screen time and negative mental health outcomes. The lockdowns impacted social capital, with young people’s key peripheral networks being lost, yet close friendships being strengthened. Finally, young people’s mental health was greatly affected by the isolation, but few sought help, mostly out of a desire to not overburden the NHS. (4) Conclusions: This study highlights the extent of the impact of the pandemic isolation on young people’s social capital and mental health. Post-pandemic strategies targeting mental health system strengthening, social isolation and help-seeking behaviours are recommended.
Semianalytical Solutions of Some Nonlinear-Time Fractional Models Using Variational Iteration Laplace Transform Method

In this work, we combined two techniques, the variational iteration technique and the Laplace transform method, in order to solve some nonlinear-time fractional partial differential equations. Although the exact solutions may exist, we introduced the technique VITM that approximates the solutions that are difficult to find. Even a single iteration best approximates the exact solutions. The fractional derivatives being used are in the Caputo-Fabrizio sense. The reliability and efficiency of this newly introduced method is discussed in details from its numerical results and their graphical approximations. Moreover, possible consequences of these results as an application of fixed-point theorem are placed before the experts as an open problem.
Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000

The next-day load forecasting is complex due to the load pattern variations driven by external factors such as weather and time. This study proposes a hybrid model that incorporates the Classification And Regression Tree (CART) with pruning conditions and a Deep Belief Network (DBN) to improve forecasting accuracy. The CART can recognize the load patterns by classifying similar groups with low variance, thus reducing the complexity of the forecasting model. The actual 48-period load data from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) is used. The proposed model is compared with five widely used standalone forecasting benchmark models and provides better performance at the minimum 0.46% MAPE. Moreover, the forecasting performance of DBN and the other four benchmark models are improved by using our hybrid approach. INDEX TERMS Classification and Regression Tree (CART), Daily load forecasting, Deep Belief Network (DBN), Forecasting accuracy, Pruned-CART.
Qualitative risk assessment.

Codex Alimentarius (Codex) and World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) state that qualitative and quantitative risk assessments have equal validity. In this context “validity” means that, if all the requirements of each of the methods are equally well met, then these two methods are equally valid. This implies that, for these bodies at least, specific requirements must be met for acceptance as a valid qualitative risk assessment. This chapter describes such requirements, giving guidelines as to how they may be achieved and indicating some of the difficulties encountered and issues that arise. In both the Codex and OIE systems, a risk assessment is the term used to describe the complete process of assessing a risk. In both systems it is broken down into several stages. Looking specifically at Codex, those stages include hazard identification and hazard characterization, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Qualitative risk assessments have been used extensively in import risk assessments of food products intended for human consumption, especially those of animal origin. Specific issues concerned with qualitative risk assessments discussed in this chapter include the reasons for use of a qualitative risk assessment, the differences between a complete qualitative risk assessment and the specific step of qualitative risk characterization (sometimes less distinct than in a quantitative risk assessment), and the complementary nature of qualitative and quantitative risk assessments.
Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents

The use of nanomaterials alone or in composites with proteins is a promising alternative to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study used seed proteins from both fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) (FNP) and mung bean (Viga radiate) (MNP), with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and nanocomposites of either Ag-NPs plus FNP (Ag-FNP) or Ag-NPs plus MNP (Ag-MNP) as inhibitory agents against pathogenic bacteria. FNP and MNP were isolated from fenugreek seeds and mung bean seeds, respectively, and fractionated using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). Both FNP and MNP were immobilized with Ag-NPs to synthesize the nanocomposites Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of Ag-NPs and their composites with proteins were studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), the zeta potential, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm (BET), elucidating their structural parameters, size distribution, size charges, size surface morphology, particle shape, dimensional forms of particles, and specific surface area, respectively. The sole proteins, Ag-NPs, and their nanocomposites inhibited pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The inhibitory activities of both nanocomposites (Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP) were more than those obtained by either Ag-NPs or proteins (FNP, MNP). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Ag-FNP were very low (20 and 10 µg mL−1) against Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aerugenosa, respectively, but higher (162 µg mL−1) against E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes. MICs of Ag-MNP were also very low (20 µg mL−1) against Staphylococcus aureus but higher (325 µg mL−1) against Listeria monocytogenes. TEM images of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium, treated with Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, at their MIC values, showed asymmetric, wrinkled exterior surfaces, cell deformations, cell depressions, and diminished cell numbers.