Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
French and Kreyòl in multilingual Haiti: insights on the relationship between language attitudes, language policy, and literacy from Haitian Gonâviens

ABSTRACT This targeted, qualitative study examines language attitudes, educational language policy, and literacy in an underrepresented segment of Haiti’s multilingual society. Drawing on decolonizing theory, we take a critical stance, arguing that colonial language ideologies that privilege French and disempower Kreyòl are reproduced in the marginalization of Kreyòl in Haitian schools, which results in low literacy levels and exacerbates postcolonial power dynamics and socioeconomic inequalities. Most Haitians are monolingual speakers of Kreyòl, but most schooling is conducted in French, a language spoken only by an elite minority. Previous studies on Creolophones’ language attitudes have not focused on beliefs about community language use and have excluded the voices of Haitians who are non-urban and who have basic literacy or are illiterate. This study is an important first step in addressing this gap. Thirteen participant interviews were analyzed using content analysis. Findings revealed a complex set of attitudes and orientations toward Kreyòl, French, and educational language policy, with participants at times resisting and at times aligning with colonial ideologies. Overall, the majority displayed positive language attitudes toward Kreyòl as a language of cultural identity, and believed Kreyòl should be used for literacy education. Preliminary implications for language policy and future research are discussed.
Container Shipment Demand Forecasting in the Australian Shipping Industry: A Case Study of Asia–Oceania Trade Lane

Demand forecasting has a pivotal role in making informed business decisions by predicting future sales using historical data. Traditionally, demand forecasting has been widely used in the management of production, staffing and warehousing for sales and marketing data. However, the use of demand forecasting has little been studied in the container shipping industry. Improved visibility into the demand for container shipments has been a long-held objective of industry stakeholders. This paper addresses the shortcomings of both short-term and long-term shipment demand forecasting for the Australian container shipping industry. In this study, we compare three forecasting models, namely, the seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA), Holt–Winters’ seasonal method and Facebook’s Prophet, to find the best fitting model for short-term and long-term import demand forecasting in the Australian shipping industry. Demand data from three years, i.e., 2016–2018, is used for the Asia–Oceania trade lane. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean squared error (RMSE) and 2-fold walk-forward cross-validation are used for the model evaluation. The experiment results observed from the selected metrics suggest that Prophet outperforms the other models in its comparison for container shipment demand forecasting.
PRECARIOUS, MORE PRECARIOUS, MOST PRECARIOUS? THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF WASTE PICKERS IN THE KAROO

Towns in the Karoo region currently offer few income‑generating opportunities, resulting in people seeking informal waste‑picking opportunities on the streets and landfills. This article aims to investigate the level of precariousness of waste pickers in the context of the Karoo towns in comparison with the rest of South Africa using Sen’s capability approach. A cross‑sectional research design was used, interviewing 75 informal landfill waste pickers and 23 street waste pickers in nine Karoo towns. The results indicated that, in some respects, the situation of the Karoo waste pickers is more precarious than those in other areas of South Africa
The Impacts of COVID-19 Crisis upon the Consumer Behaviours in Mueang Khon Kaen District, Thailand

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is widely spread across the world. The COVID-19 lockdown policy has forced dine-in restaurants and cafes to close. Consequently, there is a plunge in the global economy into severe recession due to less economic activities. On the other hand, the demand for online food delivery services has increased during this period. As a result, the changes in consumer behaviours during the COVID-19 crisis are taken into consideration. Are the COVID-19 crisis and the changes in consumer behaviours related? Due to the new model of consumption, our study aims to observe and discern the relationship between COVID-19 crisis and changes in consumer behaviours. Data were collected by a questionnaire asking about participants’ general information, the impacts of COVID-19 on other relevant aspects, and the changes in consumer behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey samples, including the population in Mueang Khon Kaen District, Thailand, were randomly selected through a random sampling method with a total of 634 respondents (241 males, 380 females, and 13 others). Our results revealed that the respondents have been highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and their consumer behaviours have been changed significantly compared to the pre-pandemic period. Additionally, statistical analyses showed that there is a significant correlation between the COVID-19 pandemic and the changes in consumer behaviours. This study could serve as a guideline of further studies about the COVID-19 pandemic and consumer behaviours, which can be appropriately adopted in the era for the new normal.
The Redevelopment of the Nova Scotia Home for Colored Children: A Case for Trauma-Informed Urban Planning Practices

ABSTRACT The field of urban planning and its scholarship, while acknowledging harmful development practices for marginalized groups, has not directly engaged in alternative, trauma-informed planning processes at the municipal level. Social work and law have a scholarly tradition of acknowledging trauma and providing frameworks for carrying out trauma-informed practice; planning scholars have proposed models like therapeutic planning, but lack an understanding of how to formalize such approaches. We use the case study of the redevelopment of the Nova Scotia Home for Colored Children to provide lessons and recommendations for how planners might codify trauma-informed practices into formal processes.
Tandem Oxidation-Dehydrogenation of (Hetero)Arylated Primary Alcohols via Perruthenate Catalysis

Tandem oxidative-dehydrogenation of primary alcohols to give alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes in one pot are rare transformations in organic synthesis, with only two methods currently available. Reported herein is a novel method using the bench-stable salt methyltriphenylphosphonium perruthenate (MTP3), and a new co-oxidant NEMO center dot PF6 (NEMO = N-ethyl-N-hydroxymorpholinium) which provides unsaturated aldehydes in low to moderate yields. The Ley-Griffith oxidation of (hetero)arylated primary alcohols with N-oxide co-oxidants NMO (NMO = N-methylmorpholine N-oxide)/NEMO, is expanded by addition of the N-oxide salt NEMO center dot PF6 to convert the intermediate saturated aldehyde into its unsaturated counterpart. The discovery, method development, reaction scope, and associated challenges of this method are highlighted. The conceptual value of late-stage dehydrogenation in natural product synthesis is demonstrated via the synthesis of a polyene scaffold related to auxarconjugatin B.
Ambient Temperature Modulates Dissipation and Redistribution of Chlorpyrifos and 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-Pyridinol in Paddy Field

ABSTRACT Chlorpyrifos is an extensively used insecticide in the agriculture worldwide and was often detected in both surface waters and groundwater, posing threats to local residents’ health. Temporal changes and environmental fate of chlorpyrifos and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP; the main degradation product of chlorpyrifos) were studied in field paddy lysimeters. On the other hand, batch sorption tests of both chlorpyrifos and TCP and dissipation test of chlorpyrifos under submerged condition were conducted for the paddy soil in the laboratory. Following field application, concentration of chlorpyrifos in the floodwater decreased rapidly by >90% of the initial concentration in the first two days. Higher temperature during the daytime, as compared to the nighttime, could not only lead to larger dissipation rates of chlorpyrifos and TCP in the floodwater in the first two days, but also cause greater release of TCP into the soil pore water for more days. A rain event at an early time (i.e., day 2) caused a transient peak release of chlorpyrifos and TCP into the soil pore water; however, no such changes occurred upon later rain or irrigation event(s). In future studies, due attention should be paid to the risk of the runoff and leaching of the weakly sorbing TCP.
Validity and Reliability of Community Satisfaction Measurement Instrument in Health Care Institution

The Community Satisfaction Survey is mandatory based on Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Regulation number 14 in the year of 2017. An alternative measurement tool has been developed by expanding the measurement items. The research objective was to explore the validity and reliability of public satisfaction instruments in health institutions. The design was non-experimental, with a quantitative and cross sectional approach. The research was carried out in two entities, namely primary health care and hospital. Data collection using the IKM-29 questionnaire. Data processing with Rasch modeling and winsteps application. The results showed that the item reliability at PHC and hospital was 0.95 and 0.97 with Cronbach's alpha 0.95. The separation is more than 3 and the raw variance is more than 40%. In the two entities there are several different misfit items. Item 8 related to the perception of waiting time has a high degree of difficulty and is paradoxical. The results of the analysis show that the instrument is valid and reliable enough to be used as an alternative measurement of community satisfaction in PHC and Hospitals.
THE REPRESENTATION OF MEXICAN CULTURE IN DISNEY PIXAR’S MOVIE ENTITLED “COCO”

The aims of this research are (1) to find out the meaning of the day of the dead holiday (Día de Los Muertos) based on the movie; (2) to elaborate on the importance of the day of the dead holiday (Día de Los Muertos); and (3) to find out how to deal with a family conflict during the day of the dead holiday (Día de Los Muertos). This study uses a qualitative approach to address research problems as it enables the researcher to perform in-depth studies of a specific phenomenon. The findings or this research are (1) The meaning of the day of the dead holiday (Día de Los Muertos) based on Coco has some indicators such as symbols, heroes, and ritual (2) How the main character deals with his family conflict is that (a) The conflict which comes from the family culture is making the main character to become a rebel. Conflict is highly present in families; however, in general, the presence of conflict is not problematic by itself. (b) parents are making decisions about what they consider is best for all family members.
Analysis of the dynamic air conditioning loads, fuel consumption and emissions of heavy-duty trucks with different glazing and paint optical properties

Abstract The European transportation sector employs 10 million people and accounts for 4.6% of the European Union GDP. Due to climate change, this workforce is increasingly affected by high temperatures and radiant loads, particularly during summer. They rely on air conditioning (AC) to minimize heat inside the truck cabins, increasing fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions. Because sustainable transportation is crucial for climate change mitigation, we developed a numerical investigation on the dynamic thermal exchanges of cabins of heavy-duty trucks in realistic conditions of a summer workday, to quantify the potential impact of interventions in the glazing and paint optical properties, over the truck AC loads. We observed that the changes in air temperature and solar irradiation throughout the workday imply substantial variations in the truck’s AC loads and, consequently, in its fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions. Furthermore, windshields and side windows with transmissivity of 0.33 instead of typical 0.79 and 0.84, respectively, can reduce AC loads by up to 16%. External paints with reflectivity of 0.70 instead of 0.04 can reduce the AC loads by up to 30%, whereas cumulative changes to glazing and paint can reduce the AC load by up to 40%. These interventions can lower fuel consumption and emissions by up to 0.4%. These results show that important improvements in fuel efficiency and tailpipe emissions are possible, if the research community, policy makers and industry stakeholders successfully promote the adaptation of the European transportation fleet.
Comprehensive Analysis of IPT v/s CPT for Wireless EV Charging and Effect of Capacitor Plate Shape and Foreign Particle on CPT

In this paper, the analysis and discussion are presented for two prominent types of wireless charging, namely inductive power transfer (IPT) and capacitive power transfer (CPT). The paper presents a comparative analysis between CPT and IPT. A comparison between different geometries of plates used in CPT is performed and it is shown that rectangular-shaped plates have the best power transfer efficiency. The effect of foreign particles between the capacitor plates of a single-module as well as a double-module CPT system on capacitance and energy transfer density are also investigated in the paper. The case of ceramic coating on the capacitor plates and its effects on the capacitance and energy transfer density with varying thickness are analyzed and presented. Different naturally occurring particles such as water, sand and wet sand have been simulated between the capacitor plates of the CPT system and their respective impact on power transfer is analyzed and the simulation results are demonstrated.
Undercurrents in the Northeastern Black Sea Detected on the Basis of Multi-Model Experiments and Observations

Numerical simulation results of the Black Sea circulation obtained by four ocean dynamics models are compared to each other and to in situ data in order to determine the features of the Black Sea deep-water circulation such as deep-water undercurrents. The year 2011 is chosen as the test period due to the availability of deep-sea observations, including ARGO profiles and ADCP current velocities. Validation of the simulation results is based on comparison with the temperature and salinity measured by the ARGO floats. Anticyclonic currents (undercurrents) under the cyclonic Rim Current are detected by the results of all numerical models near the North Caucasian coast. The main characteristics of undercurrents are consistent with in situ data on current velocity up to a depth of 1000 m obtained by the Aqualog probe at the IO RAS test site near Gelendzhik in June 2011. The analysis of the spatio-temporal variability of the modeled salinity and velocity fields reveals that the most probable origin of the undercurrents is the horizontal density gradient of seawater in the region.
USER’S PERCEPTIONS OF SACREDNESS (Case Study: Catholic Churches in Indonesia)

Sacredness in Catholic churches has two aspects: sacredness derived from the purpose and activities of worship and sacredness that arises from the physical and spatial aspects of a church building. The purpose of this study was to reveal factors that affect sacredness in Catholic churches from the perspective of the worshiper. The researchers conducted an exploratory qualitative research to collect text data related to the perception of Catholic church sacredness. The data were collected through an online questionnaire. The researchers also conducted an explanatory quantitative research to uncover the relationship between level of church sacredness and physical and nonphysical factors. The results showed that the ‘sacred spirit’ factor tends to be more dominant in affecting church sacredness compared to ‘sacred object’. Worshipers measure church sacredness according to ‘devoted reflection’, ‘relationship with God’, ‘quality of space’, ‘enclosure acculturation’, and ‘building style’.
Bortezomib and Rituximab in de-novo adolescent/adult CD20-positive, Ph-negative Pre B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The expression of CD20 in precursor B-cell ALL is associated with poor outcomes. The addition of rituximab to intensive chemotherapy in CD-20 positive ALL has led to improved outcomes in several studies. However, there is no clear evidence regarding the optimal number of doses and its benefit without an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Achieving measurable residual disease (MRD) negative status post-induction would reduce the requirement for a transplant. Novel approaches are needed to induce a higher proportion of MRD negative complete responses in patients with high-risk ALL. Given bortezomib's activity in relapsed ALL and its synergism with rituximab in B-cell lymphomas, the addition of bortezomib to rituximab and chemotherapy may provide an incremental benefit in CD20-positive-precursor B-cell ALL. We conducted a phase II study to test the activity of bortezomib and rituximab in combination with a pediatric-inspired regimen during induction therapy in newly diagnosed adolescents and adults (>14 years of age) with CD20-positive, Philadelphia (Ph)-negative precursor B- ALL, with bone marrow MRD negativity at the end of induction (EOI) as the primary endpoint. From December 2017 through August 2019, a total of 35 patients were enrolled. EOI-MRD-negative status was achieved in 70.99% of patients, as opposed to 51.7% in the historical cohort treated with chemotherapy alone. MRD negative rates improved to 87.5% post-consolidation. At a median follow-up of 21 months, the event-free survival and overall survival were 78.8% [95% CI - 66%- 94%] and 78.7% [95% CI - 65.8%- 94%], respectively. There was no significant increase in toxicity with bortezomib and rituximab compared to the historical cohort. The incidence of neuropathy was 26% (all less than grade 3). The combination of bortezomib, rituximab, and a pediatric-inspired ALL regimen is active and well-tolerated in de-novo CD20-positive Ph-negative precursor B-ALL. This trial is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India, CTRI/2017/04/008393.
Hierarchical Stream Clustering Based NEWS Summarization System

: News feed is one of the potential information providing sources which give updates on various topics of different domains. These updates on various topics need to be collected since the domain specific interested users are in need of important updates in their domains with organized data from various sources. In this paper, the news summarization system is proposed for the news data streams from RSS feeds and Google news. Since news stream analysis requires live content, the news data are continuously collected for our experimentation. The major contributions of this work involve domain corpus based news collection, news content extraction, hierarchical clustering of the news and summarization of news. Many of the existing news summarization systems lack in providing dynamic content with domain wise representation. This is alleviated in our proposed system by tagging the news feed with domain corpuses and organizing the news streams with the hierarchical structure with topic wise representation. Further, the news streams are summarized for the users with a novel summarization algorithm. The proposed summarization system generates topic wise summaries effectively for the user and no system in the literature has handled the news summarization by collecting the data dynamically and organizing the content hierarchically. The proposed system is compared with existing systems and achieves better results in generating news summaries. The Online news content editors are highly benefitted by this system for instantly getting the news summaries of their domain interest.
Visible Light Communication System Technology Review: Devices, Architectures, and Applications

Visible light communication (VLC) is an advanced, highly developed optical wireless communication (OWC) technology that can simultaneously provide lighting and high-speed wireless data transmission. A VLC system has several key advantages: ultra-high data rate, secure communication channels, and a lack of interference from electromagnetic (EM) waves, which enable a wide range of applications. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been considered the optimal choice for VLC systems since they can provide excellent illumination performance. However, the quantum confinement Stark effect (QCSE), crystal orientation, carrier lifetime, and recombination factor will influence the modulation bandwidth, and the transmission performance is severely limited. To solve the insufficient modulation bandwidth, micro-LEDs (μ-LEDs) and laser diodes (LDs) are considered as new ideal light sources. Additionally, the development of modulation technology has dramatically increased the transmission capacity of the system. The performance of the VLC system is briefly discussed in this review article, as well as some of its prospective applications in the realms of the industrial Internet of Things (IoT), vehicle communications, and underwater wireless network applications.
Phylogenetic Underpinning of Groundwater Use by Trees

Root water uptake (RWU) strategies shape climate‐vegetation feedbacks and ecosystem productivity. A fundamental relationship between RWU strategies and evolutionary histories (phylogeny) of trees, however, remains poorly understood. Establishing a phylogenetic basis for tree RWU, particularly groundwater use, could improve their representation in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) that are crucial for understanding hydrologic and ecosystem responses to climate perturbations. We explored possible phylogenetic bases for tree RWU using two independent data sets: (a) observed root and local groundwater depths representing 502 tree species, and (b) groundwater, soil, and xylem water isotopic evidence for groundwater uptake representing 412 species. Maximum rooting depths (RDMAX), the ratio between RDMAX and mean water table depth (WT) (RDMAX/WT), and isotopic evidence of groundwater uptake showed significant phylogenetic signals, suggesting that tree RWU strategies are more similar among closely related species. Our findings may be used to parameterize species‐level RWU in TBMs, particularly for data‐poor regions.
Does the Incomplete Exchange Rate Pass-through Exist in Sudan?

The purpose of this paper is to examine the nominal exchange rate pass-through to domestic prices in Sudan from 1978–2017. An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration is employed. The analysis is based on impulse response functions (IRFs) and forecast error variance decompositions (FEVDs). The dynamics of the cointegrated system can be investigated via the variance decompositions and IRFs. The findings confirm that the degree of exchange rate pass-through in Sudan is incomplete, and the empirical results also show that the domestic price index is predominantly caused by foreign price in both the short and long runs, in addition to the import price index and the nominal exchange rate; the exchange rate shock has a negative effect on the domestic price. Furthermore, FEVDs analysis illustrates that the variation in domestic price is primarily determined by the import prices, while changes in the exchange rate are primarily determined by the exchange rate itself.