Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“ Simultaneous Acquisition of Spatial Harmonics ( SMASH ) : Fast Imaging with Radiofrequency Coil Arrays

The invention relates to a method for obtaining images by means of magnetic resonance (MR) of an object placed in a Static magnetic field which method includes Simultaneous measurement of a number Sets of MR signals by application gradients and an array of receiver coils, reconstruction of a number of receiver coil images from the Sets MR signals measured and reconstruction of a final image from a distant dependent Sensitivity of the receiver coils and the first plurality of receiver coil images. In order to reduce the acquisition time the number of phase encoding Steps corre sponding to the phase-encoding gradient is reduced with a reduction factor compared to Standard Fourier imaging, while a same field of view is maintained as in Standard Fourier imaging. In this way fast cardiac imaging may be possible. According to the invention the calculation of complicated matrix inversion can be simplified by determin ing of an image vector of the final image from a combination of a generalized inverse of a Sensitivity matrix and a receiver coil image vector. In this way aliasing artifacts in the final image are reduced. Furthermore, the reconstruction method enables application of non integer reduction factors.
Convex Optimization 1 Motivation 1 . 1 Sparse regression

In our description of linear regression in the notes on the SVD, we observed that the performance of linear regression degrades when the number of features is close to the number of training data. This makes sense: the number of parameters of a model should be significantly smaller than the number of measurements used to fit it. However, when the number of features is very large, it is often possible to achieve accurate prediction using only a subset of them. Selecting a useful subset of features is a crucial problem in statistics, known as model selection. Consider a linear regression problem with p features associated to a coefficient vector ~ β ∈ R. The goal of model selection is to find a set of indices I ⊂ {1, . , p}, such that the response y ∈ R is well approximated by the corresponding features,
Monoterpene Chemical Speciation with High Time Resolution Using a FastGC/PTR-MS: Results from the COV3ER Experiment on Quercus ilex

Monoterpenes (MTs) represent an important family of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in terms of amount and chemical diversity. This family has been extensively studied using gas chromatography (GC) and proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). Upon recent advances with Fast Gas Chromatography (FastGC), it was also commercialized with proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) instruments. The combination of both techniques showed promising results in the near real-time separation of isomers, with the need of further improvements. In this study, a FastGC prototype was coupled to a conventional PTR-MS (PTR-QuadMS). Extensive laboratory experiments were performed, in order to test the system’s performance and to optimize its operational parameters for MT separation. The detection limit was determined to be around 0.8–1.7 ppbv, depending on the MT. The system was afterwards deployed during a three-week field campaign in a mixed holm oak (Quercus ilex) forest known for its important MT emissions. MTs were measured in the incoming and the outgoing air of dynamic enclosures installed on the branches of four different trees. Three chemotypes of holm oak trees could be distinguished showing consistently different proportions of the emitted MTs throughout the measurement campaign: pinene-type, myrcene-type and limonene-type. Measurements showed a systematic diel variation in emissions typical of light and temperature-dependent, de novo-synthesized VOCs. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the FastGC/PTR-MS system for continuous measurements from dynamic chambers in the field, whereas further improvements would be necessary to lower the detection limit for ambient air measurements.
CORONARY STENOSIS ASSESSMENT BY CCTA

Since the introduction of CCTA many studies and multicentre trials have been performed to assess the accuracy of CCTA to detect coronary stenosis ≥50% luminal diameter stenosis compared to invasive quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). CCTA is currently considered the best non invasive test for detection of coronary stenosis compared to exercise treadmill. Exercise stress test, stress echo as well as nuclear single photon emission CT (SPECT) imaging. Based on results of several metanalyses, we know that CCTA has the highest negative predictive value (NPV) of usually >98% (range 83–98%) and highest sensitivity usually >90% (range 81–91%) compared to these other non invasive tests [1]. The high sensitivity and high NPV of these results means that CCTA can be used to detect and exclude ≥50% obstructive stenosis. We also know that CCTA has a relatively low positive predictive value (PPV) for detection of stenosis ≥50%, ranging from 61–92%, and this means an excessive rate of false positive CTA findings as coronary stenosis tends to be overestimated by CTA. This potentially decreases the value of CTA as it may result in an increase in follow up tests including invasive coronary angiography and this can be considered a weakness of CTA for clinical use. Most of the reported studies and multicentre trials were performed in expert academic centers, often using consensus of 2 expert readers, unlimited time to analyse the images as well as exclusion of uninterpretable segments from analysis so in daily clinical practice one should not expect such good results. Similarly the very high NPV of CCTA means that one should be able to confidently exclude significant coronary stenosis ≥50% by CCTA. However if image quality is suboptimal due to motion (e.g., irregular or fast heart rates in spite of betablockade) or increased noise (e.g., very obese patients) then the NPV is reduced. The presence of calcified plaques also has a significant effect on PPV and NPV results and is discussed further in this review. In clinical practice, to guide further management, clinicians require quantification of coronary stenosis when coronary artery disease (CAD) is present on CTA, not just detection of stenosis ≥50% or to rule out presence of CAD. There have been far fewer studies on quantification of stenosis and most studies have shown cc This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CVIA What Do We Currently Know and Not Know about Coronary CT Angiography?
Transgenerational effects of extreme weather: perennial plant offspring show modified germination, growth and stoichiometry

Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and magnitude of extreme climatic events. These changes will directly affect plant individuals and populations and thus modify plant community composition. Little is known, however, about transgenerational effects (i.e. the influence of the parental environment on offspring phenotype and performance beyond the effects of transmitted genes) of climate extremes and community composition. Perennial plants have been particularly neglected. This impedes projections on species adaptations and population dynamics under climate change. Maternal plants of two widespread dwarf‐shrub species (Genista tinctoria and Calluna vulgaris) recurrently experienced extreme weather event manipulations each year (drought and heavy rain). To test for transgenerational effects of community composition, C. vulgaris maternal plants were grown in communities differing in the number of neighbouring species. After 6 years, seeds of maternal plants were collected at least 2 months after the final weather treatments. We assessed transgenerational effects of the extreme events and of altered community composition on germination and monitored the development of offspring over 2 years. We show that extreme events experienced by maternal plants influence offspring germination and growth beyond the seedling stage. Seeds produced by maternal plants experiencing stress, indicated by increased tissue dieback, germinated earlier in both observed species. We observed differences in leaf stoichiometry and growth rates for G. tinctoria offspring throughout the first year: Offspring from heavy rain‐treated mothers showed reduced leaf C:N ratio and higher growth rates. Results further indicate that not only community density, as investigated in prior studies, but also community composition trigger transgenerational effects. Synthesis. Our findings show that variation in the maternal environment not only affects the number, but also the performance of offspring. Extreme climatic events, terminated before seed set, induce transgenerational effects. Species richness of mother communities can affect the stress level of target species and thereby germination regardless of community density. In contrast to prior studies, which revealed direct effects of chronic stress on plant individuals, this study emphasizes the importance of addressing transgenerational effects of extreme weather events when projecting future ecological responses and adaptation to climate change.
Synthesis of Some New Carbazole-Metal Complexes and Their Thermal, Electronic, Spectral and Catalytic Alkene Oxidation Properties

Two new ligands [(E)-4-chloro-2-((9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methyleneamino)phenol, (E)-2-bromo-4-chloro-6-((9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methyleneamino)phenol] and their Cobalt (II), Manganese (II) and Nickel (II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized through various spectroscopic techniques (NMR, UV, IR, Mass etc.). Synthesized compounds have been examined for their catalytic activities in the oxidation reactions of styrene and cyclohexene. Manganese (II) complexes of both ligands showed the highest catalytic activity in alkene oxidations. Synthesized complex compounds proved that they could be used as catalysts in organic reactions requiring high temperatures. Electronic features of all the new compounds have also been reported for the first time with this paper.
Overview of laser-welded thin-walled joints fatigue performance and a statistical method for defect analysis

Welding always has a deteriorating effect on fatigue strength in structures under dynamic loading. Weld joints induce discontinuity in structure geometry and the microstructure. Welding induced discontinuity, and defects allow for potential fatigue cracks that lead to the failure of welded parts or structures. The laser welding process differs from conventional arc welding in process and joint type. The most significant advantage in laser welding comes from the deep penetrating mode of welding, which also brings challenges to the soundness of the weld. The benefits of laser welding are most evident in the manufacture of sheet metal products such as sandwich panels. In literature, laser welding is generally dealt with by using different parts of the overall process without taking the fatigue point of view into account. In this article, the process of laser welding is discussed, while keeping fatigue strength in perspective. The fatigue data of laser welded joints is studied in order to find defect distribution that explains fatigue strength distribution in tests. The suitability of traditional fatigue assessment for laser welding is also discussed.
Robust Longitudinally Variable Responses of the ITCZ to a Myriad of Climate Forcings

We evaluate the longitudinal variation in meridional shifts of the tropical rainbelt in response to natural and anthropogenic forcings using a large suite of coupled climate model simulations. We find that the energetic framework of the zonal mean Hadley cell is generally not useful for characterizing shifts of the rainbelt at regional scales, regardless of the characteristics of the forcing. Forcings with large hemispheric asymmetry such as extratropical volcanic forcing, meltwater forcing, and the Last Glacial Maximum give rise to robust zonal mean shifts of the rainbelt; however, the direction and magnitude of the shift vary strongly as a function of longitude. Even the Pacific rainband does not shift uniformly under any forcing considered. Forcings with weak hemispheric asymmetry such as CO2 and mid‐Holocene forcing give rise to zonal mean shifts that are small or absent, but the rainbelt does shift regionally in coherent ways across models that may have important dynamical consequences.
Delft University of Technology A 10kW Solar-Powered Bidirectional EV Charger Compatible with Chademo and COMBO

Charging electric vehicles (EVs) from photovoltaic panels (PV) provides a sustainable future for transportation. This paper presents the development of a 10kW EV charger that can be powered from both a PV array and the three-phase AC grid. The goal is to realize a high power density and high-efficiency three-port power converter that integrates the EV, PV, grid and meets the Chademo and CCS/Combo EV charging standards. The EV port is designed to be isolated and bidirectional, so that both charging and vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) can be implemented. As PV and EV are both DC by nature, the converter uses a central DC-link to exchange power between the EV and PV, thereby increasing efficiency. The use of silicon carbide devices and powdered alloy core inductors enables high switching frequency and power density. The closed-loop control allows four different power flows: PVEV, EVgrid, gridEV and PVgrid. Hence the converter operates as a PV inverter, a bidirectional EV charger and a combination of both. A 10kW prototype has been successfully tested, and its experimental waveforms and measured efficiency are presented. It has three times the power density and higher partial and peak load efficiency when compared to existing solutions. Index Terms — Electric vehicle, charging, powered alloy core, photovoltaic systems (PV), silicon carbide (SiC) Paper produced in Windows/Microsoft Word IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics A 10kW Solar-Powered Bidirectional EV Charger Compatible with Chademo and COMBO
Lifting freehand concept sketches into 3D

We present the first algorithm capable of automatically lifting real-world, vector-format, industrial design sketches into 3D. Targeting real-world sketches raises numerous challenges due to inaccuracies, use of overdrawn strokes, and construction lines. In particular, while construction lines convey important 3D information, they add significant clutter and introduce multiple accidental 2D intersections. Our algorithm exploits the geometric cues provided by the construction lines and lifts them to 3D by computing their intended 3D intersections and depths. Once lifted to 3D, these lines provide valuable geometric constraints that we leverage to infer the 3D shape of other artist drawn strokes. The core challenge we address is inferring the 3D connectivity of construction and other lines from their 2D projections by separating 2D intersections into 3D intersections and accidental occlusions. We efficiently address this complex combinatorial problem using a dedicated search algorithm that leverages observations about designer drawing pREFERENCES, and uses those to explore only the most likely solutions of the 3D intersection detection problem. We demonstrate that our separator outputs are of comparable quality to human annotations, and that the 3D structures we recover enable a range of design editing and visualization applications, including novel view synthesis and 3D-aware scaling of the depicted shape.
Service Migrations in TSCH Network using Wireless Channel Estimation and Prediction

: Industrial Wireless Sensors and Actuators Networks (IWSANs) are gateway to the Industrial 4.0, which promises to realize smart factory leading to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). It employs Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) to enhance operational efficiency and flexibility while reducing cost. IWSANs are delay-sensitive and always require low latency and reliable connection from sensor to actuator to successfully perform a physical action. Reliability and low-latency complement each other to prevent expected failures in wireless medium. In this way, detecting and predicting failure before it actually occurs is key to actually avoid it well in time. Detection and predictions are imperative in locating faults and failures. The causes of failures in a sensor or actuator can include hardware malfunction, poor battery life, interference, accident, and short term wireless connectivity problems. Although, industrial environment mostly undertakes redundant resource to circumvent such issues, yet poor coordination among multiple resources and inaccurately predicting failures may result in losses. In such a scenario, migration of services come to be a rescue, where an intermediary can migrate service from one device, which cannot complete a task due to resource exhaustion, to a more resource-rich device. Thus, in this paper, we focus on wireless connectivity failures caused by interference in the 2.4GHz frequency band. We do it by designing an Multi Channel Sniffing Setup (MCSS) testbed, that acts as a spectrum observer and is deployed in different locations in industrial WSAN. Alongside, we use the concept of Cognitive Radio (CR) to predict interference and noise level in the spectrum by proposing an Intelligent Low-power Wireless Spectrum Prediction (ILPWSP) based on Deep Q Network (DQN). The MCSS testbed and the ILPWSP coordinate in assessing wireless connectivity risks, predict failures in sensor and actuator nodes and then make efficient decisions on the migration of services from one device to another device. Our results show the feasibility of spectrum prediction with an acceptable ratio for reliable IWSN.
Weathering durability of chromium-treatedsouthern pine

On compare l'efficacite de l'arseniate de cuivre et chrome et du trioxyde de chrome pour ameliorer la resistance aux intemperies du bois brut et pour accroitre la durabilite des lasures semitransparentes appliquees sur le bois traite. On examine les surfaces du bois degrade par microscopie electronique a balayage
Hydrogen Peroxide Detection by Super-Porous Hybrid CuO/Pt NP Platform: Improved Sensitivity and Selectivity

A super-porous hybrid platform can offer significantly increased number of reaction sites for the analytes and thus can offer advantages in the biosensor applications. In this work, a significantly improved sensitivity and selectivity of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection is demonstrated by a super-porous hybrid CuO/Pt nanoparticle (NP) platform on Si substrate as the first demonstration. The super-porous hybrid platform is fabricated by a physiochemical approach combining the physical vapor deposition of Pt NPs and electrochemical deposition of super-porous CuO structures by adopting a dynamic hydrogen bubble technique. Under an optimized condition, the hybrid CuO/Pt biosensor demonstrates a very high sensitivity of 2205 µA/mM·cm2 and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 140 nM with a wide detection range of H2O2. This is meaningfully improved performance as compared to the previously reported CuO-based H2O2 sensors as well as to the other metal oxide-based H2O2 sensors. The hybrid CuO/Pt platform exhibits an excellent selectivity against other interfering molecules such as glucose, fructose, dopamine, sodium chloride and ascorbic acid. Due to the synergetic effect of highly porous CuO structures and underlying Pt NPs, the CuO/Pt architecture offers extremely abundant active sites for the H2O2 reduction and electron transfer pathways.
Monolithic Mode-Locked Ring Lasers: Model and Characterization Multi-wafer Project Run

We present a traveling wave numerical model for a 15 GHz monolithically integrated symmetrical mode-locked ring laser, for which the results have been compared against experimental data from devices fabricated within a JePPIX platform run. On both, experimental and numerical, we show the relation that exists between the losses in the saturable absorber and the resultant pulse width when the device operates in a stable modelocking regime. Simulation results show good agreement with experiments for a given set of bias conditions which allows us to analyze the saturable absorber model. Mode-locked lasers, optical pulse generation, semiconductor ring lasers.
Cardiodynamic Effects of Propofol in Comparison With Thiopental: Assessment With a Transesophageal Echocardiographic Approach

In 40 patients, the cardiovascular effects of low- and high-dose propofol anesthesia (single bolus of 2.5 mg/kg in group A, 2.5 mg/kg in group C) were examined and compared with those of low- and high-dose thiopental (4 mg/kg in group B, 6.5 mg/kg in group D) (n = 10 patients per group). After induction of anesthesia with etomidate, all patients were ventilated with 70% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Peripheral arterial systolic blood pressure (SAP) and transesophageal echocardiographic short-axis measurements were used to calculate the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (E) as an index of global myocardial contractility. In all groups SAP decreased significantly below baseline levels for the duration of the measurements (15 min after drug administration), except for the lower dose of thiopental, where SAP returned to baseline values within 10 min. Propofol at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg significantly decreased cardiac output (CO) (from 5.1 t 0.25 [mean ± SEM] to 4.2 ± 0.23 L/min), stroke volume (SV) (from 64 ± 3 to 56 ± 3.6 mL), and the slope of E (from 71 ± 3.5 to 65 ± 4.2 mm Hg/mL) until 4 min after drug administration.The higher dose of propofol significantly decreased CO (from 5.1 ± 0.29 to 4.1 ± 0.26 L/min), SV (from 64 ± 3 to 52 ± 4.6 mL), and the slope of E (from 71 ± 3.6 to 62 ± 3.7 mm Hg/mL) until 20 min after drug administration. End-systolic volume increased significantly (from 60 ± 7.6 to 68 ± 5.5 mL) until the sixth minute, followed by a decrease in end-diastolic volume at 10 min (from 124 ± 6.5 to 118 ± 4.3 mL). Thiopental at a dose of 4 mg/kg reduced end-diastolic volume significantly at 10 min (118 ± 7.2 versus 128 ± 7.8 mL) and resulted in a significantly higher CO (4.6 ± 0.29 versus 4.2 ± 0.23 L/min) and the slope of E (69 ± 3.9 versus 65 ± 4.2 mm Hg/mL) when compared with low-dose propofol at 4 min. Thiopental at a dose of 6.5 mg/kg significantly reduced the index of afterload (SAP/SV) (from 63 ± 5 to 56 ± 4.6 mm Hg/mL) and the slope of E (from 69 ± 4.2 to 63 ± 3.6 mm Hg/mL), whereas heart rate increased (from 76 ± 5.2 to 84 ± 6.8 beats/min) until the fourth minute after drug administration. When compared with high-dose propofol, end-systolic volume was significantly lower and SAP, SV, CO, and slope of E were significantly higher during thiopental at equipotent doses.It is concluded that propofol reduces SAP mainly through its negative inotropic properties. Furthermore, the cardio-depressant effects of propofol are more pronounced and more prolonged than those of equipotent doses of thiopental when given as a single bolus.