Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generative adversarial network-enabled learning scheme for power grid vulnerability analysis

: Real measurements of power grids are usually limited for research and modelling of extreme events such as the impact of typhoons due to confidentiality concerns. To overcome the dearth of valuable, trustworthy data, this paper proposes an adaptive learning method based on the generative adversarial network. To obtain informative examples, the falsely classified examples together with examples that are correctly classified with low confidence are used to train a GAN for producing synthetic examples to reinforce the learning. The new power grid examples are selected according to the likelihood of the true data distribution. An evaluation was conducted with data acquired by the China Southern Power Grid in Hainan. Most significantly, the performance of detecting the occurrence of a power grid fault under the impact of typhoons is greatly improved. It was demonstrated that the proposed method improved the performance of predicting power grid fault in extreme events by 8.9%. Using the modulated GAN network, the synthetic data closely follows the distribution of the real data as indicated by large p-values. Our method takes minutes to complete training a model, which enables an efficient response to disasters with modern computing facilities such as edge computing.
Compatibility of Diclofop and BAS 9052 with Bentazon

BAS 9052 {2-[1-(ethoxyimino)-butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} effectively controlled annual grasses in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] alone or in combination with bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] in greenhouse and field experiments. The activity of diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} on annual grasses was reduced if combined with bentazon in a tank mixture. The wettable powder formulation of bentazon, as well as a day temperature of 30 C, slightly reduced the antagonistic interaction from that of the emulsifiable concentrate formulation of bentazon or a day temperature of 15 C. In greenhouse studies ‘Corsoy’ soybean plants were injured by the diclofop-bentazon combination. In field studies, however, the injury was not sufficient to reduce grain yields.
Optical variations in changing-look AGNs selected at X-rays

Abstract Recent observations of local AGNs have revealed that many of them show a ‘changing look’ behavior at optical and X-rays wavelengths in the sense of transiting between different AGNs families (e.g. from type-1 to type-2 or vice-versa). In order to pinpoint the possible relation of the changes, we performed optical spectroscopic observations (with CAFOS/CAHA) of 15 changing look AGNs selected at X-rays. Highlights from our spectroscopic study are presented.
PAHs and star formation in ELAIS N1 as seen by AKARI

Abstract We have examined the relationship between star formation and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by fitting the spectral energy distributions (SED) of AKARI selected galaxies. PAHs are excited by the ultraviolet (UV) photons of young stars and can trace star formation in galaxies, but they are disassociated by the strong UV radiation in starbursts. AKARI covered the mid-infrared, where the PAHs emit their radiation, with a high density of photometric bands. These observations allow us to estimate the star formation rate and the PAH mass fraction of the dust in galaxies. In the future the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will also make measurements in this wavelength range. This research can therefore be considered as a pathfinder to similar studies that will come later from JWST observations.
Geophysical Detection and Assessment of Leveled Mounds: An Example from the Upper Mississippi Valley

Most earthen burial mounds of eastern North America have been destroyed—or have they? We review geophysical methods for assessing whether leveled mounds retain intact deposits or features. Magnetic survey holds promise for locating and evaluating leveled mounds because it is rapid and sensitive to magnetic variations associated with anticipated features such as pits and deposits of mound fill. As a case study, we discuss our magnetic survey of the Gast Farm site (13LA12) in eastern Iowa. The survey covered 8.64 ha, encompassing loci of one previously reported mound and possible geometric earthworks as well as Middle and Late Woodland habitation areas. Interpretation of survey results incorporated quantitative differentiation of magnetic anomaly types using GIS techniques, along with standard visual inspection. We found no evidence of geometric earthworks but identified at least six leveled mounds. Displaced mound fill appears to account for the earthwork-like features. We conclude that leveled mounds are detectable and may retain subsurface integrity. Their associated features, including burials, may be identifiable even when above-ground evidence has disappeared.
On the Security of Proof-of-Stake Directed Acyclic Graph Protocols

Bitcoin, the first cryptocurrency was published in 2008 and featured a new way of reaching consensus amongst a set of participants without the need to trust any central authority. It achieved this by introducing a novel consensus mechanism based on Proof-of-Work. Bitcoin is still the most valuable and famous cryptocurrency, but some limitations became more and more noticeable over the years – two of the major ones being high energy consumption and low transaction throughput. Emerging around 2016, a new class of protocols based on Proof-of-Stake (PoS) and using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) as data structure, promises to solve both of these shortcomings at once. As security is crucial, carefully looking at the security properties of any new protocol family before adopting it, is necessary. This leads us to the following question: How secure are these protocols really? This thesis contributes to answering this question by reviewing existing designs in this field and analysing Hashgraph, a promising protocol which combines a PoS mechanism with a DAG structure, in detail. We developed and published a simulator which makes it possible to look closely at the security and performance claims of the protocol under different attack scenarios. It supports simulating adversarial behaviours which we call fork, race and split attacks as well as an honest scenario for comparison. For all of them, numerous configuration options and scenario specific settings are offered. All simulations are executed in a reproducible way based on a configurable seed value. Results can be examined either in a graphical user interface or exported for further analysis. Hashgraph proved resilient against all attempts of breaking the protocol’s security over thousands of simulation runs, featuring all supported attack scenarios. Nevertheless, some weaknesses became apparent in regard to the protocol allowing everybody to perform syncs as fast as possible. Publishing a conflicting transaction to an already existing honest one and getting it finalized earlier could be shown. Additionally, the protocol encourages flooding high stake participants with syncs, leading to the possible effects of unintentional Distributed Denial of Service attacks. Our findings show that PoS DAG protocols have the potential to solve two of the major limitations of traditional blockchains, but before adopting them, one needs to specifically check for mechanisms to prevent message spamming or a lack thereof.
The spectral evolution of hot white dwarfs

Abstract As they evolve, white dwarfs undergo major changes in their atmospheric composition, a phenomenon known as spectral evolution. In particular, most hot He-rich (DO) stars transform into H-rich (DA) stars as they cool off, most likely as a result of the float-up of residual H. We investigate this DO-to-DA transition by taking advantage of the extensive spectroscopic dataset provided by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Using our new state-of-the-art non-LTE model atmospheres, we perform a spectroscopic analysis of 1882 hot (Teff >30,000 K) white dwarfs identified in the SDSS. We find that at least 15% of all white dwarfs are born with a He-dominated atmosphere. Among these, ∼2/3 turn into H-rich stars before they reach Teff ∼40,000 K, while the remaining ∼1/3 maintain their He-rich surface throughout their entire evolution. We speculate on the origin of these two groups of objects.
ALPINE: The ALMA [CII] survey of normal star-forming galaxies at 4 < z < 6

Abstract The ALMA-ALPINE [CII] survey (A2C2S) aims at characterizing the properties of normal star-forming galaxies (SFGs) observed in the [CII]-158μm line in the period of rapid mass assembly at redshifts 4 < z < 6. Here we present the survey and the selection of 118 galaxies observed with ALMA, selected from large samples of galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts derived from UV-rest frame. The observed properties derived from the ALMA data are presented and discussed in terms of the overall detection rate in [CII] and far-IR continuum. The sample is representative of the SFG population at these redshifts. The overall detection rate is 61% down to a flux limit of 0.07 mJy. From a visual inspection of the [CII] data cubes together with the large wealth of ancillary data we find a surprisingly wide range of galaxy types, including 32.4% mergers, 25.7% extended and dispersion dominated, 13.5% rotating discs, and 16.2% compact, the remaining being too faint to be classified. ALPINE sets a reference sample for the gas distribution in normal star-forming galaxies at a key epoch in galaxy assembly, ideally suited for studies with future facilities like JWST and ELTs.
Ethnobotanical, Phytchemical, and Allelopathic Potentinal of Traditional Medicinal Plants

The study aims to report the ethnobotanical significance of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases, phytochemical constituents of those plants, their allelopathic effect, and impact of those plants on the socioeconomic aspect in Gulmi and Okhaldhunga district of Nepal. Altogether 41 species of medicinal plants from two areas were documented, using a semi-structured questionnaire. They have been using those species for the treatment of different ailment ranging from gastrointestinal problems, respiratory tract related problems, cuts and wounds, and dermatological problems. 18 of the potentially valuable medicinal plants were brought for performing secondary metabolites tests in methanol extract. The extracts have shown the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, oil and protein, out of which alkaloid was found to be present in every sample. In contrast, only 5 possessed protein. Out of 18 plant extracts, 11 most valued ones were isolated to carry out allelopathy tests on mungbean seed. Only the control treatment bored germination of the mungbean with full radicle and plumule development. This study also reports the impact of the use of medicinal plants in people’s daily life.
H2 formation on Mg-rich amorphous silicates

Abstract We present the results of an experimental study on the interaction of D atoms with Mg-rich amorphous silicates. The effects of D irradiation have been analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The results indicate that HD forms by abstraction of hydrogen atoms chemisorbed in the hydroxyl groups of silicate grains. The formation process occurs for grain and atom temperatures relevant to photodissociation regions.
Seasonal variation in nutritional quality of Setipinna phasa (Hamilton, 1822) in diamond Harbour of West Bengal, India

The present study was to validate out the nutritional qualities of selected edible marine fish Setipinna phasa collected from Diamond Harbour fish landing center, West Bengal, during the period from July 2017 to March 2018 were assessed. The moisture content of S. phasa varied from 74.12±0.04% to 77.56±0.42%. The consequence of the proximate composition protein content of the fish varied from 16.14±0.39% to 18.28±0.12%. Higher lipid content was recorded during the breeding season and lowers during spent phase or post-breeding season. There were no significant changes (p>0.05) in the values of ash within the various months with higher values seen during the dry season.
Comparing the Effects of Forgiveness and Self-Compassion Training on Marital Conflicts in Females Facing Marital Infidelity

Author Address 1. PhD Student of General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran; 2. PhD in Psychology, Assistant Professor, Psychology Department, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran; 3. PhD in Psychology, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran. *Corresponding author’s email: aliarab@edpsy.usb. ac.ir
Dust attenuation on and off the galaxy Main Sequence at z⩾1

Abstract Stellar masses are crucial ingredients for putting galaxies in the context of galaxy evolution and are commonly evaluated via Spectral Energy Distribution (SED)-fitting analyses which are hampered by dust attenuation. Observational constraints of attenuation in various galaxy classes provide key inputs for fitting a SED. I will present recent results about the attenuation properties of a sample of Herschel-selected galaxies at 0.7 ⩽ z ⩽ 1.6 widely spanning the star-forming Main Sequence (MS). I will show that far-IR selected galaxies on the MS are well described with local attenuation recipes. Conversely, common recipes cannot recover the SFR of far-IR selected starburst galaxies well above the MS. The SFR of these outliers appears to be hidden by the ∼90% in optically thick cores. These findings pose challenges for SED-fitting codes based on energy balance assumptions that might break in these peculiar sources.
Effects of doping atoms (Sb, Te, Sn, P and Bi) on the equilibrium shape of Mg2Si from first-principles calculations

The surface energies of Mg2Si (100) and (111) facets doped with modifying elements (Sb, Te, Sn, P and Bi) are calculated using first-principles methods, aimed at investigating the effects of the incorporation of modifying elements on the morphological evolution of Mg2Si. Based on the results of surface energy, the equilibrium shape of pure Mg2Si is predicted to be an octahedron surrounded by {111} planes. With the incorporation of Te, Sn, P and Bi, the ratio between the surface energies of the (100) and (111) planes (r) drops compared with that of pure Mg2Si, promoting the extension of the (100) facets and the contraction of the (111) facets on Mg2Si grains. Accordingly, the trend in morphological evolution for Mg2Si is from the initial octahedron composed of {111} planes to a truncated octahedron surrounded by {111} and {100} planes. The results also show that Te and P are more effective in promoting the appearance frequency of (100) facets on the Mg2Si crystal and can be used as candidate modifiers to realize the artificial manipulation of the morphology of Mg2Si into a truncated octahedron. The findings here provide new insights for understanding the morphological evolution of Mg2Si induced by the incorporation of modifying elements, which contributes to guiding the development of new high-temperature-resistant light alloys.
Decisive factors that drive consumer perceptions towards branded fashion choices in Sri Lanka

IJASR 2021 VOLUME 4 ISSUE 2 MARCH – APRIL ISSN: 2581-7876 Abstract: Clothing is a basic need of every human being entailed into fashion with the evolution of human along with their needs. An evolved human makes a statement of personality and social status in the society through fashion as it has always been a crucial social factor that portrayed society since ancient empires. This study was conducted to identify the decisive factor that drives consumer perceptions towards branded fashion choices in Sri Lanka. There were five main factors identified that can affect consumer decision on branded fashion choices in Sri Lank: social factors, psychological factors, brand related factors, product related factors and marketing tools used by the brand.
ALMA Deep Field in the SSA22 proto-cluster at z = 3

Abstract Galaxies and nuclei in dense environment at high redshift provide a good laboratory to investigate accelerated, most extreme evolution of galaxies. The SSA22 proto-cluster at z = 3.1 is known to have a three-dimensional 50 (comoving) Mpc-scale filamentary structure, traced by Lyα emitters, which makes the field a suitable target in this regard. To identify dust-obscured star-formation, a contiguous 20 arcmin2 region at the node of the cosmic structure was observed in ALMA band 6. In total 57 ALMA sources have been identified above 5σ, which makes the field one of the richest field in ALMA-identified (sub)millimeter galaxies. The follow-up spectroscopy confirmed about 20 sources as exact proto-cluster members so far. Together with high X-ray AGN fraction, our results suggest that the vigorous star formation activity and the growth of super massive black holes occurred simultaneously in the densest regions at z ∼ 3.
Bio-Solvent Preparation from Apple Biomass for Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic and Biomedical Industrial Application

Introduction Bioethanol can be used as biosolvent in the laboratory, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, medical and biomedical industries. It is generated by the means of utilizing biological materials such as trees, woods, fruits, algae or biomass to make solvent in the laborator and generate electricity. Biomass is biodegradable, sustainable, economic sources as well as renewable and biomaterial resource for the manufacturing industries like bio-solvent, bio-plastics, bio-film, biomaterials, bio-chemicals, bio-fuels, bio-electricity, in the agro-industry, pharmaceuticals, biomedical and bioengineering (Hossain et al, 2008). The importance of biomaterial, fermenter and solvent are increasing exponentially to meet the demands of industrialization and population explosion worldwide since last couple of decades (Hossain et al, 2008). The use of this agricultural derived, apple waste which can be a technique of clean technology like environment pollution, fossil-fuel depletion and waste management. It can be a viable alternative, a biosolvent should provide a net energy gain, have environmental benefits, be economically competitive, and be producible in large quantities without reducing food supplies (Hill et al., 2006). Bioethanol is an alkyl-alcohol produced from fermentation of biological matters that possess sugar, starch or cellulose. Alcoholic fermentation is the conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and ethanol (ethyl alcohol) by using zymase from yeast. Fermentation using genetically engineered yeast or bacteria will utilize all five of the major biomass sugars: glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose and arabinose. Bioethanol may be produced by direct fermentation of sugars, or from other carbohydrates that can be converted to sugar, such as starch and cellulose (Demirbas, 2005). Enzymatic hydrolysis requires feedstock pretreatment, enzyme production, and enzyme recovery, which may make this option economically unfeasible (Iranmahboob et al., 2001). The chemical reaction is shown below:
Long-term prognosis in patients suffering from myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, infective myocarditis and tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy – all-cause mortality comparison

Introduction: Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC), infective myocarditis (IM) and acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) of anterior wall being a heterogeneous group, may occur in very similar clinical presentations. In this study, it was aimed to compare the prognosis and identify predictors of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and all-cause mortality in these groups of patients. Material and methods: At 2 Polish Academic Cardiology Centres among 596 patients, we compared clinical characteristics and outcomes in 4 groups: MINOCA (318, 53.3%), TTC (31, 5.2%), IM (22, 3.7%) and STEMI (225, 37.7%). MACCE were defined as myocardial infarction (MI), revascularisation (either percutaneous or surgical), all-cause death and stroke/transient ischemic attacks. Survival curves were presented using Kaplan-Meier estimator and compared using log-rank test. Results: Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that in the 3-year follow-up period, patients with anterior wall STEMI were at the highest risk of MACCE (p < 0.001). During the follow-up period, the greatest mortality rate was observed in the TTC group, however, this was without statistical significance. Multivariable regression analysis showed that long-term mortality was significantly related to age (p < 0.001), creatinine level (p < 0.001), platelet count (p < 0.001), white blood cells (p < 0.001) and hyperlipidaemia (p = 0.001). Conclusions: During the 3 years of follow-up, anterior wall STEMI had significantly poorer prognosis in terms of MACCE when compared to the TTC, M. Jędrychowska, R. Januszek, W. Wańha, K.P. Malinowski, W. Wojakowski, K. Bartuś, A. Surdacki, D. Dudek, S. Bartuś 2 Arch Med Sci IM and MINOCA groups. TTC was related to the greatest all-cause mortality, however, without statistical significance.
Lessons from the History and Philosophy of Science regarding the Research Assessment Exercise

The Research Assessment Exercise (henceforth abbreviated to RAE) was introduced in 1986 by Thatcher, and was continued by Blair. So it has now been running for 21 years. During this time, the rules governing the RAE have changed considerably, and the interval between successive RAEs has also varied. These changes are not of great importance as far as the argument of this paper is concerned. We will concentrate on the main features of the RAE which can be summarised as follows.
Mid-infrared PAH emission from star-forming galaxies selected at 250 μm

Abstract The infrared (IR) galaxies detected at Herschel/SPIRE 250 μm band over the AKARI’s NEP-Wide field are various types of dusty star-forming (SF) galaxies ranging from quiescent to starbursts, having mid-IR polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features near 8 μm. The measurements of the 8 μm luminosity (L8μm) along with the total infrared luminosity (LIR) based on the physical modeling of SEDs a take unique advantage of the continuous near- to mid-IR coverage, far-IR data points, and spectroscopically determined accurate redshifts. Our sample shows shortage of 8 μm luminosity compared to the total IR luminosity. This deficit gets severe in more luminous IR galaxies, suggesting PAH molecules in these galaxies are destroyed by a strong radiation field from SF regions, or the existence of a unexpectedly large amount of cold dust in the ISM that contributes to LIR.