Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapeamento paramétrico da soldagem GMAW com arames de aço inoxidável ferrítico e austenítico

A utilizacao de arames de acos inoxidaveis ferriticos para soldagem MIG/MAG tem aumentado cada vez mais na industria em substituicao aos consumiveis austeniticos para a uniao de acos inoxidaveis ferriticos. Alem do menor custo, tem-se verificado que as soldas obtidas apresentam uma qualidade tao boa, ou mesmo melhor, que aquelas obtidas com arames austeniticos. Como se trata de uma aplicacao relativamente nova, um numero reduzido de trabalhos sobre essa aplicacao foi publicado, o que e um fator limitador de uma utilizacao mais intensa desses arames na industria, particularmente em nosso pais. Dentro deste escopo, o presente trabalho explora a aplicacao desses arames na soldagem MIG de um arame inoxidavel ferritico estabilizado, com enfoque nas caracteristicas operacionais do processo e em comparacao com a soldagem com arames de aco austenitico. Dois arames de aco inoxidavel ferritico estabilizado, um ao titânio (430Ti) e outro ao niobio (430LNb), e um austenitico (308LSi), de diâmetro nominal 1,00mm, foram utilizados em testes de soldagem em chapas de aco inoxidavel ferritico estabilizado ao titânio e niobio (439) de 5,00mm de espessura. Primeiramente, os arames foram caracterizados em termos de qualidade superficial, composicao quimica, propriedades mecânicas e eletricas. Nos testes de soldagem, a velocidade de alimentacao foi variada de 2 a 12m/min e a tensao de soldagem entre 12 e 32V de modo a varrer todos os campos onde e possivel se obter os tres tipos principais de transferencias (curto circuito, globular e aerossol). Utilizou-se o gas de protecao Ar2%O2 na vazao de 15L/min e distância bico de contato peca de 20mm. A corrente e a tensao foram monitoradas com sistema de aquisicao e depois analisadas com a ajuda do programa SINAL, desenvolvido no LABSEND (UFMG). Os valores obtidos da corrente media de soldagem, os desvios padrao da corrente e da tensao e de parâmetros derivados dos sinais de tensao para caracterizar a transferencia por curto circuito foram comparados para os tres arames. Procurou-se caracterizar, assim, diferencas no processo de soldagem, inclusive a estabilidade operacional, associadas com os arames e tentou-se definir campos de predominância de cada tipo de transferencia metalica em termos de tensao, velocidade de alimentacao e arame usado. Os resultados foram verificados atraves de filmagem em alta velocidade. A soldagem com o arame 430Ti apresentou uma estabilidade inferior a soldagem com os arames 430LNb e 308LSi em todas as formas de transferencia, apresentando desvios padrao de corrente mais altos. Apesar disto, com transferencia por curto circuito, este arame parece operar com valores de tensao menores que os outros. O aspecto dos cordoes de solda obtidos com o arame 430Ti apresentou uma qualidade inferior, com uma maior convexidade. Uma possivel explicacao para o pior desempenho do arame 430Ti e sua qualidade superficial significativamente inferior com uma rugosidade muito maior que poderia provocar agarramentos do arame no conduite causando problemas de alimentacao.
Subcortical lesions impact confrontation naming in bilinguals with later age of acquisition: An exploratory study

Abstract The bilingual experience is believed to impact brain development and, possibly, cognitive performance. Subcortical structures, including the striatum and white matter, are believed related to confrontation naming performance among bilingual individuals with later age of acquisition (AoA) and lower proficiency of a second language (L2). However, these findings are primarily derived from healthy adult samples, although there is clinical significance for the interpretation of naming performance. The present study examined whether striatal and white matter lesions were associated with naming tasks in clinic-referred bilingual veterans (n = 29) and whether L2 AoA moderated this relationship. Clinically rated lesions, without regard for AoA, were not consistently correlated with naming performance. Moderation models (lesion × AoA) were significant across naming tasks (i.e., naming scores were negatively correlated with striatal lesions with increasing AoA). Effect sizes were higher among striatal models as compared to white matter models. Results extend prior neuroimaging findings with healthy bilinguals that AoA moderates the relationship between subcortical lesions and naming performance in bilingual patients, and suggests that clinicians should consider specifics of bilingual experience when interpreting test scores.
Towards rapid 3D reconstruction using conventional X-ray for intraoperative orthopaedic applications

A rapid 3D reconstruction of bones and other structures during an operation is an important issue. However, most of existing technologies are not feasible to be implemented in an intraoperative environment. Normally, a 3D reconstruction has to be done by a CT or an MRI pre operation or post operation. Due to some physical constraints, it is not feasible to utilise such machine intraoperatively. A special type of MRI has been developed to overcome the problem. However, all normal surgical tools and instruments cannot be employed. This chapter discusses a possible method to use a small number, e.g. 5, of conventional 2D X-ray images to reconstruct 3D bone and other structures intraoperatively. A statistical shape model is used to fit a set of optimal landmarks vertices, which are automatically created from the 2D images, to reconstruct a full surface. The reconstructed surfaces can then be visualised and manipulated by surgeons or used by surgical robotic systems.
An interior point method for P ∗ ( (cid:2) ) -horizontal linear complementarity problem based on a new proximity function

Kernel functions play an important role in the design and complexity analysis of interior point algorithms for solving convex optimization problems. They determine both search directions and the proximity measure between the iterate and the central path. In this paper, we introduce a primal-dual interior point algorithm for solving P ∗ (κ) -horizontal linear complementarity problems based on a new kernel function that has a trigonometric function in its barrier term. By using some simple analysis tools, we present some properties of the new kernel function. Our analysis shows that the algorithm meets the best known complexity bound i
Bystander Intervention Prevention Strategies as a Solution to Addressing Sexual Harassment and Assault

As the #MeToo Movement has propelled the problem of sexual harassment and assault to the media headlines, bystander intervention prevention strategies are often cited as a solution to addressing these problems. Sometimes called a “community of responsibility” approach, bystander intervention strategies teach organizational members to know they can and should take an active role in creating a safe and respectful environment by shifting community norms and behavior expectations.
Bias Awareness Predicts Color Conscious Racial Socialization Methods among White Parents

The majority of White parents in the U.S. are uncomfortable discussing race with their children and tend to avoid it. When they do discuss race with their children, they often take a color blind approach—in which they emphasize a belief that race does not matter—instead of a color conscious approach—in which they acknowledge race-related issues. In the current study, we sought to explore the individual difference factors that may be associated with White American parents’ racial socialization practices. Results indicated that parents’ racial bias awareness was associated with greater willingness to discuss race with their children, increased color consciousness, and decreased color blindness; when statistically controlling for their racial attitudes, motivations to respond without prejudice, and interracial contact. The potential impact of bias awareness interventions on White parents’ racial socialization behaviors are discussed.
The 1953–1965 rise in Atmospheric bomb 14C in Central Norway

ABSTRACT Sub-annual measurements, eight increments per year, of cellulose in a Scots pine tree growing in central Norway are presented as a proxy for tropospheric 14CO2 at biweekly to monthly resolution. The results are validated by comparison to direct atmospheric measurements in the years 1959–1965, and a new dataset is obtained for 1953–1958. In this period, our cellulose measurements deviate from the Bomb 13 NH1 calibration curve, which is derived from single-year measurements of tree rings. This is due to seasonal cycles in tropospheric radiocarbon (14C) concentrations, caused by the first series of atmospheric nuclear weapons tests.
Application of a Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm for Energy-Aimed Timetable Rescheduling Problem

Reinforcement learning has potential in the area of intelligent transportation due to its generality and real-time feature. The Q-learning algorithm, which is an early proposed algorithm, has its own merits to solve the train timetable rescheduling (TTR) problem. However, it has shortage in two aspects: Dimensional limits of action and a slow convergence rate. In this paper, a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is applied to solve the energy-aimed train timetable rescheduling (ETTR) problem. This algorithm belongs to reinforcement learning, which fulfills real-time requirements of the ETTR problem, and has adaptability on random disturbances. Superior to the Q-learning, DDPG has a continuous state space and action space. After enough training, the learning agent based on DDPG takes proper action by adjusting the cruising speed and the dwelling time continuously for each train in a metro network when random disturbances happen. Although training needs an iteration for thousands of episodes, the policy decision during each testing episode takes a very short time. Models for the metro network, based on a real case of the Shanghai Metro Line 1, are established as a training and testing environment. To validate the energy-saving effect and the real-time feature of the proposed algorithm, four experiments are designed and conducted. Compared with the no action strategy, results show that the proposed algorithm has real-time performance, and saves a significant percentage of energy under random disturbances.
The effects of acute stress on behavioural and ERP measures of human attentional networks

Neurobiological models suggest that acute stress facilitates bottom-up stimulus processing while impairing top-down executive control. To test this hypothesis, the present study investigated the effects of acute stress on behavioural (reaction time and accuracy) and electrophysiological (N1 and P3 ERP component amplitude) measures of the alerting, orienting, and executive attentional networks. Forty-three right-handed females aged 18-34 were recruited and performed the Attention Network Test (ANT) before and after the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) or a non-stressful MAST-placebo. Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) ratings and salivary cortisol concentrations were further collected as manipulation checks. While the manipulation checks revealed a successful stress induction, the hypothesised detrimental effect of acute stress on executive function was not found for reaction time (`p`=.524), accuracy (`p`=.657), or P3 amplitude (`p`=.408). Similarly, the hypothesised beneficial effect of stress on bottom-up stimulus processing was not found for measures of reaction time (`p`=.857) or N1 amplitude (`p`=.107). Supplementary analyses indicated that these findings were unrelated to the magnitude or duration of the stress response induced by the MAST, instead suggesting that the ANT itself may be insensitive to the effects of acute stress. Future research may utilise alternate versions of the ANT to address this possibility.
Factors Affecting Band Equity of Online Travel Booking Service in Ho Chi Minh City - A Mediation Analysis of e-Word of Mouth

The purpose of this research was to examine empirically the casual relationships among customer’s satisfaction, perceived value, trust, customer’s loyalty, e-WOM and brand equity of online travel booking service in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The research conceptual framework and hypotheses were constructed, based on previous theoretical and empirical studies. A survey was conducted with 327 respondents to collect primary data. Multiple regression and Path analysis were used to test the research hypotheses. As a result, customer’s satisfaction, perceived value, trust and customer’s loyalty had a significance and positive effect on e-WOM and brand equity. Furthermore, the results showed that trust indirectly affected brand equity through e-WOM. Therefore, business organizations working in the tourism sector should pay attention to the essential roles of these factors to understand and respond to customer’s demands and expectations when they make a booking for their travel to Vietnam.
Understanding the Nature of Eco‐Leadership: A Mixed Methods Study of Leadership in Community Organizations

The purpose of this study was to explore and explain eco-leadership in practice, specifically among community groups in Virginia’s New River Valley. This paper describes relationships between community groups’ leadership style and other factors while also highlighting an intricate mixed method design that ultimately led to a deep, rich understanding of these relationships. There were five research objectives: (1) Characterize the community groups’ leadership culture; (2) Assess each group’s cohesiveness; (3) Assess the groups’ community project involvement; (4) Determine if relationships exist between the variables; and (5) Highlight the role of mixed methods in the emergence of findings. The study has implications for carrying forward the concept of eco-leadership in research and practice.
Desenvolvimento de ferramentas computacionais para a análise de perdas em conversores estáticos: aplicação ao cálculo de rendimento de UPSs trifásicas de dupla conversão

As UPSs (Uninterruptible Power Supplies) de dupla conversao sao equipamentos que proveem a alimentacao segura e sustentada de subsistemas com missao critica, em que os disturbios oua interrupcao no suprimento podem levar a perdas e danos. Esta dissertacao objetiva comparar os rendimentos globais de UPSs trifasicas de dupla conversao nas topologias de dois niveis,com componentes de silicio e de carbeto de silicio (SiC) e de tres niveis em arranjos NPC1 (Neutral-Point Clamped) e NPC2, com dispositivos de silicio. A metodologia adotada se baseia na comparacao de 80 projetos de UPSs de dupla conversao, com distintas especificacoes de tensao no barramento c.c. , frequencia de chaveamento e potencia nominal. Para tanto, ferramentas de software com interface grafica foram implementadas em MATLAB para estimar as perdas nos semicondutores e nos indutores dos filtros LCL de entrada e LC de saida da UPS. As simulacoes das UPSs foram conduzidas no ambiente MATLAB/Simulink e incluem o controle dos estagios inversor e retificador. Para fins de validacao experimental das estimativas teoricas de perdas, um prototipo de um conversor buck de 5; 5 kW foi construido e a potencia dissipada neste circuito foi medida via wattimetro digital. Em seguida, um prototipo simples e de baixo custo de um calorimetro indireto serie foi desenvolvido, para que as incertezas associadas as leituras de perdas fossem reduzidas. Os resultados de simulacao indicam que a topologia NPC1 exibe maior rendimento global dentre as UPSs com componentes de silicio, para a maior parte dos projetos deUPS avaliados. Ademais, as UPSs com SiC superam o desempenho da maioria das variacoes de silicio em analise, o que acena para a viabilidade dos componentes de SiC para estas aplicacoes.Os resultados experimentais apontam para a concordância entre as estimativas de perdas e as medicoes via wattimetro. A efetividade do prototipo de calorimetro indireto serie para a medicao de perdas e demonstrada em ensaios com resistores de potencia. Por fim, as tecnicas propostas para a avaliacao teorica de perdas podem ser estendidas para qualquer conversor estatico e podem orientar o projeto de equipamentos mais eficientes e com maior densidade de potencia.
Narrowband polarization-dependent fractal based plasmonic absorbers

We propose a narrowband plasmonic absorber based on 3D fractal geometries. The geometric parameters of the proposed structure were optimized to exhibit strong absorption (above 90% for normal incidence) for transverse magnetic polarization in the region of electromagnetic spectrum used in optical communications (1.0 - 2.0 μm). The proposed structure demonstrated that the resonant peaks can be tunned with the geometric parameters of the structure. We also analyzed the dependence of thickness and effects of fractal rotation to analyze fabrication tolerance.
Culture and Power: How Do Culture and Power Influence Iranian Couples

Abstract Power is manifested differently in different cultures. Modern societies are balancing between power and equality. During the past few years, the Iranian family system has changed. Women are looking toward nongendered equality. The aim of this study was to investigate the power within the cultural background of urban Iranian couples. In this qualitative study, 16 couples (n = 32) were recruited and interviewed by using a semistructured interview. Each partner was interviewed individually. Narratives were recorded and transcribed by all authors separately and a final conclusion was made. To analyze the data, thematic analysis was carried out. The analysis of the data shows that in Iranian families, power is influenced by six themes: (a) couple’s communication patterns, (b) gender identity and roles, (c) original family’s perception of power, (d) couples indecisiveness (irresponsibility), (e) sexual issues, and (f) ambivalence. Understanding power dynamics in Iranian families is helpful for both researchers and practitioners.
Mandibular Growth Anomalies: Terminology - Aetiology Diagnosis - Treatment

I The Basics. - How I Became a Cranio-maxillofacial Surgeon. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Aetiology of Jaw Anomalies. - 3 Parts of the Facial Skeleton. - 4 Documentation for Diagnosis, Treatment Planning and Follow-up. - 5 Scintigraphy, a Diagnostic and Treatment Planning Aid. - 6 Principles in Treatment Planning of Facial Skeletal Anomalies. - 7 Philosophy of Corrective Surgery Planning. - 8 Mandibular Asymmetries. - 9 What Do We Know About Growth of the Mandible. - 10 Clinical Experience Regarding the Influence of the Condyle on the Growth of the Mandible. - II Condylar Hyperactivity. - 11 Condylar Hyperactivity. - 12 Hemimandibular Hyperplasia (H.H.). - 13 Hemimandibular Elongation (H.E.). - 14 Hybrid (Mixed) Forms of H.H. and H.E. - 15 Bilateral Combination Forms. - 16 Hemifacial Hyperplasia. - 17 Mandibular Growth Anomalies in Acromegaly. - 18 Histology of Condyles in Mandibular Growth Anomalies. - III Principal Surgical Procedures. - 19 Principal Standard Operation Techniques and Instruments. - 20 The Sagittal Splitting of the Mandible Procedure. - 21 The Le Fort I-Type Mobilization Procedure. - 22 The Transoral Chin Correction. - 23 Masseter Muscle Hypertrophy and Bony Surplus. - 24 Tongue Reduction. - 25 Instruments. - References.
Abnormal Alpha Rhythm During Self-Referential Processing in Schizophrenia Patients

Schizophrenia patients exhibited a psychological abnormal appearance when they recognized objects related to themselves. This cognitive process is associated with self-referential processing. In this study, the self-referential memory (SRM) task was performed by 18 schizophrenia patients and 18 healthy controls. In the encoding stage of the SRM task, the behavioral experiment data and electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded in three experimental conditions (self-referential condition, other-referential condition, and physical condition). For data analysis, the electrophysiological performance of the time-frequency distribution, phase lag index (PLI) strengths, phase synchronization connectivity, and brain-network properties were assessed in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls. We found that schizophrenia patients exhibited abnormal alpha oscillation characteristics at the time of 100–300 ms poststimulus during the self-referential condition, which consisted of diminished time-frequency distributions over the prefrontal, parietal, and occipital regions; lower functional connectivity strengths of the PLI in the parietal and occipital areas; higher global efficiency and the lower characteristic path length; and nodal efficiency of local areas (increased nodal efficiency in temporal regions and decreased nodal efficiency in occipital region) for dynamic network topology properties. Furthermore, the evoked power of the alpha band during the self-referential condition was significantly correlated with the SRM bias score in the patients (r = 0.595, p = 0.009). These results provided electrophysiological evidence and supported the hypothesis that an abnormal alpha rhythm might be the principal factor of dysfunctional self-referential processing in schizophrenia patients.
WILDFIRE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT USING MULTI-TEMPORAL SENTINEL-2 DATA

Abstract. Recently, the drastic climate changes have increased the importance of wildfire monitoring and damage assessment as well as the possibility of wildfire occurrence. Estimation of wildfire damage provides the information on wildfire-induced ecological changes and supports the decision-making process for post-fire treatment activities. For accurate wildfire damage assessment, the discrimination between disaster-induced and natural changes is crucial because they usually coupled together. In this study, Sentinel-2 images were employed to assess the damage from a wildfire, which occurred in the coniferous forest of Gangneung, Gangwon Province, South Korea on April 2019. The images were captured from both Sentinel-2A and -2B, shortening the temporal interval of available pre- and post-fire images. Multi-temporal image analysis was performed in both object and pixel-based with two commonly used spectral indices, NDVI and NBR. Additional image pair from the same period of 2018 was used to distinguish the fire-affected regions from the naturally changed area and compared with the results from using only one pair of images from 2019. The experimental results showed that the change detection performance could be affected by the number of image pairs and spectral indices used to discriminate burned region from unburned region. Thus it verified the significance of adequately employing annual multi-pair satellite images for wildfire damage assessment.