Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Event‐triggered control for adaptive bilateral teleoperators with communication delays

Bilateral teleoperation systems have been widely applied for human operators to manipulate slave robots in accomplishing various tasks within remote environments. However, most teleoperation systems developed previously have heavily relied on continuous communication or a network with higher sampling rates. In this study, the authors propose novel control schemes to guarantee stability and tracking performance of bilateral teleoperation by considering an event-based transmission. Based on local output signals and the proposed triggering mechanisms, the master and slave robots transmit signals over a communication network only when the triggering conditions are satisfied. An event-triggered coordinating controller is presented to guarantee stability and position tracking for non-linear teleoperators. Input-to-state stability of the proposed teleoperation system with bounded external forces is studied with guaranteed static force reflection. Subsequently, a transformation-based framework is addressed with the event-triggered coordinating control to cope with bilateral teleoperation systems under time delays. The Zeno behaviour is demonstrated to be excluded in the proposed event-triggered teleoperation systems. Numerical examples and experiments are presented to discuss the efficacy of the proposed event-triggered teleoperation systems.
Rotating Disk Galaxies without Dark Matter Based on Scientific Reasoning

The most cited evidence for (non-baryonic) dark matter has been an apparent lack of visible mass to gravitationally support the observed orbital velocity of matter in rotating disk galaxies, yet measurement of the mass of celestial objects cannot be straightforward, requiring theories derived from the known physical laws along with some empirically established semi-quantitative relationship. The most reliable means for determining the mass distribution in rotating disk galaxies is to solve a force balance equation according to Newton’s laws from measured rotation curves, similar to calculating the Sun’s mass from the Earth’s orbital velocity. Another common method to estimate galactic mass distribution is to convert measured brightness from surface photometry based on empirically established mass-to-light ratio. For convenience, most astronomers commonly assumed a constant mass-to-light ratio for estimation of the so-called “luminous” or “visible” mass, which would not likely be accurate. The mass determined from a rotation curve typically exhibits an exponential-like decline with galactrocentric distance, qualitatively consistent with observed surface brightness but often with a larger disk radial scale length. This fact scientifically suggests variable mass-to-light ratio of baryonic matter in galaxies without the need for dark matter.
Magnetic Excitations Induced by Surface Acoustic Waves and Spin-Polarized Currents

La tesis gira en torno al estudio de la dinamica de la magnetizacion en capas y multicapas delgadas ferromagneticas. Sin embargo, los sistemas estudiados son diversos y pueden clasificarse por la tecnica utilizada para la excitacion de la dinamica de la magnetizacion. Este hecho queda plasmado en la estructura de la tesis que consta de una introduccion general, Capitulo 1, y luego de dos partes independientes y separadas, a su vez, en varios capitulos. El orden en la exposicion de los resultados pretende seguir una linea logica para su compresion. Como contrapartida, los resultados son presentados sin seguir un orden cronologico. La primera parte de la tesis estudia la dinamica de la magnetizacion inducida por la aplicacion de tension dinamicamente sobre el material magnetico, que al deformarlo induce en el un cambio en la direccion e intensidad de la anisotropia magnetica. Por lo tanto, los estados magneticos se ven afectados por esta variacion y cambian para alinearse con la nueva direccion de anisotropia magnetica induciendo dinamica en la magnetizacion. La segunda parte de la tesis estudia la dinamica de la magnetizacion inducida por la aplicacion de corriente polarizada a traves del material magnetico que intercambia momento magnetico con los espines magneticos de los electrones de la corriente. Para que esta transferencia de momento magnetico sea efectiva la densidad de corriente ha de ser elevada (~106-107 A/cm2) y para conseguirla se reduce hasta los 50-200 nm el diametro del contacto electrico. Los materiales ferromagneticos con grosor nanometrico usados en esta tesis son materiales magneticos usados ampliamente en la investigacion. Aparte del interes puramente cientifico, estos materiales son potencialmente aplicables en telecomunicaciones o tecnologias del almacenaje y transmision de informacion a altas velocidades.
Multi-Layer PCB Bow-Tie Antenna Array for (77–81) GHz Radar Applications

In this article, a new wideband cavity-backed bow-tie microstrip antenna is presented for short-range 77–81 GHz radar applications. The design is based on a subarray consisting of two single elements. Each element consists of a multilayer bow-tie patch antenna surrounded by a metallic cavity to suppress the surface waves and parallel plate modes. The subarray elements are fed through a laminated waveguide with 180° phase shift. An eight-layer build-up and a new advanced multilayer PCB technology, the so-called any-layer PCB technology, is used for the fabrication. The performance of this antenna has been verified by both simulations and measurements. A bandwidth of more than 8% is achieved. The gain is 7.9 dBi, and the radiation efficiency is 70% at 79 GHz. Beam widths of 84° in the E-plane and 48° in the H-plane are obtained, which are compatible with radar requirements for short-range applications.
Statistical Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Distribution of Ozone Induced by Cut-Off Lows in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere over Northeast Asia

This paper presents the results of a statistical study of the spatiotemporal distribution of ozone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) regions induced by cut-off lows (COLs) over Northeast Asia. The analysis was based on high-resolution ERA-Interim ozone data and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) satellite data for the period from 2005–2015. A total of 186 COL events were detected. The observed ozone distribution revealed an ozone-rich region in the upper troposphere (300 hPa) located around the center of the COLs at the time when COLs reached their maximum intensity. This region corresponds to a region of high potential vorticity (PV). In the middle troposphere (500 hPa), enhanced levels of the ozone were distributed in two regions. The maximum concentration was located to the east of the COLs, and a secondary maximum region was in the center of the COLs. Further analysis revealed that this spatial distribution of ozone in the upper troposphere was affected mainly by decreased tropopause. The ozone was subject to a ‘rotary’ transport process in the middle troposphere, influenced mainly by the anticlockwise circulation of the COLs and the surrounding horizontal wind distribution. The temporal variations in ozone anomalies also revealed the ozone distribution patterns and transport processes. The variation in ozone anomalies implied that the magnitude of the ozone increase was closely related to the evolution of COLs lifecycle. The temporal and spatial distributions of the ozone revealed by the statistical analysis of the AIRS satellite data were overall consistent with those of the ERA-Interim data.
Band Selection by Divergence Distance Based on Gaussian Mixture Model for Hyperspectral Image Classification

In this work, we investigate a new band selection approach by Divergence distance based on the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) for Hyperspectral image classification. The main motivation in modeling the Divergence distance with GMM is due to the fact that GMM is well known to be less sensitive to estimation error problem than non-parametric models and can capture non Gaussian statistics of multivariate data. To estimate the parameters of GMM, the Expectation Maximization (EM) with the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and a Robust Expectation Maximization (REM) algorithm are used. This investigation is inspired by our previous work on the Bhattacharyya distance hence we are particularly interested in using the Divergence distance to find out which one gives better results. The performances of the proposed approach are compared to those of the Bhattacharyya distance in terms of global classification accuracy and numbers of retained bands through two Classifiers; Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The experiments are carried out on three hyperspectral images, the Indiana Pines (92AV3C), the Botswana and the Kennedy Space Center dataset (KSC).
Time-Domain Receiver Function Deconvolution Using Genetic Algorithm

Receiver function (RF) traces are a well-known method for Earth’s crustal modeling using passive teleseismic data. These traces are formed by the deconvolution of three-component seismograms, resulting in an impulse train with each peak amplitude and time location representing the depth and gradient of model’s discontinuities. In this letter, it proposed a novel method for calculating seismogram deconvolution and built an RF trace based on genetic algorithms, where a collection of time-shifted impulses is set as an individual chromosome and a population of possible solutions evolves using crossover and mutation operations. The best parameters are then optimized using a gradient descent algorithm. The method is entirely in time-domain and avoids common problems such as the first peak with negative amplitude. It can be easily automated for large data set processing as it does not require user interaction during parameter optimization. The algorithm was tested with synthetic data as well as with teleseismic signals recorded by a seismic station, showing coherent results.
DC motor simulation transfer function estimation: case study Proteus Ver. 7

Computing technology development today has a significant influence on the design process of a product or system even including the learning process in the field concerned. The electronics and control field is a field that greatly helped by these developments. Developments of electronic products or systems become faster and more efficient with the availability of CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software. Some Electronic CAD software provides DC motor model, as Proteus 7.0. Availability of this model is beneficial in control system designing and learning but the availability of a DC motor models are often constrained because are not accompanied with adequate information about internal parameters of the dc motor model or dc motor modeling done in programming so it is not possible to derive dc motor transfer function based on internal parameters. This study successfully showed transfer function derivation of dc motor in Proteus CAD simulation with a black-box approach for linear systems.
1-D Frequency-Diverse Single-Shot Guided-Wave Imaging Using Surface-Wave Goubau Line

This article presents a 1-D frequency-diverse guided-wave imaging technique based on a surface-wave Goubau line. It employs frequency diversity to capture spatial information of the scatterers with an almost real-time speed, which is much faster than mechanical scanning or electronic scanning approaches. The surface-wave Goubau line is used because it provides more independent measurement modes than conventional transverse electromagnetic (TEM) transmission lines. Compressed sensing algorithms are employed to recover the spatial distributions when some sparse metal scatterers are placed above the line. The proposed technique is validated by four numerical examples and two experimental validations, where both narrow scatterers and wide scatterers are considered. It shows that the proposed technique is able to reconstruct scatterer position within an error of 1 mm, about 1/30 space wavelength at the center frequency 10 GHz. It is also able to identify two close scatterers until their distance reduces to 1 mm. This guided-wave technique, although applicable to very near-field detection only, can find broad applications in localization, field measurement, and fault detection.
Inference and diagnostics for heteroscedastic nonlinear regression models under skew scale mixtures of normal distributions

ABSTRACT The heteroscedastic nonlinear regression model (HNLM) is an important tool in data modeling. In this paper we propose a HNLM considering skew scale mixtures of normal (SSMN) distributions, which allows fitting asymmetric and heavy-tailed data simultaneously. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is performed via the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. The observed information matrix is derived analytically to account for standard errors. In addition, diagnostic analysis is developed using case-deletion measures and the local influence approach. A simulation study is developed to verify the empirical distribution of the likelihood ratio statistic, the power of the homogeneity of variances test and a study for misspecification of the structure function. The method proposed is also illustrated by analyzing a real dataset.
Towards deep learned constitutive models based on two‐dimensional strain fields

In order to calibrate material models, experimental stress‐strain curves are usually compared with model predictions under the same loading conditions. While this approach guarantees good results for one specific loading type, the resulting model is not generally able to properly predict other loading scenarios. Therefore, a variety of mechanical tests can be conducted, amongst which uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, pure‐shear and equibiaxial tension tests are the most commonly used ones. Multi‐axial loading often cannot be adequately predicted solely based on test data from one such experiment. Therefore, the material model can be fitted against several mechanical test data sets simultaneously in order to increase the prediction quality, which requires a considerable amount of experiment work.
Accounting for physically nonlinear deformation of the shell under flat loading based on the finite element method

On the basis of the theory of small elastic plastic deformations obtained at the loading step in the curvilinear coordinate system of the relationship between stress increments and strain increments, which are implemented in the matrix of shell stiffness under flat loading In this paper, algorithms for obtaining physically nonlinear relations at the loading step in finite element calculations of shells under flat loading are developed.On the basis of relations of deformation theory of plasticity the equations of connection between increments of stresses and increments of deformations at flat loading in elastic plastic stage of work are received. The coefficients of proportionality are obtained when using the strain diagram of the material. The found defining relations are implemented in the algorithm of forming the stiffness matrix of the finite element of the shell under flat loading. Specific examples show the effectiveness of the developed algorithms for the calculation of the shell with a flat loading beyond the elasticity limits.
Effect of Acupuncture Stimulation Combined with Extreme Infra-red Rays Radiation on Both Skin Surface and Deep Temperature.

鍼治療に遠赤外線を併用した場合の効果については明確ではない。 そこで我々は、皮膚温度と深部温度を指標として遠赤外線の単独刺激と遠赤外線と鍼刺激との併用刺激における生体反応について比較検討を行った。 その結果、照射部位である肩甲間部と腰部では遠赤外線単独刺激群と鍼刺激併用群ともに刺激中は上昇し、刺激後は下降する類似した温度変化を示した。 しかし、遠隔部位である足底部では遠赤外線単独刺激群は無変化であったのに対し、鍼刺激併用群では刺激中、刺激後も上昇する傾向を示した。 これらの結果は鍼t刺激に遠赤外線を併用することによって照射部位だけでなく遠隔部位の皮膚温度および深部温度をも上昇させることを示唆している。
Implementation of a graphene quantum Hall Kelvin bridge-on-a-chip for resistance calibrations

The unique properties of the quantum Hall effect allow one to revisit traditional measurement circuits with a new flavour. In this paper we present the first realization of a quantum Hall Kelvin bridge for the calibration of standard resistors directly against the quantum Hall resistance. The bridge design is particularly simple and requires a minimal number of instruments. The implementation here proposed is based on the bridge-on-a-chip, an integrated circuit composed of three graphene quantum Hall elements and superconducting wiring. The accuracy achieved in the calibration of a 12 906 standard resistor is of a few parts in 108, at present mainly limited by the prototype device and the interferences in the current implementation, with the potential to achieve few parts in 109, which is the level of the systematic uncertainty of the quantum Hall Kelvin bridge itself.
Zero-Determinate Strategies for Iterated Three-Player Game

Zero Determinant (ZD) strategies is a new class of probabilistic and conditional strategies discovered by Press and Dyson which has been applied on two players. ZD strategies for multiple players will be explored where the application of ZD has been taken on Iterated three-player Prisoner’s Dilemma Game (IPDG) with two actions C or D. It is assumed that the results in the case of the three players correspond to what was obtained in the case of two players with different calculation methods. It is interesting, although the player who adopts ZD strategies can determine the opponent’s payoffs in a unilateral way. And with an extortion strategy, he can impose a linear relationship between the expected return for him and the expected payoff of other players, but he cannot determine his own score. Also, the yield matrix was determined in the case of three players.
A REMARK ON L2 DISTANCE FUNCTION AND NON-IDENTIFIABILITY PROBLEM OF FINITE MIXTURE DISTRIBUTION MODELS IN MODEL-BASED CLASSIFICATION

Finite mixture models provide flexible method of modeling data obtained from population consisting of finite number of homogeneous subpopulations. One of the main areas in which the finite mixture model structures is practically used in statistics is model based classification. However, the result of non identifiability problem arising from the structure of the finite mixture models may cause unreliable results on classification. In this paper we compare the probability density functions ( ) of the finite mixture distribution models for two different populations by L2 distance. We propose the componentwise L2 distance function to compare the of finite mixture distribution models for two different populations in the presence of non identifiability problem. Besides, a condition is proposed to control whether the L2 distance function gives similar results with the componentwise L2 distance function to compare the of finite mixture distribution models for two different populations.
Helical magnetic ordering in thin FeGe membranes

D. M. Burn ,1,* S. L. Zhang,2,3,† S. Wang,4 H. F. Du,4,‡ G. van der Laan,1,§ and T. Hesjedal 3,‖ 1Magnetic Spectroscopy Group, Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom 2School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China 3Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom 4Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
The effect of axial distance on dual rotor wind turbine’s performance

Dual-rotor wind turbine (DRWT) is the development of wind turbine design with the addition of rotors placed on the same shaft. The addition of rotors causes the turbine to improve its performance. Experimental research was conducted to determine the performance that can be achieved by the DRWT type using the wind tunnel module. The test was carried out on three variations of the axial distance ratio of 0.08; 0.12; and 0.16. Comparing with a singlerotor wind turbine (SRWT), the DRWT type gives better performance. The DRWT type can rotate at a lower tip speed ratio than SRWT type. The power generated by the DRWT type is increasing up to 100% at tip speed ratio of 0.08 in all axial distance ratio while SRWT type can not rotate at tip speed ratio of 0.8. The DRWT type with a ratio of 0.12 is able to reach the highest coefficient of power which is 0.35 at tip speed ratio of 1.2. There was an increment of 53.7% in mechanical power from the SRWT type under the same conditions. Furthermore, the numerical method was used to know the flow phenomenon in the two rotors. The wake flow behind the first rotor causes backflow that give a loss to DRWT’s performance but still has enough energy that can be extracted by the second rotor and converted to mechanical power. Greater energy conversion will reduce wasted wind energy.
A high-fidelity multi-channel portable platform for development of novel algorithms for assistive listening wearables

The NIDCD has funded a number of projects to develop portable signal processing tools that enable real-time processing of the acoustic environment. The overarching goal is to provide a large group of researchers with the means to efficiently develop and evaluate novel signal processing schemes, individualized fitting procedures, and technical solutions and services for hearing apparatus such as hearing aids and assistive listening devices. We report here on a development done in the SBIR Phase II Project R44DC016247. This project builds on the software being concurrently developed in R01DC015429 to provide a complete portable and wearable software-hardware master hearing aid device needed for development of new solutions for assisted hearing. We will present and demonstrate the portable platform, currently in the Beta launch, that consists of a Cortex A8 based processing unit and a codec set able to support hearing aid architecture of up to 6 microphones and 4 speakers. It is currently accompanied by a binaural 2-microphone BTE hearing aid set, but will also support different headset form-factors of our partners. Additionally it features stereo line in and line out connections. The device can be remotely controlled with a smart phone.The NIDCD has funded a number of projects to develop portable signal processing tools that enable real-time processing of the acoustic environment. The overarching goal is to provide a large group of researchers with the means to efficiently develop and evaluate novel signal processing schemes, individualized fitting procedures, and technical solutions and services for hearing apparatus such as hearing aids and assistive listening devices. We report here on a development done in the SBIR Phase II Project R44DC016247. This project builds on the software being concurrently developed in R01DC015429 to provide a complete portable and wearable software-hardware master hearing aid device needed for development of new solutions for assisted hearing. We will present and demonstrate the portable platform, currently in the Beta launch, that consists of a Cortex A8 based processing unit and a codec set able to support hearing aid architecture of up to 6 microphones and 4 speakers. It is currently accompanied by a bi.