Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simple Moving Voltage Average Incremental Conductance MPPT Technique with Direct Control Method under Nonuniform Solar Irradiance Conditions

A new simple moving voltage average (SMVA) technique with fixed step direct control incremental conductance method is introduced to reduce solar photovoltaic voltage () oscillation under nonuniform solar irradiation conditions. To evaluate and validate the performance of the proposed SMVA method in comparison with the conventional fixed step direct control incremental conductance method under extreme conditions, different scenarios were simulated. Simulation results show that in most cases SMVA gives better results with more stability as compared to traditional fixed step direct control INC with faster tracking system along with reduction in sustained oscillations and possesses fast steady state response and robustness. The steady state oscillations are almost eliminated because of extremely small around maximum power (MP), which verify that the proposed method is suitable for standalone PV system under extreme weather conditions not only in terms of bus voltage stability but also in overall system efficiency.
Néandertaliens et paléolithique supérieur dans la grotte de Vindija, Croatie : Controverses autour de la couche G1

La grotte de Vindija en Hrvatsko zagorje (Nord-Ouest de la Croatie) est un des rares sites ou on a trouve l'association possible des Neandertaliens avec l'industrie du Paleolithique superieur. Cette association etait jusqu'a present souvent contestee parce que des cryoturbations etaient presentes dans une partie de la grotte. C'est pourquoi on a invoque des arguments demontrant la possibilite que les Neandertaliens de Vindija avaient fabrique des outils d'os de type Paleolithique superieur, en imitant peut-etre les outils de l'homme moderne. La verification de la contemporaneite du fragment de la mandibule neandertalienne (Vi 207) et de la pointe a base fendue (Vi 3437) trouvees directement l'une a cote de l'autre dans la couche Gl, a ete faite par la datation directe par la methode de spectrometrie gamma, non-destructive mais malheureusement on n'a pas obtenu de resultats concluants. Il faut souligner que l'industrie de la couche Gl contient des outils lithiques de tradition mousterienne encore toujours accentuee ainsi que des outils lithiques et osseux du Paleolithique superieur : cette apparition est un caractere regional et elle est typique du debut du Paleolithique superieur du Nord-Ouest de la Croatie et de la Slovenie.
Traditional honey harvesting by the Pnar community of South Assam, India

Honey obtained from the bee hives is a sweet food and has a great medicinal value. Honey collected from nature by the ethnic communities is an important source of nutrition and also contribute to their income generation. Honey collection from the wild is especially done by the indigenous tribe and forest dwellers. The Pnar community living in Barak Valley, South Assam is also engaged in the collection of honey from the forest, especially during the spring season. The process starts with the gathering of information, followed by the preparation for the activity and subsequently extraction of honey from the bee hive. The technique used by the Pnar community is a challenging one as it involves harvesting of honey from lofty trees in forest with traditionally made gears like bamboo basket, smoke torch and a one bamboo ladder. The indigenous ways involves lining the bamboo basket with leaves for the collection of honey, using smoke to frighten the bee and storage of honey in the bamboo pipes. The present study exhibits the rich traditional knowledge that has paved the way for a sustainable livelihood since long and at the same time provides income generation opportunity for the community. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License .
Distinctive orbital anisotropy observed in the nematic state of a FeSe thin film

Author(s): Zhang, Y; Yi, M; Liu, ZK; Li, W; Lee, JJ; Moore, RG; Hashimoto, M; Nakajima, M; Eisaki, H; Mo, SK; Hussain, Z; Devereaux, TP; Shen, ZX; Lu, DH | Abstract: © 2016 American Physical Society. The nematic state, where a system is translationally invariant but breaks rotational symmetry, has drawn great attention recently due to the experimental observations of such a state in both cuprates and iron-based superconductors. The origin of nematicity and its possible tie to the pairing mechanism of high-Tc, however, still remain controversial. Here, we study the electronic structure of a multilayer FeSe film using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The band reconstruction in the nematic state is clearly delineated. We find that the energy splitting between dxz and dyz bands shows a nonmonotonic distribution in momentum space. From the Brillouin zone center to the Brillouin zone corner, the magnitude of splitting first decreases, then increases, and finally reaches the maximum value of ∼70 meV. Moreover, besides the dxz and dyz bands, band splitting was also observed on the dxy bands with a comparable energy scale around 45 meV. Our results suggest that the electronic anisotropy in the nematic state cannot be explained by a simple on-site ferro-orbital order. Instead, strong anisotropy exists in the hopping of all dxz,dyz, and dxy orbitals, the origin of which holds the key to a microscopic understanding of the nematicity in iron-based superconductors.
Total Value Assessment of Tree Clearing for Developing Grazing Systems in Central Queensland

Tree clearing is widely practised in Queensland to develop exotic pastures to enhance pasture production and hence the financial gains. One of the major woodland community i.e. brigalow (Acacia harpop hylla) was targeted for clearing in the early 1950s due to its fertile soils. Recently, some marginal communities such as Poplar box (Eucalyptus populnea) and Iron bark (Eucalyptus melanophloia) are targeted for clearing. Net benefits from clearing woodlands to increase pasture production, hence cattle production, is questioned in this paper. Previous studies have emphasised the gains in pasture yield over 15 yrs. ) or whether such an increase is 'actually beneficial' and does not result in any adverse in-situ and ex-situ ecological effects on grazing systems? The study is based on detailed ecological data on pasture production, soil properties (biological and physicochemical), litter production and nutrient recycling, and pasture plant diversity and diet quality. For this, three tree communities i.e. A. harpophylla, E. melanophloia and E. populnea were selected in central Queensland. There were three different ages of clearing i.e. 5 yr, 11-13 yr and 33 yr for each of the tree community. Comparisons were made for paired plots between cleared and uncleared (intact) woodlands across 3 age groups of clearing. An economic analysis was conducted of tangible (pasture yield) and intangible parameters (soil properties, plant diversity and diet quality, and nutrients recycled through litter). The total assessment for pasture yield and various ecological parameters across 3 different age groups of clearing and their paired uncleared plots provides information for the land holders, policy makers and land managers to make decisions on tree clearing for pasture development considering the long term ecological effects.
Design and simulation analysis of an improved lower limb exoskeleton

The lower extremity exoskeleton robot is a type of power assisted robot which can enhance the human walking function. A fundamental problem in the development of the exoskeleton is the choice of lightweight actuators. Thus in the mechanical structure design in this paper, the linear motor is selected as it greatly reduces the complexity of the mechanical structure. Furthermore, the limit switch inside the motor improves the safety performance. Based on the last version of the exoskeleton, the band positions, length adjusting holes and mechanical limit structures are increased. In addition, a control system based on DSP is designed. Furthermore, a kinematics analysis is carried out using the D-H parameter method and a dynamic analysis is developed using the Newton-Euler method. The driving force of every joint is obtained during the simulation using ADAMS software.
HOW INDEPENDENT SHOULD THE BOARD BE? CORPORATE BOARD STRUCTURE FROM A VOTING PERSPECTIVE

This paper proposes a model of corporate voting in which private information and individual preferences of board directors drive the board decisions. The optimal board structure and optimal firm value are solved numerically and their dependence on director and firm characteristics are studied. The optimal board structure is determined by outside and inside directors' relative informedness about the firm, insiders' bias, outsiders' advisory ability as well as the characteristics of the projects that the firm have. Voting rules other than the majority voting rule are considered. It is found that the majority rule often is not the optimal rule and it is optimal for a firm to have more inside directors while adopting a tougher voting rule. By studying strategic voting equilibria theoretically, insights about how board directors vote strategically are also provided.
Origin of the dust emission from Tycho's SNR

Aims. We investigate the spatial distribution of dust emission around Tycho's SNR to understand its origin. We distinguish the dust associated with the SNR from that of the surrounding ISM.Methods. We performed mid- to far-infrared imaging observations of the remnant at wavelengths of 9, 15, 18, 24, 65, 90, 140, and 160 μ m using the Infrared Camera and the Far-Infrared Surveyor onboard AKARI. We compared the AKARI images with the Suzaku X-ray image and the 12 CO image of Tycho's SNR.Results. All the AKARI images except the 9, 140, and 160 μ m band images show a shell-like emission structure with brightness peaks at the northeast (NE) and northwest (NW) boundaries, sharply outlining part of the X-ray shell. The 140 and 160 μ m bands are dominated by cold dust emission from the surrounding ISM near the NE boundary.Conclusions. We conclude that the dust emission at the NE boundary comes from the ambient cloud interacting with the shock front, while the origin of the dust emission at the NW boundary is rather unclear because of the absence of prominent interstellar clouds near the corresponding region. We cannot rule out the possibility that the latter is mostly of an SN ejecta origin.
An Adaptive Smith-Fuzzy PID Control Design for Steering and Speed Control System of Electric Vehicle

This paper mainly studies the steering and speed cooperative control system of electrical vehicles, and establishes relevant mathematical model. A control approach is proposed by combining adaptive smith predictor and fuzzy PID controller. The results show that the adaptive smith-fuzzy PID controller has a better control effect than the classical PID control and fuzzy PID control, its functions complement and coordinate to provide service each other.
Comparison between the Fourier finite‐difference method and the generalized‐screen method

The Fourier finite‐difference propagator and the generalized‐screen propagator are two general high‐order forms of one‐way dual‐domain methods. We compare these two propagators mainly on phase accuracy, computational efficiency and 3D extension. A comparison of phase accuracy shows that the high‐order generalized‐screen propagator is preferable to the Fourier finite‐difference propagator for heterogeneous media with a weak velocity contrast and wide dip angle. With increasing velocity contrast, the accuracy improvement gained by the high‐order generalized‐screen propagator declines rapidly. The Fourier finite‐difference propagator is more robust and flexible to lateral velocity variations than the generalized‐screen propagator. The 2D Fourier finite‐difference propagator is superior to the 2D generalized‐screen propagator when the velocity contrast is stronger than 23%. Despite the two‐way splitting error, the 3D Fourier finite‐difference propagator is more accurate than the second‐order generalized‐screen propagator when the velocity contrast is stronger than 20% and is more accurate than the fourth‐order generalized‐screen propagator when the velocity contrast is stronger than 40%. Numerical experiments on the SEG/EAGE salt model demonstrate that the Fourier finite‐difference propagator behaves better than the generalized‐screen propagator when imaging steep salt boundary and faults beneath the salt body. Under the same hardware and software conditions, the computational cost of the Fourier finite‐difference propagator in our implementation is greater than that of the second‐order generalized‐screen propagator but smaller than that of the third‐order generalized‐screen propagator. Compared with the Fourier finite‐difference propagator, the generalized‐screen propagator requires fewer grid points per wavelength and has more potential to improve running speed in the presence of a much faster Fourier transform. These analyses are applicable for both forward modelling and depth migration.
Chinese Culture and Cancer among Malaysian Chinese Cancer Survivors

We conduct a case study on cancer survivors with the aim to investigate the influence of specific social and cultural factors that may have influenced informants’ unhealthy lifestyle and health-seeking behaviour and thus causing the illness - cancer. In the 50 in-depth interviews with 50 informants, this report of Chinese culture and cancer was designed to evaluate the role of Chinese culture in causing cancer. In its discussion section, this report focuses on three main themes of cancer diagnosis among the informants: (i) perception of health and illness after cancer, (ii) emotional effects of stress in cancer etiology, and (iii) decision-making and cancer treatment. In summary, several Chinese sociocultural beliefs and practices played their roles in the informants’ ways of living, health-seeking behaviours, and cancer diagnosis. The results suggested that Chinese cultural beliefs and practices influenced the Malaysian Chinese cancer survivors’ perceptions of health, illness, and cancer treatment.
Frequency References Based on the Thermal Diffusivity of Silicon and Silicon Dioxide

Conventional methods of generating accurate on-chip frequencies are based on electrical components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Recently, a new type of frequency reference based on the thermal diffusivity (TD) of silicon has been introduced. Such TD frequency references rely on the well defined thermal-domain properties of silicon, rather than on the stability of electrical components. This thesis explores various ways of improving the performance of TD frequency references.
The Role of Belief and Religion in Creation of Persian Garden

The most important and profound spirit of traditional Iranian culture is the idea of “boostan” that means the nature and the human are in harmony. The Persian garden is the famous paradise in ancient Iran, and the Persian garden is the typical place to show the harmonious idea. If we understand the nature and ideal as (heaven) and understand the urban life as (human), then the ideal environment including natural tangibles in the city is the Paradise, which is the harmony between the nature and the human. In Iranian idea, the garden has a universal picture as it has changed into an inner view for centuries and is considered a portion of its culture. Aspects of this internal garden which takes its form from historical characteristics, religion and especially rooted customs of poems and spiritual schools can be seen in all aspects and stages of life. In other words, gardens are considered as spirit and symbol of nature and all over the world they are a way to refer to internal beliefs. Sometimes these flowers are portrayed in words but not in dry and senseless words like western literature. Persian gardens show the natural environment of tangibles, but look forward to the ideal of the sublimation of the real world. A significant notion, in the garden, is "simplicity. The findings indicated that functions and structure of gardens obscure the psychological feelings of acts of people. The positive relationship between Persian garden and religion was also in line with the behavior theory. The Persian cultural environment with structured religious relationships may have a tendency to spiritual and paradise simulation, for instance, on entering the Persian gardens, in the whole space alongside the major axis, landscapes of altitudes are visible.
Enhancing Regulatory Compliance by Using Artificial Intelligence Text Mining to Identify Penalty Clauses in Legislation

As regulatory compliance (or compliance governance) becomes ever more challenging, attempts to engage IT solutions and especially artificial intelligence (AI) are on the rise. This paper suggest that regulatory compliance can be enhanced by employing an AI model trained to identify penalty clauses in the regulations. The paper provides the theoretical basis of machine learning for text classification and presents a two stage experiment of (1) training multiple models and selecting the best one; and (2) employing a sliding window detection in order to identify penalty clauses in regulation. Results benchmarked using an algorithm based penalties API suggests further development is needed.
Managing residues and nitrogen in intensive cropping systems. New understanding for efficient recovery by crops.

In intensive agriculture regions the use of large amounts of N fertiliser results in a progressive increase of losses in the N balance and therefore to deleterious effects on the environment. Nowadays, farmers are constrained by EU and national directives, to adopt a more cautious N fertilisation strategy; it might increase the frequency that crops will experience N deficiency. A better understanding of crop-nutrient interactions is necessary for maximising N uptake capacity of crops and for optimising the N use efficiency by crops. The theory developed in this paper supports the hypothesis that crop N uptake is coregulated by (i) the mineral soil N concentration and (ii) the potential growth rate of the crop. The agronomic nitrogen efficiency can be split into two components (i) the N uptake efficiency, and (ii) the N conversion efficiency. These two efficiencies increase with the rate and duration of crop growth, but with some differences between species when they are compared at same crop mass. A better understanding of the mineralisation-immobilisation turn-over of N in the soil is needed for predicting soil N supply and the N recovery from crop residues. Fertiliser recovery is the result of the balance between crop N uptake and N-immobilisation by microbial processes. Therefore, the concept of “soil N supply” to a crop cannot be longer considered as a function of soil and climate conditions only, but should be considered also take into account the interactions between plant and soil processes. Improving crop and nutrient management is a prerequisite for optimising crop production and minimizing environmental risks due to N losses. The optimum rate of N application cannot simply be determined by the balance-sheet method. The uncertainties in the prediction of crop N demand require the use of crop N status indicators. Management of crop residues by different soil tillage and the introduction of cover crops within arable crop rotation as a mean to control soil N availability and nitrate leaching are discussed. The need of research on management of N at various scales, from the field to the landscape, in space and time is also emphasised.
Improvement in Classification Accuracy Rate Using Multiple Classifier Fusion Towards Computer Vision Detection of Malaria Parasite ( Plasmodium vivax )

Background: The main method used for the laboratory confirmation of malaria is the conventional light microscopy; however, microscopy has three main disadvantages: I) it is time-consuming and labor-intensive; II) its results depend heavily on good techniques, reagents and microscopes; III) in many cases decisions about treatment are often taken without using the result of microscopy because of long delays in providing the results to the clinician. Hence, an extreme necessity of the fast automatic detection of the disease is required to diagnose and treat promptly. Objectives: Through the improvement of classification accuracy rate, this work aims to present a computer-assisted diagnosis system for malaria parasite. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using 400 confirmed images of blood slides infected with malaria parasite. The MATLAB software was used for the implementation of computation procedures. Using five extracted features (flat texture, saturation channel histogram, color histogram, gradient, and granulometry) and six classifiers (k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), 1-Nearest Neighbor (1-NN), decision tree (DT), Fisher, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA)), images were classified into two classes: parasitic and nonparasitic. Then, classifier fusion was done using several algorithms: mean, min, max, stack, median, Adaboost, and bagging. Results: Using six classifiers separately, the highest accuracy was obtained 92% using the k-NN classifier. The highest accuracy of the classifiers' fusion was obtained using the Adaboost algorithm with 95.5% success rate. Conclusions: By comparing the results of classification using multiple classifier fusion with respect to using each classifier separately, it is found that the classifier fusion is more effective in enhancing the detection accuracy.
The Effects of Web Atmospherics on Entertainment Gratification and Web Irritation: Some Empirical Evidence from Online Shopping

The difficulty in converting web browsers into actual online customers remains a problem for many online retailers. While previous studies have suggested that online retailers should strive to increase entertainment gratification and reduce web irritation among online consumers, they lack empirical evidence to support the manipulation of web atmospherics toward this end. The research presented here establishes and tests the conceptual links of web atmospherics, entertainment gratification and web irritation. Data were collected using survey and mall-intercept systematic sampling approaches and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that well-designed dynamic web atmospherics had a significant effect in increasing entertainment gratification and reducing web irritation. Implications and recommendations from the research findings are also presented.