Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An integrated software architecture for the pollution-based real-time control of urban drainage systems

This paper presents a complete methodology for the development of an integrated software architecture, which can achieve a closed-loop application between the integrated real-time control (RTC) and a virtual reality simulation for the urban drainage system (UDS). Quality measurements are considered during the simulation and optimization process. Model predictive control (MPC) and rule-based control (RBC) are the two main RTC methods embedded in this architecture. The proposed integration environment allows the different software components to efficiently and effectively communicate and work in a system-wide way, as well as to execute all the necessary steps regarding input parameter management, scenario configuration and results extraction. The proposed approaches are implemented into a pilot based on the Badalona UDS (Spain). Results from different scenarios with individual control approaches and rain episodes are evaluated and discussed.
Design a New DC-DC Converter for a Grid Connected Photovoltaic System

Received: 10 November 2020 Accepted: 7 January 2021 This paper presents a recent technique for photovoltaic grid connected systems based on the use of the (DPC-SVM) to select the optimal switching states to apply to the inverter, where the extended reactive power is used instead of reactive power. This technique allows achieving an optimal control of the inverter which manifests in controlling the converters using an MPPT algorithm instead of controlling each part separately. This yields to a reduced global control system on a large scale. In this context, we suggest a DC-DC boost converter circuit to ensure better behavior of the system. The FMV technique is used to inject specific harmonics in order to eliminate or minimize the undesired harmonics. The SVM model has also been developed for optimal control of the inverter to prove the high performance of the proposed method. All the results are analyzed theoretically. The simulation has shown that this strategy gives satisfactory performances, improvement of the power factor and a reduction of the THD by 37%.
Innovation failure and firm growth: dependence on firm size and age

ABSTRACT This paper investigates whether a firm’s failure in undertaking innovative activities can promote or hamper its growth. It conducts a two-stage regression for the determinants innovation failure and its impact on firm growth by analysing the data of firms in the Korean manufacturing sector. It finds that firms are likely to fail in innovation when they have either low or extremely high levels of R&D intensity, conduct cooperative R&D, or face financial constraints. In addition, it finds that under these conditions, failed innovators have lower rates of growth than successful innovators, but also that firm size and age moderate the negative effect of innovation failure on firm growth. These findings imply that the impact of innovation failure on firm growth differs depending upon internal resources and resilience capability.
The Santorini Volcanic Complex as a Valuable Source of Enzymes for Bioenergy

Marine microbial communities are an untapped reservoir of genetic and metabolic diversity and a valuable source for the discovery of new natural products of biotechnological interest. The newly discovered hydrothermal vent field of Santorini volcanic complex located in the Aegean Sea is gaining increasing interest for potential biotechnological exploitation. The conditions in these environments, i.e., high temperatures, low pH values and high concentration of heavy metals, often resemble harsh industrial settings. Thus, these environments may serve as pools of enzymes of enhanced catalytic properties that may provide benefits to biotechnology. Here, we screened 11 metagenomic libraries previously constructed from microbial mat samples covering the seafloor and the polymetallic chimneys of Kolumbo volcano as well as mat samples from Santorini caldera, to mine, in silico, genes associated with bioenergy applications. We particularly focused on genes encoding biomass hydrolysis enzymes such as cellulases, hemicellulases and lignin-degrading enzymes. A total of 10,417 genes were found for three specific groups of enzymes—i.e., the endoglucanases, the three different beta-glucosidases BGL, bglX and bglB, and the alpha-galactosidases melA, and rafA. Overall, we concluded that the Santorini–Kolumbo volcanic ecosystems constitute a significant resource of novel genes with potential applications in bioenergy that deserve further investigation.
Performing and challenging gendered walls in leadership spaces in single sex schools: Lessons from a male-led girls’ basic school in Ghana

Women and men are capable of effectively discharging school leadership roles. However, in Ghana, people are socialised to expect females to lead girls’ schools and vice versa. Appointing a female or male to lead a single sex school that is opposite to their gender elicits gender stereotyping, protests and exclusion. While researchers have explored these dynamics in co-educational basic schools, they have not extended them to single sex schools. This case study investigated how the leadership practice of a male-led girls’ school in the Central Region of Ghana has challenged gendered walls. The study engaged 23 multiple stakeholders and gathered data through semi-structured interviews, observations and document analysis. Intra- and cross-case analyses of data revealed that loyalty to gender walls in single sex schools reflects the desire to respect and maintain the tradition of female headteachers in girls’ schools and male headteachers in boys’ schools. Overall, Ghana is still a traditional and patriarchal society that is characterised by gender inequity in leadership spaces. However, men and women who exhibit professional integrity and leadership competence could convert critics to supporters in a range of school settings. The Ghana Education Service should provide leadership preparation for practitioners to improve their leadership competence.
Physical environment of school and its relation to aggression

Children spend half of their waking time in schools at a time when they are the most active and supple in their lives. Their role in Indian schools is very passive and they are forced to be in the environment, subject to its physical facilities especially water, light, toilet facilities, spaciousness and cleanliness of the building and premises. This research studies how these physical factors affect children’s aggression level. Data was collected from 100 school students aged between 13 to 16years, studying in both private and government schools. It was found that cleanliness of the school building, especially of toilets was significantly related to aggression while lighting, drinking water, and spaciousness were not significantly related to aggression.
Additive Manufacturing of Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems Electrodes

supercapacitor electrodes with optimized charge transport. While conventional electrode production techniques are becoming increasingly obsolete and incompatible with technological developments such as wearables and ﬂ exible electronics, additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as one of several state-of-the-art tools to produce 3D-structured electrodes with morphology control, high yield, and scalability. Herein, a comprehensive review of the major AM technologies and most recent literature about designing and manufacturing electrode materials for batteries and supercapacitors is presented. A thorough discussion of research opportunities and challenges in this promising ﬁ eld is also presented to introduce the potential and importance of AM to current developments involving electrode materials. and FAPESP (2014/02163-7 & 2017/11958-1); and to Shell and the strategic importance of the support given by ANP (Brazil ’ s National Oil, Natural Gas, and Biofuels Agency) through the R&D levy regulation.
The application of isotope dilution to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Elimination des erreurs analytiques en spectrometrie ICP-MS (discrimination de masse, decalage d'intensite et effets de matrice) par application de la dilution isotopique et utilisation d'une formule donnant la masse de l'analyte en controlant les interferences
Compaction behaviour of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and two esters compared to their mechanical properties

The compaction behaviour of the homologous series of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid monohydrate (HBA) and its methyl- (MHB) and ethylester (EHB) was investigated by the use of a compaction simulator. The volume reduction mechanisms are affected by the crystal structure of the compounds. In agreement with the ease to compact HBA and EHB, their crystal lattices demonstrate possible slip planes, in contrast to MHB which has a dense and symmetrically packed unit cell without any slip planes. MHB is accordingly difficult to compact because of pronounced elastic properties causing very weak compacts. The compaction behaviour of EHB is characterized by plastic deformation of the crystal producing a very dense compact which exhibits significant elastic recovery in the decompression phase. The resulting compact strength depends partly upon the elastic/plastic properties of the crystal and partly upon the ability of the compound to form intermolecular bondings. The results are compared with literature data on the mechanical parameters of the three materials.
Nanocomb Architecture Design Using Germanium Selenide as High-Performance Lithium Storage Material

A key to improve the electrochemical performance of anode materials is to exploit the rational nanostructure designing beneficial for structural toughness and high rate capability. As a nanostructure design in accordance with this criterion, we introduced GeSe nanocomb architecture with well-developed nanocomb teeth on the backbone. In this unique nanocomb architecture, the free space between nanocomb teeth effectively alleviates tremendous volume expansion during lithiation, and anisotropic structure with a short Li+ diffusion length of tens of nanometer scale guarantees the favorable lithiation/delithiation kinetics. These structural advantages of GeSe nanocomb architecture lead to significantly improved electrochemical performance compared to the GeSe nanopowder counterpart. This GeSe nanocomb architecture exhibits electrochemical performance with the reversible capacity of 726 mA·h·g–1, showing superior capacity retention of 89% even after 1000 cycles at 1.0 C (1.01 A·g–1).
Alternating dual-wavelength second harmonic generation at 532 nm using a Y-branch distributed Bragg reflector diode laser

Alternating dual-wavelength second harmonic generation at 532 nm using a 1064 nm Y-branch distributed Bragg reflector diode laser will be presented. The light source is based on single-pass frequency conversion in a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide crystal with superimposed poling periods. All components, including the diode laser, optics for beam shaping and the nonlinear crystal, are mounted on a 5 x 25 mm2 aluminum nitride micro-optical bench soldered on a 25 x 25 mm2 conduction cooled package mount. Separated electrical contacts for the diode laser allow for alternating, wavelength stabilized dual-wavelength laser emission with spectral widths of 0.02 nm (0.2 cm-1). Heater elements implemented above the DBR gratings enable wavelength tuning, which is utilized for phase-matching at both wavelengths. At a heat sink temperature of 25°C, optical output powers of 5.6 mW at 532.45 nm and 6.7 mW at 531.85 nm with a spectral width of 0.01 nm (0.35 cm-1) are obtained. The developed light source is suitable for demanding applications such as Raman spectroscopy and shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS CONSUMIDORES DE PROTEÍNA ANIMAL SOBRE O BEM-ESTAR DOS ANIMAIS DE PRODUÇÃO NO MUNICIPIO DE PARAUAPEBAS, PARÁ, BRASIL

Objetivou-se avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos consumidores de produtos de origem animal a respeito do bem-estar dos animais de produção, na cidade de Parauapebas-Pará, Brasil. Foram aplicados questionários contendo dez questões relacionadas ao tema bem-estar animal, totalizando 342 entrevistados, escolhidos de forma aleatória, considerando-se quatro perguntas de cunho socioeconômico, cujos entrevistados foram organizados em seis níveis educacionais e cinco níveis de renda familiar. A pesquisa foi realizada em feiras, açougues, mini mercados e duas grandes redes de supermercados da cidade de Parauapebas, em bairros diferentes, para abranger público com níveis distintos de renda e que de estivessem, de preferência, consumindo ou adquirindo produtos de origem animal. Os dados coletados foram analisados por teste não paramétrico de significância a 5%. Percebeu-se que os consumidores com melhor nível de escolaridade e com renda mais elevada estão dispostos a pagar por um produto de melhor qualidade e durabilidade e acreditam que com o avanço do conhecimento em relação ao bem-estar os produtos certificados passaram a ser mais acessível a consumidores menos favorecidos.
Problems of Analyzing Socio-Political Content of Internet Resources Based on Neural Network Technologies

Ensuring information security requires identifying undesirable information content of Internet resources. Semantic and lexicological diversity of Internet content requires improvement of methods of neural network analysis of natural language texts (NLP). The problem is complicated by the presence of” information garbage”, which is a specific information noise that complicates the task of classifying texts. Well-known NLP technologies using artificial neural networks (ANN) include substantiation of the structure and construction of a subject-oriented database of text data bodies, frequency analysis and construction of dictionaries. To identify semantic content and latent threats, a dense vector representation of the analyzed texts in a multidimensional space (embedding) is justified. The authors substantiate a modified NLP approach to identifying sociocultural and cyber threats, contained in the information content of Internet resources. To justify and research the ANN architecture and hyperparameters focused on the socio-political content under study, the ANN family was built in Python 3. The ANN architecture included combinations of fully connected, convolutional, and/or recurrent layers. The number of neurons of the recognizing fully connected layer with the “softmax [[CHECK_DOUBLEQUOT_ENT]] activation function (or sigmoid in multiple classification) was taken by the number of classes marked in the text corpus.
Human settlement and landscape dynamics on the coastline south of the Gironde estuary (SW France): A multi-proxy approach

Abstract The Gironde estuary in SW France is the largest in Western Europe and has attracted human populations since prehistoric times. From the 1970s to the 1990s, intense archaeological research was undertaken on the long and highly dynamic coastline just south of the estuary mouth. In recent years, the combined action of increased coastal erosion and human pressure has proved a serious threat to the integrity of archaeological sites in the area. As a consequence, a whole array of previously unrecorded archaeological remains across the intertidal zone and coastal strip is being exposed. In this context, innovative interdisciplinary research since 2014 is yielding new information about the settlement and landscape dynamics and about the long-term interaction between human societies and the environment. The sedimentary context and the exceptional preservation conditions of organic remains have made possible a multi-proxy approach combining archaeological, geomorphological, palaeobiological, and archaeoentomological methods. In this paper we discuss the different approaches and the way they jointly contribute to the project. The results obtained so far from this multi-proxy approach challenge the traditional view of the historic occupation and the landscape dynamics around the Gironde estuary from prehistoric times to antiquity. They show that the intense occupation of this area during certain periods of human history is related to the development of marshy environments, which can now be analyzed at higher temporal resolution owing to this approach.
Validity and Reliability Evidence of Professional Obsolescence Scale According to Different Test Theories

This study aims to develop a scale that will determine the factors causing professional obsolescence in the field of education. In this context, the Professional Obsolescence Scale (POS) has been developed to determine the professional and organizational obsolescence of primary, secondary and high school administrators. In this scale development process, steps were followed in line with the suggestions of Crocker and Algina (2006) and Cronbach (1984). Firstly, 63 items were prepared and 991 school principals participated the study. R (version 4.0.1) software was used to analyze the data. Item and test parameters and information functions have been estimated using Samejima’s Graded Response Model based on Item Response Theory. Principal Axis Analysis was performed for the construct validity of the scale, and four-dimensions structure with 47 items has been obtained. These dimensions are named as “Being Open to Professional Development”, “Job-Ability Harmony in Profession”, “Organizational Support in Professional Development”, “Professional Burnout”. The scores obtained from each dimension are evaluated within themselves. It has been observed that each dimension fulfills the conditions of unidimensionality, local independence, model-data fit and parameter invariance. According to the Classical Test Theory, Cronbach Alpha coefficients are between 0.807 and 0.945. The Stratified Alpha coefficient calculated for the whole scale is 0.94. According to the Item Response Theory, the marginal reliability coefficients were between 0.857 and 0.936 and the empirical reliability coefficients were found between 0.854 and 0.938.
Low resilience at the early stages of recovery of the semi‐arid Chaco forest—Evidence from a field experiment

Resilience—the capacity of an ecosystem to recover from disturbance—is a popular concept but quantitative empirical studies are still uncommon. This lack of empirical evidence is especially true for semi‐arid ecosystems in the face of the combined and often confounding impacts of land use and climate changes. We designed a methodology to disentangle vegetation responses to land‐use exclusion and weather variability, and piloted it at the southern extreme of the Gran Chaco forest, the most extensive seasonally dry forest in South America. We established 16 pairs of neighbouring fenced and unfenced plots in four ecosystem types resulting from different long‐term land‐use regimes under the same climate and on highly similar soil parental material. From lower to higher land‐use intensity, related with logging and livestock grazing and trampling, these types were: primary forest (no land use in the last 50 years), secondary forest, closed species‐rich shrubland and open shrubland. In each plot we monitored plant species composition during the first 5 years following land‐use exclusion, and evaluated the resilience as the rate of change of vegetation towards the primary forest, considered as the reference ecosystem. We found that during the first 5 years of exclusion and despite the high rainfall, only grass cover in the secondary forest showed positive resilience (recovery towards the reference ecosystem). The rest of the variables in the other ecosystem types showed either no significant change (null resilience) or even transitioned away from the reference state (negative resilience). Synthesis. The lack of detectable recovery after 5 years of exclusion suggests that (a) long‐term land use, even at lower intensities, has affected the sources of resilience of this ecosystem; (b) rainy periods do not necessarily speed up recovery as suggested in the literature; and (c) study designs should incorporate the variation of the reference ecosystem in order to differentiate the effect of land use from other factors in a context of climate change. Although still confined to the early post‐disturbance stages, our findings suggest that recovery of these systems may be slower and more complicated than predicted in the literature on the basis of space‐for‐time substitutions.
Reduced-Order Modelling Applied to the Multigroup Neutron Diffusion Equation Using a Nonlinear Interpolation Method for Control-Rod Movement

Producing high-fidelity real-time simulations of neutron diffusion in a reactor is computationally extremely challenging, due, in part, to multiscale behaviour in energy and space. In many scientific fields, including nuclear modelling, the application of reduced-order modelling can lead to much faster computation times without much loss of accuracy, paving the way for real-time simulation as well as multi-query problems such as uncertainty quantification and data assimilation. This paper compares two reduced-order models that are applied to model the movement of control rods in a fuel assembly for a given temperature profile. The first is a standard approach using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to generate global basis functions, and the second, a new method, uses POD but produces global basis functions that are local in the parameter space (associated with the control-rod height). To approximate the eigenvalue problem in reduced space, a novel, nonlinear interpolation is proposed for modelling dependence on the control-rod height. This is seen to improve the accuracy in the predictions of both methods for unseen parameter values by two orders of magnitude for keff and by one order of magnitude for the scalar flux.
A Self-Gating RF Energy Harvester for Wireless Power Transfer With High-PAPR Incident Waveform

In this article, we propose a self-gating radio frequency (RF) energy harvester (RFEH) for reaching a high-power harvesting efficiency (PHE) at a low incident RF power level with a high peak-to-average power ratio (high-PAPR) waveform. It includes a power switch between a cross-coupled rectifier and its supplied load to cut off the reverse leakage current in between the short power bursts. The power switch is dynamically controlled based on an indication of the ability of the RFEH to effectively charge the load at the instantaneous incident power level. This is achieved by comparing the load voltage with the open-circuit voltage of a replica rectifier. A comparator with optional proteresis (reversed hysteresis) is proposed for compensating its logic delay at the start and at the end of the short RF power bursts. As a result, the power switch is accurately turned on only during the power bursts. The self-gating RFEH was prototyped for 2.45-GHz wireless power transfer (WPT). It includes a cross-coupled rectifier with the proposed self-gating circuit fabricated in a 65-nm process, a discrete balun, a parasitic-aware-sized $\pi $ matching network, and an off-the-shelf power management unit (PMU) with maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Measurement results show sensitivity as low as −26.7 dBm with a peak PHE of 32.3% at −14.1-dBm incident power. Compared with the state-of-the-art works, the proposed design significantly improves the RFEH performance at the target low average incident power.