Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of diagnostic ultrasound imaging for patients with known prostate cancer within an active surveillance pathway: A systematic review

Background The use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) within active surveillance of prostate cancer programmes is identified by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE guideline NG 131 2019) as having a role for monitoring disease. The widespread demands on mpMRI capacity may limit its use in surveillance. It is therefore timely to review the options that modern ultrasound imaging present to this cohort of patients in the monitoring of prostate cancer. Methods Between April and September 2020, 10 databases were searched to recruit studies for the review. Three reviewers evaluated the publications for inclusion. Characteristics including the inclusion criteria for the study cohort, how disease was determined, identification of disease progression, and the modality and mode of imaging used were reviewed. Given the paucity of full text articles, a meta-analysis was not possible. A narrative review was undertaken. Results In total, 12 studies, utilising the range of ultrasound parameters of B-mode, micro-ultrasound, colour Doppler, contrast ultrasound and elastography were included. The review demonstrated that micro-ultrasound offers promise as an imaging tool comparable with mpMRI. However, this is an emerging technology with limited availability. Analysis of the data further demonstrated that by combining the diagnostic features provided by multiple modes reviewed, ultrasound has a role in the diagnostic imaging of patients on active surveillance. Conclusion Providing a multiparametric approach is utilised, stable ultrasound findings may allow for increased intervals between biopsy for men on surveillance. The advent of micro-US offers promise as an imaging modality within an active surveillance pathway but requires further verification.
Avifauna and biogeographical affinities of a carrasco-dominated landscape in north-eastern Brazil: providing baseline data for future monitoring

Summary The carrasco is a dense, shrubby vegetation type that covers the higher parts of table-top mountains in north-eastern Brazil. The vegetation of this phytophysiognomy is often considered to have biogeographical and ecological affinities with the cerrado of Central Brazil, but the biogeographical affinities of its avifauna remain unclear. In recent years, deforestation due to local economic activities has been particularly severe in some carrasco-dominated landscapes. In 2013, we initiated avian surveys at the Fazenda Pau D‘Arco, a privately owned property located on top of the Araripe Plateau, to evaluate the effects of a legal forest management program on the avifauna. Here, we present the results of four years of avian inventories to: i) characterize a well-preserved patch of carrasco vegetation; ii) assess avian biogeographical affinities of this vegetation type; iii) identify associations between managed/unmanaged areas and bird species; and iv) provide baseline data for future avian monitoring studies. Using different survey methods, we provide a list of 148 bird species, including several dry-forest specialists and caatinga endemics. Biogeographically, the avifauna of the carrasco represents a subsample of the Caatinga dry forest, lacking cerrado elements. Forest management significantly affected the distribution of several bird species in the study area. We found that 1/5 of the species (24) recorded during our standardized surveys were significantly associated with either unmanaged (14 species) or managed (10 species) areas. Species such as the Ceará Leaftosser Sclerurus cearensis, a globally vulnerable species, have only been detected in non-managed areas and therefore can be negatively affected by the management program. We also present data on 16 avian taxa with ecological and conservation concerns. By presenting a fairly complete and documented list of the avifauna, we characterize the carrasco avifauna and offer the tools to evaluate the effects of forest management on this poorly known vegetation type.
Effect of Residual Silver on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Dealloyed Nanoporous Gold

Nanoporous gold films containing various amounts of residual silver have been synthesized by controllable dealloying and subsequent annealing for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). It was found that the residual Ag plays an important role in the SERS effect of dealloyed nanoporous gold. More residual Ag gives rise to better SERS effects when nanopore sizes are nearly identical. Moreover, homogenization of the residual silver by annealing can further improve the SERS enhancement of nanoporous Au–Ag alloys.
Developmental studies on certain aspects of enzymic processing of banana (Musa cavendishii). 1. Laboratory investigations.

Conditions for enzymic processing of cavendish banana (Musa cavendishii) using pectinase (0.5-2.0%) were investigated. Fruit with brown spots on the skin was found to have optimum degree of ripeness, was peeled and the pulp was agitated for 1 h after addition of 0.75-1.0% of pectinase (v/w of pulp). This resulted in max. extraction of juice (90%). Preheating of pulp (70 degree C) and addition of potassium metabisulphite (5 g/4.8 kg of pulp) improved the final quality of fruit juice.
Experimental Measurement and Modeling of the Solubility of Methane in Methanol and Ethanol

Knowledge of hydrate inhibitor distribution is essential for the economic operation of gas transportation and processing. A number of measurements were made to determine the solubility of methane, the main constituent in natural gas, in methanol and ethanol. Methanol and ethanol are two of the most commonly used gas hydrate inhibitors in the petroleum industry. The solubility data are essential in developing binary interaction parameters used in predicting inhibitor distribution in multicomponent systems. The solubility of methane in methanol at 273.15 K and 1.1–47 MPa and methane in ethanol at five different isotherms between 238.15 and 298.15 K and 0.3–41.7 MPa was measured. The results showed an average repeatability of 2.5% between the measured points. The results from the ethanol solubility measurements were used to optimize the interaction parameters of the CPA-SRK72 equation of state. The experimental data generated in this work are compared to literature data and to the calculations through the th.
How is the influence of hotel internship service quality a measurable factor in student interns’ behavioral intentions? Mediating Role of Interns’ Satisfaction

ABSTRACT The study aims to delineate the factors affecting the behavioral intentions of hotel interns of the reputed Institute of Hotel Management (IHMs). Also, the study intends to identify the association between future career intentions and word of mouth taking students’ satisfaction during the internship as a mediating factor into consideration. To achieve this, a descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted and data were collected from 140 Indian students recently finished their hotel internship. The proposed claims were tested through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings claim no direct influence of service quality of the internship on the career intentions of the hotel interns. However, hotel internship service quality has an adverse impact on the word of mouth of interns. Further, the satisfaction of interns mediates positively between these two variables, thereby negating the direct adverse effect and depicting competitive mediation. The results may facilitate both hotels and IHMs to design and schedule an effective internship program to bridge the gap between the expected and available skilled manpower for the hotels.
Analysis and optimization for hardware implementation of sine/cosine with faithful rounding and monotonicity through piecewise quadratic polynomial

Piecewise quadratic polynomial approximation is a well-established hardware function evaluation technique. In this paper, we demonstrate the analysis and optimization of hardware implementation of sineandcosinethroughpiecewisequadraticpolynomialforsingle-precision ﬂoating-pointoperations.First,detailedapproximationerroranalysiswasusedtorapidlyobtainthenon-uniformsegmentationandguaranteefaithful rounding.Second,theoreticalanalysisdemonstratesthatthemonotonicityofthealgorithmusingsegmentationisconsistentwiththeoriginalsine andcosinefunction.Moreover,thebit-widthisoptimizedforthesineand cosine ﬂoating-point arithmetic units based on static analysis and dynamic monitoring to reduce the hardware cost. Experimental results show that the implementation for sine and cosine functions meets the requirements of faithful rounding and monotonicity with reasonable hardware cost.
A Model for Developing of Surveillance, Prevention and Control the COVID-19 and Protection of People's Rights in a New Normal Way by a Virtual Community of Primary Health Care Service Network, Mahasarakham Province, Thailand

Epidemic disease is extremely dangerous for humanity; coronavirus 2019 is another epidemic that has caused great damage to the nation. Every country tries to prevent, treat and resolve to overcome an epidemic situation like this. Therefore, this study aims to (1) Study the success elements of surveillance, prevention, and control of COVID-19 systems and protect citizens' rights in a new normal, (2) Analyze conditional factors that influence the success of surveillance, prevention, and control of COVID-19 and protection of citizens' rights. Ans (3) Developing a model for the development of surveillance, prevention, and control of COVID-19 and protect the rights of people in a new way by the virtual community of primary health service networks. This research method was Mixed Methods Research which was held at Mahasarakham Province, Thailand, and was divided into 3 phases; The first: Application of the Future Search Conference (FSC) technique to study the surveillance, prevention, and control of COVID-19 and protect the rights of people at the provincial, district, and sub-district levels, divided into 2 groups as follows (1) 60 the coach lecturer, and (2) 690 virtual community members in the provincial area,The content is then analyzed for theoretical conclusions.
The creation and resolution of discrepancies between preferred and actual working hours over the life course

ABSTRACT This article contributes to the analysis of working hour discrepancies, i.e., under- and overemployment, by exploring how they emerge and resolve with special consideration of the household context. It uses a rich longitudinal data set, the German Socio-economic Panel, for a discrete duration analysis controlling for unobserved heterogeneity. We focus on the most relevant household and job characteristics. Findings suggest that job autonomy plays a crucial role in the creation and resolution of discrepancies. We especially contribute to previous studies by also examining path dependence and find that both the creation and resolution of discrepancies are characterized by positive duration dependence but by negative occurrence dependence.
Simple Graphene Synthesis via Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Graphene’s unique combination of exceptional mechanical, electronic, and thermal properties makes this material a promising candidate to enable next-generation technologies in a wide range of fields, including electronics, energy, and medicine. However, educational activities involving graphene have been limited due to the high expense and complexity associated with fabricating and characterizing graphene. Here, we demonstrate an economical, safe, and simple technique to synthesize multilayer graphene films via chemical vapor deposition in 30–45 min in a classroom setting. Raman spectroscopy indicates that the graphene is of high quality, scanning electron microscopy shows that the films are continuous over large areas, and oxidation studies demonstrate graphene’s high impermeability. The films are also transferred to insulating, optically transparent substrates, which enables measurement of the high electrical conductivity of graphene and direct visualization of several layers of atoms. This graphene syn.
Rf-Sputtered Teflon®-Modified Superhydrophobic Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide Coating on Aluminum Alloy for Icephobic Applications

Icing on surfaces such as cables or high-voltage insulators may often lead to severe safety issues such as power outages in cold winter conditions. Conventional methods used to tackle such icing problems include mechanical deicing, where the ice is scraped or broken, and chemical deicing, where deicers such as ethylene glycol are used. However, the best approach to addressing these issues is to prevent ice formation in the first place. Research in the past few decades have shown hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces to be effective in reducing ice adhesion. We used the concept of water repellency to turn an aluminum surface superhydrophobic to minimize ice adhesion on these surfaces. However, to render these surfaces also applicable to insulating surfaces, we also demonstrated the adaptability of the concept on a low dielectric oxide, TiO2, to an aluminum surface with icephobic properties. This work demonstrates the importance of the coexistence of rough nanostructures as well as low-surface-energy compositions on a surface to make it superhydrophobic and icephobic and is applicable on metals and insulating surfaces.
Predator management for breeding waders: a review of current evidence and priority knowledge gaps

Rapid declines in breeding wader populations across the world have prompted the development of a series of conservation tools, many of which are designed to influence productivity. Across western Europe, efforts to reverse population declines are typically limited by high levels of nest and chick predation and, managing this predator impact has been a major research focus in the last two decades. A workshop held at the 2019 International Wader Study Group conference aimed to synthesise current understanding of predator management tools and to use expert knowledge to identify and prioritise important knowledge gaps in this area. Here we review the four predator management tools that were described (predator diversion, exclusion, lethal control and headstarting), together with insights into the potential responses of mammalian predators to these management tools. The expert assessment of important areas for future work highlighted the need to increase our knowledge of predators and their responses to management interventions; to ensure our science connects to policy, practitioners and members of the public; and the need for clear and consistent goals for the future of breeding wader populations to inform the development and deployment of these management tools.
An extremely fast adaptive high-performance filter to remove salt and pepper noise using overlapping medians in images

A new fast adaptive high-performance filter (FAHPF) has been proposed to remove salt-and-pepper noise in images. ‘Maximize the speed without compromising denoising performance’ is the fundamental intention to build up the FAHPF algorithm. Among diverse phases of filtering employed in the FAHPF, overlapping medians (OM) is our newly proposed frame-based filtering concept which is the basis for speed of FAHPF and running averages embedded with OM is an idea behind excellent denoising performance of FAHPF at the same pace. Simulation experiments have been conducted and denoising results of FAHPF has been investigated against very recently developed filtering methods. It is proved that the FAHPF excellently outperforms many of state-of-the-art filters considered for comparison, in terms of peak signal to noise ratio, structural similarity index, and visual representation and requires the extremely shortest execution time among all, which could make it as a real time filter.
Collagen XVII and pathomechanisms of junctional epidermolysis bullosa and gestational pemphigoid

Transmembrane collagen XVII (BP180) is a structural component of hemidesmosomes that connects the two layers of skin. Collagen XVII is associated with both autoimmune and inherited bullous skin diseases. Mutations in collagen XVII gene cause junctional epidermolysis bullosa, and in the diseases of the pemphigoid group autoantibodies target collagen XVII. In this work, collagen XVII was studied in both junctional epidermolysis bullosa and gestational pemphigoid. Two novel glycine substitution mutations were found in the largest collagenous domain of collagen XVII. Analysis of recombinantly produced mutated proteins showed that these novel mutations and previously described glycine substitution mutations decrease the thermal stability of collagen XVII ectodomain. In addition, these mutations were found to cause intracellular accumulation of the mutated proteins and affect the post-translational modifications of collagen XVII. Meanwhile, an in-frame deletion of nine amino acids had no effect on the thermal stability or secretion of the collagen XVII ectodomain. Gestational pemphigoid autoantigen collagen XVII has been mainly studied in the skin, and its expression and function during pregnancy are so far largely unknown. For the first time, collagen XVII was shown to be expressed by cytotrophoblasts of the first trimester human placenta and by cultured cytotrophoblasts. Transmigration assay of cytotrophoblasts indicated that collagen XVII promotes trophoblast invasion, and may thus have a role in placental formation. In addition, significant amounts of in vivo produced collagen XVII were found in the amniotic fluid throughout pregnancy. Collagen XVII expression was also observed in hemidesmosomes of amniotic membranes and in cells cultured from amniotic fluid. These findings suggest that collagen XVII could have a function, albeit so far unknown, during pregnancy.
Securing Insecure Livelihoods Through Group Synergies: The Case of Violent Namatala Transboundary Wetlandin Rural Eastern Uganda

This article uses evidence from Namatala wetland in Eastern Uganda to examine the livelihood insecurity associated with wetland conflicts and highlights the implications of group synergies in securing the related insecurities affecting access and use of the violent wetlands and livelihoods. Adopting a qualitative approach, data was generated using eight focus group discussions and 12 key informant interviews in Namatala conflict area, in Eastern Uganda. The findings reveal that the unpredictable brutal conflict actions in Namatala wetland compelled people to construct groups as informal mechanisms of navigating the insecure environments to secure livelihoods. The groups acted as a pool of labour, a means of maintaining employment, buffers against attack, financial safety valves and sources of predictive information gathering and sharing. Invoking the theory of practice, the article demonstrates that people experiencing conflicts make sense of their violent environments and devise informal group synergies as adaptive mechanisms of securing and sustaining their livelihoods.
DIVERSITY OF GRACILARIACEAE (RHODOPHYTA) IN BRAZIL: INTEGRATING MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR DATA

The Gracilariaceae comprises 242 mainly tropical species, including some with significant economic value for the food and pharmaceutical industry. Accurate taxonomy is crucial for the selection of species for cultivation. However, species identification is still challenging taxonomists. Nineteen species of Gracilariaceae have so far been referred to the Brazilian coast. We describe this diversity across approximately 32 degrees of latitude, using mitochondrial (COI-5P) and plastid (UPA and rbcL) markers in species delimitation analyses (ABGD and SPN). We provide phylogenetic (based on a concatenated three-genes tree and a taxa rich rbcL tree) and barcoding analyses from a broad and partially original collection combined with morphoanatomical data, including information resulting from analyses of type specimens and topotype material. We identified twenty-five specific entities occurring on the Brazilian coast, including four new species yet to be described. Spermatangial arrangements and aspects of thallus morphology were the most useful characters for species and genera delimitation, while characters based on the anatomy of the cystocarp overlap. Our morphological analyses demonstrate the lack of exclusive characters that justify the recently proposed Gracilariaceae infrafamilial categories, and therefore we use in this work the Gracilaria sensu lato genus concept. We provide descriptions, illustrations and a dichotomous key for the identification of species occurring in Brazil.
Effect of Preeclampsia on Ultrastructure of Thyroid Gland, Hepatic Type 1 Iodothyronine Deiodinase, and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Rats

Background Although hypothyroidism during pregnancy may develop grave outcomes for both mothers and offspring, management of which is still a challenge due to the insufficient understanding of this disease. The close correlation between hypothyroidism and preeclampsia is well documented, suggesting that preeclampsia is a potential risk factor for the development of maternal hypothyroidism. However, the exact role of preeclampsia in gestational hypothyroidism is still obscure. Objective In this study, we explored the possible mechanisms of the effect of preeclampsia on thyroid function of maternal rats. Methods Thirty pregnant rats were randomly divided into normal pregnancy control (NOP), preeclampsia (PE), and preeclampsia supplemented with amlodipine besylate (PEAml). NG-Nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester was used to induce preeclamptic symptoms. On gestational day 21, rats were sacrificed, and then, the ultrastructure of the thyroid gland, type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio1) expression, and serum-free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulation hormones (TSH) were assessed. Results Compared to NOP rats, results of PE rats showed that thyroid follicular cells' ultrastructure was damaged; both hepatic Dio1 mRNA and protein levels were decreased. Interestingly, these changes were ameliorated in PEAml rats. Additionally, FT4, FT3, and TSH levels have no significant differences among groups. Conclusion These findings indicated that preeclampsia could disrupt synthesis, secretion, and metabolism function of thyroid hormones by damaging thyroid follicular cells and interfering Dio1 expression.
Emotion Categorization from Faces of People with Sunglasses and Facemasks

Emotional information is considered to convey much meaning in communication. Hence, artificial emotion categorization methods are being developed to meet the increasing demand to introduce intelligent systems, such as robots, into shared workspaces. Deep learning algorithms have demonstrated limited competency in categorizing images from posed datasets with the main features of the face being visible. However, the use of sunglasses and facemasks is common in our daily lives, especially with the outbreak of communicable diseases such as the recent coronavirus. Anecdotally, partial coverings of the face reduces the effectiveness of human communication, so would this have hampering effects on computer vision, and if so, would the different emotion categories be affected equally? Here, we use a modern deep learning algorithm (i.e. VGG19) to categorize emotion from faces of people obscured with simulated sunglasses and facemasks. We found that face coverings obscure emotion categorization by up to 74%, whereby emotion categories are affected differently by different coverings, e.g. clear mouth coverings have little effect in categorizing happiness, but sadness is affected badly. While an overall accuracy of up to 97% has been achieved with nothing added to the face, the achieved accuracy decreases in all other cases when the face is obscured. Notably, clear visors have only a small effect across all emotions, where the classifier achieved an accuracy of up to 89.0% compared to other types of facemasks in which the achieved accuracy is less than 36%.