Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of speech function and maxillary growth in cleft palate patients

There are variations in methodology of palate repair in many cleft centres in the world. The aim of this systematic review is to describe speech function and maxillary growth outcome from various methodology of palate repair in cleft palate patients. Methods:Literature search was conducted in the electronic database Pubmed/Medline. The literature inclusion criteria were English written, and keywords were verified in MeSH. Boolean “AND” was used to specify the search. The keywords used in this study were speech, maxillary, growth, cleft, and palate. Ninety two papers were filtered from Pubmed, only twenty sixpapers fit the inclusions criteria. Twelve papers discussed the speech function and maxillary growth, 7 papers only discussed the speech function and 7 papers only discussed the maxillary growth. There are variations in technique, stages, and timingof palate repair in many cleft centres. The results revealed that early closure of the soft palate is favorable for speech function, whereas early closure of the hard palate can interfere the maxillary growth. Findings from this review conclude that in most cleft centres worldwide, a one-stage palate repair is preferable than the two-stage procedure. Further studies should be conducted to explore potential benefits of the two-stage palate repair in improving speech function and maxilary growth. Review (J Int Dent Med Res 2016; 9: (Special Issue), pp. 420-426)
The Power of Low Frequencies: Faraday Tomography in the sub-GHz regime

Faraday tomography, the study of the distribution of extended polarized emission by strength of Faraday rotation, is a powerful tool for studying magnetic fields in the interstellar medium of our Galaxy and nearby galaxies. The strong frequency dependence of Faraday rotation results in very different observational strengths and limitations for different frequency regimes. I discuss the role these effects take in Faraday tomography below 1 GHz, emphasizing the 100-200 MHz band observed by the Low Frequency Array and the Murchison Widefield Array. With that theoretical context, I review recent Faraday tomography results in this frequency regime, and discuss expectations for future observations.
Parametric Daylight Envelope

With the increased sophistication of digital tools for assessing daylight and energy in buildings, a great potential exists for optimizing the performance of contemporary building façades. A holistic approach can promote both visually and thermally comfortable spaces, reduce glare and lead to buildings that consume less energy. This is pivotal in addressing environmental awareness and tackling climate change while achieving high user satisfaction. This paper presents a study of an optimised facade commonly found in service buildings. Four types of building envelopes are simulated in terms of climate-based metrics, glare and energy consumption. The first two types have 40% window-to-wall ratio (WWR), with one of them having a light shelf. The third and fourth are 100% WWR with one of them having a parametrically driven fixed screen. This study aims to find an optimum solution in terms of daylight and energy use for cooling, heating and artificial lighting for the climate conditions of London, UK by using an integrated daylight and thermal simulation approach.
Analyzing Toxicity in Online Gaming Communities

The video game culture resulting from the massive consumption of games has built various gaming communities online. The controversies in these groups, especially, the infamous Gamergate controversy indicates that sexist behaviour is prevalent in this circle. The social dynamics of these communities are closely examined in this research. In particular, posts from Twitter and Reddit are analysed to determine the racism, sexism, and political affiliation persisting in these groups. Twitter and Reddit posts related to 13 popular games which have been discussed below are analysed to find answers to the research question. NLP tools such as Bag of Words, Sentiment Analysis, and Word Embeddings are applied to analyse the posts. A formula is developed based on these tools to determine the extent of racism, sexism, and Trump-hate associated with each of the gaming communities. The results help in capturing and evaluating the emotional and linguistic properties of the conversational language that these communities engage in.
Draft GRACIOUS framework for grouping and read-across of nanomaterials for regulatory risk assessment and safe-by-design For circulation

5 INVITATION . 5 INTRODUCTION . 6 1.1 The potential use and application of grouping for NMs/NFs . 7 1.2 Aim of the framework . 8 1.3 Framework overview . 8 1.4 How to read this document? 9 STATE OF THE ART . 10 2.1 Terminology. 10 2.2 Existing grouping approaches for NMs and/or NFs . 12 OUTLINE DRAFT FRAMEWORK . 15 3.1 Starting point of the draft framework structure . 15 3.2 Outline of the draft framework . 16 3.3 Using the framework for Safe-by-Design in the different Stage-Gates . 19 3.4 General considerations on grouping and read-across . 20 ELABORATION ON SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE FRAMEWORK . 21 4.1 Input to the framework . 21 4.2 Framework Level 1a: Basic information . 21 4.2.1 Basic physicochemical information . 22 4.2.2 Intended use (including physical form), relevant exposure route(s) and/or environmental compartment(s) . 22 4.3 Framework Level 1b: Check if hypotheses with clear implications apply . 23 4.4 Framework Level 1c: Generate basic hypothesis . 24 4.4.1 ‘What they are’-IATA . 26 4.5 Assess information . 29 4.6 Framework Level 2: Generate refined hypothesis . 29 4.7 Level 3: Further refine hypothesis in view of purpose/context (in vivo) . 31 4.8 Grouping sufficiently substantiated for purpose? 32
Relationships among Leader Effectiveness, Learning Orientation, Effective Communication, Team Creativity and Service Innovation in the Service Sector

If the companies in the service sector do not express themselves correctly and do not provide the required service, they fall behind in the competition race and have to leave the sector. Thus, the effect of leadership within senior managers on employees is reflected in organisation performance, which gain more importance every day. The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationships between the variables of leader effectiveness, learning orientation and effective communication, and team creativity and service innovation. As a result of our analyses, it was determined that leadership effectiveness and learning orientation have a positive impact on effective communication, team creativity, and service innovation. This indicates that if an organisation has effective leadership and learning orientation, it positively contributes to effective communication, team creativity, and service innovation in the service sector. 348 questionnaires collected from white-collar employees were used for evaluation; factor and reliability analysis were conducted on the Likert scale questions; correlation analysis was carried out to examine the relationships between variables; regression analysis was performed to test the hypotheses.
Digitalization of Small Retail Stores - Challenges in Digital Payments

The traditional business model of small retail convenience stores in India is increasingly under threat due to the entry of large supermarket chains and online retailers. This study, using a qualitative methodology and the Technology-Organization-Environment framework as the theoretical basis, investigated the digitalization of small retail stores. Our study found low levels of adoption of digital technologies for managing supply-side and customer-side processes and a heavy dependence on cash and credit-based low value transactions. Inefficient processes, poor physical infrastructure, inadequate access to and poor reliability of digital technologies, and the costs are limiting the digitalization by small retail stores. Expressed ambiguity and inherent contradictions regarding the benefits of transparency, perceived sense of control, tax implications and mistrust in the external regulations in digital context denote the small retailers’ incapacity to comprehend the changes and resources required to meet the challenges.
1 A Framework for Improving the Interpersonal 2 Relationship of the Elderly with Mild Cognitive 3 Impairment by Using Speaker Recognition and Social 4 Network Platforms 5

This study aims to develop an elderly care system for improving the interpersonal relationship of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by employing the speaker recognition technique and association functionality of social network platforms. Firstly, the speaker recognition units based on the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Gaussian Mixture Model-Universal Background Model (GMM-UBM) are implemented to identify the visitor via individual input utterance. After the visitor is identified, the proposed system will be linked to the private database and social network platforms to extract the associated message of two parties. Experimental results indicate that the speaker recognition unit based on GMM-UBM achieves the best performance. Finally, five elderly persons are invited to measure the usability of the proposed system. A questionnaire is used to survey the five elderly persons, and the result indicates that the proposed system is highly potentially applicable in improving the interpersonal relationship of the elderly with MCI.
Pedestrian and Bicyclist Level of Service on Roadway Segments

The Danish Road Directorate sponsored a study to develop methods for objectively quantifying pedestrian and bicyclist stated satisfaction with road sections between intersections. The results provide a measure of how well urban and rural roads accommodate pedestrian and bicycle travel. To determine how existing traffic operations, geometric conditions, and other variables affect pedestrians' and bicyclists' satisfaction, 407 randomly selected Danes were shown video clips from 56 roadway segments filmed by a pedestrian walking and a bicyclist riding along the road. Respondents rated the roadway segments on a six-point scale ranging from very dissatisfied to very satisfied. This resulted in 7,724 pedestrian ratings and 7,596 bicyclist ratings. Roadway segments and video clips were described by 150 variables. Pedestrian and bicyclist satisfaction models were developed by cumulative logit regression of the ratings and the variables. The models included variables that related significantly (p ≤ .05) to the satisfaction ratings. Variables that significantly influenced the level of satisfaction were motorized traffic volume and speed; urban land uses; rural landscapes; the types and widths of pedestrian and bicycle facilities; the numbers and widths of the drive lanes; the volumes of pedestrians, bicyclists, and parked cars; and the presence of median, trees, and bus stops. The models returned the percentage splits of the six levels of satisfaction. These splits were then transformed into a level of service. The models provide traffic planners and others the ability to rate roadways according to pedestrians' and bicyclists' satisfaction and may be used in the process of evaluating existing roads, designing new roads, or redesigning existing roads.
A Mixed GA and Tree-Gradient Method for Optimization of Distributed Generation

Becau se of use of alternative energy sources, the number of small production plants connected to a distribution system tends to increase continuously, especially solar energy based on photovoltaic cells. It happens due to excess of energy production in homes, condos, trades or industries with own generation sources. The present work aims to develop a methodology to locate and size power generation units in distribution feeders so that system losses become minimal. The methodology uses initially the tree-gradient method to determine the total amount of power that must be injected at each network node, in order to minimize active losses. Then, a discretization process is adopted in order to allocate the whole optimal generation to a restricted subset of nodes that will be responsible for active generation. The methodology is complemented with a post-optimization algorithm that combines clustering, tree- gradient method and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to determine the best node(s) and the respective power(s) to be injected so that losses are minimal. The main result is the set of nodes where groups of consumers with own generation should be connected. Key w ords Tree-grad ients; Genetic Algorithms; Distributed Generation.
A community-based management model for the implementation sustainable development in rural areas of Iran

Community-based management is basically the involvement of the beneficiary communities in the management of sustainable rural development facilities. Community based management will become the pivotal instruments responsible for managing community development, which include the assessment of community/demands as well as the potential planning and implementing development programs. In this study, survey and descriptive-correlation research methods, were used to design the pattern of community-based management and its application for sustainable rural development process in Iran rural areas. Study population consisted of 270, local community (rural councils), offices experts in rural related office activities and, Agricultural and Natural Resources Engineering Organization - NGO members. Conclusions of structural equation modeling of the accepted characteristics indicated that latent variable such as “Stakeholder’s Role” and “Affecting Factors” have positive effect and “Obstacles” latent variable has a negative role to design CBM. A structural equation indicate that these variables altogether account for 93% of variance (R2 = 0.93) in designing community-based management. Overall community-based management will have more impotent role in rural developments process planning, organizing, staffing, controlling and directing. Key words: Community-based management, sustainable rural development, stakeholders, affecting factors, obstacles, structural equation modeling.
Integral Field Spectroscopy of the Low-mass Companion HD 984 B with the Gemini Planet Imager

We present new observations of the low-mass companion to HD 984 taken with the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) as a part of the GPI Exoplanet Survey campaign. Images of HD 984 B were obtained in the J (1.12–1.3 μm) and H (1.50–1.80 μm) bands. Combined with archival epochs from 2012 and 2014, we fit the first orbit to the companion to find an 18 au (70-year) orbit with a 68% confidence interval between 14 and 28 au, an eccentricity of 0.18 with a 68% confidence interval between 0.05 and 0.47, and an inclination of 119° with a 68% confidence interval between 114° and 125°. To address the considerable spectral covariance in both spectra, we present a method of splitting the spectra into low and high frequencies to analyze the spectral structure at different spatial frequencies with the proper spectral noise correlation. Using the split spectra, we compare them to known spectral types using field brown dwarf and low-mass star spectra and find a best-fit match of a field gravity M6.5 ± 1.5 spectral type with a corresponding temperature of K. Photometry of the companion yields a luminosity of / dex with DUSTY models. Mass estimates, again from DUSTY models, find an age-dependent mass of 34 ± 1 to 95 ± 4 MJup. These results are consistent with previous measurements of the object.
Modelling Crude Oil Price Volatility and the Effects of Global Financial Crisis

In recent years and global financial crisis period, oil prices are characterized by high volatilities. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the comparative performance of volatility models and to reveal the effects of global financial crisis on volatility by using daily returns of crude oil prices. According to the sample periods, the results of models highlight that oil prices are best fit by APGARCH and FIAPGARCH models with Student-t and Skewed Student-t distributions. Furthermore, when considering the global financial crisis, the results show that the crude oil prices are characterized by high volatilities and have long memory effects, as expected.
Asymptotic giant branch stars in the Leo I dwarf spheroidal galaxy

26 asymptotic giant branch (AGB) variables are identified in the Local Group galaxy Leo I. These include seven Mira and five semiregular variables for which periods, amplitudes and mean magnitudes are determined. The large range of periods for the Miras, 158 < P < 523 d, suggests an AGB spanning a significant age range. The youngest must be around 1.6 Gyr while the oldest could be 10 Gyr or more. Two of these old Miras are found in the outer regions of Leo I (over 490 arcsec from the centre) where stars on the extended AGB are rare. They could provide an interesting test of third dredge-up and mass-loss in old stars with low metallicity, and are worth further detailed investigation. At least two stars, one a Mira and the other an irregular variable, are undergoing obscuration events due to dust ejection. An application of the Mira period–luminosity relation to these stars yields a distance modulus for Leo I of (m−M)0= 21.80 ± 0.11 mag (internal), ± 0.12 (total) (on a scale that puts the Large Magellanic Cloud at 18.39 mag) in good agreement with other determinations.
Expression of PGP 9 . 5 on Langerhans ' Cells and Their Precursors

Langerhans' cells are epidermal dendritic cells, derived from blood precursors. Their main function is antigen presentation to T-cells. They are able to express neuronal proteins, such as neuron-speci®c enolase or substance P-receptor. They are closely associated with nerve ®bres. PGP9.5 is the most speci®c neuronal protein in the epidermis. Epidermal Langerhans' cells can express PGP9.5 if denervated. Using ̄ow cytometry, we found that cultured CD34z precursors did not express PGP9.5, whereas suspensions of fresh or cultured Langerhans' cells could express this neuronal protein. Precursors of Langerhans' cells are not able to express PGP9.5, suggesting that they are not mature enough or that the capacity to express PGP9.5 may be acquired only in the epidermis. The function of PGP9.5 on Langerhans' cells and mature dendritic cells remains unknown. PGP9.5 might be related to dendritic cell maturation or to the lack of contacts with nerve endings.
Wear Behavior Investigations of Journal Bearing of an I.C. Engine Small End Connecting Rod for Brass, Gunmetal & Cast Nylon

In this study the wear behavior of brass, gun met al and Cast Nylon based Bushing bearing in wet conditions at a speed of 900 rpm . The wear test of these bearing was performed in new wear testing machine. The wear test were carried out under different loads li ke 10N, 20N, 30N and fixed speed of the motor at 900 rpm. The Lubricant used for the test is SAE#) and it is used for all test. The wear characteristics were determ ined with respect to load, shaft speed and time. The main objective o f the study is to evaluate the wear rate of differe nt journal bearings at different loading conditions. The main objective of this experimental study was to checked and compares conventional bearing materials with respect to new bearing material name Cast Nylon. It was found that because of co-efficient of friction, the power loss due to fri ction was five times in Brass and 2.5 Times in Gun Metal compare to Cast Nylon, comparing at the same speed, load an d lubricant. Even density of the Brass and Gun Meta l is approximately seven times heavier than the Cast Nyl on. Therefore, we can replace conventional bearing made either from the Brass or Gunmetal by the new material name Cast Nylon and improve the performance of the engi ne bearing by way of reducing power loss and less indu ced temperature due to lower value of co-efficient of friction.
Plots of P-values to evaluate many tests simultaneously

SUMMARY When a large number of tests are made, possibly on the same data, it is proposed to base a simultaneous evaluation of all the tests on a plot of cumulative P-values using the observed significance probabilities. The points corresponding to true null hypotheses should form a straight line, while those for false null hypotheses should deviate from this line. The line may be used to estimate the number of true hypotheses. The properties of the method are studied in some detail for the problems of comparing all pairs of means in a one-way layout, testing all correlation coefficients in a large correlation matrix, and the evaluation of all 2 x 2 subtables in a contingency table. The plot is illustrated on real data.
Generation of Hyperchaos from the Lü System with a Sinusoidal Perturbation

This paper introduces a hyperchaotic system from the Lu system with a sinusoidal perturbation. This hyperchaotic system has more complex dynamical behaviors, and can generate 2-scroll hyperchaotic attractor and 2-scroll chaotic attractor under different control parameters. Theoretical analyses and simulation are conducted to investigate the dynamical behaviors of the proposed hyperchaotic system by means of Lyapunov exponents, analysis of the bifurcation diagram and phase portraits.
The supercritical bore produced by a high-speed ship in a channel

An experimental investigation is made into the various flow regimes accompanying a ship travelling in a channel at supercritical speeds. The phenomena of smooth solitons, broken solitons, bores, and steady supercritical flow are observed. We look at the conditions under which each phenomenon exists, and the depth-based Froude numbers at which the transitions occur. Special emphasis is placed on ship bores, and we put forward a simple theoretical model for predicting the form of the bores as well as the transition to steady supercritical flow.
Gait Analysis for Human Identification

— Human gait, which is a new biometric, is aimed to recognize individual by the way they walk. Gait can be defined as the coordinated, cyclic combination of movements that results in human locomotion. Gait analysis provides human identification for authentication purpose from a distance and it is unobtrusive. Gait analysis is pose independent. In our work initially background is modeled from the input video captured from cameras deployed for security and the foreground that is moving object in individual frames are segmented using the background subtraction algorithm. Then various features such as measurement of width and height, step size, crotch height, foot angle, stride length, cadence, the distance between head and pelvis. These gait features of individuals are earlier enrolled in a database for the identification of the individuals. Then these features of are compared with features in database to identify the person. We have evaluated the results by using the University of Southampton database (SOTON).