Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sediment Discharge in Yukon River, Alaska : Its Continuous Measurement and Interpretation

In order to clarify the mechanism of sediment discharge in Yukon River, Alaska, continuous measurements of turbidity and temperature of river water were performed at a site in the middle region of the drainage basin for a period of June to September 1998. Water turbidity recorded at a fixed point represents the crosssectional fluctuation of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) with an error of less than 20 mg/L, exhibiting a one-to-one correspondence between turbidity and SSe. A time series of sediment discharge, the product of sse and water discharge, was obtained using the turbidity record and water discharge data of U.S. Geological Survey. Sediment discharge of Yukon River seasonally varies with high water discharge and high SSC by snowmelt until early July and subsequently with relatively low water discharge and very high sse by glacier-melt and rainfall through early September. The snowmelt sediment discharge is probably due to fluvial entrainment of bank sediment in the upstream.
Methods of routing and sizing of water supply networks

One of the first steps in water distribution systems (WDSs) design process is the pipeline routing, defined as geometrical projection of a designed network. The analogical step can also be found in designing of other elements of technical infrastructure, such as energy lines or roads. Moreover, the pipeline routing process influences pipe’s sizing and determinates investment, exploitation and maintenance aspects of the whole WDS. Despite its significant meaning, the routing process is still unsatisfactorily supported by mathematical methods and computer aided tools. Therefore, there are continuous researches of more effective pipeline routing and sizing methods. This paper presents a literature review about currently developed methods of network routing and methods of optimal pipeline sizing.
Entrepreneurial stress and long term survival : is there a causal link?

This study explores the relationship between strain, performance, and survival of small-scale business owners. 201 business owners were observed across a 10 years period. We used a control theoretical framework and argued that strain (psychosomatic complaints, susceptibility to stress) activates strategies that have positive effects on long-term survival and performance. Our research showed that psychosomatic complaints have positive effects on survival. Moreover, psychosomatic complaints were not related to growth but related to dissatisfaction in cross sectional analyses. Finally, low satisfaction was affecting susceptibility to stress. We conclude that while entrepreneurs may try to reduce stress reactions, owners need to proactively strive for desired goals at the same time.
Genetic correlation between Piscirickettsia salmonis resistance and mortality obtained under farming condition in Atlantic salmon, XI region of Chile.

Piscirickettsia salmonis EBVs were evaluated as predictive values of mortality performance in Atlantic salmon on farming conditions. In base of 104 full-sibs families, using data of specific mortality of P. salmonis (SRS%) obtained under specific challenge and general mortality associated to the same disease (Mort%) of harvested fish after 17 months of growing phase, genetic correlation was estimated. The genetic correlation between SRS % and Mort% was high (0.90), indicating that SRS% EBV is a good predictor on mortality performance in the sea. This is the first study that reports genetic correlation between P. salmonis resistance and field mortality associated to the same pathogen. Preliminary results indicate that SRS% is a good candidate trait to select for P. salmonis resistance to secure good performance in sea conditions. Only one sea site was considered. Further studies are needed to assess different environmental conditions with different P. salmonis prevalences to have a better estimate of the parameters.
Environmental regulation of the purine synthesis enzyme purH transcript during adult diapause in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

A 1962 bp cDNA clone of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (purH) was isolated from diapausing adults of Leptinotarsa decemlineata using RT-PCR and 3' and 5'-RACE. The probe generated from this clone hybridized to a transcript approximately 1960 bp in length on northern blots. The clone encodes for a deduced protein 594 amino acids in length with 73% identity, 83% similarity to purH from Drosophila melanogaster. Northern blot (total RNA) analysis determined that L. decemlineata purH (LdpurH) was downregulated in diapausing beetles stored at 10°C. Developmental studies revealed that LdpurH is expressed at nearly constant high levels in both nondiapausing and prediapause adults. LdpurH expression during the first 20 days of diapause is equivalent to that seen in nondiapausing beetles, after which expression decreases. Exposing 70 day old diapausing beetles to 20°C for 24 h induced an increase in expression of purH indicating that purH is regulated by tem- perature in diapausing/overwintering beetles.
Using data assimilation to study extratropical Northern Hemisphere climate over the last millennium

Abstract. Climate proxy data provide noisy, and spatially incomplete information on some aspects of past climate states, whereas palaeosimulations with climate models provide global, multi-variable states, which may however differ from the true states due to unpredictable internal variability not related to climate forcings, as well as due to model deficiencies. Using data assimilation for combining the empirical information from proxy data with the physical understanding of the climate system represented by the equations in a climate model is in principle a promising way to obtain better estimates for the climate of the past. Data assimilation has been used for a long time in weather forecasting and atmospheric analyses to control the states in atmospheric General Circulation Models such that they are in agreement with observation from surface, upper air, and satellite measurements. Here we discuss the similarities and the differences between the data assimilation problem in palaeoclimatology and in weather forecasting, and present and conceptually compare three data assimilation methods that have been developed in recent years for applications in palaeoclimatology. All three methods (selection of ensemble members, Forcing Singular Vectors, and Pattern Nudging) are illustrated by examples that are related to climate variability over the extratropical Northern Hemisphere during the last millennium. In particular it is shown that all three methods suggest that the cold period over Scandinavia during 1790–1820 is linked to anomalous northerly or easterly atmospheric flow, which in turn is related to a pressure anomaly that resembles a negative state of the Northern Annular Mode.
Information Rich Display Design

This paper presents the concept Information Rich display Design (IRD). The purpose of Information Rich Design is to condense existing information in process displays in such a way that each display picture contains more relevant information for the user. Compared to traditional process control displays, this new concept allows the operator to attain key information at a glance and at the same time allows for improved monitoring of larger portions of the process. This again allows for reduced navigation between both process and trend displays and ease the cognitive demand on the operator. The concept is based on weighing and classifying the relevance of types of information presented to users. By using well-proven principles from graphical design it visualizes this information in a manner that reflects its relevance. The IRD concept can supplement and complement other design concepts that are innovative in terms of their information content and/or visual form. The concept was originally created for the operation of offshore petroleum production facilities. An offshore control room operator has to deal with a complex process where there is little redundancy in the main process functions. Due to the nature of the process medium, potentially hazardous situations may arise if safety constraints are not respected. Therefore there is focus on early detection and handling of abnormal conditions and events that may affect both production and safety. A new approach to offshore display design is necessary due to shortcomings in current design. The keyhole effect is one important cause to problems, as each display only reveals a fraction of the whole process. The IRD concept should also be relevant and easily applicable to other industries where the detection of incipient abnormal events may be critical to maintaining production and safety, such as the nuclear industry. The information content and amount being presented to the operator in a display should be viewed in context of the wide range of different roles the operator is likely to have when using the display. For instance, an operator in a highly stressful situation with high workload within a limited amount of time should not have to deal with large amounts of information that is not relevant to that situation.
How to establish customer trust and retention in a highly competitive airline business

The Indonesian social class population is increasing in number and the demand for rapid transportation heightens the competition in the airline industry in Indonesia. Many business players in this industry are changing their strategies and start to apply new strategies from intensive marketing, advertising, and promotion up to Low Cost Carriers strategy to get more passengers. Highly competitive market triggers the airline companies to attract and retain customers. Increasingly saturated market drives significant gains; thus, customer retention is essential for airlines industry. This study aims to analyze the influence of Service Quality, Brand Image, Customer Satisfaction, and Customer Trust on Customer Retention. A number of hypotheses are examined using a sample of Customers of Low Cost Carriers in Indonesia (Lion Air, Citilink, Sriwijaya Airline, Kalstar and Air Asia). The data is analyzed using LISREL, collected from 417 passengers who travel from SoekarnoHatta Airport, Jakarta. We find that Service Quality, Brand Image, Customer Trust, and Customer Satisfaction have positive effect on Customer Retention.
Researching Gender Professions: Nurses as Professionals

Nurses as professionals of health, childhood education teachers, social workers and caregivers, join a group of “feminine professions” which grew through policies of a welfare state in postwar constructive period, or in times of postwar accords (Jones, 1983). These professions are under challenge because of neoliberal policies and practices in the 21st century. In the paper, we want to give lights to the contradictory situations nurses face, as workers and as care keepers. Nurses, suffer of a combination of public and private functions, at work, at home, and when caring family relatives. The way women feel about their role as professionals, and as women and workers, is illuminative, as we enquired in a funded research developed with nurses in the community of Navarra, Spain, first from 1993 to 1996, and next, checking a continuity each ten years, 2006 and next 2016.
Non-linear approaches to the response of brick masonry wall to lateral loading

The response of brick masonry wall subjected to lateral loading is presented in this paper. Modelling and analysis of masonry seems to be complicated due to two-component material with different properties and dimensions. Out-of-plane loading adds another issue to be solved. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a calibration to evaluate the dynamic properties of the structure. The response of the finite element model is improved by predicting the parameter by performing a non-linear structural analysis. The deformations obtained numerically were compared to that of experimental observations. The experiments were carried out in one of the experimental galleries in the limestone pit. The study deals with the response of the masonry separating walls at various thicknesses, mechanical properties or loading. This contribution compares the effect of variability of particular parameters to the response of the walls. The results could be used for explosion prevention and protection; masonry buildings are taking into account considering the danger of explosion of natural gas or other items. For favourable design or assessment of masonry wall exposed to the out-of-plane load, which involves also explosion, it is possible to calculate the structure using some finite element model.
Modified New Edge-Directed Interpolation Using Window Extension

In this paper, we proposed modified NEDI (New Edge-Directed Interpolation) method using recursive window extension and clipping technique. The conventional NEDI interpolates HR pixels based on the geometric duality between HR (high resolution) and LR (low resolution) pixels. When the reference pixels in the window have different structures locally, the calculation of interpolation coefficients can be greatly affected. This is because when using geometric duality, pixels are used in the limited window. Also, if the structures of the reference pixels in the window are different from each other, there is a problem that the geometric duality between the HR and LR pixels is reduced and distortion occurs. In this paper, we used recursive window extension method for improving the structural similarity of the pixels in the window and clipping technique for increasing the geometric duality. Experimental results show that the results of various algorithms are compared and subjective and objective image quality is improved compared to the conventional NEDI.
EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND THERAPY ON THE HYDROXYPROLINE CONTENT IN EXPERIMENTAL TENDON INJURIES IN HORSES

Objective-To determine the effect of ultrasound therapy on hydroxyproline (HP) content in superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) in horses.Design - Experimental in vivo study.Animals - Eight adult castrated horses.Procedure- The mediocaudal surface of right metatarsal bone in was exposed and after complete separation of SDFT, it was splitted (striking 15 times) in full thickness in longitudinal fashion of 10 cm in length in the mid-tendon area using BP blade no 24. These animals were divided into two equal groups of control and experiment. No treatment was given to control one, whereas; treatment group was subjected to therapeutic ultrasound (Sonopulse 434) regimens 10 minutes daily with intensity of 1 Watt/Esq. at 3 MHz frequency over 14 days. The hydroxyproline concentration was measured by modified spectrophotometery. The collected data was analyzed using student t test at p <0.05 significant level.Results- HP content of severed tendons in both groups was significantly less than normal tendons (P<0.01). Also, the HP content of treatment group was significantly more than the control group.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- The results of this study indicated that direct application of ultrasound therapy on severely injured or extensive lesion of superficial digital flexor tendon in horses will enhance HP content in the treated tendon.
Technology Adoption in French Agriculture and the Role of Financial Constraints

Successive CAP reforms have increased the exposure of European agriculture to market forces. As a result, farmers have become preoccupied with their competitiveness and have progressively adopted best practices. However, these long-run technological adjustments could be slowed down by eventual shortrun financial constraints. This contribution measures the role of these financial constraints on the catching-up component of total factor productivity for a panel of French farmers in Nord-Pas-de-Calais region during 1994-2001. For TFP estimates based on non-parametric distance functions, the second stage econometric results indicate that the technological adaptation is significantly conditioned by financial constraints.
Comparative Studies of PST Thin Films as Prepared by Sol-Gel, LDCVD and Sputtering Techniques

Lead scandium tantalate (PST) thin films for pyroelectric applications have been deposited by using liquid delivery chemical vaporise deposition (LDCVD), sputtering and sol-gel techniques. These films were annealed by using rapid thermal annealing to improve their electrical properties. Their microstructures and electrical properties such as permittivity l r , dielectric loss tan i , pyroelectric coefficient p, and thermal detection figure of merit F d were studied. It is suggested to use a combination of methods to depositing films and then use rapid thermal annealing to producing high quality PST thin films.
Ghanaian Headteachers Creative Problem-Solving Abilities’ Indirect Effects on Teachers’ Commitment to Stay: The Role of Corporate Brand Personality

: A model depicting the indirect effects of a school leader’s creative problem solving ability attributes on the teachers’ commitment to stay (retention) with corporate brand personality of Ghanaian pre-tertiary schools as a mediator is explored. The aim was to fit the model to the data. Data was gathered from two hundred and seventy nine pre-tertiary schools. Each school’s headteacher using the creative problem solving ability attributes questionnaire and two supporting teachers using the corporate brand personality dimensions and commitment to stay questionnaires provided data for the study. The result showed that the hypothesised model of the indirect linkage between creative problem-solving ability attributes and commitment to stay, with corporate brand personality serving as a mediator, fit the data. Significant indirect effects of the creative problem-solving ability attributes on employee commitment to stay were observed; with the corporate brand personality serving as a significant mediator. Results also indicated that only divergent thinking had a significant indirect effect on corporate brand personality, with motivation and knowledge showing significant direct effects. The findings and associated implications such as the brand - knowledge linkage are discussed.
Parallel computing for data reduction

Data Warehouses are databases used in Business Intelligence systems as a data source to develop analytical applications. These applications consist of multidimensional analyses of data and allow decisional makers to improve the business processes of the Information System. Since multidimensional analyses require to aggregate data on several attributes, techniques based on approximate query answering have been introduced in order to reduce the response time. These techniques use, as a data source, a synopsis of the data stored in the Data Warehouse. In this paper, a parallel algorithm for the computation of data synopsis is presented.
Analysis of a quarter car suspension system based on nonlinear shock absorber damping models

Shock absorber is a critical element of vehicle suspension system with nonlinear characteristics. In the present work, performance of vehicle characteristics was analysed by quarter car model to study the effect of shock absorber, on the basis of linear and nonlinear damping characteristics. In addition to linear and piecewise linear, polynomial damping characteristics were considered to address the nonlinear aspect of damping characteristics. The linear and nonlinear properties of the shock absorber were incorporated in a two degree of freedom quarter car suspension system. The modelling and simulation is carried out in Adams view environment and Matlab/Simulink. A bump road profile was used to excite the quarter car suspension models. The polynomial shock absorber model was validated using experimental data taken from established literature. Simulation was undertaken to study the dynamic performance in terms of sprung mass acceleration, body displacement, suspension deflection and unsprung mass acceleration. Experimental hysteresis characteristics data, taken from established literature, were also modelled in Adams view environment and the simulated results were used for validation purpose. The suspension system response incorporating shock absorber represented by nonlinear model, hysteresis model and piece wise linear model were provided in the result section for comparison. It was observed from quantitative comparisons that the RMS values for body acceleration and body displacement of the polynomial model matched fairly well with the results of experimental hysteresis response. It was concluded that in order to study the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle accurately, nonlinear behaviour of the damper is required to be captured properly. Therefore, the proposed polynomial shock absorber model can be a better option for vehicle dynamic analysis as compared to the complex hysteresis model.
Who is responsible for couple infertility: A clinic-based survey in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

This study was carried out to describe the male or female original causes of infertility among couples and the semen quality among men attending fertility clinics. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a retrospective data collection from 2003 to 2012. From 14 to 18th January, 6 982 patients were included and analyzed 6642 patients’ data from 15 private and public medical centres in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The mean age was 36.4 (95% CI: 35.3, 37.6), 30.0 (95% CI: 29.6, 30.4) and 29.6 (95% CI: 29.4, 29.8) for men, infertile and fertile women, respectively. The origin of the infertility was related to female or male factor in 25.1 and 7.7% of the cases, respectively while unexplained infertility represented 62.5% of the cases. The trend of the male infertility had a slight but steady increase over the last years of the study. Regarding semen quality, the male-factor infertility was more associated with the sperm quality (morphology, motility and vitality) than the spermatozoa count or the volume. Our findings tended to confirm that male infertility is increasing. Prospective studies are needed to investigate the specificities of infertility in Burkina Faso as well as the different partners’ contribution to this. Key words: Infertility, semen quality, prevalence, sub-Sahara Africa, Burkina Faso.
Scanning capacitance imaging of compressible and incompressible quantum Hall effect edge strips

We use dynamic scanning capacitance microscopy to image compressible and incompressible strips at the edge of a Hall bar in a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the quantum Hall effect (QHE) regime. This method gives access to the complex local conductance, Gts, between a sharp metallic tip scanned across the sample surface and ground, comprising the complex sample conductance. Near integer filling factors we observe a bright stripe along the sample edge in the imaginary part of Gts. The simultaneously recorded real part exhibits a sharp peak at the boundary between the sample interior and the stripe observed in the imaginary part. The features are periodic in the inverse magnetic field and consistent with compressible and incompressible strips forming at the sample edge. For currents larger than the critical current of the QHE break-down the stripes vanish sharply and a homogeneous signal is recovered, similar to zero magnetic field. Our experiments directly illustrate the formation and a variety of properties of the conceptually important QHE edge states at the physical edge of a 2DEG.