Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivations (for) and Outcomes of Continuing Professional Education in Football Management: an Exploratory Study

Abstract Introduction. Whereas changing roles and environments in sport industry create a need for the continued professional development of sport managers, there is a clear knowledge gap about the latter phenomenon. Therefore, the study aims to explore the sport managers’ motivations for a continuing professional education experience and the outcomes of such an experience for their careers and the development of their organisations. Material and methods. Because of its exploratory nature, the study is based on the qualitative analysis of semi structured interviews with sport managers who have participated in one of the Polish editions of the UEFA Certificate in Football Management programme. Results. Sport managers share multiple extrinsic motivations (mainly of professional development and networking in football environment). In terms of the benefits for the managers’ careers, there is an improvement in their career capital (mainly through the development in football specific knowing-how and knowing-whom), whereas the effects on career success are predominately subjective (improved perceived marketability). The benefits for the sport organisations are very heterogeneous, which results from substantial differences, mainly in learning culture and supervisor’s support, among the organisations. Conclusions. The main contribution of the study is the exploration of the football and sport specific context of continuing professional education. The research offers some practical implications for stakeholders interested in fostering professionalization of sport industry.
Nondestractive Determination of the Fat Content in Raw and Frozen Horse Mackerel by Near Infrared Spectroscopy.

マアジの生, 凍結魚体を用いて, 近赤外分光法による脂肪含量の非破壊測定を行った。 魚体背部中央部でインタラクタンス方式により測定したスペクトルの2次微分値と魚体全体の脂肪含量を基に重回帰分析を行った結果, 第1波長として926nmの脂肪の吸収バンドを含む良好な検量線が得られた。 測定精度の比較の指標であるRPD値は生で2. 8,凍結で2. 7であった。 また, 生・凍結の統合検量線の精度もRPD値が2. 8と高かった。 インタラクタンスプローブを用いる近赤外分光法は, 生, 凍結のいずれでも魚体背部中央部のスペクトルを測定することにより, マアジ(全体)の脂肪含量を測定する可能性を有しているものと結論づけられた。
Relativistic Effects in the Rotation of Jupiter’s Inner Satellites

Abstract The most significant relativistic effects (the geodetic precession and the geodetic nutation, which consist of the effect of the geodetic rotation) in the rotation of Jupiter’s inner satellites were investigated in this research. The calculations of the most essential secular and periodic terms of the geodetic rotation were carried out by the method for studying any bodies of the solar system with long-time ephemeris. As a result, for these Jupiter’s satellites, these terms of their geodetic rotation were first determined in the rotational elements with respect to the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) equator and the equinox of the J2000.0 and in the Euler angles relative to their proper coordinate systems. The study shows that in the solar system there are objects with significant geodetic rotation, due primarily to their proximity to the central body, and not to its mass.
A TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING MEASUREMENT STATION TO MONITOR LONG-TERM STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS IN A BOREAL FOREST

Abstract. This work presents a data acquisition framework and the technical details of a permanent terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurement station for high spatial and temporal resolution forest observation that was developed in the Finnish Geospatial Research Institute. The TLS measurement station was established to provide hyper-temporal time series of three-dimensional point cloud data for long term monitoring of a boreal forest. Time series data acquisition framework consists of regular 14-minute scans performed by a RIEGL VZ-2000i laser scanner in every 30 minutes, resulting in the collection of 48 scans per day. The entire framework includes the setting up of the laser scanner, the initialization of daily project, the scanning data acquisition over a preset time window, the storage management of the collected data at a local measurement computer, and the transfer of data from the measurement computer to network-attached storage (NAS) for further data processes. The operability of the proposed TLS measurement station was first piloted at a test area of about 32,500 m2 in Southern Finland (60°09'N, 24°32'E). A set of several long monitoring experiments were performed over the whole growing season from the beginning of April to the end of October in 2019. As preliminary results, the time series outputs have captured detailed information on the phenological changes in the test site with sub-centimetre accuracy. For instance, it was possible to visualize plant dynamics phenomena, such as the sprouting of leaves in spring and their falling in autumn.
Day vs. night: the importance of the circadian cycle over metacommunities and predator–prey densities

ABSTRACT Hypothesizing that assembly of mites diverges between sampling periods, our goal was to verify the relative influence of day and night time, climatic parameters and seasonality on the metacommunities of mites associated with Genipa americana L. in Brazil, and on the foraging behaviour of the most abundant predator and phytophagous species. Seasonal variation was a key parameter in metacommunity structure and population dynamics. In contrast, day and night periods and climatic factors had a low importance for most of the response variables, apart from richness that was negatively influenced by temperature. Concerning the population dynamics, time period plays an important role in predator species, but not in phytophagous species. Our results showed that phytophagous mites remain on leaves during both periods, whereas predators seemed to have partitioned their habitat, since some species had a tendency to forage on leaves during the day, while others forage at night. Our finding can be an indicative of behavioural response to intraguild predation or competition. In terms of metacommunity structure and dynamics, sampling period seemed not to affect species composition since we recorded higher turnover rates among trees than between periods in a same tree.
The Role of Social Networks in the Internationalisation of Startups: LinkedIn in Portuguese Context

Abstract This study aims to explore the role of social networks in the internationalisation of startups. For this purpose, the social network LinkedIn is used, and two case studies of Portuguese technological startups are employed. The findings indicate that social networks can contribute to the acceleration of the internationalisation process and decrease their costs. Their relevance is greater in the initial phase of the internationalisation process. However, its relevance is limited in more advanced phases of this process. LinkedIn can be used by startups to obtain several benefits such as brand awareness, identification of new opportunities, customer feedback, among others. The results of this study are essentially useful in a practical dimension for companies that plan to start or improve their internationalisation process sustained on social networks.
Male Perpetration of Adolescent Dating Violence: A Scoping Review

Male violence against females most often occurs within intimate relationships, and when that occurs during youth, it is termed adolescent dating violence (ADV). A scoping review focused on male perpetration of ADV was conducted to synthesize existing evidence and offer insights about what influences male adolescents to perpetrate ADV. The current scoping review explored the findings drawn from 16 research studies conducted in the United States, Spain, South Africa, and Italy, to distil modifiable factors related to male perpetration of ADV. Three themes were extrapolated from the 16 studies: (a) entitlement; (b) adverse childhood experiences (ACE); and (c) ineffective conflict management. Entitlement as a theme was characterized by attitudes and beliefs aligning to violence, hierarchical and marginalizing masculine norms, traditional gender roles, and male superiority, which in various configurations influenced the perpetration of ADV. ACE as a theme highlighted how male adolescents who had experienced, observed, and/or initiated abuse were at increased risk of perpetrating ADV. Male adolescents with ineffective conflict management (theme 3), including alcohol use and/or emotional dysregulation, were also at higher risk of perpetrating ADV. Tailored prevention efforts are often delinked from issues of male entitlement, ACE, and ineffective conflict management; therefore, we make suggestions for trauma-informed care to guide primary care providers (PCPs) in the assessment and management of ADV.
A controlled trial of dissemination and implementation of a cardiovascular risk reduction strategy in small primary care practices.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of dissemination and implementation of an intervention consisting of practice facilitation and a risk-stratified, population management dashboard on cardiovascular risk reduction for patients at high risk in small, primary care practices. STUDY SETTING A total of 219 small primary care practices (≤10 clinicians per site) across North Carolina with primary data collection from electronic health records (EHRs) from the fourth quarter of 2015 through the second quarter of 2018. STUDY DESIGN We performed a stepped-wedge, stratified, cluster randomized trial of a one-year intervention consisting of practice facilitation utilizing quality improvement techniques coupled with a cardiovascular dashboard that included lists of risk-stratified adults, aged 40-79 years and their unmet treatment opportunities. The primary outcome was change in 10-Year ASCVD Risk score among all patients with a baseline score ≥10 percent from baseline to 3 months postintervention. DATA COLLECTION/ EXTRACTION METHODS Data extracts were securely transferred from practices on a nightly basis from their EHR to the research team registry. PRINCIPLE FINDINGS ASCVD risk scores were assessed on 437 556 patients and 146 826 had a calculated 10-year risk ≥10 percent. The mean baseline risk was 23.4 percent (SD ± 12.6 percent). Postintervention, the absolute risk reduction was 6.3 percent (95% CI 6.3, 6.4). Models considering calendar time and stepped-wedge controls revealed most of the improvement (4.0 of 6.3 percent) was attributable to the intervention and not secular trends. In multivariate analysis, male gender, age >65 years, low-income (<$40 000), and Black race (P < .001 for all variables) were each associated with greater risk reductions. CONCLUSION A risk-stratified, population management dashboard combined with practice facilitation led to substantial reductions of 10-year ASCVD risk for patients at high risk. Similar approaches could lead to effective dissemination and implementation of other new evidence, especially in rural and other under-resourced practices. Registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov 15-0479.
Human disturbance increases trophic niche overlap in terrestrial carnivore communities

Significance Niche theory posits that species must limit overlap in the use of space, time, or resources to minimize competition. However, human disturbances are rapidly altering ecosystems with uncertain consequences for niche partitioning. Dietary niche partitioning is the primary way many species limit interspecific competition, and it is particularly important for carnivores because diet overlap can trigger interference competition and interspecific killing. We used stable isotope analyses to examine carnivore diets across the Great Lakes region in the United States and show that carnivores inhabiting disturbed ecosystems consume more human foods, leading to significant increases in both niche breadth and dietary niche overlap among competing species. These results suggest that carnivores in human-dominated landscapes experience significant interspecific competition and conflict due to the consumption of human food subsidies. Animal foraging and competition are defined by the partitioning of three primary niche axes: space, time, and resources. Human disturbance is rapidly altering the spatial and temporal niches of animals, but the impact of humans on resource consumption and partitioning—arguably the most important niche axis—is poorly understood. We assessed resource consumption and trophic niche partitioning as a function of human disturbance at the individual, population, and community levels using stable isotope analysis of 684 carnivores from seven communities in North America. We detected significant responses to human disturbance at all three levels of biological organization: individual carnivores consumed more human food subsidies in disturbed landscapes, leading to significant increases in trophic niche width and trophic niche overlap among species ranging from mesocarnivores to apex predators. Trophic niche partitioning is the primary mechanism regulating coexistence in many communities, and our results indicate that humans fundamentally alter resource niches and competitive interactions among terrestrial consumers. Among carnivores, niche overlap can trigger interspecific competition and intraguild predation, while the consumption of human foods significantly increases human–carnivore conflict. Our results suggest that human disturbances, especially in the form of food subsidies, may threaten carnivores by increasing the probability of both interspecific competition and human–carnivore conflict. Ultimately, these findings illustrate a potential decoupling of predator–prey dynamics, with impacts likely cascading to populations, communities, and ecosystems.
Multiobjective Formulation of Multiple Sequence Alignment for Phylogeny Inference

Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a preliminary task for estimating phylogenies. It is used for homology inference among the sequences of a set of species. Generally, the MSA task is handled as a single-objective optimization process. The alignments computed under one criterion may be different from the alignments generated by other criteria, inferring discordant homologies and thus leading to different hypothesized evolutionary histories relating the sequences. The multiobjective (MO) formulation of MSA has recently been advocated by several researchers, to address this issue. An MO approach independently optimizes multiple (often conflicting) objective functions at the same time and outputs a set of competitive alignments. However, no conceptual or experimental rational from a real-world application perspective has been reported so far for any MO formulation of MSA. This article work investigates the impact of MO formulation in the context of an important scientific problem, namely, phylogeny estimation. Employing popular evolutionary MO algorithms, we show that: 1) trees inferred based on alignments produced by the existing MSA methods used in practice are substantially worse in quality than the trees inferred based on the alignment’s output by an MO algorithm and 2) even high-quality alignments (according to popular measures available in the literature) may fail to achieve acceptable accuracy in generating phylogenetic trees. Thus, we essentially ask the following natural question: “can a phylogeny-aware (i.e., application-aware) metric guide in selecting appropriate MO formulations to ensure better phylogeny estimation? ” Here, we report a carefully designed extensive experimental study that positively answers this question.
Depression and Anxiety During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in an Urban, Low‐Income Public University Sample

Abstract Mental health disparities in the aftermath of national disasters and the protective role of socioeconomic status are both well documented. We assessed the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among underresourced public university students during the COVID‐19 pandemic in New York City. Between April 8, 2020, and May 2, 2020, adult students (N = 1,821) across the CUNY system completed an online survey examining COVID‐19–related stressors and mental health and sociodemographic factors. Using multivariable logistical regression to assess the association between COVID‐19–related stressors and depression and anxiety symptoms, we found a high prevalence and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms. We also observed that more exposure to COVID‐19–related stressors was associated with increased depressive (27.0%, 41.4%, and 63.1% for low‐, medium‐, and high‐level stressors, respectively) and anxiety symptoms (19.3%, 34.6%, 52.2%). In addition, the degree of exposure to COVID‐19–related stressors served as an important predictor of depression and anxiety symptoms. Compared to high levels of stressors, the odds of depression were 0.2, 95% CI [0.2, 0.3] for low‐ and 0.4, 95% CI [0.3, 0.5] for medium‐level stressors; for anxiety, the odds were 0.2, 95% CI [0.2, 0.3] for low and 0.05, 95% CI [0.4, 0.6] for medium stressors. Finally, household savings of less than $5,000 increased the risk of anxiety but not depression symptoms, OR = 1.3, 95% CI [1.0,1.6]. Together, these findings tell a devastating story of psychological distress among students from lower socioeconomic groups living in the COVID‐19 epicenter of the U.S. pandemic.
Discrete sampling in perception via neuronal oscillations—Evidence from rhythmic, non‐invasive brain stimulation

A variety of perceptual phenomena suggest that, in contrast to our everyday experience, our perception may be discrete rather than continuous. The possibility of such discrete sampling processes inevitably prompts the question of how such discretization is implemented in the brain. Evidence from neurophysiological measurements suggest that neural oscillations, particularly in the lower frequencies, may provide a mechanism by which such discretization can be implemented. It is hypothesized that cortical excitability is rhythmically enhanced or reduced along the positive and negative half‐cycle of such oscillations. In recent years, rhythmic non‐invasive brain stimulation approaches such as rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) are increasingly used to test this hypothesis. Both methods are thought to entrain endogenous brain oscillations, allowing them to alter their power, frequency, and phase in order to study their roles in perception. After a brief introduction to the core mechanisms of both methods, we will provide an overview of rTMS and tACS studies probing the role of brain oscillations for discretized perception in different domains and will contrast these results with unsuccessful attempts. Further, we will discuss methodological pitfalls and challenges associated with the methods.
Restoration of ceramide de novo synthesis by the synthetic retinoid ST1926 as it induces adult T-cell leukemia cell death

Abstract Ceramide (Cer) is a bioactive cellular lipid with compartmentalized and tightly regulated levels. Distinct metabolic pathways lead to the generation of Cer species with distinguishable roles in oncogenesis. Deregulation of Cer pathways has emerged as an important mechanism for acquired chemotherapeutic resistance. Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells are defective in Cer synthesis. ATL is an aggressive neoplasm that develops following infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) where the viral oncogene Tax contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. ATL cells, resistant to all-trans-retinoic acid, are sensitive to pharmacologically achievable concentrations of the synthetic retinoid ST1926. We studied the effects of ST1926 on Cer pathways in ATL cells. ST1926 treatment resulted in early Tax oncoprotein degradation in HTLV-1-treated cells. ST1926 induced cell death and a dose- and time-dependent accumulation of Cer in malignant T cells. The kinetics and degree of Cer production showed an early response upon ST1926 treatment. ST1926 enhanced de novo Cer synthesis via activation of ceramide synthase CerS(s) without inhibiting dihydroceramide desaturase, thereby accumulating Cer rather than the less bioactive dihydroceramide. Using labeling experiments with the unnatural 17-carbon sphinganine and measuring the generated Cer species, we showed that ST1926 preferentially induces the activities of a distinct set of CerS(s). We detected a delay in cell death response and interruption of Cer generation in response to ST1926 in Molt-4 cells overexpressing Bcl-2. These results highlight the potential role of ST1926 in inducing Cer levels, thus lowering the threshold for cell death in ATL cells.
Exploring the concept of problematic khat use in the Gurage community, South Central Ethiopia: a qualitative study

Objective This study aimed to explore how problematic khat use is characterised in the Gurage community in South Central Ethiopia. Design Qualitative study. Setting Gurage community in South Central Ethiopia. Participants We conducted indepth interviews with 14 khat users and 5 non-khat users, and three focus group discussions with khat users. Methods All participants were selected purposively based on their exposure to khat or khat use. We used an interview guide to explore the perceptions of participants about khat use and problematic khat use. We analysed the data thematically using OpenCode V.4. 03 software. We used iterative data collection and analysis, triangulation of methods, and respondent validation to ensure scientific rigour. Findings We identified three major themes: sociocultural khat use, khat suse (khat addiction) and negative consequences of khat use. Sociocultural khat use included a broad range of contexts and patterns, including use of khat for functional, social, cultural and religious reasons. Khat addiction was mainly explained in terms of associated khat withdrawal experiences, including harara/craving and inability to quit. We identified mental health, sexual life, physical health, social and financial negative consequences of khat use. The local idiom jezba was used to label a subgroup of individuals with khat suse (khat addiction). Conclusion The study has identified what constitutes normative and problematic khat use in the Gurage community in South Central Ethiopia. Problematic khat use is a broad concept which includes frequency, reasons, contexts, negative consequences and addiction to khat. Insights generated can be used to inform future studies on the development of tools to measure problematic khat use.
Which Oxford Knee Score level represents a satisfactory symptom state after undergoing a total knee replacement?

Background and purpose — Meaningful interpretation of postoperative Oxford Knee Score (OKS) levels is challenging. We established Patient Acceptable Symptoms State (PASS) and Treatment Failure (TF) values for the OKS in patients undergoing primary total knee replacement (TKR) in Denmark. Patients and methods — Data from patients undergoing primary TKR between February 2015 and January 2019 was extracted from the arthroplasty registry at the Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre in Denmark. Data included 3, 12, and 24 months postoperative responses to the OKS and 2 anchor questions asking whether they considered their symptom state to be satisfactory, and if not, whether they considered the treatment to have failed. PASS and TF threshold values were calculated using the adjusted predictive modeling method. Non-parametric bootstrapping was used to derive 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results — Complete 3, 12, and 24 months postoperative data was obtained for 187 of 209 (89%), 884 of 915 (97%), and 575 of 586 (98%) patients, with median ages from 68 to 70 years (59 to 64% female). 72%, 77%, and 79% considered as having satisfactory symptoms, while 6%, 11%, and 11% considered the treatment to have failed, at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively, respectively. OKS PASS values (CI) were 27 (26–28), 30 (29–31), and 30 (29–31) at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. TF values were 27 (26–28) and 27 (26–29) at 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Interpretation — The OKS PASS values can be used to guide the interpretation of TKR outcome and support quality assessment in institutional and national registries.