Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Duobinary pulse position modulation – a novel coding scheme for the dispersive optical channel

Pulse position modulation (PPM) coding schemes have been proposed and investigated widely as a technique of utilising the very high bandwidth available in optical fibres, achieving a significant improvement in sensitivity of 5-11 dB compared with an equivalent non-return-to-zero on-off keying scheme. However, this improvement has some tradeoffs. When using eight-level digital PPM, the final data rate can be as high as 32 times that of the original data, thus implementation becomes extremely difficult to the point where commercial viability becomes doubtful. In this study, the authors describe a novel coding scheme that combines the duobinary scheme with PPM to form DuoPPM. It is shown that DuoPPM gives a sensitivity greater than digital PPM while operating at two times the original data rate. Original results presented in this study predict that a high fibre bandwidth DuoPPM system can give a sensitivity of -42.2 dBm when operating with 1 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) data and a fibre bandwidth of 100 GHz. In addition, it is shown that DuoPPM outperforms optimised digital PPM at low fibre bandwidths (1 GHz) by 8.7 dB.
The Humane Interface: New Directions for Designing Interactive Systems

"Deep thinking is rare in this field where most companies are glad to copy designs that were great back in the 1970s. The Humane Interface is a gourmet dish from a master chef. Five mice! " --Jakob Nielsen, Nielsen Norman Group Author of Designing Web Usability: The Practice of SimplicityThis unique guide to interactive system design reflects the experience and vision of Jef Raskin, the creator of the Apple Macintosh. Other books may show how to use today's widgets and interface ideas effectively. Raskin, however, demonstrates that many current interface paradigms are dead ends, and that to make computers significantly easier to use requires new approaches. He explains how to effect desperately needed changes, offering a wealth of innovative and specific interface ideas for software designers, developers, and product managers.The Apple Macintosh helped to introduce a previous revolution in computer interface design, drawing on the best available technology to establish many of the interface techniques and methods now universal in the computer industry. With this book, Raskin proves again both his farsightedness and his practicality. He also demonstrates how design ideas must be built on a scientific basis, presenting just enough cognitive psychology to link the interface of the future to the experimental evidence and to show why that interface will work.Raskin observes that our honeymoon with digital technology is over: We are tired of having to learn huge, arcane programs to do even the simplest of tasks; we have had our fill of crashing computers; and we are fatigued by the continual pressure to upgrade. The Humane Interface delivers a way for computers, information appliances, and other technology-driven products to continue to advance in power and expand their range of applicability, while becoming free of the hassles and obscurities that plague present products. 0201379376B07092001
Objectively measured the impact of air pollution on physical activity and sedentary behavior in freshmen student in Beijing, China

Background: Air pollution has become a major environmental health risk factor, notably in China. Air pollution potentially has the impact of human populations’ health behavior. Gaps in scientific literature remain regarding more accurately estimates the relationship between air pollution and sedentary behavior in China. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of hourly air pollution on hourly physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among college students living in Beijing, China. The secondary aim was to examine such associations varied at specific time. Methods : Participants were recruited included 340 freshmen students from Tsinghua University. Accelerometers provided PA measures, including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), walking steps, energy expenditure, and sedentary time for 7 consecutive days. Corresponding air pollution data collected by Beijing Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau in the closed site in Tsinghua University were measured to include average hourly air quality index (AQI) and PM 2.5 (µg/m³). Associations were estimated using linear individual fixed-effect regressions. Results: A one level increase in hourly air quality index (AQI) was associated with an reduction in one-hour physical activity by 0.083 (95% confidence interval [CI] =-0.137, -0.029) minutes of MVPA, 8.822 (95% CI = -15.028, -2.617) walking steps, 0.653 (95% CI =-1.033, -0.273) kcals of energy expenditure. A 10µg/m³ increase in air pollution concentration in hourly PM 2.5 was associated with a reduction in one-hour physical activity by 0.021 (95% confidence interval [CI] =-0.033, -0.010) minutes of MVPA, 2.232 (95% CI = -3.548, -0.916) walking steps, 0.170 (95% CI =-0.250, -0.089) kcals of energy expenditure and an increase in one-hour sedentary behavior 0.045 (0.005, 0.0845). At specific time, stronger negative associations of AQI and PM 2.5 air pollution with PA at 8 am, 4 pm, 5 pm and 7 pm. Similarly, stronger positive associations of one hour AQI and PM 2.5 air pollution with SB at 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, and 7 pm. Conclusions: Air pollution decrease physical activity and increases sedentary behavior among freshman students living in Beijing, China. The impact of air pollution on physical activity and sedentary behavior at a specific time was different.
Improved Support Vector Machine and its Application

According to the complex and uncertain relationships between indexes and grades of flood hazard evaluation, as well as the deficiency of measured samples, an improved support vector machine (SVM) model was established to improve accuracy and efficiency of calculation. The function that comprehensively evaluated indexes of multi-dimensional disaster situation in one-dimensional continuous space could be realized, and effectively solved the incompatible problems of different evaluation results with single index. The results showed that the model based on improved support vector machine had a better ability of generalization and calculation speed by reduce constraint conditions. It is considered to have a good application prospect in multi-index comprehensive evaluation.
Detecting a randomly moving COVID-19 using weight Tchebycheff optimization technique

This paper completely characterizes the search for randomly moving COVID-19 among a finite set of different states (cells). A search effort at each fixed number of time intervals is a random variable with a given distribution. Both of probability of detecting the COVID-19 in a certain state j at a certain time i and the detection functions are supposed to be known to the searcher or robot. We seek for the optimal distribution of the effort to deduce an explicit formula for the optimality distribution of the random variable effort using weighted Tchebycheff optimization technique. We find the necessary conditions for the optimal search technique. An algorithm is constructed for generated weighted Tchebycheff optimization technique. The effectiveness of these techniques is illustrated by numerical results which indicate that the proposed techniques are promising.
Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease using 1-D Convolutional Neural Network

Heart disease is treated as one of the noxious diseases at the present time. Coronary artery disease is a kind of heart syndrome which is statistically growing day by day in the society. It is very tough for medical practitioners to predict Coronary artery disease as it is a complicated task that needs experience and acquaintance. For the detection of the disease doctors normally prescribe various invasive and non-invasive methods like angiography, ECG and echocardiogram. These methods are very expensive and sometimes not able to discover a number of undiagnosed symptoms. Due to these, it is not possible to detect the disease accurately at an early stage. The medical sector today contains a number of useful data that is helpful to detect a disease accurately. Using this data many researchers have proposed a number of intelligent systems for the detection of the disease. In this work, a competent system is implemented using deep learning for the better detection of the disease. The system is constructed using Convolutional Neural Network. The system has three phases. In the first phase data cleaning, data imputation and important feature selection are performed. In the second phase model training and hyperparameter tuning is performed. Finally, in the last phase, the model prediction is performed using the test data. The data set used for experimentation is Cleveland, Hungary, Switzerland and Long beach heart disease data present in the UCI repository. The proposed system gives a classification accuracy of 96.49% during testing, which is highest among all the discussed methods.
Signal measurements of multilayer refractive write-once data storage media

Multilayered refractive data storage allows serial optical recording at data densities exceeding 1012bits/cm3. Data may be recorded in a write once mode using two-photon excitation of a photopolymer film. Data is read with minimal cross-talk between layers by wavefront shearing interferometry, for example by differential interference contrast microscopy. The readout signal from such a multilayered refractive memory initially increases with the refractive index contrast. However, high index contrast may eventually lead to excessive scattering which could reduce signal quality. We report here an empirical method for quantitatively assessing the readout performance of multilayer refractive memory media using laser scanning differential interference contrast microscopy and simple image processing. Signal level distributions for a multilayered refractive write once data storage structure are presented.
A High Precision Indoor Positioning System Based on VLC and Smart Handheld

This paper proposes an indoor positioning system based on visible light communication technology and intelligent terminals which equipped with image sensors, electronic compasses and gyroscope sensors. Each LED source is modulated with unique codes which represent its absolute location. The receiving terminal gets the LED’s absolute location through the optical link and capture the scene image with image sensor simultaneously. The electronic compass and the gyroscope sensor measure the terminal’s yaw angle, pitch angle and roll angle in real time, together with the scene image, relative position of the terminal and the LED light source can be calculated. Combine the absolute location of the LED light source with the relative position, the system is able to estimate the terminal’s position within the accuracy of about 2 centimeter. Position accuracy can be improved by using high-precision camera and attitude sensors.
Emergency paving using hot-mixed asphalt incorporating warm mix technology

This paper presents results of a study on hot-mixed and warm-compacted asphalt incorporating warm mix technologies for use in emergency construction following a natural disaster. Case studies were first reviewed to investigate feasibility of the concept. Next, an overall emergency paving framework was developed, complemented by a two-component laboratory investigation. Component one developed a series of short-term ageing protocols for use in preparation of test specimens; component two evaluated those specimens for compactability and rut resistance. Results indicated that (1) material could be hauled up to 6 h and still be effectively used in emergency paving, (2) the two warm mix additives studied improved compactability of hot-mixed and warm-compacted asphalt and (3) rut resistance was acceptable for emergency applications. A discussion on the post natural disaster permanent residual value of the hot-mixed and warm-compacted material is also provided.
Stability analysis of electrical drives fed by matrix converters

Input filters are usually adopted in electrical drives in order to improve the input current quality and to reduce the input voltage distortion. These filters; can determine instabilities, depending on the converter topology and drive control strategy. In this paper the stability of an electrical drive fed by a three-phase to three-phase matrix converter is analyzed considering two different input filter structures. A state average model of the whole system, assuming a constant power load, is proposed. The stability of the system is evaluated by analyzing the migration of eigenvalues of the system, which is linearized around the operating point. The analytical approach allows the determination of relationships showing the maximum output power of the matrix converter as function of the parameters of power supply and input filter. Theoretical considerations are supported by simulation results.
Intervenção educativa em saúde nutricional para educadores infantis da rede pública: um estudo avaliativo

O objetivo do estudo é realizar um programa de treinamento e formação nutricional, direcionado aos educadores infantis de uma Rede Municipal de Educação Infantil, quanto às práticas alimentares e alimentação escolar, avaliando sua eficácia e verificando possíveis associações com a escolaridade destes educadores infantis. Trata-se de um estudo pré-experimental, do tipo pré-teste e pós-teste, realizado sem grupo de controlo. A amostra foi composta por 224 educadores infantis provenientes de 15 Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil, os quais participaram de um Curso de Promoção da Saúde e Prática Pedagógica na Educação Infantil, composto por dois módulos. Dados sociodemográficos, realização de atividade física e dados antropométricos foram informados via aplicação de questionário. Utilizou-se um Questionário de Conhecimento Nutricional para a mensuração do conhecimento em nutrição dos indivíduos e para a avaliação de aquisição de conhecimento, após Intervenção Nutricional, um questionário em escala Likert. Os dados foram analisados, considerando p < 0,05. O escore médio de conhecimento nutricional pré-intervenção educativa foi de 8,1±2,0 pontos, observando predominância de moderado conhecimento nutricional entre os educadores infantis (68%). Por meio do teste t pareado, observou-se diferença (p < 0,001) entre as notas médias após (5,07) e antes (3,4) do programa de intervenção nutricional, sem, contudo, haver diferença entre a estratificação escolar dos participantes (valor-p = 0,26). O programa de intervenção alimentar e nutricional proposto demonstrou-se simples e eficaz para a melhoria do conhecimento sobre alimentação e nutrição dos educadores infantis.
Phylogenetic multilevel meta‐analysis: A simulation study on the importance of modelling the phylogeny

Meta‐analyses in ecology and evolution require special attention due to certain study characteristics in these fields. First, the primary articles in these fields usually report results that are observed from studies conducted with different species, and the phylogeny among the species violates the independence assumption. Second, articles frequently allow the computation of multiple effect sizes which cannot be accounted for by conventional meta‐analytic models. While both issues can be dealt with by utilizing a multilevel model that accounts for phylogeny, the performance of such a model has not been examined extensively. In this article, we investigate the performance of this model in comparison with some simpler models. We conducted an extensive simulation study where data with different hierarchical structures (in terms of study and species levels) were generated and then various models were fitted to examine their performance. The models we used include the conventional random effects and multilevel random‐effects models along with more complex multilevel models that account for species‐level variance with different variance components. Furthermore, we present an illustrative application of these models based on the data from a meta‐analysis on sizeassortative mating and comment on the results in light of the findings from the simulation study. Our simulation results show that, when the phylogenetic relationships among the species are at least moderately strong, only the most complex model that decomposes the species‐level variance into nonphylogenetic and phylogenetic components provides approximately unbiased estimates of the overall mean and variance components and yields confidence intervals with an approximately nominal coverage rate. Contrarily, removing the phylogenetic or non‐phylogenetic component leads to biased variance component estimates and an increased risk for incorrect inferences about the overall mean. These findings are supported by the results derived from the illustrative application. Based on our results, we suggest that meta‐analyses in ecology and evolution should use the model that accounts for both the nonphylogenetic and phylogenetic species‐level variance in addition to the multilevel structure of the data. Any attempts to simplify this model, such as using only the phylogenetic variance component, may lead to erroneous inferences from the data.
Low fuel consumption and low emissions~Electromechanical valve train in vehicle operation

The electromechanical valve train (EMV) technology allows for a reduction in fuel consumption while operating under a stoichiometric air~fuel~ratio and preserves the ability to use conventional exhaust gas aftertreatment technology with a 3-way-catalyst. Compared with an engine with a camshaft-driven valve train. the variable valve timing concept makes possible an additional optimization of cold start, warm-up and transient operation. In contrast with the conventionally throttled engine. optimized control of load and in-cylinder gas movement can be used for each individual cylinder and engine cycle. A load control strategy using a "Late Intake Valve Open" (LIO) provides a reduction in start-up HC emissions of approximately 60%. Due to reduced wall-wetting. the LIO control strategy improves the transition from start to idle. "Late Exhaust Valve Open" (LEO) timing during the exhaust stroke leads to exhaust gas atierburning and. thereby. results in high exhaust gas temperatures and low HC emissions. Vehicle investigations have demonstrated an improved accuracy of the air-fuel-ratio during transient operation. Results in the New European Driving Cycle have confirmed a reduction in fuel consumption of more than 15%, while meeting EURO IV emission limits.
Maximum unconstrained loadability of power systems

It is shown that the maximum loadability of a power system depends on the allocation of load and generation. For a given load distribution by percentage and constant power factor, the maximum can be described by a scalar. The maximum value of this scalar depends on the generation scheduling. It is shown how the maximum loadability can be computed when there are no inequality constraints on the generation scheduling, line flows, or bus voltages. As in load flow, the set of nonlinear equations used does not have a unique solution. Further work is needed to see how the initial guess affects the solution. <<ETX>>
Some aspects of structural modelling and restoring stiffness in hydroelastic analysis of large container ships

The increase in world trade has largely contributed to the expansion of sea traffic. As a result, the market demand is leading to ultra-large container ships (ULCS), with expected capacity up to 18,000 TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit) and length about 400 m, without changes in the operational requirements (speed up to 27 knots). The particular structural design of the container ships leads to open midship sections, resulting in increased sensitivity to torsional and horizontal bending loads that is much more complex to model numerically. At the same time, due to their large dimensions, the structural natural frequencies of ULCS become significantly lower so that the global hydroelastic structural responses (springing and whipping) can become a critical issue in the ship design and should be properly modelled by the simulation tools since the present classification rules do not cover described operating stages completely. There are several research projects worldwide aiming at solving this problem, and one of them is the EU FP7 project TULCS (tools for ultra-large container ships) for development of the integrated design tools, based on numerical procedures, model tests and full-scale measurements. This paper is based on research activities and results of the project, with particular emphasis on the part that deals with global hydroelastic loading and response. Special attention is paid to beam structural model based on the advanced beam theory. It includes shear influence on bending and torsion, contribution of transverse bulkheads to hull stiffness and an appropriate modelling of relatively short engine room structure of ULCS. Along with that, a hydrodynamic model is presented in a condensed form. Further on, a fully consistent formulation of restoring stiffness, which plays an important role in the hydrostatic model, is described. Theoretical contributions are illustrated within the numerical example, which includes a complete hydroelastic analysis of an 11,400 TEU container ship. In this case, validation of the one-dimensional (1D) finite-element method (FEM) model is done by a correlation analysis with the vibration response of the fine three-dimensional (3D) FEM model. The procedure related to determination of engine room effective stiffness is checked by a 3D FEM analysis of a ship-like pontoon, which has been made according to the 7800 TEU container ship properties. The obtained results confirm that the sophisticated beam model is a very useful numerical tool for the designer and represents a reasonable choice for determining wave load effects on ULCS, in preliminary design stage.
Electromagnetic - Electromechanical Transient Hybrid Simulation of Deyang-Baoji HVDC System Based on ADPSS

three kinds of digital programs used in power system simulation are summarized in this paper. The electromagnetic and electromechanical transient simulation software ADPSS is introduced. Electromagnetic transient simulation, electromechanical transient simulation and electromagnetic-electromechanical transient hybrid simulation are performed respectively on Deyang-Baoji ±500KV HVDC system. The simulation result shows that the electromagnetic-electromechanical transient hybrid simulation has the advantage of electromagnetic transient simulation and electromechanical transient simulation. It can effectively analyze the process of the local electromagnetic transient in large-scale grid. The simulation speed is fast and the result is accurate and reliable.