Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parent–Child Drug Communication: Pathway From Parents' Ad Exposure to Youth's Marijuana Use Intention

The authors combined the 2-step flow of communication model and the theory of planned behavior to create a framework to evaluate the effectiveness of a set of advertisements from the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign promoting parent–child drug communication. The sample consisted of 1,349 pairs of parents and children who responded to the first and second annual rounds of the National Survey of Parents and Youth, and 1,276 pairs from Rounds 3 and 4. Parents' exposure to the campaign reported at Round 1 was indirectly associated with youth's lowered intentions to use marijuana at Round 2. Ad exposure was associated with positive changes in parental attitudes toward drug communication and perceived social approval of antidrug communications. These two beliefs, along with perceived behavioral control, predicted parents' intentions to discuss drugs with their children. Parental intentions to discuss drugs reported at Round 1 were associated with youth's report of actual drug communication with their parents at Round 2. Frequency and breadth of the topics in parent–child drug communication were associated with less positive attitudes toward marijuana use among youth who spoke with their parents. Together, the child's attitudes toward marijuana use and perceived ability to refuse marijuana use predicted youth's intentions to use marijuana. The proposed model fit well with the data and was replicated in a parallel analysis of the data from Rounds 3 and 4. Implications for future antidrug media campaign efforts are discussed.
Conformational sampling by NMR solution structures calculated with the program DIANA evaluated by comparison with long‐time molecular dynamics calculations in explicit water

The NMR solution structure of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) obtained by distance geometry calculations with the program DIANA is compared with groups of conformers generated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in explicit water at ambient temperature and pressure. The MD simulations started from a single conformer and were free or restrained either by the experimental NOE distance restraints or by time‐averaged restraints; the groups of conformers were collected either in 10 ps intervals during 200 ps periods of simulation, or in 50 ps intervals during a 1 ns period of simulation. Overall, these comparisons show that the standard protein structure determination protocol with the program DIANA provides a picture of the protein structure that is in agreement with MD simulations using “realistic” potential functions over a nanosecond timescale. For well‐constrained molecular regions there is a trend in the free MD simulation of duration 1 ns that the sampling of the conformation space is slightly increased relative to the DIANA calculations. In contrast, for surface‐exposed side‐chains that are less extensively constrained by the NMR data, the DIANA conformers tend to sample larger regions of conformational space than conformers selected from any of the MD trajectories. Additional insights into the behavior of surface side‐chains come from comparison of the MD runs of 200 ps or 1 ns duration. In this time range the sampling of conformation space by the protein surface depends strongly on the length of the simulation, which indicates that significant side‐chain transitions occur on the nanosecond timescale and that much longer simulations will be needed to obtain statistically significant data on side‐chain dynamics.
Monitoring gene expression of TNFR family members by β‐cells during development of autoimmune diabetes

Autoimmune diabetes results from destruction of pancreatic β‐cells by islet‐infiltrating leukocytes. Different molecular mechanisms seem to be involved in this destruction but the results from many studies have not provided a clear picture so far. Therefore, we have developed a multiplex single‐cell reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to analyze the expression of genes of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family in pancreatic β‐cells during the development of autoimmune diabetes in a TCR‐HA × INS‐HA double transgenic as well as a non‐obese diabetic (NOD) animal model. To this end we have followed the expression of cell surface receptors of the TNFR family in NOD mice as well as in double transgenic mice that express in their T cells class II MHC‐restricted TCR specific for peptide 111 – 119 from influenza hemagglutinin (TCR‐HA) as well as hemagglutinin under the control of the rat insulin promoter (INS‐HA). Both types of mice develop insulitis and diabetes spontaneously. The data show a significant increase in the expression of Fas and TNFR2 (p75) during the development of insulitis, whereas TNFR1 (p55) is already expressed in β‐cells before the onset of insulitis. As ligands for these receptors are already expressed at high levels during the phase of insulitis, it is possible that β‐cell death is regulated by intracellular inhibitors of apoptosis pathways.
Vascular Endostapling Systems for Vascular Endografts (T)EVAR—Systematic Review—Current State

Purpose: Recently, vascular endostapling systems were developed to achieve better sealing at the proximal neck of the aneurysm and to prevent endograft migration. The purpose of this study was to provide a systematic review about the current state and possible options of vascular endostapling systems. Results: No randomized controlled trials were published. The results showed that the use of an endostaple system considerably reduced the rates of endoleaks type 1a and endograft migration. Regarding the use of endostaples in different types of endografts, only a few results were available. Conclusion: The results are not conclusive. With endostaple systems, patients with difficult anatomic features and high risk can potentially be treated. These systems might reduce the high reintervention rates after endovascular aneurysm repair. Controlled randomized trials with larger number of patients are warranted with endostapling use in primary endograft implantation and for use in reintervention for late endoleaks or endograft migrations.
Serum BAFF is elevated in patients with IgA nephropathy and associated with clinical and histopathological features.

BACKGROUND B-cell-activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) has been found to have the function of activating B cells and participating in the class switching of B cells; however, its clinical application needs further study. In the present study, the serum BAFF levels of patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) with different histopathological phenotypes were measured. METHODS Levels of serum BAFF in 153 patients with IgAN, 55 healthy controls and 20 disease controls were recorded using commercially available ELISA kits. Their correlations with clinical and histopathological features of patients with IgAN were further evaluated. RESULTS Levels of serum BAFF in patients with IgAN were significantly higher than in controls. Serum BAFF levels were significantly higher in patients with mesangial hypercellularity and segmental glomerulosclerosis than in those without. Serum BAFF levels were associated with the severity of tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis. Serum BAFF levels were significantly positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine. Patients with elevated serum BAFF levels showed significantly greater severity in clinical and histopathological stages. CONCLUSION Levels of serum BAFF were elevated in patients with IgAN and were associated with clinical and pathological features of the disease. Serum BAFF levels could be a noninvasive biomarker for monitoring disease severity of IgAN.
Deletion of Gas2l3 in mice leads to specific defects in cardiomyocyte cytokinesis during development

Significance Here, we demonstrate that mice lacking GAS2L3, a cytoskeleton-associated protein that interacts with actin filaments and tubulin, develop cardiomyopathy and heart failure after birth. During embryogenesis, cardiomyocytes rapidly divide. In the perinatal and neonatal period, cardiomyocytes withdraw from the cell cycle, binucleate, and the further increase in cardiac mass is achieved by hypertrophy. Germ-line deletion of Gas2l3 results in decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation and in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Embryonal cardiomyocytes from Gas2l3-deficient mice exhibit increased expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and display premature binucleation of cardiomyocytes due to defects in cytokinetic abscission. Together these results suggest that GAS2L3 plays a central role in cardiomyocyte proliferation and cytokinesis during development. GAS2L3 is a recently identified cytoskeleton-associated protein that interacts with actin filaments and tubulin. The in vivo function of GAS2L3 in mammals remains unknown. Here, we show that mice deficient in GAS2L3 die shortly after birth because of heart failure. Mammalian cardiomyocytes lose the ability to proliferate shortly after birth, and further increase in cardiac mass is achieved by hypertrophy. The proliferation arrest of cardiomyocytes is accompanied by binucleation through incomplete cytokinesis. We observed that GAS2L3 deficiency leads to inhibition of cardiomyocyte proliferation and to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy during embryonic development. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of GAS2L3 confirmed that the phenotype results from the loss of GAS2L3 in cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes from Gas2l3-deficient mice exhibit increased expression of a p53-transcriptional program including the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Furthermore, loss of GAS2L3 results in premature binucleation of cardiomyocytes accompanied by unresolved midbody structures. Together these results suggest that GAS2L3 plays a specific role in cardiomyocyte cytokinesis and proliferation during heart development.
Machine-Level Software Optimization of Cryptographic Protocols

This work explores two methods for practical cryptography on mobile devices. The first method is a quantum-resistant key-exchange protocol proposed by Jao et al. As the use of mobile devices increases, the deployment of practical cryptographic protocols designed for use on these devices is of increasing importance. Furthermore, we are faced with the possible development of a large-scale quantum computer in the near future and must take steps to prepare for this possibility. We describe the key-exchange protocol of Jao et al. and discuss their original implementation. We then describe our modifications to their scheme that make it suitable for use in mobile devices. Our code is between 18–26% faster (depending on the security level). The second is an highly optimized implementation of Miller’s algorithm that efficiently computes the Optimal Ate pairing over Barreto-Naehrig curves proposed by Grewal et al. We give an introduction to cryptographic pairings and describe the Tate pairing and its variants. We then proceed to describe Grewal et al.’s implementation of Miller’s algorithm, along with their optimizations. We describe our use of hand-optimized assembly code to increase the performance of their implementation. For the Optimal Ate pairing over the BN-446 curve, our code is between 7–8% faster depending on whether the pairing uses affine or projective coordinates.
Implementation and maintenance of quality improvement for treating depression in primary care.

OBJECTIVE Little is known about the long-term success of quality improvement efforts for the treatment of depression in primary care. This study assessed factors associated with the successful implementation, maintenance, and spread of such efforts. METHODS The authors conducted an independent process evaluation of data from monthly progress reports and 18-month telephone interviews from multidisciplinary quality improvement teams in 17 diverse primary care organizations that participated in the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Breakthrough Series for Depression from February 2000 through March 2001. RESULTS All sites made changes toward improving care in three of six categories: delivery system redesign, self-management strategies, and information systems. The changes that were most commonly viewed as major successes were delivery system changes (ten sites, or 59 percent) and information system changes (nine sites, or 53 percent); these types of changes were also the most often sustained over time (ten sites, or 59 percent, and 16 sites, or 94 percent, respectively). Fifteen sites made changes in decision support, community linkages, and health system support but were less likely to view these changes as major successes or to sustain them. Organizational structure and leadership support were the most common facilitators. Staff resistance, time constraints, and information technology were the most common barriers. Implementation strategies varied with sets of barriers. CONCLUSIONS Despite substantial challenges, there was evidence of broad success at implementation and maintenance of quality improvement for depression treatment in primary care.
Diminished Susceptibility to Daptomycin Accompanied by Clinical Failure in a Patient With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

We cared for a patient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia who experienced clinical failure with daptomycin. The failure was accompanied by progressive elevation of the daptomycin minimum inhibitory concentration during treatment. DNA fingerprinting confirmed that the minimum inhibitory concentration elevation occurred within the same strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This observation provides important new information to clinicians who adopt this promising drug for treatment of serious infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Alanine Metabolism in the Perfused Rat Liver

We have utilized [15N]alanine or 15NH3 as metabolic tracers in order to identify sources of nitrogen for hepatic ureagenesis in a liver perfusion system. Studies were done in the presence and absence of physiologic concentrations of portal venous ammonia in order to test the hypothesis that, when the NH 4 + :aspartate ratio is >1, increased hepatic proteolysis provides cytoplasmic aspartate in order to support ureagenesis. When 1 mm[15N]alanine was the sole nitrogen source, the amino group was incorporated into both nitrogens of urea and both nitrogens of glutamine. However, when studies were done with 1 mmalanine and 0.3 mm NH4Cl, alanine failed to provide aspartate at a rate that would have detoxified all administered ammonia. Under these circumstances, the presence of ammonia at a physiologic concentration stimulated hepatic proteolysis. In perfusions with alanine alone, ∼400 nmol of nitrogen/min/g liver was needed to satisfy the balance between nitrogen intake and nitrogen output. When the model included alanine and NH4Cl, 1000 nmol of nitrogen/min/g liver were formed from an intra-hepatic source, presumably proteolysis. In this manner, the internal pool provided the cytoplasmic aspartate that allowed the liver to dispose of mitochondrial carbamyl phosphate that was rapidly produced from external ammonia. This information may be relevant to those clinical situations (renal failure, cirrhosis, starvation, low protein diet, and malignancy) when portal venous NH 4 + greatly exceeds the concentration of aspartate. Under these circumstances, the liver must summon internal pools of protein in order to accommodate the ammonia burden.
Simple Approximation of Largest Eigenvalue Distribution in MIMO Channels Under Nakagami-Rice Fading

This paper presents an approximation method of statistical distribution of the largest eigenvalue of i.i. d. (independent and identically distributed) MIMO (multiple input multiple output) channel correlation matrices under Nakagami-Rice fading environment. The equation is actually derived for MIMO Nakagami m fading channel which is known as a good approximation of Nakagami-Rice fading, hence it well approximates the curves of the largest eigenvalue distribution of noncentral Wishart matrices. In the proposed approximation method, MIMO MRC (maximal ratio combining) system is ascribed to SIMO space diversity theory with the same number of branches, and the statistical distribution becomes a monomial gamma distribution. As a result, the derived marginal density function does not contain any special functions, and has a simple monomial gamma form which is suitable for various calculations of performance indices. Through computer simulations, it is shown that the proposed approximation formula is effective and has a better precision than conventional method.
Propylene Glycol In The Treatment Of Ketosis.

Bovine ketosis, as it generally occurs in Ontario, has been described by McIntosh (1) and Henderson (2) in previous reports. Most of the cases occur during the stable feeding period. In dairy cattle practice, many cases are encountered in cows on pasture, usually highly productive cows. In this area a high percentage of ketosis cases occur within 60 days after calving. While a "milk-fever ketosis complex" is found occasionally, it is not the usual syndrome. The "digestive" type is most commonly encountered, while the "nervous" type is relatively infrequent. Highly productive cows are most susceptible to the severe forms of ketosis, especially if these cows have had a long dry period and thus freshen in high condition.
Professional development of nursing in Saudi Arabia.

PURPOSE To describe the development of nursing in Saudi Arabia and to recommend further directions for development of professional nursing in that country. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT A comprehensive needs assessment was performed in 1996 by an on-site consultant to: (a) evaluate the existing nursing system at the ministry, regional, and hospital levels, (b) describe the functional interrelationships of a nursing division within the Ministry of Health, and (c) prepare a work plan outlining the program elements that a nursing division could address to foster high-quality health care in the public sector. METHODS The needs assessment was conducted through direct observation, interviews, and review of existing documents in the Ministry of Health and representative hospitals, health centers, and health institutes. Data were collected about six factors as they pertained to the Ministry of Health Nursing Services: (a) key organizational and managerial activities, (b) the external environment, (c) the social system, (d) employees, (e) nursing services and research, and (f) formal organizational arrangements. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The data showed a young country and an equally young nursing profession struggling to meet the needs of a growing population. The highest priority for the advancement of nursing in Saudi Arabia is the creation of a kingdom-wide system of nurse regulation. Pressing needs include regulation of professional standards, licensure of all nurses practicing in the Kingdom, accreditation of educational programs, and formation of a national nurses association.
of Electronic Texts : A Survey on Electronic Text

Electronic text stylometry is a collection of forensics methods that analyze the writing styles 1 of input electronic texts in order to extract information about authors of the input electronic texts. 2 Such extracted information could be the identity of the authors, or aspects of the authors, such as 3 their gender, age group, ethnicity, etc. This survey paper presents the following contributions: 1) A 4 description of all stylometry problems in probability terms, under a unified notation. To the best 5 of our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive definition to date. 2) A survey of key methods, 6 with a particular attention to data representation (or feature extraction) methods. 3) An evaluation of 7 23, 760 feature extraction methods, which is the most comprehensive evaluation of feature extraction 8 methods in the literature of stylometry to date. The importance of this evaluation is two fold. First, 9 identifying the relative effectiveness of the features (since, currently, many are not evaluated jointly; 10 e.g. syntactic n-grams are not evaluated against k-skip n-grams, and so forth). Second, thanks to 11 our generalizations, we could evaluate novel grams, such as what we name compound grams. 4) 12 The release of our associated Python feature extraction library, namely Fextractor. Essentially, the 13 library generalizes all existing n-gram based feature extraction methods under the at least l-frequent, 14 dir-directed, k-skipped n-grams, and allows grams to be diversely defined, including definitions that 15 are based on high-level grammatical aspects, such as Part of Speech (POS) tags, as well as lower-level 16 ones, such as distribution of function words, word shapes, etc. This makes the library, by far, the 17 most extensive in this domain to date. 5) The construction, evaluation, and release of the first dataset 18 for Emirati social media text. This evaluation represents the first evaluation of author identification 19 against Emirati social media texts. Interestingly, we find that, when using our models and feature 20 extraction library (Fextractor), authors could be identified significantly more accurately than what is 21 reported with similarly sized datasets. The dataset also contains sub-datasets that represent other 22 languages (Dutch, English, Greek and Spanish), and our findings are consistent across them. 23
Sibling incest offenders as a subset of adolescent sex offenders

There is a growing body of literature on sibling-incest offenders. Previous studies have shown that harm caused by sibling sexual abuse parallels that inflicted by fathers and step-fathers and that sibling incest offenders typically perpetrate greater numbers of offence incidents, over a longer period of time than other adolescent sexual offenders. However, despite such research highlighting the serious nature of sibling sexual abuse, sexual assault perpetrated by siblings is often viewed as somehow less serious than other forms of child sexual abuse. This study compared a sample of Queensland sibling-incest offenders with other adolescent sexual offenders on a number of dimensions including offence dynamics, family background and psychological profile. Discussion focuses on the implications of these research findings, including challenges for the professional systems in responding to sibling-incest sexual abuse.
Text-Edge-Box: An Object Proposal Approach for Scene Texts Localization

Text proposal has been gaining interest in recent years due to the great success of object proposal in categoriesindependent object localization. In this paper, we present a novel text-specific proposal technique that provides superior bounding boxes for accurate text localization in scenes. The proposed technique, which we call Text Edge Box (TEB), uses a binary edge map, a gradient map and an orientation map of an image as inputs. Connected components are first found within the binary edge map, which are scored by two proposed low-cue text features that are extracted in the gradient map and the orientation map, respectively. These scores present text probability of connected components and are aggregated in a text edge image. Scene texts proposals are finally generated by grouping the connected components and estimating their likelihood of being words. The proposed TEB has been evaluated on the two public scene text datasets: the Robust Reading Competition 2013 dataset (ICDAR 2013) dataset and the Street View Text (SVT) dataset. Experiments show that the proposed TEB outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques greatly.