Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Densidade fitoplanctônica e estado trófico dos rios Canha e Pariquera- Açu, bacia hidrográfica do rio Ribeira de Iguape, SP, Brasil

Regarding the lack of studies about lotic eutrophication, mainly for tropical rivers, this research aimed to assess the density of phytoplanktonic community of two tropical rivers located in Ribeira do Iguape Watershed (Sao Paulo state, Brazil), Canha and Pariquera-Acu Rivers, based on sampling campaigns in January and April, 2007. These results were compared to the mTSI (mean Trophic State Index) values. This index was originally developed for lentic aquatic systems and its calculus depends on total phosphorous, orthophosphate and chlorophyll-a concentrations in water samples. Comparing mTSI values in all sampling stations with the phytoplankton quantitative results, it was possible to verify that mTSI may overestimate the trophic state of lotic ecosystems, since the phosphorus species that integrate its calculus contributed to an improper augmentation on mTSI, which were incompatible with the real associated biological response. Thus, for April sampling, although mTSI values were higher, in general, phytoplankton density were lower (minimum of 83 indmL-1 for Canha River and of 66 indmL-1 for Pariquera-Acu River). In this case, the high total phosphorous concentrations by themselves were not enough to promote proportional phytoplanktonic growth, which was probably limited by other factors, like water temperature, suspended solids concentration, river discharge and zooplanktonic predation. In January, on the other hand, mTSI values were lower, but total phytoplankton density was higher. For this sampling, the lower orthophosphate concentrations in water pointed phytoplankton assimilation of this nutrient.
Heterochrony and tooth evolution in hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs (Reptilia, Diapsida)

The tooth arrangement of hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs shows clear patterns of morphological derivation, which can be summarized as three main apomorphic trends: the increase in the number of tooth rows lateral to the main maxillary groove, the loss of dental structures (medial groove and lingual teeth) medial to the main maxillary groove, and the loss of dental structures (medial crest and lingual teeth) medial to the main dentary crest. The analysis of these trends from a heterochronic viewpoint reveals that acceleration was the most probable process involved in the increase in number of the lateral maxillary tooth rows, while the loss of the medial structures of the maxilla and dentary seem to be related respectively to neoteny and post-displacement. Both peramorphic and paedomorphic processes are, therefore, thought to have directed the main modifications seen in the tooth arrangement of the hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs. Heterochrony plays an important role in the evolution of the Late Triassic rhynchosaurs, which are differentiated mainly on the basis of their dental morphology.
Performance Analysis of PI Controller and PR Controller Based Three-Phase AC-DC Boost Converter with Space Vector PWM

Three phase Boost rectifiers are utilized as a part of distributed power generation applications such as micro turbines, windmills, fuel cells etc. The controlled and uncontrolled rectifiers are generally non linear in nature. Thus it causes high harmonic content in the line current, reduced power factor, low efficiency, voltage distortion etc. To overcome these disadvantages, Power converters need control techniques. In this research, PI Controller and PR Controller are used to control the DC output voltage generated using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation technique (SVPWM) in three phase Boost rectifier. SVPWM is the special switching sequence is given to the boost rectifier. SVPWM having switch utilization and less harmonic component in the Boost rectifier. The parameters characterizing the power quality such as Total Harmonic Distortion 1 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 118 No. 24 2018 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl. eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl. eu/hub/
Previously spawned Atlantic salmon ascend a large subarctic river earlier than their maiden counterparts

Spawning migration timing of maiden Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and previous spawners was analysed in the catches in 1989-2004 in the large subarctic River Teno in the northernmost parts of Finland and Norway. The hypothesis was that the migration timing of previous spawners and their maiden counterparts is similar, with the migration timing similar between sexes. In most cases, however, previous spawners were observed to migrate into the River Teno and its tributaries earlier than their maiden counterparts. The difference in run timing was especially evident between maiden one-sea-winter (1SW) Atlantic salmon and the corresponding group of previous spawners [1S1, 1 year at sea (1) followed by first spawning (S) and reconditioning period of 1 year (1) at sea and second spawning run] for both sexes in the River Teno and in its two tributaries. The same was also evident between 2SW maiden and 2S1 previous spawning female Atlantic salmon in the River Teno. Females showed earlier spawning migration than males both in previous spawners and maiden Atlantic salmon. Different maiden sea-age classes also showed differences in run timing as multi-sea-winter fish (2-4SW) ascended earlier than 1SW fish but the timing of 1S1 and 2S1 previous spawning females coincided. The results suggest that run timing of Atlantic salmon may not be strictly genetically fixed as previous spawners ascend earlier than they did on their first spawning migration as maiden fish, and indicated that the closeness of the reconditioning area of postspawners to the river of origin resulted in an early ascent. Run timing of different sea-age groups has major management implications if the populations are heavily exploited with numerous fishing methods in different periods of the fishing season, as in the River Teno system.
Ex situ conservation of Dianthus giganteus d'Urv. subsp. banaticus (Heuff.) Tutin by in vitro culture and assessment of somaclonal variability by molecular markers

Ex situ conservation of Dianthus giganteus subsp. banaticus was obtained by in vitro culture on different culture media supplemented with phytohormones. Assessment of somaclonal variability over a period of preservation by in vitro culture is required prior to introduction and acclimatization in natural habitats. In this study we used 2 types of molecular markers, ISSR and multilocus SSR markers, which allow comparison of different alleles, to assess the somaclonal variability of endemic taxa Dianthus giganteus subsp. banaticus after a period of 24 months of preservation by in vitro culture. The assessment of somaclonal variability of D. giganteus subsp. banaticus shows some changes in the absence/presence of certain markers in some individuals.
Effect of the Dietary Ratio of Digestible Energy to Crude Protein on Growth and Feed Conversion in Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under Similar Levels of Daily Protein Consumption

Abstract We evaluated the effect of the dietary ratio of digestible energy (DE) : Crude protein (CP) on growth performance and nutrient utilization in juvenile Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei fed various diets with a constant daily protein input. Juveniles (weight = 0.94 ± 0.04 g [mean ± SE]; n = 30) were stocked in an indoor recirculating-water system (173-L polyethylene tanks; 20 shrimp/tank) and were assigned to four different treatments. Two treatments consisted of 30% and 40% CP diets (30 isoenergetic [ISO]-100% and 40 ISO-75%, respectively) with a constant level of DE (3.28 kcal/g). Two treatments consisted of 30% and 40% CP diets with variable levels of DE (2.70 and 3.6 kcal/g, respectively) that maintained a constant DE : CP ratio of 9 kcal/g of protein (30 ratio [RAT]-100% and 40 RAT-75%, respectively). At the end of the 49-d trial, final weight and weight gain did not differ among the treatments. However, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lower (P < 0.01) for the 40 RAT-75%.
LSMAT Least Squares Medial Axis Transform

The medial axis transform has applications in numerous fields including visualization, computer graphics, and computer vision. Unfortunately, traditional medial axis transformations are usually brittle in the presence of outliers, perturbations and/or noise along the boundary of objects. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a new formulation of the medial axis transform which is naturally robust in the presence of these artefacts. Unlike previous work which has approached the medial axis from a computational geometry angle, we consider it from a numerical optimization perspective. In this work, we follow the definition of the medial axis transform as ‘the set of maximally inscribed spheres’. We show how this definition can be formulated as a least squares relaxation where the transform is obtained by minimizing a continuous optimization problem. The proposed approach is inherently parallelizable by performing independent optimization of each sphere using Gauss–Newton, and its least‐squares form allows it to be significantly more robust compared to traditional computational geometry approaches. Extensive experiments on 2D and 3D objects demonstrate that our method provides superior results to the state of the art on both synthetic and real‐data.
Measurement of Phosphorus Uptake Length in Streams: Comparison of Radiotracer and Stable PO4 Releases

Experimental releases of radiotracer and stable PO4 were conducted on the same or consecutive days in a temperate first-order woodland stream to determine if both techniques resulted in similar measures of PO4 uptake length (Sw). For each set of experiments, Sw measured by radiotracer releases was substantially shorter than Sw measured by stable PO4 releases. For stable PO4 releases, Sw was shorter for releases resulting in small increases in PO4 concentration in water (7–12 μgP/L) than for releases resulting in larger increases in PO4 concentration (84–163 μgP/L). Although the uptake rate of PO4 increased with increasing [PO4] the increase in uptake rate was not sufficient to offset increases in downstream flux of PO4 with stable PO4 additions, thus resulting in longer Sw. A plot of PO4 uptake rate against [PO4] suggested two uptake mechanisms: biologically controlled uptake at low [PO4] that appeared to become saturated at concentrations above approximately 5 μgP/L, and physical/chemical adsorption at h.
How Deep Is Deep Enough? HDDE9-2S A CNN Network With 12 Layers Reached Higher Accuracy In Image Classification

In this paper I studied SfNet further. I reduced layers of SfNet, created a group of networks: HDDE6 series and HDDE9 series. HDDE6-3 and HDDE6-2S have 9 layers, HDDE9-2 has 11 layers, HDDE9-2S and HDDE9-3 have 12 layers. In my experiments on dataset CALTECH-256, compared to SFNet, the classification accuracy of HDDE9-3 increases about 4.35%, the classification accuracy of HDDE9-2 increases about 3.07%, the classification accuracy of HDDE9-2S increases about 5.55%. Compared to VGG-16, the classification accuracy of HDDE9-3 increases from 83.63% to 90.73%, the classification accuracy of HDDE9-2 increases to 89.81%, the classification accuracy of HDDE9-2S increases to 92.28%. For HDDE6 series, features extraction part uses only 1 convolution layer and 5 MixedSCLayers, has much less parameters, running speed is much faster, the accuracy of HDDE6-3 is the same as HDDE9-3's on CALTECH-256. All the improvements are due to the use of Structure Composing Layers.
Isolation and partial characterization of bacteriocin produced from Lactobacillus plantarum

Bacteriocin producing Lactobacillus plantarum strain isolated from marine shrimp (Penaeus monodon) gut, showed broad range of antibacterial activity against some major food born pathogens. Maximum bacteriocin production was observed at 50°C, pH 4 and 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The bacteriocin has purified by ammonium sulphate precipitate and ion exchange (DEAE cellulose) chromatography. Biochemically it was pure protein moiety and the molecular weight was 2.5 KDa based on the plasmid curing experiment, suggesting that the bacteriocin was a plasmid encoded protein molecule. The study revealed the possibility of using bacteriocin as a food preservative and the L. plantarum strain as probiotic.
Use of the furoxan (1,2,5-oxadiazole 2-oxide) system in the design of new NO-donor antioxidant hybrids

The design, the synthesis and the study of the antioxidant and vasodilating properties of new hybrids obtained by linking different antioxidant phenolic moieties to the furoxan substructure present in CHF2363, which can release nitric oxide, are described. All the final NO-phenols were endowed with both antioxidant and vasodilating properties. The antioxidant activities were assessed on the ferrous salt/ascorbate induced autooxidation of lipids present in microsomial membranes of rat hepatocytes. The vasodilating activities were assessed on rat aorta strips precontracted with phenylephrine, in the presence and absence of ODQ. The antioxidant potencies (IC50 values) and the vasodilating potencies (EC50 values) were widely modulated into the series. Further in vivo studies should clarify whether these products may become preclinical candidates for the treatment of atherosclerosis and related disorders.
Binging

peer or colleague relations develop, in other situations, students control teachers. Above all, we must recognize the developing character of these relations, characterized by llux and situational redefinition (peer, 1 ~)O8 ). In the broadest sensed, all interaction is cducutional, but in schools we deliberately attempt to change people. As mechanisms of social control, schools and training evaluate, punish, and reward. In this paper, I show how such mechanisms of control vary with the relations of participants in different t
New Targets for Antibacterial Agents

The alarming increase and spread of resistance among emerging and re-emerging bacterial pathogens to all clinically useful antibiotics is one of the most serious public health problems of the last decade. Thus, the search for new antibacterials directed toward new targets is not only a continuous process but also, at this time, an urgent necessity. Recent advances in molecular biological technologies have significantly increased the ability to discover new antibacterial targets and quickly predict their spectrum and selectivity. The most extensively evaluated bacterial targets for drug development are: quorum sensor biosynthesis; the two component signal transduction(TCST) systems; bacteria division machinery; the shikimate pathway; isoprenoid biosynthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis. Key words:
Association analysis of aquaporin 7 (AQP7) gene variants with semen quality and fertility in bulls

Aquaporin 7 (AQP7) gene as a candidate Antifreeze gene was investigated and associated with fresh and frozen semen quality traits in 45 Simmental and Charolais bulls. PCR-SSCP, PCR-RFLP, and sequencing method were employed to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the AQP7 gene. Two mutations, A264G and G371C, were identified. The allele frequencies were A (0.97, 0.96) to B (0.03, 0.04) and C (0.97, 0.91) to D (0.03, 0.09) in Simmental and Charolais bulls, respectively. A264G substitution was significantly associated with acrosome integrity ratio (P < 0.01) and motility (P < 0.05) in frozen semen. Meanwhile, G371C substitution was significantly associated with acrosome integrity ratio (P < 0.05), percentages of viable sperm (P < 0.05), and motility (P < 0.01) in frozen semen. The results prove that AQP7 gene SNPs are useful for marker-assisted selection in early seed selection in the bull industry.
Secure message routing in structured peer-to-peer networks

"Due to the lack of a centralized server in “Peer-to-Peer” (P2P) networks, users are responsible for the security of these networks. One of the security issues in P2P networks is the security of the message routing. Messages could be altered or modified by attackers while being routed. The conventional security method to avoid this has been “Public Key Cryptography” (PKC). To avoid the certificate management issue in PKC, “Identity-based Encryption” (IBE) has been suggested in which any arbitrary string could be used as a public key. Since IBE is a computationally expensive method, current proposed IBE-based methods are not effective in the message routing phase in P2P networks and highly affect the performance of message delivery time in these networks. This thesis proposes two IBE-based protocols that can be applied effectively to the message routing phase of structured P2P networks, yet provide a satisfactory message delivery time performance. Both protocols benefit from Identity-based key exchange scheme and, therefore, none of them impose any extra communication on the network to secure message routing. Protocol 1 significantly improves the performance of message delivery time compared to the current IBE-based proposed methods. Protocol 2, which requires nodes to store data, has a performance similar to the situations in which no security measures are applied for message routing. "
Image Processing on Raspberry Pi Cluster

The development direction of the high-performance computing has been primarily oriented toward improvements in thenumber of computing units, and their better organization and interconnection. The central processing units in modern mainframes arein some cases inadequate for data parallelization, because a large amount of data requires a large number of processing units. Thisproblem can be partially overcome by introducing embedded devices with enough processing power and with smaller power dissipation,but the new problems emerge, specifically the problem of their interconnection in a distributed environment. One of such devices is aRaspberry Pi board, which has four processing cores in the latest revision, and we combined four of such devices in a cluster. Thesedevices are interconnected via Ethernet router and by using MPI interface, they can be programmed to work as a single unit. Wesupplied a set of images that were processed on the cluster and measured its performance.
The duration of the period of hibernation of three species of vespertilionid bats. I. Field studies

The durations of the periods of hibernation of the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), and eastern pipistrelle (Pipistrellus subflavus) under natural conditions were determined by following intracave movements through two winter seasons in two Missouri caves. Average durations of periods of hibernation were similar for all three species (10–20 days) over a range of temperatures. Maximum durations of periods of hibernation determined were as follows: E. fuscus, 72 days; P. subflavus, 111 days (? ); M. lucifugus, 83 days. Variability in the durations of the period of hibernation was much greater for P. subflavus and may be attributable to a lack of movement after arousal or the inability of the observer to discern movement between periods of hibernation. The frequency of arousal was determined to be statistically temperature dependent for M. lucifugus, but not for E. fuscus or P. subflavus, probably because of insufficient data.
Chemical and Ultrastructural Features of the Lichen-volcanic/Sedimentary Rock Interface in a Semiarid Region (Almería, Spain)

Abstract The chemical and ultrastructural features of the interface formed by different biotypes of saxicolous lichen species with their rock substrata were investigated in the semiarid habitat of the SE Iberian Peninsula and the relationships between the bioweathering patterns observed and lichen colonization selectivity towards the different rock substrata evaluated. Xanthoria parietina was able to fix to the rock substratum by the adherence of single cell walls from the lower cortex. Neofuscelia pulla used rhizines and loose groups of hyphae for attachment of the thallus to the rock. Colonization by the foliose lichen species was confined to the rock surface, while Diploschistes diacapsis was also able grow below the surface showing two types of hyphal growth. Minerals in close contact with cell walls were biochemically and biophysically weathered, but hyphae showing calcium oxalate crystals did not appear to be directly involved in the patterns observed. The textural characteristics of the substratum seemed to be related to the type of microorganism colonization: sedimentary rocks were more deeply colonized by lichens and other chasmolithic microorganisms than volcanic material. Calcium oxalate crystals were found in the medulla of N. pulla but not at the lichen-substratum interface. Crustose lichens such as D. diacapsis showed calcium oxalate crystals in the upper cortex and over the outside of fungal medullary hyphae but not in direct contact with the rock surface. Calcium oxalate precipitation seems to be related to the different metabolic activities of the mycobiont within the lichen thallus and to different species. D. diacapsis inhibits the growth of other microorganisms in close proximity to the thallus, whereas foliose species were associated with several communities of microorganisms.
Woody Floristic Composition, Size Class Distribution and Spatial Pattern of a Subtropical Lowland Rainforest at Nanjen Lake, Southernmost Taiwan

A permanent 2.21 ha plot of lowland subtropical rainforest was established at Nanjen Lake of the Nanjenshan Nature Reserve in southern Taiwan. All free-standing woody plants in the plot with DBH ≥ 1 cm were identified, measured, tagged, and mapped. A total of 120 tree species (21,592 stems), belonging to 44 families and 83 genera, was recorded. The community structure was characterized by a relative dominance of Castanopsis carlesii in the canopy, Illicium arborescens in the subcanopy, and Psychotria rubra in the understory. The dominant families were Fagaceae, Illiciaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Lauraceae and Theaceae. However, typical species of lowland area in Taiwan, such as members of Euphorbiaceae and Moraceae, were relatively rare. Thus, floristic composition of this area was comparable with that found in some of the subtropical rain forests or even warm-temperate rain forests of the Central Range in Taiwan. The analysis of size-class distributions of individual species showed good recruitment patterns with a rich sapling bank for each species. TWINSPAN analysis revealed four distinct groups of samples, with the ridge top and northwest streamside plant communities representing two opposite extremes of the gradient. The dominant families of the ridge group were Fagaceae, Illiciaceae, Theaceae, Aquifoliaceae and Lauraceae, whereas those dominating the streamside group were Rubiaceae, Araliceae, Lauraceae, Fagaceae, and Staphyleaceae. Most species had a patchy distribution and many were distributed randomly. Among those with a patchy distribution, Cyclobalanopsis championii and Rhododendron simsii only occurred on the ridge top, while Drypetes karapinensis and Ficus fistulosa occurred along the streamside. Illicium arborescens and Ilex cochinchinensis were commonly distributed on the intermediate slope. Species that appeared to be randomly or near-randomly distributed over the plot included Schefflera octophylla and Daphniphyllum glaucescens ssp. oldhamii. The distribution patterns of species also suggested that there was strong niche differentiation among species. It is found that the community of Nanjenshan forest is organized by different topographic plant associations. Maintenance of tree species diversity in the forests is largely due to differentiated environmental factors related to plot topography.