Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cosmological signature of the SM Higgs instability: gravitational waves

A fundamental property of the Standard Model is that the Higgs potential becomes unstable at large values of the Higgs field. For the current central values of the Higgs and top masses, the instability scale is about 1011 GeV and therefore not accessible by colliders. We show that a possible signature of the Standard Model Higgs instability is the production of gravitational waves sourced by Higgs fluctuations generated during inflation. We fully characterise the two-point correlator of such gravitational waves by computing its amplitude, the frequency at peak, the spectral index, as well as their three-point correlators for various polarisations. We show that, depending on the Higgs and top masses, either LISA or the Einstein Telescope and Advanced-Ligo, could detect such stochastic background of gravitational waves. In this sense, collider and gravitational wave physics can provide fundamental and complementary informations. Furthermore, the consistency relation among the three- and the two-point correlators could provide an efficient tool to ascribe the detected gravitational waves to the Standard Model itself. Since the mechanism described in this paper might also be responsible for the generation of dark matter under the form of primordial black holes, this latter hypothesis may find its confirmation through the detection of gravitational waves.
Observations of a soft X-ray rising loop associated with a type II burst and a coronal mass ejection in the 03 November 2003 X-ray flare

Context. We report observations of a type II burst - the signature of a shock wave - starting at the unusual high frequency of 650 MHz during the 03 November 2003 flare. This flare is associated with the propagation of a soft X-ray coronal loop and with a coronal mass ejection (CME). Aims. We study in this paper the origin of the shock wave in the low corona and present a kinematics analysis of the soft X-ray coronal loop and of the CME observed a few tens of minutes later. Methods. We study in this paper the spatial and temporal relation between the soft X-ray rising loop observed by the GOES soft X-ray Imager
Chondrocyte responses to neurovascular peptides, cytokines, and a 3D environment: focus on ADAMs

Chondrocyte exposure to inflammatory stimuli in several arthritic conditions, including osteoarthritis, results in the well-characterised induction of extracellular matrix (ECM) degrading proteinases, notably members of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin domains (ADAMTS) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) families. Here we briefly review the less-studied a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family of proteinases in chondrocyte and cartilage biology. Following damage, cartilage is exposed to neurovascular peptides, and in this study we hypothesised that substance P and bradykinin, alongside inflammatory cytokines, may modulate chondrocyte steady state messenger RNA levels for the proteolytic ADAM family members as well as for key cytokines and neuropeptides. We compared chondrocytes cultured in both 2-dimensional (2D) and 3D environments and found that 3D culture generally resulted in repression of expression of the genes under investigation, with the exception of anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 (IL10) which was markedly up-regulated in a 3D environment. Substance P and bradykinin had little effect on ADAM family expression but further investigation revealed that a combination of bradykinin and cytokines led to enhanced expression of ADAM28 and a synergistic up-regulation of IL6, also observed under hypoxic conditions. Overall this data reveals wider chondrocyte responses to neurovascular peptides which may have an impact in an osteoarthritis context.
Dynamics of MODIS evapotranspiration in South Africa

This paper describes the dynamics of evapotranspiration (ET) in South Africa using MOD16 ET satellite-derived data, and analyses the inter-dependency of variables used in the ET algorithm of Mu et al. (2011). Annual evapotranspiration is strongly dependent on rainfall and potential evapotranspiration (PET) in 4 climatically different regions of South Africa. Average ET in South Africa (2000–2012) was estimated to be 303 mm·a-1 or 481.4 x 109 m3·a1 (14% of PET and 67% of rainfall), mainly in the form of plant transpiration (T, 53%) and soil evaporation (Soil E, 39%). Evapotranspiration (ET) showed a slight tendency to decrease over the period 2000–2012 in all climatic regions, except in the south of the country (winter rainfall areas), although annual variations in ET resulted in the 13-year trends not being statistically significant. Evapotranspiration (ET) was spatially dependent on PET, T and vapour pressure deficit (VPD), in particular in winter rainfall and arid to semi-arid climatic regions. Assuming an average rainfall of 450 mm·a-1, and considering current best estimates of runoff (9% of rainfall), groundwater recharge (5%) and water withdrawal (2%), MOD16 ET estimates were about 15% short of the water balance closure in South Africa. The ET algorithm can be refined and tested for applications in restricted areas that are spatially heterogeneous and by accounting for soil water supply limiting conditions. Keywords : MOD16, potential evapotranspiration, soil evaporation, transpiration, water balance Erratum for Water SA 41 (1) 79–90, originally published in January 2015: Page 79, line 4 of abstract: '481.4 x 109 m3∙a‐1' should be replaced with '371.6 x 109 m3∙a‐1'. Page 83, left column, last paragraph should read (please note the change in units): 'In absolute terms, MOD16 ET estimated an average water loss to the atmosphere of 371.6 x 109 m3∙a‐1 for the country (Table 1). Assuming an average rainfall of 450 mm∙a‐1, corresponding to 553 x 109 m3∙a‐1, it was calculated that 67% of rainfall water evaporates. It was estimated that runoff is about 50 x 109 m3∙a‐1 or 9% of rainfall (DWAF, 2004) and that groundwater recharge is about 30 x 109 m3∙a‐1 or 5% of rainfall (Vegter, 1995; DWAF, 2005). Frenken (2005) estimated water withdrawal in South Africa to be 12.5 x 109 m3∙a‐1 in 2000. ' Page 87, right column, last paragraph (please note the change in units): '371.6 x 109 mm∙a‐1' should be replaced with '371.6 x 109 m3∙a‐1'.
The Social Impact of a WTO Agreement in Indonesia

Indonesia experienced rapid growth and the expansion of the formal financial sector during the last quarter of the 20th century. Although this tendency was reversed by the shock of the financial crisis that spread throughout Asia in 1997 and 1998, macroeconomic stability has since then been restored, and poverty has been reduced to pre-crisis levels. Poverty reduction remains nevertheless a critical challenge for Indonesia with over 110 million people (53 percent of the population) living on less than $2 a day. The objective of this study is to help identify ways in which the Doha Development Agenda might contribute to further poverty reduction in Indonesia. To provide a good technical basis for answering this question, the authors use an approach that combines a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model with a microsimulation model. This framework is designed to capture important channels through which macroeconomic shocks affect household incomes. It allows making recommendations on specific trade reform options as well as on complementary development policy reforms. The framework presented in this study generates detailed poverty outcomes of trade shocks. Given the magnitude of the shocks examined here and the structural features of the Indonesian economy, only the full liberalization scenario generates significant poverty changes. The authors examine their impact under alternative specifications of the functioning of labor markets. These alternative assumptions generate different results, all of which confirm that the impact of full liberalization on poverty would be beneficial, with wage and employment gains dominating the adverse food price changes that could hurt the poorest households. Two alternative tax replacement schemes are examined. While direct tax replacement appears to be more desirable in terms of efficiency gains and translates into higher poverty reduction, political and practical considerations could lead the Government of Indonesia to choose a replacement scheme through the adjustment of value-added tax rates across nonexempt sectors.
OSMOLYTE ACCUMULATION IN MODERATELY HALOPHILIC BACTERIA IMPROVES SALT TOLERANCE OF CHICKPEA

Salinity results in poor crop yield round the globe. We hypothesized those strategies of endogenous osmolytes proline, glycine betaine and choline accumulation in moderately halophilic bacterial strains Staphylococcus haemolyticus (ST-9) and Bacillus subtilis RH-4 isolated from saline rhizosphere have a role in improving bacterial and plant growth by alleviating salt stress. We checked the effect of varying salt stress (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 M NaCl) on bacterial growth and osmolyte accumulation. The data showed that bacterial growth was affected by increasing salt stress however, cells cultured in the presence of 1.5 M NaCl stress showed higher accumulation of osmolytes. Seeds of Cicer arietinum Var. CM 98 were inoculated and grown up to full maturity at different salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 200 mM NaCl) in wire house under full sunlight. Inoculated plants showed significantly improved plant growth (germination, length, chlorophyll contents, total soluble sugars and protein content) and accumulation of endogenous osmolytes at 200 mM NaCl stress as compared to uninoculated control plants. We concluded that increased osmolyte accumulation can overturn the negative effects of high osmolarity in bacteria and plants. Both strains can be effectively used as bio inoculants for improving Cicer arietinum Var. CM98 growth under salt stress.
A review of psychological momentum in sports: why qualitative research is needed

Despite considerable research into psychological momentum in sports, researchers and theorists still appear to be divided on whether the concept is real or illusionary (Burke, Edwards, Weigard & Weinberg, 1997). This seems to be based on inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between perceived momentum and actual performance. Researchers have predominantly employed quantitative approaches, which, it is argued, has limited the development of knowledge. Through a review of previous literature, this paper proposes that qualitative investigations are needed in order for a more comprehensive understanding of the concept to be achieved. Future researchers are encouraged to focus on athletes’ experiences and employ qualitative methods to i) develop a clearer conceptualization of psychological momentum, ii) examine athletes perceived experiences of psychological momentum - including momentum starters, iii) explore specific cognitive, affective and behavioral changes associated with experiencing psychological momentum, and iv) use evidence from both qualitative and quantitative studies to critically evaluate the three current conceptual models of psychological momentum.
Structural Change for Growth of Small Agro-Processing Firm: A Case of Morogoro and Mbeya, Tanzania

The growth of small agro-processing firms in Mbeya and Morogoro regions was regarded the same with similar factors. This could not be true due to extent of factors affecting growth of value of processed products being different. This study therefore tested for structural change for growth of small agro-processing firms in Mbeya and Morogoro Tanzania. The study used time series data from TRA and SIDO. Results showed that, there are differences of extents of factors affecting growth of small agro-processing firms between Mbeya and Morogoro, Tanzania. This paper therefore recommends that, the government and other stakeholders should note the differences of factors affecting growth of small agro-processing firms from one region to other hence addressing the growth problems of small agro-processing firms according to the extents of effects caused by each factor.
Raga Identification using Repetitive Note Patterns from prescriptive notations of Carnatic Music

Carnatic music, a form of Indian Art Music, has relied on an oral tradition for transferring knowledge across several generations. Over the last two hundred years, the use of prescriptive notations has been adopted for learning, sight-playing and sight-singing. Prescriptive notations offer generic guidelines for a raga rendition and do not include information about the ornamentations or the gamakas, which are considered to be critical for characterizing a raga. In this paper, we show that prescriptive notations contain raga attributes and can reliably identify a raga of Carnatic music from its octave-folded prescriptive notations. We restrict the notations to 7 notes and suppress the finer note position information. A dictionary based approach captures the statistics of repetitive note patterns within a raga notation. The proposed stochastic models of repetitive note patterns (or SMRNP in short) obtained from raga notations of known compositions, outperforms the state of the art melody based raga identification technique on an equivalent melodic data corresponding to the same compositions. This in turn shows that for Carnatic music, the note transitions and movements have a greater role in defining the raga structure than the exact note positions.
Mathematical simulation of heat transfer in surface soil layer at forest fire influence in three-dimension statement

Mathematical simulation of non-stationary conductive heat transfer in volume with the local centre of ignition is spent. Fields of temperatures during the different periods of time on soil section are obtained. The problem is considered in three-dimensional statement. It is used finite difference method to decision of a problem. Results of the comparative analysis of the decision of two-dimensional and three-dimensional models are presented.
The Fermi–Hubbard model at unitarity

We simulate the dilute attractive Fermi–Hubbard model in the unitarity regime using a diagrammatic determinant Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm with worm-type updates. We obtain the dependence of the critical temperature on the filling factor ν and, by extrapolating to ν → 0, determine the universal critical temperature of the continuum unitary Fermi gas in units of Fermi energy: Tc/εF = 0.152(7). We also determine the thermodynamic functions and show how the MC results can be used for accurate thermometry of a trapped unitary gas.
Comparison of Platelet CD Markers between Normal Individuals and Untreated Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Micro and macro vascular complications are associated with diabetes mellitus. Purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the platelet CD markers between normal individuals and untreated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using flow cytometry. Methods: A total of 107 individuals [32 normal and 75 diabetics] were recruited in this study. Complete blood counts, random and fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile and platelets flow cytometry were determined of all blood samples. Results: In normal individuals and in patients with untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus, comparison of platelet markers CD41 and CD61 at rest and after activation with ADP did not show any statistical difference in their mean % fluorescence positivity. Number of CD63 and CD62p positive platelets increased with a p value of 0.001 in normal individuals and in patients with untreated type 2 diabetes after activation with ADP compared with their resting states. Conclusion: Upon platelet activation with ADP, positivity of CD63 and CD62p was increased in normal individuals. CD63 and CD62p positivity was also increased in patients platelets after activation with ADP. Increase in the mean % positivity of CD63 and CD62p was however more in diabetics as compared with normal individuals.
The Design of a Hybrid Exoskeleton for Distal Arm Rehabilitation

An electrical actuated exoskeleton based on a hybrid mechanism is presented for the rehabilitation of elbow, forearm and wrist after fracture or contusion. It is comprised of a parallel 2-URR/RRU mechanism for elbow and wrist and a revolute joint for forearm. Based on screw theory the mobility of 2-URR/RRU is analyzed. The output revolute axes of 2-URR/RRU are perpendicular to each other and the distance between them is adjustable which makes it suitable for different arm length. The inverse kinematics of 2-URR/RRU mechanism are derived for position control. In the aspect of mechanical design, it is actuated by DC steering engines and a three dimensional force sensor is used to regulate the contact forces between patient and robot. Its height and angle are both adjustable by hand to enable the patient have a comfortable posture during the rehabilitation sessions. It can realize rehabilitation exercise for each joint and the ranges of motion meet the rehabilitation demands of daily living.
Coupled open innovation and innovation performance outcomes: Roles of absorptive capacity

A recent paradigm for firms to solve problems is searching boundary-spanning solutions, a process known as open innovation. Among the different types of open innovation, the coupled approach is the most typical and challenging approach. Based on the organization search theory, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of coupled open innovation and its relationship with absorptive capacity and innovation outcomes. We ask whether coupled open innovation leads to innovation and how the two dimensions of absorptive capacity - potential and realized absorptive capacity - facilitate this process to increase performance. We employ survey data, annual reports and financial data for 216 Taiwanese high-tech firms to test the research hypotheses. The results show that coupled open innovation is positively associated with incremental performance outcomes but not with radical outcomes. Regarding the role of absorptive capacity, potential absorptive capacity strengthens the positive relationship between coupled open innovation and incremental performance, while realized absorptive capacity strengthens the coupled open innovation- radical performance relationship. This study contributes to organizational search theory by connecting the dynamic capability view of absorptive capacity with open innovation research. Practical implications are also provided.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: the different quenching histories of fast and slow rotators

Do the theorised different formation mechanisms of fast and slow rotators produce an observable difference in their star formation histories? To study this we identify quenching slow rotators in the MaNGA sample by selecting those which lie below the star forming sequence and identify a sample of quenching fast rotators which were matched in stellar mass. This results in a total sample of 194 kinematically classified galaxies, which is agnostic to visual morphology. We use u-r and NUV-u colours from SDSS and GALEX and an existing inference package, STARPY, to conduct a first look at the onset time and exponentially declining rate of quenching of these galaxies. An Anderson-Darling test on the distribution of the inferred quenching rates across the two kinematic populations reveals they are statistically distinguishable ($3.2\sigma$). We find that fast rotators quench at a much wider range of rates than slow rotators, consistent with a wide variety of physical processes such as secular evolution, minor mergers, gas accretion and environmentally driven mechanisms. Quenching is more likely to occur at rapid rates ($\tau \lesssim 1~\rm{Gyr}$) for slow rotators, in agreement with theories suggesting slow rotators are formed in dynamically fast processes, such as major mergers. Interestingly, we also find that a subset of the fast rotators quench at these same rapid rates as the bulk of the slow rotator sample. We therefore discuss how the total gas mass of a merger, rather than the merger mass ratio, may decide a galaxy's ultimate kinematic fate.
THREE DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE VffiRA TION CHARACfERISTICS OF PIEZOELECfRIC DISCS

The vibration characteristics of piezoelectric discs with different D! f ratios have been studied by finite element analysis and experimental measurement. It has been shown that the resonant frequencies and their corresponding mode shapes are much more complicated than is assumed in one dimensional theory. There are a large number of resonant modes in the frequency range of interest, which have been classified into five groups according to their mode shapes: the radial modes (R), the edge mode (E), the thickness shear modes (TS), the thickness extensional modes (TE) and the high frequency radial modes (A). The thickness modes have characteristics seen both in high order radial modes and in the through thickness motion (piston motion) assumed by the one dimensional theory. The finite element predictions of the electrical impedance characteristics agreed well with the experimental measurements.
Effective Removal of Anionic Dye by Ni-Zn-Cr-Ldhs Prepared from Electroplating Wastewater via Accelerated Carbonation

A novel Layered double hydroxide (LDH) was synthesized by accelerated carbonation in Ni-Zn-Cr-bearing wastewater for dye removal from aqueous solution. The obtained Ni-Zn-Cr-LDHs materials were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and BET surface area techniques. The removal of a dye, Acid Scarlet GR (GR), from aqueous solution onto the synthesized Ni-Zn-Cr-LDHs products was studied under varying conditions of pH, adsorbent dose and contact time. The maximum adsorption amount of GR was 122 mg/g LDH at 298 K and slight increased with temperature increasing. The adsorption isotherms were well fitted by the Langmuir equation, and the adsorption capacity increased with rising temperature. The adsorption kinetics of GR onto Ni-Zn-Cr-LDH could be described by the intra-particle diffusion model. The experimental results indicate that Ni-Zn-Cr-LDHs will be an efficient adsorbent for removing anionic dye wastewater.
Radiation-pressure-driven sub-Keplerian rotation of the disc around the AGB star L 2 Pup

We study the sub-Keplerian rotation and dust content of the circumstellar material around the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star L$_2$ Puppis. We find that the thermal pressure gradient alone cannot explain the observed rotation profile. We find that there is a family of possible dust populations for which radiation pressure can drive the observed sub-Keplerian rotation. This set of solutions is further constrained by the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the system, and we find that a dust-to-gas mass ratio of $\sim10^{-3}$ and a maximum grain size that decreases radially outwards can satisfy both the rotation curve and SED. These dust populations are dynamically tightly coupled to the gas azimuthally. However grains larger than $\sim0.5\mu$m are driven outward radially by radiation pressure at velocities $\sim5$kms$^{-1}$, which implies a dust replenishment rate of $\sim3\times10^{-9}$M$_\odot$yr$^{-1}$. This replenishment rate is consistent with observational estimates to within uncertainties. Coupling between the radial motion of the dust and gas is weak and hence the gas does not share in this rapid outward motion. Overall we conclude that radiation pressure is a capable and necessary mechanism to explain the observed rotation profile of L$_2$ Pup, and offers other additional constraints on the dust properties.