Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CD8 T Cells Are Involved in Skeletal Muscle Regeneration through Facilitating MCP-1 Secretion and Gr1high Macrophage Infiltration

Inflammatory microenvironments play a key role in skeletal muscle regeneration. The infiltration of CD8 T cells into injured muscle has been reported. However, the role of CD8 T cells during skeletal muscle regeneration remains unclear. In this study, we used cardiotoxin-induced mouse skeletal muscle injury/regeneration model to investigate the role of CD8 T cells. Muscle regeneration was impaired and matrix deposit was increased in CD8α-deficient mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice whose CD8 T cells were infiltrated into damaged muscle after cardiotoxin injection. Adoptive transfer of CD8 T cells to CD8α-deficient mice improved muscle regeneration and inhibited matrix remodeling. Compared with WT mice, CD8α deficiency limited the recruitment of Gr1high macrophages (MPs) into muscle, resulting in the reduction of satellite cell number. The expression of MCP-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), which regulates the migration of Gr1high MPs, was reduced in CD8α-deficient mice compared with WT mice. Coculture CD8 T cells with MPs promoted MCP-1 secretion. The i.m. injection of MCP-1 markedly promoted the recruitment of Gr1high MPs and improved muscle regeneration in CD8α-deficient mice. We conclude that CD8 T cells are involved in skeletal muscle regeneration by regulating the secretion of MCP-1 to recruit Gr1high MPs, which facilitate myoblast proliferation.
Optical reprogramming of human somatic cells using ultrashort Bessel-shaped near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses

Abstract. We report a virus-free optical approach to human cell reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells with low-power nanoporation using ultrashort Bessel-shaped laser pulses. Picojoule near-infrared sub-20 fs laser pulses at a high 85 MHz repetition frequency are employed to generate transient nanopores in the membrane of dermal fibroblasts for the introduction of four transcription factors to induce the reprogramming process. In contrast to conventional approaches which utilize retro- or lentiviruses to deliver genes or transcription factors into the host genome, the laser method is virus-free; hence, the risk of virus-induced cancer generation limiting clinical application is avoided.
A Wiki Service for Investment Knowledge Management

There are many methodologies and theories developed for financial investment analysis. Nevertheless, financial analysts tend to adopt their proprietary models and systems to carry out financial investment analysis in practice. To advance both theories and practices in the financial investment domain, a knowledge management (KM) service is highly desirable to enable analysts, academics, and public investors to share their investment knowledge. This paper illustrates the design and development of a Wiki-based investment knowledge management service which supports moderated sharing of structured and unstructured investment knowledge to facilitate investment decision making for both financial analysts and the general public. Our initial usability study shows that the proposed Wiki-based investment knowledge management service is promising.
Low Other-Regard and Adolescent Addiction

ABSTRACT Although 12-step literature posits inconsiderate behaviors to characterize alcoholics and addicts, there is little data to support this association among adolescent populations. Using a matched-pair study design with 579 youths ages 14 to 18 (52% female, 30% minority), a significant, dose-response relationship was found between greater alcohol and drug use severity and increased likelihood of driving under the influence, having unprotected sex with and without a history of sexually transmitted incidence, and low volunteerism among boys. Findings suggest that alcohol and drug use severity is associated with poor awareness of the impact of behaviors on others.
Sexual Goals, Plans, and Actions: Toward a Sexual Script Emerging Adults Use to Delay or Abstain from Sexual Intercourse

This mixed-methods study of emerging adults investigates the messages asserted to delay or abstain from sexual intercourse. Goals-plans-action theory and sexual script theory inform the investigation of 192 survey participants and 27 interview participants. Results confirm that when emerging adults aspire to abstain or delay from intercourse, they enact a sexual script that includes communicative actions taken to reach their goal during conversations. This study identifies phrases used to initiate a conversation, recommends the inclusion of a rationale, provides the primary and secondary goals that inform message construction, and shows three primary ways conversations unfold.
Connecting the World of Embedded Mobiles: The RIOT Approach to Ubiquitous Networking for the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly evolving based on low-power compliant protocol standards that extend the Internet into the embedded world. Pioneering implementations have proven it is feasible to inter-network very constrained devices, but had to rely on peculiar cross-layered designs and offer a minimalistic set of features. In the long run, however, professional use and massive deployment of IoT devices require full-featured, cleanly composed, and flexible network stacks. This paper introduces the networking architecture that turns RIOT into a powerful IoT system, to enable low-power wireless scenarios. RIOT networking offers (i) a modular architecture with generic interfaces for plugging in drivers, protocols, or entire stacks, (ii) support for multiple heterogeneous interfaces and stacks that can concurrently operate, and (iii) GNRC, its cleanly layered, recursively composed default network stack. We contribute an in-depth analysis of the communication performance and resource efficiency of RIOT, both on a micro-benchmarking level as well as by comparing IoT communication across different platforms. Our findings show that, though it is based on significantly different design trade-offs, the networking subsystem of RIOT achieves a performance equivalent to that of Contiki and TinyOS, the two operating systems which pioneered IoT software platforms.
A New Self-Boosting Phenomenon by Soure/Drain Depletion Cut-off in NAND Flash Memory

A new self-boosting phenomenon is observed in 51 nm NAND flash devices. The authors have modeled and named this observation 'local self-boosting by source/drain depletion cutoff, a result of low net N-type dopant in the source/drain region. As cell-to-cell design rules shrink into the 50-nm range, channel dopant is increased to reduce short-channel effects while implantation-related source/drain dopant scattering increases. These factors combine to reduce net source/drain dopant levels and junction depth. Simulation results show that the source/drain region is fully depleted when a programming voltage (Vpgm) of 20 V is applied to unselected cells even at pass-voltage (Vpass) values as low as IV. As the boosting efficiency by source/drain depletion cut-off is higher than that of conventional boosting methods, this phenomenon may be used to obtain sufficient Vpass window margin required for advanced multi-level cell (MLC) applications.
Lithium Increases Susceptibility of Muscle Glucose Transport to Stimulation by Various Agents

Lithium is thought to have an insulin-like effect on glucose transport and metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. However, we found that lithium had only a minimal effect on basal glucose transport activity in rat epitrochlearis muscles. Instead, lithium markedly increased the sensitivity of glucose transport to insulin, so that the increase in glucose transport activity induced by 300 pM insulin was ∼2.5-fold greater in the presence of lithium than in its absence. Lithium also caused a modest increase in insulin responsiveness. This enhancement of the susceptibility of the glucose transport process to stimulation was not limited to insulin, because lithium induced increases in the susceptibility of glucose transport to stimulation by contractile activity, hypoxia, a phorbol ester, and phospholipase C. Lithium also blunted the activation of glycogen phosphorylase by epinephrine. These effects were not mediated by inhibition of adenylate cyclase, because neither basal- nor epinephrine-stimulated muscle cAMP concentration was affected by lithium treatment. The effects of lithium on glucose transport and metabolism in skeletal muscle are strikingly similar to the persistent effects of exercise. These results support the possibility that lithium might be useful in the treatment of insulin resistance in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Successful school management in contexts with challenges (some lessons from practice)

This article reports data and conclusions on a research project, developed in the triennium 2005-08, under the Socrates-Comenius Programme, with the participation of nine European countries: England, Portugal, Holland, Sweden, Finland, Greece, Poland, Ireland and Spain, which principal objectives are geared to characterize the best practices of leadership in Early Childhood Education centres, Primary schools and Secondary schools, located in urban areas with challenges, and to identify the strategies used by their principals, in order to elaborate materials to facilitate the management of education and schools which can be used to train school leaders in any European country. The project includes thirty-six case studies, four from each participating country. Principals' qualities and their strategies are identified and analyzed from the perspectives of the involved sectors (students, parents, teachers and themselves). The research offers emerging and significant topics, strategies and procedures as well as useful materials for education management, which can be of use in training management teams.
Applications of Immunogold Labeling in Ultrastructural Pathology

This review provides an update on the use of postembedding immunogold labeling, preferentially of the protein A–gold technique, for electron microscopic research in diseased states. In the first part, some helpful antigen recovery techniques for use of immunogold labeling of ultrathin sections prepared from routinely aldehyde (and osmium tetroxide) fixed and conventionally epoxy resin-embedded tissue are cited. In the second part, selected applications for studies of tumor cell surface conjugates, such as polysialic acid in Wilms tumor, proinsulin–insulin conversion in human insulinoma, and the importance of pre-Golgi intermediates for retention of a misfolded polypeptide hormone in a protein misfolding disease, are discussed.
Azotobacter : A Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Used as Biofertilizer

Nitrogen fixation is mainly responsible for improvement of crop yield. In this regard, diazotrophs like Rhizobium, Azotobacter and Azospirillum are important as they enrich nitrogen nutrition in N-deficient soils. Of these, Azotobacter promotes plant growth as well as nitrogen fixation. Thus technology has been developed for making use of Azotobacter biofertilizer for nitrogen and non-nitrogen fixing plants and popularized by educating about their benefits in agriculture to users for practicing integrated nitrogen management. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Multicenter evaluation of the Paragon CZE 2000 capillary zone electrophoresis system for serum protein electrophoresis and monoclonal component typing.

Serum protein electrophoresis and typing of monoclonal components (MCs) are routine but time-consuming and technically demanding assays. We evaluated capillary electrophoresis (Paragon CZE 2000) for automation of the two assays. CZE and cellulose acetate electrophoresis gave similar data on 794 samples. Within-run and between-run CVs were < 2% for albumin and gamma-globulins and 4-7% for alpha 1-, alpha 2-, and beta-globulins. Bilirubin, hemoglobin, triglycerides, and fibrinogen were found not to interfere. No carryover by capillaries was detected. The detection limit for MC was < 0.5 g/L. MC assessment by immunosubtraction on 403 samples identified the monoclonal type in all samples with peak concentrations > 10 g/L; only 50% of MCs that could not be quantified by densitometric scan were typed.
Composite Materials and Films Based on Melanins, Polydopamine, and Other Catecholamine-Based Materials

Polydopamine (PDA) is related to eumelanins in its composition and structure. These pigments allow the design, inspired by natural materials, of composite nanoparticles and films for applications in the field of energy conversion and the design of biomaterials. This short review summarizes the main advances in the design of PDA-based composites with inorganic and organic materials.
Risk factors for early invasive fungal disease in critically ill patients

With regard to methodology why is Leon score preferred over the other scoring systems when it is clear that sensitivity and specificity of these individual scoring systems are quite variable with high negative predictive value but a poor positive predictive value. [2] Even the colonization assessment was not performed according to the study done by Leon et al.[3] Statistical analysis and sample size calculation need to be mentioned in this study. Evidence of fungal UTI based on >104 colonyforming units (CFU)/ml needs to be explained as it is still not clear to differentiate infection from colonization with candiduria which is very common in catheterized urine specimens, and only heavy (>105) colonisation should be considered as a risk factor for invasive candidiasis. [4]
Comparative validity of physical activity measures in older adults.

PURPOSE To compare the validity of various physical activity measures with doubly labeled water (DLW)-measured physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) in free-living older adults. METHODS Fifty-six adults aged ≥65 yr wore three activity monitors (New Lifestyles pedometer, ActiGraph accelerometer, and a SenseWear (SW) armband) during a 10-d free-living period and completed three different surveys (Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS), Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS), and a modified Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (modPASE)). Total energy expenditure was measured using DLW, resting metabolic rate was measured with indirect calorimetry, the thermic effect of food was estimated, and from these, estimates of PAEE were calculated. The degree of linear association between the various measures and PAEE was assessed, as were differences in group PAEE, when estimable by a given measure. RESULTS All three monitors were significantly correlated with PAEE (r=0.48-0.60, P<0.001). Of the questionnaires, only CHAMPS was significantly correlated with PAEE (r=0.28, P=0.04). Statistical comparison of the correlations suggested that the monitors were superior to YPAS and modPASE. Mean squared errors for all correlations were high, and the median PAEE from the different tools was significantly different from DLW for all but the YPAS and regression-estimated PAEE from the ActiGraph. CONCLUSIONS Objective devices more appropriately rank PAEE than self-reported instruments in older adults, but absolute estimates of PAEE are not accurate. Given the cost differential and ease of use, pedometers seem most useful in this population when ranking by physical activity level is adequate.
Identifying High-Risk Patients From the Emergency Department to the Home

The High Risk Discharge Assessment Instrument was developed to guide assessment and intervention as well as identify high-risk patients age 65 and older discharged from the hospital Emergency Department to the home environment. This instrument can be received by home care agencies from a hospital and the indicators used by agencies in admission and discharge assessments. The tested tool, based on research and evidence, can improve many areas of patient care.
Renal artery stenosis in cardio-and cerebrovascular disease: renal duplex ultrasonography as an initial screening examination.

BACKGROUND The prevalence and indicative clinical factors of renal artery stenosis (RAS) in the Japanese population are unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of RAS in a selectively referred Japanese population and to determine any clinical factors related to RAS by initially screening with renal duplex ultrasonography. The 750 patients presenting because of possible or known cardio-and cerebrovascular diseases were prospectively studied. Duplex examination was performed in 729 patients (97.2%): 21 patients (2.8%) did not undergo it, because of technical impossibility. Duplex RAS was found in 38 patients (5.2%). Subsequently, a confirmatory renal angiography was obtained in 40 patients, investigating those who had duplex RAS or no duplex examination. Angiographic RAS was found in 35 patients (4.8%). The respective prevalences of duplex and angiographic RAS were 6.3% and 6.7% in coronary artery disease, 8.8% and 9.3% in multivessel coronary artery disease, 7.5% and 8.2% in heart failure, 5.1% and 4.3% in unstable angina pectoris, 20.0% and 22.2% in carotid artery stenosis, 10.3% and 10.2% in stroke, 20.0% and 20.0% in peripheral artery disease, and 12.0% and 11.8% in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Univariate analysis showed that patients with duplex RAS were older and had more atherosclerotic risk factors. Furthermore, they were more likely to be smokers and have hypertension, renal impairment, renal atrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy and cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. Multivariate stepwise analysis showed that smoking, peripheral artery disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm and renal atrophy were independent predictors of duplex RAS. CONCLUSIONS RAS is frequent in Japanese patients with cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. Initial screening for RAS by duplex ultrasonography is recommended for patients with complications, especially peripheral artery disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm and renal atrophy.
Seasonal obsessive-compulsive disorder

A case of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with seasonal variation in symptoms of 10-years duration is reported because of its rarity. The phenomenology of the observed disorder was obsessions related to dirt and contamination resulting in washing compulsions with onset in October and complete resolution in April-May every year. The patient responded to phototherapy along with exposure and response prevention therapy and pharmacotherapy.
Granzyme-mediated Cytotoxicity Does Not Involve the Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptors on Target Cells*

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer cells secrete granzymes to kill infected or transformed cells. The mannose 6-phosphate receptor (Mpr) 300 on target cells has been reported to function as receptor for secreted granzyme B. Using lymphoblasts and mouse embryonal fibroblast lines from Mpr300 and Mpr46 knockout mice, we show here that both receptors are not essential for CTL-induced apoptosis. Similarly, cells exposed to either monomeric granzyme B or granzyme B-serglycin complexes readily internalize the granzyme and undergo apoptosis in the absence of Mpr300 and Mpr46. Further, no colocalization of granzyme B and Mpr300 could be observed in target cells after internalization. In conclusion, these results strongly argue against an Mpr300- or Mpr46-dependent pathway of granzyme-mediated killing and provide new insight in the internalization of monomeric and complexed granzyme B.
Transcriptional Coactivator Cited2 Induces Bmi1 and Mel18 and Controls Fibroblast Proliferation via Ink4a/ARF

ABSTRACT Cited2 (CBP/p300 interacting transactivator with ED-rich tail 2) is required for embryonic development, coactivation of transcription factor AP-2, and inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 transactivation. Cited2 is induced by multiple growth factors and cytokines and oncogenically transforms cells. Here, we show that the proliferation of Cited2 −/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts ceases prematurely. This is associated with a reduction in growth fraction, senescent cellular morphology, and increased expression of the cell proliferation inhibitors p16INK4a, p19ARF, and p15INK4b. Deletion of INK4a/ARF (encoding p16INK4a and p19ARF) completely rescued the defective proliferation of Cited2−/− fibroblasts. However, the deletion of INK4a/ARF did not rescue the embryonic malformations observed in Cited2 −/− mice, indicating that INK4a/ARF-independent pathways are likely to be involved here. We found that Cited2 −/− fibroblasts had reduced expression of the polycomb-group genes Bmi1 and Mel18, which function as INK4a/ARF and Hox repressors. Complementation with CITED2-expressing retrovirus enhanced proliferation, induced Bmi1/Mel18 expression, and decreased INK4a/ARF expression. Bmi1- and Mel18-expressing retroviruses enhanced the proliferation of Cited2 −/− fibroblasts, indicating that they function downstream of Cited2. Our results provide genetic evidence that Cited2 controls the expression of INK4a/ARF and fibroblast proliferation, at least in part via the polycomb-group genes Bmi1 and Mel18.
The phosphoglycolate phosphatase gene and the mutation in the phosphoglycolate phosphatase-deficient mutant ( pgp1-1 ) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

The sequences of the phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGPase) gene Pgp1 and the 5'-upstream region from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii wildtype 2137 and the pgp1-1 mutant N142 that lacks the activity of PGPase (PGP1) were determined. The comparison revealed the alteration o faGt o Aa tposition 98 relative to the start codon. This de- stroyed the "GT" splice donor site at the beginning of the first intron of this gene, resulting in an extension of the first exon to 49 translatable codons followed by a stop codon, containing the codons corresponding to whole transit peptide for the chloroplast stroma and the first four N-terminal amino-acid residues of the PGP1 subunit. The comparison of the upstream nucleotide sequence of Pgp1 with those of 37 other genes including those involved in the CO2-concen- trating mechanism and (or) photorespiration showed the high similarity of Pgp1 upstream to a periplasmic carbonic anhydrase gene Cah1; the motifs RAGGTCAGN8-9CCR and TTGGCAG were found only within the low-CO2 respon- sive genes, including Pgp1 and Cah1. GAN7CGNTTGGAAN2AG, TTGGAAGGAG, and CAGAGGTCAGN8CCG were found only with Pgp1 and Cah1, and ACGCTTGGCAGT and CATTACCAT were found only with Pgp1 and alanine aminotransferase gene Aat1. The possibility of functional PGPase isozyme(s) in C. reinhardtii is also discussed.