Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow-up. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation developed in partnership 

1 r RS/EHRA/ECAS Expert Consensus Statement on Catheter and urgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Recommendations for ersonnel, Policy, Procedures and Follow-Up report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of trial Fibrillation. eveloped in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and the European ardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). ndorsed and Approved by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology, the merican Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart hythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and the Heart Rhythm Society.
OLA-1, an Obg-like ATPase, integrates hunger with temperature information in sensory neurons in C. elegans

Animals detect changes in both their environment and their internal state and modify their behavior accordingly. Yet, it remains largely to be clarified how information of environment and internal state is integrated and how such integrated information modifies behavior. Well-fed C. elegans migrates to past cultivation temperature on a thermal gradient, which is disrupted when animals are starved. We recently reported that the neuronal activities synchronize between a thermosensory neuron AFD and an interneuron AIY, which is directly downstream of AFD, in well-fed animals, while this synchrony is disrupted in starved animals. However, it remained to be determined whether the disruption of the synchrony is derived from modulation of the transmitter release from AFD or from the modification of reception or signal transduction in AIY. By performing forward genetics on a transition of thermotaxis behavior along starvation, we revealed that OLA-1, an Obg-like ATPase, functions in AFD to promote disruption of AFD-AIY synchrony and behavioral transition. Our results suggest that the information of hunger is delivered to the AFD thermosensory neuron and gates transmitter release from AFD to disrupt thermotaxis, thereby shedding light onto a mechanism for the integration of environmental and internal state to modulate behavior.
Investigating the effects of external pressure on coronary arteries with plaques and its role in coronary artery disease

Abstract The risk of an acute coronary event stems from the amount and type of plaque present, as well as the fluid and structural dynamics in the coronary artery. If the plaque’s structural stress exceeds the mechanical strength, the fibrous cap may rupture and lead to thrombosis. The patient is then likely to face a sudden myocardial infarction. An association between Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) has been long recognised. For the first time, we are reporting a correlation between applied external pressure, such as Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), coughing, sneezing, blowing one’s nose, etc., and diseased coronary artery plaque via 3 D coronary artery models and two-way Fluid-Solid Interaction (FSI) models. Shear and von Mises stresses inside arteries and plaques have been shown to play a major role in plaque development, progression of disease, and the likelihood of plaque rupture. Our results show a drastic change in maximum shear (300%) and von Mises stresses (500%) with increasing external pressure. This change may indicate an onset of imminent plaque rupture. Furthermore, FSI modelling indicates a strong correlation between plaque thickness, location, and external pressure. With further clinical and simulation studies, this information could be helpful in understanding potential limit pressure in the CPR process for patients with CHD.
Frail patients having vascular surgery during the early COVID‐19 pandemic experienced high rates of adverse perioperative events and amputation

Frailty predicts adverse perioperative outcomes and increased mortality in patients having vascular surgery. Frailty assessment is a potential tool to inform resource allocation, and shared decision‐making about vascular surgery in the resource constrained COVID‐19 pandemic environment. This cohort study describes the prevalence of frailty in patients having vascular surgery and the association between frailty, mortality and perioperative outcomes.
The dopaminergic system supports flexible and rewarding dyadic motor interactive behaviour in Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract Studies indicate that the dopaminergic system (DAS) supports individual flexible behaviour. While flexibility is quintessential to effective dyadic motor interactions, whether DAS mediates adaptations of one’s own motor behaviour to that of a partner is not known. Here, we asked patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) to synchronize their grasping movements with those of a virtual partner in conditions that did (Interactive) or did not (Cued) require to predict and adapt to its actions. PD performed the task during daily antiparkinsonian treatment (‘On’ condition) or after drug-withdrawal (‘Off’ condition). A group of healthy individuals also served as control group. In the Interactive condition, PDs performed better and found the interaction more enjoyable when in ‘On’ than in ‘Off’ condition. Crucially, PD performance in the ‘On’ condition did not differ from that of healthy controls. This pattern of results hints at the key role of the DAS in supporting the flexible adaptation of one’s own actions to the partner’s during motor interactions.
Monitoring the emotional facial reactions of individuals with antisocial personality disorder during the retrieval of self-defining memories

While a deficit in the recognition of facial expression has been demonstrated in persons with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), few studies have investigated how individuals with ASPD produce their own emotional facial expressions. This study examines the production of facial emotional expressions of male inpatients with ASPD in a forensic hospital compared with a control group as they retrieve autobiographical memories. This design constitutes a specific ecological experimental approach fostering the evocation of personal feelings. Two indicators characterizing the activation of facial expression were used: activation of emotional action units and emotional dominance. The results showed that individuals with ASPD 1) activated angrier facial expressions than control participants for both indicators, 2) displayed a higher dominance of angry facial expressions during the retrieval of positive self-defining memories than control participants and 3) recalled significant memories that were less associated with neutral facial states than the control sample, regardless of the valence of their memories. These findings highlight the core role of anger in ASPD and the possible development of pathological anger, which would distinguish trajectories toward anxious or mood disorders and trajectories characterized by external disorders.
Resveratrol promotes bone mass in ovariectomized rats and the SIRT1 rs7896005 SNP is associated with bone mass in women during perimenopause and early postmenopause

Abstract Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of SIRT1 agonist resveratrol on bone mass in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and the SIRT1 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7896005 on bone mass in women during menopause and early postmenopause. Methods An animal experiment was conducted on rats that were sham-operated (SHAM), OVX or OVX and different administered doses of resveratrol. Serum markers and femur microstructure and staining were assessed. A cross-sectional study was conducted in women undergoing menopause. SIRT1 protein and SIRT1 SNP rs7896005 were evaluated. Results OVX rats administered resveratrol, especially high doses, showed lower bone loss than OVX rats. Serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) and femur SIRT1, β-catenin and bone mineral density (BMD) were significantly increased, whereas receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) was significantly decreased. Serum SIRT1 levels were significantly lower in women with low bone mass (p < 0.01). Women with the CA genotype of rs7896005 had lower bone mass than those with the CC genotype. The A allele showed a significant negative effect on bone loss risk (odds ratio = 3.48; p = 0.025). Conclusions Resveratrol stimulated SIRT1 expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote bone mass in rat femurs. Among women in perimenopause and early postmenopause, SIRT1 protected bone mass, and the A allele of SIRT1 rs7896005 was a risk factor for reduced bone mass.
GFAP Alternative Splicing and the Relevance for Disease – A Focus on Diffuse Gliomas

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein that is characteristic for astrocytes and neural stem cells, and their malignant analogues in glioma. Since the discovery of the protein 50 years ago, multiple alternative splice variants of the GFAP gene have been discovered, leading to different GFAP isoforms. In this review, we will describe GFAP isoform expression from gene to protein to network, taking the canonical isoforms GFAPα and the main alternative variant GFAPδ as the starting point. We will discuss the relevance of studying GFAP and its isoforms in disease, with a specific focus on diffuse gliomas.
Minor and inconsistent differences in Big Five personality traits between vegetarians and vegans

Most research examining individuals who follow different diets has combined vegetarians and vegans into a single group. To investigate whether this consolidation is justified, we analyzed possible differences between vegetarians and vegans for the Big Five personality traits in two studies. In our pre-study, we used data from a German convenience sample of 400 vegetarians and 749 vegans and found that vegans reported slightly higher scores in Openness compared to vegetarians (d = 0.22). In the preregistered main study, we used data provided by 1203 vegetarians and 128 vegans from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study; we found that vegetarians reported slightly higher scores in Neuroticism compared to vegans (d = 0.18) but did not differ in Openness. We found no differences in Conscientiousness, Extraversion, or Agreeableness in either study. Controlling for the socio-demographic variables of age, gender, and socio-economic status did not alter the pattern of results. Overall, these results suggest that there are no or only small differences in Openness or Neuroticism between vegetarians and vegans. Further studies utilizing very large, representative samples are needed to better understand the relationship between personality and diet groups.
STEM image analysis based on deep learning: identification of vacancy defects and polymorphs of MoS2

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is an indispensable tool for atomic-resolution structural analysis for a wide range of materials. The conventional analysis of STEM images is an extensive hands-on process, which limits efficient handling of high-throughput data. Here, we apply a fully convolutional network (FCN) for identification of important structural features of two-dimensional crystals. ResUNet, a type of FCN, is utilized in identifying sulfur vacancies and polymorph types of MoS2 from atomic resolution STEM images. Efficient models are achieved based on training with simulated images in the presence of different levels of noise, aberrations, and carbon contamination. The accuracy of the FCN models toward extensive experimental STEM images is comparable to that of careful hands-on analysis. Our work provides a guideline on best practices to train a deep learning model for STEM image analysis and demonstrates FCN's application for efficient processing of a large volume of STEM data.
One Drop Improves Productivity for Workers With Type 2 Diabetes

Improving diabetes management skills and reducing diabetes-related distress in working adults with type 2 diabetes has implications for work-related outcomes including work productivity. Digital health programs have the potential to positively impact diabetes management and, in turn, improve the productivity of working-age adults. Objective Diabetes research on work productivity has been largely cross-sectional and retrospective, with only one known randomized controlled trial (RCT) published, to our knowledge. Secondary analysis of the Fit-One RCT tested the effect of One Drop’s digital health program on workplace productivity outcomes, absenteeism, and presenteeism, for employees and specifically for older workers with type 2 diabetes. Methods Analysis of the 3-month Fit-One trial data from employees who have type 2 diabetes explored productivity using logistic analyses and generalized estimating equations. Results Treatment and control group comparisons showed that workers (N = 125) using One Drop see direct benefits to workplace productivity, which leads to productivity savings for employers. Conclusion This was the first RCT to demonstrate that a mobile health application for managing type 2 diabetes can positively affect productivity at work.
Modelling the mass adoption potential of wearable medical devices

Digital technologies empower users to manage their health and reduce the burden on the public health system. The mass adoption of wearable medical devices (WMDs) promotes the ageing population’s confidence besides facilitating users. Thus, the current study aims to empirically evaluate the formation of perceived product value (PPV) with the WMDs’ computability, usefulness, cost, and accuracy, the intention to use WMDs influenced by health consciousness (HCS), health anxiety (HAY), product value, and perceived critical mass (PCM), and later the adoption of WMDs among Chinese adults. The study examined the mediating effect of PPV on the relationship between the intention to use WMDs and perceived compatibility (PCT), perceived cost (PCO), perceived usefulness (PUS), and perceived technology accuracy (PTA). This study adopted a cross-sectional approach and used an online survey to collect quantitative data from 1,160 Chinese adults. Data analysis was performed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results showed that PCT, PUS, and PTA significant positive effect on PPV. Meanwhile, HCS, PCM, and PPV has a significant positive effect on intention to use WMDs, and the intention to use WMDs and PCM influenced the adoption of WMDs. Consequently, the analysis confirmed that PPV mediated the relationships between the intention to use WMD and PCT, PUS, and PTA. The WMD cost must be reduced to enhance the value of WMDs. Finally, the study’s implications, limitations, and suggestions for future studies are discussed.
Integrated Proteomics and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal the Transcriptional Slippage of a Bymovirus P3N-PIPO Gene Expressed from a PVX Vector in Nicotiana benthamiana

P3N-PIPO (P3 N-terminal fused with Pretty Interesting Potyviridae ORF), the movement protein of potyviruses, is expressed as a translational fusion with the N-terminus of P3 in potyviruses. As reported in previous studies, P3N-PIPO is expressed via transcriptional slippage at a conserved G2A6 slippery site in the genus Potyvirus. However, it is still unknown whether a similar expression mechanism of P3N-PIPO is used in the other genera of the family Potyviridae. Moreover, due to the extremely low expression level of P3N-PIPO in natural virus-infected plants, the peptides spanning the slippery site which provide direct evidence of the slippage at the protein level, have not been identified yet. In this study, a potato virus X (PVX)-based expression vector was utilized to investigate the expression mechanism of P3N-PIPO. A high expression level of the P3N-PIPO(WT) of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV, genus Potyvirus) was observed based on the PVX expression vector. For the first time, we successfully identified the peptides of P3N-PIPO spanning the slippery site by mass spectrometry. Likewise, the P3N-PIPO(WT) of wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV, genus Bymovirus) was also successfully expressed using the PVX expression vector. Integrated proteome and transcriptome analyses revealed that WYMV P3N-PIPO was expressed at the conserved G2A6 site through transcriptional slippage. Moreover, as revealed by mutagenesis analysis, Hexa-adenosine of the G2A6 site was important for the frameshift expression of P3N-PIPO in WYMV. According to our results, the PVX-based expression vector might be used as an excellent tool to study the expression mechanism of P3N-PIPO in Potyviridae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence dissecting the expression mechanism of a bymovirus P3N-PIPO in the experimental host Nicotiana benthamiana.
Perioperative Care Structures and Non-Routine Events: Network Analysis

Non-routine events (NREs) are any aspect of care perceived by clinicians as a deviation from optimal care. The reporting of NREs to peers (or care teams) may help healthcare organizations improve patient safety in high-risk work environments (e.g., surgery). While various factors, including care structure and organizational factors may influence a clinician’s NRE reporting behavior, their role has not been systematically studied. We conducted a retrospective study relying on NREs and electronic health records to determine if perioperative interaction structures among clinicians are associated with the frequency of NRE reporting in a large academic medical center. The data covers November 1, 2016, to January 31, 2019 and includes 295 perioperative clinicians, 225 neonatal surgical cases, and 543 NREs. Using network analysis, we measured a clinician’s status in interaction structures according to the sociometric factors of degree, betweenness, and eigenvector centrality. We applied a proportional odds model to measure the relationship between each sociometric factor and NRE reporting frequency. Our findings indicate that the centrality of clinicians is directly associated with the quantity of NREs per surgical case.
Orally delivered rutin in lipid-based nano-formulation exerts strong antithrombotic effects by protein disulfide isomerase inhibition

Abstract Thrombosis occurs in both macrovasculature and microvasculature, causing various cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. The lack of effective and safe antithrombotic drugs leads to a public health crisis. Mounting evidence suggests that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) plays a critical role in the initial stage of thrombus formation, motivating the research of the feasibility of PDI inhibitors as novel anti-thrombotics. Rutin, one of the most potent PDI inhibitors, was reported to suppress platelet aggregation and thrombosis in animal models, but further studies and clinical translation were restricted due to its low aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability. In this work, we fabricated rutin-loaded lipid-based nano-formulation (NanoR) and characterized their physical–chemical properties, release profiles, pharmacokinetic process, and pharmacodynamic function against thrombosis in macrovessels and microvessels. NanoR provided increased solubility and dissolution of rutin to achieve earlier T max and higher C max than the sodium salt of rutin (NaR) after oral gavage. Ex vivo studies demonstrated that NanoR significantly inhibited thrombin generation and clot formation in the plasma of mice. Importantly, such effect was reversed by exogenous recombinant PDI, demonstrating the specificity of the NanoR. In direct current-induced arterial thrombosis model and ferric chloride-induced microvascular thrombosis model, NanoR exhibited greatly enhanced antithrombotic activity compared with NaR. NanoR also showed good safety performance according to tail bleeding assay, global coagulation tests, and histological analysis. Overall, our current results indicated that NanoR offers a promising antithrombotic treatment with potential for clinical translation.
Genotypes analysis of Candida albicans species complex from healthy individual saliva in Ahvaz, Iran

Although Candida albicans is a part of the mycoflora of healthy individuals, it is causing mild to severe forms of candidiasis in patients with underlying diseases. The recent molecular investigations were classified three genotypes, A, B and C for C. albicans. The aim of the present study was to detect different genotypes of C. albicans complex species in a normal population in Iran. Saliva was randomly collected from a normal population, homogenized and cultured on CHROMagar Candida. Classical and molecular methods were used for the detection of isolates. Candida 25S rDNA gene was amplified using the primer pairs of CA‐INT‐L and CA‐INT‐R for ABC genotyping of C. albicans. Candida albicans complex was recovered from 103/194 (53·1%) normal papulation. Genotype A with a frequency of 41·7% was the most common isolate, followed by genotype C (34%), genotype B (20·4%) and genotype D (3·9%). Genotyping of C. albicans species complex from healthy individuals showed the presence of three A, B and C genotypes of C. albicans and one D genotype of C. dubliniensis.
A Drosophila neuroligin regulates synaptic growth and function in response to activity and phosphoinositide-3-kinase

Neuroligins are postsynaptic neural cell adhesion molecules that mediate synaptic maturation and function in vertebrates and invertebrates, but their mechanisms of action and regulation are not well understood. At the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ), previous analysis demonstrated a requirement for Drosophila neuroligin 1 (dnlg1) in synaptic growth and maturation. The goal of the present study was to better understand the effects and mechanisms of loss-of-function and overexpression of dnlg1 on synapse size and function, and to identify signaling pathways that control dnlg1 expression. Consistent with a reduced synapse size, evoked excitatory junctional currents (EJCs) were diminished in dnlg1 mutants but displayed normal Ca 2+ sensitivity and short-term plasticity. However, postsynaptic function was also perturbed, in that glutamate receptor staining and the distribution of amplitudes of miniature excitatory junctional currents (mEJCs) were abnormal in mutants. All the above phenotypes were rescued by a genomic transgene. Overexpression of dnlg1 in muscle resulted in synaptic overgrowth, but reduced the amplitudes of EJCs and mEJCs. Overgrowth and reduced EJC amplitude required dnrx1 function, suggesting that increased dnlg1/dnrx1 signaling attenuates synaptic transmission and regulates growth through a retrograde mechanism. In contrast, reduced mEJC amplitude was independent of dnrx1. Synaptic overgrowth, triggered by neuronal hyperactivity, absence of the E3 ubiquitin ligase highwire, and increased phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling in motor neurons reduced synaptic DNlg1 levels. Likewise, postsynaptic attenuation of PI3K, which increases synaptic strength, was associated with reduced DNlg1 levels. These observations suggest that activity and PI3K signaling pathways modulate growth and synaptic transmission through dnlg1-dependent mechanisms. but had no effect on the postsynaptic response to spontaneous release. These data suggest that dnlg1 modulates synaptic transmission by negatively regulating GluR function, and regulates growth and neurotransmitter release via a retrograde mechanism with dnrx1. We found that synapse overgrowth or increased neural activity, and perturbation of PI3K signaling reduced dnlg1 expression, suggesting that attenuation of dnlg1 signaling may contribute to mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. growth We show that dnlg1 overexpression in muscle increased synapse bouton numbers and reduced quantal content. This observation suggests that retrograde signaling by dnlg1 drives growth and attenuates neurotransmitter release by inhibition of hiw or shaggy or the activation of PI3K signaling in motor neurons. in PI3K-dependent signaling processes relevant to neurodevelopmental diseases.