Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New limb-darkening coefficients and synthetic photometry for model-atmosphere grids at Galactic, LMC and SMC abundances

New grids of Atlas9 models have been calculated using revised convection parameters and updated opacity-distribution functions, for chemical compositions intended to be representative of solar, [M/H] = +0.3, +0.5, Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) abundances. The grids cover Te = 3:5{50 kK, from logg = 5:0 to the eective Eddington limit. Limb-darkening coecients and synthetic photometry are presented in the UBVRIJHKLM , uvby, ugriz, WFCAM, Hipparcos/Tycho, and Kepler passbands for these models, and for Castelli’s comparable ‘new-ODF’ grids. Flux distributions are given for the new models. The sensitivity of limb-darkening coecients to the adopted physics is illustrated.
Yield Evaluation of Faulty Memristive Crossbar Array-based Neural Networks with Repairability

This paper evaluates the yield of a memristor-based crossbar array of artificial neural networks in the presence of stuck-at-faults (SAFs). A technique based on Markov chains is used to estimate the yield in the presence of stuck-at-faults. This method provides a high degree of accuracy. Another method that is used for analysis and comparison is the Poisson distribution, which uses the sum of all repairable fault patterns. A fault repair mechanism is also considered when evaluating the yield of the memristor crossbar array. The results demonstrate that the yield could be improved with redundancies and a higher repairable stuck-at-fault ratio.
PREDICTIONS FOR OBSERVING PROTOSTELLAR OUTFLOWS WITH ALMA

Protostellar outflows provide a means to probe the accretion process of forming stars and their ability to inject energy into their surroundings. However, conclusions based on outflow observations depend upon the degree of accuracy with which their properties can be estimated. We examine the quality of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of protostellar outflows by producing synthetic 12CO(1-0) and 13CO(1-0) observations of numerical simulations. We use various ALMA configurations, observational parameters, and outflow inclinations to assess how accurately different assumptions and setups can recover underlying properties. We find that more compact arrays and longer observing times can improve the mass and momentum recovery by a factor of two. During the first ∼0.3 Myr of evolution, 12CO(1-0) is optically thick, even for velocities ∣ v ∣ ≥ 1 ? > km s−1, and outflow mass is severely underestimated without an optical depth correction. Likewise, 13CO(1-0) is optically thick during the first ≃ 0.1 ? > Myr. However, underestimation due to shorter observing time, missing flux, and optical depth are partially offset by the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium and higher excitation temperatures. Overall, we expect that full ALMA 13CO(1-0) observations of protostellar sources within 500 pc with observing times ≳ 1 ? > hr and assumed excitation temperatures of T < 20 ? > K will reliably measure mass and line of sight momentum to within 20%.
"Itô's Lemma" and the Bellman equation: An applied view

Rare and randomly occurring events are important features of the economic world. In continuous time they can easily be modeled by Poisson processes. Analyzing optimal behavior in such a setup requires the appropriate version of the change of variables formula and the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. This paper provides examples for the application of both tools in economic modeling. It accompanies the proofs in Sennewald (2005), who shows, under milder conditions than before, that the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation is both a necessary and sufficient criterion for optimality. The main example here consists of a consumption-investment problem with labor income. It is shown how the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation can be used to derive both a Keynes-Ramsey rule and a closed form solution. We also provide a new result.
Positron-electron pairs in astrophysics (Goddard Space Flight Center, 1983)

A workshop on Position-Electron Pairs in Astrophysics was held in 1983 at the Goddard Space Flight Center. This workshop brought together observers and theorists actively engaged in the study of astrophysical sites, as well as physical processes therein where position-electron pairs have a profound influence on both the overall dynamics of the source region and the properties of the emitted radiation. This volume consists of the workshop proceedings.
Status and developments of event generators

Event generators play a crucial role in the exploration of LHC physics. This presentation summarizes news and plans for the three general-purpose pp generators Herwig, Pythia and Sherpa, as well as briefer notes on a few other generators. Common themes, such as the matching and merging between matrix elements and parton showers, are highlighted. Other topics include a historical introduction, from the Lund perspective, and comments on the role of MCnet. presented at the Fourth Annual Large Hadron Collider Physics Conference (LHCP2016), 13–18 June 2016, Lund, Sweden ar X iv :1 60 8. 06 42 5v 1 [ he pph ] 2 3 A ug 2 01 6
Importance of Goal and Feedback Orientation in Determining Feedback Effectiveness

Abstract: In this study, we examine two student characteristics (goal orientation and feedback orientation) that might predispose students to use and benefit from two different types of feedback. Students receiving future-oriented feedback exhibited significantly greater improvement in their quiz scores compared to students receiving past-oriented feedback, although the degree was a function of both student goal and feedback orientation. Specifically, high learning-goal-orientation students had greater performance improvement when they received future-oriented feedback while high performance-prove-orientation students had greater improvement when they received past-oriented feedback. Students with a high active-feedback-seeking orientation improved more than other students, and students with a high passive-feedback-seeking orientation improved less when they received future-oriented feedback.
THE STRUCTURES AND TOTAL (MINOR + MAJOR) MERGER HISTORIES OF MASSIVE GALAXIES UP TO z ∼ 3 IN THE HST GOODS NICMOS SURVEY: A POSSIBLE SOLUTION TO THE SIZE EVOLUTION PROBLEM

We investigate the total major (>1:4 by stellar mass) and minor (>1:100 by stellar mass) merger history of a population of 80 massive (M* > 1011 M☉) galaxies at high redshifts (z = 1.7–3). We utilize extremely deep and high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope H-band imaging from the GOODS NICMOS Survey, which corresponds to rest-frame optical wavelengths at the redshifts probed. We find that massive galaxies at high redshifts are often morphologically disturbed, with a CAS (concentration, C; asymmetry, A; clumpiness, S) deduced merger fraction fm = 0.23 ± 0.05 at z = 1.7–3. We find close accord between close pair methods (within 30 kpc apertures) and CAS methods for deducing major merger fractions at all redshifts. We deduce the total (minor + major) merger history of massive galaxies with M* > 109 M☉ galaxies, and find that this scales roughly linearly with log-stellar-mass and magnitude range. We test our close pair methods by utilizing mock galaxy catalogs from the Millennium Simulation. We compute the total number of mergers to be (4.5 ± 2.9)/〈τm〉 from z = 3 to the present, to a stellar mass sensitivity threshold of ∼1:100 (where τm is the merger timescale in Gyr which varies as a function of mass). This corresponds to an average mass increase of (3.4 ± 2.2) × 1011 M☉ over the past 11.5 Gyr due to merging. We show that the size evolution observed for these galaxies may be mostly explained by this merging.
Fuel Cell Fed High Gain DC-DC Boost Converter for Electric Vehicle and Islanded Mode of Operation

Fuel Cells have great potential as a distribution generator due to its fast growing technology, cleanliness, high energy efficiency, extremely low emission and low noise. But for medium power applications, low fuel cell output is finding it difficult to meet the DC bus demand. So as to increase the output voltage and to meet the DC bus voltage stability a stepup converter with high gain is required. Thus a step-up converter with high-gain, wide range in input voltage, low voltage stress and common ground structure between input and output ports are used. Extreme duty cycles are not needed and only one pulse signal is used for two power switches in the circuit topology. This high gain boost DC-DC converter(HGBDC) can be operated as a low gain converter for driving BLDC motor fed from a fuel cell and as a high gain converter for feeding three phase AC load at same duty ratio, operating in two different topology. Feasibility of high gain DC-DC converter for both vehicular and AC load applications are also analysed in this paper. Voltage stress across the semiconductor devices during both applications are analysed and verified the feasibility of converter during both operations.
Probing the LDA-1/2 method as a starting point forG0W0calculations

Employing the $G_0W_0$ approximation of Hedin's $GW$ approach one can obtain quasi-particle energies of extended systems and molecules with good accuracy. However, for many materials, semi-local exchange-correlation functionals are unsatisfactory starting points for $G_0W_0$ calculations. Hybrid functionals often improve upon them, but at a substantially higher computational cost. As an alternative, we suggest the LDA-1/2 method, which provides reasonable band gaps, without being computationally involved. In this work, we systematically compare 3 starting points for $G_0W_0$: LDA, PBE0, and LDA-1/2. A selection of solids is chosen for this benchmark: C, Si, SiC, AlP, LiF, MgO, Ne, Ar, GaN, GaAs, CdS, ZnS, and ZnO. We demonstrate that LDA-1/2 is a good starting point in most cases, reducing the mean absolute error of band gaps by 50% when compared to the other 2 functionals.
Properties of the single-site reduced density matrix in the Bose-Bose resonance model in the ground state and in quantum quenches

We study properties of the single-site reduced density matrix in the Bose-Bose resonance model as a function of system parameters. This model describes a single-component Bose gas with a resonant coupling to a diatomic molecular state, here defined on a lattice. A main goal is to demonstrate that the eigenstates of the single-site reduced density matrix have structures that are characteristic for the various quantum phases of this system. Since the Hamiltonian conserves only the global particle number but not the number of bosons and molecules individually, these eigenstates, referred to as optimal modes, can be nontrivial linear combinations of bare eigenstates of the molecular and boson particle number. We numerically analyze the optimal modes and their weights, the latter giving the importance of the corresponding state, in the ground state of the Bose-Bose resonance model. We find that the single-site von Neumann entropy is sensitive to the location of the phase boundaries. We explain the structure of the optimal modes and their weight spectra using perturbation theory and via a comparison to results for the single-component Bose-Hubbard model. We further study the dynamical evolution of the optimal modes and of the single-site entanglement entropy in two quantum quenches that cross phase boundaries of the model and show that these quantities are thermal in the steady state. For our numerical calculations, we use the density-matrix renormalization group method for ground-state calculations and time evolution in a Krylov subspace for the quench dynamics as well as exact diagonalization.
THERMAL X-RAY EMISSION FROM THE SHOCKED STELLAR WIND OF PULSAR GAMMA-RAY BINARIES

Gamma-ray-loud X-ray binaries are binary systems that show non-thermal broadband emission from radio to gamma rays. If the system comprises a massive star and a young non-accreting pulsar, their winds will collide producing broadband non-thermal emission, most likely originated in the shocked pulsar wind. Thermal X-ray emission is expected from the shocked stellar wind, but until now it has neither been detected nor studied in the context of gamma-ray binaries. We present a semi-analytic model of the thermal X-ray emission from the shocked stellar wind in pulsar gamma-ray binaries, and find that the thermal X-ray emission increases monotonically with the pulsar spin-down luminosity, reaching luminosities of the order of 1033 erg s−1. The lack of thermal features in the X-ray spectrum of gamma-ray binaries can then be used to constrain the properties of the pulsar and stellar winds. By fitting the observed X-ray spectra of gamma-ray binaries with a source model composed of an absorbed non-thermal power law and the computed thermal X-ray emission, we are able to derive upper limits on the spin-down luminosity of the putative pulsar. We applied this method to LS 5039, the only gamma-ray binary with a radial, powerful wind, and obtain an upper limit on the pulsar spin-down luminosity of ∼6 × 1036 erg s−1. Given the energetic constraints from its high-energy gamma-ray emission, a non-thermal to spin-down luminosity ratio very close to unity may be required.
The effect of sweet and salty taste sensitivity on gin-gival health in relation to salivary serotonin among type1 diabetic patients aged 12-14 years

Background: This study was conducted among diabetic persons to assess the sweet and salty taste sensitivity with its effect on gingival health in relation to salivary serotonin levels. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional comparative study design was used. All patients with diabetes aged 12-14 years that attend the Paediatric hospital at Baghdad medical city with specific inclusion criteria were involved in the sample of the present study (patients group 50 patients) compared with non-diabetic persons matched in age and gender of the study sample (control group 70 patients) who were attending dental unit in the college of dentistry/university of Baghdad. A two-alternative forced choice question including each component presented at five different quantities was used to evaluate the threshold sensitivity of salt and sweet taste, sub-sample of 44 subjects was recruited from each group and matched in age and gender for salivary analysis and serotonin measurement and gingival health status was measured by using the gingival index. Results: Data analysis of this study revealed that the occurrence of the highest sweet threshold was found among diabetic persons with no significant difference. The data revealed no significant difference in the mean gingival index while salivary serotonin value was lower in diabetic subjects with a significant difference; meanwhile, it showed no significant relation with both taste thresholds. Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, it was observed, that diabetes did not affect salty and sweet taste thresholds in addition to gingival health. Whereas salivary serotonin had a role among the diabetic patients by which it was lower among diabetic subjects.
Deep and wide photometry of two open clusters NGC 1245 and NGC 2506: dynamical evolution and halo

We studied the structure of two old open clusters, NGC 1245 and NGC 2506, from a wide and deep VI photometry data acquired using the CFH12K CCD camera at CFHT. We devised a new method for assigning cluster membership probability to individual stars using both spatial positions and positions in the colour-magnitude diagram. From analyses of the luminosity functions at several cluster-centric radii and the radial surface density profiles derived from stars with different luminosity ranges, we found that the two clusters are dynamically relaxed to drive significant mass segregation and evaporation of some fraction of low-mass stars. There seems to be a signature of tidal tail in NGC 1245 but the signal is too low to be confirmed.
Cultural Humility Training for Mentors: Lessons Learned and Implications for Youth Programs

The current paper presents lessons learned from a research-to-practice partnership between mentoring program practitioners and researchers that focused on the development and implementation of a cultural humility training for volunteer mentors. Using multiple data sources (e.g., training materials, field notes, mentor surveys), we present a description of the research-to-practice partnership and the Culturally Smart Relationships pilot training content. We generate practice-oriented lessons to inform future cultural humility training work with staff and volunteers in youth programs. Our lessons reflect recommendations that emerged from five project phases: (a) organizational commitment to justice, equity, diversity, inclusion; (b) training curriculum and logistical planning; (c) “To Zoom, or not to Zoom''; (d) facilitation of the training; and (e) post-training and ongoing support. The pilot training content and lessons learned have implications for youth programs by elucidating training as one component of a broader approach for equity in youth developmental program practice.
Mapping Natural Genetic Variants Associated with Nutrient Response

Phenotypic responses to dietary intake affect every individual, yet individuals consuming similar diets frequently display a myriad of different responses. As diet-related disorders are abundant in humans, understanding the means by which an individual’s genetics dictate these physiological responses is essential. Furthermore, dietary restriction has been shown to dramatically increase the length of lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster, but the exact genetic mechanisms governing this response are still not fully understood. In this study, I have used the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) to pinpoint specific quantitative trait loci associated with a number of diet-induced complex traits so as to better understand an individual’s genetic contribution to these traits, as well as to understand the basis for dietary restriction-related lifespan extension. The DGRP contains 184 inbred fly strains, distinguished by nearly 5 million identified naturally-occurring genetic variations. By introducing theseunique strains to high- and low-protein diets, I have observed phenotypic variations in lifespan, physical fitness, starvation resistance, body weight, and triglyceride levels. These variations between strains, as well as the differences within a strain on different diets, have been analyzed via genome-wide association studies to identify particular variants that are associated with diet-induced complex traits. Some of the genes in which variants were identified as being associated with particular phenotypes include nimB3, which was associated with starvation resistance phenotypes in flies raised on either high- or low-protein food conditions, and CG43921, in which variants were found to be associated with regulating body weight phenotypes in flies raised in either high- or low-protein food conditions.
Robust low-bias negative differential resistance in graphene superlattices

In this work, we present a detailed theoretical study on the low bias current–voltage (I–V) characteristic of biased planar graphene superlattice (PGSL), provided by a heterostructured substrate and a series of grounded metallic planes placed over a graphene sheet, which induce a periodically modulated Dirac gap and Fermi velocity barrier, respectively. We investigate the effect of PGSL parameters on the I–V characteristic and the appearance of multipeak negative differential resistance (NDR) in the proposed device within the Landauer–Buttiker formalism and adopted transfer matrix method. Moreover‚ we propose a novel venue to control the NDR in PGSL with Fermi velocity barrier. Different regimes of NDR have been recognized, based on the PGSL parameters and external bias. From this viewpoint‚ we obtain multipeak NDR through miniband aligning in PGSL. The maximum pick to valley ratio (PVR) up to 167 obtained for υc, the Fermi velocity correlation (ratio of Fermi velocity in barrier and well region), is 1.9 at bias voltages between 70–130 mV. Our findings have good agreement with experiments and can be considered in designing multi-valued memory‚ functional circuit, low power and high-speed nanoelectronic device applications.
Gravitational wave generation by interaction of high power lasers with matter. Part II: Ablation and Piston models

We analyze theoretical models of gravitational waves generation in the interaction of high intensity laser with matter. We analyse the generated gravitational waves in linear approximation of gravitational theory. We derive the analytical formulas and estimates for the metric perturbations and the radiated power of generated gravitational waves. Furthermore we investigate the characteristics of polarization and the behaviour of test particles in the presence of gravitational wave which will be important for the detection.
Zero Index Metamaterial of Simulated Split Ring Resonator Element

Split Ring Resonator of Zero Index metamaterial element has been proposed. The Split Ring Resonator consists of four loops; a more modest loop inside a bigger one, with openings, consolidated into each loop at the far edges, and an expansion of the rectangular loop to realize the gap (split) which permits control of the capacitance. The split ring is designed and simulated using sophisticated simulation software to have accurate simulation results. Two waveguide ports of terminals have been used within the assigned unit cell boundary for the simulated purpose. A parametric study has taken place for the width and length of the split ring resonator to find the optimized design to have zero index at the desired frequency of 2.7 GHz. The optimized dimensions of the split ring resonator are 7.29 mm and 6.0 mm for width and length respectively. The split ring resonator successfully recorded zero index (phase) at the desired frequency of 2.7 GHz for low-frequency applications specifically for GHz ranges.
Mathematical Analysis in Cartography by Means of Computer Algebra System

Theory of map projections is a branch of cartography studying the ways of projecting the curved surface of the earth and other heavenly bodies into the plane, and it is often called mathematical cartography. There are many fussy symbolic problems to be dealt with in map projections, such as power series expansions of elliptical functions, high order differential of transcendental functions, elliptical integrals and the operation of complex numbers. Many famous cartographers such as Adams (1921), Snyder (1987), Yang (1989, 2000) have made great efforts to solve these problems. Due to historical condition limitation, there were no advanced computer algebra systems at that time, so they had to dispose of these problems by hand, which had often required a paper and a pen. Some derivations and computations were however long and labor intensive such that one gave up midway. Briefly reviewing the existing methods, one will find that these problems were not perfectly and ideally solved yet. Formulas derived by hand often have quite complex and prolix forms, and their orders could not be very high. The most serious problem is that some higher terms of the formulas are erroneous because of the adopted approximate disposal.