Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digging for Substellar Objects in the Stellar Graveyard

White dwarfs, the endpoint of stellar evolution for stars with with mass 1 M . This thesis explores the consequences of post-main-sequence evolution on the dynamics of a planetary system and the observational signatures that arise from such evolution. These signatures are then specifically tested with a direct imaging survey of nearby white dwarfs. Finally, new techniques for high contrast imaging are discussed and placed in the context of further searches for planets and brown dwarfs in the stellar graveyard. While planets closer than ∼ 5 AU will most likely not survive the post-main sequence evolution of its parent star, any planet with semimajor axis > 5 AU will survive, and its semimajor axis will increase as the central star loses mass. The stability of adjacent orbits to mutual planet-planet perturbations depends on the ratio of the planet mass to the central star’s mass, and I demonstrate that some planets in previously stable orbits around a star undergoing mass loss will become unstable. I show that when mass loss is slow, systems of two planets that are marginally stable can become unstable to close encounters with each other, while for three planets the timescale for close encounters decreases significantly with increasing mass ratio. Close encounters can lead to collisions of planets and new orbits that perturb surviving planetesimals into white dwarf grazing orbits. Perturbed planetesimals can create pollution of the white dwarf’s surface and circumstellar dust disks which can be observational signatures of planetary systems If pollution of a white dwarf’s atmosphere is caused by relic planetary systems, any white dwarf with photospheric absorption due to metals can be searched for substellar companions. Hydrogen white dwarfs with metal absorption, so called DAZ white dwarfs, are hard to explain by simple ISM accretion, and present an opportunity to test the observational signatures of unstable planetary systems. Additionally, field white dwarfs can be searched for substellar companions as well. I conducted a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Canada France Hawaii Telescope survey of nearby white dwarfs for substellar objects. A total of 8 DAZ white dwarfs and a total of 12 field dwarfs with distances of ∼6 MJup, and sensitive to companions with M > 18 MJup for all but two of my targets. The lack of significant near infrared excesses for my targets limits any kind of unresolved companions present to be substellar. In light of these results I make several comments on the possibility of determining the origin of metals in the atmospheres of white dwarfs and the frequency of substellar objects in orbit around intermediate mass stars.
Citizen science and integrative taxonomy reveal a great diversity within Caribbean Chaetopteridae (Annelida), with the description of one new species

ABSTRACT Chaetopteridae forms a monophyletic clade showing an uncertain position within Annelida. The family has 75 ubiquitous species within four genera that cluster in two well-supported clades (Chaetopterus–Mesochaetopterus and Spiochaetopterus–Phyllochaetopterus) and includes several cryptic species complexes. Based on integrative taxonomy and supported by citizen science, here we describe one new and two unnamed species of Caribbean chaetopterids. Partial sequences from the nuclear 18S rRNA and mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I genes of all known chaetopterid genera allowed us to (1) discuss the phylogeny of the family and (2) assign the three species into Mesochaetopterus (two) and Phyllochaetopterus (one). Mesochaetopterus stinapa, sp. nov. clearly diverged from all species of the genus, whereas Mesochaetopterus aff. xerecus forms a separate clade with Mesochaetopterus rogeri (Europe) and Mesochaetopterus xerecus (Brazil). Phyllochaetopterus aff. verrilli forms a separate clade with Phyllochaetopterus arabicus (Red Sea) and the closely related sequences from Hawai’i, Australia and French Polynesia attributed to Phyllochaetopterus verrilli (or cf. verrilli). Despite observing differences in morphology (e.g. palp colour pattern, presence or absence of eyespots, chaetal morphology and arrangement) and biogeographical distributions, only the erection of M. stinapa as a new species is well supported by the genetic distance, barcoding gap and species discrimination analyses. Our results emphasise the existence of cryptic species complexes within Mesochaetopterus and Phyllochaetopterus, whose taxonomy will require further morphological, biogeographical and molecular data to be resolved.
Environment and mate attractiveness in a wild insect

Abstract The role of female choice in sexual selection is well established, including the recognition that females choose their mates based on multiple cues. These cues may include intrinsic aspects of a male’s phenotype as well as aspects of the environment associated with the male. The role of the spatial location of a potential mate has been well studied in territorial vertebrates. However, despite their role as laboratory models for studies of sexual selection, the potential for insects to choose their mates on the basis of location has scarcely been studied. We studied a natural population of individually tagged crickets (Gryllus campestris) in a meadow in Northern Spain. Adults typically move between burrows every few days, allowing us to examine how pairing success of males can be predicted by the burrow they occupy, independent of their own characteristics. We observed the entirety of ten independent breeding seasons to provide replication and to determine whether the relative importance of these factors is stable across years. We find that both male ID and the ID his burrow affect the likelihood that he is paired with a female, but the burrow has a consistently greater influence. Furthermore, the two factors interact: the relative attractiveness of an individual male depends on which burrow he occupies. Our finding demonstrates a close interaction between naturally and sexually selected traits. It also demonstrates that mate choice studies may benefit from considering not only obvious secondary sexual traits, but also more cryptic traits such as microhabitat choice.
Expression of miR-155 in Serum Exosomes in Children with Epilepsy and Its Diagnostic Value

Objective This study was designed to analyze the expression of miR-155 in serum exosomes in children with epilepsy and to explore its diagnostic value. Methods From March 2020 to March 2021, 43 hospitalized children with epilepsy admitted to the Department of Neurology of the hospital were included, and another 43 gender- and age-matched healthy children were randomly selected as the healthy control group during the same period. Then fasting serum samples of the two groups were collected to extract the exosomes. The morphology of the exosomes was evaluated under a transmission electron microscope, and the expression of specific protein markers on the surface was detected by Western Blot. In addition, the relative expression of miR-155 in serum exosomes in children with epilepsy with different courses of the disease and different degrees of abnormal electroencephalography (EEG) was compared, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (ROC-AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-155. Results A higher relative expression level of miR-155 in serum exosomes was obtained in the epilepsy group, as compared to the healthy control group (P<0.05), and the relative expression of miR-155 in serum exosomes in children with epilepsy was correlated with the course of the disease and the degree of abnormal EEG (both P<0.05). In addition, the expression of miR-155 in serum exosomes showed high diagnostic efficiency for epilepsy (AUC = 0.813, P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of miR-155 in serum exosomes in children with epilepsy is up-regulated, and its level is related to the course of the disease and the degree of abnormal EEG, so miR-155 in serum exosomes may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and assessment of the severity of epilepsy.
Predicting the Inelastic Response of Base Isolated Structures Utilizing Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Network

Indeed, utilizing a base isolation system in RC structures can remarkably minimize the possibility of failure, particularly in seismic-prone countries. Despite that, the design of these structures is a long procedure that consists of choosing the appropriate isolator to optimize the nonlinear behavior of the superstructure. Moreover, the numerical simulations require huge computational effort when high accuracy is required. In recent decades, scientists and engineers have applied numerous estimation approaches such as multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks to decrease the required cost and time for daily design problems. Thus, this study's main objective is to solve the difficulty of rapid response prediction by using soft-computing techniques. Additionally, it aims to study the capability of multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks in estimating the seismic performance of base-isolated RC structures under earthquakes. A nonlinear response history analysis of four different lead rubber-bearing isolated RC structures will be performed in order to determine the responses of these structures. Subsequently, the prediction models will be developed using the responses of the structures as inputs for multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks. Lastly, the reliability of both estimation approaches in terms of the response of base-isolated structures will be investigated by comparing the prediction models' capability. In general, the results of the study show that artificial neural networks provide considerably better accuracy in estimating base-isolated structures compared to multiple linear regression, and their performance results in reliable prediction. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-06-07 Full Text: PDF
Las organizaciones sindicales como agentes de cambio colaborativo. El modelo inclusivo-participativo de empresa

Este artículo analiza, desde la perspectiva sindical, la propuesta del modelo inclusivo-participativo de empresa (MIPE), diseñada y consensuada por diferentes personas pertenecientes al mundo político, sindical y empresarial de Euskadi. Pese a la existencia de diversas experiencias en empresas participativas en la mayoría de países de la Unión Europea, en nuestro país, este modelo de empresa ha tenido escaso desarrollo e implementación práctica, estando en proceso de gestación. La fundamentación teórica de la participación y la identificación de los modelos existentes delimita la discusión teórica. A través de entrevistas personales mantenidas con representantes de los sindicatos más representativos de Euskadi (CCOO, CGT, ELA, LAB y UGT) y de la Asociación de Amigos de Arizmendiarrieta (ALE) y la Fundación Arizmendiarrieta, como entidades promotoras del MIPE, el estudio aporta un análisis cualitativo de las potencialidades y limitaciones que presenta el modelo, así como la identificación de los elementos clave a tener en consideración en su diseño institucional y organizacional, de cara a su desarrollo en la praxis empresarial. El trabajo aporta elementos de análisis que pueden servir a un debate más completo e informado sobre la participación de las personas trabajadoras en la empresa y permitir así avanzar, desde el ámbito sindical, en el desarrollo de modelos de empresa participativos.
DC-Signal Injection for Stator-Resistance Estimation in Symmetrical Six-Phase Induction Motors Under Open-Phase Fault

Multiphase machines are often chosen due to their enhanced fault tolerance. Six-phase ones are especially convenient because they may be fed by off-the-shelf three-phase converters. In particular, those with symmetrical windings offer superior postfault capabilities. On the other hand, estimation of the stator resistance is important for purposes such as thermal monitoring and preserving control performance. Resistance estimation by dc-signal injection provides low sensitivity to parameter deviations compared with other techniques. It has previously been shown that the dc signal can be added in the nontorque-producing ($x$–$y$) plane of a six-phase machine to avoid the torque disturbances that typically arise in three-phase machines. However, extending this method to the case of an open-phase fault (OPF) is not straightforward because of the associated current restrictions. This article addresses dc-signal injection in a symmetrical six-phase induction motor with an OPF. It is shown that, in contrast to healthy operation, the postfault dc injection should be carefully performed so that minimum copper loss, peak phase current, and zero-sequence braking torque are achieved. A solution that attains optimum performance in all these aspects simultaneously is proposed. Adapted controller and resistance estimation are also presented. Experimental results confirm the theory.
Singleton kinds and singleton types

In this dissertation I study the properties of singleton kinds and singleton types. These are extremely precise classifiers for types and values, respectively: the kind of all types equal to [a given type], and the type of all values equal to [a given value]. Singletons are interesting because they provide a very general and modular form of definition, allow fine-grained control of type computations, and allow many equational constraints to be expressed within the type system. This is useful, for example, when modeling the type sharing and type definition constraints appearing in module signatures in the Standard ML language; singletons are used for this purpose in the TILT compiler for Standard ML. However, the decidability of typechecking in the presence of singletons is not obvious. In order to typecheck a term, one must be able to determine whether two type constructors are provably equivalent. But in the presence of singleton kinds, the equivalence of type constructors depends both on the typing context in which they are compared and on the kind at which they are compared. In this dissertation I present MIL0, a lambda calculus with singletons that is based upon the representation used by the TILT compiler. I prove important properties of this language, including type soundness and decidability of typechecking. The main technical result is decidability of equivalence for well-formed type constructors. Inspired by Coquand's result for type theory, I prove decidability of constructor equivalence for MIL 0 by exhibiting a novel—though slightly inefficient—type-directed comparison algorithm. The correctness of this algorithm is proved using an interesting variant of Kripke-style logical relations: unary relations are indexed by a single possible world (in our case, a typing context), but binary relations are indexed by two worlds. Using this result I can then show the correctness of a natural, practical algorithm used by the TILT compiler.
Statement of uncertainty principle for quantum measurements in terms of the Renyi entropies

The aim of the work is to give the explicit proofs of the Renyi-entropy uncertainty relations presented in the previous work [A. Rastegin, arXiv:0805.1777]. The relations with both the state-dependent and state-independent entropic bounds are proved. For a pair of POVM measurements the two relations are obtained. The first of them is generalization of the known results, whereas the second is quite alternative. It is shown that both these relations are meaty. The important case of POVM's with one-rank elements is extra discussed. The measurements designed for distinction between two non-orthogonal quantum states are considered as examples.
Landauer vs. Boltzmann and Full Dispersion vs. Debye Model Evaluation of Lattice Thermal Conductivity

Using a full dispersion description of phonons, the thermal conductivities of bulk Si and Bi2Te3 are evaluated using a Landauer approach and related to the conventional approach based on the Boltzmann transport equation. A procedure to extract a well-defined average phonon mean-free-path from the measured thermal conductivity and given phonon-dispersion is presented. The extracted mean-free-path has strong physical significance and differs greatly from simple estimates. The use of simplified dispersion models for phonons is discussed, and it is shown that two different Debye temperatures must be used to treat the specific heat and thermal conductivity (analogous to the two different effective masses needed to describe the electron density and conductivity). A simple technique to extract these two Debye temperatures is presented and the limitations of the method are discussed.
Dehydration Rate and a Novel Model to Aid Search and Relief for Undocumented Border Crossers in the Sonoran Desert

There has been a proliferation of geographic literature exploring the fatal effects of immigration policy since the early 2000s. Studies have used geographic information systems (GIS) and predictive modeling to explore potential relationships between border protection infrastructure, environment, and migrant death. Although some studies have used GIS to determine the probable effects of heat stress, none have included the potential perspiration as a limiting factor to pedestrian travel in an arid environment during daylight hours. Heat exposure is the leading cause of mortality for migrants in the desert regions of the U.S.–Mexico border, and humans rely on water to regulate temperature. For a more systematic methodology and higher precision, we calculated the maximum distances a person could walk in Arizona’s Sonoran Desert accounting for sweat rate. The locations of recovered human remains (RHR) correlate with water usage and increased difficulty of pedestrian travel. Further, our results showed at higher precision a significant correlation of mortality and spatial rates of dehydration and demonstrate that sweat rate is a better predictor of RHR location than heat or slope alone and will be more informative for search and relief operations in the region.
Stability of hot tachyon gas

We consider a tachyon gas that obeys Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. The sound speed is always subluminal and it tends to the limiting minimum value $c_s=1/\sqrt{2}$ in non-relativistic gas (at low temperature), decreasing monotonously with the growth of temperature and attaining ultra-relativistic limit $c_s=1/% \sqrt{3}$ at high temperature. The hot tachyon gas always satisfies the causality.
Inhomogeneous influence of the Atlantic warm pool on United States precipitation

On interannual time scales, the warming of the Atlantic warm pool (AWP) is associated with a tripole sea surface temperature (SST) pattern in the North Atlantic and leads to more rainfall in the central and eastern US. On decadal‐to‐multidecadal time scales, the AWP warming corresponds to a basin‐wide warming pattern and results in less precipitation in the central and eastern US. The inhomogeneous relationship between the AWP warming and US rainfall on different time scales is largely due to the sign of mid‐latitude SST anomaly. The negative mid‐latitude SST anomaly associated with the tripole pattern may enhance the low sea level pressure over the northeastern North American continent and also enhance the barotropic response there of the AWP‐induced barotropic Rossby wave. This strengthened low pressure system, which is not exhibited when the warming is basin‐wide, results in a different moisture transport variation and thus the rainfall pattern over the United States.
Ensemble Capsule Network with an Attention Mechanism for the Fault Diagnosis of Bearings from Imbalanced Data Samples

In order to solve the problem of imbalanced and noisy data samples for the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings, a novel ensemble capsule network (Capsnet) with a convolutional block attention module (CBAM) that is based on a weighted majority voting method is proposed in this study. Firstly, the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) method was used to decompose the raw vibration signal into different IMF signals, which are noise reduction signals. Secondly, the IMF signals were input into the Capsnet with CBAM in order to diagnose the fault category preliminarily. Finally, the weighted majority voting method was utilized so as to fuse all of the preliminary diagnosis results in order to obtain the final diagnostic decision. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed ensemble of Capsnet with CBAM, this method was applied to the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings with imbalanced and different SNR data samples. The diagnostic results show that the proposed diagnostic method can achieve higher levels of accuracy than other methods, such as single CNN, single Capsnet, ensemble CNN and an ensemble capsule network without CBAM and that it has stronger immunity to noise than an ensemble capsule network without CBAM.
ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN EGYPT: DOES PUBLIC INVESTMENT MATTER?

The global transition to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has stimulated a holistic role of development planning to formulate national strategies and meet the global goals by 2030. Massive investment – particularly public investment – has crucially been regarded as a fundamental planning tool that reflects the strategies’ priorities. In addition, this transition was conducive to expanding the usage of the indicators criterion to measure development: adjusted net saving (ANS) is regarded as a composite index to measure the degree of sustainable development (SD) of a country. Accordingly, as an ex-post evaluation, this work aims to empirically examine the role of allocated public investment, in different sectors, as explanatory variables in promoting the SD in Egypt throughout the period 1990– 2019. In doing so, the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) has been applied to test the cointegration relationship between SD and public investment. The research further employs the error correction model (ECM) to explore the short-run relationship. The empirical results revealed that while public investment in goods and social services sectors stimulated SD, it was not so for the transportation and storage sector. The short-run result ensures the same findings. Having this finding means that public investment in the transportation sector is not a supportive channel for SD achievement. Building on the empirical results, this research recommends re-allocating public investment in favour of the human capital and industrial sectors, considering them good channels to enhance the sustainability conditions in Egypt. Moreover, adopting a sustainable transportation strategy, considering clean and green energy, is a proactive measure to mitigate the side effect of the transportation projects. These findings shed light on the vital role that directing public investment toward specific channels can make in promoting the SD of a country.