Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant activity and physico-chemical characterstics during development of Prosopis cineraria pods

Prosopis cineraria commonly called ‘khejri’ is highly versatile tree supporting wildlife, human beings and livestock in Indian desert. It is used as food, fodder, fixes atmospheric nitrogen, stabilizes sand dunes and its fruits are consumed fresh as well as after drying. Pods were sampled at 5 developmental stages viz., S1(3.5 cm), S2 (5.7 cm), S3 (9.2 cm), S4 (15.3 cm), S5 (17.4 cm, naturally dried pods on tree) to evaluate the changes in phytonutrients (total sugars, reducing sugars, protein and total phenol) and antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide scavenging and ferric reducing power assay during fruit development from S1 to S5. Total soluble sugar content increased from S1 stage (47.1 mg-1f.wt.) to S5 stage (64.28 mg-1f.wt.), reducing sugar and sucrose content also increased from 20.65 mg-1f.wt to 29.45 mg-1f.wt and 18.75 to 33.84 mg-1f.wt, respectively. Free amino acid and protein content increased during the development of the pods from very young to ripened stage. Whereas, total phenol content (TPC) was high at S1 stage (229.59 mg-1f.wt.) as compared to S5 stage (55.24 mg-1 g.f.wt.). DPPH radical scavenging activity decreased from 78.46 to 22.72 % during fruit development but ferric reducing activity increased with maturity of the pods. The study is significant in evaluating phytochemical and antioxidant activities of the fruits that are consumed in every season by the local rural people. This study may help in prioritization of these local underutilised fruits as they are rich in some of the phytonutrients and antioxidants.
Effect of Ultrasound on L-leucine Production by Corynebacterium Glutamicum in Fed-batch Culture

Background: Various process intensifications are proposed to improve process efficiency, quality, and safety of fermented products. With the market significantly growing, the production process of L-leucine needs significant improvements to increased productivity and yield. Ultrasound, a process intensification, is an emerging and fast-growing technology due to its wide range of applications in food science and fermentation industry. Results: By optimizing the time points and parameters of ultrasound, the biomass of Corynebacterium glutamicum CP was significantly improved. The response surface methodology was adopted to create prediction profiler model and optimize sonication conditions. C. glutamicum CP fermentation at conditions of ultrasonic power of 94 W/L, frequency of 25 kHz, interval of 31 min, and duration of 37 s produced 52.89 g/L of L-leucine in 44 h, increased by 21.6% compared with the control. The production performance of L-leucine was also improved under ultrasonic treatment. Moreover, the cell morphology of C. glutamicum CP were more irregular, elongated, and swollen cells under the ultrasonic condition. The cell permeability of C. glutamicum CP and the activity of key enzymes with ultrasonic treatment were significantly higher than the control. Conclusions: We successfully obtain the optimum ultrasonic conditions to produce L-leucine in fed-batch culture. The results indicate that ultrasonication is an efficient intensification process for enhancing fermentation to produce L-leucine from C. glutamicum CP.
Money, Agency, and Self-Care among Cisgender and Trans People in Sex Work

Many qualitative studies about the exchange of sex for money, drugs, and less tangible outcomes (i.e., social status) contend that this activity contributes to high levels of internalized stigma among people in sex work. The cis (n = 33) and trans people (n = 5) who participated in our project about health, violence, and social services acknowledged the stigma associated with sex work but were not governed by the dominant discourse about its moral stain. They shared nuanced insights about the relationship between sex work and self-respect as people who use their earnings to mitigate the struggles of poverty and ongoing drug use, and care for themselves more broadly. This study sheds new light on the ways that cis and trans people negotiate issues of money, agency, and self-care, contributing to the literature on consensual sex work that examines different aspects of stigma, safety, and health with a nuanced, non-binary gender analysis.
Modelling seasonal and intraseasonal variations of circulation,temperature, salinity and sea level in the Bellingshausen Seaand on the Antarctic Peninsula shelf

The objective of the study is to simulate using numerical methods the seasonal and intraseasonal variations of circula-tion, sea level, temperature and salinity in the Bellingshausen Sea and on the shelf of the western part of the Antarctic Penin-sula (WAP). The Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model with an unstructured triangular horizontal grid and a vertical local sigma coordinate system and ice dynamic-thermodynamic Finite-Element Sea Ice Model were applied. Heat, momentum and salt fluxes were set on the ocean surface using the ERA5 reanalysis data. At the open boundaries, the vertical distribution of temperature and salinity was determined according to the COPERNICUS reanalysis. At the western open boundary of the computational domain, the vertical distribution of velocity of currents from COPERNICUS was also specified, whereas at the open eastern boundary the level deviations were specified. Time variability analysis of sea level wasperformed using wavelet analysis. The results of modelling of the sea level, temperature, and salinity fields for 2014–2015 were compared with the available observational data on the shelf of the WAP, including data from the Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition. The simulated horizontal and vertical distributions of the subsurface layer with minimum of potential temperature Tmin (Winter Water) are given. The depth of the Tmin varies in the range of 10–100 m increasing to the north. The values of minimum of po-tential temperature Tmin also increase to the north from –1.8 to 1.2 °C. The intraseasonal oscillations of sea level computed by the model for 2014—2015 were analysed together with data of observations at the tidal stations Faraday/Akademik Vernadsky and Rothera located at the coast of WAP. In the range 1–150 days the largest amplitudes of the level scalegrams were found for a period of approximately 100 days in 2014 and 120 days in 2015 at both stations. The largest amplitudes of modelled level scale-grams were observed with a period of approximately 88 days in 2014 and 80 days in 2015 at both stations. The largest amplitudesof scalegrams for Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) were found for a period of 105 days in 2014 and 123 days in 2015. The corresponding correlation coefficients between observed sea level scalegrams and AAO for 2014 were 0.84 and 0.86, respectively, whereas for 2015 they were 0.87 and 0.90, respectively. It was concluded that the relationship between intraseasonal processes in the ocean in West Antarctica and AAO existed at a time scale of about 100 days.
Food niche of solitary and social bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in a Neotropical Savanna

In this study we investigated the group of floral resources that support bee populations from a bee assemblage in a savanna, and the way in which bee species use these food resources, with an emphasis on the breadth and overlap of trophic niches. The interactions between 75 species of bees and 62 species of plants visited to obtain floral resources were recorded on a Brazilian savanna site. The bee species explored a diverse set of plant species, but concentrated the collection of resources in a few plant species. The distribution of the samples over a long period favored a robust characterization of the food niche of the bee populations. Byrsonima sericea, Serjania faveolata, and Stigmaphyllon paralias were the plant species with the highest number of links with bees. In general, the trophic niche overlap was low, with 75% of pairs of bee species having a niche overlap (NO) less than 0.33. Only four pairs showed high overlap (NO>0.70) and all cases were related to the exploitation of floral resources provided by B. sericea, a key resource for the maintenance of the local bee fauna, an oil and pollen provider.
Moisture Distribution in Porous Oxide and Polymer Over-Layers and Critical Relative Humidity and Time of Wetness for Chloride and Non-Chloride-Bearing Atmospheres for Atmospheric Corrosion of Metals

Global Level of Connected Moisture (GLCM) and total moisture content (TMC) in porous over-layers on metals play a vital role in atmospheric corrosion. Using a model based on Kelvin condensation and Extended Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm these are computed as a function of relative humidity (RH) for 17 different over-layers with varying degrees of affinity to water. GLCM exhibits a critical RH (RH∗) but TMC does not. The computed RH∗ agrees with the experimental result for iron for selected model parameters. RH∗ values are computed for several metal oxide and polymer over-layers on metals in chloride-bearing and non-chloride-bearing atmospheres. RH∗ of chloride-bearing atmospheres is found to be less than that of non-chloride-bearing atmospheres. A new formula is advanced for time of wetness using GLCM. Using RH and temperature data obtained from India Meteorological Department for three cities, time of wetness (TOW) is computed for the 17 systems. These results are compared with the predictions of a simplistic formula presently available.
Plane waves in anisotropic elastic–plastic material with voids

Dispersion equation is derived for the propagation of one-dimensional plane waves in a general linear anisotropic isothermal elastic–plastic material with voids. The plasticity of the considered material is defined through the dislocation of a single slip plane and direction. The derived dispersion equation is then reduced for the relevant wave propagation in particular media, namely, monoclinic, orthotropic, transversely isotropic, and isotropic elastic–plastic material with voids. In general, it is found that there exist four basic waves traveling with distinct speeds in these specific anisotropic elastic–plastic materials with voids. A new wave is found to appear because of the presence of plasticity in the material. Out of the four basic waves traveling in an orthotropic/transversely isotropic material with voids, a wave travels independent of plasticity and void parameters, whereas the remaining three waves depend on plasticity as well as on the presence of voids. The one which is traveling independent of plasticity and voids is nondispersive and nonattenuating, whereas the other waves are dispersive in nature. The speeds of all the existing waves are computed numerically for a specific model, displayed graphically, and discussed.
The effect of Fe on crystal structure and elasticity superhydous Phase H under high pressure by First-principles calculations

Being one of the potentially important hydrous phases of the lower mantle, it is important to study the properties of phase H to understand the structure and composition of the mantle. The crystal structure, elastic modulus, and seismic wave velocity of phase H under different Fe concentrations (0, 12.5, 25, 100 at%) at 16–60 GPa were calculated by the first-principles simulation. The density of phase H linearly increases with increasing Fe concentration. The iron concentrations of 35.5–84.3 at% lead to densities matching the mantle density profile at different depths of the Earth. The effects of Fe on different elastic constants show varying tendencies. The K value increases with the Fe concentration, while the G value decreases. The values for Vp and Vs increase almost linearly with the rise in pressure. The Vp and Vs values decrease with increasing Fe content. The wave velocities of the pure-Mg phase H and Fe-bearing phase H are close to the typical velocity of the Earth at 500–1400 km depth. The FeOOH-AlOOH-MgSiH2O4-FeSiH2O4 system may be responsible for the observed seismic properties of LLSVP in the Earth’s lower mantle. The quantitative effect of Fe on the density, elastic moduli (K and G), and wave velocities (Vp and Vs) are listed as fitted equations. These results help to infer the Fe concentration and structure of the deep Earth.
Performance Improvement Design of Bluetooth Low Energy-Based Wireless Indoor Positioning Systems

The systematic design of wireless indoor positioning systems can offer another essential approach to achieving the required performance objectives aside from using suitable location determination algorithms. This manuscript investigates Bluetooth Low Energy- (BLE-) based wireless indoor positioning systems and how adjusting the system design parameters can affect their location determination performance. Without placing emphasis on sophisticated location determination algorithms, this work provides guidelines for how a system designer can control the balance among multiple positioning performance metrics. For example, a balance between the number of installed reference nodes and the accuracy performance can be chosen to control deployment costs, such as the installation expense, infrastructure expense, and installation time. To demonstrate our baseline study, we compare three different designs of BLE wireless indoor positioning system that utilize location determination algorithms based on proximity, trilateration, and scene analysis. These designs are also compared over two different building sizes, which are medium and large. The design model and performance analysis data were based on our actual implementation of the hardware and software system for a BLE wireless indoor positioning system. Specifically, the received signal strength indication data were collected from our prototype reference nodes. The findings from our study indicated that a proximity-based system can only provide fair location accuracy performance (average error distance of 5 m to 7 m) making it unsuitable for applications that require high accuracy. For medium location accuracy performance (average error distance of 3 m to 5 m), the trilateration-based system can achieve the highest efficiency in terms of number of installed reference nodes over the accuracy. The trilateration-based system can reduce the number of installed reference nodes by 154% to achieve the same level of accuracy as the scene analysis-based system. For good location accuracy performance (average error distance ≤ 3 m), the scene analysis-based system yields the highest scalability performance in terms of installed reference nodes. The scene analysis-based system can reduce the number of reference nodes by 40% and 113% to achieve the same accuracy performance when compared with trilateration and proximity-based systems, respectively. Finally, the validation results from the actual installation of Bluetooth-based indoor positioning systems confirmed that our proposed framework can help the system designers to achieve the required performance goal.
Character Schools in Supporting Character Education in Students

Character education is stated as value education, character education, moral education, character education which aims to develop the ability of all school members to make good and bad decisions, exemplify, maintain what is good & realize that good in everyday life wholeheartedly.Character education is placed as the foundation for realizing the vision of national development, namely realizing a society with noble, moral, ethical, cultured, and civilized characters based on the philosophy. This is at the same time an effort to support the realization of the ideals as mandated in the Pancasila and the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution. In addition, the various problems faced by our nation today have increasingly encouraged the enthusiasm and efforts of the government to prioritize character education as the basis for educational development.
Molecular Docking Demonstration of the Liquorice Chemical Molecules on the Protease and ACE2 of COVID-19 Virus.

COVID-19 has spread rapidly in many countries of the world and poses a serious threat to global public health, yet no specific drug has been identified or currently available for its treatment. Since it may take years to design a drug for treatment, the shortest and most effective way now is to screen the available drugs or active substances by molecular docking methods. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential for use in COVID-19 treatment by investigating the inhibitory effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra main active ingredients on COVID-19 main protease (SARS-CoV-2,), SARS-CoV-2 - ACE2 Complex and ACE-2 by molecular docking method, which are known to have antiviral effects on SARS-CoV. Molecular docking was performed by use of Autodock 4.2 to analyse the probability of docking. Several compounds that extracted from the root of the licorice plant (glycyrrhizic acid, glabridin, 6-azauridine, pyrazofurin and mycophenolic acid) was docked COVID-19 Mpro and docking results were analysed by Autodock 4.2 and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer 2020. The evaluation was based on the docking score (binding energies) calculated by Autodock 4.2. Nelfinavir was used as standards for comparison. As a result of the study, the compounds of Glabridin in COVID-19 main protease (6LU7), ACE-2 (1R4L) and SARS-CoV-2, - ACE2 Complex (6LZG) have very low binding energy (-8.75 to -7.64) and low potential to inhibition constant has been found to have. These results suggests that Glabridin appeared to have the best potential to act as a COVID-19 Mpro inhibitors. However, further research is necessary to investigate their potential medicinal use.
The Strategy of Madrasah in Developing Civil Society at State Islamic Senior High School III Yogyakarta

The growth of advanced society gave birth to independent community groups. Therefore, social change needs to be anticipated so that people are not dictated by change and are able to act affirmatively. Madrasah as an Islamic educational institution is very important for Indonesia's future to contribute in building civil society. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively assimilate the madrasah strategy as an Islamic educational institution in building civil society. This is a qualitative research with a qualitative-naturalistic approach by collecting data from literature research as well as field research, the data obtained are then followed by stages, namely description, data reduction, data selection, data analysis, discussion, and conclusions. The results of the study showed the strategies of madrasah as Islamic Education institutions to build civil society, namely (1) Madrasah lays the most rational basis for taking internal and external steps by instilling moral law, unity in diversity, community-based social system, with the aim of improving the positive image of madrasah in the community. (2) The systemic role of madrasah realizes civil society with some program: first, organizing a school’s community service program (SKN) in the established target villages with the aim of appreciating the knowledge taught in madrasah to the community. second, the development of religious social skills, students will acquire life skills by carrying out various activities that have the spirit of Islam in the community: educating students to play an active role in society, introducing madrasah to the outside world in order to build a society that is democratic, religious, tolerance, independent and tough to face internal and global challenges towards civil society.
The content of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A and TNFα in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes after therapy with metformin

Currently the world society is extremely worried about the global increase in the number of patients with diabetes on our planet. annually, 4 million people die of this disease, and the cost of its treatment reaches trillions of dollars. A new highly effective oral antidiabetic drug metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) is one of the most common hypoglycemic remedies currently prescribed for the first-line treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanism of its curative effect is still not clear. The results of our study showed that metformin treatment of patients with newly diagnosed T2D was followed by pronounced normalization of the increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A and TNFα), inflammation indexes and lymphocyte’s immunophenotype. The obtained data confirm the existing hypothesis about the inflammatory nature of T2D and indicate that the immune system, in particular proinflammatory cytokines, plays a significant role in the mechanism of the curative effect of metformin at T2D.
Budget Education and Management as a Necessity for Well-Being and Financial Stability: Cluster & MDS Analysis

From antiquity to modernization, the budget is portrayed as one of the main factors in economic and social life. This paper analyzes the relationship between education and budget management as a necessity for well-being and financial stability. This shows that the use of knowledge during the budget cycle management depends on the education and combination of many factors coming from the environment where the individual or family operates. Here it is explained how Cluster and MDS analysis in interaction with other statistical tests explain the similarities or the differences between the observation groups from Kosovo, Western Balkan countries and European Countries (KO & EU & WBC), related to emergency funds, saving, registration of transactions of revenues or expenditures, financial decision-making, control and budgetary practices. The research is argued from empirical findings giving a new approach through detailed recommendations for variables of observation groups on the personal budget.