Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Fibre Bragg Grating as Strain Sensor for Property Intrusion

Abstract: This study will demonstrate a strain sensor based on the optical Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing technology as it is known to have stable and reliable wavelength and response as function of the applied strain. This kind of sensor can perform accurate measurements of small ground vibration and monitor seismic activity thanks to their high sensitivity to dynamic strains induced by acceleration variation which can use to prevent property intrusion or burglary. To understand the FBG sensor more, few of its characteristics such as strain, spectral reflectivity and bandwidth and their connection with the fibre grating length and refractive index is being studied. Keywords: Fibre Bragg Grating(FBG); strain sensor; strain; spectral reflectivity; bandwidth; fibre grating length; refractive index; safety; property intrusion.
An Enhancing Fault Current Limitation Hybrid Droop/V-f Control for Grid-Tied Four-Wire Inverters in AC Microgrids

Microgrid integration and fault protection in complex network scenarios is a coming challenge to be faced with new strategies and solutions. In this context of increasing complexity, this paper describes two specific overload control strategies for four-wire inverters integrated in low voltage four-wire alternating current (AC) microgrids. The control of grid-tied microgrid inverters has been widely studied in the past and mainly focused on the use of droop control, which hugely constrains the time response during grid-disconnected operation. Taking into account the previous knowledge and experience about this subject, the main contribution of these two proposals regards providing fault current limitation in both operation modes, over-load capability skills in grid-connected operation and sinusoidal short-circuit proof in grid-disconnected operation. In the complex operation scenarios mentioned above, a hybrid combination of AC droop control based on dynamic phasors with varying virtual resistance, and voltage/frequency master voltage control for grid-(dis)connected operation modes are adopted as the mechanism to enhance time response. The two proposals described in the present document are validated by means of simulations using Matlab/Simulink and real experimental results obtained from CENER (The National Renewable Energy Centre) experimental ATENEA four-wire AC microgrid, obtaining time responses in the order of two-three grid cycles for all cases.
Infinite bound states and 1/n energy spectrum induced by a Coulomb-like potential of type III in a flat band system

In this work, we investigate the bound states in a one-dimensional spin-1 flat band system with a Coulomb-like potential of type III, which has a unique non-vanishing matrix element in basis ∣1〉. It is found that, for such a kind of potential, there exists infinite bound states. Near the threshold of continuous spectrum, the bound state energy is consistent with the ordinary hydrogen-like atom energy level with Rydberg correction. In addition, the flat band has significant effects on the bound states. For example, there are infinite bound states which are generated from the flat band. Furthermore, when the potential is weak, the bound state energy is proportional to the potential strength α. When the bound state energies are very near the flat band, they are inversely proportional to the natural number n (e.g., E n ∝ 1/n, n = 1, 2, 3, …). Further we find that the energy spectrum can be well described by quasi-classical approximation (WKB method). Finally, we give a critical potential strength α c at which the bound state energy reaches the threshold of continuous spectrum. After crossing the threshold, the bound states in the continuum (BIC) would exist in such a flat band system.
Lateral Load Path and Capacity of Exterior Decks

AbstractExterior decks must be designed to resist all applicable load cases. Vertical (gravity) loads are well defined, but less is known about designing decks for lateral loading. The focus of this study was to better understand the ultimate strength and load paths of two common deck constructions subjected to monotonic lateral loading. A portion of a conventional light-frame wood-floor diaphragm was built, to which the decks were attached. One deck was constructed with a lateral hold-down tension connector and the other deck had no hold-down tension connector. The lateral resistance and load path of each deck were investigated by applying a monotonic force through the centroid of the deck surface. The ledger board was connected to the house rim board with lag screws. Forces in each lag screw and hold-down connecting the deck to the diaphragm were recorded. Preliminary tests revealed a weakness in the deck joist–to–deck ledger connection; this was resolved by using joist hangers that featured a perpendic.
Characterisation of the progenitors for the mouse anteroposterior axis

Elongation of the mouse anteroposterior axis depends on a small population of progenitors initially located in the primitive streak and later in the tail bud. Gene expression and lineage tracing have shown that there are many features common to these progenitor tissues throughout axial elongation. Retrospective single cell marking experiments indicate a stem cell progenitor for the myotome and the spinal cord in the primitive streak and its descendant, the tail bud. However, the identity and exact location of the progenitors is unclear from these analyses. First, I performed a detailed gene expression analysis using genes known to play a role in axis elongation (T (Brachyiiry), Fgf8 and Wnt3a) and the homologues of genes expressed in the Xeno pus tail (Evxl (Xhox3), Foxa2 (Pintczllavis) and Cdx2 (Xcad3). Comparison of the gene expression patterns showed a consistent set of expression domains that was continuous throughout axis elongation. This gives further support to the idea that tail bud formation in the mouse, as shown in other vertebrates, is a continuation of gastrulation. However, in the mouse, we have not detected a new wave of gene expression coinciding with tail elongation, as seen in Xenopus. Furthermore, the different domains of gene expression described in Xeno pus do not always match the domains in mouse. In addition, we have found that up to 2 days before the end of axial elongation, expression of the majority of tail bud markers decreases drastically. Intriguingly, high level of T expression continues until 13.5 dpc when axial elongation stops. Since FgfS and Wnt3a are thought to maintain T expression, this implies either a very slow loss of these proteins or compensation by other family members. Secondly, from experiments started during my MRes and finished during my PhD, we have shown that ingression of ectodermal cells to the mesoderm layer continues even after posterior neuropore closure around the 35-somite stage, as previously observed in chick. Furthermore, grafts of one of the regions of the tail bud, named the chordoneural hinge (CNH) region by analogy to an equivalent structure in Xeno pus and chick, showed it had properties expected of a stem cell population. When transplanted to
SDN-Enabled 3C Resource Integration in Green Internet of Electrical Vehicles

With the advocacy of green renewable energy, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have gradually become the mainstream in the automobile market. Due to the finite edge resources of the Internet of EVs, this paper integrates idle communication, caching and computational resources of EVs to enrich the available resources for vehicular task migration. Considering the limited capacity and resources of EVs, a distributed lightweight imitation learning-based efficient Task cOoperative migration Policy Integrating 3C resource policy, named TOPIC, is proposed to maximize the obtained quality of service. The experimental results based on the real-world traffic dataset of Hangzhou (China) demonstrate the QoS obtained based on the expert policy and agent policy of TOPIC is about 3 times higher than other representative policies.
Realization of a fail-safe train wheel sensor using electromagnetic induction

A wheel detector is described as a method for detecting the approach of a train on a railroad without using any vehicle-mounted devices. Wheels of the train are detected as the change in the magnetic coupling between two coils located on either side of the rail. The coils are placed on one metal plate so that high sensitivity and reliability can be achieved. The wheel detector produces two fail-safe output signals having different characteristics when it fails. One output signal indicates the wheel detection state by the failure of any detector component, while the other indicates the wheel nondetection state by the failure of any detector component. Fail-safe window comparators are used to obtain these characteristics. The two binary output signals are related as mutually negative information and are produced as complementary output signals with double rails. The output signals allow fail-safe logic operations, including logic negations. >
Lateral Flow Immunoassay Coupled with Copper Enhancement for Rapid and Sensitive SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Detection

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still raging all over the world. Hence, the rapid and sensitive screening of the suspected population is in high demand. The nucleocapsid protein (NP) of SARS-CoV-2 has been selected as an ideal marker for viral antigen detection. This study describes a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) based on colloidal gold nanoparticles for rapid NP antigen detection, in which sensitivity was improved through copper deposition-induced signal amplification. The detection sensitivity of the developed LFIA for NP antigen detection (using certified reference materials) under the optimized parameters was 0.01 μg/mL and was promoted by three orders of magnitude to 10 pg/mL after copper deposition signal amplification. The LFIA coupled with the copper enhancement technique has many merits such as low cost, high efficiency, and high sensitivity. It provides an effective approach to the rapid screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of the suspected population in the COVID-19 outbreak.
Development of a Nature-inspired Flare Command Algorithm

The natural world has long been a source of inspiration for engineering solutions to technical problems. With demand for air transport set to increase by two to three times over the next two decades, there is concern that the increased cockpit and ground-based automation that is being introduced will remove the flight crew further from the aircraft control loop. This will make it all the more difficult to take back control either in emergency situations or for planned manual flight phases, for example the transition from an automated approach to a manual flare. The cockpit displays in place to assist the pilot have evolved since manned flight began. It was considered timely, therefore, to take a fresh look at their design and development. The ecological approach to motion perception and its later incarnation, Tau Theory, has been used as a basis for this task. These theories are one attempt to explain how motion is guided in the natural world. A series of in-flight and simulated flare maneuvers have been analyzed using Tau Theory and two types of flare identified. One of these flare types demonstrates a linear relationship between the constant rate of change of tau adopted by the pilot for the flare and the touchdown velocity achieved. This relationship has been used to develop a tau-based flare command display. The tau concept has been tested against a number of existing displays or concepts. It was found that the tau-based format performed at least as well as a current state-of-the-art jet transport head-up display in terms of touchdown velocities achieved and consistency of touchdown position on the runway. The unrefined dynamics of the tau-display during the transition between the steady approach condition and the flare command resulted in pilots considering it to be a higher workload format than the state-of-the-art display used. Nonetheless, the approach and philosophy behind the tau display design is considered to be worth pursuing and additional applications are suggested.
ELECTRICALLY SMALL ANTENNA INSPIRED BY SPIRED SPLIT RING RESONATOR

A simple metamaterial resonator structure based efficiency electrically small semi-circular loop antenna (ESSCLA) is proposed. It is demonstrated numerically that capacitance offered by the simple metamaterial resonator structure can counteract the inductive impedance of the ESSCLA at the resonance frequency. The overall structures of ESSCLA can be fabricated on one dielectric substrate, and match conjugate to a 50Ohm coaxial transmission line source without additional matching network. The size of the proposed ESSCLA is ka = 0.6745 by Chu limit. The resonance frequency is 3.2239 GHz, and impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10) is from 3.19GHz to 3.26GHz about 0.07GHz, the relative bandwidth is about 2.2%. The measure results accord with the simulation results well. The peak gain is 4.58 dB. The radiation efficiency is 97.81%, the overall efficiency is 96.71% at the resonance frequency. The proposed antenna has advantages of efficiency, high gain, low cost, small size, and light weight and will be applied to wireless communication systems for required small antennas. Corresponding author: Z. Duan (dzhangshan@126.com). 48 Duan, Qu, and Hou
Benefits of New Principal Preparation Program in Indonesia

This study aimed to examine the benefits of a new principal preparation program (PPP) in Indonesia in this decentralization era. A qualitative interpretive approach was employed. The participants consisted of eight principals of public schools in Yogyakarta who graduated from the new PPP. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and document analysis. Data were then analyzed using the grounded theory method which included open coding and analytic induction. The trustworthiness criteria were used to ensure the quality of the data. The findings showed that the principals who graduated from the PPP felt the benefits of the recruitment and selection system which was standardized and rigorous. Also, the training for the prospective principals helped them to develop their managerial competencies, leadership skills, and self-confidence. Keywords: principal preparation program, school principal
Short-term travel time forecasts for transport information system in Hong Kong

In this paper, a case study is carried out in Hong Kong for demonstration of the Transport Information System (TIS) prototype. A traffic flow simulator (TFS) is presented to forecast the short-term travel times that can be served as a predicted travel time database for the TIS in Hong Kong. In the TFS, a stochastic deviation coefficient is incorporated to simulate the minute-by-minute fluctuation of traffic flows within the peak hour period. The purposes of the case study are: 1) to show the applicability of the TFS for larger-scale road network; and 2) to illustrate the short-term forecasting of path travel times in practice. The results of the case study show that the TFS can be applied to real network effectively. The predicted travel times are compared with the observed travel times on the selected paths for an OD pair. The results show that the observed path travel times fall in the 90% confidence interval of the predicted path travel times.
Automatic Identification of Addresses: A Systematic Literature Review

Address matching continues to play a central role at various levels, through geocoding and data integration from different sources, with a view to promote activities such as urban planning, location-based services, and the construction of databases like those used in census operations. However, the task of address matching continues to face several challenges, such as non-standard or incomplete address records or addresses written in more complex languages. In order to better understand how current limitations can be overcome, this paper conducted a systematic literature review focused on automated approaches to address matching and their evolution across time. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, resulting in a final set of 41 papers published between 2002 and 2021, the great majority of which are after 2017, with Chinese authors leading the way. The main findings revealed a consistent move from more traditional approaches to deep learning methods based on semantics, encoder-decoder architectures, and attention mechanisms, as well as the very recent adoption of hybrid approaches making an increased use of spatial constraints and entities. The adoption of evolutionary-based approaches and privacy preserving methods stand as some of the research gaps to address in future studies.
Differences between European regional innovation systems in terms of technological and economic characteristics

This study aims to identify different types of regional innovation systems (RISs) and explain regional dynamic changes, in terms of technological specialization and economic characteristics, between periods. We firstly collect various variables on regional level from EPO (European Patent Office) and REGIO database to extract and construct regional characteristics. Secondly, these characteristics are used to distinguish the differences between RISs, e.g. high-tech RISs and low specialization RISs. According to our empirical results, we find that some regional characteristics, such as high-tech specialization and high innovativeness, have highly close relationship within RISs. Furthermore, the comparison between periods shows us different characteristics in technological specializations in early stage lead RISs toward different RISs in economic performance, technological development and innovativeness.
GLOBAL STABILIZATION WITH IMPROVED PERFOMANCE FOR LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH ACTUATOR SATURATION

This paper deals with the global stabilization problem of linear systems with saturating actuators. Global stabilization is achieved by scheduling a parameterized control law constructed from a parameterized solution of the algebraic Riccati Equation (ARE). The scheduling algorithm is guided by the magnitude of the control signal and reduces conservativeness of similar existing schemes. Several important properties of this algorithm regarding its functionality, design parameters, implementation issues, and capabilities are discussed. Simulation results for a case study are included illustrating the main features of the control scheme and the overall performance of the closed loop system.
The Intricate Interplay between Cell Cycle Regulators and Autophagy in Cancer

Simple Summary Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic program regulated by multiple external and internal cues. A large amount of evidence unraveled that cell-cycle regulators are crucial in its control. This review highlights the interplay between cell-cycle regulators, including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, cyclin-dependent kinases, and E2F factors, in the control of autophagy all along the cell cycle. Beyond the intimate link between cell cycle and autophagy, this review opens therapeutic perspectives in modulating together these two aspects to block cancer progression. Abstract In the past decade, cell cycle regulators have extended their canonical role in cell cycle progression to the regulation of various cellular processes, including cellular metabolism. The regulation of metabolism is intimately connected with the function of autophagy, a catabolic process that promotes the efficient recycling of endogenous components from both extrinsic stress, e.g., nutrient deprivation, and intrinsic sub-lethal damage. Mediating cellular homeostasis and cytoprotection, autophagy is found to be dysregulated in numerous pathophysiological contexts, such as cancer. As an adaptative advantage, the upregulation of autophagy allows tumor cells to integrate stress signals, escaping multiple cell death mechanisms. Nevertheless, the precise role of autophagy during tumor development and progression remains highly context-dependent. Recently, multiple articles has suggested the importance of various cell cycle regulators in the modulation of autophagic processes. Here, we review the current clues indicating that cell-cycle regulators, including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and E2F transcription factors, are intrinsically linked to the regulation of autophagy. As an increasing number of studies highlight the importance of autophagy in cancer progression, we finally evoke new perspectives in therapeutic avenues that may include both cell cycle inhibitors and autophagy modulators to synergize antitumor efficacy.
Simulation study of virtual flux based direct power control for three-phase PWM rectifiers

In this paper, direct power control (DPC) of three-phase PWM rectifiers without line voltage sensors is presented. The new system is based on virtual flux (VF) estimation. Theoretical principle of this method is discussed. The steady state and dynamic behaviour of VF-DPC are presented that illustrate the operation and performance of the proposed system compared to a conventional DPC method. Both strategies are also investigated under unbalance and pre-distorted grid. It is shown that VF-DPC exhibits several advantages, particularly in providing sinusoidal line current when the supply voltage is not ideal. Some test results show the excellent performances of the proposed system.
Discourses shaping the language-in-education policy and foreign language education in Nepal: an intersectional perspective

ABSTRACT Language policy and planning in Nepal has been contested due to the co-existence of multiple contradictory discourses concerning teaching and learning of local, national, foreign, and international languages. Recently a multilingual policy was issued to create space for the once-banned ethnic/indigenous languages in public schooling, further complexifying the landscape. A few studies have paid attention to teaching and learning of the lesser taught ethnic/indigenous and foreign languages; however, what discursive orientations have contributed towards enabling (or constraining) the use of such languages in education and how have yet to receive scholarly attention. Framed by the perspectives of the intersectionality of discourses, and drawing on in-depth interviews with policymakers, headteachers, teachers, students, and their parents of five schools of Nepal, this paper concludes that the interplay between broader discourses such as globalisation, neoliberal marketisation and nationalism has played a significant role in shaping language policy decisions and localised practice of language(s). It also reveals that the spaces for ethnic/indigenous languages in education are delimited, in preference of English, Nepali, and other emerging foreign languages, leading to their further marginalisation. Such trends diminish the potential use of lesser taught languages, threatening Nepal’s multilingual education policy towards sustaining existing linguistic diversity.
New integration algorithms for estimating motor flux over a wide speed range

This paper proposes three new integration algorithms for motor flux estimation. The algorithms are developed to solve the problems associated with a pure integrator. Of the proposed integration algorithms, one with adaptive control has the best performance. This algorithm can effectively eliminate the nonlinear distortion produced by amplitude limiters used in the other two. The DC drift problem associated with the pure integrator is also solved. The adaptive algorithm can accurately estimate the motor flux over a wide speed range (100:1, i.e., 60 to 0.6 Hz). The performance of the algorithms is investigated and compared. Experiments on a PWM CSI-fed synchronous motor drive have been carried out to verify the proposed algorithms.