Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAIZE , FISH , AND DEER : INVESTIGATING DIETARY STAPLES AMONG ANCESTRAL HURON-WENDAT VILLAGES , AS DOCUMENTED FROM TOOTH SAMPLES

Following the entry of Zea mays to northeast North America, Northern Iroquoian populations expanded their numbers and range. Isotopic values from bone collagen have shown fluctuations in reliance on this dietary staple. With permission of the Huron-Wendat Nation of Wendake, Quebec, we measured dCenamel, dCdentine and dNdentine from 167 permanent teeth, retained before reburial of their ancestral skeletons, and dCcollagen and dNcollagen from adhering bone (n = 53). Enamel values encapsulate diet from ca. 1.5 to 4 years of age; dentine values reflect later childhood. Teeth are from 16 ancestral Huron-Wendat sites in southern Ontario. Isotopic values show consistent reliance on maize from early fourteenth to sixteenth centuries, with higher reliance in the seventeenth century—the time of contact with Europeans and disruptive changes. We show a difference between the diets of children and adults; children consumed more maize and less animal protein. Whitetailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) did not exploit maize fields, reflecting hunters’ exploitation of distant regions. New values from fish species (n = 21) are pooled with prior data, demonstrating diverse C and N stable isotope patterns. American eel (Anguilla rostrata) is particularly variable. Dietary protein sources were variable compared to the stability of maize: a reliable source of carbohydrate food energy across four centuries.
Automated Parameter Tuning of Artificial Neural Networks for Software Defect Prediction

Defect prediction can help predict defect-prone software modules and improve the efficiency and accuracy of defect location and repair, which plays an extremely important role in software quality assurance. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), a family of powerful machine learning regression or classification models, have been widely applied for defect prediction. However, the performance of these models will be degraded if they use suboptimal default parameter settings (e.g., the number of units in the hidden layer). This paper utilizes an automated parameter tuning technique-Caret to optimize parameter settings. In our study, 30 datasets are downloaded from the Tera-PROMISE Repository. According to the characteristics of the datasets, we select key features (metrics) as predictors to train defect prediction models. The experiment applies feed-forward, single hidden layer artificial neural network as classifier to build different defect prediction models respectively with optimized parameter settings and with default parameter settings. Confusion matrix and ROC curve are used for evaluating the quality of the models above. The results show that the models trained with optimized parameter settings outperform the models trained with default parameter settings. Hence, we suggest that researchers should pay attention to tuning parameter settings by Caret for ANNs instead of using suboptimal default settings if they select ANNs for training models in the future defect prediction studies.
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF METRONIDAZOLE AND DILOXANIDE FUROATE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY RP-HPLC

A simple, precise, rapid, specific and accurate reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Metronidazole and diloxanide furoate in pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation was performed on Inertsil ODS 3V, 4.6x250mm, 5μm column, with mobile phase comprising of mixture of buffer (pH 5.5, adjusted with phosphate buffer), acetonitrile and methanol in the ratio of 30:20:50 v/v, at the flow rate 1 ml/min. The detection was carried out at 241 nm. The retention times of Metronidazole and diloxanide furoate were found to be 2.2 and 3.7 mins respectively with a run time of 6 mins, theoretical levels for Metronidazole and diloxanide furoate were 3351 and 5094 respectively, with a resolution of 8.422. As per ICH guidelines the method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, robustness and ruggedness. Linearity of Metronidazole was found in range of 60-140 μg/mL and that for Diloxanide furoate was found to be 75-175 μg/mL. The correlation coefficient for Metronidazole and diloxanide furoate was 0.99 and 0.99 respectively. The LOD values for Metronidazole and diloxanide furoate were 6.89 and 3.92 μg/mL respectively. The LOQ values for Metronidazole and diloxanide furoate were and 20.87 and 11.88 μg/mL respectively. This demonstrates that the developed method is simple, precise, rapid, selective, accurate and reproducible for simultaneous estimation of Metronidazole and diloxanide furoate tablet dosage form.
Fire-sale FDI in Europe during the financial crisis ?

We investigate how the financial crisis affected foreign direct investment (FDI) of corporate assets. In particular, we test whether „fire-sale FDI‟ occurred by analyzing the number of cross-border transactions, the price of corporate assets and the impact of credit and macroeconomic conditions. The „fire-sale FDI‟ hypothesis contends that countries most affected by the crisis attract more foreign buyers and sell their assets at a discount. Using a panel of corporate transactions in 27 EU countries from 1999 to 2012, we find a dampening effect of the crisis on FDI for all European countries. Although countries with higher sovereign default risk and lower economic demand seem to attract more foreign buyers in the crisis period, lower domestic credit is associated with less FDI activity. Corporate assets in crisis countries are cheaper, particularly if domestic credit is low, but these findings are not limited to the crisis period. This pattern is strikingly different from the East Asian and Latin American financial crisis. Overall, we find little evidence for „fire-sale FDI‟ in Europe during the latest crisis.
Application of Fractional Fourier Transform in Non-stationary Signal Time Frequency Analysis

In this paper, we discuss the definition and properties of Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT), and introduce the application of fractional Fourier transform in the field of non stationary signal processing from the viewpoint of Joint Time-Frequency Analysis . In this paper, the definition, advantages and applications of fractional Fourier transform are analyzed, and the applications of fractional Fourier transform in time-frequency analysis of non-stationary signals is are introduced. Then, the future research direction of this field is prospected.
Dynamics of a dust crystal with positive and negative dust

A dust crystal consisting of charged dust grains of alternating charge sign (…/+/−/+/−/+/…) and mass is considered. Considering the equations of longitudinal motion, a linear dispersion relation is derived from first principles, and then analyzed. Two modes are obtained, including an acoustic mode and an inverse‐dispersive optic‐like one. The nonlinear aspects of longitudinal dust grain motion are also briefly addressed, via a Boussineq and Korteweg‐ de Vries description.
Development of a tool to identify and assess psychosocial and spiritual needs in end-of-life patients: The ENP-E scale

Abstract Objective The goal of this study is to describe the development of a new tool, the Psychosocial and Spiritual Needs Evaluation scale Instrumento de Evaluación de Necesidades Psicosociales y Espirituales del Enfermo al Final de Vida (ENP-E), designed to assess the psychosocial needs of end-of-life (EOL) patients. And, secondarily, to describe the face validity and psychometric properties of this instrument in the Spanish-speaking context. Method The scale was developed through a seven-stage process: (1) literature review; (2) expert panel establishment; (3) discussion and agreement on the most relevant dimensions of psychosocial care; (4) description of key indicators and consensus-based questions to evaluate such dimensions; (5) assessment of the scale by external palliative care (PC) professionals; (6) evaluation by patients; and (7) analysis of scale's psychometrics properties. To assess content validity, 30 PC professionals and 20 patients evaluated the questionnaire. To determine psychometric properties, 150 participants completed these scales: the ENP-E; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; item 15 from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative; and the Distress Thermometer. Result All respondents evaluated the tool as “excellent. ” In terms of construct validity, the internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.74) and temporal stability (test-retest r = 0.74, p < 0.1) were both adequate. On the factorial analysis, four factors (emotional-wellbeing, social support, spiritual, and information) explained 58.4% of the variance. This scale has a sensitivity of 76.3%, specificity of 78.9%, and the cutoff is 28. Significance of results To provide quality PC to EOL patients, it is essential to determine the psychosocial factors that influence well-being. This requires the use of reliable and specific instruments. The ENP-E is a novel tool that provides a systematic, holistic assessment of the psychosocial needs of EOL patients. Its routine use would allow clinicians to monitor such needs over time. This would, in turn, permit comprehensive, highly individualized interventions to improve effective PC approach.
Automorphisms of finite order on Gorenstein del Pezzo surfaces

In this paper we shall determine all actions of groups of prime order p with p > 5 on Gorenstein del Pezzo (singular) surfaces Y of Picard number 1. We show that every order-p element in Aut(Y) (= Aut(Y), Y being the minimal resolution of Y) is lifted from a projective transformation of P 2 . We also determine when Aut(Y) is finite in terms of K 2 Y , Sing Y and the number of singular members in |-K |. In particular, we show that either |Aut(Y)] = 2 a 3 b for some 1 5, there is at least one element gp of order p in Aut(Y) (hence |Aut(Y)| is infinite).
The effect of charge separation in upper cloud layers on thunderstorm electrification - numerical simulations *

Numerical simulations are performed to test the effect of the charge separation that may occur at low cloud temperatures and liquid water contents on thunderstorm electrification. For this purpose, the proposed parameterization in Mitzeva et al. (2006) for charging at low cloud water content and the results of Avila et al. (2011) for charging at cloud temperatures below -37 o C are used. Charge distribution and lightning activity obtained with the above mentioned parameterizations for three simulated idealized cloud cases are compared and contrasted with relevant cases for zero charge transfer in cloud regions with low temperature and liquid water content. The numerical simulations are performed with the 3D non-hydrostatic cloud model MesoNH.
Cryotherapy post-training reduces muscle damage markers in jiu-jitsu fighters

Santos WOC, Brito CJ, Junior EAP, Valido CN, Mendes EL, Nunes MAP, Franchini E. Cryotherapy posttraining reduces muscle damage markers in jiu-jitsu fighters. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 629638, 2012. Although widely used in sports, the efficiency of cryotherapy in reducing muscle damage has been questioned. The present study investigated the acute effects of post-exercise cryotherapy on the expression of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), perceived pain, and muscle strength of the upper limbs in Brazilian jiu-jitsu competitors. Nine highly trained fighters were subjected to two 90-minute training sessions. After the first session, five random subjects were immersed in a pool with ice (5±1°C) for nineteen minutes, and the remaining participants were allocated to the control group. The treatments were reversed in the second session (cross-over design). Analysis of covariance with repeated measures was used to compare outcomes between the groups, and pre-test measures were used as covariates. Pearson’s correlation was adopted to check the strength of the associations between variables. The results showed lower serum CPK concentrations (P<0.05) in the cryotherapy group (504.0±138.7 IU/L) compared to the pre-exercise (532.6 ± 67.9 IU/L) group, and a similar result was observed for LDH (517.4±190.3 vs. 601.8±75.7 IU/L). Cryotherapy resulted in lower (P<0.05) perceived pain (2.2 ± 1.6 vs. 4.2 ± 1.9) and body temperature (34.2±1.3°C vs. 36.3±0.7°C), and an attenuated loss of isometric strength (53.1±18.1 s vs. 42.9±14.5 s). Perceived pain was directly associated (P<0.05) with CPK (r=0.59) and LDH (r=0.475) levels. The results show that post-exercise cryotherapy resulted in lower serum CPK and LDH, hypoalgesia, and greater preservation of isometric strength endurance when compared to the control condition. Key words: COLD WATER IMMERSION, MARTIAL ARTS, CREATINE KINASE, L-LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE, MUSCLE STRENGTH.
Characterization and antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces sp. DOSMB-A107 isolated from mangrove sediments of Andaman Island, India

Department of Ocean Studies and Marine Biology, Pondicherry University, Port Blair744 112, Andaman Islands, India. Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Port Blair, Andaman Islands, India. Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, summer Hill, Shimla, India-171 005. Department of Microbiology, Karpagam University, Echernary, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. [E-mail: sivan.thamilan@gmail.com]
Extended Hybrid Code Networks for DSTC 6 FAIR Dialog Dataset

Goal-oriented dialog systems require a different approach compared to chit-chat conversations in that they should perform various subtasks as well as the dialog itself. Since the systems typically interact with an external database, it is efficient to import simple domain knowledge in order to deal with the external knowledge changes. This paper presents extended hybrid code networks for sixth dialog system technology challenge (DSTC6) Facebook AI research (FAIR) dialog dataset. Compared to the original hybrid code networks (HCNs), we reduced the required hand-coded rules and added trainable submodules. Due to the additional learning components and reasonable domain-specific rules, the proposed model can be applied to more complex domains and achieved 100% accuracies for all test sets.
Near-wall turbulent fluctuations in the absence of wide outer motions

Abstract Numerical experiments that remove turbulent motions wider than ${ \lambda }_{z}^{+ } \simeq 100$ are carried out up to ${\mathit{Re}}_{\tau } = 660$ in a turbulent channel. The artificial removal of the wide outer turbulence is conducted with spanwise minimal computational domains and an explicit filter that effectively removes spanwise uniform eddies. The mean velocity profile of the remaining motions shows very good agreement with that of the full simulation below ${y}^{+ } \simeq 40$ , and the near-wall peaks of the streamwise velocity fluctuation scale very well in the inner units and remain almost constant at all the Reynolds numbers considered. The self-sustaining motions narrower than ${ \lambda }_{z}^{+ } \simeq 100$ generate smaller turbulent skin friction than full turbulent motions, and their contribution to turbulent skin friction gradually decays with the Reynolds number. This finding suggests that the role of the removed outer structures becomes increasingly important with the Reynolds number; thus one should aim to control the large scales for turbulent drag reduction at high Reynolds numbers. In the near-wall region, the streamwise and spanwise velocity fluctuations of the motions of ${ \lambda }_{z}^{+ } \leq 100$ reveal significant lack of energy at long streamwise lengths compared to those of the full simulation. In contrast, the losses of the wall-normal velocity and the Reynolds stress are not as large as those of these two variables. This implies that the streamwise and spanwise velocities of the removed motions penetrate deep into the near-wall region, while the wall-normal velocity and the Reynolds stress do not.
Organizational ambidexterity and the hybrid middle manager: : The case of patient safety in uk hospitals

© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This article focuses on knowledge management in UK hospitals as an area in which organizational ambidexterity (OA) is a necessary condition. In contrast to much of the literature on OA that looks at senior managers, we focus on the role of "hybrid" middle managers, professional workers who hold managerial responsibilities, in ensuring that the quality of care delivered is at an optimum "safe" level for patients. We examine the influence of prevailing tensions and competing agendas characteristic of a professionalized, public-sector context upon knowledge exploitation and exploration at the middle levels of the organization. Our study investigates how these tensions are experienced and reconciled at the individual level. We examine the contextual and personal circumstances that enable hybrid middle managers to forge workable compromises between exploration and exploitation to facilitate OA. We find that this process is contingent on professional legitimacy, social capital, and a holistic professional orientation. This has wider implications for human resource practice to support the discretion and motivation of hybrid middle managers to facilitate OA for enduring performance and advancement of best practice.
A Preliminary Analysis for Measuring Operating Performance of Real Estate Investment Trusts in Taiwan: Net Income vs. Operation Funds

The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trust (NAREIT) has suggested that Net Income (NI) might not be the best measure of operating performance for income-producing real estate, since depreciation measurement based on historical cost is inappropriate for income-producing real estate. Thus, the NAREIT purposes Funds From Operation (FFO) as a supplemental measure for operating performance of income-producing real estate. In Taiwan, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) are a relatively new type of income-producing real estate investment. Since the data on REITs in Taiwan is not yet sufficient, this work uses hotel, tourism and department store industries, or real estate operating firms (REOCs), as a proxy for a preliminary study of REITs in Taiwan. The empirical results show that using a model incorporating both NI and FFO understates the explanatory power of two variables, since multicollinearity occurs. Therefore, the current study separately estimates the information content of NI and FFO, finding that the explanatory power of NI is higher than that of FFO, though the forecasting ability of FFO is higher than that of NI. But the differences between the explanatory power and forecasting ability of NI and FFO are very small. The results show that NI and FFO are both informative for income-producing real estate in Taiwan. Keywords: Net Income, Fund From Operation, Real Estate Investment Trusts
The role of indocyanine green fluorescence for intersegmental plane identification during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery segmentectomies.

Background According to recent studies, thoracoscopic segmentectomy is an acceptable alternative to lobectomy for treating different lung diseases. This approach appears to have equivalent rates of postoperative morbidity with potentially similar long-term results even in selected lung cancer patients. At the same time, surgical success is highly dependent on intraoperative interpretation of segmental anatomy. We aimed to analyze our lung segmentectomy experience and identify the role of indocyanine green (ICG)-fluorescence for intersegmental plane detection. Methods A total of 86 consecutive patients who underwent 90 thoracoscopic segmentectomies with near-infrared-indocyanine green (NIR-ICG) method between September 2015 and December 2017 were investigated. According to the preoperative 3D lung hilar model, vascular and bronchial branches of the target segment were divided. ICG was thereafter injected into the central or peripheral vein. The boundary lines between the areas with and without fluorescence was marked on the visceral pleura by electrocautery. Results The fluorescence was detected immediately after bolus ICG injection in the central vein in all patients but had a time delay of 10-25 seconds in cases of peripheral vein administration. The median duration of intensive ICG staining was 90 seconds, regardless of the injection method. Well-defined fluorescence borders were observed in 86 of 90 (95.6%) segmentectomies due to technical reasons in three cases and severe emphysema in one. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in other patients did not impair the boundary line identification, but reduced the duration of intensive ICG staining. No ICG-related complications were observed. Conclusions The ICG-fluorescence technology is safe and effective for verification of anatomic segment borders for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). The perfusion-based ICG fluorescence technique has advantages for thoracoscopic surgeries compared to other methods. Doubling the dose of ICG allows clear detection of the intersegmental plane, even in certain suboptimal conditions.
Family Instability, Gender, and Overweight Status in Young Adulthood

Purpose: Experiencing family instability during adulthood has an immediate impact on adult women and men’s weight, with adult women gaining weight and adult men losing weight. It is unclear whether experiencing family instability during childhood has a negative accumulating impact on adult weight, placing females at risk for being overweight in young adulthood. We assessed whether female and male young adults differ in overweight status based on the family instability experienced during childhood. Methods: Data from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 was used to estimate the odds of being overweight in young adulthood based on family instability experienced during childhood (n = 5139). Family instability was measured by young adults’ exposure to family structure transitions from birth to the age of 18 as defined by mother’s formation and dissolution of romantic unions. Body mass index was directly assessed in young adulthood. Results: A series of logistic regression models predicted the odds of young adults being overweight or obese. Results indicate that cumulative family structure transitions during childhood increase the odds for young adult females born to married mothers to be overweight by 19%. Family instability, however, does not increase the probability for young adult females nor males born to single mothers to be overweight. Conclusions: Experiencing family instability has a negative accumulating impact on the weight status of young adult females born to married mothers. Interventions during childhood are important to prevent females who experience multiple family transitions from becoming overweight as young adults.
Glassy dynamics in monodisperse hard ellipsoids

We present evidence from computer simulations for glassy dynamics in suspensions of monodisperse hard ellipsoids. In equilibrium, almost spherical ellipsoids show a first-order transition from an isotropic phase to a rotator phase. When overcompressing the isotropic phase into the rotator regime, we observe super-Arrhenius slowing-down of diffusion and relaxation, accompanied by two-step relaxation in positional and orientational correlators. The effects are strong enough for asymptotic laws of mode-coupling theory to apply. Glassy dynamics are unusual in monodisperse systems. Typically, polydispersity in size, a mixture of particle species or network-forming covalent bonds are prerequisite to prevent crystallization. Here, we show that a slight particle anisometry acts as a sufficient source of disorder. This sheds new light on the question of which ingredients are required for glass formation.