Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation of an extracellular Mn-dependent enzyme mineralizing melanoidins from the white rot fungus Trametes versicolor

Culture filtrates of Trametes versicolor exhibits a mineralizing activity on melanoidins (i.e., Maillard polymers) used as model compounds for biorecalcitrant polymers and synthetic humic acids. This activity was strongly enhanced in the presence of Mn2+ (0.1 mM), and the major Mn2+-dependent enzyme system which catalyzes the mineralization was isolated. This enzyme system requires O2, has a molecular mass of 47 kDa estimated from SDS-PAGE, oxidizes NADH in the absence of H2O2, but mineralizes melanoidins in the absence of H2O2 or NADH.
Isoflavone Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Brazilian Soybean Varieties

Thirteen varieties and one new strain of soybean, developed by the Genetic Improvement Program from Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), crop year of 2003, were analysed in relation to their isoflavones profiles and contents. Total isoflavone content varied from 57 to 188mg per 100g of soybeans. Most (90-95%) of the isoflavones were present as glycosilated derivatives. The β-glycosides represented the main forms of the isoflavones in the seed (50 to 59% of the total) followed by malonylglycosides (28 to 39% of the total). The ratio between malonyldaidzin and daidzin varied from 0.44 (Embrapa soyseeds BRS 155) to 0.74 (BRS 185) and between malonylgenistin and genistin from 0.56 (BRS 155) to 0.87 (BRS 185). The total percentage of each isoflavone, corresponding to the sum of the four chemical forms (malonylglycoside, acetylglycoside, β-glycoside and aglycone) varied from 39 to 57% for genistein, 34 to 47% for daidzein, and 8 to 17% of the total for glycitein. Antioxidant activity varied from 37.8 (BRS 214) to 48.9% (BRS 233) of inhibition of the β-carotene bleaching, and a low correlation was found for antioxidant activity and total phenolics content or level and kind of isoflavones.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND APPLICATIONS

EDITORS AND REVIEWER BOARD: Matteo Albani Steven Best Anjan Biswas Henning Braunisch Che-Ting Chan Kwok-Tong Chau Hongsheng Chen Zhi-Ning Chen Dajun Cheng Chung-Kwang Chou Claudio Cuevas Tie-Jun Cui Wen-Bin Dou George Eleftheriades Atef Z. Elsherbeni Hyo-Joon Eom Andrew D. Greenwood Levent Gurel Tarek Habashy Susan Hagness Roger Harrington Randy L. Haupt Bo He Sai-Ling He Akira Ishimaru Koichi Ito Shih-Kang Jeng Jian-Ming Jin Rafi Kastner Che-Young Kim Ahmed Kishk Jay Kyoon Lee Kai-Fong Lee Kun-Chou Lee Dominique Lesselier Le-Wei Li Hao Ling Qing-Huo Liu* Cai-Cheng Lu Kwai-Man Luk* Samir F. Mahmoud Seiji Mano Mahta Moghaddam Juan Mosig Zai-Ping Nie Alain Priou Yahya Rahmat-Samii Li-Xin Ran Juan A. -M. Rojas Edward J. Rothwell Tapan K. Sarkar Edl Schamiloglu Waymond Scott Ari H. Sihvola Ji-Ming Song Johan C. -E. Sten Mei-Song Tong Sergei A. Tretyakov Leung Tsang Nikolaos K. Uzunoglu John L. Volakis Ping-Kong Wai Karl Warnick Dan Weile Bae-Ian Wu Ruey-Beei Wu Ganquan Xie Arthur D. Yaghjian Alexander Yarovoy Wen-Yan Yin Ming Zhang Wen-Xun Zhang Yue-Ping Zhang
Climate change and modelled biome representation in Canada's national park system: implications for system planning and park mandates

Aim The study examined the potential for change in biome representation within Canada's national park system under multiple climate change scenarios and subsequent potential vulnerabilities in Parks Canada policy and planning frameworks. Location The study was conducted for Canada's 39 national parks. Methods The vegetation change scenarios were based on modelling results from the BIOME3 and MAPSS equilibrium process-based global vegetation models (GVM), run with multiple doubled-CO2 climate change scenarios. The six vegetation distribution scenarios were calculated at 0.5° latitude–longitude resolution and the boundaries of 39 national parks superimposed in a geographic information system (GIS). Park management plans and other planning documents were also reviewed as part of the analysis. Results The proportional distribution of biomes in Canada's national park system was very similar (within 3% of area for each biome) using BIOME3 and MAPSS under the current climate. Regardless of the GVM and climate change scenario used, the modelling results suggest the potential for substantial change in the biome representation in Canada's national park system. In five of six vegetation scenarios, a novel biome type appeared in more than half of the national parks and greater than 50% of all vegetation grid boxes changed biome type. The proportional representation of tundra and taiga/tundra in the national park system declined in each of the vegetation scenarios, while more southerly biomes (temperate forests and savanna/woodland) increased (in some scenarios doubling to quadrupling). Results for boreal forest varied among the climate change scenarios. A range of potential vulnerabilities in existing policy and planning frameworks were identified, including the national park system plan, individual park objectives, and fire and exotic species management plans. Conclusions Climate change represents an unprecedented challenge to Parks Canada and its ability to achieve its conservation mandate as presently legislated. Research is needed not only on ecosystem responses to climate change, but also on the capacity of conservation systems and agencies to adapt to climate change.
Commercials as Context for Other Commercials

Most commercials designed to elicit affective reactions do not appear in isolation but frequently together. Consequently, a crucial question arises as to whether ads trigger affective reactions to ads shown in the same pod. The authors report on three experiments that use verbal and nonverbal measurement tools to assess these types of effects. Building on assimilation-contrast theory, they find that context effects such as ad sequence influence affective reactions. Positive results occur when an ad designed to invoke moderate or low emotional responses follows an ad evoking strong or moderately positive affect, whereas there is a threat when such an ad follows a strong negative emotional ad.
Nonlinear response of Silicon Photonics microresonators for reservoir computing neural network

Nowadays, Information Photonics is extensively studied and sees applications in many fields. The interest in this breakthrough technology is mainly stimulated by the possibility of achieving real-time data processing for high-bandwidth applications, still implemented through small-footprint devices that would allow for breaking the limit imposed by Moore's law. One potential breakthrough implementation of information photonics is via integrated photonic circuits. Within this approach, the most suitable computational scheme is achieved by integrated photonic neural networks. In this chapter, we provide a review of one possible way to implement a neural network by using silicon photonics. Specifically, we review the work we performed at the Nanoscience Laboratory of the University of Trento. We present methodologies, results, and future challenges about a delayed complex perceptron for fast data processing, a microring resonator exploiting nonlinear dynamics for a reservoir computing approach, and a microring resonator with the addition of a feedback delay loop for time series processing.
Nest position and type affect predation rates of artificial avian nests in the tropical lowland forest on Mount Cameroon

Nest predation is the leading cause of reproductive failure in birds and thus it shapes their life history strategies. Intensities of nest predation appear to differ among nest locations and types in both temperate and tropical regions. However, there is limited knowledge of factors influencing susceptibility of avian nests to predation in Africa. The aim of our study was to investigate artificial nest predation rates of different ground and shrub nests located at different heights in the rainforest undergrowth. We placed artificial avian nests within a homogeneous lowland forest interior with sparse forest undergrowth in the Mount Cameroon National Park, Cameroon. We exposed three sets of nests: 50 bare-ground, 50 cup-ground and 50 cup-shrub nests, for 10 d. Predation was higher for cup-ground nests compared to cup-shrub nests, and bare-ground nests were more depredated than cup-ground nests. We concluded that the presence of a cup as well as higher nest position significantly increased probability of artificial nest survival. The results of this study suggest a potential selection pressure on nest type and placement in lowland forest birds for a poorly known tropical region.
On expressed yeast-cell plasma (Buchner’s ‘Zymase')

Introduction. -In 1897 a communication was published by Professor E. Buchner in which he described a method by means of which he claimed to have isolated for the first time the active alcoholic ferment from the yeast-cell and to have demonstrated its action upon fermentable sugars. Since then Buchner, mainly in conjunction with Rapp, has from time to time given an account of his further investigations in this direction, and these investigations are still in progress. These further investigations, Buchner considers, are confirmatory of e conclusion drawn by him from his original experiments, viz., that e activity of the yeast-cell as an alcoholic ferment depends upon the tion of a soluble enzyme of an albuminoid character elaborated by e living cell. To this soluble ferment Buchner applies the me “Zymase. ”
Feeding Ecology of Juvenile Lake Sturgeon in the St. Lawrence River System

Abstract We examined the diet of juvenile lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens at five sites in the St. Lawrence River, including two sites in major tributaries (Des Prairies and L'Assomption rivers), two main-stem sites located upstream (Vercheres and Sorel-Berthier islands), and one site located downstream in the estuarine transition zone (ETZ). The benthic fauna was sampled at all sites except in the ETZ. The diets of juvenile lake sturgeon were highly diverse. Of the 74 invertebrate prey taxa identified, approximately 50 occurred in more than 5% of the stomach contents. Most of these prey taxa were of small size. In the three sites where the same sampling strategy and techniques were used, diet varied significantly with sampling site and month. In addition, diet varied significantly with fish length but independently of site and month. Lake sturgeon from the Vercheres Islands exhibited the highest diet diversity, and fish situated in the ETZ exhibited the lowest. Except for one of the five sites (L'Asso.
Functional analysis of heterologous holin proteins in a λΔS genetic background

Holins are small hydrophobic proteins causing non-specific membrane lesions at the end of bacteriophage multiplication, to promote access of the murein hydrolase to their substrate. We have established a λΔS genetic system, which enables functional expression of holins from various phages in an isogenic phage λ background, and allows qualitative evaluation of their ability to support lysis of Escherichia coli cells. Synthesis of Holins is under control of native λ transcription and translation initiation signals, and the temperature-sensitive CIts857 repressor. A number of different holins were tested in this study. The opposing action of phage λ S105 and S107 holin variants in lysis timing could be confirmed, whereas we found evidence for a functionally non-homologous dual translational start motif in the Listeria phage Hol500 holin, i.e., the Hol500-96 polypeptide starting at Met-1 revealed a more distinct lytic activity as compared to the shorter product Hol500-93. The largest holin known, HolTW from a Staphylococcus aureus phage, revealed an early lysis phenotype in the λΔSthf background, which conferred a plaque forming defect due to premature lysis. Mutant analysis revealed that an altered C-terminus and/or a V52L substitution were sufficient to delay lysis and enable plaque formation. These results suggest that the extensively charged HolTW C-terminus may be important in regulation of lysis timing. The gene 17.5 product of E. coli phage T7 was found to support sudden, saltatory cell lysis in the λΔSthf background, which clearly confirms its holin character. In conclusion, λΔSthf offers a useful genetic tool for studying the structure–function relationship of the extremely heterogeneous group of holin protein orthologs.
XV. Yeast sequencing reports. DNA sequence analysis of a 13 kbp fragment of the left arm of yeast chromosome XV containing seven new open reading frames

The sequence of a 13 kbp fragment located in the vicinity of the left telomere of chromosome XV (cosmid pEOA179) has been determined. Seven new open reading frames (ORFs) encoding polypeptides longer than 100 residues have been found (AOB629, AOA342, AOC231, AOE555, AOE236, AOA236 and AOE1045). Three of them show no identity with proteins deposited in the data banks. ORF AOB629 (629 amino acids) has some similarity with previously described ferric reductases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. ORF AOA342 encodes a polypeptide reminiscent of dihydroflavonol‐4‐reductases from a number of plant species. AOE236 displays a high level of identity when compared with peroxisomal membrane proteins previously cloned from the methylotrophic yeast Candida boidinii. Finally, AOE1045 encodes a large protein (1045 residues) with some identity with a hypothetical 147 kDa protein identified during the sequencing of Caenorhabditis elegans chromosome 3. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 13 kbp fragment has been deposited at the EMBL data base (Accession Number Z48239).
Etiology of Fungemia in Neonates: Four Decades of Case Reports

Objectives: To compare groups of etiologic agents for neonatal fungemia based on previously published case reports with regard to case outcomes. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from case reports published in scientific literature indexed in Medline, Scopus and LILACS databases, and starting from the year, full texts were registered until the year 2010. Results: Thirty-four species of fungi were isolated in 252 cases reported over a 40-year period. The distribution of fungal groups according to the development level of a case’s region of origin was very uneven (p Aspergillus sp.) in more developed countries. However, 73% of the chi-squared distribution corresponded to differences observed in the frequency of Candida sp. and non-albicans Candida. While the frequency of candidemia by C. albicans was progressively declining in the period from 1966 to 2010, reports of non-albicans candidemia and other non-Candida fungi became significantly (p albicans Candida or non-Candida fungi were isolated. Conclusion: fungi of the genera Candida and Aspergillus were the etiologic agents most frequently identified in published cases of neonatal fungemia; the outcome of death was more often related to cases where non-albicans Candida or non-Candida fungi were isolated.
CAN NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY BE USED TO IMPROVE ASSESSMENT OF MARINE MAMMAL DIETS VIA FECAL ANALYSIS

We investigated the utility of Near Infrared Spectroscopy as a means to quantify the diet of seals via analysis of feces. A pilot study showed that we could accurately determine the proportion of each species in a mixture of flesh of two species of fish and one squid. Having done so, we then assessed whether the same capacity existed for fecal material. Again we used two species of fish and one squid as the diet components offered to two captive seals (a California sea lion and an Australian fur seal). Five of the six calibrations could accurately and precisely quantify how much of a given diet component the seal had eaten the previous day from an NIR scan of the feces. NIR spectroscopy is theoretically a viable way to quantify seal diets. We discuss the logistical requirements for development of calibration equations for application to a field study. These may be prohibitive in many cases, but in others may be offset by the particular circumstances or objectives of the study. Adoption of NIRS may confer significant benefits in these circumstances.
Calcitox-Metamorphosis in Insects: The Calcium (Ca2+)-Homeostasis System as the Integrated Primordial Receptor System for both Juvenile Hormone and Ecdysteroids1

Changes in titers of Juvenile Hormone(s) [JH(s)], the “status quo” hormone, and the molting hormone 20-OH-Ecdysone (20E), since 2019 also referred to as the anabolic steroid of plant origin named Vitamin D1, are key players in insect metamorphosis. Ecdysterone 20E is a waterand lipid soluble compound. Juvenile hormone (JH) occurs in six sesquiterpenoids isoforms, which are esters of farnesol, all highly hydrophobic compounds with high affinity for cell membranes. They are synthesized by the mevalonate biosynthetic pathway found in uniand multicellular eukaryotes, including the evolutionarily ancient zooflagellates (Opisthokonta), which are presumed as ancestral to all animals. The mevalonate pathway of insects does not include the enzyme squalene synthase. Hence, they cannot biosynthesize cholesterol, the precursor for the biosynthesis of (ecdy)steroid hormones. Cholesterol and plant steroids are utilized as vitamins by insects. What is the mechanism that drastically reduces the titer of JH causing metamorphosis in holometabolous insects? How can the absence of JH cause drastic changes in insect development? Could this be caused by the collapse of Ca-homeostasis after the binding sites for endogenous sesquiterpenoids on Ca channels, Ca2+ pumps, etc. are no longer occupied? What is the exact mode of action of 20E/vitamin D1, not only in insects but also in humans? Are JH and 20E antagonists, as was already postulated during the 1960s? Do both hormones compete for the same receptors? We argue that this is not the case and offer an alternative explanation. First, not only the nuclear, but also the membrane receptors of JH and 20E differ. Second, both hormones seem to antagonistically control Ca2+-homeostasis of target cells. Farnesol, an agonist of JH-biosynthesis, is a potent inhibitor of specific voltage-gated Ca2+channels, and thus inhibits the influx of Ca2+ in target cells. In contrast, upon activation of its membrane GPCR, 20E facilitates the influx of Ca2+ into the cytoplasm. In essence, hormonepropelled changes in intracellular free Ca2+-concentration, [Ca2+]i, are the primordial driving force of complete metamorphosis. This hypothesis explains genomic and non-genomic effects that occur at high or low hormonal titers.
Link Prediction on Latent Heterogeneous Graphs

On graph data, the multitude of node or edge types gives rise to heterogeneous information networks (HINs). To preserve the heterogeneous semantics on HINs, the rich node/edge types become a cornerstone of HIN representation learning. However, in real-world scenarios, type information is often noisy, missing or inaccessible. Assuming no type information is given, we define a so-called latent heterogeneous graph (LHG), which carries latent heterogeneous semantics as the node/edge types cannot be observed. In this paper, we study the challenging and unexplored problem of link prediction on an LHG. As existing approaches depend heavily on type-based information, they are suboptimal or even inapplicable on LHGs. To address the absence of type information, we propose a model named LHGNN, based on the novel idea of semantic embedding at node and path levels, to capture latent semantics on and between nodes. We further design a personalization function to modulate the heterogeneous contexts conditioned on their latent semantics w.r. t. the target node, to enable finer-grained aggregation. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets, and demonstrate the superior performance of LHGNN.
Enhancement of Antioxidative Activity of Codonopsis lanceolata by Stepwise Steaming Process

In general, stepwise hot steaming process is known to be effective in improving its biological activities; however, not much employed in processing Codonopsis lanceolata due to its hardness. In this study, C. lanceolata was first pretreated with warm water at and for two hours, then steamed for 3 hours. Antioxidant activities of 70% ethanol extracts were compared with the extract from the water solvent: 41.58% vs 8.98% of DPPH radical scavenging activity in adding of steamed extract and water extract, respectively. Reducing power of steamed and fresh C. lanceolata were also measured as 1.39 and 0.71. Total poly phenolic of the steamed extract was estimated as 12.11mg/g, compared to 3.98mg/g fresh C. lanceolata. Total flavonoid contents were also obtained as 11.48mg/g, compared to 7.11mg/g of fresh C. lanceolata. In comparing phenolic acids profiles in the extract, in general higher amounts of gallic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid were obtained possibly by easy release of active components during thermal processing, which results in better antioxidant activities than that of water extract. This findings can also be supported by result that the ethanol extract showed better activities than the water extract.
Assessing Domain Gap for Continual Domain Adaptation in Object Detection

To ensure reliable object detection in autonomous systems, the detector must be able to adapt to changes in appearance caused by environmental factors such as time of day, weather, and seasons. Continually adapting the detector to incorporate these changes is a promising solution, but it can be computationally costly. Our proposed approach is to selectively adapt the detector only when necessary, using new data that does not have the same distribution as the current training data. To this end, we investigate three popular metrics for domain gap evaluation and find that there is a correlation between the domain gap and detection accuracy. Therefore, we apply the domain gap as a criterion to decide when to adapt the detector. Our experiments show that our approach has the potential to improve the efficiency of the detector's operation in real-world scenarios, where environmental conditions change in a cyclical manner, without sacrificing the overall performance of the detector. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/dadung/DGE-CDA.
NOTES ON THE HABITS OF ANTHIDIUM COLLECTUM HUARD

Dr. Herbert F. Schwarz has recently considered the relationship of Anthidium collectum Huard and A. angelarum Titus. After a study of the facts at hand, he says: “I think tliere can be little doubt that the insects represent one species to which the name collectum applies by virtue of priority. ” From a review of the literature there seems to be no record of the nesting habits of this bee.
Gα12 and Gα13 Stimulate Rho-dependent Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Focal Adhesion Kinase, Paxillin, and p130 Crk-associated Substrate*

We examined whether constitutively active mutants of the Gα proteins Gα12 and Gα13, which together comprise the G12 subfamily of Gα proteins, induce Rho-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the focal adhesion proteins p125 focal adhesion kinase, paxillin, and p130 Crk-associated substrate. We report that transient expression of the constitutively active mutants of Gα12 or of Gα13 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of a set of proteins ofM r of 110,000–130,000, 97,000, and 60,000–70,000. We identified p125 focal adhesion kinase, paxillin, and p130 Crk-associated substrate as prominent tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing constitutively active Gα12 and Gα13. In common with the increased tyrosine phosphorylation of these proteins mediated by mitogens acting through heptahelical receptors, the Gα12- and Gα13-mediated increase in tyrosine phosphorylation is blocked by cytochalasin D, which specifically disrupts the actin cytoskeleton, and by the Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme, which ADP-ribosylates and inactivates Rho. Our results support the hypothesis that Gα12 and Gα13activate Rho and suggest that Gα12 and Gα13may mediate the tyrosine phosphorylation of p125 focal adhesion kinase, paxillin, and p130 Crk-associated substrate.