Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of extracts of C. igneus (or C. pictus) for hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in alloxan diabetic rats.

IJPT | March 2010 | Vol. 2 | Issue No.1 | 183-195 Page 183 ISSN: 0975-766X Available Online through Research Article www.ijptonline. com COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EXTRACTS OF C. IGNEUS (OR C. PICTUS) FOR HYPOGLYCEMIC AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY IN ALLOXAN DIABETIC RATS. Panagal Mani, R. Arun kumar*, T.M. M.John Bastin, S.jenifer, Muthuvel Arumugam, 1 Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, A.V. V.M Sr i Pushpam College, Poondi, Thanjavur-613 503, Tamil Nadu, India. 2 PG and Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Marudhu Pandiyar College, Thanjavur613 403, Tamil Nadu, India. PG and Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, T amilvel Umamaheswaranar Karanthai ArtsCollege, Thanjavur613002, Tamil Nadu, India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamal ai University, Parangipettai – 608 502, Tamilnadu, India. Received On: 10-02-2010 Accepted On: 25-02-2010
DINE: A Next Generation Diet Management and Evaluation System

Abstract Currently, the Recommended Dietary Allowances (1989), the Dietary Goals for the United States (1977), the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (1990), the Nutrition Facts Label, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Health and Human Services (USDA/HHS, 1992) Food Guide Pyramid are the major standards used to assess the nutritional adequacy of eating patterns and to provide food guidance for Americans. None of these guidelines has a composite scoring system and is inclusive of all the important nutrients. The DINE evaluation process was developed, based on national nutrition objectives, to quickly and accurately evaluate food choices using a straightforward scoring procedure with predictor nutrients. The DINE process also includes a diet management system that provides a comparison of an individual's actual diet with his or her ideal diet and personalized messages. Evaluations with diversified populations were conducted over a 10-year period to develop and to refine the process.
Adverse childhood experiences of young adults in Latvia

Violence against children is actually as serious public health, human rights, legal and social issue in Latvia. Currently there is a significant amount of information available about the negative long term influence of adverse childhood experience on human health. Goal of the survey was to identify the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences among young adults of Latvia and analyse data on self evaluation of health conditions of respondents and health complaints in relation to adverse childhood experiences. Method of survey was printed questionnaires to be filled by respondents. Study was conducted in five biggest cities of Latvia. Target group of this study was students of secondary schools and professional schools 18-year-old and older. 1223 successful filled questionnaires were used for data analysis. Results of survey shows that in total only 16.9% of respondents have not got serious adverse experience during their childhood. Respondents who have got serious adverse experiences have worse health behavior (30% of them smoked and 27% started smoke before 14 age; 45.1% of them have problems with alcohol use and 33% used narcotic substances) and have different health complains and worse health self assessment (43% of them have bad health self assessment). 34% of these students seek medical advice more then five times a year. Results of survey will be used for development of new policy on prevention of domestic violence.
Qualify of Life of Forensic Psychiatric Inpatients

In this article, the quality of life (QoL) of mentally disordered offenders was investigated. The data of 44 forensic psychiatric inpatients were analyzed using the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile (LQoLP), Rehabilitation Evaluation Hall and Baker (REHAB), and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R). Outcome on the LQoLP was compared with data of hospitalized male psychiatric patients. Results show that the QoL of forensic psychiatric inpatients was particularly low as to their living conditions and their health. However, compared to general psychiatric patients they encountered fewer problems with envisioning their life as having some meaningful perspective. On six of the ten domains, nonpsychotic forensic psychiatric patients reported a lower, though nonsignificant, QoL as compared to the psychotic forensic psychiatric patients. Between psychopathic and nonpsychopathic forensic psychiatric patients no significant differences were found. A trend was found for the domain finances for which nonpsychopaths reported a lower quality of life. Our hypothesis that patients with a lower level of functioning will report a lower QoL was not confirmed in this study. However, a significant correlation between general behavior and global well-being was found. Future studies should further investigate the relation between quality of life of forensic psychiatric patients and recidivism, to gain more insight in whether (certain aspects of) QoL are associated with lower recidivism risks in the long run.
Traumatic diaphragma rupture: an experience of 13 cases

Abstract. Diaphragmatic injury is a rare condition, but late diagnosis may be associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to present our experience with the management of this injury. Between 2004 to 2007, 13 patients with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture or diaphragmatic hernia were treated. We described the findings in patients, who had operated urgent or had complaints due to intestinal obstruction months to years after an injury. All patients were male and mean age was 23.1 years. Diaphragmatic rupture was left-sided in all patients. Six of these patients had blunt and the remaining 7 had penetrating trauma. Diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture was established in less than 24 hours in 4 patients. In the remaining 9 patients, who developed intra- throracic herniation of abdominal organs, diagnostic delay ranged from 12 to 48 months. The most frequent herniated organ was transverse colon. Non-absorbable sutures were used for closure of the defect. Complication rate was 30% and no death was observed. After blunt or penetrating trauma in upper abdomen and distal chest, a high index of suspicion is important to diagnose diaphragmatic rupture. Late presentations are associated with increased morbidity. Key words: Blunt/penetrating trauma, diaphragmatic rupture, diaphragmatic hernia, complication
CD28 and associated signalling elements of T lymphocyte signalling

1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION. 2 1. The Immune System 3 1.01 Antigen Presentation 3 1.02 The Role of T cells 4 1.1 T cell Activation 6 1.11 Structure and Function of the T cell Receptor Complex 6 1.12 TCR Proximal Signalling Events 7 1.13 Structure, Function and Regulation of PTKs 10 1.2 Costimulatory Effects of CD2, CD28 and LFA-1 13 1.21 ICAM-1 13 1.22 LFA-3 13 1.23 CD80 and CD8 6 13 1.24 CD28 and CTLA4 14 1.25 Functional Effects of CD28 Stimulation 16 1.3 Biochemical Signalling through CD28 20 1.31 The Cytoplasmic Domain of CD28 23 1.32 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, a Key Effector in CD28 Signalling 26 1.33 CD28 and Cell Cycling 29 1.4 CD28 Proximal and Distal Signals 31 1.41 NFAT 31 1.42 NFkB 32 1.43 API 34 1.5 Sphingomyelin and Ceramide 37 1.51 Ceramide 39 1.52 Ceramide and CD28 43 1.6 Aims of the Project 48 CHAPTER 2 METHODS 50
The prevalence of anxiety, stress, and depression with respect to coping strategies in caregivers of patients with head injuries

Context: Psychological problems are very common in traumatic patients' caregivers necessitating usage of appropriate coping strategies to promote their mental health. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess anxiety, stress, and depression as well as coping strategies in caregivers of patients with head injuries. Settings and Design: In this cross-sectional study, 127 caregivers of traumatic patients referred to educational hospitals of Zabol city were selected by convenience sampling method. Subjects and Methods: The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, as well as Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 and the Jalowiec coping strategies tools. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, independent samples Student's t-test, and multivariate regression model. Results: Our findings showed that more than 70% of the caregivers of patients with head injuries suffered from severe and very severe stress and anxiety. The multivariate regression model demonstrated a negative and significant relationship between either stress (B = −0.81 P = 0.001) or depression (B = −1.23 P = 0.000) and problem-based coping strategies. Furthermore, stress (B = 0.64 P = 0.006) and anxiety (B = 0.74 P = 0.002) were negatively associated with emotional-based coping strategies. Conclusion: Considering the high rates of anxiety, stress, and depression in caregivers of patients with head injuries and significant associations observed between these variables and problem-based strategies, it is necessary to identify and obviate factors leading to anxiety and to educate coping strategies to these individuals.
A Case Series from Rantauprapat, La Belle Indifference: A Coping Mechanism or Is There Something Organic Behind?

BACKGROUND: La belle indifference, a term that is inexhaustible to discuss, albeit there is no single definition that best describes the condition. To date, la belle indifference has gotten no place in the DSM-5 criteria for being a distinct entity of mental health issue. CASE REPORTS: We reported 3 cases with la belle indifference. These patients include a stroke patient with right-sided hemiparesis, a patient suffering from neuropathic pain because of diabetic neuropathy, and a patient with cardiac dyspnea due to chronic heart failure — these three cases presented with a similar clinical profile that is the trigger for developing la belle indifference. CONCLUSIONS: La belle indifference has varying symptom spectrum, and there is always something called “trigger” to induce it.
Endoscopic Management of Pancreaticopleural Fistula in a Child with Hereditary Pancreatitis

Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) a fistulous connection between the pancreas and pleural space due to prolonged chronic pancreatitis (CP). PPF is a very rare complication which presents in 0.4% of chronic pancreatitis cases, especially among children. We report a case involving a 3-year-old boy who presented with pleural effusion caused by a PPF, a complication of hereditary pancreatitis, which was, for the first time in Korea, successfully managed with endoscopic treatment. Chest radiography and computed tomography showed massive pleural effusion. Percutaneous catheter drainage was performed. High amylase levels were observed in the pleural fluid and serum, suggesting PPF. The patient was managed with bowel rest and octreotide infusion. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed CP, and pleural effusion was successfully managed with stent placement. PRSS1 genetic screening revealed R122H mutation.
Effects of Training for Finger Perception on Functional Recovery of Hemiplegic Upper Limbs in Acute Stroke Patients

Background Stroke causes severe disability, including motor and sensory impairments. We hypothesized that upper limb functional recovery after stroke may be augmented by combining treatments for motor and sensory functions. In order to examine this hypothesis, we conducted a controlled trial on rehabilitation for sensory function to the plegic hand. Methods The sensory training program consisted of several types of discrimination tasks performed under blind conditions. The sensory training program was performed for 20 min per day, 5 days a week. An experimental group of 31 patients followed this sensory program, while a control group of 25 patients underwent standard rehabilitation. The efficacy of the intervention was evaluated by the tactile-pressure threshold, handgrip strength, and the completion time of manipulating objects. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess interactions between group and time. Moreover, to provide a meaningful analysis for comparisons, effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d. Results The mean change in the tactile pressure threshold was significantly larger in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05, d = 0.59). Moreover, the completion times to manipulate a middle-sized ball (d = 0.53) and small ball (d = 0.80) and a small metal disc (d = 0.81) in the experimental group were significantly different from those in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The present results suggest that the sensory training program to enhance finger discrimination ability contributes to improvements in not only sensory function but also manual function in stroke patients. The trial is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000032025).
Real-life effectiveness of omalizumab in difficult-to-treat versus severe asthma: a national cohort study in Belgium

Background Guidelines recommend omalizumab in patients with uncontrolled severe allergic asthma. We investigated real-life use of omalizumab, the proportion of patients fulfilling eligibility criteria, its costs and its effectiveness. Method In a cohort of asthma patients initiating treatment with omalizumab in Belgium between 2010 and 2016, we investigated fulfilment of eligibility criteria (chronic use of high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) plus long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and ≥2 severe asthma exacerbations in previous year), and compared hospitalisations and systemic corticosteroid consumption in the year before and after omalizumab initiation. We computed healthcare costs in the respective time periods and compared the cost per prevented hospitalisation in patients fulfilling eligibility criteria versus those who did not. Results Between 2010 and 2016, omalizumab treatment was initiated in 2068 patients with asthma; only 24% fulfilled the eligibility criteria, mainly due to nonadherence to high-dose ICSs + LABAs. The proportion of patients hospitalised for asthma decreased from 41% to 21% in eligible patients (absolute risk reduction, 20%), whereas the absolute risk reduction was 5% (from 19% to 14%) in noneligible patients. The cost per prevented hospitalisation was €44 238 versus €139 495, respectively. Chronic use of systemic corticosteroids was discontinued in 35% of eligible patients versus 15% of noneligible patients. Conclusion In Belgium, omalizumab is mostly initiated in uncontrolled asthma patients who are nonadherent to ICSs + LABAs. Omalizumab decreases hospitalisations and the use of systemic corticosteroids, but at a high cost. Careful management of patients with difficult-to-treat asthma should be a priority before prescribing omalizumab. Only 1 patient in 4 fulfils eligibility criteria for add-on treatment with omalizumab. Omalizumab is effective but expensive, with the largest benefits if the eligibility criteria are met. Careful asthma management is required before starting biologics. http://bit.ly/2ZJkzrq
Correlation between Visual Analogue Scale Score and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-Depression Score in Patients with Cervical Cancer in the Hospital Vina Cancer, Medan

BACKGROUND: Makuza said that every year, 528 thousand new cases occur and approximately 266 thousand women die from cervical cancer. In cancer patients, the symptoms that are often experienced are a pain. The pain was found to be significantly associated with psychiatric disorders. The pain had a strong relationship with mood disorders in cancer patients. AIM: To determine the correlation between scores of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-Depression (HADS-D) in patients with cervical cancer in Vina Cancer Center Hospital in Medan METHODS: This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach to determine the correlation between VAS and HADS-D score between 34 female patients in cervical cancer at Vina Cancer Center Hospital in Medan. RESULTS: VAS was found to be moderate positively significant with HADS-D (p < 0.001, r = 0.59) in patients with cervical cancer in the Hospital Vina Cancer Medan. The value and direction of the correlation (r) VAS and HADS-D score is 0.59. The conclusion drawn value was (p) < 0.001. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between VAS score and HADS-D score in cervical cancer patients, which shows that the higher the VAS score resulted in higher HADS-D scores.
Allies or Enemies—The Multifaceted Role of Myeloid Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment

For decades, cancer was considered a disease driven by genetic mutations in tumor cells, therefore afflicting a single cell type. This simplified view was slowly replaced by the understanding that interactions between malignant cells and neighboring stromal and immune cells—the tumor microenvironment (TME)—profoundly shape cancer progression. This understanding paved the way for an entirely new form of therapy that targets the immune cell compartment, which has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. In particular, agents activating T lymphocytes have become a key focus of these therapies, as they can induce durable responses in several cancer types. However, T cell targeting agents only benefit a fraction of patients. Thus, it is crucial to identify the roles of other immune cell types in the TME and understand how they influence T cell function and/or whether they present valuable therapeutic targets themselves. In this review, we focus on the myeloid compartment of the TME, a heterogeneous mix of cell types with diverse effector functions. We describe how distinct myeloid cell types can act as enemies of cancer cells by inducing or enhancing an existing immune response, while others act as strong allies, supporting tumor cells in their malignant growth and establishing an immune evasive TME. Specifically, we focus on the role of myeloid cells in the response and resistance to immunotherapy, and how modulating their numbers and/or state could provide alternative therapeutic entry-points.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to Improve Gait in Multiple Sclerosis: A Timing Window Comparison

Unilateral weakness of the lower limb is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) and a significant contributor to the progressive worsening of walking ability. There are currently no effective rehabilitation strategies targeting strength asymmetries and/or gait impairments in people with MS (PwMS). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has improved motor outcomes in various populations, but the effect of tDCS on gait in PwMS and the ideal timing window of tDCS application are still unknown. This study investigated the effects of tDCS, either before or during a 6 min walk test (6MWT), on the distance walked and gait characteristics in PwMS. Twelve participants were recruited and randomly assigned into BEFORE or DURING groups (both n = 6). The BEFORE group received stimulation before performing a 6MWT (sham/2 mA, 13 min). The DURING group received stimulation only during a 6MWT (sham/2 mA, 6 min). Stimulation was over the more MS-affected primary motor cortex (M1). Distance walked and gait characteristics of the walk were the primary and secondary outcomes. The results indicated a significant decrease in distance walked in the DURING group (p = 0.026) and a significant increase in gait velocity in the BEFORE group (p = 0.04). These changes were accompanied by trends (p < 0.1) in distance walked, gait velocity, and stride length. Overall, the results of this study suggest that tDCS performed before a 6MWT might be more effective than tDCS during a 6MWT and that a single session of tDCS may not be sufficient to influence gait. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials. gov, identifier #NCT03757819.
Developmental Co-expression of Vglut2 and Nurr1 in a Mes-Di-Encephalic Continuum Preceeds Dopamine and Glutamate Neuron Specification

Midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons exist as several subtypes and are found in a heterogeneous environment including GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons as well as various types of co-releasing neurons. Developmental programs underlying this heterogeneity have remained elusive. In this study, combinatorial mRNA analysis was performed at stages when neuronal phenotypes are first specified. Vesicular transporters for dopamine and other monoamines (VMAT2), GABA (VIAAT), and glutamate (VGLUT2) were assessed by systematically applying fluorescent in situ hybridization through the mes-di-encephalon of the mouse embryo at embryonal days (E) 9.5–14.5. The results show that early differentiating dopamine neurons express the gene encoding VGLUT2 before onset of any dopaminergic markers. Prior to its down-regulation in maturing dopamine neurons, Vglut2 mRNA co-localizes extensively with Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) and Nurr1, commonly used as markers for DA neurons. Further, Vglut2 and Nurr1 mRNAs are shown to overlap substantially in diencephalic neurons that maintain a glutamatergic phenotype. The results suggest that Vglut2/Nurr1-double positive cells give rise both to dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurons within the mes-di-encephalic area. Finally, analysis of markers representing subtypes of dopamine neurons, including the newly described NeuroD6 subtype, shows that certain subtype specifications arise early. Histological findings are outlined in the context of neuroanatomical concepts and the prosomeric model of brain development. The study contributes to the current decoding of the recently discovered heterogeneity among neurons residing along the cephalic flexure.
Short-Term Choir Singing Supports Speech-in-Noise Perception and Neural Pitch Strength in Older Adults With Age-Related Hearing Loss

Prior studies have demonstrated musicianship enhancements of various aspects of auditory and cognitive processing in older adults, but musical training has rarely been examined as an intervention for mitigating age-related declines in these abilities. The current study investigates whether 10 weeks of choir participation can improve aspects of auditory processing in older adults, particularly speech-in-noise (SIN) perception. A choir-singing group and an age- and audiometrically-matched do-nothing control group underwent pre- and post-testing over a 10-week period. Linear mixed effects modeling in a regression analysis showed that choir participants demonstrated improvements in speech-in-noise perception, pitch discrimination ability, and the strength of the neural representation of speech fundamental frequency. Choir participants’ gains in SIN perception were mediated by improvements in pitch discrimination, which was in turn predicted by the strength of the neural representation of speech stimuli (FFR), suggesting improvements in pitch processing as a possible mechanism for this SIN perceptual improvement. These findings support the hypothesis that short-term choir participation is an effective intervention for mitigating age-related hearing losses.
Genetics Structure Analysis of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, Linnaeus, 1758) in the Black and Mediterranean Seas for Application of Innovative Management Strategies

Citation: Turan C, Ivanova PP, Raykov VS, Gurlek M, Erguden D, Yaglioglu D, Karan S, Dogdu SA, Uyan A, Ozturk B, Nikolov V, Dobrovolov I, Khanaychenko A and Giragosov V (2019) Genetics Structure Analysis of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, Linnaeus, 1758) in the Black and Mediterranean Seas for Application of Innovative Management Strategies. Front. Mar. Sci. 6:740. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019. 00740 Genetics Structure Analysis of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, Linnaeus, 1758) in the Black and Mediterranean Seas for Application of Innovative Management Strategies