Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel rotor position estimation method of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on DC compensation and cascade filter

The traditional rotor position estimation method of permanent magnet synchronous motor at zero and low speed based on high-frequency pulse voltage signal injection inevitably adopts band-pass and low-pass filters, which reduces the dynamic response speed of the system. In this paper, a new rotor position estimation strategy is proposed. First, in the static coordinate system, the pulse vibration high-frequency signal with the same frequency and amplitude is injected into the α and β axis respectively. At the same time, the DC offset for rotor position estimation is extracted. Then the high-frequency pulse vibration signal is injected into the α axis, the obtained DC offset is used to compensate the current response signal, and the cascade filter is used to expand the bandwidth of the position estimation link and improve the dynamic response; Finally, at zero speed, the positive and negative square wave signals are injected into the α axis or β axis, and the initial position is determined by comparing the current amplitude of the corresponding shaft. The effectiveness of this method is verified by simulation. The results show that this method can quickly and accurately obtain the rotor position information at zero and low speed, and has good stability and dynamic characteristics.
CROSS-VALIDATION OF BIOIMPEDANCE (BI) EQUATIONS FOR BRAZILIAN WOMEN USING DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DXA)

[1] Marques, M.B. , Heyward, V. , Paiva, C.E. , Validação cruzada de equações de bio-impedância em mulheres brasileiras por meio de absortometria radiológica de dupla energia (DXA). Rev. Bras. Ciên. e Mov. 8 (4): 14-20, 2000. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de determinar a aplicabilidade e a precisão da avaliação da composição corporal de 44 mulheres brasileiras (20 a 40 anos) do analisador de Bioimpedância (BI) dos membros superiores (OMRON ) e das equações, previamente publicadas, do tradicional BI. O DXA (DPX-IQ, Versão 4,6 A) foi usado na obtenção da gordura relativa (%G) e da massa corporal magra (MCM) de referência. A resistência dos membros superiores foi medida com o OMRON TM (HBF 300), e a resistência corporal total foi medida com o Biodynamics â (Modelo 310). Foram analisadas as equações: de Lohman (1992), de Gray et al. (1989), de Segal et al. (1988), modificada por Stolarczyk et al. (1997) e a do OMRON TM (1998). Os resultados encontrados foram: o coeficiente de validade (r) do Biodynamics variou de 0,84 (Lohman) a 0,92 (Stolarczyk); o erro de estimativa-padrão (EPE) e o erro total (E) variaram de 1,61kg (Stolarczyk) a 2,51kg (Gray). O r, o EPE e o E do BI dos membros superiores (OMRON ) foram 0,87, 2,96%G, e 4,92%G, respectivamente. A equação de Stolarczyk e a de Lohman forneceram estimativas aceitáveis tanto da média da MCM, quanto do EPE (1,93 e 2,63kg respectivamente). A equação de Gray superestimou, de forma significativa, a MCM (D = -1,1kg), e a equação do OMRON subestimou o %G (D= 4,92%). Baseado nesses resultados, é recomendável o uso da equação de Stolarczyk et al. (1997) ou a de Lohman (1992) na estimativa da composição corporal de mulheres brasileiras jovens e sadias.
The Translesion Polymerase Rev3L in the Tolerance of Alkylating Anticancer Drugs

Temozolomide and fotemustine, representing methylating and chloroethylating agents, respectively, are used in the treatment of glioma and malignant melanoma. Because chemoresistance of these tumors is a common phenomenon, identification of the underlying mechanisms is needed. Here we show that Rev3L, the catalytic subunit of the translesion DNA polymerase ζ, mediates resistance to both temozolomide and fotemustine. Rev3L knockout cells are hypersensitive to both agents. It is remarkable that cells heterozygous for Rev3L showed an intermediate sensitivity. Rev3L is not involved in the tolerance of the toxic O6-methylguanine lesion. However, a possible role of Rev3L in the tolerance of O6-chloroethylguanine or the subsequently formed N1-guanine-N3-cytosine interstrand cross-link is shown. Rev3L had no influence on base excision repair (BER) of the N-alkylation lesions but is very likely to be involved in the tolerance of N-alkylations or apurinic/apyrimidinic sites originating from them. We also show that Rev3L exerts its protective effect in replicating cells and that loss of Rev3L leads to a significant increase in DNA double-strand breaks after temozolomide and fotemustine treatment. These data show that Rev3L contributes to temozolomide and fotemustine resistance, thus acting in concert with O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, BER, mismatch repair, and double-strand break repair in defense against simple alkylating anticancer drugs.
Generation and Dynamic Design of Digital Texture

In the information age of image explosion, the development of intelligent technology has made the digital generation widely concerned in design field. The visual aesthetic sense of the texture shapes the style of the image and has a powerful visual appeal. The sequence characteristics of digital generation are adapted to the graphic composition principle of texture, which has the advantage of efficient and flexible creation and a vast space for dynamic design, showing great potential in applying digital images. By summarizing the application and presentation media of digital texture, conclude the methods of generation and dynamic design of digital texture, and discuss the significance of its dynamic expression, hoping to provide a reference for the expression and application of digital texture.
Improvement on the quality of life in patients who underwent bariatric surgery

The objective of this study is to compare the scores of health related quality of life (HRQOL) of candidates for bariatric surgery with patients that underwent bariatric surgery at different time intervals. A cross sectional study was performed in the city of Maringa and Paranavai, Parana, Brazil, with 44 candidates to bariatric surgery and 63 individuals submitted to it. The group of individuals submitted to bariatric surgery was divided into 3 subgroups according to the elapsed time of surgery. (more than 18 months - G2; at least 19 and maximum 36 months - G3 and more than 36 months - G4). The quality of life related to the health of the patients was assessed by the SF-36 and BAROS. The comparison among groups was performed by using parametric and non-parametric statistic tests. The magnitude of the effects of the bariatric surgery by effect size (ES) was also evaluated. The assessment of HRQOL shows differences among the groups, with lower scores observed in group 4 when compared to group2. Acomparison of mean scores of the domains of the SF-36 shows that the groups formed by people who underwent bariatric surgery have average scores significantly higher than those presented by candidates to bariatric surgery (p < 0.05). Though not return to the levels of candidates to bariatric surgery, the scores of the areas “Pain body” and “General health”, presented by the groups 2 and 4, as well as those submitted by the groups 2 and 3 for the field “Vitality”, suggest a worsening in HRQOL with the passage of time after surgery. The results of this study indicate that people who suffer from morbid obesity have a strong impact on HRQOL and suggest that the implementation of bariatric surgery is able to promote improvements HRQOL important for these people.
A Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Network Composed of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, v-erb-b2 Erythroblastic Leukemia Viral Oncogene Homolog 2, and Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor Drives Growth and Survival of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines

Our laboratory has previously shown that some gefitinib-insensitive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines exhibit dominant autocrine fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling. Herein, we deployed a whole-genome loss-of-function screen to identify genes whose knockdown potentiated the inhibitory effect of the FGFR inhibitor, AZ8010, in HNSCC cell lines. Three HNSCC cell lines expressing a genome-wide small hairpin RNA (shRNA) library were treated with AZ8010 and the abundance of shRNA sequences was assessed by deep sequencing. Under-represented shRNAs in treated cells are expected to target genes important for survival with AZ8010 treatment. Synthetic lethal hits were validated with specific inhibitors and independent shRNAs. We found that multiple alternate receptors provided protection from FGFR inhibition, including receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 (ERBB2), and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET). We showed that specific knockdown of either ERBB2 or MET in combination with FGFR inhibition led to increased inhibition of growth relative to FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment alone. These results were confirmed using specific small molecule inhibitors of either ERBB family members or MET. Moreover, the triple combination of FGFR, MET, and ERBB family inhibitors showed the largest inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis compared with the double combinations. These results reveal a role for alternate RTKs in maintaining progrowth and survival signaling in HNSCC cells in the setting of FGFR inhibition. Thus, improved therapies for HNSCC patients could involve rationally designed combinations of TKIs targeting FGFR, ERBB family members, and MET.
Nrf2 Activators Attenuate the Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis–Related Fibrosis in a Dietary Rat Model

Oxidative stress is considered to be a key mechanism of hepatocellular injury and disease progression in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2) plays a central role in stimulating expression of various antioxidant-associated genes in the cellular defense against oxidative stress. As the cytosolic repressor kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) negatively regulates Nrf2, activation of Nrf2 facilitated by its release from Keap1 may represent a promising strategy in the treatment of NASH. To test this hypothesis, we used two chemically distinct types of Nrf2 activator. One is the thiol-reactive agent oltipraz (OPZ), a typical Nrf2 activator, and the other is a novel biaryl urea compound, termed NK-252 (1-(5-(furan-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)urea). NK-252 exhibits a greater Nrf2-activating potential than OPZ. Furthermore, in vitro binding studies revealed that NK-252 interacts with the domain containing the Nrf2-binding site of Keap1, whereas OPZ does not. This finding indicates that NK-252 is more potent than OPZ due to its unique mechanism of action. For in vivo animal model studies, we used rats on a choline-deficient L-amino acid–defined (CDAA) diet, which demonstrate pathologic findings similar to those seen in human NASH. The administration of OPZ or NK-252 significantly attenuated the progression of histologic abnormalities in rats on a CDAA diet, especially hepatic fibrosis. In conclusion, by using Nrf2 activators with independent mechanisms of action, we show that, in a rat model of NASH, the activation of Nrf2 is responsible for the antifibrotic effects of these drugs. This strategy of Nrf2 activation presents new opportunities for treatment of NASH patients with hepatic fibrosis.
A novel coding scheme for intra pictures of H.264/AVC

A novel intra coding scheme is proposed to improve coding performance in intra pictures of H.264/AVC. The proposed method generates two sub-images, which are defined as a sampled image and a prediction error image in this paper, from an original image, and then encodes them separately. Especially, in an intra prediction process of encoding, the sampled image employs the original intra prediction modes, while the prediction error image uses newly defined four intra prediction modes. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significantly higher intra coding performance and reduces encoding complexity with the smaller number of a rate-distortion (RD) cost calculation process, as compared with the original intra coding method of H.264/AVC.
A robust iterative inverse filtering approach for speech dereverberation in presence of disturbances

In the present work the inverse filtering problem for speech dereverberation in stationary conditions is addressed. In particular we consider the presence of multiple observables which has a beneficial impact of on room transfer functions (RTFs) invertibility. In actual acoustic environments the assumed knowledge of RTFs is usually altered by the presence of disturbances under the form of additive noise or RTF fluctuations, inevitably resulting in reduced inverse filtering performances. Several approaches, mainly based on regularization theory, have appeared in the literature to face such a problem. Among them, a recent study has shown the dereverberation capabilities dependence on some design parameters, significantly related to the filter energy. In this paper such interesting work is taken as reference and its optimum inverse filtering approach substituted with an iterative technique, which is typically much more computationally efficient. As proved by results obtained through the several computer simulations carried out, such an algorithm has revealed to be more robust w.r. t. the reference counterpart in terms of regularization parameter variations.
Uncovering sustainability concerns in software product lines

Sustainable living, ie, living within the bounds of the available environmental, social, and economic resources, is the focus of many present‐day social and scientific discussions. But what does sustainability mean within the context of software engineering? In this paper, we undertake a comprehensive analysis of 8 case studies to address this question within the context of a specific software engineering approach, software product line engineering (SPLE). We identify the sustainability‐related characteristics that arise in present‐day studies that apply SPLE. We conclude that technical and economic sustainability are in prime focus on the present SPLE practice, with social sustainability issues, where they relate to organisations, also addressed to a good degree. On the other hand, the issues related to the personal sustainability are less prominent, and environmental considerations are nearly completely amiss. We present feature models and cross‐relations that result from our analysis as a starting point for sustainability engineering through SPLE, suggesting that any new development should consider how these models would be instantiated and expanded for the intended sociotechnical system. The good representation of sustainability features in these models is also validated with 2 additional case studies.
Combined temporal and inter-layer prediction for scalable video coding using HEVC

In the context of scalable video coding, we present in this paper a general prediction mechanism to combine temporal and inter-layer reference signals for compressing the enhancement-layer (EL). By utilizing the proposed combinations, the EL temporal prediction residue can be further predicted from a referenced base-layer (BL) temporal residue; or, the inter-layer prediction residue between EL and BL can itself be temporal predicted, leading to improved coding efficiency. Furthermore, we investigate the complexity associated with the proposed generalized combined prediction method, and present techniques to significantly reduce its worst-case complexity while still achieving substantial coding gains. Simulation results on HEVC Scalable Extension reported average of 1.6%, 2.7%, 4.2% EL+BL BD-rate gains for random access, low-delay B and low-delay P configurations respectively, with only about 2% decoding runtime increase. The worst-case complexity of the proposed combined prediction, in terms of computation and memory bandwidth, is only about 120% and 75% of the worst-case complexity of HEVC temporal prediction.
Determination of wide-area PSS locations and feedback signals using improved residue matrices

Power system low frequency oscillations are detrimental to the stability and security of interconnected power networks. The recent advance in the wide area measurement system (WAMS) is driving power community to accept the notion of wide area monitoring and control. This paper proposes the placement of wide area PSSs and the selection of stabilizing signals based on improved residue matrices. Modal analysis and time domain simulations performed on a 16-machine test system demonstrate the advantage of the PSS design approach.
Predicting project delivery rates using the Naive-Bayes classifier

The importance of accurate estimation of software development effort is well recognized in software engineering. In recent years, machine learning approaches have been studied as possible alternatives to more traditional software cost estimation methods. The objective of this paper is to investigate the utility of the machine learning algorithm known as the Naive-Bayes classifier for estimating software project effort. We present empirical experiments with the Benchmark 6 data set from the International Software Benchmarking Standards Group to estimate project delivery rates and compare the performance of the Naive-Bayes approach to two other machine learning methods--model trees and neural networks. A project delivery rate is defined as the number of effort hours per function point. The approach described is general and can be used to analyse not only software development data but also data on software maintenance and other types of software engineering. The paper demonstrates that the Naive-Bayes classifier has a potential to be used as an alternative machine learning tool for software development effort estimation.
The Molecular Pharmacology of G Protein Signaling Then and Now: A Tribute to Alfred G. Gilman

The recent, unfortunate death of Alfred G. (“Al”) Gilman, M.D., Ph.D., represents a sad signpost for an era spanning over 40 years in molecular pharmacology. Gilman’s discoveries, influence, and persona were dominant forces in research and training in pharmacology. Here, we review the progression of ideas and knowledge that spawned early work by Gilman and collaborators (among them, one of the authors) and later efforts (including those of the other author) that have recently yielded a comprehensive and precise structural understanding of fundamental topics in pharmacology: the binding of ligands to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and the interaction of GPCRs with heterotrimeric G proteins and effector molecules. Those data provide new and important insights into the molecular basis that underlies affinity and efficacy, two of the most important features of drug action, which represent the latest chapter in the saga that Al Gilman’s work helped launch.
Business domain knowledge libraries to support software maintenance activities

The crisis in software development and maintenance has been widely stated. A great deal of effort has, and is, being made towards its solution (CSM 1985 to 1990). However, the problem persists and it is tending to get worse (Pressman, 1987). Considering the dimension of the software crisis, the authors believe that the solutions required must cover a wide spectrum. The software maintenance component of software development has been recognized as the main factor responsible for the actual crisis. Domain knowledge is a key to requirements recovery and, therefore, for software maintenance. However, it is usually difficult to assimilate because of its nature, its dispersion and the lack of availability of its sources. Commercial business software accounts for the vast majority of existing software and consequently the financial burden is high in maintaining such software. A proposal (purely theoretical) is postulated of a global system for business domain knowledge capture for future reuse. The aim is to make business knowledge maximally reusable by making it publicly accessible in a knowledge repository. The proposed system, the Business Knowledge Library System (BKLS), consists of two types of library: 1 A knowledge library per organization. This library stores knowledge relevant to the execution of that particular organization's activities, including application-dependent knowledge to support the software maintenance process. Every kind of knowledge related to the organization, from its objectives to knowledge about its most elementary activities, would be deposited there. 2 Public business knowledge libraries with general business knowledge; this knowledge is a result of generalizations based on non-confidential business knowledge from organizations. It is relevant for software maintenance, since it works as a context for the exploitation of applications-dependent business knowledge.
Nonlinear PID DC-link Voltage Control for Hybrid Power Filter Based on Robust Exact Differentiator with Improved Transient Response

LC-coupling hybrid active power filter (LC-HAPF) is a cost-effective solution to address power quality issues in low and medium voltage distribution networks. The DC-link voltage controller plays an important role of the LC-HAPF performance. Conventionally, proportional-integral (PI) controller is commonly used for DC-link voltage control due to the ideally zero steady-state error. However, the property of integrator slows down the transient response of DC-link voltage and thus effects the LC-HAPF dynamic performance. In this paper, a nonlinear PID (NPID) controller based on robust exact differentiator (RED) is proposed to improve the transient response of conventional PI controller. First, the parameters of the PID controller are designed by s-domain transfer function analysis. Then, the RED is proposed to replace the linear differentiator, which provides the differential signal fast and accurately. Finally, the advantages of the proposed NPID controller based on RED are verified by simulation results compared with the conventional PI controller.
Young children's mouthing behavior: an observational study via videotaping in a primarily outdoor residential setting

ABSTRACTDetailed information on children's mouthing activities helps researchers assess children's exposure to toxicants via the non-dietary ingestion route (i.e., exposure resulting from contacts between the mouth and non-dietary objects such as fingers, toys, and dirt). For the analyses presented in this article, 38 children (20 female and 18 male) aged 1 to 6 years were videotaped for 2 hours each during natural play primarily in the outdoor residential environment.The data were analyzed separately by location (i.e., indoor or outdoor). For each location, mouthing frequency, contact duration, and hourly duration data were analyzed along gender and ≤ 24 months > 24 months age groupings. Several significant differences were found for mouthing activities occurring outdoors. Children ≤ 24 months of age were found to have significantly longer contact durations with the hands than children > 24 months of age (p = 0.04). Furthermore, for all ages, frequencies of mouthing contacts with the hands and non-dietar.