Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1 1 . 1 Towards a Muon Collider

The Standard Model (SM) has been a spectacular success. For more than thirty years all new observations have fit naturally into this framework. But basic questions remain: (1) There is as of now no direct evidence for the Higgs boson or its interactions. Is this the correct mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking? (2) How do the fermion masses and flavor mixings arise? Furthermore, the Standard Model is incomplete. It does not explain dark matter; neutrino masses and mixings require new particles or interactions; and the observed baryon asymmetry in the universe requires additional sources of CP violation. From a theoretical viewpoint there are also problems with the SM. It has been argued by G. ’t Hooft that the SM is not natural at any energy scale  much above the Terascale (~1 TeV) because the small dimensionless parameter () = (mH/ is not associated with any symmetry in the limit  = 0 [1]. This is the naturalness problem of the SM. If the SM is valid all the way up to the Planck scale Pl (~ 10 GeV), then the SM has to be fine tuned to a precision of one part in (mH/Pl! In this decade, the physics of the Terascale will be explored at the LHC. Planned experiments studying neutrino oscillations, quark/lepton flavor physics, and rare processes may also provide insight into new physics at the Terascale and beyond.
Did the expectations channel work? Evidence from quantitative easing in Japan, 2001–06

The Japanese economy experienced a prolonged period of quantitative easing (QE) over the five years from March 2001 to March 2006. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the direct and exclusive effects of this rather unconventional monetary policy on financial markets, economic activity, and labor markets in Japan empirically by employing exactly the same testing period with the QE period in most of our examinations. Using a range of variables, we first estimate vector error correction models (VECMs) that consider the cointegrating relations between the Japanese monetary base and other variables in our data-set. We also use Markov-switching dynamic regression (MSDR) models, Bayesian vector autoregressive (VAR) models, and causality analyses to test for robustness. Together, all the above analyses consistently provide a number of interesting findings. First, QE lowered short- and medium-term credit spreads and improved Japanese credit market conditions. Second, QE increased stock prices in Japan and improved market expectations. Third, the QE policy recovered labor market conditions and economic productivity in Japan. Finally, additional analyses of fund flows and economic survey data suggest that the primary transmission channel of this period of Japanese QE policy was the expectations channel.
Technology Sourcing in New Product Development Projects: When and how to use external resources?

This paper provides empirical analyses to understand the management of external technology sourcing using a novel dataset of new product development (NPD) projects in Japanese firms, focusing on the difference between bilateral and unilateral contract-based alliances. External technology sourcing takes on various forms that can be divided into two categories: bilateral alliances, such as joint research and development (R&D), and unilateral alliances, such as licensing and commissioned R&D. The former style involves the cooperation process of joint R&D with a partner, whereas the latter involves the straightforward process of technology acquisition from a partner. In this paper, the determinants of the sourcing strategy for each contract type are investigated, and we find that a firm is likely to use external technology sourcing in exploratory projects, and that the type of sourcing will differ between large and small firms. Furthermore, a bilateral alliance is likely found to be used for market pull-type projects, while technology push-type ones are more often managed by unilateral alliances.
A Systematic Literature Mapping: risk-based testing in software development

Risk-based testing (RBT) is a type of test that helps identify product risks from the start of development, incorporating techniques that allow them to be identified and classified according to their impact and probability to create test cases for those selected requirements. However, in software development organizations the identified risks are related to the planning or cost of the project to guarantee product delivery and do not consider other risks as input for the creation of test cases and quality evaluation. of the product. Therefore, the objective of systematic mapping is based on identifying and determining the state of the art of publications related to RBT used in the software industry, in addition to metrics that incorporate or evaluate the performance of these types of tests and their benefits. The results show the proposals found on the software industry RBT and the importance of use as other types of software testing. Also, we present a preview of the Framework to support the RBT in global software development.
IJOMS Vol 19-4-39.indd

Introduction Four types of teeth exist in the human oral cavity: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. There are 32 permanent teeth in the oral cavity, and each quadrant contains eight teeth(1–4). The shape of the tooth differs between the maxilla and mandible, even within the same tooth classes; however, the adjacent teeth are similar in shape, especially in the same tooth classes (3, 4). Each tooth has its characteristic structure, such as the configuration of the crown, cusp, and groove patterns. It is extremely important for dentists to acquire specialized knowledge of the characteristic features of each tooth shape for tooth identification(4). Many textbooks of dental anatomy illustrate the tooth shape of the occlusal view in the figure with the buccal side up(1–3). Dentists usually learn the morphological characteristics of teeth based on these figures in textbooks. By accumulating clinical experience, dentists can perform pattern recognition(5)using the basic tooth shape as explicit knowledge. Dental students recognize tooth figures using mental rotation to compare and collate objects in front of them with the explicit knowledge recalled in the brain(6). Previous studies on pattern recognition using electroencephalography(EEG)focused on evoked potentials with event related potentials (ERP)(6, 7). ERP emerges from cognitive processes such as attention, search, and memory. Among the ERP, the P300 has a high amplitude and changes because of psychological factors (8). Previous studies have analyzed images of a single tooth rather than a tooth within the dentition. Dentition includes not only the morphological characteristics of a single tooth but also visual contexts, such as the positional relationship and arrangement of teeth in Correspondence to: Ryo Iwahashi E-mail : mary17002@g.nihon-u.ac. jp doi:10.5466/ijoms.19. 295 Article History Abstract
Biochemical and Ultrastructural Evaluations of the Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Ischemic Myocardial Injury

ischemic episodes preceding a long-term sustained ischemia induced tolerance against ischemic cellular injury,1 this phenomenon has been termed ‘ischemic preconditioning’ (IP), and has been demonstrated in dog, rat, rabbit, and pig models.2–7 Clinically, if this effect occurs in patients with unstable angina prior to an attack of myocardial infarction, it can be expected to reduce the infarct size and improve the prognosis. It has been reported that during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, the first balloon inflation reduces the ST segment changes, myocardial lactate production, and coronary vein flow induced by the subsequent balloon inflation.8 A recent trial has shown the possibility that angina before myocardial infarction may confer an IP benefit on the human heart. 9 Although many investigators have demonstrated this effect in various models and species, the mechanisms of cardioprotection associated with IP are not completely understood.1–10 Since the recent reports of Downey’s group2,4,6 the activation of adenosine A1 receptor has been considered one of the most likely mechanisms of this
OPTICAL SPECTRA OF DI-AND TRIVALENT IRON IN CORUNDUM

Polarized absorption spectra of natural yellow, green and blue sapphires containing iron in amounts oI O.X/6 by weight have been measured. The ratio of dito trivalent iron was found to increase from yellow to blue specimens. The spectra were interpreted taking B : 655 cm-r and Dq: 1446 cm-r for Fe3+ and Dq: l3SO cm-r for Fd+. The high Dq values are consistent with the site compression of these ions on aluminum sites. Anisotropy of the double band of Fe2+ is considerable with absorption for the ordinary ray highest. This leads to a blue color when viewed along c and a yellow-green one perpendicular to it if the ratio of dito trivalent iron is about 0.07. Anisotropy of the bands of Fes+ is small. Oscillator strengths are between 10-6 and 10a for the spin forbidden bands of Fe3+ and higher than 10-a for the double band of Fe2+. fn synthetic blue corundums grown by the Verneuil process no trivalent iron can be detected in the absorption spectrum, but divalent iron and some trivalent titanium are clearly identified. Yellow corundums from Ceylon contain very little iron and their absorption spectra consist mainly of an absorption edge in the near UV and two broad bands near 22000 and, 28200 cm-l. Their spectra are similar to that of a synthetic colorless crystal after irradiation with X rays.
Smart global maximum power point tracking controller of photovoltaic module arrays

This study first explored the effect of shading on the output characteristics of modules in a photovoltaic module array. Next, a modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) method was employed to track the maximum power point of the multiple-peak characteristic curve of the array. Through the optimization method, the weighting value and cognition learning factor decreased with an increasing number of iterations, whereas the social learning factor increased, thereby enhancing the tracking capability of a maximum power point tracker. In addition, the weighting value was slightly modified on the basis of the changes in the slope and power of the characteristic curve to increase the tracking speed and stability of the tracker. Finally, a PIC18F8720 microcontroller was coordinated with peripheral hardware circuits to realize the proposed PSO method, which was then adopted to track the maximum power point of the power–voltage (P–V) output characteristic curve of the photovoltaic module array under shading. Subsequently, tests were conducted to verify that the modified PSO method exhibited favorable tracking speed and accuracy.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a subtype of haemorrhagic stroke of sustained relevance to neuroanaesthesia and neurocritical care across countries

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a consistent presentation of haemorrhagic stroke of significance to clinicians in neurocritical care, inducing consequent effects on non‐neurological systems, while at the same time, rendering the brain vulnerable to secondary physiological insult modifying neurological outcome, despite control of the original point of haemorrhage. Coordinated treatment depends on comprehensive evaluation of both cerebral and systemic physiology, identifying and treating impaired function. The presence of a dedicated neurocritical care team can benefit outcome. Protocols of care have evolved to meet evidence‐based challenges, discarding potentially deleterious components of hypervolaemia and haemodilution, while maintaining pressure‐guided perfusion. Treatment targets have also evolved with a shift in focus away from SAH‐associated vasospasm, towards actual ischaemic outcome – illustrated by lack of effectiveness of pharmaceutical treatments of vasospasm. Clinicians must consequently review pathophysiological mechanisms of injury and devise new treatment opportunities.
The Eighth Jordan International Chemical Engineering Conference ( JIChEC 2017 ) November 7-9 , 2017 Malachite Green Dye Removal from Water Using Date Pit Derived Activated Carbon

Industrial effluents containing dyes can be toxic to humans and the environment. However, physical, chemical and biological treatments are available to neutralize these hazardous effects. In this study, date biomass was treated and activated chemically using phosphoric acid and compared to natural date stone to study its adsorption mechanism on malachite green dye. Equilibrium data were analyzed using four isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, Koble-Corrigan (KC) and Toth) and four error methods (Sum of Squared Errors, ChiSquare Statistic, Average Relative Error and Average Percentage Errors). The best data fit was found to be the Langmuir model for natural date stones and the KC model for the phosphoric acid treated stones. The effect of error methods were validated using correlation and normalization methods and found to be important in determining the optimum isotherm and its parameter values.
Personality (Type A and Type B) In Relation to Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) Among Female Nursing Professionals

The objective of present study is to examine the extent of organizational citizenship behaviour among type A and type B personality nursing professionals. OCB is a spontaneous and voluntary initiative taken by an employee which is not formally rewarded by an organization’s management. A nursing professional in a health care organization is primarily concerned with the well-being and assurance of proper health care facilities to the patients. So, in this respect, the concept of OCB becomes crucial particularly in a health care organization. Contemporary literature largely focuses on linking organizational citizenship behaviours with Big-5 personality traits. However, only a few of them addressed the personality traits of type A and type B among nursing professionals. The hypotheses predicting a negative relationship between type A and OCB while, a positive relationship between type B and OCB were formulated. The correlational analysis was carried in order to test the proposed hypotheses. For this purpose, data were gathered from 50 female nursing professional working in a private hospital using standardised tools. The obtained results indicate a significant positive relationship between type B and OCB and a negative correlation was obtained between OCB ant type B personality. The findings suggest that type B nurses are willing to go beyond their in-role tasks for the welfare of both the patients and their organizations. Ultimately, the study aims to contribute to the hiring of nursing staff and providing appropriate interventions for each personality type. t
Proximity-induced exchange and spin-orbit effects in graphene on Ni and Co

The induced-proximity effects of nearly commensurate lattice structure of a graphene layer on Ni(111) and Co(0001) substrates in the AC stacking configuration are addressed through an analytical tight-binding approach within the Slater-Koster method. A minimal Hamiltonian is constructed by considering the hybridizations of the magnetic $3d$-orbitals of Ni(Co) atoms with the $p_z$-orbitals of graphene, in addition to the atomic spin-orbit coupling and the magnetization of the Ni(Co) atoms. A low-energy effective Hamiltonian for graphene/Ni(Co) describing the perturbed $\pi$-bands in the vicinity of the Dirac points is derived which enable us to get further insight on the physical nature of the induced-effective couplings to the graphene layer. It is shown that a magneto-spin-orbit type effect may emerge through two competing mechanisms simultaneously present, namely the proximity induced exchange and Rashba spin-orbit interaction. Such effects results in giant exchange splittings and robust Rashba spin-orbit coupling transferred to the graphene layer in agreement with recent density functional theory calculations and experimental observations. We further analyze the physical conditions for the appearance of intact Dirac cones in the minority spin bands as observed by recent photoemission measurements with spin resolution.
The impact of telecommuting on residential relocation and residential preferences: A latent class modelling approach

e advance of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has changed travellers’ appreciation of travel distance in various ways. In the context of telecommuting, ICT increasingly allows us to work from home one or more days per week. One hypothesis that has been put forward is that because ICTs reduce the frequency of commuting, it allows workers to accept longer commute distances, implying that telecommuters have a different valuation of travel distance than regular commuters and would also favour more peripheral residential locations. e question can be raised, however, whether telecommuters can be regarded as a homogeneous group with respect to their valuation of commute distance and residential preferences. To investigate the heterogeneity of commuters’ and telecommuters’ preferences, latent class discrete choice models of workers’ intended relocation probability and preferred residential environment were estimated. e results suggest that telecommuting is not a factor that can be used to identify segmentswith different residential preferences. However, within the group of telecommuters, two different classes can be identi ed, which can be characterised as being sensitive and insensitive to commute distance.
Capitalising on Innovation for Exports by the SME Sector

A key question facing Vietnamese policy makers is how to improve the competitiveness of the small and medium enterprises. Among the many initiatives being proposed to improve their competitiveness innovation policy has attracted attention not only from policy makers, but also from researchers and the business community. Innovation in SMEs has also been given special emphasis in a recent declaration in Hanoi by APEC ministers. These initiatives are based on the assumption that innovation can affect a firm's competitiveness and hence export status by increasing productivity (and reducing costs) and by developing new goods for the international market. Improving the export competitiveness of Vietnamese SMEs has become even more pressing given (i) that Vietnam's trade deficit as a percentage of GDP widened significantly to an alarming level of double digit figures in two recent years, 2007 and 2008 and (ii) that the world economic recession has made exporting more challenging due to falling demand. Based on quantitative data analysis and qualitative case-studies, the paper highlights the importance of innovation for the success of Vietnamese firms in their exporting and provides several policy recommendations.
How Socio-Technical Factors n Undermine Expectations Human-Robot Cooperation Hospitals

This research analysed human–robot cooperation and interaction in the basement of a Danish hospital, where kitchen staff and porters conducted their daily routines in an environment shared with mobile service robots. The robots were installed to ease the everyday routines of kitchen staff and carry out physically demanding tasks, such as transporting heavy cargo between destinations in the hospital basement. The cooperation and interaction were studied through ethnographic inspired fieldwork and the results highlighted how robots affect the real-life environments into which they are gradually moving. The analysis revealed how the great human expectations of robots clashed with reality and identified three key elements that influence human–robot cooperation in hospitals: 1) environmental factors, 2) behavioural factors and 3) factors related to human reliance on robots. We emphasise the importance of considering socio-technical factors when deploying robots to cooperate with humans in hospital environments.
IEPC-97-108 675 RHETTWEPDM HALL THRUSTER PROPULSION SYSTEM ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY EVALUATION

Electromagnetic compatibility measurements were obtained as part of the Electric Propulsion Demonstration Module (EPDM) flight qualification program. Tests were conducted on a Hall thruster system operating at a nominal 66OW discharge power. Measurements of conducted and radiated susceptibility and emissions were obtained and referenced to MIL-STD-461C. The power processor showed some conducted susceptibility below 4kHz for the magnet current and discharge voltage, Radiated susceptibility testing yielded a null result. Conducted emissions showed slight violations of the specified limit for MIL-461C CE03. Radiated emissions exceeded tbe RE02 standard at low frequencies, below 300 MHz, by up to 40 dBpV/m/MHz.
Artificial Neural Networks applied in the Spectrometry of a 239 Pu-Be source

To explore the potential use of a neutron source and to define the procedure to handle it under safety conditions, features like neutron spectrum and the ambient dose equivalent of the source must be known. The aim of this work was to determine the spectrum, the total fluence rate and the ambient dose equivalent of a 185 GBq Pu-Be neutron source. Using Monte Carlo methods the spectrum, the total fluence rate, and the ambient dose equivalent of a Pu-Be were calculated. The spectrum was calculated at 50, 100, 200 and 300 cm from the source in air using MCNP X and MCNP 4C codes. The neutron spectrum was also obtained, at 100 cm, using a Bonner sphere spectrometer whose count rates were used to unfold the neutron spectrum, the unfolding was carried out using an Artificial Neural Network for neutron spectrometry. With the spectrum, the total neutron fluence and the ambient dose equivalent were determined. Calculated results were compared with measured values where Monte Carlo results were smaller than those measured. These differences were attributed to the presence of Pu during the source manufacturing. In order to match calculated and measured quantities a 0.102 w/o of Pu was estimated. After corrections the differences between calculated and experimental results were 1%. This result shows the advantages of using Artificial Neural Networks technology in the unfolding of neutron spectrum using as a single piece of information the count rates of a Bonner sphere spectrometer.
The Cultural Tailoring and Effectiveness of Couples Coping Enhancement Training on Marital Adjustment of Wives

* Corresponding Author: Isaac Rahimian Boogar, PhD. Address: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. Tel: +98 (23) 33623300 E-mail: i_rahimian@semnan.ac. ir Objective: Marital adjustment of wives is associated with the satisfaction and stability of the marital life. It is among the most valuable perspectives for counselors and therapists focusing on improving couples’ relationships. This research was conducted with the aim of cultural tailoring and determining the effectiveness of “couples coping enhancement training” on improving marital adjustment of wives.