Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combining Sentimental Expression-level and Sentence-level Classifiers to Improve Subjective Sentence Classification

ABSTRACT Subjective sentences express opinions, emotions, evaluations and other subjective ideas relevant to products or events. These expressions sometimes can be seen in only part of a sentence, thus extracting features from a full-sentence can degrade the performance of subjective-sentence-classification. This paper presents a method for improving the performance of a subjectivity classifier by combining two classifiers generated from the different representations of an input sentence. One representation is a sentimental phrase that represents an automatically identified subjective expression or objective expression and the other representation is a full-sentence. Each representation is used to extract modified n-grams that are composed of a word and its contextual words' polarity information. The best performance, 79.7% accuracy, 2.5% improvement, was obtained when the phrase-level classifier and the sentence-level classifier were merged.Key Words:Subjective Sentence, Objective Sentence, Subjective Expression, Semantic Phrase, Sentiment Analysis
Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction for Identification of the Pathogen and Management of Potato Soft Rot with Zinc Application

Effect of different Zinc doses was investigated against Erwinia carotovora ssp. atroseptica, the potato blackleg/soft rot causing organism, during 2009 and 2010 in Department of Plant Pathology and Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan. Out of 200 tested samples, 21 of them were proved to be Eca. However, these tentative Eca isolates showed some characteristics which were unexpected for Eca. We, therefore, decided to perform Polymerase Chain Reaction using Eca-specific primers, Eca1F and Eca2R for confirm identification. For disease management, at the time of sowing, pots containing 5 kg sterilized soil were applied with Zinc in four different treatments i.e. 8 mg, 10 mg, 12 mg and 14 mg along with one control. Results indicated that 12 mg (4.8 kg Zn ha-1) were better doses in controlling the disease up to 73% and increasing the yield up to 117% as compared to control plants.
Molecular characterization and diversity analysis in chilli pepper using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers

India is considered to be the secondary center of diversity of chilli pepper, especially of Capsicum annuum. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are the most widely used marker system for plant variety characterization and diversity analysis especially in cultivated species which have low levels of polymorphism. The diversity analysis of 64 chilli pepper accessions, mostly of Indian origin, was performed using 50 SSR markers. Twenty seven (27) polymorphic primers amplified a total of 75 alleles with an average of 2.78 alleles per locus. Maximum of four alleles were amplified by the primer AVRDC PP 32. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.39 (AVRDC PP 138) to 0.78 (AVRDC PP 18), with an average of 0.59. Based on the PIC values, primers AVRDC PP 18 was found to be the most informative (0.78), followed by the primers AVRDC PP 32 (0.69) and AVRDC PP 03 (0.66). Using the given set of primers, it was possible to characterize all but two pairs of accessions from each other. The analysis allowed grouping of the test germplasm into nine clusters. Based on diversity analysis, genotypes were identified for developing mapping populations, produce heterotic F1 hybrids and attempt crosses for genetic improvement of the crop. Key words: Capsicum, genetic diversity, molecular characterization, simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF POST-BUCKLING DEFORMATION STATES OF INTEGRALLY STIFFENED THIN-WALLED COMPONENTS OF LOAD-BEARING AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES

The study presents results of experiments and numerical analyses concerning thin-walled shells used as components of aircraft structures. The solution, which is proposed here, consists in stiffening such elements by means of integral ribs. A comparative analysis has been carried out between the suggested design solution and the reference structure. In the experimental part of the study, an optical scanner with digital image correlation has been used. Nonlinear numerical analyses have been carried out with the use of software based on the finite element method.
Methanogenic potential of tropical feeds rich in hydrolysable tannins.

The present study was carried out to determine the effect of Acacia nilotica, a tropical plant rich in hydrolysable tannins (HT), on rumen fermentation and methane (CH4) production in vitro. We used leaves and pods from Acacia nilotica alone and combined. The combination of HT from Acacia nilotica leaves and pods and condensed tannins (CT) from Calliandracalothyrsus and Leucaenaleucocephala were also evaluated to assess potential differences in biological activity between HT and CT. Four series of 24-h incubations were performed using rumen contents of 4 sheep fed a tropical grass (natural grassland based on Dichanthiumspp). A first experiment tested different levels of replacement of this tropical forage (control (CTL) without tannins) by Acacia nilotica leaves or pods: 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0. A second experiment tested the mixture of Acacia nilotica leaves and pods in different proportions: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. A third experiment tested the 50:50 combination of Acacia nilotica leaves or pods with Calliandracalothyrsus and Leucaenaleucocephala. Acacia nilotica pods and leaves had a high content of HT (350 and 178 g/kg DM, respectively), whereas Calliandracalothyrsus and Leucaenaleucocephala had a high content of CT (361 and 180 g/kg DM, respectively). The inclusion of HT from Acacia nilotica leaves and pods decreased CH4 production dose-dependently (P < 0.01). Total replacement of the CTL by Acacia nilotica decreased CH4 production by 64 and 55% with leaves and pods, respectively. Pods were richer in HT than leaves, but their anti-methanogenic effect did not differ (P > 0.05). Although Acacia nilotica leaves and pods inhibited fermentation, as indicated by the lower gas production and VFA production (P < 0.01), this effect was less pronounced than for CH4. Volatile fatty acid production decreased by 12% in leaves and by 30% in pods as compared to the CTL alone. Positive associative effect was reported for VFA, when HT-rich sources and CT-rich sources were mixed. Combining the two sources of HT did not show associative effects on fermentation or CH4 production (P > 0.05). Hydrolysable tannin-rich sources were more effective in suppressing methanogenesis than CT-rich sources. Our results show that HT-rich Acacia nilotica leaves and pods have the potential to reduce ruminal CH4 production.
Mel-LSP Parameterization for HMM-based Speech Synthesis

In HMM-based speech synthesis using mel-cepstral parameters, it has been observed that formant peaks tend to be flattened in the synthetic speech. To alleviate this problem this paper investigates Mel-LSP (line Spectral Pairs) based speech synthesis. First, using vowel spectra synthesized by four formants, it is shown that the formant flattening for the centroid of melLSP frequencies is mach less than that for mel-cepstra. After overviewing the closed form of Mel-LPC analysis, a structure of the Mel-LSP synthesis filter is presented. On the basis of this mel-LSP parameterization, the mora HMMs are trained using the mel-LSP parameters and short sentences are synthesized using them. The speech quality of these synthetic speech are compared with that of speech synthesized by the mel-cepstrum based HMMs. In A-B preference tests, Mel-LSP-based synthetic speech were chosen 61% of time over Mel-cepstrum based one.
The GluTR-binding protein is the heme-binding factor for feedback control of glutamyl-tRNA reductase

Synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the rate-limiting step in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in land plants. In photosynthetic eukaryotes and many bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) is the most tightly controlled enzyme upstream of ALA. Higher plants possess two GluTR isoforms: GluTR1 is predominantly expressed in green tissue, and GluTR2 is constitutively expressed in all organs. Although proposed long time ago, the molecular mechanism of heme-dependent inhibition of GluTR in planta has remained elusive. Here, we report that accumulation of heme, induced by feeding with ALA, stimulates Clp-protease-dependent degradation of Arabidopsis GluTR1. We demonstrate that binding of heme to the GluTR-binding protein (GBP) inhibits interaction of GBP with the N-terminal regulatory domain of GluTR1, thus making it accessible to the Clp protease. The results presented uncover a functional link between heme content and the post-translational control of GluTR stability, which helps to ensure adequate availability of chlorophyll and heme.
A Tag Suitable for Assessing Long-Term Movements of Spiny Dogfish and Preliminary Results from Use of This Tag

Abstract A tag was developed and tested for the long-term marking of spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias). The tag is retained without corrosion and with minor skin abrasion. They have not been lost from fish held in captivity for up to 3 years. Most recoveries were in the immediate release area, but some fish were recovered 250 to 7,000 km from the release area. The greatest distance travelled (7,000 km) was by a fish tagged in June 1980 in Queen Charlotte Sound and recovered in November 1982 off the northeast coast of Japan. The recovery rate for fish tagged and released in the Strait of Georgia and standardized for catch suggested that movement of spiny dogfish throughout their range is an important aspect of their biology. Less movement was exhibited by fish tagged in the Hecate Strait region. However, of the fish that did move, the majority were recaptured off Washington and the west coast of Vancouver Island and not in the Strait of Georgia.
Long-duration hippocampal sharp wave ripples improve memory

Longer ripples make better memories Sharp wave ripples in the hippocampus are thought to play a role in memory formation and action planning. Fernández-Ruiz et al. used multisite electrophysiological recordings combined with optogenetic activation of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in rats performing learning tasks. Learning and correct recall in spatial memory tasks were associated with extended sharp wave ripples. Artificially prolonging these ripples improved working memory performance, whereas aborting the late part of ripples decreased performance. Science, this issue p. 1082 A minority of long-duration sharp wave ripples in the rat hippocampus are critical for memory. Hippocampal sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs) have been hypothesized as a mechanism for memory consolidation and action planning. The duration of ripples shows a skewed distribution with a minority of long-duration events. We discovered that long-duration ripples are increased in situations demanding memory in rats. Prolongation of spontaneously occurring ripples by optogenetic stimulation, but not randomly induced ripples, increased memory during maze learning. The neuronal content of randomly induced ripples was similar to short-duration spontaneous ripples and contained little spatial information. The spike content of the optogenetically prolonged ripples was biased by the ongoing, naturally initiated neuronal sequences. Prolonged ripples recruited new neurons that represented either arm of the maze. Long-duration hippocampal SPW-Rs replaying large parts of planned routes are critical for memory.
New insights into the association of mid-childhood macronutrient intake to pubertal development in adolescence using nutritional geometry.

Nutritional geometry (NG) is a novel dietary analysis approach that considers nutrient balance, rather than single nutrient effects, on health and behaviour. Through NG, recent animal experiments have found that lifespan and reproduction are differentially altered by dietary macronutrient distribution. Epidemiological research using NG report similar findings for human ageing. Yet, the relation of macronutrient balance to human reproduction, especially reproductive maturation, remains undefined. We studied the impact of childhood macronutrient intake on pubertal maturation, by applying NG to an Australian longitudinal adolescent dataset. Food records, collected at age 8y from 142 pre-pubertal children (F:92; M:50), were analysed for absolute energy, percent energy and energy-adjusted residuals from protein, carbohydrate and fat. Pubertal stage change (assessed at 8y, 13y and 15y) was modelled to obtain individual mathematical estimates of pubertal timing and tempo. Timing of menarche was recorded. The association of macronutrients to pubertal timing/tempo was assessed via NG, involving generalised additive models and heat maps to aid interpretation. Results showed lower dietary protein (relative to carbohydrate and fat) in girls consistently predicted earlier pubertal timing and menarche, and was related to faster pubertal tempo (all p<0.05). No significant associations were identified in boys for both timing and tempo. Results suggest a role of non-protein macronutrients in facilitating female maturation; corroborating feeding and reproductive behaviour patterns observed in earlier NG studies of primates. Application of NG to other adolescent datasets is required to confirm current findings. Such work would advance understanding of how nutrient balance shapes human development and health.
A natural language processing framework to analyse the opinions on HPV vaccination reflected in twitter over 10 years (2008 - 2017)

ABSTRACT In this research, we developed a natural language processing (NLP) framework to investigate the opinions on HPV vaccination reflected on Twitter over a 10-year period – 2008–2017. The NLP framework includes sentiment analysis, entity analysis, and artificial intelligence (AI)-based phrase association mining. The sentiment analysis demonstrates the sentiment fluctuation over the past 10 years. The results show that there are more negative tweets in 2008 to 2011 and 2015 to 2016. The entity extraction and analysis help to identify the organization, geographical location and events entities associated with the negative and positive tweets. The results show that the organization entities such as FDA, CDC and Merck occur in both negative and positive tweets of almost every year, whereas the geographical location entities mentioned in both negative and positive tweets change from year to year. The reason is because of the specific events that happened in those different locations. The objective of the AI-based phrase association mining is to identify the main topics reflected in both negative and positive tweets and detailed tweet content. Through the phrase association mining, we found that the main negative topics on Twitter include “injuries”, “deaths”, “scandal”, “safety concerns”, and “adverse/side effects”, whereas the main positive topics include “cervical cancers”, “cervical screens”, “prevents”, and “vaccination campaigns”. We believe the results of this research can help public health researchers better understand the nature of social media influence on HPV vaccination attitudes and to develop strategies to counter the proliferation of misinformation.
Thesis Proposal: Using Student Learning Based on Fluency for the Learning Rate in a Deep Convolutional Neural Network for the Gamification of Information Security Awareness Training

This is a proposal for mathematically determining the learning rate to be used in a deep supervised convolutional neural network (CNN), based on student fluency. The CNN model shall be tasked to imitate how students play the game “Packet Attack”, a form of gamification of information security awareness training, and learn in the same rate as the students did. The student fluency shall be represented by a mathematical function constructed using natural cubic spline interpolation, and its derivative shall serve as the learning rate for the CNN model. If proven right, the results will imply a more human-like rate of learning by machines.
Success factors of knowledge sharing for a social collaboration platform : an empirical investigation in the specialty chemical industry

This study examines success factors of knowledge sharing for a social collaboration platform in a specialty chemical institution. Organizational performance and innovative capabilities are positively related to intraorganizational knowledge sharing (Wijk, Jansen & Lyles, 2008), emphasizing the importance of stimulating employees. Molding factors for knowledge sharing hypothesized in this study are the organization, the individual, the content and cooperation. Knowledge sharing is operationalized via the number of contacts and the activity in the internal community. A sample of 139 employees working in a specialty chemical institution was retrieved. Using a multiple regression analysis, a model explaining success factors for knowledge sharing was built. The theoretical framework is an expansion on previous research by Hashim et al. (2016). The results indicate that employees experiencing an organizational culture stimulating cooperation and encouraging the learning of new skills, tend to share more knowledge. The findings demonstrate, that top management involvement in knowledge sharing is not the main driver motivating employees. One of the key elements to increase knowledge sharing are incentives such as rewards and recognition. The reliability of content shared and the trust in social collaboration platforms are prerequisites for successful knowledge sharing. It is assumed, that the key elements identified in this study improve knowledge sharing among employees and in this context exploit the internal innovative potential of the crowd.
Burnout and Metabolic Syndrome in Female Nurses: An Observational Study

Nurses are at risk of having burnout due to workload and job stress—studies have reported that chronic stress is associated with metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to assess the association between burnout and metabolic syndrome in a sample of female nurses. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. All nurses that work in the hospital were invited to participate. Information pertaining to sociodemographic (age, education level), work (labor seniority, service area, shift work), anthropometric (weight, waist circumference, blood pressure) and biochemical (glucose, serum lipids) variables were collected. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory test, and metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A total of 168 nurses participated with a median age of 44 years. The prevalence of burnout and metabolic syndrome was 19.6% and 38.7%, respectively. There was no association between burnout and metabolic syndrome (p = 0.373). However, associations of emotional exhaustion (aOR: 14.95; 95% CI: 1.5–148.7), personal accomplishment (aOR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.01–0.99), and night shift (aOR: 12.39; 95% CI: 1.02–150.5) with increased waist circumference were found. Strategies are needed to prevent burnout and metabolic syndrome in nurses, especially in those who work at night shift.
Data-Driven Identification of Hydrogen Sulfide Scavengers.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signalling molecule whose up- and down-regulation have specific biological consequences. Although significant advances in H2S up-regulation, via the development of H2S donors, have been achieved in recent years, precise H2S down-regulation in biological systems is still challenging. The lack of potent and specific inhibitors for H2S-producing enzymes contributes to this problem. We expect the development of H2S scavengers is an alternative approach to address this problem. Since H2S's chemical sensors and scavengers share almost the same criteria, we have constructed a H2S sensor database, which summarizes key parameters of all reported chemical sensors. Data-driven analysis led to the selection of 30 potential scavenger compounds. Further evaluation of these compounds identified a group of promising scavengers, based on the sulfonyl azide template. The efficiency of these scavengers in both in vitro and in vivo experiments was demonstrated.
A critical review of recent advances in the diagnosis, classification, and management of uterine adenomyosis.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize and highlight recent critical advances in the diagnosis, classification, and management of adenomyosis. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have clarified the specific mechanism through which adenomyotic lesions invade the underlying myometrium by epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Correlation studies using diagnostic MRI also strongly support the hypothesis of a different pathogenesis between the inner and outer myometrium forms of adenomyosis. Given advances in diagnostic imaging, several international organizations have also highlighted the importance of classification systems for adenomyosis. Finally, selective progesterone receptor modulators and gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists have demonstrated significant promise for treating pelvic pain and bleeding associated with adenomyosis, whereas novel fertility-preserving surgical techniques have been introduced to excise diffuse adenomyotic pathology while maintaining adequate uterine integrity. SUMMARY Recent attempts at a uniform and reproducible classification system likely represent the first step for the development of a staging system for adenomyosis that can be correlated with the severity of clinical symptoms and promote an individualized therapeutic approach. Simultaneously, further insights into the etiology and pathogenesis as outlined in this review may also help in the development of targeted medical therapies.
Employment Security as Moderator on the Effect of Job Security on Worker’s Job Satisfaction and Well Being

Economic instability around the world has resulted in many organizations having to lay off workers and also shut down to save their business. This economic strain and stress have impact on the worker’s job satisfaction and well being through job insecurity. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effects of employment security on job security and job satisfaction and well being among workers in the banking sectors and manufacturing sectors who were most affected by the economic downturn. Participants were 600 workers of which 200 represented the workers who work in the bank, 200 in electronic industry and 200 in textile industry. They were randomly selected to participate in the research. A set of questionnaire comprising of Employment Security Scale, Job Security Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale and Well-Being Scale were used to measure the variables. Results from the multiple regression analysis showed that employment security did not moderate the relationship between job security and job satisfaction and well being of workers. However, job security had a direct relationship with job satisfaction and well being of workers. Thus, result from this study implicated that it was not the employment security that worried the workers but the security of their job that they were holding that impacted on their job satisfaction and well-being.