Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence estimate of blood doping in elite track and field at the introduction of the Athlete Biological Passport

In elite sport, the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) was invented to tackle cheaters by monitoring closely changes in biological parameters, flagging atypical variations. The haematological module of the ABP was indeed adopted in 2011 by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). This study estimates the prevalence of blood doping based on haematological parameters in a large cohort of track & field athletes measured at two international major events (2011 & 2013 IAAF World Championships) with a hypothesized decrease in prevalence due to the ABP introduction. A total of 3683 blood samples were collected and analysed from all participating athletes originating from 209 countries. The estimate of doping prevalence was obtained by using a Bayesian network with seven variables, as well as “doping” as a variable mimicking doping with low-doses of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO), to generate reference cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) for the Abnormal Blood Profile Score (ABPS) from the ABP. Our results from robust haematological parameters indicate an estimation of an overall blood doping prevalence of 18% in average in endurance athletes (95% Confidence Interval (C.I.) 14-22%). A higher prevalence was observed in female athletes (22%, C.I. 16-28%) than in male athletes (15%, C.I. 9-20%). In conclusion, this study presents the first comparison of blood doping prevalence in elite athletes based on biological measurements from major international events that may help scientists and experts to use the ABP in a more efficient and deterrent way. What are the new findings ? This study presents the first comparison of blood doping prevalence in elite track & field athletes based on biological measurements from major international events Our results from robust haematological parameters indicate an estimation of an overall blood doping prevalence of 18% in average in endurance athletes. The confidence intervals for blood doping prevalence range from 9-28% with wide discrepancies between certain countries. How might it impact on clinical practice in the near future The further development of the Athlete Biological Passport with a careful monitoring of biological parameters still represents the most consistent approach to thwart athletes using undetectable prohibited substances or methods. This study describes a method to define blood doping prevalence with the analysis of robust haematological parameters Estimates of doping prevalence in subpopulations of athletes may represent a valuable tool for the antidoping authorities to perform a risk assessment in their sport.
On a Question of Closed Maps of S. Lin

Let X be a regular -space such that each single point set is a set. Denot 'hereditarily closure-preserving' by 'HCP'. To consider a question of closed maps of S. Lin in [6], we improve some results of Foged in [1], and prove the following propositions. Proposition 1. is discrete and closed if is a collection of HCP. Proposition 2. is an fininte subcolletion of is HCP if is a collection of HCP. Proposition 3. Let (X,) have a -HCP k-network. Then (X,) has a -HCP k-network F = such that such tat: (i) , (ii) is a discrete closed set and (iii) each is closed to finite intersections.
The effectiveness of common respiratory viruses detection by indirect immunofluorescence test in samples from upper respiratory tract

Study presents a preliminary analysis of the diagnostic effectiveness of the common respiratory viruses detection in the nasal and throat swab samples by the indirect immunofluorescence test. Samples referred for diagnostic test from 15 consecutive patients were examined. All evaluated throat swab samples proved positive (100%), while the rate of respiratory viruses detection in nasal samples was as low as 13.3%. Thus, our preliminary though quite informative data demonstrate considerably higher sensitivity of throat samples in IF-based diagnosis of respiratory viral infection.
M ar 2 01 6 Aspects of Emergent Symmetries

Abstract These are intended to be review notes on emergent symmetries, i.e., symmetries which manifest themselves in specific sectors of energy in many systems. The emphasis is on the physical aspects rather than computation methods. We include some background material and go through more recent problems in field theory, statistical mechanics and condensed matter. These problems illustrate how some important symmetries, such as Lorentz invariance and supersymmetry, usually believed to be fundamental, can arise naturally in low-energy regimes of systems involving a large number of degrees of freedom. The aim is to discuss how these examples could help us to face other complex and fundamental problems.
Should Financial Stability Be An Explicit Central Bank Objective ?

Against the backdrop of the wide swings in equity prices in recent years, the financial market repercussions accompanying corporate accounting scandals in the United States, and the current difficulties in key emerging market economies, it seems appropriate to reconsider the role of central banks in fostering financial stability. This session asks us to address a deceptively simple question: Should financial stability be an explicit central bank objective on a par with other objectives such as price stability and sustainable economic growth? At the outset, let me emphasize that all of the views I will express in answer to this question are my own and not necessarily those of my colleagues on the Board. To summarize the discussion below, financial stability has been and always will be a fundamental objective of central banks. Indeed, many central banks around the world—including the Federal Reserve—were established in part to serve as bulwarks against chronic episodes of financial instability and the attendant adverse consequences for the economy. So at this basic level, a financial stability objective for central banks seems entirely appropriate. That said, difficult issues may arise at times in judging how much weight should be attached to financial stability versus other central bank objectives and also in judging just how “activist” central banks should be in pursuing their financial stability objectives. In this connection, the Federal Reserve has found it useful to focus on its financial stability objectives primarily through the lens of its macroeconomic goals—price stability and sustainable long-run growth. That is, the Federal Reserve seeks to foster conditions that will contribute to price stability and sustainable output growth now and in the future.
First-principles Study of Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Manganese Decorated Graphene

The functionalization of graphene by the addition of Manganese (Mn) atom to its surface has been investigated computationally by using density-functional theory (DFT) based first-principles method within DFT-D2 level of approximations. The calculations have been computed employing the Quantum ESPRESSO codes. The stability, geometrical structures, electronic and magnetic properties of pure and Mn adatom graphene systems have been studied. From the information of adsorption energies of Mn atom on the different sites of graphene, the top site is found to be the most favorable one for its adsorption. Present study finds that the London dispersion interaction plays a major role in the weak binding of Mn on graphene. The study of electronic and magnetic properties of Mn decorated graphene shows that the conduction and valence band are overlapped with finite density of states (DOS) at Fermi level. The dissimilar DOS for up and down spin calculations quantify magnetic moment as 5.48 μ B which is consistent with the previous study Journal of Nepal Physical Society Vol.3(1) 2015: 24-34
Integration of QTL Mapping and Gene Fishing Techniques to Dissect the Multi-Main Stem Trait in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Rapeseed is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. Improving the production of rapeseed is beneficial to relieve the shortage of edible vegetable oil. As the organ of support and transport, the main stem of rapeseed controls the plant architecture, transports the water and nutrients, and determines the number of inflorescence. Increasing the number of main stems would be helpful for the yield improvement in Brassica napus (B. napus). This attractive multi-main stem (MMS) trait was observed in the KN DH population. We investigated not only the frequency of MMS traits but also dissected the genetic basis with QTL mapping analysis and Gene-Fishing technique. A total of 43 QTLs were identified for MMS based on high-density linkage map, which explained 2.95–14.9% of the phenotypic variation, among which two environmental stable QTLs (cqMMS.A3-2 and cqMMS.C3-5) were identified in winter and semi-winter environments. Epistatic interaction analysis indicated cqMMS.C3-5 was an important loci for MMS. According to the functional annotation, 159 candidate genes within QTL confidence intervals, corresponding to 148 Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) homologous genes, were identified, which regulated lateral bud development and tiller of stem, such as shoot meristemless (STM), WUSCHEL-regulated-related genes, cytokinin response factors (CRF5), cytokinin oxidase (CKX4), gibberellin-regulated (RDK1), auxin-regulated gene (ARL, IAR4), and auxin-mediated signaling gene (STV1). Based on Gene-Fishing analysis between the natural plants and the double-main stem (DMS) plant, 31 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were also obtained, which were related to differentiation and formation of lateral buds, biotic stimulus, defense response, drought and salt-stress responses, as well as cold-response functional genes. In addition, by combining the candidate genes in QTL regions with the DEGs that were obtained by Gene-Fishing technique, six common candidate genes (RPT2A, HLR, CRK, LRR-RLK, AGL79, and TCTP) were identified, which might probably be related to the formation of MMS phenotype. The present results not only would give a new insight into the genetic basis underlying the regulation of MMS but also would provide clues for plant architecture breeding in rapeseed.
Developing competitive advantages: successful export SMEs in Argentina, Chile and Colombia

This article analyses the specialization patterns of export smes in Argentina, Chile and Colombia in the 2001-2004 period with a view to identifying the factors that influence the level of success achieved by such companies. To this end, an indicator of export success is applied to the universe of export smes in the three countries and two groups of agents are differentiated: the successful and the unsuccessful. These factors are identified using information from surveys applied to some 300 export smes (both successful and unsuccessful) in the countries studied, covering trade, production, technology and the institutional environment. This study compares the relative situation of these countries and analyses the potential contribution their successful export smes can make to modifying their exportable goods baskets. K E Y W O R D S
INDIVIDUAL LEARNING , ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND PERCEIVED TEACHING PERFORMANCE : A STUDY WITH UNIVERSITY TEACHERS

This article analyzes university teachers’ perception about competences’ learning processes and their perceived performance, as well as the moderating role exercised by organizational support in the relationship between individual learning and perceived teaching performance. To explore the relationship among competency learning, support and job performance, a survey was carried out with 275 teachers from a federal university in the northeast of Brazil, that replied to the perception inventory of competency learning, transference support and teacher performance (ASOD). By analyzing the replies, it was confirmed that teacher learning in teaching, research, extension and management activities is the best predictor of performance perception. No evidence was found that the support moderates the relationship between teacher learning and perceived performance in the four activities.
Living poly(α-methylstyrene) near the polymerization line. VII. Molecular weight distribution in a good solvent

We have measured the molecular weight distribution (MWD) in a case of equilibrium polymerization. We have studied the time development of the MWD of “living” bifunctional poly(α-methylstyrene) in tetrahydrofuran after a quench to 21 K below the polymerization temperature, Tp. We see an intermediate Gaussian distribution evolving toward a final exponential distribution, as expected from theoretical considerations. We see a longer equilibration time for the number average molecular weight (Mn) as well as for the weight average molecular weight (Mw) than for the monomer concentration ([M)], whereas theories predict that Mn and [M] will relax together and that Mw will take much longer. We attribute the delayed equilibration and a second peak at about Mn/4 to the effects of ionic aggregation of the living polymers. We have also studied the equilibrium MWD of this system as a function of the temperature below Tp, and thus as a function of the number average degree of polymerization (L). These measurements and t.
Development and Introduction of a Damage Tolerant High Temperature Nickel-Base Disk Alloy, Rene'88DT

To address the need for an improved disk material, General Electric Aircraft Engines initiated an alloy development program which resulted in the production introduction of a powder metallurgy nickel-base disk alloy, Rene%gDT, with a significantly improved balance of creep, damage tolerance and tensile properties. The work done to evaluate experimental alloy compositions in laboratory screening trials and the down-selection to a preferred alloy through scale-up and full scale processing trials is described. In addition, the technology developed to overcome major challenges in grain size control, heat treatability, and achieving the proper balance between property levels and producibility is discussed.
Orthogonal Regression and Equivariance.

Ordinary least-squares regression treats the variables asymmetrically, designating a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. When it is not obvious how to make this distinction, a researcher may prefer to use orthogonal regression, which treats the variables symmetrically. However, the usual procedure for orthogonal regression is not equivariant. A simple modification is proposed to overcome this serious defect. Illustrative computations involving 15 observations on 5 variables are provided, and a robust version of the method is discussed. The modified orthogonal regression allows a researcher to explore a symmetric, equivariant, and robust linear relationship among a set of variables. (Contains 6 references.) (Author/SLD) ******************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Ofte e 01 I dut atom. Resew, h and lownven,01 E DU ATIONAL RE SOURCES INFORMATION CE NTE R (ERIC, Tet, dat orment has beer ,ewdduc PO AS et, e,ed born ! he pelson 0, of danqation Apnalmg i thanges hdve been made lo ceprochn Ion dualdv --Points di vieo, mOnS sUded IMS AIX me M du AO deceSsarav ,Acuesent OEMposqn,no,pniny Orthogonal Regression and Equivariance Eric Blankmeyer Department of Finance and Economics Southwest Texas State University San Marcos, TX 78666 Tel. 512-245-2547 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Eie/e gl-AUX/t4 N/672 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC). " Abstract. Ordinary least-squares regression treats the variables asymmetrically, designating a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. When it is not obvious how to make this distinction, a researcher may prefer to use orthogonal regression, which treats the variables symmetrically. However, the usual procedure for orthogonal regression is not equivariant. We propose a simple modification to overcome this serious defect. Illustrative computations are provided, and a robust version of our method is discussed.
Rs 46522 in the Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme E 2 Z Gene Is Associated with the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Individuals of Chinese Han Population with Type 2 Diabetes

Aims. We investigated the association between ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2Z (UBE2Z) gene SNP rs46522 and the risk of CAD in a Chinese Han population with type 2 diabetes and explored a possible interactive effect with environmental risk factors of CAD. Methods. 665 patients with T2D were enrolled; 390 were CAD patients and 275 were non-CAD patients. Genotype analysis of rs46522 (T>C) was performed using PCR-RFLP. Results. The SNP rs47522 was associated with the risk of CAD supposing recessive inheritance model (TT versus CC+CT, OR′ = 1 277, 95%CI′ 1.039–1.570, p′ = 0 020) and codominant model (TT versus CT, OR′ = 1 673, 95%CI′ 1.088–2.570, p′ = 0 019) after adjustment for confounders of CAD. A synergistic effect of rs46522 and BMI was discovered (β = 0 012, p for interreaction= 0.028). In subgroup analysis, minor allele T was significantly associated with CAD in overweight and obesity subgroup (p = 0 034), and the association was also proved in recessive model (OR = 1 537, 95%CI 1.075–2.196, p = 0 018). Smokers with genotype TT had threefold risk of CAD in comparison to nonsmokers with genotype TC or CC (p < 0 001). Conclusions. The SNP rs46522 in UBE2Z gene is associated with the risk of CAD in the individuals of Chinese Han descent with type 2 diabetes and is of synergistic effect with BMI.
Espectros de rayos X y propiedades elásticas teóricas de los silicatos cálcicos hidratados cristalinos: comparación con los geles de cemento

For 22 crystalline Calcium Silicates Hydrates, we have calculated their structure and their elastic properties by atomistic force field methods as well as simulate their Xray diffraction patterns. From the computed Young moduli, it can be suggested that the key parameters to determine the elastic properties of crystalline Calcium Silicate Hydrates are densities and water content. We have compared these trends with those of cementitious C-S-H gel and synthetic C-S-H type I as a function of their C/S ratios and nominal water content. Our comparison show that the experimentally suggested values of density and Young moduli for C-S-H gel lie in the range of the calculated CSH crystals. However, we conclude that a detailed correspondence might require investigating structurally within CSH gels the role of water and especially of Ca and Si sites through their C/S ratio.
INTERIOR DESIGN STUDENT TO PROFESSIONAL INTERIOR DESIGNER: AN EXPLORATION OF THE TRANSITION-TO-WORK AS INFLUENCED BY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION

Curriculum in Interior Design higher education is specifically developed to prepare students for a successful career in the Interior Design profession. During the final year of design programs, students explore professional practices, research potential firms and specialties, and generally plan for their transition to the work force. Evidence from other disciplines indicates that this transition to the professional environment has the potential to overwhelm students [1]. In addition to this generalized anxiety, millennial generation students have been identified as having very specific characteristics that include their reliance on and mastery of technology [2] [3]. These generational characteristics are influencing the transition-towork in every field, including the Interior Design profession. The objective of this project was to conduct a preliminary inquiry of the role of design internships on the transition-to-work process within the framework of the characteristics of the millennial generation. The inquiry included three specific components: 1) Conduct a literature review of the three bodies of knowledge -, the transition-to-work phenomena, millennial characteristics, and design internships; 2) Analyze existing survey data detailing employers experience with ID interns as collected for one Southern United States university; and 3) Develop an agenda for further study to include creation of tools to enable quality data collection about the internship as a profound experience shaping the transition-to-work process of a professional Interior Designer. Findings of this study will broaden Interior Design educators understanding of millennial generation students, and the role of internships as they relate to the student’s ability to successfully transition to the profession of Interior Design. This research builds on previous work on millennial generation design student cohort characteristics and begins to explore them within the framework of the transition-to-work phenomena – the final step in the design education process.
Comparative reservoir limnology in Juramento (Salta) and Salí-Dulce (Tucumán) Basins in Argentina

The reservoirs of the upper Juramento basin (Cabra Corral and El Tunal) and the Sali-Dulce basin (El Cadillal, Rio Hondo, and Escaba) show certain peculiarities due to their geographical location, basin morphology and limnological features. Such peculiaritieswere compared duringsignificant algal bloom periodsbetween 2002 and 2008, by analyzing the mainphysicochemical parameters and ecological attributes of the phytoplankton assemblagesusing standard methods. Tucuman reservoirs were different in most variables showing higher values of conductivity, nutrients and algal biomass.Regarding the hydrological cycle, El Cadillal exhibited the lowest biomass average (2.74 mg Chl.m -3 ) during maximum water flows, whereas the Cabra Corral lacustrine zone exhibited the highest biomass average (63.36 mg Chl.m -3 ) during minimum water flows. For the same period, the Cabra Corral lacustrine zone exhibited lower phytoplankton diversity and richness (1.37 and 9, respectively), in accordance with dinophyte blooms of Ceratium sp. In all reservoirs, the following biological variables showed a significant contrast in the hydrological cycle: highest phytoplankton biomass during minimum water flows (35.68 mg Chl- a m -3 ) vs. waterfloods (13.68 mg Chl- a m -3 ) (T = 3.42, P = 0.001). During minimum water flows, richness (14.30 sp.) and equitability (0.51) were lower vs. waterfloods (20.23, 0.59, respectively) (T = 2.36; P = 0.0196), as a result of the allochthonous nutrients provided by the main tributaries.Management of the reservoirs’hydrometric levels during dry season determines the deterioration of the waterquality with increased algal blooms. In order to ensure the systems’ sustainability, eutrophication must be controlledwithprograms to reduce diffuse nutrient loads and to treat residential and agroindustrial effluents, particularly in Sali-Dulce basin.