Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in X-ray Phase Imaging

Since the middle of the 1990s, X-ray phase imaging including phase tomography has been attracting increasing attention. The advantage of X-ray phase imaging is that an extremely high sensitivity is achieved for weak-absorbing materials, such as biological soft tissues, which generate a poor contrast by conventional methods. Medical and biological imaging is the main target of X-ray phase imaging, and several trials using synchrotron radiation sources and laboratory sources have been made. Measuring and controlling the X-ray phase are also significant for X-ray microscopy with a high spatial resolution, and innovative techniques are attracting intense interest. The progress of X-ray phase imaging is supported by the developments in X-ray sources such as third-generation synchrotron radiation sources, optical elements, and image detectors. This article describes the advantages of using X-ray phase information and reviews various techniques studied for X-ray phase imaging.
In vitro rearing of the tachinid parasitoid Exorista larvarum with exclusion of the host insect for more than one generation

We tested the possibility to eliminate the host insect from the line of production of Exorista larvarum (L.), a larval parasitoid of Lepidoptera, for more than one generation. Galleria mellonella (L.) larvae or a plastic sheet were provided as oviposition substrates either to parental or 1 st generation females. The eggs/female laid in 45 min were dramatically fewer on the plastic sheet compared to host larvae and decreased from the parental to the 1 st generation. Both the 1 st and 2 nd generation eggs (respectively laid by parental and 1 st generation females) were removed from the oviposition substrates (host larvae or plastic sheet) and placed on a skimmed milk-based artificial medium. The percentages of hatched eggs were not significantly affected by the oviposition substrate, but the generation effect was significant and fewer eggs hatched in the 2 nd than in the 1 st generation. The percentages of puparia and adults were not significantly influenced either by the oviposition substrate or generation. All the 2 nd generation adults obtained from eggs laid on the plastic sheet died 1-2 days after emergence, before the females oviposited, whereas the 2 nd generation adults obtained from eggs removed from the host integument survived. After mating, the females laid eggs on G. mellonella larvae. The results confirmed that, for one generation, the out-of-host eggs are competitive with those removed from G. mellonella larvae to rear E. larvarum on an artificial medium. The quality of the in vitro-cultured tachinids however decreases over generations, especially if the host is completely excluded from their line of production, i.e. not even used for collecting eggs. Moreover, several factors need to be investigated for E. larvarum to be stimulated to lay more eggs on artificial substrates.
Artificial Neural Network-Statistical Approach for PET Volume Analysis and Classification Mhd

1 Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Design, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB83PH, UK 2 Nanotechnology and Integrated BioEngineering Centre, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey BT37OQB, UK 3 Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospital, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland 4 Geneva Neuroscience Center, Geneva University, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland 5 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
Screening of Brinjal Genotypes against Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee.) Infestation using Augmented Block Design

Vegetables play an important role in human diet throughout the world. Vegetables are rapidly becoming an important source of income for the rural population. Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) belongs to the Solanaceae family and is a popular vegetable in Indian subcontinent. It is one of the major and principle vegetable crops widely grown in both temperate and tropical regions of the globe mainly for its immature fruits as vegetable (Rai et al., 1995). Brinjal is infested by more than 70 insect pests (Kalawate and Dethe, 2012) of which shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee) is one of the important pests. During the past two decades, this crop has been increasingly ravaged by brinjal shoot and fruit borer. The yield loss in India ranges from 30 to 70 per cent and up to 70 per cent in Andhra Pradesh in particular (Sasikala et al., 1999). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 07 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Non-Relativistic Limit of the Dirac Equation

We show that the first order form of the Schrodinger equation proposed in [1] can be obtained from the Dirac equation in the non-relativistic limit. We also show that the Pauli Hamiltonian is obtained from this equation by requiring local gauge invariance. In addition, we study the problem of a spin up particle incident on a finite potential barrier and show that the known quantum mechanical results are obtained. Finally, we consider the symmetric potential well and show that the quantum mechanical expression for the quantized energy levels of a particle is obtained with periodic boundary conditions. Based on these conclusions, we propose that the equation introduced in [1] is the non-relativistic limit of the Dirac equation and more appropriately describes spin 1/2 particles in the non-relativistic limit.
Coastal Dune Forest Development and the Regeneration of Millipede Communities

The rehabilitation of disturbed ecosystems through ecological succession should lead to the recovery of indigenous biological assemblages typical of a region. However, rehabilitation may give rise to unusual successional pathways and lead to atypical assemblages. We compared millipede assemblages along a chronosequence of habitats developing in response to a post‐mining coastal dune forest rehabilitation program with those developing spontaneously in the same area. Our comparison suggests that active rehabilitation mimics and even surpasses spontaneous successional development. On both chronosequences, the total number of species, as well as the mean density, diversity, and species richness increased, and dominance decreased, with habitat regeneration age. Moreover, the similarity of millipede assemblages on the two chronosequences to those on three sets of reference sites (mature forests) increased with regeneration age, but this recovery of community composition occurred faster on the rehabilitating chronosequence than on the spontaneously regenerating chronosequence. This suggests that successional processes are leading to a recovery of the predisturbed state, but factors like protection from further disturbances, which occur on the spontaneously regenerating chronosequence, is probably important to ensure success. The distance between a regenerating site and a colonization source area apparently affects the direction of community recovery—assemblages on the rehabilitating chronosequence converged faster onto assemblages on closer reference sites than onto those on reference sites farther away.
Counteracting the effect of leukemia exosomes by antiangiogenic gold nanoparticles

Purpose Progression of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is frequently associated with increased angiogenesis at the bone marrow mediated by exosomes. The capability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with antiangiogenic peptides to hinder the formation of new blood vessels has been demonstrated in a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Methods Exosomes of K562 CML cell line were isolated and their angiogenic effect assessed in a CAM model. AuNPs functionalized with antiangiogenic peptides were used to block the angiogenic effect of CML-derived exosomes, assessed by evaluation of expression levels of key modulators involved in angiogenic pathways - VEGFA, VEGFR1 (also known as FLT1) and IL8. Results Exosomes isolated from K562 cells promoted the doubling of newly formed vessels associated with the increase of VEGFR1 expression. This is a concentration and time-dependent effect. The AuNPs functionalized with antiangiogenic peptides were capable to block the angiogenic effect by modulating VEGFR1 associated pathway. Conclusion Exosomes derived from blast cells are capable to trigger (neo)-angiogenesis, a key factor for the progression and spreading of cancer, in particular in CML. AuNPs functionalized with specific antiangiogenic peptides are capable to block the effect of the exosomes produced by malignant cells via modulation of the intrinsic VEGFR pathway. Together, these data highlight the potential of nanomedicine-based strategies against cancer proliferation.
Symplectic resolutions of the Hilbert squares of ADE surface singularities

We study symplectic resolutions of the Hilbert scheme of two points on a surface with one ADE-singularity. We also characterize such singularities by central fibers of their symplectic resolutions. As an application, we show that these singularities are isomorphic to the Slodowy slices which are transversal to the `sub-subregular' orbits in the nilpotent cones of ADE-types.
JSSTR: A Joint Server Selection and Traffic Routing Algorithm for the Software-Defined Data Center

Server load balancing technology makes services highly functional by distributing the incoming user requests to different servers. Thus, it plays a key role in data centers. However, most of the current server load balancing schemes are designed without considering the impact on the network. More specifically, when using these schemes, the server selection and routing path calculation are usually executed sequentially, which may result in inefficient use of network resources or even cause some issues in the network. As an emerging architecture, Software-Defined Networking (SDN) provides new solutions to overcome these shortcomings. Therefore, taking advantages of SDN, this paper proposes a Joint Server Selection and Traffic Routing algorithm (JSSTR) based on improving the Shuffle Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA) to achieve high network utilization, network load balancing and server load balancing. Evaluation results validate that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve network efficiency and balance the network load and server load.
On the UV Dimensions of Loop Quantum Gravity

Planck-scale dynamical dimensional reduction is attracting more and more interest in the quantum-gravity literature since it seems to be a model independent effect. However, different studies base their results on different concepts of space-time dimensionality. Most of them rely on the spectral dimension; others refer to the Hausdorff dimension; and, very recently, the thermal dimension has also been introduced. We here show that all these distinct definitions of dimension give the same outcome in the case of the effective regime of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). This is achieved by deriving a modified dispersion relation from the hypersurface-deformation algebra with quantum corrections. Moreover, we also observe that the number of UV dimensions can be used to constrain the ambiguities in the choice of these LQG-based modifications of the Dirac space-time algebra. In this regard, introducing the polymerization of connections, that is, , we find that the leading quantum correction gives . This result may indicate that the running to the expected value of two dimensions is ongoing, but it has not been completed yet. Finding at ultrashort distances would require going beyond the effective approach we here present.
East-African Muscidae (Diptera). (Ergebnisse der Deutschen Zoologischen Ostafrika-Expedition 1951/52, Gruppe Lindner, Stuttgart, Nr. 20).

Nomenklatorische Handlungentetrastigma Paterson, 1956 (Atherigona (Atherigona)), spec. n.simulans Paterson, 1956 (Caricea), spec. n.cryptica Paterson, 1956 (Coenosia), spec. n.attenuata Paterson, 1956 (Helina (Helina)), spec. n.lindneri Paterson, 1956 (Helina (Idiopygus)), spec. n.lindneri Paterson, 1956 (Limnophora), spec. n.wittei Paterson, 1956 (Lispe), spec. n.afra Paterson, 1956 (Musca (Biomyia)), spec. n.lindneri Paterson, 1956 (Musca (Biomyia)), spec. n.
A novel machine learning based approach for iPS progenitor cell identification

Identification of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) progenitor cells, the iPS forming cells in early stage of reprogramming, could provide valuable information for studying the origin and underlying mechanism of iPS cells. However, it is very difficult to identify experimentally since there are no biomarkers known for early progenitor cells, and only about 6 days after reprogramming initiation, iPS cells can be experimentally determined via fluorescent probes. What is more, the ratio of progenitor cells during early reprograming period is below 5%, which is too low to capture experimentally in the early stage. In this paper, we propose a novel computational approach for the identification of iPS progenitor cells based on machine learning and microscopic image analysis. Firstly, we record the reprogramming process using a live cell imaging system after 48 hours of infection with retroviruses expressing Oct4, Sox2 and Klf4, later iPS progenitor cells and normal murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) within 3 to 5 days after infection are labeled by retrospectively tracing the time-lapse microscopic image. We then calculate 11 types of cell morphological and motion features such as area, speed, etc., and select best time windows for modeling and perform feature selection. Finally, a prediction model using XGBoost is built based on the selected six types of features and best time windows. Our model allows several missing values/frames in the sample datasets, thus it is applicable to a wide range of scenarios. Cross-validation, holdout validation and independent test experiments showed that the minimum precision is above 52%, that is, the ratio of predicted progenitor cells within 3 to 5 days after viral infection is above 52%. The results also confirmed that the morphology and motion pattern of iPS progenitor cells is different from that of normal MEFs, which helps with the machine learning methods for iPS progenitor cell identification. Author Summary Identification of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) progenitor cells could provide valuable information for studying the origin and underlying mechanism of iPS cells. However, it is very difficult to identify experimentally since there are no biomarkers known for early progenitor cells, and only after about 6 days of induction, iPS cells can be experimentally determined via fluorescent probes. What is more, the percentage of the progenitor cells during the early induction period is below 5%, too low to capture experimentally in early stage. In this work, we proposed an approach for the identification of iPS progenitor cells, the iPS forming cells, based on machine learning and microscopic image analysis. The aim is to help biologists to enrich iPS progenitor cells during the early stage of induction, which allows experimentalists to select iPS progenitor cells with much higher probability, and furthermore to study the biomarkers which trigger the reprogramming process.
Inherent gravitational instability of hot continental crust: Implications for doming and diapirism in granulite facies terrains

Modeling of in situ rock properties based on a Gibbs free energy minimization approach shows that regional metamorphism of granulite facies may critically enhance the decrease of crustal density with depth. This leads to a gravitational instability of hot continental crust, resulting in regional doming and diapirism. Two types of crustal models have been studied: (1) lithologically homogeneous crust and (2) heterogeneous, multilayered crust. Gravitational instability of relatively homogeneous continental crust sections is related to a vertical density contrast developed during prograde changes in mineral assemblages and the thermal expansion of minerals with increasing temperature. Gravitational instability of lithologically heterogeneous crust is related to an initial density contrast of dissimilar intercalated layers enhanced by high-temperature phase transformations. In addition, the thermal regime of heterogeneous crust strongly depends on the pattern of vertical interlayering: A strong positive correlation between temperature and the estimated degree of lithological gravitational instability is indicated. An interrelated combination of two-dimensional, numerical thermomechanical experiments and modeling of in situ physical properties of rocks is used to study the processes of gravitational redistribution within a doubly stacked, heterogeneously layered continental crust. It is shown that exponential lowering of viscosity with increasing temperature, in conjunction with prograde changes in metamorphic mineral assemblages during thermal relaxation after collisional thickening of the crust, provide positive feedback mechanisms leading to regional doming and diapirism that contribute to the exhumation of high-grade metamorphic rocks.
New iterative reconstruction methods for fan-beam tomography

Abstract In this paper, we present a novel class of iterative reconstruction methods for severely angular undersampled or/and limited-view tomographic problems with fan-beam scanning geometry. The proposed algorithms are based on a new analytical transform which generalizes Fourier-slice theorem to divergent-beam scanning geometries. Using a non-rigid coordinate transform, divergent rays can be reorganized into parallel ones. Therefore, one can employ a simpler parallel-beam projection model instead of more complicated divergent-beam geometries. Various existing iterative reconstruction techniques for divergent-beam geometries can be easily adapted to the proposed framework. The significant advantage of this formulation is the possibility of exploiting efficient Fourier-based recovery methods without rebinning of the projections. In case of highly sparse measurements (few-view data), rebinning methods are not suitable due to error-prone angular interpolation involved. In this work, three new methods based on the novel analytical framework for fan-beam geometry are presented: the Gerchberg-Papoulis algorithm, the Neumann decomposition method and its total variation regularized version. Presented numerical experiments demonstrate that the methods can be competitive in reconstructing from few-view noisy tomographic measurements.
REDEFINING RANGE OVERLAP BETWEEN THE SHARP-TAILED SPARROWS OF COASTAL NEW ENGLAND

Abstract With the designation of Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow (Ammodramus nelsoni) and Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow (A. caudacutus) as species of high conservation priority in the northeastern United States, the need to document fully their abundance, distribution, and the extent of range overlap has become increasingly important. We surveyed saltmarshes in coastal New England for both species from 1997 to 2000. The current overlap zone extends from Parker River, Massachusetts, north to Weskeag River, Maine, which expands the previously reported range overlap of 48 km to 208 km. Among the 49 sites surveyed within the current overlap zone, both species were present at 25 sites. It is possible that the species have experienced range expansion over the last several decades, especially the Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow. Our findings indicate that the nominate subspecies of the Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow warrants the greatest conservation concern given its limited geographic range, a potentially expanding hybrid zone with A. n. subvirgatus, and the potential for habitat degradation from an oil spill associated with the urban/industrial centers of the Northeast.
On the Construction of 20 × 20 and 24 × 24 Binary Matrices with Good Implementation Properties for Lightweight Block Ciphers and Hash Functions Muharrem

1 Department of Computer Engineering, Trakya University, 22030 Edirne, Turkey 2Department of Computer Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey 3 Institute of Applied Mathematics, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey 4 Software Engineering Department, Kirklareli University, 39000 Kırklareli, Turkey 5 Department of Computer Engineering, Namık Kemal University, 59860 Çorlu, Turkey
Building Cloud Applications

2 Considerations on Azure that impact the implementation 2 2.1 Lack of MPI . 2 2.2 Azure Storage and the shared memory abstraction . 4 2.3 Queues, jobs, tasks and QueueServices . 4 2.4 Affinity between workers and storage . 5 2.5 Idempotency . 5 2.6 Workers are at first tasks agnostic and stateless . 6 2.7 Scaling up is a developer initiative . 6 2.8 There are no strict guarantees on the number of workers actually running . 7 2.9 Pinging queues as a tradeoff between cost and simplicity . 7 2.10 Monitoring how many messages are delivered . 7 2.11 Workers Communication . 8 2.12 Atomicity in the BlobStorage . 9 2.13 Lokad-Cloud . 9
Lecidea toensbergii, the first described sorediate species in Lecidea sensu stricto

A molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the DNA barcode marker (nrITS) of 12 specimens of Lecidea leucothallina revealed three monophyletic clades, two apotheciate and one sorediate. The sorediate clade is described as L. toensbergii, and the two apotheciate clades are regarded as representing two cryptic species within L. leucothallina. Pannarin may be present or absent in the upper cortex in all three clades, and should not be used as a diagnostic character for further separation of taxa in this group.
Ether, Time, and Energy (November 21, 2006).

This work demonstrates that observation and theory support three properties of classical space-time: The first is smoothness, which holds since gravitational time dilation, at sufficiently high energy densities, gravitationally confines energy, preventing singularities. The second is the relationship between ether and energy, which allows practical experiments to observe the ether. And the third is causal consistency, assuming only the physical laws of current observations. Some associated points of interest are also discussed.
Spectrum of antibiotic resistance in cry4 positive local isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis.

The sensitivity of thirteen different antibiotics was tested against cry4 positive isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). All cry4 positive Bt isolates and positive controls of cry4 gene IPS78 and HD500 were found resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin and bacitracin and were sensitive to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, kanamycin, neomycin, nalidixic acid, oxytetracyclin, polymixin, streptomycin, tetracyclin and vancomycin. To identify the plasmid borne antibiotic resistance gene, the competent cells of E. coli (DH5ά) were transformed with plasmid DNA isolated from the Bt cultures. The transformed E. coli showed resistance to ampicillin and amoxicillin. It was found that both ampicillin and amoxicillin were plasmid borne and present on 1.5Kb and 1.0Kb plasmids, respectively, while no antibiotic resistance genes were found on 23Kb mega plasmid.