Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medical Ultrasound Tomography Problem: Experimental Data Processing with High-Performance Computing

The article is devoted to imaging in Ultrasound Tomography. We describe processing of experimental data obtained from an ultrasonic tomographic prototype in order to reconstruct an image of an acoustical medium. For visualization, we use the well-known geophysical method Reverse time migration (RTM). This work is the continuation of the research, earlier the method was tested on synthetic data, the stability of the method was studied and numerical experiments were carried out for 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional models of acoustic medium. The article presents the results of reconstruction based on the data measured for a phantom object using an experimental sample of the ultrasound tomograph developed at the Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University. The numerical solution of the problem is a resource consuming computational task. We use the standard parallel computing library (OpenMP) and a cluster system to reduce the processing time.
Analysis and Classification of Urban Facilities Problems Based on Comments in Social Networks. Case for Saint Petersburg

This paper describes an approach for conducting research on messages from users of urban communities in social networks using machine learning methods. This approach is proposed to be used to improve the efficiency of local government management, considering opinions of citizens who post their messages about urban facilities in social networks. The article presents the results of a pilot study, collected information (user reviews) from different communities, then, using machine learning methods, it was determined which object of urban economy is in issue, and then the sentiment type of such reviews was determined. The considered approach is a complex scenario for the classification of requests. The proposed classification approach has an accuracy of 78 %. The use of the proposed method is shown on the example of 2 administrative districts in Saint Petersburg – Petrogradsky and Kronshtadtsky.
InteraHeu: heuristics for technological interaction on events

The use of technologies to promote public interaction at different types of events is increasingly popular. Actions range from lighting smartphone flashes at concerts and festivals to interactive polls at lectures and scientific events. All of this represents attempts to appropriate the technology that is already part of people's daily lives to facilitate a more active public participation. Based on the techniques of audience engagement and collaborative interaction, this research aims to classify and systematize the characteristics of the most varied events involving the participation of people, aiming at their technology-mediated active participation. Thus, this paper discusses the characteristics and technological insertion proposed in some real events, sources of experimental studies, and, consequently, heuristics for technological insertion for interaction in these and other events.
High-resolution scanning electron microscopy for the analysis of three-dimensional ultrastructure of clots in acute ischemic stroke

Background Characterization of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) clots has typically focused on two-dimensional histological analysis of the thrombus. The three-dimensional (3D) architecture and distribution of components within emboli have not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the composition and microstructure of AIS clots using histology and serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM). Methods As part of the multi-institutional STRIP registry, 10 consecutive AIS emboli were collected from 10 patients treated by mechanical thrombectomy. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine clot composition. SBFSEM was used to assess the ultrastructural organization of the clots and specific features of individual components. Results Quantification of Martius Scarlett Blue stain identified fibrin (44.4%) and red blood cells (RBCs, 32.6%) as the main components. Immunohistochemistry showed a mean platelet and von Willebrand factor content of 23.9% and 11.8%, respectively. The 3D organization of emboli varied greatly depending on the region analyzed. RBC-rich areas were composed mainly of tightly packed RBCs deformed into polyhedrocytes with scant fibrin fibers interwoven between cells. The regions with mixed composition showed thick fibrin fibers along with platelets, white blood cells and RBC clusters. Fibrin-rich areas contained dense fibrin masses with sparse RBC. In three cases, the fibrin formed a grid-like or a sponge-like pattern, likely due to thrombolytic treatment. Segmentation showed that fibrin fibers were thinner and less densely packed in these cases. Conclusions 3D-SEM provides novel and potentially clinically relevant information on clot components and ultrastructure which may help to inform thrombolytic treatment and medical device design.
FIFA Sudden Death Registry (FIFA-SDR): a prospective, observational study of sudden death in worldwide football from 2014 to 2018

Objective To investigate the underlying causes and regional patterns of sudden death in football (soccer) players worldwide to inform and improve existing screening and prevention measures. Methods From 2014 to 2018 cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD), survived sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and traumatic sudden death were recorded by media monitoring (Meltwater), a confidential web-based data platform and data synchronisation with existing national Sudden Death Registries (n=16). Inclusion criteria were met when sudden death occurred during football-specific activity or up to 1 hour afterwards. Death during other activities was excluded. Results A total of 617 players (mean age 34±16 years, 96% men) with sudden death were reported from 67 countries; 142 players (23%) survived. A diagnosis by autopsy or definite medical reports was established in 211 cases (34%). The leading cause in players >35 years was coronary artery disease (76%) and in players ≤35 years was sudden unexplained death (SUD, 22%). In players ≤35 years the leading cause of SCD varied by region: cardiomyopathy in South America (42%), coronary artery anomaly in North America (33%) and SUD in Europe (26%). Traumatic sudden death including commotio cordis occurred infrequently (6%). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) resulted in a survival rate of 85% with the use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) compared with 35% without. Conclusions Regional variation in SCD aetiology should be verified by expansion of national registries and uniform autopsy protocols. Immediate access to an AED at training and competition sites, as well as CPR training for players, coaches and staff members, is needed to improve survival from SCA.
Blood Pressure Responses of Endothelin-11-31 Within the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Through Conversion to Endothelin-11-21

Endothelin-11-31 (ET-11-31), a novel member of the endothelin family comprising 31 amino acids and derived from the selective hydrolysis of big ET-1 by chymase, directly activates endothelin receptors or converts to ET-11-21 by ET converting enzyme (ECE). The cardiovascular effects of central ET-11-31 are not identified. The present study was designed to investigate the cardiovascular actions of ET-11-31 within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in anesthetized rats. Bilateral injection of ET-11-31 (0.5, 1, and 2 pmol for each side) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla produced an initial pressor and/or a long-lasting hypotensive action but did not affect HR. Unilateral microinjection of 2 and 4 pmol of ET-11-31 into the rostral ventrolateral medulla only produced a significant (P < 0.05) transient increase in blood pressure by an average of 13 and 12 mm Hg, respectively, whereas unilateral microinjection of 8 pmol of ET-11-31 produced a sustained fall in blood pressure (from 92 ± 6 to 69 ± 8 mm Hg, P < 0.05). The transient pressor effect of unilaterally injecting ET-11-31 (4 pmol) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla was completely abolished by pretreatment with either ETA receptor antagonist BQ123 (83 ± 2 versus 84 ± 5 mm Hg, P > 0.05) or ET converting enzyme inhibitor phosphoramidon (99 ± 5 versus 99 ± 7 mm Hg, P > 0.05) but not ETB receptor antagonist IRL1038 (89 ± 6 versus 96 ± 7 mm Hg, P < 0.05). In addition, prior injection of phosphoramidon also completely abolished the long-lasting hypotension of intra-RVLM ET-11-31 (8 pmol) but did not modify the depressor action of intra-RVLM ET-11-21 (from 100 ± 6 to 76 ± 8 mm Hg, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the current results suggest that the cardiovascular effects of intra-RVLM ET-11-31 might be the result of conversion of ET-11-31 to ET-11-21 through activation of ETA receptors.
Isotropic-nematic phase separation of a dispersion of organophilic boehmite rods

An isotropic-nematic phase separation is observed in dispersions of sterically stabilized rodlike boehmite particle. The phase separation process is studied with polarization microscopy. Also, the phase volumes and particle concentrations in the coexisting phases are determined. The dependence of these quantities on the total concentration of the dispersion is analyzed in terms of the Onsager theory for the isotropic-nematic phase transition extended to bidisperse mixture of rodlike particles. Qualitative agreement between theory and experiment is obtained. The triphasic isotropic-nematic-nematic equilibrium as predicted by the theory is observed after 6 months
Interaction design and requirements elicitation integrated through SPIDe: a feasibility study

SPIDe is a semio-participatory methodological process initially composed for the interaction (re)design of educational software. However, some SPIDe studies indicated that it is also possible to elicit requirements through its application due to its participatory characteristics. In this paper, we present an investigation about the feasibility of using SPIDe for requirements elicitation, presenting an exploratory case study of requirements elicitation integrated into interaction design. The data was collected in logbooks, semi-structured interviews, a technology acceptance model questionnaire, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results show that the use of SPIDe for requirements elicitation integrated into interaction design is feasible. Besides that, they indicate some improvements to the overall process.
A comparative study of users' subjective feeling collection instruments

Although interaction with computational systems influences human emotions, knowing what emotion emerges is a rather complex task. Researchers from the Human-Computer Interaction field employ several different methods to measure altered emotions and collecting data about users' subjective feeling is one of them. However, there is a lack of experimental studies that compare the different instruments used to evaluate these feelings. This paper carries out an investigation with four instruments - a set of emojis, the Self-Assessment Manikin, scroll sliders and Semantic Emotional Space - to find out which provides information about a subjective feeling that is closest to an emotion that has already been pre-classified by the literature for a given stimulus. The experiments involved 29 volunteers taking part in four experimental rounds. In each round, a volunteer watched a movie or part of a video clip and later randomly interacted with one of the instruments in a user interface. The results suggested that the scroll slider leads to a greater proximity to the pre-classified emotions.
Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy as a Probe of In-Plane Polymerization in Monolayer Organic Conducting Films

Several groups have shown that alkanethiol-modified pyrroles can be tethered to a gold surface, but there is often little evidence that, once oxidized, the resulting monolayer film is an organic conducting polymer. Using surface plasma resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, we demonstrate for the first time that, upon electrochemical oxidation, self-assembled alkanethiol−pyrrole films on gold show behavior characteristic of organic conducting polymers: we observe reversible changes in the optical constants of the organic film upon doping/dedoping. Since the optical constants are related to film conductivity, we show that the effective isotropic dielectric constant of the film obtained in the standard SPR data analysis can be interpreted in terms of in-plane and out-of-plane contributions to film conductivity. We find that the in-plane conductivity of oxidized 3-(ω-mercaptoundecyl)pyrrole is smaller, but of the same order of magnitude, than that found for thick films of polypyrrole. Most importantly, we observe re.
Resolution of Mixture Components by Target Transformation Factor Analysis and Determinant Analysis for the Selection of Targets

A combination of target testing and an iterative determinant analysis is incorporated into a mixture analysis method that achieves data decomposition in the spectral space by successive average orthogonalization (SAO) and the estimation of the pure component spectra by iterative target transformation factor analysis (ITTFA). This mixture analysis method starts with the resolution of component spectra. Hence, the selection of targets for further transformation is critical when a component spectrum contains multiple peaks. Various synthesized spectra, as well as IR spectra collected during the formation of a polyurethane foam, have been analyzed. SAO is shown to produce eigenvectors comparable to those obtained by some well-established methods, such as SVD and NIPALS. It is preferred in this research because it allows the processing of a potentially unlimited number of spectra and linearly dependent data sets. The results of the analysis of both the synthesized spectra and the real IR spectra demonstrate th.
Oxide Shell Assisted Vapor−Liquid−Solid Growth of Periodic Composite NanowiresA Case of Si/Sn

In the conventional vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) growth process, the wires or whiskers grown from the liquid catalyst droplets are always in the solid state. Here, we report the synthesis of a silicon-based periodic nanowire structure using a periodic volume-changing Sn particle as catalyst. Contrary to the common VLS process, the nanostructure growth was instead governed by a catalyst head consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid, and liquid Sn segments periodically appeared in Si nanowires during the growth process. The liquid Sn segments catalyzed the growth of secondary or branching nanowires from the primary nanowires. The result reveals clearly that the unusual growth is governed by the dual action of VLS and oxide-assisted growth (OAG). It further suggests a new pathway to rational design and synthesis of periodic composite nanostructures by taking advantage of both VLS and OAG processes.
Mobile Learning Adoption: A perspective from a Form Six Students in Sabah, Malaysia

Despite the availability of studies on mobile learning adoption, its theoretical foundations have not yet matured. However, studies on mobile learning adoption in the context of form six student in Malaysia is still very limited. Against this concern, a study was conducted with the aim of investigating factors that could influence the adoption of mobile learning. Based on The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and two other variables which are Perceived Playfulness and Self-Directed Learning, an empirical structured has been developed to identify predictors of mobile learning. A self-administered questionnaire was adopted and a total of 314 responses were employed for the analysis, using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The findings of the analysis revealed that all key constructs (except social influence) affect mobile learning adoption among form six students. Besides that, Self-Directed Learning become the strongest predictor and followed by Effort Expectancy. These findings provide crucial implications for educators and practitioners to take individual characteristic (Self-Directed Learning) into consideration while promoting mobile learning. This study represents one of the few attempts to reveal the extended UTAUT model could be increased explanation power of technology acceptance by the users. Directions for future study are suggested at the end of the paper.
Optimization of Multi-user Face Identification Systems in Big Data Environments

Computer vision o ﬀ ers several strategies that permit computers to comprehend the substance of inputted data to extract the relevant highlights features. That gives the possibility to develop several successful recognition systems like face identiﬁcation. One of the enormous di ﬃ culties these days is the way to have a prompt identiﬁcation face in a multi-client identiﬁcation system. We propose in this paper, an optimization of some face identiﬁcation systems in big data environments that manages the cost of an appropriate identiﬁcation time while holding a good performance of the system. The used systems are based on: CNN with Inception V3, PCA, LDA and LBPH. Our experimental results indicate that the performance can be preserved while reducing considerably the running time. LBPH with a Radius equal to 2 and 8 neighbors gives the best accuracy of that is equal to 95,71% with an identiﬁcation time of 4.44 seconds
U‐Pb Detrital Zircon Analysis – Results of an Inter‐laboratory Comparison

Inter‐laboratory comparison of laser ablation ICP‐MS and SIMS U‐Pb dating of synthetic detrital zircon samples provides an insight into the state‐of‐the art of sedimentary provenance studies. Here, we report results obtained from ten laboratories that routinely perform this type of work. The achieved level of bias was mostly within ± 2% relative to the ID‐TIMS U‐Pb ages of zircons in the detrital sample, and the variation is likely to be attributed to variable Pb/U elemental fractionation due to zircon matrix differences between the samples and the reference materials used for standardisation. It has been determined that ~ 5% age difference between adjacent age peaks is currently at the limit of what can be routinely resolved by the in situ dating of detrital zircon samples. Precision of individual zircon age determination mostly reflects the data reduction and procedures of measurement uncertainty propagation, and it is largely independent of the instrumentation, analytical technique and reference samples used for standardisation. All laboratories showed a bias towards selection of larger zircon grains for analysis. The experiment confirms the previously published estimates of the minimum number of grains that have to be analysed in order to detect minor zircon age populations in detrital samples.
Role of Early Traumatic Life Events, Insecure Attachment Style and Callous- Unemotional Traits in Predicting Aggressionin High School Students

Background: Worldwide, aggression is one of the main death causes for people between the ages of 15 to 44. Understanding the risk factors may be critical to accurate aggression and treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relation between early traumatic events, callous-unemotional traits and insecure attachment style with aggression in a sample of adolescent out-patient. Methods: Asample of high school students (n=345) with a mean age of 16.62 (SD=0.81) years completed Boss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), Early Trauma Inventory (ETI), Inventory of Callous-Unemotional (ICU) traits and revised adult attachment scale (RAAS). The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis. Results: Regression analysis revealed that 13% variance of aggression can be predicted by early traumatic events, insecure style of attachment and callous-unemotional traits. Conclusion: Our findings provide further insight into the role of particularpsychopathy traits, trauma and attachment in developing and maintaining aggression. Study implications and limitations are considered.
USE OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY TO STUDY THE COMBINED EFFECT OF VARIOUS PARAMETERS ON HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ADSORPTION

Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied as an experimental design for evaluating the effect of various operational parameters, namely contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and initial adsorbate concentration, on hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ion uptake from aqueous synthetic chromium solutions using granular activated carbon (GAC). Furthermore, the optimized processing conditions for adsorption of chromium on activated carbon were found on the basis of a multiple-response method called desirability. The best chromium removal was achieved at pH of 2.1, adsorbent dose of 5.16 g, and initial chromium concentration of 36.49 mg L−1 for a contact time of 239.86 min. Also, investigations were carried out to determine the appropriate adsorption isotherm, kinetics models, and mass transfer coefficient of chromium (VI) adsorption on GAC in optimum conditions. The obtained results showed that the adsorption of chromium (VI) follows the Langmuir isotherm equation. In addition, the kinetics of the adsorption process follows pseudo-first-order kinetics.
Linguistic-Based Detection of Fake News in Social Media

The tremendous growth and impact of fake news as a hot research field gained the public’s attention and threatened their safety in recent years. However, there is a wide range of developed fashions to detect fake contents, either those human-based approaches or machine-based approaches; both have shown inadequacy and limitations, especially those fully automatic approaches. The purpose of this analytic study of media news language is to investigate and identify the linguistic features and their contribution in analyzing data to detect, filter, and differentiate between fake and authentic news texts. This study outlines promising uses of linguistic indicators and adds a rather unconventional outlook to prior literature. It utilizes qualitative and quantitative data analysis as an analytic method to identify systematic nuances between fake and factual news in terms of detecting and comparing 16 attributes under three main linguistic features categories (lexical, grammatical, and syntactic features) assigned manually to news texts. The obtained datasets consist of publicly available right documents on the Politi-fact website and the raw (test) data set collected randomly from news posts on Facebook pages. The results show that linguistic features, especially grammatical features, help determine untrustworthy texts and demonstrate that most of the test news tends to be unreliable articles.
Real-Time Identification and Classification of Driving Maneuvers using Smartphone

The fast-paced development of smart technologies and the prevalence of vehicles, created an urgent demand to study and improve safety issues related to driving. In order to reduce traffic accidents, driving behavior was found to be very important issues to study and investigate. Recently, the advent and widespread of smartphone platforms with advanced computing competence and embedment of a variety sensing elements have greatly contributed to the development of solutions that can detect, and evaluate driving behavior and skills. In this study the development of a real-time smartphone-based identification and classification system for highway driving maneuvers is presented. The proposed system has been designed to detect ten different maneuvers usually performed by drivers when driving on highways. The methodology is based on separating the identification and the classification processes. The identification process is performed by a hybrid pattern matching scheme that combines Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and neural networks. While a second neural network has been used to classify maneuvers, severity based statistical and time features. The separation of the identification and classification processes simplifies and accelerates the learning processes of the neural networks and greatly improves both system’s reliability and accuracy