Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 5.0-to-6.36GHz Wideband-Harmonic-Shaping VCO Achieving 196.9dBc/Hz Peak FoM and 90-to-180kHz 1/f3 PN Corner Without Harmonic Tuning

Since 2001 [1], LC VCOs have been demonstrating significant improvements of figureof-merit (FoM) and 1/f phase noise (PN) corner [2–5] by exploring common-mode (CM) resonance at twice the oscillation frequency $\left(2 F_{0 s c}\right)$. In addition, for area reduction, the shaping of the impulse sensitivity function (ISF) has evolved from explicit with two coils [1] to implicit with one coil [2]. Yet, as depicted in Fig. 20.1. 1, the latter suffers from large CM magnetic-flux cancellation, resulting in a much lower CM impedance $\left|Z_{c M}\right|$ that is $\sim 0.64$ of its differential-mode (DM) impedance $\left|Z_{D M}\right|$. The VCO in [3] achieves a high FoM $_{\circledast 10 \mathrm{M}+\mathrm{z}}$ up to $191.4 \mathrm{dBc} / \mathrm{Hz}$ by boosting $\left|\mathrm{Z}_{\mathrm{CM}}\right|$ at $2 \mathrm{~F}_{0 \mathrm{sc}}$ and $\left|\mathrm{Z}_{\mathrm{DM}}\right|$ at $3 \mathrm{~F}_{{osc. }}$ Yet, to uphold an optimal performance over the tuning range (TR), the VCO in [3]still requires manual harmonic tuning for aligning the $1^{{st }}-t 0-2^{{nd }}$ and $1^{{st }-t 0-3^{{d }} { harmonic resonances. This }}$ denotes a narrowband effect. For the VCO in [4], which features a four-winding transformer with no harmonic tuning, there is a large variation of FoM $_{\circledast 10 \mathrm{MHz}}(190.7 \mathrm{t} \mathrm{t}$ $196.5 \mathrm{dBc} / \mathrm{Hz}$) and 1/f PN corner (60 to 600kHz) across the TR.
Superabsorbent polymeric materials. IV. Swelling behavior of crosslinked poly [sodium acrylate-co-N,N-dimethyl (acrylamidopropyl) ammonium propane sulfonate] in aqueous salt solution

A series of xerogels based on sodium acrylate (SA), N,N-dimethyl(acrylamidopropyl)ammonium propane sulfonate (DMAAPS), and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (NMBA) were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization. The water absorbency or swelling behavior for these xerogels in water or various saline solutions was investigated. Results obtained from this study revealed a water absorbency of 721 g H2O/g sample in deionized water and 83 g H2O/g sample in 0.9 wt % NaCl solution for a gel containing a 1.50 × 10 −2 molar fraction of DMAAPS. The absorbency in the chloride salt solutions decreased with an increase in the ionic strength of the salt. For the same ionic strength of various salt solutions, the swelling amount had the following tendency: Co 2+ > Ni 2+ > Cu 2+ for the higher ionic strength of 2.44 × 10 −5–1.8 × 10 −2M. The Co 2+, Ni2+, and Cu 2+ solutions induce approximately the same degree of swelling at the lower ionic strength of <2.44 × 10 minus;5M. The pH effect on the water absorbency for these xerogels was also investigated. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66:499–507, 1997
The impact of chemical modelling on turbulent premixed flame acoustics

Abstract Direct numerical simulations are used to study the impact of chemical modelling on the flame dynamics and the sound generated by three-dimensional, turbulent, premixed methane/air jet flames. The semi-global BFER mechanism from Franzelli et al. (Combust. Flame, vol. 159, issue 2, 2012, pp. 621–637) and the more complex skeletal COFFEE mechanism from Coffee (Combust. Flame, vol. 55, issue 2, 1984, pp. 161–170) are considered. A more wrinkled flame is observed at downstream locations when using the COFFEE mechanism, demonstrating stronger flame/turbulence interaction. This flame also has a significantly lower acoustic power even though it features more acoustic output at high frequencies. The former is shown to arise from lower fluctuations of the heat release rate, whilst the latter is caused by the COFFEE mechanism creating more wrinkled flame surfaces. These results suggest that the accurate simulation of the noise emitted by turbulent premixed flames requires a chemical mechanism that ensures two main features: the heat release rate profile is important for modelling the overall sound amplitude and low frequency acoustics, whilst the flame/turbulence interaction impacts the higher frequency sound.
Post-Hoc Vibration Mitigation for Single-Molecule Tracking and Diffusion Measurements in Lipid Membranes

ABSTRACT Single-molecule tracking algorithms and analyses that use particle trajectory information rely on the accurate determination of particle positions to produce a meaningful interpretation of molecular dynamics. However, artifacts arising from vibration can sometimes distort or entirely mask the processes being studied. Here we describe a straightforward implementation of the Lucas-Kanade stabilization algorithm that can remove the impact of instrument-related vibrations on molecular diffusion measurements after a data set has been collected. Using fluorescently derivatized αHL on supported lipid bilayers in conjunction with computer simulations of 2D diffusion, we report that post-hoc stabilization can be effective in removing both simple and complex noise sources. The effectiveness of vibration mitigation is a function of the relationship between the vibration amplitude and the magnitude of the diffusion constant. For diffusion constants in the range of typical membrane proteins (e.g., 10−9 to 10−7 cm2s−1), vibrations that produce errors in excess of 100% can be reduced to producing errors less than 5%. The algorithm is effective even when the relative magnitude of the vibration is high and can be especially useful in experiments where vibrations cannot be entirely removed by experimental means alone. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Spectroscopy Letters for the following free supplemental resources: Video content illustrating single–molecule tracking capability, output from the single–molecule simulator, and the impact of post-hoc vibration stabilization.
New flight trajectory optimisation method using genetic algorithms

Abstract This paper presents a new flight trajectory optimisation method, based on genetic algorithms, where the selected optimisation criterion is the minimisation of the total cost. The candidate flight trajectories evaluated in the optimisation process are defined as flight plans with two components: a lateral flight plan (the set of geographic points that define the flight trajectory track segments) and a vertical flight plan (the set of data that define the altitude and speed profiles, as well as the points where the altitude and/or speed changes occur). The lateral components of the candidate flight plans are constructed by selecting a set of adjacent nodes from a routing grid. The routing grid nodes are generated based on the orthodromic route between the flight trajectory’s initial and final points, a selected maximum lateral deviation from the orthodromic route and a selected grid node step size along and across the orthodromic route. Two strategies are investigated to handle invalid flight plans (relative to the aircraft’s flight envelope) and to compute their flight performance parameters. A first strategy is to assign a large penalty total cost to invalid flight profiles. The second strategy is to adjust the invalid flight plan parameters (altitude and/or speed) to the nearest limit of the flight envelope, with priority being given to maintaining the planned altitude. The tests performed in this study show that the second strategy is computationally expensive (requiring more than twice the execution time relative to the first strategy) and yields less optimal solutions. The performance of the optimal profiles identified by the proposed optimisation method, using the two strategies regarding invalid flight profile performance evaluation, were compared with the performance data of a reference flight profile, using identical input data: initial aircraft weight, initial and final aircraft geographic positions, altitudes and speed, cost index, and atmospheric data. The initial and final aircraft geographic positions, and the reference flight profile data, were retrieved from the FlightAware web site. This data corresponds to a real flight performed with the aircraft model used in this study. Tests were performed for six Cost Index values. Given the randomness of the genetic algorithms, the convergence to a global optimal solution is not guaranteed (the solution may be non-optimal or a local optima). For a better evaluation of the performance of the proposed method, ten test runs were performed for each Cost Index value. The total cost reduction for the optimal flight plans obtained using the proposed method, relative to the reference flight plan, was between 0.822% and 3.042% for the cases when the invalid flight profiles were corrected, and between 1.598% and 3.97% for the cases where the invalid profiles were assigned a penalty total cost.
Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 5. Accidental Releases

Over the course of fifty-three years, LLNL had six acute releases of tritiated hydrogen gas (HT) and one acute release of tritiated water vapor (HTO) that were too large relative to the annual releases to be included as part of the annual releases from normal operations detailed in Parts 3 and 4 of the Tritium Dose Reconstruction (TDR). Sandia National Laboratories/California (SNL/CA) had one such release of HT and one of HTO. Doses to the maximally exposed individual (MEI) for these accidents have been modeled using an equation derived from the time-dependent tritium model, UFOTRI, and parameter values based on expert judgment. All of these acute releases are described in this report. Doses that could not have been exceeded from the large HT releases of 1965 and 1970 were calculated to be 43 {micro}Sv (4.3 mrem) and 120 {micro}Sv (12 mrem) to an adult, respectively. Two published sets of dose predictions for the accidental HT release in 1970 are compared with the dose predictions of this TDR. The highest predicted dose was for an acute release of HTO in 1954. For this release, the dose that could not have been exceeded was estimated to have been 2 mSv (200 mrem),more » although, because of the high uncertainty about the predictions, the likely dose may have been as low as 360 {micro}Sv (36 mrem) or less. The estimated maximum exposures from the accidental releases were such that no adverse health effects would be expected. Appendix A lists all accidents and large routine puff releases that have occurred at LLNL and SNL/CA between 1953 and 2005. Appendix B describes the processes unique to tritium that must be modeled after an acute release, some of the time-dependent tritium models being used today, and the results of tests of these models. « less
The Effect to Evaluation of Lighting Environment by Human "Acquired through Experience"

We notice relevancies between objective and subjective evaluation to adopt psychological and physiological indicators with a full understanding of human "acquired through experience". In a result, there are differences in subjective evaluations obviously. This shows that human "acquired through experience" would take effect to evaluate of lighting environment of an indoor space on which man lives daily.
Application of Orem’s self-care theory in the nursing of patients after craniocerebral tumor surgery and its impacts on their self-care ability and mental state

Objective: To apply Orem’s self-care theory in the nursing of patients after craniocerebral tumor surgery, and explore its impacts on their self-care ability and mental state. Methods: This prospective study was performed in 108 patients with craniocerebral tumor. According to the random number table, these patients were assigned to the experimental group (n=54) and the control group (n=54). Patients in the experimental group received Orem’s self-care theory-based nursing, while patients in the control received routine nursing. Self-care ability, quality of life, sleep and mental state, nutritional indicators, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: Exercise of self-care agency scores in all aspects in both groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention; Hamilton rating anxiety scale and Hamilton rating depression scale scores in the two groups after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention, and the changes in the experimental group were more than those in the control group (all P<0.01). World Health Organization quality of life BREF scores, serum total protein, and serum albumin levels in the two groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention; Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores in both groups after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention, and the decrease in the experimental group was more significant than that in the control group (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the incidence of complications in the experimental group was significantly reduced (3.70% vs 16.67%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Orem’s self-care theorybased nursing of patients after craniocerebral tumor surgery contributes to the improvement of self-care ability, quality of life, sleep quality, and negative emotions, reduction of complications, and promotion of postoperative nutritional status.
Trainieren von vollständig Convolutional Networks auf spärlich annotierten Datensätzen

The task of learning Fully Convolutional Neural Networks (F-CNNs) for Semantic Segmentation requires large amount of annotated data with ﬁne-grained categorization of each pixel to a class. Often in many real life scenarios annotations of certain classes on certain images are missing. For example: given a task of segmenting a RGB image into classes {car, sky, road}, some selected images can have annotations only for car, while unannotated sky and road, inspite of its being present in the given image. This kind of datasets with ‘missing annotations’ poses problems when used to learn standard F-CNNs due the ambiguity produced in the background class. Although generating such missing annotations for a dataset is less tedious and cheaper from the alternative. In this thesis, we attempt towards learning F-CNN models with such dataset. Our contribution lies with designing a generic multi-head F-CNN model which divides the N class segmentation task in N heads, while getting trained reliably with less annotations per class. Such N head segmentation might produce conﬂicting labeling in certain overlap regions, where we propose to solve using model uncertainty for each of the heads. We benchmark our idea on Visceral dataset on the task of whole body segmentation and demonstrate substantial improvements over the baselines.
Equidistribution of Farey sequences on horospheres in covers of $\text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{Z})\backslash \text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{R})$ and applications

We establish the limiting distribution of certain subsets of Farey sequences, i.e., sequences of primitive rational points, on expanding horospheres in covers $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}\backslash \text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{R})$ of $\text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{Z})\backslash \text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{R})$ , where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}$ is a finite-index subgroup of $\text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{Z})$ . These subsets can be obtained by projecting to the hyperplane $\{(x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n+1})\in \mathbb{R}^{n+1}:x_{n+1}=1\}$ sets of the form $\mathbf{A}=\bigcup _{j=1}^{J}\mathbf{a}_{j}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}$ , where for all $j$ , $\mathbf{a}_{j}$ is a primitive lattice point in $\mathbb{Z}^{n+1}$ . Our method involves applying the equidistribution of expanding horospheres in quotients of $\text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{R})$ developed by Marklof and Strömbergsson, and more precisely understanding how the full Farey sequence distributes in $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}\backslash \text{SL}(n+1,\mathbb{R})$ when embedded on expanding horospheres as done in previous work by Marklof. For each of the Farey sequence subsets, we extend the statistical results by Marklof regarding the full multidimensional Farey sequences, and solutions by Athreya and Ghosh to Diophantine approximation problems of Erdős–Szüsz–Turán and Kesten. We also prove that Marklof’s result on the asymptotic distribution of Frobenius numbers holds for sets of primitive lattice points of the form $\mathbf{A}$ .
Integrative Levels Classification as a Networked KOS A SKOS Representation of ILC2

: Recently, there is a need to move knowledge organization systems (KOS) to online applications, by using Semantic Web technologies, in order to optimize indexing and searching. The present paper reports the representation of the Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) as a networked KOS, through conversion of its second edition into the W3C standard SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System) format.
The first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic and its impact on socioeconomic inequality in psychological distress in the UK

Abstract We use data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) to compare measures of socioeconomic inequality in psychological distress, measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), before (Waves 9 and the Interim 2019 Wave) and during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic (April to July 2020). Based on a caseness measure, the prevalence of psychological distress increased from 18.5% to 27.7% between the 2019 Wave and April 2020 with some reversion to earlier levels in subsequent months. Also, there was a systematic increase in total inequality in the Likert GHQ‐12 score. However, measures of relative socioeconomic inequality have not increased. A Shapley‐Shorrocks decomposition analysis shows that during the peak of the first wave of the pandemic (April 2020) other socioeconomic factors declined in their share of socioeconomic inequality, while age and gender account for a larger share. The most notable increase is evident for younger women. The contribution of working in an industry related to the COVID‐19 response played a small role at Wave 9 and the Interim 2019 Wave, but more than tripled its share in April 2020. As the first wave of COVID‐19 progressed, the contribution of demographics declined from their peak level in April and chronic health conditions, housing conditions, and neighbourhood characteristics increased their contributions to socioeconomic inequality.
Recipes for Post-training Quantization of Deep Neural Networks

Given the presence of deep neural networks (DNNs) in all kinds of applications, the question of optimized deployment is becoming increasingly important. One important step is the automated size reduction of the model footprint. Of all the methods emerging, post-training quantization is one of the simplest to apply. Without needing long processing or access to the training set, a straightforward reduction of the memory footprint by an order of magnitude can be achieved. A difﬁcult question is which quantization methodology to use and how to optimize different parts of the model with respect to different bit width. We present an in-depth analysis on different types of networks for audio, computer vision, medical and hand-held manufacturing tools use cases; Each is compressed with ﬁxed and adaptive quantization and ﬁxed and variable bit width for the individual tensors.
Identifying Essential Viral Genes through Genomic Engineering

ii Acknowledgements . iv Vita . v List of Figures . viii List of Tables . ix Introduction . 1 Materials and Methods . 6 Results . 17 Discussion . 27 Conclusion and Future Work . 32 Bibliography . 35
Pyrolysis of Suncheon-Bay wild reed over zeolite catalysts

The catalytic fast pyrolysis of wild reed was carried out over HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts with two different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios, 23 and 280. The effects of the pyrolysis temperature and catalyst on the bio-oil yield were examined using a laboratory-scale batch-type quartz reactor for the pyrolysis experiments over the temperature range, 440–560 °C. The highest bio-oil yield was obtained between 520 °C and 560 °C depending on the catalytic conditions. The bio-oil yields obtained from catalytic pyrolysis were generally lower than those obtained from non-catalytic pyrolysis because of the cracking of large-molecular-mass products into gaseous species. Further experiments were carried out using the pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry at 550 °C for the in-situ analysis of the species distribution of the product bio-oil. Regardless of the use of catalyst, oxygenates were the most abundant products from the pyrolysis of wild reed, followed by phenolics. The fraction of total oxygenates was reduced consid.
THE VALUE OF FINNISH SECOND-HAND CONSIGNMENT STORES FOR SECOND-HAND SELLERS Master’s Thesis

Today, clothes are significantly underused due to increased competition among fashion companies, mass production of garments, and price-sensitive consumers. The underuse of clothes wastes resources and strains the environment and the economy. One solution to the issue is reusing clothes, which leads to environmental improvements if it replaces the demand for new clothes. In recent years, consuming used clothes, also called second-hand, has gained popularity, and the market has been estimated to double in five years. In this thesis, Finnish second-hand consignment stores (SHCS) are studied from the perspectives of business models and second-hand seller consumers. SHCSs provide a marketplace for the buyers and sellers of second-hand. This study aims to connect SHCS to the broader theory of business models by evaluating them against business models in the circular economy and the sharing economy. Moreover, the thesis investigates how SHCSs create value for second-hand sellers. To understand second-hand sellers better, the analysis investigates second-hand selling as a disposal method. Clothing disposal has a crucial role in determining whether clothes end up in reuse or not. The applied research strategy is an extensive case study. The research consists of five cases, which represent the value propositions of Finnish SHCS to second-hand sellers. Three case company representatives and ten second-hand sellers were interviewed for the cases. Moreover, the interview data was enriched with documentary data. The study is an embedded case study as it has three sets of analysis units. The first set investigates how SHCSs relate to circular and sharing economy business models. The second set of analysis units evaluates second-hand selling as a disposal method. Finally, the value proposition canvas is used to assess how SHCSs serve second-hand sellers. The analysis indicates that all SHCS support the circular economy by directing clothes to reuse. Yet, only some SHCSs have sharing economy business models. Consequently, the circular economy might be a more fruitful study context for SHCS than the sharing economy. The thesis also shows that consumers sell clothes to earn money and support sustainable development. Further, the analysis indicates that clothing must be in good condition and have resale value to be sold forward. By applying these insights, companies may develop more circular offerings. The study demonstrates that consumers choose their selling channel based on convenience, familiarity, and possible monetary returns. SHCSs provide consumers a secure way to sell their clothes, but their offering varies from turnkey service to self-service. SHCSs must tailor their offering to a specific customer segment as not all second-hand sellers value the same services.