Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification of Wheelchair Related Shoulder Loading Activities from Wearable Sensor Data: A Machine Learning Approach

Shoulder problems (pain and pathology) are highly prevalent in manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. These problems lead to limitations in activities of daily life (ADL), labor- and leisure participation, and increase the health care costs. Shoulder problems are often associated with the long-term reliance on the upper limbs, and the accompanying “shoulder load”. To make an estimation of daily shoulder load, it is crucial to know which ADL are performed and how these are executed in the free-living environment (in terms of magnitude, frequency, and duration). The aim of this study was to develop and validate methodology for the classification of wheelchair related shoulder loading ADL (SL-ADL) from wearable sensor data. Ten able bodied participants equipped with five Shimmer sensors on a wheelchair and upper extremity performed eight relevant SL-ADL. Deep learning networks using bidirectional long short-term memory networks were trained on sensor data (acceleration, gyroscope signals and EMG), using video annotated activities as the target. Overall, the trained algorithm performed well, with an accuracy of 98% and specificity of 99%. When reducing the input for training the network to data from only one sensor, the overall performance decreased to around 80% for all performance measures. The use of only forearm sensor data led to a better performance than the use of the upper arm sensor data. It can be concluded that a generalizable algorithm could be trained by a deep learning network to classify wheelchair related SL-ADL from the wearable sensor data.
ENERGY-DEPENDENT POWER SPECTRAL STATES AND ORIGIN OF APERIODIC VARIABILITY IN BLACK HOLE BINARIES

We found that the black hole candidate MAXI J1659−152 showed distinct power spectra, i.e., power-law noise (PLN) versus band-limited noise (BLN) plus quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) below and above about 2 keV, respectively, in observations with Swift and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer during the 2010 outburst, indicating a high energy cutoff of the PLN and a low energy cutoff of the BLN and QPOs around 2 keV. The emergence of the PLN and the fading of the BLN and QPOs initially took place below 2 keV when the source entered the hard intermediate state and settled in the soft state three weeks later. The evolution was accompanied by the emergence of the disk spectral component and decreases in the amplitudes of variability in the soft and hard X-ray bands. Our results indicate that the PLN is associated with an optically thick disk in both hard and intermediate states, and the power spectral state is independent of the X-ray energy spectral state in a broadband view. We suggest that in the hard or intermediate state, the BLN and QPOs emerge from the innermost hot flow subjected to Comptonization, while the PLN originates from the optically thick disk farther out. The energy cutoffs of the PLN and the BLN or QPOs then follow the temperature of the seed photons from the inner edge of the optically thick disk, while the high frequency cutoff of the PLN follows the orbital frequency of the inner edge of the optically thick disk as well.
Prewhitening of mixing matrices: impact on the contraction of their probability mass priors

The authors consider a linear mixture of n sources, x(t) = As(t) + w(t), where x(t) denotes the observations, A /spl isin/ /spl Ropf//sup n/spl times/n/ is the mixing matrix, s(t) contains the n source signals, and w(t) models observation noise. The sources are assumed to be wide-sense stationary, zero-mean, R/sub s/ = E{s(t)s(t)/sup T/} = I/sub n/, and A is invertible.
WRITING ELECTRONIC FERROMAGNETIC STATES IN A HIGH-TEMPERATURE PARAMAGNETIC NUCLEAR SPIN SYSTEM

In this paper, we use Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to write electronic states of a ferromagnetic system into high-temperature paramagnetic nuclear spins. Through the control of phase and duration of radio frequency pulses, we set the NMR density matrix populations, and apply the technique of quantum state tomography to experimentally obtain the matrix elements of the system, from which we calculate the temperature dependence of magnetization for different magnetic fields. The effects of the variation of temperature and magnetic field over the populations can be mapped in the angles of spin rotations, carried out by the RF pulses. The experimental results are compared to the Brillouin functions of ferromagnetic ordered systems in the mean field approximation for two cases: the mean field is given by (i) B = B0 + λM and (ii) B = B0 + λM + λ′M3, where B0 is the external magnetic field, and λ, λ′ are mean field parameters. The first case exhibits second order transition, whereas the second case has first order transition with temperature hysteresis. The NMR simulations are in good agreement with the magnetic predictions.
Carotenoids from Marine Microalgae as Antimelanoma Agents

Melanoma cells are highly invasive and metastatic tumor cells and commonly express molecular alterations that contribute to multidrug resistance (e.g., BRAFV600E mutation). Conventional treatment is not effective in a long term, requiring an exhaustive search for new alternatives. Recently, carotenoids from microalgae have been investigated as adjuvant in antimelanoma therapy due to their safety and acceptable clinical tolerability. Many of them are currently used as food supplements. In this review, we have compiled several studies that show microalgal carotenoids inhibit cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion, as well as induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various melanoma cell lines. MAPK and NF-ĸB pathway, MMP and apoptotic factors are frequently affected after exposure to microalgal carotenoids. Fucoxanthin, astaxanthin and zeaxanthin are the main carotenoids investigated, in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Preclinical data indicate these compounds exhibit direct antimelanoma effect but are also capable of restoring melanoma cells sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy (e.g., vemurafenib and dacarbazine).
CQED quantum tomography of a microwave range

The protocol of measurement the probability density of a rotated quadrature of microwave mode in an arbitrary quantum state is presented and numerically investigated. The protocol is adapted to the measuring procedure used in the CQED experiments. The method is based on measurement of integrated probability of detection of atoms - probes in the top working state from atoms flying via the cavity. Connection of random variables and is found, when is a qudrature phase. Connection of the tomogram and the tomogram is found. The protocol prescribes the rule of choice of problem parameters, such as interaction time, and the number of atoms in series . The method contains a single fitting parameter that is selected in the process of numerical simulation of the quadrature distribution in a coherent state. Quality selection is determined by the Kolmogorov test. The result of the calculation protocol is a convolution with the instrumental function of the method. The parameters of the instrumental function are shown. Numerical simulations performed for typical numerical values of parameters of the experimental setup, shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Reconfigurable Patch Antenna With Linear and Circular Polarizations Based on Double-Ring-Slot Feeding Structure

This article presents a general design method for the aperture-coupled linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized (CP) reconfigurable antennas. A novel double-ring-slot structure is developed as an improved aperture-coupled feeding network. First, an LP antenna integrated with filtering radiation performance is investigated. The double-ring-slot feeding structure not only realizes a bandpass-type filtering response with two deep radiation nulls at passband edges but also ensures wideband antenna impedance matching. Second, by coupling an extra microstrip line to the double-ring slot as a virtual input port, a CP antenna is developed. Finally, by inserting a p-i-n diode as the switch to control the ON-OFF state of the virtual input port, an LP-to-CP reconfigurable antenna is realized. Since no intricate components, such as filter resonators or reconfigurable circuits, are involved, the proposed reconfigurable antenna features a very simple structure and high radiation efficiency. To reveal the design procedure, the working mechanisms of the LP filtering antenna and CP antenna functions are studied and presented individually. For demonstration, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. When it operates as an LP antenna, it realized a 35.3% measured impedance bandwidth, 8.2 dBi flat in-band gains, and more than 15 dB out-of-band radiation suppression level, whereas, for the CP antenna operation, 12.6% measured axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is obtained.
Elderly CADASIL patients with intact neurological status

Background and Purpose Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is one of the most devastating cerebral small vessel diseases. However, despite its progression with aging, some patients remain neurologically intact (Nint) even when they get older. Their main characteristics are poorly known. We aimed to delineate their clinical, imaging, and molecular features. Methods Individuals aged over 65 years were selected from a cohort of 472 CADASIL patients. Subjects who had no focal deficit, cognitive impairment, or disability were considered Nint. Their demographic, genetic, clinical, and imaging features were compared to those with permanent neurological symptoms (Nps). Results Among 129 patients, 23 (17.8%) individuals were considered Nint. The frequency of vascular risk factors and NOTCH3 cysteine mutations in epidermal growth factor-like repeat (EGFr) domains 7-34 did not differ between Nint and Nps patients but Nint patients had less stroke events and were more likely to have migraine with aura. The number of lacunes and microbleeds and degree of brain atrophy were lower in the Nint group, but the volume of white matter hyperintensities did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions Nearly one in five CADASIL patients can remain Nint after the age of 65 years. Their clinical and imaging profile differed from that of other age-matched CADASIL patients. The location of NOTCH3 mutation inside or outside EGFr domains 1-6 cannot fully explain this discrepancy. The factors involved in their relative preservation of brain tissue from severe damage despite aging remain to be determined.
A NON-RADIAL OSCILLATION MODE IN AN ACCRETING MILLISECOND PULSAR?

We present results of targeted searches for signatures of non-radial oscillation modes (such as r- and g-modes) in neutron stars using RXTE data from several accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars (AMXPs). We search for potentially coherent signals in the neutron star rest frame by first removing the phase delays associated with the star's binary motion and computing fast Fourier transform power spectra of continuous light curves with up to 230 time bins. We search a range of frequencies in which both r- and g-modes are theoretically expected to reside. Using data from the discovery outburst of the 435 Hz pulsar XTE J1751−305 we find a single candidate, coherent oscillation with a frequency of 0.5727597 × νspin = 249.332609 Hz, and a fractional Fourier amplitude of 7.46 × 10−4. We estimate the significance of this feature at the 1.6 × 10−3 level, slightly better than a 3σ detection. Based on the observed frequency we argue that possible mode identifications include rotationally modified g-modes associated with either a helium-rich surface layer or a density discontinuity due to electron captures on hydrogen in the accreted ocean. In the latter case the presence of sufficient hydrogen in this ultracompact system with a likely helium-rich donor would present an interesting puzzle. Alternatively, the frequency could be identified with that of an inertial mode or a core r-mode modified by the presence of a solid crust; however, the r-mode amplitude required to account for the observed modulation amplitude would induce a large spin-down rate inconsistent with the observed pulse timing measurements. For the AMXPs XTE J1814−338 and NGC 6440 X−2 we do not find any candidate oscillation signals, and we place upper limits on the fractional Fourier amplitude of any coherent oscillations in our frequency search range of 7.8 × 10−4 and 5.6 × 10−3, respectively. We briefly discuss the prospects and sensitivity for similar searches with future, larger X-ray collecting area missions.
Mobile Public Transportation Application: Factors Influencing Urban Rail Transit Passengers' Use

This paper thoroughly explored and discussed the factors that affect Mobile Public Transportation Applications usage among urban rail transit passengers. To do so, a model known as the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was chosen to determine the significant factors influencing mobile application usage among passengers in Klang Valley, Malaysia. During its primary data collection, an online survey was deployed to 109 passengers using an online survey platform. According to the modal split analysis, most female students and private-sector employees aged 18-29 years use the Mobile Public Transportation Application with route projection during an emergency, depending on the mobile application facilitating conditions. Moreover, based on the factors analysis' result, facilitating conditions are an essential factor compared to the other constructs. However, the study's findings might be biased towards a certain age and gender group due to its respondent reach. Therefore, an equal number of respondents in various age and gender groups is highly recommended for future research to fully grasp the factors that may affect passengers using the Mobile Public Transportation Application in urban mobility.
Numerical modeling of roll structures in mesoscale vortexes over the Black Sea

This paper is a case study of horizontal atmospheric rolls that formed over the Black Sea on 16 August 2007. The rolls were discovered in WRF modeling results for a mesoscale cyclone that originated over the sea on 15 August 2007. The roll formation mechanisms, such as Rayleigh-Benard convective instability, dynamic instability, advection and stretching of vertical velocity field inhomogeneities, are considered. It is shown that indeed convective instability played an important role in the roll formation but dynamic instability did not occur. In order to distinguish other possible mechanisms of the roll formation numerical experiments were performed. In these experiments sea surface temperature in the initial conditions was decreased in order to prevent convective instability. Even though convective instability was suppressed roll-like structures still appeared in the modeling results, although their height and circulation velocity were smaller than in the control run. It was found that these structures were caused by advection and stretching of vertical velocity field inhomogeneities (i.e. small areas of strong updrafts or downdrafts).
Brexit, What Brexit? Euro Area Portfolio Exposures to the United Kingdom Since the Brexit Referendum

We study euro area investors’ portfolio adjustment since the Brexit referendum in terms of securities issued in the UK or denominated in pound sterling, in the context of heightened policy uncertainty surrounding the exit process of the UK from the EU. Our sector-level analysis “looks-through” holdings of investment fund shares to gauge euro area sectors’ full exposures to debt securities and listed shares. Our key ﬁnding is the absence of a negative “Brexit-eﬀect” for euro area investors, which would have rendered UK-issued and pound-denominated securities generally less attractive. Instead, we observe that euro area investors increased their absolute and relative exposures to UK-issued and pound-denominated debt securities since the Brexit referendum. The analysis also reveals an increase in the euro area’s exposure to listed shares issued by UK non-ﬁnancial corporations, while the exposures to shares issued by UK banks declined. These ﬁndings should be seen against the backdrop of low yields on euro area debt securities and a strong recovery in UK share prices since the Brexit referendum, which appear to have largely outweighed the uncertainties associated with Brexit.
Nonlinear Radiative Flow over a Vertical Cylinder Moving with Nonlinear Velocity

In this work, nonlinear radiative flow over a vertical cylinder moving with a nonlinear velocity is presented. The mathematical model of the problem is formulated to include many parameters such as the thermal radiation parameter, the nonlinearity parameter, the Prandtl number, etc. Mathematica program is built to numerically solve the system of ordinary differential equations together with boundary conditions that is derived from the partial differential equations governing the fluid motion through using suitable similarity transformations. Numerical results obtained for the case of linear cylinder velocity are compared with analytical results obtained for the same case to validate the numerical method used in this work. Profiles of the fluid velocity and fluid temperatures are introduced and discussed to explore different parameters effects.
Waveguide-coupled plasmonic nanogap-integrated phase change metasurfaces

Silicon photonics has emerged as the dominant technology platform for short distance, inter-chip communication for a variety of photonic computing and sensing applications due to its efficiency in modulation and confinement of light across telecom frequencies in addition to its inherent CMOS compatibility. The integration of metallic nanogaps within silicon photonic architectures provides a promising route for scaling this platform through the extreme confinement offered by plasmonics while providing an efficient route to interfacing future photonic integrated circuits with electronics. However, fabricating the gap sizes (< λg/10) required of plasmonic resonating nanogaps for efficient operation across telecommunication frequencies is highly challenging. Efficient coupling from waveguides to plasmonic nanogaps also remains a major source of loss. Here, we show that the key to merging these platforms lies in applying metamaterial/metasurface engineering principles to the design of the nanogap. Over the last decade, metamaterials and metasurfaces have emerged as a versatile toolkit for control and enhancement of light-matter interaction at application-driven wavelengths of interest in nanophotonic device platforms. We show that integrating a metagrating within a waveguide-coupled plasmonic nanogap made from Au, can enhance coupling to and from the silicon waveguides. Furthermore, the incorporation of the metasurface within the gap allows resonant response to be maintained at user-specified wavelength of interest with gaps as large as λg/5, drastically easing fabrication. Finally, we show that by incorporating a reconfigurable phase change chalcogenide alloy into the gap, non-volatile signal switching with modulation contrasts of up to 10:1 can be achieved across telecom frequencies.
How to Measure Black Hole's Mass, Spin and Direction of Spin Axis in Kerr Lens Effect 1: test case with simple source emission near BH

We propose a theoretical principle to measure the mass, spin and direction of spin axis of Kerr black holes (BHs) through observing 2 quantities of the spinning strong gravitational lens effect of BHs. Those observable quantities are generated by 2 light rays emitted at the same time by a source near the BH: the primary and secondary rays that reach a distant observer, respectively, the earliest and secondary temporally. The time delay between detection times and the ratio of observed specific fluxes of those rays are the observable quantities. Rigorously, our proposal is applicable to a single burst-like (short duration) isotropic emission by the source. An extension of our principle to cases of complicated emissions may be constructed by summing up appropriately the result of this paper, which will be treated in future works.
Encoder-Decoder Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Types Detection in Linked Data

With the emergence of use of Linked Data in different application domains, several problems have arisen, such as data incompleteness. Type detection for entities in RDF data is one of the most important tasks in dealing with the incompleteness of Linked Data. In this paper, we propose an approach based on Deep Learning techniques, using an encoder-decoder model with attention mechanism, embedding layer to extract the features of each subject from the RDF triples and the GRU cells to address the problem of vanishing. We use the DBpedia dataset for the training and test phases. Initial test results showed the effectiveness of our model.
Evaluation without Ground Truth: a Comparative Study on Preference Mining Techniques in Twitter Social Network

—In social media research the lack of ground truth for evaluation is a recurrent problem. We study the preference mining task in Twitter network which suffers from this lack of ground truth problem. We implement three different methods from literature, considering a common preference domain of news and carry a comparative study among them. Our preliminary ﬁndings show that is possible to combine methods in order to avoid unfeasible user surveying baselines and enable the evaluation of techniques. In the future, our target is to completely eliminate ground truth sets and evaluate based on correlation and causality techniques.
RF thermal and new cold part design studies on a TTF-III input coupler for Project-X

An RF power coupler is one of the key components in a superconducting (SC) linac. It provides RF power to the SC cavity and interconnects different temperature layers (1.8 K, 4.2 K, 70 K and 300 K). The TTF-III coupler is one of the most promising candidates for the High Energy (HE) linac of Project X, but it cannot meet the average power requirements because of the relatively high temperature rise on the warm inner conductor, so some design modifications will be required. In this paper, we describe our simulation studies on the copper coating thickness on the warm inner conductor with RRR values of 10 and 100. Our purpose is to rebalance the dynamic and static loads, and finally lower the temperature rise along the warm inner conductor. In addition, to get stronger coupling, better power handling and less multipacting probability, one new cold part design was proposed using a 60 mm coaxial line; the corresponding multipacting simulation studies have also been investigated.
Genetic evaluation of somatic cell scores using a random regression test day model for a very large dairy cattle population

A random regression test day model has being routinely used for genetic evaluation of somatic cell scores for Austrian, German, and Luxembourgish Holstein, Jersey and Red dairy cattle breeds since May 2003. The model includes fixed herd-test-date-parity-milking-frequency effects, fixed lactation curves modelled with Wilmink function, and random genetic and permanent environmental effects modelled with Legendre polynomials. A lactation based iteration scheme is implemented for solving the very large equation system with more than 250 million equations. For reliability approximation, the multiple trait effective daughter contribution method is used. The genetic evaluation system was validated with Interbull validation method III by comparing proofs from a complete evaluation with those from an evaluation based on a data set excluding the most recent four years. The genetic trend estimate was in the allowed range and correlations between the two sets of proofs were very high. Additionally, the random regression model was compared to the previous genetic evaluation model, a fixed regression model. The correlations of proofs between both models were, as expected, very high for bulls with complete daughter information. The correlations of bulls decreased with increasing incompleteness of daughter performance information.