Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gear Health Monitoring and RUL Prediction Based on MSB Analysis

Gearbox is a key component in mechanical transmission and faults on gears will lead to breakdowns and unscheduled downtime. Health condition monitoring and remaining useful life (RUL) prediction can provide sufficient leading time for gearbox timely maintenance. To some degree, the RUL prediction accuracy relies on the performance of the diagnostic features on reflecting the degradation of gears during its lifetime. However, most current commonly used features fail to reveal the fault mechanism hidden behind vibration signal and hold poor capability on noise cancellation. In this paper, modulation signal bispectrum (MSB) is proposed to reveal the signal modulation mechanism and monitor the health condition of gears. Then, an improved relevance vector machine (IMRVM) is introduced to realize the process of RUL prediction. Last, a run-to-failure test rig is designed to verify the effectiveness the MSB features for RUL prediction. Results show that MSB possesses better performance on denoising and capturing the weak variation due to modulation in gear system. The optimal MSB features after selection show better performance on reflecting the degradation of the gear and have higher prediction accuracy for gear RUL prediction comparing with RMS, kurtosis and so on. These findings provided more useful and practical information for gear RUL prediction and gearbox maintenance.
PASTRY: A nursing-developed quality improvement initiative to combat moral distress

Background High levels of moral distress in nursing professionals, of which oncology nurses are particularly prone, can negatively impact patient care, job satisfaction, and retention. Aim “Positive Attitudes Striving to Rejuvenate You: PASTRY” was developed at a tertiary cancer center to reduce the burden of moral distress among oncology nurses. Research Design A Quality Improvement (QI) initiative was conducted using a pre- and post-intervention design, to launch PASTRY and measure its impact on moral distress of the nursing unit, using Hamric’s Moral Distress Scale–Revised (MDS-R.) This program consisted of monthly 60-minute sessions allowing nurses to address morally distressing events and themes, such as clinicians giving “false hope” to patients or families. The PASTRY program sessions were led by certified clinicians utilizing strategies of discussion and mind-body practices. Participants Clinical nurses working on an adult leukemia/lymphoma unit. Ethical considerations This was a QI initiative, participation was voluntary, MDS-R responses were collected anonymously, and the institution’s Ethics Committee oversaw PASTRY’s implementation. Findings While improvement in moral distress findings were not statistically significant, the qualitative and quantitative findings demonstrated consistent themes. The PASTRY program received strong support from nurses and institutional leaders, lowered the nursing unit’s moral distress, led to enhanced camaraderie, and improved nurses’ coping skills. Discussion Measurement of moral distress is innately challenging due to its complexity. This study reinforces oncology nurses have measurable moral distress. Interventions should be implemented for a safe and healing environment to explore morally distressing clinical experiences. Poor communication among multidisciplinary team members is associated with moral distress among nurses. Programs like PASTRY may empower nurses to build support networks for change within themselves and institutions. Conclusion This QI initiative shows further research on moral distress reduction should be conducted to verify findings for statistical significance and so that institutional programs, like PASTRY, can be created.
Mycorrhiza-Tree-Herbivore Interactions: Alterations in Poplar Metabolome and Volatilome

Plants are continuously interacting with other organisms to optimize their performance in a changing environment. Mycorrhization is known to affect the plant growth and nutrient status, but it also can lead to adjusted plant defense and alter interactions with other trophic levels. Here, we studied the effect of Laccaria bicolor-mycorrhization on the poplar (Populus x canescens) metabolome and volatilome on trees with and without a poplar leaf beetle (Chrysomela populi) infestation. We analyzed the leaf and root metabolomes employing liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and the leaf volatilome employing headspace sorptive extraction combined with gas-chromatography–mass spectrometry. Mycorrhization caused distinct metabolic adjustments in roots, young/infested leaves and old/not directly infested leaves. Mycorrhization adjusted the lipid composition, the abundance of peptides and, especially upon herbivory, the level of various phenolic compounds. The greatest change in leaf volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions occurred four to eight days following the beetle infestation. Together, these results prove that mycorrhization affects the whole plant metabolome and may influence poplar aboveground interactions. The herbivores and the mycorrhizal fungi interact with each other indirectly through a common host plant, a result that emphasizes the importance of community approach in chemical ecology.
Low Body Mass Index in Females May Portend Inferior Outcomes After Primary Hip Arthroscopy: A Propensity-Matched Analysis With Minimum 2-Year Follow-up

Background: There is a paucity of literature evaluating the effect of low body mass index (BMI) in female patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy. Purpose: (1) To report minimum 2-year patient-reported outcome scores for female patients with low BMI who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and (2) to compare these results with a propensity-matched control group of female patients with normal BMI. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3 Methods: Data were collected on all female patients who had low BMI (<18.5) and underwent primary hip arthroscopy between April 2008 and January 2019. Patients were excluded if they had a previous hip arthroscopy; had workers’ compensation; were unwilling to participate in the study; or had Tönnis osteoarthritis grade >1, acetabular dysplasia, or a previous hip condition. Minimum 2-year patient-reported outcomes were collected for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), visual analog scale for pain, and satisfaction. The percentage of patients achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold (MOIST) was also recorded. These patients were propensity matched in a 1:2 ratio to female patients with normal BMI for comparison. Results: A total of 43 patients (49 hips) were included with a mean ± SD follow-up of 26.9 ± 8.3 months, age of 24.1 ± 12.6 years, and BMI of 17.7 ± 0.67. These patients demonstrated significant improvement from presurgery to minimum 2-year follow-up for the mHHS, Non-Arthritic Hip Score, HOS-SSS, and visual analog scale (P < .05). When outcomes were compared with 93 control patients (97 hips), female patients with low BMI demonstrated lower rates of achieving the PASS for the mHHS (61.2% vs 77.3%; P = .041) and HOS-SSS (39.5% vs 57.1%; P = .031). Rates of achieving the MCID and MOIST were similar between the groups (P > .05). Female patients with low BMI also had higher rates of revision when compared with the control group, but this did not reach statistical significance (14.2% vs 7.2%; P = .171). Conclusion: Female patients with low BMI undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome demonstrated significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes at minimum 2-year follow-up. When compared with a propensity-matched control group with normal BMI, these patients demonstrated lower rates of achieving the PASS for the mHHS and HOS-SSS. Low BMI in females undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS may adversely affect outcomes at short-term follow-up.
Vaned Diffuser Induced Impeller Blade Vibrations in a High-Speed Centrifugal Compressor

Blade failure in turbomachinery is frequently caused by an excessive resonant response. Forced response of the blades typically originates from unsteady fluid structure interactions. This paper presents the experimental and computational results of a research effort focusing on the blade forced response in a high-speed centrifugal compressor caused by the downstream vaned diffuser. The potential field from the downstream vaned diffuser acts as an unsteady impeller relative circumferentially nonuniform disturbance. In this work the effect of varying the radial gap between impeller exit and diffuser vane leading edges was examined. Dynamic strain gauges, which were installed on the blade surfaces, were used to measure the forced response levels of the blades and to estimate the damping properties for different compressor operating conditions and vane-less gap dimensions. Unsteady fluid flow simulations were used to quantify the forcing function acting on the compressor blades due to impeller-diffuser interaction. The time-resolved blade pressure distribution showed the temporal evolution of the dynamic load on the blade surface caused by the diffuser’s potential field. The magnitude of the vibratory stress levels was found to depend on the radial gap size, the blade damping properties and on the compressor operating point. The variation of the radial gap size resulted in a shift of the impeller-diffuser interaction zone towards the main blade leading edge by up to 5% of the stream-wise location.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
APPLICATION OF STEREOVISION METHOD TO DETECT CONCRETE SURFACE CRACK

To meet the evaluation requirement of the crack width on a concrete structure surface,the three-dimensional mathematical model of stereovision measurement method is researched,a 3D coordinate recovering method of crack edge is proposed by projecting a crack edge curve onto a space plane,accordingly the crack width is evaluated by the minimal distance method and the crack image recognition algorithm.The inspection experiments are performed on three concrete beams with the stereovision measurement system integrated in paper,which is destroyed in static test,crack width curves of two inspection zone of each beam are obtained.Compared with the micro-detector,experimental results show that the crack width evaluation algorithm based on stereovision can accurately measure crack width,it is verified that the stereovision method is feasible and useful for detecting concrete surface crack width.
Study elastic properties of the leucine and isoleuicine from first principles calculations

I studied the elastic properties of crystalline L- and DL-forms of leucine and isoleucine within the framework of density functional theory with van der Waals interactions. The energy gaps of the considered crystals are 7.48–7.60 eV. Chiral molecules have the same chemical composition. Therefore, the study of crystalline amino acids provides a better understanding of how the structure of molecules affects mechanical properties of molecular crystals. Complete set of elastic constants for L-leucine, L-isoleucine, DL-leucine and DL-isoleucine were calculated. Linear compressibility of crystals has high anisotropy. The crystalline L- and DL-forms of leucine and isoleucine have different mechanical properties. Linear compressibility has a negative value for DL-isoleucine. My calculations predict that L-leucine and L-isoleucine are ductile compounds, while DL-leucine and DL-isoleucine are brittle compounds.
Revisiting the analysis pipeline for overdispersed Poisson and binomial data

Overdispersion is a common feature in categorical data analysis and several methods have been developed for detecting and handling it in generalized linear models. The first aim of this study is to clarify the relationships among various score statistics for testing overdispersion and to compare their performances. In addition, we investigate a principled way to correct finite sample bias in the score statistic caused by estimating regression parameters with restricted likelihood. The second aim is to reconsider the current practice for handling overdispersed categorical data. Although the conventional models are based on substantially different mechanisms for generating overdispersion, model selection in practice has not been well studied. We perform an intensive numerical study for determining which method is more robust to various overdispersion mechanisms. In addition, we provide some graphical tools for identifying the better model. The last aim is to reconsider the key assumption for deriving the score statistics. We study the meaning of testing overdispersion when this assumption is violated, and we analytically show the conditions for which it is not appropriate to employ the current statistical practices for analyzing overdispersed data.
Representative scales of LASPEX wind data

In this study, an attempt is made to identify the appropriate scales for the wind data over the stations covered in the LASPEX experiment, which can be considered to represent the large-scale wind pattern, representative of the whole area, covered by the field experiment. The divergence field was chosen for this purpose. The mean of the latitudes and longitudes of all the five stations was calculated and this represented the latitude and longitude respectively, of the central point. The wind components at each of the five stations were arbitrarily represented by a trigonometric function of wavelength and distance from the central point, which was considered as the origin. The divergence values at each station were computed and the mean value over all the stations was found. The same values of winds were used to compute the large scale divergence field over the area, by applying the method devised by Yanai et al. (1973). It was seen that for wavelengths greater than 2830 km, the ratio of the two divergences was greater than 0.9, suggesting that this was the limiting value of the wavelength which can be considered as representative of the entire area.
Effect of race, gender identity, and their intersection on career satisfaction: A cross-sectional survey of academic physicians

Abstract Purpose Ensuring a representative workforce is a matter of equity and social justice and has implications for patient care and population health. We examined the relationship of the binary gender identity and race of physicians who felt comfortable to self-identify, with workplace experiences and career satisfaction in academic medicine. Methods The outcome of interest of a cross-sectional survey of full-time clinical faculty members within the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, was physician’s self-reported career satisfaction. Using logistic regression, we examined relationships of binary gender identity (female/male) and race [under-represented minority (URM) versus over-represented in medicine (ORM)] to: workplace experiences (respectful interactions, perception of having to work harder, exclusion from social networks, witnessing/experiencing unprofessionalism, and confidence in taking action to address incivility without reprisal); and career satisfaction, controlling for age, rank, protected time, and workplace experiences. Results Female gender and URM status were associated with younger age, lower rank, and less positive workplace experiences. 132 respondents (44.4%) strongly agreed they had career satisfaction. Compared with ORM men, career satisfaction was significantly lower for URM and ORM female physicians (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14–0.65, and 0.48, 95% CI 0.27–0.85, respectively) and non-significantly lower for URM male physicians (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.32–1.19). Adjustment for academic rank and workplace experiences fully attenuated these relationships. Conclusions URM female academic physicians had lower career satisfaction than their ORM male counterparts, largely explained by systematic differences in workplace experiences, particularly perceptions of exclusion from social networks and having to work harder to be perceived as legitimate scholars. This suggests a role for institutions and leaders to build inclusive, anti-racist, and anti-oppressive cultures to support the flourishing of all faculty.
A numerical study on ship-ship interaction in shallow and restricted waterway

Abstract In the present study, a numerical prediction method on the hydrodynamic interaction force and moment between two ships in shallow and restricted waterway is presented. Especially, the present study proposes a methodology to overcome the limitation of the two dimensional perturbation method which is related to the moored-passing ship interaction. The validation study was performed and compared with the experiment, firstly. Afterward, in order to propose a methodology in terms with the moored-passing ship interaction, further studies were performed for the moored-passing ship case with a Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) calculation which is using OpenFOAM with Arbitrary Coupled Mesh Interface (ACMI) technique and compared with the experiment result. Finally, the present study proposes a guide to apply the two dimensional perturbation method to the moored-passing ship interaction. In addition, it presents a possibility that the RANS calculation with ACMI can applied to the ship-ship interaction without using a overset moving grid technique.
Clinical Manifestations and Long-term Outcomes of Endothelial Keratoplasty in Patients with Proven VZV-related Endothelial Decompensation

ABSTRACT Purpose To report the clinical manifestations, postoperative complications and long-term outcomes of endothelial keratoplasty in VZV-related endothelial decompensation. Methods In this retrospective study, thirteen eyes undergoing endothelial keratoplasty (EK) for VZV-related endothelial decompensation were compared with controls for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy or pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. Results Twelve patients did not have typical dermal pain or blisters. Ten patients had obvious iris abnormalities. Glaucoma was noted in eight patients before surgery. The best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved from 1.12 ± 0.47 to 0.39 ± 0.43 (p = .002), whereas endothelial cell (EC) loss was 65% ±15% at 12 months that higher than that in the controls (p < .05). Postoperative complications included graft detachment (2/13), recurrence of endotheliitis (3/13), neurotrophic ulcer (1/13) and scleritis (1/13). Conclusions The onset of VZV-related endothelial decompensation is generally insidious. Iris segmental atrophy, glaucoma and pigment KPs are highly suspected to be associated with VZV. EK is a reasonable option to rehabilitate vision.
Enhancing Handover for 5G mmWave Mobile Networks Using Jump Markov Linear System and Deep Reinforcement Learning

The Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks use millimeter waves (mmWaves) to offer gigabit data rates. However, unlike microwaves, mmWave links are prone to user and topographic dynamics. They easily get blocked and end up forming irregular cell patterns for 5G. This in turn causes too early, too late, or wrong handoffs (HOs). To mitigate HO challenges, sustain connectivity, and avert unnecessary HO, we propose an HO scheme based on a jump Markov linear system (JMLS) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL). JMLS is widely known to account for abrupt changes in system dynamics. DRL likewise emerges as an artificial intelligence technique for learning highly dimensional and time-varying behaviors. We combine the two techniques to account for time-varying, abrupt, and irregular changes in mmWave link behavior by predicting likely deterioration patterns of target links. The prediction is optimized by meta training techniques that also reduce training sample size. Thus, the JMLS–DRL platform formulates intelligent and versatile HO policies for 5G. When compared to a signal and interference noise ratio (SINR) and DRL-based HO scheme, our HO scheme becomes more reliable in selecting reliable target links. In particular, our proposed scheme is able to reduce wasteful HO to less than 5% within 200 training episodes compared to the DRL-based HO scheme that needs more than 200 training episodes to get to less than 5%. It supports longer dew time between HOs and high sum rates by ably averting unnecessary HOs with almost half the HOs compared to a DRL-based HO scheme.
Parent observations about the impact of COVID-19 on children with autism spectrum disorder in Turkey

Objectives: The Covid-19 pandemic has shown that people with disabilities are the most vulnerable, neglected and discriminated individuals at times of emergency. National and international studies are needed to understand the extent to which the general well-being, quality of life, and positive and negative behaviors of children with ASD are affected during the pandemic. Methods: This study explores the impact of Covid-19 on the typical behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by focusing on quantitative observation findings obtained from their parents and caregivers. In order to explore the effects of three months of pandemic restrictions during the initial period, 103 parents and caregivers were asked to describe significant behavior changes in their children with ASD comparing before and during the pandemic period. Results: The results showed that children were negatively affected in 21 of 32 typical ASD traits. However, a significant number of participants also reported positive changes in several of their children's social and communicative behaviors as shared family time increased during the pandemic. This finding alone was not statistically supported. However, when it was coupled with the variable of access to online education assistance, it was concluded that the two variables together reduced the negative impact on children. Additionally, we found a sex difference in the impact of Covid-19 on children with ASD. The test results and mean scores show that girls were affected either more negatively or more positively than boys. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the negative effects of a natural disaster such as Covid-19 may be decreased when family members cooperatively share their responsibilities, spend more time with their children with ASD, and use distance education support services. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, Covid-19, pandemic, parents, sex difference, social distancing
Numerical simulation on the flow field of swirling flow air curtain aspiration control dust in fully mechanized workface

According to the characteristics of the flow field of swirling flow air curtain aspiration control dust in fully mechanized workface with pane wall of fan drum,k-e and k-e-Θ-kp were used respectively,and mathematical model of single-phase air flow and two-phase flow of air-dust particle were established.The air flow and dust diffusion numerical simulation was performed based on collocated grid SIMPLE algorithms,using of Fluent software.The result shows that the swirl flow air curtain which closed whole road section basically in front driver of roadheader is formed by the system of flow field of swirling flow air curtain aspiration control dust in fully mechanized workface,and dust can be enclosed in range of 0.5 m from tunnelling place to the driver of roadheader front to prevent from diffusing in other regions.According to the simulation results and the practical condition of mining face,full-heading face swirl air curtain aspiration control dust system which are made of fan drum attached wall and drawing dust purification device was designed.After the application of this system in comprehensive mechanized mining faces,dust concentration of each working place are effectively reduced.It achieves good dustfall effect.