Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-Electron Charging Energy and Coulomb Blockade Effect

The electrical charge is quantized in the elementary quantum −e carried by single electrons. In mesoscopic systems at sufficiently low temperature, this discrete elementary charge can give rise to peculiar electrostatic effects. With achieving the ability of making small devices on the scale of less than few hundred nanometers, devices based on single-electron charging effects have been proposed and realized in the last 15 years. After a brief introduction to the concepts of Coulomb blockade and singleelectron charging, some device concepts for applications are presented, but also arrangements for studying basic physics of electrical transport relevant for molecular electronics are discussed. The presented picture for electrical transport through conducting mesoscopic particles (‘island’) by single-electron tunneling breaks down if correlated electron tunneling takes place. Under certain circumstances, correlated electron tunneling leads even to the conductance of a onedimensional channel although Coulomb blockade is expected. For historical reviews, further readings and other approaches to the topic of single-electron devices, the articles [1–8] are recommended. Especially for superconducting devices not treated here, we refer to [9,10], for proposals of using single-electron devices as qubits to [11] (quantum dots as islands), and [12] (superconducting devices). The experimental data presented here have been collected during the last ten years in our institute. For their contributions I would like to thank my coworkers on this topic during that time – Jan Hüls, Matthias Keller, David Quirion, Jörg Schmid, Yayi Wei, Armin Welker, Ulf Wilhelm, and Klaus v. Klitzing. Of course, similar data can be found in literature published by other groups.
The physics of the value chain towards a dynamic theory of strategy

Understanding the evolution of a firm's competitive advantage in a changing environment over time remains one of the most important topics in competitive strategy. We build on a recent stream of research in the arena of the dynamic resource-based view to propose a simple heuristic for strategic corporate foresight powered by Little's Law. Notably, we propose a throughput equality required to align and synchronize resources in the value chain. We borrow the terminology of the supply/demand chain and assembly process representation to propose a fundamental construct for manifold decomposition of the value chain. Our proposed heuristic simplifies the dynamic complexity of the value chain.
The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: RSD measurement from the power spectrum and bispectrum of the DR12 BOSS galaxies

We measure and analyse the bispectrum of the final, Data Release 12, galaxy sample provided by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, splitting by selection algorithm into LOWZ and CMASS galaxies. The LOWZ sample contains 361\,762 galaxies with an effective redshift of $z_{\rm LOWZ}=0.32$, and the CMASS sample 777\,202 galaxies with an effective redshift of $z_{\rm CMASS}=0.57$. Combining the power spectrum, measured relative to the line-of-sight, with the spherically averaged bispectrum, we are able to constrain the product of the growth of structure parameter, $f$, and the amplitude of dark matter density fluctuations, $\sigma_8$, along with the geometric Alcock-Paczynski parameters, the product of the Hubble constant and the comoving sound horizon at the baryon drag epoch, $H(z)r_s(z_d)$, and the angular distance parameter divided by the sound horizon, $D_A(z)/r_s(z_d)$. After combining pre-reconstruction RSD analyses of the power spectrum monopole, quadrupole and bispectrum monopole; with post-reconstruction analysis of the BAO power spectrum monopole and quadrupole, we find $f(z_{\rm LOWZ})\sigma_8(z_{\rm LOWZ})=0.427\pm 0.056$, $D_A(z_{\rm LOWZ})/r_s(z_d)=6.60 \pm 0.13$, $H(z_{\rm LOWZ})r_s(z_d)=(11.55\pm 0.38)10^3\,{\rm kms}^{-1}$ for the LOWZ sample, and $f(z_{\rm CMASS})\sigma_8(z_{\rm CMASS})=0.426\pm 0.029$, $D_A(z_{\rm CMASS})/r_s(z_d)=9.39 \pm 0.10$, $H(z_{\rm CMASS})r_s(z_d)=(14.02\pm 0.22)10^3\,{\rm kms}^{-1}$ for the CMASS sample. We find general agreement with previous BOSS DR11 and DR12 measurements. Combining our dataset with {\it Planck15} we perform a null test of General Relativity (GR) through the $\gamma$-parametrisation finding $\gamma=0.733^{+0.068}_{-0.069}$, which is $\sim2.7\sigma$ away from the GR predictions.
Network analysis as a management tool for inter-organizational projects

Resumo: O progresso social e econômico de uma nação depende do seu desenvolvimento científico, tecnológico e de seus sistemas de inovação. A capacidade de cooperação dos agentes de inovação envolvidos é reconhecida como um elemento essencial de maturidade de um sistema. A consolidação dos mecanismos de ação cooperativa depende da concepção de um sistema onde o modelo de gestão seja inclusivo e aceito por todas as entidades envolvidas. A criação do Arranjo Promotor de Inovação de Nanotecnologia no complexo tecnológico de Florianópolis é um marco do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico nessa área no Brasil. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar como a análise de uma rede composta por agentes com potencial de cooperação pode auxiliar na concepção e estabelecimento de seu modelo de gestão. A pesquisa apresentou informações que permitiram determinar a maturidade organizacional e a resiliência da rede, considerados como principais fatores estratégicos para entendimento das dinâmicas das relações interorganizacionais. Palavras-chave: Redes de cooperação; Análise de redes; Modelo de gestão; Resiliência. Abstract: The social and economic progress of a nation depends on the development of its scientific, technological and innovation systems. The cooperation capacity of the innovation agents involved is recognized as an essential element for the maturity of the system. The consolidation of cooperative action mechanisms depends on the design and implementation of an inclusive management system accepted by the entities. The creation of the Arrangement for Innovation Promotion in the area of nanotechnology in Florianópolis technological complex is a milestone for the scientific and technological development of this area in Brazil. This paper aims to present how the analysis of the network composed by potential participants of this cooperation assisted in the design and establishment of the management model. The research was able to provide information to determine the maturity of the organizations and the network resilience which are main factors for the strategically understand of inter-organizational relationship dynamics.
Hysteretic magnetoresistance and unconventional anomalous Hall effect in the frustrated magnet TmB4

We study TmB4, a frustrated magnet on the Archimedean Shastry-Sutherland lattice, through magnetization and transport experiments. The lack of anisotropy in resistivity shows that TmB4 is an electronically three-dimensional system. The magnetoresistance (MR) is hysteretic at low temperature even though a corresponding hysteresis in magnetization is absent. The Hall resistivity shows unconventional anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and is linear above saturation despite a large MR. In conclusion, we propose that complex structures at magnetic domain walls may be responsible for the hysteretic MR and may also lead to the AHE.
Factors Associated With Accuracy in Prekindergarten Teacher Ratings of Students’ Mathematics Skills

The No Child Left Behind Act requires that 95% of students in all public elementary and secondary schools are assessed in mathematics. Unfortunately, direct assessments of young students can be timely, costly, and challenging to administer. Therefore, policy makers have looked to indirect forms of assessment, such as teachers’ ratings of student skills, as a substitute. However, prekindergarten teachers’ ratings of students’ mathematical knowledge and skills are only correlated with direct assessments at the . 50 level. Little is known about factors that influence accuracy in teacher ratings. In this study, we examine the influence of student and teacher characteristics on prekindergarten teachers’ ratings of students’ mathematical skills, controlling for direct assessment of these skills. Results indicate that students’ race/ethnicity and social competency, as well as teachers’ self-efficacy, are significantly related to prekindergarten teachers’ ratings of students’ mathematical skills.
A Few Questions about Consciousness Suggested By Comparing The Brain and The Computer

A close look at what is common to and what is different between the computer and the brain at a functional level, seems to reveal some areas which need further attention in a scientific, and in a quantum theoretic study of consciousness. A few questions related to phenomenal information, awareness, retrocauslity, observation of one’s own ongoing activity, feeling of self and subjectivity, and free will are presented here. NeuroQuantology | June 2012 | Volume 10 |Issue 2 |Page 286-301
Aerosol and dynamic effects on the formation and evolution of pyro-clouds

Dear Reviewer, We would like to thank you for the valuable and constructive comments/suggestions on our manuscript. We have revised the manuscript accordingly and please find our point-topoint responses below (line numbers refer to the new version of manuscript). In addition, the title of the manuscript is revised to be “Regime dependence of aerosol effects on the formation and evolution of pyro-convective clouds”.
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins Quantitative PCR and Disaccharide Profiling to Characterize the Animal Origin of

http://cat.sagepub. com/content/15/1/50 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/1076029608320831 2009 15: 50 originally published online 19 September 2008 CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOST Céline Houiste, Cécile Auguste, Céline Macrez, Stéphanie Dereux, Angélique Derouet and Pascal Anger Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins Quantitative PCR and Disaccharide Profiling to Characterize the Animal Origin of
LiDAR Data Analysis with Fusion/LDV for Individual Tree Measurement

Objective: In recent years, many analyses have been conducted on the vertical structure of the forest using airborne LiDAR data. For analyze LiDAR data, analysis software is developed in Europe and USA. The forest conditions are quite differences between these country and Japan. In this study, we used Fusion/LiDAR Data Viewer (LDV) software that developed in USA, as a tool to analyze LiDAR data. The purpose of this study is to verify the efficacy of Fusion/LDV in Japanese forest management, in terms of function, accuracy, andtype of output obtained using this software.Methods: The verification parameters used in this study were tree height, crown base height (CBH), and crown width (CW). We used three data sources –automatically extracted Fusion/LDV data, manually measured Fusion/LDV data, and field survey data. In order to compare the obtained data, we used scatter diagram analysis, root-mean-square error (RMSE), and differences from three different types of field survey data.Results: The study findings confirmed relatively high precision of both the automatic and manual measurements by Fusion/LDV in estimating tree height. The inclination of linear regression was over 0.9 in two survey areas. The results of R square were over 0.7. But while neither the measurement of CBH nor that of CW had such precision. The inclination of linear regression was near zero or minus values.Conclusion: For individual tree height measurement, Fusion/LDV was very useful when a tree have a clear peak, it was available enough in Japanese forest environment.
TELECREX RESTUDIED: A SMALL EOCENE GUINEAFOWL

In reviewing a number of the fossil species presently placed in the Rallidae, I have had occasion to examine the unique type-an incomplete femur-of Telecrex grangeri Wetmore (1934), described from the Upper Eocene (Irdin Manha Formation) at Chimney Butte, Shara Murun region, Inner Mongolia. Although Wetmore assigned this fossil to the Rallidae, he felt that the species was distinct enough to be placed in a separate subfamily (Telecrecinae); this he considered to be ancestral to the modern Rallinae. After apparently examining the type, Cracraft (1973b:17) assessed it as "decidedly raillike in the shape of the bone but distinct in the antero-posterior flattening of the head and shaft. " However, he suggested that Wetmore's conclusions about its relationships to the Rallinae would have to be re-evaluated. Actually, Telecrex bears very little resemblance to rails, and the distinctive proximal flattening of the shaft (but not of the head, contra Cracraft) is a feature peculiar to certain of the Galliformes. Further, my comparisons show Telecrex to be closest to the guineafowls (Numididae), a family hitherto known only from Africa and Europe.
A Hybrid Similarity Measures For Integration In Image-Rich Information Networks

An image-rich information network is a social media website with billions of images uploaded by users which are associated with information about owner, consumer, producer, annotations, and comments. In this paper, the problem of information retrieval in an imagerich information network and recommendation in such networks is addressed. We propose a combined approach which measures the similarity based on both link based and Content based. The link similarity depends upon the social network information like tags, groups and human annotation over the images. Content based similarity considers the image content properties color histogram etc., for measuring the similarity. The combined score of these measures is used to integrate the social resources and helps to classify the images in image-rich information networks. Keywordsimage-rich, combined score, similarity,
Developing Evidence-Based Practice: The Role of Case-Based Research.

How can practitioners engage in evidence-based practice when the evidence for effectiveness of psychological treatments comes from randomized controlled trials using patient populations different from those encountered ineveryday settings and treatment manuals that seem oversimplified and inflexible? The authors argue that important evidence about best practice comes from case-based research, which builds knowledge in a clinically useful manner and complements what is achieved by multivariate research methods. A multidimensional model of the research process is provided that includes clinical practice and case-based research as significant contributors. The authors summarize the principles of case-based research and provide examples of recent technical advances. Finally, the authors suggest ways in which practitioners can apply the case-based approach in researching and publishing their own cases, perhaps in collaboration with university-based researchers.
Medical students often experience airway management and vascular access for the first time on an actual patient Educational resources

Background: Medical students electing to spend a month in anaesthesiology during their third or fourth year often experience airway management and vascular access for the first time on an actual patient. An airway management and vascular access simulation course for medical students was developed and implemented at our institution. The purpose of this study was to assess the subjective comfort level after implementing this teaching tool in medical students. Methods: A brief didactic course on airway management and vascular access was provided to medical students on the first day of their anaesthesiology rotation. A survey was presented to the students immediately after a focused 1-hour lecture and prior to a simulation session. The pre-simulation survey was comprised of eight questions asking the medical students to rate their level of comfort with both types of procedures. The lecture was followed by a 1-hour simulation course on manikins. The medical students were asked to complete a post-simulation survey, which was comprised of the same initial eight questions. Results: After participating in the didactic course and manikin simulation, the self-perceived comfort level of medical students with airway management (p < 0.0005), vascular access (p < 0.0005) and interpretation of the vascular pressure waveforms (p < 0.0005) demonstrated significant improvement. Discussion: The results of this study suggest that providing medical students with a brief didactic session on airway and vascular access, including simulation on manikins, prior to the start of their encounter with actual surgical patients, can improve their comfort level in performing both procedures. Medical students often experience airway management and vascular access for the first time on an actual patient Educational resources
Hepatoprotective Potential of Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Enhydra Fluctuans Against CCl 4-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rats

The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective potential of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. (Compositae) against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative damage in rats. The hepatoprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of E. fluctuans (EAEF) was evaluated by assaying the serum biochemical parameters glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and total protein. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) were determined to explain the possible mechanism of the activity. In addition, histopathology of liver tissue was investigated to observe the morphological changes. The elevated levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin were restored significantly towards normal by EAEF. MDA concentration was decreased, while the liver antioxidative enzyme activity was elevated in all EAEF treated rats. All the results were compared with standard drug silymarin. Histological study showed the reduction of fatty degeneration and liver necrosis. The experimental results of this study revealed that the flavonoid rich ethyl acetate fraction has significant hepatoprotective activity. This effect may be due to the ability of EAEF to inhibit the lipid peroxidation and increase in the anti-oxidant enzymatic activity.
Smart City Smart Hospital Smart Home Cloud Server InternetInternet EEG FNIRS MEG Brain Activity IoT Scenarios DL-based Framework

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) acquires brain signals, analyzes and translates them into commands that are relayed to actuation devices for carrying out desired actions. With the widespread connectivity of everyday devices realized by the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), BCI can empower individuals to directly control objects such as smart home appliances or assistive robots, directly via their thoughts. However, realization of this vision is faced with a number of challenges, most importantly being the issue of accurately interpreting the intent of the individual from the raw brain signals that are often of low fidelity and subject to noise. Moreover, pre-processing brain signals and the subsequent feature engineering are both time-consuming and highly reliant on human domain expertise. To address the aforementioned issues, in this paper, we propose a unified deep learning based framework that enables effective human-thing cognitive interactivity in order to bridge individuals and IoT objects. We design a reinforcement learning based Selective Attention Mechanism (SAM) to discover the distinctive features from the input brain signals. In addition, we propose a modified Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to distinguish the inter-dimensional information forwarded from the SAM. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed framework, we conduct extensive real-world experiments and demonstrate that our model outperforms a number of competitive state-of-the-art baselines. Two practical real-time human-thing cognitive interaction applications are presented to validate the feasibility of our approach.
Long Distance Running, Bone Density, Physiological Load Measures by Accelerometry and Joint Space Narrowing of the Knee: A Prospective Study

Objectives: Running is known to exert a positive impact on overall health. Its potential harm or benefit on knee osteoarthritis (OA) has, however, not been thoroughly explored, mainly due to lack of quantifiable metric to link running derived parameters with OArelated biomechanics. This study sought to investigate whether joint space width (JSW), an indicator of OA, is associated with a) acceleration magnitude at the knee level (associated with collision impact) and b) weekly running distance. Design: This was a cross-sectional study using an open-label design. Methods: We included 76 healthy volunteers (from sedentary individuals to trained runners). JSW was measured using standard fixedflexion radiographs. A wearable 3-axial accelerometer was placed on the skin at the tibia plateau level to estimate acceleration magnitude during collision impact. An algorithm was designed to identify the exact instance of collision impact and measure its acceleration magnitude. Metaphysis density was assessed using tomodensitometry at the proximal tibia level (DENSISCAN). A multi-linear model was applied to assess whether running distance, collision acceleration, and metaphysis density were independent JSW predictors. Results: Lower tibia collision acceleration was a predictor of JSW, whereas no association was found between JSW and running distance or metaphysis density. Conclusions: Our results indicate that collision impact at the knee level (estimated by acceleration) may predict increased OA risk, while weekly running distance does not. While this collision impact may be related to running technique, further research is warrant to better understand the mechanism underlying high collision impact and its associated risks.
A Cross-Cultural Comparison between United Kingdom and Malaysian Academics' Satisfaction with Academic Research

In recent years major changes have taken place in universities, both in the west and in developing countries. In the United Kingdom major changes in Government policy have resulted in major cuts in university resources, and subsequently these bring pressure on U.K. academics. In developing countries such as Malaysia, higher education has expanded in recent dacades. Institution of higher learning employ most academic staff who have been educated at post graduate level in the west. This paper examines the attitudes of members of staff from Universities in United Kingdom and those from Malaysian universities towards academic research. The result from the study indicate that whilst both academic staff in United Kingdom and Malaysia have high positive attitudes to involvement in research,and they have similar patterns of response to the research experience, they differ such as in the level of satisfaction with regard to publications and reasons for undertaking research. ABSTRAK Pada tahun-tahun kebelakangan ini banyak perubahan besar telah berlaku di universiti-universiti di Barat dan di negara-negara sedang membangun. Perubahan-perubahan besar dalam dasar kerajaan di United Kingdom telah mengakibatkan potongan besar sumber kewangan universiti dan seterusnya memberi tekanan ke atas ahli-ahli akademik' di negara tersebut. Di negara membangun seperti Malaysia, pendidikan tinggi berkembang di mana ramai ahli kakitangannya mendapat pendidikan peringkat ijazah lanjutan di barat. Kertas ini mencuba meninjau kesan-kesan dari faktor-faktor tersebut ke atas sikap ahli-ahli akademik di kedua-dua negara terhadap penyelidikan. Keputusan yang diperolehi menunjukkan bahawa di samping ahli-ahli akademik dari kedua-dua negara mempunyai sikap positif terhadap penglibatan dalam penyelidikan dan menunjukkan pola tindak balas yang sama kepada pengalaman penyelidikan, di dapati masih terdapat perbezaan-perbezaan utama di antara kedua-dua kumpulan akademik ini seperti tahap kepuasan dengan penerbitan dan alasan membuat penyelidikan.