Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel AR/AR-V7 and Mnk1/2 Degrader, VNPP433-3β: Molecular Mechanisms of Action and Efficacy in AR-Overexpressing Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo Models

Prostate cancer (PCa) relies in part on AR-signaling for disease development and progression. Earlier, we developed drug candidate galeterone, which advanced through phase 2-clinical trials in treating castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Subsequently, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated next-generation galeterone-analogs including VNPP433-3β which is potently efficacious against pre-clinical models of PCa. This study describes the mechanism of action of VNPP433-3β that promotes degradation of full-length AR (fAR) and its splice variant AR-V7 besides depleting MNK1/2 in in vitro and in vivo CRPC models that stably overexpresses fAR. VNPP433-3β directly engages AR within the cell and promotes proteasomal degradation of fAR and its splice variant AR-V7 by enhancing the interaction of AR with E3 ligases MDM2/CHIP but disrupting AR-HSP90 binding. Next, VNPP433-3β decreases phosphorylation of 4EBP1 and abates binding of eIF4E and eIF4G to 5′ cap of mRNA by depleting MNK1/2 with consequent depletion of phosphorylated eIF4E. Finally, RNA-seq demonstrates modulation of multiple pathways that synergistically contribute to PCa inhibition. Therefore, VNPP433-3β exerts its antitumor effect by imposing 1) transcriptional regulation of AR and AR-responsive oncogenes 2) translational regulation by disrupting mRNA-5′cap-dependent translation initiation, 3) reducing AR half-life through enhanced proteasomal degradation in vitro and AR-overexpressing tumor xenografts in vivo.
Motion-Based Object Location on a Smart Image Sensor Using On-Pixel Memory

Object location is a crucial computer vision method often used as a previous stage to object classification. Object-location algorithms require high computational and memory resources, which poses a difficult challenge for portable and low-power devices, even when the algorithm is implemented using dedicated digital hardware. Moving part of the computation to the imager may reduce the memory requirements of the digital post-processor and exploit the parallelism available in the algorithm. This paper presents the architecture of a Smart Imaging Sensor (SIS) that performs object location using pixel-level parallelism. The SIS is based on a custom smart pixel, capable of computing frame differences in the analog domain, and a digital coprocessor that performs morphological operations and connected components to determine the bounding boxes of the detected objects. The smart-pixel array implements on-pixel temporal difference computation using analog memories to detect motion between consecutive frames. Our SIS can operate in two modes: (1) as a conventional image sensor and (2) as a smart sensor which delivers a binary image that highlights the pixels in which movement is detected between consecutive frames and the object bounding boxes. In this paper, we present the design of the smart pixel and evaluate its performance using post-parasitic extraction on a 0.35 µm mixed-signal CMOS process. With a pixel-pitch of 32 µm × 32 µm, we achieved a fill factor of 28%. To evaluate the scalability of the design, we ported the layout to a 0.18 µm process, achieving a fill factor of 74%. On an array of 320×240 smart pixels, the circuit operates at a maximum frame rate of 3846 frames per second. The digital coprocessor was implemented and validated on a Xilinx Artix-7 XC7A35T field-programmable gate array that runs at 125 MHz, locates objects in a video frame in 0.614 µs, and has a power consumption of 58 mW.
Comparison of Bacterial and Fungal Community Structure and Potential Function Analysis of Yak Feces before and after Weaning

Weaning is one of the most stressful periods in yak growth. However, the impact of weaning on microbial diversity, structure, and potential function of yak feces is not clear. In this study, 12 Xinjiang yaks aged 3, 4, 5, and 6 months old were selected to collect fresh feces before and after weaning. Through 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing, the dynamic distribution and potential function of yak fecal, bacterial, and fungal communities in each month were revealed. The study found that the richness of fungi had a significant impact on weaning. At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota, and at the genus level, 5-7N15, Oscillospira, Roseburia, Dorea, Preussia, Neoascochyta, Naganishia, and Sporormiella were enriched in yak feces of different months old. The abundance and proportion of bacteria Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, 5-7N15, and fungi Mucoromyceta changed significantly before and after weaning. With the increase of months, Verrucomicrobia and Akkermansia have shown a downward trend. Through the prediction and analysis of fecal microbial function, it was found that at the level of primary pathways, weaning has a significant impact on cellular processes, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, metabolism, and organismal systems. At the level of secondary metabolic pathways, weaning has a significant impact on cell motility, signal transduction, folding, sorting and degradation, translation, amino acid metabolism, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism. In addition, by analyzing the differences in functional pathways and microbial composition between sample groups of different months, it was found that the differences in functional pathways were related to the abundance differences of some microorganisms. In general, the changes in the composition and structure of yak fecal microflora may reflect the adaptability of the intestinal microbiota.
Can the James Webb Space Telescope detect isolated population III stars

Isolated population III stars are postulated to exist at approximately z=10-30 and may attain masses up to a few hundred solar masses. The James Webb Space telescope (JWST) is the next large space based infrared telescope and is scheduled for launch in 2014. Using a 6.5 meter primary mirror, it will probably be able to detect some of the first galaxies forming in the early Universe. A natural question is whether it will also be able to see any isolated population III stars. Here, we calculate the apparent broadband AB-magnitudes for 300 solar masses population III stars in JWST filters at z=10-20. Our calculations are based on realistic stellar atmospheres and take into account the potential flux contribution from the surrounding HII region. The gravitational magnification boost achieved when pointing JWST through a foreground galaxy cluster is also considered. Using this machinery, we derive the conditions required for JWST to be able to detect population III stars in isolation. We find that a detection of individual population III stars with JWST is unlikely at these redshifts. However, the main problem is not necessarily that these stars are too faint, once gravitational lensing is taken into account, but that their surface number densities are too low.
Efficient numerical schemes for solving the self‐consistent field equations of flexible–semiflexible diblock copolymers

We present two efficient iterative schemes for solving the self‐consistent field equations of flexible–semiflexible diblock copolymers. One is a semi‐implicit scheme developed by employing asymptotic expansion, and the other is a hybrid scheme combining the robustness of the steepest descent method with the efficiency of the conjugate gradient method. In our position‐one‐dimensional and position‐two‐dimensional numerical experiments, we demonstrate that these schemes are much more efficient than the steepest descent method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of the Array Scanning Method in Periodic Structures with Large Periods

Abstract The problem of aperiodic excitation of periodic structures with periods larger than a half-wavelength is revisited. A large number of antennas and other electromagnetic wave propagation problems fall within this category. Because of overlapping branch cuts, the conventional path deformation techniques employed in application of the array scanning method for this type of problem fail when the period is larger than a half-wavelength. A new method based on the subdivision of the integration path and using the double exponential quadrature formula is introduced to alleviate this problem and apply the array scanning method to structures with an arbitrary spatial period. To demonstrate the application of the new method and to validate the results, reflection and transmission coefficients of a frequency selective surface excited by a single electric dipole are calculated. Near fields of the frequency selective surface with aperiodic excitation are obtained and compared with those of a commercial electromagnetic simulator. The proposed method, similar to the path deformation technique, which is applicable to small periods, shows considerable advantage in terms of computational time and memory requirement.
Direct Bandgap Control by Narrowing the Germanium Strip Structure on Silicon for C+L Band Photonic Devices

This study reports the bandgap engineering of a Ge epitaxial layer on Si to tune the operating wavelength of optical intensity modulators and photodetectors in the C (1.530–1.565 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>)+L (1.565–1.625 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) band. A strip structure of elemental Ge is investigated, rather than wider-gap SiGe or narrower-gap GeSn alloy, to achieve the key property of a C band modulation and improved L band detection. By narrowing the strip to the submicron scale, a tensile lattice strain in Ge, induced by a thermal expansion mismatch with Si, is elastically relaxed by an edge-induced relaxation effect. The photoluminescence peak and photodetection spectra show a significant blue shift as the narrowed direct gap of ~0.77 eV is restored to 0.80 eV of unstrained Ge. A standard SiN<sub><italic>x</italic></sub> external stressor on a narrow Ge strip induces an increased blue shift or an opposite red shift, depending on the stress polarity in SiN<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>. The results show that it is possible to tune the operating wavelength of modulators and photodetectors of elemental Ge in the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{C}+\text{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> band.
Method of Industrialization Potential Analysis of Construction Systems

Construction is a production system characterized by inefficiencies associated with its processes. Industrialized construction (IC) is a promising approach as an optimization mechanism based on decreased variability. In this regard, it stimulates the standardization of work, which is an essential lean management principle to improve the production system. However, IC presents an incipient level of adoption and implementation. This paper describes a method for the industrialization potential analysis of construction systems (IPA), allowing design teams to identify construction systems whose standardization, modular coordination, and preassembly have more potential to improve project performance. It was developed through an action-oriented framework based on the action research methodology. Researchers, construction companies, and the cohesive entity of the construction sector (Industrialized Construction Council, ICC) participated.
Parameterized first-guess spectrum method for retrieving directional spectrum of swell-dominated waves and huge waves from SAR images

从 SAR 检索海浪系列的一个方法想象，命名 ParameterizedFirst 猜测光谱方法(PFSM ) ，在理论的解释以后被建议到海浪成像和通常使用的检索模型的缺点的分析。 在这个方法，与另外的信息和卫星参数，分开的波浪数字首先被计算决定线性关系能在以外被使用的最大的波浪数字。 separatingwave 数字能用风速度和参数 ofSAR 卫星的另外的信息被计算。 然后 SAR 光谱能根据分开波浪数字的结果被划分成风波浪并且 swell 的 SAR 光谱。 SAR 光谱的部分由风波浪产生了，被用来寻找海洋风波浪光谱的最合适的参数包括海浪的繁殖方向，分阶段执行统治传播的波浪和角度的速度系数。 swell 光谱被获得由直接到给 SAR 光谱的部分的 SAR 光谱的海浪光谱的线性关系产生了由的 inversing 胀大。 我们使用了建议方法从华南海从 ERS-SAR 数据检索海浪光谱并且把结果与高度表数据作比较。 协议显示 PFSM 是可靠的。
Goos–Hänchen shift of a light beam tunable by graphene in the resonant optical tunneling structure

The structure for implementing resonant optical tunneling effect is a simple layered system of dielectrics that provides full light transmission for resonance condition, despite the presence of barrier layers partially locking light. The presence of a sharp resonant peak both for the intensity and for the spatial shift of the transmitted light beam makes such a structure promising for the creation of sensors and light control devices. This paper focuses on the spatial shift called the Goos–Hänchen shift of such a structure with interfaces of the waveguide layer coated by graphene. The effect of Goos–Hänchen shift near the resonance in this case may be controlled by small changes in the chemical potential or the Fermi energy of graphene, which can be controlled both chemically and by electrical bias. The characteristics of transmitted light beam strongly depend on the beam width for the selected optimal focusing condition.
An example of one-dimensional phase transition

In the paper a one-dimensional model with nearest - neighbor interactions $I_n, n\in \Z$ and spin values $\pm 1$ is considered. We describe a condition on parametres $I_n$ under which the phase transition occurs. In particular, we show that the phase transition occurs if $I_n\geq |n|, n\in \Z. $
Development and Psychometric Properties of a New Patient-Reported Outcome Instrument of Health-Related Quality of Life Specific to Patients with Gambling Disorder: The Gambling Quality of Life Scale (GQoLS)

Background. Impairment or distress caused by gambling disorder can be subjectively assessed via quality of life. The aim of this study was to develop a new patient-reported outcome instrument to explore the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in gambling disorders, the Gambling quality-of-life scale (GQoLS), and to document its psychometric properties. Methods. A previous qualitative study had been conducted using focus groups of problem gamblers to identify areas of HRQoL impacted by gambling. The seven domains identified served as the basis for the hypothetical structure of GQoLS. Draft items were generated from the patient’s speeches to illustrate each of these domains. Cognitive debriefing interviews were realized to obtain a final hypothetical GQoLS. A validation study was then carried out to determine the final version of GQoLS and its psychometric properties (structural validity, construct validity, internal consistency). Results. The final GQoLS was composed of 21 items, with a total mean score of 38.3 (±13.6). Structural validity found a major dimension and four other minor dimensions. The five dimensions were: “emotion”, “lifestyle”, “loneliness”, “taboo” and “preoccupation”. GQoLS was moderately to strongly correlated with PGSI and EQ-5D visual analogic scale. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.92. Conclusion. GQoLS is the first HRQoL instrument specific to patients with a gambling disorder and developed from the patient’s perspective. GQoLS presents good psychometric properties. GQoLS can be used in clinical research to demonstrate the effectiveness of an intervention on outcomes that are relevant from the patient’s perspective.
Estimación de la similitud semántica de tareas entre procesos de negocio de telecomunicaciones

Como una medida para mejorar la competitividad en el mercado de las telecomunicaciones, actualmente las empresas del sector crean nuevos servicios de valor agregado, con el fin de ampliar su portafolio de servicios y garantizar bien sea la permanencia de sus clientes o ampliar el n´umero de suscriptores. Estos nuevos servicios deben estar soportados en los procesos de negocio definidos por el Operador Telecomunicaciones, los cuales est´an compuestos por tareas de operaci´on, gesti´on, mantenimiento y soporte. Habitualmente los Arquitectos Telco reutilizan dichas tareas con el objetivo de optimizar los recursos de la empresa y garantizar la r´apida recuperaci´on de la inversi´on, amortizando en el menor tiempo posible los gastos de creaci´on y despliegue del nuevo servicio. La reutilizaci´on de tareas Telco presenta limitaciones en cuanto a la agilidad en la selecci´on, ya que normalmente existen cientos de tareas y se requiere de la intervenci´on de personal t´ecnico que lleve a cabo las funciones de recuperaci´on, a partir de la interpretaci´on subjetiva del proceso de negocio a implementar. Existen diferentes enfoques que pretenden automatizar la selecci´on de recursos pero generalmente est´an centrados en el emparejamiento sem´antico de los conceptos que describen sus interfaces de acceso (entradas y salidas); sin embargo, se ha demostrado que en la aplicaci´on de estas t´ecnicas es omitida informaci´on relevante contenida en otros atributos, tales como los identificadores. Por esta raz´on, el presente trabajo propone un mecanismo para determinar la similitud sem´antica entre tareas que conforman procesos de negocio de telecomunicaciones. Dicho mecanismo considera dos perspectivas: la inferencia sobre la funcionalidad de las tareas especificada en los identificadores y el an´alisis de cobertura de sus entradas y salidas
Preliminary Characterization of the Epigenetic Modulation in the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Chondrogenic Process

Regenerative medicine represents a growing hot topic in biomedical sciences, aiming at setting out novel therapeutic strategies to repair or regenerate damaged tissues and organs. For this perspective, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) play a key role in tissue regeneration, having the potential to differentiate into many cell types, including chondrocytes. Accordingly, in the last few years, researchers have focused on several in vitro strategies to optimize hMSC differentiation protocols, including those relying on epigenetic manipulations that, in turn, lead to the modulation of gene expression patterns. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the role of the class II histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, MC1568, in the hMSCs-derived chondrogenesis. The hMSCs we used for this work were the hMSCs obtained from the amniotic fluid, given their greater differentiation capacity. Our preliminary data documented that MC1568 drove both the improvement and acceleration of hMSCs chondrogenic differentiation in vitro, since the differentiation process in MC1568-treated cells took place in about seven days, much less than that normally observed, namely 21 days. Collectively, these preliminary data might shed light on the validity of such a new differentiative protocol, in order to better assess the potential role of the epigenetic modulation in the process of the hypertrophic cartilage formation, which represents the starting point for endochondral ossification.
A Complexity-Reducing HEVC Intra-Mode Method Based on VGGNet

High-efficiency video coding (HEVC) has improved the coding performance by 50% compared with the previous H.264 coding standard. However, it has also introduced an extremely high coding complexity. The quad-tree partition used by the coding unit (CU) is one of the key factors leading to the increase in complexity. Therefore, this paper proposes a CU partition method based on a convolutional neural net-work (CNN). Aiming at the complex recursive calculation of CU partition, an improved VGGNet network structure is proposed to replace the brute-force search strategy, which effectively reduces the computa-tional complexity of intra frame coding. Finally, to enhance the effectiveness of the network model in this paper, the feature pyramid network is added to the CNN model to improve the accuracy of feature extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the intra coding time by 59.71% while maintaining the coding performance.
Radio Occultation Measurements with Mars Global Surveyor: Dynamics of the Neutral Atmosphere

Introduction: Radio occultation experiments were conducted routinely with Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) between January 1998 and September 2006, a span of about 4.5 Martian years, yielding more than 21,000 profiles of the neutral atmosphere. These experiments have sampled the atmospheri c structure at essentially all latitudes on Mars at one season or another, as shown in Figure 1, with uniform coverage in longitude. The distribution of the measurements in longitude, latitude, and season is well suited to focused investigatio ns of planetary-scale dynamics, such as transient eddies [1,2 ], thermal tides [3,4], and stationary Rossby waves [5,6]. Each MGS occultation experiment yields a profile of temperatureT and pressurep versus radius that extends from the surface to a pressure of about 10 Pa, corresponding to an alti tude of about 40 km in the tropics [7,8,9]. The uncertainties in T andp vary strongly with pressure, decreasing from about 5% at 10 Pa to about 0.3% at 610 Pa, near the surface. The radius scale inherent in each profile has an uncertainty of a few meters, commensurate with the accuracy of the MGS orbit reconstructions [10]. This allows accurate registrati on of the retrieved profiles within the gravity field of Mars and pro vides a unique measure of geopotential height Z on surfaces of constant pressure. The uncertainty in p limits the accuracy of Z to about 30 m at 610 Pa. These profiles are available from both PDS and a more versatile MGS Radio Science web site (http://nova.stanford.edu/projects/mgs/). This discussion focuses on occultation measurements of geopotential height. The sections that follow describe rec nt results concerning baroclinic eddies [2] and Kelvin waves [ 4]. Baroclinic Eddies: MGS radio occultations provide a valuable record of variations in Z on time scales from diurnal 0 90 180 270 360 −3 −2 −1 0
Twentieth-century Bena iron production in the Njombe district of Tanzania

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on Bena iron production in southern Tanzania to determine the geochemistry of smelted iron ore, verify liquid slag tapping mechanisms, explore the efficiency of iron production and identify the nature of final smelting products. To this end, chemical and mineralogical analytical techniques were used. Analytical results indicate that the Bena smelted titanium-rich iron ores to produce iron. It appears that liquid smelting slag was tapped out of the furnace through mlepulo, a local name for a channel or tunnel dug a few centimetres below the tuyères at a horizontal level. The slag microstructures strongly indicate that smelting tap slag cooled rapidly. This study also shows that the reduction process of Bena iron production was efficient in many respects due to the absence of high iron oxides in the slag microstructures. Based on the smelting slags’ chemistry and mineralogy, this paper argues that the Bena produced iron instead of carbon-rich steel.
The structure of relativistic MHD jets: a solution to the nonlinear Grad-Shafranov equation.

An analytic model for a stationary force-free relativistic magnetized jet is presented. The asymptotic Grad-Schluter-Shafranov equation is solved for a nonlinear current distribution, covering both diffuse and sharp pinches. The jet structure is characterized by a current-carrying core and a current-free envelope. The core radius R c is related to the poloidal jet velocity u p and the light cylinder R L by R c = u p R L . The Poynting flux is concentrated at the core radius. The rest frame magnetic field in the core is essentially parallel to the axis, and toroidal in the envelope. Self-confinement and confinement by external pressure is considered. It is shown how the form and the strength of the current determine the shape and the profile of the jet