Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contributions à l'apprentissage statistique : estimation de densité, agrégation d'experts et forêts aléatoires. (Contributions to statistical learning : density estimation, expert aggregation and random forests)

L’apprentissage statistique fournit un cadre aux problemes de prediction, ou l’on cherche a predire des quantites inconnues a partir d’exemples.La premiere partie de cette these porte sur les methodes de Forets aleatoires, une famille d'algorithmes couramment utilises en pratique, mais dont l'etude theorique s'avere delicate. Notre principale contribution est l'analyse precise d'une variante stylisee, les forets de Mondrian, pour lesquelles nous etablissons des vitesses de convergence non parametriques minimax ainsi qu'un avantage des forets sur les arbres. Nous etudions egalement une variante "en ligne" des forets de Mondrian.La seconde partie est dediee a l'agregation d'experts, ou il s'agit de combiner plusieurs sources de predictions (experts) afin de predire aussi bien que la meilleure d'entre elles. Nous analysons l'algorithme classique d'agregation a poids exponentiels dans le cas stochastique, ou il exhibe une certaine adaptativite a la difficulte du probleme. Nous etudions egalement une variante du probleme avec une classe croissante d'experts.La troisieme partie porte sur des problemes de regression et d'estimation de densite. Notre premiere contribution principale est une analyse minimax detaillee de la prediction lineaire avec design aleatoire, en fonction de la loi des variables predictives; nos bornes superieures reposent sur un controle de la queue inferieure de matrices de covariance empiriques. Notre seconde contribution principale est l'introduction d'une procedure generale pour l'estimation de densite avec perte logarithmique, qui admet des bornes optimales d'exces de risque ne se degradant pas dans le cas mal specifie. Dans le cas de la regression logistique, cette procedure admet une forme simple et atteint des vitesses de convergence rapides inaccessibles aux estimateurs de type plug-in.
The relationship among knowledge-based dynamic process capabilities, innovation processes and innovation performance: an empirical study of knowledge-based high-tech companies in Iran

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of knowledge-based dynamic process capabilities (KBDPCs) on innovation performance, considering the mediator role of innovation processes in the Iranian knowledge-based high-tech companies. Design/methodology/approach Based on an in-depth review of previous studies, the indicators pertaining to the research constructs were extracted. Then, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to identify and confirm the research constructs. Partial least squares-based structural equation modeling was used to investigate the intended relationships. Findings The results of the direct effect showed that KBDPCs have a significant positive effect on innovation performance. Further, moderation analysis demonstrated that innovation processes are moderated by the relationship between KBDPCs and innovation performance. Accordingly, the findings revealed that KBDPCs affect product innovation performance and exploratory innovation and transitional innovation increase this effect. Also, the mediator role of exploitation innovation in the relationship between KBDPCs and process innovation performance was proved. Research limitations/implications As this research was performed in the Iranian context, caution should be taken regarding the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications This paper provides a roadmap based on existing scenarios to enhance innovation performance for the surveyed-companies, in particular, and other companies, in general. Social implications The social implication of this study is to respond to the challenge of the managers of Iranian knowledge-based high-tech companies to improve innovation performance through KBDPCs and innovation processes and to grow and develop a sustainable business. Originality/value Given rare studies that have so far been conducted on the research field, this study extends the theories of KBDPCs, innovation processes and innovation performance. The constructs of the research model and relationships intended among them are also significant.
Effect of cyclic serious/medium hypoxia stress on the survival, growth performance and resistance against Vibrio parahemolyticus of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

The effect of cyclic serious/medium hypoxia stress in the presence of hypoxia environment on shrimp is not well explored. The survival, growth performance, osmoregulation gene expression, digestive enzyme activity, histology, and resistance against Vibrio parahemolyticus of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared under conditions of cyclic serious/medium hypoxia (CSMH, 0.8 - 3.5 mg/L) versus normoxia (N, 6.4 - 7.5 mg/L) were investigated during an experimental period of 28 days. Consequently, the cumulative mortality rate of CSMH shrimp increased continuously. The weight gain percentage and length gain percentage of CSMH shrimp decreased continuously. The Na+/K+-ATPase, cytoplasmic carbonic anydrase (CAc), and glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked carbonic anhydrase (CAg) transcripts in the gill of CSMH shrimp increased first and then returned to normal or decreased. The amylase, lipase, and trypsin activities in the hepatopancreas of CSMH shrimp decreased continuously. The hepatopancreas of CSMH shrimp showed histopathological lesions in a time-dependent manner. In the V. parahaemolyticus immersion challenge test, the mortality rate of CSMH shrimp increased continuously. Therefore, cyclic serious/medium hypoxia could reduce survival and growth performance of L. vannamei during long-term exposure, which was resulted from broken osmoregulation mechanism of the gill, and suppressed digestive enzyme activities of the hepatopancreas caused by growing histopathological lesions. Meanwhile, cyclic serious/medium hypoxia would probably lead to outbreak of infectious diseases in the shrimp farming.
The spatial genetic structure of the White‐banded Tanager (Aves, Passeriformes) in fragmented Neotropical savannas suggests two evolutionarily significant units

Understanding the genetic structure of a species is crucial for evolutionary biology research and species conservation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic structure of Neothraupis fasciata in Brazilian savannas and to assess genetic differentiation of its disjunct population in the Amazonian savannas of the state of Amapá. Population genetic structure was assessed in relation to isolation by distance and landscape variables connected with habitat heterogeneity. The influences of factors, such as habitat fragmentation and core–periphery distribution, on genetic diversity were also examined. Data were derived from a set of microsatellite loci of adult individuals from nine localities: eight distributed across the Cerrado and one in the disjunct Amazonian savanna of Amapá. Analysis revealed moderate genetic diversity and moderate population genetic structure, with at least two genetic clusters, one of which is represented exclusively by the disjunct Amapá population. The genetic structure found is not the result of significant influences by geographical distance, habitat heterogeneity, or the core–periphery effect, nor by intense biome fragmentation due to anthropic action. The disjunct Amapá population exhibited a moderate level of genetic differentiation compared to the Cerrado population, suggesting that both can be considered distinct evolutionarily significant units for conservation purposes.
Observations of Turbulent Heat Fluxes Variability in a Semiarid Coastal Lagoon (Gulf of California)

Despite the critical role latent (LE) and sensible (H) heat play in turbulent processes and heat exchange in the water–air interface, there is a lack of studies of turbulent fluxes over the surface in semiarid regions. We collected continuous measurements of net radiation (Rn), LE, H, and micrometeorological data at a coastal lagoon in the Gulf of California during 2019 with an eddy covariance (EC) system. We analyzed the time series, considering the North American Monsoon System, the pre-monsoon, and post-monsoon season. Results show that Rn (276 ± 118 W m−2) and turbulent fluxes were higher during the monsoon season (July–September) LE (129 ± 18 W m−2), and H (29 ± 9 W m−2). The monthly average of Rn, LE, and H was highest in June (493.9 W m−2), August (142 W m−2), and May (50 W m−2), respectively. Furthermore, during the monsoon season, the (H + LE)/Rn ratio (0.74) suggests that more than half of the Rn reaching the coastal lagoon is used for the turbulent exchange of LE and H. During the pre-monsoon, LE (r2 = 0.36) increases with a higher vapor pressure deficit (VPD), while H (r2 = 0.66) increases with a higher friction velocity (u*) during the monsoon season. Quantitative observations are essential for further research.
EDUKASI MEMBANGUN KESADARAN TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA COVID 19 SEBAGAI BUDAYA GOTONGROYONG WARGA PERUMAHAN KETILENG INDAH SENDANG MULYO - SEMARANG

Abstrak Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini focus pada edukasi membangun kesadaran tanggap darurat bencana Covid 19 sebagai budaya gotongroyong. Tujuannya adalah untuk memberdayakan potensi masyarakat sekaligus menggugah kesadaran tanggap darurat terhadap warga terdampak sosial distancing. Komposisi strata warga Perum Ketileng Indah sangat beragam dari segi sosial ekonomisnya. Meskipun secara mayoritas terdiri dari kelompok menengah ke atas, namun masih terdapat kelompok masyarakat yang tergolong level ekonomi rendah. Mereka merasa sangat terdampak dengan adanya pandemic Covid 19. Dampak yang terjadi adalah timbulnya kelompok masyarakat potensi miskin baru akibat terkena pemutusan hubungan kerja. Namun di sisi lain terdapat kelompok warga yang mampu secara ekonomis. Bagaimana membangun kesadaran tanggap darurat bagi mereka yang mampu untuk membantu sesama warganya yang kurang mampu. Pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan metode persuasi dan edukasi keteladanan. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan adanya fenomena sosial budaya baru, yaitu gerakan budaya gotongroyong. Untuk menjaga keberlanjutan gerakan budaya gotongroyong ini dibentuk Tim Kecil Tanggap Bencana, bertugas melakukan monitoring, evaluasi dan tanggap cepat. Kata kunci : kesadaran tanggap bencana, Covid 19, budaya gotongroyong Abstract This community service focuses on education to build awareness of the Covid 19 disaster response as a culture of mutual cooperation. The aim is to empower the potential of the community while at the same time arouse awareness of emergency response to socially affected residents who are provoked. The composition of strata of Perum Ketileng Indah residents is very diverse in terms of their socioeconomic Although the majority consists of middle and upper groups, there are still groups of people belonging to the low economic level. They feel strongly affected by the existence of the Covid pandemic 19. The impact that occurs is the emergence of a new group of potential poor people due to termination of employment. But on the other hand there are groups of people who are economically capable. How to build awareness of emergency response for those who are able to help fellow citizens who are less able. This community service uses the method of persuasion and exemplary education. The results of community service shows that there is a new socio-cultural phenomenon, namely the gotongroyong cultural movement. To maintain the sustainability of the cultural movement, the Small Disaster Response Team was formed, tasked with monitoring, evaluating and responding quickly. Keywords: disaster response awareness, Covid 19, gotongroyong culture
CHARMM: A program for macromolecular energy, minimization, and dynamics calculations

CHARMM (Chemistry at HARvard Macromolecular Mechanics) is a highly flexible computer program which uses empirical energy functions to model macromolecular systems. The program can read or model build structures, energy minimize them by first‐ or second‐derivative techniques, perform a normal mode or molecular dynamics simulation, and analyze the structural, equilibrium, and dynamic properties determined in these calculations. The operations that CHARMM can perform are described, and some implementation details are given. A set of parameters for the empirical energy function and a sample run are included.
Reduced Progression of Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice Following Consumption of Red Wine, or Its Polyphenols Quercetin or Catechin, Is Associated With Reduced Susceptibility of LDL to Oxidation and Aggregation

Abstract The effect of consuming red wine, or its major polyphenol constituents catechin or quercetin, on the development of atherosclerotic lesions, in relation to the susceptibility of plasma LDL to oxidation and to aggregation, was studied in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E deficient (E°) mice. Forty E° mice at the age of 4 weeks were divided into four groups, 10 mice in each group, and were supplemented for up to 6 weeks in their drinking water with placebo (1.1% alcohol); catechin or quercetin (50 μg/d per mouse), or red wine (0.5 mL/d per mouse). Consumption of catechin, quercetin, or red wine had no effect on plasma LDL or HDL cholesterol levels. The atherosclerotic lesion area was smaller in the treated mice by 39%, 46%, and 48%, respectively, in comparison with E° mice that were treated with placebo. In accordance with these findings, cellular uptake of LDL derived after catechin, quercetin, or red wine consumption was found to be reduced by 31%, 40%, and 52%, respectively. These results were as.
Young People’s Attitude Toward Positive Psychology Interventions: Thematic Analysis

Background Digital instantiations of positive psychology intervention (PPI) principles have been proposed to combat the current global youth mental health crisis; however, young people are largely not engaging with available resources. Objective The aim of this study is to explore young people’s attitudes toward various PPI principles to find ways of making digital instantiations of them more engaging. Methods We conducted an explorative workshop with 30 young people (aged 16-21 years). They rated and reviewed 29 common PPIs. Ratings and recorded discussions were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Some interventions were conflicting with young people’s values or perceived as too difficult. Participants responded positively to interventions that fit them personally and allowed them to use their strengths. Conclusions Values, context, strengths, and other personal factors are entangled with young people’s attitudes toward digital instantiations of PPI principles.
Performance of the Maxim and Sedia Limiting Antigen Avidity assays for population-level HIV incidence surveillance

Background Two manufacturers, Maxim Biomedical and Sedia Biosciences Corporation, supply US CDC-approved versions of the HIV-1 Limiting Antigen Avidity EIA (LAg assay) for detecting ‘recent’ HIV infection in cross-sectional incidence estimation. This study assesses and compares the performance of the Maxim and Sedia LAg assays for incidence surveillance. Methods We ran both assays on a panel of 2,500 well-characterized HIV-1-infected specimens, most with estimated dates of (detectable) infection. We analysed concordance of assay results, assessed reproducibility using repeat testing and estimated the critical performance characteristics of a test for recent infection—mean duration of recent infection (MDRI) and false-recent rate (FRR)—for a range of normalized optical density (ODn) recency discrimination thresholds, alone and in combination with viral load thresholds. We further defined three hypothetical surveillance scenarios and evaluated overall performance for incidence surveillance, defined as the precision of incidence estimates, by estimating context-specific performance characteristics. Results The Maxim assay produced lower ODn values than the Sedia assay on average, largely as a result of higher calibrator readings (mean calibrator OD of 0.749 vs. 0.643). Correlation of non-normalized OD readings was greater (R2 = 0.938) than those of ODn readings (R2 = 0.908), and the slope was closer to unity (1.054 vs. 0.899). Reproducibility of repeat testing of three blinded control specimens (25 replicates each) was slightly better for the Maxim assay (CV 8.9% to 14.8% vs. 13.2% to 15.0%). The MDRI of a Maxim-based algorithm at the ‘standard’ recency discrimination threshold in combination with viral load (ODn ≤1.5 & VL >1,000) was 201 days (95% CI: 180,223) and for Sedia was 171 days (95% CI: 152,191). Commensurately, the Maxim algorithm had a higher FRR in treatment-naive subjects (1.7% vs. 1.1%). We observed statistically significant differences in MDRI using the ODn alone (≤1.5) and in combination with viral load (>1,000). Under three fully-specified hypothetical surveillance scenarios (comparable to South Africa, Kenya and a concentrated epidemic), recent infection testing algorithms based on the two assays produced similar precision of incidence estimates. Conclusions Differences in ODn measurements between the Maxim and Sedia LAg assays on the same specimens largely resulted from differences in the reactivity of calibrators supplied by the manufacturers. Performance for surveillance purposes was extremely similar, although different ODn thresholds were optimal and different values of MDRI and FRR were appropriate for use in survey planning and incidence estimation.
Analytical evidence for deep ocean warming trend in tropical Indian Ocean

The present climate change has a warming impact on the Earth’s climate system, hence called as global warming. Study about oceans is relevant to the current scenario of changing climate and many studies show significant warming trends in the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the ocean during the past several decades. Extensive warming is found in deeper layers of oceans too. In this study, the monthly mean deep ocean temperature data which was spatially averaged over the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) during the period 1950 to 2012 was subjected to a statistical EMD analysis to estimate the impact of warming to deeper IO. The temperature signal is decomposed into components called as Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) along with a residual part. The IMFs represent the temperature fluctuations resulting from inter-annual oscillations such as ENSO (El-Nino Southern Oscillation) and the residual part can be considered as the long-term trend. The IMFs obtained at each depth showed variabilities in QBO, ENSO and tidal frequencies. Residual part of the signal too had significant magnitudes, indicating the impact of global warming signals at deeper oceans.
The Staphylococcus aureus Ser/Thr kinase Stk1 specifically phosphorylates GraR, a transcription factor involved in global signal transduction

Staphylococcus aureus coordinates gene expression at appropriate times throughout its life cycle. The work herein demonstrates S. aureus serine-threonine kinase (Stkl) can phosphorylate the response regulator GraR in vitro. Phosphorylation was confirmed by mass spectrometry and specifically occurs at the DNA-binding domain at three threonine positions: Thrl28, 130 and 149. Stkl could not phosphorylate BceR, a GraR homolog with 56% sequence similarity. We have also discovered, through in vivo work, novel phenotypes of an S. aureus ~graR knockout. It is shown that GraR plays a role in proper cell growth, division and wall teichoic acid maintenance. ~graR mutant complemented with ectopically expressed GraR-WT reverts phenotypes to normal, whereas GraR-D51N does not. Collectively our data suggest a novel, more global, regulatory role for the GraSR system. Understanding signaling and post-translational modification networks and their downstream effects is essential in order to rationally develop new strategies to treat S. aureus infections.
The application of new distribution in determining extreme hydrologic events such as floods

Abstract. In hydrology, statistics of extremes play an important role in the use of time series analysis as well as in planning, design and operation of hydrotechnical structures and water systems. In particular, probability distributions are used to estimate and forecast floods. However, in order to use distributions, the data must be random, with a change-point and should not have a trend. Unfortunately, the data being analyzed are not independent, which is very often due to the anthropogenic impact, among other factors. In situations where various processes generate rainfall and floods in river basins, the use of mixed distributions is recommended. However, an accurate estimation of multiple parameters derived from a mixture of distributions can be difficult, which is the biggest disadvantage of this approach. Therefore, as an alternative, we propose a new extension of the GEV distribution – the Dual Gamma Generalized Extreme Value Distribution (GGEV) developed by Nascimento, Bourguignony and Leão (2016). We compared this distribution with selected 3-parameter distributions: Pearson type III, Log-Normal, Weibull and Generalized Extreme Value. In addition, various methods of estimating 3-parameter distributions were used. As a case study, rivers from Poland and the Czech Republic were investigated, because this has a significant impact on water management in the Upper Oder basin due to the strategic water reservoirs and other hydrotechnical constructions, either existing or planned. Currently, there are no clearly indicated distributions for the Upper Oder basin. Therefore, our aim was to approximate them. Two methods were used, namely the Annual Maximum (AM) and the Peaks Over Threshold (POT). In the latter case, two methods for determining the threshold were used, namely: the Mean of the Annual Maximum River Flows (MAMRF) and the Hill plot. Hence, the basic 3-parameter Weibull distribution, with parameters estimated using the modified method of moments and the maximum likelihood estimation, yielded a better fit to the observation series in the AM and POT methods. For the AM and POT (MAMRF, Hill plot) methods, the GGEV turned out to be the best-fitted distribution according to the Mean Absolute Relative Error (MARE). The GGEV distribution can be used as an alternative to mixed distributions in various samples, both homogeneous and heterogeneous. This distribution turned out to be the best fit especially for the sample whose independence is affected by the presence of a GGEV water reservoir.