Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Communications of the Association for Information Systems Communications of the Association for Information Systems

: High-profile cybersecurity incidents, such as the 2019 Capital One data breach and the 2017 Equifax breach, have engendered doubts about firms’ trustworthiness and resulted cybersecurity becoming a critical risk factor firms must address. Breaches can precipitate extreme consequences for affected firms’ managers, shareholders, and customers. Unsurprisingly, data breaches represent IT leaders’ biggest concern. In this paper, we report on a qualitative field study in which we interviewed C-level executives and IT consultants to investigate cybersecurity concerns and factors that influence adoption decisions for cybersecurity. We found that the traditional technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework does not fully capture the range of issues in the cybersecurity context. Thus, we propose a new extended TOE framework that pertains specifically to cybersecurity-adoption decisions. This extended framework includes new dimensions, cyber catalysts, practice standards, and new factors under the traditional technology, organization, and environment dimensions.
Towards the integration of additively manufactured photopolymer dies in the polymer profile extrusion process chain

In today’s business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analysis methods are needed. Indeed, most of the known methods aim to analyze a product or one product family on the physical level. Different product families, however, may differ largely in terms of the number and nature of components. This fact impedes an efficient comparison and choice of appropriate product family combinations for the production system. A new methodology is proposed to analyze existing products in view of their functional and physical architecture. The aim is to cluster these products in new assembly oriented product families for the optimization of existing assembly lines and the creation of future reconfigurable assembly systems. Based on Datum Flow Chain, the physical structure of the products is analyzed. Functional subassemblies are identified, and a functional analysis is performed. Moreover, a hybrid functional and physical architecture graph (HyFPAG) is the output which depicts the similarity between product families by providing design support to both, production system planners and product designers. An illustrative example of a nail-clipper is used to explain the proposed methodology. An industrial case study on two product families of steering columns of thyssenkrupp Presta France is then carried out to give a first industrial evaluation of the proposed approach. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 28th CIRP Design Conference 2018.
The Effect of Stochastic Volatility in Predicting Highway Breakdowns

In this paper the authors pursue the effect of volatility on the probability of highway breakdown. Because daily aggregated flow values exhibit dissimilar levels of variability throughout the day, a stochastic volatility (SV) model was pursued. Under this format, assuming traffic flow volatility follows an autoregressive process of order one, volatility was estimated at each 15-minute time step per day during the collection period of 205 days. A computational Bayesian format was used to fit parameters of 205 SV models to data collected from one bottleneck site along Interstate 93 in Salem, NH. Fitted results show that volatility estimates successfully capture flow variability observed from the traffic data. To evaluate the effect of SV on breakdown, a sampling scheme was created in which sampled demands and capacities were compared. To estimate demand, a signal was first extracted from the flow aggregates using a Functional Data Analysis (FDA) model and then combined with a sampled SV estimate. For stochastic capacity, daily flow maxima were used as either censored or uncensored estimates of capacity based on breakdown occurrence. By extreme value theory, these capacity values are distributed as a Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. From a GEV model fitted to this data, capacity estimates are sampled and compared to SV-based demand to produce breakdown probabilities by time of day. Finally, the breakdown probabilities are compared to those estimated by the sample data only to illustrate the effect of SV on breakdown.
Melanotic and Amelanotic Melanomas in Xiphophorin

SUMMARY Histological, electron microscopic, and biochemical studies on heritable melanotic and albino melanomas of platyfish-swordtail hybrids have been carried out. The very rapidly growing albino melanomas have been found to consist of less differentiated melanocytes than the more slowly growing melanotic melanomas. There seems to be a correlation between the degree of cytoplasmic differentiation of the melanoma cells and the rate ofmelanoma growth. Nucleic acid determination revealed that the albino melanomas possess a higher DNA content per unit fresh weight than the melanotic ones. Because of the lower degree of differentiation, the numerous autophagic vacuoles, and the higher DNA content, the albino melanomas seem express higher degree of malignancy than the melanotic ones. individual premelanosomes as well as autophagic melanosome-degrading vacuoles (â€œcompound melanosomesâ€(cid:157)) in the small melanotic melanocytes and the albino melanocytes. Melanin-synthesizing cells that contain compound melanosomes are characteristic of extremely malignant melanomas of various mammalian objects (8, 16, 20, 23).
This is a repository copy of Water-soluble vitamins for controlling starch digestion: Conformational scrambling and inhibition mechanism of human pancreatic α-amylase by ascorbic acid and folic acid

eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can’t change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/
Extrusion 3D Bioprinting of nanocellulose based bioinks

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a growing field with an increasing number of possible applications. Beside big goals such as printing whole organs it can also be used to automize and simplify cell culture processing. In this thesis a printing protocol for commercially available nanocellulose based bioinks is established. The cytocompatibility of the used bioinks is tested using adipose derived stem cells (ASCs). The used nanofibrillar cellulose (NFC) bioinks, GrowDex, GrowDex-T, GrowInk-T and Laminink+ are first tested on their printability and correct dilutions. The behavior of cells inside the bioinks was observed over 14 days to assess the cytocompatibility of the tested bioinks. The main parameter to be tested is the concentration of the bioinks, as it affects the printability of the ink and the viability of the cells inversely. Therefore, the right mixing ratio of bioink and cell suspension is needed for the bioink to still be printable in a stable structure, with favorable conditions for proliferation and migration of cells. As GrowDex and GrowInk-T did not fulfill both of these requirements they were eliminated from further testing. GrowDex-T and Laminink+ were selected as the inks with best properties. As a final preparation step the effects of manual deposition and extrusion bioprinting on the cells are observed. Droplets of the same size are manually deposited and bioprinted. After observing that there is no significant difference in cell survival and cell proliferation, between manual deposition and extrusion bioprinting, the final cell migration experiment is conducted. Stripes of cell-free bioink and cell-containing bioink are printed next to each other and the behavior of cells is observed over two weeks. Overall, the cells grow outside of the printed structure and do not invade the unseeded stripes of bioink. In GrowDex-T, with a concentration of 0.8%, cells show better proliferation and change their morphology from a round to a spindle shape. Cells in Laminink+, mixed in a ratio of 2:1 with cell suspension, do not change significantly but also do not die. These experiments show that cells can be cultured in NFC hydrogels for bioprinting. From the tested bioinks GrowDex-T is the best candidate as it has the best printing properties, while providing stable structures for long-term culturing of ASCs.
EFFECT OF WATER STRESS AND PLANT DEFENSE STIMULATION ON 1 MONOTERPENE EMISSION FROM A HISTORICAL AND A NEW PINE HOST OF 2 THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE 3

- The mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae, MPB) has killed millions of 42 lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta ) trees in Western Canada and recent range expansion has resulted 43 in attack of jack pine ( Pinus banksiana ) in Alberta. Establishment of MPB in the Boreal forest 44 will require use of jack pine under a suite of different environmental conditions than it typically 45 encounters in its native range. Lodgepole and jack pine seedlings were grown under controlled 46 environment conditions and subjected to either water deficit or well watered conditions and 47 inoculated with Grosmannia clavigera , a MPB fungal associate. Soil water content, 48 photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were 49 monitored over the duration of the six-week study. Monoterpene content of bark and needle 50 tissue was measured at the end of the experiment. β-Phellandrene, the major monoterpene in 51 lodgepole pine, was almost completely lacking in the volatile emission profile of jack pine. The 52 major compound in jack pine was α-pinene. The emission of both compounds was positively 53 correlated with stomatal conductance. 3-Carene was emitted at a high concentration from jack 54 pine seedlings which is in contrast to monoterpene profiles of jack pine from more southern and 55 eastern parts of its range. Fungal inoculation caused a significant increase in total monoterpene 56 emission in water deficit lodgepole pine seedlings right after its application. By four weeks into 57 the experiment, water deficit seedlings of both species released significantly lower levels of total 58 monoterpenes than well-watered seedlings. Needle tissue contained lower total monoterpene 59 content than bark. Generally, monoterpene tissue content increased over time independent from 60 any treatment. The results suggest that monoterpenes that play a role in pine-MPB interactions 61 differ between lodgepole and jack pine, and also that they are affected by water availability. This study enabled us to compare VOC emission and monoterpene content between and jack pine exposed to various environmental and biological treatments under and easy to manipulate conditions. The results from these studies suggest that pine jack also
Genomic Imprinting and Igf2 Influence Liver Tumorigenesis and Loss of Heterozygosity in SV40 T Antigen Transgenic Mice1

Maternal-specific loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and allelic imbalances [i.e., partial I.oil (pLOH)] observed in SV40 T/t antigen-induced liver tumors suggests that an imprinted gene on chromosome 7 is involved in liver tumorigenesis. Maternal-specific I.OH/pLOH may reflect the loss of a maternally expressed tumor suppressor gene or the acquisition of pa ternally active alÃ elesof a growth promoter. In addition, two oppositely imprinted genes on distal chromosome 7, Igf2 and ///'>. are re-expressed in most liver tumors from an SV40 T/t antigen transgenic line (M11T-G). IK.I'- Â¡sa paternally expressed growth promoter, and HI 9 isa maternally expressed gene that can suppress growth in some tumor cell lines. We studied the role of Igf2 during liver tumorigenesis by creating Igf2 (+/â€”) M11T-G mice. These mice are essentially null for Igf2 expression because imprinting normally precludes maternal IK! - expression. M11T-G, Igf2 (+/â€”) males exhibit a 15-fold reduction in the frequency of large tumors. Igf2 (+/-) tumors do not express maternal Igf2, indicating rigid im printing control in the liver. LOH/pLOH analysis was performed on the tumors and indicates that acquisition of paternally active IK! - alÃ elesis a major selective event for M11T-G liver tumorigenesis. This also implies the existence of an imprinted, maternally expressed tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 7 that is unlikely to be IIIV.
Ang iotensin O II Activates Endothelial Constitut xide Synthase via AT1 Receptors

pendently (10-9-106 M) increased nitrate/nitrite (NOx) production. This effect of ANG II was abolished by a NOS inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine. An ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist (DuP 753), but not an ANG II type 2 (AT2) receptor antagonist (PD 123177), dose-dependently inhibited ANG II-induced NOx production. A Cat+-channel blocker (barnidipine) failed to affect ANG II-induced NOx production, whereas an intracellular Ca2+ chelator (BAPTA) and a calmodulin inhibitor (W-7) abolished NOx production induced by ANG II. A protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (H-7) and down-regulation of endogenous PKC after pretreatment with phorbol ester decreased NOx production stimulated by ANG II. ANG II transiently stimulated inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) formation, and increased cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations; these effects were blocked by DuP 753. Our data demonstrate that ANG II stimulates NO release by activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent cNOS via AT1 receptors in bovine ECs. (Hypertens Res 1996; 19: 201-206)
Cell-penetrating Peptides A REEVALUATION OF THE MECHANISM OF CELLULAR UPTAKE*

Cellular uptake of a family of cationic cell-penetrating peptides (examples include Tat peptides and penetra-tin) have been ascribed in the literature to a mechanism that does not involve endocytosis. In this work we reevaluate the mechanisms of cellular uptake of Tat 48–60 and (Arg) 9 . We demonstrate here that cell fixation, even in mild conditions, leads to the artifactual uptake of these peptides. Moreover, we show that flow cytometry analysis cannot be used validly to evaluate cellular uptake unless a step of trypsin digestion of the cell mem-brane-adsorbed peptide is included in the protocol. Fluorescence microscopy on live unfixed cells shows characteristic endosomal distribution of peptides. Flow cytometry analysis indicates that the kinetics of uptake are similar to the kinetics of endocytosis. Peptide uptake is inhibited by incubation at low temperature and cellular ATP pool depletion. Similar data were obtained for Tat-conjugated peptide nucleic acids. These data are consistent with the involvement of endocytosis in the cellular internalization of cell-penetrating peptides and their conjugates to peptide nucleic acids.
Mining Association Rules With Negative TermsUsing Candidate Pruning

In this paper, we discuss an association rule with negative terms that contains negative and affirmative conditions intermingled, such as “80% of customers who buy A and B but do not buy X ,a lso buyC and D”. An association rule with negative terms can provide higher confidence rules, that is, we can attain more valuable information. To find them, itemsets containing negative conditions must be checked. We proposed two candidate pruning methods, upper bound pruning and database partition pruning, which are suitable for handling these itemsets. Upper bound pruning detects itemsets that cannot generate rules satisfying userspecified minimum thresholds. Database partition pruning detects itemsets that do not appear in database. Through performance evaluations, we show that the proposed methods not only reduce candidate itemsets but also avoid finding useless frequent itemsets for rule derivation. Moreover, we show an example of rules obtained by applying the proposed methods to a real dataset that is the hospitalization data of the cardiovascular medicine of the University of Tokyo hospital.
Dynamic Behaviour of the Water–Food–Energy Nexus: Focus on Crop Production and Consumption

Water, energy, and food are interrelated and critical resources for human well‐being and environmental goals. Single‐sector national strategies that focus on individual sectors of the nexus without considering their interconnections may lead to acute unanticipated consequences. In the present study, the system dynamic model platform was used to create a new approach to analysis of dynamic behaviour, focusing on joint water–energy–food interactions stemming from crop production and consumption at the national level under different scenarios and alternatives. The developed system determines: (i) water and energy footprints of crop production and consumption; (ii) virtual water and energy import and export; (iii) the national water and energy saving balance due to trade of agricultural commodities; and (iv) a water–food–energy nexus index. A case study from Egypt was used to test the system and illustrate some of its significance. The research illustrates the importance of considering the water–food–energy nexus when developing national strategies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stability of Biochemical Components in Blood Samples Transported by Tempus600/Sysmex GLP Robot Reception System.

BACKGROUND The Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Denmark, and TIMEDICO invented and developed the Tempus600®, a pneumatic tube system (PTS). This system is only 2.5 cm in diameter and sends blood tubes directly, without packing before transport. Request forms need not be enclosed, since samples are labeled with patient and barcode ID. At the end of the pipes, a robot receives and places the tubes onto a GLP transport system after the principle of "first in, first out" (FIFO), whereafter the tubes are delivered to centrifuges and analytical equipment. The whole system has decreased the total turnaround time (ToTAT) from 2 to 3 h to <60 min. The aim of the study was to validate the Tempus600/GLP robot system for the 89 most frequent or critical components. METHODS Two sets of blood samples were drawn from 100 patients. One set was sent by the Tempus600/GLP robot system, and the other was couriered directly to the laboratory for analysis. Results were compared using difference plots. RESULTS The results for 85 of the components did not deviate from the optimized fast courier reference transport more than could be expected by the analytical variation. O2 saturation, oxyhemoglobin, and partial pressure of oxygen (Po2) deviated considerably from a clinical point of view. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2) results were clinically acceptable for assessing patients with obstructive lung disease for hypercapnia. CONCLUSIONS The Tempus600/GLP robot system can be used for transport of the majority of routinely used analytical tests.
MASCOT thermal design: how to deal with late and critical changes

MASCOT is a lander built by DLR, embarqued on JAXA’s Hayabusa-2, a scientific mission to study the asteroid 162173 1999 JU3, launched on the 3rd of December 2014. As part of the project challenges, the short schedule for the whole development of the lander (2.5 years from PDR to launch), the strict and contrasting thermal requirements for different phases of the mission, mass&power/technology/volume limitations put the thermal design at the edge of the state of art technology solutions. As a result, the thermal system development has been on-going until the last phases of the project, on order to cope with late changes and technologies development. This presentation focusses on the thermal control system evolution during the last months before launch and just after it and the tight schedule available to cope with late system changes. It shows the design modifications and updates, together with thermal modelling changes following intensive testing phases, in particular for the lander battery pack and the heating/pre-heating strategy for different mission phases. Many thermal vacuum campaigns, modelling re-iterations, better understanding of the main S/C thermal behaviour, together with the great team determination helped reaching a succesfull launch followed by an on-flight system verification.
Exploring Transformer Backbones for Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimation

Previous works on Treatment Effect Estimation (TEE) are not in widespread use because they are predominantly theoretical, where strong parametric assumptions are made but untractable for practical application. Recent work uses multilayer perceptron (MLP) for modeling casual relationships, however, MLPs lag far behind recent advances in ML methodology, which limits their applicability and generalizability. To extend beyond the single domain formulation and towards more realistic learning scenarios, we explore model design spaces beyond MLPs, i.e., transformer backbones, which provide flexibility where attention layers govern interactions among treatments and covariates to exploit structural similarities of potential outcomes for confounding control. Through careful model design, Transformers as Treatment Effect Estimators (TransTEE) is proposed. We show empirically that TransTEE can: (1) serve as a general purpose treatment effect estimator that significantly outperforms competitive baselines in a variety of challenging TEE problems (e.g., discrete, continuous, structured, or dosage-associated treatments) and is applicable to both when covariates are tabular and when they consist of structural data (e.g., texts, graphs); (2) yield multiple advantages: compatibility with propensity score modeling, parameter efficiency, robustness to continuous treatment value distribution shifts, explainable in covariate adjustment, and real-world utility in auditing pre-trained language models
Multiwinner Elections under Minimax Chamberlin-Courant Rule in Euclidean Space

We consider multiwinner elections in Euclidean space using the minimax Chamberlin-Courant rule. In this setting, voters and candidates are embedded in a d-dimensional Euclidean space, and the goal is to choose a committee of k candidates so that the rank of any voter's most preferred candidate in the committee is minimized. (The problem is also equivalent to the ordinal version of the classical k-center problem.) We show that the problem is NP-hard in any dimension d >= 2, and also provably hard to approximate. Our main results are three polynomial-time approximation schemes, each of which finds a committee with provably good minimax score. In all cases, we show that our approximation bounds are tight or close to tight. We mainly focus on the 1-Borda rule but some of our results also hold for the more general r-Borda.
Safety Aware Changepoint Detection for Piecewise i.i.d. Bandits

In this paper, we consider the setting of piecewise i.i. d. bandits under a safety constraint. In this piecewise i.i. d. setting, there exists a finite number of changepoints where the mean of some or all arms change simultaneously. We introduce the safety constraint studied in \citet{wu2016conservative} to this setting such that at any round the cumulative reward is above a constant factor of the default action reward. We propose two actively adaptive algorithms for this setting that satisfy the safety constraint, detect changepoints, and restart without the knowledge of the number of changepoints or their locations. We provide regret bounds for our algorithms and show that the bounds are comparable to their counterparts from the safe bandit and piecewise i.i. d. bandit literature. We also provide the first matching lower bounds for this setting. Empirically, we show that our safety-aware algorithms perform similarly to the state-of-the-art actively adaptive algorithms that do not satisfy the safety constraint.