Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE SPECTRA OF SOME SPIRAL NEBULÆ AND GLOBULAR STAR CLUSTERS

This investigation was undertaken to test the correctness of the statement frequently found in astronomical literature that the spectra of the spiral nebulæ are continuous, and to increase our knowledge of these spectra in any manner possible. A few globular star clusters were added to the program for reasons given below. There are but two published observations, as far as known, which cast any doubt on the continuous character of the spectra of spiral nebulæ—one by Scheiner and the other by Huggins, both of whom worked on the Andromeda nebula. Each of these observers obtained a spectrogram showing absorption lines: the former, lines corresponding to G (A4308) and H (A 3969) of the solar spectrum; the latter, the G, H, and K (A 3934) lines, with some others not named. The spectrogram by Scheiner was probably faint and there may be some doubt as to its interpretation, for the late Director Vogel, who presumably saw the plate, when revising Newcomb-Englemann’s Populäre Astronomie several years later, said on page 577 : "Selbst über das Spektrum des bekannten Andromedanebels ist nichts weiter bekannt, als dass er nicht das sonst bei Nebeln gewöhnlich vorkommende Gasspectrum zeigt. ” Huggins does not seem to think his plate entirely free from suspicion, for he says: "The photograph . we had put aside . as probably vitiated, in some unknown way, by the coming in of direct solar light, or of moonlight. ” The basis for this suspicion is due to the fact that an overexposed solar spectrum was imprinted on the same plate for comparison. Huggins also observed visually some bright lines in the spectrum of this nebula. These two photographic observations agree in showing absorption lines present in this nebular spectrum; but, judging from the circumstances as noted, the evidence can hardly be called conclusive.
Implementation of an NHS First Trimester Screening Clinic

We aimed to improve trisomy 21 and maternal screening by introducing a 'one-stop' NHS first trimester screening clinic (FTSC). We offered first trimester ultrasound assessment of nuchal translucency (NT), measurement of serum free βHCG and Papp-A, along with maternal screening tests (full blood count, rubella, hepatitis B, syphilis, HIV and midstream urine culture). We restructured antenatal clinics, developed clear algorithms, provided detailed patient information and consent leaflets, ensured high standards of ultrasound and serum biochemistry measurement. After one year, completion of screening improved (60–91%) whilst maintaining a high trisomy 21 detection rate (89%) along with a 23% reduction in number of invasive procedures. A reliable FTSC can be introduced which complements existing NHS maternity care.
The active RS Canum Venaticorum binary II Pegasi ? I. Stellar and orbital parameters

A detailed model atmosphere analysis of high- resolution and high S/N CCD spectra of II Peg has yielded for the first time a self-consistent set of fundamental pa- rameters of the primary component: Te =4600 K, log g=3.2, (M/H)=-0.4, t=2.0 km s 1 . In addition, 121 new high qual- ity radial velocity measurements 1 allowed us to determine im- proved orbital parameters, resulting in a new orbital ephemeris of Tconj=2449582.9268+6.724333E. The position of the pri- mary of II Peg in the HR diagram with the new parameters cor- responds to a K2 IV star with mass 0.8 M. The evolved character of the star is confirmed by the C/N ratio, which is reduced significantly relative to the solar value. The unspotted V magnitude of the star of 6: m 9 is estimated from the observed variations of the TiO bands and quasi-simultaneous photome- try. The blend of Lii 6707 ˚ A is suspected to vary in equivalent width due to spot modulation. The lithium abundance for the unspotted star, Li/H=1.00. 1, is found to be consistent with other post-main sequence chromospherically active stars. Com- bining all parameters, the radius R 3.4 R and the inclination i 60 of the primary are estimated with the assumption that its rotational axis is perpendicular to the orbital plane. The sec- ondary is probably a M0-M3 V star with a mass of about 0.4 M.
On Algorithms and Complexity for Sets with Cardinality Constraints PSPACE and PTIME Logics for Program Analysis

Typestate systems ensure many desirable properties of imperative programs, including initialization of object fields and cor rect use of stateful library interfaces. Abstract sets with cardinali ty constraints naturally generalize typestate properties: relationship s between the typestates of objects can be expressed as subset and disjointness relations on sets, and elements of sets can be represented as sets of cardinality one. In addition, sets with cardinality cons traints provide a natural language for specifying operations and invariants of data structures. Motivated by these program analysis applications, this paper presents new algorithms and new complexity results for constraints on sets and their cardinalities. We study several classes of constraints and demonstrate a trade-off between their expressive power and their complexity. Our first result concerns a quantifier-free fragment of Boole an Algebra with Presburger Arithmetic. We give a nondeterministic polynomial-time algorithm for reducing the satisfiability of sets with symbolic cardinalities to constraints on constant car dinalities, and give a polynomial-space algorithm for the resulting problem. The best previously existing algorithm runs in exponential space and nondeterministic exponential time. In a quest for more efficient fragments, we identify several subclasses of sets with cardinality constraints whose sati sfiability is NP-hard. Finally, we identify a class of constraints t hat has polynomial-time satisfiability and entailment problems an d can serve as a foundation for efficient program analysis. We give a system of rewriting rules for enforcing certain consistency pr operties of these constraints and show how to extract complete information from constraints in normal form. This result implies the soundness and completeness of our algorithms.
The use of the Ilizarov technique in the correction of limb deformities associated with skeletal dysplasia.

Summary The skeletal dysplasias are a unique and heterogeneous group of disorders with skeletal manifestations including deformity, disproportion, and short stature. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of the Ilizarov technique in the management of these orthopedic problems in 15 patients with skeletal dysplasias. The technique is particularly appropriate in those patients requiring correction of angular deformity and limb lengthening. The greatest number of complications were encountered in those patients undergoing extended limb lengthening. Nevertheless, all patients achieved their pre-operative goals.
Classification of hypersurfaces with parallel Möbius second fundamental form in S n +1

Let M n(n ≥ 2) be an immersed umbilic-free hypersurface in the (n+1)-dimensional unit sphere S n+1. Then M n is associated with a so-called Mobius metric g, and a Mobius second fundamental form B which are invariants of M nunder the Mobius transformation group of S n+1. In this paper, we classify all umbilic-free hypersurfaces with parallel Mobius second fundamental form.
The effect of pH on rates of reaction and hydrogen generation during serpentinization

A series of three laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate how pH affects reaction pathways and rates during serpentinization. Two experiments were conducted under strongly alkaline conditions using olivine as reactant at 200 and 230°C, and the results were compared with previous studies performed using the same reactants and methods at more neutral pH. For both experiments, higher pH resulted in more rapid serpentinization of the olivine and generation of larger amounts of H2 for comparable reaction times. Proportionally greater amounts of Fe were partitioned into brucite and chrysotile and less into magnetite in the experiments conducted at higher pH. In a third experiment, alkaline fluids were injected into an ongoing experiment containing olivine and orthopyroxene to raise the pH from circumneutral to strongly alkaline conditions. Increasing the pH of the olivine-orthopyroxene experiment resulted in an immediate and steep increase in H2 production, and led to far more extensive reaction of the primary minerals compared to a similar experiment conducted under more neutral conditions. The results suggest that the development of strongly alkaline conditions in actively serpentinizing systems promotes increased rates of reaction and H2 production, enhancing the flux of H2 available to support biological activity in these environments. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Serpentinite in the Earth System’.
Predicted γ-ray image of SN 1006 due to inverse Compton emission

We propose a method to synthesize the inverse Compton (IC) γ-ray image of a supernova remnant starting from the radio (or hard X-ray) map and using results of the spatially resolved X-ray spectral analysis. The method is successfully applied to SN 1006. We found that synthesized IC γ-ray images of SN 1006 show morphology in nice agreement with that reported by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) collaboration. The good correlation found between the observed very high energy γ-ray and X-ray/radio appearance can be considered as evidence of the fact that the γ-ray emission of SN 1006 observed by HESS is leptonic in origin, although a hadronic origin may not be excluded.
Gait Characteristic Indices to Quantitatively Characterize Human Gait

Gait characteristic indices to quantitatively characterize human gait are created and introduced in this article. A force plate and F-Scan stress measurement system were used to collect the vertical force for test subjects' level of walking at normal speed. The indices for the heel (Hi) and forefoot (Fi) were calculated for 48 nonamputee and 3 transtibial amputee subjects averaged over four to six gait cycles. The following observations can be made for 48 nonamputee subjects: a) the indices are sensitive to the gait characteristics and are able to identify patterns of walking; b) for each subject, the indices' standard deviations from step to step are small; and c) the differences between left and right feet for each subject were also small. For three transtibial amputee subjects, observations (a) and (b) described above were also observed to be true. There is an additional observation: d) the mechanical properties of prosthetic feet have a significant effect on the gait of the amputated side with prosthetic foot, but affect the nonamputated side to a much smaller degree. Statistical analysis showed the indices are able to quantitatively characterize the gait of lower limb amputees and nonamputees. The indices may potentially be used to select or design products, e.g., prosthetic feet for amputees with mechanical properties that match the gait characteristics of a person, leading to optimal performance.
Unsupervised Topic Labeling of Text based on Wikipedia Categorization

Defining text topicality is often an expensive problem that requires significant resources for text labeling. Though many packages already exist that provide dictionaries of labeled text, synonyms, and Part-of-Speach tagging, the problem is ongoing as language develops and new meanings of words and phrases emerge. This paper proposes a cheap in human labor solution to topic labeling of any text in the majority of languages. The methodology uses links to the naturally emerging corpus of labeled text – the Wikipedia. Wikipedia categories are processed to extract a weighted set of topic labels for the analyzed text. The approach is evaluated by processing categorized texts and comparing the similarity of the top ranks of topic labels to the text category. The topic labels extracted using this methodology can be used for comparing similarity of texts, for the assessment of the completeness of topic coverage in automated marking of essays, and for coding in qualitative text analysis. The paper contributes to the field of NLP by offering a cheap and organically developing method of topical text labeling. The paper contributes to the work of qualitative analysts by offering a methodology for the analysis of interview transcripts and other unstructured text.
Excitatory amino acid transporters 1 (EAAT1) affects corticolimbic circuitry during implicit processing of negative stimuli in bipolar disorder

corticolimbic circuitry during implicit processing of negative stimuli in bipolar disorder M. Riberto, S. Poletti, C. Lorenzi, B. Vai, S. Brioschi, F. Benedetti IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy Istituto Scientifico Universitario Ospedale San Raffaele. C.E. R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo). Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milano, Italy. +390226433310, e-mail martina.riberto@outlook.com
Idealized experiments on the development of urban warming under various geographical conditions using a meso-scale meteorological model

The circulation would also affect a long-term climate change over the city. Because the characteristics vary urban effects, a various climate change is shown depending on the characteristics even if cities have a same rate of urbanization. Relationship between urban warming and a geographical characteristic around the city has been investigated by analyses on the long-term observation data (Park et al. 1994; Fujibe 1995; Ito et al. 2014). In addition, Kusaka et al. (2000) have simulated the atmosphere over a coastal city, Tokyo, with a land-use in three periods, and Sasaki et al. (2005) have compared heat balances among real cities which assume an urban development of a costal city. These studies have suggested that urban warming over a long term is dependent on the geographical characteristics, and interaction between urban temperature and sea breeze changes as urban develops for a coastal city.
Accelerating GMM-Based Patch Priors for Image Restoration: Three Ingredients for a  $100{\times}$  Speed-Up

Image restoration methods aim to recover the underlying clean image from corrupted observations. The expected patch log-likelihood (EPLL) algorithm is a powerful image restoration method that uses a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) prior on the patches of natural images. Although it is very effective for restoring images, its high runtime complexity makes the EPLL ill-suited for most practical applications. In this paper, we propose three approximations to the original EPLL algorithm. The resulting algorithm, which we call the fast-EPLL (FEPLL), attains a dramatic speed-up of two orders of magnitude over EPLL while incurring a negligible drop in the restored image quality (less than 0.5 dB). We demonstrate the efficacy and versatility of our algorithm on a number of inverse problems, such as denoising, deblurring, super-resolution, inpainting, and devignetting. To the best of our knowledge, the FEPLL is the first algorithm that can competitively restore a $512\times 512$ pixel image in under 0.5 s for all the degradations mentioned earlier without specialized code optimizations, such as CPU parallelization or GPU implementation.
Conception and Development of a Photocatalytic Reactor for H2s Degradation

For the development of a photocatalytic reactor on an industrial scale it was evaluated the degradation of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) from tests with different coatings based on TiO2. The surfaces formed with these coatings were structural and morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The flow rate, inlet concentration of H2S, activation and deactivation times (saturation) were evaluated as performance parameters of the degradation reaction. Conversion rates were studied for different residence times (RT), with a conversion of up to 95 % for RT = 30 s.
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Inflationary Implication of Gold Price in Vietnam

The sustained elevated gold price domestically, hovering persistently above the global market price, underscores the peculiar nature of the gold market in Vietnam and the resiliently strong demand for gold in the local market. In particular, the movements in the price of gold seem to lead a symmetrical trend in the headline inflation since the outbreak of the 2007 global financial crisis. The primary objective of this study is therefore to assess possible inflationary consequence of the gold price movements in Vietnam. Past studies demonstrate that if gold could be viewed as a financial asset, shifts in the gold price should be monitored as one of the determining factors of inflation. Yet, hardly any study has assessed potential inflationary implication of gold in Vietnam, especially during the recent years of volatile and double-digit inflation rates.
AIAN artwork1_Apr-June_2013

Purpose: We studied the phenotype and electroencephalographic (EEG) features, and therapeutic aspects of idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs) in South Indian population. Patients and Methods: This prospective cross‐sectional hospital‐based study was carried out on non‐consecutive 287 patients (age 22.2 ± 7.7 years; M:F = 139:148) with IGE syndrome. Their clinical and EEG observations were analyzed. Results: Majority of the patients had onset of seizures <20 years of age (n = 178; 62%). Thirty one patients (10.8%) had family history of epilepsy. Nearly half of them (49.9%) had <5 years of duration of seizures. The type of IGEs included Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME): 115 (40.1%); IGE with generalized tonic‐clonic seizures (GTCS) only: 102 (39.02%); childhood absence epilepsy (CAE): 35 (12.2%); GTCS on awakening: 15 (5.2%); Juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE): 11 (3.8%); and unclassified seizures: 9 (3.1%). The triggering factors noted in 45% were sleep deprivation (20%), non‐compliance and stress in 5% each. The EEG (n = 280) showed epileptiform discharges in about 50% of patients. Epileptiform discharges during activation was observed in 40/249 patients (16.1%): Hyperventilation in 32 (12.8%) and photic stimulation in 19 (7.6%). The seizures were well controlled with anti‐epileptic drugs (AEDs) in 232 (80.8%) patients and among them, 225 (78.4%) patients were on monotherapy. Valproate (n = 131) was the most frequently prescribed as monotherapy. Conclusions: This is one of the largest cohort of patients with IGE. This study reiterates the importance of segregating IGE syndrome and such analysis will aid to the current understanding and management.
The effect of cognitive errors avoidance through narrative therapy on depression and dysfunctional attitude of elementary girl students

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of cognitive errors avoidance teaching through narrative therapy on depression and dysfunctional attitude of elementary girl students. This project was an experimental study with pretest-posttest-follow up (1 month) design. To measure depression and dysfunctional attitude, Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRS) was used and to evaluate dysfunctional attitude of the students, DAS-C and clinical interview was employed. The statistical sample of the study included 36 fourth and fifth grade elementary girl students of Shiraz with depression. The participants were randomly assigned into three groups of experimental (12 people), placebo (12 people) and control (12 people). The experimental group was exposed to narrative therapy during 6 weeks, twice a week; the placebo group was exposed to the implementation of asset of selective stories (without the content of cognitive errors avoidance teaching) for 6 weeks, twice a week and the control group was received no treatment. To analyze the obtained data, co-variance analysis method was used, indicating a significance difference between mean depressions in the three groups in posttest stage. However, this difference was not significant in follow-up stage. Moreover, there was a significant difference between dysfunctional attitude mean in the three groups in posttest stage; such a difference was significant in follow-up stage as well. Accordingly, using narrative therapy was found to be effective to decrease depression and dysfunctional attitude of the students.
COMPUTATION OF PROVIDING SERVICES INTEGRAL QUALITY INDEX

Background. The paper is devoted to review and improvement of existing algorithms for assessing the service provision quality by a telecom operator. Modern approaches to determining the level of service quality in the operator's telecom system require the use of complex mathematical methods and approaches that have significant computational complexity. The proposed approach to assessment of the provided services quality is based on a generalized quality function defined as the geometric average of the individual quality indicators of the operator's telecom monitoring system and allows the formation of fuzzy knowledge base in the form of the structured rules. To obtain the value of the integral indicator the rules of the fuzzy knowledge base are trained using the desirability function and the clustering method. The data set presentation to obtain from the operator's telecom monitoring system at certain time intervals in the form of the fuzzy knowledge base structured rules allows to reduce the making decision time on the service provision quality significantly, as well as to reduce the computational complexity of the service provision quality determining. Objective. Improving the service provision quality to the end user through "soft" condition control of the operator's system performance indicators and reducing computational complexity in determining their quality. Methods. The study was carried out based on a large number of literary sources analysis, the theory of fuzzy logic, clustering methods with using the generalized quality function, the theory of fuzzy knowledge base. Results. An approach is proposed to determining the integral quality indicator of the provided by the telecom operator to the end user services, obtaining the complex non-structured data estimation based on one integral fuzzy indicator and forming on its basis a knowledge system represented as the fuzzy knowledge base. When forming a fuzzy knowledge base, it takes time to learn its rules, but this is compensated by computational load reduction on the system during its operation. Conclusions. The presented research indicates the need to improve the modern telecom operator’s platform for the services provision that realized by an additional block of "soft" services quality management with the help of fuzzy knowledge base. This modification allows instead of processing Big Data from the telecom operator's monitoring system to determine the quality of services based on the rules of the fuzzy knowledge base.
VERTICALLY INTEGRATED ARMINGTON

In this paper, we derive two vertically integrated CES Armington industry-specific models, one with endogenous producer prices and one with exogenous producer prices. The models incorporate the use of both domestic and foreign intermediate inputs in domestic production. We describe the process for deriving an N -level vertically integrated Armington CES model. We present several examples that demonstrate how results differ from the standard Armington industry-specific model once the model accounts for shocks within the supply chain. Ross Hallren, Research Division, Office of Economics ross.hallren@usitc.gov David Riker, Research Division, Office of Economics david.riker@usitc.gov