Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpreting Differences in Radiative Feedbacks From Aerosols Versus Greenhouse Gases

Experiments with seven Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 models were used to assess the climate feedback parameter for net historical, historical greenhouse gas (GHG) and anthropogenic aerosol forcings. The net radiative feedback is found to be more amplifying (higher effective climate sensitivity) for aerosol than GHG forcing, and hence also less amplifying for net historical (GHG + aerosol) than GHG only. We demonstrate that this difference is consistent with their different latitudinal distributions. Historical aerosol forcing is most pronounced in northern extratropics, where the boundary layer is decoupled from the free troposphere, so the consequent temperature change is confined to low altitude and causes low‐level cloud changes. This is caused by change in stability, which also affects upper‐tropospheric clear‐sky emission, affecting both shortwave and longwave radiative feedbacks. This response is a feature of extratropical forcing generally, regardless of its sign or hemisphere.
Comparison of T2 Quantification Strategies in the Abdominal-Pelvic Region for Clinical Use

Objectives The aim of the study was to compare different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition strategies appropriate for T2 quantification in the abdominal-pelvic area. The different techniques targeted in the study were chosen according to 2 main considerations: performing T2 measurement in an acceptable time for clinical use and preventing/correcting respiratory motion. Materials and Methods Acquisitions were performed at 3 T. To select sequences for in vivo measurements, a phantom experiment was conducted, for which the T2 values obtained with the different techniques of interest were compared with the criterion standard (single-echo SE sequence, multiple acquisitions with varying echo time). Repeatability and temporal reproducibility studies for the different techniques were also conducted on the phantom. Finally, an in vivo study was conducted on 12 volunteers to compare the techniques that offer acceptable acquisition time for clinical use and either address or correct respiratory motion. Results For the phantom study, the DESS and T2-preparation techniques presented the lowest precision (ρ2 = 0.9504 and ρ2 = 0.9849 respectively), and showed a poor repeatability/reproducibility compared with the other techniques. The strategy relying on SE-EPI showed the best precision and accuracy (ρ2 = 0.9994 and Cb = 0.9995). GRAPPATINI exhibited a very good precision (ρ2 = 0.9984). For the technique relying on radial TSE, the precision was not as good as GRAPPATINI (ρ2 = 0.9872). The in vivo study demonstrated good respiratory motion management for all of the selected techniques. It also showed that T2 estimate ranges were different from one method to another. For GRAPPATINI and radial TSE techniques, there were significant differences between all the different types of organs of interest. Conclusions To perform T2 measurement in the abdominal-pelvic region, one should favor a technique with acceptable acquisition time for clinical use, with proper respiratory motion management, with good repeatability, reproducibility, and precision. In this study, the techniques relying respectively on SE-EPI, radial TSE, and GRAPPATINI appeared as good candidates.
Salt Marsh Ecology in Karainagar, Sri Lanka

Salt marshes are dynamic habitat lying on a low energy coastline functioning as ecotones. Salt marshes in Sri Lanka are understudied, unexplored and less concerned for conservation. This study recorded biodiversity and ecology of Karainagar marsh plants and their influence by edaphic factors. Floral diversity was studied with 10m wide line transects at seven points perpendicular to the High Tide Line, comprising 35 quadrats. Six marsh plants of family Amaranthaceae were identified. Suaeda maritima, Halosarcia indica and Salicornia brachiata were abundantly observed. Highest Shannon Index (0.78) and lowest Simpson Index (0.41) values were recorded in Point 3. Cluster analysis classified plots into four clusters and 2DMulti Dimensional Scaling deduced higher similarity between Points 3, 4, 5 and 7. Positive correlation between elevation and salinity (r=0.829, p=0.00) has influenced plant distribution. Pearson comparison resembled a strong statistically significant correlation between elevation and salinity (p=0.004). The flooding inundation and climatic zonation has resulted in profound increase in salinity in Karainagar. Despite their high ecological value, salt marshes are being destroyed at an alarming rate. Understanding relationship between salt marsh ecology and environmental factors is a key factor in salt marsh conservation and restoration.
Augmentative role of Piriformospora indica fungus and plant growth promoting bacteria in mitigating salinity stress in Trigonella foenum-graecum

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of Piriformospora indica and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in mitigating salinity stress in Trigonella foenum graecum. Plants were subjected to three different levels of salinity, viz., 0, 70, and 150 mM NaCl (electrical conductivity value 0.01, 7.67, and 15.50 mS cm−1, respectively) using a completely randomized design experiment. The P. indica and PGPB showed positive effects in mitigation of salinity stress in fenugreek plants and elevated various growth responses, viz., shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight, leaf area, and number of leaves as compared to uninoculated plants. Microbial inoculation significantly enhanced the physiological responses, viz., photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and internal CO2 as compared to uninoculated plants. Biochemical aspects like carotenoids, chlorophylls, nitrogen, and protein content were also increased in the microbial inoculated plants as compared to uninoculated plants. However, PGPB was more effective than P. indica in mitigating salinity stress in fenugreek plant. The findings of this study revealed that P. indica and PGPB inoculation can help the plants to overcome the deleterious effects of salinity stress in fenugreek plants.
Knowledge Management as a predictor of Organizational Resilience and Agility

Background: Organizations have faced significant changes since the beginning of the twenty-first century; these unpredictable changes, as well as today's competitive world, require organizations to have different competitive features such as resilience and agility, which are closely interrelated concepts with knowledge management and help organizations adapt quickly to environmental shifts and affect their performance survival. Aim: The present study aimed to explore the possibility of knowledge management as a predictor of organizational resilience and agility as reported by studied nursing staff. Research Design: An exploratory descriptive design was utilized. Setting: In-patient medical, surgical, and intensive care units were all included in the study at Benha University Hospital. Subjects: A simple random sample of 366 nursing staff were composed of 3 supervisors, 43 head nurses, and 320 staff nurses who had at least a one-year experience in the study setting, approved their participation in the study in the previously mentioned units, and who are available at the time of data collection. Tools for data collection: Three tools were used: Knowledge Management Questionnaire, Organizational Resilience Questionnaire, and Organizational Agility Questionnaire. The results revealed a moderate level of knowledge management (65.8 percent ). In addition, nursing staff reported moderate levels of organizational resilience and agility (54.1 percent and 60.4 percent, respectively), and a highly positive statistically significant correlation between total knowledge management and total levels of organizational resilience and agility (pvalue.01). Conclusion: The study concluded that knowledge management was a highly significant predictor of organizational resilience and agility. Recommendations: According to the findings of the current study, hospital administrators should support or adapt organizational culture in order to enable the successful implementation of knowledge management technologies and practices, as well as lead organizational efforts to change organizational culture in order to maintain organizational resilience and agility.
Turmeric Extracts as a Protective Natural Compound Against Hepatotoxicity Induced by Lead Nitrate in Male Albino Rat Model

: Excessive exposure to lead may damage the liver by increasing oxidative stress, leading to many serious diseases. Dietary antioxidants may protect the liver from damage. Therefore, the effect of ethanolic and aqueous turmeric extracts against lead-induced liver damage was evaluated by esti-mating liver function and antioxidant/oxidative stress biomarkers. Forty rats were divided into group (A) served as control, group (B) treated with 93 mg/kg b.wt. lead nitrate, group (C) and group (D) treated as group B in addition to 400 mg/kg b.wt. of turmeric aqueous and ethanolic extracts, respec-tively. Group B showed a significant increase in the activities of alanine transaminase by 10 folds, aspartate transaminase by 9 folds, alkaline phosphatase by 3 folds and the level of malondialdehyde by 10 folds, while showed a significant decrease in albumin by 60%, total protein by 54.5%, and superoxide dismutase by 80.5%, catalase by 75% and glutathione by 71.6% in comparison with control group. On the
Circular RNA Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (CircPVT1) knockdown ameliorates hypoxia-induced bladder fibrosis by regulating the miR-203/Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) signaling axis

ABSTRACT The effects of circular RNAs (circRNAs) on bladder outlet obstruction (BOO)-induced hypertrophy and fibrogenesis in rats and hypoxia-induced bladder smooth muscle cell (BSMC) fibrosis remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the regulatory role of circRNAs in the phenotypic changes in BSMCs in BOO-induced rats.circRNAmicroarray and real-time PCR were used to explore differentiated expressed circRNAs. Bioinformatics analyses and dual-luciferase reporter were performed to identify the targets for circRNA PVT1 (circPVT1). BOO was performed to establish a bladder fibrosis animal model. The circPVT1 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression levels were upregulated (p = 0.0061 and 0.0328, respectively), whereas the microRNA-203a (miR-203) level was downregulated in rats with bladder remodeling (p=0.0085). Bioinformatics analyses and dual-luciferase reporter assay results confirmed that circPVT1 sponges miR-203 and that the latter targets the 3′-untranslated region of SOCS3. Additionally, circPVT1 knockdown alleviated BOO-induced bladder hypertrophy and fibrogenesis. Furthermore, hypoxia was induced in BSMCs to establish a cell model of bladder fibrosis. Hypoxia induction in BSMCs resulted in upregulated circPVT1 and SOCS3 levels (p = 0.0052) and downregulated miR-203 levels. Transfection with circPVT1 and SOCS3 shRNA ameliorated hypoxia-induced transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), TGFβR1, α-smooth muscle actin, fibrotic growth factor, extracellular matrix subtypes, BSMC proliferation, and apoptosis-associated cell injury, whereas co-transfection with miR-203 inhibitor counteracted the effect of circPVT1 shRNA on these phenotypes.These findings revealed a novel circRNA regulator of BOO-associated bladder wall remodeling and hypoxia-induced phenotypic changes in BMSCs by targeting the miR-203–SOCS3 signaling axis. Graphical abstract
Desmoglein‐3 induces YAP phosphorylation and inactivation during collective migration of oral carcinoma cells

Alterations of the Hippo–YAP pathway are potential targets for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) therapy, but heterogeneity in this pathway could be responsible for therapeutic resistance. We analysed the Hippo–YAP signatures in a cohort of characterised keratinocyte cell lines derived from the mouth floor and buccal mucosa from different stages of OSCC tumour progression and focused on the specific role of YAP on invasive and metastatic potential. We confirmed heterogeneity in the Hippo–YAP pathway in OSCC lines, including overexpression of YAP1, WWTR1 (often referred to as TAZ) and the major Hippo signalling components, as well as the variations in the genes encoding the intercellular anchoring junctional proteins, which could potentially regulate the Hippo pathway. Specifically, desmoglein‐3 (DSG3) exhibited a unique and mutually exclusive regulation of YAP via YAP phosphorylation during the collective migration of OSCC cells. Mechanistically, such regulation was associated with inhibition of phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (S695/Y1086) and its downstream effectors heat shock protein beta‐1 (Hsp27) (S78/S82) and transcription factor AP‐1 (c‐Jun) (S63), leading to YAP phosphorylation coupled with its cytoplasmic translocation and inactivation. Additionally, OSCC lines displayed distinct phenotypes of YAP dependency or a mixed YAP and TAZ dependency for cell migration and present distinct patterns in YAP abundance and activity, with the latter being associated with YAP nuclear localisation. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for a newly identified paradigm in the Hippo–YAP pathway and suggests a new regulation mechanism involved in the control of collective migration in OSCC cells.
Computed Tomographic, Echocardiographic, Radiographic, and Morphological Anatomy of the Heart in Goats (Capra Hircus).

The heart is the most important organ in the cardiovascular system. It pumps oxygen-rich blood all over the body. The imaging techniques are vital to get details for the best description of the structures of the cardiovascular system. Hence, it is considered an important means for diagnosis and clinical application. The current study was performed on five healthy goats of both sexes from native breeds, weighing about 30–35 kg and aging from one to three years. These goats were used as follows: topographical examination, gum milk injection (Latex 60%), computed tomography followed by frozen cross-section technique, thoracic radiograph, and echocardiography respectively. Ten hearts of apparent healthy goats were dissected for describing the heart morphology. The heart of the goat was situated between the 3rd and the 6th ribs in the thoracic cavity. It was hollow muscular cone-shaped with a slightly pointed apex. It had two surfaces, two borders, a base, and an apex. It was divided into four chambers through coronary and longitudinal grooves. The Computed Tomography sections result was compared with the anatomical images. Radiography and echocardiography were figured, identified, and labeled to create a comprehensive guide for experts in anatomy, surgery, and veterinary education. In conclusion, heart dissection generates anatomical knowledge and description. Besides, the modern imaging modalities such as Computed Tomography, echocardiography, and radiograph, provided non-invasive means for the animal anatomy in living animals.
Power System Design for a Spacecraft Simulator using Energy Storage Flywheels

This paper illustrates the design of the power subsystem architecture for the Agile Multi-Purpose Spacecraft Simulator (AMPSS) test article located at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Kirtland AFB, NM. Three Energy Storage Control Moment Gyroscopes (ESCMGs) that act as both attitude control actuators and energy storage devices are integrated into the AMPSS test article. This ∞ywheel battery technology will be applied in the flrst 3-axis, mission-traceable, spacecraft-scale, ground demonstration of the Flywheel Attitude Control, Energy Transmission, and Storage (FACETS) concept for use in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite missions. Since design of a spacecraft power subsystem depends greatly on knowledge of the mission, orbit, and payload parameters, a sample payload power proflle is derived from a national Space Radar (SR) mission. This paper flrst orients the reader to the tradeofis between chemical and ∞ywheel battery technology and the AFRL FACETS Grand Challenge. The power subsystem design requirements, critical load deflnitions, energy budget, topology and operation are subsequently discussed.
Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Guidelines on Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection Rate among Pediatric Intensive Care Children

Background: Urinary tract infection is the most common healthcare associated infection (HCAI) that usually results from prolonged use of urinary catheter that results in prolonged hospital stay. Prevention of catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in pediatric patients regarded now as an important hospital policy worldwide. Aim: The aim of this study was examining the effectiveness of evidence-based guidelines on catheter associated urinary tract infection rate among pediatric intensive care children. Design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted in acute care units (medical pediatric intensive care unit “PICU”, surgical PICU and cardiac PICU) at Mansoura University Children's Hospital. Subjects: The subjects of the study included 84 nurses who are working at the above-mentioned study settings &102 pediatric patients who are divided randomly into 2 identical groups, case& control groups, each group consists of (51) pediatric patients. Tools: I: A Structured self-administered questionnaire, II: evidence-based guidelines on Urinary catheter maintenance and removal observational checklists, III: A structured questionnaire of pediatric patients' health condition & IV: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection criteria checklist. Results: There was an improvement in the mean scores of nurses' total knowledge and practice with statistically significant difference (P<0.001) in the post intervention compared to pre intervention stage, additionally, the positive symptoms and signs suggesting CAUTI were more evident in control group compared to case group with significant difference (P <0.05 & P <0.001) post intervention. Conclusion: the implementation of evidence-based guidelines about CAUTI prevention for pediatric patients with urinary catheter has positive significant improvement on the prevention of CAUTI rate. Recommendations: there is a requisite to educate the pediatric nurse to avoid routinely use of urinary catheters and remove them when they are no longer required. The use of urinary catheter evidence-based guidelines checklists should be kept in the pediatric patient file and reviewed regularly by pediatric nurses.
Lessons learned from a long‐term irrigation experiment in a dry Scots pine forest: Impacts on traits and functioning

Climate change exposes ecosystems to strong and rapid changes in their environmental boundary conditions mainly due to the altered temperature and precipitation patterns. It is still poorly understood how fast interlinked ecosystem processes respond to altered environmental conditions, if these responses occur gradually or suddenly when thresholds are exceeded, and if the patterns of the responses will reach a stable state. We conducted an irrigation experiment in the Pfynwald, Switzerland from 2003-2018. A naturally dry Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest was irrigated with amounts that doubled natural precipitation, thus releasing the forest stand from water limitation. The aim of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding on how different traits and functions of individual trees and the whole ecosystem responded to increased water availability, and how the patterns and magnitudes of these responses developed over time. We found that the response magnitude, the temporal trajectory of responses, and the length of initial lag period prior to significant response largely varied across traits. We detected rapid and stronger responses from above-ground tree traits (e.g., tree-ring width, needle length, and crown transparency) compared to below-ground tree traits (e.g., fine root biomass). The altered above-ground traits during the initial years of irrigation increased the water demand and trees adjusted by increasing root biomass during the later years of irrigation, resulting in an increased survival rate of Scots pine trees in irrigated plots. The irrigation also stimulated ecosystem-level foliar decomposition rate, fungal fruit body biomass, and regeneration abundances of broadleaved tree species. However, irrigation did not promote the regeneration of Scots pine trees which are reported to be vulnerable to extreme droughts. Our results provide extensive evidence that treeand ecosystem-level responses were pervasive across a number of traits on long-term temporal scales. However, after reaching a peak, the magnitude of these responses either decreased or reached a new stable state, providing important insights into how resource alterations could change the system functioning and its boundary conditions.
Software Implementation of the Algorithm for Recognizing Protective Elements on The Face

The quarantine restrictions introduced during COVID-19 are necessary to minimize the spread of coronavirus disease. These measures include a fixed number of people in the room, social distance, wearing protective equipment. These restrictions are achieved by the work of technological control workers and the police. However, people are not ideal creatures, quite often the human factor makes its adjustments. That is why in this work we have developed software for determining the protective elements on the face in real time using the Python scripting language, the open software libraries OpenCV v4.5. 4, TensorFlow v2.6. 0, Keras v2.6. 0 and MobileNetV2 using the camera. The training program uses a prepared set of photos from KAGGLE — with a mask and without a mask. This set has been expanded by the authors to include different types of masks and their location. Using TensorFlow, Keras, MobileNetV2, a model is created to study the neural network by analyzing images. The generated neural network uses a model to determine the masks. You can preview the learning result of the network — it is presented as a graphic file. A program that uses the connected camera is then launched and the user can test the operation. This model can be easily deployed on embedded systems such as Raspberry Pi, Google Coral, and become a hardware and software automated system that can be used in crowded places — airports, shopping malls, stadiums, government agencies and more.
Assessing Group Work

In courses leading to professional qualifications, authentic tasks are the basis of learning through assessment. Problem solving and project work in professional life is almost always a collaborative process. Hence, authentic assessment tasks require students to collaborate in groups. If the experience is carefully devised and managed, group assignments present a rich environment for learning. Collaborative group work effectively fosters both discipline-specific and generic professional attributes. All too often, however, group assignments are a frustrating, even unproductive experience for students, leading to a grade that appears to be unrelated to the work they put in, and which makes no allowance for problems encountered by the group. This two year project, funded by The Carrick Foundation is a collaboration between the University of Canberra, University of NSW, College of Fine Arts (Sydney) and Macquarie University. The project investigates best practice in group assessment across a range of disciplines with the aim of developing a set of resources – a Web-based toolbox – for teachers and students undertaking collaborative projects.