Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NOVEL PICTURE OF THE AGN CENTRAL ENGINE ESTABLISHED BY X-RAY AND OPTICAL SIMULTANEOUS STUDIES

We analyzed 0.5-45 keV data of NGC 3227 observed by Suzaku six times between 2008 October 28 and December 2. The count-count plot between the 0.5-3 keV and 3-10 keV bands exhibits a clear break, separating the data into bright and faint phases. Applying the difference spectrum method and time-averaged spectral fits to the phase data, we found the presence of two kinds of variable primary X-rays, (1) a hard primary component with Г ~ 1.7 dominating in the faint phase and (2) a soft primary continuum with Г ~ 2.4 appearing in the bright phase, both affected by partial absorption. Considering their timing and spectral characteristics, component (1) is presumably identical to a Compton continuum in the low/hard state, while component (2) may correspond to the hard tail emission in the high/soft state, or compact-jet emission. In that case, an accretion flow onto the central super massive black hole in NGC 3227 can be interpreted to include the two different states.
Evidence of Electron Neutrino Appearance in a Muon Neutrino Beam

The T2K collaboration: reports evidence for electron neutrino appearance at the atmospheric mass splitting, |\Delta m_{32}^2|=2.4x10^{-3} eV^2. An excess of electron neutrino interactions over background is observed from a muon neutrino beam with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV at the Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector 295 km from the beam's origin. Signal and background predictions are constrained by data from near detectors located 280 m from the neutrino production target. We observe 11 electron neutrino candidate events at the SK detector when a background of 3.3\pm0.4(syst.) events is expected. The background-only hypothesis is rejected with a p-value of 0.0009 (3.1\sigma), and a fit assuming \nu_{\mu}->\nu_e oscillations with sin^2(2\theta_{23})=1, \delta_{CP}=0 and |\Delta m_{32}^2|=2.4x10^{-3} eV^2 yields sin^2(2\theta_{13})=0.088^{+0.049}_{-0.039}(stat.+syst.).
An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of FDI on the Environmental Quality in Shaanxi Province

Since reform and opening up, especially since 1990s, the scale of foreign direct investment attracted and used by Shaanxi province has been expanding. And meanwhile, the environmental quality of Shaanxi has changed greatly. By the ADF(Augmented Dickey-Fuller) stationary test, Grainger causality and co-integration analysis, based on the data of 1992-2015, this paper made an empirical analysis about the influence of foreign direct investment on environment with the environmental effects decomposed into scale effect, structure effect and technical effect. The results indicated that the change of the emission of Shaanxi province was not the Granger cause of the change of foreign investment, but foreign investment had some impacts on the environmental quality of Shaanxi province at a certain level. And the environmental effects which brought about by the expansion of the economic scale and the technology transfer which induced by the stock of foreign direct investment were negative, only the environmental effects which brought about by the economic structure were positive, but the overall environmental effects were negative. Finally, the paper gives some helpful suggestions based on research results above.
Wheat sprout flour as an attractive substrate for the producing probiotic fermented beverages: process development and product characterisation

In this study, the fermented beverages based on wheat sprout flours (WSFs, 5, 10 and 15%) obtained from two varieties (NAVID and DEIM) using lactic probiotic bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei were produced and characterised. Results revealed that the L. paracasei had a shorter dilation phase and a faster growth rate than L. plantarum especially in 5 and 15% WSF suspensions. The pH reduction was in accordance with the growth rate of two studied lactic bacteria. The fructose, glucose and maltose sugars were respectively consumed during the fermentation process. Lactic acid as the main organic acid at the process end was maximised in 15% WSF suspensions (0.70 g/100 ml). However, citric acid had the lowest changes during the process period. The 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant activities of all beverages were significantly enhanced by the increasing fermentation time. Nevertheless, the lowest EC50 was found for 10% suspensions of DEIM-WSF fermented with L. paracasei sta.
Cloning and characterization of resistance gene analogs from underexploited plant species

Genomic DNA sequences sharing homology with NBS region of resistance gene analogs were isolated and characterized from Pongamia glabra, Adenanthera pavonina, Clitoria ternatea and Solanum trilobatum using PCR based approach with primers designed from conserved regions of NBS domain. The presence of consensus motifs viz., kinase 1a, kinase 2, kinase 3a and hydrophobic domain provided evidence that the cloned sequences may belong to the NBS-LRR gene family. Conservation of tryptophan as the last residue of kinase-2 motif further confirms their position in nonTIR NBS-LRR family of resistance genes. The Resistance Gene Analogs (RGAs) cloned from P. glabra, A. pavonina, C. ternatea and S. trilobatum clustered together with wellcharacterized non -TIR-NBS-LRR
Effect of Health Communication Models and School Students on Parental Behavioral Change towards Improved Immunization Coverage among Under Five Children

: A conceptual framework makes theoretical distinctions and organizes ideas of what is intended to be conveyed in a research. Poor immunization coverage of under five children is one such pertinent perennial research problem to world since deacades. Campaigns have reached a saturation point in creating health behavior change with vaccine hesitant parents. How do we ensure that parents are well motivated to bring their children for immunization that consequently contributes to better immunization coverage? School students may perhaps play a significant role towards encouraging and influencing their own parents and neighbors through their knowledge. In order to improve immunization coverage successfully with sound scientific evidence, health promoters need to design all health programs using theoretical concepts like health communication models like Perceived Behavior Control Model (PBC) and Health Belief Model (HBM) for health promotion campaigns. PBC framework initiates a process where people are predicted to move between stages from pre knowledge, knowledgeable, approving, intending to practice and advocating for variety of preventative health related behaviors like immunization. HBM can be used as a pattern to evaluate or influence individual behavioral change .
Overexpression , Purification , Immobilization and Characterization of Thermophilic Lipase from Burkholderia pseudomallei

Lipases (EC 3.1.1.3), triacylglycerol hydrolases, are a significant group of biotechnologically applicable enzymes and they find enormous applications in food, detergent and pharmaceutical industries. Lipases are largely produced from microbes, and they play a fundamental role in commercial ventures. A lipase from thermophilic Burkholderia pseudomallei bacterial strain was isolated from Saudi Arabian environment. Based on this strain, a lipase gene encoding 399 amino acids was cloned, and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The lipase protein fused with glutathione Stransferase was purified to homogeneity 128.2 fold. SDSPAGE of the purified enzyme revealed it has Mr of 32 kDa. The recombinant lipase was efficiently immobilized in calcium alginate gelatin composites. The optimum temperature for free enzyme highest activity was recorded at 65°C however the immobilized enzyme exhibits the highest activity at 70°C. The immobilized enzyme retains most of its activity and shows high stability for 120 min at 70°C compared to 45 minutes for the native enzyme when incubated at 70°C. The free enzyme has an optimum pH at 7.5 but this optimum pH is shifted to 8.5 for the immobilized enzyme. The free and immobilized lipase catalytic function were enhanced in the presence of 1 mM of Ba ++ , Ca ++ and Na + , but inhibited by 1mM of Ni ++ , Hg ++ , Cu ++ and Co ++ . The free and the immobilized enzyme activities increased in the presence of 5 mM Fe ++ , Co ++ or Li + .
The Drivers of Downside Equity Tail Risk

We analyze the cross-sectional differences in the tail risk of equity returns and identify the drivers of tail risk. We provide two statistical procedures to test the hypothesis of cross-sectional downside tail shape homogeneity. An empirical study of 230 US non-financial firms shows that between 2008 and 2011 the cross-sectional tail shape is homogeneous across equity returns. The heterogeneity in tail risk over this period can be entirely attributed to differences in scale. The differences in scales are driven by the following firm characteristics: market beta, size, book-to-market ratio, leverage and bid-ask spread.
Dynamics of the DNAdamage response: insights from live-cell imaging

All organisms have to safeguard the integrity of their genome to prevent malfunctioning and oncogenic transformation. Sophisticated DNA damage response mechanisms have evolved to detect and repair genomic lesions. With the emergence of live-cell microscopy of individual cells, we now begin to appreciate the complex spatiotemporal kinetics of the DNA damage response and can address the causes and consequences of the heterogeneity in the responses of genetically identical cells.Here, we highlight key discoveries where live-cell imaging has provided unprecedented insights into how cells respond to DNA double-strand breaks and discuss themain challenges and promises in using this technique.
Microfabrication of air core power inductors with metal-encapsulated polymer vias

This paper reports three-dimensional (3-D) microfabricated toroidal inductors intended for power electronics applications. A key fabrication advance is the exploitation of thick metal encapsulation of polymer pillars to form a vertical via interconnections. The radial conductors of the toroidal inductor are formed by conventional plating-through-mold techniques, while the vertical windings (up to 650 µm in height) are formed by polymer cores with metal plated on their external surfaces. This encapsulated polymer approach not only significantly reduces the required plating time but also exploits the relative ease of fabricating high-aspect-ratio SU-8 pillars. To form the top radial conductors, non-photopatternable SU-8 is introduced as a thick sacrificial layer. Two toroidal inductor geometries were fabricated and tested. The first inductor had an inner diameter of 2 mm, an outer diameter of 6 mm, 25 turns and a vertical via height of 650 µm. The second inductor had an inner diameter of 4 mm, an outer diameter of 8 mm, 50 turns and a vertical via height of 650 µm. Both inductor geometries were successfully fabricated and characterized in the frequency range of 0.1−100 MHz. Characterization results of the 25- and 50-turn inductors showed an average inductance of 76 and 200 nH, a low frequency (0.1 MHz) resistance of 0.2 and 1 Ω and a quality factor of 35 and 24 at 100 MHz, respectively. Finite-element simulations of the inductors were performed and agreed with the measured results to within 8%. The turn-to-turn breakdown voltage was measured to be in excess of 800 V and currents as high as 0.5 A could be successfully carried by the inductor windings.
Quasiclassical approach to the spin Hall effect in the two-dimensional electron gas

We study the spin-charge coupled transport in a two-dimensional electron system using the method of quasiclassical ($\ensuremath{\xi}$-integrated) Green's functions. In particular we derive the Eilenberger equation in the presence of a generic spin-orbit field. The method allows us to study spin and charge transport from ballistic to diffusive regimes and continuity equations for spin and charge are automatically incorporated. In the clean limit we establish the connection between the spin Hall conductivity and the Berry phase in momentum space. For finite systems we solve the Eilenberger equation numerically for the special case of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling and a two-terminal geometry. In particular, we calculate explicitly the spin Hall induced spin polarization in the corners, predicted by Mishchenko et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 226602 (2004)]. Furthermore we find universal spin currents in the short-time dynamics after switching on the voltage across the sample, and calculate the corresponding spin Hall polarization at the edges. Where available, we find perfect agreement with analytical results.
Integrated Hardware Investigations of Precision Spacecraft Rendezvous Using the Global Positioning System

A closed-loop spacecraft rendezvous simulation facility was constructed and cone gured to evaluate a newly developedrelativenavigationalgorithmthatprocessestheobservablesoftheglobalpositioningsystem.Theprimary objective of this effort is to establish the performance of the integrated guidance and navigation architecture for autonomous rendezvous in low Earth orbit. A fundamental component of the relative navigation system is a real-time recursive extended Kalman e lter. To achieve very precise relative navigation, the e lter processes doubledifferenced carrier-phase measurements. Based on the e lter state, all of the maneuvers are computed onboard by solving the Lambert targeting problem. The closed-loop simulation investigations show that 3.5 cm or less relative positioning accuracy and 1.0 mm/srelativevelocity estimation accuracy areachievablein theabsenceof multipath. Withthesehighlyaccuraterelativenavigationresults,coordinatedandautonomousrendezvousmaneuversbecome possible.
Exploration of the shock-absorber damage influence on the steerability and stability of the car motion

The condition of shock-absorbers is one of factors influencing the in active-safety technology which help drivers to control of their vehicles in the motion. It stuck in the drivers' consciousness, that the damage of the shock-absorber causes the elongation the braking path and the lowering of the drive comfort. The remaining consequences of the worse conditions of shock-absorbers they are not known for the drivers' generality. This impinges on the vehicle motion parameters, its steerability and directional stability. The results of investigations and the analyses of the inefficient shock-absorber influence on vibration damping and the motion of the car were introduced in the presented work. The damping coefficients of the shock-absorber and their change during the exploitation were defined on the basis of test-bed investigations. Road tests were carrying over, on the basis which, try to catch the influence of fault on steerability and the directional stability of the vehicle motion. Road tests were carry over on the A class car. There was compared behaviour of the efficient vehicle and with the worn out shock-absorber. To comparison coefficients various tests are proposed. The road tests were carrying out on A class car with the 4WD driving system, equipped with the drive stability system. Results from individual tests were introduced on graphs.
Survey of Big Data Role in Smart Grids: Definitions, Applications, Challenges, and Solutions

This paper provides a literature review on smart grids and big data. Smart grid refers to technologies used to modernize the energy delivery of traditional power grids, using intelligent devices and big data technologies.The modernization is performed by deploying equipment such as sensors, smart meters, and communication devices, and by invoking procedures such as real-time data processing and big data analysis. A large volume of data with high velocity and diverse variety are generated in a smart grid environment.This paper presents definitions and background of smart grid and big data. Current studies and research developments of big data application in smart grids are also introduced. Additionally, big data challenges in smart grid systems such as security and data quality are discussed.
Studying User Influence in Personalized Group Recommenders in Location Based Social Networks

Location-based social networks (LBSNs) such as Foursquare, Google+ Local have become ubiquitous platform for users to share their activities with family and friends. LBSNs provide rich user interactions and location information to personalize recommendation systems for users, groups and places. In this paper, we propose novel collaborative filtering based hierarchical Bayesian models which jointly learns activities and group preferences to perform personalized group recommendations. We study how explicit modeling of user influence affects the personalized group recommendations. We show that well-designed personalized generative group recommenders can capture user expertise and group dynamics accurately and they out-perform state-of-the-art group recommendation systems.
Effect of Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Corn (Zea mays L.) Under Withholding Irrigation at Different Growth Stages

In order to study effect of salicylic acid foliar application and limited irrigation, on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of corn an experiment was conducted in Varamin, Iran during 2013 growing season. The experimental design was laid out in a randomized complete block with a split plots arrangement of treatments in three replications. Main plots included four different levels of irrigation (complete irrigation, irrigation withholding at 8-leaf stage, irrigation withholding at staminate inflorescence appearance stage and irrigation withholding at silks appearance stage) and different concentration of foliar application of salicylic acid (0, 150 and 300 µM) were allocated to subplots. The results showed that irrigation withholding conditions in different growth stages significantly decreased seed yield, RWC and total chlorophyll but by contrast increased membrane stability, proline content, antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid and protein peroxidation. Salicylic acid foliar application had positive effect on all attributes in this experiment. In general, the results of the present study indicate that usage of salicylic acid reduces the harmful effects of water deficit stress and increases resistance to drought stress in corn plant.
Synergistic and Pretreatment Effect on Anaerobic Co-Digestion from Rice Straw and Municipal Sewage Sludge

Anaerobic digestion is considered to be a priority disposal technology for rice straw and sewage sludge. In this study, the synergistic and alkali-treat effect on co-digestion of rice straw and sewage sludge was investigated. The results indicated that the co-digestion of alkali-treated rice straw and sewage sludge had the best biogas yield of 338.9 mL/gVS, which was 1.06 and 1.75 times that of either alkali-treated rice straw or sewage sludge alone, respectively. The actual biogas and methane yields of a co-digestion group with raw rice straw and sewage sludge (G4) increased 26.39% and 24.79% relative to the theoretical calculation based on raw rice straw digestion (group G2) and sewage sludge digestion (group G5), suggesting that a synergistic effect occurred during the co-digestion process. The maximum concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was 4860 mg/L on the 4th day in the sewage sludge group. Xylanase activity reached a maximum of 10.55 U/mL on the 6th day in the alkali-treated rice straw group, while the concentration of protease enzyme was relatively higher in the sewage sludge group than in others. The removal rates of cellulose and hemicellulose in groups with alkali treatment were 32.25% and 36.96% (G1) and 40.86% and 41.61% (G3), higher than that of groups without treatment.
Selected Papers from the 2013 TEI Conference TEI , Ontologies , Linked Open Data : Geolat and Beyond

This paper presents the rationales and the logical architecture of Geolat — Geography for Latin Literature, a project for the enrichment of Latin literature which makes use of a complex mix of TEI markup, Semantic Web technologies and formal ontologies. The purpose of Geolat is the annotation of the geographical and personal references in a corpus of Latin TEI encoded texts. These annotations are linked to a set of ontologies that give them formal semantics, and can nally be exposed the as linked open data, in order to improve the documents’ interoperability with other existing LOD and to enhance information retrieval possibilities. The paper is organized as follows: rst we introduce the project in order to explain the steps needed to complete it (section 2); then we describe the ontological modeling and the TEI encoding in Geolat, by focusing on both places and persons (section 3). We then discuss the annotation data model (section 4). In conclusion, we introduce some future directions (section 5).
Attack Detection Based on Data Mining Techniques

: In light of the security challenges posed by the reality of today, where the Internet and exchange information are an integral part of our daily lives, we live in a world where data requirements have become dynamic, where things are permanently changing. In order to provide security and decrease the damage of information system caused by attacks on the network; it is important to provide it with Intrusion Detection system (IDS). In this paper, we present intrusion detection model based on Feature extraction and two-stage classifier module, designed to detect anomaly activities. The proposed model using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of Feature extraction to map the high dimensional dataset to a lower one with effective features. We then apply a two-stage classification module utilizing Naïve Bayes and C4.5 to identify abnormal behaviors. The experiment results using NSL-KDD dataset shows that Our model outperforms the previous model for detection low-frequency attacks.
Verification of GM2 Activator Protein for Potential Application as Lung Cancer Biomarker

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer– related deaths worldwide. Finding effective biomarkers for early diagnosis would benefit available treatments. By 2-DE analysis, GM2 activator protein (GM2AP) was increased in urine samples of lung cancer patients. An increase of GM2AP level in urine samples of lung cancer patients were verified by Western blot analysis, using healthy donors as controls. Levels of urinary GM2AP in samples from the patients were significantly increased with 23-fold higher than that found in healthy controls. The increased level of GM2AP was also confirmed in serum samples of lung cancer patients. The levels of GM2AP were found with 14fold in lung cancer patients compared to those from healthy controls. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) assay revealed that the concentration of urinary GM2AP in lung cancer patients were at 1.960, 1.334 and 9.303 μM/mL, whereas in the healthy controls was found at 1.082, 1.177 and 1.028 μM/mL. The concentration of the serum samples of lung cancer patients and healthy controls were found at 2.113, 1.284 and 1.375 μM/mL, whereas in healthy controls were found at 0.995, 0.953 and 0.768 μM/mL, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that GM2AP might serve as preliminary candidate biomarker of lung cancer. Manuscript received June 9, 2014; revised September 3, 2014.