Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Product innovation logic under the open innovation ecosystem: A case study of Xiaomi (China)

ABSTRACT Based on an exploratory case study of the famous Chinese Internet company Xiaomi, this research summarises the experience logic of product innovation under the open innovation ecosystem from the perspectives of innovation entities and innovation platforms, and discusses how core companies can be more effective in the open innovation ecosystem to realise product innovation. The research draws the following conclusions from the two aspects of innovation subject diversification and innovation resource platformization: (1) The open innovation ecosystem emphasises the use of open subject joint innovation including core enterprises, users and partners; (2) Under the platform architecture, the allocation of reusable shared resources is conducive to the rapid growth of the product innovation ecosystem. In the process of platforming innovation resources, an open innovation ecosystem of cooperation, symbiosis and common development is gradually formed. This research enriches the theory of open innovation ecosystem and product innovation theory. In addition, Xiaomi’s product innovation development model proves that core companies can take the approach of building an open innovation ecosystem. It provides a powerful example for other companies in product innovation.
Stability analysis of Digital Extremum Seeking Control for photovoltaic applications

The paper presents a large-signal stability analysis of Digital Extremum Seeking Control. This technique consists in adding a small discrete-time sinusoidal signal at the input of the nonlinear system and then processing the output in order to steer the photovoltaic panel to its maximum power point. The stability analysis is based on Lyapunov's direct method and takes into account the saturation that prevents the operating point from getting out of a prescribed domain. We report the applicability of this technique to photovoltaic panels and we illustrate it by means of PSIM simulations.
Three Dimensional Measuring Points Locating Algorithm Based Texture-Patched Matrix Completion Algorithm for Indoor 3D REM Design

In this paper, a novel texture-patch transformed (TPT) three dimensional (3D) matrix completion (MC) method has been proposed with the support of novel 3D measuring points (MPs) locating algorithm to generate practical received signal strength (RSS) database assisted indoor 3D radio environment map (REM) of ultra-high frequency (UHF) television (TV)-band. The exploration of TV-band results in TV white and grey space (TV-WS and TV-GS), which are competent resolution to recoup excess data traffic through cognitive radio networks (CRNs) by dynamic spectrum access (DSA) by secondary user (SU). Maximum wireless data traffic generates in indoor and altitude considered exploration of REM achieves high data rate, so selecting interpolation algorithm is important for getting accurate and timely generated REM. Many MC algorithm shows better results than standard interpolation methods. Instead of using layer-by-layer MC algorithm, TPT-MC algorithm could be used through 3D↔2D conversion. Patch size has been considered through symmetric dataset profile. MC criteria based analysis shows TPT-MC algorithm takes lesser no. of MPs than layer-by-layer MC algorithm. Singular value thresholding (SVT) algorithm is used MC algorithm. TPT-SVT shows advantage over layer-by-layer SVT algorithm on RMSE, correlation, best-fit-line and simulation time on same no. of dataset. The result analysis shows that TPT-SVT algorithm is better in RMSE, closest best-fit-line and correlation coefficient than 2D IDW2, 2D K-NN, 2D kriging, TPT-IDW2, TPT-K-NN, TPT-kriging, 3D IDW2 and layer-by-layer SVT algorithm. Computation time of TPT-SVT is better than 3D IDW2 and SVT. TPT-SVT algorithm takes lesser no. of dataset than SVT algorithm for faithful MC.
How to Evaluate Woodcock Habitat Management: are Landowners the Answer?

Loss of young forest, also termed early successional forest, in North America is negatively impacting wildlife populations that rely on this regenerating forest type, especially birds. The Wisconsin Young Forest Partnership (WYFP) targets young forest management efforts to benefit American woodcock ( Scolopax minor ; hereafter, woodcock) on private lands in Wisconsin. The WYFP uses an adaptive strategy to iteratively evaluate and adjust their habitat management activities. Citizen science can be a valuable evaluation tool in this process. The WYFP aims to develop a citizen science program whereby landowners monitor woodcock in management areas on their properties. We explored the woodcock monitoring preferences and abilities of landowners through questionnaires, interviews, and pilot woodcock surveying to inform the development of a citizen science woodcock monitoring program. Landowners were enthusiastic about participating in woodcock monitoring. When creating a citizen science program for monitoring woodcock it is important to use English units for estimating distance, evaluate landowners’ physical ability to hear peenting woodcock, provide in-person monitoring training, and have flexible data submittal options. Development of a successful citizen science program for monitoring woodcock requires balancing researcher goals with participant preferences and abilities. Symposium 11:
Tuning the Cell and Biological Tissue Environment through Magneto-Active Materials

This review focuses on novel applications based on multifunctional materials to actuate biological processes. The first section of the work revisits the current knowledge on mechanically dependent biological processes across several scales from subcellular and cellular level to the cell-collective scale (continuum approaches). This analysis presents a wide variety of mechanically dependent biological processes on nervous system behaviour; bone development and healing; collective cell migration. In the second section, this review presents recent advances in smart materials suitable for use as cell substrates or scaffolds, with a special focus on magneto-active polymers (MAPs). Throughout the manuscript, both experimental and computational methodologies applied to the different treated topics are reviewed. Finally, the use of smart polymeric materials in bioengineering applications is discussed.
Enhanced Approach For Handwritten Text Recognition Using Neural Network

The off-line character recognition is a process which is used to recognition the pattern. The problem for recognition is to segment the character into isolated word. In this paper, we use a new method which calculates the approximation width of the word for the segmentation. After using this algorithm characters are segmented which may have some extra stokes, braked image. To remove these errors some pre-processing steps are performed to make the character smoother. A new feature extraction algorithm is applied to this segmented character, in this algorithm we used to calculate the pixels range and also exact value of a image. The range value is used for the classification. The classifier has been used to train the neural network. Recognition of a character image we used to calculate the approximation value of this image and the value of this image has tested on the trained neural networks, which shows the recognized character. This system is developed by using JAVA. This system converts the handwritten document into structural text form. Keyword: Segmentation, Neural Network, Pixels calculation, Feature extraction, Java
Can diet composition estimates using stable isotope analysis of feathers predict growth and condition in nestling mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides)?

Abstract Insectivorous birds breeding in seasonal environments provision their dependent young during periods when prey diversity and abundance vary. Consequently, the composition and nutritional value of diets parents feed to their offspring may differ within and among broods, potentially affecting the condition of nestlings. In a population of mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides), we used two methods to estimate diet composition for individual nestlings: direct observation of provisioning using video recordings at 5 and 9 days post‐hatch, and stable isotopes of the δ13C and δ15N in nestling feathers and prey followed by analysis with mixing models. We determined the macronutrient content (% fat and lean mass) and estimated the metabolized energy from each type of prey. We evaluated whether different methods of estimating diet composition would produce similar results, and whether the types of prey nestlings ate at one or both ages affected their morphology, growth rates, or blood ketone concentration. We found that bluebirds fed their young 5 main types of prey: beetles, cicadas, grasshoppers, insect larvae, and spiders. Both observational and mixing model estimates of diet composition indicated that larvae are traded off with grasshoppers and that fewer larvae are provided to nestlings as the season progresses. In evaluating how diet influences individual growth and condition, estimates from direct observations had greater explanatory power than those from mixing models, indicating that diets rich in the most energy‐dense prey (greatest fat content; cicadas and larvae) were associated with larger size and higher body condition, and faster rate of mass gain and growth of tarsus. Lower value prey had more limited, specific effects on nestlings, but may still be important dietary components. While isotopic methods produced estimates of diet composition that were generally informative, when applied to explain the growth and condition of nestlings they proved less useful.
Recent experimental activity on heavy-ion induced reactions within the NUMEN project

The possibility to use a special class of heavy-ion induced direct reactions, such as double charge exchange reactions, is discussed in view of their application to extract information that may be helpful to determinate the nuclear matrix elements entering in the expression of neutrinoless double beta decay half-life. The strategies adopted in the experimental campaigns performed at INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud are briefly described, emphasizing the advantages of the multi-channel approach to nuclear reaction data analysis.
Soil Respiration Phenology Improves Modeled Phase of Terrestrial net Ecosystem Exchange in Northern Hemisphere

In the northern hemisphere, terrestrial ecosystems transition from net sources of CO2 to the atmosphere in winter to net ecosystem carbon sinks during spring. The timing (or phase) of this transition, determined by the balance between ecosystem respiration (RECO) and primary production, is key to estimating the amplitude of the terrestrial carbon sink. We diagnose an apparent phase bias in the RECO and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) seasonal cycles estimated by the terrestrial carbon flux (TCF) model framework and investigate its link to soil respiration mechanisms. Satellite observations of vegetation canopy conditions, surface meteorology, and soil moisture from the NASA SMAP Level 4 Soil Moisture product are used to model a daily carbon budget for a global network of eddy covariance flux towers. Proposed modifications to TCF include: the inhibition of foliar respiration in the light (the Kok effect); a seasonally varying litterfall phenology; an O2 diffusion limitation on heterotrophic respiration (RH); and a vertically resolved soil decomposition model. We find that RECO phase bias can result from bias in RECO magnitude and that mechanisms which reduce northern spring RECO, like substrate and O2 diffusion limitations, can mitigate the phase bias. A vertically resolved soil decomposition model mitigates this bias by temporally segmenting and lagging RH. Applying these model enhancements at continuous soil respiration (COSORE) sites verifies their improvement of RECO and NEE skill compared to in situ observations (up to ΔRMSE = −0.76 g C m−2 d−1). Ultimately, these mechanisms can improve prior estimates of NEE for atmospheric inversion studies.
Amnesic Multi-sensor Fusion Algorithm for Streaming Time Series

Since more and more real time multi-sensor system generated continuous measurement values, a novel amnesic fusion algorithm is proposed. In the case of any prior knowledge is unknown, the algorithm takes use of the exponential function to build the support degree matrix, so each sensor's weight coefficient of different time can be obtained. Based on the fact that in many domains recent information is more useful than older information, the user-specified piecewise constant amnesic function is defined and ensured the correctness of weight coefficient re-assignment and the reduction of computation and storage complexity. Three thermocouples with observation noise distribution unknown are used to detect the temperature of a constant temperature box to verify the effectiveness of this algorithm.
Modeling and Optimization of the Flocculation Process of Multi-Component Coal Waste Slurry Using Hybrid Polymer

ABSTRACT In the present study, the flocculation of multi-component coal waste slurry was investigated using an eco-friendly hybrid polymer naturally derived. The three significant operational parameters of the flocculation process, polymer dosage, suspension pH, and mixing time, were varied and the results were evaluated with the Central Composite Rotatable Design. In order to the flocculation process, mathematical model equations were derived by computer simulation programming applying the least-squares method using Minitab 15. Second-order response functions were produced for residual turbidity (RT), settleable solid speed (SSS), and settleable solid volume (SSV). The predictions were found to be in perfect agreement with the observed values (R2 values of between 0.82 and 0.86). The optimum results were obtained for the RT, SSS, and SSV as 3.59 NTU, 10 mm/min, and 143 ml, respectively, at polymer dosage – 350 ppm, suspension pH – 10, and mixing time – 1.0 min). Additionally, the predicted models have been presented as 3D (three-dimensional) response surface graphs to understand the results.
Theory and Design of a Flexible Two-Stage Wideband Wilkinson Power Divider

This article presents the design scheme of a wideband Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) with two-stage architecture utilizing quarter-wave transmission lines and short-circuit stubs. The bandwidth of the proposed WPD is flexible and can be controlled using the design parameters. The proposed design achieves excellent isolation between output ports in addition good in-band performance. The analysis of the proposed circuit results in a simplified transfer function which is then equated with a standard band-pass transfer function to determine the parameters of transmission lines, stub’s impedances, and the value of the isolation resistors. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that a simple alteration in the proposed circuit enables the design of a wideband DC isolated WPD that maintains a good in-band and isolation performance. A number of case studies have been included to highlight the flexibility of the proposed design. Two distinct prototypes are developed on different boards to demonstrate the wideband performance of the proposed design. An excellent agreement between the experimental and measured results for both the designs over a wide band including very good isolation between ports validate the proposed design.
A high-Temperature Near-Perfect Solar Selective Absorber Combining Tungsten Nanohole and Nanoshuriken Arrays

Solar selective absorber is a key component that directly influences the photothermal efficiency in high-temperature solar energy harvesting. In present work, a solar selective absorber combining tungsten nanohole and nanoshuriken arrays was proposed and studied. Firstly, the geometry of the absorber was optimized, obtaining a near-perfect absorber. Then, evaluation of the near-perfect absorber indicated that it can achieve near unit spectral absorptance within 0.28-1.25 μm and obtain a solar absorptance of 0.9457, thus achieving a photothermal efficiency of 91.52% at 1273 K under 1000 suns. Then, analysis of its absorbing mechanisms revealed that the high solar absorptance is contributed by the impedance matching, and the coupling effects of the cavity resonance, surface plasmon polaritons, magnetic polaritons, and local surface plasmon resonance. In addition, study on the effects of the geometric parameters indicated that the absorber performance is insensitive to the changes in geometric parameters when the changes are within fabrication uncertainties. Finally, effects of the polarization angle and incident angle were examined, indicating that the near-perfect absorber exhibits high insensitivities to wide-angle incidence and all-angle polarization. These results indicate the near-perfect absorber is promising for high temperature solar energy harvesting.
Non-Uniform Circumferential Expansion of Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells—The Potato Effect

This paper presents the non-uniform change in cell thickness of cylindrical Lithium (Li)-ion cells due to the change of State of Charge (SoC). Using optical measurement methods, with the aid of a laser light band micrometer, the expansion and contraction are determined over a complete charge and discharge cycle. The cell is rotated around its own axis by an angle of α=10° in each step, so that the different positions can be compared with each other over the circumference. The experimental data show that, contrary to the assumption based on the physical properties of electrode growth due to lithium intercalation in the graphite, the cell does not expand uniformly. Depending on the position and orientation of the cell coil, there are different zones of expansion and contraction. In order to confirm the non-uniform expansion around the circumference of the cell in 3D, X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans of the cells are performed at low and at high SoC. Comparison of the high resolution 3D reconstructed volumes clearly visualizes a sinusoidal pattern for non-uniform expansion. From the 3D volume, it can be confirmed that the thickness variation does not vary significantly over the height of the battery cell due to the observed mechanisms. However, a slight decrease in the volume change towards the poles of the battery cells due to the higher stiffness can be monitored.
Increasing Reliability and Efficiency via Distributed Data Dissemination

As enterprises become more distributed, disseminating data in a timely manner between nodes of the enterprise becomes increasingly critical to doing business. Peer-topeer technologies are one promising avenue for disseminating data to distributed nodes, while also limiting performance impact. This paper discusses Project MONSOON, a system which seeks to develop reliable and efficient distributed data dissemination within an enterprise, while also preserving data integrity. This paper discusses the motivation for developing the Project MONSOON system and the architecture behind it. The evidence presented in this paper suggests that the peer-to-peer approach not only increases performance as more nodes are added, but the overall reliability of the network is increased as additional nodes participate in the dissemination. This conclusion is reinforced by simulations presented in this paper.
Solving anisotropic heat equations by exponential shift-and-invert and polynomial Krylov subspace methods

We assess performance of the exponential Krylov subspace methods for solving a class of parabolic problems with a strong anisotropy in coefficients. Different boundary conditions are considered, which have a direct impact on the smallest eigenvalue of the discretized operator and, hence, on the convergence behavior of the exponential Krylov subspace solvers. Restarted polynomial Krylov subspace methods and shift-and-invert Krylov subspace methods combined with algebraic multigrid are considered.
Prioritizing Suitable Quality Assurance and Control Standards to Reduce Laboratory Airborne Microfibre Contamination in Sediment Samples

The ubiquity and distribution of microplastics, particularly microfibres, in outdoor and indoor environments makes it challenging when assessing and controlling background contamination, as atmospheric particles can be unintentionally introduced into a sample during laboratory analysis. As such, an intra-laboratory examination and literature review was completed to quantify background contamination in sediment samples, in addition to comparing reported quality assurance and control (QA/QC) protocols in 50 studies examining microplastics in sediment from 2010 to 2021. The intra-lab analysis prioritizes negative controls, placing procedural blanks in various working labs designed to prepare, process, and microscopically analyse microplastics in sediment. All four labs are subject to microfibre contamination; however, following the addition of alternative clean-air devices (microscope enclosure and HEPA air purifiers), contamination decreased by 66% in laboratory B, and 70% in laboratory C. A review of microplastic studies suggests that 82% are not including or reporting alternative clean-air devices in their QA/QC approaches. These studies are found to be at greater risk of secondary contamination, as 72% of them ranked as medium to high contamination risk. It is imperative that laboratories incorporate matrix-specific QA/QC approaches to minimize false positives and improve transparency and harmonization across studies.
Doping‐induced diffused phase transition triggers gas‐sensing performance of Sn‐doped BaTiO3 nanostructures

The formation of polar nanoregions with a smaller doping concentration of Sn into BaTiO3 nanostructures governs significantly better gas‐sensing response for a NO2 gas at room temperature. Appropriate Sn doping in BaTiO3 nanostructures not only modifies the electronic structure but is also responsible for diffused phase transition in its crystal structure. Here, in this study, we performed high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy of the Sn‐doped BaTiO3 samples to observe the formed polar nanoregions; 0.2 M% Sn‐doped BaTiO3 possesses a higher polarization value at room temperature to adsorb NO2 gas on the surface of the thick film resistor‐based gas sensor, improving its gas‐sensing performance. The electronic structure and density of states of pristine and Sn‐doped BaTiO3 were studied by density functional theory calculations, and the results of the same revealed improved gas‐sensing performance in the case of Sn‐doped BaTiO3 nanostructures.
Gradient fill fairway plotting method for mapping inland waterways

This article proposes a method for plotting fairways using gradient fill of digital terrain models of the bottom relief. The purpose of the method is to improve the accuracy of fairway plotting, ensuring the safety of both manned and unmanned navigation. Non-regulated fairways are usually plotted by eye. When done this way, the accuracy of the fairway placement directly depends on the cartographer’s capability and initial data. Gradient fill allows the operator to instantly and accurately assess bottom relief, without having to analyse text. Gradient fill is used to fill a digital terrain model of the bottom relief built based on an irregular depth grid densified via the biquadratic spline interpolation.