Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Emotions Detection using Brain Wave Signals

Here we focus on issues and challenges of research project that was designed to assess the different human emotions through Electroencephalogram (EEG). EEG measurement is noninvasive and inexpensive, and have a very high sensitivity to receive information about the internal (endogenous) changes of brain state, and offer a very high time resolution in the millisecond range. Because of the latter property, these data are particularly suited for studies on brain mechanisms of cognitive-emotional information processing which occurs in the millisecond range. It has been well known that specific cortical and sub-cortical brain system is utilized and have been differentiated by regional electrical activities according to the associated emotional states. There are important challenges we face while developing efficient EEG signals emotion recognition are: (i) designing a protocol to stimulate unique emotion than multiple emotions , (ii) develop a efficient algorithm for removing noises and artifacts from the EEG signal, (iii) utilize the suitable and efficient artificial intelligence technique to classify the emotions. In addition,emotional activities of the brain causes difference EEG characteristics waves, it has been attempted to investigate the brain activity related to emotion through analyzing EEG.
Outcome of low birthweight in China: A 16‐year longitudinal study

Aim: To compare the growth and neurodevelopment of low‐birthweight (LBW) and normal‐birthweight (control) infants born and raised in China. Design: Prospective cohort study. Subjects and setting: 203 LBW (1200–2499 g) and 71 control (2500 g) infants born at two Shanghai hospitals in 1983 did not differ for date of birth, gender, parental occupation, parental weight and age. LBW <10th centile at 37 wk gestation was defined as small for gestational age (SGA, n=102). LBW at <37 wk gestation was defined as preterm (n=101). Main outcome measures: Weight, height, head circumference, Gesell developmental quotient (DQ), Wechsler intelligence quotient (IQ), and scholastic achievement score. Results: Of the 274 enrolled subjects, 234 (85%) returned at 6 mo, 135 (49%) at 6 y, and 104 (38%) at 16 y. SGA, preterm, and control subjects did not differ in rates of follow‐up or baseline characteristics. However, SGA and preterm were lower than control subjects in weight and head circumference through 16 y, height through 4 y, DQ through 3 y, IQ at 5 and 16 y, and scholastic achievement at 16 y. Catch‐up to growth in the control group, defined as >3rd centile, and normal IQ, defined as 85, were both more common among preterm than SGA subjects.
Comparison of effect of 0.5% ropivacaine with fentanyl versus 0.5% ropivacaine with buprenorphine in axillary brachial plexus blocks for isolated hand and forearm injuries

Background: Adjuvants with local anaesthetics prolong postoperative analgesia with early ambulation and lesser side effects. Here we compared fentanyl and buprenorphine as adjuvants to 0.5% ropivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block (ABPB). Methods: Seventy-eight patients belonging to ASA physical status 1 or 2, aged 20–65 years, undergoing surgery for isolated hand and forearm injuries were divided randomly into three groups. Ultrasound-guided ABPB was performed with 20 ml of ropivacaine 0.5% and 1ml of 0.9% saline (Group C) or 20 ml of ropivacaine 0.5% and and 50 μg fentanyl (Group F) or 20 ml of ropivacaine 0.5% and 300μg buprenorphine (Group B). The onset and duration of sensory and motor block and analgesia, total dose of rescue analgesic and haemodynamic parameters were measured. Results: In Group B, the mean time of onset of sensory and motor block was earlier than the other groups. The mean duration of sensory block, motor block and analgesia was longest in Group B followed by Group F and then Group C (P< 0.05). The mean dose of rescue analgesic was higher in Group C compared to Group F and Group B (P< 0.001). The haemodynamic parameters were comparable in the three groups and no adverse effects were seen. Conclusion: Fentanyl or buprenorphine as adjuvant to 0.5% ropivacaine in ABPB prolonged the duration of sensory and motor block and post operative analgesia. Ropivacine with buprenorphine had a short onset of sensory and motor block than Ropivacaine with fentanyl and Ropivacaine alone.
Three-dimensional vibration analysis of porous cylindrical panel with a three-phase-lag model

The article deals with a three-dimensional analysis of free vibrations of a homogeneous isotropic, thermally conducting cylindrical panel with voids in the context of a three-phase-lag model of hyperbolic thermoelasticity. After expanding the displacement potentials, void volume fraction and temperature functions with orthogonal series, the equations of the considered vibration problem are reduced to five second-order-coupled ordinary differential equations whose formal solutions can be expressed by using Bessel functions with complex arguments. The corresponding results for the thermoelastic panel without voids and an elastic panel with and without voids have been deduced as special cases. To illustrate the analytical results, the numerical solutions of various relations and equations have been obtained to compare the frequency as a function of different cylindrical panel parameters in the case of different thermoelastic models. The computer-simulated results have been presented graphically to show the effect of voids and phase lag on the frequency.
Absorptive capacity as a strategy for innovation in service microenterprises under crisis environment

This article aims to study the process of innovation in national microenterprises of services in crisis environments. Absorptive capacity is a mechanism that enables companies from different industry sectors, such as services, to develop innovative services through the recognition of the value of identified opportunities and assimilation of external knowledge by the company. It was observed the lack of literature on innovation in service microenterprises, both national and foreign enterprises. The research method adopted is exploratory qualitative research through multiple case studies, which allowed to deepen the understanding of the innovation process in microenterprises. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four microenterprises chosen based on the dimensions prior knowledge (antecedents) and external knowledge according to the maximum variation criterion. The result suggests that the domestic laundry microenterprises can develop absorptive capacity concentrating their efforts in the interorganizational relationships focused on suppliers and clients and in the intraorganizational ones centered on previous knowledge and sharing knowledge.
Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Ice Cubes Versus Sodium Bicarbonate Mouthwash both as Prophylactic Measure and as Treatment of Oral Mucositis Induced by Systemic Anticancer Therapies

Oral mucositis is a complication of systemic anticancer therapies. This study aimed at investigating the use of ice cubes and sodium bicarbonate mouthwash as a preventive and a treatment measure for oral mucositis in patients receiving systemic anticancer therapies. The two measures were given to 50 patients, 24 of whom already had oral mucositis at Oncology Department in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil/ Iraq. Patients’ grades for oral mucositis were recorded before and after receiving the two measures. After treatment of the 24 patients with Oral Mucositis, the number decreased to 9 patients. The grades of patients’ oral mucositis also decreased to lower grades The two measures were effective but sodium bicarbonate mouthwash was more significant effective as a treatment and preventive measure for oral mucositis (p=0.044) than ice cubes (p=0.022).
Applicability of electronic medical record-based clinical research in terms of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor

There has been a rapid increase in the use of the electronic medical record (EMR) system. In the present review, we evaluated the applicability of EMR data in terms of the efficacy of various 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) that are currently available. EMR systems will become more valuable for easily accessing, collecting, verifying, and analyzing data. Therefore, an EMR-based clinical pilot study can be conducted quickly prior to performing a large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT), and it can focus the clinical research before an RCT is performed. Although there are still many limitations in EMR-based clinical research, new information will be available after a large amount of data is collected in the future. EMR data can save time and labor compared with conventional clinical study data, and this is the most important advantage of conventional long-term studies; thus, these data will be advantageous to clinical researchers.
Fast Monte-Carlo Photon Transport Employing GPU-Based Parallel Computation

Monte Carlo (MC) is known to be the most accurate dose calculation method. However, MC suffers from high computational cost as a large number of particles have to be simulated to achieve the desired statistical uncertainty. Enhancing computational power by parallelizing the simulation with multiple GPU threads reduces the time required to reach the desired uncertainty in MC simulation. In this article, we present DOSXYZgpu, a GPU implementation of EGSnrc code which is written in CUDA Fortran as an algorithm. This article relies on a well validated and popular code among medical physicists, EGSnrc/DOSXYZnrc. In order to transport particles between two consecutive interactions, we developed an algorithm to handle several thousands of histories per warp. DOSXYZgpu implementation is evaluated with the original sequential EGSnrc/DOSXYZnrc. Maximum speedup of 205 times is achieved while the statistical uncertainty of the simulation is preserved. The $t$ -test statistical analysis indicates that for more than 95% of the voxels there is no significant difference between the results obtained from the GPU and the CPU.
Affective Video Content Analysis With Adaptive Fusion Recurrent Network

Affective video content analysis is an important research topic in video content analysis and has extensive applications. Intuitively, multimodal features can depict elicited emotions, and the accumulation of temporal inputs influences the viewer's emotion. Although a number of research works have been proposed for this task, the adaptive weights of modalities and the correlation of temporal inputs are still not well studied. To address these issues, a novel framework is designed to learn the weights of modalities and temporal inputs from video data. Specifically, three network layers are designed, including statistical-data layer to improve the robustness of data, temporal-adaptive-fusion layer to fuse temporal inputs, and multimodal-adaptive-fusion layer to combine multiple modalities. In particular, the feature vectors of three input modalities are respectively extracted from three pre-trained convolutional neural networks and then fed to three statistical-data layers. Then, the output vectors of these three statistical-data layers are separately connected to three recurrent layers, and the corresponding outputs are fed to a fully-connected layer which shares parameters across modalities and temporal inputs. Finally, the outputs of the fully-connected layer are fused by the temporal-adaptive-fusion layer and then combined by the multimodal-adaptive-fusion layer. To discover the correlation of both multiple modalities and temporal inputs, adaptive weights of modalities and temporal inputs are introduced into loss functions for model training, and these weights are learned by an optimization algorithm. Extensive experiments are conducted on two challenging datasets, which demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better performances than baseline and other state-of-the-art methods.
Tax Enforcement with Somewhat Honest Taxpayers

Standard compliance theory assumes that individuals evade to the extent it benefits them monetarily. However, a growing empirical literature suggests that many underlying cognitive considerations, including lying aversion, may play a non-trivial role when individuals make decisions. This study aims to analyze whether optimal audit rules that are the result of standard models survive a model with agents that are lying averse. I show the canonical cut-off audit rule where above a certain threshold no reported income is audited (introduced by Reinganum and Wilde (1986a) and further developed by Sanchez and Sobel (1993)) is not optimal in this setting. Moreover, a Bayesian incentive compatible audit probability does not need to be monotone in reported income, i.e. a higher report might be subject to a higher probability than a lower report.
An automatic grading system for electronic medical records with neural network

Automatically grading electronic medical records from clinical researchers is an important task on healthcare research. In this paper, we present a convolutional neural network framework to grade medical records by grading note. We regard the scoring process as a text pattern classification task with mapped sentences from grading concept rule to medical records. This framework involves two stages. The first stage is key medical concept matching between grading note and medical records. The second stage is text pattern classification which can predict whether the key concept in grading note is correct, missing or incorrect. The result shows that our neural network model performs better than other traditional machine learning grading methods. Our system makes a great progress for text pattern classification accuracy and performs much better baselines on grading process.
Determining the shape of reflectance reference samples for curved surface reflectors

Foils made of different materials are often used as reflective insulators. Many manufacturers aim to accurately measure their optical properties to estimate and improve their performance. However, flat reflectance reference samples used in measurements do not correctly represent reflective insulators and cause discrepancies between different measurement techniques. The current work presents a method for modelling surface shape of appropriate reflectance reference samples that could be produced by additive manufacturing. The method is based on studying the reflection distribution of reflective insulators and is described with an example of aluminium foil. The method’s performance is validated using Monte-Carlo simulations.
Importance of length of studying and attitudes toward others for life satisfaction

Introduction. Life satisfaction has been a major goal of both the individual and society since ancient times. Nevertheless, relatively little is known about which personal characteristics can affect our satisfaction with life. It may be assumed that higher levels of education, being related to better health, may also be a factor increasing one’s cognitive element of well-being i.e., life satisfaction. It is also known that satisfaction with one’s life is also related to positive attitudes towards other people. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether education is directly related to satisfaction with life or via certain attitudes. The purpose of the study is to analyze links between the length of education and satisfaction with life with regard to positive attitudes toward others using a representative sample. Methods and data. Expert-generated single-item questions were used to measure the level of satisfaction with life and attitudes towards other people. The study is based on the data (N=1127) of the Lithuanian National Science Programme “Welfare society”. Respondents were between 18 and 97 years of age (M=48). For statistical analysis correlation and simple mediation models were used. Results. The analysis of the data showed that higher levels of life satisfaction were predicted by years of completed education directly, and indirectly – through more positive attitudes towards others, while controlling for age, gender, level of income. Discussion. The study confirms previous findings that education is related to life satisfaction through more positive attitudes towards others and suggests that education impacts on life satisfaction not only as a promoter of higher income. Conclusion. Longer duration of studying (learning) is related to higher satisfaction with life and more positive attitudes towards others independently of gender, age and income.
Efficacy of Video Modelling (VM) in Developing Social Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at School in Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT Video modelling (VM) has been found to be an effective intervention in supporting the improvement of social capabilities for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examined the effectiveness using video modelling in developing two specific social skills of four students with ASD in a special boys’ school namely, playing with friends and how to greet someone at school. The multiple-baseline design across participants was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the video modelling intervention for developing social skills over a period of 18 weeks. The data collected during the study were analysed and discussed in the context of the research questions and literature on the effectiveness of video modelling interventions in developing social skills of children with ASD. The study found that video modelling was effective in developing the targeted social skills in the participating students with ASD and there was evidence that some generalisation of skills had been achieved.
Short-term exposure to high-water temperature causes a shift in the microbiome of the common aquarium sponge Lendenfeldia chondrodes

Marine sponges harbor diverse microbiomes that contribute to their energetic and metabolic needs. Although numerous studies on sponge microbial diversity exist, relatively few focused on sponge microbial community changes under different sources of environmental stress. In this study, we assess the impact of elevated seawater temperature on the microbiome of cultured Lendenfeldia chondrodes, a coral reef sponge commonly found in marine aquaria. Lendenfeldia chondrodes exhibits high thermal tolerance showing no evidence of tissue damage or bleaching at 5 °C above control water temperature (26 °C). High-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA V4 region revealed a response of the microbiome of L. chondrodes to short-term exposure to elevated seawater temperature. Shifts in abundance and richness of the dominant bacterial phyla found in the microbiome of this species, namely Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Bacteroidetes, characterized this response. The observed resilience of L. chondrodes and the responsiveness of its microbiome to short-term increases in seawater temperature suggest that this holobiont may be capable of acclimating to anthropogenic-driven sublethal environmental stress via a re-accommodation of its associated bacterial community. This sheds a new light on the potential for resilience of some sponges to increasing surface seawater temperatures and associated projected regime shifts in coral reefs.
A Solid-State Refrigeration Design and Its Analytical Model

Conventional cooling technology is a very mature technology and had been widely used in industry. However, it has many disadvantages, like environmental pollution and large space to store the device, etc. In order to solve the disadvantages and satisfy current industry requirements, many novel cooling technologies have been explored. Among them, electrocaloric cooling technology attracts a lot of attention due to its outstanding properties, where it has reversible temperature change of a polarizable material with the application of an electric field. Thus, many cooling device designs based on electrocaloric effect have been developed. However, there are two main drawbacks caused by designs to control heat transfer process. One is heat transfer fluid medium loss and the other is moving part requirements (either moving electrocaloric materials or moving fluid medium). The purpose of this thesis is for developing a new and smart heat transfer controlling method. The core design is a composite where electrocaloric layer and substrate layer are bonded together. The composite has temperature change due to electrocaloric effect with application of electric field. In the meantime, it also has converse piezoelectric effect, and thus can bend upward or downward to connect with heat source (or heat sink) for transferring heat. An analytical model is also studied and proposed by considering multi-physical effects in the composite structure, which provides a new way to explore the mechanism of solid-state cooling technology accurately. Our analytical model shows that the temperature change is a combined result from thermal, electric and mechanical field couplings, not just one coupling from electrocaloric effect, which is widely known as Indirect Method derived from Maxwell Equations. Moreover, the model clearly demonstrates that material properties, boundary conditions of the composite, electric field influence cooling performance. The rest of the thesis thoroughly studies various electrocaloric materials, substrate materials, boundary conditions, cooling composite shape. The results show a very promising way to improve cooling performance.
Farinha da Casca de Banana Madura: Uma Matéria-prima para a Indústria Alimentícia

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial da farinha da casca de banana d’agua (Musa Cavendish) obtida do processamento da industria de doces como possivel ingrediente e/ou materia-prima para a industria alimenticia pela determinacao de sua composicao centesimal, elementar, mineral e poder calorifico, como tambem do seu conteudo em compostos bioativos e capacidade antioxidante. Os resultados mostraram que a farinha apresentou relevante teor em minerais com destaque para manganes (3,6 mg 100 g-1), alem de potassio, como ja era esperado. A farinha tambem se destacou pelo conteudo de carotenoides (3085 µg 100 g-1) e compostos fenolicos (145 mg 100 g-1), os quais contribuiram para a capacidade antioxidante da mesma, uma vez que ocorreu a captura de parte dos radicais FRAP e DPPH nos ensaios in vitro. O oleo da farinha da casca de banana, o qual representa 13% da composicao da farinha, foi majoritariamente composto por acido palmitico (35%), α-linolenico (25%) e linoleico (22%). Deste modo, verifica-se que a farinha da casca de banana e um produto que oferece diversas oportunidades a industria alimenticia por sua utilizacao direta ou pelo fracionamento dos compostos de interesse por meio de tecnicas de separacao.