Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PIVAX, an online contributive lexical database for heterogeneous MT systems using a lexical pivot

PIVAX is the first online contributive lexical database system allowing to create, maintain and manage the lexical resources of MT systems using a "lexical pivot", and heterogeneous because their language-specific components are developed at different places, with different linguistic approaches and computational tools. Only the most basic languagespecific lexical information must be stored in PIVAX, so that developers can use their own tools and protect proprietary information. An API is used for synchronizing PIVAX with other databases. PIVAX is written over the generic Jibiki platform. It is an evolution of the hypertextual PARAX multilingual database, and begins to be used by a U++C1 project using UNL UWs as lexical pivot.
Charge Detection in Gate-Defined Bilayer Graphene Quantum Dots.

We report on charge detection in electrostatically-defined quantum dot devices in bilayer graphene using an integrated charge detector. The device is fabricated without any etching and features a graphite back gate, leading to high quality quantum dots. The charge detector is based on a second quantum dot separated from the first dot by depletion underneath a 150 nm wide gate. We show that Coulomb resonances in the sensing dot are sensitive to individual charging events on the nearby quantum dot. The potential change due to single electron charging causes a step-like change (up to 77 %) in the current through the charge detector. Furthermore, the charging states of a quantum dot with tunable tunneling barriers and of coupled quantum dots can be detected.
Estimating genotyping errors from genotype and reconstructed pedigree data

Genotyping errors are rules rather than exceptions in reality, and are found in virtually all but very small datasets. These errors, even when occurring at an extremely low rate, can derail many genetic analyses such as parentage/sibship assignments and linkage/association studies. Nonetheless, few robust and accurate methods are available for estimating the rate of occurrence of genotyping errors and for identifying individual erroneous genotypes at a locus. Methods based on duplicate genotyping are expensive, and estimate genotype inconsistency rather than error rate at a locus. Methods based on Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium tests have low robustness and low power, and apply only to those particular errors that cause excessive homozygosity. Methods based on pedigrees are powerful, robust and accurate. However, they rely on known and complete pedigrees that are unfortunately rarely available from natural populations in the wild. I proposed a maximum likelihood method to reconstruct pedigrees from genotype data with errors occurring at a roughly estimated (presumed) rate. In this paper, I describe how to use the method and inferred pedigree in estimating allelic dropout (or null allele) rate and false allele rate jointly at each marker locus, in identifying the erroneous genotypes, and in inferring the most likely genotypes at each locus of each individual. I examine the power, accuracy and robustness of the method by extensive simulations, and demonstrate the usefulness of the method by analysing three empirical datasets. It is concluded that, both pedigrees and the rates of genotyping errors at each locus can be reliably estimated from the same genotype data by the same likelihood method, when marker information is sufficient and some sampled individuals are first‐degree relatives. The erroneous genotypes are however inferred conservatively, and are reliably detected only when they occur in large families and/or at highly polymorphic loci. Estimation of genotyping error rates per locus and identification of erroneous genotypes of each individual at each locus should be routinely conducted to assess and improve data quality, to highlight markers for optimization of genotyping protocols or for replacement, and to enable the integration of genotyping errors in a robust statistical analysis.
Multiscale Interface Effect on Homogeneous Dielectric Structure of ZrO2/Teflon Nanocomposite for Electrowetting Application

Electrowetting-on-dielectric is a preferred option in practical applications of the electrowetting phenomenon but limited by dielectric and breakdown performances of the dielectric layer. In the present work, a ceramic/polymer nanocomposite as a novel dielectric layer is developed to intensify the overall electrowetting performances by multiscale interface effect. Hereinto, surface fluoro-modified ZrO2 nanoparticles (mZrO2) are dispersed well in AF 1600 matrix to form a mZrO2@AF 1600 nanocomposite. The small addition of mZrO2 improves the dielectric constant of the nanocomposite, and the experimental value is larger than the theoretical value calculated by Maxwell–Garnett model, but fits well with the Rahaman–Khastgir model. The molecular dynamics simulations with the explicit model further verify the interfacial effect. Meanwhile, double contact angle modulation and higher breakdown field strength (Eb) are obtained. For the three-layer sandwich structure, both the top and bottom AF 1600 layer decrease the surface roughness for better electrowetting reproducibility and wider wettability modulation. The Forlani–Minnaja theory related to the empirical relationship between Eb and thickness of dielectric layer fit well with the monolayer structure, but cannot be applied in multi-layer structures. A new relationship is proposed to guide the design of dielectric multi-layers with high breakdown field strength.
What Determines the Psychological Well-Being during Commute in Xi’an: The Role of Built Environment, Travel Attitude, and Travel Characteristics

The commute well-being (CWB) has been associated with the mental health and depends on the positive or negative emotions that occur during the daily commute. This paper analyzes the influencing factors and discusses the structural relationship between CWB and influencing factors, based on our evaluation of the results for daily CWB between different travel modes. We based our analyses on a CWB survey conducted in the central city proper of Xi’an. In contrast to previous studies, this paper investigates two commuting phases, in the morning and evening, to better analyze daily CWB. To conduct a more comprehensive analysis, in addition to considering multi-stage combined travel, the subjective and objective aspects of factors influencing CWB were deepened and expanded. The measurement was based on the Satisfaction with Travel Scale, which was developed based on a method for measuring subjective well-being. The average CWB level of each model was compared by analyzing the variances. The influencing factors were determined by stepwise regression, and the influence mechanism was analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM). The results indicate that CWB in Xi’an was highest for walking, which was followed, in order, by motorcycle, electric bicycle, staff shuttle bus, bicycle, metro, car, taxi, and bus. The result reflects that commuting by bus is associated with more negative emotions in Xi’an. The results of SEM indicate that the built environment does not directly affect CWB, but it will act on CWB by affecting other factors. The travel attitude, commute mode choice, and other travel characteristics affect each other and affect CWB directly and indirectly. Other travel characteristics has the largest total effect on CWB, and the travel attitudes have the largest direct effect. Without considering the travel attitude, reducing traffic congestion, commuting time, and transfer times can significantly improve CWB and reduce negative emotions in the future in Xi’an.
Efficiency enhancement in superconducting nanowire single photon detectors

v Introduction. 1 1. Background . 2 1.1 Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors (SNSPDs). 2 1.2 Detection response time. 4 1.3 System Detection Efficiency (SDE) . 5 1.3.1 Absorption efficiency. 5 1.3.2 Coupling efficiency. 8 1.3. 3 Coupling enhancement with plasmonic antennas . 9 1.4 SNSPD applications. 12 2. Absorption Simulations . 14 2.1 FDTD simulation . 14 2.2 Results. 16 2.2.1 SNSPDs on oxidized Si wafers. 16 2.2.2 SNSPDs on distributed Bragg reflectors. 18 2.3 Simulations summary. 19 3. Experimental . 20 3.1 Detectors . 20 3.1.1 Metal contacts . 20 3.1.2 Nanowire meanders . 23 3.1.3 Plasmon antennas. 24 3.2 Measurement setups. 27 3.2.1 Electrical read-out setup . 27 3.2.2 Optical setups. 28 3.2.2.1 Fiber coupling setup. 30 3.2.2.2 Free space coupling setup . 31 4. Results . 33 4.1 SNSPDs on DBR substrates. 33 4.1.1 Devices DBR-1 and DBR-2. 34 4.1.2 Device FC-DBR. 36 4.2 SNSPDs with integrated plasmon antennas. 39 4.2.1 Parallel grating device (1 cool down) . 39 4.2.2 Parallel grating device (2 cool down) . 44 4.2.3 Slit device. 46 4.2. 4 Bullseye device . 48 4.3 Conclusions. 51
Measurement properties of the EQ-5 D across four major geriatric conditions

Background: As populations age, chronic geriatric conditions linked to progressive organ failure jeopardize healthrelated quality of life (HRQoL). Thus, this research assessed the validity and applicability of the EQ-5D (a common HRQoL instrument) across four major chronic geriatric conditions: hearing issues, joint damage, urinary incontinence, or dizziness with falls. Methods: The study sample comprised 25,637 community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and older residing in the Netherlands (Data source: TOPICS-MDS, www.topics-mds.eu). Floor and ceiling effects were examined. To assess convergent validity, random effects meta-correlations (Spearman’s rho) were derived between individual EQ-5D domains and related survey items. To further examine construct validity, the association between sociodemographic characteristics and EQ-5D summary scores were assessed using linear mixed models. Outcomes were compared to the overall study population as well as a ‘healthy’ subgroup reporting no major chronic conditions. Results: Whereas ceiling effects were observed in the overall study population and the ‘healthy’ subgroup, such was not the case in the geriatric condition subgroups. The majority of hypotheses regarding correlations between survey items and sociodemographic associations were supported. EQ-5D summary scores were lower in respondents who were older, female, widowed/single, lower educated, and living alone. Increasing co-morbidity had a clear negative effect on EQ-5D scores. Conclusion: This study supported the construct validity of the EQ-5D across four major geriatric conditions. For older persons who are generally healthy, i.e. reporting few to no chronic conditions, the EQ-5D confers poor discriminative ability due to ceiling effects. Although the overall dataset initially suggested poor discriminative ability for the EQ-5D, such was not the case within subgroups presenting with major geriatric conditions.
Cytotoxic and antiviral nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoids from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus ochraceus Jcma1F17

Nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoids are rare in natural sources, and fungi Aspergillus species are the only sources of them. A new nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoid, 6β,9α-dihydroxy-14-p-nitrobenzoylcinnamolide (1), and a known analogue, insulicolide A (2), were isolated from extracts of the culture of marine-derived fungus Aspergillus ochraceus Jcma1F17, which was identified by morphological and ITS phylogenetic analyses. The structures were determined by NMR, MS, CD, and optical rotation analyses. Both nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoids displayed significant cytotoxicities against 10 cancer cell lines, and the new one (1) also showed antiviral activities against H3N2 and EV71. This is the first time that nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoids from A. ochraceus have been reported.
Public Service Motivation, Task, and Non-task Behavior: A Performance Appraisal Experiment with Korean MPA and MBA Students

ABSTRACT Appraisals of public employees are important for a host of reasons, and particularly so with the increasing emphasis on pay-for-performance systems and performance-based management in the public sector. However, managerial appraisals of employees can be somewhat subjective and our understanding of the appraisal process in the public sector is largely U.S.-centric. In this study, we explore whether characteristics of managers, like a rater's public service motivation (PSM), affect appraisal outcomes for their subordinates. Using a mixed experimental design, we analyze these dynamics in a non-U.S. context with MBA and MPA students enrolled in one of Korea's top universities. We find that rater PSM moderates the influence of both task and non-task behavior on an employee's performance appraisal.
Enhancing Architecture-level Security of SoC Designs via the Distributed Security IPs Deployment Methodology

The vulnerability of modern System-on-Chip (SoC) eco-industrial chain model has incurred a variety of rogue entities, such as hardware Trojans, participating in all stages of current SoC design-fabrication processes, resulting in serious security risks. To effectively address the security issues, design-for-security (DfS) technology, e.g., incorporating dedicated on-chip security assurance to facilitate the verification, test, and validation of SoCs, has become the essential strategies in design-time considerations. However, existing DfS measures are targeted at intellectual property (IP) core-level security threats and require specific design modifications to eliminate the dependencies of IP types. In particular, the heterogeneous characteristics of current SoCs and functional diversity of IP types make many IP core-level DfS solutions difficult to adapt or scale to the system level. Moreover, current DfS mechanisms act only at certain stages and thus fail to provide process-wide defense. In this paper, we propose a novel, robust security architecture (MSIPS) to enhance the security of SoCs during the test time and runtime. Unlike existing solutions for the IP core-level problems, our MSIPS also consider the architec-ture-level security threats and exploits a distributed security IPs deployment strategy to ensure trusted SoC operations with untrusted IPs. In particular, we realize fine-grained IP-protection aware security policies in MSIPS to defend against: (1) hardware Trojan attacks with multi-parameters side-channel analysis primitive; (2) SoC or hardware IP thefts with physically unclonable function (PUF) primitive; and (3) abnormal behavior monitoring and verification with anomaly security auditing primitive. We have implemented this framework on an FPGA platform. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for providing system protection against diverse attacks. As centralized low-overhead on-chip modules, security IPs reside outside the functional IPs and have the features of flexibility, scalability, and diversity.
Title Human H 7 N 9 virus induces a more pronounced pro-inflammatory cytokine but an attenuated interferon response in human bronchial epithelial cells when compared with an epidemiologically-linked chicken H 7 N 9 virus

Background: Avian influenza virus H7N9 has jumped species barrier, causing sporadic human infections since 2013. We have previously isolated an H7N9 virus from a patient, and an H7N9 virus from a chicken in a live poultry market where the patient visited during the incubation period. These two viruses were genetically highly similar. This study sought to use a human bronchial epithelial cell line model to infer the virulence of these H7N9 viruses in humans. Methods: Human bronchial epithelial cell line Calu-3 was infected with two H7N9 viruses (human H7N9-HU and chicken H7N9-CK), a human H5N1 virus and a human 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus. The infected cell lysate was collected at different time points post-infection for the determination of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α] and interleukin 6 [IL-6]), anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 10 [IL-10] and transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β]), chemokines (interleukin 8 [IL-8] and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1]), and interferons (interferon β [IFN-β] and interferon lambda 1 [IFNL1]). The viral load in the cell lysate was also measured. Results: Comparison of the human and chicken H7N9 viruses showed that H7N9-HU induced significantly higher levels of TNF-α at 12 h post-infection, and significantly higher levels of IL-8 from 12 to 48 h post-infection than those of H7N9-CK. However, the level of IFNL1 was lower for H7N9-HU than that of H7N9-CK at 48 h post-infection (P < 0.001). H7N9-HU had significantly higher viral loads than H7N9-CK at 3 and 6 h post-infection. H5N1 induced significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and MCP-1 than those of H7N9 viruses at 48 h post-infection. Conversely, H1N1 induced lower levels of TNF-α, IL-10, MCP-1, IFNL1 and IFN-β when compared with H7N9 viruses at the same time point. (Continued on next page) * Correspondence: kyyuen@hku.hk Equal contributors Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © 2016 To et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. To et al. Virology Journal (2016) 13:42 DOI 10.1186/s12985-016-0498-2
What is the uncertainty in degree day projections due to different calibration methodologies

AbstractDegree-days are a temperature index used for understanding the impact of climate change. Different methods to deal with climate model biases, termed bias correction or more generally calibration, yield different projections of such indices, something not widely understood for temperature indices in many impact sectors. An analytical expression is derived for the expected value of degree-days given parameters of the underlying statistical distribution (assumed to be Gaussian). It is demonstrated that the uncertainty introduced by calibration methodology is driven by the magnitude of the nonlinearity in this expression. In a climate where mean temperature is, and remains, far from (approximately three standard deviations) the threshold used in defining the index, the equation is approximately linear, and methodological choice makes little difference relative to the absolute number of degree-days. However, case studies for U.K. cities London and Glasgow for heating and cooling degree-days (HDD and CD.
Teaching Derivatives Concepts with Computational Techniques

This work presents a qualitative analysis about teaching Calculus I using computational software in a classroom at the interdisciplinary Science and Technology Bachelor Course from the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys. This analysis presents a study about the work that we are developing in UFVJM teaching Calculus and Physics with computational modeling techniques. The main purpose is to discuss and evaluate the challenge of teaching and learning derivatives concepts using GeoGebra.
NetSMF: Large-Scale Network Embedding as Sparse Matrix Factorization

We study the problem of large-scale network embedding, which aims to learn latent representations for network mining applications. Previous research shows that 1) popular network embedding benchmarks, such as DeepWalk, are in essence implicitly factorizing a matrix with a closed form, and 2) the explicit factorization of such matrix generates more powerful embeddings than existing methods. However, directly constructing and factorizing this matrix-which is dense-is prohibitively expensive in terms of both time and space, making it not scalable for large networks. In this work, we present the algorithm of large-scale network embedding as sparse matrix factorization (NetSMF). NetSMF leverages theories from spectral sparsification to efficiently sparsify the aforementioned dense matrix, enabling significantly improved efficiency in embedding learning. The sparsified matrix is spectrally close to the original dense one with a theoretically bounded approximation error, which helps maintain the representation power of the learned embeddings. We conduct experiments on networks of various scales and types. Results show that among both popular benchmarks and factorization based methods, NetSMF is the only method that achieves both high efficiency and effectiveness. We show that NetSMF requires only 24 hours to generate effective embeddings for a large-scale academic collaboration network with tens of millions of nodes, while it would cost DeepWalk months and is computationally infeasible for the dense matrix factorization solution. The source code of NetSMF is publicly available1.
Preoperative anxiety decrease the postoperative satisfaction in anterior dental implant surgery

Background: Anterior dental implant surgery has a deep impact on aesthetic zone, and preoperative anxiety as a common clinical presentation effect the evaluation of patients in postoperative satisfaction. It is necessary tostudy the preoperative anxiety association with the postoperative satisfaction in anterior dental implant surgery. Methods: A total of 92 patients with anterior tooth missing were included and all were over 18 years old. Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL90) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), as well as pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Self-satisfaction evaluation, were used to test the psychological status of each subject. Results: There were no significant difference. between age, relationship status or health behaviors and pain or satisfaction (all P values >0.05). Most scores of SCL90-R did not show a significant difference between national norm of Chinese and participants. Concerning to the scores of VAS of pain and self-satisfaction, significant differences in trait and state anxiety were found. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that there are correlations between SAI, TAI and anxious (SCL90R) and the VAS of pain and self-satisfaction. Conclusion: These findings indicate that there is an explicitly relevance between preoperative psychological factors and postoperative outcomes in anterior dental implant surgery. In addition, preoperative anxiety contribute to the increase of pain in anterior tooth implantation surgery rather than age and gender.
Budgetary Institutions, Fiscal Policy, and Economic Growth: the Case of Saudi Arabia

This paper investigates budgetary and fiscal institutions in Saudi Arabia during the period 1969-2014. In addition, the study examines the impact of government expenditure on non-oil private GDP per capita using Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) approach. The study finds that although the Saudi government uses a conservative oil price when estimating oil revenues, government expenditure in general, and capital expenditure in specific, is still procyclical. Also, the budget institutions index developed by Dabla-Norris et al (2010) shows that because of the limited power of the Saudi Consultative Assembly in the budgetary cycle, Saudi Arabia scored 0.42 out of 1 in the overall stage Index. On the other hand, the estimation of the long run relationship between government expenditure and GDP per capita illustrates that lagged real government consumption expenditure has a positive and significant impact on real non-oil private GDP per capita while its contemporaneous effect is found to be negative.