Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A synthetic BBB-permeable tripeptide GCF confers neuroprotection by increasing glycine in the ischemic brain

Background: We and others have previously demonstrated that glycine is neuroprotective in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. But glycine has low permeability to the blood–brain barrier (BBB). To deliver glycine into the ischemic brain to confer neuroprotection, we designed a novel glycine-containing and BBB-permeable tripeptide, the H-glycine-cysteine-phenylalanine-OH (GCF). Methods: For the synthesis of GCF, phenylalanine was included to increase the BBB permeability of the tripeptide. Cysteine was conjugated with glycine to enable the release of glycine from GCF. With the use of immunofluorescence labeling and HPLC assays, we measured the distribution and level of GCF. We used TTC labeling, LDH release, and MTT assays to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of GCF. Results: Following intravenous injection in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, GCF was intensively distributed in the ischemic neurons. Intravenous injection of GCF, but not the non-cleavable acetyl-GCF, resulted in the elevation of glycine in the ischemic brain. GCF but not acetyl-GC conferred neuroprotection in ischemic stroke animals. Conclusion: GCF protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat. In contrast to peptide drugs that exert therapeutic effect by interfering with signaling interaction, GCF acts as a BBB shuttle and prodrug to deliver glycine to confer neuroprotection, representing a novel therapeutic strategy for acute ischemic stroke.
The psychological concept of social sustainability in the workplace from the perspective of sustainable goals: A systematic review

Unlike environmental sustainability, social sustainability in the workplace is a relatively new concept that is still searching for its own definition and explanation. Therefore, in this paper, we systematically reviewed and critically evaluated recent research on this topic. In doing so, we identified important constructs that help us better define and understand the phenomenon of social sustainability in the workplace. We focused on articles from 2016 to 2022 with content related to three Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely health and wellbeing (SDG-3), gender equality (SDG-5), and decent work (SDG-8). Given the harrowing events of the past 2 years, triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic and the global impact of the war in Ukraine, we also wanted to learn whether other categories, such as security (SDG-11) and peace (SDG-16), are embedded in the concept of social sustainability at work. The articles we studied were found through EBSCOhost, specifically in the Academic Search Complete, Business Source Premier, APA PsycInfo, SocINDEX with Full Text, and GreenFILE databases. We selected 67 articles and organized them according to the four levels of research and practice in work and organizational psychology. In reviewing the literature, we identified several constructs that can be classified at four levels of interest in work and organizational psychology. At the level focused on the job/work, we identified two main topics: (i) sustainable job/work characteristics and (ii) sustainable job (re)design. At the people-focused level, we identified the following topics: (i) pro-sustainable self-system, (ii) pro-sustainable job attitudes and motivation, (iii) sustainability work environment perceptions and other mediating mechanisms, and (iv) sustainable job behavior. The organization-focused level includes (i) organizations as human systems and (ii) pro-sustainable organizational policies and practices. The last (society-focused) level is defined by two main topics: (i) understanding society as a human system and (ii) pro-social mechanisms. In the discussion, we categorized specific constructs identified within the described focus levels into the theoretical model describing the psychological concept of social sustainability in the workplace from the perspective of sustainable goals.
A Systematic Review of HeartMath© Interventions to Improve Psychological Outcomes in Individuals with Psychiatric Conditions

: Background and objectives : A systematic review was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of HeartMath, heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) intervention studies within a variety of psychiatric conditions. Design and methods: Seven databases, including Web of Knowledge, Medline, Psych Info, Cinahl, Psych articles, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and grey literature, were searched for suitable articles. Of the 1,701 citations identified, eight studies that utilised HeartMath HRVB interventions with psychiatric patients were included in the final analysis. A total of 64 patients aged 12-96 across a range of psychiatric conditions were examined in the systematic review. Results The review cautiously indicates that some groups of patients with psychiatric conditions report psychological improvement following HRVB HeartMath training. Conclusions These studies provide some evidence that HeartMath, HRVB interventions are promising in supporting beneficial outcomes for individuals with psychiatric conditions. The review points to future directions for HRVB interventions using the HeartMath technology.
Input Device Adequacy for Multimodal and Bimanual Object Manipulation in Virtual Environments

: This article describes a benchmark for evaluating adequacy of input devices for bimanual direct interaction techniques typically found in VR/AR applications. The benchmark implements a puzzle-like scenario inspired from shape and color sorting games, in which the user manipulates the position, rotation and scale of 3D spheres. The continuous interactions are combined with multimodal state-change actions using either a button or speech interface. A follow-up usability study utilizes the benchmark to evaluate the performance of one professional and one consumer-grade tracking system for both state-changing interfaces. The results reveal similar adequacy for both tracking systems under both multimodal conditions.
RAS-SIGHT FINAL REPORT: Teaching English through Conversational Robotic Agents

Teaching with robots is a developing ﬁeld, wherein one major challenge is creating lesson plans to be taught by a robot. We introduce a novel strategy for generating lesson material, in which we draw upon an existing corpus of electronic lesson material and develop a mapping from the original material to the robot lesson, thereby greatly reducing the time and e ﬀ ort required to create robot lessons. We present a system, KubiLingo, in which we implement content mapping for language lessons. With permission, we use Duolingo as the source of our content. In a study with 24 users, we demonstrate that user performance improves by a statistically similar amount with a robot lesson as with Duolingo lesson. We ﬁnd that KubiLingo is more distracting and less likeable than Duolingo, indicating the need for improvements to the robot’s design.
Effective Mode of Learning Cartonization: White-box Cartoon
Representations

Cartoon, a renowned art form has different forms of application in various scenarios. In essence, different cartoon styles and use cases, demand prior knowledge to develop a usable algorithm or they have certain assumptions that needs to developed which cater to a particular task. The present paper’s objective is to determine an impactful approach towards image cartoonization, by developing an efficient and effective mode of such learning. The author proposes to identify three white-box representations from images individually, namely, the surface representation that covers a smooth surface of cartoon images, the structure representation that observes the sparse color-blocks and the texture representation which observes high- frequency texture, contours, details in cartoon images. The objectives of the proposed method are separately based on each extracted representations, that applies a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework to understand the extracted representations and cartoonize images, which further enables the framework to be under control and adjustable at the convenience of the author. The present approach aspires to benefit the requirements of an artist that deals in several cases and has various style requirements. The author has conducted analytical and doctrinal studies, coupled with bibliometric research, that covers both quantitative analysis and qualitative comparisons, accompanied with the empirical study that have been present in several research papers, related to the subject have been thoroughly analyzed by the researcher to add something to existing knowledge on White box Cartoon Representations. Lastly, it is observed that the ablation study carried out shall showcase an influence of each component in the framework suggested by the author.
neuronal excitation in distinct cell populations

8 9 Social behaviors are essential for survival and reproduction and vary strongly among individuals, species, 10 and heritable brain diseases. The molecular and cellular bases of this variation are poorly resolved, and 11 discovering them is necessary to understand how neural circuit and behavioral functions—and 12 dysfunctions—vary in social contexts. Here we integrate single nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) with 13 comparative genomics and automated behavior analysis to investigate the neurobiology of castle-building, a 14 recently-evolved social, spatial, goal-directed, and repetitive construction behavior in Lake Malawi cichlid 15 fishes. We simultaneously control for and analyze two biological variables correlated with castle-building behavior: quivering, a courtship “dance” behavior, and relative gonadal mass. We find signatures of building-, 17 quivering-, and gonadal-associated neuronal excitation, gene expression, and neurogenesis in distinct cell 18 populations. Converging lines of evidence support the involvement of estrogen, TrkB, and CCK signaling 19 systems, and specific pallial excitatory neuronal subpopulations, in castle-building behavior. We show 20 additional evidence that castle-building has evolved in part through genomic divergence in a gene module 21 that is selectively expressed in stem-like quiescent radial glial cells (RGCs) lining the ventricular zone of the 22 pallium. This RGC subpopulation exhibits signatures of a building-associated departure from quiescence, 23 which in turn is associated with neuronal rebalancing in the putative fish homologue of the hippocampus. Our 24 work supports an unexpected role for glia and neurogenesis in the evolution of social behavior, and more 25 broadly shows how snRNA-seq can be used to systematically profile the cellular bases of previously unstudied social behaviors in new species systems.
An Analysis of Content Gaps Versus User Needs in the Wikidata Knowledge Graph

Content gaps in knowledge graphs impact downstream applications. Semantic Web researchers have studied them mainly in relation to data quality or ontology evaluation, for instance by proposing frameworks to capture various quality dimensions or methods to assess these dimensions, such as completeness, accuracy, or consistency. Less work has been done in framing these gaps in the context of user needs. This limits our ability to design processes and tools to help knowledge engineers tackle such gaps eﬀectively. We propose a framework that: (i) captures core types of content gaps, informed by a literature review on peer-production systems; and, in the areas with such gaps, (ii) quantitatively compares the imbalances in the work on the knowledge graph with the imbalances in users’ information needs to clarify the origin of the gaps. We operationalize the framework with gender, recency, geographic, and socio-economic gaps, and apply it to Wikidata by comparing edit metrics with Wikipedia pageviews between 2018 and 2021. We did not ﬁnd gender or recency gaps endogenous to Wikidata’s production. Only exceptionally, Wikidata editors work on under-represented entities (e.g. people from countries with lower Human Development Index) less than they should according to the volume of requests. We hope this study will provide a foundation for knowledge engineers to explore the causes of content gaps and address them if and when needed.
Total Recall via Keyqueries: A Case Study for Systematic Reviews

Researchers conduct systematic reviews to gain and build a comprehensive un-derstanding of a studied (cid:28)eld. During the screening of documents, researchers aim for total recall to ensure that all relevant documents are covered in their systematic review. Creating a systematic review is time-consuming and can take several years. Systems for technology-assisted systematic reviews incorpo-rate user feedback, whether a document was relevant or not, to learn presenting more yet unknown potential relevant documents. We propose a system that automatically creates so-called keyqueries which rank the known relevant documents in the top results of a reference search engine. This keyquery approach is motivated by research on related work search, where keyqueries retrieve additional related work for a given set of documents. Therefore, we construct keyqueries for the documents labeled as relevant in the systematic review to identify new, potentially relevant documents. We compare our keyquery-based approach with four classical machine-learning approaches and the state-of-the-art approach on three simulated systematic reviews with biological research topics. The Evaluation shows that our keyquery-based approach outperforms our implementation of logistic regression and decision table, and is comparable to a random forest approach. The state-of-the-art and our naive Bayes approach both outperform our keyquery-based approach.
Building Coherence in a Self-Managed Team: The Development of LEGO Mindstorms

This study attempts to understand how members of a self-managed team made sense of their complex environment, characterized by frequent surprising and potentially threatening events. The authors develop an interpretive case study that draws on narrative and metaphor analysis in order to understand how the LEGO Mindstorms development team responded to critical and surprising incidents during its existence. In facing each of three critical incidents the team appeared to become more coherent, which improved its subsequent ability to act quickly and effectively in its complex environment. By examining the team’s actions, the authors derive three interrelated propositions that appear to lead to coherence in times of crisis: develop a shared sense of the team’s changing identity, come together face to face, and develop and follow simple guiding principles.
Physical Therapists Are Routinely Performing the Requisite Skills to Directly Refer for Musculoskeletal Imaging: An Observational Study

ABSTRACT Objectives To explore if physical therapists are practicing skills necessary to refer patients for musculoskeletal imaging. Methods An expert panel established a list of nine requisite skills to refer for musculoskeletal imaging. A blinded expert panel validated the list using a 5-point Likert scale. The skills list was examined via an electronic survey distributed to United States physical therapists. Results 4,796 respondents were included. Each of the nine skills were routinely performed by a majority of the respondents (range: 54.52–94.72%). Respondents routinely performed 6.95 (± 0.06) skills, with 67.41% routinely performing seven or more skills. Doctors of physical therapy routinely performed more imaging skills (7.15 ± 0.06) compared to their masters- (6.44 ± 0.19) and bachelors-trained (5.95 ± 0.21) counterparts (p < 0.001). Residency/fellowship-trained physical therapists were more likely to routinely perform more imaging skills (7.60 ± 0.11 vs. 6.79 ± 0.07, p < 0.001). Imaging skill performance was greater among board-certified physical therapists (7.39 ± 0.09 vs. 6.71 ± 0.08, p < 0.001) and APTA members (7.06 ± 0.07 vs. 6.65 ± 0.12, p < 0.001). Conclusion Physical therapists are routinely practicing the requisite imaging skills to directly refer to a radiologist for musculoskeletal imaging.
Identifying the behavior change techniques used in obesity interventions: An example from the EARLY trials

The dissemination of effective obesity interventions requires the documentation of key elements of the intervention. But outcome papers and other published manuscripts often lack detail that allow the replication of the intervention. The Behavior Change Technique (BCT) Taxonomy (BCTTv1) is a widely used approach to identify key elements of an intervention study. This study compares the extent to which BCTs and domains identified in studies' intervention protocol are concordant with detail from corresponding intervention design and study outcome papers.
Information System Audit Using COBIT and ITIL Framework: Literature Review

Improved IT performance drives business growth, enhances competitive advantage, and enables strategic improvements in IT management and governance. This condition is increasingly important because business organizations and systems and technology are increasingly complex. In the application and use of technology, information technology audits require a framework based on principles that drive the desired behavior. In writing this literature review, the information technology audit method used is ITIL, and COBIT as guidelines for corporate information technology governance and audit processes. In its use, the ITIL framework is designed to ensure a flexible, coordinated and integrated system for the effective governance and management of IT services. While the COBIT framework is designed from a number of components that function to adjust, maintain, and shape system governance. To conduct an information system audit, the authors need to pay attention to things that can affect IT performance. This study produces a model to determine the factors that affect the Information System Audit. Researchers conducted a literature review from various sources that discussed Information System Auditing Using the COBIT and ITIL Frameworks which were collected from some of the literature found. Several factors that influence the Information System Audit are Design Factors, Knowledge Worker factors, Operational factors, Risk Assessment Factors, and Gather Evidence Factors. The author also conducted a systematic mapping study to find research gaps, namely the method of mapping the relationship between research topics and how much research has covered each topic and the relationship between topics.
Simulation and Control of Biped Walking Robots

This PhD thesis covers simulation and control of biped walking robots. Simulations and experiments were performed with the robots Johnnie and Lola developed at the Institute of Applied Mechanics, Technische Universitat Munchen, Germany. The chapter on modeling and simulation describes the approach to simulating the rigid multibody dynamics. It includes specialized models for simulating drive friction, nonlinear drive kinematics and the unilateral ground contact. Component models, contact and differential equation solvers are combined to a family of robot simulations with varying modeling depth and computational cost. The thesis also presents a hierarchical system for real-time walking control. Novel aspects include a trajectory generator based on spline collocation and a stabilizing controller based on hybrid position/force control. Lola’s redundant toe and pelvis joints are used to reduce joint speeds and avoid joint limits. All methods were verified on both robots in walking experiments and simulations. In experiments Lola reached a maximum walking speed of 3.34 km/h. using a computer vision system developed at the Institute of Autonomous Systems Technology at the Universitat der Bundeswehr in Munich, Germany, Lola is also capable of safely exploring previously unknown environments.
Gender, race/skin colour and incidence of hypertension in ELSA-Brasil: an intersectional approach

ABSTRACT Objective Race and gender inequities in the incidence of hypertension (HTN) are well documented; however, few empirical investigations looked into these associations, considering the synergies and heterogeneous experiences of intersectional gender and race/skin colour groups. This study investigated the association of intersectional identities defined by gender and race/skin colour with HTN incidence, and verified whether they are affected by educational level in adulthood. Design We used the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) data to estimate the incidence of HTN between visits 1 (2008–2010) and 2 (2012–2014), in 8528 participants without hypertension at visit 1. HTN was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or use of antihypertensive drugs. Generalized linear models with Poisson distribution and log link function were used to assess the associations. Results The incidence of HTN was 43.4/1000 person-years, ranging from 30.5/1000 in White women to 59.4/1000 in Black men. After adjusting by age and family history of HTN, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) was higher in Black men (2.25; 95%CI: 1.65–3.08), Brown (Pardo) men (1.89; 95%CI: 1.59–2.25), Black women (1.85; 95%CI: 1.50–2.30), Brown (Parda) women (1.47; 95%CI: 1.31–1.67) and White men (1.76; 95%CI: 1.49–2.08), compared to White women. These associations were maintained even after considering socioeconomic, behavioural and health mediators in the model. No interaction was found between education level and intersectional identities in the IRRs observed. Conclusion By using an intersectional approach, we showed the complex relations between race/skin colour and gender inequities in the incidence of HTN, pointing not only that Black men have the highest risk of developing HTN, but also that the risk of HTN is greater in Black women than in White men, when compared to White women.
Child–parent relationship during the Wuhan COVID‐19 lockdown: Role of changes in preschool children's daily routines

Abstract Objective We examined the impact of the strict lockdown on 130 preschool‐age children's daily routines and how their routine changes from pre‐lockdown were related to child–parent relationship quality during the lockdown. Background To contain the spread of the COVID‐19, the city of Wuhan underwent a strict 76‐day lockdown, during which children's routines were drastically altered, yet families did not have a frame of reference to use to determine how changes in children's routines would be related to their family dynamics. Method Parents provided survey data on the amount of time their children spent daily on learning, screen devices, play and exercise, and nighttime sleep before, during, and after the lockdown. The also described general family functioning, child–parent closeness, and child–parent conflict during the lockdown. Results The lockdown led to changes in all four routines, but all returned to pre‐lockdown level after the lockdown was lifted. Regression analyses showed that decrease in play and exercise time was related to less child–parent closeness, and decrease in learning time and increase in nighttime sleep time were related to more child–parent conflict. Conclusion Findings suggested changes in the children's play and exercise time, learning time, and nighttime sleep time were related to negative child–parent relationship (i.e., less closeness or more conflict), but favorable general functioning was a protective factor. Implications Our study highlighted family resilience in restoring the children's routines after the lockdown, as well as family vulnerability during the lockdown, as changes in three of the four routines examined were linked to negative child–parent relationship.