Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Ordering Policy of a Risk-Averse Retailer Subject to Inventory Inaccuracy

Inventory inaccuracy refers to the discrepancy between the actual inventory and the recorded inventory information. Inventory inaccuracy is prevalent in retail stores. It may result in a higher inventory level or poor customer service. Earlier studies of inventory inaccuracy have traditionally assumed risk-neutral retailers whose objective is to maximize expected profits. We investigate a risk-averse retailer within a newsvendor framework. The risk aversion attitude is measured by conditional-value-at-risk (CVaR). We consider inventory inaccuracy stemming both from permanent shrinkage and temporary shrinkage. Two scenarios of reducing inventory shrinkage are presented. In the first scenario, the retailer conducts physical inventory audits to identify the discrepancy. In the second scenario, the retailer deploys an automatic tracking technology, radiofrequency identification (RFID), to reduce inventory shrinkage. With the CVaR criterion, we propose optimal policies for the two scenarios. We show monotonicity between the retailer’s ordering policy and his risk aversion degree. A numerical analysis provides managerial insights for risk-averse retailers considering investing in RFID technology.
A framework for cognitive studies of scientific discovery

Over the past 40 years or so, an extensive body of knowledge about the "cognition of discovery" has emerged. For most of this period, the work was based in the psychology laboratory, using ordinary subjects working on simplified (but not always simple) problems that represented one or another important aspects of the discovery process. Only a handful of these studies ‐ some of the best of which will be described at this workshop ‐ have looked at real scientists making real discoveries in the real world. Nevertheless, as the in vitro studies have become increasingly complicated ‐ progressing from simple concept formation (Bruner, Goodnow, & Austin, 1956) and rule induction studies (Wason, 1960) to difficult and complex "discovery microworlds” ( 1993; Schunn & Klahr, 1992) -- they have provided us with important insights, findings, and conceptual frameworks for better understanding the cognitive processes that support discovery and invention. Although the aim of the present workshop is to push the envelope of complexity and reality of cognitive studies of science and technology, a structured review of the in vitro studies may help to understand the distinct components of human cognition involved in scientific discovery. My aim in this presentation is to offer such a framework, based in part on my own laboratory research, but also incorporating a wide range of studies of the process of scientific reasoning in both adults and children. Laboratory investigations of scientific reasoning can be classified along two dimensions: one representing the degree of domain-specificity or domain-generality, and the other representing the type of processes involved. Table 1 depicts this characterization of the field 1 . The two rows
WATSON : a gateway for the semantic web Conference or Workshop Item

As the Semantic Web is gaining momentum, more and more semantic data is available online. The second generation of Semantic Web applications already exploit this phenomenon by relying on this huge amount of semantic content. Looking at the requirements of these applications, we show that there is a need for an efficient access point to the Semantic Web, designed to take into account the semantic nature of the knowledge available online. However, because they rely on “classical Web” techniques, existing solutions fail to fulfill this need. In this paper, we describe the design of Watson, a gateway for the Semantic Web, which has been guided by the requirements of Semantic Web applications and by lessons learnt from previous systems. We show how Watson exploits the strengths of semantic technologies to provide fundamental functionalities for a more suitable access to online knowledge. We also report on using these functionalities to analyze some of the characteristics of the content of the Semantic Web.
A REVIEW OF RECENT PHASE TRANSITION SIMULATION METHODS: TRANSITION PATH SEARCH

In this paper, we give a review of recent transition path search methods for nanoscale phase transition simulation A potential energy surface (PES) characterizes detailed information about phase transitions where the transition path is related to a minimum energy path on the PES. The minimum energy path connects reactant to product via saddle point(s) on the PES. Once the minimum energy path is generated, the activation energy required for transitions can be determined. Using transition state theory, one can estimate the rate constant of the transition. The rate constant is critical to accurately simulate the transition process with sampling algorithms such as kinetic Monte Carlo.
Real Police and Fictional Police: A Study of Public Perceptions Through Online Commentaries

Contemporary police scholars have argued that it is important to study “how representations of the police and policing are produced and received” (Loader, 1997: 5) and what social meanings are created by them. Police scholars have claimed that police television series produce media images which frame social relations, and social relations, in turn, frame media images (Clarke, 1983, 1992; Lassiter, 1996; Leishman and Mason, 2003: 126, 134–138; Reiner, 2008: 315, 317, 2010: 178). Given that there is no common name for these theoretical assumptions, this paper proposes to use ‘feedback loop theory’ to unite these assumptions into a common framework. In addition to analysing the content of police shows, scholars have recently begun to focus on the stage of production (Colbran, 2014; Lam, 2013) and the stage of reception (Cummins et al., 2014; De Bruin, 2011; Dowler et al., 2006; McClean, 2011). The purpose of this study is to add empirically to reception studies and to test the feedback loop theory by analysing how people discussing fictional police dramas refer to the actual police and police-related issues. I answer these questions by carrying out a content analysis of popular Russian-language internet discussion forums where internet users review Russia’s most famous police show Glukhar’ (2008-2011). The paper shows that this police procedural frames what ordinary citizens and the police chiefs expect from the police, and thus the results of the study illustrate the feedback loop theory
L-functions for symplectic groups

On construit des integrales globales de type de Shimura, qui representent la fonction L standard (partielle) L S (π ⊗ σ, s) pour une representation π ⊗ σ, irreductible automorphe, cuspidale et generique de Sp 2n (A) × GL k (A). On presente deux constructions differentes: une pour le cas n > k, et une pour le cas n ≤ k, Ces constructions sont, dans un certain sens, duales l'une de l'autre. On etudie de meme le cas (tout a fait analogue) ou π est une representation du groupe metaplectique S p2n (A). Ici, on doit d'abord fixer le choix d'un caractere additif et non trivial ψ, pour lefinir la fonction L. L S ψ (π ⊗ σ, s). Les integrales dependent d'une forme cuspidale de π, d'une serie theta sur S P2 (A) ( = min(n, k)) et d'une serie d'Eisenstein sur S P2k (A) (on S P2k (A) induite par σ.
The Eight Epochs of Math as regards past and future Matrix Computation

This paper gives a personal assessment of Epoch making advances in Matrix Computations from antiquity and with an eye towards tomorrow. We trace the development of number systems and elementary algebra, and the uses of Gaussian Elimination methods from around 2000 BC on to current real-time Neural Network computations to solve time-varying linear equations. We include relevant advances from China from the 3rd century AD on, and from India and Persia in the 9th century and discuss the conceptual genesis of vectors and matrices in central Europe and Japan in the 14th through 17th centuries AD. Followed by the 150 year cul-de-sac of polynomial root finder research for matrix eigenvalues, as well as the superbly useful matrix iterative methods and Francis' eigenvalue Algorithm from last century. Then we explain the recent use of initial value problem solvers to master time-varying linear and nonlinear matrix equations via Neural Networks. We end with a short outlook upon new hardware schemes with multilevel processors that go beyond the 0-1 base 2 framework which all of our past and current electronic computers have been using.
ORGANOSILICON POLYMERS AND THE POLYMERS PREPARED THEREBY

The method of dripping an alkyl silicate into a mixture of an aqueous hydrochloric acid which contains at least 5 weight percent hydrogen chloride and a trialkylsilane or a disiloxane at a temperature of from 0 to 90° C. is a highly reproducible method for producing a three-di mensional structure of monofunctional siloxane units and tetrafunctional siloxane units. The organosilicon polymers produced are useful as tack agents, coating agents, and as additives in other compositions.
Nesting of the Yellow-Breasted Warbling-Antbird (Hypocnemis subflava) With Notes On the Nesting Biology of the Hypocnemis cantator Complex

Abstract We provide the first detailed nesting biology information for the Yellow-breasted Warbling-Antbird (Hypocnemis subflava), a member of the recently split Warbling Antbird complex. We found seven pouch-shaped nests with two eggs or nestlings within Manu National Park, SE Peru. Long incubation sessions (93.7 ± 7.78 minutes, range = 4–480 minutes, n = 18 days) were untaken by both parents and high diurnal nest attentiveness (% of time on the nest) averaged 85.8 ± 1.4% (n = 16) as a result of taking fewer short foraging trips (6.3 ± 0.6 trips/day, range = 3–11; n = 14) that lasted 16.19 ± 1.78 min (range = 1–91; n = 18). Incubation behavior produced an average inner nest temperature of 32.3 ± 0.24 °C (n = 15 days) and average egg temperature of 36.4 ± 0.09 °C (n = 3). Individual nests at different elevations exhibit differences in incubation behavior. The nestling period was 11 days (n = 1) and both parents brooded and fed the nestlings. Nest shape, location, and composition were similar to other species in the complex, but egg coloration was variable among species.
Construction automatique de résumés : Une approche dynamique : Résumé automatique de textes

La plupart des systemes de resume automatique produisent comme resultat une entite independante du texte source presumee avoir un sens en soi-meme. Cette approche dans laquelle l'utilisateur fournit un texte et recoit un resume, restreint la qualite du resultat au processus de construction du resume. Ces systemes concentrent en general leurs efforts sur la cohesion et la coherence textuelles et donnent peu d'importance aux modes de representation visuelle du resultat. Notre approche vise la production d'un resume dynamique. Selon notre conception un resume automatique ne constitue pas un texte unique fixe mais un objet multidimensionnel compose d'informations jugees saillantes, fonction d'un profil de filtrage, de liens qui permettent une synchronisation automatique avec le texte source et d'operations de visualisation et navigation textuelles.
Policy Decomposition for Evaluation Performance Improvement of PDP

In conventional centralized authorization models, the evaluation performance of policy decision point (PDP) decreases obviously with the growing numbers of rules embodied in a policy. Aiming to improve the evaluation performance of PDP, a distributed policy evaluation engine called XDPEE is presented. In this engine, the unicity of PDP in the centralized authorization model is changed by increasing the number of PDPs. A policy should be decomposed into multiple subpolicies each with fewer rules by using a decomposition method, which can have the advantage of balancing the cost of subpolicies deployed to each PDP. Policy decomposition is the key problem of the evaluation performance improvement of PDPs. A greedy algorithm with time complexity for policy decomposition is constructed. In experiments, the policy of the LMS, VMS, and ASMS in real applications is decomposed separately into multiple subpolicies based on the greedy algorithm. Policy decomposition guarantees that the cost of subpolicies deployed to each PDP is equal or approximately equal. Experimental results show that (1) the method of policy decomposition improves the evaluation performance of PDPs effectively and that (2) the evaluation time of PDPs reduces with the growing numbers of PDPs.
Validation and Application of Empirical Liquefaction Models

Empirical liquefaction models (ELMs) are the standard approach for predicting the occurrence of soil liquefaction. These models are typically based on in situ index tests, such as the standard penetration test (SPT) and cone penetration test (CPT), and are broadly classified as deterministic and probabilistic models. No objective and quantitative comparison of these models have been published. Similarly, no rigorous procedure has been published for choosing the threshold required for probabilistic models. This paper provides (1) a quantitative comparison of the predictive performance of ELMs; (2) a reproducible method for choosing the threshold that is needed to apply the probabilistic ELMs; and (3) an alternative deterministic and probabilistic ELM based on the machine learning algorithm, known as support vector machine (SVM). Deterministic and probabilistic ELMs have been developed for SPT and CPT data. For deterministic ELMs, we compare the “simplified procedure,” the Bayesian updating method, and the .
ENHANCED MATHEMATICS LEARNING: DOES TECHNOLOGY MAKE A DIFFERENCE?

This paper investigates the effectiveness of technology-based instruction in secondary mathematics, by comparing students' achievements resulting from technology-rich assignments with those achievements resulting from equivalent assignments presented in traditional format. In addition, the development of the technology-rich assignments, from traditional paper-based instruction and within existing curricula, provides an example of the relative ease of integrating technology into the curriculum. Within the context of mathematics, issues of attitude towards computers, motivation and gender differences are examined. Background Since educational computing today is still in the formative stages (Kaput, 1992; Joiner, 1996), its final impact on the structure of education cannot be completely extrapolated from current experimentation. Clearly there is a need for further research, so that bounds can be established as the field matures. Although there are a number of studies comparing the effectiveness of traditional instruction with computer-based instruction (for example McCoy, 1991; Morrell, 1992; Stick, 1997), none have been sighted that are specific to the area of Australian secondary mathematics. The honours thesis reported here (Dix, 1998) is therefore potentially important and of particular relevance in that it responds to the void of qualitative and quantitative data in this domain.
Influence of Battery Parametric Uncertainties on the State-of-Charge Estimation of Lithium Titanate Oxide-Based Batteries

State of charge (SOC) is one of the most important parameters in battery management systems, as it indicates the available battery capacity at every moment. There are numerous battery model-based methods used for SOC estimation, the accuracy of which depends on the accuracy of the model considered to describe the battery dynamics. The SOC estimation method proposed in this paper is based on an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and nonlinear battery model which was parameterized using extended laboratory tests performed on several 13 Ah lithium titanate oxide (LTO)-based lithium-ion batteries. The developed SOC estimation algorithm was successfully verified for a step discharge profile at five different temperatures and considering various initial SOC initialization values, showing a maximum SOC estimation error of 1.16% and a maximum voltage estimation error of 44 mV. Furthermore, by carrying out a sensitivity analysis it was showed that the SOC and voltage estimation error are only slightly dependent on the variation of the battery model parameters with the SOC.
Spatial Concentration in the U.S. Auto Supplier Industry

This paper investigates the spatial characteristics of auto supplier plant locations in the U.S. in light of the industry's adoption of just-in-time manufacturing methods. The issue of agglomeration is investigated for 3,137 independent supplier plants that were in operation during 1997. The industry is found to be highly spatially concentrated, with Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee representing the preferred location choice of independent auto supplier plants. Within that region, however, domestic and Japanese suppliers concentrate in the northern and southern half, respectively. Each group tends to locate closer to assembly plants of the same nationality.
Familial and individual reasons for student dropout: Schools’ perception

The main objective of the research was to identify individual and familial factors students cite as the reasons for dropping out of school or being at the risk of doing so. We interviewed a total of twelve students who dropped out of school or are at the risk of dropping out of primary (six students) or secondary school (six students) and four parents. A semi-structured interview was used. We singled out four categories of students, determined by their perception of the reasons for dropping out of school. Those categories included: underage pregnancy, assuming a parental role, problematic behaviour (thefts, fights) and weak motivation for school and learning. It seems justified to look for a typology of dropout cases since each of the selected groups of students requires specific preventive measures in order to secure continuation of their education. Furthermore, research has shown that, when it comes to their children dropping out of school, parents tend to blame the child’s character traits they deem unchangeable. The failure of school staff to help the child further encourages this belief in parents.
Human Capital Mobility: Implications for Efficiency, Income Distribution, and Policy

Mobility of highly-skilled workers affects and is affected by labor market conditions, taxes, and other policies. This paper documents the demographic and fiscal importance of international migration, especially in aging societies, reviews the efficiency and distributional effects of mobility, and analyzes the economic incidence of fiscal transfers to low-skilled workers that are financed by taxes on imperfectly-mobile high-skilled workers in a dynamic model, distinguishing the short-run, transitional, and long-run gains and losses to contributors and beneficiaries.
SMASHing the LMC: A Tidally Induced Warp in the Outer LMC and a Large-scale Reddening Map

We present a study of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using ∼2.2 million red clump (RC) stars selected from the Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History. To correct for line-of-sight dust extinction, the intrinsic RC color and magnitude and their radial dependence are carefully measured by using internal nearly dust-free regions. These are then used to construct an accurate 2D reddening map (165 deg2 area with ∼10′ resolution) of the LMC disk and the 3D spatial distribution of RC stars. An inclined disk model is fit to the 2D distance map, yielding a best-fit inclination angle degrees with random errors of ±0. °19 and line-of-nodes position angle degrees with random errors of ±0. °49. These angles vary with galactic radius, indicating that the LMC disk is warped and twisted likely due to the repeated tidal interactions with the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). For the first time, our data reveal a significant warp in the southwestern part of the outer disk starting at ρ ∼ 7° that departs from the defined LMC plane up to ∼4 kpc toward the SMC, suggesting that it originated from a strong interaction with the SMC. In addition, the inner disk encompassing the off-centered bar appears to be tilted up to 5°–15° relative to the rest of the LMC disk. These findings on the outer warp and the tilted bar are consistent with the predictions from the Besla et al. simulation of a recent direct collision with the SMC.
An electro-mechanical bioreactor providing physiological cardiac stimuli

In cardiac tissue engineering it has been widely demonstrated the fundamental role of physical stimuli in improving structural and functional properties of the engineered cardiac constructs. An electro-mechanical bioreactor has been designed and developed to provide physiological uniaxial stretching and electrical stimuli for inducing functional differentiation and promoting morphological and structural maturation of cultured cardiac constructs obtained from stem cell-seeded scaffolds. The bioreactor is composed of: a transparent and sterilizable culture chamber for housing four cell-seeded scaffolds and the culture medium (working volume = 70 ml); a mechanical stimulation system, with a dedicated grasping system, to provide cyclic stretching (strain up to 20%, cycling frequency up to 2 Hz); an electrical stimulation system to provide electrical monophasic square pulses (1-6 V/cm, 0.25-10 ms, 1-5 Hz); a recirculation system for the automated medium change; a control system for data acquisition and mechanical stimulation. Preliminary in-house tests confirmed the suitability and the performances of the bioreactor as regards fittingness of chamber isolation, grasping system, and physical stimulation systems. Cell culture tests are in progress for investigating the influence of stretching and electrical stimuli on development of engineered cardiac constructs. Due to its high versatility, this bioreactor is a multipurpose adaptable system for dynamic culture of cell-seeded scaffolds for tissue engineering research and applications
Decision Making Support Mechanism of Portfolio Selection in Multiple Period Consumption and Investment Model

In this study, we analyze the portfolio selection in multiple period consumption and investment model that constructs an artificial market. In the model, there exist non-risk assets and risk assets in the market. Each agent determines redistribution of present property for maximizing the expected utility of consumption based on own judgment. Rational actions of investors who take part in the market are virtually realized on a computer by applying reinforcement learning to agents. Moreover, we propose a decision making support mechanism of portfolio selection by using reinforcement learning.
Representing, Detecting, and Profiling Paths in Hardware

For aggressive path-based optimizations to be profitable in cost-senstive environments, accurate path profiles must be available at low overheads. In this paper, we propose a low-overhead, programmable hardware path profiling scheme that can be configured to (1) detect a variety of paths including acyclic, intraprocedural paths, extended paths and sub-paths for the Whole Program Path and (2) track one of the many architectural metrics along paths. The profiler consists of a \textit{path stack} that detects paths using branch information from the processor pipeline and a Hot Path Table that records the path profile during program execution. Our experiments using programs from the SPECCPU 2000 benchmark suite show that the path profiler occupying 7KB of hardware real-estate collects accurate path profiles at negligible overheads (0.6% on average). The availability of path information in hardware also opens up interesting possibilites for architectural optimizations. As an illustration of the potential benefits, we present an online phase detection scheme that detects changes in program behavior with an accuracy of 94%, substantially higher than all existing schemes.