Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Facial Geometry Algorithm for facial feature Extraction and Expression Recognition using ANFIS and BPNN

An Intelligent Biometrics systems aims at localizing and detecting human faces from supplied images so that further recognition of persons and their facial expression recognition will be easy. The area of human-computer interaction (HCI) will be much more effective if a computer is able to recognize the emotional state of human being. Emotional states have a greater effect on the face which can tell about mood of a person. So if we can recognize facial expressions, we will know something about the human’s emotions and mood. This paper focuses on the novel Hybrid Facial Geometry Algorithm (HFGA) and comparative analysis of Facial Geometry algorithm and HFGA for facial feature extraction and its use to classify facial expressions. Feed forward back propagation neural network (BPNN) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) are used as classifiers for expression classification and recognition. Experimentations are carried out using Japanese Female Facial Expression (JAFFE) database. Experimental results shows that average recognition efficiency from 95.33% to 93.33% is achieved for 30 to 75 test samples using BPNN and 95.71% to 95.33% with ANFIS approach.
Cautionary note on calculating standardized effect size (SES) in randomization test

In community ecology, randomization tests with problem specific test statistics (e.g., nestedness, functional diversity, etc.) are often applied. Researchers in such studies may want not only to detect the significant departure from randomness, but also to measure the effect size (i.e., the magnitude of this departure). Measuring the effect size is necessary, for instance, when the roles of different assembly forces (e.g., environmental filtering, competition) are compared among sites. The standard method is to calculate standardized effect size (SES), i.e., to compute the departure from the mean of random communities divided by their standard deviations. Standardized effect size is a useful measure if the test statistic (e.g., nestedness index, phylogenetic or functional diversity) in the random communities follows a symmetric distribution. In this paper, I would like to call attention to the fact that SES may give us misleading information if the distribution is asymmetric (skewed). For symmetric distribution median and mean values are equal (i.e., SES = 0 indicates p = 0.5). However, this condition does not hold for skewed distributions. For symmetric distributions departure from the mean shows the extremity of the value, regardless of the sign of departure, while in asymmetric distributions the same deviation can be highly probable and extremely improbable, depending on its sign. To avoid these problems, I recommend checking symmetry of null-distribution before calculating the SES value. If the distribution is skewed, I recommend either log-transformation of the test statistic, or using probit-transformed p-value as effect size measure.
Title NATURE OF INTERLAYER MATERIAL IN SILICATE CLAYS OF SELECTED OREGON SOILS Redacted for Privacy

A study was conducted to investigate the nature of hydroxy interlayers in the chlorite -like intergrade clays of three Oregon soils with respect to kind, amount, stability, and conditions of formation. The clays of the Hembre, Wren, and Lookout soils, selected to represent weathering products originating from basaltic materials under humid, subhumid, and semi -arid climatic conditions respectively, were subjected to a series of progressive treatments designed to effect a differential dissolution of the materials intimately associated with them. The treatments, chosen to represent a range of increasing severity of dissolution, were (1) distilled water plus mechanical stirring, (2) boiling 2% sodium carbonate, (3) buffered sodium citrate -dithionite, (4) boiling sodium hydroxide, and (5) preheating to 400 °C for 4 hours plus boiling sodium hydroxide. Extracts from the various steps of the dissolution procedure were chemically analyzed in order to identify the materials removed from the clays. X -ray diffraction analysis and cation exchange -
Dynamic real-time collision detection for packaging robots

Due to the increasing demand in higher performance (throughput and efficiency) of robotics packaging systems, while keeping the system’s footprint as small as possible, robots must operate closer to each other. This raises the problems of collision detection and collision avoidance. In this work we focus on designing algorithms for collision detection between multiple (parallel) Delta robots, which are widely used in the packaging industry. The algorithms must operate in a real-time controller, which puts additional constraints on the processing power and memory requirements. We discuss several algorithmic approaches to this problem. Dynamic real-time collision detection for packaging robots iii
Proceedings of the First International DisCoTec Workshop on Context-aware Adaptation Mechanisms for Pervasive and Ubiquitous Services ( CAMPUS 2008 ) Share Whatever You Like

To leverage proactive context-aware services for mobile handsets, an architecture for the management, aggregation and distribution of information is required. This work presents a framework that has been developed to realize an extensible infrastructure in which personal information can be shared with others while on the go. Access control mechanisms restrict the distribution of data based on social relationships and the validity of context conditions.
ACCRETION TORQUES AND MOTION OF THE HOT SPOT ON THE ACCRETING MILLISECOND PULSAR XTE J1807–294

We present a coherent timing analysis of the 2003 outburst of the accreting millisecond pulsar (AMXP) XTE J1807–294. We find a 95% confidence interval for the pulse frequency derivative of (+0.7, + 4.7) × 10−14 Hz s−1 and (−0.6, + 3.8) × 10−14 Hz s−1 for the fundamental and second harmonics, respectively. The sinusoidal fractional amplitudes of the pulsations are the highest observed among AMXPs and can reach values of up to 27% (2.5–30 keV). The pulse arrival time residuals of the fundamental frequency follow a linear anti-correlation with the fractional amplitudes that suggests hot spot motion both in longitude and latitude over the surface of the neutron star. An anti-correlation between residuals and X-ray flux suggests an influence of the accretion rate on pulse phase and casts doubts on the interpretation of pulse frequency derivatives in terms of changes of spin rates and torques on the neutron star.
Bactericidal activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles against human pathogenic bacteria

ABSTRACT Green synthesis is an attractive and eco-friendly approach to generate potent antibacterial silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). Such particles have long been used to fight bacteria and represent a promising tool to overcome the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, green synthesis of Ag-NPs was attempted using plant extracts of Aloe vera, Portulaca oleracea and Cynodon dactylon. The identity and size of Ag-NPs was characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscopy. Monodispersed Ag-NPs were produced with a range of different sizes based on the plant extract used. The bactericidal activity of Ag-NPs against a number of human pathogenic bacteria was determined using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that Gram positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram negative ones to these antibacterial agents. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using the 96-well plate method. Finally, the mechanism by which Ag-NPs affect bacteria was investigated by SEM analysis. Bacteria treated with Ag-NPs were seen to undergo shrinkage and to lose their viability. This study provides evidence for a cheap and effective method for synthesizing potent bactericidal Ag-NPs and demonstrates their effectiveness against human pathogenic bacteria.
A specification method for analyzing fine grained network security mechanism configurations

Quick evolution, heterogeneity, interdependence between equipment, and many other factors induce high complexity to network security analysis. Although several approaches have proposed different analysis tools, achieving this task requires experienced and proficient security administrators who can handle all these parameters. The challenge is not to propose a temporary solution but to offer a building block for this large domain, though no approach can be optimal for all tasks. In previous papers, we have proposed a novel formal model of equipment configuration built on data flow attribute-based approach to detect network security conflicts. In this paper, we extend the previous proposed model in order to make it more generic by proving it can handle microscopic analysis. We define a formal analysis method for network security mechanisms. Therefore, we specify our approach in Colored Petri Networks to automate the conflicts analysis and test it on a fine-grained firewall scenario.
Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg ) gene in transgenic cherry tomato

1 Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an Shaanxi 710069, People’s Republic of China. 2 Department of Life Sciences, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, People’s Republic of China. 3 Centre of Biological and Chemical Experiment, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, People’s Republic of China. 4 Enzyme Engineering Institute of Shaanxi, Academy of Sciences, Xi’an Shaanxi 710600, People’s Republic of China.
Quantum Chemical Studies of Endofullerenes (M@C60) Where M = H2O, Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+

Quantum chemical calculations were performed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of seven endofullerenes. The interaction energies indicated that all of the chemical species are stable inside the fullerene for each complex. The ionization potential and electron affinity values suggest that the endofullerenes consisting of alkaline earth ions are the most reactive and that the dipole moment decreased according to the following order: Be2+@C60 (4.75) > Mg2+@C60 (3.14) > Ca2+@C60 (2.24) > Li+@C60 (1.26) > Na+@C60 (0.76) > H2O@C60 (0.24) > K+@C60 (0.00 Debye). These results imply that the solubility of endofullerenes in a polar solvent may increase from H2O@C60 to Be2+@C60. The energetic gaps indicate that Be2+@C60 and Mg2+@C60 possess a higher electrical conductivity, and the UV spectra show a shift in the bands to the visible light region. The results of this work may be useful for the development of new endofullerenes.
Generalized cusp in AdS 4 × C P 3 and more one-loop results from semiclassical strings

We evaluate the exact one-loop partition function for fundamental strings whose worldsurface ends on a cusp at the boundary of AdS4 and has a “jump” in CP. This allows us to extract the stringy prediction for the ABJM generalized cusp anomalous dimension Γ cusp (φ, θ) up to NLO in sigma-model perturbation theory. With a similar analysis, we present the exact partition functions for folded closed string solutions moving in the AdS3 parts of AdS4×CP and AdS3×S×S×S backgrounds. Results are obtained applying to the string solutions relevant for the AdS4/CFT3 and AdS3/CFT2 correspondence the tools previously developed for their AdS5 × S counterparts. vforini@icc.ub. edu marotta@chalmers.se o.e. olssonsax@uu.nl ar X iv :1 20 4. 33 02 v3 [ he pth ] 1 8 Fe b 20 14
Quantifying Haze from Satellite Using Haze Optimized Transformation (HOT)

Haze is harmful to human health besides degrades the human welfare and environment. Haze information needs to be quickly disseminated to public so that necessary measures can be promptly taken to prevent further losses. Satellite remote sensing offers a better alternative over conventional methods in measuring haze concentration due to its capability to record atmospheric data continuously, spatially and cost-effectively. This study explores the capability of a scene-based technique called the haze optimized transformation (HOT) in quantifying haze. Landsat-8 data with hazy, moderate and clear conditions were initially identified and downloaded from USGS website. Bands 2 and 4 are used to derive HOT images from these data. Haze in-situ measurements in API (Air Pollution Index) obtained from the Malaysian Department of Environment are coupled with the HOT images where the relationship between HOT and API values are then determined. Regression analysis is used to determine the relationship between HOT and API where the strength of the correlation is indicated by coefficient of determination (R 2 ). The accuracy of the API map is eventually assessed using visual analysis and root-mean-square error (RMSE). The results show that there is a weak relationship between HOT and API that led to the quite low accuracy in
Distribution of Extracellular Polymeric Substances and their Role in Aerobic Granule Formation

This study investigated the quantity and distribution of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in aerobic granules. Results showed that EPS play an important role in the formation and stabilisation of granules. The content of EPS significantly increases during the first weeks of biogranulation. An analysis of EPS in the granules revealed that the protein level was 5 times higher than in polysaccharides. The increase of protein content correlated with the growth of cell hydrophobicity (r 2 = 0.95). EPS and hydrophobicity are important factors in cell adhesion and formation of granules. The aim of this work was also to determine the distribution of EPS in the granule structure. In situ EPS staining showed that EPS are located mostly in the center of granules and in the subsurface layer. The major components of the EPE matrix are proteins, nucleic acids and β-polysaccharides. These observations confirm the chemical extraction data and indicate that granule formation and stability are dependent on protein content.
N ov 2 01 7 Autonomous Dynamical System Approach for f ( R ) Gravity

In this work we shall investigate the cosmological dynamical system of f(R) gravity, by constructing it in such a way so that it is rendered autonomous. We shall study the vacuum f(R) gravity case, but also the case that matter and radiation perfect fluids are present along with the f(R) gravity. The dynamical system is constructed in such a way so that the time-dependence of the system is contained in a single parameter which depends on the Hubble rate and it’s second derivative. The autonomous structure of the dynamical system is achieved when this parameter is constant, therefore we focus on these cases. For the vacuum f(R) case, we investigate two cases with the first leading to a stable de Sitter attractor fixed point but also to an unstable de Sitter fixed point, and the second is related to a matter dominated era. The stable de Sitter attractor is also found for the f(R) gravity in the presence of matter and radiation perfect fluids. In all the cases we performed a detailed numerical analysis of the dynamical system and we also investigate in detail the stability of the resulting fixed points. Also, we present an exceptional feature of the R gravity model, in the absence of perfect fluids. Finally, we investigate what is the approximate form of the f(R) gravities near the stable and the unstable de Sitter fixed points.
Perception of Health Workers about Barriers Impacting Organ Donation in Qatar: A Focus Group Study

Citation: Agarwal T.M. , Singh R. , Menyar A.E. , Thani H.A. , Maslamani Y.A. , Mekkodathil A.A. (2018) Perception of Health Workers about Barriers Impacting Organ Donation in Qatar: A Focus Group Study. Open Science Journal 3(1) Received: 22 October 2017 Accepted: 14 December 2017 Published: 2 January 2018 Copyright:© 2018 This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: NPRP 7-965-3-247, Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF), Qatar Competing Interests: The author have declared that no competing interests exists. Objectives: To understand perception of healthcare workers about factors acting as barriers to organ donation and transplantation process in Qatar. Subjects and Methods: A phenomenological approach with the help of focus group discussions was used to fulfill the objectives of the research. Participants were healthcare workers working as volunteers in organ donation campaigns or playing a crucial role in the process of organ donation or transplantation in Qatar. They were selected purposively to participate in the discussions. Openended questions were asked during the audio-recorded discussions. Transcripts were coded and assessed using NVivo software. Results were analyzed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior to explore intentions shaping an individual’s donation decision. Results: Lack of awareness and information about the process of organ donation were found to be the root cause barriers for both deceased and living organ donation in Qatar whereas; family, religious and community influences, and an incongruous attitude towards organ donation are the main factors influencing organ donation registration and family consent for deceased donation. Conclusion: Improving awareness and accurate information about organ donation could play significant in increasing deceased and living organ donation in Qatar. However, factors impacting family consent, which was found to be the most prominent reason for gap between availability and utilization of organs, need to be further researched. Open Science Journal Research Article Open Science Journal – January 2018 2
The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets - XX. Planets around the active star BD -08°2823

We report the detection of a planetary system around BD-08 degrees 2823 that includes at least one Uranus-mass planet and one Saturnmass planet. This discovery serendipitously originates from a search for planetary transits in the Hipparcos photometry database. This program preferentially selected active stars and did not allow the detection of new transiting planets. It allowed however the identification of the K3V star BD-08 degrees 2823 as a target harboring a multiplanet system, which we secured and characterized thanks to an intensive monitoring with the HARPS spectrograph at the 3.6-m ESO telescope in La Silla. The stellar activity level of BD-08 degrees 2823 complicates the analysis but does not prohibit the detection of two planets around this star. BD-08 degrees 2823b has a minimum mass of 14.4 +/- 2.1 M(circle dot) and an orbital period of 5.60 days, whereas BD-082 degrees 823c has a minimum mass of 0.33 +/- 0.03 M(Jup) and an orbital period of 237.6 days. This new system strengthens the observation that low-mass planets are preferentially found in multiplanetary systems, but not around high-metallicity stars as is the case for massive planets. It also supports the belief that active stars should not be neglected in exoplanet searches even when searching for low-mass planets.
Filtering with Discrete State Observations

Abstract. The problem of estimating a finite state Markov chain observed via a process on the same state space is discussed. Optimal solutions are given for both the ``weak'' and ``strong'' formulations of the problem. The ``weak'' formulation proceeds using a reference probability and a measure change for the Markov chain. The ``strong'' formulation considers an observation process related to perturbations of the counting processes associated with the Markov chain. In this case the ``small noise'' convergence is investigated.
Beyond embeddedness: economic practices and the invisible dimensions of transnational business activity

Embeddedness remains a central concept in much economic geographical thought for understanding how social factors influence economic activity. Recent commentators have argued for a reconceptualization that entails a relational and processual redefinition of the concept. This paper argues, however, that there remain deep-rooted epistemological problems with embeddedness that are not overcome by this emerging reconceptualization. It argues that the conceptual lexicon of embeddedness conflates economic action and outcomes, insufficiently captures power and agency and produces a limited understanding of the spatialized development of economic activity. It further argues that the language of embeddedness conceals dimensions to transnational business activity that require increasing theoretical attention in order to explain economic success or failure in the context of contemporary globalization. In contrast to those seeking to reconceptualize embeddedness, the paper thus argues for a relational and associational approach centred on tracing the practices that produce economic outcomes in the contemporary global space economy. This alternative approach draws on recent contributions to actor-network theory as well as relational and topological theorizations of the nature of power and knowledge in relation to economic activity. The arguments are grounded with reference to a series of examples drawn from research into the nature of contemporary transnational firms.
DECREASE IN GROUND-RUN DISTANCE OF AIRPLANES BY APPLYING ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN WHEELS

A new takeoff method for small airplanes that employs electrically driven landing gear is proposed. Experiments using a model airplane driven by electrically powered wheels showed that the ground-run distance is decreased by half by using a combination of powered wheels and propeller without an increase of energy consumption during the ground-roll. A study was also conducted of the trade-off between the ground-run distance and flight performance of a full-size propeller airplane assuming that the motors and controllers of an existing electric vehicle were used to power the landing gear.
Lucid Dreams and Viewpoints in Imagery: Two Studies

There is much evidence that the same people tend to report both lucid dreams and outof-body experiences (OBEs) (Irwin & Blackmore, 1988), but there is no general accepted explanation for this association. One way of exploring this further is to see whether the same cognitive skills are associated with the two experiences. Previous studies have shown the vividness of imagery and control of imagery are not associated with lucid dreaming (Blackmore, 1982; Hearne, 1978), while recent studies show some association between having OBEs and certain visuospatial skills (Cook & Irwin, 1983).
Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium verticillioides, causal agents of Fusarium ear rot of corn

Fusarium ear rot is a significant disease of corn caused by several toxigenic Fusarium species including Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium verticillioides. Forty-one Fusarium isolates were recovered from corn with Fusarium ear rot disease symptoms collected from Peninsular Malaysia. Isolates were classified into three described species known as F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, and F. solani. Based on sexual compatibility test, four isolates from F. proliferatum (MATD-1) were crossed-fertile with tester isolate F. proliferatum D024853 (MATD-2), producing perithecia in the presence of ascospores. Meanwhile, the isolates from F. verticillioides (MATA-2) were crossed with tester isolate F. verticillioides A00149 (MATA-1), but were found producing 11 isolates with barren perithecia and three infertile isolates, whereas in 11 isolates of F. verticillioides (MATA-1), seven isolates produced barren perithecia with four nonfertile isolates. In the pathogenicity test, all isolates were found pathogenic and displayed disease symptoms with variation in severity. The highest disease severity index value was observed in F. proliferatum B68c at 4.67, which was obtained in an updated report on the mating type of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum isolated from Fusarium ear rot disease.