Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on Electrochemical Treatment of Pulp and paper mill Effluent

: Pulp and paper mill is a water-demanding industry consuming about 60m 3 of water for each ton of paper production. Minimization of waste generation and its effective treatment is still a challenging task with highest priority. These effluents contain both organic and inorganic pollutants that include turbidity, tannins, lignin, dioxins etc. Despite various technologies being used to treat these wastes, there is no proven method for cost-effective treatment. Hence, studies were undertaken to assess the feasibility of electrochemical (EC) technique with aluminum electrodes in monopolar parallel connection for the treatment of P&P effluent. A rectangular vessel of total volume of 1.5L was used for the research purpose. The maximum Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Total organic carbon (TOC) and turbidity removal of 89%, 72% and 96% respectively were obtained at optimized values of pH 7, cell voltage of 12V and electrolysis time (ET) of 40 minutes. The field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM) study of the sludge indicated amorphous morphology and the presence of densely agglomerated spherical particles responsible for effective pollutants removal. Therefore, EC technique can be considered as an effective method for the treatment pulp and paper mill effluent determine shape of particles and origin of particles and EDAX images give clear about chemical composition of each particle and mass of particles
2019). Adapting stiffness and attack angle through trial and error to increase self-stability in locomotion. Journal of Biomechanics, 87, 28-36.

8 Biological systems are outperforming machines in legged locomoting under almost any conditions. This is partly due to their capability of learning from failure and adapting their control approach and morphological features. This paper proposes an approach that extends the spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model with the capability to adapt its attack angle (control) and stiﬀness (morphology) based on previous locomotion attempts. A set of diﬀerent update rules, i.e., how this experience is used to adapt, are systematically investigated. The results suggest that modifying either attack angle, or stiﬀness, or both is beneﬁcial with respect to achieve stable locomotion. Particularly, if the current system conﬁguration (control and morphology) outperforms the previous one, the results suggest that increasing the angle and decreasing the stiﬀness of the system leads to more stable solutions. Consequently, the basic SLIP model extended by the proposed learning capabilities is able to reach stable locomotion over a much wider range of parameter combinations simply through trial and error.
Diversity and distribution of unicellular opisthokonts along the European coast analyzed using high-throughput sequencing

results show the great diversity of choanoflagellates in coastal waters as well as a relevant role of the ichthyosporeans and the uncultured marine opisthokonts (MAOP). Furthermore, we describe a new lineage of marine fonticulids (MAFO) that appears to be abundant in sediments. Therefore, our work points to a greater potential ecological role for unicellular opisthokonts than previously appreciated in marine environments, both in water column and sediments, and also provides evidence of novel opisthokont phylogenetic lineages. This study highlights the importance of high throughput sequencing approaches to unravel the diversity and distribution of both known and novel eukaryotic lineages.
Inclusivity in the Labor Market, WP/21/141, May 2021

Labor earnings are the dominant income source for most individuals. Thus, an inclusive labor market is key for ensuring inclusive growth. In this paper we propose four principles that an inclusive labor market will embody: access, fairness, protection and voice. While measuring inclusivity presents challenges, we discuss how data can be used to shed light on the extent of inclusivity and document cross-country trends and stylized facts. We also discuss the role of policy in achieving an inclusive labor market, focusing on the need to rebalance growth; improve risk sharing; and fight discrimination. Several messages emerge. First, some policies entail a trade-off between the different dimensions of inclusivity. Second, it is important to view policies as a bundle, taking into account substitution and complementarities. Third, some policies are win-win, in the sense that they both increase inclusivity and improve overall efficiency. JEL Classification: E0; E2; J0; J3; J5; J7
Automated Veriﬁcation of Critical Systems 2018 (AVoCS 2018)

: In the development of safety-critical embedded systems, requirements-driven approaches are widely used. Expressing functional requirements in formal languages enables reasoning and formal testing. This paper proposes the Simpliﬁed Universal Pattern (SUP) as an easy to use formalism and compares it to SPS, another commonly used speciﬁcation pattern system. Consistency is an important property of requirements that can be checked already in early design phases. However, formal deﬁnitions of consistency are rare in literature and tent to be either too weak or computationally too complex to be applicable to industrial systems. Therefore this work proposes a new formal consistency notion, called partial consistency, for the SUP that is a trade-off between exhaustiveness and complexity. Partial consistency identiﬁes critical cases and veriﬁes if these cause conﬂicts between requirements
Development of sustainable platform for modular product family: a case study

Abstract Defining product platform architecture is a critical issue to design and develop product variants. Different factors are highly dependent on the architecture type, such as number of variants, to measure modularity level, component commonality, market demand, etc. It is directly related to manage product portfolios and setting up business plan of a company. Before defining a product platform, whether it is modular or integral product designers need to follow specific design guidelines and checklists. This research mainly focuses on to define the platform architecture as well as provides necessary design guidelines and checklists for the product designers. It also highlights an example product of a case company with the objective to clarify/validate the proposed product design approach. In conclusion, this paper outlines the findings from this research and proposed some critical questions need to be answered within the scope of future research potentials.
Studies on the host range of the barley strain of Wheat dwarf virus using an agroinfectious viral clone

Comparative analysis of the host ranges of the barley and wheat strains of Wheat dwarf virus (WDV; family Geminiviridae ; genus Mastrevirus ) in Europe has been severely hampered by the lack of an infectious clone of the barley strain. To remedy this situation an agroinfectious clone of a Hungarian isolate of the barley strain (WDV-Bar[HU]) was constructed and its virulence tested in barley ( Hordeum vulgare ), wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), rye ( Secale cereale ) and oat ( Avena sativa ) by agroinoculation. Although all four species could be systemically infected by the isolate, infections were asymptomatic in the rye and oat cultivars tested. WDV-Bar[HU] induced chlorosis and stunting symptoms typical of WDV in barley, while in wheat low infection rates but high mortality of infected seedlings were observed. In contrast, a much higher percentage of wheat plants agroinoculated with a wheat-strain isolate (WDV-[Enk1]) became systemically infected. WDV-[Enk1] in wheat caused symptoms similar to those caused by WDV-Bar[HU] in barley. WDV-Bar[HU] was leafhopper-transmissible to barley seedlings, in which it caused typical WDV symptoms; geminate virus particles were isolated from the infected leaves. Comparison of the genomic sequences of 11 barley strain isolates from Europe and Turkey revealed that whereas WDV-Bar[HU] represents a typical barley-strain isolate that is not detectably recombinant, the Turkish barley isolate (WDV-Bar[TR]) is probably a recombinant between a barley-strain isolate and an as-yet-undescribed WDV-like mastrevirus species.
Structure and Organization of the Drosophila Cholinergic Locus*

The Drosophila cholinergic locus is composed of two distinct genetic functions: choline acetyltransferase (ChAT; EC 2.3.1.6), the enzyme catalyzing biosynthesis of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), and the vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT), the synaptic vesicle membrane protein which pumps transmitter into vesi-cles. Both genes share a common first exon and the remainder of the VAChT gene contains a single coding exon residing entirely within the first intron of ChAT. RNase protection analysis indicates that all Drosophila VAChT specific transcripts contain the shared first exon and suggests common transcriptional control for ChAT and VAChT . Similar types of genomic organization have been evolutionarily conserved for cholinergic loci in nematodes and vertebrates, and may operate to ensure coordinate expression of these functionally related genes in the same cells. The relative levels of Drosophila ChAT and VAChT mRNA differ, however, in different tissues or in Cha mutants, indicating that independent regulation of ChAT and VAChT transcripts may occur post-transcriptionally. The predicted Drosophila VAChT protein is composed of 578 amino acids and contains 12 conserved putative transmembrane domains. Full-length VAChT cDNA is 7.2 kilobase long and has unusually long 5 * - and 3 * -untranslated regions (UTR). The 5 * -UTR contains a GTG ChAT translational initiation codon along with three other potential ATG initiation codons. These features of the VAChT 5 * -UTR region suggest that a ribosome scanning model may not be used for VAChT translation initiation. the ratios of the density of the bands either or to that of bands
Structure analysis and optimization design for aluminum alloy frame of energy-saving vehicle

As an important part of the vehicle,the structure analysis and lightweight design on the frame are useful for the whole vehicle energy-saving.By combining static analysis and optimization procedure of the finite element analysis software ANSYS and HyperWorks,the stiffness and strength of an energy-saving vehicle aluminum alloy frame were analyzed under typical condition.Then the topology optimization based on variable density method as well as sectional dimension optimization based on first order method was carried on for the frame design.By twice optimization,frame's stress concentration and large local deformation have been markedly improved with maximum vertical deformation of frame changing from 3.21mm to 0.99mm,frame's quality changing from 5.00kg to 4.17kg,reduced by 16.6%,which has realized light-weight design of energy-saving vehicle.
Comparative Analysis of Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in Methanogenic Sludge Granules from Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors Treating Various Food-Processing, High-Strength Organic Wastewaters

A comprehensive survey of bacterial and archaeal community structures within granular sludges taken from twelve different types of full-scale, food-processing wastewater-treating, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors was performed with a 16S rRNA gene-based clone library method. In total, 1,282 bacterial 16S rRNA gene clones and 722 archaeal clones were analyzed, and their identities were determined by phylogenetic analyses. Overall, clones belonging to the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria (the class Deltaproteobacteria in particular), Firmicutes , Spirochaetes , and Bacteroidetes were observed in abundance within the bacterial clone libraries examined, indicating common bacterial denominators in such treatment systems. Within the domain Archaea , clones affiliated with the classes Methanomicrobia and Methanobacteria were found to be abundant in the archaeal libraries. In relation to features of reactor performance (such as chemical oxygen demand removal, fatty acid accumulation, and sludge bulking), possible representative phylotypes likely to be associated with process failures, such as sludge bulking and the accumulation of propionate, were found in comparative analyses of the distribution of phylotypes in the sludge libraries. (singleton) and N is the total number of clones retrieved (21). An evenness index was determined using the equation H /ln R , where H is the Shannon-Wienar index and R is the number of phylotypes observed (34). The rarefaction curve was determined with the Ana-lytic Rarefaction software (version 1.3, http://www.uga.edu/~strata/ software/). Nucleotide sequence accession numbers The 16S rRNA gene sequences presented in this study were deposited under DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank accession numbers AB266889 to AB267067, AB291244 to AB291541, and AB372571 and AB372572.
The Effects of Diplotaenia Turcica Root Extract on Sperm Parameters and Reproductive Hormones in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

1Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Van, Turkey. 2Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Van, Turkey, 65080 3 Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Van, Turkey, 65080. 4Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van School of Health, Van, Turkey, 65080. aORCID: 0000-0002-8115-2051 , bORCID: 0000-0002-9023-0699 , cORCID: 0000-0002-7623-1492 , dORCID: 0000-0002-1774-7704
Cloning of Human Stat5B RECONSTITUTION OF INTERLEUKIN-2-INDUCED Stat5A AND Stat5B DNA BINDING ACTIVITY IN COS-7 CELLS*

We have isolated a second human Stat5 cDNA, Stat5B, and demonstrated that the genes encoding both Stat5A and Stat5B are located at chromosome 17q11.2. Both genes were constitutively transcribed in peripheral blood lymphocytes. By using specific antisera, we demonstrated that both Stat5A and Stat5B are activated by interleukin-2 (IL-2) in peripheral blood lymphocytes, natural killer-like YT leukemia cells, and human T cell lymphotropic virus type I-transformed MT-2 T cells. In COS-7 cells, which constitutively express the Janus family tyrosine kinase Jak1, reconstitution of IL-2-induced Stat5A and Stat5B DNA binding activities was dependent on the coexpression of Jak3 along with the IL-2 receptor b chain and the common cytokine receptor g-chain. This IL-2-induced Stat5 activation was dependent on the presence of either of two tyrosines (Tyr-392 or Tyr-510) in the IL-2 receptor b chain, indicating that either of these two tyrosines can serve as a docking site. Moreover, we demonstrated that human Stat5 activation is also dependent on Tyr-694 in Stat5A and Tyr-699 in Stat5B, indicating that these tyrosines are required for dimerization. The COS-7 reconstitution system described herein provides a valuable assay for further elucidation of the IL-2-activated JAK-STAT pathway.
A novel high performance liquid chromatography method development and validation of fluconazole by ezchrom software

The current research explains the development of a new method and its subsequent validation by a novel HPLC method in fluconazole tablets. Inertsil Octadecyl silica C18 column having dimensions of length 150 mm, diameter 4.6 mm, particle size 5 μm was exploited for the method development, and the mobile phase embodies buffer pH 4 and acetonitrile in the combo of 40:60. Wavelength exploited for the segregation was 289 nm. The volume of injection was preserved at 20 µl. The new developed method has been established to demonstrate linearity in the range of 10 to 30 µg /ml correspondingly. Average recovery established to be 101.571, 100.315, and 99.021, the standard deviation was established to be 0.93834, 0.986418, and 0.989741, and % R.S. D was established to be 0.92382, 0.98331, and 0.999526. The percentage recovery was established to be within prescribed restrictions. The limit of detection was established to be 0.0080. The limit of quantitation was established to be 0.0051. In assay studies, an average assay was found to be 95.966, and standard deviation and % RSD of the assay was found to be 0.6021 and 0.6274, respectively. The method was found to be specific as there was no intrusion from impurities and excipients. Extensive diversity of mobile phase combos was utilized for the research and flow rate preserved at 1.3 ml/min all through the process. After carefull and systemic investigation of various research articles and review articles, it is observed that H.P.L.C method development and validation of fluconazole has been done in various pharmaceutical dosage forms, but till now a smaller amount of work is executed on dosage forms of solid nature, and hence there is huge prospective for research to be done in this area for new methodology to be developed in pharmaceutical dosage form of solid nature by means of dissimilar mobile phase combos and different strategy adopted by use of chromatography software which avoids the problems and demerits associated with present methods
A Retrospective Study of Uropathogenic ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae among Hospitalized Patients, Khartoum-Sudan

Uropathogenic extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) remains a global cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among hospitalized patients as these enzymes hydrolysing 3rd generation cephalosporin’s (3rd GC). Those bacteria may not respond to therapy and thus further limiting antimicrobial selections. This study aimed to detect uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae producing ESBL genes and their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Hundred and four (n=104) Enterobacteriaceae uropathogens were isolated in (2007-2008), from midstream urine (MSU) samples. In 2019, 54% of the recovered isolates were resistant to 3 rd GCs. The presence of ESBL-genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX –M genes) screened by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ESBL gene producing isolates were detected among 44.6%, and 36% of the ESBL-producing isolates were harbouring 2 ESBL genes. The common gene was the blaTEM, 40%, followed by 16% blaCTX-M and 8% blaSHV. The most dominant isolate was E. coli 60%, followed by K. pneumonia 36%, and E. aerogenes 4%. This study revealed that blaTEM was the most prevalent ESBL-PE uropathogens before 10 years in our region, although the current ESBL genes is CTX-M types exceeded SHV and TEM as the dominating type, and is thought to involve clonal spread. Our community; needs molecular-based epidemiological studies to report the antimicrobial resistance genes in the Sudan region besides the origin of those genes.
Spasticity, what’s the goal? Assessment, rehabilitation and future perspectives.

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CONTROL OF GAPS AND REFLEXIVES IN JAPANESE

natural languages, it is often the case that some element of a sentence is semantically related to another element in the sentence. In Japanese, such a phenomenon typically appears in reflexivization. We have an NP zibun, which literally means only 'self,' that is usually related to the subject of the sentence. In this case, the semantic relationship is that of coreference. Another kind of semantic relationship appears in causativization and passivization. The embedded VPs in these constructions are related to the object of the matrix sentence; the object is semantically the subject of the embedded VP.
Investigation of Air Conditioner Performance-testing Bench with Enthalpy Difference Method

The configuration and the principles of air conditioner performance-testing bench have been introduced with enthalpy difference method. The air aftertreatment refrigeration system of "one engine two using" has been designed in terms of the different requirement of the testing room in the different test working condition,Based on the stability and real time of the testing bench,the distributed data collection and process control system have been brought forward.And also the virtual instruments software-LabView has been applied in the performance-testing bench.
[RETRACTED: Concurrent Programming 2019: COURSE PROJECT 7]

This paper introduces a lock-free version of a Pairing heap. Dijkstra’s algorithm is a search algorithm to solve the single-source shortest path problem. The eﬃciency of Dijkstra’s al-gorithm is asymptoticly improved from O ( | V | 2 ) to O ( | E | + | V | log( | V | )) when an operation is available to decrease the recorded distance of a vertex to the target source in constant time ( decreaseKey .) The performance of Dijkstra’s algo-rithm also improves when threads can also perform work concurrently (in particular, when decreaseKey calls occur concurrently.) However, current implementations of de-creaseKey on popular backing data structures such as Pairing heaps and Fibonacci heaps severely limit concurrency. Lock-free techniques can improve the concurrency of search structures such as heaps. In this paper we introduce de-creaseKey and insert operators for Pairing heaps that provide lock-free guarantees while still running in constant time. Techniques for parallelizing Dijkstra’s algorithm are additionally discussed.
Single Input Fuzzy Logic Controller for Flexible Joint Manipulator

Joint elasticity in the dynamics of robots manipulator makes the conventional model-based control strategies complex and difficult to synthesize. This paper presents investigations into the development of single input fuzzy logic controller (SIFLC) for tip angular position tracking and deflection angle reduction of a flexible joint manipulator system. A Quanser flexible joint manipulator system is considered and the dynamic model of the system is derived using the Euler-Lagrange formulation. The proposed method, known as the SIFLC, reduces the conventional two-input FLC (CFLC) to a single input single output (SISO) controller. Two parallel SIFLC are developed for both tip angular position and deflection angle control. The proposed control scheme is also compared with existing results by Ahmad et al., which are hybrid proportional-derivative (PD) with low-pass filter (LPF) and PD with non-collocated fuzzy logic control schemes. The performances of the control schemes are assessed in terms of tip angular tracking capability, level of deflection angle reduction and time response specifications. Finally, a comparative assessment of the control techniques is presented and discussed.
Local Employment Impacts of Competing Energy Sources: the Case of Shale Gas Production and Wind Generation

Nowadays, both the wind power and shale gas industries have been developing quickly and receiving significant attention in the media. Since wind and natural gas are competing sources of electricity generation, in order to guide policy, it would be useful to have an idea of how many jobs are created by these two competing resources. In this paper, we use a panel econometric model to estimate the historical job-creating performance of wind versus that of shale oil and gas. The model is estimated using monthly county level data in Texas from 2001 to 2011. We collect data on the historical employment, number of directional/hydraulic fracturing wells drilled, and new wind capacity built in each county each month and then study the relationship between them. Both distributed lag and spatial panel models have been used based on different data dependence assumptions. The results show that shale development and well drilling activities have brought strong employment and wage growth to Texas, while the impact of wind industry development on employment and wages statewide has been either not statistically significant or quite small. ∗Address: 6100 Main Street MS-22, Houston, Texas 77005, Phone: 713-348-3198, Email: xz1@rice.edu