Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Distribution Network Configuration Using Evolutionary Algorithm Approach

This paper proposes a new robust optimization technique for configuration of distribution network, which can be regarded as a modiﬁcation of the recently developed evolutionary algorithm (EA). The multi-objective evolutionary algorithm has been applied to this problem to optimize the total cost while simultaneously minimize the power loss and maximize the voltage magnitude. The IEEE 69-bus distribution network model is used in the test case, and test results have shown that the algorithm can determine the set of optimal non-dominated solutions. It allows the utility to achieve the optimal configuration of the network to achieve the best system with the lowest cost.
Quality of Life in Buenos Aires Neighborhoods: Hedonic Price Regressions and the Life Satisfaction Approach

This paper studies quality of life in urban neighborhoods in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. First, hedonic price regressions for residential prices are augmented with neighborhood characteristics, based on a real estate database with indicators on each property’s distance to public facilities and amenities, and on a smaller survey with greater detail. Second, following recent developments in the field of happiness research, the document assesses the importance of different neighborhood characteristics on quality of life by interacting objective and subjective indicators. Indices of quality of life related to local amenities are derived for the different neighborhoods for both the hedonic regression and life satisfaction approaches. The results indicate a strong but not perfect correlation between real estate prices, income levels and neighborhood characteristics, suggesting scope for welfare-improving policy interventions.
Taxation, Loss Aversion, and Accountability: Theory and Experimental Evidence for Taxation’s E↵ect on Citizen Behavior

While corruption is a key challenge for state development, we still know little about what factors a↵ect citizens’ toleration of non-accountable behavior by government o cials. This paper argues that taxation is a significant predictor of citizens’ demands, introducing and formalizing a micro-level theory of how taxation a↵ects citizens’ preferences over accountability. By taking away earned income, taxation pushes loss-averse citizens below their reference point, increasing the utility citizens lose from corruption and making them more likely to enact costly sanctions against non-accountable o cials. Novel laboratory experiments, conducted in Uganda, find that taxation increases citizens’ willingness to punish leaders by 12% overall, and by 30% among the group who has the most experience paying taxes in Uganda. Additional experiments confirm that this e↵ect is driven by the loss aversion mechanism, and a conjoint survey experiment demonstrates support for taxation’s e↵ect on citizen behavior among politically-active Ugandans. ⇤The author would like to thank Kate Baldwin, Cameron Ballard-Rosa, Chris Blattman, Alex Debs, Eric Dickson, Guy Grossman, Greg Huber, Macartan Humphreys, David Laitin, Dan Posner, Pia Ra✏er, Susan Rose-Ackerman, Cyrus Samii, Ken Scheve, Susan Stokes, and Jeremy Weinstein; the participants of the Leitner Student and Experiments Workshops at Yale; and the participants of WGAPE 2013, MPSA 2014, CAPERS 2014, and APSA 2014 for commenting on multiple stages of the project. This project would not have been possible with out the wonderful sta↵ of the IPA Uganda o ce. Funding was provided by the Leitner Program at Yale and a Vanguard Charitable Trust grant. †Email: lucy.martin@yale.edu. 1
INVESTIGATING DYNAMIC SPATIAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MITOCHONDRIA AND ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM IN LIVING PLANT CELLS AND THEIR POSSIBLE ROLE IN CONTROLLING MITOCHONDRIAL CALCIUM FLUX

ii TABLE OF CONTENTS.iii LIST OF FIGURES.vi LIST OF TABLES.vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.viii CHAPTER 1. LITERATURE REVIEW.1 1.1 Mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.1 1.2 Mitochondria in plants.1 1.2.1 The structure of plant mitochondria.1 1.2.2 Plant mitochondrial dynamics and morphology.2 1.3 Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in plants.4 1.3. 1 Dynamics and morphology of ER.5 1.4 The role of calcium in plant cell function.5 1.5 Interaction between mitochondria, ER and calcium dynamics.7 1.6 The effects of latrunculin B (Lat-B), methyl viologen (MV) and antimycin A (AA) treatments on plant mitochondria.8 1.7 The aequorin protein.9 1.7. 1 Measuring intracellular calcium in living cells.9 1.8 Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake 1 (MICU1). 10 1.9 Programmed cell death (PCD). 10 1.10 Aims of this study.12 CHAPTER 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS.13 2.1 Plant material.13 2.2 Seed sterilization and sowing.13 2.3 Crossing Arabidopsis plants.14 2.4 Development of Arabidopsis line to visualize ER and mitochondria.14 2.5 Identification of MCU1 in Arabidopsis.14 2.6 Sub-cellular localization of MCU1.15
The American Airlines Case: A Chance to Clarify Predation Policy

Predation occurs when a firm offers consumers favorable deals, usually in the short run, that get rid of competition and thereby harm consumers in the long run. Modern economic theory has shown how commitment or collective-action problems among consumers can lead to such paradoxical effects. But the paradox does signal danger. Too hawkish a policy might ban favorable deals that are not predatory. It would be ironic indeed if the standards for predatory pricing liability were so low that antitrust suits themselves became a tool for keeping prices high. Predation policy must therefore diagnose the unusual cases where favorable deals harm competition. To this end, courts and commentators have largely defined predation as sacrifice followed, at least plausibly, by recoupment at consumers' expense. The American Airlines case raises difficult questions about this approach.
Structural transformations in quasicrystals induced by higher dimensional lattice transitions

We study the structural transformations induced, via the cut-and-project method, in quasicrystals and tilings by lattice transitions in higher dimensions, with a focus on transition paths preserving at least some symmetry in intermediate lattices. We discuss the effect of such transformations on planar aperiodic Penrose tilings, and on three-dimensional aperiodic Ammann tilings with icosahedral symmetry. We find that locally the transformations in the aperiodic structures occur through the mechanisms of tile splitting, tile flipping and tile merger, and we investigate the origin of these local transformation mechanisms within the projection framework.
The Police Officer and the Public Inquiry: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Aftermath of Workplace Trauma

This study aimed to assess the experiences of police officers facing a public inquiry following a traumatic work-related event. Interviews of 11 officers were analyzed for qualitative themes. Quantitative measures of social support and current level of distress were compared with a sample of paramedics and firefighters matched for traumatic experiences and involvement in postmortem reviews. In response to the events leading to the inquiry, reactions consistent with posttraumatic stress were common. Review processes were typically prolonged. Common negative consequences included lack of professional advancement, strained family relations, and inaccurate and sensationalized media attention. An important mediating factor was the quality of organizational support. Following the inquiry, police officers rarely felt a sense of vindication and frequently reported a diminished sense of commitment to their work. In conclusion, review processes following work-related trauma have many negative consequences for police officers. Suggestions for intervention include crisis intervention services with officers, organizational development, and the enhancement of peer support programs. [Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 3:383–396 (2003)]
Using a Multimodal Sensing Approach to Characterize Human Responses to Affective and Deceptive States

Different ways to measure human affective and deceptive reactions to stimulus have been developed. One method is a multimodal approach using web camera, thermal imaging camera and physiological sensors data to extract different features in the human face (verbal and non-verbal behavior) such as breathing rate, heart rate, face temperature, skin conductance, eye tracking, language analysis and facial expressions among others. Human subjects from different ages and ethnicity were exposed to two different experiments were they watched videos (affection recognition) and others answered an interview session (deception recognition). With the data collected from videos (thermal and visual), different regions of interest (ROI) of the face were selected as well as the whole picture. The ROI were determined based on the most sensitive parts of the face where larger changes of temperature or other physiological features are recorded. It was also analyzed the language (written and spoken) in order to obtain the verbal modalities. The data has been compared among the subjects to determine whether the deceptive and affective reactions of a person can be predicted using multimodal approach. From the multiple data obtained, a characterization of reactions is proposed when subjects are exposed to different stimulus, positive or negative, as well as deceptive behavior and later on recognize if the person is happy, sad, nervous, anxious, telling the truth, lying etc. Using the multimodal approach we were able to predict automatically, with higher accuracy than the baseline, affective and deceptive states of a person. In the affective state recognition, the classifier software differentiated affective state versus neutral state with 92.85% accuracy. Then it differentiated Positive State, Negative State and Neutral State with 57.14% accuracy. Additionally, it differentiated Positive State versus Negative State with 73.21% accuracy. Finally, the classifier was able to predict Deceptive State (people lying) and Non Deceptive State (people telling the truth) with 72.72% accuracy.
Theoretical analysis of continuously driven dissipative solid-state qubits

We study a realistic model for driven qubits using the numerical solution of the Bloch-Redfield equation as well as analytical approximations using a high-frequency scheme. Unlike in idealized rotating-wave models suitable for NMR or quantum optics, we study a driving term which neither is orthogonal to the static term nor leaves the adiabatic energy value constant. We investigate the underlying dynamics and analyze the spectroscopy peaks obtained in recent experiments. We show, that unlike in the rotating-wave case, this system exhibits nonlinear driving effects. We study the width of spectroscopy peaks and show, how a full analysis of the parameters of the system can be performed by comparing the first and second resonance. We outline the limitations of the NMR linewidth formula at low temperature and show, that spectroscopic peaks experience a strong shift which goes much beyond the Bloch-Siegert shift of the eigenfrequency.
One-dimensional quantummagnetism in the anhydrous alum KTi ( SO 4 ) 2

The anhydrous alumKTi(SO4)2, where the Ti 3+ (d, S= 1/2) ions form an anisotropic triangular lattice, has been prepared by a newhydrothermal route and characterized bymagnetic susceptibility and neutron scatteringmeasurements. Contrary to expectations, fits to themagnetic susceptibility indicate that the spins are isotropic (i.e. Heisenberg) and that the frustrating couplings areweak; indeed, the system is wellmodelled by nearly isolated chains. The inelastic neutron scattering data furthermore shows excellent agreementwith an exact theoretical calculation for the one-dimensional spinon continuum. The unexpectedmagnetic properties of KTi(SO4)2 are explained in the light of density functional calculations, which reveal an unusual orbital ground state for the Ti ion.
Types and processes of slope movements along East-West Highway, Surai Khola area, Mid-Western Nepal Sub-Himalaya

Many landslides and debris flows have occurred and destroyed the East-West Highway that extends along the valley slopes of the Siwalik Hills. Wedge slide, rock fall, slump, rock topple-rock slide, debris flow, slope failures and gully erosion were recorded in the Surai Khola area. The most of the slope movements distributed therein are active, reactivated and retrogressive. Differential weathering and gully erosion related to bedding planes of rocks are common phenomena, which contribute instability. The areas between Surai Naka and the Chor Khola suffer remarkable uplift, tilting and river incision, and thus indicate tectonically active zone. Tectonic activity, lithological assemblage, rock strength and weathering of the Siwalik Group have remarkable input on distribution, causes and activity of slope movements. doi: 10.3126/bdg.v11i0. 1427 Bulletin of the Department of Geology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, Vol. 11, 2008, pp. 1-4
Effects of soya oil upon the metabolic syndrome of ω3-depleted rats

The bolus intravenous injection of a novel medium-chain triglyceride:fish oil emulsion was recently proposed as a suitable tool to increase within 60 min the long-chain polyunsaturated ω3 fatty acid content of cell phospholipids (Carpentier et al., 2010). The optimal procedure for the dietary correction of the metabolic and hormonal perturbations found in situations of ω3-depletion, in terms of the total lipid content and source of ω3 fatty acids in the diet, as well as the time course for the enrichment of tissue lipids in these ω3 fatty acids, merits, however, further attention (Malaisse et al., 2011). In such a perspective, the present report deals mainly with the possible suitability of a diet containing 5% (w/w) soya oil, as assessed in rats first exposed for 3 months to an ω3-deficient sunflower oil (also 5%) diet.
A New Approach to the Limit Theory of Recurrent Markov Chains

Let {X n ; n ≥ 0} be a Harris-recurrent Markov chain on a general state space. It is shown that there is a sequence of random times {N i ; i ≥ 1} such that {X N ; i ≥ 1} are independent and identically distributed. This idea is used to show that {X n } is equivalent to a process having a recurrence point, and to develop a regenerative scheme which leads to simple proofs of the ergodic theorem, existence and uniqueness of stationary measures.
FAR-INFRARED DUST TEMPERATURES AND COLUMN DENSITIES OF THE MALT90 MOLECULAR CLUMP SAMPLE

We present dust column densities and dust temperatures for ∼3000 young, high-mass molecular clumps from the Millimeter Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz survey, derived from adjusting single-temperature dust emission models to the far-infrared intensity maps measured between 160 and 870 μm from the Herschel/Herschel Infrared Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-Gal) and APEX/APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL) surveys. We discuss the methodology employed in analyzing the data, calculating physical parameters, and estimating their uncertainties. The population average dust temperature of the clumps are 16.8 ± 0.2 K for the clumps that do not exhibit mid-infrared signatures of star formation (quiescent clumps), 18.6 ± 0.2 K for the clumps that display mid-infrared signatures of ongoing star formation but have not yet developed an H ii region (protostellar clumps), and 23.7 ± 0.2 and 28.1 ± 0.3 K for clumps associated with H ii and photo-dissociation regions, respectively. These four groups exhibit large overlaps in their temperature distributions, with dispersions ranging between 4 and 6 K. The median of the peak column densities of the protostellar clump population is 0.20 ± 0.02 g cm−2, which is about 50% higher compared to the median of the peak column densities associated with clumps in the other evolutionary stages. We compare the dust temperatures and column densities measured toward the center of the clumps with the mean values of each clump. We find that in the quiescent clumps, the dust temperature increases toward the outer regions and that these clumps are associated with the shallowest column density profiles. In contrast, molecular clumps in the protostellar or H ii region phase have dust temperature gradients more consistent with internal heating and are associated with steeper column density profiles compared with the quiescent clumps.
A sugarbeet root maggot (Tetanops myopaeformis Roder) bioassay using Beta vulgaris L. seedlings and in vitro propagated transformed hairy roots.

A bioassay was developed to study interactions between sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) roots and sugarbeet root maggot larvae (SBRM, Tetanops myopaeformis Roder: Ulidiidae). Sugarbeet root material included seedlings (2 to 3-wk old) and in vitro propagated hairy root cultures of SBRM susceptible (F1010) and moderately resistant (F1016) germplasm. Second-instar SBRM aggregated in clusters on roots of F1010 but not the F1016 seedlings. Feeding damage, including rasping marks, tunnels and severed roots, was more prominent on the F1010 roots. When in vitro propagated hairy roots of the corresponding genotypes were used in the bioassay, larval tracks were
Young visual ethnographers: children's use of digital photography to record, share and extend their art experiences

This paper discusses how visual ethnographic research, involving childinitiated digital photography, provided rich insights into how children experienced art across multiple contexts of home, preschool and school. Using Vygotskian perspectives, this paper outlines how visual ethnographic approaches, where children were equipped with digital cameras, promoted collaborative research relationships, provided a site for accessing and sharing children’s perspectives, and linked various contexts of children’s experiences and ‘funds of knowledge’ (Moll, 2000, p. 177). In addition, digital photography acted as a mediating device (Vygotsky, 1962, 1978) and as such heightened consciousness of the art experiences, afforded a site for art-making and promoted dialogue on interpersonal and intrapersonal planes. The child participants became co-researchers and used the camera to record, share and extend their art experiences.
Forming Object Concept Using Bayesian Network

As the recent developments in humanoid robotics, there is growing interest in object recognition and learning, since they are essential tasks for robots to work in our surrounding environments. Most frameworks for recognition and learning are based only on visual features. It seems that those are insufficient for ’understanding’ of objects, since each object has its own intended use leading to the function, which is the key to object concept (Landau et al., 1998; Stark et al., 1996). Of course, appearance is deeply related with functions, since many objects have certain forms resulting from their functions. This fact is especially-pronounced in hand tools. Thus the visual learning and recognition of hand tools may succeed to some extent. However, such classification does not give any information on their functions. The important point is not classification in its own right but rather inference of the function through the classification. We believe that must be the basis of ’understanding’, which we call object concept. Therefore objects must be learned, i.e. categorized, and recognized through their functions. In this chapter objects (hand tools) are modeled as the relationship between appearance and functions. The proposed approach uses the model, which relates appearance and functions, for learning and recognizing objects. The appearance is defined as a visual feature of the object, while the function is defined as certain changes in work objects caused by a tool. Each function is represented by a feature vector which quantifies the changes in the work object. Then the function is abstracted from these feature vectors using the Bayesian learning approach (Attias, 1999). All information can be obtained by observing the scene, in which a man uses the hand tool. For the model of object concept, Bayesian Network is utilized. The conditional probability tables, which are parameters of the model, are estimated by applying EM algorithm to the observed visual features and function information. This process can be seen as the learning of objects based on their functions. Since the function and appearance are stochastically connected in the model, inference of unseen object’s function is possible as well as recognizing its category. Related works are roughly classified into three categories. One of these is an attempt to recognize objects through their functions (Rivlin et al., 1995; Stark et al., 1996; Woods et al., 1995). Although those works share the same idea with us, the authors do not consider the learning process of object function. Thus the function of each object must be defined and programmed manually. Secondly, unsupervised visual categorization of objects has been studied extensively (Fergus et al., 2003; Sivic et al., 2005). However, function is not taken into consideration. Thirdly, there has been research on object recognition through human action (Kojima et al., 2004). The authors relate object recognition with human action, which represents how to use it, rather than the object function itself. In (Ogura et al., 2005), authors have reported the 6
Radio-Optical Analysis of Extended Radio Sources in the First Look Survey Field

We combine 610 MHz GMRT data, 1.4 GHz VLA data, and 1.4 GHz WSRT observations, encompassing a ~ 4 square degree field centered on the verification strip of the Spitzer First Look Survey field, to study radio sources down to fluxes of about 0.1 mJy. The spectral index (Figure 1) analysis shows that the majority of multi-component sources are steep-spectrum sources. Nevertheless the spread in the spectral distribution is wide, with a significant number of ultra-steep, flat or inverted sources, possibly indicating a wider range of accretion modes in fainter samples. By cross-correlating 107 multi-component radio sources with the optical catalogues of Marleau et al. (2007) and Papovich et al. (2006), 23 objects were identified.
Boundary-layer separation control on a thin airfoil using local suction

High-speed incompressible flow past a thin airfoil in a uniform stream is considered. When the angle of attack for a solid airfoil exceeds a certain critical value, the boundary layer in the leading-edge region separates in a process known to lead to dynamic stall. Here suction near the leading edge is studied as a means of controlling separation and thereby inhibiting dynamic stall. First, steady boundary-layer solutions are obtained to determine the nature of suction distributions required to suppress separation on an airfoil at an angle of attack beyond the critical value (for a solid wall). Unsteady boundary-layer solutions are then obtained, using a combination of Eulerian and Lagrangian techniques, for an airfoil at an angle of attack exceeding the critical value; the effects of various parameters associated with the finite-length suction slot, its location and the suction strength are considered. Major modifications of the Lagrangian numerical method are required to account for suction at the wall. It is determined that substantial delays in separation can be achieved even when the suction is weak, provided that the suction is initiated at an early stage.
Analysis Study of Rain Attenuation on Optical Communications Link

This paper presents the attenuation due to rain on the free space optical communication systems. The work has compared the rain attenuation predicted by Marshal and Carbonneau models. The performance is also done for receiver signal power, link margin, data rate and signal to noise ratio. The data rate 100Mb/s can be achieved for distance about 800m. The two rain models have difference behavior for distance larger than 300. On the other hand the receiver signal power, link margin, data rate and signal to noise ratio decreases with increasing distance and rain attenuation.