Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Space-Time Correlations in Two Subsonic Jets Using Dual Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements

Dual particle image velocimetry (dual PIV) measurements have been performed to investigate the space-time correlations in two subsonic isothermal round jets at Mach numbers of 0.6 and 0.9. The correlation scales are analyzed along the centerline and in the shear-layer center over the first 11 jet diameters from the nozzle exit To provide robust results over a wide range of flow conditions, these correlation scales are given in terms of their appropriate quantities, namely, the mean or rms velocity in reference to velocity and the momentum thickness or the half-velocity diameter in reference to length in the shear layer and on the jet axis, respectively. From these results, a discussion on the modeling of turbulence in jets is addressed. The self-similarity of some space correlation functions in the shear layer and on the jet axis is shown. Furthermore, far enough downstream in the shear layer, some of the ratios between the space and time scales are relatively close to the values expected in homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. It is also found that the ratio between the integral length and the time scales in the fixed frame is of the order of the local mean flow velocity. In the convected frame, the appropriate scaling factor is the rms velocity.
Application of the dual attribute time‐intensity (DATI) sensory method to the temporal measurement of bitterness and astringency in sorghum

Summary Bitterness and astringency are attributes generally cited as the cause of tannin sorghums being unpalatable. The objective here was to determine the effect of sorghums with varying tannin content on bitterness and astringency simultaneously using dual attribute time-intensity (DATI). A trained panel assessed bitterness and astringency of bran infusions of tannin and tannin-free sorghums. In both sorghum types, bitterness developed and reached maximum intensity faster (Tmax 22.5 s; P < 0.001) than astringency (27.9 s). The duration of the astringent sensation (Dtot 69.9 s) lasted longer than bitterness (66.3 s). Overall, the temporal parameters for bitterness distinguished infusions from tannin and tannin-free sorghums slightly more clearly than those for astringency. The research established that, for sorghum, bitterness and astringency are related. The DATI method also revealed that panellists’ perceptions of the time course of bitterness and astringency differ.
A Study of Mall Shopping Behaviour and Patronage: Perspectives from an Emerging Nation

Rapid developments in food retailing industry have led to growth of shopping malls, particularly in the large cities of Saudi Arabia. Extant literature has shown how certain store attributes will help retailers to differentiate themselves. Despite this importance, very little is known about the characteristics of the mall shoppers in Saudi Arabia. The purpose of this study is to profile shoppers' characteristics and their influence on shopping attitude and patronage. Using empirical research, this paper examines factors influencing shopping attitudes and mall patronage. The article discusses the findings and makes recommendations to retail store management. Future research directions are also suggested.
Differential predictive factors for cardiovascular events in patients with or without cancer history

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract Although attention has been paid to the relationship between malignant diseases and cardiovascular diseases, few data have been reported. Moreover, there have also been few reports in which the preventive factors were examined in patients with or without malignant disease histories requiring percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study. A total of 1003 post-PCI patients were divided into a malignant group, with current or past malignant disease, and a nonmalignant group. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization, and admission due to heart failure within 5 years of PCI. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significantly higher probability of the primary endpoint in the malignant group (P = .002). Multivariable Cox hazard analyses showed that in patients without a history of malignant, body mass index (BMI) and the presence of dyslipidemia were independent and significant negative predictors of the primary endpoint (BMI: hazard ratio [HR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.99, P = .041; prevalence of dyslipidemia: HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52–0.99, P = .048), and the presence of multi-vessel disease (MVD) and the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) were independent and significant positive predictors of the primary endpoint (prevalence of MVD: HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.18–2.40, P = .004; prevalence of PAD: HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.03–2.21, P = .034). In patients with histories of malignancy, no significant independent predictive factors were identified. Patients undergoing PCI with malignancy had significantly higher rates of adverse cardiovascular events but might not have the conventional prognostic factors.
Mapping of the silver coat colour locus in the horse

The silver dappled colour in horses is controlled by a dominant allele that dilutes the black pigment eumelanin. A black or brown horse that carries the allele becomes diluted in mainly mane and tail, while the hair of the body remains dark. The silver dapple colour is common in the Icelandic horse population and has also been observed in for example Shetland pony, Norwegian nordland, Rocky Mountain pony and Ardenne. The purpose of this project has been to try to map and characterise the silver dapple coat colour locus in the horse genome. This has been done by performing a linkage analysis with markers throughout the genome and a marker near a candidate gene; SILV at Equus Caballus chromosome 6 (ECA6). SILV is coding for a protein called Pmel17 that is involved in the production of eumelanin. The gene has been shown to control colour-diluting processes in mouse, chicken and dog. A half-sib family consisting of one Icelandic stallion, 34 of his offspring and 29 of their mothers were used (five offspring shared mother with another offspring). Seventeen of the offspring had the silver colour. Significant linkage was found between the silver phenotype and the marker TKY284 near the SILV gene. The six last exons and introns were sequenced and SNPs were found in intron 9/10 and in exon 11. The nucleotide substitution in exon 11 changes the second amino acid in the cytoplasmic region from an arginine to a cysteine and the same mutation is found in one type of hypopigmented chicken. Twenty-five silver horses from three breeds and 55 non-silver individuals were genotyped for the mutation and this showed a full association with the phenotype. These data shows that SILV probably is responsible for the silver dapple phenotype in horses. The cytoplasmic region of the protein is well conserved among vertebrates. The remaining parts of the SILV gene will be sequenced to search for more mutations and the mutation in exon 11 will be transfected into cell-lines to see how it affects the protein function. Of the pigment genes that earlier have been cloned, a majority is associated with human hereditary pigment diseases. Identifying genes and mutations for a pigmentary disease or a pigment phenotype can increase the understanding of the function of the protein and the molecular mechanisms behind the process of pigmentation and pigmentary changes.
PERCEPTION OF THE BEHAVIORS OF THE COACHES OF FOOTBALL, VOLLEYBALL AND BASKETBALL PLAYERS

The aim of this study is to investigate the perception of the amateur football, volleyball, and basketball players and their coaches’ behaviour towards them. 100 amateur football, 60 volleyball and 62 basketball players that filled recognition survey fully are included to the study. Turkish version of Coach Behavior Rating Scale was used. One Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and LSD (Least Significant Difference) tests were used for statically processing. There is no significant difference found in evaluation of coach behavior of football, volleyball, and basketball players in terms of personal rapport from subscales (p>0.05). A significant difference has been revealed in the sum of scale in physical training and goal setting at p<0.05 level and technical skills, mental preparation, competition strategies, negative personal rapport, and scale total score behavior of coach at p<0.001 level. There were differences according to branches. Technical skills and competition strategies have been found in volleyball more high from amateur football and basketball players. Negative personal rapport has been found in amateur footballers lower from volleyball and basketball players. Differences have been found in detection levels of amateur footballers, volleyball, and basketball players for coaches’ behaviour against them. A very useful outcome would be for a coach to produce a “Personal Improvement Behaviors” and set goals for the next of behaviours. According to branches, the reasons of differences in detection levels of coaches’ behaviors should be determined and eliminated. Article visualizations:
A Process-Oriented Spatiotemporal Clustering Method for Complex Trajectories of Dynamic Geographic Phenomena

There exists a kind of trajectories of dynamic geographic phenomena, which have splitting, merging, or merging-splitting branches. Clustering these complex trajectories may help to more deeply explore and analyze the evolution mechanism of geographic phenomena. However, few methods explore the clustering patterns of such trajectories. Thus, we propose a Process-oriented Spatiotemporal Clustering Method (PoSCM) for clustering complex trajectories with multiple branches. The PoSCM includes the following three parts: the first represents the trajectories with a “process-sequence-node” structure inspired by a process-oriented semantic model; the second designs a hierarchical similarity measurement method to calculate the similarity of space, time, thematic attributes and evolution structure between any two trajectories; the last uses a density-based clustering algorithm to mine the trajectories’ clustering patterns. Simulation experiments are used to evaluate PoSCM and to demonstrate the advantages by comparing against that of the VF2 algorithm. A case study of sea surface temperature abnormal variation (SSTAV) trajectories in the Pacific Ocean is addressed. The clustering results not only validate well-known knowledge but also provide some new insights about the evolution characteristics of SSTAVs during El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO); these insights may provide new references for further study on global climate change.
The Effects of Fermented Soybean Meal on Growth Performance and Immune Characteristics in Weaned Piglets

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on growth performance and immune characteristics of piglets. In all, 60 crossbred piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were allocated to 2 dietary treatments; 3 replications of 10 pigs were used for each treatment, and all piglets were weaned at 35 days and fed for 23 days. The results showed that average daily gain (ADG) improved (1.44% vs. 1.36%) in piglets fed the FSBM diet and feed gain ratio (FGR) decreased by 5.56% (P < 0.05) compared to the controls (soybean meal treatment). The level of serum IgG decreased 27.2% (P < 0.01) in piglets fed FSBM. Lymphocytes from whole blood had a lower proliferative response to concanavalin A (ConA) (P < 0.01) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the splenocytes of piglets fed FSBM also showed lower proliferative response to ConA (P < 0.05) and LPS (P < 0.01). The results indicated that FSBM was beneficial to growth performance and decreased the immune response to soybean protein in piglets.
Effect of gibberellic acid and potassium silicate on physiological growth of Okra ( A belmoschus esculentus L . ) under salinity stress

The aim of this investigation was to improve salt tolerance abilities in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) by foliar application of potassium silicate and seed priming with GA3. A pot experiment was conducted at Awan Nursery Farm, Haripur, to investigate whether seed priming with GA3 and foliar application of potassium silicate could ameliorate the toxic effects of salinity on okra growth. Two okra cultivars Sabz Pari and Mehak Pari were exposed to two levels of NaCl (control and 50mM) according to the saturation percentage of soil. Seeds of okra were primed with three levels of GA3 (50mg/L, 75mg/L and 100mg/L) before sowing. After 18 days of germination okra plants were treated with three levels of potassium silicate (2mmol, 3mmol and 4mmol) exogenously as foliar spray to protect the plants against salt stress. Data for different growth parameters such as root length, shoot length, plant height, root and shoot fresh weight, root and shoot dry weight were collected. Okra cultivar Sabz Pari showed maximum resistance towards salinity as compared to Mehak Pari. Applications of GA3 decreased the harmful effects of salinity and enhanced the overall growth of okra whereas silicon failed to impart any significant difference on okra.
Multiscale lattice fracture model for cement-based materials

Cracking in cement-based materials is usually not easy to predict, because of the complexity of their microstructures. Concrete is a composite material of mortar and coarse aggregates, and mortar consists of cement paste and sands. The fracture processes in these materials are related, and this paper aims to reveal the relationship by developing a multiscale model using lattice approach. Lattice fracture model was proposed and applied to simulate the fracture processes in concrete in the early 1990s. Afterwards it gained extensive investigations as it can reproduce the crack patterns observed in laboratory. The lattice model can also simulate the mechanical properties of cementbased materials, such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and fracture energy. In this paper, a multiscale lattice fracture model is proposed, which can connect the fracture behavior of cement paste at microscale to the mechanical properties of mortar at mesoscale, and eventually to the performance of concrete at macroscale. The upscaling technique in this model is an implementation of the multi-level homogenization concept.
Uniformity of Precipitation and Radial Profile of the Super 10 Sprinkler at Different Operating Pressures

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of operating parameters of the sprinkler Super 10, manufactured by NaanDanJain, with green, yellow and blue nozzles on the hydraulic characterization, so that this information can contribute to a better dimensioning of systems and management of irrigated areas. For the determination of UC and UD the radial method was used and with the aid of computer application CATCH 3D the overlapping of water slides with ten spacings was calculated. The results demonstrate that the mechanism used for the fractionation of the water jet of sprinkler Super 10 is efficient because it presented good uniformity of water distribution and low amplitude of precipitation. For high uniformity of distribution of water in the larger wetting radii, it is recommended to work with Super 10 sprinkler using the green nozzle, with a pressure of 40 mH2O and spacing between sprinklers and lateral lines 12 × 12 m.
Sequencing of 28SrRNA Gene for Identification of Trichoderma longibrachiatum 28CP/7444 Species in Soil Sample

Most of the Trichoderma species are morphologically very similar and were considered for many years as a single species. Since new species were discovered, a consolidated taxonomical scheme was needed and proposed and defined nine morphological species aggregates. DNA methods brought additional valuable criteria to the taxonomy of Trichoderma which are being used today for studies that include identification and phylogenetic classification. Most isolates of the genus Trichoderma that were found to act as mycoparasites of many economically important aerial and soil-borne plant pathogens. Trichoderma has attained importance for substitute of chemical pesticides and hence an attempt was intended to corroborate the positive relatedness of molecular and morphological characters. A fungal strain of Trichoderma longibrachiatum 28CP/7444 was isolated from a soil sample collected from Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh, India. The universal primers were used for amplification of the 28S rRNA gene fragment and strain characterized by using 28S rRNA gene sequence with the help of ITS marker. It is proposed that the identified strain Trichoderma longibrachiatum 28CP be assigned as the type strain of a species of the genus Trichoderma based on phylogenetic tree analysis together with the 28S rRNA gene sequence search in Ribosomal Database Project, small subunit rRNA and large subunit rRNA databases. The sequence was deposited in GenBank with the accession number JX978541. Thus an integrated approach of morphological and molecular markers can be employed to identify a superior strain of Trichoderma for its commercial exploitation.
BalanCI: Head-Referenced Cochlear Implant Stimulation Improves Balance in Children with Bilateral Cochleovestibular Loss

Introduction: To determine the impact of a head-referenced cochlear implant (CI) stimulation system, BalanCI, on balance and postural control in children with bilateral cochleovestibular loss (BCVL) who use bilateral CI. Methods: Prospective, blinded case-control study. Balance and postural control testing occurred in two settings: (1) quiet clinical setting and (2) immersive realistic virtual environment (Challenging Environment Assessment Laboratory [CEAL], Toronto Rehabilitation Institute). Postural control was assessed in 16 and balance in 10 children with BCVL who use bilateral CI, along with 10 typically developing children. Children with neuromotor, cognitive, or visual deficits that would prevent them from performing the tests were excluded. Children wore the BalanCI, which is a head-mounted device that couples with their CIs through the audio port and provides head-referenced spatial information delivered via the intracochlear electrode array. Postural control was measured by center of pressure (COP) and time to fall using the WiiTM (Nintendo, WA, USA) Balance Board for feet and the BalanCI for head, during the administration of the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance (CTSIB-M). The COP of the head and feet were assessed for change by deviation, measured as root mean square around the COP (COP-RMS), rate of deviation (COP-RMS/duration), and rate of path length change from center (COP-velocity). Balance was assessed by the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2, balance subtest (BOT-2), specifically, BOT-2 score as well as time to fall/fault. Results: In the virtual environment, children demonstrated more stable balance when using BalanCI as measured by an improvement in BOT-2 scores. In a quiet clinical setting, the use of BalanCI led to improved postural control as demonstrated by significant reductions in COP-RMS and COP-velocity. With the use of BalanCI, the number of falls/faults was significantly reduced and time to fall increased. Conclusions: BalanCI is a simple and effective means of improving postural control and balance in children with BCVL who use bilateral CI. BalanCI could potentially improve the safety of these children, reduce the effort they expend maintaining balance and allow them to take part in more complex balance tasks where sensory information may be limited and/or noisy.
Research on Security Testing and Simulation Platform of Smart Grid Substation System

With the development of grid systems, smart grid is gradually applied in the process of power generation, transmission, substation, distribution and consumption. Especially with the increasing development speed of smart grid systems, the information system based on SCADA has serious security risks such as illegal tampering and control which seriously damaged integrity, reliability and confidentiality of the smart grid systems. The cost of devices in smart grid is high, and it is hard to implement any security tests toward devices of smart grid system. Taking the smart substation as an example, this paper establishes a security experiment platform of smart grid substation system based on IEC 61850 communication standard. The platform simulates the relevant device and communication protocol in smart substation, established a typical smart substation control system, and improved security test effectiveness.
Sparsity augmented weighted collaborative representation for image classification

Abstract. Sparse representation-based classification (SRC) and collaborative representation-based classification (CRC) have garnered significant attention recently. In CRC, it is argued that it is the collaborative representation mechanism but not the ℓ1-norm sparsity that makes SRC successful for classification tasks. However, recent studies reveal that sparsity does play a critical role in accurate classification, thus it should not be totally overlooked due to relatively high computational cost. Inspired by these findings, we propose a method called sparsity augmented weighted collaborative representation-based classification (SA-WCRC) for image classification. First, the representation coefficients of the test sample are obtained via weighted collaborative representation and sparse representation, respectively. Second, we augment the coefficient obtained by weighted collaborative representation with the sparse representation. Finally, the test sample is classified based on the augmented coefficient and the label matrix of the training samples. Both the augmented coefficient and classification scheme make SA-WCRC efficient for classification. Experiments on three face databases and one scene dataset demonstrate the superiority of SA-WCRC over its counterparts.
Newly Qualified Nurses’ Perception of Their Competency Achievement on Leaving University: A Qualitative Study

Background: After implementing the Tuning Educational Structures in Europe Project, numerous efforts have been made to define, establish, and evaluate nursing competences. The European Federation of Nurses Association played a key role in enacting the nursing competences included in Directive 2013/55/EU. Nevertheless, assessing competences remains elusive, and there is little research into nurses’ perceptions of the competency training provided by their universities. The purpose of the study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of newly qualified nurses about the competences they acquired during their university education. Methods: A qualitative research study was developed in a Spanish university. Twelve semi-structured interviews with newly qualified nurses were conducted, and two focus groups made up of twelve students were carried out in order to triangulate the results. Participants were recruited through email contact. Interviews focused on clinical training, theoretical content, and the reality of healthcare. Data was analyzed thematically. Results: Two main themes emerged: (1) improving theoretical content and (2) rethinking practical lessons and clinical training. A lack of knowledge about mental health, pharmacology, or critical care has been found; in addition, it was highlighted, among others, the need to improve communication skills in difficult and conflictive situations. Conclusions: Considering the participants’ perception of deficiency in some aspects of most of the competences established by the European Federation of Nurses Association, further research has been suggested to include other stakeholders’ views.