Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Multiview Active Learning Approach for Spectral–Spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Images

Combining spectral and spatial features in hyperspectral image classification is a common practice due to the improvements in classification accuracy that can be obtained by extracting information from neighboring pixels. However, the resulting high dimensionality of the input data and the typically limited number of labeled samples are two key challenges that affect the overall performance of supervised classification methods. To alleviate these two issues, we propose an adaptive multiview (MV)-based active learning (AL) approach that is different from the existing MV AL methods in two main ways: 1) to improve the view sufficiency, a spectral–spatial view generation approach is proposed by incorporating spatial features derived from the segmentation maps into each view and 2) to increase the diversity across views, a dynamic view is generated at each AL iteration by selecting important features from the predefined views. The performance of each view is further improved by applying the proposed AL algorithm in conjunction with an ensemble approach as back-end classifier, a scenario less explored in the remote sensing community than single classifier-based AL methodologies. The proposed approach is applied to three widely analyzed hyperspectral data sets [i.e., Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Indian Pine, and University of Houston (UH)], and the results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method compared with other state-of-the-art AL classification methods.
Image segmentation for Acute Leukemia Cells using color thresholding and median filter

Acute leukemia is a kind of the malignant disease which may lead to death due to its characteristic of rapid development of immature blood cells. Recently, several image processing techniques have been implemented to assist the task of acute leukemia diagnosis. The segmentation of acute leukemia cells is an important key to determine the accuracy of its classification task. This paper proposed a combined technique of color thresholding based on the RGB color information from acute leukemia slide images and median filter to segment the leukemia cells from the unwanted regions such as background and red blood cells. The presented results proved that the proposed technique was successfully segmented the acute leukemia cells from the Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia slide images, with the average accuracy rate of 97.63% and 97.64% respectively. Therefore, the proposed image segmentation technique could benefits the classification process of acute leukemia.
Low overhead NOMA receiver with automatic modulation classification techniques

Recently non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique has been proposed for boosting spectral efficiencies in 5G cellular networks. In NOMA the transmitter maps a predefined number of user symbols on to the same resources. The conventional receiver for NOMA is the well-known serial interference cancellation. To overcome the problem of high overhead signalling, a receiver with an automatic modulation classification (AMC) algorithm for a K-user NOMA which identifies the modulation scheme of users before symbol detection is proposed. First, a two-user NOMA (TU-NOMA) scheme is treated and the receiver is extended to more general cases. For evaluating the performance of the proposed receiver its bit error rate (BER) for TU-NOMA case has been driven and shown that this can be approximated as the sum of the demodulator BER and the AMC algorithm error probability. The simulation results show the BER degradation can be neglected if an enough number of symbols with sufficiently large SNR values are available.
Pre-service elementary teachers’ difficulties in solving realistic division problems

The purpose of this study is to investigate pre-service elementary teachers’ realistic considerations and difficulties in solving “division with remainder” type of problems which focus on the measurement meaning of division operation. The qualitative research method of case study design was used for the study. The purposive sampling method was used to determine the participants. A total of 60 senior pre-service teachers who had already taken mathematics teaching courses participated in the study. They were enrolled in the Elementary Teacher Education Program of the Faculty of Education in Turkey in 2018-2019 academic year. The data collection tool included a problem based questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to obtain a detailed description of participants’ difficulties related to division with remainder problems. The questionnaire included four groups of problems according to the types of the remainder: Remainder Divisible, Remainder Not Divisible, Remainder as the Result, and Readjusted Quotient by Partial Increments. Based on Verschaffel, De Corte and Lasure’s (1994) framework, participants’ answers to the problems were analyzed and categorized into four groups as “realistic answer, expected answer, arithmetic error, and other error”. The findings showed that the preservice teachers’ answers were mostly coded under the Realistic Answer category compared to the other categories.
Analysis and design of single‐stage, two‐mode AC/DC converters for on‐board battery charging applications

On-board battery chargers (OBCs) offer the feasibility of charging electric vehicles or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles with a standard household power supply. In this study, an OBC using two-mode topology (step-up or step-down) is presented. One of the main concern with two-mode topologies is the hard transitions of the converter operating from boost mode to buck mode or vice versa, which can deteriorate the performance of converter. This study provides smooth transitions between the modes and can have an output that could be more or less than the peak of input voltage. The detailed analysis of operating modes involved in the converter are analysed in the study. Moreover, the stress analysis on the components is also detailed in this study and the results are compared with existing two-mode converters. A simple dual-loop control structure with the proposed modulation technique eliminates the sub-harmonic oscillations and stabilizes the output voltage is also presented in the study. Experimental validation is performed for a 1.0 kW laboratory prototype and the results obtained are detailed in the study. This proposed converter topology can be applied as a single-stage OBC or as a power factor correction converter with variable DC link voltages in isolated two-stage OBC.
Prediction of cardiovascular risk among male patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Vojvodina, Serbia: A single centre study

Introduction. Human immunodeficiency virus infection is a disease of the modern era and it is estimated that there are more than 30 million infected individuals worldwide. Although the major cause is still unclear, patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus are at higher risk of ardiovascular diseases by 61% compared to general population. Material and Methods. This study included 111 male patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus treated at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Novi Sad, Serbia from January 2008 to December 2018. Five cardiovascular risk scores were used: Data Collection on Adverse Events of Antihuman immunodeficiency virus Drugs, Framingham 10-year Heart Score, Framingham 5-year Heart Score, prediction algorithm for cardiovascular disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimator, at the beginning of the treatment, whereas cardiovascular events were recorded during the following 10 years. Results. Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-human immunodeficiency virus Drugs, Framingham 10-year Heart Score, Framingham 5-year Heart Score, and prediction algorithm for cardiovascular disease are tools that can identify individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus at cardiovascular risk with statistical significance. The prediction algorithm for cardiovascular disease provides superior risk estimation compared to other scores. The atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimator did not show to be a marker of cardiovascular risk prediction among this population of patients. Conlusion. The above mentioned cardiovascular risk prediction algorithms, developed for general population, and Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-human immunodeficiency virus Drugs score, specific for population infected with human immunodeficiency virus, allow accurate cardiovascular risk estimation. Until the development of more specific algorithms, these scores are adequate tools for identification of patients at risk, providing prevention measures and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
A blockchain-based technique for making swarm robots distributed decision

The paper considers the problem of distributed decision making in the robot swarm. The enhancement technique of the related study approach is proposed using the data transmission distance constraints and the weighted voting strategy. The decision making process is organized by means of distributed ledger usage. The information propagation through the swarm is implemented via spreading randomized rumor. The avoidance of routing in the swarm improves the overall energy efficiency of the system. The weighted voting transactions take into account the positions of the robots relating to the unknown objects or obstacles, as well as the voting history, which is stored in a distributed ledger
The ubiquity of ignorance: a practical theological challenge of our time

ABSTRACT Although academics are dedicated to the pursuit of knowledge, few realize that as we construct knowledge, we simultaneously produce ignorance by habitually ignoring what we tend to ignore. When we do reflect on ignorance, we are more inclined to focus on other people’s ignorance than our own. In this paper, I take the case of Brexit as the ‘perfect storm’ of ignorance to re-examine how practical theologians in the UK (and beyond) approach research. I explore the practice of demonization in caricatures from both sides of the referendum, using the work of Elaine Pagels. I then open up the practice by identifying related habits of ignorance, drawing on the theories of John Dewey. I challenge practical theologians not to leave ourselves to our own research devices intended to mitigate our ignorance, but rather to consider that our own fallibility requires methods that cultivate dependency on others not like us, so that we might help one another know what we would otherwise ignore.
IS KSE-100 INDEX A MEAN-VARIANCE EFFICIENT PORTFOLIO?

The purpose of this study was to test the efficiency of the KSE-100 Index based on the underlying principles of efficient portfolios assuming that the allocation of portfolios in the benchmark KSE-100 Index satisfy the underlying conditions of an efficient portfolio since KSE-100 Index is assumed to depict the sentiment of the entire market. In order to do so hundred portfolios were constructed taking randomly generated weights while incorporating return and variance-covariance of all the securities enlisted as KSE-100 companies by KSE. The results indicate that the KSE-100 Index is not mean-variance efficient, in view of the comparison of actual Return-Risk Ratios of randomly developed portfolios. Hence, it is high time for the management of Pakistan Stock Exchange to reconsider the security allocation criteria of KSE-100 Index based on mean-variance efficiency rather than value-based criteria that has little practical significance. It can be further highlighted that portfolio managers who base their calculations on the performance of KSE-100 Index using it as a benchmark may miss better opportunities for portfolio selection and return-risk trade-off on their investments.
Why Are Emotionally Incapable Managers Selected

The study examined the perceptions of Finnish human resource managers about the prevalence, quality and causes of problems with emotional intelligence in organizations where they have worked during their careers. In addition, the values of HR managers and their perceptions of the top managers’ values in their organizations were examined. The study revealed the causes of problems with emotional intelligence and the lack of emphasis on emotional intelligence in the selection of new managers. In addition, the study revealed that HR professionals and managers are not able to adequately influence the selection of new managers. We suggest that organizations and HR managers should use emotional intelligence scores as a metric in manager candidate selection in order to increase their chances of hiring an effective leader. We also suggest that emotional intelligence should in the future be included in as a factor to the concept of ethical leadership and culture of organizations.
Characterization of tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) interplay for gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GA) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC).

22Background: Tumor genomic instability is positively correlated with immunotherapy response. It confers different tumor phenotypes, including high TMB (TMB-H) and high MSI (MSI-H). Recently the US Food and Drug Administration approved MSI-H phenotype as a biomarker for immunotherapy, highlighting its importance, but also bringing up the question of how TMB as another promising biomarker is going to add value in the field. Here, we characterized TMB and MSI profiles to better understand the potential TMB contribution and identify genomic markers for it. Methods: 734 solid tumor were collected, with 462 CRC, and 272 GA samples. Large panel Next-Generation Sequencing assay with the ability to determine TMB and MSI, was performed on each sample. Based on the TMB and MSI status, patients were grouped into four categories: THMH (TMB-H and MSI-H), THMS (TMB-H and MSI-Stable), TLMH (TMB-Low and MSI-H), and TLMS (TMB-Low and MSI-Stable). To identify genes that are related to the interplay of TMB and MSI, Random F.
Applications of Mining Arabic Text: A Review

Since the appearance of text mining, the Arabic language gained some interest in applying several text mining tasks over a text written in the Arabic language. There are several challenges faced by the researchers. These tasks include Arabic text summarization, which is one of the challenging open areas for research in natural language processing (NLP) and text mining fields, Arabic text categorization, and Arabic sentiment analysis. This chapter reviews some of the past and current researches and trends in these areas and some future challenges that need to be tackled. It also presents some case studies for two of the reviewed approaches.
Why-stripping in English: A corpus-based perspective

Why-stripping in English, a type of elliptical constructions, consists of the expression why and a focus bearing remnant (e.g., Why me? ). The construction shares certain properties with related constructions such as Sluicing and Stripping but at the same time has its own independent peculiarities. This paper first reviews some key properties of the construction and investigates its uses with attested corpus data. In accounting for how unexpressed expressions in such an elliptical construction can be resolved, there have been two competing trends, movement-and-deletion and direct interpretation (DI) approaches. The former postulates unpronounced syntactic representations at the ellipsis site while the latter consults the semantic/discourse information present in the antecedent. A variety of the corpus data we have identified as Why-stripping challenge the movement-and-deletion approach that heavily depends upon the syntactic information in the antecedent in order to resolve the elided parts. The paper briefly sketches how the attested data can be accounted for within a DI approach. (Kyung Hee University · Universite de Paris)
Trends of Utilization of Family Planning Methods at Divisional Headquarter Hospital of Mirpur, AJ and K

G Research Article Trends of Utilization of Family Planning Methods at Divisional Headquarter Hospital of Mirpur, AJ and K Hina Zubair, Saima Perveen, Saeed Alam, Akkad Rafiq* and Sara Ejaz Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur Azad Kashmir; Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur Azad Kashmir; Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur Azad Kashmir; Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur Azad Kashmir; Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KEMU/ Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore. Abstract | Controlling the population growth is one of the most feasible solutions to reduce burden on the country and it can be achieved by effective use of contraception. This study was designed to analyze the trends of utilization of different family planning methods in relation with socio-demographic factors at divisional headquarter hospital in a year time. A retrospective study was performed by analyzing one year records from family planning clinic at divisional headquarter hospital. At family planning centers, a total of 920 individuals attended the Reproductive Health Services from April 2015 to March 2016. Among them, 92% individual utilized temporary methods and only 8% utilized permanent methods. Regarding temporary solutions, a total of 299 (33%) selected intrauterine device, 233 (25%) had used injectable, 191 (21%) adapted oral contraception pills and 121 (13%) selected Barrier methods (condoms). Among permanent solutions, a total of 76 (8%) had bilateral tubal ligation and no vasectomy. Investigations highlighted that males were not convinced to adapt male sterilization owing to social pressure of family. Findings of this study showed that the majority of the individuals are comfortable with the use of intrauterine contraception devices; however need of the hour is to introduce awareness compaigns to educate general public for better use of contraception especially male partner as it is less invasive compared to female partner.
Awareness about Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Medical Ethics pertaining to Patient Care, among Male and Female Physicians Working in a Public Sector Hospital of Karachi, Pakistan - A Cross-Sectional Survey

The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical ethics among male and female healthcare professionals in a public sector hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. A structured questionnaire about knowledge of medical ethics and its role in the everyday decision making in the hospital was developed, tested and distributed among residents, consultant physicians at the Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital, during June and August 2016. The paper analyzed 70 responses from doctors at various level of training comprising residents and consultants. Each question had sub parts and hence was scored accordingly. The participants encountered ethical decision making situations in a diverse regularity, varying from ‘daily’ to ‘annually’. Interestingly, 9% of the doctors were not aware of the primary contents of the Hippocratic Oath, and 89% of these were junior doctors. Details of Nuremberg Code and Helsinki Code were known only to 4% of the total sample. Female physicians had a stronger opinion as compared to male physicians regarding practice of ethics. This included topics such as complying with the consent for procedures, treating violent/non-compliant patients, listening to the patient’s wishes, autonomy and above all the attribute of maintaining confidentiality. A significant difference in the level of knowledge between diverse cadres of physicians was noted. Physicians who had cleared their qualifying and/or licensing exams exams in first attempt scored higher than those who did not. The female participants have 1.65 times the odds of having a higher knowledge about medical ethics, than male participants, keeping all other variables constant. The study highlights the need to strengthen the professional knowledge regarding medical ethics issues, among the health care workforce in public sector hospitals of the developing world. In our data, female physicians working in the government sector hospitals in Karachi, demonstrate a higher knowledge about medical ethics, than male participants, keeping all other variables constant.
Studying the Ability of some Bacteria Isolated from Egyptian Soils to Fix Nitrogen and Solubilize Phosphate, In Vitro

Nitrogen and phosphorous are critical determinants for plant growth and productivity. Some soil bacteria can provide them in available forms to plants. These bacteria can be used as nitrogen fixers biofertilizers. In the current study, eighteen isolates of Azotobacter spp. were separated. The efficacy concentrations of the N2-fixation were examined using acetylene reduction technique, the isolates reduced acetylene at rates of 31.01 to 861.01 nmoles C2H4/ml/day. The highest lively isolate was No. AZ 14; recognized as Azotobacter beijerinckii. 8 phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were insulated. These 8 P-solubilizing bacteria were analyzed for the tendency to solubilize P from tri-calcium phosphate in liquid Pikovskaya’s medium. The uppermost amount of free phosphorus in vigorously developing culture was 0.3652g g/100 ml after 28 days of cultivation and 0.1515g/100 ml after 7 days of cultivation on tri-calcium phosphate, correspondingly by isolate PSB 5 which was recognized as Bacillus paramycoides. Both nitrogen fixing bacteria and P-solubilizing bacteria isolates were genetically identified according to www. ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/blast data bank. The two isolates were defined according to standard morphological and biochemical tests as well as molecular tests.
Effect of Foliar Application of Nutrients and Growth Regulator on Growth and Yield of Green gram (Vigna radiate L.)

A field experiment was conducted at the College of Agricultural Technology, Kullapuram Theni during 2015-2016 on “Effect of foliar application of nutrients and growth regulator on growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiate L.)”. A randomized block design with eight treatments replicated thrice. Foliar spray treatment with the aqueous solution of nutrients was done at 30 and 45 DAS. Significant increases were recorded in plant height, dry matter accumulation, number of pod plant-1, number of seed plant-1 and seed yield with foliar application of nutrients. Maximum grain yield was recorded under the foliar spray of DAP @ 2% + TNAU Pulse Wonder@ 5kg ha-1 (1%) + NAA 40 ppm at flowering and followed by DAP @ 2% + NAA 40 ppm is the viable nutrient management package to the green gram for getting higher income through higher productivity.
Impact of Green Supply Chain Management Practices on Corporate Image: Mediating role of Green Communications

The study aims to determine the corporate brand image developed by the green supply chain management affected by the green purchasing, green communications, the customer cooperation, eco-design, internal environment management and investment recovery extent. This research adopts a positivist paradigm using quantitative techniques of data collection through surveys and applying a deductive approach to answer the research problem. The population for this research was based upon the entire list of manufacturing companies that are listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange. Out of these companies a representative sample of 120 was selected. This study confirms the impact of ecofriendly activities, inventory, green supply chain, internal environment and customer cooperation on the image of a corporation through a mediating variable green communications. This study has this limitation of being a cross-sectional study as the data was collected through convenient sampling and Secondly, this study is only conducted in one country Pakistan and is only restricted to one sector.