Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multicast routing protocol in mobile networks

Providing a multicast service to mobile hosts is difficult due to frequent changes of mobile host location and group membership. To overcome the difficulty, several multicast protocols for mobile hosts have been proposed. But they include glitches such as a non-optimal delivery route, duplicated datagrams, and overheads caused by the frequent reconstruction of a multicast tree. We summarize these problems and propose an efficient multicast protocol. The proposed protocol reduces the data delivery path length and decreases not only the amount of duplicated data but also multicast traffic load. The performance of the proposed protocol was evaluated by simulation and we got an improved performance.
Phase Retrieval from Incomplete Magnitude Information via Total Variation Regularization

The phase retrieval problem has drawn considerable attention, as many optical detection devices can only measure magnitudes of the Fourier transform of the underlying object (signal or image). This paper addresses the phase retrieval problem from incomplete data, where only partial magnitudes of Fourier transform are obtained. In particular, we consider structured illuminated patterns in holography and find that noninteger values used in designing such patterns often yield better reconstruction than the conventional integer-valued ones. Furthermore, we demonstrate theoretically and numerically that three diffracted sets of (complete) magnitude data are sufficient to recover the object. To compensate for incomplete information, we incorporate a total variation regularization a priori to guarantee that the reconstructed image satisfies some desirable properties. The proposed model can be solved efficiently by an alternative directional multiplier method with provable convergence. Numerical experiments valid.
A 0–10GHz SP16T MEMS switch for switched beam satellite antenna systems

This paper presents the design, manufacturing and testing of a MEMS SP16T switch to be used in open loop reconfigurable antenna systems. It consists of the hybrid integration of #5 MEMS SP4T switches (realized on HR Silicon substrate) on a multilayer substrate. The bilayer structure allows one to avoid RF and DC signal crossovers that could degrade the switch performance. The device is provided with SMA connectors and Control Electronic Board to operate with standard 0-5V signals. A wideband device was developed, working from DC up to 10GHz. The switch has been designed using both circuital and full-wave EM models. The simulations are presented in comparison with the measured performance. The SP16T switch shows return and insertion loss better than 12dB and 3.2dB, isolation better than 24dB from 0 up to 10GHz. Tests on the actual antenna systems are on-going.
Techniques for Modeling of Swirling Fluid Structures and Stability Analysis

In this paper we develop descriptor techniques for modeling swirling hydrodynamic structures. Using the descriptor notation we obtain the generalized eigenvalue formulation for differential-algebraic equations describing the spatial stability of the fluid flow. We describe the general framework for spatial stability investigation of vortex structures in both viscous and inviscid cases. The dispersion relation is analytically investigated and the polynomial eigenvalue problem describing the viscous spatial stability is reduced to a generalized eigenvalue problem in operator formulation using the companion vector technique. A different approach is assessed for spatial inviscid study when the stability model is obtained by means of a class of shifted orthogonal basis and a spectral differentiation matrix is derived to approximate the discrete spatial derivatives. Both schemes applied to a swirling fluid profile provide good results. Key-Words: Hydrodynamic stability, Swirling flow, Descriptor operators, Spectral collocation.
An improved approach for online trending forum detection based on sentiment analysis

Sentiment analysis is all about opinion mining. Analyze emotions, characteristics and opinions of users about any products, topics, or problem. For the public opinion, internet is becoming a spreading and very wide platform where online forums, social sites, blogs and other sites contains opinion and review of people in form of comments and posted messages. Now a days the knowledge obtained from these sites, blogs and comments and poster is very useful for marketing research. In these process to detect online trending forum, In first phase emotional polarity of poster messages is calculated and in second phase trending forums are identified using clustering method i.e. EM (Expectation Maximization) and different classification methods i.e. SVM, PSO-SVM, Naïve Bayes, Random forest. In this research paper, emotional polarity of poster comments calculated by Lexicon approach of sentiment analysis using python script. After that trending forums are identified by two approaches EM clustering and Random Forest classification technique gives better result than previous approaches to detect trending forum.
Two-dimensional optical lattices in a CO2 laser.

Using a cavity with a large Fresnel number, a nontrivial large-scale order resulting from global multimode-interaction dynamics is found in the transverse structure of a ${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$ laser beam. Two-dimensional optical lattices displaying several hundred phase singularities each have been observed. The symmetry properties of these far-field patterns and their associate temporal spectra are studied as a function of two control parameters: the Fresnel number and the transverse intermode spacing.
How international is the International Journal for Quality in Health Care?

The International Society for Quality in Health Care strives to ‘improve the quality and safety of healthcare worldwide through education, research, collaboration and the dissemination of evidence-based knowledge. ’ The Society's Journal aims to contribute to this goal, particularly the dissemination of (worldwide) evidence-based knowledge. But do we really reflect an international perspective? This is not simply an issue of formal adhesion to the society's values or of political correctness. Today's world can be described as a ‘global village,’ and increasing contact between peoples of diverse origins and backgrounds can have considerable positive value for science and development [1]. A number of efforts have been developed to specifically encourage a more global in perspective in health research [2, 3]. In the hard sciences, it could be argued that the researcher's culture or country of origin is of little relevance, because the questions probed by the researchers are universal. Human DNA, for instance, will function much the same way regardless of social context or location. However, in the social sciences, the converse is true. Social constructs, such as quality of care, will vary from one society to the next. More importantly, health care itself is a human artefact and the ways in which health systems operate vary widely from one society to another. By facilitating the exchange of diverse ideas and experiences, we can contribute to a broader understanding of health care. But how well does the International Journal for Quality in Health Care do at contributing to international exchanges of ideas? In order to explore this question, we examined the distribution of countries of origin …
Speaker identification by speech spectrograms: a scientists' view of its reliability for legal purposes.

Can you reliably identify a person by examining the spectrographic patterns of his speech sounds? This is a scientific problem of social consequence because of the interest of the courts in this question. The Technical Committee on Speech Communication of the Acoustical Society of America has asked some of its members to review the matter from a scientific point of view. The topics they considered included the nature of speech information as it relates to speaker identification, a comparison of voice patterns and fingerprint patterns, experimental evidence on voice identification, and requirements for validation of such identification methods. Findings and conclusions are reported; supporting information is given in appendixes.
TheTranscriptomeof Nacobbusaberrans Reveals Insights into the Evolution of Sedentary Endoparasitism in Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Within the phylum Nematoda, plant-parasitism is hypothesized to have arisen independently on at least four occasions. The most economically damaging plant-parasitic nematode species, and consequently the most widely studied, are those that feed as they migrate destructively through host roots causing necrotic lesions (migratory endoparasites) and those that modify host root tissue to create a nutrient sink from which they feed (sedentary endoparasites). The false root-knot nematode Nacobbus aberrans is the only known species to have both migratory endoparasitic and sedentary endoparasitic stages within its life cycle. Moreover, its sedentary stage appears to have characteristics of both the root-knot and the cyst nematodes. We present the first large-scale genetic resource of any false-root knotnematode species.WeuseRNAseq todescribe relativeabundance changes inall expressedgenesacross the life cycle to provide interesting insights into the biology of this nematode as it transitions between modes of parasitism. A multigene phylogenetic analysis of N. aberrans with respect to plant-parasitic nematodes of all groups confirms its proximity to both cyst and root-knot nematodes. We present a transcriptome-wide analysis of both lateral gene transfer events and the effector complement. Comparing parasitism genes of typical root-knot and cyst nematodes to those of N. aberrans has revealed interesting similarities. Importantly, genes that were believed to be either cyst nematode, or root-knot nematode, “specific” have both been identified in N. aberrans. Our results provide insights into the characteristics of a common ancestor and the evolution of sedentary endoparasitism of plants by nematodes.
Microflora Changes With the Use of a Vaginal Microbicide

Background The rate of HIV transmission is increasing more in women than in any other group. There is an urgent need for the development of microbicides with activity against this virus that women can use during intercourse. These products must be convenient, effective, and safe, and ideally they will cause minimal disruption in the normal vaginal ecosystem. Goal The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in vaginal microflora, specifically Lactobacillus species, with the use of BufferGel. Study Design A prospective cohort study was performed to evaluate the change in vaginal flora before and after BufferGel use. BufferGel was applied vaginally once or twice daily for 14 days by low-risk abstinent and monogamous women. Results There was no change in frequency of Lactobacillus species after BufferGel use. However, there was a decrease in H2O2-producing lactobacilli (from 4.9 × 107 to 1.1 × 107 cfu;P = 0.001). The proportion of facultative gram-negative rods present increased from 27% to 65% after BufferGel use, whereas obligately anaerobic microbes decreased from 62% to 38%. Conclusion Use of BufferGel once or twice daily for 14 days resulted in no clinically significant change in Lactobacillus colonization.
Prognostic Performance of Different Lymph Node Staging Systems After Curative Intent Resection for Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Objective: To compare the prognostic performance of American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer seventh N stage relative to lymph node ratio (LNR), log odds of metastatic lymph nodes (LODDS), and N score in gastric adenocarcinoma. Background: Metastatic disease to the regional LN basin is a strong predictor of worse long-term outcome following curative intent resection of gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods: A total of 804 patients who underwent surgical resection of gastric adenocarcinoma were identified from a multi-institutional database. The relative discriminative abilities of the different LN staging/scoring systems were assessed using the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and the Harrell's concordance index (c statistic). Results: Of the 804 patients, 333 (41.4%) had no lymph node metastasis, whereas 471 (58.6%) had lymph node metastasis. Patients with ≥N1 disease had an increased risk of death (hazards ratio = 2.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.68–2.61; P < 0.001]. When assessed using categorical cutoff values, LNR had a somewhat better prognostic performance (C index: 0.630; AIC: 4321.9) than the American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition (C index: 0.615; AIC: 4341.9), LODDS (C index: 0.615; AIC: 4323.4), or N score (C index: 0.620; AIC: 4324.6). When LN status was modeled as a continuous variable, the LODDS staging system (C index: 0.636; AIC: 4304.0) outperformed other staging/scoring systems including the N score (C index: 0.632; AIC: 4308.4) and LNR (C index: 0.631; AIC: 4225.8). Among patients with LNR scores of 0 or 1, there was a residual heterogeneity of outcomes that was better stratified and characterized by the LODDS. Conclusions: When assessed as a categorical variable, LNR was the most powerful manner to stratify patients on the basis of LN status. LODDS was a better predicator of survival when LN status was modeled as a continuous variable, especially among those patients with either very low or high LNR.
A fast and robust segmentation of magnetic resonance brain images using a combination of the pyramidal approach and level set method

We propose in this article an approach to optimize the processing time and to improve the quality of brain magnetic resonance images segmentation. Level set method (LSM) was adopted with a periodic reinitialization process to prevent the LS function from being too steep or too flat near the interface. Although it is used to maintain the stability of the interface evolution and gives interesting results, it requires a longer processing time.
Enforcing Consistency on Coreference Sets

We show that intra-sentential binding constraints can act as global constraints that via transitivity enforce consistency on coreference sets. This yields about 5 % increase in performance. In our model, the probabilities of a baseline classi er for coreference resolution are used as weights in an optimization model. The underlying integer linear programming (ILP) speci cation is straightforward binding constraints give rise to (local) exclusiveness of markables, transitivity propagates these restrictions and enforces the re-computation of coreference sets.
Effective suppression of pro‐inflammatory molecules by DHCA via IKK‐NF‐κB pathway, in vitro and in vivo

Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (DHCA), a lignan compound isolated from Cucurbita moschata, has previously been shown to contain anti‐adipogenic and antilipogenic effects on 3T3‐L1 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. As some of phytochemicals derived from natural plants show anti‐inflammatory or antioxidative activities, we determined whether DHCA affects the production of pro‐inflammatory mediators and also investigated its underlying mechanisms.
Conformational biosensors reveal allosteric interactions between heterodimeric AT1 angiotensin and prostaglandin F2α receptors

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are conformationally dynamic proteins transmitting ligand-encoded signals in multiple ways. This transmission is highly complex and achieved through induction of distinct GPCR conformations, which preferentially drive specific receptor-mediated signaling events. This conformational capacity can be further enlarged via allosteric effects between dimers, warranting further study of these effects. Using GPCR conformation-sensitive biosensors, we investigated allosterically induced conformational changes in the recently reported F prostanoid (FP)/angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) heterodimer. Ligand occupancy of the AT1R induced distinct conformational changes in FP compared with those driven by PGF2α in bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)-based FP biosensors engineered with Renilla luciferase (RLuc) as an energy donor in the C-tail and fluorescein arsenical hairpin binder (FlAsH)-labeled acceptors at different positions in the intracellular loops. We also found that this allosteric communication is mediated through Gαq and may also involve proximal (phospholipase C) but not distal (protein kinase C) signaling partners. Interestingly, β-arrestin-biased AT1R agonists could also transmit a Gαq-dependent signal to FP without activation of downstream Gαq signaling. This transmission of information was specific to the AT1R/FP complex, as activation of Gαq by the oxytocin receptor did not recapitulate the same phenomenon. Finally, information flow was asymmetric in the sense that FP activation had negligible effects on AT1R-based conformational biosensors. The identification of partner-induced GPCR conformations may help identify novel allosteric effects when investigating multiprotein receptor signaling complexes.
On the feasibility of through-wafer optical interconnects for hybrid wafer-scale-integrated architectures

The desire to achieve a high degree of parallelism in multiwafer wafer-scale-integrated (WSI) based architectures has stimulated study of three-dimensional interconnect structures obtained by stacking wafer circuit boards and providing interconnections vertically between wafers over the entire wafer area in addition to planar connections. While the advantages of optical over electrical interconnects for conventional two-dimensional VLSI and wafer-scale-integrated circuits have not been clearly demonstrated, for dense multiwafer WSI or hybrid-WSI three-dimensional architectures, the ability to pass information optically between circuit planes without mechanical electrical contacts offers potential advantages. While optical waveguides are readily fabricated in the wafer plane, waveguiding vertically through the wafer is difficult. If additional processing is required for waveguides or lenses, it should be compatible with standard VLSI processing. This paper presents one method of meeting this criterion. Using optical devices operating at wavelengths beyond the Si absorption cutoff, low-loss through-wafer propagation between WSI circuit planes can be achieved over the distances of interest (≈ 1 mm) with the interstitial Si wafers as part of the interconnect "free-space" transmission medium. The thickness of existing VLSI layers can be readily adjusted in featureless regions of the wafer to provide antireflection windows such that >90 percent transmittance can be obtained through p-type silicon. Initial results show a 400-percent source-detector coupling enhancement is obtainable for these optical interconnections using VLSI process-compatible SiO2phase-reversal zone plate lenses.
Characterization of Member of DUF1888 Protein Family, Self-cleaving and Self-assembling Endopeptidase*

Background: The Shewanella oneidensis SO1698 belongs to a protein family with unknown function. Results: The protein has three activities; it cleaves its own peptide backbone, it forms an internal cross-link through Lys-98, and it self-assembles into a covalently linked oligomer. Conclusion: The conserved Asp-Pro motif activates water that hydrolyzes the protein backbone. Significance: The protein represents a new family of endopeptidases. The crystal structure of SO1698 protein from Shewanella oneidensis was determined by a SAD method and refined to 1.57 Å. The structure is a β sandwich that unexpectedly consists of two polypeptides; the N-terminal fragment includes residues 1–116, and the C-terminal one includes residues 117–125. Electron density also displayed the Lys-98 side chain covalently linked to Asp-116. The putative active site residues involved in self-cleavage were identified; point mutants were produced and characterized structurally and in a biochemical assay. Numerical simulations utilizing molecular dynamics and hybrid quantum/classical calculations suggest a mechanism involving activation of a water molecule coordinated by a catalytic aspartic acid.
Two-Dimensional Time-Domain Algorithm With Adaptive Spectral Properties

We develop a two-dimensional scheme, whose spectral properties exhibit a certain degree of controllability, as an alternative to the classic finite-difference time-domain method. The new approach adopts a nonstandard structure for the spatial operators, whose final form is determined through a consistent error-minimization procedure. It is shown that isotropic improvement of accuracy can be accomplished at a single frequency, while the case of wider bands is handled with the aid of a least-squares mechanism. Reliable performance is ensured by the proposed algorithm, without compromising the stability region or requiring excessive computational resources.
Nonlinear mixing of optical vortices with fractional topological charge in Raman sideband generation

We studied the nonlinear parametric interaction of femtosecond fractionally-charged optical vortices in a Raman-active medium. Propagation of such beams was described using the Kirchhoff–Fresnel integrals by embedding a non-integer 2π phase step in a Gaussian beam profile. When using fractionally-charged pump or Stokes beams, we observed the production of new topological charge and phase discontinuities in the Raman field. These newly generated fractionally-charged Raman vortex beams were found to follow the same orbital angular momentum algebra derived by Strohaber et al (2012 Opt. Lett. 37 3411) for integer vortex beams.
A New Biometrical Procedure for Testing the Equality of Measurements from Two Different Analytical Methods. Application of linear regression procedures for method comparison studies in Clinical Chemistry, Part I

Procedures for the statistical evaluation of method comparisons and instrument tests often have a requirement for distributional properties of the experimental data, but this requirement is frequently not met. In our paper we propose a new linear regression procedure with no special assumptions regarding the distribution of the samples and the measurement errors. The result does not depend on the assignment of the methods (instruments) to X and Y. After testing a linear relationship between X and Y confidence limits are given for the slope beta and the intercept alpha; they are used to determine whether there is only a chance difference between beta and 1 and between alpha and 0. The mathematical background is amplified separately in an appendix.
Catecholamine Secretion from Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Cells: The Role of the Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger and the Intracellular Ca2+ Pool

Abstract: The role of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and intracellular nonmitochondrial Ca2+ pool in the regulation of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) during catecholamine secretion was investigated. Catecholamine secretion and [Ca2+]i were simultaneously monitored in a single chromaffin cell. After high‐K+ stimulation, control cells and cells in which the Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity was inhibited showed similar rates of [Ca2+]i elevation. However, the recovery of [Ca2+]i to resting levels was slower in the inhibited cells. Inhibition of the exchanger increased the total catecholamine secretion by prolonging the secretion. Inhibition of the Ca2+ pump of the intracellular Ca2+ pool with thapsigargin caused a significant delay in the recovery of [Ca2+]i and greatly enhanced the secretory events. These data suggest that both the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and the thapsigargin‐sensitive Ca2+ pool are important in the regulation of [Ca2+]i and, by modulating the time course of secretion, are important in determining the extent of secretion.