Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underlying modal data issues for detecting damage in truss structures

Independent of the modal identification techniques employed for damage detection, use of measured modal data limits the expectations for damage location. These limitations are examined using the distribution of modal strain energy and the sensitivity of the frequency and mode shapes to structural stiffness changes. For given measured modal information of specific accuracy, this examination reveals the following: (1) damage detection is feasible for members that contribute significantly to the strain energy of the measured modes, (2) the modes which are most effective in detecting damage to certain critical members can be identified, and (3) a relationship can be drawn between the accuracy of the measured modes and frequencies and damage detection feasibility.
Solutions of the Vector Wave Equation for Inhomogeneous Dielectric Cylinders--Scattering in Waveguide

Some solutions of the vector wave equation for an inhomogeneous dielectric cylinder, suitable for numerical calculations of the scattered electromagnetic (EM) field in waveguide, are presented in cases where the cylinder axis is parallel, or perpendicular, to the incident electric field vector. The scattered field, given in terms of normal modes of the rectangular waveguide, permits easy determination of the transmission and reflection coefficients for the structure. The dielectric susceptibility may be considered as variable along the cylinder radius according to a parabolic function (Luneberg-type profile). Finally, numerical results of the scattered near field are presented for Teflon cylinders of different diameters, in the case of parallel polarization. They are compared with laboratory measurements in the microwave X band made as a reliability test of the computational program. The agreement between measured and computed values is satisfactory within a deviation of 10 percent in the whole frequency band.
Design of dual‐band SIR bandpass filter with a broad upper rejection band for WLANs

In this letter, we proposed the design of novel dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) with a broad upper rejection band using only two asymmetric stepped impedance resonators (SIRs), which has a smaller circuit size in comparison of previous works. The feature of the asymmetric SIR is only one‐step discontinuity, which is different from the conventional SIR with two‐step discontinuities. By selecting properly the impedance ratio (R) and physical length ratio (α) of the proposed asymmetric SIRs, the low loss dual‐band BPF centered at 2.4/5.2 GHz with a wide upper rejection band from 6 to 14 GHz can be implemented perfectly. The bandwidths and the coupling coefficients of the two passbands can be tunable by adjusting the coupling gap distance between the resonators, which are calculated by using full‐wave simulator IE3D. Good agreement between the electromagnetic (EM) simulation and measurement is reported. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1143–1146, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24227
Fractal layout organization for job shop environments

Manufacturing facilities have traditionally been organized by process or function (with each cell having workstations of a particular process) or by product (with cells specialized for one or more jobs). This paper develops a new fractal alternative for manufacturing job shops which allocates the total number of workstations for most processes equally across several fractal cells. One result is enormous flexibility because each cell can produce nearly every product. The number of workstations required also approaches the minimum found with function organizations because stations are not dedicated to a product or group. Still, the spatial distribution of workstations for different processes that results from placing some in each cell keeps travel and material handling burdens in fractal designs nearly as low as those of product organizations. This paper introduces fractal organization of job shops and looks at it in-depth from a production systems design perspective, placing an emphasis on identifying the .
2 The Transition from Spacecraft Development to Flight Operations: Human Factor Considerations

In the field of aeronautics and astronautics, a paradigm shift has been witnessed by those in academia, research and development, and private industry. Long development life cycles and the budgets to support such programs and projects has given way to aggressive task schedules and leaner resources to draw from – all the while challenging assigned individuals to create and produce improved products or processes. However, this “faster, better, cheaper” concept cannot merely be applied to the design, development, and test of complex systems such as earth‐orbiting or interplanetary robotic spacecraft. Full advantage is not possible without due consideration and application to mission operations planning and flight operations. Equally as important as the flight system, the mission operations system consisting of qualified personnel, ground hardware and software tools, and verified and validated operational processes, should also be regarded as a complex system requiring personnel to draw upon formal education, training, related experiences, and heuristic reasoning in engineering an effective and efficient system.
Flip-chip integration of Si bare dies on polymeric substrates at low temperature using ICA vias made in dry film photoresist

In this paper, a low temperature flip-chip integration technique for Si bare dies is demonstrated on flexible PET substrates with screen-printed circuits. The proposed technique is based on patterned blind vias in dry film photoresist (DP) filled with isotropic conductive adhesive (ICA). The DP material serves to define the vias, to confine the ICA paste (80 µm-wide and potentially 25 µm-wide vias), as an adhesion layer to improve the mechanical robustness of the assembly, and to protect additional circuitry on the substrate. The technique is demonstrated using gold-bumped daisy chain chips (DCCs), with electrical vias resistances in the order to hundreds of milliohms, and peel/shear adhesion strengths of 0.7 N mm−1 and 3.2 MPa, respectively, (i.e. at 1.2 MPa of bonding pressure). Finally, the mechanical robustness to bending forces was optimized through flexural mechanics models by placing the neutral plane at the DCC/DP adhesive interface. The optimization was performed by reducing the Si thickness from 400 to 37 µm, and resulted in highly robust integrated assemblies withstanding 10 000 cycles of dynamic bending at 40 mm of radius, with relative changes in vias resistance lower than 20%. In addition, the electrical vias resistance and adhesion strengths were compared to samples integrated with anisotropic conductive adhesives (ACAs). Besides the low temperature and high integration resolution, the proposed method is compatible with large area fabrication and multilayer architectures on foil.
Bearing Diagnostics – A Radial Basis Function Neural Network Approach

Rolling Element Bearings (REBs) play an important role in the condition monitoring of machines. The REBs are the main causes of breakdown of rotating machines. Vibration signal analysis has been extensively used for bearing fault diagnostics. In the efforts towards Intelligent Condition Monitoring and fault diagnostics, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) has been widely used. Multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) are the most commonly used neural network (NN) architectures. Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network architecture is not widely used for REB diagnostics. They are a relatively new class of NNs which have the advantages of simplicity, ease of implementation, excellent learning and generalization abilities. In this paper, RBF NN architecture has been used for fault diagnostics of REBs using vibration signal features. Using a customized bearing test rig, experiments have been carried out on a deep groove ball bearing namely 6205 under two different speeds and one load condition. The diagnostics is mainly concerned with classifying the bearing into two classes namely ‘Normal’ and ‘Used’. The performances of different learning strategies namely fixed centers (FC) selected at random, self-organized selection of centers using clustering algorithms – Fuzzy C Means (FCM), Density Weighted Fuzzy C Means (DWFCM) & Cluster Dependent Weighted Fuzzy C Means (CDWFCM) in designing the RBF neural network – have been compared. It has been found that basic FCM and CDWFCM give higher performance accuracy when compared to other strategies
Neural network based models of javelin flight: prediction of flight distances and optimal release parameters

A model has been developed to predict the flight of javelins using a multi-layer-perceptron neural network. The input parameters to the model are three release angles and the velocity at release, while the output is the distance reached. The inputs and outputs were recorded and analysed for 98 throws. The neural network model was found to predict actual flights of javelins to within 5%, with a mean difference between the model and real throws of 2.5%. The model was used to generate maps of distances reached for different combinations of release parameters. It was found that the most important parameter was the release velocity and that a moderate side angle of attack should be used to attain the longest throws to compensate for rotation of the javelin on release. For release velocities up to 27–28 m s–1 javelins should have an angle of attack about 1–3° larger than the angle of release. For higher velocities this is reversed. In conclusion, the model can be used as a coaching aid to optimise athletes’ throws during training and competition.
Codesign with people living with cognitive or sensory impairments: a case for method stories and uniqueness

Codesign with people living with cognitive or sensory impairments poses challenges for researchers and designers, due to differences in their mutual experiences and due to the fact that many well-established codesign methods and techniques may not be appropriate and need adjustment. This paper describes a search for an appropriate, dedicated methodological approach for involving people living with impairments in codesign projects. Based on both existing literature and on a series of three academic workshops, we aimed to understand how researchers and designers adjust common codesign techniques and to derive general principles from those adjustments. During our search for a dedicated codesign approach, however, we came to change our view, and therefore our aims. The outcomes of the workshops, more specifically the identification of common challenges that researchers and designers experience, showed that such a dedicated approach may not be the best way to advance the field of codesign methods for people living with impairments. Instead, we now advocate a highly individual approach towards adjusting codesign techniques. In addition, we suggest a new tradition of sharing experiences in order for researchers and designers to learn from one another in the form of method stories.
The Impact of WhatsApp as an Instructional Tool for Online Distance Teaching and Learning (ODL)

Pandemic issue of COVID19 has poorly affected the whole world activities that includes face-toface human communications. Every level of educations sector is required to suddenly change into online and distance learning mode. Focusing to tertiary education level, this research was conducted to investigate the usefulness and effectiveness of WhatsApp as the most popular social media medium in community as teaching and learning medium for course computer programming language of C++. In order to measure the usefulness, WhatsApp features are evaluated to accomplish teaching and learning students’ perception. Next, students’ attitude towards learning process were evaluated as learning behavior. The result showed the WhatsApp was convenient for teaching and learning online when all features are fully utilized and improve positive attitudes toward self-learning.
Analysis Of A Micro-electric Generator For Microsystems

Supplying power to remote microsystems that have no physical connection to the outside world is difficult, and using batteries is not always appropriate. A solution is offered by the device proposed in this paper, which generates electricity from mechanical energy when embedded in a vibrating medium. This micro-generator has dimensions of around 5x5x1mm. Analysis predicts that the power produced is proportional to the cube of the frequency of vibration, and that to maximise power generation the mass deflection should be as large as possible. Power generation of 1/spl mu/W at 70Hz and 0.1mW at 330Hz are predicted for a typical device, assuming a deflection of 50/spl mu/m.
Using harmonic distortion determining factor for harmonic evaluation of carrier-based PWM methods

This paper describes the harmonic evaluation of three-phase carrier-based multilevel (2-level to 5-level) PWM inverter methods. The harmonic distortion determining factor (HDDF), which represents the intrinsic spectral property of individual PWM methods, is calculated for each of the multilevel PWM methods, and is used as the common quality index. Almost all the carrier-based PWM schemes that have been proposed so far are considered. HDDF values are helpful for selecting inverter system parameters for AC motor drive applications because they can be used for predicting the current harmonics or torque ripple in AC drives.
Influence of Structural Sealant Joints on the Blast Performance of Laminated Glass Panels

AbstractThis paper investigates the influence of structural sealant joints on the blast performance of laminated glass (LG) panels, using a comprehensive numerical procedure. A parametric study was carried out by varying the width, thickness, and the Young’s modulus (E) of the structural silicone sealant joints, and the behavior of the LG panel was studied under two different blast loads. Results show that these parameters influence the blast response of LG panels, especially under the higher blast load. Sealant joints that are thicker, have smaller widths, and lower E values increase the flexibility at the supports, and hence increase the energy absorption of the LG panel while reducing the support reactions. Results also confirmed that sealant joints designed according to current standards perform well under blast loads. Modeling techniques presented in this paper could be used to complement and supplement the guidance in existing design standards. The new information generated in this paper will contri.
Nuclear

The Nuclear Law Bulletin is a unique international publication for both professionals and academics in the field of nuclear law. It provides subscribers with authoritative and comprehensive information on nuclear law developments. Published twice a year in both English and French, it features topical articles written by renowned legal experts, covers nuclear legislative developments worldwide and reports on relevant case law, bilateral and international agreements and regulatory activities of international organisations.
A Method for Predicting Probabilistic Resource Conflicts between Trains

The development of high-speed railway construction and operation greatly shorten people's travel time, however, the demand of people on travel time reliability becomes more and more prominent, so train dispatching plans are becoming more and more important. This paper defines probabilistic conflicts between trains, analyses probabilistic conflict influence factors and comes up with a method for predicting probabilistic resource conflicts between trains. The method aims to improve the accuracy of train conflict prediction, provide more reliable basis to solve train conflicts and develop more efficient train dispatching plans.
A performance measuring model for dynamic quality characteristics of human decision-making in automation

Automation system operating performance (ASOP) is a concept of how well an automation unit (AU) is monitored and performed by supervisors. The purpose of this paper was to study the ASOP for dynamic characteristics of human decision-making in automation. First, a quantitative ASOP measuring model was proposed. Secondly, a matrix and orthogonal experiment was conducted to verify the model, specifically on ASOP measuring. The experimental results indicated that the quality-objective function (eta) of human dynamic decision-making characteristics to measure the ASOP is easy and objective, and, according to the eta value, one can obtain the optimal ASOP by the best combination of levels of the control factors. The results of this study indicates that the quality-objective function can be regarded as measuring standard of ASOP and evaluating standard of selecting the adapted supervisors in automation, and some inferences from experimental results can be applied to the design of human-machine interface.
The Virtual Retinal Display: A new Display Technology using Scanned Laser Light

The Virtual Retinal Display (VRD) is a new display technology that scans modulated low energy laser light directly onto the viewer's retina to create a perception of a virtual image. This approach provides an unprecedented way to stream photons to the receptors of the eye, affording higher resolution, increased luminance, and potentially a wider field-of-view than previously possible in head coupled displays. The VRD uses video signals from a graphics board or a video camera to modulate low power coherent light from red, green and blue photon sources such as gas lasers, laser diodes and/or light emitting diodes. The modulated light is then combined and piped through a single mode optical fiber. A mechanical resonant scanner and galvanometer mirror then scan the photon stream from the fiber in two dimensions through reflective elements and semitransparent combiner such that a raster of light is imaged on the retina. The pixels produced on the retina have no persistence, yet they create the perception of a brilliant full color, and flicker-free virtual image. Developmental models of the VRD have been shown to produce VGA and SVGA image quality. This paper describes the VRD technology, the advantages that it provides, and areas of human factors research ensuing from scanning light directly onto the retina. Future applications of the VRD are discussed along with new research findings regarding the use of the VRD for people with low vision
Driving Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

This article examines early users’ experiences with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). At the time that this study was conducted, in the winter and spring of 2007, PHEVs were not yet commercialized. Still, Americans were becoming aware of PHEVs and 25 to 30 vehicles converted from hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) to PHEVs were on the road. In interviews with 23 drivers of these vehicles, the present study explored their motivations for converting an HEV to PHEV operation, how they used and recharged their vehicles, and their visions for future PHEV designs. What drivers think about PHEVs, including the benefits and drawbacks that they perceive, was also investigated. Although today's PHEV drivers may not represent either present mainstream American car buyers or future buyers of PHEVs, their behavior and viewpoints offer hypotheses about what ideas might motivate other consumers and clues about how PHEVs will be used by other consumers and may shape both the PHEV technologies offered in the future and the reasons why future consumers will value PHEVs. For example, the group of PHEV pioneers evaluated in the present study is primarily interested in a greater all-electric driving range and performance; they are secondarily interested in high gasoline fuel economy, which they typically report without accounting for electricity from the grid. Which of these two ideas–-all-electric driving and high miles per gallon–-will motivate more consumers? The desirability of feedback to drivers on their on-road energy use and their total gasoline plus electric energy use is also highlighted.
Vision based lateral control by yaw rate feedback

In an autonomous vehicle, the reference lane is continually detected by a machine vision system. The vehicle is steered to follow the reference yaw rates which are generated by the deviations of lateral distance and the yaw angle between the vehicle and the reference lane. To cope with the steering delay and the side-slip of vehicle, a PI controller is introduced for the yaw rate feedback. It is tuned by the simulation in which the vehicle is modeled as 2 DOF and 79 DOF and is verified by the results of an actual vehicle test. The lateral control algorithm by yaw rate feedback has good performances of lane tracking and passenger comfort.
Few-shot deep model of waste classification based on model agnostic meta learning

Waste classification based on deep neural networks is up against the dataset deficiency. However, that is too expensive and time-consuming for collecting and labeling waste samples. We proposed an improved ResNet-18 model based on Model Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) to improve classification accuracy with a few-shot waste classification dataset. the feature extraction part of the improved model includes a convolution layer and four residual blocks; the classification part of the improved model includes a max-pooling layer and three fully connected layers. Moreover, GroupNorm is adopted to reduce the impact of different feature distributions normalization on the classification accuracy. With initial parameters from the MAML training on the Mini-ImageNet dataset, the model improve accuracy only with one training iteration results on few waste samples. The experiments verified the effectiveness of our model on the Mini-ImageNet dataset and a few-shot waste classification dataset
A System to Generate a Solid Figure from Three View

Three view type drawing has been used widely for a long time, and it plays an important role in the field of design engineering. Recently, computer graphics has been developed and applied to practical use, but there are many serious problems remaining unsolved, for example, problems concerning the method to feed the three dimensional information accumulated as a three view type drawing into a computer and so on.In this paper, the author presents a formulation of the process to generate a solid figure from a three view type drawing automatically by machine. According to this formulation, a practical system was built up for the case of polyhedra. Executing several experiments the auther confirmed the effectiveness of this formulation. He points out a "Ghost Figure Problem" of a wired figure obtained during the procedure of this system and presents a method to solve it. Furthermore, he proposes a method to solve a "Hidden Line Problem".
Diagnostic and Value-Added Assessment of Business Writing

To assess students’ business writing abilities upon entry into the business program and exit from the capstone course, a multitiered assessment package was developed that measures students’ achievement of specific learning outcomes and provides “value-added” scores. The online segment of the test measures five competencies across three process levels; the in-class writing segment measures the same five competencies across higher process levels. The data can then be cross-referenced for multitiered measurements. The learning outcomes are derived from the grading rubric used in the business communication classes, thus bringing classroom grading practices into assessment at the program level. The core competencies, rubric, writing prompt, and sample questions are provided. The process of designing the assessment, engaging faculty participation, and measuring outcomes are detailed.