Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Integrated Multilevel Converter for Switched Reluctance Motor Drives in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Flexible Energy Conversion

— This paper presents an integrated multilevel converter of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) fed by a modular front-end circuit for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) applications. Several operating modes can be achieved by changing the on-off states of the switches in the front-end circuit. In generator driving mode, the battery bank is employed to elevate the phase voltage for fast excitation and demagnetization. In battery driving mode, the converter is reconfigured as a four-level converter, and the capacitor is used as an additional charge capacitor to produce multilevel voltage outputs, which enhances the torque capability. The operating modes of the proposed drive are explained and the phase current and voltage are analyzed in details. The battery charging is naturally achieved by the demagnetization current in motoring mode and by the regenerative current in braking mode. Moreover, the battery can be charged by the external AC source or generator when the vehicle is in standstill condition. The SRM-based PHEV can operate at different speeds by coordinating power flow from the generator and battery. Simulation in MATLAB/Simulink and experiments on a three-phase 12/8 SRM confirm the effectiveness of the proposed converter topology.
VRANCEA SEISMIC ZONE – A NEW GEOPHYSICAL MODEL BASED ON WRENCH TECTONICS, VOLCANISM AND REGIONAL GEODYNAMICS

The study dedicated to the Vrancea seismic zone is based on the interpretation of relevant geophysical data for regional, crustal and lithospheric geological structures: gravity, magnetics, refraction seismics, heat flow, and especially seismic tomography. New tectonic interpretations are offered at various scales, starting with the tectonic vortex determined by the three subduction zones in the Mediterranean Sea, Adriatic Sea and the East Carpathians, continuing with the wrench tectonics system developed between the Adriatic Sea and the Dniester river, and ending with the presence of the Romanian Trough, continuation of the Polish Trough along the western margin of the East European Platform. Reinterpretation of regional geophysical data, in the context of the newly proposed wrench tectonics system, and the tectonic events determined by horizontal displacement of large geological structures along the transcurrent faults, suggested that there is no need of another platform, such as the Scythian Platform, between the East European Platform and the Tisza–Dacia tectonic block, or of the Wallachian tectonic phase, postulated as being active during the Quaternary. Volcanism in Vrancea seismic most unexpected topic in an area long time considered to be devoid of magmatic processes – subduction related andesitic eruptions, followed by the intrusion of a large dioritic batholith, being interpreted on aeromagnetic, refraction seismics, seismic tomography and heat flow as well as on geological indirect the graben-like structure, in an extensional regime determined by the south-eastward regional drag, and to the strike-slip movements of the wrench tectonics southern transcurrent fault at lithospheric depths, in a transtensional regime.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO DETERMINE THE OCCURRENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (NSTEMI) PATIENTS

: Objective: To determine the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Services Hospital, Lahore from August,2018 to July, 2019. Material and Methods: In this study three hundred fifty-two (352) patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were studied while they were admitted to the hospital. They were divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Frequency of age, gender, rising levels of cardiac biochemical markers, plasma glucose and HbA1c were seen in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Results were obtained by using chi -square method and independent T-test. Results: Out of 352 patients of NSTEMI 193 were diabetics. The study population was categorized in three groups according to age as; 30-45, 46-60, and 61-75 years respectively. It was found that 46 -60 years group was most frequently affected with frequency of 46.1%, p<0.001 with male predominance as 67.9% and females as 32.1%. Cardiac biochemical markers were raised with mean for CK 528.51 U/ L SD ± 275.82 and CK MB 79.39 U/ L SD ± 32.5, p<0.001 respectively. Raised fasting plasma glucose was found in 189 patients mean 8.74 mmol/ L SD ± 1.52, p<0.001 and elevated HbA1c seen in 187 patients mean 7.94 % SD ± 0.83, p<0.001. Conclusion: Despite modern therapies for unstable angina (UA) / NSTEMI diabetes is an independent cardiovascular risk factor, therefore, we need aggressive strategies to manage the high-risk group of patients.
Ferulic acid mitigates diabetic cardiomyopathy via modulation of metabolic abnormalities in cardiac tissues of diabetic rats

Cardiovascular abnormalities have been reported as a major contributor of diabetic mortality. The protective effect of ferulic acid on diabetic cardiomyopathy in fructose‐streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes (T2D) rat model was elucidated in this study. Type 2 diabetic rats were treated by oral administration of low (150 mg/kg b.w) and high (300 mg/kg b.w) doses of ferulic acid. Metformin was used as the antidiabetic drug. Rats were humanely euthanized after 5 weeks of treatment, and their blood and hearts were collected. Induction of T2D depleted the levels of reduced glutathione, glycogen, and HDL‐cholesterol and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ENTPDase, and 5′nucleotidase. It simultaneously triggered increase in the levels of malondialdehyde, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL‐cholesterol, creatinine kinase‐MB as well as activities of acetylcholinesterase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), ATPase, glucose‐6‐phopsphatase, fructose‐1,6‐bisphophatase, glycogen phosphorylase, and lipase. T2D induction further revealed an obvious degeneration of cardiac muscle morphology. However, treatment with ferulic acid markedly reversed the levels and activities of these biomarkers with concomitant improvement in myocardium structural morphology, which had favorable comparison with the standard drug, metformin. Additionally, T2D induction led to the depletion of 40%, 75%, and 33% of fatty acids, fatty esters, and steroids, respectively, with concomitant generation of eicosenoic acid, gamolenic acid, and vitamin E. Ferulic acid treatment restored eicosanoic acid, 2‐hydroxyethyl ester, with concomitant generation of 6‐octadecenoic acid, (Z)‐, cis‐11‐eicosenoic acid, tridecanedioic acid, octadecanoic acid, 2‐hydroxyethyl ester, ethyl 3‐hydroxytridecanoate, dipalmitin, cholesterol isocaproate, cholest‐5‐ene, 3‐(1‐oxobuthoxy)‐, cholesta‐3,5‐diene. These results suggest the cardioprotective potential of ferulic acid against diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Development of a deep learning‐based nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer: A multicenter study

Dear Editor, Cervical cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women and has a high mortality rate worldwide.1 Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an important prognostic factor in patients with cervical cancer.2–4 The assessment of LNM before treatment is essential to guide and tailor the treatment.5,6 Themorphological examination of lymph nodes via medical images is commonly used for diagnosing LNM. However, it depends mainly on radiologists’ experience and has relatively low accuracy. Thus, we collected a multi-center dataset and developed a deep learning-based nomogram (DLN) to improve the accuracy of LNM diagnosis in cervical cancer. In total, 1123 cervical cancer patients with computed tomography (CT) examination were enrolled from 13 centers in our study (Table S1 and Supplementary A1). As shown in Supplementary A2 and Figure S1, we divided these patients into four cohorts: training cohort, validation cohort, external testing cohort 1, and external testing cohort 2. Detailed information on the four cohorts is presented in Table S2. The clinical characteristics included age, gravidity, histological type, FIGO stage, etc. Moreover, two experienced gynecologists, who were blinded to the pathological report, were invited to diagnose the status of LNM together using only CT images. Additionally, a follow-up cohort including 148 patients from one center was used for survival analysis. The workflow of this study is described in Figure 1, including region of interest (ROI) segmentation, data preprocessing (Supplementary A3), model construction, and model evaluation (Supplementary A4). We invited experienced gynecologists to segment ROIs in normalized CT images. Before model construction, data augmentations, including flipping, rotating, and random cropping, were used to generate new training samples to avoid overfitting. Oversampling methods were used to balance the ratio of LNM-positive patients and LNM-negative
Investigation of text‐mining methodologies to aid the construction of search strategies in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy—a case study

Current methodologies for designing search strategies rely heavily on the knowledge and expertise of information specialists. Yet, the volume and complexity of scientific literature is overwhelming for even the most experienced information specialists, making it difficult to produce robust search strategies for complex systematic reviews. In this case study, we aimed to assess and describe the benefits and limitations of using semi‐automated text‐mining tools for designing search strategies in a systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy. An experienced information specialist designed a search strategy using traditional methods. This strategy was then amended to include additional terms identified by text‐mining tools. We evaluated the usability and expertise required, risk of introducing bias to the search, precision of the search strategy and rated the usefulness of the tools. Thirteen of the 16 investigated tools produced a total of 40 additional terms, beyond those in the original search strategy. This resulted in 11 previously unidentified relevant articles being retrieved. Precision was reduced or remained the same in all cases. After considering all aspects of the investigation we rated each application, with two being ‘extremely useful’, three being ‘useful’, three having ‘no impact’ and eight being ‘not very useful’. Comparative analysis revealed discrepancies between similar tools. Our findings have implications for the way in which these methodologies are used and applied to search strategies. If semi‐automated techniques are to become mainstream in information retrieval for complex systematic reviews, we need tailored tools that fit information specialists' requirements across disciplines.
The association between the use of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and the risk of diabetic retinopathy and other eye disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the association between the use of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Research design and methods PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinicaltrial.gov were searched from inception to October 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with reports of incidence of DR and other eye disorders between SGLT2i and non-SGLT2i users with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Results In general, the incidences of DR were comparable between SGLT2i and non-SGLT2i users (OR = 0.80, 95%CI 0.61 to 1.06, P = 0.12). However, compared with non-SGLT2i users, the incidence of DR was significantly reduced in SGLT2i users with diabetes duration less than 10 years (OR = 0.32, 95%CI 0.13 to 0.76, P = 0.01). Weight reduction in SGLT2i users was associated with a decreased risk of retinal detachment. Moreover, longer study duration was associated with lower incidence of cataract and retinal vasculopathy in SGLT2i users. Conclusions In general, the use of SGLT2i was not associated with the incidence of DR. However, a reduced risk of DR was observed in SGLT2i users with diabetes duration less than 10 years. An early initiation of SGLT2i might be more likely to provide with ocular benefits.
Risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, hospitalization, and death for COVID‐19 in people with Parkinson disease or parkinsonism over a 15‐month period: A cohort study

The patterns of long‐term risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, hospitalization for COVID‐19, and related death are uncertain in people with Parkinson disease (PD) or parkinsonism (PS). The aim of the study was to quantify these risks compared to a control population cohort, during the period March 2020–May 2021, in Bologna, Northern Italy.
A phase 2, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of soticlestat as adjunctive therapy in pediatric patients with Dravet syndrome or Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (ELEKTRA)

Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) are rare treatment‐resistant childhood epilepsies classed as developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. ELEKTRA investigated the efficacy and safety of soticlestat (TAK‐935) as adjunctive therapy in children with DS or LGS (NCT03650452).
Transforming Comparison Model Lower Bounds to the PRAM

This note provides general transformations of lower bounds in Valiant's parallel comparison decision tree model to lower bounds in the priority concurrent-read concurrent-write parallel-random-access-machine model. The proofs rely on standard Ramsey-theoretic arguments that simplify the structure of the computation by restricting the input domain. The transformation of comparison model lower bounds, which are usually easier to obtain, to the parallel-random-access-machine, unifies some known lower bounds and gives new lower bounds for several problems.
Improvement of the Torque-Speed Performance and Drive Efficiency in an SRM Using an Optimal Torque Sharing Function

: In this paper, by evaluating the extreme value of the q th-power current, a torque sharing function (TSF) family for reducing the torque ripples in the switched reluctance motor (SRM) is proposed. The optimization criteria of the TSF has two secondary objectives, including the maximization of the torque-speed range and the minimization of copper loss. The evaluation indices in terms of the peak phase current, the rms (root mean square) phase current, and the torque ripple factor are compared between the proposed TSF family and four conventional TSFs including linear, sinusoidal, exponential, and cubic TSFs. An optimization objective function that combines the maximum absolute value of the rate-of-change of the ﬂux linkage (MAV-RCFL) and the q th-power of current is proposed and a weighting factor is used to balance the inﬂuence of the two optimization objectives. An optimal TSF can be easily obtained by solving the optimization problem from the TSF family. The proposed TSF is validated by using simulations and experiments with a three-phase 6/4 SRM with 7.5 kW, 3000 rpm, and 270 V DC-link voltage. The dynamic simulation model is implemented in Matlab/Simulink. The results demonstrate the validity and superiority of the proposed control method; the optimal TSF provides better torque-speed performance, and a better reduction in copper loss and torque ripples at high speed, as compared to conventional TSFs.
Single-sensor based indoor localisation by exploiting multipath propagation

An effective and reliable indoor positioning is a highly needed service. A bi-iterative algorithm for mobile user localisation in an indoor space is presented based on the multipath measurements exploited by a single sensor. The bi-iterative algorithm calculates the locations of the mobile user and the so-called virtual sensors, which are mirror images of the physical sensors, alternatively. Notably, this algorithm does not require any a priori knowledge about the environment. Simulation results show that the location of virtual sensors can be accurately estimated after a couple of iterations, and in return, they enhance the accuracy of user localisation. The proposed algorithm can localise a user with sub-metre accuracy in most cases. Moreover, it even outperforms the positioning algorithms that require full information about the environment.
Linking large‐scale genetic structure of three Argynnini butterfly species to geography and environment

Understanding which factors and processes are associated with genetic differentiation within and among species remains a major goal in evolutionary biology. To explore differences and similarities in genetic structure and its association with geographical and climatic factors in sympatric sister species, we conducted a large‐scale (>32° latitude and >36° longitude) comparative phylogeographical study on three Argynnini butterfly species (Speyeria aglaja, Fabriciana adippe and F. niobe) that have similar life histories, but differ in ecological generalism and dispersal abilities. Analyses of nuclear (ddRAD‐sequencing derived SNP markers) and mitochondrial (COI sequences) data revealed differences between species in genetic structure and how genetic differentiation was associated with climatic factors (temperature, solar radiation, precipitation, wind speed). Geographical proximity accounted for much of the variation in nuclear and mitochondrial structure and evolutionary relationships in F. adippe and F. niobe, but only explained the pattern observed in the nuclear data in S. aglaja, for which mitonuclear discordance was documented. In all species, Iberian and Balkan individuals formed genetic clusters, suggesting isolation in glacial refugia and limited postglacial expansion. Solar radiation and precipitation were associated with the genetic structure on a regional scale in all species, but the specific combinations of environmental and geographical factors linked to variation within species were unique, pointing to species‐specific responses to common environments. Our findings show that the species share similar colonization histories, and that the same ecological factors, such as niche breadth and dispersal capacity, covary with genetic differentiation within these species to some extent, thereby highlighting the importance of comparative phylogeographical studies in sympatric sister species.
Preclinical Characterization of LY3209590, a Novel Weekly Basal Insulin Fc-Fusion Protein

The benefit of once-weekly basal insulin is less frequent dosing, which has the potential to reduce the barrier to injection therapy and impact patient activation, adherence and compliance, quality of life, and outcomes. Basal Insulin Fc (BIF, LY3209590, or insulin efsitora alfa) is a once-weekly basal insulin in clinical testing for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. BIF is comprised of a novel single-chain variant of insulin fused to a human IgG2 fragment crystallizable region of an antibody domain using a peptide linker. The in vitro binding affinity of BIF for the human insulin receptor (IR) was two orders of magnitude weaker relative to human insulin. BIF stimulated IR phosphorylation in cells with reduced potency, yet full agonism, and exhibited a significantly faster dephosphorylation kinetic profile than human insulin or AspB10 insulin. BIF stimulated de novo lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and cell proliferation in SAOS-2 and H4IIE cells with ≥70-fold reduction in in vitro potency compared with human insulin. BIF possessed markedly reduced binding to hIGF-1R, making definitive measurements unattainable. In vivo pharmacology studies using streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats demonstrated a significant decrease in blood glucose compared with vehicle-treated animals 24 hours post-injection, persisting through 336 hours following subcutaneous administration. In streptozotocin-treated rats, BIF reached time at maximum concentration at 48 hours and possessed a clearance rate of ∼0.85 ml/h per kg, with a terminal half-life of ∼120 hours following subcutaneous administration. These results demonstrate BIF has an in vitro pharmacological profile similar to native insulin, with significantly reduced potency and an extended time-action profile in vivo that supports once-weekly dosing in humans. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT BIF is a novel basal insulin Fc-fusion protein designed for once-weekly dosing. In this study, we demonstrate that BIF has an in vitro pharmacological profile similar to human insulin, but with weaker potency across assays for IR binding and activity. BIF has a PD and PK profile in STZ-treated rats supportive of weekly dosing in humans.
Emotional contagion behavior in a group of young girls in a secondary school in Maputo, Mozambique

Background: Emotional Contagion Behavior (ECB), the synchronized expression of emotional symptoms among members of a group, has been observed globally. In Mozambique, there have been numerous reports of ECB in recent years. Since 2010 several girls from a secondary school in Maputo City, Mozambique exhibited ECB which involved repeated fainting spells, sometimes including verbal aggression and threats to colleagues and teachers. We conducted a study to analyze sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with ECB. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 154 females aged from 16 to 24 years old. We considered emotional contagion behavior as repeated fainting spells, sometimes including verbal aggression and threats to others (colleagues and teachers). Participants responded to a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Scale, and the revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models analyzed sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with EBC. Results: Among study participants, 57 presented ECB and 97 did not. The likelihood of ECB was higher among those with previous history of ECB (OR = 8.28, 95% CI [2.51, 27.30]; p ⩽ .001) and extroverted personality profile (OR = 1.15, 95% CI [1.01, 1.30]; p = .038). Having a romantic relationship was related to lower likelihood of having ECB (OR = 0.04, 95% CI [0.01, 0.19]; p = .001). Conclusions: These results suggest that ECB may repeat over time and be related to challenges pertaining to personality development, the presence of sexual life, and close relationships with peers faced by adolescent girls.
A simple risk score list can be used to predict the occurrence of delirium in patients admitted to inpatient hospice care: A medical record study

Abstract Objective This study aimed to examine whether the 10‐item Risk Score List (RSL) accurately predicts delirium in patients admitted to inpatient hospice care and whether this instrument can be simplified. Determining the risk for developing delirium can help to treat these patients in a timely manner. Methods This was a retrospective medical record study in patients who died in 2019 or 2020 in three hospices. Predictive values were examined using Cox regression analysis, crosstabs, and C‐statistic. Results In total, 240 patients were included. Median age at admission was 78 (IQR 70–84) years. Primary diagnosis most often was cancer (n = 186, 78%); 173 (72%) patients had an increased risk of delirium according to RSL, of whom 120 (69%) developed delirium. Overall, 147 (61%) patients developed delirium. The RSL significantly predicted future delirium (HR 3.25, CI 1.87–5.65, p < 0.01) and had a sensitivity of 85%, a specificity of 43%, positive predictive value of 62%, negative predictive value of 73%, and a C‐statistic of 0.64. Simplifying the RSL to four items still significantly predicted future delirium, with similar predictive values. Conclusion Delirium occurs in more than half of patients admitted to hospice care. The RSL can be simplified to four items, without compromising on predictive accuracy.