Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Treatment in Relation to Level of Care

Throughout the world, care of the mentally ill has, especially during the past three decades, been slowly shifting from the old, custodial, mental hospital to the general hospital and, more recently, to primary health care settings. This shift, attributable in part to the discovery and subsequent use of chlorpromazine and other pharmacological agents that began in the mid-1950s, has come later to developing countries than to the Western world. In India, for example, the last mental hospital was established as recently as 1966, and the growth of psychiatric units in general hospitals began in the sixties and seventies. Contrary to earlier popular belief, psychiatric epidemiological studies from different parts of the Third World have revealed that all types of mental disorder are as common in those countries as elsewhere, and occur equally frequently in rural and in urban areas [1]. Increasing realization that only a small proportion (less than 10%) of people requiring urgent mental health care were receiving it from the existing services has hastened the development of new approaches to mental health care in Third World countries. Most of the relevant national programs emphasize establishing services at various levels that conform to the sociocultural and socioeconomic characteristics of the particular country.
Introducing "Active Listening" to Instant Messaging and E-Mail: Benefits and Limitations

In today’s information society it is critical to use computer-mediated communication effectively. This article explores whether the highly recognized face-to-face communication concept “active listening” can also be applied to online settings. Demanding verbal and nonverbal skills, this way of communication improves mutual understanding by using techniques like paraphrasing. For instance, it avoids misunderstandings and in conflicts people tend to be more willing to explain in detail, which increases chances to find a joint solution. The presented study investigates whether “active listening” is effective in written online communication, which is a novel asset. Focusing on instant messaging and e-mail, we examined both settings’ capacities and differences. Qualitative analysis based on a unique data set including log files and written user reflections on online “active listening” activities, reveals that “active listening” is possible in online communication, although a face-to -face setting is preferred due to a number of constraints imposed by online media. Results show that, while there are limitations to expressing empathy in online settings, the latter offer valuable opportunities that face-to-face conversations tend to lack. For instance, it appears that online media leave control with a communicator by allowing to completely verbalize thoughts before responding. Our results provide preliminary support that even newcomers to the concept can benefit from using active listening techniques in their online communication.
Modification of PRoPHET to Enhance Train-based Delay-Tolerant Networks Performance

: Probabilistic Routing Protocols using History of Encounters and Transitivity (PRoPHET) assume that nodes do not move randomly but encounter destinations that have been encountered before. In some original PRoPHET and original PRoPHETv2 testing, they are superior to other routing protocols. Testing in environments that use trains as relay nodes, original PRoPHET performance is worse than the epidemic. This happens because messages delivery to other relay nodes are assumed to encounter the destination (having a larger probability of encountering destination) while the other relay nodes are moving away. The original PRoPHET and the original PRoPHETv2 performance can be improved by delivering a message to relay nodes that will encounter the destination. This can be done by delivering a message to relay nodes with lower probability values encountering the destination. The result obtained is a modified PRoPHET and a modified PRoPHETv2 performance improvement compared to the original PRoPHET and the original PRoPHETv2.
Applying Large Vocabulary Hybrid HMM-MLP Methods to Telephone Recognition of Digits and Natural Numb

The hybrid Hidden Markov Model (HMM) / Neural Network (NN) speech recognition system at the International Computer Science Institute (ICSI) uses a single hidden layer MLP (Multi Layer Perceptron) to compute the emission probabilities of the states of the HMM. This recognition approach was developed and has traditionally been used for large vocabulary size continuous speech recognition. In this report, however, such a recognition scheme is applied directly to three much smaller vocabulary size corpora, the Bellcore isolated digits, the TI connected digits, and the Center for Spoken Language Understanding Numbers'93 database. The work reported here is not only on developing small baseline systems to facilitate all future research experiments, but also on using these systems to evaluate front-end research issues, and the feasibility of using context-dependency for speech recognition under the hybrid approach developed at ICSI. In addition, using the TI connected digits, the performance of ICSI's baseline system on small vocabulary size speaker-independent task is compared with those of other speech research institutes.
Noticing in text-based computer-mediated communication: a study of a task-based telecommunication between native and nonnative English speakers

Noticing in Text-Based Computer-Mediated Communication: A Study of a Task-Based Telecommunication between Native and Nonnative English Speakers. (August 2008) Wen-Chun Chen, B.A., Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taiwan; M.A., New York University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Zohreh R. Eslami This dissertation investigated the occurrence and the effect of incidental noticing in a text-based Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) environment on enhancing second language learning. Learning proficiency was also examined as a possible intervening variable. This was a quasi-experimental study of sixteen nonnative English speakers from a four-year college in Taiwan, collaborating with sixteen native speaking peers in Texas, via chat agents in order to complete two communicative learning tasks over a two-month period of time. Two posttests were customized for each Nonnative English Speaker (NNES) in order to assess his/her second language learning outcomes. In addition, LanguageRelated Episode’s (LRE’s) characteristics were expected to serve as powerful predictors of NNES’ correct language learning outcomes. In order to unveil the possible impact of the learner’s language proficiency level and its effect on noticing, eight lowintermediate and eight highintermediate NNESs were included in the study. The findings revealed that CMC context and native and nonnative English
Use of ketamine as a fast acting antidepressant for terminal cancer patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Depression is highly prevalent in patients with advanced cancer, commonly affecting quality of life. Considering the response delay with conventional antidepressants and the short life expectancy for these patients, treatments for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) with faster onset of action are desirable. In this case report, a female patient with metastatic ovarian cancer reported rapid and sustained response to intramuscular (IM) injections of ketamine (1mg/kg). Over a course of six treatments, her mood response was identical on each occasion and provided remission of her depressive symptoms. Pain was also improved, although for a shorter duration. These findings support the use of IM ketamine as a possible antidepressant option for this population.
APPROACHES FOR 3D-VISUALIZATIONS AND KNOWLEDGE WORLDS FOR EXPLORATORY LEARNING

Graphical knowledge representations open promising perspectives to support the explorative learning on web. 2D-visualization are recently evaluated as gainful knowledge exploration systems, whereas 3D-visualization systems did not find their way into web-based explorative learning. 3D-visualizations and “ 3D Knowledge Worlds”, as virtual environment in context of e -learning, comprise a high degree of authenticity, because the used metaphors are known by the users from the real world. But different challenges like the usage of 3D-Knowledge World without losing the learning context and the focused learning goals are rarely investigated and considered. New technologies provide the opportunity to introduce 3D-visualizations and environments on web to support a webbased explorative learning. Therefore it is necessary to investigate the prospects of 3D-visualization for transferring and adopting knowledge on web. The following paper describes different approaches to use 3D-visualization and Knowledge Worlds for conveying knowledge on web-based systems using web-based contents. The approaches for 3D visualizations are classified into different layout algorithm and the knowledge worlds are classified interaction character.
Channels for Data Multicasting in Multi-service Networks *

The paper generalizes the abstraction of tree structured communication channels used in wide-area data multicasting by introducing the notions of: i) acyclic graph structured channel to provide connectivity among user entities in an application through network nodes and links, and ii) user specifiable attributes of data flow through a channel, namely, data directionality and data transfer rates. The abstraction is useful for multi-service networks where applications have diverse transport requirements such as multi-source broadcasting to a common set of destinations (e.g., video conferencing) and bidirectional/unidirectional data flow (e.g., broadcast audio). The directionality is used by the network to create unidirectional or bidirectional edges in the graph over the links between nodes through which data may flow in only one or both directions, as the case may be. The data rate may be mapped to resource demands on the network, viz., link bandwidth and node buffers, to transport data over the edges. The data directionality and data rate information are part of user level functional binding to graph structured channels in the network, and allow the network to effectively 'micro-manage' the resources. This becomes desirable, particularly with a large number of users and diverse transport requirements of applications, as in multi-service networks. Using the multicast graph abstraction, the end-systems in the network can directly support many-to-many communication structures for applications such as video conferencing and digital TV.
Shlaer-Mellor method

Background. The Shlaer-Mellor Method is a well-defined [1, 2, 3] and disciplined approach to the development of industrial-grade software. It is based on the object-oriented paradigm, and has developed over the past dozen years in the pragmatic environment of real-world projects. These projects have included manufacturing and process control applications, intelligent instruments and peripherals, banking operations, telecommunications, and defense applications.
AUTOMATIC ESTIMATION OF DIRECTION OF PROPAGATION OF FIRE FROM AERIAL IMAGERY

BEHAVE and FARSITE are tools being used to predict the dynamic propagation of wildland fire based on a set of input parameters that must be known a priori. Their use is limited when the fire scene parameters are not immediately known. The research that led to the BEHAVE model has shown that the contour of a fire front is elliptic when viewed from a remote platform. By exploiting this shape property and employing the tools developed from differential geometry and image processing, we suggest a method for estimating direction and relative speed of fire fronts based solely on a single 2D remote image. This technique may be useful to quickly generate a fire map dynamics for dissemination to fire managers in situations where continual aerial monitoring is not possible. Results for this approach using AVIRIS data sets are presented.
Randomized Path Planning for Visual Servoing

Visual servoing has been introduced as a promising solution for sensor-based robotic applications. The basic visual servoing task is to guide the motion of a robot with respect to a target object based on the feedback obtained through a vision system. Despite their popularity, Image-Based Visual Servoing (IBVS) schemes suffer from stability and convergence issues. Moreover, in IBVS techniques, there is no direct control over the image/camera/robot trajectories induced by the servoing loop in the image and physical spaces. Therefore, these trajectories might violate the image and/or physical constraints usually encountered in visual servoing tasks. Incorporating path planning strategies into the visual servo loop is a promising effort towards accounting for a variety of constraints. In this thesis, we propose a general and global path planning framework for image-based control built on the efficiency and success of randomized sampling-based path planning techniques. The proposed planner explores the camera planning space for permissible camera trajectories satisfying image constraints (e.g., camera field of view and occlusions) and simultaneously tracks these trajectories in the robot configuration space to check for robot kinematic constraints and collision with obstacles. The exploration in camera planning space follows a tree-based randomized planning scheme and a local controller is used to track camera trajectories in the robot configuration space. The proposed framework yields global trajectories for the whole robotic system. The solution trajectory is projected into the image space to obtain the corresponding feature trajectories pertinent to a target object. An image-based visual servoing scheme is then adopted to execute the solution feature trajectories. We implemented the proposed framework on a 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) robotic arm and a 9-DOF wheeled mobile manipulator. The effectiveness of the proposed planning scheme in accounting for a variety of image and physical constraints is shown through a number of real world experiments. We also provide an empirical study on the performance of the image-based trajectory tracking scheme under modeling and calibration uncertainties.
Principles of Model Checking (Representation and Mind Series)

Our growing dependence on increasingly complex computer and software systems necessitates the development of formalisms, techniques, and tools for assessing functional properties of these systems. One such technique that has emerged in the last twenty years is model checking, which systematically (and automatically) checks whether a model of a given system satisfies a desired property such as deadlock freedom, invariants, or request-response properties. This automated technique for verification and debugging has developed into a mature and widely used approach with many applications. Principles of Model Checking offers a comprehensive introduction to model checking that is not only a text suitable for classroom use but also a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners in the field. The book begins with the basic principles for modeling concurrent and communicating systems, introduces different classes of properties (including safety and liveness), presents the notion of fairness, and provides automata-based algorithms for these properties. It introduces the temporal logics LTL and CTL, compares them, and covers algorithms for verifying these logics, discussing real-time systems as well as systems subject to random phenomena. Separate chapters treat such efficiency-improving techniques as abstraction and symbolic manipulation. The book includes an extensive set of examples (most of which run through several chapters) and a complete set of basic results accompanied by detailed proofs. Each chapter concludes with a summary, bibliographic notes, and an extensive list of exercises of both practical and theoretical nature.
An Innovative Project Evaluation Technique Under Conditions of Information Uncertainty

The paper examines the effectiveness and efficiency of innovative projects under conditions of uncertain information. It discusses classification of the classical types of economies and technological structures through human history; proposes a classification of uncertainty types; discusses the advantages and disadvantages of existing effectiveness and efficiency evaluation methods; and presents an algorithm of innovative strategy formation. Previous studies by the authors of the current paper [Okorokov et al., 2014] analyzed the drawbacks of effectiveness evaluation methods for existing innovative projects. The current study aims to develop the methodology for effectiveness evaluation of innovative projects in the circumstances of increasing amounts of information and uncertainty. For this purpose, the authors used a combination of real options and fuzzy sets approaches, which allowed them to take into account all the necessary information. This paper presents net present value fuzzy evaluation. The proposed technique was implemented in real medium- and large-sized industrial organizations in one of the most innovative regions of Russia-Saint-Petersburg. The technique allows correction of the innovative projects as they are being implemented.
Effects of Diet and Weight Gain on Subcutaneous Body Fat Accretion Patterns and Adipocytokine Production in Thoroughbred Geldings

Title of Document: Effects of Diet and Weight Gain on Subcutaneous Body Fat Accretion Patterns and Adipocytokine Production in Thoroughbred Geldings Jessica K. Suagee, M.S., 2007 Directed By: Amy O. Burk, Ph.D., Department of Animal and Avian Sciences Fifteen Thoroughbred geldings on an eight month weight gain study were used to evaluate 1) the effects of weight gain and diet on body area (neck, withers, shoulders, ribs, loin, tailhead) condition scores, and 2) the effects of weight gain, diet, and exercise on serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α. The body condition scoring system developed in Quarter horse was slightly modified for use Thoroughbred geldings and involved developing prediction equations that utilized a smaller subset of the body areas. Horses at a BCS of 4 were found to be at a higher risk of inflammation that horses at a BCS of 7. The degree of inflammation was similar between horses fed either a high starch and sugar diet or high fiber and fat diet, indicated by similar TNF concentrations. Restricting daily exercise for two weeks was associated with increased inflammation. EFFECTS OF DIET AND WEIGHT GAIN ON SUBCUTANEOUS BODY FAT ACCRETION PATTERNS AND ADIPOCYTOKINE PRODUCTION IN THOROUGHBRED GELDINGS
Long T 2 water in multiple sclerosis: What else can we learn from multi-echo T 2

Magnetic resonance (MR) T2 relaxation measurements in vivo can provide specific information about the pathological changes that occur in the brains of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Multi-echo T2 relaxation measurements in healthy human brain can generally separate the MR visible proton signal into three components: (1) a very long T2 component (> 2 s) attributed to CSF, (2) an intermediate T2 component (~80 ms) attributed to intra/extracellular water and (3) a short T2 component (~20 ms) assigned to water trapped between myelin bilayers (myelin water) [12, 21]. Such multi-echo experiments have gained in popularity in recent years and have been used extensively to characterise myelin water, geometric mean T2 and water content in both healthy and diseased white matter [1, 5, 8, 9, 13, 14, 17, 19, 21–23]. Previous T2 relaxation work in MS has shown abnormalities in brain water content JO N 2595 Received: 16 October 2006 Received in revised form: 22 January 2007 Accepted: 12 February 2007 Published online: 4 September 2007
The Association of Calcium Intake and Other Risk Factors with Cardiovascular Disease among Obese Adults in USA

In this study, we used a cross-sectional study design to examine the relationship between the calcium intake and risk factors for CVD among obese adults by using continuous waves of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data 1999-2010. The association between calcium intake and risk factors of CVD (hypertension, total cholesterol, HDL, glycohemoglobin), CRP, albuminuria) is assessed among obese adults in USA. The incidence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is high among obese people. The potential effects of inadequate calcium intake on CVD are receiving increased epidemiologic attention. Understanding the association between risk factors for CVD and calcium intake among obese adults is important for the advancement of CVD, nutrition and obesity research. Data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999-2010 were examined, utilizing a subset of 14,856 obese subjects. Analysis of Variance statistical tests were conducted to determine associations between calcium intake and CVD risk. Simple and multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the predicted value of calcium intake with CVD. After adjusting for energy intake and other potential risk factors, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, glycosylated hemoglobin and albuminuria were negatively associated with calcium intake at α = 0.05 level in both linear and logistic regression analyses. In a comparison of calcium intake by quartiles, results reveal that total cholesterol had a weak negative association with calcium intake at α = 0.1 level. The implications of these study results are important as the importance of adequate calcium intake and its potential to decrease CVD among obese adults has incredible preventive value for populations. Additional research that focuses on dietary intake, calcium thresholds and impacts on total cholesterol levels in the body is warranted.
Sleep Stage Estimation Comparing Own Past Heartrate or Others' Heartrate

: To increase the accuracy of real-time sleep stage estimation when only a small number of sleep data can be obtained such as after going to bed, the information for the subject’s own sleep and other’s past sleep can be used. However, the types of other sleep data such as the subject’s own sleep data or other’s sleep data, which can contribute to the increase of the sleep stage estimation accuracy, are unknown. Therefore, this paper focuses on these two types of sleep data (i.e., the subject’s own sleep data and other’s sleep data) and aims to investigate the usefulness of these data for increasing the sleep stage estimation accuracy. Using human subject experiments, the following conclusions have been revealed: (1) the accuracy of the sleep stage estimation is improved using the similarity of either the subject’s own past sleep or others’ sleep and (2) the accuracy of the estimation method using the sleep data of six other people is higher than those obtained using the data for none, one, or two people.
Online Assessment Techniques

The online instructional delivery method should be used to facilitate teaching and promote learning. The obvious benefits of online courses may be convenience, flexibility, and "learning anytime, anywhere;" but teachers must ask if those benefits contribute to student learning outcomes. Online assessment must be used to measure both learning objectives and application of knowledge. The online educator should use assessment techniques to strategically reflect the pedagogy of online courses. Many current assessment techniques can be modified to use in online courses. There are also other skills, such as written communication, that may be enhanced due to the online delivery of instruction.