Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Coffee Growers’ Choice of Financing Options: The Case of Dale District, Sidama Zone, Ethiopia

The study assessed determinants of coffee farmers’ choices of financial options in Dale district. The study followed multistage simple random sampling method. Data collected from 162 coffee producing households in Dale district were used. Descriptive statistics for summarizing the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of coffee producing households and multinomial logit model to analyze the determinants of farmers’ financing source choices were used. According to descriptive statistics finding, education level of the household head, total livestock owned by the household, total land holding and land covered by coffee, average annual coffee supply of household , households past loan experience, membership to SACCOs, holding saving account and local administrative role of the household head shows statistically significant difference among households choice of financing options. The multinomial logit analysis result shows that, compared to financial institution (base category), household‘s livestock holding and households’ proximity to financial institution positively affectsthe use of equity financing, whereas house heads’ sex, holding a saving account, affiliation to local administration and past loan history negatively affects the use of equity financing. While holding a saving account, house head‘s age and affiliation to local administration negatively affects the choices of value chain financing. Households’ total livestock holding found to positively affect choice of value chain financing and other informal sources of finance than financial institutions. Conversely, holding a saving account, total land holding of the household and affiliation to a local administration are found to negatively affect the choice of other informal sources of financing than financial institutions. The study suggests that mounting of financial institutions; overcoming the bureaucracy and transparency problems of government owned financial institutions; provision of financial information and awareness creation for chain actors will improve the farmers’ financial choice decision.
The Role of Nano Particles Additives on The Wear Properties of Al-Pb alloy

The Al-Pb alloy is one of the important alloys, especially for bearings materials. The main problem of Al-Pb alloy is the difference in melting point and immiscibility between aluminum and lead. In this research mechanical alloying method was used to produce Al- 10%Pb- 4.5%Cu by mixing the constituent in a ball mill under argon atmosphere for two hours at 150 rpm , then it was pressed with different applied loads (44100, 49000, 53900, 58800 and 63700N) and at three sintering temperatures (350, 450 and 550℃). The results show that sintering temperature was the main factor affecting on the microstructure of alloy. The grain size was reduced with increasing sintering temperature and applied load. The results revealed that the best hardness and compressive strength was obtained with 58800N applied load and 450℃ sintering temperature due to the formation of CuAl 2 as well as good distribution of Pb. Alumina in a form of micro and nano particles size resulted in a decline in hardness and wear resistance, while micro Al 2 O 3 improved compressive strength and then decreased at high concentration (2wt. %). The addition of micro and nano SiC resulted in reduced hardness. Micro SiC improves wear resistance and slightly improved the compressive strength while nano SiC increased to some extent the compression strength and reduced wear resistance. The grains size decreased with the increase of the percentage of Al 2 O 3 and SiC (micro and nano) until 1.5% Al 2 O 3 and 1%SiC addition. X-ray diffraction indicated the formation of new Al-Cu intermetallic compound (Cu 9 Al 4 ) in the alloy containing Al 2 O 3 or SiC associated with disappears of CuAl 2 . Keywords: Mechanical alloying, Sintering, SEM, EDS, hardness, compressive strength, Wear.
Edentulous Ridges treatment with a CAD/CAM-Milled Screw-Retained Framework and possibility of Individually aligned Screw Channels: A Clinical Case Report and Review

Case report: Six months after implants placement, implant level impressions were taken from the mandibula and maxilla with individual trays using the open custom tray technique. The verification indexes for fixed complete dentures (FCDs) were fabricated with resin patterns. The master casts were scanned with an extraoral laser scanner and the frameworks were computerized and designed with reference to the verification indexes. The frameworks were fabricated from a Co-Cr alloy using the CAD/CAM-milled fabrication method and the tooth set-up was performed over each framework using prefabricated resin teeth. The FCDs were checked clinically and the prosthetic screws were tightened at the implant level without the interposition of an abutment.
Complete Bug Report Summarization using Task-Based Evaluation: A Survey

— Automatic text summarization is based on numerical, linguistical and empirical methods where the summarization system calculates how often certain key words presents. The key words belong to the so named as open class words. The summarization system computes the frequency of the key words in the text, which sentences they are existing in, and where these sentences are in the text. In other words, summaries save time in our daily work. To write a summary of a text is a non-trivial process where one, on one hand has to extract the most central information from the original text, and on the other has to consider the reader of the text and her previous knowledge and possible special interests. Automatic Text Summarization is a technique where a computer summarizes a text. A text is given to the computer and the computer returns a shorter less redundant extract of the original text. So far automatic text summarization has not yet reached the quality possible with manual summarization, where a human interprets the text and writes a completely new shorter text with new lexical and syntactic choices. However, automatic text summarization is untiring, consistent and always available. Evaluating summaries and automatic text summarization systems is not a straightforward process. Generally speaking there is one can also perform task-based evaluations where one tries to discern to what degree the resulting summaries are beneficent for the completion of a specific task. It focuses on different aspects of creating an environment for evaluating information extraction systems, with a center of interest in automatic text summarization.
Effect of processing methods on proximate composition and antioxidant activity of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an old medicinal plant and has been commonly used as a traditional food and medicine. The seeds of fenugreek contain lysine and Ltryptophan rich proteins, mucilaginous fiber and other rare chemical constituents such as saponins, coumarine, sapogenins and trigonelline, which are thought to account for many of its presumed therapeutic effects, may inhibit cholesterol absorption and thought to help lower sugar levels. Fenugreek seeds have also been reported to exhibit pharmacological properties such as anti-tumor, anti-viral and antioxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of processing methods (roasted, soaked, germinated and pressure cooking) on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of fenugreek seeds. The antimicrobial activity of fenugreek seeds was also analysed. Raw fenugreek seed flour contained higher amount of crude fiber (20.6%) followed by 15.8% in roasted seed flour, 10.2% in germinated and 6.21% in pressure cooked sample. Pressure cooking, germination and soaking enhanced the calcium and iron content of fenugreek seed flour. The protein content of raw fenugreek seed flour was 27.09% which was enhanced to 28.47% after germination. Germinated samples had highest DPPH % and FRAP content of 48.84% and 6.49mg ascorbic acid/g, respectively as compared to other treated samples. The aqueous extracts showed broadest antimicrobial activity by inhibiting most of the microbial strains involved. Among the microbial strains tested, Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were the most susceptible strains whereas Salmonella enterica and Shigella flexeneri were the most resistant microbes. © 2016 Universal Research Publications. All rights reserved
Performance Analysis of Different LMS Algorithms for Health Monitoring ECG Sensor

In this paper, with the latest advancements in electronics, several techniques are used for removal of unwanted entities from signals especially that are implied in the most sophisticated applications. The removal of power line interference from most sensitive medical monitoring equipment’s can also be removed by implementing various useful techniques with different error nonlinearity-based adaptive filters, which are computationally superior having multiplier free weight update loops are used for cancellation of noise in electrocardiographic (ECG) signals. The proposed implementation is suitable for applications such as biotelemetry, where power line interference (50/60 Hz) is the main source of noise in most of bio-electric signals. These schemes mostly employ simple addition, shift operations and achieve considerable speed up over the other least mean square (LMS)-based realizations. Simulation studies shows that the proposed realization gives better performance compared to existing realizations.
Face Acknowledgement Framework Using Hybrid Of Genetic Algorithm And Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

: In this framework, we proposed a framework for enhancing the features of face recognition system. We are doing Image pre-processing basically for features enhancement of an input image that provides efficient image recognition. Some changes in every phase are important to improve the recognition results. A similar approach has been applied. A schema has been proposed for better face recognition system. Enhancing image contrast and then rotating the image by some degrees to get different view perspectives of the image, cropping the face in proper region for exact feature selection continued by a hybrid approach of ant colony optimization and genetic algorithm for face detection.
Int. J. Biosci

The objective of this study was to compare phenolic profile of three varieties of Algerian dates, and the use for the first time of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC-FL) to determine antioxiadant capacity of dates. Total phenolics using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the anthocyanins by the pH differential method in three varieties of dates (Dglet-Nour, Ajwa and Ghars). The results obtained were expressed as means of three replicate ± standard deviation (n = 3) on a fresh weight basis. Total polyphenolics values were about 97.16 ±1.25 and 245.32 ± 13.12 and 246 mg/100 g Ferrulic Acid Equivalent (FAE) for Deglet-Nour variety (water/aceton extraction) respectively. In the same order of solvents used. The varieties (Ghars and Ajwa) have presented total phenolics concentrations: (73.81±0.81; 86.63 and 64.77±0.42; 81.11) mg/100 g FAE. These dates’ varieties have shown a good result of total anthocyanins (0.91; 0.75 and 0.56 mg equivalent cyanidine3-glucoside /100g for the varieties Deglet-Nour, Ajwa and Ghars in the same order. ORAC-FL have presented a high results compared by other methods ((DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TEAC). High values were registred for Deglet-Nour (4844 and 4818.67 ±32.14) μ moles equivalent trolox/100 g and 3891μ moles for Ajwa. Only 2648 μ moles equivalent trolox /100 g were registered for Ghars variety. The temperature effect on pH and total phenolics content was equally tested in this study. In this work, we have added a new conclusion about the high nutrition value of Deglet-Nour variety. * Corresponding Author: Kheira Zerrouki  kheirazerrouki.dz@gmail.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 11, No. 6, p. 16-26, 2017
ANFIS: Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System- A Survey

paper, we presented the architecture and basic learning process underlying ANFIS (adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system) which is a fuzzy inference system implemented in the framework of adaptive networks. Soft computing approaches including artificial neural networks and fuzzy inference have been used widely to model expert behavior. Using given input/output data values, the proposed ANFIS can construct mapping based on both human knowledge (in the form of fuzzy if-then rules) and hybrid learning algorithm. In modeling and simulation, the ANFIS strategy is employed to model nonlinear functions, to control one of the most important parameters of the induction machine and predict a chaotic time series, all yielding more effective, faster response or settling times.
An integrated approach to assessing the bio-activity of nutrients in vitro: The anti-oxidant effects of catechin and chlorogenic acid as an example

To explore how screening for potential nutrient bio-activity could be improved by integrating biological and chemical markers of cellular responses, we assessed the effect of the known anti-oxidants, catechin and chlorogenic acid, on anti-oxidant activity in vitro. We determined an active concentration (25 μM) of each compound and then measured its effects on anti-oxidant gene expression and regulation, enzyme activity, and cellular anti-oxidant activity. We found that only catechin retained biological anti-oxidant effects in vitro,although catechin and chlorogenic acid are chemical anti-oxidants. A limited role for microRNA regulation of anti-oxidant was found, however it cannot be excluded as a possible mechanism because other microRNAs and/or epigenetic factors may be involved. Our approach found that screening for bio-activity of nutrients, in this example anti-oxidant activity, is more appropriate using an integrated approach and highlights the importance of using a range of techniques, such as those used in this study, to properly characterise the effects of dietary ingredients.
Structural Insight into the Binding Interactions of Native and Mutant Structures of Dihydrofolate Reductases

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an important enzyme in the cell and is the target for antifolate drugs such as methotrexate, pyrimethamine and trimethoprim. In this study, we compared the binding interactions of trimethoprim with native and mutant structure of DHFR by computational methods. We generated four mutant structures of DHFR by using UCSF chimera. Binding energies of trimethoprim with native and mutant structures of DHFR were computed by using Autodock. Finally, one mutant structure (1YHO_Q35I) which has been generated by computational methods, has shown a high affinity binding affinity towards the trimethoprim the native other mutant structures.
Design & Fabrication of Sierpinski Fractal Antenna for Multiband Wireless Application

115 www.ijerm. com  Abstract— The Sierpinski (SPK) geometry has a paramount application in multiband antennas. The multi frequency characteristics of the SPK are characterized by its scaling factor and successive iterations. Here I propose a modified fractal Sierpinski patch antenna capable to work with multiband wireless application is proposed. Various heights of a triangle component in Sierpinski antenna are compared to achieve the desired resonant frequencies and then a coplanar wave guide feed is used to achieve more multiband resonant frequencies within 0-7 GHz frequency range. The characteristics for Return loss clearly shows that the antenna can be utilized for WLAN and also GSM bands for VSWR<2.
Analysis of Buffer Sizing in Core Routers and Investigating Its Impact on Flow of Files

— Buffer sizing has received a lot of attention recently since it is becoming increasingly difficult to use large buffers in high speed routers. TCP dictate buffer size in the routers must be in the order of band width delay(C*RTT) Product. It can be scaled down to (C*RTT/Square root (N)) or O (1) with N long lived connections on the internet. In this paper, we re-examine the buffer-size requirements of core routers when flows arrive and depart. We are arriving at two insights. First, when the core to access speed ratio is large O (1) buffer size is efficient in a network. Second, the two parameters buffer sizes and number of flows in the system should not be treated as individual quantities.
BACTERIOCIN: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR PRESERVATION OF FOOD

Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides which are ribosomally synthesized and produced by Lactic acid bacteria. They play a major role in prevention of human disease such as cancer, inflammatory disease, respiratory infection, systemic infection, intestinal disorder and bacterial infection and also contribute in maintaining the healthy gut microflora. Now day’s bacteriocin is emerging as the very promising natural alternative against the antibiotic and chemical preservatives and gaining commercial importance worldwide. The inhibition of pathogenic bacterial strains occurs due to cell permiabilization, but producing strains are protected from it by specific immunity proteins. They are mainly classified in 4 classes: class I, class II, class III, and class IV bacteriocin based on lantibiotics ring. Nisin, Pediocin, Lactococcin B, Acidocin CH5, Curvacin A, and Sakacin are the bacteriocins, which have strong inhibition against pathogenic bacterial strain and used in food preservation. This review article summarizes and focuses on general introduction, classification, ecology and potential applications of bacteriocin as biopreservatives in food industry.
ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2014), Volume 2, Issue 6, 586-607

S. M. Sayyah Potassium dichromate initiated polymerization of o-tolidine in acidified aqueous medium was carried out. The effects of potassium dichromate, hydrochloric acid and monomer concentrations on the polymerization reaction were investigated. The order of reaction with respect to potassium dichromate, hydrochloric acid and monomer concentration was found to be 0.927, 0.984 and 1.086 respectively. Also, the effect of temperature on the polymerization rate was studied and the apparent activation energy of the polymerization reaction was found to be 59.26 kJ/mol. A molecular mechanism for the oxidation of o-tolidine using potassium dichromate is proposed. This mechanism explains the specific features of o-tolidine oligomerization and polymerization. The obtained polymer was characterized using XPS, IR, UV-visible and elemental analysis. The surface morphology of the obtained polymers was characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TGA analysis was used to confirm the proposed structure and number of water molecules in each polymeric chain unit. The ac conductivity (σac) of (POTO) was investigated as a function of frequency and temperature. The microscopic conduction mechanism of charge carries over the potential barrier in polymer backbone is classical hopping model.
Robust Watermarking of Relational Databases Based on Extension of Quantization Index Modulation to Circular Histograms

In the internet and cloud computing paradigms the use of digital data is increasing excessively, where such kind of data is stored in various digital formats and also in related nature as a relational data. Watermarking methods has been proposed for multimedia, digital documents, software and, more recently, for databases. Two categories, depending on application, distinguish watermarks: fragile watermarks for tamper detection and robust watermarks for ownership verification.In this paper, a new robust database watermarking scheme the origin of which is based on a semantic control of the data distortion and on the extension of quantization index modulation (QIM) to circular histograms of numeric and non-numeric attributes is proposed. It can be used for verifying database authentication as well as for traceability when identifying database origin after it has been modified. With feature region selection method, a non-overlapping feature region set is selected which has the greatest robustness against various attacks and can preserve data quality as much as possible after watermarked. This work is formulated by a multidimensional knapsack problem (MDKP) and solved by a genetic algorithm based approach. An experimental result of the proposed scheme indicates improved watermark capacity with less distortion and maintains original data quality.
Antioxidant content and in vitro antioxidant activities of extracts from popped Euryale ferox seeds

Euryale ferox has been widely used in traditional oriental medicine, ayurveda to treat several illnesses and also in Indian cookery. The aim of this study was to analyze the antioxidant content and in vitro antioxidant activity of popped Euryale ferox seeds. Popped seeds were found to contain low quantities of total phenolics (52.7 mg/100g gallic acid equivalents) and flavonoids (1.25 mg/100g rutin equivalents). The ethanol and 80% methanol extracts showed 1,1 Diphenyl-2picryl -hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity in a dose dependant manner with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 109. 3μg/ml, 91μg/ml respectively. Ferric reducing ability of 80% methanol and ethanol extracts were lower than butylated hydroxy toluene used as a standard and aqueous extract had the least activity. These results suggest that popped seed extracts are relatively lower in antioxidant content and in vitro antioxidant activity in comparison with reported values of extracts from raw seeds and seed shell which can be the outcome of high temperature applied during the processing of seeds.
AUTOMATED DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF LEUKEMIA USING IMAGE PROCESSING AND MACHINE LEARNING

Leukaemia stands for blood cancer that begins in the bone marrow and results in the generation of abnormal cells. Leukaemia is mainly classified as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). This thesis makes an effort to devise a methodology for the detection and classification of Leukaemia. The images have been segmented using HSV colour based segmentation algorithm. The morphological components of normal and Leukemic lymphocytes differ significantly; hence various features are extracted from the segmented lymphocyte images, for detection purpose. The leukaemia is classified using SVM classifier.