Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amino acid digestibility coefficient values of animal protein meals with dietary protease for broiler chickens

Abstract A digestibility experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary exogenous monocomponent protease on the coefficient of apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and coefficient apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids in meat and bones meal (MBM), poultry byproducts meal (PBPM), and feather meal (FM). A total of 512 Cobb-500 male broiler chickens (aged 14 d) were randomly placed into 64 metabolism cages (8 birds per pen) and were allocated to eight treatments with eight replicates in a semi-controlled environmental room. The experimental diets consisted of the basal diet (corn/SBM) and the replacement of 300 g/kg on a weight basis with MBM, PBPM, or FM. The excreta were collected during 3 d (19 to 21 d), and the ileal digesta (using Celite as an indigestible marker) only 1 d (21 d). The protease contained 75,000 PROT units/g. The use of the enzyme increased (P < 0.05) ATTD for alanine, cysteine, glycine, and threonine in the basal diet and AID for the amino acids alanine, cysteine, glycine, lysine, threonine, and valine for the basal diet (vegetable). Regarding meals, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in the amino acid digestibility in large part due to the amino acids of MBM (14) and PBPM (9), with only five amino acids for FM. The amino acids glycine and threonine showed increases (P < 0.05) in both total and ileal digestibility for all animal meals and for the diet based on corn and soybean meal, which indicates a high specificity of the enzyme for these amino acids. The overall results obtained in this study found satisfactory effectiveness of this exogenous protease. The total collection method was lower by 1.83% of amino acids digestibility than the ileal method.
Germinación y bioestimulación en Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd y Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Barneby para la remoción de As, Cd y Zn de lodos residuales por extracción de gas shale en Tamaulipas

Introducción: En la actualidad, existe una creciente demanda de hidrocarburos, lo que ha provocado el empleo de tecnologías no convencionales como la fracturación hidráulica. Sin embargo, esta técnica ocasiona daños ambientales a los ecosistemas por la generación de lodos residuales, como es el caso del matorral espinoso tamaulipeco que se encuentra dentro de la Cuenca de Burgos, zona de relevancia económica para la explotación de gas convencional. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la germinación de Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd y Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Barneby y su uso potencial con bioestimulación, en la remoción de As, Cd y Zn en lodos residuales provenientes de la extracción de gas shale. Método: Se colectaron semillas de Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd y Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Barneby en el ejido El Zaus, municipio de Hidalgo, Tamaulipas. Se evaluó el índice de germinación (IG) de acuerdo con Zucconi. Los tratamientos fueron 23, considerando los sustratos (dos tipos de lodo, suelo y una mezcla de ambos sustratos), las dos especies de plántulas (Acacia y Ebenopsis) y la bioestimulación donde se utilizó una solución de urea al 46 %. Se utilizaron macetas de tres kilogramos como unidades experimentales, donde se sembraron tres plántulas con tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Se realizó un muestreo final de cada tratamiento para las determinaciones correspondientes de As, Cd, Zn, P y K, las cuales se realizaron por extracción de (DTPA), y posteriormente se llevaron a espectroscopia de emisión atómica de inducción por plasma (ICP-OES Varian modelo 725-ES, Agilent Mulgrave, Australia). El Nitrógeno total, en plántulas y sustratos, se realizó por el método micro Kjeldahl, y la materia orgánica (MO) por Walkely Black.Resultados: Se observaron diferencias en IG (P = 0.02374). Los resultados indican que las características estructurales (tamaño) y fisiológicas (viabilidad del embrión) de las semillas están relacionadas con la capacidad de germinación de estas especies en sustratos contaminados. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la concentración de As, Cd, y Zn, a través del tratamiento (P < 0.0001). La acumulación de As, Cd y Zn, fue determinada por la estructura de la planta (raíz > tallo >hoja). Conclusión: El índice de germinación de Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd y Ebenopsis ebano (Berl.) Barneby, en sustratos acuosos de lodos residuales provenientes de la extracción de gas shale, se sustenta en las características estructurales y fisiológicas de cada especie. La remoción de As, Cd y Zn, estuvo influenciada por la especie, el sustrato, la bioestimulación con la urea y la presencia de MO que confiere el efecto tapón que controló la alcalinidad de los sustratos y, por ende, la movilidad de los metales.
Residual Waste Behaviour Of Residential Households

The world is experiencing environment deterioration and the deterioration is often linked with the rapid growth of a country. In addition, the industrial development and urban lifestyle are increasing which result in many cities having problems with disposal of recyclable and residual waste (non-recyclable). This study examines three factors that affect residual waste behaviour of Putrajaya residential communities. Data collection involved distributing 200 self-administered questionnaires to Putrajaya residents. Results indicate national culture, social influence and environmental governance influence the intention to adopt residual waste behaviour. The results from this research will assist Malaysian government agencies by providing information on residual waste behaviour services or attributes.
Competition between Invasive Ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua) and Native Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) in Experimental Mesocosms

Ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua) were introduced to North America from Europe in the mid-1980s and based on similar diets and habit use may compete with yellow perch (Perca flavescens). To examine competitive interactions between invasive ruffe and native yellow perch, individually marked perch and ruffe were placed in mesocosms in a small lake. Mesocosms allowed fish to interact and feed on the natural prey populations enclosed. In the first experiment, four treatments were assessed: 28 perch, 14 perch + 14 ruffe, 14 perch, and 7 perch + 7 ruffe. Yellow perch growth was significantly lower in the presence of ruffe (ANOVA, p = 0.005) than in treatments containing only perch. In a second experiment, an increasing density of one species was superimposed upon a constant density of the other in parallel treatment series. Growth rates of both ruffe and perch declined when ruffe density was increased (t test, p = 0.006). However, neither ruffe nor perch growth was affected by increasing perch density. Total stomach content mass of perch was significantly decreased by ruffe in both years (p < 0.02), but no effects of ruffe on the composition of perch diets were observed. Ruffe growth and food consumption was greater than that of perch for both experiments. Ruffe can outcompete yellow perch when both species depend on a limited benthic food resource. Thus there is reason for concern for the ecological effects of ruffe if they expand their range into Lake Erie or North American inland lakes that contain yellow perch.
Visual Cues Have a More Extensive Effect on Topmouth Gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) than Chemosensory Cues in Identifying Novel Predators

Through population expansion and accidental or deliberate introduction, prey commonly encounter novel predators they had never seen before. Several studies have shown that animals can generalize their learned recognition of a familiar predator to novel ones according to predators' identical or similar features. This process in fish mainly depends on the visual and chemosensory cues they receive. However, there is a lack of understanding of the different effects of these two cues. Topmouth gudgeons (Pseudorasbora parva) that had never seen turtles were captured and used as the subjects, and three freshwater turtles of different genera were used as predators. Before and after using one turtle for predator training treatment of topmouth gudgeons, fish responses to visual and chemosensory cues of each turtle were tested and recorded, and it was found that predator training promoted topmouth gudgeons' recognition of the risks represented by visual cues of all three turtles and by chemosensory cues of the turtle that were used in training. These results further verify the generalization of predator recognition in fish and indicate that visual cues have a more extensive effect on fish than chemosensory cues in identifying novel predators, especially predators that are distantly related to the familiar threats.
Quantifying Seasonal‐to‐Interannual‐Scale Storm Impacts on Morphology Along a Cuspate Coast With a Hybrid Empirical Orthogonal Function Approach

The direct impacts of storms on beaches have been well studied; less well understood are the controls of storms on their seasonal‐interannual evolution. We apply a novel empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to a 5‐year data set of monthly subaerial beach topography at Kennedy Space Center, Florida, to extract dominant spatiotemporal topographic patterns. Our hybrid surface EOF (SEOF) approach applies 1‐D EOF techniques to a data set varying in two dimensions, thereby extracting topographic patterns in the longshore and cross‐shore simultaneously while preserving the analytical simplicity of 1‐D approaches. These topographic patterns are then linked to observations of storm impacts. Our approach comprehensively illustrates that storms influenced local topographic evolution over event‐to‐interannual‐timescales. The first mode of topographic variability captures an interannual‐scale change in behavior triggered by the impact of Hurricane Sandy (2012), whereby a cape feature began and sustained rapid aggradation following the event. This pattern is likely linked to storm‐response processes and pre‐existing morphodynamic feedbacks, illustrating that storm response can dictate poststorm recovery processes. This pattern overwhelmed a spatially uniform, seasonal topographic signal, which we attribute to seasonal variability in water level and storminess forcings. The third mode shows links to local framework geology and suggests that some storms can create and/or destroy subaerial berms at this site, where spatial variability of berm existence in discrete longshore compartments can remain stable until a future event. Our results illustrate mechanisms by which storms can create persistent topographic imprints that remain visible for months‐years following events, potentially influencing response to future storms.
New records of polypores (Basidiomycota) from the state of São Paulo, Brazil

The diversity of polypores in Brazil is still poorly known. During a survey of this group in Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Nucleo Santa Virginia, Sao Paulo state, undertaken from April 2013 to April 2014, the species Cinereomyces dilutabilis (Loguercio-Leite & J.E. Wright) Miettinen, Flaviporus brownii (Humb.) Donk, F. subhydrophilus (Speg.) Rajchenb. & J.E. Wright, Fomitiporia bambusarum (Rick) Campos-Santana & Decock, Inonotus tropicalis (M.J. Larsen & Lombard) T. Wagner & M. Fisch. , Junghuhnia carneola (Bres.) Rajchenb. , Rigidoporus crocatus (Pat.) Ryvarden and Skeletocutis nivea (Jungh.) Jean Keller were found as new records for the state of Sao Paulo and Dichomitus cylindrosporus Ryvarden as a new record for Brazil. Full descriptions, illustrations and remarks on the species are provided.
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diversity of cassava genotypes in relation to cassava brown streak disease in Mozambique

Abstract Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) remains a major threat to cassava production in Mozambique. Breeding for CBSD resistant varieties that are also preferred by farmers is an integral part of managing the disease. The main objective of the study was to determine the genetic relationship between farmer-preferred varieties from Mozambique with those from Tanzania whose resistance to CBSD is known and some of which are being used as parents in quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection studies. To achieve this, 103 genotypes collected from farmers’ field in three provinces of Mozambique were genotyped together with five varieties from Tanzania whose CBSD response is well known. Thirty-five single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers with a high minor allele frequency in East African landraces were used. Results indicated that seven Mozambican genotypes were genetically similar to either one of the four Tanzanian CBSD resistant genotypes while Xino Nn'gole was genetically identical to Namikonga a CBSD resistant variety, based on the SNPs used here. Little genetic differentiation was observed in cassava between provinces, with the majority of genetic variation distributed within individual genotypes (98%) rather than among provinces (2%). Both observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity in three provinces were generally high (Ho = 0.496) and (He = 0.455). There is a high likelihood that the eight genotypes similar/identical to those from Tanzania may share the same QTL associated with CBSD resistance thus should be further evaluated for agronomic traits as well as response to CBSD.
Electro-thermal co-design of β-(AlxGa1-x)2O3/Ga2O3 modulation doped field effect transistors

Ultra-wide bandgap β-gallium oxide (Ga2O3) devices are of considerable interest with potential applications in both power electronics and radio frequency devices. However, current Ga2O3 device technologies are limited by the material's low intrinsic electron mobility and thermal conductivity. The former problem can be addressed by employing modulation-doped β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3/Ga2O3 heterostructures in the device architecture. In this work, (AlxGa1−x)2O3/Ga2O3 modulation-doped field effect transistors (MODFETs) have been investigated from a thermal perspective. Thermoreflectance thermal imaging was used to characterize the self-heating of the MODFETs. The (Al0.18Ga0.82)2O3 thermal conductivity (3.1–3.6 W/mK) was determined using a frequency domain thermoreflectance technique. Electro-thermal modeling was used to discern the effect of design parameters such as substrate orientation and channel length on the device self-heating behavior. Various thermal management schemes were evaluated using the electro-thermal device model. From an electro-thermal co-design perspective, the improvement in electrical performance followed by the mitigation of self-heating was also studied. For example, by employing a Ga2O3-on-SiC composite wafer, which was fabricated in this work, a 50% increase in power handling capability can be achieved as compared to a homoepitaxial device. Furthermore, flip-chip heterointegration and double-sided cooling approaches can lead to more than 2× improvement in the power handling capability. Using an augmented double-sided cooling design that includes nanocrystalline diamond passivation, a 5× improvement in the power handling capability can be accomplished, indicating the potential of the technology upon implementation of a suitable thermal management scheme.
Supply Chain Management and Organizational Performance among Kenyan Textile Firms: A Moderated Mediation Model of Government Support and Environmental Uncertainty

The study tested whether supply chain management had a significant effect on the performance of textile firms in Kenya, and whether this relationship was mediated by government support. The study also examined whether the indirect relationship between supply chain management and performance of textile firms by government support was moderated by environmental uncertainty. A sample of 309 employees of textile and apparel firms located in Nairobi City County was used to test the model. The study confirmed that supply chain management was a positive and significant predictor of performance of textile firms and that this relationship was mediated by government support. In addition, the study established that environmental uncertainty moderated the indirect relationship between supply chain management and organizational performance via government support. Findings from the study opened a new frontier through which performance of textile firms in Kenya can be approached, by highlighting factors that need to be brought on board.
PLOTTING PATHWAYS ACROSS TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGES IN BUSINESS EDUCATION: A DESIDERATUM FOR EMPOWERING LEARNERS TO ENGAGE THE WORLD

This paper attempted to plot pathways across transformational changes in bus iness education which if followed will certainly empower business education learners to engage the world. To set the tone of the discourse, misconceptions and challenges of ideal business education expectation framework such as issues and challenges posed by curriculum, technology, specialization, professionalization, accreditation, keyboarding, shorthand and teaching students to find work were broadly synthesized. It was clearly revealed that the nature of work has changed because businesses and organizati ons are transforming in dizzying speed. The changes brought to the workplace include but not limited to the way business communicates, improving business security, keeping business organized, helping in cost management, enabling remote working, etc. It was shown that the first and second Industrial Revolution brought dramatic changes but these changes cannot be compared to transformations which came with development of digital systems communication and rapid advances of computing power that have accentuated new ways of generating, processing and sharing information. Yet, these changes are nothing compared to the expected digitization impact on the capabilities of humans and machines which the Forth Industrial Revolution, described as cyber - physical systems, will unleash. The conclusion is that a new kind of training is necessary, a training in basic, intermediate and advanced digital skills needed by business education students for employability in the digital workplace of the future thereby meeting the expec ted market demand of over 230 million jobs in Sub - Saharan Africa alone. It was recommend among others, that business educators must seize opportunity presented by digitization to leverage on big data, connectivity, and analytics so that the future which re flects the objectives and values of business education discipline can be realized.
TRPM4/5's Role in Inspiratory Calcium-Activated Nonspecific Cation Current

In mammals, the breathing behavior originates in brainstem n tworks. Neurons of the mammalian respiratory rhythmogenerator, the preBötzing er complex (preBötC), augment periodic synaptic input to generate robust envelopes of dep olarization calledinspiratory drive potentials. Calcium-activated non-specific cationic current ( ICAN) has been implicated in drive potential generation via an inositol 1,4,5-t risphosphate (IP 3) dependent mechanism. The protein or proteins underlying this current, how ever, remain unknown. Because of their unique biophysical properties, two homologs of the ransient receptor potential (TRP) channel family, TRPM4/5, make attractive candidates for (ICAN). Earlier RT-PCR experiments demonstrated expression of TRPM4/5 mRNAs with in the preBötC. Additionally, using anatomical landmarks, earlier immunohistoche mical data demonstrate expression of TRPM4/5 protein in neurons of the inspiratory networ k. Here, we provide the first functional evidence for TRPM4/5 in the preBötC. Pharmacol ogical inhibition of TRPM4 by a selective inhibitor, 9-phenanthrol, progressively at tenuated drive potentials, consistent with a functional role for TRPM4 in inspiratory burst genera tion. Additionally, we propose a protocol that will facillitate single-channel recording s from preBötC neurons. We conclude that, while not definitive, many lines of evidence now s uggest TRPM4/5 channels as the molecular identity of ICAN.
Pinus strobiformis seedling growth in southwestern US mixed conifer forests in managed and non-managed stands

Resources available for tree regeneration growth vary within and between stands. Understanding variation can help land managers choose appropriate sites and management strategies for desired regeneration. We measured southwestern white pine ( Pinus strobiformis, SWWP) age, annual height growth, stem diameter, crown widths and lengths, needle lengths and branch morphology to determine geographic variation and effects of different silvicultural treatments on seedling height growth in southwestern US mixed conifer stands. We hypothesized both between- and within-stand variables would be related to mean and recent height growth. Thirty-seven per cent of the variance in mean annual growth (cm yr − 1 ) was explained; growth increased with Douglas- ﬁ r site index and on north-facing slopes, and decreased with increasing ponderosa pine densities and per cent ground cover of litter. Recent 3-year height growth increased with site index and decreased with per cent ground cover of litter, increasing canopy closure and in the presence of a nearby microsite object. Height growth was less near downed-woody debris and next to the base of overstory trees. Land managers can use results by regenerating SWWP (natural or planted) on higher productivity sites and north-facing slopes, and avoiding areas with thick layers of litter/duff or planting in areas with high ponderosa pine seedling densities. Stimulating natural regeneration or outplanting seedlings may be necessary to sustain SWWP with the dual threats of climate change and an effects (Zuur et al. , 2009). Our hypothesis-driven model was that average annual height growth (cmyr − 1 over seedling lifetime) and recent 3-year growth (cmyr − 1 over recent 3 years) would both be affected by the stand-level factors of site productivity, slope, aspect, elevation, TRMI and management type; by the within-stand subplot-level factors of overstory BA, canopy closure and understory densities; and the tree-level variable of microsite. We included all of these factors in full linear regression models to investigate growth rates ( n = 184 seedlings, 91 subplots, 36 stands) and used backwards selection to remove factors one by one, using the highest P -value to determine the order of removal.We determined marginal ( ﬁ xed effects only) and conditional ( ﬁ xed and random effects) coef ﬁ cients of determinations with the ‘ r.squaredGLMM ’ function in the ‘ MuMIn ’ package. Forest Service for assistance in gathering stand exam data, advice on site selections, information on forest treatments, providing housing and site access, and supporting this research. Drs T. Kolb, P. Fule and T. provided reviews that improved earlier versions of this
A Study of Global Value Chain Through Islamic Economic Framework

Global Value Chain is a useful tool for tracking global production patterns for improving the economies of countries in the global economy with highly complex industrial interactions explicitly for poor and developing countries. This study seeks to link several previous studies, which discussed GVC with Islamic economic Fiqh. Of these, the objective of the current investigation is to study a GVC through Islamic economic framework (Fiqh). This study designed using Qualitative approach with reviewing the relevant literature (themes and topics). The results of this study found that the global dimension of GVC through the concept of Fiqh is input output, which consists of the sharia principles such as moral, quality and priority scale. Further, its distribution intended for Da'wah, education, social and economy. For geographical scope, it consists of a trade negotiation space of various countries. In conclusion, the structure of government in spending money to society who are weak in the faith will lead to deviation of economic activity from the right path. Keywords—Global value chain, Islamic economic framework, Concept of Fiqh, Input-Output