Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Lagrangian Analysis of Pockets of Open Cells over the Southeast Pacific

Abstract. Pockets of open cells (POCs) have been shown to develop within closed-cell stratocumulus (StCu) and a large body of evidence suggests that the development of POCs result from changes in small-scale processes internal to the boundary layer rather than large-scale forcings. Precipitation is widely viewed as a key process important to POC development and maintenance. In this study, GOES-16 satellite observations are used in conjunction with MERRA-2 winds to track and compare the microphysical and environmental evolution of two populations of closed-cell StCu selected by visual inspection over the southeast Pacific Ocean: one group that transitions to POCs and another control group that does not. The high spatio-temporal resolution of the new GOES-16 data allows for a detailed examination of the temporal evolution of POCs in this region. We find that POCs tend to develop near the coast, last tens of hours, are larger than 104 km2, and often (88 % of cases) do not re-close before they exit the StCu deck. Most POCs are observed to form at night and tend to exit the StCu during the day when the StCu is contracting in area. Relative to the control trajectories, POCs have systematically larger effective radii, lower cloud drop number concentrations, comparable conditional in-cloud liquid water path, and a higher frequency of more intense rainfall. Meanwhile, no systematic environmental differences other than boundary-layer height are observed between POC and control trajectories. These results support the consensus view regarding the importance of precipitation on the formation and maintenance of POCs and demonstrate the utility of modern geostationary remote sensing data in evaluating POC lifecycle.
Electromagnetic behavior of radar absorbing materials based on conducting polymers

The efficiency of recently developed RAM (Radar Absorbing Materials) based on conducting polymers in sheet texture has been investigated by X-band (8 to 12 GHz) scattering measurements and, also by determination of their complex dielectric constant by a waveguide method. This paper presents the experimental methodology used to characterize RAM based on a conducting polymer called polyaniline. The correlation between the considerable loss tangent of the material and its reflectivity (return loss) suggests its application for aeronautical purposes, for example, to decrease the radar cross section of aircraft.
Reconstruction of evolutionary changes in fat and toxin consumption reveals associations with gene losses in mammals: A case study for the lipase inhibitor PNLIPRP1 and the xenobiotic receptor NR1I3

The inactivation of ancestral protein‐coding genes (gene loss) can be associated with phenotypic modifications. Within placental mammals, repeated losses of PNLIPRP1 (gene inhibiting fat digestion) occurred preferentially in strictly herbivorous species, whereas repeated NR1I3 losses (gene involved in detoxification) occurred preferentially in strictly carnivorous species. It was hypothesized that lower fat contents of herbivorous diets and lower toxin contents of carnivorous diets cause relaxed selection pressure on these genes, resulting in the accumulation of mutations and ultimately to convergent gene losses. However, because herbivorous and carnivorous diets differ vastly in their composition, a fine‐grained analysis is required for hypothesis testing. We generated a trait matrix recording diet and semi‐quantitative estimates of fat and toxin consumption for 52 placental species. By including data from 31 fossil taxa, we reconstructed the ancestral diets in major lineages (grundplan reconstruction). We found support that PNLIPRP1 loss is primarily associated with low levels of fat intake and not simply with herbivory/carnivory. In particular, PNLIPRP1 loss also occurred in carnivorous lineages feeding on a fat‐poor diet, suggesting that the loss of this gene may be beneficial for occupying ecological niches characterized by fat‐poor food resources. Similarly, we demonstrated that carnivorous species are indeed less exposed to diet‐related toxins, suggesting that the loss of NR1I3 and related genes (NR1I2 and UGT1A6) resulted from relaxed selection pressure. This study illustrates the need of detailed phenotype studies to obtain a deeper understanding of factors underlying gene losses and to progress in understanding genomic causes of phenotypic variation in mammals.
Positive deviance

This case study shows how a powerful technique developed for improving nutrition in emerging countries was used to deliver quick performance improvements within existing resources in Hertfordshire County Council by harnessing knowledge already in the community. The article gives the background about how the positive deviance technique came to be, and how it is delivering significant solutions to social problems that had been seen as intractable. It describes how the approach has been used in organizations such as Merck and HP to optimize organizational knowledge and learning, and in a current initiative to reduce MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) infections in hospitals across the USA. Jane Lewis then demonstrates how learning from these exercises mirrored and informed the project at Hertfordshire and the results delivered, both in terms of culture change and improved performance. She reflects on the links between this approach and current thinking in the social sciences, and looks forward to new projects that are just beginning.
Ex vivo Study of Antimalarial Activity of Canarium Odontophyllum Leaf Extracts Against Plasmodium Berghei NK65

Background: Malaria is a parasite that is transmitted to human through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito. Every year human was exposed to the threat of malaria infection. This disease becomes more fatal as these parasites show resistance towards the drug available. Thus, searches for new antimalarial drug are crucial. This study was carried out to evaluate the antimalarial activity in Canarium odontophyllum leaf extracts (methanol, acetone and aqueous) against erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium berghei NK65 using Plasmodium Lactate Dehydrogenase (pLDH) Assay and SYBR green I fluorescence Assay. Method: Three types of solvents were used to extracts Canarium odontophyllum leaf according to increasing polarity index; acetone, methanol and aqueous. These extracts were made into eight-fold serial dilution; concentrations ranging from 0. 00001μg / ml as the lowest concentration until 100 μg / ml as the highest concentration and further tested on Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected erythrocytes via ex-vivo. The IC50 (inhibition concentration) 50 readings were taken at the point of 5% parasitemia level and in the synchronization process. Both PLDH assay and SYBR green I fluorescence assay were being carried out simultaneously. Result: The One-way ANOVA showed that there is no significant difference between extracts at 5% parasitemia level, even so methanol was further tested on synchronization process as it showed the lowest reading of IC50 among the three extracts for PLDH assay and SYBR green I fluorescence assay respectively, (IC50 0.00045μg / ml, 0.002 μg / ml). For synchronization stages, the One-way ANOVA result showed there is no significant difference between stages of morphology. However, methanol extracts showed the most potent on schizont, (1.16x10-5 μg / ml ) and young trophozoite, (0.00195 μg / ml ) stages for each method respectively. Conclusions: All three extracts of Canarium odontophyllum leaf were effective on Plasmodium berghei NK65, however methanol showed most promising results and further research on the fractions were required for proper drug development. The Ministry of Higher Learning funded this project, Government of Malaysia, under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme Code No. FRGS/2/2014/SG05/UKM/02/3.
Fuzzy Logic Based Traffic Balancing in a GSM Network

It is commonly accepted that the problem of network congestion control remains a critical issue and a high priority, especially given the growing size, demand, and speed of the increasingly integrated service networks. This is where the need for an intelligent multi criteria handoff algorithm becomes apparent. Efficient load balancing algorithm is important in serving more mobile stations in the wireless networks. This paper presents the design and implementation of a fuzzy multi-criteria handoff algorithm based on signal strength, path-loss and traffic load of base stations and the received signal to interference ratio as to balance traffic in all the neighboring sites at any time. This can be achieved by using Fuzzy Logic. The proposed algorithm can balance load of the base station by handing off some ongoing calls on cell edge in highly loaded cells to migrate to overlapping under-loaded cells, such that the coverage area of the loaded BTS virtually shrunk towards cell center of a loaded sector. In case of low load scenarios, the coverage area of a BTS is presumed to be virtually widened to cover up to the partial serving area of neighboring BTS. This helps a highly loaded neighboring BTS.
Fluorometric determination of ornidazole by using BSA coated copper nanoclusters as a novel turn off sensor

A fluorescent probe based on bovine serum albumin stabilized copper nanoclusters (BSA-CuNCs) was developed for the selective and sensitive determination of ornidazole (ORN). The nanoclusters were synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal process in basic media. The synthesized and characterized BSA-CuNCs have less than 3 nm particle size and exhibited blue emission at 405 nm when excited at 325 nm. Synthesized and characterized nanoclusters were successfully applied as a turn-off fluorescent probe for the determination of ORN in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The quenching mechanism created an was inner filter effect (IFE). The method was linear in the concentration range of 0.52–13.56 μg mL−1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) 0.01 μg mL−1. High recovery values (98.5%–102.42%) with low RSD% values (0.25%–2.73%) were obtained. The synthesized nanoclusters can be used as a turn-off probe for ORN determination with their selective, simple, rapid, and inexpensive properties.
Distinct Aging-Vulnerable and -Resilient Trajectories of Specific Motor Circuit Functions in Oxidation- and Temperature-Stressed Drosophila

Abstract In Drosophila, molecular pathways affecting longevity have been extensively studied. However, corresponding neurophysiological changes underlying aging-related functional and behavioral deteriorations remain to be fully explored. We examined different motor circuits in Drosophila across the life span and uncovered distinctive age-resilient and age-vulnerable trajectories in their established functional properties. In the giant fiber (GF) and downstream circuit elements responsible for the jump-and-flight escape reflex, we observed relatively mild deterioration toward the end of the life span. In contrast, more substantial age-dependent modifications were seen in the plasticity of GF afferent processing, specifically in use dependence and habituation properties. In addition, there were profound changes in different afferent circuits that drive flight motoneuron activities, including flight pattern generation and seizure spike discharges evoked by electroconvulsive stimulation. Importantly, in high-temperature (HT)-reared flies (29°C), the general trends in these age-dependent trajectories were largely maintained, albeit over a compressed time scale, lending support for the common practice of HT rearing for expediting Drosophila aging studies. We discovered that shortened life spans in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod) mutant flies were accompanied by altered aging trajectories in motor circuit properties distinct from those in HT-reared flies, highlighting differential effects of oxidative versus temperature stressors. This work helps to identify several age-vulnerable neurophysiological parameters that may serve as quantitative indicators for assessing genetic and environmental influences on aging progression in Drosophila.
Incompatible Deformations in Additively Fabricated Solids: Discrete and Continuous Approaches

The present paper is intended to show the close interrelationship between non-linear models of solids, produced with additive manufacturing, and models of solids with distributed defects. The common feature of these models is the incompatibility of local deformations. Meanwhile, in contrast with the conventional statement of the problems for solids with defects, the distribution for incompatible local deformations in additively created deformable body is not known a priori, and can be found from the solution of the specific evolutionary problem. The statement of the problem is related to the mechanical and physical peculiarities of the additive process. The specific character of incompatible deformations, evolved in additive manufactured solids, could be completely characterized within a differential-geometric approach by specific affine connection. This approach results in a global definition of the unstressed reference shape in non-Euclidean space. The paper is focused on such a formalism. One more common factor is the dataset which yields a full description of the response of a hyperelastic solid with distributed defects and a similar dataset for the additively manufactured one. In both cases, one can define a triple: elastic potential, gauged at stress-free state, and reference shape, and some specific field of incompatible relaxing distortion, related to the given stressed shape. Optionally, the last element of the triple may be replaced by some geometrical characteristics of the non-Euclidean reference shape, such as torsion, curvature, or, equivalently, as the density of defects. All the mentioned conformities are illustrated in the paper with a non-linear problem for a hyperelastic hollow ball.
A Hybrid Modulation Featuring Two-Phase Clamped Discontinuous PWM and Zero Voltage Switching for 99% Efficient DC-Type EV Charger

Two-stage AC-DC converters are considered as a prominent solution for DC-type electric vehicle (EV) chargers. However, this kind of architecture suffers from high switching losses with large heatsink and DC-link capacitor volume. To relieve this issue, this paper presents a new hybrid modulation for DC-type EV chargers, where a two-phase clamped discontinuous pulse-width-modulation (DPWM) in the front-end circuit is cooperated with the variable frequency triangular-current-mode (TCM) zero voltage switching (ZVS) or its simplified implementation, i.e., boundary-ZVS (B-ZVS) strategy, in the back-end circuit. The former can stop the switching actions in the front-end stage during two-thirds of the grid period, while the AC currents are at their highest values, which can yield to the best switching loss reduction and deliver high power factor operation. Besides, TCM-ZVS or B-ZVS modulations can achieve ZVS turn-on action for all semiconductors during all operating range in the DC-DC stage to further reduce the power losses on the semiconductors. With such characteristics, the proposed strategies can reduce the switching losses of the system to the best extent, and thus allow an enhancement of the system power density by improving the power conversion efficiency. The proposed strategy is described, analyzed, validated, and benchmarked in a 5 kW SMD SiC MOSFET-based two-stage AC-DC converter. A 99% power efficiency can be achieved with the solution implementing the TCM-ZVS strategy at an output voltage of 400 V and rated power.
Unsatisfied treatment needs of people with comorbid alcohol/drug use and gambling disorder

ABSTRACT Background People with comorbid alcohol/drug dependency and gambling disorder get worse results from treatment compared with patients with only one disorder. The treatment of individuals with comorbidities entails many difficulties because they receive the same treatment like everyone else despite studies showing that it is a heterogeneous group. This article identifies and discusses the unsatisfied treatment needs of people with comorbid alcohol/drug use and gambling disorder. Methods A qualitative perspective (individual interviews) was applied. Our sample comprised 65 respondents and included people with comorbidity of substance use (alcohol/drugs) and gambling disorders, and professionals who were employed in the treatment sector . Results Particular categories of need were identified, relating to dependence therapy, family relationships, and financial, legal and housing issues. The study did not engage with needs connected to counseling for employment problems, such as difficulties with finding or keeping a job or getting along with coworkers, but did identify other needs related to financial issues. Conclusions The unsatisfied treatment needs identified should be considered in designing therapeutic provision for people with comorbid alcohol/drug use and gambling disorder. This may trigger a greater acceptance of such provision and encourage individuals to seek treatment at earlier stage of dependence, as well as increase rates of retention in treatment.
Local Community Satisfaction toward Tourism Development in Pushkar Region of Rajasthan, India

Satisfaction of local residents is one of the key factors in responsible and sustainable tourism development. It helps tourism planners and policymakers in effective and strategic utilization of tourism resources. The present study investigates local residents’ satisfaction level toward sustainable tourism development through economic, socio-cultural, and environmental development. In order to achieve the goal of the study, one-sample t-test, regression analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were performed. The findings of the study have suggested that local residents have a different level of satisfaction towards overall sustainable development and economic, socio-cultural, and environmental development in the study area. It was also observed that there is a high positive correlation among economic, socio-cultural, and environmental developments, and these developments significantly impact sustainable tourism development.
The Effect of School Principals’ Ethical Leadership on Teacher Job Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of School Ethical Climate

This study aims to examine the mediating role of ethical climate in the relationship between ethical leadership and job satisfaction. A cross-sectional survey was conducted for the study. Questionnaires were distributed to 641 teachers in Turkey. Regression analysis was conducted to determine the mediating effect of ethical climate. Bootstrapping tehchnique was used to test the hypotheses and the effects of mediation. Our results show that there is a positive relationship between principals' ethical leadership and teachers' job satisfaction and a positive relationship between ethical leadership and ethical climate. In addition, ethical climate partially mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and job satisfaction. Schools should focus on ethical leadership practices in the workplace. The study enriched the understanding of the factors that influence the relationship between ethical leadership, ethical climate and job satisfaction.
Impact of Protean Career Attitudes on Career Outcomes via Job Crafting Behavior: A Serial Mediation Model

The protean career attitude (PCA) is an emerging proactive career attitude and an essential source for successful career development. However, to do so, the individuals also must employ proactive career behaviors at work to achieve desired career outcomes. The study proposes that the individuals with protean career attitudes employ best work practices through job crafting behaviors and attain desired career outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of protean career attitudes on career outcomes, i.e., Perceived Employability (PE) and Subjective Career Success (SCS) through job crafting behavior. The data from the employees working in the universities of Pakistan revealed that PCA has a positive impact on individual career outcomes. It was also found that there exists a pathway of serial mediation from job crafting towards perceived employability to achieve career success. The individuals who craft their jobs are more likely to enhance their employability, ultimately leading to career success. The study highlights the importance of PCA and Job Crafting behaviors, yet un-explored phenomena, for the employees for career development.
numerical Techniques in Biomolecule Design and Systems Biology

To design an effective drug or a biochemically-based sensor, it is necessary to develop ligand molecules that bind readily and selectively to receptors of interest. Electrostatic forces play an important role in the design of ligands, but the complicated three-dimensional geometry of the problem makes it difficult to assess the electrostatic fields and then optimize the ligand. We have been developing fast methods for electrostatic analysis, and have been focussed on three aspects.
TOWARDS A PARADIGM FOR INTER-ORGANIZATION E-COLLABORATION: COLLABORATIVE BUSINESS

As the adoption of information technologies, especially the Internet technologies, there is an increasing interest on inter-organization collaboration in e-business. The ‘collaboration’s in the existing literatures often mean different. These diverse views make it difficult to understand what the collaboration is and to know what have been achieved and what still needs to be done. The paradigm of e-Collaboration has yet to be established. This paper provides a framework for Inter-organization e-Collaboration. The framework identifies the heart of e-Collaboration — joint intellectual efforts, which has seldom been explored by existing studies. Moreover, existing relevant literatures are organized and are analysed using the framework and future research directions are indicated based on the analysis.
Influences on pedestrian bi-directional route within exhibition spaces

Besides signage, other physical cues exist which appear to influence pedestrian bidirectional choice. This research hypothesizes that deflection of cues within an interior exhibit setting can directly influence visitor navigation. The implications are that some exhibits are viewed while others are ignored and more importantly the visitors’ overall experience and education are affected. A study, conducted on adult participants, was used to determine the affect of physical cues on directional choice. Observation of bi-directional route preference with cues of varying angle degrees was conducted. Additionally, a survey was performed to determine visitor perception of wall panels and their effect on navigational choice. The analysis from the methodology was used to reveal the influence of these angled walls on pedestrian route. Results from this study illustrate how visitors respond to spatial cues and how exhibit spaces can be designed to influence pedestrian behavior.