Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SOCIAL MEDIA GRATIFICATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL PLANNING: THE USE OF THE REPERTORY TEST METHOD

The purpose of this manuscript is to report the findings of an exploratory investigation into social media gratifications in the context of international travel planning. Underpinned by Personal Construct Theory as well as Uses and Gratifications Theory, an exploratory approach was used. The findings from a content analysis of published studies (N = 101) and from personal interviews with consumers in Australia (N = 20) using the Repertory Test technique, were triangulated to identify 19 salient attributes of social media in the context of international travel planning. Since user-generated content on social media is an influential organic image formation agent, and is now more volumous than the marketing communications of the travel industry, an important current issue is thinking about how destination marketing organisations can better take advantage of this medium. This study provides new insights into the range of salient travel planning attributes of social media. It is suggested that these findings could be used by destination marketing organisations (DMO) to assist stakeholders with social media promotions.
Performance Evaluation of Batch Pulp Digester using By-product (Sheath) from Bamboo Laminate Production

Paper is a natural product manufactured from various materials such as straws, cotton, hemp, jute, bagasse and, most commonly, wood. The paper products are widely used across various fields. As reported by Wayman (1973), the total pulp, paper, and paperboard production in Nigeria in 2007 was estimated to be 0.019 million metric tons. The quantitative need of pulpwood for papermaking is expected to increase to approximately 2,719,900 m before the end of 2020 (Olorunnisola, 2013). Therefore, to supplement pulpwood fibers, attempts are being undertaken to find other sources of high-grade fibers for paper production. Pulp can be produced through delignification of cellulose-containing plants. This process can be achieved by utilizing mechanical methods, in which fibers are shredded apart through attrition; chemical processes, in which the lignin bound to the fibers is completely dissolved by cooking the woodchips in suitable chemicals; or combination of both mechanical and chemical processes (Abreu, 2000). The foremost method used in pulp mills is the chemical pulping, which involves the pressure cooking of a mixture of woodchips and chemicals in a specialized reactor called a pulp digester. The quantity and quality of pulp fibers produced in a digester significantly depend on factors such as cooking temperature, pulping pressure, chemical concentration, and cooking time, all of which affect the penetration and diffusion of the pulping chemicals into the interior of the pulp material This chemical pulping method can either be carried out under acidic condition (sulfite pulping) or alkaline condition (sulfate or Kraft pulping) (Chandra, 1998). Although wood is still the major source of fiber in pulp and paper industries, efforts have been undertaken to Performance Evaluation of Batch Pulp Digester using By-product (Sheath) from Bamboo Laminate Production
Social Representations about Reputation as the Company's Social Capital

This research work covers issues related to social representations of reputation and the main principals of foundation the reputation. The study involved 479 people. The objective of our research is to study the socio-psychological representations of reputation in the context of the organizational culture of International Company, to develop the tools for managing the company's reputation in Russia. The study used the following tools: Questionnaire, Sacks sentence completion test by Sacks and Levy. A meaningful and statistical analysis of the results based on the method "Unfinished sentences" allows us to formulate several statements. We found practical confirmation that the representation of reputation is perceived as honesty, credibility, openness, reliability, quality of products and services that is the core of company social capital. All the above is a confirmation of the existence of a strong internal corporate reputation management that studies the specifics of building reputation and creating positive social representations about the company. The results enabled us to create a classification of people based on differences in perception of the reputation phenomenon, different situations, objects and basic functions of reputation. Keywords— reputation, social representation of reputation.component.
Essays on the Expansion of Higher Education

VOLHA BELSKAYA: Essays on the Expansion of Higher Education. (Under the direction of Klara S. Peter) Over the past twenty years, many developing countries expanded their higher education in order to become more competitive on international markets in future. The largest developing countries, Brazil, India, and Russia, tripled the number of college students per 100,000, and China increased the number of students twelve-fold. This expansion led to the influx of college graduates into the labor market, which had to adjust to the increase in the supply of educated workers. Existing literature shows how the adjustments associated with college expansion happen but many questions remain unanswered. This dissertation evaluates the expansion of higher education in Russia and the effect of expansion on Russian labor market. The dissertation focuses on two features of the expansion. First, college expansion is usually associated with an increasing participation of women in college education. When the share of educated female workers grows faster than the share of educated male workers, the gender gap in higher education narrows. Between 1990 and 2008, the number of female students in higher education in Russia tripled from 1.4 to 4.3 million and the share of female students rose from 50 to 58 percent. The first chapter estimates education externalities created by the educated men and women in the labor markets and evaluates whether the faster growth of college participation among women affects the gender wage gap through education externalities. Second, during the expansion many new campuses open, providing the access to college to individuals who were previously constrained. The second chapter co-authored with Klara S. Peter and Christian M. Posso evaluates whether the expansion of higher education is economically worthwhile based on a recent surge in the number of campuses and college graduates in Russia. The empirical strategy relies on the marginal treatment effect method in both normal and semi-parametric versions, and estimating policy-influenced treatment parameters for the marginal students who are
Full occlusion handling for pedestrian tracking via hybrid system

Occlusion and lack of visibility even in sparse crowd scenes make it difficult to track individual pedestrians correctly and consistently, particularly in a single view. We present a novel pedestrian tracking approach that connects tracking with reidentification to locate and maintain the identity of certain people who may be occluded for a long time. First, two models are constructed. One model tracks the pedestrian and trains a classifier, while the other model reidentifies the pedestrian of interest from detection results with the trained classifier. Secondly, we design a set of transition rules for model switching. Finally, the two models work alternatively based on the principle of a hybrid system to track the pedestrian. Several typical sets of experiments show that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches and achieves robust pedestrian tracking in the presence of full occlusion.
Are schools educating toward active citizenship? The internal school struggle between contradictory citizenship models

This article investigates the phenomenology of Social Education Coordinators in Israeli high schools regarding school’s civic education. Twenty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted, followed by a two-stage coding process. The Social Education Coordinators indicate that their schools seem to be unified behind the goal of maximal citizenship. However, their unique position as agents of non-formal pedagogies gains them insight into the role of pedagogy in advancing various citizenship models and the struggle in schools between opposing pedagogies and citizenship models. Formal pedagogies are understood to be incoherent; they speak of maximal citizenship, however, habituate minimal citizenship. Informal pedagogies are understood to be coherent, to both speak and habituate maximal citizenship. From the Social Education Coordinators’ perspective, their attempt to insert meaningful informal pedagogies and true maximal citizenship is subversive and a show of agency. They perceive themselves as still weak but significant players in providing students with ‘voice’ in the public sphere. This analysis may advance our understanding of schools as arenas of incoherency and contradictions, of simultaneously pushing toward contradictory civic education ideals; it may highlight the civic significance of pedagogy choice and raise the issue of cultivating informal civic education pedagogies as a basic student right, a democratic right to cultivate ‘voice’.
The Influence of an Abstinence-Only Intervention on the Risk Behaviors of Urban Middle-School Students

In this dissertation, findings on the factors that influence risk-avoidance behaviors among Hispanic and African American middle-school students are presented. The findings were based on a randomized study in which middle-school students were randomly assigned to receive either an abstinence-only curriculum or a comprehensive health curriculum. Initial findings suggest that middle-school students and their attitudes toward sexual activity were closely associated with their relationships with both their parents and peers. The pivotal indicator for student engagement research indicated that the higher the level of engagement between teen and parent, the more likely the teen is to follow the interventions. Should the parent reinforce the school’s intervention (i.e., abstinence-only programing) and show support for the child’s education, the more likely the student was to follow the intervention. Conversely, without engagement between parent and teen, school interventions are less likely to be effective. The key element appears to be a supportive home environment for teens to maintain abstinence in middle school. Research outcomes will aid administrators and school personnel in policy decisions and programming for at-risk students. Research will add to the growing body of evidence, which suggests that abstinence-only interventions are effective within certain parameters but that challenges still exist. Key Terms: Urban, Middle-school, Abstinence-only intervention, Comprehensive health curriculums, Risk factors, Parent, Peer ABSTINENCE INTERVENTION AND RISK BEHAVIOR 3
Submicron aerosol filtration performance of centrifugally spun nanofibrous polyvinylpyrrolidone media

In this study, polyvinylpyrrolidone-based nanofibrous air filter media were produced via centrifugal spinning and subsequently stabilized by thermal cross-linking process. Samples were produced using solutions with three different polymer concentrations (5, 10 and 20 wt.%) and three different rotational speeds (4000, 6000 and 8000 r/min). After obtaining the optimum web structure with the lowest average fiber diameter and the most uniform distribution, the webs were later thermally cross-linked in order to stabilize polyvinylpyrrolidone against the degradative effects of water. In addition, the webs were subjected to dissolvability tests to see the efficacy of cross-linking treatment. Morphological, structural and chemical characterizations of the polyvinylpyrrolidone webs were performed by SEM, XRD and FTIR, respectively. Finally, filter efficiency and pressure drop were measured to assess filter performance. The results have shown that the lowest average fiber diameter is obtained at the highest rotational speeds. Subsequent thermal cross-linking treatment has been found to prevent fibers from dissolving in water. The produced water-resistant, environmentally friendly polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibrous filter media has had a satisfactory filtration performance with a high filter efficiency of 99.995% and a high quality factor of 0.39 mm H2O−1.
The level of compliance with the Italian Legislative Decree No. 254/2016 and its determinants: Insights from Italy

The present research explores non-financial mandatory disclosure in Italy in light of the recent Italian Legislative Decree No. 254/2016, which transposes the Directive 2014/95/EU on "the disclosure of non-financial and diversity information". The study pursues a twofold aim: first, it seeks to measure the level of compliance of non-financial information (NFI) with non-financial mandatory disclosure; and second, it seeks to identify which determinants favor higher compliance levels in the first year of the regulatory adequacy. To these ends, the study examines the non-financial 2017 statements of 50 listed Italian companies to test by means of a NFI Disclosure Score three determinants that could explain the level of compliance. The NFI Disclosure Score was set at 52.58%. Moreover, findings suggest that the type of reporting channels (stand-alone report or disclosure included in the Annual Report), the Guidelines Reporting Initiative (GRI) options chosen by the companies, and the presence of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Committee within the board all affect compliance levels. This study is one of the first research conducted on mandatory NFI disclosure providing indications for regulators and companies on how to improve NFI disclosure.
Secure performance analysis and detection of pilot attack in massive multiple-input multiple-output system

This article studies the physical layer security of massive multiple-input multiple-output system in time-division-duplex mode. Specifically, a single-cell downlink massive multiple-input multiple-output communication system is considered. The resulting achievable secrecy rate is investigated in the presence of passive or active eavesdroppers. The analytical results reveal that the massive multiple-input multiple-output system is naturally immune to passive eavesdroppers, but will be dramatically degraded by active attack. On account of the risk caused by active attack, a simple and effective detection algorithm is proposed. Uplink pilots with random phases are transmitted during the detection operation. By comparing the phase deviation change of the received pilot signals’ cross product, the active eavesdroppers can be detected exactly. The closed-form expressions for probabilities of detection, false alarm, and false rejection are obtained respectively, which can demonstrate the robust performance of the proposed detection scheme. To maximize the secrecy energy efficiency of the system, the optimal power allocation strategy is studied under total power constraints. This optimization problem is efficiently solved by fractional programming. Numerical simulation results are derived to validate the secrecy performance of the massive multiple-input multiple-output system, the active pilot attacker detection performance, and the energy efficiency optimization effect.
Heuristic Scale to Estimate Premature Malaria Parasites: Scope in Microscopic Blood Smear Images

Objective: Malaria is one of the epidemic diseases and early detection of malaria symptoms in the patients using the current manual procedures are skeptical, as the diagnosis patterns depends more on the experience of professionals. To overcome the challenges, in this paper we are proposing computer aided model to support in malaria detection at early stages using Microscopic Blood Smear Images analysis using machine learning. Methods/Statistical Analysis: There are many computer aided models that were proposed and adapted in the process of addressing the diagnosis models. Some models like machine learning, image processing, neural network based solutions etc are adapted, which reflects more insights into the process. However, the issue of gaps in accuracy still persists, and the proposed model of Heuristic Scale to Estimate Premature Malaria Parasites Scope (SEMPS) with multi stage processing of the microscopic images of blood smear is processed. Findings: The proposed model is compared with the benchmark models like SVM and Bayesian, the outcome in terms of efficiency of the model is imperative from the results. The proposed model has resulted in more effective and accurate detection of malaria symptoms in the test cases, and the result accuracy is higher than the other two benchmarking models of SVM and Bayesian techniques chosen for comparative analysis. Improvements: The computational complexity of the SEMPS is evinced as linear, where the majority of benchmarking models are found to be up-hard.
Involving stakeholders in university hospital performance reporting: The state of the art in Italy

University hospitals (UHs) need to pay attention to diverse stakeholders’ interests when reporting their performance information, to meet different knowledge expectations concerning the activities they have performed and the outcomes they have achieved. In the existing literature, the level of consideration of UH performance reports reserve for a broad variety of stakeholders interested in UH outcomes, each with different information needs, has not been analyzed. To contribute to fill this gap, this study offers an empirical examination of the Italian experience by investigating whether and to what extent all the thirty-two public university hospital authorities (UHAs) involve stakeholders in their annual performance reports (APRs). First, sixteen key stakeholder groups with an interest in the performance reporting of UHAs were mapped, and the related accountability relationships were described. Subsequently, the APRs for 2017 were examined by employing the content analysis method and common descriptive statistics. Findings reveal that only one UHA involved all sixteen stakeholder groups in its performance report; sixteen UHAs involved at least ten stakeholder groups; and the remainder showed a weak, scarce or even absent involvement for stakeholders. Moreover, it emerged that three stakeholder groups were singled out for greater attention in UHA performance reports (patients, managers and regional government) over others. Involving stakeholders in performance reports needs to be encouraged, as it is an essential prerequisite for developing suitable integrated performance reporting systems. Key words: University hospitals, stakeholder involvement, performance reporting, stakeholder relationships, integrated reporting, public healthcare, accountability, performance management.
Post-traumatic Growth Among Domestic Violence Survivors: A Systematic Review

Abstract Violence is an abusive behavior which includes any form of physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse, or neglect. Indonesia's National Commission on Violence against Women, reports that most violence is experienced by women. A majority of the violence occurs within the household domains, otherwise known as domestic violence. Both community and individual violence will result in the experience of trauma in its victims. Nevertheless, trauma caused by violence varies depending on the case and the proximity of the perpetrator to the victim. Many studies have attempted to explore the struggle experienced by victims of violence even although there are very little cases which specifically research cases of domestic violence. This review aims to examine how past empirical studies explain the struggles experienced by victims of violence, the strategy used in addressing their traumatic conditions, and the factors that contribute to a positive change. Posttraumatic Growth. Empirical studies in this review n = 25 which include sources from Psyche, Ebsco, Dissertation unpublish, etc. Indicates that there are several variables that contribute to the positive change process in individuals experiencing violent cases. Among them are social support, self-disclosure, and coping. Keywords : Posttraumatic growth, violence survivor, domestic violence.
All 3D‐Printed Superhydrophobic/Oleophilic Membrane for Robotic Oil Recycling

Advanced materials with high oil recycling capability plays a crucial role in rescuing marine lives from oil spill catastrophe. The existing absorption and filtration method can partially solve the challenge; however, a highly recyclable, low energy cost, and environmentally friendly method for collecting oil on open water is still missing. Herein, a novel concept, using newly developed membrane for collecting oil, with surface tension confinement and gravity is proposed. Using a 3D‐printed superhydrophobic and oleophilic membrane, this self‐floating device can selectively collect oil on water surfaces. The device can be automatically driven by a robot and achieves outstanding reusability toward oil recycling. This novel chemical concept will enable future research development of oil–water separation and oil recycling.
Tuning cell structure and expansion ratio of thick-walled biodegradable poly(lactic acid) foams prepared using supercritical CO2

Thick-walled poly(lactic acid) samples are foamed using supercritical carbon dioxide as physical foaming agent over a wide saturation time range using a constant-temperature mode and a wide foaming pressure range using the constant-temperature mode and a varying-temperature mode. Using the constant-temperature mode, three regions with no-celled core and two regions with cells of different diameters appear on the fractured surfaces of the foamed samples prepared at 5 and 10 min saturation times, respectively, whereas a relatively uniform cellular structure is obtained at 20–180 min saturation times. Raising the foaming pressure can improve the cellular structure uniformity. Moreover, prolonging saturation time or raising foaming pressure results in rupture of more cell walls and so formation of open-celled structure to a certain extent. Using the varying-temperature mode, a bimodal cellular structure with stamen-like cells and a trimodal cellular structure with an extraordinarily high expansion ratio (76.2) are successively achieved during raising the foaming pressure (18–22 MPa). The formation mechanisms for the bimodal and trimodal cellular structures are analyzed based on the result of the foaming pressure effect on the cellular structure in the foamed poly(lactic acid) samples prepared using the constant-temperature mode.
Analysis of Indus Delta Groundwater and Surface water Suitability for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes

The present study was conducted to analyze the suitability of groundwater and surface water of the Indus Delta, Pakistan for domestic and irrigation purposes based on the concentrations of arsenic (As), total dissolved solids (TDS), and chloride (Cl). Around 180 georeferenced groundwater and 50 surface water samples randomly collected were analyzed and mapped spatially using ArcGIS 10.5 software. The results were compared with their respective WHO and FAO guidelines. The analysis revealed that as in groundwater and surface water samples ranged up to 200, and 25 µg/L respectively. Similarly, the TDS in the groundwater and surface water ranged from 203 to 17, 664 mg/L and 378 to 38,272 mg/L respectively. The Cl in groundwater and surface water varied between 131 and 6,275 mg/L and 440 to 17,406 mg/L respectively. Overall, about 18%, 87% and 94% of the groundwater, and 10%, 92% and 56% of the surface waters possessed higher concentrations of As, TDS, and Cl, respectively. The higher levels of Cl in the samples are attributed to subsurface seawater intrusion in the delta. Analysis results and GIS mapping of water quality parameters revealed that in most of the delta, the quality of water was not suitable for drinking and agricultural purposes, thus should be properly treated before its use.