Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Application of Logistic Model in COVID-19

COVID-19 began to break out in China in early 2020, characterized by rapid transmission and a high fatality rate. In the face of the outbreak, it is particularly important and urgent to predict the number of infections in each region. Even now, some countries are still in the early stages of an outbreak. The existing traditional mechanistic models such as SIR have a high demand for data. For example, parameters such as exit rate need a large number of data to ensure the accuracy of the model; otherwise, the prediction effect is poor, while the models or algorithms related to artificial intelligence have a higher demand for data. Moreover, both of them have a large amount of work to solve, which has poor effect on the prediction of early epidemic prevention and control. The problem of epidemic situation prediction in the absence of data urgently needs to be solved. After data preprocessing, this paper used the Logistic model (the growth retardation model) to predict the number of infections of China. Meanwhile, error analysis and stability analysis were carried out, and the data of Italy were used for checking the universality of the model. The results show that the Logistic model is easy to be solved, has good stability and accuracy, and is suitable for early prediction of COVID-19.
Reproducible reflection high energy electron diffraction signatures for improvement of AlN using in situ growth regime characterization

Recently published methods that answer the previously unresolved critical issue of in situ growth regime determination during molecular beam epitaxy of AlN are used to address issues of material quality and intergrowth nonuniformity for improved repeatability using a modulated flux technique. A shutter modulation growth technique, defined as metal modulation epitaxy (MME), using the previously published reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) signatures was developed with the goal of obtaining materials with the properties of droplet regime materials, without the adverse effect of droplets. The films grown using MME were compared to films grown with no shutter modulation, and the surface roughness determined by atomic force microscopy was improved. For an unmodulated sample without droplets, the rms surface roughness was 6.9nm, while a sample with droplets had a rms surface roughness of 1.2nm. For the same Al flux that resulted in droplets with the unmodulated sample, the MME sample had no dro.
Lung Pathology in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with the Novel SARS-Cov-2 Virus

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a well-recognized clinical problem first described in the late sixties However, its relevance seems to have increased since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) outbreak, as 14% (CI 95% 2% to 59%) of patients admitted to the hospital present with this syndrome Conceptually, a syndrome is a group of symptoms and signs that correspond to several diseases Although defining disease is much harder than may appear at first glance, we can view it as the association between a syndrome and a pathology pattern Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is the morphological hallmark of ARDS, although studies performed in autopsies and patients have demonstrated that it is present in only half of ARDS patients The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and the high incidence of ARDS associated with this infection have triggered a natural question: is the lung pathology similar in patients with ARDS associated with traditional risk factors than to SARS-CoV-2 infection? This review aims to analyze the lung pathology results of patients infected with the novel SARS-Cov-2 As this article targets non-intensive care physicians, we will first describe the main characteristics of the novel SARS-Cov-2 and the ARDS definition, and then the lung pathology results from the UCI in this group of patients
Applications of Latin American Consciousness-Raising Strategies for Community College Service Learning Programs

The purpose of this study was to suggest post-colonialist programmatic considerations for the implementation of service learning programs that empower LatinX students. The researcher interviewed LatinX student participants in a Northwest community college service learning program to discover any shared themes between social justice testimonios and the service learning experiences. A model was adapted for the development of critical consciousness through social justice service projects that promote LatinX student empowerment.
Photopolymerization of Vinyl Acrylate Studied by PhotoDSC

Polymerization of neat vinyl acrylate (VA) photoinitiated by phosphine oxide initiator in a nitrogen atmosphere was studied by photo differential scanning calorimetry (photoDSC). The study revealed a new phenomenon in fast free-radical polymerization: spontaneous temporary cessation of heat release (i.e., temporary termination of the polymerization) or temporary reduction of the polymerization rate. Such a phenomenon, named “stumbling polymerization”, includes a fast initial photopolymerization of VA up to a monomer conversion of ξ ≈ 10%, with the first maximum rate of polymerization achieved not later than at 3 s after the beginning of irradiation under our experimental conditions; a temporary cessation of polymerization; and a resumed photopolymerization up to ξ ≈ 100%. Experiments on photopolymerization of neat VA without a photoinitiator allowed us to obtain the ratio of the termination rate coefficient (2kt) to the propagation rate coefficient (kp); 2kt/kp decreased from ∼300 at the beginning of pol.
Rheological and morphological properties of reactively compatibilized thermoplastic olefin (TPO) blendsa)

Thermoplastic olefin blends of polypropylene (PP) and ethylene octene copolymers (EC) were reactively compatibilized by means of functional reactive compounds capable of forming copolymers at the interface. For this purpose, amine functional groups were first incorporated into a PP in a solution reaction. The aminated PP was then used as the reactive compatibilizer during melt mixing. Linear viscoelasticmeasurements showed that the compatibilized blends feature the characteristics of materials in the sol–gel transition, with a power-law behavior for the dynamic moduli at low frequencies. The gel-like behavior was more pronounced in the blend with a high level of compatibilizer (10 wt. %). At high frequencies, however, the dynamic properties of all the blends investigated (compatibilized and noncompatibilized) were identical, suggesting that the bulk properties of the blends were not changed by the reactive compatibilization. The presence of a network structure was also confirmed by microscopic observations. A large transient viscosity with a significant and broad overshoot was observed for the compatibilized blends at low shear rate. In addition, the stress of the compatibilized blends relaxed over a much longer time as compared to the noncompatibilized system. The ability of different linear viscoelastic models in predicting the linear viscoelastic behavior of the compatibilized blends was also examined.
Fabrication of a carbon nanotube-embedded silicon nitride membrane for studies of nanometer-scale mass transport

Membranes consisting of multiwall carbon nanotubes embedded in a silicon nitride matrix were fabricated for fluid mechanics studies on the nanometer scale. Characterization by tracer diffusion and scanning electron microscopy suggests that the membrane is free of large voids. An upper limit to the diffusive flux of D2O of 2.4 × 10-8 mol/m2 s was determined, indicating extremely slow transport through the membranes. By contrast, hydrodynamic calculations of water flow across a nanotube membrane of similar specifications predict a much higher molar flux of 1.91 mol/m2 s, suggesting that the nanotubes used in the membrane have a “bamboo” morphology. The carbon nanotube membranes were then used to make nanoporous silicon nitride membranes, which were fabricated by sacrificial removal of the carbon. Nitrogen flow measurements on these structures give a membrane permeance of 4.7 × 10-4 mol/m2 s Pa at a pore density of 4 × 1010 cm-2. Using a Knudsen diffusion model, the average pore size of this membrane is esti.
Dataflow and microarchitecture co-optimisation for sparse CNN on distributed processing element accelerator

: Accelerators that utilise the sparsity of both activation data and network structure of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated efficient processing of CNNs with superior performance. Previous research studies have shown three critical design concerns when designing accelerators for sparse CNNs, including data reuse, parallel computing performance, and effective sparse computation. These factors were each used in the previous accelerator designs, but none of the designs have considered all the factors at the same time. This study provides analytical approaches and experimental results to reveal the insight of accelerator design for sparse CNNs. The authors have shown that the architectural aspects need to be all considered to avoid performance pitfalls, including their mutual effects. Based on the proposed analytical approach, they proposed enhancement techniques and co-designed among the factors discussed in this study. The improved architecture shows up to 1.5× data reuse and/or 1.55× performance improvement in comparison with state-of-the-art sparse CNN accelerators while still maintaining equal area and energy cost.
In Silico Analysis of the Effects of Amino Acid Substitution in Kiss 1 Receptor

The regulatory role of kisspeptin and its receptor, G protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) on reproductive processes is well documented. The main objective of this study is to determine the effects of non synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in kiss 1 receptor gene of sheep (F 195 L). The amino acid sequence (>HM135393) was retrieved from the data bank of National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, db SNP). Analysis using panther indicated the damaging effects of substitution of Phenylalanine with Leucine at position 195 of the amino acid sequence of Kisspeptin. Effects of single nucleotide polymorphism was also predicted to be deleterious by Provean software. The study provide useful information on the potential role of Kiss 1 receptor gene in regulating reproductive traits in sheep. Findings of this research highlights the role of GPR54 as an efficient genetic marker for improving reproductive performance of farm animals.
Hemostatic effects of kyukikyogaito in dienogest treatment

Purpose of Investigation: A frequent side effect of treatment with dienogest (DNG) is irregular bleeding. The present study investigated the benefits of adding traditional Japanese Kampo medicine (kyukikyogaito), which has known hemostatic effects, on DNG treatment. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study assessed the occurrence of irregular bleeding in 175 patients following oral administration of DNG (2 mg/day) for three months or more. The authors also investigated the clinical hemostatic effects of kyukikyogaito (TJ-77; 9.0 g/day) administered for 30 days in patients with irregular bleeding. Results: The frequency of irregular bleeding in patients who received DNG was 80.0%. The continuation rates for DNG treatment were 62.3% in the DNG alone group and 85.0% in the DNG plus kyukikyogaito group (p = 0.016). The efficacy of kyukikyogaito among patients with irregular bleeding was 82.6%. Conclusion: Administration of kyukikyogaito, which includes Artemisia leaf and donkey glue, was effective and could improve the continuation rate for DNG treatment by reducing irregular bleeding.
Predicting Build Orientation of Additively Manufactured Parts With Mechanical Machining Features Using Deep Learning

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a revolutionary development that is being viewed as a core technology for fabricating current and future engineered products. While AM has many advantages over subtractive manufacturing processes, one of the primary limitations of AM is to swiftly evaluate precise part build orientations. Current algorithms are either computationally expensive or provide multiple alternative orientations, requiring additional decision tradeoffs. To hasten the process of finding accurate part build orientation, a data-driven predictive model is introduced by mapping standard machining features to build orientation angles. A combinatory learning algorithm of classification and regression is utilized for the prediction of build orientation. The framework uses 54,000 voxelized standard tessellated language (STL) files as input to train the classification algorithm for eighteen standard machining features using a nine-layer 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Additionally, a multi-machining feature dataset of 1000 voxelized STL files are evaluated in parallel by performing quaternion rotations to obtain build orientation angles based on minimization of support structure volume. A regression model is then developed to establish a relationship between the machining features and orientation angles to predict optimal build orientation for new parts.
Ru(II)- and Ir(I) Catalyzed Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation of Hydroxamic Acids and their Subsequent Hetero Diels-Alder Cycloadditions with Chiral N-Dienyl Lactams

Abstract: Asymmetric hetero Diels-Alder (HDA) reaction of highly reactive acyl nitroso intermediates are reported. Transient acyl nitroso compounds 2a’ - c’ are formed by Ru(II)- or Ir(I)-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide oxidation of hydroxamic acids 2a - c and are trapped in situ by the optically pure N -dienyl-L-pyroglutamates 1a - b to afford the corresponding diastereomeric adducts 3a - f and 4a - f up to 98% yield (70% de) and 72% de (70% yield) with complete regioselectivity at 0 ˚C to room temperature. Keywords: Nitroso intermediate, hydrogen peroxide, ruthenium catalyst, iridium catalyst, hetero Diels-Alder reaction, 1, 2-oxazine. INTRODUCTION The asymmetric hetero Diels-Alder (HDA) reaction is an effective transformation, permitting rapid and stereoselective access to the multifunctionalized organic molecules and often represents a pivotal reaction step in the total synthesis of natural products. Thus, pyrrolidine derivatives, amino alcohols and aza sugars are easily available from HDA reactions [1]. In principle, asymmetric HDA reaction can be achieved, either with a chiral diene, with a chiral dienophile or with a chiral Lewis acid catalyst. In the case of acyl nitroso dienophiles, the HDA cycloaddition was resistant to asymmetric catalysis [2] and this happened because of high reactivity of the nitroso moiety, as recently demonstrated by time-resolved IR spectroscopy [3].
Minimization of Homopolymer Formation and Control of Dispersity in Free Radical Induced Graft Polymerization Using Xanthate Derived Macro-photoinitiators†

Several macro-photoinitiators of different composition and molecular weights were prepared by the copolymerization of a photosensitive monomer, S-methacryloyl O-ethyl xanthate (MAX), using MMA or styrene as the comonomers. These macro-photoinitiators were used for the controlled grafting of monomers such as MMA and styrene under various experimental conditions using 350 nm irradiation. The graft yields and the molecular weights of the graft copolymers increased with increase in irradiation time. Similarly, the molecular weights of the graft copolymers increased with increase in mole percentage of the xanthate chromophores in the macroinitiators. The polydispersities of the graft copolymers remained below 1.5, which is the theoretical limiting value for free radical induced polymerization reactions, except in the case of graft polymers obtained after prolonged irradiation. Noticeably, the formation of homopolymers could be suppressed, which is a great advantage of the present approach. The control over homopolymerization and polydispersities has been explained on the basis of the distinctly different reactivities of the free radicals generated by the macroinitiator. The macroradicals generated are mainly responsible for initiating the grafting of monomers whereas the less reactive thiocarbonylthiyl radicals are primarily involved in the termination of the graft chains, thereby preventing the homopolymer formation to a large extent. Thus, the use of xanthate-derived macro-photoinitiators is a simple and easy method for the synthesis of narrow dispersed graft copolymers, which are less contaminated with homopolymers.
Retention of Iodide by Bacteriogenic Iron Oxides

This study was performed to determine the ability of wetland bacteriogenic iron oxides (BIOS) to immobilize iodide in contaminated groundwater systems near Chalk River, Canada. The sorption of iodide onto synthetic hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) and BIOS was investigated using an autotitrator and an I− ion-selective electrode to generate high-resolution anion sorption data over a pH range of 2.5 to 9. The effect of strontium sorption in the presence of I− was also investigated to determine its effect on iodide retention as it is also a common contaminant near Chalk River. Both HFO and BIOS correspond to 2-line ferrihydrite with surface areas of 227.7 m2 g−1 and 92.52 m2 g−1, respectively. Sorption of I− was found to be pH dependent for both HFO and BIOS and was most strongly immobilized at pH 2.5. The pH at which 50% of the I− was bound to HFO occurred at pH 4.0, whereas BIOS maintained 50% sorption to pH 9. Field data also indicated a 54% decrease for iodine and 75% for 129I in waters passing over in-situ BIOS at circumneutral pH. Iodide sorption to HFO is best explained by homogeneous functional groups, whereas sorption of I− to BIOS is best explained by heterogeneous functional groups, due to the presence of bacterial functional groups with pKa values that extend to 9.0. The presence of Sr2+ decreased iodide sorption on HFO by 10–20%, but had no effect on BIOS due to its surface functional groups being reactive over the pH range investigated in this study. These results imply that BIOS is a useful sorbent for natural retention of I− from groundwater and that the amount of organic material present in iron oxides is an important factor when considering remediation strategies for radionuclides in groundwater.
Copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate with alkyl acrylate monomers

A newer approach to obtaining acrylic thermoset polymers with adequate hydrophilicity required for various specific end uses is reported. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was copolymerized with n-butyl acrylate (n-BA), isobutyl acrylate (i-BA), and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) in bulk at 60°C. with benzoyl peroxide as free radical initiator. The copolymer composition was determined from the estimation of epoxy group. Reactivity ratios were calculated by the Yezrielev, Brokhina, and Roskin method. For copolymerization of GMA (M1) with n-BA (M2) the reactivity ratios were r1 = 2.15 ± 0.14, r2 = 0.12 ± 0.03; with i-BA (M2) they were r1 = 1.27 ± 0.06, r2 = 0.33 ± 0.031; and with 2-EHA (M2) they were r1 = 2.32 ± 0.14, r2 = 0.13 ± 0.009. The reactivity ratios were the measure of distribution of monomer units in a copolymer chain; the values obtained are compared and discussed.
Optical mask metrology for next generation lithography

This article addresses the state-of-the-art in optical mask CD metrology based on the most recent deep ultraviolet (DUV) microscope optics operating at 248 nm. It further points out the future potential and limitations of optical CD metrology in general and shows that DUV mask metrology has all of the capabilities to meet the ITRS needs, while avoiding the difficulties associated with scanning electron microscopy based metrology tools, including substrate charging and contamination.
Extrapolation With Gaussian Random Processes and Evolutionary Programming

Emulation plays an indispensable role in engineering design. However, the majority of emulation methods are formulated for interpolation purposes and their performance significantly deteriorates in extrapolation. In this paper, we develop a method for extrapolation by integrating Gaussian processes (GPs) and evolutionary programming (EP). Our underlying assumption is that there is a set of free-form parametric bases that can model the data source reasonably well. Consequently, if we can find these bases via some training data over a region, we can do predictions outside of that region. To systematically and efficiently find these bases, we start by learning a GP without any parametric mean function. Then, a rich dataset is generated by this GP and subsequently used in EP to find some parametric bases. Afterwards, we retrain the GP while using the bases found by EP. This retraining essentially allows to validate and/or correct the discovered bases via maximum likelihood estimation. By iterating between GP and EP we robustly and efficiently find the underlying bases that can be used for extrapolation. We validate our approach with a host of analytical problems in the absence or presence of noise. We also study an engineering example on finding the constitutive law of a composite microstructure.
Computer simulation studies of anisotropic systems. XXX. The phase behavior and structure of a Gay–Berne mesogen

The Gay–Berne potential is proving to be a valuable model with which to investigate the behavior of liquid crystals using computer simulation techniques. The potential contains four independent parameters which control the anisotropy in the attractive and repulsive interactions. The choice of these parameters is not straightforward and it would seem that those employed in some simulations are not strictly appropriate for mesogenic rodlike molecules. Here we report a detailed computer simulation study of Gay–Berne particles interacting via a potential parametrized to reflect the anisotropic forces based on a fit to a realistic mesogenic molecule. The behavior of the phases and the transitions between them have been investigated for a system of 2000 particles using isothermal–isobaric Monte Carlo simulations. At low pressures, this Gay–Berne mesogen exhibits isotropic, smectic A and smectic B phases but, as the pressure is increased, so a nematic phase is added to the sequence. The nature of the phase trans.
Protein binding on thermally grown silicon dioxide

Proteins can confer functional properties to micro- or nanodevices or can passivate microdevice surfaces. We investigated the binding behavior, structure, and activity of a model protein (streptavidin) bound to thermally grown silicon dioxide, a substrate chosen for its prevalence in microfabricated devices. Multiple binding techniques (direct adsorption, substrate nanometer-scale patterning, and chemical conjugation) were investigated. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of surfaces prepared using these methods revealed differential morphological differences in proteins bound using each method. AFM adhesion measurements with protein-functionalized tips also showed a variation in adhesion strength between the techniques that was further supported by fluorescence imaging and biological assay. We show that nanometer-scale patterning and chemical conjugation both improve protein binding to the surface compared to direct adsorption. These techniques provide methods for directed attachment of proteins to biom.