Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a truncated accretion disc in the low-luminosity Seyfert galaxy, NGC 7213?

We present the broad-band 0.6–150 keV Suzaku and Swift BAT spectra of the low-luminosity Seyfert galaxy, NGC 7213. The time-averaged continuum emission is well fitted by a single power law of photon index � = 1.75, and from consideration of the Fermi flux limit we constrain the high-energy cut-off to be 350 keV < Ecut < 25 MeV. Line emission from both near-neutral iron Kα at 6.39 keV and highly ionized iron, from Fe XXV and Fe XXVI, is strongly detected in the Suzaku spectrum, further confirming the results of previous observations with Chandra and XMM–Newton. We find the centroid energies for the emission from Fe XXV and Fe XXVI to be 6.60 and 6.95 keV respectively, with the latter appearing to be resolved in the Suzaku spectrum. From modelling, we show that the Fe XXV and Fe XXVI emission can result from a highly photoionized plasma, with a column density of NH ∼ 3 × 10 23 cm −2 . A Compton reflection component, e.g. originating from an optically thick accretion disc or a Compton-thick torus, appears either very weak or absent in this active galactic nucleus (AGN), subtending <1 sr to the X-ray source, consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the absence of Compton reflection from either neutral or ionized material coupled with the lack of any relativistic Fe K signatures in the spectrum suggests that an inner, optically thick accretion disc is absent in this source. Instead, the accretion disc could be truncated with the inner regions perhaps replaced by a Compton-thin radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF). Thus, the Fe XXV and Fe XXVI emission could both originate in ionized material perhaps at the transition region between the hot, inner flow and the cold, truncated accretion disc on the order of 10 3 –10 4 gravitational radii from the black hole. The origin for the unresolved neutral Fe Kα emission is then likely to be further out, perhaps originating in the optical broad-line region or a Compton-thin pc-scale torus.
Arnett's Soft-tissue Cephalometric Analysis Norms for the North Indian Population: A Cephalometric Study

Objective: To determine the soft-tissue cephalometric norms as per Arnett’s analysis for male and female subjects of North Indian population and to compare these cephalometric norms with Arnett’s norms for Caucasian population. Materials and methods: Frontal and profile photographs of 150 subjects with normal occlusion and pleasing profile were rated by a panel of judges, from which 50-male and 50-female subjects were selected and their lateral cephalograms were taken for the present study. Arnett’s soft-tissue cephalometric analysis (STCA) was done on these cephalograms using Nemotech cephalometric software. Mean values of various parameters were obtained and these values were compared to Arnett’s norms for Caucasian population using Student t-test. These values were also compared among males and females of North Indian population. Results: High overjet, thicker soft-tissue, less facial length, retruded lower face and midface and convex profile were observed in the North Indian population as compared to Caucasian population. Males of North Indian population have thicker soft-tissue structures, more acute nasolabial angle, longer faces and more deep-set facial structures than females whereas females have greater interlabial gap and maxillary incisor exposure. Conclusion: Statistically significant differences in certain parameters were found between North Indian population and Caucasian population and also between males and females of North Indian population.
Investigation of Collapsed Building Incidents on Soft Marine Deposit: Both from Social and Technical Perspectives

A collapsed incident occurred on 10 October 2016 in Wenzhou City, China, which resulted in 22 casualties and 6 injuries. Most of victims were migrant laborers (rural dwellers who move to urban for a temporary work), who rented apartments in these residential buildings, which were originally constructed by local rural residents. This case report investigates the collapsed incident as well as other similar previous incidents. From the perspectives of both social and technical aspects, this report analyzed the Chinese rural land use policy with relevant technical factors. These incidents reveal social problems of the existing dual structure land-use policy in China. Chinese dual structure land-use policy caused deficiencies in the supervision of the construction market in rural area so that the following technical factors were not well supervised by the various quality control departments: (1) poorly quality of residential buildings, (2) unauthorized rooftop additions, and (3) differential settlement caused by the uneven distribution of underlying Wenzhou clay under creep conditions. Mandatory regulation by the government for any construction in China, particularly for the construction of self-constructed house building sites in rural areas, was recommended to minimize the resettlement issue of migrant workers.
Gravitational Motor using the Quantum Controller of Gravity

The Gravitational Motor is a type of motor which converts Gravitational Energy directly into Rotational Kinetic Energy. Its fuel is therefore the Gravitational Energy (no needs gasoline, oil, etc). An example of Gravitational Motor is the turbines of the hydroelectric plants. However, they are not mobile i.e., they cannot be transported from one place to another as the combustion motors or the electric motors. Mobiles Gravitational Motor can be developed starting from the devices of gravity control, such as the Quantum Controller of Gravity (QCG) [1]. The form of the QCG originally proposed is spherical. Here, it is described a Gravitational Motor which uses a QCG with spherical cylindrical form. This Gravitational Motor can have very-high power, and it can be used in order to generate electrical energy at large scale or traction to move cars, ships, tankers, aircraft carrier, trains, etc.
Breeding Biology of the Hooded Crow Corvus corone cornix in Warta River Valley (W Poland)

Abstract. The study area (16 km2) in “Ujście Warty” National Park, W Poland — was the valley of a lowland river at its confluence with the River Odra, covered by a mosaic of grassy vegetation and willow scrub. 111 breeding attempts were recorded during 2000–2002. The mean nest density (3.2 nests/km2) was higher than that recorded by other authors in agricultural landscapes, but lower than in urban areas. The nest construction was adapted to fit young willow trees. The mean clutch size was similar to that recorded in other populations (4.43), but eggs were smaller (41.2 mm × 29.1 mm). The hatching success was lower (76%) in comparison with other studies, but the mean number of fledglings (2.15 per nest and 2.96 per nest in successful broods) was relatively high. The main reasons for losses were unhatched eggs, predators, starved nestlings and poor nest construction. We hypothesise that the smaller egg size and lower hatching success recorded in this population was due to unfavourable and unpredictable feeding conditions (floods) during the period of egg formation and egg laying. Later in the season, receding floodwaters laid bare areas suitable for foraging on invertebrates; waterfowl eggs also became readily available. Predation was low (lack of nonbreeding stock of Hooded Crow). As a result of good conditions during chick rearing, the overall reproductive output was relatively high in comparison with other populations.
THE EFFECT OF NOMINAL GOVERNMENT DEFICITS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH

It is basically accepted by now that there is a positive relationship between the nominal government deficits and inflation. Government deficits may be financed by monetary growth due to several reasons but whatever the reason, the result is an increase in inflation. This in turn may affect the growth of real GNP negatively, due to its adverse effects on the allocation of resources, on the labor market and on the decisions of firms. This paper combines these two links, i.e. nominal government deficits and inflation, and inflation and real GNP growth. It further shows the effect of nominal government deficits on the economic growth for Turkey. Our results from cointegration and causality tests show that for Turkey for the period of 1950- 2001, nominal government deficits led to increases in the monetary base only in the short run, causing inflation both in the short and the long run. The effect of inflation on real GNP growth is weak and in the reverse direction.
Factors controlling interannual variability of vertical organic matter export and phytoplankton bloom dynamics – a numerical case-study for the NW Mediterranean Sea

Mid-latitude spring blooms of phytoplankton show considerable year-to-year variability in timing, spatial extent and intensity. It is still unclear to what degree the bloom variability is connected to the magnitude of the vertical flux of organic matter. A coupled three-dimensional hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model is used to relate interannual variability in phytoplankton spring-bloom dynamics to variability in the vertical export of organic matter in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Simulation results from 2001 to 2010, validated against remote-sensing chlorophyll, show marked interannual variability in both timing and shape of the bloom. Model results show a tendency for the bloom to start later after cold and windy winters. However, the onset of the bloom occurs often when the mixed layer is still several hundred metres deep while the heat flux is already approaching zero and turbulent mixing is low. Frequency and intensity of wind episodes control both the timing and development of the bloom and the consequent export flux of organic matter. The wintertime flux is greater than zero and shows relatively low interannual variability. The magnitude of the interannual variability is mainly determined in March when the frequency of windy days positively correlates with the export flux. Frequent wind-driven mixing episodes act to increase the export flux and, at the same time, to interrupt the bloom. Perhaps counterintuitively, our analysis shows that years with discontinuous, low-chlorophyll blooms are likely to have higher export flux than years with intense uninterrupted blooms. The NW Mediterranean shows strong analogy with the North Atlantic section within the same latitude range. Hence, our results may also be applicable to this quantitatively more important area of the world ocean.
Children's buying behaviour in China: A study of their information sources

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report an empirical study on children's buying behaviour in China, with a special focus on their information sources.Design/methodology/approach – The key literature on consumer socialisation of children is reviewed. Primary data were collected from a sample of 155 children aged ten‐13 using questionnaire survey. Various statistical methods such as Pearson correlation and tests were employed to analyse the data.Findings – Chinese children regard television commercials as an important information source for new products. However, they place greater level of trust in interpersonal information sources, especially in their parents who are perceived as the most credible information source with respect to their learning about new food products.Originality/value – The paper has made a contribution to the extant literature on Chinese children as consumer. The findings would be valuable in assisting companies, specially those in the food industry, to have a better understa.
Effective Thermal Conductivity of a Wet Porous Medium—Presence of Hysteresis When Modeling the Spatial Water Distribution for the Pendular Regime

This paper deals with the heat transfer between two spherical grains separated by a small gap; dry air is located around the grains and a liquid water meniscus is supposed to be present between them. This problem can be seen as a micro-scale cell of an assembly of solid grains, for which we are looking for the effective thermal conductivity. For a fixed contact angle and according to the volume of the liquid meniscus, two different shapes are possible for the meniscus, giving a "contacting" state (when the liquid makes a true bridge between the two spheres) and a "non-contacting" one (when the liquid is split in two different drops, separated by a thin air layer); the transition between these two states occurs at different times when increasing or decreasing the liquid volume, thus leading to a hysteresis behavior when computing the thermal flux across the domain.
An Empirical Test of Training Outcomes in the Australian Hotel Industry

The purpose of this paper was to empirically test the effective outcomes of a hotel training program. The serviceprofit chain model was used as the theoretical foundation for examining a causal link between the staff performance and the training program conducted in two Hotels. The method involved a regression analysis to test the level of influence of the training and other variables on staff performance. The findings were that there was a statistically significant difference in staff performance due to the training. A suggestion for future research is to examine outcome measures using random samples of hotel guests. The practical implication for HRM practitioners is that the method is easily replicated to provide objective evidence that can validate the outcomes from training programs.
Relative Attitude Estimation for a Uniform Motion and Slowly Rotating Noncooperative Spacecraft

This paper presents a novel relative attitude estimation approach for a uniform motion and slowly rotating noncooperative spacecraft. It is assumed that the uniform motion and slowly rotating noncooperative chief spacecraft is in failure or out of control and there is no a priori rotation rate information. We utilize a very fast binary descriptor based on binary robust independent elementary features (BRIEF) to obtain the features of the target, which are rotational invariance and resistance to noise. And then, we propose a novel combination of single candidate random sample consensus (RANSAC) with extended Kalman filter (EKF) that makes use of the available prior probabilistic information from the EKF in the RANSAC model hypothesis stage. The advantage of this combination obviously reduces the sample size to only one, which results in large computational savings without the loss of accuracy. Experimental results from real image sequence of a real model target show that the relative angular error is about 3.5% and the mean angular velocity error is about 0.1 deg/s.
Client Involvement in Psychotherapy: A Literature Review and Evaluation of an Involvement Measure

This thesis has three primary objectives and is organized into two separate but related manuscripts: In the first manuscript, entitled A Review of Client Involvement in Psychotherapy, the goal is to provide a thorough review of the involvement literature and to present a theoretical conceptualization of client involvement that could clarify our understanding of involvement. Specifically, it is argued that client involvement is composed of two facets, the internal and external processes which guide whether a client will participate in therapy. The goal of the second manuscript, which is entitled Factor Analysis and Construct Validity of a Measure of Client Involvement, is to evaluate a factor model of client involvement based on empirical data. The client involvement measure is the Comprehensive Scale of Psychotherapy Session Constructs Client Involvement subscale (CSPSC-CI; Eugster & Wampold, 1996), and it has not previously been independently evaluated. The psychometric properties of this measure were examined. Factor analysis of the CSPSC-CI revealed three interpretable factors: a Client factor, an Active Therapist factor, and a Disengaged Therapist factor. Discriminant and convergent construct validity was also evaluated; the results of the study provide preliminary support for the construct validity of the measure.
Artificial and Natural Topic Detection in Online Social Networks

Online Social Networks (OSNs), such as Twitter, offer attractive means of social interactions and communications, but also raise privacy and security issues. The OSNs provide valuable information to marketing and competitiveness based on users posts and opinions stored inside a huge volume of data from several themes, topics, and subjects. In order to mining the topics discussed on an OSN we present a novel application of Louvain method for TopicModeling based on communities detection in graphs by modularity. The proposed approach succeeded in finding topics in five different datasets composed of textual content from Twitter and Youtube. Another important contribution achieved was about the presence of texts posted by spammers. In this case, a particular behavior observed by graph community architecture (density and degree) allows the indication of a topic strength and the classification of it as natural or artificial. The later created by the spammers on OSNs.
Versatile dendrimer-derived nanocrystal microreactors towards fluorescence colloidal photonic crystals

The ability to finely bind colloidal photonic crystals with nanocrystals (NCs) is critical in many applications ranging from light-emitting devices to flexible displays and biological labels. Herein, the use of carbosilane–thioether generation 2 vinyl-terminated (G2-Vi) dendrimers facilitates zero dimensional (0D) and two dimensional (2D) microreactors with high-uptake NCs, allowing them to generate fluorescent colloidal photonic crystals. Dendrimer-functionalized microspheres were prepared by seeded copolymerization from micrometer-sized polystyrene (PS) seed particles and G2-Vi dendrimers. As an independent 0D microreactor, such dendrimer-functionalized microsphere latices bearing abundant thioether anchor sites can capture guest metal ion components, followed by the introduction of chalcogenides, and hence the in situ generation of higher-uptake NCs was realized. Furthermore, the as-obtained NC–latex hybrids from 0D microreactors were directly self-assembled into large-scale ordered colloidal arrays with uniform fluorescence. Additionally, compact assemblies from the Cd2+-loaded dendrimer-functionalized microspheres were constructed and were employed as a large-scale 2D reactor. An on-demand fluorescence pattern was freely and quickly displayed via a reaction-induce-response process by screen stencil oriented printing.
Lipid and fatty acid composition during embryo and larval development of puye Galaxias maculatus Jenyns, 1842, obtained from estuarine, freshwater and cultured populations

Galaxias maculatus eggs and larvae obtained from broodfish captured either in an estuarine or a freshwater environment, as well as from cultured broodstock were analysed to compare their lipid and fatty acid profiles. Results showed a lower lipid content in embryos and larvae from estuarine populations than those from fresh water, denoting the influence of environmental conditions. The n-3:n-6 ratio was higher in eggs from estuarine and cultured populations, being in the range of marine fishes, whereas for eggs from freshwater fish was lower and typical of freshwater fishes. The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), were higher in eggs and larvae of broodstock coming from culture or estuarine environments than in those from fresh water. Moreover, these fatty acids markedly increased after hatching in larvae coming from estuarine populations, suggesting the effect of the environment on fatty acid profiles to physiologically prepare the larvae to adapt to higher salinity conditions. Linoleic acid (18:2n-6) content was higher in fresh water fish and its reduction during embryo and larval development was accompanied by a significant increase of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), which was not observed in embryos or larvae from broodstock fish from estuary or aquaculture origin. Both environment and diet of broodstock fish affected lipid and fatty acid composition of G. maculatus embryo and larvae as well as their changes during development.
Induction of Parturition in Sows

When levels of neonatal mortality are considered too high or there is a need for relatively high levels of cross fostering, a protocol of induced farrowing should be implemented to facilitate farrowing supervision. Before implementing an induction protocol the normal gestation length for the farm should be established and sows not induced more than 2 days in advance. Earlier injections will result in low birthweight pigs with potentially compromised lung development. For optimal induction, inject prostaglandin or an analogue into the vulva at the label or 50% dose in the morning and again 6 to 8 hours later. Do not inject oxytocin routinely (e.g. at 24 hours after initial PGF injection) as this will increase stillbirths and neonatal mortality because the strong uterine contractions will cause blood flow restriction to the uterus with consequent fetal hypoxia. Injections of up to 10 IU oxytocin can be given strategically for potential problem sows and to older slower farrowing sows after the delivery of the 7th pig.
Caring to make a difference: vulnerable women

We report findings from a mixed-methods study to compare birth outcomes and experiences between vulnerable women who had/had not received targeted support from a specialist midwifery team and/or a third-sector organisation. Sociodemographic and birth-related/outcome data from a 12-month birth cohort were used to explore differences between a) vulnerable and non-vulnerable women; and b) vulnerable women who had and those who had not received targeted support. Seventeen women who had/had not received targeted support were interviewed. Vulnerable mothers were significantly more likely to be younger, from a minority ethnic group, access care later in pregnancy and have a baby born earlier and at a lower birth weight. A higher percentage of women who received targeted support had a spontaneous birth, a vaginal presentation at birth and were less likely to use anaesthesia during labour when compared with unsupported vulnerable women. Targeted support was associated with reassurance, increased parental confidence and wellbeing. Key practice and policy-based implications are considered.
Drawing the Line on District Competition

In “Don't Blame Redistricting for Uncompetitive Elections” in this issue of PS: Political Science and Politics, Abramowitz, Alexander, and Gunning (2006) argue that redistricting is not responsible for the decline in the number of competitive districts, defined as a district with a near balance of partisanship. Further, the authors claim that non-partisan redistricting institutions are not correlated with the number of competitive districts. The relationship between redistricting institutions and competitive districts is of importance not only to academics who study redistricting and elections, but also to policy makers and reformers who advocate redistricting reform. If these claims are true, then policymakers are expending much misguided effort to enact redistricting reform to treat the greater problem of the decline of electoral competition in recent U.S. congressional elections.