Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification and freedom to operate analysis of potential genes for drought tolerance in maize

Drought tolerance is an important character for agricultural crops, particularly corn. Genes confering this feature can be patented, thus hindering their use. From a thorough analysis, three genes (DREB, ZAT10 and CspB) were identified and their sequences were captured in the NCBI database. From these sequences and using free software tools, expression cassettes -including regulatory regions (promoters E35S + Pleader, Ubi-1, rab17; terminators Trub, Tnos)- were designed. Patent searches were conducted in international databases (The Lens and PATENTSCOPE). Four patents and an application were found. In the Colombian national database of the Superintendence of Industry and Commerce (SIC), only the application made through PCT was identified. The claims and nucleotide sequences contained in the application were analyzed and it was found that they do not affect the expression cassettes designed. There is freedom to operate for these constructs and it is possible to continue developing drought-tolerant GM maize lines for the domestic market.
Value of Reducing Temporal Input Nonuniformities (The)

The producer value of reducing temporal uncertainty concerning the level of soil nitrate is estimated for corn production in Iowa. The reduction in uncertainty is obtained through use of a late-spring nitrate test. Parametric representations of conditional densities of soil nitrates are used along with an estimated production function to estimate optimal nitrogen fertilizer applications under both uncertainty and certainty for a representative risk-neutral Iowa corn farm. Results indicate that decreasing uncertainty could reduce average fertilizer applications by up to 38 percent and that producer returns could be increased by up to $22.08/acre.
Catching the radio flare in CTA 102 - I. Light curve analysis

Context. The blazar CTA 102 (z = 1.037) underwent a historical radio outburst in April 2006. This event offered a unique chance to study the physical properties of the jet. Aims. We used multifrequency radio and mm observations to analyze the evolution of the spectral parameters during the flare as a test of the shock-in-jet model under these extreme conditions. Methods. For the analysis of the flare we took into account that the flaring spectrum is superimposed on a quiescent spectrum. We reconstructed the latter from archival data and fitted a synchrotron self-absorbed distribution of emission. The uncertainties of the derived spectral parameters were calculated using Monte Carlo simulations. The spectral evolution is modeled by the shock-in-jet model, and the derived results are discussed in the context of a geometrical model (varying viewing angle) and shock-shock interaction Results. The evolution of the flare in the turnover frequency-turnover flux density (νm −S m) plane shows a double peak structure. The nature of this evolution is dicussed in the frame of shock-in-jet models. We discard the generation of the double peak structure in the νm − S m plane purely based on geometrical changes (variation of the Doppler factor). The detailed modeling of the spectral evolution favors a shock-shock interaction as a possible physical mechanism behind the deviations from the standard shock-in-jet model.
Ultrastructure of the mycorrhiza formed by "Tetraclinis articulata" (Vahl) Masters (Cupressaceae)

espanolSe estudia la organizacion de la endomicorriza formada por Tetraclinis articulata tanto en plantulas de vivero colonizadas de forma natural como en plantas micropropagadas e inoculadas con Glomus sp. mediante miscroscopia optica y electronica. La infeccion se extendio de forma intercelular de una celula a otra en el interior de la raiz hospedante. Nunca se observaron hifas intracelulares atravesando las paredes de las celulas hospedantes. Esto pudo estar favorecido por la presencia de numerosos engrosamientos en las zonas de contacto entre las celulas, que son caracteristicas de las raices de T. articulata. Estos engrosamientos pudieron impedir el paso de las hifas. Se observo una reducida region interfacial entre ambos simbiontes con un material fibrilar en contacto con la pared de la hifa y, en algunos casos, en contacto con el plasmalema de la celula hospedante, aunque a veces esta region estuvo ocupada por pequenas vesiculas. El incremento de los organulos citoplasmaticos tanto en la celula vegetal colonizada como en las hifas intracelulares, durante la fase arbuscular, indico un aumento de la actividad metabolica de ambos simbiontes. Las formaciones de membrana, generalmente conocidas como plasmalemasomas, se observaron en las zona interfacial arbuscular y en el citoplasma de las hifas arbusculares. La organizacion corresponde a una micorriza arbuscular tipica EnglishThe structural organisation of the endomycorrhiza in naturally infected seedlings and micropropagated and Glomus inoculated plants of Tetraclinis articulata was studied by means of light and electron microscopy. Hyphal spread from cell to cell in the host root was entirely intercellular. Intracellular hyphae crossing through the host walls were never observed. This could be favoured by the presence of numerous wall swellings at the contacting area among cell walls which are characteristic of T. articulata roots. These wall swellings could impede the crossing of the hyphae. The reduced interfacial region between both symbionts was observed with a fibrillar material in contact with the hyphal wall and, in some cases, in contact with the host plamalemma, although sometimes this region was occupied by small vesicles. The increase of the cytoplasmic organules both in the host cell and intracellular hyphae, during the arbuscular phase, indicated an increase of the metabolic activity of both symbionts. The membrane formations, generally referred to as plasmalemmasomes, appeared in the arbuscular interfacial zone and in the cytoplasm of the arbuscular hyphae. This is a typical arbuscular mycorrhiza
Title Robust free space board-to-board optical interconnect with closed loop MEMS tracking Permalink

We present a free-space optical interconnect system capable of dynamic closed-loop optical alignment using a microlens scanner with a proportional integral and derivative controller. Electrostatic microlens scanners based on combdrive actuators are designed and characterized with vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) for adaptive optical beam tracking in the midst of mechanical vibration noise. The microlens scanners are fabricated on siliconon-insulator wafers with a bulk micromachining process using deep reactive ion etching. We demonstrate dynamic optical beam positioning with a 700 Hz bandwidth and a maximum noise reduction of approximately 40 dB. Eye diagrams with a 1 Gb/s modulation rate are presented to demonstrate the improved optical link in the presence of mechanical noise. PACS 42.15. -i · 42.55. Px
Stigma in women living with HIV in Coimbatore District of TamilNadu

Stigma in patients living with HIV (PLWHIV) is an important factor influencing the non disclosure of disease as well as treatment. Stigma levels were measured in 43 Women living with HIV/AIDS, in Coimbatore district , Tamilnadu, India. Scores in the 4 domains of stigma –Personalized stigma, Disclosure stigma, Negative self-image and Public attitude stigma were calculated using the standardised Berger scale . Overall mean scores of each of the four forms of stigma was calculated . Scores in each domain were split into three levels low , moderate and high and the percentage of patients in each level was calculated. High mean scores and percentage of women scoring high stigma levels was found for disclosure stigma followed by public attitude concern stigma. Negative self image showed the least stigma score. Correlation of scores with demographic data showed that socioeconomic status had significant negative relationship with Disclosure, concern with public attitude and with Overall Score . Interventions to improve quality of life in PLWHIV and to achieve better outcomes should focus more on reducing disclosure stigma and perceived public concern stigma along with education of Public against discrimination. Program evaluation should be done in a larger scale .
The Influence of Psychosocial Factors on Bhutanese High School Students

Abstract Objective: To identify depression level and examine the influence of psychosocial factors on depression in Bhutanese high school students. Methods: Data were collected from 316 students in grades 9 - 12 at a higher secondary school, Sarpang District in Bhutan selected through multi-stage random sampling. Self-administered questionnaires including 1) demographic information, 2) Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 3) Rumination Response Scale, 4) Type D Personality Scale, 5) Education Stress Scale, 6) Social Peer Rejection Measure, and 7) Family Dynamic Environment Scale were used. Scales 2 to 7 had acceptable to high reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.89, 0.91, 0.75, 0.87, 0.89 and 0.91, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Results: The sample’s mean depression score was 19.12 (SD = 8.20) where 33% had depression (N = 104). Rumination, Type D personality, academic stress, peer rejection, and family environment significantly explained 46% of the variance of depression (R 2 = 0.46, F 5,310 = 53.46, P < 0.001). Type D personality served as a strongest predictor (b = 0.32, P < 0.001), followed by rumination (b = 0.31, P < 0.001), academic stress (b = 0.10, P < 0.05), and peer rejection (b = 0.10, P < 0.05). However, family environment was not a significant predictor. Conclusion: Depression was positively associated with type D personality, rumination, academic stress, and peer rejection, but not family environment. School based mental health program for prevention and management of depression for high school students could be developed. Keywords: high school students, depression, psychosocial factors, Bhutan
ALLELOPATHIC ACTIVITY OF PHENOLICS FROM PROTEA CYNAROIDES STEMS, AND THEIR ROLE AS ENDOGENOUS ROOTING REGULATORS IN VIVO

Allelopathy bioassay indicated the presence of allelochemicals in Protea cynaroides stem cuttings. Further analysis of stem extracts identified large quantities of 3,4dihydroxybenzoic acid and other similar phenolics in the stem. Phytotoxicity bioassay showed that 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid both stimulated and inhibited root growth of lettuce seedlings, depending on the concentration applied. The exogenous application of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid on P. cynaroides explants in vitro stimulated root growth at 100 mg l, but not at lower concentrations, while root inhibition was observed at toxic levels (500 mg l). HPLC analysis of cuttings during vegetative propagation showed a considerable increase in 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid levels from initial planting to when root formation took place, indicating that 3,4dihydroxybenzoic acid may be an important phenolic compound in regulating root formation in P. cynaroides cuttings. HPLC analysis also identified caffeic, ferulic, gallic and salicylic acids in the cuttings.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SUPPLEMENT ON DEGRADATION OF DRY MATTER AND FIBER OF UNTREATED AND UREA TREATED RICE STRAW IN THE RUMEN OF SHEEP

The study was conducted to investigate the degradation of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergentfiber (NDF) of urea untreated (URS) and urea treated rice straw (TRS) incubated in the rumen of sheepfed different diet. Three fistulated sheep were fed on urea-treated rice straw basal diet with threesupplemental treatment diets which consisted of control diet (T0) mulberry and molasses; mulberry,rice bran and urea (T1); and rice bran and urea (T2). Either URS or TRS was placed in nylon bags andincubated in the rumen at 0, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Parameters recorded were degradation of DMand NDF, rumen pH, rumen ammonia. The results showed that DM degradability of URS of the diet T1was significantly lower than other diets. Similarly the URS degradability of rumen-insoluble fraction(b) of DM and NDF of T1 diet was significantly lower than those of T0 and T2 diet. DM and NDFdegradability of URS was not affected by diets. The rumen ammonia concentration of T1 and T2 wassignificantly higher than those T0, but still higher than critical ammonia concentration required forrumen microbial synthesis. These results suggest that different supplementations have no significanteffect on DM and NDF degradability of TRS.
Role of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) and adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) in type 2 diabetes mellitus with a potential for atherosclerotic complications in patients of Qassim region, KSA

Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) is powerful and independent risk factors for coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Accelerated atherosclerosis is the major vascular complication of diabetes, constituting the main cause of morbidity and mortality in this common metabolic disorder. The role of oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in diabetic complications as atherogenesis is unclear and available studies are contradictory. Objectives: The current study was conducted to investigate the pathological role of oxLDL and cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) and their clinical impact in type 2 DM patients. Patients and Methods: The serum levels of ox-LDL and VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Their levels were correlated to glycemic status and lipid profile in 60 type 2 diabetic patients compared to 25 healthy subjects. Results: The current study revealed a significant higher ox-LDL and VCAM-1 levels in diabetic patients compared to healthy group, with significant higher levels of oxLDL in uncontrolled diabetes compared to controlled diabetes. The elevation of ox-LDL in DM patients (p <0.001) was more profound than LDL elevation (P<0.05). Ox-LDL was correlated positively with glycemic index (HbA1c and FBG), lipid profile (TG, LDL and atherogenic index), blood pressure (systole and diastole) and with VCAM-1. Moreover, VCAM-1 was positively correlated to HbA1c, cholesterol and ICAM-1. Conclusion: The elevated levels of ox-LDL and VCAM-1 in DM versus controls and their positive correlation suggest the potential role of ox-LDL as a possible etiological and prognostic marker for atherosclerosis. Moreover anti- ox-LDL drugs may be tried as new therapeutic agents to minimize atherosclerotic complications of DM © 2012 GESDAV
Performance Comparison of MIMO Systems over AWGN and Rayleigh Channels with Zero Forcing Receivers

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless antenna systems have been recognized as a key technology for future wireless communications. The performance of MIMO system can be improved by using multiple antennas at transmitting and receiving side to provide spatial diversity. In this paper, the effects of the number of transmit and receive antennas on the performance of MIMO system over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels with ZF receiver is analyzed. The bit error rate performance characteristics of Zero-Forcing (ZF) receiver is investigated for M-PSK modulation technique. The AWGN and Rayleigh channels have been used for the analysis purpose and their effect on BER have been presented.
Universal feature in optical control of a p -wave Feshbach resonance

In this Letter we report the experimental results on optical control of a p-wave Feshbach resonance, by utilizing a laser driven bound-to-bound transition to shift the energy of closed channel molecule. The magnetic field location for p-wave resonance as a function of laser detuning can be captured by a simple formula with essentially one parameter, which describes how sensitive the resonance depends on the laser detuning. The key result of this work is to demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, that the ratio between this parameter for $m=0$ resonance and that for $m=\pm 1$ resonance, to large extent, is universal. We also show that this optical control can create intriguing situations where interesting few- and many-body physics can occurs, such as a p-wave resonance overlapping with an s-wave resonance or three p-wave resonances being degenerate.
Systematic review of the studies examining the impact of the interactive whiteboard on teaching and learning : what we do learn and what we do not.

This systematic review focuses on the impact of Interactive Whiteboards (IWBs) on teaching and learning. Learning is interpreted through a Vygotskian constructivist lens, emphasizing quality through dialogic interaction. Classroom interactions and achievement in standardized tests are considered formative and summative assessment tools, respectively. Thus, our aim was to investigate whether the IWB technology had any effect on teaching and learning, reflected in standardized forms of testing or in-classroom quality measures. An online search through Proquest and FirstSearch resulted in sixteen studies of diverse methodologies. Qualitative synthesis of quantitative data indicated that IWBs have not raised the levels of pupils’ achievement and do not necessarily impact the quality of classroom learning. More longitudinal studies should focus on particular subjects taught, the age of pupils and particular type(s) of use. Overall, quality teaching is an important condition for improved learning, which does not necessarily result from IWB use. However, there is a general consensus across all studies that learning can be facilitated and improved through the use of IWB. Synchronizing theory with technological applications seems to be key in answering such assumptions positively. More importantly, concerns are raised regarding the unfolded relation between achievement and classroom interaction.
Negative Discourse and Emergence of Game Genres: A social networks exploration

The fluidity of game genres can be considered an issue to be solved; however, we propose to look at it as a social value, from a positive and creative perspective. In this study, we analyze emergence of game genres, experimenting with a constructive use of negative discourse from online communities, about the controversial genre of monodimensional games (i.e., 1D). Analyzing online conversations, 1D games can be defined as a non-genre, since posts about them are almost exclusively negative, referring to it as synonymous of an impossible or meaningless effort. We decided to challenge this attitude towards 1D games, iteratively designing and coding a few 1D games, and then post about them on selected online communities. This exploration of the 1D games-design space was conducted through user centred design and netnography. Our results suggest that 1D games can be recognized as fun and challenging, from the perspective of both players and game designers. Keywordsnetnography; game genre exploration; game design.
Revisiting CFHTLenS cosmic shear: Optimal E/B mode decomposition using COSEBIs and compressed COSEBIs

We present a re-analysis of the CFHTLenS weak gravitational lensing survey using Complete Orthogonal Sets of E/B-mode Integrals, known as COSEBIs. COSEBIs provide a complete set of functions to efficiently separate E-modes from B-modes and hence allow for robust and stringent tests for systematic errors in the data. This analysis reveals significant B-modes on large angular scales that were not previously seen using the standard E/B decomposition analyses. We find that the significance of the B-modes is enhanced when the data are split by galaxy type and analysed in tomographic redshift bins. Adding tomographic bins to the analysis increases the number of COSEBIs modes, which results in a less-accurate estimation of the covariance matrix from a set of simulations. We therefore also present the first compressed COSEBIs analysis of survey data, where the COSEBIs modes are optimally combined based on their sensitivity to cosmological parameters. In this tomographic CCOSEBIs analysis, we find the B-modes to be consistent with zero when the full range of angular scales are considered.
Design Patterns in N-tier Architecture

The efficiency of solution of practical computational problems depends heavily on system architecture design. In case of distributed and modulated system with the connections between elements lying over bad and unreliable network hybrid design patterns should be considered for overhead reducing. In this paper such pattern called MVA-F is presented. It is based on the standard patterns of MVC family in combination with a “Facade” pattern. Its main advantage is basic-level stability due to one point of entrance to model layer for different parts of upper layers. The comparison with standard patterns made on synthetic tests proves that this approach can be used in the systems which are used in unstable environment.
Educating Through the Physical - Procedures and Implementation

The unique features of physical activity and play highlight it as a constructive context for attaining behavioral goals such as self-control and social skills. Strenuous activity, competition, adherence to rules, team play, frustration and joy are all characteristics inherent in sport that make it a perfect “school for life”. This paper presents a model of Educating through the Physical, in which behavioral goals are achieved and mastered within the context of physical activity and then generalized across other settings and individuals. It provides educators and clinicians with practical tools to design and implement movement-related lesson plans (scripts) based on functional analytic information in order to attain pedagogical and clinical objectives.
A Temporal Involvement Model with a Cognitive Formulation. An Application to the “Apellation of Origin” in Agro-Food Products

This paper analyses the involvement concept, applying it to the ‘appellation of origin’. This construct is rendered operational through its cognitive formulation, derived from the conceptual framework of the variable, determining factors, causes and consequences. This study proposes a model which measures the temporal involvement and includes a structural descriptive network of its relationship with other connected concepts: perceived risk, knowledge and experience of the consumer. On the other hand, it explains the predictive capacity of the construct as well as these criteria and the level of continuous consequences derived from involvement in the buyer decision process.
Synthesis and Characterization of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Coordinated Silicon Compounds Bearing a Fused-Ring Bulky Eind Group

The reactions of the fused-ring bulky Eind-substituted 1,2-dibromodisilene, (Eind)BrSi=SiBr(Eind) (1a) (Eind = 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octaethyl-s-hydrindacen-4-yl (a)), with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) (Im-Me4 = 1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene and Im-iPr2Me2 = 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) are reported. While the reaction of 1a with the sterically more demanding Im-iPr2Me2 led to the formation of the mono-NHC adduct of arylbromosilylene, (Im-iPr2Me2)→SiBr(Eind) (2a′), a similar reaction using the less bulky Im-Me4 affords the bis-NHC adduct of formal arylsilyliumylidene cation, [(Im-Me4)2→Si(Eind)]+[Br−] (3a). The NHC adducts 2a′ and 3a can also be prepared by the dehydrobromination of Eind-substituted dibromohydrosilane, (Eind)SiHBr2 (4a), with NHCs. The NHC-coordinated silicon compounds have been characterized by spectroscopic methods. The molecular structures of bis-NHC adduct, [(Im-iPr2Me2)2→Si(Eind)]+[Br−] (3a′), and 4a have been determined by X-ray crystallography.