Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gene Stacking for Fungal Resistance in Plant Transformation Vector

Fungal diseases like early blight, late blight, fusarium wilt cause 30-40 per cent loss in fruit production. Form past decade many transgenic plants had been developed using genes encoding chitinases and glucanases with the objective of imparting fungal disease resistance. Since the genes encoding chitinase and glucanase act synergistically. The study was performed to construct plant transformation vector pRAGS carrying both ech42 and bgn under single T-DNA region. Initially, HindIII site at 5' end of earlier cloned bgn (T. harzianum) was removed using primers during reamplification of the gene. The amplicons were cloned into pTZ57R/T containing T overhangs at Eco321 site and transferred to E. coli DH5a and further to plant transformation vector pBI121 which was named as pRA121. In order to clone another gene (ech42) into pRA121, expression cassette from iHP vector was transferred to pRA121 and named as pRAG121. Further in order to gain XhoI site for cloning ech42 gene into pRAG121, ech42 (pSUM1) was cloned into pYES2/CT, named as pSAG1, ech42 from pSAG1 cloned with KpnI and XhoI in pRAG121 and named as pRAGS121. The vector constructed in the present study can be used to transform important crop plants to have enhanced resistance to fungal diseases.
Quadrotor Position Estimation using Low Quality Images

The use of unmanned systems is becoming widespread in commercial and military sectors. The ability of these systems to take on dull, dirty, and dangerous tasks which were formerly done by humans is encouraging their rapid adoption. In particular, a subset of these undesirable tasks are uniquely suited for small unmanned aerial vehicles such as quadrotor helicopters. Examples of such tasks include surveillance, mapping, and search and rescue. Many of these potential tasks require quadrotors to be deployed in environments where a degree of position estimation is required and traditional GPS–based positioning technologies are not applicable. Likewise, since unmanned systems in these environments are often intended to serve the purpose of scouts or first–responders, no maps or reference beacons will be available. Additionally, there is no guarantee of clear features within the environment which an onboard sensor suite (typically made up of a monocular camera and inertial sensors) will be able to track to maintain an estimate of vehicle position. Up to 90% of the features detected in the environment may produce motion estimates which are inconsistent with the true vehicle motion. Thus, new methods are needed to compensate for these environmental deficiencies and measurement inconsistencies. In this work, a RANSAC–based outlier rejection technique is combined with an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to generate estimates of vehicle position in a 2–D plane. A low complexity feature selection technique is used in place of more modern techniques in order to further reduce processor load. The overall algorithm was faster than the traditional approach by a factor of 4. Outlier rejection allows the abundance of low quality, poorly tracked image features to be filtered appropriately, while the EKF allows a motion model of the quadrotor to be incorporated into the position estimate. The algorithm is tested in real–time on a quadrotor vehicle in an indoor environment with no clear features and found to be able to successfully estimate position of the vehicle to within 40 cm, superior to those produced when no outlier rejection technique was used. It is also found that the choice of simple feature selection approaches is valid, as complex feature selection approaches which may take over 10 times as long to run still result in outliers being present. When the algorithm is used for vehicle control, periodic synchronization to ground truth data was required due to nearly 1 second of latency present in the closed–loop system. However, the system as a whole is a valid proof of concept for the use of low quality images for quadrotor position control. The overall results from the work suggest that it is possible for unmanned systems to use visual data to estimate state even in operational environments which are poorly suited for visual estimation techniques. The filter algorithm described in this work can be seen as a useful tool for expanding the operational capabilities of small aerial vehicles.
Using Accelerated Tests to Predict Service Life in Highly-Variable Environments

Today's manufacturers need to develop newer, higher technology products in record time while improving productivity, reliability, and quality. This requires improved accelerated test (AT) methods that can usefully predict service life. For example, automobile manufacturers would like to develop a 3-month test to predict 5 or 10-year eld reliability of a coating system. Such estimation/prediction from ATs involves extrapolation. Seriously inadequate predictions will result unless adequate models and methods are used. This paper describes a general framework within which one can use laboratory test results to predict product eld service life performance of certain products in a highly-variable
Human Robot Collaboration in Production Environments

Human Robot Collaboration has great potential for the manufacturing domain. A necessary precondition for this type of Joint Action is however the human’s acceptance of their robotic co-worker. Recent research indicates that this acceptance is heavily influenced by the flexibility granted to the worker and the efficiency of the collaboration. Current systems aim for efficiency but neglect the spatial constraints of the collaboration. Furthermore they restrict the worker’s flexibility. This paper presents an approach that extends prior art by considering spatial constraints and granting more flexibility to the worker. It thus facilitates a more efficient collaboration and a higher worker acceptance in manufacturing environments. The application of the approach to the workshop example is sketched.
VARIABILITY ANALYSIS OF 6T AND 7T SRAM CELL IN SUB-45NM TECHNOLOGY

This paper analyses standard 6T and 7T SRAM (static random access memory) cell in light of process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations to verify their functionality and robustness. The 7T SRAM cell consumes higher hold power due to its extra cell area required for its functionality constraint. It shows 60% improvement in static noise margin (SNM), 71.4% improvement in read static noise margin (RSNM) and 50% improvement in write static noise margin (WSNM). The 6T cell outperforms 7T cell in terms of read access time (T RA ) by 13.1%. The write access time (T WA ) of 7T cell for writing "1" is 16.6 x longer than that of 6T cell. The 6T cell proves it robustness against PVT variations by exhibiting narrower spread in T RA (by 1.2 x) and T wa (by 3.4x). The 7T cell offers 65.6% saving in read power (R PWR ) and 89% saving in write power (W PWR ). The R PWR variability indicates that 6T ell is more robust against process variation by 3.9x. The 7T cell shows 1.3x wider write power (W PWR ) variability indicating 6T cell's robustness against PVT variations. All the results are based on HSPICE simulation using 32 nm CMOS Berkeley Predictive Technology Model (BPTM).
PRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF NUTRACEUTICAL VEGETABLE JUICE BLENDS

A great interest has been recently focused on vegetable juices. So, this study was made as a trial to produce new untraditional vegetable juice blends with high balanced nutritive value. Thirteen different pasteurized vegetable juice blends were prepared. Four blends were only selected repre-senting the most favorite ones, which were pre-ferred by the panelists. The chosen blends were stored at 5 ±1oC for 3 months during which, the chemical composition, antioxidants activity as well as the microbial examination were carried out. The chemical composition of all selected blends was approximately similar except for blend 11 (carrot, watermelon, pumpkin, celery and parsley) having the lowest value of total acidity (0.054%) compared to the other blends. No significant differences were detected between the total phenolic compounds of those four blends and the control (imported com-mercial vegetable juice). Blend (4), (tomato, carrot and celery) had the highest contents of total phe-nols and total flavonoids being 16.65 and 31.25 mg /100 ml, respectively. Total carotenoids of all blends ranged from 7.69 to 12.09 mg/100 ml. Addi-tion of green leafy vegetables (celery and parsley) to blend (11) increased total chlorophyll content by more than two folds becoming greater (52.43 mg/100gm) than the other studied blends as well as the control sample. Meanwhile, ascorbic acid content ranged from 8.45 to 20.22 mg/100ml. Blend (3),( tomato, carrot, watermelon and rocket ) had the highest content of ascorbic acid, mean-while, blend (11), being free from tomato juice, had the lowest content. All selected blends had ade-quate minerals contents and could be considered sufficient sources of minerals to human nutrition. Also, insignificant differences in chemical composi-tion of the selected vegetable juice blends could be detected throughout the storage period. On the other hand, the thermal treatments, blanching and pasteurization reduced the activity of microorgan-isms and all products maintained their original sensory properties.
Time-dependent climate impact of short rotation coppice willow-based systems for electricity and heat production

Fossil fuel use and man-made land use change has increased carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the atmosphere, contributing to climate impacts such as global warming. Perennial crops such as short rotation coppice (SRC) willow have received attention because of their potential to sequester carbon (C) from the atmosphere and build up soil organic carbon stocks while producing biomass which can be used to generate energy services. The aim of this thesis was to assess the climate impact of bioenergy systems and develop the methodology used to evaluate these systems. The biomass from a SRC willow plantation can be used in a number of different ways to produce energy services. Specific objectives of this thesis were to investigate the energy efficiency and time-dependent climate impact of SRC willow–based bioenergy systems using different ways of converting the biomass into electricity and heat. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to enable the assessment of time-dependent climate impacts using a time-distributed inventory and a time-dependent indicator, i.e. the global mean surface temperature change (∆Ts). Several different ways of generating electricity and/or heat from the biomass produced at a SRC willow plantation were compared, taking biogenic C stock changes into account. The main conclusions were that SRC willow–based bioenergy systems can be truly C negative and help contribute to counteract the current trend in global warming while delivering renewable energy at the same time. The choice of energy conversion technology affects both the energy efficiency and the potential climate impact mitigation potential of the system. Biogenic C pools can have a very large influence on the climate impact in bioenergy systems. It is therefore important to take these pools into account whenever land use or management changes take place, in order to counteract global warming more effectively.
Respecting EU cross-compliance requirements as an indicator of animal welfare on dairy farms in Poland

Respecting EU cross-compliance requirements as an indicator of animal welfare on dairy farms in Poland. The aim of the study was to determine the level of animal welfare on dairy farms in Poland and to compare the measured parameters with the cross-compliance requirements. The study was conducted on 46 farms in the winter season. The microclimate measurements such as air moisture content, concentrations of selected air pollutants and the brightness of the room has been taken. A comparison of cattle housing systems on bedding and on the slatted floor has been examined. The barns were divided into four groups, depending on the size of the herd: 10–20 cows (12 barns), 21–40 cows (22 barns), 41–60 cows (7 barns), and 100–180 cows (5 barns), respectively. The largest group consisted of haerds housing 21–40 cows, which represented 48% of all herds involved in the study. Of all the barns that used slatted floors or bedding, we selected three largest herds each in order to compare hygienic parameters between both types of housing. The main findings were as follows: (1) the concentration of selected air pollutants in most of the barns did not deviate from the recommendations of the (Polish) National Research Institute of Animal Production; (2) the concentration of selected air pollutants was lower in barns where the cattle was kept on slatted floors; (3) the cattle housed on slatted floors also had better lighting conditions; (4) smaller herds of dairy cows were found to have relative air humidity conditions; (5) in 81% of farms, air humidity in the premises remained within the animal welfare standards.
Running Head: A SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF THE BELIEFS OF THE PRE-SERVICE

In contemporary teacher education practice, teachers’ beliefs, practices and attitudes have always been an important aspect of training continuum and important for understanding and improving educational processes. Beliefs are supposed to be linked to teachers’ strategies to handle the difficulties in their professional life and to their overall psychological mood. Furthermore, they essentially construct students’ learning ambiance and influence their motivation and achievement. They are also considered as means to handle the effects of professional policies – such as revisions and improvements in curricula for teachers’ initial education or professional development on student learning. The purpose of this study is to investigate teaching practice from the perspective of student teachers' experiences and personal views using the sentiment and semantic analysis of the students’ essays on their views on practicum. The participants of the study are forty-seven senior year ELT students of Cukurova University. The sentiment analysis tool, LIWC, used was developed by Tausczik and Pennebaker (2010) based on psychometric properties of the categories of the lexical items.
An evaluation of supplemental food to increase winter survival of cottontail rabbits

The New England cottontail is currently endangered throughout much of its range. The cause of this decline has been habitat loss that has facilitated intense predation. Cottontails living on small patches have high mortality rates due to lack of quality cover and browse and high predation pressure. The goal of this study was to determine if provisioning supplemental food during the winter could increase cottontail survival rates by reducing risky foraging behavior in poor habitat that exposes the rabbits to predators. Among fed rabbits the survival rate (70%) was substantially greater than the survival rate for unfed rabbits (32%). A population model was created in RAMAS Metapop using these survival figures to determine an optimum feeding regime. When a small number of patches were fed, a cluster approach worked best. When many patches were fed the there was little difference among the three approaches.
Dynamic Debt Deleveraging and Optimal Monetary Policy

This paper proposes a postcrisis New Keynesian model that incorporates agent heterogeneity in borrowing and lending with a minimum set of assumptions. Unlike the standard framework, this model makes the natural rate of interest endogenous and dependent on macroeconomic policy. The main application is to study optimal monetary policy at the zero lower bound (ZLB). Such policy succeeds in raising the natural rate of interest by creating an environment that speeds up deleveraging and thus endogenously shortens the crisis and the duration of binding ZLB. Inflation should be front-loaded and should overshoot its long-term target during the ZLB episode. (JEL E12, E31, E32, E43, E52)
PENALIZED MINIMUM DISPARITY METHODS FOR MULTINOMIAL MODELS

Robust estimation of the probability vector is an important problem for the finite k cell multinomial model. When the probability vector is unrestricted, its estimate is equal to the vector of the observed proportions for all minimum disparity estimators (Lindsay (1994)). But, when the probabilities are functions of a parameter θ of dimension smaller than k, the estimates may differ significantly for different disparities. In particular, some procedures like the minimum Hellinger distance method may be substantially superior to the maximum likelihood esti- mator (MLE) or the minimum (Pearson's) chi-square estimator under systematic deviations from the model. All the minimum disparity estimators have optimal asymptotic efficiency properties. However, in many subclasses of disparities such as the Cressie-Read family more robust members of the class generally suffer a significant loss in small sample efficiency. In this paper we consider a correction which can lead to appreciable improvements in the small sample properties of the procedures, generally keeping their robustness properties intact. Exact results are presented for several multinomial models and a number of data examples are also considered.
Analyse p-adique et suites classiques de nombres

Soit (an)n∈N une suite de nombres rationnels (ou plus généralement de nombres algébriques sur Q et soit p un nombre premier. On sait que la suite (an)n∈N est pour tout h ∈ N périodique modulo p à partir d’un certain rang (ou de manière équivalente, que la suite (an)n∈N satisfait pour tout h ∈ N une récurrence linéaire modulo p à partir d’un certain rang) si et seulement si sa série génératrice Y = ∑
Biomarkers of the cholinergic and dopaminergic signaling pathways in Arctic beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas): relationship to methylmercury and selenium1

There are increasing concerns about potential neurotoxicity of chronic methylmercury (MeHg) exposure in Arctic wildlife and human populations. The relationships between mercury (Hg), MeHg, inorganic Hg (iHg), and selenium (Se) exposure, and neurochemical and molecular biomarkers in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)) were characterized. Samples were collected in 2008 (n = 20) and 2010 (n = 15) in the Canadian Arctic from hunter-harvested beluga whales. Total Hg concentrations in the temporal cortex and cerebellum were 21.0 ± 22.6 mg kg−1 dry weight (dw) and 14.9 ± 18.9 mg kg−1 dw, respectively. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was predicted by MeHg and the molar ratio of total Hg to Se (Hg:Se, p < 0.05); MAO-A mRNA transcription levels were predicted by iHg and Se (p < 0.05). Muscarinic AChR binding was predicted by MeHg (p < 0.05) and Hg:Se molar ratio (p < 0.05), and mRNA transcription levels of mAChR m1 was predicted by the Hg:Se molar ratio (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the c.
Long-Term Efficacy of Nevirapine Plus Co-Formulated Abacavir/ Lamividune as Simplification Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients with Undetectable Viral Load

Background: The long-term efficacy of NVP+ABC+3TC as a simplification strategy for the treatment of HIV-1 infected patients with undetectable viral load has not been properly assessed in randomized trials. This low-cost treatment with limited renal and bone side effects must be of particular interest in this era of cost-containment urgency and also in limited resource settings. Methods: Observational study of 232 HIV1-infected patients with undetectable viral load who initiated nevirapine (NVP) + abacavir (ABC) + lamivudine (3TC). Reasons for the switching were treatment simplification (56%), renal problems (6%), osteopenia/osteoporosis (7%), hyperlipidemia (11%) and others (20%). HIV-1 viral load, CD4 cell count and fasting biochemistry profiles were determined on a routine clinical practice. The aim of the study was to evaluate long-term efficacy of this combination and its effect on renal function and lipid metabolism. Results: 232 patients had a mean follow-up of 4 years (712 patients-year). The mean increment of CD4 after 4 years was 83 cells/μL (13% from baseline). Viral load remained undetectable in all but 14 patients (6%). Triglycerides levels decreased by 10% overtime (p < 0,05). 25 patients (10,7%) stopped therapy due to NVP associated side effects; no ABC associated side-effects were observed. No changes were found in renal function or bone mineral density. Conclusions: The combination of NVP+ABC+3TC is a safe option for maintaining longterm viral suppression and immunological control, preserving renal function and improving hypertriglyceridemia.
Optimisation of Laccase Production using White Rot Fungi and Agriculture Wastes in Solid State Fermentation

Laccase has been produced in a solid state fermentation (SSF) using white rot fungi and various lignocellulosic based substrates. White rot fungi used were Marasmius sp, Trametes hirsuta, Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete crysosporium. The solid substrates employed in this research were collected from agriculture waste which were empty fruit bunches (EFB), rice straw, corn cob, and rice husk. The objective of this research was to determine the most promising fungus, the best solid substrate and the optimal conditions for the production of laccase. The results showed that Marasmius sp. on all solid substrates displayed higher laccase activity than that of any other strain of white rot fungi. Marasmius sp. and solid substrate of rice straw demonstrated the highest laccase activity of 1116.11 U/L on day 10. Three significant factors, i.e. pH, temperature and yeast extract concentration were studied by response surface method on laccase production using Marasmius sp and rice straw. The optimized conditions were pH, temperature and yeast extract concentration of 4.9, 31oC and 0.36 g/L respectively. The fermentation of Marasmius sp. in SSF on agricultural waste shows a great potential for the production of laccase.
Weighting based approach for learning resources recommendations

Personalized e-learning systems based on recommender systems refines enormous amount of data and provides suggestions on learning resources which is appealing to the learner. Although, the recommender systems depends on content based approach or collaborative filtering technique to make recommendations, these methods suffers from cold start and data sparsity problems. To overcome the limitations of the aforementioned problems, a weight based approach is proposed for better performance. The main criterion for building a personalized recommender system is to exploit useful content and provide better recommendations with minimal processing time. The proposed system is a web based client side application which uses user profiles to form neighborhoods and calculates predictions using weights. For newcomers a profile is constructed based on learning styles. The resources which might be of interest to the user are predicted from calculated predictions.
Dynamical response of Bose–Einstein condensates to oscillating gravitational fields

A description of the dynamical response of uniformly trapped Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) to oscillating external gravitational fields is developed, with the inclusion of damping. Two different effects that can lead to the creation of phonons in the BEC are identified; direct driving and parametric driving. Additionally, the oscillating gravitational field couples phonon modes, which can lead to the transition of excitations between modes. The special case of the gravitational field of a small, oscillating sphere located closely to the BEC is considered. It is shown that measurement of the effects may be possible for oscillating source masses down to the milligram scale, with a signal to noise ratio of the order of 10. To this end, noise terms and variations of experimental parameters are discussed and generic experimental parameters are given for specific atom species. The results of this article suggest the utility of BECs as sensors for the gravitational field of very small oscillating objects which may help pave the way towards gravity experiments with masses in the quantum regime.