Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TopoNet: Topology Learning for 3D Reconstruction of Objects of Arbitrary Genus

We propose a deep reinforcement learning‐based solution for the 3D reconstruction of objects of complex topologies from a single RGB image. We use a template‐based approach. However, unlike previous template‐based methods, which are limited to the reconstruction of 3D objects of fixed topology, our approach learns simultaneously the geometry and topology of the target 3D shape in the input image. To this end, we propose a neural network that learns to deform a template to fit the geometry of the target object. Our key contribution is a novel reinforcement learning framework that enables the network to also learn how to adjust, using pruning operations, the topology of the template to best fit the topology of the target object. We train the network in a supervised manner using a loss function that enforces smoothness and penalizes long edges in order to ensure high visual plausibility of the reconstructed 3D meshes. We evaluate the proposed approach on standard benchmarks such as ShapeNet, and in‐the‐wild using unseen real‐world images. We show that the proposed approach outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art in terms of the visual quality of the reconstructed 3D meshes, and also generalizes well to out‐of‐category images.
Environmental drivers organize woody plant assemblages across a cerrado vegetation mosaic in Northern Brazil

The objective was to approach a mosaic of savanna vegetation (marginal-MS and disjunct-DS areas) in Brazilian Northern Cerrado to investigate the role played by environmental drivers as determinants of community organization at a spatial scale in order to understand the divergent patterns along an environmental gradient. We analyzed spatial, edaphic, and climatic predictors across 21 tree communities of Cerrado, comprising 235 species, 154 genera and 52 families. The results suggest significant spatial dependence among assemblages, despite their functioning as independent ecological systems. They also confirmed which although the effects of the concentrations of edaphic attributes were not homogeneous, they evidenced that climatic and spatial factors were responsible for greater explanation of the data. The ordination analyzes indicated an environmental gradient with high species turnover and a mosaic of individual floras along the spatial gradient. Eight species contributed with at least 70% of the turnover among the subgroups. The most influential drivers were precipitation, thermal amplitude, elevation, latitudinal-longitudinal spatialization of the areas and aluminum content.
Textile additive manufacturing: An overview

Abstract Additive manufacturing (3D-printing) is a rapidly emerging technology grouped under the heading of Industry 4.0 and revolutionises the way products are created. One emerging area is textiles (apparel) where additive manufacturing allows the rapid fabrication of products that are not easily produced using traditional manufacturing approaches. In this review, we provide an overview of recent developments in textile additive manufacturing highlighting this exciting and rapidly growing research area and offer insights into the future perspectives of this promising and innovative technology.
A sudden and unexpected death of a spouse and the severity of symptoms of complicated grief and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Introduction: The death of a spouse is one of the most stressful events in life. A better understanding of the factors leading to difficulties in adaptation to the situation of loss in widowed people seems to be important. The main goal of the presented study is to verify the role of the circumstances of the loss of a spouse (a sudden and unexpected death) with respect to severity of the symptoms of complicated grief and post-traumatic stress disorders. Method: Fifty five widowed people participated in the study (27 of them indicated that their spouse's death occurred suddenly and unexpectedly, in the case of 28 people the loss had been anticipated). The time elapsed since death ranged from six months to 2.5 years. To measure the severity of complicated grief, the Complicated Grief Inventory by Prigerson et al. (in the Polish adaptation by Ludwikowska-Świeboda and Lachowska) was used. In order to assess the severity of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal), the Impact of Event Scale — Revised by Weiss and Marmar (in the Polish adaptation by Juczyński and Ogińska-Bulik) was used. To determine the circumstances of the spouse's death, a self-authored demographic data questionnaire was used. Results: As expected, the experience of a sudden and unexpected death is a significant predictor of the severity of complicated grief. Detailed analyses revealed that widowed people who experienced a sudden and unexpected death of their spouse are significantly more likely to be preoccupied with thinking about the deceased, experience shock and disbelief, and feel distanced from those who are important to them (compared to people who experienced an anticipated loss). They may also have a greater tendency to avoid stimuli reminding them of the deceased, experience more discomfort when recalling the deceased, and have difficulty trusting other people since their loss. A sudden and unexpected death is also a significant predictor of the severity of hyperarousal symptoms. Conclusions: Widowed people who view their spouse's death as sudden and unexpected are at a greater risk of a disruption of the grief process.
Anti‐diffusive alternate‐directions schemes for the transport of step functions

The purpose in this article is to design finite‐volume schemes on structured grids for the transport of piecewise‐constant functions (typically, indicator functions) with as low diffusion as possible. We first propose an extension of the so‐called Lagrange‐projection algorithm, or downwind scheme with an Ultrabee limiter, for the transport equation in one space dimension with a non‐constant velocity; as its constant velocity counterpart, this scheme is designed to capture the discontinuities separating two plateaus in only one cell, and is referred to as “anti‐diffusive. ” It is shown to preserve the bounds of the solution. Then, for two and three dimensional problems, we introduce a conservative alternate‐directions algorithm, an show that this latter enjoys a discrete maximum principle, provided that the underlying one‐dimensional schemes satisfy a property which may be seen as a flux limitation, possibly incorporated a posteriori in any explicit scheme. Numerical tests of this alternate‐directions algorithm are performed, with a variety of one‐dimensional embedded schemes including the anti‐diffusive scheme developed here and the so called THINC scheme. The observed numerical diffusion is indeed very low. With the anti‐diffusive scheme, the above‐mentioned a posteriori limitation is necessary to preserve the solution bounds, but, in the performed tests, does not introduce any visible additional diffusion.
Physicochemical Properties and Mouthfeel in Commercial Plant-Based Yogurts

There is a growing need for plant-based yogurts that meet consumer demands in terms of texture. However, more research is required to understand the relationship between physicochemical and mouthfeel properties in plant-based yogurts. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of five commercial plant-based yogurt alternatives with different chemical compositions, making comparisons to dairy yogurts and thick, creamy, thin, and watery mouthfeel sensations. The physicochemical parameters studied included large and small deformation rheology, particle size, soluble solids, acidity, and chemical composition. Significant differences in flow behavior and small deformation rheology were found between dairy- and plant-based yogurts. Among plant-based yogurts thick, creamy, thin, and watery mouthfeel sensations were strongly associated with steady shear rates and apparent viscosity. The results highlight the importance of large deformation rheology to advance the use of plant-based ingredients in the development of yogurt alternatives. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that dairy- and plant-based yogurts with a similar mouthfeel profiles may have different viscoelastic properties, which indicates that instrumental and sensory methods should not be considered substitutive but complementary methods when developing plant-based yogurts in a cost-effective and timely manner.
Spatial variability of global lake evaporation regulated by vertical vapor pressure difference

Evaporation (E) from about 300 million lakes worldwide without plant physiological constraints directly reflects hydrological response to atmospheric forcings. However, it remains inadequately understood about what regulate spatial variability of global lake E across seasons. Here we show that vertical vapor pressure difference ( eD ) accounts for 66% of the spatial variability of annual E, followed by wind speed (16%). The eD is also the predominant factor modulating diurnal variability in E and causing greater E at night than during the daytime. As a consequence, spatial variability in nighttime E strongly regulates that in global E across seasons. Therefore, the observed widespread, heterogeneous changes in lake surface temperature that imply spatial variability in eD may have contributed to changes in global E variability.
Functional analysis of the ScAG and ScAGL11 MADS-box transcription factors for anthocyanin biosynthesis and bicolour pattern formation in Senecio cruentus ray florets

Abstract Cineraria (Senecio cruentus) is an ornamental plant with pure colour and bicolour cultivars, widely used for landscaping. Anthocyanin biosynthesis influences coloration patterns in cineraria. However, how anthocyanins accumulate and distribute in cineraria is poorly understood. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis and bicolour formation in cineraria using pure colour and bicolour cultivars. Transcriptome and gene expression analysis showed that five genes, ScCHS2, ScF3H1, ScDFR3, ScANS, and ScbHLH17, were inhibited in the white cultivar and colourless regions of bicolour cultivars. In contrast, two MADS-box genes, ScAG and ScAGL11, showed significantly higher expression in the colourless regions of bicolour cultivars. ScAG and ScAGL11 were localized in the nucleus and co-expressed with the bicolour trait. Further functional analysis verified that ScAG inhibits anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). However, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiments showed that silencing of ScAG and ScAGL11 increases anthocyanin content in cineraria leaves. Similar results were observed when ScAG and ScAGL11 were silenced in the cineraria capitulum, accompanied by the smaller size of the colourless region, specifically in the ScAG/ScAGL11-silenced plants. The expression of ScCHS2, ScDFR3, and ScF3H1 increased in silenced cineraria leaves and capitulum. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments demonstrated that ScAG interacts with ScAGL11. Moreover, ScAG directly inhibited the transcription of ScF3H1 while ScAGL11 inhibited ScDFR3 expression by binding to their promoters separately. The findings reported herein indicate that ScAG and ScAGL11 negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in cineraria ray florets, and their differential expression in ray florets influences the bicolour pattern appearance.
Molecular Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Strategies of Ketamine-Related Cystitis

Simple Summary Ketamine, an N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, acts as a quick-acting and general anesthetic for human and animal anesthesia. In recent years, ketamine has been widely abused among young people and commonly abused in combination with other drugs. Continued use of ketamine will damage mental status and cognitive function. Some abusers will suffer from ketamine-related cystitis (KC) and experienced severe lower urinary tract symptoms, such as frequent urination, hematuria, urinary incontinency, and bladder pain. The etiology of KC is still uncertain and therefore no definite treatment has been established. This review article focuses on current evidence of molecular pathophysiology and possible therapies for KC. Abstract Ketamine was first synthesized as a clinical medicine for anesthesia in 1970. It has been used as a recreational drug because of its low cost and hallucination effect in the past decade. Part of ketamine abusers may experience ketamine-related cystitis (KC) and suffer from lower urinary tract symptoms, including urinary frequency, urgency, and severe bladder pain. As the disease progression, a contracted bladder, petechial hemorrhage of the bladder mucosa, and ureteral stricture with hydronephrosis may occur. The pathophysiology of KC is still uncertain, although several hypotheses have been raised. Cessation of ketamine abuse is critical for the management of KC to prevent progressive disease, and effective treatment has not been established. Research has provided some theoretical bases for developing in vitro experiments, animal models, and clinical trials. This review summarized evidence of molecular mechanisms of KC and potential treatment strategies for KC. Further basic and clinical studies will help us better understand the mechanism and develop an effective treatment for KC.
The Effect of Comprehensive Teaching Learning-Based Training on Social Skills and Attitudes

The study purpose was to determine the effect of a comprehensive teaching learning-based training model on the skills and social attitudes of young football players. Materials and methods. This is an experimental study with a sample of 36 male football athletes aged 10-12 years. Samples are players who registered and trained at the Real Madrid Foundation Yogyakarta football school. Samples attended training with a frequency of 3x/week with a minimum attendance of 80% in 20 weeks and were selected to participate in district or provincial football competitions. The instrument used for measuring football technical skills was the David Lee test, and for social attitudes the Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Sport Scale (PABSS) questionnaire was used. The data analysis technique was the paired sample t-test. Results. The results showed that the comprehensive teaching learning-based training model affected the skills and social attitudes of young football players. In the 10 year age group, there was an influence on skills of 1.497 and social behavior of 2.750, which means that it is influential. In the 11 year age group, it was found that the effect on skills was 0.506 and social behavior was -2.812, which means that there was no effect on social behavior. In the 12 year age group, it was found that the effect on skills was 0.19 and social behavior was 1.148, which meant that it affected. Conclusions. Young football coaches can make a comprehensive teaching learning-based training model as a choice of strategies in the development of performance skills and personality.
Atomistic Simulation of Lysozyme in Solutions Crowded by Tetraethylene Glycol: Force Field Dependence

The behavior of biomolecules in crowded environments remains largely unknown due to the accuracy of simulation models and the limited experimental data for comparison. Here we chose a small crowder of tetraethylene glycol (PEG-4) to investigate the self-crowding of PEG-4 solutions and molecular crowding effects on the structure and diffusion of lysozyme at varied concentrations from dilute water to pure PEG-4 liquid. Two Amber-like force fields of Amber14SB and a99SB-disp were examined with TIP3P (fast diffusivity and low viscosity) and a99SB-disp (slow diffusivity and high viscosity) water models, respectively. Compared to the Amber14SB protein simulations, the a99SB-disp model yields more coordinated water and less PEG-4 molecules, less intramolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs), more protein–water HBs, and less protein–PEG HBs as well as stronger interactions and more hydrophilic and less hydrophobic contacts with solvent molecules. The a99SB-disp model offers comparable protein–solvent interactions in concentrated PEG-4 solutions to that in pure water. The PEG-4 crowding leads to a slow-down in the diffusivity of water, PEG-4, and protein, and the decline in the diffusion from atomistic simulations is close to or faster than the hard sphere model that neglects attractive interactions. Despite these differences, the overall structure of lysozyme appears to be maintained well at different PEG-4 concentrations for both force fields, except a slightly large deviation at 370 K at low concentrations with the a99SB-disp model. This is mainly attributed to the strong intramolecular interactions of the protein in the Amber14SB force field and to the large viscosity of the a99SB-disp water model. The results indicate that the protein force fields and the viscosity of crowder solutions affect the simulation of biomolecules under crowding conditions.
A Wind Tunnel Investigation of a Thin Aerofoil with a Sharp Leading Edge, and Blowing Applied at the Mid-Chord at Two Angles Relative to the Surface

Summary Experiments have been made on a thin two-dimensional aerofoil with sharp leading edge and with a jet blowing through a mid-chord slot on the upper surface in order to control the boundary layer and circulation around it. The measurements were made at low Mach number. The effect of changing the angle of blowing was studied in anticipation that this would help to control the leading edge separation bubble. It transpired that variation of the blowing angle caused little change in lift coefficient but produced an appreciable change in moment coefficient. A low pressure separation bubble was formed downstream of the slot with the jet discharging at an angle and subsequently re-attaching to the surface. This reduced the nose-up pitching moment about the quarter-chord point. The experimental results are in fair agreement with the “jet-flap” and jet entrainment theory.
Physicochemical Characterization and Biological Properties of Pine Honey Produced across Greece

Pine honey is a honeydew honey produced in the East Mediterranean region (Greece and Turkey) from the secretions of the plant sucking insect Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius) (Coccoidea: Marchalini-dae) feeding on living parts of Pinus species. Nowadays, honeydew honey has attracted great attention due to its biological activities. The aim of this study was to study unifloral pine honey samples produced in Greece regarding their physicochemical parameters and antioxidant and antibacterial activity against five nosocomial and foodborne pathogens. These honeys showed physicochemical and microscopic characteristics within the legal limits, except for diastase activity, a parameter known to be highly variable, depending on various factors. Substantially higher levels of H2O2 were estimated compared to other types of honeydew honey, whereas protein content was similar. The total phenolic content was 451.38 ± 120.38 mg GAE/kg and antiradical activity ranged from 42.43 to 79.33%, while FRAP values (1.87 to 9.43 mmol Fe+2/kg) were in general higher than those reported in the literature. Various correlations could be identified among these parameters. This is the first attempt to investigate in depth the antibacterial activity of pine honey from Greece and correlate it with honey quality parameters. All tested honeys exerted variable but significant antibacterial activity, expressed as MIC and MBC values, comparable or even superior to manuka honey for some tested samples. Although honey antibacterial activity is mainly attributed to hydrogen peroxide and proteins in some cases (demonstrated by elevated MICs after catalase and Proteinase K treatment, respectively), no strong correlation between the antibacterial activity and hydrogen peroxide concentration or total protein content was demonstrated in this study. However, there was a statistically significant correlation of moisture, antioxidant and antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneuomoniae, as well as antioxidant and antibacterial activity against Salmonella ser. Typhimurium. Interestingly, a statistically significant negative correlation has been observed between diastase activity and Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial activity. Overall, our data indicate multiple mechanisms of antibacterial activity exerted by pine honey.
Computation of the starting flow in a shock tunnel 2D nozzle

This paper summarizes the results obtained with a Reynolds Averaged NavierStokes solver applied to the case of the starting flow in the two-dimensional nozzle section of a shock tube and which constitutes a numerical test to assess the accuracy of the code when dealing with highly non-stationary internal flows with shock waves interactions. Since the shock-boundary layer phenomenon drives the flow separation on the nozzle flaps and turbulence plays an important role on the evolution of the structures which arise, the need of an adequate turbulence closure, as well as the temporal resolution of the flow by using a small enough time-step, makes the computations expensive. Within this framework and to drop the computing time down, the parallel implementation of the solver based on the MPI paradigm has been exploited to carry out a set of simulations with various eddy viscosity models,
THE ROLE OF MUSIC IN PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES COMMUNICATIONS: a case study on vaccination against covid-19 in Brazil

This study aimed to examine the role of music in public service communications directed at health vaccination COVID-19 in Brazil in the perception of advertising receptors. Content analysis of cultural texts from official social networks and manifestations of society and semi-structured interviews with residents of each region of the country were carried out. Music was highlighted as an effective tool for advertising public health services, influencing Brazilians of different ages, facilitating the transmission of the message, fighting fear and misinformation.
Diffuse Ultrasonic Wave-Based Damage Detection of Railway Tracks Using PZT/FBG Hybrid Sensing System

Damage detection of railway tracks is vital to ensure normal operation and safety of the rail transit system. Piezoelectric sensors, which are widely utilized to receive ultrasonic wave, may be disturbed in the railway system due to strong electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this work, a hybrid ultrasonic sensing system is proposed and validated by utilizing a lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) actuator and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor to evaluate damage conditions of the railway tracks. The conventional ultrasonic guided wave-based method utilizing direct wave to detect damages is limited by the complex data analysis procedure and low sensitivity to incipient damage. Diffuse ultrasonic wave (DUW), referring to later arrival wave packets, is chosen in this study to evaluate structural conditions of railway tracks due to its high sensitivity, wider sensing range, and easy implementation. Damages with different sizes and locations are introduced on the railway track to validate the sensitivity and sensing range of the proposed method. Two damage indices are defined from the perspective of energy attenuation and waveform distortion. The experimental results demonstrate that the DUW signals received by the hybrid sensing system could be used for damage detection of the railway tracks and the waveform-distortion-based index is more efficient than the energy-based index.