Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chains in Mooring Systems

Mooring systems of floating structures consist of long lengths of chain, rope or wire, or a combination of these elements. As part of a station-keeping system, the mooring lines have to keep the movements of the structure to a minimum. The mooring lines have to withstand the loads acting on the moored structure in addition to loads acting directly on the mooring components. If a mooring line fails, the floating structure can lose station and cause severe damage to structures and environment as well as economic losses and loss of lives. Awareness of corrosion, wear, fatigue and relevant loading conditions during design will improve the design and extend the service life of the structural components. The overall goal of this study is to find out how mooring chains work as structural components. The theory part of the report includes a study of offshore loading conditions, different types of mooring systems, causes of mooring line failure, failure detection of mooring lines and fatigue. However, there is a special focus on mooring chains. Offshore standards and recommended practices provide common chain link designs and minimum mechanical properties of links, but in order to study chain links as structural components, the stresses and strains are of importance. Normal stresses in chain links are calculated analytical using classic beam theory and curved beam theory. In addition, three-dimensional elastoplastic finite element models are applied for a more detailed investigation on the stress distribution in chain links. The presented analyses are limited to chains subjected to pure tension, although torsion and bending due to interlink friction may occur. Both stud links and studless links are analyzed in the computer program Abaqus 6.12. Mooring components as chain links enter in operation with a residual stress field created by the required proof test. However, traditional design of mooring chains does not consider the presence of residual stresses [1-3]. This study shows that residual stresses play an important role. When residual stresses are added to the operational stresses, the resulting maximum tensile stress is 3.65 and 3.30 times the nominal stress for stud links and studless links respectively. The maximum tensile stress is located at the link surface at the crown section. Such tensile stress concentrations at the surface of a material are unfavorable due to fatigue crack propagation. Both whole links and worn links are modeled with Abaqus 6.12, using solid elements. The worn links have a reduction of cross-sectional diameter of 2.6 % to 13.2 %. Wear will reduce the cross-sectional area and cause some sharp edges, but at the same time increase the contact area. The positive effects of wear seem to surpass the negative effects of wear when the wear is moderate.
Connecting Theory to Methods in Longitudinal Research

Advances in methods for longitudinal data collection and analysis have prompted a surge of research on psychological processes. However, decisions about how to time assessments are often not explicitly tethered to theories about psychological processes but are instead justified on methodological (e.g., power) or practical (e.g., feasibility) grounds. In many cases, methodological decisions are not explicitly justified at all. The disconnect between theories about processes and the timing of assessments in longitudinal research has contributed to misspecified models, interpretive errors, mixed findings, and nonspecific conclusions. In this article, we argue that higher demands should be placed on researchers to connect theories to methods in longitudinal research. We review instances of this disconnect and offer potential solutions as they pertain to four general questions for longitudinal researchers: how time should be scaled, how many assessments are needed, how frequently assessments should occur, and when assessments should happen.
An Experimental Study of Automobile Driver Characteristics and Capabilities.

An experimental program to obtain quantitative data on how drivers utilize the performance and handling properties of their vehicles has been performed. Over one hundred drivers participated in the experiment, which consisted of self-paced driving through a specially-constructed proving ground handling course several times. Continuous measurements of primary input variables (steering wheel motions and brake pedal activity) and the principal vehicle responses (speed and lateral and longitudinal accelerations) were made throughout each trial. Total time in the course and incidents of failure to maintain path were also measured. Driving techniques (e.g., hand position on the steering wheel, foot used for braking) of the subjects, who were selected to provide an appropriate representation of the driving population with respect to age, sex, and years of driving experience, were subjectively observed.
Forced, Balanced, Axisymmetric Shallow Water Model for Understanding Short-Term Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Wind Structure Changes

A minimal modeling system for understanding tropical cyclone intensity and wind structure changes is introduced: Shallow Water Axisymmetric Model for Intensity (SWAMI). The forced, balanced, axisymmetric shallow water equations are reduced to a canonical potential vorticity (PV) production and inversion problem, whereby PV is produced through a mass sink (related to the diabatic heating) and inverted through a PV/absolute–angular–momentum invertibility principle. Because the invertibility principle is nonlinear, a Newton–Krylov method is used to iteratively obtain a numerical solution to the discrete problem. Two versions of the model are described: a physical radius version which neglects radial PV advection (SWAMI-r) and a potential radius version that naturally includes the advection in the quasi-Lagrangian coordinate (SWAMI-R). In idealized numerical simulations, SWAMI-R produces a thinner and more intense PV ring than SWAMI-r, demonstrating the role of axisymmetric radial PV advection in eyewall evolution. SWAMI-R always has lower intensification rates than SWAMI-r because the reduction in PV footprint effect dominates the peak magnitude increase effect. SWAMI-r is next demonstrated as a potentially useful short-term wind structure forecasting tool using the newly added FLIGHT+ Dataset azimuthal means for initialization and forcing on three example cases: a slowly intensifying event, a rapid intensification event, and a secondary wind maximum formation event. Then, SWAMI-r is evaluated using 63 intensifying cases. Even though the model is minimal, it is shown to have some skill in short-term intensity prediction, highlighting the known critical roles of the relationship between the radial structures of the vortex inertial stability and diabatic heating rate. Because of the simplicity of the models, SWAMI simulations are completed in seconds. Therefore, they may be of some use for hurricane nowcasting to short-term (less than 24 h) intensity and structure forecasting. Due to its favorable assumptions for tropical cyclone intensification, a potential use of SWAMI is a reasonable short-term upper-bound intensity forecast if the storm intensifies.
Simple material relations handled by complicated organisation by or ’How many (organisations) does it take to change a lightbulb?’

The (biophysical, material) environment is often missing in environmental management research. In an attempt to bridge the ‘great divide’ between studies of humans and culture and studies of nature and artefacts (Latour 1993) and to better understand how organisation influences the environment, scholars exploring organising processes and their interaction with the environment got together in the Organisation for the Environment research programme. Their studies collect multiple situations relevant for environmental management (e.g., the maintenance of water supply in apartment buildings, the changing of light bulbs in a grocery store, and the reformation of water administration in Sweden). Each activity has its own organisation, yet takes place in a context of many organisations. The action (of e.g. changing a defect light bulb) is a result of a series of actions performed in a net of actors (Czarniawska 2000, 2005). Comparison of the studies has led to the introduction of new terms to facilitate discussion around organisational-environmental relationships in environmental management.
Development of a Fitness-for-Duty Assessment Battery for Recovering Dismounted Warriors

Abstract : Balance problems and dizziness are common symptoms of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Anecdotal reports from occupational and physical therapists indicate that Soldiers recovering from mTBI are experiencing balance-related difficulties with weapons utilization. The purpose of the present study is to determine the vestibular and balance-related effects of mTBI on standard marksmanship abilities, as well as the sensitivity and reliability of a new dynamic marksmanship battery in detecting the effects of mTBI. Phase 1 collected data from sixty U.S. Army Soldiers (without a history of mTBI) using USAARL's Engagement Skills Trainer 2000 weapons simulator. Test-retest reliability of the novel battery was examined as well as the battery's sensitivity to induced vestibular disruption. Phase 2 collected data from nine U.S. Army Soldiers (with a history of mTBI). While there were no significant differences between the mTBI and control group, the mTBI group performed worse in terms of accuracy and shot radius on the narrow kneeling task. Implications for return-to-duty decision making are discussed.
Increasing Software Infrastructure Dependability through a Law Enforcement Approach.

Software systems are increasingly becoming distributed, open and ubiquitous assets. While open system components are often autonomous, they behave unpredictably when unforeseen situations arise. Taming this uncertainty is a key issue for dependable open software development. This work proposes a law enforcement approach that uses risk analysis to develop dependable open systems. We present law enforcement as a suitable technique to deal with dependability requirements in open systems. Laws impose execution rules and limits, creating a boundary of tolerated component autonomy and fostering the development of trusted systems. We also show that risk analysis methods can help the assessment of dependability alternatives. The approach models dependability requirements as risks that guide the specification of laws. Laws play an essential role in the system architecture and implementation developed to enforce the laws and support the approach.
Let's Keep on Reading: User-Centered Design of an Online Book Loan System for University Students in Bandung

The demanding life nowadays limits people from doing their hobbies in their spare time, including reading books. Borrowing books from a book loan center is a common practice in Indonesia. However d ue to the limited time, people go less often to such book loan centers. The rise of internet and mobile technologies facilitates people to easily bo rrow books online, without having to go physically to the book loan center. Th erefore, it is necessary for every book loan center nowadays to provide a user-f riendly online book loan system for its members. The aim of this research is to design a user-friendly application to borrow books online for Taman Bacaan Gubuk Dongeng, a book loan center located near Parahyangan Catholic University in Bandung. The majority of its customers are university studen ts who like reading but have limited time due to their busy schedule. A num ber of user-centered design activities were conducted from identifying u ser requirements, generating design concepts through a design workshop, refining the selected design concept, prototyping, to evaluating the prot otype. As primary users, university students were highly involved in the des ign process. The design workshop resulted in five design concepts from whic h one final concept was selected, further refined and developed to a low-fi delity prototype. The evaluation showed that the application has successf ully met the user needs and user-friendly criteria.
OPTIMIZATION-BASED CONSTITUTIVE PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION FROM SPARSE TAYLOR CYLINDER DATA

The classic Taylor impact test imparts temporally and spatially varying fields of strain, strain rate, and temperature through the specimen. It is possible to exploit this complexity to directly identify constitutive model parameters from the deformed shape of the specimen. Where prior investigators have employed various mathematical fitting methods to identify or improve strength model parameters from Taylor cylinder profiles, we extend the method to employ a multi-objective genetic optimization algorithm to minimize the cylinder profile errors simultaneously on three cylinders impacted at different velocities. No experimental data other than the three Taylor cylinders is employed in developing the constitutive model parameter set, and generic starting coefficients are employed. To validate the accuracy of the resulting coefficients, both split Hopkinson pressure bar and axisymmetric expanding ring tests were conducted and compared to the resultant Johnson-Cook strength model. The derived strength model agreed well with experimental data available to date. Further work is necessary to evaluate the range of rates and temperatures over which parameters derived by this method may be applied.
A simple O-shaped cylinder fiber laser without inter-cladding-power-strippers

We proposed a simple O-shaped cylinder all-fiber-integrated laser without inter-cladding-power-strippers (CPS) based on a quasi-bidirectional pumping scheme. The fiber grooves were inscribed on the outside of an O-shaped aluminium cylinder with both straight and curved tracks. The curved track with a diameter of 10 cm could suppress the high order modes and keep a stable beam quality with the increases of output power, while the straight parts improve the robustness for fusion points and unpackaged optical components. The simplified configuration of no CPS between the oscillator and the amplifier could also improve the total efficiency. The output power, the optical-to-optical efficiency, the beam quality, and the Raman suppression are systematically investigated. It is verified that this design introduces a practical way to simultaneously improve the transverse mode instability (TMI) and SRS thresholds in a high-power fiber laser system with a simple configuration and high efficiency.
Rediscovering Artaud's sonic order

This article describes some of Antonin Artaud’s ideas concerning the use of sound and space that helped to shape the music for the piece To have done with the judgment of Artaud. The different levels of sonic relationships explored in the piece are explained, considering the use of glossolalia texts as the main driving force to integrate the recorded sound of Artaud’s voice with the voices of performers on stage. In the second part of the article the spatial design created for the production is discussed in detail with examples of different levels of spatial relationships developed using mobile sound sources related to a variety of choreographed movements. In the last part of the article further developments of the work are outlined, considering the use of a wireless loudspeaker system as the basis for a spatial design in which the sounds of mobile sources can be effectively controlled and integrated into the action on stage.
Antioxidant compounds extraction from coffee husks: the influence of solvent type and ultrasound exposure time

Coffee husk can be removed from the grain mainly by two different ways: the wet method and the dry method. Aiming to add value to the by-products of the coffee agroindustry, we analyzed the antioxidant properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of coffee husks obtained from the two different methods. The production of the extract followed a rotational central composite design, varying the ethanol proportion and the ultrasound exposure time in between. The results of the experimental planning were: extract volume yield; total phenolic compound and antioxidant activity expressed by the DPPH and FRAP methods. Mathematical models were constructed using the significant parameters for each response, and its predictive capacity was evaluated through an analysis of variance of the regression. Better results were found in extracts from husk obtained by the dry method using solvent in a proportion of 40-50% (v v -1 ) ethanol to 40-60 min. of ultrasound exposure.
Numerical Simulation of Interacting Bodies with Delays; Application to Marine Seismic Source Arrays.

This master thesis has looked at numerical simulation of interacting bodies with delays, especially the situation involving interacting airguns in seismic source arrays. The equations describing the airguns have been derived and the interaction between the airguns has been studied. The resulting delay differential equations have been solved with methods that handle step sizes larger than the delays. The accuracy and efficiency of these methods have been investigated, and compared with Matlab solvers.
Steep Turn On/Off "Green" Tunnel Transistors

Author(s): Patel, Pratik Ashvin | Advisor(s): Hu, Chenming | Abstract: Scaling of supply voltage Vdd has significantly slowed down since the 130 nm node. As a result, integrated circuit (IC) power consumption has been on the rapid rise. This presents a serious thermal management challenge and potential limiter of integration density as well as a rapidly growing portion of the world electricity demand. The problem lies in the 60 mV/dec swing limitation of any device involving charge flow over energy barrier (i.e., current state of art CMOS). This requires at least 60 mV to decrease the transistor current by 10X. The future low power or "green" energy efficient scenario would benefit from a device that is friendlier to Vdd scaling. A transistor where carriers tunnel through rather than flow over a barrier is not subject to this limitation. However, achieving sub 60 mV/dec at current ranges of interest and over many decades is not trivial when relying solely on transmission probability modulation (i.e., increase/decrease of tunnel barrier width). Instead, if the absence/presence of tunneling state overlap is exploited a sharp "off" to "on" transition is achievable. By engineering the transistor device structure such that this overlap (i.e., onset of tunneling) occurs in a region of high electric field results in steep sub 60 mV/dec response over many decades of current. One novel design utilizes heavily doped, ultra shallow N+/P+ junctions to achieve this "sudden tunneling overlap" effect. Another design involves use of ultra thin body silicon-on-insulator (5 nm) to achieve a similar effect. Simulation results show sub 500 mV Vdd is possible if suitable low-Eg material is introduced. Both designs have been fabricated in silicon and their measurement results are presented.
Advances in dynamical modeling and control of underwater robotic vehicles

This talk reports recent advances in control and navigation of underwater vehicles for deep ocean exploration. Problems arising in the dynamical modeling, state measurement, and control of underwater vehicles will be discussed. A family of stable model-based adaptive control laws for the problem of trajectory tracking will be reported. Experiments evaluating the performance of these approaches with the Johns Hopkins University Remotely Operated Vehicle (JHU ROV) will be reviewed. Finally, recent deployments in the Pacific Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea will be reported.
Propagation of vortex Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams in a gradient-index medium

Based on the Huygens–Fresnel diffraction integral, the analytical expression for a vortex Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beam (vHChGB) propagating in a gradient-index medium (GIM) is derived. From the obtained expression, the evolution of the intensity and the phase distributions of the vHChGB through GIM are analyzed numerically as a function of the gradient-index parameter $$\beta$$ β and under the change of the incident beam parameters. The results show that the output beam evolves periodically versus the propagation distance, and the period of the self-repetition slows down as the parameter $$\beta$$ β is increased. It is found that the self-repetition of the intensity and phase distributions of the field in GIM is altered by the incident beam parameters. The results obtained may be beneficial for applications in fiber communications and beam shaping.
Vitality of Plants Through Coronas of Fruits and Leaves

We recorded coronas of apple tree leaves and fruits in order to verify and compare their vitality under different conditions. The results of our study show that coronas of leaves and fruits give useful information about the health status of plants and about the sort, however, we were not able to extract any useful information to differentiate between organically and conventionally grown plants.
Source Information Affects Interpretations of the News across Multiple Age Groups in the United States

People have access to more news from more sources than ever before. At the same time, they increasingly distrust traditional media and are exposed to more misinformation. To help people better distinguish real news from “fake news,” we must first understand how they judge whether news is real or fake. One possibility is that people adopt a relatively effortful, analytic approach, judging news based on its content. However, another possibility—consistent with psychological research—is that people adopt a relatively effortless, heuristic approach, drawing on cues outside of news content. One such cue is where the news comes from: its source. Beliefs about news sources depend on people’s political affiliation, with U.S. liberals tending to trust sources that conservatives distrust, and vice versa. Therefore, if people take this heuristic approach, then judgments of news from different sources should depend on political affiliation and lead to a confirmation bias of pre-existing beliefs. Similarly, political affiliation could affect the likelihood that people mistake real news for fake news. We tested these ideas in two sets of experiments. In the first set, we asked University of Louisiana at Lafayette undergraduates (Experiment 1a n = 376) and Mechanical Turk workers in the United States (Experiment 1a n = 205; Experiment 1b n = 201) to rate how “real” versus “fake” a series of unfamiliar news headlines were. We attributed each headline to one of several news sources of varying political slant. As predicted, we found that source information influenced people’s ratings in line with their own political affiliation, although this influence was relatively weak. In the second set, we asked Mechanical Turk workers in the United States (Experiment 2a n = 300; Experiment 2b n = 303) and University of Louisiana at Lafayette undergraduates (Experiment 2b n = 182) to watch a highly publicized “fake news” video involving doctored footage of a journalist. We found that people’s political affiliation influenced their beliefs about the event, but the doctored footage itself had only a trivial influence. Taken together, these results suggest that adults across a range of ages rely on information other than news content—such as how they feel about its source—when judging whether news is real or fake. Moreover, our findings help explain how people experiencing the same news content can arrive at vastly different conclusions. Finally, efforts aimed at educating the public in combatting fake news need to consider how political affiliation affects the psychological processes involved in forming beliefs about the news.