Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance, carcass and ruminal fermentation characteristics of heifers fed concentrates differing in energy level and cereal type (corn vs. wheat)

A total of 144 beef heifers (218 ± 26.4 kg body weight) were housed in 24 pens (6 animals each) and used in a 168-day feedlot study to evaluate the influence of cereal type and energy level on performance, carcass quality and ruminal fermentation. Four concentrates were formulated according to a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments, with two energy levels (1,452 vs. 1,700 kcal net energy/kg) and two main cereals (wheat vs. corn). Concentrate and straw were offered ad libitum . Concentrate intake and body weight were recorded on days 42, 84, 126 and 168. Ruminal fluid was obtained by ruminocentesis from 3 heifers per pen on days 1, 84 and 168; and carcass weight, classification and yield, were determined in the same animals. Heifers fed high-energy diets had lower intake (6.97 vs. 7.29 kg fresh matter/d; p =0.011), and lower concentrate to gain ratio (5.15 vs. 5.66 kg/kg; p =0.002) than those fed low energy concentrates, and tended ( p =0.069) to be heavier along the time. Neither carcass yield and classification, nor ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids nor NH 3 -N concentrations were affected ( p >0.050) by energy level. Total volatile fatty acids concentration tended ( p =0.070) to be greater in heifers fed corn-based than wheat-based concentrates. No energy level x cereal type interactions were observed. These results indicate that high energy concentrates decreased feed intake and feed conversion but had minor effects on carcass performance. Cereal type had no effects on performance and ruminal fermentation and no interactions between cereal type and energy were detected.
Linking Offence Histories to Accident Causation Using OTS Data

This research project explores the links between offence histories and accident involvement of over 2000 active road users (ARUs) whose accident data were collected by TRL On The Spot (OTS) researchers between October 2003 and March 2010. The first part of the research matched ARUs from the OTS database onto the DVLA, PNC or Voters' databases. Matches were found for 87% of ARUs, with 47% of these having a previous offence on either the DVLA or PNC database (or both). The most common general offence type found was for summary motoring and the most common motoring offence type was for speed limit offences. Of the matched ARUs, 40% who were considered to be at fault in the OTS recorded accident were found to have an offence history compared to 31% of those who were not considered to be at fault. Similarly, those ARUs who had drink and drug driving offences were more likely to be at fault in the accident, as were those who had a drugs related general offence. This suggests that more work could be done to target individuals who engage in drink and/or drug driving, perhaps through Think! campaigns. HGV drivers had the highest percentage of both DVLA and PNC offences, followed by LGV drivers. The results related to road user type suggest that work could be done with fleet managers from companies to monitor and manage offence histories of their HGV and LGV drivers. Examples of ways in which this could be done might include advising on whether adequate checks are made at the recruitment stage and setting up a system for regular licence checking. Comparison of the results in the Thames Valley region to a parallel report written by VSRC on the Nottinghamshire region generally found similar trends in offending.
Glaring invisibility: dressing the body of the female cleaner

The paper explores how the uniform of a group of female cleaners appears to be more than an abstract object framed by the practical exegetics of work. The uniform is seen as acting as a material exercise of discretionary and disciplinary power of inscription, and as the paper shows, emerges as a mode by which the cleaners are homogenously objectified and plastically turned into ‘subjects’ (Foucault 1982). The paper shows too that while the single layered cleaners' uniform can be seen as disciplining the body and stripping down the complex multi-layers of their personality and attempting to naturalise their status as cleaners, the women's narratives reveal their attempts to destabilise this conscription, if only outside the spatial and organisational domain of the work space.
Simulation analysis of cooling methods of an on‐board organic Rankine cycle exhaust heat recovery system

Energy saving and emission reduction of engines were taken seriously, especially for vehicular diesel engines. Exhaust heat recovery based on organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system has been considered as an effective approach for improving engine fuel economy. This article presents the investigation of water or air cooling method for an ORC exhaust heat recovery system on a heavy‐duty truck through simulations. The models of the truck engine and the ORC system were developed in GT suite, and the integration system model was developed in the Simulink environment. The validity of the models was verified experimentally. The performance of the vehicular engine with ORC system using water or air cooling method was comparatively analyzed. The simulation results indicated that the water cooling method is more suitable for the vehicular ORC system than air cooling method. The relation between benefit and penalty of the ORC system and cooling system was discussed. The operating condition of the cooling system was confirmed having significant effects on the combined system performance, especially the fan speed. The performance improvement of the engine with the use of ORC system was further evaluated under different engine operating conditions and ambient temperatures. Lower ambient temperature had positive effects on the engine fuel economy. The mass flow rate of exhaust gas for heat recovery should be regulated for better performance under high ambient temperature.
Biochemical and genetic characteristics of suspension-cultured mussels (Mytilus edulis) in relation to byssal thread production and losses by fall-off

Mussel culture relies on the mussel self-attachment capacity through byssus production. By doing so, no cages or containment devices are needed. It has been previously suggested that thread production requires a non- negligible part of the energy expenditure in blue mussels Mytilus edulis. Therefore our work investigates the relation- ships between byssal thread production, mussels energetic reserves and phospholipids profiles in the foot. The relation- ship between thread production and heterozygosity was also examined. The study was realized in a small lagoon of the Iles-de-la-Madeleine, southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada, on four sampling dates between June and September en- compassing the pre- to post-spawning periods. Our results show a significant relationship between the thread numbers and attachment strength. However, no correlations were found between energy reserves, phospholipids composition of the foot or heterozygosity level and byssal production. Our results suggest that mussels in suspension culture in this lagoon were not energy-limited so that the energy reserves did not influence the byssal thread production.
On invariant measures for B-free systems

We show that the B-free subshift (S;XB) associated to a B-free system is intrinsically ergodic, i.e. it has exactly one measure of maximal entropy. Moreover, we study invariant measures for such systems. It is proved that each ergodic invariant measure is of joining type, determined by a joining of the Mirsky measure of a B 0 -free subshift contained in (S;XB) and an ergodic invariant measure of the full shift on f0;1g Z . Moreover, each ergodic joining type measure yields a measure-theoretic dynamical system with infinite rational part of the spectrum corresponding to the above Mirsky measure. Finally, we show that, in general, hereditary systems may not be intrinsically ergodic. MSC: 37B10; 37B40,37A05,37A35,37A45,11K65
Scintillation light read-out by low-gain thin avalanche photodiodes in silicon wells

We have proposed a new type of /spl gamma/-ray camera, which takes advantage of micromachining technology. It consists of an array of scintillator crystals encapsulated in well-type silicon sensors. The light created by the interaction of an X-ray or a gamma ray with the crystal material is confined by vertical silicon sidewalls and collected onto the avalanche photodiode at the bottom of the well. Several parameters of the photodiode need to be optimised: uniformity and efficiency of the light detection, gain, electronic noise and breakdown voltage. In order to evaluate these parameters we have processed 3*3 arrays of 1.8 mm/sup 2/, /spl sim/10 /spl mu/m thick photodiodes using [100] wafers etched in a potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. Their optical response at 675 nm is comparable to that of a 500 /spl mu/m thick silicon PIN diode.
Impact of Increased Migration Opportunity on Human Capital Accumulation of Young International Migrants: A Case of Nepal

The paper uses the recent wave of nationally represented household data to empirically test the effect of migration on two separate hypotheses: brain drain and brain gain. Both the hypothesis have been tested for skilled labor migration however, a huge gap exists for low skilled migration and its impact on human capital accumulation. The paper contributes towards adding knowledge base in existing but scarce literature on the impact of increased low skill migration opportunity and its impact on human capital accumulation. We take the number of agents present at district level as our independent variable and analyse its impact on current educational attainment of students in secondary and higher secondary level. Since completion of grade 10 is the basic requirement to be eligible to migrate to Malaysia and the Gulf, we find significant positive correlation amongst students in secondary level. An additional increase in recruiting agent in a district is likely to increases the probability of opting for grade 9 or 10 by 0.5 percentage points. Our result provides evidence of brain gain amongst secondary level students due to increased low skill migration opportunity and is statistically significant. Additionally, for the brain drain hypothesis we find that an additional increase in recruiting agent decreases the probability of opting for grade 12 and 13 by 1.9 percentage points and is statistically significant; which provides evidence of brain drain/depletion amongst higher secondary students due to increased low skill migration opportunity.
Accounting for route overlap in urban and suburban route choice decisions derived from GPS observations

Two of the most prominent factors influencing driver’s route choice behaviour in an urban or suburban environment are the large number of alternatives available to the decision-maker and the similarity between route alternatives, both caused by the high density of urban and suburban street networks. Regarding the modelling of route choice behaviour this high density influences the way the choice set is established as well as the way the overlap between route alternatives is accounted for. This paper addresses both issues for car route choice observations derived from GPS data. Different choice set generation procedures as well as choice set sizes are evaluated regarding their effect on the choice set composition and the resulting route choice models. In addition, the impact of different route attributes is investigated. The focus, however, will be put on the analysis of the similarity factors, which account for route overlap. Different formulations will be tested in order to evaluate which mechanisms are at work in car route choice in an urban or suburban context.
Hedging of Defaultable Contingent Claims using BSDE with uncertain time horizon

This article focuses on the mathematical problem of existence and uniqueness of BSDE with a random terminal time which is a general random variable but not a stopping time, as it has been usually the case in the previous literature of BSDE with random terminal time. The main motivation of this work is a financial or actuarial problem of hedging of defaultable contingent claims or life insurance contracts, for which the terminal time is a default time or a death time, which are not stopping times. We have to use progressive enlargement of the Brownian filtration, and to solve the obtained BSDE under this enlarged filtration. This work gives a solution to the mathematical problem and proves the existence and uniqueness of solutions of such BSDE under certain general conditions. This approach is applied to the financial problem of hedging of defaultable contingent claims, and an expression of the hedging strategy is given for a defaultable contingent claim or a life insurance contract.
Not All Income Is the Same to Everyone: Cognitive Ability and the House Money Effect in Public Goods Games

The provision of public goods often suffers from a social dilemma generating too little contributions. Yet, it remains an open question how positive contributions materialise. Existing studies suggest that individuals' decisions on how much to contribute depend on cognitive skills. Furthermore, mental accounting research indicates that the source of income matters for economic decision making. I show experimentally that subjects' contributions in a one-shot linear public goods game depend on an interplay of the two factors. While a house money effect exists for subjects with low cognitive skills there is no such effect for those with high cognitive skills. My findings have important implications for taxation, redistribution, and voting behaviour, as well as past and future experiments.
Leveraging FPGAs to accelerate the query processing of SQL-based databases

With the rise of Big Data, providing highperformance query processing capabilities through the acceleration of database analytics has gained significant attention. Leveraging Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology, this approach can lead to clear benefits. In this work, we briefly introduce the design and implementation of an FPGA-based platform that enables fast query processing for database systems by melding novel database-specific accelerators with commercialoff-the-shelf (COTS) storage using modern interfaces, in a novel, unified, and a programmable environment. The proposed engine can perform a large subset of SQL queries through its set of instructions that can map compute-intensive database operations, such as filter, arithmetic, aggregate, group by, table join, or sort, on to the specialized high-throughput accelerators. To minimize the amount of SSD I/O operations required, it also supports hardware MinMax indexing for databases. We evaluated our query processing engine with five decision support queries from the TPC-H benchmark suite and achieved a speedup from 1.8X to 34.2X, in comparison to the state-of-the-art DBMS, i.e., PostgreSQL and MonetDB.
Modeling Spatiotemporal Precipitation: Effects of Density, Interpolation, and Land Use Distribution

Characterization of precipitation is critical in quantifying distributed catchment-wide discharge. The gauge network is a key driver in hydrologic modeling to characterize discharge. The accuracy of precipitation is dependent on the location of stations, the density of the network, and the interpolation scheme. Our study examines 16 weather stations in a 64 km2 catchment. We develop a weighted, distributed approach for gap-filling the observed meteorological dataset. We analyze five interpolation methods (Thiessen, IDW, nearest neighbor, spline, and ordinary Kriging) at five gauge densities. We utilize precipitation in a SWAT model to estimate discharge in lumped parameter simulations and in a distributed approach at the multiple densities (1, 16, 50, 142, and 300 stations). Gauge density has a substantial impact on distributed discharge and the optimal gauge density is between 50 and 142 stations. Our results also indicate that the IDW interpolation scheme was optimum, although the Kriging and Thiessen polygon methods produced similar results. To further examine variability in discharge, we characterized the land use and soil distribution throughout each of the subbasins. The optimal rain gauge position and distribution of the gauges drastically influence catchment-wide runoff. We found that it is best to locate the gauges near less permeable locations.
Accurate and Efficient Query Processing at Location-Based Services by using Route APIs

— Efficient query processing system provides best search results to user by gathering user point of interest. Mobile users required a Location based server (LBS) to search the spatial related data. Existing system provided route results but it takes more time to execute the query and does not gives the accurate results means traffic related travel timings. The proposed system is a fastest processer for location search users. Here, LBS obtain route travel times from online route API. So it gives the accurate results to user by preventing number route request and query execution time. We use range query algorithm to reduce the number of route request and Parallel Scheduling Techniques to reduce the query execution time. Our experimental result shows that the proposed system is more efficient than existing processer.
Genetic diversity in the foxtail millet (Setaria italica ) germplasm as determined by agronomic traits and microsatellite markers

Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. is a model plant that attracts international attention, which is the second most widely cultivated species of millet, especially in East Asia. It has the longest history of cultivation among the millets, having been grown in China since sometime in the sixth millennium BC. It also has been a main crop of the indigenous people of Taiwan for a long time. However, insufficient researches had been conducted about the foxtail millet germplasm in Taiwan. To assess the genetic diversity of millet population, a total of 324 landraces of foxtail millet were collected from around Taiwan, and four years of field researches were conducted for agronomic traits observation. The genetic diversity of the millet population was measured using 33 agronomic traits and 40 microsatellite markers. Average number of alleles (2.4), highly polymorphic information content (PIC) (0.381), observed heterozygosity (0.190) and expected heterozygosity (0.354) were shown. Thirty-five SSR markers showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in 324 landraces and all these markers had low null allele frequencies. Analysis with the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the 324 landraces could be divided into three groups that coincided with the geographical areas, including northern Taiwan, central Taiwan, and sourthern Taiwan, which account for close relationship between crop distribution and human activities. Agronomical analyses with a plant height of 80.6 to 155.2 cm, spike length of 7.5 to 28.9 cm and growth periods of between 141 and 178 days had showed that there was enough variation to create promising lines for breeding programs. This study not only provides a complete foxtail millet germplasm from Taiwan but also demonstrates that the Taiwanese foxtail millets are very diverse and can be useful for selective breeding of specific traits and in enhancing the genetic base of breeding programs in the future.
Seismic interferometry using multidimensional deconvolution and crosscorrelation for crosswell seismic reflection data without borehole sources

Crosswell reflection method is a high-resolution seismic imaging method that uses recordings between boreholes. The need for downhole sources is a restrictive factor in its application, for example, to time-lapse surveys. An alternative is to use surface sources in combination with seismic interferometry. Seismic interferometry (SI) could retrieve the reflection response at one of the boreholes as if from a source inside the other borehole. We investigate the applicability of SI for the retrieval of the reflection response between two boreholes using numerically modeled field data. We compare two SI approaches — crosscorrelation (CC) and multidimensional deconvolution (MDD). SI by MDD is less sensitive to underillumination from the source distribution, but requires inversion of the recordings at one of the receiver arrays from all the available sources. We find that the inversion problem is ill-posed, and propose to stabilize it using singular-value decomposition. The results show that the reflections from deep boundaries are retrieved very well using both the CC and MDD methods. Furthermore, the MDD results exhibit more realistic amplitudes than those from the CC method for downgoing reflections from shallow boundaries. We find that the results retrieved from the application of both methods to field data agree well with crosswell seismic-reflection data using borehole sources and with the logged P-wave velocity.
Technology and Government Effort, A Two-headed Animal within the Competitiveness Index of the Travel and Tourism Industry

Technology and social indicators as most important to tourism, give a two-headed feel to the index created to measure the industry's competitiveness. To prove their importance and multi-dimensional relationship, this study uses multivariate analysis techniques to investigate the relationship between them while focusing on three regions. The results indicate 78.1% of shared variance between the constructs alongside significant R2 effect and canonical correlation score, proving their relationship and importance. Five clusters were identified with the lower two needing improvements in both factors to positively influence tourism competitiveness. The top-performers displayed desirable scores while the middle class needed technology improvements.