Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The SOCOL version 3.0 chemistry–climate model: description, evaluation, and implications from an advanced transport algorithm

Abstract. We present the third generation of the coupled chemistry–climate model (CCM) SOCOL (modeling tools for studies of SOlar Climate Ozone Links). The most notable modifications compared to the previous model version are (1) the dynamical core has been updated with the fifth generation of the middle-atmosphere general circulation model MA-ECHAM (European Centre/HAMburg climate model), and (2) the advection of the chemical species is now calculated by a mass-conserving and shape-preserving flux-form transport scheme instead of the previously used hybrid advection scheme. The whole chemistry code has been rewritten according to the ECHAM5 infrastructure and transferred to Fortran95. In contrast to its predecessors, SOCOLvs3 is now fully parallelized. The performance of the new SOCOL version is evaluated on the basis of transient model simulations (1975–2004) with different horizontal (T31 and T42) resolutions, following the approach of the CCMVal-1 model validation activity. The advanced advection scheme significantly reduces the artificial loss and accumulation of tracer mass in regions with strong gradients that was observed in previous model versions. Compared to its predecessors, SOCOLvs3 generally shows more realistic distributions of chemical trace species, especially of total inorganic chlorine, in terms of the mean state, but also of the annual and interannual variability. Advancements with respect to model dynamics are for example a better representation of the stratospheric mean state in spring, especially in the Southern Hemisphere, and a slowdown of the upward propagation in the tropical lower stratosphere. Despite a large number of improvements model deficiencies still remain. Examples include a too-fast vertical ascent and/or horizontal mixing in the tropical stratosphere, the cold temperature bias in the lowermost polar stratosphere, and the overestimation of polar total ozone loss during Antarctic springtime.
SCA security verification on wireless sensor network node

Side Channel Attack (SCA) differs from traditional mathematic attacks. It gets around of the exhaustive mathematic calculation and precisely pin to certain points in the cryptographic algorithm to reveal confidential information from the running crypto-devices. Since the introduction of SCA by Paul Kocher et al [1], it has been considered to be one of the most critical threats to the resource restricted but security demanding applications, such as wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we focus our work on the SCA-concerned security verification on WSN (wireless sensor network). A detailed setup of the platform and an analysis of the results of DPA (power attack) and EMA (electromagnetic attack) is presented. The setup follows the way of low-cost setup to make effective SCAs. Meanwhile, surveying the weaknesses of WSNs in resisting SCA attacks, especially for the EM attack. Finally, SCA-Prevention suggestions based on Differential Security Strategy for the FPGA hardware implementation in WSN will be given, helping to get an improved compromise between security and cost.
Comparative safety and effectiveness of dabigatran vs. rivaroxaban and apixaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study from a large healthcare system

Abstract Aims We used the US Department of Defense Military Health System database to compare the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) initiating dabigatran vs. rivaroxaban or apixaban. Methods and results Two cohorts of adults with NVAF, newly initiated on standard-dose DOAC, were identified based on clinical approval dates: July 2011–June 2016 for dabigatran (150 mg b.i.d.) or rivaroxaban (20 mg QD) and January 2013–June 2016 for dabigatran (150 mg b.i.d.) or apixaban (5 mg b.i.d.). Propensity score matching (1:1) identified two well-balanced cohorts (dabigatran vs. rivaroxaban n = 12 763 per treatment group; dabigatran vs. apixaban n = 4802 per treatment group). In both cohorts, baseline characteristics and follow-up duration were similar between treatment groups. Patients newly initiating dabigatran had significantly lower risk of major bleeding vs. rivaroxaban [2.08% vs. 2.53%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70–0.97; P = 0.018], while stroke risk was similar (0.60% vs. 0.78%; HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.57–1.04; P = 0.084). The dabigatran vs. apixaban cohort analysis found no differences in risk of major bleeding (1.60% vs. 1.21%; HR 1.37, 95% CI 0.97–1.94; P = 0.070) or stroke (0.44% vs. 0.35%; HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.66–2.39; P = 0.489). Conclusion Among NVAF patients newly initiated on standard-dose DOAC therapy in this study, dabigatran was associated with significantly lower major bleeding risk vs. rivaroxaban, and no significant difference in stroke risk. For dabigatran vs. apixaban, the reduced sample size limited the ability to draw definitive conclusions.
Pricing Study on Two Kinds of Power Options in Jump-Diffusion Models with Fractional Brownian Motion and Stochastic Rate

In this paper, under the assumption that the exchange rate follows the extended Vasicek model, the pricing of the reset option in FBM model is investigated. Some interesting themes such as closed-form formulas for the reset option with a single reset date and the phenomena of delta of the reset jumps existing in the reset option during the reset date are discussed. The closed-form formulae of pricing for two kinds of power options are derived in the end.
Synthesis of 3-uoro-oxindoles and phenyl uoroacetic acid derivatives HARSANYI

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MAPPING OF HIGHLY HETEROGENEOUS URBAN STRUCTURE TYPE FOR FLOOD VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

Abstract. Vulnerability plays an important role in risk assessment. For flood vulnerability assessment, the map and characteristics of elements-at-risk at different scales are strongly required depending on the risk and vulnerability assessment requirements. This study proposes a methodology to classify urban structure type by combining object-based image classification and different high resolution remote sensing data. In this study, a high resolution satellite image and LiDAR have been acquired over Kota Bharu, Kelantan which consists of highly heterogeneous urban structure type (UST) classes. The first stage is data pre-processing that includes orthorectification and pansharpening of Geoeye satellite image, image resampling for normalised Digital Surface Model (nDSM) and followed by image segmentation for creating meaningful objects. The second stage comprises of derivation of image features, generation of training and testing datasets, and classification of UST. The classification was based on three types of machine learning classifiers, i.e. Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Classification and Regression Tree (CART). The results obtained from the classification processes were compared using individual omission and commission error, overcall accuracy and Kappa coefficient. The results show that Random Forest classifier with all image features achieved the highest overall accuracy (93.5%) and Kappa coefficient (0.94). This is followed by CART classifier with overall accuracy of 93.7% and Kappa coefficient of 0.92. Finally, SVM classifier produced the lowest overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient with 88.6% and 0.86, respectively. The UST classification result can be further used to assist detailed building characterisation for large scale flood vulnerability assessment.
Scaling Up for the Industrial Production of Rifamycin B Fed-Batch Production Mode in Shake Flasks and Bench-Scale Fermentor

The production of rifamycin B using the gene amplified variant of Amycolatopsis mediterranei (NCH) was initially optimized in shake flasks through medium modifications and fed-batch addition of uracil. The yield was increased by 21.7% (from 11.7 to 14.3 g/l) when F2m1 medium was used. The production was further verified and optimized in fedbatch- mode in a laboratory fermentor using F2m3 medium and the optimized conditions (agitation 500 rpm, aeration; 1.5 for 3 days then control DO at 30% thereafter, pH; 6.5 for 3 days then 7 thereafter and control temperature at 28°C). Fed-batching of glucose syrup (5% v/v at day 3) and glucose (1% at days 6 and 8) increased the yield from 17.8 to 20.9 g/l (17.3%) at day 10. A yield of upto 20 g/l was recorded when 0.1% uracil was fed-batched at day 2. Integration of the most optimum conditions for fed-batching glucose syrup, glucose and uracil further increased the yield from 17.8 to 24.8 g/l (39%) in 10 days. The overall optimization of rifamycin B production increased the yield almost 2 folds. Statistical analysis revealed that there is a significant increase in rifamycin B production by using One-Way ANOVA at p<0.05 in all the tested fed-batch addition regimes.
Local circles in a circular economy: - the case of smartphone repair in Denmark

Abstract Circular economy has gained increasing attention the last decade, and more often the main focus is on the large global circles addressing recycling of materials rather than the “inner circles” that address maintenance/repair and reuse. In this article we investigate one such inner circle ofthe circular economy namely repair of smartphones which extends the lifetime of products and adds to a local economy. Local repair of smartphones has increased in the resent years in Denmark. These loop-closing businesses not only extend the useful lifetime of smartphones; they also entail both environmental benefits and economic value creation. We map the extent ofthe repair sector and investigate the drivers and barriers for its emergence. The study builds on desk studies for identification of repair companiesand telephone interviews with 33 out of 90 identified companies. The mapping of the businessesshows that the repair of smartphones constitute viable business opportunities, and that the main driversarerelated to the economic business potentials as well as motivated entrepreneurs who spot a market potential.The study concludes that the local circular economy within smartphone repair is due to large consumer willingness-to-pay for repair and maintenance services, and this can extend the lifetime of the smartphones. There are some special characteristics that limit the possibility to apply the results directly to other product groups, but further analysis of how to facilitate repair shops within other product groups are interesting in order to facilitate the development of local circles in a circular economy not only in Denmark but also in other countries. Keywords : Circular economy; Smartphone;Repair; Remanufacturing.
Single Measurement of Figures

We introduce a new approach in dealing with pattern recognition issue. Recognizing a pattern is definitely not the exploration of a new discovery but rather the search for already known patterns. In reading for example the same text written in a hand writing, letters can appear in different shapes. Still, the text decoding corresponds with interpreting the large variety of hand writings shapes with fonts. Quantum mechanics also offer a kind of interpretation tool. Although, with the superposition principle it is possible to compose an infinite number of states, yet, an observer by conducting a measurement reduces the number of observed states into the predetermined basis states. Not only that any state collapses into one of the basis states, quantum mechanics also possesses a kind of correction mechanism in a sense that if the measured state is “close enough” to one of the basis states, it will collapse with high probability into this predetermined state. Thus, we can consider the collapse mechanism as a reliable way for the observer to interpret reality into his frame of concepts. Both interpretation ideas, pattern recognition and quantum measurement are integrated in this paper to formulate a quantum pattern recognition measuring procedure.
Anticipating Adulthood: Expected Timing of Work and Family Transitions Among Rural youth

This study examined family and individual processes influencing the future expectancies of adolescents (N = 345) from an economically stressed rural community. The anticipated timing and sequencing of key role transitions (school completion, job entry, marriage, and parenthood) were examined for each gender. In addition, factors contributing to individual differences in expected timing were examined, and gender differences in predictors were tested. Results indicated that rural adolescents' expectancies about adult role transitions diverged somewhat from societal norms with respect to timing. Family background and relationships, adolescents' attitudes and behaviors, and educational aspirations all contributed to individual differences in expected timing, with somewhat different factors being salient for boys and girls. These findings provide clues to the psychological processes linking adolescent experiences to the construction of the adult life course.
Ab initio formulation of the four-point conductance of interacting electronic systems

We derive an expression for the four-point conductance of a general quantum junction in terms of the density response function. Our formulation allows us to show that the four-point conductance of an interacting electronic system possessing either a geometrical constriction and/or an opaque barrier becomes identical to the macroscopically measurable two-point conductance. Within time-dependent density-functional theory the formulation leads to a direct identification of the functional form of the exchange-correlation kernel that is important for the conductance. We demonstrate the practical implementation of our formula for a metalvacuum-metal interface.
Development of an evanescent optical integrated sensor in the mid-infrared for detection of pollution in groundwater or seawater

The detection of molecules dissolved in liquid medium can be envisaged by means of an optical integrated sensor operating in middle infrared range. The intended sensor is composed of a cladding and a guiding selenide sputtered layers transparent in middle infrared. Hence, Ge-SbSe thin films were selected in view of tailored refractive index contrast, successfully deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering and characterized. To maximize the evanescent field at a wavelength of 7.7 μm, a suitable selenide waveguide allowing measuring the optical transmitted power was designed by performing computer simulations based on the effective index method enabling single-mode propagation for a waveguide width between 8 and 12 μm. Selenide sputtered films were micro-patterned using reactive ion etching with inductively coupled plasma process. Finally, optical waveguide surface was functionalized by the deposition of a hydrophobic polymer, which will permit detection of organic molecules in water.
Test Items in the Complete and Short Forms of the BOT-2 that Contribute Substantially to Motor Performance Assessments in Typically Developing Children 6-10 Years of Age

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the magnitude of association between individual subtest items of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2), and the respective total subtest scores and to review items on the BOT-2 Short Form. Background: The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2), is a test used to measure gross motor proficiency in both typically developing children and children with developmental disabilities between the ages of four and twenty-one. The BOT-2 Short Form consists of fourteen test items proportionally selected from the subtests of the Complete Form. It can be used as a screening tool and takes less time to administer. Methods and Measures: A convenience sample of forty-four children (twenty-one male, twenty-three Female; six to ten years), who were enrolled at a Midwestern elementary school, participated. Data was collected in one session. The BOT-2 subtests of Manual Dexterity, Bilateral Coordination, Running Speed and Agility, and Upper Limb Coordination were administered to subjects. Subjects progressed through the subtests in random order and each subtest was graded and administered by a consistent person. Means and standard deviations were calculated for the scores on the individual subtest items. Pearson correlation tests were run to determine the magnitude of the association between the individual subtest items and the respective subtest total score; the magnitude of association was assessed to see if the items that comprise the Short Form were strongly associated with their subtest total score. Results: All items in the Manual Dexterity, Running Speed and Agility, and Upper Limb Coordination subtest were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with their overall subtest score. Two items in the Bilateral Coordination subtest were not significantly correlated with the overall subtest score, one that was included on the Short Form. Conclusions: Most items on the BOT-2 subtests administered were significantly correlated with their overall respective subtest scores. However, revisions to the short form may be needed in order to include more items that are all significantly correlated with their respective subtest scores.
TLC Analysis and GC-MS Profiling of Hexane Extract of Syzygium guineense Leaf

Introduction: Syzygium guineense leaf and bark of are used for the treatment of tuberculosis, chronic diarrhea, cough, dysentery, malaria, amenorrhea, wounds, ulcers, rheumatism and infections. Material and Method: The various compounds in the n-hexane extract of the leaf were analysed by TLC and identified by GC-MS technique. The TLC results indicated that four (4) terpenes are present in hexane extracts of the leaf of Syzygium guineense after treating TLC plates with vanillin-Conc.H2SO4. Results: The results of the GC-MS analysis revealed twelve (12) compounds in the n-hexane extract of Syzygium guineense leaf. These are 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene (2.61%), Ylangene (2.42%), decahydro-4amethyl-1-methylene-7-(1-methylethynyl)-naphthalene (γ-muurolone) (2.47%), 4-dimethyl-7-(1methylethenyl)azulene(2.06%), caryophyllene oxide(3.86%), myristic acid (2.11%), n-hexadecenoic acid (11.94%), 9-octadecanoic acid (25.72%), tetratriacontane (31.45%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2.71%), tetratriacontane (6.70%) and pentatriacontane (3.95%). These compounds fall into three classes; terpene/terpenoids, organic acids and hydrocarbons with the major compounds been the organic acids 42.48%. Hydrocarbons constituent 42.1% of the extract while only 0.38% constitute terpenes/terpenoids. Conclusion: The results of this study offer a basis of using S. guineense leaf as an alternative medicinal agent as anti-inflammatory analgesic, antipyretic and platelet-inhibitory actions.
Temperature dependent photoluminescence of organic semiconductors with varying backbone conformation

We present photoluminescence studies as a function of temperature from a series of conjugated polymers and a conjugated molecule with distinctly different backbone conformations. The organic materials investigated here are: planar methylated ladder type poly para-phenylene, semi-planar polyfluorene, and non-planar para hexaphenyl. In the longer-chain polymers the photoluminescence transition energies blue shift with increasing temperatures. The conjugated molecules, on the other hand, red shift their transition energies with increasing temperatures. Empirical models that explain the temperature dependence of the band gap energies in inorganic semiconductors can be extended to explain the temperature dependence of the transition energies in conjugated molecules.
THE STRENGTH AND DILATANCY OF SANDS

Extensive data of the strength and dilatancy of 17 sands in axisymmetric or plane strain at different densities and confining pressures are collated. The critical state angle of shearing resistance of soil which is shearing at constant volume is principally a function of mineralogy and can readily be determined experimentally within a margin of about 1°, being roughly 33° for quartz and 40° for feldspar. The extra angle of shearing of ‘dense’ soil is correlated to its rate of dilation and thence to its relative density and mean effective stress, combined in a new relative dilatancy index. The data of o′max – o′crit in triaxial or plane strain are separately fitted within a typical margin of about 2°, though the streneth of certain sands is underpredicted in the 1000–10000 kN/m2 range owing to the continued dilation of their crush-resistant grains. The practical consequences of these new correlations are assessed, with regard to both laboratory and field testing procedures. L'auteur analyse de nombreuses d.
Machine Learning Approach to Forecast Global Solar Radiation Time Series

The integration of Renewable Energy (RE) into Power Systems brings new challenges to the Smart Grids (SG) technologies. The generation output from renewable sources generally depends on the atmospheric conditions. This fact causes intermittences on the power output from renewable source, and hence the power quality of the grid is directly affected by atmospheric phenomena. The increasing advances on technologies for energy storage open a track to the Energy Management (EM). Therefore, the power output from a renewable source can be stored or dispatched in a particular time-instant in order to meet the demand. Scheduling Demand Respond (DR) action on the grid, can optimize the dispatch by reducing over generated energy wastage. The difficulty now is to ensure the availability of energy to supply into the grid by forecasting the Global Solar Radiation (GSR) on a localization where a Photovoltaic (PV) system is connected. This thesis tries to address the issue using Machine Learning (ML) techniques. This eases the generation scheduling task. The work developed on this thesis is focused on exploring ML techniques to hourly forecast GSR and optimize the dispatch of energy on a SG. The experiments present
Cartografía de la vegetación

Se expone el estado actual de la cartografia de las plantas y de la vegetacion y se presentan diferentes tipos de representacion cartografica. En primer lugar se explican los sistemas de representacion de las plantas: por puntos, en manchas y mediante una reticula. Se insiste en este ultimo sistema, actualmente muy generalizado entre los botanicos y geografos. En segundo lugar se detallan las caracteristicas principales de los mapas de vegetacion, y se comentan las tipologias mas usuales establecidas. Se insiste en la importancia en la eleccion de la escala y del establecimiento de la simbologia. A continuacion se explican otros sistemas y tecnicas cartograficas utilizadas en la representacion de la vegetacion. Se insiste en los croquis y perfiles interpretativos, los cuales facilitan al lector la comprension de la distribucion de la vegetacion a traves del espacio, y de los esquemas u organigramas de la dinamica de la vegetacion, que expresan su evolucion y los cambios a lo largo del tiempo.