Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance improvement of bilateral control systems using derivative of force

SUMMARY This paper proposes a bilateral control structure with a realization of the force derivative in the control loop. Due to the inherent noisy nature of the force signal, most teleoperation schemes can make use of only a proportional (P) control structure in the force channel of the bilateral controllers. In the proposed scheme, an α–β–γ filter is designed to smoothly differentiate the force signal obtained from a reaction force observer integrated to both of the master and slave plants. The differentiated force signal is then used in a proportional-derivative (PD) force controller working together with a disturbance observer. In order to design the overall bilateral controller, an environment model based on pure spring structure is assumed. The controller is designed to enforce an exponentially decaying tracking error for both position and force signals. With the presented controller design approach, one can independently tune the controller gains of the force and the position control channels. The proposed approach is experimentally tested in a platform consisted of direct drive linear motors. As illustrated by the experiment results, the contribution of the PD control in the force channel improves the teleoperation performance especially under hard-contact motion scenarios by attenuating the oscillations, hence, improving the transparency when compared to the structures using only a P force control.
Science Hackathons for Cyberphysical System Security Research: Putting CPS testbed platforms to good use

A challenge is to develop cyber-physical system scenarios that reflect the diversity and complexity of real-life cyber-physical systems in the research questions that they address. Time-bounded collaborative events, such as hackathons, jams and sprints, are increasingly used as a means of bringing groups of individuals together, in order to explore challenges and develop solutions. This paper describes our experiences, using a science hackathon to bring individual researchers together, in order to develop a common use-case implemented on a shared CPS testbed platform that embodies the diversity in their own security research questions. A qualitative study of the event was conducted, in order to evaluate the success of the process, with a view to improving future similar events.
Tunable Magnetic Properties of Glass-Coated Microwires by Initial Technical Parameters

Glass-coated microwires of three different compositions Fe<sub>77.5</sub>Si<sub>7.5</sub>B<sub>15</sub>, Fe<sub>45</sub>Co<sub>30</sub>Si<sub>10</sub>B<sub>15</sub>, and Co<sub>69</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>Cr<sub>4</sub>Si<sub>12</sub>B<sub>11</sub> were produced by the Taylor–Ulitovsky method under water or air cooling. By changing the technological parameters such as the drawing velocity and cooling environment, the formation of different phases in the microwire metallic core was realized owing to partial crystallization, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. A critical correlation of the wire composition, drawing velocity, and hysteresis loops was demonstrated. The combination of air cooling and low drawing velocities create the conditions of partial crystallization which may form a single or multiple crystal phases, depending on composition. On the contrary, the wires quenched in water had an amorphous state irrespectively of the drawing velocity and composition. Then, single-phase, biphase, or multi-phase state microwires could be produced. They demonstrated various types of the magnetization reversal: bistable, stepwise, and S shape with a highly enhanced coercivity. Tailoring the wire microstructure and the magnetization behavior during the fabrication process could be of considerable practical interest.
Sequencing of Euscaphis konishii Endocarp Transcriptome Points to Molecular Mechanisms of Endocarp Coloration

Flower and fruit colors are of vital importance to the ecology and economic market value of plants. The mechanisms of flower and fruit coloration have been well studied, especially among ornamental flower plants and cultivated fruits. As people pay more attention to exocarp coloration, the endocarp coloration in some species has often been ignored. Here, we report on the molecular mechanism of endocarp coloration in three development stages of Euscaphis konishii. The results show that endocarp reddening is closely related to anthocyanin accumulation, and a total of 86,120 unigenes were assembled, with a mean length of 893 bp (N50 length of 1642 bp). We identified a large number of differentially expressed genes associated with endocarp coloration, including anthocyanin biosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, and chlorophyll breakdown. The genes participating in each step of the anthocyanin biosynthesis were found in the transcriptome dataset, but a few genes were found in the carotenoid biosynthesis and chlorophyll breakdown. In addition, the candidate R2R3-MYB transcription factors and candidate glutathione S-transferase transport genes, which likely regulate the anthocyanin biosynthesis, were identified. This study offers a platform for E. konishii functional genomic research and provides a reference for revealing the regulatory mechanisms of endocarp reddening.
An Outlier Detection Algorithm Based on Cross-Correlation Analysis for Time Series Dataset

Outlier detection is a very essential problem in a variety of application areas. Many detection methods are deficient for high-dimensional time series data sets containing both isolated and assembled outliers. In this paper, we propose an Outlier Detection method based on Cross-correlation Analysis (ODCA). ODCA consists of three key parts. They are data preprocessing, outlier analysis, and outlier rank. First, we investigate a linear interpolation method to convert assembled outliers into isolated ones. Second, a detection mechanism based on the cross-correlation analysis is proposed for translating the high-dimensional data sets into 1-D cross-correlation function, according to which the isolated outlier is determined. Finally, a multilevel Otsu’s method is adopted to help us select the rank thresholds adaptively and output the abnormal samples at different levels. To illustrate the effectiveness of the ODCA algorithm, four experiments are performed using several high-dimensional time series data sets, which include two small-scale sets and two large-scale sets. Furthermore, we compare the proposed algorithm with the detection methods based on wavelet analysis, bilateral filtering, particle swarm optimization, auto-regression, and extreme learning machine. In addition, we discuss the robustness of the ODCA algorithm. The statistical results show that the ODCA algorithm is much better than existing mainstream methods in both effectiveness and time complexity.
Design opportunity conception using the total technology space map

Abstract Traditionally, design opportunities and directions are conceived based on expertise, intuition, or time-consuming user studies and marketing research at the fuzzy front end of the design process. Herein, we propose the use of the total technology space map (TSM) as a visual ideation aid for rapidly conceiving high-level design opportunities. The map is comprised of various technology domains positioned according to knowledge proximity, which is measured based on a large quantity of patent data. It provides a systematic picture of the total technology space to enable stimulated ideation beyond the designer's knowledge. Designers can browse the map and navigate various technologies to conceive new design opportunities that relate different technologies across the space. We demonstrate the process of using TSM as a rapid ideation aid and then analyze its applications in two experiments to show its effectiveness and limitations. Furthermore, we have developed a cloud-based system for computer-aided ideation, that is, InnoGPS, to integrate interactive map browsing for conceiving high-level design opportunities with domain-specific patent retrieval for stimulating concrete technical concepts, and to potentially embed machine-learning and artificial intelligence in the map-aided ideation process.
Architecture of Text Mining Application in Analyzing Public Sentiments of West Java Governor Election using Naive Bayes Classification

The selection of West Java governor is one event that seizes the attention of the public is no exception to social media users. Public opinion on a prospective regional leader can help predict electability and tendency of voters. Data that can be used by the opinion mining process can be obtained from Twitter. Because the data is very varied form and very unstructured, it must be managed and uninformed using data pre-processing techniques into semi-structured data. This semi-structured information is followed by a classification stage to categorize the opinion into negative or positive opinions. The research methodology uses a literature study where the research will examine previous research on a similar topic. The purpose of this study is to find the right architecture to develop it into the application of twitter opinion mining to know public sentiments toward the election of the governor of west java. The result of this research is that Twitter opinion mining is part of text mining where opinions in Twitter if they want to be classified, must go through the preprocessing text stage first. The preprocessing step required from twitter data is cleansing, case folding, POS Tagging and stemming. The resulting text mining architecture is an architecture that can be used for text mining research with different topics.
Blood Vessels Segmentation by Using CDNet

Blood vessel segmentation is one of the important premises for the analysis in Medical Imaging. In this paper, a new operation block called segmentation block is designed for learning the finer feature maps and keeping the resolution invariant. Based on segmentation block, a new U-net-like model called CDNet is proposed for blood vessel segmentation task and achieves precise segmentation results. The novel model has been trained and tested in the retinal dataset called DRIVE and achieved the highest scores in accuracy (0.9633), sensitivity (0.8158) and AUC (0.9841) comparing with other methods. Our experimental results indicate that the segmentation block performs better in feature learning and CDNet can achieve a good performance in blood vessels segmentation task.
Akt-mediated platelet apoptosis and its therapeutic implications in immune thrombocytopenia

Significance Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients with antiplatelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX autoantibodies appear refractory to conventional treatments; however, the mechanism remains elusive. Here we show that the platelets undergo apoptosis in ITP patients with anti-GPIbα autoantibodies. We demonstrate that anti-GPIbα antibody binding activates Akt, which elicits platelet apoptosis through activation of phosphodiesterase (PDE3A) and PDE3A-mediated PKA inhibition. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure results in phagocytosis of anti-GPIbα antibody-bound platelets by macrophages in the liver. Notably, inhibition or genetic ablation of Akt or Akt-regulated apoptotic signaling or blockage of PS exposure rescues the platelets from clearance. Therefore, our findings reveal pathogenic mechanisms of ITP with anti-GPIbα autoantibodies and, more importantly, suggest therapeutic strategies for thrombocytopenia caused by autoantibodies or other pathogenic factors. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet count which can cause fatal hemorrhage. ITP patients with antiplatelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX autoantibodies appear refractory to conventional treatments, and the mechanism remains elusive. Here we show that the platelets undergo apoptosis in ITP patients with anti-GPIbα autoantibodies. Consistent with these findings, the anti-GPIbα monoclonal antibodies AN51 and SZ2 induce platelet apoptosis in vitro. We demonstrate that anti-GPIbα antibody binding activates Akt, which elicits platelet apoptosis through activation of phosphodiesterase (PDE3A) and PDE3A-mediated PKA inhibition. Genetic ablation or chemical inhibition of Akt or blocking of Akt signaling abolishes anti-GPIbα antibody-induced platelet apoptosis. We further demonstrate that the antibody-bound platelets are removed in vivo through an apoptosis-dependent manner. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on apoptotic platelets results in phagocytosis of platelets by macrophages in the liver. Notably, inhibition or genetic ablation of Akt or Akt-regulated apoptotic signaling or blockage of PS exposure protects the platelets from clearance. Therefore, our findings reveal pathogenic mechanisms of ITP with anti-GPIbα autoantibodies and, more importantly, suggest therapeutic strategies for thrombocytopenia caused by autoantibodies or other pathogenic factors.
A General Decentralized Control Scheme for Medium-/High-Voltage Cascaded STATCOM

This study presents a general decentralized control scheme for cascaded H-bridge inverter-based static compensators in medium-/high-voltage power network. The H-bridge modules are controlled in a decentralized manner without a central controller and each module makes decisions based on individual local controller. The local controller includes two parts: first, a Q-ω boost control is introduced to share reactive power equally; and second, a scalable P-V control is established for balancing dc-link voltage of inverters. The proposed scheme can achieve frequency synchronization autonomously, and thus has advantages of improved reliability, scalability, and decreased costs. Moreover, an improved decentralized control is also proposed to adapt the grid-side dynamics when contingencies will occur. The system stability conditions are derived, and the feasibility of the proposed method is verified by simulation results.
Improved Latent Factor Model in Movie Recommendation System

In the movie recommendation system, the commonly used recommendation algorithm is the collaborative filtering algorithm. When the sparseness of user behavior data increases, the time and space complexity of the algorithm greatly increase. Latent factor model based on nonnegative matrix factorization is an effective way to solve the sparseness problem. This article focuses on the application of latent factor model in movie recommendation system, and improve latent factor model to overcome the shortcoming that it cannot give the recommendation explanation. In our model, we represent latent factors by characteristic nouns, and then give the recommendation explanations according to the descriptive latent factors. We complete the improved latent factor model on MovieLens datasets.
Iterative Clipping Noise Elimination of Clipped and Filtered SCMA-OFDM System

Similar to conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal, the signals of sparse code multiple access combine with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SCMA-OFDM) existing the problem that its peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is unbearable high. In this paper, the clipping method is adopted to reduce the PAPR of the SCMA-OFDM signal. However, the clipping process brings extra noise to the SCMA-OFDM signal while the clipping noise is not taken into account in the message passing algorithm (MPA), which makes the MPA detection inaccurate and leads to a phenomenon that the decoding performance declines sharply with the increasing of ${{\text {E}}_{\text {b}}}{{/}}{{\text {N}}_{{0}}}$ . Moreover, due to the distortion of SCMA-OFDM signals caused by clipping process, the system bit error rate (BER) performance degrades obviously. To tackle the issues above, we analyze the random characteristics of the clipping noise for the MPA detection scheme. Then, an iterative clipping noise elimination scheme is proposed to restore the BER performance of clipped SCMA-OFDM system. Simulation results show that our method can remove the phenomenon that the BER performance declines sharply at the high ${{\text {E}}_{\text {b}}}{{/}}{{\text {N}}_{{0}}}$ region and the proposed iterative clipping noise elimination scheme restores the BER performance significantly.
Hepatitis B virus promotes β-catenin-signalling and disassembly of adherens junctions in a Src kinase dependent fashion

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a prominent cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but the underlying molecular mechanisms are complex and multiple pathways have been proposed such as the activation of the Wnt−/β-catenin-signalling and dysregulation of E-cadherin/β-catenin adherens junctions. This study aimed to identify mechanisms of how HBV infection and replication as well as HBV X protein (HBx) gene expression in the context of an HBV genome influence Wnt−/β-catenin-signalling and formation of adherens junctions and to which extent HBx contributes to this. Regulation of E-cadherin/β-catenin junctions and β-catenin-signalling as well as the role of HBx were investigated using constructs transiently or stably inducing replication of HBV+/−HBx in hepatoma cell lines. In addition, HCC and adjacent non-tumorous tissue samples from HBV-infected HCC patients and drug interference in HBV-infected cells were studied. Although HBV did not alter overall expression levels of E-cadherin or β-catenin, it diminished their cell surface localization resulting in nuclear translocation of β-catenin and activation of its target genes. In addition, HBV gene expression increased the amount of phosphorylated c-Src kinase. Treatment with Src kinase inhibitor Dasatinib reduced HBV replication, prevented adherens junction disassembly and reduced β-catenin-signalling, while Sorafenib only did so in cells with mutated β-catenin. Interestingly, none of the HBV induced alterations required HBx. Thus, HBV stimulated β-catenin-signalling and induced disassembly of adherens junctions independently of HBx through Src kinase activation. These pathways may contribute to hepatocellular carcinogenesis and seem to be more efficiently inhibited by Dasatinib than by Sorafenib.
Running Economy While Running in Shoes Categorized as Maximal Cushioning

The purpose of the study was to determine if running economy was influenced by wearing maximal cushioning shoes vs. control (neutral cushioning) shoes. Participants (n=10, age=28.2±6.1yrs; mass=68.1±10.2 kg; height=170±6.1 cm) completed two experiments. Each experiment included running conditions wearing control and maximal cushioning shoes. In Experiment 1, participants ran on a treadmill at three speeds in each shoe condition (6 total conditions). The speeds were: 1) preferred speed, 2) preferred speed + 0.447 m·s−1, and 3) preferred speed - 0.447 m·s−1. In Experiment 2, participants ran on a treadmill at two inclines (0%, 6%) in each shoe condition (4 total conditions) at preferred speed. Experiments were conducted on separate days with Experiment 1 first. For all conditions, participants ran for 8–10 minutes while rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) was recorded. Average VO2 during steady state for each running condition was calculated. For Experiment 1, a 2 (shoe) × 3 (speed) repeated measures ANOVA (α=0.05) was used. For Experiment 2, a 2 (shoe) × 2 (incline) repeated measures ANOVA (α=0.05) was used. Rate of oxygen consumption was not influenced by the interaction of speed and shoe (p=0.108); VO2 was different between speeds (p<0.001), but not between shoes (p=0.071). Rate of oxygen consumption was not influenced by the interaction of incline and shoe (p=0.191); VO2 was greater for incline vs. level (p<0.001), but not different between shoes (p=0.095). It is concluded that a maximal cushioning running shoe did not influence running economy when compared to a control shoe (neutral cushioning running shoe).
Modeling and Analysis of Suspension Force of a New Bearingless Reluctance Machine With Independent DC Bias Winding

The new bearingless doubly salient electro-magnetic machine has the advantages of the robust structure and reduced coupling between the suspension force and torque control due to the independent dc winding in stator. The angular position detection is eliminated for suspension force control which improves the reliability. The operation principle and air-gap flux density distribution are analyzed. The suspension force characteristics are investigated and verified both by the mathematical model and finite-element method in depth. The experimental results are given to verify the analysis.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Soft-Tissue Facial Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Evaluation of the Quality of Their Measurement Properties

Background: A patient’s health-related quality of life can be significantly impacted by facial scarring and disfigurement. Facial soft-tissue reconstruction should aim to improve this, with outcomes measured from the patient’s perspective using patient-reported outcome measures. This systematic review identifies patient-reported outcome measures for soft-tissue facial reconstruction and appraises their methodologic and psychometric properties using up-to-date methods. Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, and Cochrane databases was performed. Identified patient-reported outcome measures were assessed using the updated Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist. Psychometric properties were also assessed and a modified Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation analysis was performed to aid in recommendations for future questionnaire use. Results: Thirty-four studies covering nine patient-reported outcome measures were included. Methodologic quality and psychometric evidence were variable. FACE-Q, Skin Cancer Index, Patient Outcome of Surgery–Head/Neck, and the Derriford Appearance Scale 59/24 all demonstrated high enough evidence to be recommended as having potential for inclusion in future studies. Conclusions: This is the first systematic review to identify and critically appraise patient-reported outcome measures for soft-tissue facial reconstruction using internationally accepted criteria. Four questionnaires were deemed to have adequate levels of methodologic and psychometric evidence, although further studies should be conducted before they are used routinely in patients undergoing facial reconstruction. Through the use of psychometrically well-validated questionnaires, it is hoped that patients’ concerns can be truly appreciated, the level of care improved, and the quality of reconstructive options offered advanced.
Designing of Multiplexer and De-Multiplexer Using Different Adiabatic Logic in 90nm Technology

In this research paper we represented the design and evaluation of 8:1 Multiplexer using different adiabatic logics. For VLSI design engineers, high power consumption is the main factor in digital circuits. In this paper we are going to presents the CMOS-logic based new design in 90 nm technology for a low power and high speed adiabatic 8:1 Multiplexer and De-Multiplexer for following this trend. In which we focus on the characteristics of the CMOS and adiabatic logic families 2N2P, 2N-2N2P use a cross-coupled transistor structure for adiabatic operation and dual sleep approach. Normally Adiabatic logic families use multiphase clocks. Multiphase clock increases power dissipation on their clock distribution network. Some adiabatic logics are not effective for high speed operating design due to their clock skew issues and high complexity because of multiphase clocks. So in this research paper we are focusing on energy recovery with efficient power clock power consumption.