Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aquaporin 4 deletion exacerbates brain impairments in a mouse model of chronic sleep disruption

As a normal physiological process, sleep has recently been shown to facilitate clearance of macromolecular metabolic wastes from the brain via the glymphatic system. The aim of the present study was to investigate pathophysiological roles of astroglial aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a functional regulator of glymphatic clearance, in a mouse model of chronic sleep disruption (SD).
Involvement of the centrosomal protein 55 (cep55) gene in zebrafish head formation

Mammalian CEP55 (centrosomal protein 55 kDa) is a coiled‐coil protein localized to the centrosome in interphase cells and is required for cytokinesis. A homozygous non‐sense mutation in human CEP55 has been recently identified in perinatal lethal MARCH (multinucleated neurons, anhydramnios, renal dysplasia, cerebellar hypoplasia and hydranencephaly) syndrome. We have isolated zebrafish cep55 mutants defective in head morphology. The zebrafish cep55 gene was expressed in the head including the retina and the pectoral fin at 1 day post‐fertilization (dpf), and extensive cell death was widely observed in the head and tail of the cep55 mutant. In the cep55 mutant, the anterior–posterior distance of the ventral pharyngeal arches was short, and retinal lamination was disorganized. Neural cells, such as islet1‐positive cells and pax2‐positive cells, and fli1b‐positive vascular cells were reduced in the head of the cep55 mutant. Thus, we propose that the zebrafish cep55 mutant is a model organism for human MARCH syndrome.
VIVO: Faculty Research Information System and Discovery

Information about research and research activities is being scattered in various places such as HR system, course management, grant management system, institutional repositories, open and commercial citation databases, funding agencies and scholarly publishers. The research output and activities of the Institute or Faculty need to be archived with the matured architecture adhering International Standards. The existing system and data are not interoperable within or across the organisation. The publication’s information does not reflect the area of expertise of individual or organisation. VIVO is an open source, semantic-based, community-maintained software developed by Cornel University for research discovery and networking of scholars
Balanced Crystalloids Versus Saline in Critically Ill Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: The optimal resuscitative fluid remains controversial. Objective: To assess the association between crystalloid fluid and outcomes in critically ill adults. Methods: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials were searched from inception through July 2019. Cohort studies and randomized trials of critically ill adults provided predominantly nonperioperative fluid resuscitation with balanced crystalloids or 0.9% sodium chloride (saline) were included. Results: Thirteen studies (n = 30 950) were included. Balanced crystalloids demonstrated lower hospital or 28-/30-day mortality (risk ratio [RR] = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.75-0.99; I2 = 82%) overall, in observational studies (RR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.41-0.99; I2 = 63%), and approached significance in randomized trials (RR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.88-1.02; I2 = 0%). New acute kidney injury occurred less frequently with balanced crystalloids (RR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.85-0.98; I2 = 0%), though progression to renal replacement therapy was similar (RR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.79-1.04; I2 = 38%). In the sepsis cohort, odds of hospital or 28-/30-day mortality were similar, but the odds of major adverse kidney events occurring in the first 30 days were less with balanced crystalloids than saline (OR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.66-0.91; I2 = 42%). Conclusion and Relevance: Resuscitation with balanced crystalloids demonstrated lower hospital or 28-/30-day mortality compared with saline in critically ill adults but not specifically those with sepsis. Balanced crystalloids should be provided preferentially to saline in most critically ill adult patients.
Population climatic history predicts phenotypic responses in novel environments for Arabidopsis thaliana in North America.

PREMISE Determining how species perform in novel climatic environments is essential for understanding (1) responses to climate change and (2) evolutionary consequences of biological invasions. For the vast majority of species, the number of population characteristics that will predict performance and patterns of natural selection in novel locations in the wild remains limited. METHODS We evaluated phenological, vegetative, architectural, and fitness-related traits in experimental gardens in contrasting climates (Ontario, Canada, and South Carolina, USA) in the North American non-native distribution of Arabidopsis thaliana. We assessed the effects of climatic distance, geographic distance, and genetic features of history on performance and patterns of natural selection in the novel garden settings. RESULTS We found that plants had greater survivorship, flowered earlier, were larger, and produced more fruit in the south, and that genotype-by-environment interactions were significant between gardens. However, our analyses revealed similar patterns of natural selection between gardens in distinct climate zones. After accounting for genetic ancestry, we also detected that population climatic distance best predicted performance within gardens. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that colonization success in novel, non-native environments is determined by a combination of climate and genetic history. When performance at novel sites was assessed with seed sources from geographically and genetically disparate, established non-native populations, proximity to the garden alone was insufficient to predict performance. Our study highlights the need to evaluate seed sources from diverse origins to describe comprehensively phenotypic responses to novel environments, particularly for taxa in which many source populations may contribute to colonization.
Mucin Thin Layers: A Model for Mucus-Covered Tissues

The fate of macromolecules of biological or pharmacological interest that enter the mucus barrier is a current field of investigation. Studies of the interaction between the main constituent of mucus, mucins, and molecules involved in topical transmucoidal drug or gene delivery is a prerequisite for nanomedicine design. We studied the interaction of mucin with the bio-inspired arginine-derived amphoteric polymer d,l-ARGO7 by applying complementary techniques. Small angle X-ray scattering in bulk unveiled the formation of hundreds of nanometer-sized clusters, phase separated from the mucin mesh. Quartz microbalance with dissipation and neutron reflectometry measurements on thin mucin layers deposited on silica supports highlighted the occurrence of polymer interaction with mucin on the molecular scale. Rinsing procedures on both experimental set ups showed that interaction induces alteration of the deposited hydrogel. We succeeded in building up a new significant model for epithelial tissues covered by mucus, obtaining the deposition of a mucin layer 20 Å thick on the top of a glycolipid enriched phospholipid single membrane, suitable to be investigated by neutron reflectometry. The model is applicable to unveil the cross structural details of mucus-covered epithelia in interaction with macromolecules within the Å discreteness.
Bi-manual Learning for a Basketball Playing Robot

Sports activities have been a cornerstone in the evolution of humankind through the ages from the ancient Roman empire to the Olympics in the 21st century. These activities have been used as a benchmark to evaluate the how humans have progressed through the sands of time. In the 21st century, machines along with the help of powerful computing and relatively new computing paradigms have made a good case for taking up the mantle. Even thoughmachines have been able to perform complex tasks andmaneuvers, they have struggled to match the dexterity, coordination, manipulability and acuteness displayed by humans. Bi-manual tasks are more complex and bring in additional variables like coordination into the task making it harder to evaluate. A task capable of demonstrating the above skillset would be a good measure of the progress in the field of robotic technology. Therefore a dual armed robot has beenbuilt and taught tohandle theball andmake thebasket successfully thus demonstrating the capability of using both arms. A combination of machine learning techniques, Reinforcement learning, and Imitation learning has been used along with advanced optimization algorithms to accomplish the task.
A critical review of the literature on comfort of hearing protection devices: definition of comfort and identification of its main attributes for earplug types

Abstract Objective: This article presents a comprehensive literature review of past works addressing Hearing Protection Devices (HPD) comfort and to put them into perspective regarding a proposed holistic multidimensional construct of HPD comfort. Design: Literature review. Study samples: Documents were hand searched and Internet searched using “PubMed”, “Web of Science”, “Google Scholar”, “ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Professional”, “Scopus” or “Google” search engines. While comfort constructs and measurement methods are reviewed for both earplugs and earmuff types, results and analyses are provided for the earplug type only. Results: This article proposed a multidimensional construct of HPD comfort based on four dimensions: physical, functional, acoustical and psychological. Seen through the prism of the proposed holistic construct of HPD comfort, the main comfort attributes of earplugs have been identified for each comfort dimension. Conclusions: The observed lack of consensus on the definition of HPD comfort in the scientific community makes it difficult to prioritise the importance of comfort attributes yet necessary for future design of comfortable earplugs.
Channel State Information from Pure Communication to Sense and Track Human Motion: A Survey

Human motion detection and activity recognition are becoming vital for the applications in smart homes. Traditional Human Activity Recognition (HAR) mechanisms use special devices to track human motions, such as cameras (vision-based) and various types of sensors (sensor-based). These mechanisms are applied in different applications, such as home security, Human–Computer Interaction (HCI), gaming, and healthcare. However, traditional HAR methods require heavy installation, and can only work under strict conditions. Recently, wireless signals have been utilized to track human motion and HAR in indoor environments. The motion of an object in the test environment causes fluctuations and changes in the Wi-Fi signal reflections at the receiver, which result in variations in received signals. These fluctuations can be used to track object (i.e., a human) motion in indoor environments. This phenomenon can be improved and leveraged in the future to improve the internet of things (IoT) and smart home devices. The main Wi-Fi sensing methods can be broadly categorized as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Wi-Fi radar (by using Software Defined Radio (SDR)) and Channel State Information (CSI). CSI and RSSI can be considered as device-free mechanisms because they do not require cumbersome installation, whereas the Wi-Fi radar mechanism requires special devices (i.e., Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP)). Recent studies demonstrate that CSI outperforms RSSI in sensing accuracy due to its stability and rich information. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent advances in the CSI-based sensing mechanism and illustrates the drawbacks, discusses challenges, and presents some suggestions for the future of device-free sensing technology.
Self-Perceived Psychophysical Well-Being of Young Competitive Swimmers With Physical or Intellectual Impairment

Regular practice of sport activities yields psychophysical benefits for both the general population and persons affected by physical or intellectual impairments. Practicing competitive sport may add further value to these benefits. The objective of this observational cross-sectional study was to investigate the role of competitive sport practice in enhancing self-perceived psychophysical well-being of some select participants, using the Psychological General Well-Being Index and the Short Form-12 indices. We recruited at national events 100 young Italian competitive swimmers affected by physical or intellectual impairment. These respondents' results were compared with those of a control group of 100 Italian participants who did not practice competitive sport but who were also affected by physical or intellectual impairment, randomly selected from rehabilitation clinics and communities of young people with disabilities. Scores of psychological and emotional well-being were higher by 40% or more for the practitioners of competitive sport (p < .0001; Cohen's effect size d ≥ 1.3). While our study's results suggest possible positive psychophysical benefits to competitive sport practice for young people affected by physical or intellectual impairment, longitudinal research is needed to be certain that our results are not due to self-selection into sports participation of those persons with disabilities who have a uniquely higher sense of well-being.
Power-aware Performance of Mixed Precision Linear Solvers for FPGAs and GPGPUs

Power has emerged as a significant constraint to high performance systems. We propose modeling power-based performance (performance/watt) and clock-based performance for GPGPUs and FPGAs. Based on the modeling, we perform a case-study with mixed precision linear solvers for a Xilinx XC5VLX330T FPGA and NVIDIA Tesla C1060 GPU. In the case-study, the FPGA shows powerand clock-based performance better than the GPGPU while the GPGPU shows better time-based performance. KeywordsMixed precision; Power Performance; Comparison;
Evaluation of the Developmental Toxicity of Vedolizumab, an α4β7 Receptor Antagonist, in Rabbit and Nonhuman Primate

Vedolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis or Crohn disease, targets α4β7 integrin and selectively blocks gut-specific lymphocyte trafficking. The potential effects of vedolizumab on development were assessed by standard preclinical toxicity studies in rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys. A single infusion of vedolizumab (0, 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg) was administered intravenously to pregnant rabbits on gestational day 7; rabbits were monitored to gestational day 29. Vedolizumab (0, 10, or 100 mg/kg) was administered intravenously every 2 weeks to pregnant cynomolgus monkeys beginning on gestational day 20 with the last dose on gestational day 132 (9 doses total). In rabbits, vedolizumab did not affect maternal net body weight or net gains, gravid uterine weights, or mean maternal food consumption, nor did it affect intrauterine growth or fetal survival. There were also no vedolizumab effects on embryo–fetal development compared to controls. In cynomolgus monkeys, there was no increase in prenatal loss/death or stillbirth and no maternal toxicity associated with vedolizumab. On day 28 postpartum, low levels of vedolizumab were detected in the breast milk of 3 of 11 monkeys in the 100 mg/kg group. No vedolizumab-related effects on the number of infants born, infant development, or animal hematology or clinical chemistry were noted. Administration of vedolizumab to pregnant rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys did not show any potential for maternal or developmental effects.
An Architectural Perspective for Cloud Virtualization

Virtual machines (VMs) and processes are two important abstractions for cloud virtualization, where VMs usually install a complete operating system (OS) running user processes. Although existing in different layers in the virtualization hierarchy, VMs and processes have overlapped functionalities. For example, they are both intended to provide execution abstraction (e.g., physical/virtual memory address space), and share similar objectives of isolation, cooperation and scheduling. Currently, neither of them could provide the benefits of the other: VMs provide higher isolation, security and portability, while processes are more efficient, flexible and easier to schedule and cooperate. The heavyweight virtualization architecture degrades both efficiency and security of cloud
GPRIN3 Controls Neuronal Excitability, Morphology, and Striatal-Dependent Behaviors in the Indirect Pathway of the Striatum

The regulation of the striatum by the GPCR signaling through neuromodulators is essential for its physiology and physiopathology, so it is necessary to know all the compounds of these pathways. In this study, we identified a new important partner of the dopaminergic pathway: GPRIN3 (a member of the GPRIN family). GPRIN3 is highly expressed in the striatum but with undefined function. Cell sorting of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in indirect MSNs and direct MSNs indicated the presence of the GPRIN3 gene in both populations with a preferential expression in indirect MSNs. This led us to generate GPRIN3 KO mice by CRISPR/Cas9 and test male animals to access possible alterations in morphological, electrophysiological, and behavioral parameters following its absence. 3D reconstruction analysis of MSNs revealed increased neuronal arborization in GPRIN3 KO and modified passive and active electrophysiological properties. These cellular alterations were coupled with increased motivation and cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion. Additionally, using a specific indirect MSN knockdown, we showed a preferential role for GPRIN3 in indirect MSNs related to the D2R signaling. Together, these results show that GPRIN3 is a mediator of D2R function in the striatum playing a major role in striatal physiology. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The striatum is the main input of the basal ganglia processing information from different brain regions through the combined actions of direct pathway neurons and indirect pathway neurons. Both neuronal populations are defined by the expression of dopamine D1R or D2R GPCRs, respectively. How these neurons signal to the respective G-protein is still debatable. Here we identified GPRIN3 as a putative selective controller of D2R function in the striatum playing a critical role in striatal-associated behaviors and cellular functions. This study represents the identification of a new target to tackle striatal dysfunction associated with the D2R, such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and drug addiction.
The Lightwork Performance : Algorithmically Mediated Interaction for Virtual Environments

This is a brief description of the performance piece Lightwork, an interactive work combining algorithmically generated virtual worlds and electroaccoustice music. The algorithms for world construction, viewpoint control and sound diffusion are described, together with the broader implications of our work, in particular for concepts and techniques for Human Computer Interaction. This paper will be published as a 'short paper' in the Proceedings of CHI98, Los Angeles, USA, New York: ACM Press. An expanded version of this, together with an accompanying video, will comprise deliverable D2.2. Document ID eRENA-KTH-2
Liquidity in Asset Markets with Search Frictions Liquidity in Asset Markets with Search Frictions

Working papers of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comment on research in progress. They may not have been subject to the formal editorial review accorded offi cial Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland publications. The views stated herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland or of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. We develop a search-theoretic model of nancial intermediation and use it to study how trading frictions affect the distribution of asset holdings, asset prices, e¢ ciency and standard measures of liquidity. A distinctive feature of our theory is that it allows for unrestricted asset holdings, so market participants can ac-comodate trading frictions by adjusting their asset positions. We show that these individual responses of asset demands constitute a fundamental feature of il-liquid markets: they are a key determinant of bid-ask spreads, trade volume and trading delays-all the dimensions of market liquidity that search-based theories seek to explain.
Study of Adaptive Activity-Aware Iterative Detection Techniques for Massive Machine-Type Communications

This work studies the uplink of grant-free low data-rate massive machine-to-machine communications (mMTC) where devices are only active sporadically, which requires a joint activity and data detection at the receiver. We develop an adaptive decision feedback detector along with an $l_0$-norm regularized activity-aware recursive least-squares algorithm that only require pilot symbols. An iterative detection and decoding scheme based on low-density parity-check (LDPC) is also devised for signal detection in mMTC. Simulations show the performance of the proposed approaches against existing schemes.
X-Ray Monitoring of the Magnetar CXOU J171405.7–381031 in Supernova Remnant CTB 37B

We present the results of our 8 yr X-ray monitoring campaign on CXOU J171405.7−381031, the magnetar associated with the faint supernova remnant (SNR) CTB 37B. It is among the youngest by inferred spin-down age, and most energetic in spin-down power of magnetars, and may contribute, at least partially, to the GeV and TeV emission coincident with the SNR. We use a series of Chandra, XMM-Newton, and NuSTAR observations to characterize the timing and spectral properties of the magnetar. The spin-down rate of the pulsar almost doubled in <1 yr and then decreased slowly to a more stable value. Its X-ray flux varied by ≈50%, possibly correlated with the spin-down rate. The 1–79 keV spectrum is well-characterized by an absorbed blackbody plus power-law model with an average temperature of kT = 0.62 ± 0.04 keV and photon index Γ = 0.92 ± 0.16, or by a Comptonized blackbody with kT = 0.55 ± 0.04 keV and an additional hard power law with Γ = 0.70 ± 0.20. In contrast with most magnetars, the pulsed signal is found to decrease with energy up to 6 keV, which is apparently caused by mixing with the hard spectral component that is pulse-phase shifted by ≈0.43 cycles from the soft X-rays. We also analyze the spectrum of the nearby, diffuse nonthermal source XMMU J171410.8−381442, whose relation to the SNR is uncertain.
Black silicon UV photodiodes achieve>130% external quantum efficiency

At present ultraviolet sensors are utilized in numerous fields ranging from various spectroscopy applications via biotechnical innovations to industrial process control. Despite of this, the performance of current UV sensors is surprisingly poor. Here, we break the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit and demonstrate a device with a certified external quantum efficiency (EQE) above 130% in UV range without external amplification. The record high performance is obtained using a nanostructured silicon photodiode with self-induced junction. We show that the high efficiency is based on effective utilization of multiple carrier generation by impact ionization taking place in the nanostructures. While the results can readily have a significant impact on the UV-sensor industry, the underlying technological concept can be applied to other semiconductor materials, thereby extending above unity response to longer wavelengths.