Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability Parameters for Comparing Varieties

The model, Yij = μ1 + β1Ij + δij, defines stability parameters that may be used to describe the performance of a variety over a series of environments. Yij is the variety mean of the ith variety at the jth environment, µ1 is the ith variety mean over all environments, β1 is the regression coefficient that measures the response of the ith variety to varying environments, δij is the deviation from regression of the ith variety at the jth environment, and Ij is the environmental index. The data from two single-cross diallels and a set of 3-way crosses were examined to see whether genetic differences could be detected. Genetic differences among lines were indicated for the regression of the lines on the environmental index with no evidence of nonadditive gene action. The estimates of the squared deviations from regression for many hybrids were near zero, whereas extremely large estimates were obtained for other hybrids.
Predicting CpG Islands and Their Relationship with Genomic Feature in Cattle by Hidden Markov Model Algorithm

Cattle supply an important source of nutrition for humans in the world. CpG islands (CGIs) are very important and useful, as they carry functionally relevant epigenetic loci for whole genome studies. As a matter of fact, there have been no formal analyses of CGIs at the DNA sequence level in cattle genomes and therefore this study was carried out to fill the gap. We used hidden markov model algorithm to detect CGIs. The total number of predicted CGIs for cattle was 90668. The number of detected CGIs and CGI densities downwardly varied across chromosomes. Chromosome 25 had the largest number of CGIs (4556) and the highest CGI density (106.20 CGIs/Mb). A significant positive correlation observed among CGI densities with guanine-cytosine (GC) content, ObsCpG/ExpCpG, recombination rate and gene density. When the size of chromosomes increased, the CGI densities decreased and a trend of higher CGI densities in the telomeric regions observed. This feature may be the reason of a positive correlation between CGI density and recombination rate. To detect information on CGI density differences between cattle and other vertebrate genomes, CGI density was also scanned in eleven vertebrate genomes. The CGI densities varied greatly among genomes. These discoveries may contribute to a better understanding of epigenomic role of CGIs and their molecular evolution in the cattle.
Isolation and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers

Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is better known as being the type of camel with two humps. The bactrian camel was domesticated in 2500 BC, probably in Northern of Iran, Northeast Afghanistan, or Southwestern Turkmenistan (Bulliet, 1975). Iranian Bactrian camel lives in different regions of Iran (Ardebil province). The bactrian camel is one of the most adaptable animals in the world that being able to withstand temperatures from 40 ̊C in the summer to -40 ̊C in the winter (Shahkarami et al. 2012). The most noticeable features of the bactrian camels are their two humps with an average height of 213 cm at the top of the hump. The bactrian camel is strong in constitution, with well-developed musculature. Their even-toed feet help to cross the rocky deserts of Asia and travel well through snow or sand. Live body weight can range from 300 to 690 kg, with males often being much larger and heavier (average 446 kg) than females (average 394 kg) (Potts, 2005). Iranian Camelus bactrianus has experienced a dramatic Iranian bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is an endangered livestock breed with distribution in northwest of Iran. Microsatellites are a powerful marker for animal genetic and cell line identification and population genetic study. In this study, after producing more than 40 Camelus bactrianus fibroblast cell lines, microsatellites loci from the genome of Iranian Camelus bactrianus cell lines were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based isolation of microsatellite arrays (PIMA) methods for genetic resources studies. PIMA is a relatively simple method which avoids not only library construction, but also radioactivity manipulation. Four polymorphic microsatellite loci (IBRC01 to IBRC04) were identified. Polymorphism of these new loci was assessed in 40 samples of Iranian bactrian camel. Number of alleles ranged from 3 to 5, observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.625 to 0.71 and from 0.642 to 0.807 and Shannon index from 0.89 to 1.603, respectively. The phylogeny analysis of all sequences indicated that breeds and species were grouped according to their geographic locations except a few sequences. These newly isolated polymorphic microsatellite markers would be useful tools for conservation genetic resources and population genetic studies and assessing genetic variations to establish a conservation strategy of this endangered species.
M ECHANICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN / P URE C OL COLLAGEN HYDROGELS From : Eve Hui

Combinations of chitosan and collagen gels were prepared to 1) improve the mechanical properties of Advanced Biomatrix collagen gels and/or 2) improve the cell-matrix interactions in Lerouge’s chitosan thermosensitive hydrogels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties and the cytocompatibility of chitosan/PureCol 0.5% hydrogels by adding different volume ratios of collagen PureCol 0.5% in our chitosan hydrogels.
Convolutional Neural Networks and the Analysis of Cancer Imagery

This paper investigates the opportunities for applying deep learning networks to tumour classification. It finds that simple networks can be found to deliver reasonable performance, comparable with mid-range performers on the same dataset. Model saturation is a serious problem which can be resolved by a combination of limiting the number of parameters in the model, include ensuring that training data is balanced between positive and negative observations, low learning rates, and iteratively biasing the input data towards examples that the model has mis-classified after previous training epochs.
Performance Hematology and Correlation between Economical Traits under the Effects of Dietary Lysine and Methionine in Broilers

Lysine (Lys) and Methionine (Met) as two primary essential amino acids and precursors of carnitine biosynthesis are involved in most of economical traits function in domestic animals. We assessed the impact of dietary Lys and Met on the performance, lipid redistribution, intramuscular fat, carcass quality and especially phenotypic correlations among some studied parameters in broiler chickens. 300 day-old male Ross 308 chicks were randomly divided among 5 treatments, with 4 replicates per treatment. There were 15 chicks in each replicate in a completely randomized design. Same basal diet was supplemented with 5 levels of synthetic Lys and Met in amount of 0, 10, 20, 30 or 40% higher than National Research Council (NRC), 1994 recommendation for starter and grower periods. The collected data were analyzed and determined the correlation coefficient by SAS software and Duncan’s test was used to compare the means on a value of (P
A meta-analysis of hyaluronic acid ’ s effects on pain , stiffness , and disability

Those who might want to opt for hyaluronic acid injections With the relatively low risk of complications, some patients may still opt to try hyaluronic acid injections as opposed to other osteoarthritis management strategies. Potential candidates include those whose only other option is surgery, in the hope that HA injection might postpone having to make that decision. Also, those whose pain or stiffness have not been relieved with other therapies might want to consider HA.
Credit risks and bank share valuation in selected four Asia Pacific countries

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the credit risk and the stock valuation response to earnings for commercial banks in Australia, Korea, Malaysia and Indonesia. These four countries have different bank sizes and sovereign rating. This study applies the relevant accounting and financial ratios into regression models and aims to extend the earnings response literature and theory research to banks. This measures the influence of bank-related determinant of risk that affects risk management in Australia, Korea, Malaysia and Indonesia banks. The results show that the credit risk has the information content beyond earnings. This result is consistent with the finding in many other studies which found significant relationship on the Cumulative Abnormal Returns (CAR) and the credit risk with a positive sign. Generally, the credit risk proxy by the Provision for bad and doubtful debts/Incomes in the existing practical literature shows positive relationship among the credit risk and stock abnormal returns. This positive sign is plausible, because with a higher provision for bad and doubtful debts/Incomes and yet achieving the same amount of earnings mean a better operated banks than the other banks.
Aggregated color descriptors for land use classification

In this paper we propose and evaluate aggregated color descriptors for land use classification in aerial images. First, global and local Bag-of-Colors (BoC) descriptors are evaluated for land use classification. Influence of different parameters on the performance and efficiency of classification were tested. A small modification in the process of computing of BoC is introduced, which improves the overall classification performance. We also present a new, very simple color descriptor, termed Vector of Locally Aggregated Colors (VLAC) which has as good classification results as the modified BoC, but using linear support vector machines.
Reduced-Order Modeling of Turbulent Flows ∗

Proper orthogonal decomposition has been one of the main reducedorder modeling strategies in the study of turbulent flows. The model developed by Aubry et al. in [1] has been particularly successful in approximating the coherent structures in the turbulent boundary layer. For this model, we propose two improvements inspired from state-of-the-art ideas used in the large eddy simulation of turbulent flows: the variational multiscale [8] and dynamic subgrid-scale [6] methods. These developments are illustrated in the context of turbulent pipe flows.
Spectral Energy Dissipation due to Surface Wave Breaking

A semiempirical determination of the spectral dependence of the energy dissipation due to surface wave breaking is presented and then used to propose a model for the spectral dependence of the breaking strength parameter b, defined in the O. M. Phillips’s statistical formulation of wave breaking dynamics. The determination of the spectral dissipation is based on closing the radiative transport equation for fetch-limited waves, measured in the Gulf of Tehuantepec Experiment, by using the measured evolution of the directional spectra with fetch, computations of the four-wave resonant interactions, and three models of the wind input source function. The spectral dependence of the breaking strength is determined from the Kleiss and Melville measurementsofthebreakingstatisticsandthesemiempiricalspectralenergydissipation,resultinginb 5b(k,cp/u * ), where k is the wavenumber and the parametric dependence is on the wave age, cp/u * . Guided by these semiempirical results, a model for b(k, cp/u * ) is proposed that uses laboratory data from a variety of sources, which can be represented by b 5 a(S 2 S0) n ,w hereS is a measure of the wave slope at breaking, a is a constant, S0 is a threshold slope for breaking, and 2.5 ,n ,3isapowerlawconsistentwithinertialwavedissipationscalingand laboratory measurements. The relationship between b(S) in the laboratory and b(k) in the field is based on the relationship between the saturation and mean square slope of the wave field. The results are discussed in the context of wind wave modeling and improved measurements of breaking in the field.
Robotic versus standard laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: a comparative study of short-term and oncological outcomes

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Robotic Surgery: Research and Reviews 2014:1 13–18 Robotic Surgery: Research and Reviews Dovepress
Better Outcomes for Older people with Spinal Trouble (BOOST) Trial: a randomised controlled trial of a combined physical and psychological intervention for older adults with neurogenic claudication, a protocol

Introduction Neurogenic claudication due to spinal stenosis is common in older adults. The effectiveness of conservative interventions is not known. The aim of the study is to estimate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a physiotherapist-delivered, combined physical and psychological intervention. Methods and analysis This is a pragmatic, multicentred, randomised controlled trial. Participants are randomised to a combined physical and psychological intervention (Better Outcomes for Older people with Spinal Trouble (BOOST) programme) or best practice advice (control). Community-dwelling adults, 65 years and over, with neurogenic claudication are identified from community and secondary care services. Recruitment is supplemented using a primary care-based cohort. Participants are registered prospectively and randomised in a 2:1 ratio (intervention:control) using a web-based service to ensure allocation concealment. The target sample size is a minimum of 402. The BOOST programme consists of an individual assessment and twelve 90 min classes, including education and discussion underpinned by cognitive behavioural techniques, exercises and walking circuit. During and after the classes, participants undertake home exercises and there are two support telephone calls to promote adherence with the exercises. Best practice advice is delivered in one to three individual sessions with a physiotherapist. The primary outcome is the Oswestry Disability Index at 12 months. Secondary outcomes include the 6 Minute Walk Test, Short Physical Performance Battery, Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and Gait Self-Efficacy Scale. Outcomes are measured at 6 and 12 months by researchers who are masked to treatment allocation. The primary statistical analysis will be by ‘intention to treat’. There is a parallel health economic evaluation and qualitative study. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was given on 3 March 2016 (National Research Ethics Committee number: 16/LO/0349). This protocol adheres to the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials checklist. The results will be reported at conferences and in peer-reviewed publications using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines. A plain English summary will be published on the BOOST website. Trial registration number ISRCTN12698674; Pre-results.
İNSANİ GELİŞME VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ: BAZI AFRİKA ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA

Bu calismada, Afrika kitasinda bulunan 52 ulke arasindan verilerin elverislilik durumuna gore secilen 33 Afrika ulkesinin, 1995-2014 yillarina ait verilerinden yararlanilarak insani gelisme ile ekonomik buyume arasindaki iliski incelenmistir. Calismamizda; insani gelisme endeksi bagimli degisken, egitim harcamalari, kisi basina dusen saglik harcamalari ve GSYH ise bagimsiz degiskenler olarak secilmistir. Analiz kisminda oncelikle serilerin yatay kesit bagimliliklari incelenmistir. Daha sonra panel duraganlik testleri kullanilarak serilerin duraganlik seviyeleri test edilmistir. Seriler duragan hale geldikten sonra, panel ARDL kisa donem analizi sonucunda insani gelisme ile gelir degiskeni arasinda pozitif ve anlamli iliski tespit edilmistir. Fakat insani gelisme ve egitim degiskeni arasindaki iliski negatif ve anlamli bulunmustur. Insani gelisme ve saglik degiskeni arasindaki iliskinin ise pozitif fakat istatistiksel olarak anlamsiz oldugu belirlenmistir. Kisa donem analiz sonuclarinin aksine uzun donem ARDL sonuclarina gore insani gelisme ve gelir degiskeni arasindaki iliski negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamli, insani gelisme ile hem egitim hem de saglik degiskenleri arasindaki iliski ise pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamli olduklari tespit edilmistir. Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel nedensellik testi sonuclarina gore insani gelisme ile gelir, saglik ve egitim degiskenlerinin %5 anlamlilik duzeyinde karsilikli olarak birbirlerinin nedeni oldugu tespit edilmistir. Butun bu sonuclardan hareketle teorinin de ongordugu gibi Afrika ulkeleri icin ekonomik buyumeyi aciklamada sadece gelir degiskenin goz onunde bulundurulmasinin yeterli olmadigi buna ilave olarak egitim ve saglik degiskenlerinin de hesaba katilmasinin dogru olacagi tespit edilmistir. Politika yapicilar ekonomik buyume ve kalkinma planlari yaparken etki gucunu goz onunde bulundurarak kisa donemde gelir degiskenini, uzun donemde ise egitim degiskenini temel alan politikalari devreye sokmalidir.
Bubble Bursting: Universal Cavity and Jet Profiles.

After a bubble bursts at a liquid surface, the collapse of the cavity generates capillary waves, which focus on the axis of symmetry to produce a jet. The cavity and jet dynamics are primarily controlled by a nondimensional number that compares capillary inertia and viscous forces, i.e., the Laplace number La=ργR_{0}/μ^{2}, where ρ, μ, γ, and R_{0} are the liquid density, viscosity, interfacial tension, and the initial bubble radius, respectively. In this Letter, we show that the time-dependent profiles of cavity collapse (tt_{0}) both obey a |t-t_{0}|^{2/3} inviscid scaling, which results from a balance between surface tension and inertia forces. Moreover, we present a scaling law, valid above a critical Laplace number, which reconciles the time-dependent scaling with the recent scaling theory that links the Laplace number to the final jet velocity and ejected droplet size. This leads to a self-similar formula which describes the history of the jetting process, from cavity collapse to droplet formation.
Endodermal pouch-expressed dmrt2b is important for pharyngeal cartilage formation

ABSTRACT Pharyngeal pouches, a series of outpocketings derived from the foregut endoderm, are essential for craniofacial skeleton formation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying endodermal pouch-regulated head cartilage development are not fully understood. In this study, we find that zebrafish dmrt2b, a gene encoding Doublesex- and Mab-3-related transcription factor, is specifically expressed in endodermal pouches and required for normal pharyngeal cartilage development. Loss of dmrt2b doesn't affect cranial neural crest (CNC) specification and migration, but leads to prechondrogenic condensation defects by reducing cxcl12b expression after CNC cell movement into the pharyngeal arches. Moreover, dmrt2b inactivation results in reduced proliferation and impaired differentiation of CNC cells. We also show that dmrt2b suppresses crossveinless 2 expression in endodermal pouches to maintain BMP/Smad signaling in the arches, thereby facilitating CNC cell proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. This work provides insight into how transcription factors expressed in endodermal pouches regulate pharyngeal skeleton development through tissue–tissue interactions. Summary: Transcription factor dmrt2b facilitates cxcl12b expression in endodermal pouches to accelerate cranial neural crest cell condensation, but suppresses crossveinless 2 expression for supporting cell growth and chondrogenic differentiation.
A Multimodal Feature Fusion-Based Deep Learning Method for Online Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery

Rotating machinery usually suffers from a type of fault, where the fault feature extracted in the frequency domain is significant, while the fault feature extracted in the time domain is insignificant. For this type of fault, a deep learning-based fault diagnosis method developed in the frequency domain can reach high accuracy performance without real-time performance, whereas a deep learning-based fault diagnosis method developed in the time domain obtains real-time diagnosis with lower diagnosis accuracy. In this paper, a multimodal feature fusion-based deep learning method for accurate and real-time online diagnosis of rotating machinery is proposed. The proposed method can directly extract the potential frequency of abnormal features involved in the time domain data. Firstly, multimodal features corresponding to the original data, the slope data, and the curvature data are firstly extracted by three separate deep neural networks. Then, a multimodal feature fusion is developed to obtain a new fused feature that can characterize the potential frequency feature involved in the time domain data. Lastly, the fused new feature is used as the input of the Softmax classifier to achieve a real-time online diagnosis result from the frequency-type fault data. A simulation experiment and a case study of the bearing fault diagnosis confirm the high efficiency of the method proposed in this paper.
Regional differences in endoscopic sinus surgery in Finland: a nationwide register-based study

Objectives Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is a common operation typically performed due to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). There are limited data on the nationwide ESS rate and factors contributing to its regional variation. The aim was to evaluate factors causing variation of ESS rate. Design Cross-sectional nationwide observational study. Setting A ll patients undergoing ESS in Finland 2013–2015. Population Nationwide Finnish population aged 15 years or over. Main outcome measures ESS rate per 1000 inhabitants between 2013 and 2015 in all 21 hospital districts and independent factors for multilevel model analyses. Methods We used the Finnish register data of all patients with CRS who underwent ESS in 2013–2015. Patients aged under 15 years and those with ESS due to neoplasia were excluded. The age and gender standardised ESS rates were calculated, and multilevel Poisson regression models were used to evaluate variation in ESS in the 21 hospital districts. The likelihood ratio test was applied to assess the statistical significance of random components in the models. Results The nationwide annual rate of ESS is 0.71 per 1000 people in Finland. Hospital district rates varied from 0.25/1000 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.32) to 1.15/1000 (95% CI 1.09 1.21). Compared with males, females undergo ESS significantly more frequently (57% of the procedures), more often due to CRS without nasal polyps, and at a younger age (mean age 44.2 and 46.2 years, correspondingly). Multilevel analyses showed that lower age (between 24 years and 45 years) and availability/ease of medical services were independently associated with higher ESS rates. Conclusions This study confirms marked regional variation in the ESS rate in Finland, explained only in part by patients’ age and differing availability of medical services. To analyse ESS across different CRS phenotypes or to compare quality registers on ESS properly, more research on regional variation is needed.