Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory Response During Physical Therapist Intervention for Infants and Young Children With Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency

Purpose: To document physical therapist intervention activities and cardiorespiratory response for young children with chronic respiratory insufficiency. Methods: Twelve children born prematurely, 6 to 30 months chronological age and admitted to inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation for oxygen and/or ventilation weaning, were included. During 3 intervention sessions, a second physical therapist recorded intervention activity and heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SaO2), and respiratory rate. Total time and median HR, SaO2, and respiratory rate for each activity were calculated. An analysis of variance was used to compare HR and SaO2 across activity based on intersession reliability. Results: Sitting activities were most frequent and prone least frequent. Median cardiorespiratory measures were within reference standards for age. No adverse effects were seen during intervention and no significant difference was found in HR and SaO2 among intervention activities. Conclusion: Young children with chronic respiratory insufficiency are able to tolerate intervention with close monitoring by the physical therapist.
Real World Occupational Epidemiology, Part 2: A Visual Interpretation of Statistical Significance

T ests of significance in contingency tables represent one of the most useful techniques in occupational epidemiology, and one from which odds ratios (ORs) can be derived to illustrate the probability that an event occurs compared to the probability that it does not. ORs have become a regularly used tool for estimating the relationship between 2 variables, as well as offering a convenient interpretation of case-control studies.1 ORs are often used to signify another fundamental concept in Environmental and Occupational Health (EOH), that being the relative risk (RR) of contracting a particular disease following exposure to a particular hazard. RR estimated by the OR have become a de facto standard for representing “hazard” in modern EOH,2 partly out of tradition, and partly because the OR can provide a reasonable approximation of the RR given certain conditions.3 In a previous paper,4 we described the OR and RR, and reviewed many of their statistical and practical aspects by examining some of Irving Selikoff’s classic asbestos research from the 1960s. There were a few reasons for choosing asbestos data in this regard. Firstly, asbestos is the very model of an occupational hazard.5 It represents one of the most heavily studied EOH hazards of human history5 and one whose legacy still remains today in places such as Wittenoom, Western Australia,6 and Libby, Montana.7 At an international level and despite repeated calls for a universal ban, asbestos is still with us.8 Secondly, from an epidemiological perspective, asbestos represents one of the most important and historically significant case studies in EOH9; and one that regularly appears in, and
FAMILY HISTORY OF DIABETES: THE ROLE OF GRANDPARENTS DATA TO IDENTIFY ADOLESCENTS AT DIABETES RISK

Although it is controversial, there is evidence that behavioural problems and being overweight are associated. Furthermore, relatively few studies have analysed the role of resilience in this relationship. Objective To analyse the association between behaviour problems (BP) and the overweight condition (OW) among adolescents and to examine the role of resilience and gender. Methods A cross-sectional study of 951 adolescents aged 11 e 18 years old who live in Monte Gordo district, a mixed rural-urban region in the northeast of Brazil. The overweight condition was de ﬁ ned as BMI/age z-score greater than +1SD (WHO, 2007). Behaviour problems were estimated by Youth Self Report (YSR/ 11 e 18). Resilience was measured by the Wagnild & Young scale. The 90 th percentile was used as the cut-off for behavioural problems and resilience scores below the 25 th percentile was considered low resilience. OR was obtained using multiple logistic regression. Results We observed an overweight prevalence of 14.7% and iden-ti ﬁ ed behaviour problems in 9.9% of subjects. The association between BP and the overweight condition remained after adjusting for gender, resilience, age, ethnicity and socio-economic level (OR: 2.06; 95% CI 1.23 to 3.46). Low resilience was not signi ﬁ cant but following a strati ﬁ ed analysis for gender we observed an association between BP and OW only in females (OR: 2.54; 95% CI 1.41 to 4.58). Conclusion The results demonstrate an association between behaviour disturbance and the overweight condition in female adolescents with no protective effect of resilience. We recommend greater incentives to reduce the stressors to which adolescents are exposed.
THE THERAPEUTIC USE OF HELIUM

The basis for the proposal of helium as a gas for therapeutic use in certain types of dyspnea occurring in clinical disease depends wholly on its decreased specific gravity in relation to nitrogen.1Since the weight of a comparable volume of nitrogen is seven times greater than that of helium, a mixture of 21 per cent oxygen and 79 per cent helium may be substituted for 21 per cent oxygen and 79 per cent nitrogen, namely air, thus providing a respirable gas mixture which has one-third the density of air. During quiet breathing the influence of such a decrease in weight is practically negligible. The physical law which provides that the force required to move an object is proportional to the weight of the object does not, however, indicate that one-third the effort employed in breathing air would suffice for the inhalation of the helium-oxygen mixture. The pressure maintained
Retracted: Norepinephrine induces VEGF expression and angiogenesis by a hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α protein‐dependent mechanism

A growing number of studies have demonstrated that physiological factors can influence the progression of several cancers via cellular immune function, angiogenesis and metastasis. Recently, stress‐induced catecholamines have been shown to increase the expression of various cancer progressive factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases and interleukins. However, a detailed mechanism remains to be identified. In this study, we investigated the role of adrenergic receptors and hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α protein in catecholamine‐induced VEGF expression and angiogenesis. Treatment of the cells with norepinephrine (NE) or isoproterenol induced VEGF expression and HIF‐1α protein amount in a dose‐dependent manner. Induction of VEGF expression by NE was abrogated when the cells were transfected with HIF‐1α–specific siRNA. Similarly, adenylate cyclase activator forskolin and cyclic AMP‐dependent protein kinase A inhibitor H‐89 enhanced and decreased HIF‐1α protein amount, respectively. More importantly, conditioned medium of NE‐stimulated cancer cells induced angiogenesis in a HIF‐1α protein–dependent manner. In addition, pretreatment of cells with propranolol, a β‐adrenergic receptor (AR) blocker, completely abolished induction of VEGF expression and HIF‐1α protein amount by NE in all of the tested cancer cells. However, treatment with the α1‐AR blocker prazosin inhibited NE‐induced HIF‐1α protein amount and angiogenesis in SK‐Hep1 and PC‐3 but not MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Collectively, our results suggest that ARs and HIF‐1α protein have critical roles in NE‐induced VEGF expression in cancer cells, leading to stimulation of angiogenesis. These findings will help to understand the mechanism of cancer progression by stress‐induced catecholamines and design therapeutic strategies for cancer angiogenesis.
Impact of heavy metal toxicity and constructed wetland system as a tool in remediation

ABSTRACT The objective of this review is to throw light upon the global concern of heavy metal–contaminated sites and their remediation through an ecofriendly approach. Accumulated heavy metals in soil and water bodies gain entry through the food chain and pose serious threat to all forms of life. This has engendered interest in phytoremediation techniques where hyperaccumulators are used. Constructed wetland has a pivotal role and is a cost-effective technique in the remediation of heavy metals. Metal availability and mobility are influenced by the addition of chelating agents, which enhance the availability of metal uptake. This review helps in identifying the critical knowledge gaps and areas to enhance research in the future to develop strategies such as genetically engineered hyperaccumulators to attain an environment devoid of heavy metal contamination.
Uso do protocolo Spikes no ensino de habilidades em transmissão de más notícias

The term "bad news" refers to any information transmitted to patients or their families that directly or indirectly involves a negative change in their lives. Since breaking bad news is a stressful task, many physicians either avoid it or perform it inadequately. This situation has numerous negative consequences for patients and their families. Although the topic has been the object of study in various medical schools around the world, it has still received little attention by faculty and students in Brazil. The SPIKES protocol provides a didactic six-step approach for breaking bad news. These steps were used in the classroom by third-semester medical students at the State University of Ceara, Brazil. The students then evaluated the method using open-ended questions. The method was generally considered valid, despite possible limitations like the need for individualization and adaptation to each specific situation.
Factors associated with metabolic syndrome among Korean office workers

ABSTRACT To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and identify risk factors associated with MetS among Korean office workers, this cross-sectional study was conducted with 776 office workers. The prevalence of MetS was 13.5%; elevated waist circumference (27.5%), elevated fasting glucose (23.1%), elevated triglycerides (22.2%), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (13.4%), and elevated BP (9.4%). Having any medical health problems (OR = 3.98, 95% CI: 2.01–7.85), more knowledge of MetS (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.02–1.56), higher BMI (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.30–1.57), current smoking (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.04–13.73), and physical inactivity (OR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.21–8.58) were significantly associated with increased likelihood of MetS. Addressing the influence of these factors on MetS could lead to the development of workplace-based intervention strategies to encourage lifestyle changes and prevent the risk of MetS among Korean office workers.
The novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, AR‐42, inhibits gp130/Stat3 pathway and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in multiple myeloma cells

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable with current therapy, indicating the need for continued development of novel therapeutic agents. We evaluated the activity of a novel phenylbutyrate‐derived histone deacetylase inhibitor, AR‐42, in primary human myeloma cells and cell lines. AR‐42 was cytotoxic to MM cells at a mean LC50 of 0.18 ± 0.06 μmol/l at 48 hr and induced apoptosis with cleavage of caspases 8, 9 and 3, with cell death largely prevented by caspase inhibition. AR‐42 downregulated the expression of gp130 and inhibited activation of STAT3, with minimal effects on the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, indicating a predominant effect on the gp130/STAT‐3 pathway. AR‐42 also inhibited interleukin (IL)‐6‐induced STAT3 activation, which could not be overcome by exogenous IL‐6. AR‐42 also downregulated the expression of STAT3‐regulated targets, including Bcl‐xL and cyclin D1. Overexpression of Bcl‐xL by a lentivirus construct partly protected against cell death induced by AR‐42. The cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, p16 and p21, were also significantly induced by AR‐42, which together with a decrease in cyclin D1, resulted in G1 and G2 cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, AR‐42 has potent cytotoxicity against MM cells mainly through gp130/STAT‐3 pathway. The results provide rationale for clinical investigation of AR‐42 in MM.
Effects of culturally adaptive walking intervention on cardiovascular disease risks for middle-aged Korean-Chinese female migrant workers

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a standard treatment (ST) walking program compared to an ST walking program enhanced (enhanced treatment, ET) on cardiovascular health outcomes among Korean-Chinese female migrant workers in Korea. A quasi-experimental sequential design was used. A total of 132 Korean-Chinese women without contraindications to physical activity participated in the study. Both ST and ET groups had monthly goal settings; the ET group received text messages to encourage walking adherence and acculturation. A significant decrease was found in 10-year risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), blood pressure, fasting glucose, body mass index, and waist-hip ratio at weeks 12 and 24 in both groups, but there were no significant group differences. This indicates that culturally adaptive walking intervention is a promising way to reduce CVD risk factors for underserved Korean-Chinese migrant women.
Institutional Trust As a Determinant of Anxiety During the SARS Crisis in Hong Kong

SUMMARY The SARS crisis of 2003 in Hong Kong generated widespread public fear and escalated the efforts of government and medical institutions for infection control. As such, the role of the government and medical institution in preventing public fear and anxiety became prominent. As hypothesized, trust in the institutions is especially relevant to public fear and anxiety during the epidemic crisis. For testing hypotheses involving the role of institutional trust, a telephone survey during the crisis in April 2003 and another telephone survey after the crisis in June 2003 drew data from 9,402 Hong Kong adults for analysis. Results indicate the significant negative effects of trust in the government and trust in the medical institution on anxiety. Supporting the aforementioned hypothesis the effect of institutional trust in the government was significantly more negative on anxiety during the crisis than its aftermath. Hence, the government and medical institution are particularly responsible for anxiety reduction during the crisis.
Frequent genomic loss at chr16p13.2 is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer

Genomic alterations play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis. Here, we aimed to identify and characterize recurrent copy‐number alterations (CNAs) associated with clinical outcome of CRC by the use of single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, genomic quantitative PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Colorectal neoplasia specimens and paired germline samples from 144 patients (40 adenomas and 104 carcinomas) as well as 40 CRC cell lines were investigated. This large dataset revealed frequent loss, including homozygous loss, at chr16p13.2 (from 5.9 to 7.42Mb). The loss was observed in 30% of adenomas and even more frequently in carcinomas, 56%, indicating that the loss define a subset of adenomas with a propensity for invasion. Consistent with this, the loss occurred twice as frequent in villous (40%) as in tubular adenomas (20%). The loss occurred independently of microsatellite stability and could be validated by qPCR in an independent sample cohort (n = 71). In Stage II/III, microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC it was associated with poor recurrence free survival (hazard ratio 2.4; p = 0.02; Multivariate Cox regression analysis). No transcriptional consequences of the losses were observed, and the only gene, A2BP1, located in the region showed no mutations. Correlation with other CNAs was established for chr3p22 in carcinomas and chr20p (inverse) in adenomas. FISH documented the chr16p13.2 region to be involved in complex structural rearrangements that included translocation to chr3p22 in some cases. The findings indicate that structural rearrangements involving chr16p13.2 are very frequent in colorectal neoplasia, often lead to homozygous deletion, and are associated with poor clinical outcome.
Chronic Endometritis: A Combined Histopathologic and Clinical Review of Cases From 2002 to 2007

Chronic plasmacytic endometritis (CPE) is an infectious or reactive process with multiple etiologies. The lesion is reportedly often associated with pelvic inflammatory disease and intermenstrual bleeding. However, the clinical significance of the diagnosis when found incidentally and whether particular pathologic findings are associated with clinically important CPE have not been evaluated. We reviewed 105 chronic endometritis cases that had been diagnosed earlier and 130 controls to examine the pathologic and clinical associations in a diverse population.A pathology database was searched for endometrial biopsies diagnosed as CPE, and 105 cases were found. Systematic randomized sampling identified 130 control cases (biopsies not diagnosed as CPE). Slides were carefully reviewed to assess 10 histopathologic features. Clinical records were reviewed for 15 clinical parameters. Analysis was performed using χ2 tests and SAS software.Few patients (3%) received antibiotics or further clinical intervention after the diagnosis of CPE was rendered. The clinical data trended toward fewer menstrual abnormalities as plasma cells increased. The intensity of inflammation showed no association with patient age or symptom duration. Evaluation of controls revealed 17 cases with missed diagnosis of CPE, representing an overall 16% underdiagnosis rate.In CPE, there are no specific clinical features that correlate with the intensity of pathologic findings; the most specific histologic feature is the presence of plasma cells, and it is predominantly identified in weakly proliferative endometrium. There is a clinically insignificant 16% pathologic underdiagnosis rate. In contrast to the findings of past studies, only a small percentage of patients had pelvic inflammatory disease (4%).
Psychological considerations for complete denture patients

One of the most important factors in the diagnosis of prosthodontic patients is their mental attitude. This is not a mechanical or biological problem. It requires understanding of people and the ways in which they may react to situations. Dentists can use their training in psychology to detect patients' attitudes and reactions during diagnostic appointments. They can then modify their own attitudes and reactions so that mutual confidence can be established. This article reviews the importance of personality in dentist-patient communication and of the psychosomatic component in prosthodontic treatment.
Aberrant DNA methylation and tumor suppressive activity of the EBF3 gene in gastric carcinoma

The early B‐cell factors (EBFs) are a group of four highly conserved DNA‐binding transcription factors with an atypical zinc‐finger and a helix‐loop‐helix domain. The EBF3 locus on chromosome 10q26.3 is epigenetically silenced or deleted in several types of cancers. In addition, EBF3 activates genes involved in cell cycle arrest and inhibits cell survival. However, inactivation of EBF3 gene expression was not fully studied in gastric carcinoma and the functions of EBF3 that underlie EBF3‐regulated tumor suppression have not been identified. In our study, we found that inactivation of the EBF3 gene is frequently accompanied by promoter region hypermethylation in several gastric cancer cell lines and that the gene is reactivated by 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza‐dc) and/or trichostatin A (TSA) in all ten gastric cancer cell lines. We performed functional analysis using small interfering RNA or expressional cDNA transfection in gastric cancer cell lines and demonstrate that EBF3 represses gastric cancer cell growth and migration, but activates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Promoter methylation of EBF3 was detected in 42/104 (40.4%) gastric cancer tissues but not in normal gastric tissues. Furthermore, promoter methylation of EBF3 was found to be significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion (p = 0.013) and poor survival (p = 0.038) in gastric carcinoma. These results suggest that EBF3 tumor suppressor is epigenetically silenced and that it serves as an independent prognostic marker in gastric carcinoma.
Downregulation of zinc finger protein 132 in prostate cancer is associated with aberrant promoter hypermethylation and poor prognosis

This study investigates the expression and biomarker potential of zinc finger protein 132 (ZNF132) in prostate cancer (PC) by transcriptional profiling and immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays, including tumor specimens from 615 radical prostatectomy (RP) patients and 199 conservatively treated patients. Primary clinical endpoints were time to PSA recurrence and cancer‐specific death, respectively. Compared to normal prostate epithelial cells from men without PC, ZNF132 transcript levels were significantly reduced in PC cells from patients with localized PC and further downregulated in metastatic PC. Likewise, ZNF132 protein expression was significantly lower in primary tumors from patients with metastatic compared to localized PC and further reduced in castrate‐refractory PC, indicating that ZNF132 downregulation correlates with disease progression. Reduced ZNF132 immunoreactivity was significantly associated with high Gleason score and advanced T stage in both PC patient cohorts. By univariate analysis, no/weak ZNF132 staining was a significant adverse predictor of PSA recurrence after RP (p = 0.024) and cancer‐specific death following conservative treatment (p = 0.009). In multivariate models, however, ZNF132 did not add significant independent value to established prognostic factors. Finally, bisulfite sequencing revealed frequent promoter hypermethylation of ZNF132 in both PC cell lines and PC tissue samples, indicating that ZNF132 is epigenetically silenced in PC. In summary, our results show that downregulation of ZNF132 is associated with aggressive PC and furthermore identify ZNF132 as a new candidate methylation marker for PC.