Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of Broadband Plasmon‐Induced Transparency Hybrid Metamaterial Based on the Interaction of the Metal and Dielectric Resonances

In this paper, a broadband plasmon‐induced transparency (PIT) hybrid metamaterial system (HMS) is realized and numerically demonstrated via the interference between different resonance modes of metal and dielectric resonators. The employed PIT HMS supports a strong near‐fired coupling between unit cells consisting of eight TiO2 nested split rings (dark plasmonic resonators) surrounded by four metal cut wires (bright plasmonic resonators) embedded in the intermediate dielectric layer, and a broad transparency window which is higher than 0.9 is obtained from 0.61 to 0.76 THz with a relative bandwidth of 21.9%. In the transparent window, the drastic change of phase leads to high group delay, and the remarkable slow light phenomenon can be clearly observed. The maximum of the group delay and group index can reach 528 ps and 2880, respectively. The localization distributions of the electromagnetic field intuitively exhibit the generation and action process of destructive interference. The theoretical investigation of the two‐oscillator model further confirms the effectiveness and consistency of the simulation results. In addition, the fourfold symmetric of the proposed PIT HMS supports the liberation from the dependence of incident polarization form. Such an implementation opens a new path for the designing of filtering, switching, and data storing devices.
Evaluating How Mental Health Changed in Australia through the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from the ‘Taking the Pulse of the Nation’ (TTPN) Survey

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health at the level of the population. The current study adds to the evidence base by examining how the prevalence of psychological distress changed in Australia during the pandemic. The study also assesses the psychometric properties of a new single-item measure of mental distress included in a survey program conducted regularly throughout the pandemic. Data are from 1158 respondents in wave 13 (early July 2020) of the nationally representative Taking the Pulse of the Nation (TTPN) Survey. The questionnaire included the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and a new single-item measure of distress. Results show a significant increase in the prevalence of psychological distress in Australia, from 6.3% pre-pandemic to 17.7% in early July 2020 (unadjusted odds ratio = 3.19; 95% CI (confidence interval) = 2.51 to 4.05). The new single-item measure of distress is highly correlated with the K6. This study provides a snapshot at one point in time about how mental health worsened in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, by demonstrating the accuracy of the new single-item measure of distress, this analysis also provides a basis for further research examining the trajectories and correlates of distress in Australia across the pandemic.
Domestic Tourism in COVID-19 Era: Travel Choice in Himalayas Correlates to Geographic Origin and Age

COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent has created recession in the tourism industry on the global scale impacting the livelihood of the millions of people worldwide. Speedy recovery of the tourism industry is essential to ensure the development progress do not retard drastically due to this pandemic. As the world is severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and international tourism will take quite a bit longer time to recover, domestic tourism could be a way forward for the recuperation of the industry. Therefore, this article aims to understand the potential of domestic tourism to keep the momentum of tourism development, after the pandemic situation gets over. Data on general characteristics of the respondents and their attitude towards travel after restrictions are over were collected using online survey. Descriptive and regression analyses were used to understand the relationship between travel decisions and respondents’ attributes. The travel decision was found significantly related to the age and geographic origin of the respondents indicating those who are less susceptible to infection are willing to travel sooner than other. Study indicates the expansion of tourism demand in relatively less popular destinations and diversified tourism products which might pose both the challenges and opportunities for tourism industry in post-COVID-19 situation. The findings of our study are expected to help in planning the post-pandemic recovery of the tourism industry in the country.
Automated Extraction of Cerebral Infarction Region in Head MR Image Using Pseudo Cerebral Infarction Image by CycleGAN

Since recognizing the location and extent of infarction is essential for diagnosis and treatment, many methods using deep learning have been reported. Generally, deep learning requires a large amount of training data. To overcome this problem, we generated pseudo patient images using CycleGAN, which performed image transformation without paired images. Then, we aimed to improve the extraction accuracy by using the generated images for the extraction of cerebral infarction regions. First, we used CycleGAN for data augmentation. Pseudo-cerebral infarction images were generated from healthy images using CycleGAN. Finally, U-Net was used to segment the cerebral infarction region using CycleGAN-generated images. Regarding the extraction accuracy, the Dice index was 0.553 for U-Net with CycleGAN, which was an improvement over U-Net without CycleGAN. Furthermore, the number of false positives per case was 3.75 for U-Net without CycleGAN and 1.23 for U-Net with CycleGAN, respectively. The number of false positives was reduced by approximately 67% by introducing the CycleGAN-generated images to training cases. These results indicate that utilizing CycleGAN-generated images was effective and facilitated the accurate extraction of the infarcted regions while maintaining the detection rate.
The Impact of Drug Interactions in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia on Hospital Length of Stay

(1) Background: An aging society is frequently affected by multimorbidity and polypharmacy, which, in turn, leads to an increased risk for drug interaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of drug interactions on the length of stay (LOS) in hospitals. (2) Methods: This retrospective, single-centre study is based on patients treated for community-acquired pneumonia in the hospital. Negative binomial regression was used to analyse the association between drug interactions and the LOS in the hospital. (3) Results: The total cohort contained 503 patients, yet 46 inpatients (9%) that died were not included in the analyses. The mean age was 74 (±15.3) years, 35% of patients older than 65 years were found to have more than two drug interactions, and 55% had a moderate, severe, or contraindicated adverse drug reaction. The regression model revealed a significant association between the number of drug interactions (rate ratio (RR) 1.02; 95%-CI 1.01–1.04) and the severity of drug interactions (RR 1.22; 95%-CI 1.09–1.37) on the LOS for the overall cohort as well as for the subgroup of patients aged 80 years and older. (4) Conclusion: Drug interactions are an independent risk factor for prolonged hospitalisation. Standardised assessment tools to avoid drug interactions should be implemented in clinical routines.
Macrophages Modulate Hepatic Injury Involving NLRP3 Inflammasome: The Example of Efavirenz

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) constitutes a clinical challenge due to the incomplete characterization of the mechanisms involved and potential risk factors. Efavirenz, an anti-HIV drug, induces deleterious actions in hepatocytes that could underlie induction of the NLRP3 inflammasome, an important regulator of inflammatory responses during liver injury. We assessed the potential of efavirenz to modulate the inflammatory and fibrogenic responses of major liver cell types involved in DILI. The effects of efavirenz were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Efavirenz triggered inflammation in hepatocytes, in a process that involved NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome, and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), thereby enhancing expression of inflammatory and fibrogenic markers. The NLRP3 inflammasome was not altered in efavirenz-treated macrophages, but these cells polarized towards the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype and displayed upregulated anti-inflammatory mediators. Conversely, no evidence of damage was observed in efavirenz-treated animals, except when macrophages were depleted, which resulted in the in vivo manifestation of the deleterious effects detected in hepatocytes and HSCs. Efavirenz elicits a cell-specific activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in hepatocytes and HSCs, but macrophages appear to counteract efavirenz-induced liver injury. Our results highlight the dynamic nature of the interaction among liver cell populations and emphasize the potential of targeting macrophage polarization as a strategy to treat NLRP3 inflammasome-induced liver injury.
A Differential Frequency Hopping(DFH) Signal Detection Method Based on Wavelet Transform and Time-frequency Analysis

In view of the problem of wide frequency band,high hopping speed and hard detection of differential frequency hopping(DFH) signal,a detection method based on time-frequency analysis and parameters estimation by extracting wavelet ridge is presented through comparing and analyzing the detection method using short time Fourier transform(STFT). Detection and parameters estimation performance of this method obviously outperforms that of the method using STFT.If over-sampled rate is not required,the method is robust when the SNR is larger than-7dB.
The Purpose of a Finance Professor

The academic finance profession has the potential to be uniquely purposeful due to four characteristics – the freedom to take risks and work on what we’re passionate about, the loyalty to our profession rather than just our institution, the collaborative nature of the creation and dissemination of knowledge, and the magnitude of our potential impact. However, what the profession currently values, and its current social norms, are significant barriers to the fulfilment of this potential. This article highlights the special features of our profession that we often take for granted and ignore, and proposes ideas to make it not only more impactful and relevant, but also more collegial and fun. JEL Classification: A11, A13, A14, A22, A23, G00
Health and Economic Burden of the 2017 Portuguese Extreme Wildland Fires on Children

Wildland fires release substantial amounts of hazardous contaminants, contributing to a decline in air quality and leading to serious health risks. Thus, this study aimed to understand the contributions of the 2017 extreme wildland fires in Portugal on children health, compared to 2016 (with burned area, in accordance with the average of the previous 15 years). The impact of long-term exposure to PM10 and NO2 concentrations, associated with wildland fires, on postneonatal mortality, bronchitis prevalence, and bronchitis symptoms in asthmatic children was estimated, as well as the associated costs. The excess health burden in children attributable to exposure to PM10 and NO2, was calculated based on WHO HRAPIE relative risks. Fire emissions were obtained from the Fire INventory from NCAR (FINN). The results obtained indicate that the smoke from wildfires negatively impacts children’s lung function (PM10 exposure: increase of 320 and 648 cases of bronchitis in 2016 and 2017; NO2 exposure: 24 and 40 cases of bronchitis symptoms in asthmatic children in 2016 and 2017) and postneonatal mortality (PM10 exposure: 0.2 and 0.4 deaths in 2016 and 2017). Associated costs were increased in 2017 by around 1 million € for all the evaluated health endpoints, compared to 2016.
Neural Network With Hierarchical Attention Mechanism for Contextual Topic Dialogue Generation

The encoder-decoder model has achieved remarkable results in natural language generation. However, in the dialogue generation work, we often ignore the influence of the dialogue context information and topic information in the generation, resulting in the generated replies not close to the context or lack of topic information leads to general responses. In this work, we study the generation of multi-turn dialogues based on a large corpus and take advantage of the context information and topic information of the conversation in the process of dialogue generation to generate more coherent context-sensitive responses. We improve upon existing models and attention mechanisms and propose a new hierarchical model to better solve the problem of dialogue context (the HAT model). This method enables the model to obtain more contextual information when processing and improves the ability of the model in terms of contextual relevance to produce high-quality responses. In addition, to address the absence of topics in the responses, we pre-train the LDA(Latent Dirichlet Allocation) topic model to extract topic words of the dialogue content and retain as much topic information of dialogue as possible. Our model is extensively tested in several corpora, and the experiments illustrate that our model is superior to most hierarchical and non-hierarchical models with respect to multiple evaluation metrics.
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Lifestyle Intervention and Pioglitazone for Normalization of Glucose Status in Chinese with Prediabetes

Aims Prediabetes has been proved as an important risk factor of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous studies have shown that both lifestyle intervention and pioglitazone may delay the development of diabetes in patients with prediabetes. However, no study has ever explored whether these interventions could revert prediabetes to normal glycemic status as the primary outcome. Interventions that may revert prediabetes back to normal glucose status would be of great clinical importance. Materials and Methods We conducted a randomized, multicenter, 2 × 2 factorial designed study to examine whether intensive lifestyle intervention and/or pioglitazone could revert prediabetes to normal glucose tolerance. The participants were followed up for three years unless they reverted to normal glucose state or developed diabetes at the annual oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Reversion to normal glucose tolerance was confirmed on the basis of the results of OGTT. Results In our study, 1945 eligible patients were ultimately randomized into four groups. In this three-year follow-up study, overall, 60.0%, 50.3%, 56.6% and 65.1% reverted back to normoglycemic state over 3 years of follow-up in the conventional lifestyle intervention plus placebo, intensive lifestyle intervention plus placebo, conventional lifestyle intervention plus pioglitazone, and intensive lifestyle intervention plus pioglitazone groups, respectively. Compared to the conventional lifestyle intervention plus placebo group, all the other three groups did not show any significant benefit in terms of reverting back to normoglycemic state. Conclusion In our study, for patients with prediabetes, neither intensive lifestyle intervention nor pioglitazone had led to a higher reversion rate to normal glucose state. Trail registration.http://www.chictr. org.cn: ChiCTR-PRC-06000005.
Behavioral and Emotional Problems of Prisoners’ Children Based on the Children’s Self-Report

The aim of the analyses was to investigate the relations between parental incarceration and the levels of behavioral and emotional problems in children of fathers serving prison sentences, based on the children’s self-report. We tested a criterion group and two control groups. The criterion group consisted of children whose fathers were in prison. The children in control group I were from complete families; the level of problem behaviors in these families and the level of psychological resiliency in these children were similar to the respective levels in the criterion group. Finally, control group II consisted of children whose fathers were not in prison; problem behaviors in their families were basically absent or slight, and their level of resiliency was significantly higher compared to prisoners’ children and control group I. Prisoners’ children exhibited a higher level of emotional and behavioral problems than children from families in which the father was not serving a prison sentence and in which the level of dysfunctions was low. As regards prisoners’ children compared to their peers with a similar level of resiliency and a similar level of problem behavior in the family, statistically significant differences were found only in a few categories of emotional and behavioral problems. Parental incarceration proved to be an additional factor increasing the level of behavioral and emotional problems in children and adolescents—particularly girls—whose fathers were imprisoned.
The Response to Oxidative Damage Correlates with Driver Mutations and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis (MF) is the Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the worst prognosis and no response to conventional therapy. Driver mutations in JAK2 and CALR impact on JAK-STAT pathway activation but also on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS play a pivotal role in inflammation-induced oxidative damage to cellular components including DNA, therefore leading to greater genomic instability and promoting cell transformation. In order to unveil the role of driver mutations in oxidative stress, we assessed ROS levels in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells of MF patients. Our results demonstrated that ROS production in CD34+ cells from CALR-mutated MF patients is far greater compared with patients harboring JAK2 mutation, and this leads to increased oxidative DNA damage. Moreover, CALR-mutant cells show less superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant activity than JAK2-mutated ones. Here, we show that high plasma levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) correlate with detrimental clinical features, such as high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and circulating CD34+ cells. Moreover, in JAK2-mutated patients, high plasma level of TAC is also associated with a poor overall survival (OS), and multivariate analysis demonstrated that high TAC classification is an independent prognostic factor allowing the identification of patients with inferior OS in both DIPSS lowest and highest categories. Altogether, our data suggest that a different capability to respond to oxidative stress can be one of the mechanisms underlying disease progression of myelofibrosis.
Monthly Average Rainfall Forecasting Based On An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System in Upper Brahmani Basin, Odisha, India

Floods disrupt human activities, resulting in the loss of lives and property of a region. Excessive rainfall is one of the reasons for flooding, especially in the downstream areas of a catchment. Because of its complexity, understanding and forecasting rainfall is incredibly a challenge. This study investigates the use of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) in predicting rainfall using several surface weather parameters as predictors. An ANFIS model is developed for forecasting rainfall over the Upper Brahmani Basin by using 30 years of climate data. A hybrid model with six membership functions gives the best forecast for an area. The suggested method blends neural network learning capabilities with language representations of fuzzy systems that are transparent. The application of ANFIS is to the upper Brahmani river basin is tried for the first time. The ANFIS model with various input structures and membership functions has been built, trained, and tested to evaluate the capability of the model. Statistical performance indices are used to evaluate the performance. Using the developed model, forecast is done for year 2021 – 2030.
Detent Force Analysis and Compensation of Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor

Aiming at detent force of PMLSM resulting from slot effect and end effect,a method of reducing detent force by applying a compensation object was proposed.The 2D model of PMLSM was developed through finite element method(FEM),and the detent force of rotor was analyzed.Based on above analysis,the influence of different parameters on detent force of compensation object was studied and the reasonable parameters were determined.At last,the detent force and dynamical performance of PMLSM combined with compensation object was analyzed and verified.Results show that the detent force was greatly reduced and the dynamical performance was improved.
Implementation Model of Equity Participation in Regional Development Banks in Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of competitive advantage in equity participation in PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah for the period of October 2020 which is still in the category of Commercial Banks Based on Business Activities 1. Specifically, this research also tries to build the best implementation model for regional capital participation to PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah which is integrated with the planning and budgeting system and integrated with regional development priorities. We operate qualitative method which aims to get the real picture by developing a process analysis using direct data sources from informants totaling 27 people with very competent status in the field of regional capital participation at PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Bengkulu Province and Central Sulawesi Province. Creswell (2009) states that the research process involves questions and procedures that arise, data that is usually collected in a participant setting, data analysis that is constructed inductively from specific to general themes. The results of the study explain that competitive advantage is seen from the substance of the low cost strategy of 25 (twenty five) Regional General Treasurers as Regional Financial Management Officers, there are 20 (twenty) Regional General Treasurers as Regional Financial Management Officers stating that the implementation of competitive advantage is seen from the substance the low-cost strategy is still not optimal (80% of informants), and 5 (five) Regional General Treasurers as Regional Financial Management Officers explain that currently there is no implementation of the low-cost strategy in the series of processes for capital participation in the work area carried out by PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Bengkulu and in the work area of PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sulawesi Tengah (20% Informants). The best implementation model to build the integration of the provincial/district/city government capital participation system into PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah in an optimal and regulatory manner with operations is: Phase 1, capital participation management is integrated with regional regulations on RPJMD, Restra SKPD documents, and RKPD documents. Stage 2, the management of equity participation is implemented in regional regulations concerning APBD, then realized and evaluated in the general meeting of shareholders and/or other coordination meetings.