Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity of Novel CRHR2 Gene Variants in Type 2 Diabetes and Depression

The corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) gene encodes CRHR2, contributing to the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal stress response and to hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. CRHR2−/− mice are hypersensitive to stress, and the CRHR2 locus has been linked to type 2 diabetes and depression. While CRHR2 variants confer risk for mood disorders, MDD, and type 2 diabetes, they have not been investigated in familial T2D and MDD. In 212 Italian families with type 2 diabetes and depression, we tested 17 CRHR2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), using two-point parametric-linkage and linkage-disequilibrium (i.e., association) analysis (models: dominant-complete-penetrance-D1, dominant-incomplete-penetrance-D2, recessive-complete-penetrance-R1, recessive-incomplete-penetrance-R2). We detected novel linkage/linkage-disequilibrium/association to/with depression (3 SNPs/D1, 2 SNPs/D2, 3 SNPs/R1, 3 SNPs/R2) and type 2 diabetes (3 SNPs/D1, 2 SNPs/D2, 2 SNPs/R1, 1 SNP/R2). All detected risk variants are novel. Two depression-risk variants within one linkage-disequilibrium block replicate each other. Two independent novel SNPs were comorbid while the most significant conferred either depression- or type 2 diabetes-risk. Although the families were primarily ascertained for type 2 diabetes, depression-risk variants showed higher significance than type 2 diabetes-risk variants, implying CRHR2 has a stronger role in depression-risk than type 2 diabetes-risk. In silico analysis predicted variants’ dysfunction. CRHR2 is for the first time linked to/in linkage-disequilibrium/association with depression-type 2 diabetes comorbidity and may underlie the shared genetic pathogenesis via pleiotropy.
Long-term monitoring of the geochemistry of surface water and stream-sediment samples from the Upper Pecos Wilderness to Brantley Dam, north of Carlsbad, eastern New Mexico: Year nine

-Since reclamation of the Pecos mine waste piles, area roads and campgrounds, and the Alamitos Canyon mill area began in 1990-1991 , there has been continued monitoring ofbase metals and trace element concentrations in stream sediments along tbe Pecos River, extending from the upper Pecos River to below Brantley Dam, north of Carlsbad. In 1992, 1996, and 2000, water and stream sediments were san1pled and analyzed for the entire reach. Between 19921996, the upper reach of the river behveen the Pecos Wilderness and Villanueva was sampled on eight occasions as part of a multi-disciplinary study. Five areas of concern included the Pecos mine waste pile (a volcanogenic massive-sulfide deposit containing Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, and Au), the Alamitos Canyon mill tailings (El Molino site 18 km south of the mine), roads and campgrounds north ofTerrero (mine waste material from the Pecos mine waste pile was used as fill), and the Lisboa Springs Fish Hatchery (where several fish kills in 1991-1995 have been attributed to drainage from the mine site and contaminated campground sites). Geochemical analyses of surface-water samples indicate that drainage from the Pecos mine is not significantly affecting the composition of the surface water in tbe area, except in the immediate vicinity of the mine and mill site. Elevated concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd occurred in stream sediments below both the Pecos mine and Alamitos Canyon mill sites, before reclamation began. Collectively, multi-disciplinary studies suggest that Cu, Pb, Zn, and other metals were eroded and leached from the Pecos mine waste pile and the tailings piles in Alamitos Canyon. These geochemical trends confirm a decrease in concentrations with time since reclamation began, especially in the immediate vicinity of tbe Pecos mine (where Cu levels decreased from 310 to 92 ppm; Cd from 17 to4.7 ppm; Pb from 300 to 160 ppm; and Zn from 3100 to 2080) and below tbe confluence of Alamitos Creek (Cu decreased from 270 to 30 ppm; Pb from 590 to 93 ppm; and Zn from 990 to 287 ppm). The overall metal concentrations dramatically decrease in stream sediments below Pecos Village, mostly due to dilution of sediment derived from the red bed
Unified relativistic theory for 1s2p P13-1s2 S01 and 1s2p P11-1s2 S01 frequencies and transition rates in heliumlike ions

The aim of this paper is to test a simple method for converting accurate nonrelativistic predictions of atomic properties into accurate relativistic predictions with a minimum of additional computational effort. The method connects smoothly the exact nonrelativistic LS-coupling results appropriate at small Z with the relativistic jj-coupling results appropriate at large Z. For the processes stated in the title, the method appears to offer a significant improvement in accuracy over relativistic Hartree-Fock or random-phase- approximation calculations, particularly in the low and intermediate range of nuclear charge. For large Z, the present results agree well with the relativistic random-phase approximation.
Potential Inhibitory and Inducing Effects of Triphala Formulation on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes

Triphala formulation is one of the most common traditional medicines used for several health conditions. The study aimed to investigate the inhibitory and inducing potentials of Triphala formulation, including its active compounds gallic acid and ellagic acid, on cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. The inhibitory effects of Triphala formulation, gallic acid and ellagic acid on the 5 major human CYP450 enzymes were evaluated using a bioluminescent CYP450 inhibition assay. Evaluation of inducing effect of Triphala formulation on CYP1A2 and CYP3A1 mRNA expression following daily oral doses of 1,000 and 5,000 mg/kg body weight for 28 days was evaluated using RT-PCR. Gallic acid potently inhibited CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 with a non-competitive nature, while the inhibitory potencies on CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 were weak. Chronic dosing of Triphala formulation at 1,000 and 3,000 mg/kg body weight significantly induced mRNA expression of CYP1A2 but not CYP3A1. Results suggest the propensity of metabolic drug interactions when Triphala formulation was concurrently administered with other conventional drugs or herbal medicines. HIGHLIGHTS Gallic acid potently inhibited CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 with a non-competitive nature Triphala formulation at the dose of 1,000 and 3,000 mg/kg body weight significantly induced mRNA expression of CYP1A2 Results suggest the propensity of metabolic drug interactions when Triphala formulation is concurrently administered with conventional drugs or herbal products by human CYP450 enzymes, particularly CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Older Wheelchair Users Recommend Age-Friendly Design Improvements to a Wheelchair Maintenance App: Mixed Methods Development Study

Background Wheelchair part failures have doubled over the past decade. Preventative wheelchair maintenance reduces wheelchair failures and prevents user consequences. We are developing a smartphone app called WheelTrak, which alerts users when maintenance is required, to encourage maintenance practices and compliance. Objective This mixed methods study aimed to develop a wheelchair maintenance app using broad stakeholder advice and investigate older adults’ interaction experience with the app and their perceived barriers to and facilitators of maintenance. Methods Interviews were conducted with stakeholders, including mobility device users, to generate needs statements and app specifications. The app was designed in 2 stages. Stage 1 involved the development of the app according to the specifications and evaluation of the app interface by lead users. Stage 2 included the revision of the app screens and manual functionality testing. Usability testing and semistructured interviews were conducted with older wheelchair and scooter users. The System Usability Scale was used to measure app usability. Results Interviews with power and manual wheelchair users (37/57, 65%), wheelchair service providers (15/57, 26%), manufacturers (2/57, 4%), seating and mobility researchers (1/57, 2%), and insurance plan providers (2/57, 4%) informed the needs and specifications of the app technology. The 2-stage development process delivered a fully functional app that met the design specifications. In total, 12 older adults (mean age 74.2, SD 9.1 years; n=10, 83% women; and n=2, 17% men) participated in the usability testing study. Of the 12 participants, 9 (75%) agreed to use WheelTrak for preventative maintenance. WheelTrak scored an average System Usability Scale score of 60.25 (SD 16). Four overarching themes were identified: WheelTrak app improvements, barriers to maintenance, consequences related to mobility device failure, and smart technology use and acceptance. Older adults preferred the simplicity, readability, personalization, and availability of educational resources in the app. Barriers to maintenance pertained to health issues and lack of maintenance knowledge among older adults. Facilitators of maintenance included notification for maintenance, app connectivity with the service provider, reporting of device failure, and the presence of a caregiver for maintenance. Conclusions This study highlighted age-friendly design improvements to the app, making it easy to be used and adopted by older wheelchair users. The WheelTrak app has close to average system usability. Additional usability testing will be conducted following app revision in the future.
Detector Design Considerations in High-Dimensional Artificial Immune Systems

Abstract : This research lays the groundwork for a network intrusion detection system that can operate with only knowledge of normal network traffic, using a process known as anomaly detection. Real-valued negative selection (RNS) is a specific anomaly detection algorithm that can be used to perform two-class classification when only one class is available for training. Researchers have shown fundamental problems with the most common detector shape, hyperspheres, in high-dimensional space. The research contained herein shows that the second most common detector type, hypercubes, can also cause problems due to biasing certain features in high dimensions. To address these problems, a new detector shape, the hypersteinmetz solid, is proposed, the goal of which is to provide a tradeoff between the problems plaguing hyperspheres and hypercubes. In order to investigate the potential benefits of the hypersteinmetz solid, an effective RNS detector size range is determined. Then, the relationship between content coverage of a dataset and classification accuracy is investigated. Subsequently, this research shows the tradeoffs that take place in high-dimensional data when hypersteinmetzes are chosen over hyperspheres or hypercubes. The experimental results show that detector shape is the dominant factor toward classification accuracy in high-dimensional RNS.
Development of Interactive Multimedia Using Adobe Animate Software on the Material of Sequences and Series For Class XI MAN Bintan

In the implementation of the teaching and learning process, the use of learning media is still not optimally applied, besides seeing the obstacles experienced by students in learning mathematics, especially the material for rows and Series. So, a solution is needed to deal with the problems that occur. Based on the results of interviews conducted with a mathematics subject teacher, it was found that the teaching materials required by students to support mathematics learning with the demands of the use of technology were in the form of teaching materials that could be run on a computer or smartphone. This study aims to describe the development of learning media in the form of interactive multimedia using Adobe Animate on the material of sequences and Series for class XI Islamic High School (MAN) Bintan, which is valid and practical. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE research model, which stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation; in this current research, it was only until the implementation stage. The subjects of this study were 20 students of class XI MAN Bintan. The types of data in this study are quantitative and qualitative data. Research instruments are media and material validation sheets and questionnaires for teacher and student responses to be checked for practicality. The results showed: (1) the validity of interactive multimedia based on the assessment of media and material experts got an average percentage of 81,37% validity with very valid criteria. (2) the practicality of interactive multimedia based on the questionnaire responses of teachers and students after using interactive multimedia got an average percentage of 89,34% practicality with very practical criteria.
Inorganic Nitrogen-Containing Aerosol Deposition Caused “Excessive Photosynthesis” of Herbs, Resulting in Increased Nitrogen Demand

The amount of atmospheric nitrogen-containing aerosols has increased dramatically due to the globally rising levels of nitrogen from fertilization and atmospheric deposition. Although the balance of carbon and nitrogen in plants is a crucial component of physiological and biochemical indexes and plays a key role in adaptive regulation, our understanding of how nitrogen-containing aerosols affect this remains limited; in particular, regarding the associated mechanisms. Using a fumigation particle generator, we generated ammonium nitrate solution (in four concentrations of 0, 15, 30, 60 kg N hm−2 year−1) into droplets, in 90% of which the diameters were less than 2.5 μm, in the range of 0.35–4 μm, and fumigated Iris germanica L. and Portulaca grandiflora Hook. for 30 days in April and August. We found that the weight percentage of nitrogen in the upper epidermis, mesophyll tissue, and bulk of leaves decreased significantly with the N addition rate, which caused a decrease of carbon:nitrogen ratio, due to the enhanced net photosynthetic rate. Compared with Portulaca grandiflora Hook. , Iris germanica L. responded more significantly to the disturbance of N addition, resulting in a decrease in the weight percentage of nitrogen in the roots, due to a lower nitrogen use efficiency. In addition, the superoxide dismutase activity of the two plants was inhibited with a higher concentration of nitrogen sol; a reduction of superoxide dismutase activity in plants means that the resistance of plants to various environmental stresses is reduced, and this decrease in superoxide dismutase activity may be related to ROS signaling. The results suggest that inorganic nitrogen-containing aerosols caused excessive stress to plants, especially for Iris germanica L.
Calibration and Validation Studies in the LENS Facility

Abstract : This report describes recent developments in the LENS facility, flow field calibration studies, and aerothermal and aero-optical measurements to evaluate the turbulent flow field characteristics of seeker head configurations in hypervelocity airflow. The development of the LENS facility to run at pressure levels up to 30,000 psi and temperatures up to 14,000 deg R are reviewed. Issues associated with diaphragm performance, reservoir configuration, throat melting and burning, and modifications to the facility for large recoil loads at high pressure operation are briefly reviewed. Flow field measurements made during calibration studies are compared with computer predictions. Validation studies with simple seeker head aperture configurations in high enthalpy flows are then discussed. The models and aerothermal and aero-optical instrumentation used in these studies are described. The measurements obtained in flows up to 12,000 ft/sec are compared with similar measurements at lower velocities, simple correlation techniques, and detailed computer simulations.
Research on assembly accuracy prediction based on UG secondary development

Taking the assembly accuracy prediction in the virtual assembly process of parts as the research target, and the automatic generation and solution of the three-dimensional assembly dimension chain as the research object, the automatic generation and solution technology of assembly dimension chain considering the fit deviation is proposed. By preprocessing the selected assembly model, the basic information of the relevant parts is obtained and stored in the corresponding chain table; Based on the response function of UG secondary development, the obtained data are processed, and according to a certain search direction, the increasing link and decreasing link are determined, and the dimension chain is generated; According to the dimension chain output by the result, the relevant information of the seal ring is calculated, so as to realize the prediction of assembly accuracy. Taking the assembly of the Y-axis screw of the CNC machine tool as an example, the prediction function of the assembly accuracy of the established system is verified, and the validity of the research method is confirmed.
A Singular Perturbation Method for Arbitrary Configurations in Subsonic Potential Flow.

Abstract : A method is developed for obtaining uniformly valid solutions about slender bodies (2-D or 3-D) with round leading/trailing edges in compressible subsonic flow. The method is based on the principles of singular perturbation theory and applied to nonlifting thickness problems. The method corrects small perturbation theory (outer solution) with a stagnation region theory (inner solution) yielding uniformly valid solutions. Analytic results of the first and second order method are presented and compared to other methods, including exact numerical results, for the elliptic cylinder. The first order method is shown to be preferred to higher order efforts and is directly applicable to current numerical techniques solving the Prandtl-Glauert equation. Application of the first order method numerically, using a current panel technique, is presented for the NACA 0012 airfoil and a glide bomb configuration. All comparisons of the first order composite results with other methods show excellent agreement and improved results subject to the limits of validity of the theory. The ability to correctly model the flow behavior in stagnation regions using the composite solutions leads to a greater confidence in aerodynamic predictions, especially inviscid drag estimates. (Author)
Periodic Effects of Salinity on Compensatory Expression of Phenotypic Traits in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

different natural calamities. This study was conducted to explore the effects of periodic changes of salinity on different phenotypic traits in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) in order to find out any traits that can be expressed through compensatory growth. Equal sized juvenile Nile tilapias were randomly assigned into two treatments including control treatment (CT: constantly 0 ppt) and salinity treatment (ST: 25 ppt in 1 st and 3 rd month and 0 ppt in 2 nd month). Each treatment contained 45 fish having three replications and the entire study was carried out up to three months. After each experimental month, all the selected phenotypic traits (i. e. standard length, tail length, body area and color pattern) were measured. The results revealed that ST fish had significantly smaller standard length and body area compared to CT fish especially after the 1 st month of the experiment, while no significant variations were found in other months. The study also showed no significant variations in tail length and color patterns between CT and ST fish throughout the experimental months. The findings revealed that ST fish showed a trend of compensatory growth (i.e. recovery of standard length and body area) after 2 nd month of rearing at control condition (0 ppt). The overall results conclude that periodic salinity fluctuation can affect adversely the growth of fish which is an alarming issue for tilapia farmers and other stakeholders. However, the compensatory development of certain traits through phenotypic plasticity can minimize at least these losses.
Measuring spatial nonstationary effects of POI-based mixed use on urban vibrancy using Bayesian spatially varying coefficients model

Abstract Understanding the relationship between mixed land use and urban vibrancy is vital in advanced urban planning applications. This study presents a Bayesian spatially varying coefficient (SVC) model to explore the spatially nonstationary relationship between mixed land use and urban vibrancy after controlling for other factors. We first use the convolutional conditional autoregressive prior to accommodate the ecological bias resulting from unobserved confounders. Then we develop our approach in the case of a single predictor to allow the spatially varying coefficient process. We further introduce a type of the Bayesian SVC model that considers the stratified heterogeneity of the outcome, allowing the coefficients to simultaneously vary at the local and subregion level. We illustrate the proposed model by conducting a case study in Shenzhen using mobile phone data, an officially registered point-of-interest (POI) dataset, and several supplementary datasets. The model evaluation results show that including spatially unstructured and structured component combinations can improve the model's fitness and predictive ability; additionally, considering spatial stratified heterogeneity can further enhance the model's performance. Our findings provide an alternative for measuring the variable local-scale association between mixed-use and urban vibrancy and offer new insights that broaden the fields of environmental science and spatial statistics.
Is Equity Crowdfunding the Leapfrog to Companies' Success? Financial Performance in China

As the fastest-growing crowdfunding model, equity crowdfunding (ECF) brings high returns and uncertainty. In this context, it is crucial to understand these crowdfunding projects' actual performance. Since ECF is currently in the early stage of integration, there are still a lot of risk issues, such as the uncertainty of equity structure, capital supervision, or project management. Therefore, this paper develops a new profitability indicator, “return on registered capital,” to test its impact on the ECF project's actual return. This paper studies which factors affect the financial performance of ECF projects through the traditional statistical model and a deep neural network (DNN) model. There is evidence that return on registered capital affects the actual return of the project. At the same time, the company's operating time and the number of employees had an unexpected effect on project performance. In addition, the recognition accuracy of the DNN model in this study exceeds 97%, which affirms the applicability of the DNN model in the analysis of ECF success factors. This paper also uses tenfold cross-validation to prove that deep learning has certain advantages in this topic's accuracy and generalization error. This study explores whether company representatives' gender and knowledge level affect project performance. The results will be described in detail in the paper.
Hierarchical Clustering Cuckoo Search Optimization Implemented in Optimal Setting of Directional Overcurrent Relays

This study has proposed a hierarchical clustering cuckoo search optimization (HCSO) to solve the optimal setting problems of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) in the power system. Different from the randomly generated stepsize θ in traditional CSO, stepsize θ in HCSO is updated by a hierarchical clustering mechanism, which can balance the searching priority of exploration and exploitation for each solution. The superiority of HCSO is evaluated by solving the DOCRs coordination problem with the 3-bus, 8-bus, and 9-bus system, presented by linear programming (LP), nonlinear programming (NLP), and mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) forms. Results show that under the same parameter setting conditions, the minimum value of the objective function by HCSO has reduced by 10.93 % , 2.93 % , and 0.46 % , respectively, compared to that of CSO in the experimented cases 2, 3, and 4. It verifies that HCSO is more competitive than CSO in solving the DOCRs optimal setting problem irrespective of the DOCRs number and formulation type.