Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The apple FERONIA receptor‐like kinase MdMRLK2 negatively regulates Valsa canker resistance by suppressing defence responses and hypersensitive reaction

Abstract Valsa canker, caused by the fungus Valsa mali, is one of the most destructive diseases of apple trees in China and other East Asian countries. The plant receptor‐like kinase FERONIA is involved in plant cell growth, development, and immunity. However, little is known about the function of FERONIA in apple defence against V. mali. In this study, we found that MdMRLK2 was highly induced by V. mali in twigs of V. mali‐susceptible Malus mellana but not in those of the resistant species Malus yunnaensis. 35S:MdMRLK2 apple plants showed compromised resistance relative to wild‐type (WT) plants. Further analyses indicated that 35S:MdMRLK2 apple plants had enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) levels and reduced salicylic acid (SA) levels relative to the WT on V. mali infection. MdMRLK2 overexpression also suppressed polyphenol accumulation and inhibited the activities of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL), β‐1,3‐glucanase (GLU), and chitinase (CHT) during V. mali infection. Moreover, MdMRLK2 interacted with MdHIR1, a hypersensitive‐induced response protein, and suppressed the MdHIR1‐mediated hypersensitive reaction (HR), probably by impairing MdHIR1 self‐interaction. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that overexpression of MdMRLK2 compromises Valsa canker resistance, probably by (a) altering ABA and SA levels, (b) suppressing polyphenol accumulation, (c) inhibiting PAL, GLU, and CHT activities, and (d) blocking MdHIR1‐mediated HR by disrupting MdHIR1 self‐interaction.
Psychological disorders in patients with orthopaedic oncological diseases and their coping strategies

Background This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression among orthopaedic oncology patients, their quality of life and coping strategies. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited patients from the outpatient orthopaedic oncology clinic at a tertiary institution. Data were collected from self-report questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and Brief Coping with Problems Experienced (Brief COPE). Risk factors were analyzed with multiple logistic regression. Results 191 patients were recruited. The median age was 39.4 years old (IQR 35.0). 29.8% had anxiety, 16.2% had depression, and 15.2% had mixed anxiety and depression. Quality of life median scores differed significantly between patients with anxiety and no anxiety and patients with depression and no depression (p < 0.001). Patients with mixed anxiety and depression had a more inferior quality of life (p < 0.001). Age, psychological health and radiotherapy were inversely associated with anxiety. Physical and psychological health were significantly associated with less depression. Ongoing chemotherapy was significantly associated with anxiety and depression. The commonest coping strategies were denial, behavioural disengagement, venting and self-blame. Conclusion Anxiety and depression are prevalent among orthopaedic oncology patients. Patients with mixed anxiety and depression had a more inferior quality of life. Patients with ongoing chemotherapy had higher risks of anxiety and depression. The commonest coping strategies were denial, behavioural disengagement, venting and self-blame. Psychosocial evaluation followed by appropriate psychiatric referrals and consultations could be established to facilitate orthopaedic oncology patients during their course of treatment.
A Longitudinal Study of Age-Based Change in Blood Pressure Reactivity and Negative Affect Reactivity to Natural Stressors

ABSTRACT Objective Aging is theoretically accompanied by emotional gains, but physiological self-regulatory losses. Emotional and physiological regulation can be operationalized as the extent of an increase in negative affect and blood pressure upon experiencing a stressor (i.e., reactivity). The direction of age-based changes in negative affect reactivity to stressors is uncertain. In addition, evidence for age-based increases in blood pressure reactivity to stressors is based largely on age-based differences observed in cross-sectional and laboratory-based studies. The present study is the first to examine long-term longitudinal changes in stress-related reactivity for both blood pressure and negative affect in the natural environment. Methods A total of 375 healthy adults aged 50 to 70 years completed 6 days of hourly ambulatory blood pressure assessment and electronic diary reports of social conflict and task demand and control. Two hundred fifty-five participants repeated 3 days of assessment in a 6-year follow-up. With reactivity operationalized as the change in an outcome in association with momentary social conflict, task strain, or task demand (i.e., a model-derived slope parameter), multilevel models were used to assess aging-based change in blood pressure and negative affect reactivity over the course of the 6-year follow-up. Results Aging is associated with increased diastolic blood pressure reactivity to social conflict and task demand (βsocial_conflict = 0.48, p = .007; βtask_demand = 0.19, p = .005), increases in negative affect reactivity to social conflict and task strain (βsocial_conflict = 0.10, p < .001; βtask_strain = 0.08, p = .016), and increases in systolic blood pressure reactivity to task-based stress (βtask_strain = 1.29, p = .007; βtask_demand = 0.23 p = .032). Conclusion Findings suggest age-based increases in affective and cardiovascular reactivity to natural stressors.
Psychological Predictors of Response to Open-Label Versus Double-Blind Placebo in a Randomized Controlled Trial in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

ABSTRACT Objective There is growing evidence that open-label placebo (OLP) may be an efficacious treatment of chronic and functional conditions. However, patient-level predictors of response to OLP have not been clearly identified. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychological predictors of response to OLP and to compare this to double-blind placebo (DBP) and no-pill control (NPC). Methods This study is a secondary analysis of data collected in a 6-week randomized controlled trial evaluating placebo effects in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The primary outcome was change in IBS severity. Hierarchical linear regression identified predictors of placebo response in general and compared them between those randomized to OLP, DBP, and NPC. Predictor variables included personality traits, generalized anxiety, depression, visceral sensitivity (a measure of symptom-specific anxiety), and pain catastrophizing. Results A total of 210 participants (mean age = 42.3 years, 73.3% female) were included. Regression models revealed that visceral sensitivity was a predictor of response to OLP and NPC but not DBP. Interestingly, the effects were opposite, with high visceral sensitivity predicting less improvement in NPC and more improvement in OLP. Pain catastrophizing was a negative predictor of response to OLP (i.e., high pain catastrophizing was associated with less improvement in OLP). Neither visceral sensitivity nor pain catastrophizing played a significant role for response to DBP. Conclusions IBS participants who score low on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale but high on the Visceral Sensitivity Index seem to benefit particularly from OLP. Our study suggests that different psychological mechanisms may be involved in DBP and OLP interventions.
Altered Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation in Young Women With Borderline Personality Disorder: An Echocardiographic Study

ABSTRACT Objective Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by intense mood swings, impulsivity, self-injurious behavior, poor anger control, fear of abandonment, and unstable interpersonal relationships. BPD is also associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease, whereby the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. Accordingly, the present study set out to examine whether individuals with BPD would show abnormal myocardial deformation and to explore the role of potential risk factors, including maladaptive stress responsivity, childhood trauma, and current stress exposure. Methods Fifty female patients diagnosed with BPD and 50 controls matched for sex and age underwent echocardiography to determine the global longitudinal strain (GLS) of the left ventricle. In addition, childhood trauma, chronic stress, and “allostatic load” were determined, as well as borderline symptom severity and common risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Results Aside from a significantly greater GLS in BPD patients, a multivariable regression analysis revealed that allostatic load (β = 0.225, p = .048) was significantly associated with GLS, with childhood trauma (β = 0.279, p = .062) approaching significance. Conversely, smoking (p = .867), chronic stress (p = .193), and borderline symptom severity (p = .342) were not associated with GLS, even though bivariate correlations were significant. Conclusions Somatically healthy women with BPD display subtle signs of increased GLS, which is associated with allostatic load as an indicator of the “wear-and-tear” of the body. The association between childhood trauma with GLS was of similar strength but did not reach the threshold for statistical significance. This finding may support the need for primary prevention of somatic consequences of maladaptive stress responsivity in psychiatric patients.
ARACAM: A RGB-D Multi-View Photogrammetry System for Lower Limb 3D Reconstruction Applications

In the world, there is a growing need for lower limb prostheses due to a rising number of amputations caused primarily, by diabetic foot. Researchers enable functional and comfortable prostheses through prosthetic design by integrating new technologies applied to the traditional handcrafted method for prosthesis fabrication that is still current. That is why computer vision shows to be a promising tool for the integration of 3D reconstruction that may be useful for prosthetic design. This work has the objective to design, prototype, and test a functional system to scan plaster cast molds, which may serve as a platform for future technologies for lower limb reconstruction applications. The image capture system comprises 5 stereoscopic color and depth cameras, each with 4 DOF mountings on an enveloping frame, as well as algorithms for calibration, segmentation, registration, and surface reconstruction. The segmentation metrics of dice coefficient and Hausdorff distance (HD) show strong visual similarity with an average similarity of 87% and average error of 6.40 mm, respectively. Moving forward, the system was tested on a known 3D printed model obtained from a computer tomography scan to which comparison results via HD show an average error of ≤1.93 mm thereby making the system competitive against the systems reviewed from the state-of-the-art.
Electromagnetic Modeling of Active Circuit using Wave Concept Iterative Process

The wave concept iterative process is a procedure used for analyses planar circuits, this method consists in generating a recursive relationship between a wave source and reflected waves from the discontinuity plane which is divided into cells. A high computational speed has been achieved by using Fast Modal Transform (FMT). In this paper we study a patch antenna and MESFET transistor, to determine the electromagnetic characteristics of these structures.
Quality of work life and working conditions among oncology nurses: A national online descriptive cross-sectional study

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the quality of work life (QoWL) and working conditions of oncology nurses in Turkey. The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. The data were collected via the introductory information form and Brooks’ Quality of Nursing Work Life Survey. The study was completed with 138 nurses. The factors affecting QoWL were determined using stepwise multiple linear regression. Nurses had a moderate QoWL, and age, duration of working in nursing, the number of nurses, and the working style were significantly associated with QoWL. To improve the QoWL, the nurses’ socio-demographic factors should be considered and working conditions should be improved. Furthermore, well-designed institutional policies should be developed to improve the patient-nurse ratio and provide a quality healthcare. What this paper adds? In the current study, Turkish oncology nurses had a moderate quality of work life. Age, duration of working in the nursing, the number of nurses in the unit and the working style were linked to work-related quality of life in oncology nurses. Well-designed institutional policies should be developed to improve the working conditions and to increase work-related quality of life in oncology nurses.
Speech Enhancement by Multiple Propagation through the Same Neural Network

Monaural speech enhancement aims to remove background noise from an audio recording containing speech in order to improve its clarity and intelligibility. Currently, the most successful solutions for speech enhancement use deep neural networks. In a typical setting, such neural networks process the noisy input signal once and produces a single enhanced signal. However, it was recently shown that a U-Net-based network can be trained in such a way that allows it to process the same input signal multiple times in order to enhance the speech even further. Unfortunately, this was tested only for two-iteration enhancement. In the current research, we extend previous efforts and demonstrate how the multi-forward-pass speech enhancement can be successfully applied to other architectures, namely the ResBLSTM and Transformer-Net. Moreover, we test the three architectures with up to five iterations, thus identifying the method’s limit in terms of performance gain. In our experiments, we used the audio samples from the WSJ0, Noisex-92, and DCASE datasets and measured speech enhancement quality using SI-SDR, STOI, and PESQ. The results show that performing speech enhancement up to five times still brings improvements to speech intelligibility, but the gain becomes smaller with each iteration. Nevertheless, performing five iterations instead of two gives additional a 0.6 dB SI-SDR and four-percentage-point STOI gain. However, these increments are not equal between different architectures, and the U-Net and Transformer-Net benefit more from multi-forward pass compared to ResBLSTM.
Association of nightly fasting duration, meal timing and frequency with the metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults

Abstract Accumulative evidence indicates that meal timing is associated with cardiometabolic risks by deteriorating circadian rhythms. However, evidence is unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relation between nightly fasting duration, meal timing and frequency and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Iranian adults. Eight hundred fifty adults were recruited in this study. Dietary data were collected by 24-h dietary recalls. Time-related eating patterns were determined as nightly fasting duration, occasions of eating, time and energy proportion of first and last meal and meal frequency on a day. The MetS was recognised on the basis of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. A binary logistic regression was applied to examine the relation between meal timing and MetS. A significant inverse relation between habitual nightly fasting duration with MetS (OR = 0·74, 95 % CI 0·55, 0·99, P = 0·04) and ‘increased TAG’ (OR = 0·73, 95 % CI 0·55, 0·98, P = 0·03) was found after confounder adjustment. Also, habitual first and last meal energy had no significant connection with MetS. However, the odds of ‘increased fasting blood glucose’ were lower in subjects who consumed ≥25% of habitual energy intake in the last meal (OR = 0·60, 95 % CI 0·42, 0·85, P = 0·005). Having longer nightly fasting duration may be useful for decreasing the risk of both MetS and ‘elevated TAG’. These findings introduce a new insight that time-related eating patterns, instead of nightly fasting duration alone, might be related to cardiometabolic risks in Iranian adults.
Depletion of Microglia in an Ex Vivo Brain Slice Culture Model of West Nile Virus Infection Leads to Increased Viral Titers and Cell Death

WNV infections of the CNS are rare but can have devastating long-term effects. There are currently no vaccines or specific antiviral treatments, so a better understanding of the pathogenesis and immune response to this virus is crucial. ABSTRACT West Nile virus (WNV) is a major cause of viral encephalitis in the United States. WNV infection of the brain leads to neuroinflammation characterized by activation of microglia, the resident phagocytic cells of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, depletion of CNS microglia using the CSF1R antagonist PLX5622 increased the viral load in the brain and decreased the survival of mice infected with WNV (strain TX02). PLX5622 was also used in ex vivo brain slice cultures (BSCs) to investigate the role of intrinsic neuroinflammatory responses during WNV infection. PLX5622 effectively depleted microglia (>90% depletion) from BSCs resulting in increased viral titers (3 to 4-fold increase in PLX5622-treated samples) and enhanced virus-induced caspase 3 activity and cell death. Microglia depletion did not result in widespread alterations in cytokine and chemokine production in either uninfected or WNV infected BSCs. The results of this study demonstrated how microglia contribute to limiting viral growth and preventing cell death in WNV infected BSCs but were not required for the cytokine/chemokine response to WNV infection. This study highlighted the importance of microglia in the protection from neuroinvasive WNV infection and demonstrated that microglia responses were independent of WNV-induced peripheral immune responses. IMPORTANCE WNV infections of the CNS are rare but can have devastating long-term effects. There are currently no vaccines or specific antiviral treatments, so a better understanding of the pathogenesis and immune response to this virus is crucial. Previous studies have shown microglia to be important for protection from WNV, but more work is needed to fully comprehend the impact these cells have on neuroinvasive WNV infections. This study used PLX5622 to eliminate microglia in an ex vivo brain slice culture (BSC) model to investigate the role of microglia during a WNV infection. The use of BSCs provided a system in which immune responses innate to the CNS could be studied without interference from peripheral immunity. This study will allow for a better understanding of the complex nature of microglia during viral infections and will likely impact the development of new therapeutics that target microglia.
Rabies-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Primary School Students in Chonburi Province, Thailand

In Thailand, rabies is an endemic fatal viral zoonosis where 40% of those infected are under age 15. The aim of this rabies KAP study (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices) is to examine preventive behaviors. A multistage sampling technique was employed for selecting the sample. Of 290 primary school students, 52.1% of them had poor knowledge, 89% had favorable attitudes, and 52.1% exercised proper preventive behaviors. We employed structural equation modeling to verify the systemic relationships and found rabies knowledge (β = .157, se=.059, P = .008) and attitude (β = .206 se=.054, P < .001) were associated with rabies preventive behaviors. Moreover, children in school No.4 statistically had less adept at rabies prevention than others. (β = – .232, se=.054, P < .001). This study highlights the need to strengthen rabies education programs, especially for rabies risk situations among school-aged children.
Humans as Sensors to Evaluate Drinking Water Taste and Odor: A Review

Over the past 70 years, both trained and untrained consumer sensory panels have been used to evaluate and monitor the quality of foods and beverages. Although much has been learned about the strengths and weaknesses of using humans as sensory assessors within a range of businesses, including the water industry, traditional approaches to the sensory evaluation of drinking water can still be improved. Specific limitations of test procedures, designs, and analyses have been identified that need to be addressed to optimize the sensitivity, validity, and reliability of organoleptic testing. Depending on the complexity of the sensory test, it is not sufficient to simply follow a written test procedure. In general, careful attention must be given to the test administration and data evaluation to guard against the many factors that can influence the results. Ultimately, however, humans remain the quintessential sensory analyzers essential for assessing and maintaining the sensory quality of water at the highest levels possible.
New Trends in Balistocardiography

Balistocardiography is a method by which body vibrations caused by heart activity are registered. Evolution during the past fifty years to the present is described. Balistocardiography (BCG) represented by instruments of different natural frequencies and damping should bring information about cardiac output. This expectation was not fulfilled due to the unsuitable physical properties of apparatuses. Quantitative balistocardiography (Q-BCG) was based on the exact physical properties of the newly-developed apparatuses, force acting and force registered were exactly measured and expressed in units of force in Newtons. Quantitative seismography (Q-SCG) opens a new field of cardiovascular dynamics examination. Force applied is registered without amplitude, phase or time distortion. Using this absolutely non-invasive method, a new field of monitoring heart rate variability was opened up. Systolic force as well as heart rate variability in relation to changes in external stimuli are registered. Quantitative seismocardiography probably offers a more complex view of both inotropic and chronotropic heart functions. It will be suitable for: examining operators exposed to stress; for assessing the effect of work, fatigue and mental stress; for monitoring persons as part of disease prevention; for determining a person's ability to carry out their duties both on the ground and in the air.
in Hip A Systematic Literature Review of the Real-World Evidence

Background Total hip arthroplasty (THA) presents as an excellent treatment for the osteoarthritic hip, demonstrating good survival rates. However, aseptic loosening and infection are the main causes of operative revision. The methods used in revision surgery are non-modular or modular THA implants. In addition