Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dietary Heat Extruded Soybean Meal and Protected Fat Supplement on the Production, Blood and Ruminal Characteristics of Holstein Cows*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of protected fat and heat-extruded soybean meal on the lactation performance of Holstein cows. Twenty-four cows, consisting of 20 lactating cows and 4 rumen-fistulated dry cows, were randomly allocated into four groups with 5 lactating cows and 1 fistulated cow in each group. A replicated 4×4 Latin square design with four 21 day periods, including 14 days of adaptation and 7 collection days within each period was employed. The experiment was a 2×2 arrangement, with or without heat-extruded soybean meal and protected fat inclusion. The dietary treatments consisted of supplements of (a) soybean meal (the control), (b) heat-extruded soybean meal, (c) protected fat, and (d) heat-extruded soybean meal and protected fat. The results showed that there were no significant differences in feed intake, milk yield, milk protein content, milk lactose content and body weight change between the dietary treatments. However, cows supplemented with protected fat showed a significantly increased (p<0.05) milk fat yield, 3.5% FCM and total solid yield. The increase in undegradable intake protein (UIP) via heat extruded soybean meal supplement significantly decreased the urea nitrogen concentration in the blood (p<0.05). Dietary fat inclusion significantly increased the blood cholesterol concentration (p<0.01) and decreased the ruminal pH value (p<0.01). Increased dietary UIP significantly decreased the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the rumen (p<0.01), but did not significantly influence the pH and VFA molar percentage in the rumen. It appears that dietary protected fat inclusion could improve milk fat and solid content. Increased dietary undegradable intake protein through heat extruded soybean meal did not improve milk yield. But it could alleviate the adverse effect of decreased milk protein due to dietary fat supplementation. Increased UIP could also decrease the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the rumen and plasma urea nitrogen concentration in the blood. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 6 : 821-827)
Application of Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine for Inspecting Bubble Defects on LED Sealing Glue Images

Bubble defect inspection is an important step in light-emitting diode (LED) packaging processes. It is difficult to detect bubble defects because bubbles are transparent and have irregular shapes in LED sealing glue images. Traditionally, experienced engineers visually check defect regions and exclude defective elements. However, the inspection processes are costly and time-consuming. This paper proposes an automatic bubble defect inspection method for LED sealing glue images. The system automatic locates the sealing glue region. A decision tree is adopted to outline regions of interest (ROI), and many textural and geometric features are extracted from the ROIs. A support-vector-machine (SVM) is used to classify the ROIs as acceptable or defective. Experimental results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed approach.
SALT long-slit spectroscopy of CTS C30.10: two-component Mg II line

Context. Quasars can be used as a complementary tool to SN Ia to probe the distribution of dark energy in the Universe by measuring the time delay of the emission line with respect to the continuum. The understanding of the Mg II emission line structure is important for cosmological application and for the black hole mass measurements of intermediate redshift quasars. Aims. Knowing the shape of Mg II line and its variability allows for identifying which part of the line should be used to measure the time delay and the black hole mass. We thus aim at determining the structure and the variability of the Mg II line, as well as the underlying Fe II pseudo-continuum. Methods. We performed five spectroscopic observations of a quasar CTS C30.10 (z = 0.9000) with the SALT telescope between December 2012 and March 2014, and we studied the variations in the spectral shape in the 2700 A−2900 A rest frame. Results. We show that the Mg II line in this source consists of two kinematic components, which makes the source representative of type B quasars. Both components were modeled well with a Lorentzian shape, and they vary in a similar way. The Fe II contribution seems to be related only to the first (blue) Mg II component. Broad band spectral fitting instead favor the use of the whole line profile. The contribution of the narrow line region to Mg II is very low, below 2%. The Mg II variability is lower than the variability of the continuum, which is consistent with the simple reprocessing scenario. The variability level of CTS C30.10 and the measurement accuracy of the line and continuum is high enough to expect that further monitoring will allow the time delay between the Mg II line and continuum to be measured.
Constructive linear time algorithms for small carving-width

Consider the following problem: For any constant k and any input graph G ,c heck whether there exists a tree Y with internal vertices of degree 3 and a bijection ! mapping the vertices of G to the leaves of Y such that for any edge of Y ,t he number of edges ofG whose endpoints have preimages in di! erent components of Y ! e ,i s bounded byk . T his problem is known as theMinimum Routing Tree Congestion problem and is relevant to the design of minimum congestion telephone networks. Recent results of the Graph Minor series of Robertson and Seymour imply (non-constructively) that this problem is fixed parameter tractable. In this paper we give a constructive proof of this fact. Moreover, the algorithms of our proof are optimal and able to output the corresponding pair (Y,! ) in case of an a" rmative answer.
Influence of information about trip time variability, personal benefits, and environmental harm from cars versus public transportation on the choice of transportation mode

The influence of information about trip time variability, person- al benefits, or environmental harm from cars or public transportation on commuting mode choice (car or subway) is examined in an experimental study. In addition to these experimentally manipulated variables, the influ- ence of prior attitudes towards the subway was verified. The sample is made up of habitual users of the car to travel to work (N = 220, age M = 37.4, SD = 8.1, 63.2% women). The results show that providing infor- mation about the advantages of public transportation, as well as prior atti- tudes towards the subway, decrease the preference, choice, and perceived control of car use. Of the experimentally manipulated variables, infor- mation about the variability of trip time had the greatest influence. These results highlight the importance of taking into account these variables to implement institutional campaigns to reduce car use as transportation mode.
The Effects of a Tax Allowance for Growth and Investment – Empirical Evidence from a Firm-Level Analysis

We contribute to the empirical literature on the debt bias of corporate income taxation through a firm-level evaluation of the European Commission's recent proposal of an Allowance for Growth and Investment (AGI). We use the introduction, the application and the repeal of a similar allowance in Austria during the early 2000s to evaluate the effects of the AGI on corporate equity and profit distribution. Our analysis provides evidence that such an allowance could increase corporate equity ratios by 5.5 percentage points and reduce profit distributions by 7.6 percentage points. These effects are stronger than those the previous literature for traditional Allowance for Corporate Equity (ACE) tax systems has identified. Additionally, we contribute to the recently expanding literature on the influence of ownership on tax planning as we find significant differences in the utilization of the AGI depending on individual specifics of the majority shareholder as well as depending on the number of shareholders of the respective firms
Sensitivity, Precision, and Linear Aggregation of Signals for Performance Evaluation

Several accounting and other signals are generally available for the construction of a managerial performance evaluation measure on which an optimal compensation contract is based. The demand for aggregation in evaluating managerial performance arises because reporting all the basic transactions and other nonfinancial information about performance is costly and impracticable (see Ashton [1982], Casey [1978], and Holmstrom and Milgrom [1987]). We identify necessary and sufficient conditions on the joint density function of the signals under which linear aggregation, a simple and commonly employed way to construct a performance evaluation measure, is optimal. This characterization suggests that the linear form of aggregation is optimal for a large class of situations. Focusing on performance measures that are linear aggregates enables us to determine the relative weights on the individual signals in the optimal linear aggregate, since these weights are invariant for all realizations of the signals. We interpret these weights in terms of statistical characteristics (sensitivity and precision) of the joint distribution of the signals.
The Literature survey on latest Iris Recognition Technique

: With use of advanced image processing methods and tools, it becomes very easy to perform recognition and identification of humans using iris images. There are two main types of images such as Image Captured in Visible Light and Image Captured in NIR Lights. The iris technique is mostly used to human identification and recognition. In the iris recognition system use images are captured under NIR light. Hence identify such image parameters, curves and important location; it is required to automatic identification of human which can improve the identification and recognition of biometric machines. The image processing based methods are mainly three important phases such as image pre-processing, iris segmentation and feature extraction. This paper scope is limited to study on identification and recognition methods. In this paper, aim is to present the study on different recent techniques of human identification using biometric system and different approaches like 1-D DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) filter execution, matching and recognition and circular normalization. The outcome of this paper is to find the current research challenges based on study of different methods of iris recognition system through the comparative study of all recent methods studied.
Adult Attention Deficit Disorder and Aggressive Behaviour: An Exploration of Relationships between Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales and the Aggression Questionnaire

Aggressive and violent behaviour is often associated with a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This article investigates the relationship between adult attention deficit disorder (ADD) and aggressive cognitions. The Aggression Questionnaire and the Brown Attention-Deficit Disorder Scales were administered to two samples: a “low-risk sample” comprising university students (n = 60), and a “high-risk sample” of prison inmates (n = 117). The prevalence of “probable ADD” was found to be higher in the prison sample (33%), compared with the university sample (20%). There were moderate correlations >r = . 5 (p < .01) between total ADHD and Aggression Questionnaire scores in both groups. There were also moderate to strong correlations between subscales of both measures, including cognitive processes such as attention and memory and various forms of aggression, which were particularly apparent in the prison sample. The relationship between ADHD and aggressive behaviour suggests that the treatment of adult ADHD may aid in the management of aggressive behaviour.
«Your Money or Your Life !» The Influence of Injury and Fine Expectations on Helmet Adoption among Motorcyclists in Delhi

Road mortality is a growing burden in many developing countries, although many of these crashes are preventable. Behaviors adopted by road users while traveling is one key dimension on which governments usually play to reduce road accidents, either by stressing the potential injuries or by implementing fines if individuals do not adopt safe behaviors. This paper exploits original data collected among Delhi motorcyclists in 2011. I study the influence of perceived consequences of helmet non-use on the decision whether to wear or not such protective device. I also explore the role of previous experiences in the formation of these beliefs. I find that expected injuries are correlated with helmet use on long distance trips while expectations of fiinancial sanctions are linked with helmet adoption on short distance journeys. Women react more than men to a given level of expected medical expenditures. Furthermore, poorer individuals are more likely to use a helmet for given levels of health costs and traffic fines. Simulations of policies influencing individuals' subjective expectations show that an intensification of police threat and information campaigns would increase helmet adoption among motorcyclists.
Atmospheric influences on the anomalous 2016 Antarctic sea ice decay

Abstract. In contrast to the Arctic, where total sea ice extent (SIE) has been decreasing for the last three decades, Antarctic SIE has shown a small, but significant, increase during the same time period. However, in 2016, an unusually early onset of the melt season was observed; the maximum Antarctic SIE was already reached as early as August rather than the end of September, and was followed by a rapid decrease. The decay was particularly strong in November, when Antarctic SIE exhibited a negative anomaly (compared to the 1979–2015 average) of approximately 2 million km2. ECMWF Interim reanalysis data showed that the early onset of the melt and the rapid decrease in sea ice area (SIA) and SIE were associated with atmospheric flow patterns related to a positive zonal wave number three (ZW3) index, i.e., synoptic situations leading to strong meridional flow and anomalously strong southward heat advection in the regions of strongest sea ice decline. A persistently positive ZW3 index from May to August suggests that SIE decrease was preconditioned by SIA decrease. In particular, in the first third of November northerly flow conditions in the Weddell Sea and the Western Pacific triggered accelerated sea ice decay, which was continued in the following weeks due to positive feedback effects, leading to the unusually low November SIE. In 2016, the monthly mean Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index reached its second lowest November value since the beginning of the satellite observations. A better spatial and temporal coverage of reliable ice thickness data is needed to assess the change in ice mass rather than ice area.
aspect in the imperative across slavica corpus driven pilot study

The paper introduces a quantitative approach to using a parallel corpus for the investigation of category variation across Slavic. As a pilot case study, it presents the corpus-driven study of aspect in the imperative, drawing on 13 versions of Bulgakov’sMaster iMargarita in 11 Slavic languages as included in the ParaSol corpus (vonWaldenfels 2006). Taking departure from imperative contexts in the Russian original, it is shown that differences in aspect use follow an areal pattern. The results are largely consistent with theories such as forwarded by Barentsen (1998, 2008) and Dickey (2000) that emphasize the existence of two focal groups of aspect use in the East and the West and confirm the results of a questionnaire-based study reported in Benacchio (2010).
Use of BioClean and Liquid Biofertilizers in the Temples for Enhancing a Natural Environment

BioClean is the brand name of a liquid bioproduct, which had been produced by using various types of flowers. Liquid biofertilizers had been produced by using local available materials such as vegetables, fruits, herbaceous crops, etc. and molasses as substrate, especially added with 18 species of zymogenic synthetic microorganisms. This generation of bioclean products and liquid biofertilizers are aimed to serve to the environmental cleaning sector and the liquid biofertilizers sector for planting trees in the temples and green areas near the region of Khon Kaen University. The board of 18 zymogenic synthetic microorganisms was transferred from the original microorganisms seeding of previous research products of liquid biofertilizer, such as kku-1 and/or liquid biofertilizer biotech-1. The product composition of bioclean and liquid biofertilizers were investigated by standard methods for standard products, and the quality of products was determined by field testing with crops such as water convolvulus; flowers, and water quality treatment for fish living before servicing products to the temples for natural environment. The services project of both products were designed to treat the two temples of Wat Adulkaewmordee and Wat Nonmuang near the region of Khon Kaen University on the� event� of� "Temples� big� cleaning� day� 2011"� for� natural� environment� treatments� by� utilizing bioclean products at 1:2000 (0.05%) for cleaning and wastewater treatment, and utilizing liquid biofertilizer products at 1:500 for planted trees and green areas. Furthermore, liquid biofertilizer products had been utilized to plant trees along the main road at Khon Kaen University. The evaluation results of satisfactory services rating of projects of bioclean and liquid biofertilizers to the both temples and green areas had satisfactory results as 4.26 average score value or 85.3%, evaluated by the expert board of ten� committees's� considerations.
Combining Unsupervised and Supervised Neural Networks in Cluster Analysis of Gamma-Ray Burst

The paper proposes the use of Kohonen's Self Organizing Map (SOM), and supervised neural networks to find clusters in samples of gamma- ray burst (GRB) using the measurements given in BATSE GRB. The extent of separation between clusters obtained by SOM was examined by cross val- idation procedure using supervised neural networks for classification. A method is proposed for variable selection to reduce the "curse of dimension- ality". Six variables were chosen for cluster analysis. Additionally, principal components were computed using all the original variables and 6 components which accounted for a high percentage of variance was chosen for SOM anal- ysis. All these methods indicate 4 or 5 clusters. Further analysis based on the average profiles of the GRB indicated a possible reduction in the number of clusters.
Hat Yai , Songkhla , Thailand 90112 NOTE RECOGNITION FOR THAI XYLOPHONES

This paper describes the design and implementation of note recognition for Thai xylophones. Thai xylophone is a percussion musical instrument which can be played monophonically and polyphonically. A set of 21 digital bandpass filters are used to determines energy. An energy compensation technique is applied to normalize the loundness of the energy of each note. This paper uses an artificial neuron network to determine if the sound is monophonic (one note) or polyphonic (two notes). The output from the neuron networks specifies the number of highest energy notes (1 or 2) that must be selected for actual notes from the sound. The recognition accuracy obtained is 98.24%. The duration of each note is determined from the sound waveform. The output notes and durations are presented in a MIDI file. The algorithms are implemented in Matlab – as an application program. The user can record sounds, play sounds, and convert the recorded sounds to notes. The program also allows the user to set the threshold value and design a new set of filters that suitable for other xylophones.
Operators on random hypergraphs and random simplicial complexes

Random hypergraphs and random simplicial complexes have potential applications in computer science and engineering. Various models of random hypergraphs and random simplicial complexes on n-points have been studied. Let L be a simplicial complex. In this paper, we study random sub-hypergraphs and random sub-complexes of L. By considering the minimal complex that a sub-hypergraph can be embedded in and the maximal complex that can be embedded in a sub-hypergraph, we define some operators on the space of probability functions on sub-hypergraphs of L. We study the compositions of these operators as well as their actions on the space of probability functions. As applications in computer science, we give algorithms generating large sparse random hypergraphs and large sparse random simplicial complexes.
From economic decline to the current crisis in Italy

The objective of this paper is to show that the current global economic crisis, into which Italy also fell in 2008, represents just the last step of a long declining path for the Italian economy which began in the 1990s, or to be more precise in 1992 and 1993. It is argued that the reasons that explain the long Italian decline, and partly also the deeper recession today, as well as the lack of recovery from the current crisis, can be found in the past reforms of the labour market. In particular, the labour flexibility introduced in the last 15 years had, along with other policies introduced in parallel, cumulative negative consequences on the inequality, on the consumption, on the aggregate demand, on the labour productivity and on the GDP dynamics.
Spin versus charge noise from Kondo traps

Magnetic and charge noise have common microscopic origin in solid state devices, as described by a universal electron trap model. In spite of this common origin, magnetic (spin) and charge noise spectral densities display remarkably different behaviours when many-particle correlations are taken into account, leading to the emergence of the Kondo effect. Our numerical renormalization group results indicate that while spin noise is a universal function of the Kondo temperature, charge noise remains well described by single-particle theory even when the trap is deep in the Kondo regime. This difference survives even in the presence of disorder, showing that noise can be more manageable in devices that are sensitive to magnetic (rather than charge) fluctuations and that the signature of the Kondo effect can be observed in spin noise spectroscopy experiments.