Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bevacizumab combined with re-irradiation in recurrent glioblastoma

Background Glioblastoma is characterized by rich vasculature and abnormal vascular structure and function. Currently, there is no standard treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). Bevacizumab (BEV) has established role of inhibiting neovascularization, alleviating hypoxia in the tumor area and activating the immune microenvironment. BEV may exert synergistic effects with re-irradiation (re-RT) to improve the tumor microenvironment for rGBM. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of a combination of BEV and re-RT for rGBM treatment. Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 26 rGBM patients with surgical pathologically confirmed glioblastoma and at least one event of recurrence were enrolled. All patients were treated with re-RT in combination with BEV. BEV was administered until progression or serious adverse events. Results Median follow-up was 21.9 months for all patients, whereas median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5–9.5 months). In addition, the 6-month and 1-year PFS rates were 65.4% and 28.2%, respectively. The median overall survival (OS), 6-month OS rate, and 1-year OS rate were 13.6 months (95% CI: 10.2–17.0 months), 92.3%, and 67.5%, respectively. The patient showed good tolerance during the treatment with no grade > 3 grade side event and radiation necrosis occurrence rate of 0%. Combined treatment of gross total resection (GTR) before re-RT and concurrent temozolomide during re-RT was an independent prognostic factor that affected both OS and PFS in the whole cohort (OS: 0.067, 95% CI: 0.009–0.521, p = 0.010; PFS: 0.238, 95% CI: 0.076–0.744, p = 0.038). Conclusion In this study, re-RT combined with concurrent and maintenance BEV treatment was safe, tolerable, and effective in rGBM patients. Moreover, GTR before re-RT and selective concurrent temozolomide could further improve patient PFS and OS.
Gut microbiome characteristics of comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and functional gastrointestinal disease: Correlation with alexithymia and personality traits

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with functional gastroenteropathy and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and the relationship between intestinal flora and psychological factors. Materials and methods From March 2020 to December 2020, a total of 35 patients with functional gastroenteropathy and generalized anxiety disorder, 30 healthy controls, 16 patients with functional gastroenteropathy, and 44 patients with generalized anxiety disorder were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. Fecal samples were collected from each group, and the related psychophysiological factors scales (Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, Neurotic Personality Questionnaire, concept of illness questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Severity of Physical Symptoms Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) were improved. 16S rRNA high-pass sequencing was used to determine the correlation between intestinal flora changes and functional gastroenteropathy with generalized anxiety disorder. Then, the scale and gut microbiota results were analyzed for correlation to determine the correlation between personality traits and gut microbiota. Results We found similar intestinal microbiota in patients with functional gastroenterology, generalized anxiety disorder, and functional gastroenteropathy with generalized anxiety disorder. But the relative abundance of Clostridium was significantly increased in patients with functional gastrointestinal disease (FGID) and generalized anxiety. The relative abundance of Haemophilus influenzae was significantly increased in patients with functional gastrointestinal disease without a generalized anxiety disorder. The intestinal microecological composition was significantly correlated with personality traits. Conclusion Functional gastrointestinal disease comorbidity GAD may be related to an increase in the relative abundance of Fusobacterium. FGID non-comorbidity GAD may be related to the increased relative abundance of Hemophilus. The increased relative abundance of Fusobacterium and Megamonas is associated with personality traits such as difficulty describing feelings and difficulty identifying feelings, neuroticism, and negative cognition of disease.
Real-world association of adherence with outcomes and economic burden in patients with tuberculosis from South Korea claims data

Objectives: We analyzed tuberculosis (TB)-related costs according to treatment adherence, as well as the association between treatment adherence, treatment outcomes, and costs related to drug-susceptible TB in South Korea. Methods: Patients who had newly treated TB in South Korea between 2006 and 2015 were selected from nationwide sample claims data and categorized into adherent and non-adherent groups using the proportion of days TB drugs covered. Patients were followed-up from the initiation of TB treatment. The mean five-year cumulative costs per patient were estimated according to adherence. Moreover, we evaluated the relative ratios to identify cost drivers such as adherence, treatment outcomes, and baseline characteristics using generalized linear models. Four treatment outcomes were included: treatment completion, loss to follow-up, death, and the initiation of multidrug-resistant TB treatment. Results: Out of the 3,799 new patients with TB, 2,662 were adherent, and 1,137 were non-adherent. Five years after initiating TB treatment, the mean TB-related costs were USD 2,270 and USD 2,694 in the adherent and non-adherent groups, respectively. The TB-related monthly cost per patient was also lower in the adherent than in the non-adherent (relative ratio = 0.89, 95% CI 0.92–0.98), while patients who were lost to follow-up spent more on TB-related costs (2.52, 2.24–2.83) compared to those who completed the treatment. Conclusion: Non-adherent patients with TB spend more on treatment costs while they have poorer outcomes compared to adherent patients with TB. Improving patient adherence may lead to effective treatment outcomes and reduce the economic burden of TB. Policymakers and providers should consider commitment programs to improve patient’s adherence.
Association of social support with negative emotions among Chinese adolescents during Omicron-related lockdown of Shenzhen City: The roles of rumination and sleep quality

Objective Adolescents are likely to suffer from negative emotions such as depression and anxiety due to the rapid development of biological, cognitive and social changes. Previous studies have indicated possible risk (rumination) and protective (good social support and high sleep quality) factors for depression and anxiety among this age group. The present study is the first to investigate the association between social support and negative emotions during the Outbreak of Omicron variant, on this basis, to further determine the mediating role of rumination and sleep quality on this link. Method A total of 1,065 Chinese middle- and high-school students (51.5% female, Mage = 13.80, SD = 1.20) completed a psychosocial battery, including the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS). Serial multiple mediation analysis was conducted using PROCESS macro based on SPSS. Results Social support, rumination, and sleep quality were significantly negatively correlated with negative emotional states (Ps < 0.05). Further, rumination and sleep quality were found to partially mediate the relationship between social support and negative emotional states. Conclusions For early detection and prevention of depression and anxiety, providing sufficient social support is necessary for adolescents, because rumination and sleep problems are reported during stressful periods, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Relationship between the level of willingness to learn about anti-doping and objective knowledge among Japanese university athletes: A cross-sectional study

Previous studies have indicated that athletes' anti-doping knowledge is inadequate. Athletes' willingness to learn about anti-doping (willingness to learn) may influence their anti-doping knowledge, but the actual situation is unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between athletes' willingness to learn about anti-doping and their objective measurement knowledge and explore directions for educational interventions. The eligible participants were 971 male and 802 female university athletes. We used the ALPHA test (12 questions/four choices; passing index: ≥10 points/80% correct answer rate) to assess objective anti-doping knowledge. The willingness to learn question was, “Would you like to learn more about anti-doping? ” Responses were given on a 4-point scale ranging from 1: strongly disagree to 4: strongly agree. An ANCOVA was conducted with four levels of willingness to learn as the independent variable and ALPHA correct answer rate as the dependent variable, adjusting for confounding factors (years of athletic experience and anti-doping education experience). The percentage of athletes (%) and each ALPHA correct answer rate (%) by the level of willingness to learn was 1: strongly disagree, n = 1.64%, 61.78%; 2: somewhat disagree, n = 13.14%, 62.38%; 3: somewhat agree, n = 62.94%, 64.08%; 4: strongly agree, n = 22.28%, 67.11%. The ALPHA correct answer rates showed significant differences in the main effect by the level of willingness to learn [F(3, 1767) = 2.873, p < 0.05, η2 = 0.01], although the effect size was small, and multiple comparisons showed no significant differences between the levels. The results indicated that the ALPHA correct answer rate did not reach 80% even for the “strongly agree” level of willingness to learn, suggesting that information on anti-doping may be inadequate. The need to provide sufficient educational content to improve knowledge was evident.
Combining fecal microbiome and metabolomics to reveal the disturbance of gut microbiota in liver injury and the therapeutic mechanism of shaoyao gancao decoction

Chemical liver injury is closely related to gut microbiota and its metabolites. In this study, we combined 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 1H NMR-based fecal metabolomics and GC-MS to evaluate the changes in gut microbiota, fecal metabolites and Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in CCl4-induced liver injury in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the therapeutic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (SGD). The results showed that CCl4-induced liver injury overexpressed CYP2E1, enhanced oxidative stress, decreased antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH), increased peroxidative products MDA and inflammatory responses (IL-6, TNF-α), which were ameliorated by SGD treatment. H&E staining showed that SGD could alleviate liver tissue lesions, which was confirmed by the recovered liver index, ALT and AST. Correlation network analysis indicated that liver injury led to a decrease in microbiota correlation, while SGD helped restore it. In addition, fecal metabolomic confirmed the PICRUSt results that liver injury caused disturbances in amino acid metabolism, which were modulated by SGD. Spearman’s analysis showed that liver injury disrupted ammonia transport, urea cycle, intestinal barrier and energy metabolism. Moreover, the levels of SCFAs were also decreased, and the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Blautia, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, UCG-005 and Turicibacter associated with SCFAs were altered. However, all this can be alleviated by SGD. More importantly, pseudo germ-free rats demonstrated that the absence of gut microbiota aggravated liver injury and affected the efficacy of SGD. Taken together, we speculate that the gut microbiota has a protective role in the pathogenesis of liver injury, and has a positive significance for the efficacy of SGD. Moreover, SGD can treat liver injury by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites and SCFAs. This provides useful evidence for the study of the pathogenesis of liver injury and the clinical application of SGD.
Childhood adversity and cognitive impairment in later life

Objectives This study examined the association between childhood adversity and cognitive impairment in later life and explored the potential moderation effect of gender and race. Methods The study sample included 15,133 participants of the Health and Retirement Study (1998–2016 surveys) who had complete data on key study measures and were more than 50. The outcome variable is a dichotomous indicator of cognitive impairment as assessed by the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status for self-respondents and the 16-item Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly for proxies. A total of six childhood adversity indicators included grade retention, parental substance abuse, physical abuse, trouble with the police, moving due to financial hardship, and receipt of help due to financial hardship in early life. The estimation of the association between childhood adversity and cognitive impairment involved Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Grade retention had the largest effect on incident cognitive impairment (HR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.23–1.38, p < 0.001), followed by physical abuse by a parent (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.00–1.20, p = 0.001). The impact of grade retention was more detrimental to women than men (interaction term HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80–1.00, p = 0.048, female as the reference). Parental substance abuse was associated with a lower risk of incident cognitive impairment for most racial groups (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.83–0.95, p = 0.001), but this association was reversed in “non-Hispanic other” race, consisting mainly of Asians (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.05–2.26, p = 0.025). Discussion Some aspects of childhood adversity continue to harm cognitive functioning in later life, while some events may have the opposite effect, with evidence of heterogeneity across gender and race.
Cold Water Immersion Improves the Recovery of Both Central and Peripheral Fatigue Following Simulated Soccer Match-Play

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of cold water immersion (CWI) on the recovery of neuromuscular fatigue following simulated soccer match-play. In a randomized design, twelve soccer players completed a 90-min simulated soccer match followed by either CWI or thermoneutral water immersion (TWI, sham condition). Before and after match (immediately after CWI/TWI through 72 h recovery), neuromuscular and performance assessments were performed. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and twitch responses, delivered through electrical femoral nerve stimulation, were used to assess peripheral fatigue (quadriceps resting twitch force, Qtw,pot) and central fatigue (voluntary activation, VA). Performance was assessed via squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and 20 m sprint tests. Biomarkers of muscle damages (creatine kinase, CK; Lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) were also collected. Smaller reductions in CWI than TWI were found in MVC (-9.9 ± 3%vs-23.7 ± 14.7%), VA (-3.7 ± 4.9%vs-15.4 ± 5.6%) and Qtw,pot (-15.7 ± 5.9% vs. -24.8 ± 9.5%) following post-match intervention (p < 0.05). On the other hand, smaller reductions in CWI than TWI were found only in Qtw,pot (-0.2 ± 7.7% vs. -8.8 ± 9.6%) at 72 h post-match. Afterwards, these parameters remained lower compared to baseline up to 48–72 h in TWI while they all recovered within 24 h in CWI. The 20 m sprint performance was less impaired in CWI than TWI (+11.1 ± 3.2% vs. +18 ± 3.6%, p < 0.05) while SJ and CMJ were not affected by the recovery strategy. Plasma LDH, yet no CK, were less increased during recovery in CWI compared to TWI. This study showed that CWI reduced both central and peripheral components of fatigue, which in turn led to earlier full recovery of the neuromuscular function and performance indices. Therefore, CWI might be an interesting recovery strategy for soccer players.
Dynamic of bacterial and archaeal diversity in a tropical soil over 6 years of repeated organic and inorganic fertilization

The soil microbial community plays important roles in nutrient cycling, plant pathogen suppression, decomposition of residues and degradation of pollutants; as such, it is often regarded as a good indicator of soil quality. Repeated applications of mixed organic and inorganic materials in agriculture improve the soil microbial quality and in turn crop productivity. The soil microbial quality following several years of repeated fertilizer inputs has received considerable attention, but the dynamic of this community over time has never been assessed. We used high-throughput sequencing targeting 16S ribosomal RNA genes to investigate the evolution of the bacterial and archaeal community throughout 6 years of repeated organic and inorganic fertilizer applications. Soils were sampled from a field experiment in La Mare (Reunion Island, France), where different mixed organic-inorganic fertilizer inputs characterized by more or less stable organic matter were applied regularly for 6 years. Soil samples were taken each year, more than 6 months after the latest fertilizer application. The soil molecular biomass significantly increased in some organically fertilized plots (by 35–45% on average), 3–5 years after the first fertilizers application. The significant variations in soil molecular microbial biomass were explained by the fertilization practices (cumulated organic carbon inputs) and sometimes by the soil parameters (sand and soil carbon contents). The structure of the bacterial and archaeal community was more influenced by time than by the fertilization type. However, repeated fertilizer applications over time tended to modify the abundance of the bacterial phyla Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. To conclude, the present study highlights that the soil bacterial and archaeal community is lastingly modified after 6 years of repeated fertilizer inputs. These changes depend on the nature of the organic input and on the fertilization practice (frequency and applied quantity).
Long-Term Successive Biochar Amendments Alter the Composition and α-Diversity of Bacterial Community of Paddy Soil in Rice-Wheat Rotation

The specific effect of long-term successive biochar application on soil fertility, α-diversity, and composition of bacterial community and their correlations remain unclear. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of straw biochar application on soil physical and chemical properties and the diversity and composition of the bacterial communities in 12 consecutive crop seasons. Four treatments: BC1 (2.25 Mgha−1 biochar), BC5 (11.25 Mgha−1 biochar), RS (2.25 Mgha−1 rice straw), and blank control (CK, without biochar or rice straw) were set up. The results indicated that biochar and rice straw reduced the richness indexes of the soil bacterial community (Chao1 and ACE by 10.3%–27.4% and 12.2%–26.4%, respectively). High-throughput sequencing results showed that the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria increased as the amount of biochar increased, while those of norank_c__Acidobacteria and norank_f__Anaerolineaceae Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Nitrospirae decreased. Long-term successive biochar application significantly increased soil pH, available potassium, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity by 5.7%–25.9%, 40.0%–680.0%, 48.0%–217.1%, 51.0%–109.5%, and 5.4%–24.0%, respectively. Soil dissolved organic carbon was slightly decreased by 1.4%–4.0%. Soil pH and C/N were the two major environmental factors affecting the composition of the soil bacterial community according to redundancy analysis. Furthermore, the phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states showed that biochar significantly increased the relative abundance of information on the functions of the metabolism of other amino acids, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites (p < 0.05). Therefore, long-term successive biochar amendment in rice-wheat rotation systems improved soil fertility, altered the structure of the soil bacterial community, and increased the functions of soil bacteria, but decreased the α-diversity of the bacterial community. This study will provide technical and theoretical support for rice-straw carbonization and long-term soil remediation from the perspective of microorganisms.
The Na 1 ,K 1 /H 1 -antiporter Nha1in£uences the plasma membrane potential of Saccharomycescerevisiae

There are three different sodium transport systems (Ena1-4p, Nha1p, Nhx1p) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . The effect of their absence on the tolerance to alkali-metal cations and on the membrane potential was studied. All three sodium transporters were found to participate in the maintenance of Na 1 , Li 1 , K 1 and Cs 1 homeostasis. Measurements of the distribution of a ﬂuorescent potentiometric probe (diS-C 3 (3) assay) in cell suspensions showed that the lack of all three transporters depolarizes the plasma membrane. The overexpression of the Na 1 ,K 1 /H 1 antiporter Nha1 resulted in the hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane and consequently increased the sensitivity to Cs 1 , Tl 1 and hygromycin B. This is the ﬁrst evidence that the activity of a Na 1 ,K 1 /H 1 antiporter could play a role in the homeostatic regulation
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering cell imaging and segmentation with unsupervised data analysis

Coherent Raman imaging has been extensively applied to live-cell imaging in the last 2 decades, allowing to probe the intracellular lipid, protein, nucleic acid, and water content with a high-acquisition rate and sensitivity. In this context, multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (MCARS) microspectroscopy using sub-nanosecond laser pulses is now recognized as a mature and straightforward technology for label-free bioimaging, offering the high spectral resolution of conventional Raman spectroscopy with reduced acquisition time. Here, we introduce the combination of the MCARS imaging technique with unsupervised data analysis based on multivariate curve resolution (MCR). The MCR process is implemented under the classical signal non-negativity constraint and, even more originally, under a new spatial constraint based on cell segmentation. We thus introduce a new methodology for hyperspectral cell imaging and segmentation, based on a simple, unsupervised workflow without any spectrum-to-spectrum phase retrieval computation. We first assess the robustness of our approach by considering cells of different types, namely, from the human HEK293 and murine C2C12 lines. To evaluate its applicability over a broader range, we then study HEK293 cells in different physiological states and experimental situations. Specifically, we compare an interphasic cell with a mitotic (prophase) one. We also present a comparison between a fixed cell and a living cell, in order to visualize the potential changes induced by the fixation protocol in cellular architecture. Next, with the aim of assessing more precisely the sensitivity of our approach, we study HEK293 living cells overexpressing tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), a cancer-related membrane receptor, depending on the presence of its ligand, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Finally, the segmentation capability of the approach is evaluated in the case of a single cell and also by considering cell clusters of various sizes.