Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supporting Young Elite Athletes With Mental Health Issues: Coaches’ Experience and Their Perceived Role

This study explored talent-development coaches’ experiences of athletes having faced mental health issues (MHIs). A second objective was to allow participants to share their opinion on how sport environments could improve the support offered to coaches and athletes encountering MHIs. A thematic analysis was performed on 11 verbatim-transcribed interviews conducted with UK-based talent-development coaches. While monitoring and supporting their athletes’ performance and well-being were viewed as day-to-day practice, dealing with MHIs was, however, not considered part of their role for a variety of reasons. Findings also suggest that coaches need more suitable and context-specific knowledge and tools to appropriately respond to and support their athletes. Generating a better understanding of coaches’ perceived role, knowledge, and needs to adequately support their athletes suffering from MHIs is crucial for the design of sport-specific interventions and for the athletes themselves.
Aliens in the backyard: Did the American bullfrog conquer the habitat of native frogs in the semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest?

The American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus has a natural distribution in North America, but was spread by human activities in different regions around the world. It is listed as the most invasive amphibian species, affecting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the community of native species. In addition, the American bullfrog is extensively associated with lethal pathogens, with high correlation of the presence of this species with population declines and extinctions. Here we test if this alien species has spread through the landscape, establishing populations at new locations. We used diverse methods including georeferencing of satellite images, ethnobiological interviews and field data to evaluate the dispersion and effects of L. catesbeianus introduction on amphibian composition, species number, and density of individuals in forest fragments in an Atlantic Forest landscape. We did not find any relationship between density of individuals, number of species or composition of the native anuran assemblages in forest fragments in relation to the presence or proximity of American bullfrog introduction points. Additionally, we found that the dispersion potential of this species in the studied landscape is zero, as it was only found in those fragments where it was specifically introduced 15 years ago. The species has not established new populations in the landscape. Although exotic, L. catesbeianus thrives in lentic habitats and has no apparent effect on the structural metrics of the native anuran assemblage. Despite this alien species exhibiting a capacity to adapt and survive at the point of introduction, its potential for propagation is limited probably by the fragmented terrestrial landscape and regional stream network.
“It’s really difficult. We’ve only got each other to talk to.” Monitoring, mediation, and good parenting in Australia in the digital age

ABSTRACT Discursively constructed norms about “good” parenting have long tasked parents with monitoring their children’s activities to ensure their safety. Yet contemporary digital media complicate the task of the good parent who is expected to not only know where their children are and what they’re doing, but also what they’re doing online and with digital media. This article draws on qualitative research with forty Australian parents of teenagers to determine the various ways that parents monitored and acquired knowledge about their children’s online activities. Five primary techniques were identified: 1) physical observation; 2) digital surveillance; 3) trust-based and discursive strategies; 4) restriction and control through social or technical means, and 5) talking with other parents. This article contributes to parental mediation literature by exploring what parents know about their children’s online activities, and how they acquire those knowledges. This article points to a number of challenges experienced by parents in monitoring and mediating their children’s online activities, and argues that parents are defaulting to trust-based and discursive strategies as other forms of mediation fail.
A formation mechanism of carbon nanotube films on SiC(0001)

We report a remarkable difference of decomposed structures on the Si(0001) and C(0001) faces of a SiC single crystal observed by using a cross-sectional high-resolution electron microscopy. An aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) film was fabricated on the C face perpendicular to the surface after heating at 1700 °C for half an hour in a vacuum. On the contrary, a very thin layer of graphite sheets parallel to the surface was formed on the Si face under the same condition. It is proposed that the growth of CNTs is determined by the generation of nanocaps at the initial stage, by comparing the difference of the decomposition mechanisms on the both faces.
Coaches Can Utilize Parents to Optimize Youth Athletes’ Sport Experience

Individuals including youth athletes have three basic psychological needs—autonomy, competence, and relatedness—outlined by self-determination theory. In sport, key social agents such as coaches and parents help satisfy these needs. Coaches, as well as fathers and mothers, can independently and interactively satisfy youth athletes’ basic needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness by providing autonomy support and a task-involving motivational climate. It is essential for coaches to understand this to not only better the youth athletes that they coach, but also educate parents who have tremendous influence over the youth athletes and in order to help provide the best environment in which youth athletes can thrive. Coaches should listen to and communicate with parents about their youth athletes and together, as a team, work to give their youth athletes the best chance of success.
On the origins of transverse jet shear layer instability transition

This experimental study explores the physical mechanisms by which a transverse jet’s upstream shear layer can transition from being a convective instability to an absolute/global instability as the jet-to-cross-flow momentum flux ratio $J$ is reduced. As first proposed in computational studies by Iyer & Mahesh (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 790, 2016, pp. 275–307), the upstream shear layer just beyond the jet injection may be analogous to a local counter-current shear layer, which is known for a planar geometry to become absolutely unstable at a large enough counter-current shear layer velocity ratio, $R_{1}$. The present study explores this analogy for a range of transverse jet momentum flux ratios and jet-to-cross-flow density ratios $S$, for jets containing differing species concentrations (nitrogen, helium and acetone vapour) at several different jet Reynolds numbers. These studies make use of experimental data extracted from stereo particle image velocimetry as well as simultaneous stereo particle image velocimetry and acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging. They provide experimental evidence for the relevance of the counter-current shear layer analogy to upstream shear layer instability transition in a nozzle-generated transverse jet.
The complete chloroplast genome of Uraria lagopodioides (Fabaceae)

Abstract The complete chloroplast genome of Uraria lagopodioides is determined in this study. The plastome is 149,828 bp in length and comprises a large single-copy region (83,133 bp), a small single-copy region (18,443 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (24,126 bp). A total of 128 genes were identified, including 83 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The overall GC content is 35.2%. Phylogenetic analysis of 15 plastome sequences within Fabaceae revealed U. lagopodioides was closely related to Desmodium heterocarpon.
A New Subgenus of the Genus Sabethes (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract : A new subgenus, Peytonulus, of the genus Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy is established for seven species previously included in the subgenus Sabethinus Lutz. The subgenus is contrasted with the other subgenera of Sabethes and the type species is illustrated.
λ Mutants Which Persist as Plasmids

Lambda phages mutated in gene N do not kill sensitive host bacteria, but persist as plasmids. Plasmids are formed by genomes containing cI+, and also by sus, ts, or c mutants of cI. Bacteria infected with two or more phage particles give rise to clones in which most of the bacteria are carriers. The introduced λ genomes replicate more than once per bacterial division until there are 10 to 20 λ plasmids per host genome. In bacteria containing both F and λ plasmids, both replicate independently, and elimination by growth in acridine orange is also independent. Carriers of λ Nsus plasmids are not immune, and there is complementation between the plasmids and superinfecting λ mutants.
Distribution and spatial genetic structure of European wildcat in France

Given the problem of hybridization with domestic cats, there is a growing need to identify populations of the European wildcat Felis silvestris silvestris in order to protect the genetic integrity of this subspecies. In this paper, we use known locations of observations of wildcats or recovered carcasses to reassess the distribution of the wildcat in France and, in cases where carcasses were collected, we use both phenotypic and molecular genetic analyses to distinguish wildcats from hybrids with domestic cats. Spatially explicit multivariate analysis of wildcat' genotypes was then performed to define genetic units. Our study confirms the presence of wildcats in a large area of c. 155 000 km2, suggestive of a range of expansion, and divided into two clearly distinct and unconnected areas – the Pyrenees and the north‐eastern part of France. However, European wildcat populations may be decreasing in the French Pyrenees, whereas the north‐eastern part represents the main area (MA) of wildcat presence. This extension does not appear to be primarily due to hybrids, as both wildcats and hybrids were located throughout the MA. In addition, we found that genetic diversity of wildcats in the MA is remarkably high, suggesting that French populations are not threatened by a lack of genetic diversity. Furthermore, wildcats of the MA are structured into two genetically distinct populations that are contiguous and probably extend into Germany to form the largest area of wildcat presence in Europe and an area of major interest for their conservation. Our study calls for localized examination of the feasibility and usefulness of wildlife corridors to enhance connectivity between the different populations, thereby allowing sufficient levels of immigration and gene flow within the regional meta‐population to ensure the long‐term viability of these populations.
Does virtual currency development harm financial stocks’ value? Comparing Taiwan and China markets

Abstract This research incorporated virtual currency development factors into the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and interpreted the effects of bitcoin and fin-tech on the capital market through a deduction of the portfolio theory and innovation diffusion theory (IDT) on changes to financial stocks’ value. This paper examined a total of 67,166 panel data of financial stocks in the two emerging markets of Taiwan and China between July 2016 and April 2019, presenting the following significant findings. (1) Financial stocks in Taiwan’s market are more greatly shocked by the bitcoin and interaction effect between bitcoin and fin-tech than those in China’s market. (2) Even after changing proxy variable or autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity are considered, the asymmetric shocks on financial stocks in Taiwan’s market are still great. (3) The effects of the two variables of bitcoin and interaction with fin-tech on financial stocks are consistently important as the three-factor CAPM model. (4) Transmitted by the changes in currency supply and demand as well as exchange rate volatilities, the spillover effects of virtual currencies and financial innovation indirectly change the currency multiplier of the home country, investors’ sensibility to interest rates, and balance of import and export trades and may eventually impact the gross outputs and inflation of individual economies.
Génétique d’association chez le pin maritime (Pinus pinaster Ait.) pour la croissance et les composantes de la qualité du bois

Au cours des quarante dernieres annees, l’optimisation des methodes sylvicoles et l’introduction de varietes ameliorees ont permis d’accroitre considerablement la productivite du pin maritime. Pour permettre a la filiere bois de disposer d’une matiere premiere de qualite sur ce materiel ameliore, un programme de recherches multidisciplinaire a ete developpe afin d’etudier le determinisme genetique de la qualite du bois. Neuf facteurs de transcription potentiellement impliques dans la xylogenese et l’adaptation des arbres a leur milieu, ont tout d’abord ete sequences dans la population Aquitaine, et leurs patrons de diversite nucleotidique ont ete etudies. Ces patrons ont ete compares a l’attendu de modeles neutres d’evolution et s’en ecartent par un niveau eleve de desequilibre de liaison et l’exces de mutations en frequences intermediaires detectes pour trois de ces genes (HDZ31, LIM2 et MYB1). Ces resultats suggerent des changements de taille de population affectant l’ensemble du genome, et l’action de selection balancee sur l’un d’entre eux (MYB1). Les geniteurs de la population d’amelioration Aquitaine ont ensuite ete genotypes pour 384 marqueurs moleculaires et evalues pour la croissance et les proprietes chimiques du bois. Ces donnees moleculaires et phenotypiques ont permis de mettre en evidence des associations significatives entre la variation pour le diametre du tronc ou la teneur en cellulose du bois et deux marqueurs situes respectivement dans un facteur de transcription HD-Zip (HDZ31) et dans un gene encodant une fascicline. La coherence des resultats de genetique evolutive et de genetique d’association ouvre ainsi des perspectives encourageantes pour la comprehension de l’architecture genetique de la formation du bois chez cette espece. Cependant, le faible nombre d’associations significatives pose de nombreux problemes theoriques et methodologiques qui sont discutes en vue d’ameliorations pour de nouveaux designs experimentaux.
Genetic manipulation of glutathione levels in lettuce: crop performance and resistance to tipburn

The four lettuce (Lactuca saliva) cvs. Evola, King Louie, Pic and Robusto were transformed with the binary expression construct pAFQ70.1, using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL 1. The construct carried the glutathione metabolic genes gshi, gshlI, phgpx and gorI. Both the gshI and gshII genes were fused to sequences encoding the pea glutathione reductase transit peptide (grIp), and were intended to influence glutathione synthesis and metabolism in the chloroplasts. Reverse transcriptase PCR analysis of cvs. King Louie, Pic and Robusto T0 transformants revealed that expression of the transgenes followed a varied pattern. These variations were most likely due to post-transcriptional gene silencing created by the presence of strong promoters, homology with endogenous plant genes and presence of multiple genes in a single vector. The presence of the transgenes, gshI, gshII, phgpx, and gorI, in cv. King Louie T3 homozygous lines was confirmed by genomic DNA dot blots and Southern blots. It was hypothesized that transformants would have an increased glutathione pool in the chloroplasts and thus would be able to withstand the damaging effects of active oxygen species generated by environmental stresses. Leaves of transgenic homozygous T3 cv. King Louie lines were shown to have a 2-fold greater glutathione concentration than their respective azygous counterparts, although total antioxidant activity was similar in all lines. However, this did not result in enhanced stress tolerance, with the homozygous lines exhibiting no physiological or morphological advantage compared to the azygous and wild-type lines when grown under saline stress (150 mM NaCl). Glasshouse trials during the summer of 2005 determined the susceptibility of cv. King Louie T3 homozygous, azygous and wild-type lines to the foliar, stress related disorder tipburn. Wild-type plants grown both under calcium deficient conditions at the University of Nottingham and in a trial at Elsoms Seeds Ltd., Spalding, UK, had a reduced incidence of tipburn compared to transgenic plants of the homozygous and azygous lines. Macroscopic of tipburnt leaves revealed the condition formed sporadically, with small dark sunken necrotic spots spreading along the leaf margin restricting leaf expansion. Microscopic transverse sections of tipburnt leaves showed total collapse, disintegration and necrosis of the leaf structure.
Population genetics of species on the genera Tursiops and Delphinus within the Gulf of California and along the western coast of Baja California

This present study investigated the evolution of population genetic structure of two closely related cetacean species, bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) and common dolphins (Delphinus spp.) within the Gulf of California (GC) and along the West Coast of Baja California. In this study, we found evidence of strong genetic differentiation in both bottlenose and common dolphin populations in the absence of physical barriers. The comparison of the patterns of population genetic differentiation found here for bottlenose and common dolphins supports the hypothesis of local habitat dependence and resource specialization at both the population and putative species level. Fine-geographic scale structure was detected in coastal bottlenose dolphins, which seemed to be strongly associated to the biogeographic subdivision of the Gulf of California and western coast of Baja California. This result suggests that gene flow among bottlenose dolphin coastal populations might be restricted by local dependence on diverse ecological conditions. In contrast, the long-beaked common dolphin genetic structure did not reflect the habitat heterogeneity of the region to the same extent. The difference in foraging specialization between coastal and offshore populations of both bottlenose and common dolphins is reflected in the pattern of genetic structure observed at a broader geographic scale. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that local habitat dependence promotes population differentiation in the absence of physical boundaries to dispersal in these highly mobile species. This study provides an unusual insight into the conditions that lead to incipient speciation in these groups. Divergence among common dolphin populations appears to be associated with changes in the paleoceanographic conditions of the region to the extent that reciprocal monophyly between the sympatric D. delphis and D. capensis forms has evolved within the Holocene timeframe.
Ionosphere over Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station under minima of solar and magnetic activities, and daily insolation: case study for June 2019

We present ionospheric observational results obtained over Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station. Ionospheric parameters (peak electron density and height, electron density and electron and ion temperatures in the topside) during the period near the local winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere (June 28—29, 2019) are considered. The main objective is to show distinctive features of variations in ionospheric parameters during a prolonged period with very low solar and magnetic activities, and minimal daily insolation. Methods. F2 layer peak electron density and height were calculated from ionograms obtained with ionosonde installed at the station with subsequent profile inversion. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and Swarm data acquired over the station are used as well. Diurnal variations of electron density, and electron and ion temperatures at the altitude of the satellites’ orbits were calculated using a set of sub-models of the International Reference Ionosphere-2016 (IRI-2016) model. Results. We found a very good agreement between the observed and model variations of F2 layer peak electron density. Significant (by ~2 times) nighttime enhancement of electron density was observed on June 29. Electron density models show the similar increase of the density at the same time interval but this enhancement is much more smoothed comparing with the observations. Peak height values obtained using ionosonde are very close to ones calculated with the IRI-2016 sub-models. Satellite data are in a good consistency with the IRI model predictions, especially for electron density obtained by Swarm satellite. Conclusions. Multi-instrumental observations revealed a number of unique features of the ionosphere over Antarctic Peninsula under minima of solar and magnetic activities, and daily insolation.
The complete chloroplast genome of Chromolaena odorata (Compositae), a noxious invasive weed to South China

Abstract Chromolaena odorata is a perennial noxious invasive weed to south China. In this study, we assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. odorata by next-generation sequencing technologies. The whole cp genome is 151,270 bp in size, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats (IR 25,080 bp), a large single-copy region (LSC 82,663 bp), and a small single-copy region (SSC 18,447 bp). The genome contains a total of 132 genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNAs, and 8 rRNAs. Furthermore, a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that C. odorata was closely related to Praxelis clematidea and Ageratina adenophora. The cp genome will provide reference for the further investigation and research of C. odorata.
Resistant starch determination adapted to products containing high level of resistant starch

Parmi les differentes methodes de dosage de l'amidon resistant des aliments, celle decrite par CHAMP (1992) est l'une des plus faciles a mettre en œuvre. La presente etude montre que cette methode sous-estime l'amidon resistant dans les produits fortement resistants tels que l'amidon de pomme de terre. Plusieurs adaptations, comme la suppression de l'etape de sechage du residu d'hydrolyse, les modifications des conditions de dispersion (gelatinisation avant la dispersion a la potasse 2M) et l'augmentation de l'activite de l'amyloglucosidase lors de la derniere hydrolyse de l'amidon en glucose, ameliorent le dosage de l'amidon dans le residu d'hydrolyse. En consequence, cette methode modifiee permet la determination precise, avec une bonne repetabilite, des teneurs en amidon resistant, quel que soit le degre de resistance de l'amidon dans l'aliment
Indiscriminate feeding by an alien population of the spotted-thighed frog (Litoria cyclorhyncha) in southern Australia and potential impacts on native biodiversity

Litoria cyclorhyncha (Hylidae) is native to southern Western Australia, but a naturalised population has established on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. We investigated the diet of this exotic population to assess potential impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems. Seventy-six frogs were collected from three different habitats and their diet items assigned to parataxonomic units (PU) within orders. Stomach contents were diverse, containing 467 prey items from 19 orders and 135 PU, with extrapolation suggesting a diet of ∼200 PU. Shannon diversity estimates of prey items consumed produced different rankings for the three habitats at the PU and order level. Therefore, estimates at the order level may not be representative of the actual diversity of prey items. L. cyclorhyncha consumed mainly arthropods and low numbers of conspecific young frogs, geckos and a juvenile house mouse. This generalist, indiscriminate predatory diet is similar to that of other hylids and implies that the species poses a risk to native biodiversity and ecosystem processes by predation and competition. Therefore, further spread of this species needs to be prevented. Our findings can inform effective policies and management actions to mitigate future impacts of L. cyclorhyncha.