Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Considerations of Control Conditions Designs in Randomized Controlled Trials of Exercise Interventions for Cancer Survivors

Background Given the multifaceted complexity in the nature of randomized controlled trials, identifying an appropriate and comparable control condition is an essential step to ensure methodological rigor, which allows for researchers to draw unambiguous conclusions concerning the efficacy of the intervention being studied. Objectives The objectives of this paper are to (a) review the current literature and analyze the control condition designs in exercise interventions targeted for cancer survivors; (b) provide an overview of the benefits and limitations of various types of control conditions used in exercise interventions; (c) discuss the considerations in the design of control conditions for exercise interventions; and (d) suggest recommendations for control condition design in future trials of behavioral interventions. Results The review of randomized controlled trials of exercise training interventions for cancer survivors revealed that the design of control conditions varied. The most commonly employed design could be classified into two major categories: (a) active controls including attention control, add-on controls, and dismantling controls; and (b) inactive controls including no-treatment, usual care, and wait-list control. Examples from the literature are presented. Four principal considerations concerning control condition design, including appropriateness, credibility, appeal, and comparability, are discussed. Recommendations on how to avoid some major threats to validity and potential biases are also provided. Conclusions Careful planning for the control group design is as important as for the intervention group. Researchers can use the considerations presented in the paper to assist in planning for the most appropriate control condition for their study.
Association between Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 2 gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia in the Korean population

Abstract Accumulating evidence indicates that the autophagy process is involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Autophagy plays a fundamental role in neuronal survival and function, and autophagy-related genes have been suggested to be associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. The Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 2 (ULK2) gene has been implicated in autophagy regulation; therefore, we hypothesized that ULK2 polymorphisms may be associated with schizophrenia susceptibility. This study explored the association between polymorphisms of ULK2 and schizophrenia. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs55730189 and rs150122) of ULK2 were genotyped in 279 patients with schizophrenia and 403 healthy individuals using Fluidigm SNPtype assays. We analyzed the genotype distribution of 2 SNPs and haplotypes between patients with schizophrenia and control subjects. The T allele frequency of rs55730189 showed a significant association between patients with schizophrenia and control subjects (P = .003). Genotype frequencies of rs55710189 were found to be significantly different between patients with schizophrenia and control subjects (odds ratio = 6.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.91–24.90, P < .001 in the dominant model [C/T + T/T vs C/C], OR = 6.50, 95% confidence interval = 1.83–23.01, P < .001 in the log-additive model (C/T vs T/T vs C/C)]. In haplotype analysis, the TT haplotype for these 2 SNPs was significantly associated with schizophrenia (P < .001, χ2 = 12.231). Our findings suggest that specific ULK2 polymorphisms may be associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia in the Korean population.
Deadly ears deadly kids deadly communities framework: Evaluation report

The Deadly Ears Deadly Kids Deadly Communities (DEDKDC) Framework was initiated in 2009, and was aligned to the Queensland government’s whole of government close the gap plan, “Making tracks: a state-wide plan towards addressing the gap in health outcomes for Indigenous Queenslanders 2009–2013”. The Framework targets a reduction in the significant rates of otitis media (OM) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. OM is the result of an interaction between medical and environmental causes. As such, the Framework aims to reduce both the incidence and impact of conductive hearing loss associated with OM by intervening at a number of different levels, from the local to the national, and across different sectors.
Physiological TLR4 regulation in human fetal membranes as an explicative mechanism of a pathological preterm case

The integrity of human fetal membranes is crucial for harmonious fetal development throughout pregnancy. Their premature rupture is often the consequence of a physiological phenomenon that has been exacerbated. Beyond all the implied biological processes, inflammation is of primary importance and is qualified as ‘sterile’ at the end of pregnancy. In this study, complementary methylomic and transcriptomic strategies on amnion and choriodecidua explants obtained from the altered (cervix zone) and intact fetal membranes at term and before labour were used. By cross-analysing genome-wide studies strengthened by in vitro experiments, we deciphered how the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), an actor in pathological fetal membrane rupture, is controlled. Indeed, it is differentially regulated in the altered zone and between both layers by a dual mechanism: (1) the methylation of TLR4 and miRNA promoters and (2) targeting by miRNA (let-7a-2 and miR-125b-1) acting on the 3’-UTR of TLR4. Consequently, this study demonstrates that fine regulation of TLR4 is required for sterile inflammation establishment at the end of pregnancy and that it may be dysregulated in the pathological premature rupture of membranes.
Confusion with the definition and diagnostic criteria for acute on chronic pancreatitis: review and recommendations

Abstract Objectives Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a fibroinflammatory disease complicated by episodes of acute inflammation (acute on chronic pancreatitis (ACP)). This entity is common, variably defined and can reflect different pathological mechanisms that requires different interventions. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of how ACP is described, defined and diagnosed in the literature. Methods A systematic search was conducted from January 1993 to June 2020. All articles that used a term to describe ACP in adults were reviewed and definitions and diagnostic criteria were sought. Results After reviewing 2271 abstracts, 848 articles included a term to describe ACP. The most common descriptions were ‘acute on/in CP’ (374), ‘acute exacerbation of CP’ (345) and ‘flare(-up) of CP’ (43). Among the 848 articles, 14 included a pragmatic definition of ACP, and only 2 papers stated diagnostic criteria. These covered both acute inflammation and acute exacerbation of chronic abdominal pain. Conclusion There is no universally accepted term, definition or diagnostic criteria for ACP. A consensus definition is needed to improve quality and comparability of future articles as well as clinical management.
Dendritic cell immunoreceptor drives atopic dermatitis by modulating oxidized CaMKII-involved mast cell activation

Allergens have been identified as potential triggers in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Patients with AD are highly sensitive to cockroach allergen. The underlying mechanism, however, remains undetermined. Here, we established a cockroach allergen–induced AD-like mouse model, and we demonstrate that repeated exposure to cockroach allergen led to aggravated mouse skin inflammation, characterized by increased type 2 immunity, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), and mast cells. Increased mast cells were also observed in patients with AD. Mast cell–deficient mice (KitW-sh/W-sh) showed diminished skin inflammation, suggesting that mast cells are required in allergen-induced skin inflammation. Furthermore, DC immunoreceptor (DCIR) is upregulated in skin mast cells of patients with AD and mediates allergen binding and uptake. DCIR–/– mice or reconstituted KitW-sh/W-sh mice with DCIR–/– mast cells showed a significant reduction in AD-like inflammation. Both in vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrate that DCIR–/– mast cells had reduced IgE-mediated mast cell activation and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Mechanistically, DCIR regulates allergen-induced IgE-mediated mast cell ROS generation and oxidation of calmodulin kinase II (ox-CaMKII). ROS-resistant CaMKII (MM-VVδ) prevents allergen-induced mast cell activation and inflammatory mediator release. Our study reveals a DCIR/ROS/CaMKII axis that controls allergen-induced mast cell activation and AD-like inflammation.
Nanosphere Lithography: A Versatile Approach to Develop Transparent Conductive Films for Optoelectronic Applications

Transparent conductive films (TCFs) are irreplaceable components in most optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, organic light‐emitting diodes, sensors, smart windows, and bioelectronics. The shortcomings of existing traditional transparent conductors demand the development of new material systems that are both transparent and electrically conductive, with variable functionality to meet the requirements of new generation optoelectronic devices. In this respect, TCFs with periodic or irregular nanomesh structures have recently emerged as promising candidates, which possess superior mechanical properties in comparison with conventional metal oxide TCFs. Among the methods for nanomesh TCFs fabrication, nanosphere lithography (NSL) has proven to be a versatile platform, with which a wide range of morphologically distinct nanomesh TCFs have been demonstrated. These materials are not only functionally diverse, but also have advantages in terms of device compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive description of the NSL process and its most relevant derivatives to fabricate nanomesh TCFs. The structure‐property relationships of these materials are elaborated and an overview of their application in different technologies across disciplines related to optoelectronics is given. It is concluded with a perspective on current shortcomings and future directions to further advance the field.
Human Antibodies for Viral Infections.

Antibodies have been used to prevent or treat viral infections since the nineteenth century, but the full potential to use passive immunization for infectious diseases has yet to be realized. The advent of efficient methods for isolating broad and potently neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies is enabling us to develop antibodies with unprecedented activities. The discovery of IgG Fc region modifications that extend antibody half-life in humans to three months or more suggests that antibodies could become the principal tool with which we manage future viral epidemics. Antibodies for members of most virus families that cause severe disease in humans have been isolated, and many of them are in clinical development, an area that has accelerated during the effort to prevent or treat COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Broad and potently neutralizing antibodies are also important research reagents for identification of protective epitopes that can be engineered into active vaccines through structure-based reverse vaccinology. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Immunology, Volume 40 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Network meta-analysis of heat-clearing and detoxifying oral liquid of Chinese medicines in treatment of children's hand-foot-mouth disease

Abstract Background: Hand-foot-mouth is a viral infectious disease characterized by fever, hand foot rash and oral mucosal herpes caused by a variety of enteroviruses. It is often found in preschool children, and its immune system is not well developed, so it is very susceptible to infection by pathogens and epidemics, resulting in rapid progress of the disease. At present, the commonly used Chinese patent medicine oral liquid in our country has good clinical efficacy of antiviral, antibacterial, antiphlogistic and improving immunity, but there is no evidence to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of a variety of oral liquid of Chinese patent medicine. Therefore, this study is aim to use the network meta-analysis to integrate the clinical relevant evidence of direct and indirect comparative relationship, and to conduct quantitative comprehensive statistical analysis and sequencing after the aggregation of different Chinese patent medicine oral liquid with the same evidence body, and then the best clinical medication scheme is selected, which can provide reference value and evidence-based theoretical evidence for clinical optimization of drug selection. Methods: Comprehensive retrieval of CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WANFANG database and the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE database. Search and publish the clinical RCT of these 7 kinds of oral liquid of Chinese patent medicine compared with ribavirin or oral liquid of Chinese patent medicine. The retrieval time is from the establishment of the database to October 31st, 2021. The 2 first authors will screen the literatures that meets the inclusion criteria, extract the data independently according to the predesigned rules, and evaluate the literature quality and bias risk of the included research according to the Cochrane manual standard. Data merging and network meta-analysis were carried out with R programming software to evaluate the ranking probability of all interventions. Results: This network meta-analysis and probability ranking will identify the best Chinese patent medicine oral liquid treatment for Hand-foot-mouth. Conclusion: This study will provide systematic evidence-based medicine evidence for Chinese patent medicine oral liquid treatment for Hand-foot-mouth, and help clinicians, patients with poststroke depression and decision-makers to make more effective, safer and economic optimal treatment plan in the decision-making process. Registration number: INPLASY202210032. The protocol for this systematic review was registered on INPLASY and is available in full on the inplasy.com (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022–1-0032/).
Load-Velocity Relationship Variables to Assess the Maximal Neuromuscular Capacities During the Back-Squat Exercise

Background: The relationship between the external load lifted and movement velocity can be modeled by a simple linear regression, and the variables derived from the load-velocity (L-V) relationship were recently used to estimate the maximal neuromuscular capacities during 2 variants of the back-squat exercise. Hypothesis: The L-V relationship variables will be highly reliable and will be highly associated with the traditional tests commonly used to evaluate the maximal force and power. Study Design: Twenty-four male wrestlers performed 5 testing sessions (a 1-repetition maximum [1RM] session, and 4 experimental sessions [2 with the concentric-only back-squat and 2 with the eccentric-concentric back-squat]). Each experimental session consisted of performing 3 repetitions against 5 loads (45%-55%-65%-75%-85% of the 1RM), followed by single 1RM attempts. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Individual L-V relationships were modeled from the mean velocity collected under all loading conditions from which the following 3 variables were calculated: load-axis intercept (L0), velocity-axis intercept (v0), and area under the line (Aline = L0·v0/2). The back-squat 1RM strength and the maximum power determined as the apex of the power-velocity relationship (Pmax) were also determined as traditional measures of maximal force and power capacities, respectively. Results: The between-session reliability was high for the Aline (coefficient of variation [CV] range = 2.58%-4.37%; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] range = 0.98-0.99) and generally acceptable for L0 and v0 (CV range = 5.08%-9.01%; ICC range = 0.45-0.96). Regarding the concurrent validity, the correlations were very large between L0 and the 1RM strength (rrange = 0.87-0.88) and nearly perfect between Aline and Pmax (r = 0.98-0.99). Conclusion: The load-velocity relationship variables can be obtained with a high reliability (L0, v0, and Aline) and validity (L0 and Aline) during the back-squat exercise. Clinical Relevance: The load-velocity relationship modeling represents a quick and simple procedure to estimate the maximal neuromuscular capacities of lower-body muscles.
Psychological, Nutritional and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross Sectional Study on Egyptian Children

Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is contemplated as the most exceptional global health crisis, becoming a vigorous, powerful destroyer of both health and economy in the 21st century. Although young children are clinically less affected by COVID-19 than adults, they are concomitantly influenced by the pandemic in many aspects. Methods This study is an attempt to investigate the negative effects of the lockdown on the psychological, nutritional, physical, as well as the behavioral aspects among Egyptian children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a formulated online survey among a total of 672 participant aged 6–18 years. Results During the lockdown 58.9% of the participants reported increase in their weight, 64.6% of reported decrease in their physical activity, moreover 86.9% reported increased time consumed on the computer/TV/mobile, and 54.7% reported sleeping problems. Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic had a massive influence on children’s health globally, in many aspects whether medical, physical or psychological. All these intimations have to be highlighted and dealt with clearly to avoid both short/long-term sequel.
Targeting TGF-β for treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta

BACKGROUND Currently, there is no disease-specific therapy for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Preclinical studies demonstrate that excessive TGF-β signaling is a pathogenic mechanism in OI. Here, we evaluated TGF-β signaling in children with OI and conducted a phase I clinical trial of TGF-β inhibition in adults with OI. METHODS Histology and RNA-Seq were performed on bones obtained from children. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment assay, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were used to identify dysregulated pathways. Reverse-phase protein array, Western blot, and IHC were performed to evaluate protein expression. A phase I study of fresolimumab, a TGF-β neutralizing antibody, was conducted in 8 adults with OI. Safety and effects on bone remodeling markers and lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (LS aBMD) were assessed. RESULTS OI bone demonstrated woven structure, increased osteocytes, high turnover, and reduced maturation. SMAD phosphorylation was the most significantly upregulated GO molecular event. GSEA identified the TGF-β pathway as the top activated signaling pathway, and IPA showed that TGF-β1 was the most significant activated upstream regulator mediating the global changes identified in OI bone. Treatment with fresolimumab was well-tolerated and associated with increases in LS aBMD in participants with OI type IV, whereas participants with OI type III and VIII had unchanged or decreased LS aBMD. CONCLUSION Increased TGF-β signaling is a driver pathogenic mechanism in OI. Anti–TGF-β therapy could be a potential disease-specific therapy, with dose-dependent effects on bone mass and turnover. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03064074. FUNDING Brittle Bone Disorders Consortium (U54AR068069), Clinical Translational Core of Baylor College of Medicine Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (P50HD103555) from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USDA/ARS (cooperative agreement 58-6250-6-001), and Sanofi Genzyme.
Academic achievement and emotional and behavioural problems: The moderating role of gender

The present study aimed to explore the association between academic achievement and emotional and behavioural problems and the moderation role of gender in this association. 1350 Portuguese school-aged children and adolescents from first to ninth grade (6–15-year-old), part of a national representative sample, were assessed by teachers and parents with questionnaires from the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA). Results show that academic achievement significantly predicts child and adolescent’s internalizing, externalizing, and total problems. Gender moderates the association between academic achievement and child and adolescent’s externalizing and total problems, both at school and in the family context. The results underscore the relevance of academic achievement in children and adolescent’s emotional and behavioural problems, and particularly in boys.
Dextran sulfate-based MMP-2 enzyme-sensitive SR-A receptor targeting nanomicelles for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an ordinarily occurring autoimmune disease with systemic inflammatory. Targeted drug delivery systems have many successful applications in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In order to develop nanoparticles for targeted delivery of Celastrol (Cel) to rheumatoid arthritis and specific drug release, the dextran sulfate (DS) was modified as the targeting molecular by binding to the scavenger receptor of macrophage. The dextran-sulfate-PVGLIG-celastrol (DS-PVGLIG-Cel), named DPC, amphiphilic polymeric prodrug was synthesized and characterized. The resulting DPC@Cel micelles had the average size of 189.9 nm. Moreover, the micelles had ultrahigh entrapment efficiency (about 44.04%) and zeta potential of −11.91 mV. In the in vitro release study, due to the excessive production of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) at the inflammatory joint, the MMP-2 reactive peptide was used to crack in the inflammatory microenvironment to accelerate the release of Cel. The results have shown that the nanoparticles can effectively deliver Cel to activated macrophages and significantly improve the bioavailability. In vivo experiments showed that DPC@Cel have better anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects and lower systemic toxicity than free Cel. This study provided a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RA.
Adaptive Cluster Management for Energy Efficient Sensor Networks

energy consumption among nodes could also prolong the network life time and improve the efficiency of the network. Key aspect of these schemes are cluster formation, head selection, data aggregation, inter- and intra- cluster communications. This paper describes the problem of wasted energy consumption in existing hierarchical clustering protocols and presents a routing protocol based on LEACH-C that minimizes the variance of energy consumption caused by unbalanced clustering. Our protocol, called variable round controller VARRC uses a variable round time rather than a fixed round time as in LEACH-C, and considers the maximum cluster size to control round time.