Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HYPER HEURISTIC EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH FOR CONSTRUCTING DECISION TREE CLASSIFIERS

Decision tree models have earned a special status in predictive modeling since these are considered comprehensible for human analysis and insight. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) algorithm is one of the renowned decision tree induction algorithms to address the classification as well as regression problems. Finding optimal values for the hyper parameters of a decision tree construction algorithm is a challenging issue. While making an effective decision tree classifier with high accuracy and comprehensibility, we need to address the question of setting optimal values for its hyper parameters like the maximum size of the tree, the minimum number of instances required in a node for inducing a split, node splitting criterion and the amount of pruning. The hyper parameter setting influences the performance of the decision tree model. As researchers, we know that no single setting of hyper parameters works equally well for different datasets. A particular setting that gives an optimal decision tree for one dataset may produce a sub-optimal decision tree model for another dataset. In this paper, we present a hyper heuristic approach for tuning the hyper parameters of Recursive and Partition Trees (rpart), which is a typical implementation of CART in statistical and data analytics package R. We employ an evolutionary algorithm as hyper heuristic for tuning the hyper parameters of the decision tree classifier. The approach is named as Hyper heuristic Evolutionary Approach with Recursive and Partition Trees (HEARpart). The proposed approach is validated on 30 datasets. It is statistically proved that HEARpart performs significantly better than WEKA’s J48 algorithm in terms of error rate, F-measure, and tree size. Further, the suggested hyper heuristic algorithm constructs significantly comprehensible models as compared to WEKA’s J48, CART and other similar decision tree construction strategies. The results show that the accuracy achieved by the hyper heuristic approach is slightly less as compared to the other comparative approaches.
Partial replacement of corn by Euterpe precatoria feeding pigs raised in the Amazon

The objective was to evaluate the potential of using Euterpe precatoria Mart seed to feed pigs. Diets were prepared with different levels of inclusion of acai seed (0; 7.5; 15 and 22.5%), resulting from the extraction of the stern. Forty four castrated weighing approximately 15 kg and average 60 days of birth pigs were used, distributed in four groups according to the level of inclusion of acai kernel. After 56 days of feeding, the pigs' performance and economic viability were evaluated. There was no significant difference in daily feed intake, final weight, weight gain and feed conversion between groups of treatments to the statistical test. The inclusion of up to 22.5% of acai kernels in the diet did not result in a statistical difference in the thickness of backfat, percentage of lean meat and carcass yield, however it increased the gross and partial net revenue and the economic viability in the test, demonstrating the potential from acai seed for the production of slow-growing crossbred pigs in the Amazon region, especially in properties that exploit the sustainable extraction of acai and that can reduce the impact of the fruit residue on the environment when using this by-product in animal feed. Reducing production costs and allowing the promotion of sustainable development in the Amazon region.
The Mechanical Impact of Water Affected the Soil Physical Quality of a Loam Soil under Minimum Tillage and No-Tillage: An Assessment Using Beerkan Multi-Height Runs and BEST-Procedure

The multi-height (low, L = 3 cm; intermediate, M = 100 cm; high, H = 200 cm) Beerkan run methodology was applied on both a minimum tilled (MT) (i.e., up to a depth of 30 cm) and a no-tilled (NT) bare loam soil, and the soil water retention curve was estimated by the BEST-steady algorithm. Three indicators of soil physical quality (SPQ), i.e., macroporosity (Pmac), air capacity (AC) and relative field capacity (RFC) were calculated to assess the impact of water pouring height under alternative soil management practices. Results showed that, compared to the reference low run, M and H runs affected both the estimated soil water retention curves and derived SPQ indicators. Generally, M–H runs significantly reduced the mean values of Pmac and AC and increased RFC for both MT and NT soil management practices. According to the guidelines for assessment of SPQ, the M and H runs: (i) worsened Pmac classification of both MT and NT soils; (ii) did not worsen AC classification, regardless of soil management parameters; (iii) worsened RFC classification of only NT soil, as a consequence of insufficient soil aeration. For both soil management techniques, a strong negative correlation was found between the Pmac and AC values and the gravitational potential energy, Ep, of the water used for the infiltration runs. A positive correlation was detected between RFC and Ep. The relationships were plausible from a soil physics point of view. NT soil has proven to be more resilient than MT. This study contributes toward testing simple and robust methods capable of quantifying soil degradation effects, due to intense rainfall events, under different soil management practices in the Mediterranean environment.
Effectiveness of caregiver-mediated intervention: a pilot study for children with neurodevelopmental disorders

Abstract Objectives: Caregiver-mediated intervention (CMI), based on parent skills training, is a family-mediated intervention model for children with neurodevelopmental disorders, in particular autism spectrum disorder. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CMI. Methods: Thirty-three children (aged 22–69 months from our department) and their caregivers participated in a two-week training course of ten 90-minute lessons. Caregivers were encouraged to try their best to apply intervention skills in both home routines and play routines to encourage the development of cognition, motion, social adaptability, and behavior of children. Demographic information, video-recorded data, and diagnostic scales were collected at two key time points: baseline and post-training (PT – within six months). Results: Three aspects were assessed – primary variables, secondary variables, and correlation analyses. Results showed an improvement in PT in (1) Adult/Child Interaction Fidelity Rating (P < 0.01) and (2) adaptability of Gesell Developmental Scale and stereotyped behaviors and limited interests of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Moreover, a negative correlation occurred between caregiver skill improvement and parent education (P < 0.05), but without correlations with other demographics. Conclusions: As an efficacious family intervention for both children and their caregivers, CMI is worth being generalized widely.
Opportunities and barriers for young rural–urban migrants transitioning from education to work in Kathmandu, Nepal

ABSTRACT This paper explores the opportunities and barriers encountered by young rural–urban migrants as they transition from education to work in Kathmandu, Nepal. It explores the opportunities available to both male and female youth during their transition from education to work and how these opportunities positively influenced their trajectories. On the other hand, the study also presents the barriers experienced by both male and female youth that may have negatively influenced their education-to-work transition processes. Qualitative interviews conducted with 24 participants show that parents’ choices in education, migration to Kathmandu for education or work, going abroad for studies and work, and financial resources were the main experiences of opportunities and barriers influencing their trajectories. Using comparative analysis, gender differences in opportunities and barriers were found among the participants.
Frontline heroes: Bush fires, the Coronavirus (COVID-19) and the Queensland Press

During the catastrophic 2019 and 2020 bushfire season and the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, Queensland’s Courier Mail regularly celebrated firefighters and health workers as national archetypes. By positioning them as the ‘new Anzacs’, the Courier Mail was able to communicate an understanding of the crises using a rhetoric that was familiar, unthreatening and reassuring. The firefighters, both professional and volunteer, were easily subsumed into the mythology’s celebration of national identity. As Queensland’s health workers were predominantly female, urban-based and educated, the article used a more modern iteration of the Anzac mythology better suited to this different context. The emergence of a ‘kinder, gentler Anzac’ in the 1970s and its focus on trauma, suffering and empathy proved equally useful as a rhetorical tool. Both approaches were underpinned by a move away from a narrow military context to the Anzac mythology’s standing as a civic religion that celebrates more universal values such as courage, endurance, sacrifice and comradeship.
A combined sound field prediction method in small classrooms

In this paper, a new combination method for sound field prediction is proposed. An optimization approach based on the genetic algorithm is employed for optimizing the transition frequency of the combined sound field prediction method in classrooms. The selected optimization approach can identify the optimal transition frequency so that the combined sound field prediction can obtain more efficient and accurate prediction results. The proposed combined sound field prediction method consists of a wave-based method and geometric acoustic methods that are separated by the transition frequency. In low frequency domain (below the transition frequency), the sound field is calculated by the finite element method (FEM), while a hybrid geometric acoustic method is employed in the high frequency domain (above the transition frequency). The proposed combined prediction models are validated by comparing them with previous results and experimental measurements. The optimization approach is illustrated by several examples and compared with traditional combination results. Compared to existed sound field prediction simulations in classrooms, the proposed combination methods take the sound field in low frequencies into account. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. Practical applications: This study proposes a combined sound field prediction method separated by transition frequency. A genetic algorithm optimization method is employed for searching the optimal transition frequency. The outcomes of this paper are essential for acoustical designs and acoustical environmental assessments.
Enhanced Drug Anti-Counterfeiting and Verification System for the Pharmaceutical Drug Supply Chain using Blockchain

The safety of the pharmaceutical drug supply chain is a major concern for global public health as the plague of drug counterfeiting along the supply chain is an increasing threat to the health of everyone. Various solutions have been proposed to solve the problem, yet, the problem is still rife, as estimates reveal that between 10% – 30% of drugs in the developed and developing countries respectively are counterfeit. This research proposes an enhanced drug anti-counterfeiting and verification system, using blockchain, to counter the plague of drug counterfeiting along the supply chain, while providing a suitable means of verifying such drugs. Two germane smart contracts – shipDrug and receiveDrug – were defined to serve as a means of safely moving drugs from one supply chain actor to the other, to secure the drug supply chain from the infiltration of counterfeit drugs. The system was implemented on the Hyperledger Fabric. The implemented system effectively secured the supply chain by allowing only the valid supply chain actors to execute the defined smart contracts. Final consumers were able to verify a drug by using a unique identifier associated with that drug to query the transaction history from the blockchain ledger. Hyperledger Caliper was used to evaluate the proposed system where it was revealed that an optimal throughput of 46 drug verifications per second was obtained, with less utilization of CPU and memory resources. The health ramifications of drug counterfeiting and the findings from this research make it imperative to consider the proposed system as an effective drug anti-counterfeiting system. Finally, it was recommended that the global health authority could implement the system on a global scale, after a smaller scale implementation, such as within countries, to determine its effectiveness in securing the drug supply chain within such jurisdictions.
Au@Ag nanoparticle sensor for sensitive and rapid detection of glucose

This paper reports a two-step seed-mediated synthesis of gold core@silver shell nanoparticles (Au@Ag NPs). The plasmonic properties of Au@Ag NPs were controlled through the etching effect of H2O2 generated from the oxidation of glucose. Therefore, we used Au@Ag NPs as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) as the Raman tag to detect glucose concentration. This method exhibits a rapid detection process (5 min), a determination range from 10−1 M to 10−6 M and a detection limit of 10−6 M, which indicate that Au@Ag NPs can serve as sensitive SERS sensors for clinical detection of blood sugar.
Analysis of factors related to granting sickness benefits to industry workers on leave due to Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD)

Background: Sickness absence represents a serious problem for industry and Social Security, since many of these workers become beneficiaries by the National Social Security Institute. The relationship between the factors that lead to dismissal and granting benefits to workers in the industry has yet to be studied. Objective: To determine the relationship between social and occupational factors to granting sickness benefits to industrial workers affected by Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional with quantitative approach study involving industrial workers. The data contained in the evaluation form of workers who were admitted between 2016 and 2020 in a Reference Centers in Occupational Health were used. The data were descriptively evaluated and a logistic regression model was used to estimate the factors which are related to the type of assistance granted to the workers. Results: 108 medical records of industry workers were evaluated and 56.5% received the accident-related sickness assistance benefit (B-91). Most are workers from industry with light demand (95.4%), who perform repetitive work (93.5%), intense work pace (83.3%), with the shoulder being the region most frequently affected (85.2%). The factors that were significantly related to grating accidental-related sickness benefit: time in the current occupation (OR = 1.01), work involving cervical spine flexion (OR = 4.68), participation in the rehabilitation program (OR = 31.27) and referral to specialist consultations (OR = 3.10). Conclusion: The creation of institutional programs in the industry and the implementation of public health and social security policies are necessary to manage these factors.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM MYXOPYRUM SERRATULUM A.W. HILLS BY GC-MS, HPTLC ANALYSIS

Myxopyrum serratulum is a valuable medicinal plant widely distributed in Western Ghats at the altitude of 600-900m. Traditionally, the leaves of the plant used to treat asthma, cough diabetes and nerve complaints. The current study have been investigated the presence of various secondary metabolites such as saponin, flavonoids and terpenoids in the methanolic extract of the plant by Thin layer Chromatography (TLC) using appropriate solvent system and the quantification of secondary metabolites like total saponin and terpenoid content was performed by gravimetric analysis. The aqueous fraction of M.serratulum was characterized using GC-MS analysis and presence of iridoid glycoside in the ethyl acetate,n-butanol fractions and methanolic extract was identified by HPTLC analysis. Total terpenoid and saponin content have been observed as 6.4± 0.33, 3.815± 0.56 respectively. Phytochemical investigation indicated that the presence of flavonoids, Phenols and higher concentration of tannin, saponin in this plant.
Formation of DNA pearl‐necklace structures on mica surface governed by kinetics and thermodynamics

Polyelectrolytes (PEs) possibly occur in the form of a pearl-necklace structure in poor solvents. This structure, characterized by the form of segregated beads connected by narrow strings, has been extensively studied by scaling analysis and computer simulation, and was believed to be formed by the Rayleigh instability mechanism. However, the structure has not been experimentally well studied, and a complete experimental picture on the necklace formation is still not available. In this study, pearl-necklace structures of DNA induced by different condensing agents are observed by atomic force microscopy. The results show that the formation of a pearl-necklace conformation is highly dependent on kinetic factors such as incubation time and thermodynamic factors including the concentration and condensing ability of the agent. If the incubation time is sufficiently short, this conformation can exist as an intermediate state of the DNA coil–globule transition. When agents with weaker crowding effect or screening ability are added, the structure appeared to be thermodynamically stable. The same effect was observed in rather low concentrations of agent. A rods-on-a-string structure, unlike the common characterized spherical beads-on-a-string conformation, was observed and was believed to result from the stiffness of DNA. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017
Self-determined motivation, acculturation, academic burnout, and psychosocial well-being of Chinese international students in South Korea

ABSTRACT The majority of research on international students has been focused on Asian students in Western societies, centering on the differences in Asian and Western cultures, while little is known about Chinese international students in South Korea. This study explored the psychosocial well-being of Chinese international students in South Korea, in relation to autonomous/controlled motivation, acculturation, and academic burnout. A total number of 673 Chinese international students from 5 provinces in South Korea completed survey questionnaires. The results supported that controlled motivation was associated with lower levels of psychosocial well-being directly as well as indirectly via acculturation and academic burnout. On the other hand, autonomous motivation was associated with higher levels of psychosocial well-being directly and indirectly via lower levels of academic burnout. Findings were discussed from the self-determined motivation and acculturation perspectives. Limitations, future research, research and practical implications were addressed.
Neoadjuvant on the gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background Clinical value of neoadjuvant therapy has been proven in many malignancies. With a low prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors, the survival benefits of neoadjuvant therapy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET) are still unclear based on the up-to-date literature. Aim To assess the effectiveness of neoadjuvant therapy on GEP-NET. Methods Articles were searched electrically on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and China National Knowledge from inception to 30th June 2020. The survival benefit was assessed by Hard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS). Median OS, progression-free survival (PFS) and complications were also compared. Results This meta-analysis eventually included eight studies with a total of 457 patients. The overall survival of GEP-NET patients in the neoadjuvant therapy group was improved significantly (HR = 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.41–0.66; P = 0.008). There was a dramatic improvement in OS (5-year OS 65.25% vs. 46.79% P < 0.001) and PFS (5-year PFS 30.64% VS 14.46%, P = 0.04) in the neoadjuvant therapy group. There was no difference in the postoperative complications among the two groups (P = 0.52). Conclusions Patients with operable GEP-NETs can achieve a significant improvement in overall survival with neoadjuvant therapy. Further large randomized clinical trials are expected to confirm the results.
Comparative Analysis of Cell-Free miR-205-5p, let-7f-5p, and miR-483-5p Expression in Ovarian Cell Cultures and Plasma Samples of Patients with Ovarian Cancer

The term liquid biopsy reveals a non-invasive diagnostic method that might be based on the quantification of cell-free microRNAs in body fluids. However, the identification of candidates for liquid biopsy is challenging. Our aim was to compare the cell-free expression of miR-483-5p, miR-205-5p, and let-7f-5p in ovarian cell cultures and plasma samples of patients with ovarian cancer. Both the intracellular and cell-free expression of miR-205-5p and let-7f-5p proved to be higher in the Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) expressing PEO1 cell-line than in the estrogen non-sensitive A2780. Moreover, the expression of let-7f-5p was up-regulated in response to estradiol exposure that was diminished after the addition of an ERα selective antagonist. MiR-483-5p had lower intracellular and cell-free expression in PEO1. All these miRNAs had detectable expression level in plasma samples, among which miR-205-5p proved to be overexpressed in the plasma samples of patients with ovarian tumors compared to healthy controls and possessed an acceptable diagnostic potential with ROC-AUC 0.683 (95% CI 0.57–0.795). Functional annotation clustering of the target genes of miR-205-5p revealed several clusters involved in cancer development. We suggest that miR-205-5p might be a promising biomarker candidate in ovarian cancer that should be further analyzed in larger sample size.
A Synergistic Anti-Diabetic Effect by Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg3 through Adipogenic and Insulin Signaling Pathways in 3T3-L1 Cells

Although ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg3 have been identified as the significant ginsenosides found in red ginseng that confer anti-diabetic actions, it is unclear whether insulin-sensitizing effects are mediated by the individual compounds or by their combination. To determine the effect of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg3 on adipocyte differentiation, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced to differentiate the standard hormonal inducers in the absence or presence of ginsenosides Rb1 or Rg3. Additionally, we determined the effects of Rb1, Rg3, or their combination on the expression of genes related to adipocyte differentiation, adipogenic transcription factors, and the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Rb1 significantly increased the expression of CEBPα, PPARγ, and aP2 mRNAs. However, Rg3 exerted its maximal stimulatory effect on these genes at 1 μM concentration, while a high concentration (50 μM) showed inhibitory effects. Similarly, treatment with Rb1 and Rg3 (1 μM) increased the expression of IRS-1, Akt, PI3K, GLUT4, and adiponectin. Importantly, co-treatment of Rb1 and Rg3 (9:1) induced the maximal expression levels of these mRNAs. Our data indicate that the anti-diabetic activity of red ginseng is, in part, mediated by synergistic actions of Rb1 and Rg3, further supporting the significance of minor Rg3.