Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alteração no método centroide de avaliação da adaptabilidade genotípica

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to modify the centroid method of evaluation of phenotypic adaptability and the phenotype stability of genotypes in order for the method to make greater biological sense and improve its quantitative and qualitative performance. The method was modified by means of the inclusion of three additional ideotypes defined in accordance with the genotypes' average yield in the environments tested. The alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) forage yield of 92 genotypes was used. The trial had a randomized block design, with two replicates, and the data were used to test the method. The genotypes underwent 20 cuts, from November 2004 to June 2006. Each cut was considered an environment. The inclusion of ideotypes of greater biological average production in the environments produced an arrow-shaped graphical dispersion directed to the right in which the most productive genotypes were placed near the tip of the arrow. With the alteration only five genotypes were classified into the former classes of the original centroid method. The arrow-shaped figure allowed a direct comparison of genotypes throughout the productivity gradient. The alteration performed in the method preserved the easy interpretation of results for genotype recommendations of the original method, and does leaves no room for ambiguity in interpretation of the results.
Implications of gut purging for tissue residues determined in bioaccumulation testing of sediment with Lumbriculus variegatus

Bioaccumulation test procedures using the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus have been developed as a means of evaluating the accumulation of chemicals from freshwater sediments. To avoid including chemicals associated with gut contents as part of the measured tissue residue, a 24‐h period of purging in clean water after the uptake phase of the test has been recommended. While purging acts to reduce bias from gut contents, it also has the potential to introduce bias caused by depuration of chemicals from tissues. In this paper, a series of model calculations are used to assess the expected sensitivity of measured residues of nonionic organic chemicals to the presence of sediment in the gut and to varying lengths of purging. If organisms are not purged, the predicted influence of gut contents on measured residue is not large (generally <20%) when a biota‐sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) of one is assumed. However, if BSAFs substantially less than one apply, projected errors increase to 30‐fold or more. To derive a better estimate of the time required for L. variegatus to clear the gut of sediment, a sediment purging experiment was conducted; results indicate that >98% of sediment had cleared the gut in 6 h (half‐life = 0.98 h). Based on these results and model analyses, a much shorter purging period of 6 h, rather than 24 h, is suggested as a reasonable guideline for many test applications.
IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α Steady‐State mRNA Levels Analyzed by Reverse Transcription‐Competitive PCR in Bone Marrow of Gonadectomized Mice

Loss of gonadal function in both females and males is associated with increased rates of bone loss by a yet unidentified mechanism. There is ample evidence that cytokines that are produced in the bone microenvironment and stimulate the activity and/or formation of osteoclasts are involved. In the present study, we examined whether gonadectomy increases cytokine production via increased transcription in the bone marrow of mice. For this, the in vivo steady‐state mRNA levels of multiple cytokines were determined in the central bone marrow compartment of mice at different time points following ovariectomy or orchidectomy by reverse transcription‐competitive polymerase chain reaction. The limit of detectable differences in mRNA expression was approximately 2‐fold. Bone marrow mRNA levels of the cytokines interleukin‐1α (IL‐1α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were elevated up to 30‐fold after treatment of mice with lipopolysaccharide. Following gonadectomy, there were no differences in the mRNA expression of these cytokines in bone marrow of female and male mice 4, 7, and 14 days after surgery. Gender steroid deficiency does not, therefore, increase steady‐state mRNA levels of IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in cells of the central bone marrow compartment in mice. If changes have occurred these should have been less than 2‐fold or in a small cell population. These results do not preclude an important role of these cytokines in the induction of bone loss after gonadectomy. For example, bone marrow cells situated close to the bone surface or bone cells may be responsible for increased cytokine synthesis. Alternatively, the loss of gender steroids may alter post‐transcriptional events in cytokine synthesis and activity or may modify the responsiveness of target cells.
In Vivo Nylon Bag vs. Two-Stage In Vitro Digestion: Comparison of Two Techniques for Estimating Dry-Matter Digestibility of Forages

In vivo nylon bag and two-stage in vitro, digestion techniques were used to estimate dry-matter digestibility of 159 forage samples involving Coastal hermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.), Pensacola bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge), pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) Stapf and C.E. Hubb. ), blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.), Desmodium uncinatum, and Dolichos lablab L. A highly significant correlation (r = .81, P < .01) was obtained between the two methods with all forages. The stem component of the pearl millet sampies gave the lowest correlation between methods. Either method, when properly used, can be of valuable assistance in evaluating the quality of large numbers of forage samples.
THE RESPONSES OF FRUIT FLY SPECIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC AREA TO MALE ATTRACTANTS

Specimens of Dacini were collected in traps containing male attractants in north‐east Australia and 26 islands of the South Pacific area. The resulting species‐attractant records are given for 79 species, which fit into 2 groups on the basis of their response to attractants: (1) species attracted to the cue‐lure type of attractant (cue‐lure and Willison's lure); (2) species attracted to methyl eugenol. No species was attracted to both types of attractants. Species of the genus Callantra and of both the Strumeta and Dacus groups of subgenera of the genus Dacus were attracted to the cue‐lure type of attractant. Only species of the Strumeta group of subgenera were attracted to methyl eugenol.
A taxonomic revision of the genus Adenanthos (Proteaceae)

Adenanthos Labill. (Proteaceae) is endemic to parts of southern Australia. The presence of morphologic diversity and plasticity within the genus has resulted in taxo- nomic uncertainty. The morphology of Adenanthos and associated terminology, as well as aspects of the history of the genus, are discussed. Adenanthos is revised taxonomically. The nomenclature of the infrageneric sections is revised, and a new subsect. Anaclastos, within sect. Adenanthos, is designated. The feminine gender is retained for the generic name. Eight new species are described: A. dobagii,A. glabrescens, A eyrei,A. oreophila,A. macropodiana.A. labillardierei,A. ileticos and A. cacomorpha. Four new subspecies are described: A. sericea subsp. sphalma, A. cygnorum subsp. chamaephyton, A. pungens subsp. effusa and A. glabrescens subsp. exasperata. Species and infraspecific taxa are described, and their ecology, relationships and phytogeography are discussed. Putative hybrids are listed.
An efficient method applied to spike pattern detection

The detection of neural spike activity is a technical challenge that is very important for studying many types of brain function. On temporal recordings of firing events or interspike interval series of neural signal, spike pattern correspond to action will be repeated in the presence of background noise and they need to be detected to develop higher applications. We will introduce new method to find these patterns in raw multitrial data and is tested on surrogate data sets with the main target to get meaningful analysis of electrophysiological data from microelectrode arrays (MEA)
Predicting Customer Churn in Telecommunication Industry Using Convolutional Neural Network Model

: In this study a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model was proposed for the prediction of customer churn in a telecommunication industry. Many supervised machine learning models have been built and used for predicting customer churn in past researches. However, in thebuilding of these models, there is need for human intervention to carry out attributeselectionwhich is very tedious, time-consuming, tailored to specific datasets and often result to attribute selection problems. This study proposed a convolutional neural network model for predicting customer churning behavior and to also get rid of human attribute selectionand its problems. Two datasets were created from the fourteen thousand data instances that were gotten from one of the major cellular companies operating in Nigeria. Python programming language via the anaconda distribution was used for the development and implementation of our model. Jupyter notebook was our IDE choice. In other to achieve a like-for-like comparison, three other models were developed, which were two Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) models and one other CNN model. The accuracy rates for the MLP models; MLP1 and MLP2, are 80% and 81% respectively while the CNN models, CNN1 and CNN2, are 81% and 89% respectively.
RECOVERY AND IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOPLASMAS FROM ANIMALS *

Considerable information concerning the efficacy of various isolation methods and identification procedures exists in the literature. A fairly comprehensive overview of the senior author's evaluation of methods presently in use will compose part of a chapter in a manual soon to be published. ' For the sake of brevity we shall limit this discussion to recommendations that we consider likely to be of greatest value or that have been seldom mentioned by other authors. We also shall mention several procedures in use in our laboratory that have not been described elsewhere or that were not indicated in the titles of the articles in which they were described. In recent years we have attempted to isolate and identify previously recognized as well as new mycoplasma species, primarily from normal and diseased cattle, avian host species, and horses. Through the cooperation of many colleagues at Iowa State University and other institutions, we have had access to additional specimens collected from the above named species as well as to specimens from naturally and/ or experimentally infected swine, sheep, small laboratory animals, and several species of wild animals. The remainder of our work had to be done with reference strains that had been subcultured for from several to many passages in artificial medium. The origin of the avian reference strains was described previously.2 Most bovine reference strains were received from Dr. J. Al-Aubaidi and Dr. J. Fabricant, who previously had identified them as to f rig in. ^ Mycoplasma dispar was received from Mrs. H. Louise Ruhnke, OMAF Veterinary Services Laboratory, Guelph, Canada, who, in turn, had received it from the National Type Culture Collection. All human and animal strains available in June, 1969 were requested and received from the Research Reference Reagents Branch, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. A human T-strain was supplied by Dr. M. Shepard, Naval Medical Field Research Laboratory, Camp Lejeune, N. c. All other reference strains were received from individual investigators at the National Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, Ga. , or National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. , or from colleagues at the Veterinary Medical Research Institute. Additional study strains were isolated in our own laboratory.
Tree species preferences of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in the Campbelltown area south-west of Sydney, New South Wales

Tree species preferences of a koala population inhabiting a small area of forest and woodland in the Campbelltown area, south-west of Sydney, were investigated over a two-year period. In total, 2499 trees from 45 independent field sites were assessed, with tree species preferences determined on the basis of a comparative analysis of proportional data relating to the presence/absence of koala faecal pellets. The results established that grey gum (Eucalyptus punctata) and blue-leaved stringybark (E. agglomerata) were most preferred by koalas in the study area, but only when growing on shale-based substrates. The preferential utilisation of E. punctata and E. agglomerata on substrates derived from shales, compared with that recorded for the same species on sandstones, suggests that their use by koalas was influenced by differences in nutrient status between substrates. Regression analyses further identified a trend for use of at least one of the preferred species (E. punctata) to be more commonly associated with larger trees. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance to issues of resource availability and the need to reconsider, by way of a hierarchical approach, the use of food trees by koalas generally. The presence of E. punctata and E. agglomerata and their occurrence in conjunction with shale-based substrates are considered to be important limiting factors affecting the present-day distribution and abundance of koalas in the Campbelltown area.
Agglomeration by Source of Import, Uncertainty and Enterprise Import Behavior

Many papers have paid attention to the uncertainties in the import and export trade (Greenland et al., 2017; Feng et al., 2017). Before importing, it is difficult for enterprises to fully understand the economic environment of the import market or the reputation of suppliers, and the information asymmetry brings a lot of uncertainties to importing enterprises. So, enterprises can obtain information about the importing countries through their own research or the surrounding enterprises. Bisztray (2017), Hu and Tan (2017) paid attention to the influence of neighborhood effect on enterprises‟ import behavior, but neglected the uncertainties in enterprises' import activities. Whether there is a link between agglomeration by source of import and uncertainty, and how does agglomeration by source of import affect enterprises ‟import behavior under uncertain environment?
Characterization and genomic annotation of polymorphic EST-SSR loci in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp

In the present work, EST-SSR (expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat) loci were obtained by screening 45 000 ESTs from the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, which was available in a database of the ShEST (Shrimp EST Genome Project) consortium. Fifty-two of 600 EST-SSR loci were selected. From this total, 21 EST-SSRs were polymorphic among 40 individuals and had their gene products ascribed. Two to 20 alleles per locus were detected and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.15 to 0.86. Eight loci presented a significant heterozygote deficit after the Bonferroni correction, which was attributed to null alleles. Seven loci were able to have their protein products, molecular functions and biological processes determined. Our results are promising for future studies that relate the levels of these gene polymorphisms with different biological responses to stress in aquaculture.
Effects of age and species on agronomic performance, chemical composition and in vitro gas production of some tropical multi-purpose tree species

SUMMARY Five tropical multi-purpose tree species (MPTS), Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Moringa oleifera, Millettia griffoniana, Pterocarpus santalinoides and Treculia Africana, and one exotic species (Leucaena leucocephala), which acted as the control, planted in a randomized complete block design, were selected to evaluate the potentials as feed supplements for herds in dry seasons of south-western Nigeria. Samples of the MPTS leaves were collected in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, weighed, dried and milled for estimation of biomass production, chemical analysis and measurement of in vitro gas production. Results showed significant differences (P < 0·001) in the biomass production of the MPTS. E. cyclocarpum consistently recorded the highest biomass production, height and collar diameter throughout the experimental period. There were also differences (P ⩽ 0·001) in dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and ash contents of the MPTS across species and years after planting. M. oleifera recorded the highest CP content of 240 g/kg DM. Interactions were observed between species and year for neutral detergent fibre (NDFom), acid detergent fibre (ADFom) and lignin contents of the MPTS. M. griffoniana and M. oleifera had lower tannin contents, whereas E. cyclocarpum, P. santalinoides, T. africana and L. leucocephala had higher tannin contents. The values reported for mineral contents showed that their levels in the MPTS were adequate for ruminants and there were no differences in the contents of most minerals. In vitro gas production results showed that the potential gas production ‘b’ was highest in M. griffoniana and lowest in P. santalinoides and there were species and year interactions (P ⩽ 0·001) for volatile fatty acid profiles of the supernatant after 96 h incubation. The estimated organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) of the MPTS were generally high. The high biomass production, CP and low fibre contents, as well as in vitro fermentation characteristics found for the MPTS evaluated in the current study suggest that these are better alternatives in comparison with L. leucocephala. It can be concluded that the MPTS evaluated have potential as sources of feed supplements for ruminants in dry seasons, especially in south western Nigeria.
Peak Temperature Correlation and Temperature Distribution during Joining of AZ80A Mg Alloy by FSW – A Numerical and Experimental Investigation

A quadratic equation has been developed based on experimental measurements to estimate the peak temperature in the FSW process during the joining of AZ80A Mg alloys. The numerical simulation of the FSW process was performed by employing COMSOL software to predict & calculate the distribution of temperature on the various regions of the parent metal and the welded joints. The predicted and FEA simulated results of the distribution of peak temperatures were found to be consistent with the experimental values. In addition to this, a parametric experimental investigation was conducted to identify the most influential process parameter which plays a significant role in the peak temperature distribution during FSW of AZ80A Mg alloy. Linear contributions by the input process parameters of FSW namely, traversing speed, rotating tool speed & axial force on the peak temperature were observed to be 32.82%, 23.58% and 21.76% respectively.
TRAJECTORY TRACKING BASED ON ARM’S LENGTH VARIATION

Recent growth in scientific technology, integrated actuators and data processing has made the improvement in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), quadrotor; wholly possible. In this paper, a description of a novel controlling and modeling design of quadrotor based on the variation in the arm’s length with fixing the motors speed. This design is performed by utilizing a stepper motor mounted inside the fixed arm in order to increasing or decreasing the sliding arm which leads to increasing or decreasing the total arms length according to the required movement. A PD controller is used to stabilize the system performance in altitude, attitude angle and position, a new mathematical model consequent the proposed design. For the optimal selection of the arm’s length, a mathematical expression is designed. A MATLAB code is adopted for the simulation to study the stability of the quadrotor response according to the proposed design and its performance in the trajectory tracking.
Effect of incorporate of Al2O3-NbC nanopowders on the mechanical properties of 3Y-TZP-Al2O3-NbC nanocomposites obtained by conventional and spark plasma sintering

The effect of incorporation Al2O3-NbC nanopowders to reinforce 3Y-TZP matrix and the influence on mechanical properties of 3YTZP-Al2O3-NbC nanocomposites obtained by conventional and spark plasma sintering (SPS) was investigated. The nanometric powders of Al2O3-NbC were prepared by reactive high-energy milling, deagglomerated, leached with acid, and added to the 3Y-TZP matrix in the proportion of 5 vol%. The final powders were dried under airflow, compacted and sintered at the temperature range of 1300– 1500 °C. The effect of sintering technique and final temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties, such as hardness, toughness and Young’s modulus were analyzed. An important mechanical value obtained in all materials reinforced with Al2O3NbC nanopowders is the fracture toughness, which differ significantly of the 3YTZP monolithic material (5.2 MPa·m1/2). The nanocomposites sintered conventionally at 1450°C show the higher fracture toughness (8.7 MPa·m1/2). Microstructure observations indicate that NbC nanoparticles are dispersed homogeneously within 3Y-TZP matrix and limited their grain growth. However, the partial oxidation of the NbC in the surface of the nanocomposites found a limit in the conventional sintering temperature, since the samples sintered at 1500°C showed a reduction in fracture toughness.
SMART TEST PATHOPTIMIZATIONFROM STRUCTURAL UML USING GENETICALGORITHMS

:Software Testing has been significantly changed in these days. Testing is the process of checking a system or its modules (m) to find whether it satisfying the specific requirements or not. Testing is executing a system in order to identify any gaps, errors, or missingrequirements in contrary to the actual requirements. Our paper will aim at improving the real time techniques which are applied by testing engineers to increase the quality of software systems. We will increase the quality of test cases which are applied to check the accuracy of software. Our technique will automatically generate the test cases from unified modeling language constructs.
An Efficient Approach for Iterative Learning Algorithms

: In this paper, a framework which takes into account machine learning for the analysis of massive datasets is proposed. The framework maps the algorithms to the respective platform so as to extract maximum resource efficiency. In addition, the framework takes into account a data projection technique called as Elastic Dictionary to form sparse representation of the underlying data. By this way, the resource efficiency is optimized leading to reduction in the cost associated with the performance. The framework represents a model and shows the performance metrics in accordance with their respective runtime and storage. An additional application program interface takes into account the applicability of the framework to the underlying platform or datasets. The framework is based on the union of both the content and platform aware methodologies so as to make the machine learning algorithms to utilize the resources efficiently.
Hook Worm Detection and its Classification Techniques

Wireless Capsule endoscopy (WCE) has transformed into a by and large used demonstrative strategy to look at some fiery infections and disarranges. Customized and completely robotized hookworm recognition and characterization models are testing task because of low nature of pictures, nearness of incidental issues, complex structure of gastrointestinal and various appearances to the extent shading and surface. There are a few endeavours were made to thoroughly research the robotized hookworm discovery from WCE pictures. A definite review is taken for identifying Hookworm in Endoscopy picture and its partner pre and post preparing specialized application. A profound report on AI system and highlight extraction approaches were examined. The different advances engaged with Hookworm location utilizing neural systems alongside their sorts were additionally talked about. The significant highlights which can be utilized for extricating the one of a kind highlights were considered.