Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Merced Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society Title Contrast in natural language concepts : An exemplar-based approach

We examine the influence of contrast categories on the intern al graded membership structure of natural language categorie s. To this end we contrast two exemplar models in their account of typicality: According to the GCM, typicality is the summe d similarity towards all category members. According to the S DGCM, typicality is determined by both the summed similarity towards all category members and the summed dissimilarity towards members of contrast categories. For five animal categories, we contrast the SD-GCM and the GCM in their account of typicality. Results indicate that the internal cat egory structure can indeed be co-determined by dissimilarity tow ards potential contrast categories.
Linguistic Ratification and Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the Specialized FLIP Questionnaire in Russian for Assessing Quality of Life of a Food-Allergic Child ’ s Family Members : the First Results Author affiliation :

Assessment of quality of life of a food-allergic child’s family members requires developing special instruments or adapting the existing ones. The study was aimed at developing a specialized questionnaire “The Food hypersensitivity family ImPact “(FLIP) in Russian for assessing quality of life a food-allergic child’s family members and evaluating its psychometric properties. Methods: linguistic and cultural adaptation of the FLIP questionnaire in Russia involving parents / legal representatives of children with food allergies was performed prospectively. We confirmed reliability and constructive validity of the questionnaire in Russian. Results: polling involved parents / legal representatives of 131 children with food allergies aged 1-18 months. Results of evaluation of the questionnaire’s psychometric properties demonstrated an average level of internal consistency of the questionnaire (Cronbach’s α > 0.72 in different age groups). The questionnaire evaluation results depend on the degree of manifestation of disease symptoms (p = 0.033), pharmacotherapy duration (p = 0.033), breastfeeding for 6 months or more (p = 0.033), time or diet broadening and strictness of elimination diet observation (p = 0.033), number of foods eliminated from the diet (p = 0.010) and number of diagnostic events (p = 0.033). Conclusion: the FLIP questionnaire in Russian was developed; it underwent assessment of psychometric properties. We demonstrated dependence of quality of life of food-allergic children’s family members on disease characteristics and therapy effectiveness.
Personal privacy in ubiquitous computing: Tools and system support

Visions of future computing environments involve integrating tiny microelectronic processors and sensors into everyday objects in order to make them "smart. " Smart things can explore their environment, communicate with other smart things, and interact with humans, therefore helping users to cope with their tasks in new, intuitive ways. However, this digitization of our everyday lives will not only allow computers to bettet "understand" our actions and goals, but also allow others to inspect and search such electronic records, potentially creating a comprehensive surveillance network of unprecedented scale. How should these developments affcct our notion of privacy, our "right to be let alone," our freedom to determine for ourselves when, how, and to what extend information about us is communicated to others? Should we give up our solitude and anonymity in light of these new technological realities and create a "transparent society," in which nothing can be kept secret anymore, for better or for worse? Or do we need to surround ourselves with better security mechanisms that will make our communications and our presence untraceable to anyone but the most determined observer? This thesis argues for a third alternative, amiddie ground between the two extremes of abandoning privacy and attempting full-scale anonymity. It proposes an architecture to facilitate the upfront notices of data collections in future computer environments, means to automatically process such announcements and individually configure the available collection parameters, processes to store and subsequently process any such collected data automatically according to the given notices, and tools for individuals to control and inspect their state of privacy in an ever connected world. In particular, this thesis provides for • a method to announce privacy policies in smart environments via privacy beacons and personal privacy ossistants,
Documento de trabajo SE INARIO PERMANENTE DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES MEASURING THE IMPACT OF POLLUTION ON PROPERTY PRICES: OBJECTIVE VS. SUBJECTIVE POLLUTION INDICATORS IN SPATIAL MODELS

Much work has been done in the context of the hedonic price theory to estimate the impact of air quality on housing prices. Hedonic specifications have improved enormously compared to the early models and current research even considers the spatial argument as a key factor. However, in the best of cases, empirical research only slightly confirms the hedonic theory. These empirical results go against both common sense and theory, which led us to suspect that the problem is not specification but the way air quality is measured. Research has been conducted using objective measures of air quality, but probably what house buyers include in their utility function is their perception of such quality. Thus, subjective measures are needed. In this article we propose a kind of spatial hedonic models and compare the results obtained with objective and subjective measures of air quality in Madrid (Spain). Results are quite different and suggest that perceived air quality measures are the variable to be included when applying a hedonic house price model.
PTC & B Identification and Characterization of Ribosomal Protein S 8 Gene of

Identification and confirmation of ESTs (expressed sequence tags) corresponding to genomic clones is one of the most important steps in the identification of genes. In this regard, computational approaches such as ab initio and homology based searches using NCBI web portal, together with common laboratory approaches ‐ PCR, RT‐PCR and DNA sequencing were used to identify jute ESTs from a jute genomic library. Using degenerate primer‐based gene walking from a computationally identified and experimentally verified jute EST, this study has led to the identification of the full length sequence of a jute gene, namely ribosomal protein S8. The sequence of this gene was found to be similar to ribosomal protein S8 gene of related species like Hibiscus macrophyllus, Gossypium hirsutum etc. and that of other species like Carica papaya, Arabidopsis thaliana etc. This gene was further characterized for determining its cellular location to the chloroplast.
Working Paper No . 369 On the Effectiveness of Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy

There has been a major shift within macroeconomic policy over the past two decades or so in terms of the relative importance given in both policy and theoretical terms to monetary policy and to fiscal policy with the former gaining considerably in importance, and the latter being rarely mentioned. Furthermore, the nature of monetary policy has shifted away from any attempt to control some monetary aggregate (which was prevalent in the first half of the 1980s), and instead monetary policy has focused on the setting of interest rates as the key policy instrument.1 There has also been a general shift towards the adoption of inflation targets and the use of monetary policy to target inflation. In this paper we begin by considering the significance of this shift in the form of monetary policy. This consideration leads us to first question the effectiveness of monetary policy, and then to explore the role of fiscal policy.
In vivo gibberellin gradients visualised in elongating tissues 1 with Gibberellin Perception Sensor 1

19 The phytohormone gibberellin (GA) is a key regulator of plant growth and development. 20 Although the upstream regulation and downstream responses to GA vary across cells and 21 tissues, developmental stages, and environmental conditions, the spatiotemporal 22 distribution of gibberellin in vivo remains unclear. Using a combinatorial screen in yeast, 23 we engineered an optogenetic biosensor, Gibberellin Perception Sensor 1 (GPS1) that 24
Post-Nonlinear Mixtures and Beyond

Abstrnct. Although sources in general nonlinear mixturm arc not separable iising only statistical independence, a special and realistic case of nonlinear mixtnres, the post nonlinear (PNL) mixture is separable choosing a suited separating system. Then, a natural approach is based on the estimation of tho separating Bystem parameters by minimizing an indcpendence criterion, like estimated mwce mutual information. This class of methods requires higher (than 2) order statistics, and cannot separate Gaarsian sources. However, use of [weak) prior, like source temporal correlation or nonstationarity, leads to other source separation Jgw rithms, which are able to separate Gaussian sourra, and c a n even, for a few of them, works with second-order statistics. Recently, modeling time correlated s011rces by Markov models, we propose vcry efficient algorithms hmed on minimization of the conditional mutual information. Currently, using the prior of temporally correlated sources, we investigate the fesihility of inverting PNL mixtures with non-bijectiw non-liacarities, like quadratic functions. In this paper, we review the main ICA and BSS results for riunlinear mixtures, present PNL models and algorithms, and finish with advanced resutts using temporally correlated s n u ~ s m
Retention of HIV-infected and exposed children in a

Paula Braitstein1,2,3,4, Adrian Katshcke2,3, Changyu Shen2,3, Edwin Sang2, Winstone Nyandiko1,2, Vincent Ooko Ochieng2, Rachel Vreeman2,3,4, Constantin Yiannoutsos1,3, Kara Wools-Kaloustian1,2,3, and Samwel Ayaya1,2 1Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya 2USAID-Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) Partnership, Eldoret, Kenya 3Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN, USA 4Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis IN, USA
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1 . 1 String theory : A viable attempt for Unifica tion

Our universe consists of various fundamental particles and it can be described by different underlying theories of nature. Among all these theories “General theory of relativity (GTR)” and “Quantum field theory (QFT)” have emerged as two success­ ful theories that describe the fundamental particles and their interactions. QFT is a mathematical frame work which describes the elementary particles and their interac­ tions. However, it does not work so well for the gravity. If, naively, we try to quantize general relativity using the method of QFT, we run into divergences which can not be removed by using the conventional renormalization techniques. GTR is a classi­ cal theory of gravity that explains the macroscopic phenomena of our world whereas the microscopic world is governed by QFT. Generally, one can expect that these two theories, together, can explain the structure of our universe from the subnuclear to the cosmic domain. However, there is no well defined ‘quantum theory of gravity’ that could incorporate the successes of both the theories to give us a correct theory of unification. So the natural question arises how to combine the elaborate structure of quantum field theory with Einstein’s theory of gravity to get a unified theory of
Interactive comment on “ Particle-area dependence of mineral dust in the immersion mode : investigations with freely suspended drops in an acoustic levitator ” by K .

The manuscript titled “Particle-area dependence of mineral dust in the immersion mode: investigations with freely suspended drops in an acoustic levitator” by K. Diehl et al. , reports freezing temperatures of water droplets containing montmorillonite K10, illite IMt1 and illite NX as ice nuclei (IN) using an acoustic drop levitator (AT) and vertical wind tunnel (WT). Median freezing temperatures and frozen fractions are presented. Time dependent and time independent description are used to derive heterogeneous ice nucleation rate coefficients, Jhet, and the surface density of active sites, ns, respectively. The authors find a clear time dependence of heterogeneous freezing for these IN, and that derived Jhet and ns are consistent with measurements of Broadley et al.
Risk and return of soybeans precision production : a case study in Mato Grosso do Sul state , Brazil

Precision agriculture (PA) has not yet spread in Brazil, despite the benefits stressed in literature. Considering the uncertainty related to PA’s results, this study evaluated the tradeoff between risks and returns for precision production of soybeans in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. A representative farm using PA was compared to a conventional production system through the Earnings-atRisk metric and a Modified Sharpe Index. PA presented higher expected earnings per hectare while conventional production proved to have a lower risk exposure. The positive difference in expected earnings between precision and conventional systems was insufficient to cover PA’s risk exposure, leading to the conclusion that less risk-averse farmers could assume higher risks and prefer precision system.
Influence of environmental factors on phage-bacteria interaction and on efficacy and survival of the phage P100

Lebensmittelsicherheit ist ein Anliegen das jeden Menschen betrifft und eine grose Rolle dabei spielt die Gefahr, die durch pathogene Mikroorganismen entsteht. Ein Beispiel ist Listeria monocytogenes, welches in der Lage ist lange in der Umgebung lebensmittelverarbeitender Industrie zu uberleben. Die Methoden, die zur Zeit zur Kontrolle pathogener Mikroorganismen angewendet werden, reichen nicht um Listerien vollstandig zu kontrollieren oder haben einen negativen Einfluss auf die Qualitat der Lebensmittel. Eine vielversprechende neue Moglichkeit zur Kontrolle von L. monocytogenes sind Bakteriophagen. Die Effektivitat der Phagenbehandlung wurde in einigen Publikationen beschrieben und Experimente hierzu wurden meist unter eingeschrankten Bedingungen im Labormasstab durchgefuhrt. Die Virus-Wirts Interaktion, die Bindungs- und die Replikationsfahigkeit der Phagen sind jedoch abhangig von der Wachstumsrate der Bakterien und der chemisch-physikalischen Umgebung. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, den Einfluss verschiedener Umweltbedingungen, wie Temperatur, Salzkonzentrationen, pH und Detergenzien auf das Uberleben des P100 Phagen und auf die Virus-Wirts Interaktion zu untersuchen. Dazu wurde mittels Keimzahlbestimmung das Wachstum von L. monocytogenes mit und ohne Phageninfektion untersucht. Das Uberleben, die Bindungs- und die Replikationsfahigkeit der Phagen in Wirtszellen bei verschiedenen pH Werten, Salz- und Detergenzkonzentrationen wurde mit Plaque-Assays, Adsorptionstests und durch die Messung der optischen Dichte bestimmt. Zusatzlich wurde das Uberleben der Phagen in Schmierwasser bei 4 °C und 10 °C untersucht. Die Effizienz der Phagenbehandlung war abhangig von der Temperatur und des Virus-Wirts Verhaltnisses. Die besten Ergebnisse wurden bei 4 °C und einer hohen Phagenkonzentration erzielt, allerdings sind die Listerien bei 4 °C als auch bei 10 °C und 20°C wieder hochgewachsen. Das Uberleben der Phagen war unabhangig von der Temperatur, jedoch von der Anwesenheit von Wirts-Bakterien in Schmierwasser. Innerhalb von 37 Tagen wurde der Phagentiter um 1.5 log10 in SM Puffer und um 3 - 4 log10 in Schmierwasser reduziert. Die Infektiositat der Phagen ging bei pH 2 und pH 12, sowie bei einer SDS Konzentration ab 2,5% innerhalb einer Stunde verloren, jedoch nicht bei hohen Salz- und Lutensol-Konzentrationen. Die Phagenbindung war unter allen getesteten Bedingungen moglich, wohingegen die Replikationsfahigkeit vom Wachstum der Listerien abhangig war. Die hohe Effektivitat der Phagenbehandlung in lebensmittelproduzierenden Betrieben ist die Basis fur deren Gebrauch. Diese Untersuchung zeigt, dass Umweltbedingungen einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Effizienz der Behandlung haben. Dies muss bei der Verwendung von Bakteriophagen als Notfallbehandlung berucksichtigt werden.
How to make corrections to your proofs using Adobe Acrobat / Reader

Emotions can influence the performance of referees leading to a need to examine emotions experienced, and regulation strategies used by referees. The present study assessed emotions and emotion 10 regulation strategies of 19 referees officiating at an Under-19 Lacrosse World Championship. Using survey methods and focus group interviews, officials responded to five questions: (a) What emotions were experienced? (b) What events elicited emotions? (c) How did lacrosse officials manage their own emotional states prior to, throughout, and following a competitive game? (d) How did officials manage others’ emotional states? (e) What were the perceived consequences of these strategies? Results 15 indicate that emotions fluctuated throughout the tournament as referees encountered intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion-eliciting events. These fluctuations are suggested to come from a progressively diminished capacity for emotion regulation. Participants used emotion regulation strategies that could be classified into Gross’ (1999) families of emotion regulation strategies, often relying on suppression, emotion contagion, and preventative refereeing. Collectively, the results offer new insights 20 into referee emotion regulation at international events. ARTICLE HISTORY Accepted 14 April 2016
Complexity : A New Way Forward or Two Steps Back ?

Under the mandates of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) (NGA Center & CCSSO, 2010a), complexity is perhaps the most critical yardstick with which to gauge the appropriateness of text for student readers. Specifically, reading anchor standard 10 requires that students “read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently” (p. 10). Beginning in grade 1, students are expected to read literature and informational text of “appropriate complexity” (p. 11) until they exit grade 12 reading text at the high end of the text complexity band “independently and proficiently” (p. 40). Shanahan, Fisher, and Frey (2012) contend that the CCSS expectation to purposely move students through increasingly complex texts stands in contrast to efforts by teachers to avoid the use of books considered “too hard for their students” (p. 58). Since the publication of the CCSS, much has been written in support of using more challenging materials. For example, Fisher, Frey, and Lapp (2012) explain that the CCSS make complex reading materials an essential part of the instructional equation; the text itself becomes a scaffold toward advanced reading ability. These authors make a case for “supportive struggle,” in which “students should be provided with opportunities to struggle and to learn about themselves as readers when they struggle, persevere, and eventually succeed” (p. 11). Fisher, Frey, and Lapp recount instructional episodes in which teachers support their students in understanding pieces of complex text with an underlying assumption that the students’ reading skills are advanced in this process of struggling through the analysis. In their examples, insightful teachers and their students successfully work through challenging pieces of text with the seemingly happy result that students are stronger readers for having survived this struggle. The question left unanswered is, what happened the next day? Or a month later? Or ten years down the road, when no one was forcing these readers to tackle challenging texts? What effect does an ongoing connection between reading and struggle have on individuals’ desires to ever pick up a book again? Though it is beyond the purview of this article to fully review the research regarding potential results of ramping up text complexity on the success of student readers, a mention of some pertinent views will provide context for the current work. For example, Morgan, Wilcox, and Eldredge (2000) found that primary readers working with literacy materials above their grade levels demonstrated instructional gains, but benefits began to fall at increasing levels of difficulty. In addition, students provided with more difficult books were sometimes less inclined to read them. Hiebert and Mesmer (2013) explained that primary students experience difficulty with current levels of text on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) because of the uneven nature of readability systems; increased demands based on text leveling may have created further word identification challenges. In addition, Hiebert The purpose of the
Automated Image Analysis for Experimental Investigations of Saltwater Intrusions in Coastal 1 Aquifers 2

Automated Image Analysis for Experimental Investigations of Saltwater Intrusions in Coastal 1 Aquifers 2 G. Robinson, G.A. Hamill and Ashraf A. Ahmed* 3 School of Planning, Architecture, and Civil Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Kier building, 4 Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT95AG, UK. 5 6 Corresponding Author: Email: a.ahmed@qub.ac. uk ; Tel: +44 28 9097 4015; Fax: +44 28 9097 4278 7 8 9 Abstract 10
Recognizing Artwork in Panoramic Images Using Optimized ASIFT and Cubic Projection

Few studies have been published on recognizing objects in panoramic images. To prevent copyright infringement related to artwork in 360° images, this paper proposes an efficient method for recognizing such artwork. First, we employ an improved cubic projection approach to transform distorted panoramas. Next, we use an optimized affine invariant feature transform (ASIFT) algorithm to extract local features of the transformed images. Finally, we employ point feature matching based on a one-to-one mapping constraint. We investigate the method’s overall performance on a panorama dataset and compare the results with those for other popular local feature extraction methods as well as the original panorama image. The experimental results show that the proposed method is both faster and can improve accuracy by around 30% for highly-distorted panoramas.
Model Selection Under Sampling Uncertainty Using Fuzzy Numbers

Model selection is one of the fundamental tasks of scientific inquiry. The most widely used methods such as ROC analysis do not take sampling uncertainty into account. To improve the robustness of model selection, we develop a model selection method capable to incorporate sampling uncertainty. We capture the sampling uncertainty by using the bootstrap technique, and quantify the sampling uncertainty by introducing fuzzy numbers. We apply our model selection system to a variety of real-world databases with respect to binary classifications. Among the tested datasets, our method performs in line with the traditional ROC analysis, whereas it provides the fuzzy presentation of ROC curves based on which not only the predictive accuracy but also the degree of sampling uncertainty can be addressed. In addition, we develop a computer tool implementing our system, which eases the tedious procedures in model selection.