Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Higher-Order Methods on a Set of Canonical Aerodynamics Applications

Higher-order discretizations have the potential to reduce the computational cost required to achieve a desired error level. In this study, we consider higher-order discretizations of the conservation equations suitable for unstructured, triangular grids. In particular, the methods studied include continuous (SUPG/GLS) and classical discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element methods, the correction procedure via reconstruction (CPR) formulations of the DG and spectral volume methods, and cell and vertex-centered finite volume (FV) algorithms. This paper presents subsonic and supersonic, inviscid results for a canonical set of aerodynamic applications. Error convergence and computational performance of these discretizations are compared, and preliminary results indicate that the methods perform relatively similarly. When singularities are present in the flow solutions and uniformly refined meshes are used, all methods fail to achieve optimal convergence rates, and the performance benefits of the higher-order discretizations are reduced; adaptive meshing improves the efficiency of the higher-order method and recovers optimal convergence rates.
Aggressive Behavior and Affective Processing In Video Game Players

The association between exposure to violent video games and real-life aggressive behavior has received increased attention from media in recent years. The following study will investigate two areas of video game play that have received limited attention. The first area of focus is the relationship between violence in video games and subcategories of aggressive behavior. More specifically: overt and covert aggression. The second major topic that will be explored in this paper is the effect video game play has on processing of affective stimuli.
A Radical Construction Grammar analysis of Mandarin Chinese SOV sentences

This paper discusses, from a Radical Construction Grammar perspective (Croft 2001), sim ple Mandarin Chinese SOV sentences, using terminology developed by Mel’cuk (2001) to account for the Semantic-Communicative Structure of sentences. It is argued here, contrary to what is traditionally thought, that there are three SOV constructions instead of one, namely: (i) bare SOV constructions, (ii) SOV-le constructions, and (iii) SOV-guo constructions, all of which encode Foregrounded Direct Objects. Of the three, only the bare SOV construction is inherently contrastive, and only the SOV-le construction encodes Foregrounded Verbs as well as Foregrounded Direct Objects. In addition, it is shown that the three SOV constructions are different from SVO and OSV constructions in that the Subject or the Direct Object can be a Rhematic Focus in the two latter constructions (i.e., they can be the unknown element in a question-answer sequence), but not in the latter one. The fact that the meaning associated with these SOV sentences is non-decomposable, in other words, that it is contingent on the whole sentence and not on any specific component of the sentence, suggests that these grammatical structures are represented in the mind of a speaker.
Model Averaging for Generalized Linear Model with Covariates that are Missing completely at Random

In this paper, we consider the estimation of generalized linear models with covariates that are missing completely at random. We propose a model averaging estimation method and prove that the corresponding model averaging estimator is asymptotically optimal under certain assumptions. Simulaiton results illustrate that this method has better performance than other alternatives under most situations.
The impact of rural to urban migration on wellbeing in Australia

In this paper the wellbeing outcomes of rural to urban movers in Australia are studied. This is done using regression techniques to control for observable and unobservable factors that may influence outcomes. Data from the Households, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey is used. It is found that males do not experience any change in wellbeing due to moving, while females experience a 7 per cent increase after 2-3 years. Implications of both economic and psychological theories are discussed in relation to the likely effect of moving upon wellbeing. It is argued that the findings here justify further research into rural wellbeing with a focus on gender specific outcomes.
The Analysis of Airport Operational Performance Case Study: Chiang Mai International Airport, Thailand

--The purpose of this study is to determine which of the airport has the best performance in term of the number of passengers processed, in order to improve the airport operational performance. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was employed to assess the operational performance of 19 airports in Asean plus 3. The methodology reflected which factors that was significant and related to the operational performance of the airport. There were 5 inputs (Terminal size, Number of runways, Lengths of runways, Number of gates and Check-in desks) and 1 output (Passenger movement) was deliberated in this study. The result of this study had shown that there were some major airports that inefficiency operated, due to using inefficiency input. Chiang Mai International Airport was also inefficient. The paper has done slightly further on sensitivity analysis, in order to evaluate the input-output of Chiang Mai International Airport. It presented that each time the input factors have changed, it made an impact to the efficiency score. The information of this study could support the Airports of Thailand to make decision about the future of Chiang Mai International Airport. Keywords-Air transportation; Operational performance measurement; Data Envelopment Analysis; Sensitivity Analysis
Possible effects of inter-specific competition on the coexistence of two parasitoid species: Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko and Chelonus oculator (F.) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae, Braconidae)

Insect parasitoids have been widely studied, particularly due to their ecological implications through the study of the special relationships observed among this kind of species, as well as to their expression in mathematical models. However, there are still scarce studies on parasitoid relationships and their expression in more realistic mathematical models. The present work is aimed at deepening into competition relationships among parasitoids. Bearing this purpose in mind, the system shaped by two parasitoids was chosen: Trichogramma brassicae (idiobiont egg parasitoid) and Chelonus oculator (koinobiont egg-larval parasitoid). Both species compete against each other for the same host species (Lepidoptera). The results obtained in the laboratory point out that T. brassicae may be considered a better competitor than Ch. oculator. This is the result of the extrinsic competition due to the substances injected by the female during parasitization. However, our results show this classification into better and worse competitors inaccurate. Thus, these interspecific competition influences are detrimental to both parasitoid species. This is the first time that the effect of this competition is mentioned regarding parasitoid functional response. Our results and their ecological implications are reported and discussed.
Post-Silicon Group IV Materials: Selected Applications of Quantum Mechanics to Device Simulation

Title of Document: POST-SILICON GROUP IV MATERIALS: SELECTED APPLICATIONS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS TO DEVICE SIMULATION Ittai Baum Masters of Science, 2019 Directed by: Professor Neil Goldsman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Quantum mechanics is applied to the study and simulation of two features of group IV semiconductor devices: metal/n-type 4H-SiC interfaces for SiC-based Schottky diodes and GeO2 gate dielectrics for Ge-based Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). SiC is well suited for power electronics due to its relatively wide bandgap and high breakdown field. In Schottky power diodes, one consideration in device performance is reverse saturation leakage. For metal/4H-SiC interfaces, reverse saturation leakage current is modeled with quantum transmission calculated by the Symmetrized Transfer Matrix Method (STMM). The classical thermionic emission model and quantum model are compared for multiple donor concentrations. The quantum model is then compared to experimental results for Ti/4H-SiC measurements, and the effect of Fermi pinning is included to account for the correct barrier height. Multiple donor concentrations are again modeled to best fit the bias dependence of the measured curves to find an effective doping level to reflect possible barrier thinning. Ge is considered as a possible replacement for Si in MOSFET design as device lengths continue to scale down to match Moore’s Law and Si MOSFETs become increasingly difficult to fabricate. Ge is considered due to its relatively high electron and hole mobilities, and its ability to grow a native oxide like Si. However, GeO2 and the Ge/GeO2 interface suffer from high defect densities, with one such defect being the oxygen vacancy defect. For GeO2, the oxygen vacancy defect, and corresponding fluorine passivation, are modeled using Density Functional Theory (DFT) to calculate the atomic configurations and energies. Incorporation of fluorine atoms in the vicinity of the defect is modeled, as well as the incorporation of fluorine atoms within the oxide network. Hydrogen passivation is also modeled and found to not be as energetically favorable. Finally, fluorine diffusion through the oxide network is investigated by calculating the reaction pathway between fluorine incorporation sites in the network. POST-SILICON GROUP IV MATERIALS: SELECTED APPLICATIONS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS TO DEVICE SIMULATION
Vertical flux of phytoplankton and particulate biogenic matter in the marginal ice zone of the Barents Sea in May 1993

Hydrography, nutrients, chlorophyll a (chl a), phaeopigments (phaeo) and phytoplankton abundance as well as the vertical flux of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC and PON) and pigments in the upper 200 m were ~nvestigated at 4 stations along a north-south trdnsect in the Barents Sea in blay 1993. Two stations were located in Arctic water and 2 in Atlantic water. The northernmost station had a well-developed ice edge bloom with high abundance of Fragilariopsis sp. , Thalassiosira spp. and Chaetoceros spp. The phytoplankton community at the ice edge and the northernmost Atlantic station was dominated by Phaeocystis sp. colonies in concert with Chaetoceros spp. and Thalassiosjra spp. The phytoplankton community at the southernmost station was dominated by large Chaetoceros spp. cells. Vertical flux of biogenic matter in the upper water column (20-100 m) varied along the transect (2.1-13.3 mg chl a m-'d-', 0.6-11 mg phaeo m-'d.' and 409-1090 mg POC m ~ ~ d ' ) , while vertical flux in the deeper water column (100-200 m) was less variable (0.7-2.9 mg chl a m-'d-', 1.5-6.5 mg phaeo m-'d-I and 200-300 mg POC m-'d-'). Hydrographic conditions, nutrient status and species specific sinhng rates did not have a profound influence on the vertical flux of phytoplankton. High daily loss rates of chl a (4 to 18 % d" of standing stock chl a) and mlcroplankton at 2 stations (southernmost and northernmost Atlantic) was probably caused by high production of extracellular carbon, increasing the aggregation potential of the phytoplankton community. Evidence of incomplete dissolution of Phaeocystis sp. colonies was observed to a depth of 200 m. Faecal matter and detritus were the main vehicles for the vertical export of organic matter to deeper water (below 100 m). Protozoan grazing was more important In retaining organic matier and nutrients in the upper water than mesozooplankton grazlng.
inhaled azole , 2 PC 945 , on Aspergillus fumigatus infection 3 4 5

Paper: Colley, T. , Alanio, A. , Kelly, S. , Sehra, G. , Kizawa, Y. , Warrilow, A. , Parker, J., Kelly, D. , Kimura, G. , Anderson-Dring, L. , Nakaoki, T. , Sunose, M. , Onions, S. , Crepin, D. , Lagasse, F. , Crittall, M. , Shannon, J., Cooke, M. , Bretagne, S. , King-Underwood, J., Murray, J., Ito, K. , Strong, P. & Rapeport, G. (2017). In vitro and in vivo antifungal profile of a novel and long acting inhaled azole, PC945, on Aspergillus fumigatus infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, AAC.02280-16 http://dx.doi. org/10.1128/AAC.02280-16
Development of Cu Nanoparticle Loaded Oil Palm Fibre Reinforced Nanocomposite

Functionalized copper nanoparticles (FCuNPs) have been synthesized by chemical reduction method and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) performed as a stabilizer in that medium. Analysis observed that the average size of the synthesized FCuNPs was 3.5 nm. The obtained FCuNPs were loaded in the oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) natural fibre. Before the loading of FCuNPs in EFB fibres, the surface of the fibres is tailored by the cationic agent CHPTAC since they have a natural tendency to exhibit negatively charged surface owing to the presence of large amount of hydroxyl groups. Thereafter, different types of composite were developed and their properties were studied. The composites were developed by using the untreated empty fruit bunch (UEFB) fibres and FCuNPs loaded EFB (NP-CAEFB) fibres with commercially available unsaturated polyester resin (UPER). The synthesized composites were characterized through FTIR, FESEM, XRD, DSC, tensile strength tests, etc. The obtained biodegradation results indicated that significant weight loss was not observed for neat PER and PER/FNP-CAEFB nanocomposite, whereas, the UEFB/VUPER composite showed ca. 21.4% weight loss at 90 days, which was considered rationally due to the preferential degradation of the fibre.
Ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of microorganisms in a Mediterranean grassland: new insights into microbial flux through a combined experimental-modeling approach

Microbial aerosols (mainly composed by bacterial and fungal cells), may constitute up to 74 % of the total aerosol volume. These biological aerosols are relevant not only from the point of view of the dispersion of pathogenic species, but also due to the potential geochemical implications. Some bacteria and fungi may, in fact, serve as cloud condensation or ice nuclei, potentially affecting cloud formation and precipitation and are active at higher temperatures compared to their, much more intensively studied, inorganic counterparts. Simulations of the impact of microbial aerosols on climate are still hindered by the lack of information regarding their emissions from ground sources. This work tackles this knowledge gap by (i) applying a rigorous micrometeorological approach to the estimation of microbial net fluxes above a Mediterranean grassland and (ii) developing a deterministic model to estimate these emissions on the basis of a few easily recovered meteorological parameters (the PLAnET model). The grassland itself is characterized by an abundance of positive net microbial fluxes and the model proves to be a promising tool capable of capturing the day-to-day variability in microbial fluxes with a relatively small bias and sufficient accuracy. PLAnET is still in its infancy and will benefit from future campaigns extending the available training dataset as well as the inclusion of ever more complex and critical phenomena affecting the release of microbial aerosol (such as rainfall). The model itself is also adaptable as an emission module for dispersion and chemical transport models, allowing to further explore the impact of microbial aerosols on the atmosphere and climate.
Repeated Look-Up Tables

Efficient hardware implementations routinely approximate mathematical functions with look-up tables, while keeping the error of the approximation under control. For a certain class of commonly occurring 1D functions, namely monotonically increasing or decreasing functions, we found that it is possible to approximate such functions by repeated application of a very low resolution 1D look-up table. There are many advantages to cascading multiple identical LUTs, including the promise of a very simple hardware design and the use of standard linear interpolation. Further, the complexity associated with unequal bin sizes can be avoided. We show that for realistic applications, including gamma correction, high dynamic range encoding and decoding curves, as well as tone mapping and inverse tone mapping applications, multiple cascaded look-up tables can reduce the approximation error by more than 50% compared to a single look-up table with the same total memory footprint.
Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water: the role of antioxidant metabolism of Azolla caroliniana Willd. (Salviniales)

ABSTRACT Phytoremediation has proven to be an effi cient technology for removing arsenic (As) from water, but the plants used in this process need to be tolerant to the damage caused by As. Th e toxic eff ect of As on growth and functioning of the antioxidant system was studied in individual plants of Azolla caroliniana exposed to fi ve concentrations of As (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg L -1 ) for the course of fi ve days. Growth, As absorption, enzymatic activity, total and non-protein thiols and anthocyanin content were assessed. Azolla caroliniana was able to take up large amounts of the pollutant, reaching As concentrations of 386.1 µg g -1 dry weight without saturating the absorption mechanism. Th e tolerance index and the growth of A. caroliniana decreased with the increased As uptake. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidases, catalases and glutathione reductase activities increased at lower doses of As and subsequently declined with higher concentrations, whereas ascorbate peroxidase activity was reduced in all treatments. Unlike the enzymatic defence system, anthocyanin and thiol content increased consistently in all treatments and showed a positive correlation with As concentration. Th erefore, the increased synthesis of non-enzymatic antioxidants is most likely the main factor responsible for the high As tolerance of
Homicide law reform in Victoria, Australia from provocation to defensive homicide and beyond

Homicide law reform surrounding the partial defences to murder currently animates legal stakeholders in Australia and the United Kingdom, particularly in relation to cases of lethal intimate partner violence. In 2005, the Victorian Government implemented a series of homicide law reforms, central to which was the abolition of the partial defence of provocation and the instatement of an offence of defensive homicide. This article, based on a larger qualitative research study with British, Victorian and New South Wales legal stakeholders, explores experiences and perceptions of reforms in Victoria. An analysis of the impact of homicide law reform, using Hudson's principles of discursiveness and reflectiveness as a framework for analysis, reveals some dissonance between the intent and outcomes of these legal reforms. This study concludes that reforms crafted to counter gender bias in the operation of homicide law have produced mixed results for female victims of intimate partner homicide and related case law.
Ensemble mean density and its connection to other microphysical properties of falling snow as observed in Southern Finland

Abstract. In this study measurements collected during winters 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 at the University of Helsinki measurement station in Hyytiala are used to investigate connections between ensemble mean snow density, particle fall velocity and parameters of the particle size distribution (PSD). The density of snow is derived from measurements of particle fall velocity and PSD, provided by a particle video imager, and weighing gauge measurements of precipitation rate. Validity of the retrieved density values is checked against snow depth measurements. A relation retrieved for the ensemble mean snow density and median volume diameter is in general agreement with previous studies, but it is observed to vary significantly from one winter to the other. From these observations, characteristic mass–dimensional relations of snow are retrieved. For snow rates more than 0.2 mm h−1, a correlation between the intercept parameter of normalized gamma PSD and median volume diameter was observed.
Chapter 6 Psychopathy : A Behavioral Systems Approach

Why do they do that? is the question theories of psychopathy should answer. Current theories of psychopathy fail to answer this question because they focus on affective and inhibitory deficits rather than on motivation. Antisocial behavior is appetitive and therefore can only be explained with a motivational theory. This chapter presents a motivational theory of psychopathy that draws on the ethological framework. The chapter answers all four questions of ethology as applied to psychopathy.
Portuguese economic growth revisited: a technology-gap explanation

After a period of convergence where many perceived the country as a success case, Portugal’s economic performance proved to be disappointing in the last decade. In this study we focus on the relationship between technology and economic catching-up in order to answer to two major questions: (i) Has the technological structure of the Portuguese economy been an obstacle for catching up? (ii) What was the role played by the inefficient use of the available resources? Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), we show that over the last few decades the efficiency level of Portugal relative to a sample of 19 OECD countries fell sharply, which resulted in a divergent pattern of the Portuguese economy relative to the technological frontier.
University of Groningen Functional Analysis of Detergent‐Solubilized and Membrane‐Reconstituted ATP‐Binding Cassette Transporters Poolman,

ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters are vital to any living system and are involved in the translocation of a wide variety of substances, from ions and nutrients to high molecular weight proteins. This chapter describes methods used to purify and membrane reconstitute ABC transporters in a fully functional state. The procedures are largely based on our experience with substrate‐binding protein‐dependent ABC uptake systems from bacteria, but the approaches should be applicable to multisubunit membrane complexes in general. Also, we present simple methods, based on substrate binding or translocation, to follow the activity of the protein complexes in detergent‐solubilized and/or membrane‐reconstituted state(s). METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, VOL. 400 0076-6879/05 $35.00 Copyright 2005, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1016/S0076-6879(05)00025-X 430 phase ii conjugation enzymes and transport systems [25]
Model order reduction applied to the numerical study of electrical motor based on POD method taking into account rotation movement

In order to reduce the computation time and the memory resources required to solve an electromagnetic field problem, model order reduction approaches can be applied to reduce the size of the linear equation system obtained after discretisation. In the literature, the POD is widely used in engineering. In this paper, we propose to apply the POD in the case of a finite element problem accounting for the movement. The efficiency of this method is evaluated by considering an electrical motor and by comparing with the full model in terms of computational time and accuracy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.