Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Functional Insoles for Protective Footwear Under Simulated Use Conditions

Abstract The objective of the work was to study the properties of functional insoles for protective footwear using an original methodology by simulating the dynamic real-life conditions. Two insole variants were examined; both are made from a three-layer composite with the middle layer being a polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven. The variants differed in terms of the presence or absence of a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and a biocide in the middle layer. Insole samples were subjected to pressure and examined in terms of the adsorption and desorption of acidic and alkaline liquids, followed by tear strength experiments. In addition, the insoles were placed in protective footwear and the microclimate existing inside the resulting system was determined using T/RH sensors by means of three complementary methods: under controlled climatic conditions, on a thermal foot model, and on human subjects. The results clearly indicate that insoles containing SAP are more effective than those without SAP in terms of both hygienic and mechanical properties.
Advanced Driver Assistance System

The prime motive of the automobile industry is to improve safety in driving machines and avoid accidents. Traffic rules and regulations drafted by the law aren’t followed by many citizens. This is another reason for an accident. Accidents sometimes are unintentional. Some serious acts like drunk and drive, ignoring the signboards, and over speeding might result in severe causalities. To prevent situations like these we seek the Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS). ADAS has the potential to increase safety and provide comfort driving. Driving situations are electronically controlled and decisions are simplified for the driver. Old people may also receive plenty of benefits from this technology. ADAS is designed with a humanmachine interface which tends to improve road safety marginally. Accidents caused by human error can also be minimized. ADAS helps the driver to automate, adapt and enhance the vehicle system for safe driving. Passive safety technologies like wearing seatbelts and airbags cannot prevent road fatalities. Modern technology like ADAS is different from traditional and passive technology and minimizes the fatalities consistently. ADAS also alert the driver of potential problems and helps in maintaining the stability of the vehicle under critical circumstances. Safety features are implemented to take control of the vehicle during collisions. ADAS relies on inputs from multiple sources like the brake assistant, pressure control system, lane departure warning system, road sign identification, etc. Additional features can also be customized based on the needs of the driver. In this paper methods to prevent over speeding, vehicle collisions, and driver alertness systems are discussed. RFID readers are used for sensing the speed limit in the signboards. The speed of the vehicle is managed based on the reading obtained from the tags. Sensors like ultrasonic, alcohol detector, gas sensor, temperature sensor are used to measure other parameters to enhance the safety measure while driving.
A Mathematical Model of a Denitrification Metabolic Network in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Lake Erie, one of the Great Lakes in North America, has witnessed recurrent summertime low oxygen dead zones for decades. This is a yearly phenomenon that causes microbial production of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide from denitrification. Complete denitrification is a microbial process of reduction of nitrate to nitrogen gas via nitrite, nitric oxide, and greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. After scanning the microbial community in Lake Erie, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is decided to be examined, not because it is abundant in Lake Erie, but because it can perform denitrification under anaerobic conditions. This study focuses on a mathematical model of the metabolic network in Pseudomonas aeruginosa under denitrification and testable hypotheses generation using polynomial dynamical systems and stochastic discrete dynamical systems. Analysis of the long-term behavior of the system changing the concentration level of oxygen, nitrate, and phosphate suggests that phosphate highly affects the denitrification performance of the network. This work was partially supported in part by the Ministry of Education in Turkey.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among and within Amaranthus spp. using RAPD markers

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to investigate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 10 species belonging to the genus Amaranthus L. The results showed that the polymorphism in cultivated species was lower than that in wild ones, reflecting the selection pressures of domestication on genetic diversity in cultivated species. A specific RAPD marker was detected for each of A. powellii PI 572262, A. tricolor PI 462129, A. palmeri PI 607455, A. caudatus PI 511679 and A. quitensis PI 511744. The overall mean similarity index of amplified fragments generated by RAPD primers on genomic DNA of Amaranthus accessions indicated that A. hypochondriacus was the closest grain amaranth to A. hybridus , followed by A. caudatus and A. cruentus. A. tricolor had a maximum genetic distance from grain amaranth species, confirming its morphological classification in a distinct subgenus Albersia . Similarly, the accessions of A. palmeri were separated in a distinct cluster, supporting its classification in a distinct subgenus Acnida. A. hybridus accessions were gathered together with grain amaranth species, thereby supporting the single progenitor hypothesis for grain amaranths. A. spinosus was separated on a distinct principal coordinate axe, indicating its low correlation with other species and confirming its morphological classification in a distinct section, i.e. Centrusa .
HyperLedger Fabric-Based Proactive Defense against Inside Attackers in the WSN With Trust Mechanism

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the Trust Mechanism (TM) is used to defend against insider attacks by measuring the trustworthiness of all inside sensor nodes in the network. Thus, each sensor node with TM observes its neighbor nodes’ behaviors, evaluates their trustworthiness as numeric trust values, and captures untrustworthy nodes as inside attackers. Although the defense performance of trust mechanisms can be further improved by sharing the information about inside attackers detected by TM with all sensor nodes, the detected inside attacker list must be securely shared with and stored in all sensor nodes in the WSN. However, according to our survey, we observed that most existing studies simply assume that the communication channel for sharing the attacker detection list is reliable and trusted even in the presence of inside attackers in the WSN. In this paper, we propose and implement a proactive defense model that integrates the HyperLedger Fabric and trust mechanism to defend against inside attackers by securely sharing the detected inside attacker list with all sensor nodes in the WSN. In addition, we conduct comparative experiments to show that our proposed model can better defend against inside attackers than an existing trust mechanism. According to our experimental results, our proposed model could lower the attack damage (the number of packet drops) caused by an inside packet drop attacker by 59 to 67% compared to an existing trust mechanism.
SCRINING IN SILICO ACTIVE COMPOUND OF Pachyrrhizus erosus AS ANTITIROSINASE ON Aspergillus oryzae (COMPUTATTIONAL STUDY WITH HOMOLOGY MODELING AND MOLECULAR DOCKING)

Bengkoang telah banyak digunakan dalam industri kosmetika sebagai whitening agent. Berdasarkan penelitian Lukitaningsih (2009), bengkoang mengandung 6 senyawa aktif yang mampu berperan sebagai whitening agent dengan menghambat aktivitas enzim tirosinase dari jamur Aspergillus oryzae (TyrAo). Namun interaksi senyawa aktif bengkoang dalam menghambat enzim tirosinase belum dapat diketahui. Interaksi senyawa-senyawa aktif bengkoang dengan enzim TyrAo dapat diketahui dengan studi komputasional (in silico). Pemodelan interaksi senyawa aktif bengkoang dengan enzim TyrAo dilakukan dengan metode homology modeling dan molecular docking. Homology modeling dilakukan untuk memodelkan struktur tiga dimensi (3D) enzim tirosinase Aspergillus oryzae (TyrAo) melalui template berupa protein homolog yang sudah diketahui struktur 3D-nya yaitu enzim TyrAb (PDBID: 2Y9X). Model TyrAo digunakan sebagai target makromolekul dalam metode molecular docking. Metode molecular docking merupakan metode untuk menggambarkan posisi ligan (senyawa-senyawa aktif bengkoang) pada sisi aktif reseptor (model TyrAo). Berdasarkan docking yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa residu-residu yang banyak berpengaruh pada interaksi ligan pada sisi aktif adalah residu Thr275 yang berinteraksi secara ikatan hidrogen dengan ligan dan residu His294 yang berinteraksi secara hidrofobik pada cincin aromatik ligan. Penelitian in silico dan in vitro yang telah dilakukan memiliki korelasi (R 2 ) sebesar -0,8366. Korelasi ini menandakan bahwa aktivitas senyawa-senyawa aktif pada bengkoang dalam menghambat enzim TyrAo memiliki hasil yang serupa pada penelitian yang dilakukan secara in silico dan in vitro.
Robust three‐dimensionally printed polypropylene/highly sulfonated polysulfone composites for potential applications in fuel cells

Advanced ion‐conducting composites were prepared by ionomer synthesis, fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D‐printing, surface modification, and pore‐filling. The cost‐effective, mechanically robust, and inert microporous substrates of polypropylene were made by FDM printing. Three infill contents of 30, 50, and 70 vol% of polypropylene were designed. A synthesized highly sulfonated hydroquinone‐based polysulfone, with 80% degree of sulfonation (DS), was used as the pore material. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution on difluorodiphenyl sulfone was used to synthesize the highly sulfonated ionomer. Pore‐filling of the designed printed substrate was done via 10 w/v% of the ionomer solution. Oxygen plasma treatment was applied to enhance the compatibility of the substrate and the pore material's interfaces. Modification of porous substrate was confirmed by alteration of surface polar characteristics and roughness from contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy, respectively. Confinement of highly sulfonated ionomer by the robust structure resulted in the preparation of electrolyte with controlled water uptake, no in‐plane swelling, high conductivity (up to 0.417 S/cm at 60°C under 100% relative humidity), and current density of about 836 mA.cm−2 at 60°C under 100% relative humidity. Regarding the presence of commodity polypropylene in the structure, the performance was good, compared to commercial Nafion membrane, with a cell current density of about 1120 mA.cm−2.
Mediation of human resource management in the linkage between performance and culture in an emerging economy

The linkages between corporate culture, corporate performance, and human resource management (HRM) practice have been broadly investigated, but, none of the previous studieshave analyzeda mediation mechanism in the relevant research models. This article aimed to analyze the complicated linkages among corporate culture, performance, and HRM practice. Especially, it aimed to underline the mediation of HRM in the research model. The research data were collected in Vietnam as one of the quickly developing countries, receiving a humble amount of research on that issue. Multiple regression analyses were employed to scrutinize the causal correlation from corporate culture to performance, while the mediating procedures were applied to investigate the mediating mechanism. The research findings reveal that clan, adhocracy, and market cultures likely improve corporate performance, whereas hierarchy culture negatively influences corporate performance. Furthermore, HRM practice was evidenced to partially mediate the effects of clan, market, and hierarchy culture on performance. Nevertheless, it fully mediates the influence of adhocracy culture on performance. This research is one of the first to link HRM practice to the relationship between corporate culture and performance, and then explore HRM mediation. The empirical results could help researchers and business managers in developing economies more deeply understand the complicated links among corporate culture, performance in business, and the mediation of HRM practice to make better decisions on corporate culture and HRM for their enterprises. Ultimately, they can gain better corporate performance.
Identification and mapping of new tomato late blight resistance genes in an accession of the wild tomato species, Solanum pimpinellifolium

Late blight (LB), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is one of the most potentially destructive and devastating diseases of tomato. Previously, LB was relatively well-controlled through heavy fungicide application, cultural practices, and growing semi-resistant potato cultivars. However, there have never been tomato cultivars with adequate levels of resistance and newer, more aggressive isolates of P. infestans have been reported. To regain adequate control of LB, new sources of genetic resistance in wild species are being identified and characterized. An LB outbreak in summer 2004 in the northeastern U.S. with considerable impact on The Pennsylvania State University‟s tomato breeding program prompted research to identify new sources of LB resistance with the intent of transferring the resistance to breeding material to provide adequate protection against future infections. Previous field, high tunnel, greenhouse and growth chamber evaluations of approximately 70 S. pimpinellifolium accessions led to identification of several with LB resistance. One of these highly resistant accessions, PSLP153, was selected for further evaluation and genetic characterization as described in this Ph.D. thesis. PSLP153 was hybridized with NCEBR-2, a S. lycopersicum breeding line and F1 and F2 populations were previously developed. As an initial step in genetic characterization of the LB resistance, a large F2 population (n=986) was grown and evaluated for LB resistance. Heritability (h 2 ) for LB resistance conferred by PSLP153 was estimated to be 0.68 and 0.76 based on disease severity scores of selected resistant and susceptible F2 individuals and their self (F3) progeny using the parent-progeny method in two replicated experiments. The moderately-high h 2 values indicate that reasonable selection progress for increasing LB resistance can be achieved. As a result, breeding efforts have been undertaken to introduce the LB resistance conferred by PSLP153 to material in The Pennsylvania State University tomato breeding program. Selected resistant and susceptible F2 individuals were genotyped with 153 molecular
DISEASES CAUSED BY SOILBORNE PATHOGENS: BIOLOGY, MANAGEMENT AND CHALLENGES

Soilborne pathogens cause severe diseases in many crops. They have common features based on their close connection with the soil, which has a strong influence on their survival and capacity to cause disease. The latter stems from interactions between the pathogen and the host, which both in turn interacts with the biotic and abiotic components of the environment. Soilborne pathogens produce resting structures which, in the absence of a host, are inactive, and are therefore protected from the soil's hostile activities due to fungistasis. However, in the presence of root exudates of a susceptible host in the rhizosphere, or an adequate nutrient source, they germinate and infect the plant, pending suitable conditions. In addition, soilborne pathogens may colonize the roots of plants that are not their major host, without inducing visible symptoms. Soilborne pathogens have many mechanisms for their spatial dispersal, e.g., through infected propagation material. Basic management strategy involves disruption of one or more of the disease components, at any stage of disease development, to achieve an economic reduction in disease with minimal disturbance to the environment. This is achieved by chemical, physical, biological, cultural, physiological and genetic approaches, using soil disinfestation (fumigation, soil solarization, biofumigation, anaerobic soil disinfestation), biocontrol, organic amendments, resistant cultivars and grafting, fungicides, cultural practices, induced resistance and others. These should be carried out in the framework of integrated pestmanagement programs. Many challenges remain. We need to study the gap between promising results obtained under controlled conditions and the modest results obtained under realistic ones. A better understanding of the mechanisms and modes of action of the involved processes should provide new tools for disease management.
Angle analysis of fabric wrinkle by projected profile light line method, image processing and neuro-fuzzy system

ABSTRACT One of the factors that affects the appearance of the garment is the wrinkle. For this purpose, clothing manufacturers try to measure and predict the wrinkle grade, but the reported grade may vary in non-standard conditions. Measuring the wrinkle grades of fabrics is usually done by experts according to the AATCC test method 128–996. The main problem of grading by this method is the credibility, reliable repeatable, and accuracy of the rating results because of the subjectivity of the grading in one direction. In other words, for the complicated 3D shape of the wrinkled fabric, the wrinkle should be evaluated objectively and subjectively in all directions of the sample. For this purpose, the wrinkled samples are rated subjectively by expert persons according to the AATCC128-996 method in various judge angles. Then integrating the ‘Profile Light Line Method’ and image processing technique are applied for objectively or instrumental measuring of the parameters used in ratting of wrinkle of the fabrics. Finally, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system was used to objectively determine of wrinkle grade of fabric. Furthermore, principal component analysis and feature selection methods are used for increasing the accuracy of the proposed approach.
Novel grass–endophyte associations reduce the feeding behaviour of invasive European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Abstract Context. Small mammalian herbivores, such as European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), can have significant unwanted impacts on agriculture and horticulture and can attract birds of prey and avian scavengers to airports, increasing the risk of bird strike. Sustainable wildlife management tools that have high efficacy and animal welfare are needed to mitigate these impacts. Aim. We assessed perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cultivars associated with selected Epichloë endophytes, originally developed for bird management at airports, to determine their feeding-deterrent properties towards invasive rabbits. Methods. A pellet feed trial using caged domestic rabbits and a pen trial using wild rabbits were conducted to assess rabbit responses to food pellets with novel endophyte-infected or uninfected grass seed and to plots planted with endophyte-infected or uninfected grasses, respectively. Key results. Caged rabbits ate significantly less food pellets containing endophyte-infected grass straw than pellets containing endophyte-free grass straw. Wild rabbits consumed significantly less herbage from plots planted with endophyte-infected grasses than those of the equivalent endophyte-free grass cultivars. Temporal patterns of rabbit feeding behaviour support the hypothesis that deterrence in rabbits resulted from post-ingestion feedback associated with grass–endophyte secondary metabolites. Conclusions. Although more research is required on the exact mechanism of action in rabbits, our results suggest novel endophyte-infected grass associations may substantially reduce rabbit feeding behaviour and possibly rabbit numbers in areas where these grasses are sown. Implications. Novel grass–endophyte associations have great potential for deterring problem wildlife at airports and other amenity areas.
The preventive role of different doses Spirulina platensis on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in healthy rats

There are several antioxidant supplements using for reproductivity and life quality, especially herbal ones. Nowadays, herbal antioxidants especially Spirulina platensis has been still interested due to protective role on oxidant antioxidant balance and health. The present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of S.platensis on important oxidant molecule MDA (TBA, oxidant malondialdeyhde), and individual antioxidants as GPx (glutathione peroxidase), CAT (catalase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) in healthy rats. For this purpose, we used thirty Wistar Albino male rats in three groups: Control, Low Dose Spirulina (500 mg kg-1) and High Dose Spirulina (1000 mg kg-1). S.platensis additives were given by oral gavage daily under a long forty five day of trial. At the end of the study, interestingly, all the antioxidants GPx, CAT, SOD and the oxidant MDA lipid peroxidation values were decreased in group high dose Spirulina compared to Control (p < 0.05). In spite of these decreases, testis weights and indexes were increased in group high dose Spirulina compared to Control significantly. The testis weights and indexes evaluated for normal health of animals. It can be considered that due to the excessive protein and antioxidants features of S.platensis, oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms may be changed. However it can be said that Spirulina can compensate the homeostasis and health of animals. It is also considered that the applications and different doses of S.platensis are needed to be assayed for further studies.
Anti-inﬂammatory Role of Trilobatin on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Acute Lung Injury through Activation of AMPK/GSK3β-Nrf2 Pathway

Inflammation is essential for the pathological process of acute lung injury (ALI). Trilo-batin, a glycosylated dihydrochalcone can show anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation properties. This study aimed to explore whether trilobatin could suppress inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Firstly, mice were injected with trilobatin intraperitoneally, and then LPS was administered intranasally to induce lung injury. Data from analysis of lung edema and pathologic histology of lung tissues indicated that pretreatment with trilobatin alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes and decreased wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio. Moreover, LPS-induced lung injury was attenuated post trilobatin treatment with reduced protein concentration, cell numbers, neutrophils and macrophages in BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid). Secondly, trilobatin treatment decreased the protein level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) thereby suppressing LPS-induced inflammation. LPS-induced oxidative stress was ameliorated following trilobatin treatment with decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Lastly, trilobatin decreased NF-κB phosphorylation and increased Nrf2 through up-regulation of AMPK and GSK3β phosphorylation. In conclusion, trilobatin repressed oxidative stress and inflammatory damage by ameliorating LPS-induced ALI through activation of AMPK/GSK3β-Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB.