Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Methodology to Calculate the CO2 Emission Reduction at the Coal-Fired Power Plant: CO2 Capture and Utilization Applying Technology of Mineral Carbonation

This study introduces a novel methodology to calculate the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reduction related to residual emissions, calculating the CO2 emission reduction through a 2 MW (40 tCO2/day) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) plant installed at a 500 MW coal-fired power plant in operation, to evaluate the accuracy, maintainability, and reliability of the quantified reduction. By applying the developed methodology to calculate the CO2 emission reduction, the established amount of CO2 reduction in the mineral carbonation was evaluated through recorded measurement and monitoring data of the 2 MW CCU plant at the operating coal-fired plant. To validate the reduction, the accuracy, reproducibility, consistency, and maintainability of the reduction should be secured, and based on these qualifications, it is necessary to evaluate the contribution rate of nationally determined contributions (NDCs) in each country. This fundamental study establishes the concept of CCU CO2 reduction and quantifies the reduction to obtain the validation of each country for the reduction. The established concept of the CCU in this study can also be applied to other CCU systems to calculate the reduction, thereby providing an opportunity for CCU technology to contribute to the NDCs in each country and invigorate the technology.
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens - Mediated Transfer of Plant DNA for Gene Expression Analysis.

ABSTRACT ---------------------------------------------------2 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------4 MATERIALS AND METHODS -----------------------------------7 RESULTS ----------------------------------------------------2 2 D I S C U S S I O N -------------------------------------------------39 REFERENCES -------------------------------------------------45 CHAPTER II. Vacuole transport signal in Phaseolus vulgaris ph aseolin. --------------------------------------------------2 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------4 MATERIALS AND METHODS -----------------------------------7 RESULTS ----------------------------------------------------2 2 D I S C U S S I O N -------------------------------------------------39 REFERENCES -------------------------------------------------45 CHAPTER II. Vacuole transport signal in Phaseolus vulgaris ph aseolin. A B S T R A C T ---------------------------------------------------5
LGBT Workplace Equality Policy and Customer Satisfaction: The Roles of Marketing Capability and Demand Instability

A lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender workplace equality policy (LGBT-WEP) helps signal and reinforce the organizational commitment to workplace equality and diversity. Prior evidence suggests that LGBT-WEP is viewed favorably by stakeholders (customers, employees, and channel partners) and influences firm performance. Drawing on stakeholder theory and the resource-based view of the firm, the authors examine whether LGBT-WEP influences customer satisfaction through marketing capability and whether demand instability dampens these associations. To alleviate endogeneity concerns of LGBT-WEP, they exploit the plausibly exogenous state-to-state variations in workplace equality policies determined by statewide laws on nondiscrimination based on sexual orientation. Empirical results indicate that LGBT-WEP positively influences customer satisfaction both directly and through enhanced marketing capability. Demand instability, however, dampens these associations. Additional analyses with alternate measures of key variables, alternate distributional assumption, and alternate model specifications yield consistent results.
Microsatellite markers-based characterisation of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) harvested from selected locations in South-West Nigeria

This study was carried out to characterise Pennisetum purpureum harvested from some selected locations in S outh-W estern Nigeria using microsatellite markers. Leaf parts of growing young elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) were harvested and immediately preserved in ethanol solution before DNA extraction. Two (2) SSR primers (CTM59 and Xtxp278) were used to assess genetic diversity in Pennisetum purpureum. The result shows that 72% of the molecular variations in the elephant grass exists within the population with 28% among the population; there were no unique characteristics among the Nine (9) populations. Nei genetic index ranged from 0.067 (lowest) observed between Isokan and Odeda populations to 0.158 (highest), between Ifedore and Ikoyi Populations. Morphological characterization showed moderate diversity with two major clusters and one minor cluster. Keyword: Elephant grass; cultivars; locations; markers
A Machine Learning Approach to Predicting Readmission or Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack

Readmissions after stroke are not only associated with greater levels of disability and a higher risk of mortality but also increase overall medical costs. Predicting readmission risk and understanding its causes are thus essential for healthcare resource allocation and quality improvement planning. By using machine learning techniques on initial admission data, this study aimed to develop prediction models for readmission or mortality after stroke. During model development, resampling methods were implemented to balance the class distribution. Two-layer nested cross-validation was used to build and evaluate the prediction models. A total of 3422 patients were included for analysis. The 90-day rate of readmission or mortality was 17.6%. This study identified several important predictive factors, including age, prior emergency department visits, pre-stroke functional status, stroke severity, body mass index, consciousness level, and use of a nasogastric tube. The Naïve Bayes model with class weighting to compensate for class imbalance achieved the highest discriminatory capacity in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.661). Despite having room for improvement, the prediction models could be used for early risk assessment of patients with stroke. Identification of patients at high risk for readmission or mortality immediately after admission has the potential of enabling early discharge planning and transitional care interventions.
The effect of feeding mixed tocopherol oil on body accumulation and immune cell functions in lactating holstein dairy cows

Title of Dissertation: THE EFFECT OF FEEDING MIXED TOCOPHEROL OIL ON BODY ACCUMULATION AND IMMUNE CELL FUNCTIONS IN LACTATING HOLSTEIN DAIRY COWS Yang Qu, Doctor of Philosophy, 2017 Dissertation directed by: Assistant Professor Kasey M. Moyes, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences Non-α-tocopherol (i.e. β, γ, and δ-tocopherol) supplements are as important as αtocopherol with regard to maintain lactating dairy cow health. However, information on non-α-tocopherol bioaccumulation and its effects on immune cell function is not available. A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of mixed tocopherol oil supplement (Tmix; i.e. α, β, γ, and δ-tocopherol) on body accumulation and immune cell functions of the lactating Holstein dairy cow. Tissue, tissue mitochondria, blood and milk were collected from lactating dairy cows to measure the concentration of all four tocopherol isoforms via Tmix supplementation. In addition, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) were isolated to investigate the effect of Tmix on its function and immune gene expression. In the first experiment, Tmix increased γtocopherol concentrations but did not increase the α-tocopherol concentration in three different types of tissues (i.e. liver, mammary gland and muscle) and liver mitochondria. Within those three different types of tissues, liver showed the highest ability to store tocopherol isoforms (i.e. αand γ-tocopherol) compared to the other two tissues. Also, amounts of αand γ-tocopherol were detected in liver mitochondria, but limited amounts were detected in mammary gland mitochondria. In the following experiment, Tmix increased γ-tocopherol concentration in milk and blood as determined via every 8 h and daily measurements. Compared to γ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol showed the highest concentration of the tocopherol isoforms in milk and blood. Limited quantities of βand δ-tocopherol were detected in milk and blood via Tmix supplementation. In the last experiment, Tmix increased PMN chemotaxis function and did not impair the whole blood respiratory burst response of dairy cows, which might be associated with non-αtocopherol existing in Tmix. Even though Tmix increased the expression of proinflammatory genes in PMN, those are needed during the initial immune activation. Overall, the results of the experiments demonstrated that short-term supplementation with Tmix could compensate γ-tocopherol without altering α-tocopherol in dairy cows. The liver showed the highest capability of accumulating tocopherol isoforms compared to the mammary gland and muscle. In addition, Tmix did not harm immune functions or have any apparent effects on animal health in lactating Holstein dairy cows. THE EFFECT OF FEEDING MIXED TOCOPHEROL OIL ON BODY ACCUMULATION AND IMMUNE CELL FUNCTIONS IN LACTATING HOLSTEIN DAIRY COWS
Fly wing evolutionary rate is a near-isometric function of mutational variation

If there is abundant mutational and standing genetic variation, most expect that the rate of evolution would be driven primarily by natural selection, and potentially be independent of current variability or variation. Contrary to this expectation, we (H17: Houle et al. 2017 Nature 548:447) found surprisingly strong scaling relationships with slopes near one between mutational variance, standing genetic variance and macro-evolutionary rate in Drosophilid wing traits. Jiang and Zhang (J&Z20: 2020 Evolution https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14076) have challenged these results and our interpretation of them. J&Z20 showed that the method used in H17 to estimate the scaling relationship between variation at different biological levels is uninformative. Using an alternative method, they estimated that the scaling relationship has a slope substantially less than one, and propose a variant of our neutral subset hypothesis to explain this. Here we use simulations to confirm J&Z209s finding that the H17 method for estimating scaling of variances is uninformative. The simulations also show their alternative method for estimating scaling is likely to be seriously biased towards lower scaling relationships. We propose and verify an alternative approach to calculating scaling relationships based on independently estimated variance matrices, which we call the Q method. Simulations and reanalyses of the Drosophilid data set using the Q method suggests that our original estimates of the scaling relationship were close to the true value. We propose an analytical version of the neutral subset model, and show that it can indeed explain any scaling slope by varying assumptions about the pattern of pleiotropy. We continue to regard neutral subset models as implausible for wing shape in Drosophilids due to the likelihood that wing shape is subject to direct selection. Hybrid models in which pleiotropy reduces the available genetic and mutational variation, and a combination of selection and drift controls the change in species means seem more biologically promising.
Evaluation of temperature compensation methods for a near‐infrared calibration to predict the viscosity of micellar liquids

Near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a popular technique for the measurement of chemical and physical properties in‐line using predictive models. The success of these models in industrial settings, in terms of accuracy and precision, often relies on the removal or avoidance of non‐linear spectral changes associated with fluctuating process parameters like temperature. In this work, a NIR calibration model developed to predict the viscosity of micellar liquids in‐line is used to evaluate various methods designed to account for temperature fluctuations. The viscosity of these liquids can vary on average by ±0.5 Pa s with a 1° change in temperature. The methods trialled include global linear techniques, a multivariate filter (generalised least squares weighting [GLSW]) and direct standardisation. The performances of these techniques were compared against one another based on root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), prediction bias and rank. The best method was found to be GLSW, which was the least complex (five latent variables) and showed the lowest RMSEP (0.429 Pa s). This study provides insight into the use of recognised methods to remove temperature‐induced spectral variation in a PLS model developed to predict viscosity, where both NIR spectra and the property of viscosity itself are sensitive to temperature.
The advancement of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices and their basic properties

Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) is most promising present-day silicon technology. The use of SOI provides significant benefits over traditional bulk silicon technology in fabrication of many integrated circuits (ICs), and in particular, complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) ICs. It also allows extending the miniaturization of CMOS devices into the nanometer region. In this review paper, we briefly describe evolution of SOI technology and its main areas of application. The basic technological methods for fabrication of SOI wafers are presented. The principal advantages of SOI devices over bulk silicon devices are described. The types of SOI metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and their basic electrical properties are considered.
Thorough morphological and genetic evidence confirm the existence of the endemic honey bee of the Maltese Islands Apis mellifera ruttneri: recommendations for conservation

The status of Apis mellifera ruttneri, an endemic honey bee of the Maltese islands, was uncertain after a series of devastating Varroa mite infestations followed by ill-conceived replacement programs. Morphometric analysis, which was the method originally used to identify this honey bee subspecies, was carried out using 33 different parameters. Thirty-two colonies exhibiting morphometric data that corresponded to those in the original description of A. m. ruttneri were identified (p > 0.99). In addition, the mitochondrial DNA region spanning the tRNAleu-Cox2 region from colonies bearing the morphometric data associated with A. m. ruttneri was amplified (77% showed the P0QQ structure). The data presented confirm morphometric similarity with A. m. siciliana and A. m. intermissa. We report the presence of A4, A8 and A9 haplotypes in A. m. ruttneri (83%; frequency 0.189, 0.081 and 0.486 respectively). European haplotypes belonging to the C1, C2 and M7 haplotypes were also recorded (17%; 0.135, 0.081, 0027). Recommendations for the conservation of this honey bee are proposed.
Iron Mobility During Diagenesis at Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars

The Curiosity rover investigated a topographic structure known as Vera Rubin ridge, associated with a hematite signature in orbital spectra. There, Curiosity encountered mudstones interpreted as lacustrine deposits, conformably overlying the 300 m‐thick underlying sedimentary rocks of the Murray formation at the base of Mount Sharp. While the presence of hematite (α‐Fe2O3) was confirmed in situ by both Mastcam and ChemCam spectral observations and by the CheMin instrument, neither ChemCam nor APXS observed any significant increase in FeOT (total iron oxide) abundances compared to the rest of the Murray formation. Instead, Curiosity discovered dark‐toned diagenetic features displaying anomalously high FeOT abundances, commonly observed in association with light‐toned Ca‐sulfate veins but also as crystal pseudomorphs in the host rock. These iron‐rich diagenetic features are predominantly observed in “gray” outcrops on the upper part of the ridge, which lack the telltale ferric signature of other Vera Rubin ridge outcrops. Their composition is consistent with anhydrous Fe‐oxide, as the enrichment in iron is not associated with enrichment in any other elements, nor with detections of volatiles. The lack of ferric absorption features in the ChemCam reflectance spectra and the hexagonal crystalline structure associated with dark‐toned crystals points toward coarse “gray” hematite. In addition, the host rock adjacent to these features appears bleached and shows low‐FeOT content as well as depletion in Mn, indicating mobilization of these redox‐sensitive elements during diagenesis. Thus, groundwater fluid circulations could account for the remobilization of iron and recrystallization as crystalline hematite during diagenesis on Vera Rubin ridge.
Where buffalo and cattle meet: modelling interspecific contact risk using cumulative resistant kernels

African buffalo the primary source of foot and mouth disease (FMD) infection for livestock in South Africa. Predicting the spatial drivers and patterns of buffalo–cattle contact risk is crucial for developing effective FMD mitigation strategies. Therefore, the goal of this study was to predict fine-scale, seasonal contact risk between cattle and buffaloes straying into communal lands adjacent to Kruger National Park. This study provides the first application of the cumulative resistant kernel method to calculate contact risk between two species. We built resistance surfaces from resource utilization models of buffalo and cattle and calculated the intersection of resistant kernels of the two species. This revealed that the contact risk is influenced by seasonality, water sources and fence strength, and the magnitude of contact risk is largely driven by buffalo and cattle dispersal abilities. The probability of contact was higher in the dry season, with hotspots along a main river and the weakest parts of the perimeter fence. In the wet season, contact risk was more diffuse and less concentrated along the main river and near settlements. The new approach of intersecting cumulative resistant kernels of two species can produce quantitative predictive maps of animals’ contact risk and help identify potential hotspots of disease transmission.
Deutsch in Europa: Sprachpolitisch, grammatisch, methodisch.

Die deutsche Sprache hat sich innerhalb Europas als Teil einer europäischen Sprachengemeinschaft entwickelt. Sie existiert nicht isoliert von den anderen Sprachen Europas, sondern in enger Beziehung mit ihnen und in immer vielfältigeren Mehrsprachigkeitskonstellationen – sei es diesseits oder jenseits der Grenzen des geschlossenen deutschen Sprachgebiets. Nicht zuletzt ist sie eingebunden in europaweite politische Aktivitäten, durch die und in denen das Deutsche Teil von (gesteuert) erworbenen Sprachrepertoires ist bzw. wird und in Übersetzungsprozesse involviert ist. Diesen Gegebenheiten wird auch in der aktuellen sprachwissenschaftlichen Forschung Rechnung getragen, wie die 56. Jahrestagung des Leibniz-Instituts für Deutsche Sprache in Mannheim mit dem Titel „Deutsch in Europa“ zeigte. In zwölf Plenarvorträgen, neun Projektvorstellungen im Rahmen einer Methodenmesse und einer Podiumsdiskussion wurden sprachpolitische, grammatische und methodische Aspekte des sprachlichen Nebeneinanders in Europa, des Sprachvergleichs und des Deutscherwerbs diskutiert. Die Zahl der Gäste war sicherlich durch die heraufziehende Corona-Pandemie reduziert: Wegen der Corona-Krise konnte man mit ca. 200 Gästen nur die Hälfte der sonst üblichen Teilnehmer/-innen der IDS-Jahrestagungen begrüßen, die sich in den drei Tagen im Congress Center Rosengarten in Mannheim versammelten. Ebenfalls wegen des Coronavirus entfiel der traditionelle Begrüßungsabend im Keller des IDS.
Acute-stress impairs cytoprotective mechanisms through neural inhibition of the insulin pathway

Persistent activation of the “fight-or-flight” response accelerates aging and increases the susceptibility to disease. We show that repeated induction of the C. elegans flight response inhibits conserved cytoprotective mechanisms. This acute-stress response activates neurons that release tyramine, the invertebrate analog of adrenaline/noradrenaline. Tyramine stimulates the DAF-2/Insulin/IGF-1 pathway and precludes the nuclear translocation of the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor through the activation of an adrenergic-like receptor TYRA-3 in the intestine. In contrast, environmental long-term stressors, such as heat or oxidative stress, reduce tyramine release allowing the induction of FOXO-dependent cytoprotective genes. These findings demonstrate how a neural stress-hormone signaling provides a state-dependent neural switch between acute and long-term stress responses, and provide mechanistic insights how acute stress impairs cellular defensive systems. One Sentence Summary: The “fight-or-flight” response reduces resistance to environmental challenges.
Molecules from nature: Reconciling biodiversity conservation and global healthcare imperatives for sustainable use of medicinal plants and fungi

Plants and fungi have provided, or inspired, key pharmaceuticals for global health challenges, including cancer, heart disease, dementia, and malaria, and are valued as traditional medicines worldwide Global demand for medicinal plants and fungi has threatened certain species, contributing to biodiversity loss and depletion of natural resources that are important for the health of humanity We consider the evolving role of plants and fungi in global healthcare as new challenges to human health and to biodiversity arise We present current and emerging scientific approaches, to uncover and preserve nature-based health solutions for the future, through harmonization with biodiversity conservation strategies
A review of vehicle active safety control methods: From antilock brakes to semiautonomy

A comprehensive review of technologies and approaches for active safety systems designed to reduce ground vehicle crashes, as well as the associated severity of injuries and fatalities, is provided. Active safety systems are commonly referred to as systems that can forewarn a driver of a potential safety hazard, or automatically intervene to reduce the likelihood of an accident without requiring driver intervention. The data from naturalistic drivers has shown that such systems are instrumental in improving vehicle safety in various conditions, particularly at higher speeds and under adverse road conditions. The increased integration of sensors, electronics, and real-time processing capabilities has served as one of the critical enabling elements in the widespread integration of active safety systems in modern vehicles. The emphasis is placed on control approaches for active safety systems and their progression over the years from antilock brakes to more advanced technologies that have nearly enabled semiautonomous driving. A review of key active safety control approaches for antilock braking, yaw stability, traction control, roll stability, and various collision avoidance systems is provided.