Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical study of the new ways of “editorialising” open access scientific journals

This is the english translation (by Helen Tomlinson) of a report commissioned by BSN 4 and BSN 7 for the French Ministry of Research (see https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01388556/ for the original). It is concerned with the new ways in which open access journals can be editorialised. The transition to open access has accelerated in recent years. Several countries have established a legal framework to secure the depositing of articles in open archives (in France, a provision of this type is included in the Digital Bill). In May 2016, the Council of the European Union called for open access to be made a “default option” in all Member States by 2020. While the conversion of scientific publishing to open access distribution appears to be a given in the short term, the ways and means remain uncertain: is the process confined to simply transferring budgets from subscription to the payment of publishing rights, without fundamentally changing the existing publishing structures (“journal flipping”)? Or does it entail new models that reconfigure the existing parameters as a whole (review procedures, writing practices, business models, governance)? This dynamic of change opens up the prospect of large-scale reforms. The initial remit of the present study falls into this framework: what publishing forms can the state encourage in a digital age that is witnessing the transformation of scientific publishing and the failure of scientific peer review? This report maps four aspects of the emerging practices and initiatives: publishing tools, writing forms, peer review and economic models. The different “dimensions” we have mapped are interdependent and raise common issues, adressed in the final part. In an ecosystem as “interdependent” as digital scientific publishing, this reform would imply the implementation of infrastructure policies which, above and beyond supporting specific usages and tools, would define the convergent linkages between mechanisms, actors and practices.
Chronotype, Shift Work, and Sleep Problems Among Emergency Medicine Clinicians

Introduction : Extensive research has demonstrated that shift work can be detrimental to sleep. Chronotype, the preference for time of day to sleep or be active, can influence how we function at different times of day and how shift work impacts us. This study was designed to assess the chronotype of emergency physicians (EPs) and emergency advanced practice providers (EAPPs) and examine how chronotype was related to sleep problems and shifts worked over a three-month period. Methods : A survey assessing chronotype and sleep quality was sent to 225 EPs and EAPPs in a single, large academic Department of Emergency Medicine. An archival database indicated the shifts worked during the prior three months and the percentages of day, evening, and night shifts for each practitioner were calculated. Results : 127 people completed the survey (56.4%). Of the three chronotypes (morning, intermediate, eve-ning), most EM clinicians were categorized as intermediate chronotype (56/127, 44.1%), followed by morning type (39/127, 30.7%) and then evening type (32/127, 25.2%). Those with an evening chronotype were more likely to report daytime dysfunction (a lack of enthusiasm and propensity to fall asleep during activities) (p < 0.01) and worked a greater percentage of night shifts than other chronotypes (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the effect of evening chronotype on daytime dysfunction was no longer significant when controlled for the rela-tively greater percentage of night shifts worked, suggesting that the observed dysfunction was more likely an artifact of the night shifts worked, rather than purely chronotype driven. Conclusion : This is the first study of a large cohort of EM practitioners investigating chronotype and its influence on shift preference and sleep quality. In this pilot investigation, most of the surveyed clinicians were categorized as an intermediate chronotype. Working night shifts was associated more closely with daytime dysfunction than was chronotype, strengthening the latent literature that working night shift carries with it significant challenges to the EM clinician. Future research should evaluate the relationship between chronotype malalignment to practitioner burnout and well-being. ABSTRACT
'Deltafly' three-phase boost power factor correction circuit operating in discontinuous conduction mode

The 'Deltafly', a circuit belonging to a family of two-stage, three-phase power factor correction circuits, is proposed. A new space vector analysis method using the average current over a switching cycle is used for studying the discontinuous conduction mode operation of the circuit. The 'Deltafly' represents a combination of the boost-delta and flyback circuits, with features depending on the inductance ratio of the two stages, and with component stress sharing.
Effect of interphase magnetic coupling of shunt reactor on transmission-line open-phase overvoltages and neutral reactor optimisation

This study thoroughly studies overvoltages appearing on the isolated phase (s) of shunt reactor compensated transmission-lines when remaining phases are left energised. The voltage that appears on the isolated phase would settle to a steady-state component induced from the energised phases. This endures until all other phases are disconnected or the isolated phase is re-energised. Reactors with different zero- and positive-sequence reactances are less common but not rare. Taking this point into account, a general model is introduced for three-phase reactors involving those with interphase magnetic coupling. Accordingly, a rigorous analytical formulation is developed to prevent open-phase damaging overvoltages. As proposed, this is achieved by installing a suitable neutral reactor whose optimal value is obtained using the extracted closed-form equations. It is shown that in the case of shunt reactors with interphase magnetic coupling, open-phase overvoltages are more likely to arise even for small degrees of compensation. Based on the defined objectives, a range is determined for the neutral reactance in which no open-phase overvoltage would appear. This provides a high flexibility in sizing the neutral reactor considering technical and economical limitations. The accuracy of the employed models and effectiveness of the optimised neutral reactance are further illustrated through extensive simulation studies using the electromagnetic transient program EMTP-RV.
The persistence of legal uncertainty on EU citizens’ access to social benefits in Germany

Legal uncertainty may hinder the effective implementation of public policies. Still, the political and legal dynamics that underpin its persistence are underexplored. This article proposes that legal uncertainty is more likely to persist in multi-level political and legal systems where actors with authority on the same issue hold different interpretations of rules. Also, it suggests that, under these conditions, actors can use legal uncertainty as an opportunity to advance their own interests. We illustrate this argument by investigating the legal uncertainty concerning EU citizens’ access to social benefits in Germany. Through the analysis of social legislation and courts’ rulings, the article shows that different interpretations of EU law by domestic actors hindered the possibilities of settling uncertainty: national courts of different levels used litigation processes and referrals to the Court of Justice of the European Union to advance their legal interpretations and the German government profited from the uncertainty to exclude EU citizens from social benefits.
A 100 ps multi-time over threshold data acquisition system for cosmic ray detection

High-energy cosmic rays are one of the primary sources of information for scientists investigating the elementary properties of matter. The need to study cosmic rays with energies many orders of magnitude larger than those encountered in particle accelerators led to the development of modern detection hardware and experimental methodologies. We present a low power, low complexity data acquisition (DAQ) system with 100 ps resolution, suitable for particle and radiation detection experiments. The system uses a multiple-time-over-threshold (MToT) technique for the treatment of the output signal of photo multiplier tubes (PMTs). The system has been designed for the Hellenic Open University cosmic ray telescope, where scintillator detectors are used for the detection of extensive air showers (EAS). The use of three thresholds offers a more accurate measurement of the PMT pulses’ size and consequently of the number of the incident ionizing particles. For the evaluation of the pulse the system uses comparators and a time-to-digital converter (TDC), whereas the pulses are time-stamped using the GPS signal. The prototype card is analyzed for its noise behavior and tested to verify its performance.
Closing Pandora's Box: adapting a systems ergonomics methodology for better understanding the ecological complexity underpinning the development and prevention of running-related injury

ABSTRACT The popularity of running as a form of exercise continues to increase dramatically worldwide. Alongside this participation growth is the burden of running-related injury (RRI). Over the past four decades, traditional scientific research applications have primarily attempted to isolate discrete risk factors for RRI using observational study designs as commonly used in public health epidemiology. Unfortunately, only very few randomised controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy associated with a well-specified RRI prevention intervention. Even though the knowledge about risk factors as generated in observational studies is valuable for better understanding why RRI develops, it nonetheless means that there remains a major knowledge gap about how best to prevent it, especially in a way that fully addresses all causal factors. Alongside the continuing use of traditional scientific approaches, a particular systems ergonomics methodology should also be considered in light of its potential to visualise the complete distance running system. This article adapts the Systems Theoretic Accident Mapping and Processes (STAMP) model to the RRI research prevention context. The direct application of STAMP might offer new knowledge about how to prevent RRI, such as exposing questions around the feasibility of adopting novel injury prevention interventions that do not directly target runners themselves.
Well‐posedness and exponential stability of the Kawahara equation with a time‐delayed localized damping

The aim of this article is to investigate the well‐posedness and stability problems of the so‐called Kawahara equation under the presence of an interior localized delayed damping. The system is shown to be well‐posed. Furthermore, we prove that the trivial solution is exponentially stable in spite of the delay effect. Specifically, local and semi‐global stability results are established according to the properties of the spatial distribution of the delay term.
Novel Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors to Target Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

This paper reports on a novel series of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) potentially useful for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The newly designed and synthesized compounds are structurally related to nilotinib (NIL), a second-generation oral TKI, and to a series of imatinib (IM)-based TKIs, previously reported by our research group, these latter characterized by a hybrid structure between TKIs and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitors. The enzyme HO-1 was selected as an additional target since it is overexpressed in many cases of drug resistance, including CML. The new derivatives 1a–j correctly tackle the chimeric protein BCR-ABL. Therefore, the inhibition of TK was comparable to or higher than NIL and IM for many novel compounds, while most of the new analogs showed only moderate potency against HO-1. Molecular docking studies revealed insights into the binding mode with BCR-ABL and HO-1, providing a structural explanation for the differential activity. Cytotoxicity on K562 CML cells, both NIL-sensitive and -resistant, was evaluated. Notably, some new compounds strongly reduced the viability of K562 sensitive cells.
Risk Prediction of Second Primary Malignancies in Primary Early-Stage Ovarian Cancer Survivors: A SEER-Based National Population-Based Cohort Study

Purpose This study aimed to characterize the clinical features of early-stage ovarian cancer (OC) survivors with second primary malignancies (SPMs) and provided a prediction tool for individualized risk of developing SPMs. Methods Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database during 1998–2013. Considering non-SPM death as a competing event, the Fine and Gray model and the corresponding nomogram were used to identify the risk factors for SPMs and predict the SPM probabilities after the initial OC diagnosis. The decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate the clinical utility of our proposed model. Results A total of 14,314 qualified patients were enrolled. The diagnosis rate and the cumulative incidence of SPMs were 7.9% and 13.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 13.5% to 13.6%], respectively, during the median follow-up of 8.6 years. The multivariable competing risk analysis suggested that older age at initial cancer diagnosis, white race, epithelial histologic subtypes of OC (serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and Brenner tumor), number of lymph nodes examined (<12), and radiotherapy were significantly associated with an elevated SPM risk. The DCA revealed that the net benefit obtained by our proposed model was higher than the all-screening or no-screening scenarios within a wide range of risk thresholds (1% to 23%). Conclusion The competing risk nomogram can be potentially helpful for assisting physicians in identifying patients with different risks of SPMs and scheduling risk-adapted clinical management. More comprehensive data on treatment regimens and patient characteristics may help improve the predictability of the risk model for SPMs.
A cascaded approach for feature-preserving point cloud denoising based on the weighted multi-normal scheme

Point cloud denoising is currently still an attractive topic in computer vision. The main challenge is how to preserve the neat geometric features of 3D models while suppressing surface noise effectively. In this paper, we propose a cascaded approach which sequentially includes normal filtering, feature extraction, multi-normal estimation, and points updating to address this concern. The proposed approach keeps robust and has outstanding feature preserving performance by using the multi-normal strategy and incorporating a new feature-recognized trilateral weight. Experiments on synthetic and real scanned point clouds demonstrate that our approach can preserve various geometric features while suppressing noise reliably and is more competitive than the compared methods.
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase MSRA5.1 Interacts with Glutathione Synthase 2 to Improve Osmotic Stress Resistance in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by abiotic stress in plant cells can lead to the oxidation of methionine (Met). Met sulfoxide reductases (MSRs) reduce oxidized Met and protect plants from oxidative damage. However, the function of the MSR gene family in quinoa remains unknown. In the present study, a set of eight full-length Chenopodium quinoa MSR ( CqMSR ) complementary DNAs was isolated. And their responses to salt, drought, heat and cold stress were analyzed. To the best of our knowledge, no information on function and substrates of CqMSRA5.1 has been reported in quinoa. In the present study, its constitutive overexpression in Arabidopsis (AtOE) resulted in notable increase in MSR activity, and enhanced the tolerance of seedlings to osmotic stress. The effect of active CqMSRA5.1 in Arabidopsis decreased ROS accumulation. Quinoa glutamine synthetase 2 (GSH2) a potential interaction substrate of CqMSRA5.1, was obtained by screening STRING database, further confirmed by means of yeast two-hybrid, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. Under osmotic stress, the expression of AtGSH2 and the total content of GSH in AtOE lines increased significantly, and the ratio of GSH/GSSG decreased significantly compared to wild type. BSO, one inhibitor of GST, can partially impair the phenotype of the CqMSRA5.1 -induced response to osmotic stress. Together, CqMSRA5.1 participates in osmotic response partially via CqGSH2. Interacts with Synthase 2 to Improve Stress Resistance in Arabidopsis Thaliana. ”
The Maslach-Trisni Burnout Inventory: Adaptation for Indonesia

Burnout is commonly measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which consists of three subscales measuring emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and cynicism. We adapted the scale and then explored and confirmed the three dimensions on the Indonesian version named The Maslach-Trisni Burnout Inventory (M-TBI) with an exploratory analysis followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) from 822 workforces. The sensitivity for different job characteristics and demographic factors was established with analyses of variance and based on percentile scores of the subscales, three categories for burnout tendency were proposed. The scores on the three subscales were compared with those of Western countries. There are similar scores for emotional exhaustion and cynicism, but the sample score for personal accomplishment tends to be lower than the western countries. It can be concluded that the M-TBI scale is a reliable, sensitive, and efficient tool to measure the burnout tendency in the workforce in Indonesia.
Development of Air Quality Boxes Based on Low-Cost Sensor Technology for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Analyses of the relationships between climate, air substances and health usually concentrate on urban environments because of increased urban temperatures, high levels of air pollution and the exposure of a large number of people compared to rural environments. Ongoing urbanization, demographic ageing and climate change lead to an increased vulnerability with respect to climate-related extremes and air pollution. However, systematic analyses of the specific local-scale characteristics of health-relevant atmospheric conditions and compositions in urban environments are still scarce because of the lack of high-resolution monitoring networks. In recent years, low-cost sensors (LCS) became available, which potentially provide the opportunity to monitor atmospheric conditions with a high spatial resolution and which allow monitoring directly at vulnerable people. In this study, we present the atmospheric exposure low-cost monitoring (AELCM) system for several air substances like ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulate matter, as well as meteorological variables developed by our research group. The measurement equipment is calibrated using multiple linear regression and extensively tested based on a field evaluation approach at an urban background site using the high-quality measurement unit, the atmospheric exposure monitoring station (AEMS) for meteorology and air substances, of our research group. The field evaluation took place over a time span of 4 to 8 months. The electrochemical ozone sensors (SPEC DGS-O3: R2: 0.71–0.95, RMSE: 3.31–7.79 ppb) and particulate matter sensors (SPS30 PM1/PM2.5: R2: 0.96–0.97/0.90–0.94, RMSE: 0.77–1.07 µg/m3/1.27–1.96 µg/m3) showed the best performances at the urban background site, while the other sensors underperformed tremendously (SPEC DGS-NO2, SPEC DGS-CO, MQ131, MiCS-2714 and MiCS-4514). The results of our study show that meaningful local-scale measurements are possible with the former sensors deployed in an AELCM unit.
Enhanced social engineering framework mitigating against social engineering attacks in higher education

The purpose of this paper was to develop and validate an enhanced social engineering framework to mitigate against social engineering attacks. The study formulated a theoretical framework which was informed by the strengths and weaknesses of existing social engineering frameworks, the framework was also guided by the Dhillon's balanced control theory. The theoretical framework was validated by experts using the Delphi technique which comprised of three rounds. A sample of 25 experts from three higher education institutions which met the inclusion criteria were selected. The study was guided by the interpretivism philosophy to get a deep understanding of the phenomenon under study. The findings reveal that social engineering awareness, organizational security policy and Internet of Things (IOT) security succor in reducing social engineering attacks. The findings from this study will be utilized by decision makers in higher education sector to come up with engaging social engineering training programs, set up an organizational security policy and preclude IOT attacks to mitigate social engineering attacks in higher education. The study contributes to the field of social engineering with an enhanced social engineering framework that mitigate against social engineering attacks. The study adds to under‐represented social engineering framework in higher education.
SELF-FOLDING TRANSFORMER ROBOT BASED ON BIDIRECTIONAL SHAPE MEMORY POLYMER COMPOSITE ACTUATORS

Self-folding is universal in nature. The concept of self-folding has attracted interests from standpoints of both fundamental scientific research and technological innovations due to the advantages of self-folding over traditional manufacturing methods. Driven by the interests in self-folding, people have developed artificial self-folding structures at different length scales based on specific actuators that can realize unidirectional folding movement. To overcome the limitations of unidirectional actuators in fabricating more complex structures, people also developed actuators that can realize bidirectional folding action. Most of these actuators are based on shape memory effects of shape memory polymers and alloys. However, the applicability of these bidirectional actuators is restricted by drawbacks such as complexity in fabrication and programming. We have developed and characterized an easy-to-fabricate and low-cost shape memory polymer composite actuator which could enable bidirectional folding action with adjustable angles by simple programming procedures. Based on analytical, numerical, and experimental analysis, we have shown that we can control the folding angle and ii
Depth-Averaged Modeling of Groundwater Flow and Transport

In many groundwater studies, the areal extent of an aquifer is much larger than its thickness so that flow and transport take place primarily in horizontal directions. Also, using two-dimensional models saves computational time and requires fewer parameters than full- three dimensional modeling. Thus, the most common type of modeling in practical applications is two-dimensional involving vertically averaged dependent variables, primarily hydraulic head and solute concentration. This is a tutorial on depth- averaged groundwater modeling using COMSOL Multiphysics, primarily the Earth Science Module, with tips for avoiding some bumps on the road. We describe how to use COMSOL Multiphysics to solve problems involving, among others, regional flow, and pumping wells of infinitesimal and finite radius.