Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Student Graduation, Labour Market Destinations and Employment Earnings

This paper investigates the labour market destinations of graduates from seven higher education institutions in South Africa. A three-step estimation procedure is employed in which the relative importance of covariates such as age, race, and gender in each stage from educational attainment to pre-defined labour market outcomes, is estimated. The results indicate that race continues to be a significant determinant in South Africa of the probability of outcomes such as graduation and employment even when controlling for institution type and field of study. No differential in earnings is apparent on the basis of race once individuals have been selected into employment. Whilst socio-economic variables are important in determining graduation and success in the labour market, they are not crucial.
Intrusion Detection Protocol for Adhoc Networks

MANET is accessible to legitimate as well as non- legitimate network users. Secured routing over such kind of network is a very critical task due to highly dynamic environment. In this research paper, a new intrusion detection protocol has been proposed for secured routing over MANET. An experimental analysis of proposed protocol has been carried using network simulator. Based on the experimental analysis, recommendations have been made about the significance of protocol under various situations. Keywords: Adhoc, Intrusion, MANET, Network, Routing, Secured
A model of nitrous oxide evolution from soil driven by rainfall events: 1. Model structure and sensitivity

This paper describes a rain-event driven, process-oriented simulation model, DNDC, for the evolution of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and dinitrogen (N2) from agricultural soils. The model consists of three submodels: thermal-hydraulic, decomposition, and denitrification. Basic climate data drive the model to produce dynamic soil temperature and moisture profiles and shifts of aerobic-anaerobic conditions. Additional input data include soil texture and biochemical properties as well as agricultural practices. Between rainfall events the decomposition of organic matter and other oxidation reactions (including nitrification) dominate, and the levels of total organic carbon, soluble carbon, and nitrate change continuously. During rainfall events, denitrification dominates and produces N2O and N2. Daily emissions of N2O and N2 are computed during each rainfall event and cumulative emissions of the gases are determined by including nitrification N2O emissions as well. Sensitivity analyses reveal that rainfall patterns strongly influence N2O emissions from soils but that soluble carbon and nitrate can be limiting factors for N2O evolution during denitrification. During a year sensitivity simulation, variations in temperature, precipitation, organic C, clay content, and pH had significant effects on denitrification rates and N2O emissions. The responses of DNDC to changes of external parameters are consistent with field and experimental results reported in the literature.
Designing a soft preference based search interface for the housing market

Websites aiming to assist users in finding a new house are becoming increasingly popular. Finding a potential relevant house is based on the users’ search criteria and the ability to define these criteria in an easy-to-use search user interface. Due to hard constraints, over-specification is one of the problems many users encounter when searching for a house online. In this paper, we propose a soft onstraint based search user interface for the housing domain. Our analysis of existing websites and user opinions suggests the need for an interface with more flexibility towards the user, with a focus on ranking relevant items according to the user’s weighted importance for selected filters. The proposed interface design is evaluated with five potential users and reflects on the impact and possible improvements.
mengindikasikan bahwa SISDM belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal atau bahkan terdapat banyak pegawai yang belum pernah mengaksesnya. Masih banyaknya pegawai yang belum memanfaatkan SISDM menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah sistem tersebut belum sesuai dan sulit untuk digunakan oleh penggunanya. Penelitian i

Semenjak tahun 2006, aplikasi Sistem Informasi Sumber Daya Manusia (SISDM) telah dipergunakan pegawai Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia (BPK RI) untuk mendapatkan informasi dan mengelola data kepegawaiannya. Meskipun bersifat wajib (mandatory), sistem ini belum sepenuhnya digunakan oleh pegawai, yang dibuktikan dengan banyaknya data belum dimutakhirkan oleh para pegawai. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa SISDM belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal atau bahkan terdapat banyak pegawai yang belum pernah mengaksesnya. Masih banyaknya pegawai yang belum memanfaatkan SISDM menimbulkan pertanyaan apakah sistem tersebut belum sesuai dan sulit untuk digunakan oleh penggunanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pengguna akhir terhadap SISDM dengan menggunakan End User Computing Safisfaction (EUCS) sebagai sinyal bagi manajemen untuk mengetahui kesulitan dan ketidaksesuaian ini.
Entrepreneurship Promotion for Susta?nable Development

The purpose of the study is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the degree to which the entrepreneurship factor would enhance sustainable development. The analysis will run a comparative analysis on how the entrepreneurship factors would add value to sustainable economic development. It is worth mentioning that entrepreneurship is a factor of production per se. The design was based on secondary research but then focused on appropriate data that addressed the research objectives. The main data had been obtained from business and investment reports. On the other hand, the researcher conducted an evaluation of the entrepreneurship factor in sustainable development. In general, a review of relevant literature was undertaken and fundamental issues were identified. The research analysis contains a discussion of the entrepreneurship factor in sustainable development. Particular attention has been given to the contribution entrepreneurial activities have to sustainable economic development. The study also conducts a risk assessment among the three factors of production capital, labour and now entrepreneurship to assess the one that would have minimal risks in as far as sustainable development is concerned. The researcher purports that the entrepreneurship factor can extend quite a number of advantages through innovation, product development, and competitiveness, thus creating a more sustainable development. This research analysis brings together the discussion on the entrepreneurship factor and its relationship with sustainable development. Therefore, it should be a great resource to the managers and policy makers in their quest to enhance sustainable development especially in a strategic context. Keywords : Entrepreneurship, Sustainable Economic Development, Risk Analysis, Research and Development.
Do Individual Differences in Perceiving Situational Demands Moderate the Relationship Between Personality and Assessment Center Dimension Ratings?

This study contributes to research on assessment centers' (AC) external construct-related validity by investigating a potential moderator of the relationship between personality and AC dimension ratings. On the basis of recent insights in person-situation contingencies we hypothesized that individual differences in people's perception of situational demands moderate the relationship between personality and conceptually related AC dimension ratings. The hypotheses were tested with 108 individuals in two leaderless group discussion exercises. Results confirmed the hypotheses for two of the three traits (i.e., Agreeableness and Conscientiousness). In particular, people high on these traits who identified the situational demands received higher AC dimension ratings. People high on these traits who did not identify the situational demands received lower AC dimension ratings.
Penetration of carbon nanocylinder through a lipid bilayer

Nanotechnology has brought forward new information, and innovative practices that can be utilised by applying mathematical techniques. Nanotoxicology is a branch of nanomedicine concerned with the study of toxicity of nanoparticles that may be hazardous to cells or organs. In the worst-case scenario, a tumour or cancer could possibly be induced by these nanoparticles. To study the toxicity of nanoparticles, we investigate the penetration of nanocylindrical carbon entering a lipid bilayer. We determine the interaction energy between the carbon nanocylinder and a lipid bilayer, looking at the penetration mechanism for appropriate carbon nanocylinder size. By applying the Lennard-Jones potential function and continuous approximation, the interaction energy is analysed by numerical evaluations, obtained by performing surface or volume integrals. Using this model, it has been indicated that the carbon nanocylinder with the radius and the half length of 3.55 Å will penetrate through the lipid bilayer when the hole radius of the lipid is larger than 6.65 Å. It penetrates deeper as the hole size gets larger. However, if there are no external forces, the nanoparticle will not pass the hole of the lipid bilayer but rather remains in the lipid bilayer.
Reach‐scale channel geometry of a mountain river

Mountain rivers can be subject to strong constraints imposed by changes in gradient and grain size supplied by processes such as glaciation and rockfall. Nonetheless, adjustments in the channel geometry and hydraulics of mountain rivers at the reach scale can produce discernible patterns analogous to those in fully alluvial rivers. Mountain rivers can differ in that imposed reach‐scale gradient is an especially important control on reach‐scale channel characteristics, as indicated by examination of North St Vrain Creek in Colorado.
Implementation of Sorting Algorithms with CUDA: An Empirical Study

Sorting algorithms have been studied for more than 3 decades now. The aim of this paper is to implement some of the sorting algorithms using the CUDA language in a GPU environment provided by the Nvidia graphics cards. This empirical study is done for comparing the performance of the sorting algorithms in a run-time environment provided by the GPUs and the CUDA programming language. This study considers the implementation of bubble sort, insertion sort, quicksort, selection sort and shell sort algorithms. It is shown that there is a significant amount of speed-up in using CUDA and the Nvidia architecture instead of a sequential code running on standard architectures.
A new two-moment bulk stratiform cloud microphysics scheme in the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3 (CAM3). Part I: Description and numerical tests

A new two-moment stratiform cloud microphysics scheme in a general circulation model is described. Prognostic variables include cloud droplet and cloud ice mass mixing ratios and number concentrations. The scheme treats several microphysical processes, including hydrometeor collection, condensation/ evaporation, freezing, melting, and sedimentation. The activation of droplets on aerosol is physically based and coupled to a subgrid vertical velocity. Unique aspects of the scheme, relative to existing two-moment schemes developed for general circulation models, are the diagnostic treatment of rain and snow number concentration and mixing ratio and the explicit treatment of subgrid cloud water variability for calculation of the microphysical process rates. Numerical aspects of the scheme are described in detail using idealized one-dimensional offline tests of the microphysics. Sensitivity of the scheme to time step, vertical resolution, and numerical method for diagnostic precipitation is investigated over a range of conditions. It is found that, in general, two substeps are required for numerical stability and reasonably small time truncation errors using a time step of 20 min; however, substepping is only required for the precipitation microphysical processes rather than the entire scheme. A new numerical approach for the diagnostic rain and snow produces reasonable results compared to a benchmark simulation, especially at low vertical resolution. Part II of this study details results of the scheme in single-column and global simulations, including comparison with observations.
Heterogeneity and Biases in Inflation Expectations of Japanese Households

This study examines the formation of the inflation expectations of Japanese households using a micro-level dataset of forecast errors of expected inflation rates. The Japanese have recently come to be interested in policies that intend to positively influence the inflation expectations of households and firms. The effectiveness of these policies depends on the mechanism of expectation formation. Thus, whether expectations are formed adaptively or rationally, or whether expectations are homogeneous or heterogeneous, are important factors influencing policy effectiveness. In this study, we carefully examine the formation of inflation expectations of Japanese households by using a micro-level dataset of the “Consumer Confidence Survey” of the Japanese government. We observe that inflation expectations are stably biased upwards and are distributed in a dispersed way. We find that the “asymmetric loss function model,” in which households incur asymmetric loss from either over estimation or underestimation of the future inflation rate, can explain the observed bias to a certain extent. Further, the relationships between expectations and age show a stable asymmetric inverted-U shape notwithstanding the survey period. The a symmetric loss function can also explain this shape, indicating that mid-aged consumers tend to show strong asymmetries in error aversion.
Artificial Intelligence Techniques – Some Attractive and Powerful Computational Tools for Geodesy and Geomatics

There is a variety of definitions about Artificial intelligence (AI). In this paper, the following definition is selected advisedly: AI is the development of computer systems to solve difficult problems, which can not be solved by an exhaustive examination of all possible solutions since these may be too many. From this point of view, as this definition guides, a brief review of some of AI-tools is attempted with two targets: To present some of the tools (older-“classics” and younger-“exotics”) and to explore their penetrating potentiality in the opportune fields of Geodesy and Geomatics.
The role of experience in syntactic processing: a critical view from the linguistics building

Linguists with an interest in psycholinguistic research on the processing of language often feel concerned that psycholinguistic experiments truly reflect important aspects of the nature of language and not artefactual dimensions of the methodologies used in them. In this paper I intend to argue that one of the main theories of language comprehension, Tuning, is flawed precisely because the theory has virtually no connection with the world of linguistics. If my view is correct, information about language obtained within the Tuning paradigm is therefore unlikely to reflect truly significant aspects of the nature of language. Tuning is premised on the role played by frequency in many cognitive domains, including the processing of language. It claims that ambiguous sentences are processed initially by preferring more frequent syntactic trees over less frequent ones. A prerequisite to the verificability of the theory is that its corpus analyses be wellfounded. Another is that the theory spell out precisely what counts as a segment subject to frequency effects. I intend to argue that these two prerequisites are not adequately controlled by the proponents of the model.
The War of Models: Determination of Wages and Employment in Swedish Private Sector

The War of Models: Determination of Wages and Employment in Swedish Private Sector (di Robert Plasman, Francois Rycx) - ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to discriminate between competing models of wage and employment determination (right-to-manage, efficient bargaining and general bargaining models) using annual macro-data from the Swedish private sector covering the period 1960-93. Methodologically, the analysis relies on the Engle-Granger’s two-step estimation procedure and on non-nested tests. Phillips-Hansens’s non-parametric technique is used to obtain optimal and asymptotically normal long-run estimators. Our results show that the right-to-manage and the efficient bargaining models can be rejected in favour of the general bargaining model. Consequently, they stress the absence of a simple relation between the trade unions bargaining power and employment. JEL Classification: J50, C22, C52.
DYNAMICAL INFERENCE FROM A KINEMATIC SNAPSHOT: THE FORCE LAW IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM

If a dynamical system is long-lived and non-resonant (that is, if there is a set of tracers that have evolved independently through many orbital times), and if the system is observed at any non-special time, it is possible to infer the dynamical properties of the system (such as the gravitational force or acceleration law) from a snapshot of the positions and velocities of the tracer population at a single moment in time. In this paper, we describe a general inference technique that solves this problem while allowing (1) the unknown distribution function of the tracer population to be simultaneously inferred and marginalized over, and (2) prior information about the gravitational field and distribution function to be taken into account. As an example, we consider the simplest problem of this kind: we infer the force law in the solar system using only an instantaneous kinematic snapshot (valid at 2009 April 1.0) for the eight major planets. We consider purely radial acceleration laws of the form ar = −A [r/r0]−α, where r is the distance from the Sun. Using a probabilistic inference technique, we infer 1.989 < α < 2.052 (95% interval), largely independent of any assumptions about the distribution of energies and eccentricities in the system beyond the assumption that the system is phase-mixed. Generalizations of the methods used here will permit, among other things, inference of Milky Way dynamics from Gaia-like observations.
Characteristic, Thermochemical Behaviors and Kinetic of Demineralized and Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB)

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 13 August, 2018 Accepted: 30 September, 2018 Online: 18 October, 2018 A sequential pre-treatment of demineralization and torrefaction, was carried out on palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). EFB and demineralized EFB (DEFB) were torrefied in a vertical tubular reactor in the temperature range of 200 to 280 °C for 30 mins under nitrogen (flow rate:100 mL/min. The pretreated samples were characterized using proximate and ultimate analyses, fuel properties, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques. The thermal and kinetic study on the torrefied samples were carried out using thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that sequential pretreatment enhances the properties of solid EFB by increasing the carbon content and reducing the oxygen content with increasing the calorific value. Fuel properties of torrefied samples showed the mass and energy yield decreased, with an increase in energy density. In addition, the FTIR spectra showed the decomposition of hemicellulose occurring for torrefied samples as evidenced by the disappearance of the vibrational features belonging to hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. The kinetic study carried out using Coats-Redfern method on torrefied samples suggested that the activation energy can be transferred by the sequential pre-treatment, indicating that the abundant energy it has can be converted into bio oil of high quality. Apparently, torrefied samples bear high potential to be used as biofuel feedstock when exposed to further thermal decomposition and pyrolysis processes.
Signs, deixis, and the emergence of scientific explanation

L'A. etudie la gestuelle qui accompagne les paroles dans une perspective semiotique, en proposant un modele semiotique pour l'etude de ces relations applicable au disocurs scientifique en particulier. Apres avoir analyse les signes et leurs relations dans les modalites de perception, de parole et de gestuelle, l'A. se penche en effet sur les situations dans lesquelles le locuteur fait face a une decouverte ou un nouveau phenomene scientifique. Il propose alors une semiotique permettant de comprendre l'evolution de ce processus en s'appuyant sur un exemple concret releve dans une classe de sciences.
Optimal crowd evacuation

This paper deals with the optimal allocation of routes, destination, and departure times to members of a crowd, for instance in case of an evacuation or another hazardous situation in which the people need to leave the area as quickly as possible. The generic approach minimizes the evacuation times, considering the demand dependent waiting times at bottlenecks within the considered infrastructure. We present the mathematical optimization problem for both the optimal instructions, and the continuum model describing the pedestrian flow dynamics. The key contribution of the approach is that it solves the evacuation problem considering the entire solution space in a continuous manner (i.e. both the time dimension and the routing), implying that for each location and for each time instant the optimal path towards the most favorable exit is calculated, taking into consideration the traffic flow operations along the routes. The approach is generic in the sense that different network loading models can be used, and that a variety of components can be added to the optimization objective without loss of generality. Next to presenting the framework and the mathematical model, we propose an iterative numerical solver to compute the optimal instructions. We demonstrate the abilities and opportunities of this optimization framework with two case studies.
Altitude dependence of middle and low-latitude daytime thermospheric disturbance winds measured by WINDII

[1] Thermospheric neutral winds exhibit strong altitudinal and latitudinal variation during geomagnetically quiet and active times. We use daytime middle and low-latitude neutral winds measured by the Wind Imaging Interferometer (WINDII) instrument on board the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) over the 90–275 km height range to study the altitude and season dependent climatology of disturbance winds (i.e., with quiet time patterns removed) in magnetic coordinates. The daytime perturbations winds are generally equatorward and westward and decrease toward the magnetic equator. Both the zonal and meridional components decrease sharply below 120 km and are essentially insignificant below 100 km. The seasonal dependence of the disturbance winds is strongest in the early morning sector. The zonal disturbance winds are predominantly westward with largest magnitudes near 150 km at late afternoon upper midlatitudes (magnetic latitudes 50°–60°) and near 120 km in the early morning winter between 25° and 45°. At upper midlatitudes in the early morning sector, the zonal perturbation winds are eastward above ∼120 km in the summer hemisphere and between ∼120 and 180 km in the winter hemisphere. Eastward perturbations are also observed near the magnetic equator with largest values near noon at 250 km. The meridional perturbation winds are mostly equatorward and nearly height-independent above ∼150 km, with the largest magnitudes occurring in the early morning winter hemisphere. In the late afternoon sector the upper midlatitude meridional disturbance winds are poleward, and there is a small winter-to-summer flow at lower latitudes. In general, the storm-time dependence of the disturbance winds is quite complex. The perturbation winds begin to develop after 0–9 hours and tend to saturate 12–24 hours after storm onset. The development does not change much with altitude, and the seasonal dependence is generally important only at storm times greater than 6–12 hours.