Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leea macrophylla Roxb. leaf extract potentially helps normalize islet of β‐cells damaged in STZ‐induced albino rats

Abstract This research aims to investigate the protective effects Leea macrophylla Roxb polyphenols on streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. Polyphenolic assays were undertaken through established methods. To conduct animal intervention study, forty Wistar albino male rats (average body weight 188.42 ± 7.13 g) of different groups were diabetized by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) only in the animals of diabetic control (DC) and L. macrophylla extract (LM) groups. At the end of 4 weeks of intervention, serum was analyzed for insulin, liver and cardiac enzymes, lipid profiles, uric acid, and creatinine using ELISA method. In vitro α‐amylase inhibition of LM was evaluated and compared with reference drug acarbose. Pancreatic tissues were undertaken for histopathological screening. Food and fluid intake, weekly blood glucose level, liver glycogen, aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine kinase (CK‐MB), cholesterol, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly decreased, whereas oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) ability, serum insulin concentration, and pancreatic islets morphology were significantly improved in the LM300 treatment group compared to the DC group. Alpha‐amylase inhibition was not found to be very promising for guiding the α‐amylase inhibition pathway. Results suggest that L. macrophylla can exert a potential effort to restore pancreatic β‐cell damaged by streptozotocin induction.
Improving antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of colla corii asini hydrolysates using ginkgo biloba extracts

Abstract Colla corii asini hydrolysates (ACCH) and ginkgo biloba extracts (EGb) possess more potent antioxidant effects when used in combination than when used alone. The mixture of ACCH and EGb at a dose ratio of 20:4(w:w) showed the highest radical scavenging activity with IC 50 of 0.17 ± 0.01, 0.43 ± 0.02 and 1.52 ± 0.07 mg/ml against DPPH, ABTS and HO · free radicals, respectively. Furthermore, the inhibition of breast cancer cells MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 proliferation increased when these cell lines were treated with a combination of ACCH and EGb for 72 hr, with IC 50 of 4.32 ± 0.12 mg/ml and 0.39 ± 0.01 mg/ml, respectively. The findings indicated that the mixtures of ACCH and EGb could be used to prevent and treat some diseases caused by the excessive free radicals, especially cancer. Therefore, the mixtures of ACCH and EGb might serve as a natural source of desirable antioxidant and anticancer agents for the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
Effect of sweet potato endogenous amylase activation on in vivo energy bioavailability and acceptability of soy‐enriched orange‐fleshed sweet potato complementary porridges

Abstract Energy bioavailability can be influenced by food matrix factors and processing conditions or treatments. In this study, the effects of endogenous sweet potato amylase enzyme activation and slurry solids content of soy‐enriched orange‐fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) porridges on in vivo energy bioavailability (energy, weight gain, and feed efficiency ratio) and porridge acceptability were determined. Fifty‐six weanling albino rats were randomly assigned to two blocks each having eight groups of seven rats. The rats were housed in individual cages in a well‐ventilated animal house. The intervention block had rats fed on activated porridges (held at 75°C for 15 min), while rats in the control block were fed on nonactivated porridges (boiled at 90–95°C for 10 min). The rats were fed for 28 days on 50 ml of porridge per rat per day. The four groups per block were each fed on porridges with varying amounts of total solids content (10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%). Weight gain, energy bioavailability, and feed efficiency ratio were determined at the end of the feeding period. Consumer acceptability of activated and nonactivated porridges at 25% solids content was determined using a nontrained human panel (n = 40). Activation of amylases did not significantly (p > .05) affect the bioavailable energy, cumulative weight gain, and feed efficiency of the rats. Increasing slurry solids content of activated and nonactivated porridges significantly (p < .05) increased feed efficiency ratio (−14.6 ± 11.7 to 102.3 ± 2.3), weight gain (−1.4 to 5.6 g ± 1.9 g), and bioavailable energy (702.8 ± 16.2 to 1242.8 ± 12.2 kcal). Activation of amylases reduced porridge viscosity but did not significantly influence the overall acceptability. This work demonstrates the opportunity of utilizing sweet potato amylases to facilitate the preparation of complementary porridges with appropriate viscosity and increased energy density.
Stop the Stigma! Eliminating Implicit and Explicit Bias Toward Adult Obese Women Receiving Gynecological Care: A Quality Improvement Project to Cultivate Empathy and Increase Knowledge of Best Practices

Background: Increased weight carries significant health risks, yet obese individuals face stigma, implicit and explicit bias by health care providers that affects quality of care and increases health care avoidance. Obese women may delay or avoid gynecological care due to fear of stigma, inadequate equipment and embarrassment about their weight. Review of Literature: In the United States, 70.7% of adults, almost three quarters of the adult population are overweight or obese. Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to improve the quality of care and empathy toward obese women by health care providers in an OB/GYN practice through education about the experiences of obese women who receive healthcare and provision of resources within OB/GYN practices. Methods: A quality improvement project with an educational design was implemented using a Plan, Do, Check, Act framework. The plan was implemented at an OB/GYN practice in Western Massachusetts using a team approach consisting of the DNP student, providers and staff. The Thin-Fat Implicit Bias Test and Anti-Fat Attitudes test were administered pre-and post-educational program to assess change in provider bias toward obese women. Results: A decrease in explicit bias was shown both immediately and 3 months after the intervention. There was minimal decrease and some increase in implicit bias after the intervention which may be related to confounding factors such as increased familiarity with the testing procedure. At 3 months some participants were avoidant at follow-up suggesting possible shame, embarrassment, or deeper feelings which merit future exploration. Conclusions: Continued education and awareness is needed to sustain and decrease stigma toward obese women in the health care setting.
Recommending Frequently Encountered Bugs

Developers introduce bugs during software development which reduce software reliability. Many of these bugs are commonly occurring and have been experienced by many other developers. Informing developers, especially novice ones, about commonly occurring bugs in a domain of interest (e.g., Java), can help developers comprehend program and avoid similar bugs in the future. Unfortunately, information about commonly occurring bugs are not readily available. To address this need, we propose a novel approach named RFEB which recommends frequently encountered bugs (FEBugs) that may affect many other developers. RFEB analyzes Stack Overflow which is the largest software engineering-specific Q&A communities. Among the plenty of questions posted in Stack Overflow, many of them provide the descriptions and solutions of different kinds of bugs. Unfortunately, the search engine that comes with Stack Overflow is not able to identify FEBugs well. To address the limitation of the search engine of Stack Overflow, we propose RFEB which is an integrated and iterative approach that considers both relevance and popularity of Stack Overflow questions to identify FEBugs. To evalu- ate the performance of RFEB, we perform experiments on a dataset from Stack Overflow which contains more than ten million posts. We compared our model with Stack Overflow's search engine on 10 domains, and the experiment results show that RFEB achieves the average NDCG10score of 0.96, which improves Stack Overflow's search engine by 20%.
A laboratory study of the effects of shelter availability and invasive crayfish on the growth of native stream fish

SUMMARY 1. The alteration of stream habitats by urbanisation reduces the availability of shelter. Reduced shelter availability may increase both predation risks and metabolic costs, negatively affecting the growth performance of stream fish. Although urbanised streams often allow the establishment of invasive species, the additive or interactive effects of shelter availability and invasive species are rarely explored. The invasive red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is a strong shelter competitor and predator in streams. 2. We conducted a stream-channel experiment to investigate how shelter availability and this invasive crayfish species affect the growth performance (measured as the loss in body mass under starved conditions) of two native benthic species, Japanese crucian carp (Carassius auratus complex) and an endangered cobitid fish (Lefua echigonia). 3. We found that both the absence of shelter and the presence of crayfish increased body mass loss in the crucian carp. However, the growth performance of the crucian carp was improved by the presence of shelter except in the presence of crayfish, in which case the shelter available did not ameliorate the negative effect of the crayfish on growth performance (i.e. an interactive effect). This result suggests that crayfish may affect the growth performance of the crucian carp through chemical cues as well as through shelter occupancy. 4. In contrast, shelter availability is the primary factor affecting the body mass loss of the cobitid fish. However, the growth performance of these fish was unaffected by the presence of crayfish. The change in the growth performance of the cobitid fish in response to the absence of shelter was greater than that of the crucian carp. This finding suggests that the cobitid fish may be more vulnerable than the crucian carp to a reduction in shelter availability. 5. Our study demonstrates that reduced shelter availability and ⁄ or crayfish invasion can have significant, indirect negative effects on the growth performance of native fish, but whether those effects are interactive might vary depending on the species. Our findings have clear implications for stream restoration and habitat assessment.
Shelf‐life enhancement of whole rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) treated with Reshgak ice coverage

Abstract The effect of ice coverage comprised of Reshgak extract and Reshgak essential oil on shelf‐life extension of chilled whole rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was evaluated. Chemical (peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acids (TBA), total volatile nitrogen base (TVB‐N), and free fatty acids (FFA)), microbiological (total viable count (TVC) and psychrotrophic viable count (PVC)), and sensory evaluations (texture, color, flavor, and general acceptance) were investigated every 4 days during a 20‐day storage period. Results revealed that the effect of both icing systems led to considerably lower bacterial counts and chemical indices in comparison with the traditional ice coverage without such phytogenic. According to sensory analyses, fish stored in ice containing Reshgak essential oil had a longer shelf‐life (>16 days) and those stored in ice medium included with Reshgak extract possessed a shelf‐life of 16 days, whereas lot stored in traditional ice showed a shorter shelf‐life of 12 days.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis – current perspectives

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. It usually occurs 7–10 years after measles infection. The clinical course is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and behavior changes followed by focal or generalized seizures as well as myoclonus, ataxia, visual disturbance, and later vegetative state, eventually leading to death. It is diagnosed on the basis of Dyken’s criteria. There is no known cure for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis to date, but it is preventable by ensuring that an effective vaccine program for measles is made compulsory for all children younger than 5 years in endemic countries.
GENETIC ALGORITHM APPLICATION IN ECONOMIC LOAD DISTRIBUTION

In this paper we try to present Genetic Algorithm and how to use it for solving Economic Dispatch problem. In the first section, we present on what basis does it work, and why Genetic Algorithm (GA) is useful and what problems can be solved by it. In the second section, we present theory of GA like representation of design variables, representation of objective function and constraints, genetic operators, and in third section we review the GA steps for solving problem, and in fourth section we present classic Economic Dispatch by Genetic Algorithm and how to use it for solving ED problems, like present of constraints and variables. In fifth section we use MATLAB programing tool for write a simple program for solving a simple problem of ED that written program presented in paper attachment. In sixth section we compare results of GA and Lagrangian method for compare GA performance. To end we have conclusion of this paper.
People Counting and Tracking for Surveillance

The computer vision community has expended a great amount of effort in recent years towards the goal of tracking people in videos. Much more recently, algorithms have been developed to track multiple people in videos robustly and in real-time. The goal of this project is to implement a system based on one of those algorithms, in order to count and track the people in a database of surveillance footage. Due to several constraints and performance issues, however, a more straightforward algorithm based on background subtraction is implemented and shows acceptable performance levels. Further improvements are considered to improve the performance, including implementations of algorithms such as BraMBLe [3].
The Effect of Orthodontic Intervention on Mental Health and Body Image

AIM: Physical health especially oral and dental health can play a leading role in individuals’ mental health status. Therefore, determining the relationship between orthodontics, mental health, and body image can provide solutions for the development of treatment services and provision of greater accessibility of communities to them. METHODS: The present study was natural experimental research conducted to determine the relationship between orthodontic treatment, mental health, and body image. To conduct this research, individuals referring to orthodontic clinics in the city of Kermanshah and meeting the inclusion criteria in the study were selected using convenience sampling method and then they were assessed before and after undergoing orthodontics via the standardised Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). RESULTS: The mean scores of mental health problems in the study participants reduced and such a difference calculated by Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a 95% confidence level was significant (P = 0.001). Moreover, all the subscales of GHQ in the study participants showed a significant decrease after orthodontics compared to the stage before that (P < 0.05). The mean score of MBSRQ before orthodontics was equal to 171.78 and this value reached 172.51 after that, indicating individuals’ increased scores and their high levels of satisfaction with their body image. Nevertheless, the given difference was trivial, and it was not statistically significant (P = 0.751). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study showed that orthodontic treatment could significantly increase mental health status in the clients and also improve multidimensional attitudes towards body image.
Moral divisions within countries between orthodoxy and progressivism : India and the United States : Religion in global perspective

Recently, scholars have argued that divisions have emerged within many countries between tendencies toward orthodoxy or fundamentalism on the one hand, and progressivism or modernism on the other hand. In the present study, interviews assessing moral evaluation and reasoning were carried out with individuals in India and the United States who might be expected to tend toward orthodoxy and progressivism (N = 80, ages 35-55). In both countries, progressivists reasoned more in terms of Shweder's (1990) Ethic of Autonomy than orthodox participants, whereas orthodox participants reasoned more in terms of the Ethic of Divinity than progressivists. However, cross-cultural differences were also found. Progressivist Americans more than progressivist Indians tended toward hyperindividualism.
Cognitive and Behavioural Predictors of Alzheimer's Disease Progression

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be thought of as divided into pre- and post-diagnostic phases. There is evidence that cognitive and behavioural traits influence the risk of AD diagnosis. Following diagnosis, it may be difficult to tangle the causal direction between cognitive and behavioural measures as predictors or manifestations of AD progress, though people with higher lifetime cognitive trait scores appear to be protected somewhat against worsening cognitive scores and behavioural changes. The pre-diagnostic phase can be considered as a state where AD neuropathology is progressing without manifestations of this and a prodromal phase where, typically, episodic memory is impaired. Far fewer data exist that inform about the effects of cognitive or behavioural predictors during this phase, though those from large brain tissue bank collaborations indicate that education, a correlate of cognitive function, does not influence the extent of neuropathology.
Methodological Difficulties of Conducting Agroecological Studies from a Statistical Perspective

Statistical methods for analyzing agroecological data might not be able to help agroecologists to solve all of the current problems concerning crop and animal husbandry, but such methods could well help them assess, tackle, and resolve several agroecological issues in a more reliable and accurate manner. Therefore, our goal in this article is to discuss the importance of statistical tools for alternative agronomic approaches, because alternative approaches, such as organic farming, should not only be promoted by encouraging farmers to deploy agroecological techniques, but also by providing agroecologists with robust analyses based on rigorous statistical procedures.
High-pressure phase transitions in Ca-Mn carbonates ( Ca , Mn ) CO 3 studied by Raman spectroscopy

The influence of Mn content on the stability of the high-pressure CaCO3 phases CaCO3-I, CaCO3II, and CaCO3-III at 300 K has been investigated up to 40 mol% MnCO3 using Raman spectroscopy recorded in situ with a diamond-anvil cell at pressures up to 14 GPa. Beyond about 5 mol% MnCO3, there is a progressive linear upward shift in the pressure of the CaCO3-I → CaCO3-II and CaCO3-II → CaCO3-III transitions, and expansion of the field of the CaCO3-II phase, with increase in MnCO3 content. The shifts in transition pressure are 0.19 GPa/mol% for I → II and 0.26 GPa/mol% for II → III over the 5 to 40 mol% MnCO3 composition interval, results fully consistent with elevation of transition pressure by the introduction of a smaller cation. However, minor and trace amounts of Mn appear to have a relatively insignificant influence on the pressure of these transitions.
1 Dynamics and Control of Multibody Systems

Over the past decade, physics-based simulation has become a key enabling technology for variety of applications. It has taken a front seat role in computer games, animation of virtual worlds and robotic simulation. New applications are still emerging and physics is becoming an integral part of many new technologies that might have been thought of not being directly related to physics. For example, physics has been recently used to explain and recover the motion of the subject from video (Vondrak et al., 2008). Unfortunately, despite the availability of various simulation packages, the level of expertise required to use physical simulation correctly is quite high. The goal of this chapter is thus to establish sufficiently strong grounds that would allow the reader to not only understand and use existing simulation packages properly but also to implement their own solutions if necessary. We choose to model world as a set of constrained rigid bodies as this is the most commonly used approximation to real world physics and such a model is able to deliver predictable high quality results in real time. To make sure bodies, affected by various forces, move as desired, a mechanism for controlling motion through the use of constraints is introduced. We then apply the approach to the problem of physics-based animation (control) of humanoid characters. We start with a review of unconstrained rigid body dynamics and introduce the basic concepts like body mass properties, state parameterization and equations of motion. The derivations will follow (Baraff et al., 1997) and (Erleben, 2002), using notation from (Baraff, 1996). For background information, we recommend reading (Eberly, 2003; Thornton et al., 2003; Bourg, 2002). We then move to Lagrangian constrained rigid body dynamics and show how constraints on body accelerations, velocities or positions can be modeled and incorporated into simpler unconstrained rigid body dynamics. Various kinds of constraints are discussed, including equality constraints (required for the implementation of “joint motors”), inequality constraints (used for the implementation of “joint angle limits”) and bounded equality constraints (used for implementation of motors capable of generating limited motor forces). We then reduce the problem of solving for constraint forces to the problem of solving linear complementarity problems. Finally, we show how this method can be used to enforce body non-penetration and implement a contact model, (Trinkle et al., 1997; Kawachi et al., 1997). Source: Motion Control, Book edited by: Federico Casolo, ISBN 978-953-7619-55-8, pp. 580, January 2010, INTECH, Croatia, downloaded from SCIYO.COM
Effect of low thermal pasteurization in combination with carvacrol on color, antioxidant capacity, phenolic and vitamin C contents of fruit juices

Abstract Mild thermal treatment in combination with natural antimicrobials has been described as an alternative to conventional pasteurization to ensure fruit juices safety. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been undertaken to evaluate what could be its effect on their color and nutritional value. This study therefore aimed at assessing how a low thermal pasteurization in combination with carvacrol could affect these parameters, with orange, pineapple, and watermelon juices as selected fruit juices. The experimental design used had levels ranging from 50 to 90°C, 0 to 60 μl/L, and 0 to 40 min for temperature, concentration of carvacrol supplemented, and treatment length, respectively. The only supplementation of fruit juices with carvacrol did not affect their color. In comparison with high thermal pasteurization (>70°C), a combined treatment at mild temperatures (50–70°C) better preserved their color, antioxidant capacity (AOC), and vitamin C content, and increased their total phenolic content (TPC). Globally, carvacrol supplementation had a positive impact on the TPC of thermally treated juices and increased the AOC of treated watermelon juice, which was the lowest of the three fruit juices. Mild heat treatment in combination with natural antimicrobials like carvacrol is therefore an alternative to limit the negative effects of conventional pasteurization on fruit juices quality.