Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dexmedetomidine versus ketamine in attenuating neuropathic pain through modulating STING/TBK pathway to modulate spinal ER-phagy in neuropathic pain model

Background: Our previous studies suggested that stimulator of interferon genes (STING) level was altered in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rats.Methods: In this study, we investigated that whether dexmedetomidine and ketamine provide antianxiety and anti-nociceptive effects via modulating spinal STING/TBK pathway to alter ER-phagy in SNL rats. We evaluated the analgesia and antianxiety effects of ketamine and dexmedetomidine in SNL rats. 2’3’-cGAMP (STING pathway agonist) was administrated to investigate whether enhanced spinal STING pathway could reverse dexmedetomidine or ketamine treatment effects in SNL rats respectively. Analgesia effects were measured with mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and antianxiety effect was measured with open field test (OFT). Proteins expression levels were evaluated by Western blotting. Distribution and cellular localization of STING pathway and ER stress were evaluated by confocal immunofluorescence.Results: SNL induced mechanical hypersensitivity and anxiety; STING pathway was involved in the modulation of ER stress and ER-phagy in SNL rats; Dexmedetomidine and ketamine provided analgesia and antianxiety effects in SNL rats; Dexmedetomidine and ketamine alleviated ER stress via inhibiting STING pathway to enhance ER-phagy in SNL rats.Conclusions: In all, both ketamine and dexmedetomidine provided antianxiety and anti-nociceptive effects through alleviating ER stress via inhibiting STING/TBK pathway to modulate spinal ER-phagy in SNL rats.
A Review of Advancement of Multi-Gate FET

The middle of the last century is particularly important to science and technology. It is during this time Bell labs invented the working of transistor and paved the way for all future innovations that is seen today – starting from transistor radio to ultra-powerful and sleek smart phones. All this development happened at a remarkably fast pace. The first IC in 1949 only held 5 transistor in it, while as of 2012, the typical IC chip measures about 10-400 square millimeter, with up to 9 million transistor/mm2. To make things even better VLSI is being replaced with Ultra-light Scale Integrations (ULSI), Wafer Scale Integration (WSI), System-on-a-chip (SoC) and 3- diemensional Integrated Circuits (3D-IC). Unlike a normal IC we are familiar with, a 3D-IC would have several layers of electronic components integrated both vertically and horizontally extending Moore’s law to a new limit.
Electrifying urban Africa: energy access, city-making and globalisation in Nigeria and Benin

Electricity access has become a crucial issue in global South cities. While demand is growing, conventional grids are failing or insufficient, especially in Africa. Urban dwellers therefore have to develop a wide range of (in)formal infrastructures to meet their daily electricity needs. Building on recent studies on urban electricity in the global South, this paper aims to contribute to the debates on hybrid forms of electricity provision by analysing the diffusion of solar panels and generators in two cities, Ibadan in Nigeria and Cotonou in Benin. Although neighbouring and relatively similar, these two cities illustrate distinct daily electrical lives. In Nigeria, an electricity-exporting country, people face daily power outages. In Benin, a country that depends on Nigeria for its supply, there is electricity but it is difficult to connect to the grid because of connection costs. Based on an empirical study, the article shows that Ibadan’s inhabitants use generators as a complement to a conventional grid that is almost universal but unreliable. In Cotonou, solar energy is an alternative until they can connect to the grid. Generators and solar panels have become the material markers of urban Africa, providing information on inequalities in access to electricity.
The unbalance of adiponectin oligomers, RvE1 and chemerin levels are associate with increase of adiposopathy status and insulin resistance in obesity

Objective: The aim was to establish if the balance adiponectin-oligomers, resolvin-E1 and chemerin levels could contribute to the insulin resistance (IR) setting of subjects with obesity, based on their serum levels and its relationship with inflammatory markers, metabolic profile and adiposopathy status. Methods: This study included 230 individuals, classified according to World Health Organization criteria by body mass index (BMI) kg/m2 in two groups: withoutobesity (from 18.5 to 29.9) and with-obesity (from 30.0 to 39.9). Body fat mass distribution, metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured by anthropometric, enzymatic and immuno-turbidimetry methods, respectively. Serum insulin, resolvin-E1, chemerin, and adiponectin-oligomers were evaluating by ELISA method. Analysis performed were correlations IR-indexes with adiposity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the adiponectin-oligomers, resolvin-E1 and chemerin tertiles. Results: Subjects’ with-obesity showed adiposopathy status, characterized by metabolic dysregulation and a subclinical inflammatory profile. They presented higher levels (x ±SD, ng/mL) of resolvin-E1 (1227 ±668 versus 909 ±769, P= 0.017), chemerin (91 ±31 versus 79 ±23, P= 0.013) and LMW-Adiponectin (2257 ±797 versus 1030 ±1055, P= 0.011), whereas HMW-Adiponectin was lower (2470 ±1095 versus 3236 ±1848, P= 0.010), compared to the without-obesity individuals. Individuals’ with-obesity also displayed positive correlation of IR markers (rho from 0.163 to 0.479) along body fat measurements, metabolic and inflammation profiles. Moreover, a negative correlation of HMW-Adiponectin (rho from –0.564 to –0.214) with body fat measurements, metabolic and inflammation profiles. IR-indexes, LMWAdiponectin and resolvin-E1/chemerin relationship showed differences between groups’ with-obesity and without-obesity, but not with gender. ROC curves shown potential ability of the LMW-Adiponectin levels to differentiate IR from non-IR individuals, with AUC of 0.815, P<0.0001 (95%, CI: 0.726-0.903). Conclusion: The present study shown that LMW-Adiponectin-resolvinE1-chemerin serum unbalance establishes a specific relationship with adiposopathy in individuals with obesity, which could be a way to identify risk factors in early stages of IR.
Creating Green Chemistry: Discursive Strategies of a Scientific Movement

Creating Green Chemistry: Discursive Strategies of a Scientific Movement Jody A. Roberts In this dissertation, I examine the evolution of the green chemistry movement from its inception in the early 1990s to the present day. I focus my study on the discursive strategies employed by leaders of the movement to establish green chemistry and to develop and institute changes in the practice of the chemical sciences. The study looks specifically at three different strategies. The first is the construction of a historical narrative. This history comes from the intersection of the chemical sciences with environmentalism in the United States retold to place chemistry in a central position for understanding global environmental health issues and green chemistry as the natural response to these problems. The second involves the attempts made to develop a concrete definition for green chemistry as well as a set of guiding principles for the practice of this alternative form of chemistry. The establishment of the definition and the principles, I argue, constitutes an important move in constituting the field as a very specific interdisciplinary group with a forged identity and the beginnings of a system for determining what properly ‘counts’ as green chemistry. The third comes from the intersection of this history within the defining principles of the movement intersect to create a specific set of green chemistry practices, and how these practices manifest themselves in conference and pedagogical settings. Finally, I offer an overview of where the movement currently stands, offering a critical perspective on the future potential of the field. I argue that recent episodes indicate that the movement has not succeeded in accomplishing what it set out to do, and will continue to encounter problems unless a refashioning of the movement takes place. To offer perspective on green chemistry as a movement, I examine it through the lens of other (e.g., Frickel and Gross 2005) attempts to explore scientific movements as a special class of social movements. Creating Green Chemistry Table of
Analysis of voltage stabilizers and non-contact relays in power supply systems

The article discusses the results of comparison and analysis of voltage stabilizing devices and contactless relays in the power supply system. Based on the analysis, the time variation of the voltage in the capacitive circuit is shown. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the determination of the actual value of the capacitive voltage by controlling the thyristor of the “charge-discharge” process of the capacitance makes it possible to determine the time delay of the contactless switching device when the capacitor reaches the saturation point.
Technetium Removal Using Tc-Goethite Coprecipitation

This report describes the results from laboratory tests performed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) EM-31 Support Program (EMSP) subtask, “Low temperature waste forms coupled with technetium removal using an alternative immobilization process such as Fe(II) treated-goethite precipitation” to increase our understanding of 99Tc long-term stability in goethite mineral form and the process that controls the 99Tc(VII) reduction and removal by the final Fe (oxy)hydroxide forms. The overall objectives of this task were to 1) evaluate the transformation process of Fe (oxy)hydroxide solids to the more crystalline goethite (α-FeOOH) mineral for 99Tc removal and 2) determine the mechanism that limits 99Tc(IV) reoxidation in Fe(II)-treated 99Tc-goethite mineral and 3) evaluate whether there is a long-term 99Tcoxidation state change for Tc sequestered in the iron solids.
Photochemical reactivity and sources of individual VOCS in Mexico City

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a very important role in the photochemical production of atmospheric ozone. To developing cost-effective strategies aimed reducing ozone levels, the CMB model has been used to estimate the source contribution to the presence of total VOCs. Nevertheless, the photochemical importance and the origin of VOCs are not the same for all of them. In this paper, the relative contribution of VOCs to photochemical formation of ozone was examined in three sites of the Mexico City by ranking the VOCs according to their average concentration and the maximum incremental reactivity coefficients of each species. The most important compounds in the ozone formation in order of decreasing importance were: meta/para xylene, ethylene, toluene, 3methyl1butene, isopentane, 124 trimethylbenzene, propene, orthoxylene, toluene, nbutane, propane, 135 trimethylbenzene, and 1 butene. On the other hand, an assessment of the contribution of different sources to the observed concentration of the most abundant individual VOC was made by the application of the CMB model. Exhaust of gasoline and diesel powered vehicles were the most important sources to acetylene, ethylene, pentanes, nhexane, toluene and xylenes, although evaporative gasoline emissions contributed with more of 20% of npentane and isopentane. The major contributor to propane, nbutane and isobutane was the handling and distribution of LP gas. Food cooking contributed also to the presence of acetylene, ethylene, propane and butanes. Painting operations were emitters of toluene and nhexane. The results also showed that asphalting operation was an important source of xylenes and toluene.
Language policy and multilingual practices in the family

Siddhajyoti Interdisciplinary Journal, Volume 1 Abstract This paper discusses on how language policy, language ideologies, parental language planning and children’s role in the shaping of family language practices are associated in the multilingual practice context. The objective of this study was to explore the language policies focus on heritage language maintenance by negotiating and instantiating in parents-children interactions and contribution of children’s language practices to shape the family multilingualism in the process of socialization. I have used qualitative research design to collect the data in this study. Three participants from different language background were selected. The research participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview technique to collect the data. The study concluded that family members’ contribution to the shaping of family language practices and policies in daily life interactions is the most important and language ideologies play a vital role in language policy and language acquisition in the family of multilingual practice.
Using historic soil survey data to map water erosion hazard for land-use planning in Nova Scotia

Keys, K. , Sterling, S. M. and Guan, Y. 2015. Using historic soil survey data to map water erosion hazard for land-use planning in Nova Scotia. Can. J. Soil Sci. 95: 299-304. A fine-scale digital soil map layer for Nova Scotia was combined with historic soil survey information and digital elevation (DEM) data to generate a new water erosion hazard map based on inherent soil erodibility and slope class. Results showed approximately 62% of Nova Scotia has low erosion hazard, 33% has moderate hazard, and 5% has high hazard. The erosion hazard map was subsequently used in a provincial watershed assessment program (NSWAP) to map potential water quality stressors related to land-use patterns on erodible soils. This work is an example of how historic soil survey data can be utilized to create new information for land-use planning and environmental assessment.
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: functional properties in lung cancer cell lines and response to tobacco-specific nitrosamines

Di Resta C, Ambrosi P, Curia G, Becchetti A (2010) Effect of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine on wild-type and mutant neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors linked to nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. European Journal of Pharmacology 1(643) p. 13-20
L’engagement dans les soins en collaboration en santé mentale jeunesse pour les familles migrantes : des lieux cliniques ancrés dans leurs contextes institutionnel et sociopolitique

Objectifs Cet article vise a combler certaines lacunes dans la litterature concernant les conditions propices a des soins en collaboration de qualite en sante mentale jeunesse (SMJ) pour les jeunes migrants et leurs familles, dans les services de premiere ligne. Il examine les facteurs susceptibles de favoriser l’engagement des familles migrantes dans les services, en tenant compte des dimensions liees a la rencontre clinique, aux enjeux systemiques et aux questions institutionnelles/sociopolitiques.Methode Utilisant un devis multiphase en methodes mixtes, l’article presente sequentiellement les resultats qualitatifs et quantitatifs specifiques aux familles migrantes, d’un vaste programme de recherche sur les soins en collaboration en SMJ dans des quartiers culturellement et socioeconomiquement diversifies. Ces resultats proviennent de donnees collectees a Montreal au cours de la derniere decennie par le biais de questionnaires, d’entrevues semi-structurees, de groupes de discussion, d’observation participante et de documentation. Les participants a la recherche etaient des enfants, des adolescents et des parents de familles migrantes, des cliniciens et des gestionnaires.Resultats Les resultats suggerent que le macrosysteme sociopolitique et institutionnel structure l’espace de la clinique et influence le processus de soins. En particulier, les reformes successives du systeme de sante posent des defis de taille aux institutions et aux equipes en SMJ quant a leur capacite a creer un environnement favorable a la continuite des soins et au partenariat interinstitutionnel et a la collaboration interprofessionnelle, des facteurs associes a l’engagement des familles dans les soins. Cet engagement est egalement tributaire des representations que les familles migrantes se font de la sante mentale et des services. Ces representations sont faconnees par leur experience des soins, mais aussi par ce que leur environnement socioculturel et les discours publics leur permettent d’imaginer de ces services. Cela invite a considerer une integration de dimensions culturelles et sociopolitiques dans le concept d’engagement. Enfin, les resultats suggerent egalement que les ecoles jouent un role important pour favoriser l’engagement dans les soins de sante mentale.Conclusion La qualite des soins de sante mentale pour les enfants et adolescents migrants depend de l’engagement des familles dans les services, et aussi de l’engagement reciproque des cliniciens et des institutions. Les contextes politiques ou des tensions entre les groupes majoritaires et minoritaires sont presentes peuvent egalement faire obstacle aux soins. Etant donne que les familles migrantes s’engagent moins dans les services par rapport aux familles non migrantes, ces considerations appellent a un examen important des moyens pour faciliter l’engagement des familles migrantes dans les soins en collaboration en SMJ. L’article propose certaines avenues pour favoriser cet engagement.
In Sacco and In Vitro Organic Matter Degradability (OMD) Of Selected Semi Arid Browse Forages

Organic matter degradation of Acacia nilotica, Acacia sieberiana, Annana senegalensis, Balanites aegyptiaca, Cassia sieberiana, Combretum leati, Faidhebia albida, Maerua angolensis, Prosopis africana and Vitex doniana using two different techniques: (i) the in sacco nylon bag degradation and in vitro gas production techniques. Samples were incubated in sacco and in vitro for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. In sacco and in vitro OM degradation kinetics were described using the equation Y=a+b(1-e -ct ). The dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were relatively high ranging from 934.00 to 984.60 g Kg -1 DM and 122.50 to 174.80 g Kg -1 DM in Cassia sieberiana and Acacis nilotica had the highest value (216.60 and 910.30 g Kg -1 DM for as and organic matter (OM) The highest value for neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) was observed in Vitex doniana. The acid detergent fibre was generally high ranging from 86.40 to 144.70 g Kg -1 DM. The OM disappearance increases with increasing incubation time in all the browse forages ranging from 28.56 in Balanites aegyptiaca at 24 h to 76.53 in Combretum leati at 96 h. The OM degradation constant (a, b, a+b, lag T and ED) were all significantly different (P<0.05) except 'c' values. The cumulative gas production was generally low for all the browse forages Acacia sieberiana and Cassia sieberiana having the lowest (9.66 ml/200 mg DM) and Vitex doniana having the highest value (22.66 ml/200 mg DM) at 96 h incubation. In vitro gas production constant showed significant difference (P<0.05) except for rate of constant 'c'. It was concluded that in sacco OM disappearance parameters of browse forages such as the samples used in this study may be predicted from in vitro gas production parameters.
Data Analysis of Online Shopping Platform during the Epidemic of Coronavirus Disease

Data analysis of online shopping platform, and with the development of online platform, more and more consumers will choose this convenient way of online shopping. This paper uses Spider’s time-based model to mine the rating data of Amazon online shopping platform, establishes a neural network model, analyses the connection relationship of each rating index, carries out descriptive statistical analysis on each index, obtains the correlation results between the impact indicators, and carries out fuzzy evaluation, analysis the impact of each evaluation index on the product, and finally combines the product's The relationship between sales situation and rating provides reliable product sales design mode for Amazon, and gives some sales suggestions, so as to enhance the product's desirability.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ARCHAEOMETRIC OBSERVATIONS ON INHABITATION OF THE HOYUK SETTLEMENT IN THE MIDDLE AND LATE BRONZE AGES

Höyük Settlement is located within the boundary of Çal district of Denizli Province. It was strategically located on a natural passage and an important centre surrounded by walls during the 2 nd millennium BC. Surveys conducted in the Upper Menderes Basin have revealed that the mountainous and plateau areas are at least as densely settled as in lowland sections and these areas have significant importance in archaeological point of view. An intensive archaeological survey was conducted in order to find answers on Höyük settlements. Therefore, The Middle and Late Bronze Age ceramics which were found in the settlement area were evaluated from archaeological and archaeometric perspective. These ceramics were characterized by using typological evaluations, optical microscopy and X-Ray Fluorescence analyses (XRF). Analogical evaluations shown that the settlement’s interregional relations reach from Central Anatolian to the West Anatolian shores, but the local features known from Beycesultan are prominent. Archaeometric analyses revealed that the Middle and Late Bronze Age ceramics contain metamorphic rock fragments and very abundant carbonate. Small and fine quartz grains, a small amount of pyroxene and plagioclase minerals and abundant carbonate are observed in these samples. The results obtained from the intensive survey supported the idea that the importance of the settlements in the mountainous and plateau areas increased after the decline seen in the region in 16 th century BC.
Missing shots: has the possibility of shooting wolves been lacking for 20 years in France

Wolves were exterminated in France in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Therefore, livestock breeders and herders were unprepared when wolves arrived from Italy in 1993, the year after France committed to the European Union (EU) to protect wolves. Today, ~580 wolves, whose numbers are growing exponentially, are present in over one-third of France. During the last 10 years, livestock deaths from wolves have grown linearly from 3215 in 2009 to 12451 in 2019, despite France implementing extensive damage protection measures since 2004, including reinforced human presence, livestock guard dogs, secured pasture fencing and electrified night pens. The failure to prevent damage is clear. Wolves enter mosaic landscapes where grazing livestock are abundant and easy prey. Wolves are intelligent and opportunistic. As a strictly protected species, it seems they no longer associate livestock with humans and humans with danger. Half of the successful attacks now occur during the day, notwithstanding the presence of dogs and humans. Considering the high costs of unsatisfactory protection, France recently modified its wolf management policy. In addition to non-lethal means of protection, breeders that have suffered several attacks by wolves are now permitted, by derogation to the law, to defensively shoot wolves. Based upon evidence from other countries, we suggest re-establishing a reciprocal relationship with wolves. Breeders and herders should be allowed to shoot wolves to defend their herds against wolf attacks, not after several successful predation events. Defence shooting would also upgrade the efficiency of non-lethal means, as warning signals for wolves to respect. Rather than passive coexistence, we need to embrace a dynamic and ever-evolving process of coadaptation between humans and wolves, relying on the adaptive capacities of both.