Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vaginal Cuff Infiltration with a Local Anesthetic for Postoperative Pain after Laparoscopic Hystertomy : A randomized control trial

Objectives: To assess the effect of local infiltration of anesthetic to the vaginal cuff on postoperative pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Methods: A single-center, randomized trial. Women assigned to laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomly divided into two groups. In the intervention group (n=41) the vaginal cuff was infiltrated with 10 ml of ropivacaine (7.5 mg/ml) at four points, in addition to trocar-site anesthesia. In the control group (n=40) only trocar incisions were infiltrated with local anesthetic. The primary outcomes were postoperative opioid (oxycodone) use and postoperative pain in Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes were emesis, bleeding, operative time, time to discharge and complications. Results: The number of patients with minimal pain i.e. VAS scores for pain below 3 was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (17 vs. 8, p=0.04). Otherwise, there were no significant differences between the groups in VAS scores for pain, the use of opioids or in any other variables. Conclusion: Injection of local anesthetic into the vaginal cuff along with trocar sites analgesia did not affect the use of oxycodone, but increased the number of women experiencing only minor pain after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Local anesthesia of the vaginal cuff was feasible and safe.
Interaction between air pollution and total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) on the managers and teacher's anxiety and memory in two polluted and less polluted areas of Tehran province

Maryam Tameh.DepartmentRamesh Allipour Birgani.Hamed Pouraram(PhD) 1of Community Nutrition. School of Nutritional Sciences &Dietetics. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 2PhD Student of food &Nutrition Policy. School of Nutritional Sciences &Dietetics. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 3-, Department of Community Nutrition. School of Nutritional Sciences &Dietetics. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abstract: Background: industrialization has increased air pollution in large cities. Due to the association between air pollution and memory impairment , anxiety and the effectiveness of antioxidants in improving these, it was suggested that a high level of antioxidants may have adverse effects of air pollution on brain function, memory, and anxiety. Objective: This study investigate the interaction between air pollution and total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) on the teacher's anxiety and memory in the two polluted and less polluted areas of Tehran. Methods: In cross-sectional study . Air Quality Index(IQA) assessed in 200 teachers from two polluted and less polluted areas of Tehran. It include 6 air pollutants substances(CO, SO2, NO2, O3, particulate matter (PM<2.2μm). particulate matter (PM<01μm) . the data from DTAC estimated by food frequency questionnaire(FFQ). Wechsler and Spielberger tests was used for memory and anxiety measurment, respectively. Results: A mean of anxiety and memory in two areas did not show statistically significant differences. Relationship between dietary TAC and air pollution in determining memory benefit and anxiety levels was non significant. Conclusions: there was no significant relationship between dietary TAC and air pollution in determining memory benefit and anxiety levels.
The Utility of Actigraphy to Measure Sleep in Chronic Pain Patients and Its Concordance with Other Sleep Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

There may be a bidirectional relationship between sleep and pain in patients with chronic pain. Actigraphy is increasingly being used as a non-invasive and objective method to assess sleep in chronic pain patients. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the utility of actigraphy in chronic pain patients. Additionally, meta-analyses were conducted to compare sleep parameters measured by actigraphy with those measured by sleep diary and polysomnography. Medline (1946-2019), Medline In-Process (May 2019), Embase (1947-2019), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1991-2019), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2005-2019), and PubMed-NOTMedline (1946-2019) were searched for studies using actigraphy to measure sleep in chronic pain patients. Using the random effects model, meta-analyses were conducted to examine the concordance of actigraphy versus sleep diary and actigraphy versus polysomnography for commonly measured sleep parameters. Thirty-four studies with 3,590 patients were included. As an adjunct to sleep diary, actigraphy detected improvements in various sleep parameters after interventions in 10 studies and provided a useful objective sleep metric when comparing pain patients with healthy subjects in four studies; however, diary measurements were more “sensitive”. Comparing sleep diary versus actigraphy, sleep onset latency was significantly lower with actigraphy (mean difference of 22.7 minutes lower; 95% confidence interval: 13.2 to 32.2 minutes lower; p<0.01). No sleep parameters were significantly different between polysomnography and actigraphy; however, the confidence intervals were large. Actigraphy is an objective assessment tool that is being increasingly utilized to measure sleep in chronic pain patients. Based on studies that have measured sleep with both sleep diary and actigraphy, there are intrinsic differences between the two assessment methods as actigraphy lacks the cognitive component of subjective measures. Even though no differences in sleep parameters were detected between actigraphy and polysomnography, it cannot be established that the two are equivalent objective measures because of the limited number of studies and large variability.
Sleep and Behavioral Disorders in School Age Children that were Born Preterm and with Very Low Birth Weight

Objective: To verify sleep characteristics in school age children that were born preterm and its association to behavioral disorders. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: former patients from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Patients: 25 children aged between 6 and 9 years, from low socioeconomic status, who were born premature and with birth weight < 1.500 g, matched to a control (full-term) group. Interventions: cognitive evaluation, sleep and behavior scales, actigraphy. Main outcome measures: By actigraphy and sleep diary (24 hours/3 nights), total sleep time (TST) (normal > 9 hours), sleep efficiency (SE) (normal > 90%), night awakenings (normal < 3 awakenings with 5 minutes duration) and sleep latency (normal < 30 minutes). In the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) a total score over 39 points was considered abnormal. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was indicative of behavioral disorders if scores were over 63. Results: Reduced TST and SE and increased night awakenings and sleep latency were observed in preterm (68%, 60%, 64%) and full-term (72%, 70%, 75%) children, respectively. SDSC and CBCL showed abnormal scores on preterm (88%, 64%) and full-term (76%, 56%). In preterm increased night awakenings were associated to abnormal CBCL score and in full-term abnormal SDSC score with altered CBCL. Actigraphy was more sensible to identify events than parents report. Conclusion: Our data did not show evidences that prematurity might impair sleep at school age, however growing in a disadvantageous environment seems to affect quality of sleep and behavioral disorders.
Leverage and Profitability of Quoted Health Care Firms in Nigeria

-Capital structure and its influence on profitability has been a major point of argument among researchers, since different research come up with divergent views to explain how relevant or irrelevant it is. This study looks at the effect of Leverage on profitability of Quoted Healthcare firms in Nigeria for a period of 10 years (2003-2012). The study employed panel data analysis by using Ordinary Least Square regression model. It was found out that leverage has a significant effect on profitability of quoted healthcare firms in Nigeria. The study concludes that leverage impact return on asset, return on investment and earnings per share negatively while it affect return on equity positively. It is recommended that management should balance the use of equity and debt in a way that will impact positively on firms value, we also added that Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should review and lower interest rate on bank loan so that healthcare firms can have access to cheaper capital to develop standard healthcare facilities, create more wealth and employment opportunities which in turn will affect the economy in a positive way.
Experimental studies on the psychology of property rights

Property rights determine who owns what. Trade is very difficult if it is unclear who owns what or if property rights are not enforced. For this reason, many scholars argue that property rights and their enforcement are essential to economic prosperity. A distinction can be made between a legal and psychological approach to property rights. A legal approach to property rights considers how the rules of property rights are codified in law while a psychological approach focuses on how humans tend to think about property rights intuitively. The two approaches seem to diverge if more unconventional goods are considered. This thesis consists of four studies that investigate how consumers perceive unconventional goods in different contexts. The aim of these four studies combined is to gain a better understanding of consumers’ perception of property rights, which not only furthers relevant theories but also provides practical recommendations to policy-makers and managers.
Performance Measurement, Expectancy and Agency Theory

Theoretical analyses of (optimal) performance measures are typically performed within the realm of the linear agency model. An important implication of this model is that, for a given compensation scheme, the agents optimal e¤ort choice is unrelated to the amount of noise in the performance measure. In contrast, expectancy theory as developed by psychologists predicts that e¤ort levels are increasing in the signal-to-noise ratio. We conduct a real e¤ort laboratory experiment to assess the relevance of this prediction in a setting where all key assumptions of the linear agency model are met. Moreover, our experimental design allows us to control expectancy exactly as in Vrooms (1964) original expectancy model. In this setting, we nd that e¤ort levels are invariant to changes in the distribution of the noise term, i.e. to expectancy. Our results thus con rm standard agency theory and reject this particular aspect of expectancy
FORMULATION AND IN- VITRO EVALUATION OF FAST-DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF FLUPIRTINE

Recent developments in fast-dissolving or disintegrating tablets have brought convenience in dosing to elderly and children who have trouble in swallowing tablets. The main objective of the present study was to prepare the orally disintegrating tablets of Flupirtine, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) using different superdisintegrants by direct compression method. Different concentrations (4%, 8%, and 10%) of super disintegrants such as Primogel, Kollidon Cl, and Lycoat were used in the formulation. Mannitol was used as a bulking agent and to enhance the mouth feel and taste. The formulated tablets were evaluated for pre-formulation and post-formulation parameters and they were found to be satisfactory and within the official limits. All the tablets shown hardness 3-4.5kg/cm 2 , friability of all the formulations was less than 1%, weight variation and drug content was found to be within official limits. Amongst all formulations, the optimized formulation F9 was prepared with Lycoat as a super disintegrant showed least disintegration time and faster dissolution.
Grandmothers Caring

The purpose of this grounded theory study was to understand the reasons for aboriginal grandmothers caring for their grandchildren on a full-time basis. Fifteen Haudenosaunee grandmothers who were from the six nations territory participated in the study. The results demonstrate that there was a complex process that led them to assuming the caregiving role. While they cared for their grandchildren due to a combination of factors, ultimately, they cared for them as a means of “protecting them from the state” and avoiding child welfare involvement due to the colonialism that is embedded within it. These women served vital matriarchal, leadership roles for healing in aboriginal families and communities.
Direct and interactive effects of peer support and resilience on psychosocial adjustment in emerging adults with early left-behind experiences

Background: Although abundant research documented the vulnerability of left-behind children in rural China, little is known about whether early left-behind experiences are linked to their positive psychosocial functioning in later life, as well as the potential protective factors for their psychosocial adjustment. Purpose: Informed by positive youth development framework and a positive adjustment framework in migrants, the current study compares psychosocial adjustment characterized by self-esteem and prosocial behavior between emerging adults with early left-behind experiences (LB-E) and their counterparts (Non-LB-E). Of importance, this study also examines the potential protective roles of social context (ie, peer support) and individual characteristic (ie, resilience) in psychosocial outcomes among Chinese emerging adults with and without early left-behind experiences. Methods: A propensity score matching was used to balance the two groups regarding age, gender, socioeconomic status, and potentially traumatic life events. Finally, a total of 182 emerging adults with early left-behind experiences and 182 their counterparts was involved in the current study, who were asked to complete self-report questionnaires. Results: The results showed that there were no signi ﬁ cant differences in self-esteem and prosocial behavior between the two groups. In addition, resilience was found to moderate the link between peer support and self-esteem. Speci ﬁ cally, in the context of higher levels of peer support, emerging adults with higher levels of resilience reported higher levels of self-esteem. Conclusion: The current study suggests that early left-behind experiences are not an adversity for emerging adults ’ positive psychosocial adjustment, and the protective roles of peer support and resilience are highlighted in Chinese emerging adults. Intervention or prevention programs may focus on the enhancement of resilience as well as the quality of peer relationships, shifting away from risk towards positive development models.
A Single-Objective Light-Sheet Microscope with 200 nm-Scale Resolution.

We present a single-objective light-sheet microscope, also known as an oblique-plane microscope, that uses a bespoke glass-tipped tertiary objective and improves the resolution, field of view, usability, and stability over previous variants. Owing to its high numerical aperture optics, this microscope achieves the highest lateral resolution in light-sheet fluorescence microscopy, and its axial resolution is similar to that of Lattice Light-Sheet Microscopy. Given this performance, we demonstrate high-resolution imaging of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, vimentin, the endoplasmic reticulum, membrane dynamics, and natural killer cell-mediated cell death. Furthermore, we image biological phenomena that would be otherwise challenging or impossible to perform in a traditional light-sheet microscope geometry, including cell migration through a confined space within a microfluidic device, photoactivation of PI3K, and diffusion of cytoplasmic rheological tracers at a volumetric rate of 14 Hz.
Breast cancer-associated skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation is reversed by PPARG

The peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) have been previously implicated in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle dysfunction in women with breast cancer (BC) and in animal models of BC. Here, we sought to describe the metabolic alterations induced in skeletal muscle by BC-derived factors in an in vitro conditioned media (CM) system and hypothesized that BC cells secrete a factor that represses PPAR-gamma (PPARG) expression and its transcriptional activity, leading to downregulation of PPARG target genes involved in mitochondrial function and other metabolic pathways. We found that BC-derived factors repress PPAR-mediated transcriptional activity without altering protein expression of PPARG. Further, we show that BC-derived factors induce significant alterations in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism, which are rescued with exogenous expression of PPARG. The PPARG agonist drug rosiglitazone was able to rescue BC-induced lipid accumulation, but did not rescue effects of BC-derived factors on PPAR-mediated transcription or mitochondrial function. These data suggest that BC-derived factors induce deficits in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function via different mechanisms that are both related to PPARG signaling, with mitochondrial dysfunction likely being altered via repression of PPAR-mediated transcription, and lipid accumulation being altered via transcription-independent functions of PPARG.
The Tetrameric Structure of Nucleotide-regulated Pyrophosphatase and Its Modulation by Deletion Mutagenesis and Ligand Binding

A quarter of prokaryotic Family II inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) contain a regulatory insert comprised of two cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domains and one DRTGG domain in addition to the two catalytic domains that form canonical Family II PPases. The CBS domain-containing PPases (CBS-PPases) are allosterically activated or inhibited by adenine nucleotides that cooperatively bind to the CBS domains. Here we use chemical cross-linking and analytical ultracentrifugation to show that CBS-PPases from Desulfitobacterium hafniense and four other bacterial species are active as 200–250-kDa homotetramers, which seems unprecedented among the four PPase families. The tetrameric structure is stabilized by Co2+, the essential cofactor, pyrophosphate, the substrate, and adenine nucleotides, including diadenosine tetraphosphate. The deletion variants of dhPPase containing only catalytic or regulatory domains are dimeric. Co2+ depletion by incubation with EDTA converts CBS-PPase into inactive tetrameric and dimeric forms. Dissociation of tetrameric CBS-PPase and its catalytic part by dilution renders them inactive. The structure of CBS-PPase tetramer was modelled from the structures of dimeric catalytic and regulatory parts. These findings signify the role of the unique oligomeric structure of CBS-PPase in its multifaced regulation.
Neural Signatures of Performance Feedback in the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT): An ERP Study

Due to its importance for successful human behavior, research into cognitive control functioning has gained increasing interest. The paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT) has been used to test and train this fundamental function. It is a challenging task, requiring a high cognitive load in a stressful and frustrating environment. Its underlying neural mechanisms, however, are still unclear. To explore the neural signatures of the PASAT and their link to ongoing cognitive processing, feedback locked event-related potentials were derived from healthy participants during an adaptive 2-back version of the PASAT. Larger neural activation after negative feedback was found for feedback related negativity (FRN), P300 and late positive potential (LPP). In early stages of feedback processing (FRN), a larger difference between positive and negative feedback responses was associated with poorer overall performance, whereas this association was inverted for the later stages (P300 and LPP). This indicates stage-dependent associations of neural activation after negative information and cognitive functioning. Conceivably, increased early responses to negative feedback signify distraction whereas higher activity at later stages reflect cognitive control processes to preserve ongoing performance.
Gexplora – user interface that highlights and explores the density of genomic elements along a chromosomal sequence

The density of genomic elements such as genes or transposable elements along its consecutive sequence can provide an overview of a genomic sequence while in the detailed analysis of candidate genes it may depict enriched chromosomal hotspots harbouring genes that explain a certain trait. The herein presented python-based graphical user interface Gexplora allows to obtain more information about a genome by considering sequence-intrinsic information from external databases such as Ensembl, OMA and STRING database using REST API calls to retrieve sequence-intrinsic information, protein-protein datasets and orthologous groups. Gexplora is available under https://github.com/nthomasCUBE/Gexplora.
Impaired expression of chloroplast HSP90C chaperone activates plant defense responses leading to a disease symptom-like phenotype

RNA-seq analysis of a transgenic tobacco plant, i-hpHSP90C, in which chloroplast HSP90C genes can be silenced in an artificially inducible manner resulting in the development of chlorosis, revealed the up- and down-regulation of 2746 and 3490 genes, respectively. Gene Ontology analysis of these differentially expressed genes indicated the upregulation of ROS-responsive genes, the activation of the innate immunity and cell death pathways, and the downregulation of genes involved in photosynthesis, plastid organization, and cell cycle. Cell death was confirmed by trypan blue staining and electrolyte leakage assay and the H2O2 production by diaminobenzidine staining. The upregulation of ER stress-responsive genes suggested the interplay between ER protein quality control and chloroplast or immune response. The results collectively suggest that the reduced levels of HSP90C chaperone leads the plant to develop chlorosis primarily through the global downregulation of chloroplast and photosynthesis-related genes and additionally through the light-dependent production of ROS, followed by the activation of immune responses including the cell death. Highlight Induced silencing of HSP90C gene caused the upregulation of stress-responsive genes and the activation of innate immune response, which resulted in the chlorosis development accompanying cell death.
Selective role of Nck1 in atherogenic inflammation and plaque formation

While CANTOS established the role of treating inflammation in atherosclerosis, our understanding of endothelial activation at atherosclerosis-prone sites remains limited. Disturbed flow at atheroprone regions primes plaque inflammation by enhancing endothelial NF-κB signaling. Herein, we demonstrate a novel role for the Nck adaptor proteins in disturbed flow-induced endothelial activation. Although highly similar, only Nck1 deletion, but not Nck2 deletion, limits flow-induced NF-κB activation and proinflammatory gene expression. Nck1 knockout mice show reduced endothelial activation and inflammation in both models of disturbed flow and high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis. Bone marrow chimeras confirm that vascular Nck1, but not hematopoietic Nck1, mediates this effect. In contrast, endothelial Nck2 depletion does not affect endothelial activation or atherosclerosis. Domain swap experiments and point mutations identify the Nck1 SH2 domain and the first SH3 domain as critical for flow-induced endothelial activation. We further characterize Nck1’s proinflammatory role by identifying interleukin-1 type I receptor kinase-1 (IRAK-1) as a Nck1-selective binding partner, demonstrating IRAK-1 activation by disturbed flow requires Nck1 in vitro and in vivo, showing endothelial Nck1 and IRAK-1 staining in early human atherosclerosis, and demonstrating that disturbed flow-induced endothelial activation requires IRAK-1. Taken together, our data reveal a hitherto unknown link between Nck1 and IRAK-1 in atherogenic inflammation.