Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of the nature and roles of peroxy radicals in the atmosphere towards the understanding of oxidant formation using laser-flash photolysis and LIF detection technique

Peroxy radicals RO2 (with R = H or CxHy) play an important role in the photo-oxidation cycles of the troposphere. They are produced mainly via the atmospheric oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide by OH radicals and subsequent reactions with O2. They can further react with NO to produce NO2, witch is an important reaction of tropospheric ozone generation. To understand the mechanism of this tropospheric ozone generation, precise and accurate measurements of ambient peroxy radical concentrations are essential. And not only atmospheric concentration measurements but also atmospheric kinetics studies such as lifetime measurements of peroxy radicals are necessary. Recent publications show big differences between measured peroxy radical concentrations and those calculated with chemical models. These could be caused by missing reaction pathways and uncertainties in reaction yields and rate constants. To investigate these missing reactions and the uncertainties in known peroxy radical reactions via ambient measurements, newly developed two instruments as described below are applied. One is a technique for the selective measurement of atmospheric peroxy radical concentrations of HO2 and RO2 using the PERCA technique. HO2 radicals are selectively removed by using a glass denuder to achieve the selective measurement. The other one is a technique for total HO2 loss rate measurement in the atmosphere by using laser-flash photolysis and LIF detection of HO2. Generated HO2 radicals by laser-flash photolysis react with ambient reactive species such as NOX in the reaction tube. HO2 loss is measured using LIF at 308 nm coupled with chemical conversion with NO.
Contribution à la reconnaissance d'activités à partir d'un objet connecté

Ce manuscrit porte sur la reconnaissance d’activites a partir de donnees accelerometriques. Le dispositif utilise pour collecter les donnees de l’accelerometre est eTact, dispositif developpe par la societe Bodycap. Plusieurs solutions sont proposees afin d'optimiser l’autonomie de l’objet connecte. Ces solutions sont mises en oeuvre et comparees sur differentes series de donnees. L'originalite d'une de ces solutions consiste a binariser les donnees de l’accelerometre avant de les transferer vers une plateforme externe ou elles sont analysees. L’utilisation de donnees binaires entraine la perte de nombreuses informations, cependant il est montre dans ce manuscrit qu’il est possible d’estimer, entres autres, les parametres d'un modele Auto Regressif d’une serie temporelle a partir de l'information binaire sur cette serie. A ce titre, un algorithme d'identification est propose et analyse.
Ransomware Noise Identification and Eviction Through Machine Learning Fundamental Filters

The existence of noise in a Ransomware dataset can negatively affect the classification model constructed. More explicitly, the noisy examples in the dataset can antagonistically influence the learnt hypothesis. Eviction of noisy occurrences will improve the hypothesis; thus, improving the classification precision of the model. This paper acquaints a novel strategy through upgraded inferiority of training ransomware data with a noisy dependent variable for multiclass classification problems. Noise diminishes classification accuracy by disturbing the informational training index and setting off the classifier to assemble erroneous models. Our methodology uses a Machine Learning Fundamental Filters (MLFF) to arrange suspicious noisy examples and prototype selection (PS) in order to recognise the set of real noisy occurrences in ransomware dataset. This paper shows that the tuning of MLFF with prototype selection improves the nature of noisy training data collections; thus, increases the classification precision of the model trained with the training dataset without noise.
Analytical study of subcritical vapor explosions using thermal detonation wave theory

Experimental observation has shown that the assumption of complete fuel fragmentation in a vapor explosion by the shock adiabatic thermodynamic model results in predicting upper bounds for the shock pressure, propagation velocity, and work output. This model has been modified by considering the condition where the assumption of complete fragmentation of the fuel is relaxed. A methodology is adopted using experimental values of the shock pressure and propagation velocity to estimate the initial mixture conditions of the experiment and the mass fraction of the materials participating in the explosion. Analysis of a steady-state subcritical vapor explosion in one dimension has been carried out by applying the conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy and the appropriate equation of state for a homogeneous mixture of molten tin and water. The KROTOS-21 experiment, conducted at the Joint Research Center at Ispra, Italy, was used as the initial benchmark experiment in this analysis. A quasi-steady explosion pressure of {approximately}3 MPa and a propagation velocity of {approximately}200 m/s were obtained in this experiment. Using this model, the estimated minimum mass of the fragmented fuel was found to be 0.21 kg (3.2%) of the total mass of the fuel. The predicted work output by thismore » model corresponding to the aforementioned fragmented fuel mass was found to be 9.8 kJ. The estimated initial void fraction of the vapor was found to be 11.5%. In these analyses, a comparison is made of the various possible closure relations applied to the detonation wave theory for a vapor explosion and associated concerns of model stability in the two-phase region. « less
Decision-making in complex and uncertain environments - Experimental studies in behavioral economics

There is a large body of empirical evidence that people do not always behave according to game theoretic predictions in many economic or social environments. Possible deviations from standard-economic behavior can occur when individuals have either (i) non-standard beliefs, which are systematically biased, (ii) non-standard preferences, such as preferences for fairness, or (iii) when they engage in imperfect utility maximization, for example, because of limited attention and only consider salient alternatives in their choice sets (Rabin, 2002). This thesis addresses issues related to such forms of boundedly rational behavior and non-standard utility maximization.
Molecular evidence for natural hybridization between Ligularia nelumbifolia and Cremanthodium stenoglossum (Asteraceae, Senecioneae)

Natural hybridization occurred frequently in the sunflower family. To date, however, no study on natural hybridization involving in Ligularia and Cremanthodium has been reported. Here, we presented the molecular evidence for natural hybridization between Ligularia nelumbifolia (Bureau & Franch.) Hand. -Mazz. and Cremanthodium stenoglossum Ling & S.W. Liu. Four nuclear DNA regions were sequenced to test the natural hybridization hypothesis, and three chloroplast DNA regions were sequenced to determine the direction of hybridization. Analyses of the investigated DNA data suggested that all of the putative hybrid individuals were derived from hybridization between L. nelumbifolia and C. stenoglossum and that bidirectional hybridization occurred. Moreover, sympatric Ligularia tsangchanensis (Franch.) Hand. -Mazz. and Ligularia virgaurea (Maxim.) Mattf. ex Rehder & Kobuski were not apparently involved in the hybridization. Although NewHybrids analysis showed that all the putative hybrid individuals were F1 class, a low frequency of backcrossing to C. stenoglossum might exist in the hybrid swarm. In such a case, hybrids might serve as a bridge facilitating gene flow between L. nelumbifolia and C. stenoglossum, and hybrid speciation is unlikely to happen for these hybrid individuals without asexual reproduction. Given the poorly resolved phylogenetic relationship between Ligularia and Cremanthodium, the occurrence of natural hybridization between L. nelumbifolia and C. stenoglossum might provide new insights into the recircumscription and redelimitation of these two genera.
Intracellular Calcium Mobilization Suppresses the TNF-α–Stimulated Synthesis of PAI-1 in Human Endothelial Cells

Abstract We investigated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) the interaction between the signaling pathways triggered by calcium mobilization and those affected by human recombinant tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) on the expression of type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1). Calcium ionophore A23187 alone exerted a modest increase (50%) on PAI-1 synthesis. TNF alone increased PAI-1 accumulation in the culture medium in a time- and dose-dependent fashion, but this increase was abolished when A23187 was added simultaneously with TNF. The downregulating effect of A23187 was not the result of impaired protein secretion, proteolysis, cytotoxicity, or an apoptotic process. A23187 did not decrease the TNF-enhanced PAI-1 mRNA level but did provoke a significant shift in the distribution pattern of PAI-1 transcripts by increasing the 2.3-kb relative to the 3.2-kb form. Comparable inhibitory effects on PAI-1 protein synthesis were observed when A23187 was added 7 hours after the onset of TNF sti.
Measurements of HONO in Southern Ontario using long path absorption photometry

A highly sensitive Long Path Absorption Photometer (LOPAP) was constructed and used to investigate HONO chemistry at rural and urban sites in Southern Ontario. The instrument utilizes liquid core waveguides (LCW's) to achieve part per trillion (pptv) sensitivities. The 3o detection limit of the instrument was determined to be 5 pptv. The only interference of note was N02 and it was quantitatively removed by the subtraction of the signal due to N02 in a second channel. The instrument was deployed in Southern Ontario for the measurement of HONO at three different measurement sites, one urban (Toronto), one forested (Borden) and one semirural (BAQS-Met, Harrow super site). High concentrations of HONO were observed at the urban site, which was located next to a major highway. These concentrations can largely be explained by traffic emissions from the highway. While the largest HONO mixing ratios measured were found at the urban sampling site, high HONO/N02 ratios were observed at the forested site (as high as 16%, mean=1.9%). The forested site (Borden, Ontario) was a very clean site with mean NOx concentrations of only 1.5 ppbv. The mean first order conversion rate of N02 to HONO during the night-time hours at this site was found to be 1.4 x 10" s"\ two orders of magnitude smaller than HONO photolysis at midday. Since measurable amounts of HONO were present during the midday hours this lead to the conclusion that there was a very efficient conversion process of N02 to HONO in the forested environment. High daytime concentrations of HONO were also observed at the Harrow supersite during the BAQS-Met campaign. These
Attitude of Special Education Teachers in Teaching Special Education Integration Program towards Learning Disabilities Students Dyslexia Academic Performances in District Hilir Perak, Perak

This study aimed to review the attitude of Special Education Teachers in PPKI on academic performance dyslexia students in district Hilir Perak, Perak. This study used a survey method using a questionnaire which is divided into three parts. Part A concerns with teacher’s personal information and Section B is about the attitude of teacher and Part C is on the academic performance of students. The sample consisted of 69 teachers around the district of Hilir Perak. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and statistical inference. T-test and one way ANOVA was used to analyse the research questions are built. The findings showed that demographic factors such as gender, level of education and teaching time showed a significant difference to the level of teacher attitude. Meanwhile, age, length of service and marital status did not show significant differences in the levels of attitude. In addition, correlation tests were also carried out to identify the relationship between the attitudes of special education teachers on the academic performance of Dyslexia students. The findings of the test results showed a correlation coefficient of r = . 418 sig = 0.004 where <. 05. In conclusion there is a correlation between the attitudes of teachers of special education pupils to academic performance Dyslexia. The positive coefficient r indicates the positive attitude of teachers of special education, the higher the academic achievement of Dyslexia students. The findings also suggest that future studies will help improve the academic performance of Dyslexia students and taking into account the attitude and precision of special education teachers.
Carbon nanosheets and carbon nanotubes by RF PECVD

A planar antenna RF plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus was built for carbon nanostructure syntheses. When operated in inductive and capacitive plasma discharging modes, two carbon nanostructures, carbon nanotube (CNT) and carbon nanosheet (CNS), were synthesized, respectively. A nanosphere lithography method was developed and used to prepare catalyst patterns for CNT growth. Using capacitively coupled C2H2/NH3 plasma, randomly oriented CNT were synthesized on Ni dot patterned Si substrates. Aligned CNT arrays were grown on SiC>2 coated Si substrates, using both C2H2/NH3 and CH4/H2 capacitive plasmas. When operated in inductive coupling mode, CNS were successfully deposited on a variety of substrates without any catalyst. Carbon nanosheets are a novel twodimensional structure, have smooth surface morphologies and atomically thin edges, and are free-standing roughly vertical to substrate surfaces. CNS have a defective graphitic crystalline structure, and contain only C and H elements. Typical CNS growth parameters are 680 °C substrate temperature, 40% CH4 in H2 , 900 W RF power, and 100 mTorr total gas pressure. Morphology, growth rate, and structure of CNS change with the variations in the growth parameters. Increasing substrate temperature yields a less smooth morphology, a faster growth rate, and more defects in CNS; increasing CH4 concentration causes a faster growth rate and more defects in CNS, but only slightly changes the morphology; increasing RF power results in a more smooth morphology, a faster growth rate, and less defects in CNS; and decreasing total gas pressure induces a less smooth morphology, a faster growth rate, and more defects in CNS. In CNS growth mechanism, a base layer forms underneath the vertical sheets; the growth of CNS is through growth species surface diffusion; the electric field near substrate surfaces promotes and keeps the vertical orientation of the CNS, and the atomic hydrogen etching keeps the CNS atomically thin. Carbon nanosheets have large surface areas, and can stabilize metal thin films into particles 3-5 nm in diameters. For field emission testing, typical CNS have tum-on fields of 5-10 V/pm, a maximum emission current of 28 mA, an emission current density of 2 mA/mm2, and a life-time of 200 hours.
Glycemic Index of Sugars Extracted from Immature Coconut Water: Case of Coconut Palms ( Cocos nucifera L.) WAT, MYD and PB121 +

In order to do a best stipulation on her consumption, it is necessary to know if a food provoke faintly, fairly or highly the glyceamia. The aim of this work was to evaluate the glycemic index of coconut water sugar from three coconuts varieties. So, with a cohort of 15 people, a capillary blood was collect after sugar ingestion and the glycaemia read directly on a glucometer. The result showed that the brown and white sugar from coconut sugar can be classified as low glycemic index food. Also, the glycemic indexes of white coconut water sugar are 2 to 3 more lower than that the brown sugar. The glycemic indexes of sugars vary according to the variety of coconut used. The sugars of the coconut palm (MYD) are more hyper-glycemic than those of the hybrid (PB121+) which is more hyperglycemic than the sugars of the coconut palm (WAT). Thus, with a controlled consumption, the coconut water sugars could be the sugars that are best for the health of the healthy and diabetic populations because it raises slightly the postprandial glucose.
Mobile learning special interest group symposium: revisiting mobile mixed reality

This symposium discussion is based around the 2019 update to the special collection of Research in Learning Technology (RLT) on Mobile Mixed Reality (MMR) Enhanced Learning that the ASCILITE Mobile Learning SIG has coordinated this year - due for publication in November/December 2019 – the authors will use the articles to spark discussion around the critical issues surrounding the design of MMR for higher education, and the current state of the art of these rapidly developing technologies.
A neurocomputational account of self-other distinction : from cell to society

Human social systems are unique in the animal kingdom. Social norms, constructed at a higher level of organisation, influence individuals across vast spatiotemporal scales. Characterising the neurocomputational processes that enable the emergence of these social systems could inform holistic models of human cognition and mental illness. Social neuroscience has shown that the processing of ‘social’ information demands many of the same computations as those involved in reasoning about inanimate objects in ‘non-social’ contexts. However, for people to reason about each other’s mental states, the brain must be able to distinguish between one mind and another. This ability, to attribute a mental state to a specific agent, has long been studied by philosophers under the guise of ‘meta-representation’. Empathy research has taken strides in describing the neural correlates of representing another person’s affective or bodily state, as distinct from one’s own. However, Self-Other distinction in beliefs, and hence meta-representation, has not figured in formal models of cognitive neuroscience. Here, I introduce a novel behavioural paradigm, which acts as a computational assay for Self-Other distinction in a cognitive domain. The experiments in this thesis combine computational modelling with magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore how basic units of computation, predictions and prediction errors, are selectively attributed to Self and Other, when subjects have to simulate another agent’s learning process. I find that these low-level learning signals encode information about agent identity. Furthermore, the fidelity of this encoding is susceptible to experience-dependent plasticity, and predicts the presence of subclinical psychopathological traits. The results suggest that the neural signals generating an internal model of the world contain information, not only about ‘what’ is out there, but also about ‘who’ the model belongs to. That this agent-specificity is learnable highlights potential computational failure modes in mental illnesses with an altered sense of Self.
Reintroduction and stock enhancement of European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis L.) in Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse, Germany

A stocking program for the endangered European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis L.) was conducted in the German federal states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse, southwest Germany. An initial monitoring enabled to identify local broodstock and to assess habitats regarding their ecological suitability for reintroduction. In a second step, broodstock were caught for artificial propagation and cultured fry were released in previously selected river sectors. Furthermore, reintroduction sectors were biannually monitored to assess stocking success. Within the study period (2014–2016), a total number of approximately 83,500 juveniles were stocked in three river sectors for reintroduction and approximately 85,000 juveniles were stocked in four other river sectors to strengthen existing populations. During the post-release monitoring, 45 individuals were recaptured in two sectors. The documented short-term reintroduction success (i.e. survival of released individuals) indicates appropriateness of the selected stocking strategy. Furthermore, the provided course of action might be transferred to further states or countries and thereby contribute to weatherfish conservation at larger scales.
Mental Toughness, Mental Well-being, and Performance within a British Army Recruit Training Environment

The purpose of the current exploratory study was to examine the relationship between mental toughness (MT), mental well-being (MWB) and individual performance within a British military phase -1 training establishment. A cohort of military recruits were recruited (n = 268) of which 212 (79.1%) were male and 56 (20.9%) female. Both self-report and observer-rated measures were administered over a 12 month period at weeks 4 and 13 of the 14 week training course. Results revealed no significant positive relationship between MT and individual performance, and no significant increase in MT as a result of phase 1 military training. However, a significant relationship was revealed between MWB at week 13 and performance (including when controlling for values at week 4), and there was an increase in levels of MWB between weeks 4 and 13. Furthermore, follow up analyses revealed that both dimensions of MWB (eudaimonic, hedonic) contributed to the significant increase in individual performance at the end of Phase-1 training at week 13. In summary, the current study reveals that MWB is a significant positive predictor of performance within a Phase 1 military training environment. However, for MWB and performance to be positively developed, the current study highlights that both the eudaimonic and hedonic dimensions of the construct must be experienced and supported.
Long run relationship between economic growth, export, population and investment of Ethiopia

The objective of this study is to examine the long-run relationship between economic growth, population, export, and investment in Ethiopia using annual data collected from the World development indicator, and FAOSTAT for 18 years from 1990-2007 E.C. Co integration and Granger Causality test. Stationary properties of the data and the order of integration of the data were tested using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test. Variables were non-stationary at levels but stationary in first differences. The long-run effects of Population, export and investment on Economic growth indicated that these variables are positively related to economic growth and statistically significant at 1% level. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 8 (2): 61-69, December, 2018