Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Minimal Biophysical Model of Neocortical Pyramidal Cells: Implications for Frontal Cortex Microcircuitry and Field Potential Generation

Ca2+ spikes initiated in the distal trunk of layer 5 pyramidal cells (PCs) underlie nonlinear dynamic changes in the gain of cellular response, critical for top-down control of cortical processing. Detailed models with many compartments and dozens of ionic channels can account for this Ca2+ spike-dependent gain and associated critical frequency. However, current models do not account for all known Ca2+-dependent features. Previous attempts to include more features have required increasing complexity, limiting their interpretability and utility for studying large population dynamics. We overcome these limitations in a minimal two-compartment biophysical model. In our model, a basal-dendrites/somatic compartment included fast-inactivating Na+ and delayed-rectifier K+ conductances, while an apical-dendrites/trunk compartment included persistent Na+, hyperpolarization-activated cation (Ih), slow-inactivating K+, muscarinic K+, and Ca2+ L-type. The model replicated the Ca2+ spike morphology and its critical frequency plus three other defining features of layer 5 PC synaptic integration: linear frequency-current relationships, back-propagation-activated Ca2+ spike firing, and a shift in the critical frequency by blocking Ih. Simulating 1000 synchronized layer 5 PCs, we reproduced the current source density patterns evoked by Ca2+ spikes and describe resulting medial-frontal EEG on a male macaque monkey. We reproduced changes in the current source density when Ih was blocked. Thus, a two-compartment model with five crucial ionic currents in the apical dendrites reproduces all features of these neurons. We discuss the utility of this minimal model to study the microcircuitry of agranular areas of the frontal lobe involved in cognitive control and responsible for event-related potentials, such as the error-related negativity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A minimal model of layer 5 pyramidal cells replicates all known features crucial for distal synaptic integration in these neurons. By redistributing voltage-gated and returning transmembrane currents in the model, we establish a theoretical framework for the investigation of cortical microcircuit contribution to intracranial local field potentials and EEG. This tractable model will enable biophysical evaluation of multiscale electrophysiological signatures and computational investigation of cortical processing.
SAT0631 Inter-observer and intra-observer reliability of the omeract ultrasonographic (US) criteria for the diagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) at the metacarpal-phalangeal (MCP), wrist, acromion-clavicular (AC) and hip joints

Background The OMERACT US subtask force “US in CPPD” recently created the definitions for US identification of crystal deposits in joints and tested the reliability at the knee [1]. Objectives To assess the inter/intra-observer reliability of US on detecting CPPD at triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) of the wrists, fibrocartilage of the AC joint, hip labrum (HL), hyaline cartilage (HC) of the metacarpal (MC) and femoral head. Methods The OMERACT criteria for CPPD were used for the exercise [1] using a 2 steps approach. First, the panel of experts gave a dichotomous score (presence/absence of CPPD) of 120 images of the sites included, using a web platform. The images were evaluated twice to assess the inter/intra-observer reliability. Then, the experts met in Siena for a patient based exercise. Bilateral evaluation of TFCC, AC, HL /HC of the hip and HC of the II-III MCP of 8 patients was carried out twice in a day, using a dichotomous score for CPPD. 8 US machines (3 GE, 1 Samsung and 4 Esaote) equipped with high resolution linear probes were used. Results Reliability values of static exercise were high for all sites, demonstrating that definitions were clear. The results of the second step are presented in table 1. On live scanning, the TFCC resulted the most reliable site for CPPD assessment, followed by AC. Other sites demonstrated lower kappa values and thus are not reliable for CPPD assessment. Conclusions TFCC of the wrist is the most reliable site for CPPD. By adding these results to the previous [2], we confirm that the OMERACT definitions for CPPD can be applied reliably at the knee (meniscus and HC), TFCC and AC, usually the most involved sites in CPPD. The next step of the OMERACT subtask force will be to test these findings in a longitudinal observational study. References Filippou G, Scirè CA, Damjanov N et al. Definition and reliability assessment of elementary US findings in CPPD. Results of an international multi-observer study by the OMERACT sub-task force “US in CPPD”. J Rheumatol, in press. Disclosure of Interest None declared
Logistics of Data Mining Techniques in Education, Assessing Academic Performance of Self-Financing Arts and Science College Students

Data mining methods are often implemented at advanced universities today for analyzing available data and extracting information and knowledge to support decision-making. University management focus more on the profile of admitted students, getting aware of the different types and specific students’ characteristics based on the received data. Educational data mining is an emerging field for knowledge discovering from large scale of educational data. To identify the improvement pattern of the academic performance of students studying in self-financing arts and science colleges, data were collected with the information like father’s education, mother’s education, classification, subject, college location, facilities, etc from 1398 students through questionnaire. Classification analysis of associated factors with academic performance identified the urban residents, higher parental education, science students who utilise college facilities and with higher skilled knowledge, time spending, liking college with more faculty concern including good presentation of teaching materials increased the regular students significant with academic performance. The factor analysis identified the four factors, faculty concern, classification, location of residence and college and parental education which explained 38.9% of total variation. K-means cluster analysis reduced to five clusters the student data, the first cluster composed with maternal education. Students of the other clusters identified facilities like students cognitive factors. College and home location and finally the subject taken was the fifth cluster.
The Long-Run and Short-Run Endogeneity of Money Supply in the Republic of Macedonia: An Empirical Analysis

The aim of this paper is to assess the endogenous and exogenous approaches on the money creation process on empirical grounds, through analysis in the case of the Republic of Macedonia. Using the ARDL econometric model, it has been determined that the money supply in the Republic of Macedonia in the period January 2003 - August 2018 is endogenously determined in the long run. The empirical results in the short term show bidirectional causality between deposits and monetary base, as well as between deposits and loans. However, in the end, the central bank in the Republic of Macedonia has an influence on the money supply. The exogenous monetary policies based on money supply control, can positively influence the amount of liquidity held by commercial banks and, hence, increase the supply of loans, but the demand for loans is still important when stimulating the entry of liquidity in the real economy.
POTENTIAL ROLE OF MILK THISTLE SEED AND ITS OIL EXTRACTS AGAINST HEART AND BRAIN INJURIES INDUCED BY γ-RADIATION EXPOSURE

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Silybum marianum ( S. marianum ) seeds extract its oil fraction against damage effect of γ-radiation in female albino rats. Methods: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used for the extraction of S. marianum seeds. Lipid patterns of S. marianum seeds oil were elucidated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). S. marianum seeds extract was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) were estimated in heart and brain tissues of the examined rats. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) were measured in the serum of the examined rats, and the brain biomarkers; dopamine and serotonin were also measured. Results : The oil was found to be rich in linoleic acid (58.20%) and arachidic acid (23.38%). S. marianum seeds extract revealed the presence of taxifolin and six main active constituents of silymarin , including silydianin, silychristin, silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A and isosilybin B. Treatment of γ-radiation damage effect using S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction led to a significant reduction of MDA levels in heart (139.6 and 165.5 nmol/g, respectively) and brain (158.5 and 135.2 nmol/g, respectively) tissues, however, significant increase of GSH levels in heart (316.4 and 293 mg/g, respectively) and brain (210.4 and 227 mg/g, respectively) tissues was observed, also a significant increase of dopamine levels (85.27 and 65.74 ng/g, respectively) and MT levels of heart tissues (108.5 and 70.52 mg/g, respectively) was observed. Conclusion : S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction showed a protective effect against γ-radiation-induced damage in heart and brain.
Effects of topic distribution and topic importance on interest and follow-up response

It is well-known that sample members who find the survey topic more important are more likely to respond. What is less known is the effect of different topic compositions. To reduce respondent burden, some social science surveys split long multi-topic questionnaires into varying components and administer only subsets to sample members. The rest of the questionnaire is asked in a second (follow-up) part. Whether respondents who answered more questions of importance to them in the first part are more likely to respond to the second part has never been tested. In this paper, we examine this question using data from a multi-topic push to web survey with six questionnaire subsets, which are assigned at random to sample members in the first part. At the beginning of the first part respondents are asked the importance the different topics have in their lives and at the end whether the survey was interesting to complete. This design allows assessing effects of topic distribution and topic importance on interest in the survey and on response to the follow-up. We first found that the subsets of the questionnaire are jointly associated with how interesting the respondent found the survey. Yet, we do not find support for our idea that respondents who answered more questions on topics important for them found the survey more interesting. Neither were these respondents more likely to participate in the second part of the survey. This shows that respondents to the first part do not self-select into the follow-up depending on topic importance.
Limitations of Different PCR Protocols Used in Diagnostic Laboratories: A Short Review

MODERN MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL Vol.1 No.1, Winter & Spring 2017 Currently, different highly sensitive nucleic acid detection-based protocols used in medical diagnostic laboratories need specific working conditions, and if no optimization is performed, misleading results can be obtained. Limitations of each protocol is different in obtaining an appropriate result. Awareness of these limitations plays an important role in providing a reliable result for physicians and patients. The present study aims to investigate these limitations.
Wetting of single crystalline and amorphous silicon surfaces: effective range of intermolecular forces for wetting

ABSTRACT Wetting at nanoscale is a property of a three-dimensional region with a finite length into the solid domain from the surface. Understanding the extent of the solid region effective on wetting is important for recent coating applications as well as for both crystalline and amorphous solids of different atomic ordering. For such a case, we studied the wetting behaviour of silicon surfaces at various crystalline and amorphous states. Molecular distributions of amorphous systems were varied by changing the amorphisation conditions of silicon. Semi-cylindrical water droplets were formed on the surfaces to be large enough to remain independent of line tension and Tolman length effects. Contact angles showed up to 38% variation by the change in the atomic orientation of silicon. Instead of a homogeneous solid density definition, we calculated different solid densities for a given surface measured inside different extents from the interface. We correlated the observed wetting variation with each of these different solid densities to determine which extent governs the wetting variation. We observed that the variation of solid density measured inside a 0.13 nm extent from the surface reflected the variation of wetting angle better for both single crystalline and amorphous silicon surfaces.
Preparedness of Crisis and Disaster Management in Social Security Hospitals in Kermanshah in 2016: A Short Report

مﻮﻠﻋ Background and Objectives: Iran is among the countries in the world in incidence of crisis and disaster. Preparedness of hospitals plays a vital role in reduction of injuries. This study was conducted to investigate preparedness of crisis management in Social Security Hospitals in Kermanshah. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in two social security hospitals of Kermanshah in 2016. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisted of 220 questions and were reported using descriptive statistics (number and percentage). Results: The relative preparedness of crisis management were 61% in Shoada and 66% in Hazrat Masumeh Hospital. Conclusion: According to the results , preparedness of hospitals in the face of crisis and disaster was good but weak preparedness in field of admission and traffic can create problems in the event of disaster. Period assessment of preparedness and training seem necessary.
Compilation Technique Learning Design Using Automatic Lessimic Analysis Method

The compilation process is the process of translating programs written in high-level programming languages (source programs) into machine language (object programs). Source programs such as, pascal, basic, c++ while the program objects such as compilation files have an extension file such as*. exeor*. com.The file can run on its own without he help ofthe source program (the file has property executable). Translators are divided in to two types of interpreter sand compilers.Both functions are the same, the difference lies in the translation process. In this research, a compilation machine called Automatic Lessimic Analyzer which can be used as an analysis machine. There are two job descriptions of the analysis machine, in the front as an analysis and behind as a synthesis function. For example, a simple program is included (c++) can be analyzed successfully and it can detect errors as a source program. While at the end, it will generate code generation and program object optimization.
Romantic involvement and mental health in sexual and gender minority emerging adults assigned female at birth

We examined whether romantic relationship involvement, a well-established protective factor against mental health problems among heterosexual adults, is also protective for sexual and gender minority emerging adults assigned female at birth (SGM-AFAB), a group at high risk for mental health issues. Using cross-sectional data from a community sample of 222 SGM-AFAB ages 18–20 years, we assessed associations between current relationship involvement and five mental health variables: depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, alcohol use problems, cannabis use problems, and illicit drug use. There were no differences by romantic involvement in problematic cannabis use or other illicit drug use. Overall, participants in a relationship reported fewer depressive symptoms, fewer anxiety symptoms, and less problematic alcohol use than participants who were single. Some associations differed, however, by participant gender identity, sexual orientation identity, and partner gender. Specifically, relationship involvement was associated with fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms for cisgender female participants (n = 154) but not for gender minority participants (n = 68) and for lesbian participants (n = 38) but not for bisexual/pansexual participants (n = 134) or those with other sexual orientation identities (n = 50). Participants romantically involved with a cisgender female partner (n = 43) had fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms than single participants (n = 100), those with a cisgender male partner (n = 56), and those with a gender minority partner (n = 23). Together, these findings suggest that romantic involvement may promote mental health for many, but not all, SGM young adults, highlighting the importance of attending to differences among SGM subgroups in research and efforts to reduce mental health and substance use disparities.
The distribution of shallow marine fishes of the Kimberley, Western Australia, based on 
a long-term dataset and multiple methods

The Kimberley and offshore marine waters of Western Australia are some of the least impacted environments in the world. The region is facing increasing pressure from anthropogenic stressors and there is a need to understand the baseline faunal communities. Fish surveys were conducted between 2009 and 2014, using a variety of methods, including UVC and extractive techniques. The results of these contemporary surveys were added to all known shallow water fish records from more than 100 years of historical museum databases. We present the first comprehensive species by site table, based on nearly 15,000 species records to summarise species presence at more than 134 unique locations across the Kimberley marine region and highlight new distributional records. This reference dataset of 1,529 species should inform managers and assist the development of representative marine protected areas.
Prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Relationship with Disease Activity

Background: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a lifelong disease with a progressive disabling course and individuals with RA experience higher levels of psychological distress than general population. Objective: the objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in RA patients and determine its relationship with disease activity. Patients and Methods: the study included 200 RA cases. Psychiatry examinations of all cases were performed according to Hamilton scale. Patients who suspected to have GAD were further assessed by the most recent diagnostic criteria for GAD in diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fifth edition (DSM-5) and psychiatry assessment sheet (PAS). Results: the prevalence of GAD in RA cases was 38.5% (n=77) assessed by psychiatry assessment sheet (PAS). RA patients with GAD significantly showed higher disease activity measures than those without GAD (P value 0.05) or RF positivity (r=0.058; p value >0.05). Conclusion: generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is common to occur in RA cases. Disease activity was significantly higher in RA cases with GAD than RA cases without GAD. GAD was found to be not related to disease duration.
Workload Analysis at Biro Human Capital to Increase Productivity

PT XYZ is a company in Indonesia engaged in manufacturing. One strategy to support these activities is to adjust the workload of the existing work to increase productivity in this company. Workload is very influential on employee performance productivity because the environment and work capacity are aligned with productivity. If the burden received is too heavy, then employee productivity will decrease, whereas if the workload is balanced then employee productivity will increase. Workload Analysis is a method used to determine the time, effort, and resources needed by an organization in identifying the actual needs of Human Resources (HR) in quality and quantity in accordance with the goals and strategies of the organization. Workload analysis with Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) is the allocation of the total number of personnel needed to work on the entire transaction in a system / process at a certain time / period. The staff allocated includes full-time, part-time and short-hour. While the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) method is a method used to analyze workers 'mental workload by measuring workers' subjective perceptions. This study will combine both methods to get the expected conclusions. This study aims to measure workload analysis aimed at making the workload between the sections in the Human Capital Bureau to be equally. The calculation results from the FTE stated that the workload contained in the Human Capital Bureau is still not evenly distributed, the recruitment and assessments section has a workload that tends to be low while other parts have a workload that tends to be high. Subjective workload that most affects is on the effort index, which is 24.09%, followed by temporal demand of 21.64%, performance aspects of 21.17%, mental aspects of demand of 19.66%, frustration level of 13, 44%, and the physical demand aspect is 0%
Global sensitivity analysis for stochastic simulators based on generalized lambda surrogate models

Global sensitivity analysis aims at quantifying the impact of input variability onto the variation of the response of a computational model. It has been widely applied to deterministic simulators, for which a set of input parameters has a unique corresponding output value. Stochastic simulators, however, have intrinsic randomness and give different results when run twice with the same input parameters. Due to this random nature, conventional Sobol' indices can be extended to stochastic simulators in different ways. In this paper, we discuss three possible extensions and focus on those that only depend on the statistical dependence between input and output. This choice ignores the detailed data generating process involving the internal randomness, and can thus be applied to a wider class of problems. We propose to use the generalized lambda model to emulate the response distribution of stochastic simulators. Such a surrogate can be constructed in a non-intrusive manner without the need for replications. The proposed method is applied to three examples including two case studies in finance and epidemiology. The results confirm the convergence of the approach for estimating the sensitivity indices even with the presence of strong heteroscedasticity and small signal-to-noise ratio.