Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Brain network disruption predicts memory and attention deficits after surgical resection of glioma

Surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are effective treatments to delay brain tumour progression and improve survival. Nevertheless, a large proportion of patients have treatment-induced cognitive deficits that dramatically reduce their life quality. A major problem in basic and clinical neuroscience is that the dispersed and interlocking nature of cognitive circuits makes predicting functional impairments challenging. Here we investigated tumour interactions with brain networks in relation to cognitive recovery after surgical resection and during chemo-radiotherapy treatment. 17 patients with low- and high-grade glioma (aged 22-56 years) were longitudinally MRI-scanned and cognitively assessed using a tablet-based screening tool before and after surgery, and during a 12-months recovery period. Using structural MRI and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) derived from diffusion-weighted images, we respectively estimated tumour overlap and Neurite Density (as an in-vivo proxy measure of axon and dendrite concentration) with brain networks and functional maps derived from normative data in healthy participants. We found that neither total lesion volume nor tumour location based on traditional lobular divisions were associated with memory or attention deficits. However, tumour and lesion overlap with the Default Mode Network (DMN), Attention Network and attention-related regions located in frontal and parietal cortex was associated with memory and attention deficits. This association was above and beyond the contributions of preoperative cognitive status and tumour volume (Linear Mixed Model, Pfdr<0.05). On the other hand, Neurite Density derived was reduced not only within the tumour, but also beyond the tumour boundary, revealing a distal effect that can have global consequences on brain networks. High preoperative Neurite Density outside the tumour, but within the Frontoparietal Network was associated with better memory and attention recovery. Moreover, postoperative and follow-up Neurite Density within the DMN, Frontoparietal and Attention Networks was also associated with memory and attention improvements (Pfdr<0.05). We conclude that gliomas located on brain networks that are fundamental for cognitive processing mediate cognitive deficits in patients with brain tumours and that, despite being focal lesions, they exert a distal effect on Neurite Density in these networks that is also associated with cognitive recovery. Our work provides insights into the brain reorganisation that occurs due to the presence of a tumour and its potential capability to predict treatment-induced cognitive deficits. A better understanding of the impact of treatment on these brain circuits would contribute to designing multimodal biomarkers for enhancing patient stratification and tailored rehabilitation to better preserve cognitive function.
An Investigation of Faculty and Student Experiences and the Move to Online Learning Following Hurricane Katrina

In this paper, we provide a discussion of the experiences of faculty and students from the University of New Orleans during and following hurricanes Katrina and Rita to consider the implications for online teaching and learning. In addition to anecdotal discussion of faculty experiences, we examine representative postings from approximately 300 business students at the graduate and undergraduate levels. We consider what lessons can be learned about the role of the university in a disaster situation, the Katrina disaster, in this case. Our emphasis is on the role of online instruction in such situations. We provide a number of general findings about the student experiences and illustrate what occurred with excerpts from their online postings.
Bortezomib, Melphalan, Prednisone and Thalidomide (VMPT) Followed by Maintenance with Bortezomib and Thalidomide for Initial Treatment of Elderly Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Abstract 128 Background. In newly diagnosed myeloma patients the combination of bortezomib with melphalan-prednisone (VMP) was superior to MP. In relapsed-refractory patients the 4 drug combination bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide (VMPT) induced a high proportion of complete responses (CR). Aims. This prospective, randomized, phase III trial, compared VMPT with a maintenance regimen including bortezomib and thalidomide with VMP without a maintenance regiment. The primary end point was PFS. Methods. Patients (N=511) older than 65 years were randomly assigned to receive VMPT followed by maintenance with bortezomib and thalidomide (N=254) or VMP (N=257). Initially, patients were treated with nine 6-week cycles of VMPT (induction: bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 days 1,4,8,11,22,25,29,32 in cycles 1–4 and days 1,8,22,29 in cycles 5–9; melphalan 9 mg/m2 days 1–4; prednisone 60 mg/m2 days 1–4 and thalidomide 50 mg days 1–42; maintenance: bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 every 15 days and thalidomide 50 mg/day) or VMP (bortezomib, melphalan and prednisone at the same doses and schedules previously described without maintenance). In March 2007, the protocol was amended: both VMPT and VMP induction schedules were changed to nine 5-week cycles and bortezomib schedule was modified to weekly administration (1.3 mg/m2 days 1,8,15,22 in cycles 1–9). Results. All patients have been evaluated in intention-to-treat. Patient characteristics were similar in both groups, median age was 71 years. The response rates were always superior in the VMPT group: at least PR rate (86% vs 79%, p=0.02), at least VGPR rate (55% vs 47%, p=0.07) and CR rate (34% vs 21% p=0.0008), respectively. Maintenance treatment did not increase the best response achieved during VMPT induction. After a median follow-up of 17.8 months, the 2-year PFS was 70.0% in the VMPT group and 58.2% in the VMP group (HR=0.62, 95% CI 0.44–0.88, p=0.008). The achievement of CR significantly prolonged PFS in both VMPT (p Disclosures: Palumbo:Janssen-Cilag: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria. Off Label Use: thalidomide, lenalidomide, bortezomib . Bringhen:Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen Cilag: Honoraria. Patriarca:Janssen Cilag: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria. Petrucci:Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen-Cilag: Honoraria. Musto:Janssen Cilag: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria. Boccadoro:Celgene: Consultant, advisory committee, Research Funding; Janssen Cilag: Consultant, advisory committee, Research Funding; Pharmion: Consultant, advisory committee, Research Funding.
Mindful Care: The pilot of a new mental health service for young people who are looked after away from home in Moray.

It is well documented that children and young people who are looked after away from home have significantly high rates of mental health problems coupled with poor psychological adjustment and general levels of emotional wellbeing (McCann et al., 1996; Minnis & Devine, 2001; Minnis et al., 2001; Hill & Watkins, 2003; Meltzer et al., 2004; Rodrigues, 2004; Ford et al., 2007). A range of conduct, emotional and hyperkinetic disorders appear most common in this population, and co-morbidity rates are noticeably high (Meltzer et al., 2004). Furthermore, only a small proportion of this at-risk population is likely to be accessing Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) (Dimigen et al., 1999). Barriers to successful CAMHS input occur at several stages within the process, from identification and referral of mental health problems through to the engagement of the young person and effective interventions for their specific constellation of behaviours and symptoms (Blower et al., 2004; Mount, Lister & Bennun, 2004).
Combined Donor and Recipient Non-HLA Genotypes Show Evidence of Genome Wide Association with Transplant Related Mortality (TRM) after HLA-Matched Unrelated Donor Blood and Marrow Transplantation (URD-BMT) (DISCOVeRY-BMT study)

Transplant-related mortality (TRM) is the largest limiting factor to successful URD-BMT as curative therapy. Identification of non-HLA genetic factors in either recipients or donors could improve BMT outcomes through better matching at these loci. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS), named DISCOVeRY-BMT (Determining the Influence of Susceptibility COnveying Variants Related to one-Year mortality after BMT) of 1-year TRM in 3,532 patients treated for AML, ALL or MDS (recipients) reported to CIBMTR from 2000-2011 and their HLA-matched URD (donors); donor DNA was available for 98% of HCT recipients. Cohort 1 includes 2,240 donor-recipient pairs; patients received a 10/10 HLA URD-BMT from 2000-08. Cohort 2 includes 823 donor-recipient pairs; patients received either a 10/10 HLA URD-BMT from 2009-11 or 8/8 (but In analyses of AML+MDS donor-recipient pairs four typed SNPs, rs9884653, rs16850885, rs1246576 and rs10014791, spanning 865,040 base pairs in and near MTHFD2L and EPGN on chromosome 4q13.3 were significant at Pmeta A previous GWAS showed that individuals with at least one copy of the A allele at rs16850885 have lower levels of secreted IL-1β following small pox vaccination compared with those who are homozygous GG (P=7.3 x 10-9). IL-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted early in the inflammatory response, may be contributing to the risk of TRM through the combination of initiation and maintenance of host tissue insammation and donor cell insammatory response. Our study, DISCOVeRY-BMT, is the largest GWAS of TRM HLA-matched URD-BMT. Further confirmation of these findings in a third cohort may aid in donor selection. Disclosures Sucheston-Campbell:NIH/NHLBI: Research Funding. McCarthy:The Binding Site: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Onyx: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Hahn:NIH/NHLBI: Research Funding; Novartis: Equity Ownership.
What if MacGyver Taught Physical Education?

In an era of rising childhood obesity rates, many physical educators find themselves with declining financial resources. Similar to how MacGyver had to do when he was in a bind on his self-titled television show, physical educators need to think creatively when providing equipment for use by their students. The problem that has been identified is: “How does a teacher provide for the daily equipment needs of the students when the financial resources are severely limited? ” One common solution is the construction of “homemade” or improvised equipment. Although there are an array of resources that provide examples of self-made equipment, the physical education literature is somewhat sparse in providing guiding principles and underlying concepts to assist the “builder” during the decision making, design and construction phases. This article leads with the question, “What would MacGyver do? ” and provides the novice improviser with a template of resource banks for the “raw” materials, concrete suggestions for equipment design considerations, and step by step helpful hints to assist in the creation, construction and utilization of physical education equipment.
Splenectomy in the Surgery Department “A” at the University Hospital Point G Bamako

We conducted a retrospective study that included patients with erythrocyte and hemolytic pathology justifying a splenectomy and patients presenting splenic trauma for which hemostasis splenectomy is required. We performed 27 total splenectomy in which 26 are by laparotomy (92.86%) and 1 by laparoscopy (3.57%). A partial splenectomy was performed by laparoscopy. The morbidity was marked by 2 cases of infectious syndrome and 1 case severe anemia. The mortality was 7.14% (n = 2). Splenectomy is part of the therapeutic arsenal for benign or malignant hematological disorders that constitute the main indication for elective splenectomy. Splenectomy was one of the most common operations in abdominal surgery. During the past decade, an increased rate of late complications, specially septic and thromboembolic complications are well documented. The risk is related to the indication of splenectomy, and is less than 1% in adults without immunodeficiency. However, these overwhelming postsplenectomy infections are associated with a high mortality rate. The best treatment of these infections is preventive measures which are based on vaccination and education of asplenic patients.
The advantage of MRI in detection of Coincidental adenocarcinoma of palate and pleomorphic adenoma of parotid - a case report

Salivary gland tumors account for fewer than 3% of the head and neck tumors. Typically salivary gland neoplasm presented as a single swelling localized to one salivary gland. A more unusual event is the development of multiple neoplasms located either in different glands or in one gland. This manuscript present a case of palatal swelling diagnosed by incisional biopsy as polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination revealed another parotid lesion which was diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma (PA). Palatal mass was resected with safety margin; superficial parotidectomy was also done for parotid lesion sparing facial nerve. Post-operative radiotherapy was recommended by pathologist due to evident perineural invasion of PAC. The patient is tumor free after one year follow-up. The present case has more than one risk factor which favors expectation of multiple tumors and mandate examination of all salivary tissues. In case of multiple salivary tumors each tumor should be diagnosed and treated separately according to its nature and extension. Keywords: Salivary gland; tumors; parotid; palate; MRI
IFN-γ +874 A>T (rs2430561) gene polymorphism and risk of pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Introduction The role of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) +874 A>T (rs2430561) gene polymorphism has been evaluated in different ethnicities with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) infection, and inconsistent results have been reported. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to determine the precise association between IFN-γ +874 A>T gene polymorphism and PTB susceptibility. Material and methods A total of 21 studies comprising 4281 confirmed PTB cases and 5186 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis by searching the PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, and Google Scholar web-databases. Results We observed reduced risk of PTB in allelic contrast (T vs. A: p = 0.001; OR = 0.818, 95% CI: 0.723–0.926), homozygous (TT vs. AA: p = 0.017; OR = 0.715, 95% CI: 0.543–0.941), heterozygous (AT vs. AA: p = 0.002; OR = 0.782, 95% CI: 0.667–0.917), dominant (TT+AT vs. AA: p = 0.002; OR = 0.768, 95% CI: 0.652–0.906), and recessive (TT vs. AA+AT: p = 0.042; OR = 0.802, 95% CI: 0.649–0.992) genetic models. In ethnicity-wise subgroup analysis, reduced risk of PTB was found in the Caucasian population. However, we did not find an association with any of the genetic models in the Asian population. Conclusions In conclusion, the IFN-γ +874 A>T gene polymorphism is significantly associated with reduced risk of PTB, showing a protective effect in the overall and in the Caucasian population. However, this polymorphism is not associated with PTB risk in the Asian population.
A Model of Medical Countermeasures for Organophosphates

Abstract : This paper describes a toxicokinetic/dynamic model of inhaled, intravenous, and percutaneous exposure to several organophosphates (OPs). The model predicts the efficacy of medical countermeasures via a pharmacokinetic/dynamic model of oxime, anticholinergic, anticonvulsant, and bioscavenger treatment regimens.
Anti-inflammatory Activity ofSambucusPlant Bioactive Compounds against TNF-α and TRAIL as Solution to Overcome Inflammation Associated Diseases: The Insight from Bioinformatics Study

Inflammation is the crucial biological process of immune system which acts as body’s defense and protective response against the injuries or infection. However, the systemic inflammation devotes the adverse effects such as multiple inflammation associated diseases. One of the best ways to treat this entity is by blocking the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) to avoid the proinflammation cytokines production. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the potency of Sambucus bioactive compounds as anti-inflammation through in silico approach. In order to assess that, molecular docking was performed to evaluate the interaction properties between the TNF-α or TRAIL with the ligands. The 2D structure of ligands were retrieved online via PubChem and the 3D protein modeling was done by using SWISS Model. The prediction results of the study showed that caffeic acid (-6.4 kcal/mol) and homovanillic acid (-6.6 kcal/mol) have the greatest binding affinity against the TNF-α and TRAIL respectively. This evidence suggests that caffeic acid and homovanillic acid may potent as anti-inflammatory agent against the inflammation associated diseases. Finally, this study needs further examination and evaluation to validate the potency of Sambucus bioactive compounds.
Evolution of the Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management Program from Inception in 2006 to the Present.

Background In 2006, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented the newly established Medicare Part D program that required plan sponsors to offer a medication therapy management (MTM) program. The MTM program requirements have become more prescriptive over the past decade in the attempt to address low beneficiary enrollment rates, improve the quality of services provided, and address gaps in meeting the needs of enrollees. Objective To describe changes to the requirements for the Medicare Part D MTM program since its inception in 2006 and the impact of these changes to inform future program enhancements. Methods We obtained publicly available information extracted from the Medicare Part D MTM program fact sheets for the years 2008 through 2018, in addition to searching indexed literature through PubMed and additional literature through Internet searches. We then categorized the program's requirement changes annually, and described the Part D MTM program characteristics and reported statistics. Discussion Significant changes to the Part D MTM program requirements occurred in 2010, 2013, and 2016 regarding eligibility criteria, MTM services, and reporting requirements. Thresholds to determine beneficiary eligibility have been lowered. Specific MTM services now include an annual comprehensive medication review, followed by a written summary using the Standardized Format. Quarterly targeted medication reviews are also required. Reporting requirements now include comprehensive medication review completion rates and the number of prescriber interventions, among others. Despite more prescriptive MTM program requirements, the low utilization of the MTM program continues. Conclusion Low beneficiary enrollment rates in the Medicare Part D MTM program led CMS to lower thresholds required for eligibility to expand the beneficiary pool. More prescriptive MTM service requirements enhanced service standardization. Despite these changes, MTM enrollment and comprehensive medication review rates remain low, likely, in part, from a lack of financial incentives. The Enhanced MTM program is a 5-year test model that is providing participating Part D plans regulatory flexibility and financial incentives to design their own MTM programs, to evaluate the impact of different program designs on beneficiary engagement and outcomes.
[Validierung von semantischen Analysen von unstrukturierten medizinischen Daten für Forschungszwecke].

HINTERGRUND In Sekundärdaten existieren oftmals unstrukturierte Freitexte. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Text-Mining-System validiert, um unstrukturierte medizinische Daten für Forschungszwecke zu extrahieren. METHODEN Aus einer radiologischen Klinik wurden aus 7102 CT-Befunden 1000 zufällig ausgewählt. Diese wurden von 2 Medizinern manuell in definierte Befundgruppen eingeteilt. Zur automatisierten Verschlagwortung und Klassifizierung wurde die Textanalyse-Software Averbis Extraction Platform (AEP) eingesetzt. Besonderheiten des Systems sind u. a. eine morphologische Analyse zur Zerlegung zusammengesetzter Wörter sowie die Erkennung von Nominalphrasen, Abkürzungen und negierten Aussagen. Anhand der extrahierten standardisierten Schlüsselwörter werden Befundberichte mithilfe maschineller Lernverfahren den vorgegebenen Befundgruppen zugeordnet. Zur Bewertung von Reliabilität und Validität des automatisierten Verfahrens werden die automatisierten und 2 unabhängige manuelle Klassifizierungen in mehreren Durchläufen auf Übereinstimmungen hin verglichen. ERGEBNISSE Die manuelle Klassifizierung war zu zeitaufwendig. Bei der automatisierten Verschlagwortung stellte sich in unseren Daten die Klassifizierung nach ICD-10 als ungeeignet heraus. Ebenfalls zeigte sich, dass die Stichwortsuche keine verlässlichen Ergebnisse liefert. Computerunterstütztes Textmining in Kombination mit maschinellem Lernen führte zu verlässlichen Klassifizierungen. Die Inter-Rater-Reliabilität der beiden manuellen Klassifizierungen, sowie der maschinellen und der manuellen Klassifizierung war sehr hoch. Beide manuelle Klassifizierungen stimmten in 93% aller Befunde überein. Der Kappa-Koeffizient beträgt 0,89 [95% Konfidenzintervall (KI) 0,87-0,92]. Die automatische Klassifizierung stimmte in 86% aller Befunde mit der unabhängigen, zweiten manuellen Klassifizierung überein (Kappa-Koeffizient 0,79 [95% KI 0,75-0,81]). DISKUSSION Die Klassifizierung der Software AEP war sehr gut. In unserer Studie folgte sie allerdings einem systematischen Muster. Die meisten falschen Zuordnungen finden sich in Befunden, die auf ein erhöhtes Krebsrisiko hinweisen. Die Freitextstruktur der Befunde lässt Bedenken hinsichtlich der Machbarkeit einer rein automatisierten Analyse aufkommen. Die Kombination aus menschlichem Intellekt und einer intelligenten, lernfähigen Software erscheint als zukunftsweisend, um unstrukturierte aber wichtige Textinformationen der Forschung zugänglich machen zu können.