Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recommendations on Terminology for Carious Tissue Removal and Caries Management 51

Variation in the terminology used to describe clinical management of carious lesions has contributed to a lack of clarity in the scientific literature and beyond. In this article, the International Caries Consensus Collaboration presents 1) issues around terminology, a scoping review of current words used in the literature for caries removal techniques, and 2) agreed terms and definitions, explaining how these were decided. Dental caries is the name of the disease, and the carious lesion is the consequence and manifestation of the disease—the signs or symptoms of the disease. The term dental caries management should be limited to situations involving control of the disease through preventive and noninvasive means at a patient level, whereas carious lesion management controls the disease symptoms at the tooth level. While it is not possible to directly relate the visual appearance of carious lesions’ clinical manifestations to the histopathology, we have based the terminology around the clinical consequences of disease (soft, leathery, firm, and hard dentine). Approaches to carious tissue removal are defined: 1) selective removal of carious tissue—including selective removal to soft dentine and selective removal to firm dentine; 2) stepwise removal—including stage 1, selective removal to soft dentine, and stage 2, selective removal to firm dentine 6 to 12 mo later; and 3) nonselective removal to hard dentine—formerly known as complete caries removal (technique no longer recommended). Adoption of these terms, around managing dental caries and its sequelae, will facilitate improved understanding and communication among researchers and within dental educators and the wider clinical dentistry community.
The Mediating Role of Learning Strategy in the Relationship between Achievement Goals and Academic Achievement

The study examined the mediating role of learning strategies in the relationship between achievement goals and academic achievement. The study sample consisted of 597 students selected from 13 schools using purposive, stratified, proportionate and simple random sampling procedures. The study adopted a correlational research design to establish mediation of learning strategy in the relationships between achievement goals on academic achievement. Students’ achievement goals and learning strategy scales were adapted to measure achievement goals and learning strategies. Results of the study showed that there was a partial mediation of deep learning in the relationship between mastery goals and academic achievement. Partial mediation of surface learning strategy was equally reported, in the relationship between performance-approach goals and academic achievement.
Energy-efficient Static Task Scheduling on VFI-based NoC-HMPSoCs for Intelligent Edge Devices in Cyber-physical Systems

The interlinked processing units in modern Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) creates a large network of connected computing embedded systems. Network-on-Chip (NoC)-based Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) architecture is becoming a de facto computing platform for real-time applications due to its higher performance and Quality-of-Service (QoS). The number of processors has increased significantly on the multiprocessor systems in CPS; therefore, Voltage Frequency Island (VFI) has been recently adopted for effective energy management mechanism in the large-scale multiprocessor chip designs. In this article, we investigated energy-efficient and contention-aware static scheduling for tasks with precedence and deadline constraints on intelligent edge devices deploying heterogeneous VFI-based NoC-MPSoCs (VFI-NoC-HMPSoC) with DVFS-enabled processors. Unlike the existing population-based optimization algorithms, we proposed a novel population-based algorithm called ARSH-FATI that can dynamically switch between explorative and exploitative search modes at run-time. Our static scheduler ARHS-FATI collectively performs task mapping, scheduling, and voltage scaling. Consequently, its performance is superior to the existing state-of-the-art approach proposed for homogeneous VFI-based NoC-MPSoCs. We also developed a communication contention-aware Earliest Edge Consistent Deadline First (EECDF) scheduling algorithm and gradient descent--inspired voltage scaling algorithm called Energy Gradient Decent (EGD). We introduced a notion of Energy Gradient (EG) that guides EGD in its search for island voltage settings and minimize the total energy consumption. We conducted the experiments on eight real benchmarks adopted from Embedded Systems Synthesis Benchmarks (E3S). Our static scheduling approach ARSH-FATI outperformed state-of-the-art technique and achieved an average energy-efficiency of ∼24% and ∼30% over CA-TMES-Search and CA-TMES-Quick, respectively.
BLT : Exact Bayesian Inference with Distribution Transformers

This paper presents a static analysis for solving the Bayesian inference problem for finite-state probabilistic programs featuring categorical random variables and looping control flow. The results of the analysis are transformations on state distributions, which efficiently compute output distributions from input distributions. The inference algorithm generates and composes probability transformations, and translates them to a system of constraints solvable by a combination of linear algebra and linear programming. To improve the efficiency of inference queries on output distributions, a dataflow analysis computes, for each program fragment, the relevant variables for an inference query. The inference is exact and proved to be sound with respect to a denotational semantics. The analysis has been implemented in the tool BLT, which successfully infers output distributions for probabilistic programs with possibly non-terminating loops. An experimental evaluation with existing and new benchmarks like Bayesian networks shows that BLT’s performance is comparable to state-of-the-art solvers for exact inference.
EXTRACTING INFORMATION FROM IT JOB ADVERTISEMENTS USING TEXT MINING TECHNIQUES

Finding a suitable job requires a lot of time in searching the job advertisements in order to find just that job openings that fit certain skills. Usually the job advertisements are written like free text and they don’t follow some specific structure or pattern and finding relevant information inside them is pretty difficult. Also if we want to analyze the job market so that we can uncover the needs of the industry probably we should go through the advertisements one by one and analyze them. This process can be facilitated by using some text mining techniques for extracting specific information. This will help jobseekers to find the employment that suits those best, job requirements they can cover and also help them to discover the job market needs so they can be profiled in that direction and acquire the necessary skills. Also, if we analyze a longer period of time, we can see how the needs of the labor market have changed over time, how the required competencies have changed, and maybe we can predict in which direction future requirements will be made. By using text mining methods for extracting specific information from the texts, job advertisements, we obtain just the major job requirements and skills. Also from the same texts we can extract additional information like experience needed for certain job or minimum wage for some job position. We are using jobs advertisements collected in period of 5 years in the field of IT industry. For fast growing industries, this kind of analysis is very important in order to follow the progress and needs of this industry. Our findings, in addition to showing us the trends in the labor market, can also be used by universities and other educational and training institutions for creating curriculums that the industry needs.
New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences

Text comprehension includes different components to create a coherent whole. The comprehension tasks of the national Estonian-language tests for Grades 3, 6 and 9 (10, 13-and 16-year-old students) were analysed to find out the similarity in the distribution of tasks at different comprehension levels for the same grade in consecutive years and if the text comprehension levels in the tests for different grades changed. Deductive content and descriptive analyses were used to find out how comprehension was measured in the national Estonian-language tests. We found that there was no consistency in the tests for the same grade in different years. Additionally, in most cases, the students’ cognitive growth was not considered: the tests for younger students included more inferential and evaluative level tasks than the tests for older students. Although it is important to improve comprehension skills at every level, the emphasis in tests should move from literal to inferential and evaluative tasks in the older age group
Trace element concentrations of size-fractionated particulate matter in the atmosphere of Istanbul , Turkey Ü

In this study, the physical characteristics and metal contents of particulate matter (PM) have been determined. In this scope, PM sampling has been done at 5 stations (Avcılar, Beşiktaş, Kilyos, Rasathane, Göztepe) for 2 years. PM filter samples were collected for 8 different size(<0.43 μm, 1-0.43 μm, 1-1.7 μm, 1.72.6 μm, 2.6-3.5 μm, 3.5-5 μm, 5.2-6.5 μm, 6.5-8 μm and >8 μm) using the cascade impactor. PM filters were decomposed and analyzed for 8 metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd and V). According to the results, trace element concentrations at all the stations were at least 2 times higher than at the Kilyos station which was selected as the urban background station. Pb, Cd and V elements are mainly present in fine fraction of PM, while Cu, Mn and Fe mass is found in coarse fraction of PM. Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) values for crustal element (Fe, Cr, Cu and Mn) were found to be in the coarse size fraction and anthropogenic element (Pb, Cd and V) were found to be in the fine particles. The major PM source was observed industrial facilities at the Avcılar; traffic and domestic heating at the Beşiktaş, Göztepe and Rasathane.
Report and statistics Preprocessing phase Calculation phase Malware detection Tracker detection VirusTotal analysis storage Score calculation Figure 1 : Steps of Android App Privacy Analyzer . 3 APPLICATION ANALYSIS PROCESS 3 . 1 Preprocessing Phase

Mobile applications are often granted access to various data available on the mobile device. Android applications provide the notion of permissions to let the developers define the data their applications require to function properly. However, through accessing these data, applications may gain direct or indirect access to sensitive user data. In this paper, we address the detection of privacy vulnerabilities in mobile applications in Android via an analysis that is based mainly on the use of Android permissions. Different aspects of the application are analyzed in order to draw conclusions offering an aggregated view of permission analysis in the form of a penalty score, a feature that is missing in previous approaches that analyze permission use in Android. Our work is supported by a web application prototype of App Privacy Analyzer that allows users to upload an application and view the respective analysis results comparing them with other applications uploaded in previous uses of the system. This approach can be useful for security and privacy analysts and developers that wish to examine the privacy vulnerability level of their Android applications, but also for end users with technical expertise. We have used the tool for the analysis of 800 Android applications and are discussing the results the observed permission use.
Development of a Framework to Support the Effective Adoption of BIM in the Public Sector: Lessons for Ireland

Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been formally adopted by many countries with the promise of creating greater economic, social and sustainability benefits. Several authors and institutions have presented alternative BIM policies and tactics which have been adopted by developed countries. However, there is evidence to indicate that BIM adoption theories are not well established and, in particular, the linkage between BIM public sector adoption strategy outcomes and their contribution to achieving Government policy objectives are underdeveloped. This paper will present the outcome of the first phase of a systematic literature review of published studies (including journal papers and noteworthy international reports) on global government BIM adoption. It will focus primarily on what are the key drivers affecting the decision to adopt BIM at government level, together with the theories, frameworks, and models adopted by governments or public sector bodies to assist in realising the economic, social and sustainability benefits of BIM adoption. The authors reveal a consistency in the drivers associated with the use of BIM in the delivery of public sector construction projects and how these contributed to the establishment of a National BIM Roadmap for Ireland. The methodology focuses on identifying a list of high quality published information of public sector BIM adoption through a rigorous retrieval and filtering system, presenting and critically reviewing alternative government BIM adoption strategies and finally discusses current perceived conclusions and actual implementation frameworks that serve to inform Ireland’s digital transition programme in construction. This paper seeks to inform an early phase in the development of a framework to support the deployment and evaluation of government policy objectives in Ireland and would be applicable to other countries which are an early stage of their digital construction transformation.
Ramen as You Like: Sketch-based Food Image Generation and Editing

In recent years, a large number of images are being posted on SNS. The users often synthesize or modify their photos before uploading them. However, the task of synthesizing and modifying photos requires a lot of time and skill. In this demo, we demonstrate easy and fast image synthesis and modification through "sketch-based food image generation''. The proposed system uses pix2pix to generate realistic food images based on sketched images, and DeepLab V3+ to obtain sketch masks from real photos. A user can create a realistic food image easily and fast by sketching a mask image consisting of food elements. In addition, a user can also edit a mask image automatically generated from a real photo food photo, and generate a modified food image. For training, we have created a new ramen image dataset consisting of 555 images with 15 kinds of pixel-wise labels.
Silent sinus syndrome in children Síndrome del Seno Silente en Niños

A 10-year-old girl, with no relevant medical history, presented to our Hospital with complaints of headache. The patient reported no nasal congestion, nasal drainage, or facial pressure. Physical examination showed a slight facial asymmetry with hypoglobus and enophthalmos of the right eye. A Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the sinuses showed a hypoplastic right maxillary sinus with complete opacification (Fig. 1A). Downward bowing was evident in the right orbital floor. The remainder of the scan was unremarkable. A right endoscopic maxillary antrostomy was performed and intraoperative findings showed a hypoplastic right maxillary sinus with thick mucus. Postoperative recovery progressed uneventfully. Six months after surgery, the facial asymmetry had improved and the CT showed a permeable right maxillary antrostomy and well aerated right maxillary sinus. The right maxillary sinus size has improved, despite continuing to be hypoplastic (Fig. 1B and Table 1).
Shaped-Beam Circularly-Polarized Practical Antenna Array for Land Imaging SAR Systems

─ A planar array of M × N circularly polarized microstrip patch antennas is proposed for high resolution land-imaging applications using an airborne side-looking Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems. The microstrip patch is designed to produce either right-hand or lefthand circular polarization. The planar array is designed to produce a circularly polarized three-dimensional beam of cosecant-squared shape in the range direction and uniform shape in the azimuth direction. The mutual coupling between the adjacent patches in the proposed array is studied for the assessment of the final array design and is shown to have no bad effects on the resulting beam shape or the array performance. A computationally efficient Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed and applied to find the amplitude and phase distributions of the feeding voltages over the planar array elements required to produce the desired radiation patterns. This technique is achieved by developing a fast algorithm to extend the amplitudes and phases calculated for M-element and N-element linear arrays to be applied to the elements of a two-dimensional M × N planar array without the need to apply the PSO to calculate the amplitudes and phases for the entire elements of the planar array. A perfect three-dimensional pattern with the desired shapes in both azimuth and range directions is achieved. The input impedance, the axial ratio and the shapes of the radiation patterns produced by the proposed antenna array are investigated and shown to be satisfactory over the frequency band of 3.91 − 4.11 GHz. Index Terms ─ Axial ratio, beam shaping, cosecant squared, microstrip patch antenna, planar antenna arrays, PSO, synthetic aperture radar.
Java Technology Based Training System for Teaching Digital Design and Test

A conception of training system for teaching design and test of digital devices is presented. The system is designed mainly to illustrate RT-level (Register Transfer Level) problems in control intensive digital systems including: investigation of tradeoffs between system’s speed and HW cost, RT-level simulation, fault simulation, test generation, built-in self-test (BIST) and others. The system is implemented in a form of Java applet and can be freely accessed over Internet. The latter makes it easy for students even from foreign universities to use this system any time and in any place. The Java applet has built-in multilingual support to ensure easy integration into teaching courses of universities over the world.
An Investigation of the OFDM Channel Estimation

Rezumat. OFDM este o schemă de modulație digitală ce livrează sistemelor de comunicații de bandă largă volume mari de date și imunitate la interferența intersimbol și fading. Estimatorul de canal OFDM și egalizarea sunt probleme critice în dezvoltarea sistemului OFDM. Estimatorul de canal se bazează pe ipoteza sub-benzilor independente. Scopul acestui material este investigarea exhaustivă a schemelor de estimație pentru a decide asupra profilului statistic al canalului. Cuvinte cheie: modulație digitală, zgomot, fading, multiplexare cu divizare ortogonală de frecvență, estimarea canalului. Abstract: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a digital modulation scheme which serve broadband communications systems with high volume of data and robust immunity to intersymbol interference and fading. Channel estimation and equalization issue are critical for the design of the OFDM system. The channel estimation relies on the subchannels correlations even if the receiver considers the subchannels independently. It is the purpose of the present paper to investigate estimation schemes in order to decide the appropriate channel statistics.
Mycobacterium eburneum sp . nov . , a non-chromogenic , slowly growing species isolated 1 from sputum 2 3

25 A non-pigmented slowly-growing Mycobacterium strain isolated from sputum was 26 characterised using a polyphasic approach. The isolate, strain X82T, has chemotaxonomic 27 properties consistent with its classification in the genus Mycobacterium. The organism formed 28 a distinct subclade in the mycobacterial 16S rRNA gene tree together with Mycobacterium 29 paraense DSM 46749T. The two strains were distinguished based on their fatty acid, mycolic 30 acid and polar lipid profiles and by a combination of phenotypic features. These data support 31 the conclusion that the isolate represents a novel mycobacterial species for which the name of 32 Mycobacterium eburneum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is X82T (DSM 44358T = CECT 33 8775T ). 34 &O L F N K H UH W R GR ZQ ORD G 0 D Q XV F U L : R U G GR F X P H QW 0 \ F R ED FW HU L X P
TheNotion of ‘Qi Yun’ (Spirit Consonance) in Chinese Painting

‘Spirit consonance engendering a sense of life’ (Qi Yun Sheng Dong) as the first law of Chinese painting, originally proposed by Xie He (active 500–535? ) in his six laws of painting, has been commonly echoed by numerous later Chinese artists up to this day. Tracing back the meaning of each character of ‘Qi Yun Sheng Dong’ from Pre-Qin up to the Six Dynasties, along with a comparative analysis on the renderings of ‘Qi Yun ShengDong’ by experts inWestern academia, I establish ‘spirit consonance’ as the rendering of ‘Qi Yun’. By examining texts on painting by significant critics in Chinese art history, and by referring to specific works by painters from the Six Dynasties up to the Yuan Dynasty, I present the merits and demerits of the different interpretations by Western experts, and explore the essence of ‘Qi Yun’. Once the painter successfully captures ‘spirit consonance’ as the essential character or ‘internal reality’ of the object, and transmits it into the work, ‘Qi Yun’ further implies the expressive quality of the work beyond formal representation. Additionally, the fusion of expressive and representative functions also leaves space for further explaining the aesthetic interaction among artist, object, work, and audience. From the Six Dynasties onwards, Chinese painters have practised the expressive pursuit beyond representation on the basis of the unification of ‘Qi Yun’ (spirit consonance) and formal representation, although spirit consonance was valued more highly than formal likeness.
FINGERPRINTING MALICIOUS CODE THROUGH STATISTICAL OPCODE ANALYSIS

: Analysis of malicious code, 'bad' software like worms, viruses and trojans, is a delicate affair: Pattern matching tends not to be robust because malware variants simply change or rearrange code. Heuristic approaches such as emulation and runtime analysis may take too long if the actionable time window is measured in seconds or minutes. My approach is to find a sweet spot: Structural fingerprints that are statistical in nature, ‘fuzzier’ metrics between static signatures and dynamic heuristics. One such structural fingerprint is binary opcode frequency distribution. This paper discusses fingerprinting malicious code through statistical analysis of opcode distribution.