Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical constituents of Salvia sclarea from Kashmir ( India ) .

Salvia sclarea (Lamiaceae) commonly known as clarysage, is a medicinally important herb showing broad range of biological activities. This plant is mainly known because of its pleasantly smelling essential oils rich in linalool and linalyl acetate. In addition to linalool and linalyl acetate (major essential oil secondary metabolites), the peculiar aromatic note of the essential oil is because of the minor constituents including α-terpineol, geranyl acetate, (E)-caryophyllene, limonene, thymol, nerol, geranyl acetate etc. Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of this plant yielded nine compounds i.e. β-sitosterol, α-amyrin, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, betulinic acid, sclareol, salvigenin, acacetin and norartocarpetin. The structures of these compounds have been established by spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and MS) in light of literature. Structure of ursolic acid has also been established by HMBC experiments. Ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, betulinic acid, salvigenin, acacetin and norartocarpetin are reported for the first time from this plant.
Title: “Performance and Robustness of Probabilistic River Forecasts Computed with Quantile Regression based on Multiple Independent Variables in the North Central U.S.A.”

I supplemented the visual analysis with paired t-tests to verify that my visual observations are statistically significant. This decreased the number of figures in the paper as well. As requested by both reviewers, I extended the hydrological interpretation, especially in the sensitivity analysis. However, the selection of predictors was constrained by data availability etc., so that pretending that these choices were based on hydrological considerations would be plainly incorrect. I did further elaborate on the selection of predictors though to make this point clearer. The reviewers were concerned that my findings might not be true for other performance measures. So, I added the continued ranked probability score into the discussion where it made sense to show that that is not the case.
Active labour market policies, search costs and positive fiscal multiplier ⁄

This paper presents a model of fiscal policy in which public intervention takes the form of active labour market policy. Although public intervention tends to crowd out private consumption, labour market policy also improves the matching between the unemployed and job vacancies. The model therefore produces small but positive fiscal multipliers on impact and in the short term. This result is similar with that of Monacelli et al. (2010) except that the transmission channel does not depend on the downward adjustment of the reservation wage of workers. The size of the fiscal multiplier is negatively related with the steady state spending to GDP ratio in the presence of diminishing marginal returns on spending. For large value of the multiplier, there is a crowding in of consumption and investment. Lastly, we also show that large fiscal multipliers may take place when active labour market policies are combined with aggregate demand effects in the presence of nominal price rigidities.
A Study of Users ' Perceptions Toward Mobile Dua and Zikr For Hajj ( MDZ 4 H ) Usability Conference

Hajj consists of several rituals which require the pilgrims to recite specific dua and zikr for each of them. Since there are so many dua and zikr involved, pilgrims who are not well versed in Arabic have difficulties to memorize them. They require a tool which is portable that can help them to recite the dua and zikr easily and conveniently. This paper introduces the Mobile Dua and Zikr for Hajj (MDZ4H), an Android application to help pilgrims to recite the dua and zikr while performing all the Hajj rituals. Android platform has been chosen due to the dramatic increased in the Android mobile phone users worldwide. This paper discusses the development process and also evaluation of MDZ4H among sample of users. In developing the application, all the required Dua and Zikr were gathered, compiled and verified before the application could be developed using J2ME. The application displays the Arabic text, the translation in Malay and also the Arabic audio files of the dua and zikr. The application has been evaluated among users and experts and the results indicated that the application fulfils the functional and non-functional requirements of the developers. The users were also satisfied with the interface of the application and rated highly the application in terms of Usefulness, Ease of Use, and Outcome and Future Use. It is hoped that the developed application could be made available in order to help Hajj pilgrims to easily and conveniently recite the Dua and Zikr towards achieving Hajj Mabrur. KeywordsMobile phone; MDZ4H; Android; Usability; Hajj; Dua and Zikr; Arabic Language
Oxidation of H2S to Elemental Sulfur over Alumina Based Nanocatalysts: Synthesis and Physiochemical Evaluations

In this paper oxidation of the H2S into elemental sulfur over synthesized alumina-based nanocatalysts was physiochemically investigated and the results compared with a commercial Claus catalyst. The wet chemical, co-precipitation and spray pyrolysis techniques employed to synthesize several alumina nanostructures. Then, the SEM, XRD and ASAP analysis methods utilized to characterize in order to choose the best nanocatalyst. The sulfur andH2S contents determined through the standard UOP techniques. Amongst these as-synthesized materials, Al2O3-supported sodium oxide prepared through the wet chemical and Al2O3 nanocatalyst via spray pyrolysis methods were the most active catalysts for the purpose at hand. In addition, the titanium dioxide nanostructure and a hybrid of nano alumina support (made via the wet chemical method) decorated on the carbon nanotube prepared for this goal. Moreover, the statistical design of experiments screening of the significant synthesizing parameters performed through the Box-Behnken (e.g.;Response Surface Methodology (RSM)) technique. Ultimately, the best chemically characterized nanocatalyst was subjected to evaluations in a fixed bed reactor while effects of temperature, metal loading and GHSV understudied. It was observed that, the alumina nanoparticles prepared through the wet chemical and spray pyrolysis methods led H2S into elemental sulfur in a reproducible manner with 97 and 98% conversions, respectively. Both of these were more desirable than that obtained utilizing the commercial catalysts (i.e.: CR-3S and CRS-31) providing nearly 96% conversion.
Experiments for the Extraction of Qualia from Web in Italian: a Pattern-Based Approach

This paper address the problem of automatically extracting qualia structures from the web via patterns in Italian. Qualia are treated as semantic relations, expressed by word patterns, between two entities. 400 examples of italian patterns expressing qualia are sampled and manually annotated in order to study the behaviour of the patterns and their suitability for qualia extraction. Features in the annotation schema include the position of the related entites with respect to the patterns, their informativeness and the minimum context window necessary to catch them. The results of this study are useful for designing experiments with wordspace models.
Realization of Current Controlled Current Difierencing Transconductance Amplifler (CCCDTA) and Its Applications

This article presents design of a basic current-mode building block for analogue signal processing, named as Current Controlled Current Difierencing Transconductance Amplifler (CCCDTA). Its parasitic resistances at two current input ports can be controlled by an input bias current. Owing to working in currentmode of all terminals, it is very suitable to use in a currentmode signal processing, which is continually more popular than a voltage one. The proposed element is realized in a bipolar technology and is examined the performance through PSPICE simulations. They display usability of the new active element, where the maximum bandwidth is 65MHz. The CCCDTA performs low-power consumption and tuning over a wide current range. In addition, some examples as a current-mode universal biquad fllter, a current-mode multiplier/divider and ∞oating inductance simulator are included. They occupy only single CCCDTA.
Rankine Cycles, Modeling and Control

As the demand for decreased use of energy increases, new ways of using energy sources are investigated. One of these ways is to be able to use low temperature heat sources, which can be done with a rankine or organic rankine cycle. In a rankine cycle there is a working fluid which is pressurized, evaporated, expanded and then condensed again, and the energy released during the expansion can drive a generator which generates electricity. The aims of this master thesis were to model a rankine cycle, parameterise it according to data received from an external company, implement control strategies and gain knowledge about its behaviour. The external company provided 11 data sets from their rankine cycle test bench, and they were not all coherent; some had a mass flow that was too low, it required the turbine to have a mechanical efficiency that was above 100 %. A new model of a pump was built, but otherwise models that already existed were used. The components were then parameterised to the different data sets and the simulations gave results that matched the data. For the data sets that were coherent, the simulations gave results that matched the data better. A power point tracking diagram done by the external company was also recreated. Control strategies that controlled the super heating, torque of turbine and working fluid charge in cycle were implemented. A tank before the pump was also added in order to prevent vapour to enter the pump. These control strategies as well as simulation results have created a base for knowledge about rankine cycles as well as organic rankine cycles. The results can be used by Modelon as a base for further investigation as well as for other projects. (Less)
HOW TO GET RID OF THE COMP

The inventory of grammatical functions (GFs) in most versions of LFG includes the attribute COMP, alongside the other complement GF attributes OBJ, OBJ θ , and OBL θ. Of these, COMP is restricted to clausal complements, and not assigned to nominals, while clausal complements are not assigned the functions OBJ, OBJ θ or OBL θ. Motivated by such redundancies, Alsina et al. (1996b) propose that all clausal complements bear the grammatical function OBJ, and that COMP be eliminated from the GF inventory. Dalrymple and Lødrup 2000 (D&L) argue, contra Alsina et al. (1996), that an empirically adequate account of certain languages including English (" mixed language ") requires a distinction between two kinds of clausal complements, one exhibiting, and the other lacking, object properties. Assuming that complement selection does not specify categorial information, D&L conclude that the latter are COMP, thereby justifying COMP in the inventory. D&L do not show that the patterns they account for in terms of OBJ vs. COMP are not attributable to OBJ vs. OBJ θ , a distinction available in standard LFG. Their reasons for not employing the OBJ vs. OBL θ analysis are predicated on the assumptions in LFG that (i) complement selection does not make reference to categorial information, and (ii) in function-category mapping, OBJ corresponds to NP and OBL θ to PP. If we allow complement selection to refer not only to GFs but also to (f-structure) features that constrain their categorial realization, there is no reason why a clausal complement cannot be OBJ, OBJ θ , or OBL θ. Their arguments for the retention of COMP in the inventory are therefore incomplete. The present paper supports the proposal to eliminate COMP from the inventory of GFs, allowing clausal complements to bear the same range of GFs as nominal complements, namely, OBJ, OBJ θ , and OBL θ. This move results not only in a simpler (smaller) inventory of GFs, but also in a simpler and empirically more adequate theory for predicting the relevant facts involving clausal complements in Catalan, Spanish, Malayalam, and English. Our first source of evidence comes from Catalan, which has two types of non-object clausal complements. Some verbs take clausal complements with object properties (evidence coming, at least, from passivization and cliticization by ho), but other clausal complements lack these properties. Both convèncer 'convince' and insistir 'insist' can take clausal complements (ex. : Et convenç que vinguis 'He convinces …
Ethics in the New Millennium : an Indian Viewpoint

This paper is based on the conviction that the corporate leader in the future will have to be the ethical leader. This argument is divided into four parts. The first defines the subject matter of the paper and deals with issues like values, beliefs and ethics. This part lays down the theoretical underpinning for the ensuing argument. The second takes up the issue of Managerial Styles examining a landmark study, conducted in India, in the process. The underlying assumption is that the answers we get to social issues depend on the questions we ask. The questions we ask depend on the values we have. Moreover, these values give rise to our beliefs and our ethical conduct. Hence, the Managerial Style is a good proxy for Managerial Work Beliefs. The third part deals with the question of the Values of the Chief Executive. The underlying assumption is that in a positivist framework, power flows downward and the tone as well as the tenor of managerial behavior is set by the behavior of the Chief Executive. This becomes all the more important when the organization is forced to thrive on the cutting edge of competition. The fourth part deals with what lies ahead and to that extent posits a considered opinion on the issue of Managerial Work Ethics.
A framework of integrated hydrological and hydrodynamic models using synthetic rainfall for flash flood hazard mapping of ungauged catchments in tropical zones

Abstract. Flash flood hazard maps provide a scientific support to mitigate flash flood risk. The present study develops a practical framework with the help of integrated hydrological and hydrodynamic modelling in order to estimate the potential flash floods. We selected a small pilot catchment which has already suffered from flash floods in the past. This catchment is located in the Nan River basin, northern Thailand. Reliable meteorological and hydrometric data are missing in the catchment. Consequently, the entire upper basin of the main river was modelled with the help of the hydrological modelling system PANTA RHEI. In this basin, three monitoring stations are located along the main river. PANTA RHEI was calibrated and validated with the extreme flood events in June 2011 and July 2008, respectively. The results show a good agreement with the observed discharge data. In order to create potential flash flood scenarios, synthetic rainfall series were derived from temporal rainfall patterns based on the radar-rainfall observation and different rainfall depths from regional rainfall frequency analysis. The temporal rainfall patterns were characterized by catchment-averaged rainfall series selected from 13 rainstorms in 2008 and 2011 within the region. For regional rainfall frequency analysis, the well-known L-moments approach and related criteria were used to examine extremely climatic homogeneity of the region. According to the L-moments approach, Generalized Pareto distribution was recognized as the regional frequency distribution. The synthetic rainfall series were fed into the PANTA RHEI model. The simulated results from PANTA RHEI were provided to a 2-D hydrodynamic model (MEADFLOW), and various simulations were performed. Results from the integrated modelling framework are used in the ongoing study to regionalize and map the spatial distribution of flash flood hazards with four levels of flood severities. As an overall outcome, the presented framework can be applied in areas with inadequate runoff records.
ffects of foliar applications of zinc and boron nano-fertilizers on omegranate ( Punica granatum cv . Ardestani ) fruit yield and quality

This study was carried out to assess the effects of the foliar application of nano-fertilizers of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on pomegranate (Punica granatum cv. Ardestani) fruit yield and quality. A factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized block design, with nine treatments and four replications per treatment. Foliar sprays of nano-Zn chelate fertiliser at three concentrations (0, 60 and 120 mg Zn L−1) and nano-B chelate fertiliser (0, 3.25 and 6.5 mg B L−1) were applied as a single spray before full bloom at a rate of 5.3 L tree−1. The application of Zn and B increased the leaf concentrations of both microelements in August, reflecting the improvements in tree nutrient status. A single foliar spray with relatively low amounts of B or Zn nano-fertilizers (34 mg B tree−1 or 636 mg Zn tree−1, respectively) led to increases in pomegranate fruit yield, and this was mainly due to increases in the number of fruits per tree. The effect was not as large with Zn as with B. Fertilization with the highest of the two doses led to significant improvements in fruit quality, including 4.4–7.6% increases in TSS, 9.5–29.1% decreases in TA, 20.6–46.1% increases in maturity index and 0.28–0.62 pH unit increases in juice pH, whereas physical fruit characteristics were unaffected. Changes in total sugars and total phenolic compounds were only minor, whereas the antioxidant activity and total anthocyanins were unaffected. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Study on the Biological Effects of Oligochitosan Fractions, Prepared by Synergistic Degradation Method, on Capsicum

Chitosan with an initial molecular weight (Mw) of approximately 193 kDa was degraded into about 11.4 and 14.8 kDa by γ-ray irradiation of the solution containing 5% chitosan in 0.2 M acetic acid at 75 kGy and the solution of 5% chitosan in 0.2 M acetic acid supplemented with 1% H2O2 at 10 kGy, respectively. The synergistic degraded chitosan sample with Mw ~14.8 kDa was separated into 5 fractions by using ultrafiltration membranes. The analysis results from UV, FTIR, and NMR spectra indicated that the combined treatment of low irradiation dose and low H2O2 concentration did not cause any change in the molecular structure of degraded chitosan fractions. Separated chitosan fractions with Mw > 1 kDa inhibited the growth of Colletotrichum capsici in vitro. While all separated chitosan fractions remarkably enhanced fresh biomass (11–56%) and chlorophyll content (20–92%) of capsicum seedlings. In the field test, the treatment with oligochitosan fractions with Mw in a range of 1–3 kDa (F2) to 3–10 kDa (F3) gained 9.0–11.4% of the fruit yield and reduced 64.8–67.2% of the rate of anthracnose disease outbreak fruits caused by C. capsici. Thus, the F2 and F3 fractions in degraded chitosan product are the key fractions for the enhancement of both the growth promotion effect and defense respond activity against the infection of pathogenic Colletotrichum fungi causing anthracnose disease in capsicum.
Finger motion in piano performance: Touch and tempo

This study investigated movement properties of pianists’ fingers with three-dimensional motion capture technology while pianists performed melodic passages at a range of tempi. The main question was whether finger motion dynamics change with performance tempo, an important issue for practicing and training. Kinematic landmarks determined from the finger trajectories changed considerably as the tempo became faster; piano touch was under deliberate control only at slow tempi. Individual differences in performance speed led to specific claims about desirable finger dynamics for successful piano playing.
Sonification: Review of Auditory Display Solutions in Electronic Travel Aids for the Blind

Sonification is defined as presentation of information by means of non-speech audio. In assistive technologies for the blind, sonification is most often used in electronic travel aids (ETAs) – devices which aid in independent mobility through obstacle detection or help in orientation and navigation. The presented review contains an authored classification of various sonification schemes implemented in the most widely known ETAs. The review covers both those commercially available and those in various stages of research, according to the input used, level of signal processing algorithm used and sonification methods. Additionally, a sonification approach developed in the Naviton project is presented. The prototype utilizes stereovision scene reconstruction, obstacle and surface segmentation and spatial HRTF filtered audio with discrete musical sounds and was successfully tested in a pilot study with blind volunteers in a controlled environment, allowing to localize and navigate around obstacles.
Arms and Oil in the Middle East: A Biography of Research

This essay interweaves two stories—one theoretical and empirical, the other autobiographical. The first story embeds the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the broader political economy of the Middle East and the global accumulation of “capital as power. ” The second story narrates the authors’ personal journey to uncover, theorize, and research this enfoldment. The essay explores and contextualizes the misleading duality of politics and economics; the link between military spending, finance, and stagflation; the concepts of “dominant capital” and “differential accumulation” and their evolution through “breadth” and “depth”; the manner in which these concepts and processes inform the political economy of Israel and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; and the ways in which they help identify the key role of the Weapondollar-Petrodollar Coalition and predict the periodic eruption of Middle East “energy conflicts. ” In their explorations, the authors have encountered numerous gatekeepers who tried to derail their research as well as a few open-minded editors who sought to promote it, and it is probably fair to say that, dialectically, they have benefited from both.
Miniaturized Culture for Heterotrophic Microalgae Using Low Cost Carbon Sources as a Tool to Isolate Fast and Economical Strains

Microalgae are well known for their ability to grow photoautotrophically, however higher biomass yields have been reported when microalgae was grown heterotrophically. The feasibility of large scale cultures of microalgae in heterotrophic conditions is still limited by, among other things, the high cost of nutrients and organic substrates used in this type of cultivation. This work aims to explore the utilization of different low cost carbon sources for the cultivation of two different strains of microalgae. Cassava wastewater, sugarcane molasses, glycerol, xylose, sucrose and sodium acetate were tested as carbon sources for Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus bijugus cultures. Glucose and fructose were also tested as reference carbon sources. The methodology of miniaturized growth allowed the screening of different substrates and conditions of the medium much faster than other methodologies (shaking flasks, bioreactor). The results demonstrate the feasibility of the miniaturized culture methodology in the development and evaluation of heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae. The main observed problems were settling of cells, evaporation of the medium during the experiment and interference in spectrophotometric reading (caused by water condensation on the lid), which had to be solved to adapt the methodology of miniature culture to heterotrophic microalgae cultivation. The evaluated microalgae strains presented different growth behaviours in the different carbon sources tested. Cassava wastewater and sugarcane molasses hydrolyzed allowed higher biomass production and proved to be a suitable low cost substrate for increasing algae-based processes feasibility.