Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuclear import of CaMV P6 is required for infection and suppression of the RNA silencing factor DRB4

Following an investigation by The EMBO Journal , the corresponding authors were alerted of the following errors: Figure 4D , lower panel: the images corresponding to the P6m3 and P6ΔdsR mutants are erroneous duplications of images (or sections thereof) in Figure 4A and 5A. Co‐author Olivier Voinnet made these errors during figure mounting. Since the source data were unfortunately unavailable, the experiment depicted in Figure 4A–D was reproduced by retrieving …
Borrelia burgdorferi Induces TLR1 and TLR2 in Human Microglia and Peripheral Blood Monocytes but Differentially Regulates HLA-Class II Expression

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the agent of Lyme disease, which causes central nervous system manifestations in up to 20% of patients. We investigated the response of human brain microglial cells, glial progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, as well as peripheral blood monocytes to stimulation with B. burgdorferi. We used oligoarrays to detect changes in the expression of genes important for shaping adaptive and innate immune responses. We found that stimulation with B. burgdorferi lysate increased the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 1 and 2 in all cell types except neurons. However, despite similarities in global gene profiles of monocytes and microglia, only microglial cells responded to the stimulation with a robust increase in HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, and also coexpressed CD11-c, a dendritic cell marker. In contrast, a large number of HLA-related molecules were repressed at both the RNA and the protein levels in stimulated monocytes, whereas secretion of IL-10 and TNF-&agr; was strongly induced. These results show that signaling through TLR1/2 in response to B. burgdorferi can elicit opposite immunoregulatory effects in blood and in brain immune cells, which could play a role in the different susceptibility of these compartments to infection.
Selective Dry Etching of p-Type Si Films for Photolithography Processing of Interdigitated Back Contact Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

Highly doped p-type Si thin films are hardly etched by alkaline etchants unlike i- and n-type Si films. In addition, the use of a HNO<sub>3</sub>/HF/H<sub>2</sub>O mixture to etch p-type Si films can lead to inhomogeneous etching of p-type Si films and consequently result in excessive surface roughness and inferior surface passivation. For these reasons, we have implemented a dry etching method to selectively pattern p-type Si films for interdigitated back contact (IBC) silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells using a SiO<italic><sub>x</sub></italic> masking layer. In this way, the underlying passivation layer and the Si surfaces can be undamaged. In this study, the etch rates of all Si films that make up IBC-SHJ solar cells have been investigated in order to obtain high etch selectivity and establish proper patterning steps. Furthermore, we have fabricated IBC-SHJ solar cells on planar wafers by using dry and wet patterning methods developed in this study. As a result, a conversion efficiency of 15.7% is obtained with <italic>V</italic><sub>oc</sub> of 682 mV, <italic>J</italic><sub>sc</sub> of 33.8 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, and FF of 0.68.
The Prediction of Impact of a Looming Stimulus onto the Body Is Subserved by Multisensory Integration Mechanisms

In the jungle, survival is highly correlated with the ability to detect and distinguish between an approaching predator and a putative prey. From an ecological perspective, a predator rapidly approaching its prey is a stronger cue for flight than a slowly moving predator. In the present study, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging in the nonhuman primate, to investigate the neural bases of the prediction of an impact to the body by a looming stimulus, i.e., the neural bases of the interaction between a dynamic visual stimulus approaching the body and its expected consequences onto an independent sensory modality, namely, touch. We identify a core cortical network of occipital, parietal, premotor, and prefrontal areas maximally activated by tactile stimulations presented at the predicted time and location of impact of the looming stimulus on the faces compared with the activations observed for spatially or temporally incongruent tactile and dynamic visual cues. These activations reflect both an active integration of visual and tactile information and of spatial and temporal prediction information. The identified cortical network coincides with a well described multisensory visuotactile convergence and integration network suggested to play a key role in the definition of peripersonal space. These observations are discussed in the context of multisensory integration and spatial, temporal prediction and Bayesian causal inference. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Looming stimuli have a particular ecological relevance as they are expected to come into contact with the body, evoking touch or pain sensations and possibly triggering an approach or escape behavior depending on their identity. Here, we identify the nonhuman primate functional network that is maximally activated by tactile stimulations presented at the predicted time and location of impact of the looming stimulus. Our findings suggest that the integration of spatial and temporal predictive cues possibly rely on the same neural mechanisms that are involved in multisensory integration.
Female plasma donors, plasma, and platelet processing in the PROPPR study.

To the Editor: r. Undurraga and colleagues have D presented an extremely interesting post hoc article that utilizes the PROPPR (Pragmatic, Randomized Optimal Platelets and Plasma Ratios) trial database to examine the impact of specific transfusion ratios on the subset of patients who underwent emergent laparotomies. It must first be stated that when a data set is as valuable (and expensive) as the PROPPR trial repository, the authors should be commended for “squeezing” as much out of the registry as possible. This article, and Dr. Undurraga’s associated presentation at the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, was both enlightening and informative despite showing no direct link between the resuscitation strategy of choice and the occurrence of an emergency laparotomy, its timing, or subsequent patient survival. Although loud applause is warranted for both this most recent study and the original PROPPR publication, we remain somewhat contemplative regarding elements of the blood product transfusions themselves. More specifically, can the authors comment on the specific sex of the donor plasma among their 12 PROPPR institutions? In many countries within the Americas (e.g., Canada, Argentina) and Europe, female donor plasma is being (or has been) phased out. We have known for some time now that female donor plasma may lead to increased complications. For example, female plasma from parous donors possesses increased levels of HLA antibodies and therefore carries a greater risk of acute lung injury in general, as well as transfusionrelated acute lung injury in particular. Similar issues exist in the donation of platelets despite pooled single donors. Furthermore, even the methodology with which we process our blood products across the globe ranges dramatically from region to region. The recent introduction of solvent based solutions to process plasma in Europe in an attempt to more completely remove viral DNA and the lipid component of plasma (i.e., to minimize the risk of transfusionrelated acute lung injury) is only one example. In 2008, the Canadian Blood Services eliminated the use of female donor plasma, added buffy coat technology, and mandated prestorage leukoreduction across the country. This was also the time at which many Level I
Power generating tactile sensor array in woven fabric form

In this study, we propose tactile sensors array in fabric form where an energy harvester and tactile sensors are integrated as a single device. The device is composed of flexible hollow tubes, piezoelectric straps and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. The hollow tubes and piezoelectric PVDF straps are woven by forming a fabric form. We present the measured output power during energy harvester mode and tactile sensor response during sensor mode.
WILLINGNESS TO PAY IN TREATMENT OF BLEEDING DISORDERS

This paper presents the results of a contingent valuation study measuring willingness to pay (WTP) for treatment of patients with von Willebrand's disease. Median WTP for treatment of this disorder was $1,500 or $3,500, depending on how the initial bid was structured. Regression analysis shows that income, education, and a category rating scale for health status were significant in predicting WTP. The adjusted annual WTP was $2,178. WTP surveys may increasingly be useful for health technology assessment. Starting point bias in how the bids are structured must be recognized.
The Role of Religion and Spirituality in Psychological Distress Prior to Surgery for Urologic Cancer

The present study examined the associations between religion and spirituality (R/S), presurgical distress, and other psychosocial factors such as engagement coping, avoidant coping, and social support. Participants were 115 men scheduled for surgery for urologic cancer. Before surgery, participants completed scales measuring intrinsic religiosity, organized religious activity, and nonorganized religious activity (IR, ORA, NORA); social support (Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey); and distress (Impact of Event Scale [IES], Perceived Stress Scale [PSS], Brief Symptom Inventory-18 [BSI-18], and Profile of Mood States [POMS]). R/S was positively associated with engagement coping. Social support was positively associated with engagement coping and inversely associated with POMS and PSS scores. Engagement coping was positively associated with IES and BSI scores, and avoidant coping was positively associated with all distress measures. R/S moderated the association between engagement coping and IES scores, such that the association between engagement coping and IES was not significant for men with high R/S scores (greater religious belief). R/S moderated the association between social support and distress; the inverse association between social support and PSS and POMS scores was only significant for men who scored high on R/S. This study replicated findings from previous studies suggesting that engagement and avoidant types of coping can lead to increased distress prior to surgery. Although R/S was associated with engagement coping, it was not associated with any of the distress measures. The finding that R/S moderated the associations between engagement coping and distress and social support and distress suggests that the association between R/S, coping style, social support, and adjustment to stressful life situations is not simplistic, and indirect associations should be explored.
fii, a bacterial locus required for filamentous phage infection and its relation to colicin-tolerant tolA and tolB

We describe mutations in a new bacterial locus, designated fii, which do not allow the filamentous bacteriophage f1 to infect bacteria harboring the F plasmid. Mutations at this locus do not affect the ability of F plasmid-containing bacteria to undergo conjugation or be infected by the F plasmid-specific RNA phage f2. The filamentous phage can still adsorb to the F sex pilus, but the DNA is unable to enter the bacteria. All fii mutants become tolerant to colicins E1, E2, and E3. Strains with amber mutations in fii also are unable to plaque P1, even though they can be infected with this phage. Mutations in fii also prevent infection of bacteria harboring the N plasmid by the filamentous bacteriophage IKe. The fii locus maps adjacent to tolA, mutants of which demonstrate tolerance to high levels of the E and K colicins. The three genes tolA, tolB, and fii are shown to reside on a 4.3-kilobase fragment of the Escherichia coli chromosome. Each gene has been cloned into a chimeric plasmid and shown to complement, in trans, mutations at the corresponding chromosomal locus. Studies in maxicells show that the product of fii appears to be a 24-kilodalton protein which copurifies with the cell envelope. The product of tolA has been identified tentatively as a 51-kilodalton protein. Data from cloning, Tn5 mutagenesis, and P1 transduction studies are consistent with the gene order sucA-fii-tolA-tolB-aroG near 17 min on the E. coli map.
Time-based patterning in development

Oscillating gene expression is a mechanism of patterning during development in both plants and animals. In vertebrates, oscillating gene expression establishes the musculoskeletal precursors (somites), while in plant roots it establishes the position of future organs (lateral roots). Both mechanisms constitute a specialized type of biological clock that converts temporal information into precise spatial patterns. Similarities, differences and their functionality in organisms that evolved independently are discussed.
Calorimetric studies of the energetics of order-disorder in the system Mg1–xFexCa(CO3)2

Abstract Calorimetric studies by Chai and Navrotsky (1996) on dolomite-ankerite energetics have been extended by including two additional types of samples: a very disordered stoichiometric MgCa(CO3)2 prepared from low-temperature aqueous solution and three largely ordered natural samples of intermediate iron content. Combining these data with previous work, we see three distinct energetic trends. These represent samples with nearly complete order, nearly complete disorder, and intermediate order. From these trends, the enthalpy of complete disordering is estimated to be 33 ± 6 kJ/mol for MgCa(CO3)2 and 18 ± 5 kJ/mol for FeCa(CO3)2.
A Novel Polymorphic CAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein β Element in the FasL Gene Promoter Alters Fas Ligand Expression: A Candidate Background Gene in African American Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients1

A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), identified at nucleotide position −844 in the 5′ promoter of the FasL gene, lies within a putative binding motif for CAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ). Electrophoretic mobility shift and supershift assays confirmed that this element binds specifically to C/EBPβ and demonstrated that the two alleles of this element have different affinities for C/EBPβ. In luciferase reporter assays, the −844C genotype had twice the basal activity of the −844T construct, and basal expression of Fas ligand (FasL) on peripheral blood fibrocytes was also significantly higher in −844C than in −844T homozygous donors. FasL is located on human chromosome 1q23, a region that shows linkage to the systemic lupus autoimmune phenotype. Analysis of 211 African American systemic lupus erythematosus patients revealed enrichment of the −844C homozygous genotype in these systemic lupus erythematosus patients compared with 150 ethnically matched normal controls (p = 0.024). The −844C homozygous genotype may lead to the increased expression of FasL, to altered FasL-mediated signaling in lymphocytes, and to enhanced risk for autoimmunity. This functionally significant SNP demonstrates the potential importance of SNPs in regulatory regions and suggests that differences in the regulation of FasL expression may contribute to the development of the autoimmune phenotype.
Impact of Battery Ageing on an Electric Vehicle Powertrain Optimisation

An electric vehicle’s battery is its most expensive component, and it cannot be charged and discharged indefinitely. This affects a consumer vehicle’s end-user value. Ageing is tolerated as an unwanted operational side-effect; manufacturers have little control over it. Recent publications have considered trade-offs between efficiency and ageing in plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) but there is no equivalent literature for pure EVs. For PHEVs, battery ageing has been modelled by translating current demands into chemical degradation. Given such models it is possible to produce similar trade-offs for EVs. We consider the effects of varying battery size and introducing a parallel supercapacitor pack. (Supercapacitors can smooth current demands, but their weight and electronics reduce economy.) We extend existing EV optimisation techniques to include battery ageing, illustrated with vehicle case studies. We comment on the applicability to similar EV problems and identify where additional research is needed to improve on our assumptions.
Security Constrained Integrated Unit Commitment Using Quadratic Programming

We have developed an innovative power generation scheduling method using quadratic programming (QP). The advantage of using our method is that it simultaneously solves unit commitment and economic load dispatch. We relax the binary variables of the unit state into continuous variables to apply QP to this problem. We also add the penalty term to converge the value of those variables to 0 or 1 to the objective function; the sum of fuel costs and start-up costs. This penalty term depends on per-unit fuel cost. The possibility of its variable converging to zero increases as the cost increases. This method was applied to a test system of daily generation scheduling that consisted of 29 thermal units, two pumped-storage units, four cascaded-hydro units, and one transmission. The schedule satisfied all constraints, i.e., load-power balance, operation reserve, power flow, minimum up/down-times, and fuel consumption. This result shows that the developed method is effective.
Why can ’ t CEOs foresee a crisis ? ∗

This paper explains why CEOs are unable to curtail risky investments before a crisis. CEOs rely on the advice of their employees to understand the riskiness of their investments. When employees observe noisy signals, they may be reluctant to disclose their information for the fear of getting fired. So, the CEO needs to offer contracts which provide incentive to disclose their information. The paper shows that in presence of moral hazard with respect to effort, it may not be possible to offer contracts which also incentivizes disclosure. Even when CEOs are able to offer such contracts, there will be a coordination problem in disclosure of information. These frictions are accentuated when the prior beliefs about an investment strategy being good is high. If the task of disclosing signals is separated and assigned to a risk manager who receives signals of same quality, it can result in more efficient outcomes.
Occipitoatlantal Hypermobility

The evaluation of 2 patients with increased motion of their occiput on their atlas stimulated a search for the normal relationship of this articulation in flexion and extension. Flexion-extension lateral roentgenograms from 20 normal volunteers were evaluated. The normal range of horizontal translation in flexion and extension as measured from the basion of the occiput to the tip of the odontold was found to be no more than 1 mm. Of the 2 patients with excessive motion between the occiput and the atlas, one had an associated congenital fusion of C1–2 and C3–4; the other patient had congenital fusion of C2–3. Both presented with subjective complaints of weakness in the extremities with motion of the cervical spine and neck pain with occipital radiation. Rellef in both patients was obtained by posterior fusion from the occiput to C2. While the cause of this excessive motion is not clear, it is proposed that a high cervical fusion produces more stress at the atlanto-occipital articulation which gradually causes the ligaments to stretch, resulting in hypermobility. It is recommended that any patient with a high congenital fusion of the cervical spine should be followed very closely; and with any subjective complaints, flexion-extension roentgenograms should be obtained, with careful attention directed to the occipitoatiantal joint.
Design of a high-thrust density spiral motor using Finite Element Analysis

Spiral motor has both high thrust density and high backdrivability because of its helical structure. Main purpose of this paper is to design and analysis high thrust density SPM spiral motor. In this paper, helical structure has been investigated by using FEA. As the result of FEA, proposed model has almost 6.8 times higher rated thrust density than conventional model.
Potential Role in Telomere End Protection Candida albicans Analysis of Telomerase in

Analysis of telome-rase-mediated primer extension in vitro indicates that only the TERT protein is absolutely essential for enzymeactivity. Our results support the conservation of telomerase protein components beyond the catalytic subunitbut reveal species-speciﬁc phenotypic alterations in response to loss of individual telomerase component. Wealso identify potential homologues of Est1p in phylogenetically diverse organisms. The Est1p sequence familypossesses a conserved N-terminal domain predicted to be structurally related to tetratricopeptide repeat-containing proteins.
A Multi-Population Univariate Marginal Distribution Algorithm for Feature Selection

Feature selection is to select an informative subset from original feature set aiming at reducing the dimension of the feature space and enhancing the performance of the classifier. It is a crucial problem of pattern recognition and has attracted much attention in recent years. In this paper, we have proposed a multi-population univariate marginal distribution algorithm using random population to increase the diversity to avoid falling into local optima. The experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm could effectively improve the accuracy of the classifier, at the same time reduce the dimension of the features.
Global product development in the ceramic tiles industry

This paper describes the product development activities of a manufacturer of ceramic tiles based in Melbourne, Australia. The company, Johnson Tiles Australia (JTA), is part of the Norcros Group of companies that is one of the leaders in the design and manufacture of wall and floor ceramic tiles. The paper describes how JTA transformed itself from a purely manufacturing and sales organisation that only supplied to the domestic market into an organisation that designs, manufactures and markets its products around the world. The paper details how the implementation of a computer-aided design system, a cross-functional design team and the global design conferences enabled JTA and it's other sister companies to develop products at a global level and attain a competitive advantage in the industry.
Effects of transient gate-level faults on program behavior

Effects of gate-level faults on program behavior are described and used as a basis for fault models at the program level. A simulation model of the IBM RT PC was developed and injected with 18900 gate-level transient faults. A comparison of the system state of good and faulted runs was made to observe internal propagation of errors, while memory traffic and program flow comparisons detected errors in program behavior. Results show several distinct classes of program-level error behavior, including program flow changes, incorrect memory bus traffic, and undetected but corrupted program state. Additionally, the dependencies of fault location, injection time, and workload on error detection coverage are reported. For the IBM RT PC, the error detection latency was shown to follow a Weibull distribution dependent on the error detection mechanism and the two selected workloads. These results aid in the understanding of the effects of gate-level faults and allow for the generation and validation of new fault models, fault injection methods, and error detection mechanisms. <<ETX>>