Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional characterization of elite amputee soccer players

Although soccer is a popular sport in Brazil, the amputee soccer is not known by the public in general. This sport requires an increase on the metabolic demand and with the amputation of lower limbs, the energy cost of walking and running can increase dramatically. Thus, the nutritional aspect plays an important role in the athletic performance and quality of life of these athletes. The objective of the present study was to assess the nutritional status of four amputees soccer players aged between 21 and 33 years old, members of the Brazilian Amputee Soccer Team. Dietary intake was evaluated using the six-day food records for energy, macronutrients, fibers and micronutrients. The anthropometrical evaluation consisted of weight, height, skinfold and circumferences measurements, which allowed to assess the nutritional status. Biochemical analyses were: hemoglobin, hematocrit, ferritin and transferrin to verify the nutritional iron status; urea, albumin and creatinine to feature protein status and the total cholesterol and fractions and triglycerides to evaluate the lipids profile. The results showed that athletes presented high ranges for the energetic intake (2,179 to 4,294 kcal) and the macronutrients. The athletes showed lipid intake between 25 to 30% of daily energy intake, protein intake between 1.8 to 3.9 g/kg/day and a low percentage of carbohydrates (48 to 54% of daily energy intake) and a low ingestion of vitamin E. The biochemical analyses showed no iron anemia, with adequate protein reserves and lipids profile in normal ranges. In conclusion, the amputee soccer athletes need nutritional orientation to correct inadequate food habits, observed in pre-competition period, and to improve the athletic performance.
Terahertz Wave Confinement in Pillar Photonic Crystal with a Tapered Waveguide and a Point Defect

We demonstrate a photonic crystal cavity with a tapered waveguide and a point defect to highly confine terahertz waves. The terahertz wave is first guided into the tapered waveguide, gradually compressed to its end, and finally confined in the point defect cavity. Numerical simulations with the finite-difference time-domain method indicate that the narrow band terahertz wave is highly confined in the point defect cavity with a quality factor of 5323. The demonstrated device may be used as an antenna for enhancing light-matter interactions in the point defect cavity at terahertz frequencies and may improve the sensitivity of terahertz near-field microscopy.
ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle P hysics J PAMELA, DAMA, INTEGRAL and signatures of metastable excited WIMPs

Models of dark matter with ∼ GeV scale force mediators provide attractive explanations of many high energy anomalies, including PAMELA, ATIC, and the WMAP haze. At the same time, by exploiting the ∼ MeV scale excited states that are automatically present in such theories, these models naturally explain the DAMA/LIBRA and INTEGRAL signals through the inelastic dark matter (iDM) and exciting dark matter (XDM) scenarios, respectively. Interestingly, with only weak kinetic mixing to hypercharge to mediate decays, the lifetime of excited states with δ < 2 m electron is longer than the age of the universe. The fractional relic abundance of these excited states depends on the temperature of kinetic decoupling, but can be appreciable. There could easily be other mechanisms for rapid decay, but the consequences of such long-lived states are intriguing. We ﬁnd that CDMS constrains the fractional relic population of ∼ 100 keV states to be . 10 − 2 , for a 1 TeV WIMP with σ n = 10 − 40 cm 2 . Upcoming searches at CDMS, as well as xenon, silicon, and argon targets, can push this limit signiﬁcantly lower. We also consider the possibility that the DAMA excitation occurs from a metastable state into the XDM state, which decays via e + e − emission, which allows lighter states to explain the INTEGRAL signal due to the small kinetic energies required. Such models yield dramatic signals from down-scattering, with spectra peaking at high energies, sometimes as high as ∼ 1 MeV, well outside the usual search windows. Such signals would be visible at future Ar and Si experiments, and may be visible at Ge and Xe experiments, although γ -rays associated with nuclear excitations would complicate the signal for these heavier targets. We also consider other XDM models involving ∼ 500 keV metastable states, and ﬁnd they can allow lighter WIMPs to explain INTEGRAL as well.
Data Driven Virtual Sensors for Riser Prognostic Integrity Management

In-field riser strain or motion monitoring provides direct indication of riser fatigue and strength performance for prognostic integrity management. However, direct riser monitoring in the field has been limited in offshore developments to date with respect to its use as a standard on every floating platform and on every riser system attached to the vessel. This is due to the high perceived capital or operational costs of direct subsea monitoring when deployed on every riser to reliably monitor over the entire service life. Furthermore, monitoring devices are typically installed at practical locations, which may not be at fatigue critical areas. A lack of known response in service can result in qualitative inspection planning, conservative fatigue predictions and reduced asset utilization. Data-driven virtual sensors provide an innovative solution for life of field riser monitoring and predictive inspection planning. The virtual sensor is a machine learning model that calculates stresses in the time domain at the fatigue hot spots and at high stress locations along the riser. The sensor is driven by platform motions and environmental loads that are typically measured in the field. It allows calculation of fatigue in near real-time using time synchronous data. The virtual sensor system can be integrated with a topside or centralized data platform. The vision for the virtual sensor is to train a machine learning model initially with finite element global riser analysis data and subsequently with full scale field data from the riser in service. Data aggregation from a term and deployment limited riser monitoring system is employed to capture system-specific response. This hybrid strategy results in low cost virtual sensors for life of field riser monitoring. This paper describes the motivation, methodology, validation and applications for riser virtual sensors. A framework for the development of a riser system machine learning model is described. Global response data is obtained from a vertical top tensioned riser operating in a water depth of 5,000 ft. Fatigue predictions are compared against the fatigue damage calculated from finite element analysis data.
Development of a thermal diffusivity measurement system for metal thin films using a picosecond thermoreflectance technique

A picosecond thermoreflectance measurement system has been developed in the National Metrology Institute of Japan in order to measure thermal diffusivities of metal thin films. A laser beam from a picosecond Ti-sapphire laser is focused onto the surface of a metal thin film with a spot size of 100 µm and absorbed within the skin depth of the order of 10 nm. Then, heat diffuses towards the opposite side of the thin film one-dimensionally, and the temperature of the heated face decreases over the time scale from ten picoseconds to several hundreds of picoseconds. This ultrafast temperature response is observed with a thermoreflectance method using probe picosecond pulses from the same source of the Ti-sapphire laser. Thermoreflectance signals for aluminium thin films with the thickness of 50 nm, 100 nm, and 500 nm sputtered on Pyrex 7740 glass substrates were observed under the front heating front detection (FF) configuration. We also developed a rear heating front detection (RF) type picosecond thermoreflectance measurement system. Thermoreflectance signals of molybdenum thin films and aluminium thin films with nominal thickness of 100 nm deposited on Pyrex 7740 glass substrates were observed at room temperature under RF configuration. Thermal energy transfer inside the molybdenum and aluminium thin films is dominated by the classical Fourier law. In-plane thermal diffusivities of the thin films are close to those of the bulk materials although out-of plane electrical resistivities measured by the four-probe method are larger than the resistivities of the bulk materials.
Co-creative partnerships as catalysts for social change

Mundane cities are challenged to design for unpredictable and rapidly changing futures. In the current work, we refer to thesechallenges as a collaborative design challenge and explore how co-creative partnerships can enable a participatory turn by establishinga new social infrastructure. The corresponding citizen-centred design approach offers a variety of design opportunitiesto engage with citizens, to empower all involvement, and enabling a social fabric to be increasingly reflexive and responsive.Through the illustration of three collaborative design studies in the public realm, we explore how design can act as a strategytowards a transforming society. It shows that participatory designing enabled empowerment across the co-creative partnership,though it also calls for strategic guidance in order to sustain transformational change. We end with an elaborate discussion onthe role of strategic design in facilitating the interplay among new coalitions of city makers towards a transforming society thatembraces sustainable social innovation. It can be concluded that co-creative partnerships can act as network designers, capacitybuilders, and enablers of transformational change, and have the potential to act as change makers, driving sustainable socialinnovation. Keywords: co-creative partnerships, diffuse design, participation, social innovation, transitions.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Nickel Oxide Films from Bis-π-Cyclopentadienyl-Nickel

Bis-π-cyclopentadienyl nickel has been proposed as a source material for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of nickel oxide films. The transparent film deposited at 310°C was of a NaCl-type crystal structure of NiO. The refractive index and optical bandgap were approximately 2.1 and 3.7 eV, respectively.
Perturbative QCD in event generation

This thesis is concerned with the simulation of particle physics processes involving strong interactions in modern event generators. New algorithms to reinstate colour in colour- ordered amplitudes through colour dressing are presented and their analytical and numerical properties are discussed in detail. The colour-dressed Berends-Giele recursive relations are extended to the full Standard Model Lagrangian and implemented into the numerical program Comix for large multiplicity matrix element computation. New algorithms for phase space integration are proposed, whereof one is capable to effectively couple colour and momentum sampling. Comparisons to other high-multiplicity generators are shown. QCD parton evolution and the CKKW algorithm to correctly include real next-to-leading order corrections are revisited. New types of jet measures are proposed for the merging of matrix elements and parton showers and their analytical and numerical properties are discussed. The implementation into the event generator Sherpa is presented using two different types of matrix element generators. Corresponding results and comparisons are shown. A further comparison between different types of merging algorithms is presented, including various numerical codes, which implement different merging approaches. Finally, the implementation of BFKL evolution in a Markovian approach is introduced and corresponding results from a numerical simulation are presented. Implications on event generation for current and future colliders are discussed throughout.
Conflict Management, Team Coordination, and Performance Within Multicultural Temporary Projects: Evidence From the Construction Industry

The purpose of our study is to enhance the understanding of relationships between conflict management style, team coordination, and performance in multicultural project team contexts. We investigate how conflict management can contribute to team effectiveness through the mediation of the level of team coordination by collecting data from 126 team leaders and supervisors and 378 members nested in different multicultural projects in the construction industry. Our results show that, contrary to the findings from prior research in other team contexts, an avoiding style of conflict management can have a positive impact on the performance of multicultural project teams.
Fibre inflation: observable gravity waves from IIB string compactifications

We introduce a simple string model of inflation, in which the inflaton field can take trans-Planckian values while driving a period of slow-roll inflation. This leads naturally to a realisation of large field inflation, inasmuch as the inflationary epoch is well described by the single-field scalar potential V = V0(3−4e−φ̂/(3)1/2). Remarkably, for a broad class of vacua all adjustable parameters enter only through the overall coefficient V0, and in particular do not enter into the slow-roll parameters. Consequently these are determined purely by the number of e -foldings, Ne, and so are not independent: ε ≃ 3⁄2η2. This implies similar relations among observables like the primordial scalar-to-tensor amplitude, r, and the scalar spectral tilt, ns: r ≃ 6(ns−1)2. Ne is itself more model-dependent since it depends partly on the post-inflationary reheat history. In a simple reheating scenario a reheating temperature of Trh ≃ 109 GeV gives Ne ≃ 58, corresponding to ns ≃ 0.970 and r ≃ 0.005, within reach of future observations. The model is an example of a class that arises naturally in the context of type IIB string compactifications with large-volume moduli stabilisation, and takes advantage of the generic existence there of Kähler moduli whose dominant appearance in the scalar potential arises from string loop corrections to the Kähler potential. The inflaton field is a combination of Kähler moduli of a K3-fibered Calabi-Yau manifold. We believe there are likely to be a great number of models in this class—``high-fibre models''—in which the inflaton starts off far enough up the fibre to produce observably large primordial gravity waves.
Arithmetic Units for the Elliptic Curve Cryptography with Concurrent Error Detection Capability

The elliptic curve cryptography is an important branch in public-key cryptography. In this thesis, we consider the elliptic curve cryptography over binary extension elds from two di erent points of view. First, we investigate the underlying arithmetic operations in the elliptic curve cryptography. The main arithmetic operation is the scalar multiplication. This operation is based on two elliptic curve operations, known as the point addition and point doubling. Implementing these two elliptic curve operations requires nite eld arithmetic, speci cally, nite eld addition, multiplication, squaring, and inversion. We focus on two nite eld operations, namely nite eld multiplication and squaring. For the nite eld multiplication, we consider Montgomery multiplication algorithm and shifted polynomial basis to design bit-serial, digit-serial, bit-parallel, semi-systolic and systolic multipliers. In case of nite eld squaring, we use the Montgomery multiplication algorithm for squaring using special type of irreducible pentanomials. We also investigate the nite eld multiplication from the concurrent error detection point of view. This is due the fact that fault attacks have become a serious concern in cryptographic applications. In this regard, we design concurrent error detection schemes for di erent Montgomery multipliers. Our comparison results show that our proposed arithmetic units and concurrent error detection scheme provide improvements over their existing counterparts.
Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Microstructures and Elongational Viscosities of Micellar Surfactant Solution

Brownian dynamics simulation is conducted for a dilute surfactant solution under a steady uniaxial elongational flow. A new inter-cluster potential is used for the interaction among surfactant micelles to determine the micellar network structures in the surfactant solution. The micellar network is successfully simulated. It is formed at low elongation rates and destroyed by high elongation rates. The computed elongational viscosities show elongation-thinning characteristics. The relationship between the elongational viscosities and the microstructure of the surfactant solution is revealed.
ESPAR‐inspired mechanical beam steering antenna with high gain and wide bandwidth performance

This article presents electrically steerable passive array radiator inspired high gain, mechanical beam steering configuration, operating in the wide frequency band with frequency dependent radiation characteristics. Monopole antenna in combination with twelve parasitic elements is fed through impedance matching network and offered impedance bandwidth of 32.0% and approximate gain of 9.0 dBi.
Final determination of the Boltzmann constant by dielectric-constant gas thermometry

Gaiser et al published in 2013 (Metrologia 50 L7–11) a second, improved value of the Boltzmann constant k determined by dielectric-constant gas thermometry at the triple point of water (k = 1.380 6509 × 10−23 J K−1, relative standard uncertainty 4.3 parts per million (4.3 ppm)). Subsequently, the uncertainty was able to be reduced to 4.0 ppm by reanalysing the pressure measurement. Since 2013, further progress regarding this primary-thermometry method has been achieved in terms of the design and the assembly of the measuring capacitors, the determination of their effective compressibility, the sensitivity of the capacitance bridge, and the scattering and the evaluation of the data. Based on a huge amount of data, two new k values have been obtained by applying two different capacitors. The combination of these two values with the 2013 result, fully taking into account the correlations, has yielded a final result of k = 1.380 6482 × 10−23 J K−1 with a relative standard uncertainty of 1.9 ppm. This value is about 0.2 ppm smaller than the CODATA 2014 one, which has a relative standard uncertainty of 0.57 ppm.
State Space Model Optimization for Hyperbilirubinemia Management using Truncated Balance Realization

Neonatal jaundice is a high bilirubin accumulation experienced in 60 % of newborns leading to permanent brain damage. However, bilirubin reduction time for an appropriate treatment is difficult to determine because of complicated bilirubin kinetics. This article presents a compartmental model optimization of bilirubin. The truncated balanced realization is employed to reduce complexity of the conventional bilirubin model. The compartments are determined by absolute value and argument analysis that are also able to simplify the conventional 3-compartment model to a 2-compartment model. The proposed models are verified with Berk and Brown 3-compartment models with focuses on the half-life and the trough point. Verification results showed that the half-life point of the optimized model is 20 min faster and the processing time to the trough point is approximate 8 % slower than the Berk model. In comparison with the Brown model, the half-life of the optimized model is similar the Berk model, and the processing time to the trough is 5 % slower than the original model. The proposed algorithm simplifies the complex compartmental models yielding comparable results, though it has to be traded off with a little slower time for the trough, and could well be developed into a high performance neonatal jaundice treatment system.
Large-scale perturbations from the waterfall field in hybrid inflation

We estimate large-scale curvature perturbations from isocurvature fluctuations in the waterfall field during hybrid inflation, in addition to the usual inflaton field perturbations. The tachyonic instability at the end of inflation leads to an explosive growth of super-Hubble scale perturbations, but they retain the steep blue spectrum characteristic of vacuum fluctuations in a massive field during inflation. The power spectrum thus peaks around the Hubble-horizon scale at the end of inflation. We extend the usual δN formalism to include the essential role of these small fluctuations when estimating the large-scale curvature perturbation. The resulting curvature perturbation due to fluctuations in the waterfall field is second-order and the spectrum is expected to be of order 10−54 on cosmological scales.
Developing the Preparation in STEM Leadership Programs for Undergraduate Academic Peer Leaders.

The authors introduce the Preparation in STEM Leadership Program at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. This NSFFunded program and research study creates a centralized training program for peer leaders that includes a battery of assessments to evaluate peer leaders’ content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, communication skills, and leadership practices over time. This article introduces readers to the program and its theoretical background, explains some lessons learned regarding the program design and implementation, and briefly describes preliminary findings on a broad-scale from peer leaders’ assessments intended to measure skills and content development.
Runnings in the curvaton

We investigate the scale-dependence, or the runnings, of linear and second order density perturbations generated in various curvaton scenarios. We argue that the second order perturbations, i.e. non-Gaussianity, can strongly depend on the scale, even when the linear perturbations are nearly scale-invariant. We present analytic formulae for the runnings from curvatons with general energy potentials, and clarify the conditions under which fNL becomes strongly scale-dependent. From the point of view of the fNL running, curvaton potentials can be classified into roughly two categories by whether the potential flattens or steepens compared to a quadratic one. As such examples, we study pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone curvatons, and self-interacting curvatons, respectively. The dynamics of non-quadratic curvatons and the behaviors of the resulting density perturbations are clarified by analytical methods. Then we also study models where multiple source can be responsible for density perturbations such as the multi-curvaton, and mixed curvaton and inflaton models where the running of fNL can also be large due to their multi-source nature. We make quantitative analysis for each curvaton scenario and discuss in what cases the scale-dependence, in particular, of fNL can be large enough to be probed with future CMB experiments.
Influence of the Jahn-Teller effect on the linewidth of the Mössbauer spectra of natural spinels

The temperature dependence of the Mössbauer doublet linewidth of tetrahedrally coordinated Fe2+ ions, distorted by the Jahn-Teller effect, was analysed by means of a new mathematical approach. The idea was that the linewidth depends on a distribution of quadrupole splittings that are in turn dependent on temperature. The variation of the quadrupole splitting was supposed to be connected with the temperature dependent population of the ground state Eg orbitals, split by the local Jahn-Teller effect. The model was applied to three sets of experimental data. The barrier splitting between the two Eg electronic states as well as their widths, , were obtained.