Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unit conversion in pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method for liquid-vapor phase change simulations

Pseudopotential Lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is an effective mesoscopic method for liquid-vapor phase change simulations. In LB methods, calculations are often carried out in lattice units. Thus, a correct mapping from the lattice unit system to the physical unit system is crucial for accurate simulations of practical problems. The unit conversion for liquid-vapor phase change problems is more complicated than single-phase problems, because an equation of state (EOS) for a non-ideal fluid is introduced in the pseudopotential two-phase model. In the present work, a novel unit conversion method for the pseudopotential LB model is proposed. The basic strategy is to obtain the conversion relations of fundamental units by mapping the surface tension and EOS parameters related to fluid properties, and thus the unit conversion relations of other quantities are deduced. Numerical simulations of benchmark problems including the film evaporation and the bubble heterogeneous nucleation from a V-shaped cavity are carried out, and the simulation results are converted to the physical unit system by the proposed method. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method is able to recover the physical-unit latent heat of the fluid in the film evaporation problem. In the bubble nucleation from a V-shaped cavity problem, the conventional unit conversion method cannot derive the correct superheat temperature in physical unit, while the proposed method based on fundamental units recovers the critical superheat temperature which is consistent with the analytical result.
Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala Berry Promotes Antioxidant Response and Suppresses Glutamate-Induced Cell Death via SIRT1/Nrf2 Survival Pathway in Hippocampal HT22 Neuronal Cells

Excessive glutamate neurotransmitters result in oxidative neurotoxicity, similar to neurodegeneration. An indigenous berry of Thailand, Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala (CNP), has been recognized for its robust antioxidants. We investigated the effects and mechanisms of CNP fruit extracts on antioxidant-related survival pathways against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. The extract showed strong antioxidant capability and had high total phenolic and flavonoid contents, particularly resveratrol. Next, the protective effects of the CNP extract or resveratrol on the glutamate-induced neurotoxicity were examined in HT22 hippocampal cells. Our investigation showed that the pretreatment of cells with the CNP extract or resveratrol attenuated glutamate-induced neuronal death via suppression of apoptosis cascade by inhibiting the levels of cleaved- and pro-caspase-3 proteins. The CNP extract and resveratrol suppressed the intracellular ROS by increasing the mRNA expression level of antioxidant enzymes (SODs, GPx1, and CAT). We found that this extract and resveratrol significantly increased SIRT1 expression as a survival-related protein. Moreover, they also promoted the activity of the Nrf2 protein translocation into the nucleus and could bind to the promoter containing the antioxidant response element, inducing the expression of the downstream GPx1-antioxidant protein. Our data illustrate that the CNP extract and resveratrol inhibit apoptotic neuronal death via glutamate-induced oxidative neurotoxicity in HT22 cells through the activation of the SIRT1/Nrf2 survival mechanism.
Discharge Interventions for First Nations People with Injury or Chronic Conditions: A Protocol for a Systematic Review

Severe injury and chronic conditions require long-term management by multidisciplinary teams. Appropriate discharge planning ensures ongoing care to mitigate the long-term impact of injuries and chronic conditions. However, First Nations peoples in Australia face ongoing barriers to aftercare. This systematic review will locate and analyse global evidence of discharge interventions that have been implemented to improve aftercare and enhance health outcomes among First Nations people with an injury or chronic condition. A systematic search will be conducted using five databases, Google, and Google scholar. Global studies published in English will be included. We will analyse aftercare interventions implemented and the health outcomes associated. Two independent reviewers will screen and select studies and then extract and analyse the data. Quality appraisal of the included studies will be conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the CONSIDER statement. The proposed study will analyse global evidence on discharge interventions that have been implemented for First Nations people with an injury or chronic conditions and their associated health outcomes. Our findings will guide healthcare quality improvement to ensure Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have ongoing access to culturally safe aftercare services.
Exploring the Palynological, Chemical, and Bioactive Properties of Non-Studied Bee Pollen and Honey from Morocco

Bee products are known for their beneficial properties widely used in complementary medicine. This study aims to unveil the physicochemical, nutritional value, and phenolic profile of bee pollen and honey collected from Boulemane–Morocco, and to evaluate their antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activity. The results indicate that Citrus aurantium pollen grains were the majority pollen in both samples. Bee pollen was richer in proteins than honey while the inverse was observed for carbohydrate content. Potassium and calcium were the predominant minerals in the studied samples. Seven similar phenolic compounds were found in honey and bee pollen. Three phenolic compounds were identified only in honey (catechin, caffeic acid, vanillic acid) and six phenolic compounds were identified only in bee pollen (hesperidin, cinnamic acid, apigenin, rutin, chlorogenic acid, kaempferol). Naringin is the predominant phenolic in honey while hesperidin is predominant in bee pollen. The results of bioactivities revealed that bee pollen exhibited stronger antioxidant activity and effective α-amylase and α-glycosidase inhibitory action. These bee products show interesting nutritional and bioactive capabilities due to their chemical constituents. These features may allow these bee products to be used in food formulation, as functional and bioactive ingredients, as well as the potential for the nutraceutical sector.
Perceived Training of Junior Speed Skaters versus the Coach’s Intention: Does a Mismatch Relate to Perceived Stress and Recovery?

The aim of this observational study was to examine the differences between training variables as intended by coaches and perceived by junior speed skaters and to explore how these relate to changes in stress and recovery. During a 4-week preparatory period, intended and perceived training intensity (RPE) and duration (min) were monitored for 2 coaches and their 23 speed skaters, respectively. The training load was calculated by multiplying RPE by duration. Changes in perceived stress and recovery were measured using RESTQ-sport questionnaires before and after 4 weeks. Results included 438 intended training sessions and 378 executed sessions of 14 speed skaters. A moderately higher intended (52:37 h) versus perceived duration (45:16 h) was found, as skaters performed fewer training sessions than anticipated (four sessions). Perceived training load was lower than intended for speed skating sessions (−532 ± 545 AU) and strength sessions (−1276 ± 530 AU) due to lower RPE scores for skating (−0.6 ± 0.7) or shorter and fewer training sessions for strength (−04:13 ± 02:06 hh:mm). All training and RESTQ-sport parameters showed large inter-individual variations. Differences between intended–perceived training variables showed large positive correlations with changes in RESTQ-sport, i.e., for the subscale’s success (r = 0.568), physical recovery (r = 0.575), self-regulation (r = 0.598), and personal accomplishment (r = 0.589). To conclude, speed skaters that approach or exceed the coach’s intended training variables demonstrated an increased perception of success, physical recovery, self-regulation, and personal accomplishment.
Structural, Optical, Charge-Transport, and Dielectric Properties of Double-Perovskite La2Co1−zFezMnO6 (z = 0, 0.2–1.0)

A series of double-perovskite La2Co1−zFezMnO6 (z = 0, 0.2–1.0) ceramics were synthesized using a well-established sol–gel method. The series of samples with a monoclinic phase and a P21/n symmetry were characterized by XRD, FTIR, conductivity, and capacitance measurement to extract charge-transport and dielectric characteristics at room temperature. The obtained IR spectra fitted well with the Lorentz oscillator model to calculate the damping factor, optical frequency, and oscillator strength and compared with the theory, which gave better agreement. The calculated activation energies from the Arrhenius plot supported the semiconducting nature of all samples. The temperature and frequency-dependent dielectric parameters, such as the real part (εr′), imaginary part (ε″) of the dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tanδ), and ac-conductivity (σac) were extracted. The dielectric constant (εr′, ε″) and dielectric loss (tanδ) were enhanced at a low frequency, while the ac-conductivity (σac) displayed higher values at higher frequencies. The enhancement in the dielectric parameters with increasing iron concentrations arose due to the higher surface volume fraction of iron (Fe3+) ions than the cobalt (Co3+) ions. The radius of the Fe3+ (0.645 Å) was relatively higher than the Co3+ ions (0.61 Å), significantly influenced by the grains and grain boundaries, and enhanced the barrier for charge mobility at the grain boundaries that play a vital role in space charge polarization.
Capturing and characterizing teachers’ noticing as basis for their classroom management in different career stages: a data paper

ABSTRACT Although various academic disciplines use data papers to support effective research practices, data papers are still uncommon in the educational sciences. Main goals of data papers are enhancing transparency regarding research processes and supporting data sharing among researchers and thus, open science. As many educational research projects include personal data often of minors, publishing raw data can be challenging due to privacy regulations and laws (GDPR). The present article aims at exploring how a data paper can contribute to open science and enhancing transparency regarding research and publication processes for educational research projects, often containing personal data that cannot be made openly available in its raw form. To this end, we describe a dataset of a research project on teachers’ noticing as basis for their classroom management. As this project includes rich process-tracing recording methods, the dataset is diverse and serves as basis for multiple analyses and publications while containing personal data of teachers and minors. By elaborating on the characteristics of the dataset, its gathering, analysis approaches and sharing preprocessed and anonymized data files, this data paper explores how to contribute to transparency and open science in educational sciences while acting within the boundaries set by privacy regulations and laws.
Does Cross-Border E-Commerce Promote Economic Growth? Empirical Research on China’s Pilot Zones

Whether the construction of China’s cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) comprehensive pilot zones can promote economic growth and social sustainable development is an important question worthy of discussion. This paper uses the difference-in-differences (DID) method to test the impact of the establishment of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones on economic growth and discusses the impact mechanism. The results are as follows. (1) The construction of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones can promote economic growth. After testing with parallel trend, placebo, and other robustness methods, the results are still valid. (2) The economic promotion effect of the construction of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones will be more evident in the coastal and eastern regions. The economic promotion effect of the first, second, and third batch of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones is clear. (3) The main ways that the construction of CBEC comprehensive pilot zones can facilitate economic growth are through urban digitalization, trade openness, and information service industry agglomeration.
Defending Against Bandwidth-Flooding Attacks

—Bandwidth-ﬂooding attacks are a type of Denial of Service attacks that target the victim’s tail-circuit. The stateless approach that the Internet takes with respect to routers makes launching such attacks, for a well large enough group of attackers (or a botnet) a trivial task to undertake. Despite the fact that DDoS have garnered attention from both the research community and popular media outlets over the last decade, the threshold for launching a successful network-ﬂooding attack remains frus-tratingly low. Through the selected papers, we explore three different approaches that we can use to mitigate bandwidth-ﬂooding attacks; ﬁltering malicious sources, enforcing admission control and regulating access to the common medium.
DDoS Attack Prevention for Internet of Thing Devices Using Ethereum Blockchain Technology

The Internet of Things (IoT) has widely expanded due to its advantages in enhancing the business, industrial, and social ecosystems. Nevertheless, IoT infrastructure is susceptible to several cyber-attacks due to the endpoint devices’ restrictions in computation, storage, and communication capacity. As such, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks pose a serious threat to the security of the IoT. Attackers can easily utilize IoT devices as part of botnets to launch DDoS attacks by taking advantage of their flaws. This paper proposes an Ethereum blockchain model to detect and prevent DDoS attacks against IoT systems. Additionally, the proposed system can be used to resolve the single points of failure (dependencies on third parties) and privacy and security in IoT systems. First, we propose implementing a decentralized platform in place of current centralized system solutions to prevent DDoS attacks on IoT devices at the application layer by authenticating and verifying these devices. Second, we suggest tracing and recording the IP address of malicious devices inside the blockchain to prevent them from connecting and communicating with the IoT networks. The system performance has been evaluated by performing 100 experiments to evaluate the time taken by the authentication process. The proposed system highlights two messages with a time of 0.012 ms: the first is the request transmitted from the IoT follower device to join the blockchain, and the second is the blockchain response. The experimental evaluation demonstrated the superiority of our system because there are fewer I/O operations in the proposed system than in other related works, and thus it runs substantially faster.
Replacement of rectrices by wintering White Wagtails: an experiment to examine effects of sex, age, and body condition

Adventitious replacement is regrowth of accidentally lost feathers outside usual molt periods. To examine the intrinsic factors affecting adventitious replacement, I conducted feather-plucking experiments on White Wagtail ( Motacilla alba lugens ) during the coldest time of the year. I examined sex, age class, and body condition of wagtails as potential factors affecting the ratio of the lengths of regrown rectrices (T4) to their original lengths. I captured and ringed 288 wagtails in January, plucked and measured the length of the right T4, and measured tarsus length and mass. I recaptured 121 of the wagtails approximately 6 weeks later, and plucked and measured their regrown T4s. In a modeling analysis of the ratio of original to fully grown T4, males regrew their T4s to lengths closer to those of their original T4s than did females. Males are presumed to need longer tail feathers than females. Differences in regrowth were not explained by age class. Both adults and yearlings must acquire sufficiently long rectrices for them to achieve full their functionality significance. Individuals in better condition tended to regrow their T4s to lengths closer to those of their original T4s than did individuals in poorer condition. Adventitious replacement may be influenced by body condition in those individuals that finished regrowing their rectrices early. In an analysis of the ratio of original to regrowing T4, the ratio for adults was greater than that for yearlings. Yearlings may be slower than adults to fill the gap left by losing a T4, or juveniles may have begun regrowth of their plucked T4s later than adults. Sex and body condition did not significantly contribute to the model. Because age-class difference in the regrowth speed of T4s might not be influenced by body condition, adventitious replacement is worthy of careful examination in the future in the context of life history strategies. adultos y los juveniles de primer año deben adquirir rectrices suficientemente largas para alcanzar la significancia funcional completa. Individuos en mejores condiciones tendieron a crecer sus T4 a largos más similares que las originales comparado con individuos en peores condiciones. El reemplazo adventicio puede estar influenciado por la condición corporal en aquellos individuos que terminaron el crecimiento de sus rectrices tempranamente. En un análisis de la razón de la longitud de la T4 original y la nueva, la razón de los adultos fue mayor que la de los juveniles. Los juveniles pueden llenar el vacío dejado por la pérdida de la T4 más despacio que los adultos, o los juveniles pueden haber iniciado el crecimiento de las T4 removidas más tarde que los adultos. El sexo y la condición corporal no contribuyeron significativamente en el modelo. Debido a que las diferencias en la velocidad de crecimiento de las T4 por clase etaria pueden no estar influenciado por la condición corporal, es importante la exploración cuidadosa del remplazo adventicio en el futuro en el contexto de las estrategias de historia de vida.
“It’s a matter of age”: Four dimensions of youths’ news consumption

News media in Switzerland are confronted with the challenge of not reaching young people, as youth-specific news platforms and formats are not used by the target group. Our study aims to determine how and where young people can be reached with news. It uses a mixed methods approach to analyze the expectations of young people towards news content and formats and to determine their news consumption patterns. The results show that young people’s news consumption is characterized by four dimensions: 1. duration and times of consumption, 2. news consumption habits and behavior, 3. restrictions, 4. media literacy. The significance of these dimensions varies between three age groups determined through the study. The news consumption of the 12-to-14 year-olds is strongly restricted by parents and school. This group consumes news mainly through media available at home. In the group of 15- to-17 year-olds, parental influence and restrictions decrease, while peer influence increases. This age group spends a lot of time on social media platforms where young people stumble upon news rather accidentally. Between 18 and 20 years of age, news consumption stabilizes, and individual patterns emerge. This age group accesses news via selected apps and social media channels. Young people in Switzerland prefer visual formats like pictures, videos, and memes. When scrolling through social media platforms, they come across news content which arouses their interest in certain information and leads them to search for it on media websites. Swiss Youth wants to be informed about relevant news or topics that are “in vogue”.
Bioimaging: Evolution, Significance, and Deficit

Bioimaging is a digital technology-based medical advancement which is still relatively new. It has to do with real-time visualization of biological processes. This innovative imaging technology combines anatomical structure with functional data such as electric and magnetic fields, motion which is mechanical, and metabolism to provide information on anatomical structure. It's a non-invasive procedure that gives you a bird's-eye view of the human body, with more depth and detail as you go. As a result, bioimaging is a strong tool for seeing the interior functioning of the organism and its disorders. Examples of bioimaging in the medical industry include X-ray and ultrasound pictures, MRI, 3D and 4D body images utilizing Computed Tomography (CT) scans, DEXA scans which is useful for assessing bone density in osteoporosis, and so on. Maximum-resolution, two-positive charge fluorescent excitation microscopy, fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer are some of the recent advancements in biological imaging. It provides us a cellular-level means of obtaining photographs of the entire body, anatomical locations, organs, tissues, and biological indicators. It may be used to aid illness management and therapy, as well as to detect, diagnose, and characterize the problems in clinical settings.
The logic of time representation

This investigation concerns representations of time by means of intervals, stemming from work of Allen (All83) and van Benthem (vBen83). Allen described an Interval Calculus of thirteen binary relations on convex intervals over a linear order (the real numbers). He gave a practical algorithm for checking the consistency of a sublclass of Boolean constraints. First, we describe a completeness theorem for Allen's calculus, in its corresponding formulation as a first-order theory LM. LM is countably categorical, and axiomatises the complete theory of intervals over a dense unbounded linear order. Its only countable model up to isomorphism is the non-trivial intervals over the rational numbers. Algorithms are given for quantifer-elimination, consistency checking, and satisfaction of arbitrary first-order formulas in the Interval Calculus. A natural countable model of the calculus is presented, the TUS, in which clock- and calendar-time may be represented in a straightforward way. Allen and Hayes described a first-order theory of intervals in (AllHay85, AllHay87.1). It is shown that the models of the theory are precisely the interval structures over an arbitrary unbounded linear order. An extension of the calculus to intervals which are union-of-convex is considered, introduced by concerns over the represention of interruptible processes. A taxonomy of necessary relations between union-of-convex intervals is given, and it is considered how to generalise to arbitrary non-convex intervals. Use of the extension is illustrated with an example of synthesising concurrent processes from high-level specifications. The extended calculus may be implemented in a high-level system with logic programming and data-types of sequence and set, and this feature is illustrated with a partial implementation of the TUS in such a system.