Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making smart investments to reduce unplanned down-time

Reproduction of this publication in any form without prior written permission is forbidden. The information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. GartnerGroup disclaims all warranties as to the accuracy, completeness or adequacy of such information. GartnerGroup shall have no liability for errors, omissions or inadequacies in the information contained herein or for interpretations thereof. The reader assumes sole responsibility for the selection of these materials to achieve its intended results. The opinions expressed herein are subject to change without notice. Unplanned application downtime causes havoc and great expense. Conventional vendor wisdom focuses on redundancy to improve availability. Redundancy, however, solves just 20 percent of the problem. Based on extensive feedback from clients, we estimate that, on average, unplanned application downtime is caused (see Figure 1): 20 percent of the time by hardware (e.g., server and network), OSs, environmental factors (e.g., heating, cooling and power failures) and disasters; 40 percent of the time by application failures including " bugs, " performance issues or changes to applications that cause problems (including the application code itself or layered software on which the application is dependent); and 40 percent of the time by operator errors, including not performing a required operations task or performing a task incorrectly (e.g., changes made to infrastructure components that result in problems and incur unexpected downtime). Thus, approximately 80 percent of unplanned downtime is caused by people and process issues, while the remainder is caused by technology failures and disasters. Improving availability requires a different strategy and set of investment choices for each of the three unplanned downtime categories. Technology Failures and Disasters: Despite being just 20 percent of unplanned downtime, these types of failures can be very catastrophic and result in a significant amount of downtime per incident (see Note 1). To mitigate this risk, enterprises should take the following steps. Monitor components for availability (since failure identification is the first step toward resolution). This is typically done with agents or sensors. Ideally, monitoring is predictive and warns the operator or vendor of potential failures prior to their occurrence. Buy vendor service contracts to reduce time to repair. Many vendors offer time-to-repair commitments for increased fees. Implement redundancy to ensure alternate processing capabilities in the event of a catastrophic failure. Data mirroring, clustering and diesel generators are examples of redundancies that limit downtime when failures occur. In comparing potential solutions, pay particular consideration …
Towards Systems Using WWW to Presume What Could and Would Have Happened

Given the opportunity to present our common sense retrieval research experiences to the participants of ”Computing Meaning and Understanding” organized session, we will introduce the theoretical side underlining the need of machines which are able to predict human’s behavior. By giving the real life applications the ability to guess user’s or actor’s previous or following actions we plan to widen the range of their applicability. In our presentation we will explain our latest achievements on this field and describe the problems while developing Web-based common sense retrieval algorithms.
Computer managed learning: its use in formative as well as summative assessment

The computer managed learning (CML) system in use at Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia is a mainframe-based computer testing system run through a central testing laboratory. Each year approximately 30,000 student tests are generated and marked by the system. Multiple choice questions are used almost exclusively although the system is capable of supporting a selection of question types. Most lecturers use the CML tests as one component of the unit assessment. Although the CML system is used mainly for summative assessment it has features that enable its use for formative assessment. One approach is to allow students to perform practice tests which do not contribute marks to their final assessment. Students can receive immediate feedback about their performance and so can test their knowledge about the topic and be shown where they need to improve. Of those lecturers who use the practice test facility, most allow a single practice test before the first assessed test. This paper summaries several studies demonstrating that those students who perform a practice test score higher marks on the subsequent assessed test. This effect is seen for students from a number of different subject disciplines. Further, the data do not suggest that this effect is due only to students becoming more familiar with the CML system, nor to the possibility that it is the more able students who choose a practice test. The findings seem to suggest that using the CML system as a formative assessment tool improves student performance on summative assessments.
A Reflective Object-Oriented Concurrent Language for Distributed Environments

報告番号: 甲09830 ; 学位授与年月日: 1993-03-29 ; 学位の種別: 課程博士 ; 学位の種類: 博士(理学) ; 学位記番号: 博理第2579号 ; 研究科・専攻: 理学系研究科情報科学専攻
Extended Transaction Framework: Technical Overview

(2R,3S)- and (2S,3R)-enantiomers of trans- beta -phenylglycidic esters, prepared by lipase-mediated enantioselective transesterification, are used for the synthesis of the taxol C-13 side chain with good yield.
Noise Margin and Delay Analysis of Half Stacked and Full Stacked SRAM Cell Design

In this paper we propose a half stacked and full stacked SRAM cell design for low power application. This based on the “Stacking Effect of Transistors” with stacking of the driver and the load transistors to reduce the total power consumed in the SRAM cell. The results obtained on basis of proposed half stack and full stack SRAM cell are compared and contrasted with the conventional SRAM cell with sleep transistor and normal mode transistor. The proposed full stack cell gives a 30% power reduction in the standby mode. In addition to these, the proposed cell has a superior Static Noise Margin (SNM) of 380mV at a supply voltage of 1.1V. The significant improvements in the results obtained validate our approach for the proposed stacked SRAM cell design for low power memories design.
The interactive effects of field dependence-independence and internet document manipulation style on student achievement from computer-based instruction

This study examined the relationships between two Internet document manipulation styles, scrolling and paging, and field dependence-independence in terms of achievement from an Internet-based tutorial. Participants from an urban university (n = 125) were administered the Group Embedded Figures Test to determine their level of field dependence-independence. The sample was then stratified into three levels (field dependent, field neutral, and field independent) and randomly assigned to two treatments. Each treatment was an Internet-delivered tutorial about the human heart. One was presented as a single web page that needed to be scrolled. The other was presented as a series of short web pages that were linked in a linear progression. Immediately after interacting with their assigned tutorial, participants (n = 98) completed four achievement tests and a computer experience questionnaire. The four tests evaluated their ability to reconstruct the heart, to discriminate and identify parts by name, to know facts, terms and definitions, and to understand the content and use it to explain the functioning of the human heart. Scores were compiled into a total test score for each participant. These achievement scores were analyzed using a 3 x 2 ANOVA. For this experiment, the results suggest that there was no interaction between document manipulation style and level of field dependence-independence in terms of achievement (F = .922, p = .401) nor was there a main effect for treatments (F = .002, p = .968). There was, however, a significant main effect for level of field dependence-independence (F = 5.813, p = .004). Post hoc analyses using the Tukey test for equality of means revealed that on average, field dependents scored lower than field neutrals or field independents. Based on the questionnaire responses, as a group, field dependents may have scored lower than the other two groups due to being mismatched on their preferred manipulation style. Furthermore, the scores of participants for whom English was a second language (n = 18) were analyzed separately. The mean achievement scores for the ESL scrolling groups were lower than the paging groups.
Orchestrating WSRF-based Grid Services

Grid computing aims to create an accessible virtual super- computer by integrating distributed computers to form a parallel in- frastructure for processing applications. To enable service-oriented Grid computing, the Grid computing architecture was aligned with current Web service technologies. Thereby making it possible for Grid appli- cations to be exposed as Web services. The WSRF set of speciflcations standardized the association of state information with Web services (WS- Resource) while providing interfaces for the management of state data. Key to the realization of the beneflts of Grid computing is the ability to integrate WS-Resources to create higher-level applications. The Busi- ness Process Execution Language (BPEL) is the leading standard for integrating Web services and as such has a natural a-nity to the inte- gration of Grid services. In this paper, we share our experience on using BPEL to integrate, create, and manage WS-Resources that implement the factory/instance pattern.
Computational models of the perceptual, cognitive, and motor processes involved in the visual search of pull -down menus and computer screens

A major challenge in making software easy for people to use is to design screen layouts that people can search efficiently. This dissertation demonstrates that for this very important practical problem in the context of human-computer interaction, a detailed computational model of the mental and physical processes embodied in the human user provides detailed theoretical, empirical, and practical insights with which to understand the user and make fundamental improvements to software and hardware design. Specifically, these insights are relevant to addressing basic issues associated with graphical user interface design that relate to computational cognitive modeling, visual search, menu search, and manual motor control. This dissertation presents the first empirically validated computational models of the perceptual, cognitive, and motor processes involved in the visual search of pull-down menus on a computer, models that can be generalized to explain the processes involved in more general computer screen layout visual search tasks. The cognitive models are built using Kieras and Meyer's EPIC cognitive architecture. Major findings of the models include: For randomly-ordered menus, people consider more than one menu item at a time and adopt search strategies that are somewhat random and somewhat systematic. For numerically-ordered menus, people develop considerable knowledge of the locations of the menu items, but their ability to make predictive aimed movements to those known locations degrades for items further down in the menu.
Adaptive Process Management: An AI Perspective

Many domains of interest to the workflow community are characterized by ever-changing requirements and dynamic environments. Workflow systems must increase in sophistication to provide the reactivity and flexibility necessary to support their operational requirements for process management. Within the AI community, work on reactive control has lead to the exploration of techniques for intelligent process management to meet the requirements of adpativity for dynamic and unpredictable environments. Although motivated by somewhat different concerns and grounded in different perspectives, there is much overlap between the objectives and requirements of these two communities.
Design and Analysis of Robust Low Voltage Static Random Access Memories

Design and Analysis of Robust Low Voltage Static Random Access Memories by Daeyeon Kim Chair: Dennis Michael Sylvester Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) is an indispensable part of most modern VLSI designs and dominates silicon area in many applications. In scaled technologies, maintaining high SRAM yield becomes more challenging since they are particularly vulnerable to process variations due to 1) the minimum sized devices used in SRAM bitcells and 2) the large array sizes. At the same time, low power design is a key focus throughout the semiconductor industry. Since low voltage operation is one of the most effective ways to reduce power consumption due to its quadratic relationship to energy savings, lowering the minimum operating voltage (Vmin) of SRAM has gained significant interest. This thesis presents four different approaches to design and analyze robust low voltage SRAM: SRAM analysis method improvement, SRAM bitcell development, SRAM peripheral optimization, and advance device selection. We first describe a novel yield estimation method for bit-interleaved voltage-scaled 8-T SRAMs. Instead of the traditional trade-off between write and read, the trade-off between write and half select disturb is analyzed. In addition, this analysis proposes
Représentation orientée navigation d'environnements à grande échelle

Nous presentons une nouvelle representation hybride metrique/topologique/semantique appelee MTS-Maps concue pour la conduite automatique de vehicule autonome dans des environnements de grande taille d'interieur ou d'exterieur. Basee sur une representation generique, la sphere RGB-DL, elle permet de s'affranchir de la technologie du capteur utilise. Ces differentes couches permettent de traiter le probleme de localisation allant de la requete contextuelle jusqu'au calcul de l'erreur de pose utilise dans le feedback du controleur. Les resultats presentes montrent ses performances a la fois au niveau metrique par une experimentation de conduite automatique dans un environnement urbain et au niveau semantique par une comparaison avec une implementation recente d'une methode Bag-of-Words.
Measurements of the B ! D (cid:1) form factors using the decay (cid:1)

We measure the dependence of (cid:1) B 0 ! D (cid:1)(cid:2) e (cid:3) (cid:1) (cid:1) e on the decay angles and momentum transfer. The data sample consists of (cid:4) 86 (cid:5) 10 6 B (cid:1) B -pairs accumulated on the (cid:2) (cid:6) 4S (cid:7) resonance by the BABAR detector at the asymmetric e (cid:2) e (cid:3) collider PEP-II. We specify the three form factors by two ratios R 1 and R 2 , and by a single parameter (cid:3) 2 characterizing the polynomial representing h A 1 , the function which describes the momentum-transfer dependence of the form factor A 1 . We determine R 1 , R 2 , and (cid:3) 2 using an unbinned maximum likelihood ﬁt to the full decay distribution. The results are R 1 (cid:8) 1 : 396 (cid:9) 0 : 060 (cid:9) 0 : 035 (cid:9) certainties are the statistical from the data, statistical from the size of the Monte Carlo sample and the systematic uncertainty, respectively. In addition, based on this measurement, we give an updated value for the CKM matrix element j V cb j . decay, mediated by a weak virtual intermediate vector boson W
Image Description and Matching Scheme Using Synthetic Features for Recommendation Service

This paper presents an image description and matching scheme using synthetic features for a recommendation service. The recommendation service is an example of smart search because it offers something before a user's request. In the proposed extraction scheme, an image is described by synthesized spatial and statistical features. The spatial feature is designed to increase the discriminability by reflecting delicate variations. The statistical feature is designed to increase the robustness by absorbing small variations. For extracting spatial features, we partition the image into concentric circles and extract four characteristics using a spatial relation. To extract statistical features, we adapt three transforms into the image and compose a 3D histogram as the final statistical feature. The matching schemes are designed hierarchically using the proposed spatial and statistical features. The result shows that each feature is better than the compared algorithms that use spatial or statistical features. Additionally, if we adapt the proposed whole extraction and matching scheme, the overall performance will become 98.44% in terms of the correct search ratio.
Concepts of multifaceted social support in operational work in the lives of South African Police Service members

Orientation: The extensive role that social support plays in the lives of South African Police Service (SAPS) members outside of the expected work networks of professionals and colleagues should be further studied to reflect on the benefits received when handling the stressful and traumatic effects of operational work. Research purpose: The objective of this study was to describe the concepts of multifaceted social support network systems as perceived by SAPS members in the context of the Vhembe District (South Africa) in assisting them to deal with the effects of their operational work. Motivation for the study: There is still a call in social research to focus on the influence of different functions and sources of social support. Research design, approach and method: A descriptive phenomenological research design was used, and 20 SAPS participants were selected through purposive sampling. Unstructured,face-to-face interviews, field notes, telephone follow-ups and diaries were used to collect data which was subsequently analysed through phenomenological explication. Main findings: The results show that social support is not a linear process but is multifaceted,depending on specific operational settings. Furthermore, the social support network system identified is informed by the values of communal living in the Vhembe District as well as in the operational context in which the SAPS members work. Practical/managerial implications: The SAPS should help initiate and involve, during the debriefing of operational members, types and functions of social support that are dependent on organisational and community contexts. Contribution/value-add: This study makes a meaningful contribution to understanding that social support in the SAPS operational context is different from other contexts.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Branding and liberal autonomy

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Evaluation of the perception of Iranian nurses towards spirituality in NICUs

Holistic care is the evaluation of the physical and mental states of individuals. Considering the importance of spirituality in healthcare and its pivotal role as the first step toward providing spiritual care, this study was conducted to determine the perception of Iranian nurses towards spirituality in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Methods: This study was conducted on nine participants using qualitative content analysis. In addition, purposive sampling was used to select the participants. Study setting was the NICUs at hospitals affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews with the samples. Results: Three main categories were discussed in this study, as follows: 1) “Meaning of spirituality” with three subcategories of “connectedness to God”, “sincerity”, and “prayers or recourse to Ahl-al-Bayt”; 2) “nature of spirituality” with three subcategories of “peace of mind”, “nursing performance beyond physical health care”, and “problem-solving”; 3) “respect for spiritual beliefs” with two subcategories of “respect for beliefs and values” and “persistent faith”. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the perception of Iranian nurses toward spirituality is directly influenced by their religious tendencies, which denotes the importance of educational courses on spirituality for nurses. Therefore, it is recommended that nursing managers and directors implement training programs for the personnel in order to enhance spirituality.
The SMART Data Analysis Package for the Infrared Spectrograph on the < em > Spitzer Space Telescope < / em >

SMART is a software package written in IDL to reduce and analyze Spitzer data from all four modules of the Infrared Spectrograph, including the peak-up arrays. The software is designed to make full use of the ancillary files generated in the Spitzer Science Center pipeline so that it can either remove or flag artifacts and corrupted data and maximize the signal-to-noise in the extraction routines. It may be run in both interactive and batch mode. The software and Users Guide will be available for public release in December 2004. We briefly describe some of the main features of SMART including: visualization tools for assessing the data quality, basic arithmetic operations for either 2-d images or 1-d spectra, extraction of both point and extended sources and a suite of spectral analysis tools. Subject headings: methods: data analysis — techniques: spectroscopic — telescopes: Spitzer Space Telescope
The Impact of Sociodemographic and Psychological Variables on Quality of Life in Patients with Renal Disease: Findings of a Cross - Sectional Study in Greece

Background: Renal failure is a chronic disease that can have serious effects on patients’ quality of life (QoL). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of QoL to sociodemographic variables (gender, age, education, marital status) as well as clinical variables (self-reported mental health, depression and anxiety) in end-stage renal disease patients (ESRD). For this purpose, measures assessing QoL as well as mental health were used. Methods: A total of 144 in-centre haemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD/PD) patients were administered the WHOQOL-BREF, GHQ-28, CES-D and STAI questionnaires. Results: Age was found to have an effect on QoL’s physical and social domains, while education on the environment domain. Marital status was observed to have a relationship with the psychological and social domains. Conclusions: Being female, older, less educated and divorced/widowed may relate to a more compromised QoL in ESRD requiring individualized interventions.