Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Coupling of Copepod Assemblages and Hydrography in a Eutrophic Lagoon in Taiwan: Seasonal and Spatial Variations

Seasonal and spatial variations in the species composition and abundances of copepods in relation to hydrographic conditions in Tapong Bay, a tropical eutrophic lagoon in southwestern Taiwan, were investigated bimonthly in 2003. The water temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll a (Chl a) of the bay showed apparent seasonal changes, with cold, saline, low-Chl a water in the dry winter (Dec. and Feb.) in contrast to warm, fresh, and high-Chl a water in the rainy summer (June and Aug.). In all, 84 copepod species belonging to 15 families and 23 genera were identified. Parvocalanus crassirostris, Bestiolina amoyensis, Oithona oculata, Acartia sinjiensis, Acartia sp. , and Temora turbinata were predominant, and together they comprised 86.4% of the total number of copepods. Although copepod parameters showed no significant quantitative differences among seasons or sites, they showed apparent variations and succession in some months and at some stations, implying that different species may dominate different regions with different seasonal distribution patterns. These variations in copepod assemblages can also be seen from results of a principal component analysis of station groups and cluster analysis of species groups. The copepod assemblage showed larger variations in winter and in the inner bay than in other seasons and regions, and each station group displayed a distinctive distribution pattern. Our results suggest that even though removal of oyster culture racks in 2002 resulted in an apparent increase in zooplankton number, multiple environmental variables, such as food sources, wastewater discharges, tidal flushing, and climate, are still interactively influencing the distribution patterns of copepods as they were previously shown to be doing in the bay. http://zoolstud.sinica. edu.tw/Journals/47.2/172.pdf
Towards a potential landscape framework of microbiome dynamics

Microbiome dynamics influence the health and functioning of human physiology and the environment. These dynamics are driven in part by interactions between large numbers of microbial taxa, making large-scale prediction and modeling a challenge. Here, we identify states and dynamical features relevant to macroscopic processes, such as infection in the human body and geochemical cycling in the oceans, by modeling the dynamics as stochastic motion on a potential energy-like landscape. We show that gut disease processes and marine geochemical events are associated with reproducible transitions between community states, defined as topological features of the landscape. We find a reproducible two-state succession during recovery from cholera in the gut microbiomes of multiple patients. Recurrence of the late disease state prolongs disease duration. We find evidence of dynamic stability in the gut microbiome of a human subject after experiencing diarrhea during travel, in contrast to residual instability in a second human subject after clinical recovery from Salmonella infection. Finally, we find the structure of marine Prochlorococcus communities in the western Atlantic and north Pacific oceans to smoothly vary with temperature and depth. However, annual water column cycling in the Atlantic drives periodic state transitions across depths. Our approach bridges the small-scale fluctuations in microbiome composition and large-scale changes in state and phenotype, improves analyses of how changes in community composition associate with phenotype without requiring experimental characterization of underlying mechanisms, and provides a novel assessment of microbiome stability and its relation to human and environmental health. Importance Time series of microbial communities are difficult to analyze due to the large number of interacting taxa. We developed a novel analysis based on topology to detect compositional states and state transitions in microbial time series. Our method generalizes across biological systems and can identify gut microbiome dynamics associated with recovery from disease in multiple patients on the order of weeks, and marine bacterial dynamics driven by geochemical cycling on the order of years. We furthermore propose a novel definition of ecological stability that distinguishes between complete and incomplete recovery from infection in human gut microbiomes. Our method requires minimal assumptions regarding biological mechanisms. Overall, our analysis complements current methods for identifying key ecological processes in microbial communities, and suggests further developments in modeling that may improve prediction of microbial dynamics.
A Systems Perspective on IS User Satisfaction in Digitalized Organizations: Conclusions from Five Case Studies

We present a systems perspective on IS user satisfaction that is more appropriate in digitalized organizations than prominent streams of user satisfaction research from several decades ago that focused largely on voluntary, individual use of IT. We developed this perspective by analyzing five case studies commissioned by managers facing user satisfaction issues in important ISs. Direct quotations from recorded transcripts of 111 interviews from the cases illustrated that IS user satisfaction issues involved much more than the IS itself. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the interview data led to the conclusion that IS user satisfaction was formed as work system participants fulfilled responsibilities within work systems that produced product/services for internal and/or external customers. The information systems were integral parts of those work systems. IS users tended to evaluate an IS in relation to the extent to which it helped them perform their work activities and fulfill their responsibilities.
Impact of networking capability on organizational survival of SMEs: Mediating role of strategic renewal

Organizational survival (OS) is still in spotlight in management literature because of the threats posed by the uncertain and volatile business environment across the globe. Fierce competition among organizations and unstable business environment has made organizations to focus on their survival in first place. The main purpose of this study is to examine the role of networking capability (NC) having four dimensions i.e. coordination (CO), relational skills (RS), partner’s knowledge (PK), and internal communication (IC) of a firm in the assurance of its survival. The mediating role of strategic renewal (SR) in these relationships is also investigated. For testing these relationships, data was gathered from 469managers/owners of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and was analyzed accordingly. Besides descriptive analysis, correlations, and regression, mediation analysis were carried out by using Baron and Kenny’s approach and PROCESS Macros. The results proved that CO, RS, PK, and IC have significant positive impact on OS. Moreover, SR also has strong mediating effect on the relationships between NC and OS. This study has some meaningful contributions towards both theoretical and practical knowledge of the subject matter.
The Effect of Internal Migration on Regional Poverty in Turkey: The Determining Role of the Agricultural Sector

In Turkey, migration and poverty became two intersecting concepts -particularly after the 1990s. A great majority of those groups who live in cities on welfare benefits consist of people who migrated after this period. In this process, while internal migration increased employment pressures, it was also accompanied by a growth in the number of the poor people. This study explores how poverty changed in Turkey especially when people who left the agricultural sector migrated to areas where industry and service sectors were concentrated. The model created to reveal the potential effects of internal migration particularly in the period between 2008 and 2014 in addition to other factors affecting poverty was estimated using the panel data analysis. After the estimation, it was determined that migration originating from areas where agriculture relatively came to the forefront in terms of employment and production reduced the total number of the poor in the country. This finding indicates that leaving the agricultural sector to find a job and turning to industry and service sectors resulted in an income increase and had positive effects in terms of reducing the poverty. It was also found that migration to TR-1 Istanbul (which is among those areas taking the lead in terms of employment capacity), significantly differs from that of other areas in terms of influencing the total number of the poor in the country.
Microhabitat characteristics of sites used by swamp rabbits.

The swamp rabbit (Sylvilagus aquaticus) is one of the least studied North American lagomorphs; a better understanding of the habitat types it uses will improve management of this species. We studied microhabitat characteristics of sites associated with specific behaviors of the swamp rabbit. During spring-summer (15 April-1 October) and fall-winter (1 October-15 April) we examined sites used by rabbits for fecal deposition, browsing, and daytime resting. Sites were located in 3 different macrohabitats (mixed pine-hardwood upland forest, mature bottomland forest, and cut-over bottomland forest). We compared the microhabitat characteristics of these sites to the same measurements from a random sample of plots using logistic regression in each macrohabitat and season. Sites used for fecal deposition were distinguishable from random points based on the presence of downed logs, closed canopies, and greater basal area. Browse sites could not be predicted in 3 of the 5 combinations of season and macrohabitat. Additionally, we did not observe consistent relationships with microhabitat characteristics for browsing as each of the significant models included different predictive variables. Daytime resting sites were distinguishable from random points based on positive associations with percentage of the ground covered by shrubs and downed treetops, as well as herbaceous vegetation and negative associations with canopy closure and basal area. These results demonstrate for swamp rabbits that microhabitat features of a forest, such as canopy gaps, may be associated positively with certain activities and associated negatively with other behaviors. This implies, that microhabitat analyses for swamp rabbits and possibly other wildlife species can be improved by stratifying observations according to activity or specific behaviors prior to analysis.
Oat SNP Marker Discovery and Mapping Based on 454 Pyrosequencing of Genome-Reduced Avena magna Murphy et Terrell

Oat SNP Marker Discovery and Mapping Based on 454 Pyrosequencing of Genome-Reduced Avena magna Murphy et Terrell Rachel R. Redman Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, BYU Master of Science The size and complexity of the oat genomes (Avena L., x = 7) have made genetic studies, including the discovery of molecular markers, difficult. Recent attention to these species has resulted in the development of many DArT -based markers in the tetraploid A. magna Murphy et Terrill (2n = 28, CCDD genomes), along with numerous RFLP‘s, SSR‘s, DArT‘s, and EST-based SNPs in hexaploid A. sativa L. (2n = 42, AACCDD). Here we report the first SNP markers for tetraploid oat based on genome reduction and high-throughput pyrosequencing in two inbred lines of A. magna: A-169 (wild) and Ba 13-13 (domesticated). Initially, the genomes were reduced using restriction digests with EcoRI and BfaI and sequenced to produce 706,426 reads for both genotypes that were subsequently assembled into 57,048 contigs with an average read length of 345 bp. Comparisons of the contigs between the two lines resulted in the detection of 31,304 in silico SNPs. High Resolution Melt (HRM) and KASPar assays were used to validate 1,108 of these in silico SNPs across a panel of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid oats. Of the assays, 119 were validated using HRM and 384 using KASPar genotyping in the Fluidigm EP1 system. Both sets of assays were then mapped on a population of 117 F2:8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from the A-169 x Ba 13-13 cross. A map of the A. magna genome was then constructed. The markers and map provide a new set of genomic tools for tetraploid and hexaploid oat breeding and allow for tracking of genes controlling traits of economic importance and other interesting genes through the evolution of Avena.
Toxicity of Selenium Compounds and Nano‐Selenium Particles

Selenium is a necessary dietary constituent of at least 25 human selenoproteins and enzymes all containing selenocysteine. In excessive amounts, all selenium compounds become toxic in a dose-dependent fashion to cells in vitro and to the primary target tissue of chronic selenium toxicity, the liver. Elemental selenium of zero valence state has long been considered to be biologically inert. With bovine serum albumin or other dispersant agents such as polysaccharide, biologically active nano-selenium particles (Nano-Se) are formed from sodium selenite and glutathione. Different from the biologically inert black elemental selenium with coarse size, red Nano-Se manifests toxicity which conforms to the concern of nanotoxicity. However, compared with selenium compounds such as sodium selenite, selenomethionine and Se-methylselenocysteine, Nano-Se is not compromised in increasing the activities of selenoenzymes including glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase at nutritional levels and phase 2 detoxification enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase at supranutritional levels, but exhibits much lower toxicities. Nano-Se is thus a potential selenium source with a prominent characteristic of lower toxicity for supplementation. Keywords: toxicity; selenite; selenomethionine; Se-methylselenocysteine; nano-selenium particles
Selection of Lecanicillium Strains for Aphid (Myzus persicae) Control

To select efficient entomopathogenic fungal strains of Lecanicillium for the biocontrol of aphid, Myzus persicae, conidial suspension () was sprayed onto a detached Chinese cabbage leaf in a petri dish with a dampened filter paper that had 20 nymphs of aphid. Lecancillium strain 4078 and 6543 were the best strains for the biocontrol of aphid at high temperature of and low relative humidity (RH) of 85%, respectively. The cumulative mortality of strain 4078 at after 3 days was 100% and that of strain 6543 was 90% at 85% RH after 5 days. Strain 4078 also exhibited almost 100% germination ratio of conidia and high rate of mycelial growth at the broad temperature-range of . The strain 4078 and 6543 were all identified as Lecanicillium species based on the DNA sequences (accession no.: EF026004 and EF026005, respectively) of the ITS regions of the fungi. Excellent production of aerial conidia of strain 6543 was accomplished by using steamed polished rice as the solid culture medium.
Molecular dynamic calculation of lattice thermal conductivity of gold in the melting-crystallization region

Of all the metals, gold is the most well-known and widely used material in scientific research, industrial production and, more recently, in biomedicine problems. In the temperature range 300 ≤ T ≤ 2000 K, including the region of the melting – crystallization phase transition, the results of modeling the phonon thermal conductivity of gold are presented. Phonon thermal conductivity plays an important role in modeling the mechanisms of interaction of pulsed laser radiation with gold in the framework of the two-temperature continuum model. In the region of the phase transition, overheating-undercooling of the solid phase occurs, the substance changes its structure. These phenomena are associated with changes in the phonon subsystem of gold, therefore, for mathematical modeling of heatingcooling, it is necessary to know the characteristic of heat transfer as the thermal conductivity of the phonon subsystem of gold. Obtaining the temperature dependence of phonon thermal conductivity in such a wide temperature range from experiment is problematic. In this work, phonon thermal conductivity was obtained by the direct non-equilibrium method in the framework of molecular dynamics modeling using the EAM potential.
From ditch to delta : nutrient retention in running waters

Beken en rivieren transporteren nutrienten (vooral stikstof en fosfor), afkomstig van puntbronnen en diffuse lozingen, naar benedenstrooms gelegen meren en kustwateren. Dit leidt tot eutrofieringsverschijnselen in veel gebieden. Maar niet alle nutrienten die worden geloosd bereiken uiteindelijk de benedenstroomse wateren. Tijdens het transport vinden allerlei processen plaats, waardoor een aanzienlijk deel van de nutrienten wordt omgezet of vastgelegd in biomassa en het sediment. Het totaal van deze verwijderingsprocessen wordt aangeduid met de term retentie. Voor het voorspellen van het effect van maatregelen om de lozingen te verminderen (emissiereductie) is het noodzakelijk om kwantitatief inzicht te hebben in de nutrientenretentie. Daarnaast draagt kennis van de sturende factoren bij aan het ontwikkelen van ingrepen om de retentie te stimuleren. Het algemene doel van het onderzoek in dit proefschrift is het belichten van de lotgevallen van stikstof en fosfor in stromende wateren. Tevens wordt beoogd methoden te ontwikkelen om retentie te kunnen schatten en om ingrepen in wateren en stroomgebieden te kunnen beoordelen op hun effecten op nutrientenvrachten. Eutrofiering is een van de belangrijkste bedreigingen voor de biodiversiteit en het functioneren van het ecosysteem in Europese oppervlaktewateren. Overmatig gebruik van meststoffen in de landbouw wordt algemeen beschouwd als belangrijke veroorzaker van eutrofiering, maar het stellen van gebruikslimieten voor meststoffen om het water te beschermen zijn nog steeds onderwerp van wetenschappelijke en politieke discussies
Changes in Chemical and Mineral Contents of Awassi Ewes’ Milk During Lactation

This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and mineral contents of Awassi ewes’ milk during lactation. Morning milks of 150 Awassi ewes were taken once a week during 18 weeks of lactation. Mean values obtained from analyses of the ewes’ milk samples were 17.54% ± 1.35 for dry matter; 6.61% ± 1.33 for fat; 10.93% ± 0.44 for non-fat dry matter; 5.68% ± 0.48 for protein; 4.34% ± 0.27 for lactose and 99.05 ± 11.63 kcal/100 g for energy value; 0.149% ± 0.008 for titratable acidity; 6.72 ± 0.42 for pH; and 1.0334 ± 0.001 g/cm3 for specific gravity. The contents of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sodium of the samples were 395.2 ± 97.58 mg/100 g, 138.7 ± 22.38 mg/100 g, 119.9 ± 36.54 mg/100 g, 19.5 ± 1.65 mg/100 g, and 74.3 ± 11.75 mg/100 g, respectively. Results of the statistical analyses indicated significant lactational effects on the contents of dry matter, fat, and sodium (P < 0.01) and energy value, pH, titratable acidity, and specific gravity (P < 0.05).
The Association Between Workload and Needlestick Injuries Among the Nurses in the Hospitals Affiliated with Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences

Background: Thisstudyinvestigatedtheworkloadanditseﬀectsontheprevalenceof needlestickinjuries(NSIs)amongthenurses in the hospitals aﬃliated with Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences (AUMS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 416 registered nurses working in diﬀerent wards of the hospitals aﬃliated with Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences (AUMS) were randomly selected. Data collection instruments were a demographic questionnaire and NASA-TLX workload questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of NSIs in the total work experience and the last year were 72% and 50%, respectively. The mean total score of NASA-TLX calculated to the extent of 78.27 ± 12.2. The regression modeling demonstrated that NSIs signiﬁcantly correlated with patients treated/d (OR: 1.136, CI: 1.02 - 1.27, P value: 0.002), Timing of injury (OR: 2.13, CI: 1.20 - 3.79, P value: 0.010), and the third dimensions of NASA-TLX index (time pressure) (OR: 1.031, CI: 1.02- 1.05, P value: < 0.001). Conclusions: Thestudyshowedahighprevalenceof NSIsamongnurses. Correctivemeasuressuchasplanningtrainingprograms targetingatusingpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE),modiﬁcationof workschedulebylimitingworkinghoursandthenumber of shiftspermonth,andprovidingsuﬃcienthumanresourcesareessentialfortheeﬀectivepreventionof NSIincidentsamongthe studied nurses.
The Effects of Dietary Mulberry Leaves (Morus alba L.) on Chicken Performance, Carcass, Egg Quality and Cholesterol Content of Meat and Egg

Experiment I (Broilers) The experimental design was completely randomized. Two hundred and forty of 3 week old male broilers were divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates of 12 birds each. The protein and metabolizable energy content of basal diets were 20 % and 3,000 kcal/kg, respectively. The basal diets were supplemented with mulberry leaves at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 % of diet. The results demonstrated that feed intake, weight gain, feed efficiency, nitrogen and energy intake were not significantly different among treatments (P > 0.05). The carcass quality showed that carcass weight, dressing percentage and percent of abdominal fat pad were also not significantly different (P > 0.05). The blood cholesterol and triglyceride were significant (P 0.05). Experiment II (Layers) The experimental design was completely randomized and two hundred of 27 week old laying hens were divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates of 10 birds each. The protein and metabolizable energy content of basal diet were 16 % and 2,750 kcal/kg, respectively. The basal diets were supplemented with mulberry leaves at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 % of diet. The results found that feed intake, egg weight, egg mass, and egg quality were not significantly different among treatments (P > 0.05). The blood cholesterol was found to decrease (P < 0.05) at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 % of mulberry leaves inclusion. Likewise, triglyceride was also found to decrease (P < 0.05) at 0.5 to 1.5 % of inclusion. In addition, yolk cholesterol content was found to decrease and was significantly different (P < 0.05) at 2 % of inclusion.
Survival Rates and Stopover Persistence of American Woodcock Using Cape May, New Jersey, during Fall Migration

Cape May, New Jersey is an important stopover area for American woodcock (Scolopax minor,; hereafter woodcock) during fall migration along the Atlantic Coast of the United States. Previous research has indicated that many woodcock stop at Cape May prior to crossing Delaware Bay; however, little is known about survival of woodcock while using Cape May. To better understand woodcock survival on Cape May during fall migration and to estimate emigration rates for woodcock migrating through Cape May, we captured and marked a total of 271 woodcock with VHF transmitters and radio-tracked them weekly from November through early January 2010-–2013. Of the 271 marked woodcock, our radio-tracking efforts indicated that 131 migrated from Cape May, 57 remained on Cape May, 72 died, and 11 were censored. We used a multi-state model within Program MARK to estimate weekly survival and emigration probabilities for marked woodcock. Our best-supported model indicated that survival rate varied by year, but was constant by week within years. Weekly survival rate estimates ranged from 0.894 (95% CI = 0.834 – 0.934) in 2010 to 0.962 (95% CI = 0.928 – 0.981) in 2011, which equates to a 9-week period survival rate ranging from 0.365 (95% CI = 0.185 – 0.545) to 0.706 (95% CI = 0.541 – 0.870), respectively. The 2010–-2011 field season was marked by several large snowstorms during which a large percentage of marked woodcock died, whereas the other 3 years had more mild conditions and higher woodcock survival rates. Our best-supported model indicated that weekly emigration rates varied by year and week, with each year showing a different pattern of emigration from Cape May. Survival and emigration information will be useful in the development of future demographic-based population models for woodcock migrating along the Atlantic Coast. Proceedings of the American Woodcock Symposium 11: 146–153