Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-Functional Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Variants in Patients With Mental Disorders

Background: The G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is expressed across brain areas involved in emotions, reward and cognition, and modulates monoaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions. TAAR1 is stimulated with nanomolar affinity by 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM), an endogenous messenger considered a novel branch of thyroid hormone signaling. The human gene for TAAR1 maps to locus 6q23, within a region associated with major mental disorders. Materials and Methods: We screened a cohort of patients with major mental disorders (n = 104) and a group of healthy controls (n = 130) for TAAR1 variants. HEK293 cells were transiently transfected with: i) wild-type TAAR1 and ii) mutated TAAR1, either in homozygous or heterozygous state. Cell surface expression and Gs/adenylyl cyclase activation upon administration of β-phenylethylamine (PEA), T1AM, and RO5166017, were assessed. Results: We detected 13 missense variants in TAAR1 coding region, with a significant enrichment in patients as compared to healthy controls (11 vs. 1, 1 variant in both groups, p < 0.01). In silico analysis identified four dysfunctional variants, all in patients. Three of these—R23C, Y131C, and C263R—were functionally characterized. In cells co-transfected with wild-type and mutated TAAR1, we observed a significant reduction of cell surface expression. In heterozygosity, the three TAAR1 variants substantially dampened Gs signaling in response to PEA, and, more robustly, to T1AM. Co-stimulation with PEA and RO5166017 did not yield any improvement in Gs signaling. R23C, Y131C, and C263R are rare in the general population and map in functionally important highly conserved positions across TAAR1 orthologous and paralogous genes. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that disruptions of TAAR1 activity may be relevant to the pathophysiology of mental disorders, thereby providing a promising target for novel psychopharmacological interventions.
Biomass hyperdynamics as a key modulator of forest self-maintenance in a dystrophic soil in the Amazonia-Cerrado transition

In this study, we looked for differences in litterfall between cerradão (forest type) and typical cerrado (savanna type) and sought to relate the dynamics of vegetation with the biomass input and the possible positive effects of this process. We collected litter and tested the hypothesis that the cerradão, due to its greater biomass and higher dynamics, presents a higher litterfall and therefore a higher intensity of cycling and is more likely to self-maintain in poor nutrient soils. The total litterfall input was higher in cerradão (7.71 in 2011, 9.76 in 2012 and 8.70 Mg.ha-1.year-1 in 2013) compared to typical cerrado (3.84, 4.10 and 4.23 Mg.ha-1.year-1, respectively), confirming our hypothesis. These results demonstrated that the net primary production is distinct among the phytophysiognomies, with greater intensity in cerradão. This biomass hyperdynamics condition can promote nutrient cycling and its maintenance in dystrophic soils.
Co-Association Matrix-Based Multi-Layer Fusion for Community Detection in Attributed Networks

Community detection is a challenging task in attributed networks, due to the data inconsistency between network topological structure and node attributes. The problem of how to effectively and robustly fuse multi-source heterogeneous data plays an important role in community detection algorithms. Although some algorithms taking both topological structure and node attributes into account have been proposed in recent years, the fusion strategy is simple and usually adopts the linear combination method. As a consequence of this, the detected community structure is vulnerable to small variations of the input data. In order to overcome this challenge, we develop a novel two-layer representation to capture the latent knowledge from both topological structure and node attributes in attributed networks. Then, we propose a weighted co-association matrix-based fusion algorithm (WCMFA) to detect the inherent community structure in attributed networks by using multi-layer fusion strategies. It extends the community detection method from a single-view to a multi-view style, which is consistent with the thinking model of human beings. Experiments show that our method is superior to the state-of-the-art community detection algorithms for attributed networks.
LEFT-HANDED METAMATERIAL BASED ON DUAL SPLIT RING RESONATORS IN MICROSTRIP TECHNOLOGY

A new planar left-handed propagating medium consisting on a microstrip line with complementary split ring resonators (SRR) etched on the ground plane that produces a negative dielectric permitivity is presented. The necessary negative magnetic permeability is achieved by capacitive gaps periodically spaced along the strip conductor. Using EM duality theorem, it is shown that a complementary split ring resonator produces an equivalent response to that of a negative dielectric permitivity. In this way, the complete structure permits negative wave propagation in a narrow frequency band. The measured transmission coefficient in the fabricated prototype exhibits reasonable insertion losses in the pass band and high frequency selectivity. Thanks to the sub-lambda operation of the Dual-SRRs and its easy tunability, these structures are a potential candidate for the design of very compact microwave circuits based on left handedness.
Non Linear Dimension Reduction of Dynamic Model Output

Most advanced mathematical methods for the analysis of numerical model cannot cope with functional outputs of dynamic Modelica models. Principal component analysis is a well established method for dimension reduction, and can be used to tackle this issue. It relies however on a linear hypothesis that limits its applicability. We illustrate on a case study how the non linear method of autoassociative model overcomes this shortcoming and provides physically interpretable data representations.
New Model for Determination Practical of Decision Making Units in DEA

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) assigns a score to each production unit (Decision Making Unit - DMU) considered in the analysis. Such score indicates whether the unit is efficient or not. For inefficient units, it also identifies a hypothetical value as the target and thus suggests improvements to their efficiency. These suggestions are not applicable to some DMUs because they have lower efficiency values and thus it becomes very difficult to reach the efficient frontier. On the other hand based on an DEA analysis no further improvement for efficient units can be indicated. Nevertheless, it is important for management to assign applicable target for units. Based on possible variations in the input and output levels of DMUs, for efficient DMUs, new units which are more efficient than DEA efficient units can be created to form a new improved frontier. In the new Production Possibility Set (PPS), inefficient DMUs, have new and high score efficiency. Available bank branch data was used to illustrate the applicability of this theoretical development. The sensitivity of the results to the parameters defined by management in the model was also examined, which proved the robustness of the proposed model.
UV radiation, elevated CO2 and water stress effect on growth and photosynthetic characteristics in durum wheat.

Climate change studies are of considerable interest in agriculture and environmental science. The objective of this research was to investigate the changes in photosynthetic pigments and other physiological and biochemical traits of durum wheat exposed to ultraviolet A, B and C radiation, elevated CO 2 and water stress. The results showed that carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids and proline content increased significantly by decreasing ultraviolet wavelength compared to control. Elevated CO 2 increased only height and specific leaf area. Water stress induced a significant increase in carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, proline and protein content. Interaction of UV-C and water stress in ambient CO 2 increased UV screen pigments and proline content, while under elevated CO 2 these increments were alleviated. Interaction among UV-C radiation, elevated CO 2 and water stress demonstrated a significant decrease in Fv/Fm, chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrates and specific leaf area compared to control. The results of this experiment illustrate that increased UV radiation and water stress induces an increase of screen pigments and elevated CO 2 prevents accumulation of these pigments.
Designing Mu Robust Controller in Wind Turbine in Cold Weather Conditions

Due to wind turbine is in class of complex nonlinear system so the precise model of this plant is not accessible, therefore it can be categorized as an uncertain model. So, controlling of this system is a demanding topic. Many of schemes which presented for controlling of wind turbines investigate these systems in a good weather condition. However, many turbines work in severe weather condition. In this study, wind turbine is suggested in cold weather, and in ice on turbine blades which they are considered as uncertainties in the model. A robust controller is designed for the wind turbine, to control the pitch angle.
Behavioral and Early Developmental Biology of a Mouthbrooding Malawian Cichlid, Melanochromis johanni

5 Introduction 6 Objectives 7 Dominance and Territoriality 7 Courtship and Breeding 8 Reproductive and Developmental Biology 8 Background 8 Family Cichlidae 8 African Rift Valley 9 Lake Malaŵi 9 Conservation of the African Rift Lakes 10 Study species 11 Characterizing a species 11 Dominance 11 Territoriality 12 Courtship and Breeding 13 Reproductive and Developmental Biology 13 Methods 14 Behavioral Studies 14 General Observations 14 Dominance Observation 15 Territory and Shared Dominance Observation 16
Title Detection of circulating tumor cells by p 75 NTR expression inpatients with esophageal cancer

Background: The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to assess the use of p75NTR in detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in ESCC. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and p75NTR was detected in 23 ESCC patients (13 received chemoor chemoradiotherapy and 10 received curative surgery) and 10 healthy controls by flow cytometry. Results: EpCAM + p75NTR+ cell counts (average ± SD) were significantly higher in patients (n = 23, 16.0 ± 18.3) compared to controls (n = 10, 0.4 ± 0.9, p = 0.013). The sensitivity and specificity to differentiate ESCC patients from controls were 78.3 and 100 % (cut-off value 4.0), respectively. EpCAM + p75NTR+, but not EpCAM+ p75NTR− cell counts, correlated with clinically diagnosed distant metastasis (n = 13, p = 0.006) and pathological venous invasion in resected primary tumors (n = 10, p = 0.016). Malignant cytology was microscopically confirmed in isolated EpCAM+ p75NTR+ cells with immunocytochemical double staining. Conclusions: p75NTR is suggested to be a useful marker for clinically significant CTCs, which exhibit highly metastatic features in ESCC.
Is growth bad for the environment? Pollution, abatement, and endogenous growth

The authors investigate the implications of pollution as a byproduct of production and analyze how environmental concern affects the optimal rate of economic growth and optimal government policy. The government must levy taxes on income to finance both productive government spending and abatement activities. It must levy an optimal tax. Too high a tax rate harms prospects for growth and too low a tax rate is bad for the environment. The authors distinguish between two approaches to incorporate the environment into the model stock approach and the flow approach. The flow approach assumes that the level of environmental quality changes instantly if production or abatement levels change (this is relevant for analyzing externalities associated, for example, with noise). The stock approach assumes that pollution and abatement indirectly influence the environment by affecting the rate of change in the environment over time (this is more relevant for analyzing problems of acid rain). They conclude that: win-win situations (in which improvements in economic growth and environmental quality go hand in hand) cannot arise under the flow approach, but can arise under the stock approach - if and only if the intertemporal elasticity of substitution exceeds unity; and maximizing the economy's growth rate is never optimal unless consumers care nothing about the environment.
Depression influence on memory and executive functions in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, victims of the army conflict in Colombia.

Introduction: Post traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a neuropsychiatric pathology. It is characterized by the fact that the subject has been exposed to stressful situations which have caused them physical, emotional and mental instability in different aspects of their daily life. The subjects diagnosed with PTSD show a clinical picture of severe depression which is related to a deficit in their neurocognitive functioning, especifically in memory tasks (operative memory and inmediate verbal memory) and in executive functions (semantic verbal fluency, inhibition, planning and control of their immediate conduct). Objective: To indentify the influence of depression on memory and the executive functioning in patients with PTSD who are victims of the army conflict in Colombia. Methodology: Participants: 50 people diagnosed with PTDS, depression, and without dementia (35 men and 15 women) participated in this study. The individuals were enlisted from the unit of victims affiliated with the municipality of Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia in a period of time from 2015 through 2017, and a control group of 50 healthy subjects with the objective to compare the results and be able to establish differences and intra-group robust results. Results: Individuals with PTSD show a higher depressive symptomatology than the ones in the control group. It was found that depression is related to the deficit in the immediate verbal memory, operative memory, and the executive functions in subjects with PTSD victims of the army conflict in Colombia.Conclusion: It is necessary to make plans for functional neurorehabilitation for individuals diagnosed with PTSD in order to improve their quality of life and to slow down their clinical picture to a posttraumatic dementia diagnose. The government needs to create mental health policies designed to counteract this neuropsychiatric pathology ;our main goal ,and the neurocognitive functioning, neurobehavioral/emotional, individual, and family neurorehabilitation of people with PTSD victims of the army conflict in Colombia, thus preventing clinical pictures of post-traumatic alexithymia.
LINAC COMPLEX IN THE JAERI-KEK JOINT RNB FACILITY

Construction of the JAERI-KEK joint RNB facility has started from 2001 at JAERI-Tokai tandem site. In the first stage, the facility comprises a tandem accelerator, an isotope-separator on line and a linac complex. The radioactive nuclear beams (RNBs) are produced by a 36MeV 3-µA proton beam from tandem accelerator. The linac complex comprises a 26-MHz split coaxial RFQ and a 52-MHz interdigital-H (IH) linac. The beam energy is available in the range of 0.14 to 1.09 MeV/u. In the second stage, the RFQ/IH linac is connected to the JAERI superconducting tandem booster linac by adding a 2MeV/u linac between them. The extended linac complex can provide the maximum beam energies of 5 Mev/u for q/A=1/7 ions and 8 MeV/u for q/A=1/4 ions.
Initial Results of X-ray Imaging and Energy Spectrum Measurements of Hot Electron Plasmas in RT-1

To acquire spatial profiles and energy spectra of hot electrons in ECH plasmas, we installed a soft x-ray pinhole camera in RT-1. In this publication, we compare the results of an initial experiment using a mechanically supported dipole field coil with the measurements of plasma pressure for different microwave frequencies. The results indicate that the coil support structure was the major loss channel for the high temperature electrons.
Development of a Novel RF Waveguide Vacuum Valve

The development of a novel rf waveguide vacuum valve is presented. The rf design is based on the use of TE0n modes of circular waveguides. In the device, the TE01 mode at the input is converted into a mixture of several TE0n modes which provide low-loss rf power transmission across the vacuum valve gap, these modes are then converted back into the TE01 mode at the output. There are a number of advantages associated with the absence of surface fields in the region of the valve: • Possibility to use commercially available vacuum valves equipped with two specially designed mode converter sections. • No necessity for an rf contact between these two sections. • Increased potential for high power rf transmission. This technology can be used for all frequencies for which vacuum waveguides are used. In rectangular waveguides, mode converters from the operating mode into the TE01 mode and back again are necessary. Experimental results for the 30 GHz valves developed for the CLIC Test Facility 3 (CTF3) are presented showing in particular that the rf power transmission losses are below 1%. The rf waveguide vacuum valve installed in CTF3 has been tested with high power and is now in routine operation at power levels up to 40 MW and pulse length of 70 ns.
Extremophiles and chemotrophs as contributors to astrobiological signatures on Europa: a review of biomarkers of sulfate-reducers and other microorganisms

Microorganisms occupy almost every habitable niche on Earth. Some of them may use inorganic or organic substances rather than light as energy sources. We refer to this group as chemotrophs in order to distinguish them from those organisms that use light as an energy source (phototrophs). Both chemotrophs and phototrophs are abundant in environments where one or more physical, or chemical parameters show values far from the lower or upper limits known for life. These ambient habitats are referred to as normal environments. When microorganisms succeed in adapting themselves to harsh niches they are referred to collectively as extremophiles (Seckbach 2004, 2006). We review arguments that militate in favor of microorganisms that in the past and present may have occupied other niches in the Solar System. Among the extremophiles we find representatives of the three domains of life (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya). Some of the possible candidates for life in the Solar System are the extremophiles including chemotrophs, especially sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB). Another example of chemotrophs are the methanogens. Those microbes are capable of producing methane as a metabolic byproduct of the reduction of carbon dioxide, a process that is called methanogenesis. Searching for new forms of life (within the extraterrestrial regions) is the object of planning within the Cosmic Vision Program of ESA, in collaboration with NASA, and other space agencies. Indeed, sulfur traces on Jupiter's moon Europa detected by the Galileo mission have been conjectured to be endogenic, most likely of cryovolcanic origin, due to their non-uniform distribution in patches. The Galileo space probe first detected the sulfur compounds, as well as revealing that this moon almost certainly has a volcanically heated and potentially habitable ocean hiding beneath Europa surface layer of icy water. In this paper we restrict our attention to possible biomarkers that could signal on Europa the presence extremophiles in general and chemotrophs, especially the presence of sulfur reducers.
The SILCC project - III. Regulation of star formation and outflows by stellar winds and supernovae

We study the impact of stellar winds and supernovae on the multiphase interstellar medium using three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations carried out with FLASH. The selected galactic disc region has a size of (500 pc)(2) x +/- 5 kpc and a gas surface density of 10M(circle dot) pc(-2). The simulations include an external stellar potential and gas self-gravity, radiative cooling and diffuse heating, sink particles representing star clusters, stellar winds from these clusters that combine the winds from individual massive stars by following their evolution tracks, and subsequent supernova explosions. Dust and gas (self-) shielding is followed to compute the chemical state of the gas with a chemical network. We find that stellar winds can regulate star (cluster) formation. Since the winds suppress the accretion of fresh gas soon after the cluster has formed, they lead to clusters that have lower average masses (10(2)-10(4.3)M(circle dot)) and form on shorter time-scales (10(-3)-10 Myr). In particular, we find an anticorrelation of cluster mass and accretion time-scale. Without winds, the star clusters easily grow to larger masses for similar to 5 Myr until the first supernova explodes. Overall, the most massive stars provide the most wind energy input, while objects beginning their evolution as B-type stars contribute most of the supernova energy input. A significant outflow from the disc (mass loading greater than or similar to 1 at 1 kpc) can be launched by thermal gas pressure if more than 50 per cent of the volume near the disc mid-plane can be heated to T > 3 x 10(5) K. Stellar winds alone cannot create a hot volume-filling phase. The models that are in best agreement with observed star formation rates drive either no outflows or weak outflows.
Predicting periodic and chaotic signals using Wavenets

This thesis discusses forecasting periodic time series using Wavenets with an application in financial time series. Conventional neural networks used for forecasting such as the LSTM and the full convolutional network (FCN) are computationally expensive. The Wavenet uses dilated convolutions which significantly reduces the computational cost compared to the FCN with the same number of inputs. Forecasts made on the sine wave shows that the network can successfully fully forecast a sine wave. Forecasts made on the Mackey Glass time series shows that the network can outperform the LSTM and other methods Furthermore, forecasts made on the Lorenz system shows that the network is able to outperform the LSTM. By conditioning the network on the other relevant coordinate, the prediction becomes more accurate and is able to make full forecasts. In a financial application, the network shows less predictive accuracy compared to multivariate dynamic kernel support vector machines.
Teaching Practices of Malaysian Science Teachers: Role of Epistemic Beliefs and Implicit Intelligence.

The present study investigated how science teachers’ beliefs about intelligence and their beliefs about knowing and knowledge acquisition influence their teaching practices. A total of 285 science teachers were participated in the present study. Our survey included three parts, namely: epistemological beliefs inventory, implicit theories of intelligence scale, and teaching practices scale. Results revealed that: (1) Malaysian teachers hold more eclectic beliefs in which they viewed teaching as a combination of student-directed along with some teacher-centered learning; (2) Malaysian teachers hold sophisticated epistemological beliefs; (3) Malaysian teachers were incremental theorists; (4) Teachers who hold sophisticated epistemic beliefs and incremental theorists were more likely to adopt student-centered practices; and (5) Teachers teaching practices are antecedents of epistemic beliefs and implicit intelligence beliefs variables. In conclusion, the present study shed light on how teachers’ beliefs influence their preference for teaching practices identified as either student-centered or teacher-centered.