Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Gem5 simulator and DineroIV cache simulator to analyse TLB and Cache statistics with multi threaded Parsec benchmarks

This paper analyses the unicore X86 architecture and records the Translation Look Aside Buffer and Level 2 Cache statistics. These statistics include collecting hits and misses for each memory instruction for both TLB and L2 cache. To bring these statistics together Gem5 simulator and DineroIV cache simulator have been used. After assembling these statistics system's performance can be inferred. Detailed issues related to this analysis have been discussed in this paper.
38 . WHAT DRIVES BUSINESS PROCESS STANDARDIZATION ? A CASE STUDY APPROACH

Business process standardization is of growing importance for both researchers and practitioners alike. Corporate experts and process owners meanwhile consider business process standards to be a prime action item and major instrument in a firm's BPM toolkit. An increasing number of scientific publications also show a growing interest of the scientific community. But to date IS research on business process standardization most notably is focused on the impact of business process standardization on business process performance abstracting away from a concise analysis of their antecedents. Therefore in this paper – based on an exploratory case study from healthcare industry – we provide a research model presenting three major antecedents of business process standardization: Top management support, involvement of the HR-, businessand IT departments and organizational governance/topology. As this approach is conceptual in nature future research should empirically evaluate our framework.
Analysis on the current condition of virtual reality and computer graphics and the applications on the digital media interaction

In this paper, we conduct analysis on the current condition of virtual reality and the computer graphics and the applications on the digital media interaction. We proposed the systematic review of the digital media interaction modes with the theoretical analysis of the virtual reality and computer graphics. Multimedia gateway is a separate control of the entire media interaction center core components, has the media docking and adaptation, multimedia intelligent routing, configuration and management, and other functions and at the center of the centralized control of all media interaction, the configuration and management of multimedia intelligent routing. With this basis, we integrate the 3D reconstruction methodology to propose the new perspective of the digital media interaction paradigm. The man-machine interface design principles should include the basic principles of general interface design, analysis and man-machine interface specification and the type of interface requirements. Our review summarizes the characteristics of the method well and in the future, the VR integration with the multimedia system and optimized re-construction method and image representation algorithms will be considered.
“Chronic Pain as a Variant of Depressive Disease”: A Critical Reappraisal

This paper critically examines the hypothesis that chronic pain is the physical manifestation of an underlying depressive disorder, as proposed by Blumer and Heilbronn in 1982 (Blumer, D., and Heilbronn, M. Chronic pain as a variant of depressive disease. The pain-prone disorder. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 170: 381–406, 1982). The logic of this argument and the empirical evidence provided by Blumer and Heilbronn to support their hypothesis are discussed and their validity challenged. Alternative interpretations for the results as well as for the relationship between pain and depression are noted. Although it may be plausible to view a small subset of chronic pain patients as manifesting a “muted depressive state,” the burden of proof still lies with those theorists who adhere to this formulation.
Multiple integration site of hepatitis B virus DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic active hepatitis tissues from children

Attention was directed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) integration in tissues obtained from an hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of an 11-year-old boy and from the liver of his 6-year-old brother, who had chronic active hepatitis. Multiple HBV DNA integration sites were demonstrated in both tissues. Cell population(s) in the HCC and liver from the patient with chronic active hepatitis were assumed to be heterogeneous with regard to HBV integration. The integrated forms in the two tissues showed similar genetic organization without gross rearrangement. The location of one of the virus-chromosomal junctions was restricted to the 5'-end region of the minus-strand DNA of HBV. The experimental results support our previous model for the mechanism of HBV integration, in which minus-strand replicative intermediates integrate into chromosomal DNA. The integrated HBV DNAs were conserved in the same region of the viral genome, spanning from the C gene through the S gene to the X gene, which contains intrinsic promoter-enhancer sequences.
Comparison of effects of static, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and Mulligan stretching on hip flexion range of motion: a randomized controlled trial

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of static stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching and Mulligan technique on hip flexion range of motion (ROM) in subjects with bilateral hamstring tightness. A total of 40 students (mean age: 21.5±1.3 years, mean body height: 172.8±8.2 cm, mean body mass index: 21.9±3.0 kg · m-2) with bilateral hamstring tightness were enrolled in this randomized trial, of whom 26 completed the study. Subjects were divided into 4 groups performing (I) typical static stretching, (II) PNF stretching, (III) Mulligan traction straight leg raise (TSLR) technique, (IV) no intervention. Hip flexion ROM was measured using a digital goniometer with the passive straight leg raise test before and after 4 weeks by two physiotherapists blinded to the groups. 52 extremities of 26 subjects were analyzed. Hip flexion ROM increased in all three intervention groups (p<0.05) but not in the no-intervention group after 4 weeks. A statistically significant change in initial–final assessment differences of hip flexion ROM was found between groups (p<0.001) in favour of PNF stretching and Mulligan TSLR technique in comparison to typical static stretching (p=0.016 and p=0.02, respectively). No significant difference was found between Mulligan TSLR technique and PNF stretching (p=0.920). The initial–final assessment difference of hip flexion ROM was similar in typical static stretching and no intervention (p=0.491). A 4-week stretching intervention is beneficial for increasing hip flexion ROM in bilateral hamstring tightness. However, PNF stretching and Mulligan TSLR technique are superior to typical static stretching. These two interventions can be alternatively used for stretching in hamstring tightness.
Accurate and efficient 3' processing of U2 small nuclear RNA precursor in a fractionated cytoplasmic extract

The small nuclear RNAs U1, U2, U4, and U5 are cofactors in mRNA splicing and, like the pre-mRNAs with which they interact, are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Also like mRNAs, mature U1 and U2 RNAs are generated by 3' processing of their primary transcripts. In this study we have investigated the in vitro processing of an SP6-transcribed human U2 RNA precursor, the 3' end of which matches that of authentic human U2 RNA precursor molecules. Although the SP6-U2 RNA precursor was efficiently processed in an ammonium sulfate-fractionated HeLa cytoplasmic S100 extract, the product RNA was unstable. Further purification of the processing activity on glycerol gradients resolved a 7S activity that nonspecifically cleaved all RNAs tested and a 15S activity that efficiently processed the 3' end of pre-U2 RNA. The 15S activity did not process the 3' end of a tRNA precursor molecule. As demonstrated by RNase protection, the processed 3' end of the SP6-U2 RNA maps to the same nucleotides as does mature HeLa U2 RNA.
Proprietary or open source software? Winner-takes-all competition, partial adoption and efficiency

Nous etudions les conditions reglant la diffusion du logiciel libre, par contraste au logiciel proprietaire. Les deux types de logiciels different par leurs couts d’adoption et le type de fonctionnalites qu’ils fournissent. Nous distinguons les utilisateurs de logiciels en fonction de leur capacite a contribuer a la production de solutions Open Source et caracterisons les equilibres de Nash dans un jeu sequentiel au sein duquel les utilisateurs choisissent entre l’adoption du logiciel libre, du logiciel proprietaire ou l’absence d’adoption. Nous trouvons que les scenarios d’adoption dependent des anticipations des utilisateurs et nous mettons en evidence des exemples pouvant donner lieu, selon l’etat des anticipations, a des issues de type winner-takes-all ou de type marche partage. De tels equilibres multiples etant seulement partiellement controles par l’editeur du logiciel proprietaire, nous montrons que la strategie de cet editeur peut se comprendre comme une sorte d’alternative entre une strategie prix bas/qualite elevee et une strategie prix hauts/qualite faible. Une analyse en termes de bien-etre donne aussi des resultats nuances. La seule existence d’une menace credible provenant de la presence potentielle d’un logiciel libre ameliore l’utilite des utilisateurs meme quand la solution proprietaire demeure en situation de monopole. La diffusion du logiciel libre peut cependant parfois engendrer parfois des conflits d’interet. Dans certains cas, le conflit n’est pas seulement entre les utilisateurs et l’editeur : une partie des utilisateurs peut avoir interet a privilegier solution dans laquelle le logiciel proprietaire s’impose alors que d’autres eprouvent un interet au partage du marche ou a une solution d’eviction du logiciel proprietaire.
Floor space allowances for the caged domestic fowl

The maximal cross-sectional area, the length and the width of 48 pure bred hens weighing between 1 and 4 kg were determined using a photographic technique. It is shown that the typical (2.4 kg) bird occupies an area of 637 cm2 but that this value is much affected by the degree of feathering. The same bird is 21.3 cm wide and 41 cm long. Space allowances for caged birds are discussed in the light of these data.
A Recommender System in the Cyber Defense Domain

Abstract : In the cyber domain, network defenders have traditionally been placed in a reactionary role. Before a defender can act they must wait for an attack to occur and identify the attack. This places the defender at a disadvantage in a cyber attack situation and it is certainly desirable that the defender out maneuver the attacker before the network has been compromised. The goal of this research is to determine the value of employing a recommender system as an attack predictor, and determine the best con guration of a recommender system for the cyber defense domain. The most important contribution of this research e ort is the use of recommender systems to generate an ordered list of cyber defense actions.
Geometry of *-Finite Types

Abstract Assume T is a superstable theory with < 2ℵ0 countable models. We prove that any *- algebraic type of -rank > 0 is m-nonorthogonal to a *-algebraic type of -rank 1. We study the geometry induced by m-dependence on a *-algebraic type p* of -rank 1. We prove that after some localization this geometry becomes projective over a division ring . Associated with p* is a meager type p. We prove that p is determined by p* up to nonorthogonality and that underlies also the geometry induced by forking dependence on any stationarization of p. Also we study some *-algebraic *-groups of -rank 1 and prove that any *-algebraic *-group of -rank 1 is abelian-by-finite.
Power distribution and soft handoff for downlink channels in cellular CDMA systems

Power distribution and soft handoff in cellular CDMA downlinks are studied in this paper. An optimum power distribution law is developed in order to guarantee the required signal-to-interference ratio for each connection. Based on this, soft handoff decisions are made at the mobile switching center for each connection based on the current channel conditions and resource availability in each cell. Simulation results show that soft handoff can improve the connection reliability and the system capacity in the downlink transmissions.
Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Binds to the mRNA Cap-binding Eukaryotic Translation Initiation 4F (eIF4F) Complex and Up-regulates Host Translation Initiation Machinery through eIF4E-binding Protein 1 Inactivation*

Background: HCV infection results in hepatocellular carcinoma. mTORC1 and eIF4E regulate tumorigenesis through translation initiation. Results: HCV, through NS5A, activates mTORC1 and eIF4E, resulting in enhanced eIF4F assembly. NS5A binds to eIF4F complex and associates with polysomes. Conclusion: HCV up-regulates cap-dependent host protein translation machinery through NS5A. Significance: Activation of host translation machinery might facilitate HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Initiation, a major rate-limiting step of host protein translation, is a critical target in many viral infections. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection results in hepatocellular carcinoma. Translation initiation, up-regulated in many cancers, plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. mTOR is a major regulator of host protein translation. Even though activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR by HCV non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) is known, not much is understood about the regulation of host translation initiation by this virus. Here for the first time we show that HCV up-regulates host cap-dependent translation machinery in Huh7.5 cells through simultaneous activation of mTORC1 and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) by NS5A. NS5A, interestingly, overexpressed and subsequently hyperphosphorylated 4EBP1. NS5A phosphorylated eIF4E through the p38 MAPK-MNK pathway. Both HCV infection and NS5A expression augmented eIF4F complex assembly, an indicator of cap-dependent translation efficiency. Global translation, however, was not altered by HCV NS5A. 4EBP1 phosphorylation, but not that of S6K1, was uniquely resistant to rapamycin in NS5A-Huh7.5 cells, indicative of an alternate phosphorylation mechanism of 4EBP1. Resistance of Ser-473, but not Thr-308, phosphorylation of AKT to PI3K inhibitors suggested an activation of mTORC2 by NS5A. NS5A associated with eIF4F complex and polysomes, suggesting its active involvement in host translation. This is the first report that implicates an HCV protein in the up-regulation of host translation initiation apparatus through concomitant regulation of multiple pathways. Because both mTORC1 activation and eIF4E phosphorylation are involved in tumorigenesis, we propose that their simultaneous activation by NS5A might contribute significantly to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Complications of cleft lip surgery.

Most would agree that the ultimate aim of cleft surgery is that the patient look well, feed well, and speak well. To achieve these goals much attention has been paid in the literature to individual techniques of lip repair, to the clinical results of palatal surgery, to the speech end-product, and occasionally to problems associated with cleft palate surgery. However , little, if any, attention has been paid to the study of mortality and morbidity accompanying cleft lip operations. The present report attempts to determine the incidence of, and the apparent causative factors in, the complications of cleft lip surgery. The review covers some 585 cleft lip repairs (Figure 1) performed over a 15—year period, from 1950 through 1964 inclusive, at the Children's Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh. The procedures were all done by qualified plastic surgeons of the University's faculty or by residents under their direct supervision. The immediate operative results have been examined to form a baseline for comparison in the future, not only for ourselves but for others subjecting their cases to critical analysis. In addition, a search was made for factors whereby the operative results may be further improved. The various types of cleft lip pathology are shown in Figure 2. The morbidity and mortality figures to be presented obviously represent children who have survived to an operative age of at least 10 to 12 weeks, for in this particular medical center the cleft child is not rushed from the delivery room to the operating table. Such practice would seem to have a definite bearing on both the operative mortality and morbidity. Admittedly, tissues heal well in the newborn, but the child of but 24 hours of age has not yet gone through a 'shake—down cruise' and there has not been sufficient time for the pediatrician to determine accurately what other defects might be present. There is a quite definite incidence of death of the infant (admittedly the more severely involved ones) in the first few weeks of life. Fogh-Andersen (3) reported a mortality rate of these patients during early life (before operation) at about 15%. In
Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in integrated photonic waveguides: forces, scattering mechanisms and coupled mode analysis

Recent theoretical studies of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) in nanoscale devices have led to an intense research effort dedicated to the demonstration and application of this nonlinearity in on-chip systems. The key feature of SBS in integrated photonic waveguides is that small, highcontrast waveguides are predicted to experience powerful optical forces on the waveguide boundaries, which are predicted to further boost the SBS gain that is already expected to grow dramatically in such structures because of the higher mode confinement alone. In all recent treatments, the effect of radiation pressure is included separately from the scattering action that the acoustic field exerts on the optical field. In contrast to this, we show here that the effects of radiation pressure and motion of the waveguide boundaries are inextricably linked. Central to this insight is a new formulation of the SBS interaction that unifies the treatment of light and sound, incorporating all relevant interaction mechanisms — radiation pressure, waveguide boundary motion, electrostriction and photoelasticity — from a rigorous thermodynamic perspective. Our approach also clarifies important points of ambiguity in the literature, such as the nature of edge-effects with regard to electrostriction, and of body-forces with respect to radiation pressure. This new perspective on Brillouin processes leads to physical insight with implications for the design and fabrication of SBS-based nanoscale devices.
Posaconazole vs. fluconazole as invasive fungal infection prophylaxis in China: a multicenter, randomized, open-label study.

BACKGROUND Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is common in neutropenic patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Posaconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal drug with efficacy in prevention of IFI; however, it has not been previously studied as prophylaxis in a Chinese population. METHODS This multicenter, randomized study in China enrolled AML and MDS patients with persistent chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Prophylaxis with posaconazole or fluconazole was administered for a maximum of 12 weeks, or until patients recovered from neutropenia and achieved complete remission or an IFI occurred. The primary endpoint was incidence of proven, probable, or possible IFI during treatment. Clinical failure rate, all-cause mortality and time to first systemic antifungal treatment were secondary endpoints. RESULTS Patients were randomized to receive posaconazole (n = 129) or fluconazole (n = 123); 117 patients in each group were included in the statistical analysis. The incidence of proven, probable or possible IFI was 9.4% (11/117) and 22.2% (26/117) in the posaconazole and fluconazole groups, respectively (p = 0.0114). The clinical failure rate was numerically lower in the posaconazole group (37/117 (31.6%; 95%CI: 23.3 - 40.9)) than in the fluconazole group (49/117 (41.88%; 95% CI: 32.8 - 51.4)) (p = 0.168). Patients receiving posaconazole had a later onset of first systematic antifungal treatment than those receiving fluconazole (p = 0.0139). The most common important adverse events were liver function abnormalities (11 patients (8.8%) on posaconazole and 6 (5.0%) on fluconazole (p = 0.221)). CONCLUSIONS Posaconazole demonstrates efficacy as prophylaxis against IFI in high-risk neutropenic Chinese patients and is well tolerated during long-term use (ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT00811928).
Centromeric breakage and highly rearranged chromosome derivatives associated with mutations of TP53 are common in therapy‐related MDS and AML after therapy with alkylating agents: An M‐FISH study

Multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (M‐FISH) was performed on bone marrow cells of 116 unselected cases of therapy‐related myelodysplasia (t‐MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (t‐AML), and the results were compared with those of previously performed with G‐banding. Among 18 patients with a normal karyotype, no cryptic chromosome aberrations were observed with M‐FISH. In 56 patients with a previously solved abnormal karyotype, only 17 new aberrations were identified, whereas 153 new aberrations were detected by M‐FISH in 42 patients with a previously unsolved karyotype. In total, 112 of the new aberrations were unbalanced translocations, and only nine were balanced translocations. A clustering of breakpoints was observed in the centromeric or pericentromeric region of chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 13, 17, 21, and 22 in 48 of 98 patients with t‐MDS and t‐AML and an abnormal karyotype, and was related to previous therapy with alkylating agents. In seven of eight patients with chromosome derivatives containing material from three or more chromosomes or having sandwichlike chromosomes, those made up of several small interchanging layers of material from two chromosomes showed mutations of TP53. M‐FISH had little impact on the prognostic classification of t‐MDS and t‐AML, as only three patients changed prognostic groups as a result of M‐FISH. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Domains of DnaA Protein Involved in Interaction with DnaB Protein, and in Unwinding the Escherichia coli Chromosomal Origin*

DnaA protein of Escherichia coli is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein required for the initiation of DNA replication from the chromosomal origin, oriC. It is also required for replication of several plasmids including pSC101, F, P-1, and R6K. A collection of monoclonal antibodies to DnaA protein has been produced and the primary epitopes recognized by them have been determined. These antibodies have also been examined for the ability to inhibit activities of DNA binding, ATP binding, unwinding of oriC, and replication of both an oriC plasmid, and an M13 single-stranded DNA with a proposed hairpin structure containing a DnaA protein-binding site. Replication of the latter DNA is dependent on DnaA protein by a mechanism termed ABC priming. These studies suggest regions of DnaA protein involved in interaction with DnaB protein, and in unwinding of oriC, or low-affinity binding of ATP.