Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery

Among surgical procedures for constructing a neovagina, positive outcomes are reported in literature for bowel vaginoplasty for male-to-female transgenders and patients with vaginal aplasia. This systematic review shows outcomes of bowel vaginoplasty procedures, and rates the quality of evidence of the included studies. A search of the literature was performed in PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library and SveMedþ, in accordance with the PRISMA statement, between January 2016 and February 2018. The PICOS (patients, intervention, comparator, outcomes and study design) approach was used as inclusion criteria. Among 251 analyzed studies only 34 met inclusion criteria. Quality of evidence and methodology were rated according to GRADE and MINORS, respectively. Data from the included studies were extracted based on study characteristics, participants’ specifics, type of intervention/treatment and type of outcome measures into data extraction forms. All studies were non-randomized with a high risk of bias and very low quality of evidence according to GRADE. Vaginal reconstruction with isolated bowel segments provides a self-lubricating neovagina with low rates of failure and revision, and without routine dilatation need. Furthermore, the use of laparoscopic techniques offers a better postoperative cosmetic appearance of the abdomen and a shorter hospital stay. Vaginoplasty using bowel segment is a safe and effective procedure that obtains excellent long-term results as reported by the included studies. Despite that further researches are needed improving methodology with larger populations, retrospective qualitative studies and report of outcome measurements using standardized evaluation tools as the Female Sexual Function Index. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 9 March 2018 Revised 8 May 2018 Accepted 23 May 2018
Incorporating the 1990 Farm Bill into Farm-Level Decision Models: An Application to Cotton Farms: Comment

The 1990 Farm Bill introduced planting flexibility options while at the same time imposing slightly different program participation provisions from those of the previous farm bill. An article published by Duffy, Cain, and Young (1993) in this journal presents a methodology to model farm-level decision making and program participation. Their model does not truly represent the set-aside and flex requirements when compared to actual program provisions. This comment addresses those shortcomings and proposes appropriate modifications to the model.
Evaluating the Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Hematological Parameters among Subjects with Chronic Periodontitis: An Interventional Study

Aim: With advancements in science and technology, our knowledge and understanding about the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and its impact on systemic health of humans has increased. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on hematological parameters among subjects with chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods: A total of 42 systemically healthy male patients with chronic periodontitis with age group between 30 and 55 years were included in the study. Hematological parameters evaluated from peripheral blood samples at baseline were hemoglobin (Hb) level, erythrocyte count [red blood cells (RBC)], erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Periodontal parameters like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded at baseline. Periodontal therapy including surgery, if required, was carried out in all the patients. Periodontal clinical parameters were repeated at 6 and 12 months. The hematological parameters again were recorded at the end of 12 months. Results: Data analyses showed statistically significant improvements in Hb levels and erythrocyte counts after periodontal therapy. Decreased value of ESR after treatment indicated resolution of periodontal inflammation. There was nonsignificant improvement in MCV value, and much lesser improvement in MCH and MCHC values. Conclusion: The result of the present study shows that periodontal therapy leads to an improvement in hematological parameters in chronic generalized periodontitis patients. It can also conclude that chronic periodontitis can lead to anemia, like other chronic diseases.
Disk and wind kinematics in MWC 349 A

Context. Recombination-line maser emission arising from MWC 349 A offers a unique possibility to study the disk kinematics and the origin of ionized outflows driven by massive stars. Aims. We aim to constrain the disk inclination and its kinematics as well as the main parameters of the outflow launching processes. Methods. We used the IRAM interferometer to measure the relative positions of the H30α centroid emission as a function of the radial velocity with an accuracy of ∼2 mas (2.4 AU) for the strongest maser features and ∼5 mas (6 AU) for the weaker line wings. Results. In addition to the east-west velocity gradient expected for a rotating disk, our data reveal for the first time the complex velocity gradients perpendicular to the disk that are related to the ejection of the ionized gas from the disk. Conclusions. From the comparison of the data with non-LTE 3D radiative transfer model predictions of the H30α line we conclude that the kinematics in the outer parts of the disk is represented by pure Keplerian rotation. We constrain the wind launching radius to less than 25 AU, much smaller than the gravitational radius of ∼150 AU. The ionized outflow seems to be launched from the disk surface because it is rotating in the same sense than the disk. Disk wind models seem to explain the inferred kinematics.
PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS OF ALBURNUS MOSSULENSIS MORPHOLOGY

The aim of the present work was to study the level of population structuring and differences among populations of Alburnus mossulensis in four river at west of Iran. Sampling was performed in summer of 2010 lasting one year, giving rise to 225 samples. Morphological characters were made on 29 characters. Principal components analysis is used to reduce the dimensionality of data, and to transform interdependent variables into significant and independent components. After logarithmic transformation of the variables, the PCA first and second axis accounted for 63.76 % of the total variance. Considering correlation and contributions, the first axis showed an opposition between morphological variation length parameter and length of fins. The second axis showed an opposition between scales in upper and down of lateral line. The third component consists of scale around the tail and forth component scales along lateral line. In present study, PCA revealed that morphometric differentiation between samples was largely located in meristic characters such as number of scale in upper and down part of lateral line, scales of the tail, soft and hard fin ray of dorsal and anal fin.
Social and peer influences in college choice

College is a high involvement decision making where students are expected to evaluate several college offerings before selecting a college or a course to study. However, even in high involvement product like college, students get influenced by opinion leaders and suffer from social contagion. This narrative style study, involving 98 first year students, was able to demonstrate that social contagion differs with regards to gender, ethnicity and personality. Recommendations from students with academically strong background would impact on the college choice of the undergraduate students and limit information search. Study was able to identify the incidence of anchoring heuristics amongst the students. Managerial implications with regards to design of marketing campaign follows at the end of the study.
Hong Kong identity and the press–politics dynamics: a corpus-assisted discourse study

This article uses corpus-assisted discourse studies to examine the discursive construction of collective identity in the Hong Kong press, particularly with regard to its relationship with mainland China. Drawing on critical discourse analysis and collective identity theory, it develops a set of analytical techniques amenable to quantification, and applies it to a corpus of newspaper coverage of the 2005 Hong Kong Chief Executive election. The article uses these techniques not only to develop a representative description and interpretation of discursive patterns, but also to offer an explanatory account of the discursive construction of Hong Kong identity. It shows that the discursive patterns vary systematically depending on newspaper ownership, commercial imperatives, and newspaper type.
JCB_201611113 1895..1906

1895 The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Cell Biol. Vol. 216 No. 7 1895–1906 https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201611113 Introduction Neurons in the brain form synaptic connections to generate neuronal circuits whose emergent properties include phenomena such as sensory perception, behavior, memory, and emotion. Information is encoded as electrical impulses in neurons and can be relayed from the presynaptic compartment of one neuron to a postsynaptic compartment of another neuron by the release of neurotransmitters. Neurons are postmitotic, with new neurons being formed very infrequently; therefore, most neurons and a majority of their synapses have to be maintained for the lifetime of an organism (Bishop et al., 2010). Synapses are also dynamic, as their properties can be changed by experiences such as stress or learning, a phenomenon known as synaptic plasticity (Glanzman, 2010; Christoffel et al., 2011). Therefore, if synapses become dysfunctional, the circuits they form are fundamentally altered and brain function is severely affected. This leads to the important question of how synaptic dysfunction arises within the presynaptic compartment.
Major clinical outcomes in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive participants and in those not receiving ART at baseline in the SMART study.

BACKGROUND The SMART study randomized 5,472 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with CD4+ cell counts >350 cells/microL to intermittent antiretroviral therapy (ART; the drug conservation [DC] group) versus continuous ART (the viral suppression [VS] group). In the DC group, participants started ART when the CD4+ cell count was <250 cells/microL. Clinical outcomes in participants not receiving ART at entry inform the early use of ART. METHODS Patients who were either ART naive (n=249) or who had not been receiving ART for >or= 6 months (n=228) were analyzed. The following clinical outcomes were assessed: (i) opportunistic disease (OD) or death from any cause (OD/death); (ii) OD (fatal or nonfatal); (iii) serious non-AIDS events (cardiovascular, renal, and hepatic disease plus non-AIDS-defining cancers) and non-OD deaths; and (iv) the composite of outcomes (ii) and (iii). RESULTS A total of 477 participants (228 in the DC group and 249 in the VS group) were followed (mean, 18 months). For outcome (iv), 21 and 6 events occurred in the DC (7 in ART-naive participants and 14 in those who had not received ART for >or= 6 months) and VS (2 in ART-naive participants and 4 in those who had not received ART for 6 months) groups, respectively. Hazard ratios for DC vs. VS by outcome category were as follows: outcome (i), 3.47 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-9.56; p=.02); outcome (ii), 3.26 (95% CI, 1.04-10.25; p=.04); outcome (iii), 7.02 (95% CI, 1.57-31.38; p=.01); and outcome (iv), 4.19 (95% CI, 1.69-10.39; p=.002 ). CONCLUSIONS Initiation of ART at CD4+ cell counts >350 cells/microL compared with <250 cells/microL may reduce both OD and serious non-AIDS events. These findings require validation in a large, randomized clinical trial.
Regular Frequency Patterns In The Classical Delta Scuti Star HD 144277 Observed By The MOST Satellite

Context. We present high-precision time-series photometry of the classical δ Scuti star HD 144277 obtained with the MOST (Microvariability and Oscillations of STars) satellite in two consecutive years. The observed regular frequency patterns are investigated asteroseismologically. Aims. HD 144277 is a hot A-type star that is located on the blue border of the classical instability strip. While we mostly observ e low radial order modes in classicalδ Scuti stars, HD 144277 presents a different case. Its high observed frequencies, i.e., between 59.9 d −1 (693.9µHz) and 71.1 d −1 (822.8µHz), suggest higher radial orders. We examine the progression of the regular frequency spacings from the low radial order to the asymptotic frequency region. Methods. Frequency analysis was performed using Period04 and SigSpec. The results from the MOST observing runs in 2009 and 2010 were compared to each other. The resulting frequencies were submitted to asteroseismic analysis. Results. HD 144277 was discovered to be aδ Scuti star using the time-series photometry observed by the MOST satellite. Twelve independent pulsation frequencies lying in four distinct g roups were identified. Two additional frequencies were foun d to be combination frequencies. The typical spacing of 3.6 d −1 corresponds to the spacing between subsequent radial and dipole modes, therefore the spacing between radial modes is twice this value, 7.2 d −1 . Based on the assumption of slow rotation, we find evidence th at the two radial modes are the sixth and seventh overtones, and the frequency with the highest amplitude can be identified as a dipol e mode. Conclusions. The models required to fit the observed instability range nee d slightly less metallicity and a moderate enhancement of the helium abundance compared to the standard chemical composition. Our asteroseismic models suggest that HD 144277 is aδ Scuti star close to the ZAMS with a mass of 1.66 M⊙ .
Sisters in the Sacred Grove: Catholic Women Religious as Faculty Members at Public Universities

This study addresses the lack of scholarly attention focused on educational contributions of Catholic women religious educators. Using a qualitative multiple case study, this research describes the academic experiences of Catholic sisters, or women religious, serving as faculty at public universities in the South. The study highlights issues related to gender, religious identity, environment, relationships, and experiences and perceptions of others as they pertain to the academic experiences of Catholic women religious. Implications of the study point to an underutilization of the outsider perspective which could potentially benefit the academy, as well as the need for diversity training in the academy. The study expands the knowledge base for subsequent research in the areas of Catholic women religious faculty members in higher education and religious identity of faculty members in higher education.
The Evaluation of the Analgesic Effects and Acute Toxicity of Methanol Extract of Pimpinella anisum.L in Male Wistar Rats

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pimpinella anisum is a medicinal herb widely used in the traditional Iranian medicine to cure digestive, inflammatory, and spastic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effects of methanol extract of Pimpinella anisum.L in mature male Wistar rats. METHODS: In this study, 48 male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups of control, treated with the Pimpinella anisum.L extract (50, 100, 200 mg/kg), treated with morphine, aspirin, extract with naloxone and extract with aspirin. Extraction was performed via maceration, rating and tail flick tests. In addition, formalin tests were conducted to evaluate the analgesic effects of the extract, and all the injections were performed intraperitoneally. FINDINGS: Co-administration of 200 mg/kg of Pimpinella anisum.L extract combined with aspirin was observed to produce significant analgesic effects (p<0.05) compared to aspirin alone, with a one-second reduction of time delay in the tail flick test. In the rating test, 200 mg/kg of the extract resulted in more significant analgesic effects compared to aspirin alone (p<0.01), reducing the number of abdominal contractions to 10. The acute toxicity of the extract was determined as 2125 mg/kg. CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the methanol extract of Pimpinella anisum.L could exert analgesic effects in both the acute and chronic phases of pain.
Suppression of Cluster Ions during Rapidly Increasing Particle Number Concentration Events in the Environment

We show that the cluster ion concentration (CIC) in the atmosphere is significantly suppressed during events that involve rapid increases in particle number concentration (PNC). Using a neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer, we investigated changes in CIC during three types of particle enhancement processes – new particle formation, a bushfire episode and an intense pyrotechnic display. In all three cases, the total CIC decreased with increasing PNC, with the rate of decrease being greater for negative CIC than positive. We attribute this to the greater mobility, and hence the higher attachment coefficient, of negative ions over positive ions in the air. During the pyrotechnic display, the rapid increase in PNC was sufficient to reduce the CIC of both polarities to zero. At the height of the display, the negative CIC stayed at zero for a full 10 min. Although the PNCs were not significantly different, the CIC during new particle formation did not decrease as much as during the bushfire episode and the pyrotechnic display. We suggest that the rate of increase of PNC, together with particle size, also play important roles in suppressing CIC in the atmosphere.
In Vivo Analysis of Arg‐Gly‐Asp Sequence/Integrin α5β1‐Mediated Signal Involvement in Embryonic Enchondral Ossification by Exo Utero Development System

Enchondral ossification is a fundamental mechanism for longitudinal bone growth during vertebrate development. In vitro studies suggested that functional blockade with RGD peptides or with an antibody that interferes with integrin α5β1–ligand interactions inhibited pre‐hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation. The purpose of this study is to elucidate in vivo the roles of the integrin α5β1‐mediated signal through the Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) sequence in the cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction in embryonic enchondral ossification by an exo utero development system. We injected Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐Ser (RGDS) peptides and anti‐integrin α5β1 antibody (α5β1 ab) in the upper limbs of mouse embryos at embryonic day (E) 15.5 (RGDS‐injected limbs, α5β1 ab‐injected limbs), and compared the effects on enchondral ossification with those found in the control limbs (Arg‐Gly‐Glu‐Ser peptide‐, mouse IgG‐, or vehicle‐injected, and no surgery) at E16.5. In the RGDS‐injected limbs, the humeri were shorter and there were fewer BrdU‐positive cells than in the control limbs. The ratios of cartilage length and area to those of the humerus were higher in the RGDS‐injected limbs. The ratios of type X collagen to type 2 collagen mRNA and protein (Coll X/Coll 2) were significantly lower in the RGDS‐injected limbs. In those limbs, TUNEL‐positive cells were hardly observed, and the ratios of fractin to the Coll X/Coll 2 ratio were lower than in the control limbs. Furthermore, the α5β1 ab‐injected limbs showed results similar to those of RGDS‐injected limbs. The present in vivo study by exo utero development system showed that RGDS and α5β1 ab injection decreased chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in enchondral ossification, and suggested that the integrin α5β1‐mediated ECM signal through the RGD sequence is involved in embryonic enchondral ossification. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
THEORETICAL FORMS OF SHORELINES

In previous publications Pelnard-Considere, Bruun and larras have d.erived theoretical shore formations. When doing so, it is necessary to idealize the conditions, such as a lxttoral transport by waves only, unvarying wave characteristics and a simple relation between the angle of wave approach and the littoral transport. Moreover various other simplifications have to be made in order to make it possible to handle the equations. The question may arise whether results, obtained from such an idealized situation, have any value for practical cases, where the conditions are much more complex and variable. The answer is no when we expect to obtain a true and detailed picture of the development of any particular stretch of coast. Such theoretical exercises can be of real value, however, because they help us to understand why and how certain formations come into being and how they are influenced by certain physical processes* This is the case for instance with such formations as deltas, spits and tombolos. We cannot say that we really know the function which determines the littoral transport. Up to now one of the simplifications in the mathematical treatment has been the restriction to stay within an area in which the values of <*. are so small that the transport may be assaned to increase in direct proportion to the increase of the value of o< ( c< being defined as the angle between the wave direction and the direction of the normal on the coast in the point considered)* However, experiments indicate that the littoral transport very likely reaches a maximum for a wave angle between 45° and 600. Interesting phenomena are bound to occur when this maximum is approached. With this in mind we have tried to introduce a transport function T « A sin 2ex. , having its maximum when oC « 45°.
Running head: Cross-priming amplification for avian reovirus The development and evaluation of cross-priming amplification (CPA) for the detection of avian reovirus (ARV)

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as an 'Accepted Article', doi: 10.1111/jam.12705 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Article Type: Original Article
Recent developments and innovations in red blood cells diagnostics

Although the diagnosis of anemia is a relatively simple and straightforward endeavor, since it is mostly based on the measurement of hemoglobin in whole blood, the accurate characterization of red blood cell (RBC) disorders has emerged as a mainstay in the era of precision (laboratory) medicine. The many technological advances occurred in laboratory medicine over recent times have enabled the introduction of a vast array of innovations also for RBC diagnostics, mostly represented by modular automation, digital hematology, innovative erythrocyte parameters and adaptation of disruptive technologies to laboratory hematology, especially mass spectrometry and molecular biology. These important breakthroughs have enormously contributed to broadening the diagnostic armamentarium and making more efficient and sustainable the diagnostics of RBC disorders. Some on these important innovations will be discussed in this article.