Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Capability Evaluation Based on Factors Analysis ------ Empirical Study Coming from China’s Provinces

With the increase of constraints factor of environmental resource, China has depended on science and technology (S&T) innovation to promote agricultural economy from extensive to intensive development, thus the quality and quantity of agricultural products could be improved. Therefore, many countries actively enhance the capability of innovation by strengthening the research input, policy support and better environment. This paper studied the factors that affect innovation capability of China’s 31 regions, and constructed a set of evaluation indicators systems based on factor analysis. The result shows that the innovation capability of eastern regions is the strongest, and the innovation capability of middle regions is stronger, then one of western is the weakest.
An oxidant, detergent and salt stable alkaline protease from Bacillus cereus SIU1

A novel soil bacterium, Bacillus cereus SIU1 was earlier isolated from non-saline, slightly alkaline soil of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. The isolate B. cereus SIU1 was grown in modified glucose yeast extract (modified GYE) medium at pH 9.0 and 45°C. It produced maximum protease at 20 h incubation. The enzyme was stable at pH 9.0 and 55°C. It was fully stable at 0.0 to 3.0% and moderately stable at 4.0 to 10.0% (w/v) NaCl concentrations. Whereas PMSF, EDTA and ascorbic acid were inhibitory, cysteine and β-mercaptoethanol enhanced protease activity. Calcium, magnesium, manganese and copper at 1 mM concentration increased the enzyme activity. Hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate, sodium lauryl sulphate, Triton X100 and Tween 80 significantly increased the activity, while protease remained fairly stable (52 to 98%) at 0.1 and 1.0% concentrations of commercial detergents. The halotolerant thermoalkaline protease of B. cereus SIU1 was highly active and stable in the presence of several modulators, oxidants and detergents, revealing its possible use in several commercial and biological applications.
European Economic integration and its impact on growth

This empirical study investigates the impact of European economic integration on the GDP growth rate by means of panel data regression analysis. The data sample consists of all 27 current members of the European Union over the time period from 1990 to 2010. Economic integration is measure by various different indicators. For most of these indicators, the stidy finds evidence that increasing economic integration leads to increases in the growth rate. Furthermore this study examines the possibility of asymmetric growth enhancing effects between large countries and small countries. No conclusive evidence is found that proves the existence of asymmetric effects of economic integration on the growth rate. Key words: economic integration, growth, Europe, EU, GDP
Utilization of Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) by Sheep

The forage selection and grazing behavior of sheep in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L. ♯3 EPHES)-infested pastures was examined in a 3-month grazing study conducted during the summer, 1981. No definite preference for or avoidance of leafy spurge was detected. An initial 1- to 3-week avoidance was observed, followed by a steady increase in leafy spurge consumption. A maximum intake of 40 to 50% of the diet per animal was observed. Weight gain by ewes in pastures infested with leafy spurge was not significantly different from weight gain by ewes in pastures free of leafy spurge. Results from these studies indicate that leafy spurge may be classified as a forage for sheep. Sheep will consume a significant amount of vegetation while suffering neither harmful internal effects nor a significant loss of body weight. Sheep can be considered an effective biological control agent for leafy spurge.
Traditional fermented protein condiments in Nigeria

Traditional fermented condiments (dawadawa, iru, ogiri) based on vegetable proteins, and consumed by different ethnic groups in Nigeria have been the pride of culinary traditions for centuries. It is evident that these products have played a major role in the food habits of communities in the rural regions serving not only as a nutritious non-meat proteins substitute but also as condiments and flavouring agents in soups. These condiments are being increasingly marketed throughout the country and beyond in informal ways. Differences in the chemical composition of fermented condiments are evident mainly because different ingredients have been used in their preparation. Traditional methods of manufacture should take advantage of biotechnological progress to assure reasonable quality and at the same time assure safety of these products. The requirements for a sustainable biotechnological development of Nigerian condiments are discussed in the scope of the microbiology and biochemical changes of the raw materials. Schemes to standardize the manufacturing stages are proposed. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of the role of starter cultures in the traditional methods of manufacture to ascertain appropriate nutritional quality and physical properties of the final product. Fermented vegetable proteins have potential food uses as protein supplements and as functional ingredients in fabricated foods. Relevant research and development activities are suggested.
NEURAL NETWORK MODELING IN SPORT BIOMECHANICS BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF SHOTPUT FLIGHT

In this study, a modeling method based on Multi-Layer-Perceptron neural networks (MLP) is presented, using the example of shot-put flight. This method can be used for rapid construction of models. For performance of shot-put, a physical model based on the shots’ equations of motion is easily designed. In this way, an analysis of the shot-put projectory can be used to illustrate the effectiveness of the neural network modeling method. Using the physical model, release data has been determined and altered with random errors such as those introduced by video analysis. A technique for optimal learning with the neural networks has been developed. The resulting MLP models the shot-put flight successfully. The difference between the model’s predicted distance and the distance reached by the physical model are within 2.5%. In conclusion, this method allows rapid creation of models to solve biomechanical problems and can serve as a useful tool for coaches and athletes.
Happiness as an effective factor in organizational commitment of managers

This study aimed to determine the effective factors in organizational commitment and the relationship between happiness and organizational commitment among managers of District Four of Islamic Azad University in Iran. The research methodology consisted of a descriptive survey and a correlation study, with data gathered through questionnaires and interviews. All the 590 senior, middle, and supervisory managers of District Four of the aforementioned university were included in the sample. The reliability and the validity of the instruments used were confirmed by experts and professors, as they were by Runback's alpha coefficient. A reliability coefficient of 0.71 for the questionnaires was obtained according to the calculations. The results of the survey of 259 managers who were selected at random showed that, as a whole, there was a significant relationship between organizational commitment and happiness, especially between happiness, efficiency, and organizational commitment. The other dimensions of happiness did not show a significant relationship. What seems important is that organizational commitment and increasing productivity have a certain relationship with happiness. Thus, this relationship must be given serious consideration in efforts to improve organizational efficiency. Key words: Happiness, organizational support, job satisfaction, affective commitments, turnover, efficiency, mental health, managers.
Firm investment behavior in Kenya

To promote growth manufacturing industry in Kenya, the government must address various chal-lenges that include low level of investment. But this first require that the policy makers to have under-standing of firm‟s investment behavior to inform possible policy interventions. This paper uses modest panel data analysis to explain how interest rate, firm size, cash flow, uncertainty and locality of a firm impact on firm‟s investment in Kenya. The study finds that the cash flow has a significant influence on investment and relatively smaller firms invest proporionally more than larger firms. The study thus recommends policy shift towards stimulating investment in small firms, relative to large firms and rolling out financing models to build capacity in emerging firms. Research paper Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Ng‟ang‟a, P. (2015). “Firm investment behavior in Kenya”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 81–104.
Reactivity of inorganic nanoparticles in biological environments: insights into nanotoxicity mechanisms

A deeper understanding of the behaviour of inorganic nanoparticles in biological media is needed not only to fully control and develop the potential of these materials but also to increase knowledge of the physical chemistry of inorganic materials when their morphology approaches that of molecular entities. Although this knowledge and control is not yet entirely acquired, industry and society are already using nanomaterials in greater quantities and in consumer products. As normally happens when something new arrives in society, the interest in the broader implications of this emerging technology has grown together with unfounded ‘nanoeuphoria’ and ‘nanoscares’. In this context, only by understanding the mechanisms of the nano–bio interaction will it be possible to safely develop nanotechnology. In this review, we discuss on how nanoparticles behave once they are naturally or intentionally produced and are exposed to humans and the environment. The response of nanoparticles inside organisms or released to the environment is complex and diverse, and depends on a variety of parameters involved. Mainly, they may (i) be aggregated into microscopic particles or embedded in exposed materials; (ii) the surfaces of the nanoparticles, which determine their bioactivity, experience constant modifications; and (iii) nanoparticles may corrode and dissolve or they can suffer morphological modifications.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN DOSES ON SEED YIELD, OIL, PROTEIN AND NUTRIENT CONTENTS OF SPRING RAPE

In this two seasons experiment, it was aimed to investigate the effects of different nitrogen levels applied to the soil on seed yield, oil, protein content and nutrient uptake of oilseed rape grown under field conditions. Three cultivars of spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus) viz., Lirawell, Semu 86/225 Na and Westar were used. The nitrogen doses applied to the soil were 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N/ha as ammonium sulfate. Nitrogen doses increased seed yield compared to untreated plants in all three cultivars. The highest seed yield was obtained from the plants which received nitrogen 180 kg N/ha for all three cultivars. The highest seed yield was in cultivar Semu 86/225 Na with 180 kg N/ha and the lowest one was in the Lirawell without nitrogen application. The protein contents in all three cultivars were increased with the highest nitrogen doses compared to untreated plants. However other nitrogen doses did not change protein content consistently. The changes in oil content were also not consistent among nitrogen doses and cultivars. Different nitrogen applications resulted in changes in nutrient levels in leaves of all the three cultivars.
2.9 - 8.4 GHz Filter Bank Using Stub-Loaded Multi-Mode Resonators

This paper consolidates the activity of design and fabrication of 2.9 - 4.32 GHz, 4.3 - 6.42 GHz, and 6.4 - 8.4 GHz filter bank. Novel compact microstrip bandpass filters with stub-loaded multi-mode resonators are proposed. Simulated results indicate that all the filters exhibit insertion losses less than 1.5 dB with passband ripples of 1 dB and sharp attenuations of above 40 dB in their stopbands. The maximums of input and output VSWRs are 1.742 and 1.734, respectively. Due to fabrication error, the initial measured passbands show frequency shifts and insertion losses in upper passbands deteriorate seriously. After tuning of the filter bank, measured results imply that the input and output VSWRs are found lower than 2.135 and 2.187, and the insertion loss in 1 dB bandwidth is less than 2.52 dB. Filter bank has a sharp skirt and out-of-band rejection levels approaching to 40 dB in all desired stopbands except at the frequencies near 2f0.
Dictionary Writing System (DWS) + Corpus Query Package (CQP): The Case of "TshwaneLex"

Abstract: In this article the integrated corpus query functionality of the dictionary compilation software TshwaneLex is analysed. Attention is given to the handling of both raw corpus data and annotated corpus data. With regard to the latter it is shown how, with a minimum of human effort, machine learning techniques can be employed to obtain part-of-speech tagged corpora that can be used for lexicographic purposes. All points are illustrated with data drawn from English and Northern Sotho. The tools and techniques themselves, however, are language-independent, and as such the encouraging outcomes of this study are far-reaching.
Effect of Buffer Composition, Sephadex Grade and Column Size on Filtration Based Quality Improvement of Semen from Murrah Buffalo Bull

Sixty semen ejaculates collected at weekly interval from four Murrah Buffalo bulls over a period of seven months (Nov.1999 to May 2000) were used in the present study. Three buffer medium (sodium citrate, TES and Tris) were used for soaking of sephadex. Three grades of sephadex (G-15,G-100, and G-200) were used for preparation of columns. Columns of three different height (one, two and three cm) were used for separation of semen. Twenty semen ejaculates were used in each project. In the first experiment each semen ejaculates was divided into four parts. One part was kept as control and other three parts were passed thought one cm column of sephadex G-15 prepared in three different buffers. There was significant (p 0.05) difference due to height of columns was observed for percent abnormal and percent damaged acrosome but 1 cm column comparatively gave better result than of 2 and 3 cm column height. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2003. Vol 16, No. 2 : 165-171)
Advancements in Bovine Rumen Microbial Ecology: A Review

Ruminants, cloven-hoofed mammals of the order Artiodactyla, obtain their food by grazing on plant material. The ruminants are distinguished from other mammals as they possess peculiarities for cud chewing, the process which is called rumination; hence ruminants. After the description given by Aristotle about the four compartments of the ruminant stomach, several experiments were performed to test the rate of passage of material through the alimentary tract (Spallanzani, 1776). In 1831, Tiedemann and Gmelin concluded that fermentation occurred in the rumen that leads to production of acetic and butyric acid in rumen contents. Another important product of rumen fermentation, propionic acid, was not identified until Elsden s research (1945) ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 7 (2015) pp. 105-121 http://www.ijcmas. com
Final Activity Report Extending QuEst with Word-Level Quality Estimation

The goal of this project is to investigate the word-level features for machine translation (MT) quality estimation (QE), such that the end users can obtain the quality predictions for words in translated segments. The plan is to design and develop such features and integrate them into QuEst (http://www.quest.dcs.shef.ac.uk/) – an open source (BSD license) toolkit for MT QE developed by the University of Sheffield. It has two main modules: feature extraction and machine learning. At model learning time it extracts features, it takes examples of source and translation segments labelled for quality, extracts a number of features describing these, and builds a quality prediction model. At 'test time', given a source segment and its translation, it produces a score indicating its estimated quality.
Identity, customer needs or risk-taking? Empirical analysis of the impact of brand, market and entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of Social Entrepreneurship Organisations (SEOs)

International attention is increasingly being drawn to Social Entrepreneurial Organisations (SEOs). This new category of business operates for the benefit of addressing social needs without excluding well-known business principles. Certainly, less attention has been given to the scientific discussion of SEOs; however, there is empirical evidence that the application of traditional management concepts is an important building block in the business model of SEOs. This raises the question of which strategic orientation SEOs follow to be successful. Do they focus on its mission, vision and values or do they aim to satisfy the needs of its stakeholders? How important are innovation and risk-taking? And what defines success in the context of SEOs? In this paper, a measurement of brand, market and entrepreneurial orientation in the context of SEOs is developed (45-item scale). It is also illustrated how the performance of SEOs can be measured (10-item scale). The developed and validated scales fill important gaps in SEO research and in overall research on strategic orientations. In addition, the proposed framework offers a springboard for future research projects on strategic orientations and SEO performance.
Evaluating the size and extent of paleolakes in central Tibet during the late Pleistocene

Subhorizontal lake shorelines allow a geodynamic test of the size and extent of a hypothesized paleolake in central Tibet, the East Qiangtang Lake (EQL), during the last interglacial period (marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e). Reconstructions based on relict lake deposits suggest that the EQL would have been ~400 m deep and over ~66,000 km2. Models of flexural rebound driven by lake recession predict that shorelines near the EQL center, at the present‐day location of Siling Co, would have rebounded 60–90 m above their initial elevation. New 36Cl chronology of the highest relict shorelines around Siling Co indicates that they reflect lake levels between 110 and 190 ka. These shorelines, however, are presently >300 m below their predicted elevations, implying a substantially smaller water load. Our results reveal that the expansion of Tibetan lakes during MIS 5e was relatively limited. Instead, individual lakes were supplied by river networks, much as they are today.
Berry, Craig and West, Graeme and McArthur, Stephen and Rudge, Anna (2017) Semi-supervised learning approach for crack detection and identification in advanced gas-cooled reactor graphite bricks. In: 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control

One of the life-limiting components of an Advanced Gas cooled Reactor (AGR) is its graphite core. The bricks present in the core undergo radiolytic oxidation throughout their lifetime which causes graphite weight loss and irradiation which can result in some of the bricks developing cracks. Understanding the nature and extent of brick cracking within the core is key to ensuring continued and extended operation of the AGR fleet. A semi-supervised machine learning classification algorithm is proposed as a method for improving the detection of cracked graphite bricks, by combining the labels derived from infrequent, detailed inspections of the core, with unlabeled, more frequent monitoring measurements taken during refueling operations. Semisupervised machine learning, which is an emerging field in nuclear power condition monitoring, is the combination of ideas from both supervised and unsupervised machine learning whereby the data that is used to train the algorithm is a combination of labeled and unlabeled data. This paper introduces the initial research that has been undertaken in creating a semi-supervised self-training algorithm to detect the presence of graphite brick cracks and then proceeds to show that there is an improvement in the classification of graphite bricks using a semi-supervised machine learning classifier compared to supervised machine learning classifiers. This improved classification performance is encouraging as it does not require time consuming and costly human analysis to obtain extra learning information from available data.
Evolving and coevolving computer go players using neuroevolution.

The Go game is ancient very complex game with simple rules which still is a challenge for the AI.This work cover some neuroevolution techniques used in reinforcement learning applied to the GO game as SANE (Symbiotic Adaptive Neuro-Evolution) and presents a variation to this method with the intention of evolving better strategies in the game. The computer Go player based in SANE is evolved againts a knowed player which creates some problem as determinism for which is proposed the co-evolution. Finally, it is introduced an algorithm to co-evolve two populations of neurons to evolve better computer Go players.
A sizable empirical literature relates a nation ' s Olympic performance to socioeconomic factors by adopting linear regression or a

A sizable empirical literature relates a nation's Olympic performance to socioeconomic factors by adopting linear regression or a Tobit approach suggested by Bernard and Busse (2004). We propose an alternative model where a nation's medal share depends on its competitiveness relative to other nations and the model is logically consistent. Empirical evidence shows that our model fits data better than the existing linear regression and Tobit model. Besides Olympic Games, the proposed model and its estimation method could also be similarly applied to other settings with competitions. Citation: Ang Sun and Rui Wang and Zhaoguo Zhan, (2015) ''A medal share model for Olympic performance'', Economics Bulletin, Volume 35, Issue 2, pages 1065-1070 Contact: Ang Sun ang.sun@gmail.com, Rui Wang wangr.11@sem.tsinghua. edu.cn, Zhaoguo Zhan zhanzhg@sem.tsinghua. edu.cn. Submitted: June 04, 2014. Published: April 22, 2015.
MODELLING THE EFFECT OF ACCESS TO INFORMATION, POLITICAL INTEREST AND POLICY SATISFACTION ON YOUTH ONLINE POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN MALAYSIA

The non-participation of youths in the politics of their nation is a global phenomenon. Yet not much research is being carried out in this area. Thus, this study conducted a cross sectional survey of 168 randomly selected Malaysian undergraduate students of Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) to find out if Access to Information on Facebook and Twitter (APIFT), Political Interest (PI) and Policy Satisfaction (PS) leads to Online Political Participation on Facebook and Twitter (OPPFT). Data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results of this study revealed there is a significant positive relationship between APIFT, PI and OPPFT, however PS was not significantly related to OPPFT. This shows that while PS does not lead to OPPFT among youths in Malaysia, APIFT and PI promotes OPPFT among this group. Consequently, access to information and political interest could be used to engender Malaysian youth’s participation in politics. Aside empirically adding to the growing body of knowledge on political participation, this study has implication both in terms of theory and practice in the field of political communication.