Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-Phase Boost Multilevel Inverter Based on Coupled-Structure Switched-Capacitor and V2SVM

Recently, a new type of three-phase boost inverters was developed by using switched-capacitor (SC) units to feed the traditional three-phase inverting bridge. With the cooperation of the coupled structure and a specific modulation strategy, this type of inverters has many attractive features. In this article, an SC-based multilevel inverter (MLI) with this coupled structure is developed by using a triple-mode SC unit with varied terminal voltage to feed the three-phase bridge. Compared with the existing topologies, the proposed SCMLI has advantages of higher boost factor and more output levels. In addition, with the improved virtual vector space vector modulation strategy, the capacitor voltage ripple is optimized by selecting the vector’s redundancy states, and the switching stress dv/dt of the end-side inverting bridge is reduced to two third of its blocking voltage. The topology, working principle, capacitors’ voltage ripples, and power losses as well as comparative study are analyzed in detail. Finally, its feasibility and performance are experimentally evaluated by a downscale prototype with a rated power of 1200 W and the measured efficiency is above 97.6%.
Design and Characterization of a Miniaturized Antenna Based on Palisade-Shaped Metasurface

A palisade-shaped metasurface (PSMS) is presented to miniaturize the micropatch antenna. With the aid of the metasurface, a footprint miniaturization is obtained, and the dual resonant modes are produced simultaneously. Furthermore, through analyzing the dispersion curve of the metasurface to optimize the structure, the proposed antenna achieves a compact structure with a maximum size of 0. 38λ02; a low profile of 0. 08λ0 (where λ0 is the free-space wavelength at 5.0 GHz) exhibits a 19.6% impedance bandwidth (S11<−10dB) and an average gain of 6.76 dBi across the bandwidth.
Effect of Physical Activity/Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Muscle and Vascular Aging

Functional status is considered the main determinant of healthy aging. Impairment in skeletal muscle and the cardiovascular system, two interrelated systems, results in compromised functional status in aging. Increased oxidative stress and inflammation in older subjects constitute the background for skeletal muscle and cardiovascular system alterations. Aged skeletal muscle mass and strength impairment is related to anabolic resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress and inflammation as well as a reduced antioxidant response and myokine profile. Arterial stiffness and endothelial function stand out as the main cardiovascular alterations related to aging, where increased systemic and vascular oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role. Physical activity and exercise training arise as modifiable determinants of functional outcomes in older persons. Exercise enhances antioxidant response, decreases age-related oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory signals, and promotes the activation of anabolic and mitochondrial biogenesis pathways in skeletal muscle. Additionally, exercise improves endothelial function and arterial stiffness by reducing inflammatory and oxidative damage signaling in vascular tissue together with an increase in antioxidant enzymes and nitric oxide availability, globally promoting functional performance and healthy aging. This review focuses on the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in aged musculoskeletal and vascular systems and how physical activity/exercise influences functional status in the elderly.
Flexible piezoresistive sensor matrix based on a carbon nanotube PDMS composite for dynamic pressure distribution measurement

Abstract. A highly flexible, piezoresistive sensor matrix based on a carbon nanotube (CNT) polymer composite is developed for pressure distribution measurement applications. With an overall height of about 400 µm, the sensors can measure pressure directly, without any deformation elements, such as a cantilever or a deformation membrane. The measurement range is from 2.5 to 640 kPa. Both the position and the pressure of the applied load can be measured and visualized as a resistance change. The relative resistance measurement deviation of the data acquisition system is lower than 3 % for the resistance range of 610Ω to 380 kΩ. This corresponds to a systematic deviation of pressure measurement of less than 3 % in the measurement range. Besides the measurement of pressure, different sizes of loads can be detected as well. The developed fast and compact measurement system allows dynamic pressure measurement, such as gait analysis when used in an insole application.
Conjugation involutions on homotopy complex projective spaces

This paper deals with one case of the following general question: To what extent do the global invariants of a smooth manifold M determine the symmetry properties of M? In particular, to what extent do the Pontrjagin classes of M imply restrictions on the symmetry properties of M? Some results on the latter question follow from the Atiyah-Singer Index Theorem; a discussion of such results appears in [18]. In studying this ques tion it is very useful to have a class of test cases. The following basic ap plication of surgery theory furnishes such a class:
Properties of MgB2 bulk

The review considers bulk MgB2-based materials in terms of their structure, superconducting and mechanical properties. Superconducting transition temperatures of 34.5-39.4 K, critical current densities of 1.8-1.0 x E6 A/sq.cm in self field and 103 in 8 T field at 20 K, 3-1.5xE5 A/sq. cm in self field at 35 K, HC2 15 T at 22 K and Hirr 13 T at 20 K have been registered for polycrystalline materials. As TEM and SEM study show, dispersed higher borides and rather big amount (5-14 percents) of oxygen (bonded simultaneously with Mg and B) can be present in the structure even if X-ray pattern contains only reflexes of well crystallized MgB2 with traces of MgO. Materials with such a rather high oxygen content demonstrated high superconducting characteristics. At present it is established that nanosized MgB12 grains provide effective pinning in polycrystalline material. Besides, additions can introduce the MgB2 structure inducing disorder in lattice sites (for example, C substitution for B). The disorder increases the normal state resistivity, magnetic penetration depth, and the upper critical field, but reduces the transition temperature and anisotropy. It is highly probable that the additives (Ti, Ta, Zr, SiC) together with synthesis or sintering temperature can affect the distribution of oxygen and hydrogen in the material structure as well as the formation of grains of higher borides, thus influencing superconducting properties. The superconductivity of materials with matrix close to MgB12 in stoichiometry (Tc=37 K) has been defined.
Predictors of Citizens' Satisfaction and Trust in Police as a Function of Good Governance and Cooperative Culture

The role of police institutions in developing law-and-order situations and protecting citizens’ lives and valuables is of immense importance worldwide. Based on the social learning theory, the current study examines the extent to which police performance, accountability, and moral alignment with the community develop and enhance the trust among the citizens via an underlying mechanism of their satisfaction level with police institutions based on their services’ delivery. Data were collected from the citizens of various administrative units in Jakarta, Indonesia. Structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 3.3. 3 software was applied to assess the variables' psychometric properties and verify the study's hypothesized links. The results revealed the significant and positive impact of police performance, accountability, and alignment with moral values on citizens' trust directly and via an underlying mechanism of citizens' satisfaction. However, the intensity of the results varied, and the accountability of the police was the strongest predictor of citizens' trust. In addition, the current study brings valuable insights for academicians and practitioners to focus more on training police officials to make them responsible for fulfilling their obligations towards the citizens based on their higher level of recognition of accountability towards the nation.
Correlation between Apnea Severity and Sagittal Cephalometric Features in a Population of Patients with Polysomnographically Diagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Background and Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder featuring a repeated closure of the upper airway during sleep. Craniofacial anatomy is a potential risk and worsening factor for OSA. This study aims to assess the relationship between cephalometric features of craniofacial morphology and OSA severity in a population of patients with OSA. Material and Methods: A sample of forty-two patients (n = 42, M = 76%, mean age = 57.8 ± 10.8) with a polysomnographically (PSG) confirmed diagnosis of OSA were recruited and underwent cephalometric evaluation of 16 cephalometric variables. In addition, the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation (SatMin), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. Then t-tests were performed to compare the values of all cephalometric variables between two AHI severity-based groups (mild-to-moderate = AHI ≤ 30; severe = AHI > 30). Single- and multiple-variable regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between AHI scores and cephalometric features. Results: Mean AHI, SatMin, and BMI were 31.4 ev/h, 78.7%, and 28.1, respectively. The cephalometric variables were not significantly different between the two OSA-severity groups (p > 0.05). Multiple-variable regression analyses showed that gonial angle and nasopharynx space were negatively associated with AHI, explaining 24.6% of the total variance. Conclusion: This investigation reported that severity of AHI scores in patients with OSA showed a negative correlation with gonial angle and nasopharynx space. As a general remark, although maxillofacial anatomy can be a predisposing factor for OSA, disease severity depends mainly upon other variables.
Optimal Energy Management of Internet Data Center With Distributed Energy Resources

Currently, an increasing number of Internet data centers (IDCs) are trying to apply distributed energy resources (DERs), such as renewable energy, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and conventional generators (CG). However, uncertain renewable energy presents significant challenges to the safe and stable operation of IDCs. A two-stage optimal operation model based on distributionally robust optimization (DRO) is proposed for an IDC with DERs to lower the total cost of the IDC, including operating cost, carbon emission cost, and re-dispatch cost under the worst-case probability distribution of renewable energy. An ambiguity set is formed by combining norm-1 and norm-inf under the given confidence level to capture the possible probability distributions of uncertain renewable energy. The proposed model can be turned into a tractable mixed-integer linear programming problem and efficiently solved by the column-and-constraint generation algorithm. Experimental results show the benefits of DERs integration and workload dispatch. Comparative analysis further demonstrates the superiority and scalability of the proposed model.
χ2 Attacks on Block-Cipher based Compression Functions

In this paper, we report on χ2 analyses of block-cipher based (cryptographic) compression functions. Our aim is not to find collisions nor (second) preimages, but to detect non-random properties that may distinguish a compression function from an ideal primitive such as a random oracle. We study some well-known single-block modes of operation such as Davies-Meyer (DM), Matyas-Meyer-Oseas (MMO) and Miyaguchi-Preneel (MP), and double-block modes such as Hirose's, Tandem-DM, Abreast-DM, Parallel-DM and MDC-2. This paper shows how a weakness (χ2 correlation) in the underlying block cipher can propagate to the compression function via the mode of operation used in hash constructions. To demonstrate our ideas, we instantiated the block cipher underlying these modes with variable-round RC5, RC6 and ERC6 block ciphers.
A Method for Fully Automatic Building Footprint Extraction From Remote Sensing Images

Abstract Automatically mapping building footprints has a wide range of applications in many fields. In recent years, the automatic building extraction methods based on deep learning show an absolute advantage over the traditional image segmentation methods due to its high speed and high precision. However, the building footprint extracted by deep learning is just an irregular building mask. There is still much work to be done to transform the building mask into a vector building footprint in the usual sense. One of the most important tasks is to determine the orientation of each side of the building. Most of the current methods are based on the building mask to determine the orientation of each side of the building. The biggest disadvantage of this method is that it completely relies on the building mask which is often unsatisfactory. In this case, the article proposes a method to determine the orientation of each side of the building based on the building mask and line segments, thereby effectively avoiding the danger of relying on the building mask. Experiments show that the proposed method can achieve high-speed and high-precision automatic extraction of building footprints from remote sensing images, saving costs.
Microbial Type IA Topoisomerase C-Terminal Domain Sequence Motifs, Distribution and Combination

Type IA topoisomerases have highly conserved catalytic N-terminal domains for the cleaving and rejoining of a single DNA/RNA strand that have been extensively characterized. In contrast, the C-terminal region has been less covered. Two major types of small tandem C-terminal domains, Topo_C_ZnRpt (containing C4 zinc finger) and Topo_C_Rpt (without cysteines) were initially identified in Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis topoisomerase I, respectively. Their structures and interaction with DNA oligonucleotides have been revealed in structural studies. Here, we first present the diverse distribution and combinations of these two structural elements in various bacterial topoisomerase I (TopA). Previously, zinc fingers have not been seen in type IA topoisomerases from well-studied fungal species within the phylum Ascomycota. In our extended studies of C-terminal DNA-binding domains, the presence of zf-GRF and zf-CCHC types of zinc fingers in topoisomerase III (Top3) from fungi species in many phyla other than Ascomycota has drawn our attention. We secondly analyze the distribution and combination of these fungal zf-GRF- and zf-CCHC-containing domains. Their potential structures and DNA-binding mechanism are evaluated. The highly diverse arrangements and combinations of these DNA/RNA-binding domains in microbial type IA topoisomerase C-terminal regions have important implications for their interactions with nucleic acids and protein partners as part of their physiological functions.
Facial Recognition Using Square Diagonal Matrix Based on Two-Dimensional Linear Discriminant Analysis

In this research, the square diagonal matrix based on Two-Dimensional Linear Discriminant Analysis for Face recognition is proposed. The original image matrix is converted into the diagonal matrix and followed the same process by using the output become input. The results of the conversion are utilized as input on feature extraction using Two-Dimensional Linear Discriminant Analysis. The proposed method has been evaluated by using the YALE-A, the ORL and the University of Bern Face image databases. The experimental results show that, the proposed method outperformed to other methods, which are Eigen Faces, Fisher Faces, Laplacian Faces and Orthogonal Laplacian Faces methods. The highest recognition rates are 89.523%, 97% and 95.33% for the YALE-A, the ORL, and the University of Bern respectively. The usage of the dominant features has influenced the results of the recognition. It is proved that, the more the dominant features, the smaller error occurred.
Visible-Light-Driven g-C3N4/TiO2 Based Heterojunction Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes in Wastewater: A Review

Water pollution by organic contaminants is one of the most severe issues confronting the world today as a result of the rapid increase of industrialization, urbanization, human population growth, and advances in agricultural technologies. Several attempts have been made to address global water pollution issues by utilizing conventional wastewater treatment technologies. However, conventional wastewater treatment methods have several limitations such as low efficiency, high operation costs, generation of secondary waste, require additional chemicals as oxidants and extra energy. Therefore, Heterogeneous photocatalysis has gained a lot of attention in the degradation of persistent organic pollutants because it combines high efficiency, environmental friendliness, cheap cost, and safety. Subsequently, the designing of novel nanocomposite photocatalysts with strong visible light-harvesting ability, efficient charge separation and transportation, and superb stability is imminently desired for wastewater treatment. Recently, the notion of combining g-C3N4 with TiO2 to design high photocatalytic performance heterojunction photoactive nanocomposites for organic pollutant degradation has received a lot of attention. Meanwhile, the construction of g-C3N4/TiO2-based heterojunction nanocomposites may enhance the ability of harvesting visible light, boost charge separation and transfer efficiency, and robust photocatalytic activity. Firstly, this review concisely explained the main sources of water pollution, as well as potential treatment approaches and the fundamental mechanism of heterogeneous photocatalysis. Subsequently, the details of properties, synthesis techniques, photoactivity modification strategies, and photocatalytic applications of g-C3N4, TiO2, and g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalysts are presented. Following that, the recent advances aimed at improving the photocatalytic performance of various types of visible-light-driven g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalysts for organic pollutant degradation in wastewater are presented in detail. Finally, some concluding remarks and perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for constructing different types of g-C3N4/TiO2-based heterostructured photocatalysts are presented.
Acyclic Diterpene Phytol from Hemp Seed Oil (Cannabis sativa L.) Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Activity on Primary Human Monocytes-Macrophages

Seeds from non-drug varieties of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) have been used for traditional medicine, food, and fiber production. Our study shows that phytol obtained from hemp seed oil (HSO) exerts anti-inflammatory activity in human monocyte-macrophages. Fresh human monocytes and human macrophages derived from circulating monocytes were used to evaluate both plasticity and anti-inflammatory effects of phytol from HSO at 10–100 mM using FACS analysis, ELISA, and RT-qPCR methods. The quantitative study of the acyclic alcohol fraction isolated from HSO shows that phytol is the most abundant component (167.59 ± 1.81 mg/Kg of HSO). Phytol was able to skew monocyte-macrophage plasticity toward the anti-inflammatory non-classical CD14+CD16++ monocyte phenotype and toward macrophage M2 (CD200Rhigh and MRC-1high), as well as to reduce the production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, diminishing the inflammatory competence of mature human macrophages after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. These findings point out for the first time the reprogramming and anti-inflammatory activity of phytol in human monocyte-macrophages. In addition, our study may help to understand the mechanisms by which phytol from HSO contributes to the constant and progressive plasticity of the human monocyte-macrophage linage.
Research Progress on MXene-Based Flexible Supercapacitors: A Review

The increasing demands for portable, intelligent, and wearable electronics have significantly promoted the development of flexible supercapacitors (SCs) with features such as a long lifespan, a high degree of flexibility, and safety. MXenes, a class of unique two-dimensional materials with excellent physical and chemical properties, have been extensively studied as electrode materials for SCs. However, there is little literature that systematically summarizes MXene-based flexible SCs according to different flexible electrode construction methods. Recent progress in flexible electrode fabrication and its application to SCs is reviewed according to different flexible electrode construction methods based on MXenes and their composite electrodes, with or without substrate support. The fabrication methods of flexible electrodes, electrochemical performance, and the related influencing factors of MXene-based flexible SCs are summarized and discussed in detail. In addition, the future possibilities of flexible SCs based on MXene are explored and presented.
Tyumen Embankment: Urban Hubris as a Trigger for the Transformation of Urban Identity

The article discusses the problem of place affecting urban identity formation. The granite-lined embankment of the Tura River becomes a factor in reassembling urban identity and forming new urban sensuousness for the residents of Tyumen. The identity of Tyumen has long oscillated between the provinciality of the “village capital” and the nomadism of the “hub city”, serving as a transit point to service the oil and gas industry. Nowadays, city residents perceive the embankment not only as a sign of Tyumen’s integration into a modern urban context, but also as a metaphor for the escape from the boggy swamp of uncertainty to the terra firma of solid granite. The technological characteristics of the four-tier embankment (its height and length) mark it as an outstanding engineering structure. The visual excessiveness of the embankment, framing the banks of a small river, makes it a source of pride for the citizens. To clarify the process of urban identity formation, the authors introduce the term “urban hubris”. There are multiple connotations of the hubris concept, ranging from “pride” to “transgression of one’s own destiny”. In this article, urban hubris refers not only to specific traits of people initiating megaprojects but to transgressive change in urban identity. This change can be triggered by fundamentally new strategies in city design or, as in this case, by a large-scale urban development project, conveying new city images, creating new public spaces, changing citizens’ daily practices, and, ultimately, transforming their urban identity.