Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Role of Color in Dining Experience Phase 2: Analyzing Diversity of Choice of Tableware Color, Structure of Explanation Thinking and the Comparison of Emotions between Simple and Detailed Dining Situation Sketches in Young Females

Following the previous phase of the study, we analyzed diversity of color selections, and gathered free comments of participants to explain the reason why they chose certain colors when presented with different dining situations. Furthermore, a new, simpler version of dining situation sketches was created to compare the emotions between simple and detailed dining situation sketches. We re-analyzed the comparison of emotions based on the key emotion adjective words from free comments. Based on the results, we proposed a model of Kansei process of color selection in dining situations, considering explanation thinking structure and diversity of selections. The results indicated a tendency that in explanation thinking structures, Impression dominant situations led to distributed choices, whereas Attitude dominant situations led to polarized choices. Specific visual elements in dining situation sketches are correlated with emotions, suggesting the potential effect of visual presentations of dining situations on tableware color selections.
A test of genetic association among male nuptial coloration, female mating preference, and male aggression bias within a polymorphic population of cichlid fish

Both inter- and intrasexual selection have been implicated in the origin and maintenance of species-rich taxa with di- verse sexual traits. Simultaneous disruptive selection by female mate choice and male-male competition can, in theory, lead to speciation without geographical isolation if both act on the same male trait. Female mate choice can generate discontinuities in gene flow, while male-male competition can generate negative frequency-dependent selection stabilizing the male trait polymor- phism. Speciation may be facilitated when mating preference and/or aggression bias are physically linked to the trait they operate on. We tested for genetic associations among female mating preference, male aggression bias and male coloration in the Lake Victoria cichlid Pundamilia. We crossed females from a phenotypically variable population with males from both extreme ends of the phenotype distribution in the same population (blue or red). Male offspring of a red sire were significantly redder than males of a blue sire, indicating that intra-population variation in male coloration is heritable. We tested mating preferences of female offspring and aggression biases of male offspring using binary choice tests. There was no evidence for associations at the family level between female mating preferences and coloration of sires, but dam identity had a significant effect on female mate prefe- rence. Sons of the red sire directed significantly more aggression to red than blue males, whereas sons of the blue sire did not show any bias. There was a positive correlation among individuals between male aggression bias and body coloration, possibly due to pleiotropy or physical linkage, which could facilitate the maintenance of color polymorphism (Current Zoology 59 (2): − , 2013).
The Long Term Efficacy of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention versus Bariatric Surgery to Treat Morbid Obesity in Women

Objective: The effectiveness of behavioral/lifestyle interventions in treating morbidly obese individuals is questionable. Aim of the present study was to compare the long-term efficiency of an intensive lifestyle intervention to bariatric surgery in morbidly obese women.Methods: Twenty-nine morbidly obese females participated in this study. Fifteen subjects were assigned to the Lifestyle Group and 14 underwent vertical banded gastroplasty. Participants in the Lifestyle Group attended 30 behavioral modification sessions over three years, whereas the Surgery Group received the standard of care nutrition after bariatric surgery. Body weight, resting metabolic rate, physical activity, body composition measurements and dietary intake data were assessed repeatedly during the first 3 years postintervention. Body weight and physical activity information were also collected 9 years later.Results: The Surgery Group lost significantly more weight in the first 3 months, and at 1, 2 and 3 years after surgery compared to the Lifestyle Group (P=0.004). However, at 9 years weight loss was similar between groups. Furthermore, at 9 years, the same percentage (61.5%) of participants in both groups lost and maintained at least 5% of their initial body weight. Physical activity level was more elevated in the Lifestyle Group compared to the Surgery Group throughout the study. Conclusion: Surgery led to significantly more weight loss than the lifestyle intervention in the first post-intervention years. However, 9 years later both groups ended with similar weight loss, indicating that an intensive lifestyle intervention should not be ignored for treating morbid obesity, as it represent a safe, efficacious and costeffectiveapproach.
Stress and Mental Health of Tribal and Non-Tribal Female School Teachers in Jharkhand , INDIA

The research reported in the paper examines the effects of stress, marital status and ethnicity upon mental health of female school teachers. A 2x2x2 factorial design with three factors, each having two levels was used and ANOVA was applied for the analysis of data obtained from a stratified random sample of 304 female school teachers. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) – 12 was used to measure mental health and stress was developed by Hassan (1982). Results reveal that out of three factors, namely stress, marital status and ethnicity, only ethnicity was found to produce main effect on mental health. Neither second order interaction nor third order interaction was found significant.
High-Yield Purification Process of Singlewalled Carbon Nanotubes

Reproducible high-yield purification process of singlewalled carbon nanotubes was developed by combining two-step processes of thermal annealing in air and acid treatment. The process involves the thermal annealing in air with the powders rotated at temperatures of 470 °C for 50 min, which burns out the carbonaceous particles, and an acid treatment with HCl for 24 h, which etches away the catalytic metals. Control of the annealing temperature and rotation of the sample are crucial for high yield. Our reproducible optimal purification process provides a total yield of about 25 ∼ 30 wt % with less than 1 wt % of transition metals, which was confirmed by the thermogravimetric analysis. Bundling and length control depending on the different acid treatments will be further discussed.
Electrospun Functional Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

Electrospinning, a high-voltage driven spinning technique, has the ability to produce nanofibers with diameter down to nanometer scale from a variety of materials. Although it is predominantly applied to polymeric materials including synthetic and natural polymers, it also allows the functionalization of nanofibers by introducing pores, and incorporating functional elements such as drugs, growth factors, or nanoparticles while electrospinning. Anisotropic nanofibrous scaffolds with spatial orientation of the electrospun nanofibers can be achieved by using the electrode configurations or the rotated collection apparatus. Three dimensional cell-rich nanofibrous constructs can be fabricated while wet electrospinning using the layer-by-layer assembly approach. Taken together, the relatively high production rate and low cost of electrospinning have drawn a great attention in materials and life sciences, especially in tissue engineering research.
Carbon dioxide storage in the Captain Sandstone aquifer: determination of in situ stresses and fault-stability analysis

The Lower Cretaceous Captain Sandstone Member of the Inner Moray Firth has significant potential for the injection and storage of anthropogenic CO2 in saline aquifer parts of the formation. Pre-existing faults constitute a potential risk to storage security owing to the elevated pore pressures likely to result from large-scale fluid injection. Determination of the regional in situ stresses permits mapping of the stress tensor affecting these faults. Either normal or strike-slip faulting conditions are suggested to be prevalent, with the maximum horizontal stress orientated 33°–213°. Slip-tendency analysis indicates that some fault segments are close to being critically stressed under strike-slip stress conditions, with small pore-pressure perturbations of approximately 1.5 MPa potentially causing reactivation of those faults. Greater pore-pressure increases of approximately 5 MPa would be required to reactivate optimally orientated faults under normal faulting or transitional normal/strike-slip faulting conditions at average reservoir depths. The results provide a useful indication of the fault geometries most susceptible to reactivation under current stress conditions. To account for uncertainty in principal stress magnitudes, high differential stresses have been assumed, providing conservative fault-stability estimates. Detailed geological models and data pertaining to pore pressure, rock mechanics and stress will be required to more accurately investigate fault stability.
An Efficient Detection Algorithm for TCP / IP DDoS Attacks

TCP is widely known as being able to provide a reliable byte stream process for communication. It is the most widespread protocol used for exchanging data on the internet and is responsible for more than 90 percent of the world's total traffic on the internet. However, many TCP protocol were designed with little consideration given to the security implications. The TCP protocol stack, for example, could be quite vulnerable to a variety of attacks ranging from IP Spoofing to distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. This paper presents a number of known TCP/IP attacks methods focusing in particular on password sniffing, SYN flooding, IP Spoofing, TCP Sequence number attack, TCP session hijacking, RST/FIN attacks, and the low rate TCP targeted denial of service attack. This paper also examines the drawbacks of these TCP protocols in order to provide solutions to such attacks. Finally, a real time network simulation is provided along with detailed experiments analysis to validate the efficiency of our security approaches. KeywordsDistributed Denial of Service; Network Security; TCP Congestion Control ; Vulnerabilities.
Pulsar timing irregularities and the imprint of magnetic field evolution

Context. The rotational evolution of isolated neutron stars is dominated by the magnetic field anchored to the solid crust of the star. Assuming that the core field evolves on much longer timescales, the crustal field evolves mainly though Ohmic dissipation and the Hall drift, and it may be subject to relatively rapid changes with remarkable effects on the observed timing properties. Aims. We investigate whether changes of the magnetic field structure and strength during the star evolution may have observable consequences in the braking index n. This is the most sensitive quantity to reflect small variations of the timing properties that are caused by magnetic field rearrangements. Methods. We performed axisymmetric, long-term simulations of the magneto-thermal evolution of neutron stars with state-of-the-art microphysical inputs to calculate the evolution of the braking index. Relatively rapid magnetic field modifications can be expected only in the crust of neutron stars, where we focus our study. Results. We find that the effect of the magnetic field evolution on the braking index can be divided into three qualitatively different stages depending on the age and the internal temperature: a first stage that may be different for standard pulsars (with n ∼ 3) or low field neutron stars that accreted fallback matter during the supernova explosion (systematically n 3 is expected; in the third stage, at late times, when the interior temperature has dropped to very low values, Hall oscillatory modes in the neutron star crust result in braking indices of a high absolute value and both positive and negative signs. Conclusions. Current magneto-thermal evolution models predict a large contribution to the timing noise and, in particular, to the braking index, from temporal variations of the magnetic field. Models with strong (10 14 G) multipolar or toroidal components, even with a weak (∼10 12 G) dipolar field are consistent with the observed trend of the timing properties.
Przygotowanie powierzchni do klejenia wybranych materiałów konstrukcyjnych

9 Wykaz ważniejszych oznaczeń i akronimów. 10 1. Wstęp. 13 2. Powierzchnia i warstwa wierzchnia . 15 2.1. Powierzchnia . 15 2.2. Warstwa wierzchnia . 15 2.3. Pole niewysyconych sił powierzchni . 19 2.4. Model złącza i połączenia adhezyjnego . 22 3. Przygotowanie powierzchni w procesie klejenia . 26 3.1. Znaczenie przygotowania powierzchni . 26 3.2. Zjawisko adhezji i teorie adhezji. 26 3.2.1. Adhezja. 26 3.2.2. Teoria adhezji mechanicznej. 28 3.2.3. Teoria adhezji właściwej. 31 3.3. Zwilżalność . 34 3.3.1. Zjawisko zwilżania. 34 3.3.2. Metody pomiaru kąta zwilżania . 35 3.4. Ocena przygotowania powierzchni do procesu klejenia . 42 3.4. 1. Ocena i stopnie przygotowania powierzchni . 42 3.4. 2. Określenie chropowatości powierzchni . 269 3.4. 3. Ocena zwilżalności. 54 3.4. 4. Określenie swobodnej energii powierzchniowej. 56 3.4. 5. Określenie wytrzymałości połączeń adhezyjnych. 61 4. Charakterystyka sposobów przygotowania powierzchni do klejenia . 71
Automatic Attendance Management System Using Face Recognition

Being one of the most successful applications of the image processing, face recognition has a vital role in technical field especially in the field of security purpose. Human face recognition is an important field for verification purpose especially in the case of student's attendance. This paper is aimed at implementing a digitized system for attendance recording. Current attendance marking methods are monotonous & time consuming. Manually recorded attendance can be easily manipulated. Hence the paper is proposed to tackle all these issues. extraction methods viz. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) -Thus we create a feature set for each of the images provided in the database. During real time, the images of human face may be extracted from a USB camera. This involves MATLAB's Image Acquisition Toolbox, using which a camera is configured, accessed & brought one frame at a time into MATLAB's workspace for further processing using MATLAB's Image Processing Toolbox. This method uses eigen face approach for face recognition which was introduced by Kirby and Sirovich in 1988 at Brown University. The method works by analyzing face images and computing eigenface which are faces composed of eigenvectors. The comparison of eigenface is used to identify the presence of a face and its identity. There is a five step process involved with the system developed byTurk and
A SOFIA FORCAST Grism Study of the Mineralogy of Dust in the Winds of Proto-planetary Nebulae: RV Tauri Stars and SRd Variables

We present a SOFIA FORCAST grism spectroscopic survey to examine the mineralogy of the circumstellar dust in a sample of post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) yellow supergiants that are believed to be the precursors of planetary nebulae. Our mineralogical model of each star indicates the presence of both carbon-rich and oxygen-rich dust species—contrary to simple dredge-up models—with a majority of the dust in the form of amorphous carbon and graphite. The oxygen-rich dust is primarily in the form of amorphous silicates. The spectra do not exhibit any prominent crystalline silicate emission features. For most of the systems, our analysis suggests that the grains are relatively large and have undergone significant processing, supporting the hypothesis that the dust is confined to a Keplerian disk and that we are viewing the heavily processed, central regions of the disk from a nearly face-on orientation. These results help to determine the physical properties of the post-AGB circumstellar environment and to constrain models of post-AGB mass loss and planetary nebula formation.
GRA.LE.D. (GRApevine LEaf Digitalization) Software for the Detection and Graphic Reconstruction of Ampelometric Differences between Vitis leaves

Raster graphic ampelometric software was not exclusively developed for the estimation of leaf area, but also for the characterization of grapevine (Viti vinifera L.) leaves. The software was written in C++ programming language, using the C++ Builder 2007 for Windows 95-XP and Linux operation systems. It handles desktop-scanned images. On the image analysed with the GRA.LE.D. , the user has to determine 11 points. These points are then connected and the distances between them calculated. The GRA.LE.D. software supports standard ampelometric measurements such as leaf area, angles between the veins and lengths of the veins. These measurements are recorded by the software and exported into plain ASCII text files for single or multiple samples. Twenty-two biometric data points of each leaf are identified by the GRA.LE.D. It presents the opportunity to statistically analyse experimental data, allows comparison of cultivars and enables graphic reconstruction of leaves using the Microsoft Excel Chart Wizard. The GRA. LE.D. was thoroughly calibrated and compared to other widely used instruments and methods such as photo-gravimetry, LiCor Li3100, WinDIAS2.0 and ImageTool. By comparison, the GRA.LE.D. presented the most accurate measurements of leaf area, but the LiCor Li3100 and the WinDIAS2.0 were faster, while the photo-gravimetric method proved to be the most time-consuming. The WinDIAS2.0 instrument was the least reliable. The GRA.LE.D. is uncomplicated, user-friendly, accurate, consistent, reliable and has wide practical application.
A comparative study between kriging and adaptive sparse tensor-product methods for multi-dimensional approximation problems in aerodynamics design

The performances of two multivariate interpolation procedures are compared using func- tions that are either synthetic or coming from a shape optimization problem in aerodynamics. The aim is to evaluate the eciency of adaptive sparse interpolation algorithms (2) and compare them with the kriging approach developed for the design and analysis of computer experiment (DACE) (21). The accuracy and computational time of the two methods are examined as the number N of samples used in the interpolation increases. It appears in our test cases that both methods perform equivalently, in terms of precision. However, as the dimension d increases, the computational time involved in the enrichement of the kriging sample becomes intractable for large values of N. This problem is cir- cumvented in the case of the sparse interpolation procedure for which the computational time scales linearly with N and d. R esum
Magneto-optical Devices for Optical Integrated Circuits

Magneto-optical materials have two unique properties, which make them important for a variety of optical applications. The first property is non-reciprocity. The time inverse symmetry is broken in magneto-optical materials. Therefore, properties of magneto-optical materials are different for two opposite directions of light propagation and optical nonreciprocal devices like the optical isolator and the optical circulator can be fabricated only by utilizing magneto-optical materials. The second important property of the magneto-optical materials is a memory function. If the material is ferromagnetic, the data can be memorized by means of two opposite directions of the residual magnetization. Both the reading and writing of such memory can be done by magneto-optical effect. The optical isolator is an important component of optical networks. It is transparent in one direction and blocks light in opposite direction. Due to the imperfect matching between optical components in the network, the unwanted back reflection always exists and it severely disturbs the network performance. To avoid this, the optical components have to be protected by an optical isolator. Also, the isolator is important to cut the back-travelling amplified spontaneous emission in the case of serially-connected amplifiers. Today there is a big demand to integrate all optical components into an opto-electronics chip. In fact, the isolator is one of few components, which have not yet been integrated into commercial chips. It is because of difficulties to integrate magneto-optical materials into a semiconductor-made chip. To solve this, we proposed to use (Cd,Mn)Te as a magnetooptical material for such isolator. The (Cd,Mn)Te exhibits a huge Faraday effect and can be grown on a semiconductor substrate. For (Cd,Mn)Te waveguide grown on GaAs substrate we achieved a high Faraday rotation of 2000 deg/cm, a high isolation ratio of 27 dB, a low optical loss of 0.5 dB/cm, and a high magneto-optical figure-of-merit of 2000 deg/dB/kG in a wide 25-nm wavelength range (Debnath et al., 2007). These values meet or exceed similar values of commercial discrete isolators. We predicted theoretically (Zaets & Ando, 1999) and proved experimentally (Zayets & Ando, 2005) the effect of non-reciprocal loss in hybrid semiconductor/ferromagnetic metal waveguides. This effect can be utilized for new designs of waveguide optical isolator. Because the structure of this isolator is similar to that of laser diode, such a design is beneficial for the integration. The bistable laser diode with non-reciprocal amplifier was proposed to be used for high-speed optical logic (Zayets & Ando, 2001).
Comparison of in vitro lipoxygenase, xanthine oxidase inhibitory and antioxidant activity of Arnica montana and Arnica chamissonis tinctures.

Preparations of Arnica have been used for treatment of post-trauma effects and inflammatory diseases. The aim of the study was to determine and compare the antioxi- dant activities and in vitro lipoxygenase (LOX) and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory ac- tivity of different parts of A. montana (AM) and A. chamissonis (AC) with reference to the polyphenolic compounds content. Based on IC50 values could be concluded that active compounds of AM acted mainly as a XO inhibitors while LOX was more effective inhib- ited by AC samples. The highest antiradical activity was observed in the cases of AM flower heads and AC herbs tincture. All studied materials exhibited high chelating power (with IC50 ranged from 10.96 to 11.84 mg/ml) and ability to inhibition of lipid peroxida- tion (IC50 ranged from 10.00 to 15.09 mg/ml). Arnica tinctures possess high antioxidant abilities and XO and LOX inhibitory activity that might be helpful in preventing or slow- ing the progress of free radical dependent diseases. Additionally, results clearly showed that A. chamissonis might be a valuable herbal raw material.
Small Network Segmentation with Template Guidance

The importance of segmenting social networks has grown along with the usage of social network sites such as Facebook. Social networks provide a wealth of information about people including friendships and interests. Information can be added to segmenting algorithms such as spectral clustering as in the form of a single constraint. Taking advantage of multiple instances of information, such as a template composition, for clustering is not trivial since adding multiple constraints to spectral clustering techniques is difficult. We present an approach to incorporate template constraints to the semi-definite program formulation of spectral clustering. We describe different types of template constraints and their interpretation. Also, we present a randomize rounding scheme to ensure the rounded solution to the SDP formulation satisfies the template segmentation.