Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Key Technology of Real-time Video Transmission Based on Mobile Terminal

In order to solve the problems existing in real-time video transmission of mobile terminals, this paper proposes the encapsulation method which is suitable for H.263 and H.264 video coding, and reduces the extra waste of real-time transmission protocol packets and to improve the transmission efficiency of the video. Experimental results show that the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) in H.263 and H.264 video coding mode is above 30 dB at the lowest frame rate and resolution, and the minimum requirement of video transmission has been satisfied. Rate of 24 Hz, the two encoding PSNR are more than 40 dB, video transmission quality ideal. In addition, the two packet loss rate of about 10%maximum, the maximum delay of 400 ms or less, have reached the requirements of real-time video transmission.
Stochastic Volatility: Risk Minimization and Model Risk

In this paper locally risk-minimizing hedge strategies for European-style contingent claims are derived and tested for a general class of stochastic volatility models. These strategies are as easy to implement as ordinary delta hedges, yet in realistic settings they produce markedly lower hedge errors. Our experimental investigations on model risk furthermore show that locally risk-minimizing hedges are robust with respect to parameter uncertainty as well as misspecifications of the stochastic volatility model.
The impact of knowledge management on competitive advantage considering the mediating role of organizational agility Case study: the hospitality industry in Isfahan

Competitive advantage, as aset of unique abilities in an organization, allows it to enter new markets and overcome competition. This paper aims to determine the impact of agility and knowledge management on competitive advantage. According to the available literature and research background, three hypotheses are formed and tested. The data for the study are collected using a standard questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS V.18. 0 and AMOS V.20. 0 software packages. The results indicate that knowledge management affects the ability to gain competitive advantage both directly and indirectly through organizational agility.
Does Financial Globalization Induce Better Macroeconomic Policies?

Monetary and fiscal policies around the world are in better shape today than two decades ago. This paper studies whether financial globalization has helped induce governments to pursue better macroeconomic policies (the "discipline effect"). The empirical tests have two innovations. First, we recognize potential endogeneity of the observed capital flows in a given country and employ an instrumental variable approach that relies on the autonomous (global) component of the capital flows. Second, we recognize inherent discreteness in defining good versus bad macroeconomic policies and use a transition matrix technique to determine whether capital flows are effective in inducing substantial qualitative policy shifts. Our results suggest that, in spite of the plausibility of the "discipline effect" in theory, it is not easy to find strong and robust causal evidence. There is some evidence that financial globalization may have induced countries to pursue low-inflation monetary policies. However, there is no evidence that it has encouraged low budget deficits.
REGENERATION, PUBLIC GOODS, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

In this paper we discuss the (Pareto) optimal provision of a public good (desirable or undesirable) in an intergenerational model of an economy, where regeneration is an endogenous decision variable of the households in the economy. We show that in addition to providing desirable public goods and/or levying the well known Pigouvian taxes on polluting industries, a government must subsidize households who are consuming a desirable public good and tax consumers who are consuming an undesirable public good (pollution). In addition, we show that there is a public rate of return, distinct from the market rate of return, that should be used by the government for the evaluation of investments in public goods. This public rate of return is smaller than the market rate of return in a growing economy and larger than the market rate of return in a declining economy. We investigate biases in both the public and market rates of return, as well as in other parameters which characterize the economy, as a result of nonoptimal governmental behavior. We discuss the question of how to aggregate biases due to different public goods. 1. INTRODUCTION THE RENEWED INTEREST in the interrelationship between household behavior and economic growth has recently been emphasized by the contributions of Nerlove [15] and of Razin and Ben Zion [17], both of which offer an intergenerational model of population growth. In this paper we follow the lead of Razin and Ben Zion but add to the economy a public good (desirable or undesirable) and a government whose function is to insure the (Pareto) optimal provision of this public good. We assume a homogeneous population with respect to tastes, abilities, and initial endowments and thus we address only efficiency considerations.
Assessment of dose effects on image quality at chest computed radiography

Abstract This research was accomplished to assess dose effects on image quality at computed radiography (CR). The ultimate target of the research was finding optimized exposure that provides necessary image quality for the clinical chest diagnosis. Modulation transfer function (MTF), n ormalized noise power spectrum (NNPS), and Noise equivalent quanta (NEQ) corresponding to the different do ses were measured for the assessment of image quality. The preparation of “edge test device” used in MT F measurement and experimental geometry setup were followed by the recommendations of International Ele ctrotechnical Commission (IEC). The experimental results show the necessary image quality can be ac hieved even at a half of the automatic exposure control (AEC) setting dose for chest diagnosis. It mea ns that the patient exposure can be reduced dramatically by using optimized dose. Key words: computed radiography (CR), chest image quality, dose control, optimized dose, modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), noise equivalent quanta (NEQ)
Studies on Utilization of Tamarind Kernel Powder Extract Residue as a Feed for Ruminants

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions in over 50 countries. Tamarind kernel powder extract residue (TKPER) is a byproduct derived from the tamarind kernel powder that is obtained during the extraction of polysaccharides, which is widely used in the food industry in Japan. This research conducted in vitro, in situ and in vivo experiments respectively in wethers for evaluating nutrition values of TKPER as a new feed for ruminants. Two types of TKPER (TKPER I and II), dried under different rotating speeds, were used in in vitro experiment to examine the gas production and fermentation characteristics by comparing to dry heat soybean (SB), soybean meal (SBM) and dry soybean curd residue (SBCR). The contents of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber exclusive of residual ash (aNDFom) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) (%) in TKPER I and II were 41.4 and 42.0, 11.9 and 15.0, 1.4 and 0.5, 36.1 and 33.7, respectively. The results showed TKPERs had significantly lower gas production than the other test feeds at each observation time. The in vitro dry matter (DM) and CP digestibility (%) of TKPER I and II were 67.7 and 64.9, and 64.5 and 58.0, respectively, ii significantly lower than those of SB and SBM. In in situ experiment using nylon bag technique in wethers, the results demonstrated that in situ DM degradation parameters, rapidly degradable fraction (a), slowly degradable fraction (b) and the rate constant for disappearance of b fraction (c), respectively, of TKPER were similar to those of SB. The in situ CP degradation parameters (a, b and c) of TKPER were similar to those of SBM. In situ effective DM and CP degradability of TKPER were significantly higher than those of SBCR. Furthermore, the digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal fermentation of TKPER were examined in in vivo experiment by comparing to SB, SBM and SBCR. Four wethers (51.6 ± 5.5 kg) were assigned in a 4×4 Latin square design feeding TKPER, SB, SBM and SBCR with ryegrass straw (R) at a ratio of 1:1 at 2% of body weight in DM on a daily basis. The estimated DM, CP and NFC digestibility and total digestible nutrients of TKPER were 58.7, 94.6, 84.7 and 93.8%, respectively. Wethers fed the TKPER diet had lower retention of nitrogen and ruminal ammonia nitrogen contents at 4 h after feeding than those fed the SBM diet, which had values similar to the SB or SBCR diet. The TKPER feeding had higher propionate and lower butyrate content, as well as lower acetate to propionate ratio in rumen fluid than SBM feeding at 4 h after feeding. From this research it could be concluded that TKPER can be used as a high-protein source feed to be substituted for an expensive ingredient for growing livestock, or as a high-NFC nutrition energy source feed for lactating and fattening livestock. It is noted that due to the absence of fiber in TKPER, appropriate roughage source should be
Investigating the transfer of academic perceptions of sustainable supply chains into practice

Sustainability is often discussed in academic literature. Recently, this topic has had an increased representation within the research area of supply chain management. The concepts within this term are sustainability and Supply Chain Management (SCM) – both well defined and researched from multi-disciplinary perspectives. In general there is agreement within the academic world regarding the triple bottom line (Elkington, 1998) of sustainability with some additional but less important characteristics. In this research a systematic literature review was conducted to get an academic perspective of sustainable supply chain management. To compare this against the industrial perspective, an explorative questionnaire was deployed to supply chain managers and sustainability managers in the UK. The most important findings are perception gaps regarding the characteristics of SSCM as determined from an academic perspective and the status of implementation in practice along with perceptions regarding the triple bottom line. Further a discrepancy was found in the perspectives of supply chain managers and sustainability managers who were surveyed.
Time-varying oil risk premiums

This thesis proposes to extract time-varying commodity risk premiums from multifactor models using futures prices and analyst’s forecasts of future prices. The model is calibrated for oil using a 3-factor stochastic commodity-pricing model with an affine riskpremium specification. WTI futures price data is from NYMEX and analysts forecasts from Bloomberg and the U.S Energy Information Administration. Weekly estimations for short, medium and long-term risk premiums between 2010 and 2017 are obtained. Results from the model calibration show that risk premiums are clearly stochastic, that short-term risk premiums tend to be higher than long-term ones and that risk premium volatility is much higher for short maturities. An empirical analysis is performed to explore the macroeconomic and oil market variables that may explain the stochastic behavior oil riskpremiums.
Exploring Marketing in Micro Firms

Purpose - The purpose of the paper is to explore the practice of marketing in micro firms. Which are the challenges micro firms encounter and how do they handle them? Methodology - The research methodology is based on the theory-in-use approach (Zaltman, Heffring & LeMasters 1982) in order to inductively explore the practice of marketing in micro firms. The empirical findings rest on ten case studies, where data has been generated through repeated interactions with each case. Findings - The empirical findings show that micro firms handle their marketing challenges in a distinctive manner, by creatively using available resources and network relations. Marketing in micro firms is largely about a long-term, gradual development of a position on the market. This process we label germinal marketing. Two key dimensions of germinal marketing were identified: earning your position and being your brand. Research limitations and implications - The findings rest on an explorative study consisting of ten cases and the general applicability of the results need to be validated by further studies. These cases are however sufficient to illuminate the need for further research into the area. Value of the paper - The value of the paper is twofold. First, it expands the theory-in-use approach, and presents a research method for successful inductive empirical studies of small firm phenomena. Secondly, the paper widens our understanding of the marketing reality and practice of micro firms, identifying new dimensions of marketing and revealing the strategic implications of ordinary business activities.
Prediction of NDF degradation characteristics of grass and grass-clover forages based on laboratory methods

The degradation profiles of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) for typical Danish forages (25 grass and grass/clover samples) were evaluated using rumen nylon bag incubations. In vitro digestibility of organic matter (OM) and NDF was performed by two different standard laboratory methods, one based on Tilley and Terry rumen fluid (T and T) and one on enzymes (ENZ). Concentrations of NDF, acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL), ash and crude protein (CP) in feeds were determined. The ability to predict in situ potential NDF degradability and in situ fractional rate of NDF degradation based on in vitro digestibilities and on chemical analyses was tested using multiple regression analysis. A considerable variation was found in NDF degradation between samples. The indigestible NDF (INDF) proportion was determined after 504 h in situ incubation and ranged from 0.047 to 0.246 of NDF. Fractional rate of NDF degradation (c) varied from 0.022 to 0.150 per hour. The potential degradable NDF fraction (b) showed high correlation with ADL content and ADL/NDF ratio. Fractional rate of degradation (c) showed the highest correlation with in vitro enzymatic NDF digestibility (ENZNDF) and NDF and ADL content. This shows that potential degradability of NDF is mostly correlated to lignification of fibre, whereas fractional rate of degradation is mostly correlated to digestibility. It was possible to describe 0.87 of the variation in the potentially degradable NDF fraction (b) and 0.83 of the variation in fractional rate of degradation (c) using all available information on the feeds. Equations based on in vitro OM digestibility and chemical analyses described 0.83 and 0.85 of the * Supported by the Danish Cattle Federation 3 Corresponding author: e-mail: Martin.Weisbjerg@agrsci.dk 692 PREDICTION OF NDF DEGRADATION variation in b and c, respectively, and equations based only on NDF content and calculated in vivo OM digestibility (sheep) were able to describe approximately 0.80 of the variation in b and c.
A loop-type end-launcher for carbon fiber reinforced polymer waveguides

The analysis of an end-launcher type transition from coaxial to WR90 waveguides is presented. This transition is tuned to have the highest performance at the radar frequency of 9.375GHz. The characteristics of the transducer are investigated comparatively in 30cm aluminum and carbon flber reinforced polymer waveguides. The advantage of the proposed feed is that it does not require grounding to the broad wall of the waveguide compared to the traditional end- launcher loop feeds. This departure from the current loop feeds makes the proposed feed suitable for carbon flber reinforced polymer waveguides where a disruption in the broad wall would be undesirable.
GLUCONEOGENESIS AND COLONIZATION OF THE MOUSE INTESTINE BY E. COLI EDL933 AND E. COLI NISSLE 1917

Previous studies in this laboratory have indicated that E. coli Nissle 1917 can act as a probiotic and is able to prevent the pathogenic E. coli EDL933 from growing to high numbers in the mouse large intestine. This study evaluated the influence of gluconeogenesis in E. coli Nissle 1917 and E. coli EDL933 to compete against each other and for their maintenance in the intestine. Knockout mutants of both strains were created for the analysis of the importance of gluconeogenesis in colonization experiments in the mouse large intestine. To knock out the ability to use gluconeogenesis and therefore metabolizing substrates such as pyruvate, TCA cycle intermediates and amino acids, simultaneously both genes pckA, encoding for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and ppsA, encoding for phosphoenolpyruvate synthetase, were replaced by a non-functional chloramphenicol cassette. It was shown that E. coli Nissle 1917 uses glycolysis and gluconeogenesis concurrently throughout colonization of the mouse large intestine. E. coli EDL933 utilized glycolysis exclusively when it was the only E. coli strain present, but switched to gluconeogenesis when it was in the presence of a competing E. coli strain. Knocking out the ability to use gluconeogenesis in E. coli EDL933, led to a severe disability to colonize the mouse large intestine when it competed against E. coli Nissle 1917 which used up most of the glycolytic substrates. By implication E. coli Nissle 1917 seems to use up most of the glycolytic substrates and some of the gluconeogenic substrates, E. coli EDL933 depends on utilizing gluconeogenic substrates to be able to maintain itself in the mouse large intestine. Phenotypic characterization of the usage of different substrates in E. coli Nissle 1917 and E. coli EDL933 strains revealed several differences between the strains.
Molecular Cloning, Purification, and Characterization of a Cold-Adapted Esterase from Photobacterium sp. MA1-3

The gene encoding an esterase from Photobacterium sp. MA1-3 was cloned in Escherichia coli using the shotgun method. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence (948 bp) corresponded to a protein of 315 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 35 kDa and a pI of 6.06. The deduced protein showed 74% and 68% amino acid sequence identities with the putative esterases from Photobacterium profundum SS9 and Photobacterium damselae, respectively. Absence of a signal peptide indicated that it was a cell-bound protein. Sequence analysis showed that the protein contained the signature G-X-S-X-G included in most serine-esterases and lipases. The MA1-3 esterase was produced in both soluble and insoluble forms when E. coli cells harboring the gene were cultured at 18°C. The enzyme was a serine-esterase and was active against C2, C4, C8 and C10 p-nitrophenyl esters. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme activity were pH 8.0 and 30°C, respectively. Relative activity remained up to 45% even at 5°C with an activation energy of 7.69 kcal/mol, which indicated that it was a cold-adapted enzyme. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Hg 2+ ions.
The Secret of Gambling with Irregular Dice: Estimating the Face Statistics of Polyhedra

This paper is devoted to the description of a new geometric algorithm to estimate the “face statistics” of an irregularly-shaped polyhedron, i.e. the probability that it rests on a given face after being dropped onto a horizontal surface. A recently published paper of the author discussed existing and new methods to estimate this probability, together with a comparison of their reliability, and the challenges of benchmarking them against data obtained via computer simulation. The present work focuses on a new estimation algorithm, with computational complexity linearly proportional to the number of vertices. The main industrial application area of this result is automated assembly: the throughput of a part feeder is heavily influenced by the face statistics of the parts processed by the feeder.
Power of Latent Growth Modeling for Detecting Group Differences in Linear Growth Trajectory Parameters

This simulation study focused on the power for detecting group differences in linear growth trajectory parameters within the framework of structural equation modeling (SEM) and compared the latent growth modeling (LGM) approach to the more traditional repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach. Several patterns of group differences in linear growth trajectories were considered. SEM growth modeling consistently showed higher statistical power for detecting group differences in the linear growth slope than repeated-measures ANOVA. For small group differences in the growth trajectories, large sample size (e.g., N > 500) would be required for adequate statistical power. For medium or large group differences, moderate or small sample size would be sufficient for adequate power. Some future research directions are discussed.
Policies and metrics for fair resource sharing

Performance isolation is essential to operating systems shared by dependable services. Unfortunately, most such systems, including real-time operating systems and VMMs, only fairly divide and account for CPU cycles. We submit that dependable services require specifying and enforcing policies for all resources, and that current metrics for evaluating fair sharing are insufficient. This paper proposes new policy specifications and metrics, and illustrates these with the help of a new operating system that supports holistic resource sharing.
Exposición infantil a anuncios en webs de juegos de Brasil y de España

The online space is rich in playful experiences and can provide many pleasures and lessons to their younger users. However, it is true that children cannot always handle the advertising noise and other adverse effects resulting from excessive or inappropriate use of technology and particularly the game pages. This article aims to confirm the advertising pressure that affects children in Brazil and Spain when playing on Internet game pages. Measuring advertising pressure in online games by the theoretical and methodological framework for content analysis applied to the game pages visited by a group of Brazilian and Spanish children 9 to 11 years. This research showed that online games are occupied by a considerable amount of publicity, which repeatedly blocks access and disrupts key moments of young players with unwanted or not interesting messages. Like in television programming we must put more attention on quality and the amount of ads in online playing. So if there is a concern with the commercial content of children's programming on television similar reasons demand prompt and adequate attention to those games pages. Abusive ads damage advertiser’s reputation, affects gaming experiences and disturb the playtime. Game managers, advertisers, educators and families may use children opinions that are actually successful.