Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linear induction motor-equivalent-circuit model

An equivalent-circuit model of a linear induction motor is developed, using the rotary-motor model as a basis. The rotary-motor model is modified to account for the so-called `end effect´ and is used to predict output thrust, vertical forces and couples. These predictions are checked against test results of a practical motor used on a prototype transit vehicle.
Ceramic nanofiltration membranes: Rejection of salts and NOM at high ionic strength and modification of pore size by atomic layer deposition

Natural Organic Matter (NOM) is always present in the drinking water sources such as rivers, lakes and reservoirs. It causes several problems, including the unfavourable colour and odour of water, formation of disinfectant by-products and harmful microbial growth. In drinking water treatment, anion exchange (anion-IEX) is used for NOM removal. However, the regeneration of anion-IEX produces a brine, which is a high saline waste stream containing the desorbed NOM and anions (i.e. sulphate) as well as the residual sodium chloride added during the regeneration process. One possible approach to manage the waste brine is to recover the valuable compounds from the brine, and consequently, reduce the brine volume that has to be disposed. The separation could be done by ceramic nanofiltration (NF) membranes. However, the separation performance of ceramic NF membranes at high salinity conditions is still not fully understood. Therefore, the use of ceramic NF membranes to treat the brine-like wastes that contain NOM and high salt concentrations were investigated. Commercial 500 Dalton(Da) ceramic NF membranes were used in the salt experiments. Several experimental conditions such as pH and ionic strength were investigated to understand their influence on the rejection of sulphate (SO42-) and chloride (Cl-). The results show that the salt rejection was governed by charge effect, and it changed depending on pH and ionic strength. When ionic strength was 0.1M, the mitigated charge effect led to a low rejection of SO42- (l20%) and Cl- (l5%) by the 500Da membranes. On the other hand, the 560Da membrane used in saltaNOM experiments exhibited more than 95% rejection of NOM but less than 25% rejection of both SO42- and Cl- when ionic strength was 1M. Since the 500Da membranes were unable to reject divalent ions at high ionic strength, it is suggested to decrease the membrane pore size to achieve the separation of SO42- and Cl-. The size of pores in ceramic membranes can be narrowed down by an approach called Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) (Shang et al., 2017). In this study, the vacuum TiO2 ALD was applied to coat thin films on the commercial ceramic NF membranes that have Molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) ranging from 600Da to 900Da. After the first coating, the water permeability of the membranes decreased dramatically while the MWCO of the membranes decreased slightly. After the second coating, an increased MWCO was observed, which might be attributed to the plugging of small pores. In addition, the flux distribution and pore size distribution were theoretically analysed to investigate the change of the membrane pores before and after ALD.
Vineyard Variability Analysis through UAV-Based Vigour Maps to Assess Climate Change Impacts

Climate change is projected to be a key influence on crop yields across the globe. Regarding viticulture, primary climate vectors with a significant impact include temperature, moisture stress, and radiation. Within this context, it is of foremost importance to monitor soils’ moisture levels, as well as to detect pests, diseases, and possible problems with irrigation equipment. Regular monitoring activities will enable timely measures that may trigger field interventions that are used to preserve grapevines’ phytosanitary state, saving both time and money, while assuring a more sustainable activity. This study employs unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to acquire aerial imagery, using RGB, multispectral and thermal infrared sensors in a vineyard located in the Portuguese Douro wine region. Data acquired enabled the multi-temporal characterization of the vineyard development throughout a season through the computation of the normalized difference vegetation index, crop surface models, and the crop water stress index. Moreover, vigour maps were computed in three classes (high, medium, and low) with different approaches: (1) considering the whole vineyard, including inter-row vegetation and bare soil; (2) considering only automatically detected grapevine vegetation; and (3) also considering grapevine vegetation by only applying a normalization process before creating the vigour maps. Results showed that vigour maps considering only grapevine vegetation provided an accurate representation of the vineyard variability. Furthermore, significant spatial associations can be gathered through (i) a multi-temporal analysis of vigour maps, and (ii) by comparing vigour maps with both height and water stress estimation. This type of analysis can assist, in a significant way, the decision-making processes in viticulture.
Interactions between hydro-soluble degradation products from a radio-oxidized polyesterurethane and Eu(III) in contexts of repositories for low and intermediate level radioactive waste

Abstract The complexation of Eu(III) by hydro-soluble degradation products (HDPs) from a radio-oxidized polyesterurethane is investigated. The polyesterurethane Estane 5703® (PURe) is radio-oxidized at 1000 kGy with γ-rays at room temperature. The polymer is then hydrolysed by a simplified artificial cement pore water solution (pH 13.3) for 31 days at 60 °C. The HDPs within the leachate are characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, ionic chromatography, and TOC analyser. The complexation of Eu(III) is studied by time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy (TRLS). The main HDPs are adipic acid – hexane-1,6-dioic acid – and butane-1,4-diol. Unlike HDPs from non-irradiated PURe, the HDPs from 1000 kGy γ-irradiated PURe do form complexes with Eu(III) at pH 13.3. Neither adipate nor butane-1,4-diol are responsible for this complexation. The existence of several types of complexes is evidenced by TRLS and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS): complexation reactions and operational constants are proposed. The complexes formed at high pH (from 10 to 13) are different from the lower pH complexes. The lower pH complexes are studied by ESI-MS and two ligands are identified: adipate and an oligomer.
A new discrete wavelength backscattered ultraviolet algorithm for consistent volcanic SO2 retrievals from multiple satellite missions

Abstract. This paper describes a new discrete wavelength algorithm developed for retrieving volcanic sulfur dioxide (SO2) vertical column density (VCD) from UV observing satellites. The Multi-Satellite SO2 algorithm (MS_SO2) simultaneously retrieves column densities of sulfur dioxide, ozone, and Lambertian effective reflectivity (LER) and its spectral dependence. It is used operationally to process measurements from the heritage Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) onboard NASA's Nimbus-7 satellite (N7/TOMS: 1978–1993) and from the current Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) onboard Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR: 2015–ongoing) from the Earth–Sun Lagrange (L1) orbit. Results from MS_SO2 algorithm for several volcanic cases were assessed using the more sensitive principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm. The PCA is an operational algorithm used by NASA to retrieve SO2 from hyperspectral UV spectrometers, such as the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) onboard NASA's Earth Observing System Aura satellite and Ozone Mapping and Profiling Suite (OMPS) onboard NASA–NOAA Suomi National Polar Partnership (SNPP) satellite. For this comparative study, the PCA algorithm was modified to use the discrete wavelengths of the Nimbus-7/TOMS instrument, described in Sect. S1 of the Supplement. Our results demonstrate good agreement between the two retrievals for the largest volcanic eruptions of the satellite era, such as the 1991 Pinatubo eruption. To estimate SO2 retrieval systematic uncertainties, we use radiative transfer simulations explicitly accounting for volcanic sulfate and ash aerosols. Our results suggest that the discrete-wavelength MS_SO2 algorithm, although less sensitive than hyperspectral PCA algorithm, can be adapted to retrieve volcanic SO2 VCDs from contemporary hyperspectral UV instruments, such as OMI and OMPS, to create consistent, multi-satellite, long-term volcanic SO2 climate data records.
Design of the Nonlinear Prediction Model for Chinese Speech Signal Based on RBF Neural Network

The nonlinear characteristic of Chinese speech signal is further studied, combined with radical basis function neural network, a nonlinear prediction model is designed. Firstly, delay time, embed dimension and maximum lyapunov exponent of Chinese speech phoneme are calculated by using C-C algorithm, false neatest neighbor algorithm and wolf algorithm, it is found out that Chinese speech signal has nonlinear characteristic. Secondly, combined with delay time and embed dimension, radical basis function neural network analysis method is applied successfully to design nonlinear prediction model. Lastly, compared with adaptive differential pulse code modulation linear prediction model and back propagation neural network nonlinear prediction model, prediction error of the nonlinear prediction model is significantly reduced, and the prediction performance gets much better.
Analysis of Image Stitching for Noisy Images using SIFT

Image stitching is process of stitching different images together so as to get wider field of view as well as retaining as much as information possible. In this paper an attempt is made to stitch the images with different noises. A comparison is done after stitching images with different noises based on simple Image stitching algorithm using SIFT as key point detector. Hence the comparisons are done among different noises to find out how badly images are affected by a particular noise.
A decade of epigenetic change in aging twins: Genetic and environmental contributions to longitudinal DNA methylation

Background Epigenetic changes may result from the interplay of environmental exposures and genetic influences and contribute to differences in aging outcomes. However, the etiologies contributing to stability and change in DNA methylation have rarely been examined longitudinally. Methods We considered DNA methylation in whole blood leukocyte DNA across a 10-year span in two samples of same-sex aging twins: (a) Swedish Adoption Twin Study of Aging (SATSA; N = 53 pairs, 53% female; 62.9 and 72.5 years, SD=7.2 years); (b) Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins (LSADT; N = 43 pairs, 72% female, 76.2 and 86.1 years, SD=1.8 years). Joint biometrical analyses were conducted on 359,399 methylation probes in common. Bivariate twin models were fitted, adjusting for age, sex and country. Results Overall, results suggest genetic contributions to DNA methylation across 359,399 sites tended to be small in effect size and lessen across 10 years (broad heritability M=23.8% and 18.1%) but contributed to stability across time while person-specific environmental influences explained emergent influences across the decade. Aging-specific sites identified from prior EWAS and methylation age clocks were more heritable than background sites (1.1 to 2.8-fold higher). The 5,172 sites that showed the greatest heritable/familial influences (p<1E-07) were enriched for immune and inflammation pathways and neurotransmitter transporter activity pathways. Conclusions Across time, stability in methylation is primarily due to genetic contributions, while novel experiences and exposures contribute to methylation differences. Elevated genetic contributions at age-related methylation sites suggest that adaptions to aging and senescence may be differentially impacted by genetic background. Key messages Individual differences in late-life methylation are due partly to genetic influences which contribute to stability in methylation patterns across late life. Environmental experiences unique to individuals contribute to new influences on methylation patterns across late life. Age-related CpG sites show greater heritable influences on methylation consistent with genetic regulation of biological aging rates.
Deep Learning Based Spectrum Compression Algorithm for Rotating Machinery Condition Monitoring

In the new data intensive world, predictive maintenance has become a central issue for the modern industrial plants. Monitoring of electric machinery is one of the most important challenges in predictive maintenance. Adaptive manufacturing processes/plants may be possible through the monitored conditions. In this respect, several attempts have been made to utilize deep learning algorithms for rotating machinery fault detection and diagnosis. Among them, deep autoencoders are very popular, because of their denoising effect. They are also implemented in electric machinery fault diagnostics in order to obtain lower order representation of signals. However, none of these efforts regard the autoencoders as compression units. Bearing in mind that spectra of vibration and current signals that are collected from electric machinery are critical instruments for detection and diagnosis of their faults, we propose that deep stacked autoencoder can be utilized as spectrum compression units. The performance of the proposed strategy are assessed using a bearing data set in three ways: (1)Rule-based classifiers are implemented on raw and compressed-decompressed spectrum and their performance are compared. (2) It is shown that the several machine learning classifiers such as support vector machines, artificial neural networks and k-nearest neighbour classifiers on compressed-decompressed spectrum achieves the performance of them on raw data. (3) A multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier is implemented on the low dimensional representation and it is demonstrated that the strategy of employing the same autoencoder as pretraining of feature extraction module cannot outperform the performance of this MLP classifier.
Experimental Streptococcus iniae infection in barramundi (Lates calcarifer) cultured in Vietnam

Streptococcus iniae has become one of the most important fish pathogens. This work describes first isolation of this bacterial species from cultured barramundi in Khanh Hoa, Vietnam. Three Streptococcus iniae strains (Aum, C4 and CR3) were tested for virulence in barramundi model using intraperitoneal injection at concentrations of 102-107cell per ml. The results showed that the LD50 of Aum, C4 and CR3 when the barramundi were challenged via intraperitoneal were determined to be 104.8, 105.6 and 105.8 CFU respectively. Moribund barramundi diplayed similar clinical symtoms, i.e., erratic swimming, haemorrhage at base of fins, tail rot. Fifteen days after challenge, S. iniae could not be isolated from kidney, spleen, liver or brain of surviving fish.
Rapid development of novel microsatellite markers from Mauremys reevesii (Testudines: Geoemydidae) using next-generation DNA sequencing technology

Abstract Mauremys reevesii (Gray, 1831), which belongs to Mauremys of Geoemydidae (Testudines), distributed in China, as well as Japan and Korea. Previous studies have developed several polymorphic microsatellite loci, but most of them were dinucleotide motifs. Here, we developed 15 polynucleotide-repeat microsatellite loci (including di-, tri, tetra-and pentanucleotide motifs) for M. reevesii through Restriction-site Associated DNA tags sequencing (RAD-seq). A total of 987 microsatellite loci with flanking sequences were suitable for setting primers for polymerase chain reactions (PCR). To verify the identified SSRs, 40 primer pairs were selected for PCR detection. In total, 32 primer sets produced strong PCR products matching their expected sizes, in which species amplification tests showed that 15 were polymorphic. And the number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 16. The observed and expected heterozygosity per locus varied from 0.3784 to 1.000 and from 0.3995 to 0.9700, respectively. The methodology of microsatellite isolation constructed in this study is not only cost-effective and time-saving in comparison to traditional approaches, but also can be served as useful tools which benefit population genetics studies and conservation management of M. reevesii.
Design and simulate of LQR-Fuzzy controller for unicycle robot with double flywheels

This research is focus on design and simulate unicycle robot with double flywheels model with LQR-Fuzzy controller. Roll balancing torque is generated by gyroscopic effect. Pitch balancing torque is applied by inverted pendulum concept. To control the heading of the robot, the angular momentum from both flywheel is applied to control this. The robot model is based on Euler-Lagrange equations. The non-linear model is linearization by Taylor series expansion. The simulation results conducted by MATLAB/Simulink. LQR-Fuzzy is combination algorithm between LQR and Fuzzy controller. The main structure control is the LQR controller and use the Fuzzy controller to adjust the close loop controller gain. The simulation results is simulated and compared with conventional LQR.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY SOLOCHEMICAL PROCESS

ZnO-NPs can be obtained through various methods, resulting in nanoparticles with different size and morphology, which directly influences their antimicrobial potential. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ZnO-NPs obtained by a solochemical process against important human foodborne pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhimurium, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ZnO-NPs were identified as nanorods with the length between 90.1 and 100 nm (10.5 % frequency), the diameter between 80.1 and 90 nm (21 % frequency), and wurtzite type crystalline structure. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were equal to 0.05 mg mL-1 and 0.5 mg mL-1 for S. aureus and S. Typhimurium, respectively, lower than previous results related in the literature. ZnONPs produced by solochemical method had a superior antibacterial activity. For instance, they can be incorporated in packaging materials for increasing microbial safety and food shelf-life by inhibiting bacterial growth.
Functional analysis of sugarcane genes modulated by drought in roots : Análise funcional de genes de cana-de-açúcar modulados por seca em raízes

Sugarcane is a crop of global economic importance, acting as raw material especially in the production of sugar and ethanol. Sugarcane is affected by various types of biotic and abiotic stresses, and drought is one of the main factors reducing sugarcane productivity. Drought acts on the plant varieties of several ways, causing alterations in shoots and roots. Roots play an important role in the maintenance of plant functions under stress conditions, and their properties have great influence on responses to water scarcity. However, the knowledge on gene expression changes in plant roots subject to drought is still very restricted, although it is an important step for the identification of genes with potential for the production of plants more tolerant to water deficit. Therefore, this project aimed to identify genes modulated by drought in sugarcane roots for functional studies using Arabidopsis thaliana and sugarcane transgenic plants. Using RNA-Seq data from two sugarcane cultivars (RB92579 and RB72454) we selected 10 potentially relevant genes in root responses in drought conditions. Severe and moderate stress tests using Arabidopsis and sugarcane transgenic plants overexpressing some of these genes indicated the involvement in drought tolerance mechanisms.
A new role of the Mus81 nuclease for replication completion after fork restart

Impediments to DNA replication threaten genome stability. The homologous recombination (HR) pathway is involved in the restart of blocked replication forks. Here, we used a new method to study at the molecular level the restart of replication in response to DNA topoisomerase I poisoning by camptothecin (CPT). We show that HR-mediated restart at the global genomic level occurs by a BIR-like mechanism that requires Rad52, Rad51 and Pol32. The Mus81 endonuclease, previously proposed to cleave blocked forks, is not required for replication restart in S phase but appears to be essential to resolve fork-associated recombination intermediates in G2/M as a step necessary to complete replication. We confirmed our results using an independent system that allowed us to conclude that this mechanism is independent of the accumulation of DNA supercoiling and DNA-protein crosslinks normally caused by CPT. Thus, we describe here a specific function for Mus81 in the processing of HR-restarted forks required to complete DNA replication.
Complete chloroplast genome of Lamium takesimese Nakai (Lamiaceae): an endemic species in South Korea

Abstract The complete chloroplast genome of Lamium takesimense (Lamiaceae), an endemic species in South Korea, are presented in this article. The genome size is 150,626 bp in length, with 38.6% of GC content. It consists a large single-copy (LSC) region (82,527bp) and a small single-copy region (SSC) (17,185bp) which were separated by two inverted repeat (IRs) regions (25,457bp). The complete chloroplast genome contains 111 unique genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes, and 30 tRNA genes.
Rumble in the Effector Jungle: Candidate Effector Proteins in Interactions of Plants with Powdery Mildew and Rust Fungi

Abstract Rust and powdery mildew fungi are widespread obligate biotrophic phytopathogens. They colonize a broad range monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous host plant species and in the case of crop plants can cause severe yield losses. While powdery mildews (Ascomycota) grow mainly epiphytically and infect the host epidermis, rust fungi (Basidiomycota) typically enter host tissues through stomata and spread within the intercellular spaces. Both fungal taxa have unusually large genomes that are rich in repetitive elements (mostly derived from retrotransposons) and experienced a convergent loss of genes usually present in free-living fungi compared to their respective relatives. Genomes of rust and powdery mildew fungi encode many candidates for secreted effector proteins thought to aid the suppression of defense and cell death or to mediate nutrient acquisition. Although the precise biochemical activity of most effector proteins remains obscure, candidate host targets have been identified for several of them. In addition, some effectors are perceived by matching plant immune receptors and thus serve as avirulence determinants in plant-fungus interactions. This review article summarizes the current knowledge of rust and powdery mildew effector proteins and raises and discusses urgent questions regarding future research. Abbreviations: AVR: avirulence protein; BiFC: bimolecular fluorescence complementation; CSEP: candidate secreted effector protein; ETI: effector-triggered immunity; f. sp. : forma specialis; ff. spp. : formae speciales; MS: mass spectrometry; RIP: repeat-induced point mutation; R protein: resistance protein; sRNA: small RNA; TE: transposable element; Y2H: yeast-2-hybrid.