Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manual del fitoplancton hallado en la ciénaga grande de Santa Marta y cuerpos de agua aledaños

Varios trabajos tratan acerca del conocimiento de la microflora en la Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta: Avila (1971), realizo un estudio de la variacion de los grupos planctonicos entre diciembre de 1969 y mayo de 1971. Avila (1972), realizo un segundo estudio, tambien, de la variacion de los grupos planctonicos entre junio de 1971 y mayo de 1972. En ambos trabajos hace mencion de catorce generos y una especie encontrados en el area; Actinocyclus normanii, diatomea centrica, es mencionada como una especie tipica en el sistema. Carmona (1979), llevo a cabo un estudio durante el ano 1978, registro diecisiete generos y cuatro especies; nuevamente aparece A. normanii (como Coscinodiscus sp.), como una especie importante por su abundancia. Mediante un metodo semicuantitativo Carmona concluyo que la salinidad es el principal factor que determina la distribucion y la densidad del plancton en la CGSM; la autora encontro un predominio de diatomeas y de dinoflagelados de procedencia marina y agrupo el fitoplancton en tres categorias: marino, de agua dulce y estuarino; anadio que el primer y el tercer grupo se caracterizan por poseer alta diversidad y bajo numero de individuos, el segundo presenta baja diversidad y alto numero de individuos. Kucklick (1987), realizo un estudio entrnumerobre de 1981 y septiembre de 1982, trae una lista de casi 200 taxa que registro para el area: 72 (36 %) diatomeas, 14 (7 %) dinoflagelados, 26 (13 %) cianofitas, 71 (36 %) clorofitas-euglenofitas y 14 (7 %) de otros grupos; encontro dominio de las cianofitas durante la epoca de lluvias y el siguiente periodo seco. A normanii aparece con regularidad en todo el sistema durante el ciclo anual, lo clasifico dentro del grupo de “sorraje specialists” (baja tasa de crecimiento y valores altos de Ks); encontro. que Nitzschia closterium se presenta a partir de julio; mas del 60 % de la biomasa la encontro conformada por las formas del nanoplancton (2-20 μm de tamano).
Gaussian Process Regression

We introduce a class of Fourier-based fast algorithms for computing with Gaussian processes. Our approach relies on discretizing Gaussian processes via complex exponentials with equispaced frequencies. This discretization results in a weight-space linear system with a matrix that can be applied in O ( m log m ) operations where m is the number of frequencies, and can be solved eﬃciently with iterative methods. The eﬃcient matrix-vector multiply of the weight-space linear system results in an eﬃcient linear solve that is highly sensitive to discretizations that use large numbers of Fourier modes, enabling high performance for Gaussian processes in higher dimensions and kernels with fat-tailed spectral densities. We provide formulae for the error of discretizations, the condition number of the Gaussian process covariance matrix, convergence rates of iterative methods, and a general formula for the accuracy of the posterior mean at the data points for approximate methods. Numerical experiments are demonstrated for Gaussian processes over R d for d = 1 , 2 , 3. Equispaced Fourier representations enable fast iterative
Garriott's Medicolegal Aspects of Alcohol

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Optimizing multi-dimensional MPI communications on multi-core architectures

In today’s high performance computing, many Message Passing Interface (MPI) programs (e.g., ScaLAPACK applications, High Performance Linpack Benchmark (HPL), and most PDE solvers based on domain decomposition methods) organize their computational processes as multidimensional Cartesian grids. Applications often need to communicate in every dimension of the Cartesian grid. While extensive optimizations have been performed on single dimensional communications such as the standard MPI collective communications, little work has been done to optimize multidimensional communications. We study the impact of the MPI process-to-core mapping on the performance of multidimensional MPI communications on Cartesian grid. While the default process-to-core mappings in today’s state-of-the-art MPI implementations are often optimal for single dimensional communications, we show that they are often sub-optimal for multidimensional communications. We propose an application-level multicore-aware process-to-core re-mapping scheme that is capable of achieving optimal performance for multidimensional communication operations. The application-level solution does not require any changes to the MPI’s implementations; the optimization will occur in the application layer. Experiments demonstrate that a multicoreaware process-to-core re-mapping scheme improves the performance of multidimensional MPI communications by up to 80% over the default mapping scheme on the world’s current third fastest supercomputer, Jaguar, located at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Mycobacterium bovis Isolates from Tuberculous

In Chad, prevalences of tuberculin-positive cattle are 0.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2%–1.4%) in the east (Ouaddai region) (1) and 16.9% (95% CI 10.4%–23.5%) in the west (Chari-Baguirmi and Kanem regions) (2). The latter comparative intradermal tuberculin study was conducted with 34 additional transhumant herds; a prevalence of 11.5% (CI 6.9%–18.5%) was found when herds were considered as random effect in the model. More tuberculin reactors were found among Mbororo than Arab zebus (p = 0.02). In the slaughterhouse of Farcha in N’Djamena, 90% of slaughtered cattle are of the Arab zebu breed, 7% Mbororo zebu, and 3% Kouri (3). Previous slaughterhouse studies showed that bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of condemnation (i.e., if a carcass is fully condemned, the whole carcass is destroyed [≈9% of all inspected cattle carcasses]) (4). A retrospective study on causes of condemnation after meat inspection showed that most carcasses with tuberculous lesions were detected from July to November and that more Mbororo cattle than other breeds had TB-like lesions (42/60 vs. 132/1,539) (5). The diagnosis of suspected bovine TB was based on sighting of typical macroscopic lesions of the organs during meat inspection. In Chad, until this study was undertaken, bovine TB was not confirmed by isolation or molecular characterization of the causative agent, Mycobacterium bovis. This organism is recognized as a zoonotic pathogen that infects many persons, particularly in the developing world. The highest prevalence of coinfection with bovine TB and HIV/AIDS is also in the developing world (6). Our study was aimed at isolating the first M. bovis isolates from specimens of Mbororo and Arab cattle in the newly setup mycobacteriology unit of the veterinary laboratory of Fracha, at characterizing the isolates with molecular methods, and at comparing the isolates with those from Cameroon (7).
The UK Smoke Constituents Testing Study. Summary of Results and Comparison with Other Studies

Abstract At the request of the UK Department of Health, samples of 25 commercial UK cigarette brands were provided to LGC Ltd a for smoke analysis. The brands reflected a high market share (58% in July 2001) and included a wide range of blend and product styles manufactured and imported into the UK. = 0.76), suggesting a minor role of other design features on constituents yield variability. This was confirmed by the application of multiple regression analysis to the data. A subset of five brands, retested at another laboratory, gave between-laboratory differences in mean constituent yields of as much as 2.5-fold. Consideration of these results, other likely sources of analytical variation in this study and a review of other studies, clearly indicates that any tolerance values to be associated with individual smoke constituent measurements will be greater than those for NFDPM, and in some cases, much greater. Consistent with the reported results from other large studies it is concluded that, under ISO smoking conditions, smoke constituent yields are largely predictable, if NFDPM and CO yields are known, for a standard cigarette. Given these observations and the likely limitations of analytical determination, the need for routine measurement of smoke constituent yields, other than NFDPM, nicotine or CO, on standard cigarettes, is questionable.
A Hybrid Approach for Fusion Combining SWT and Sparse Representation in Multispectral Images

Background/Objectives: Image fusion in remote sensing is a challenging task for fusing minute differences in multispectral images for further analysis. The objective of this paper is to propose a hybrid approach for image fusion in remotely sensed images. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The objective of this paper is accomplished by a hybrid approach combining Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) and sparse representation. SWT is used for pre-processing and sparse is used for fusing the multitemporal LANDSAT image. Results: Various fusion metrics like RMSE, PSNR and FMI are evaluated and the obtained results show that the proposed hybrid approach outperforms well than the existing methods. The proposed approach gives better results in terms of all the features has been fused correctly, less mean square error and high signal to noise ratio compared to the existing methods such as DWT, SWT and Ehlers. Conclusion/Application: The application of this work is mainly on multispectral multitemporal images. It can be used for change detection also can be used to fuse low resolution image with high resolution remote sensing image. Finally this approach provides an efficient fusion result compared to the traditional methods.
Face Verification and Open-Set Identification for Real-Time Video Applications

In this work we aim to develop a video-based face verification algorithm suitable for real-time use in an embedded environment with limited space and restricted computational resources. We investigate face verification based solutions to envisioned real-time video applications that require open-set face identification. In particular, we create a prototype system for keeping track of the identities of persons currently inside a closed area. This is done by verifying face images captured at the entry with images captured at the exit. We consider a pair-wise face verification setup that makes the binary decision if two face images are of matching or non-matching identities. The Joint Bayesian classifier was found useful for this purpose and we show that it compares well to a set of standard classifiers. Face verification is evaluated using two distinct feature types: local feature representations around landmark points and deep representations extracted from Convolutional Neural Networks (convnets) trained for generic object detection and fine-tuned on face image data. With these face verification algorithms we implement and evaluate open-set identification. Combined with a Joint Bayesian classifier the deep representations show good accuracy applied to face verification, we reached a face verification accuracy of 91.37% on the popular Labeled Faces in the Wild benchmark. The feature extraction with the deep representations is computationally demanding but may become applicable to embedded environments in the future. The local feature representations investigated requires less computational resources but yields lower accuracy, 86.4% on the Labeled Faces in the Wild benchmark. We identified the local features as the currently most applicable feature representation for the considered real-time video applications in the immediate future. For this reason a local feature scheme based on Local Binary Patterns (LBP) is used in our prototype system. For our demo prototype we set up a video-based face recognition pipeline where tracks of face images are matched, instead of matching singular images. Currently, the demo prototype, running on a desktop computer, process two simultaneous video streams either from recorded files or live from network video and maintain a dynamic gallery of the persons that are inside the closed area.
Determination of Glucose in Blood Using Glucose Oxidase with an Alternative Oxygen Acceptor

the oxygen acceptors originally used were 0 tolidine, benzidine and o-dianisidine. It has since been established that these three substances are carcinogens and many alternative oxygen acceptors have been suggested. Any dye showing oxidation-reduction properties or any dye formed by oxidation, such as those used in colour photography, are potentially useful but it is obviously advantageous to use reagents which have high stability. For manual work on blood a two-solution technique is desirable, one solution being used to precipitate the protein and the other to develop the colour. The development of such a method will now be described. In the determination of phosphatase, use is made of the fact that phenol in the presence of an oxidising reagent gives a purple colour with 4-amino phenazone. The possibility that the H.Oz released in the reaction of glucose oxidase with glucose could act as the oxidising agent was investigated and it was found that the system of phenol and 4-amino phenazone is well suited to the determination of glucose. By suitable adjustment of conditions the colour develops completely in 10 minutes, being stable thereafter for at least 30 minutes. Using a single-solution phosphotungstic acid precipitant containing phenol to precipitate blood protein the only other solution required is one containing glucose oxidase, peroxidase and 4-amino phenazone. These solutions contain azide as preservative; azide has no effect on the rate of colour development. In the micro and macro automated methods, the two solutions required are a diluent containing 4-amino phenazone and a colour reagent containing glucose oxidase, peroxidase and phenol.
Comparison of a consumer grade EEG amplifier with medical grade equipment in BCI applications

This paper presents a comparison between a consumer grade EEG (electroencephalography) amplifier and a medical grade equipment. Using the same set of EEG electrodes, signals recorded from the OpenBCI board are compared side-by-side with those recorded from the g.tec g.USBamp device. Two BCI (brain-computer interface) applications are studied: a P300 speller and a workload estimator. In both applications EEG features are highly correlated. Moreover, the classification performances obtained with the OpenBCI board come close to the accuracy achieved with the g.tec g.USBamp. Overall, these preliminary results suggest that the OpenBCI board -- or a similar solution based on the Texas Instrument ADS1299 chip -- may be an alternative to traditional EEG amplifiers, widening the realm of applications and increasing the number of potential users.
Probabilistic Event Stream Processing with Lineage

Many sensor network applications such as the monitoring of video camera streams or the management of RFID data streams require the ability to detect composite events over high-volume data streams. Sensor data inputs from the physical world are usually noisy, incomplete and unreliable. Thus they are usually expressed with probability. To manage this kind of data, probabilistic event stream processing systems are a natural consequence. In this paper, we propose a query language to support probabilistic queries for composite event stream matching. The language allows users to express Kleene closure patterns for complex event detection in the physical world. We also propose a working framework for query processing over probabilistic event streams. Our method first detects sequence patterns over probabilistic data streams using AIG, a new data structure, which handles record sets of active states with an NFA-based approach. Our method then computes the probability of each detected sequence pattern on their lineage. With the benefit of lineage, the probability of an output event can be directly calculated without considering the query plan. We conduct a performance evaluation of our method comparing it with a naive method. Results clearly confirm the effectiveness of our approach.
Effects of Subtitled Video During Transactional Task Practice on Oral Communicative Performance of Fifth Semester College Students of French Learning With Multimedia Courseware.

The purpose of this study was to Investigate the effectiveness of subtitled video during transactional task practice on oral communicative performance of fifth semester college students of French learning with multimedia courseware. Task practice was provided by the multimedia package, “Practicing Spoken French" (PSF) specifically designed by the researcher for this study. The package, which Integrates HyperCard and videodisc technologies, allows for Individually customized practice of two video-based oral tasks, description and narration. Drawing on Salomon’s theories about the effects of media coding elements and perception of task on cognition and learning, the study used a 2 x 2 factorial design with two levels of subtitling (subtitles, no-subtltles), and two levels of oral transactional tasks (higher, lower). Forty-four fifth semester college students of French were randomly assigned to one of four experimental treatments subtltles/lower-level task, no-subtltles/lower-level task, subtltles/hlgher-level task, no-subtltles/hlgherlevel task. Students under each treatment were required to participate In two experimental sessions to complete the four stages of the two practice tasks of their choice -watching a video segment, answering video-related
Crossing Borders within the ABC Automation, Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science

This paper gives an insight into frame and sequence based non-uniformity correction (NUC) methods for ﬁxed pattern noise (FPN) reduction. The presented methods derive comprehensive literature studies of primarily adaptive sequence based techniques and are contrasted with frame based methods. Thereby different application scenarios, e.g. static scene and camera motion, static camera and scene changes, are considered. The performance of NUC methods can be evaluated by different metrics. Subsequently, an ex-cerpt of performance metrics published in the literature are introduced.
Racial Bias in the US Opioid Epidemic: A Review of the History of Systemic Bias and Implications for Care

The opioid epidemic has been declared a US national public health emergency. Discrepancies in the rates of abuse and access to treatment exist among non-white minorities. A narrative literature review evaluated the minority racial disparities in opioid use, abuse, and care in the US. Racial disparities in the prescription of opioid-containing compounds are dramatic with the non-white individuals being prescribed at half the rate. Historical and cognitive biases may have insulated the non-white minorities, while the minorities have limited access to treatment. Physician bias, media portrayal of opioid abuse disorders, and governmental regulation are a polyfactorial root of racial inequity in the opioid epidemic. As part of the national response, addressing these issues will be an important factor in curbing this epidemic.
Scenario testing using OWL.

The main contribution of this dissertation is to provide an approach and related techniques and guidelines for an OWL 2 formalization of scenario testing, called formal scenario testing, that can be used to validate UML class diagrams. The main objective of formal scenario testing is to arrive at a complete and consistent conceptual schema (that can be expressed as a UML class diagram or directly in OWL 2), which is a cohesive and an accurate representation of the business domain. Hence, formal scenario testing is aimed at the validation rather than the verification of UML class diagrams. To this end, techniques are defined for formal scenario testing that can be used to validate the accuracy of UML class diagrams. Moreover, formal scenario testing can be used to validate the cohesiveness of UML class diagrams. In service of this main contribution, the translation of UML class diagrams to DLs (and in particular SROIQ(D)) and OWL 2 are revisited. Firstly, a number of UML class diagram features have not been explicitly translated to SROIQ(D) or OWL 2, for which the translation is made explicit. Secondly, some newer features of UML class diagrams have never before been translated to any DL. A notable example is ID constraints on classes. Lastly, some of the existing UML class diagram to DL/OWL 2 translations need to be refined for the purpose of formal scenario testing. The formal scenario testing approach, and related techniques and guidelines, presented in this dissertation is of value to modellers since it enables them to validate UML class diagrams during the requirements engineering phase. Any endeavour that improves the detection and remedy of errors during the requirements engineering phase, helps to decrease the number of errors that are propagated to the later phases of the SDLC. Reducing the number of errors throughout the SDLC reduces the cost of the development of a software system.
“Gueule cassée”
 (facial injuries): a 3D paleotraumatology study and facial approximation of a Napoleonic soldier who died in 1812 at Königsberg during the Russian Campaign

The invasion of Russia by the Napoleonic Grande Armée was a complete disaster. The French army was decimated during the retreat from Russia. Thousands of victims were buried in mass graves located near several cities during the retreat. One of these mass graves was discovered in in the center of Kaliningrad (formerly Königsberg), presently the most occidental oblast of the Russian Federation. Some skeletons revealed evidence of violence related traumatic injuries. Among them, suffered a serious injury to the lower face. The state of post-traumatic remodeling indicated survival of about 2 months (between more than 6 weeks and less than 3 months). The 3D reconstruction of the mandible and the maxilla contributed additional information about the injury, its cause and treatment. This permitted pre-traumatic reconstruction of the viscerocranium and mandible through the application of two new techniques: virtual osteotomy and virtual bone transplant from another individual and perform an approximation of the face (to recreate the soft tissues) of this unidentified soldier using AFA3D software. These results highlight the use of 3D methods in paleopathology and forensic anthropology to reconstruct traumatic facial injuries and the pre-traumatic facial appearance.