Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTERNAL WAVES DYNAMICS IN THE LOMBOK STRAIT STUDIED BY A NUMERICAL MODEL

A baroclinic 3D hydrodynamic model with the non-hydrostatic approximation called Massachusetts Institute of Technology Global Circulation Model (MIT gcm) has been applied to simulate the generation of internal tidal bores and their disintegration into internal solitary waves in the Strait of Lombok. Numerical simulation have been carried out by incorporating seasonal variations of the stratification of the water body, which exist during the first transitional monsoon, the east monsoon, the second transitional monsoon, and the west monsoon. Our simulation yields the results that the existence of the sill at the southern part of the Lombok Strait, strong tidal flow, and a stratified fluid, play an important role in forming some short of divergence and convergence area as an indication of the birth of internal waves, which are simulated on the both sides of the sill. The simulated results reproduce reasonably well the basic features of internal waves in the Strait of Lombok as captured by the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) from the European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellites ERS 1 and ERS 2, such as a north-south asymmetry, propagation speeds, average amplitudes and wavelengths, and solution packets. Similiar to observations made by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, the simulation results also showed the intrusion of warmwater from thePacific Ocean into the Indian Ocean and the exitence of well-developmed thermal plume at south of the sill. Seasonal variations of interface depth of thermocline and the density difference between the stratified layers influence magnitudes of the amplitudes and wavelengths of the internal waves and solitons, and the distance of thermal plume in the Lombok Strait. It is found that during the monsoon transition periods and the west monson, the amplitudes of internal waves and solitons at the southern part of the strait is apparently larger than those at the northern one, whereas during the east monsoon, the wave amplitudes is large north of the sill than south of it. Meanwhile, the propagation speeds of northward propagating internal solitary waves (0.71-2.67m per s) are stronger than southward propagating ones (0.21-1.53 m per s) throughout the monsoon periods. Key words: internal waves, non-hydrostatic approximation, solitary waves, thermal plumes
Uav-Based 3d Urban Environment Monitoring

Abstract. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) based remote sensing can be used to make three-dimensions (3D) mapping with great flexibility, besides the ability to provide high resolution images. In this paper we propose a quick-change detection method on UAV images by combining altitude from Digital Surface Model (DSM) and texture analysis from images. Cases of UAV images with and without georeferencing are both considered. Research results show that the accuracy of change detection can be enhanced with georeferencing procedure, and the accuracy and precision of change detection on UAV images which are collected both vertically and obliquely but without georeferencing also have a good performance.
Formulating Diets on an Equal Forage Neutral Detergent Fiber from Various Sources of Silage for Dairy Cows in the Tropics

An attempt was made to evaluate the effects of total mixed rations (TMR) containing 17.5% forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from paragrass, paragrass+cassava chips and corn silages on the performance of dairy cows in the tropics. Experimental dietary treatments contained a similar content of total NDF, total non-fiber carbohydrates, crude protein and energy. Maximum and minimum temperature humidity index during the experimental period were 79.1-80.6 and 66.8-68.6, respectively. Among silage sources, there were no differences (p>0.05) in concentrations of acetic and propionic acids and butyric acid was undetectable. Concentration of lactic acid was higher (p<0.01) in corn silage but its pH was lower (p<0.01) than in paragrass and paragrass+cassava silages. Dairy cows on TMR containing corn silage not only gained more weight (161 and 46 vs. -189 g/d) but also consumed more feed (18.47, 15.84 and 14.49 kg/d), and produced more milk (23.89, 22.03 and 20.83 kg/d), 4% fat corrected milk (25.47, 24.05 and 22.02 kg/d), solids-not-fat (1.99, 18.3 and 1.73 kg/d) and total solid (3.10, 2.85 and 2.64 kg/d) compared with those on TMR containing paragrass+cassava and paragrass silages, respectively (p<0.01). Dairy cows on TMR containing paragrass+cassava silage were better in these respects (p<0.01). These results suggest that in formulating diets on an equal NDF basis for different forage qualities, diets higher in forage quality can stimulate higher DMI for dairy cows in the tropics and thus improve productivity. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2003. Vol 16, No. 5 : 660- 664)
Media planning by optimizing contact frequencies

In this paper we study a model to estimate the probability that a target group of an advertising campaign is reached by a commercial message a given number of times. This contact frequency distribution is known to be computationally difficult to calculate because of dependence between the viewing probabilities of advertisements. Our model calculates good estimates of contact frequencies in a very short time based on data that is often available. A media planning model that optimizes effective reach as a function of contact frequencies demonstrates the usefulness of the model. Several local search procedures such as taboo search, simulated annealing and genetic algorithms are applied to find a good media schedule. The results show that local search methods are flexible, fast and accurate in finding media schedules for media planning models based on contact frequencies. The contact frequency model is a potentially useful new tool for media planners.
Investigation of Scale Effects on Propeller-Induced Pressure Fluctuations by a Viscous/Inviscid Coupling Approach

The present article deals with the investigation of wake scale effects on propeller-induced pressure fluctuations under consideration of sheet cavitation on the propeller blades. The KRISO container ship is thus investigated numerically with respect to pressure fluctuations. The numerical method used in this work is based on the coupling of a viscous flow solver with a potential flow theory-based boundary element method. The simulations are carried out in model scale and in full scale, with and without sheet cavitation, and the results are compared to experiments in a cavitation tunnel.
Energy expenditure and water turnover of incubating Ruddy Turnstones: high costs under high arctic climatic conditions

To investigate whether shorebirds breeding in the High Arctic have relatively high rates of energy expenditure due to the harsh climatic conditions that prevail even in summer, we measured daily energy expenditure (DEE) and water turnover of Ruddy Turnstones (Arenaria interpres) during the incubation phase on Rowley Island in Foxe Basin, N.W. T. , Canada, at 69-degrees-N, using the doubly-labeled-water technique. Simultaneously, we conducted detailed measurements of ambient climatic conditions, including in situ measurements with heated taxidermic mounts. A series of 11 doubly-labeled-water measurements with eight individual Ruddy Turnstones, of which at least seven successfully hatched eggs, yielded a mean DEE of 4.08 W. This is a relatively high value for a 108-g bird, equalling four times their basal metabolic rate (BMR). Most variation in DEE was attributable to standard operative temperature, which combines the effects of air temperature, wind and radiation on heat loss from the turnstone's point of view. On average, 25% of DEE was attributable to BMR, 31% to the cost of thermoregulation, and 44% to the cost of activity. The average value for water turnover of 96.6 g/day is high compared to published values for other birds and confirms the large requirement for food (which is water-rich) of incubating Ruddy Turnstones. An analysis of the climatic conditions prevalent in Foxe Basin during the breeding seasons of Ruddy Turnstones, based on the 33-year period 1958-1990, indicated that they faced thermostatic hardships, defined as energy expenditure exceeding the maximum sustained working level (estimated at 4.5 times BMR), on 15% of the days. Climatic conditions were most severe in the early 1960s, but have improved since.
The Heat of Formation of 2-C3H7+ and Proton Affinity of C3H6 Determined by Pulsed Field Ionization−Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy

Pulsed field ionization combined with ion coincidence has been used with synchrotron radiation at the Advance Light Source (ALS) operated in the multibunch mode to energy select ions and to measure their breakdown diagram. The resolution for ion state selection achieved with Ar on this instrument is 0.6 meV. The production of the 2-C3H7+ ion was investigated by measuring the dissociative ionization onset from the 2-propyl chloride, bromide, and iodide. Because the dissociation limits for halogen atom loss lie in the Franck−Condon gap, the yield of threshold electrons generated by pulsed field ionization was found to be extremely low. Nevertheless, the heat of formation of 2-C3H7+ determined from the three molecules agreed to within 2 kJ/mol. The average and now recommended values for this heat of formation are 825.0 ± 1.5 kJ/mol (0 K) and 807.5 ± 1.5 kJ/mol (298 K). This can be combined with the known heats of formation of C3H6 and H+ to yield a proton affinity of C3H6 of 742.3 ± 1.5 kJ/mol (298 K). This .
Analysis of unsteady flows with vortex based method and N-S solver

OF THE THESIS ANALYSIS OF UNSTEADY FLOWS WITH VORTEX BASED METHOD AND N-S SOLVER by Pruthvi K Jujjavarapu Thesis Director: DR. MITSUNORI DENDA Unsteady flows are very common in nature. Birds, insects, fish and other animals predominantly rely on unsteady phenomena for locomotion. In the past century the primary focus of aerodynamicists was on steady flows. Currently, there is a renewed interest in unsteady flows due to their applications in MAV’s and energy extraction. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate unsteady flows with a traditional N-S solver and a new Vortex solver based on the Discreet Vortex Method(DVM). We found that the vortex method is very suitable to simulate flapping flight, especially for parametric studies before proceeding to a full fledged N-S solver. Our results show that the Vortex method is an order of magnitude faster than a N–S solver.
The Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Organizational Trust of Staff

The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between organizational trust and organizational commitment in staff. Eighty-four persons from 101 staff of department of Sports and Youth in the province of Mazandaran responded to two questionnaires of “Organizational Trust Inventory (OTI)” developed by Shockley-Zalaba, Ellis, and Winograd (2000) and “Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ)” developed by Allen and Meyer (1990). The reliability analysis of questionnaires for OTI, and OCQ were reported ɑ = 0.92 and ɑ = 0.82, respectively based on Cronbach's alpha measure. Results revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational trust and organizational commitment (r = 0.573, p = 0.001), affective commitment (r = 0.54, p = 0.001), task commitment is (r = 0.345, p = 0.001). But the positive relationship between organizational trust and continuous commitment (r = 0.202) wasn’t significant (p = 0.066). In conclusion, it is suggested that managers should create trust of staff in order to increase its organizational commitment.
Application of the Experiment Design Method in Modelling the Temperature Effect on the Behaviour at a Low Velocity Impact Damage of Epoxy Matrix Reinforced with Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Composite

The present study was carried out to evaluate the temperature effect on the mode II interlaminar fracture be- haviour of two unidirectional carbon fiber composite materials subject to low velocity impact damage. Before testing, the specimens were exposed at positive and negative temperatures. The delamination crack energy was calculated at the maximum loading point according to the directed beam theory, to the corrected beam theory and to the compliance calibra- tion. Two types of carbon fiber epoxy composite materials were investigated of denominations AS4/8552 and AS4/3501-6. Unidirectional panels of 32 plies were fabricated according to the prepreg manufacturers. A thin film of PTFE was intro- duced between the mid-planes of the panels in order to provide an artificial starter crack of length 60 mm. Of each materials, five specimens were tested at the statically and the dynamical mode II at the temperatures of:-30,-15, 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60°C. From the experimental results, we conclude that the two composites have a similar behaviour, with a slightly effect of a temperature. The experimental design method was used to obtain a mathematical model describing the effect of the tem- perature on the crack delamination energy. The compliance calibration method gives conservative values of the crack delamination energy.
Biocompatible β-chitin hydrogel/nanobioactive glass ceramic nanocomposite scaffolds for periodontal bone regeneration

In this work, we developed a nanocomposite scaffold using chitin hydrogel with bioactive glass ceramic nanoparticles (nBGC) by lyophilization technique for periodontal bone regeneration. chitin/nBGC composite scaffolds were found to be satisfactory in all aspects, and these nanocomposite scaffolds could be promising candidates for the treatment of periodontal bone defects.
2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-ß-D-maltoheptaoside: A New Substrate for the Determination of α-Amylase in Serum and Urine

: Tests for the determination of alpha-amylase activity based on oligosaccharides or their 4-nitrophenyl derivatives as substrates suffer from some disadvantages. Using a more acid indicator molecule and connecting this group in the beta-form to maltoheptaose leads to a new substrate, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-maltoheptaoside, for the determination of alpha-amylase activity. Due to its pK value, only half of the 4-nitrophenol formed from 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside is spectrophotometrically detectable, whereas the total product from the new substrate is responsible for a measurable absorbance. In addition the molar lineic absorbance of the product is 1.8 times higher. Thus the new test is more sensitive than those employing 4-nitrophenyl derivatives. Both P-type and S-type alpha-amylase isoenzymes have the same affinity for the new substrate; this is not the case for all the other substrates, i.e. oligosaccharides and their 4-nitrophenyl derivatives, used in alpha-amylase tests. The sample volume may be reduced, thereby removing interference by substances like bilirubin, glucose and haemoglobin. The test is insensitive to changes in temperature and pH and can be adapted to all mechanized analytical instruments.
A study of band-limited chip waveforms for asynchronous DS-CDMA systems

This paper investigates the effect of chip waveform shaping on multiple access interference (MAI) in band-limited direct sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDAM) systems. In particular, it concentrates on the family of band-limited waveforms with zero interchip interference (ICI) and with arbitrary excess bandwidth /spl beta/ in the range 0 /spl les/ /spl beta/ /spl les/ 1. A criterion for the performance comparison of various band-limited chip waveforms based on the elementary density function is introduced. The comparison is made among different chip waveforms, including the optimal chip waveform, the square-root raised cosine proposed for 3G wireless systems and the previously proposed "better than Nyquist" pulse. Finally, the effect of varying the roll-off factor of a band-limited chip waveform on the MAI level is also investigated.
A Valid Measure to Eliminate the Influence of Polysaccharides and Polyphenols in Recalcitrant Longan ( Dimocarpus longan L.) During DNA Isolation

Large amounts of polysaccharides, polyphenols, tannins, proteins, and other secondary metabolites in recalcitrant longan leaves make it difficult to obtain high quality genomic DNA during extraction. To obtain good quality of nucleic acids from local longan leaves and for its downstream applications, a new protocol was developed. It consists of rapid isolation of stable nuclei, which hinders covalent interactions with phenolics, followed by DNA extraction. The yield and quality of the resulting DNA were satisfactory and suitable for PCR analysis and digestion with a restriction enzyme. Here, a valid combination measure (β-mercaptoethanol, PVP40 and PVPP were used at different stages) was created to eliminate the influence of polysaccharides and polyphenols in recalcitrant longan during DNA extraction, which will facilitate the development of molecular quantitative genetics of longan. Key words: Longan, extraction buffer, DNA isolation, PCR products. †These authors contributed equally to this work.
Spring-loaded reproduction: effects of body condition and population size on fertility in migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus)

In many ungulates, female fecundity is affected by body condition and has important effects on population dynamics. In some species, females adopt a conservative strategy, reducing reproductive effort when population density is high. We investigated what factors affect the probability of gestation in adult female caribou (Rangifer tarandus (L., 1758)) from the Riviere-George herd in northern Quebec and Labrador over 5 years that spanned various population sizes and trends. Similar to other populations of migratory caribou, the probability that a female was pregnant in spring increased with body mass and percent body fat. The probability of gestation appeared to be reduced by high infestation of warbles (Hypoderma tarandi (L., 1758)). The proportion of females pregnant varied between years and was lower at high population size. Females of similar mass, however, were pregnant regardless of whether the population was increasing at low density, had reached a peak, or was declining. Compared with other ungulates that reduce maternal expenditure at high density, female caribou of the Riviere- George herd may have a risk-prone reproductive strategy.
A new scheme to measure the electron-neutrino correlation - the case of $^{6}$He

A novel experiment has been commissioned at the Weizmann Institute of Science for the study of weak interactions via a high-precision measurement of the beta-neutrino angular correlation in the radioactive decay of short-lived $^{6}$He. The facility consists of a 14 MeV $d+t$ neutron generator to produce atomic $^{6}$He, followed by ionization and bunching in an electron beam ion source, and injection into an electrostatic ion beam trap. This ion trap has been designed for efficient detection of the decay products from trapped light ions. The storage time in the trap for different stable ions was found to be in the range of 0.6 to 1.2 s at the chamber pressure of $\sim$7$\times$10$^{-10}$ mbar. We present the initial test results of the facility, and also demonstrate an important upgrade of an existing method \cite{stora} for production of light radioactive atoms, viz. $^{6}$He, for the precision measurement. The production rate of $^{6}$He atoms in the present setup has been estimated to be $\sim 1.45\times10^{-4}$ atoms per neutron, and the system efficiency was found to be 4.0$\pm$0.6\%. An improvement to this setup is also presented for the enhanced production and diffusion of radioactive atoms for future use.
Ultra-Wideband Performance of Printed Hexagonal Wide-Slot Antenna with Dual Band-Notched Characteristics

In this paper, ultra-wideband characteristics of a hexagonal wide slot antenna with dual band-notched property have been proposed and experimentally investigated. By etching a pair of L-shaped slots and embedding a pair of parallel strip conductors, dual band-notched properties in WiMAX/C-Band satellite application and WLAN band are achieved respectively. Good impedance matching is obtained over a wide band by designing the feed structure with a 50› microstripline loaded by a tuning stub. The stub is proposed to have one hexagonal section and one straight section. The proposed antenna operates over 2.0GHz{10.7GHz range, for VSWR • 2, excluding the two rejection bands from 3.4GHz to 4.3GHz and 5.12GHz to 6.4GHz having rejection level VSWR of 7.84 and 6.5 respectively. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 5.35 : 1. The proposed ultra- wideband structure also exhibits constant group delay, satisfactory gain and high radiation e-ciency in the pass band.
The Effect of Treated Municipal Wastewater Irrigation in Non-Agricultural Soil on Cotton Plant

Shortage of irrigation water is a crucial problem especially in arid and semiarid regions; therefore, application of wastewater in agriculture in such regions seems to be an indispensable solution. A field experiment was conducted in non-agricultural soil to investigate the effect of Treated Municipal Wastewater (TMW) on the yield and fiber quality of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop. The treatments consisted of surface irrigation by different mixtures and as well, through different intervals of freshwater plus TMW. Two additional treatments, namely, irrigation with freshwater and with TMW were considered as control. The experimental design was a randomized complete block one with eight treatments and three replications. The results indicated that cotton yield, number of bolls per m 2 , Leaf Area Index (LAI) and plant height were significantly higher when the crop irrigated with TMW rather than with freshwater. The crop yields in TMW vs. freshwater treatments were about 2,200 and 780 kg lint ha -1 , respectively. There were no significant differences observed between interval and mixture treatments when the same percentages of freshwater and TMW applied. Also there was no significant detrimental effect observed on the characteristics of cotton fiber quality when the crop irrigated with TMW.
The benefits of gravimeter observations for modelling water storage changes at the field scale

Water storage is the fundamental state variable of hydrological systems. However, comprehensive data on total water storage changes (WSC) are practically inaccessible by hydrological measurement techniques at the field or catch- ment scale, and hydrological models are highly uncertain in representing the storage term due to the lack of adequate validation or calibration data. In this study, we assess the benefit of temporal gravimeter measurements for modelling WSC at the field scale. A simple conceptual hydrological model is calibrated and evaluated against records of a su- perconducting gravimeter (SG), soil moisture, and ground- water time series. The model is validated against indepen- dently estimated WSC based on lysimeter measurements. Using gravimeter data as a calibration constraint improves the model results substantially in terms of predictive capa- bility and variation of the behavioural model runs. Thanks to their capacity to integrate over different storage compo- nents and a larger area, gravimeters provide information on total WSC that can be used to constrain the overall status of the hydrological system in a model. The general problem of specifying the internal model structure or individual param- eter sets can, however, not be solved with gravimeters alone.