Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A4_template for transducers01

where Xm, Xo, and θv are the mineral, organic, and water fractions of the soil, respectively. The leading coefficients represent the volumetric heat capacity (MJmoC) of each soil constituent. When a pulse of heat is applied during a fixed interval of time to the heater probe, the maximum rise in temperature (∆Tm) at some distance from the heater is measured. The relationship between the ρcp and ∆Tm is [1], This work presents a Multi-Chip-Module (MCM) based microsystem for irrigation control in agriculture. The proposed microsystem includes a soil moisture microsensor, an analog-to-digital converter, signal processing circuits (digital filtering and sensor interface) and a RF 433MHz transmitter. A heat-pulse technique is used to determine the volumetric heat capacity and hence the water content of a porous media, such as the soil. This method is based on the Joule effect (heater probe) and in Seebeck effect (temperature probe). By using CMOS standard processes (low-cost) a network could be implemented in order to achieve an accurate measurement of the soil moisture at the plant root level. 2 p m q c e r T ρ π = ∆ (2)
Animal Spirits in Consumption: Does Confidence Influence Asset Pricing?

It is common sense in the nancial markets and in the business community to believe that consumer con dence a¤ects consumption growth. The economic literature supports this intuitive causation by presenting strong empirical evidence, though the conceptual foundations of the mechanism triggering this inuence have so far been overlooked. This paper o¤ers theoretical grounds to the e¤ect of con dence on growth. We let each commodity marginal utility of consumption vary across the di¤erent states of nature. These preference shocks modify the relative willingness to pay among the single industries, thus a¤ecting the demand for each commodity in the market. An index of such demand adjustments arises from optimization, capturing the overall tendency in the individuals attitude towards consumption. Following the mainstream perspective, the index so constructed is interpreted as an indicator of consumer con dence. We apply this setting to an otherwise standard asset pricing framework. A calibration of the resulting model shows that accounting for individuals attitude towards consumption eliminates the equity premium puzzle. We also run a GMM estimation, extending the robustness of our result to the case in which the joint log-normality of consumption, con dence and equity returns is assumed away. JEL Classi cation: E21, E22, G12 Keywords: State-Dependent Preferences, Asset Pricing, Consumer Con dence, Risk Aversion
RESEARCHES REGARDING OBTAINING SELECTIVE EXTRACTS WITH HYPOGLYCEMIANT PROPERTIES FROM VEGETAL INDIGENOUS PRODUCTS (CICHORII HERBA AND FRAXINI FOLIUM) NOTE III. PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS ANALYSIS FROM FRAXINI FOLIUM

The aim of this study was to establish the polyphenolic derivatives content (phenolcarboxylic acids, flavones and tannin) from Fraxini folium (Ash leaves) harvested at different stages of development compared to those from S.C. Phytotherapy Bucharest S.A, Romania, and to verify their presence by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and UV (HPLC/MS/UV). Leaves harvested in June had the highest content in polyphenolic derivatives. By HPLC/MS and HPLC/UV were identified luteolin, caftaric and gentisic acids not mentioned in the consulted literature. Rezumat Obiectivul cercetării a constat in determinarea dinamicii de acumulare a derivaţilor polifenolici (acizi fenolcarboxilici, flavone si taninuri) din Fraxini folium (frunze de frasin) recoltat in diferite stadii de dezvoltare, comparativ cu produsul provenit de la S.C. Fitoterapia S.A. România, precum si in verificarea prezenţei acestora prin cromatografie de lichide de inaltă performanţă cuplată cu spectrometrie de masă si UV (HPLC/MS/UV). Frunzele recoltate in iunie au arătat cel mai mare conţinut in derivaţi fenolici. Prin HPLC/MS/UV s-au identificat luteolina si acizii caftaric si gentizic, nemenţionaţi in literatura de specialitate consultată.
Numerical modelling of carbon fibre‐reinforced polymer and hybrid reinforced concrete beams in fire

Investigation on the fire resistance of fibre‐reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete (RC) is essential for increased application of FRP bars in the construction industry. Experimental tests for determining the fire resistance of RC elements tend to be expensive and time‐consuming. Although numerical models provide an effective alternative to these tests, their use in case of FRP RC structures is hindered because of the insufficient constitutive laws for FRP bars at elevated temperatures. This paper presents the details of a numerical modelling work that was carried out for simply supported carbon FRP (CFRP) and hybrid (steel‐FRP) bar RC beams at elevated temperatures. Constitutive laws for determining temperature‐dependent strength and stiffness properties of CFRP bars are proposed. Numerical models based on finite element modelling were employed for the rational analysis of beams using the proposed constitutive laws. The behaviour of concrete was simulated by means of a smeared crack model based on the tangent stiffness solution algorithm. The employed numerical models were validated against previous experimental results. The theoretical rebar stresses were calculated in both the FRP and steel bars, and the differences are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pre-main sequence stars with disks in the Eagle Nebula observed in scattered light

Context. NGC 6611 and its parental cloud, the Eagle Nebula (M 16), are well-studied star-forming regions, thanks to their large content of both OB stars and stars with disks and the observed ongoing star formation. In our previous studies of the Eagle Nebula, we identified 834 disk-bearing stars associated with the cloud, after detecting their excesses in NIR bands from J band to 8.0 μm. Aims. In this paper, we study in detail the nature of a subsample of disk-bearing stars that show peculiar characteristics. They appear older than the other members in the V vs. V - I diagram, and/or they have one or more IRAC colors at pure photospheric values, despite showing NIR excesses, when optical and infrared colors are compared. Methods. We confirm the membership of these stars to M 16 by a spectroscopic analysis. The physical properties of these stars with disks are studied by comparing their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with the SEDs predicted by models of T Tauri stars with disks and envelopes. Results. We show that the age of these stars estimated from the V vs. V - I diagram is unreliable since their V - I colors are altered by the light scattered by the disk into the line of sight. Only in a few cases their SEDs are compatible with models with excesses in V band caused by optical veiling. Candidate members with disks and photospheric IRAC colors are selected by the used NIR disk diagnostic, which is sensitive to moderate excesses, such as those produced by disks with low masses. In 1/3 of these cases, scattering of stellar flux by the disks can also be invoked. Conclusions. The photospheric light scattered by the disk grains into the line of sight can affect the derivation of physical parameters of Class II stars from photometric optical and NIR data. Besides, the disks diagnostic we defined are useful for selecting stars with disks, even those with moderate excesses or whose optical colors are altered by veiling or photospheric scattered light.
Temperature profile of produced gas in oil palm biomass fluidized bed gasifier: effect of fibre/shell composition ratio

Malaysia is known to be one of the largest palm oil producers and also generates huge amounts of oil palm biomass, which is mainly treated as bio waste. One of the efficient methods to recycle this potential oil palm biomass could be gasification technology. Gasification is a process involving conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel into combustible gas using directly heated biomass. From processing of Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) (a biomass example), Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) fibre, shell etc. are produced. In this study, a laboratory scale fluidized bed was developed, an appropriate fibre/shell composition ratio was studied and analysis on profiles of gas produced in the oil palm biomass fluidized bed gasifier was conducted. The effects of fibre/shell composition ratio and rate of reaction on temperature profiles were investigated. Temperature reaction rate and calorific value of oil palm biomass with gas compositions were also analyzed.
Examination of Causal Relationship Among Consumer Goods Price Index, Bovine, and Water Buffalo Milk Price in Turkey With Vector Error Correction Model

In this study, causalities among consumer goods price index (CPI), cattle milk price, and buffalo milk price are researched for Turkey using data covering the period from January 2005 to December 2014. The cointegration analysis and vector error correction model (VECM) are used the casualty relationship among CPI, cattle milk piece, and buffalo milk piece in estimating. According to unit root test, results indicate that each of series is not stationary, when the variables are defined in levels; but that each of series is stationary, when the variables are defined in first differences. Johansen’s cointegration test results show that there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship among CPI, cattle milk piece, and buffalo milk piece. It is concluded that there are three cointegration vectors in the data. Since the series are found to be cointegrated, it used VECM model to test the existence of causality. According to the VECM, there has been no long-term relationship among the variables. In the results of cointegration analysis, its relation between cattle milk piece and CPI is found to be negative. However, a positive relationship has been found between cattle milk price and buffalo milk piece.
Status and Incentives

This article introduces status as reflecting an agent's claim to recognition in her work. This is a scarce resource: increasing an agent's status requires that another agent's status be decreased. Higher-status agents are more willing to exert effort in exchange for money; better-paid agents would exert higher effort in exchange for improved status. The results are consistent with actual management practices: (i) egalitarianism is desirable in a static context; (ii) in a long-term work relationship, juniors' compensation is delayed; and (iii) past performance is rewarded by pay increases along with improved status within the organization's hierarchy. Copyright (c)2008, RAND.
DATABASE OPTIMIZATION FOR LARGE-SCALE WEB ACCESS LOG MANAGEMENT

In this research, we investigate an optimal method of commercial DBMS for analyzing largescale web access log. Also, we develop the preprocessor in memory structure to improve performance and the user management tool for user friendliness. The optimal method of DBMS for management of large-scale web access log is the key issue in this research. We have three stages for this research. The first stage in research is data collection. In this stage, we study characteristics of large-scale web access log data and investigate commercial DBMS tuning techniques. The next stage, we design the system model. The proposed system has three components including pre-processor, DBMS and management tool. To improve the effectiveness the system, Pre-processor hash and sort log data in memory. And we perform DBMS tuning to improve performance. The final stage, we implement system and evaluate the performance. And we develop system management tool for user friendliness. The research output of this project can be divided into analysis of large-scale DBMS, DBMS tuning and system management software. From output, we provide DBMS tuning techniques for large-scale data log. Also it is expected to use of collected data and analyzed information in other area such as network security.
Improving oocyte and embryo competence assessment through granulosa cells transcriptome analysis

The identification of new non-invasive biomarkers to assess oocyte and embryo quality are needed to increase the efficiency of Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART). Cumulus (CCs) and Mural Granulosa cells (MGCs) are closely related to the oocyte during folliculogenesis and are potentially a mirror of oocyte quality. In particular, the transcriptomic of these cells could be used as candidate biomarkers of embryo competence. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature about CCs and MGCs gene expression correlated to different embryological and/or clinical outcomes. Although promising results are reported, the different endpoints and methodologies used in the studies, prevent to reach a general consensus on which genes can be predictive of oocyte health. Multivariate predictive model, controlled for confounding factors are needed.
Biology and epidemiology of Tilletia indica inducing Karnal bunt (partial bunt) of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in arid regions

Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) fields were surveyed during April-May 2007, 2008, 2012 and 2013, to see the incidence of Karnal bunt of wheat (Kb) caused by Tilletia indica in south of Iran. The assessments of disease indicated that there were no teliospores in soils. The experiments were conducted to investigate a substitute for teliospore which survive and produce secondary sporidia. In vitro teliospores on water agar, a type of tiny translucent spores, were seen to reproduce by budding on lids of Petri-dishes several weeks after germination. Floccose colonies producing allantoids sporidia were initiated after mounting the lids over fresh potato dextrose agar medium. On dehydrated colonies of fungus initiated from teliospores on water agar, kept for a period of 2 years at dry condition (10-14% RH; 10-45°C), small radiated colonies were seen to be formed producing secondary sporidia under humidity provided from a piece of moistened cotton wool. Similar tiny spores were captured on slides used as trap mounted over the samples of teliospores free soils under humid conditions. While a number of tiny spores germinated into colonies producing secondary sporidia, numerous secondary sporidia were also seen on the traps among tiny spores which seemed to be released and deposited on slides from soil. Thus, results indicated that wheat fields have been infested through decades by a moiety of T. indica ; so called minisporidia, providing secondary sporidia to initiate disease at favorite conditions in south of Iran.
Ornithol Sci 5: 121–125 (2006)

I studied the relationships between bird community and vegetation in Bavi National Park, Vietnam, during August and September 2004. Bird species richness and bird species diversity were correlated to physiognomic variables of the tree layer, in particular canopy closure and tree basal area. Shrub layer characteristics and floristics, expressed here as tree species richness and tree species diversity, were less correlated to bird species richness and diversity.
Stress Intensity Factor for Interface Cracks in Bimaterials Using Complex Variable Meshless Manifold Method

This paper describes the application of the complex variable meshless manifold method (CVMMM) to stress intensity factor analyses of structures containing interface cracks between dissimilar materials. A discontinuous function and the near-tip asymptotic displacement functions are added to the CVMMM approximation using the framework of complex variable moving least-squares (CVMLS) approximation. This enables the domain to be modeled by CVMMM without explicitly meshing the crack surfaces. The enriched crack-tip functions are chosen as those that span the asymptotic displacement fields for an interfacial crack. The complex stress intensity factors for bimaterial interfacial cracks were numerically evaluated using the method. Good agreement between the numerical results and the reference solutions for benchmark interfacial crack problems is realized.
A Simple Modeling Tool and Exercises for Incoming Solar Radiation Demonstrations

Abstract We present a matlab script INSOLATE.m that calculates insolation at the top of the atmosphere and the total amount of daylight during the year (and other quantities) with respect to geographic latitude and Earth's obliquity (axial tilt). The script output displays insolation values for an entire year on a three-dimensional graph. This tool facilitates classroom discussion of broadly based concept questions regarding the effect of insolation on seasonality and climate. It can be used to demonstrate insolation patterns and changes that apply to a wide range of sciences, including climatology, biology, ecology, planetary science, and green engineering. Students who used the script in class assignments in an introductory level Earth science course showed an overall 32% improvement in scores on associated test and quiz questions compared with students who did not use the script to demonstrate the effects of obliquity and latitude on insolation.
INTERNATIONALIZATION OF COMPANIES IN INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS: A STUDY OF MEDICAL, DENTAL AND HOSPITAL SUPPLY INDUSTRIES IN RIBEIRÃO PRETO - SP

A trend, both national and international, has been identified in academic research, as well as in business and government. Micro, small and medium sized companies have sought to organize strategic networks of inter-organizational cooperation to be more competitive in their markets or even ensure survival in face of fierce competition arising from globalization. This research investigated relations of the internationalization process that allow these companies to cooperate in industrial clusters and local productive arrangements as opposed to penetration of individual companies in international markets. The method of case study was used to carry out this research. Results show that these companies are very much in favor of the internationalization process, and that this center may now be characterized as an exporter. Interorganizational cooperation was cited by SEBRAE–SP as extremely important not only for survival of companies monitored, but also for their entry into international markets and increased exports.
Using CLIL Approach to Improve English Language in a Colombian Higher Educational Institution

In Colombia, the development of communicative skills of English as a foreign language in students of Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) is considered as a priority so the professionals can face the challenges of a globalized world. This project aimed to determine the effectiveness of using CLIL approach through the academic subjects in first learning level students of a Nursing program. The research had a mixed quasi experimental design of a control group not equivalent with measurements before and after CLIL interventions, which consisted in accompanying and guidance to six teachers who instruct the seven subjects of the academic program in which the experimental group was. Along 17 applications designed from the 4C’s (Content, Cognition, Communication and Culture), and the methodology collaborative work, students showed a significant progress in using communicative and cognitive abilities according with the development performances. The used tests to evaluate students’ English level showed from the statistical data analysis, applying T-student test, that initiating the process the mean of the control group was significantly higher than the mean of the experimental group, and posteriorly to CLIL approach applications, a mean improvement of the experimental group was observed becoming statistically similar to the mean of the control group. The research results provide a pedagogical path to strengthen bilingualism processes and to contribute with graduate’s communicative competences in a foreign language.
Bilayer thickness in unilamellar phosphatidylcholine vesicles : small-angle neutron scattering using contrast variation

The thickness of the lipid bilayer in extruded unilamellar vesicles prepared from synthetic 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3phosphorylcholines with monounsaturated acyl chains (diCn:1PC, n=14–22) was studied at 30 C in the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiment. Several contrasts of the neutron scattering length density between the aqueous phase and phospholipid bilayer of vesicles were used. The experimental data were evaluated using the small-angle form of the Kratky–Porod approximation ln[I(q)q] vs. q of the SANS intensity I(q) in the appropriate range of scattering vector values q to obtain the bilayer radius of gyration Rg and its extrapolated value at infinite scattering contrast Rg . The bilayer thickness parameter evaluated from a linear approximation of dependence of gyration radius on the inverse contrast was then obtained without using any bilayer structure model. The dependence of the thickness parameter dgD12 Rg inf on the number n of acyl chain carbons was found to be linear with a slope of 1.870. 2 ( A per one acyl chain carbon. This slope can be used in bilayer–protein interaction studies. r 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 87.16. Dg; 87.64. Bx; 61.12. Ex
Suggestive Approaches to Create a Recommender System for GitHub

Recommender system suggests users with options that may be of use to them or may be of their interest or liking. These days recommender systems are used widely on most systems and especially on those which are connected to World Wide Web, it may be a mobile app, a desktop application, or a website. Most advertisements on these systems are focused on targeting a specific group. Recommender systems provide a solution to such a scenario where the recommendations need to be targeted based on a user profile. Almost all commercial, collaborative or even social networking websites rely on recommender systems. In this paper, we specifically focus on GitHub, a source code hosting site and one of the most popular platforms for online collaborative coding and sharing. GitHub offers an opportunity for researchers to perform analysis by providing REST-based APIs for downloading its data. GitHub hosts a vast amount of user repositories so it is quite difficult for a GitHub user to decide to which repository she should contribute on GitHub. So, our paper aims to review different approaches that can be used for creating a recommender system for GitHub, to provide personalized suggestions to GitHub users to which repositories they should contribute. In this paper, we have discussed collaborative filtering, content-based filtering, and hybrid filtering, knowledge-based and utility-based approaches of a recommender system.
A Numerical Study of the Role of Cold Convective Cloud Parameterization in Precipitation Pattern at Ground Surface

In this paper, improvement of the one-dimensional cold thunderstorm model in view of microphysical parameterization has been presented. We included 32 microphysical processes with six water substances including water vapor, cloud droplet, cloud ice ,rain, snow, and hail (graupel) instead of nine cloud microphysical processes with four water substances (water vapor, cloud droplet, rain, and hail) . The developed cloud model showed a significant effect on the precipitation amount and pattern at the ground surface. The maximum rainfall intensity at the surface reached 114 mm/h instead of 34 mm/h. The time period of precipitation became 63 minutes instead of 51 minutes, i. e. it was reduced about 12 minutes. It can be said that the findings of the present study are more reasonable and consistent with the observed thunderstorm precipitation which produces high rainfall intensity naturally in a short period of time at the surface.