Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlations between nitrate reduction, protein synthesis and malate accumulation.

The reduction of nitrate in leaves establishes an ‘excess’ of cations in the tissue which is rapidly neutralized by the synthesis of malate. Malate synthesized in nitrate-containing leaves accumulates while malate synthesized in nitrate-depleted leaves disappears gradually. The levels of nitrate reductasc and malate synthesis change similarly during leaf growth. Good correlation was also found between the rate of protein synthesis and the rale of malate synthesis. Stoichiometric relation between the amount of nitrate reduced and malate accumulated may be observed in short-term experiments.
RGS4 controls secretion of von Willebrand factor to the subendothelial matrix

ABSTRACT The haemostatic protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) exists in plasma and subendothelial pools. The plasma pools are secreted from endothelial storage granules, Weibel–Palade bodies (WPBs), by basal secretion with a contribution from agonist-stimulated secretion, and the subendothelial pool is secreted into the subendothelial matrix by a constitutive pathway not involving WPBs. We set out to determine whether the constitutive release of subendothelial VWF is actually regulated and, if so, what functional consequences this might have. Constitutive VWF secretion can be increased by a range of factors, including changes in VWF expression, levels of TNF and other environmental cues. An RNA-seq analysis revealed that expression of regulator of G protein signalling 4 (RGS4) was reduced in endothelial cells (HUVECs) grown under these conditions. siRNA RGS4 treatment of HUVECs increased constitutive basolateral secretion of VWF, probably by affecting the anterograde secretory pathway. In a simple model of endothelial damage, we show that RGS4-silenced cells increased platelet recruitment onto the subendothelial matrix under flow. These results show that changes in RGS4 expression alter levels of subendothelial VWF, affecting platelet recruitment. This introduces a novel control over VWF function. Summary: Changes in RGS4 expression alter levels of subendothelial, matrix-associated VWF, affecting platelet recruitment in a model of endothelial damage. This introduces a novel control over VWF function.
Crystallography, in Silico Studies, and In Vitro Antifungal Studies of 2,4,5 Trisubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole Analogues

A series of 2,4,5 trisubstituted-1,2,3-triazole analogues have been screened for their antifungal activity against five fungal strains, Candida parapsilosis, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger, and Trichophyton rubrum, via a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) microdilution assay. Compounds GKV10, GKV11, and GKV15 emerged as promising antifungal agents against all the fungal strains used in the current study. One of the highly active antifungal compounds, GKV10, was selected for a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis to unequivocally establish its molecular structure, conformation, and to understand the presence of different intermolecular interactions in its crystal lattice. A cooperative synergy of the C-H···O, C-H···N, C-H···S, C-H···π, and π···π intermolecular interactions was present in the crystal structure, which contributed towards the overall stabilization of the lattice. A molecular docking study was conducted for all the test compounds against Candida albicans lanosterol-14α-demethylase (pdb = 5 tzl). The binding stability of the highly promising antifungal test compound, GKV15, from the series was then evaluated by molecular dynamics studies.
Multi-Hypothesis Machine Translation Evaluation

Reliably evaluating Machine Translation (MT) through automated metrics is a long-standing problem. One of the main challenges is the fact that multiple outputs can be equally valid. Attempts to minimise this issue include metrics that relax the matching of MT output and reference strings, and the use of multiple references. The latter has been shown to significantly improve the performance of evaluation metrics. However, collecting multiple references is expensive and in practice a single reference is generally used. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach: instead of modelling linguistic variation in human reference we exploit the MT model uncertainty to generate multiple diverse translations and use these: (i) as surrogates to reference translations; (ii) to obtain a quantification of translation variability to either complement existing metric scores or (iii) replace references altogether. We show that for a number of popular evaluation metrics our variability estimates lead to substantial improvements in correlation with human judgements of quality by up 15%.
Histone modification dynamics as revealed by multicolor immunofluorescence-based single-cell analysis

ABSTRACT Post-translational modifications on histones can be stable epigenetic marks or transient signals that can occur in response to internal and external stimuli. Levels of histone modifications fluctuate during the cell cycle and vary among different cell types. Here, we describe a simple system to monitor the levels of multiple histone modifications in single cells by multicolor immunofluorescence using directly labeled modification-specific antibodies. We analyzed histone H3 and H4 modifications during the cell cycle. Levels of active marks, such as acetylation and H3K4 methylation, were increased during the S phase, in association with chromatin duplication. By contrast, levels of some repressive modifications gradually increased during G2 and the next G1 phases. We applied this method to validate the target modifications of various histone demethylases in cells using a transient overexpression system. In extracts of marine organisms, we also screened chemical compounds that affect histone modifications and identified psammaplin A, which was previously reported to inhibit histone deacetylases. Thus, the method presented here is a powerful and convenient tool for analyzing the changes in histone modifications. Highlighted Article: Profiling histone modification dynamics during the cell cycle, in response to lysine demethylase overexpression and upon chemical inhibitor treatments.
Embryonic Survival and Egg Numbers in Small and Large Populations of the Frog Heleioporus albopunctatus in Western Australia

Abstract A critical component of amphibian life history relates to understanding the role of embryonic mortality in regulating recruitment and, therefore, population size. We examined the predictions that small populations have higher embryonic mortality and reduced clutch sizes in the Western Australian frog, Heleioporus albopunctatus. Embryonic mortality was low, averaging 3% per clutch. Four of 55 clutches examined (∼ 7%) were infested by dipteran larvae. We found no significant relationship between clutch size or embryonic mortality and population size.
Affective computing in the modern workplace

Affective computing refers to a class of computer-based solutions that analyse data about human behaviour, such as facial expressions, gestures, and language, for its emotional information. The term was first coined 25 years ago when the ability for computers to perform basic sensorimotor tasks such as object detection in images was in its infancy. This article revisits the subject and considers how it is being applied in real-world applications today. We look at research from cognitive science informing our understanding of emotions and how computing capabilities have advanced in recent years to produce cognitive algorithms capable of detecting human attention, emotion and health. Affective computing offers the potential to revolutionise how we incorporate emotion as information in communications and decision systems. However, much of the underlying research that forms the foundations for emotion detection is being challenged, raising concerns about the ethics, trustworthiness and viability of such platforms. This article presents a critique of the technologies and appraises their suitability for real-world applications as part of a modern workplace.
Allozyme Divergence in Two Syntopic Liolaemus of the Liolaemus monticola Group (Squamata: Tropiduridae)

Abstract Genetic divergence between two traditionally recognized subspecies, Liolaemus monticola chillanensis and Liolaemus monticola ssp. , was assessed by allozymic comparison. Both morphotypes are syntopic and restricted to the mountains of the Cordillera de Chillán. Results of 17 presumptive loci have shown diagnostic alleles at five loci in Esterases and MDHP enzymatic systems. This provides evidence that both morphotypes show strong differences in their genetic structure, and they are independent lineages.
Interpreting and Implementing the Long Term Athlete Development Model: English Swimming Coaches' Views on the (Swimming) LTAD in Practice

The LTAD (Long Term Athlete Development) model has come to represent a sports-wide set of principles that significantly influences national sports policy in England. However, little is known about its impact ‘on the ground. ’ Research is yet to investigate how national sporting bodies have adapted the model to their specific requirements and how local interpretation and implementation of this is operationalized and delivered. The study reported on here sought to redress this oversight by inquiring into competitive swimming coaches’ views on the interpretations and implementation of the LTAD model used in English swimming. It draws on data generated during interviews with six elite and five non - elite swimming coaches in the north of England. While there were concerns with aspects of the ASA (Amateur Swimming Association) regulations governing competition for age - group swimmers, the major concern expressed by participants was with over - emphasizing volumes of training, leading to the neglect of technique.
Stable production of transgenic pepper plants mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

The aim of this study was to establish a stable transformation method for hot pepper using the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt)/hygromycin selection strategy. Explants from aseptic pepper seedlings were inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying pCAMBIA1301. A number of calli were developed on the medium containing hygromycin to discriminate the induction of "false-positive buds," and then shoots were successfully regenerated from the hygromycin-resistant calli. Southern and Northern hybridization analysis indicated that the hpt gene was integrated and expressed in the transgenic pepper plants (To) and transmitted to the progeny (T 1 ) without genetic modification. Most T 1 progenies derived from self-pollination revealed a 3:1 segregation ratio for hygromycin resistance, indicating that one copy of the T-DNA was integrated into the respective transgenic lines. Both uidA and hpt genes were stably expressed in the T 1 generation and coinherited in the progenies. Finally, homozygous progenies were identified in the T 1 generation of the transgenic peppers, and the homozygous state was maintained in all progenies tested (T 2 ). The results show the reliability and stability of the hpt/hygromycin selection protocol for pepper transformation.
SHORT NOTE (NOTA CORTA) CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DEGRADATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PUNCTURE VINE (Tribulus terrestris) (COMPOSICION QUIMICA Y DEGRADACION RUMINAL DE Tribulus terrestris)

Department of Forest Resources and Wildlife Management, National University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. E-mail: allans20022002@yahoo.com, Department of Animal Science, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP 167, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe Department of Agriculture, Bindura University of Science Education, P.O. Box 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe Matopos Research Station, P. Bag K 5137, Bulawayo Corresponding author
A strategy to identify potential germplasm for improving yield attributes using diversity analysis in sorghum

The potential yield levels of sorghum, an important crop in the semi-arid regions of the world, are stagnating due to the narrow genetic base of the genotypes utilized in the sorghum improvement programmes worldwide. For utilization of genetic diversity in any crop, adequate genetic characterization of relevant germplasm is a prerequisite. Therefore, we attempted to identify the potential germplasm lines for improvement of yield in a set of 135 germplasm lines belonging to different races. The experiment was carried out in an augmented design during 2002, and in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) for selected lines during 2003. The correlation studies indicated that besides panicle weight, the number of grains/unit length of primary branch and the number of secondary branches/primary branch had significant positive relation with grain yield. IS nos 1259, 5447, 5725 and 2036 were promising for more than one yield component. The study indicated that besides caudatum race, the lines belonging to guinea, kafir and inter-races with them are good sources for different yield components. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis grouped 40 germplasm lines into eight clusters, with maximum inter-cluster distance between clusters II and III. Utilization of the germplasm lines belonging to different clusters in improving yield components is discussed.
Effective Inter-Clause Modeling for End-to-End Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction

Emotion-cause pair extraction aims to extract all emotion clauses coupled with their cause clauses from a given document. Previous work employs two-step approaches, in which the first step extracts emotion clauses and cause clauses separately, and the second step trains a classifier to filter out negative pairs. However, such pipeline-style system for emotion-cause pair extraction is suboptimal because it suffers from error propagation and the two steps may not adapt to each other well. In this paper, we tackle emotion-cause pair extraction from a ranking perspective, i.e., ranking clause pair candidates in a document, and propose a one-step neural approach which emphasizes inter-clause modeling to perform end-to-end extraction. It models the interrelations between the clauses in a document to learn clause representations with graph attention, and enhances clause pair representations with kernel-based relative position embedding for effective ranking. Experimental results show that our approach significantly outperforms the current two-step systems, especially in the condition of extracting multiple pairs in one document.
Genética Molecular das Epidermólises Bolhosas * Molecular Genetics of Epidermolysis Bullosa *

Resumo: O estudo das alteracoes moleculares das epidermolises bolhosas tem contribuido para que se compreenda melhor essas enfermidades. Na epidermolise bolhosa simples a maioria dos casos esta associada com alteracao nas citoqueratinas basais 5 (gen KRT5) e 14 (gen KRT14), o que modifica o citoesqueleto na camada basal da epiderme, levando a degeneracao dessa camada, formando bolha intra-epidermica. Mutacoes na plectina (gen PLEC1), componente da placa interna do hemidesmossoma, levam tambem a clivagem intra-epidermica. Na epidermolise bolhosa juncional varios gens estao envolvidos, em decorrencia da complexidade da zona da membrana basal, todos levando ao descolamento dos queratinocitos basais na lâmina lucida, pela disfuncao da aderencia entre esses e a lâmina densa. Alteracoes na laminina 5 (gens LAMA3, LAMB3 e LAMC2), integrina α6β4 (gens ITGA6 e ITGB4) e colageno XVII (gen COL17A1) foram descritas. Por fim, na epidermolise bolhosa distrofica apenas um gen esta mutado, alterando o colageno VII (gen COL7A1), principal componente das fibrilas ancorantes, produzindo clivagem abaixo da lâmina densa, variando fenotipicamente de acordo com a consequencia da mutacao. Outra aplicacao importante dessas informacoes refere-se ao diagnostico pre-natal, com a perspectiva no futuro da terapia genica. Palavras-chave: Diagnostico pre-natal; epidermolise bolhosa; genetica bioquimica; mutacao; reacao em cadeia da polimerase. Summary: New data regarding the molecular aspects of the heterogeneous group of epidermolysis bullosa has brought some important information about its pathogenesis. In epidermolysis bullosa simplex the majority of mutations are localized in the genes of the basal cytokeratin 5 (gene KRT5) and 14 (gene KRT14), cytolysis at this layer with intraepidermal blister is seen under light microscopy. Mutations of plectin (gene PLEC1), a protein found in the inner hemidesmosomal plaque, leads also to intraepidermal blisters. In junctional epidermolysis bullosa many proteins from the basal membrane zone are involved, such as laminin 5 (genes LAMA3, LAMB3 and LAMC2), integrin α6β4 (genes ITGA6 and ITGB4) and collagen XVII (gene COL17A1), the dysfunction which leads to a subepidermal blister, at the level of the lamina lucida. In the third group, epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, the mutations are localized in only one gene (gene COL7A1), where they alter the structure of collagen VII, the principal compound of anchoring fibrils, splitting the skin under the lamina densa. This information can also be used in the prenatal diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa, with future perspectives of gene therapy.
Changes in elemental content in fronds of Azolla filiculoides due to arsenic accumulation

This study analyzed the accumulation of arsenic and its influence on the content of P, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, S, Ca, Cl, and K in fronds of Azolla filiculoides via X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Azolla was exposed to increased concentrations of sodium arsenate (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 μg ml − 1) in Yoshida's nutrient solution. After 96 h, fronds were collected and taken to constant weight to calculate the relative growth rate (RGR), the biomass duplication rate, the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and the elemental concentration via XRF analysis. By increasing As concentrations the RGR and BAF were reduced. The greatest accumulation of As in fronds was achieved at 20 μg As ml − 1, which did not show significant differences with the highest concentration. Accumulation of As in fronds diminished concentrations of Mn, Fe, Zn, S, Ca, and K, while the concentration of P remained low but unchanging. The P content was significantly lower than the As content, thus the As:P ratio in fronds enhanced as the As concentration increased. Concentrations of Cl and Cu were unaffected due to As. This is one of the first reports about the influence of As-accumulation on the elemental content in Azolla fronds.
A study of the stereocontrolled reduction of aliphatic β-ketoesters by Geotrichum candidum

The conditions necessary to reduce stereoselectively aliphatic beta-ketoesters by G. candidum have been investigated. Ageing of the mycelium allowed a practical preparation of optically pure (R)-ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, as a result of stereoselective reduction, enantioselective metabolism and stereoisomer interconversion. The stereoconversion of 3S-hydroxybutanoate into the 3R-enantiomer via 3-oxoester formation has been demonstrated to be a determining factor in the building of the optical purity of the resulting product. Enantioselective preparations of higher homologous 3R-hydroxyesters are described.
tBERT: Topic Models and BERT Joining Forces for Semantic Similarity Detection

Semantic similarity detection is a fundamental task in natural language understanding. Adding topic information has been useful for previous feature-engineered semantic similarity models as well as neural models for other tasks. There is currently no standard way of combining topics with pretrained contextual representations such as BERT. We propose a novel topic-informed BERT-based architecture for pairwise semantic similarity detection and show that our model improves performance over strong neural baselines across a variety of English language datasets. We find that the addition of topics to BERT helps particularly with resolving domain-specific cases.
APPLICATION ASPECTS OF ANIMAL AND HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMICS

Currently, extensive investigations are being carried out in the area of mito- chondrial genomics. Mitochondrial DNA is used in many fields of science, e.g. evolu- tionism, phylogeography, anthropology, archaeology, forensics, medical diagnostics, veterinary medicine, molecular ecology, population genetics, and animal breeding. Mitochondrial markers, haplotypes, or haplogroups are associated with pathogene- sis of diseases, evolution and origin of organisms, and identification of species. An interesting direction based on mitochondrial DNA sequences is the research into po- lymorphisms/mutations that can be related to economically important utility traits of livestock. The use of mtDNA has drawbacks due to the low power of discrimination and pattern of inheritance. Still, mtDNA has many advantages as a marker; therefore, it is often used in both basic and applied research.
Nutrient Content of Opuntia Forage Clones in the Mendoza Plain, Argentina ♦

Variations in organic matter (OM), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), and dry matter (DM) with cladode age were examined for seven Opuntia forage clones. The nutritional parameters were measured for three age classes. Data were analysed using ANOVA, linear regression analysis and principal components analysis. For all age classes combined, clones showed high OM (81.6% to 86.8% DM), and IVOMD (69.5% to 82.1%) and low protein content (3.2% to 5.0% DM). They had from 22.7% to 27.1% NDF, and from 12.0% to 16.0% ADF (dry-weight basis); DM ranged from 7.3% to 11.5%. A significant (p <0.05) or close to be significant (p = 0.08) linear relationship between each nutritional parameter and age classes was found for all clones, except for OM that showed a significant (p <0.05) linear relationship only for two clones. Each clone was associated with a high content of one or two particular nutritional parameters. The clone SJ of O. ficus-indica that had greater average percent CP than the other clones and a high IVOMD value appears to be the most outstanding clone.
Effect of different plant growth regulator on in vitro propagation of endangered plant; yellow tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

In the present study, a convinient procedure for in vitro propagation of yellow tomato plant, (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under the risk of extinction, was developed. Shoot tip, hypocotyl, cotyledon, leaf, node and internode were excised from sprout seedlings and used for explant sources. In vitro adventitious shoot regeneration was achieved in MS medium supported with the particular concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) via direct organogenesis. The most successful (100%) adventitious shoot regeneration was provided from node and shoot tip explants in MS medium supported with the particular concentrations and combinationss of 6-Benzylaminopruine (BAP) and Naphtalane acetic acid (NAA). The highest root formation (100%) was achieved on regenerated adventitious shoot in MS medium supported with Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The whole seedlings regenerated in vitro were adapted to soil and acclimatized in field.
Molecular variability of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus isolates from different Prunus hosts in Tunisia.

Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) was detected by PCR in Tunisian stone fruit germplasm collections. Peach had the highest infection rate reaching 50%, followed by apricot (46.8%), almond (35.5%) and plum (9.5%). The genetic variability of the CP gene of 10 P N R S V isolates was evaluated by SSCP analysis of PCR products and analysis of their sequence. I n phylogenetic trees, Tunisian PNRSV isolates c l u s t e r e d in the three major groups, PV96, PV32 and PE5. However, an almond isolate (AlTun8) segregated as an out-group. This isolate is phylogenetically distant from other PNRSV isolates from different parts of the world and displays nucleic and amino acid identities of 83-86% and 65-74%, respectively, with PV96, PE5 and PV32. This is the first report on the molecular variability of PNRSV in different Prunus hosts in Tunisia.