Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imperfect Price Deflation in Production Systems

Numeraire prices that are measured with error create challenges for econometric estimation. A straightforward approach for a model with linear input demands, such as generated from a quadratic normalized profit function, is proposed where the numeraire price is measured with error. Numeraire measurement error is likely because expected output price is measured imperfectly by actual output price. An approach using generalized method of moments is developed to estimate such errors-in-variables (EIV) systems that avoids use of extra-sample data or additional structural specifications. Monte Carlo examination of small sample properties shows promise. Measurement error is statistically significant using aggregate U.S. agricultural data. Copyright 2007, Oxford University Press.
Syndromes of Depression in Adolescent Age

Objective: The aim of our research was to reveal the rate of occurrence of the symptoms of depression among the adolescent, and the interrelation between each symptom of depression and the sex. Methods: 423 adolescents were involved in the survey, students of secondary schools and secondary grammar schools. (235 girls and 188 boys). For measuring the rate of depression the abridged version of Beck’s Depression Inventory (including 13 items) was applied. Results: We found a considerably high rate of occurrence of depressive syndromes among adolescents; and an especially high rate of occurrence of such syndromes was revealed among adolescent girls.
Data-based On-line Diagnosis Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

For a good product quality and plant safety, it is necessary to implement the on-line monitoring and diagnosis schemes of industrial processes. Combined with monitoring systems, reliable diagnosis schemes seek to find assignable causes of the process variables responsible for faults or special events in processes. This study deals with the real-time diagnosis of complicated industrial processes from the intelligent use of multivariate statistical techniques. The presented diagnosis scheme consists of a classification-based diagnosis using nonlinear representation and filtering of process data. A case study based on the simulation data was conducted, and the diagnosis results were obtained using different diagnosis schemes. In addition, the choice of future estimation methods was evaluated. The results showed that the performance of the presented scheme outperformed the other schemes.
High-order convergent expansions for quantum many particle systems

We review recent advances in the calculations of high-order convergent expansions for quantum many-particle systems. Calculations for ground state properties, including correlation functions and static susceptibilities, for spin models as well as for models of many fermions, such as Hubbard and Kondo models, are discussed. A historical perspective to the subject is provided. Recently important technical advances have been made in perturbative calculations of the excitation spectra of quantum many-particle systems, which enable the calculation of these spectra to high orders. The method, along with its applications, are explained. Fairly comprehensive, though simplified, algorithms for generating lists of relevant clusters, their lattice embeddings and subclusters are presented. The perturbative recursion relations and their computer implementation are also discussed in detail. A compilation is made of various series expansion studies that have been carried out for condensed matter problems. The scope and limitations of these methods are explained, and several open problems are noted.
CANINE T-REGULATORY CELLS IN AGING AND CANCER: QUANTIFYING A UNIQUE T CELL SUBSET

T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs), identified by the markers CD4, CD25, and FoxP3, are an essential part of the immune system and promote tolerance with the purpose of minimizing auto-immune disease. However, if Tregs are overactive, they allow host susceptibility to infectious diseases and cancer, allowing these disease processes to escape normal immune surveillance. There are numerous human studies documenting not only an increase %Tregs in cancer patients, but also correlation with negative prognostic factors and overall survival time. At the time that this research was generated, there were only three veterinary papers examining Tregs in canine cancer patients and they only evaluated CD4+FoxP3+ Tregs because, until recently, there was no commercially available anti-canine CD25 antibody. By cloning and transfecting canine CD25 into CD25 negative HeLa cells, we definitively validated the anti-human CD25 antibody for use in the dog and then quantified CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in healthy dogs and dogs with osteosarcoma. Our data revealed no major differences in %Treg between healthy dogs and those with bone cancer. However, by definitively validating the use of the anti-human CD25 antibody, there is now a more specific way to identify this unique T cell subset and evaluate these cells in a variety of different diseases.
Seawater turbidity and fish communities on coral reefs of Puerto Rico

We investigated the variations of reef fish assemblages on coral reefs that experience different turbidity regimes, by assessing the association between the vertical extinction coefficient for photosynthetically active radiation (K d PAR ) and communities of fishes and corals at 21 reef sites in La Parguera, southwest Puerto Rico. Statistical correlations and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) identified turbidity as an important environmental parameter affecting ecological processes on coral reefs, as reflected by changes in the composition and abundance of reef fishes and benthic communities. Lower fish density and species richness was found at turbid sites. Turbidity was also negatively correlated to percent coral cover, which together with rugosity, were additional habitat parameters shaping reef fish assemblages. Bluehead wrasse Thalassoma bifasciatum and yellowtail damselfish Microspathodon chrysurus were species rarely present at turbid sites and abundant at clear ones. The yellowtail hamlet Hypoplectrus chlorurus and sharknose goby Elacatinus evelynae had the opposite distribution along the turbidity gradient. We identified seawater turbidity as an additional predictor of the reef fish community structure in La Parguera, in addition to live coral cover and reef rugosity. Because coral reefs and reef fishes were less complex (lower rugosity, less species richness, less diversity) in more turbid sites, managing for clear water conditions within the coastal area of La Parguera should lead to improved ecosystem resilience and stability, and should become a primary goal of management.
Finite Difference Method in Stress Analysis of Anchorage Zone of Highway Extradosed Cable Stayed Bridge

With the development and wide application of extradosed cable stayed bridge, an effective method is needed for simulation of the stress distribution in anchorage zone, which plays a vital role in transferring force from the cable to the pylon and diverting the cable direction. Based on the Finite Difference Method (FDM), an efficient and practical method of stress filed simulation was presented in the paper. First, a plane finite element model was established using ABAQUS, to determine the boundary condition for FDM. Based on this, FDM was used to simulate the stress distribution of the concrete in the anchorage zone. Finally, on the simulation result was calculated and in comparison with finite element model result. It has been found that: The vertical compressive stress of concrete in the anchorage zone gradually reduces from the middle to the two sides, and the stress assumes double peak type in transverse. Compared with the finite element solutions, the approximate solution simulated by FDM improve the computational efficiency with certain accuracy keeping, except the loading area. In vertical orientation, the concrete in the place of H (the width of the pylon) from cable force acting position is in a state of uniform stress.
Compact graphene field effect transistor modeling with quantum capacitance effects

A scaled down graphene field effect transistor (GFET) has been modeled by incorporating the quantum capacitance effects. The proposed GFET model scaled down to 90nm has been developed using compact model equations. Metal oxide gated compact GFET models have been modeled without considering variation of top gate capacitance with quantum capacitance effects. But the effects of deviation of quantum capacitance become more with scaling down and cannot be neglected. In this paper the compact drain current equation has been derived by incorporating the dependence of quantum capacitance on the channel voltage and on intrinsic parameters of the device has been considered. The parameters of interest for circuit design have been determined from current characteristics, transfer characteristics, trans-conductance, and transit frequency. As the measure of performance of the model library in a circuit is often defined as unit gate delay, we propose to determine the rise time and fall time of a single GFET inverter and present the results.
On planar self-similar sets with a dense set of rotations

We prove that if E is a planar self-similar set with similarity dimension d whose defining maps generate a dense set of rotations, then the d-dimensional Hausdorff measure of the orthogonal projection of E onto any line is zero. We also prove that the radial projection of E centered at any point in the plane also has zero d-dimensional Hausdorff measure. Then we consider a special subclass of these sets and give an upper bound for the Favard length of E(ρ) where E(p) denotes the />-neighborhood of the set E.
Mekanik ventilatörden ayi{dotless}rma ve ekstübasyon sonrasi{dotless} başari{dotless}si{dotless}zli{dotless}k

In the event of acute respiratory failure, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is a required practice to support gas exchanges and to unload respiratory muscles. It is important to optimise the timing of effective need of IMV. Weaning is defined as the process of gradual removal of mechanical ventilation support toward spontaneous ventilation. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) efficacy have been proved only in a selected population of patients such as people with acute-on-chronic respiratory failure (COPD exacerbation) to shorten the length of invasive mechanical ventilation, the intensive care unit (ICU) stay and to avoid intubation related complications such as VAP. The role of NIV in all the other conditions (i.e. hypoxic patients, post-surgical patients) remains unclear. In the event of unplanned extubations during the weaning period, NIV could be considered as a good option to prevent re-intubation. (Tur Toraks Der 2011; 12: 27-31)
Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications

The survey of the relevant literature showed that there have been many studies for portfolio optimization problem and that the number of studies which have investigated the optimum portfolio using heuristic techniques is quite high. But almost none of these studies deals with particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach. This study presents a heuristicapproachtoportfoliooptimizationproblemusingPSOtechnique.Thetestdataset is the weekly prices from March 1992 to September 1997 from the following indices: Hang Seng in Hong Kong, DAX 100 in Germany, FTSE 100 in UK, S&P 100 in USA and Nikkei in Japan.Thisstudyusesthecardinalityconstrainedmean-variancemodel.Thus,theportfolio optimization model is a mixed quadratic and integer programming problem for which efficient algorithms do not exist. The results of this study are compared with those of the genetic algorithms, simulated annealing and tabu search approaches. The purpose of this paper is to apply PSO technique to the portfolio optimization problem. The results show that particle swarm optimization approach is successful in portfolio optimization. © 2008
Transfusion Medicine 2 Platelet transfusions

Ever since platelet transfusions were shown to reduce mortality from haemorrhage in patients with acute leukaemia in the 1950s, the use of this therapy has steadily grown to become an essential part of the treatment of cancer, haematological malignancies, marrow failure, and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Today, more than 1·5 million platelet products are transfused in the USA each year, 2 9 9 million products in Europe. However, platelet transfusion can transmit infections and trigger serious immune reactions and they can be rendered ineffective by alloimmunisation. There are several types of platelet components and all can be modified to reduce the chances of many of the complications of platelet transfusion. Transfusion practices, including indications for transfusion, dose of platelets transfused, and methods of treating alloimmunised recipients vary between countries, and even within countries. We review commonly used platelet components, product modifications, transfusion practices, and adverse consequences of platelet transfusions.
Determinants of Productivity

Due to lack of reliable data, combined factor productivity has not yet been computed in developing countries on non erroneous bases. This would mislead to the identification of the determinants of CFP. The aim of this section is to identify some of the possible determinants of CFP in Ethiopian manufacturing firms. The dynamic panel data estimation, using a system of GMM, has been a selected approach. It has been hypothesized that, among others, insufficiency of finance (working capital) would significantly affect the productivity of firms. Results from the analysis show that all factor intensities, labour taking the lead and energy the tail, have negative and significant influence on combined factor productivity at 1% level of significance except energy at 5% in both KLEM and KL models. Shortage of foreign currency and working capital both as proxy of financial insufficiency, wielded significant effect on productivity in KLEM and KL models respectively at 10% level of significance. Export and training in their dummies have also shown positive and significant influence on combined factor productivity.This suggested that labour quantification results in loss of combined factor productivity gain unless accompanied by quality enhancement instruments such as training. Keywords: CFP, Determinants, Factor intensity, partial productivity
Towards a Holistic Curriculum: How Significant is Learners’ Participation in Co-curricular Activities?

Abstract The study sought to establish learners’ views on the significance of their participation in school cocurricular. A quantitative-cum-qualitative descriptive survey design was followed. Data were solicited from learners in both private and public schools in one educational district in South Africa. A convenient sample of 200 learners participated in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS statistical software package version 21 and presented through a blend of both descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis method and presented through verbatim quotations of the respondents. The study found that learners were agreeable on the importance of participating in co-curricular activities and that skills and values taught in cocurricular activities were as well important for academic success. The study concludes that co-curricular activities were viewed as important components of the curriculum and makes recommendations based on the findings.
A Bipedal Mechanical Walker with Balancing Mechanism

Walkers are mechanical leg devices which perform motion similar to a physiological walk of animals or humans. They have many different usages among which the application for medical rehabilitation of injured persons not capable of walking is the most important. This paper presents the mechanism embedded in a mechanical walker by which the balancing of a human mass centre is accomplished. The benefit of such kind of mechanism is that a walker device with the balanced mass centre can be supplied with the feet of a smaller size. Moreover, it generates more pleasant walking movement, similar to the physiological bipedal motion. This mechanism has been calculated, 3D modelled and its operation simulated, analysed and numerically and graphically described. Finally, the motion of the chosen referent point on the mechanical walker obtained by the simulation is compared with the motion of the corresponding referent point on the human body acquired by camera. The results of this comparison disclosed that trajectories of the chosen referent points on the mechanical walker and human body are almost overlapped. Thus, it has been proven that the mechanism proposed in this paper is capable to balance the mass centre of a human body correctly.
Expression of six malate-related genes in pulp during the fruit development of two loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars differing in fruit acidity

1 Institute of Horticultural Plant Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China. 2 College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China. 3 Fujian Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China.
Ab-initio analysis of magnetic, structural, electronic and thermodynamic properties of the Ba2TiMnO6 manganite

Perovskite-like materials, which include magnetic elements, have relevance because their technological perspectives of applications in the spintronics industry. In this work, the magnetic, structural, electronic and thermodynamic properties of the Ba2TiMnO6 of the perovskite-like manganite are investigated. Calculations are carried out through the Full-Potential Linear Augmented Plane Wave method (FP-LAPW) within the framework of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) with exchange and correlation effects in the Generalized Gradient (GGA) and Local Density (LDA) approximations, including spin polarization. From the minimization of energy as a function of volume using the Murnaghan’s state equation the equilibrium lattice parameter and cohesive properties of this compound were obtained. The study of the electronic structure was based in the analysis of the electronic density of states (DOS), and the band structure, showing that this compound evidences an effective magneticmoment of 3.0 μB. The pressure and temperature dependence of specific heat, entropy, thermal expansion coefficient, Debye temperature and Gruneisen parameter were calculated by DFT from the state equation using the quasi-harmonic model of Debye. A specific heat behavior C V ≈C P was found at temperatures below T = 400 K , with Dulong-Petit limit values, which are quite higher than those, reported for simple perovskites.
Finite Alphabet Control and Estimation

In many practical problems in signal processing and control, the signal values are often restricted to belong to a finite number of levels. These questions are generally referred to as "finite alphabet" problems. There are many applications of this class of problems including: on-off control, optimal audio quantization, design of finite impulse response filters having quantized coefficients, equalization of digital communication channels subject to intersymbol interference, and control over networked communication channels. This paper will explain how this diverse class of problems can be formulated as optimization problems having finite alphabet constraints. Methods for solving these problems will be described and it will be shown that a semi-closed form solution exists. Special cases of the result include well known practical algorithms such as optimal noise shaping quantizers in audio signal processing and decision feedback equalizers in digital communication. Associated stability questions will also be addressed and several real world applications will be presented.
A Continuous-Flow Streamwise Thermal-Gradient CCN Chamber for Atmospheric Measurements

We have addressed the need for improved measurements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) by developing a continuous-flow instrument that provides in situ measurements of CCN. The design presented in this article can operate between 0.1 and 3% supersaturation, at sampling rates sufficient for airborne operation. The design constitutes a cylindrical continuous-flow thermal-gradient diffusion chamber employing a novel technique of generating a supersaturation: by establishing a constant streamwise temperature gradient so that the difference in water vapor and thermal diffusivity yield a quasi-uniform centerline supersaturation. Our design maximizes the growth rate of activated droplets, thereby enhancing the performance of the instrument. The temperature gradient and the flow through the column control the supersaturation and may be modified to retrieve CCN spectra. The principle of the CCN instrument was validated in controlled laboratory experiments at different operating conditions using a monodisperse aerosols with known composition and size. These experiments yield sharp activation curves, even for those kinetically limited particles that have not exceeded their critical diameter. The performance of the CCN instrument was also assessed using polydisperse laboratory-generated aerosol of known composition and size distributions similar to ambient particulate matter. In all tests, the measured CCN concentrations compared well with predicted values and highlight the instrument's ability to measure CCN at various size distributions. The full potential of the new design has yet to be explored; however, model simulations suggest that direct measurements in the climatically important range of supersaturations of less than 0.1% (certainly down to 0.07%) are possible. The new instrument clearly offers a unique level of design simplicity, robustness, and flexilibity (temperature control, large range of supersaturations without flow reversal, and multiple configurations for same supersaturation) necessary for atmospheric studies.