Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contents of 3-alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines in musts and wines from Vitis vinifera variety Cabernet Sauvignon: influence of irrigation and plantation density

The influence of irrigation and plantation density on the methoxypyrazine content in musts and wines has been studied. Samples were monitored throughout grape ripening and wine-making. 3-Isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine, 3-sec-butyl-2-methoxypyrazine and 3-isopropyl-2-methoxypyrazine were identified and quantified. Samples from irrigated vines had significantly higher average contents of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine than samples from non-irrigated plants. Average levels of this compound were also higher in samples from vines with the higher plantation density. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Populations of Orchis militaris, Epipactis palustris and Malaxis monophyllos in the Republic of Mordovia (Central Russia)

Abstract Population-based studies of endangered plant species are key methods for assessment of the status for these plants at any territory. Plant species of the Orchidaceae family are sensitive components in natural ecosystems. That is why determination of the status for their populations can be considered as indicators for the status of natural ecosystem position as a whole. Investigations of three Orchidaceae species populations (Orchis militaris L., Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Swartz) were carried out in Central Russia (Republic of Mordovia). Abundance, density, structure and dynamics of populations of these species were studied. Species composition of accompanying flora was established for each rare species. Some morphometrical parameters of individuals for the studied species were measured. Features of ontogenetic spectrum for Orchis militaris and Epipactis palustris populations were shown.
Treating the Initial Physical Reflex of Misophonia With the Neural Repatterning Technique: A Counterconditioning Procedure

Misophonia is a condition in which a person has an acute emotional response of anger or disgust to a commonly occurring innocuous auditory or visual stimulus referred to as a trigger. This case details the effective treatment of misophonia in a young woman that included a counterconditioning treatment called the Neural Repatterning Technique (NRT), which combines a continuous positive stimulus and a reduced intensity, intermittent trigger. The treatment was delivered via the Misophonia Trigger Tamer smartphone app and all treatments were conducted independently by the patient. In this patient, the trigger elicited a physical reflex of contraction of the flexor digitorum profundus, which caused her to clench her fist. To enhance the effect of the NRT treatment, Progressive Muscle Relaxation was incorporated to increase her ability to deliberately relax the affected muscle during treatment. During NRT treatment sessions, the patient experienced a weak physical reflex to the reduced trigger stimulus but no emotional response. Her emotional response of misophonia was not treated, but when the physical reflex extinguished, the emotional response also extinguished. This case indicates that the misophonic response includes a Pavlovian-conditioned physical reflex. It is proposed that the trigger elicited the physical reflex and the physical reflex then elicited the conditioned emotional response that is characteristic of misophonia. Because of the conditioned reflex nature of misophonia, it is proposed that a more appropriate name for this disorder would be Conditioned Aversive Reflex Disorder.
Revival of the Twin Deficits in Asian Crisis-Affected Countries

This paper revisits the twin deficits argument in the Asian crisis-affected countries. We also include data from the 1997 crisis to examine the disparities in the empirical regularities governing the two deficits in these countries. Empirical results suggest that causality runs from budget deficit to current account deficit for Malaysia, the Philippines (pre-crisis) and Thailand, which fits well with the Keynesian view. For Indonesia and Korea the causality runs in the opposite direction while a bi-directional causality exists for the Philippines in the post-crisis era. As these countries are at a crossroad in the aftermath of the 1997 crisis, managing these deficits are indeed important policy options in promoting macroeconomic stability and sustainability in the region.
Control model design to limit DC-link voltage during grid fault in a dfig variable speed wind turbine

Abstract This paper presents a control model design capable of inhibiting the phenomenal rise in the DC-link voltage during grid- fault condition in a variable speed wind turbine. Against the use of power circuit protection strategies with inherent limitations in fault ride-through capability, a control circuit algorithm capable of limiting the DC-link voltage rise which in turn bears dynamics that has direct influence on the characteristics of the rotor voltage especially during grid faults is here proposed. The model results so obtained compare favorably with the simulation results as obtained in a MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The generated model may therefore be used to predict near accurately the nature of DC-link voltage variations during fault given some factors which include speed and speed mode of operation, the value of damping resistor relative to half the product of inner loop current control bandwidth and the filter inductance.
Transforming Particular Stabilizer Codes into Hybrid Codes

In this paper, we prove how to extend a subset of quantum stabilizer codes into a qudit hybrid code storing $\log_2 p$ classical bits over a qudit space with dimension $p$, with $p$ prime. Our proof also gives an explicit procedure for finding the entire collection of stabilizer algebras for all of the subcodes of the hybrid code. This allows extra classical information to be transmitted without having to arduously search for additional codes and their associated codewords, and also provides a first lower bound to the amount of classical information able to be transmitted in a qudit hybrid code, but unfortunately only allows for $\log_2 p$ classical bits to be decoded by a receiver.
Environmental Regulation and Productivity: The Impact of Emission Standards on the Productivity of the Hog-raising Industry in Taiwan

This research is to investigate whether changes in effluent standards can affect the productivity of the hog-raising industry in Taiwan. Our empirical results show that the strictness of the BOD, COD and SS standards can have an impact on the productivity of the hog-raising industry. Effluent standards changed in 1993 cause the Taiwanese hog-raising industry to shift its cost curve. Effluent standards change in 1998 did not cause a shift in the cost equation. Effluent standards changed in 2004 caused the costs of the Taiwanese hog-raising industry to increase by 52% in comparison to those under the 1993 standard. The vertical shift of cost curve implies that the productivity has been changed.
The complete plastome sequence of Gnetum ula (Gnetales: Gnetaceae)

Abstract This study reports the complete plastome sequence of Gnetum ula, a gymnosperm species of Gnetaceae (Gnetophyta). The plastome is 113 249 bp long. It has a quadripartite structure containing a pair of large inverted repeat regions of 19 772 bp each, a large single-copy region of 64 914 bp, and a small single-copy region of 8791 bp. One hundred sixteen genes were predicted in the plastome, including 68 protein-coding genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and 40 transfer RNA genes. The gene density is 1.024 (genes/kb). Similar to other known Gnetum plastomes, the G.ula plastome has lost 20 protein-coding genes commonly present in other seed plant plastomes. Our phylogenetic analyses indicate that the four sampled Gnetum species are monophyletic and that G. ula is close to the two other lianas rather than the only small tree species, G. gnemon. Our phylogenetic trees also indicate that gnetophytes have the fastest evolutionary rates among gymnosperms.
Actively constructing interactive engineering learning environments

Across the spectrum of engineering, science and mathematics education, recommendations have been made for the inclusion of active learning through the use of more innovative classroom activities. These activities should be aimed at engaging students in the learning process for increased achievement gains. Engineering education researchers have suggested, for the last twenty years, the benefits of implementing active learning approaches to engineering learning environments since various studies have found the achievement gains have significantly improved when students take a more active role in their own learning [1] . However, there exist diverse interpretations and discussions around the idea of what active learning means as well as the types of teaching and learning approaches that have been utilized by engineering faculty aimed at including active learning in their course delivery. In a comparative literature review [2] , it was discovered that there are significant differences in what has been understood and applied in science classrooms as active learning. Consequently, Chi [2] developed a framework of learning activities aimed at highlighting the different types of learning activities that are and can be included in classrooms for maximized results. Building on the work of Chi [2] , this paper seeks to explore the implementation of active learning activities in engineering learning environments. This synthesis of literature on active learning in engineering classrooms will highlight conflicting views on what counts as active learning, identify examples of active learning strategies that are currently being used and where they fit in the active-constructive-interactive framework as well as suggest innovative approaches that may be applied to engineering classrooms without much required change to the overall content delivery.
Degradation of ion exchange resin using Fenton's reagent

The ion-exchange resin is commonly used in the cooling water purification of nuclear reactors, for removing radioactive elements. As the resin is used for long periods of time inside the reactor system, it becomes radioactive. After the useful life of the resins is over, its reutilization becomes inappropriate, and for that reason, the resin is considered radioactive waste. To ensure environment security, the direct solidification of spent ion exchange resin by cementation is currently the main immobilization process, decreasing its release to the environment. This immobilization consists in a mixture of water, cement and radioactive waste. Because of its characteristic of contraction and expansion, the incorporation of resin is limited in 10%, causing high costs in its direct immobilization. Therefore, it is recommended the utilization of a pre-treatment, capable of reducing the resins volume, degrading them, and increasing the load capacity in the immobilization. This work aims to develop a method of degradation of ion spent resins from the nuclear research reactor of Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN), Brazil, using the Fenton’s reagent (hydrogen peroxide and a catalyst). Three forms of the resin were used: cationic (IR 120P), anionic (IRA 410) and a mixture of both resins. The reactions were conducted by varying the amounts of catalyst, hydrogen peroxide and temperature. The resin degradation was confirmed by the presence of CaCO3 as a white precipitate resulting from the reaction between the Ca(OH)2 and the CO2 from the resin degradation. The experiments showed two good different types of method to degrade the resin. One of them is used for cationic or anionic resin and, the other, was used for a mixture of them. Both of these methods will be described in this work with their respective results.
Quadratic optimal fuzzy control

One presents a fuzzy logic approach for optimal control of discrete-time nonlinear dynamic systems with a quadratic criterion. The approach is based on Pontryagin's Minimum Principle. It uses back-propagation from the final co- state error and gradient descent to estimate a sequence of values for the co-state variables converging to the optimal ones. This implies that the controlled variables trajectories converge to the optimal ones. The estimator is implemented through an adaptive fuzzy inference system. The approach allows one to find a solution to the optimal control problem on-line by training the system, rather than by pre computing it. The use of an adaptive fuzzy inference system will allow to incorporate a priori knowledge about the optimal behavior of the co-state variables and to track changes in the system.
Choosing an Advanced Therapy in Parkinson's Disease; is it an Evidence-Based Decision in Current Practice?

BACKGROUND In advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), neurologists and patients face a complex decision for an advanced therapy. When choosing a treatment, the best available evidence should be combined with the professional's expertise and the patient's preferences. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore current decision-making in advanced PD. METHODS We conducted focus group discussions and individual interviews with patients (N = 20) who had received deep brain stimulation, Levodopa-Carbidopa intestinal gel, or subcutaneous apomorphine infusion, and with their caregivers (N = 16). Furthermore, we conducted semi-structured interviews with neurologists (N = 7) and PD nurse specialists (N = 3) to include the perspectives of all key players in this decision-making process. Data were analyzed by two researchers using a qualitative thematic analysis approach. RESULTS Four themes representing current experiences with the decision-making process were identified: 1) information and information needs, 2) factors influencing treatment choice and individual decision strategies, 3) decision-making roles, and 4) barriers and facilitators to shared decision-making (SDM). Patient preferences were taken into account, however patients were not always provided with adequate information. The professional's expertise influenced the decision-making process in both positive and negative ways. Although professionals and patients considered SDM essential for the decision of an advanced treatment, they mentioned several barriers for the implementation in current practice. CONCLUSIONS In this study we found several factors explaining why in current practice, evidence-based decision-making in advanced PD is not optimal. An important first step would be to develop objective information on all treatment options.
Extracellular biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Actinomycetes from amazonic biome and its antimicrobial efficiency

The microbial sources used for the production of nanoparticles are important, and one of the reasons for bacterial preference is their ease of manipulation and ecofriendly potential. Three bacteria strains of Streptomyces genus were used for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The aim of the present study was to confirm Streptomyces spp. as biological systems in the synthesis and extracellular characterization of silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity. The nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), RDX, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In qualitative antimicrobial test, Streptomyces parvulus DPUA 1549 and Streptomyces owasiensis DPUA 1748 showed activity against pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria and yeasts) tested. The AgNPs of S. parvulus DPUA 1549 showed the most efficient minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at low concentrations (1.95 μM) against Staphylococcus aureus. They promoted structural damage to the micro-organism cell surface according to AFM images and also reduced the proliferation of NIH-3T3 cells in the cytotoxic assay. Thus, biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Streptomyces spp. is a potential source to be used in nanomedicine and cosmetology industries. Key words: Streptomyces, tropical region, nanobiotechnology, antimicrobial, cytotoxic test.
Face Recognition on Linear Motion-blurred Image

Most face recognition algorithms are generally capable to achieve a high level of accuracy when the image is acquired under wellcontrolled conditions. The face should be still during the acquisition process; otherwise, the resulted image would be blur and hard for recognition. Enforcing persons to stand still during the process is impractical; extremely likely that recognition should be performed on a blurred image. It is important to understand the relation between the image blur and the recognition accuracy. The ORL Database was used in the study. All images were in PGM format of 92 × 112 pixels from forty different persons, ten images per person. Those images were randomly divided into training and testing datasets with 50-50 ratio. Singular value decomposition was used to extract the features. The images in the testing datasets were artificially blurred to represent a linear motion, and recognition was performed. The blurred images were also filtered using various methods. The accuracy levels of the recognition on the basis of the blurred faces and filtered faces were compared. The performed numerical study suggests that at its best, the image improvement processes are capable to improve the recognition accuracy level by less than five percent.
The Relationship between Components of Intellectual Capital and Performance of Yazd Tile Companies

The purpose of this study was to determine the components of intellectual capital and investigate their relations with Yazd Tile Company. Variables of human capital, structural capital and relational capital as independent variables and productivity, profitability and market value as dependent variables were used to form the research model called company performance. Research method of the present study is practical in terms of purpose and it is based on descriptive correlation method. In this study, questionnaire and data survey methods were used for data collection. Statistical population of this study was Yazd Tile Factories selected using a simple random sampling method. 55 acceptable questionnaires were collected and analyzed using LIZREL software and structural equation modeling was conducted. The results of this study indicate that intellectual capital in general has a direct and significant relationship with performance and among components of intellectual capital; only human capital is directly related to the performance.
Multiple Input DC-DC Converters with Input Boost Stages

A high voltage gain DC-DC converter is proposed. This converter is capable of stepping up voltages as low as 20V to 400V. The proposed converter can draw power from four independent sources which makes it suitable for applications like solar panels. The proposed converter finds its application in integration of individual solar panels onto the 400V distribution bus in DC micro grids. The proposed converter consists of Diode-Capacitor voltage multiplier stages. The converters achieve a high voltage gain by charging and discharging of the voltage multiplier capacitors. The design and component selection procedures are presented. The simulation of converter is done using MATLAB/SimulinkR2014 software. A 2W, 10kHz hardware prototype of the base circuit with Vin=1V and Vout=20V is also implemented in the laboratory. PIC16F877A is used for generating the control pulse. mikroC software is used for programming the PIC.
Comparison of global datasets of sodium densities in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere from GOMOS, SCIAMACHY and OSIRIS measurements and WACCM model simulations from 2008 to 2012

Abstract. During the last decade, several limb sounding satellites have measured the global sodium (Na) number densities in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). Datasets are now available from Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS), the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartography (SCIAMACHY) (both on Envisat) and the Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imager System (OSIRIS) (on Odin). Furthermore, global model simulations of the Na layer in the MLT simulated by the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, including the Na species (WACCM-Na), are available. In this paper, we compare these global datasets. The observed and simulated monthly averages of Na vertical column densities agree reasonably well with each other. They show a clear seasonal cycle with a summer minimum most pronounced at the poles. They also show signs of a semi-annual oscillation in the equatorial region. The vertical column densities vary from 0. 5 × 109 to 7 × 109 cm−2 near the poles and from 3 × 109 to 4 × 109 cm−2 at the Equator. The phase of the seasonal cycle and semi-annual oscillation shows small differences between the Na amounts retrieved from different instruments. The full width at half maximum of the profiles is 10 to 16 km for most latitudes, but significantly smaller in the polar summer. The centroid altitudes of the measured sodium profiles range from 89 to 95 km, whereas the model shows on average 2 to 4 km lower centroid altitudes. This may be explained by the mesopause being 3 km lower in the WACCM simulations than in measurements. Despite this global 2–4 km shift, the model captures well the latitudinal and temporal variations. The variation of the WACCM dataset during the year at different latitudes is similar to the one of the measurements. Furthermore, the differences between the measured profiles with different instruments and therefore different local times (LTs) are also present in the model-simulated profiles. This capturing of latitudinal and temporal variations is also found for the vertical column densities and profile widths.
ects of extracellularATPon thephysiologyofStreptomyces coelicolor A 3 ( 2 )

Because ATP is an extracellular effector in animal and plant systems and derivatives of ATP, such as S-adenosylmethionine and cAMP, can control antibiotic production and morphological differentiation in Streptomyces, we hypothesized that extracellular ATP (exATP) can also affect physiologies of Streptomyces. We found that the addition of 10 mM exATP to Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) cultures resulted in enhanced actinorhodin and undecylprodigiosin production and morphological differentiation on solid medium. However, these phenotypes were reduced by the addition of a 10-fold higher concentration of exATP (100 mM). Intracellular ATP concentrations were also modulated in response to changes in exATP. ATP analogs, added at a 100-fold lower concentration, affected Streptomyces similarly to that seen for 10mM exATP. The enhanced promoter activity of actII-orf4 indicated that 10 mM exATP affect the transcriptional level for actinorhodin production. Results from this study suggest that exATP is an effector for the physiology of S. coelicolor and careful manipulation of exATP may significantly enhance the high-yield production of antibiotics by S. coelicolor.
Correcting the population of Brazilian municipalities using the Jackknife

Este trabalho propoe um metodo para identificar e corrigir a distorcao observada na distribuicao de populacao dos municipios brasileiros presente nos dados de Censo Demografico (Monasterio, 2014). Essa distorcao se caracteriza por uma concentracao elevada de municipios com valores de populacao proximos das faixas usadas como criterio de distribuicao de fundos para os municipios do Brasil (Fundo de Participacao de Municipios, FPM). O metodo proposto utiliza dois passos. Primeiro, busca identificar os municipios candidatos a ajuste, atraves de um metodo Jackknife , e segundo, sugere uma correcao para sua populacao de acordo com um modelo linear que segue a Lei de Zipf de distribuicao de populacao de cidades (ZIPF, 1949). Apos a deteccao e correcao da populacao daqueles municipios, apresentamos o teste de McCrary (2007) o qual nao aponta mais descontinuidades significativas na distribuicao da populacao dos municipios para os anos de 2000, 2007 e 2010 sugerindo o sucesso do procedimento. Mais importante, nao e encontrada alteracao significativa na distribuicao do FPM apos esta correcao.