Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ENGINEERING AND GINNING Influence of Grid Bar Shape on Field Cleaner Performance ­ Laboratory Screening Test

Extractor-type cleaners are used on cotton stripper harvesters and in seed cotton cleaning systems in the ginning process to remove large foreign material such as burs and sticks. Early research indicated that the. shape of the grid bars used in extractors may influence the performance ofthese machines but studies were not conducted to specifically address this issue. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of grid bar cross sectional geometry on extractor per­ formance with regard to foreign matter removal, seed cotton loss, and fiber quality preservation. A laboratory-screening test was used to evalu­ ate nine experimental grid bar geometries along with a conventional round grid bar geometry in twenty-eight machine configurations. Total for­ eign matter removal and seed cotton loss were influenced by machine configuration. Machine configurations that removed the most total for­ eign matter also had the highest seed cotton loss. Machine configuration had no effect on HVI fiber quality parameters and a minimal effect on AFIS fiber quality. The results indicate that foreign matter removal and seed cotton loss increase as the open space between grid bars increases. Find­ ings suggest that total foreign matter removal and seed cotton loss can be improved for field cleaners using grid bars with a flat approach and angled relief installed around the bottom saw cylinder.
Design and Test of a 1.8K Liquid Helium Refrigerator

A liquid helium refrigeration system is being developed that will be capable of testing superconducting specimens at temperatures down to 1.8 K, currents up to 15 kA, and magnetic fields from 0 to 5 Tesla. The superconducting specimens will be immersed in a bath of subcooled, superfluid helium at atmospheric pressure. Subcooled superfluid helium is an ideal coolant for superconductors as it has an exceptionally high thermal conductivity, high heat capacity, and will not readily evaporate. These characteristics allow superconducting specimens to be tested at a constant temperature and therefore allow precise measurement of the critical surface associated with the sample. Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has requested the design and fabrication of this liquid helium refrigeration system in order to characterize Niobium-Titanium superconducting wires and coils that will be installed in the Advanced Photon Source (APS). The low temperature, high current and high magnetic field requirements make this refrigeration system unique and not readily available within ANL or its contractors. This thesis describes the design, fabrication, and an initial test run of the refrigeration system. The proof-of-concept test demonstrated that the system was capable of producing subcooled, superfluid helium, verified the integrity of the cryostat components and instrumentation at cryogenic temperatures, and identified several system enhancements that can be made in order to improve the refrigerator’s performance during future testing.
Using artefacts to mediate understanding in design conversations

The journey from the concept of a building to the actual built form is mediated with the use of various artefacts, such as drawings, product samples and models. These artefacts are produced for different purposes and for people with different levels of understanding of the design and construction processes. This paper studies design practice as it occurs naturally in a real-world situation by observing the conversations that surround the use of artefacts at the early stages of a building's design. Drawing on ethnographic data, insights are given into how the use of artefacts can reveal a participant's understanding of the scheme. The appropriateness of the method of conversation analysis to reveal the users' understanding of a scheme is explored by observing spoken micro-interactional behaviours. It is shown that the users' understanding of the design was developed in the conversations around the use of artefacts, as well as the knowledge that is embedded in the artefacts themselves. The users' confidence in the appearance of the building was considered to be gained in conversation, rather than the ability of the artefacts to represent a future reality. L'exécution d'un projet, de la conception du bâtiment à sa réalisation proprement dite, passe par l'utilisation de divers artéfacts tels que plans, échantillons de produits et modèles. Ces artéfacts sont produits pour plusieurs raisons et pour des personnes possédant différents niveaux de compréhension des processus de conception et de construction. Cet article étudie la pratique de la conception telle qu'on l'observe naturellement dans la réalité en écoutant les conversations qui entourent l'utilisation des artéfacts au tout début de la conception d'un bâtiment. S'appuyant sur des données ethnographiques, l'auteur explique succinctement comment l'utilisation d'artéfacts peut révéler comment un participant comprend un mécanisme. La pertinence de la méthode de l'analyse conversationnelle pour révéler la compréhension d'un mécanisme est analysée en observant les comportements micro-interactionnels verbaux. Il apparaît que la compréhension du concept par les utilisateurs se développe dans les conversations dont le sujet est l'utilisation d'artéfacts et dans la connaissance des artéfacts proprement dits. La confiance des utilisateurs dans l'aspect du bâtiment s'acquiert apparemment dans les conversations plutôt que dans l'aptitude des artéfacts à représenter une réalité future. Mots-clés: artéfacts, communication, analyse conversationnelle, pratiques de conception, processus de conception, conversations sur la conception, représentation, visualisation
Macroscopic Behavior and Microscopic Structure Evolution of Marine Clay in One-Dimensional Compression Revealed by Discrete Element Simulation

Marine clay has been attracting in-depth research on its mechanical behavior and internal structure evolution, which are crucial to marine infrastructure safety. In the formation process of marine clay, including the sedimentation and consolidation stages, the compression behavior and internal structure evolution are highly dependent on the pore water salinity. Discrete element method (DEM) simulation is a powerful tool to study the microscopic mechanics behind the complicated macroscopic mechanical behavior of marine clay. In this study, a DEM simulation scheme is systematically proposed to numerically study the macroscopic beahvior and microscopic structure evolution of marine clay in one-dimensional compression that mimics the marine clay formation process. First, the proposed calculation scheme for double layer repulsive interaction and van der Waals interaction is introduced. Then, the developed DEM simulation scheme is validated by satisfactorily reproducing the experimentally observed one-dimensional compression curves and internal structure transition from an edge-to-edge/edge-to-face flocculated structure to a face-to-face dispersed structure. Finally, evolutions of coordinate number and fabric anisotropy are quantitatively evaluated in the microscopic view. The noticeable effects of ion concentration on the internal structure evlotion and mechanical behavior of marine clay have been examined and discussed.
Critical heat flux performance of hypervapotrons proposed for use in the ITER divertor vertical target

Task T-222 of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) program addresses the manufacturing and testing of permanent components for use in the ITER divertor. Thermal-hydraulic and critical heat flux performance of the heat sinks proposed for use in the divertor vertical target are part of subtask T-222.4. As part of this effort, two single channel, medium-scale, bare copper alloy, hypervapotron mock-ups were designed by Sandia National Laboratories and McDonnell Douglas Aerospace (MDA), fabricated at MDA and tested at Sandia' Plasma Materials Test Facility using the EB-1200 electron beam system. The objectives of our effort were to develop the design and manufacturing procedures required for construction of robust HHF components, verify thermal-hydraulic, thermomechanical and CHF performance under ITER relevant conditions, and perform analyses of HHF data to identify design guidelines, failure criteria and possibly modify any applicable CHF correlations. This paper describes the design, fabrication and finite elements modeling of two types of hypervapotrons, a common version already in use at JET and a new attached- fin design. HHF test data on the attached-fin hypervapotron will be used to compare the CHF performance under uniform heating profiles on long heated lengths to that of localized, highly peaked, off-nominal profiles.
Liquid micromotor driven by continuous electrowetting

This paper aims to acclaim surface tension as a practical microactuation force for MEMS, by developing the ground micromachining technologies and demonstrating a few prototypes including a liquid micromotor. A mechanism called continuous electrowetting is used to drive liquid-metal droplets along microchannels by controlling surface tension with electric potential. The paper first identifies and addresses key issues in employing this powerful surface-tension drive for MEMS throughout the design, fabrication, and testing of a simple test device. The development eventually leads us to a device called liquid micromotor, which demonstrates continuous travel of a mercury drop along a loop of microchannel. Wear-free and smooth rotation is achieved with a speed of 9.4 cm/s at a driving voltage of 10 V.
Model-Aided Controller Evaluation for a Surgical Assistance Robot to Track Patient Movements in Real Time

This contribution describes the model-aided development and evaluation of a surgical robot motion controller that has been performed in order to improve the robot's dynamic behavior during optically navigated real time surgical instrument tracking. The navigation of the robot is realized using a camera-based optical 3D localizing system for visual servoing feedback. In this paper, we present a model-based controller that improves the dynamics of surgical instrument tracking, under the consumption of the limited measurement rate of common optical localizer systems and the use of a velocity-driven robot arm.
Differentiation signals from glia are fine-tuned to set neuronal numbers during development

Neural circuit formation and function require that diverse neurons are specified in appropriate numbers. Known strategies for controlling neuronal numbers involve regulating either cell proliferation or survival. We used the Drosophila visual system to probe how neuronal numbers are set. Photoreceptors from the eye-disc induce their target field, the lamina, such that for every unit eye there is a corresponding lamina unit (column). Although each column initially contains ∼6 post-mitotic lamina precursors, only 5 differentiate into neurons, called L1-L5; the ‘extra’ precursor, which is invariantly positioned above the L5 neuron in each column, undergoes apoptosis. Here, we showed that a glial population called the outer chiasm giant glia (xgO), which resides below the lamina, secretes multiple ligands to induce L5 differentiation in response to EGF from photoreceptors. By forcing neuronal differentiation in the lamina, we uncovered that though fated to die, the ‘extra’ precursor is specified as an L5. Therefore, two precursors are specified as L5s but only one differentiates during normal development. We found that the row of precursors nearest to xgO differentiate into L5s and, in turn, antagonise differentiation signalling to prevent the ‘extra’ precursors from differentiating, resulting in their death. Thus, an intricate interplay of glial signals and feedback from differentiating neurons defines an invariant and stereotyped pattern of neuronal differentiation and programmed cell death to ensure that lamina columns each contain exactly one L5 neuron.
The Impact of Mobility and Entrenchment on Innovative Productivity: Evidence from Genomics Scientist

When scientists move to a new location, they may acquire and recombine new knowledge and form new collaborative networks, which can benefit their innovative productivity. However, the extent of this benefit may be conditional upon how entrenched these scientists were in their former locations and networks. In this study, we investigate the impact of scientific mobility and entrenchment on innovative productivity, in terms of the number of patents applied. Drawing upon the population of 5,809 scientists who have contributed to innovation in genomics by being awarded at least one gene patent, we identify focal scientists who have moved as a result of an exogenous shock from the 1994 Northridge earthquake vis-a-vis similar scientists who did not move. Our difference-in-differences estimates show that these focal scientists who have moved experience higher innovative productivity post move relative to non-movers. However, we also find that this effect is negatively influenced by the presence of a majority of collaborators who were collocated with the focal scientist in the pre-move location and the length of the scientist's tenure, while it is positively influenced by the presence of a recent relocation by the focal scientist into the pre-move location. These findings highlight the previously underexplored disruptive effects of mobility on knowledge acquisition, assimilation and innovative productivity, and have important policy and strategy implications.
Electrophoresis simulations using Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method on a moving mesh

We present the implementation and demonstration of the Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method coupled with an adaptive mesh method for performing fast and highly accurate electrophoresis simulations. The Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method offers higher numerical accuracy than all other finite difference methods and is applicable for simulating all electrophoresis techniques in channels with open or closed boundaries. To improve the computational efficiency, we use a novel moving mesh scheme that clusters the grid points in the regions with poor numerical resolution. We demonstrate the application of the Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method on a moving mesh for simulating nonlinear electrophoretic processes through examples of isotachophoresis (ITP), isoelectric focusing (IEF), and electromigration‐dispersion in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) at current densities as high as 1000 A/m 2$^{2}$ . We also show the efficacy of our moving mesh method over existing methods that cluster the grid points in the regions with large concentration gradients. We have integrated the adaptive Chebyshev pseudo‐spectral method in the open‐source SPYCE simulator and verified its implementation with other electrophoresis simulators.
Quasi-optical reflection circulator

A quasi-optical Faraday rotation ferrite circulator for microwave or millimeter radiation is analyzed by a matrix formalism. Both reflection and transmission configurations at oblique incidence are examined. Numerical results are presented at 35 degrees and 45 degrees incidence across a band centered at 35 GHz. Calculations are also compared with transmission experiments over a 10% bandwidth. Notwithstanding the complexities of oblique incidence, the reflection-type device promises favorable bandwidth, low loss, and isolation comparable to those of the transmission version now in system deployment, and offers the potential for much higher heat-dissipation capability. <<ETX>>
Attitude Decoupling Controller Design of Dual-Ducted SUAV Based on ADRC System

This dual-ducted SUAV is a nonlinear and strong coupling of multiple-input and multiple-output system, and particularly between the pitch and roll channels channel coupling is strong, in order to implement effective control, it must be decoupled. The traditional methods are difficult to achieve effective control of the strong coupling of multivariable systems. For the SUAV model of nonlinear coupling characteristics, based on the establishment of the UAV attitude model, this paper designed an attitude ADRC decoupling controller. The simulation showed this ADRC decoupling controller had strong robustness and immunity, and solved the channels coupling between the pitch and roll.
Forensic Accounting and Investigation: A Means of Curbing Money Laundering Activities in Nigeria

The theme of this summit is “Putting Nigeria on the Pedestal of Sustainable Economic Development: Challenges Strategies and Way Forward”; while my discussion will be on the topic; “Forensic Accounting and Investigation: A means of Curbing Money Laundering activities in Nigeria”. You will all agree with me that to really Put Nigeria on the Pedestal of Sustainable Economic Development, all social, political, and miss-governance vis-a-vis corruption which are seen as the order of the day, and related activities must be checked in order to reduce, and or totally eradicate them. That is when there can be a country of our choice, a country in which our forefather labored and known for.It is a known fact that Money Laundering and its related activities constitutes major problem and impediment to the development of our dear Nation “Nigeria”. This is because, the proceeds of these corrupt practices are constantly being moved out the economic system and later to be re-introduced to the system as though they are “clean monies” from “clean businesses”. Forensic accounting and investigation techniques when properly deployed would help in curbing the menace that is derailing Nigeria’s train from the rail to the Pedestal of Sustainable Economic Development. This my presentation will look critically at the concept of Forensic accounting and Investigation vis-a-vis it’s roles in curbing the activities of corrupts Nigerians who devices Money Laundering as a means of making their illicit monies look clean. A number of available literature were reviewed to arrive at an informed conclusion and recommendation.
An Improved Ant Colony System for a Real Time Routing Strategy

There is a large number of literatures about routing and dispatching plans for automated guided vehicle system (AGVS), however a small fraction of these works dealt with dynamic characteristic of this kind of scheduling problems. Current paper surveys a real time strategy to responding requests for supposed material handling system in the plant. We arranged this designing on a preplanned system where all data are known before the constructing routes. An improved ant colony optimization (ACO) is applied in order to find the shortest route path as new solicitations happened. We explore ACO initially for static version of the problem, which then would be adapted for real time servicing in order to modifying paths with minimum computational effort. During implementing the hybrid algorithm consisting mutation operator applied on candidate routes, a cross exchange frame as a neighborhood search is applied to improve solutions. Numerical example is provided to present the efficiency of this study.
Influence of Lighting Design on Marketing Communication

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the effect of architectural lighting on social milieus and brand personalities for marketing strategies. In a retail environment, the decision to buy can have a greater emotional than functional aspect. The question therefore arises whether lighting could contribute to producing a specific brand image. In addition to the social milieus with the two-dimensional model of social status and value orientation, the study used the brand personality factors based on Aaker, which were adjusted for architecture by Raffelt: temperament, competence, attractiveness, and naturalness. The study included eight different light scenes based on light emitting diode (LED) technology that were created in line with Kelly’s three categories of perception-orientated lighting design: ambient luminescence, focal glow, and play of brilliants. The regression analysis revealed brightness, color temperature, and chromaticity as predictors for several brand factors. No gender differences occurred regarding the evaluation of the brand factors. The economic analysis did not indicate a correlation between the investment or energy costs in relation to the price perception.
Ontogeny and Vulnerabilities of Drug-Tolerant Persisters in HER2+ Breast Cancer.

Resistance to targeted therapies is an important clinical problem in HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer. "Drug-tolerant persisters" (DTPs), a sub-population of cancer cells that survive via reversible, non-genetic mechanisms, are implicated in resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in other malignancies, but DTPs following HER2 TKI exposure have not been well characterized. We found that HER2 TKIs evoke DTPs with a luminal-like or a mesenchymal-like transcriptome. Lentiviral barcoding/single cell RNA-sequencing reveal that HER2+ breast cancer cells cycle stochastically through a "pre-DTP" state, characterized by a G0-like expression signature and enriched for diapause and/or senescence genes. Trajectory analysis/cell sorting show that pre-DTPs preferentially yield DTPs upon HER2 TKI exposure. Cells with similar transcriptomes are present in HER2+ breast tumors and are associated with poor TKI response. Finally, biochemical experiments indicate that luminal-like DTPs survive via estrogen receptor-dependent induction of SGK3, leading to rewiring of the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway to enable AKT-independent mTORC1 activation.
Modelling Energy Consumption In Test Cells

In situ measurements of energy consumption in test cells are often carried out to predict the thermal performance of the insulating product. Design engineers need a of the test cell at any location world wide and also permit comparison of different insulation products. Towards this goal, we present GAP, Global Assimilation Process which is a neural network based meta modeling technique. The key feature of this method is the zero memory minimization routine and a regularization technique that avoids over training of the network. We present the theory and applications of GAP software to predict thermal performance of mineral wool and multi-foil insulation products. GAP based meta models are used to predict thermal performance of these insulation products at different test sites. It is shown that the properly trained neural network model of GAP can accurately predict the energy consumption in test cells of any location.
A Review of the Quality and Impact of Mobile Health Apps.

Mobile health applications (apps) have transformed the possibilities for health promotion and disease self-management; however, their promise is not fully realized owing to their reliance on commercial ecosystems for development and distribution. This review provides an overview of the types of mobile health apps and describes key stakeholders in terms of how apps are used, developed, and regulated. I outline key challenges facing consumers, public health professionals, and policy makers in evaluating the quality of health apps and summarize what is known about the impact of apps on health outcomes and health equity. I suggest that factors within the wider mobile ecosystem largely define the impact of health apps and, most notably, practices around the collection and commercialization of user data. Finally, I suggest that upstream public health strategies, grounded in an understanding of corporate influences on health, are necessary to promote healthy digital environments in which mobile health app innovation can flourish. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 43 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.