Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploit Multi Layer Deep Learning and Latent Factor to Handle Sparse Data for E-commerce Recommender System

: E-commerce service have become popular way to shopping in recent decade. E-commerce machine requires a method to provide ﬁt product information to customer called recommender system. The most of popular recommender system adopted for many large e-commerce companies named Collaborative ﬁltering (CF) due to obtain relevant, ﬁt and essential product information. Even though CF owned some beneﬁt, it has shortcoming inaccurate recommendation when face minimum rating also popular named sparse data problem. Many researches have been conducted to proposed model how to generate rating prediction aim to handle sparse rating effectively. Most of them exploit latent factor model or matrix factorization (MF) to handle this problem, unfortunately, this problem fails to handle the problem when faced serious sparse data. Aims to improve the serious problem on above, several researchers involve auxiliary information in the form of product document or user demographic information respectively. Several researchers implemented Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract product document review incorporate MF that responsible to produce rating prediction, another model exploited Stack Denoising Auto Encoder (SDAE) model as user demographic information extraction incorporate with MF. In this research, considered implementing dual information representation using deep learning model based on SDAE and Long Shorts Term Memory (LSTM) as product review document representation combined into PMF to generate rating prediction. According to experiment report, the proposed model called SLP (SDAE+LSTM+PMF) successful to obtained effectiveness rating prediction based on RMSE evaluation metrices over some current model based on traditional PMF more than 15% in average and superior over CNN more than 0.9% in average.
Methane and carbon monoxide oxidation by nitrifying bacteria

approved: Redacted for Privacy /1))7Kicnara T. muriGd Chemolithotrophic nitrifying bacteria were examined with respect to their abilities to oxidize methane and carbon monoxide in the presence and absence of ammonium. All of the ammonium oxidizers tested, including Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrosococcus oceanus, were able to oxidize both CH4 and CO to CO2 in both the presence and absence of ammonium. All of the ammonium oxidizers were capable of incorporating varying amounts of CH4-C into cellular components, both in the presence and absence of ammonium. None of the ammonium oxidizers were able to incorporate any CO-C in the absence of ammonium. None of the nitrite oxidizers examined were capable of either CH4 or CO oxidation. The effects of CH 4 or CO concentration, temperature, pH, nitrogen source, and the interactions between ammonium and CH4 and CO were examined with respect to CH4 and CO oxidation by several of the ammonium oxidizing bacteria. The ammonium oxidizers tested were capable of oxidizing trace concentrations of CH4 (<1.38 nM) and CO (<0.5 nM). All of the organisms were able to oxidize significant amounts of CH4 and CO over wide ranges of temperature and pH. Evidence is presented that suggests that the chemolithotrophic ammonium oxidizers may play an important role in the biogeochemical cycles of CH4 and CO. METHANE AND CARBON MONOXIDE OXIDATION BY NITRIFYING BACTERIA
Vapor crystal growth technology development: Application to cadmium telluride

Growth of bulk crystals by physical vapor transport was developed and applied to cadmium telluride. The technology makes use of effusive ampoules, in which part of the vapor contents escapes to a vacuum shroud through defined leaks during the growth process. This approach has the advantage over traditional sealed ampoule techniques that impurity vapors and excess vapor constituents are continuously removed from the vicinity of the growing crystal. Thus, growth rates are obtained routinely at magnitudes that are rather difficult to achieve in closed ampoules. Other advantages of this effusive ampoule physical vapor transport (EAPVT) technique include the predetermination of transport rates based on simple fluid dynamics and engineering considerations, and the growth of the crystal from close to congruent vapors, which largely alleviates the compositional nonuniformities resulting from buoyancy driven convective transport. After concisely reviewing earlier work on improving transport rates, nucleation control, and minimization of crystal wall interactions in vapor crystal growth, a detail account is given of the largely computer controlled EAPVT experimentation.
Drug Design: Predicting ADME properties in drug discovery

INTRODUCTION Drug discovery is an extremely risky business. Practically every molecule ever made in a drug discovery research project will be a failure. It is estimated that for every ten research projects producing molecules of high-enough quality to begin clinical testing in man, 10,000 to 20,000 molecules will need to be synthesized. Of those ten clinical candidates, nine will fail, leaving just one new drug in the end. In short, the pharmaceutical industry has a failure rate on the order of 99.99%. These many failures do not come cheaply. The cost of developing a new drug is estimated to be between $500 million and $2 billion, depending on the indication and company. As Dr. Arthur Patchett of Merck said, “Current, major stumbling blocks in drug development are often the clumsy, empirical, and time-consuming efforts required to go from an exquisitely potent in vitro inhibitor to one with good bioavailability and an adequate duration of action. This is the unglamorous part of drug development but often separates highly successful ventures from those which lag behind them. ” Medicinal chemists commonly synthesize potent molecules only to find out later they have poor exposure in vivo and thus poor efficacy. The broad term exposure can be broken down into its component factors: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, which are commonly known as ADME. Solubility is also very important and tends to be implicitly included in discussions of ADME.
Calculation of Vibrational Energy—Spectra of α—Helical Protein Molecules and Its Properties

The quantum vibrational energy-spectra of amide-Is in alpha-protein molecules are calculated by using the discretely nonlinear Schrodinger equation and physical parameters appropriate to the systems on the basis of theory of bio-energy transport. The numerical results for the energy-spectra are basically consistent with the experimental values obtained by the infrared absorption and Raman scattering and emission-spectra of infrared lights of person's hand-fingers. Utilizing the energy-spectra we explain the laser-Raman spectrum from metabolically active E. Coli. and give some features of the infrared absorption of the protein molecules.
HIGH RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY OF BACH3(X 2A1) : FINE AND HYPERFINE STRUCTURE ANALYSIS

The pure rotational spectrum of BaCH3(X 2A1) in its ground vibrational state has been recorded using millimeter/submillimeter direct absorption techniques, the first spectroscopic information obtained for this molecule. The radical was created using Broida-type oven/d.c. discharge methods by the reaction of barium vapor and Sn(CH3)4. Twenty-eight rotational transitions of the main isotopomer 138BaCH3 were recorded, as well as five for 136BaCH3 and three for the 137BaCH3 species. Being a prolate symmetric top, K ladder structure was observed in all transitions for BaCH3, as well as fine structure splittings which arise from the unpaired electron in the molecule. For the 137Ba isotopomer, hyperfine interactions were also resolved, arising from the spin of the barium nucleus. The complete data set has been analyzed with a 2A Hamiltonian, and rotational, spin-rotational, and magnetic hyperfine/nuclear quadrupole parameters accurately determined. The fine and hyperfine structure constants established from thi.
The use of recovery factors in trace analysis

The use and misuse of recovery factors in analytical chemistry considerations in the estimation of recovery in inorganic analysis use of radiosotopic tracers for determination of recovery factors (chemical yields) in trace element determinations by radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) measurement uncertainty - the key to the use of recovery factors? varying uses of recovery facors in US EPA FIFRA registrations studies use of recovery data in veterinary drug residue analysis development of recovery factor for analysis of organochlorine pesticides in water sample by using micro-extraction technique analytical recoveries and their use of correction report of the 20th session of the Codex Committee on methods of analysis and sampling selective list of relevant international standards.
Dielectric Functions of Niobium Doped Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 Thin Films Using Spectroscopic Ellipsometry

Ferroelectric thin films of Nb doped Bi3.25La0. 75Ti3O12 (BLT) were prepared by chemical solution deposition method onto Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrates using spin coating technique. From the X-ray diffraction analysis it was found that films were polycrystalline with single phase. The optical properties of the Nb doped BLT thin films were investigated at room temperature in the 0.72–6.2 eV energy range using spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). Double Tauc–Lorentz (DTL) dispersion relation was successfully fitted in the uv/visible region. Value of the full width at half maxima (Г) in dielectric function plots increased with Nb doping. This increase in FWHM may be attributed to the increase in the trap density in forbidden band which consequently decreases the value of Eg. The optical band gap energy (E g d) was found to decrease with increase in Nb doping concentration. This decrease in E g d with doping may be due to the changes in the defect concentration present in the structure.
What kind of women' education that affects economic growth?

This communication tries to examine what kind of women’ education affects more economic growth. To illustrate this aim, four countries cases have been presented: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Egypt. The motive behind choosing them was because these countries have many common characteristics (religious and cultural norms and values). Using panel model over the period 2000-2012, the results show that women’ education, particularly, tertiary education, women’ labour force participation and institutional capital affect positively economic growth. On the contrary, the primary and secondary school enrolment are negatively linked to the economic growth. This paper concludes that women’ tertiary education is a master-key to improve economic growth and development accompanied by a healthy and good quality of institutional capital and by eliminating all forms of gender discrimination.
Validation of the DNDC-Rice model by using CH4 and N2O flux data from rice cultivated in pots under alternate wetting and drying irrigation management

The DNDC (DeNitrification-DeComposition)-Rice model, one of the most advanced process-based models for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields, has been discussed mostly in terms of the reproducibility of observed methane (CH4) emissions from Japanese rice paddies, but the model has not yet been validated for tropical rice paddies under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation management, a water-saving technique. We validated the model by using CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O) flux data from rice in pots cultivated under AWD irrigation management in a screen-house at the International Rice Research Institute (Los Baños, the Philippines). After minor modification and adjustment of the model to the experimental irrigation conditions, we calculated grain yield and straw production. The observed mean daily CH4 fluxes from the continuous flooding (CF) and AWD pots were 4.49 and 1.22 kg C ha−1 day−1, respectively, and the observed mean daily N2O fluxes from the pots were 0.105 and 34.1 g N ha−1 day−1, respectively. The root-mean-square errors, indicators of simulation error, of daily CH4 fluxes from CF and AWD pots were calculated as 1.76 and 1.86 kg C ha−1 day−1, respectively, and those of daily N2O fluxes were 2.23 and 124 g N ha−1 day−1, respectively. The simulated gross CH4 emissions for CF and AWD from the puddling stage (2 days before transplanting) to harvest (97 days after transplanting) were 417 and 126 kg C ha−1, respectively; these values were 9.8% lower and 0.76% higher, respectively, than the observed values. The simulated gross N2O emissions during the same period were 0.0279 and 1.45 kg N ha−1 for CF and AWD, respectively; these values were respectively 87% and 29% lower than the observed values. The observed total global warming potential (GWP) of AWD resulting from the CH4 and N2O emissions was approximately one-third of that in the CF treatment. The simulated GWPs of both CF and AWD were close to the observed values despite the discrepancy in N2O emissions, because N2O emissions contributed much less than CH4 emissions to the total GWP. These results suggest that the DNDC-Rice model can be used to estimate CH4 emission and total GWP from tropical paddy fields under both CF and AWD conditions.
On the Preferential Location of Al and Proton Siting in Zeolites: A Computational and Infrared Study

Force field atomistic simulations have been used to investigate the Al preferential location and proton siting in zeolites, and the role of the template is shown to be crucial in order to elucidate the Al and acid site distributions. Therefore, it is not the energy of the final structure what controls the Al distribution, but rather the energetics during the synthesis process (zeolite+SDA) that has to be considered, and in this sense the structure directing agent (SDA) accommodation within the microporous space acts not only as a structure director but also as a director of the Al distribution. Once the Al distribution is known, the positively charged SDA can be removed from the calculation and substituted by protons and the population of the four protons in each Al center can be calculated from the corresponding energies. Also, this methodology allows to compute the OH stretching frequencies and, therefore, a map of acid site frequencies, and relative population is obtained which gives a simulation of th.
Environmental Analytical Chemistry

Part I: General Principles And Techniques Introduction Analytical Environmental Data: Assessment And Interpretation Chemical Principles Titrimetry And Gravimetry Separation Techniques General Principles Of Spectrometry Atomic Spectrometry Molecular Spectrometry Measurement Of Ionising Radiations And Radionuclides Electroanalytical Thermal Methods Of Analysis Biological Indicators Part II: Specific Applications Speciation The Analysis Of Atmospheric Samples Trace Elements Environmental Radiation And Radioactivity Contaminated Landsites The Analysis Of Water The Determination Of Trace Amounts Of Organic Compounds Glossary Index
Molecular beam epitaxy grown AlAsSb/GaAsSb distributed Bragg reflector on InP substrate operating near 1.55 μm

Surface normal optoelectronic devices operating in the 1.3–1.5 μm wavelength range require distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) with a practical number (≤50) of mirror layers. This requirement implies a large refractive index difference between the mirror layers, which is difficult to achieve in the traditionally used phosphide compounds. For the first time, an AlAsSb/GaAsSb DBR grown nominally lattice matched to an InP substrate by molecular beam epitaxy is demonstrated. Reflectivity measurements indicate a stop band centered at 1.53 μm, which is well fitted by these theoretical predictions. Atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy indicate reasonable crystal quality with some defects due to an unintentional lattice mismatch to the substrate.
Synthesis of Tramadol and Analogous

Abstract. Tramadol is a drug with analgesic properties. This compoundand five of its analogous were synthesized: N-demethyl (M2), O-demethyl (M1), O-ethyl-O-demethyl, O-benzyl-O-demethyl and Nbenzyl-N-demethyl. All compounds were prepared as their hydrochlorides and as racemic mixtures. The synthesis started with the aminoketones; 2-(N-benzyl, N-methyl)aminomethyl cyclohexanone and 2-dimethylaminomethyl cyclohexanone, prepared by means of a Mannich reaction of cyclohexanone, paraformaldehyde and the corresponding amino hydrochloride. The aminoketones were coupled with the organolithium compounds derived from the corresponding 3-bromoalkoxybenzenes.Resumen. El tramadol es un fármaco con propiedades analgésicas. Este compuesto y cinco de sus análogos fueron sintetizados: Ndesmetil (M2), O-desmetil (M1), O-etil-O-desmetil, O-bencil-Odesmetil y N-bencil-N-desmetil. Los compuestos fueron preparados como sus clorhidratos, en forma de mezcla racémica. La síntesis comenzó con la preparación de 2-(N-bencil, N-metil)aminometil ciclohexanona y 2-dimetilaminometil ciclohexanona mediante la reacción de Mannich de la ciclohexanona, paraformaldehido y el clorhidrato de la amina correspondiente. Las aminocetonas así obtenidas, fueron acopladas con los derivados organolitiados provenientes de la reacción de n-butillitio con los m-bromoalcoxibencenos correspondientes.
Essentials of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

1. Chemistry of Acids and Bases 2. Partition Coefficient and Biopharmacy 3. Physicochemical Properties of Drugs 4. Stereochemistry 5. Drug Metabolism 6. Volumetric Analysis of Drugs 7. Analytical Spectroscopy 8. Chromatographic Methods of Analysis 9. Stability of Drugs and Medicines 10. Kinetics of Drug Stability 11. Licensing of Drugs and the British Pharmacopoeia 12. Medicinal Chemistry - the Science of Rational Drug Design 13. Answers to Problems
Ion-Exchange Chromatography of Proteins

This 10-chapter book is Volume 43 in the Chromatographic Science Series. It includes information on theory, ion-exchange equilibria, diffusion in the ion exchanger, factors affecting separation, and large-scale operation. Most of the references are from the late 1970s and early 1980s. A glossary and index are included.
Chemical Reagents for Protein Modification

Chemical Reagents for Protein Modification, 2nd Edition provides a unique combination of theoretical and practical considerations for the use of chemical reagents for site-specific modification of proteins. The book is divided into three sections, with the first section describing general techniques, including information on the organic chemistry of the various modification reactions; the separation and characterization of site-specific modified proteins, including applications to proteins separated by electrophoresis followed by blotting; the specific chemical cleavage of peptide bonds in proteins; the separation of peptides by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrophoresis; and the use of chemical reagents to assess conformational change in proteins. The second section provides an encyclopedic description of reagents and reactions for the site-specific modification of individual amino acid residues in proteins. The final section presents descriptions of the use of chemical reagents to label biologically significant sites in proteins, including enzyme active sites and the use of covalent cross-linking to measure protein-protein interactions. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of photoaffinity reagents. The book will be an extremely useful research tool for all investigators interested in the solution chemistry of proteins.
Highly-perfect decagonal quasicrystalline Al64Cu22Co14 with non-centrosymmetry

The structure of a decagonal quasicrystal of Al64Cu22Co14, which was a single-grain specimen (a few mm in size) grown by slow-cooling from a melt and subsequently annealed at 1073 K, was investigated using electron diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Electron diffraction patterns of the Al64Cu22Co14 revealed a large number of sharp reflections that indicate a good long-range quasiperiodic order, and convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) analysis identified the space group of the decagonal Al64Cu22Co14 as being non-centrosymmetric . Atomic-resolution Z-contrast STEM imaging showed that the structure can be described based on a fivefold-symmetric decagonal cluster 2 nm across, most of which is found to be located at ideal positions in the pentagonal Penrose tiling with significantly less phason disorders. Therefore, to our knowledge, the present decagonal Al64Cu22Co14 provides one of the best quasiperiodic ordered structures among those belonging to non-centrosymmetric . Further details of atomic configurations within the fivefold-symmetric cluster were also examined using ultrahigh-resolution Z-contrast STEM with an aberration-corrector for the objective lens. This clearly revealed both the Al and Cu/Co sites at resolution close to 1 Å. Atomic arrangements within the cluster are found to be fairly well described based on the fivefold-symmetry cluster that exists in the W-(AlCoNi) approximant crystal, except for the atomistic disorders localized around the cluster centres.
Crystal structures and phase transitions in the rare earth oxides

The lanthanoid sesquioxides exhibit a number of distinct structural phases. Below 2000°C these oxides exist in three crystal systems, namely the A-type hexagonal phase, the B-type monoclinic phase and the C-type cubic phase. With increasing temperature the stability of these structures is generalised by the order C → B → A, although not every oxide will exhibit all phases; this general transition is typical of the middle members of the group. Under ambient conditions, the A phase is preferred for La2O3 to Pm2O3. Both the C and B phases exist for Sm2O3, Eu2O3 and Gd2O3. The C phase is stable at room temperature from Sm2O3 onwards, and at the high atomic number end of the series this phase is preferred. Traditionally, the structures of the heavier sesquioxides (Er2O3 to Lu2O3) have been believed to be cubic from ambient temperature all the way up to their melting points. However, contrary to the current phase diagram, my work has shown that not only are B-type Sm2O3, Eu2O3 and Gd2O3 very stable at ambient temperature, but it is also possible to create 1% monoclinic Yb2O3 by heating and then quenching back to ambient temperature. Of the lanthanoids, praseodymium and terbium are known for their existence in both the +3 and +4 oxidation states. The praseodymium-oxygen system is notable for its multiple stoichiometries. This work presents kinetic data for the phi - beta phase and the sigma - theta phase transitions in this system, the results obtained via high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The crystal structures of B-type Gd2O3 and Yb2O3 are reported, the former obtained using both laboratory and synchrotron X-ray data and the latter using laboratory data alone. It is proposed that this is the first time these two structures have been determined following the application of temperature alone, without the additional application of pressure.