Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting phenotypes from high-dimensional genomes using gradient boosting decision trees

Genomic selection is an emerging technique for predicting unknown phenotypes using genome-wide marker coverage, allowing the use of efficient computational models to select individuals with high phenotypic values as candidate breeding populations. However, Genome Selection (GS) remains challenging inefficient crop breeding due to the limited size of training populations, the nature of genotype-environment interactions, and the complex interaction patterns between molecular markers. In this study, we use ensemble learning algorithms to construct Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT) models to achieve the prediction of phenotypic values from genotypic markers. We trained GBDT using the wheat GS dataset and compared the predictive performance with six other widely used GS models. The Mean Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (MNDCG) method was used to evaluate the ability of each model to select individuals with high phenotypic values. The results of the study show that: (1) Bayesian models converge and reach a steady-state only when a sufficient number of iterations are set. As the number of iterations increases, the prediction accuracy of the Bayesian model increases, but the computational efficiency of the model decreases significantly. When 200,000 iterations are performed, the prediction performance of the five Bayesian models is similar and converges to a smooth state, and their prediction accuracy is 7.60% better than the GBDT model overall, and the computational efficiency of the GBDT model is 70 times that of the Bayesian model. (2) Overall, the overall prediction performance of the RRBLUP model was the best, but for some traits, the GBDT model still had a higher ability to select individuals with high phenotypic values than the RRBLUP and Bayesian models. (3) The prediction accuracy of GBDT and RRBLUP models was influenced by the subset of markers, and the higher the number of markers the higher the prediction accuracy of the models, so the reasonable selection of genetic marker data of appropriate size could improve the prediction performance of the models.
A framework for implementing Industrie 4.0 in learning factories

Globalisation and resource scarcity have drastically increased the intensity of competitive manufacturing, forcing companies to deliver on higher expectations with less staff and minimal resource usage. This situation has ushered forth a new industrial revolution, Industrie 4.0. This new revolution, analogous to coined phrases such as smart factories and the internet of things, has given way to exponential advances in technologies. The implementation of these technologies, should in theory, enable firms to reduce the negative impact of their operations on their triple bottom line and improve efficiencies. However, whilst the implementation of these technologies provides seeming and logical improvements; how to implement them, with what, and where is still largely unclear and can lead to total abolishment due to the lack of knowledge. A decision support framework is proposed in this thesis for aiding companies, specifically small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and learning factories in their implementation efforts towards Industrie 4.0. Industrie 4.0 is broken down into basic levels corresponding to those found in learning factories and SMEs. These levels are put forward as dimensions of the framework, ranging from objects and technologies to Industrie 4.0 applications in SMEs and competencies taught in learning factories, offering the user a visual representation of the practical implementations needed for Industrie 4.0. This framework can be used in three different ways. The first, is a greenfield design, aimed at new learning factories who wish to develop industry related competencies and skills. In this greenfield design, the framework suggests implementation guidelines for the user based on the targeted competency criteria that the user seeks to develop through an Industrie 4.0 perspective. The second, an Industrie 4.0 greenfield design, is for the case where a user seeks to implement Industrie 4.0 concepts with the purpose of enhancing traditional operations in SMEs or showcasing the possibilities of Industrie 4.0 in learning factories. The third application is for redesigning the current operations within a learning factory or SME with Industrie 4.0 in mind. The Industrie 4.0 redesign is aimed at learning factories and SMEs who wish to implement Industrie 4.0 concepts using the infrastructure and equipment they already have. The decision support framework is implemented in two learning factories, representing the two extreme cases of the framework, namely the Industrie 4.0 redesign and the greenfield design. The framework is applied in a technologically-advanced environment in Germany, and successfully allows for the incorporation of three distinct Industrie 4.0 applications in an already well-established learning factory. For further validation, the framework is applied at the Stellenbosch University learning factory to showcase the case where the complete design of a learning factory is commenced with the aim of incorporating Industrie 4.0 into the desired learning competencies. iii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
Engineering Plasmonic Environments for 2D Materials and 2D-Based Photodetectors

Two-dimensional layered materials are considered ideal platforms to study novel small-scale optoelectronic devices due to their unique electronic structures and fantastic physical properties. However, it is urgent to further improve the light–matter interaction in these materials because their light absorption efficiency is limited by the atomically thin thickness. One of the promising approaches is to engineer the plasmonic environment around 2D materials for modulating light–matter interaction in 2D materials. This method greatly benefits from the advances in the development of nanofabrication and out-plane van der Waals interaction of 2D materials. In this paper, we review a series of recent works on 2D materials integrated with plasmonic environments, including the plasmonic-enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield, strong coupling between plasmons and excitons, nonlinear optics in plasmonic nanocavities, manipulation of chiral optical signals in hybrid nanostructures, and the improvement of the performance of optoelectronic devices based on composite systems.
Neuroinflammation as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract Although amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide accumulation is considered as a key early event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the precise pathophysiology of this deadly illness remains unclear and no effective remedies capable of inhibiting disease progression have been discovered. In addition to deposition of extracellular Aβ plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation has been identified as the third core characteristic crucial in the pathogenesis of AD. More and more evidence from laboratory and clinical studies have suggested that anti-inflammatory treatments could defer or prevent the occurrence of AD. In this review, we will discuss multifaceted evidence of neuroinflammation presented in AD and the newly emerged anti-inflammatory targets both in pre-clinical and clinical AD.
The Effect of using Zoom Application on Students Speaking Skills

This study intended to see whether there is an effect of using the zoom application on student’s speaking skills or not. This study was conducted at SMP Negeri 11 Tanjungpinang in the academic year of 2021/2022. The authors selected class VIII.4 which the number of students was 31 as the object of this study. The authors used quantitative methodology and the design was a pre-experimental design in which the authors used one-group pre-test/post-test with treatment. In this study, the authors used an oral test as the instrument of this study. The alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. It could be seen from data calculated using paired sample t-test formula. Based on the data calculated, it could be seen that the significance was 0.133. It was normal because 0.133 > 0.005. While the Sig. 2 tailed was 0.000. It means that there is a significant effect of using zoom application on student’s speaking skills at 8th grade of SMP Negeri 11 Tanjungpinang because the sig.2 tailed 0.000< 0.005. Based on the findings, the authors suggest the teacher use zoom application for teaching speaking, because this application gave a significant effect on student’s speaking skills.
A novel enhancement mode AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor with split floating gates*

A novel enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is proposed and studied. Specifically, several split floating gates (FGs) with negative charges are inserted to the conventional MIS structure. The simulation results revealed that the decreases with the increase of polarization sheet charge density and the tunnel dielectric (between FGs and AlGaN) thickness, while it increases with the increase of FGs sheet charge density and blocking dielectric (between FGs and control gate) thickness. In the case of the same gate length, the will left shift with decreasing FG length. More interestingly, the split FGs could significantly reduce the device failure probability in comparison with the single large area FG structure.
Population structure of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi in two Brazilian estuaries

This study aimed to evaluate and compare seasonal variations of Hippocampus reidi population structures in two Brazilian coastal areas. Samples were collected from the rocky shores of Urca and Duas Irmãs Island by freediving along fixed transects. All seahorses observed in the study were recorded, measured, and identified by sex and reproductive stage. Seahorse behavior and fish depth were also registered. All individuals were photo-identified to estimate recapture rates. Holdfast used by seahorses was also recorded. Results showed low densities at both sites; sex ratio and juvenile/adult proportion did not appear to vary with season. The seahorse height differed between the two areas but did not vary with season nor sex. Seahorses in both sites were found in shallow waters (i.e. up to 4 meters), and the depth did not vary by season nor sex. Males were more frequently recaptured than females in both areas. All seahorses were reproductively active year-round, peaking at rainy periods in both areas. The seahorses were more often recorded while resting and seemed to anchor on seaweed. Though in different bays, seahorse population structure and seasonality appeared similar. These data provide useful baseline data for future population assessments. Abstract
Real time communications in manufacturing

Manufacturing applications are today distributed and integrated, relying on different types of communication networks to interconnect the different levels of the systems' architecture. This paper discusses the main topics on manufacturing communications from the applications requirements to the most common solutions derived to fulfill them. Temporal and spatial properties of the data to be exchanged are analysed. Data is classified as periodic, aperiodic and sporadic and, for these types, the communication system performance requirements are identified with emphasis on the real-time aspects. A similar discussion is carried on in what concerns the size of data to be transferred per transaction. The use of multimedia and of wide-area communication is also briefly explored. Solutions for different levels of the CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) architecture are identified and an overview of their characteristics is presented. This includes a short description of their organization under the OSI Reference Model and a more detailed discussion on techniques for traffic scheduling. This discussion is mainly focussed on the techniques to control the access to the communications medium and on the use of static or dynamic scheduling. This has essentially in consideration the fulfilment of the data temporal constraints. A short overview of the possibilities opened by the use of Internet in these applications is also included.
Design and implementation of a swimming robot with pectoral fins only

Abstract The use of swimming robots has increased widely in recent years due to the need of using them in situations where human intervention is difficult or not allowed. Exploring depths of seas, military interventions, or entering areas where the amount of water pollution is high that may threaten the lives of divers. In such cases, the best alternative for humans is to use swimming robots. This paper presents a swimming robot based on Labriform swimming mode. First, it starts with an analytical study of the effect of the fins shape on the performance of a robotic fish. The suggested design of the pectoral fins is concave. The effect of such a design would help largely in achieving the highest thrust in comparison to flat designs provided in the literature. Secondly, a variation in the velocity between the power and recovery strokes is accomplished and a maximum thrust can be obtained when the velocity of the power stroke is three times the velocity of recovery stroke. Thirdly, the kinematics and dynamics of the swimming robot are derived and an evaluation of the total hydrodynamic forces that are exerted on the robot’s body is studied via the computational fluid dynamics method from SOLIDWORKS® platform. Finally, the obtained results are compared to other designs in the literature in terms of some dimensionless numbers of biological fish to examine the efficiency. The proposed design has been validated theoretically and examined experimentally. The results of the simulation and practical experiments confirmed the validity of the design.
Hydrophilization parameters influencing the properties of shelled alloyed QDs

Quantum dots (QDs) are modern nanoparticles with a wide potential for use in medicine, bioanalysis, as well as in optics and energetics. Different types of QDs can be produced depending on their synthesis method. QDs formed by semiconductor components able to mutual solid-solution formation named alloyed. This type of QDs has a high quantum yield and narrow emission peak but less chemical stability relative to core-shell type QDs. Better core-shell QDs stability explains by the additional surface shell covering. This approach can be applied to the alloyed QDs also. One-step hightemperature organometallic procedure is excellent in this regard due to its simplicity and consistency in the synthesis. However, QDs which obtained in this way are hydrophobic and do not dissolve in polar solutions such as water. Hydrophilization is used to convert QDs from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic state. It was found that when hydrophilizing with β-mercaptoethanol, the quantum yield (QY) significantly increases, although when hydrophilizing with other ligands, it is just a decrease in the quantum yield that appears. This article investigates the process of hydrophilization of core-shell alloyed QDs in which an increase in QY is observed. For this, the effect on the optical properties of the amount of the hydrophilizing agent, long-term storage at room and low temperatures, and the effect of pH on hydrophilized QDs are considered.
Reference values for external and internal training intensity monitoring in professional male soccer players: A systematic review

One of the possibilities for organising different studies and providing some reference values or benchmarks is to summarise all information. Such a possibility could help coaches and practitioners identify typical values based on specific conditions and eventually use benchmark values to compare players against The current systematic review was carried out to identify and summarise studies that have examined external and internal training intensity monitoring and to provide references values for the main measures in professional male soccer players. A systematic review of EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. From the 2404 studies initially identified, 25 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analysed. From these, the following range intervals by overall team were found: session rated perceived exertion (s-RPE) = 26–936 AU, total distance = 2143–9540 m and distance >14 km/h = 410–1884 m, distance >18 km/h = 7–541 m, distance >24 km/h = 1–190 m, acceleration number >3 m.s−2 = 9–195, deceleration number >-3 m.s−2 = 10–157 and player load = 310–774 AU. Additionally, range intervals for player positions and a match-day minus approach were provided. This study provided reference values of professional male players for the main internal and external intensity measures. Altogether, they can be used by coaches, their staff, or practitioners to achieve desired competitive levels. They can replicate such values or even increase the numbers presented in training sessions.
Is Urinary Pyridinium Crosslinks Associated with Stunting in Stunting Children in Indonesia

The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between pyridinium crosslinks (Pyd) urine and stunting among children. We also determined the effect of nutritional intervention on the Pyd content in urine among stunting children. The study was a cross-sectional involving 173 children in Pekanbaru and Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Indonesia in 2014 (children aged 0-3 days: n = 32), in 2017 (children aged 4-6 years: n = 80), in 2018 (children 4-6 years old: n = 25), and in 2020 (children 12-15 years old: n = 36). Height gauges, family socio-economic questionnaires, pot urine and Pyd kit were utilized to gather the data. As nutritional interventions, milk was given to children aged 4-6 years old for 4 months (as additional energy; 20% of the recommended dietary allowance); brunch meals and milk were given to children 12-15 years old for 34 days (as additional energy; 30% recommended dietary allowance). Pyd and height were used as parameter indicators in this study. Pearson correlation and t-test (significance p< 0.05 and p<0.01) were applied for statistical analysis. The Pyd content of stunted children aged in 0-3 days, 3-5 years, 4-6 years, and 12-15 years were discovered to be 982, 16.4, 16.9 and 9.6 nmol/mmol creatinine, respectively. The Pyd content of stunted children aged 4-6 and 12-15 years before and after nutritional intervention were 16.9 vs 15.3 and 9.81 vs 5.33 nmol/mmol creatinine, respectively. Stunting neonatal urine Pyd content was found to be different from normal neonatal urine Pyd content (p <0.01). There was a correlation revealed between urine Pyd content and height of children aged 4-6 years (p <0.05) and r = -0.242. A difference was observed in the urine Pyd content of children 4-6 years before nutrition intervention (p <0.01) as well as in urine Pyd content of children aged 12-15 years before and after nutritional intervention (p <0.05); as many as 19.4% of the subjects increased their nutritional status from stunting to normal. The urine Pyd is expected to be a marker of the efficacy of nutritional care in bone growth disorders associated with bone resorption in stunting children.
General Health and Resilience of Breast Cancer Patients: The Mediator Role of Affective Well-Being

A considerable percentage of breast cancer patients present adequate psychological adjustment and do not become distressed after a breast cancer diagnosis, or, if they do, they manage to recover quickly, which is reflected in their general health. This study aims to determine the role of some psychological mechanisms that affect psycho-oncological adjustment, specifically, resilience and well-being, in a sample of 109 breast cancer patients. For this purpose, participants completed questionnaires on general health, resilience, and well-being (life satisfaction and affect). Correlation analyses and a multiple mediation model were carried out. The results revealed that Pearson correlations between all variables showed strong associations between general health scores and positive and negative affect scores, and moderate associations with life satisfaction and resilience scores. Furthermore; in the mediation model, the total percentage of variance explained by the overall model was 55% (R2 = 0.55), where resilience was associated with positive and negative affect, and that influenced general health. These results show that affective well-being is especially relevant in breast cancer patients in terms of its mediating role in resilience, making it clear that an appropriate intervention focused on managing patients’ affective status can have a favorable impact on their overall health.
Research on Solving Path of Negative Effect of “Information Cocoon Room” in Emergency

The “information cocoon” can hinder the normal dissemination and flow of emergency information during emergencies. It is important to explore the factors of this effect and to resolve the negative effects of the information cocoon, so as to help the public to “break out of the cocoon” and help the government to better promote emergency information management. Based on information ecology theory and the S-O-R model, this study designed questionnaires using a Likert five-level scale and selected 388 publics from several smart city pilot areas in Changsha, Zhuzhou, Shaoshan, and Yueyang cities in Hunan Province. Field research was conducted based on four factors, information ontology, information technology, government regulation, and social network, and empirical analysis was conducted through structural equations. The study shows that information ontology, information technology, government regulation, and social networks have significant effects on the information cocoon effect by influencing the reinforcement of public information preferences. Among them, government regulation ( P = 0.34) has the most significant effect on the reinforcement of public information preferences, followed by information ontology ( P = 0.32) and social networks ( P = 0.31), and information technology ( P = 0.29) has the weakest effect. Combining the results of empirical analysis, we propose a four-dimensional path of “information-technology-regulation-value” to break the cocoon. By optimizing information ontology, using technology for good governance, promoting algorithmic fairness, and enhancing social stickiness, we help the public break through the shackles and negative effects of the information cocoon and promote the harmonious, stable, and healthy development of the emergency information field.