Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of nitrogen fertilization on potato yields and soil nitrate leaching

A 2-year field trial with a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted in New Brunswick, Canada to evaluate N fertilization effects on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber yields and quality as well as soil nitrate leaching. Eight N fertilizer treatments were examined, including three N sources (i.e. conventional, controlled-release and organic fertilizers) at two application rates (100 and 200 kg N ha), a split application of conventional fertilizer at the high rate and a zero N fertilizer input as control. Application of N-fertilizer significantly increased tuber yield (by 76% maximum) and quality over the unfertilized treatments whereas differences between the two N fertilizer application rates were nonsignificant. Fertilizer use efficiency varied from 16% to 56% over treatments and years. Low application rates resulted in lower seasonal soil and soil solution NO3 concentrations than high application rates. The controlled-release and organic form of fertilizer both reduced seasonal mean soil and soil solution N concentrations than conventional fertilizer, with low leaching potential.
Preliminary herpetological survey of Ngonye Falls and surrounding regions in south-western Zambia

—The herpetofauna of Zambia has been relatively well-studied, although most surveys were conducted decades ago. In western Zambia in particular, surveys were largely restricted to a few centers, particularly those along the Zambezi River. We here report on the herpetofauna of the Ngonye Falls and surrounding regions in south-western Zambia. We recorded 18 amphibian, one crocodile, two chelonian, 22 lizard, and 19 snake species, although a number of additional species are expected to occur in the region based on their known distribution and habitat preferences. We also provide three new reptile country records for Zambia (Long-tailed Worm Lizard, Dalophia longicauda, Anchieta’s Worm Lizard, Monopeltis anchietae, and Zambezi Rough-scaled Lizard, Ichnotropis grandiceps), and report on the second specimen of Schmitz’s Legless Skink, Acontias schmitzi, a species described in 2012 and until now known only from the holotype. This record also represents a 140 km southward range extension for the species.
Prospect of Judicial Preview in the Constitutional Court Based on the Construction of Constitutional Law

The Constitutional Court is a state institution that has the authority for reviewing laws against the Constitution (Judicial Review). Several times in issuing its decisions, the Constitutional Court has acted as a Positive Legislator. The potential for a legal vacuum as the implication of revoking a law is large. and also the slow formation of laws by the legislative body (DPR) and the lack of quality of regulations. The current law-making does not pay attention to legal ideals based on Pancasila so that the resulting legal products lose their meaning. This has resulted in many people whose constitutional rights have been violated. The state should be present to give full constitutional rights to its citizens. The Constitutional Court needs additional authority to maintain the supremacy of the constitution. additional authority as a preventive mechanism is Judicial Preview. The French state places Judicial Preview as an authority of the Constitutional Council. Austria and Germany apply Judicial Preview as a preventive measure for losses that can occur if the Draft Law is passed. A renewal of the Constitutional Law to perfect existing ones makes the prospect of Judicial Preview in Indonesia an Urgency for immediate implementation.
Development of a Monoclonal Antibody Against Bovine α-casein to Evaluate Functional Status of Mammary Epithelial cells During Mastitis

Mastitis is a widespread disease in dairy animals and causes huge economic losses around the globe. Mastitis affects the health of animals and also reduces the protein content in the milk. In lactating animals, the surface of mammary gland is coated and lined with mammary epithelial cells (MECs). The functional status of MECs can be evaluated by determining the expression of caseins. The total content of caseins can largely reflect the quality of milk. In the previous literature, there is no general information about the milk quality and expressions of casein in mastitis. The current study was designed to determine if there is any correlations between mastitis and α-casein expression in MECs. We prepared a hybridoma cell line that produces antibody against bovine α-casein to evaluate the casein expression status in vitro on the MECs during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis. The results showed that the expression of α-casein has not changed significantly under the stimulation of LPS. Our study established a useful tool to determine the expression profile of α-casein in bovine MECs. Furthermore, the result indicated that the expression level of α-casein remained stable
SST Observations of the Agulhas and East Madagascar Retroflections by the TRMM Microwave Imager

The retroflections of the East Madagascar Current and Agulhas Current are complex rapidly-evolving systems, the latter controlling the passage of warm salty water from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic. The TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) provides frequent observations of sea surface temperature through clouds, allowing us to monitor the evolution of these systems. We develop a simple feature-tracking system that obviates the need for user intervention, and use its results to guide more focussed studies. In the period 1997-1999, we observe westward progradation of the Agulhas Retroflection (associated with ring shedding) about eight times per year, agreeing with previous estimates from infra-red data, and many rings moving westward or north-westward. However, this behaviour is seen to change in the 2000-2001 time period, with the Agulhas Retroflection occurring further to the east. A few Natal pulses are seen, but cannot be linked conclusively to the spawning of rings due to TMI's limited latitudinal coverage. The majority of features originating at the East Madagascar Retroflection appear to migrate southwestwards. A new observation from the data is that, although the first northward meander of the Agulhas Return Current is constrained by bathymetry, its position does vary intermittently, remaining fixed in a given location for up to six months at a time. Southward propagation of features is noted along two ridges: although eddies have been found before along the eastern slope of the Mozambique Ridge, the new results for the Madagascar Ridge indicate an extra pathway for the eddies. Eddy-like features are also found leading from the Agulhas Return Current back toward the Agulhas Current. The narrow 'corridor' of these features suggests that it is controlled by the gyre recirculation in the southwest Indian Ocean.
Coupling Electric Vehicle Charging with Urban Mobility

Transportation electrification introduces a spatiotemporal tie between the traditionally independent power and transportation infrastructures through electric vehicle (EV) charging. With the steadily increasing rates of EV adoption in urban areas, the imminent paradigm shift in electricity consumption poses a challenge for researchers to untangle the relationship between mobility and electricity demand. In this work, we provide an understanding of EV mobility by coupling origin-destination information obtained from mobile phone data with EV charging session data for the San Francisco Bay Area, USA. We first lay out a methodology to extract mobility patterns of EV drivers in the area. Next, we present the spatial and temporal characteristics of charging sessions and show that commuting patterns and EV energy consumption are
Extended fault inversion with random slipmaps: a resolution test for the 2012 Mw 7.6 Nicoya, Costa Rica earthquake

Inversions for the full slip distribution of earthquakes provide detailed models of earthquake sources, but stability and non-uniqueness of the inversions is a major concern. The problem is underdetermined in any realistic setting, and significantly different slip distributions may translate to fairly similar seismograms. In such circumstances, inverting for a single best model may become overly dependent on the details of the procedure. Instead, we propose to perform extended fault inversion trough falsification. We generate a representative set of heterogeneous slipmaps, compute their forward predictions, and falsify inappropriate trial models that do not reproduce the data within a reasonable level of mismodelling. The remainder of surviving trial models forms our set of coequal solutions. The solution set may contain only members with similar slip distributions, or else uncover some fundamental ambiguity such as, for example, different patterns of main slip patches. For a feasibility study, we use teleseismic body wave recordings from the 2012 September 5 Nicoya, Costa Rica earthquake, although the inversion strategy can be applied to any type of seismic, geodetic or tsunami data for which we can handle the forward problem. We generate 10 000 pseudo-random, heterogeneous slip distributions assuming a von Karman autocorrelation function, keeping the rake angle, rupture velocity and slip velocity function fixed. The slip distribution of the 2012 Nicoya earthquake turns out to be relatively well constrained from 50 teleseismic waveforms. Two hundred fifty-two slip models with normalized L1-fit within 5 per cent from the global minimum from our solution set. They consistently show a single dominant slip patch around the hypocentre. Uncertainties are related to the details of the slip maximum, including the amount of peak slip (2–3.5 m), as well as the characteristics of peripheral slip below 1 m. Synthetic tests suggest that slip patterns such as Nicoya may be a fortunate case, while it may be more difficult to unambiguously reconstruct more distributed slip from teleseismic data.
Avaliação de locais potenciais para instalação de torres de observação para prevenção de risco de incêndios florestais

The high incidence of forest fires observed in Conservation Units makes this event a threat to the environmental protection of these areas. This article presents the mapping of areas susceptible to forest fires and the identification of potential locations for the installation of forest fire watchtowers for the Altamiro de Moura Pacheco and Joao Leite State parks and surrounding area, 3.0 km from the parks’ boundaries, using free GIS tools. The final fire risk map was obtained through the weighted average of the main factors related to forest fires, such as: slope angle, hypsometry, orientation of the slopes, road system and trails, urban perimeter, land use, temperature, humidity and exposure to winds. For the determination of potential locations for fire observation towers, the following factors were considered: relief (higher elevations), proximity of roads, proximity to regions classified as moderate and high risk, and land use. The results showed that 9,724.66 ha (41.4%) of the evaluated parks areas have high fire risk. The fire risk map was validated considering the hotspots made available by INPE (2017), obtaining more than 60% accuracy in relation to high risk areas. Regarding the locations indicated for the installation of fire observation towers, the installation of only one tower provided the largest view of the study areas, 56.1%. By combining the installation of two towers, it was possible to obtain 71.1% visualization coverage of the entire studied areas. Thus, it was shown that environmental management and decision-making regarding the monitoring of forest fire risks in protected regions can be more successful when complemented with geotechnology tools.
Asteroseismology of Massive Stars with the TESS Mission: The Runaway β Cep Pulsator PHL 346 = HN Aqr

We report an analysis of the first known β Cep pulsator observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, the runaway star PHL 346 = HN Aqr. The star, previously known as a singly periodic pulsator, has at least 34 oscillation modes excited, 12 of those in the g-mode domain and 22 p modes. Analysis of archival data implies that the amplitude and frequency of the dominant mode and the stellar radial velocity were variable over time. A binary nature would be inconsistent with the inferred ejection velocity from the Galactic disk of 420 km s−1, which is too large to be survivable by a runaway binary system. A kinematic analysis of the star results in an age constraint (23 ± 1 Myr) that can be imposed on asteroseismic modeling and that can be used to remove degeneracies in the modeling process. Our attempts to match the excitation of the observed frequency spectrum resulted in pulsation models that were too young. Hence, asteroseismic studies of runaway pulsators can become vital not only in tracing the evolutionary history of such objects, but to understand the interior structure of massive stars in general. TESS is now opening up these stars for detailed asteroseismic investigation.
Entomotoxicity of Six Indegenous Plants Extracts in Controlling Callosobrochus Maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Infestation in Stored Vigna Unguiculata L.Walp

Biological investigations were conducted to assess the insecticidal activities of n-hexane leaf extract of Solanum tuberosum, Annona muricata, Cymbopogon citrates, Vernonia amygddalina, Caesalpinia pulcherima and Lantana camara individually against the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus. The six plants leaf extracts showed significant (p≤0.05) insecticidal activities relative to control by increasing repellant and mortality rate, inhibiting oviposition and first filial generation progeny emergence and reducing seed damage. 100% mortality was accomplished by Lantana camara (at 5%) and Annona muricata (at 5%) in 72 hours, and both plant extracts at (3%) in 96 hours. Lowest significant (p≤0.05) oviposition first filial progeny emergence and seed damage were all obtained in Lantana camara extract at 5% concentration while the control gave the highest value for the three parameters (oviposition = 355.0, F1 progeny emergence = 88, seed damage = 100). Repellant class varied between II and V; with Lantana camara and A. muricata having a comparable and significant (P≤0.05) value of 84.42 and 80.88 respectively at 5% concentration. All test plant extracts at high concentrations of (3 and 5%) caused significant increase in repellant and mortality but a significant reduction (P≤0.05) in oviposition, fecundity, progeny emergence and seed damage relative to control.
The effect of a schizophrenia polygenic risk score on brain function during verbal fluency in health , schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Abstract — Psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), are highly heritable illnesses with a polygenic and overlapping architecture. To better characterize and validate the effect of previously identified genetic risk variants on psychosis susceptibility, their impact on the intermediate phenotypes of these disorders warrants examination. I investigated for the first time the effect of a polygenic risk score (PRS) for SCZ, which gathers the cumulative impact of several genetic risk factors, on brain activation and connectivity during verbal fluency (VF), an intermediate phenotype showing impairment in SCZ and in BD. For this, functional magnetic resonance images (fMRI) were collected from a group of SCZ (n=10) and BD (n=25) patients, their healthy relatives (n=27) and healthy controls (n=39). The fMRI data were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping, in order to identify the effects of PRS on brain activation and on task-modulated connectivity, taking into account the effects of diagnosis as well as a number of nuisance covariates. I found a negative association trend (uncorrected for multiple comparisons) between the SCZ-PRS and the activation of the language-related left inferior frontal gyrus and right insula, effects that were more pronounced in the control group. I also found a positive trend between the SCZ-PRS and the task-modulated connectivity of the left inferior frontal gyrus with the left angular gyrus (in BD) and left thalamus and right lingual gyrus (in relatives), areas also implicated in language. These findings suggest that SCZ-PRSs may preclude changes in brain function during VF – and now warrant independent validation.
Using partial identification methods to estimate the effect of violence against women on their children’s health outcomes

ABSTRACT A growing literature in economics seeks to estimate the costs of violence against women by examining, for example, its impact on the health outcomes of their children. However, it is difficult to assign a causal interpretation to these nonexperimental studies due to the presence of unobservable characteristics affecting violence and health outcomes simultaneously. The lack of credible instrumental variables applicable in several countries further limits our knowledge. I address this gap by using new partial identification methods to estimate the relative size of the unobservables needed to eliminate the estimated effects in nonexperimental studies. I also expand the external validity of the analysis by using data from five standardized nationally representative household surveys in Latin America. Consistent with previous studies, cross-sectional estimates show large negative associations between violence against women and an array of child health outcomes. However, when accounting for omitted variable bias, at best, two-thirds of the estimates remain robust and they are concentrated on the outcomes with the largest cross-sectional estimated impacts.
Summer 6-15-2016 INFORMATION QUALITY NEEDS THROUGHOUT THE PURCHASE PROCESS

Information quality (IQ) plays a critical role in ecommerce consumers’ purchase decisions, and product-related user-generated content (PUGC) is an increasingly important source of information. Nevertheless, vendors currently do not take full advantage of PUGC since it is mainly used in later phases of the purchase process to evaluate single products. Integrating PUGC into earlier phases of the purchase process might be promising. However, little is known about which dimensions of IQ consumers evaluate as being most important in different phases of the purchase process. To close this gap, this study comprises an exploratory survey to investigate the perceived importance of various IQ dimensions in each of the three phases of an idealized purchase process (i.e., screening, filtering, and evaluation). Conceptually, this study thus extends the concept of IQ to a dynamic perspective. The results indicated that IQ needs are stable throughout the process and that users strongly favor accuracy and believability when using aggregated PUGC extracted from reviews in contrast to timeliness, completeness, and amount of data, which were assessed as the least important IQ dimensions. Practically, the findings can inform the design of ecommerce websites, specifically how to optimize the presentation and integration of PUGC.
Profitable Reproductive Management of High-Producing Dairy Herds

Profitable reproduction can likely be defined in a number of different ways. Yet the bottom line for profitable reproduction in most high producing dairy herds is “simply” to achieve a specific number of new lactations each month without purchasing new animals. This is critical from the standpoint of maintaining herd level milk production, but 1) many herds are not achieving their calving goal and are forced to buy replacements, and 2) there are a significant number of efficiencies that can be strengthened, even in the herds that the calving goal is realized. Our work focuses on controlling reproductive
Active Noise Control over Space: A Subspace Method for Performance Analysis

In this paper, we investigate the maximum active noise control performance over a three-dimensional (3-D) spatial space, for a given set of secondary sources in a particular environment. We first formulate the spatial active noise control (ANC) problem in a 3-D room. Then we discuss a wave-domain least squares method by matching the secondary noise field to the primary noise field in the wave domain. Furthermore, we extract the subspace from wave-domain coefficients of the secondary paths and propose a subspace method by matching the secondary noise field to the projection of primary noise field in the subspace. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms by comparison between the wave-domain least squares method and the subspace method, more specifically the energy of the loudspeaker driving signals, noise reduction inside the region, and residual noise field outside the region. We also investigate the ANC performance under different loudspeaker configurations and noise source positions.
The Comparison of the Effect of Haimming Window and Blackman Window in the Time-Scaling and Pitch-Shifting Algorithms

The real-time pitch shifting process is widely used in various types of music production. The pitch shifting technology can be divided into two major types, the time domain type and the frequency domain type. Compared with the time domain method, the frequency domain method has the advantage of large shifting scale, low total cost of computing and the more flexibility of the algorithm. However, the use of Fourier Transform in frequency domain processing leads to the inevitable inherent frequency leakage effects which decrease the accuracy of the pitch shifting effect. In order to restrain the side effect of Fourier Transform, window functions are used to fall down the spectrum-aliasing. In practical processing, Haimming Window and Blackman Window are frequently used. In this paper, we compare both the effect of the two window functions in the restraint of frequency leakage and the performance and accuracy in subjective based on the traditional phase vocoder[1]. Experiment shows that Haimming Window is generally better than Blackman Window in pitch shifting process.
Comparing the Efficacy of the Contasure-Needleless Sling Technique with a Conventional Midurethral Sling in the Surgical Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of the Contasure-Needleless (C-NDL) technique with the Transvaginal Tension Free Vaginal Tape-Obturator (TVT-O) technique in the surgical management of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: This prospective observational study was performed on adult women with urodynamic proved SUI who failed or declined conservative treatment between August 2017 to October 2019. The cough Stress test was performed for all patients, and they underwent urodynamic evaluation preoperatively. Follow-up visits were performed at one month, six months, and 12 months after surgery. For statistical analysis, we used the Statistical Packages for Software Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: Forty patients were divided equally into two groups (TVT-O subgroup and C-NDL subgroup). Regarding the operative time and pain scale, there were no significant differences between both groups (p= 0.078 and 0.054). A higher blood loss was observed in the TVT-O group than the C-NDL group (p= 0.001). At three, six, and 12 months of follow-up, no significant difference was observed in terms of the cough test (p= 0.4708, 0.7256, and 0.6644). Moreover, there was no significant difference in terms of complications (all p>0.05). Regarding the relationship between Valsalva leak-point pressure and cough stress reflex at the last follow-up visit, we detected a significant difference among the studied patients (p= 0.001). Conclusions: C-NDL is a promising technique for treating SUI cases, with low complication rates and a good patient satisfaction level. Furthermore, the procedure's efficacy holds encouraging results that need to be affirmed and tested by long-term