Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward Computational Simulations of Behavior During Automated Driving Takeovers: A Review of the Empirical and Modeling Literatures

Objective: This article provides a review of empirical studies of automated vehicle takeovers and driver modeling to identify influential factors and their impacts on takeover performance and suggest driver models that can capture them. Background: Significant safety issues remain in automated-to-manual transitions of vehicle control. Developing models and computer simulations of automated vehicle control transitions may help designers mitigate these issues, but only if accurate models are used. Selecting accurate models requires estimating the impact of factors that influence takeovers. Method: Articles describing automated vehicle takeovers or driver modeling research were identified through a systematic approach. Inclusion criteria were used to identify relevant studies and models of braking, steering, and the complete takeover process for further review. Results: The reviewed studies on automated vehicle takeovers identified several factors that significantly influence takeover time and post-takeover control. Drivers were found to respond similarly between manual emergencies and automated takeovers, albeit with a delay. The findings suggest that existing braking and steering models for manual driving may be applicable to modeling automated vehicle takeovers. Conclusion: Time budget, repeated exposure to takeovers, silent failures, and handheld secondary tasks significantly influence takeover time. These factors in addition to takeover request modality, driving environment, non-handheld secondary tasks, level of automation, trust, fatigue, and alcohol significantly impact post-takeover control. Models that capture these effects through evidence accumulation were identified as promising directions for future work. Application: Stakeholders interested in driver behavior during automated vehicle takeovers may use this article to identify starting points for their work.
Umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells application in hematopoietic stem cells expansion on nanofiber three‐dimensional scaffold

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation (HSCTs) is considered as a therapeutic strategy for malignant and nonmalignant hematologic disorders. Nevertheless, the low number of HSCs obtained from each unit of UCB can be a major challenge for using these cells in adults. In addition, UCB is a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) creating hopes for nonaggressive and painless treatment in tissue engineering compared with bone marrow MSCs. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of UCB‐MSCs application in UCB‐HSCs expansion on the nanoscaffold that mimics the cell's natural niche. To achieve this goal, after flow cytometry confirmation of isolated HSCs from UCB, they were expanded on three‐dimensional (3D) poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning and two‐dimensional (2D)‐culture systems, such as (1) HSCs‐MSCs culturing on the scaffold, (2) HSCs culturing on the scaffold, (3) HSCs‐MSCs culturing on 2D, and (4) HSCs culturing on 2D. After 7 days, real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to evaluate the CXCR4 gene expression in the mentioned groups. Moreover, for the next validation, the number of total HSCs, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, scanning electron microscopy imaging, and colony‐forming unit assay were evaluated as well. The results of the study indicated that UCB‐MSCs interaction with HSCs in 3D‐culture systems led to the highest expansion of UCB‐HSCs on day 7. Flow cytometry results showed the highest purity of HSCs cocultured with MSCs. Real‐time PCR showed a significant increase in gene expression of CXCR4 in the mentioned group. The highest viability and clonogenicity were detected in the mentioned group too. Considered together, our results suggest that UCB‐HSCs and MSCs coculturing on PLLA scaffold could provide a proper microenvironment that efficiently promotes UCB‐HSCs expansion and UCB‐MSCs can also be considered as a promising candidate for UCB‐HSCTs.
Development of a preoperative computed tomography score for the management of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer

Objective The main objective is to develop a model based on computed tomographic features to predict surgical outcome and establish cut-offs to rationalize clinical management in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. The secondary purpose is to identify parameters that should be reported by radiologists to allow a correct pre-operative evaluation. Methods This study evaluated the association between 17 radiologic parameters and surgical outcome through the review of 61 computed tomographic scans. Each parameter received a score according to the strength of statistical association and points were added to obtain a predictive index value. The absence of residual tumor was considered an optimal result. Receiver operating characteristic curves were applied to assess the ability to predict surgical outcome. The score was applied to the study population to verify if the therapeutic approach had been congruent with the predicted results and to define adequate cut-offs. Results Analysis with a receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated a statistical association with surgical outcome (area under curve=0.949). The clinical approach agreed with the predicted outcome. Patients with lower scores received primary debulking surgery (mean predictive index value 2.4) whereas those with higher scores (mean 14.1) were given neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Further surgical investigation (laparoscopy) was performed in patients with higher predictive index value variability (0–17.5). Different cut-offs were analysed to define the model applicability. The results show that surgery is appropriate for patients with a predictive index value <6 (failure rate 11.5%) while a predictive index value >8 should address to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (0% of inappropriately unexplored patients). In addition, patients with a predictive index value between 6 and 8 could benefit from diagnostic exploration with a good success rate (71.4%). Conclusions The model correctly discerns patients who can benefit from surgery (predictive index value <6) from those who should undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy (>8) and establishes a range (6–8) where surgical investigations may be helpful. This score is a flexible tool where cut-offs can be changed according to the desire to be surgically more aggressive or more conservative.
Exome Sequencing Identification of EP300 Mutation in a Proband with Coloboma and Imperforate Anus: Possible Expansion of the Phenotypic Spectrum of Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a multisystem developmental disorder characterized by facial dysmorphisms, broad thumbs and halluces, growth retardation, and intellectual disability. In about 8% of RSTS cases, mutations are found in EP300. Previously, the EP300 mutation has been shown to cause the highly variable RSTS phenotype. Using exome sequencing, we identified a de novo EP300 frameshift mutation in a proband with coloboma, facial asymmetry and imperforate anus with minimal RSTS features. Previous molecular studies have demonstrated the importance of EP300 in oculogenesis, supporting the possibility that EP300 mutation may cause ocular coloboma. Since a wide phenotypic spectrum is well known in EP300-associated RSTS cases, the atypical phenotype identified in our proband may be an example of rare manifestations of RSTS.
Demographics, Psychological Distress, and Pain from Pressure Injury.

BACKGROUND There is a knowledge gap regarding factors that influence the intensity of pain associated with pressure injuries. OBJECTIVES We examined the influence of age, sex, race, and comorbidity on the relationships between pressure injuries, psychological distress, and pain intensity in hospitalized adults. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional, retrospective secondary analysis using data from a regional acute hospital's electronic health records from 2013- 2016. A sample of 454 cases met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using path analysis. RESULTS The hypothesized model (A) and two alternative models (B and C) were tested and demonstrated adequate model fit. All tested models demonstrated statistically significant independent, direct effects of age on the severity of pressure injury (p < .001) and pain intensity (p = .001), as well as independent, direct effects of sex (p ≤ .005), race (p < .001), and comorbidity (p = .001) on psychological distress. DISCUSSION Pain management for individuals with pressure injuries should include not only the treatment of wounds, but also the individual characteristics of the patient such as demographics, comorbidity, and psychological status that may affect pain. Given the limitations of secondary analyses, further studies are suggested to validate these findings.
Sonic hedgehog expression in the postnatal brain

ABSTRACT Beyond its role in patterning the neural tube during embryogenesis, additional functions of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in post-embryonic and mature brains have been coming into focus. However, the question of the abundance of endogenous Shh – the ligand of the signaling pathway – and its changes over time in post-embryonic and mature brains are less well understood. Here we find that while the amounts of Shh transcript and protein in rat brains are nearly undetectable at birth, they increase continuously during postnatal development and remain at readily detectable levels in young adults. This developmental age-associated increase in Shh levels is also seen in hippocampal neurons grown in culture, in which very young neurons produce minimal amounts of Shh protein but, as neurons grow and form synapses, the amounts of Shh increase significantly. Using immunolabeling with antibodies to different residues of Shh, we observed that the N-terminal fragment and the C-terminal fragment of Shh are present in hippocampal neurons, and that these two Shh forms co-exist in most compartments of the neuron. Our findings provide a better understanding of Shh expression in the brain, laying the groundwork for further comprehending the biogenesis of Shh protein in the young and mature brain and neurons. Summary: Endogenous Sonic hedgehog protein in the hippocampus is undetectable at birth but increases continuously during postnatal development and remains at readily detectable levels in the mature brain.
N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Risk of Future Cognitive Impairment in the REGARDS Cohort.

BACKGROUND Improved understanding of the etiology of cognitive impairment is needed to develop effective preventive interventions. Higher amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a biomarker of cardiac dysfunction associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases and stroke in apparently healthy people. OBJECTIVE To study the association of NT-proBNP with risk of incident cognitive impairment. METHODS The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke is a national cohort study of 30,239 black and white Americans age 45 and older at baseline, enrolled in 2003-7. Among participants without prebaseline stroke or cognitive impairment, baseline NT-proBNP was measured in 470 cases of incident cognitive impairment and 557 controls. Cases were participants scoring below the 6th percentile of demographically-adjusted means on at least 2 of 3 serially administered tests (word list learning, word list recall and semantic fluency) over 3.5 years follow-up. RESULTS Adjusting for age, gender, race, region of residence, education, and income, there was an increased odds ratio of incident cognitive impairment with increasing NT-proBNP; participants in the 4th versus 1st quartile (>127 versus ≤33 pg/ml) had a 1.69-fold increased odds (95% CI 1.11-2.58). Adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and presence of an apolipoprotein E4 allele had no substantial impact on the odds ratio. Results did not differ by age, race, gender, or presence of an apolipoprotein E4 allele. CONCLUSION Higher NT-pro-BNP was associated with incident cognitive impairment in this prospective study, independent of atherogenic and Alzheimer's disease risk factors. Future work should clarify pathophysiologic connections of NT-proBNP and cognitive dysfunction.
SLTs' conceptions about their own and parents' roles during intervention with preschool children.

BACKGROUND Current research investigating collaboration between parents and speech and language therapists (SLTs) indicates that the SLT role is characterized by therapist-led practice. Co-working with parents of children with speech and language difficulties is less frequently described. In order to embrace co-working during intervention, the SLT role may need to be reframed, focusing on acquiring skills in the role of coach as well as the role of planning intervention and treating children. AIMS To report (1) SLTs' conceptions about their own roles during intervention for pre-school children with speech and language difficulties; and (2) SLTs' conceptions of parents' roles during intervention. METHODS & PROCEDURES A qualitative study used individual, semi-structured interviews with 12 SLTs working with pre-school children. Open-ended questions investigated SLTs' expectation of parents, experience of working with families, and the SLTs' conception of their roles during assessment, intervention and decision-making. Thematic network analysis was used to identify basic, organizational and global themes. RESULTS & OUTCOMES SLTs had three conceptions about their own role during intervention: treating, planning and coaching. The roles of treating and planning were clearly formulated, but the conception of their role as coach was more implicit in their discourse. SLTs' conception of parents' roles focused on parents as implementers of activities and only occasionally as change agents. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Collaboration that reflects co-working may necessitate changes in the conception about the role for both SLTs and parents. SLTs and parents may need to negotiate roles, with parents assuming learner and adaptor roles and SLTs adopting a coaching role to activate greater involvement of parents. Applying conceptual change theory offers new possibilities for understanding and enabling changes in SLTs' conception of roles, potentially initiating a deeper understanding of how to achieve co-working during speech and language intervention.
Differential sensitivity of gastric and small intestinal muscles to inducible knockdown of anoctamin 1 and the effects on gastrointestinal motility

Electrical pacemaking in gastrointestinal muscles is generated by specialized interstitial cells of Cajal that produce the patterns of contractions required for peristalsis and segmentation in the gut. The calcium‐activated chloride conductance anoctamin‐1 (Ano1) has been shown to be responsible for the generation of pacemaker activity in GI muscles, but this conclusion is established from studies of juvenile animals in which effects of reduced Ano1 on gastric emptying and motor patterns could not be evaluated. Knocking down Ano1 expression using Cre/LoxP technology caused dramatic changes in in gastric motor activity, with disrupted slow waves, abnormal phasic contractions and delayed gastric emptying; modest changes were noted in the small intestine. Comparison of the effects of Ano1 antagonists on muscles from juvenile and adult small intestinal muscles suggests that conductances in addition to Ano1 may develop with age and contribute to pacemaker activity.
Circulating long noncoding RNA ZNFX1 antisense RNA negatively correlates with disease risk, severity, inflammatory markers, and predicts poor prognosis in sepsis patients

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the correlation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) ZNFX1 antisense RNA (ZFAS1) with disease risk, severity, inflammation markers, and prognosis in sepsis patients. A total of 202 sepsis patients were consecutively enrolled, and 200 healthy volunteers were also recruited as healthy controls (HCs). Plasma samples of all patients and HCs were collected. LncRNA ZFAS1 expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and inflammatory cytokines levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The median value of lncRNA ZFAS1 expression in sepsis patients was (0.639 [0.325–1.071]), which was lower compared to HCs (1.957 [0.876–3.245], P < .001], and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve revealed that lncRNA ZFAS1 expression had a good diagnostic value for sepsis with area under curve (AUC) of 0.814 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.771–0.857). Spearman test disclosed that lncRNA ZFAS1 expression was negatively correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (r = −0.505, P < .001), and it was negatively associated with levels of C-creative protein (r = −0.241, P = .001), tumor necrosis factor-&agr; (r = −0.253, P < .001), and interleukin (IL)-6 (r = −0.177, P = .012) while positively associated with IL-10 level (r = 0.173, P = .014). Also, lncRNA ZFAS1 expression was lower in survivor group compared to nonsurvivor group (P < .001), and it presented with a good predictive value on distinguishing nonsurvivors from survivors in sepsis patients with AUC of 0.628 (95% CI: 0.538–0.717). Circulating lncRNA ZFAS1 expression negatively correlates with disease risk, severity, and inflammatory markers levels, and might predict worse survival in sepsis patients.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Chinese Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit

Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the cross-cultural validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Abbreviated Profile of the Hearing Aid Benefit questionnaire (APHAB-CH). Design: A convenience sampling method was used to identify and recruit subjects. The subjects completed a history form seeking demographic data, the APHAB-CH, and a questionnaire seeking a subjective rating of hearing aid performance and overall satisfaction with their hearing aid. Study Sample: The subjects were 134 experienced hearing aid users. Results: The APHAB-CH had a good internal consistency reliability estimate (α = 0.85) comparable to that of the original version. Significant correlation was observed between the APHAB-CH scores and other subjective ratings for hearing aid performance and the overall satisfaction measure. A high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84) was observed. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the APHAB-CH had a two-factor structure comprising “hearing disability” and “averviseness. ” Normative data in terms of equal-percentile profiles were dervied for the APHAB-CH. Conclusion: The results suggest that the APHAB-CH is a reliable and valid measure of the outcomes of hearing aid fitting Sumario Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la validez y confiabilidad transcultural de la versión china del Cuestionario de Perfil Abreviado de Beneficios del Auxiliar Auditivo (APHAB-CH). Diseño: Se usó un método conveniente de muestreo para identificar y reclutar sujetos. Los sujetos completaron un formulario de historia para obtener datos demográficos, el APHAB-CH, y un cuestionario para encontrar los rangos subjetivos de rendimiento del auxiliar auditivo y de satisfacción general con el mismo. Muestra de Estudio: Los sujetos fueron 134 usuarios experimentados en el uso de auxiliar auditivo. Resultados: El APHAB-CH tuvo un estimado de confiabilidad con buena consistencia interna (α = 0.85) comparable con la de la versión original. Se observó una correlación significativa entre las puntuaciones del APHAB-CH con otras puntuaciones subjetivas de rendimiento del auxiliar auditivo y de mediciones de satisfacción general. Se observó una alta confiabilidad test-retest (coeficiente de correlación interno = 0.84). El análisis de factor de confirmación reveló que el APHAB-CH tuvo una estructura de dos factores que comprendía la “discapacidad auditiva” y la “aversión” Los datos normativos en términos de perfiles de igual percentil, se derivaron del APHAB-CH. Conclusion: Los resultados sugieren que el APHAB-CH es una medida válida y confiable de los resultados de la adaptación de auxiliares auditivos.
A Shared Control Driving Assistance System : Interest of Using a Driver Model in Both Lane Keeping and Obstacle Avoidance Situations

Abstract In this work, a driving assistance system (DAS) sharing the control of a vehicle with a human driver is proposed. The cooperation degree between the DAS and the human driver is in the center of this work with the aims of reducing conflict between them. A lane keeping driver model is added to the road-vehicle one in order to achieve this goal. Fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) optimal controller is driven considering a varying vehicle longitudinal velocity. The system is evaluated regarding both the human-machine interaction point of view in hazardous situation and the lane keeping performance. Firstly, numerical simulations carried out in Matlab/Simulink are illustrated, and after, the proposed DAS is tested on the LAMIH-SHERPA dynamic simulator with a human driver. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Endocrine‐related quality of life in a randomized trial of exercise on aromatase inhibitor–induced arthralgias in breast cancer survivors

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of a 12‐month exercise intervention on endocrine‐related quality of life (QOL) and overall QOL among breast cancer survivors with aromatase inhibitor (AI)‐induced arthralgia in the Hormones and Physical Exercise (HOPE) Study.
The Prevalence of Peripheral and Central Hearing Impairment and Its Relation to Cognition in Older Adults

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and dementia are two highly prevalent conditions in the adult population. Recent studies have suggested that hearing loss is independently associated with poorer cognitive functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of ARHL and cognitive impairment in a large sample of subjects older than 65 years and to correlate hearing function with cognitive function. A total of 488 subjects older than 65 years (mean age 72.8 years) participating in the Great Age Study underwent a complete audiological, neurological and neuropsychological evaluation as part of a multidisciplinary assessment. The prevalence of a hearing loss greater than 25 dB HL was 64.1%, of Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD) was 14.3 and 25.3% of the subjects reported a hearing handicap as reported on the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening Version questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis corrected for gender, age and education duration showed that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was significantly associated with hearing impairment (CAPD and hearing threshold; odds ratio 1.6, p = 0.05) and that Alzheimer's disease (AD) was significantly associated with CAPD (odds ratio 4.2, p = 0.05). Given that up to 80% of patients affected by MCI convert to AD, adding auditory tests to a screening cognitive battery might have value in the early diagnosis of cognitive decline.