Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Route Design Model of Multiple Feeder Bus Service Based on Existing Bus Lines

The feeder bus, as an important component of urban public transportation systems, is capable of filling the existing service gap left by urban rail transit to satisfy feeder demand. Two challenges to taking advantage of the feeder bus are identified. The first challenge is to identify the service gap, and the second one is to strengthen the coordination of multilevel urban traffic modes. Given these two challenges, this paper established a route design model that introduced a feeder bus demand coefficient to quantify feeder demand for each bus stop. To assist the design of feeder bus routes, an optimization approach based on the tabu search algorithm was proposed. Considering the sizeable combinational optimization problem, the algorithm decomposed this problem into three phases: feeder area partition, candidate stop selection, and route design problem. In the first phase, the entire area was partitioned into several subareas and the specific boundary nodes were moved into an adjacent subarea. Then, the stops with the minimum overall travel cost from every subarea were chosen as candidate ones under the limit of operating costs. The last step was to find the shortest circular route to visit each candidate stop and determine the operating direction. The proposed optimization had been implemented in a downtown area of Suzhou, China, in order to verify its effectiveness through the performance in terms of the quality of optimal solutions and computing efficiency. In addition, a possibility of simplifying a multiple circular route design problem to a single route design problem utilizing spatial clustering is provided to enhance the computing efficiency in a large-scale network.
Response to "Comment on 'Direct determination of the fragility indices of glassforming liquids by differential scanning calorimetry: Kinetic versus thermodynamic fragilities'" (J. Chem. Phys. 118, 10351 (2003))

We give a brief review of how activation energies from scan-rate-dependent Tg studies have been correlated with those for viscosity and other relaxation processes, in order to place the present study in context with previous work, including that referred to in the comment. Then we examine the ensuing question of the extent to which kinetic fragility can be predicted from thermodynamic data. We present a new correlation involving only the entropy of fusion and the jump in heat capacity at Tg, that is followed by most nonchain liquids. Polymer liquids, as the comment authors have shown, have different behavior, consistent with earlier failures to identify Kauzmann and Vogel temperatures in these materials.
Prediction of active filing shelf in medical record unit - General hospital Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal 2020 – 2024

General hospital Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal is a local government hospital. Improving medical support services, especially the quality of medical record archiving services, is essential to maintain the quality of hospitals in the context of good hospital standards. This study aims to predict the need for archive shelves between 2015-2019. The type of research used is descriptive with accidental sampling technique. Patient medical records were collected using a systematic sampling technique. The observation results showed that the average thickness of medical record documents was 0.85 cm based on measurements on 30 samples of medical record documents. The hospital has 48 shelves with 5 sub-shelves on each shelf. The length of the available archives is 525 cm and by 2024 a total of 37 shelfs will be needed. Modeling results based on linear regression equations have decreased medical record documents since 2015-2019 y = - 782.9x +30636. However, the linear regression validation for the cumulative medical record documents for 2015-2019 shows an increase based on the regression equation y = 28439 x + 1112.2, therefore it is necessary to immediately save the medical record document in an active state. The conclusion delivered by Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal does not need an additional archive shelf, but it does require inactive document storage.
Crystal structure of (1aSR,5bRS,7aSR,10aRS,10bSR,10cRS)-1a,5b,6,7,7a,8,9, 10,10b,10c-decahydro-10aH-cyclopenta[1,2]phenanthro[9,10-b]oxiren-10a-ol, C17H20O2

Abstract C17H20O2, monoclinic, P121/n1 (no. 14), a = 6.618(1) Å, b = 27.538(5) Å, c = 14.951(3) Å, β = 98.768(4)°, V = 2692.8 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.054, wRref(F2) = 0.150, T = 153 K
Controls on Interactions Between Surface Water, Groundwater, and Riverine Vegetation Along Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams in Arid Regions

Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES) make up the majority of waterways in arid and semi‐arid regions. While the physical underpinnings of surface water‐groundwater (SW‐GW) flow systems are well understood, how ephemerality, hydraulic properties and vegetation interact along IRES is not clear, posing severe challenges to their sustainable management. This study sought to identify the controls for SW‐GW‐vegetation interactions along IRES. To this end, numerical experiments on a quasi‐hypothetical IRES cross‐section with an integrated surface‐subsurface hydrological model were undertaken. The influence of different degrees of ephemerality on infiltration and riverine transpiration was tested by varying the duration of no‐flow periods. The influence of hydraulic conductivity (K), moisture retention capacity, root density, and local rainfall was also explored. Experiments showed that infiltration is controlled by ephemerality and K, with infiltration decreasing rapidly with increasing ephemerality and decreasing K. Transpiration is influenced by a complex interplay between ephemerality, hydraulic properties, and vegetation. While transpiration is strongly controlled by the degree of ephemerality, the capacity of the subsurface to maintain variably saturated conditions can strongly attenuate the effects of ephemerality. A large moisture retention capacity of the subsurface can partly compensate for the reduced infiltration under increasing ephemerality. Transpiration can be as large under ephemeral as under perennial conditions, especially where water table fluctuations exhibit large amplitudes within the zone of high root density. Overall, the results provide important insights into the complex dynamics of IRES and highlight how changes in flow dynamics can have significant impacts beyond instream processes.
Silicate-based multifunctional nanostructured materials with magnetite and Prussian blue: Application to cesium uptake

Multifunctional nanostructured materials with superparamagnetic and adsorbent properties towards cesium ions were developed by a simple procedure consisting of the one-pot synthesis of magnetite and Prussian blue nanoparticles (NPs) in the presence of a porous inorganic solid that acts as a support or nanoplatform simultaneously assembling both types of NPs. Sepiolite, a hydrated magnesium silicate with fibrous morphology, microporosity, large specific surface area and bearing hydroxyl groups in its external surface, was here chosen as the nanoplatform supporting the in situ synthesized NPs, although this methodology was also successfully proved using other inorganic solids like silica gel. The efficacy of the resulting materials in the adsorption of cesium ions from aqueous media, even in the presence of a high concentration of sodium chloride, would allow their application in the removal of radioactive cesium-137 with the advantage of an easy and quick recovery of the pollutant-loaded adsorbents by means of a magnet.
Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted Imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles through Cyclization and Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions

Highly substituted imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole derivatives were synthesized through successive cyclization and Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. The palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction was optimized and a wide range of boronic acids was used to evaluate the scope and limitations of the methodology. The final compounds were obtained in fair to very good yields and high compatibility with various chemical functions or (hetero)cycles was observed.
Minimum Distance Optimization with Chord Edge Growth for High Girth Non-Binary LDPC Codes

Short or moderate-length non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes have the potential applications in future low latency and high-reliability communication thanks to the strong error correction capability and parallel decoding. Because of the existence of the error floor, the NB-LDPC codes usually cannot satisfy very low bit error rate (BER) requirements. In this paper, a low-complexity method is proposed for optimizing the minimum distance of the NB-LDPC code in a progressive chord edge growth manner. Specifically, each chord edge connecting two non-adjacent vertices is added to the Hamiltonian cycle one-by-one. For each newly added chord edge, the configuration of non-zero entries corresponding to the chord edge is determined according to the so-called full rank condition (FRC) of all cycles that are related to the chord edge in the obtained subgraph. With minor modifications to the designed method, it can be used to construct the NB-LDPC codes with an efficient encoding structure. The analysis results show that the method for designing NB-LDPC codes while using progressive chord edge growth has lower complexity than traditional methods. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the performance of the NB-LDPC code in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region. While using the proposed scheme, an NB-LDPC code with a quite low BER can be constructed with extremely low complexity.
Cognitive Decline and It’s Risk Factors in the Elderly in China: A Longitudinal Study

Background Cognitive decline，a prodromal symptom of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) with no effective treatment, often occurs in the elderly. Prevent the occurrence of diseases by controlling risk factors is the best way to reduce its harms. The aim of this study was to identify the influencing factors of the cognitive function decline. Methods This study included analyzed 4482 participants obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to analyze the factors affecting the decline of cognitive function level of the elderly.Results According to this study, being female (OR 1.39), older (OR 1.34 to 5.73 from group 65~69 years to group age≥80 years), unmarried/divorced/widowed (OR 1.41), lower education (OR 2.37 to 45.36 from junior high school graduation to illiteracy), living in a rural area before 16 years (OR 1.87), keep smoking (OR 1.26), over napping (OR 1.28), underweight (OR 1.73), having difficulties with everyday activities (OR 1.25), and poor self-rated health (OR 1.36) were at higher risk of cognitive function decline in the elderly. While drinking once a month and above (OR 0.80), taking care of grandchildren in the last year (OR 0.71), overweight (OR 0.73), and obese (OR 0.63) were the protective factors. Conclusion Cognitive decline in the elderly was associated with several risk factors. Thus, future research should be focused on high risk elderly with these predictive factors, both to delineate mechanisms for development of cognitive decline and to evaluate preventive interventions.
Thermal Stability Studies of Binder Materials in Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

The negative electrode (NE) for lithium-ion batteries is conventionally made by casting a mixture of various carbon materials with polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) onto copper foil. Differential scanning calorimetry and accelerating rate calorimetry were used to evaluate the thermal stability of several lithiated NE materials: synthetic graphite (SFG-44), mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), lignin-based hard carbon (HC), and mixtures of these materials. The exothermic heat generation of lithiated NEs, in the absence of the electrolyte, is attributed to the reaction of PVDF with lithiated carbon (Li x C 6 ). For all samples here, the total exothermic heat generation increases with an increase in lithiation content. The onset temperature for the thermal reaction of PVDF with SFG-44 or MCMB does not depend on the lithiation content. However, this onset temperature decreases as lithiation increases in HC electrodes. These differences are attributed to structural differences between highly graphitic SFG-44 and MCMB compared with the far less graphitic HC. Total heat generation increases with PVDF binder content. An alternative resin-based binder, phenolformaldehyde phenolic-resin (C 7 H 6 O) n , is proposed. Full or partial substitution of this material for PVDF lowers the exothermic heat of reaction of the binder agent with lithiated NE materials.
The twin cytokines interleukin-34 and CSF-1: masterful conductors of macrophage homeostasis

Macrophages are specialized cells that control tissue homeostasis. They include non-resident and tissue-resident macrophage populations which are characterized by the expression of particular cell surface markers and the secretion of molecules with a wide range of biological functions. The differentiation and polarization of macrophages relies on specific growth factors and their receptors. Macrophage-colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) and interleukine-34 (IL-34), also known as “twin” cytokines, are part of this regluatory landscape. CSF-1 and IL-34 share a common receptor, the macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor (CSF-1R), which is activated in a similar way by both factors and turns on identical signaling pathways. However, there is some discrete differential activation leading to specific activities. In this review, we disscuss recent progress in understanding of the role of the twin cytokines in macrophage differentiation, from their interaction with CSF-1R and the activation of signaling pathways, to their implication in macrophage polarization of non-resident and tissue-resident macrophages. A special focus on IL-34, its involvement in pathophsyiological contexts, and its potential as a theranostic target for macrophage therapy will be proposed.
Utilizing maximum likelihood deblurring algorithm to recover high frequency components of scanning electron microscopy images

Applying an image deblurring technique used in image processing fields, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were enhanced by recovering the high frequency components of the image, thereby reducing image blur. The accuracy of the deblurring method was tested by examining isolated trenches, dense lines:trenches, and unpatterned photoresist. The images were artificially blurred, then deblurred. They were also rotated and compared. Any periodic structures on the image must have a pitch larger than the expected image blur. When that qualification is satisfied, a statistical confidence level far greater than 99% demonstrated that the method does indeed deblur properly and as desired. To some degree, the deblurring technique can be used to determine stage drift, aperture misalignment, astigmation, or other problems with the SEM that affect image blur.
Facing the unknown: pandemic and higher education in Malaysia

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide commentary on the challenges and impacts of the pandemic crisis to higher education institutions (HEIs) in Malaysia. It also outlines mitigation plans, innovative strategies adopted and implications and recommendations to HEIs.Design/methodology/approachThe research study uses a discourse analysis to examine the higher education challenges and impacts of the pandemic in Malaysia.FindingsThe findings reveal that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the higher education sector in Malaysia significantly. Both lecturers and students in HEIs are faced with multiple challenges in teaching and learning. The effect was more severe in East Malaysia due to poor Internet connectivity for online learning. Nevertheless, COVID-19 also provides an opportunity to HEIs to reconstruct the education system and establish updated programmes and assessments. The success of online learning to mitigate the impacts is still unknown.Research limitations/implicationsThe review of the literature and news are not comprehensive as the current pandemic crisis is not over.Originality/valueThis paper is presumably representing a frontier review with more empirical research studies to be conducted to investigate the extent of the current crisis affecting teaching and learning in HEIs in Malaysia. Though there were some commentaries on how the pandemic affects education, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first commentary paper in higher education realm in Malaysia.
A Comparison of Classification Performances between the Methods of Logistics Regression and CHAID Analysis in accordance with Sample Size

The aim of the study is to analyze how classification performances change in accordance with sample size in logistic regression and CHAID analyses. The dataset used in this study was obtained by means of “Attentional Control Scale. ” The scale was applied to 1824 students and the analyses were done by randomly choosing the samples from the dataset. Nine classification criteria were determined in order to evaluate classification performances of logistic regression and CHAID analyses, and the results were interpreted in consideration of these criteria. As a result of the analyses, it was found that classification performance in logistic regression showed no change as sample size increased, and performed a better classification in small sample size (N= between 25 and 900) than CHAID analysis. On the other hand, in the method of CHAID analysis it was seen that classification performance improved as sample size increased, and provided stronger findings in large sample size (N= 1000 and above). Moreover, in classification studies logistic regression analysis yielded more reliable results, and CHAID analysis provided stronger classifications. The results of this study are considered to suggest researchers to select the methods in classification studies based on sample size.
On enhancement and control of green emission of rare earth co-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: synthesis and upconversion luminescence properties

In this work, low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis of a series of xMo-1%Er-10%Yb (x: % mol) doped hydroxyapatite (HA) phosphor was studied. The single phase of hexagonal structure HA nanorods obtained with high crystallinity was verified using characterization techniques such as XRD, HRTEM + SAED. It was found that the presence of the orientation growth associated with near to {210} planes of the HA phase was favored with the increases of Mo6+ doping contents and different hydrothermal reaction times. The Mo6+ doped HA:Er-Yb phosphor showed energetic green UC emission band (520/550 nm) and weak red UC emission band (655 nm) attributed to (2H11/2, 4S3/2) - 4I15/2, 4F9/2 - 4I15/2 transition of the Er3+ ion, respectively, under 975 nm laser excitation. Notably, the green emission intensity of the Mo6+ doped phosphor is 70 times higher than that of samples without doping Mo6+ content. The high efficiency of the green UC can be attributed to the novel energy transfer process from |2F7/2, 3T2> state of Yb3+ - MoO42- dimer to the 4F7/2 of Er3+ ions. The results from the fitting the theoretical model to the experimental luminescence decay curves of the undoped and doped samples showed that the decay time of green emission of sample doped Mo6+ ions (329 μs) is longer than the undoped sample (299 μs), which confirms the presence of the Yb3+ - MoO42- dimer in the system. Moreover, the grain orientations due to the effect of Mo6+ ions doped in HA phosphor could favor the enhancement of UC emission intensity. The UC mechanism of Mo6+ doped HA:Er-Yb was determined to be three (green band) and two photons (red band) absorption processes. The results suggest that the HA: Er-Yb-Mo phosphor could have potentials in solar cell and biomedical applications.
Why do molecules echo atomic periodicity

Franck–Condon factors are investigated for sequences of free main-group diatomic molecules. Theory-based Condon loci (parabolas) and Morse-potential loci are plotted on Deslandres tables to verify if they, indeed, follow the largest Franck–Condon factors. Then, the inclination angles of the Condon loci are determined. Thus, entire band systems are quantified by one variable, the angle. For all available isoelectronic sequences, this angle increases from a central minimum toward magic-number molecular boundaries. The theory for the Condon locus gives the angle in terms of the ratio of the upper-state to the lower-state force constants. It is concluded that the periodicity is caused due to the fact that this ratio becomes larger as rare-gas molecules are approached, a trend that probably points to the extreme cases of the rare-gas molecules themselves. Thus, molecular periodicity echoes atomic periodicity in that data plots have extrema at molecules with magic-number atoms, yet it does not echo the details of atomic periodicity in series between those molecules. © 2013 The Authors. International Journal of Quantum Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Towards 3D Simulation for Disaster Intervention Robot Behaviour Assessment

Abstract. When a disaster strikes, response teams can nowadays rely on recent advances in technology. This approach improves the definition of a disaster management strategy. The use of autonomous systems during rescue operations allows, for example, to reach places that may be inaccessible or dangerous to human rescuers. In this context, both the design and the configuration of an autonomous system, including its embedded instruments (e.g. sensors), play a very important role in the overall outcome of the rescue mission. An incorrect configuration can lead to the acquisition of inaccurate or erroneous data and may result in incorrect information provided to rescuers. How can we ensure that the configuration of the autonomous systems is correct for a target mission? We propose to validate this configuration by testing the behaviour of the autonomous systems and their equipment in a virtual environment. To do this, system, sensors, space environment (geometry, etc.), prevailing conditions at the intervention site (weather, etc.) and mission scenario must be modelled in a 3D simulation system. The results of these simulations allow to apply in real time the modifications required to better adapt the configuration to the objectives of the mission. These simulations must be performed prior to the deployment of rescue teams to speed the development of a rescue management strategy. In this contribution, we propose a protocol to enhance an existing simulation environment to make it adapt to support disaster management. Then, we validate it through a case study in which we show the approach to correctly configure a LIDAR for a realistic mission. Such simulations allowed us to quantitatively configure the parameters of the LIDAR mounted on an existing disaster management rover, in order to keep the energy consumption limited while guaranteeing a correct functioning of the system. Resuming, the expected results are: (i) the assessment of the suitability of system for the mission, (ii) the choice of the quantitative features which characterize such equipment, (iii) the expectation of mission success and (iv) the probability which the system survives and completes the mission.