Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capacity assessment of railway infrastructure: Tools, methodologies and policy relevance in the EU context

The transport sector is increasingly faced with several issues related to the rising of traffic demand such as congestion, energy consumption, noise, pollution, safety, etc. Due to its low external and environmental costs, railway can be considered (together with inland waterways and short-sea-shipping) as a key factor for the sustainable development of a more competitive and resource-efficient transport system (European Commission, White Paper 2011). In order to reinforce the role of rail in European transport, there is a strong need of addressing the efficiency of the system and customers' satisfaction through targeted actions, i.e. rising reliability and quality of service. This becomes particularly pressing as many parts of the existing railway infrastructures are reaching their maximum capacity thus shrinking their capability to provide users and customers a higher or even adequate level of service. Taking also into account that transport demand forecasts for 2030 clearly show a marked increase of rail activity across the whole Europe, we aim to address the issue of rail congestion in the context of relevant policy questions: Is the actual rail Infrastructure really able to absorb forecasted traffic, without significant impacts on punctuality of the system? Would the already planned interventions on the European railway infrastructure guarantee an adequate available capacity and consequently adequate reliability and level of service? To which extent would the coveted competition in an open railway market be influenced by capacity scarcity, mainly during peak hours or along more profitable corridors? An accurate estimation of capacity of the rail network can help answer these questions, leading policy makers to better decisions and helping to minimize costs for users. In this context this report explores the issue of capacity scarcity and sets this issue in the context of other relevant policy issues (track access charges, cost/benefit and accessibility measures, maintenance programmes, freight servicesâ€™ reliability, external, marginal congestion or scarcity cost for rail, impacts of climate changes, etc.), providing a methodological review of capacity and punctuality assessment procedures. To better explore the real applicability and the time and/or data constraints of each methodology, the study reports some practical applications to the European railway network. Finally in the last section the report discusses the topic from a modelling perspective, as the quantitative estimation of railway capacity constraints is a key issue in order to provide better support to transport policies at EU level.
The contribution of the Nabucco pipeline to the security of natural gas supply in the european context : “The Opera Pipeline” – an assessment study of Nabucco pipeline

In January 2006 Europe entered into a state of shock by the unexpected shortage of natural gas that had been caused by the Russian-Ukrainian gas dispute. The gas pipeline crossing Ukraine provides the EU market with Russian natural gas, and this shutdown resulted in a significant disturbance for many of the EU members. In the new world order, interruption of energy supplies could threaten the national security of a country to the same magnitude as military actions. With EU depending on Russia, Norway and Algeria for more than half of its imported natural gas consumption, this threat could be more tangibly sensed. However, in the wake of this crisis, EU members became sensitized to the matter of sustainability and security of monopolized gas supply and the consequent geopolitical vulnerability. The Russian-Ukrainian crisis brings energy security to the forefront of the EU agenda and made European policy makers contemplate about new pipeline routes and LNG technology in order to diversify their supply resources. Therefore, the attentions turned to Central Asia and Middle East as an abundant source of natural gas and Nabucco pipeline as a potential route to contribute to the diversification of natural gas supplies to the EU and enhancing the European energy security.
Personality disorder and mild traumatic brain injury

Abstract Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) poses risk to the neurocognitive, emotional, and financial well‐being of affected individuals. While aggression and impulsivity have been examined in relation to mTBI, little work has been done to evaluate the relationship between history of mTBI and personality disorder (PD). The authors examined the associations between history of mTBI and PD in a control group without history of mTBI (N = 1189) and individuals with history of mTBI (N = 267). Results demonstrated that any PD diagnosis is a significant risk factor for mTBI (p < 0.001). Cluster B diagnoses, particularly borderline and antisocial PD, were independently significant risk factors for mTBI. These data suggest a role for screening for a history of mTBI in patients with PDs and associated traits.
Migration time correction for dual pressure capillary electrophoresis in semi‐targeted metabolomics study

Migration time fluctuation strongly affects peak alignment and identification of unknown compounds, making migration time correction an essential step in capillary electrophoresis (CE)‐based metabolomics. To obtain more reliable information, metabolites with different apparent mobilities are analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Applying a small pressure is a common practice for reducing the analysis time of anions in a positive mode CE, known as the pressure‐assisted CE. However, applying pressure may reduce the separation efficiency and can be undesirable for cation analysis. A simple way to address this issue is to increase the pressure after a certain time, during the separation. We term this practice as dual pressure CE. However, changing the pressure during the CE separation complicates migration time correction. Previous migration time correction methods were established based on a consistent electroosmotic flow and a constant pressure‐driven bulk‐flow velocity. We proposed a new correction method to support the peak alignment when dual pressure CE is used. A Python‐based script was developed to implement dual pressure CE migration time correction for semi‐targeted metabolomics study performed by a multiple reaction monitoring–based method. This script can help select suitable endogenous metabolites as correction markers, perform migration time correction, and conduct peak alignment. A case study showed that migration time precision of 156 metabolites in 32 samples can be improved from 4.8 to 11.4%RSD (relative standard deviation) to less than 1.8%RSD.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE FUZZY C-MEANS DAN TOPSIS DALAM MEMBANGUN SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENENTUAN JURUSAN SMA (Studi Kasus : Penentuan Jurusan di SMA Negeri 1 Wonosari)

Proses pendidikan di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri merupakan suatu proses yang memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap perkembangan siswa di masa depan. Dengan demikian perlu dilakukan suatu penjurusan menurut kemampuan akademik serta minat dari masing-masing siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu pihak sekolah dalam proses penjurusan siswa kelas X untuk memilih jurusan IPA atau IPS ketika siswa naik ke kelas XI sekolah menengah atas. Sistem pendukung keputusan merupakan suatu sistem informasi yang diharapkan dapat membantu manajemen dalam proses pengambilan keputusan penentuan jurusan. Proses penentuan jurusan ini menggunakan metode Fuzzy C-means untuk menentukan cluster kelas IPA dan IPS serta menggunakan metode TOPSIS untuk melakukan proses perangkingan sebagai hasil akhir penentuan jurusan yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam pemilihan jurusan untuk siswa kelas X SMA. Dari hasil implementasi sistem yang digunakan, software ini diharapkan dapat membantu proses pengambilan keputusan yang tepat dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan, terutama siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Wonosari. Software ini dibuat dengan menggunakan DBMS MySQL untuk database dan Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 sebagai interfacenya. Hasil penelitian ini berupa program aplikasi pendukung keputusan penentuan jurusan SMA.
A web-based survey on the behavior of moisturizer used in adults with and without atopic dermatitis in Thailand.

BACKGROUND Moisturizers play an important role in restoring the skin barrier. They should be used to treat and prevent eczema, especially in atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the factors that influence selection of moisturizers in adult patients with AD and without it. Usage behavior between the two groups was also determined. METHODS A cross-sectional web-based survey was performed. RESULTS A total of 1,195 participants with mean age of 46.5 ± 14.5 were enrolled. Fifty participants (4.2%) met the William's criteria for AD diagnosis. Most participants reported using moisturizer every day or two times per day. A non-sticky moisturizer, followed by pleasant odor were considered important properties. For choosing a moisturizer, personal satisfaction was the most common answer given by participants. The most common locations that participants applied moisturizer were the extremities (85.1%) and face (84.9%). Physicians' suggestion was also a significant factor that led to moisturizer use by AD patients but it was not significant in the non-AD group (29.2% vs 14.7%, p = 0.007, OR 2.4). A pH of 5.5 and the anti-inflammatory property were important factors in choosing a moisturizer in the AD group. Both AD and non-AD participants preferred liquid soap over bar soap in daily life. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that most participants have basic knowledge of how to use a moisturizer. Physicians' suggestion influenced the selection of moisturizer in AD patients. Thus, physicians should continue to educate in order to achieve good clinical outcomes.
Long‐Term Ligature‐Induced Periodontitis Exacerbates Development of Bisphosphonate‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Mice

Bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a detrimental intraoral lesion that occurs in patients with long‐term or high‐dose use of anti‐resorptive agents such as bisphosphonates. Tooth extraction is a known risk factor for BRONJ, and such intervention is often performed to eliminate existing pathological inflammatory conditions. Previously, we determined that ligature‐induced periodontitis (LIP) is a risk factor for the development of osteonecrosis in mice, but it remains unclear whether the chronicity of LIP followed by extraction influences osteonecrosis development. In this study, we assess the effect of short‐term and long‐term LIP (ligature placed for 3 weeks [S‐LIP] or 10 weeks [L‐LIP], respectively) on osteonecrosis development in mice receiving 250 μg/kg/week zoledronic acid (ZOL). When compared to S‐LIP, L‐LIP caused 70% (p ≤ 0.0014) more bone loss without altering microbe composition. In the presence of ZOL, bone loss mediated by LIP was prevented and bone necrosis was induced. When the ligated tooth was extracted, histologic hallmarks of osteonecrosis including empty lacunae and necrotic bone were increased by 88% (p = 0.0374) and 114% (p = 0.0457), respectively, in L‐LIP compared to S‐LIP. We also observed significant increases in serum platelet factor 4 (PF4) and macrophage inflammatory factor 1 γ (MIP1γ) in mice that received ZOL treatment and had tooth extractions compared to controls, which may be systemic markers of inflammation‐associated osteonecrosis development. Additionally, CD3+ T cells were identified as the major immune population in both health and disease, and we observed a 116% (p = 0.0402) increase in CD3+IL23R+ T cells in L‐LIP compared to S‐LIP lesions following extraction. Taken together, our study reveals that extracting a periodontally compromised tooth increases the formation of necrotic bone compared to extracting a periodontally healthy tooth and that osteonecrosis may be associated with the duration of the preexisting pathological inflammatory conditions. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
High voltage gain half-bridge quasi-switched boost inverter with reduced voltage stress on capacitors

In this study, an improved topology of half-bridge switched boost inverter with low voltage stress on capacitors is proposed. The proposed half-bridge quasi-switched boost inverter, in comparison with the half-bridge Z-source inverter with two Z-networks, has less passive components. Moreover, the proposed topology generates high voltage gain comparing with the conventional topologies and has stable operation. Producing zero voltage level at the output is the other advantage of the proposed inverter, in comparison with the conventional half-bridge inverter. The small-signal model and steady-state analysis of the proposed inverter in different operating modes are given. Moreover, signal flow graph using small-signal analysis and design considerations are derived. In addition, switching pattern for the proposed inverter is presented and power losses are calculated. A comprehensive comparison is done between the proposed topology and conventional inverters from different points of view such as number of components, volume, inrush current, tolerance of shoot-through and so on. Finally, the simulation and experimental results are given to demonstrate dynamic response, effect of undesirable shoot-through and the accuracy of the given theories.
VIPPID: a gene-specific single nucleotide variant pathogenicity prediction tool for primary immunodeficiency diseases

Abstract Distinguishing pathogenic variants from non-pathogenic ones remains a major challenge in clinical genetic testing of primary immunodeficiency (PID) patients. Most of the existing mutation pathogenicity prediction tools treat all mutations as homogeneous entities, ignoring the differences in characteristics of different genes, and use the same model for genes in different diseases. In this study, we developed a single nucleotide variant (SNV) pathogenicity prediction tool, Variant Impact Predictor for PIDs (VIPPID; https://mylab.shinyapps.io/VIPPID/), which was tailored for PIDs genes and used a specific model for each of the most prevalent PID known genes. It employed a Conditional Inference Forest model and utilized information of 85 features of SNVs and scores from 20 existing prediction tools. Evaluation of VIPPID showed that it had superior performance (area under the curve = 0.91) over non-specific conventional tools. In addition, we also showed that the gene-specific model outperformed the non-gene-specific models. Our study demonstrated that disease-specific and gene-specific models can improve SNV pathogenicity prediction performance. This observation supports the notion that each feature of mutations in the model can be potentially used, in a new algorithm, to investigate the characteristics and function of the encoded proteins.
Integrating genetic assistants into the workforce: An 18‐year productivity analysis and development of a staff mix planning tool

In recent years, genetic (counseling) assistants have been integrated in the genetics workforce, such that one‐third of genetic counselors now report working with a genetic assistant. While several studies showed that adoption of the genetic assistant model leads to an increase in patient volume, the impact of this role substitution has not been studied quantitatively beyond the cancer genetics workforce. This study utilized 18 years of data from a publicly funded genetics clinic with multiple specialties and varying staff mix. Time series regression modeling was applied to describe the evolving impact of genetic assistants on genetic counselor and clinical geneticist productivity (measured as patient volume). The regression models suggest that the integration of genetic assistants led to a sustainable increase in genetic counselor patient volume, while clinical geneticist patient volume was unaffected. Importantly, the models also demonstrated an interaction between the number of genetic counselors and genetic assistants, whereby the impact of adding a genetic counselor was greater as more genetic assistants were employed in the clinic, and vice versa. The main regression model was used to create “ClinMix: A Genetics Staff Mix Planning Tool,” an Excel application that allows users to explore how different staffing plans could affect patient volume, by applying the parameters estimated from this data or their own. We hope this report and the ClinMix tool can be employed by the genetics workforce to advocate for further implementation and evaluation of genetic assistant positions. Adoption of the genetic assistant model may provide clinics the support needed to meet increasing service delivery demands and subsequently foster genetic counselor practice at “top of scope. ”
Durable pulmonary vein isolation with diffuse posterior left atrial ablation using low‐flow, median power, short‐duration strategy

To target posterior wall isolation (PWI) in atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, diffuse ablation theoretically confers a lower risk of conduction recovery compared to box set. We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of diffuse PWI with low‐flow, medium‐power, and short‐duration (LF‐MPSD) ablation, and evaluate the durability of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and PWI among patients undergoing repeat ablations.
Evaluation of pulmonary arterial stiffness and comparison with right ventricular functions in patients with cirrhosis preparing for liver transplantation

Pulmonary complications are common in patients with liver cirrhosis. Devolopment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with a poor prognosis in these patients. Pulmonary arterial stiffness (PAS) is considered an early sign of pulmonary vascular remodeling. The aim of this study is to investigate PAS and compare it with right ventricular (RV) functions in patients with cirrhosis who are scheduled for liver transplantation.
HVDC Power Transmission Oriented Grid-Connection Topology and Control Strategy for Wind Farm Composed of Doubly Fed Induction Generators

A kind of HVDC power transmission oriented grid-connection topology and corresponding control strategy for wind farm composed of doubly fed induction generators(DFIG) is proposed. In the proposed topology the DFIG is connected to power grid via the DC bus inside the DFIG, and the converter is controlled by indirect air gap flux linkage orientation strategy and air gap electromotive force(emf) orientation strategy to ensure that a three-phase sinusoidal emf can be generated in the air gap of DFIG, meanwhile the active power transmitted from DFIG to DC bus can be flexibly adjusted. Besides the control strategy within the whole speed range of DFIG under the proposed topology is analyzed. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed topology and corresponding control strategy is validated by a constructed experimental system for the DC grid-connection and power transmission of DFIG.
D EEP S EQUENCED L INEAR D YNAMICAL S YSTEMS FOR M ANIPULATION P OLICY L EARNING

In policy learning for robotic manipulation tasks, action parameterization can have a major impact on the final performance and sample efficiency of a policy. Unlike highly-dynamic continuous-control tasks, many manipulation tasks can be efficiently performed by a sequence of simple, smooth end-effector motions. Building on this intuition, we present a new class of policies built on top of differentiable Linear Dynamical System (dLDS) units, our differentiable formulation of the classical LDS. Constructing policies using dLDS units yields several advantageous properties, including trajectory coherence across timesteps, stability, and invariance under translation and scaling. Inspired by the sequenced LDS approach proposed by Dixon & Khosla (2004), we propose a deep neural-network policy parameterization based on sequenced dLDS units, and we integrate this policy class into standard on-policy reinforcement learning settings. We conduct extensive experiments on Metaworld environments and show a notable improvement in performance and sample efficiency compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. Additional visualizations and code can be found at https://sites.google. com/view/deep-sequenced-lds .
Analisis Tingkat Kesukaan Konsumen, Penetapan Umur Simpan dan Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Dodol Pisang Awa

Dodol Pisang Awa is a newly introduced local banana-based product. Several basic studies are necessary in introducing the new product to the prospective producers and consumers. Studies conducted were consumer preference level, shelf life determination and business feasibility analysis. Result showed that the taste of Dodol Pisang Awa is accepted at level 4 (hedonic scale of 1-5) followed by the aroma, overall appearance, texture, and colour. The shelf life was limited to 10 days at room temperature, transparent HDPE packaging. Feasibility analysis suggested that the business plan is feasible at profitability value of 0.77 and business efficiency of 1.77.
Entwicklung eines Konzepts für eine nachgiebige Kopplung zweier Segmente eines aquatischen Roboters

Abstract This diploma thesis presents the development, construction and testing of a new variant of a passively adjustable compliant joint. This joint is located between the modules of a modular swimming robot. The locomotion of this robot is biologically inspired. At the moment, there are two possible movement patterns: an eel-like (anguilliform) locomotion and a thuna-like (thunniform) locomotion. The robot consists of a two module base structure. A variable number of effector modules can be connected with these base modules. The base structure carries the power supply, the receiver for the remote control, the motor controller and the single drive. The number of the effector modules defines the movement patterns (anguilliform or thunniform). The coupling of the effector modules is mechanically executed. The utilised compliant joint is the focal point of this thesis. The new design is based on the plane bending of linear spring steel sheets in contrast to the current pattern with linear spiral springs. Two variants are constructed, one with two parallel spring steel sheets and one with a single centered spring steel sheet. Especially the single centered spring steel sheet variant enables the tail structure with three modules to perform anguilliform motions. Furthermore, the first steps for a sensory recording of current and voltage of the single drive actuated swimming robot are undertaken. A measuring circuit is designed, produced and programmed. This circuit delivers exact results of the current that is consumed by the motor. The results are sent to a PC via USB cable and connector. In addition to that, a variant for a modular connector that can carry the compliant joint and connects the joint with the robot’s body is constructed and a first sample is built and tested. The sample build of the modular connector is waterproof and presents an alternative to the current design.
Structure Design for 110 kV FRP Pole

In order to adapt to the economical and rapid development of transmission engineering,the new type of power pole made of electrical insulating material FRP is introduced.Based on the material properties,the Kerry contour structure is adopted,and stiffening rib is added to the traditional annular section to reinforce the section stiffness.The FRP material can be applied to transmission tower ranging from 35 kV to 110 kV.In light of the tower design standard,the span of Kerry pole is deduced and the pole diameter-thickness ratio is selected optimally to determine suitable size.Research shows that the selected material and section size can meet the requirements for pole stress and deflection.This composite material tower design provides the theoretical reference for further research.