Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of fuel polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content on the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other mutagenic substances from a gasoline-fueled automobile.

Exhaust emissions from a fuel-injected, Otto engine equipped car driven according to the US Federal Test Procedure (FTP-73) were characterized chemically and by mutagenicity tests. Four fuel qualities of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content were used. Emission variables investigated were regulated pollutants (CO, unburned hydrocarbons, NO/sub x/), particle emissions, emission of particle and gas phase associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehyde emissions, emissions of benzene, toluene, ethene, and propene, and mutagenicity in particle and gas phases. The amount of formed PAH emitted in the exhaust is approximately constant. In fuels with low PAH contents a large proportion of emitted PAH was formed. Most of the cyclopenta(cd)pyrene and benzo(b and k) fluoranthene, greater than or equal to 80% and greater than or equal to 70%, respectively, is formed in the combustion process. All the exhaust samples, except one, in both the particulate phase and the gas phase, gave significant mutagenic effects on Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98 and TA100 with or without a metabolizing system (S9). Generally, the gas phase gave a higher effect compared to the particulate phase. The best correlation between emitted PAH and mutagenicity was found for the particulate phase and TA100+S9.
T-cell-replete haploidentical HSCT with low-dose anti-T-lymphocyte globulin compared with matched sibling HSCT and unrelated HSCT.

We developed an approach of T-cell-replete haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with low-dose anti-T-lymphocyte globulin and prospectively compared outcomes of all contemporaneous T-cell-replete HSCT performed at our center using matched sibling donors (MSDs), unrelated donors (URDs), and haploidentical related donors (HRDs). From 2008 to 2013, 90 patients underwent MSD-HSCT, 116 underwent URD-HSCT, and 99 underwent HRD-HSCT. HRDs were associated with higher incidences of grades 2 to 4 (42.4%) and severe acute graft-versus-host disease (17.2%) and nonrelapse mortality (30.5%), compared with MSDs (15.6%, 5.6%, and 4.7%, respectively; P < .05), but were similar to URDs, even fully 10/10 HLA-matched URDs. For high-risk patients, a superior graft-versus-leukemia effect was observed in HRD-HSCT, with 5-year relapse rates of 15.4% in HRD-HSCT, 28.2% in URD-HSCT (P = .07), and 49.9% in MSD-HSCT (P = .002). Furthermore, 5-year disease-free survival rates were not significantly different for patients undergoing transplantation using 3 types of donors, with 63.6%, 58.4%, and 58.3% for MSD, URD, and HRD transplantation, respectively (P = .574). Our data indicate that outcomes after HSCT from suitably matched URDs and HRDs with low-dose anti-T-lymphocyte globulin are similar and that HRD improves outcomes of patients with high-risk leukemia. This trial was registered at www.chictr. org (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry) as #ChiCTR-OCH-12002490.
Benchmarking SW26010 Many-Core Processor

Equipped with the Chinese home-grown SW26010 many-core processor, TaihuLight claims the top place in the TOP500 list released in June 2016. Although some large-scale applications have been successfully running on the supercomputer, few studies have been conducted to analyze the performance impact caused by the extreme memory-bound architecture design. To facilitate native in-depth optimizations and performance modeling, understanding the architecture and performance characteristics of SW26010 is essential. Therefore, we developed a suite of micro-benchmarks written in C/assembly and characterized the key architectural components: (1) the pipelines of computing processing elements; (2) the softwarecontrolled memory hierarchy; and (3) the lightweight onchip communication at register level. Our benchmark results indicate that the comprehensive optimizations from highlevel algorithm design to low-level instruction scheduling are required to achieve good performance on SW26010.
Indoor positioning using smartphone camera

With the increasing computational power of mobile devices and the increase in the usage of ordinary location-based services, the area of indoor location-based services is of growing interest. Nowadays indoor location-based services are used mainly for personalized information retrieval of maps and points of interest. Advanced location-based functionality often suffers from imprecise positioning methods. In this paper we present a simple, yet powerful positioning method inside buildings which allows for a fine-grained detection of the position and orientation of a user while being easy to deploy and optimize. The main contribution of this paper consists of the combination of an image recognition system with a distance estimation algorithm to gain a high-quality positioning service independent from any infrastructure using the camera of a mobile device. Moreover this type of positioning can be operated in a user-contributed way and is less susceptible to small changes in the environment as compared to popular WLAN-based systems. As an extension, we propose the usage of very coarse WLAN positioning to reduce the size of the candidate set of image recognition and hence speed up the system.
WiFi fingerprinting signal strength error modeling for short distances

With increasing user demands on Location-based Services (LBS) and Social Networking Services (SNS), indoor positioning has become more crucial. Because of the general failure of GPS indoors, non-GNSS navigation technologies are essential for such areas. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) have widely been employed for indoor localisation based on the Received Signal Strength (RSS)-based location fingerprinting technique. The fingerprinting technique stores the location-dependent characteristics of a signal collected at known locations ahead of the system's use for localisation in a database. When positioning, the user's device records its own vector(s) of signal strength and matches it against the pre-recorded database of vectors by applying pattern matching algorithms. Location is then calculated based on the best matches between the new and stored vectors. We examined the relationship between the measured Manhattan Distance (MD), Euclidean Distance (ED), and other vector distances over the geometric distance between Reference Points (RPs) in a fingerprint database. The correlation between geometric and vector distance was poor. However, because “nearest neighbor” algorithms are used, only short vector distances are important. Furthermore, the measured RSSs varied much more as a function of distance (due to fast fading) than it did as a function of time at a single test point. Hence, the difference between variances measured at two test points was not a good indicator of the measured difference in signal strength. This led to the current investigation of very short geometric distances. In this paper, a new algorithm is applied to examine data from locations at very short ranges from each other and to investigate the relationship between vector distance and the geometric distance in closer areas in order to observe the nature of the relationship between short-range fingerprints. The experimental test bed was carried out in a large furnished office. Two west-east and south-north lines in a cross shape with 4m length are considered. We find that even at short distances, variation due to fading dominates and using other vector distances instead of MD or ED can help decrease the effect of such variation in positioning.
PCB transport into lake sediments. Conceptual model and laboratory simulation.

A laboratory simulation study was performed to observe the transport of a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) in lake bottom sediment. A conceptual mathematical model, which describes PCB fate due to the combination of molecular diffusion in pore water and partitioning onto sediment solids, was assessed. An experimental apparatus was designed to simulate a lake bottom sediment/water interface condition, in which Aroclor 1242 was introduced. Sampling and analytical methods were devised, so that bed depth-PCB concentration profiles could be determined from the simulation. Very thin slices, 0.02-0.1 cm, allowed the construction of concentration profiles to quantify the time variation of penetration of {sup 14}C-labeled components into bottom sediment. The consistent behavior of effective diffusivities extracted from profiles suggests the model may adequately describe chemical transport in sediment.
Multilateration localization based on Singular Value Decomposition for 3D indoor positioning

Localization is crucial for various applications, this includes resource coordination in small and ultra-small cells, as well as the whole range of Location Based Service (LBS). Multilateration is a localization technique that is based on distance measurements between multiple reference nodes and a target node. This paper introduces a multilateration localization approach that uses Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for 3D indoor positioning. It also provides a mathematical multilateration formulation which considers the coordinates of the reference nodes and the relative distance between transmitting nodes. In practical deployments, the relative distance can be estimated using RSSI; we apply Kalman filtering to the RSSI measurements aiming to get a more accurate RSSI value. The approach is complemented by using two selection methods which help chosing the best nodes for multilateration computation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the experimental evaluation results obtained.
HIPS: Human-based indoor positioning system

Homo sapiens is a common, even if often uncredited, component of indoor positioning research. Despite the increasing number of automatic benchmarking platforms, performance of a positioning system is still typically evaluated by a graduate student with a smartphone in their hand. Powered by the varying levels of motivation, attention and spatial awareness, research assistants gather data while walking along predefined paths or visiting predefined locations. More importantly, however, these people are in charge of establishing the ground truth which has a direct impact on the final evaluation results. In this paper, we look into the widespread tacit assumption that human-based ground truth errors are negligibly small. Using a custom laser-based positioning method with centimeter-level accuracy, we experimentally invalidate the hypothesis of human localization infallibility in a series of 378 measurements with 7 volunteers. In static tests with three types of visual references, we observed human localization errors reaching values of 22 cm (with floor and ceiling markers) and up to 36 cm (with environmental landmarks). Such displacements can easily be the difference between the line-of-sight and radio-shadow locations and thus strongly affect the measured performance of a wireless positioning system. The results of this work outline the limits of human-based indoor positioning performance and highlight the importance of correct implementation and reporting of ground truth methodology in indoor localization research.
Multi-user interference and wireless clock synchronization in TDOA-based UWB localization

Wireless positioning based on IEEE 802.15. 4a has recently gained attention for precise localization. However, the multi-user scalability of those, mostly two-way ranging based, approaches is not considered. Due to the exchange of multiple frames per ranging, two-way ranging has significant downsides in terms of scalability. This paper proposes and validates a novel multi-user time-difference of arrival based localization approach using wireless clock synchronization to overcome the limitations of two-way ranging based positioning. The clock characteristics of the individual nodes are experimentally analyzed and the requirements and constraints for wireless clock synchronization are elaborated based on the experiments. The results show, that a clock synchronization rate of around 1 Hz is sufficient to achieve accuracies in the decimeter range. Experiments analyzing the multi-user capabilities of the system are conducted, highlighting the specific properties of multi-user access in the proposed time-difference of arrival based localization. The experiments show, that the system is capable of scaling gracefully under heavy load. However, clock synchronization suffers as it is degrading equally. Therefore, a novel approach is proposed and evaluated to prioritize the wireless clock synchronization to ensure load independent positioning accuracy. It is shown, that the proposed approach is capable of ensuring a synchronization receive ratio of around 90% independent of the system load.
ATLAS - an open-source TDOA-based Ultra-wideband localization system

IEEE 802.15. 4a Ultra-wideband based wireless positioning has recently gained attention for precise localization. However, the multi-user scalability of those, mostly two-way ranging based, approaches is not considered. Due to the exchange of multiple frames per ranging, two-way ranging has significant downsides in terms of scalability. This paper proposes and validates a novel approach for a multi-user time-difference of arrival based localization system using wireless clock synchronization. The system accuracy is assessed using a complex experiment, covering robotic movement and an optical reference system for comparable results. It is shown, that the accuracies achievable by time-difference of arrival positioning with wireless clock synchronization are comparable to similar two-way ranging based approaches. All raw samples, reference data and processed positions are provided alongside this work.
Blue sheep in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal: habitat use, population biomass and their contribution to the carrying capacity of snow leopards.

The Himalaya region of Nepal provides a habitat for the endangered snow leopard (Panthera uncia) and its principal prey species, the blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur). The aim of this study was to describe the habitat, the distribution and the population structure of blue sheep, and to estimate their contribution to the carrying capacity of snow leopard in the upper Mustang region of Nepal. Blue sheep were recorded at altitudes from 3209-5498 m on slopes with gradients of 16-60° and aspects of 40°NE to 140°SE. A total of 939 blue sheep were counted in the upper Mustang region, and 98 were counted in the Yak Kharka region of Manang district; however, upper Mustang had the lowest population density of blue sheep recorded within their distribution range in Nepal (0.86 blue sheep/km(2)). The results of the study show that a higher density of blue sheep is associated with greater plant species diversity. The most important species present in the blue sheep habitat were Kobresia pygmaea, Artemesia spp. , Lonicera spp. , Lancea tibetica, Poa spp. , Astragalus spp. and Ephedra gerardiana. It is estimated that the existing blue sheep population biomass of approximately 38 925 kg in the upper Mustang region could support approximately 19 snow leopards (1.6 snow leopards/100 km(2)).
SLStudio: Open-source framework for real-time structured light

An open-source framework for real-time structured light is presented. It is called “SLStudio”, and enables real-time capture of metric depth images. The framework is modular, and extensible to support new algorithms for scene encoding/decoding, triangulation, and aquisition hardware. It is the aim that this software makes real-time 3D scene capture more widely accessible and serves as a foundation for new structured light scanners operating in real-time, e.g. 20 depth images per second and more. The use cases for such scanners are plentyfull, however due to the computational constraints, all public implementations so far are limited to offline processing. With “SLStudio”, we are making a platform available which enables researchers from many different fields to build application specific real time 3D scanners. The software is hosted at http://compute.dtu. dk/~jakw/slstudio.
Effect of the closure type on the evolution of the physical-chemical and sensory characteristics of a Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Rosé wine.

The present work studied the effect of the kind of closure (a screw cap, a natural cork, and 2 synthetic closures) on the evolution of the oxygen content and on the physical-chemical and sensory characteristics of a Montepulciano d'Abruzzo rosé wine during the 1st 12 mo of bottle aging. The chemical analyses concerned the parameters more involved in the oxidative reactions (SO(2) , acetaldehyde, phenols, wine color), as well as the main fermentative volatile compounds. The kind of closure influenced the oxygen content in wines, free and total SO(2) concentration, and wine color (color intensity and hue). During bottle aging, free and total SO(2) concentration was significantly and negatively correlated with absorbance at 420 nm (A420), whereas the correlations with A520 were weak. Probably, the limited extent of the variations in red color (A520), when varying SO(2) concentration, were due to the low pH of this rosé wine. No effect of the kind of closure on phenols and the main fermentative volatile compounds was observed. The wines bottled with cork closures (N trials), after 12 mo of storage, had higher color intensity and hue, measured by spectrophotometry, and were visually distinguished from the other trials for the more intense pink reflections. On the whole, under the conditions of this work, all the used closures guaranteed a good preservability to the rosè wines during the 1st year of bottle aging, and the changes in composition did not significantly affect wine sensory characteristics. Therefore, these synthetic closures can represent an alternative to the cork closures for a medium to long term bottle aging of these wines.
ASKA: receptionist robot with speech dialogue system

We implemented a humanoid robot, ASKA, in our university reception desk for the computerized university guidance. ASKA can recognize a user's question utterance, and answer the user's question by its text-to-speech voice, hand gesture and head movement. This paper describes the speech related parts of ASKA. ASKA can deal with a wide task domain of 20k large vocabulary using a word trigram model and an elaborated speaker-independent acoustic model. ASKA can also make a response with keyword and key-phrase detection in the N-best speech recognition results. The word recognition rate for the reception task is 90.9%, and the rate for the out-of-domain task is 78.9%. The correct response rate for the reception task is 61.7%. Users can enjoy their question-answering with ASKA.
Burnout among advanced life support paramedics in Johannesburg, South Africa

Objectives To establish the prevalence of burnout among advanced life support (ALS) paramedics in Johannesburg, South Africa and assess the relationship between burnout and a number of demographic characteristics of the sampled ALS paramedics. Design Cross-sectional internet-based survey. Method Survey invitations were sent via email to 98 registered ALS paramedics in the Johannesburg area. The survey questionnaire was created by combining the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) with numerous distractor questions. Burnout was defined as a CBI score >50. Descriptive analysis was performed and results subjected to Chi-square testing in order to establish dependencies between burnout scores and demographic factors. Results A 46% (n=45) response rate was obtained. Forty responses were eligible for analysis. 30% of these respondents had total burnout according to their CBI score, while 63% exhibited some degree of burnout in one of the CBI subcategories. The results of the subcategory analyses showed that 23% of respondents experienced burnout in the patient care-related category, 38% experienced burnout in the work-related category and 53% experienced burnout in the personal burnout category. There were no statistical differences in the burnout scores according to gender (p=0.292), position held (p=0.193), employment sector (p=0.414), years of experience (p=0.228) or qualification (p=0.846). Distractor questions showed that paramedics feel overworked, undervalued, poorly remunerated and unsupported by their superiors. Conclusion This sample of Johannesburg-based paramedics had a greater prevalence of burnout compared with their international counterparts. Further research is needed to identify the true extent of this problem.
Adapting Tobacco Dependence Group Therapy Treatment for Korean Americans: A Case Report of Pilot Treatment Program

ABSTRACT Tobacco dependence is common among Korean American men and yet, there have been few reports or studies on treating this population. They may have difficulty accessing existing smoking cessation treatment programs because of both language and cultural barriers. This case report describes a clinical tobacco dependence treatment program (the Korean Smoking Cessation Class Program) that was developed specifically for Korean Americans. Supportive group therapy was offered with brief individual counseling along with pharmacotherapy. Twenty-six individuals (25 men and 1 woman) attended, and 19 (73%) completed the 8–week program. Of the completers, 13 (68%) reported abstinence at the end of the program. This case report summarizes the clinicians' perceptions of what worked in this pilot program and suggests helpful strategies for tobacco dependence treatment for this population.
Blockade of endothelial cell protein C receptor augments factor VIIa hemostatic effect in hemophilia treatment.

To the editor: Endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) plays a critical role in downregulating blood coagulation by promoting the activation of anticoagulant protein C by the thrombin:thrombomodulin (TM) complex. [1][1] Recent studies from our laboratory and others showed that prohemostatic
Knowledge extraction from web-based application source code: An approach to database reverse engineering for ontology development

This paper presents a novel approach for extracting knowledge from web-based application source code in supplementing and assisting ontology development from database schemas. The structure of web-based application source code is defined in order to distinguish different kinds of knowledge within the source code for ontology development. The connections between the relevant parts of web application source code and the backend database schema with their various forms are explicitly specified in detail. A knowledge processing and integration model for extracting and integrating the knowledge embedded in the source code for ontology development is then proposed.
Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria

The development of antimicrobial resistance by bacteria is inevitable and is considered as a major problem in the treatment of bacterial infections in the hospital and in the community. Despite efforts to develop new therapeutics that interact with new targets, resistance has been reported even to these agents. In this review, an overview is given of the many therapeutic possibilities that exist for treatment of bacterial infections and how bacteria become resistant to these therapeutics.