Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
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Telerehabilitation systems for stroke survivors have been predom-inantly designed to measure and quantify movement in order to guide and encourage rehabilitation regular exercises at home. We set out to study what aspect of the movement data was essential, to better inform sensor design. We investigated face-to-face stroke rehabilitation sessions through a series of interviews and observations involving 16 stroke rehabilitation specialists including physiatrists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. We found that specialists are not solely interested in movement data, and that experiential information about stroke survivors’ lived experience plays an essential role in specialists interpreting movement data and creating a rehabilitation plan. We argue for a reconceptualization in stroke telerehabilitation that is more inclusive of non-movement data, and present design implications to better account for experiential information in telerehabilitation systems. of informing the design of future stroke telerehabilitation systems, such that patients and specialists can attain the benefits of co-located interaction. What we learned is that the information needed by rehabilitation specialists is not really a detailed understanding of the movement data, but rather a deep understanding of the experiential information , such as the stroke survivor’s emotions and motivations. We show that experiential information is information shared in stroke rehabilitation. Therefore, we posit for a paradigm reconceptualization for telerehabilitation system design, in which telerehabilitation has a focus on communicating the patient’s situated context.
Artificial Intelligence as a Call for Retail Banking: Applying Digital Options Thinking to Artificial Intelligence Adoption

Technology-driven challenges, both existing and emerging, require banks to invest in IT capabilities, especially in artificial intelligence (AI). Digital options theory presents a valuable guide rail for these investments. However, the nature of AI as a moving frontier of computing requires certain extensions to established digital option thinking. Based on interviews with 23 experts in the retail banking industry, we highlight the importance of thinking broadly when laying the foundation for AI options and being mindful of the dynamic effects of contextual factors. Drawing from digital options theory and the Technology-Organization-Environment framework as dual lens, our study adds a structured approach to consciously balance resources and AI-related capability investments with a broader consideration of the banking industry’s complex environment. In this way, our study complements recent research on the interplay between incumbents’ resources and digital opportunities
Image coding using redundant dictionaries

This chapter discusses the problem of coding images using very redundant libraries of waveforms, also referred to as dictionaries. We start with a discussion of the shortcomings of classical approaches based on orthonormal bases. More specifically, we show why these redundant dictionaries provide an interesting alternative for image representation. We then introduce a special dictionary of 2-D primitives called anisotropic refinement atoms that are well suited for representing edge dominated images. Using a simple greedy algorithm, we design an image coder that performs very well at low bit rate. We finally discuss its performance and particular features such as geometric adaptativity and rate scalability.
2 Rule-based expert systems

What is knowledge? Knowledge is a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject or a domain. Knowledge is also the sum of what is currently known, and apparently knowledge is power. Those who possess knowledge are called experts. They are the most powerful and important people in their organisations. Any successful company has at least a few first-class experts and it cannot remain in business without them.
A reduced order model for liquid sloshing in tanks with flexible baffles using boundary element method

In order to study the interaction of sloshing and structural vibrations of baffled tanks, a reduced order model based on modal analysis of structure model and boundary element method for fluids motion is developed. For this purpose, the governing equations of elastic structure and incompressible flow are used to derive simple models to simulate both fields. Using the modal analysis technique, the structural motions are applied to the fluid model and on the other hand by using boundary element method, the fluid loads are applied to the structural model. Based on this formulation, a code is developed which is applicable to an arbitrary elastic tank with arbitrary arrangement of baffles. The obtained results are validated with literature data and then the effects of baffle flexibility on the sloshing frequencies and structural vibration frequencies are investigated. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stacking faults in YBa2Cu3O7−x: Measurement using x-ray diffraction and effects on critical current

The density n of stacking faults (SFs) in epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−x (Y123) films, consisting of extra CuO planes, is measured by fitting x-ray diffraction patterns using a random stacking model. The SF density is n=0.068nm−1 in films grown by metal-organic deposition on textured templates and optimized for high Ic. The presence of SF is correlated with pinning of magnetic field (H) applied in the Y123 ab plane. SF can be nearly eliminated by a high temperature anneal, or by adding excess Dy, resulting in Ic which is nearly independent of the orientation of H.
Physics background at ILC at 500GeV and 1TeV

Measurement of the integrated luminosity at the International Linear Collider (ILC) will be accomplished by counting the rate of small angle Bhabha scattering events. The physics requirements for ILC set the constraint on the relative precision of the luminosity measurement to be of a permille order. The required precision can be achieved by construction of a fine granulated electromagnetic calorimeter of high energy and polar angle resolution and by sufficient experimental control of numerous systematic effects. One of the leading systematic effects in luminosity measurement is the background originating from four-fermion processes, referred to as the physics background. In this paper a possible selection strategy to measure the luminosity is proposed from the perspective of optimal signal to background separation.
Databases, types and the relational model : the third manifesto

Part I PRELIMINARIES Chapter 1 Background and Overview Chapter 2 A Survey of the Relational Model Chapter 3 Toward a Theory of Types Part II FORMAL SPECIFICATIONS Chapter 4 The Third Manifesto Chapter 5 Tutorial D Part III INFORMAL DISCUSSIONS AND EXPLANATIONS Chapter 6 RM Prescriptions Chapter 7 RM Proscriptions Chapter 8 OO Prescriptions Chapter 9 OO Proscriptions Chapter 10 RM Very Strong Suggestions Chapter 11 OO Very Strong Suggestions Part IV SUBTYPING AND INHERITANCE Chapter 12 Preliminaries Chapter 13 The Inheritance Model Chapter 14 Single Inheritance with Scalar Types Chapter 15 Multiple Inheritance with Scalar Types Chapter 16 Inheritance with Tuple and Relation Types APPENDIXES
DUST-CORRECTED COLORS REVEAL BIMODALITY IN THE HOST-GALAXY COLORS OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AT z ∼ 1

Using new, highly accurate photometric redshifts from the MUSYC medium-band survey in the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South (ECDF-S), we fit synthetic stellar population models to compare active galactic nucleus (AGN) host galaxies to inactive galaxies at 0.8 ⩽ z ⩽ 1.2. We find that AGN host galaxies are predominantly massive galaxies on the red sequence and in the green valley of the color–mass diagram. Because both passive and dusty galaxies can appear red in optical colors, we use rest-frame near-infrared colors to separate passively evolving stellar populations from galaxies that are reddened by dust. As with the overall galaxy population, ∼25% of the “red” AGN host galaxies and ∼75% of the “green” AGN host galaxies have colors consistent with young stellar populations reddened by dust. The dust-corrected rest-frame optical colors are the blue colors of star-forming galaxies, which imply that these AGN hosts are not passively aging to the red sequence. At z ∼ 1, AGN activity is roughly evenly split between two modes of black hole growth: the first in passively evolving host galaxies, which may be heating up the galaxy's gas and preventing future episodes of star formation, and the second in dust-reddened young galaxies, which may be ionizing the galaxy's interstellar medium and shutting down star formation.
Correlation of post-vaccination fever with specific antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 booster and no significant influence of antipyretic medication

Background: A SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine booster elicits sufficient antibody responses that protect against COVID-19, whereas adverse reactions such as fever have been commonly reported. Associations between adverse reactions and antibody responses have not been fully characterized, nor has the influence of antipyretic use. Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study in Japan, following our prior investigation of BNT162b2 two-dose primary series. Spike-specific IgG titers were measured for SARS-CoV-2-naive hospital healthcare workers who received a BNT162b2 booster. The severity of solicited adverse reactions, including the highest body temperature, and self-medicated antipyretics were reported daily for seven days following vaccination through a web-based self-reporting diary. Results: The data of 281 healthcare workers were available. Multivariate analysis extracted fever after the booster dose (beta=0.305, p<0.001) as being significantly correlated with the specific IgG titers. The analysis of 164 participants with data from the primary series showed that fever after the second dose was associated with the emergence of fever after the booster dose (relative risk: 3.97 [95% confidence interval: 2.48-6.35]); however, the IgG titers after the booster dose were not affected by fever after the second dose. There were no significant differences in the IgG titers by the use, type, or dosage of antipyretic medication. Conclusions: These results suggest an independent correlation between mRNA vaccine-induced specific IgG levels and post-booster vaccination fever, without any significant influence of fever after the primary series. Antipyretic medications for adverse reactions would not interfere with the elevation of specific IgG titers.
Quasi-periodic oscillations, charge and the gravitomagnetic theory

A new model for the explanation of the high frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in pulsars, black holes and white dwarfs is presented. Three circular tori are assumed to be present around the star: an inner torus with charge $Q_i$, an outer torus with charge $Q_o$ and a torus with electrically neutral mass $m_m$ in the middle, whereas the star bears a charge $Q_s$ ($Q_o$ and $Q_s$ have the same sign, $Q_i$ the opposite one). The frequency $\nu_m$ of the mass current is approximately given by the Kepler frequency, whereas the frequencies of $Q_i$ and $Q_o$, $\nu_i$ and $\nu_o$, respectively, are calculated from classical mechanics and Coulomb's law. For the explanation of the low frequency QPOs in pulsars and black holes a special interpretation of the gravitomagnetic theory may be essential. From the latter theory four new gravitomagnetic precession frequencies are deduced, which may be identified with the observed low frequency QPOs. Predictions of the presented model are compared with observed high frequency and low frequency QPOs of the pulsars SAX J1808.4--3658, XTE J1807--294, IGR J00291+5934, SGR 1806--20 and the black hole XTE J1550--564. In addition, charge flow near the pole of pulsars may explain frequency drift of burst oscillations. Moreover, charge flow at the equator of SAX J1808.4--3658 may be the cause of the enigmatic 410 kHz QPO. Furthermore, the Lense-Thirring frequency is discussed and a modified formula is compared with data of the pulsars. Contrary to pulsars and black holes, the low frequency QPOs of white dwarfs might be attributed to electromagnetic precession frequencies, deduced in this work. Predictions are compared with data of the dwarf nova VW Hyi.
WAVE FIELD CANCELLATION USING WAVE-DOMAIN ADAPTIVE FILTERING

Introduction. Wave field synthesis (WFS) [1] is an attractive and high-quality auralization technique for reproducing or synthesizing sound fields in a listening room using loudspeaker arrays. WFS allows a physically correct reproduction of sound fields and can be used for sound immersion in virtual environments or in multimedia communication environments. In reproduction systems (Fig. 1a), the wave field in the recording environment is first recorded (‘wave field analysis’ (WFA)) with a microphone array and, after storage or transmission, played back in the listening room using WFS. This scenario may require the playback of the wave field of only desired sound sources with the original sound realism while the wave field of undesired sources should not be reproduced. This problem may be resolved by picking up the clean source signals using close-talking microphones or steered arrays of microphones and by measuring the wave propagation in the recording room separately by impulse response measurements [2]. However, if real-time WFA/WFS is required as, e.g., in communication systems, the measurement of the room impulse responses is problematic due to the time variance of the acoustic conditions.
Space-variant post-filtering for wavefront curvature correction in polar-formatted spotlight-mode sar imagery

Wavefront curvature defocus effects occur in spotlight-mode SAR imagery when reconstructed via the well-known polar-formatting algorithm (PFA) under certain imaging scenarios. These include imaging at close range, using a very low radar center frequency, utilizing high resolution, and/or imaging very large scenes. Wavefront curvature effects arise from the unrealistic assumption of strictly planar wavefronts illuminating the imaged scene. This dissertation presents a method for the correction of wavefront curvature defocus effects under these scenarios, concentrating on the generalized, squint-mode imaging scenario and its computational aspects. This correction is accomplished through an efficient one-dimensional, image domain filter applied as a post-processing step to PFA. This post-filter, referred to as SVPF, is precalculated from a theoretical derivation of the wavefront curvature effect and varies as a function of scene location. Prior to SVPF, severe restrictions were placed on the imaged scene size in order to avoid defocus effects under these scenarios when using PFA. The SVPF algorithm eliminates the need for scene size restrictions when wavefront curvature effects are present, correcting for wavefront curvature in broadside as well as squinted collection modes while imposing little additional computational penalty for squinted images. This dissertation covers the theoretical development, implementation and analysis of the generalized, squint-mode SVPF algorithm (of which broadside-mode is a special case) and provides examples of its capabilities and limitations as well as offering guidelines for maximizing its computational efficiency. Tradeoffs between the PFA/SVPF combination and other spotlight-mode SAR image formation techniques are discussed with regard to computational burden, image quality, and imaging geometry constraints. It is demonstrated that other methods fail to exhibit a clear computational advantage over polar-formatting in conjunction with SVPF. This research concludes that PFA in conjunction with SVPF provides a computationally efficient spotlight-mode image formation solution that solves the wavefront curvature problem for most standoff distances and patch sizes, regardless of squint, resolution or radar center frequency. Additional advantages are that SVPF is not iterative and has no dependence on the visual contents of the scene, resulting in a deterministic computational complexity which typically adds only thirty percent to the overall image formation time. * *Originally published in DAI Vol. 60, No. 12. Reprinted here with corrected author name.
The local nature of incompressibility at quantised Hall effect modified by interactions

Since the experimental realisation of the integer quantised Hall effect in a two dimensional electron system subject to strong perpendicular magnetic fields in 1980, a central question has been the interrelation between the conductance quantisation and the topological properties of the system. It is conjectured that if the electron system is described by a Bloch hamiltonian, then the system is insulating in the bulk of the sample throughout the quantised Hall plateau due to magnetic field induced energy gap. Meanwhile, the system is conducting at the edges resembling a 2+1 dimensional topological insulator without the time-reversal symmetry. However, the validity of this conjecture remains unclear for finite size, non-periodically bounded real Hall bar devices. Here we show experimentally that the close relationship proposed between the quantised Hall effect and the topological bulk insulator is prone to break for specific magnetic field intervals within the plateau evidenced by our magneto-transport measurements performed on GaAs/AlGaAs high purity Hall bars with two inner contacts embedded to bulk. Our data presents a similar behaviour also for fractional states, in particular for 2/3, 3/5 and 4/3.
Algebraic optimization of outerjoin queries

The purpose of this thesis is to extend join optimization techniques to queries that contain both joins and outerjoins. The benefits of query optimization are thus extended to a number of important database applications, such as federated databases, nested queries, and hierarchical views, for which outerjoin is a key component. Previous work on outerjoin optimization has produced only partial results. Query optimization techniques are based on algebraic properties of relational operators, which are significantly harder to identify, prove, and apply for outerjoins than for joins. New and more general supporting structures are necessary to understand the processing of outerjoin queries. Our analysis of join/outerjoin queries is done in two parts. First, we investigate the interaction of outerjoin with other relational operators, to find simplification rules and associativity identities. Our approach is comprehensive and includes, as special cases, some outerjoin optimization heuristics that have appeared in the literature. Second, we abstract the notion of feasible evaluation order for binary, join-like operators, considering associativity rules but not specific operator semantics. Combining these two parts, we show that a join/outerjoin query can be evaluated by combining relations in any given order--just as it is done on join queries, except that now we need to synthesize an operator to use at each step, rather than using always join. The purpose of changing the order of processing of relations is to reduce the size of intermediate results. Our theoretical results are converted into algorithms compatible with the architecture of conventional database optimizers. For optimizers that repeatedly transform feasible strategies, the outerjoin identities we have identified can be applied directly. Those identities are sufficient to obtain all possible orders of processing. For optimizers that generate join programs bottom-up, we give a rule to determine the operators to use at each step. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
Robust Methods for Analysing Quantitative Trait Loci

The advent of new technology for extracting genetic information from tissue samples has increased the availability of suitable data for finding genes controlling complex traits in plants, animals and humans. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis relies on statistical methods to interpret genetic data in the presence of phenotype data and possibly other factors such as environmental factors. The goal is to both detect the presence of QTL with significant effects on trait value as well as to estimate their locations on the genome relative to those of known markers. This thesis reviews commonly used statistical techniques for QTL mapping in experimental populations. Regression and likelihood methods are discussed. The mixture-modelling approach to QTL mapping is explored in some detail. This thesis presents new matrix formulas for exact and convenient calculation of both the Observed and Fisher information matrices in the context of Multinomial mixtures of Univariate Normal distributions. An extension to Composite Interval mapping is proposed, together with a hypothesis testing strategy which is robust enough to de- tect existing QTL in the presence of slight deviations from model assumptions while reducing false detections.
Counting on Guanxi when Transacting Millions? Hybrid Guanxi and the Beauty of Bricolage

This paper presents a new type of guanxi: hybrid guanxi. We study the informal market in China’s Commercial Paper market, where there is no official infrastructure for online paper transactions. We conducted 33 interviews, a two-month observation, and collected a set of screenshots, to understand how informal financiers trade papers online. We discovered that these actors perform network and technology bricolage, which cultivate and maintain hybrid guanxi through computer-mediated technologies, offline interactions, and transitive ties. Our work enriches the literature of guanxi. Unlike a large body of literature, our work does not assume two prerequisites for online transactions: 1) the existence of transactional infrastructure is prior to the occurrence of transactions, 2) such infrastructure safeguards economic exchanges. Thus, hybrid guanxi offers a lens to understand how social relations purely support economic transactions in the digital era, which is prevalent in both developing and underdeveloped countries.
J-Holomorphic Curves and Symplectic Topology

The theory of $J$-holomorphic curves has been of great importance since its introduction by Gromov in 1985. In mathematics, its applications include many key results in symplectic topology. It was also one of the main inspirations for the creation of Floer homology. In mathematical physics, it provides a natural context in which to define Gromov-Witten invariants and quantum cohomology, two important ingredients of the mirror symmetry conjecture. The main goal of this book is to establish the fundamental theorems of the subject in full and rigourous detail. In particular, the book contains complete proofs of Gromov's compactness theorem for spheres, of the gluing theorem for spheres, and of the associatively of quantum multiplication in the semipositive case. The book can also serve as an introduction to current work in symplectic topology: there are two long chapters on applications, one concentrating on classical results in symplectic topology and the other concerned with quantum cohomology. The last chapter sketches some recent developments in Floer theory. The five appendices of the book provide necessary background related to the classical theory of linear elliptic operators, Fredholm theory, Sobolev spaces, as well as a discussion of the moduli space of genus zero stable curves and a proof of the positivity of intersections of $J$-holomorphic curves in four-dimensional manifolds. The second edition clarifies various arguments, corrects several mistakes in the first edition, includes some additional results in Chapter 10 and Appendices C and D, and updates the references to recent developments.