Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Training effect on performance of mediolateral episiotomies for obstetricians and midwives

Background: Simulation as an extensive used method for obstetric education is usually practiced for beginners, here we offered a course with simulated practice of performing a mediolateral episiotomy (MLE) for obstetricians and midwives in different seniority, and to evaluate the training effect on their knowledge and accuracy of cutting a MLE before and after the course.Methods: 82 participants were recruited at three different obstetric centers, included 35 obstetricians and 47 midwives. More than 5 years obstetric work in their careers were deemed to senior ones, and there were 29 junior and 53 senior ones. A 30 minutes training course were given to all participants by one senior obstetrician. Special paper pads simulating perineum at crowning were used to cut MLE before and after the course, and a questionnaire about their occupation characteristics was given before the course. Three parameters of the MLE were analyzed and compared. Results: On performing MLE, midwives had more training history and conducted cases than obstetricians (p < 0.01). After the course, the mean values of three parameters were significantly increased from 31.46 mm in length, 48 degrees in angle and 9.09 mm in distance to 34.29 mm, 50.622 degrees and 10.82 mm respectively. In subgroups, obstetricians had angle degrees increased significantly (p =0.022), while midwives had the length and distance increased significantly (p=0.001, p=0.004). Senior participants had the length and distance of incisions increased significantly (P=0.008, P=0.020), the accuracy of these two parameters also improved significantly (P=0.002, P=0.034). In subgroups of midwives and seniors, the accuracy of the length and distance also improved significantly after the course.Conclusions: Obstetricians need more professional training about midwifery including episiotomy. Simulated training of this mode is suitable for obstetric education like performing MLE. The absence of senior obstetricians and midwives should be avoided in such medical education.
Design for Sustainability Transformations: A Deep Leverage Points Research Agenda for the (Post-)Pandemic Context

This position paper presents a prototype research agenda for design for sustainability transformations (DfST) in the (post-)pandemic context. COVID-19 has made visible vulnerabilities, structural dysfunctions, inequalities and injustices across health, environmental, social, economic, provisional and political systems. In response to the crisis, rapid, adaptive, technological and social innovations have started to emerge across all levels of society, opening up a multiplicity of alternative futures. This is an opportune time to address long-standing and urgent sustainability challenges in ways that move beyond the ineffective and business-as-usual approaches of ecological modernism. The authors used a co-creative process to identify weak signals relevant to sustainability transformations. In alignment with the deep leverage points framework, the identified weak signals are presented under two main headings: first, social structures and institutions; and second, values, goals and worldviews. The deep leverage points form the basis of a research agenda on how DfST could contribute to sustainability transformations right now and in the longer-term.
Discussion on rationality of administration of Angong Niuhuang Pills from pharmacological and toxicological perspectives

Background: Investigate the different treatment course of ANP from pharmacology and toxicology to provide scientific basis for clinic use. Method: In pharmacology study, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was made; rats were divided into six groups, Sham, model, aspirin 25 mg/kg, ANP 270 mg/kg (1 day, 4 days and 7 days) groups. Rats were fed for 30 days. Neurological function, cerebral infraction volume, brain histopathology, cytokines were detected; in toxicology study, rats were divided into four groups, normal control, ANP (550, 1640, 4910 mg/kg) group. ANP was daily administered by gavage for 30 days. Detection indicators included appearance, behavior, excrement character, food-intake, body weight, hematological parameters, etc. In addition, biomarkers such as TBA, GSTα, Cystatin C, clusterin, GSH, S-100B and MBP were also detected. Result: In pharmacology study, compared with model group, the neurological function scores of ANP 270mg/kg (1 day, 4 days and 7 days) were decreased (P<0.11 or P<0.05); the volume of ANP 270mg/kg (1 day and 7 days) were decreased (P<0.05); the R value of ANP 270mg/kg (1 day, 4 days and 7 days) groups were decreased (P<0.11 or P<0.05); the serum content of IL-1β, TNFα and NO of ANP 270 mg/kg(1 day, 4 days and 7 days) groups were decreased (P< 0.05); the brain content of IL-1β and NO of ANP 270 mg/kg(1 day, 4 days and 7 days) groups were decreased (P<0.05). In toxicology study, no mortality, ophthalmic abnormalities were identified. Compared with normal control group, body weights were significantly lower in ANP 4910 mg/kg group; TBA was significantly increased in ANP 4910mg/kg group; liver organ coefficient of female rats of ANP 4910 mg/kg group was increased (P < 0.05); kidney organ coefficient of male rats of ANP 1640mg/kg, 4910 mg/kg groups were increased (P < 0.05), these all recovered after drug withdraw for 8 weeks. Conclusion: The effect of ANP 270 mg/kg (7 days) was much better than ANP (1 day and 4 days). ANP 550mg/kg is non toxicity dose. So, ANP is taken one pill peer day for 7 days is safety and effective, it can be used as the scientific basis for clinic use.
Relationship between Traumatic Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Flood Victims: Roles of Fear and Self-Disclosure

Background: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prevalent psychopathologies experienced by victims following natural disasters. The severity of traumatic experience may be a critical risk factor for the development of PTSD. Nevertheless, other factors may also lead to PTSD. We propose that fear and self-disclosure could be two important factors. Previous studies have examined their unique roles in PTSD, but their combined role in PTSD has been rarely assessed. To fill this gap, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between severity of traumatic exposure, fear, self-disclosure, and PTSD among victims following flood disaster. Methods: one hundred ninety-nine participants completed self-report questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were obtained using SPSS 17.0 and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to obtain correlations between major variables. Results: results indicated that severity of traumatic exposure not only had a direct effect on PTSD, but also it had an indirect effect on PTSD via activating victims’ fear. Moreover, self-disclosure played a buffering role between fear and PTSD. However, the role of fear in PTSD may decrease with increases in levels of self-disclosure. Conclusions: Traumatic exposure had positive predictive effects for PTSD and fear. Self-disclosure had negative predictive effects for PTSD. Fear played a mediating role between severity of traumatic exposure and PTSD, self-disclosure played a moderating role in the relationship between fear and PTSD. Psychological interventions should focus on the regulation of fear and improvement of self-disclosure following traumatic exposure.
Phytochemical studies and antioxidant activities of artocarpus scortechinii king

Six known compounds identified as 4',5-dihydroxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-2'-methoxy-8-γ,γ-dimethylallyflavone (1), cudraflavone A (2), artocarpin (3), cycloartobiloxanthone (4), artonin E (5) and oxyresveratrol (6) were isolated from the stem barks of Artocapus scortechinii King. Another four compounds namely macakurzin C (7), flemichapparin A (8), luteolin (9) and apigenin (10) were isolated from the leaves. Structures of all pure compounds were elucidated spectroscopically using 1D NMR (1H,13C, DEPT), 2D NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC), MS and FTIR, as well as by comparison with literature data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assays. Luteolin (9) showed the best ability to act as DPPH free radical scavenger with IC50 value of 9.51 µM. Luteolin (9) also exhibited the strongest scavenger and potent ferric ion reducer compared to other isolated compounds in the ABTS and FRAP assays with IC50 value of 124. 4µM and 4.07 ± 0.180 mM FRAP equivalent respectively.
SEC Approach for Detecting Node Replication Attacks in Static Wireless Sensor Networks

– Security is more important in many sensor applications. The node replication attack is a major issue on sensor networks. The replicated node can capture all node details. Node Replication attacks use its secret cryptographic key to successfully produce the networks with clone nodes and also it creates duplicate nodes to build up various attacks. The replication attacks will affect in routing, more energy consumption, packet loss, misbehavior detection, etc. In this paper, a Secure-Efficient Centralized approach is proposed for detecting a Node Replication Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks for Static Networks. The proposed system easily detects the replication attacks in an effective manner. In this approach Secure Cluster Election is used to prevent from node replication attack and Secure Efficient Centralized Approach is used to detect if any replicated node present in the network. When comparing with the existing approach the detection ratio, energy consumption performs better.
Noirs de carbone au four : mécanismes de formation des particules

Le premier objectif etait d'isoler et d'identifier les composants chimiques qui constituent les especes chimiques de caractere precurseur au cours du procede de production au four de noir de carbone a partir de residus de craquage catalytique. Le deuxieme consistait a caracteriser les substances carbonees de caracteres precurseurs parmicroscopie electronique en transmission a haute resolution (HRTEM)
A Modified Method for the Determination of Acylated Anthocyanins in Purple-fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L).) Tubers by High-performance Liquid Chromatography with Visible Absorption

This paper described a modified HPLC method for the determination of eight acylated anthocyanins in purplefleshed sweet potato tuber samples, including lyophilized powder and concentrated juice. Recoveries determined for two materials spiked with anthocyanin levels of 71 μg g _1 to 8.8 mg g _1 ranges 91.8 ‒ 105.0%. For repeatability, the relative standard deviation and intermediate precision ranged from 0.8% to 5.0% and 1.9% to 8.2%, respectively. HorRat values ranged from 0.3 to 1.0, except for YGM-1a and YGM-1b in two samples, which were well within the limits of performance acceptability. The proposed method showed good intralaboratory reproducibility in the range from 0.10 ± 0.0027 (mean ± expanded measurement uncertainty, k = 2) to 0.51 ± 0.016, 0.10 ± 0.0084 to 0.21 ± 0.011, 0.40 ± 0.017 to 4.5 ± 0.12, 0.21 ± 0.0066 to 0.96 ± 0.021, 0.23 ± 0.014 to 0.57 ± 0.026, 0.15 ± 0.0087 to 1.3 ± 0.040, 0.94 ± 0.021 to 6.5 ± 0.19, and 0.63 ± 0.016 to 2.4 ± 0.061 mg g _1 for YGM-1a, YGM-1b, YGM-2, YGM-3, YGM-4b, YGM5a, YGM-5b, and YGM-6, respectively.
Regional migration, entrepreneurship and university alumni

ABSTRACT How does the migration of university graduates from rural to urban areas impact entrepreneurial performance? We propose that rural-to-urban migrants found larger firms than urban entrepreneurs because migrants are less risk averse, and the migration process further reduces risk aversion. Also, we propose that rural-to-urban migrants found larger firms than rural entrepreneurs because urban areas provide better entrepreneurial opportunities and resources to create larger firms. To test our hypotheses empirically, we conducted an alumni survey and analysed 283 entrepreneurs who were admitted from various locations in China to Tsinghua University in Beijing, and then went to rural areas or urban areas upon graduation. We find that alumni entrepreneurs who migrated from rural to urban areas are more likely to found firms in the top quantile of firm size. This study provides implications for designing regional policies that facilitate labour mobility from rural to urban areas.
Synthesis and characterization of thermally stable and flame retardant hexakis(4-aminophenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene-based polyimide matrices

ABSTRACT A new approach to the preparation of hexakis(4-aminophenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene (HACTP) based polyimide (PI) matrices is proposed, for improved thermal and flame retardant properties. HACTP was synthesized with good yield. The structure of HACTP was confirmed by various characterization techniques, such as FTIR, NMR, and mass Spectroscopy. Polyimide matrices were prepared by thermal imidization process using HACTP and dianhydrides using N-methyl pyrrolidone as a solvent. The successful formation of HACTP-based polyimide matrices was confirmed by the FTIR. Thermal properties of the PI were analyzed using DSC and TGA techniques. Data obtained from the thermal studies indicate that the HACTP-based PI possesses better thermal and flame retardant properties.
Association of rs3746444 in MiRNA-499 and rs3787016 in Long Non-coding RNAs POLR2E with Prostate Cancer: an updated meta-analysis and systematic review

Background It has been proved that a significant proportion of prostate cancer diagnoses may be associated with a strong hereditary component. Micro-RNAs and Long Non-coding RNAs are a group of a noncoding small molecule, which play critical roles in signalling pathways, metabolism, apoptosis and cancer development. Exercising a meta-analysis to examine the relationship between rs3746444, rs3787016 and prostate cancer (PCa) risk was the main objective of our study. Results 10 case-control studies were included, while 6 on rs3787016 and 4 on rs3746444. On the whole, the genotypes carrying the T allele, in which were verified an increased risk between rs3787016 and PCa risk. ( T vs C: odds ratio(OR) = 1.802, 95% CI 1.015–3.198, P value of heterogeneity(PH) = 0.00%; CT vs CC: OR = 1.179,95% CI 1.091–1.275, PH = 0.41; TT vs CC: . OR = 1.418, 95% CI 1.229–1.636, PH= 0.961; TT + CT vs CC: OR = 1.216, 95% CI 1.129–1.310, PH= 0.408; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.328, 95%CI 1.159–1.521, PH = 0.987). A vital relevance was performed by this meta-analysis in three models between rs3746444 and PCa risk, in which a tendency of increased PCa risk could be found (C vs T: OR = 1.197, 95% CI 1.035–1.384, PH= 0.837; CC vs TT: OR = 1. 137, 95% CI 0.813–1.590, PH = 0.392; CC + CT vs TT: OR = 1.426, 95% CI 1.166–1.743, PH= 0.406.). Conclusion Our findings proposed that rs3746444 in MiRNA-499 and rs3787016 in Long Non-coding RNAs POLR2E polymorphisms increased the risk of developing PCa. Further functional studies are warranted to reveal the role of the polymorphism in carcinogenesis.
Correlation between Geometrically Induced Oxygen Octahedral Tilts and Multiferroic Behaviors in BiFeO3 Films

The equilibrium position of atoms in a unit cell is directly connected to crystal functionalities, e.g., ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, and piezoelectricity. The artificial tuning of the energy landscape can involve repositioning atoms as well as manipulating the functionalities of perovskites (ABO3), which are good model systems to test this legacy. Mechanical energy from external sources accommodating various clamping substrates is utilized to perturb the energy state of perovskite materials fabricated on the substrates and consequently change their functionalities; however, this approach yields undesired complex behaviors of perovskite crystals, such as lattice distortion, displacement of B atoms, and/or tilting of oxygen octahedra. Owing to complimentary collaborations between experimental and theoretical studies, the effects of both lattice distortion and displacement of B atoms are well understood so far, which leaves us a simple question: Can we exclusively control the positions of oxygen atoms in perovskites for functionality manipulation? Here the artificial manipulation of oxygen octahedral tilt angles within multiferroic BiFeO3 thin films using strong oxygen octahedral coupling with bottom SrRuO3 layers is reported, which opens up new possibilities of oxygen octahedral engineering.
Biphasic whole-cell synthesis of R -2-octanol with recycling of the ionic liquid

Whole-cell biocatalysis in biphasic systems permits the synthesis of inhibiting chiral alcohols if appropriate non-water miscible ionic liquids are used. Taking the asymmetric reduction of 2-octanone to R -2-octanol by a recombinant Escherichia coli as a model reaction, a detailed characterisation of the biocatalytic reaction was performed with [HMPL][NTF] as ionic liquid. This made the asymmetric synthesis of R-2-octanol in a simple batch at a conversion > 99 % and at an enantiomeric excess > 99.5 % possible. The recyclability of the ionic liquid over a large number of cycles including the biotransformation, the separation of the ionic liquid, the product isolation, as well as the solvent’s subsequent reuse is of large importance for industrial applications. It could be demonstrated for the first time that the ionic liquid was recyclable over at least 25 process cycles without any consequences on the batch biotransformation.
Induction of callus in Cassia mimosoides

In this study, the young leaves of Cassia mimosoides were used as explants. On the basis of 1/2 MS +2.0 mg/L 6-BA +0.5 mg/L NAA medium, we observed the effect of adding different factors on the callus induction of C. mimosoides. The results shown that after 20 days of callus induction, it was found that the addition of 150 mg/L vitamin C (VC) did not affect the induction efficiency, but the growth of callus became slower; and when the concentration was higher than 150 mg/L, the formation of callus would be inhibited. The induction of callus would be restrained while adding different concentrations of Cu2+ into mediums. Moreover, glutamine (Gln) had little effect on the induction of callus. Furthermore, the addition of hydrolyzed casein (CH) would not affect the formation of callus, but the high concentration of CH could affect the growth status of callus. The induction efficiency of callus was severely inhibited by exogenous addition of silver nitrate (AgNO3), and the growth status of callus was poor, and the phenomenons of early rooting had happened at the same time. The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for the subsequent optimization of bud proliferation and rooting in C. mimosoides.
The Correlation of Internet Addiction and Interpersonal Relationship: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Internet addiction has become a very serious social phenomenon. With the popularity of the internet, more and more people are addicted to the virtual network and ignore the real interpersonal communication. This has a lot of adverse effects on the healthy growth of teenagers. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis will access the problems existing in the interpersonal relationship of internet addiction and clarify the correlation between internet addiction and interpersonal disturbance.Method: We will search the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wan Fang and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP). All observational studies will be included. Study quality will be assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We will use Review Manager 5.3 software for bias risk assessment and data synthesis. We will assess the between-study heterogeneity using I2 statistics. Discussion: We will synthesize the existing research to evaluate the correlation between internet addiction and interpersonal relationship of adolescents. This review will provide new ideas for the further intervention of Internet addiction to some extent.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews: CRD42020177294
Unique Role of Refractory Ta Alloying in Enhancing the Figure of Merit of NbFeSb Thermoelectric Materials

NbFeSb‐based half‐Heusler alloys have been recently identified as promising high‐temperature thermoelectric materials with a figure of merit zT > 1, but their thermal conductivity is still relatively high. Alloying Ta at the Nb site would be highly desirable because the large mass fluctuation between them could effectively scatter phonons and reduce the lattice thermal conductivity. However, practically it is a great challenge due to the high melting point of refractory Ta. Here, the successful synthesis of Ta‐alloyed (Nb1−xTax)0.8Ti0. 2FeSb (x = 0 – 0.4) solid solutions with significantly reduced thermal conductivity by levitation melting is reported. Because of the similar atomic sizes and chemistry of Nb and Ta, the solid solutions exhibit almost unaltered electrical properties. As a result, an overall zT enhancement from 300 to 1200 K is realized in the single‐phase Ta‐alloyed solid solutions, and the compounds with x = 0.36 and 0.4 reach a maximum zT of 1.6 at 1200 K. This work also highlights that the isoelectronic substitution by atoms with similar size and chemical nature but large mass difference should reduce the lattice thermal conductivity but maintain good electrical properties in thermoelectric materials, which can be a guide for optimizing the figure of merit by alloying.
Transmissible plasma-evolved suspended graphene near room temperature

Top-down and bottom-up approaches are widely adopted to synthesize graphene from different carbon sources with the help of catalysts. The chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of carbon feedstock onto a catalyst surface, carbon species that are excited by a plasma, and high-energy laser irradiation of carbon surfaces are important methods for graphene production. However, for most techniques, high processing temperatures and time-consuming transfer and chemical treatment processes are essential to produce graphene for subsequent applications; therefore, a simple and straightforward alternative process is highly desirable. Here, we report a simple technique to produce suspended graphene with a short processing time and low temperature by employing a pulsed arc plasma. The catalytically active metal plasma is revealed to be transmissible through a suspended amorphous carbon (a-C) membrane, and the a-C evolves into highly graphitized C (sp2-C). The produced sp2-C is referred to as transmissible plasma-evolved graphene (TPEG). In this process, a pulsed arc plasma is generated from negatively biased metal electrodes, where each pulse lasts a fraction of a second, and the catalytic activity of the plasma is tuned by both the applied bias voltage and the number of pulses (not more than 10). Furthermore, TPEG with nanoparticles (NPs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are successfully produced by employing a dual pulsed arc plasma source, indicating that TPEG could be utilized for the characterization of zero-dimensional (0D) and one-dimensional (1D) materials, such as graphene synthesized by CVD. It is very surprising that even a-C on a polymer support is successfully transformed into graphene by the TPEG technique without sacrificing the polymer support, which confirmed that TPEG is formed near room temperature.