Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neutron radiography study of water spontaneous imbibition in unsaturated sandstone

The spontaneous imbibition of water in variable saturated porous media is a common phenomenon in various geotechnical applications. The relationship between the traveled distance of wetting front and imbibition time can be characterized by the sorptivity however, few researches have been carried out to investigate the sorptivity model in the spontaneous imbibition process. In this paper, based on the fractal dimension of pore mass and the formula of total flow rate of cross section of medium without considering gravity, a model was derived to calculate the sorptivity of sandstone. To validate the model, quantitative data on the imbibition of water in the matrix of unsaturated sandstone were obtained by neutron radiography a powerful imaging tool to research the dynamic water imbibition behaviour in rocks. The consequences display that there is the obvious linear relation between the traveled distance of wetting front and the square root of imbibition time in four monitoring lines and the linear coefficient is regarded as the experimental value of the sorptivity. Compared the mean of the experimental value, the theoretical value computed by the sorptivity model can reflect the experimental value to a large extent and, thus the sorptivity model can be applied to estimate the sorptivity of sandstone in the process of spontaneous imbibition.
, MSc accuracy of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for Depicting Breast cancer subgroups in a UK retrospective reading study ( TOMMY Trial ) 1

Radiology: Volume 000: Number 0—   2016 n radiology.rsna. org 1 1 From the Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England (F.J.G., L.T., P.W.); Department of Radiology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland (M.G.C.G.); Jarvis Breast Centre, Guildford, England (J.C.); North East Scotland Breast Screening Centre, Aberdeen, Scotland (K.A.D.); Department of Radiology, King’s College Hospital, London, England (M.J.M.); West of Scotland Breast Screening Service, Glasgow, Scotland (H.M.D.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester, England (Y.Y.L.); Department of Radiology, St Batholomew’s Hospital, London, England (T.S.); Department of Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, England (S.M.A.); East Anglian Regional Radiation Protection Service, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, England (O.M.); National Coordinating Centre for Physics of Mammography, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, England (K.C.Y.); and Centre for Cancer Prevention, Queen Mary University of London, London, England (S.W.D.). From the 2013 RSNA Annual Meeting. Received November 4, 2014; revision requested December 13; revision received March 10, 2015; accepted March 20; final version accepted May 1. The TOMMY Trial (a comparison of digital breast tomosynthesis with mammography in the UK Breast Screening Programme) was supported by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme. Address correspondence to F.J.G. (e-mail: fjg28@medschl.cam.ac.uk).
Enhancing Pain Assessment in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease by Applying Quality Improvement Science.

Objective Standardized pain assessment and interventions are recommended for youth hospitalized for pain. This quality improvement (QI) project integrated into a pediatric psychology service aimed to increase the standardized assessment of pain-related functional ability for youth with sickle cell disease (SCD) hospitalized for pain. Methods Children and adolescents (n=102) with SCD referred for psychology consultation for poor coping in response to pain during hospitalization completed a validated self-report of functional ability in addition to pain intensity during inpatient psychology visits. At the time of the quality initiative, routine and standardized assessment of pain-related functional ability was not integrated into standard clinical care. Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycles determined the feasibility and addressed common barriers of routine assessment and documentation of pain-related functional ability among youth with SCD during inpatient psychology visits with the primary goal to increase assessment of functional ability to at least 85% among patients with SCD referred for pediatric psychology consultation to address pain management within 1 year. Results Through iterative PDSA cycles, routine assessment of pain-related functional ability during psychology visits increased to an average of 93% over the course of 12 months. Routine, standardized assessment of functional ability was considered feasible within a pediatric psychology service. Conclusions/Lessons Learned This project supported the feasibility of integrating standardized assessment of functional ability to enhance pain assessment for youth hospitalized for SCD pain as part of routine clinical care in a multidisciplinary setting regardless of psychology referral.
研究開発費の会計処理と Value Relevance

The aim of this paper is to discuss how to interpret the value relevance, and classify the value relevance studies. According to Francis and Schipper ［1999］ , we can interpret the value relevance as four types, which are fundamental analysis interpretation, valuation model interpretation, information content interpretation, and correlation between prices （ or long term returns ） and accounting numbers interpretation. On the other hand, Holthausen and Watts ［2001］ shows that we can classify the value relevance studies for accounting standards setting into three types, which are relative association studies, incremental association studies, and marginal information content studies. I discuss relationship between the interpretation and the classiﬁcation, and then conclude that the interpretations of value relevance in the accounting standards setting literatures can be different from those in the non-accounting standards setting literatures. So, we need to understand the differences among them in analyzing the value relevance of accounting information and reviewing the previous value relevance studies.
Translated in Translation Studies

The current article aims to test conceptual borders and explanatory potential of intralingual translation. It takes up from the findings of the author’s previous research questioning differing approaches toward intralingual translation published in a single multiauthor volume showcasing Translation Studies research in Turkey. For the aims of the current research, Yasemin Alptekin’s recent article in the same volume entitled “John Dewey’s 1924 Report on Turkish Education: Progressive Education Translated out of Existence” has been examined as a case of intralingual translation into Translation Studies. This article is identified as a revised version of Alptekin’s another article published in the field of education with the title “Can Progressive Education Be Translated into a Progressive Idea? : Dewey’s Report on Turkish Education (1924)”. In a target-oriented framework, transfer mechanisms between the two scientific fields have been scrutinized. The study approaches Alptekin’s case as part of a translation system established within Translation Studies. By contextualizing her activity, possible patterns of strategies are explored, and it is hoped that the process of planning in which the revision was carried out can be understood. In this regard, the research hypothesizes that Translation Studies can illuminate revision as a translational activity with its own tools. It further proposes that scientific writing is not immune to manipulations of translation in the application of theories and highlights strong scientific reasoning against potential pitfalls.
Challenges in the Archives of the Afrikaans Language Museum, Paarl, Western Cape, South Africa: a Case Study

All archives, irrespective of size, have their challenges. The archival collection of the unique Afrikaans Language Museum, grew over 43 years and has its fair share of challenges. The archival project commenced in late 2017 and was completed by the middle of 2018. This article illustrates how it commenced, progressed, the decisions taken and evaluating the project after completion. To understand the nature and scope of the work it is necessary to understand the founding history of the museum as this constitutes a large part of the collection. Over a period of time, many curators worked on the collection with varying results. Challenges included the following: the nature of the records, non-current administrative records vs archival collections, original documents vs copies, physical condition, respect des fonds, the problematic retrieval system and evaluation of the current database, identification of unknown material, sorting and arrangement, compilation of finding aids, questions around the handling of photographs, drawings, publications and oversized material. Policies and procedures received attention. The ever present issues of time and budget constraints had to be dealt with.
Appropriating “Big Data”: Exploring the Emancipatory Potential of the Data Strategies of Civil Society Organizations in Cape Town, South Africa

The smart city strategies of municipalities in South Africa have been grounded in developmentalism, seeking to harness the power of technology to enable improved governance. Cities such as Durban and Cape Town have embraced infrastructure-led approaches that seek to use state-mediated broadband “backbone” development to enable last-mile ICT access to marginalized communities. With the advent of big data, the range of actors in the ICT-local government terrain has broadened to include partnerships with IT-multinationals and management consultants to streamline municipal bureaucratic procedures, enable data processing, and contribute to greater efficiency. An important driver is the increasingly urgent need to accelerate the delivery of essential services while also encouraging investment and development through greater efficacy (e.g., in processing development applications). A “dashboard urbanism” is becoming evident that fits well with the system of indicators and performance monitoring that is embedded in the managerial South Africa’s local government system. The danger of an overreliance on these quantitative aspects is that it may perpetuate divides in what is considered to be one of the most unequal cities in the world. Based on exploratory research, this chapter explores strategies used by civil society organizations to challenge the assumptions of “dashboard urbanism” and contribute a more rounded appropriation of big data and a deepened and contextualized urban experience.
Red yeast (Phaffia rhodozyma) as a source of Astaxanthin and its impacts on productive performance and physiological responses of poultry

The red yeast Phaffia rhodozyma is considered as a useful source of astaxanthin (ASX) which is a carotenoid pigment widely used in the feed industry. Poultry cannot synthesise carotenoids, so they must obtain these pigments from diet supplementation with sources such as red yeast, as a source of ASX. Astaxanthin has health benefits including the protection against oxidative damage in cells, enhancement of the immune response and protection against diseases by scavenging oxygen free radicals. It has activities approximately 10 times stronger than that of other carotenoids and 100 times greater than α-tocopherol against reactive oxygen species. In recent years, Phaffia rhodozyma has become an important microorganism for its use in both the pharmaceutical industries and food. Dietary Phaffia rhodozyma addition at the level of 10 and 20 mg/kg in broiler diets positively increased weight gain by 4.12 and 6.41% respectively. The inclusion of ASX rich red yeast (100 mg/kg) in broiler diets for 14 days improved T-cell proliferation and IgG production by 111.1 and 34.6% respectively. However, the optimum level or feeding duration of dietary ASX rich red yeast addition for enhancing poultry productive, physiological and immunological responses has not been determined.
Centromere-proximal meiotic crossovers in Drosophila melanogaster are suppressed by both highly-repetitive heterochromatin and the centromere effect

Crossovers are essential in meiosis of most organisms to ensure the proper segregation of chromosomes. The lack or improper placement of crossovers can result in nondisjunction and aneuploidy in progeny. Crossovers near the centromere can cause nondisjunction; centromere-proximal crossovers are suppressed by what is termed the centromere effect, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, we investigate contributions to centromere-proximal crossover suppression in Drosophila melanogaster. We mapped a large number of centromere-proximal crossovers and find that crossovers are essentially absent from the highly-repetitive (HR)-heterochromatin surrounding the centromere but occur at a low frequency within the less-repetitive (LR)-heterochromatic region and adjacent euchromatin. Previous research suggested that flies that lack the Bloom syndrome helicase (Blm) lose meiotic of crossover patterning, including the centromere effect. Mapping of centromere-proximal crossovers in Blm mutants reveals that the suppression within the HR-heterochromatin is intact, but the centromere effect is lost. We conclude that centromere-proximal crossovers are suppressed by two separable mechanisms: the HR-heterochromatin effect, which completely suppresses crossovers in the HR-heterochromatin, and the centromere effect, which suppresses crossovers with a dissipating effect with distance from the centromere.
Using Business Entrepreneurship Practices to Engage Middle School Students in STEM Learning: Three Years' Perspective

STEM-Inc is a 3-year NSF ITEST project designed as an after-school program targeting 7th and 8th grade students from traditionally underrepresented groups. This project created a simulated technology business ‘incubator’ in an afterschool program for middle school students at the Anaheim Union High School District in California. Its goal is to make middle school students and their parents aware of STEM career paths in addition to engage and attract the students to STEM fields and careers. To this end, the project focuses on getting the students involved in group activities to develop solutions for real-world problems that involve Engineering, Computer Science and Business concepts. Toward this goal, business entrepreneurship practices, including the traditional new-venture creation approach and the emerging Lean startup approach, have been applied to stimulate and engage students in STEM learning. Both approaches offered students ways to look into the inherent value of STEM learning and provided them the opportunity to engage in business development activities such as idea generation, fast pitch, design thinking and business planning. In addition, lean start up approach provided students ways to interview potential customers and quickly make pivots in their plan for delivering a product or solution to potential customers fast and efficiently. According to data collected in the project, such entrepreneurship practices well enhanced the overall STEM learning experiences of students. As a design and development project, research questions in STEM-Inc frame formative data collection and analysis to address aspects of the design that worked and others that require revision. Summative measures focus on student learning outcomes, as well as student attitudes toward science and engineering and self-efficacy. This paper examines the overall STEM-Inc project design and outcomes, especially the year over year changes in project implementation based on both research needs and findings from prior year. Results from three years of project implementation showed positive indicators in both formative and summative data, which supported the use of business entrepreneurship practices for engaging middle school students, especially those from underrepresented groups, in STEM learning.
Near-Field Cross-Correlation Analysis for MIMO Wireless Communications

We propose a source-based approach to the analysis and evaluation of cross correlation in generic near-field (NF) interaction scenarios. The proposed theory integrates electromagnetics and stochastic considerations to derive a general formula for Rx port-to-port cross correlation. The derivation is quite general and is expressed in terms of the stochastic correlation tensor of arbitrary random NF source cloud close to the Rx multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna terminals. The theory is then simplified by computing the response to a random NF point source, allowing fast and efficient computations when the NF source is replaced by an equivalent infinitesimal dipole model. The resulted formula is then exploited to devise a new cross-correlation performance evaluation metric suitable for the design of optimum NF spatial diversity applications antennas. The proposed approach and performance evaluation metric are anticipated to play a direct role in NF communication systems antenna design in particular, and stochastic electromagnetics in general.
Immunophenotyping and cytokine gene expression in experimental intramammary infection with staphylococcal species in mice

Immunophenotyping and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in mice mammary gland inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. chromogenes, S. haemolyticus and S. aureus isolated from bovine milk were studied. Swiss albino mice were inoculated with 50 μl (2×104 CFU organisms) per mammary gland (L4, L5, R4 and R5) through intramammary route. Mice were sacrificed at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, and blood and mammary gland tissues were collected for blood immunophenotyping and cytokine gene expression studies, respectively. CD4+ cells increased in S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus and decreased in S. chromogenes inoculated mice. CD8 + cells increased in S. epidermidis compared to other groups. Proinflammatory cytokines showed increased expression of IL-1β (6 folds), IL-4 (3 folds), IL-6 (1 fold), IL-12 (5 folds), TNF-α (5 folds) and IFN-γ (2 folds) in S. aureus inoculated mice. S. epidermidis revealed 2 fold increase in IL-1β and IL-4, and 1 fold increase in IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-γ. S. chromogenes showed increased expression of 2 folds in IL-1β, IFN-γ; 3 folds in IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α and 7 folds in IL-12. S. haemolyticus revealed 2 folds increase in IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α; 3 folds in IL-6 and 5 folds in IL-4. Hence, S. aureus caused severe mastitis in mice when compared to three coagulase negative staphylococcal (CNS) species. The proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4 and IFN-γ) can be used as an indicator for early detection and mice can be used as mastitis model to study CNS mastitis.
Phenotyping of Genetically Altered Mice (7-May-2004)

Introduction Genetically altered mice provide superb models of human physiology and disease. They allow us to evaluate the effects of single altered genes in the context of whole organism and provide tremendous insight into gene function. However, they can provide research results that are frequently unexpected, confusing or simply uninformative. The comparative pathologist is required to assess phenotypic impact of single gene alterations on complex molecular pathways. The effects of genetic background and the variability inherent in the gene construct used to create the animals frequently confound this assessment. Finally, findings must be integrated with published information to draw conclusions and design new experiments.
Mixed-rates Asymptotics (extended Version)

A general method is presented for deriving the limiting behavior of estimators that are defined as the values of parameters optimizing an empirical criterion function. The asymptotic behavior of such estimators is typically deduced from uniform limit theorems for rescaled and reparametrized criterion functions. The new method can handle cases where the standard approach does not yield the complete limiting behavior of the estimator. The asymptotic analysis depends on a decomposition of criterion functions into sums of components with different rescalings. The method is explained by examples from Lasso-type estimation, shorth estimation, and k-means clustering.
The prior distribution of a random measure

It is known that an inﬁnite, exchangeable sequence of observations from a Borel space, in particular a Polish one, is underlain by an almost surely (a.s.) unique random probability measure on this space such that, conditioned on it, the observations are independent and identically distributed with that measure. The distribution of that random measure is the prior distribution involved in Bayes inference. The present paper proves that the prior distribution of the a.s. unique random measure underlying an inﬁnite, exchangeable sequence of observations from a Polish space is a Radon probability measure on the σ -ﬁeld generated by the narrow topology in the space of Borel probability measures on the starting Polish space.
Modulating metallic conductive filaments via bilayer oxides in resistive switching memory

Large fluctuations of key parameters in cation-based resistive random access memory (RRAM), which originate from stochastic growth of metallic conductive filaments, always impose a significant barrier to the practical application of memory devices. Here, we propose an ordinary bilayer oxide structure of Ag/TaOx/TaOy/Pt (x < y) to address this issue and achieve the performance enhancement of memory cells. This memory device is inclined to form nano-cone-shaped filaments under external bias, and the tips of filaments provide an electric field concentration, achieving an effective control of filament growth. Compared with the single-layer device Ag/TaOx/Pt, the bilayer device manifests a larger ON/OFF ratio, much lower operation voltages and RESET currents, a higher response speed, and better uniformity. The insertion of the oxygen-rich layer also brings about the tunability of switching voltages and the elimination of the negative-SET phenomenon. Our experiments might pave the way for high-density emerging memory commercial applications.Large fluctuations of key parameters in cation-based resistive random access memory (RRAM), which originate from stochastic growth of metallic conductive filaments, always impose a significant barrier to the practical application of memory devices. Here, we propose an ordinary bilayer oxide structure of Ag/TaOx/TaOy/Pt (x < y) to address this issue and achieve the performance enhancement of memory cells. This memory device is inclined to form nano-cone-shaped filaments under external bias, and the tips of filaments provide an electric field concentration, achieving an effective control of filament growth. Compared with the single-layer device Ag/TaOx/Pt, the bilayer device manifests a larger ON/OFF ratio, much lower operation voltages and RESET currents, a higher response speed, and better uniformity. The insertion of the oxygen-rich layer also brings about the tunability of switching voltages and the elimination of the negative-SET phenomenon. Our experiments might pave the way for high-density emerging .
Analysis of Trace Residues of Explosive Materials by Time-of-Flight LC/MS Application

A key technique used in trace explosives analysis is HPLC with UV detection, following the guidelines set out in USEPA method 8330. Although sensitive for many target explosives, the method is limited by a lack of detector selectivity. This application note outlines the benefits and limitations of the use of liquid chromatography/time-offlight mass spectrometry (LC/TOFMS) for the detection and quantitation of trace levels of these explosive residues.