Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A complete model for welfare analysis

Taking advantage of some of the lessons learned from income inequality comparisons over time and/or across space, we provide a complete framework of analysis to compare the social or aggregate welfare of independent cross-sections of household income and non-income household characteristics.This framework serves to clarify a number of traditional issues on i) the proper domain of the social evaluation problem; ii) the need to consider alternative mean invariant inequality notions; iii) the decomposition of changes in real welfare into changes of the mean at constant prices and changes in real inequality; iv) the nature of the interhousehold welfare comparability assumptions implicit in all empirical wok, and v) the strong implications of separability assumptions necessary for inequality and welfare decomposition by population subgroups. This review essay, written with an operational aim in mind, extends and updates the treatment found, for example, in Deaton and Muellbauer (1980). The main novelty is the analysis of the simplifying implications of the condition that income adjustment procedures for taking into account non-income needs are independent of household utility levelsan assumption originally introduced in the theoretical literature by Lewbel (1989) and Blackorby and Donaldson (1989), which is extended here to the absolute case.
PERFORMANCE OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS IN A DAY-CARE CENTRE

The performance of four ventilation systems placed in the same building and equipped with plate heat exchangers were examined during spring of 2012. In addition to temperature measurements supply and exhaust air flows measurements were performed. The result shows, that the measured supply and exhaust air flows differ from the design values. Furthermore, the efficiencies of the ventilation units differ from the estimated. Although, the units are placed in the same building and subject to similar conditions, their performance is not comparable when the amount of measurements, when the damper is open or closed and when the reheater is turned on or off amongst the different ventilation units, is taken into account.
The Impact of Public Feedback on Three Recycling-Related Behaviors in South Korea

The effectiveness of posted feedback on recycling in a lounge area at a South Korean university was studied. Participants were college students, professors, and staff members. The dependent variables were the percentage and number of correctly separated aluminum cans, the percentage and number of correctly separated paper cups, and the weight of recycled paper. An A-B-BC-A time series design was used. During baseline (A), separation containers were provided. Posted written feedback was introduced (B) and graphic feedback was added (BC). All feedback was then withdrawn (A). Written feedback resulted in statistically significant increases in all five measures. Although all five measures increased again when graphic feedback was added, none of the increases was statistically significant. When feedback was removed, all but the percentage of correctly separated paper cups decreased significantly. Although the study was of short duration, the results suggest that publicly posted written feedback can increase recycling.
Design issues of an IPM motor for EPS

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the design procedure of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor used in electric power steering (EPS), and some critical issues which have considerable impacts on the machine's performance are fully discussed before detailed sizing optimization.Design/methodology/approach – The design specifications are derived according to application overall requirements. Critical issues which have considerable impacts on the machine's performance, such as operation mode, rotor structure and slot/pole combination, are analyzed based on literature review. The proposed machine is optimized, and the losses and efficiency are computed, using 2‐D finite element analysis (FEA). Findings – Before detailed sizing optimization, machine type selection is fully discussed. Aspects such as brushless ac (BLAC) operation mode, IPM rotor structure and combination of 12‐slot/10‐pole are quite suitable for EPS application. Consequently, a 12‐slot/10‐pole sinusoidally excited IPM machine w.
International Accounting Standardisation Effects on Business Management during the Global Financial Crisis

This study examined the impact of the adoption of international accounting standards on the management performance of businesses listed on the Budapest Stock Exchange in Hungary. The financial data are taken from accounts published on the Budapest Stock Exchange and in the Hungarian Business Information database. The adoption decision model tested if the demand from internal performance evaluations is a factor in businesses decisions to adopt international accounting standards during the global financial crisis situations. The results show that those businesses which have adopted international standards achieved higher and statistically significant positive coefficients than those following local accounting rules. We found that larger firms (those with more leverage, higher market capitalization and substantial foreign sales) were more likely to have adopted international accounting standards. This suggests that the increase in the sensitivity of turnover to accounting performance post-adoption is primarily driven by heightened turnover sensitivity to accounting losses.
An interdisciplinary study on the mode of action of probiotics in pigs

An interdisciplinary research group granted by the German Research Foundation (FOR 438) tested various hypotheses and tired to develop a model for the mode of action of probiotics in pigs. The study included the fields of animal nutrition/digestion physiology, anatomy and histology of the intestinal mucosa, transport and secretory properties of the mucosa, microbiology of the intestinal tract, immune system (classes of intraepithelial lymphocytes, humoral responses), gene expression of the mucosa and finally the in vitro and in vivo resistance against infection with Salmonella. Five trials with ten sows per treatment each and their piglets and two probiotic strains were included in this study. The studied bacterial strains were Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 and Bacillus cereus var. toyoi NCIMB 40112. Concluding from our studies and the published data of others, the effects of probiotics on performance are rarely significant. However, with one exception the incidence of post-weaning diarrhoea under the effect of both probiotics was significantly reduced in the trials of the research group. Furthermore, the identification frequency of various E. coli sero-pathovars relevant in post weaning diarrhoea was reduced in these animals. On the other hand, no significant modifications were found for the morphology and histology of the intestinal mucosa and also not on transport properties of this tissue. A further important finding was that the mode of action for probiotics is not unique but species or even strain specific. Most probably the studied probiotics act directly and/ or via modifications of the intestinal microbiota on the immune system (intraepithelial lymphocyte population).
Robust VIF regression with application to variable selection in large data sets

The sophisticated and automated means of data collection used by an increasing number of institutions and companies leads to extremely large datasets. Subset selection in regression is essential when a huge number of covariates can potentially explain a response variable of interest. The recent statistical literature has seen an emergence of new selection methods that provide some type of compromise between implementation (computational speed) and statistical optimality (e.g. prediction error minimization). Global methods such as Mallows’ Cp have been supplanted by sequential methods such as stepwise regression. More recently, streamwise regression, faster than the former, has emerged. A recently proposed streamwise regression approach based on the variance inflation factor (VIF) is promising but its least-squares based implementation makes it susceptible to the outliers inevitable in such large datasets. This lack of robustness can lead to poor and suboptimal feature selection. In our case, we seek to predict an individual’s educational attainment using economic and demographic variables. We show how classical VIF performs this task poorly and a robust procedure is necessary for policy makers. This article proposes a robust VIF regression, based on fast robust estimators, that inherits all the good properties of classical VIF in the absence of outliers, but also continues to perform well in their presence where the classical approach fails.
RF-FOCUSED SPOKE RESONATOR*

In this paper we discuss the feasibility of using fingerlike structures added to a superconducting spoke resonator cavity to superimpose a modest amount of electric quadrupole focusing onto the high axial accelerating field. The motivation for this idea is to eliminate the need for magnetic focusing elements such as solenoids between spoke cavities in a cryomodule at very low beam velocities and thereby improving the real-estate accelerating gradient by increasing the longitudinal packing factor. So far, proposed linac designs using spoke resonators at low-β have not been able to fully take advantage of the high gradients available due to the high longitudinal phase advance per period caused by engineering constraints. Preliminary results of cavity modeling and analytical calculations for the proposed structure will be discussed.
Predicting Graduation in High School Seniors from Protective and Other Factors

PREDICTING GRADUATION IN HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS FROM PROTECTIVE AND OTHER FACTORS Ana Garcia, M.A. Marquette University, 2011 The purpose of the current study was to examine factors that discriminated between high school students who graduated from those who did not. High school graduation was chosen as a discriminating outcome for the comparisons groups due to the positive implications graduation has on students' future professional and emotional development. Data were collected from students enrolled in their fourth year of high school. Specifically, the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC-2) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used to assess students' internalizing and externalizing behaviors as they related to academic achievement. Seventy-eight fourth year high school students agreed to participate in the study. The current study failed to identify predictor variables due to the large discrepancy in the sizes of the two outcome groups. No significant differences were found between the groups with respect to the independent variables. Significant differences were found between gender and graduation outcome. Additionally, differences in grade point average and school attendance were significant between groups. In addition to these statically significant findings, moderate and large effect sizes were identified among the independent variables and high school graduation. Predicting Graduation i
Translocation of hihi Notiomystis cincta to Maungatautari, a mainland reserve protected by a predator-exclusion fence, Waikato, New Zealand

John G. Ewen, Kevin A. Parker, Kate Richardson, Doug Armstrong & Chris Smuts-Kennedy Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, NW1 4RY, London, UK Institute of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 102904, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland, New Zealand Ecology Group, Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Maungatautari Ecological Island Trust, 64 Alpha Street, Cambridge, New Zealand
COMPLICATIONS, DELIGHTS AND TENSIONS

ii Acknowledgements . iii Chapter 1 – Introduction: The utopian challenge . 1 Tensions and concerns . 2 Theoretical framework . 3 Chapter overview . 3 Chapter 2 – Rationale: conceptualising immigrant otherness . 7 Troubling otherness: The concerns and tensions . 7 The genesis of my research . 7 Powerlessness and resignation – immigrant teachers‟ concerns . 9 Concerns in the early childhood discourse . 11 Critical multiculturalism . 12 Political concerns . 12 Methodological framework . 12 Discourse analysis. 12 Theoretical frameworks. 13 Political framework: The liquid modern condition . 13 The early childhood education context . 14 Philosophical framework . 15 Critical feminist framework . 17 Concluding comments . 18 Chapter 3 Knowledge and ignorance . 19 Kristeva‟s foreigners . 19 Intoxicatingly free. 19 Masked and protected . 19 Who is the other: The concerns with knowledge . 20 Immigrant teacher concerns . 20 Concerns with the early childhood discourse . 20 Contesting knowledge – an analysis . 22 A political, liquid modern context of knowing the other . 22 Bicultural knowing. 23 A philosophical analysis of knowing the other . 24 Ignorance, not knowledge – a feminist analysis . 25 Concluding comments . 27 Chapter 4 Home and homelessness . 29 Kristeva‟s foreigners . 29 In between homes . 29 Concerns and tensions of home . 30 The significance of home . 30
On the nature of GRB 050509b: a disguised short GRB

(shortened) Context: GRB GRB 050509b, detected by the \emph{Swift} satellite, is the first case where an X-ray afterglow has been observed associated with a short gamma-ray burst (GRB). Within the fireshell model, the canonical GRB light curve presents two different components: the proper-GRB (P-GRB) and the extended afterglow. [. ] In particular, the traditionally called short GRBs can be either "genuine" short GRBs [. ] or "disguised" short GRBs [. ]. AIMS: We verify whether GRB 050509b can be classified as a "genuine" short or a "disguised" short GRB, in the fireshell model. Methods: We investigate two alternative scenarios. In the first, we start from the assumption that this GRB is a "genuine" short burst. In the second attempt, we assume that this GRB is a "disguised" burst. Results: If GRB 050509b were a genuine short GRB, there should initially be very hard emission which is ruled out by the observations. The analysis that assumes that this is a disguised short GRB is compatible with the observations. The theoretical model predicts a value of the extended afterglow energy peak that is consistent with the Amati relation. Conclusions: GRB 050509b cannot be classified as a "genuine" short GRB. The observational data are consistent with a "disguised" short GRB classification, i.e., a long burst with a weak extended afterglow "deflated" by the low density of the CBM. We expect that all short GRBs with measured redshifts are disguised short GRBs because of a selection effect: if there is enough energy in the afterglow to measure the redshift, then the proper GRB must be less energetic than the afterglow. The Amati relation is found to be fulfilled only by the extended afterglow excluding the P-GRB.
Shell selection by the land hermit crab Coenobita cavipes Stimpson

C. cavipes is found to occupy 16 species of ~astropod shells. The crabs have been divided into 6 size ~roups based on the carapace len~th and the frequency of occupation of different ~astropod shells by each ~roup, is calculated. Hi~her incidence of occupation reflects both preference and abundance of the shells in nature. BodYvolume/shell volume and carapace len~th/shell width indices, indicate the development of evaluation stimuli for shell selection for this crab. Role of shell volume adequacy on the a~nostic behaviour of this hermit crab is discussed.
“ Biological Windows ” : A Tribute to W . Ross

We often do not realize how fast the time is running. It is now more than a year since the sad news for the death of William Ross Adey came. With kind agreement of Prof. Kostarakis my presentation at the 3rd International Workshop “Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields” was dedicated to the memory of this remarkable scientist, dear colleague and friend. I would like that this paper will be a tribute to the life and scientific achievements of Dr. Ross Adey. It is astonishing that among all his contributions in the field of Bioelectromagnetics, Dr. Adey introduced the term “window”.
Effect of Physical Exercise program on Breath Muscles in Asthma Patients

This study was developed to investigate the effect of physical exercise program on breath muscles in asthma patients. Twenty patients with asthma were participated in present study and they were divided into two groups (experiment and control), each group included 10 patients. However, we used an experimental study because it is suitable to the nature of the study and present study was achieved in the pulmonary rehabilitation center of a Morjan Hospital. Our measurements involved force expiratory volume at the first second (FEV1), maximum inspiratory pressure (PI,max), maximum expiratory pressure (PE,max), and shortness of breath. Results of the study showed to be a significant difference between pre and post-tests in favor of experiment group, this mean that physical exercise had an impact on the proportion of FEV1, PI,max, PE,max, and the level of shortness of breath in patients with asthma for the experimental group. Our conclusions showed the importance of physical exercise to improve breath muscles in asthma patients.
Collapse of differentially rotating neutron stars and cosmic censorship

We present new results on the dynamics and gravitational-wave emission from the collapse of differentially rotating neutron stars. We have considered a number of polytropic stellar models having different values of the dimensionless angular momentumJ/M 2 , where J and M are the asymptotic angular momentum and mass of the star, respectively. For neutron stars with J/M 2 1, i.e. “supra-Kerr” models, on the other hand, we were not able to fin d models that are dynamically unstable and all of the computed supra-Kerr models were found to be far from the stability threshold. For these models a gravitational collapse is possible only afte r a very severe and artificial reduction of the pressure, which then leads to a torus developing nonaxisymmetric instabilities and eventually contracting to a stable axisymmetric stellar configuration. While this does not exc lude the possibility that a naked singularity can be produced by the collapse of a differentially rotating star, it also suggests that cosmic censorship is not violated and that generic conditions for a supra-Kerr progenitor do not lead to a naked singularity.
The faint end of the red sequence galaxy luminosity function: unveiling surface brightness selection effects with the CLASH clusters

Characterizing the evolution of the faint end of the cluster red sequence (RS) galaxy luminosity function (GLF) with redshift is a milestone in understanding galaxy evolution. However, the community is still divided in that respect, hesitating between an enrichment of the RS due to efficient quenching of blue galaxies from $z\sim1$ to present-day or a scenario in which the RS is built at a higher redshift and does not evolve afterwards. Recently, it has been proposed that surface brightness (SB) selection effects could possibly solve the literature disagreement, accounting for the diminishing of the RS faint population in ground based observations. We investigate this hypothesis by comparing the RS GLFs of 16 CLASH clusters computed independently from ground-based Subaru/Suprime-Cam and HST/ACS images in the redshift range $0.187\leq z\leq0.686$. We stack individual cluster GLFs in redshift and mass bins. We find similar RS GLFs for space and ground based data, with a difference of 0.2$\sigma$ in the faint end parameter $\alpha$ when stacking all clusters together and a maximum difference of 0.9$\sigma$ in the case of the high redshift stack, demonstrating a weak dependence on the type of observations in the probed range of redshift and mass. When considering the full sample, we estimate $\alpha = -0.76 \pm 0.07$ and $\alpha = -0.78 \pm 0.06$ with HST and Subaru respectively. We note a mild variation of the faint end with redshift at a 1.7$\sigma$ and 2.6$\sigma$ significance. We investigate the effect of SB dimming by simulating our low redshift galaxies at high redshift. We measure an evolution in the faint end slope of less than 1$\sigma$ in this case, implying that the observed signature is moderately larger than one would expect from SB dimming alone, and indicating a true evolution in the faint end slope. (Abridged.)
Public Health Expenditures, Income and Health Outcomes in the Philippines

This paper studied the relationship among public health expenditures, income and health outcomes in the Philippines. Infant mortality rate, under five mortality rate and life expectancy were used as proxy for health outcomes. Specifically, this paper presented the profile of government health expenditures, income and health outcomes from 1981 to 2010. The study used Vector Autoregressive Analysis and Granger Causality test to determine the direction of relationship of the variables. Results revealed that health expenditure per capita followed an overall increasing trend with an average growth rate of 6.49% and GDP per capita with an average growth rate of 11% from 1981 to 2010. These correspond to the reduction of infant mortality rate by 1.64% on average, under five mortality by 1.76% and the increase in life expectancy with an average growth of 0.17% from 1981 to 2010. However, VAR results revealed that the past values of public health expenditure has no effect on under-five mortality rates but affects infant mortality rate. This may suggest that the past and present level of health expenditure is not sufficient enough to affect under five mortality rate but is effective enough on alleviating infant mortality rate. Conversely, past and present values of GDP per capita is not sufficient enough to affect infant mortality rate but affects under five mortality rate in the Philippines. VAR estimation also revealed that both health expenditure and GDP per capita has a positive and significant effect on life expectancy. Thus, to improve life expectancy and to reduce child mortality rates in line with the Millennium Development Goals, it requires effective and sufficient health expenditure and a sustainable economic growth.
Tunable high-gradient permanent magnet quadrupoles

A novel type of highly tunable permanent magnet (PM) based quadrupole has been designed by the ZEPTO collaboration. A prototype of the design (ZEPTO-Q1), intended to match the specification for the CLIC Drive Beam Decelerator, was built and magnetically measured at Daresbury Laboratory and CERN. The prototype utilises two pairs of PMs which move in opposite directions along a single vertical axis to produce a quadrupole gradient variable between 15 and 60 T/m. The prototype meets CLIC's challenging specification in terms of the strength and tunability of the magnet.