Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Tidal Resource Evaluation-Based Method for Tidal Current Generation Farm Allocation Considering the Directionality of Tidal Currents

This article proposes a tidal resource evaluation-based planning method for profitable and reasonable allocations of tidal current generation farms (TCGFs). The directionality and variability of tidal current velocity (TCV) and their correlation are addressed. First, a TCGF power output model is developed. The correlations between tidal current directions and the probability distributions of TCV magnitudes are modeled by rose diagram, and wake effects in TCGFs are simulated by the semi-analytical wake model. Second, a tidal current resource evaluation method is proposed to determine the TCGF's capacity. An optimization planning model is proposed to optimally coordinate tidal current turbine (TCT) micrositing, offshore substation position selection and the ECS planning scheme. The positions of TCTs and substation are modeled by continuous coordinates. The objective is to minimize the levelized cost of energy, subject to the geographical boundary and security operation requirements of the TCGF. Third, the Prufer number-based particle swarm optimization (PN-PSO) algorithm is developed to solve the proposed planning model. The requirements of ECS radial topology and no cable crossings can be fully satisfied. Finally, the measured TCV data collected from Alaska and North Orkney Islands were used to verify the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed method.
Photosynthetic activity in two heteromorphic life‐history stages of a freshwater red alga, Thorea gaudichaudii (Thoreales) from Japan, in response to an irradiance and temperature gradient

We determined the effect of irradiance and temperature on the photosynthesis of two heteromorphic life‐history stages of an endangered freshwater red alga, Thorea gaudichaudii (Thoreales) by laboratory and field measurements. Net oxygenic photosynthesis–irradiance models of macroscopic and microscopic life‐history stages revealed similar low irradiance‐adapted responses, with a compensation irradiance (Ec) of 6.71 and 2.56 μmol photons m−2 s−1 (4.30–9.13 and 0.13–7.19, 95% Bayesian prediction interval, BPI) and saturating irradiance (Ek) of 26.6 and 30.0 μmol photons m−2 s−1 (19.0–37.4 and 12.1–63.0, BPI), respectively. A temperature‐dependent model of net photosynthesis and dark respiration in macroscopic and microscopic stages also showed similar temperature responses, and the gross photosynthetic rate (GPmax), 3.54 and 6.34 μg O2 gww−1 min−1 (3.10–3.99 and 5.31–8.21, BPI), was highest at 32.1 and 35.7°C (29.8–34.0 and 29.5–48.6, BPI). The maximum quantum yields (F v/F m) in macroscopic and microscopic stages were also similar in response with respect to temperature; however, it was somewhat steady at low temperatures with the highest value of 0.54 and 0.62 (0.54–0.55 and 0.61–0.63, BPI) at 17.8 and 15.0°C (16.7–18.8 and 12.3–17.1, BPI). The effective quantum yield (Φ PSII) in macroscopic and microscopic stages was also negatively correlated with irradiance, which decreased after 12 h of continuous exposure to 50 (low) and 1000 (high) μmol photons m−2 s−1 at 12 and 22°C. Large declines of Φ PSII and subsequent failure of F v/F m recovery were particularly enhanced at high irradiance, signifying photoinhibition. Diurnal change of Φ PSII and incident irradiance of the macroscopic stage under the field measurement revealed the midday depression of Φ PSII; however, there was little direct sunlight due to shading by the trees, and algae were occurring in the shaded locations in the freshwater spring.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Oberea diversipes (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of the Oberea diversipes was reported. The genome was a circular molecule of 15,499 base pairs (bp), with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and an estimated 830 bp A + T-rich control region. The total base composition of the mitogenome was A–T bias, with 40.9% for A, 37.0% for T, 13.4% for C, and 8.7% for G. The molecular data presented here would be useful for further study of O. diversipes.
On the minimum reactant concentration required to prepare Au/M core-shell nanoparticles by the one-pot microemulsion route

Abstract The minimum reactant concentration required to synthesize Au/M (M = Ag, Pt, Pd, Ru …) core-shell nanoparticles by the one-pot microemulsion route was calculated by a simulation model under different synthesis conditions. This minimum concentration was proved to depend on the reduction potential of the slower metal M and on the rigidity of the surfactant film composing the microemulsion. Model results were tested by comparing with Au/M nanoparticles taken from literature. In all cases, experimental data obey model predictions. From this agreement, one can conclude that the smaller the standard potential of the slower reduction metal, the lower the minimum concentration needed to obtain core-shell nanoparticles. In addition, the higher the surfactant flexibility, the higher the minimum concentration to synthesize metal segregated nanoparticles. Model prediction allows to quantify which is the best value of concentration to prepare different pairs of core-shell Au/M nanoparticles in terms of nature of M metal in the couple and microemulsion composition. This outlook may become an advanced tool for fine-tuning Au/M nanostructures. Graphical Abstract:
New species of Ilanga (Gastropoda: Trochoidea: Solariellidae) from the Indo-West Pacific.

In this study we list and figure a total of 22 species assigned to the genus Ilanga Herbert, 1987 that were collected during recent Paris Museum expeditions, of which 16 are new and described here (listed in the order they appear in the text): Ilanga herberti n. sp. , I. euryomphalos n. sp. , I. polygramma n. sp. , I. stephanophora n. sp. , I. harrytaylori n. sp. , I. eurystoma n. sp. , I. oxeia n. sp. , I. cosmia n. sp. , I. corrineae n. sp. , I. comes n. sp. , I. dongshaensis n. sp. , I. philia n. sp. , I. helicoides n. sp. , I. lauensis n. sp. , I. mesembrine n. sp. and I. boreia n. sp. These species occur throughout the Indo-West Pacific, extending the known range of this genus beyond the south west Indian Ocean. We also synonymise Microgaza fulgens Dall, 1907 and Microgaza konos Vilvens, 2009 (syn. nov.) (as I. fulgens). New combinations include Ilanga fulgens and I. navakaensis.
An exploration of spillover effects: evidence from threat-induced education reform

ABSTRACT This study explores spillover effects between national security and education issues. I examine whether the rise of new foreign threats is correlated with education issues rising onto the congressional agenda and with the passage of education laws. To answer this question several data sources on military conflicts and congressional activity from 1947–2015 were combined. I estimate the relationship between changes in deployed troops, the presence of education issues on the congressional agenda, and the passage of education laws. I find that total troop changes were a significant predictor of the passage of education legislation. This relationship is partially mediated by education issues rising onto the congressional agenda. The arrival of a foreign threat appears to create a shock that raises national security issues and subsequently education onto the congressional agenda. These findings help to explain delays to policy maintenance and the focus on short term goals in education reform.
High niche partitioning promotes highly specialized, modular and non‐nested florivore–plant networks across spatial scales and reveals drivers of specialization

Understanding patterns of ecological specialization, the processes underlying niche partitioning and how they translate into the structure of interaction networks is a persistent challenge in ecology. Advances on this regard are limited by the prevalent focus on single spatial scales, lack of tests of the mechanisms underlying specialization, and scarce investigation of some types of interactions. Here we investigated the patterns of interaction between plants and florivores (flower‐breeding drosophilids, FBD) at species‐ and community‐level and at local and regional scales, and tested the relative importance of multiple potential drivers of frequencies of interactions in a local network. First, based on a year‐round collection of 42 322 flowers belonging to 82 plant species, we investigated species specialization and network structure and tested whether frequencies of interactions were related to plant–consumer temporal overlap and resource availability. Second, we built a regional florivore–plant meta‐network for the Neotropical region and tested its structure for nestedness, modularity and overall specialization. Our findings revealed that although FBD species span a broad range of degrees of specialization, most species were highly specialized. At both local and regional scales, network structure was highly modular and non‐nested, presenting high complementary specialization. Moreover, phenological overlap between FBD and their hosts was the most influential driver of frequency of interactions, in comparison to abundance and traits. By describing the structure of FBD–plant networks, our results illustrate how a highly diverse and specialized system retains interaction patterns found in other types of interaction networks which are often driven by different processes. Furthermore, despite undersampling of interactions in the meta‐network caused by the lack of studies on this system and the high diversity of Neotropical FBD's, the high modularity and consistency of some clade–clade modules across spatial scales suggests the importance of evolutionary history and physiological constraints in shaping interactions in this system.
NON-EQUILIBRIUM BELOUSOV–ZHABOTINSKY REACTION DESCRIBES THE SPONTANEOUS ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN

Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reactions describe chemical patterns in terms of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, chaotic evolution of nonlinear oscillators, excitability under the influence of peculiar chemical stimulations. In touch with this chemical model, we hypothesized that the nonlinear brain electric activity at the edge of the chaos could be triggered by neural oscillation equipped with BZ dynamics, and that changes in neural activity might be correlated with the transient occurrence of (either short and long-range) BZ-like reactions in cortical subareas. To prove our hypothesis of neuronal waves driven by BZ-like processes, we evaluated fMRI movies that assess in vivo BOLD resting state activity of the human brain. We found that the spontaneous activity of the brain display features fully overlapping the recently-introduced local circuits based on BZ chemical reaction. Therefore, neuronal paths during spontaneous activity of the brain match BZ dynamics’ previsions. Our results point towards the brain as crossed by diffusive nonlinear neural oscillations patterns that are predictable. Furthermore, our results suggest that chaotic dynamics arise from nothing else than the network arrangements subtending physical and biological systems.
Surface morphology control of the SiC (0001) substrate during the graphene growth

Abstract The dependence of surface morphology of the SiC(0001) substrate on the rate with which it is heated up to the temperature of graphene growth was studied by three techniques: atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy. The study was carried out for the rates of substrates heating ranging from 100 °C/min to 320 °C/min. As a result, it was found out that both the width of the terraces forming on the surface of SiC substrate and the uniformity of the graphene layers covering these terraces significantly depend on the applied rate of the heating. It was also shown that the most homogeneous monolayer graphene with the minimum of double-layers inclusions is formed if the rate of SiC heating is about 250 °C/min.
A Data Structure Optimizing Compiler for tUPL

Traditional programming languages have a range of artifacts that prevent compilers from being able to optimize the code on a grand-scale, such as explicit parallelization, explicit data structure definitions and data dependencies. tUPL is an alternative, high-level programming language that aims to avoid these problems. In this thesis we present libtupl, an optimizing compiler for tUPL, which has the ability to automatically generate efficient data structures for algorithms through a range of simple transformation passes. We show that advanced data structures derived through application of these transformation passes have the ability to outperform naive data structures and in certain scenarios outperform hand-optimized implementations of MKL. To enable tUPL to be used in any existing Python code base, we developed Tython, a front-end for libtupl that enables tUPL to be used in any existing Python code base. The use of Tython will be illustrated with a number of examples and its implementation will be discussed.
Knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding dental implants among patients visiting a university hospital and its teaching districts

Introduction: Dental implants are considered one of the best treatment options for completely or partially edentulous patients. But due to lack of knowledge and education many patients especially in the region of underdeveloped or developing countries do not opt for this. In current study the knowledge, attitude and awareness about dental implants was studied in a referral center and its outreach centers in Nepal. Purpose: To determine the status of knowledge, attitude and awareness about dental implants in a tertiary care hospital and its outreach centers. Materials and Methods: 192 patients were asked about dental implants using a standard questionnaire. Their response were recorded and analyzed statistically. Results: Among the respondents 52.6% were aware of implant therapy, however in specific knowledge only 24.5% could attribute the jaw as site for implant placement. It was also found that rather than dental professionals (17.7%), friends and acquaintances (30.2%) play a role in awareness. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study limited knowledge and awareness about dental implants was noticed and role of dentists for the information is lacking in our part of world.
Complement and coagulation cascades are potentially involved in dopaminergic neurodegeneration in α-synuclein-based mouse models of Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder that results in motor dysfunction and eventually, cognitive impairment. α-Synuclein protein has been known to be the most culprit protein, but the underlying pathological mechanism still remains to be elucidated. As an effort to clarify the pathogenesis mechanism by α-synuclein, various PD mouse models with α-synuclein overexpression have been developed. However, the systemic analysis of protein abundance change by the overexpressed α-synuclein in the whole proteome level has been still lacking. To address this issue, we established two sophisticated mouse models of PD by injecting α-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFF) or by inducing overexpression of human A53T α-synuclein to discover overlapping pathways, which could be altered in the two different types of PD mouse model. For more accurate quantification of mouse brain proteome, stable isotope labeling with amino acid in mammal-based quantification was implemented. As a result, we have successfully identified a total of 8,355 proteins from both of the mouse models; ∼6,800 and ∼7,200 proteins from α-synuclein PFF injected mice and human A53T α-synuclein transgenic mice, respectively. From the pathway analysis of the differentially expressed proteins in common, the complement and coagulation cascade pathway were determined as the most enriched ones. This is the first study that highlights the significance of the complement and coagulation pathway in the pathogenesis of PD through proteome analyses with two sophisticated mouse models of PD.
Mechanical Properties of Modern Wheeled Mobile Robots

The paper discusses mechanical properties of modern wheeled mobile robots including aspects of kinematics and dynamics. Relevant features of these robots and of used types of wheels are considered. Robots are categorized into six groups according to kinematic structures, which can be obtained using various types of wheels. For each group mechanical properties, which characterize the robots are discussed. Various variants of the robots within particular groups are described and some examples of existing solutions are given. Individual variants of the robots are compared and assessed taking into account the possessed features.
CONDUCTION MECHANISM OF NANOGRAPHITE FORMED BY METHANE PLASMA DEPOSITION AND SUBSEQUENTLY HEAT TREATMENT

Samples of nanographite films obtained by carbon deposition in a methane plasma and subsequent heat treatment at a temperature of 650°C were studied. Thickness of obtained films was 1-2 nm. The results of measurements of a temperature dependencys of the resistance (R(T)) shows that when a temperature changes from 80°K to 300°K the resistance changes by about three orders of magnitude. The temperature dependency of the activation energy has a non-Arrhenius character corresponding to the variable range hopping mechanism. An analysis of the dependency of the reduced activation energy versus the natural logarithm of temperature showed that the electric conductivity of graphite nanoflakes corresponds to the Efros-Shklovsky mechanism. Size of graphite nanoflakes was estimated to be ~1.7 nm from the obtained results.
Public reactions to celebrity cancer disclosures via social media: Implications for campaign message design and strategy

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse social media users’ reactions to a celebrity’s cancer announcement in order to inform future cancer-related campaigns. Design: A content analysis of Facebook users’ written responses to the actor Hugh Jackman’s 2013 post announcing his skin cancer diagnosis. Setting: Facebook’s application programming interface (API) software was used to compile all 14,534 comments posted by Facebook users under Jackman’s Facebook post between 21 November 2013 and 6 January 2014. Method: The Facebook API captured number of post likes and gender of the poster, while two trained coders also analysed the posts for emotional reactions, emoticon use and mentions of cancer-related behaviours. Results: Hope was the most common text-based emotional expression, and happy emoticons were the most used visual emotional expression in user comments in response to Jackman’s diagnosis. Posts mentioning detection behaviours were more likely to receive likes than those that did not mention them. Additionally, female users were significantly more likely to mention detection behaviours related to skin cancer than were male users. Conclusion: Celebrity cancer announcements may serve as de facto cancer awareness campaigns as well as highlight how to effectively craft coordinating strategic campaigns launched after a celebrity cancer disclosure.
A weighted least squares consideration for IR-UWB radar based device-free object positioning estimation for indoor environment

Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband (IR-UWB) radar is a type of radar functioning based on UWB transmission technology that uses an exceedingly wide bandwidth low power impulse signal to continuously transmitting and receiving the impulse signal for object detection within a range. To date, most of the proposed Ultra-Wideband (UWB) transmission technology based object positioning estimation systems for indoor environment depends on objects to be attached with an active UWB devices. In certain circumstances, it is ideal to track objects in passive manner without the requirement of any attached tracking devices or device-free object positioning estimation. IR-UWB radar has shown promising utilization in realizing device-free object positioning estimation for indoor environment. With this motivation, in this paper a work on weighted least squares consideration for IR-UWB radar based device-free object positioning estimation for indoor environment is presented.
Urban planning in the post-zoning era: From hierarchy to self-organisation in the reform of the Finnish Land Use and Building Act

Encountering cities as complex systems has been pictured as both an intellectual challenge and an urge to reconceptualise planning practices accordingly. Statutory planning in Finland, like in many other European countries, is built on the principles of hierarchical three-level zoning and area reservation codes. The zoning system reflects two historical tasks: the industrialising society’s need to separate uses and the post-war desire for hierarchical administrative structures. Both these demands are rapidly losing their importance. The article focuses on current urban planning practices and planning rules, discussing their limitations to cope with urban complexity and self-organised dynamics, and aiming to develop new rules that could potentially turn complexity into an asset. Evolving digital technologies provide completely new opportunities for developing urban planning into a more transparent and interactive tool. In this framework, we set out to study the development potentials of planning rules in Finland, where the drafting of a new Land Use and Building Act is currently underway calling for a reassessment of the operative role of the planning system.
Hardness-Depth Relationship with Temperature Effect for Single Crystals—A Theoretical Analysis

In this paper, a mechanistic model is developed to address the effect of temperature on the hardness-depth relationship of single crystals. Two fundamental hardening mechanisms are considered in the hardness model, including the temperature dependent lattice friction and network dislocation interaction. The rationality and accuracy of the developed model is verified by comparing with four different sets of experimental data, and a reasonable agreement is achieved. In addition, it is concluded that the moderated indentation size effect at elevated temperatures is ascribed to the accelerated expansion of the plasticity affected region that results in the decrease of the density of geometrically necessary dislocations.
Possible Effects of Economic Public Policies Implemented in Brazil after the Financial Crisis of 2008 on Foreign Direct Investment

The objective of this article is to evaluate the effects of public economic policies, implemented in response to the economic crisis of 2008, on the flows of foreign direct investment in Brazil. It demonstrates, through the political sociology of public action, that the crisis generated a change in the references of Brazilian economic policies: from the policies of the so-called “macroeconomic tripod” to policies of the new economic matrix. The implementation of this change is expressed in multiple government actions, including the use of the National Bank for Economic and Social Development, to stimulate the internationalization of Brazilian companies. It seeks to identify the possible effects of public action through data on the evolution of direct foreign investment and the use of the Grubel-Lloyd index.