Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of After-care-services in the Reintegration and Supply of Labour after Incarceration in the Prisons: Lagos and Oyo States Prison Command Experience

Offenders released from correctional institutions are confronted by social, economic and personal challenges that tend to become obstacles to a crimefree lifestyle. Some of these challenges are as a result of the consequences of incarceration and the difficulty of transiting back into the community. It is along this background that this study investigated the effectiveness of After-Care service in the rehabilitation and supply of labour into the economy by ex-offenders in Oyo and Lagos state commands of the Nigerian prison service. The research adopted the descriptive survey research design. A purposive random sampling method was used to select 450 respondents. The main instrument used for the study is a sigle questionnaire with five subsections, each sub section serving as an independent instrument. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Findings showed that space acquisition and supervision programmes had effect on reintegration and supply of labour into the workplace (F= 76.565; p 0.05). It was recommended that the combination of the treatments will solve the problem of recidivism when applied jointly on individual exoffenders.
Facilitating collaborative research: Implementing a platform supporting data harmonization and pooling

G), Montreal, Quebec, Canada 2) Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada 3) Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 4) Research Institute – McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Bayesian Methods for Nonlinear System Identification of Civil Structures

This paper presents a new framework for the identification of mechanics-based nonlinear finite element (FE) models of civil structures using Bayesian methods. In this approach, recursive Bayesian estimation methods are utilized to update an advanced nonlinear FE model of the structure using the input-output dynamic data recorded during an earthquake event. Capable of capturing the complex damage mechanisms and failure modes of the structural system, the updated nonlinear FE model can be used to evaluate the state of health of the structure after a damage-inducing event. To update the unknown time-invariant parameters of the FE model, three alternative stochastic filtering methods are used: the extended Kalman filter (EKF), the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and the iterated extended Kalman filter (IEKF). For those estimation methods that require the computation of structural FE response sensitivities with respect to the unknown modeling parameters (EKF and IEKF), the accurate and computationally efficient direct differentiation method (DDM) is used. A three-dimensional five-story two-by-one bay reinforced concrete (RC) frame is used to illustrate the performance of the framework and compare the performance of the different filters in terms of convergence, accuracy, and robustness. Excellent estimation results are obtained with the UKF, EKF, and IEKF. Because of the analytical linearization used in the EKF and IEKF, abrupt and large jumps in the estimates of the modeling parameters are observed when using these filters. The UKF slightly outperforms the EKF and IEKF.
Periodic loading on a creeping fault: Implications for tides

We study the effect of time varying normal and shear stress perturbations on a creeping fault and in which inertia is neglected. When interpreted in terms of earthquake triggering by earth tides, our results suggest that tidal triggering may exist but be very difficult to detect. We use a spring‐block model with a rate‐and state dependent friction law, loaded at constant velocity, and in which inertia is neglected. When a periodic stress is applied, a resonance exists which can destabilize sliding (i.e. earthquakes). However, when factional parameters slightly vary along the fault, the observed phase lag between the response of the fault and the perturbating stresses close to resonance shows a broad and uncorrelated scattering.
Coupling Strategies for Finite Element Modeling of Thermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Problems

This paper investigates coupling strategies for finite element modeling (FEM) of thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (TEHL) problems. The TEHL problem involves a strong coupling between several physics: solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer. Customarily, this problem is split into two parts (elastohydrodynamic (EHD) and thermal) and the two problems are solved separately while an iterative procedure is established between their respective solutions. This weak coupling strategy involves a loss of information, as each problem is not made intimately aware of the evolution of the other problem’s solution during the resolution procedure. This typically leads to slow convergence rates. The current work offers a full coupling strategy for the TEHL problem, i.e., both the EHD and thermal parts are solved simultaneously in a monolithic system. The system of equations is generated from a finite element discretization of the governing field variables: hydrodynamic pressure, solids elastic deformation, and temperature. The full coupling strategy prevents any loss of information during the resolution procedure leading to very fast convergence rates (solution is attained within a few iterations only). The performance of the full coupling strategy is compared to that of different weak coupling strategies. Out of simplicity, only steady-state line contacts are considered in this work. Nevertheless, the proposed methodology, results, and findings are of a general nature and may be extrapolated to circular or elliptical contacts under steady-state or transient conditions. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4034956]
Fast prototyping of an SDR WLAN 802.11b receiver for an indoor positioning system

Indoor positioning systems (IPS) are emerging technologies due to an increasing popularity and demand in location based service (LBS). Because traditional positioning systems such as GPS are limited to outdoor applications, many IPS have been proposed in literature. WLAN-based IPS are the most promising due to its proven accuracy and infrastructure deployment. Several WLAN-based IPS have been proposed in the past, from which the best results have been shown by so-called fingerprint-based systems. This paper proposes an indoor positioning system which extends traditional WLAN fingerprinting by using received signal strength (RSS) measurements along with channel estimates as an effort to improve classification accuracy for scenarios with a low number of Access Points (APs). The channel estimates aim to characterize complex indoor environments making it a unique signature for fingerprinting-based IPS and therefore improving pattern recognition in radio-maps. Since commercial WLAN cards offer limited measurement information, software-defined radio (SDR) as an emerging trend for fast prototyping and research integration is chosen as the best cost-effective option to extract channel estimates. Therefore, this paper first proposes an 802.11b WLAN SDR beacon receiver capable of measuring RSS and channel estimates. The SDR is designed using LabVIEW (LV) environment and leverages several inherent platform acceleration features that achieve real-time capturing. The receiver achieves a fast-rate measurement capture of 9 packets per second per AP. The classification of the propose IPS uses a support vector machine (SVM) for offline training and online navigation. Several tests are conducted in a cluttered indoor environment with a single AP in 802.11b legacy mode. Finally, navigation accuracy results are discussed.
On Optimizing Traffic Distribution for Clusters of Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems

To address the overload conditions caused by the increasing network traffic volume, recent literature in the network intrusion detection and prevention field has proposed the use of clusters of network intrusion detection and prevention systems (NIDPSs). We observe that simple traffic distribution schemes are usually used for NIDPS clusters. These schemes have two major drawbacks: (1) the loss of correlation information caused by the traffic distribution because correlated flows are not sent to the same NIDPS and (2) the unbalanced loads of the NIDPSs. The first drawback severely affects the ability to detect intrusions that require analysis of correlated flows. The second drawback greatly increases the chance of overloading an NIDPS even when loads of the others are low. In this thesis, we address these two drawbacks. In particular, we propose two novel traffic distribution systems: the Correlation-Based Load Balancer and the Correlation-Based Load Manager as two different solutions to the NIDPS traffic distribution problem. On the one hand, the Load Balancer and the Load Manager both consider the current loads of the NIDPSs while distributing traffic to provide fine-grained load balancing and dynamic load distribution, respectively. On the other hand, both systems take into account traffic correlation in their distributions, thereby significantly reducing the loss of correlation information during their distribution of traffic. We have implemented prototypes of both systems and evaluated them using extensive simulations and real traffic traces. Overall, the evaluation results show that both systems have low overhead in terms of the delays introduced to the packets. More importantly, compared to the naive hash-based distribution, the Load Balancer significantly improves the anomaly-based detection accuracy of DDoS attacks and port scans – the two major attacks that require the analysis of correlated flows – meanwhile, the Load Manager successfully maintains the anomaly-based detection accuracy of these two major attacks of the NIDPSs.
Choix et adaptation de modèles statistiques pour la séparation de voix chantée à partir d'un seul microphone

Le probleme de l'extraction de la voix chantee dans des enregistrements musicaux monophoniques, c'est-a-dire la separation voix / musique avec un seul capteur, est etudie. Les approches utilisees sont basees sur des modeles statistiques a priori des deux sources (musique et voix), notamment sur des Modeles de Melange de Gaussiennes (MMG). Une methode d'adaptation des modeles aux caracteristiques des sources melangees est proposee, et une etude comparative des differents modeles et estimateurs est effectuee. Les resultats montrent que l'adaptation du modele de musique sur les parties non-vocales des chansons permet d'obtenir de bonnes performances dans un cadre realiste.
THE IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON TOURISM SECTOR : A CASE STUDY

Tourism sector makes a significant contribution to maintaining balance of payments on current account in Turkey. Moreover, tourism sector creates the facilities of employment, promotes economic expansion, and plays a central role in representing quality services and attracting as many tourists as possible. In this case, exchange rate volatility has a markedly effect on tourism sector. In this paper, the question of whether currency fluctuations have an impact on the number of tourists coming to Turkey will be analysed.
Discrete Inelasticity and Intermittent Elastic-MicroplasticTransformations in Natural Materials

Introduction The study of deformation mechanisms in the Earth’s crust is an important task in geodynamics, seismology, soil dynamics and seismic prospecting. Deformation processes in rocks take place under the action of natural and man-caused sources, cover a huge deformation range (10-12 -10-2) and a still greater range of strain rate. We study dynamic deformation processes in order to obtain more useful information about a geological medium. At present time many researchers develop a new micro structural model that takes into account micro-scale deformation processes in solids and rocks subjected to complex loading conditions. [Derlet and Maaf, 2013; Kim et al., 2006; Mashinskii, 2005b; Olsson and Austrell, 2001; Vodenitcharova and Zhang, 2002]. It is shown that the total strain increment consists of three main components:
A self-powered triboelectric nanosensor for PH detection

A self-powered, sliding electrification based triboelectric sensor was developed for detecting PH value from a periodic contact/separation motion. This innovative, cost-effective, simply designed sensor is composed of a fluorinated ethylene propylene thin film and an array of electrodes underneath. The operation of the TENG (triboelectric nanogenerator) sensor relies on a repetitive emerging-submerging process with traveling solution waves, in which the coupling between triboelectrification and electrostatic induction gives rise to alternating flows of electrons between electrodes. On the basis of coupling effect between triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, the sensor generates electric output signals which are associated with PH value. Experimental results show that the output voltage of the TENG sensor increases with the increasing PH value, which indicate that the PH value of different solution can be real-time monitored. This work not only demonstrates a new principle in the field of PH value measurement but also greatly expands the applicability of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) as self-powered sensors.
Factors Affecting Abundance of Adult Karner Blues (Lycaeides Melissa Samuelis) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Wisconsin Surveys 1987-95

At 141 pine-oak barrens in central and northwestern Wisconsin, 3,702 Karner blues (Lycaeides melissa samuelis Nabokov) were found in 81.1 hr of transect surveys during spring and 6,094 individuals in 116.6 hr during s m­ mer. Adults offive other closely r lated lycaenids occurred with Karner blues. The percentage of Karner blue males (of sexed individuals) correlated nega­ tively with advancing date within brood, exceeded 50% on peak date within brood, but showed wide variability on a given date. Karner blues occasionally occurred up to 800 m from the nearest larval host, or in tiny, i olated host stands. However, all individuals were within 3-5 km of other larger Karner blue populations. Karner blue abundance significantly increased with de­ creasing latitude, increasing temperature, nearness to midpoint within brood, decreasing site canopy, increasing larval host abundance, and in s mmer com­ pared to spring. Long-term monitoring sites showed dramatic but relatively similar fluctuations among broods (median of 2.8-fold change among ten brood pairs) that apparently varied by individual brood rather than season or year. Extensive dense host patches and dense Karner blues were in sites rep­ resenting a diversity of management histories. Restricted to astern N rth America, the Karner blue (Lycaeides m lissa samuelis Nabokov) is federally listed as endangered in the USA and consid­ ered extirpated in Canada (Andow et al. 1994). This butterfly has two fulllife cycles per year, feeds only on wild lupine (Lupinus perennis L.) (Fabaceae) as larvae range-wide, and overwinters as an egg. It has a rather narrow, gener­ ally east-west range at the northern end of lupine range, from eastern Min­ nesota through the Great Lakes states and southern Ontario to New England (Iftner et al. 1992, Bleser 1993, Dirig 1994, Packer 1994, Savignano 1994). In this paper, we present analyses off actors affecting Karner blue abundance on transect surveys. These results are useful for designing survey protocols and interpreting monitoring data.
Microbial abundance in the coelenteron and mucus of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa and in bottom water of the reef environment

Microorganisms play an important role in coral ecology; however, little is known about cold-water coral (CWC) reefs. Microbial abundance in bottom water of Lophelia pertusa-dominated CWC reefs in the Skagerrak, North Sea, was elevated by ca. 40% for prokaryotes and 70 to 90% for viruses compared to bottom water where no corals were present. This indicates that CWCs influence the microbial food web in bottom water. Furthermore, results suggest that microorganisms contributed significantly to the stock of organic nitrogen (13%) and organic phosphorus (32%) in bottom water. Prokaryotic abundances in the coelenteron of freshly collected corals were (2.0 +/- 0.2) x 10(7) cells ml(-1) and viral abundances were (4.0 +/- 0.6) x 10(7) particles ml(-1). Prokaryotic abundances in coral mucus were (7.5 +/- 0.7) x 10(7) cells ml(-1) and viral abundances were (1.7 +/- 0.3) x 10(8) particles ml(-1). Onboard incubations with elevated prokaryotic and viral abundances in the incubation water indicated that (1) corals accumulate microorganisms in the coelenteron as a potential food source and (2) control mechanisms exist for the abundance of prokaryotic cells and viral particles in the mucus. Our data suggest that L. pertusa controls microbial biomass in the CWC reef environment and coral microhabitats.
Agreement among bacteriological findings, vaginal discharges, and endometrial cytology for endometritis detection in postpartum beef cows.

This study aims to demonstrate the relationship among vaginal discharges, bacteriological contamination, and endometrial cytology during 20–30 days postpartum in beef cows. A total of 82 beef cows, aged 3 years to 7 years and at 20–30 days post-calving, were enrolled in this study. All the cows were checked by transrectal palpation, ultrasound, and vaginal discharge collection. Endometrial cytology and bacteriological samples were then collected using a cytobrush technique. Nine of 82 beef cows (10.97%) had abnormal vaginal discharges and clinical endometritis (CE), and nine of 73 clinically healthy cows (12.32%) had subclinical endometritis (SCE). The agreement among endometrial examination, polymorphonuclear neutrophil percentage (PMN %), and vaginal discharge score (0–3) was moderate (k = 0.48, p < 0.01), whereas that between vaginal discharge score (0–3) and bacteriological finding was poor (k = 0.032, p = 0.51). The agreement between bacterial finding and PMN % was also poor (k = 0.15, p = 0.02). Escherichia coli was the most common bacteria isolated from healthy (14.6 %), CE (38.8 %), and SCE (42.8 %) cows. Moreover, E. coli was the major bacteriological risk factor for SCE occurrence. E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common risk factors for the occurrence of CE. The reproductive performance of beef cows was insignificantly affected by CE and SCE.
A Study on Microblog Classification Based on Information Publicness

Microblog, especially Twitter today has become an important tool to propagate public information among Internet users. The content of Twitter is an extraordinarily large number of small textual messages, posted by millions of users, at random or in response to perceived events or situations. However, messages of Twitter (tweets) cover so many categories including news, spam and others that it's difficult to provide public information directly. Since the traditional search cannot meet demands of tweets of some category, we aim to classify tweets automatically into defined categories to help users search. In our paper, we focus on approaches of collecting a corpus automatically for training classifiers. We proposed two approaches that are based on typical Twitter user accounts and based on Twitter lists using label propagation respectively. Using the corpora, we built classifiers, which are able to determine news, commercial and private tweets. Experiments evaluations show our proposed techniques are effective. In our search, we worked with Japanese, but the proposed approaches can be used with any other language. Keyword Twitter,Classification,Label propagation, Information publicness
Rethinking Education Environment: The Clinical Education Environment Framework

Educational environment is an important determinant of medical students’ behaviour. It impacts their academic performance, motivation, and psychological well-being. Quantitative evidence have shown that there is a decrease in the positive perception of clinical medical students towards the educational environment. The primary focus on this study was to explore the clinical education environment through the lived experience of clinical medical students during medical training. Using hermeneutic phenomenology we aimed to interpret participants’ experience of personal clinical learning journey through free text input. Thematic analysis was performed to analyse the written texts. Various measures were taken to enhance the trustworthiness of the findings. A total of 154 (74.8%) fourth year students and 144 (74.6%) final year students participated in the study. We identified six overarching themes of education environment in clinical setting that are personal development, teaching and learning, assessment for learning, facility, support and nurturing curriculum. The overlapping relationship of the themes is illustrated in the Clinical Education Environment Framework. While many themes were consistent with existing framework, our findings also proposed assessment as an important component to influence perception on education environment. The themes in this study finding conform to the definition of education environment which covers physical, social, and psychological aspects of students learning. Medical schools should take active measures to incorporate a nurturing education environment especially in clinical year where students struggle with the hidden curriculum.
Social networks as instructional tools beyond a classroom

English teachers always seek new and interesting approaches to teach English which are relevant to today’s digital native students. WhatsApp Application (WA) has been suggested by many to be used in ESL classrooms. Therefore, this paper reports a study on the use of WA features (text, image and video) as an instructional tool beyond a regular classroom, students’ perception towards the use of WA in teaching and the benefits and drawbacks of using WA in promoting English language learning. A mix-method research design was utilized to obtain detailed information about the use of WA out of the confined classroom. The instruments include observations on WA exchanged messages, semi-structured interviews and survey questionnaire. The outcomes of the study suggest an instructional tool which can be used “in the real world” and help lecturers to understand the prospective benefits of WA to enhance the teaching and learning process.
A note on the decomposition of the coefficient of variation squared: comparing entropy and Dagum's methods

The aim of this paper is to propose a new decomposition of the coefficient of variation squared. The approach is similar to the Dagum's method when decomposing the Gini index. We compare the new method to the former entropy decomposition of this coefficient. An empirical study is elaborated. This concerns a subgroup decomposition of the non food expenditure cameronian households inequality.
Fishing as a Supergame

This paper considers how cooperative solutions to games of sharing fish resources can be supported by threat strategies. With highly mobile fish stocks, the number of agents compatible with a cooperative self-enforcing solution is not very high for reasonable values of the discount rate, but sensitive to changes in the discount rate and costs and to cost heterogeneity. With migrating stocks, where growth and reproduction depend on how much all agents leave behind after harvesting, the likelihood of a cooperative, self-enforcing equilibrium is increased. With a dominant player and a competitive fringe the rents and optimum stock level of the dominant player fall quickly as the share of the competitive fringe increases. Q 1997 Academic Press