Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human chorionic gonadotropin attenuates amyloid-β plaques induced by streptozotocin in the rat brain by affecting cytochrome c-ir neuron density

Objective(s): Amyloid β plaques, in Alzheimer’s disease, are deposits in different areas of the brain such as prefrontal cortex, molecular layer of the cerebellum, and the hippocampal formation. Amyloid β aggregates lead to the release of cytochrome c and finally neuronal cell death in brain tissue. hCG has critical roles in brain development, neuron differentiation, and function. Therefore, we investigated the effect of hCG on the density of the congophilic Aβ plaque and cytochrome c-ir neurons in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum of Streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats. Materials and Methods: Alzheimer model in rats (except the control group) was induced by streptozotocin (3 mg/kg, Intracerebroventricularly (ICV)). Experimental group rats received streptozotocin and then different doses of hCG (50, 100, and 200 IU, intraperitoneally) for 3 days. 48 hr after last drug injection and after histological processing, the brain sections were stained by congo red for congophilic amyloid β plaques and cytochrome c in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum were immunohistochemically stained. Results: Density of congophilic Aβ plaques and cytochrome c-immunoreactive neurons was significantly higher in ICV STZ treated rats than controls. Treatment with three doses of hCG significantly decreased the density of congophilic Aβ plaques and cytochrome c-immunoreactive neurons in the rat hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum in ICV STZ-treated rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: hCG can be useful in AD patients to prevent the congophilic Aβ plaque formation and decrease cytochrome c-immunoreactive neuron density in the brain.
Periapical granulomas and cysts

— A clinical and radiographic study was undertaken on 1,600 periapical lesions from 1,133 patients referred for extractions or apicoectomies. The clinical findings as well as the radiographic size (diameter) of the lesions were recorded. When this diameter measured less than 5 mm, the pathologic tissue was left in the bone after extraction, whereas in cases where the lesions were 5 mm or more, an excochleation was done and the specimens subjected to a routine histologic examination. In the group consisting of 753 controlled periapical lesions less than 5 mm in diameter all cases healed uneventfully within two years. The distribution of all periapical lesions according to regions was found to be in good correlation with caries frequency. Likewise the distribution within the dental arch of histologically verified granulomas and cysts was compared with earlier reports. A statistically significant higher proportion of cysts was found in the premolar than in the molar region (0.025 > P > 0.02), whereas the opposite was true regarding granulomas. The preoperative radiographic diagnosis showed only poor correlation with the histologic diagnosis. Fistulae occurred more often in connection with granulomas than with cysts (statistically significant, 0.025 > P > 0.01).
Evidence for Two Planned Greek Settlements in the Peloponnese from Satellite Remote Sensing

Satellite remote sensing at Mantinea and Elis in the Peloponnese has identified an extensive network of near-surface orthogonal streets and sections of city blocks. This new and valuable information reveals the general organization of urban space and its parameters, showing that Mantinea and Elis were planned settlements at some point in time. In presenting the evidence for buried archaeological features, the report describes the wider urban layout of each city and outlines a partial reconstruction of an orthogonal network of streets. As Peloponnesian settlements, Mantinea and Elis are considered more broadly within the traditions of Greek town planning. In particular, the report highlights the evidence for planned settlements in the Peloponnese and in doing so challenges the misconception that the region was disinclined to adopt trends in Greek town planning. Finally, an argument is made for the wider integration of satellite remote sensing applications in archaeological fieldwork projects throughout Greece, where until now they were generally lacking. Additional figures can be found under this article’s abstract on AJA Online.
Efficient implementation of advanced molecularly-based equation of state models out of the documentation level

Considering the increasing number of modern thermodynamic models for engineering applications and their continuously growing algebraic complexity, in the chemical process industry and research there is a high demand for methods and mechanisms that enhance the dissemination and reuse of these models in an efficient way. Experience shows that the common practice of providing model equations as annexes of publications does not lead to a successful spread of the models. Coding complex algebraic expressions can be highly challenging and prone to error, in particular when considering inconsistencies that frequently appear between model documentation provided by the authors and their actual software implementations. In light of the above, the use of documentation based models, as supported by the modeling environment MOSAICmodeling, appears to be a promising approach. This type of models guarantees the consistency between model documentation and implementation and builds the basis of model implementations in arbitrary programming or modeling languages. This work focuses on the development and evaluation of methodologies conceived to ease the implementation of modern molecularly based equation of state models while enhancing their dissemination. The core of the concept is the use of computational methods for structural analysis and derivative evaluation, in particular algorithmic differentiation. These are applied on an equation-oriented model implementation of the free Helmholtz energy, originally developed on the documentation level. The resulting model implementations can be used on different modeling environments, including those supporting sequential evaluations and explicit functions, and those supporting fully equation-oriented systems. In general, it was shown that the developed methods not only considerably facilitate the implementation of modern thermodynamic models; in fact, the resulting implementations proved to be highly efficient in terms of computational performance. Furthermore, within this thesis a comparative evaluation of thermodynamic models was performed in order to quantify the influence of the model selection on the quality of the process simulation of a homogeneous catalytic process. By extending the search space for the heterosegmented PCP-SAFT equation of state model, a new set of parameters was estimated which leads to a significant improvement in the description of the phase behaviour of systems containing long chain aldehydes. With a properly parameterized EoS/gE model a successful description of phase equilibrium of comparable quality could be reached as well, however, as expected, with relatively large deviations in the density calculations.
Adaptive Learning Management System

This article is an introduction to a new model for an adaptive Learning Management System. It presents the current e-learning standards and describes the elements that can be used to create the system: the sequencing control modes, sequencing rules, navigation controls, learning records and learning record stores. The model is based on artificial intelligent algorithms that analyze the data captured for each user and creates an adaptive navigation path through the learning content of the system, allowing each user to experience the content in different ways
A Virtual Mind Palace: Adapting the Method of Loci to Virtual Reality.

This master’s thesis investigates the design and development of an application in the medium of Virtual Reality (VR). The application, called the Mind Palace Application (MPA), is an adaptation of a popular mnemonic called the the Method of Loci (MOL). The application is designed to answer research questions regarding how different features of VR impact our memory of Virtual Environments (VEs) and who benefits from this technology. The research design involves a controlled experiment on three groups of six informants. The three groups were to complete a memory task using three different approaches. The experiment group used the MPA in Immersive VR using a Head-Mounted Display (HMD), while a second group used the application in Desktop VR, i.e the application on a desktop computer. The third group used the MOL without any technological aid. The group that used no technological aid performed better than the VR groups. The memoryand spatial ability of the informants were gathered prior to the experiment. The results suggests that informants with higher spatial ability obtains more benefit from using the MPA and the MOL. High spatialand memory ability and successful interaction followed strong performance in the memory experiment. The group that used no technological aid had informants with higher spatialand memory abilities than the VR groups, and also had the most successful interaction. Therefore, these factors are believed to have had most impact on the results. Time lost in navigation with the VR interfaces is also discussed as a potential influencer. Enjoyment, and features of Immersive VR such as presence and immersion correlates negatively with the memory of the VEs. Although the study indicates these negative correlations, it is questionable whether it is the features of Immersive VR causing these results, or if it is the poor spatialand memory abilities of the group using the application in Immersive VR. This thesis presents suggestions for further research to more thoroughly answer the research questions and to clear the ambiguity of the results. The main suggestion for future studies is to sort informants into groups based on spatialand memory ability. This way each group would stand equal before the memory task.
Subband/Transform coding using filter bank designs based on time domain aliasing cancellation

A new, oddly stacked, critically sampled, single side-band (SSB) [7] analysis/synthesis system based on Time Domain Aliasing Cancellation (TDAC) [1],[2] is described in this paper. The specifications for the analysis and synthesis filter responses are developed and a number of designs which satisfy the reconstruction requirements are described. The application of TDAC systems to Subband/Transform coding is also discussed and the objective performance of a 32 band coder using several different window designs is presented and compared with a coder based on Frequency Domain Aliasing Cancellation (FDAC) filter banks [3]-[5].
Bayesian Network Structure Learning and Its Applications in Intrusion Detection

In this paper, an algorithm with attribute reduction based on rough set is introduced. The algorithm can effectively reduce the dimension of attributes and accurately determine the network structure using DBNI with the method of distribution in Bayesian network structure learning with incomplete data. The simulation result shows the algorithm can effectively improve the learning efficiency and detection accuracy of the network. Keywords—rough set; mutual information; Bayesian network; structure learning; intrusion detection
ORIGINAL RESEARCH MR Angiography of the Great Anterior Radiculomedullary Artery (Adamkiewicz Artery) Validated by Digital Subtraction Angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Imaging of the anterior superficial spinal cord arteries by MR angiography is hindered by their small calibers and the similarity in configuration with the anterior superficial spinal cord veins. To validate the location and spatial configuration of the great anterior radiculomedullary artery, (ie, the Adamkiewicz artery [AKA]), contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) was compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA). METHODS: Fifteen patients with suspected spinal cord vascular pathology underwent both spinal CE-MRA and selective spinal DSA. Two phase CE-MRA was performed with the use of a centric k-space filling scheme synchronized to the contrast bolus arrival. The level and side of the AKA origin were scored on the DSA and CE-MRA images and compared regarding image quality in terms of vessel conspicuity, contrast, continuity, sharpness, and background homogeneity on a relative 5-point scale. RESULTS: Localization and spatial configuration of the AKA by CE-MRA was in agreement with DSA findings in 14 of 15 cases. One mismatch of 1 vertebral level (not side) appeared as a result of the tangled vascular pathology. Comparison of image quality revealed that DSA is superior to CE-MRA concerning vessel continuity, sharpness, and background homogeneity (P .001). Overall vessel conspicuity and contrast were judged to be similar. CONCLUSION: CE-MRA can visualize and localize the level of the AKA correctly. Image quality of CE-MRA is sufficient for detection of the AKA but is inferior to DSA.
Quantitative Research in Education: A Primer

Preface Acknowledgements 1. The Nature of Research and Science Ways of Knowing Objectivity The Nature of Science The Scientific Approach Theory: A Scientific Concept Components of Theory Nature of Scientific Research Philosophy of Science Types of Quantitative Research Summary Check Your Understanding Key Terms References 2. Concepts, Variables, and Research Problems Concepts Variables Kinds of Variables Operationalizing Concepts Research Problems Summary Check Your Understanding Key Terms References 3. Conceptual Foundations of Statistics Measures of Central Tendencies Measures of Variability Normal Distribution Statistical Tests Populations and Samples Summary Check Your Understanding Key Terms References 4. Analyzing the Structure and Substance of Hypotheses Hypotheses Kinds of Hypotheses Imposter and Misconceived Hypotheses Finding Hypotheses in Research Studies Analyzing and Diagramming Hypotheses The Invisible Condition Summary Check Your Understanding Key Terms References 5. Generating Hypotheses Ideas for New Hypotheses Observing, Conceptualizing, and Hypothesizing More Theory-More Hypotheses Summary Check Your Understanding Key Terms References Appendix A: Elements of a Proposal Appendix B: Simple Writing Suggestions Glossary Index About the Author
Réalisation d’une caméra photogrammétrique ultralégère et de haute résolution

Ces dernieres annees, l’IGN a participe a des experiences de photogrammetrie tres haute resolution au cours desquelles des appareils photo numerique (APN) ont ete utilises sur differents types de drones. Cela nous a permis d'affiner les caracteristiques techniques importantes que devrait proposer une nouvelle camera photogrammetrique ultralegere et de tres haute resolution dediee a ce type d’application. Le LOEMI, laboratoire en instrumentation de l‘IGN, fort de l'experience qu'il a acquise en concevant et realisant les cameras aeriennes numeriques de l'IGN, s’est lance dans la conception de ce nouvel imageur en 2012 apres avoir etudie les possibilites offertes par le marche en termes de capteur et de composant "cerveau" de la camera. La camera sera basee sur un capteur CMOS et son electronique d’acquisition et de traitements sur un SoC+FPGA de la societe Xilinx. Grâce a la conception modulaire du dispositif, on pourra disposer, en fonction du porteur utilise, de configurations plus ou moins autonomes et donc plus ou moins lourdes, ou avec plus ou moins de connectivite ou de capteurs annexes. La configuration la plus legere sera constituee du seul "etage imageur" dont une version est, en ce debut 2014, en cours de test. Les premiers prototypes fonctionnels devraient etre realises d'ici la fin de l'annee 2014.
A 200-Mb/s Energy Efficient Transcranial Transmitter Using Inductive Coupling

This paper presents an energy efficient wireless transmitter (TX) for neural implants. It utilizes inductive coupling with de-Q'ed TX inductor to achieve 200 Mb/s throughput. An ultra-low power injection-locked phase lock loop with background frequency calibration generates a clean 200-MHz TX clock from a 10-MHz reference. The TX chip is fabricated in TSMC 65-nm CMOS process, and the ${\text{10}} \times {\text{10 mm}}^{2}$ coupled inductors are implemented on two-layer printed circuit boards. A custom receiver is fabricated in the same CMOS process to facilitate measurements. The prototype transceiver achieves 5e-11 bit error rate (BER) over the 11.8-mm-thick skull of an eight-week primordial piglet carcass and <1e-12 BER over 11-mm air gap. The entire TX chip consumes 300 μW from a single 0.5 V supply. The energy efficiency of the TX is 1.5 pJ/b.
The use of conjunctions by children with typical language development O uso das conjunções por crianças com desenvolvimento típico de linguagem

Accepted: June 30, 2015 Study carried out at Centro de Estudos de Linguagem e Fala – CELF, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. 1Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. Financial support: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Conflict of interests: nothing to declare. ABSTRACT
Evidential Value in ANOVA-Regression Results in Scientific Integrity Studies

Some scientific publications are under suspicion of fabrication of data. Since humans are bad random number generators, there might be some evidential value in favor of fabrication in the statistical results as presented in such papers. In case of ANOVA-Regression studies we present the evidential value of the results of such a study in favor of the hypothesis of a dependence structure in the underlying data, which indicates fabrication, versus the hypothesis of independence, which is the ANOVA model assumption. Applications of this approach are also presented.
A High Speed Intelligence Smart Grid System by Using MIMO Channel Capacity

— Smart grid system is the upcoming power control system working as autonomous system by incorporating number of energy resources, two way wire and wireless communication. A reliable operation requires multiple, high-data-rate, two-way communications links among all communicative nodes of smart grid network, which do not exist today, plus powerful computing facilities at the control center. A control signal is generated by number of sensor in real time which is provide to micro computer system and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). Disturbance tracking, communicative on each node and fault awareness is major facing issues of Smart grid which is still in extinct. Large geographic area of earth surfaces is the main reason for getting such problems. In this paper, we used broadcasting by multi-user MIMO system on smart grid network that provides high speed two way communication over large geographical area by adopting cellular network. Such type of Smart grid is capable for accepting real time active user and provide two way autonomous system with high data capacity rate. Each real -time active user with efficient data bit-stream probability and active sensor control signals, MIMO system easily enhance the communication capability of smart grid network.
Fullbore Image Construction of Imaging Logging Based on the Improved Texture Inpainting Method

The image inpainting method based on CriminiciA’s algorithm is slowly complete the image for large blank area. An improved algorithm based on the classic texture synthesis algorithm for image inpainting is proposed for imaging logging inpainting, which is used to generate the fullbore image. Two schemes, the local search method and priority calculation with TV model, are employed in the improved texture synthesis method. Some examples were given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on dealing with fullbore image construction with large blank area and raising efficiency obviously.
Causal pattern inference from neural spike train data

Electrophysiological recordings are a valuable tool for Neuroscience in order to monitor the activity of multiple or even single neurons. Significant insights into the nervous system have been gained by analyses of resulting data; in particular, many findings were gained from spike trains whose correlations can give valuable indications about neural interplay. But detecting, specifying, and representing neural interactions is mathematically challenging. Further, recent advances of recording techniques led to an increase in volume of collected data, which often poses additional computational problems. These developments call for new, improved methods in order to extract crucial information. The matter of this thesis is twofold: It presents a novel method for the analysis of neural spike train data, as well as a generic framework in order to assess the new and related techniques. The new computational method, the Snap Shot Score, can be used to inspect spike trains with respect to temporal dependencies, which are visualised as an information flow network. These networks can specify the relationships in the data, indicate changes in dependencies, and point to causal interactions. The Snap Shot Score is demonstrated to reveal plausible networks both in a variety of simulations and for real data, which indicate its value for understanding neural dynamics. Additional to the Snap Shot Score, a neural simulation framework is suggested, which facilitates the assessment of neural network inference techniques in a highly automated fashion. Due to a new formal concept to rate learned networks, the framework can be used to test techniques under partial observability conditions. In the presence of hidden units quantification of results has been a tedious task that had to be done by hand, but which can now be automated. Thereby high throughput assessments become possible, which facilitate a comprehensive simulation-based characterisation of new methods.
Une nouvelle approche pour la modélisation du profil de l'utilisateur dans les systèmes de filtrage d'information : le modèle de filtre détecteur de nouveauté

In this paper, we present an original mechanism based on a novelty detector filter for modelling user's profile in the context of content-based filtering systems. This filter learns possibly evolving user's need by means of positive and negative user's relevance feedback. An experiment on the behaviour of this filter that has been conduced on a corpus of several thousands of web sites taken from one of the main categories of the open directory DMOZ is also described. This experiment demonstrates the accuracy of our filter both for analyzing user's need and for highlighting useful alternatives for representing this need.