Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A multi-technique approach for user identification through keystroke dynamics

Legitimate user authentication is an important part of the problems related to computer and system security. The maintenance of security becomes even more difficult when an invalid user gets the system access information. The paper presents a suite of techniques for password authentication using neural networks, fuzzy logic, statistical methods, and several hybrid combinations of these approaches. The approaches presented in the paper use typing biometrics of a user, in addition to conventional login information, to identify a user.
Theory of system zones in capillary zone electrophoresis

In the last years, it has been shown that the formation and migration of system zones is an inherent feature of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and that it depends predominantly on the composition of an actual background electrolyte (BGE). In most of the currently used BGEs, the SZs are invisible by the UV absorbance detection system, however, the comigration of SZs with the zones of analytes deteriorates the analytical performance of CZE and may be fatal for its utilization. Therefore, the theoretical predictions of the existence and migration of SZs is of key importance for the expediency of CZE. This is a review of the theoretical treatments of SZs which reveals the origin and the properties of SZs and shows how to cope with them. Also, a table of some typical BGEs is presented where the existence and mobilities of SZs are given.
Whole exome association of rare deletions in multiplex oral cleft families

By sequencing the exomes of distantly related individuals in multiplex families, rare mutational and structural changes to coding DNA can be characterized and their relationship to disease risk can be assessed. Recently, several rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were associated with an increased risk of nonsyndromic oral cleft, highlighting the importance of rare sequence variants in oral clefts and illustrating the strength of family‐based study designs. However, the extent to which rare deletions in coding regions of the genome occur and contribute to risk of nonsyndromic clefts is not well understood. To identify putative structural variants underlying risk, we developed a pipeline for rare hemizygous deletions in families from whole exome sequencing and statistical inference based on rare variant sharing. Among 56 multiplex families with 115 individuals, we identified 53 regions with one or more rare hemizygous deletions. We found 45 of the 53 regions contained rare deletions occurring in only one family member. Members of the same family shared a rare deletion in only eight regions. We also devised a scalable global test for enrichment of shared rare deletions.
Apparatus for induction heating 2.5 kW using a series resonant circuit

A device for induction heating of smaller iron components was designed and constructed. The shape of the work coil was matched to horseshoe heating. Required simplicity and robustness of the device excludes the use of water cooled work coil (made of copper tube) which is mainly used in the applications of induction heating. A HF Litz-wire was used in the construction of the work coil in our solution. A non-tradition conception of the input rectifier with a low DC-link capacity is used. This way a sufficiently high power factor can be achieved without any additional PFC circuit. A double acting inverter using a MOS-FET half-bridge is used for exciting the series resonant tank. The system description of the designed induction heater is presented including some important details.
A Rotative Electrical Impedance Tomography Reconstruction System

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a powerful tool for mapping the conductivity distribution of estimated objects. The EIT system is entirely implemented by electrical technique, so it is a relatively cheap system and data can be collected very rapidly. But it has few commercially medical EIT systems available. This is because impedance image unable to achieve the essential spatial resolution and this technique has an intrinsically poor signal to noise ratio. In this paper, we have developed a high performance rotative EIT system (REIT) for expanding the independent measurements. By rotate the electrodes successive, REIT could change the position of electrodes and acquire more measurement data. This rotative measurement method not only can increase the resolution of impedance images, but also reduce the complexity of measurement system. We hope the improvement of REIT will bring some help in electrical impedance tomography.
The Scholix Framework for Interoperability in Data-Literature Information Exchange

The Scholix Framework (SCHOlarly LInk eXchange) is a high level interoperability framework for exchanging information about the links between scholarly literature and data, as well as between datasets. Over the past decade, publishers, data centers, and indexing services have agreed on and implemented numerous bilateral agreements to establish bidirectional links between research data and the scholarly literature. However, because of the considerable differences inherent to these many agreements, there is very limited interoperability between the various solutions. This situation is fueling systemic inefficiencies and limiting the value of these, separated, sets of links. Scholix, a framework proposed by the RDA/WDS Publishing Data Services working group, envisions a universal interlinking service and proposes the technical guidelines of a multi-hub interoperability framework. Hubs are natural collection and aggregation points for data-literature information from their respective communities. Relevant hubs for the communities of data centers, repositories, and journals include DataCite, OpenAIRE, and Crossref, respectively. The framework respects existing community-specific practices while enabling interoperability among the hubs through a common conceptual model, an information model and open exchange protocols. The proposed framework will make research data, and the related literature, easier to find and easier to interpret and reuse, and will provide additional incentives for researchers to share their data.
A remarkable recurrent nova in M31: Discovery and optical/UV observations of the predicted 2014 eruption

The Andromeda Galaxy recurrent nova M31N 2008-12a had been caught in eruption eight times. The inter-eruption period of M31N 2008-12a is similar to 1 yr, making it the most rapidly recurring system known, and a strong single-degenerate Type Ia supernova progenitor candidate. Following the 2013 eruption, a campaign was initiated to detect the predicted 2014 eruption and to then perform high cadence optical photometric and spectroscopic monitoring using ground-based telescopes, along with rapid UV and X-ray follow-up with the Swift satellite. Here we report the results of a high cadence multi-colour optical monitoring campaign, the spectroscopic evolution, and the UV photometry. We also discuss tantalising evidence of a potentially related, vastly-extended, nebulosity. The 2014 eruption was discovered, before optical maximum, on October 2, 2014. We find that the optical properties of M31N 2008-12a evolve faster than all Galactic recurrent novae known, and all its eruptions show remarkable similarity both photometrically and spectroscopically. Optical spectra were obtained as early as 0.26 days post maximum, and again confirm the nova nature of the eruption. A significant deceleration of the inferred ejecta expansion velocity is observed which may be caused by interaction of the ejecta with surrounding material, possibly a red giant wind. We find a low ejected mass and low ejection velocity, which are consistent with high mass-accretion rate, high mass white dwarf, and short recurrence time models of novae. We encourage additional observations, especially around the predicted time of the next eruption, towards the end of 2015.
Bewertung von Wissenmanagement: Vom Business Case zum Eckpfeiler der Implementierung

Wissensmanagement entwickelte sich in den letzten Jahren zu einem beliebten ManagementWerkzeug. Mit vermehrtem Einsatz steigt auch die Forderung nach einer Quantifizierung des aus Wissensmanagement resultierenden Nutzens. Die in Literatur und Praxis am gängigsten diskutierten Bewertungskonzepte beziehen sich entweder auf die Bewirtschaftung oder Bewertung von intellektuellem Kapital. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Papiers wird ein mögliches Vorgehen zur Bewertung von Wissensmanagement-Aktivitäten mit Hilfe eines Business Case Ansatzes vorgestellt. Ferner wird die Möglichkeit der Umsetzungssteuerung durch eine Überführung der getroffenen Annahmen in Form von Kenngrössen in eine Scorecard diskutiert.
Tramadol for osteoarthritis: a systematic review and metaanalysis.

OBJECTIVE Tramadol is increasingly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) because it does not produce gastrointestinal bleeding or renal problems and does not affect articular cartilage. We sought to determine the analgesic effectiveness, the effect on physical function, the duration of benefit, and the safety of oral tramadol in people with OA. METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central), Medline, Embase, and Lilacs databases up to August 2005. We included randomized controlled trials (RCT) that evaluated the effect of tramadol or tramadol plus paracetamol on pain levels and/or physical function. No language restriction was applied. RESULTS We included 11 RCT with a total of 1019 participants who received tramadol or tramadol/paracetamol and 920 participants who received placebo or active control. Participants who received tramadol reported (1) less pain [-8.5 units on a 0-100 scale; (95% CI -12.0 to -5.0)], a 12% relative decrease in pain intensity; (2) higher degree of global improvement: one of every 6 individuals taking tramadol or tramadol/paracetamol exhibited at least moderate global improvement (95% CI 4 to 9); and (3) improvement in stiffness and function, an 8.5% relative improvement in Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index score, than patients who received placebo. In terms of adverse events, one of every 5 participants who received tramadol or tramadol/paracetamol experienced minor adverse events and one of every eight stopped taking the medication because of adverse events (95% CI 7 to 12) compared to participants who received placebo. CONCLUSION Tramadol or tramadol/paracetamol decreases pain intensity, produces symptom relief, and improves function in patients with OA, but these benefits are small.
Coexpression of Nestin in Neural and Glial Cells in the Developing Human CNS Defined by a Human-Specific Anti-nestin Antibody

The presence of the intermediate filament protein nestin has been the predominant marker used to describe stem and progenitor cells in the mammalian CNS. In this study, a 998-bp fragment in the 3' region of the nestin mRNA was cloned from human fetal brain cells (HFBC). The nucleotide sequence of the cloned cDNA revealed 21 differences with the previously published human nestin sequence, resulting in 17 amino acid changes. A 150-amino-acid fragment derived from the cloned nestin cDNA was coupled to glutathione S-transferase and used as an immunogen to generate a rabbit polyclonal antiserum that selectively detects human nestin. HFBC that proliferated in response to basic fibroblast growth factor incorporated 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine into their nuclei and immunostained for nestin, indicating nestin expression in proliferating CNS progenitor cells. In all cell cultures, nestin costained with the neuroepithelial cell marker vimentin. A small subset of nestin-stained cells (1-2%) immunostained with neuronal marker MAP-2 during the first week and after 4 weeks in culture. However, during the first week in culture, approximately 10-30% of the total cell population of HFBC stained for the glial cell marker GFAP, and nearly all coimmunostained for nestin. After 4 weeks in culture, a subset of GFAP-positive cells emerged that no longer costained with nestin. These results describe nestin expression not only in CNS progenitor cells but also in the cells which were in transition from a progenitor stage to glial differentiation. Collectively, these data suggest a differential temporal regulation of nestin expression during glial and neuronal cell differentiation.
Cluster of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enteritidis infections in the Central African Republic

Salmonella enteritidis strains which are multiply resistant to antimicrobial agents were isolated from the blood of 12 patients hospitalized at the Institut Pasteur of Bangui, Central African Republic, during a 4.5-month period. The lack of gas production in Kligler-Hajna medium initially suggested Salmonella typhi, but isolates were confirmed as unusual S. enteritidis strains. The occurrence of these unique strains in an unusual site of infection may indicate an epidemic due to an unusually invasive and resistant strain of S. enteritidis. Some variation in plasmid profile and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was noted, possibly reflecting antibiotic pressures existing in the Central African Republic. All isolates were of the same bacteriophage lysis pattern, unlike patterns documented for recent U.S. and European isolates of S. enteritidis.
Condition monitoring of mechanical faults in induction machines from electrical signatures: Review of different techniques

Condition monitoring of electric machines is a procedure of increasing importance, as fault tolerant systems are becoming mandatory in many applications. Early diagnosis of faults is a basic pillar in order to achieve full tolerance by the maintenance of faulty parts in electrical machines. As far as electrical drives are concerned, the share of mechanical faults (imbalances, gears and bearings) is very high. The mechanical fault detection is typically based on vibration signals, a robust and effective technique, that is quite invasive and with high latency. Recently, many theoretical and signalbased methods have been investigated for early diagnosis of mechanical faults by electrical machine signals. This paper will review methods for condition monitoring of mechanical faults, with special reference on those based on electrical signals and quite effective also for an early detection: generalized roughness and realistic incipient faults.
Iterative, constrained 3‐D image reconstruction of transmitted light bright‐field micrographs based on maximum likelihood estimation

We present several image reconstruction algorithms for generating three‐dimensional (3‐D) renderings of bright‐field micrographs that are founded on maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) theory. The basic principle of the algorithms is in estimating the values of the optical densities of the specimen. A computer simulation and initial experimental testing of a steepest ascent version of the algorithm is presented. The computer simulation demonstrates that the MLE algorithm has an advantage over previously used inverse filtering techniques in that it partially restores the zeroed Fourier components in the well‐known missing‐cone region. We present 3‐D reconstructions from real biological data to show the potential of the algorithm in practical applications.
Design of a ultra-compact low-power rectenna in paper substrate for energy harvesting in the Wi-Fi band

This paper presents the design of a novel rectenna based on a tapered annular slot and a single-diode rectifier, optimized to operate in the Wi-Fi band and in presence of low input power (Pavs=-15 dBm). In order to obtain a compact layout a double-layer architecture has been considered, according to which the interior metal surface of the annular slot is employed as ground plane for the rectifying circuit placed on the other side of the substrate. As a result, a rectenna with an active area of only 40 × 33 mm2 and an efficiency included between 26.5 and 28% has been obtained. The antenna has been fabricated in paper substrate and tested in the anechoic chamber. Then, the rectifier has been designed and optimized within the Advanced Design System suite. Finally, the rectenna performance has been discussed and compared to the State of the Art (SoA).
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐mediated NF‐κB activation facilitates cellular invasion of non‐professional phagocytic epithelial cell lines by Trypanosoma cruzi

At the site of infection, pro‐inflammatory cytokines locally produced by macrophages infected with Trypanosoma cruzi can activate surrounding non‐professional phagocytes such as fibroblasts, epithelial and endothelial cells, which can be further invaded by the parasite. The effect of secreted soluble factors on the invasion of these cells remains, however, to be established. We show here that two epithelial cell lines become significantly susceptible to the infection by the Y strain of T. cruzi after tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment. The increase in the invasion was correlated with the increasing concentration of recombinant TNF added to cultures of HEK293T or LLC‐MK2 cells. Supernatants taken from PMA‐differentiated human monocytes infected with T. cruzi also increased the permissiveness of epithelial cells to subsequent infection with the parasite, which was inhibited by a TNF monoclonal antibody. Furthermore, the permissiveness induced by TNF was inhibited by TPCK, and led to significant decrease in the number of intracellular parasites, providing evidence that activation of NF‐κB induced by TNF favours the invasion of the epithelial cell lines by T. cruzi through yet an unidentified mechanism. Our data indicate that soluble factors released from macrophages early in the infection favours T. cruzi invasion of non‐professional phagocytic cells.
Spontaneous Endless Loop Tachycardia

Pacemaker‐mediated endless loop tachicardia is usually caused by a P wave displaced from the physiologic position preceding a QRS complex to a time of atrial channel sensitivity after the QRS. Five cases are described of endless loop tachycardia starting after a normally‐timed P wave, either spontaneous and preceding a ventricular stimulus or a P wave produced by an atrial channel stimulus followed by a ventricular stimulus and QRS complex. In each instance, the atrial refractory interval (ARI) was shorter than the retrograde conduction time. In four of the cases, prolongation of the atrial refractory interval after the ventricular event ended the tachycardias. In the fifth, in which the pulse generator could not be so programmed, the ventricular inhibited mode was required.
Expanding Small Corpora to Aid People with Communication Impairment

Difficulties in the communication of people with various movement and cognitive disorders may be alleviated by means of pictorial symbols. Automatic transformation of symbol sequences to natural language is of high importance. Performing this task by defining all valid sentences manually would require a large amount of work. We show that a small initial seed corpus is sufficient, which can be expanded automatically by generating candidate sentences and filtering them using A-gram statistics from a much larger corpus. The method is evaluated on a seed corpus containing dialogues, collected from an English language learning website. The ratio of useful sentences in the expanded corpus is 3-4 times bigger than in the set of unfiltered candidate sentences. We also use a manually constructed corpus for further evaluation. To demonstrate the practical applicability of the method, we have implemented a sentence production prototype that performs the transcription of symbol sequences to natural language. The system produces new and meaningful sentences and thus it can considerably decrease the size of the corpus needed, while it can increase the variability of sentences.
Dynamic High-Speed Knotting of a Rope by a Manipulator

In this paper we suggest an entirely new strategy for the dexterous manipulation of a linear flexible object, such as rope or a cable, with a high-speed manipulator. We deal with a flexible rope as one example of the linear flexible object. The strategy involves manipulating the object at high-speed. By moving the robot at high-speed, we can assume that the dynamic behaviour of the flexible rope can be obtained by performing algebraic calculations of the high-speed robot motion. Based on this assumption, we derive a dynamic deformation model of the flexible rope and confirm the validity of the proposed model. Then we perform a simulation of dynamic, high-speed knotting based on the proposed model. We also discuss the possibility of forming the knot based on a simple analysis model. Finally, we show experimental results demonstrating dynamic, high-speed knotting with a high-speed manipulator.
Attempting to explain heterogeneous HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa: potential role of historical changes in risk behaviour and male circumcision

Background A key conclusion of the Four Cities Study, carried out to explore reasons for heterogeneity in the HIV epidemic between two cities in sub-Saharan Africa with relatively low prevalence (Cotonou and Yaoundé) and two with high prevalence (Kisumu and Ndola), was that differences in biological cofactors outweighed differences in sexual risk behaviours. The authors explore an alternative hypothesis, that risk behaviours were historically higher in the high-prevalence cities. They also investigate the effects of different prevalence of male circumcision on the HIV epidemics in the four cities. Methods A transmission model was fitted to data from the Four Cities Study. Default scenarios included biological cofactor effects on HIV transmission. Counter-factual scenarios were simulated without biological cofactors, with and without higher historical sexual behaviours, and with various rates of male circumcision. Results Simulated adult HIV prevalence in 1997 for the default scenarios was 3.1%, 7.8%, 28.9% and 27.1% in Cotonou, Yaoundé, Kisumu and Ndola, respectively, in line with data. Without biological cofactors, even implausibly high historical levels of risk behaviour in East Africa could not reproduce the observed heterogeneity in the late 1990s. Increasing the proportion of men circumcised in Ndola from 10% to 100% reduced HIV prevalence in 1997 to 7%. Decreasing the proportion circumcised in Yaoundé from 100% to 10% increased HIV prevalence to 26%. Conclusions Differences in male circumcision rates are likely to have played a key role in the heterogeneous spread of HIV across Africa. The effect of circumcision interventions can vary depending on the epidemic setting, with a larger effect in more generalised epidemics.