Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intra-S-Phase Checkpoint Activation by Direct CDK2 Inhibition

ABSTRACT To ensure proper progression through a cell cycle, checkpoints have evolved to play a surveillance role in maintaining genomic integrity. In this study, we demonstrate that loss of CDK2 activity activates an intra-S-phase checkpoint. CDK2 inhibition triggers a p53-p21 response via ATM- and ATR-dependent p53 phosphorylation at serine 15. Phosphorylation of other ATM and ATR downstream substrates, such as H2AX, NBS1, CHK1, and CHK2 is also increased. We show that during S phase when CDK2 activity is inhibited, there is an unexpected loading of the minichromosome maintenance complex onto chromatin. In addition, there is an increased number of cells with more than 4N DNA content, detected in the absence of p53, suggesting that rereplication can occur as a result of CDK2 disruption. Our findings identify an important role for CDK2 in the maintenance of genomic stability, acting via an ATM- and ATR-dependent pathway.
ScanSAR resolution enhancement in bistatic operation

The ScanSAR mode allows imaging of a swath much wider than range ambiguity limits would normally allow but at the cost of degraded cross-range resolution. This degraded cross-range resolution in monostatic configuration can be enhanced in the case of a bistatic configuration with a receiver close to the imaged area by exploiting the sidelobe emissions of the beams illuminating the adjacent subswaths. In this paper, we will assess the feasibility of enhancing the cross-range resolution in ScanSAR modes of spaceborne transmitters and evaluate the impact on the revisit time. A preliminary analysis of the performance of the method on the novel ScanSAR mode, TOPSAR, is provided. (6 pages)
A simple Tenax® extraction method to determine the availability of sediment‐sorbed organic compounds

A simple method to determine the availability of sediment‐sorbed organic contaminants was developed and validated. For 10 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 4 polychlorinated biphenyls, and 9 chlorobenzenes in 6 sediments, we measured the fraction extracted by Tenax® in 6 and 30 h. These fractions were compared with the rapidly desorbing fractions determined by consecutive Tenax extraction. Extraction by Tenax for 30 h completely removed the rapidly desorbing fraction plus some part of the slowly desorbing fraction. The fraction removed after 30 h was about 1.4 times the rapidly desorbing fraction. The fraction extracted by Tenax after 6 h is about 0.5 times the rapidly desorbing fraction for chlorobenzenes (CBs)/polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The rapidly desorbing fraction probably represents the fraction of sorbed organic compound that poses actual risks for transport to (ground) water and determines the uptake by organisms and that can be microbially degraded. Extraction by Tenax for 6 h provides an easy way to address these issues more accurately than does the measurement of total concentrations.
Ultrastructure of motor nerve terminals in the anterior third of wistar rat tongue

The nerve terminals of intrinsic muscular fibers of the tongue of adult wistar rats was studied by using silver impregnation techniques, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) to observe the nerve fibers and their terminals. Silver impregnation was done according to Winkelman and Schmit, 1957 . For TEM, small blocks were fixed in modified Karnovsky solution, postfixed in 1% buffered osmium tetroxide solution, and embedded in Spurr resin. For HRSEM, the parts were fixed in 2% osmium tetroxide solution with 1/15 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at 4°C for 2 h, according to the technique described by Tanaka, 1989 . Thick myelinated nerve bundles were histologically observed among the muscular fibers. The intrafusal nerve fiber presented a tortuous pathway with punctiform terminal axons in clusters contacting the surface of sarcolemma. Several myelinated nerve fibers involved by collagen fibers of the endoneurium were observed in HRSEM in three‐dimensional aspects. The concentric lamellae of the myelin sheath and the axoplasm containing neurofilaments interspersed among the mitochondria were also noted. In TEM, myofibrils, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi's apparatus, and glycogen granules were observed in sarcoplasm. It is also noted that the sarcomeres constituted by myofilaments with their A, I, and H bands and the electron dense Z lines. In areas adjacent to muscular fibers, there were myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers involved by endoneurium and perineurium. In the region of the neuromuscular junction, the contact with the sarcolemma of the muscular cell occurs forming several terminal buttons and showing numerous evaginations of the cell membrane. In the terminal button, mitochondria and numerous synaptic vesicles were observed. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Data‐guided Model Predictive Control Based on Smoothed Contact Dynamics

In this paper, we propose an efficient data‐guided method based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) to synthesize a full‐body motion. Guided by a reference motion, our method repeatedly plans the full‐body motion to produce an optimal control policy for predictive control while sliding the fixed‐span window along the time axis. Based on this policy, the method computes the joint torques of a character at every time step. Together with contact forces and external perturbations if there are any, the joint torques are used to update the state of the character. Without including the contact forces in the control vector, our formulation of the trajectory optimization problem enables automatic adjustment of contact timings and positions for balancing in response to environmental changes and external perturbations. For efficiency, we adopt derivative‐based trajectory optimization on top of state‐of‐the‐art smoothed contact dynamics. Use of derivatives enables our method to run much faster than the existing sampling‐based methods. In order to further accelerate the performance of MPC, we propose efficient numerical differentiation of the system dynamics of a full‐body character based on two schemes: data reuse and data interpolation. The former scheme exploits data dependency to reuse physical quantities of the system dynamics at near‐by time points. The latter scheme allows the use of derivatives at sparse sample points to interpolate those at other time points in the window. We further accelerate evaluation of the system dynamics by exploiting the sparsity of physical quantities such as Jacobian matrix resulting from the tree‐like structure of the articulated body. Through experiments, we show that the proposed method efficiently can synthesize realistic motions such as locomotion, dancing, gymnastic motions, and martial arts at interactive rates using moderate computing resources.
Characterization and reconstruction of VOG noise with power spectral density analysis

Characterizing noise in eye movement data is important for data analysis, as well as for the comparison of research results across systems. We present a method that characterizes and reconstructs the noise in eye movement data from video-oculography (VOG) systems taking into account the uneven sampling in real recordings due to track loss and inherent system features. The proposed method extends the Lomb-Scargle periodogram, which is used for the estimation of the power spectral density (PSD) of unevenly sampled data [Hocke and Kämpfer 2009]. We estimate the PSD of fixational eye movement data and reconstruct the noise by applying a random phase to the inverse Fourier transform so that the reconstructed signal retains the amplitude of the original noise at each frequency. We apply this method to the EMRA/COGAIN Eye Data Quality Standardization project's dataset, which includes recordings from 11 commercially available VOG systems and a Dual Pukinje Image (DPI) eye tracker. The reconstructed noise from each VOG system was superimposed onto the DPI data and the resulting eye movement measures from the same original behaviors were compared.
Faster pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics in trained versus untrained male adolescents.

UNLABELLED Exercise training results in a speeding of pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetics at the onset of exercise in adults; however, only limited research has been conducted with children and adolescents. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to examine VO2 and muscle deoxygenation kinetics in trained and untrained male adolescents. METHODS Sixteen trained (15 +/- 0.8 yr, VO2peak = 54.7 +/- 6.2 mL x kg-1 x min-1, self-assessed Tanner stage range 2-4) and nine untrained (15 +/- 0.6 yr, VO2peak = 43.1 +/- 5.2 mL x kg-1 x min-1, Tanner stage range 2-4) male adolescents performed two 6-min exercise transitions from a 3-min baseline of 10 W to a workload equivalent to 80% lactate threshold separated by a minimum of 1 h of passive rest. Oxygen uptake (breath-by-breath) and muscle deoxygenation (deoxyhemoglobin signal from near-infrared spectroscopy) were measured continuously throughout baseline and exercise transition. RESULTS The time constant of the fundamental phase of VO2 kinetics was significantly faster in trained versus untrained subjects (trained: 22.3 +/- 7.2 s vs untrained: 29.8 +/- 8.4 s, P = 0.03). In contrast, neither the time constant (trained: 9.7 +/- 2.9 s vs untrained: 10.1 +/- 3.4 s, P = 0.78) nor the mean response time (trained: 17.4 +/- 2.5 s vs untrained: 18.3 +/- 2.3 s, P = 0.39) of muscle deoxygenation kinetics differed with training status. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggest that exercise training results in faster VO2 kinetics in male adolescents, although inherent capabilities cannot be ruled out. Because muscle deoxygenation kinetics were unchanged, it is likely that faster VO2 kinetics were due to adaptations to both the cardiovascular system and the peripheral musculature.
An integrated AC drive system using a controlled-current PWM rectifier/inverter link

Two identical 3-phase, bipolar transistor, controlled-current, PWM power modulators are integrated so that one functions as a rectifier and the other as an inverter in an ac drive system. The rectifier input currents maintain near 60 Hz sinusoidal waveforms with unity power factor. Leading power factor option is available. The modulators do not depend on the availability of bidirectional switch elements. Performance as a polyphase induction motor drive under motoring and regenerative braking is reported. The study includes digital simulation of operation as a synchronous motor drive.
Determinants of Non-Disclosure of Intellectual Capital Information in Malaysian IPO Prospectuses

Intellectual capital (IC) relevant information is an important aspect of the reporting process because it complements the conventional financial disclosure in the new economy. It describes the hidden assets of a company especially in the initial public offering (IPO) setting where high information asymmetry exists. This study investigates several variables that may contribute to the relatively low level of IC disclosures in the IPO prospectus using the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian of the Tobit regression models. The sample of this study consists of 112 randomly selected companies seeking a listing in the Bursa Malaysia between 2004 and 2008.The results provide evidence that board size, board independence, leverage and listing board significantly affect the extent of non-disclosure of IC information in a company’s IPO prospectus. Conversely, the study finds no significant association with board diversity, age, size, underwriter and auditor type.
A comparison of a lecture and computer program to teach fundamentals of the Draw-a-Person test.

BACKGROUND Although computer-assisted education has been used to augment education in many areas, there are few studies of programs designed to replace lectures in a medical curriculum. OBJECTIVE To test whether a thoughtfully designed computer program can replace a standard lecture in a pediatrics curriculum while teaching the subject matter equally well. METHODS A computer program was developed to teach the Draw-a-Person developmental test using the multimedia-authoring tool Director. One of us (A.E.C.) tested and modified the program several times during its creation after submitting it to several objective evaluators. Thirty-nine students taking the clinical pediatrics rotation were chosen by month to interact with the program or attend the lecture. All students then scored 3 drawings and assigned them a developmental age according to the Draw-a-Person test rules. Students assigned to the computer program also completed a questionnaire evaluating the program in several subjective areas. A t test for 2 samples assuming equal variance was used to analyze the test results. RESULTS Students receiving the lecture (control group) scored the 3 drawings as 5.43 years (age range, 4.5-8 years), 9.08 years (age range, 7-12 years), and 3.5 years (age range, 2-5 years), respectively. Those using the computer program (study group) scored the 3 drawings as 5.91 years (age range, 5-7 years), 7.68 years (age range, 7-8 years), and 4.34 years (age range, 3-5 years), respectively. The correct answers for the ages were 6, 7.75, and 4.25 years, respectively. A t test for 2 samples assuming equal variance showed that students using the computer program performed better on all 3 drawings (P<.05, P<.02, and P<.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Students using the computer program were more accurate than students attending the lecture when scoring drawings and estimating a developmental age from them. These results support the conclusion that a thoughtfully designed computer program can replace a standard lecture in a pediatrics curriculum.
Immunization Status of Under Two Years Children in Rural Bareilly

To outline the immunization status of rural children, a cross-sectional study was undertaken in the immunization unit of rural health training centre, Dhaura, Department of community medicine, SRMS Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly among children (n = 331) in the age group of 0-24 months belonging to rural areas of the district Bareilly, UP. Parents of 331 children were interviewed using a preformed schedule. Children were labeled as 'completely immunized', or 'incompletely immunized' according to working definitions. Percentages and chi-square test analysis was done for statistical analysis. There were 81 children (24.5%) who were 'completely' immunized and 250 (75.5%) were 'incompletely' immunized. The prevalence of immunization status among male children was more than the female children. On comparing the immunization status of 0-12 months old male (147) and female (143) children with the immunization status of 12-24 months male children (31) and female children (10), it was found that the former group had better immunization status than the latter group, and it was statistically significant. (Chi square=8.97, df=1, p=0.002). The most common reasons for incomplete-immunization (n = 250) were may be lack of knowledge regarding vaccines and schedule, fear of 'injection' busy in profession and low socio economic status. The various factors may be influence the immunization status of rural children needs to be addressed in order to achieve millennium development goal of reducing under-five child mortality.
The Use of and Preferences for the Transesophageal Echocardiogram and Pulmonary Artery Catheter Among Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists

The pulmonary artery catheter (PAC), although widely used in anesthesia for cardiac and vascular surgery, remains controversial. Use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) by cardiovascular anesthesiologists may be a substitute or a preference compared with the PAC, but this has been incompletely investigated. An anonymous, cross-sectional survey was mailed to anesthesiologists in Canada and the United States. Anesthesiologists described their use of the PAC and TEE during cardiac and vascular surgery, along with their demographic characteristics. Two hundred sixty-five (77%) of 345 anesthesiologists responded. All had the PAC available for use, and 56% had TEE available. Only 23 (11% overall) reported having undergone echocardiography training, half of whom had completed fellowships. Both the PAC and TEE were more often used in cardiac valvular surgery (P = 0.0001) than in aortocoronary bypass or abdominal vascular surgery. Among all anesthesiologists, the PAC remained the preferred monitor in either cardiac or vascular surgery (P = 0.0001), although many indicated a preference for neither monitor. Among anesthesiologists with echocardiography training, TEE was preferred (P = 0.0004). We found that TEE was accessible to more than half of the surveyed anesthesiologists in cardiovascular surgery, but relatively few of them had completed formal training in its use. Only those with completed formal TEE training indicated a significant preference for TEE use and also used it frequently. Given the continuing controversy about the appropriate application of the PAC, concern about the appropriate application of TEE is prudent. The PAC remains the more frequently used and preferred monitor among cardiovascular anesthesiologists.
DIMMING AND CO ABSORPTION TOWARD THE AA TAU PROTOPLANETARY DISK: AN INFALLING FLOW CAUSED BY DISK INSTABILITY?

AA Tau, a classical T Tauri star in the Taurus cloud, has been the subject of intensive photometric monitoring for more than two decades due to its quasi-cyclic variation in optical brightness. Beginning in 2011, AA Tau showed another peculiar variation—its median optical though near-IR flux dimmed significantly, a drop consistent with a 4-mag increase in visual extinction. It has stayed in the faint state since. Here we present 4.7 μm CO rovibrational spectra of AA Tau over eight epochs, covering an 11 yr time span, that reveal enhanced 12CO and 13CO absorption features in the Jlow ≤ 13 transitions after the dimming. These newly appeared absorptions require molecular gas along the line of sight with T ∼ 500 K and a column density of log (N 12 CO ? > ) ∼18.5 cm−2, with line centers that show a constant 6 km s−1 redshift. The properties of the molecular gas confirm an origin in the circumstellar material. We suggest that the dimming and absorption are caused by gas and dust lifted to large heights by a magnetic buoyancy instability. This material is now propagating inward, and on reaching the star within a few years will be observed as an accretion outburst.
Canonical correlation based impersonation quality determination algorithm for natural morphed speech

In this article, impersonation experiments were conducted utilizing natural morphed speeches between (/a/-/b/-/a/) and (/a/-/g/-/a/) as stimuli. The sound stimuli are produced utilizing the natural glottal source and morphed linear predictive coding (LPC) filtering coefficients, which represent the vocal tract states. An algorithm has been proposed for determination of impersonation quality based on the redundancies of the canonical variates for the morphed sounds. The redundancy is defined by canonical variate loading factor and corresponding canonical correlation coefficient. The quality of imitated speech for different impersonators is evaluated by applying the proposed algorithm.
Active Learning SVM for Blogs recommendation

I.Introduction In the DH Now website, they try to review a big amount of blogs and articles and find the worth-to-read one as Editor’s Choice in their specific field, and recommend to readers. There are more than 3,000 articles need to be reviewed every month, while only around 20 articles would be selected as Editor’s choice. The “DH now” opened on Sep, 2011. Till Dec, 2012, only 260 were accepted by editors and marked “Editor’s choice”. It would be very time consuming job, with low value, to review all of the articles. Our goal is to find out such blogs using data mining methods. The data we got are all coming from internet. The editors follow more than 150 websites and blogs, and download the blogs and news using RSS reader.
Isolation of benzimidazole resistant strains of Ostertagia circumcincta from British sheep

Two strains of Ostertagia circumcincta were isolated from sheep in Great Britain; one (CVL strain) from a breeding flock maintained at the Central Veterinary Laboratory, the other (H2 strain) from a commercial flock in southern England. Their resistance to benzimidazole anthelmintics was assessed by means of in vitro egg hatch assays and slaughter trials. In vitro egg hatch assays gave calculated ED50 estimates of 0.799 micrograms thiabendazole/ml for the CVL strain and 0.794 micrograms thiabendazole/ml for the H2 strain, compared with ED50 estimates of 0.038 micrograms thiabendazole/m and 0.036 micrograms thiabendazole/ml for two known susceptible strains of O circumcincta. There was a 40.7, 28.4 and 66.9 per cent reduction in the group mean worm burdens of lambs infected with the CVL strain following treatment with thiabendazole, fenbendazole and oxfendazole, respectively, and 23.8, 0.0, 79.6, 52.7, 99.9 and 100 per cent reduction in the group mean worm burdens of lambs infected with the H2 strain following treatment with thiabendazole, fenbendazole, oxfendazole, albendazole, levamisole and ivermectin, respectively. Detailed field histories for both strains are given.
Supplementary Material: Occluded Imaging with Time of Flight Cameras

Suppose there are M virtual sensors that lie within P dimensional space. The m-th virtual sensor is associated with a location in P dimensional space represented as a vector vm ∈ R . The location vectors for all virtual sensors, is denoted as the set {~v1, . , ~vM} ∈ R . From the location of the virtual sensors, we can define the subset V = { ~v1 + span {~vi − ~vj}i 6=j } , shown geometrically in Figure 2. Now, suppose there are N target locations within P dimensional space, with location vectors { ~t1, . ,~tN } ∈ R . Denote W = { ~t1, . ,~tN } to represent the set of target location vectors.
Molecular diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in tropical areas: a comparison of conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction with parasitological methods

This study aimed to evaluate the use of conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis from stool samples in tropical areas. Stool samples were collected from individuals and were determined to be positive for Strongyloides stercoralis (group I), negative for S. stercoralis (group II) and positive for other enteroparasite species (group III). DNA specific to S. stercoralis was found in 76.7% of group I samples by cPCR and in 90% of group I samples by qPCR. The results show that molecular methods can be used as alternative tools for detecting S. stercoralis in human stool samples in tropical areas.
Bisphosphonates: safety and efficacy in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis affects more than 28 million Americans. With the advent of accessible and affordable diagnostic studies, awareness and recognition of this disease by patients and clinicians are growing. Osteoporotic fractures of the spine and hip are costly and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Over the past decade, a surge of new antiosteoporotic drugs have been labeled or are awaiting labeling by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. One class of agents used to treat osteoporosis is the bisphosphonates, which inhibit bone resorption, cause an increase in bone mineral density and reduce the risk of future fractures caused by aging, estrogen deficiency and corticosteroid use. Overall, bisphosphonates have been shown to have a strong safety and tolerability profile.