Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DCM-232 converter: A PV transformerless three-phase inverter

Nowadays transformerless PV converters are widely used in the energy conversion stage of a PV plant, because their good characteristics regarding efficiency, size, cost and weight. The main problem in transformerless PV systems is the common mode voltage variations that can generate leakage ground currents (LGC) through the parasitic capacitance formed between the PV panels and ground. These LGC are a risk for the users in a PV system therefore they should be avoided. The LGC has a clear origin on the pulse width modulation (PWM) strategy and the converter structure. In this paper a three-phase inverter with constant common mode voltage (CMV) is proposed. Simulation results are also provided.
Introduction of the GSI into the NCEP Global Data Assimilation System

Abstract At the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), a new three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) analysis system was implemented into the operational Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) on 1 May 2007. The new analysis system, the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI), replaced the Spectral Statistical Interpolation (SSI) 3DVAR system, which had been operational since 1991. The GSI was developed at the Environmental Modeling Center at NCEP as part of an effort to create a more unified, robust, and efficient analysis scheme. The key aspect of the GSI is that it formulates the analysis in model grid space, which allows for more flexibility in the application of the background error covariances and makes it straightforward for a single analysis system to be used across a broad range of applications, including both global and regional modeling systems and domains. Due to the constraints of working with an operational system, the final GDAS package included many changes.
West Nile Virus in Mosquitoes of Iranian Wetlands.

The West Nile virus (WNV) transmission cycle includes a wide range of migratory wetland birds as reservoirs, mosquitoes as biological vectors, and equines and humans as dead-end hosts. Despite the presence of potential vector species, there is no information about the existence of WNV in mosquito vectors in Iran. The Iranian West Azerbaijan Province is located in the northwestern part of Iran and has borders with Turkey, Iraq, Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan. The current study was conducted to identify the wetland mosquitoes of the West Azerbaijan Province and their infection with WNV. In this study, 2143 specimens were collected, comprising 1541 adults and 602 larvae. Six species belonging to four genera were collected and identified: Anopheles maculipennis sensu lato (s.l.), Culex (Cx.) hortensis, Cx. pipiens s.l. , Cx. theileri, Culiseta longiareolata, and Aedes (Ae.) (Ochlerotatus) caspius. In total, 45 pools of mosquitoes were examined. Two of the adult pools collected from the same location showed the presence of WNV in Ae. (Och.) caspius, from Sangar, Makoo County, as confirmed by PCR and sequencing. Due to the discovery of WNV in the mosquito population of the region, and the presence of wetlands and significant populations of migratory birds, the health sector should carefully monitor the factors involved in the cycle of this disease.
Near-Optimal Clustering in the k-machine model

The clustering problem, in its many variants, has numerous applications in operations research and computer science (e.g., in applications in bioinformatics, image processing, social network analysis, etc.). As sizes of data sets have grown rapidly, researchers have focused on designing algorithms for clustering problems in models of computation suited for large-scale computation such as MapReduce, Pregel, and streaming models. The k-machine model (Klauck et al., SODA 2015) is a simple, message-passing model for large-scale distributed graph processing. This paper considers three of the most prominent examples of clustering problems: the uncapacitated facility location problem, the p-median problem, and the p-center problem and presents O (1)-factor approximation algorithms for these problems running in Õ (n/k) rounds in the k -machine model. These algorithms are optimal upto polylogarithmic factors because this paper also shows Ω (n/k) lower bounds for obtaining poly(n)-factor approximation algorithms for these problems. These are the first results for clustering problems in the k -machine model. We assume that the metric provided as input for these clustering problems in only implicitly provided, as an edge-weighted graph and in a nutshell, our main technical contribution is to show that constant-factor approximation algorithms for all three clustering problems can be obtained by learning only a small portion of the input metric.
Analytic model for halo formation in high current ion linacs.

We construct an azimuthally symmetric 2D model for halo formation in high current ion linacs. The driving term, a breathing'' oscillation caused by a transverse mismatch along the linac, leads to growth of ion amplitudes in the core through the parametric resonance. As the ion amplitude grows, its wave number increases, enhancing the resonance. This leads to the formation of a halo surrounding the core. We explore the dependence of this mechanism on the tune depression and the size of the mismatch. The model agrees well with simulations at Los Alamos, but does not yet include the effects of chaos observed in the simulations as the tune depression becomes severe.
Pathways From Childhood Maltreatment to Emerging Adulthood

Longitudinal survey data were used to examine the relationship between two types of childhood maltreatment, abuse/neglect and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), and two outcomes, substance use and dating violence, within the past year. Participants were youth (N = 158, aged 16–19 at Time 3) involved with child protective services (CPS). A parallel multiple mediator model was used to test the hypothesis that trauma symptoms would mediate the relationship between both types of maltreatment and dating violence, marijuana, and alcohol use outcomes. Although both types of maltreatment were not directly associated with dating violence and substance use outcomes, the indirect effects of anxiety, anger, and dissociation on the relationship between maltreatment and substance use/dating violence were significant. Direct effects of both types of maltreatment on past year use of dating violence + alcohol use and dating violence + marijuana use were not significant, but results demonstrated a significant indirect effect for anger on the relationship between exposure to IPV and past year dating violence + marijuana use. No other indirect effects were significant. Findings highlight the negative effects of exposure to IPV and have implications for the development of prevention programming for youth transitioning out of CPS.
A Family's Beliefs About Cancer, Dying, and Death in the End of Life

The purpose of this case study was to describe the beliefs over time of a Swedish family and individual family members about cancer and death and how these beliefs affected their daily lives. Data were collected over 10 months using interviews, conversations, and diary notations. The beliefs were aggregated into eight main beliefs and four themes: Cancer is a deadly threat/death is a liberator, death can be held at bay/death can be lived near, dying is done alone/dying should not be done alone, and life has an end/life is endless. These beliefs appear to oscillate between seemingly contrasting poles. Some beliefs were shared by all family members, whereas others were described by only one or more members of the family. The complexity of daily life in families experiencing life-shortening illness underscores the need of individualized nursing care with openness to difference and collaboration as guiding principles.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Everolimus: Comparability of Concentrations Determined by 2 Immunoassays and a Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method

Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended to guide therapy with the immunosuppressant everolimus (EVL) in solid organ transplantation to prevent rejections and to limit toxicity. For therapeutic drug monitoring, predose EVL concentrations are measured in whole blood mainly by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, 2 immunoassays [Quantitative Microsphere System (QMS) EVL and Elecsys EVL] are commercially available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparability of EVL results determined with the 2 immunoassays and a validated LC-MS/MS test using samples from kidney, liver, and heart transplant (KT, LT, and HT, respectively) recipients. Methods: Analysis of predose samples from KT (n = 56), LT (n = 60), and HT (n = 59) recipients, obtained at variable time points after transplantation, was performed by LC-MS/MS and with the 2 immunoassays. The QMS EVL assay was applied on Dimension Xpand Plus and the Elecsys EVL assay on cobas e 411 analyzer. Results were compared by the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, unbiased Passing and Bablok linear regression test, and Bland–Altman plot. Results: Results generated with both immunoassays correlated well with those of LC-MS/MS. An overestimation of EVL concentrations by the Elecsys EVL compared with LC-MS/MS was observed (mean bias: 34.2%). Using the QMS EVL, a small but significant negative deviation (mean bias: −8.0%) was found. Looking at KT, HT, and LT samples separately, the bias to LC-MS/MS seen with the Elecsys EVL was similar. With the QMS EVL, the best agreement was observed with the KT samples followed by LT and HT. Conclusions: Results generated by the 3 methods are not consistent regarding their diagnostic value. Both laboratories and manufacturers should take care to inform their costumers about the between-method differences to avoid misinterpretation of the results in clinical practice.
Determinant Attributes in Nursing Home Choice

Abstract The majority of research of nursing home choice focuses on attribute importance. In comparison, this study identifies attributes that determine choice. Utilizing dual-questioning methodology, 177 nursing home decision-makers rated not only the importance of ten attributes to their choice, but also how different they perceived nursing homes to be on those attributes. When compared, determinant attributes were different from importance attributes. Respondents reported that cleanliness, location, and reputation were most determinant in nursing home choice. However, depending on profile characteristics such as income and relationship of the decision maker to the patient, determinant attributes differed. Therefore, profile characteristics influence determinant attributes.
RFID-enabled real-time manufacturing for automotive part and accessory suppliers

Automotive part and accessory manufacturers (APAMs) at the lower tiers of the automotive vertical have been following leading vehicle assemblers in adopting RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and ubiquitous computing technologies, aiming to alleviate their advanced manufacturing systems. RFID-enabled real-time traceability and visibility facilitate the implementation of advanced strategies such as Just In-Time (JIT) lean / responsive manufacturing and mass customization (MC). Being typically small and medium sized, however, APAMs are faced up with business and technical challenges which are summarized by the so-called “three high problems”. They are high cost, high risk and high level of requirement for technical skills. Based on a series of industrial field studies, this paper establishes an innovative service-oriented business model for overcoming the “three high Problems” based on the concept of Product Service Systems (PSS) and RFID gateway technology.
High-Q frequency stable dual-mode whispering gallery sapphire resonator

The design and experimental test of a dual mode high-Q Whispering Gallery (WG) sapphire resonator is presented. Dual mode operation is realized by designing the WGE/sub 7,0,0/ and the WGH/sub 9,0,0/ mode near 9 GHz and separated in frequency by approximately 80 MHz. Design was achieved by implementing finite element software, which is shown to agree very well with measurement, Due to the anisotropy of sapphire, WGH and WGE modes have different temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF). We show that the difference frequency can be used to stabilize the temperature, resulting in a temperature limited frequency stability of better than one part in 10/sup 13/. This type of resonator has the potential to improve substantially the close to the carrier phase noise in current state-of-the-art low noise oscillators.
Accurate Measurement of Active Power of Discharge Lamps

The active power provided to a discharge lamp appears strictly related to its luminous flux, therefore an accurate measurement of the power is required to grant stable lamp operation. A technique is presented to reach a measurement on the power with a relative uncertainty of about 0.01%. The method is based on two commercial digital multimeters with integrating analog to digital converter. The main causes of uncertainty are considered and their contributions are evaluated. The case of a 150 W sodium lamp is considered as an example
Clinical use of physical activity measures

Purpose: To provide a review of physical activity measures and subjective and objective methods of its measurement. Considerations for the use of these measurements in research and practice will be discussed. Data sources: The PubMed, CINAHL, and Health and Psychosocial Instruments databases, and the Centers for Disease Control Web site were searched using the search term “Physical Activity Measurement. ” Conclusions: Physical activity is a lifestyle factor that is a key focus in chronic disease‐related research, prevention, and interventions. Healthy People 2010 set goals of decreasing the prevalence of preventable diseases by encouraging healthier lifestyle patterns. Shifts toward more sedentary lifestyles have resulted in increases in life‐limiting disease states, including obesity, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and osteoporosis. Physical activity measurements have been used widely in research studies but are less commonly used in primary care. Measuring individuals' physical activity levels as part of the health assessment will enhance the provider's ability to engage in health promotion and suggest health protection interventions. The strengths, weaknesses, and potential applications to practice of physical activity measures are summarized in an effort to familiarize nurse practitioners (NPs) with commonly used tools and encourage integration of physical activity assessment into their current practice. Implications for practice: NPs are in an ideal position to promote health by encouraging appropriate amounts of physical activity. Screening, health promotion, and disease prevention are part of the core competencies of NP practice established by the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties. Increased knowledge of physical activity measures will enhance the NP's ability to evaluate relevant physical activity research for use in evidence‐based practice. Incorporation of simple yet appropriate physical activity measurements into practice will expand the NP's ability to identify and thus address sedentary lifestyles in their clientele.
Interoperability and anonymity for ID management systems

Many people provide their personal information for services via internet. Therefore, people would encounter potential danger of exposing personal information and difficulties of managing ID/PW. IDMS is a service helps a user manage ID and PW efficiently and maintain personal information securely. For the development of IDMS, interoperability between IDMS and providing anonymity are necessary. In this paper, we introduce and analysis IDMS and propose the method both authentication and anonymity are provided in IDMS.
Tensor Systems - Multilinear Modeling and Applications

: Tensor systems are a framework for modeling of multilinear hybrid systems with discrete and continuous valued signals. Two examples from building services engineering and multi-agent systems show applications of this framework. A tensor model of a heating system is derived and approximated by tensor decomposition methods ﬁrst. Second, a tensor model of a multi-agent system with a structure already given in a decomposed form is reduced further by the same decomposition methods. The validity of these low rank approximations is shown for both examples.
Standard CMOS voltage multipliers architectures for UHF RFID applications : study and implementation

An analysis of RFID multipliers architectures is presented. An analytic model of classical Mosfet multiplier is given, which permits to determine the main design parameters of this kind of circuit and their impacts on efficiency. Thanks to this study a new architecture is proposed in order to increase efficiency. The two multipliers are designed and implemented in the same standard 0.18 mum CMOS process. Measurements have been done and show functionality of the multipliers and improvement between the architectures.
Gene‐environment interaction tests for dichotomous traits in trios and sibships

When testing for genetic effects, failure to account for a gene‐environment interaction can mask the true association effects of a genetic marker with disease. Family‐based association tests are popular because they are completely robust to population substructure and model misspecification. However, when testing for an interaction, failure to model the main genetic effect correctly can lead to spurious results. Here we propose a family‐based test for interaction that is robust to model misspecification, but still sensitive to an interaction effect, and can handle continuous covariates and missing parents. We extend the FBAT‐I gene‐environment interaction test for dichotomous traits to using both trios and sibships. We then compare this extension to joint tests of gene and gene‐environment interaction, and compare the joint test additionally to the main effects test of the gene. Lastly, we apply these three tests to a group of nuclear families ascertained according to affection with Bipolar Disorder. Genet. Epidemiol. 33:691–699, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Information technology as an enabler for mass customization strategy: Integrating customer and organization

Mass customization is a strategy adopted by organizations in order to offer customized goods and services to customers. The understanding of customers´ preferences and their demands for personalization about one product or service and then translate it to the product design & research team is a key point to make mass customization strategy work. In this context, information technology (IT) can represent a great enabler for mass customization strategy, once it offers a way to create integration between the customer and the organization. This paper presents the findings of a case study that investigated how a company implemented a customer interaction system for its products, analyzing which were the internal impacts of this system, which changes were made in its internal process, in which way the IT enhanced the capacity to offer customized products an how business strategy and IT strategy are aligned.
Physical activity of Canadian children and youth: accelerometer results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey.

BACKGROUND Physical activity is an important determinant of health and fitness. This study provides contemporary estimates of the physical activity levels of Canadians aged 6 to 19 years. DATA AND METHODS Data are from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey. The physical activity of a nationally representative sample was measured using accelerometers. Data are presented as time spent in sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous intensity movement, and in steps accumulated per day. RESULTS An estimated 9% of boys and 4% of girls accumulate 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on at least 6 days a week. Regardless of age group, boys are more active than girls. Canadian children and youth spend 8.6 hours per day-62% of their waking hours-in sedentary pursuits. Daily step counts average 12,100 for boys and 10,300 for girls. INTERPRETATION Based on objective and robust measures, physical activity levels of Canadian children and youth are low.
Design models for service-based software application

Context: The use of a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) offers a new and distinct approach to creating software based applications (SBAs) around the idea of integrating distributed autonomous computing resources. A widely available realisation of an SOA exists in the form of web services. However, to date no standard techniques have emerged for developing SBAs. There is also a lack of consistency in describing the concept itself, and the published literature offers little evidence derived from the experience of developing `real world examples. Aims: The objective of the work described in this thesis was to conduct a series of studies to explore systematically the concept of what constitutes an SOA by using the published literature, to employ this to construct a proof of concept SOA design model based on a real world problem, and in doing so, to investigate how well existing design notations are able to support this architectural style. Method: The research described in this thesis has been conducted in an evolutionary manner by employing a range of empirical methods. A mapping study was performed to investigate how the concept of SOA is interpreted by the research community. Based upon this model of SOA, a participant-observer case study was employed to construct an SOA design model and a use case model for an energy engineering application to demonstrate use for a real world problem. Finally, expert knowledge was employed for evaluation of the case study through the use of walkthroughs. Results: From the mapping study we created an integrated model of what constitutes an SOA for the use with the case study. The case study outcomes include a design for a renewable energy control system together with codified experience of constructing and recording the SOA design model. The experience of employing the walkthrough method for evaluation, and the outcomes of the evaluation are also discussed. Conclusion: From this research we conclude that the SOA research community needs to develop a clearer shared understanding and agreement on the model of what constitutes an SOA and the vocabulary used to describe the SOA concept. This will aid designers to communicate their mental models more effectively and will provide the semantics needed for devising the new notations that this study implies are needed for SBA design. Further, some lessons about SBA design have been derived from the case study experiences.
Early Response of Endothelial Cells to Flow Is Mediated by VE-Cadherin

Endothelial cells are known to respond to flow onset by increasing actin turnover rate. Current models assume that an increase in the actin turnover rate should result in a rise in cell crawling speed. Here we report that confluent endothelial monolayer shows an unexpected behavior: cell crawling speed decreases by ∼ 40% within the first 30 min of flow onset. A drop in crawling speed has not been observed in either subconfluent endothelial cells or in VE-cadherin–deficient cells. We found that flow onset caused an increase in the number of VE-cadherin-GFP molecules in the junctions and elicited changes in the cytoskeleton-associated fractions of α, β -catenins and VE-cadherin. Flow application also increased the strength of interactions of endothelial cells with surfaces coated with recombinant VE-cadherin. These observations suggest that endothelial cell junctional proteins respond to flow transiently by increasing the strength of intercellular attachments early after flow onset and support the view on the active role of intercellular adhesions in mechanotransduction.