Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traumatic Experiences and the Midwifery Profession: A Cross‐Sectional Study Among Dutch Midwives

Introduction Traumatic events that occur in a clinical setting can have long‐lasting adverse effects on persons who are affected, including health care providers. This study investigated the prevalence of work‐related traumatic events, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression among Dutch midwives. Additionally, differences between midwives working in primary care (independently assisting births at home and in birthing centers) and midwives working in secondary or tertiary care (hospital setting) were examined. Finally, this study investigated the support midwives would like to receive after experiencing a work‐related adverse event. Methods A descriptive, cross‐sectional online survey of Dutch midwives was conducted. The respondents completed a questionnaire about demographic and work‐related events, as well as the Trauma Screening Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results The estimated response rate was 23%, with 691 questionnaires eligible for analysis. Thirteen percent of respondents reported having experienced at least one work‐related traumatic event. Among these, 17% screened positive for PTSD, revealing an estimated PTSD prevalence of 2% among Dutch midwives. Clinically relevant anxiety symptoms were reported by 14% of the respondents, significantly more often among midwives working in primary care (P = .014). Depressive symptoms were reported by 7% of the respondents. The desired strategies to cope with an adverse event were peer support by direct colleagues (79%), professional support from a coach or psychologist (30%), multidisciplinary peer support (28%), and support from midwives who are not direct coworkers (17%). Discussion Dutch midwives are at risk of experiencing work‐related stressful or traumatic events that might lead to PTSD, anxiety, or depression. Midwives working in primary care reported higher levels of anxiety compared with their colleagues working in a clinical setting (secondary or tertiary care). Most midwives preferred peer support with direct colleagues after an adverse event, and some could have profited from easier access to seeking professional help. It could be speculated that midwives would benefit from increased awareness about work‐related traumatic events as well as implementation of standardized guidelines regarding support after a traumatic event.
Aircraft safety analysis based on differential manifold theory and bifurcation method

Loss of control (LOC) is considered one of the leading causes of fatal aircraft accidents worldwide. Reducing LOC is critical to improve flight safety. Although it is still vaguely defined, LOC is generally associated with a flight state that is outside the safety envelope, with nonlinear influences of aircraft dynamics and incorrect handling by the flight crew. We have studied how nonlinear factors and pilot operations contribute to LOC. In this study, the stall point and bifurcation point are confirmed using the bifurcation analysis, and the results show that the aircraft will stall when excessive elevator movement is commanded. Moreover, even though there may be an equilibrium state in one of the elevator deflections, the flight state may still be outside the flight safety envelope. When the flight state is near the edge of the flight safety envelope, the strategy to regulate the elevator deflection is super-sensitive, and a slight change in the elevator deflection may contribute to a flight state outside the safety envelope. To solve this issue, the differential manifold theory is introduced to determine the safety envelope. Examples are provided using NASA’s generic transport model.
Productividad acumulada y su relación genética con características reproductivas en hembras Brahman

Objective. Assessment of genetic parameters for accumulative productivity trait (ACP) and genetic correlations with age at first calving (AFC), between calving interval of first and second parity (BCI1) and longevity (LONG). Materials and methods. 8584 Brahman female records were used with an animal model in multi-trait analysis with restricted maximum likelihood method, implemented using the WOMBAT software. The models considered the fixed effects of contemporary group, parity and weaning weight of first calf covariate, the only random effect was the genetic additive direct. Weaning weight (P240) was included to reduce the effect of selection on the estimation of variance components. Results. The heritability estimates were 0.3±0.04, 0.11±0.03, 0.07±0.03 and 0.24±0.04 for AFC, BCI1, LONG and ACP respectively. Correlations between ACP and the other features were moderate to high and favorable. Conclusions. ACP can be included in breeding programs for Brahman, and used as selection criteria for its moderate heritability and genetic correlation with reproductive traits.
Genetic and aggressiveness variation among Sclerotinia sclerotiorum dry bean isolates from Brazil fields = Variação genética e agressividade entre isolados de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum provindos de campos de feijão do Brasil

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , infection of bean fields, has increased in Brazil. Fungicides application is the control strategy used due to lack of cultivars with complete disease resistance. To guide the use of isolates in resistance screening 25 S. sclerotiorum isolates from Brazilian dry bean fields were characterized using microsatellite markers, mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs) and aggressiveness. Microsatellite primer pairs were used to identify polymorphisms among the S. sclerotiorum isolates and MCGs were determined from interaction of all isolates grown side-by-side. Aggressiveness was derived from a straw test where fungal mycelium was placed over a cut bean stem and rated for disease progress. Data from microsatellite profiles grouped the 25 isolates into four clusters and seven MCGs were identified. No association among host cultivar and cluster or MCG of isolates was observed. For MCGs, 57% contained isolates sampled frequently over multiple locations and 43% contained isolates unique to locations. There were significant differences among isolates in aggressiveness within and between MCGs. The most aggressive isolates in resistance screening will be helpful in the identification of higher levels of resistance in bean germplasm/lines.
VEGF Carrying Coatings for Enhanced Vascular Graft Endothelialization

In the general introduction, vascular grafts for the replacement of blood vessels and approaches for their improvement concerning the main problems graft infection, thrombogenicity, and intimal hyperplasia were discussed. A focus was on the special role of endothelial cells in vessel replacement and graft healing after implantation. The approaches for performance improvement of these prostheses were highlighted concentrating on the problems surrounding the endothelialization of the inner vascular graft surface, due to its importance for the long term patency of prostheses. Furthermore, polymers for the potential modification of vascular grafts were introduced describing their relevance in the field of controlled release applications.
SPRYSEC effector proteins in Globodera rostochiensis

Plant pathogens inject so-called effector molecules into the cells of a host plant to promote their growth and reproduction in these hosts. In plant parasitic nematodes, these effector molecules are produced in the salivary glands. The objective of this thesis was to identify and characterize effector molecules produced in the salivary glands of the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis. A combination of cDNA-AFLP and mining of EST-databases resulted in the identification of a large family of effectors named the SPRYSECs. The SPRYSECs essentially consist of a conserved SPRY domain preceded by a signal peptide for secretion. The SPRYSECs are injected into host cells through the oral stylet. A protein structure model of the SPRYSECs indicated that one particular surface of the proteins in the SPRYSEC family was hypervariable and seemed to undergo diversifying selection. This led us to believe that the SPRYSECs are important players in the co-evolution between plant and nematode. Transgenic potato plants overexpressing SPRYSEC-19 appeared to be two- to five-fold more susceptible to infections of nematodes, the fungus Verticillium dahliae, and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). This hypersusceptibility to a range of unrelated plant-pathogens suggests that SPRYSECs somehow suppress the basal defense responses that are controlled by the plant’s innate immunity. SPRYSEC-19 was found to engage in a specific physical interaction with the Leucine Rich Repeat domain of a protein from the CC-NBS-LRR class of resistance genes. Many immune receptors in the plant’s innate immunity belong to the same class of NB-LRR proteins. The host interactor of SPRYSEC19 is most similar to members of SW5 R gene cluster that confers resistance to tospoviruses. Remarkably, plants harboring the CC-NB-LRR interactor of SPRYSEC19 are not resistant to nematodes. Therefore, we hypothesize that the nematode effector SPRYSEC-19 promotes its virulence in susceptible host plants by suppressing basal defense through its interaction with an NB-LRR immune receptor.
Soil-plant relationship in Calluna heathlands after experimental burning and nitrogen fertilization, studies from NW Spain

We studied changes in the relationship between soil nutrient content and plant species richness in Calluna heathlands after seven years of experimental burning (B) and nitrogen fertilization (NF). Our results indicate that both the treatments (B, NF, B+NF) and modification of several soil characteristics (total N, available Na, and C:N ratio) reflected in a significant increase in plant species richness.
Genetic variability in the repeat region of cytotoxin associated gene A of Indian Helicobacter pylori strains and its implication on various acid peptic disorders.

Infection with the cytotoxin associated gene A positive H. pylori strain significantly results in higher grades of gastric mucosal inflammation and has been suggested to modulate several host genes resulting in varied disease outcome. The size and the immunogenicity of CagA protein among the infected subjects varies and is believed to be affected by the variations in the 3’ region of cagA gene. Therefore the present study was designed to investigate the genetic variability of cagA gene of Indian H. pylori isolates and assess its implication on Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase expression and clinical outcome. Size of the cagA gene was assessed in 123 H. pylori isolates by polymerase chain reaction and level of iNOS expression in the gastric tissue was performed using immunofluorescence assay. Complete cagA gene was found in all the H. pylori screened. H. pylori with short cagA were predominant among gastric cancer subjects. iNOS expression was found to be high in patients with short sized cagA gene. In conclusion, we found that variation in the cagA gene was found to be significantly associated with iNOS expression and severity of Gastro Intestinal disease.
Purification and Characterization of a Small Chito-specific Lectin from Datura innoxia Seeds Possessing Anti-microbial Properties

This work carried out in collaboration between both authors. Authors RS and CGS have envisaged the study, designed the protocols and performed the data analysis. Author RS carried out the experiments and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Author CGS checked the analyses and edited the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final form of manuscript. ABSTRACT Aims: To purify and characterize the smallest lectin from Datura innoxia ( Di L9) and to evaluate its antimicrobial application potential. Methodology: Dried Datura seeds were taken as source of lectin and purified using ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatographic techniques. The rabbit erythrocytes were used for the study of hemagglutinating activity. Structural properties were studied using Fluorescence and Circular dichroism spectroscopic methods. The studied lectin was also examined for its antimicrobial activity using agar disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated using microdilution method. Results: The lectin was purified from dried seeds of Datura innoxia . It was characterized as a chito-specific glycoprotein with 4% neutral carbohydrate content and molecular weight of 9 kDa. Circular dichroism and fluorescence studies showed it to be structurally different from other known lectins isolated from Datura . Protein was found to be highly thermostable with sugar binding capacity spread over a broad pH range (1-12), and showed resistance to effects of organic solvents, chemical denaturation and proteolytic digestion. Di L9 also demonstrated antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; however, more effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus with MIC values at 0.325 and 0.15 mg ml -1 , respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the lectin purified from D. innoxia is a glycoprotein and agglutinates pronase treated rabbit erythrocytes. The lectin is highly thermostable with respect to its structure and activity at all denaturing conditions, also showed significant antibacterial activity. This data also supports the fact of its traditional use in folk or alternative medicines for treatment of bacterial infections.
Drinking Water Quality and Occurrence of Giardia in Finnish Small Groundwater Supplies

The microbiological and chemical drinking water quality of 20 vulnerable Finnish small groundwater supplies was studied in relation to environmental risk factors associated with potential sources of contamination. The microbiological parameters analyzed included the following enteric pathogens: Giardia and Cryptosporidium, Campylobacter species, noroviruses, as well as indicator microbes (Escherichia coli, intestinal enterococci, coliform bacteria, Clostridium perfringens, Aeromonas spp. and heterotrophic bacteria). Chemical analyses included the determination of pH, conductivity, TOC, color, turbidity, and phosphorus, nitrate and nitrite nitrogen, iron, and manganese concentrations. Giardia intestinalis was detected from four of the water supplies, all of which had wastewater treatment activities in the neighborhood. Mesophilic Aeromonas salmonicida, coliform bacteria and E. coli were also detected. None of the samples were positive for both coliforms and Giardia. Low pH and high iron and manganese concentrations in some
EFFECT OF PRELIMINARY AND TECHNOLOGICAL TREATMENTS ON THE CONTENT OF CHLOROPHYLLS AND CAROTENOIDS IN KALE (BRASSICA OLERACEA L. VAR. ACEPHALA)

ABSTRACT The level of chlorophylls and carotenoids was measured in fresh kale leaves, and in those after blanching, cooking, freezing, canning or drying. Fresh materials contained 121 mg chlorophylls, 28.1 mg carotenoids and 5.77 mg β-carotene in 100 g fresh matter. Blanching kale leaves did not significantly affect the content of these pigments, while cooking decreased only the level of chlorophylls. The highest losses of chlorophylls and carotenoids occurred in canned kale leaves and the lowest in frozen leaves. After 12-month storage, frozen products contained on average 100 mg chlorophylls and 26.3 mg carotenoids in 100 g fresh matter, while in canned products the above values were 42.1 and 22.1 mg, respectively. The content of chlorophylls and carotenoids in air dried leaves was 646 mg and 158 mg/100 g, respectively. Compared with air-dried leaves, the average levels of chlorophylls and carotenoids in freeze-dried products were 15 and 9% higher, respectively. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Chlorophylls and carotenoids are important components of vegetables because they give specific coloration and, as phytochemicals, show protective activity against a variety of degenerative diseases. The results of the investigation showed that of the processes preceding the actual preservation of kale, a significant loss of total chlorophylls was found only after cooking. The processes involved in the thermal preservation of kale leaves, particularly in an aquatic environment, brought about pronounced losses of chlorophyll pigments. Carotenoid pigments, however, proved more stable. Of the evaluated methods used in the preservation of kale leaves, the least loss of pigment was found after freezing and the greatest after canning. Results of this study would have practical applications in kale processing to obtain a product in which a considerable proportion of chlorophylls and carotenoids contained in raw kale leaves are retained.
Biodiversity and stress response of extremophilic prokaryotes isolated from the Escondida Copper Mine, Chile

Heap bioleaching technology has been successfully applied at an industrial scale for over 30 years, and is generally considered to be the most effective engineering option to bio-process low-grade copper sulfide ores. Heap bioleaching was established at the Escondida mine in Chile in 2006, and culture-independent analysis of liquid samples had previously provided some information of the composition of the indigenous microbial communities. In the current project, six prokaryotes belonging to three bacterial genera and one archaeal genus were isolated from the heap bioleaching plant at Escondida and studies carried out comparing their responses to those of known species and strains of mineraldegrading bacteria to some environmental stress factors, in order to understand how the indigenous microflora are able to successfully colonize and exploit the bioheaps. Stress factors examined including elevated concentrations of heavy metals and osmotic potentials. One of the isolates, identified as a strain of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, was able to grow at more extreme conditions of pH and temperature than reported for most other strains of this species. Copper tolerance observed in a Leptospirillum ferriphilum isolate was found to be comparable with other strains of this important mineral-oxidizing acidophile, and far greater than in strains of other Leptospirillum spp. (L. ferrooxidans and “L. ferrodiazotrophum”), which helps to explain why only L. ferriphilum rather than other species is found in this (and many other) copper bioleach operation, even though the relatively low temperatures might favour other species. Studies carried out on osmotic stress response by several mineral-degrading acidophiles identified the disaccharide trehalose as a major organic osmo-protectant synthesized by several unrelated species of bacteria, including L. ferriphilum, At. ferrooxidans, Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans and Acidiphilium sp. SJH. In contrast, the major organic solute that accumulated within the sulfur-oxidizer At. thiooxidans in response to salt stress was the monosaccharide glucose, together with smaller amounts of proline. Micro-representational difference analysis (MRDA) was used to elucidate the genetic response of a L. ferriphilum isolate to copper-induced and osmotic stress. Data obtained suggested that certain metabolisms related to lipopolysacharide synthesis, transport systems and nucleic acid processing were activated in response to these stress factors.
Efecto del banco de proteina de leucaena en la produccion de leche

Se utilizaron 68 vacas (¾ Holstein x ¼ Cebu) con el objetivo de estudiar el efecto del banco de proteina en una vaqueria de la Empresa Genetica de Matanzas. La unidad conto con un area de 40 ha, de las cuales 8 ha se dedicaron al banco de proteina de Leucaena leucocephala cv. Cunningham, 29 ha de pasto (donde predomino la especie Cynodon nlemfuensis cv. Jamaicano) y 3 ha de cana. La carga utilizada en el sistema fue de 1,7 vacas/ha. Para comparar la produccion de leche se utilizo un modelo matematico con ajuste de la ecuacion de la curva de lactancia que controlo el efecto del bimestre de produccion de leche. Se encontraron diferencias significativas para la produccion de leche en los bimestres del ano y los valores fueron: mayo-junio 4,6 c , julio-agosto 8,1 a ; septiembre-octubre 6,2 b ; noviembre-diciembre 5,8 b ; enero-febrero 5,1 b y marzo-abril 4,1 c L/vaca/dia. El consumo de cana durante el periodo poco lluvioso fue de 15 kg/vaca/dia. El banco de proteina concluyo la evaluacion con una poblacion de 3 200 plantas/ha y un 80 % de pasto mejorado, superior al area de gramineas donde el pasto estrella represento el 61 %. Los resultados sugieren que la utilizacion del banco de proteina en vaquerias comerciales permite obtener producciones de leche entre 4 y 8 L/vaca/dia con una alta persistencia de la leucaena, la cual favorece el valor nutritivo de los pastos con los que se encuentra asociada.
QTL analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in rice seedlings under salt stress.

By employing a recombinant inbred line(RIL) population consisting of 247 lines derived from an indica-indica cross Zhenshan 97B×Milyang 46,a linkage map consisting of 250 DNA markers was constructed for QTL mapping of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under normal conditions and salt stress(0.7% NaCl). Seven QTLs for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(Fo,Fm and ΦPSⅡ) of rice leaf were detected on chromosomes 1,4,5 and 11 under normal conditions and salt stress,explaining 5.98% to 10.74% of phenotypic variations.One QTL for Fm under normal conditions and one QTL for Fo under salt stress were located in the same interval CDO82-RG413 on chromosome 5,indicating the pleiotropism of this region.
DIFERENTES TÉCNICAS DE DIAGNÓSTICO EMPREGADAS NA ESTIMATIVA DE PREVALÊNCIA POPULACIONAL DE INFECÇÃO POR Cryptosporidium felis EM GATOS DOMICILIADOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE ARAÇATUBA, SÃO PAULO

The aim of this work was to compare the diagnostic methods by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) to morphological analysis using the technique of flotation in water-ether followed by modified Kinyoun staining (microscopy) to estimate the shedding rate of Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples of cats domiciled in urban area of municipality of Aracatuba, Sao Paulo State. Zoonotic potential of coccidian isolated in feces was investigated by molecular characterization. A total of 138 stool samples were collected random and proportionally from to cat population in each of the seven census areas belonging to the urban area. There was no disagreement between capture ELISA and microscopy (p = 1.0000) or between nested-PCR and microscopy (p = 0.1094); however, the degree of agreement varied from substantial (Kappa = 0.7948) to moderate (Kappa = 0.4647), respectively, in these diagnostic methods. Specificity of nested-PCR and ELISA capture were similar; however, the nested-PCR showed lower sensitivity, justified by the association between the intensity of the optical density and amplification of 18S rRNA subunit. We detected Cryptosporidium spp. in 9.4% of the samples by at least two diagnostic methods. With the 95% confidence, we estimate that shedding rate of Cryptosporidium oocysts ranged from 4.5% to 14.3% in the feline population of Aracatuba. All isolates sequenced showed 100% similarity with Cryptosporidium felis. We conclude that cats domiciled can contribute to environmental contamination of a municipality, although C. felis is not the primary etiologic agent of cryptosporidiosis in humans.