Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multivariate Subset Autoregressive Modelling with Zero Constraints for Detecting 'Overall Causality' - Financial and Economic Forecasting (Chapter 4)

The necessary and sufficient condition to test for 'overall causality', i.e., the presence of Granger-causality and instantaneous causal relations, in a bivariate and trivariate autoregressive model with recursive form is discussed. It is argued that the conventional AR model (the reduced form AR) is a more straightforward and effective means of testing for 'overall causality'. To detect instantaneous causality it is proposed to select the best subset system in a residual regression system in conjunction with model selection criteria. The Canadian money-income-bank rate system is re-examined in this way and by using a previously proposed algorithm we identify the optimum multivariate subset AR with constraints to detect whether there is 'overall causality' in that system.
Microsoft Word-Probert et al Manuscript_R2.docx

Background: DC-SIGNR, a C-type lectin which promotes infection of pathogens such as HIV, is a promising drug target. Results: Carbohydrate recognition domain of DC-SIGNR is highly dynamic, displaying unique binding modes for individual glycans. Conclusion: More complex, disease-associated glycans have different binding modes than smaller glycans previously studied. Significance: Understanding ligand-binding properties and solution dynamics of DC-SIGNR will facilitate therapeutic design.
A procedure for the classification of eclipsing binaries

A procedure for the automatic classification of eclipsing binaries is presented. The procedure is based on the data from 1029 classified systems and allows for the classification of a given system based on a set of observational parameters, even if the set is incomplete. The procedure is applied to six large surveys of eclipsing variables. About 5300 systems were classified for the first time and can be used for the determination of the astrophysical parameters of their components.
Response time distributions in partially-coherent quantum models for tasks the of

Psychological models for two-choice decision tasks typically model the probabilitythat a particular response is made at time t via the ﬁrst-passage time to an absorbing boundary for some stochastic process. In contrast to the most commonly used models which use classical random walks for the underlying process, a recent paper by Busemeyer, Wang, and Townsend (2006) proposed that quantum walks may provide an interest- ing alternative. In this paper, we extend this work by introduc-ing a class of partially-coherentquantum walk models that can be applied to human two-choice tasks. The models trace out a path from quantum to classical models, preserving some of the desirable features of both. We discuss the properties of these models, and the implications for modeling simple decisions.
Audience, Content, Media: A Literature Review about Factors to Consider When Designing Technology Based Asthma Education Programs for Children Journal of Child & Adolescent Behavior

Childhood asthma is a growing societal problem that causes suffering for children and families. Short of finding a cure, the best way to address this problem is to give children with asthma the resources they need to control their condition. Unfortunately, research and resources for young children with asthma are lacking. The authors hypothesize that an approach using technology based delivery methods to provide age-appropriate education, which promotes self-regulation and includes psychosocial elements, could help children with asthma decrease exacerbations in the short term and establish healthy habits in the long term. To lay the groundwork for the initial investigation of this hypothesis, the authors reviewed the literature for three elements: audience (children with asthma), content (self-regulation and psychosocial elements), and media (mobile technology applications and digital story). Literature was reviewed for children’s beliefs about illness and medication, self-regulation versus self- management, the psychosocial elements of parental support and peer influences, technology and education, clinical computer-based education, electronic educational games, and smartphone applications. The gaps in the literature found regarding these topics point to areas where future research would be instructive for designing effective, technology based applications for children with asthma. To produce the most effective asthma education materials for children, all three elements in this literature review—audience, content, and medium—should be investigated in future research studies.
STIM1, an essential and conserved component of store-operated Ca 2 (cid:1) channel function

tore-operated Ca 2 (cid:1) (SOC) channels regulate many cellular processes, but the underlying molecular components are not well deﬁned. Using an RNA interference (RNAi)-based screen to identify genes that alter thapsigargin (TG)-dependent Ca 2 (cid:1) entry, we discov-ered a required and conserved role of Stim in SOC inﬂux. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Stim in Drosophila S2 cells signiﬁcantly reduced TG-dependent Ca 2 (cid:1) entry. Patch-clamp recording revealed nearly complete suppression of the Drosophila Ca 2 (cid:1) release-activated Ca 2 (cid:1) (CRAC) current that has biophysical characteristics similar to CRAC S current in human T cells. Similarly, knockdown of the human homologue STIM1 signiﬁcantly reduced CRAC channel activity in Jurkat T cells. RNAi-mediated knockdown of STIM1 inhibited TG- or agonist-dependent Ca 2 (cid:1) entry in HEK293 or SH-SY5Y cells. Conversely, overexpression of STIM1 in HEK293 cells modestly enhanced TG-induced Ca 2 (cid:1) entry. We propose that STIM1, a ubiquitously expressed protein that is conserved from Drosophila to mammalian cells, plays an essential role in SOC inﬂux and may be a common component of SOC and CRAC channels.
co-localization for

This article reports a phenotypic and genetic relationship between two water use related traits operating at leaf level and canopy level in a C 4 model crop species. Abstract Mechanistic modeling indicates that stomatal conductance could be reduced to improve water use efficiency (WUE) in C 4 crops. Genetic variation in stomatal density and canopy temperature was evaluated in the model C 4 genus, Setaria. Recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a Setaria italica x Setaria viridis cross were grown with ample or limiting water supply under field conditions in Illinois. An optical profilometer was used to rapidly assess stomatal patterning and canopy temperature was measured using infrared imaging. Stomatal density and canopy temperature were positively correlated but both were negatively correlated with total above-ground biomass. These trait relationships suggest a likely interaction between stomatal density and the other drivers of water use such as stomatal size and aperture. Multiple QTLs were identified for stomatal density and canopy temperature, including co-located QTLs on chromosomes 5 and 9. The direction of the additive effect of these QTLs on chromosome 5 and 9 were in accordance with the positive phenotypic relationship between these two traits. This along with prior experiments suggests a common genetic architecture between stomatal patterning and WUE in controlled environments with canopy transpiration and productivity in the field, while highlighting the potential of Setaria as a model to understand the physiology and genetics of WUE in C4 species. To address these questions, we used a field study of a biparental mapping population developed from an interspecific cross between Setaria viridis (A10) and Setaria italica (B100). The study was designed with the aim of (i) applying rapid, image-based methods for phenotyping stomatal density and canopy water use; (ii) Identifying variation in stomatal patterning, canopy temperature and productivity; (iii) assessing trait relationships between stomatal density, canopy temperature and biomass production; and (iv) identifying quantitative trait loci for these traits in Setaria, grown in the field under wet and dry treatments. This study successfully characterized phenotypic and genetic variation in stomatal density, rates of canopy water use and productivity in Setaria, which can be used as a foundation for future studies to apply systems biology approaches to advance understanding of WUE and drought resistance in C 4 species. Significant trait correlations were detected among stomatal density, canopy temperature and total above-ground biomass both in the wet and dry treatments. densities of RILs in this – mm greater than for faba bean mm and (36 mm
Stakeholder Analysis and Stakeholder Management: A Conceptual Framework for Turkish Forestry

In this study, concepts of stakeholder analysis and stakeholder management have been introduced and evaluated the management of stakeholders’ relationships in stakeholder theory framework in Turkish forestry practices. In accordance with this purpose especially General Directory of Forestry (GDF) and their applications were investigated in respect of stakeholder management strategies in Turkey. Some literature examples have given related to forest stakeholder analysis within the scope of stakeholder theory. Finally, stakeholder analysis and management studies have considered in Turkish forestry. There are offered a set of suggestions in the context of stakeholder theory for the future research.
Testosterone deﬁciency is a cause of anaemia and reduced responsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in men with chronic kidney disease

Background. Hypogonadism or testosterone deﬁciency is a prevalent condition in men with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Testosterone stimulates erythropoiesis via production of haematopoietic growth factors and possible im-provement of iron bioavailability. We hypothesized that testosterone deﬁciency predisposes to anaemia and reduced responsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in CKD men. for age, sex hormone-binding globulin, comorbidities, C-reactive protein and s-albumin was lost after further adjustment for iron medication and hypochromic RBC. Conclusions. Hypogonadism may be an additional cause of anaemia and reduced ESA responsiveness in men with CKD. Our results raise the possibility that restoration of testosterone levels in hypogonadal CKD males may translate into lower prevalence of anaemia and better ESA responsiveness. AbstractBackground. There has been a lack of international consen-sus on the classiﬁcation and the predictive value of the his-topathology ﬁndings in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Recently, the International IgA Nephropathy Network has developed the Oxford classiﬁcation in which four histological variables with the most prognostic importance are identiﬁed (MEST score). Our objective was to validate these ﬁndings and to assess their predictive power in our cohort and to compare them to identiﬁed clinical predictors. Methods. Ninety-nine children with a follow-up time > 5 years were included and investigated with clearances of inulin or iohexol for glomerular ﬁltration rate (GFR), proteinuria and blood pressure at biopsy and during follow-up. Biopsies (90/99) were re-evaluated and scored according to the Oxford classiﬁcation.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Parameter Selection in Genetic Algorithms Parameter Selection in Genetic Algorithms

In this study, we provide a new taxonomy of parameters of genetic algorithms (GA), structural and numerical parameters, and analyze the effect of numerical parameters on the performance of GA based simulation optimization applications with experimental design techniques. Appropriate levels of each parameter are proposed for a particular problem domain. Controversial to existing literature on GA, our computational results reveal that in the case of a dominant set of decision variable the crossover operator does not have a significant impact on the performance measures, whereas high mutation rates are more suitable for GA applications. in the initial population generation crossover
Depression Diagnosis using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder that impacts the quality of life of 300 million people around the world. The complex nature of depression manifestations in patients and the lack of technological advances in the diagnosis process has left a lot of room for improvement in this particular domain. At present, the diagnosis is mainly made by physicians during a conversation comprising the exploration of the symptoms and the diagnostic criteria for depression. Recently, the electroencephalography (EEG) has regained interest as a promising approach to provide bio-markers which are of clinical value in the diagnostic process and for response prediction to therapy. In the present landscape, even the addition of EEG data has resulted in a semi-automated process, where the expert still has to heavily modify the raw data. This adds an
Germanium nanowire field-effect transistors with SiO2 and high-κ HfO2 gate dielectrics

Single-crystal Ge nanowires are synthesized by a low-temperature (275 °C) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Boron doped p-type GeNW field-effect transistors (FETs) with back-gates and thin SiO2 (10 nm) gate insulators are constructed. Hole mobility higher than 600 cm2/V s is observed in these devices, suggesting high quality and excellent electrical properties of as-grown Ge wires. In addition, integration of high-κ HfO2 (12 nm) gate dielectric into nanowire FETs with top-gates is accomplished with promising device characteristics obtained. The nanowire synthesis and device fabrication steps are all performed below 400 °C, opening a possibility of building three-dimensional electronics with CVD-derived Ge nanowires.
Molecular Cloning and Sequences of Lignin Peroxidase Genes of Phanerochaete chi-ysosporium

The genomic clones encoding lignin peroxidase isozyme H8 and two closely related genes were isolated from Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-1767, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. The positions and approximate lengths of introns were found to be highly conserved in all three clones. Analysis of homokaryotic derivatives indicated that the three clones are not alleles of the same gene(s).
Marine Ecosystem Sensitivity to Climate Change Historical observations and paleoecological records reveal ecological transitions in the Antarctic Peninsula region

Mounting evidence suggests that the earth is experienc-ing a period of rapid cli- mate change. Never before has it been so important to understand how environmental change influences the earth's biota and to distinguish anthropogenic change from natural variability. Long-term studies in the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region provide the opportunity to observe how changes in the physical environment are related to changes in the marine ecosystem. Analyses of paleoclimate records have shown that the WAP region has moved from a relatively cold regime between approximately 2700 BP and 100 BP, to a relatively warm regime during the current cen-This
engineering perspective on biocomposites as a solution for a sustainable recovery. Sustainability,

: Composite materials, such as carbon ﬁbre reinforced epoxies, provide more efﬁcient structures than conventional materials through light-weighting, but the associated high energy demand during production can be extremely detrimental to the environment. Biocomposites are an emerging material class with the potential to reduce a product’s through-life environmental impact relative to wholly synthetic composites. As with most materials, there are challenges and opportunities with the adoption of biocomposites at the each stage of the life cycle. Life Cycle Engineering is a readily available tool enabling the qualiﬁcation of a product’s performance, and environmental and ﬁnancial impact, which can be incorporated in the conceptual development phase. Designers and engineers are beginning to actively include the environment in their workﬂow, allowing them to play a signiﬁcant role in future sustainability strategies. This review will introduce Life Cycle Engineering and outline how the concept can offer support in the Design for the Environment, followed by a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of biocomposites throughout their life cycle. with 22% bio-based content, 2 Melting temperature of 100 wt. % bio-based HDPE Brasken SHA7260 min. 94% bio content, interpreted from the differential scanning calorimeter cooling cycle and second heating cycle, 3 Vicat A softening temperature for Biotec Bioplast.
SOUND TEXTURE MODELING: A SURVEY

Sound texture modeling is a widely used concept in computer music, that has its well analyzed counterpart in image processing. We report on the current state of different sound texture generation methods and try to outline common problems of the sound texture examples. Published results pursue different kinds of analysis /re-synthesis approaches that can be divided into methods that try to trans-fer existing techniques from computer graphics and methods that take advantage of well-known techniques found in common computer music systems. Furthermore we present the idea of a new texture generator framework, where different analysis and synthesis tools can be combined and tested with the goal of producing high quality sound examples.
An Association of Insulin Resistance with Numerous of Circulating Microparticles Originated from Endothelial Cells in Cardiac Failure Individuals without History of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The causality role of insulin resistance (IR) in chronic heart failure (CHF) subjects has not determined. The study was conducted to examine a relationship between IR and numerous of circulating endothelial cell-derived microparticles (EMPs) in patients with CHF. Methods: Three hundreds ischemic-induced CHF patients aged 48 to 62 years who underwent multispiral computed tomography angiography or coronary angiography was involved in the study. Ischemic-induced CHF has documented when atherosclerotic stenos is > 50% of at least one coronary artery was presented or previously defined myocardial infarction was reported. Biomarkers were measured at baseline of the study. Circulating EMPs were isolated from peripheral blood and measured using flow cytometry technique. Results: These were not significant differences between patients with and without IR in EMPs labeled as CD144+/CD31+, CD144+/annexin V+, and CD62E+ microparticles. Higher concentrations of CD144+/CD31+/annexin V+ EMPs and CD31+/annexin V+ EMPs were found in IR subjects when compared with none IR patients. Multivariate linear regression analyses has shown HOMA-IR (OR = 1.14, 95% CI=1.08-1.21, P = 0.001), NT-proBNP (OR = 1.07, 95% CI=1.04-1.10, P = 0.001), hs-CRP (OR = 1.04, 95% CI=1.02-1.07, P = 0.001), and NYHA class (OR = 1.03, 95% CI=1.01-1.05, P = 0.001) were predictors for increased CD31+/annexin V+ EMPs. Additionally, HOMA-IR (OR = 1.10, 95% CI=1.05-1.17, P = 0.001), NT-proBNP (OR = 1.08, 95% CI=1.04-1.12, P = 0.001), and NYHA class (OR = 1.05, 95% CI=1.02-1.09, P = 0.001) significantly predicted elevation of CD144+/CD31+/annexin V+ EMPs. C-statistics for Models with HOMA-IR, NYHA class, and CHF biomarkers (hs-CRP, NT-proBNP) as continuous variables reported that adding of combination of these biomarkers to the based model constructed with HOMA-IR did not improve the relative IDI for increased CD144+/CD31+/annexin V+ and CD31+/annexin V+ microparticles. Conclusion: we found that IR was statistically significant predictor for increased apoptotic EMPs labelled as CD144+/CD31+/annexin V+ and CD31+/ annexin V+ microparticles in CHF patients without history of T2DM. We suggest that these findings might reflect an impaired phenotype of circulating EMPs in this patient population. Under Curve; BMI: Body Mass Index; BNP: Brain Natriuretic Peptide; CHF: Chronic Heart Failure; CV: Cardiovascular; EMPs: Endothelial-Derived Microparticles; GFR: Glomerular Filtration Rate; hs-CRP: High Sensitive C-Reactive Protein; HbA1c: Glycated Hemoglobin; HDL-C: High - Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; HFpEF: CHF with Precerved LVEF; HFrEF: CHF with Reduced LVEF; IR: Insulin Resistance; LDL-C: Low - Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; LVEF:
MINIREVIEW Type II Secretion and Pathogenesis

Extracellular secretion of proteins is regarded as a major virulence mechanism in bacterial infection. Proteins destined for the extracellular environment of gram-negative bacteria have to cross two membranes during their journey across the bacterial cell envelope. This involves translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane, which are separated by the periplasmic compartment and the peptidogly-can layer. Several highly specialized pathways have evolved for this purpose. The type II secretion pathway is one such system that is encoded by at least 12 genes and speciﬁcally supports the transport of a group of seemingly unrelated proteins across the outer membrane. In order for these proteins to enter the type II secretion pathway, they have to ﬁrst translocate across the cytoplasmic membrane via the Sec system and then fold into a translocation competent conformation in the periplasm. Proteins secreted by the type II pathway include proteases, cellulases, pectinases, phospholipases, lipases, and toxins. In general, these proteins are associated with destruction of var-ious tissues, which contributes to cell damage and disease. Expression of the genes for these proteins and, in some cases, the secretion genes themselves are under quorum-sensing control or are strictly regulated by the environment at the site of colonization. This type of regulation results in controlled secretion of virulence factors that will only occur when the bacteria have reached their correct location and obtained a critial mass. Species identiﬁed to date as harboring type II secretion genes are members of proteobacteria, and most of them appear to be extracellular pathogens.
Fork head and Sage maintain a uniform and patent salivary gland lumen through regulation of two downstream target genes, PH4 (cid:3) SG1 and PH4 (cid:3) SG2

(HRP) for light microscopy (Reuter et al., 1990) and the following primary antibodies: (cid:3) SG1 (1:15,000, this work), (cid:3) SG2 (1:8,000, this work), (cid:3)(cid:2) gal (1:5000; Promega; Madison, WI) and (cid:3) Fkh (1:1000). Biotin-conjugated secondary antibodies were used at a dilution of 1:500 and signal was ampliﬁed using the Vectastain kit (Vector Laboratories; Burlingame, CA). (cid:2) -gal staining of all reporter constructs from (Fkh) is required to block salivary gland apoptosis, internalize salivary gland precursors, prevent expression of duct genes in secretory cells and maintain expression of CrebA , which is required for elevated secretory function. Here, we characterize two new Fkh-dependent genes: PH4 (cid:3) SG1 and PH4 (cid:3) SG2 . We show through in vitro DNA-binding studies and in vivo expression assays that Fkh cooperates with the salivary gland-specific bHLH protein Sage to directly regulate expression of PH4 (cid:3) SG2 , as well as sage itself, and to indirectly regulate expression of PH4 (cid:3) SG1 . PH4 (cid:3) SG1 and PH4 (cid:3) SG2 encode (cid:3) -subunits of resident ER enzymes that hydroxylate prolines in collagen and other secreted proteins. We demonstrate that salivary gland secretions are altered in embryos missing function of PH4 (cid:3) SG1 and PH4 (cid:3) SG2 ; secretory content is reduced and shows increased electron density by TEM. Interestingly, the altered secretory content results in regions of tube dilation and constriction, with intermittent tube closure. The regulation studies and phenotypic characterization of PH4 (cid:3) SG1 and PH4 (cid:3) SG2 link Fkh, which initiates tube formation, to the maintenance of an open and uniformly sized secretory tube.