Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tailored Graph Embeddings for Entity Alignment on Historical Data

In the domain of the Dutch cultural heritage various data sets describe different aspects of life during the Dutch Golden Age. These data sets, in the form of RDF graphs, use different standards and contain noise in the values of literal nodes, such as misspelled names and uncertainty in dates. The Golden Agents project aims at answering queries about the Dutch Golden ages using these distributed and independently maintained data sets. A problem in this project, among many other problems, is the identification of persons who occur in multiple data sets but under different URI's. This paper aims to solve this specific problem and generate a linkset, i.e. a set of pairs of URI's which are judged to represent the same person. We use domain knowledge in the application of an existing node context generation algorithm to serve as input for GloVe, an algorithm originally designed for embedding words. This embedding is then used to train a classifier on pairs of URI's which are known duplicates and non-duplicates. Using just the cosine similarity between URI-pairs in embedding space for prediction, we obtain a simple classifier with an F½-score of around 0.85, even when very few training examples are provided. On larger training sets, more complex classifiers are shown to reach an F½-score of up to 0.88.
Managing Learning Resource Metadata for Secondary Education

Digital learning resources are becoming increasingly important, especially in times of COVID-19 home schooling. To align resources with educational objectives defined in school curricula, we need ways to describe and relate them. In this work, we present a new data model, a data management workflow and a prototypical information system enabling annotators to describe learning resources using the terminology and structure, while maintaining applicability in other contexts through transcription. Preliminary evaluation results with metadata curators show that our model is well-suited to efficiently model secondary education curricula. Provided that future evaluations with content creators, teachers and learners yield positive results, our model may enable curriculum specific learning analytics, search and recommendation without the need to annotate resources for each curriculum.
Two-dimensional heteronuclear chemical shift correlation spectroscopy in rotating solids

Description de methodes RMN a deux dimensions pour des experiences de correlation de deplacement chimique heteronucleaire dans des solides tournants. Discussion de plusieurs methodes pour un transfert de coherence et des raies de frequence de rotateur qui se produisent durant des experiences a impulsion-multiple/MASS
An Analysis of Confidentiality Issues in Data Lakes

A data lake is a relatively recent technology to maintain and allow access to voluminous and heterogeneous data sources. Governments, large corporations and startups have increasingly considered it for storing useful data and obtain valuable business trends. However, there is still a long evolutionary path related to data lake management, where data security is an open issue. In this paper we investigate confidentiality issues in the context of data lakes, with a focus on authentication and authorization. We apply a systematic review methodology focusing on approaches that provide some technology for authentication and authorization management. In the following, we compare the selected studies w.r. t. the used technologies and we also analyze how they are positioned w.r. t. a reference architecture for a data lake management system. This is the first paper that presents such a kind of analysis for data lakes.
Towards CPS Verification Engineering

While formal verification techniques are inevitable to ensure safety of critical cyber-phyical systems (CPS), engineering techniques to support the design and analysis of such CPS are still in their infancy. Therefore, we take a first step towards the provision of appropriate engineering techniques for CPS verification, by providing an extensive evaluation of the current state of the art, identifying challenges not yet tackled by existing approaches and by proposing a research roadmap intended to pave the way towards a fully supported engineering process for CPS verification models.
Formation of Spherical Micelles in a supercritical Solvent: Lattice Monte Carlo Simulation and Multicomponent Solution Model

We modify Larson's lattice model [Larson, R.G. , Scriven, L.E. and Davis, H.T. (1985). J. Chem. Phys. , 83 , 2411-2420] and use it to study formation of spherical micelles in a supercritical solvent by large-scale Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and by the multicomponent solution model. Carbon dioxide and perfluoroalkylpoly(ethylene oxide) serve as prototypes for the solvent and surfactant, respectively. Larson-model type parameters for carbon dioxide and perfluoroalkylpoly(ethylene oxide) are obtained using experimental values of critical parameters and solubility along with a modified Berthelot combining rule. We perform canonical MC simulations at a supercritical temperature and low surfactant concentrations, varying the number of surfactant head and tail segments and the solvent density. Various properties such as the critical micelle concentration, the aggregate size distribution and the size of the micelles is evaluated. The multicomponent solution model and the simulation results for the aggregate size distribution are then combined to determine the standard state chemical potential for the spherical micelles and the intermicellar interaction; we present a novel approach to model this standard state chemical potential. The implications of these results for the thermodynamics of the formation of the spherical micelles in supercritical solvents are explored.
Activity in perirhinal and entorhinal cortex predicts observer-specific perceived visual similarities between objects

Observers perceive their visual environment in unique ways. How ventral visual stream (VVS) regions represent subjectively perceived object characteristics remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that the visual similarity between objects that observers perceive is reflected with highest fidelity in neural activity patterns in perirhinal and anterolateral entorhinal cortex at the apex of the VVS object-processing hierarchy. To address this issue with fMRI, we administered a task that required discrimination between images of exemplars from real-world categories. Further, we obtained ratings of perceived visual similarities. We found that perceived visual similarities predicted discrimination performance in an observer-specific manner. As anticipated, activity patterns in perirhinal and anterolateral entorhinal cortex predicted perceived similarity structure, including those aspects that are observer-specific, with higher fidelity than any other region examined. Our findings provide new evidence that representations of the visual world at the apex of the VVS differ across observers in ways that influence behaviour.
Pest control strategies after first signs of invasive black rat: case study in the Community of Madrid

Rodents are animals that provoke special concern in the rural and urban areas as may cause potential damage in facilities and infrastructures as well as social alarm. The control of rodent populations is based on prevention and on what it has been called an “Integrated Pest Management” strategy. The most important species affected by this strategy are brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), black rat (Rattus rattus L.) and mouse (Mus musculus). In the present work, our original objective was to monitor changes in status or range of rodent species in the Community of Madrid (Spain). We conducted in coordination with the professional organization of Pest Control Operators “ANECPLA” a procedure designed to obtain faecal samples in locations with rodenticide treatment. Determination of pest specie was based on cytochrome b (cytb) sequences and phylogenetic analysis. We received samples from a variety of locations in which a rodenticide treatment was applied due to infestation or to citizen notice. While we recorded a number of data about the distribution of brown rat the presence of black rat was unexpectedly discovered. The detection of this species implies changes in pest control strategies to improve the results in the application of rodenticides available in the market. Key Message Rodent pest control is a key issue but little is known about Spanish populations. We aimed to know how many rat species there are in Central Spain, specifically in the Community of Madrid. We found for the first time the presence of black rat and a new wild strain of brown rat in this area. These findings have change the strategies of rodent treatment and stresses the importance of population studies for a better control.
The Reliability, Validity and Normative Scores of the Bene-Anthony Family Relations Test for Use With Arab Children

Background: The Bene-Anthony Family Relations Test (BAFRT) is one of the most widely used measures of family dynamics seen from a child’s perspective. However, the most common issue surrounding this test is the lack of accurate normative scores for use with non-white ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the BAFRT’s reliability and validity for use with Arab children, as well as to provide normative data for this group. Methods: The BAFRT was translated into Arabic and back-translated to ensure accuracy. The test was administered to a cohort of 394 Arab children, consisting of both cognitively normal children (n = 269) and children diagnosed with a psychological disorder (n = 125), all aged 5–8 years old. Test-retest reliability was assessed using a sub-set of children and validity was tested against clinical status as well as CBCL and SDQ measures. Normative measures were calculated after examining the impact of influencing variables such as age and gender. Results: Statistical analyses showed that in our cohort of Arab children the BAFRT has good test-retest reliability, correlates well with measures of emotional and behavioral adjustment, and discriminates accurately between clinical and non-clinical children. Age, gender, and clinical status all significantly impacted upon BAFRT scores and therefore normative values are presented from our cohort when considering these variables. Conclusion: The normative scores we present will provide researchers and clinicians an appropriate reference point for the comparison of scores from Arab children and a starting point for future research into this area.
MicroRNAs and Natural Compounds Mediated Regulation of TGF Signaling in Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is with rising incidence in male population globally. It is a complex anomaly orchestrated by a plethora of cellular processes. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling is one of the key signaling pathways involved in the tumorigenesis of PCa. TGF-β signaling has a dual role in the PCa, making it difficult to find a suitable therapeutic option. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediated regulation of TGF-β signaling is responsible for the TGF-ß paradox. These are small molecules that modulate the expression of target genes and regulate cancer progression. Thus, miRNAs interaction with different signaling cascades is of great attention for devising new diagnostic and therapeutic options for PCa. Natural compounds have been extensively studied due to their high efficacy and low cytotoxicity. Here, we discuss the involvement of TGF-ß signaling in PCa with the interplay between miRNAs and TGF-β signaling and also review the role of natural compounds for the development of new therapeutics for PCa.
In vivo proximity labeling identifies cardiomyocyte protein networks during zebrafish heart regeneration

Strategies have not been available until recently to uncover interacting protein networks specific to key cell types, their subcellular compartments, and their major regulators during complex in vivo events. Here we apply BioID2 proximity labeling to capture protein networks acting within cardiomyocytes during a key model of innate heart regeneration in zebrafish. Transgenic zebrafish expressing a promiscuous BirA2 localized to the entire myocardial cell or membrane compartment were generated, each identifying unique proteomes in adult cardiomyocytes that became altered during regeneration. BioID2 profiling for interactors with ErbB2, a co-receptor for the cardiomyocyte mitogen Nrg1, implicated Rho A as a target of ErbB2 signaling in cardiomyocytes. Blockade of Rho A during heart regeneration, or during cardiogenic stimulation by the mitogenic influences Nrg1, Vegfaa or Vitamin D, disrupted muscle creation. Our findings reveal proximity labeling as a useful resource to interrogate cell proteomes and signaling networks during tissue regeneration in zebrafish.
Targeted delivery of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ inhibitor to restore organ function in sepsis through dye-functionalized lipid nanocarriers

Jaundice, the clinical hallmark of infection-associated liver dysfunction, reflects altered membrane organization of the canalicular pole of hepatocytes and portends poor outcomes. Mice lacking phosphoinositide 3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ) are protected against membrane disintegration and hepatic excretory dysfunction. However, they exhibit a severe immune defect that hinders neutrophil recruitment to sites of infection. To exploit the therapeutic potential of PI3Kγ inhibition in sepsis, a targeted approach to deliver drugs to hepatic parenchymal cells without compromising other cells, in particular immune cells, seems warranted. Here we demonstrate that nanocarriers functionalized through DY-635, a fluorescent polymethine dye and a ligand of organic anion transporters can selectively deliver therapeutics to hepatic parenchymal cells. Applying this strategy to a murine model of sepsis, we observed PI3Kγ-dependent restoration of biliary canalicular architecture, maintained excretory liver function, and improved survival without impairing host defense mechanisms. This strategy carries the potential to expand targeted nanomedicines to disease entities with systemic inflammation and concomitantly impaired barrier functionality. One-Sentence Summary Dye-functionalized liposomes allow delivery of a PI3Kγ inhibitor to hepatocytes to resolve sepsis-related liver failure without ‘off-target’ effects on immunity. Graphical Abstract Targeting PI3Kγ in hepatocytes by dye-functionalized liposomes to resolve sepsis-related liver failure without ‘off-target’ effects on immunity.
Rhizobacteria From Root Nodules of an Indigenous Legume Enhance Salinity Stress Tolerance in Soybean

Soybean is the most widely grown legume worldwide, but it is a glycophyte and salinity stress can decrease its yield potential up to 50%. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to enhance growth and induce tolerance to abiotic stresses including salinity. The aim of this study was to isolate such PGPR from the root nodules of Amphicarpaea bracteata, a North American relative of soybean. Isolated strains were identified, and 15 strains were screened for potential utilization as PGPR of soybean through a series of greenhouse trials. Four isolates that greatly improved shoot and root growth were further selected and screened under a range of salt concentrations. Two of the most promising strains, Rhizobium sp. SL42 and Hydrogenophaga sp. SL48 were ascertained to exert the greatest beneficial effects on soybean growth and salinity tolerance. They were co-inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum 532C (Bj) and the plants were grown up to the harvest stage. The treatment of Bj+SL42 resulted in higher shoot biomass than the control, 18% at the vegetative stage, 16% at flowering, 7.5% at pod-filling, and 4.6% at harvest and seed weight was increased by 4.3% under salt stress (ECe = 7.4 ds/m). Grain yield was raised under optimal conditions by 7.4 and 8.1% with treatments Bj+SL48 and Bj+SL42+SL48, respectively. Nitrogen assimilation and shoot K+/Na+ ratio were also higher in the co-inoculation treatments. This study suggested that inoculation with bacteria from an indigenous legume can induce stress tolerance, improve growth and yield to support sustainability, and encourage ecological adaptability of soybean.
Evolution of irreversible somatic differentiation

A key innovation emerging in complex animals is irreversible somatic differentiation: daughters of a vegetative cell perform a vegetative function as well, thus, forming a somatic lineage that can no longer be directly involved in reproduction. Primitive species use a different strategy: vegetative and reproductive tasks are separated in time rather than in space. Starting from such a strategy, how is it possible to evolve life forms which use some of their cells exclusively for vegetative functions? Here, we developed an evolutionary model of development of a simple multicellular organism and found that three components are necessary for the evolution of irreversible somatic differentiation: (i) costly cell differentiation, (ii) vegetative cells that significantly improve the organism’s performance even if present in small numbers, and (iii) large enough organism size. Our findings demonstrate how an egalitarian development typical for loose cell colonies can evolve into germ-soma differentiation dominating metazoans.
A Hiatus Obscures the Early Evolution of Modern Lineages of Bony Fishes

About half of all vertebrate species today are ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii), and nearly all of them belong to the Neopterygii (modern ray-fins). The oldest unequivocal neopterygian fossils are known from the Early Triassic. They appear during a time when global fish faunas consisted of mostly cosmopolitan taxa, and contemporary bony fishes belonged mainly to non-neopterygian (“paleopterygian”) lineages. In the Middle Triassic (Pelsonian substage and later), less than 10 myrs (million years) after the Permian-Triassic boundary mass extinction event (PTBME), neopterygians were already species-rich and trophically diverse, and bony fish faunas were more regionally differentiated compared to the Early Triassic. Still little is known about the early evolution of neopterygians leading up to this first diversity peak. A major factor limiting our understanding of this “Triassic revolution” is an interval marked by a very poor fossil record, overlapping with the Spathian (late Olenekian, Early Triassic), Aegean (Early Anisian, Middle Triassic), and Bithynian (early Middle Anisian) substages. Here, I review the fossil record of Early and Middle Triassic marine bony fishes (Actinistia and Actinopterygii) at the substage-level in order to evaluate the impact of this hiatus–named herein the Spathian–Bithynian gap (SBG)–on our understanding of their diversification after the largest mass extinction event of the past. I propose three hypotheses: 1) the SSBE hypothesis, suggesting that most of the Middle Triassic diversity appeared in the aftermath of the Smithian-Spathian boundary extinction (SSBE; ∼2 myrs after the PTBME), 2) the Pelsonian explosion hypothesis, which states that most of the Middle Triassic ichthyodiversity is the result of a radiation event in the Pelsonian, and 3) the gradual replacement hypothesis, i.e. that the faunal turnover during the SBG was steady and bony fishes were not affected by extinction events subsequent to the PTBME. Based on current knowledge, hypothesis three is favored herein, but further studies are necessary to test alternative hypotheses. In light of the SBG, claims of a protracted diversification of bony fishes after the PTBME should be treated with caution.
Two contrasting mediodorsal thalamic circuits target the medial prefrontal cortex

At the heart of the prefrontal executive and limbic networks is the mediodorsal thalamus (MD). Despite the importance of MD in a broad range of behaviors and neuropsychiatric disorders, virtually nothing is known about the physiology of neurons in MD. Here, we injected the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult (8 – 12 week old) male and female wildtype mice. We prepared acute brain slices and used current clamp electrophysiology to measure and compare the intrinsic properties of the neurons in MD that project to mPFC (MD→mPFC neurons). MD→mPFC neurons are located predominantly in the medial (MD-M) and lateral (MD-L) subnuclei of MD. We found that that MD-M→mPFC neurons have longer membrane time constants, higher membrane resistance, less Hyperpolarization and Cyclic Nucleotide gated (HCN) channel activity, and more readily generate action potentials compared to MD-L→mPFC neurons. Additionally, MD-M→mPFC neurons have larger and more complex dendritic arbors compared to MD-L→mPFC neurons. These data demonstrating that the two populations of MD→mPFC neurons have distinct physiologies and morphologies suggests a differential role in thalamocortical information processing and potentially behavior.
Partners in Sickness and in Health? Relationship-Centered Veterinary Care and Self-Educated Pet Owners in Germany: A Structural Equation Model

In recent years, the web has become a widely used source for health information. Pet owners seem to respond to the supply of medical information on the Internet by increasing their self-education. However, after more than a decade of the digital revolution, little is known about the Internet's impact on the veterinarian-pet owner relationship. Recent research has raised concerns regarding the increase in self-education among pet owners. However, reasons suggest that the Internet might be a valuable source of pet-owner education for veterinarians. In particular, relationship-centered approaches of care might benefit from the information provided. Our study aimed to determine the perception of German veterinarians with regard to pet owners' self-education on different aspects of veterinary care. An online survey was conducted for German veterinarians from November 2016 to June 2017. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Within the structural equation model, we evaluated how the veterinarians' attitude toward relationship-centered care might affect the evaluation of pet owners' self-education. A total of 585 valid questionnaires were completed. The majority of veterinarians (83.6%) welcomed the principles of shared decision-making. Practically, all veterinarians reported a noticeable increase in pet owners' self-education within the last few years. Perceptions on self-education's impacts on veterinary practice varied among the participants. A beneficial impact of self-education was reported regarding the general quality of veterinary care and quality of follow-up care. Most concerns were related to a negative impact on the veterinarian-pet owner relationship and the pet owners' demands on the veterinarians' work after self-education. Moreover, many participants were afraid that unfiltered information may unsettle pet owners and, therefore, advised them against self-education. The structural equation model confirmed the hypothesis that a veterinarian's positive attitude toward shared decision-making, empathic behavior, and his/her evaluation of self-education were associated. Therefore, we concluded that while there are beneficial potentials, there seem to be barriers that prevent the effective use of the Internet as a supportive medium in veterinary care. Further research and training are needed to enable the use of the Internet as an ancillary medium.