Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Technology-Based Psychological Interventions for Young Adults With Early Psychosis and Cannabis Use Disorder: Qualitative Study of Patient and Clinician Perspectives

Background The persistence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) in young adults with first-episode psychosis (FEP) is associated with poor clinical and functional outcomes. Face-to-face psychological interventions are effective in treating CUD. However, their use in early intervention services (EISs) for psychosis is inconsistent because of barriers, including high workload and heterogeneity in training of clinicians and lack of motivation for treatment among patients. Tailoring new technology-based psychological interventions (TBPIs) to overcome these barriers is necessary to ensure their optimal acceptability. Objective The aim of this study is twofold: to explore psychological intervention practices and intervention targets that are relevant for treating CUD in individuals with early psychosis and to explore factors related to the development and implementation of a technology-assisted psychological intervention. Methods A total of 10 patients undergoing treatment for FEP and CUD in EISs participated in a focus group in June 2019. Semistructured individual interviews were conducted with 10 clinicians working in first-episode clinics in the province of Québec, Canada. A hybrid inductive-deductive approach was used to analyze data. For the deductive analysis, we used categories of promoting strategies found in the literature shown to increase adherence to web-based interventions for substance use (ie, tailoring, reminders, delivery strategies, social support, and incentives). For the inductive analysis, we identified new themes through an iterative process of reviewing the data multiple times by two independent reviewers. Results Data were synthesized into five categories of factors that emerged from data collection, and a narrative synthesis of commonalities and differences between patient and clinician perspectives was produced. The categories included attitudes and beliefs related to psychological interventions (eg, behavioral stage of change), strategies for psychological interventions (eg, motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoeducation, stress management), incentives (eg, contingency management), general interest in TBPIs (eg, facilitators and barriers of TBPIs), and tailoring of TBPIs (eg, application needs and preferences, outcome measures of interest for clinicians). Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive portrait of the multifaceted needs and preferences of patients and clinicians related to TBPIs. Our results can inform the development of smartphone- or web-based psychological interventions for CUD in young adults with early psychosis.
SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS DURING UMBILICAL AND PARAUMBILICAL HERNIA REPAIR: POSSIBLE OR NECESSARY?

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the possibility and effectiveness of simultaneous surgical interventions in umbilical and paraumbilical hernia repair. PATIENTS AND METHODS Material and methods: 148 case histories were analyzed concerning patients who were routinely admitted to the surgical department of the Kharkiv Regional Council's Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise «Regional Clinical Hospital» between 2017 and 2019, and who underwent umbilical and paraumbilical hernia repair simultaneously with operations related to some other surgical pathology (group 1, n = 67) or in separate interventions (group 2, n = 81). All patients were routinely operated after a set of mandatory and additional general clinical, laboratory and instrumental research conducted in accordance with the existing guidelines. The structure and results of surgical interventions related to the underlying disease and simultaneous operations were studied. RESULTS Results: Simultaneous operations were performed for comorbid cholecystolithiasis, diaphragmatic esophageal hernia with gastroesophageal reflux, inguinal hernia, white line hernia, benign diseases of the uterus and uterine appendages et al. The frequency of complications and recurrences of hernia in patients with simultaneous and isolated of umbilical hernia repair did not differ significantly. The outcome of the operation mostly depended on the method of operation (postoperative complications were most often observed in open sutures repair and were absent in laparoscopic hernia repair). Additional risk factors were weight gain and diabetes. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Summarizing the data obtained, it can be concluded that application of modern endovideoscopic techniques in surgery makes simultaneous surgical interventions not only possible but also necessary in the presence of concomitant abdominal pathology that requires surgical treatment.
Tetracyanoquinodimethane Derivatives of Pentagonal Bipyramidal Complexes of Manganese(II), Iron(II), Nickel(II) and Copper(II) with 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis(semicarbazone)∶ Single Crystal Structure of dichloro[2,6-diacetylpyridinebis (semicarbazone)] Manganese(II)monohydrate

By using the donor ligand 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis(semicarbazone) (DAPSC), pentagonal bipyramidal complexes of Mn(II), Fe(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) have been obtained. The structure of [MnCl2(DAPSC)]·H2O has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Further reactions of these complexes with lithium salts of 7,7',8,8'-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) yielded their corresponding adducts.
Transcriptome analysis of placentae reveals HELLP syndrome exhibits a greater extent of placental metabolic dysfunction than preeclampsia

ABSTRACT Objective: The association between HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia has been investigated with conflicting conclusions. This study is to investigate the pathogenesis underlying these two diseases by analyzing placental transcriptome. Methods: The gene expression profile downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database was analyzed by R language. Results: A total of 573 differentially expressed genes in HELLP syndrome and 358 in preeclampsia were identified, among which 295 were unique to HELLP syndrome. Some metabolism-associated pathways were uniquely enriched in HELLP syndrome. Conclusions: HELLP syndrome exhibits a greater extent of placental metabolic dysfunction than preeclampsia, although these two diseases might share partial pathogenesis
Comparative anatomy of the hepatobiliary systems in quail and pigeon, with a perspective for the gallbladder-loss

Although the gallbladder is one of the characteristic component of the vertebrate body, it has been independently lost in several lineages of mammals and birds. Gallbladder loss is a widely reported phenomenon; however, there have been few descriptive comparisons of entire hepatobiliary structures between birds with and without a gallbladder. Here, we discuss the evolution of avian hepatobiliary morphology by describing the gross anatomy of the hepatobiliary system in the quail and pigeon. Quails have two major extrahepatic bile ducts: the right cystic-enteric duct, which has a gallbladder, and the left hepatic-enteric duct, which does not. Together with two pancreatic ducts, they share one opening to the ascending part of duodenum. Pigeons lack a gallbladder, but also have two extrahepatic ducts similar to those of quails. However, the hepatic-enteric duct opens solely to the descending part of the duodenum close to the stomach. The pancreatic duct opens to the very posterior part of the duodenum independent from the biliary tracts, giving rise to three separate openings in the duodenum. The hepatobiliary anatomy of the pigeon represents a highly derived condition not only because of gallbladder loss. Avian gallbladder loss may be related to remodeling of the entire hepatobiliary system, and may have occurred via a different mechanism from that of mammals, which can be explained simply by the disappearance of the gallbladder primordium.
Protocol for a systematic review on the role of the gut microbiome in paediatric neurological disorders.

INTRODUCTION The gut-brain axis refers to the bidirectional communication that occurs between the intestinal tract and central nervous system. Through a series of neural, immune, endocrine and metabolic signalling pathways, commensal microbiota are able to influence central nervous system development and neurological function. Alterations in gut microbiota have been implicated in various neuropathologies. The purpose of this review is to evaluate and summarize existing literature assessing the role of specific bacterial taxa on the development of neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative pathologies of childhood. We will also discuss microbiota-based therapies dietary interventions and their efficacy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search PubMed, Cochrane Library and OVID electronic databases for articles published between January 1980 and February 2021. A search method involving two rounds of reviewing the literature using a three-step method in each round will be performed. Two researchers will be selected, and screen titles and abstracts independently. The full text of selected articles will be assessed against inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted and evaluated using the appropriate Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Findings from this study will be shared across relevant paediatric neurology and gastroenterology societies and submitted for peer-review. This study did not require institutional ethics approval.
A rapid multiple immunofluorescence method for the simultaneous detection of CD20 and CD3 in canine and feline cytological samples

CD20 and CD3 are considered reliable markers for B and T cells, respectively. This study aimed to develop a rapid multiple immunofluorescence (RMIF) method for the detection of CD20 and CD3 on a single cytology slide. Air-dried smears were prepared using samples collected from dogs (n=26) and cats (n=6). Immunosignal detection using the newly developed method required 60 min. Clear immunosignals for CD20 and CD3 were detected in 24 of 26 samples in dogs and in all 6 cats. As the RMIF (CD20/CD3) method can detect markers of both B and T cells simultaneously on a single cytology smear, it would be an efficient tool for the immunophenotyping of canine and feline lymphoma samples.
Is academic research and publishing still leaving developing countries behind?

ABSTRACT In this short commentary, the author reflects on his experience working with researchers from developing nations and argues that it is the professional responsibility of those researchers privileged by conducting research in a developed, English-speaking nation to pursue collaboration with researchers in more disadvantageous positions. As noted in a recent article from Matthews et al., researchers from developing countries experience tremendous barriers to identifying collaborators and publishing in top research journals. This commentary notes that researchers from developed countries have both humanitarian and symbiotic rationales for seeking international collaborations with researchers from developing countries. These relationships support the growth of research fields and help deconstruct a western hemispheric hegemony present in much of existing research approaches and thought and publishing practices.
Employment outcomes and job satisfaction of international public health professionals: What lessons for public health and COVID‐19 pandemic preparedness? Employment outcomes of public health graduates

Abstract The profile of public health professionals (PHPs) and COVID‐19 preparedness is assessed against the employment outcomes (EO), precarious employment (PE), and job satisfaction (JS) of the European Public Health Master programme alumni. The study is descriptive, cross‐sectional, conducted from May‐October 2020. A survey was developed to assess the EO, PE and JS. Participants were recruited by email. SPSS statistics 26 version was used to perform descriptive analysis. A total of 189 PHPs participated (65% response) with majority women (66%), the mean age was 36 years. Participants were employed (80%), in non‐governmental organisations (20%), and academia (19%). Common employment positions were managerial (37%) and consultancy (18%). Majority of PHPs were exposed to PE (81%), the most frequent elements were ‘temporary employment’ (54%), and ‘the lack of labour union’ (53%). The JS of PHPs was ‘satisfied’. A blend of scientific public health knowledge and interpersonal competencies, reforms in current employment conditions, development of professional entities to safeguard PHPs' rights, and continuous investment in public health is necessary for PHPs to strengthen COVID‐19 pandemic preparedness. Furthermore, monitoring and evaluation of EO and JS are crucial to prepare PHPs according to the needs of the employment market and to be aware of PHPs' needs.
Scattering diagnostics of low-temperature plasmas (Rayleigh scattering, Thomson scattering, CARS)

Diagnostics of low-temperature plasmas suitable for plasma processing applications using light scattering techniques is a research field of growing importance. The three scattering diagnostic techniques discussed in this paper may be applied to a variety of industrially used thermal and nonthermal plasma processing techniques. These methods are nonintrusive with high temporal and spatial resolution and could help to analyse the absolute composition of a plasma, where as many species as possible in different excitation and ionization states should be included. They furthermore deliver information about the energy of particles under investigation, their temperature, density and fluxes. The scattering theory in random media is summarized very briefly and this approach is applied to Rayleigh and Thomson scattering. The difference between incoherent and coherent scattering is figured out. A short overview over the process of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and an introduction into experimental techniques is given, which are required to detect Rayleigh, Thomson and CARS signals from a plasma. Finally, applications of these three diagnostic techniques to miscellaneous plasma experiments are shown.
Two variations and one similarity in memory functions deployed by mice and humans to support foraging

Assessing variations in cognitive function between humans and animals is vital for understanding the idiosyncrasies of human cognition and for refining animal models of human brain function and disease. We determined memory functions deployed by mice and humans to support foraging with a search task acting as a test battery. Mice searched for food from the top of poles within an open arena. Poles were divided into groups based on visual cues and baited according to different schedules. White and black poles were baited in alternate trials. Striped poles were never baited. The requirement of the task was to find all baits in each trial. Mice’s foraging efficiency, defined as the number of poles visited before all baits were retrieved, improved with practice. Mice learnt to avoid visiting unbaited poles across trials (long-term memory) and revisits to poles within each trial (working memory). Humans tested with a virtual reality version of the task outperformed mice in foraging efficiency, working memory, and exploitation of the temporal pattern of rewards across trials. Moreover, humans, but not mice, reduced the number of possible movement sequences used to search the set of poles. For these measures, interspecies differences were maintained throughout the 3 weeks of testing. By contrast, long-term memory for never-rewarded poles was similar in mice and humans after the first week of testing. These results indicate that human cognitive functions relying on archaic brain structures may be adequately modelled in mice. Conversely, modelling in mice fluid skills likely to have developed specifically in primates requires caution.
The Demographics and Epidemiology of Infantile, Juvenile, and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in a Southern California Integrated Health Care System

This retrospective study, assessing the incidence and demographics of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) in children, showed that Asians and non-Hispanic whites have a higher odds ratio of IS and higher incidences compared to Hispanics. IS incidence in females was more than double that in males. Adolescent IS incidence was 393 per 100,000. Study Design. Prognostic study, Level III. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and demographics of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) in a large cohort of children in a Southern California integrated healthcare system, and to identify the demographic or clinical factors associated with the greatest risk of IS. Summary of Background Data. Although many authors have reported on the incidence and prevalence of IS in children, there have been few incidence studies in the United States on large, self-contained populations. Methods. A retrospective chart analysis was done on diagnosed cases of IS within our integrated health care system in patients under age 18 years during the entire 2013 calendar year. Patient demographics were recorded and the incidence of IS was determined. Odds ratios (ORs) for having IS and for having more severe initial curve magnitudes based on demographics were determined using logistic regression models. Results. IS Incidence was 3.9, 28.6, and 393 per 100,000, respectively, for the infantile, juvenile, and adolescent group. The female incidence was more than twice that of males in all age groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed Asians and non-Hispanic Whites had the highest OR of IS (OR 1.54 and 1.32 with 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–1.79 and 1.19–1.47). Whites, Blacks, and mixed-race patients had a significantly higher initial curve magnitude than Hispanics; females also had a significantly greater initial curve magnitude than boys (18.1° vs. 16.7°). Underweight patients had a 50% increased OR of IS versus normal weight (95% CI 1.16–1.94) with a progressively decreased OR of IS as weight increased. Conclusion. Our study of a large integrated healthcare system sheds light on the incidence of IS and the ORs based on weight, sex, and ethnicity/race. The overall incidence was lower overall than previously thought. Level of Evidence: 3
Structure and optical properties of Mg‐doped ZnO nanoparticles by polyacrylamide method

Mg‐doped ZnO (MgxZn1‐xO) nanoparticles with precise stoichiometry are synthesized through polyacrylamide polymer method. Calcination of the polymer precursor at 650 °C gives particles of the homogeneous solid solution of the (MgxZn1‐xO) system in the composition range (x < 0.15). ZnO doping with Mg causes shrinkage of lattice parameter c. The synthesized MgxZn1‐xO nanoparticles are typically with the diameter of 70–85 nm. Blue shift of band gap with the Mg‐content is demonstrated, and photoluminescence (PL) from ZnO has been found to be tunable in a wide range from green to blue through Mg doping. The blue‐related PL therefore appeared to be caused by energetic shifts of the valence band and/or the conduction band of ZnO. MgxZn1‐xO nanoparticles synthesized by polyacrylamide‐gel method after modified by polyethylene glycol surfactant have a remarkable improvement of stability in the ethanol solvent, indicating that these MZO nanoparticles could be considered as the candidate for the application of solution–processed technologies for optoelectronics at ambient temperature conditions.
Insomnia Severity and Degree of Dysfunction: What Is to Be Learned When These Domains are Discordant?

ABSTRACT Objective/Background Illness severity and resultant dysfunction are often linearly related and tightly coupled (concordant). Some percentage of individuals, however, exhibit discordant associations (high illness severity and low dysfunction [HL] or low illness severity and high dysfunction [LH]). In the present study, a sample of subjects with insomnia complaints were evaluated to determine what percentage of subjects exhibited discordant associations. Participants Archival data were drawn from a community-based sample (n = 4,680; 61.8% female; Ages 18–105). Methods Median splits were calculated for illness severity and daytime dysfunction and each individual was typed as High (H) or Low (L) for the concordant (HH and LL) and discordant domains (HL and LH). Results Given this typology, 61% were classified as concordant and 39% were classified as discordant. Of these, 38% were sub-typed as HH, 23% as LL, 26% as LH, and 13% as HL. Conclusions We propose that some of the discordance may be ascribable to a mismatch between sleep need and sleep ability. Those “who need a lot, may suffer a lot, in the face of only a little (LH)”, whereas those “who need a little, may suffer only a little, in the face of a lot (HL)”.
Cassava yield response to sources and rates of potassium in the forest-savanna transition zone of Ghana

The response of cassava yield to two sources of potassium (K) fertilizer–muriate of potash (KCl) and sulfate of potash (K 2 SO 4 ) was studied on a savanna Ochrosol in the forest-savanna transition zone of Ghana. The crop received basal applications of 60 kg of nitrogen (N)/ha and 60 kg of phosphorus (P)/ha in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Levels of K were 0, 30, 60, 90 kg K/ha for the two sources. Results indicated that K fertilizer was necessary for achieving higher yields in cassava. The higher response of cassava to K was irrespective of the source. Although sulfate of potash generally produced higher figures than muriate, there were no significant differences between the two K sources. Mean responses to KCl treatments relative to control were 124% in stover and 84% in tuber weights. Responses to K 2 SO 4 treatments were 128% in stover and 79% in tuber weights. Significant differences existed between the K treatments and the controls (including the NP treatment). Cassava did not show a significant response to NP treatments, likely to be due to the absence of K, confirming the importance of K in cassava nutrition. A minimum of 30 kg K/ha in the presence of N and P (i.e., 60–60–30 kg NPK/ha) was found to be enough to produce a significant response of cassava at the site with very low inherent soil fertility .
Not just a methane source: Amazonian floodplain sediments harbour a high diversity of methanotrophs with different metabolic capabilities

The Amazonian floodplain forests are dynamic ecosystems of great importance for the regional hydrological and biogeochemical cycles and function as a significant CH4 source contributing to the global carbon balance. Unique geochemical factors may drive the microbial community composition and, consequently, affect CH4 emissions across floodplain areas. Here, we report the in situ composition of CH4 cycling microbial communities in Amazonian floodplain sediments. We considered how abiotic factors may affect the microbial community composition and, more specifically, CH4 cycling groups. We collected sediment samples during wet and dry seasons from three different types of floodplain forests, along with upland forest soil samples, from the Eastern Amazon, Brazil. We used high‐resolution sequencing of archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA genes combined with real‐time PCR to quantify Archaea and Bacteria, as well as key functional genes indicative of the presence of methanogenic (mcrA) and methanotrophic (pmoA) microorganisms. Methanogens were found to be present in high abundance in floodplain sediments, and they seem to resist the dramatic environmental changes between flooded and nonflooded conditions. Methanotrophs known to use different pathways to oxidise CH4 were detected, including anaerobic archaeal and bacterial taxa, indicating that a wide metabolic diversity may be harboured in this highly variable environment. The floodplain environmental variability, which is affected by the river origin, drives not only the sediment chemistry but also the composition of the microbial communities. These environmental changes seem also to affect the pools of methanotrophs occupying distinct niches. Understanding these shifts in the methanotrophic communities could improve our comprehension of the CH4 emissions in the region.