Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Polymer to Ceramics: Low Cost Manufacturing of Ceramic Matrix Composite Materials

Abstract A cost efficient manufacturing route for ceramic matrix composites (CMC) has been developed by DLR. Starting with a carbon fibre reinforced plastic composite and converting the matrix from carbon to silicon carbide via the reaction with liquid silicon, CMC materials of high mass specific properties and of excellent thermal shock resistance can be achieved. Taking advantage of the simplicity of the process and the low raw material costs, C/C-SiC composites offer a wide range of possible applications. Very complex C/C-SiC structures have already been realized and demonstrate the transferability of the material's characteristics from samples to real components. Within industrial cooperation, C/C-SiC materials are being developed as aerospace hot structures and as friction materials for weight saving brake construction. Further prospective products like jet vanes or heat exchangers show new applications where C/C-SiC composites are attractive alternatives to conventional materials.
COVID-19 infodemic on Chinese social media: A 4P framework, selective review and research directions

During the outbreak of the COVID-19 (2019 coronavirus disease), misinformation related to the virus spread rapidly online and have led to serious difficulties in controlling the disease. The term infodemic is coined to outline the bad effect from the extensive dissemination of misinformation during the outbreak. With regards to this phenomenon, the World Health Organization emphasized the need to fight against infodemic and asked all countries not only to make efforts in slowing down the spread of the COVID-19 but also in countering the risk caused by infodemic. Due to its negative impact, this paper analyzes infodemic on Chinese social media at the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak and presents a 4P framework standing for the four features of Chinese infodemic: Prevention Attention, Problem Orientation, Patterns Interaction and Points Globalization. Furthermore, a selective review of existing datasets in the neural networks domain is synthesized based on the 4P framework. Finally, research directions, including recommendations, about constructing a large-scale dataset for Chinese infodemic automatic detection are proposed.
Physical Properties of Bi-Based Rhodium Oxides with RhO2 Hexagonal Layers

We have synthesized polycrystalline samples of (Bi1-xPbx)1.8Sr2Rh1. 6Oy (x=0, 0.1, 0.2) by solid-state reaction. This compound is the first synthesized misfit oxide without cobalt. The obtained X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that this compound has the same structure as the thermoelectric oxide Bi2Sr2Co2Oy. The thermopower and the resistivity are 125 µV/K and 0.47 Ωcm at room temperature, respectively. We have further prepared polycrystalline samples of Bi1.8Ba2Rh1. 9Oy, and have found that the thermopower and resistivity of Bi1.8Ba2Rh1. 9Oy are 86 µV/K and 19 mΩcm at room temperature, respectively. These data are comparable to those of the thermoelectric Co oxides.
Interventions in the Subsoil in the Netherlands —Tension between Central Planning and Local Acceptance

Subsoil interventions in the Netherlands, such as gas and oil extraction, thermal energy extraction or CO2-storage, cause tensions. Planning leads to local resistance, debate and often delay or cancelling of initiatives. The central characteristics of this planning are the main cause. As the transition to sustainable energy asks for more interventions in the subsoil, these tensions get problematic, and hinder the transition. In this article, we investigate this problematic nature of central public planning of subsoil interventions in the Netherlands. We do this by using a network management perspective and local acceptance theory and researching two cases. We conclude that a more prominent role of local actors, using localism and soft power, is crucial. With this article, we want to contribute to national and international discussions about the planning and governance of subsoil initiatives and strengthening of local involvement in these.
IT Adoption and Sustainable Growth of Firms in Different Industries—Are the Benefits Still Expected?

This study uses data from the Korea business activity survey panel from 2008 to 2016 to examine the effects on the sustainable growth of firms that initially adopted Information Technology (IT) applications during 2010 to 2012 compared to those that did not. The effects are examined for four years after adoption and divided into areas such as sales, labor productivity, profitability, increases in male and female employment, wages, and exports. Because the effects of IT adoption are known to vary greatly depending on the industry, the manufacturing industry is divided into traditional, medium-tech, and hi-tech manufacturing, and the service industry is divided into the materials service and information service sectors; the effects on each sector are then observed. In addition, the propensity score matching methodology is used to overcome selection bias arising from a simple comparison between firms that began using IT and firms that did not. The results show that, although there was little impact on productivity, there were impacts on sales and employment and large differences were found between the industrial sectors.
Land Reform in the Era of Global Warming—Can Land Reforms Help Agriculture Be Climate-Smart?

In an era of global warming, long-standing challenges for rural populations, including land inequality, poverty and food insecurity, risk being exacerbated by the effects of climate change. Innovative and effective approaches, such as Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA), are required to alleviate these environmental pressures without hampering efficiency. In countries with unequal distribution of land, where issues of access to and use of land rank high on the policy agenda, policymakers are confronted with the challenge of implementing interventions such as land reforms, whilst endeavouring to ensure that sustainable agriculture approaches be adopted by farm-households. The aim of this study is to investigate how land reforms can provide an opportunity for policymakers, particularly in lower-income countries, to enhance not only equity and efficiency but also environmental sustainability. In particular, this study builds on an extensive review of the theoretical and empirical literature and employs a conceptual framework analysis method to develop and describe a framework that explores how land reforms can be associated with the CSA approach. The resultant “Climate Smart Land Reform” (CSLR) framework contains four driving pillars, namely land redistribution, tenure reform, rural advisory services and markets and infrastructure. The framework disentangles relevant channels through which land reform, via its four pillars, can foster CSA adoption and thus contribute to the attainment of sustainable increases in agricultural productivity, climate change adaptation and climate change mitigation. The framework also includes relevant channels through which more ‘traditional’ objectives of land reformers, including economic, social and political objectives, can be achieved. In turn, the (partial) attainment of such objectives would lead to improvements in agroecological and socioeconomic conditions of rural areas and populations. These improvements are considered within the framework as the ‘ultimate’ objective of land reformers. The CSLR framework represents an innovative way of conceptualising how land reforms can generate beneficial effects not only in terms of equity and efficiency but also of environmental sustainability.
Weighted kurtosis-based VMD and improved frequency-weighted energy operator low-speed bearing-fault diagnosis

The diagnosis of low-speed bearing faults remains a challenging issue because background noise is often present and the impulse signal is prone to being masked. In this paper, we propose a low-speed bearing-fault diagnosis method using weighted-kurtosis variational-mode decomposition and an improved frequency-weighted energy operator (IFWEO). First, the raw signal is decomposed using VMD, and WK is employed to select the optimum intrinsic mode function to reconstruct the signal. The reconstructed signal carries abundant fault information. Second, a third-order cumulant method is introduced to improve the FWEO, and this method is able to strengthen the signal impulse and enhance the fault features. The IFWEO is able to effectively reduce the effects of noise. Third, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulation and engineering experiments, and the results show that the method presented here is able to accurately diagnose low-speed bearing faults.
S-PLACE GA for optimal water quality sensor locations in water distribution network for dual purpose: regular monitoring and early contamination detection – a software tool for academia and practitioner

Security concerns about water distribution networks (WDNs) have led to increased interest in optimizing sensor locations in WDNs achieved through a calibrated hydraulic model. This paper presents a methodology, which consists of two stages. The first stage consists of calibration of a hydraulic model using a genetic algorithm (GA). A real-life network of one of the hydraulic zones of Nagpur city, India, is considered, which optimizes the settings of a throttled controlled valve at different timings for calibration. In this stage, a detailed case study, GA calibration model, methodology and results of calibrated models are discussed. The second stage consists of identifying optimal sensor locations using a newly developed software tool named ‘S-PLACE GA’ and its efficiency and effectiveness are discussed. It can be used for the dual purpose of routine monitoring of water quality and for early detection of contamination. The optimal locations are obtained considering two objective metrics, ‘Demand Coverage’ and ‘Time-Constrained Detection Likelihood’. These two objectives are combined into a single objective by using weights. Key features, input data required for the software and their applications on (1) BWSN network 1 and result comparison with others and (2) calibrated model of the first stage are discussed. Results showed the effectiveness of S-PLACE GA for practical applications.
The Impact of Climate Change on the High Water Levels of a Small River in Central Europe Based on 50-Year Measurements

Climate change affects many elements of the natural environment and strongly influences the hydrology of rivers. In this study, we investigated trends in temperature, precipitation, and the water level characteristics in the small lowland river Lebiedzianka in northeastern Poland for the 50 year long period of observations (1970–2019). We recorded significant increase in air temperature and potential evapotranspiration, but the annual sum of precipitation did not change. We found significant downward trends for annual runoff. The results show a steady decrease in the number of days with high water levels. These changes caused by global warming will have a strong impact on forest habitats associated with high water levels and periodic inundations. In Europe, many of these precious habitats are protected under the Natura 2000 network as sites of high heritage value; nevertheless, their sustainability will be at risk due to the ongoing changes in their hydrological regime.
Character Education in Madrasah Mu’allimin Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Character education becomes the main focus of the Indonesian pedagogy sector. Along with the national goal of education, Madrasah Mu’alliminMuhammadiyah Yogyakarta existed as an institution that focuses on building the character of its students. This research aims to describe the ongoing pedagogy practices in Madrasah Mu’allimin. This research is using a qualitative approach.The result of this study shows that character-building becomes one of the primary objectives, along with education and religion. Each form of activity in school or dormitories intended to enhance the character development of the students. The designated schedule carefully arranged by the teachers, straight down for each day. Hopefully, this arrangement would be accustomed to the students when they are graduating from school. The character development from Madrasah Mu’allimin could prepare the students to become a valuable human being for the society, nation, and country.
Sedimentary grain-size record of Holocene runoff fluctuations in the Lake Lugu watershed, SE Tibetan Plateau

Changes in moisture conditions or precipitation in the SE Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene have been studied using various environmental archives and proxies. However, due to different interpretations of the proxies and records, the pattern of Holocene precipitation/moisture variations in the region remains unclear. A lake-sediment-based reconstruction of runoff variations, which can directly and sensitively reflect changes in precipitation, provides the opportunity to reconstruct the evolution of moisture conditions in the SE Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene. In this study, we used a well-dated sediment core (LGH2) from Lake Lugu, a deep alpine lake charged mainly by precipitation on the lake surface and by runoff from the watershed, to reconstruct variations in runoff during the Holocene. In addition, 70 lake surface sediment samples were collected to examine the spatial variation of grain size. Endmember modeling analysis of the grain-size data was used to characterize the processes of sediment transport and runoff fluctuations. The carbonate content of core LGH2 shows that the lake level was generally high during 11,600–3100 cal years BP, and that the lake basin was closed after 3100 cal years BP and semi-closed since 90 cal years BP. Grain-size endmember EM 3, which represents the runoff input clastic materials, is used to reconstruct runoff fluctuations in the Lake Lugu watershed. The record indicates a gradual increase in runoff during 11,600–9000 cal years BP, stable and high runoff during 9000–2000 cal years BP, and weak runoff and a low lake level since 2000 cal years BP. Our reconstruction of runoff fluctuations tracks changes in regional temperature and tropical SSTs rather than in boreal summer insolation. This finding supports the hypothesis that increasing tropical SSTs strengthened ITCZ convection which enhanced the flux of water vapour from the ocean to the air, and hence the moisture supplies to SW China.
Cooperative Interaction between the Three Strands of a Designed Antiparallel β-Sheet

We describe the de novo design and characterization of a three stranded antiparallel β-sheet (peptide 1−24) and investigate the interplay between the two sets of weak interactions that occur at the interfaces between strands 1 and 2, and strands 2 and 3. We show by CD and NMR that peptide 1−24-folds into a three stranded sheet in aqueous methanol, and that the folded conformation of the C-terminal hairpin is more highly populated than the isolated β-hairpin (peptide 9−24). Both peptides have sigmoidal melting curves but a much broader transition is observed for the hairpin which also has a lower Tm (278K versus 298K); fitting to a two-state model gives the thermodynamic parameters for folding, which in both cases is enthalpy-driven. At 298K the three stranded sheet is ≈ 50% populated, while only ≈20% of the hairpin is folded. Despite a relatively small difference in stability between the sheet and hairpin, the former appears to have a much better defined structure in terms of both interstrand main chain a.
High-fidelity imaging through multimode fibers via deep learning

Imaging through multimode fibers (MMFs) is a challenging task. Some approaches, e.g. transmission matrix or digital phase conjugation, have been developed to realize imaging through MMF. However, all these approaches seem sensitive to the external environment and the condition of MMF, such as the bent condition and the movement of the MMF. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the high-fidelity imaging through a bent MMF by the conventional neural network (CNN). Two methods (accuracy and Pearson correlation coefficient) are employed to evaluate the reconstructed image fidelity. We focus on studying the influence of MMF conditions on the reconstructed image fidelity, in which MMF for imaging is curled to different diameters. It is found that as an object passes through a small bent diameter of the MMF, the information of the object may loss, resulting in little decrease of the reconstructed image fidelity. We show that even if MMF is curled to a very small diameter (e.g. 5 cm), the reconstructed image fidelity is still good. This novel imaging systems may find applications in endoscopy, etc.
Retrieval Practice: Beneficial for All Students or Moderated by Individual Differences?

Retrieval practice is a learning technique that is known to produce enhanced long-term memory retention when compared to several other techniques. This difference in learning outcome is commonly called “the testing effect”. Yet there is little research on how individual differences in personality traits and working memory capacity moderate the size of the retrieval-practice benefits. The current study is a conceptual replication of a previous study, further investigating whether the testing effect is sensitive to individual differences in the personality traits Grit and Need for Cognition, and working memory capacity. Using a within-subjects design (N = 151), participants practiced 60 Swahili–Swedish word pairs (e.g., adhama–honor) through retrieval practice and re-studying. Learning was assessed at three time points: five minutes, one week, and four weeks after practice. The results revealed a significant testing effect at all three time points. Further, the results showed no association between the testing effect and the personality traits, or between the testing effect and working memory, at any time point. To conclude, retrieval practice seems to be a learning technique that is not moderated by individual differences in these specific personality traits or with working memory capacity, thus possibly beneficial for all students.
Observations of iodine monoxide over three summers at the Indian Antarctic bases, Bharati and Maitri

<p>&#160;Iodine plays a vital role in oxidation chemistry over Antarctica, with past observations showing highly elevated levels of iodine oxide (IO) leading to severe depletion of boundary layer ozone in West Antarctica. However, observations across Antarctica are still rare, and have hitherto been mostly focused on the West Antarctic, which needs to be addressed in order for comprehensive model validation. Here, we present multi axis differential absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) based observations of IO over three summers (2015-2017) at the Indian Antarctic bases, Bharati and Maitri. IO was observed during all the campaigns, with mixing ratios below 2 pptv for the three summers, which are lower than the peak levels observed in West Antarctica. This suggests that sources in West Antarctica are different or stronger than sources of iodine compounds in East Antarctica. Vertical profiles estimated using a profile retrieval algorithm showed decreasing gradients, with a peak in the lower boundary layer. The ground-based instrument retrieved vertical column densities (VCDs) were approximately a factor of three-five higher than the VCDs reported using satellite-based instruments, which is most likely related to the sensitivities of the measurement techniques. Airmass back-trajectory analysis failed to highlight a source region, with most of the airmasses coming from coastal or continental regions. This study adds to the sparse observational database of iodine compounds in Antarctica and highlights the variation in iodine chemistry in different regions in Antarctica. It also shines light on the needs of more long-term datasets in different regions to validate models estimating the impacts of iodine chemistry across Antarctica. </p>
In Silico Study of Pacific oyster Antiviral Polypeptides as Potential Inhibitory Compounds for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel pathogen that has triggered a pneumonia outbreak, and despite the measures, the pandemic still continues to occur. Objectives: The molecular docking analysis was used to test whether the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitory peptides. These marine polypeptides were isolated from the hydrolysate of Pacific oyster. Methods: Molecular docking process was performed using Molegro Virtual Docker software. The protein data bank file of the crystal structure of COVID-19 main protease in complex with an inhibitor N3 (ID 6LU7) was obtained from the PubChem data source. After preparing protein and removing water and internal ligand, the major cavity was selected for the next step, the docking procedure. Afterward, the MolDock score, Rerank score, Total interaction energy (between energy), and HBond item were calculated. The Remdesivir was used as a positive control in the docking project. Results: The results of the docking step were evaluated based on several bioinformatics docking scores, including MolDock score, Rerank score, Total interaction energy (between energy), and HBond. The hydrogen bond of remdesivir was -6.03673, and Leu-Leu-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ileu polypeptide was -6.44185. The Rerank score of remdesivir was -98.9254 and for Leu-Leu-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ileu polypeptide was -107.821. Of the two screened Pacific oyster polypeptides, the score of Leu-Leu-Glu-Tyr-Ser-Ileu ligand was higher than remdesivir. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Pacific oyster compounds may have the potency to be evolved as an anti-COVID-19 main protease drug to fight against the novel coronavirus; however, preclinical and clinical trials are needed for further experimental and/or clinical scientific validation.
Social Media Marketing and Brand Loyalty: The Role of Brand Trust

This study examines the relationship between social media marketing and brand loyalty through brand trust. Respondents were drawn from customers of McDonald’s, Malang City, East Java Province, Indonesia. For this study, 130 questionnaires were distributed and data were analyzed using the Structure Equation Model (SEM) version 22 of the AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) application. The results showed that social media marketing had an impact on increasing McDonald’s brand trust and brand loyalty. Brand trust influences brand loyalty and brand trust can mediate the influence of social media marketing on McDonald’s brand loyalty. The findings prove that brand trust can mediate the effect of social media marketing on customer loyalty to McDonald’s brand. These results can be explained by the fact that marketing strategies through social media marketing, such as making it easy for customers to get information related to McDonald’s on social media, can contribute to customer trust and that trust is formed because McDonald’s always pays attention to the quality of the products offered. Brand trust can mediate the influence of social media marketing on customer loyalty to McDonald’s brand. This means that information related to McDonald’s on social media is proportional to the quality of the product offered.