Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time Series Analysis of CMIP5 Model and Observed Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly Along Indian Coastal Zones

ABSTRACT Joseph, D. ; Liya, V.B. ; Rojith, G. ; Zacharia, P.U. , and Grinson, G. , 2019. Time series analysis of CMIP5 model and observed sea surface temperature anomaly along Indian coastal zones. In: Jithendran, K.P.; Saraswathy, R. ; Balasubramanian, C.P.; Kumaraguru Vasagam, K.P.; Jayasankar, V. ; Raghavan, R. ; Alavandi, S.V. , and Vijayan, K.K. (eds.), BRAQCON 2019: World Brackishwater Aquaculture Conference. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 86, pp. 239–247. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Analysis of the time series Sea Surface Temperature (SST) variations is a key element in understanding the climate change impacts on the phenology, trophodynamics, distribution, and catch of commercial marine fish species. As SST projections are mostly model dependent, the discrepancy in the model and observed values needs to be elucidated so as to derive accurate interpretations and conclusions. In this paper, the decadal and seasonal variations of SST anomaly over the four coastal zones of India were analysed. The selected period of the study is from 1968 to 2017 and the data obtained from the International Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Sets (ICOADS) and Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) was used. The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) model data were used for comparison with the observed value. The linear trend of observed and modelled values was inferred using the least square method for four seasons. The seasonal variation of SST anomaly of observed data in four coastal zones of India reveals that Northeast zone exhibits the least trend of warming in all seasons, whereas Northwest zone shows the highest trend of warming. SST anomaly of the first decade in all zones exhibited negative values in all seasons, while last decade shows positive value, indicating warming trend. In other decades, no uniform SST trend for all seasons was observed. However, the Northeast zone is exceptional with negative anomaly during all decades. The warming trend was observed in all coasts for both model and observed values. The model and observed SST anomaly follows an almost similar trend, but with noticeable differences in values among both. Owing to the differences in the model and observed values, it could be emphasised that error corrections needs to be applied in futuristic SST projections and related studies of Indian fisheries.
In vitro Antioxidant, Free Radical Scavenging Activity and Chemometric Approach to Reveal Variability in Different Solvent Extracts From Selected Mangroves of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

ABSTRACT Sivaramakrishnan, T. ; Swain, S. ; Saravanan, K. ; Rajendran, K.S. , and Dam Roy, S. , 2019. In vitro antioxidant, free radical scavenging activity and chemometric approach to reveal variability in different solvent extracts from selected mangroves of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. In: Jithendran, K.P.; Saraswathy, R. ; Balasubramanian, C.P.; Kumaraguru Vasagam, K.P.; Jayasankar, V. ; Raghavan, R. ; Alavandi, S.V. , and Vijayan, K.K. (eds.), BRAQCON 2019: World Brackishwater Aquaculture Conference. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 86, pp. 263–269. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Presence of various secondary metabolites is helpful for mangroves to tolerate biotic and abiotic stressors. In the recent years, the quest for more natural possibilities has led researchers to focus on secondary metabolites produced by plants such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, etc. which are reported to possess anti-oxidative, anti-microbial, anti-viral and anti-cancer properties. The present study was aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of mangrove leaf extracts obtained from two species, Rhizophora apiculata and R. mucronata. Four different solvent extracts, methanol, acetone, chloroform and aqueous of two different mangrove species, R. apiculata and R. mucronata were evaluated for their total phenol, flavonoid and antioxidant content such as total antioxidant activity (TAA), DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, ABTS (2, 2-azinobiz-3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation scavenging activity and reducing power (RP). Results revealed that the methanolic extract of R. apiculata exhibited the maximum phenol (168.1±0.96 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (117.92±0.51 mg RE/g). Higher total antioxidant activity (103.22±4.17 mg ascorbic acid/g), DPPH (90.16±0.44%), ABTS (99.45±0.14%), radical scavenging activity and reducing power (36.51±0.33 mg/g) were observed in the methanolic extract of R. apiculata. Overall, the methanolic extract of R. apiculata showed better results among the two species, revealing higher antioxidant activity of R. apiculate, and also unravelling the strength of methanol in extracting the active compound.
Chronic Exposure to High Altitude and Job Burnout Among Chinese Military Personnel at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: The Mediating Effect of Fatigue and Moderating Effect of Deployment Duration

Background: Job burnout among military personnel is associated with many negative consequence including depression, various forms of job withdrawal, and poor job performance. The present study aimed to investigate how chronic exposure to HA, fatigue, and deployment duration may influence burnout among Chinese military personnel. Methods: Military plateau drivers at Golmud (average altitude: 2,890m) as high altitude group (N = 194) and military drivers at Fuzhou (average altitude: 84m) as low altitude group (N = 190) completed the self-administrated questionnaires. Path analysis with ordinary least squares regression procedures were used to test the mediating effect of fatigue and moderating eﬀect of deployment duration.Results: A simple mediation from altitude to burnout through fatigue was supported by the results. Military personnel at high altitude experienced severer fatigue than those at low altitude (B = 1.215, t = 4.303, p < 0.001), and fatigue in turn caused greater job burnout (B = 0.347, t = 6.132, p < 0.001). The mediating effect of fatigue was significant (M = 0.421, Boot LLCI = 0.207, Boot ULCI = 0.668) and explained 15.21% of the total effect of altitude on burnout. However, the moderating effects of deployment duration were not supported in the present study. Conclusion: The problem of job burnout among military personnel on the plateau may be diminished by relieving their mental and physical fatigue induced by chronic exposure to high altitude and increasing the number of vacation days away from plateau.
Parasite Contamination of Freshly Harvested Vegetables from Selected Markets Located within Kano Metropolis

Nigeria is among the countries with the highest population cases of infections with intestinal parasites in sub-Saharan Africa. The increase in consumption of leafy and root vegetables by population in Kano metropolis necessitated the need for a study to assess the types and scope of these parasitic organisms in vegetables consume in urban Kano. Vegetables produce obtained from most markets within Kano metropolis are mostly sourced from nearby irrigation farms that used relatively contaminated waters which provides suitable growth condition for disease causing organisms. This research study determines the presence of parasites of health importance and their level of contamination in selected vegetables (cabbage, lettuce Cucumber, carrot and onions) sold at various markets in Kano metropolis. Vegetable samples were purchased randomly under normal purchased conditions and about 200g each was weighed and washed according to the generally used method for washing vegetables. The samples were eluted followed by sonication in an already prepared buffered solution, filtered and examined for the presence of cysts, oocysts, and helminthes eggs and larvae. The eggs/cysts of Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba species, Giardia intestinalis and Trichuiris species were observed. Among all the four markets involved in the study, “GanaKwari market recorded the highest number of eggs/cysts, been present in all the samples, followed by Kwa-kwaci Market with the presence of eggs/cysts in all the samples excluding cabbage. These are followed by Kofar Naisa market with all the samples contaminated but with less number of eggs/cysts. However, Sharada market recorded the lowest level of contaminants with only three of the samples containing eggs/cysts. However, among all the (5) samples collected, onions recorded the highest contamination, followed by cabbage and lettuce having the same, then cucumber and lastly carrots. The variation in the level of contamination among these markets may be attributed to the market type and the different water sources and means of display of these vegetables.
Software Systems Architecture: Working with Stakeholders Using Viewpoints and Perspectives

Software Systems Architecture is a practitioner-oriented guide to designing and implementing effective architectures for information systems. It is both a readily accessible introduction to software architecture and an invaluable handbook of well-established best practices. It shows why the role of the architect is central to any successful information-systems development project, and, by presenting a set of architectural viewpoints and perspectives, provides specific direction for improving your own and your organization's approach to software systems architecture.With this book you will learn how to Design an architecture that reflects and balances the different needs of its stakeholders Communicate the architecture to stakeholders and demonstrate that it has met their requirements Focus on architecturally significant aspects of design, including frequently overlooked areas such as performance, resilience, and location Use scenarios and patterns to drive the creation and validation of your architecture Document your architecture as a set of related views Use perspectives to ensure that your architecture exhibits important qualities such as performance, scalability, and security The architectural viewpoints and perspectives presented in the book also provide a valuable long-term reference source for new and experienced architects alike.Whether you are an aspiring or practicing software architect, you will find yourself referring repeatedly to the practical advice in this book throughout the lifecycle of your projects.A supporting Web site containing further information can be found at www.viewpoints-and-perspectives.info
How to select the fusion and fixation range of thoracolumbar and lumbar tuberculosis: A retrospective clinical study

Purpose To investigate the clinical data of thoracolumbar and lumbar spinal tuberculosis with diseased and non-diseased intervertebral surgery, evaluate the clinical efficacy of the two surgical methods, and explore how to choose the fusion of fixation range. Methods Among 221 patients with thoracolumbar and lumbar tuberculosis were categorized into two groups. 118 patients were in the diseased intervertebral surgery group (lesion vertebral pedicle fixation, group A) and there were 103 patients in the non-diseased intervertebral surgery group (1 or 2 vertebral fixation groups at the above and below levels of the affected vertebra, group B). Both groups of patients were treated with primary or staging, anterior combined complete lesion removal, bone graft fusion, and internal fixation. By analyzing of clinical data and the clinical efficacy of the two surgical methods in thoracolumbar and lumbar tuberculosis was evaluated. Results The mean follow-up duration was 65months (range 50–68 months). There were no significant differences in laboratory examination, VAS scores, and the Cobb angle correction rate and the angle loss, however, significant differences between the two groups in operation time, blood loss, drainage volume, and transfusion, the diseased intervertebral surgery group was significantly better than the non-diseased intervertebral surgery group. Meanwhile, the bone graft was fused entirely at the last follow-up. Conclusion Under the conditions of strictly grasping the indications for surgery, intervertebral surgery for thoracolumbar and lumbar tuberculosis is safe, effective, and feasible, and it can effectively restore its physiological curvature and reduce the degeneration of the adjacent vertebral body.
Selective Breeding of Penaeus vannamei: Impact on World Aquaculture and Lessons for Future

ABSTRACT Wyban, J., 2019. Selective breeding of Penaeus vannamei: Impact on world aquaculture and lessons for future. In: Jithendran, K.P.; Saraswathy, R. ; Balasubramanian, C.P.; Kumaraguru Vasagam, K.P.; Jayasankar, V. ; Raghavan, R. ; Alavandi, S.V. , and Vijayan, K.K. (eds.), BRAQCON 2019: World Brackishwater Aquaculture Conference. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 86, pp. 1–5. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Shrimp farmers want fast growing shrimp that can resist common diseases and get good survivals in pond culture. The SPF Penaeus vannamei have produced these results and most of Asia has switched to farming SPF P. vannamei. Downward price pressure in the market is causing farmers to demand still better performance to remain profitable. The best opportunity to improve economic performance in shrimp farming is through selective breeding of the commercial shrimp stocks. Three different approaches to shrimp breeding are being employed globally. First is the SPF model, undertaken by US-based breeding companies who supply most of Asia's shrimp broodstock. SPF stocks selected for fast growth have resulted in significant improvements up to 10% gain per generation. Average daily gain (ADG) now exceeds 0.3 gram per day (gpd). In farms stocked at more than 100 PL/m2, farmers harvest 20 g shrimp in less than 100 DOC. These results have propelled the industry forward and India is one of the largest beneficiaries of this approach. A second approach to breeding shrimp is the Ecuador model. Ecuador is the leading shrimp farming country in the Western Hemisphere. Following an industry crash caused by White Spot Virus in 1999, the Ecuador industry initiated a breeding program based on collecting survivors of pond mortality events and over time created a stock of shrimp that are genetically tolerant to WSSV infection. While these efforts ignored the growth characteristics of the shrimp, pond survival rates steadily increased generation by generation and the industry not only recovered from the WSSV problems, it flourished with production of 500,000 MT in 2018. A third model for shrimp breeding combines both approaches. It has been called the SPF/SPT model (Alday-Sanz et al., 2018). This approach starts with a pathogen-tolerant stock as founding stock, passes them through an SPF development process and results in an SPF/SPT stock that are both SPF (pathogen free) with pathogen-tolerant genetics.
Onychomycosis Unresponsive to Antifungals: Etiology and Treatment with a New Direct Technique

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the fungal agents causing onychomycosis that were unresponsive to antifungal treatment and to treat these cases by placing under-nail cushions with a mild keratolytic to clear the fungus-invaded tissue. Materials and Methods: Fungal agents were identified by the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) technique. Results: Nine patients had Aspergillus spp. (7 Aspergillus niger,2 Aspergillus flavus); four had Candida species and one had Trichophyton rubrum. All patients were free of infection at the end of treatment. Conclusion: As per the results, we may state that onychomycosis that is unresponsive to treatment in immunocompetent patients seems to be mostly associated with molds. Direct application of a mild keratolytic to the fungus-invaded part, e.g., the nail plate and/or nail bed and removal of fungal elements may provide a successful treatment outcome.
Detection of respiratory syncytial virus & Mycoplasma pneumoniae in paediatric lower respiratory tract infections

Background & objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are considered common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children. The present study was conducted to detect M. pneumoniae and RSV in paediatric LRTIs employing serology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. Methods: Seventy five children aged one month to five years with acute LRTIs were investigated for M. pneumoniae antibodies and RSV antigen using immunochromatographic test, RT-PCR for RSV and M. pneumoniae by PCR on nasopharyngeal aspirates. Results: RSV infection was observed in 33 (44%) and M. pneumoniae was positive in 26 (35%) children. No significant difference in infection was noted between male and female children. Clinical and radiological features among RSV and M. pneumoniae positive and negative cases were similar. Considering RT-PCR for RSV as gold standard, RSV antigen immunochromatography was 90.90 per cent sensitive and 100 per cent specific. Interpretation & conclusions: Our study showed the presence of RSV and M. pneumoniae infection in 44 and 35 per cent children, respectively with community-acquired LRTIs and aged less than five years.
Factors Affecting Efficiency of Agile Planning : A Case Study

Context: Planning in software projects is a difficult problem due to the uncertainty associated with it. There are many factors that cause difficulty in formulating a plan. Not many factors that influence the efficiency of planning are identified in the previous studies. The literature focuses only on technical aspects such as requirements selection and estimation in order to plan a release or iteration. Objectives. The objective of this study is to identify factors that affect planning efficiency. The context in which the objective is achieved is large scale complex projects that are distributed across multiple teams, in multiple global sites. The motivation for selecting large scale context is because most of the existing releases planning approaches discussed in the literature were investigated in small scale projects. Hence this context will allow studying the planning process in large scale industry. Methods. A case study was conducted at Siemens’ Development Centre in Bangalore, India. A total of 15 interviews were conducted to investigate the planning process adopted by Siemens. To achieve triangulation, process documents such as release planning documents are studied and direct observation of the planning meeting is performed. Therefore multiple sources are used to collect evidences. Results. The identified challenges are grouped into technical and non-technical category. In total 9 technical factors and 11 non-technical factors are identified. The identified factors are also classified based on the context in which they affect the planning. In addition 6 effects of the factors are identified and improvements perceived by the participants are discussed in this study.
Effect of Er:YAG laser cavity preparation on the bond strength of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-free and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-rich self-etch adhesive systems: An in vitro study

Background: Despite many advantages of lasers and reduction of the risk of surface bonding errors with newer self-etch systems, they have not been thoroughly researched. This study was done to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser cavity preparation on the microtensile bond strength of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-rich and HEMA-free one-step self-etch adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, eighty freshly extracted human premolars were collected. Cavities were prepared in 40 teeth with carbide bur (Group 1) and in other 40 teeth with Er:YAG LASER (490 mJ and 15 Hz) (Group 2). Subgroups of twenty teeth each were made according to the adhesive systems used. After placement of restoration, the mean values of the bond strength were calculated using universal testing machine. Data were then tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics (Significant at P < 0.05). Results: The overall microtensile bonding strength was higher when the cavities were prepared with bur compared to those with Er:YAG laser. Mean bond strengths of single-bottle self-etching seventh-generation dentin bonding agents to bur-prepared cavities were higher than those to laser-prepared cavities irrespective of the adhesive system (P = 0.01). No statistically significant difference was observed between HEMA-free and HEMA-rich self-etch adhesive systems. Conclusion: The effect of Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation did not show improved performance when evaluated using microtensile bond strength with seventh-generation bonding agents, Adper Easy One and G-Bond. More studies are required to assess the effect of lasers.
The correlation between occupational unsafe acts and job burnout among workers in kashan metal melting industries 2017

Aim: Literature in workplace safety has classified the causes of occupational accidents into unsafe conditions and unsafe acts. Job burnout can lead to loss of quality and efficiency of the individual, reduce physical and mental health, and may cause to increase of unsafe acts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of unsafe acts with job burnout among workers of Kashan smelting industries. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 112 workers of metal melting industries. The unsafe acts of them were monitored through observation and using the Tarrant's checklist. The examination of burnout was carried out using the Maslach questionnaire. The demographic data were also collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. The results were analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and analysis of variance. Results: The results indicated that 43.23% of workers' behaviors were unsafe. The most frequent unsafe act was the fail to using personal protective equipment (38.1%), and the least frequent was inadvertency (0.07%). There was a significant relationship between smoking, work units, safety education, and working hours with unsafe acts (P < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between the dimensions of occupational burnout with unsafe acts. Conclusion: The prevalence of unsafe behavior in the metal smelting industry is relatively high, and job burnout cannot be used as an appropriate indicator to predict unsafe acts in metal melting industry. Planning for safety training to workers and the setting of suitable work hours can be used as effective strategies to reduce unsafe acts.
The Roman frontier on the Gask Ridge : Perth and Kinross : an interim report on the Roman Gask Project, 1995-2000

The Roman Gask project was founded in 1995 in the University of Manchester. It has since been engaged in an extensive campaign of surveys, excavation and archive work. Its remit was to cover all of Roman (Flavian) Scotland north of the Antonine Wall (from the Glenbank fortlet, north of Dunblane, to Bertha Castle on the Tay) but, as its name suggests, its principal focus has been on the system of military works on and around the Gask Ridge in Perthsire. This volume is an interim report describing the progress made during its first five years. It is in two sections; the first provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on the Gask, while the second section reports on a series of field work programmes (two rescued from the archives dating from the 1960s and 1970s. The project has undertaken nineteen excavations, numerous surveys, museum/archive work, air-photography assignments, and field-walking tasks: a significant achievement over a short period of time.