Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison between morphine, meperidine and ketobemidone in continuous intravenous infusion for postoperative relief

Morphine, meperidine and ketobemidone used in continuous i. v. infusion for postoperative pain relief were compared in a double‐blind, controlled, prospective study in 81 consecutive consenting adult patients after open‐heart surgery, with permission from the hospital ethics committee. During the first postoperative period, the infusion rates were fixed. Later on, when the infusion rate could be regulated according to individual patient needs, the variation in infusion rate was large, in accordance with earlier studies. No significant differences were demonstrated between the three analgesics with respect to efficacy of analgesia or side effects like shivering, nausea or vomiting. Respiratory depression following extubation was not observed. During shivering, there was a significant increase in the arterio‐mixed venous difference of oxygen in all groups. The amounts of opioids used were relatively small compared to amounts used in patients following abdominal surgery. When interviewed some days after surgery, 18/74 patients remembered moderate pain and 11 severe pain during the stay in the ICU.
AGING AND SLEEP STAGE EFFECTS ON ENTROPY OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM SIGNALS

OF THESIS AGING AND SLEEP STAGE EFFECTS ON ENTROPY OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM SIGNALS The aging brain is characterized by alteration in synaptic contacts, which leads to decline of motor and cognitive functions. These changes are reflected in the age related shifts in power spectrum of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in both wakefulness and sleep. Various non-linear measures have been used to obtain more insights from EEG analysis compared to the conventional spectral analysis. In our study we used Sample Entropy to quantify regularity of the EEG signal. Because elderly subjects arouse from sleep more often than younger subjects, we hypothesized that Entropy of EEG signals from elderly subjects would be higher than that from middle aged subjects, within a sleep stage. We also hypothesized that the entropy increases during and following an arousal and does not return to background levels immediately after an arousal. Our results show that Sample Entropy varies systematically with sleep state in healthy middle-aged and elderly female subjects, reflecting the changing regularity in the EEG. Sample Entropy is significantly higher in elderly in sleep Stage 2 and REM, suggesting that in these two sleep stages the cortical state is closer to wake than in middle-aged women. Sample Entropy is higher in post-arousal compared to the pre-arousal and stays high for a 30 sec period.
PALB 2 Functionally Connects the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Proteins BRCA 1 and BRCA 2

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are prominently associated with inherited breast and ovarian cancer. The encoded proteins function in DNA damage responses, but no functional link between BRCA1 and BRCA2 has been established. We show here that PALB2 physically and functionally connects BRCA1 and BRCA2 into a DNA damage response network that also includes the RAD51 recombinase. PALB2 directly binds BRCA1, as determined with bacterially expressed fragments of each protein. Furthermore, PALB2 independently interacts with BRCA1 and BRCA2 through its NH2 and COOH termini, respectively. Critically, two point mutants (L21P and L24P) of the PALB2 coiled-coil domain or an NH2-terminal deletion (Δ1-70) disrupt its interaction with BRCA1. We have reconstituted PALB2-deficient cells with PALB2Δ1-70, PALB2-L21P, or PALB2-L24P, or with COOH-terminally truncated PALB2 that is deficient for interaction with BRCA2. Using extracts from these cells, we find that PALB2 mediates the physical interaction of BRCA2 with a COOH-terminal fragment of BRCA1. Analysis of the assembly of foci in these cells by BRCA1, PALB2, BRCA2, and RAD51 suggests that BRCA1 recruits PALB2, which in turn organizes BRCA2 and RAD51. Resistance to mitomycin C and the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination require the interaction of PALB2 with both BRCA1 and BRCA2. These results suggest that BRCA1 and BRCA2 cooperate in DNA damage responses in a PALB2-dependent manner, and have important implications for the genesis of breast/ovarian cancer and for chemotherapy with DNA interstrand cross-linking agents. (Mol Cancer Res 2009;7(7):1110–8)
Holistic Approach to Fraud Management in Health Insurance

Fraud present an immense problem for health insurance companies and the only way to fight fraud is by using specialized fraud management systems. The current research community focussed great efforts on different fraud detection techniques while neglecting other also important activities of fraud management. We propose a holistic approach that focuses on all 6 activities of fraud management, namely, (1) deterrence, (2) prevention, (3) detection, (4) investigation, (5) sanction and redress, and (6) monitoring. The main contribution of the paper are 15 key characteristics of a fraud management system, which enable construction of a fraud management system that provides effective and efficient support to all fraud management activities. We base our research on literature review, interviews with experts from different fields, and a case study. The case study provides additional confirmation to expert opinions, as it puts our holistic framework into practice.
Determination of olanzapine by spectrophotometry using permanganate

Dois metodos espectrofotometricos novos, usando o permanganato como o reagente oxidimetrico para a determinacao da olanzapina (OLP) foram utilizados e validados de acordo com as diretrizes atuais do ICH. Os metodos envolveram a adicao de excesso conhecido de permanganato a OLP em meio acido ou alcalino, determinando-se o permanganato que nao reagiu em 550 nm (metodo A), ou pela cor verde-azulada do manganato a 610 nm (metodo B). A diminuicao da absorbância no metodo A ou o aumento da absorbância no metodo B, em funcao da concentracao de OLP, foi medida e relacionada a concentracao de OLP. Sob condicoes otimizadas, a lei de Beer foi obedecida, nas faixas de concentracao de 2,0 a 20 e 1,0 a 10 ao μg mL-1, no metodo A e no metodo B, respectivamente. Os valores de absortividade molar foram de 1,34 x 104 e 2,54 x 104 l mol-1cm-1 para o metodo A e para o metodo B, respectivamente, e as sensibilidades respectivas de Sandell foram de 0,0233 e 0,0123 μg cm-2. Os LOD e os LOQ para o metodo A calculados foram 0,37 e 1,13 μg mL-1e os valores correspondentes para o metodo B foram 0,16 e 0,48 μg mL-1. A precisao intermediaria, expressa como RSD, encontrou-se na faixa de 0,51 a 2,66%, e a exatidao, expressa como o erro relativo, variou de 0,79 a 2,24%. Os metodos propostos foram aplicados com sucesso ao ensaio de OLP em comprimidos comerciais, com porcentagens medias de recuperacao de 102± 1,59% (metodo A) e de 101± 1,53% (metodo B). A exatidao e a confiabilidade dos metodos foram confirmadas executando testes de recuperacao atraves de procedimento padrao de adicao.
Decoding real block codes: Activity detection Wiener estimation

New decoding procedures for real-number block codes which are constructed by imposing constraints in the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) domain are examined. The codewords are corrupted by small levels of roundoff noise and possibly occasionally by a few large excursions of random disturbances. The error-correcting procedure is separated into two parts, large activity detection followed by error value estimation, particularly the larger errors. The first part determines if large excursions are present, roughly identifying their locations, while the second part is a Wiener minimum mean-squared error estimation technique providing a stochastic correction to the corrupted components. The activity-detecting part determines locations for large increases in the Wiener estimator's gain. A computationally intensive Bayes hypothesis testing approach is shown to be very effective at locating large activity positions, but a more efficient modified Berlekamp-Massey (1969) algorithm is developed which leads to excellent mean-squared error performance. Extensive simulations demonstrate individual codeword corrective actions and compare the average mean-squared error performance between coded and unprotected data. The error level improvement ranges from three to four orders of magnitude.
Demystifying the Mysteries: Sexual Dimorphism in Primary Teeth.

INTRODUCTION One of the critical steps in the process of identification is the sex determination of an unknown individual. Many studies have shown that sex can be determined using the human skeleton, especially by examining the pelvis and skull. Odontometric analysis of the human sexual variation has been less investigated, especially of primary dentition. AIM To verify the presence of sexual dimorphism in primary teeth of local population of Faridabad, Haryana, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research was performed on dental casts of 500 children (250 boys and 250 girls, age range 3-5 years). Mesiodistal and buccolingual crown dimensions of maxillary and mandibular primary teeth were measured with a digital Vernier's caliper and were analysed for sexual dimorphism. Mann-Whitney-U test was used to check the statistical significance of difference in tooth dimensions among boys and girls. RESULTS Differences were found in the mean values of mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters of primary teeth, in which boys generally had larger crown diameters than girls. CONCLUSION Primary teeth may be used as an additional tool for sex identification of juvenile skeletons where other dimorphic features are not much developed.
Comparison of Office, Home and 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressures in Borderline and Mild Hypertension

Clinic/office (casual), home (self), and twenty-four-hour ambulatory (ABP) blood pressure determinations were compared in 32 subjects defined by conventional office criteria as mild or borderline hypertensives. Office diastolic blood pressures (mean 93.1 +/- 5.3 mmHg) were significantly higher than either home (mean 88.9 +/- 7.1 mm Hg) or awake ABP (mean 88.4 +/- 8.4 mm Hg) readings for the total group, as well as for the mild hypertension subgroup (office mean 96.0 +/- 3.5 mm Hg, home mean 91.0 +/- 8.0, awake ABP mean 90.4 +/- 8.8) but not for the borderline subgroup. In the total study group, office diastolic blood pressure (DBP) correlated better with home DBP (r = 0.58, p = 0.0005), than with the awake ABP (r = 0.40, p = 0.02). Home DBP correlated well with awake DBP (r = 0.48, p = 0.006). In subgroup analysis, office DBPs correlated well with home (self) readings for both the mild (r = 0.53, p = 0.03) and the borderline (r = 0.62, p = 0.01) subgroups. When office DBPs were compared with awake ABP DBPs, the correlation coefficient for the mild subgroup was significant (r = 0.49, p = 0.04); this was not the case for the borderline subgroup (r = 0.10, p = NS). Comparison of home (self) DBPs with awake ABP determinations revealed a good correlation for the borderline subgroup (r = 0.63, p = 0.01) but not for the mild subgroup (r = 0.35, p = NS). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Characterization theorem for the conditionally computable real functions

The class of uniformly computable real functions with respect to a small subrecursive class of operators computes the elementary functions of calculus, restricted to compact subsets of their domains. The class of conditionally computable real functions with respect to the same class of operators is a proper extension of the class of uniformly computable real functions and it computes the elementary functions of calculus on their whole domains. The definition of both classes relies on certain transformations of infinitistic names of real numbers. In the present paper, the conditional computability of real functions is characterized in the spirit of Tent and Ziegler, avoiding the use of infinitistic names.
Solitaire Flow Restoration thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: retrospective multicenter analysis of early postmarket experience after FDA approval.

BACKGROUND The promising results of the Solitaire Flow Restoration (FR) With the Intention for Thrombectomy (SWIFT) trial recently led to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the Solitaire FR stent retriever device for recanalization of cerebral vessels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. OBJECTIVE To report the early postmarket experience with this device since its FDA approval in the United States, which has not been previously described. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive acute ischemic strokes cases treated between March 2012 and July 2012 at 10 United States centers where the Solitaire FR was used as a single device or in conjunction with other intraarterial endovascular approaches. RESULTS A total of 101 patients were identified (mean age, 64.7 years; mean admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score, 17.6). Intravenous thrombolysis was administered in 39% of cases; other endovascular techniques were utilized in conjunction with the Solitaire FR in 52%. Successful recanalization (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 2/3) was achieved in 88%. The rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within the first 24 hours was 15%. In-hospital mortality was 26%. At 30 days, 38% of patients had favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin scale score ≤2). Severity of NIHSS score on admission was a strong predictor of poor outcome. CONCLUSION Our study shows that a variety of other endovascular approaches are used in conjunction with Solitaire FR in actual practice in the United States. Early postmarket results suggest that Solitaire FR is an effective tool for endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
Mothers’ Perceptions of Benefits of Perinatal Loss Support Offered at a Major University Hospital

This qualitative research investigated the perception of mothers regarding hospital support after perinatal loss. Twelve in-depth interviews demonstrated that the mothers recalled the circumstances of the loss. Most identified the hospital’s support services and made comments on aspects of hospital support as influential in grief recovery. Most interviewees considered themselves somewhat recovered from the loss.
Activation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascade through nitric oxide synthesis as a mechanism of neuritogenic effect of genipin in PC12h cells

Prominent neurite outgrowth induced by genipin, a plant‐derived iridoid, was substantially inhibited by addition of NG‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) inhibitor, and carboxy‐PTIO, an NO scavenger, in PC12h cells. Increases of the NADPH‐diaphorase activity and neuronal and inducible NOS proteins in cells preceded the neurite outgrowth after addition of genipin to medium. NO donors could induce the neurite outgrowth dose‐dependently in the cells. On the other hand, an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (SGC), which is known to be a stimulatory target of NO, abolished greatly the genipin‐induced neurite outgrowth. Addition of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) kinase inhibitors could almost completely abolish the neurite induction. l‐NAME remarkably depressed genipin‐stimulated phosphorylation of ERK‐1 and ‐2. A neuritogenic effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) in PC12h cells was also remarkably inhibited by the NOS inhibitor, NO scavenger and SGC inhibitor. These findings suggest that induced NO production followed by cyclic GMP‐mediated stimulation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is implicated in the neuritogenesis by genipin and NGF in PC12h cells.
CONSUMPTION OF BAY LEAF (A FOOD SPICE) MAY BE A SAFEAND EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR MALE INFERTILITYRESULTING FROM PARTIAL LIGATION OF THE LEFT RENALVEIN IN WISTAR RAT: STUDY SUGGEST

Approximately 10% of all men have varicoceles. Oxidative stress has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Varicocelectomy is not an effective treatment in such cases as it failed to restore fertility after surgery in many patients. Bay leafs are spices used in cooking due to their flavoring capacity and aroma. This study aimed to elucidate the histological and spermiographic changes after left experimental varicocele and to evaluate the possible protective role of bay leaf extract. A total of 20 adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) with 5 rats in each group. The rats in group A served as the control, Group B and C hard a partial ligation of their left renal vein. Group D rats underwent a similar procedure, but varicocele was not induced (sham). Rats in group B in addition had orally treatment with 60 mg/kg of Bay leaf extract daily for 10 weeks after varicocele induction. The animals were sacrificed 10 weeks post operation and histological, sperm parameters and oxidative enzymes where evaluated. Result showed that the testes of varicocelized models treated with bay leaf extract an improved sperm characteristics and morphology when compared to the untreated varicocelized rats. Supplementation with bay leaf extract in cases of infertility with varicocele may have a protective effect.
Globalized probability based lane detection with non-unique B-spline model

In this paper, we proposed a robust lane detection method. This method uses the globalized probability of boundary (gPb) algorithm as boundary detector and non-unique B-spline (NUBS) as the road model. The gPb algorithm combines the local information, like brightness, color and texture features, with global information derived from spectral partitioning and is robust against shadow, and illumination varying in road boundaries detection. NUBS model is flexible enough to model the most of roads, include highways and rural ways, while taking account of the perspective effect. This method contains three main steps: first, we use gPb to detect the boundaries of the objects in the resized captured images, and then, take use of the parallel property of the road boundaries in ground images to find the knot sets of NUBS model for two sides of the road boundaries. Finally, we make the knots as initial boundaries and push them to the more accuracy boundaries in the canny edge map image using the snake algorithm.
Psychometric testing of four transtheoretical model questionnaires for the behavior, completing health care proxies.

The purpose of the study was to develop four questionnaires based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) to assess the behavior, completing a healthcare proxy (HCP). The aims were to (a) operationalize the four TTM constructs for completing a HCP and (b) evaluate the psychometric properties of the questionnaires. The questionnaires were constructed and content validity established using an expert panel. Internal consistency values for each questionnaire and subscales within each questionnaire were >. 79. Confirmatory factor analysis provided evidence that decisional balance and the processes of change questionnaires each contained two factors. Our data support validity and reliability of the TTM questionnaires related to HCP completion.
Cosine similarity for analysis and verification of static signatures

The stability of handwritten signatures is a crucial characteristic for both investigating the nature of the signature apposition process and improving systems for automatic signature verification. In this study, a new technique for the analysis of stability in static signature images is discussed. The technique adopts a feature-based strategy to derive regional information from a static signature image and uses cosine similarity to estimate the degree of regional stability among genuine signatures, according to a multiple matching strategy. The experimental test carried out using signatures in the Grupo de Procesado Digital de Senales (GPDS) database has demonstrated the validity of this novel approach in obtaining stability information and deriving significant signer-independent and signer-dependent properties of the signing process, useful for verification aims.
“Active Flux” DTFC-SVM Sensorless Control of IPMSM

This paper proposes an implementation of a motion-sensorless control system in wide speed range based on "active flux" observer, and direct torque and flux control with space vector modulation (DTFC-SVM) for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), without signal injection. The concept of "active flux" (or "torque producing flux") turns all the rotor salient-pole ac machines into fully nonsalient-pole ones. A new function for Lq inductance depending on torque is introduced to model the magnetic saturation. Notable simplification in the rotor position and speed estimation is obtained, because the active flux position is identical with the rotor position. Extensive experimental results are presented to verify the principles and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless control system. With the active flux observer, the IPMSM drive system operates from very low speed of 2 r/min at half full-load up to 1400 r/min. Higher speed is possible, in principle, with flux weakening.
Individual Contributions of Mutant Protease and Reverse Transcriptase to Viral Infectivity, Replication, and Protein Maturation of Antiretroviral Drug-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants resistant to protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors may display impaired infectivity and replication capacity. The individual contributions of mutated HIV-1 PR and RT to infectivity, replication, RT activity, and protein maturation (herein referred to as “fitness”) in recombinant viruses were investigated by separately cloning PR, RT, and PR-RT cassettes from drug-resistant mutant viral isolates into the wild-type NL4-3 background. Both mutant PR and RT contributed to measurable deficits in fitness of viral constructs. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, replication rates (means ± standard deviations) of RT recombinants were 72.5% ± 27.3% and replication rates of PR recombinants were 60.5% ± 33.6% of the rates of NL4-3. PR mutant deficits were enhanced in CEM T cells, with relative replication rates of PR recombinants decreasing to 15.8% ± 23.5% of NL4-3 replication rates. Cloning of the cognate RT improved fitness of some PR mutant clones. For a multidrug-resistant virus transmitted through sexual contact, RT constructs displayed a marked infectivity and replication deficit and diminished packaging of Pol proteins (RT content in virions diminished by 56.3% ± 10.7%, and integrase content diminished by 23.3% ± 18.4%), a novel mechanism for a decreased-fitness phenotype. Despite the identified impairment of recombinant clones, fitness of two of the three drug-resistant isolates was comparable to that of wild-type, susceptible viruses, suggestive of extensive compensation by genomic regions away from PR and RT. Only limited reversion of mutated positions to wild-type amino acids was observed for the native isolates over 100 viral replication cycles in the absence of drug selective pressure. These data underscore the complex relationship between PR and RT adaptive changes and viral evolution in antiretroviral drug-resistant HIV-1.
Diallel-cross analysis of grain yield and stress tolerance-related traits under semi-arid conditions in Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)

Half-diallel analysis with six genotypes of durum wheat was conducted for grain yield, yield components and agronomic traits related to abiotic stress tolerance. Aim of this study is to identify best parents for hybridization. Cultivar Guemgoum Rkhem proved to be best general combiner for number of days to heading, straw yield, plant height and thousand-kernel weight. Gaviota durum was best combiner for number of grains per spike, and cultivar Ofanto for Chlorophyll content and harvest index. Waha proved to be a poor general combiner for flag leaf area, straw yield, plant height and thousand-kernel weight. Mexicali75/Guemgoum Rkhem cross is best suited to improve earliness, straw yield, plant height, and grain yield. Narrow-sense heritability was low for grain yield. Waha//Zenati Bouteille/Flamingo and Waha/ Guemgoum hybrids showed significant mid-parent heterosis for grain yield.