Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AN APPROACH FOR DETECTION AND CORRECTION OF DESIGN DEFECTS IN OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE

The presence of design defects in object oriented software can have a severe impact on the quality of software. The detection and correction of design defects is important for cost effective maintenance. In this work we propose an automatic detection technique which uses the design patterns as reference to detect the design defects in existing software design. We also propose a correction technique which can refactor the code to meet the design specifications using the concept of class slicing. We can use this technique for any code in which classes are excessively coupled together, thereby not meeting with the good design specifications, for an object oriented software.
A Comparative Study of Emotion Metaphor between English and Khowar

The traditional linguists failed to clarify the metaphor as indispensable part of our cognitive mechanism instead of being perceived as language phenomenon. But the modern linguists like Lakeoff and Johnson conducted their research on metaphor from the perspective of both language and philosophy and published of the masterpiece titled “Metaphor We Live By”. Hence, the research article deals with the cognitive linguistics approach, which is used to make a comparative analysis between Khowar and English emotion metaphors. Thus, it is based on the theoretical framework of Lakeoff and Johnson by keeping in view the qualitative paradigm and employing the Content Analyses as methodology. The data has been analyzed on the bases of the aforementioned technique to explore the convergence and divergence in terms of conceptual metaphors of the basic emotions, i.e. LOVE in Khowar and English.
GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES: A REVIEW

Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology radically changed the way we diagnose, treat, and prevent various diseases in all aspects of human life. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most vital and fascinating nanomaterials among several metallic nanoparticles that are involved in biomedical applications. AgNPs play an essential role in nanoscience and nanotechnology, particularly in Nanomedicine. To avoid the chemical toxicity, biosynthesis (green synthesis) of metal nanoparticles is proposed as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative. Reaction parameters under which the AgNPs were being synthesized hold a noticeable impact on their size, shape, and application. Available published information on AgNPs synthesis, effects of various parameters, characterization techniques, properties and their use are summarized in this review.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND TYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS ISOLATED FROM NOSTRILS OF FOOD HANDLERS

The research work was carried out to investigate the nasal carriage rate of Staphylococcus spp. among healthy food handlers and to characterize the isolates using molecular methods. A total of 32 nasal swabs were collected food handlers. The collected samples were processed for isolation of Staphylococcus and the isolates were characterized using various PCR based assays targeting 16S rRNA, nucA, femB, mecA and classical enterotoxin genes. The isolates were then subjected to molecular typing by detection of polymorphism in coaA gene and by RAPD analysis using T3 and M13 primers. Results indicated that all the food handlers screened were colonized with Staphylococcus spp. and the S. aureus nasal carriage was found to be 25% of which one isolate was found to be methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Coagulase negative isolate were also found to carry the methicillin resistance gene and genes responsible for classical enterotoxin production. RAPD analysis revealed that multiple strains colonized the nostrils of the food handlers. This research work highlights the imminent risk of contamination of food materials by handlers therefore adoption of proper hygienic practices is important.
Linear and Aerial aspect of Basin morphometry of Kundka Sub-basin of Sindphana Basin (Beed), Maharashtra, India

Geomorphology is a science of landforms, which is concerned with the various geometrical aspects of the basin. Morphometric analysis of Kundka sub-basin was carried out using remote sensing and GIS. Detailed drainage map was prepared from SOI toposheets digitized in ArcGIS 10.1. The basin morphometric parameters including linear and aerial aspects of the Kundka river sub-basin were determined and computed. The parameters considered for the present analysis are stream length, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, form factor, circularity ratio, elongation ratio, compactness ratio, relief ratio etc. The Kundka sub-basin has a dendritic and sub-parallel drainage pattern and it is the 7 th order drainage basin. Semilog plot of number of stream vs stream order and mean stream length vs stream order were computed in the area.
An Extensive Survey of Privacy Preserving Data Mining Techniques

- Data mining techniques are rising trends to aid organizations to analyze, find un-obvious patterns and details to benefit from the customer or user data. But this is classified as proprietary information disclosure and mining misuse. To avoid this, we introduce the concept of privacy preserving data mining (PPDM). The fundamental notions of the existing privacy preserving data mining methods, their merits, and shortcomings are presented. We discus five techniques namely Anonymization based PPDM, Perturbation based PPDM, Randomized response based PPDM, Condensation based PPDM and Cryptography based PPDM.
A Survey on Exploration and Classification of Osteoarthritis Using Image Processing Techniques

-Osteoarthritis is one of the prime causes of infirmity in elderly and overweight people. Osteoarthritis is a joint disease that mostly affects the cartilage. Cartilage helps the easy glide of bones and obstructs them from rubbing each other. In Osteoarthritis cartilage is ruptured due to which bones rub each other causing severe pain. The current strategy for the evaluation of Osteoarthritis includes clinical investigation & medical imaging techniques. This paper introduces a survey focusing on the various medical imaging techniques for the assessment of Osteoarthritis. This paper also discovers the X-ray imaging & Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for detection and classification of Osteoarthritis in descriptive and comparative manner. Thus an integrated discussion of various segmentation techniques, feature extraction techniques and classification schemes regarding Osteoarthritis is done and surveyed in a scientific way
A Distributed System for Detecting Phishing in Twitter Stream

: Phishing is a long-running problem that has taken a turn for the worse. Phishing tweets now so closely resemble legitimate ones, making it very difficult both for users and automated systems alike to tell them apart. As such, users end up clicking links embedded in phishing messages that take them to malicious sites, which directly or indirectly steal their personal information. Ease of information dissemination on Twitter and a large audience, makes it a popular medium to spread external content like articles, videos, and photographs by embedding URLs in tweets. However, these URLs may link to low quality content like malware, phishing websites or spam websites. Phishing attacks not only cause the leakage of personal information but also results in huge monetary loss. Recent statistics show that on an average, 8% tweets contain spam and other malicious content. In our existing system which does not focus on detecting phishing but on suspicious URLs in general. It uses correlated redirect chains of URLs on Twitter to detect phishing URLs. However, it may fail if the spammers use short redirect chain or multiple page-level redirects. This research paper describes a newly developed Trend Distributed methodology that correlates the format of tweets with sending agents to detect phishing messages. we propose a distributed methodology to automatically detect phishing tweets in realtime . We use machine learning classification techniques and detect phishing tweets with a higher accuracy than of existing systems . We have deployed our system for end-users by providing a new browser.
Comparison of PCR with ELISA in Diagnosis of recent Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant women

Background: Maternal infection with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is frequently associated with transplacental transmission to the fetus. Early diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is necessary to get effective treatment and prevent fetal complications. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the use of PCR and compare it with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of Toxoplasma recent infections in sera of pregnant women. Methodology: one hundred and thirty pregnant women were included in this study ranging in age from 1738 years selected from patients attending outpatient clinics of the Obstetric & Gynecology Department at Zagazig University Hospital. They were divided into 2 groups, control group of 30 healthy pregnant women and case group of 100 complicated pregnancy states. Both groups were tested for the presence of Toxoplasma DNA in their blood by PCR and specific antibodies to Toxoplasma by ELISA. The results obtained were recorded to evaluate the best technique to detect recent infection. Results: Out of 130 subjects of the study, 62 (47.7%) & 47 (36.15%) cases had positive results for ELISA anti-T. gondii (IgG) and (IgM). In the control group, five (3.85 %) & two women (1.5%) had positive results respectively with statistically highly significant difference(P < 0.001). 73 cases (56.1%) had positive PCR results, 27 cases (20.8 %) and all controls were negative. with highly significant increase of PCR positivity in patient compared with controls (P<0.001). Sensitivity & Specificity of ELISA IgG were 71. % & 63% respectively with accuracy of 69% and of IgM was 54.7% & 74.1% respectively with accuracy of 60% when compared with PCR. There is significant association between women in contact with soil or cats and positive ELISA & PCR. Conclusion: this study highlights the need for a confirmatory test to detect primary acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. It demonstrates the possibility of defining and selecting the high-risk cases for mother-to-child transmission of infection by combining specific serology and PCR tests to formulate a specific approach. Tox-IgG indicated catching Toxoplasma infection but not enough to determine recent infection, while PCR besides, being valuable in diagnosing it. [Reda L. El Gamal, Monira A. Selim, Sabah M.A. Mohamed, Ghada M. Fathy and Sara A.Abdel Rahman. Comparison of PCR with ELISA in Diagnosis of recent Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant women. J Am Sci 2013;9(12):824-832]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.jofamericanscience. org. 105
Collaborative Filtering Approach Based Recommender Systems

One of the potent personalization technologies powering the adaptive web is collaborative filtering. Collaborative filtering (CF) is the process of filtering or evaluating items through the opinions of other people. CF technology brings together the opinions of large interconnected communities on the web, supporting filtering of substantial quantities of data. In this chapter we introduce the core concepts of collaborative filtering, its primary uses for users of the adaptive web, the theory and practice of CF algorithms, and design decisions regarding rating systems and acquisition of ratings. We also discuss how to evaluate CF systems, and the evolution of rich interaction interfaces. We close the chapter with discussions of the challenges of privacy particular to a CF recommendation service and important open research questions in the field.
A special Tree based index structure for efficient data searching in cloud data

: Cloud computing yields a variety of advantages like high storage space, shared resources and less management etc. Searchable encryption schemes are implemented to store the encrypted data. But this approach suffers from lack of security. To overcome this problem, a new tree based structure having Greedy Depth First Search algorithm is implemented to perform search process. Vector space and term frequency in addition to inverse document frequency are the two mechanisms responsible for efficient index and query generation. This approach involves UDMRS schemes which are more secure and efficient and it performs various operations like insertion and deletion of documents.
Characterization of Petroleum Crude Oils by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometery. Pet Petro Chem Eng J 2018, 2(2): 000148

We attempted to analyze light, medium, and heavy petroleum crude oils by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and gas chromatographic mass spectrometry (GC-MS) so as to identify and quantify the various hydrocarbon group types and heteroatom-containing hydrocarbons. The results inferred that the crude oils studied have quite similar individual hydrocarbons but differ in hydrocarbon group types i.e. paraffinic, olefinic, naphthenic, and aromatic group types and carbon range products distributions. The RCP-I is dominated by C11–C13, while RCN-II and RCA-III by C5-C10 range
A Novel Cryptographic Data Security Approach for Banking Industry to Adopt Cloud Computing

: As the advancement in technology ,banking industry is facing several changes. Customer is now at the driving seat of new financial industry scenario as the whole control is now in the hands of customer. Due to the prospering technology, traditional banking has totally changed. Banks need to establish a new customer driven environment with innovation in business models . Being a most trending technology many organizations wants to adopt clouds as a cost effective strategy ,to provide innovative client services and to increase and manage IT efficiency . But banking industry still have some issues such as security ,privacy ,compliance and authenticity which somewhere produces an obstacle to adopt this flexible and agile technology. So there is a need for some mechanism which can provide a secured cloud environment in banking industry. This paper presents a mechanism to secure the cloud in banking industry by combining some algorithms viz; Password Based Key Derivation Function (PBKDF2),Argon2, AES-256 and IDA algorithm. This paper also shows features of clouds and security challenges of clouds in banking industry.
Maximum Power Point Tracking For Photovoltaic Systems Under Partial Shading

Partial shading in photovoltaic (PV) arrays renders conventional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)techniques ineffective. The reduced efficiency of shaded PV arrays is a significant obstacle in the rapid growth of the solar power systems. Thus, addressing the output power mismatch and partial shading effects is of paramount value.Under partially shaded conditions, I-U characteristic of PV array exhibits multiple stairs, and P-U characteristic of PV array shows multiple peaks.In such a condition, the global search abilityof ant colony optimization (ACO) and local search capabilityof P&O method are integrated to yield faster andefficient convergence. The satisfactory steady-state and dynamic Performances of this new hybrid technique under variable Irradiance and temperature levels show the superiority over the state of the other control methods Keywords— Ant-colony optimization (ACO), maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT), photovoltaic (PV) systems, perturb and observe (P&O).
THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS IN DETERMINING STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN GHANA

The Socio-Economic Status (SES) of families is an important determinant of child learning outcomes. The current study contributes to the debate on SES on learning outcomes. As part of a longitudinal study on teaching effectiveness in Ghana, this paper examines the effects of SES on child academic performance in mathematics. A representative sample of 73 primary schools in Ghana was selected and written tests in mathematics were administered to all grade 6 students of the school sample both at the beginning and end of the school year 2013–2014. Data on student background factors were also collected. Our analytical techniques (i.e., multilevel modelling) take into account the hierarchical structure of schools (i.e., students nested within classes, and within schools. The factors that stood out more clearly as important for achievement were prior knowledge in mathematics, mothers’ educational level and fathers’ occupational status. Implications of the findings are drawn.
Therapeutic Effect of Combinatorial Probiotics to Protect Intestinal Barrier Function

Aims: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim was to study the effect of combinatorial probiotics in the transwell co-culture model to ameliorate IBD. Main Methods: Caco-2 cells co-cultured with RAW cell. LPS was added to induce inflammation. Probiotics were used to treat LPS induced inflammation on Caco-2 cell. TER (transepithelial electrical resistance) was measured in various experimental conditions. NO (Nitric oxide) and NBT (nitroblue tetrazolium) assays were performed to measure anti-oxidative property of probiotics and MTS assay for cell viability. Key Findings: At 6 hours of incubation, TER of Caco-2 cell was decreased significantly by 15.17% in comparison to control when RAW 264.7 cell treated with LPS. Interestingly, TER was increased by 11.42% after addition of probiotics in Caco-2 cell under same experimental condition. Concentration of NO production in Caco-2 cell was increased by 3.64 fold when RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS and was decreased by 2.10 fold with addition of probiotics. Generation of superoxide in caco2 cell significantly increased by 158.33% when RAW cell stimulated with LPS and it decreased by 54.84% in addition of probiotics. Viability of Caco-2 cell was increased when probiotics were added. Significance: Our combinatorial probiotics improved intestinal barrier function by increasing TER, might be through up-regulation of tight junction proteins. There might be soluble inducers which secreted by this combinatorial probiotics and improved intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis. It also showed NO and O·̄2 scavenging activities as a result it improved health of intestinal epithelial cell by anti-oxidant properties.
Exploring Freebase Potentials for Big Data Challenges

--As Big Data investments are persistently growing worldwide by businesses and governments as well, enterprises currently recognize their Big Data as a priceless source for business process improvement and sustainability. Consequently, Big Data practitioners might face difficulties in accessing real-world big datasets. However, open-data portals, such as Freebase, present new insights for researchers to facilitate accessibility to massive datasets. The paper provides an exploratory study of Freebase in an attempt to demystify its actual potentials for building applications able to process Big Data. For that, Freebase is deconstructed by explaining its technical features, data model and querying capabilities. Furthermore, the differences between the two approaches of Freebase and Wikipedia are highlighted in a comparative perspective. (Abstract)
A REVIEW AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TECHNIQUES FOR DIAGNOSIS OF PULMONARY DISEASES

According to the statistics of world health organization (WHO) lung diseases are one of the major causes of deaths worldwide. To control these casualties due to pulmonary diseases, the preliminary diagnosis should be more effective and accurate. The common monitoring and diagnostic techniques for the pulmonary diseases are lung auscultation, spirometry, roentgenography and bronchoscopy. In this paper these techniques are discussed with their brief principle of operation indicating their advantages and limitations. Significant studies and research work for these techniques have been briefly reviewed so that they can be compared. Various papers and articles from national and international journals, conferences, books, and websites were used as the resource for this paper. A comparative analysis has been carried out based on this study to find out simple yet accurate diagnosis technique for pulmonary disease which will also be helpful in home and long term monitoring. The possibility of distant monitoring and diagnosis is also investigated. The result of this analysis shows that the lung auscultation technique in phonopulmonography configuration is a better option for the diagnosis of the pulmonary disease. This study will invite and encourage more research in the field of detection and diagnosis of pulmonary diseases.
Analysis on Real-Time Multimodal Biometric Recognition Using Surf Feature

: Fusion of information plays an effective role in multimodal recognition systems. Fusion of image or information can occur at different levels. In this paper feature level image fusion is used. Fusion at the feature level involves the integration of feature sets corresponding to multiple modalities. Since the feature set contains richer information about the raw biometric data than the match score or the final decision, integration at this level is expected to provide better recognition results. Feature extraction can be performed by using SURF which is a local feature detector and descriptor that can be used for tasks such as object recognition. Here, two different combinations of multimodal biometrics systems are performed. One very important area of image processing, in which algorithms are used to detect and isolate various desired portions or shapes (features). This paper explores a comparison of two most popular algorithms. The algorithms are Joint Sparse Representation code (JSRC) and Multiple kernel learning (MKL). Feature fusion algorithms are applied to each multimodal biometric system individually and the performance of the system is analyzed. In this paper, a feature fusion technique is proposed that considers the class associations in feature sets, and the method was called as Discriminant correlation Technique (DCT), eliminates the between class correlation and restricts the correlations to be within classes.
Invitro Treatment of Blue Ticks Using a Phytosubstance

Ticks are some of the most devastating ectoparasites of livestock causing several tick borne diseases. Management of ticks is increasing getting difficulty using synthetic acaricides due their rapid tolerance to the synthetic acaricides. Botanical acaricides are now used as an alternative management strategy to curb such problems. The blue tick, Rhiphicephalus (Boophilus) decolaratus, is a one-host tick that parasitizes cattle and vectors a debilitating protozoan parasite that causes babesiosis. Acaricidal properties of thyme were investigated on the cattle blue tick, R.B. decolaratus using various concentrations to establish the lethal dose concentration. The acaridal activity of thyme on ticks was monitored and recorded at two-hour intervals for 48 hours. Tick mortality was observed at all concentrations except the control. The lowest mortality rate was observed for 10μl/cm3 while 40μl/cm3 resulted in total tick mortality. The LC50 was established as 1,9μl/cm3. Significant differences (p<0.01) were observed between concentrations, however the mortality was directly proportional to thyme concentration. The thyme oil dehydrated the ticks leading to death within 48 hours. The study thus concludes that thyme oil can be used as a complimentary or alternative acaricide in an integrated livestock program or where organic means are enforced or to as a way of minimizing tolerance of ticks to conventional acaricides.