Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experiences of Pregnant and Parenting Female Students in Social Work Doctoral Programs

ABSTRACT Women in many fields have described challenges during their doctoral work due to pregnancy and parenting, but no research has explored these issues within social work education. This cross-sectional survey describes pregnant and parenting female students’ (N=75) experiences in social work doctoral education. Participants identified challenges in finding balance between family and academic responsibilities, a lack of supports and resources for pregnant and parenting students, decreased productivity, and less access to professional development opportunities due to pregnancy or parenting. While many received informal support from faculty, chairs, and mentors, few had access to accommodations, like parental leave, official lactation spaces, and childcare and some described implicit bias and stigma against caregiving. Implications for social work doctoral programs conclude the article.
Perceptions of the COVID-19 Pandemic among Women with Infertility: Correlations with Dispositional Optimism

People who are more optimistic may experience better psychological health during stressful times. The present study examined the perceptions and emotions surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic among American women who were experiencing fertility problems. We tested if dispositional optimism in these women was associated with less negative perceptions and emotions. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of patients from a single private infertility and reproductive clinic in an urban area in the Midwest, United States. Women, age 18 or older, primarily White and educated, who presented for an appointment to the clinic were invited to participate in an email-based survey. Respondents (N = 304) reported their perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on fertility treatment, emotions associated with this impact, and perceived stress and depressive symptoms. They also completed measures of dispositional optimism and expectations for a future pregnancy. Findings indicated that women perceived an overall negative impact of the pandemic on their treatment plans, which was associated with more negative emotions, lower expectations of future pregnancy, and greater stress and depressive symptoms during the pandemic. However, further correlational analyses revealed that being higher in trait optimism was associated with perceiving a less negative impact of the pandemic, experiencing fewer negative emotions, and less overall stress and depressive symptoms. Although women with fertility problems have perceived the pandemic as negative and disruptive, those who are higher in optimism may be less affected.
Finite Element Modal Analysis of BKX-I Parallel Kinematic Machine

Based on the structure of the BKX-Ⅰ Parallel Kinematic Machine(PKM),Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model for modal analysis of theBKX-Ⅰ PKM is presented by using the software ANSYS,and the first 4 extended natural frequencies and mode shapes of the BKX-Ⅰ PKM are abtained. Then, the Experimental Modal Analysis of the BKX-Ⅰ PKM has been completed to demonstrate the correctness of the FEA model. Furthermore, the first natural frequency maps are produced in some different configurations of the BKX-Ⅰ PKM and the weak parts are indicated.
An Insight into the Structural Requirements and Pharmacophore Identification of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors to Combat Oxidative Stress at High Altitudes: An In-Silico Approach

Carbonic anhydrases (CA) inhibitory action could be linked to the treatment of a number of ailments, including cancer, osteoporosis, glaucoma, and several neurological problems. For the development of effective CA inhibitors, a variety of heterocyclic rings have been investigated. Furthermore, at high altitudes, oxygen pressure drops, resulting in the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and CA inhibitors having role in combating this oxidative stress. Acetazolamide contains thiadiazole ring, which has aroused researchers’ interest because of its CA inhibitory action. In the present study, we used a number of drug design tools, such as pharmacophore modeling, 3D QSAR, docking, and virtual screening on twenty-seven 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives that have been described as potential CA inhibitors in the literature. An atom-based 3D-QSAR analysis was carried out to determine the contribution of individual atoms to model generation, while a pharmacophore mapping investigation was carried out to find the common unique pharmacophoric properties required for biological activity. The coefficient of determination for both the training and test sets were statistically significant in the generated model. The best QSAR model was chosen based on the values of R2 (0.8757) and Q2 (0.7888). A molecular docking study was also conducted against the most potent analogue 4m, which has the highest SP docking score (−5.217) (PDB ID: 6g3v). The virtual screening revealed a number of promising compounds. The screened compound ZINC77699643 interacted with the amino acid residues, Pro201 and Thr199, in the virtual screening study (PDB ID: 6g3v). These interactions demonstrated the significance of the CA inhibitory activity of the compound. Furthermore, ADME study revealed useful information regarding compound’s drug-like properties. Therefore, the findings of the present investigation could aid in the development of more potent CA inhibitors, which could benefit the treatment of oxidative stress at high altitudes.
Cell-based immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary glial brain tumor. It has an unfavorable prognosis and relatively ineffective treatment protocols, with the median survival of patients being ~15 months. Tumor resistance to treatment is associated with its cancer stem cells (CSCs). At present, there is no medication or technologies that have the ability to completely eradicate CSCs, and immunotherapy (IT) is only able to prolong the patient's life. The present review aimed to investigate systemic solutions for issues associated with immunosuppression, such as ineffective IT and the creation of optimal conditions for CSCs to fulfill their lethal potential. The present review also investigated the main methods involved in local immunosuppression treatment, and highlighted the associated disadvantages. In addition, novel treatment options and targets for the elimination and regulation of CSCs with adaptive and active IT are discussed. Antagonists of TGF-β inhibitors, immune checkpoints and other targeted medication are also summarized. The role of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the mechanisms underlying systemic immune suppression development in cases of GBM is analyzed, and the potential reprogramming of HSCs during their interaction with cancer cells is discussed. Moreover, the present review emphasizes the importance of the aforementioned interactions in the development of immune tolerance and the inactivation of the immune system in neoplastic processes. The possibility of solving the problem of systemic immunosuppression during transplantation of donor HSCs is discussed.
Pressure Distribution in Solid Section of Helically Grooved Feed Single-screw Extruders

In the feeding sleeve several helical grooves were opened up.Regarding the materials between groove and channel as a solid-plug,the barrel and screw could be considered as an indivisible system to cooperatively push forward the materials in solid conveying zone.A mathematical model was formulated to consider the influences of the compressibility and the acceleration of the materials,the pressure and the velocity of the solid-plug in the down-channel were calculated.Finally,it was found that when the solid-plug was being carried by way of positive conveying,the peak pressure at the end of solid conveying zone was strikingly promoted and the materials could be stably extruded.
Urban Resilience for Urban Sustainability: Concepts, Dimensions, and Perspectives

Urbanization is a continuous process for a city’s economic development. Though rapid urbanization provides a huge employment opportunity for people, urban threats also increase proportionately due to natural and man-made hazards. Understanding urban resilience and sustainability is an urgent matter to face hazards in the rapidly urbanized world. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the concept and develop key indications of urban resilience and sustainability from the existing literature. A systematic literature review guided by PRISMA has been conducted using literature from 1 January 2001 to 30 November 2021. It argues that sustainability and resilience are interrelated paradigms that emphasize a system’s capacity to move toward desirable development paths. Resilience and sustainability are fundamentally concerned with preserving societal health and well-being within the context of a broader framework of environmental change. There are significant differences in their emphasis and time scales, particularly in the context of urbanization. This study has identified key indicators of urban resilience under three major components like adaptive capacity (education, health, food, and water), absorptive capacity (community support, urban green space, protective infrastructure, access to transport), and transformative capacity (communication technology, collaboration of multi-stakeholders, emergency services of government, community-oriented urban planning). This study also identified several indicators under major dimensions (social, economic, and environmental) of urban sustainability. The findings will be fruitful in understanding the dynamics of urban vulnerability and resilience and its measurement and management strategy from developed indicators.
Deformation and stability analysis of underground stope after excavation considering strain softening

In order to study the three dimensional stability of one large underground stope after excavation,the numerical software FLAC3D was used to simulate the deformation and failure situation of the surrounding rock mass.The characteristics of strain softening were considered during calculation.The calculation results show that during the procedure of excavation,the displacements of surrounding rock mass increase gradually,the excavation steps of 1_3,2_3 and 4 lead to the largest increment of displacement;the failure height of stope after excavation steps of 1_1-1_2 is about 40 m,while the excavation of 1_3 leads to the failure height of 80 m.The excavation steps of 2_1 and 2_2 lead to few increments of displacement,while the 2_3 excavation step leads to great increment of displacement,which is 120 m displacement for this excavation step.The main stope and 1,2 stopes connect with each other after the fourth excavation step,which leads to the great increase of plastic zone areas,and the height of failure is about 150 m.Then after the fourth excavation step,the displacement increment is small for the same step.That is because the excavation step which can influence the stability of gob areas has finished.At last,the failure height reaches about 160 m.The results obtained from calculation can give guidance to the real practice.
First-Principal Investigation of Lattice Constants of Si1-xGex, Si1-xSnx and Ge1-xSnx

Silicon-based materials are significant candidates for electronic and optoelectronic applications because of their high electron and hole mobility. Si1-xGex, Si1-xSnx and Ge1-xSnx are currently hot materials in the field of fabricanting silicon-based light-emitting sources. At present, GeSn has been experimentally proved to have a direct band gap structure and achieve photoluminescence. But the more practical electroluminescence has not been realized. There are two reasons of these: one is the cost of experiment is high, which makes it impossible to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth study on these materials; Additionally, the variational laws of the lattice constants have not been reported due to the lack of theoretical and experimental data. In this paper, the lattice constants and bowing factor of Si1-xGex, Si1-xSnx and Ge1-xSnx have been studied by the first-principles method based on density functional theory (DFT) combined with the Special Quasirandom Structures (SQS) and hybrid function of Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) functional correction. Comparing the calculated data with the reported theoretical and experimental data, the results show our method is more accurate. In addition, the lattice constant fitting formulas of Si1-xGex, Si1-xSnx and Ge1-xSnx are given, it shows Si1-xSnx can reduce the lattice mismatch when Si1-xSnx as the buffer between Si and GeSn alloy.
Do training programs promote identification and treatment in cases of elder abuse in Long Term Care (LTC) facilities?

ABSTRACT To examine the impact of training on detection and reporting cases of elder abuse and neglect perpetrated by staff in LTC facilities and to compare staff with previous training to those with no training. A quantitative study in which questionnaires were collected from 250 multi- professional participants at a training seminar. Trainees with previous training on elder abuse reported higher perceived self-efficacy, higher intention to take action asking residents direct questions on abuse, to refer and report cases of elder abuse. They identified more cases of elder abuse in comparison to trainees without previous training. Findings indicate a positive relationship between perceived self-efficacy and intention to take action, and between perceived self-efficacy and direct questioning and referral for further inquiry. Training professionals is essential in coping effectively with elder abuse and neglect in LTC facilities.
Morphometric variations associated with breeding season in obtuse barracuda, Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829 observed from the commercial fish landings at Vizhinjam, Kerala, India

Obtuse barracuda (Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829) is one of the common species available throughout the year in the landings from traditional fishing crafts and contribute much to the total landings along Thiruvananthapuram coast, Kerala. Since all size groups are available throughout, the present study was carried out to find out the morphometric variations of the species with respect to its breeding season. A total of 9 morphometric variables and weight were recorded monthly from 429 fishes, landed at Vizhinjam fish landing center (Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala) for two years from January 2017 to December 2018. Analysis of variance (One Way ANOVA) along with post hoc comparisons (DMR test) of the morphometric variables comparing breeding seasons (pre spawning, spawning and post spawning) revealed significant (P < 0.05) variations in weight, head length, snout length, snout to pre-nostril length, inter-dorsal length and caudal peduncle length in total population (N=429). Seasonal comparison of male population (n=176) alone also showed significant difference similar to total population except head length and female population (n=253) registered significant difference in only three variables (snout length, snout to pre-dorsal length and caudal peduncle length). Morphometric ratios (TL: SL, SnL: SL, Sn-Plvc: SL, Intr-Drsl: SL and CPL: SL) showed significant variations between the seasons. Principal component analysis extracted three variables ratio, TL: SL, SnL: SL and CPL: SL as contributing factors for morphometric variations in breeding season. Rate of growth in terms of morphometric ratios showed more fluctuations than measured variables, which clearly emphasized the shift in growth rate from length to weight dependency during breeding season.
Relationship between mindfulness and perceived stress in first year medical students of a medical college in Nepal: a cross-sectional observational study

Introduction: Though mindfulness-based strategy is receiving attention to manage stress among medical students globally, role of mindfulness in the Nepalese context has not been studied. We aimed to study the relationship between perceived stress and trait mindfulness among first year medical students in a medical college in Nepal. Materials and methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in which all of the participants completed the structured self-administered questionnaire online. Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale was used to assess trait mindfulness and Perceived Stress Scale to assess perceived stress. Information about some potential stressors was also collected. Simple correlation as well as multiple linear regression analysis supplemented with relative weight analysis were performed to study the relationships. Results: Seventy-nine out of 99 first year medical students of the college participated in the study. Mean mindful attention awareness score was 3.88 (SD=0.78) and mean perceived stress score was 21.98 (SD=6.03). Perceived stress score correlated negatively and significantly with mindfulness score (Pearson’s r= -0.38, 95% CI= -0.56 to -0.18, p-value = 0.0005). Relative weight analysis also revealed significant and comparable (but in opposite direction) predictor roles of mindfulness and perceived academic course difficulty in prediction of perceived stress. However, sex, home country, perceived economic pressure, perceived peer pressure and perceived study environment adversity did not reach predictor significance in the relative weight analysis. Conclusions: Trait mindfulness is a significant predictor of perceived stress among first year medical students in the Nepalese context. Higher mindfulness is associated with lower perceived stress.
The Healing Power of Clean Rivers: In Silico Evaluation of the Antipsoriatic Potential of Apiin and Hyperoside Plant Metabolites Contained in River Waters

Humanity may benefit greatly from intact riverine ecosystems not only because they supply water to be used in the most common human activities, but also for the effects that clean rivers can have on human health. Herein, we used a computational approach to show that some phytochemicals produced by riparian plants as secondary metabolites, which are naturally released into river waters, can have therapeutic properties. These include antipsoriatic activities which we demonstrated in silico by modelling the interaction of apiin, guanosine and hyperoside, a few main river plant metabolites, with NF-kB, IL-17 and IL-36, which are recognized targets involved in psoriasis disease. In particular, we found that apiin and hyperoside are endowed with docking energies and binding affinities which are more favorable than the known reference inhibitors of the three protein targets whilst, in silico, guanosine shows comparable activity with respect to the inhibitors of IL-36 and NF-kB. The low skin permeation (logKp < −8) we predicted for apiin and hyperoside led us to hypothesize their possible utilization as topic antipsoriatic therapeutics, and in particular after PAINS (pan-assay interference compounds) score evaluation, we reached the conclusion that apiin, with no predicted tendency to react nonspecifically with the numerous targets involved in the biological cellular pathways, is particularly interesting for the desired therapeutic application.
Solar disinfection - An appropriate water treatment method to inactivate faecal bacteria in cold climates.

Solar disinfection (SODIS) is an inexpensive drinking water treatment method applied in tropical and sub-tropical low-income countries. However, it has been unclear whether it functions adequately also in colder climates. To investigate this issue, SODIS experiments were performed in the humid continental climate of Finland by exposing faecally contaminated drinking water to natural solar radiation at different water temperatures (8-23 °C) and UV intensities (12-19 W/m2) in polyethylene (PE) bags. To establish an adequate benchmark, SODIS experiments with the same experimental design were additionally conducted in the Mediterranean climate of Spain in typical conditions of SODIS application (~39 °C and 42 W/m2). Out of all experiments, the highest coliform and enterococci inactivation efficiencies in terms of lowest required doses for 4-log disinfection (25 Wh/m2 and 60 Wh/m2, respectively) were obtained in humid continental climate at the lowest studied mean water temperature (8-11 °C). Despite the low mean UV irradiance (~19 Wh/m2), 4-log disinfection of coliforms and enterococci were also reached fast in these conditions (1 h 27 min and 3 h 18 min, respectively). Overall, the doses required for disinfection increased as the water temperatures and UV intensities of the experiments rose. Disinfection of 4-logs (> 99.99%) of both bacteria was reached in all SODIS experiments within six hours, suggesting SODIS could be a sufficient household water treatment method also in colder climates, unlike previously thought. The effects of different water temperatures on bacterial inactivation were also tested in the absence of sunlight. Together the obtained results indicate that while water temperatures below or close to the optima of coliforms and enterococci (~10 °C) alone do not cause inactivation, these temperatures may enhance SODIS performance. This phenomenon is attributed to slower bacterial metabolism and hence slower photorepair induced by the low water temperature.
G-Protein Coupled Receptor Dysregulation May Play Roles in Severe Preeclampsia—A Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis of Placental Gene Expression Profile

Preeclampsia is one of the major hypertensive diseases of pregnancy. Genetic factors contribute to abnormal placentation. The inadequate transformation of cytotrophoblasts causes failure of maternal spiral arteries’ remodeling and results in narrow, atherotic-prone vessels, leading to relative placental ischemia. This study aims to explore the possibility of identifying dysregulated gene networks that may offer a potential target in the possible prevention of preeclampsia. We performed a weighted gene correlated network analysis (WGCNA) on a subset of gene expression profiles of placental tissues from severe preeclamptic pregnancies. We identified a gene module (number of genes = 402, GS = 0.35, p = 0.02) enriched for several G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-related genes with significant protein–protein molecular interaction (number of genes = 38, FDR = 0.0007) that may play key roles in preeclampsia. Some genes are noted to play key roles in preeclampsia, including LPAR4/5, CRLR, NPY, TACR1/2, and SFRP4/5, whose functions generally relate to angiogenesis and vasodilation or vasoconstriction. Other upregulated genes, including olfactory and orexigenic genes, serve limited functions in the disease pathogenesis. Altogether, this study shows the utility of WGCNA in exploring possible new gene targets, and additionally reinforces the feasibility of targeting GPCRs that may offer intervention against development and disease progression among severe preeclampsia patients.
A Cyclic-Small-Gain-Based Adaptive Fuzzy Control of Interconnected Systems

This article investigates a novel adaptive fuzzy decentralized output-feedback control method for a class of uncertain large-scale interconnected nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics and immeasurable states. By employing fuzzy logic systems, the unknown nonlinear dynamics are estimated. Moreover, the immeasurable states are approximated by constructing a fuzzy decentralized state observer. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and decentralized backstepping technique, the Lyapunov functions are constructed in a recursive way for each subsystem. In the last step of our process, an overall Lyapunov function is proposed to realize the control objective. Differing from other works, the interconnection influence of the large-scale system is compensated with a more relaxed assumption by introducing the cyclic-small-gain condition. Under the proposed control method, the closed-loop system is capable of being semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded. Furthermore, the observer and stabilizing errors are able to be bounded by an arbitrarily small residual set around the origin. Finally, a simulation with comparison is provided to illustrate the viability of the presented control scheme.