Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reply to Capecitabine dosing is not yet optimized for breast cancer

We thank Drs Hudis, Traina and Norton for their interest in our article. We are all in agreement that optimally dosed capecitabine offers important safety advantages over other chemotherapy options and that a randomized trial comparing capecitabine regimens would be the most appropriate way to identify the optimal dose. However, the feasibility of such a trial when there are arguably more pressing questions to answer in randomized trials is problematic. While the authors’ carefully designed 7/7 regimen is of interest and has shown promising activity, the available data from small single-arm phase II studies (25 patients treated with capecitabine 7/7 plus bevacizumab; 11 patients treated with capecitabine 7/7 plus lapatinib) [1, 2] provide less robust information than those derived from large, randomized phase III trials of capecitabine 1000 mg/m twice daily, such as RIBBON-1 (with bevacizumab) [3] and EGF100151 (with lapatinib) [4]. Furthermore, we note that despite the meticulous design of the regimen, 16 (64%) of 25 patients receiving capecitabine 7/7 plus bevacizumab nevertheless le tt e rs to
Current Practice in Meeting Child Health Needs in Family Support Services: Variation by Service Type and Perspectives on Future Developments

The needs of all service users include those related to physical, emotional, sexual and mental health. This article documents where child health needs are recognised and being met within family support services in the west of Ireland, investigates whether there is variation across different types of family support services and presents the views of service providers as to how health needs could be more fully addressed. Four randomly selected service managers were interviewed; followed by a census survey of managers within the region. Thirty-three managers returned questionnaires (80% response) on their formal briefs in relation to health, perceived health needs being met and unmet, approaches to meeting health needs and resources required to adequately meet client health needs. Emotional and mental health needs were most frequently being met within current services, while group work, one-to-one work and referring on were all popular approaches. Systematic differences emerged by service size and client group. Access to expertise and staff training were perceived as the most popular approaches to improving service provision. These data illustrate that there is a need to develop guidelines for practice, foster links between services and provide for specialised staff training in relation to child health issues.
Tinnitus

Mine is pulsatile I hear my own heartbeat 24/7 not like a drum but high-pitched and bent like the sound of tiny sirens passing by. At night it saves me from counting sheep. By day it masks ambient noise intrusive thoughts disquieting silence. I've grown to like listening to my heart, wish I could have done it earlier in life when it was harder to hear, near impossible to feel. Call it a gift of age a symptom of mortality or how about thisa doorbell whose insistent ring will one day be answered. And then? I'll glide through the wide open door in silence. Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Tinnitus," by V. Masson.
Extracranial Carotid Disease and Effect of Intra-arterial Treatment in Patients With Proximal Anterior Circulation Stroke in MR CLEAN.

Background The presence of extracranial carotid disease (ECD) is associated with less favorable clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by intracranial proximal occlusion. Acute intra-arterial treatment (IAT) in the setting of extracranial and intracranial lesions is considered challenging, and whether it yields improved outcomes remains uncertain. Objective To examine whether the presence of ECD modified the effect of IAT for intracranial proximal anterior circulation occlusion. Design Prespecified subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in the Netherlands. (Trial registrations: NTR1804 [Netherlands Trial Register] and ISRCTN10888758). Setting 16 hospitals in the Netherlands. Patients Acute ischemic stroke caused by proximal intracranial arterial occlusion of the anterior circulation. Extracranial carotid disease was defined as cervical internal carotid artery stenosis (>50%) or occlusion. Intervention IAT treatment versus no IAT. Measurements The primary outcome was functional outcome, as measured by the modified Rankin Scale at 90 days and reported as adjusted common odds ratio (acOR) for a shift in direction of a better outcome. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis with an interaction term was used to estimate treatment effect modification by ECD. Results The overall acOR was 1.67 (95% CI, 1.21 to 2.30) in favor of the intervention. The acOR was 3.1 (CI, 1.7 to 5.8) in the prespecified subgroup of patients with ECD versus 1.3 (CI, 0.9 to 1.9) in patients presenting without ECD. Both acORs are in favor of the intervention (P for interaction = 0.07). Limitation The study was not powered for subgroup analysis. Conclusion Intra-arterial treatment may be at least as effective in patients with ECD as in those without ECD, and it should not be withheld in these complex patients with acute ischemic stroke. Primary Funding Source Dutch Heart Foundation, AngioCare BV, Medtronic/Covidien/EV3, MEDAC Gmbh/LAMEPRO, Penumbra, Stryker, and Top Medical/Concentric.
Pseudostenosis at the Origin of the Vertebral Artery on Contrast-enhanced MRA: Correlation with Aortic Motion on Dynamic 3D Time-Resolved Contrast-Enhanced MRA

Purpose : The origin of the vertebral artery (VA) is a frequent site of pseudostenosis on contrast-enhanced MRA (CEMRA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the motion of the aortic arch and pseudostenosis at the origin of the VA. Materials and Methods: Our study had approval of our institutional review board. 47 patients underwent CT angiography (CTA), CE-MRA, and 3D time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRA (TR-CEMRA) within 6.87±9.89 days (mean±SD). Percent stenosis using the NASCET criteria was measured on CTA and CE-MRA. CTA was used as a reference standard to classify the CE-MRA into pseudostenosis and control group. Pseudostenosis was determined as 50%99% stenosis observed on CE-MRA but normal to less than 50% stenosis on CTA. Aortic motion (distance between the highest position and lowest position of aortic arch) was measured on TR-CEMRA. Age, route of intravenous contrast media, motion of aortic arch, and normal distal diameter of VA were compared between the two groups. Results: There were 17 patients and 23 vertebral arteries of pseudostenosis. Patients with pseudostenosis showed more aortic motion (3.61±1.88 vs. 2.05±1.97 mm) and older age (71.29±8.88 vs. 62.32±13.19 year-old). Route of intravenous contrast media and normal distal diameter of VA were not associated with pseudostenosis. Conclusion: VA origin is a frequent site of pseudostenosis. Older age and more motion of aortic arch are associated with pseudostenosis on CE-MRA.
Factors of Anticipatory Nausea and Vomiting in Cancer Patients

Methods. The conceptual framework was derived from Roy’ s Adaptation Model. The subjects for this study were 66 adult patients with various types of cancers, who were scheduled for a third cycle of chemotherapy or above. Results. 47% of the patients experienced anticipatory nausea and vomiting. Conclusion. The study identified two factors, psychological symptoms (p=.002) and severity of post-chemotherapy nausea and vomiting(p=.004), which are directly related to anticipatory nausea and vomiting. These two factors accounted for 39.5% of the anticipatory nausea and vomiting. Identified environmental cues were awareness of hospital setting, sensory stimuli, and experience of chemotherapy which induced nausea and vomiting. Strategies for relieving anticipatory nausea and vomiting taken by cancer patients were religion, reminiscence, distracting imagery, positive thinking, relaxation and physical exercise.
SURVEILLANCE OF BORDER DISEASE IN WILD UNGULATES AND AN OUTBREAK IN PYRENEAN CHAMOIS (RUPICAPRA PYRENAICA PYRENAICA) IN ANDORRA

The Principality of Andorra is surrounded by areas in which Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) populations were severely affected by infection with border disease virus (BDV) which caused disease outbreaks between 2001 and 2009. Nevertheless, the Andorran chamois populations were not affected during this period. In light of the severe impact of BDV on several of the neighboring Pyrenean chamois populations, we monitored local Andorran populations in an effort to detect pestivirus antibodies and BDV in wild ungulates. In addition, an episode of mortality between 2009 and 2010 in chamois was investigated. We analyzed samples (spleen or serum) from 175 Pyrenean chamois, 284 European mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon), 13 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus capreolus), and five wild boars (Sus scrofa castilianus). With the exception of three dead chamois found between 2009 and 2010, all samples came from healthy animals hunted during the hunting season. A commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test sera for antibodies against pestivirus. Positive sera were tested with a comparative virus neutralization test (VNT) using three BDV strains and a bovine viral diarrhea virus strain. Reverse-transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on all sera and spleen homogenates. Antibodies against pestivirus were detected by ELISA in four of the 69 chamois (5%; 95% CI= 1.29–13.11). The VNT confirmed three of these chamois were infected with a BDV. Viral RNA was detected by RT-PCR in three chamois—one apparently healthy animal hunted in 2009 and two dead animals. Viral sequences showed that the three chamois were infected with a BDV-4, the same genotype that was involved in previous episodes of mortality in the Pyrenees. Although Pyrenean chamois from Andorra had had little contact with the pestiviruses until 2009, in this year BDV was associated with a severe disease outbreak.
LANDSCAPE FEATURES AND RESERVOIR OCCURRENCE AFFECTING THE RISK FOR EQUINE INFECTION WITH BORNA DISEASE VIRUS

Abstract Borna disease (BD) is a severe endemic and fatal disorder caused by the neurotropic Borna disease virus (BDV) which mainly occurs in horses and sheep. Borna disease virus belongs to the order Mononegavirales, which includes many reservoir-bound viruses with high zoonotic and pathogenic properties including the filoviruses and lyssaviruses. Clinically manifest BD occurs in endemic areas of Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and Austria. A seasonal accumulation of cases in spring and summer, incidences that vary from year to year, and the recent detection of BDV in bicolored shrews (Crocidura leucodon) in Swiss endemic areas argue for a natural reservoir. We established a geographic information system analysis of the distribution of 485 equine BD cases in Bavarian (Germany) endemic areas and of the occurrence of 285 records of C. leucodon captured in Bavaria. Boosted regression trees were used to identify driving factors of habitat choice and virus prevalence. The distribution model of C. leucodon and the prevalence model for BDV had very good accuracy. Mean annual precipitation <900 mm, mean annual temperatures of 8 C, elevation <350 m, low forest cover, and a high percentage of urban fabric and arable land describe the optimal habitat for C. leucodon. Occurrence probability of C. leucodon was significantly higher in Bavarian BDV-endemic areas than in random areas in Bavaria. The prevalence of BD was higher in urban areas with annual mean precipitation of 800–900 mm, annual mean temperature of 8 C, and elevation >500 m. Our results indicate that the distribution model can accurately predict BD occurrence. Based on these results, practical safety precautions could be derived. The BDV model represents a suitable system for reservoir-bound, neurotropic Mononegavirales because it allows analyzing ecologic and biologic aspects that determine virus abundance, maintenance in reservoir species, and transmission to end host species.
Serologic Evidence for Selected Infectious Diseases in Marsican Brown Bears (Ursus arctos marsicanus) in Italy (2004–09)

Abstract We tested 30 serum samples collected during 2004–09 from 22 free-ranging Marsican brown bears (Ursus arctos marsicanus) in the National Park of Abruzzo, Lazio, and Molise, Italy, for antibodies against canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), Brucella spp. , and eight Leptospira interrogans sensu lato serovars. Antibody to CDV was detected in 11 samples (37%); only two bears (10%) had detectable CAV-2 and Brucella spp. antibodies; three bears were positive for L. interrogans serovar Bratislava; and one sample had antibody against L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni. All samples were positive for CPV-2 antibody. The CPV-2 antibody titers varied from 1∶640 to 1∶10,240, suggesting that transmission was still active. Fifty percent of bears were positive for antibody to two or more pathogens. Our results highlight the need to consider infectious diseases as a potential risk for Marsican brown bear conservation.
Serologic Survey for Cross-Species Pathogens in Urban Coyotes (Canis latrans), Colorado, USA

Abstract As coyotes (Canis latrans) adapt to living in urban environments, the opportunity for cross-species transmission of pathogens may increase. We investigated the prevalence of antibodies to pathogens that are either zoonotic or affect multiple animal species in urban coyotes in the Denver metropolitan area, Colorado, USA, in 2012. We assayed for antibodies to canine parvovirus-2, canine distemper virus, rabies virus, Toxoplasma gondii, Yersinia pestis, and serotypes of Leptospira interrogans. Overall, 84% of the animals had antibodies to canine parvovirus-2, 44% for canine distemper virus, 20% for T. gondii (IgG), 28% for Y. pestis, and 4% for L. interrogans serotype Grippotyphosa. No neutralizing antibodies were detected to rabies virus, T. gondii (IgM), or L. interrogans serotypes other than Grippotyphosa. With 88% of animals exposed to at least one pathogen, our results suggest that coyotes may serve as important reservoirs and sentinels for etiologic agents.
Detection of Wellfleet Bay Virus Antibodies in Sea Birds of the Northeastern USA

Abstract Wellfleet Bay virus (WFBV) is a recently described orthomyxovirus isolated from the tissues of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) collected during recurrent mortality events on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, US. Coastal Massachusetts is the only location where disease or mortality associated with this virus has been detected in wild birds, and a previous seroprevalence study found a significantly higher frequency of viral exposure in eiders from this location than from other areas sampled in North America. This suggests that coastal Massachusetts is an epicenter of WFBV exposure, but the reason for this is unknown. Opportunistic sampling of sympatric species and testing of banked serum was used to investigate potential host range and spatiotemporal patterns of WFBV exposure. Antibodies were detected in Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus), Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis), a White-winged Scoter (Melanitta fusca), and a Black Scoter (Melanitta nigra). These findings demonstrate the likely occurrence of fall/winter transmission, expand our understanding of the host range of the virus, and provide further insight into the epidemiology of WFBV in the northeastern US.
First in human phase I trial of the PARP inhibitor AG-014699 with temozolomide (TMZ) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors

3065 Background: AG-014699 inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a key enzyme in DNA repair. AG-014699 sensitizes cancer cells to DNA damaging drugs such as TMZ. AG-014699 is the first PARP inhibitor to be evaluated in cancer patients. Methods: In part 1 of the study, pts with solid tumors received AG-014699 + TMZ daily x 5 every 28 days. TMZ dose was half of standard (100 mg/m2 po) and AG-014699 (30 min infusion) was escalated up to the PARP-inhibitory dose (PID) as determined by PARP activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). We defined PID as maximal (at least >50%) reduction in PARP activity 24 hr after AG-014699. In part 2, AG-014699 dose was fixed at PID and TMZ was escalated to maximum tolerated dose or 200 mg/m2 in metastatic melanoma pts. Endpoints included safety, efficacy, PK and tumor PARP activity (obligatory in part 2). Overall objective based on xenograft data was to achieve > 40% PARP inhibition in tumor. Results: 27 pts enrolled, safety data available on first 18. In part 1.
Ethnic Differences in Utilization of an Outpatient Clinic in the Netherlands: a study of diabetes patients and patients with gastrointestinal symptoms

textabstractLoes Lanting werd geboren op 11 april 1966 te Groningen. In 1985 behaalde zij het atheneum diploma aan het Heymans-College in Groningen. Na het afronden van het HBO-Verpleegkunde te Groningen werkte zij een paar jaar als verpleegkundige in het toenmalige Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen. In dat ziekenhuis specialiseerde zij zich als Intensive Care verpleegkundige. Daarna heeft ze gedurende negen jaar als IC-verpleegkundige op de Intensive Care Interne Geneeskunde van het Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht gewerkt. In 2000 behaalde zij haar doctoraal gezondheidswetenschappen aan de Universiteit Maastricht. Van 2001 tot 2005 werkte zij als onderzoeker op de afdeling Maatschappelijke Gezondheidszorg, Erasmus Medisch Centrum Rotterdam. Hier heeft zij het onderzoek uitgevoerd dat in dit proefschrift beschreven staat. Sinds 2005 is zij in dienst van Stichting Consument en Veiligheid in Amsterdam. Van daaruit is ze gedetacheerd bij het Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (centrum Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenningen) in Bilthoven met als hoofdtaak het schrijven van een rapport over letsels in Nederland en de mogelijkheden tot preventie.
Generation of 41 mW of blue radiation by frequency doubling of a GaAlAs diode laser

A monolithic ring resonator of KNbO3 was used for efficient frequency doubling of a 856 nm GaAlAs diode laser. A special electronic servo technique was devised to lock the diode laser frequency to the KNbO3 cavity so that stable generation of blue output was obtained. With 105 mW of incident near‐infrared power, 41 mW of 428 nm radiation were produced. The conversion efficiency from electrical input power into the diode laser to blue output was ∼10%.
Effects of a 12-week community exercise programme on older people.

AIM To measure the effectiveness of a 12-week exercise intervention in reducing the health risks associated with physical decline in people aged 60 and older. METHOD An intervention group took part in a 12-week exercise programme. The intervention and comparison groups undertook the Senior Fitness Test at baseline, 12 weeks, six months and 12 months. Focus groups were conducted with the intervention and comparison groups at 12 weeks, then again with the intervention group after 12 months. RESULTS Fitness increased significantly (P>0.001) after 12 weeks of exercise in the intervention group. Results demonstrated significant difference between intervention and comparison groups' fitness at six months (P>0.01) and 12 months (P>0.001) respectively. Focus groups supported the results, suggesting exercise increased independence and quality of life. CONCLUSION Nurses can promote exercise in patients to reduce social isolation, increase independence and improve quality of life. The findings from this study may be useful during the development of community services for older adults.
Review of Two Approaches for the Care of Elderly Hip Fracture Patient

Introduction: Protocols for caring for elderly hip fracture patients vary among hospitals. The purpose of this study was to examine two different approaches of care for this patient population at our institution. Methods: Retrospective review of 389 consecutive patients 65 years and older with the diagnosis of a low- energy, hip fracture between January 2006 and May 2010. 227 consecutive patients for which a nonstandard method of admission (OP) to either medicine (133 patients) or orthopedic service (94 patients) were compared to a new plan of care (NP) that included 162 consecutive patients in which all patients were admitted to medicine. We evaluated perioperative complications rates, time to surgery (TTS), and length of hospital stay (LOS). Results: There were no significant differences in LOS, TTS, 30 day re-admission, rapid response codes, perioperative complications or death between either model of care. The NP did demonstrate a significant increase in patients being transfused (51.85% vs. 36.56%) and number of patients being diagnosed with Vitamin D deficiency (42.12% vs. 20.70%). Conclusion: While our change in protocol did not alter the rate of perioperative complications, nor did it provide quicker care or shorter hospital stays, it did provide more comprehensive osteoporosis care to our patients
Reflections on the added value of using mixed methods in the SCAPE study.

AIM To reflect on the added value that a mixed method design gave in a large national evaluation study of specialist and advanced practice (SCAPE), and to propose a reporting guide that could help make explicit the added value of mixed methods in other studies. BACKGROUND Recently, researchers have focused on how to carry out mixed methods research (MMR) rigorously. The value-added claims for MMR include the capacity to exploit the strengths and compensate for weakness inherent in single designs, generate comprehensive description of phenomena, produce more convincing results for funders or policy-makers and build methodological expertise. DATA SOURCES Data illustrating value added claims were drawn from the SCAPE study. REVIEW METHODS Studies about the purpose of mixed methods were identified from a search of literature. DISCUSSION The authors explain why and how they undertook components of the study, and propose a guideline to facilitate such studies. CONCLUSION If MMR is to become the third methodological paradigm, then articulation of what extra benefit MMR adds to a study is essential. The authors conclude that MMR has added value and found the guideline useful as a way of making value claims explicit. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE/RESEARCH The clear articulation of the procedural aspects of mixed-methods research, and identification of a guideline to facilitate such research, will enable researchers to learn more effectively from each other.