Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Evolution From Metal Horns to Metahorns: The development of EM horns from their inception to the present day

The development of horn antennas is described from their inception in the 1890s to the present. Our main objective is to describe the advancement of their fundamental features, which are often driven by applications. The horn antennas discussed here were selected based on their significant concept advancements and are listed in chronological order within each class based on their first publication. Until the 1960s, only metal horns were used. In the 1970s, horns with dielectric loading were developed and resulted in several new and advanced horn designs. The latest renaissance in horn technology was fueled by the advent of metamaterials over the last 15 years, enabling horns with metasurfaces (metahorns) and horns with metalenses in particular. We now have air-filled, dielectric-loaded, and metamaterial-loaded horns; from inception, we have seen the transformation from metal horns to metahorns. More details will be supplied in the following sections.
Error Analysis and Correction in the Testing of Frequency Response for Actuators

In order to improve testing precision of frequency response of actuators,systematic error produced by the testing system is analyzed with the phase error caused by A/D multiplex sampling discussed specially.Based on error analysis,a method of correction is advanced which can amend the amplitude and phase frequency characteristics using the frequency response data of the testing system.Experimental results showed that the testing system can cause phase delay and amplitude decay of testing signals and the systematic error can be corrected effectively by testing the frequency response of the testing system.
A Formal Two Stage Triage Process Model (FTSTPM) for Digital Forensic Practice

Due to the rapid increase of digital based evidence, the requirement for the timely identification, examination and interpretation of digital evidence is becoming more essential. In certain investigations such as child abductions, pedophiles, missing or exploited persons, time becomes extremely important as in some cases, it is the difference between life and death for the victim. Moreover, the growing number of computer systems being submitted to digital forensic laboratories is creating a backlog of cases that can delay investigations and negatively affect public safety and the criminal justice system. To deal with these problems, there is a need for more effective ‘onsite’ triage methods to enable the investigators to acquire information in a timely manner, and to reduce the number of computer systems that are submitted to DFLs for analysis. This paper presents a Formal Two-Stage Triage Process Model fulfilling the needs of an onsite triage examination process.
Origins and Mechanisms of Bias Instability Noise in a Three-Axis Mode-Matched MEMS Gyroscope

In this paper, we examine the origins of bias instability in three-axis, mode-matched MEMS gyroscopes. Reducing this drift phenomenon is crucial for highly accurate navigation in applications, such as automated driving or indoor localization. We show that for a typical MEMS gyroscope, bias instability noise becomes the dominant orientation error component after less than 10 s of integration time. A model-based approach summarizing the most common sources of zero-rate offset is combined with a detailed experimental analysis. We find naturally occurring flicker noise acting on the frequency tuning electrodes to be the dominant source of bias instability for the in-plane axis. By controlling the frequency tuning state, we establish an unprecedented value for bias instability of an automotive-type MEMS gyroscope of lower than 0.1 dph—more than a factor 10 improvement from its performance in ordinary operation. Furthermore, we analyze the so far sparsely studied effect of scale-factor instability, which is an increase of drift that scales with applied angular rate. This phenomenon is particularly important for applications, where high angular rates are common, such as dead-reckoning with smart-phones. As out-of-plane MEMS gyroscopes are significantly more challenging to manufacture, their performance has been studied much less. The out-of-plane axes in this paper are shown to exhibit a complex composition of bias instability sources with a total level as low as 0.7 dph. The presented gyroscopes were furthermore designed for ultra-low white noise. The angle random walk (ARW) is lower than 2.5 md/s/rtHz in all three axes. [2018-0165]
Task Offloading in Vehicular Mobile Edge Computing: A Matching-Theoretic Framework

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is an emerging technology that leverages computing, storage, and network resources deployed in the proximity of users to offload terminals from computationintensive and delay-sensitive tasks. In this article, a vehicular MEC system is studied where edges, such as MEC servers deployed at roadside units (RSUs), and vehicles with excessive computing resources are able to provide offloading opportunities to other vehicles having limited computation capabilities. We first review the latest MEC research. Then, we focus on the task of offloading in an incomplete information environment and model the interactions between tasks and edges as a matching game. Our main objective is to minimize the average delay while taking into account vehicle mobility and energy consumption constraints. We elaborate on two typical application scenarios, namely, interference-free orthogonal multipleaccess (OMA) networks and interference nonorthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) networks, and develop two separate heuristic algorithms to solve the delay minimization problem. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
Analysis of Internal Gas Leaks in an MCFC System Package for an LNG-Fueled Ship

The airflow inside the housing of a 300-kW molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) system is designed to ensure safety in case of a gas leak by applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. In particular, gas accumulating zones are identified to prevent damage to vulnerable components from high temperature and pressure. Furthermore, the location of the alarm unit with the gas-leak detector is recommended for construction of safe MCFC ships. In order to achieve this, a flow-tracking and contour field (for gas, temperature, and pressure) including a fuel-cell stack module, balance-of-plant, and various pipes is developed. With the simulated flow field, temperature flow is interpreted for the heating conditions of each component or pipe in order to find out where the temperature is concentrated inside the fuel cell system, as well as the increase in temperature at the exit. In addition, the gas leakage from the valves is investigated by using a flow simulation to analyze the gas and pressure distribution inside the fuel cell system.
Impedance Modeling and Stability Analysis of the Converters in a Double-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-Based System

Harmonic stability of double-fed induction generators (DFIGs) now has become a significant topic because of its harmful impact on power quality issues of the system. Since the double pulse width modulation (PWM) converter is one of the main harmonic sources in DFIGs, it may cause harmonic instability with increasing harmonic contents. Thus, the modeling and stability analyses of PWM converters in DFIGs are essential steps to assess the harmonic stability of DFIGs. Aiming at dual PWM converters, which include the grid side converter (GSC) and the rotor side converter (RSC), this paper divides converters into two parts: circuit modules and control modules. Closed-loop input impedance models of each module are then derived by means of transfer functions. Hence, the stability of the system can be readily predicted through Nyquist diagrams. The contributions of parameters to the system’s harmonic stability are also identified. Finally, time-domain simulations are conducted in a real-time digital simulation (RTDS) system. Simulation results confirm that the established impedance model can effectively reveal the stability of the DFIG-based system and can give critical conditions for the occurrence of harmonic instability.
MetaSurface Structures for Sensing and Communications

MetaSurfaces are used to fully control electromagnetic waves’ propagation properties. Specifically, in this paper we present a unified approach, consisting in modeling, design and practical realization, to manufacture arbitrary curvilinear MetaSurfaces. We will validate the proposed technique by designing, realizing and testing a MetaSurface structure for sensing and telecommunications applications. Good results are obtained in terms of bandwidth, polarization independence and fabrication simplicity. Most importantly, the proposed approach appears to be versatile and scalable.
Text mining and technology of dimensionality reduction

With the multidimensionality of text data,it is difficult directly to use feature space of original data to mine.The performance of text mining is poor.A general model with virtual databases and multilayer databases for text data mining is proposed.Technology of dimensionality reduction is discussed and compared.The theory can be used for reduction dimensionality of input space in order to improve performance of text mining.The feasibility of proposed methods is proved by experiment results. 
Optimal Deployment of a Heterogeneous Air Quality Sensor Network

Accurate assessment of air pollution exposure is crucial to better public health. Routine monitoring is done by standardized Air Quality Monitoring (AQM) stations, which are spread thinly due to size and cost. Recent technological developments have made Wireless Distributed Environmental Sensor Networks (WDESNs) that consist of low-cost Micro Sensing Units (MSUs) feasible. These MSUs can be spread more densely and provide higher spatial resolution data. The availability of MSUs, however, poses the challenge of selecting optimal sensors’ locations. Previous attempts assumed prior knowledge on pollution levels in the region of interest, and considered MSUs which measured only one pollutant. This paper presents a scheme for finding an optimal deployment of heterogeneous WDESN, which is based only on MSUs characteristics and land use analysis. To this end, a set of optional deployment locations (OLs) is defined. Each OL is characterized by a set of utilities of placing the various MSUs in that location. The optimization process seeks for the set of locations, under budget and resources constraints, that maximizes the overall utility. Using the suggested method leads to an intelligent deployment under a set of given premises. This is demonstrated vs. a real-world deployment scenario, with multiple types of MSUs.
A miniaturized CPW-fed on-chip UWB monopole antenna with band-notch characteristics

Abstract This paper presents the design and analysis of a miniaturized, coplanar waveguide-fed ultra-wideband monopole on-chip antenna with band-notch characteristics. By incorporating a “U”-shaped slot in the feedline, a band-notch is realized in the frequency range of 7.9–8.4 GHz to avoid interference from the X-band uplink satellite communication system. The proposed antenna achieved good voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) characteristics with VSWR value <2 for the frequency range of 2.5–20.1 GHz excluding the band-notched frequencies. The fractional bandwidth and bandwidth ratio are obtained as 156% and 8.04:1, respectively. Dominant factors that affect the center frequency and bandwidth of the notched band are thoroughly investigated. This paper addresses both frequency as well as time domain behavior of the proposed structure. Standard 675 µm thick, high resistive silicon substrate (ρ≥8 kΩ-cm, εr = 11.8, and tan δ = 0.01) is used to design the proposed compact antenna structure with a layout area of 8.5 × 11.5 mm2. Fabrication process steps along with simulated and measured data are presented here. A close analogy between simulated and measured data is observed.
Compressive Sensing-Based Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy from Fundus Image – A Sparse Approach

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an abnormality related with eye. It is caused due to alteration of the blood vessels present in the retina. If this disease is not treated at the early time, it may lead to permanent vision loss. Numerous image processing techniques including Enhancement, Segmentation, Morphology, Image Fusion, Classification and Registration have been enveloped for the early recognition of DR through blood vessels, exudes, hemorrhages and microaneurysms. This paper deals with a new approach for the analysis of proliferate and non-proliferate DR with the help of Compressive Sensing (CS) technique. CS is a sparse way of effective reconstruction of signals that works mainly on two constraints namely sparsity and incoherence. In this paper, various CS-based approaches are applied to fundus image. The results are studied and the best approach is used for Image Segmentation, Feature Extraction and Classification.
A Novel Hybrid Excited Doubly Salient Machine With Asymmetric Stator Poles

A novel hybrid excited asymmetric stator pole doubly salient machine (HEASPDSM) is proposed in this paper. The new topologies and operational principle are first investigated by using a simplified equivalent magnetic circuit model. The harmonic components of air-gap flux density are then analyzed. The influence of key structural parameters of the proposed machine on the flux regulation ability and torque is studied. A full comparison on main electromagnetic performance indexes of the proposed 12/7 (stator/rotor poles) HEASPDSPM and several traditional doubly salient machines is presented. A prototype is fabricated and tested to validate the theoretical analysis. The results well demonstrate that the HEASPDSPM possesses various merits, such as strong flux regulation capability, high torque density, low cogging torque, and low torque ripple.
MONITORAMENTO DA DEMANDA QUIMÍCA DE OXIGÊNIO BASEADO EM GRÁFICO DE CONTROLE NÃO PARAMÉTRICO NPEWMA-SN

Cartas de controle são ferramentas importantes não é uma questão de monitoramento ambiental, e as variáveis ​​indicam a qualidade da água e da degradação ambiental, nem, todavia, atendem aos pressupostos dos gráficos de controle, principalmente a normalidade, em outras palavras. Uma alternativa são os gráficos de controle não paramétricos. O presente layout é um gráfico não-paramétrico baseado no teste dos sinais ( NPEWMA-SN) e suas vantagens. Esse gráfico é um pacote de dados relacionados a Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO), num ponto do Rio São Francisco, nas coordenadas geográficas de Latitude: -19 ° 49'54 ”e Longitude: -45º17'28”. Que atende a esta situação não normalidade ou livre de distribuição para mudanças moderadas na média. Os resultados são exibidos como idênticos NPEWMA-SN é um processo melhor para o controle estatístico do processo, pois se torna o melhor em comparação com os gráficos de natureza paramétrica, até o mais robusto dos EWMA, para essa situação em específico, dados ambientais que não possuem normalidade, evitando assim o aumento de taxa de alarmes falsos.
The research on lumped parameter equivalent circuit of transmission line

Based on the frequency characteristics analysis, the selection criterion of lumped parameters circuits are presented in this paper. Firstly the Γ section equivalent circuit is introduced as the equivalent of transmission line and its validity is proved. With other lumped parameters circuits, their frequency characteristics are analyzed and compared with the distributed parameters circuit. From characteristic analysis, we estimate the effective frequency band which the lumped parameters circuit can be taken as the equivalent of transmission line. Considering the width of effective frequency and complex degree of model equation, the selection method for application is proposed. The research results showed that π section has the best approximation and Γ section has the simplest model equation. The proper application of selection method for the equivalent circuit can significantly increase the convenience and effectiveness for power system calculations. (5 pages)
Devices and Protocols for Upper Limb Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation of Children with Neuromotor Disorders

Neuromotor disorders negatively affect the sensorimotor system, limiting the ability to perform daily activities autonomously. Rehabilitation of upper limb impairments is therefore essential to improve independence and quality of life. In the last two decades, there has been a growing interest in robot-assisted rehabilitation as a beneficial way to promote children recovery process. However, a common understanding of the best drivers of an effective intervention has not been reached yet. With this aim, the current study reviewed the existing literature on robot-assisted rehabilitation protocols for upper extremities in children, with the goal of examining the effects of robotic therapy on their sensorimotor recovery process. A literature search was conducted in several electronic database to identify the studies related to the application of robotic therapy on upper limbs in the pediatric population. We analyzed three reviews and 35 studies that used 14 different robotic devices, and an overview of their characteristics, applications in the clinical setting and results is provided. Besides, the potential benefits of robot-assisted assessment and therapy are discussed to identify the key factors yielding positive outcomes in children. Finally, this review aim to lay the foundations for more effective neuroplasticity-enhancement protocols and elicit insights into robot-based approaches.
Accelerated Correction of Reflection Artifacts by Deep Neural Networks in Photo-Acoustic Tomography

Photo-Acoustic Tomography (PAT) is an emerging non-invasive hybrid modality driven by a constant yearning for superior imaging performance. The image quality, however, hinges on the acoustic reflection, which may compromise the diagnostic performance. To address this challenge, we propose to incorporate a deep neural network into conventional iterative algorithms to accelerate and improve the correction of reflection artifacts. Based on the simulated PAT dataset from computed tomography (CT) scans, this network-accelerated reconstruction approach is shown to outperform two state-of-the-art iterative algorithms in terms of the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the structural similarity (SSIM) in the presence of noise. The proposed network also demonstrates considerably higher computational efficiency than conventional iterative algorithms, which are time-consuming and cumbersome.
A Hybrid Control of a Semidual-Active-Bridge DC–DC Converter With Minimum Current Stress

With the conventional secondary phase-shifted (PS) control, a semidual-active-bridge (S-DAB) dc–dc converter suffers from low efficiency at light load in buck mode due to hard switching and high tank current. In order to avoid this phenomenon and extend soft-switching range, a hybrid control including the primary pulsewidth modulation plus secondary phase-shifted (PWM+PS) is proposed in this paper. Under the proposed hybrid control, all steady-state operation modes with distinctive features are identified and analyzed. Based on the operation range, power characteristics and switching behaviors in each mode, a minimum peak current control route is developed, which can enable the converter to work with low tank current and soft switching over the whole load range. A lab-scale S-DAB converter is implemented to validate the theoretical analysis, and experimental results reveal that the higher efficiency can be achieved using the proposed control route.
Electric Vehicles as Flexibility Management Strategy for the Electricity System—A Comparison between Different Regions of Europe

This study considers whether electric vehicles (EVs) can be exploited as a flexibility management strategy to stimulate investments in and operation of renewable electricity under stringent CO2 constraints in four regions with different conditions for renewable electricity (Sweden, Germany, the UK, and Spain). The study applies a cost-minimisation investment model and an electricity dispatch model of the European electricity system, assuming three types of charging strategies for EVs. The results show that vehicle-to-grid (V2G), i.e., the possibility to discharging the EV batteries back to grid, facilitates an increase in investments and generation from solar photovoltaics (PVs) compare to the scenario without EVs, in all regions except Sweden. Without the possibility to store electricity in EV batteries across different days, which is a technical limitation of this type of model, EVs increase the share of wind power by only a few percentage points in Sweden, even if Sweden is a region with good conditions for wind power. Full electrification of the road transport sector, including also dynamic power transfer for trucks and buses, would decrease the need for investments in peak power in all four regions by at least 50%, as compared to a scenario without EVs or with uncontrolled charging of EVs, provided that an optimal charging strategy and V2G are implemented for the passenger vehicles.
Topology optimization of bimorph piezoelectric energy harvesters considering variable electrode location

With the advances on additive manufacturing techniques for piezoelectric materials, it is becoming steadily more viable to produce piezoelectric structures with complex geometries. Since such devices can have more sophisticated shapes, the application of topology optimization techniques can be used to explore optimized topologies for piezoelectric energy harvesters with varying thickness. In this context, challenges arise in the application of the electrode equipotential constraints during the optimization process. In this work, an algebraic formulation was proposed to tackle this issue when optimizing a harvester’s topology. A bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester with series connection of the piezoceramic layers was modeled under plane strain hypothesis in the thickness profile, first not applying and then considering periodicity constraints in the optimization process, while concurrently improving the electrodes. This paper shows how the open-circuit harvesting device was modeled and its finite element formulation. Lastly, an adaptation of the bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization method is proposed, in order to approach this problem.
Classification Evaluation Model of Statistic Data Based on Multiattribute Decision-making

Since there is great significance of Classification Evaluation Model of Statistic Data in thematic mapping,GIS space analysis and data mining.This paper analyzes and researches the existent classification evaluation model,then a new classification evaluation model of statistic data——the classification evaluation model of multiattribute decision-making is put forward,based on mathematical statistic and decision-making theoretics,choosing the classification precision,the quantity of information and classification distance as the attribute,and working out the value of power with the method of entropy.Finally,the classification evaluation model of multiattribute decision-making is presented.The testing system is established in which a lots of data experiments are conducted.Through experiments,it proves that the new evaluation model has a great effect on a relatively scientific method selecting quickly classification model for users.