Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant activity of Salvia jurisicii Košanin ethanol extracts

In this study, ethanol extracts (96%, 50%, 30% and 10%) of Salvia jurisicii Kosanin whole plant and different parts (leaves and stems) were investigated for in vitro antioxidant 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2ʹ-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS) free radical-scavenging activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The largest extract yields were obtained from the 50% and 30% leaf extracts (21.22% and 19.85%, respectively). The 50% and 96% ethanol extracts of whole plants showed the highest activities against DPPH radical (97.1 and 100.6 µg/ml, respectively) whereas leaf extracts were superior in the ABTS test (1.76 and 1.65 mg AAE/g, for 96% and 50%, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were ranged in similar orders for the various extracts: 96%>50%>30%>10%. Ethanol extracts of leaves were the richest in phenols and flavonoids, followed by the whole plant and stems. A very strong linear correlation between ABTS activity and phenolic content of extracts was established (r=0.932). The results suggest that the herb Salvia jurisicii , particularly the leaves, could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants.
The nature and origin of non-marine 10 Å clay from the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene of the Isle of Wight (Hampshire Basin), UK

Abstract Variegated palaeosols, which formed from weathering of clays, silts and brackish to freshwater limestones, are present in the Late Eocene-Early Oligocene Solent Group of the Hampshire Basin, southern UK. The composition and origin of the clay in three segments of the lower part of the Solent Group have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, microprobe analysis, inductively coupled plasma-mas spectrometry, K/Ar dating, high resolution scanning electron microscopy, analytical transmission electron microscopy and wet chemistry. The detrital clay mineral suite is dominated by illite and smectite with minor kaolinite and chlorite. Seasonal wetting and drying in gley soils has resulted in replacement of smectite by Fe-rich, or illite-rich illite- smectite. Illite has also formed with gypsum and calcite in ephemeral hypersaline alkaline lakes that periodically dried out This illite may have precipitated directly from solution. X-ray diffraction data and probe analyses indicate that the neoformed illite is Fe-rich. The K and Fe for the illitization are thought to be derived from weathered glauconite reworked from the underlying Bracklesham Group and Barton Beds.
Evaluation of Spinosad against Malathion and Deltamethrin Resistant Population of Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica in Andhra Pradesh, India

In India, annual storage losses were estimated as 13.98 million tonnes of food grains worth of Rs. 6845 crores of every year. Out of this, food grain losses due to insects alone account for nearly Rs.1275 crores (Mohan and Kavitharaghavan, 2008). In India, approximately 10 per cent of food grains were lost during storage and half of which is due to insect pests (Narang, 2002). During storage, various biotic and abiotic factors are responsible in deterioration of physical and chemical quality of the food grains and amongst the biotic factors, insect pests cause the major damage. Among the several storage insect pests, the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera), is a primary pest of stored food grains such as paddy, wheat, maize and sorghum but can also infest various other commodities including pulses and dried cassava root. The beetle has been reported to be highly polyphagous and cosmopolitan in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, but it has also been found in some warm and temperate regions (Potter, 1935; Haines, 1991). The weight loss in wheat by the feeding of grub and adult stages of R. dominica was 5 and 149 mg kg -1 , respectively (Hagstrum and International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) pp. 165-171 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Electrospun polyamide 4.6 nanofibrous nonwovens: parameter study and characterization

The aliphatic polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6) has unique properties compared to the commonly used polyamides 6 (PA 6) and 6.6 (PA 6.6). The purpose of this paper is to produce uniform and reproducible nanofibrous PA 4.6 structures. Therefore, a mixture of the solvent formic acid and the nonsolvent acetic acid is used to dissolve and electrospin the PA 4.6. First the steady-state behaviour of the process and the boundary limits of the solution parameters needed for steady-state electrospinning are investigated. Subsequently, the effect of several solution and process parameters on the fibre morphology is examined, using microscopic techniques and thermal analysis. The polyamide concentration is found to be the dominant parameter affecting the fibre diameter and morphology. Furthermore, tensile tests are performed on upscaled nanofibrous structures and electrospun under optimised steady-state conditions. It is shown that the PA 4.6 nanofibrous structures, compared to nanofibrous nonwovens of PA 6 and PA 6.6, have a higher stress and strain at break.
Sex allocation, pollen limitation and masting in whitebark pine

Masting, the synchronous and episodic production of seed crops, is thought to benefit plant reproductive success through positive density‐dependent effects on pollination, dispersal and seed survival. Of these, only increased pollination efficiency in mast years can be a proximate mechanism for masting by synchronizing reproductive effort across individuals through pollen coupling. Increased pollination efficiency requires synchronous investment in male and female function during mast years. Sex allocation theory, however, predicts a trade‐off in investment between male and female reproductive allocation dependent on total resources invested in reproduction. We describe patterns of sex allocation in Pinus albicaulis (whitebark pine), using data on pollen and seed cone counts over 5 years for 29 trees across 7 sites in Montana, U.S.A. Whitebark pine seed cone maturation increased with site pollen cone production, indicating pollen limitation, and pollen and seed cone production were positively correlated across years. Simulating mature seed cone production from these empirical relationships resulted in greater average mature seed cone production than alternative scenarios of (i) no synchrony between pollen cone production and pollen cone initiation, (ii) negative correlation (trade‐off) between seed cone initiation and pollen cone production or (iii) no masting. Synthesis. Our data support a role for pollination efficiency in both increasing long‐term seed production and as a proximate mechanism for synchronizing masting in Pinus albicaulis. Increased pollination efficiency joins greater seed dispersal and survival in mast years seen in other studies, as an additional positive density‐dependent benefit of masting. Positive density‐dependent fitness benefits may therefore influence patterns of sex allocation in relation to total resources invested in reproduction. The pollen limitation found here combined with stand isolation and reduced tree density due to mortality from forest pests and other environmental stressors may lead to reduced seed cone maturation and changes in masting patterns.
Some aspects of the industrial capital market in Ireland

Industry in Ireland is financed in a variety of ways—by public issues, retained profits and depreciation allowances, trade credit, loans from commercial banks, the Industrial Credit Company Ltd. and hire-purchase concerns, government grants, etc. This paper is not concerned with the broader aspects of investment in Irish industry. There is need for such a review but it is not attempted in the present paper, which has the more limited objective of bringing together some facts relating to investment by the public in Irish industry, and of indicating—largely by reference to experience elsewhere—what might be done to improve the institutional and other facilities for this investment. This means that a large part of the remarks which follow will relate to the Stock Exchanges and to their functions and potentialities in channelling Irish savings into Irish industry. I use the plural though my remarks will be confined to the Dublin Stock Exchange. There is little published information available in connection with the Cork Exchange which in recent years has a membership of about 10, as compared with Dublin's 70-80. There are some stockbrokers— about a dozen or so—in Limerick, G-alway, Waterf ord and Wexf ord who are members of the British Provincial Brokers Stock Exchange but there is no published record of their activities. In giving evidence to the Fulbright Committee on Banking, Mr. William McC. Martin, Chairman of the Board of Governors of the United States Federal Reserve System, is quoted as saying :
Title CZT-1 is a novel transcription factor controlling cell death and natural drug resistance in neurospora crassa Permalink

We pinpoint CZT-1 (cell death–activated zinc cluster transcription factor) as a novel transcription factor involved in tolerance to cell death induced by the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine in Neurospora crassa. Transcriptional profiling of staurosporine-treated wild-type cells by RNA-sequencing showed that genes encoding the machinery for protein synthesis are enriched among the genes repressed by the drug. Functional category enrichment analyses also show that genes encoding components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are downregulated by staurosporine, whereas genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum activities are upregulated. In contrast, a staurosporine-treated Dczt-1 deletion strain is unable to repress the genes for the respiratory chain and to induce the genes related to the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating a role for CZT-1 in the regulation of activity of these organelles. The Dczt-1 mutant strain displays increased reactive oxygen species accumulation on insult with staurosporine. A genome-wide association study of a wild population of N. crassa isolates pointed out genes associated with a cell death role of CZT-1, including catalase-1 (cat-1) and apoptosis-inducing factor–homologous mitochondrion-associated inducer of death 2 (amid-2). Importantly, differences in the expression of czt-1 correlates with resistance to staurosporine among wild isolate strains. Our results reveal a novel transcription factor that regulates drug resistance and cell death in response to staurosporine in laboratory strains as well as in wild isolates of N. crassa.
An alternative way of assessing girls who have been sexually abused : using Gestalt therapy for assessment purposes

This article reports on the findings of a qualitative study which explored the use of Gestalt therapy (initially intended for therapeutic purposes) during the assessment of young girls who had been sexually abused. The research employed a clinical case study design, situated within the context of psychotherapy outcome research. Nine intervention sessions were conducted with each of two primary school girls, with an analysis of existing documentation, interviews, observation, field notes, visual techniques, and a researcher journal being used as data collection and documentation strategies. Although various traditional assessment strategies exist for children who have been sexually abused, there has recently been some debate regarding the suitability of such techniques in a contemporary South African context characterised by diverse needs and interests. In addition, children who have been sexually abused often experience difficulties in identifying with traditional assessment procedures, suggesting the need for alternative strategies which could be employed with success. In this article it is argued that Gestalt therapy, and the techniques associated with the approach, might effectively be applied as a possible modality of intervening with this vulnerable group of children. Based on the outcome of the present intervention, it seems clear that such an alternative Gestalt-based assessment approach allows for the assessment of participants' emotional and behavioural functioning, as well as the defence mechanisms they employ in an attempt to escape reality and associated painful memories. As a secondary outcome, certain positive emotional and behavioural changes were detected subsequent to the intervention.
Pre-processing of inkjet prints NIR spectral data for principal component analysis

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach in non-destructive analysis of inkjet-printed documents. Our method is based on the combination of molecular spectroscopy in the Near Infrared Region (NIR) and a chemometric method - principal component analysis (PCA). The aim of this work was to prepare spectral data for the analysis of the interrelationships between 19 samples consisting of the same type of office paper on which black squares were full printed in black ink only. The spectra were obtained separately using the Ocean Optics System in two spectral regions, i.e., overtones: 1000-1600 nm and combination bands: 1600-2300 nm, with the paper base. Experimental results confirmed the high reliability of the proposed approach despite the sparse dataset.
The Influence of Education on Cancer Pain Reduction: A Systematic Review

Aims: This literature review aims to assess the contribution of pain education in reducing cancer pain. Methods and sample: An electronic search of articles was performed in CINAHL and MEDLINE with Full Text, from 2003 to 2013, using the EBSCOhost motor search at the Porto Nursing School. The studies were selected obeying search limits 'find all my search terms', 'full text', 'adult', ‘portuguese’, ‘english’ and ‘french’ languages, 'Randomised Control Trials', based on the following inclusion criteria: articles whose participants are patients with cancer pain admitted to medical and surgical units or outpatient services, articles whose intervention includes education on pain and articles which report the implications of intervention in cancer pain intensity. Results: Five studies with a high level of evidence were included in the review. Four studies reported a reduction in pain intensity after intervention, three of them with statistically significant pain reduction. Conclusions: Education can be an important resource for the reduction of pain intensity, and can be implemented by different health professionals, particularly nurses. Its implementation is recommended for the reduction of this specific type of pain. Implications for practice: It is hoped that our findings will increase nurses’ awareness of the importance of involving patients in their own care; Pain education may improve patient’s ability to manage their own pain.
The Vertical Coseismic Deformation Field of the Wenchuan Earthquake Based on the Combination of GPS and InSAR

Vertical coseisimic deformation near seismogenic fault provides meaningful information for understanding of rupture characteristics of the seismogenic fault and focal mechanism. Taking Wenchuan thrust earthquake for an example, we interpolate GPS horizontal observed deformation using Biharmonic spline interpolation and derive them into East-Westward or North-Southward deformation field. We first use reliable GPS observed value to correct InSAR reference point and to unify both GPS and InSAR coordinate frame, and then obtain a continuous vertical deformation field by combined calculation of GPS and InSAR LOS deformation field. The results show that the vertical deformation of both hanging wall and foot wall of the fault decreases rapidly, with deformation greater than 30cm within 50km across the fault zone. The uneven distribution of the vertical deformation has some peak values at near fault, mainly distributed at the southern section (Yingxiu), the middle (Beichuan) and the northern end (Qingchuan) of the seismogenic fault.
Trace metals concentrations in the sediment cores of estuary and tidal zones between Chennai and Pondicherry, along the east coast of India

Four sediment cores collected from the water depths varying between 1.0 and 1.50 m in estuarine and tidal zones between Chennai and Pondicherry, along the Tamil Nadu coast, were analysed for major elements (Fe and Al), trace metals (Mn, Zn, Cr, Co, Pb and Ni), carbonate and organic carbon contents to understand the behaviour of trace metals and their probable sources. The results reveal that Ni and Cr are higher in the Adyar estuarine sediments compared to other three sites at Muttukadu, Mamallapuram and Marakkanam. Higher content of Ni and Cr in the entire core sediments of Adyar points to mixing of sediments and bioturbation. Calculated enrichment factor (EF) with respect to upper continental crust (UCC) values show that analysed sediments are depleted in Mn, Co, Pb and enriched in Ni, Cr. Adyar estuary is highly contaminated especially with respect to Ni and Cr due to metal inputs from anthropogenic activity. Higher Fe and Mn content in Mamallapuram sediments may be due to the variability of source rock exposed in this region. The EF values of Marakkanam sediments reveal unpolluted nature and the positive correlation among Fe, Mn and other trace metals indicate the influence of early diagenetic process.
CFD Simulation of the Release of LN2 Inside a Tunnel

The present study is aimed at investigating the dispersion of nitrogen accidentally released from a liquefied nitrogen (LN2) road tanker, carrying 10.6 t of liquid product, inside a model tunnel. Two severe release scenarios have been assumed, with hole sizes 250 and 700 mm, respectively: under these conditions all the LN2 present in the tanker is completely discharged in a very short time (less than 2 min, for both scenarios). A CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) approach was used to simulate cold nitrogen dispersion. The study cases show that the massive release of liquid nitrogen within tunnels may pose serious hazards also in the case of rather short galleries: the combined effect of very low temperatures and oxygen deficiency may impair people eventually present inside the tunnel from leaving their vehicles and escape safely to the open.
A NEW THEORY FOR THE ATMOSPHERIC ENERGY SPECTRUM

The horizontal kinetic and potential energy spectra of the atmosphere near the tropopause, observed during the Global Atmospheric Sampling Program (GASP) in the 1970’s and analyzed by Nastrom and Gage (1985), have a steep−3 spectral slope on synoptic scales (≈ 3,000km1,000km) followed by a smooth transition to a shallow −5/ 3 spectral slope on the mesoscales (≈ 500km-10km). The synoptic scale−3 slope is consistent with the forward potential enstrophy cascade expected in geostrophic turbulence, but geostrophic scaling should continue to hold near and below 500km, where the transition to −5/ 3 is observed to occur. Attempts to explain the observed shallowing transition in the spectra are so far incomplete. Analysis of horizontal velocity data collected during the Pacific Exploratory Mission at altitudes between 9 and 12km over the Pacific Ocean indicate that mesoscale energy is dominated by vortical modes rather than divergent modes (Cho et al., 1999) and that the −5/ 3 slope is due to a forward energy cascade at scales smaller than 100km (Cho and Lindborg, 2001). Thus it is unlikely that the -5/3 part of the spectra is due to either a two dimensional inverse cascade or to gravity wave production by divergent flows. The ideas of geostrophic turbulence (Charney, 1971) that lead one to expect only an inverse cascade of energy in balanced dynamics explicitly negelect surface dynamics. Surface quasigeostrophic (SQG) flow, proposed by Blumen (1978) as a counterpoint to geostrophic turbulence, is the special case of quasigeostrophic (QG) dynamics with uniform potential vorticity and non-uniform potential temperature on the boundaries. In SQG the total energy of the three-dimensional system and the available potential energy (APE) on the boundaries are separately conserved. This results in an inverse cascade of total 3D energy, but a forward cascade of boundary APE, with a −5/ 3 spectral slope. Because surface kinetic energy in SQG is related to the surface APE by a constant, the kinetic energy at the boundary also exhibits a −5/ 3 spectrum. The relevance of SQG to atmospheric dynamics was considered by Blumen (1978), Juckes (1994), Held et al. (1995) and Hakim et al. (2002). Tulloch and Smith (2006) considered a depth limited SQG flow with constant stratification N, rigid lid, an isothermal lower boundary and random large-scale forcing. The kinetic energy
Glyphosate attachment on aminoactivated carriers for sample stabilization and concentration

Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) is the most widely used non-selective postemergence herbicide for weed and vegetation control. The need for monitoring glyphosate levels in environmental samples and agricultural products proceeds from its extensive use due to the unregulated application and contradictory information about its toxicity on living organisms. In order to achieve high sensitivity and reliability of glyphosate assessment, stabilization and preconcentration steps are generally required for its determination in different samples. The aim of the present study was to develop and optimize possibilities for effective glyphosate stabilization and concentration using aminoactivated nano- and microparticles of different materials. The results show that the usage of aminoactivated iron (II,III) oxide magnetic nanoparticles for the attachment and concentration of glyphosate is a prospective option to be integrated with in situ analytical technologies (e.g. biosensors), as the whole processes of glyphosate attachment was efficiently and reproductively carried out within 20 minutes.
The Effect of a Multicultural Curriculum on the Knowledge and Attitudes of Pre-service Teachers: A Curriculum Proposal

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a multicultural curriculum proposed for pre-service teachers. Quantitative aspect of the study covers data obtained through a pretest-posttest control group experimental model. Qualitative aspect of the study covers data obtained via semi-structured interview method. Independent variable of the study is the Curriculum for Designing Multicultural Educational Environments (CDMEE). “The Knowledge Test on Designing Multicultural Educational Environments” and “The Attitudes towards Multicultural Education Scale” were the tools used for collecting quantitative data. The interview form used for collecting qualitative data was prepared by the researchers. The results of the study generally indicate that the initial knowledge, attitude and awareness levels of the pre-service teachers regarding multicultural education changed significantly through the curriculum. It is also possible to say that CDMEE contributed to the pre-service teachers’ development, made them aware of individual differences and helped them feel qualified by increasing knowledge and skills.