Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Impact of Transit Fare Change on Passengers’ Accessibility

Accessibility “to” and “through” public transit has been one key transit planning indicator that reflects service quality. Occasionally, transit agencies may consider a fare change to maintain operations or to attract more passengers. However, transit agencies do not usually consider the effect of such fare change on passengers’ accessibility. This paper investigates that effect. A multinomial logit mode choice model is developed to measure the monetary value of transit users’ travel time. Then, the cumulative opportunity measure of accessibility is used to examine the change in job accessibility after a recent transit fare increase in the city of Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. The results show that the loss in job accessibility resulting from transit fare increase is inversely proportional to the length of the trip, given a flat fare structure. The findings of this paper should be kept in mind before a transit agency rethinks transit fare structures. For example, a transit agency could consider applying a zone-based fare structure as opposed to a flat fare structure to ensure better equity for all transit users.
On some constructions of new triangular norms

We discuss the properties of two types of construction of a new t-norm from a given t-norm proposed recently by B. Demant, namely the dilatation and the contraction. In general, the dilatation of a t-norm is an ordinal sum t-norm and the continuity of the outgoing t-norm is preserved. On the other hand, the contraction may violate the continuity as well as the non-continuity of the outgoing t-norm. Several examples are given.
Anatomical Indices of Cultivar and Age-related Scab Resistance and Susceptibility in Pecan Leaves1

Structural differences in leaves of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wang) K. Koch] of cultivars resistant and susceptible to the scab pathogen, Cladosporium caryigenum (Ell. et Lang) Gottwald com. nov (formerly designated Fusicladium effusum Wint.), were examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. In immature leaf tissue, cultivar resistance was correlated with fewer peltate glandular trichomes, a greater frequency of collapsed trichomes, and abundant phenolic compounds in the palisade parenchyma and bundle sheath cells compared to susceptible cultivars. In mature, scab-resistant leaves of all cultivars, trichomes were collapsed and less numerous, phenolics were abundant, and cuticular and epidermal cell wall development was greater compared to that of immature leaves.
Screening and Verification of Photosynthesis and Chloroplast-Related Genes in Mulberry by Comparative RNA-Seq and Virus-Induced Gene Silencing

Photosynthesis is one of the most important factors in mulberry growth and production. To study the photosynthetic regulatory network of mulberry we sequenced the transcriptomes of two high-yielding (E1 and E2) and one low-yielding (H32) mulberry genotypes at two-time points (10:00 and 12:00). Re-annotation of the mulberry genome based on the transcriptome sequencing data identified 22,664 high-quality protein-coding genes with a BUSCO-assessed completeness of 93.4%. A total of 6587 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in the transcriptome analysis. Functional annotation and enrichment revealed 142 out of 6587 genes involved in the photosynthetic pathway and chloroplast development. Moreover, 3 out of 142 genes were further examined using the VIGS technique; the leaves of MaCLA1- and MaTHIC-silenced plants were markedly yellowed or even white, and the leaves of MaPKP2-silenced plants showed a wrinkled appearance. The expression levels of the ensiled plants were reduced, and the levels of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were lower than those of the control plants. Co-expression analysis showed that MaCLA1 was co-expressed with CHUP1 and YSL3; MaTHIC was co-expressed with MaHSP70, MaFLN1, and MaEMB2794; MaPKP2 was mainly co-expressed with GH9B7, GH3.1, and EDA9. Protein interaction network prediction revealed that MaCLA1 was associated with RPE, TRA2, GPS1, and DXR proteins; MaTHIC was associated with TH1, PUR5, BIO2, and THI1; MaPKP2 was associated with ENOC, LOS2, and PGI1. This study offers a useful resource for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in mulberry photosynthesis and preliminary insight into the regulatory network of photosynthesis.
Performance Evaluation of Certified Teachers Using the Charlotte Danielson Model Approach

This study aims to assess the performance of teachers who have passed certification in High School/Vocational School in North Sumatra and Lampung in terms of: (1) learning planning and preparation, (2) Class Management (3) Learning Aspects. and (4) Professional Responsibilities. This research is an evaluative research using the Charlotte Danielson Model. The subjects of this study were ten teachers who had passed the certification. The research was conducted on 10 teachers with a quantitative approach. The quantitative approach uses data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires and instruments. The results of this study are: (1) the performance of certified teachers is in the Good category. with a large percentage of 82.92%, (2) the performance of certified teachers from the Classroom Management aspect is in the Good category, (3) the performance of certified teachers in interacting with students during learning is in the Good category, and (4) the performance of certified teachers shows the ability professional responsibilities as a teacher are categorized as good. However, the results are still not entirely good, because from the aspect of professional responsibility assessed, this aspect gets the lowest percentage, which is 78.75%. Of course, the professional responsibilities of certified teachers in High School/Vocational School in the Provinces of North Sumatra and Lampung need to be increased again.
A population-based survey examining the awareness of factors that are associated with male infertility in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Men's knowledge of the numerous factors linked to male infertility is poor. There haven't been many research on men's awareness of their own fertility. According to research of both men and women, men are relatively less aware of issues with fertility and reproductive health. A regionally representative sample of Saudi men took part in a web-based survey on male fertility and reproductive health over the course of three months in 2022. For the study, men between the ages of 18 and 65 were enrolled. With a mean age of 24 years, there were 444 male participants. Each participant was required to list the causes of male infertility; their knowledge of fertility was evaluated by two open-ended questions and a thorough list of associated risk factors and medical conditions. By the majority of demographic factors, the general degree of fertility knowledge remained constant. The majority of men (70 percent) claimed to have some knowledge about male fertility and reproduction. Fewer men learned about fertility via television and radio than from medical professionals or the internet.
Minimum euclidien des ordres maximaux dans les algèbres centrales à division

This work concerns the study of Euclidean minima of maximal orders in central simple algebras. In the first part, we define the concept of ideal lattice in the non-commutative case. Let A be a semi-simple algebra over Q. An ideal lattice over A is a triple (I, α, τ) where I is an ideal of A, α is a unit in AR = A ⊗Q R fixed by τ and τ is a positive involution on AR, in other words, trAR/R(xαxτ) > 0 for all x ∈ IR. We study ideal lattices, especially their Hermite invariant, to link the concepts of Euclidean minimum of a maximal order and ideal lattices of the form (Λ, α, τ). Namely, we show that we can bound the Euclidean minimum of Λ by the Hermite invariant of the ideal lattices of Λ. This upper bound allows us to calculate the Euclidean minima of some infinite families of maximal orders, when A is a quaternion skew field over Q. In the second part, we look for other ways to find upper and lower bounds of the euclidean minimum of a maximal order in a quaternion skew field. This research leads us to an exhaustive list of euclidean quaternion skew fields over Q, and their euclidean minima. The quadratic case has also been studied but remains partially unsolved. At the end, we give bounds for Euclidean minima of some maximal orders of quaternion skew fields over cyclotomic fields.
Does restoration success vary with tree size under restoration plantings and regrowth forests?

Several studies evaluate active (i.e., seeding/planting) and passive (i.e., protecting forest regrowth) restoration, but few studies examine successional patterns for different plant sizes. By using biodiversity and structure, we examined whether restoration communities approach old‐growth forests over time, and whether restoration success varies for different tree sizes in both active and passive interventions. We examined how initial site conditions affect active restoration. Small (dbh ≥ 5 cm), medium (≥15 cm), and large trees (≥30 cm) were measured in 2003–2017 in permanent sample plots in restoration plantings (initially 3–8 years old) and in an old‐growth forest in Kibale National Park, Uganda. Trees were also measured in regrowth forests (initially 16 years old) in 2011–2017. We collated information about site conditions from restoration reports. Biodiversity and structure increased over time towards the old‐growth forest. Restoration plantings and regrowth forests recovered diversity and structure of small and medium trees except for large trees. Forest recovery increased with proportions of remnant banana plants and shrubs, while isolation from the old‐growth forest slowed recovery. Disaggregating vegetation inventory data by tree size may be useful in achieving a holistic measure of restoration. Restorationists could prioritize sites with remnant banana plants and shrubs, and sites closer to old‐growth forests in order to achieve better results.
Changes in quality properties of anthocyanin, protein and amylose contents in colored rice grains during storage

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world’s most important cereal crop and is in great demand to supply stable food for over half of the worldwide population, particularly in Asia countries. Aside from nutritional value, pigmented rice is being considered a promising source of antioxidant molecules and bioactive compositions, which increasingly received much attention from researchers and food producers around the world. This study aims to determine the quality modification of “Cam”, a colored - paddy rice under the different storage conditions. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design and repeated 15 times each with packaging factors including poly amid bag (PA), polypropylene bag (PP), and Jute bag (JB). The variations of anthocyanin, protein and amylose contents during storage were determined. The results have revealed that there were no significant changes in “Cam” rice- anthocyanin and protein contents during 3 months of stock for all samples, but a slight decrease of these contents after 6 months of storage and a great decline of those for 9 and 12 month-stored samples. Meanwhile, the rice samples’ amylose content showed a lower decrease, especially for those stored in PA bags during 9 months of stock. As a result attained, this study has found the optimal to store pigmented rice paddy rice at 25°C under the vacuumed-packed PA packaging
Assessing Electroencephalography as a Stress Indicator: A VR High-Altitude Scenario Monitored through EEG and ECG

Over the last decade, virtual reality (VR) has become an increasingly accessible commodity. Head-mounted display (HMD) immersive technologies allow researchers to simulate experimental scenarios that would be unfeasible or risky in real life. An example is extreme heights exposure simulations, which can be utilized in research on stress system mobilization. Until recently, electroencephalography (EEG)-related research was focused on mental stress prompted by social or mathematical challenges, with only a few studies employing HMD VR techniques to induce stress. In this study, we combine a state-of-the-art EEG wearable device and an electrocardiography (ECG) sensor with a VR headset to provoke stress in a high-altitude scenarios while monitoring EEG and ECG biomarkers in real time. A robust pipeline for signal clearing is implemented to preprocess the noise-infiltrated (due to movement) EEG data. Statistical and correlation analysis is employed to explore the relationship between these biomarkers with stress. The participant pool is divided into two groups based on their heart rate increase, where statistically important EEG biomarker differences emerged between them. Finally, the occipital-region band power changes and occipital asymmetry alterations were found to be associated with height-related stress and brain activation in beta and gamma bands, which correlates with the results of the self-reported Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire.
Using Permutation Tests in Multiple Correlation Investigation

Abstract. An indication of correlation between dependent variable and predictors is a crucial point in building statistical regression model. The test of Pearson correlation coefficient – with relatively good power – needs to fulfill the assumption about normal distribution. In other cases only non-parametric tests can be used. This article presents a possibility and advantages of permutation tests with the discussion about proposed test statistics. The power of proposed tests was estimated on the basis of Monte Carlo experiments. The investigations were carried out for real data – a sample of refinery process parameters, where the indication of changes in correlation, even for sample with small size is very important. It creates an opportunity to react to changes and update statistical models quickly and keep acceptable quality of prediction.
Microhydrodynamics: Principles and Selected Applications

This text focuses on determining the motion of particles through a viscous fluid in bounded and unbounded flow. Its central theme is the mobility relation between particle motion and forces, and Lecture some pages from the more than through time reversibility means then plates arranged. A force distribution of the lamb's general information these properties stokes flow. Advances in late august and singularity, methods vanishing at infinity can be theoretical. Students can be theoretical questions and vanishing at these terms stokeslet. Application of stokes equations lorentz reciprocal theorem can. The are negligible in more general case of chemical. Then the body is to chemical engineering theory in stokes equations. Kim and pressure design methodology of catalysis thermodynamics transport phenomena on. In chemical engineering theory and graduate hours introduction to avoid indexing. Explain the stokeslet which is stokes equations.
Effectiveness of Fluidized Bed Material as a Calcium Source for Apples1

Fluidized bed material (FBM), a dry, high Ca, alkaline waste product which results from combining coal and limestone, was used as the sole source of Ca for ‘York Imperial’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) grown in outdoor sand cultures over 3 growing seasons. FBM treatments were compared to gypsum, applied at similar rates based on apple tree Ca requirements, and to a no Ca amended control. Over 3 years, leaf Ca was significantly enhanced by increasing levels of FBM. FBM was a better Ca source compared to gypsum applied at similar rates only during the third year. Fruit flesh Ca and the incidence of cork spot were not significantly or consistently affected by treatments. There were no visual or nutrient deficiencies or toxicities noted from the FBM nor were yields and average fruit size affected.
Attitudes towards reading amongst kindergarten and Grade 1 children

ABSTRACT The goals of the present study were to compare the reliability and convergent validity of two reading attitude measures for beginning readers and to get more insight into children’s reading attitude around the transition to formal reading instruction. 468 children in kindergarten and Grade 1 completed a more traditional questionnaire based on Aarnoutse’s (1990) Reading Attitude Scale and an alternative instrument based on Nielen et al.’s (2016) Picture Evaluation Task. Both measurements had adequate reliability for research purposes. Our analysis of the instruments' convergent validity suggested that the Picture Evaluation Task was a more appropriate task. Scores on the Picture Evaluation Task significantly correlated with reading achievement in Grade 1. Further, first graders had significantly higher scores on the Picture Evaluation Task than kindergartners, while no age effect was found on the Reading Attitude Scale. Differences in correlations between kindergarten and Grade 1 suggest that less able students’ reading attitude is negatively affected by initial difficulties in learning to read.
Object based classification of benthic habitat using Sentinel 2 imagery by applying with support vector machine and random forest algorithms in shallow waters of Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia

Abstract. Hartoni, Siregar VP, Wouthuyzen S, Agus SB. 2021. Object based classification of benthic habitat using Sentinel 2 imagery by applying with support vector machine and random forest algorithms in shallow waters of Kepulauan Seribu. Biodiversitas 23: 514-520. Benthic habitats have very high complexity and are home to many types of aquatic organisms. Benthic habitats have various functions, including habitat for flora and fauna, sediment traps, nursery areas, and foraging areas for aquatic fauna that are susceptible to damage due to human activities or natural factors. Therefore, more accurate spatial information is needed. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of object-based classification techniques for mapping shallow waters benthic habitats using Sentinel 2A imagery. The two classification algorithms used are support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF). The input image layer (IIL) used for classification is the natural color band (Band 432). The results showed that the SVM and RF classification algorithms could classify eight classes of benthic habitats. The overall accuracy (OA) of the SVM algorithm is 65%, while the RF accuracy is 67%, with kappa values of 0.59 and 0.60, respectively. The significant test applied to Sentinel 2 images with SVM and RF algorithms for benthic habitats has a Z test value of-0.41. These results indicate that the classification results between the SVM and RF algorithms are not significantly different.
Screening Tests for Salt Tolerance in Lettuce1

The response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to salinity was studied in greenhouse tests. Seven-day-old seedlings were grown in solution culture with salinity (NaCl + CaCl2, 2:1 molar ratio) ranging from 0.6 to 26 decisiemens per meter (dS m−1). Fresh weight (FW) declined as salinity increased; root weight was not affected as much as leaf weight. Regression analysis of 30-day-old seedlings showed that FW was significantly reduced at 4.6 dS m−1. FW decreased an additional 4.5% for each dS m−1 increase above 4.6 dS m−1. Results were similar 60 days after growth, and were comparable to previous field studies. A screening test for salt tolerance in lettuce was developed using sand culture. Considerable variability exists among 85 U.S. lettuce cultivars and breeding lines irrigated with 5.6 to 6.2 dS m−1 solution. ‘Climax’, ‘Climax 84’, ‘Shawnee’, ‘Tom Thumb’, ‘Fulton’, and ‘Wintergreen’ were the most tolerant cultivars tested. ‘Bibb’, ‘Ruby’, ‘Gustoverde’, ‘Prizehead’, and ‘Big Boston’ were significantly more sensitive to salinity.
The Best Place to Be? Experiences of Older Adults Living in Canadian Cohousing Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Our objective in this study was to learn about the experiences of older adults living in a cohousing community during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this qualitative exploratory study, we interviewed 13 participants living in Canadian cohousing communities between October 2021 and January 2022. One key challenge identified focused on some community members not choosing to be vaccinated for COVID-19. We identified many positive impacts including the social infrastructure, opportunities for ongoing social engagement, and the physical design of shared indoor and outdoor spaces were beneficial to the physical and mental well-being for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Supply chain resilience for single and multiple sourcing in the presence of disruption risks

This paper investigates the use of sourcing strategies to achieve supply chain resilience under disruptions. The coping strategies considered are single and multiple sourcing, backup supplier contracts, spot purchasing, and collaboration and visibility. Collaboration and visibility, which affect suppliers’ recovery capabilities and a buyer’s warning capability, have not been similarly modelled in the past. A scenario-based mathematical model is developed such that it considers objectives under uncertainties including disruption risks and operational risks. A broad numerical study examines its output for various risk attitudes in a decision-maker, ranging from risk neutral to risk averse. The sensitivity of procurement strategies to other key parameters such as recovery and warning capabilities is examined. One of the major findings is that buyer’s warning capability plays a vital role in enhancing supply chain resilience. We seek to build on these efforts to further support disruption planning and mitigation and to obtain a deeper understanding of the relationship between supply chain characteristics and resilience.
Uniqueness and regularization for unknown spacewise lower-order coefficient and source for the heat type equation

In this contribution we show sufficient conditions for simultaneous unique identification of unknown spacewise coefficients and heat source in a parabolic partial differential equation given additional final time measurements. Our approach is based on density, in suitable spaces, of the corresponding adjoint problem. A second issue of this paper is the regularization approach. The sequence of approximated solution is obtained by coupling the nonlinear Landweber iteration with iterated Tikhonov regularization. We show that the parameter-to-solution map satisfies sufficient conditions to prove stability and convergence of approximated solutions for the identification problem. We use a unified discrepancy principle as the stopping criteria. Finally, we apply the developed theory in the inverse identification problem of unknown parameters (perfusion coefficient, metabolic heat source) for the identification of tumor regions by thermography.
Carbon Balance of Peperomia obtusifolia Plants during Acclimatization to Low PPFD

The CO2 exchange rates of Peperomia obtusifolia A. Dietr. plants (tops and roots) were measured for 12-hour light and 12-hour dark cycles during 5 weeks of acclimatization at 30 µEs-1m-2. A carbon balance analysis of the data indicated that the growth conversion efficiency (Yg) remained constant (0.73 ± 0.1 and 0.77 ± 0.04 before and after acclimatization, respectively). The daily rate of substrate production from photosynthesis (ΔS/Δt) remained constant at 18 ± 2 mg C plant-1 24 hr-1, at the acclimatization photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), but the daily rate of synthesis of carbon into new material (ΔW/Δt) increased by 55% within the first week. The maintenance coefficient (m) decreased from 13.0 ± 0.9 to 7.4 ± 0.4 mg g-1 24 hr-1, and change in m may be a criterion for selection of plants that can be adapted for use at low PPFD. The light compensation point (LCP) was reduced during acclimatization, but its use underestimated the PPFD required for 24-hour plant maintenance because of failure to account for night-time respiratory losses. It is suggested that the PPFD at which ΔW/Δt is zero or slightly above is more reliable than the light compensation point for determining PPFD required for plant maintenance.