Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of oral dextrose gel for prevention of neonatal hypoglycemia (hPOD): A multicenter, double-blind randomized controlled trial

Background Neonatal hypoglycemia is common and can cause brain injury. Buccal dextrose gel is effective for treatment of neonatal hypoglycemia, and when used for prevention may reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia in babies at risk, but its clinical utility remains uncertain. Methods and findings We conducted a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial in 18 New Zealand and Australian maternity hospitals from January 2015 to May 2019. Babies at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia (maternal diabetes, late preterm, or high or low birthweight) without indications for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission were randomized to 0.5 ml/kg buccal 40% dextrose or placebo gel at 1 hour of age. Primary outcome was NICU admission, with power to detect a 4% absolute reduction. Secondary outcomes included hypoglycemia, NICU admission for hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, breastfeeding at discharge, formula feeding at 6 weeks, and maternal satisfaction. Families and clinical and study staff were unaware of treatment allocation. A total of 2,149 babies were randomized (48.7% girls). NICU admission occurred for 111/1,070 (10.4%) randomized to dextrose gel and 100/1,063 (9.4%) randomized to placebo (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.10; 95% CI 0.86, 1.42; p = 0.44). Babies randomized to dextrose gel were less likely to become hypoglycemic (blood glucose < 2.6 mmol/l) (399/1,070, 37%, versus 448/1,063, 42%; aRR 0.88; 95% CI 0.80, 0.98; p = 0.02) although NICU admission for hypoglycemia was similar between groups (65/1,070, 6.1%, versus 48/1,063, 4.5%; aRR 1.35; 95% CI 0.94, 1.94; p = 0.10). There were no differences between groups in breastfeeding at discharge from hospital (aRR 1.00; 95% CI 0.99, 1.02; p = 0.67), receipt of formula before discharge (aRR 0.99; 95% CI 0.92, 1.08; p = 0.90), and formula feeding at 6 weeks (aRR 1.01; 95% CI 0.93, 1.10; p = 0.81), and there was no hyperglycemia. Most mothers (95%) would recommend the study to friends. No adverse effects, including 2 deaths in each group, were attributable to dextrose gel. Limitations of this study included that most participants (81%) were infants of mothers with diabetes, which may limit generalizability, and a less reliable analyzer was used in 16.5% of glucose measurements. Conclusions In this placebo-controlled randomized trial, prophylactic dextrose gel 200 mg/kg did not reduce NICU admission in babies at risk of hypoglycemia but did reduce hypoglycemia. Long-term follow-up is needed to determine the clinical utility of this strategy. Trial registration ACTRN 12614001263684.
The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Chuanbai Rex rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Abstract Chuanbai Rex Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus) is a hybrid breed in Sichuan, China. In this study, we reveal the mitochondrial genome sequence of the Chuanbai Rex Rabbit for the first time. The length of the mitochondrial genome is 17,179 bp and contains 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 14 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and 1 D-loop sequence. We further provide a phylogenetic tree showing relationships among Chuanbai Rex Rabbit and other Leporidae species.
Effects of Chinese wolfberry and Astragalus extract on the antioxidant capacity of Tibetan pig liver

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of Chinese wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) and Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) extract (WAE) on the antioxidant capacity of Tibetan pig liver, and discussed the regulatory effect of WAE on the liver antioxidant mechanism. Twelve healthy 120-day-old Tibetan black pigs (35±2 kg) were divided randomly into two groups. The WAE group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 1% WAE for 90 days. The control group was fed the same diet, but without the WAE. We found that liver superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) activity (P<0.05), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) (P<0.05), and catalase (CAT) activity (P<0.01) significantly increased in the WAE group compared with the control group; malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased, but this was not significant (P >0.05). Transcriptome sequencing analysis detected 106 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to oxidative stress. GO enrichment analysis showed these DEGs were involved in the positive regulation of reactive oxygen metabolism and biosynthesis, process regulation, and regulation of the oxidative stress response. KEGG Pathway enrichment analysis showed they were enriched in the PI3K-Akt, AMPK, Rap1, and peroxisome signaling pathways. The expression levels of key peroxisome biosynthesis genes (e.g., PEX3 and PEX11B) and key antioxidant genes (e.g., CAT and SOD1) were significantly higher in the WAE group than in the control group. The PRDX1 and PRDX5 content also was significantly higher in the WAE group. This study showed that the WAE regulated the antioxidant and anti-stress ability of Tibetan pig liver through a “peroxisome antioxidant-oxidant stress” signaling pathway.
Philosophy of Economics? Three Decades of Bibliometric History

Using bibliometric data and social network analysis, this chapter maps the intellectual output of two philosophies or methodologies of economics since the early 1990s. The first set of research stems from the specialized field. We show that the existing interpretive literature captures relatively well its main divisions. The second set is made of publications that are coded as `Economic Methodology' by the JEL Classification System, but that are otherwise not part of the specialized field. We find that this other philosophy of economics has concerns that are different from field publications, including a continuing interest for the heterodoxy in economics. The existing interpretive literature has failed to recognize this diversity among philosophies of economics.
The effect of aerobic training with silymarin consumption on lipid profile in men with type 2 diabetes

DOI: 10.29252/jorjanibiomedj.8. 1.41 Abstract Background and objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease that leads to increased levels of lipids, therefore the present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training(AT) with silymarin (S)consumption on lipid profile in men with type 2 diabetes. Methods: 60 middle-aged male volunteers were randomly divided into 4 groups, including: (1) control(C) + placebo, (2) AT + placebo, (3) S consumption and (4) AT+S consumption. The AT groups performed for eight weeks, three sessions per week and 20-45 minutes per session at an intensity of 60 to 85% of the reserve heart rate, and the S groups of consumed 140 mg / kg of S daily (in two meals). Serum levels of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Cholesterol (CHO), and Triglyceride (TG) were measured before and after the test. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s test, and P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: AT reduced serum levels of LDL, CHO, TG and increased HDL in men with T2D(P ≥ 0.05). Consumption of S reduced LDL, CHO, TG and increased HDL in men with T2D(P ≥ 0.05). AT and S consumption reduced LDL, CHO, TG and increased HDL; also, decrease in LDL, CHO, TG and increase in HDL in the AT and S consumption group was more favorable than the effect of S alone (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that AT and S consumption simultaneously have interactive effects on reducing LDL, CHO, TG and increasing HDL in men with T2D.
NTS: An R Package for Nonlinear Time Series Analysis

Linear time series models are commonly used in analyzing dependent data and in forecasting. On the other hand, real phenomena often exhibit nonlinear behavior and the observed data show nonlinear dynamics. This paper introduces the R package NTS that offers various computational tools and nonlinear models for analyzing nonlinear dependent data. The package ﬁlls the gaps of several outstanding R packages for nonlinear time series analysis. Speciﬁcally, the NTS package covers the implementation of threshold autoregressive (TAR) models, autoregressive conditional mean models with exogenous variables (ACMx), functional autoregressive models, and state-space models. Users can also evaluate and compare the performance of different models and select the best one for prediction. Furthermore, the package implements ﬂexible and comprehensive sequential Monte Carlo methods (also known as particle ﬁlters) for modeling non-Gaussian or nonlinear processes. Several examples are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the NTS package
BodyStylus: Freehand On-Body Design and Fabrication of Epidermal Interfaces

In traditional body-art, designs are adjusted to the body as they are applied, enabling creative improvisation and exploration. Conventional design and fabrication methods of epidermal interfaces, however, separate these steps. With BodyStylus we present the first computer-assisted approach for on-body design and fabrication of epidermal interfaces. Inspired by traditional techniques, we propose a hand-held tool that augments freehand inking with digital support: projected in-situ guidance assists creating valid on-body circuits and aesthetic ornaments that align with the human bodyscape, while pro-active switching between inking and non-inking creates error preventing constraints. We contribute BodyStylus’s design rationale and interaction concept along with an interactive prototype that uses self-sintering conductive ink. Results of two focus group explorations showed that guidance was more appreciated by artists, while constraints appeared more useful to engineers, and that working on the body inspired critical reflection on the relationship between bodyscape, interaction, and designs.
DETECTION OF THE VULNERABLE ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE

Johanna Silvola née Haukkala DETECTION OF THE VULNERABLE ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE Pre-Clinical Evaluation of Novel PET Imaging Probes With Experimental Models From the Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland Atherosclerosis is a life-long vascular inflammatory disease and the leading cause of death in Finland and in other western societies. The development of atherosclerotic plaques is progressive and they form when lipids begin to accumulate in the vessel wall. This accumulation triggers the migration of inflammatory cells that is a hallmark of vascular inflammation. Often, this plaque will become unstable and form vulnerable plaque which may rupture causing thrombosis and in the worst case, causing myocardial infarction or stroke. Identification of these vulnerable plaques before they rupture could save lives. At present, in the clinic, there exists no appropriated, non-invasive method for their identification. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate novel positron emission tomography (PET) probes for the detection of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and to characterize, two mouse models of atherosclerosis. These studies were performed by using ex vivo and in vivo imaging modalities. The vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques was evaluated as expression of active inflammatory cells, namely macrophages. Age and the duration of high-fat diet had a drastic impact on the development of atherosclerotic plaques in mice. In imaging of atherosclerosis, 6-month-old mice, kept on high-fat diet for 4 months, showed matured, metabolically active, atherosclerotic plaques. [18F]FDG and 68Ga were accumulated in the areas representative of vulnerable plaques. However, the slow clearance of 68Ga limits its use for the plaque imaging. The novel synthesized [68Ga]DOTA-RGD and [18F]EF5 tracers demonstrated efficient uptake in plaques as compared to the healthy vessel wall, but the pharmacokinetic properties of these tracers were not optimal in used models. In conclusion, these studies resulted in the identification of new strategies for the assessment of plaque stability and mouse models of atherosclerosis which could be used for plaque imaging. In the used probe panel, [18F]FDG was the best tracer for plaque imaging. However, further studies are warranted to clarify the applicability of [18F]EF5 and [68Ga]DOTA-RGD for imaging of atherosclerosis with other experimental models.
Option Tracing: Beyond Binary Knowledge Tracing

This paper details our solutions to Tasks 1&2 of the NeurIPS 2020 Education Challenge. 1 Knowledge tracing, a family of methods to estimate each student’s mastery levels on skills/knowledge components from their past responses to assessment questions, is useful for progress monitoring, personalization, and helping teachers to deliver personalized and targeted feedback to students to improve their learning outcomes. One key limitation of current knowledge tracing methods is that they can only estimate an overall knowledge level of a student since they analyze only the binary-valued correctness of student responses. We adapt a series of popular knowledge tracing methods to the task of option prediction in multiple choice questions. Experimental results show that our method performs well on both option prediction and correctness prediction.
Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Enantiopure Furofurans from Carbohydrates: An Expedient Approach with Built‐in Michael Acceptor, Masked Aldehyde and Leaving Group in a Single Sugar Derivative

A single sugar molecule containing three functional groups, namely a masked aldehyde, a Michael acceptor and a leaving group, reacts with a series of β-dicarbonyl compounds and related reagents to form up to three new bonds and up to three new stereocenters. The configuration of the sugar derivative controls the diastereoselectivity in the formation of all the new bonds without a requirement for any external reagent for asymmetric induction. This "Chiral pool" based diversity-oriented synthetic strategy has led to the formation of a series of furofurans based on different scaffolds and with appendage variations, and also to a hitherto unknown family of bicyclic 3,8-dioxabicyclo[4.2. 1]nonanes.
The modality effect of input repetition on vocabulary consolidation

This study investigated repeated exposure to English through audiovisual support. The researcher-teacher used video for her English reading class and tested its effects on word recall and retention. To help students remember forty newlyintroduced words from four news stories, two weeks later, the four news videos were broadcast in four audiovisual modes to four groups of students alternately: (1) captioned, (2) non-captioned, (3) silent captioned, and (4) screen-off. Results showed that the four groups of students recalled 17.65-18.81 words in the second encounter with forty target words through video in different modes. In another week’s time, they forgot a total of 5.22-6.58 words from the 17.6518.81 words under no subsequent repetition condition. Concerning the audiovisual effects on vocabulary learning, audio track only prompted the participants to recall the greatest number of target words than the other three modalities, while sound-off captioned video was the most effective in terms of the least attrition of word knowledge over time. Drawing on the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, this study aims to raise awareness of the modality effect when using video as a repetition medium for vocabulary consolidation.
Control temperature fluctuations in two-phase CuO-water nanofluid by transfiguration of the enclosures

The innovation of this paper is to simulate two-phase nanofluid natural convection inside the transformable enclosure to control the heat transfer rate under different heat flux. Heat transfer of a two-phase CuO-water nanofluid in an enclosure under different heat flux has many industrial applications including energy storage systems, thermal control of electronic devices and cooling of radioactive waste containers. The Lattice Boltzmann Method based on the D2Q9 method has been utilized for modeling velocity and temperature fields. Streamlines, isotherms and nanoparticle volume fraction, have been investigated for control the heat transfer rate for several cases. The purpose of this feasibility study is to achieve uniform temperature profiles and Tmax < 50oC under different heat flux. Natural convection heat transfer in the rectangular and parallelogram enclosures with positive and negative angular adiabatic walls were simulated. The average wall temperature under heat flux boundary condition has been studied to predict optimal levels of effective factors to control the maximum wall temperature. The results illustrated parallelogram enclosures with positive angle of case 1 and case 3 and 4 with rectangular enclosures were best cases for considering physical conditions. Average of temperature for these cases were 37.9, 29.7 and 38.2, respectively.
Hardware Information Flow Tracking

Information flow tracking (IFT) is a fundamental computer security technique used to understand how information moves through a computing system. Hardware IFT techniques specifically target security vulnerabilities related to the design, verification, testing, manufacturing, and deployment of hardware circuits. Hardware IFT can detect unintentional design flaws, malicious circuit modifications, timing side channels, access control violations, and other insecure hardware behaviors. This article surveys the area of hardware IFT. We start with a discussion on the basics of IFT, whose foundations were introduced by Denning in the 1970s. Building upon this, we develop a taxonomy for hardware IFT. We use this to classify and differentiate hardware IFT tools and techniques. Finally, we discuss the challenges yet to be resolved. The survey shows that hardware IFT provides a powerful technique for identifying hardware security vulnerabilities, as well as verifying and enforcing hardware security properties.
Too Close for Comfort: Morasses of (Anti-) Censorship in the Era of CDNs

Abstract Recent research claims that “powerful” nation-states may be hegemonic over significant web traffic of “underserved” nations (e.g., Brazil and India). Such traffic may be surveilled when transiting (or ending in) these powerful nations. On the other hand, content distribution networks (CDNs) are designed to bring web content closer to end-users. Thus it is natural to ask whether CDNs have led to the localization of Internet traffic within the country’s boundary, challenging the notion of nation-state hegemony. Further, such traffic localization may inadvertently enhance a country’s ability to coerce content providers to censor (or monitor) access within its boundary. On top of that, the obvious solution, i.e., anti-censorship approaches, may sadly face a new dilemma. Traditional ones, relying on proxies, are easily discoverable. Whereas newer ones (e.g., Decoy Routing, Cache-Browser, Domain Fronting and CovertCast etc.) might not work as they require accessing web content hosted outside the censors’ boundary. We thus quantitatively analyzed the impact of web content localization on various anti-censorship systems. Such analysis requires geolocating the websites. Thus we adapted a multilateration method, Constraint Based Geolocation (CBG), with additional heuristics. We call it as Region Specific CBG (R-CBG). In more than 89% cases, R-CBG correctly classifies hosts as inside (or outside) w.r. t. a nation. Our empirical study, involving five countries, shows that the majority (61%−92%) of popular country-specific websites are hosted within a client’s own country. Further, additional heuristics classify the majority of them to be on CDNs.
Simplified method for the measurement of total non-starch polysaccharides by gas-liquid chromatography of constituent sugars as alditol acetates

A procedure is described for the measurement and characterisation of total non-starch polysaccharides in plant foods by gas-liquid chromatography of individual sugars as alditol acetates. Starch, including that resistant to gelatinisation in boiling water, is dispersed with dimethyl sulphoxide and then hydrolysed with α-amylase and pullulanase. Starch-free material is hydrolysed with sulphuric acid and the released neutral sugars are measured as alditol acetates by using N-methylimidazole in order to catalyse the acetylation. Uronic acids are measured by a spectrophotometric method. The procedure is a modification of a more comprehensive method reported previously. It is relatively rapid and simple compared with gravimetric procedures, is applicable to a wide range of foodstuffs, can be carried out without special expertise in carbohydrate chemistry and is suitable for routine laboratory use.
EVALUATION OF HLA-DQA1 AND HLA-DQB1 ASSOCIATED WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE GASTRITIS

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common pathogens in the world. It has been suggested that most bacterial infectious disease related to MHC class 1 or 2 according to bacterial infection type (intracellular and extracellular). Many previous studies reported that HLADQA1 and HLADQB1 which is part of MHC 2 related to H. pylori infection. This study was performed in Babylon university, collage of science , department of biology, It is include 48 patients and 20 controls . Samples was include blood and biopsy from each patient and healthy that was collected in ALimam ALsadiq Hospital in Babylon city from January to April 2019. The aim of study was to evaluate quantitative HLADQA1 and HLADQB1 in H. pylori infected patients by ELIZA method and compare with healthy persons and also relationship of these parameters with age, gender and infection types. The results was show significant increase of local and systemic of both HLADQA1 and HLADQB1 in patients compared with control, HLADQB1 was increase more than HLADQA1 in blood and tissue. No significant differences between age groups of both parameter , while the systemic HLADQA1 was significantly increase in male compared with female only. Duodenal ulcer was show relative increase of local and systemic of both HLADQA1 and HLADQB1 without any significant differences between types of infections.
Cell segmentation in whole-slide cytological images

University of Liège Faculty of Applied Sciences Cell segmentation in whole-slide cytological images Master’s degree in Computer Sciences and engineering Author : Mehdi Testouri Supervisor : Dr. Raphaël Marée The digital pathology is a field of medicine that leverage computer aided techniques to view, manage and analyse microscope acquired images, commonly called whole-slide images. The field has been rapidly evolving in the recent years thanks to novel research around AI based techniques for automated diagnosis. A popular sub-field of the automated diagnosis is the segmentation (or detection) of relevant regions in a whole-slide image. This thesis deals with the problem of cell detection using segmentation in whole-slide cytological images as part of an automated diagnosis system for the thyroid cancer. The work is conducted within Cytomine R&D project team from ULiège. Among the challenges is the implementation of a segmentation algorithm using novel deep learning methods while dealing with incomplete training data. The proposed solution comprises of a U-Net network for the segmentation along with an iterative data improvement method for incomplete data completion. The implementation also achieves the required level of modularity and scalability for the subsequent integration in the ULiège Cytomine instance which was almost complete. Promising results were obtained thus demonstrating the abilities of the U-Net and the data improvement method. However, inaccuracies remained mainly due to false positives and all available data weren’t used because their incompleteness couldn’t be fully addressed. Further work should enhance the training set building, for instance using active learning, and especially pay attention to the diversity and completeness of the data used.