Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Harness Oil and Gas Big Data with Analytics: Optimize Exploration and Production with Data-Driven Models

Use big data analytics to efficiently drive oil and gas exploration and production Harness Oil and Gas Big Data with Analytics provides a complete view of big data and analytics techniques as they are applied to the oil and gas industry. Including a compendium of specific case studies, the book underscores the acute need for optimization in the oil and gas exploration and production stages and shows how data analytics can provide such optimization. This spans exploration, development, production and rejuvenation of oil and gas assets. The book serves as a guide for fully leveraging data, statistical, and quantitative analysis, exploratory and predictive modeling, and fact-based management to drive decision making in oil and gas operations. This comprehensive resource delves into the three major issues that face the oil and gas industry during the exploration and production stages: * Data management, including storing massive quantities of data in a manner conducive to analysis and effectively retrieving, backing up, and purging data * Quantification of uncertainty, including a look at the statistical and data analytics methods for making predictions and determining the certainty of those predictions * Risk assessment, including predictive analysis of the likelihood that known risks are realized and how to properly deal with unknown risks Covering the major issues facing the oil and gas industry in the exploration and production stages, Harness Big Data with Analytics reveals how to model big data to realize efficiencies and business benefits.
Innovative Technologies and Economics in Engineering

This is a collection of selected, peer reviewed papers from the V International Scientific Practical Conference "Innovative Technologies and Economics in Engineering", May 22-23, 2014, Yurga, Russia. The 118 papers are grouped as follows: Chapter 1: Material Science, Machining Technologies and Equipments in Mechanical Engineering; and, Chapter 2: Management and Economic Aspects Development of Enterprises.
Narratives of Crisis: How Framing Urban Shrinkage and Depopulation Shapes Policy and Planning Responses in Spain, Germany and The Netherlands

Academic research on urban shrinkage and depopulation has advanced significantly in recent years, mostly by attributing causality between the reasons and consequences of shrinkage in the positivist tradition of planning research. This paper critically analyzes shrinkage and depopulation as an issue of planning and policymaking in a broader institutional context. By applying a qualitative interpretive policy analysis methodology to planning and policy narratives from Spain, Germany and The Netherlands, this article highlights and scrutinizes how policymakers and planners have framed shrinkage, and how this framing has justified some of the selected planning and policy approaches. It is concluded that framing shrinkage in practice may only partially encompass the scientific definitions. It is also concluded that framing shrinkage and depopulation as a crisis may be determined by locally and temporally important issues as well as differences in planning cultures, which in practice may distance the understanding of the phenomenon from the scientific definitions. Debates on shrinkage conceptualization and the development of new planning concepts can become more applicable in practice by incorporating insights from qualitative investigations. This can bring them closer to planning practice and embed them in a wider planning system context, so as to produce more applicable and contextually sensitive proposals for addressing shrinkage.
Capillarity in lithographically patterned micro channels

The spontaneous capillary-driven filling of micro channels is important for a wide range of applications. Reporting for the first time for vertically mounted open top channels, in this work the theory for capillary rise in channels of rectangular cross-section has been tested and verified, taking into account the effects of surface topography assuming a Wenzel state. The theory has been tested via capillary rise experiments using polydimethylsiloxane oils of viscosity 96.0, 48.0, 19.2 and 4.8 mPa s within the 400μm and 600μm closed square glass tubes and SU8 open top smooth walled rectangular cross-section channels having width 400μm and 600μm and depth 135μm. It has been shown that capillary rise heights in plane open top walled channels (with roughness factor of 1) can be fitted using the exact numerical solution and that these are similar to fits using the analytical visco-gravitational solution. The viscous friction contribution was found to be higher than predicted by theory assuming a non-rigidified liquid–air boundary, but far below that for a rigidified boundary, which is recently reported for imbibition into horizontally mounted open micro channels. It has also been observed that fingers of liquid spreading along the internal edges of the smooth walled channels in advance of the main body of liquid consistent with wetting expectations. These fingers were observed to be thicker and larger in size for wider and shallower channels.
Test Selection Based on Historical Test Data

This thesis is the culmination of an action research project conducted at Axis Communications, which tries to enable test selection based on historical test data. In order to realize this, a prototype program -- the Difference Engine -- was created, which can parse and analyze historical test data drawn from a large database. The analysis produces a weighted correlation between code packages and test packages, and this correlation can then be used to select only a recommended subset of the full regression test suite in order to minimize the time spent running tests which are not related to the code that was changed. The evaluation results of the Difference Engine shows that its algorithm for finding correlations is robust, and running only the recommended tests is more effective than running the full regression test suite by a significant factor. On average it successfully identifies nearly all relevant tests (median success rate is 100%), and it discards 14 times more irrelevant tests given the code that has been changed compared to the default selection strategy of running all tests. Furthermore, the average size of the recommended subset is only 5% of the size of the full regression test suite, meaning that the time spent running tests can be decreased by a factor of 20.
School Bullying Victimization and Emotional Problems in Relation to Sexual Orientation Among High School Students in China：A Cross-Sectional Study

Background：School bullying has become a global concern for the public as well as a fierce battlefield for educational psychologists. And sexual minority youth (SMY) may experience minority stress, a chronic form of stress engendered by negative social experiences such as stigmatization, that is known to impact adversely mental health and well-being. Under the specific cultural background of China, few scholars associate sexual orientation with campus bullying, as well as depression and anxiety symptoms. But in fact, China's sexual minority adolescences face no less difficulties than any sexual minority in the world.Methods：From April to July 2018, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among senior high school students in Hunan Province, China. A total of 3934 subjects were investigated by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Traditional bullying victimization was surveyed via the suffering subscale of Chinese version of Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ). Cyber school bullying was surveyed via a question. The Chinese version of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Chinese version of the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) were used to screen depression and anxiety symptoms of participants. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between sexual orientation and types of bullying victimization , depression and anxiety symptoms.Results：Bisexuality accounted for the highest proportion of victims of traditional bullying only and cyber bullying only, at 10.2% and 4.8%, respectively. Homosexuality accounts for the highest proportion of combined bullying, at 18.2%. Homosexuality(OR: 5.833; 95% CI: 3.045 to 11.176), bisexuality(OR: 2.831; 95% CI: 1.354 to 5.923)and uncertainty of sexual orientation(OR: 2.206; 95% CI: 1.435 to 3.392) were significantly associated with combined bullying. The bisexual group has the highest rate of depression(40.1%) and anxiety(38.1%) symptoms. Compared to heterosexual group, bisexual group has the highest risk of depression(OR: 2.349; 95% CI: 1.664 to 3.316) and anxiety(OR: 3.049; 95% CI: 2.150 to 4.324) symptoms.Conclusions: Homosexuals are at the greatest risk of becoming victims of double bullying(traditional bullying and cyberbullying)and bisexuals are at the greatest risk of depression and anxiety symptoms.
Non-Destructive Testing of the Graphite Core within an Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactor

The aim of this work has been to apply the techniques of non-destructive testing and evaluation to the graphite fuel channel bricks which form the core of an Advanced Gas-Cooled reactor. Two modes of graphite degradation have been studied: subsurface cracks originating from the keyway corners of the bricks and the reduction in material density caused by radiolytic oxidation.This work has focused on electromagnetic inspection techniques. Brick cracking has been studied using a multi-frequency eddy current technique with the aim of determining quantitative information. In order to accurately control the crack dimensions this work has used radially machined slots as an analogue. Two sensor geometries were studied and it was determined that slots of at least 10 mm through-wall extent could be located.A novel, empirical method of determining the slot size is presented using a brick machined with a series of reference slots. Machined slots originating from a keyway could be sized to within 2 mm using this method. A parametric 3D finite element study was also carried out on this problem. These simulations could distinguish the location of the slots and had some sensitivity to their size, however, the model was found to be overly sensitive to the specific mesh used.Two new contributions to the inverse problem are presented. The first is a minor extension to the usual adjoint problem in which one system now contains a gradiometer. The second is a proposed solution to the ambiguous nature of the inner product required by the sensitivity formulation. This solution has been validated with finite element modelling.Density reduction has been studied via its relationship with electrical conductivity using a technique based on impedance spectroscopy. An inverse eddy current problem has been solved using the regularised Gauss-Newton method to determine the conductivity of the brick over its cross section. The associated forward problem has been solved using the finite element method on a simplified geometry. Tikhonov regularisation has been employed to overcome the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem.This method has been applied to a range of sample and sensor geometries and found to produce excellent results from laboratory data provided the finite element model is well calibrated. Bore or surface conductivity values can be reproduced to better than 1% with the accuracy reducing with distance from the sensor. The sensitivity of the algorithm to the regularisation parameter has been studied using the L-curve method and the effect of two regularisation operators has also been examined. A new method of choosing the regularisation parameter a priori is proposed and tested. Data taken during reactor outages produces physically realistic profiles although the results appear off-set from electrical resistivity values measured using the four-point method. The focus of future work should be to remove this effect which will likely require improvements to the forward model.
An Investigation of Team Effectiveness in Agile Software Development

Abstract Agile teamwork has been widely used and accepted in today's industry of software development. The methods in agile teamwork claim to improve performance and predictability, and has during the past years become the target for an emerging area of research. The majority of the existing studies concerning agile teamwork mainly focus around eXtreme Programming (XP). Abstract This report is one of few that discuss teamwork in software development having the agile methodology Scrum in the main focus. The report focus on teamwork and team effectiveness. It discuss existing literature concerning Scrum and teamwork as well as showing the results from an observed ethnographically informed study of an agile project. All findings, challenges and opportunities, are analyzed and compared to theories around teamwork. The primary literature used are case studies about Scrum conducted in the past five years. Some descriptive literature is also used to support my findings. Abstract My main results are that solid leadership and members willing to adapt are of great importance. I also found that working in a closed room together facilitates teamwork and can increase team effectivenes. My teamwork model and framework for this project might not be completely optimal for this specific observed project. Overall, I have found that Scrum can be hard to adapt to. However, the agile practices facilitates team effectiveness. In addition, my results show that Scrum guidelines support communication and adaptability. Abstract Ultimately, it is interesting to see what can be improved in agile methods and to what extent team effectiveness changes. Abstract Keywords: Agile development, Scrum, Teamwork, Team effectiveness, Team performance
Résumé en français

Ce travail de thèse a été effectué au sein du groupe Cosmologie du Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL) à Orsay. Il concerne l’analyse des données en température et polarisation du satellite Planck ainsi que la mise en place des outils statistiques nécessaires pour extraire et contraindre le modèle cosmologique. Il a été effectué sous la direction de Stéphane Plaszczynski et en collaboration avec les autres membres de l’équipe Planck du LAL: François Couchot, Sophie Henrot-Versillé, Olivier Perdereau, Benjamin Rouillé d’Orfeuil et Matthieu Tristram.
A Handbook of Industrial Ecology

Industrial ecology is coming of age and this superb book brings together leading scholars to present a state-of-the-art overviews of the subject. Each part of the book comprehensively covers the following issues in a systematic style: the goals and achievements of industrial ecology and the history of the field; methodology, covering the main approaches to analysis and assessment; economics and industrial ecology; industrial ecology at the national/regional level; industrial ecology at the sectoral/materials level; and applications and policy implications.
Evaluating systems of systems against mission requirements

This thesis investigates the nature of systems problems and the need for an open viewpoint to explain a system by viewing it as part of a larger whole and explaining its role in terms of that larger whole. The problem this research investigates is wicked and hence is unique in each instance. Therefore, an empirical proof would only hold for that particular instantiation of the problem, not the problem as a whole. After exposing some of the limitations of traditional systems engineering to this type of problem it is clear that a new approach is needed. The approach taken in the thesis is model driven and it is the architecture of this approach that is the stable artefact rather than the artefacts of a particular solution. The approach developed in this research has been demonstrated to be practicable. Specifically, this research has developed and demonstrated a novel approach for a decision support system that can be used to analyse a system of systems as part of a larger whole from both open and closed viewpoints in order to support the decision of which systems to use to conduct a particular military mission. Such planning decisions are wicked due to the uncertain and unique nature of military missions. Critical rationalism was used to validate the model driven approach and to falsify a parametric approach representative of traditional systems engineering through historical case studies. The main issue found with the parametric approach was the entanglement of functionality with the individual systems selected to implement the system of systems. The advantage of the model driven approach is that it separates functionality from implementation and uses model transformation for systems specification. Thus, although wicked problems do not have an exhaustively describable set of potential solutions this thesis has shown that they are not unapproachable.
Vegetation, ground cover, soil, rainfall simulation, and overland flow experiments before and after tree removal in woodland-encroached sagebrush steppe: the hydrology component of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP)

Abstract. Rainfall simulation and overland-flow experiments enhance understanding of surface hydrology and erosion processes, quantify runoff and erosion rates, and provide valuable data for developing and testing predictive models. We present a unique dataset (1021 experimental plots) of rainfall simulation (1300 plot runs) and overland flow (838 plot runs) experimental plot data paired with measures of vegetation, ground cover, and surface soil physical properties spanning point to hillslope scales. The experimental data were collected at three sloping sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) sites in the Great Basin, USA, each subjected to woodland-encroachment and with conditions representative of intact wooded-shrublands and 1–9 yr following wildfire, prescribed fire, and/or tree cutting and shredding tree-removal treatments. The methodologies applied in data collection and the cross-scale experimental design uniquely provide scale-dependent, separate measures of interrill (rainsplash and sheetflow processes) and concentrated overland-flow runoff and erosion rates along with collective rates for these same processes combined over the patch scale (tens of meters). The dataset provides a valuable source for developing, assessing, and calibrating/validating runoff and erosion models applicable to diverse plant community dynamics with varying vegetation, ground cover, and surface soil conditions. The experimental data advance understanding and quantification of surface hydrologic and erosion processes for the research domain and potentially for other patchy-vegetated rangeland landscapes elsewhere. Lastly, the unique nature of repeated measures spanning numerous treatments and time scales delivers a valuable dataset for examining long-term landscape vegetation, soil, hydrology, and erosion responses to various management actions, land use, and natural disturbances. The dataset is available from the National Agricultural Library at https://data.nal. usda.gov/search/type/dataset (DOI: https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/1504518; Pierson et al., 2019).
Enhanced pyruvate metabolism in plastids by overexpression of plastidial pyruvate transporter in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

BackgroundThe development of microalgal strains for enhanced biomass and biofuel production has received increased attention. Moreover, strain development via metabolic engineering for commercial production is being considered as the most efficient strategy. Pyruvate is an essential metabolite in the cells and plays an essential role in amino acid biosynthesis and de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in plastids. Although pyruvate can be a valuable target for metabolic engineering, its transporters have rarely been studied in microalgae. In this study, we aimed to identify the plastidial pyruvate transporter of Phaeodactylum tricornutum and utilize it for strain development.ResultsWe identified pyruvate transporter localized in the plastid membrane of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Transformants overexpressing the pyruvate transporter were generated to increase the influx of pyruvate into plastids. Overexpression of a plastidial pyruvate transporter in P. tricornutum resulted in enhanced biomass (13.6% to 21.9%), lipid contents (11% to 30%), and growth (3.3% to 8.0%) compared to those of wild type during one-stage cultivation.ConclusionTo regulate the pyruvate influx and its metabolism in plastids, we generated transformants overexpressing the plastidial pyruvate transporter in P. tricornutum. They showed that compartmentalizing pyruvate in plastids could be an attractive strategy for the effective production of biomass and lipids with better growth, via enhanced pyruvate metabolism in plastids.
Estimation of Peak Discharges under Different Rainfall Depth–Duration–Frequency Formulations

One of the main signatures of short duration storms is given by Depth–Duration–Frequency (DDF) curves. In order to provide reliable estimates for small river basins or urban catchments, generally characterized by short concentration times, in this study the performances of different DDF curves proposed in literature are described and compared, in order to provide insights on the selection of the best approach in design practice, with particular reference to short durations. With this aim, 28 monitoring stations with time series of annual maximum rainfall depth characterized by sample size greater than 20 were selected in the Northern part of the Puglia region (South-Eastern Italy). In order to test the effect of the investigated DDF curves in reproducing the design peak discharge corresponding to an observed expected rainfall event, the Soil Conservation (SCS) curve number (CN) approach is exploited, generating peak discharges according to different selected combinations of the main parameters that control the critical rainfall duration. Results confirm the good reliability of the DDF curves with three parameters to adapt on short events both in terms of rainfall depth and in terms of peak discharge and, in particular, for durations up to 30 min, the three-parameter DDF curves always perform better than the two-parameter DDF.
An Energy-efficient Smart Street Lighting System with Adaptive Control based on
Environment

: Nowadays, most street lighting consumes high electrical power due to inefficient design. Energy efficiency and ease of maintenance with minimal involvement of manual work in street lights management are two top priorities of a smart city. To fulfil these purposes, the project aims to design and develop a smart street lighting system based on wireless sensing network technology and a novel adaptive control mechanism for the benefits of energy-saving and ease of maintenance. Experimental results show up to 48% potential energy saving compared to a conventional street lighting system.