Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long term treatment of depression with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and newer antidepressants

#### Summary points The introduction of fluoxetine in 1987 marked the arrival of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment for depression. In the United States antidepressant prescriptions accounted for 2.6% of primary care visits in 1989, rising to 7.1% in 2000.1 This pattern was reflected across Europe, where SSRIs are now the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. Newer antidepressants, such as the serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, including venlafaxine and duloxetine, also contributed to the remarkable increase in antidepressant prescribing.2 Several reasons were put forward for this trend: improved tolerability; reduced lethality in overdose; the aggressive marketing of newly patented drugs; the wider range of available antidepressants; and ease of prescription. An analysis of the UK general practice research database showed that prescriptions almost doubled from 1993 to 2005.3 However, the increase in antidepressant prescribing was not accounted for by new diagnoses but rather a rise in the number of prescriptions given for long term treatment: although the proportion of patients receiving short term treatment declined, the proportion of patients receiving continuing prescriptions for over five years increased. Another primary care study found that …
Why Do Adolescents Self-Harm?

BACKGROUND Given the high rates of self-harm among adolescents, recent research has focused on a better understanding of the motives for the behavior. AIMS The present study had three aims: to investigate (a) which motives are most frequently endorsed by adolescents who report self-harm; (b) whether motives reported at baseline predict repetition of self-harm over a 6-month period; and (c) whether self-harm motives differ between boys and girls. METHOD In all, 987 school pupils aged 14-16 years completed a lifestyle and coping questionnaire at two time points 6 months apart that recorded self-harm and the associated motives. RESULTS The motive "to get relief from a terrible state of mind" was the most commonly endorsed reason for self-harm (in boys and girls). Interpersonal reasons (e.g., "to frighten someone") were least commonly endorsed. Regression analyses showed that adolescents who endorsed wanting to get relief from a terrible state of mind at baseline were significantly more likely to repeat self-harm at follow-up than those adolescents who did not cite this motive. CONCLUSION The results highlight the complex nature of self-harm. They have implications for mental health provision in educational settings, especially in relation to encouraging regulation of emotions and help-seeking.
Role of UV Radiation, Solution Conductivity and Pulse Repetition Frequency in the Bactericidal Effects During Pulse Corona Discharges

Inactivation of bacteria Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis by the pulsed corona discharge in liquid phase has been investigated. The reactor with point to plate geometry of electrodes was used for generation of the discharge in liquid phase. The effects of the solution conductivity and the pulse repetition frequency on the bacterial inactivation have been determined. Better efficiency of inactivation was observed for both types of bacteria with the increasing solution conductivity and the pulse repetition frequency since E. faecalis was more sensitive to these changes then E. coli. The role of UV radiation emitted by the electrical discharge in the overall bacterial efficiency was evaluated in dependence on the solution conductivity using UV light transparent spectrometric cell. It was determined that UV radiation contributes about 40% to the overall inactivation of bacteria by the discharge.
Lactate, glucose and the neonatal brain: it’s time to challenge the paradigm

The association in clinicians’ minds between lactate and hypoxia, and lactate and acidosis, has cast this small, innocent three-carbon molecule in the role of bad boy: a demonised hoody rather than a helpful little fuel. That this ‘bad boy’ role is a misconception has been known for many years, but known more by the cognoscenti of intermediary metabolism rather than working clinicians. The companion paper by Harris et al 1 will help to redress the balance: it provides useful additional information about the role of lactate when babies become hypoglycaemic, and these new data reinforce its importance as a metabolic fuel. In case you missed it, this was also emphasised in a recent article in our Education and Practice edition.2 In considering the mechanisms of glucose homoeostasis in the neonate, it is important to distinguish the mechanisms by which healthy babies remain healthy, and the way that babies cope when normal adaptive mechanisms fail, and threaten to make them unhealthy. Most knowledge of the biochemical physiology of fuel metabolism in the newborn has been obtained using fuel turnover studies in healthy babies in, or close to, metabolic steady state, but the reality for babies becoming hypoglycaemic is that their state is anything but steady, and the mechanisms they …
Study on the effect of frame size and color histogram bins on the shot boundary detection performance

Effect of frame size and color histogram bins on shot boundary detection performance in terms of precision and recall is experimentally analyzed in this paper. An HS histogram-based shot boundary detector is used for Korean soap operas with eight kinds of frame sizes an bins, respectively, applying various thresholds. The biggest image size and bins are more than one hundred higher than the smallest ones. The experimental results show that the image size and bins have no statistically significant effect on the shot boundary detection performance.
Information representation on a universal neural Chip

How can science possibly understand the organ through which the Universe knows itself? The scientific method can be used to study how electro-chemical signals represent information in the brain. However, modelling it by simulating its structures and functions is a computation- and communication-intensive task. Whilst supercomputers offer great computational power, brain-scale models are challenging in terms of communication overheads and power consumption. Dedicated neural hardware can be used to enhance simulation performance, but it is often optimised for specific models. While performance and flexibility are desirable simulation features, there is no perfect modelling platform, and the choice is subordinate to the specific research question being investigated.In this context SpiNNaker constitutes a novel parallel architecture, with communication and memory accesses optimised for spike-based computation, permitting simulation of large spiking neural networks in real time.To exploit SpiNNaker's performance and reconfigurability fully, a neural network model must be translated from its conceptual form into data structures for a parallel system. This thesis presents a flexible approach to distributing and mapping neural models onto SpiNNaker, within the constraints introduced by its specialised architecture. The conceptual map underlying this approach characterizes the interaction between the model and the system: during the build phase the model is placed on SpiNNaker; at runtime, placement information mediates communication with devices and instrumentation for data analysis. Integration within the computational neuroscience community is achieved by interfaces to two domain-specific languages: PyNN and Nengo. The real-time, event-driven nature of the SpiNNaker platform is explored using address-event representation sensors and robots, performing visual processing using a silicon retina, and navigation on a robotic platform based on a cortical, basal ganglia and hippocampal place cells model. The approach has been successfully exploited to run models on all iterations of SpiNNaker chips and development boards to date, and demonstrated live in workshops and conferences.
Reliable AdaBoost Classification in Joint Feature Spaces

Adaboost is used to select and combine weak classifiers from a very large pool of weak classifiers and it has been proven to be very successful for detecting faces. We follow the approach and applied it to detect rear views of cars. The detector was carefully examined and was expanded in a number of ways, such as feature quantization, learning algorithm in joint feature spaces. By using Adaboost in joint feature spaces, a reliable and fast classification is got. Experiment shows this classification perform good hitting rate and litter false positive rate than traditional AdaBoost algorithm.
The unintended consequences of conflict of interest disclosure.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, BOTH FINANCIAL AND NONfinancial, are ubiquitous in medicine, and the most commonly prescribed remedy is disclosure. The Medicare Payment Advisory Commission and the Accountable Care Act impose a range of disclosure requirements for physicians, and almost all medical journals now require authors to disclose conflicts of interest (although these requirements may be imperfectly heeded). Given that some relationships between physicians and industry are fruitful and some conflicts are unavoidable, can disclosure correct the problems that arise when economic interests prevent physicians from putting patients’ interests first? Disclosure has appeal across the political spectrum because it acknowledges the problem of conflicts but involves minimal regulation and is less expensive to implement than more comprehensive remedies. More importantly, even if disclosure is rarely seen as providing a complete solution to the problem, it is broadly perceived to have beneficial effects. There are, however, reasons that disclosure can have adverse effects, exacerbating bias and hurting those it is ostensibly intended to help.
Critical evaluation of frozen section margins in head and neck cancer resections

Negative resection margins are likely the most important prognostic factor for a patient with a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Frozen‐section evaluation allows a positive margin to be corrected before surgical closure and reconstruction. A final pathology report is later issued after examination of all resected tissues. The accuracy of the final pathology report relies on accuracy in the preceding steps. The current process of margin reporting in head and neck cancer resections was studied to reveal possible waste and error in the system.
1 ICESP IX Conditions for Electrostatic Precipitators after Biomass Fired Boilers CONDITIONS FOR ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS AFTER BIOMASS FIRED BOILERS

Efforts are made to increase the use of renewable energy sources to limit the fossil fuel combustion. In 2001 combustible renewable fuels including waste represented slightly more than 10% of the primary fuel supply globally. Solid biofuels are fired in small units for domestic heating, in grate boilers for district heating and industrial utilisation and in fluidised bed boilers with thermal capacities exceeding 100 MW. Biofuels are also used for co-firing in pulverised coal fired boilers. There is an increasing concern regarding the particle emissions from biomass combustion. This paper will discuss particle characterisation and particle collection after biomass fired boilers with a thermal capacity exceeding 1 MW. The smallest boilers in this range are often only equipped with a multicyclone for collection of the coarse particles in order to meet rather modest particle emission requirements. Larger boilers have more stringent requirements, which need efficient removal also of the fine particles. The electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is the most common choice, due to its robustness and high particle removal efficiency for the complete particle size range. This paper will deal with properties of particles formed in biomass combustion and the influence on the ESP covering different types of biofuels. Comparisons will also be made with coal combustion.
Mobility and Security in the New Way of Working: Employee Satisfaction in a Choose Your Own Device(CYOD) Environment

The consumerization of IT, known as Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), is an inevitable component in the future IT infrastructure of organizations. It is not the question if employees will use consumer IT products for their work, but how and under which conditions. The use of personalized mobile devices may be beneficial for both the employee and organization, but the concern of IT executives, on corporate data residing on uncontrolled mobile devices, is often leading to a restrictive policy. Giving employees the ability to choose from a variety of secure devices, at the expense of the organization, Choose Your Own Device (CYOD), may well bring the best of two worlds. In this research 126 employees at four multinational organizations were surveyed on their perception of usability and satisfaction of devices for their knowledge tasks. The outcomes were matched against a Risk Assessment on seven identified IT threats. The results show that a majority (52%) believes their performance would improve, when given the ability to choose a device of their own. The Risk Assessment shows that IT security risks do not need to increase, provided that the proper security policies are in place. This implies that the performance and satisfaction of employee can improve in a secure CYOD environment.
Consensus statement on concussion in sport—the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016

The 2017 Concussion in Sport Group (CISG) consensus statement is designed to build on the principles outlined in the previous statements1–4 and to develop further conceptual understanding of sport-related concussion (SRC) using an expert consensus-based approach. This document is developed for physicians and healthcare providers who are involved in athlete care, whether at a recreational, elite or professional level. While agreement exists on the principal messages conveyed by this document, the authors acknowledge that the science of SRC is evolving and therefore individual management and return-to-play decisions remain in the realm of clinical judgement. This consensus document reflects the current state of knowledge and will need to be modified as new knowledge develops. It provides an overview of issues that may be of importance to healthcare providers involved in the management of SRC. This paper should be read in conjunction with the systematic reviews and methodology paper that accompany it. First and foremost, this document is intended to guide clinical practice; however, the authors feel that it can also help form the agenda for future research relevant to SRC by identifying knowledge gaps. A series of specific clinical questions were developed as part of the consensus process for the Berlin 2016 meeting. Each consensus question was the subject of a specific formal systematic review, which is published concurrently with this summary statement. Readers are directed to these background papers in conjunction with this summary statement as they provide the context for the issues and include the scope of published research, search strategy and citations reviewed for each question. This 2017 consensus statement also summarises each topic and recommendations in the context of all five CISG meetings (that is, 2001, 2004, 2008, 2012 as well as 2016). Approximately 60 000 published articles were screened by the expert panels for the Berlin …
High-bandwidth current control for torque-ripple compensation in PM synchronous machines

Active compensation of torque harmonics in high-performance synchronous permanent magnet (PM) motor drives requires high-bandwidth current control. It is demonstrated that proportional integral (PI) current control exhibits performance limits, even when feedforward compensation of the rotor induced voltage and the stator inductance drop is used. High bandwidth requirements are satisfied using a digital deadbeat current controller. Sampling time delays are eliminated to the extent possible by means of a current predictor. The current controller and the predictor refer to a model of the parasitic effects of the PM synchronous machine that is acquired and adapted to parameter changes in real time. Stator current distortions due to deviations from the sinusoidal flux linkage distribution are thus eliminated. The control system facilitates compensation of high-frequency torque ripple of the machine.
On the use of hard/soft specifications to deal with intra-patient variability in postprandial glucose control in type 1 diabetes1

Abstract Open-loop postprandial glucose control can be posed as a set-inversion problem. Given a set of constraints on postprandial glucose, an insulin infusion profile is sought so that the constraints are fulfilled. In this work, a general framework for the consideration of intra-patient variability in set-inversion-based postprandial glucose control is presented. Patient's model parameters are considered to vary in an interval describing the variability observed for that patient. Different possibility degrees can be associated to the intervals of variation, generalizing to a fuzzy approach ranging from a best-case to a worst-case scenario of variability. Different degrees of relaxation are considered for the specifications. Hard specifications are demanded for the best-case scenario, whereas soft (limit) specifications are defined for the worst-case. The methodology is demonstrated through a practical application.
CS 224 W Project Milestone Project Title : Community Detection Using Local High-Order Structure

Community detection has be widely studied in the research of network analysis, and there are tens of existing tools and techniques to perform this, such as Fielder community (Fiedler 1973), Personalized PageRank algorithm (Andersen et al. 2006), and so on. Most of the previous works aim at finding the subset of nodes that has less incoming and outgoing edges than the edges within the subsets. However, high-order local structure, a.k. a. , motif, may contain more information in community level (Benson et al. 2016), thus might give better result in community detection. Benson et al. (2016) generalized the results on Fielder community to motif level. However, the most commonly used way, as well as the one with best performance, to find community based on edge-level information is the Personalized PageRank algorithm, which can not be directly applied to motif analysis. Thus an interesting question is to generalize the Personalized PageRank algorithm to the motif setting, to compare its performance to the Fielder Community, and edge-level algorithms. In this project, we generalized the Personalized PageRank algorithm from edge level to motif level. This part will be covered in Section 4. Besides working on algorithm, we also generalized the definition of clustering coefficient to its high-order version, to make the edge-level analysis smoothly generalized to motif level. This part will be covered in Section 3.
Molecular mechanism of desensitization of the chemokine receptor CCR5 : receptor signaling and internalization are dissociable from its role as an HIV-1 co-receptor important in acute inflammatory responses

important in acute inflammatory responses, whereas CC Ichiro Aramori1, Jie Zhang1, chemokines generally target myeloid and lymphoid cells Stephen S.G. Ferguson1, Paul D.Bieniasz2, as well as basophils and eosinophils and are thought to Bryan R.Cullen2 and Marc G.Caron1,3 be involved in chronic and allergic inflammation (Murphy, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories and 1Departments of 1994). Chemokines bind to a family of G protein-coupled Cell Biology, Medicine and 2Genetics, Duke University Medical receptors (GPCRs) that are differentially expressed in Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA blood cells (Power and Wells, 1996). CXC chemokines 3Corresponding author bind CXC-specific receptor subtypes (CXCR-1, CXCR-2,
I4Ocean: An Interactive Simulation and Scientific Visualization Platform for Marine Application

As an excellent tool for dealing with ocean issues, the marine geographic information system (MGIS) has been attached increasing importance by people. This paper introduces a new MGIS platform of interactive simulation and scientific visualization for marine applications named i4Ocean. It provides an intuitive 3D visual analysis and display tool for marine researchers. The platform is not only able to simulate various elements of the marine environment, but also visualize multi-dimensional data and oceanic model data. We design the rendering engine and scene management framework for marine applications to meet the needs of describing and analyzing the complicated ocean environment. In this paper we detail how to implement marine application on i4Ocean platform through the simulation of ocean environment and 3D streamline visualization of irregular flow field data. Several examples of ocean simulation, vector field data and scalar field data visualizations based on i4Ocean are given to prove the feasibility of i4Ocean. The platform allows the users to write particular programs on it to study marine phenomenon easily and shows the results in the graphical form. It also helps the researchers and forecasters to investigate, monitor, analyze and forecast the changing marine resources and environmental conditions.
The Effect of Altitude and Travel on Rugby Union Performance: Analysis of the 2012 Super Rugby Competition

Abstract George, TM, Olsen, PD, Kimber, NE, Shearman, JP, Hamilton, JG, and Hamlin, MJ. The effect of altitude and travel on rugby union performance: analysis of the 2012 super rugby competition. J Strength Cond Res 29(12): 3360–3366, 2015—The aim of this study was to investigate whether playing rugby at altitude or after travel (domestic and international) disadvantaged teams. In a retrospective longitudinal study, all matches (N = 125) played in the 2012 Super Rugby Competition were analyzed for key performance indicators (KPI) from coded game data provided by OPTA sports data company. Matches were played in a home-away format in New Zealand, South Africa, and Australia. Teams based at sea level but playing at altitude (1,271–1,753 m) were more likely to miss tackles (mean ± 90% confidence interval, 1.4 ± 1.7) and score fewer points in the first half compared with games at sea level. In the second half of games, sea level teams at altitude were very likely to make fewer gain lines (−4.0 ± 2.7) compared with the second half of games at sea level. The decreased ability to break the defensive line, which may be the result of altitude-induced fatigue, could reduce the likelihood of scoring points and winning a game. Travel also had an effect on KPI, where international travel resulted in more missed tackles (1.7 ± 1.3) and less frequent gain lines (−3.0 ± 1.9) in the first half relative to matches at home; overall, away teams (domestic and international) scored 4 less points in the second half compared with home teams. In conclusion, playing away from home in another country, particularly at altitude, can have a detrimental effect on KPI, which may affect the overall performance and the chances of winning matches.