Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Working the fields of big data: Using big-data-augmented online ethnography to study candidate–candidate interaction at election time

ABSTRACT The paper proposes big-data-augmented ethnography as a novel mixed-methods approach to studying political discussions in a hybrid media system. Using such empirical setup, the authors examined candidate–candidate online interaction during election campaigning. Candidate–candidate interaction crossing party boundaries is scarce and occurs in the form of negative campaigning via social media, with the shaming of rival candidates and engaging in battles with them. The authors posit that ethnographic observations can be used to contextualize the computational analysis of large data sets, while computational analysis can be applied to validate and generalize the findings made through ethnography.
'What's So Funny 'Bout Peace, Love and Understanding?' Further Reflections on the Limits of Prejudice Reduction as a Model of Social Change

This paper aims to encourage greater reflexivity about the limits of prejudice reduction as a model of social change, particularly when applied to societies characterised by historically entrenched patterns of inequality. We begin by outlining some underlying values and assumptions of this model. We then elaborate how our research on political attitudes in post-apartheid South Africa has led us to question, qualify and sometimes reject those assumptions and move towards a ‘contextualist’ perspective on the efficacy of different models of social change. We agree that the project of getting us to like one another may be crucial for producing change in some contexts. In other contexts, however, it is an epiphenomenon that distracts psychologists from the main causes of, and solutions to, problems such as race, class, or gender discrimination. In still others, with an irony that is evidenced increasingly by research, prejudice reduction may actually contribute to the very problem it is designed to resolve. That is, it may diminish the extent to which social injustice is acknowledged, rejected and challenged.
Polarization Extension Unit for LSM Upgrade Kits

Since several years, time-resolved fluorescence measurements can be performed with commercially available Laser Scanning Microscopes (LSM) that have been upgraded with a suited LSM upgrade kit. Anisotropy measurements are, however, not possible with such systems, because the fluorescence emission is usually guided to the detectors using a single multimode optical fiber which does not preserve the polarization information.
Comprehensive Study and Comparative Analysis of Different Types of Background Sub- traction Algorithms

There are many methods proposed for Back- ground Subtraction algorithm in past years. Background subtraction algorithm is widely used for real time moving object detection in video surveillance system. In this paper we have studied and implemented different types of meth- ods used for segmentation in Background subtraction algo- rithm with static camera. This paper gives good under- standing about procedure to obtain foreground using exist- ing common methods of Background Subtraction, their complexity, utility and also provide basics which will use- ful to improve performance in the future . First, we have explained the basic steps and procedure used in vision based moving object detection. Then, we have debriefed the common methods of background subtraction like Sim- ple method, statistical methods like Mean and Median filter, Frame Differencing and W4 System method, Running Gaussian Average and Gaussian Mixture Model and last is Eigenbackground Model. After that we have implemented all the above techniques on MATLAB software and show some experimental results for the same and compare them in terms of speed and complexity criteria.
Study of CYP 2 C 9 and CYP 2 C 19 polymorphisms in a Romanian epilepsy population

Introduction Patients diagnosed with epilepsy and receiving antiepileptic drug therapy can have very different responses to treatment, as well as variable risk of side effects. This variability might be partially determined by the polymorphisms of genes coding the drug-metabolizing enzymes.The CYP2C subfamily of cytochrome P450 comprises 4 members: CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C18 and CYP2C19. The genes encoding these enzymes are polymorphic. CYP2C9 hydroxylates about 15% of drugs in current clinical use. Several variants of the CYP2C9 gene have been described, but the most prevalent and most frequently studied variants are the CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 polymorphisms (Kim et al. 2004). From a clinical perspective, therapy with low therapeutic index drugs such as antivitamin K, antidiabetic sulfonamides and phenytoin can be influenced by the reduction in CYP2C9 metabolic activity, causing problems in determining the dosage or determining toxic effects (Militaru et al 2012a, b). CYP2C19 is important in the biotransformation of some anticonvulsants (S-mephenytoin and diazepam) (Ono et al 1996) but also for other important drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors, clopidogrel and antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)(Gardiner & Begg 2006). The estimated fraction of responsibility for drug metabolism in phase 1 reactions for CYP2C19 is 5%. Seven variants (*2–*8) in the CYP2C19 gene have been associated with reduced enzyme activity in vivo, largely due to production of inactive enzyme protein (Ingelman-Sundberg et al 2005). The most common variants are *2 and *3. However, the CYP2C19*17 variant is associated with an ultrarapid metabolism phenotype (Sim et al 2006). This study is designed to determine the distribution of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms in a Romanian epileptic population and to make a comparison between the population with epilepsy and a healthy population, regarding the distribution of the major mutant alleles that determine the poor-metabolizer status.
3 . 1 Trends of the publications Multi-model environments in Software Process Improvement

At present, there are wide ranges of reference models that are available to improve the way to develop and manage the software development in an organization, e.g. there are models to improve quality management, such as ISO 9001, for Software Quality Management there is ISO 90003, to improve the capacity of models there are CMMI and ISO 12207, for the IT Governance, there are ITIL, PMBOK and COBIT, Information Security Management Systems such as 27000 and Bodies of Knowledge such as SWEBOK, amongst others. However, the heterogeneity of the models available, together with the need to solve problems from many dimensions and organizational hierarchies, means that organizations face problems in improvement process projects which have to deal with different models at the same time. In this article, a systematic review is presented of works, initiatives and projects published and carried out on the harmonization of multi-model environments. Another objective stemming from the above is to discuss the significant issues related to this area of knowledge, providing an up-to-date state of the art and identifying possible related research streams.
Hardware Implementation of OFDM system on TMS320C6713 and verifying the results by using DIP Switches and LEDs

In this paper, the real-time implementation of OFDM system is carried out in MATLAB Simulink by using 16-QAM modulation with AWGN channel. We model the concept with blocks from Simulink’s large collection of prewritten blocksets. Basically, a block diagram that models the complete OFDM system is built using Simulink. To operate on DSK C6713 we use the C6x Target and Real Time Workshop (RTW) to generate (or build) ANSI C code intended for the TI C6713 DSK. The C6x Target will then automatically take the generated ANSI C code and uses the TI CCS v3.1 tools to compile specific machine code and finally loads the targeted machine code to the TI C6713 DSK hardware. The performance of the implemented OFDM system can be viewed in real time using DIP switches and LEDs on the DSK C6713 for different values of the SNR of the AWGN channel.
Approaches to Assess the Effects and Risks of Veterinary Antibiotics Applied with Manure to Soil

In veterinary medicine, large quantities of antibiotic substances are administered each year for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes or to promote growth. As a consequence, the antibiotics and bacteria carrying transferable antibiotic resistance genes are excreted by the animals and reach the environment through run-off, leaching, and/or following manure application to agricultural fields, where they have been found to affect the structure and function of soil bacterial communities. However, we are only beginning to understand the global effects of environmental pollution with antibiotics and resistance determinants and the resulting risks for human health. For regulatory purposes, there is urgent need for criteria and methods that allow reliable and reproducible assessment of risks associated with release of realistic concentrations of antibiotics and resistance determinants into the environment following manure application. In this chapter, we will summarize recent advances, limitations, and research needed to optimize the methods to quantify and evaluate the effects and risks associated with these compounds. Approaches that are discussed focus on antibiotic resistance genes and include classical tools such as cultivation and PCR detection as well as quantitative real-time PCR and next-generation sequencing technologies used in combination with functional screening.
Job Destruction and Propagation of Shocks

We develop and quantitatively implement a dynamic general equilibrium model with labor" market matching and endogenous job destruction. The model produces a close match with data on" job creation and destruction. Cyclical fluctuations in the job destruction rate serve to magnify the" effects of productivity shock on output, as well as making the effects much more persistent. " Interactions between household savings decisions and separation decisions in employment" relationships play a key role in propagating shocks.
BIO-INFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF A VACUOLAR Na + / H + ANTIPORTER ( ALaNHX ) FROM THE SALT RESISTANT GRASS AELUROPUS LAGOPOIDES

Sodium-hydrogen antiporter (NHX) protein regulates the trans-membrane transport of Na in higher plants. VacuolarNHX is a type of NHX protein located on tonoplast and minimizes the accumulation of Na in cytoplasm by compartmentalizing into vacuole especially in salt tolerant plants. In Aeluropus lagopoides, AlaNHX [NCBI: GU199336, Vacuolar-NHX] plays a vital role for efficient Na sequestration into the vacuole and helps in plant survival in saline areas. Therefore, sequence analysis, structural analysis and modeling of AlaNHX were performed through bioinformatics tools. Homology of AlaNHX was 99% similar with the Na/H antiporter of Aeluropus littoralis. Sequence of AlaNHX consisted of 2353 bp including 337 bp of un-translated regions (UTR) at 5 ́ and 393 at 3 ́ end. In addition, AlaNHX have an “open reading frame” (ORF) of 1623 bp which translated into 59.4 KDa protein containing 540 amino acids (Leucine + Serine contributed in 22% of peptide chain). AlaNHX protein consists of 10 transmembrane domains (TMD; 3 primary and 7 secondary protein structural type) and a long (95 amino acids) carboxyl terminal end in cytoplasmic region. In addition, 3, 5, 7 and 8 TMD regions of AlaNHX were highly conserved. Different glycosylation, phosphorylation and myristoylation sites were also found in AlaNHX protein. Three-dimensional (3D) structure analysis revealed that this protein may be classified as stable and of hydrophobic nature containing a significant proportion of alpha helices. In this study, a three-dimensional structure of AlaNHX protein was predicted by using in-silico3D homology modeling technique. This study provides baseline information for understanding the importance of NHX protein structure in salinity resistance of grasses. This information could help in improving salinity tolerance in salt sensitive grasses through genetic engineering.
Social-Cognitive Theories

In naming our species in his biological taxonomy, Linnaeus (1758) chose Homo sapiens, designating us as “the wise/knowing man. ” Explicit in this choice is the belief that the construction of meaningful knowledge is the preeminent characteristic separating our species from its biological cousins. In Descent of Man, Darwin (1871) further underscored the unique role of subjective meaning in shaping human emotion and behavior. He described, for example, the profound feelings of revulsion and palpable physical symptoms that a devout Hindu man might instantaneously feel upon discovering that he has inadvertently eaten food that is considered “unclean” for religious reasons; however, a person with a different religious belief system might eat the very same food with great relish. Examples of this sort make it clear that human behavior is profoundly influenced by our subjective understandings of the world. The notion that social reality is mentally construed and humans act and react to it on the basis of this constructed understanding forms the core of social cognition research. In general terms, social cognition research seeks to understand the mental processes through which social meaning arises and exerts its influence on behavior. The scientific challenges inherent in studying these processes are formidable. While it may seem trivially obvious that religious beliefs, to use Darwin’s example, can indeed exert a powerful effect on behavior, carefully
Detection of Archaea in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor by in situ hybridization chain reaction – fluorescence in situ hybridization

Detection of functional genes and mRNAs using highly sensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is necessary to further our understanding of the in situ physiological potential of prokaryotes. Although highly sensitive FISH requires cell-wall treatment for the penetration of enzyme-labeled probes or polynucleotide probes into target cells, a universal cell-wall treatment method has not yet been reported. We developed an in situ hybridization chain reaction (HCR)– FISH for improving probe permeability for sensitive FISH. The signal intensity of in situ HCR was stronger than that of standard FISH. The probe permeability of in situ HCR–FISH was higher than that of catalysed reporter deposition (CARD)–FISH in Methanosaeta concilii, which requires cell-wall treatment for CARD–FISH. To test the applicability of in situ HCR–FISH for detecting environmental samples, it was applied to anaerobic sludge in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor that was treating sewage. The detection rate with in situ HCR–FISH (18% ± 3%) was almost the same as that with standard FISH (22% ± 4%) and higher than that with CARD–FISH (9% ± 3%). These results indicated that in situ HCR–FISH is superior to CARD–FISH for detecting prokaryotes with low cell permeability.
Perception of phase changes in the context of musical audio source separation

This study investigates into the perceptual consequence of phase change in conventional magnitude-based source separation. A listening test was conducted, where the participants compared three different source separation scenarios, each with two phase retrieval cases: phase from the original mix or from the target source. The participants’ responses regarding their similarity to the reference showed that 1) the difference between the mix phase and the perfect target phase was perceivable in the majority of cases with some song-dependent exceptions, and 2) use of the mix phase degraded the perceived quality even in the case of perfect magnitude separation. The findings imply that there is room for perceptual improvement by attempting correct phase reconstruction, in addition to achieving better magnitude-based separation.
Auditing and Property Rights

Third-party audit provides incentives to an agent whose actions affect the value of an asset. When audit intensity and outcome are unverifiable, we show that with interim-participation constraints the optimal mechanism may use only the auditor's report, disregarding the agent's information. Furthermore, the auditor obtains the asset and the agent a monetary compensation, when a high asset value is reported. This suggests regulating renewable resources or utility networks by giving entrants the option to buy the right to use the asset at a predetermined price, and financially rewarding incumbents for good performance.
Seismic tremor at the 9°50′N East Pacific Rise eruption site

Ocean bottom seismic observations within the 9°50′N region of the East Pacific Rise indicate persistent, low‐amplitude tremor activity throughout the October 2003 through February 2007 period of monitoring. These signals exhibit either monochromatic or polychromatic spectral characteristics, with a ∼6 Hz fundamental frequency and up to two harmonics. Individual events cannot be correlated between nearby (<1 km) stations, implying the presence of multiple, small‐amplitude sources positioned within the shallow crust. Tremor exhibits a semidiurnal periodicity, with some stations recording activity during times of increasing tidal extension and others detecting tremor signals during times of increasing compression. The amplitude, duration, and rate of activity also correlate positively with fortnightly changes in the amplitude of the tides. These spatiotemporal patterns are consistent with tremor generation in response to tidally modulated fluid flow within a network of shallow cracks. Tremor energy flux is spatially and temporally heterogeneous; however, there are extended periods of greater and lesser activity that can be tracked across portions of the array. Despite their shallow crustal origin, changes in tremor amplitude and spectral character occur in the months prior to a major microearthquake swarm and inferred seafloor spreading event on 22 January 2006, with an increase in the degree of correlation between tremor activity and tidal strain in the weeks leading up to this event. After the spreading event, two eruption‐surviving stations near the axis continue to show high rates of tremor activity, whereas these signals are suppressed at the single station recovered from the near‐axis flanks. This off‐axis quiescence may result from the dike‐induced closing of cracks or perhaps from the emplacement of impermeable flows near the station.
Aalborg Universitet Joint Resource Allocation for Dual-Band Heterogeneous Wireless Network Adeogun , Ramoni

In this paper, we investigate downlink resource allocation in two–tier OFDMA heterogeneous networks comprising a macrocell transmitting at a microwave frequency and dual band small cells utilizing both microwave and millimeter wave frequencies. A non cooperative game theoretic approach is proposed for adaptively switching the small cell transmission frequency based on the location of small cell users and interference to macrocell users. We propose a resource allocation approach which maximizes the sum rate of small cell users while minimizing interference to macrocell users and the total power consumption. The performance of the proposed resource allocation solution is evaluated via rigorous MATLAB simulations.
A Reconnection Switch to Trigger gamma-Ray Burst Jet Dissipation

Prompt gamma-ray burst (GRB) emission requires some mechanism to dissipate an ultrarelativistic jet. Internal shocks or some form of electromagnetic dissipation are candidate mechanisms. Any mechanism needs to answer basic questions, such as what is the origin of variability, what radius does dissipation occur at, and how does efficient prompt emission occur. These mechanisms also need to be consistent with how ultrarelativistic jets form and stay baryon pure despite turbulence and electromagnetic reconnection near the compact object and despite stellar entrainment within the collapsar model. We use the latest magnetohydrodynamical models of ultrarelativistic jets to explore some of these questions in the context of electromagnetic dissipation due to the slow collisional and fast collisionless reconnection mechanisms, as often associated with Sweet-Parker and Petschek reconnection, respectively. For a highly magnetized ultrarelativistic jet and typical collapsar parameters, we find that significant electromagnetic dissipation may be avoided until it proceeds catastrophically near the jet photosphere at large radii (r {approx} 10{sup 13}-10{sup 14}cm), by which the jet obtains a high Lorentz factor ({gamma} {approx} 100-1000), has a luminosity of L{sub j} {approx} 10{sup 50}-10{sup 51} erg s{sup -1}, has observer variability timescales of order 1s (ranging from 0.001-10s), achieves {gamma}{theta}{sub j} {approx} 10-20more » (for opening half-angle {theta}{sub j}) and so is able to produce jet breaks, and has comparable energy available for both prompt and afterglow emission. A range of model parameters are investigated and simplified scaling laws are derived. This reconnection switch mechanism allows for highly efficient conversion of electromagnetic energy into prompt emission and associates the observed prompt GRB pulse temporal structure with dissipation timescales of some number of reconnecting current sheets embedded in the jet. We hope this work helps motivate the development of self-consistent radiative compressible relativistic reconnection models. « less
Enhanced Biogas Production of Micro-alga, Hydrodictyon Reticulatum by Hydrothermal Pretreatment

The filamentous algal biomass, Hydrodictyon reticulatum (H. Reticulatum) was used to evaluate the biogas production after hydrothermal preteatment in batch anaerobic digestion. The effect of hydrothermal pretreatment at range of 50 ~ 280 o C was tested with filamentous algal biomass. The solubilization by pretreatment showed a higher degree of disintegrated filamentous algal biomass and the soluble COD was increased 12.8 fold than untreated sample at 280 o C. Solubilization due to hydrothermal pretreatment increased the specific biogas production and volatile solids reduction rates. Using the hydrothermal treatment approach, the specific methane production were 161.8, 169.1, 178.4, 191.7, 274.9, 285.2 and 364.4 mL/g-VS of the pretreated at raw, 50, 100, 120, 180, 230, and 280 o C, respectively. The volatile solids reduction was greater with increased temperature applied, and the degradation increased 69.7% at 280 o C from 45.8% VS reduction of raw
INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON CHOICE REACTION TIME IN SPORTS EXPERTS : THE MEDIATING ROLE OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION

This experiment was performed in the aim of analyzing the influence of physical exertion on decisional processing in sports experts. 40 subjects were involved in the experiment. The first group (N=20) was composed of fencers and fencing masters, the second (N=20) of subjects who practised sport but who had no expertise in decisional sports. The two groups did not differ in physical condition. While pedalling on a cycloergometer at relative powers corresponding to 20, 40, 60 and 80% of their own maximal aerobic power, the subjects had to perform two choice reaction time tasks (2-RT and 4-RT). Performance scores were collected, and for all conditions, subjects were asked to assess the difficulty of the reaction time task. The results showed, for the experts, a monotonic increase in performance, as physical exertion increased. On the contrary, the performances of the non-expert group deteriorated as exertion increased. The error rate remained stable for each group over all conditions. Finally, the experts assessed tasks as more difficult than the non-experts, especially at high levels of exertion. These results showed that the improvement of the experts' performances in decision tasks under high physical exertion was related to an additional resource investment. Key-words: Physical exertion, information processing, resource allocation, perceived difficulty.