Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quick and precise position control of ultrasonic motor using hybrid control

The ultrasonic motor has an excellent level of performance and many useful features, including high torque, low speed, compactness in size, and absence of electromagnetic interference. This motor has an especially large holding torque and a high response characteristic, making it ideal for use as a servomotor. The drive principle of the ultrasonic motor is, however, different from that of electromagnetic motors and its mathematical model has not been developed yet. Its speed characteristics, moreover, vary with the driving conditions. Consequently, it is difficult to control the ultrasonic motor while maintaining performance. In this paper, a position control scheme using adaptive control is proposed. The utility and validity of the proposed control scheme is tested in experiment.
Simulation of GPS localisation based on ray tracing

Abstract. In recent years, many simulation tools emerged to model the communication of connected vehicles. Thereby, the focus was put on channel modelling, applications or protocols while the localisation due to satellite navigation systems was treated as perfect. The effect of inaccurate positioning, however, was neglected so far. This paper presents an approach to extend an existing simulation framework for radio networks to estimate the localisation accuracy by navigation systems like GPS, GLONASS or Galileo. Therefore the error due multipath components is calculated by ray optical path loss predictions (ray tracing) considering 3D building data together with a well-established model for the ionospheric error.
Iron Supplementation Delays Aging and Extends Cellular Lifespan through Potentiation of Mitochondrial Function

Aging is the greatest challenge to humankind worldwide. Aging is associated with a progressive loss of physiological integrity due to a decline in cellular metabolism and functions. Such metabolic changes lead to age-related diseases, thereby compromising human health for the remaining life. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify geroprotectors that regulate metabolic functions to target the aging biological processes. Nutrients are the major regulator of metabolic activities to coordinate cell growth and development. Iron is an important nutrient involved in several biological functions, including metabolism. In this study using yeast as an aging model organism, we show that iron supplementation delays aging and increases the cellular lifespan. To determine how iron supplementation increases lifespan, we performed a gene expression analysis of mitochondria, the main cellular hub of iron utilization. Quantitative analysis of gene expression data reveals that iron supplementation upregulates the expression of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain (ETC) genes. Furthermore, in agreement with the expression profiles of mitochondrial genes, ATP level is elevated by iron supplementation, which is required for increasing the cellular lifespan. To confirm, we tested the role of iron supplementation in the AMPK knockout mutant. AMPK is a highly conserved controller of mitochondrial metabolism and energy homeostasis. Remarkably, iron supplementation rescued the short lifespan of the AMPK knockout mutant and confirmed its anti-aging role through the enhancement of mitochondrial functions. Thus, our results suggest a potential therapeutic use of iron supplementation to delay aging and prolong healthspan.
Evaluation of GCM Simulated Climate over the Canadian Prairie Provinces

The objective of this study was to evaluate eleven Global Climate Model (GCM) simulations based on capabiliy to replicate 1961–1990 mean surface air temperature and total precipitation for the Canadian Prairie Provinces. The seasonal and annual magnitudes and spatial patterns of the GCM climates were compared to those of three observed data sets. The results demonstrated that most of the GCMs simulated the observed mean temperature magnitudes and spatial patterns reasonably well. The spatial correlation coefficients were high (> 0.8) and the pattern root mean square errors (PRMSE) were low (< 2°C) for most models. However, all GCMs over-predicted the total annual precipitation by 8 to 66%. The degree of over-prediction varied seasonally; winter and spring precipitation amounts were highly overestimated, autumn values were moderately over-predicted while summer amounts were only slightly overestimated, or even underestimated in some cases. The GCMs varied considerably in capability to represent precipitation spatial patterns. For example, the spatial correlation coefficients and PRMSEs for annual total precipitation ranged between –0.1 and 0.8 and 35 and 158 mm, respectively. In general, ECHAM4, HadCM3 and NCAR-PCM demonstrated the best simulated mean temperature and total precipitation over the provinces. Seven GCM runs were also used for an intercomparison of modelled future temperature and precipitation scenarios for the 30-year periods centred on 2050 and 2080. The models demonstrated a very high amount of variability in predicted future changes for both mean temperature and total precipitation. These results will contribute to an improved understanding of both present day and future GCM-simulated climate in the Prairie Provinces.
Line and via voiding measurements in damascene copper lines using metal illumination

New methods for monitoring via and line voiding in metal interconnect structures are described. A focused laser beam injects heat into a structure such as a line or via chain, which may have width considerably smaller than the spot size. Conduction of heat, and therefore temperature under the spot, is a function of via or line integrity. Probing the temperature using laser reflection provides a direct nondestructive measure of via continuity or line voiding.
PENERAPAN METODE K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR UNTUK SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT DIABETES MELITUS

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit tidak menular (PTM) yang telah menyebar ke seluruh dunia. Faktor yang dapat menyebabkan seseorang menderita diabetes melitus diantaranya tekanan darah tinggi, obesitas, riwayat penyakit diabetes melitus dalam keluarga, usia, serta pola hidup dan diet tidak sehat. Faktor lain yang menjadi pemicu tingginya tingkat kematian akibat diabetes melitus adalah lambatnya diagnosa karena jumlah tenaga medis yang sedikit terutama di kota kecil. Beberapa uji klinis harus dilakukan untuk mengetahui seseorang terjangkit penyakit diabetes melitus atau tidak, proses uji klinis tersebut memakan waktu yang tidak sebentar. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka dibuat sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan untuk identifikasi penyakit diabetes melitus dengan menggunakan metode klasifikasi K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) dengan 8 variabel yaitu jumlah kehamilan, kadar glukosa, tekanan darah, ketebalan lipatan kulit trisep, insulin, index masa tubuh (IMT), riwayat penyakit diabetes mellitus dalam keluarga, serta usia. Berdasarkan implementasi dan pengujian, dengan nilai k=23 didapatkan tingkat akurasi sebesar 0.96 atau 96%, tingkat akurasi tersebut dinilai cukup tinggi sehingga penelitian ini dinilai telah berhasil menerapkan metode KNN untuk sistem pendukung keputusan identifikasi penyakit diabetes melitus sejak dini.
Feasibility analysis of renewable energy powered tourism island—Hainan, China

The current paper presents a feasibility analysis on a renewable energy dominated power structure in terms of both technological and economic considerations for Hainan Island, China. To determine the optimal system configuration for a hybrid renewable energy system, the software HOMER is used. The assessment criteria include net present cost, cost of energy (COE), and carbon emission intensity (CEI). The modeling results demonstrate that renewable energy dominated power structures can meet the power demand of the island not only in 2010 but also in 2020, despite the almost doubled demand for electricity in 2020 assumed in our model. Thus, building a nuclear power station in this location is unnecessary. The modeling results also show that the COE of the power system decreases from $0.074/kW h in 2010 to $0.051/kW h in 2020 as a result of the declining cost of renewable power equipment. Additionally, CEI can be reduced by 69.2%–74.9% against the current status. Sensitivity analysis shows that the correlati.
INFLUENCE OF THE SELECTED HOOF DISEASES ON REPRODUCTION PARAMETERS OF POLISH HF COWS

The aim of the paper was to show the most frequently occurring limb di- sorders and their effect on reproduction parameters of the cows. The studies were conducted on 220 cows with the mean yield equal to 10 500 kg of milk and showed that 16% of the herd suffered from digital dermatitis, 10% had interdigital dermatitis and 7% revealed sole ulcer (Rusterholz disease). The primiparas and the cows in the third lactation suffered most frequently from hoof lesions. The three mentioned above diseases affected significantly the decrease of milk production of the cows and dete- rioration of reproduction indices. Ovarian cysts occurred most frequently in the cows suffering from the Ruslerholz sole ulcer (13.33%). Endometritis was most frequently (47.06%) found in case of the cows with digital dermatitis. The cows with the hoof disorders became pregnant with greater difficulties and their inter-pregnancy period was considerably prolonged.
The Design of Wireless Load Monitoring System of Auxiliary Shift Based on Labview

According to the working principle of load monitored oil pressure, in order to real-time monitor the actual load of auxiliary shift, and make the execution of alarming on the malfunctions in the working state of the equipment concerned, we designed a monitor system of auxiliary shift based on Labview[1]. This system can provide guarantee of the safety lifting. So the formation, design principle, hardware and software design well be introduced in this article.
Metamaterial-based wideband rat-race hybrid coupler using slow wave lines

Based on derived convenient design equations for slow wave transmission lines and metamaterial line, a very compact and wideband rat-race hybrid coupler is proposed using three -90° slow wave lines and one -90° metamaterial line. The closed-form solutions for circuit parameters based on both phase and phase slope matching conditions are derived. At the design frequency of 2 GHz, the size of the proposed coupler is about 2.0 × 2.0 cm, which is a 85% reduction compared with the conventional one. In addition, the phase balance bandwidths based on ∠ S 21 -∠ S 31 (0±10°) and ∠ S 24 -∠ S 34 (180±10°) have been found to be 150 and 125%, which are 1.8 and 3.0 times improvements compared with those of the conventional one. The measured results are in reasonable agreement with the circuit- and EM-simulated ones.
Yolk Sac Tumor in the Anterior Mediastinum Presenting as Acute Pericarditis

Patient: Male, 20-year-old Final Diagnosis: Mediastinal yolk sac tumor • yolk sac tumor Symptoms: Chest pain • cough • sensation of fullness in the neck Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Mediastinal biopsy Specialty: Cardiology • General and Internal Medicine • Oncology • Pathology Objective: Rare disease Background: Mediastinal masses can originate from anatomical structures normally located in the mediastinum, or from structures that travel through the mediastinum during embryogenesis. Initial presenting symptoms usually vary from shortness of breath, cough, chest pain, and superior vena cava syndrome to nonspecific constitutional symptoms (eg, fever, weight loss, fatigue). However, the initial presentation of a mediastinal mass with acute pericarditis has not been reported in the literature as far as we know. Case Report: A 20-year-old man presented to the Cardiology Clinic with chest pain and new pericardial effusion on echo-cardiography, both fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of acute pericarditis. The patient also had venous engorgement on the neck, and a chest X-ray followed by computed tomography imaging showed a large mediastinal mass. The serum tumor marker α-fetoprotein (AFP) was markedly elevated. The biopsy and immunohistochemistry revealed a high-grade malignant neoplasm – yolk sac tumor, which is a type of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. The acute pericarditis resolved after administration of NSAID and colchicine. The patient was then started on chemotherapy. Conclusions: The discussed case shows the rare presentation of an anterior mediastinal mass with acute pericarditis. This emphasizes the importance of a thorough review of systems and critical analysis of every sign and symptom at the time of initial presentation, which helps the physician to obtain appropriate imaging studies early in the course, leading to an early diagnosis and treatment of the disease, such as in this case of an extremely rare germ cell tumor.
Simulation-Based Hanging Wall Effects

The hanging wall (HW) effect is defined as the increase in ground motion at short distances for sites on the hanging wall side of a rupture when compared to sites on the footwall (FW) side at the same closest distance. In general, it is a geometrical effect due to the use of a closest distance metric, such as rupture distance, that does not capture the main features of the ground motion scaling for sites near dipping faults. To constrain the HW scaling on magnitude, distance, dip, and depth to top of rupture, finite-fault simulations were used to generate ground motions from 34 source geometries with 30 realizations of the slip distribution and hypocenter locations. The scaling of resulting response spectral accelerations at over 130,000 source/site combinations were parameterized to model the dependence of the HW effects. This HW scaling was utilized to constrain some of the NGA-West2 ground motion prediction equations.
Faculty Perceptions of Mattering in Teaching and Learning: A Qualitative Examination of the Views, Values, and Teaching Practices of Award-Winning Professors

We summarize qualitative research conducted on the mattering construct and then describe a qualitative investigation focused on mattering as a key aspect of the relational factors which influence the learning and development of students. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 professors recognized for their teaching excellence. Specifically, we assessed professors’ attitudes towards student perceptions of mattering and awareness of mattering in terms of their own self-reported beliefs, attitudes, and teaching practices that convey to students that they matter. Thematic analysis confirmed that almost all the award-winning professors interviewed recognized students’ need to matter and found effective ways to convey to students that they matter. These professors tended to be more similar than different in their approaches and attitudes. Key themes included the need for professors to show students they care about them as students and as people, seeing and treating students as individuals who are collaborators in the learning process, and the need to avoid anti-mattering micro-practices that can result in students becoming disengaged and disillusioned. We discuss these findings in terms of how an explicit focus on mattering promotion is warranted as a central attribute of effective teaching and learning, how the current findings enhance understanding of the mattering construct and how it should be assessed.
Force sensing and its application in minimally invasive surgery and therapy: A survey

Abstract The reduced access conditions of minimally invasive surgery and therapy (MIST) impair or completely eliminate the feel of tool—tissue interaction forces. Many researchers have been working actively on the development of force sensors and sensing techniques to address this problem. The goal of this survey article is to summarize the state of the art in force sensing techniques for medical interventions in order to identify existing limitations and future directions. A literature search was performed from January to July 2009 using a combination of keywords relevant to the area, including force, sensor, sensing, haptics, and minimally invasive surgery. The literature search resulted in 126 articles with valuable content. This article presents a summary of the force sensing technologies, design specifications for force sensors in clinical applications, force sensors and sensing instruments that have been developed for MIST, and the experiments performed to determine the need for force information. Open areas of research include force sensor design, development of alternative methods of sensing, assessment of the impact of force information on performance, determination of the benefits of haptic information, and evaluation of the human factors involved in the processing and use of force information.
STOCHASTIC OPTIMIZATION BASED APPROACH FOR EFFICIENT BUILDING DESIGN

Facing the building related energetic and environmental issues, and heeding the thermal regulations standards, building designers have to think in a different way there design approach in order to make buildings more efficient. Therefore, designers need a method to get information on the potential of a building program and on the optimal solution to improve visual and thermal comfort, and to reduce energy requirements and construction cost. This paper describes a genetic algorithm based approach applied to building energy simulation tools in order to optimize building design, from the geometry to the energetic properties, while minimizing energy, discomforts and costs. According to designer goals, two approaches were studied: • The first way is to let designers choose the approach of optimization for the building geometry, from optimization of external and internal geometry to providing complete geometry. • The second way is to let designers adapt the scope of the optimization. In order to take various potential occupancies into account, several models of occupation has been integrated to the building numerical model. Models could be provided by designers according to their feedback.
A new type of fuzzy controller based upon a fuzzy expert system shell FLOPS

The authors propose a type of fuzzy controller which is not based on existing fuzzy control theory. Instead, it is based on the general-purpose parallel rule-firing fuzzy logic production system shell, FLOPS. Several different process models are controlled by this fuzzy controller to evaluate its control performances. The performance of the proposed fuzzy controller is compared to that of a fine-tuned proportional-integral controller by using a first-order linear model. Theoretical aspects of the proposed fuzzy controller are studied using different kinds of fuzzy logic for evaluating the fuzzy control rules. <<ETX>>
Multipulse improved-power-quality AC-DC convertors for vector-controlled induction-motor drives

The paper deals with polygon autotransformer-based 12-pulse and 18-pulse AC–DC convertors feeding vector-controlled induction-motor drives (VCIMDs) for improving power quality at the point of common coupling (PCC). The design of autotransformers is carried out for proposed AC–DC convertors to make them suitable for retrofit applications, where at present a six-pulse diode bridge is used. The effect of load variation on VCIMD is also studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed AC–DC convertors over a wide operating range. Laboratory prototypes of proposed autotransformer-based 12-pulse and 18-pulse AC–DC convertors are developed and test results are presented to validate the proposed design and model developed of the system.
Detecting Endpoint Error of an Ongoing Reaching Movement: the Role of Vision, Proprioception, and Efference

Abstract Brief windows of vision presented during reaching movements contribute to endpoint error estimates. It is not clear whether such error detection processes depend on other sources of information (e.g., proprioception and efference). In the current study, participants were presented with a brief window of vision and then judged whether their movement endpoint under- or over-shot the target after: 1) performing an active reach; 2) being passively guided by a robotic arm; and 3) observing a fake hand moved by the robot arm. Participants were most accurate at estimating their endpoint error in the active movement conditions and least accurate in the action observation condition. Thus, both efferent and proprioceptive information significantly contribute to endpoint error detection processes even with brief visual feedback.
RELAP5/MOD3 Code Verification Through PWR Pressure Vessel Small Break LOCA Tests in OECD/NEA ROSA Project

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) started OECD/NEA ROSA Project in 2005 to resolve issues in the thermal-hydraulic analyses relevant to LWR safety through the experiments of ROSA/LSTF in JAEA. More than 17 organizations from 14 NEA member countries have joined the Project. The ROSA Project intends to focus on the validation of simulation models and methods for complex phenomena that may occur during DBEs and beyond-DBE transients. Twelve experiments are to be conducted in the six types. By utilizing the obtained data, the predictability of codes is validated. Nine experiments have been performed so far in the ROSA Project to date. The results of two out of these experiments; PV top and bottom small-break (SB) LOCA simulations are studied here, through comparisons with the results from pre-test and post-test analyses by using the RELAP5/MOD3.2 code as a typical and well-utilized/improved best estimate (BE) code. The experimental conditions were defined based on the pre-test (blind) analysis. The comparison with the experiment results may clearly indicate a state of the art of the code to deal with relevant reactor accidents. The code predictive capability was verified further through the post-test analysis. The obtained issues in the utilization of the RELAP5 code are summarized as well as the outline of the ROSA Project.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
The Mechanical Properties of Marine and Terrestrial Skeletal Materials

Abstract The innate, mechanical properties of tool raw materials place ultimate limits on how the materials can be worked and used, thus affecting most facets of tool use-lives. Prehistoric forager groups such as the Alutiiq of Alaska's Kodiak archipelago constructed tools not only from stone, but also from a range of skeletal materials whose mechanical properties are not well understood. Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the material stiffness, strength, and toughness (fracture resistance) of sea lion and cervid limb bone as they relate to better-studied antler. Sea lions are a semi-marine adapted species but their limb bone properties overlap those of elk and white-tailed deer. Elk bone is particularly strong and stiff; while antler's remarkable degree of toughness makes it the ideal choice for tools that require maximum fracture resistance, a pattern that is evident in protohistoric Alutiiq toolkits. Further tests are needed to refine our understanding of how the mechanical properties of osseous tissues vary within and between taxa and skeletal elements.