Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Separation of Large, Medium, and Small Myocardial Infarcts in Survivors of Reperfused ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Comprehensive Tissue Doppler and Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography Study

Background—The objective of the study was to evaluate the ability of established and new parameters of global systolic left ventricle function to estimate myocardial infarct size. Increasing infarct extent is associated with impaired prognosis in chronic ischemic heart disease. Systolic myocardial deformation is a complex 3D process that is mainly influenced by the amount and transmural distribution of viable myocardium. Speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) enables deformation assessment along the 3 main cardiac axes independent of insonation angle. Methods and Results—Global longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain and left ventricle twist by 2D-STE, global longitudinal strain rate and strain by tissue Doppler imaging, and left ventricle ejection fraction and wall motion score index were assessed in 40 patients 8.5±5.4 months after a first myocardial infarct and compared with global myocardial infarct mass assessed by contrast-enhanced MRI. Longitudinal and circumferential strain by 2D-STE and longitudinal strain and strain rate by tissue Doppler imaging significantly separated medium-sized infarcts from small or large infarcts at the global level (P<0.05). All deformation indices correlated significantly with global infarct mass (P<0.01). Circumferential and longitudinal strains by 2D-STE demonstrated the best ability to identify medium-sized global myocardial infarcts. Conclusions—Circumferential and longitudinal strains by 2D-STE correlate with myocardial infarct mass and significantly differentiate among large, medium, and small myocardial infarcts.
Smoking, Physical Activity, and Active Life Expectancy

The effect of smoking and physical activity on active and disabled life expectancy is examined using data from the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. The data concern 8604 individuals aged 65 or over living in New England or Iowa who were originally assessed between 1981 and 1983 and then followed-up over a six-year period. "Compared with smokers men and women nonsmokers survived 1.6-3.9 and 1.6-3.6 years longer respectively depending on level of physical activity. When smokers were disabled and close to death most nonsmokers were still nondisabled. Physical activity from low to moderate to high was significantly associated with more years of life expectancy in both smokers.and nonsmokers. Higher physical activity was associated with fewer years of disability prior to death. These findings provide strong and explicit evidence that refraining from smoking and doing regular physical activity predict a long and healthy life. " (EXCERPT)
ATLAS OF NEUROANATOMY

ATLAS OF NEUROANATOMY By Joseph J. Warner 2001. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann Price £90. pp. 676. ISBN 0750672501 As stated in the Foreword by Dr M. A. Samuels, Joseph Warner’s Atlas of Neuroanatomy is the result of a ‘life‐long love affair with the nervous system’. It is a huge book in every sense resulting from the accumulation of a vast amount of neuroanatomical material (slides, neurohistological preparations, sections of autopsy material, etc.) during a long career in clinical neurology and neuroscience. As Dr Warner states in the Preface, all the illustrations in the book are the result of his own involvement at every stage of preparation, from resection of nervous tissue at autopsy until the final production of the photographs for subsequent reproduction at the printers. It is also worth noting that technical advances in neuroimaging that he has pioneered have been selected for presentation at recent annual meetings of the Society for Neuroscience. Thus, this is not only a vastly comprehensive and inclusive work but one that is of a truly contemporary nature. The book (or maybe it should be described as a ‘monumental tome’) is presented in eight parts. Part 1, ‘Neuroanatomy’, consists of a wonderful collection of colour and black and white photographs of the brain, some gratifyingly close‐up, to provide a very comprehensive representation …
Constructive Incremental Learning from Only Local Information

We introduce a constructive, incremental learning system for regression problems that models data by means of spatially localized linear models. In contrast to other approaches, the size and shape of the receptive field of each locally linear model, as well as the parameters of the locally linear model itself, are learned independently, that is, without the need for competition or any other kind of communication. Independent learning is accomplished by incrementally minimizing a weighted local cross-validation error. As a result, we obtain a learning system that can allocate resources as needed while dealing with the bias-variance dilemma in a principled way. The spatial localization of the linear models increases robustness toward negative interference. Our learning system can be interpreted as a nonparametric adaptive bandwidth smoother, as a mixture of experts where the experts are trained in isolation, and as a learning system that profits from combining independent expert knowledge on the same problem. This article illustrates the potential learning capabilities of purely local learning and offers an interesting and powerful approach to learning with receptive fields.
The Challenges of Loss to Follow-up in Longitudinal Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury Research: One Research Team's Experiences

The Primary objective of this article is to determine the factors associated with retention of children and adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their families in two prospective longitudinal cohort studies. The study cohort consists of 192 families with a child with ABI who was admitted to McMaster Children’s Hospital (Hamilton, Ontario, Canada) between November 2001 and December 2003. The first study followed this cohort from discharge to two years post-ABI. After a one-year funding gap, the subsequent study followed the same cohort for another four years, which resulted in up to seven years of follow-up. Strategies adopted by the research team to enhance the retention were reviewed, and the possible impact of attrition on study outcomes was evaluated. At the end of the first two years, 175 of the 192 families (91%) remained; at the end of the succeeding follow-up study, 78 of the 87 participant families (90%) remained. No statistically significant difference in demographics and the variables related to ABI was found between those who were lost to follow-up and those who remained in the study. The results suggested that there is no predictable pattern in participants who are lost to followup and those that remain. Proactive steps, such as those retention strategies discussed in the manuscript, should be taken by researchers to address this challenging issue of retention in pediatric ABI longitudinal research.
Physical Activity Before and After School

JOPERD • Volume 83 No. 6 • August 2012 B eforeand after-school programs (BASPs) offer an excellent opportunity for children to accumulate healthenhancing physical activity (PA), which is why they are one of the five components of a Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP; Beets, Beighle, Erwin, & Huberty, 2009; National Association for Sport and Physical Education [NASPE], 2008). With the current focus on high-stakes accountability for academic achievement in specific content areas such as reading and math, less time is being allocated for PA via physical education and recess (Burton & VanHeest, 2007). Nonetheless, as mentioned earlier in this feature, schools are being called to lead efforts to promote PA. Beforeand after-school programs offer PA opportunities that do not interfere with class time, making them particularly attractive. They offer a safe environment to learn lifelong health-enhancing habits (Beighle et al., 2010). For the purpose of this article, BASPs will be defined as adult-supervised programs offered before or after school hours on a regular basis. These can include traditional daycare/after-school programs, intramural sports, interscholastic sports, PA clubs, joint use agreements, and active commuting. The director of physical activity (DPA), serving as the school champion for PA, takes on many roles requiring an array of skills and competencies (Beighle, Erwin, Castelli, & Ernst, 2009; Carson, 2012). One role of the DPA is to be aware of a variety of programs, strategies, and ideas for fostering PA in BASPs. While the traditional after-school daycare program is the most common BASP and the most researched, other opportunities are available. The remainder of this article will discuss a variety of BASPs that can be implemented from preschool through 12th grade. These programs offer PA opportunities before and after school for youths of various ages, skill levels, and socioeconomic statuses. In addition, strategies for the DPA to maximize the effectiveness of BASPs in promoting health-enhancing PA will be presented.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the Tamiops swinhoei (Rodentia: Sciuridae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of Tamiops swinhoei has been determined in this study. It is 16,513 bp in size and consists of 2 rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes and one non-coding region (D-loop). The overall base composition of the heavy strand of the T. swinhoei mitochondrial genome is A: 32.63%, T: 28.67%, C: 26.33% and G: 12.37%. The alignment of the Tamiops species control regions exhibited high genetic variability and rich A + T content (63.42%).
Identification of different serotypes of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus from Sylhet district, Bangladesh; by adoption and application of RT-PCR and mRT-PCR.

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a major constraint for livestock in Bangladesh; as outbreak of FMD remains uncontrolled despite vaccination. Accurate and Rapid detection of FMD virus with its serotype in field samples is indispensible. So, molecular detection of FMDV was adopted using RT-PCR (reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction) and mRT-PCR (multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). Ten (10) FMD suspected clinical samples from cattle of two different outbreak areas of Sylhet district of Bangladesh was collected. One set of universal primer (P32:P33) was used in RT-PCR for the detection of FMD virus regardless of their serotypes and a cocktail of primer mix (P38:P40:P74-77:P110) was used in mRT-PCR intending the identification of the serotypes A, O, C and Asia 1. Using universal primer sets 90% of the samples generated amplicon of expected size, indicating the samples containing FMD virus. By mRT-PCR, two serotypes, ‘O’ and Asia 1 were successfully, whereas type C and A were absent in this study. Out of the 9 viruses; 7 was identified as serotype ‘O’ and 2 were identified as Asia-1. Our study indicates that FMDV serotype ‘O’ and Asia-1 was circulating in the two upazilas (Sub-district) of Sylhet district during the study period. Our study also endorses that, RT-PCR and mRT-PCR can successfully be used for a dependable and rapid detection of FMD. However, presence and detection of ‘O’ and Asia-1 serotype of FMDV through this study and serotype A by other researchers emphasizes the critical need for use of trivalent vaccine in the field. International Journal of Natural Sciences (2014), 4(1) 28-34
Vertical bone augmentation using recombinant bone morphogenetic protein, mineralized bone allograft, and titanium mesh: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study.

PURPOSE This retrospective study evaluated the use of a composite graft of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and particulate mineralized bone allograft protected by a titanium mesh for vertical bone augmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of data on patients from four oral and maxillofacial surgery practices in the United States who required vertical augmentation prior to implant treatment was conducted. Vertical augmentation was accomplished with rhBMP-2 in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier and particulate allograft. Cone beam computed tomography was used to measure vertical bone gains using this technique. RESULTS Sixteen vertical ridge augmentation procedures were performed in 15 patients. The maximum vertical bone gains ranged from 4.4 to 16.3 mm. The average maximum vertical bone gain was 8.53 mm. The procedure allowed implant placement in all patients. Forty implants were inserted into the grafted ridges after a minimum of 6 months of healing. All implants integrated and were used for prosthetic support. CONCLUSION This study suggests that rhBMP-2/ACS and particulate mineralized bone allograft protected by a titanium mesh offers favorable vertical bone gains to allow dental implant placement.
Development of Criteria to Distinguish Inflammatory from Noninflammatory Arthritis, Enthesitis, Dactylitis, and Spondylitis: A Report from the GRAPPA 2013 Annual Meeting

Objective. To describe a research project to develop simple clinical criteria to aid in the identification of inflammatory arthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis, and spondylitis and distinguish these from non-inflammatory conditions. The criteria are particularly intended to aid non-rheumatologists, e.g., dermatologists, who need assistance identifying psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis, but may be useful to all clinicians in properly diagnosing rheumatologic conditions. Methods. The proposed research methodology includes the use of a nominal group exercise among expert clinicians and patient focus groups, Delphi exercises among clinicians and patients, application of criteria test sets to a small group of representative patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions, and validation by application of optimal criteria sets to large groups of patients with inflammatory and noninflammatory conditions. Results. Examples of elements to describe inflammatory conditions derived from a nominal group exercise conducted at the 2013 GRAPPA annual meeting are described, along with planned project activities. Conclusion. This project will lead to the development of practical criteria to aid in the diagnosis and appropriate clinical care of patients with chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions.
Lythrum and Peplis from the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic of North America and Eurasia: new evidence suggesting early diversification within the Lythraceae.

PREMISE OF THE STUDY To fully understand the evolution of today's angiosperms, the fossil record of plant families and genera must be used to determine their time of origin and phytogeographic history. As within many angiosperm families, the interrelationships of extant Lythraceae are hard to resolve without sufficient data from the geological past. Here we establish the earliest fossil occurrences of Lythraceae and start resolving the interrelationships and evolution of two of its genera, Lythrum and Peplis. METHODS We studied several Cretaceous and Cenozoic palynofloras from the northern and southern hemispheres. Using the single-grain technique, we screened the treated samples for Lythrum- and Peplis-type pollen. The same individual pollen grains were observed under both the light- and scanning electron microscope, allowing a high taxonomic resolution to be achieved. KEY RESULTS Fossil Lythraceae pollen grains are rare in palynological samples. Nevertheless, we were able to identify Lythrum and Peplis pollen from Late Cretaceous sediments and thereby extend the fossil record of the two genera by ca 70 million years. CONCLUSIONS The appearance of Lythrum and Peplis in North America and Peplis in Asia at approximately the same interval in the mid Late Cretaceous points to an already wide geographical distribution by then. These findings add vital information for the time of origin of the Lythraceae and suggest a higher diversity within the family. They also indicate that the distribution of particular genera during the Cretaceous was wider than previously thought.
Development of Type 1 Diabetes: Monocytes and dendritic cells in the pancreas

textabstractThis thesis focuses on the presence of precursors for dendritic cells and the characterization of dendritic cell subsets in the normal pancreas in mice and humans as well as in the pancreas of the NOD mouse, a type 1 diabetes mouse model. Therefore, we give a short introduction to dendritic cells, the NOD mouse and type 1 diabetes.
LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF GENETIC RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of death in the United States. For this reason, CVD and CVD risk factor prevention poses high public health significance, due to its prevalence and financial burden on society. CVD and risk factors prevalence as well as genetic structures are known to be different in White and African American populations. This indicates that genetic differences could be responsible for differences in disease prevalence. The purpose of this study was to examine if genotype was a significant predictor of CVD risk factor measurements over time using mixed modeling and trajectory group analysis.
Sensor Node Placement in Wireless Sensor Network Based on Territorial Predator Scent Marking Algorithm

Optimum sensor node placement in a monitored area is needed for cost-effective deployment. The positions of sensor nodes must be able to provide maximum coverage with longer lifetimes. This paper proposed a sensor node placement technique that utilizes a new biologically inspired optimization technique that imitates the behaviour of territorial predators in marking their territories with their odours, known as territorial predator scent marking algorithm (TPSMA). The TPSMA deployed in this paper uses the maximum coverage objective function. A performance study has been carried out by comparing the performance of the proposed technique with the minimax and lexicographic minimax (lexmin) sensor node placement schemes in terms of coverage ratio and uniformity. Uniformity is a performance metric that can be used to estimate a WSN lifetime. Simulation results show that the WSN deployed with the proposed sensor node placement scheme outperforms the other two schemes with larger coverage ratio and is expected to provide as long lifetime as possible.
Routine Assessment and Promotion of Physical Activity in Healthcare Settings: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Physical inactivity is one of the most prevalent major health risk factors, with 8 in 10 US adults not meeting aerobic and muscle-strengthening guidelines, and is associated with a high burden of cardiovascular disease. Improving and maintaining recommended levels of physical activity leads to reductions in metabolic, hemodynamic, functional, body composition, and epigenetic risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases. Physical activity also has a significant role, in many cases comparable or superior to drug interventions, in the prevention and management of >40 conditions such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity, depression, Alzheimer disease, and arthritis. Whereas most of the modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors included in the American Heart Association’s My Life Check - Life’s Simple 7 are evaluated routinely in clinical practice (glucose and lipid profiles, blood pressure, obesity, and smoking), physical activity is typically not assessed. The purpose of this statement is to provide a comprehensive review of the evidence on the feasibility, validity, and effectiveness of assessing and promoting physical activity in healthcare settings for adult patients. It also adds concrete recommendations for healthcare systems, clinical and community care providers, fitness professionals, the technology industry, and other stakeholders in order to catalyze increased adoption of physical activity assessment and promotion in healthcare settings and to contribute to meeting the American Heart Association’s 2020 Impact Goals.
CLDA: An Effective Topic Model for Mining User Interest Preference under Big Data Background

In the present big data background, how to effectively excavate useful information is the problem that big data is facing now. The purpose of this study is to construct a more effective method of mining interest preferences of users in a particular field in the context of today’s big data. We mainly use a large number of user text data from microblog to study. LDA is an effective method of text mining, but it will not play a very good role in applying LDA directly to a large number of short texts in microblog. In today’s more effective topic modeling project, short texts need to be aggregated into long texts to avoid data sparsity. However, aggregated short texts are mixed with a lot of noise, reducing the accuracy of mining the user’s interest preferences. In this paper, we propose Combining Latent Dirichlet Allocation (CLDA), a new topic model that can learn the potential topics of microblog short texts and long texts simultaneously. The data sparsity of short texts is avoided by aggregating long texts to assist in learning short texts. Short text filtering long text is reused to improve mining accuracy, making long texts and short texts effectively combined. Experimental results in a real microblog data set show that CLDA outperforms many advanced models in mining user interest, and we also confirm that CLDA also has good performance in recommending systems.
Temporal Evolution of Clinical Parameters before Death in Dialysis Patients: A New Concept

Background: Chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients experience an appallingly high mortality in the range of 20% per year. Little is known on the dynamics of key clinical and laboratory variables in the weeks and months preceding death. In order to gain more insight into events preceding death, we embarked on a novel methodological approach which encompasses data analysis from the date of death backwards in time. Methods: The current study investigates the dynamics of postdialytic weight and serum albumin levels in the 24 months preceding death. We performed a retrospective analysis of 2,462 maintenance HD patients who died between July 1, 2005 and April 30, 2008. Patients’ monthly serum albumin levels were extracted for the 24 months preceding the date of death. Similarly, the median weekly postdialysis weight was extracted for the 104 weeks prior to death. Data were analyzed with linear mixed models. Results: Both albumin levels and postdialytic body weight showed a significant decrease irrespective of gender and race in the 3 final months of life. The most pronounced decreases in postdialytic weight and albumin levels were observed in patients with infection as cause of death, the smallest changes occurred in subjects with cerebrovascular events. Conclusions: In their final 3 months of life, HD patients experience a marked decrease in body weight and serum albumin levels. A better understanding of dynamic patterns of key variables before death may be useful in developing processes which alert medical caregivers to patients at increased risk, in order to institute timely diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.