Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF CELLULOLYTIC FUNGI FROM DEGRADING LEAF LITTER OF SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L

Cellulases are the group of hydrolytic enzyme capable to hydrolyzing the most abundant lignocellulosic biomass to smaller sugar components. The present study has been carried out to isolate and screening of cellulolytic fungi from degrading leaf litter of Saccharum officinarum L. collected from Sonagir area of Datia district M.P. For this study total 47 fungal species have been isolated and identified. Identified genera have been classified according to their classes. Two genera belongs to class zygomycetes e.g. Mucor and Rhizopus, nine genera i.e. Ceratocystis, Chaetomium, Cochliobolus, Corynascus, Emericella, Emericellopsis, Eurotium, Neosartorya and Sordaria are belongs to class ascomycetes, two genera i.e. Rhodotorula and Trichosporon belongs to class basidiomycetes and remaining thirteen genera e.g. Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Candida, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Curvularia, Fusarium, Myrothecium, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Phoma and Trichoderma are members of class deuteromycetes. Out of which 28 species showed cellulolytic activity.
Supplementary Material: NODIS: Neural Ordinary Differential Scene Understanding

Object Detection For each proposal box, a 200-dimensional semantic embedding vector is obtained by multiplying the 151-d object distribution and the (151·200) embedding matrix. The 4-d annotation of the box position is forwarded into a batch normalization layer and a linear layer with ReLU activation to obtain the 128-dimensional position embedding vector. These two vectors are concatenated with the feature vector resulting from compressing the 512 · 7 · 7 feature maps to size 4096. The concatenated vectors of the proposal boxes are compressed by a linear layer to size 1024, then organized as sequence with random order and forwarded into the O-ODE which uses a single layer bidirectional LSTM as the approximate function in the ODE solver. The output dimension of the O-ODE is the same as the input dimension. Object classification scores are computed by a fully-connected layer.
LISP Mapping System under attack

The Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) is an encapsulation protocol currently in development. It is based on the potential need to reorganize the routing architecture of the Internet in order to meet the still increasing size of this worldwide network. The key principle of this protocol is to split the current IP address space into an identifier address space and a locator one. In this paradigm, the identifier address serves the purpose of identifying a connection endpoint and is only routable in a stub network, a LISP site. The locator address, in turn, is used to locate this site in the core network. This address is thus globally routable. For nodes from different LISP sites to communicate between each other, a data tunnel has to be put in place between both sites. Because of this separation principle, LISP needs a mechanism allowing it to translate an address from the identifier space to the locator space: the mapping system. Thanks to this, a LISP site is able to query a mapping, binding both address spaces, by the use of LISP control messages. LISP-DDT is a notable example of mapping system which draws inspiration, regarding its architecture, from the Domain Name System. Both LISP and LISP-DDT current implementations may be prone to potential security vulnerabilities. In this regard, this work aims at getting a clear understanding of the security aspects of the studied protocols. This approach is done in order to find potential vulnerabilities in these protocols – while not claiming to be exhaustive – and take advantage of them in order to develop an attack. That way, a denial-ofservice attack by amplification has been found out. This attack exploits the mapping lookup process between a LISP site and the mapping system. In particular, it relies on the fact that the mapping system is able to generate responses that are significantly larger than the queries causing them. This principle can hence be used to produce a lot of network traffic towards a predetermined victim node in order to consume its bandwidth. As a proof-of-concept for the attack, a GNS3 emulated network topology has been set up and configured. This network therefore simulates an up and running LISPDDT mapping system – mimicking the one of the LISP Beta Network, a worldwide deployment of LISP on Internet – in order to use it as an amplification vector for the attack. Results of the attack on this enclosed environment are analysed in this work. It proves the feasibility of the attack in the current implementations of LISP and LISP-DDT. Finally, a brief discussion about possible mitigation techniques for the attack is provided. Among these mitigation techniques, one can cite the limitation of the reply size, the rate limitation or even anti-spoofing techniques. Either way, we hope to draw the LISP IETF Working Group’s attention to the necessity of addressing this issue.
Endodontically Treated Teeth in FPD

Introduction: A fixed partial denture [FPD] aims at replacing a missing tooth with the help of adjacent teeth and can be long span, short span, or cantilever. For a very long period of time, FPDs were considered as the only and the most successful option for the replacement of missing teeth. Compromised or missing teeth can be restored to their full function, masticatory abilities, and esthetics while taking into consideration the dental arch health and integrity with the help of good endodontic treatment and prosthesis. Endodontically treated teeth [ETT] can be used as an abutment for a fixed partial denture, and in that case, the restoration of ETT becomes even more difficult, as it has to be used for long-span dentures, which tend to put more pressure on the tooth than when compared to a single crown. A tooth that is used as abutments has to withstand the forces applied on the missing teeth, which are transmitted towards them with the help of connectors and also the ones directed towards the abutment teeth itself. Aim of Work: This review aims at highlighting the use of Endodontically treated teeth as an abutment for Fixed Partial Denture and ways to reinforce the same for increased efficiency. Methodology: The review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED and Google Scholar from the year 1985 to 2019. Conclusion: Endodontically treated teeth, when used as abutments in fixed partial dentures, have to bear more load as compared to those with single crowns. When a fixed partial denture is planned for a patient, the quality of endodontic treatment done should not be ignored, the amount of bone support, quality of root canal treatment done, crown root ratio of the abutment teeth, tilt of the tooth, all these should be taken into account. Post endodontic restoration of teeth should always be done, taking into account the amount of tooth structure remaining, the kind of function the tooth has to perform after restoration. Fiber-reinforced composite posts tend to increase the strength of ETT and can be used in case the tooth has to be used as an abutment in FPDs.
Supplementary Material for Open-set Adversarial Defense

This supplementary material provides additional results and analysis of the method proposed in the main paper. In Section 1, we provide more visualization results regarding the feature maps of the Resent-18 and the encoder of the proposed network. In Section 2, we provide more details about the dataset splits used in our experiments. Details regarding the network structure are provided in Section 3.
High intensity focused ultrasound inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis via miR-222-3p/p27Kip1 axis

Background: High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a novel therapeutic way to treat solid tumors without damaging the surrounding tissues. However, the mechanism that underlies the effect of HIFU on breast cancer progression is largely unclear. Methods: Cell proliferation was measured after treatment of HIFU by MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry or western blot, respectively. Cell apoptosis was analyzed after treatment of HIFU by flow cytometry, Caspase 3 activity analysis and western blot assay of apoptosis-related protein. The level of miR-222-3p was examined in breast cancer cells. The association between p27Kip1 and miR-222-3p was explored via luciferase activity. Murine xenograft experiment was performed to investigate the function of HIFU on breast cancer growth. Results: The treatment of HIFU inhibited proliferation and triggered apoptosis of breast cancer cells. After treatment of HIFU, miR-222-3p was declined and p27Kip1 protein was up-regulated. P27Kip1 was validated to be targeted via miR-222-3p. Up-regulation of miR-222-3p restored proliferation and restrained apoptosis in HIFU-treated breast cancer cells, which was reversed by introduction of p27Kip1. In addition, treatment of HIFU suppressed tumor growth by inhibiting miR-222-3p and increasing p27Kip1. Conclusion: Treatment of HIFU inhibited proliferation and contributed to apoptosis by regulating miR-222-3p and p27Kip1 in breast cancer, indicating novel theoretical foundation for application of HIFU in the treatment of breast cancer.
Ethically Compliant Sequential Decision Making

Enabling autonomous systems to comply with an ethical theory is critical given their accelerating deployment in domains that impact society. While many ethical theories have been studied extensively in moral philosophy, they are still challenging to implement by developers who build autonomous systems. This paper proposes a novel approach for building ethically compliant autonomous systems that optimize completing a task while following an ethical framework. First, we introduce a definition of an ethically compliant autonomous system and its properties. Next, we offer a range of ethical frameworks for divine command theory, prima facie duties, and virtue ethics. Finally, we demonstrate the accuracy and usability of our approach in a set of autonomous driving simulations and a user study of planning and robotics experts.
To What Extent Is the Low Interest Rate Environment Driving Labour Productivity Divergence between Euro Area Countries?

This paper studies the labour productivity divergence in the Euro Area by scrutinizing the link between the low interest rate environment, the widening productivity gap between periphery and core countries and the lower growth of the Monetary Union. It makes use of firm-level data to apply a mechanism rooted in the dynamic competition literature and to assess to what extent an unequal distribution of frontier and non-frontier firms across the Eurozone might be the reason why Southern countries are still lagging behind. The evidence presented suggests that low long-term interest rates might be enlarging their distance to the Euro frontier. JEL Classification: E43, F15, J24, O52
Supplementary of “PackDet: Packed Long-Head Object Detector”

This supplementary material provides more experimental results regarding to the proposed method, which includes: 1) experiments to benchmark PackOp under mainstream deep learning frameworks with diﬀerent software versions; 2) experiments to evaluate the eﬀectiveness of PackOp integrated into PackDet with diﬀerent input sizes and feature channels; 3) comparison of the memory cost of PackDet and FCOS; 4) results of PackOp integrated with RetinaNet, an anchor-based method; 5) some visualization results. Codes will be released. 4
Enzymatic Modification of Protein Functionality: Implantation of Potent Amphiphilicity to Succinylated Proteins by Covalent Attachment of Leucine Alkyl Esters

This work is a new attempt to modify the functionality of food proteins by the use of a potential activity of papain. Fish protein concentrate, soy protein isolate, casein, ovalbumin and gelatin were succinylated prior to using them as substrates. Each of the L-leucine n-alkyl esters with different alkyl-chain lengths was covalently incorporated into each substrate by applying the unusual papain-catalyzed reaction [Agric. Biol. Chem., 43, 1065 (1979)]. The resulting products posessed high whippability and/or emulsifying activity. The highest whippability was observed when leucine butyl ester or hexyl ester was incorporated, while the incorporation of higher alkyl esters generally caused an increase in emulsifying activity.
ImmunosurveillanceCerebrospinal Fluid Induces Brain Th1 Polarization of T Cells Injected into the

Although CD4 T cells reside within the cerebrospinal ﬂuid, it is yet unclear whether and how they enter the brain parenchyma and migrate to target speciﬁc Ags. We examined the ability of Th1, Th2, and Th17 CD4 T cells injected intracerebroventricularly to migrate from the lateral ventricles into the brain parenchyma in mice. We show that primarily Th1 cells cross the ependymal layer of the ventricle and migrate within the brain parenchyma by stimulating an IFN- g –dependent dialogue with neural cells, which maintains the effector function of the T cells. When injected into a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid- b (A b )–speciﬁc Th1 cells target A b plaques, increase A b uptake, and promote neurogenesis with no evidence of pathogenic autoimmunity or neuronal loss. Overall, we provide a mechanistic insight to the migration of cerebrospinal ﬂuid CD4 T cells into the brain parenchyma and highlight implications on brain immunity and repair. The Journal of Immunology , 2014, 192: 000–000. pproximately 1000–3000 leukocytes per milliliter reside within the human cerebrospinal ﬂuid (CSF) and circulate in the subarachnoid space and ventricular system of the brain and spinal cord. These leukocytes, which are primarily CD4 + CD45RA 2 CD27 + CD69 + activated central memory T (T CM ) cells (1, 2), migrate from the periphery into the CSF by one of two known mechanisms: 1) crossing the fenestrated endothelium to the choroid plexus stroma and then crossing the choroid plexus epithelium (which is tightly regulated by the blood-CSF barrier) into the CSF; or 2) crossing meningeal vessels before
CRNDE and Myc affect metastasis of melanoma via modulating cell migration

Melanoma is one of the deadliest cancer developing from the pigment-containing cells. It strikes tens of thousands of people every year, being one of the fastest rising cancers around the world. Metastasis is the most deadly stage in the development of melanoma. We conducted a series of bioinformatics analysis to the transformation potential of primary cervical cancer melanoma and metastatic malignant melanoma cells in a xenograft model. The analysis consisted of differential analysis, co-expression analysis, enrichment analysis, and ncRNA prediction and TF prediction. The differential analysis highlighted 5395 differential genes. Using WGCNA to further analyze these differential genes, we obtained eight potentially relevant dysfunction modules. Thereafter, GO function and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated many signal pathways closely related to tumor growth and metastasis including nuclear division, focal adhesion, epithelial cell proliferation, and epithelium migration. Finally, the analysis of transcripts and ncRNAs of the dysfunction module showed transcription factors such as Myc and its family members MYCN and CRNDE, and ncRNAs such as FENDRR may be involved in the regulation of multiple module genes. Moreover, it also revealed that CRNDE can regulate the expression level of Myc, and ultimately regulate the proliferation and migration of cancer cells. In conclusion, we believe that CRNDE may affect melanoma metastasis by regulating cancer cell migration, and CRNDE may be a potential therapeutic target for melanoma cells.
APPLICATION OF DATE-PALM WASTE COMPOST FORTIFIED WITH ENDOPHYTIC ELICITORS FOR MANAGEMENT OF POTATO FUNGAL DISEASES

Potatofungal diseases cause significant severe reduction in growth and tubers yield quality. The main object of this study was management of major potato soil borne diseases as black scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) and foliar diseases aslate blight (Phytophthora infestans) and Early blight (Alternaria solani) using Date-Palm Waste Compost fortified with endophytic elicitors as Streptomyces griseus and Chaetomium globosium (1/1). Endophytic elicitors have been found to produce different metabolites and their relationships with their host plants. Two field experiments were conducted at Kalubia Governorate, Egypt, during the two winter growing seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 to investigate the effect of date-palm compost waste (3 months composted and size 0.5 cm-1) fortified with endophyticelicitors both S. griseus and C. globosium at rates (5 m3 fed.-1, (feddan = 1.038 acres) on control of fungal diseases of potato plants in compared with commercial composts, chemical fungicides and untreated control. Compared with untreated soil, the palm compost application had a positive impact on all diseases reduction, compared to the control treatment. Compost fortified with S. griseus and C. globosium significantly reduced all diseases more than used alone of them or individual in both seasons as well as with higher growth and stability. At the same time, palm compost supply significantly increased potato growth and production, during both second seasons. Bio-composting was more effective against fungal diseases, -1, 3-glucanase activity and chitinease activities of potato plants, polysaccharide-degrading enzyme activities of soil and bio-elicitors as well. Bio compost were the most efficient and might be a promising alternative fungicides for controlling fungal diseases on economic crops. Elicitors of S. griseus and C. globosium were a highly beneficial endophytic microorganisms for plant protection and growth. The compound is economic and suitable for the environment and waste management.
Comparative analysis of total phenolic content and antimicrobial activity of some plants of Garo hills, Meghalaya

Eethanolic and aqueous extracts of some plants commonly found in Garo hills of Meghalaya and known for their medicinal value were analysed for total phenolic content and antimicrobial activity. Total content of phenols was quantitatively estimated from extracts of lemon grass, tamarind, Ber, starfruit and Beetle nut. Antimicrobial activity and yield of these plant extracts was also determined. Further, ethanolic extracts have revealed better total phenolic content and antimicrobial activity against test pathogens in comparison to aqueous extracts. Among the plant extracts investigated Beetle nut exhibited highest content of phenols and also best antimicrobial properties. The results show that use of the natural antimicrobial inherent properties occurring in plants extracts is a viable option for the textile finishing industry for functional textile applications. The plant extracts showed high antimicrobial activity which indicates that these extracts may be useful natural remedies for antimicrobial textile finishes for treatment of various types of skin/wound infections and medical textile applications.
The dynamics of spawning acts by a semelparous fish and its associated energetic expenses

1 The dynamics of spawning acts by a 1 semelparous fish and its associated 2 energetic expenses 3 4 Cédric TENTELIER, Colin BOUCHARD, Anaïs BERNARDIN, Amandine TAUZIN, Jean-Christophe 5 AYMES, Jacques RIVES 6 7 ECOBIOP, INRA, Univ. Pau & Pays Adour, 64 310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France 8 9 Corresponding author: Cédric TENTELIER, 10 Univ. Pau & Pays Adour 11 Collège STEE – Campus de la côte basque 12 1 allée du parc Montaury 13 64 600 Anglet, France. 14 cedric.tentelier@univ-pau.fr 15 16
Isolation of Probiotic Lactobacilli Bacteria from Traditional Naein Dairy Product (Koome)

Background and Aim: Koome as one of the traditional fermented dairy products of ovine milk has long been produced in rural areas around Naein, Iran in sheepskin bags. The present study aimed to isolate Lactobacillus bacteria from the traditional dairy products of Naein and to evaluate the functional characteristics and health of these bacteria as probiotics. Materials and Methods: For the initial isolation of bacteria, de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) agar was used. A total of 15 bacilliform, gram-positive, and catalase-negative colonies were isolated from the culture, and resistance to acid, bile, gastric juice, and intestinal juice was assessed to investigate probiotic characteristics. Bacterial isolates with favorable probiotic characteristics were tested for antimicrobial activity and antibiotic resistance to assess the effect of probiotics on health. Afterwards, seven bacterial isolates were selected and their ability for reducing cholesterol and hydrolyzing bile salts was evaluated. Moreover, the selected isolates were sequenced to identify the strain. Results: Our findings demonstrated that six of 15 bacterial isolates had a suitable resistance in pH=2.5. In addition, 60% of the isolates were sensitive to bile salts. The identified Lactobacillus isolates had a high antibiotic resistance and were shown to have a favorable antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, the selected bacterial isolate could reduce 70% of environmental cholesterol. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, koome is highly potential for isolating probiotic isolates and the nutritional consumption of Lactobacillus isolates s microbial supplement might have positive effects on health.
Pigeonpea Yield and Water Use Efficiency: A Savior under Climate Change-Induced Water Stress

Frequent droughts have threatened the crop yields and livelihoods of many smallholder farmers in South Africa. Pigeonpea can be grown by farmers to mitigate the impacts of droughts caused by climate change. An experiment was conducted at Fountainhill Farm from January 2016 to December 2017. The trial examined grain yield in addition to water use efficiency (WUE) of pigeonpea intercropped with maize versus sole pigeonpea and maize. A randomized complete block design, replicated three times, was used. Soil water tension was measured at 20, 50, and 120 cm within plots. The highest and lowest soil water tension was recorded at 20 m and 120 m respectively. Combined biomass and grain yield were significantly different: pigeonpea + maize (5513 kg ha−1) > pigeonpea (3368 kg ha−1) > maize (2425 kg ha−1). A similar trend was observed for WUE and land equivalent ratio (LER), where pigeonpea + maize outperformed all sole cropping systems. The inclusion of pigeonpea in a traditional mono-cropping system is recommended for smallholder farmers due to greater WUE, LER and other associated benefits such as food, feed and soil fertility amelioration, and it can reduce the effects of droughts induced by climate change.
Mobile Radio Beacons in Coastal Reserved Navigation System for Ships

At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) dominated navigation in air, sea, and land. Then, medium-range and long-range terrestrial navigation systems (TNSs) ceased to be developed. However, with the development of GNSS jamming and spoofing techniques, the TNSs are being re-developed, such as the Enhanced Loran. The Polish Ministry of Defense plans to develop and implement a medium-range backup navigation system for the Polish Navy which will operate in the Baltic coastal zone. This plan is a part of the global trend. This paper presents the concept of a reserve TNS (RNS) that is based on the signal Doppler frequency (SDF) location method. In 2016, the concept of the RNS, which is based on stationary radio beacons located on coastal lighthouses, has been presented. From the military viewpoint, the use of the mobile radio beacons, which may change their location, is more justified. Therefore, the paper presents an idea of using the mobile beacons for this purpose. In this paper, effectiveness of the mobile RNS is shown based on simulation studies. http://www.transnav. eu the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Volume 14