Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
11-year workload and barrier analysis for a high-energy linear accelerator

The formalism used for barriers calculations is based on a conservative estimation of workload, use factor, and occupancy factor. IMRT techniques (Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy) and VMAT (Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy) are known for being superior to conventional techniques, but costly from the shielding standpoint, as they increase the number of monitor units used to deliver the same dose to the patient, increasing the leakage radiation produced and, consequently, the thickness of the secondary barriers. At InRad (Radiology Institute of HC-FMUSP) a 2100CD LINAC already installed was upgraded to perform IMRT/VMAT techniques, and the existing barrier was reassessed. The present study proposes a methodology for acquiring real workload data from the institution's management software (MOSAIQ®) to replace the initially estimated data and recalculate the thickness of the barriers, assessing the impact of the introduction of these techniques and understanding the profile of the treatments carried out at the institution over the years of 2010 to 2020. Through this methodology, a decrease in the workload of 15 MV was observed as the technique of modulated intensity with 6 MV was introduced, reducing the thicknesses calculated for primary barriers. However, no significant changes were observed in the thicknesses calculated for the secondary barriers, because despite the increase in the leakage workload of 6 MV, the total workload of 15 MV decreased. There was also a trend towards an increase in the number of patients treated with modulated intensity year after year, which went from 5% in 2016
A classiﬁcation technique of civil objects by artiﬁcial neural networks using estimation of entropy on synthetic aperture radar images

The article discusses the method for the classiﬁcation of non-moving civil objects for information received from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) by synthetic aperture radar (SAR). A theoretical approach to analysis of civil objects can be estimated by cross-entropy using a naive Bayesian classiﬁer. The entropy of target spots on SAR images revaluates depending on the altitude and aspect angle of a UAV. The paper shows that classiﬁcation of the target for three classes able to predict with fair accuracy P = 0 , 964 based on an artiﬁcial neural network. The study of results reveals an advantage compared with other radar recognition methods for a criterion of the constant false-alarm rate ( P CFAR < 0 . 01). The reliability was conﬁrmed by checking the initial data using principal component analysis.
ECG Signal Classification Review

The heart is an important part of the human body, functioning to pump blood through the circulatory system. Heartbeats generate a signal called an ECG signal. ECG signals or electrocardiogram signals are basic raw signals to identify and classify heart function based on heart rate. Its main task is to analyze each signal in the heart, whether normal or abnormal. This paper discusses some of the classification methods which most frequently used to classify ECG signals. These methods include pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification methods such as MLP, K-NN, SVM, CNN, and RNN. There were two stages of ECG classification, the feature extraction stage and the classification stage. Before ECG features were extracted, raw ECG signal data first processed in the pre-processing stage because ECG signals were not necessarily free of noise. Noise will cause a decrease in accuracy during the classification process. After features were extracted, ECG signals were then classified with the classification method. Neural Network methods such as CNN and RNN are best to use since they can give better accuracy. For further research, the machine learning method needs to be improved to get high accuracy and high precision in the ECG signals classification. Keyword—Electrocardiogram, Neural Network, Deep Learning, Classification Algorithm, Signal Processing.
REGION ADAPTIVE ADJUSTMENT STRATEGY BASED ON INFORMATION ENTROPY FOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGE SEGMENTATION

For the difficulty of boundary-fitting in region-based algorithms, a region adaptive adjustment strategy based on information entropy is proposed for remote sensing image segmentation. Considering the characteristics of imperfect blocks that cover two homogeneous regions, a selection factor constructed by the spectral coefficient of variation and the information entropy of prior probability representing neighborhood constraint is designed to find the imperfect blocks. Then, the selected imperfect block is split into four equal parts, and new blocks enjoy the same membership as the original block. The model parameters are updated based on the current tessellation. If the fuzzy clustering objective function decrease, the split operation is certainly accepted, otherwise, it will be accepted with a certain probability to avoid local optimum. Finally, the experiments on simulated and multi-spectral remote sensing images show that the proposed strategy can accurately locate the imperfect blocks and effectively fit the boundary of homogeneous regions. * Corresponding author
Glutathione supplementation in semen extender improves rabbit sperm attributes during refrigeration

In the present study, we evaluated the sustaining effect of various glutathione (GSH) concentrations in extender on rabbit sperm attributes during storage at 5°C for 24 h. Semen was collected from regular donor rabbit bucks using an artificial vagina and initially evaluated for sperm quality. The qualifying ejaculates were diluted with one of the extenders having 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8 mM GSH, to achieve a final concentration of 1×108 sperm/mL. The extended samples were stored at 5°C for 24 h. Sperm motility, motion kinetics, acrosome integrity and viability were assessed after 3, 6, 12 and 24 h of storage. The results showed that total sperm motility and sperm motion kinetics (oscillation index of the sperm, straightness index and beat cross frequency) were influenced (P<0.05) by glutathione dose and refrigeration time. An interaction of (P<0.05) GSH concentrations and refrigeration time was observed for sperm viability and acrosome reaction rate. In conclusion, the 4 mM GSH supplemented extender’s protective influence was remarkable to maintain rabbit sperm quality for 24 h 5°C.
Potential Pond Farming in the Context of Tourism

The article deals with the issue of a specific area of Czech cultural heritage, national and cultural identity, the phenomenon of fishing culture, and its use in the traditions and development of localities and regions in connection with tourism. The article aimed to analyze the motivating factors for visiting fishing events, attitudes towards the fish product, and the links between these factors. Cultural and historical aspects were examined mainly from the point of view of gender stereotypes and age structure, emphasizing the regional specifics of North Moravia and Silesia. 374 respondents were contacted through a questionnaire survey. The basis of the research was based on a methodological approach, quantitative research, and identification of the significance of motivational factors. The relationships between motivational factors were verified by factor analysis, comparison, and visualization performed by correspondence analysis, STATISTICA software. Research has shown that different age groups associate the term "fish" with traditional milestones, especially Christian holidays, and attributes such as Christmas fish, scales, and fish soup. In connection with tourism and cultural traditions, respondents combine fish in order to buy and taste fish dishes and the overall atmosphere. The result also showed that these products are expensive for respondents; if they were more affordable and physically available, consumers would undoubtedly increase their consumption. Research has considerable added value, which stems from the point of view of analysis in the context of cultural heritage and custom. The development of gastronomic tourism associated with fish products realized by various social events is influenced by the approach of consumers to the product and cultural customs. The sectoral synthesis in the region overlaps economically, socially, and environmentally; suppresses social and economic disparities and develops a national identity. Diversification of fishing activities is necessary to avoid risk effects.
Mercury Resistance and Mercuric Reductase Activities and Expression among Chemotrophic Thermophilic <named-content content-type='genus-species'>Aquificae</named-content>

Mercury (Hg) resistance (mer) by the reduction of mercuric to elemental Hg is broadly distributed among the Bacteria and Archaea and plays an important role in Hg detoxification and biogeochemical cycling. MerA is the protein subunit of the homodimeric mercuric reductase (MR) enzyme, the central function of the mer system. MerA sequences in the phylum Aquificae form the deepest-branching lineage in Bayesian phylogenetic reconstructions of all known MerA homologs. We therefore hypothesized that the merA homologs in two thermophilic Aquificae, Hydrogenobaculum sp. strain Y04AAS1 (AAS1) and Hydrogenivirga sp. strain 128-5-R1-1 (R1-1), specified Hg resistance. Results supported this hypothesis, because strains AAS1 and R1-1 (i) were resistant to >10 M Hg(II), (ii) transformed Hg(II) to Hg(0) during cellular growth, and (iii) possessed Hg-dependent NAD(P)H oxidation activities in crude cell extracts that were optimal at temperatures corresponding with the strains’ optimal growth temperatures, 55°C for AAS1 and 70°C for R1-1. While these characteristics all conformed with the mer system paradigm, expression of the Aquificae mer operons was not induced by exposure to Hg(II) as indicated by unity ratios of merA transcripts, normalized to gyrA transcripts for hydrogen-grown AAS1 cultures, and by similar MR specific activities in thiosulfategrown cultures with and without Hg(II). The Hg(II)-independent expression of mer in the deepest-branching lineage of MerA from bacteria whose natural habitats are Hg-rich geothermal environments suggests that regulated expression of mer was a later innovation likely in environments where microorganisms were intermittently exposed to toxic concentrations of Hg.
PURCHASING STRATEGIES IN THE KRALJIC PORTFOLIO MATRIX – A CASE STUDY IN OPEN PIT COAL MINING

Kraljic matrix (or Kraljic model) is a method used to segment the purchases or suppliers of a company by dividing them into four quadrants, based on the complexity (or risk) of the supply market (such as monopoly situations, barriers to entry, technological innovation) and the importance of the purchases or suppliers (determined by the impact that they have on the profitability of the company). This quandrant allows the company to define the optimal purchasing strategies for each of the four types of purchases or suppliers. In coal mining company, hundred thousand goods, part number or SKUs are purchased by corporate in fulfilling its mining operations requirement. However, the commodities generally purchased by open pit coal mining company are classified into 6 (six) classes which are fuel, maintenance of mobile equipment, blasting material, tyre, lubricants, and others. With the complexity of dealing with suppliers, it is mandatory for developing purchasing strategies as part of managing of supply chain. Mining operations and profitability of coal mining company shall depend on the total cost of ownership in purchasing the abovementioned commodities. This Kraljic Portfolio Model (1983) will assist coal mining company in applying purchasing strategies based on the class or quadrant which has been developed. Objective of this research is to develop purchasing strategies by empirically quantifying using data from a comprehensive survey among purchasing professionals in coal mining industry. Kraljic Portfolio Matrix is developed with 2 (two) stages of questioner. First questioner is to assess the importance level of each attribute in the dimension of purchasing activity by using Analytical Hierarchy Process. Second questioner is to assess every commodity’s scoring against each supply attribute. Subsequently, the matrix is developed by using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) software. This research successfully classifies purchasing commodity in the appropriate quadrant of Kraljic Portfolio Matrix. By classifying the commodities purchased by coal mining company in the right quadrant of Kraljic Portfolio Matrix, the company will be able to implement the right purchasing strategies which will be different in one quadrant and another.
Breaking the Wall of Poverty: Microfinance as Social and Economic Safety Net for Financially Excluded People in Nepal

Microfinance is a financial service aimed at economically underprivileged people who have no or limited access to formal financial institutions such as banks due to the lack of financial resources, collateral, or low income. Microfinance institutions provide a collateral-free loan to low-income individuals with the principle of financial inclusion, which allows them to invest in various self-employment activities. In this article, we critically review the development of microfinance and its issues and challenges in Nepal. More specifically, using the concept of the Grameen Bank model and its relevance in the context of Nepali microfinance institutions, we explore how microfinance can be an effective tool of financial intervention to alleviate rural poverty in Nepal. Methodologically, we utilize secondary data sources such as government and non-government reports and existing empirical studies. We offer recommendations for policymakers to establish appropriate modalities, programs, and microfinance services targeting the socio-economic transformation of rural communities in Nepal. We conclude that the government and financial institutions can stimulate microfinance institutions through multidimensional interventions and facilitation to advance the socio-economic status of financially underprivileged people in rural communities in Nepal.
Estimating aquatic invertebrate diversity in the southern Alps using data from Biodiversity Days

High biodiversity is a prerequisite for the integrity, stability, and functioning of global aquatic ecosystems, but it is currently subject to anthropogenic threats. Small freshwater bodies with high habitat diversity are essential to sustain regional biodiversity, but species inventory and biodiversity are largely overlooked, especially in mountainous regions. In the Italian Alps, obligate assessments of freshwater biota (e.g., for the European water framework directive, WFD) are usually done in larger rivers or lakes only, which is why many taxa from small freshwater habitats might have been overlooked so far. Here we summarize and discuss the efforts to record aquatic invertebrates within the framework of so-called “Biodiversity Days”, organized since 2001 at 13 different sites located across the North Italian province of South Tyrol. These events with voluntary participation of scientists and naturalists from universities and environmental agencies led to the detection of 334 benthic invertebrate taxa in streams and lakes (mostly at species or genus level), whereby higher taxa richness was found in streams. The overall hierarchy of species numbers within invertebrate orders or families corresponded to that of other Alpine regions (groups richest in taxa were Chironomidae and Trichoptera) and these Biodiversity Days contributed to biodiversity research of that region in detecting 167 additional taxa. Besides analyzing yearly gains in the regional taxa inventory, we predict that future surveys will lead to new discoveries of aquatic taxa for that province (i.e., current modeling estimates a regional inventory of more than 600 taxa). However, specific surveys in hitherto unconsidered habitats, such as morphologically modified or urban waters, might reveal even more taxa than currently estimated. Besides characterizing the invertebrate fauna of this region and providing a first reference list for future monitoring projects in the same region, this work demonstrates that such Biodiversity Days can contribute to biodiversity research. Corresponding author: Georg.Niedrist@uibk.ac. at ORCID: 0000-0002-2852-4661
Factors Affecting the Decision of Selecting Banking to Save Money of Individual Customers – Experimental in Da Nang City

Article history: Received: 08 March, 2021 Accepted: 09 May, 2021 Online: 27 June, 2021 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting the decisions of factors affecting the decision of individual customers to choose a savings bank at commercial banks in Da Nang city. Through the use of appropriate research methods, the authors have found that there are 5 factors with 5 groups of factors that greatly affect the decision of individual customers to choose a savings bank. Service quality, safety, stakeholder influence, financial benefit, convenience. Through this result, it will help opinions, orientations and solutions to improve individual customers' decisions on choosing a savings bank at joint stock commercial banks in Da Nang city.
Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach.) Taub. Fruit Extract Improves Cognitive Behaviour and Some Brain Areas of Pentylenetetrazol-Kindling Rats

Epilepsy is a neuronal disorder that arises from imbalances of some neurotransmitters and manifests as recurrent seizure and cognitive impairment. Most antiepileptic drugs are either expensive, not effective or are associated with adverse effects warranting efficacious alternatives. This study, therefore, investigated the activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach.) Taub fruit extract (TTE) on the behaviour and some brain areas of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindling rats. Thirty-five male Wistar rats (150-200 g) were assigned into five groups (1-5, n=7): Control (distilled water); TTE (500 mg/kg); PTZ (40 mg/kg); PTZ (40 mg/kg) pre-treated with either sodium valproate (SV, 200 mg/kg) or TTE (500 mg/kg). All treatments were oral, except for the PTZ (intraperitoneally), and carried out 48 hourly, until kindling was also fully achieved (21 days). Subsequently, there was a beam walking behavioural test, deep anaesthesia and animals’ sacrifice, while whole brains were processed for histology. The results showed that seizure was induced with higher mortality in the PTZ group, and was suppressed with higher quantal protection in the PTZ groups pre-treated with either TTE or SV. There was no difference (p>0.05) in beam walk slips and latency. Simultaneously, the PTZ group showed some degenerative cellular changes in the hippocampus and temporal cortex, with significantly (p<0.05) higher cellular density, except in the cerebellum. These cellular changes were either minimal or not apparent in the PTZ groups pre-treated with either TTE or SV compared with the control group. In conclusion, TTE protected against PTZ induced seizures and brain histopathology of rats, with results similar to the standard anticonvulsant drug, SV.
Possibilities for De-carbonizing the Heating and Cooling Sector in the Island of Crete, Greece

Clean energy transition in islands is important and urgent in the current era of climate change. The possibility of de-carbonizing the heating and cooling sector in the island of Crete, Greece has been investigated. Fossil fuels are used in Crete in electricity generation, in heat and cooling production as well as in transportation. The use of various renewable and non-renewable fuels as well as the technologies used in heat and cooling generation has been examined together with the annual changes in fossil fuels consumption during the last years. Various renewable energies like solar energy, biomass and low enthalpy geothermal energy combined with renewable electricity could cover all the heating and cooling requirements in Crete totally eliminating the use of fossil fuels. Their technologies are mature, reliable, and cost efficient. Renewable and low cost electricity can be easily generated by the abundant solar and wind energy resources in Crete powering electric systems generating heat and cooling. Current work indicates that the heating and cooling sector in Crete can be de-carbonized. This would result in the mitigation of climate change complying with the European goal for carbon neutrality in Europe by 2050.
A DIGITAL PRESCRIPTION REFILL SYSTEM BASED ON HEALTHCARE STANDARD IN THAILAND

The digital trend is growing rapidly. The Thai government has released the digital economy policy since 2014. The policy does not specify about medical information technology. The most common health problem is Non-communicable disease (NCD). The challenge is the improvement of medical care service for NCD patients. The repeated medication is normal for NCD patients if their clinical symptoms are stable, which is concept of the prescription refill. We offer the new innovation of a digital prescription refill (DPR) to promote the convenient and efficient system. Patients are allowed to refill their medication at pharmacy stores instead of hospitals. Healthcare standard is used for interoperable communication between hospital and pharmacy store. HL7 is the high quality standard for exchanges the electronic health information, including prescription data. The results of the survey show most of stakeholders agree and satisfy with DPR system and expect the DPR system should be implemented.
Challenges and Opportunities for Educational Actors in light of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Paraguay

The measures implemented in response to COVID-19 have affected education systems around the world, generating significant disruptions. This study examines the main challenges and opportunities presented to the different educational actors in Paraguay considering the health emergency and the need to give continuity to the educational processes in the country from the last week of March until the first days of May 2020. A total of 2501 people participated, including teachers, students, parents of non-university students, and managers from educational institutions at all levels and from all over the country. It follows a mixed-quan-qual explanatory approach and data collection was conducted through online questionnaires. The study showed changes and strategies implemented by educational actors for the development of classes mediated by digital tools. The results reflect challenges related to access to technological resources, training in the use of ICT, and difficulties in carrying out school activities. Among the opportunities mentioned is the possibility of continuing with studies, learning about technology, and transforming the educational system. These show evidence of the need to improve access to technology to guarantee equal educational opportunities in the country.
Comparison of machine learning techniques for SoC and SoH evaluation from impedance data of an aged lithium ion battery

State of charge estimation and ageing evolution of lithium ion (Li-Ion) batteries are key points for their massive applications in the market. However, the battery behavior is very complex to understand because many parameters act in determining their ageing evolution. Therefore, traditional analytical models employed for this purpose are often affected by inaccuracy. In this context, machine learning techniques can provide a viable alternative to traditional models and a useful tool to characterize the batteries behavior. In this work, different machine learning techniques were applied to model the impedance evolution over time of an aged cobalt based Li-Ion battery, cycled under a stationary frequency regulation profile for grid application. The different ML techniques were compared in terms of accuracy to determine the state of charge and the state of health over the battery ageing phenomena. Experimental results showed that ML based on Random Forest algorithm can be profitably used for this purpose.