Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FOXO3 Expression in Macrophages Is Lowered by a High-Fat Diet and Regulates Colonic Inflammation and Tumorigenesis

Obesity, characterized by augmented inflammation and tumorigenesis, is linked to genetic predispositions, such as FOXO3 polymorphisms. As obesity is associated with aberrant macrophages infiltrating different tissues, including the colon, we aimed to identify FOXO3-dependent transcriptomic changes in macrophages that drive obesity-mediated colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis. We found that in mouse colon, high-fat-diet-(HFD)-related obesity led to diminished FOXO3 levels and increased macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis of mouse peritoneal FOXO3-deficient macrophages showed significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs; FDR < 0.05) similar to HFD obese colons. These DEG-related pathways, linked to mouse colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis, were similar to those in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and human colon cancer. Additionally, we identified a specific transcriptional signature for the macrophage-FOXO3 axis (MAC-FOXO382), which separated the transcriptome of affected tissue from control in both IBD (p = 5.2 × 10−8 and colon cancer (p = 1.9 × 10−11), revealing its significance in human colonic pathobiologies. Further, we identified (heatmap) and validated (qPCR) DEGs specific to FOXO3-deficient macrophages with established roles both in IBD and colon cancer (IL-1B, CXCR2, S100A8, S100A9, and TREM1) and those with unexamined roles in these colonic pathobiologies (STRA6, SERPINH1, LAMB1, NFE2L3, OLR1, DNAJC28 and VSIG10). These findings establish an important understanding of how HFD obesity and related metabolites promote colonic pathobiologies.
Effectiveness of Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Young People: Preliminary Findings from Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Various forms of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) have been developed to improve its scalability and accessibility for insomnia management in young people, but the efficacy of digitally-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-i) remains uncertain. This study systematically reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of dCBT-i among young individuals with insomnia. We conducted comprehensive searches using four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Embase; until October 2021) and examined eligible records. The search strategy comprised the following three main concepts: (1) participants were adolescents or active college students; (2) dCBT-I was employed; (3) standardized tools were used for outcome measurement. Four randomized controlled trials qualified for meta-analysis. A significant improvement in self-reported sleep quality with a medium-to-large effect size after treatment (Hedges’s g = −0.58~−0.80) was noted. However, a limited effect was detected regarding objective sleep quality improvement (total sleep time and sleep efficiency measured using actigraphy). These preliminary findings from the meta-analysis suggest that dCBT-i is a moderately effective treatment in managing insomnia in younger age groups, and CBT-i delivered through the web or a mobile application is an acceptable approach for promoting sleep health in young people.
[Discrimination of Chin Electromyography in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Using Deep Learning].

OBJECTIVE The confirmation of abnormal behavior during video monitoring in polysomnography (PSG) and the frequency of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RWA) during REM sleep based on physiological indicators are essential diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). However, no clear criteria have been established for the determination of the tonic and phasic activities of RWA. In this study, we investigated an RWA decision program that simulates visual inspection by clinical laboratory technicians. METHODS We used the measurement data of 25 men and women (average age±standard deviation: 72.7±1.7 years) who visited the Sleep Treatment Center for PSG inspection due to suspected RBD. The chin electromyography (EMG) during REM sleep was divided into 30 s intervals, and RWA decisions were made on the basis of visual inspection by a clinical laboratory technician. We compared and investigated two machine-learning methods namely support vector machine (SVM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) for RWA decisions. RESULTS When comparing SVM and CNN, the highest discrimination accuracy for RWA decisions was obtained when using the average rectified value (ARV) processed chin EMG images using CNN as a feature. We also estimated the prevalence of RBD on the basis of the Mahalanobis distance measure using the frequency of occurrence of both tonic and phasic activities calculated from a total of 25 subjects in the patient and healthy groups. Consequently, estimation of RBD prevalence using CNN resulted in misclassification of none of the subjects in the patient group and two subjects in the healthy group. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we investigated the automatic analysis of PSG results focusing on RBD, which is a parasomnia. As a result, there were no misclassifications of patients in the 25 subjects in the patient or healthy groups based on the estimates of RBD prevalence using CNN. The prevalence estimation based on our proposed automated algorithm is considered effective for the primary screening for RBD.
Halal Food Restaurant Classification Based on Restaurant Review in Indonesian Language Using Machine Learning

Purpose: Halal tourism or muslim friendly tourism has big potential for the tourism industry in Indonesia. According to Cresent Rating, the world’s leading authority on halal-friendly travel, one of the indicators for halal tourism is the availability of choices for halal foods. To support halal tourism, unfortunately, not all restaurants around the tourism object or in the city where the tourism object is located have labels or information that makes people know about halal food in the restaurant easily.Methods/Study design/approach: The data in this research was obtained from online media such as Google Maps, TripAdvisor, and Zoomato. The data consists of 870 data with the classification of halal food restaurants and 590 data with the reverse classification. Machine learning methods were chosen as classifiers. Some of them were Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, and K-Nearest Neighbor. Result/Findings: The result from this research shows that the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 95,9% for Support Vector Machine, 93,8% for Multinomial Naive Bayes, and 91% for K-Nearest Neighbor. In the future, our result will be to support the halal tourism environment in terms of technology. Novelty/Originality/Value: In this study, we utilize restaurant reviews done by visitors to get information about the classification of halal food restaurants.
Zn and Ag Doping on Hydroxyapatite: Influence on the Adhesion Strength of High-Molecular Polymer Polycaprolactone

In this study, density functional theory was employed to calculate the adsorption of polycaprolactone (PCL) by pure hydroxyapatite (HA), Zn-doped HA, and Ag-doped HA, and the interaction of PCL on the surface of HA (001) was simulated. The results show that there was significant electron transfer between the carbonyl O in PCL and the Zn, Ag, and Ca in HA, forming coordinate bonds. The binding energies of Ag-doped HA/PCL and Zn-doped HA/PCL were much higher than those of HA/PCL. HA doped with Ag had the highest binding energy to PCL. Therefore, we believe that when HA is doped with Ag atoms, its adsorption capacity for PCL can be increased. The results obtained in this study can be used as a guide for the development of HA/PCL bone graft composite material doped with appropriate metal ions to improve its adsorption capacity.
How to Interpret Gravitational Events in the Gravity Probe B Mission? (Gravitational Phonons and Gravitational Deformation Potential)

The Gravity Probe B Mission (GPB) collected valuable experimental data in the years 2004-2005. The geodetic drift in the orbit plane was interpreted as the curvature precession through the space-time curved by the Earth´s mass. The frame-dragging effect was interpreted using the Lense-Thirring-Schiff model based on the dragging of the orbit plane of a satellite around the rotating Earth. Both these effects were visible in the CORRECTED data. The gist of this contribution is to describe these gravitational events as the result of the joint effects of the gravitational deformation potential and the gravitational phonons in the gyroscope rotors. The gravitational phonon velocity is “hidden” in the formula discovered by Albert Einstein in his last Prague´s paper in 1912. Gravitational phonons and the gravitational deformation potential acting on the gyroscope rotors deform slightly the gyroscope rotor geometry and form both observed longitudinal and transverse precessions. This new interpretation of subtle gravitational precessions was tested on the RAW experimental data published by the GPB Team. The observed gravitational events occur in the classical 3D space in this scenario. We propose to re-analyze all GPB data according this classical model without additional corrections. The new Gravity Probe C + D missions might deliver more illustrative data comparing this model with the predictions of the general theory of relativity.
Sensitivity of soil hydrogen uptake to natural and managed moisture dynamics in a semiarid urban ecosystem

The North American Monsoon season (June–September) in the Sonoran Desert brings thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. These rains bring cooler temperature and account for roughly half of the annual precipitation making them important for biogeochemical processes. The intensity of the monsoon rains also increase flooding in urban areas and rely on green infrastructure (GI) stormwater management techniques such as water harvesting and urban rain gardens to capture runoff. The combination of increased water availability during the monsoon and water management provide a broad moisture regime for testing responses in microbial metabolism to natural and managed soil moisture pulses in drylands. Soil microbes rely on atmospheric hydrogen (H2) as an important energy source in arid and semiarid landscapes with low soil moisture and carbon availability. Unlike mesic ecosystems, transient water availability in arid and semiarid ecosystems has been identified as a key limiting driver of microbe-mediated H2 uptake. We measured soil H2 uptake in rain gardens exposed to three commonly used water harvesting practices during the monsoon season in Tucson AZ, USA. In situ static chamber measurements were used to calculate H2 uptake in each of the three water harvesting treatments passive (stormwater runoff), active (stored rooftop runoff), and greywater (used laundry water) compared to an unaltered control treatment to assess the effects of water management practices on soil microbial activity. In addition, soils were collected from each treatment and brought to the lab for an incubation experiment manipulating the soil moisture to three levels capturing the range observed from field samples. H2 fluxes from all treatments ranged between −0.72 nmol m−2 s−1 and −3.98 nmol m−2 s−1 over the monsoon season. Soil H2 uptake in the greywater treatment was on average 53% greater than the other treatments during pre-monsoon, suggesting that the increased frequency and availability of water in the greywater treatment resulted in higher H2 uptake during the dry season. H2 uptake was significantly correlated with soil moisture (r = −0.393, p = 0.001, df = 62) and temperature (r = 0.345, p = 0.005, df = 62). Our findings suggest that GI managed residential soils can maintain low levels of H2 uptake during dry periods, unlike unmanaged systems. The more continuous H2 uptake associated with GI may help reduce the impacts of drought on H2 cycling in semiarid urban ecosystems.
The genome sequence of the peppered moth, Biston betularia Linnaeus, 1758

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Biston betularia (the peppered moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 405 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (99.99%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the Z sex chromosome assembled.Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 12,251 protein coding genes.
Monitoring Respiratory Motion during VMAT Treatment Delivery Using Ultra-Wideband Radar

The goal of this paper is to evaluate the potential of a low-cost, ultra-wideband radar system for detecting and monitoring respiratory motion during radiation therapy treatment delivery. Radar signals from breathing motion patterns simulated using a respiratory motion phantom were captured during volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery. Gantry motion causes strong interference affecting the quality of the extracted respiration motion signal. We developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model for recovering the breathing motion patterns. Next, automated classification into four classes of breathing amplitudes is performed, including no breathing, breath hold, free breathing and deep inspiration. Breathing motion patterns extracted from the radar signal are in excellent agreement with the reference data recorded by the respiratory motion phantom. The classification accuracy of simulated deep inspiration breath hold breathing was 94% under the worst case interference from gantry motion and linac operation. Ultra-wideband radar systems can achieve accurate breathing rate estimation in real-time during dynamic radiation delivery. This technology serves as a viable alternative to motion detection and respiratory gating systems based on surface detection, and is well-suited to dynamic radiation treatment techniques. Novelties of this work include detection of the breathing signal using radar during strong interference from simultaneous gantry motion, and using ANN to perform adaptive signal processing to recover breathing signal from large interference signals in real time.
Indium phosphide MEMS cantilever waveguides for chemical sensing with integrated optical readout

Title of Thesis: INDIUM PHOSPHIDE MEMS CANTILEVER WAVEGUIDES FOR CHEMICAL SENSING WITH INTEGRATED OPTICAL READOUT Degree Candidate: Nathan Paul Siwak Degree and Year: Masters of Science, 2007 Thesis Directed By: Dr. Reza Ghodssi, Electrical and Computer Engineering This thesis presents the development towards an integrated, monolithic, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) cantilever waveguide resonator chemical sensor using the III-V semiconductor indium phosphide (InP). Waveguide cantilevers with resonant frequencies as high as 5.78 MHz, a quality factor of 340, and a sensitivity of 4.410 16 Hz/g are shown for the first time in this system. The first demonstration of vapor detection using the sensor platform is performed utilizing an organic semiconductor Pentacene absorbing layer. Vapors are measured from mass shifts of 6.56×10 -14 and 7.28×10 -14 g exhibiting a mass detection threshold of 5.09×10 -15 g. The design, fabrication, and testing of an integrated waveguide PIN photodetector with an In0.53Ga0. 47As absorbing layer is reported. Dark currents as low as 8.7 nA are measured for these devices. The first demonstration of a resonating cantilever waveguide measurement is also performed using the monolithically integrated waveguide photodiodes with uncertainty of less than ± 35 Hz. Finally, a future outlook is presented for this monolithic InP sensor system. INDIUM PHOSPHIDE MEMS CANTILEVER WAVEGUIDES FOR CHEMICAL SENSING WITH INTEGRATED OPTICAL READOUT
Addressing the issues and challenges in ensuring quality engineering graduates using the outcome based approach (OBA): the UTM experience

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), being the largest producer of engineering graduates in Malaysia, is firm in its effort to ensure the continuance of excellence to produce quality graduates. UTM engineering graduates are not only sought by local and multinational industries, but they are also successful in pursing post‐graduate studies locally or abroad. Currently UTM offers 28 undergraduate and 47 postgraduate engineering programmes, making it one of the top universities in Malaysia offering engineering programmes. As part of the commitment to excellence, UTM continues to enhance the graduates using the outcome-based approach (OBA). This paper describes the insight into the experiences of implementing the outcome-based approach in teaching and learning at UTM. The issues and challenges in ensuring quality engineering graduates will also be elaborated. Finally, this paper makes some recommendations on how the outcome-based approach can be carried out to ensure further improvement on the quality of the graduates.
The use of fast Fourier transform techniques in blasting analysis

The US Bureau of Mines has developed computer software which uses fast Fourier transform (FFT) techniques to evaluate blasting data. The software is useful because it allows blasters to evaluate (1) the frequency content of ground vibration time history data; (2) the effects of initiator scatter on the frequency spectra of ground vibrations; and (3) the fragmentation distribution of rock muckpiles from photographs. A one-dimensional version of the software was used in the first two cases. Monte Carlo techniques were used to simulate the scatter of initiators. The results are shown in computer generated three-dimensional color contour plots. To determine the fragment size distribution using photographic and digital image processing techniques a two-dimensional FFT routine was written. The FFT of the digitized muckpile images are filtered to remove lower spatial frequencies. The higher spatial frequencies, which are associated with rock particle edges, are subsequently enhanced. The inverse two-dimensional FFT was used to reconstruct the digital image. Photographic images taken of rock muckpiles resulting from full scale blasts at a limestone quarry were digitized and evaluated using the new FFT techniques. The fragment size distributions determined from the photographs agree with the distributions determined by partial screening.
Non-Invasive Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma—A Systematic Review

Simple Summary Laboratory and imaging tests as well as endoscopic procedures are standard diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of non-invasive urinary and blodd-based tests in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tract. Among 10,084 screened publications, 25 were eligible and included in the analysis. Most of them were conducted on small samples of patients and the control groups were heterogenous. The test used in the largest number of studies was voided urinary cytology, which has poor sensitivity with favorable specificity. Fluorescence in situ hybridization in diagnostic cytology showed higher sensitivity with equally good specificity. There were also studies on the use of tests known to diagnose bladder cancer such as NMP22, uCYT or BTA test. Other urine or blood tests have been the subject of only isolated studies, with varying results. To conclude, currently there is a lack of high-quality data that could confirm good effectiveness of non-invasive tests used in the diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. Abstract Beyond laboratory, imaging and endoscopic procedures, new diagnostic tools are increasingly being sought for the diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), especially those that are non-invasive. In this systematic review, we aimed to determine the effectiveness of non-invasive tests in the diagnosis of UTUC. PubMed and Embase electronic databases were searched to identify studies assessing effectiveness of non-invasive tests in the primary diagnosis of UTUC. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020216480). Among 10,084 screened publications, 25 were eligible and included in the analysis. Most of them were conducted on small samples of patients and the control groups were heterogenous. The test used in the largest number of studies was voided urinary cytology, which has poor sensitivity (11–71.1%) with favorable specificity (54–100%). Fluorescence in situ hybridization in diagnostic cytology showed higher sensitivity (35–85.7%) with equally good specificity (80–100%). There were also studies on the use of tests known to diagnose bladder cancer such as NMP22, uCYT or BTA test. Other urine or blood tests have been the subject of only isolated studies, with varying results. To conclude, currently there is a lack of high-quality data that could confirm good effectiveness of non-invasive tests used in the diagnosis of UTUC.
Tourism and the economy: evidence from Brazil

ABSTRACT We explore a discontinuity in the incentives created by the Brazilian Tourism Regionalization Program. We employ a research discontinuity design, focussing on municipalities in the transitions between two classes. We observe significant effects of the Program in tourist cities, including an increase in the value-added of services and per capita GDP. Additionally, we find that the value-added in industrial activities increases, implying a spillover effect from the improvement in local tourism conditions for other economic activities. Our article documents how tourism strategies can have a beneficial effect on a city's entire economic structure.
Relationship Between Chronic Kidney Disease Staging and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Retrospective Study

Introduction Vitamin D deficiency is a rising health issue in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It can lead to serious issues such as rickets, periodontitis, osteoporosis, weakness, muscle ache, and depression. This study was conducted to determine the vitamin D status of patients with CKD in Pakistan and evaluate the correlation between serum vitamin D and renal function progression. Methodology A retrospective study enrolled patients who visited Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2015 to January 2021 with a primary diagnosis of CKD. Anthropometric, laboratory, and demographic data were collected from the hospital management information system (HMIS). Results A total of 513 patients with CKD were included in the study. More than 50% of the patients were from stage 3 to stage 5 of CKD while the rest were from stage 1 and stage 2. Significant differences are in relation to calcium, phosphate, and albumin across categories of severity of CKD. Calcium is lowest in stage 5 while phosphate is highest in stage 5. Vitamin D deficiency was found in all participants, but serum vitamin D concentration was lowest in stage 5, i.e., 8.14+6.00. The changing of vitamin D level was associated with the severity of CKD staging (p-value=0.003). Conclusion The current study has shown that vitamin D deficiency, calcium deficiency, and hyperphosphatemia are more common in patients with CKD, but their severity is more common in advanced stages of CKD.