Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A mitogenomic phylogeny of satyrid butterflies and complete mitochondrial genome of Oeneis urda (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

Abstract Oeneis urda (Eversmann, 1847) is a butterfly of the Satyrinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and a member of the Arctics, which are distributed in the arctic, subarctic, or high-altitude alpine regions. Here, we present the complete mitochondrial genome of O. urda assembled from next-generation sequencing data. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of O. urda is a circular molecule of 15,248 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one control region. Phylogenetic analysis using whole mitogenomic data of 23 satyrid butterflies strongly supports that the genus Oeneis has a close relationship with Davidina.
Machine Learning-Based Models for Real-time Traffic Flow Prediction in Vehicular Networks

In recent years, ML-based models are gaining enormous attention from both the automotive industry and academia to support IoVs. Through the accurate prediction of traffic/road conditions, various safety and infotainment applications can efficiently utilize the network entities and enhance the quality of service. Topology control and mobility management protocols in IoVs, among others, would achieve higher efficiency through the support of real-time traffic flow forecasting. However, the current research trend on improving prediction accuracy refrains from answering the essential question of whether ML-based prediction schemes are suitable for real-time traffic prediction. To answer this question, a thorough extensive study to evaluate the efficiency of prediction- based traffic flow schemes is required. In this article, we investigate the effectiveness of various ML-based prediction models by considering both the prediction accuracy and computational time cost. Accordingly, we present rigorous quantitative analysis to identify the important factors that may restrict the use of ML-based prediction models to support real-time services in the IoV environment.
Evaluation of eastern gamagrass and a sorghum × sudangrass for summer pasture

Funding information Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, Grant/Award Numbers: TEN00350, TEN00463, TEN00547 Abstract Improved summer forage production is important in forage systems dominated by cool-season perennial grasses. Improved forage may be especially important for heifer [Bos taurus (L)] development. Therefore, we compared two summer forage options, a perennial, eastern gamagrass [Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. ], and a widely used summer annual, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] × sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) de Wet & Harlan] hybrid, as options for providing summer pasture for bred heifers (418 ± 31 kg initial body mass). We used put-and-take grazing (i.e., routine adjustment of stocking to maintain target canopy conditions) to evaluate pasture characteristics, animal performance, and pasture productivity, 2013–2015. Crude protein of eastern gamagrass (EG) exceeded (P = 0.01) that of the sorghum × sudangrass hybrid (SXS), but FM, ADF, and NDF were all similar between the two forage types. Although SXS provided greater ADG (P = 0.03) in two of three years, EG provided twice as many AD ha−1 (P = 0.03) and consequently, greater (P < .001) GAIN in two of three years. Calving rates (89%) did not differ between the two forages. Increased N rates (67 vs.137 kg ha−1 N) did not alter EG pasture characteristics but appeared to improve GAIN (279 and 355 kg ha−1, respectively). Cost of gain was greater for SXS in 2014 and 2015 ($1.71 and $1.64 kg−1) than for EG ($0.62 and $0.62 kg−1). Both EG and SXS could be useful for providing summer forage for bred heifers.
Too much fertilizer? An observational association between inputs at planting and crop yield on a Saskatchewan farming operation

Abstract: Grain yield and its variability is a major driver of seeding rate and inorganic fertilizer use at planting among grain growers. Recommended rates for fertilizer application with regard to crop utilization and soil management are discretionary and vary between producer and agronomist. This observational case study with Bayesian inference examines the association between application rates of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium chloride and sulphur at planting, and yield of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.), large green lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.), canola (Brassica napus L.), canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.), and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Using precision agriculture, input and crop yield information for each parcel of cultivated land was collected over a 4 yr period from 2015 to 2018 on a continuous no-till farming operation in the semiarid region of Saskatchewan, Canada. Hierarchical models were derived that accounted for yield variability in crop types due to the random effects of field, cultivar, crop planted in previous year, planting year, combine machine, observation location within field, and elevation. Evidence from this longitudinal study suggests that seed-placed fertilizer above the recommended safe rate can be associated with yield decline on farming operations in the semiarid environment of Saskatchewan, Canada.
The Biological Control of Alligatorweed

Abstract : Alligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides, an aquatic amaranth introduced into the United States from South America around the turn of the century, has become a noxious aquatic weed over the past 40 years. Three insects appeared suitable for introduction into the United States as biological control agents of alligatorweed. These insects are: (1) Agasicles hygrophila, (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), now commonly known as the 'alligatorweed flea beetle'; (2) Amynothrips andersoni (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), the 'alligatorweed thrips'; and (3) V. malloi, the so-called 'alligatorweed stem- borer'. A general discussion of the biology, feeding behavior, and resulting plant damage of these insects is given. Portions of this document are not fully legible.
Synthesis and Selected Properties of Ester Elastomer Containing Sorbitol

The aim of this work was synthesizing ester elastomers, using sorbitol as a monomer obtainable from renewable sources. Three polymers were synthesized, utilizing three different polycondensation times. Their mechanical and thermal properties were examined and compared. Poly(sorbitol sebacate-co-butylene sebacate) elastomers were synthesized as a result of polycondensation reaction, using sebacic acid, butylene glycol and sorbitol as monomers. Resulting materials had good mechanical properties and a cross-linked structure. Such elastomers are susceptible to hydrolytic degradation which has been confirmed in earlier studies. This paper shows that the material synthesized utilizing a 3.5 h polycondensation time has the most desirable mechanical and thermal properties, and the reaction is characterized by the highest degree of conversion of substrates.
Protective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) on microalbuminuria in diabetic patients

This review assesses the protective effect of ACEIs and ARBs on microalbuminuria in diabetic patients and identifying the preferred type based on their beneficial effects in addition to their blood pressure-reducing effect in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and adverse drug reaction profile. In this review, articles published between 2001 and 2019 are included and MEDLINE search was used with key words such as diabetes, microalbuminuria, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and ACEIs. ARBs reduced the risks of end stage renal disease (ESRD) and two-fold rise in the serum creatinine level; ACEIs did not reduce the risks of ESRD in an analysis of studies including both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. However, a meta-analytical review or study needs to be conducted to evaluate the comparative effects of ARBs and ACEIs in either type 1 or type 2 diabetic patients. Early treatment with ACEIs or ARBs decreased the risk of microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Telmisartan is found to be beneficial in microalbuminuria or diabetic nephropathy. Long-term therapy with higher dose of irbesartan resulted in consistent protective effects on the renal functions even after its withdrawal. ACEIs or ARBs are consideredas the 1 st -line therapy in both type 1 and 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. ARBs are definitely preferred for patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors. ARBs may be preferred over ACEIs due to their predominant renal protective effects in addition to their beneficial effect of improving blood pressure in type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the comparative effects of ARBs and ACEIs in either type 1 or type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria needs to be further evaluated in a randomized controlled study.
APPLICATION OF GREEN EXTRACTION METHODS TO RESVERATROL EXTRACTION FROM PEANUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.) SKIN

Objective: This study compared the maceration extraction method with non-conventional extraction methods such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Methods: To obtain resveratrol, various conditions were optimized: Solvent types (organic solvent [i.e. 70% ethanol] and green solvents [i.e. natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) and ionic liquid (IL)]) and extraction methods. The resveratrol content in the extracts was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: It was determined that resveratrol extracted by UAE with NADES was composed of choline chloride–oxalic acid when the following conditions were used: The solid/liquid ratio of 1:20 (g/mL) and the extraction time of 15 min. These conditions produced higher resveratrol content (0.049 mg/g dry weight) than that using MAE with 70% ethanol (0.011 mg/g dry weight). However, the maceration method yielded the highest amount of resveratrol (0.221 mg/g dry weight), and MAE with IL produced the smallest amount of resveratrol (0.157 × 10−3 mg/g dry weight). Conclusion: Peanut skin extracted using the maceration method produced the highest amount of resveratrol compared to that using other methods.
Results of Research of the Reduced Emissions of Pollutants by Road Vehicles of Various Environmental Classes ‘Euro’ As the Basis of Environmental Hazard Labeling

This study analyzes the change in the calculated reduced emissions of pollutants by all major categories of road vehicles of European environmental classes from "Euro-0" to "Euro-6". It covers cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks, buses, and category L vehicles (mopeds and motorcycles). The reduced mass emissions of pollutants are defined in a common coordinate system, from both traditional internal combustion engines and electric vehicles. Emissions in atmospheric air by wearing products of a pneumatic tire, road pavement, and brake pad are also taken into account. The methodology for calculation of reduced mass operational emissions includes 64 types of major pollutants, grouped into eight specific groups. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, nitrous oxide, ammonia, light hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants, particles, sulfur compounds, metals, are covered. Particulate matter emissions from engine exhaust, pneumatic tire wear, road pavement, and brake pads are taken into account. Particulate matter emissions include both elemental carbon and individually adsorbed and absorbed carcinogens in their composition. The average operational mass emissions of pollutants were determined using the methodology of the European Environment Agency. For each of the 64 pollutants, a relative toxicity (aggressiveness) factor is proposed. It is based on available data on the maximum permissible concentrations of substances in ambient air. It is determined as the ratio of the maximum permissible concentrations of carbon monoxide to a known pollutant. It was found that the reduced emissions by cars of level "Euro-5" and "Euro-6" with gasoline engines are only about four times higher than the reduced emissions of electric vehicles; the reduced emissions of "Euro-6++" cars with diesel engines are twice as high as those of "Euro-5" or "Euro-6" cars with gasoline engines; the reduced emissions of trucks and city buses of "Euro-6" level are on average only about five times greater than the reduced emissions of electric transport; the reduced emissions by vehicles of category L (mopeds and motorcycles) can significantly exceed the emissions of cars and even buses and trucks. The results obtained could be the basis for the development of environmental (ecological) classification and labeling of road vehicles. It provides opportunities for the introduction of fiscal and other mechanisms to encourage the use of more environmentally friendly vehicles in line with the practice of EU Member States, using the "polluter pays" principle. General principles of the introduction of the universal system of road vehicles' environmental hazard labeling are proposed. It is suggested to set discrete baseline levels of environmental hazard in increments of 1.259 times the reduced emissions, which is equal to an increase by 10 0.1 times in the specific energy value, that is, 1 dB
Effect of Topical Proparacaine 0.5% on Tropicamide- Induced Mydriasis

Purpose: The topical anesthetic proparacaine (0.5%) is recommended to enhance the rate and magnitude of pupillary dilatation if it is instilled before mydriatic tropicamide. However there is scarcity of data supporting this. Therefore we conducted a study to analyze if preinstillation of topical proparacaine (0.5%) can potentiate the mydriatic efficacy of 0.8% tropicamide. Methods: The patients were divided into two groups for pupillary dilatation. The study group was given a drop 0.5% proparacaine before instilling one drop of tropicamide while the control group was given the tropicamide alone. The pupillary size was measured and recorded before the instillation of tropicamide at 0 min, 15 min, 30 min. The end point was taken as 6 mm pupillary size (clinically effective diameter). Results: There was a statistically significant difference in rate of pupillary diameter between the control and the study group. The rate of pupillary dilatation at 15min and 30 min was statistically significantly different between the control and study group. Conclusion: The study concluded that prior instillation of topical proparacaine produced a statistically significant difference in the rate of pupillary dilatation at 30 mins. Therefore, we suggest the use of a topical anesthetic before tropicamide induced mydriasis. Original Research Article Singh and Singh; OR, 12(2): 1-5, 2020; Article no.OR. 55868 2
A Genetic Fuzzy Model for Investigating Security and Trust in E-Commerce with Genetic Algorithm

: In e-commerce, the issue of security and trust has always been one of the most important principles. With the advancement of internet science, e-commerce has also become more advanced, always striving for greater security and trust. Of course, security and trust are not new issues in the area of e-commerce and a variety of techniques have been provided to improve the performance of this business. If an e-commerce business fails to meet the customer’s expectations in terms of security and trust, it would be doomed to fail. Security in e-commerce is the protection of existing assets and information against attacks and unauthorized access to that e-commerce. In this study, it has been tried to prevent such attacks by preventive techniques and strategies and also by providing an artificial immune system based on agents and computational intelligence techniques including fuzzy control and Genetic algorithms. The rules generated by fuzzy logic are taught by Genetic algorithm and finally through these rules, the input patterns are categorized. In this study, the activities are classified into two categories of safe and unsafe and the incorrect boundaries between these activities are reduced by the proposed technique.
Dry Reforming of Methane over a Ruthenium/Carbon Nanotube Catalyst

In this study, CH4 dry reforming was demonstrated on a novel microwave-synthesized ruthenium (Ru)/carbon nanotube (CNT) catalyst. The catalyst was tested in an isothermal laboratory-packed bed reactor, with gas analysis by gas chromatography/thermal conductivity detection. The catalyst demonstrated excellent dry-reforming activity at modest temperatures (773–973 K) and pressure (3.03 × 105 Pa). Higher reaction temperatures favored increased conversion of CH4 and CO2, and increased H2/CO product ratios. Slight coke deposition, estimated by carbon balance, was observed at higher temperatures and higher feed CH4/CO2. A robust global kinetic model composed of three reversible reactions—dry reforming, reverse water gas shift, and CH4 decomposition—simulates observed outlet species concentrations and reactant conversions using this Ru/CNT catalyst over the temperature range of this study. This engineering kinetic model for the Ru/CNT catalyst predicts a somewhat higher selectivity and yield for H2, and less for CO, in comparison to previously published results for a similarly prepared Pt_Pd/CNT catalyst from our group.
Bird species richness in natural forest patches in southeast Brazil

Studies of populations in fragmented habitats have become essential tools in biodiversity conservation. This study was conducted at 14 natural forest patches (“capões”) in the Serra da Canastra National Park, with the purpose of evaluating bird species richness of these patches in relation to patch area and distance to other patches. In this study, area and isolation did not explain much of the variation in bird richness and abundance when all species were considered. However, when only forest-dependent species were considered, both area and isolation were significantly related to patch richness, suggesting that the distribution of these birds is highly related to forest patch area and is limited by dispersal ability of the species through the matrix. But, some individuals of some forest-dependent species (Thamnophilus caerulescens, and Basileuterus leucophrys) were also found in the very small (0.05 ha) or most isolated (430 to 700 m) patches. This fact may be related to an adaptation of these species to the naturally fragmented landscape, since this is a landscape which have not been altered considerably in the last two centuries. Our results showed that this natural landscape of small and isolated forest patches imbedded in a grassland matrix may support populations of several forest-dependent species of birds, increasing the regional biodiversity. Keywords: Birds, Brazil, Forest patches, Fragmentation
A unitary joint diagonalization algorithm for nonsymmetric higher‐order tensors based on Givens‐like rotations

Based on Givens‐like rotations, we present a unitary joint diagonalization algorithm for a set of nonsymmetric higher‐order tensors. Each unitary rotation matrix only depends on one unknown parameter which can be analytically obtained in an independent way following a reasonable assumption and a complex derivative technique. It can serve for the canonical polyadic decomposition of a higher‐order tensor with orthogonal factors. Furthermore, based on cross‐high‐order cumulants of observed signals, we show that the proposed algorithm can be applied to solve the joint blind source separation problem. The simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm has a competitive performance compared with those of several existing related methods.
Insect Molecular Genetics: An Introduction to Principles and Applications

Insect Molecular Genetics, Third Edition, summarizes and synthesizes two rather disparate disciplines-entomology and molecular genetics. This volume provides an introduction to the techniques and literature of molecular genetics; defines terminology; and reviews concepts, principles, and applications of these powerful tools. The world of insect molecular genetics, once dominated by Drosophila, has become much more diverse, especially with the sequencing of multiple arthropod genomes (from spider mites to mosquitoes). This introduction includes discussion of honey bees, mosquitoes, flour beetles, silk moths, fruit flies, aphids, house flies, kissing bugs, cicadas, butterflies, tsetse flies and armyworms. This book serves as both a foundational text and a review of a rapidly growing literature. With fully revised and updated chapters, the third edition will be a valuable addition to the personal libraries of entomologists, geneticists, and molecular biologists. * Up-to-date references to important review articles, websites, and seminal citations in the disciplines* Well crafted and instructive illustrations integral to explaining the techniques of molecular genetics* Glossary of terms to help beginners learn the vocabulary of molecular biology
A Robusta consensus genetic map using RFLP and microsatellite markers for the detection of QTL.

A segregating population of 93 individuals was created by ICCRI from the cross of two elite clones BP409 and Q121. These clones have a different genetic background, BP409 is a Congolese genotype and Q121 seems to be a hybrid between Guinean and Congolese genetic groups. After propagation by cuttings the resulting progenies were planted in two different locations in Indonesia, in order to assess the environmental effects on quantitative traits such as agronomic performances or cup quality.
Who’s caring for whom? Disabled Indigenous carers experiences of Australia’s infrastructures of social protection

ABSTRACT Almost a quarter (23.9%) of Indigenous Australians report living with a disability. While most of them are cared for at home by female family members, there is limited understanding and insight into their lives. There is even less known about Indigenous primary carers who often also live with a disability and/or serious health condition requiring ongoing medical healthcare and support. This paper explicitly explores Indigenous disabled carer experiences who are navigating complex infrastructures of social protection for those that they care for and to gain support for their own health and disability needs as a disabled carer. The paper illustrates the significant disadvantages they experience given their regional locations of residency and the historicity of disability-carer support availability. Drawing upon their narratives from semi-structured interviews and yarning circles, three significant themes emerge: (i) Extended carer responsibilities for the family, (ii) Challenges applying for and receiving financial support as carers to support their own wellbeing as a disabled person and the disabled family member they cared for, (iii) Living in unsuitable accommodation.