Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metadiscourse Markers: Frequency and Errors Made by EFL Students

To present a skillfully written abstract, an author should apply some strategies. One of them is the application of Metadiscourse Markers, which provides readers with linguistic features that will help them quickly get the gist of the entire research. Studies have examined the metadiscourse markers in abstracts of theses and published article journals written by Indonesian, but only a few used a corpus-based approach and analyzed the errors simultaneously. This study, therefore, aimed at finding the frequency of Metadiscourse Markers and grammatical errors made by Accounting Department students of Kupang State Polytechnic in their final papers’ abstracts. A corpus-based approach was applied by using AntConc Version 3.5. 9 concordance tool. The study showed that interactive markers occurred more frequently than interactional resources. Moreover, grammatical errors were related to applying punctuation (comma), plural forms, verb tenses, and modality. This study suggests the teaching material includes the features of Metadiscourse Markers in abstract writing and further emphasizes the grammar on topics where students performed errors.
$A^t_{FB}$ Meets LHC

The recent Tevatron measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry of the top quark shows an intriguing discrepancy with Standard Model expectations, particularly at large t t invariant masses. Measurements of this quantity are subtle at the LHC, due to its pp initial state, however, one can dene a forward-central-charge asymmetry which captures the physics. We study the capability of the LHC to measure this asymmetry and nd that within the SM a measurement at the 5 level
CeLAND: search for a 4th light neutrino state with a 3 PBq 144Ce-144Pr electron antineutrino generator in KamLAND

The reactor neutrino and gallium anomalies can be tested with a 3-4 PBq (75-100 kCi scale) 144Ce-144Pr antineutrino beta-source deployed at the center or next to a large low-background liquid scintillator detector. The antineutrino generator will be produced by the Russian reprocessing plant PA Mayak as early as 2014, transported to Japan, and deployed in the Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) as early as 2015. KamLAND's 13 m diameter target volume provides a suitable environment to measure the energy and position dependence of the detected neutrino flux. A characteristic oscillation pattern would be visible for a baseline of about 10 m or less, providing a very clean signal of neutrino disappearance into a yet-unknown, sterile neutrino state. This will provide a comprehensive test of the electron dissaperance neutrino anomalies and could lead to the discovery of a 4th neutrino state for Delta_m^2 > 0.1 eV^2 and sin^2(2theta) > 0.05.
Mapping the knowledge frontiers of public risk communication in disaster risk management

Abstract Public risk communication (PRC) emerged as an interdisciplinary field in response to the need for integrative approaches to cope with individual resilience and adaptive behavior during emergencies, promoting a government or stakeholder-public dyad approach and providing policy and institutional frameworks. Research on PRC is fast developing into a diverse knowledge domain from a descriptive and theoretical approach to an empirical approach and diverse theories relating to risk and disaster management. However, scholars’ diverse philosophical ideas and multifarious research can inhibit interdisciplinary discourse and hamper practical implications. This integrative review analysis of research in PRC from different interdisciplinary involved bibliometric analysis and content analysis of 819 articles from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The study aims to ascertain the development trends in this field. The bibliometric analysis and systematic review were conducted to identify the knowledge patterns. The findings illustrate the mappings of the trend and emergence of PRC, contribution analysis and address a macroview of risk communication in disaster management, providing an in-depth understanding of scholarly contributions by summarising previous studies, milestones and frontiers. It also identifies several research gaps such as limitations on cross-cultural comparisons addressing risk communication, perceptions and behaviors in making causality claim, geographical diversity in risk communication and so forth. And provides a deeper understanding of the emerging trend in this field of study. The article concludes by proposing and discussing future research for further advancement of this discipline.
A Region-Based Relay Pursuit Scheme for a Pursuit–Evasion Game With a Single Evader and Multiple Pursuers

In this article, a class of the relay pursuit–evasion problem is dealt with. Multiple pursuers and a single evader take part in the considered game. We propose a region-based relay pursuit scheme for the pursuers to capture a single evader that adopts the pure evasion strategy. First, a round pursuit strategy, which is a quickest decent control law, is proposed as an alternative strategy to the pure evasion strategy. Next, a partition of the planar space is given by using the Voronoi diagram and some circular barriers to indicate the dominance region of each pursuer and each pursuit strategy. Then, the region-based relay pursuit scheme is put forward. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methodology.
The effect of environment on the structure of disc galaxies

We study the influence of environment on the structure of disc galaxies, using \texttt{IMFIT} to measure the g- and r-band structural parameters of the surface-brightness profiles for $\sim$700 low-redshift (z$<$0.063) cluster and field disc galaxies with intermediate stellar mass (0.8 $\times$ 10$^{10}$ $M_{\odot}$ $<$ $M_{\star}$ $<$ 4 $\times$ 10$^{10}$ $M_{\odot}$) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, DR7. Based on this measurement, we assign each galaxy to a surface-brightness profile type (Type I $\equiv$ single-exponential, Type II $\equiv$ truncated, Type III $\equiv$ anti-truncated). In addition, we measure (g-r) restframe colour for disc regions separated by the break radius. Cluster disc galaxies (at the same stellar mass) have redder (g-r) colour by $\sim$0.2 mag than field galaxies. This reddening is slightly more pronounced outside the break radius. Cluster disc galaxies also show larger global Sersic-indices and are more compact than field discs, both by $\sim$15\%. This change is connected to a flattening of the (outer) surface-brightness profile of Type I and - more significantly - of Type III galaxies by $\sim$8\% and $\sim$16\%, respectively, in the cluster environment compared to the field. We find fractions of Type I, II and III of (6$\pm$2)\%, (66$\pm$4)\% and (29$\pm$4)\% in the field and (15$_{-4}^{+7}$)\%, (56$\pm$7)\% and (29$\pm$7)\% in the cluster environment, respectively. We suggest that the larger abundance of Type I galaxies in clusters (matched by a corresponding decrease in the Type II fraction) could be the signature of a transition between Type II and Type I galaxies produced/enhanced by environment-driven mechanisms.
Experimental Psychology: Research Methods and Statistics

1 Psychology and the scientific method. - 2 Descriptive statistics. - 3 Standard scores. - 4 Normal distribution. - 5 Probability and significance. - 6 Statistical significance. - 7 Sampling. - 8 Standard error. - 9 Hypothesis formation. - 10 Hypothesis testing. - 11 Variables. - 12 Levels of measurement. - 13 Writing an experimental report. - 14 Experimental design and the control of error: I. Between-groups unrelated design. - 15 Standard error of the difference between means. - 16 Statistical tests for unrelated designs. - 17 Experimental design and the control of error: II. Within-groups related design and matched pairs design. - 18 Statistical tests for related and matched designs. - 19 Design and subject-experimenter problems. - 20 Chi-square. - 21 Correlation. - 22 Analysis of variance. - 23 Statistical tests. - 24 Factor analysis. - 25 Reliability and validity. - 26 Attitude measurement. - 27 Non-experimental methods. - Appendix A: Statistical tables. - Appendix B: Glossary of terms. - Appendix C: Answers to STQs.
Layer by layer thin film fabrication with in-process laser patterning

A modification of the traditional layer by layer process where the substrate is irradiated with laser light during the polycation and/or polyanion dipping cycles is described. By adjusting the laser irradiation time during dipping, irradiation power, number of bilayers, and the location and speed of laser irradiation, a variety of structures with controlled thicknesses can be fabricated. Laser patterned multilayer PAH/PTEBS polymer thin films were fabricated and characterized with absorbance mapping to demonstrate several patterning approaches. Results for 1) two laser patterned tracks, 2) single laser patterned track with varied average laser power across the sample from a continuously variable neutral density filter, and 3) laser patterning using a beam sent through multiple circular apertures are described. Based on the variable neutral density filter laser pattern, for 20 bilayer PAH/PTEBS films, an absorbance difference between off and on pattern of 0.1 requires an average laser power of less than 15 mW at 405 nm. The patterns produced are on the scale of several millimeters, though they could be made much smaller by focusing the laser used for patterning.
The two-component jet of GRB 080413B

Aims. The quick and precise localization of GRBs by the Swift telescope allows the early evolution of the afterglow light curve to be captured by ground-based telescopes. With GROND measurements we can investigate the optical/near-infrared light curve of the afterglow of gamma-ray burst 080413B in the context of late rebrightening. Methods. Multi-wavelength follow-up observations were performed on the afterglow of GRB 080413B. X-ray emission was detected by the X-ray telescope onboard the Swift satellite and obtained from the public archive. Optical and near-infrared photometry was performed with the seven-channel imager GROND mounted at the MPG/ESO 2.2 m telescope and additionally with the REM telescope, both in La Silla, Chile. The light curve model was constructed using the obtained broad-band data. Results. The broad-band light curve of the afterglow of GRB 080413B is well fitted with an on-axis two-component jet model. The narrow ultra-relativistic jet is responsible for the initial decay, while the rise of the moderately relativistic wider jet near its deceleration time is the cause of the rebrightening of the light curve. The later evolution of the optical/NIR light curve is then dominated by the wide component, the signature of which is almost negligible in the X-ray wavelengths. These components have opening angles of θn ∼ 1.7 ◦ and θw ∼ 9 ◦ , and Lorentz factors of Γn > 188 and Γw ∼ 18.5. We calculated the beaming-corrected energy release to be Eγ = 7.9 × 10 48 erg.
A Wideband Reflectarray Based on Single-Layer Magneto-Electric Dipole Elements With 1-bit Switching Mode

A single-layer wideband low-cost linearly polarized reflectarray with 1 bit magnetoelectric (ME) dipole as the unit cell is presented. The 180° reflection phase difference between the two states for the unit cell is realized by switching the ground-signal-ground (GSG) transmission line between “open” and “short” to the ground in the ME dipole structure. The corresponding numerical simulations of the reflectarray unit cell show that the bandwidth of the reflection phase difference within <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$180^{\circ } \pm 20^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is more than 34% under both normal and oblique incidences. Moreover, the insertion loss is lower than 0.35 dB over the entire Ku-band benefiting from the concise phase shifting structure. Two static reflectarray prototypes for collimated beam at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\theta = 15^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varphi = 0^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\theta = 15^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varphi = 90^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are designed and fabricated. The measurement results of the reflectarray verify a great advantage of wideband performance, with over 32% bandwidth for 1.5 dB gain variation below the maximum value in both <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varphi = 0^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varphi $ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 90° planes.
Analysis of Pairwise Comparison Matrices

Pairwise comparison method is a powerful and simple tool for modeling decision-making problems when n objects (alternatives, criteria, etc.) are involved. In this article, the method description begins with a brief comment about its historical roots. Special emphasis is placed on the possible levels of rationality of the decision maker and how this feature conditions the mathematical methods used to derive preferential weights from a pairwise comparison matrix. This issue is linked in a natural way to the problem of aggregating individual pairwise comparison matrices into a consensus matrix. The article concludes with a discussion of the main advantages of the method in real-world problems. Keywords: pairwise comparisons; goal programming; preference modeling; group decision; distance-based methods
Hiding Cyclostationarity with Dispersive Filters for Covert Underwater Acoustic Communications

Cyclostationary features of communication signals can be considered as weaknesses from a security point of view. They can be used by eavesdroppers for signal detection, modulation recognition or blind parameter estimation. This work presents a simple approach to make the blind estimation or detection of these features more difficult. It relies on the use of a dispersive filter at transmission that acts as a secret key. This filter is a plugin that is applicable to any existing transmission scheme. Numerical results applied to a DSSS signal with channel replay simulations illustrate the benefits of the proposed method.
TC-09 Subcommittee: Capacitive Sensors

Capacitive sensing is a versatile sensor technology and has proven itself in many different measurement and detection tasks [1]. The measurement principle is based on the capacitive coupling between objects (electrodes) [2]. The coupling can be influenced by objects and/or the geometry between the objects, making capacitive technology suitable for a wide range of measurement applications in science and technology. Sensing examples are given by proximity, pressure, position and displacement, force, humidity [3], fluid level, environmental sensing [4], [5], safety applications [4], [6], [7]–, process measurements including tomographic sensing [8], [9], etc. In Fig. 1, the principle of a capacitive sensing system is shown [1], [10]. A capacitive sensor is designed for the specific measurand x. After the capacitance value has been acquired by a measurement circuit, the measurement result ^x is evaluated. This involves signal models and models for the elements of the measurement systems as well as calibration measurements.
A Review on the State-of-the-Art Optimization Strategies and Future Trends of Wound-Field Flux Switching Motors

Interest on the wound-field flux switching machines (WF-FSMs) in the scientific community have increased due to their high reliability, low cost, and absence of magnets. In the context of global sustainability, it is required that WF-FSMs must fulfill physical, technological, and environmental requirements, through design and optimization studies. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the state-of-the-art technologies relevant to multi-objective optimization and performance analysis of WF-FSMs. Several efficient optimization strategies from recent research works are highlighted and compared, showing that there are research gaps on the integration of advanced control algorithms and use of robust optimization methods. Some future optimization initiatives are offered including smart design optimization method for robust design and production of WF-FSMs. The proposed novel system uses cloud computing and big data services for smart optimization of WF-FSMs.
Raft consensus algorithm based on reputation mechanism

Voting-based consensus algorithms such as the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm and Raft algorithm are mainly used in consortium chains. PBFT algorithm is suitable for the Byzantine environment while Raft algorithm is suitable for the non-Byzantine environment. Although there are access mechanisms in the consortium chain, Byzantine nodes may pretend to be honest nodes. PBFT algorithm has high time complexity and poor performance when too many nodes participate in the consensus. Meanwhile, the Raft algorithm can be applied in practice due to its excellent performance and ease of understanding. To solve the performance as well as security problems of the consensus algorithm in consortium chain, this paper proposes the reputation-based Raft algorithm (rbRaft), which can get the honesty degree of the nodes by recording the reputation value of the nodes participating in the consensus. If a node is malicious, its reputation value will be reduced and the node has a low probability to become a leader. If the reputation value is less than 0.5, then it will be removed from the network and will not participate in the consensus. We also add digital signatures to the Raft consensus algorithm, which can guarantee the reliability of the data transmitted between nodes. This paper conducts simulation experiments to evaluate the performance and fault tolerance of the algorithm.
Ultrafast magnetization dynamics rates within the Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch model

The ultra-fast magnetisation relaxation rates during the laser-induced magnetisation process are analyzed in terms of the Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch (LLB) equation for different values of spin $S$. The LLB equation is equivalent in the limit $S \rightarrow \infty$ to the atomistic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) Langevin dynamics and for $S=1/2$ to the M3TM model [B. Koopmans, {\em et al.} Nature Mat. \textbf{9} (2010) 259]. Within the LLB model the ultra-fast demagnetisation time ($\tau_{M}$) and the transverse damping ($\alpha_{\perp}$) are parameterized by the intrinsic coupling-to-the-bath parameter $\lambda$, defined by microscopic spin-flip rate. We show that for the phonon-mediated Elliott-Yafet mechanism, $\lambda$ is proportional to the ratio between the non-equilibrium phonon and electron temperatures. We investigate the influence of the finite spin number and the scattering rate parameter $\lambda$ on the magnetisation relaxation rates. The relation between the fs demagnetisation rate and the LLG damping, provided by the LLB theory, is checked basing on the available experimental data. A good agreement is obtained for Ni, Co and Gd favoring the idea that the same intrinsic scattering process is acting on the femtosecond and nanosecond timescale.
Reconfigurable AWGN Generator Using Box-Muller Method with CORDIC-Based Square Root Calculation

This work presents a reconfigurable Gaussian noise generator using field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The Box-muller method is used, which is a very efficient algorithm and its statistic properties, such as mean and variant, are effectively achieved. Additionally, the square root computation based on the CODIC method is proposed. All algorithms are implemented in FPGA Virtex 6, ML605 board, from Xilinx. The main resource usages are 8% of the Number of occupied Slices, 5% of the Number of Slice LUTs, and only 1% of the Number of Slice Registers. The Gaussian noise generator result is represented by ChipSope Pro Analyzer, which runs in real-time with the clock speed of 100 Mhz. As can be observed, more than one million samples per second can be generated. The result is confirmed that the system works well and it is abatable for many applications; especially, in the area of fast-bit error rate (BER) tester in error correction technology, such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) and Polar code.
Neutral kaon interferometry at KLOE and KLOE-2

Neutral kaons produced in correlated pairs at a phi-factory offer unique possibilities to perform fundamental tests of CPT invariance, as well as of the basic principles of quantum mechanics. The analysis of the data collected by the KLOE experiment at DAFNE is still ongoing with the aim of improving previous results and limits on several parameters describing CPT violation and decoherence. Ancillary measurements like the regeneration cross section on the beam pipe materials are also in progress and will be very useful to reduce the systematic uncertainties. Prospects on improvements at the KLOE-2 experiment, aiming at an increase of the integrated luminosity of about a factor of ten with an upgraded detector, will be also discussed.
New principle for unpolarized wideband reflectors

There is immense scientific interest in the properties of resonant thin films embroidered with periodic nanoscale features. This device class possesses considerable innovation potential. Accordingly, we report unpolarized broadband reflectors enabled by a serial arrangement of a pair of polarized subwavelength gratings. Optimized with numerical methods, our elemental gratings consist of a partially-etched crystalline-silicon film on a quartz substrate. The resulting reflectors exhibit extremely wide spectral reflection bands in one polarization. By arranging two such reflectors sequentially with orthogonal periodicities, there results an unpolarized spectral band that exceeds those of the individual polarized bands. In the experiments reported herein, we achieve zero-order reflectance exceeding 97% under unpolarized light incidence over a 500-nm-wide wavelength band in the near-infrared domain. Moreover, the resonant unpolarized broadband accommodates an ultra-high-reflection band spanning ~85 nm and exceeding 99.9% in efficiency. The elemental polarization-sensitive reflectors based on one-dimensional resonant gratings have simple design, robust performance, and are straightforward to fabricate. Hence, this technology is a promising alternative to traditional multilayer thin-film reflectors especially at longer wavelengths of light where multilayer deposition may be infeasible or impractical.