Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the factors how to avoid un-utilized patents to support strengthening technology management

For the enterprises aiming technology-base business with R&D, Intellectual Property (IP) Management has an important role to make their further business growth through Technology Management. Japan has been one of leading countries from aspect of the number of patent applications. However, the ratio for granting patents is approximately 35%, also it is pointed out that the ratio of un-utilized patents out of the number of patent applications is about 18%. In order to make IP activities contribute to the competitiveness of enterprises, it is strongly requested to revise the strategy of patent applications, also with drastic change on large number of un-utilized patents. In this research, the reason of huge number of patent applications has been discussed with deductive approach considering our institutional factors, focusing down to the lack of integration of IP department with enterprise's other functional departments. The integration level is investigated with questionnaires to the industry. Based on the results of questionnaires, it was clarified that there exist certain factors why so many un-utilized patents generated. Also, IP people's consciousness on the importance of the integration was clarified with interview, to recommend how we should change our Patent Strategy to support strengthening Technology Management.
Based 6 D Object Pose Estimation

We propose two methods to robustify point correspondence based 6D object pose estimation. The first method, curvature filtering, is based on the assumption that low curvature regions provide false matches, and removing points in these regions improves robustness. The second method, region pruning, is more general by making no assumptions about local surface properties. Our region pruning segments a model point cloud into cluster regions and searches good region combinations using a validation set. The robustifying methods are general and can be used with any correspondence based method. For the experiments, we evaluated three correspondence selection methods, Geometric Consistency (GC) [1], Hough Grouping (HG) [2] and Search of Inliers (SI) [3] and report systematic improvements for their robustified versions with two distinct datasets.
Quadruple Gate-Embedded T Structured GaN-Based Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor High-Electron Mobility Transistors

In this paper, high performance quadruple gate-embedded T structured GaN-based metal–oxide–semiconductor high-electron mobility transistors (MOSHEMTs) were fabricated using laser interference photolithography method and photoelectrochemical oxidation method, in which polymethylmethacrylate was used as sacrificial layer. The associated drain-source saturation current was improved to 175 mA/mm and the gate leakage current at the gate-source voltage of −80 V was improved to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.81~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> compared with the 125 mA/mm and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$7.6~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the conventional single gate GaN-based MOSHEMTs, respectively. Moreover, the associated maximum extrinsic transconductance of the quadruple gate-embedded T structured GaN-based MOSHEMTs was enhanced from 97.3 mS/mm to 118.4 mS/mm. Besides, the associated unit gain cutoff frequency and the associated maximum oscillation frequency were improved from 7.6 GHz to 10.8 GHz and from 11.4 GHz to 27.4 GHz, respectively. The improved performances of the quadruple gate-embedded T structure GaN-based MOSHEMTs were attributed to the function of the gate length reduction and the gate resistance decrease.
Superconducting-insulating transition in two-dimensional a-MoGe thin films.

A zero-temperature magnetic-field-tuned superconducting-insulating transition is observed in twodimensional a-MoGe films. The low temperature transport properties of these films show scaling behavior consistent with a transition driven by long-range Coulomb interactions and quantum phase fluctuations in a two-dimensional superconductor. However, contrary to the theoretical predictions we find the critical resistance to be sample dependent. We suggest that the apparent lack of universality in the critical resistance is due to the finite contribution of fermionic excitations to the resistance.
Determination of Active Marine Bacterioplankton: a Comparison of Universal 16S rRNA Probes, Autoradiography, and Nucleoid Staining

We compared several currently discussed methods for the assessment of bacterial numbers and activity in marine waters, using samples from a variety of marine environments, from aged offshore seawater to rich harbor water. Samples were simultaneously tested for binding to a fluorescently labeled universal 16S rRNA probe; (sup3)H-labeled amino acid uptake via autoradiography; nucleoid-containing bacterial numbers by modified DAPI (4(prm1),6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining; staining with 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC), a compound supposed to indicate oxidative cell metabolism; and total bacterial counts (classical DAPI staining), taken as a reference. For the universal-probe counts, we used an image intensifying and processing system coupled to the epifluorescence microscope. All of the above-mentioned methods yielded lower cell counts than DAPI total counts. Universal-probe counts averaged about half of the corresponding DAPI count and were highly correlated to autoradiography counts (r(sup2) = 0.943; n = 7). Nucleoid-containing cell counts could be lower than DAPI counts by as much as 1 order of magnitude but sometimes matched autoradiography or probe counts. CTC counts were 2 orders of magnitude below DAPI counts. Universal 16S rRNA probe counts correlated well with autoradiography results, indicating a population with at least minimal metabolic activity. The greater variability of the nucleoid-containing cell counts calls for further investigation of the processes involved, and CTC counts were well below the range of the other methods tested.
Voltage sensitivity based site selection for PHEV charging station in commercial distribution system

In recent years, because of two way convenience of driving by both Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and onboard batteries, Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle (PHEV) has earned familiarity, precedence and acknowledgement in the personal transportation sector. However, impact of PHEV charging on the power system stability is a hindrance to large adoption of PHEVs. Hence, there is a need of finding a suitable location for a PHEV charging station in power system incorporating with power system stability indices. In this study, Voltage Sensitivity Factor (VSF) is used to find an optimal place for the PHEV charging station. Simulation results, carried out in a commercial system, show the validity of the proposed methodology.
Electronic structures and optical properties of nitrogen-doped SiC nanotube

The electronic structures and optical properties of the nitrogen doped silicon carbide nanotube (SiCNT) are studied with first principle calculation. A depression is formed near the doped nitrogen atom and the band gap of the SiCNT is narrowed by the doping. The optical properties of the SiCNT are also changed obviously.
The value of putaminal diffusion imaging versus 18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for the differential diagnosis of the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy

Differentiating the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA‐P) from idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and other forms of atypical parkinsonism can be difficult because symptoms overlap considerably. 18‐Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) is a powerful imaging technique that can assist in the diagnosis of MSA‐P via detection of putaminal and cerebellar hypometabolism. Recent studies suggest that diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) might be of similar diagnostic value, as it can detect microstructural damage in the putamen by means of an increased mean diffusivity (MD). The aim of this study was a direct comparison of DWI and FDG‐PET by using both methods on the same subject cohort. To this end, combined DWI and FDG‐PET were employed in patients with MSA‐P (n = 11), PD (n = 13), progressive supranuclear palsy (n = 8), and in 6 control subjects. MD values and FDG uptake ratios were derived from volumetric parcellations of the putamen and subjected to further analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and receiver operating characteristics analyses. MSA‐P was found to be associated with an increased posterior putaminal MD (P < 0.001 in all subgroup comparisons) that correlated strongly with local reductions in FDG uptake (r = −0.85, P = 0.002). DWI discriminated patients with MSA‐P from other subgroups nearly as accurately as FDG‐PET (area under the curve = 0.89 vs 0.95, P = 0.27 [pooled data]). Our data suggest a close association between the amount of putaminal microstructural damage and a reduced energy metabolism in patients with MSA‐P. The clinical use of DWI for the differential diagnosis of MSA‐P is encouraged. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Enrichment of putative prostate cancer stem cells after androgen deprivation: Upregulation of pluripotency transactivators concurs with resistance to androgen deprivation in LNCaP cell lines

Prostate cancer stem cells (PCSC) offer theoretical explanations to many clinical and biological behaviors of the disease in human. In contrast to approaches of using side populations and cell‐surface markers to isolate and characterize the putative PCSC, we hypothesize that androgen deprivation leads to functional enrichment of putative PCSC.
Generalized Hermite Spectral Method and its Applications to Problems in Unbounded Domains

In this paper, we develop a spectral method based on generalized Hermite functions with weight $\chi(x)\equiv1$. We also establish some basic results on generalized Hermite orthogonal approximations, which play an important role in spectral methods. As examples, the generalized Ginzburg-Landau equation in a population problem and an elliptic equation with a harmonic potential are considered. Related spectral schemes are proposed, and their convergence is proved. Numerical results demonstrate the spectral accuracy of this approach.
A Comparison of the Effect of High- and Low-dose Fentanyl on the Incidence of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in the Elderly

Background:Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is a common complication for which, despite many clinical investigations, no definitive etiology has been found. The current use of both high- and low-dose fentanyl as anesthetic techniques allowed us to investigate the effect of fentanyl on the incidence of POCD. Methods:Three hundred fifty patients scheduled to undergo elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were randomized to receive either high-dose fentanyl (50 &mgr;g/kg) or low-dose fentanyl (10 &mgr;g/kg) as the basis of the anesthetic. All patients underwent neuropsychological testing before surgery and at 1 week, 3 months, and 12 months after surgery. Results:One hundred sixty-eight patients in the low-dose group and 158 patients in the high-dose group were included in the final analysis. Neuropsychological testing was performed on 88%, 93%, and 92% of patients at 1 week, 3 months, and 12 months, respectively. There was no difference between group mean scores at any of the three testing times. Analysis of individual patients by the 20% rule did not detect any differences between groups. The one SD rule, which has fewer false-positive results, detected significantly more patients with POCD in the low-dose group than in the high-dose group at 1 week (23.6% vs. 13.7%; P = 0.03) but not at the other testing times. Patients with POCD spent an average of 1.2 days longer in the hospital than those without POCD (P = 0.021). Conclusions:High-dose fentanyl is not associated with a difference in the incidence of POCD at 3 or 12 months after surgery. Low-dose fentanyl leads to shorter postoperative ventilation times and may be associated with a greater incidence of POCD 1 week after surgery. Early POCD is associated with an increased duration of stay in the hospital.
Design and implementation of netdude, a framework for packet trace manipulation

We present the design and implementation of a framework for inspection, visualization, and modification of tcpdump packet trace files. The system is modularized into components for distinct application purposes, readily extensible, accessible through programmatic and graphical interfaces, and capable of handling trace files of arbitrary size and content. We include experiences of using the system in several real-world scenarios.
Egyptian License plate Recognition using Enhanced Stroke Width Transformation and fuzzy ARTMAP

License Plate Recognition (LPR) is the most important type of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). LPR is used in many different types of ITS like electronic payment systems, toll station, parking fees, freeway and arterial management systems for traffic surveillance. Few years ago, Egyptians government changed the car license plate to include letters and numbers. So the needs for efficient LPR System for the new license plate are increased in different ITS fields. This study presents an enhanced LPR detection algorithm for the new Egyptian licenses plate. The detection enhancement is done using Stroke Width Transform algorithm to extract letters from candidate areas combined with Fuzzy ARTMAP classifier. Stroke Width Transform (SWT) is a state of art algorithm developed by Microsoft Research Lab for detecting text in natural scene, it seeks to find the value of stroke width for each image pixel and demonstrate its use on the task of text detection in natural images. This study is focusing on detecting Arabic letters in the candidate license plate area using SWT image map instead of binary image map where not all Arabic letters have uniformly stroke width and some letters have a dot above and below it. The proposed model shows 26% detection accuracy enhancement than conventional LPR systems (Sobel Edge detection with binary image map using template matching technique).
Keynes on the Stages of Development of the Capitalist Economy: The Institutional Foundation of Keynes's Methodology

Most economists assume that Keynes's theory of the capitalist macroeconomy is adequately represented by the standard set of "Keynesian" aggregated supply and demand curves. The generally accepted interpretation of The General Theory, pioneered and popularized by Paul Samuelson, suggests that the consumption, marginal efficiency of capital, liquidity preference, and labor supply functions constitute the scientific core of the book; the comments, observations and asides that surround this core, it is assumed, have little scientific value. These core behavioral equations of mainstream Keynesianism are derived from the optimizing decisions of typical neoclassical economic agents who are fully specified through their endowment bundles and preference orderings. Indeed, the fact that modem Keynesian theory is logically founded on such starkly defined, isolated agents is the reason it is granted scientific status. This essay is concerned with the following important implication of the standard interpretation of Keynes's theory. If mainstream Keynesian theory is indeed an adequate reflection of Keynes's approach to macroeconomic analysis, then his theory must be ahistorical and insti-
Interferon gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and eotaxin as biomarkers in age-related macular degeneration.

PURPOSE To analyze serum cytokine levels in subjects with different stages of AMD and to study the expression of salient cytokines in postmortem eyes with AMD. METHODS A suspension array system was used to analyze sera (n = 18 to 20/group) from control subjects and those with early AMD (AREDS stage 1), intermediate dry AMD (AREDS stage 3), advanced AMD with geographic atrophy (GA), or neovascular AMD (CNV). Postmortem eyes with AMD or control eyes were examined immunohistochemically for expression of IP-10 and eotaxin (n = 4 to 8/group). RESULTS Serum eotaxin and IP-10 levels were significantly elevated in all stages of AMD, except for eotaxin levels in neovascular AMD (P < 0.07). The peak of serum IP-10 concentration was at intermediate dry AMD. In donor eyes, IP-10 and eotaxin expressions were increased in the RPE of eyes with early AMD, GA, and CNV. Eotaxin accumulated within the layer of basal linear/laminar deposits in all stages of AMD, while IP-10 was mainly in eyes with GA and CNV. IP-10 was abundant in the connective tissue matrix associated with CNV, and eotaxin was usually present but more focally and with less intense staining. Both IP-10 and eotaxin were expressed by neovascular endothelial cells. Both IP-10 and eotaxin were expressed in the neurosensory retina, but there was no detectable difference in staining between eyes with or without AMD. CONCLUSIONS IP-10 and eotaxin may be early biomarkers in AMD. The authors hypothesize that the relative balance between levels of IP-10 and eotaxin is critical in regulating the neovascular response.
XX/XY Sex Chromosomes in the South American Dwarf Gecko (Gonatodes humeralis)

Sex-specific genetic markers identified using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing, or RADseq, permits the recognition of a species' sex chromosome system in cases where standard cytogenetic methods fail. Thus, species with male-specific RAD markers have an XX/XY sex chromosome system (male heterogamety) while species with female-specific RAD markers have a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome (female heterogamety). Here, we use RADseq data from 5 male and 5 female South American dwarf geckos (Gonatodes humeralis) to identify an XX/XY sex chromosome system. This is the first confidently known sex chromosome system in a Gonatodes species. We used a low-coverage de novo G. humeralis genome assembly to design PCR primers to validate the male-specificity of a subset of the sex-specific RADseq markers and describe how even modest genome assemblies can facilitate the design of sex-specific PCR primers in species with diverse sex chromosome systems.
PML3 Orchestrates the Nuclear Dynamics and Function of TIP60*

The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein is a major component to govern the PML nuclear body (NB) assembly and function. Although it is well defined that PML NB is a site recruiting sumoylated proteins, the mechanism by which PML protein regulates the process remains unclear. Here we show that PML3, a specific PML isoform, interacts with and recruits TIP60 to PML NBs. Our biochemical characterization demonstrates that PML3 physically interacts with TIP60 via its N-terminal 364 amino acids. Importantly, this portion of TIP60 is sufficient to target to the PML NBs, suggesting that PML3-TIP60 interaction is sufficient for targeting TIP60 to the NBs. The PML3-TIP60 interaction is specific, since the region of TIP60 binding is not conserved in other PML isoforms. The physical interaction between PML3 and TIP60 protects TIP60 from Mdm2-mediated degradation, suggesting that PML3 competes with MDM2 for binding to TIP60. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis indicates that the PML3-TIP60 interaction modulates the nuclear body distribution and mobility of TIP60. Conversely, the distribution and mobility of TIP60 are perturbed in PML3-deficient cells, accompanied by aberrations in DNA damage-repairing response. Thus, PML3 orchestrates the distribution, dynamics, and function of TIP60. Our findings suggest a novel regulatory mechanism by which the PML3 and TIP60 tumor suppressors cooperate to ensure genomic stability.
The sex peptide of Drosophila melanogaster: Female post-mating responses analyzed by using RNA interference

Mating induces profound changes in female insect behavior and physiology. In Drosophila melanogaster, mating causes a reduction in sexual receptivity and an elevation in egg production for at least 5 days. Injection of the seminal fluid sex peptide (SP) induces both responses in virgin females, but only for 1–2 days. The role of SP in eliciting the responses to mating remains to be elucidated. Functional redundancy between seminal fluid components may occur. In addition, mating with spermless males results in brief (1- to 2-day) post-mating responses, indicating either that there is a “sperm effect” or that sperm act as carriers for SP or other seminal fluid components. Here we used RNA interference to suppress SP expression, to determine whether SP is required to elicit full post-mating responses, the magnitude of responses due to other seminal fluid components, and whether SP accounts for the “sperm effect. ” Receptivity was higher and egg production lower in females mated to SP knock-down males than in controls. Comparison with virgins showed that the responses were brief. SP is therefore required for normal magnitude and persistence of postmating responses. Sperm transfer and use were normal in mates of SP knock-down males, yet their post-mating responses were briefer than after normal matings, and similar to those reported in mates of spermless son-of-tudor males. The prolonged “sperm effect” on female receptivity and egg production is therefore entirely attributable to SP, but sperm are necessary for its occurrence.
Functional annotation of noncoding variants and prioritization of cancer-associated lncRNAs in lung cancer

Multiple computational tools have been widely applied to the detection of coding driver mutations in cancer; however, the prioritization of pathogenic non-coding variants remains a difficult and demanding task. The present study was performed to distinguish non-coding disease-causing mutations from neutral ones, and to prioritize potential cancer-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with a logistic regression model in lung cancer. A logistic regression model was constructed, combining 19,153 disease-associated ClinVar and Human Gene Mutation Database pathogenic variants as the response variable and non-coding features as the predictor variable. Validation of the model was conducted with genome-wide association study (GWAS) diseaseor trait-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and recurrent somatic mutations. High scoring regions were characterized with respect to their distribution in various features and gene classes; potential cancer-associated lncRNA candidates were prioritized, combining the fraction of high-scoring regions and average score predicted by the logistic regression model. H3K79me2 was the most negative factor that contributed to the model, while conserved regions were most positively informative to the model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.89. The model assigned a significantly higher score to GWAS SNPs and recurrent somatic mutations compared with neutral SNPs (mean, 5.9012 vs. 5.5238; P<0.001, Mann-Whitney U test) and non-recurrent mutations (mean, 5.4677 vs. 5.2277, P<0.001, Mann-Whitney U test), respectively. It was observed that regions, including splicing sites and untranslated regions, and gene classes, including cancer genes and cancer-associated lncRNAs, had an increased enrichment of high‐scoring regions. In total, 2,679 cancer-associated lncRNAs were determined and characterized. A total of 104 of these lncRNAs were differentially expressed between lung cancer and normal specimens. The logistic regression model is a useful and efficient scoring system to prioritize non-coding pathogenic variants and lncRNAs, and may provide the basis for detecting non-coding driver lncRNAs in lung cancer.