Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MR-Based Radiomics for Differential Diagnosis between Cystic Pituitary Adenoma and Rathke Cleft Cyst

Background It is often tricky to differentiate cystic pituitary adenoma from Rathke cleft cyst with visual inspection because of similar MRI presentations between them. We aimed to design an MR-based radiomics model for improving differential diagnosis between them. Methods Conventional diagnostic MRI data (T1-,T2-, and postcontrast T1-weighted MR images) were obtained from 215 pathologically confirmed patients (105 cases with cystic pituitary adenoma and the other 110 cases with Rathke cleft cyst) and were divided into training (n = 172) and test sets (n = 43). MRI radiomics features were extracted from the imaging data, and semantic imaging features (n = 15) were visually estimated by two radiologists. Four classifiers were used to construct radiomics models through 5-fold crossvalidation after feature selection with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. An integrated model by combining radiomics and semantic features was further constructed. The diagnostic performance was validated in the test set. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate and compare the performance of the models at the background of diagnostic performance by radiologist. Results In test set, the combined radiomics and semantic model using ANN classifier obtained the best classification performance with an AUC of 0.848 (95% CI: 0.750-0.946), accuracy of 76.7% (95% CI: 64.1-89.4%), sensitivity of 73.9% (95% CI: 56.0-91.9%), and specificity of 80.0% (95% CI: 62.5-97.5%) and performed better than multiparametric model (AUC = 0.792, 95% CI: 0.674-0.910) or semantic model (AUC = 0.823, 95% CI: 0.705-0.941). The two radiologists had an accuracy of 69.8% and 74.4%, respectively, sensitivity of 69.6% and 73.9%, and specificity of 70.0% and 75.0%. Conclusions The MR-based radiomics model had technical feasibility and good diagnostic performance in the differential diagnosis between cystic pituitary adenoma and Rathke cleft cyst.
Effect of the Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Canagliflozin for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Background: The efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in elderly patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains unclear. Methods and Results: In a multicenter, controlled trial, the CANONICAL study, we enrolled 82 HFpEF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥50%) patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) aged ≥65 years, with plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) ≥100 pg/mL or plasma N-terminal pro BNP (NT-proBNP) ≥400 pg/mL or history of HF. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups and were administered either the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin (100 mg/day) for 24 weeks or standard therapy. The primary endpoints were changes in body weight (BW) and BNP concentrations. Mean (±SD) patient age, body mass index, and LVEF were 75.7±6.5 years, 25.0±3.6 kg/m2 and 61.5±7.6%, respectively. At 24 weeks, BW was significantly lower in the canagliflozin than standard therapy group. The extent of BNP reductions at 4 weeks was significantly greater in the canagliflozin than standard therapy group (P<0.05), but at 24 weeks there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusions: In this study, canagliflozin treatment reduced BW, but did not significantly reduce plasma BNP concentrations compared with standard therapy after 24 weeks treatment in T2D patients with HFpEF. Further large-scale randomized studies are needed to conclude the beneficial effects of canagliflozin in T2D patients with HFpEF.
Ratlas-LH: An MRI template of the Lister hooded rat brain with stereotaxic coordinates for neurosurgical implantations

There is currently no brain atlas available to specifically determine stereotaxic coordinates for neurosurgery in Lister hooded rats despite the popularity of this strain for behavioural neuroscience studies in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. We have created a dataset, which we refer to as ‘Ratlas-LH’ (for Lister hooded). Ratlas-LH combines in vivo magnetic resonance images of the brain of young adult male Lister hooded rats with ex vivo micro-computed tomography images of the ex vivo skull, as well as a set of delineations of brain regions, adapted from the Waxholm Space Atlas of the Sprague Dawley Rat Brain. Ratlas-LH was produced with an isotropic resolution of 0.15 mm. It has been labelled in such a way as to provide a stereotaxic coordinate system for the determination of distances relative to the skull landmark of bregma. We have demonstrated that the atlas can be used to determine stereotaxic coordinates to accurately target brain regions in the Lister hooded rat brain. Ratlas-LH is freely available to facilitate neurosurgical procedures in the Lister hooded rat.
Intraarticular STP Radiofrequency for Painful Osteoarthritis in the Knee: A Retrospective Single Center Analysis

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of chronic knee pain, often a debilitating condition that can cause a significant reduction in functional capacity. Radiofrequency is a form of neuromodulation that modulates pain signal transmission and has become progressively more common as a treatment for knee pain. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the efficacy of intraarticular radiofrequency in patients with chronic knee OA pain. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, we included 129 patients undergoing intraarticular pulsed radiofrequency using the Poisson curve for energy distribution (Sluijter-Teixeira Poisson radiofrequency) (STP) from March 2018 to November 2019. Knee osteoarthritis severity was assessed prior to the procedure using the Lequesne Index, classifying patients into six groups based on level of severity. Pain intensity was assessed through a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), and level of patient satisfaction was assessed through a questionnaire. Results In the sample, pain reduction as measured by VAS compared to baseline prior to the procedure was statistically significant immediately following the procedure, at 30 days and at 90 days (p<0.001); this difference was less significant at 180 days (p<0.005). Efficacy in patients with moderate to severe disability was considerably greater than in patients with very severe to extremely severe disability. 57.36% reported that they were very satisfied, 29.46% satisfied, 9.3% neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, 2.33% dissatisfied, and 1.55% very dissatisfied. Conclusion Our results suggest that STP radiofrequency may be a safe and effective procedure for knee OA, able to signiﬁcantly reduce VAS scores at 1 month and 3 months compared to baseline. Based on our results, a key factor to consider when treating knee OA with STP radiofrequency is that it is more effective among patients with a lower level of disability. Due to the retrospective observational study design, prospective longitudinal investigation is required to further support the recommendation of STP radiofrequency for knee OA.
Identification and expression profile of the soil moisture and Ralstonia solanacearum response CYPome in ginger (Zingiber officinale)

Background Cytochrome P450s play crucial roles in various biosynthetic reactions. Ginger (Zingiber officinale), which is often threatened by Ralstonia solanacearum, is the most economically important crop in the family Zingiberaceae. Whether the cytochrome P450 complement (CYPome) significantly responds to this pathogen has remained unclear. Methods Transcriptomic responses to R. solanacearum and soil moisture were analyzed in ginger, and expression profiles of the CYPome were determined based on transcriptome data. Results A total of 821 P450 unigenes with ORFs ≥ 300 bp were identified. Forty percent soil moisture suppressed several key P450 unigenes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, gingerols, and jasmonates, including unigenes encoding flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase, flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase, steroid 22-alpha-hydroxylase, cytochrome P450 family 724 subfamily B polypeptide 1, and allene oxide synthase. Conversely, the expression of P450 unigenes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis and abscisic acid catabolism, encoding ent-kaurene oxidase and abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase, respectively, were promoted by 40% soil moisture. Under R. solanacearum infection, the expression of P450 unigenes involved in the biosynthesis of the above secondary metabolites were changed, but divergent expression patterns were observed under different soil moisture treatments. High moisture repressed expression of genes involved in flavonoid, brassinosteroid, gingerol, and jasmonate biosynthesis, but promoted expression of genes involved in GA anabolism and ABA catabolism. These results suggest possible mechanisms for how high moisture causes elevated susceptibility to R. solanacearum infection.
Transcriptome Profiling of Oocytes at the Germinal Vesicle Stage from Women from Mongolia with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders. Evidence indicates that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. The molecular basis of PCOS is not well understood. Methods Whole-genome RNA sequencing was performed on single oocyte at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage from females with normal ovulation and females with PCOS. All subjects were women from Mongolia undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection in vitro fertilization (ICSI-IVF) who met the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS. Women with normal ovulation who were undergoing ICSI-IVF owing to male factor infertility were recruited as control subjects. Results A total of 1313 differentially expressed genes were found by bio-informatics software in the GV oocytes of PCOS patients and compared with the control group. There were 367 upregulated and 946 downregulated genes (fold change > 2, false discovery rate < 0.01). When compared with the healthy controls, it was shown that the DEGs like VEGF, IGF, FADS1 et al were investigated as potential causes of PCOS oocytes. The DEGs were related to kinase activity, cell proliferation, gene regulation, and the signaling pathways of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Hippo, and ECM-receptor pathway in patients with PCOS. In addition, the interconnected gene co-expression network was constructed by gene bionetwork analysis, indicating that ITGB5, ITGB3, and CAV2 were the core genes in regulating the module expression of DEGs in PCOS. Conclusion RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated DEGs were linked to inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and lipid metabolism in the GV oocytes of women with PCOS. We hypothesize that ITGB5, ITGB3, and CAV2 may be involved in metabolic disorders associated with the different phenotypes of PCOS.
Effects of Selenium Supplement on B Lymphocyte Activity in Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis Rats

Methods 45 healthy and adult female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, EAT model group, and selenium yeast supplement EAT group. The EAT model rats were induced by subcutaneous injection of porcine thyroglobulin and fed with high iodine water. The concentrations of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TGAb, TPOAb, and B cell activating factor (BAFF) were detected in each group by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in thyroid tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. B cells and regulatory B cells (Bregs) ratios in the spleen of rats were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results In contrast with the EAT model group, the levels of serum TSH, TGAB, TPOAb, and BAFF were decreased, while IL-10 expression was increased in thyroid tissue, and Bregs ratio was upregulated in the spleen (all p < 0.05) in the selenium yeast supplement EAT group. Conclusion Selenium yeast supplement could partially attenuate immune imbalance in EAT rats, which may be related to the mechanism of modulating B lymphocyte activity.
Novel integrative rehabilitation system for the upper extremity: Design and usability evaluation

Purpose Design and test the usability of a novel virtual rehabilitation system for bimanual training of gravity supported arms, pronation/supination, grasp strengthening, and finger extension. Methods A robotic rehabilitation table, therapeutic game controllers, and adaptive rehabilitation games were developed. The rehabilitation table lifted/lowered and tilted up/down to modulate gravity loading. Arms movement was measured simultaneously, allowing bilateral training. Therapeutic games adapted through a baseline process. Four healthy adults performed four usability evaluation sessions each, and provided feedback using the USE questionnaire and custom questions. Participant’s game play performance was sampled and analyzed, and system modifications made between sessions. Results Participants played four sessions of about 50 minutes each, with training difficulty gradually increasing. Participants averaged a total of 6,300 arm repetitions, 2,200 grasp counts, and 2,100 finger extensions when adding counts for each upper extremity. USE questionnaire data averaged 5.1/7 rating, indicative of usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction with the system. Subjective feedback on the custom evaluation form was 84% favorable. Conclusions The novel system was well-accepted, induced high repetition counts, and the usability study helped optimize it and achieve satisfaction. Future studies include examining effectiveness of the novel system when training patients acute post-stroke.
Familial Aggregation and Heritability of Myopia: A Local Population Survey in Shanxi, China

Purpose To further determine the roles of environmental and genetic factors in the development of myopia, a comprehensive survey was performed. The guidance for myopia-susceptible people is established which might help prevent or delay the onset and development of myopia. Methods 1,852 students were recruited using the multistage sampling approach from the Gaoping county in Shanxi. The refractive status of students was examined using an autorefractometer, and the refractive status of students' first-degree relatives was collected using a well-designed questionnaire. Family aggregation of myopia was analyzed according to the myopic status of the students (nonmyopic or myopic group). The prevalence and heritability of myopia in students and their first-degree relatives were further explored by subdividing into mild, moderate, and high myopia groups. Significance analysis among each group was performed by the χ2 test using SPSS 25.0 software. Falconer's method was used to calculate the inheritability of myopia. Results A total of 1,852 subjects were recruited in this study, and 1,813 subjects were finally included. The family aggregation of myopia in the myopic student group (34.7%) was significantly higher than that in the nonmyopic group (8.5%). The prevalence of mild, moderate, and high myopia in children (students and siblings) was higher than that in their parents. The rate of high myopia (6.33%) was significantly higher among students with one or both myopic parents than those without myopic parents (3.85%). The heritability of mild, moderate, and high myopia among parents-offspring was 3.72%, 20.47%, and 48.00%, respectively. The heritability of mild, moderate, and high myopia among siblings was 17.50%, 86.09%, and 78.75%, which is significantly higher than that among parents-offspring. In addition to genetic factors, extensive near-work time, higher education pressure, and minimal outdoor activities contribute significantly to mild and moderate myopia. Conclusions Myopia is of high risk due to familial aggregation. Students with a family history of myopia are more likely to have high myopia than those without family history. The occurrence and development of high myopia are affected by both the genetic and environmental factors, which could either weaken or strengthen myopia. Therefore, students with a family history of myopia should pay close attention to their eye health to avoid the occurrence of myopia and the deepening of diopter, which may lead to high myopia and its related complications.
Polycystin-1 is required for insulin-like growth factor 1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy

Cardiac hypertrophy is the result of responses to various physiological or pathological stimuli. Recently, we showed that polycystin-1 participates in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy elicited by pressure overload and mechanical stress. Interestingly, polycystin-1 knockdown does not affect phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, suggesting that the effects of polycystin-1 are stimulus-dependent. In this study, we aimed to identify the role of polycystin-1 in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling in cardiomyocytes. Polycystin-1 knockdown completely blunted IGF-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We then investigated the molecular mechanism underlying this result. We found that polycystin-1 silencing impaired the activation of the IGF-1 receptor, Akt, and ERK1/2 elicited by IGF-1. Remarkably, IGF-1-induced IGF-1 receptor, Akt, and ERK1/2 phosphorylations were restored when protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B was inhibited, suggesting that polycystin-1 knockdown deregulates this phosphatase in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibition also restored IGF-1-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in polycystin-1-deficient cells. Our findings provide the first evidence that polycystin-1 regulates IGF-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through a mechanism involving protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.
RNA kinase CLP1/Cbc regulates meiosis initiation in spermatogenesis

Abstract CLP1, TSEN complex, and VCP are evolutionarily conserved proteins whose mutations are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we have found that they are also involved in germline differentiation. To optimize both quantity and quality in gametes production, germ cells expand themselves through limited mitotic cycles prior to meiosis. Stemming from our previous findings on the correlation between mRNA 3′-processing and meiosis entry, here we identify that the RNA kinase Cbc, the Drosophila member of the highly conserved CLP1 family, is a component of the program regulating the transition from mitosis to meiosis. Using genetic manipulations in Drosophila testis, we demonstrate that nuclear Cbc is required to promote meiosis entry. Combining biochemical and genetic methods, we reveal that Cbc physically and/or genetically intersects with Tsen54 and TER94 (VCP ortholog) in this process. The C-terminal half of Tsen54 is both necessary and sufficient for its binding with Cbc. Further, we illustrate the functional conservation between Cbc and mammalian CLP1 in the assays of subcellular localization and Drosophila fertility. As CLP1, TSEN complex, and VCP have also been identified in neurodegenerations of animal models, a mechanism involving these factors seems to be shared in gametogenesis and neurogenesis.
The association between attachment pattern and depression severity in Thai depressed patients

Objective We aimed to study attachment patterns and their association with depression severity in Thai depressed patients. Method We conducted a descriptive study of depressed participants at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from November 2013 to April 2014. The Thai Short Version of Revised Experience of Close Relationships Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were administered to all participants. We assessed BDI-II scores, classified by attachment patterns, using one-way analyses of variance. The associated factors and predictors of depression severity were analysed by chi-square and logistic regression analyses, respectively. Results A total of 180 participants (75% female; mean age = 45.2 ± 14.3 years) were recruited. Dismissing attachment was the most common pattern in Thai depressed patients (36.1%). Depressed patients with preoccupied attachment demonstrated the highest BDI-II scores. The best predictor of moderate to severe depression severity was preoccupied/fearful attachment (odds ratio = 3.68; 95% confidence interval = 2.05–7.30). Conclusions Anxious attachment was found to be associated with higher depression severity. Preoccupied/fearful attachment was the predictor of moderate to severe depression severity.
Mild Hypothermia Therapy Lowers the Inflammatory Level and Apoptosis Rate of Myocardial Cells of Rats with Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway

Objective To explore the protective effects and mechanism of mild hypothermia treatment in the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Material and Methods. A total of 20 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to 4 groups: the blank control group, sham operation group, ischemia reperfusion group, and mild hypothermia therapy group (each n = 5). Some indexes were detected. In addition, myocardial cell models of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury (OGD) were established. The expression of mRNA IL-6 and TNF-α and the key enzyme levels of apoptosis (cleaved-Caspase-3) and the NLRP3 inflammasome/p53 signaling pathway in the models were determined. Results The expression of serum IL-6 and TNF-α in the mild hypothermia therapy group was significantly lower than that in the ischemia reperfusion group. The mild hypothermia therapy group also showed a significantly lower TUNEL cell count and NLRP3 and p53 phosphorylation levels than the ischemia reperfusion group (all p < 0.05). The in vitro mild hypothermia + OGD group also showed significantly lower mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α and levels of cleaved Caspase-3, NLRP3, and phosphorylated p53 protein than the OGD group (all p < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, mild hypothermia therapy can inhibit the apoptosis and myocardial inflammation of cells induced by MI/R injury in rats and inhibiting the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and p53 signaling pathway may be the mechanism.
Identification of Nephrogenic Therapeutic Biomarkers of Wilms Tumor Using Machine Learning

Wilms tumor is the most common renal malignancy in children, with a survival rate of more than 90%; however, treatment outcomes for certain patient subgroups, such as those with bilateral and recurrent diseases, remain significantly below this survival rate. Therefore, it remains essential to identify new biomarkers and develop effective therapeutic strategies. Based on the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments and Gene Expression Omnibus RNA microarray datasets, we have identified eight differentially expressed genes in Wilms tumors as renal-specific in 33 randomly selected adult tumors. The risk model, constructed using survival forest and multivariate Cox regression, can effectively predict the prognosis; the risk score is an independent prognostic factor in Wilms tumor. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that most of the signature genes were involved in regulating human development-related pathways. At the same time, patients in the high-risk group exhibited more sensitive immunological and chemotherapeutic properties than those in the low-risk group. These results provide new insights into personalized and precise Wilms tumor treatment strategies.