Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics analysis and characteristics of beef in different fattening periods

Abstract Beef quality is influenced by the fattening period. Therefore, meat metabolomics profiles from the different fattening periods (e.g., short-term vs. long-term) were analyzed for identify potential indicators using nuclear magnetic resonance. Additionally, blood, free fatty acid, sensory, and mineral compositions in Korean steers were determined. Blood, free fatty acid, and mineral concentrations showed significant differences between short-term and long-term groups that were fed different diets. However, there were no sensory differences in the two fattening groups. Additionally, the metabolic profiles of meats were clearly separated based on multivariate orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis. Six metabolites of variable importance in the projection plot were identified and showed high sensitivity as candidate markers for meat characteristics. In particular, lactate, carnosine, and creatine could be directly linked to scientific indicators of the fattening stage (31 vs. 28 mo) of meat. Our findings suggest that the metabolomics approach could be a powerful method for the detection of novel signatures underlying the managing period of beef.
PCR-Based Methods with Aspergillosis as a Model

According to the definitions of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC-MSG), invasive fungal diseases (IFD) are classified as proven, probable, and possible IFD. A recent revision of the EORTC-MSG definitions has incorporated (1→3)-β-D-glucan diagnostic tests for mycological evidence of IFD; however, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic techniques are presently absent from the guidelines owing to a lack of standardized methodology. This is in spite of the huge potential of PCR and the fact that such tests have been in use for >15 years. In this review, the current issues associated with PCR-based diagnostic tests ‐ specifically for Aspergillus ‐ including the choice of samples, probes, and platforms, are discussed. Furthermore, the “European Aspergillus PCR Initiative” (EAPCRI), which was set up by the present authors, is described. This initiative aims to establish a standard for Aspergillus PCR that is validated as a screening tool. The Laboratory Working Party of the EAPCRI hopes to complete its work and to propose a standard for Aspergillus DNA extraction and PCR assays by the end of 2008. J Invasive Fungal Infect 2008;2(2):46‐51.
A Comparison of Time to Treatment between an Emergency Department Focused Stroke Protocol and Mobile Stroke Units

Abstract Background: San Francisco (California USA) is a relatively compact city with a population of 884,000 and nine stroke centers within a 47 square mile area. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) transport distances and times are short and there are currently no Mobile Stroke Units (MSUs). Methods: This study evaluated EMS activation to computed tomography (CT [EMS-CT]) and EMS activation to thrombolysis (EMS-TPA) times for acute stroke in the first two years after implementation of an emergency department (ED) focused, direct EMS-to-CT protocol entitled “Mission Protocol” (MP) at a safety net hospital in San Francisco and compared performance to published reports from MSUs. The EMS times were abstracted from ambulance records. Geometric means were calculated for MP data and pooled means were similarly calculated from published MSU data. Results: From July 2017 through June 2019, a total of 423 patients with suspected stroke were evaluated under the MP, and 166 of these patients were either ultimately diagnosed with ischemic stroke or were treated as a stroke but later diagnosed as a stroke mimic. The EMS and treatment time data were available for 134 of these patients with 61 patients (45.5%) receiving thrombolysis, with mean EMS-CT and EMS-TPA times of 41 minutes (95% CI, 39-43) and 63 minutes (95% CI, 57-70), respectively. The pooled estimates for MSUs suggested a mean EMS-CT time of 35 minutes (95% CI, 27-45) and a mean EMS-TPA time of 48 minutes (95% CI, 39-60). The MSUs achieved faster EMS-CT and EMS-TPA times (P <.0001 for each). Conclusions: In a moderate-sized, urban setting with high population density, MP was able to achieve EMS activation to treatment times for stroke thrombolysis that were approximately 15 minutes slower than the published performance of MSUs.
Work fatigue among Lebanese community pharmacists: prevalence and correlates

Objective: To assess work fatigue and its associated factors among community pharmacists in Lebanon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2018. A proportionate sample of 435 community pharmacists was selected from all regions of Lebanon. A standardized self-administered questionnaire, distributed by trained interviewers, was used to assess the studied variables. Results: The results showed that 50.12% of the pharmacists had emotional work fatigue [95%CI 0.454-0.549], 55.01% had mental work fatigue [95%CI 0.503-0.597], and 54.78% had physical work fatigue [95%CI 0.501-0.595]. Higher mental work fatigue was significantly associated with higher stress (Beta=0.185) and having a master’s degree compared to a bachelor’s degree (Beta=2.23). Higher emotional work fatigue was significantly associated with higher stress (Beta=0.219), working more than 40 hours compared to ≤ 16 hours (Beta=2.742), and having 6 months to less than 1 year of practice compared to less than 6 months (Beta=-5.238). Higher physical work fatigue was significantly associated with higher stress (Beta=0.169) and having better soft skills (Beta=-0.163). Conclusions: Work-related fatigue is high among community pharmacists and touches all aspects: physical, mental, and emotional. In our study, community pharmacists’ fatigue levels were associated with educational level, years of experience, working hours, stress, depression, and soft skills, while no relation was found with gender, age, position in the pharmacy, and economic status. Interventions are recommended to tackle this public health problem that affects pharmacists, and eventually, patients.
Quality characteristics of the enhanced beef using winter mushroom juice

Abstract This study investigated the quality properties of enhanced beef, manufactured by injecting the beef with a brine containing winter mushroom juice powder (WMJP). The enhanced beef was manufactured by injecting the eye of round with brine (15% by green weight). Four treatments consisted of control (no injection of brine) and three enhanced beef, EBS (brine containing 5 g sodium chloride per kg beef), EBW 0.2 (brine containing 5 g sodium chloride and 2 g WMJP per kg beef), and EBW 0.5 (brine containing 5 g sodium chloride and 5 g WMJP per kg beef), were tested. The effect of enhancement or WMJP on the quality properties of beef was evaluated during storage at 4°C for 1, 5, and 10 days. Total aerobic bacteria counts between the control and the enhanced beef, and among EBS, EBW 0.2, and EBW 0.5 were not significantly different after any storage period (p > 0.05). The pH of beef was not different between the control and the enhanced beef, and among enhanced beef at 1 and 5 days of storage (p > 0.05). However, it was higher in the enhanced beef than control, and EBW 0.2 and EBW 0.5 had higher pH than EBS after 10 days of storage (p < 0.05). The enhanced beef showed a high total loss at all storage days (p < 0.05). There were no differences in total loss among enhanced beef after any storage period (p > 0.05). The enhanced beef had no consistent differences in L*, a*, and b* values with control during storage, however, EBW 0.5 showed high color stability. The hardness of the enhanced beef was significantly lower than that of the control after 10 days of storage, although the values were lower at all storage stages. EBS 0.5 had the lowest thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value among cooked beef of all treatments at all storage days. The enhanced beef received higher scores in all sensory properties than control, and no negative effect of WMJP was found in the sensory quality of the enhanced beef. The use of winter mushroom juice can result in quality improvement in enhanced beef.
Variation in growth hormone (GH) of gene in exon sequence in three salmon types

We aimed to identify polymorphisms in the coding regions of the Salmo trutta caspius (s. t. caspius) growth hormone gene for comparison of the rate homology between sequences cited regards salmonids, because the variation between sequences of exons is very important at finally can change in the rate of expression of gene growth hormone, however this gene identified by marker genetics in salmonids, and in those of Salmo salar (s. salar) and salmo trutta (s. trutta). This single copy nuclear gene contains six exons, that the length of the exon fragments almost 1900 base pairs between nucleotide 35 and 1907. In s. t. caspius. Selective PCR reaction, and sequenced the products, that including fragments of from first to end of the GH gene. We also describe a novel polymorphism of the six exons fragment, these fragments indicated for studies regards evolution of fish GH genes, phylogeny of fishes, and genetic selection. The segments of GH exon were analyzed by DNAMAN program genetics. The results are shown, there were almost 90%, homology between the first three exons of S. t. caspius and S. salar accession number (AY614002.1) Regards other Salmons; S. salar (Accession number, M21573.1) and Rainbow trout there weren’t any homology, exon fragments second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth, the homology were high (almost 90-95 %), however between fragments of salmons, the rate of homology were high but the length of fragments between salmons were different. The length of fragments in s. salar more than other salmons including R. trout and S. t. caspius.
Structural Characterization of Arg322Gln Mutation in Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Protein

Fat mass and obesity associated gene has shown a strong association with adiposity in children and adults during several Genome Wide Association studies. It encodes an enzyme which catalyzes demethylation of single stranded DNA by using 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) as a co-substrate. A mutation in the N terminal of the enzyme encodes a glutamine in place of the arginine residue at position 322, which results in a complete disruption of protein function. Sequence analysis Arg322 is a highly conserved amino acid in the Fat mass obesity associated protein in animals. Homology modeling analysis reveals that 2-OG binding site of the enzyme which comprises various amino acids including Arg322. Molecular docking studies showed that Gln322 was unable to develop the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction with the 2-OG. These interactions are important for extending the 2-OG to make its bonds more accessible to other amino acids. This study indicates that Arg322 is one of the most conserved amino acid in FTO protein which is directly involved in the catalysis of the 2-OG to succinate and CO2.
IMMUNOMETRIC METHODS OF ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR DETERMINING THE ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES OF COW MILK PROTEINS AND THEIR HYDROLYSATES

Milk is a common and inexpensive source of proteins which are the basis of the production of modified formulas for human nutrition of patients suffering from allergies, phenylketonuria, liver diseases and as a protein supplement in energetic drinks, geriatric products, sport nutrition and weight-control diets. The paradox is that almost all milk proteins are allergenic, so their structure should be modified by technological treatment. The degree of modification is usually determined by immunometric methods. In this paper, three of these methods: dot-immunobinding, immunoblotting, and ELISA are described.
The flow of cytometry into systems

Biomedical research is evolving to address biological systems as molecular pathways integrated into complex networks. Tools for molecular and cell analysis are also evolving to address the new challenges and opportunities of this approach. Flow cytometry is a versatile analytical platform, capable of high speed quantitative measurements of cells and other particles. These capabilities are being exploited and extended in a range of new applications stemming from opportunities presented by the advances of genomics, proteomics and systems biology, which are in turn impacting clinical diagnosis, vaccine development and drug discovery. In this review, we highlight some of these advances and consider the future evolution of flow cytometry technology.
New species and new combinations in Micromeria (Lamiaceae) from the Canary Islands and Madeira

Based on recent molecular evidence, one new species and one new subspecies of Micromeria are described for the Canary Islands: M. pedro-luisii and M. hierrensis subsp. incana. Six new combinations are proposed: M. canariensis , M. canariensis subsp. meridialis , M. gomerensis , M. rupestris, M. herpyllomorpha subsp. palmensis, and M. hierrensis . Three new hybrids are described for La Gomera: M. lepida subsp. bolleana × M. gomerensis , M. lepida subsp. bolleana × M. pedro-luisii , and M. lepida subsp. lepida × M. pedro-luisii . A new name is also given to the taxon from Madeira: M. maderensis. A revised key to the species present in the Canary archipelago is provided.
Reconsidering evidence for Mnemiopsis invasion in European waters: reply

In their comment, Gorokhova and Lehtiniemi (Gorokhova and Lehtiniemi, 2010) raise doubts about the accuracy of the taxonomic identification of Mnemiopsis leidyi which has recently invaded the Baltic Sea. They question the conclusions of Javidpour et al. (Javidpour et al., 2009) that the observed feeding of adult M. leidyi on tentaculate ctenophore larvae indicates cannibalism, because the prey might also be larvae of other ctenophore species. We agree that morphotaxonomic distinction of M. leidyi-larvae from some other ctenophores species is difficult and molecular assays should be considered as a helpful tool besides taxonomic keys. The importance of molecular evidence has recently been emphasized for wider plankton studies by McManus and Katz (McManus and Katz, 2009). When we first observed the occurrence of M. leidyi in the Baltic Sea, we confirmed the morphological taxonomic identification by …
Purification and Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by Isolated Strain of Lactococcus lactis

2 Abstract: A bacteriocin-producing Lactococcus l actis isolated previously from traditional food. The bacteriocin termed nisin was purified to h omogeneity by two-steps purification procedures including 70 % ammonium sulphate precipitation and cation exchange chromatography (D EAE cellulose). U sing this procedure resulted in about 47.2 fold increase in specific activity and a recovery 2 6.4% of ac tivity. The sp ecific act ivity obtained was 9,917IU/mg when compared with t he b atch f ermentation wi thout recovery (2,105IU/mg). This bacteriocin has a bactericidal mode of action towards the tested spoilage and pathogenic strains. The Amino acid sequence determined for purified isolated strain exhibited high levels of similarity to t he sequence of the reference s train. Results indicated ex cess of aspartic a cid, valine, serine, p roline and a deficiency o f histid ine, glyc ine, ala nine, l eucine, i soleucine in the isolated strain compared to the reference. NMR analysis revealed the presence of unsaturated amino acids dehydroalanine {DHA} an d dehy drobutyrine {DHB}. Key word: Bacteriocins, Lactococcus la ctis, nisin, bacteriocin purification
Duportella lassa sp. nov. from Northeast Asia

Duportella lassa is described based on 15 collections from East Siberia and Russian Far East. The new species is characterized by its monomitic hyphal structure, browncolored lamprocystidia, and habit on dead branches (both attached and recently fallen) of angiosperm trees and shrubs.
Lysine Needs of Starting Chicks and Subsequent Effects During the Growing Period

Abstract The lysine requirement for broiler chicks has been studied extensively. Many factors, such as protein quality, experimental conditions, dietary nutrients, and genetic strain, affect lysine needs of chicks. Because lysine increases protein synthesis and decreases protein degradation in chicks, its requirement may vary as meat-type broiler genetics are improved. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate lysine needs in the starter period in a slow maturing commercial broiler (Ross × Ross 508) and to monitor subsequent effects of lysine level on quantities of salable meat. Lysine-deficient diets (0.88% total lysine or 80% of 1994 NRC specifications) were created by blending corn, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, wheat middlings, poultry fat, and crystalline amino acids. Dietary treatments represented graduations of lysine from 80 to 130% of NRC recommendations in 10% increments from Days 1 to 18. All broilers received a common diet from Days 19 to 41 and Days 19 to 42 in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Quadratic response curves were fitted to growth performance criteria of chicks. Broilers fed lysine levels below NRC specifications as chicks had reduced growth and carcass attributes at Day 41. The lysine level required (95% of the upper asymptote) for chick growth responses was 107% (1.18% total lysine of diet or 1.07% digestible lysine of diet) to 111% (1.22% total lysine of diet or 1.11% digestible lysine of diet) of NRC recommendations.
Volatiles released from foliar extract of host plant enhance landing rates of gravid Polygonia c‐album females, but do not stimulate oviposition

The role of olfactory cues for host search is much less investigated in day‐active butterflies than in their relatives, the nocturnal moths. The goal of this study was to investigate whether host‐plant volatiles from foliar extracts of hop, Humulus lupulus L. (Cannabaceae), evoke electroantennographic (EAG) responses, increase landing rates, and stimulate egg‐laying behavior of gravid Polygonia c‐album L. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) females. Eighty‐nine volatile compounds were detected in a non‐concentrated methanol extract of hop by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, 11 of which elicited an EAG response. Concentration of the crude extract significantly reduced landing rates on artificial leaves treated with the sample due to loss of volatile compounds, but after landing the oviposition response of gravid females was not affected. A mixture of eight commercially available EAG‐active volatiles increased the landing rate of gravid females to their source but did not act as oviposition stimulants. Dividing the volatile compounds into two groups – consisting of (1) hexanal, (E)‐2‐hexenal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal, and (2) sulcatone, humulene, and benzyl alcohol – obliterated effectiveness, revealing synergism between compounds. Although volatiles did not stimulate oviposition, they significantly contributed to the distribution of eggs by increasing the landing rates on treated artificial leaves.
Tolerance of tepary and navy beans to NaCl during germination and emergence

Seeds of two tepary bean line (Phaseolus acutifolius Gray var. latifolius) and one navy bean cultivar (P. vulgaris L. Fleetwood') were tested with 0.0-, −0.3-, −0.6, −0.9, −1.2-, or −1.5-MPa NaCl solutions to determine their relative salt tolerance during germination and emergence. Developmental stage was not affected at −0.3 MPa, but with salinities more negative than −0.9 MPa, Fleetwood' developed more slowly than the tepary lines; no plants emerged at −1.5 MPa. Teparies tended to maintain higher water and osmotic potentials than navy over the range of NaCl concentrations used, although turgor was similar for all three genotypes (.)
Modelling the potential distribution of endangered, endemic 'Hibiscus brackenridgei' on Oahu to assess the impacts of climate change and prioritize conservation efforts

In the Hawaiian dry forest, 45% of all tropical dry forest trees and shrubs are on the federal threatened and endangered species list. Research is needed to understand the current range of these endangered species, the factors that affect their current and future distributions, and ultimately, identify areas where the most successful restoration can be undertaken. This research uses species distribution modelling to predict the potential range of Hibiscus brackenridgei, the state flower of Hawaii and a federally endangered species found on Oahu. We used presence data and the modelling algorithm Maxent to model the current potential distribution of H. brackenridgei, identify climate and environmental variables that influence the species' distribution, and model the species' predicted future distribution based on a range of projected climate change scenarios. Statistical analysis suggests that the Maxent models accurately predict the species' distribution, and therefore, may be useful for conservation management. Comparing the current model with the future models of changes for 2060-2089, changes in the potential niche of H. brackenridgei only range by -4% to 14%. This suggests that the predicted changes in climate, under both low (B2a) and high (A2a) SRES (Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) global emissions scenarios, may not significantly impact the future distribution of H. brackenridgei on Oahu. We identified a total of 115 km2 of very highly (>/= 0.70) and highly (>/= 0.50) suitable habitat which represents potential areas where restoration projects could be implemented. This research suggests that threats like habitat loss, fire, invasive species, and grazing may be more important than climate for the future conservation of Hawaiian dry forest species.
Comparison of two different breeding systems laying hens in relation to egg damage and dirty, I

The aim of work was to follow up and statistically evaluate the damage and dirty eggs and egg weight, depending on two different breeding systems and different ages of laying hens. Object of investigation were table eggs, their damage and dirty in the laying hens of the final hybrid ISA Brown reared in enriched cage system, and the free range system. In both rearing systems were ensured the conditions for laying hens in accordance with legislation establishing minimum standards for the laying hens minimum standards for the protection of laying hens, protection of animals kept for farming purposes in accordance with the principles of the so-called five freedoms. That was used to feed a complete feed mixture HYD 10 in both breeding systems. The feeders were supplemented with feed by hand every day and the same day were supplemented water to drinking troughs. Egg collection was hand in both breeding systems. This paper is a contribution to the solution of optimal breeding hens and production of high quality and safe of table eggs. Based on the results was formulated conclusion, which shows that to the damage and dirty eggs are not affected by the age of the breeding system and age of laying hens. Statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in the egg weight was observed between breeding cage system and breeding free range system and between age 30 and 40 weeks of laying hens.