Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the impact of TROPOMI and OMI tropospheric NO2 on global chemical data assimilation

Abstract. This study gives a systematic comparison of the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) version 1.2 and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) QA4ECV tropospheric NO2 column through global chemical data assimilation (DA) integration for the period April−May 2018. DA performance is controlled by measurement sensitivities, retrieval errors, and coverage. The smaller mean relative observation errors by 16 % in TROPOMI than OMI over 60° N−60° S during April−May 2018 led to larger reductions in the global root mean square error (RMSE) against the assimilated NO2 measurements in TROPOMI DA (by 54 %) than in OMI DA (by 38 %). Agreements against the independent surface, aircraft-campaign, and ozonesonde observation data were also improved by TROPOMI DA compared to the control model simulation (by 12−84 % for NO2 and by 7−40 % for ozone), which were more obvious than those by OMI DA for many cases (by 2−70 % for NO2 and by 1−22 % for ozone). The estimated global total NOx emissions were 15 % lower in TROPOMI DA, with 2−23 % smaller regional total emissions, in line with the observed negative bias of the TROPOMI version 1.2 product compared to the OMI QA4ECV product. TROPOMI DA can provide city scale emission estimates, which were within 10 % differences with other high-resolution analyses for several limited areas, while providing a globally consistent analysis. These results demonstrate that TROPOMI DA improves global analyses of NO2 and ozone, which would also benefit studies on detailed spatial and temporal variations in ozone and nitrate aerosols and the evaluation of bottom-up NOx emission inventories.
Prediction of vibroacoustic excitation due to the timing chains of reciprocating engines

Abstract Timing drive systems of recent passenger car engines are usually equipped with chain or synchronous belt drives. The comparatively low stiffness of chains and belts, combined with the large moments of inertia, resulting from moving parts of camshafts and valvetrains, lead to natural frequencies in the frequency range between 80 and 250 Hz for the entire timing drive [1]. Obviously, engine orders dominating the noise excitation are in the same frequency range, and resonance effects cannot be avoided. Furthermore, a guarantee is requested that occurring vibration amplitudes do not exceed acceptable limits. Hence, the predicted results of the primary dynamics of the timing drive are key data for the design analysis of a combustion engine. Besides the low frequency range excitation determined by main engine orders, higher-order structure-borne noise excitation is gaining more importance. This is particularly true for chain-driven systems where specific effects lead to considerable excitation of the engine structure in a higher frequency range (typical whine noise). The excitations are caused by the polygon effect, meshing impacts between chain links and sprockets and impacts in the engagement and disengagement between chain, sprockets and guides. This paper presents a comprehensive multi-body dynamics (MBD) model and the relevant simulation environment, which takes into account the entire timing drive as a fully coupled system. While simple MBD models (e.g. longitudinal span representation) are sufficient for the prediction of the primary dynamics of the timing drive, usually the analysis of higher-frequency dynamics and structural excitation requires a high degree of discretization of drive components to ensure a high-quality representation of the physical behaviour. This leads to a discrete model of chains and belts. Each link or tooth is taken into account separately by its mass properties, viscoelastic characteristics and by its contacts to sprockets, pulleys and guides. This paper describes the mathematical modelling of relevant engine components and the relevant interaction of different force elements. In particular, the consideration of the elastic contact between bodies represented by their real surface shapes is outlined. Finally, simulation results and their comparison with experimental data are presented for a chain-driven system, with discussion of low-frequency primary dynamics and higher-frequency structural excitation. Discrete models have also been developed for timing belts, but their verification with measurements is not completely finished. Hence, this paper only gives an overview of modelling issues.
The Role of Whole Exome Sequencing in Distinguishing Primary and Secondary Lung Cancers

Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that presents with multiple lung tumors (MLTs) poses a challenge to accurate staging and prognosis. MLTs that arise as clonally related secondary metastases from a common primary are higher stage and often require adjuvant chemotherapy or may in fact be incurable stage IV lesions. Conversely, MLTs that represent distinct primaries have a better prognosis and may be overtreated if inappropriately classified as related secondaries. Historically, pathologic and radiographic criteria were used to distinguish between primary and secondary MLTs; however, the advent of genomic profiling has demonstrated limitations to these historic classification systems. In this review, we discuss the use of molecular profiling to distinguish between primary and secondary lung cancers, with a focus on the insights gleaned from whole exome sequencing (WES) analyses. While WES is not yet feasible in routine clinical practice, WES studies have helped elucidate the clonal relationship between primary and secondary lung cancers and provide important context for the application of targeted sequencing panel-based analyses.
Representasi Gerakan Politik Identitas Islam dalam Film “Sepanjang Jalan Satu Arah”

Film merefleksikan keadaan sosial politik dalam dinamika kehidupan masyarakat, salah satunya melalui bentuk pendekatan representasi. Salah satu bentuk pendekatan yang biasa digunakan adalah pendekatan konstruksionis, dari bentuk ini film mampu membahasakan pemikiran sineasnya serta membawa realitas melalui layarnya dengan mengubah dan membentuk realitas tersebut berdasarkan kode-kode, konvensi-konvensi, dan ideologi dari kebudayaannya. Bentuk tersebut diaplikasikan melalui film yang menjadi objek penelitian ini, film yang berjudul “Sepanjang Jalan Satu Arah (Along the One Way)” yang membahas pergolakan gerakan Politik Identitas dalam Pilkada Surakarta 2015. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes dengan konsep pemaknaan tandanya (denotatif, konotatif, mitos). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui representasi gerakan politik identitas yang berlangsung selama kontestasi Pilkada Surakarta tahun 2015. Representasi tersebut dianalisis melalui proses pemaknaan teks-teks yang tercipta dalam film ini, di antaranya unsur naratif (dialog, penokohan dan alur) serta unsur sinematiknya (mise-en-scene). Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa film ini merepresentasikan gerakan politik identitas sebagai gerakan yang ‘taat’ dalam bentuk identifikasi dirinya (simbolik dan ritual), memobilisasi massa dengan retorika ‘relijius’-nya, serta menggunakan sarana ibadah sebagai pemenuhan proses politiknya.
Chondrocyte cell adhesion on chitosan supports using single-cell atomic force microscopy

Abstract In this work, functional scaffolds based on electrospun chitosan nanofibers are unprecedentedly studied in terms of their force cell adhesion response. To prove cell compatibility of this biomaterial, chondrocyte interactions are investigated using atomic force microscopy in which a single cell is fixed to the cantilever and approached to the chitosan mat for a given contact time. Then, the cantilever is retracted and cell interactions are studied. Force jumps distribution for cell detachment is described and the adhesion energy is determined comparing nanofiber mats with homogeneous films and a BSA coated surface as control. Force adhesion on chitosan films, equals 460 ± 150 pN, is found slightly higher than on porous fiber mats (410 ± 135 pN) indicating that more cell-substrate bonds could be formed on a flat contact surface for a contact time of 60 s. The same trend was observed for a contact of 120 s between the cell and the substrate. The adhesion on hydrophilic chitosan surface at t = 60 s, is much larger than on the control surface (210 ± 90 pN) due to its positive character and ability for H-bond stabilization.
Architectures and components for high power CW fiber lasers

High power fiber lasers are gaining increasing shares in the laser material processing market due to their many advantages over gas and solid-state lasers. The design approaches for the typical architectures used in continuous emission fiber lasers are revised and the impact of the different choices on the specifications of the cavity components are analyzed. Then, some results on the fabrication of key components for an all-fiber setup, such as pump (PCs) and signal combiners (SCs), are reported. Finally, an example of a high power module, suitable for the development of an over 4 kW system is presented.
A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ENVELOPE IMPEDANCE ON TIME DOMAIN MEASUREMENT SYSTEM INTERMODULATION ASMMMETRY USING A TWO-TONE

An error corrected two-tone time domain measurement system has been developed and combined with a low frequency active source and load-pull system to investigate the effects of all impedance terminations, IF and RF, on the linearity and ,efficiency of power transistors. Measured data is presented on a HBT biased in class B stimulated by a two-tone signal while actively load pulling the low frequency IF component.
Semi-physical simulation test for micro CMOS star sensor

A designed star sensor must be extensively tested before launching. Testing star sensor requires complicated process with much time and resources input. Even observing sky on the ground is a challenging and time-consuming job, requiring complicated and expensive equipments, suitable time and location, and prone to be interfered by weather. And moreover, not all stars distributed on the sky can be observed by this testing method. Semi-physical simulation in laboratory reduces the testing cost and helps to debug, analyze and evaluate the star sensor system while developing the model. The test system is composed of optical platform, star field simulator, star field simulator computer, star sensor and the central data processing computer. The test system simulates the starlight with high accuracy and good parallelism, and creates static or dynamic image in FOV (Field of View). The conditions of the test are close to observing real sky. With this system, the test of a micro star tracker designed by Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics has been performed successfully. Some indices including full-sky autonomous star identification time, attitude update frequency and attitude precision etc. meet design requirement of the star sensor. Error source of the testing system is also analyzed. It is concluded that the testing system is cost-saving, efficient, and contributes to optimizing the embed arithmetic, shortening the development cycle and improving engineering design processes.
A Hybrid Neural Network for Prediction of Surface Roughness in Machining

Surface roughness is an important outcome in the machining process and it plays a major role in the manufacturing system. Prediction of surface roughness has been a challenge to researchers because it is impacted by different machining parameters and the inherent uncertainties in the machining process. Prediction of surface roughness will benefit the manufacturing process to be more productive and competitive at the same time to reduce any pre-processing of the machined workpiece in order to meet the technical specifications. In this study, a hybrid GA-LM ANN is proposed for the prediction of surface roughness during roughing process in turning operation. To verify the performance of the proposed approach, the results are compared with the results obtained by training an ANN using GA or LM. The results have shown that the hybrid ANN outperformed the other two algorithms.
Modelling and PID Control of a Quadrotor Aerial Robot

This paper elucidates the modeling of a + quadrotor configuration aerial vehicle and the design of its attitude and altitude controllers. The aircraft model consists of four fixed pitch angle propeller, each driven by an electric DC motor. The hovering flight of the quadrotor is governed by the Newton-Euler formulation. The attitude and altitude controls of the aircraft were regulated using heuristically tuned (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) PID controller. It was numerically simulated via Simulink that a PID controller was sufficient to bring the aircraft to the required altitude whereas the attitude of the vehicle is adequately controlled by a PD controller.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Sexual Disparities between Olfactory and Immune Gene Expression in the Olfactory Epithelium of Megalobrama amblycephala

The olfactory organ is an important chemoreceptor in vertebrates. However, the sexual disparities in gene expression patterns in the olfactory organ in fish remain unstudied. Here, we conducted a transcriptome analysis of the olfactory epithelium (OE) of male and female blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) to identify the differences. The histological analysis showed that there were 22 leaf-like olfactory lamellaes on one side of the OE of the adult blunt snout bream. The sensory area of OE is enriched with ciliated receptor cells and microvilli receptor cells. The transcriptome analysis showed that only 10 out of 336 olfactory receptor genes (224 ORs, 5 V1Rs, 55 V2Rs, and 52 TAARs) exhibited significant expression differences between males and females, and most of the differentially expressed genes were related to the immune system. We also validated these results using qPCR: 10 OR genes and 6 immunity-related genes significantly differed between males and females. The FISH analysis results indicated that the ORs were mainly expressed at the edge of the olfactory lamellae. Collectively, our study reveals that gender is not an important factor influencing the expression of olfactory receptors, but the expression of immune genes varies greatly between the genders in blunt snout bream.
IMPLICIT FAULT TOLERANT CONTROL: APPLICATION TO INDUCTION MOTORS

Abstract In this paper we propose an innovative way of dealing with the design of fault tolerant control systems. We show how the nonlinear output regulation theory can be successfully adopted in order to design a regulator able to offset the effect of all the possible faults which can occur and, so doing, also to detect and isolate the occurred fault. The regulator is designed by embedding the (possible nonlinear) internal model of the fault. This idea is then applied to the design of a fault tolerant controller for induction motors in presence of both electrical and mechanical faults. Copyright © IFAC 2002
Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of PRKACA L206R Mutant Cortisol-Producing Adenomas in Korean Patients

Background An activating mutation (c.617A>C/p.Lys206Arg, L206R) in protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha (PRKACA) has been reported in 35% to 65% of cases of cortisol-producing adenomas (CPAs). We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and transcriptome analysis between PRKACA L206R mutants and wild-type CPAs in Korea. Methods We included 57 subjects with CPAs who underwent adrenalectomy at Seoul National University Hospital. Sanger sequencing for PRKACA was conducted in 57 CPA tumor tissues. RNA sequencing was performed in 13 fresh-frozen tumor tissues. Results The prevalence of the PRKACA L206R mutation was 51% (29/57). The mean age of the study subjects was 42±12 years, and 87.7% (50/57) of the patients were female. Subjects with PRKACA L206R mutant CPAs showed smaller adenoma size (3.3±0.7 cm vs. 3.8±1.2 cm, P=0.059) and lower dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels (218±180 ng/mL vs. 1,511±3,307 ng/mL, P=0.001) than those with PRKACA wild-type CPAs. Transcriptome profiling identified 244 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PRKACA L206R mutant (n=8) and wild-type CPAs (n=5), including five upregulated and 239 downregulated genes in PRKACA L206R mutant CPAs (|fold change| ≥2, P<0.05). Among the upstream regulators of DEGs, CTNNB1 was the most significant transcription regulator. In several pathway analyses, the Wnt signaling pathway was downregulated and the steroid biosynthesis pathway was upregulated in PRKACA mutants. Protein-protein interaction analysis also showed that PRKACA downregulates Wnt signaling and upregulates steroid biosynthesis. Conclusion The PRKACA L206R mutation in CPAs causes high hormonal activity with a limited proliferative capacity, as supported by transcriptome profiling.
Identification of MATN3 as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer through Comprehensive TCGA and GEO Data Mining

Gastric cancer (GC) is still a vital malignant cancer across the world with unsatisfactory prognostic results. Matrilin-3 (MATN3) is a member of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein family. The present research intends to explore the expression level of MATN3 in patients with GC and to explore the prognosis significance of MATN3. In this study, we observed that the MATN3 expression was remarkably upregulated in GC samples in contrast to noncancer samples. Clinical analyses unveiled that high MATN3 expression was related to age, tumor status, and clinical stages. Survival analyses unveiled that patients with high MATN3 expression displayed a poorer overall survival and progression-free survival than those with low MATN3 expression. The AUC of the relevant ROC curve for 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years of survival is 0.571, 0.596, and 0.720, separately. Multivariate assays revealed that MATN3 expression and stage were independent predictors of poor prognosis of GC patients. A meta-analysis unveiled that high MATN3 expression was tightly associated with better overall survival. Overall, our data indicated that MATN3 may have a diagnostic and prognostic value for patients with advanced gastric cancer and assist to improve clinical outcomes for GC patients.
APPLICATIONS OF LAYERED THEORY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS

Unbound granular materials used in untreated base/s ub-base layers, exhibit nonlinear behavior under re peated wheel loads. The properties of the granular materials play a signifi cant role in the performance of these pavements. Th erefore, accurate modelling of the granular layers is essential in the evaluation of critical pavement responses under the applicatio n of loads, these materials exhibit stress dependent characteristics. Thus, considerati on of non-linearity in these layers is necessary fo r accurate estimation of the pavement responses of a flexible pavement structure . The pavement responses are computed using Kenlaye r computer program developed by Huang. Using the Kenlayer program, thi s paper examines the effect of nonlinearity in gran ular on critical pavement responses by conducting parametric analysis. The re sults indicate that the consideration of nonlineari ty yields 23.13% reduction in tensile strains at the bottom of bituminous layers and 0.76% increase in compressive strains on the to p of the sub grade layers and same surface deflections compared to the value obta ined using linear elastic analysis. This indicates that nonlinear analysis is more realistic and accurate.
Genetic Diversity of Orobanche cumana Populations in Serbia

In this study, we report genetic characterization of Orobanche cumana, the causal agent of sunflower wilting in Serbia. The genetic diversity of this parasitic plant in Serbia was not studied before. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and partial rbcL gene sequences analysis were used to characterize the O. cumana populations at the molecular level. While phylogenetic analyses of RAPD-PCR amplicons were performed using unweighted pair-group Method analyses, rbcL gene sequences were analyzed using neigbor joining method and minimum spanning tree. Molecular analyses of RAPD-PCR analysis revealed high genetic diversity of O. cumana populations which indicated high adaptive potential of this parasitic weed in Serbia. Further analyses of rbcL gene using minimum spanning tree revealed clear differences among diverse sections of Orobanche genus. Although this molecular marker lacked the resolution to display intrapopulation diversity it could be a useful tool for understanding the evolution of this parasitic plant. Our results suggested that O. cumana has great genetic potential which can lead to differentiation of more virulent races which is important for determining crop breeding strategies for their control.
Planar UWB antenna with modified slotted ground plane

A compact coplanar waveguide‐fed (CPW) monopole antenna for ultra‐wideband wireless communication is presented. The proposed antenna comprises of a CPW‐fed beveled rectangular patch with a modified slotted ground. The overall size of the antenna is 30 mm × 27 mm × 1.6 mm. The lower edge of the band is attained by properly decoupling the resonant frequencies due to the extended ground plane and the beveled rectangular patch of the antenna. The upper edge of the radiating band is enhanced by beveling the ground plane corners near the feed point. Experimental results show that the designed antenna operates in the 2.7–12 GHz band, for S11 ≤ −10 dB with a gain of 2.7–5 dBi. Both the frequency domain and time domain characteristics of the antenna are investigated using antenna transfer function. It is observed that the antenna exhibits identical radiation patterns and reasonable transient characteristics over the entire operating band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012.
The perception of languages by Italian native speakers

This essay showcases the results of a survey conducted on a sample of Italian speakers which focused on their perception of languages. The research, carried out in the second half of 2019, has enabled corroborating the initial hypothesis about the existence of preconceptions and stereotypes associated with the perception of foreign languages and cultures (Elman & McClelland 1986) by Italian people. In particular, a questionnaire was used to clarify which adjectives are commonly associated with selected foreign languages, in order to identify certain trends and stereotypes. The survey is based on ethnolinguistic and language education studies (Cardona 2006), and was performed through data collection techniques used in ethnography and sociolinguistics (Tagliamonte 2006).
Tail-injected divide-by-4 quadrature injection locked frequency divider

This article presents a divide-by-4 quadrature injection locked frequency divider (ILFD) employing tunable active inductors (TAIs), which are used to extend the locking range and to reduce die area. The CMOS ILFD is based on a quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) with NMOS cross-coupled switching pairs, two tail MOSFETs and TAI-C tanks, and was fabricated in the 0.35 μm 2P4M CMOS technology. The divide-by-4 LC-tank ILFD is performed by injecting an external signal to the common gate of tail MOSFETs of two coupled VCOs. Measurement results show that at the supply voltage of 2.3 V, the divider free-running frequency is tunable from 0.36 to 1.51 GHz, and at the incident power of 0 dBm the locking range is about 4.6 GHz, from the incident frequency 1.44–6.04 GHz. The core power consumption is 29.37 mW. The die area is 0.976 × 0.812 mm2.