Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-paraphrase Augmentation to Leverage Neural Caption Translation

Paraphrasing has been proven to improve translation quality in machine translation (MT) and has been widely studied alongside with the development of statistical MT (SMT). In this paper, we investigate and utilize neural paraphrasing to improve translation quality in neural MT (NMT), which has not yet been much explored. Our first contribution is to propose a new way of creating a multi-paraphrase corpus through visual description. After that, we also proposed to construct neural paraphrase models which initiate expert models and utilize them to leverage NMT. Here, we diffuse the image information by using image-based paraphrasing without using the image itself. Our proposed image-based multi-paraphrase augmentation strategies showed improvement against a vanilla NMT baseline.
USING FMRI Investigating the neural correlates of flow experiences using fMRI

The flow, an experience of complete absorption in a task, is not well understood in terms of neural mechanisms; however, it would be crucial to understand how it is said to lead to better performance and happiness. Because self-reported questionnaires assess a-posteriori subjective measures, we tried to find a stable neuromarker of the flow state using functional magnetic resonance imaging. First, we conducted a pilot study in which we successfully induced two different flow levels in our participants by manipulating the challenge of the video games they played. Second, we replicated Rosenberg’s & al. (2016) study to identify functional brain networks from a sustained attention task data and rest data whose connectivity strength would predict individual attentional performance. However, when tested on novel individuals, the models were not robust and led to mixed results. Finally, the analysis tested on the flow state led to non-predictive models and we failed to find a stable neuromarker of this state. 11 INVESTIGATING THE NEURAL CORRELATES OF FLOW EXPERIENCES USING FMRI
Isolation and characterization of a Solanum tuberosum subtilisin-like protein with caspase-3 activity ( St SBTc-3 )

Plant proteases with caspase-like enzymatic activity have been widely studied during the last decade. Previously, we have reported the presence and induction of caspase-3 like activity in the apoplast of potato leaves during Solanum tuberosumPhytophthora infestans interaction. In this work we have purified and identified a potato extracellular protease with caspase-3 like enzymatic activity from potato leaves infected with P. infestans. Results obtained from the size exclusion chromatography show that the isolated protease is a monomeric enzyme with an estimated molecular weight of 70 kDa approximately. Purified protease was analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS, showing a 100% of sequence identity with the deduced amino acid sequence of a putative subtilisin-like protease from S. tuberosum (Solgenomics protein ID: PGSC0003DMP400018521). For this reason the isolated protease was named as StSBTc-3. This report constitutes the first evidence of isolation and identification of a plant subtilisin-like protease with caspase-3 like enzymatic activity. In order to elucidate the possible function of StSBTc-3 during plant pathogen interaction, we demonstrate that like animal caspase-3, StSBTc-3 is able to produce in vitro cytoplasm shrinkage in plant cells and to induce plant cell death. This result suggest that, StSBTc-3 could exert a caspase executer function during potatoP. infestans interaction, resulting in the restriction of the pathogen spread during plantepathogen interaction. © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Influence of Microstructure on Mechanical Behavior of Bi-Containing Pb-Free Solders

SAC-Bi and Sn-Ag-Bi alloys have demonstrated superior performance in thermal cycling reliability tests of printed circuit boards, such as the National Center for Manufacturing Sciences programs in the 1990’s and the JCAA-JGPP program of the early 2000’s. They have not been widely used in electronics manufacturing despite these promising results due to their Bi content, which has raised concerns for the potential of forming the low-melting point Sn-Pb-Bi eutectic phase (Tm 96 °C) in mixed SnPb-Pb-free soldering. The recently concluded (December 2011) NASA-DoD program Phase II follow-on to JCAAJGPP revived the possible use of Bi-containing alloys with the recommendation that lower reflow temperatures for ternary Sn-Ag-Bi and quaternary SAC-Bi could reduce potential for pad cratering. At the same time, an explanation for the observed performance in thermal cycling has not been provided, and basic aspects of the metallurgy of these alloys have not been explored to the same extent as more common SAC alloys. In this study, the relationship between microstructure, aging and mechanical behavior was studied for Sn-3.4Ag-4.8Bi and Sn-3.4Ag-1.0Cu-3.3Bi and compared to SAC305. The alloys were prepared in bulk form by rapidly quenching from 260°C resulting in an as-solidified microstructure similar to that observed in solder joints. As-solidified properties were compared to those for samples aged two weeks at 150°C. Tensile testing, constant-stress creep tests, and low-frequency dynamic mechanical analysis up to 50 Hz were performed at various temperatures for both microstructural conditions. Aging led to significant microstructural changes in all the alloys, but while aging was accompanied by changes in the tensile and power-law creep properties of SAC305, the corresponding differences in the as-solidified and aged Bi-containing alloys were either smaller or absent. For example, aging SAC305 led to an increase in the creep stress exponent and a nearly 50% reduction in the activation energy, while for SAC-Bi the reduction in activation energy was similar but the stress exponent was reduced, and in Sn-3.4Ag-4.8Bi neither activation nor stress exponent were changed by aging. These differences do not explain the performance of the solder joints in reliability testing but suggest that thermal fatigue reliability of solder alloys may be enhanced by addition of B
Kappa casein gen (CSN3) in horse: genetic variability in exon 1 and 4

Kappa casein (κ-CN) is milk protein that determines the size and specific function of the caseinmicelles, and its clevage by chymosine is responsible for milk coagulation. Any variation in genepromoter or coding sequence may change the expression of the gene or amino acid sequence,effecting functional properties of the protein. The mature κ-CN is encoded by part of the exon 3and the entire exon 4. Since exon 3 has 33 bp and exon 4 is 497 bp long, the major part of theprotein is encoded by exon 4. In this study we identified two SNPs in exon 1 and two in exon 4of the horse kappa casein gene (CSN3) and genotyped them in three horse breeds. The nucleotidesequence of the first exon was included in this study due to its possible role in the regulation ofthe CSN3 expression. Because these polymorphisms were analysed for the first time, we used areference method (RFLP) or at least two other complementig methods (Bi-PASA/PIRA andASA-PCR/PIRA), for molecular genetic analysis of above mentioned SNPs. The highestvariation in genotype frequencies was present in Slovenian cold blood breed. SNPs in exon 4cause amino acid (AA) change in the mature product, and may very well renderchemical/functional properties of the protein. Analysis of the consequences caused by changes inAA sequence, by online avaible program tools, comfirmed our hypotesis.
COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE MODELING AND CONTROL OF FLUE GAS EMISSION IN FBC PROCESS UDC 681

In this paper computationally intelligent modelling approach for fluidized bed combustion process has been considered, and also intelligent process control based on developed models. Applied adaptive neuro-fuzzy model structure provides for efficient combining of available expert knowledge with existing experimental data. On the basis of qualitative information on the desulphurization process models of the SO2 emission in fluidized bed combustion have been developed, which have been optimally tuned with measured data. Obtained results indicate that such approach can be successfully applied for economical and efficient reduction of SO2 in FBC by estimation of optimal process parameters and by design of intelligent control systems on the basis of defined emission model.
Using noninvasive DNA sampling to estimate abundance and some genetic properties of the Brown bear ( Ursus arctos ) in the Western Carpathians

Pepich, P., Krajmerová, D. , Saniga, M. 2014. Using non-invasive DNA sampling to estimate abundance and some genetic properties of the Brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the Western Carpathians. Folia oecol. , 41: 184–194. In Slovakia, there is a constant need for scientifically based information to manage its bear population after it has been allowed to increase in size and range. In this study we assessed population size, sex structure and genetic variability of a local brown bear population in Strážovské vrchy Mts (North-western Slovakia). This goal has been achieved by using noninvasive method of genetic sampling in 2011–2012. Brown bear DNA for analysis was obtained from 94 out of 232 samples (41%), among which 24 unique genotypes were identified. Average observed heterozygosity was 0.56 in 2011 and 0.63 in 2012. Minimum population size was determined from the number of unique genotypes and population size estimates were calculated via Lincoln-Peterson CMR method (n = 38) and Rarefaction models according Kohn method (n = 36), Eggert method (n = 25) and Chessel’s equation (n = 19). Additionally, relative spatial activity and movement pattern of some individuals have been inferred from the distribution of typed samples.
PERCEIVED IMPORTANCE ON MALAYSIAN HALAL AND AUTHENTIC HERITAGE FOOD ( HAHFo ) : INTERNATIONAL MUSLIM TOURISTS ’ PURCHASE INTENTION BEHAVIOUR

As a Muslim country, Malaysia had received tremendous numbers of international Muslim visitors from all around the world and it was increasing from year to year. The major reason this country became an attractive destination for Muslim travelers is: Malaysia offers of a great, wide range incredible, splendid cuisine from three major ethnicities which are Malay, Chinese and Indian that symbolized the food culture. However, research has been revealed that Malaysian Heritage Food (MHF) is having a serious problem among Muslim tourists whereby they have the limitation to experience diversity of food culture due to non-halal issue and lack of confidence to purchase. In fact, the availability of halal kitchen and restaurants that served authentic heritage food from multiple ethnicities especially Indian and Chinese cuisines is also a typical concern. Thus, this paper aimed to address the gap by examining the importance of Halal and Authentic Heritage Food (HAHFo) and food culture experiences among Muslim tourists in establishing ethnic restaurants, kitchens, and food service providers with HAHFo concept. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to Muslim tourists preferably who were visited in Kuala Lumpur. Findings discovered a highly significant importance for multi-ethnicity food providers to practice halal procedures in convincing Muslim tourists to choose variety of cuisines offered. Multiple regression analysis was used in this study to assess the relative importance of HAHFo dimensions towards protecting the authenticity of MHF. Finally, the results outline some possible practical recommendations for heritage food service provider who might pursue with marketing strategies towards serving HAHFo among Muslim international tourists and promoting Malaysia as a hub of diversity halal food culture for tourists‟ destination.
Thromboembolism due to nephrotic syndrome among children ; a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Infantile nephrotic syndrome is a common kidney disorder with an overall incidence of 2 to 7 per 1000 with the prevalence of 16 per 1000 children (1,2). The importance of this phenomenon among children is mostly due to its related life-threatening events such as infections, kidney progressive dysfunction, drug-induced side effects, and thromboembolic events (3-5). Although venous thromboembolism is a rare complication of nephrotic syndrome, the devastating nature of thromboembolism has been also reported among children leading considerable mortality and morbidity because of the concurrent serious clinical conditions such as cardiovascular disorders, malignancies, end-stage renal disease, and cerebrovascular accidents (6-8). Due to these conditions, the increased likelihood of early and long-term death in children with venous thromboembolism following nephrotic syndrome is potentially expected. While the main pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome among children remains obscure, it seems to be multifactorial. Like to other clinical syndromes, the genomic background even unrelated to underlying renal disease has a major role in occurring venous thromboembolism in such children (9,10). Besides, it has been suggested that losing proteins can alter coagulation regulatory proteins that leads to an increased hypercoagulable tendency in vessels (11,12). However, several subjects have been questioned regarding venous thromboembolism due to the infantile nephrotic syndrome. First, the spectrum of the prevalence of this event among children is very wide and it has not already reached a global consensus. Second, the evidence to support the probable pathophysiological fundaments of this complications is somewhat lacking needing further assessment. Hence, the present review attempted to systematically assess the pooled prevalence of thromboembolism in nephrotic syndrome among children.
Effect of Allium cepa seeds ethanolic extract on experimental polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) apoptosis induced by estradiol-valerate

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent cause of female infertility, affecting about 5– 10% of women in age of procreation. Apoptotic effects of Allium cepa seeds ethanol extract on experimental PCO induced by estradiol-valerat (PPA) in rats. Wistar female rat (n=60) were allocated into three groups, control (n=30); C1, an equal volume of (0.9% NaCl); C2, extract (0.3cc/rat/orally/daily); C3, Sesame oil(0.3cc/rat/orally/daily) and test groups (n=30), that subdivided into groups of 3 ,one group received extract supplement (0.3cc Sesame oil+ 0.3cc Allium Cepa /rat/orally/daily),second and third groups were induced PCO by single injection of estradiolvalerate (4mg/rat/IM),third group received extract supplement, for 60 consequence days. Animals were kept in standard conditions. In last day of study the blood samples and ovarian tissue of rats in whole groups were removed and prepared to biochemical and pathology analysis. Means of hyperaemia, number of cyst and granulosa apoptotic cells were significantly increased in PCO groups (p<0.05), and these were significantly decreased in group receiving extract in comparison to experimental PCO and control groups. Level of TAC in all extract groups were significantly increased as compared to control and PCO groups (p<0.05). Means of Large antral follicle was significantly decreased in PCO groups (p<0.05). Results revealed that administration of Allium Cepa ethanol extract significantly compensation blood antioxidants level in PCOinduced rats that led to modulating the apoptosis. Life Sci J 2013;10(4s):170-175] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 26
Consumer choice of Private Label Brands in the French market : Proposition and test of a partial mediation model

Private Label Brands (PLBs) experienced a phenomenal growth in various product categories during the past years. Many factors have been highlighted to explain PLB rise but a conceptual model integrating these factors is lacking. The aim of this research is to investigate factors affecting PLB choice in the French retail market and to propose a conceptual model of the determinants of PLB choice in this market. Data were collected from 140 and 266 respondents in two consumer surveys. We used exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to test the relationships between the variables of interest. Results show that five mains variables have a significant influence on PLB choice in a partial mediation model: attitude toward PLBs, PLB perceived price-image, store image perceptions, PLB purchase intention and value consciousness. Attitude toward PLBs and value consciousness have only a direct effect on PLB choice, while the effect of store image is totally mediated by purchase intention. Important theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are presented and discussed.
Digital DCDC control with sliding mode control

This works implements the Sliding Mode Control law in a digital circuit for the control of a DC-DC buck converter. The control signal generated produces a wave of variable frequency (VFM), but a method for limiting the operating frequency was implemented in order to limit the electromagnetic interference caused by the circuit. One of the requisites for the implementation of control is to use a delay chain of inverters to perform analog to digital conversion. The control law was implemented causing a maximum overshoot/undershoot of 50 mV for a load transient from no load to full load and vice versa, for the limits of input and output voltage defined. An analog version of the control was initially implemented using Matlab to verify its operation. In order to obtain the parameters of the control law, mathematical expressions were used in parallel with simulations in Matlab R © so that the objectives were met. Later the digital form was implemented, generating the RTL code, as well as design in a self calibrated ADC. This circuit was designed in CMOS technology AMS C35B4 (0.35 μm). The results for the DCDC with digital control are compared with the equivalent analog control, obtained using Matlab, in situations of line transient and load transient.
Orographic Influence on Basic Flow and Cyclone Circulation and Their Impacts on Track Deflection of an Idealized Tropical Cyclone

A series of idealized numerical experiments and vorticity budget analyses is performed to examine several mechanisms proposed in previous studies to help understand the orographic influence on track deflection over amesoscalemountain range.When an idealized tropical cyclone (TC) is embedded in a uniform, easterly flow and passes over a mountain with a moderate Froude number, it is deflected to the south upstream,moves over the mountain anticyclonically, and then resumes its westward movement. The vorticity budget analysis indicates that the TC movement can be predicted by the maximum vorticity tendency (VT). The orographic effects on the above TC track deflection are explained by the following: 1) Upstream of the mountain, the easterly basic flow is decelerated as a result of orographic blocking that causes the flow to become subgeostrophic, which advects the TC to the southwest, analogous to the advection of a point vortex embedded in a flow. The VT is primarily dominated by the horizontal vorticity advection. 2) The TC passes over the mountain anticyclonically, mainly steered by the orographically generated high pressure. This makes the TC move southwestward (northwestward) over the upslope (lee slope). The VT is mainly contributed by the horizontal vorticity advection with additional contributions from vorticity stretching and the residual term (which includes friction and subgrid turbulence mixing). 3) Over the lee slope and downstream of the mountain, the northwestward movement is enhanced by asymmetric diabatic heating, making the turning more abrupt. 4) Far downstream of the mountain, the VT is mainly contributed by the horizontal vorticity advection.
Effect of permeability on mixed convective flow past an inclined porous plate in porous medium

This analysis is investigated to influence of momentum, heat and mass transfer characteristics in the basis of boundary layer approximations on mixed convective flow past an inclined porous plate in porous medium. A set of non-dimensional transformations is used to transform the momentum, energy and concentration equations under consideration into nonlinear boundary layer equations which are then solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta sixth-order integration scheme together with Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting iteration technique. The validity of the numerical result is checked by comparing the results obtained for some specific cases with those available in the literature which was published, and a comparatively good agreement is reached. The numerical results are obtained and presented graphically illustrating the effect of the Prandtl number Pr, Schmidt number Sc and permeability parameter K on the flow field, and analyzed thereafter.
Effects of low-frequency magnetic field on grain boundary segregation in horizontal direct chill casting of 2024 aluminum alloy *

Effects of low frequency electromagnetic field on grain boundary segregation in horizontal direct chill (HDC) casting process was investigated experimentally. The grain boundary segregation and microstructures of the ingots, which manufactured by conventional HDC casting and low frequency electromagnetic HDC casting were compared. Results show that low frequency electromagnetic field significantly refines the microstructures and reduces grain boundary segregation. Decreasing electromagnetic frequency or increasing electromagnetic intensity has great effects in reducing grain boundary segregation. Meanwhile, the governing mechanisms were discussed.
Foreign Direct Investment and Stock Market Development in Nigeria : Evidence from Ardl Bound Test Approach to Cointegration Mika ’

This study examines the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on stock market development in Nigeria using annual data from 1981 to 2016. The variables such as stock market development proxied by market capitalization, foreign direct investment, exchange rate, inflation rate and gross domestic savings were used in the study. The study found that foreign direct investment has positive and statistically insignificant effect on stock market development. Exchange rate and gross domestic savings exert positive and statistically significant impact on stock market development, while inflation rate has insignificant negative influence on stock market development in Nigeria throughout the study period. From the foregoing, this study recommends the followings: first, there is need for the government to device several means that will motivate the foreign investors to diversify their investment from oil sector to other sectors of the economy with special reference to stock exchange market. Second, there is also the need for the government to redesign the existing exchange rate policy and ensure full implantation of the policy with the view to revive the value of our local currency and to stabilize unfavorable fluctuations of exchange rate. Finally, governments in collaboration with the private individual and companies should diversify their investment to other sector such as agriculture, manning, manufacturing among other in order to create more employment opportunities and improve on income generations. That will also increase productive capacity of the economy there by reduce the rate of prices of commodities and increases the domestic savings.
Chapter 2 Development of the Atomic-Resolution Environmental Transmission Electron Microscope

The development of the novel atomic-resolution environmental transmission electron microscope (atomic-resolution ETEM) for directly probing dynamic gas–solid reactions in situ at the atomic level under controlled reaction conditions consisting of gas environment and elevated temperatures is described. Applications of the ETEM include investigations of catalytic reactions such as biofuel synthesis from biomass, hydrogenation reactions of interest in synthetic fuel cell technologies, and hydrocarbon oxidation along with various other mainly supported metal catalysts. In other fields, the ETEM is used to study steels, graphene, nanowires, etc. In this chapter, the experimental setup of the microscope column and its peripherals are described.