Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Production via Reforming of the Aqueous Phase of Bio-Oil over Ni/Olivine Catalysts in a Spouted Bed Reactor

Hydrogen produced from renewable energy sources can present significant environmental benefits as a means for clean power generation via fuel cells. The aqueous fraction of bio-oil can be used as a source for hydrogen production, if reformed in the presence of active catalytic materials. Recently, we introduced the concept of the spouted bed reactor for this particular process. The aim of the current work is to further investigate the suitability of the novel reactor. The effect of temperature, H2O/C ratio, space velocity, and heat treatment of support was investigated in the presence of Ni/Olivine catalysts. Runs were conducted with ethylene glycol and acetic acid as representative model compounds of the aqueous phase of bio-oil. The organics converted fully toward gases with high selectivity in hydrogen, while the known problem of coking was notably avoided. Ethylene glycol reforming seems to proceed primarily via decomposition followed by reforming of secondary products. Hydrogen yield during acetic ac.
Modeling Complex Pharmacokinetics of Long‐Acting Injectable Products Using Convolution‐Based Models With Nonparametric Input Functions

The interest in the development and the therapeutic use of long‐acting injectable (LAI) products for chronic or long‐term treatments has grown exponentially. The complexity and the multiphase drug release process represent serious issues for an effective modeling of the PK properties of LAI products. The objective of this article is to show how convolution‐based models with piecewise‐linear approximation of the nonlinear drug release function can provide an enhanced modeling tool for (1) characterizing the complex PK profiles of LAI formulations with completely different drug release properties, and (2) addressing key questions supporting the optimal development of LAI products by simulating the PK time course resulting from different dosing strategies. Convolution‐based modeling and simulation were implemented in NONMEM, and 3 case studies were presented to assess the performances of this new modeling approach using PK data of LAI products developed using different technologies and administered using different routes: microsphere technology and aqueous nanosuspension intramuscularly administered and biodegradable polymer subcutaneously administered. The performance of the convolution‐based modeling approach was compared with the performance of conventional parametric models using a reference data set on theophylline. The results of the comparison indicated that the nonparametric input function provided a more accurate description of the data either in terms of global measure of goodness of fit (ie, Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion) or in terms of performance of the fitted model (ie, the percent prediction error on Cmax and AUC0‐t).
Data Sharing While Using a Closed-Loop System: Qualitative Study of Adolescents' and Parents' Experiences and Views

Objective: To understand and explore data sharing practices among adolescents and their parents using a closed-loop system. Methods: Eighteen adolescents (aged 11–18 years) and 19 parents were interviewed after adolescents had ∼6 months experience of using a closed-loop system, which permitted them to share glucose and insulin data with parents/caregivers. Data were analyzed thematically. Results: There was considerable variability in how parent–child dyads perceived, valued, and undertook data sharing. Parents of early adolescents (11–13 years) reported making extensive use of “real time” data to remotely manage their child's diabetes and early adolescents described needing and wanting this input. Parents of middle adolescents (14–16 years) described making greater use of retrospective data. To avoid conflict and encourage and support their son/daughter's autonomy, these individuals reported practicing watchful waiting and only intervening after concerns about a pattern of problematic behavior or their child's safety arose. Middle adolescents indicated that data sharing had been done primarily for the benefit of their parents, although they also noted quality of life benefits for themselves. Among late adolescents (17+ years), parents were simply remote because their son/daughter had not permitted access to their data. Participants recommended clear ground rules be put in place about when, and how, data sharing should be used. Conclusions: To help parent–child dyads use data sharing in ways which minimize conflict and optimize constructive parental support, we recommend tailored input and support, which takes account of family dynamics, the young person's developmental maturity, and the different ways in which data are used across the adolescent age range.
Optical Properties and Growth Aspects of Silver Nanoprisms Produced by a Highly Reproducible and Rapid Synthesis at Room Temperature

A rapid and readily reproducible seed‐based method for the production of high quality silver nanoprisms in high yield is presented. The edge‐length and the position of the main plasmon resonance of the nanoprisms can be readily controlled through adjustment of reaction conditions. From UV‐vis spectra of solutions of the nanoprisms, the inhomogeneously broadened line width of the in‐plane dipole plasmon resonance is measured and trends in the extent of plasmon damping as a function of plasmon resonance energy and nanoprism size have been elucidated. In addition, an in‐depth analysis of the lamellar defect structure of silver nanoprisms is provided that confirms that the defects can lead to a transformation of the crystal structure in the vicinity of the defects. These defects can combine give rise to lamellar regions, thicker than 1 nm, that extend across the crystal, where the silver atoms are arranged in a continuous hexagonal‐close‐packed (hcp) structure. This hcp structure has a periodicity of 2.50 Å, thus explaining the 2.50 Å lattice fringes that are commonly observed in 〈111〉 oriented flat‐lying nanoprisms. A new understanding of the mechanisms behind anisotropic growth in silver nanoprisms is presented.
Coronavirus infections: health care planning based on Orem's Nursing Theory.

OBJECTIVE to report the experience of professors and students of a graduate course on nursing care in coping with the new coronavirus (COVID-19) based on Self-Care Theory. METHOD the active methodologies used were a literature search and seminar presentations, with an understanding of Orem's theoretical concepts: health; man; self-care; universal, developmental and health deviation requirements; self-care activities; self-care deficits; the required therapeutic demand; nursing systems. The pandemic was considered a health deviation that requires critical thinking and nursing care planning. Methodological frameworks to classify nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes were used. RESULTS for each health deviation, nursing systems were identified; self-care deficits, diagnoses; actions, interventions; and the form of assessment, outcomes. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS theoretical-practical reflections of the academic context support nursing care planning.
Trickle down Registration: Exploring the Lived Experiences of Partners of Persons Registered as a Sexual Offender

ABSTRACT Accessing stigmatized persons for research purposes can be difficult, and accessing their significant others is perhaps even more challenging. We present here our defining moments of recruiting and surveying partners of persons registered as sexual offenders for our research on courtesy stigma. The challenges and successes of our journey are described within the larger hypothesis that close relationships are an important source of social support associated with adjustment and well-being outcomes for people involved in the justice system as well as their families. Ultimately, we suggest our reflections will not only encourage other researchers to seek the input of hard-to-reach populations in justice, health, and policy contexts, but also to incorporate the experiences of underrepresented voices, elucidate findings and lessons learned from these unique populations, and engage in reflexive health communication and research strategies with highly stigmatized populations.
Clinical features of behavioral symptoms in patients with semantic dementia: Does semantic dementia cause autistic traits?

Objective To investigate the behavioral characteristics of semantic dementia (SD) using an instrument originally developed for patients with autism spectrum disorder. Methods The behavioral symptoms of 20 patients with SD and 20 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in both the preclinical state and the dementia state were evaluated using the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS). Results The SD group showed high prevalence in four behaviors related to stereotypy and social impairment: eating very few food items, selfishness, difficulty in recognizing others’ feeling and thoughts, and interpreting language literally. Scores on the PARS short version, which is sensitive for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, were significantly higher in the dementia state than in the preclinical state in both the SD (11.5 ± 6.0 and 1.7 ± 2.5, respectively; t (19) = 6.7, p < 0.001) and AD (6.9 ± 4.6 and 1.7 ± 2.0, respectively; t (19) = 5.1, p < 0.001) groups. PARS short version scores after dementia onset increased in both the SD and AD groups, although the increase was significantly larger in the SD group (F = 5.6, p = 0.023). Additionally, a significantly higher rate of patients exceeded the cutoff score for autism diagnosis in the dementia state in the SD group (75%) than in the AD group (40%; χ2 = 5.0, p = 0.025). PARS scores in the dementia state were significantly correlated with illness duration (r = 0.46, p = 0.04) and Mini-Mental State Examination scores (r = −0.75, p < 0.001) in the SD group only. Conclusions Although SD and autism spectrum disorder are etiologically distinct diseases, patients with semantic dementia behave like those with autism spectrum disorder. Our findings suggest the symptomatic similarity of the two disorders.
Validation of the general purpose tripos 5.2 force field

A molecular mechanics force field implemented in the Sybyl program is described along with a statistical evaluation of its efficiency on a variety of compounds by analysis of internal coordinates and thermodynamic barriers. The goal of the force field is to provide good quality geometries and relative energies for a large variety of organic molecules by energy minimization. Performance in protein modeling was tested by minimizations starting from crystallographic coordinates for three cyclic hexapeptides in the crystal lattice with rms movements of 0.019 angstroms, 2.06 degrees, and 6.82 degrees for bond lengths, angles, and torsions, respectively, and an rms movement of 0.16 angstroms for heavy atoms. Isolated crambin was also analyzed with rms movements of 0.025 angstroms, 2.97 degrees, and 13.0 degrees for bond lengths, angles, and torsions respectively, and an rms movement of 0.42 angstroms for heavy atoms. Accuracy in calculating thermodynamic barriers was tested for 17 energy differences between conformers, 12 stereoisomers, and 15 torsional barriers. The rms errors were 0.8, 1.7, and 1.13 kcal/mol, respectively, for the three tests. Performance in general purpose applications was assessed by minimizing 76 diverse complex organic crystal structures, with and without randomization by coordinate truncation, with rms movements of 0.025 angstroms, 2.50 degrees, and 9.54 degrees for bond lengths, angles and torsions respectively, and an average rms movement of 0.192 angstroms for heavy atoms.
The actin-regulatory protein Hem-1 is essential for alveolar macrophage development

Mutations in the actin-regulatory protein Hem-1 result in primary immunodeficiency disease in humans. Using murine models, Suwankitwat et al. show that myeloid-specific Hem-1 is essential for the development of alveolar macrophages and protection against influenza A virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Molecular basis of accessible plasma membrane cholesterol recognition by the GRAM domain of GRAMD1b

Cholesterol is essential for cell physiology. Transport of the “accessible” pool of cholesterol from the plasma membrane (PM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by ER‐localized GRAMD1 proteins (GRAMD1a/1b/1c) contributes to cholesterol homeostasis. However, how cells detect accessible cholesterol within the PM remains unclear. We show that the GRAM domain of GRAMD1b, a coincidence detector for anionic lipids, including phosphatidylserine (PS), and cholesterol, possesses distinct but synergistic sites for sensing accessible cholesterol and anionic lipids. We find that a mutation within the GRAM domain of GRAMD1b that is associated with intellectual disability in humans specifically impairs cholesterol sensing. In addition, we identified another point mutation within this domain that enhances cholesterol sensitivity without altering its PS sensitivity. Cell‐free reconstitution and cell‐based assays revealed that the ability of the GRAM domain to sense accessible cholesterol regulates membrane tethering and determines the rate of cholesterol transport by GRAMD1b. Thus, cells detect the codistribution of accessible cholesterol and anionic lipids in the PM and fine‐tune the non‐vesicular transport of PM cholesterol to the ER via GRAMD1s.
Prediction of ITQ-21 Zeolite Phase Crystallinity: Parametric Versus Non-parametric Strategies

This work deals with data analysis techniques and high-throughput tools for synthesis and characterization of solid materials. In previous studies, it was found that the final properties of materials could be successfully modeled using learning systems. Machine learning algorithms such as neural networks, support vector machines, and regression trees are non-parametric strategies. They are compared to traditional parametric statistical approaches. We review a wide range of statistical methodologies, and all the methods are evaluated using experimental data derived from an exploration-optimization of the material ITQ-21. The results are judged on the numerical prediction of phase>s crystallinity. We discuss the theoretical aspects of such statistical techniques, which make them an attractive method when compared to other learning strategies for modeling the properties of the solids. Advantages and drawbacks are highlighted. We show that such approaches, by offering broad solutions, can reach high-level performances while offering ease of use, comprehensibility, and control. Finally, we shed light on both the interpretation and stability of results, which remain the main drawbacks of the majority of machine learning methodologies when trying to retrieve knowledge from the data treatment.
Selenium speciation in pretreated human urine by ion-exchange chromatography and ICP-MS detection

Urine samples were extracted by benzo-15-crown-5-ether to remove sodium and potassium. More than 90% of the sodium and potassium content of the urine was removed with this extraction. In a cation-exchange system based on oxalic acid at pH 3, chromatography of an untreated urine pool resulted in a large peak in the front together with three small peaks. In the crown ether treated pool at least five signals were obtained. When the eluent was ammonium formate at pH 3, two small signals together with a large signal in the front were obtained in untreated urine, while three more distinct peaks and a peak in front were obtained in the crown ether extracted urine. In both systems, two of the peaks co-eluted with selenomethionine (SeMet) and the trimethylselenonium ion (TMSe). None of the signals co-eluted with either selenocystine or selenoethionine. Urine samples from different individuals showed different concentrations and ratios of the selenium species present. There was no difference in the chromatograms when the urine pool was treated with α-glucuronidase or ultrafiltrated through a membrane with a cut-off value of 10 kDa. When the urine pool was analysed by capillary electrophoresis ICP-MS at pH 8.2, four peaks could be separated. One of the peaks co-migrated with SeMet while TMSe did not appear in this system. Crown ether extraction did not improve the separation. Hence, apart from SeMet and TMSe, at least three more unknown selenium-containing species were present in urine.
Dietary fluoride intake over the course of pregnancy in Mexican women

Abstract Objective: To estimate dietary fluoride intake (F) over the course of pregnancy and the overall adjusted difference in dietary F intake by pregnancy stages and levels of compliance with dietary recommendations. Design: Secondary data analysis from a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study in a population exposed to fluoridated salt. Women were followed during the early, middle and late stages of their pregnancy (n 568). The dietary intake of recommended prenatal nutrients according to Mexican dietary guidelines and F intake (mg/d) was estimated with a validated FFQ. Data were summarised with descriptive statistics. Levels of F intake were compared with the USA’s Institute of Medicine adequate intake (AI) of 3 mg/d for pregnancy. Adjusted differences in F intake by pregnancy stages and levels of compliance with recommendations were estimated using random effects models. Setting: Mexico City. Participants: Women participating in the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) project, from 2001 to 2003. Results: Median dietary F intake throughout pregnancy ranged from 0·64 (interquartile range (IQR) 0·38) in the early to 0·70 (IQR 0·42) in the middle, and 0·72 (IQR 0·44) mg/d in the late stage (0·01 mg F/kg per d). Corresponding adjusted intakes of F were 0·72 (95 % CI 0·70, 0·74), 0·76 (95 % CI 0·74, 0·77) and 0·80 (95 % CI 0·78, 0·82) mg/d. Women who were moderately and highly compliant with Mexican dietary recommendations ingested, on average, 0·04 and 0·14 mg F/d more than non-compliant women (P < 0·005). Conclusions: Dietary F intake was below current AI, was greater with the progression of pregnancy and in women who were moderately and highly compliant with dietary recommendations.
On Pulsed Discharge in Humid Air

Н3О + , Н3О + (Н2О), Н3О + (ОН), Н3О + (Н2О)2, Н + (Н2О)2, Н + (Н2О)3, Н + (Н2О)4 negative ions О - , О2 - , О3 - , Н - , ОH - , atoms О and Н, molecules Н2, О2, Н2О, О3, free radicals ОН, НО2, Н2О2, excited states
Measuring the Masses: Mass-Gathering Medical Case Reporting, Conceptual Modeling – The DREAM Model (Paper 5)

Abstract Introduction: Without a robust evidence base to support recommendations for first aid, health, and medical services at mass gatherings (MGs), levels of care will continue to vary. Streamlining and standardizing post-event reporting for MG medical services could improve inter-event comparability, and prospectively influence event safety and planning through the application of a research template, thereby supporting and promoting growth of the evidence base and the operational safety of this discipline. Understanding the relationships between categories of variables is key. The present paper is focused on theory building, providing an evolving conceptual model, laying the groundwork for exploring the relationships between categories of variables pertaining the health outcomes of MGs. Methods: A content analysis of 54 published post-event medical case reports, including a comparison of the features of published data models for MG health outcomes. Findings: A layered model of essential conceptual components for post-event medical reporting is presented as the Data Reporting, Evaluation, & Analysis for Mass-Gathering Medicine (DREAM) model. This model is relational and embeds data domains, organized operationally, into “inputs,” “modifiers,” “actuals,” and “outputs” and organized temporally into pre-, during, post-event, and reporting phases. Discussion: Situating the DREAM model in relation to existing models for data collection vis a vis health outcomes, the authors provide a detailed discussion on similarities and points of difference. Conclusion: Currently, data collection and analysis related to understanding health outcomes arising from MGs is not informed by robust conceptual models. This paper is part of a series of nested papers focused on the future state of post-event medical reporting.
Examining Racial Differences in the Informal Discussion of Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults: Application of the Andersen Model of Health Care Utilization

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in the discussion of advance care planning among older adults using Andersen’s behavioral model of health care utilization. Method: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2018 National Health and Aging Trends Study. Weighted multivariable logistic regressions were used to predict advance care planning discussion (n = 1,326). Results: After accounting for predisposing, enabling, and need factors, Black older adults were less likely to discuss end-of-life care (odds ratio [OR] = .527) and medical power of attorney (OR = .531) compared with Whites. Hispanic older adults were also less likely to discuss end-of-life care (OR = .389) and power of attorney (OR = .384) compared with Whites. Discussion: These results point to significant racial disparities in advance care planning discussions among older adults and call for future examinations of cultural, historical, and systemic factors that could influence the discussion of advance care planning among this population.
Internet addiction and sleep quality among adolescents in a peri-urban setting in Nepal: A cross-sectional school-based survey

Background Excessive use of the internet among adolescents often led to later bedtimes and poor sleep quality. This study assessed the relationship between internet addiction and sleep quality among adolescents in a peri-urban setting in Nepal. Method This cross-sectional study employed a questionnaire survey among 390 adolescent students recruited from two schools in Kirtipur Municipality in Nepal. The Internet Addiction Test and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess internet addiction and poor sleep quality respectively. The association between internet addiction and sleep quality was analysed by logistic regression. Results One-fifth (21.5%) of the participants were identified with borderline internet addiction and 13.3% with possible internet addiction. Poor sleep quality was found among 31% of the participants. Internet addiction was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 1.85, p = 0.022 for borderline, and OR = 3.98, p = <0.001 for possible internet addiction compared to no internet addiction). Conclusion Adolescents with internet addiction were more vulnerable to suffer from poor sleep quality. It is recommended that municipalities and schools should aware the adolescent students on the adverse effects of excessive internet use including poor sleep quality. The findings have implications for adolescents, parents, school authorities and researchers.