Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explorer Ternary vowel length in Shilluk

Three-level vowel length is typologically rare, and the supporting evidence is limited (Odden 2011, Prehn 2012). This paper presents the results of an investigation into the hypothesized case of this configuration in Shilluk, a Nilo-Saharan language spoken in South Sudan. The paper first describes the role of vowel length in Shilluk phonology and morphology. Then we report on an acoustic study with eight native speakers, in which eight monosyllabic minimal sets for vowel length (short, long, overlong) are measured for vowel duration, coda duration, vowel quality (F1, F2), and fundamental frequency (F0). The three levels of the hypothesized contrast differ significantly and substantially in terms of vowel duration, to the effect that 96 percent of the items can be classified successfully for vowel length in a Linear Discriminant Analysis on the basis of this measurement alone. Of the other measurements, only vowel quality registers a significant effect at alpha . 01, and this effect is considerably smaller than that of vowel duration. The mean values for vowel duration – 68 ms for short vowels, 111 ms for long vowels and 150 ms for overlong ones – are similar to those reported for three-level vowel length in Dinka, a closely-related language.
Splicing Forgery Detection JPEG Compression through Quantization Noise Analysis

To analyze whether an angel has been JPEG aeroembolism is an important affair in argumentative practice. The advanced methods abort to analyze high-quality aeroembolism images, which are accepted on the Internet. In this paper,we accommodate a atypical quantization noise-based band-aid to acknowledge the traces of JPEG compression.Based on the assay of noises in multiple-cycle JPEG compression, we ascertain a abundance alleged advanced quantization noise. We analytically acquire that a decompressed JPEG angel has a lower about-face of advanced quantization babble than its uncompressed counterpart. With the conclusion, we advance a simple yet actual able apprehension algorithm to analyze decompressed JPEG images.We appearance that our adjustment outperforms the advanced methods by a ample allowance abnormally for high-quality aeroembolism images through all-encompassing abstracts on assorted sources of images. We aswell authenticate that the proposed adjustment is able-bodied to baby angel admeasurement and blush subsampling. The proposed algorithm can be activated in some applied applications, such as Internet angel allocation and bogus detection.
Validation of a simplified-geometry model of inhaled formoterol pharmacodynamics in asthmatic patients

PharmacoKinetics (PK) and PharmacoDynamics (PD) mathematical models of inhaled bronchodilators represent useful tools for understanding the mechanisms of drug action and for the individuation of therapy regimens. A PK/PD model for inhaled bronchoactive compounds was previously proposed, incorporating a simplified-geometry approach: the key feature of that model is a mixed compartmental and spatially distributed representation of the kinetics, with the direct computation of representative flow rates from Ohm’s law and bronchial diameter profiles. The aim of the present work is the enrichment and validation of this simplified geometry modeling approach against clinical efficacy data. The improved model is used to compute airflow response to treatment for each single virtual patient from a simulated population and it is found to produce very good fits to observed FEV1 profiles. The model provides a faithful quantitative description of the increasing degree of improvement with respect to basal conditions with continuing administration and with increasing drug dosages, as clinically expected.
Impact of Atmospheric Motion Vectors from Meteosat 8 on the analyses and forecasting system of DWD

AMV wind vectors derived from tracking clouds and water vapour features in image sequences taken by geostationary (METEOSAT, GOES) and polar-orbiting (TERRA, AQUA) satellites have been used to improve knowledge of atmospheric flow and represent and integral part of the global observing system for numerical weather forecast. Recent work on AMVs have been focused on the replacement of Meteosat 7 wind data by the new wind products from the first Meteosat Second Generation, Meteosat 8, satellite. First comparison results indicate higher quality of Meteosat 8 winds in the infrared and visible channels and slightly lower quality of Meteosat 8 winds derived from the water vapour channel. After extensive monitoring and tests with different QI thresholds, the current experiments show a neutral to slightly positive impact for both Hemispheres and Europe.
Conceptual Framework of the Impact of External Support on Business Performance amongst SMEs : The Mediating Role of Organisational Capability

This paper aims to focus on the impact of government support and financial resource support that affect the business performance amongst small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and their development; and to create a conceptual framework model describing their relationships. The literature mentioned that, although there are significance relationships between government support, financial resource support and business performance in the context of SMEs in Malaysia, the relationships are still inconclusive, which recommends that there are intervening constructs between the two constructs. Thus, a previous study proposed that organisational capability can serve as a mediating role between government support, financial resource support and business performance, which may clarify the relationship. Future empirical studies could be conducted with a quantitative analysis with primary data,whilst this study will be conducted using a survey research. Particularly, questionnaires will be distributed to the targeted respondents (owners/managers of the SMEs). Finally, it is expected that the proposed framework model may provide more effective SMEs.
ADAPTATION IN CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR FACIAL EXPRESSION RECOGNITION

In this work, we proposed adaptive pooling maps (APMs) for CNNs to aid facial expression recognition. Inspired by superpixels, which represent the image content more naturally, pooling maps consisting of irregular pooling regions are learned from training images as part of training a CNN model. The APMs preserve the local structural information and thus are more capable of capturing subtle facial appearance and geometrical changes caused by facial expression. Furthermore, we developed an efficient algorithm to learn the APMs efficiently. Experiments on three benchmark datasets have shown that the proposed APM-based CNN model outperforms the one with the standard pooling map and achieves state-of-the-art recognition performance for facial expression recognition in the wild.
A Secured and Efficient Communication Scheme for Decentralized Cognitive Radio-Based Internet of Vehicles

The advancements in hardware technologies have driven the evolution of vehicular ad hoc networks into the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). The IoV is a decentralized network of IoT-enabled vehicles capable of smooth traffic flow to perform fleet management and accident avoidance. The IoV has many commercial applications due to improved security and safety on the roads. However, the rapidly increasing number of wireless applications have challenged the existing spectrum bands allocated to IoV. The IoV has only six communication channels that are congested during the peak hours. The limited number of channels and the presence of congestion on these channels are the challenging issues that affect the safety of vehicles on the road. To mitigate the congestion, Cognitive Radio (CR) can be an optimal solution for the existing IoV Paradigm. In this paper, we propose a secured and efficient communication scheme for a decentralized CR-based IoV (CIoV) network. In this scheme, the Roadside Unit (RSU) senses the spectrum using an energy detection method. Each vehicle independently predicts the Primary User (PU) activity pattern using a hidden Markov model (HMM). Once a vehicle detects a licensed channel free from the PUs, it informs the RSU to store the channel in a database alongside the dedicated direct short-range communication (DSRC) channels for data transmission. The RSU and vehicles are registered with a trusted authority and they mutually authenticate each other. Upon mutual authentication, the RSU assigns communication channels to the vehicles on the road, based on their density. When the density of the vehicles is high, the detected licensed channels are used, otherwise, the DSRC channels are used. We evaluate the performance of CIoV in terms of packet delivery and packet loss ratio, end-to-end delay, and throughput, using NS-2. The simulation results show that the CR-based approach of CIoV outperforms the existing schemes and significantly enhances the performance of the underlying network.
Representing Forested Regions at Small Scales : Automatic Derivation from the Very Large Scale

1. Context Being able to view geographic regions at multiple levels of detail is essential to geographic inquiry (Sheppard and McMaster 2004). It affords meaning through the identification of pattern, and interpretation of a palimpsest of processes that operate at various scales (in both time and space). One class of feature commonly found on topographic maps is forest. At the finest scale it can involve the representation of individual trees. And at very coarse scale (say 1:250 000 scale) forests are shown in a way that enables broad classifications of land use, that ‘map’ to our conceptual understandings of what constitutes (prototypically speaking) ‘forest’ – such that we are able to conceptualise what is meant by the ‘Amazonian Forest’, or ‘Sherwood Forest’ (one of the largest forests in the UK). Rather than the redundancy of multiple databases (each recording forests at these different conceptual scales), surely it is more efficient to maintain a single, highly detailed database, that acts as single point of update? Then to apply generalisation algorithms that, metaphorically speaking, aggregate the detail of the tree, in order to see the forest? The creation of such a system can support integration/conflation of data at different scales (Weibel 1995), ‘intelligent zoom’ in interactive environments (seeing more detail as you zoom in to the map), scale dependent spatial analysis (analysis of data at a scale appropriate to the task) and exploratory data analysis. This paper presents a technique that automatically creates forested regions for visualisation at a scale of 1:250 000 from very detailed mapping – the Ordnance Survey’s (OS) MasterMap (1:1 250/1:10 000) Forestry layer (a vector-based topography layer).
GRAVITATIONAL WAVE ENHANCEMENT AS A TOOL TO DISTINGUISH DARK MATTER HALO PROFILES

The recent success of the dark matter model has proven to be an invaluable tool for describing the formation, evolution and stability of galaxies. In this work we study the enhancement function, F , of the gravitational lensing of gravitational waves by galactic dark matter halos and show how this function may be used to distinguish between halo models. In particular we compare an isothermal sphere with an NFW type density distribution, both of which are assumed to be spherically symmetric, and find that our technique clearly distinguishes between the models.
Intrafirm Trade , and Employment Volatility ∗

This paper examines the theoretically ambiguous relationship between the volatility of employment growth and the foreign exposure of firms. We employ unique Japanese firm-level data over the period 1994–2012. This allows us to investigate any differences in this relationship across multinational firms and trading and nontrading firms, manufacturing and wholesale trade, and intrafirm and interfirm trade. One major finding is that in manufacturing, employment volatility increases as the share of intrafirm exports to total sales increases. In contrast, in wholesale trade, employment volatility declines as the share of intrafirm imports to total imports increases. One possible interpretation of these results is that the transmission of foreign supply and demand shocks could be through not only manufacturing, but also wholesale trade firms. Further, a higher share of intrafirm trade could magnify foreign demand shocks in manufacturing, and could mitigate foreign supply shocks in wholesale trade.
The Son of Pharnabazos and Parapita, a Persian Competing in the Olympic Games: Xenophon Hellenica 4.1.39-40

This article seeks to develop, with some significant change, the arguments put forward by Bresson to show that a Persian boy, the son of Pharnabazos, was allowed to compete in the Olympic Games. It is argued that at Olympia his admission was supported by his older Spartan lover, himself an Olympic athlete, and by the Spartan king Agesilaos who acted as the boy’s guardian. These arguments support the view recently advanced by Nielsen and, at greater length, by Remijsen that non-Greeks were not excluded from competing in the Olympic Games
The Eigen-distribution for Multi-branching Trees

In the present work, we extend the studies on eigen-distribution for uniform binary trees to balanced multibranching trees. We show that for such general trees, an eigendistribution is still equivalent to E-distribution with respect to alpha-beta pruning algorithms and the uniqueness of eigendistribution holds, although the uniqueness fails if we are restricted to directional algorithms.
1 Detection of Unresolved Targets for Wideband 2 Monopulse Radar 3

Detecting unresolved targets is very important for radars in their target tracking phase. 12 For wideband radars, the unresolved targets detection algorithm should be fast and adaptive to 13 different bandwidths. To meet the requirements, a detection algorithm for wideband monopulse 14 radars is proposed, which can detect unresolved targets in each range bin. The algorithm introduces 15 Gaussian Mixture Model and uses a priori information to achieve high performance while keeping 16 low computational load, and are adaptive to different bandwidths. A comparison between the 17 proposed algorithm and the latest unresolved targets detection algorithm JMBP GLRT( Joint Multi 18 Bin Processing Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test) is carried out by simulation, on Rayleigh 19 distributed echoes, the detection probability of the proposed algorithm is at most 0.5456 higher than 20 JMBP GLRT for different SNR (signal to noise ratio), while the computation time of the proposed 21 algorithm is no more than two ten thousandth of the JMBP GLRT computation time; on bimodal 22 distributed echoes, the detection probability of the proposed algorithm is at most 0.7933 higher than 23 JMBP GLRT for different angular separation of two unresolved targets, while the computation time 24 of the proposed algorithm is no more than one ten thousandth of the JMBP GLRT computation time. 25 To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in real wideband radar, an experiment on 26 field test measured data is carried out, in which the proposed algorithm is compared with Blair 27 GLRT. The results show that the proposed algorithm produces higher detection probability and 28 lower false alarm rate and completes detections on a range profile within 0.22ms. 29
SPIRAL2 RFQ bunch lengths and longitudinal emittance measurements

The SPIRAL2 beam commissioning has started and the superconducting linac installation is being finalized. The conditioning of the Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) [1] begun in 2015, and the beam commissioning soon after. Among the beam parameters checked at the RFQ output, the energy, bunch length and longitudinal emittance have been measured for the 3 referenced particles.
Genome-wide Identification and Analysis of the CNGC Gene Family in Zea mays

As one of the non-selective cation channel gene family, the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene plays vital roles in plant physiological processes which are related to signal pathways, plant development, and environment stresses. However, genome-wide identification and analysis of the CNGC gene family in maize have not yet been conducted. In this study, 12 ZmCNGC genes are detected in the maize genome, which are unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. They are classified into four major groups, including group I, II, III, and IV. Prediction of cis-acting regulatory elements show that 137 putative cis-elements which are related to hormones-response, abiotic stress-related and organ development-related. Gene ontology (GO) analysis demonstrated that most of the ZmCNGCs are involved in various biological processes including cellular processes, establishment of localization, and transmembrane transport. Furthermore, the co-expression network analysis of ZmCNGC genes may establish the importance of better understanding ZmCNGC transduction pathways in maize. AndAdditionally, expression profiles of ZmCNGC genes are shown to express in a tissue-specific expressedpattern. Our results provide valuable information to increase our understanding of the CNGC gene family in maize. Subjects: Bioinformatics, Genomics, Plant Science
Biology of Cognition

Man knows and his capacity to know depends on his biological integrity; furthermore, he knows that he knows. As a basic psychological and, hence, biological function cognition guides his handling of the universe and knowledge gives certainty to his acts; objective knowledge seems possible and through objective knowledge the universe appears systematic and predictable. Yet knowledge as an experience is something personal and private that cannot be transferred, and that which one believes to be transferable, objective knowledge, must always be created by the listener: the listener understands, and objective knowledge appears transferred, only if he is prepared to understand. Thus cognition as a biological function is such that the answer to the question, “What is cognition? ” must arise from understanding knowledge and the knower through the latter’s capacity to know.
MCTS : Improved Action Selection Techniques for Deterministic Games ⇤

The simulation-based principles behind Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) have their roots in non-deterministic domains. In game domains, MCTS has nonetheless proved successful in both non-deterministic and deterministic games. This has been achieved by using more or less identical selection mechanisms for choosing actions, thus potentially not fully exploiting the inherent differences of deterministic and non-deterministic games. In this paper we take steps towards better understanding how determinism and discrete game outcomes may influence how action selection is best done in the selection step in MCTS. We use a simple n-arm-bandit test domain to show that action selection can be improved by taking into account whether a game is deterministic and has only few discrete game outcomes possible. We introduce two methods in this context to do so: moving average return function and sufficiency threshold and evaluate them empirically in the n-arm-bandit test domain, as well as providing preliminary results in a GGP inspired game. Both methods offer significant improvement over the standard UCT action-selection mechanism.
Abstraction of linked data ’ s world Abstracción del mundo de linked data

ion of linked data’s world Abstracción del mundo de linked data Jhon Francined Herrera-Cubides1; Paulo Alonso Gaona-García2; Carlos Enrique Montenegro-Marín3; Salvador Sánchez-Alonso4; David Martin-Moncunill5 1 Ph.D. (c) In Engineering, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Colombia. Current position: Professor at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Colombia. E-mail: jfherrerac@udistrital.edu. co. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-4656. 2 Ph.D. In Information and Knowledge Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, España. Current position: Professor at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Colombia. E-mail: pagaonag@udistrital.edu. co. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-1412. 3 Ph.D. In Systems and informatics services for Internet, Universidad de Oviedo, España. Current position: Professor at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Colombia. E-mail: cemontenegrom@udistrital.edu. co. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-7158. 4 Ph.D. In Informatics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España. Current position: Professor at Universidad de Alcalá, España. E-mail: salvador. sanchez@uah.es. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9949-4797. 5 Ph.D. In Information and Knowledge Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, España. Current position: Professor, Universidad de Alcalá, España. E-mail: david.martin@uah.es. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2422-9005. A RESEARCH VISION
Laserocarpum, a new genus of Apiaceae endemic to Greece

Laserpitium pseudomeum is an endemic umbellifer of Greece occurring in the mountains of Sterea Ellas and northern Peloponnese. Molecular data indicate that it is not related to its putative congeners, but instead constitutes an isolated lineage. The nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS tree places it as a weakly supported sister group to Portenschlagiella ramosissima, the sole species in its genus, whereas the tree inferred from three noncoding cpDNA loci does not confirm this relationship. Portenschlagiella ramosissima is sometimes placed in Athamanta, an affinity supported neither by molecular data nor by fruit morphology. Laserpitium pseudomeum notably differs from P. ramosissima in vegetative, flower, and fruit characteristics, and no obvious morphological synapomorphies indicate their close relationship. Therefore, we place L. pseudomeum in the newly described genus Laserocarpum and lectotypify the species with the specimen Orphanides 2019 (G00766460) at G-Boiss.
) Lending Network: Based on Supernetworks Theory

In this paper, we designed online P2P lending networks that consist of borrowers, P2P lending platforms, and lenders. As the online crowdfunding are prosperous in China, the competition among those platforms, lenders, and even borrowers are becoming more and more intense. In this paper’s model, we discussed the network structure of P2P lending market, the cost structure, the lending demand function of the players. We also used numerical experiment to discuss the profit vs interest elasticity parameter t for borrowers and P2P lending platforms, and the outcomes show when borrower makes decision to high-interest loan, she (he) might not get high returns because the existence of some un-observed risks.
Advances in refunctionalization of erythrocyte-based nanomedicine for enhancing cancer-targeted drug delivery

Cancer remains a daunting and cureless disease, which is responsible for one-sixth of human deaths worldwide. These mortality rates have been expected to rise in the future due to the side effects of conventional treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery), which can be addressed by applying nanomedicine. In order to escape from biological barriers, such nanomedicine should be mimicked and designed to be stealthy while navigating in the bloodstream. To achieve this, scientists take advantage of erythrocytes (red blood cells; RBCs) as drug carriers and develop RBC membrane (RBCm) coating nanotechnology. Thanks to the significant advances in nanoengineering, various facile surface functionalization methods can be applied to arm RBCm with not only targeting moieties, but also imaging agents, therapeutic agents, and nanoparticles, which are useful for theranostic nanomedicine. This review focuses on refunctionalization of erythrocyte-based nanomedicine for enhancing cancer-targeted drug delivery.