Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using social network analysis to assess the Pontocaspian biodiversity conservation capacity in Ukraine

Social networks, defined as sets of relationships between stakeholder organizations, are important determinants of constructive actions for biodiversity conservation. Such actions are achieved through cooperation between various stakeholders, exchange of information, and joint planning and implementation. We used a mix of qualitative and quantitative social network analysis methods to investigate the interorganizational network of stakeholders in Ukraine, and the implications of network properties for the conservation of Pontocaspian biodiversity. Pontocaspian biota contains unique and endemic fauna, which are threatened by anthropogenic impacts; this makes effective conservation measures an urgent priority. We identified a well-connected, centralized network in Ukraine. However, the strong network has not resulted in effective conservation of Pontocaspian biodiversity. Suboptimal conservation action stems from the subordinate role of Pontocaspian species in the interorganizational interactions, likely due to lack of knowledge regarding Pontocaspian taxa. Social variables, such as funding scarcity and legal constraints, further limit the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation actions. We conclude that the current landscape of stakeholders in Ukraine is well placed to rapidly improve conservation actions if they are supplied with improved information and recognition of conservation needs of Pontocaspian taxa, combined with improved financial and legal conditions.
A user‐centered behavioral software development model

The concept of usability, which affects the quality and cost of the software projects, has become essential in recent years. There is a need to integrate usability testing activities and techniques into the development processes; however, integration is difficult. Therefore, this study proposes user‐centered behavioral (UCB) software development model, which aims to bridge the gap between human–computer interaction (HCI) and software engineering (SE) disciplines. A triangulation methodology of mixed methods is used to understand the current situation in software development companies in terms of usability and user‐centered software development by survey and interviews. Their results are then used to inform the development of the proposed model. The UCB software development model proposes a process in which several tools and techniques from SE and HCI are integrated to facilitate the production of highly usable software. In essence, the model proposes an iterative process that combines behavior‐driven development (BDD)—an agile approach that enables a better understanding and analysis of the requirements—with the style guides, usability tests, heuristic evaluation, and Wizard of Oz techniques of HCI. The model was evaluated in a pilot project and then is improved based on feedback gathered. Participants' feedback supported the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Effectiveness of nutrient enhancement as a remediation or compensation strategy of salmonid fisheries in culturally oligotrophic lakes and streams in temperate climates

Productivity of temperate streams and lakes is often limited by availability of key nutrients, and nutrient‐poor habitats are termed oligotrophic. Oligotrophic streams and lakes occur naturally, but often are a product of human activities (cultural oligotrophication), such as the creation of dams. Cultural oligotrophication has resulted in declining productivity in streams and lakes, a condition that can manifest itself in collapsing salmonid fish stocks. To counteract lost productivity as part of restoration or compensation measures, managers often add nutrient via fertilizers to enhance fisheries production. However, these programs are not always successful, and this article reviews available literature to identify patterns that may influence success of nutrient enhancement programs. Overall fertilization of lakes and streams will almost certainly increase primary producer and invertebrate populations. While it is likely that fertilization will also increase fishery production, it is far from certain. The magnitude of this change is unpredictable, and the success of a fertilization program will vary greatly between years, habitat, and microhabitats. Regardless, if fertilization is coupled with holistic monitoring of the food web and ecosystem, then it is likely to be an effective technique to enhance fishery productivity in active restoration of compensation programs. However, the benefits of fertilization will not outlast the fertilization project, and care must be exercised when ceasing active fertilization. When compared to other restoration/compensation strategies such as fish ladders or trap and transport, fertilization may be a cost‐effective method to enhance fishery production. Finally, recommendations are discussed to increase the probability of fertilization success.
Response of Human Blood Platelets on Nanoscale Groove Patterns: Implications for Platelet Storage

Understanding platelet–surface activation is of clinical importance because it directly involves the formation of a hemostatic plug or blood clot at sites of vascular injury. Although platelet activation on various structured patterns has been investigated, this behavior on nanoscale groove patterns remains unclear. Here, we fabricated pattern arrays with 100 and 500 nm groove sizes by electron-beam lithography and investigated the response of platelets on these patterns using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Without modification, platelets spread strongest on the unstructured surface and weakest on 100 nm grooves, while the spreading characteristic significantly decreased on laminin-modified surfaces. With a laminin coating, platelets did not spread after contact for 15 min, but the formation of filopodia of different lengths occurred, which is longest on the unstructured surface and shortest on 100 nm grooves. This difference correlated with the adhesion forces because the platelets bound strongest, weaker, and weakest on the corresponding unstructured surface and 500 and 100 nm nanopatterns. Our results show that platelet–surface activation depends on the underlying nanostructured surface, and the findings may have a major impact on medical applications.
Validación del cuestionario de competencia digital para futuros maestros mediante ecuaciones estructurales

INTRODUCCION. La tecnologia, como elemento necesario para el avance de la sociedad del Siglo XXI, ha asumido un papel fundamental en el entorno educativo. En esta linea, diferentes instituciones respaldan la importancia del desarrollo de la Competencia Digital para vivir, trabajar y aprender en la Sociedad del Conocimiento. Este trabajo analiza la fiabilidad y validez del “Cuestionario de Competencia Digital para Futuros Maestros”. Este instrumento esta basado en los principales marcos de desarrollo de la competencia digital: estandares ISTE (Estados Unidos) e indicadores “DigComp” (Europa). Se concibe como una herramienta que permite al alumnado de magisterio una mejor comprension de su nivel competencial, proporcionando una forma de autoevaluar sus fortalezas y necesidades o areas de mejora de aprendizaje digital en distintas dimensiones: alfabetizacion tecnologica; comunicacion y colaboracion; busqueda y tratamiento de la informacion; ciudadania digital; creatividad e innovacion. METODO. Para ello, se emplean tecnicas de analisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y analisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) utilizando ecuaciones estructurales. En esta investigacion participan 657 alumnos y alumnas del Grado en Educacion Infantil y Grado en Educacion Primaria de la Universidad de Sevilla. RESULTADOS. Los resultados demuestran la fiabilidad y validez del cuestionario ademas de las posibilidades que ofrece la metodologia de validacion mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Asi mismo, se subraya la importancia de usar instrumentos de evaluacion competencial con fundamentos confiables que avalen su uso. DISCUSION. Finalmente, se reclama una mayor oferta formativa y metodologia educativa basada en competencias que este garantizada por herramientas fiables y validas.
Approaches Of Arabic Education Research: Criticism And New Offers Of Methodology Diversification

Research of Arabic Education (AE) is a systematic investigation of interesting research questions about the Arabic language. Arabic Education Research can use a variety of approaches, types, and designs. For this reason, diversification of research methodology is needed so that it is not concentrated in certain research approaches and types. This study aims to describe: (1) the approach and type of research used by students in thesis research; (2) mastery of scientific substance and research methodology of students; (3) weaknesses that occur in student thesis writing. This research is descriptive-quantitative. Data collected by documents and interviews. Data were analyzed with percentages and reflective thinking. The results showed that: (1) most students conducted research using a quantitative approach, with the type of experimentation, and quasi-experiment design, (2) the substance and methodology of the students showed good mastery, and (3) weaknesses that occurred in student thesis writing lies in the weakness in making research abstracts and discussing research results. For this reason, it is suggested the need to increase students' insights in the field of research methodology, so that student research is not focused on specific approaches and types of research, so that it spreads to all approaches and types of research. However, the choice of approach and type of research must still adjust to the scientific characteristics and the problem under study.
Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae) from Erzincan Region, Turkey

In the present study, chemical composition determination and in vitro antimicrobial effects of essential oil of Achillea biebersteinii plant grown under Erzincan ecological conditions were evaluated. Extractions were carried out with Clevenger apparatus and essential oil composition was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Microorganisms used for the antimicrobial studies were Salmonella enterica serovar typhimirium ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ATCC 25923, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ATCC 911, Bacillus cereus 702 ROMA, Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Bacillus subtilis IMG 22 and Proteus vulgaris FMC 1. As a result, a total of 29 components were detected in Achillea biebersteinii. Among them, 1,8-cineole (20.36%), cyclohexanone (8.39%), 2-cyclohexen-1-one (5.38%) and spathulenol (4.19%) were found as the major components. For the in vitro antimicrobial activity determination of essential oil, disc diffusion method was used in our study. Furthermore, 12-14 mm zone diameters were detected in antimicrobial activity assay. The highest resistance zone was detected against B. subtilis with 14 mm diameter while the least resistance zone was detected against Y. pseudotuberculosis, E. aerogenes and P. vulgaris with 12 mm diameter. Consequently, it was concluded that the essential oil extracted from the A. biebersteinii grown under Erzincan ecological conditions had an inhibitory effects on the pathogenic microorganisms in used method.
Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from a boreal forest floor

1) Lund University, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Sölvegatan 12, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden (*corresponding author’s e-mail: mwang0710@gmail.com) 2) University of Copenhagen, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark 3) Finnish Meteorological Institute, Atmospheric Composition Unit, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Professional development of Technology teachers: Does their training meet their needs?

The phenomenological study on which this article is based inquired into Grade 9 Technology teachers’ professional development through workshops on pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) as well as their training needs. The workshops took place in Nelspruit in Mpumalanga, South Africa. Data were gathered from two groups of teachers who attended the workshops on two different days, but who were trained in the same way and were subsequently conveniently selected to participate in the study. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with these teachers and the workshop facilitator was also interviewed. The training manual was scrutinised, the facilitation of the workshops was observed and a follow-up visit was done at two schools where the workshop participants taught. The findings revealed that while the teachers felt that the workshops developed them, such training did not fully meet their needs or expand their PCK repertoires. This study will inform the Mathematics, Science and Technology Academy (MSTA), which is tasked with offering in-service training to subject teachers in the province, about whether the workshops meet the needs of the attendees, thereby possibly necessitating a review of the training.
‘They Take Our Houses’: Benefit Competition and the Erosion of Support for Immigrants' Social Rights

Abstract Does benefit competition affect voters' support for immigrants' social rights? While scholars in political economy expect that benefit competition lowers support among the poor, the evidence is limited. This seems to be largely due to the reliance on highly aggregated analyses and the neglect of the institutional context in which individuals form their preferences. This article argues that lower-income voters are more likely to reduce their support due to competition when benefit eligibility depends on income. Using individual-level panel data from the Netherlands and a novel way to measure benefit competition, the study shows that lower-middle-income voters become less supportive of immigrants' social rights when more social housing in their municipality is allocated to refugees. By contrast, competition does not reduce support among the rich or the very poor. The findings suggest that benefit competition can erode support for immigrants' social rights and influence electoral politics.
Using social networking applications to facilitate change implementation processes: insights from organizational change stakeholders

The failure rate of change is high amongst countries and cultures where collectivism, destructive politics and resistance are high. Therefore, change leaders are more focused on exploring how they can create networking and socialization amongst major organizational stakeholders that can minimize detrimental cynicism and lobbying during change implementation. This study is an attempt to shed light on how Social Networking Applications (henceforth SNAs) can facilitate change implementation processes in the insurance sector. ,The individual reaction and interaction realities during the change process cannot be discovered once and for all as there are varied perspectives on the same subjects. Therefore, a social constructionist position was used to understand the different realties of change managers and change recipients using the context of insurance sector. ,The study documented how SNAs can play an active role in addressing the concerns of employees as well as managing and protecting knowledge sharing to facilitate the change implementation process. The collaborative and interactive nature of SNAs can enhance richness in knowledge sharing and can facilitate the participation of employees. Therefore, management should monitor these platforms as a means to improve the change process and to address the concerns of employees. These networking channels which include WhatsApp and Facebook can enhance social interactions, support and acceptance at individual and organizational levels. ,Social media has become a familiar tool for employees to use to discuss internal changes and policies within their organizations. Social media enhances the richness, reach, knowledge exchange and effective internal communication potential amongst organizational change stakeholders. Using social media, change recipients are now more empowered and connected with their leadership that ever before. It is now easier to facilitate decision making during the change formulation and implementation process. ,Social media applications have become necessary to ensure incremental and radical changes to the survival of dynamic businesses. The findings of this study are beneficial for change leaders and recipients of change to implement successful organizational change using social media tools. The effective and efficient use of social media applications helps organizations to foster knowledge amongst employees and they can address various critical issues, that is resistance to change, lower levels of knowledge sharing and support for change acceptance and lack of employee participation in decision making. ,There is an inadequate understanding regarding how SNAs play a role in facilitating the change process in both public and private sector organizations. This study offers a social mchange facilitation model with the help of social learning, social networking and social behaviourism theories.
Antimicrobial, Phytochemical Analysis and Molecular Docking (In-silico Approach) of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray and Jatropha gossypiifolia L on Selected Clinical and Multi-Drug Resistant Isolates

The aim of this study is to determine the zones of inhibition, phytochemical screening and molecular docking (In-silico Approach) of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray and Jatropha gossypiifolia L against selected clinical and multi drug resistant isolates. Crude extraction of air dried leaves were carried out by soaking the plant in ethanol and ethyl acetate, standard agar diffusion method was used for sensitivity testing, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values were obtained by agar dilution method. The antimicrobial activity of the leaf extracts of T. diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray and J. gossypiifolia L was assayed against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas Original Research Article Okiti and Osuntokun; JAMB, 20(6): 1-18, 2020; Article no.JAMB. 57963 2 aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albican and against multi drug resistant bacteria which are Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter agglomerans, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia stuartii, Salmonella subsp 3b. Levofloxacin and fluconazole were the standard antibiotics used. Sensitivity test revealed the highest zone of inhibition observed for J. gossypiifolia L and T. diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray against Candida albican with mean and standard deviation of 29±1.414 and 19.5±0.707 at 100 mg/ml respectively, while the least zone of inhibition was observed from the extracts of J. gossypiifolia L against Escherichia coli with 11.75±0.354 at 100 mg/ml. Both plant extracts showed antimicrobial activity against multi drug resistant isolates having zones of inhibition ranging from 0 to 15±1.414. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of the extracts ranges between 6.25 and 100 mg/ml as well as the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinone, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phlobotannins, reducing sugars saponins, steroids and tannins. Molecular docking of the phytochemicals of T. diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray only was carried out using levofloxacin as template, which revealed the presence of compounds more effective in inhibiting DNA gyrase enzyme. Thus, the use of both plants as traditional medicine is justifiable and should be encouraged in the formulation and production of new antibiotics.
Presenting an Entrepreneurial Brand Building Model to Knowledge-Based Firms

According to the matter of knowledge-based businesses development in economic development and job creation of the state, it is so important to identify effective strategies and factors in developing entrepreneurship, supporting commercializing and branding of knowledge-based businesses and the environment in which these businesses fare formed. The purpose of the present research is offering an entrepreneurial branding model to knowledge-based firms. This is a qualitative research with the grounded theory approach. In this research, 20 experts of marketing, branding fields and managing directors of knowledge-based firms were studied through semi structured interviews by using purposive sampling method. Interviews were continued up to reach theoretical saturation point and after analyzing extracted codes in triple coding stages, 165 primary conceptual propositions were identified from open coding, 5 categorical propositions from axial coding and 23 main factors from selective coding and then the final model were extracted. In paradigm model of grounded theory, the pivotal phenomenon of the research has been considered the entrepreneurial branding process in the knowledge-based firms of the state and the casual, demographic and intervening conditions of this phenomenon were identified after fulfilling research stages. It was also offered the results and consequences of branding in these types of institutes in the model.
Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retraction of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs

Amongst Mesozoic marine reptiles, metriorhynchid crocodylomorphs were unique in evolving into pelagically adapted forms with little-to-no posterodorsal retraction of the external nares. Narial retraction is a common adaptation seen in sustained swimmers, notably occurring during cetacean evolution. Mesosaurids and the basalmost known members of ichthyosauriforms, thalattosaurians, saurosphargids, sauropterygians, pleurosaurids and mosasauroids had the external nares divided by an ossified bar, bound by multiple cranial bones and were positioned back from the tip of the rostrum. However, metriorhynchids evolved from taxa with a single external naris bound solely by the premaxilla, and positioned near the tip of an elongate rostrum. We posit that metriorhynchids were uniquely disadvantaged in evolving into sustained swimmers. Herein we describe three Late Jurassic metriorhynchid cranial rostra that display differing degrees of narial retraction. In our new phylogenetic analyses, the backwards migration of the narial fossa posterior margin occurred independently at least four times in Metriorhynchidae, whereas the backwards migration of the anterior margin only occurred twice. Although Rhacheosaurini share the backwards migration of the anterior and posterior narial margins, posterodorsal retraction occurred differently along three lineages. This culminated in the Early Cretaceous, where a rhacheosaurin evolved nares bound by the premaxilla and maxilla, and significantly posterodorsally retracted.
2- Isopentenyladenine in the induction of direct somatic embryogenesis capacity of Coffea arabica L.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of 2-isopentenyladenine (2-iP) on the direct somatic embryogenesis capacity of the Mundo Novo cultivar of Coffea arabica. Leaf explants were cultivated with half the MS salt concentration and the addition of sucrose (20gL-1) and 2-iP (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5 and 10µM). The 2-iP doses of 7.5 and 10µM produced the greatest responses with respect to the percentage of explants with embryogenic structures and the size of the embryogenic structures. However, the greatest production of somatic embryos occurred on the explants treated with 10µM of 2-iP, followed by 7.5µM, whereas their production was absent or reduced with 0 and 5µM, respectively.