Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-sensor fusion for robust computation of breathing rate

Respiratory information can be obtained from the changes in electrical impedance across the chest, the electrocardiogram or the changes in light absorption across the finger. Running estimates of the breathing rate from each of these can be obtained from independent Kalman filters. A robust estimate of breathing rate is derived by fusing the outputs of these independent Kalman filters using a weighting calculated from the squared differences between each prediction from the filters and the corresponding measurements.
PWM inverter controlled by a small saturable core

A sinusoidal PWM inverter with MOSFETs controlled by an extremely small magnetic core is presented, which is simple and of high efficiency under high frequency switching. The circuit is based on the principle of the transistor core multivibrator. However the saturable core is used for PWM in the gate drive circuit. This inverter is especially suitable for small UPS system.
Small Inverted-U Loop Antenna for Gps Application

This paper proposes a small and thin circularly polarized (CP) inverted-U loop antenna for GPS applications. The proposed antenna having 9 mm in height is suitable to be placed in the edge of laptop computer's upper case. The operating frequency band centered at 1570 MHz is resonated by the inverted-U strip, which length is about 1/2 wavelength of 1570 MHz in dielectric (εr = 4.4). When the proposed antenna is mounted on the system ground of 49 * 90 (handset phones), 60 * 130 (PDA), and 170 * 220 (laptop computers) mm2, the CP radiation is achieved by two traveling wave modes. The correspondences of both simulated and measured results are shown in this paper. In addition, the field test result shows that the proposed antenna assembled on 170*220 mm2 system ground provides acceptable GPS data transmission.
fybrrLink: Efficient QoS-Aware Routing in SDN Enabled Future Satellite Networks

Providing high-speed Internet services using satellite networks have attracted researchers from both academia and industry mainly due to the characteristics of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks such as global coverage, scalability, and lower transmission delays. Implementation of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) in Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) can help to achieve the goals set for 5G and beyond networks. Since satellite networks have a specific architecture, some of the legacy protocols no longer remain useful. Therefore, to satisfy the diverse Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for a variety of applications, we propose a novel and centralized QoS-aware routing algorithm, called fybrrLink in which the global view of the network in SDN is utilized. We implement a modified Bresenham’s algorithm and Dijkstra’s algorithm to find the optimal path in a significantly reduced computation time. Also, taking advantage of the deterministic satellite constellation, we propose a flow rule transfer algorithm and a topology monitoring algorithm. Further, fybrrLink is evaluated with multiple NS3 simulations, and results confirm that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms.
Correction of field instabilities in biomolecular solid-state NMR by simultaneous acquisition of a frequency reference

Abstract With the advent of faster magic-angle spinning (MAS) and higher magnetic fields, the resolution of biomolecular solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra has been continuously increasing. As a direct consequence, the always narrower spectral lines, especially in proton-detected spectroscopy, are also becoming more sensitive to temporal instabilities of the magnetic field in the sample volume. Field drifts in the order of tenths of parts per million occur after probe insertion or temperature change, during cryogen refill, or are intrinsic to the superconducting high-field magnets, particularly in the months after charging. As an alternative to a field–frequency lock based on deuterium solvent resonance rarely available for solid-state NMR, we present a strategy to compensate non-linear field drifts using simultaneous acquisition of a frequency reference (SAFR). It is based on the acquisition of an auxiliary 1D spectrum in each scan of the experiment. Typically, a small-flip-angle pulse is added at the beginning of the pulse sequence. Based on the frequency of the maximum of the solvent signal, the field evolution in time is reconstructed and used to correct the raw data after acquisition, thereby acting in its principle as a digital lock system. The general applicability of our approach is demonstrated on 2D and 3D protein spectra during various situations with a non-linear field drift. SAFR with small-flip-angle pulses causes no significant loss in sensitivity or increase in experimental time in protein spectroscopy. The correction leads to the possibility of recording high-quality spectra in a typical biomolecular experiment even during non-linear field changes in the order of 0.1 ppm h -1 without the need for hardware solutions, such as stabilizing the temperature of the magnet bore. The improvement of linewidths and peak shapes turns out to be especially important for 1 H-detected spectra under fast MAS, but the method is suitable for the detection of carbon or other nuclei as well.
Experimental comparison of the effect of discrete and distributed path inband crosstalk on system performance: application to predicting system performance penalties

The system performance degradations of inband crosstalk produced by distributed Rayleigh scattering and a single discrete time delayed path have been measured in the same system. Rayleigh scatter crosstalk degrades performance more than equal amounts of discrete crosstalk. By parameterizing the system bit error rate (BER) and received power, we have separated the optical and electrical noise contributions to the BER based on their intensity and crosstalk scaling. We observed behavior consistent with earlier models, but found an unexpected increase in the total optical noise. This excess noise had a very regular linear scaling with crosstalk power. Because of its well defined crosstalk and intensity scaling, this easily measured noise term can be used as a correction to established models to more accurately estimate system performance at high optical powers and low crosstalk levels.
Study on Grouting Heave for Pipeline Underground in Urban Tunnel Engineering

Surface settlement and ground loss can be found inevitably and safety risk of pipeline underground is brought consequently due to excavation, no matter what kind of construction method is adopted. Grouting is increasingly used as the corrective measure to minimize the safety risk of pipeline underground, which means grouting in subjacent bed to raising the pipeline and keep settlement in control. Based on the project of raising an existing pipeline by grouting during the construction of the Huangzhuang station of Beijing Metro, general empirical formula and the finite-difference numerical simulation by FLAC are introduced to study the pipeline deformation caused by excavation, fracture grouting is designed in accordance with the factors mentioned above. The research results can provide references to the construction and design of raising pipeline by grouting in urban tunnel engineering.
Piezoresistive characteristics of short-channel MOSFETs on (100) silicon

This paper demonstrates that the intrinsic piezoresistive response of the MOSFET channel is independent of length. The reported fall-off of the piezoresistive response of the transistor in short channel devices is shown to be the result of parasitic series resistance in the source of the transistor. At the same time, the experimental results demonstrate that the threshold voltage of the devices is essentially independent of stress. The results are verified for three independent processes.
Molecular docking, molecular dynamic and drug-likeness studies of natural flavonoids as inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro)

The emergence of the global pandemic COVID-19 lead to a huge demand for the therapeutic agent to combat the disease. Since the FDA approval of some of HIV-1 main protease inhibitors such as ritonavir lopinavir to treat COVID-19, the investigation of anti-HIV inhibitor to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is getting considerably much attention. This study evaluates the potency of sixteen selected natural flavonoids which were previously reported active to block HIV-1 protease as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The molecular docking and dynamic study were completed to know the binding affinity and stability of the protein-ligand complex via docking study along with molecular dynamic simulations. Moreover, drug-likeness was also evaluated through via ADMET evaluation. This study revealed robinin (6), a flavonol molecule with linked to galactose-rhamnose at C3 and rhamnose molecule at C7, exhibited the highest binding affinity (-9 kcal/mol) among others. The amino acids that interacted with robinin were Asn142;Gly143;Arg188;Thr190. The binding affinity of robinin surpassed the binding affinity of ritonavir (-7.7 kcal/mol) and lopinavir (-8.2 kcal/mol). The replacement of the hydroxyl group from the flavonoid skeleton at C-7, C-4' was proposed to affect the binding affinity. The free hydroxyl group particularly in A ring and the position of the hydroxyl group were important to improve the binding affinity. The molecular dynamic simulation showed the stability of Mpro-robinin during the simulation period. The ADME evaluation referring to Lipinski`s rule of 5 revealed that the flavonoids (2,5,6,9,10,13,14,15) show low oral bioavailability and absorption. Robinin exhibited a good drug-likeness score (value:1) with an unconcerned level of acute toxicity. From this study, it was concluded that robinin showed the most potent natural flavonoids studied to inhibit SASR-CoV-2 Mpro by both docking study and ADME/tox properties evaluation.
Vehicle Security: A Survey of Security Issues and Vulnerabilities, Malware Attacks and Defenses

Recent years have led the path to the evolution of automotive technology and with these new developments, modern vehicles are getting increasingly astute and offering growing quantities of innovative applications that cover various functionalities. These functionalities are controlled by hundreds of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) which are connected to each other via the Control Area Network (CAN) bus. Although ECUs are designed to offer various amenities that are associated with modern vehicles including comfort, such features expose new attack surfaces that can be harnessed by attackers. This trend is exacerbated by the fact that many of these ECUs rely on wireless communication for interacting with the outside world. Therefore, making them vulnerable to common threats such as malware injection that can compromise the overall security of modern vehicles. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of the architecture associated with intelligent vehicles, and identify various security issues and vulnerabilities that impact such systems. We provide an overview of different malware types and the vectors of attacks they leverage for infecting modern vehicles. This work also presents a detailed survey of available defenses against such attacks including: signature, behavior, heuristic, cloud, and machine learning-based detection measures. Furthermore, this paper intends to assist researchers in becoming familiar with the available defenses and how they can be applied to secure intelligent vehicles against emerging malware threats that can compromise the security of today’s vehicles. It also provides future directions for researchers who are interested in developing new defenses that can safeguard intelligent vehicles systems against malware attacks.
ALTERNATIVE MODES OF MODELLING ASSESSMENT - A LITERATURE REVIEW 1

This paper presents a discussion of literature investigating assessment of mathematical modelling. Hands-on tests, projects and contests are found in the reviewed papers as an alternative to written tests. Projects drawing on a holistic view on modelling competencies are described as an ideal method for assessment, but problems regarding reliability of assessing projects are identified. To assess the quality of students' work with mathematical models an elaborated view on the meaning of quality of mathematical models is needed.
Design of an Energy and Maintenance System User Interface for Building Occupants

In this paper, we describe the design of a user interface for energy and maintenance systems in commercial buildings. The user interface is designed for use by occupants (tenants) of commercial buildings. Our hypothesis is that by allowing tenants access to information from the energy and maintenance systems and by giving them some control over these systems, energy and maintenance performance can be improved. We used interviews with potential users and existing energy and maintenance databases to guide the design. We found that the feature most important to occupants is the ability to track service requests. We included several features from the interviews that should improve occupant satisfaction with maintenance and operations and simultaneously improve operational efficiency. We show results of implementing the user interface in two government office buildings.
Écoulements transitoires dans les massifs autour d'une galerie en charge. Application à la mise en service de l'ouvrage

Dans l'etude des souterrains, et plus particulierement dans celle de galeries d'adduction d'eau, les phenomenes hydrauliques dans les structures, en particulier les ecoulements poreux dans le terrain, dans le revetement, constituent un element tres important pour la tenue et l'etancheite de l'ouvrage. Ces actions deviennent d'ailleurs predominantes lorsque les terrains, dans lesquels se trouve la galerie, compte tenu de leur bonne qualite, n'exercent pas d'effort particulier. La connaissance approfondie des phenomenes hydrauliques dans les massifs et des echanges d'eau qui s'etablissent entre l'ouvrage et le terrain permet d'alleger les revetements des galeries, comme le montre M. Bouvard dans l'article cite en reference(l) . L'auteur s'interesse, dans l'article cite ci-dessus, aux fuites de la galerie et aux efforts que subit le revetement une fois que l'ecoulement qui s'etablit autour de la galerie est stabilise, c'est-a-dire en periode d'exploitation normale de l'ouvrage. Pendant les phases transitoires (remplissage, vidange), et tant que le regime permanent n'est pas atteint, les resultats de l'etude precedente ne sont pas valables. Les efforts appliques sur le revetement et les pertes de la galerie sont d'ailleurs tres nettement superieurs en phase transitoire a ce qu'ils sont en regime permanent.
Classification and Synthesis of Planetary Gear Trains

Application of topological graphs to analyze and synthesize planetary gear trains (PGTs) is an effective approach in searching for innovative planetary trains. A new graph representation and stratification standard are introduced firstly. Then three topological graphs of basic structure and four fundamental units (FUs) of PGTs are established as the basis of synthesis theory. Next the topological characteristics, combination system and evolutionary type of different PGTs are summarized. And the criterion and method of isomorphic determination are presented by an example. According to four types of FUs, a formula of the quantity of combined PGTs is built up. Finally a new system of classification and synthesis for PGTs is put forward according to the feature of loops in topological graphs.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Modelling and control of an autonomous articulated mining vehicle navigating a predefined path

This research is conducted on machine dynamics and steering control of an articulated surface mining large wheel loader (LWL) navigating a predefined path. Modelling a LWL based on computational multibody dynamics is achieved by modelling each system of the articulated vehicle separately then merging them to form an overall system of an articulated vehicle navigating a predefined path. This model includes the front and rear frames, articulated hinge, steering actuators, tyre model, steering controller and a predefined path. Fuzzy and PID steering controllers are developed and simulated. Results show that it is possible to model large articulated vehicles as a multibody mechanical system. Both of the developed controllers are able to control the lateral and longitudinal motion of the vehicle and drive the machine over the desired path accurately. The fuzzy logic controller has longer rising time but shorter settling time when compared with the PID controller.
Approaches to electronic miniaturization

Over the past few years, dramatic progress has been made in miniaturizing electronics products. This has been driven by many forces, the chief of which have been increasing integration at the integrated-circuit chip level and competitiveness in the consumer marketplace. This paper examines elements that lead to effective miniaturization, including components, materials, and manufacturing processes. Specific examples are presented, including the "smart card," wireless headsets, and the PCMCIA modem. >
State-of-the-art of Privacy Preserving Data Aggregation Methods for MANET

Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) have come out as a main future generation wireless networking technology. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks have been widely used in commercial and tactical domains. Privacy preservation is an important issue in today’s context of extreme penetration of Internet and mobile technologies. It is more important in MANET environment because MANET accumulate sensitive or confidential data so privacy becomes an important concern. Providing efficient data aggregation while preserving data privacy is a challenging problem in MANET. MANET nodes are having resource limitation which includes power bottle neck too. To handle the issue of this limitation there are so many solutions which includes data aggregation technique too. MANETs face privacy breach risks and energy consumption.
Solid freeforming of ceramics using a drop-on-demand jet printer

Abstract The formulation of a stabilized ceramic ink and the adaptation of a piezoelectric-activated drop- on-demand jet printer with a 65 mm nozzle for the direct solid freeforming of ceramics by multilayer jet printing is reported. The procedure has exciting implications for the miniaturization of ceramic circuits and for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells, ordered ceramic composites and small monolithic ceramic components of complex shape.
Impact of Equine-Assisted Interventions on Heart Rate Variability in Two Participants with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Pilot Study

People with disabilities due to genetic origin often present high levels of stress: non-pharmacological interventions such as Equine-Assisted Interventions (EAI) may be a useful strategy. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate stress levels in two participants with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome diagnosis, immediately after carrying out the EAI. A single case experimental design methodology was chosen due to the small sample size. Two participants with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, a rare disease, with different comorbidities were included. The present study considered the EAI as the independent variable while the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) represented the dependent one, as HRV is considered an indicator of stress level. Measurements were performed before and after carrying out the interventions. The results showed an HRV increase in one of the participants and an increase in the arousal level evidenced by a decrease in his HRV. After having carried out the program, EAI seems to cause an impact on the activation level of the participants depending on the typology and nature of the intervention. However, these results should be treated with caution due to the small sample size. This study is a pilot to test the feasibility of the proposed interventions on the variable under study.
Radecznica memory game. An educational workshop

The paper describes and discusses the educational workshop in the form of a board game jam held in Radecznica, a village in Eastern Poland. The event, organised by researchers from the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, was a follow-up of the research project on uncommemorated Jewish mass graves in the area. The aim of the workshop was to facilitate individual reflection on local Holocaust killings amongst the participating adults, as well as to bolster the memory of mass graves in Radecznica. Combining Holocaust memories with the didactic properties of rapid board game design, it was also an attempt to employ game jams as a method in Holocaust-related education. The workshop’s success leaves us optimistic regarding the method and its possible applications in the future.
Development of a 915-MHz Direct-Contact Applicator for Therapeutic Heating of Tissues

The design of a 915-MHz diathermy dielectric-loaded applicator with a TE/sub 10/-mode aperture field distribution is described. The lightweight porous dielectric used for loading the applicator allows for the transmission of refrigerated air through the cavity to provide surface cooling so therapeutic temperature can be produced in deep tissues without excessive heating of surface tissues. The design is based on theoretical calculations previously developed by the authors which predict optimal size of the aperture and field distribution that would provide the best heating patterns in deep layers of tissue. Experimental evaluations of the heating of tissues of models and human beings are discussed.
Uncovering secrets behind low-resistance planing craft hull forms through optimization

There has always been significant interest within the naval architectural research community to identify ship hull forms with low resistance. While numerous design optimization frameworks have been proposed over the years to support the activity, very little attention has been paid towards the process of gaining an understanding of ‘what makes a good ship design superior? ’. Furthermore, there have been limited attempts to identify computationally cheap indicators that can be used to distinguish between good and poor designs. A recent technique named discovery of innovative design principles, which is aimed at understanding the relationship between the design variables, is incorporated in this work. In this article, optimal high-speed planing craft hull forms with minimum calm-water resistance are identified through the use of three state-of-the-art optimization algorithms. Collections of such designs are then used to uncover insights into the underlying relationships between the variables. The importance of such relationships is further analysed to identify computationally cheap performance indicators that can be used in lieu of detailed calm-water resistance calculations. Such indicators are useful at the concept and preliminary design stages, where one needs to sieve efficiently through a number of candidate designs to identify the better ones for further analysis.
Adaptive Neural Network Control of a Self-balancing Two-wheeled Scooter

This paper presents an adaptive neural network control for a two-wheeled self-balancing scooter for pedagogical purposes. A mechatronic system structure driven by two DC motors is described, and its mathematical modeling incorporating the friction between the wheels and motion surface is derived. By decomposing the overall system into two subsystems: rotation and inverted pendulum, we design two adaptive radial-basis-function (RBF) neural network (DOF) controllers to achieve self- balancing and rotation control. Experimental results indicate that the proposed controllers are capable of providing appropriate control actions to steer the vehicle in desired manners.