Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sub‐center health profiling and health care delivery services in a rural community of northern India

Background: Sub-Center is the most peripheral point of contact where the staffs is assigned tasks relating to bring behavioral changes in the community and offer services related to maternal and child health, nutrition, immunization, family welfare and contraception, school health services, adolescent health care, water and sanitation, disease surveillance, control of communicable diseases, implementation of national health programmes, house to house visits and outreach/field services. Material and Methods: This paper is based on the secondary data which was available at the Sub-Center which is located in a rural area, 25 kms from the capital city of Jammu & Kashmir state on the hilly terrains. The data was collected from April 2016 to January 2017 by trained FMPHW/ANMs who carried out the door to door visits of each household and recorded data on a predesigned pretested Pro forma. Results: Socio-demographic characteristics of the community subject's shows female predominant population with women outnumber men with a ratio of 94 men to 100 women. 74% of the population is in the adult age group. Among the total households (180), most are joint families with 100% non-vegetarian diet pattern see in the community. 66% of the total households belong to the middle socioeconomic status. Accessibility of health-care services was analyzed using indicators for which all the households mentioned to have easy access to the health care system, always find the health worker at the subcenter during duty hours and find the services provided at the sub-center cost-effective. Most of the households had easy access to the Sub-Center location while some of the households find in difficult in reaching the Subcenter and some household's complaint of non-availability of drugs. Conclusion: Our study was one of its kind studies which demonstrated the health profiling and health services assessment of a particular sub-center located in hilly rural area of Kashmir valley. The presence of the sub-center in the area and the services delivered by it are well accepted by the local rural community, which in turn has resulted in better health status of the community population.
Pneumonectomy Complicated by Bronchopleural Fistula and Empyema: A Case Report and Review of Literature

AbstractThoracic empyema with or without an associated bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is one of the most common complications after a pneumonectomy. We discuss the case of a 72-year-old gentleman with stage III poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, who underwent right thoracoscopic pneumonectomy and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Postoperatively, he developed a BPF and empyema with quinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Subsequently, he underwent a right thoracoscopic drainage and debridement of the chest cavity followed by repair of the BPF with omental pouch. He was then treated with intravenous tigecycline and meropenem for 20 days with gradual clinical improvement. We discuss the pathophysiology of empyema, microorganisms involved, and the role of appropriate antibiotic therapy. We also describe various preoperative and intraoperative strategies to prevent the development of empyema and how both medical and surgical interventions play an important role in the management of these patients.
Dislipidemia y relación con enfermedad tiroidea en agricultores de la zona cafetera

Introducción: Tiroxina libre (T4L), triyodo tironina libre (T3L) y hormona estimulante del Tiroides (TSH), se reconocen como reguladoras de síntesis, movilización y degradación de lípidos. Objetivo: Encontrar una relación entre dislipidemias y enfermedad tiroidea en una población adulta. Métodos: Este fue un estudio de corte transversal, en 819 individuos. Se midieron TSH, T4L, colesterol total (CT), colesterol en lipoproteínas de baja densidad (C-LDL), colesterol en lipoproteínas de alta densidad (C-HDL) y triglicéridos (TG). Resultados: La población general mostró CT, C-LDL normales, C-HDL bajo y TG elevados. La prevalencia de dislipidemia fue: CT elevado 31,9%, C-HDL < 40 mg/dl 57,9%. C-LDL alto 24,3% y TG ≥200 mg/dl, 26%. La frecuencia de TSH ≥ 4,6 mIU/L fue 8,1%. La prevalencia de hipotiroidismo manifiesto fue de 1,2% y la de hipotiroidismo subclínico de 6,7%. La prevalencia de CT elevado en individuos con hipotiroidismo manifiesto y en normales fue de 50,0% y 31,6% respectivamente. Mientras en hipotiroidismo subclínico fue de 43,6% y 31,0% p: 0,04 para CT elevado); 40,0% y 23,2% p: 0,006 para C-LDL elevado. Se encontró relación significativa entre TSH ≥4,6 mIU/L con CT elevado (OR 1,9 p 0,01) y C-LDL elevada (OR 2,5 p: 0,001); La frecuencia de C-LDL elevado fue 2,2 veces mayor en personas con hipotiroidismo subclínico que en personas con niveles normales de TSH. Conclusión: En los trabajadores del agro, por sus particulares condiciones socio económicas y de acceso al sistema de salud, es importante diseñar programas de tamizaje de biomarcadores que permitan avizorar de manera precoz cambios en las hormonas tiroideas, TSH y perfil lipídico, para realizar intervenciones de prevención secundaria que contribuyan a la disminución de la morbimortalidad por eventos cardiovasculares.
Cardiac Imaging for Regenerative Therapy and Tissue Engineering

Cardiovascular disease remains the number 1 cause of death worldwide. Over the past 20 years, therapies for treating cardiac disease have come of age and coronary heart disease in particular has seen a revolution in new treatments such as statins, stents and beta blockers. These therapies have slowed death rates and have shown potential to minimise ischemia induced atrophy following myocardial infarction. Crucially however, they are unable to recover lost heart function due to cardiomyocyte death, resulting in poor prognosis for patients. Myocardial regeneration therapy is a new strategy towards treating cardiac disease that engrafts regenerative cells and biomaterials to the myocardium to stimulate repair of tissue and restore contractile function. Cardiac regeneration therapy has made a rapid translation from preclinical research to clinical trials with the first trial in humans published in 2001. Clinical trials in the years since however have produced underwhelming results and there is a general consensus that further preclinical optimisation with powerful non-invasive imaging data will be key to the future success of regenerative medicine in humans. Magnetic resonance imaging is unparalleled in providing non-invasive multiparametric imaging of both global and regional cardiac structure and function. MRI provides high spatiotemporal resolution and multiple contrast mechanisms revealing information about molecular changes in the myocardium. These imaging abilities make MRI a versatile and powerful tool in the preclinical optimisation of cardiac regeneration therapies. Over the chapters presented in this thesis I have established a set of MR imaging techniques that enable valuable in vivo characterisation of cardiac function and structure in for use in studies of regenerative therapy. It is hoped that the methods developed over the course of this thesis aid in the uptake of imaging applications in studies of regenerative medicine and that the wide range of imaging tools demonstrated help to bring regenerative medicine closer to practical clinical therapy.
Extensive paraphyly in the typical owl family (Strigidae)

ABSTRACT The typical owl family (Strigidae) comprises 194 species in 28 genera, 14 of which are monotypic. Relationships within and among genera in the typical owls have been challenging to discern because mitochondrial data have produced equivocal results and because many monotypic genera have been omitted from previous molecular analyses. Here, we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) from 43 species of typical owls to produce concatenated and multispecies coalescent-based phylogenetic hypotheses for all but one genus in the typical owl family. Our results reveal extensive paraphyly of taxonomic groups across phylogenies inferred using different analytical approaches and suggest the genera Athene, Otus, Asio, Megascops, Bubo, and Strix are paraphyletic, whereas Ninox and Glaucidium are polyphyletic. Secondary analyses of protein-coding mitochondrial genes harvested from off-target sequencing reads and mitochondrial genomes downloaded from GenBank generally support the extent of paraphyly we observe, although some disagreements exist at higher taxonomic levels between our nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenetic hypotheses. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of taxon sampling for understanding and describing evolutionary relationships in this group, as well as the need for additional sampling, study, and taxonomic revision of typical owl species. Additionally, our findings highlight how both divergence and convergence in morphological characters have obscured our understanding of the evolutionary history of typical owls, particularly those with insular distributions.
ENTERING ROCINHA: A GIS APPROACH FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN A SLUM IN RIO DE JANEIRO (BRAZIL)

Solid waste management (SWM) is recognized worldwide as an important issue to deal with in pursuing livability. The favela (slum) of Rocinha represents a good synthesis of all challenges which can be encountered in this field: high population density , lack of space and narrow streets, residents struggling with low incomes. In Rocinha, services coverage is lacking and unsatisfying in many sectors, including SWM. In this study, we investigate the reason for this inadequacy. Waste streams have been analyzed as a first step. The second step was the description of the SWM system and of its criticalities. All accessible information has been used and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) played an important role in the data processing. In the final discussion, we suggest a small-scale and decentralized waste management network, collaborating with the centralized collection system. This study is a piece of the project Polimipararocinha of Politecnico di Milano (Italy) which pursues the overall urban re-qualification of Rocinha.
Role of susceptibility weighted imaging in characterization of intra-cranial lesions

Background: Intrinsic differences between magnetic susceptibility of tissues can be used to generate a unique type of contrast in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), particularly to characterize tissues and improve the sensitivity for certain lesions, most notably hemorrhagic foci or calcification. Methods: A blinded retrospective review of all brain imaging studies done at our centre between March 2014 and February 2016. One of them reviewed the MR images with exclusion of SWI, while the other radiologist reviewed the entire set of images including SWI. Their findings were then compared to study the efficacy of SWI in better detection and characterization of lesions. Results: The study included 3710 patients with different brain lesions. SWI revealed positive lesions in at least 619 of these patients. 21 patients with traumatic brain injury, 32 patients with cerebral microbleeds, 78 patients with brain tumors, 27 patients with venous malformations, 128 patients with intra-cranial calcifications, 277 patients with infarcts and 56 patients with extra-axial hemorrhage. Out of the 619 lesions, SWI played a significant role in lesion characterization in at least 198 patients which is about 5.33% of our total cohort of 3710 patients. Conclusion: SWI images are fast sequences requiring no more than a total scan time of about 3 minutes. Inclusion of this sequence as a part of brain pathology canplay an important role in diagnosing different brain lesions as well as avoiding missing hemorrhagic lesions thus aviding inappropriate therapeutic regimens with catastrophic results.
Classification of treatment tuberculosis history based on machine learning techniques

An important step in data Tuberculosis analysis is data exploration and representation. Tuberculosis treatment is crucial to protect the patients and it can lead to death in untreated in countries with low income. In this case, we use the machine learning technique by using Decision Tree and Random Forest for classification the tuberculosis to analysis and represented based on the treatment history. We use Tuberculosis dataset which employed from Province Aceh, Indonesia. The result indicated the performance of the designed arrangement was successful and could be used in Tuberculosis treatment analysis based on the histories in Aceh Utara and Lhoksumawe.
Explaining the past, predicting the future: the influence of regional trajectories on innovation networks of new industries in emerging economies

ABSTRACT Economic geographers have recently made important contributions to understanding of the relationship between regional transformation, industrial specialisation and innovation networks in the emergence of new industries. However, most contemporary research has focused on the influence of networks on regional trajectories, paying lip service to how regional trajectories also influence network configurations. Furthermore, international comparative research on how specific regional innovation system (RIS) trajectories may shape innovation networks in new industrial sectors is underdeveloped. The paper investigates how the trajectories of Bangalore and Beijing RISs influence the objectives and geographical configuration of innovation networks in the new media industry. The co-evolution of different elements of the RIS trajectory points to the unfolding of a politically and institutionally driven trajectory in Beijing, and a cognitively driven trajectory in Bangalore. These trajectories lead to specific barriers and opportunities for the development of innovation networks in new industries.
Supporting forced migrant resettlement with a location based freecycling service

Forced migrants face many challenges when trying to settle into life in a new city. Social isolation is one common consequence of the upheaval they experience. Research has shown that technology can ease various parts of the resettlement process, but work is needed to see how it can address social isolation in particular. We hypothesized that a location-based freecycling service would be particularly suitable for this purpose, due to freecycling’s potential to bolster social engagement and location-based services’ ability to adapt to the user’s context. We conducted needs assessment interviews with five forced migrants and six freecyclers in Münster, Germany. We analyzed the results of the interviews to develop user requirements for a theoretical service. We implemented a subset of the user requirements as part of a prototype mobile app. Then we evaluated the app with 6 forced migrants and 16 freecyclers during a two-week trial. Our investigation showed that, with careful design, a location-based freecycling service can meet the needs of both locally established freecyclers and forced migrants seeking to reduce their social isolation. These findings contribute to literature on the needs of forced migrants and how to meet those needs with geospatial technologies. Our findings can benefit researchers of forced migrant social isolation and developers of location-based and other services to support forced migrant resettlement.
Design and implementation of power management strategies for long range radio modules with energy harvesting. (Conception et implémentation de stratégies de gestion d'énergie pour modules radio longue portée avec récupération d'énergie)

L'avenement de l'Internet des Objets a permis de deployer de nombreux reseaux de capteurs sans-fil. Ces reseaux sont utilises dans des domaines aussi varies que l'agriculture, l'industrie ou la ville intelligente, ou ils permettent d'optimiser finement les processus. Ces appareils sont le plus souvent alimentes par des piles ou batteries, ce qui limite leur autonomie. De plus, il n'est pas toujours possible ou financierement viable de changer ou recharger les batteries. Une solution possible est d'alimenter ces capteurs en recuperant l'energie presente dans l'environnement alentour. Ces sources d'energie sont cependant peu fiables, et le capteur doit etre capable d'eviter de vider completement sa reserve d'energie. Afin de moduler sa consommation d'energie, le capteur peut adapter sa qualite de service a ses capacites energetiques. L'appareil peut ainsi fonctionner en continu sans interruption de service. Cette these presente les methodes utilisees pour la conception d'un capteur entierement autonome alimente par recuperation d'energie ambiante, communiquant sur un reseau longue portee LoRa. Afin d'assurer l'alimentation electrique, une carte permettant de recuperer de l'energie depuis plusieurs sources d'energie simultanement a ete concue. Un module logiciel de gestion d'energie a ensuite ete developpe afin de calculer un budget energetique que le capteur peut depenser, et choisir la meilleure maniere de depenser ce budget pour executer une ou plusieurs tâches. Ce travail a ainsi permis le developpement d'un prototype de produit industriel entierement autonome en energie.
Chromaticity based Smoke Removal in Endoscopic Image

In minimally invasive surgery, image quality is a critical pre-requisite to ensure a surgeons ability to perform a procedure. In endoscopic procedures, image quality can deteriorate for a number of reasons such as fogging due to the temperature gradient after intra-corporeal insertion, lack of focus and due to smoke generated when using electro-cautery to dissect tissues without bleeding. In this paper we investigate the use of vision processing techniques to remove surgical smoke and improve the clarity of the image. We model the image formation process by introducing a haze medium to account for the degradation of visibility. For simplicity and computational e ciency we use an adapted dark-channel prior method combined with histogram equalization to remove smoke artifacts to recover the radiance image and enhance the contrast and brightness of the nal result. Our initial results on images from robotic assisted procedures are promising and show that the proposed approach may be used to enhance image quality during surgery without additional suction devices. In addition, the processing pipeline may be used as an important part of a robust surgical vision pipeline that can continue working in the presence of smoke.
SPORT PARTICIPATION AFTER INJURY OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT

One of the most common problems involving the knee joint is an anterior cruciate ligament injury or ACL tear. Of the four major knee ligaments of the knee, an ACL injury or rupture is the most debilitating knee ligament injury. Ligament injuries in the knee joint often lead to premature end of sport career in athletes. Treatment following ACL rupture can be operative or conservative. In both cases, main goal of patient is to reach the best functional level, without risk of re-injury or degenerative changes in knee joint. Return to high level of sport performance is the indicator of successfull treatment. Rehabilitation represents crucial part of threatment. Knowledge on healing processes and knee biomechanics after injury and recostruction, along with physiologial aspects of training processess, is very importmant for the construction of training programs. Current rehabilitation programs use immediate trainings, i.e. exercises for the increasement of range of motion. In most cases, rehabilitation programs are being created relative to time which is needed for the returnment to certain sport activities. In this article, we would like to provide an overview of the current strategies for sport participation and rehabilitation after ACL injury. Operation, along with completed rehabilitation program, which is sport-specific, should lead to functional stability of knee joint. Furthermore, adequate muscle strength and performance can be presented as main criterias for the returning to sport activities. Another factors, such as additional injuries, sociological and psychological barieres, can also influence the returnement to sport activities. Therefore, they should be considered durring rehabilitation process and evaluation of the treatment.
An assessment of the integrated nutrition programme for malnourished children aged six months to five years at primary healthcare facilities in Mangaung, Free State, South Africa

Abstract Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), malnutrition can be linked to 45% of deaths in children under the age of five years. The Integrated Nutrition Programme (INP) was introduced in 1994 to address malnutrition in South Africa. There had been no systematic evaluation of how well clinics perform regarding nutritional services. Malnutrition rates worsened in the Free State from 3.9% in 2009 to 10.7% in 2013. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the INP Supplementary Feeding Programme in primary healthcare facilities in the Mangaung University of the Free State Community Partnership Project, known as MUCPP, catchment area of Bloemfontein, Free State, in children aged six months to five years. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive cohort study. All children between six months and five years entering the feeding scheme between July 2014 and June 2015 at the MUCPP, which is the hub of the feeding scheme, and three primary healthcare clinics were included. Data were collected from September to November 2015 from the INP registers and captured on data-extraction forms. Results: In total, 730 children were included in the study, 38.8% at risk for malnutrition and 61.2% malnourished. Most of the children (80.7%) stopped attending before change was seen. Only 14.1% exited the INP successfully with a normal weight for age and 3.0% deteriorated despite nutrition interventions. Of all children with one or more follow-up visits, 50.4% (119/236) improved from severe malnutrition to underweight or exited at target weight. Conclusions: The follow-up of the children and the monitoring and implementation of the INP are inadequate. There is some evidence that children who attend the INP regularly benefit from the programme.
A comparative analysis of the 3-field radiation treatment technique versus the 4-field radiation treatment technique in the treatment of patients presenting with either stage B or stage C prostate cancer

Radical radiotherapy is quite commonly used to treat localised prostate cancer. Acute and chronic toxicity to the bladder and rectum are dependant upon field arrangement, dose delivered to these organs and the volume of these organs that is within the target volume. A prospective study was conducted in order to determine whether the 3-field or the 4-field radiation treatment technique yields less severe bladder and rectal toxicity. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty patients with histologically confirmed stage B or C (Jewitt's staging system) prostate cancer, with or without radical prostatectomy were recruited from two private oncology institutions, 30 of whom were in group 1 (3-field technique) and 30 in group 2 (4-field technique). Pre-treatment and post-treatment prostatic specific antigen (PSA) levels were recorded in order to compare the effect of radiation on PSA. Both groups were treated in 2.00gy fractions per day to a dose of 60.00gy before the field arrangements were changed. This study therefore assessed the patients