Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increase in anti-apoptotic molecules, nucleolin, and heat shock protein 70, against upregulated LRRK2 kinase activity

ABSTRACT Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is involved in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathology. A previous study showed that rotenone treatment induced apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, and nucleolar disruption via up-regulated LRRK2 kinase activity, and these effects were rescued by an LRRK2 kinase inhibitor. Heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is an anti-oxidative stress chaperone, and overexpression of Hsp70 enhanced tolerance to rotenone. Nucleolin (NCL) is a component of the nucleolus; overexpression of NCL reduced cellular vulnerability to rotenone. Thus, we hypothesized that rotenone-induced LRRK2 activity would promote changes in neuronal Hsp70 and NCL expressions. Moreover, LRRK2 G2019S, the most prevalent LRRK2 pathogenic mutant with increased kinase activity, could induce changes in Hsp70 and NCL expression. Rotenone treatment of differentiated SH-SY5Y (dSY5Y) cells increased LRKK2 levels and kinase activity, including phospho-S935-LRRK2, phospho-S1292-LRRK2, and the phospho-moesin/moesin ratio, in a dose-dependent manner. Neuronal toxicity and the elevation of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, NCL, and Hsp70 were increased by rotenone. To validate the induction of NCL and Hsp70 expression in response to rotenone, cycloheximide (CHX), a protein synthesis blocker, was administered with rotenone. Post-rotenone increased NCL and Hsp70 expression was repressed by CHX; whereas, rotenone-induced kinase activity and apoptotic toxicity remained unchanged. Transient expression of G2019S in dSY5Y increased the NCL and Hsp70 levels, while administration of a kinase inhibitor diminished these changes. Similar results were observed in rat primary neurons after rotenone treatment or G2019S transfection. Brains from G2019S-transgenic mice also showed increased NCL and Hsp70 levels. Accordingly, LRRK2 kinase inhibition might prevent oxidative stress-mediated PD progression. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA: 6-hydroxydopamine; CHX: cycloheximide; dSY5Y: differentiated SH-SY5Y; g2019S tg: g2019S transgenic mouse; GSK/A-KI: GSK2578215A kinase inhibitor; HSP70: heat shock protein 70; LDH: lactose dehydrogenase; LRRK2: leucine rich-repeat kinase 2; MPTP: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; myc-GS LRRK2: myc-tagged g2019S LRRK2; NCL: nucleolin; PARP: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; PD: Parkinson’s disease; PINK1: PTEN-induced putative kinase 1; pmoesin: phosphorylated moesin at t558; ROS: reactive oxygen species GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
In Vivo Tumor Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy Based on Supra‐(Carbon Nanodots)

Carbon nanodots (CNDs) with high photothermal conversion efficiency are considered as emerging nanomaterials for advanced biomedical applications attributing to their high biocompatibility, low‐cost, and unique photophysical properties. In previous work, supra‐CNDs are synthesized exhibiting high absorption in the near‐infrared (NIR) region and good NIR photothermal conversion performance. In this work, supra‐CNDs are explored as a photothermal agent for photothermal therapy (PTT) and a contrast agent for photoacoustic (PA) imaging, respectively. As a result, in vivo tumor PTT is realized under 655 nm laser irradiation via intratumor injecting supra‐CNDs. In vivo PA imaging reveals that supra‐CNDs can accumulate in the tumor tissue via the blood circulation after intravenous injection. Moreover, in vivo PTT is conducted after intravenous injection and subsequent tumor accumulation of supra‐CNDs, and the lives of mice are prolonged due to the tumor growth inhibition after PTT. These attractive properties indicate that the supra‐CNDs can be used as biomedical agents for PA imaging and tumor therapy.
Exploratory Study of Depressed Adolescents’ Life Narratives

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the life stories of depressive adolescents and compare them with non-clinical adolescents’ life stories. Methods: For this purpose, we compared 20 life stories of hospitalized adolescents suffering from major depressive episode with 40 life stories of adolescents attending school divided into two groups: 20 non-depressed and 20 depressed adolescents. Results: Results showed that life stories differed as a function of psychopathology. Depressed hospitalized adolescents spoke about their disease and defined themselves by their depression. The depressed adolescents in school concentrated on schooling and school achievements, while the non-depressed group defined themselves by their family, friends and inclusion in a peer group. Conclusion: These analyses allowed us to highlight specific themes mentioned by each of the three groups of adolescents. Although life stories are personal and unique, analysis of such stories allows us to better understand the daily reality of depressive adolescents and the relationships between the life events they experience, daily stressors, depression and how they construct their personal history.
Correlates of affiliate stigma among family caregivers of people with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? : A growing body of qualitative and quantitative research has investigated the experiences of affiliated stigma for family members of PWMI. Some findings are contradictory and have not been considered systematically. WHAT DOES THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE? : Family caregivers of PWMI may encounter affiliate stigma, but no systematic review or meta-analysis has been conducted to evaluate affiliate stigma among them. We identified eight variables significantly related to affiliate stigma among caregivers of PWMI. The findings can be used to help clinical practice to develop health promotion and prevention strategies. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE? : Affiliate stigma was prevalent among the family caregivers of PWMI and is important for clinicians to consider. Health-focused interventions for family caregivers can mediate the impact of affiliated stigma through provision of social support by practitioners, such as respite care based on the "Senses Framework," self-help groups and online support program. And the caregivers of PWMI might benefit from further support (e.g., psychoeducation) to improve their knowledge about mental illness. ABSTRACT: Introduction Many studies have investigated the correlates of affiliate stigma among family caregivers of people with mental illness (PWMI). Thus far, no systematic review or meta-analysis has been conducted to synthesize these results. Aims/Question This review aims to identify the correlates of affiliate stigma among family caregivers of PWMI. Method We searched four databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science for studies that investigated the association of affiliate sigma with socio-demographic, psychosocial and disease-related factors. Results Twenty-two studies including 3,381 participants met the inclusion criteria. Eighteen variables were included for the meta-analysis. For disease-related characteristics, only "disease attribution" and "care time/day" were associated with affiliate stigma. For psychosocial characteristics, "support from others," "burden," "depression," "stress," "distress" and "face concern" were related to affiliate stigma. Discussion This review is the first to assess the association of affiliate stigma with other characteristics of interest. However, the findings are limited due to a very small number of studies. Researchers should conduct in-depth study in this area and improve the quality of the literature. Implications for practice Health-focused interventions for family caregivers such as respite care, self-help groups, online support program and psychosocial education can mediate the impact of affiliated stigma.
Assessing the Effects of WFD Nutrient Reductions Within an OSPAR Frame Using Trans-boundary Nutrient Modeling

The reduction of riverine nutrients inputs is considered the means of choice to improve the eutrophication status of the southern North Sea. With the European Union's Water Framework Directive (WFD) reduction measures presently under debate, two questions arise: (1) What changes in eutrophication indicators can be expected? (2) How do the reductions by the individual member states contribute to these? We combine an element tracing method (TBNT) with a biogeochemical model to analyze the effects of WFD-compliant nitrogen reductions proposed by OSPAR's North Sea member states. We first analyze changes in selected OSPAR assessment parameters relative to a reference simulation. Second, we quantify the source-specific contributions to total nitrogen (TN) in different regions. An overall nitrogen load reduction of 14\,\% is achieved. However, the response shows significant spatial variations due to strong differences between the countries' load reductions. TN and dissolved inorganic nitrogen reductions up to 60\,\% and 35\,\% are simulated near the Bay of Seine (France) and in the German Bight, respectively. Along the Dutch coast, reductions are below 10\,\%, and no changes occur along the British coast. Reductions in chlorophyll-a are generally lower. The TBNT analysis for the German Exclusive Economic Zone shows a TN reduction in the coastal region comparable to the N reductions in the German rivers (\textasciitilde25\,\%). In the offshore region, TN is reduced by only 6\,\% due to the strong influence of riverine sources with only low reductions and non-riverine sources. Our analysis reveals that nonlinear responses in the biogeochemistry cause a faster removal of N from rivers with strong reductions by benthic denitrification, which enhances indirectly the removal of N from less reduced sources. Consequently, reductions in remote sources in non-problem areas can have a relevant positive effect on problem areas. This demonstrates that the TBNT method is an ideal tool to put in practice the ``source-oriented approach'' advocated by OSPAR, and to inform stakeholders about the effects of defined reduction strategies. However, an assessment framework is required to efficiently use it in management and for decision making, either by OSPAR, or in the context of WFD or Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
Three dimensional image reconstruction based on a wide-field optical coherence tomography system

Wide-field optical coherence tomography has a promising application for its high scanning rate and resolution. The principle of a wide-field optical coherence tomography system is described, and 2D images of glass slides are reconstructed using eight-stepped phase-shifting method in the system. Using VC6.0 and OpenGL programming, 3D images are reconstructed based on the Marching Cube algorithm with 2D image sequences. The experimental results show that the depth detection and three-dimensional tomography for translucent materials could be implemented efficiently in the WFOCT system.
An Enhanced Parameter Extraction of the WPT System Model Valid for Wide Operating Range

This paper presents the optimal capacitance values for magnetic resonance according to relative position of the transmitting and receiving coils for WPT system using 4-coils. The $\Pi$ -shape input impedance matching circuit method and the resonance frequency shifting method are proposed for the application of wide receiving range. Two methods have been compared by equivalent circuit analysis.
Adaptive Weighted Total Variation Minimization Based Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers for Limited Angle CT Reconstruction

In CT image reconstruction, the limited angle problem is an ill-posed problem. To solve this ill-posed problem, the total variation (TV) regularization has been widely used in image reconstruction. In recent years, an algorithm based on TV regularization and alternating direction multiplier method has been proposed and named as ADTVM. ADTVM can reconstruct high-quality images for the limited angle problem. However, ADTVM just considers the homogeneity of image at different directions. In real application, image possesses different properties at different directions. Therefore, we construct an adaptive weighted TV (AwTV) regularization and propose the ADM-AwTV method on the basis of ADTVM. ADM-AwTV is an iterative image reconstruction method which can reveal the anisotropy of image, adaptively. In each iteration, the weights of different directions can update according to the last reconstruction image. Experiments on two simulation images and one real projection data show that the proposed method achieves better reconstruction results than the other iterative image reconstruction methods such as ART-TV and ADTVM for the limited angle problem.
Neurotrophin-4 induces myelin protein zero expression in cultured Schwann cells via the TrkB/PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway

ABSTRACT Myelin formation during peripheral nervous system development, as well as myelin repair after injury and in disease, requires multiple intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) is a member of the neurotrophin family, which regulates the development of neuronal networks by participating in the growth of neuronal processes, synaptic development and plasticity, neuronal survival, and differentiation. However, the intracellular signaling pathways by which NT-4 participates in myelination by Schwann cells remain elusive. In this study, we examined the effects of NT-4 on the expression of compact myelin proteins in cultured Schwann cells. Using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting, we found that NT-4 could significantly enhance the expression of myelin protein zero (MPZ) but not the expression of myelin basic protein or peripheral myelin protein 22. Further, knockdown of truncated TrkB with small interfering RNA could eliminate the effect of NT-4 on MPZ expression. Moreover, we demonstrated that the NT-4-enhanced MPZ expression depended on Akt and mTORC1 signaling. Taken together, these results suggest that NT-4 binds TrkB to enhance the expression of MPZ in Schwann cells, probably through the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway, thus contributing to myelination.
DIFFUSE DILATATION OF THE ESOPHAGUS WITHOUT ANATOMIC STENOSIS (CARDIOSPASM): A REPORT OF NINETY-ONE CASES

In 19081I reported forty cases of "cardiospasm. " In this series, thirty-eight patients had diffuse dilatation of the esophagus. Since that time fifty-six cases of diffuse dilatation of the esophagus without anatomic stenosis have come under my observation. The purpose of this paper is to report the result of treating these cases by dilating the cardia with a hydrostatic dilator. The following have been advanced as factors in the etiology: first, primary cardiospasm (Meltzer2and M ikulicz3); second, primary atony of the musculature of the esophagus (Rosenheim4); third, the simultaneous development of cardiospasm and paralysis of the circular musculature of the esophagus brought about by degenerative changes in the vagi (Krause5); fourth, congenital disposition (Fleiner,6Zenker7and Sievers8); fifth, primary esophagitis (Martin9); sixth, kinking at the hiatus esophagi; seventh, gross lesions of the esophagus or stomach, such as ulcer, carcinoma, etc.;
DROM: Optimizing the Routing in Software-Defined Networks With Deep Reinforcement Learning

This paper proposes DROM, a deep reinforcement learning mechanism for Software-Defined Networks (SDN) to achieve a universal and customizable routing optimization. DROM simplifies the network operation and maintenance by improving the network performance, such as delay and throughput, with a black-box optimization in continuous time. We evaluate the DROM with experiments. The experimental results show that DROM has the good convergence and effectiveness and provides better routing configurations than existing solutions to improve the network performance, such as reducing the delay and improving the throughput.
Using business process modelling to examine academic library activities for periodicals

Purpose – The paper's purpose is to examine the process for the acquisition of print and electronic periodicals acquisition process in academic libraries using a business process modelling technique, role activity diagram (RAD). Design/methodology/approach – A literature review examined process modelling in academic libraries. Multiple methods were used for data collection, including documentary analysis, and interviews (n=8) with library staff (mostly recorded) provided other details about the library processes. Two sites were studied. Direct observation was used occasionally as a less formal method. RAD was used as a modelling technique; this is part of the Riva business process‐modelling suite (Ould). Findings – The role activity diagram examples illustrate the differences in processes between the sites and the paper explores how they were used to discuss comparisons and possible improvements with the library staff. In many ways this is a type of action research study, as discussions with the research pa.
Euro 2012 in Gdansk, Poland. Is it Worth Using Public Funds?

The aim of this study is to estimate the willingness-to-pay (WTP) among the community of the Pomeranian region, Poland in connection with intangible benefits and costs stemming from hosting the Euro 2012 in Gdansk. A survey conducted among 407 respondents was the source of information. The results of the study show that the average value of WTPbenefit for the whole sample was 45,72 PLN2012 and WTPcost was 3,86 PLN2012. The aggregate values for the whole region was in terms of benefits and costs 396,6 million PLN2012 and 33,49 million PLN2012 respectively. The results thus confirm the existence of both intangible benefits and costs associated with the event. However, it should be noted that the importance of the net benefits is insignificant and does not compensate for the massive expenditure from public sources.
Not in front of the kids: Effects of parental suppression on socialization behaviors during cooperative parent-child interactions.

Parents often try to hide their negative emotions from their kids, hoping to protect them from experiencing adverse responses. However, suppression has been linked with poor social interactions. Suppression may be particularly damaging in the context of parent-child relationships because it may hinder parents' ability to support children's emotion regulation. Immediately after completing a stressful task, 109 parents of 7 to 11 year olds were randomly assigned to a suppression condition or a control condition during an interaction with their child. Children were given a set of instructions with pictures to build a Lego house and told to verbally instruct their parent without touching the Legos themselves. Trained research assistants coded parents' and children's positive and negative mood, responsiveness, warmth, parents' guidance, and the quality of the interaction. We found that suppression decreased parents' observed positive mood, responsiveness, warmth, and guidance, as well as children's observed positive mood, responsiveness, and warmth, and decreased the overall dyadic interaction quality. However, parent sex played a significant role in moderating these effects. Fathers in the suppression condition were less responsive and warm than control fathers, though children interacting with their fathers did not exhibit decrements in responsiveness or warmth. In contrast, children of suppressing mothers appeared less warm than children of mothers in the control condition, though suppressing mothers did not exhibit decrements in their observed warmth or responsiveness relative to control mothers. Taken together, these findings suggest that the desire to hide one's feelings from one's children may have unwanted negative consequences but may differ for fathers versus mothers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
An Update on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetic Retinopathy

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a novel non-invasive imaging modality for 3-dimensional visualization of retinal and optic nerve capillary networks. In this article, a comprehensive review of relevant original articles in the PubMed database was performed using the search terms “diabetic retinopathy,” “diabetic macular edema,” “diabetes mellitus,” and “optical coherence tomography angiography. ” OCTA was found to detect microvascular changes early in diabetes mellitus, even before they become clinically evident. Morphological and qualitative assessment of vascular changes can help to determine the pathophysiological processes, activity, treatment, and follow-up of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Vessel density and foveal avascular zone are the most investigated quantified indices shown to be early predictors of DR, correlated to DR severity and visual function, and useful in predicting response to treatment. OCTA has shown to be a promising alternative to fluorescein angiography in the management of DR. Further studies are warranted to determine the role of OCTA in the routine clinical management of DR.
Java Card for E-Payment Applications

Smart Card Basics. Security Issues, File Structure and Commands. ISO 7816 Smart Card Communication. Card Readers and Card Terminals. Related Technologies. Debit and Credit Cards. Java Card Basics. Deployment of Java Card Technology. Java Card Security. Application Development. OCF Basics. OCF Structure. Case Study Overview. Java Card Applet Development. OCF Card Service Development. Terminal Application. Conclusions.
Technology adoption, its impact and determinants: the case of soybean in Madhya Pradesh

There has been a rapid growth in soybean production in India. Most of it came from area expansion and little from yield improvements. In this paper, we assess the adoption of improved soybean technologies, their effects on yield, and the factors determining their adoption. The findings show that adoption of improved technologies does improve crop yield and farm profit, but their adoption largely remains confined to economically well-off, better-informed, educated large farmers. This implies a need for strengthening linkages between research and extension systems for widespread adoption of improved technologies and cropping practices.
IFNγ-Induced MHC Class II Expression on Islet Endothelial Cells Is an Early Marker of Insulitis but Is Not Required for Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cell Migration

Diabetogenic T cells infiltrate the pancreatic islets by transmigrating across the microcapillaries residing close to, or within, the pancreatic islets. Deficiency in IFNγ signaling prevents efficient migration of T cells into the pancreatic islets, but the IFNγ-regulated molecules that mediate this are uncertain. Homing of autoreactive T cells into target tissues may require antigen specificity through presentation of cognate antigen by MHC expressed on the vascular endothelium. We investigated the hypothesis that IFNγ promotes the migration of islet antigen-specific CD4+ T cells by upregulating MHC class II on islet endothelial cells (IEC), thereby providing an antigen-specific signal for islet infiltration. Upon IFNγ stimulation, MHC class II, which is not constitutively expressed on IEC, was induced. IFNγ-dependent upregulation of MHC class II was detected in IEC isolated from prediabetic NOD mice at the earliest stages of insulitis, before other markers of inflammation were present. Using a CD4+ T cell-mediated adoptive transfer model of autoimmune diabetes we observed that even though diabetes does not develop in recipient mice lacking IFNγ receptors, mice with MHC class II-deficient IEC were not protected from disease. Thus, IFNγ-regulated molecules, but not MHC class II or antigen presentation by IECs is required for the early migration of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells into the pancreatic islets.