Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disparities in knowledge, attitude, and practices of infection prevention and control of Lassa fever among health care workers at The Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

Introduction the knowledge and practices on Lassa fever (LF) infection prevention and control (IPC) remains poor among health workers in Nigeria despite LF endemicity. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo towards LF. Methods this was a cross-sectional study among 451 healthcare workers who were enrolled using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 23. Adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and good practice of LF infection, prevention, and control were determined by the proportion of respondents who scored >80% in each category. Descriptive statistics were done. Associations were explored using Chi-square tests. Results the mean age of respondents was 37.95±8.43 years, and 169 (37.5%) were doctors. The mean overall knowledge score was 18.33±2.14, and 236 (52.3%) had appropriate knowledge, 109 (24.2%) had a positive attitude, while 351 (77.8%) demonstrated adequate preventive practices towards LFIPC. Laboratory scientists had five times the odds of appropriate knowledge of LF IPC (OR=4.886; 95%CI: 1.580-15.107). Pharmacists had ten times odds of positive attitude towards LF IPC (OR=10.093; 95%CI= 1.055-95.516). Pharmacists had nine times odds of good LF IPC practices (OR=8.755; 95%CI=1.028-74.531). Conclusion disparities in knowledge, attitude, and practices of LF IPC exist among healthcare workers. To strengthen IPC, intervention strategies like training to address such gaps are needed.
Fungal communities of submerged fine detritus from temperate peatland and stream habitats

Fungi are essential in aquatic ecosystems, transforming organic matter into energy sources that support higher trophic levels. However, researchers do not yet know the extent of fungal diversity and species distribution within these important ecosystems. Therefore, we examined the detrital fungal communities from contrasting aquatic habitats (temperate peatlands and streams) to provide an in-depth inventory and greater understanding of how these communities differ. Fine submerged detritus or substrate on or beneath the stream bed were collected from 6 sites. Fungal cultures were isolated from samples collected in May, July/August, and November from 2 sites in 2014 and 4 sites in 2016. Culture-independent analyses were conducted on 42 environmental samples collected in November 2016. Results indicated that peatland and stream fungal communities were taxonomically diverse, phylogenetically distinct, and harbored many unknown taxa from the kingdom Fungi. Specifically, stream habitats were more species-rich, in both number of species and phylogenetic diversity, compared to peatland habitats. In addition, fungal species and phylogenetic distribution within most major fungal classes were distinct between peatland and stream fungal communities. In light of global climate change, habitat loss, and water pollution, it has become increasingly important to examine these understudied and essential fungal communities within these ecosystems.
POTENTIOMETRIC CHROMATE QUANTIFICATION BASED ON INTERACTION WITH N, N' BUTYLEN BIS (SALICILIDEN IMINATO) COPPER (II)

A new chromate-selective electrode, based on the N, N' butylen bis (saliciliden iminato) copper (II) complex as the membrane carrier, was developed. The electrode exhibited a good Nernstian slope of 28:8 0:5 mV/decade and a linear range of 3:0 10 6 1:0 10 1 mol.L 1 for chromate. The limit of detection was 3:0 10 6 mol.L 1. It had a fast response time of 5-10 sec and could be used for more than three months. The selective coe cients were determined by the Fixed Interference Method (FIM). A chromate-selective electrode could be used in the pH range of 6.5-10.5. It was employed as an indicator electrode for the direct determination of chromate in real samples.
Power Vector Analysis of Corneal Astigmatism among Chinese over Fifty Years Old: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Background: To investigate the relationship between corneal astigmatism and age, axial length (AL) among Chinese over fifty years old. Methods: This study enrolled 1,082 right eyes of age-related cataract patients over 50 years old in the clinic of Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China. Axial length, magnitude and meridian of anterior corneal astigmatism were measured by IOLMaster. Restricted cubic splines and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to investigate the relationship of the magnitude of cornea astigmatism to age and AL. Power vector analysis method and linear regression analysis were used to assess the relationship of the meridian of astigmatism to age and AL. Results: For this study , mean age, AL, and corneal astigmatism value were 72.45 ±9.28 years, 23.90±1.93mm, and 1.12±0.74D, respectively. The magnitude of corneal astigmatism was 0.75D or higher in 63.8% eyes. The magnitude of corneal astigmatism increased with age after 65 years old. This correlation was statistically significant when AL was between 22.00mm and 26.00mm. The vector value in J 0 was inversely correlated with age. The mean vector value change from with-the-rule (WTR) to against-the-rule (ATR) corneal astigmatism was 0.22D/10 years during 50-65 years old and 0.15D/10 years during 65-85 years old, and was 0.22D/10 years in male and 0.12D/10 years in female, respectively. Conclusions: A large proportion of elderly Chinese cataract patients over 50 years old have corneal astigmatism more than 0.75D . There was a non-linear trend from WTR astigmatism towards ATR astigmatism with age, which was more obvious in elder age and in male. When AL is between 22.00mm and 26.00mm, the magnitude of corneal astigmatism increases with age after 65 years old.
DRIVING STYLE ANALYSIS AND DRIVER CLASSIFICATION USING OBD DATA OF A HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Summary. Ensuring the effectiveness of adaptive algorithms for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) requires online recognition of driving styles. The article discusses studies carried out during real driving cycles based on the GPS parameters and OBD system data of a hybrid vehicle. The work focuses on the search for measures of the speed and acceleration signals of the car and the measures determined on their basis that best describe the driving style responsible for the vehicle traffic safety and ecological safety. Relations between the type of driver, driving dynamics, and fuel consumption were studied. The driver's categorization was based on a statistical analysis of input signals and mean tractive force (MTF) by clustering.
Association of Interleukin-16 rs4778889 T>C Gene Polymorphism with Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rs4778889 T>C is one of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in interleukin-16 (IL-16). As a growth factor, IL-16 might play a significant impact on cancer formation. Several studies have investigated the relationship between IL-16 rs4778889 T>C gene polymorphisms and cancer risk, but the results are contradictory. We conducted a meta-analysis on the association between IL-16 rs4778889 T>C gene polymorphism and cancer risk. METHODS: Twelve case–control studies with 3066 cases and 4433 controls from Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases were included. The data was analyzed using the STATA software and the combined odds ratio (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CIs) were used to identify the correlation strength. RESULTS: Our results show that no significant associations were observed between the IL-16 rs4778889 T>C gene polymorphisms and cancer risk in all genetic models (C vs. T: OR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.90–1.26, Ph<0.001; CC vs. TT: OR=1.07, 95% CI: 0.71–1.62, Ph<0.001; CT vs. TT: OR=1.07, 95% CI: 0.91–1.26, Ph=0.002; CC+CT vs. TT: OR=1.08, 95% CI: 0.90–1.30, Ph<0.001; CC vs. CT+TT: OR=1.04, 95% CI: 0.73–1.50, Ph=0.001). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses also were performed. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this meta-analysis indicate that there are no significant associations between IL-16 rs4778889 T>C gene polymorphisms and cancer risk. To verify these results, further studies with larger sample size and multiracial populations are needful. Keywords: IL-16, polymorphisms, cancer, meta-analysis
Floculación-coagulación como postratamiento del efluente de un reactor anaerobio que trata vinazas tequileras

En el proceso de producción de tequila, se generan aguas residuales conocidas como vinazas, las cuales tienen un alto contenido en materia orgánica y sales inorgánicas, además de una temperatura elevada, aproximadamente de 90C, y valores de pH en el rango de 3.5 a 4.5. Por tal motivo, en esta investigación se presentan resultados del tratamiento mediante floculación-coagulación de los efluentes que descarga un reactor anaerobio que trata vinazas de tequila, con el fin de determinar la dosis efectiva de floculantes para eliminar el color y materia orgánica. Las pruebas se realizan a nivel laboratorio en un equipo de jarras, con ayuda de floculantes tales como sulfato de aluminio, cloruro férrico, entre otros, probados de forma individual y en mezclas, variando la dosis y el pH de la vinaza. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los floculantes más adecuados son: el sulfato de aluminio, cloruro férrico, colfloc y permanganato de potasio, y en mezclas las de sulfato de aluminio-cloruro férrico, colfloc-sulfato de aluminio y colfloc-permanganato de potasio. Sin embargo, considerando aspectos económicos, resulta más atractivo el sulfato de aluminio (2.5 g/L) con eficiencias de 70% en color y 37% en DQOt y la combinación sulfato de aluminio-cloruro férrico (1.5-1.0 g/L) puesto que se remueve en 82% el color y 41% la DQOt ambas pruebas a pH de 6. De lo anterior, se puede asumir que el floculante más adecuado para realizar el postratamiento de los efluentes de las vinazas tratadas por vía anaerobia es Al2(SO4)3.
The compound role of a coordinator for home-dwelling persons with dementia and their informal caregivers: A qualitative feasibility study of the LIVE@Home.Path trial

Background As the number of persons with dementia is increasing, there has been a call for establishing sustainable clinical pathways for coordinating care and support for this group. The LIVE@Home.Path- trial is a multicomponent, multi-disciplinary intervention combining learning, innovation, volunteer support and empowerment. To implement the intervention, a municipal coordinator has a crucial role. Implementation research on multicomponent interventions is complex and we conducted a feasibility study, aiming to explore the coordinator role and how a coordinator may empower persons with dementia in decision-making processes.Methods Qualitative program evaluation combined with a hermeneutic interpretive approach was chosen as methodological approach. Sixteen dyads, consisting of the person with dementia and their main informal caregiver received the intervention by two coordinators. Of these, six dyads, three informal caregivers alone and the two care coordinators along with their leader participated in in-depth or focus group interviews, sharing their experiences with participation in the feasibility trial after six months intervention.Results We found that the coordinators fulfilled three functions for the participating dyads: being a safety net , meaning that the dyads had little needs at the moment, but established a relation to someone who might help if the situation should change; being a pathfinder , meaning that they supported the dyads in finding their way through the complicated system of care and support services; being a source for emotional care and support , meaning that they listened, acknowledged and gave counsel in times of distress. The coordinators emphasized that a trusting leader and work environment was crucial for them to fulfill these functions. We also found that it was challenging for the coordinators to build a relation to the persons with dementia in order to pursue genuine empowerment in decision-making processes. Conclusion We found the framework for follow-up to be a feasible starting point for establishing empowering coordination and a sustainable care pathway for persons with dementia and their informal caregivers. More meeting points between coordinator and person with dementia should be pursued in order to fulfill the persons’ fundamental rights to participate in decision-making processes.
A proteomic investigation of protein adsorption to cerebral microdialysis membranes in surgically treated intracerebral hemorrhage patients

Background: Cerebral microdialysis (CMD) is a minimally invasive technique for sampling the interstitial fluid in human brain tissue. CMD allows monitoring the metabolic state of tissue, as well as sampling macromolecules such as proteins and peptides. Recovery of proteins or peptides can be hampered by their adsorption to the CMD membrane as has been previously shown in-vitro, however, protein adsorption to CMD membranes has not been characterized following implantation in human brain tissue. Methods: In this paper, we describe the pattern of proteins adsorbed to CMD membranes compared to that of the microdialysate and of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We retrieved CMD membranes from three surgically treated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients, and analyzed protein adsorption to the membranes using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in combination with nano-liquid mass spectrometry. We compared the proteome profile of three compartments; the CMD membrane, the microdialysate and ventricular CSF collected at time of CMD removal. Results: We found unique protein patterns for each of the three compartments, particularly in the molecular weight range of 10–35 kDa. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of analyzing the membranes in addition to the microdialysate when using CMD to sample proteins for biomarker investigation.
SIMULATION AND DIAGNOSTICS OF PLASMACHEMICAL PROCESSES DURING MICROWAVE PLASMA SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE NANOSHEETS FROM ETHANOL

Plasma synthesis by ethanol decomposition in microwave atmospheric torch is a simple, efficient, single-step scalable method suitable for volume production of graphene nanosheets. In our work, we studied influence of microwave power on several plasma parameters (e.g. gas temperature, concentration of active species) by optical emission spectroscopy (OES), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and mass spectrometry (MS) to better understand the process of precursor decomposition and graphene formation in the gas phase. We observed significant change in kinetics and influence of input power on ethanol decomposition routes. Results were compared with theoretical model comprising hydrodynamics, plasma, heat transfer and chemical kinetics.
Detection of Lung Diseases using Deep Learning

There is an increasing risk on health due to changing environment, climate and lifestyle. India tops the world in deaths due to lung diseases. They were the second highest cause of deaths in India after heart disease in 2017, killing 1 million (958,000) Indians that year. Early diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases is critical to prevent complications including death. Chest X-ray is currently the best available method for diagnosis, playing a crucial role in clinical care. Using Deep Learning to predict lung diseases from Chest Xrays can be a lifesaving factor for an individual suffering from the disease. This is possible as the results can be predicted with a high percentage of accuracy instantly. This paper presents an effective way for expert diagnosis of lung diseases using Deep Learning. It focuses on creating a system for assistance of Radiologists in detection of lung diseases. This will especially benefit rural areas where radiologists aren’t easily available. Our system connects radiology labs with the radiologists who can diagnose faster and better with our model.
Multi-Drug Resistant Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica Strains Isolated from Different Hosts Affected by Pneumonic Pasteurellosis in Egypt

| Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) and Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) are widespread pathogens, resulting in economically significant animal diseases. This study aimed to investigate some of the epidemiological aspects of P. multocida and M. haemolytica infections in Egypt, proper diagnosis of P. multocida and M. haemolytica infections, describe the distribution of capsular types of P. multocida isolates and measure the prevalence of multi-drug resistance in bacterial isolates recovered from cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats (ruminants) suffering from respiratory manifestations. A total of 155 deep nasal swabs were collected from 20 cattle, 37 buffaloes, 80 sheep, and 18 goats. Detection of 24 P. multocida and 12 M. haemolytica isolates from tested samples was carried out by bacteriological isolation, then identified by biochemical tests, and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The highest rate of infection with P. multocida and M. haemolytica has been found in young males (0-6 months age group). P. multocida capsular group A was found in the majority of the P. multocida strains (87.5%), while group D bacteria were identified in only three samples. Capsular groups B, E, and F have not been detected. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of P. multocida and M. haemolytica isolates indicated a high prevalence of multi-resistance to the majority of antimicrobials used as high resistance was detected against ampicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin-G, tetracycline, streptomycin, cefotaxime and chloramphenicol, however, 100% sensitivity was demonstrated by M. haemolytica isolates to gentamicin. Therefore, continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance is important to prevent the dissemination of resistant bacteria.
EnPAC: Petri Net Model Checking for Linear Temporal Logic

In linear temporal logic (LTL) model checking using Petri nets, two important aspects are state generation and exploration for counterexample search. Traditional state generation involves updating a structure of enabled transitions and frequently encoding/decoding to read each encoded state, which can be expensive. This paper proposes an optimized approach that calculates enabled transitions on demand using a dynamic fireset, avoiding the need for such a structure. Additionally, a set of direct read/write (DRW) operations on encoded markings is proposed to speed up state generation and reduce memory usage without the need for decoding and re-encoding. Heuristic information is incorporated into the Büchi automaton for counterexample search to guide exploration toward accepted states. These strategies improve existing methods for LTL model checking with Petri nets. The optimization strategies are implemented in a tool called EnPAC (Enhanced Petri-net Analyser and Checker) for linear temporal logic and evaluated on MCC (Model Checking Contest) benchmarks, demonstrating a significant improvement over previous methods.
Pathogenesis of Different Genotypes of Egyptian Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Previously Isolated from Chickens in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

| Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly infectious transboundary avian notifiable disease caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). This study was aimed to assess the pathogenesis of two Egyptian NDV strains of different genotypes in quails based on clinical signs, gross pathology, histopathology, virus nucleic acid detection in different organs using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and virus re-isolation as well as measurement of the antibody titer in serum samples. Two week-old Japanese quails (n=90) were equally allocated into three groups, the quails in the groups A and B were experimentally inoculated via oculonasal route with 0.2 mL of 107 EID50 (embryo infectious dose 50) units of NDV VIb (EG/SR/76/CH/1967) and NDV VIId (NDV/Chicken /Egypt/1/2015) strains, respectively. Group C was kept as a control group, which received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Our results denoted that NDV VIId was shown to cause only very mild clinical signs with no microscopic lesions detected in different organs in contrast to the NDV VIb. Additionally, NDV VIId nucleic acid was detected only in two tissue samples (spleen and brain) of two different quails at 7 days post infection (dpi) using RT-PCR without any success in isolating the virus from these tissue samples. From our results, we suggested that the decreased pathogenicity caused by NDV VIId was correlated with limited virus replication in different organs of infected quails, although it contained multiple basic amino acids at fusion protein cleavage site.
Evidence on access to health care information by women of reproductive age in Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: Scoping Review

Background Majority of women of reproductive age in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) are not able to access health services due to different factors. The main objective of this scoping review is to map the literature on access to healthcare information by women of reproductive age in LMICs. Methods The literature search was conducted through the following databases: Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCOhost (Academic search complete, CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE with full text, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO), Emerald, Embase, published and peer reviewed journals, organizational projects, reference list, grey literature as well as reports related to this objective were included in the study. Studies reporting evidence on interventions aimed at enabling access to health care information in LMICs published during the period 2004 to until recent, were eligible for inclusion. Identified key words were used to search articles from the databases. Following title screening, two reviewers independently reviewed the abstracts and full articles. Inclusion and exclusion criteria was considered to guide the screening. Results A total of 451 900 articles were identified from all the databases searched. Of these, four articles meet inclusion criteria after full article screening and were included for data extraction. The included articles were conducted in the following countries: Eastern Uganda, Gauteng, South Africa, Myanmar and Nepal. The themes that emerged from our study are as follows: accessibility, financial accessibility/affordability, connectivity and challenges. This study demonstrated that, there are minimal interventions that enable women of reproductive age to access healthcare information in terms of accessibility, financial accessibility and connectivity. The study further revealed that with the minimal strategies tried, such as telemedicine and text messages, a large population of women could be reached and this strategies are less cost. Conclusion The findings of the study revealed poor access and utilization of maternal healthcare information by women of reproductive age. We therefore recommend primary studies in other LMICs to determine the accessibility, financial accessibility, connectivity and challenges faced by women of reproductive age in LMICs to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rate and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 3.
Psychological Safety and Employee Voice in IT Sector: Parallel Mediation Effect of Affective Commitment and Intrinsic Motivation

The study is an attempt to explain the relationship of psychological safety on employee voice behaviour by examining the mediating role of affective commitment and intrinsic motivation. A questionnaire was distributed amongst 161 IT professionals through convenience sampling. Mediation Analysis was used to find the effect of the mediators in influencing the relationship between psychological safety and prosocial voice. The result suggested psychological safety is parallelly mediated by both affective commitment and intrinsic motivation, leading to employee prosocial voice. Intrinsic motivation was found to have a greater mediating effect than affective commitment.