Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint Retirement of Couples: Evidence from Discontinuities in Denmark

We study how social security influences the retirement behavior of couples. First, we exploit over two decades of full-population data and a discontinuity design to document sizable retirement spillovers to spouses when individuals reach pension eligibility age. Next, we explore underlying mechanisms. We find age differences within couples to be a fundamental determinant of joint retirement, which is driven by older spouses working longer. Accounting for these age differences reveals a strong gender gap, which prevails after controlling for relative earnings. Finally, in a complementary analysis we show that a reform increasing eligibility ages induces similar spillovers to spouses.
Influence of plant host and organ, management strategy, and spore traits on microbiome composition

Microbiomes from maize and soybean were characterized in a long-term three-crop rotation research site, under four different land management strategies, to begin unraveling the effects of common farming practices on microbial communities. The fungal and bacterial communities of leaves, stems, and roots in host species were characterized across the growing season using amplicon sequencing and compared with the results of a similar study on wheat. Communities differed across hosts, and among plant growth stages and organs, and these effects were most pronounced in the bacterial communities of the wheat and maize phyllosphere. Roots consistently showed the highest number of bacterial OTUs compared to above-ground organs, whereas the alpha diversity of fungi was similar between above- and below-ground organs. Network analyses identified putatively influential members of the microbial communities of the three host plant species. The fungal taxa specific to roots, stems, or leaves were examined to determine if the specificity reflected their life histories based on previous studies. The analysis suggests that fungal spore traits are drivers of organ specificity in the fungal community. Identification of influential taxa in the microbial community and understanding how community structure of specific crop organs is formed, will provide a critical resource for manipulations of microbial communities. The ability to predict how organ specific communities are influenced by spore traits will enhance our ability to introduce them sustainably.
Sentiment Probing of Social Media Data using Various Supervised Learners

- the rise in usage of Facebook, Myspace, Twitter, blogs, forums and other online means of communication has created a digital landscape where people are able to post their opinions or socialize through a variety of means and applications. Analyzing these online postings using sentiment analysis algorithms facilitates a general overview about different matters. As sentiment analysis is the computational study of opinions, evaluations, attitudes and emotions expressed by people in their posts. We have applied Naïve Bayes, Multinomial Naïve Bayes, Bernoulli Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression and Linear Support Vector classifiers on training dataset gathered from online postings. The datasets are already labelled for negative or positive texts and with the help of Bag-of-words and TF-IDF methods we have conducted the feature extraction from the texts of each type and trained the above classifiers on those particular features. Our study shows that the classifiers perform differently depending on the training data, and the increase in the dataset size will improve their accuracy, as well as ascertains a general trend about people’s opinion on a particular subject.
Explaining Population Growth with GWR The Spanish Case

A high degree of urbanization has been traditionally related to a high economic development: bigger cities benefit from the effects of agglomeration economies and generate positive processes around them. Thus, the study of population concentration and dynamics can unveil key facts about economic growth. Metropolitan areas attract population because of its diverse supply of goods and services and better job opportunities; but they may also suffer from negative effects related to congestion, high prices and deteriorated environment that can displace population to smaller areas. Using population data for Spanish local labour markets (LLMs) from 1950 to 2011 we can observe that concentration trends have significantly changed along time. The growth dynamics are not only different over time but also over space, stating the importance of including regional heterogeneity when analysing population growth. Evenmore, as different factors may have very different effects regarding the area considered, an alternative approach, Geographically Weighted Regression, is applied and results compared to those using global methods (OLS) that may mask relevant diverging trends. Some relevant factors in Urban and Regional Economics such as size and distance vary greatly among space, corresponding to the global estimated effects for some regions but dissenting in others. Thus, any national or regional policy to enhance population growth should be designed having in mind that determinant factors could enhance population growth in one place but lessen it in another.
A STRATEGY FOR CONTENT BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL AND FOREST FIRE DETECTION FROM REMOTELY SENSED IMAGES

The content based image retrieval (CBIR) of remotely sensed (RS) images is vital in the era of processing huge numbers of remotely sensed images. The paper implements a method for CBIR using HSV histograms for retrieving closely matching images from the database and a texture based strategy for forest fire detection. In texture based strategy Gray level co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) has been used in combination with Feed Forward Neural Network to detect forest fire. The results presented in this paper were obtained through conducting experiments on IRS P6 AWiFS satellite images downloaded from Internet.
The Effect Of The Integration Of Online Gamified Mathematics Practice Activities On Learners’ Engagement, Motivation And Academic Achievement

_ This is a mixed method concurrent research study set-out to explore the integration of online gamified activities, within the context of mathematics education, specifically focusing on lower primary grade level (Grade 2). The results indicated the integration of online gamified learning activities to practice mathematics contributed positively to learners’ engagement, motivation and to their academic performance. Moreover, it further found that gamification elements, including the award of points and certificates, along with provision of facilities that enabled learners to engage competitively, receive feedback and publicly share their achievements, had a direct effect on increasing engagement and motivation of learners in mathematics education. The research ended by developing a ‘bolt on’ model. The recommendations of the study included ascertain whether the ‘bolt-on’ online Mathematics Practice model used in this study could be up-scaled to increase transitions towards technology integration in mathematics education.
ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF THE MEANS-TESTED PROGRAM OPORTUNIDADES IN MEXICAN CHILD MORTALITY RATE1

This paper assesses the contribution of the means-tested program Oportunidades in reducing child mortality rate in Mexico during 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2008. We followed the methodology suggested by Gassmann and Notten (2006) and De Janvry and Sadoulet (2006) to establish to what extent certain household's characteristics and the Oportunidades benefit change the probability of occurrence of child's death within a family. Mainly, the analysis reveals the following: there is not statistical evidence to sustain that Oportunidades has shown a reducing effect over child mortality rate in Mexico.
A Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis of In Vitro Testing Conditions and Brain Biomechanical Response under Shear Loads

Traumatic brain injury is highly prevalent in the United States. However, despite its frequency and significance there is little understanding of how the brain responds during injurious loading. A confounding problem is that because testing conditions vary between assessment methods, brain biomechanics cannot be fully understood. Multivariate linear regression is a statistical method which is used here to elucidate the correlations between in vitro testing conditions and brain biomechanical response under shear loading conditions. Eleven relevant parameters were determined using neighborhood component analysis, and from them multivariate regression model was estimated with the storage, loss, and complex moduli. Frequency, brain stem specimen location, and postmortem preservation time were the most consistently significant parameters across the three response variables.
Comparative Transcriptomes Analysis of Taenia pisiformis at Different Development Stages

To understand the characteristics of the transcriptional group of Taenia pisiformis at different developmental stages, and to lay the foundation for the screening of vaccine antigens and drug target genes, the transcriptomes of adult and larva of T. pisiformis were assembled and analyzed using bioinformatic tools. A total of 36,951 unigenes with a mean length of 950bp were formed, among which 12,665, 8,188, 7,577, and 6,293 unigenes have been annotated respectively by sequence similarity analysis with four databases (NR, Swiss-Prot, KOG, and KEGG). It should be noted there are 5,662 unigenes that share good similarity with the four databases and get a relatively perfect functional annotation. Besides, a total of 10,247 differentially expressed genes were screened. To be specific, 6,910 unigenes were up-regulated in the larva stage while 3,337 were down-regulated in the adult stage. To sum up, this study sequenced and analyzed the transcriptomes of the larval and adult stages of T. pisiformis. The results of differentially expressed genes in these two stages could provide basis for functional genomics, immunology and gene expression profiles of T. pisiformis.
SPORTS AND STOCK RETURNS VOLATILITY: A CASE OF CRICKET MATCHES PLAYED BY PAKISTAN WITH ASIAN COUNTRIES

Faculty members, University Institute of Management Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agri. University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Email: abdulrehman@uaar.edu. pk Graduate Students, University Institute of Management Sciences, PMASArid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Email: auqsemah_k@yahoo.com Faculty members, Deptt. Of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad. Email: Khalid_sohail@comsants.edu. pk Faculty members, University Institute of Management Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agri. University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Email: bushra.zulfiqar@uaar.edu. pk ABSTRACT: The research examines the impact of Twenty20 (T20) and One Day International (ODI) cricket matches results on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) returns and volatility. For this purpose, matches played by Pakistan with Asian countries such as India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh are considered from 1992 to 2012. The impact of T20 and ODI matches result is examined and analyzed on the same day and next day returns and volatility. The current study uses ARCH/GARCH methodology for analysis. Results shows that win or lose have no influence on returns but significant influence on volatility. The volatility is less which indicates less trading on the same day and on the next day. The analysis suggests that there is asymmetric behavior in the market which means Lose of match results has more impact on the volatility than Win match results.
FACTORS INFLUENCING A NEW INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION IN MALAYSIA’S AGRICULTURE COMMUNITY: APPLYING THE SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS APPROACH

Messaging Service (SMS)-based technology to assist the farming community in improving their management of farming activities. This study focused on identifying the factors that influence the adoption of the information and communication technology (ICT). Sustainable livelihood framework is introduced in this study in order to fill the gaps in the existing studies of technology acceptance especially technology that promote sustainable livelihood. Most of the technology acceptance models today are overemphasized on the characteristics of the technology itself rather than understanding the impact of a technology towards the livelihood capital assets (human capital, social capital, finance capital, and natural capital). We used partial least square (PLS) analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationships of human capital assets with farmers’ attitude toward intention to adopt the ICT. The results, besides indicating the suitability of the PLS in statistical analysis, has also contributed to a better understanding of ICT intervention in the agriculture sector in Malaysia which has not been tested. Findings are useful for policy makers, agriculture agencies and information system developers to promote sustainable farming through ICT intervention.
Comparing two experimental procedures for multi-position calibration of a MEMS-type IMU

The proper calibration of a transducer has direct influence on its measurement accuracy. Procedures for calibrating MEMS-type IMUs generally require sophisticated and expensive equipment. An alternative procedure called multi-position calibration has shown to be efficient and only demands that the transducer be moved in different orientations. We investigate the influence of the repeatability of these orientations by comparing two different experimental procedures – robotic-motion and hand-motion of the IMU sensor. Statistical analysis of the results makes it clear that there are no significant differences for either variances or means of calibrated parameters between both experimental procedures
Morphogenic, structural, productive and bromatological characteristics of Braquiária in silvopastoral system under nitrogen doses

his study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen fertilization on the morphogenic, structural, productive and chemical composition of Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R. D. Webster cv. Basilisk in a silvopastoral system with eucalyptus. The experimental treatments consisted of pastures of Basilisk cultivar, fertilized with 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 year-1 of N, and intercropped with eucalyptus, clone GG 100 (Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla). The experimental arrangement followed a randomized block design with four replicates. The evaluated characteristics were: foliar appearance rate, phyllochron, leaf length, leaf elongation rate, leaf life span, foliar senescence rate, number of green leaves per tiller, number of senescent leaves per tiller, daily dry matter accumulation, dry matter production, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber. In the conditions of the established silvopastoral system, nitrogen fertilization did not influence (p > 0.05) the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Basilisk cultivar, except for height (p < 0.01) and leaf: stem ratio (p = 0.02). The nitrogen fertilization of the Brachiaria grass with eucalyptus in the proposed structural arrangement does not modify (p > 0.05) the morphogenic characteristics. However, in ration to dry matter production, doses of up to 400 kg of N ha-1 are recommended.
Attitude control of multirotor UAVs: cascade P/PID vs PI-like geometric architecture

This paper addresses the attitude control problem for multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles with the aim of comparing two nonlinear control architectures. The first controller is based on a nonlinear cascade design with a P/PIDlike structure while the second one is a PI-like nonlinear controller that has been proposed to tackle the attitude tracking problem for rigid bodies. First, a general model for the attitude dynamics of multirotor UAVs is recalled. Then, the considered controllers are reviewed on both theoretical and practical aspects, focusing on their stabilizing properties, implementation and tuning issues. Finally, the control laws are systematically tuned by applying structured H∞ synthesis to the linearized closed-loop dynamics obtained by referring to an identified single axis model of a lightweight quadrotor.
Hedge Fund Activism and Capital Structure1

Using a comprehensive pooled sample of hedge fund activism spanning over two decades (1994-2014) in the U.S., and firms matched on observable characteristics by closest propensity scores, we study whether hedge fund activists influence the capital structures of targeted firms to create value. We find that overlevered firms are more likely to be targeted. We further document that there is a significant positive association between firms’ distance away from the target leverage and their likelihood of being targeted by an activist hedge fund when the firm is over-levered. However, when the firm is under-levered, such relation is negative, indicating that activists also value financial flexibility. Moreover, in a difference-in-differences set-up, when compared to a propensity score-matched cohort, we find that the firms reduce the distance from their long-run target capital structure post-hedge fund activist intervention when the firm is overlevered but not when they are under-levered. Our findings are broadly consistent with the dynamic tradeoff models of capital structure, where adjustment costs and financial flexibility considerations play a key role and provide empirical evidence on the positive impact of hedge fund activists on their investee firms’ capital structures. Such findings are not driven by asset sales, wealth transfer from bondholders to stockholders, enhancing dividends via leverage and are robust to alternative explanations such as mechanical mean reversion of leverage and hedge funds’ stock picking skills. JEL: G14, G23, G32
CONTROLLING EUTROPHICATION BY WATER ARTIFICIAL CIRCULATION

Abstract. This work deals with artificial circulation as a shallow water aeration technique. Large waterbodies (for instance, lakes or reservoirs) get much of their oxygen from the atmosphere through diffusion processes. Artificial circulation increases water’s oxygen by forcefully circulating the water to expose more of it to the atmosphere. Two techniques are the most common: air injection and mechanical mixing. The former has been analyzed from an ecological viewpoint in several works (see, for instance, [3] and the references therein). However, in this work we will focus our attention on the latter that, as far as we know, has remained unaddressed in the mathematical literature. In this work we will introduce a mathematical formulation of the environmental problem as a control/state constrained optimal control problem of partial differential equations. Then, we will analyze the optimal control problem and finally, we will deal with the numerical resolution of the problem, presenting a complete numerical algorithm and a realistic computational example [4].
Study and Analysis of Various Types of Full Adder's Scheme for 250nm CMOS Technology

: A full adder is one of the most commonly used digital circuit component in any digital system design, over the years many improvements have been suggested to modify the architecture of a full adder. So far, the full adder of 10-T (transistors) architecture are considered as the most optimized design for performance and area. In this paper, 5 different types of 1 bit full adder namely 28T, 10T, 14T, Modified 14T and 12T adder is compared based on the basis of different parameters. The simulation has been carried out with properly defined simulation runs on a SPICE environment using a 0. 25µm process. The results may be differing from those previously published, both for the more realistic simulations carried out and the more appropriate figure of merit used. The main objective is to find out Delay, Power and Power delay product (PDP) of different full adders’ scheme and carry out the comparison.
Modgling of Lightning Incidence to Tall Structures Part I : Theory

The paper generalizes a recent physical approach to assess negative downward lightning incidence to apply to tall masts and hilly regions. Criteria. for occurrence of an upward flash from a tall structure under negative cloud are formulated, both for flat and hilly terrain. Finally the effect of structure on statistical stroke current distribution is analytically investigated. Extensive computer investigation to apply the theory as well as comparison with field observations are reported in a companion paper.
Annotation and Sentiment Analysis System for Myanmar News Using Naïve Bayes Algorithm

— Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is a combination technique of computational linguistics, natural language processing, and text analytics. Sentiment analysis provides important pieces of subjective information during decision making process. News provides very important information for people. There are many sentiment analysis researches for English and other language, but there is a little sentiment analysis research for Myanmar language. In Myanmar language, there are challenges in scare of resources. We construct Myanmar news sentiment tagged corpus and news data are collected from many websites such as duwun.com, news-eleven.com, 7daydaily.com and popularmyanmar.com, ayeyarwady.com and so on. In developing sentiment analysis, identification and extraction of feature information in source domain are also needed to perform. We use N-gram feature extraction process in this research to get more performance. Naïve Bayes is very similar and intuitive classification algorithm. In this paper, statistical approach such as Naïve Bayes algorithm is applied in document level sentiment analysis. We implement this system using Python Jupyter Notebook. We use 600 news data set including 300 positive news and 300 news positive news.
A Analysis Of Low Power Design Techniques For Last Level Caches Using Way Filter Technique

: Last-level caches (LLCs) help improve performance but suffer from energy overhead because of their large sizes. An effective solution to this problem is to selectively power down several cache ways, which, however, reduces cache associativity and performance and thus limits its effectiveness in reducing energy consumption. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new cache architecture that can logically increase cache associativity of way-powered-down LLCs. Our proposed scheme is designed to be dynamic in activating an appropriate number of cache ways in order to eliminate the need for static profiling to determine an energy-optimized cache configuration. The experimental results show that our proposed dynamic scheme reduces the energy consumption of LLCs by 60% on single-and dual-core systems, respectively, compared with the best performing conventional static cache configuration. The overall system energy consumption including CPU, L3 cache, and DRAM is reduced by 3.64% on Pentium Quad core systems. The project consists of three different tasks: 1) Design - Designing a low-power cache memory (instruction or data) at the abstract level after literature research; 2) Code - Writing a simulation program on top of a simulator (e.g., Simple scalar); and 3) Test - Running a test program to evaluate the low-power cache memory by using performance metrics.