Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuance in “No Excuses”: Unexpected Progressive Pedagogy and Policy

“No Excuses” charter schools are at the center of many debates in education policy. First, what accounts for their test success, excellent learning environments or merely test preparation? Second, are strict behavior policies necessary to create efficient learning environments or are they harmful to students and their ability to navigate authority? This study uses classroom observations, student surveys, and interviews of administrators, teachers and students to understand the dynamics of pedagogy and discipline in two high-performing charter schools in New York City. Surprisingly, what makes these top “no excuses” schools successful is what distances them from the “no excuses” standard definitions. The schools displayed progressive mathematics pedagogy, reflective and abridged discipline practices, and strong school cultures that retained both students and teachers. These findings suggest that there are more nuances in the “no excuses” model than previously known and which need to be understood before continued replication.
Evaluation of Plant-Based Byproducts as Green Fining Agents for Precision Winemaking

Consumers are increasingly looking for foods, including wine, that are free of animal-derived proteins. This study seeks to evaluate patatin, a new, plant-based and allergen-free fining agent, by comparing it with the fining agents polyvinipolypyrrolidone, bovine serum albumin, and methylcellulose. Specifically, its effects on the phenolic profile of enological tannins were analyzed with four spectrophotometric assays: OD 280 nm, Folin–Ciocâlteu, Adams–Harbertson, and methylcellulose. In addition, changes in the polyphenol composition of Sangiovese red wine were determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC with adsorption trials, and the solid–liquid interaction in a wine solution was modeled by both Langmuir and Freundlich equations. Our findings highlight the occurrence of systematic proportional error between the selected spectrophotometric assays. As a result, direct comparisons of protein precipitation assays can be made only among results obtained with the same spectrophotometric method. However, it is clear that patatin has an impact on the phenolic profile of Sangiovese red wine: it removes simple phenolics (gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, syringic acid, fertaric acid, coutaric acid, and rutin) as well as both oligomeric and polymeric tannins to different extents. In concentrations of less than 1 g/L, the patatin isotherm showed a linear relation between the equilibrium concentration and the quantity absorbed, obeying the Freundlich model reasonably well (KF 1.46; 1/n 1.07; R2 0.996 with 1/n > 1). Thus, the adsorption process is strongly dependent on the fining dosage.
Disability Stigma and Discrimination in Nepal: A Study of Pokhara Metropolitan City

Stigma and discrimination attached to disability are not new phenomenon in Nepal. People, irrespective of disability status, have been aware of these phenomena since long history of human kind from socio-cultural perspectives prevalent in Nepalese society. In this context, people with disability have been facing stigma and discrimination in their family and society. There are tremendous disruptions in attaining quality of life of the people. However, there is a dearth of such studies attached to disability, especially in the present contexts of socio-cultural transformation and era of assistive devices. This study focuses on root causes of disability stigma and discrimination in people with disability in Pokhara Metropolitan City. It adopts qualitative research approach, following in-depth interview to people with disability using semi-structured questionnaires in the city. This study investigated that there are heavily loaded stigma and discrimination in people with disability, especially in women in-migrants in their place of origin. It concludes that gender, caste, class, and residence are intrinsically linked with the daily lives of the people. This study has important policy implications in reducing stigma and discrimination, and in attaining quality of lives of the people.
Caregiver–child relationships in after-school care: the role of gender and the gender match

ABSTRACT Affective teacher–child relationships have frequently been investigated in school settings, but less attention has been devoted to these relationships in after-school care. This study explored caregiver- (N = 90) and child-informed reports (N = 90) of the affective caregiver–child relationship (N = 180 dyads) in Dutch after-school care, exploring gender differences at caregiver and child level and the relationship with a gender match between children and caregivers. The caregivers and children reported relatively high levels of closeness and relatively low level of conflict and dependency/autonomy support, irrespective of gender. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that a gender match between child and caregiver was associated with teacher-reported closeness: levels were highest in female-girl dyads and lowest in male-boy dyads. Further, boys indicated the highest levels of autonomy in male-boy dyads, whereas girls indicated the lowest levels in female-girl dyads. Masculinity of staff was associated with more child-reported autonomy support, whereas femininity predicted caregiver-reported closeness in the relationship.
Academic Stress Factors in Slovak University Students During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Aim: To study the in/direct relationship between fear of COVID-19 contraction and academic stress during the ﬁ rst wave of the pandemic. Method: Th e sample consisted of 835 university students (597 female students, 71.5%, M = 22.71 years of age, SD = 3.69). Data were gathered online by the questionnaire of the international study Th e COVID-19 International Student Well-being Study (C19 ISWS). Results: An above-average level of academic stress and a below-average gender-related level of fear of contracting the virus were found. Th e relationship between fear of contracting the virus and academic stress was serially mediated by loneliness and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Th e ﬁ ndings stress the importance of monitoring the level of fear of virus contraction and the student-perceived perspective of academic achievement during actions taken by academic authorities to support the quality of teaching and students’ mental health.
After Hospital: Should Older Care-Needing Patients Be Transferred to Their Homes or to an Intermediate Care Institution?

Background: In most European countries, communities need to provide health and social care services to an increasing number of severely ill patients discharged from hospitals. We investigated whether nurses in hospitals and in the communities’ health and social care services experienced that the administration in the municipalities allocated older patients the right type of services after hospital discharge. Methods: We used data from Norway, with a qualitative pilot study and quantitative analysis (structural equation modeling) of surveys involving 2431 nurses on inpatient wards in acute hospitals and 4312 nurses working in nursing homes or home nursing. Results: Dissatisfaction was widespread with the use of patients’ homes the first days after hospital discharge. Among nurses working in hospitals, 38% were commonly or very commonly disagreeing with the use of the patient’s home after hospital discharge, 25% among home nurses, and 18% among nurses in nursing homes. Home nurses were more prone to oppose the use of patients’ homes if they also experienced that their service had inadequate staffing or inadequate medical equipment. Conclusions: This research indicates conflicting priorities between the bureaucracy and nurses involved in actual work with older patients. From the nurses’ perspective, the municipalities’ administration was offering too few older patients short-term-stay in an intermediate care institution as part of the clinical pathway from hospital to home. However, providing more recourses to home nursing would improve their ability to provide sufficient care to older patients discharged from hospital.
Many-Objective Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem with Green Consideration

With the increasingly customized product requirements of customers, the manufactured products have the characteristics of multi-variety and small-batch production. A high-quality production scheduling scheme can reduce energy consumption, improve production capacity and processing quality of the enterprise. The high-dimensional many-objective green flexible job shop scheduling problem (Ma-OFJSSP) urgently needs to be solved. However, the existing optimization method are difficult to effectively optimize the Ma-OFJSSP. This study proposes a many-objective flexible job shop scheduling model. An optimization method SV-MA is designed to effectively optimize the Ma-OFJSSP model. The SV-MA memetic algorithm combines an improved strength Pareto evolution method (SPEA2) and the variable neighborhood search method. To effectively distinguish the better solutions and increase the selection pressure of the non-dominated solutions, the fitness calculation method based on the shift-based density estimation strategy is adopted. The SV-MA algorithm designs the variable neighborhood strategy which combines with scheduling knowledge. Finally, in the workshop scheduling benchmarks and the machining workshop engineering case, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and SV-MA algorithm are verified by comparison with other methods. The production scheduling scheme obtained by the proposed model and SV-MA optimization algorithm can improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption in the production process.
Understanding Home Math Environments and Math Talks of Children with Low and Middle Socioeconomic Status

Accepted: 25.01. 2022 The early experiences of children play an important role in their mathematical skills. The purpose of this study is to explore home math environment and math talks of preschool children with low and middle socioeconomic status (SES) in their daily life. The participants of the study consisted of 14 children (45-76 months) with low and middle SES and their parents. The home math environments of the children were examined based on the materials at home and the home math activities with their parents. In addition, the natural conversations of children with their parents were recorded and their math talks were analyzed. The findings showed that the number of materials that support mathematics learning in the children’s homes with low SES children is less than children’s with middle SES. The homes of children with low and middle SES parents’ home math activities diversified in terms of the frequency and the types. In addition, parents and their children produced math talks in various categories such as counting, classification, comparison, ordering, spatial perception, operation, measuring and one-to-one corresponding during daily conversations. In all categories, parent-child dyads with middle SES produced more math talks than those with lowSES. SES is an important factor that should be taken into account in parental support to children’s math development.
Sentiment Analysis of Statements on Social Media and Electronic Media Using Machine and Deep Learning Classifiers

When it comes to our everyday life, emotions have a critical role to play. It goes without saying that it is critical in the context of mobile-computer interaction. In social and mobile communication, it is vital to understand the influence of emotions on the way people interact with one another and with the material they access. This study tried to investigate the relationship between the expressive state of mind and the efficacy of the human-mobile interaction while accessing a variety of different sorts of material over the course of learning. In addition, the difficulty of the feeling of many individuals is taken into account in this research. Human hardness is an important factor in determining a person's personality characteristics, and the material that they can access will alter depending on how they engage with a mobile device. It analyzes the link between the human-mobile interaction and the person's mental toughness to provide excellent suggestion material in the appropriate manner. In this study, an explicit feedback selection method is used to gather information on the emotional state of the mind of the participants. It has also been shown that the emotional state of a person's mind influences the human-mobile connection, with persons with varying levels of hardness accessing a variety of various sorts of material. It is hoped that this research will assist content producers in identifying engaging material that will encourage mobile users to promote good content by studying their personality features.
Realized Factor Models for Vast Dimensional Covariance Estimation

We introduce a novel approach for estimating vast dimensional covariance matrices of asset returns by combining a linear factor model structure with the use of high- and low-frequency data. Specically, we propose the use of \liquid" factors { i.e. factors that can be observed free of noise at high frequency { to estimate the factor covariance matrix and idiosyncratic risk with high precision from intra-day data whereas the individual assets’ factor exposures are estimated from low frequency data to counter the impact of non-synchronicity between illiquid stocks and highly liquid factors. Our theoretical and simulation results illustrate that the performance of this \mixed-frequency" factor model is excellent: it compares favorably to the Hayashi and Yoshida (2005) covariance estimator (in a bi-variate setting) and the realized covariance estimator in the presence of market microstructure noise and non-synchronous trading. In empirical applications for the S&P500, S&P400 and S&P600 stock universes and using highly liquid ETFs as proxies for the Fama and French (1992) style and industry factors, we nd that the mixed-frequency factor model delivers better tracking errors and Value-at-Risk forecasts compared to the realized covariance. In contrast to the realized covariance the performance of the \mixed-frequency factor model" is robust across sampling frequencies and forecast weighting schemes.
Development of a bead-based multiplex assay to quantify bovine interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ concentrations in plasma and cell culture supernatant

Graphical Abstract Summary: Bead-based assays provide a high-throughput platform allowing for simultaneous quantification of multiple cytokines. Our objective was to develop a multiplex bead-based assay using monoclonal reagents for simultaneous quantification of bovine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10, and IFN-γ in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture supernatants. Recombinant cytokine standards produced in mammalian cells were used to determine the lower limit of detection and linear detection range for each cytokine. Concentrations of native cytokines were determined in PBMC culture supernatants (n = 4) and plasma from whole-blood samples (n = 6) with or without stimulation with LPS or a mix of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. The multiplex assay can quantify native IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ across a broad concentration range in bovine plasma and cell culture samples, thereby providing a novel tool to evaluate inflammatory profiles in cattle, especially in dairy cows with inflammatory conditions.
Crystal Orientation Dependence of the Portevin–Le Chatelier Effect in Instrumented Indentation: A Case Study in Twinning-Induced Plasticity Steels

Instrumented indentation can be effectively used to investigate the Portevin–Le Chatelier (PLC) effect at small scales. It has been shown that the PLC effect in single crystals may depend on the crystal orientation, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the orientation dependence of the PLC effect was systematically studied by conducting instrumented indentation tests in the [001]-, [101]- and [111]-oriented grains of a polycrystalline twinning-induced plasticity steel. It is found that the crystal orientation does not affect the PLC effect at relatively high indentation strain rates. In contrast, there is a strong orientation dependence at lower rates, with enhanced difficulty in the formation of serrations in the order of the [001], [111] and [101] orientations. This finding contradicts the previous proposals of the orientation effects, which are associated with the dislocation waiting time. On the basis of both the orientation and rate effects observed here, we proposed that the crystal orientation influences the occurrence of serrations in instrumented indentation by affecting the number of activated slip systems and, therefore, the probability of finding sufficient dislocation sources to accommodate the plastic avalanche.
Comparative Evaluation of the Two Multilevel Concepts With Full ZVS Operation Employing WBG Devices for Use in 1500-V PV Systems

A multi-level boost topology based on a flying capacitor is compared in this work with the hybrid, multi-level, partial power processing topology already presented in the literature for use as a highly efficient and compact dc/dc stage in 1500-V, two-stage, grid-connected PV systems. Different variations of the resonant stage of the hybrid topology are analyzed and compared in terms of losses, volume and complexity. Full multivariable optimization is conducted for the multi-level boost topology with different number of levels and for all the analyzed variations of the resonant stage of the hybrid topology. Appropriately rated new classes of 650-V and 900-V WBG devices are included in the optimization algorithm. It is concluded that due to the dominant conduction losses and gap in the voltage rating of the commercially available WBG devices between 650V and 200V, increase of the number of levels over 4 leads to the deteriorated loss and volume performances. All the analysis related to the resonant stage of the hybrid topology is confirmed by detailed and comprehensive measurements of two prototypes of 4kW of nominal and 7kW of maximal power. Additionally, all the loss models applied in the optimization algorithms presented in this paper are confirmed by detailed measurements, thermal calibration and finite element thermal simulations of the wide bandgap devices and inductor designs employed in this work.
Learning-based enhancement of limited-view optoacoustic tomography based on image- and time-domain data

Optoacoustic images are often afflicted with distortions and artifacts corresponding to system limitations, including limited-view tomographic data. We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) approach for optoacoustic image quality enhancement combining training on both time-resolved signals and tomographic reconstructions. Reference human finger data for training the CNN were recorded using a full-ring array system with optimal tomographic coverage. The reconstructions were further refined with a dedicated algorithm that minimizes acoustic reflection artifacts induced by acoustically mismatch structures, such as bones. The combined methodology is shown to outperform other CNN-based methods solely operating on image-domain data.
Dynamic ensemble selection of convolutional neural networks and its application in flower classification

: In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved great success in image classification. However, CNN models usually have complex network structures that tend to cause some related problems, such as redundancy of network parameters, low training efficiency, overfitting, and weak generalization ability. To solve these problems and improve the accuracy of flower classification, the advantages of CNNs were combined with those of ensemble learning and a method was developed for the dynamic ensemble selection of CNNs. First, MobileNet models pre-trained on a public dataset were transferred to flower datasets to train thirteen different MobileNet classifiers, and a resampling strategy was used to enhance the diversity of individual models. Second, the thirteen classifiers were sorted by a classifier sorting algorithm, before ensemble selection, to avoid an exhaustive search. Finally, with the credibility of recognition results, a classifier subset was dynamically selected and integrated to identify the flower species from their images. To verify the effectiveness, the proposed method was used to classify the images of five flower species. The accuracy of the proposed method was 95.50%, an improvement of 1.62%, 3.94%, 22.04%, 13.77%, and 0.44%, over those of MobileNet, Inception-v1, ResNet-50, Inception-ResNet-v2, and the linear ensemble method, respectively. In addition, the performance of the proposed method was compared with five other methods for flower classification. The experimental results demonstrated the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.
Diffusion Restriction Comparison between Gleason 4 Fused Glands and Cribriform Glands within Patient Using Whole-Mount Prostate Pathology as Ground Truth

The presence and extent of cribriform patterned Gleason 4 (G4) glands are associated with poor prognosis following radical prostatectomy. This study used whole-mount prostate histology and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) to evaluate diffusion differences in G4 gland morphology. Fourty-eight patients underwent MP-MRI prior to prostatectomy, of whom 22 patients had regions of both G4 cribriform glands and G4 fused glands (G4CG and G4FG, respectively). After surgery, the prostate was sliced using custom, patient-specific 3D-printed slicing jigs modeled according to the T2-weighted MR image, processed, and embedded in paraffin. Whole-mount hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were annotated by our urologic pathologist and digitally contoured to differentiate the lumen, epithelium, and stroma. Digitized slides were co-registered to the T2-weighted MRI scan. Linear mixed models were fitted to the MP-MRI data to consider the different hierarchical structures at the patient and slide level. We found that Gleason 4 cribriform glands were more diffusion-restricted than fused glands.
A Control Strategy for Load Frequency Control Coordinating Economic Load Dispatch & Load Forecasting Via Kalman Filter

This paper presents a control mechanism for Automatic Generation Control of multi generating interconnected power system. This control technique organise the excellent relationship between the electric load forecasting & Economic Load Dispatch for interconnected power system. The main component of LFC is to monitor the frequency nearly at constant standard value (50 Hz in India) & to regulate the net balance interchanged tie-line power flow between the different control areas within the prescribed limit. Since, electrical load is always fluctuating in nature & due to slow response of Area Control Error (ACE), needs some other means to overcome this limits& this leading to the forecasting technique to be incorporated with the Economic Load Dispatch for improved dynamic response of the power system. Load prediction technique is incorporated by Kalman filter recursive algorithm & then this bank of load is interpolated at a regular interval of 5 - minutes & these conceptscalled as "a very short-term load forecasting". Total forecasted demanded electric load is distributed among the different generating unit via participation factors in context with the concepts of Economic Load Dispatch & Generation allocation. Results & Discussion section of this paper support this control technique wisely for the given simulated interconnected power system.