Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generalized Small Signal Modeling of Coupled-Inductor-Based High-Gain High-Efficiency DC–DC Converters

Usually, the high-gain high-efficiency dc–dc converters consist of many passive components, which increases the order of the system. As the order increases, system modeling and control become more complex. Thus, there is a need for the simplification of the small signal modeling process of such converters. This paper presents a generalized small signal model and equivalent circuit for an $n$ th-order coupled-inductor-based high-voltage gain converters (CIHVGC) that can be conveniently used for the control design. The state variable representation of a generalized coupled inductor with p windings is included. A simplified step by step procedure to obtain small signal model using visual inspection is presented. Analysis is included and verified using simulations and experiments for the output voltage regulation of high-voltage gain converters. The usefulness and versatility of the proposed model is verified with three examples of high gain converters belonging to the CIHVGC family. All the analytical, simulation, and experimental details of this paper are presented.
Low-Dose Esketamine as an Adjuvant to Propofol Sedation for Same-Visit Bidirectional Endoscopy: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Same-visit bidirectional endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy) is widely performed under sedation. At present, the optimal sedation regimen remains unclear. This study aims to test the hypothesis that a low-dose esketamine added to propofol sedation reduces hemodynamic and respiratory adverse events in these procedures. Methods In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 660 adult patients scheduled for same-visit bidirectional endoscopy under sedation from 3 teaching hospitals in China will be recruited. Patients will be randomly allocated, in a 1:1 ratio, to an esketamine group or a normal saline group (n = 330 in each group), stratified by study center. All patients will receive intravenous propofol 0.5 mg/kg and sufentanil 0.1 μg/mL for induction of sedation, followed by intravenous esketamine 0.15 mg/kg or the same volume of normal saline. Propofol will be titrated to the target sedation levels during the procedures. The primary endpoint is a composite of desaturation (peripheral oxygen saturation < 90%) and hypotension (systolic blood pressure <80 mmHg or decrease >30% of baseline). Secondary endpoints include desaturation, hypotension, total dose of propofol, pain scores and fatigue scores on the 0–10 numerical rating scale, dizziness or headache, hallucination or nightmare, nausea or vomiting, endoscopist satisfaction, and patient satisfaction. All analyses will be intention-to-treat. Discussion We expect that a low-dose esketamine adjunct to propofol-based sedation will improve cardiorespiratory stability in patients undergoing same-visit bidirectional endoscopy, providing reference for clinical sedation practice during these procedures. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Identifier: ChiCTR-ChiCTR2200055938).
Modeling, Analysis, and Applications in Metaheuristic Computing: Advancements and Trends

The engineering and business problems the world faces today have become more impenetrable and unstructured, making the design of a satisfactory problem-specific algorithm nontrivial.Modeling, Analysis, and Applications in Metaheuristic Computing: Advancements and Trends is a collection of the latest developments, models, and applications within the transdisciplinary fields related to metaheuristic computing. Providing researchers, practitioners, and academicians with insight into a wide range of topics such as genetic algorithms, differential evolution, and ant colony optimization, this book compiles the latest findings, analysis, improvements, and applications of technologies within metaheuristic computing.
Impacts of Information Flow Topology on Traffic Dynamics of CAV-MV Heterogeneous Flow

With the development of Connected Autonomous Vehicle (CAV) technology, different information flow topologies (IFTs) have been applied to CAV Ad Hoc Networks. Firstly, from the perspective of the controller, a general model is proposed to directly reflect the actual communication effect on the controller instead of simply abstracting it into the optimal time interval, which is more feasible. Secondly, linear stability analysis is carried out based on the general model where different time delays are considered, and stability criterion is obtained for subsequent analysis. Finally, we compare the three main IFTs through numerical simulations and analyze the difference in stability region, robustness, traffic safety, and Eco-driving between platoon Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) controllers based on different IFTs. It is found that adopting CACCs can notably improve the traffic capacity and traffic safety relative to Manual Vehicle (MV) no matter what IFT is adopted. As for the difference between the three IFTs, predecessor-leader following (PLF) and multiple-predecessor-leader following (MPLF) are significantly superior to predecessor following (PF), while the choice between PLF and MPLF depends on the communication bandwidth. With higher communication bandwidth or fewer communication vehicles, MPLF will be a better option; on the contrary, PLF is more suitable.
Detuned Resonant Capacitors Selection for Improved Misalignment Tolerance of LCC-S Compensated Wireless Power Transfer System

This study proposes a detuned resonant capacitor selection strategy to eliminate the influence of the changed coupling coefficient on the transferred power and efficiency of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system using the LCC-S resonant topology. The output characteristics of the conventional tuned LCC-S system and the novel detuned system are analyzed and compared in detail, the different effects of the detuned parameters on the system output performance are expounded by simulations, and an optimal detuned parameter design process is presented. By adjusting the compensated capacitors on the transmitting side, the output voltage can be constant under varying coupling conditions without changing the switching frequency. Experiments with a 1.5kW power scale were conducted to verify the proposed theoretical analysis. The results show that the fluctuation of the output voltage is restricted to 8.2% in the optimized system when the coupling coefficient changes from 0.18 to 0.38. Under the rated coupling conditions, the experimental results demonstrate that compared with ZPA (88.29%) and ZVS (90.66%), ZCS (91.52%) operating conditions are more suitable for a WPT system equipped with IGBTs to improve the overall efficiency.
Hadoop as a Service: Integration of a Company’s Heterogeneous Data to a Remote Hadoop Infrastructure

—Data analysis is very important for the development of any business today. It helps to identify organizational bottlenecks, optimize business processes, foresee customers’ demands and behavior, and provides summarized data that could help reducing costs and increase profits. Having this information when designing new products or services highly increases the chances of their success, and thus provides an additional competitive advantage over other businesses. However, having a single data analyst with a computer is far from enough in the era of big data. There are powerful data analytical software tools, but they are either expensive or hard to deploy and require multiple high-performance servers to run. Buying expensive hardware and software, and hiring high-qualified IT experts, is not affordable for all companies, especially for smaller ones and start-ups. Therefore, this article proposes an architecture for integration of a company’s heterogeneous data (stored within a database of any type, or in the file system) to a remote Hadoop cluster, providing powerful data analytical services on demand. This is an affordable and cost-effective cloud-based solution, suitable for a company of any size. Businesses are not required to by any hardware or software, but use the data analytical services on demand, paying a small processing fee per request or by subscription.
Feeding meat goats mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel rich in condensed tannins, flavonoids, and cinnamic acid improves growth performance and plasma antioxidant activity under tropical conditions

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and plasma antioxidant activity of meat goats fed diets containing mangosteen peel powder (MPP; 41.25 g/kg dry matter). Twelve goats (body weight, 23.1 ± 1.49 kg) were fed a total mixed ration for 0–38 days under a severe temperature–humidity index (temperature, 80.96–103.64°F; humidity, 63%). Body weight and samples of feed, rumen fluid, blood, faeces, and urine were analysed. The MPP diet included condensed tannins, flavonoids, and cinnamic acid. Compared to the control group (CTL; no MPP), dietary MPP increased the nutrient digestibility of organic matter and body weight percentage of goats. Total volatile fatty acids, with a higher proportion of acetic acid, were higher in the MPP group; however, pH and NH3-N remained unchanged for both groups. Methane production in the rumen was reduced in the MPP group. Dietary MPP partly improved biochemical indicators such as plasma total protein (PTP) and albumin (ALB), and modulated antioxidant activity by increasing the glutathione peroxidase concentration and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity in plasma. These findings indicate that feeding meat goats the proposed MPP diet represents an environmentally friendly strategy for improving growth performance and plasma antioxidant activity under a severe temperature–humidity index.
The video assistant referee (VAR) as neo-coloniality of power? Fan negative reactions to VAR in the 2018 FIFA Men’s World Cup

Abstract The 2018 FIFA Men’s World Cup saw the controversial introduction of VAR in the global stage, meanwhile little research has examined supporters’ reactions to it. To understand how fans experienced VAR we employed a digital sociological approach by focusing on one loosely defined online community. We scraped over 300,000 comments from 31 videos on YouTube that were subsequently critically analysed. Three main categories emerged: Global North vs Global South; Non-Neutrality of Technology; VAR is Killing the Beautiful Game. In this paper our analysis focus on the first category to argue that VAR was experienced by supporters as neo-colonial technological tool. Fans recognised VAR as: favouring loosely defined Global North sides; and improving Global North sides’ chances of winning. Our nuanced analysis of technologization of sport shows how it was both experienced by supporters as a power implementing artefact, but also provide a place for loosely defined antisystemic movements to emerge.
Facial Emotion Classifier using Convolutional Neural Networks for Reaction Review

Applications of facial emotion classification is gaining popularity in the world. There are many ways to train a model to classify human facial expressions by use of existing technologies. The strategy to order and recognize feelings of an individual conveyed by his facial expression is done by contrasting it to a gathered set of labelled experiences of feelings. In this paper, we propose the making of an intelligent system that will recognize and classify facial emotions. A multi-layer Convolutional Neural Network model is proposed. Another method of training using pretrained ResNet50 Model is explored. A basic live video streaming application is developed to showcase the use case of our model which will be capable of monitoring and recording facial emotions in real time from a live video stream and subsequently summarize the overall reactions at the end of the stream.
Phase 1 upgrade of the CMS pixel detector

The pixel tracker of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment is the innermost sub-detector, located close to the collision point, and is used for reconstruction of the tracks and vertices of charged particles. The present pixel detector was designed to work efficiently with the maximum instantaneous luminosity of 1 × 1034 cm−2 s−1. In 2017 the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is expected to deliver a peak luminosity reaching up to 2 × 1034 cm−2 s−1, increasing the mean number of primary vertices to 50. Due to the radiation damage and significant data losses due to high occupancy in the readout chip of the pixel detector, the present system must be replaced by a new one in an extended end-of-year shutdown during winter 2016/2017 in order to maintain the excellent tracking and other physics performances. The main new features of the upgraded pixel detector are a ultra-light mechanical design with four barrel layers and three end-cap disks, digital readout chip with higher rate capability and a new cooling system. In this document, we discuss the motivations for the upgrade, the design, and technological choices made, the status of the construction of the new detector and the future plans for the installation and commissioning.
Sources of Awareness of HIV/AIDS Prevalence among Secondary School Students in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria

The provision of information on HIV/AIDS in Nigeria’s secondary schools is often considered inadequate to prevent or limit the scourge among teenagers. In this study, we examined the sources of information for secondary school students on prevalence of the disease in the southern senatorial district of Cross River State, Nigeria. The sources examined included parents, teachers, the social media, health care professionals and the mass media. Eight hundred students in five randomly selected secondary schools were sampled for questionnaire administration, of which 789 were retrieved for analysis. Majority of the students had some knowledge of the causes, mode of transmission, and preventive measures of HIV/AIDS, but they lacked adequate access to the various sources of more specific information available on the subject matter. Only 187 respondents (23.7%) agreed that their parents taught them about sex education in connection with HIV/AIDS. Our data showed low parental knowledge of the spread of the disease, hence the inadequate education of their wards. About 78% of the respondents agreed that the social media provided more information on HIV/AIDS. However, nearly all the respondents (about 92%) did not use social media sites because they had no access to browsing phones or computers. Many of the respondents heard about HIV/AIDS from health counselors and community health workers in their areas of residence. The overall results indicated that prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the study area could be moderated by knowledge of the disease facilitated by adequate information and increased awareness. There is need to intensify the awareness through the mass media and other outlets considered in this study, starting from the home. Received: 16 November 2021 / Accepted: 3 February 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Hybrid backstepping control for rotorcraft guidance

The purpose of this communication is to display a non-linear control approach based on backstepping for the positioning and orientation for a four-rotor aircraft. Realistic rotorcraft flight dynamics are introduced and the effectiveness of its control channels is analyzed. Then two complementary implementations of the backstepping control approach are considered. The compatibility of these control approaches with a two-layer control structure devoted to the guidance of the rotorcraft is displayed. The resulting control laws are detailed and their expected performances are discussed. A simulation study is performed where the performances of the proposed control structure are compared with those of a classical non linear inverse control solution.
Surface Integral Equation Solutions for Electromagnetic Scattering From a Special Class of Anisotropic Media

We present a surface integral equation (SIE) solution for a special class of anisotropic media, whose permittivity and permeability are both symmetric full tensors with the same or multiple values. This kind of media is generated from the invisible cloaking or absorbing material of a perfectly matched layer (PML) design. A new derivation based on the potential functions is presented to obtain the closed-form Green’s function. Detailed and rigorous proofs of some vector identities are given for the first time. Special treatments are detailed to address the singularity of the anisotropic Green’s function for discretizing the SIE. Numerical experiments validate the accuracy, stability, and high efficiency of the proposed solution compared with the analytical solution or the finite element-boundary integral (FE-BI) method.
Improvement of the Nutritional Quality of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus Tubers by Fermentation with Ruminal Crabtree-Negative Yeasts on the In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation in Rumen Fluid

The purpose of this study was to determine how ruminal Crabtree-negative yeast affects the nutritional characteristics of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) tubers (WBT), in vitro gas and digestibility, and rumen fermentation. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete design with a 5 × 2 (+1) factorial arrangement. Factor A determined the WBT products (a1 = dry WBT, a2 = fermented WBT without yeast in media solution, a3 = fermented WBT with Pichia kudriavzevii KKU20, a4 = fermented WBT with Candida tropicalis KKU20, and a5 = fermented WBT with Saccharomyces cerevisiae), whereas factor B determined the level of fermented WBT replacing cassava chips (b1 = WBT at 50% and b2 = 100% levels). The results of the experiment showed that the fermentation approach could increase the crude protein (CP) content of WBT by around 7% (p < 0.01). The WBT fermented with yeast lowered the number of aerobic bacteria during the fermentation process (p < 0.01). P. kudriazevii KKU20 yeast strain had a 17.3% higher final asymptotic gas volume (Vf) than the C. tropicalis KKU20. Crabtree-negative yeast had a higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) than Crabtree-positive yeast after 12 h of incubation (p < 0.01). Fermented WBT with yeast had a higher IVDMD after 24 h of incubation than fermented WBT without yeast in the media solution (p < 0.05). The fermented WBT with C. tropicalis KKU20 enhanced propionic acid (C3) concentrations when cassava chips were replaced for half of all of the diet (C3 ranged from 26.0 to 26.4 mol/100 mol; p < 0.01). Furthermore, Crabtree-negative yeast isolated from the rumen stimulates rumen bacteria more effectively than Crabtree-positive yeast (p < 0.01). According to our findings, nutritional enrichment with yeast might increase the in vitro gas production and digestibility of WBT. The study also demonstrated that Crabtree-negative yeast has a promising lead in terms of improving rumen fermentation quality. However, further research is required before deciding on an effective approach for optimizing the potential of WBT as a feed source.
Towards Responsible AI: A Design Space Exploration of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence User Interfaces to Investigate Fairness

Abstract With Artificial intelligence (AI) to aid or automate decision-making advancing rapidly, a particular concern is its fairness. In order to create reliable, safe and trustworthy systems through human-centred artificial intelligence (HCAI) design, recent efforts have produced user interfaces (UIs) for AI experts to investigate the fairness of AI models. In this work, we provide a design space exploration that supports not only data scientists but also domain experts to investigate AI fairness. Using loan applications as an example, we held a series of workshops with loan officers and data scientists to elicit their requirements. We instantiated these requirements into FairHIL, a UI to support human-in-the-loop fairness investigations, and describe how this UI could be generalized to other use cases. We evaluated FairHIL through a think-aloud user study. Our work contributes better designs to investigate an AI model’s fairness—and move closer towards responsible AI.
Optimum Conditions for Efficient Second-Harmonic Power Generation in mm-Wave Harmonic Oscillators

Based on the polyharmonic distortion (PHD) method, we present an approach to find the optimum conditions for efficient second-harmonic signal generation in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) harmonic oscillators that also maximize their DC-to-RF efficiency. These conditions include magnitude and phase of voltages at the gate and drain of the core transistors at both fundamental and second-harmonic signal components as well as the DC bias point to generate the maximum achievable second-harmonic power. We also establish that the steady-state oscillation at the fundamental frequency is a crucial criterion to obtain such conditions. The maximum achievable power and efficiency obtained from the proposed approach are independent of the harmonic oscillator topology and hence can be regarded as a reference for comparing different design techniques and structures. According to the proposed design procedure, the optimum conditions for an nMOS transistor acting as the active core of a 200-GHz harmonic oscillator are found and a second-order harmonic oscillator topology that can fulfill the optimum conditions is proposed. The oscillator is designed and fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process and achieves peak DC-to-RF efficiency of 6.05%. The peak output power at 1.2-V supply is 2.9 dBm at 203 GHz.
The impact of monetary policy on private capital formation in Nigeria: Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach

The study examines the impact of monetary policy on private capital formation in Nigeria from 1980 to 2020. The study adopts Keynes's theory of capital formation as its theoretical framework. The stationarity tests show a mixed level of stationarity among the variables. Consequently, the study employs ARDL as its estimation technique. The study reveals that Monetary Policy has a positive impact on Private Capital Formation in Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the government should maintain the current Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) to continue impacting Private Capital Formation positively. Secondly, the government should formulates appropriate policies that will ensure that the Exchange Rate (EXCHR) is stable so that it can improve the level of Private Capital Formation in Nigeria. Lastly, the government should embark on policies that will curb inflation or help reduce the rate of inflation to increase the level of Private Capital Formation.