Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Role of the Perceived Impact of Climate Change on National Adaptation Policy: The Case of Rice Farming in Indonesia

Climate change (CC) is one of the primary threats to the agricultural sector in developing countries. Several empirical studies have shown that the implementation of adaptation practices can reduce the adverse effects of CC. The likelihood of farmers performing adaptation practices is mostly influenced by the degree of CC impact that they perceive. Thus, we identified the characteristics of farmers that affect the degree of the CC impact that they perceive. We used data from the Indonesian Rice Farm Household survey consisting of 87,330 farmers. An ordered probit regression model was used to estimate the effect of each variable on the degree of the perceived impact of CC. The results of this study confirm those of previous empirical studies. Several variables that have been identified as having a positive effect on farmer adaptation practices, such as farmer education, land tenure, irrigation infrastructure, cropping system, chemical fertilizer application, access to extension services, and participation in farmer groups, negatively affect the degree of the perceived impact of CC. However, a different result was found in the estimation of the gender variable. We found that female farmers have a higher CC resilience and ability to withstand climatic shocks and risks than male farmers. Female farmers have a more positive perception of future farming conditions than male farmers. We recommend the implementation of a national adaptation policy that use and expand the channel of agricultural extension services to deliver the planned adaptation policy, and prioritizes farmers with insecure land tenure. Additionally, we encourage the increasing of female involvement in the CC adaptation practices and decision-making processes.
Characterizing the Performance Bottlenecks of Irregular GPU Kernels

Graphics processing units (GPUs) are increasingly being used to accelerate general-purpose applications, including applications with data-dependent, irregular memory access patterns and control flow. However, relatively little is known about the behavior of irregular GPU codes, and there has been minimal effort to quantify the ways in which they differ from regular general-purpose GPU applications. I examine the behavior of a suite of optimized irregular GPU applications written in CUDA on a cycle-level GPU simulator. I characterize the performance bottlenecks in each program and connect source code to microarchitectural performance characteristics. I also assess the performance impact of modifying hardware parameters such as the cache and DRAM bandwidths and latencies, data cache sizes, coalescing behavior, and warp scheduling policy, and I discuss the implications for future GPU architecture design. I find that, while irregular graph codes exhibit significantly more underutilized execution cycles due to branch divergence, load imbalance, and synchronization overhead than regular programs, overall, code optimizations are often able to effectively address these performance hurdles. Insufficient bandwidth, long memory latency, and poor cache effectiveness are the biggest limiters of performance. Applications with irregular memory access patterns are more sensitive to changes in L2 latency and bandwidth than DRAM latency and bandwidth. Additionally, greedy-then-oldest scheduling is the best simple warp scheduler for irregular codes, and two-level scheduling does not significantly improve the performance of such codes.
Propagation methods in Babaco plants (Vasconcella x helbornii)

Babaco, (Vasconcellea x helbornii syn Carica pentagona), is an endemic fruit to South of Ecuador and North of Peru, which is becoming very popular on the continuously expanding subtropical fruit market for a few years now. From the nutritional point of view, this fruit is very rich in fiber, it also has a good amount of vitamins, minerals and papain, an enzyme with great digestive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, due to the diseases that attack babaco plants and the sterile character of their fruits, exports have been significantly reduced being considered as an unprofitable agricultural production. New techniques in plant biotechnology as in vitro culture could make possible a massive production of free-pathogens babaco plants. In particular, somatic embryogenesis is a rapid way of obtaining genetically identical individuals which is also used in in vitro conservation of germplasm and plant genetic improvement. The present document aims to summarize the techniques of obtaining new plants of babaco and evidences the achievements obtained in somatic embryogenesis in the Caricaceae family up today.
High-dimensional chaotic laser secure communication system based on variable laser power

In recent years, with the development of eavesdropping technology, how to improve the security of data transmission has become a hot research issue. In order to enhance the security of the secure communication system, a chaotic laser secure communication system with variable laser power is proposed in this paper. Based on the original optoelectronic feedback chaotic laser communication system, the change of laser power is regarded as a new key. The simulation results show that the error rate of the eavesdropper is above 10-2 over most of the laser power, and the average error bit rate of the eavesdropper is 7 orders of magnitude higher than the average error rate of the authorized receiver. In addition, the appropriate masking efficiency will reduce the bit error rate of the eavesdropper, while it has little effect on the eavesdropper. The system scheme can be used in communication with high confidentiality requirements in the future.
SmartHerd management: A microservices‐based fog computing–assisted IoT platform towards data‐driven smart dairy farming

Internet of Things (IoT), fog computing, cloud computing, and data‐driven techniques together offer a great opportunity for verticals such as dairy industry to increase productivity by getting actionable insights to improve farming practices, thereby increasing efficiency and yield. In this paper, we present SmartHerd, a fog computing–assisted end‐to‐end IoT platform for animal behavior analysis and health monitoring in a dairy farming scenario. The platform follows a microservices‐oriented design to assist the distributed computing paradigm and addresses the major issue of constrained Internet connectivity in remote farm locations. We present the implementation of the designed software system in a 6‐month mature real‐world deployment, wherein the data from wearables on cows is sent to a fog‐based platform for data classification and analysis, which includes decision‐making capabilities and provides actionable insights to farmer towards the welfare of animals. With fog‐based computational assistance in the SmartHerd setup, we see an 84% reduction in amount of data transferred to the cloud as compared with the conventional cloud‐based approach.
: Online and Adaptive Machine Learning

Notation The following notations are widely used in this manuscript for the discussion of multiarmed bandit (MAB) game: 1. In a bandits machine, t represents time point t. T represents the total play time. 2. It represent the arm pulled at time t. When n represents the number of arms in a bandit machine, then It ∈ [n] = {1, 2, . , n}. 3. `i,t ∈ [0, 1] represents the lose of pulling arm i at time t. 4. ∆(i, t) = `i,t represents the gap of benefits if the player pull arm i at time t. 5. gi,t = 1− `i,t represents the gain of pulling arm i at time t. 6. 1{It = i} is an indicator function. When It = i (i.e. i-th arm is pulled at time t), 1{It = i} equals to one; otherwise, it equals to zero.
Long-Run Environmental Accounting in the U.S. Economy

This paper estimates an augmented measure of national output inclusive of environmental pollution damage in the United States economy over a 60-year period. The paper reports two primary findings. First, air pollution intensity declined precipitously from the 1950s to the modern era. Air pollution damage comprised roughly 30 percent of output in the post WWII economy, declining to under 10 percent in 2016. Second, accounting for pollution damage significantly affects growth rates. Prior to the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1970, GDP outpaced Environmentally-Adjusted Value Added (EVA), defined as GDP less air pollution damage. Following passage of the Act, EVA grew more rapidly than GDP. Macroeconomic and environmental policies, as well as the business cycle, appreciably affect damages and EVA growth.
Singular Hyperkiihler Quotients

Hyperkihler reduction is an analog of symplectic reduction defined for hyperkihler manifolds with isometric actions of compact groups. When the hyperkihler quotient is non-singular, it inherits a hyperkihler structure. Hyperkihler quotients include many important examples of hyperkihler manifolds. In this paper we study the case of singular quotients. Unfortunately, there is no completely natural definition of a singular hyperkihler manifold at the moment. However, we show that some of the objects associated to a smooth hyperkahler manifold, such as a complex-analytic twistor space, exist for singular hyperkihler quotients as well. Thesis advisor: Professor David Kazhdan.
STEM Students and Faculty Can Gain Entrepreneurial Thinking and Skills

The University of Minnesota MIN-Corps is one of about 100 sites of the National Science Foundation National Innovation Corps (I-Corps) program, which began with great fanfare in 2011 (1). The purpose of I-Corps is to “grow and sustain the national innovation ecosystem” by providing educational programs for scientists and engineers to learn “to identify valuable product opportunities that can emerge from academic research, and gain skills in entrepreneurship through training in customer discovery and guidance from established entrepreneurs” (2). All sites share the Lean LaunchPad curriculum(https://venturewell.org/wpcontent/uploads/Educators-Guide-Nov-2015-Final.pdf) emphasizing customer discovery in conjunction with iterative product design to achieve product-market fit, but customize their offerings to fit the needs of their institutions.
Facial microexpression recognition based on adaptive key frame representation

Abstract. Recognizing microexpression serves as a vital clue for affective estimation. Fast and discriminative feature extraction has always been a critical issue for spontaneous microexpression recognition applications. A microexpression analysis framework is proposed by adaptively key frame extraction and representation. First, to remove redundant information in the microexpression video sequences, the key frame is adaptively selected on the criteria of structural similarity index between different face images, Second, robust principal component analysis is applied to obtain the sparse information in the key frame, which not only retains the expression attributes of the microexpression sequence, but also eliminates useless interference. Furthermore, we construct dual-cross patterns to get the final microexpressions representation for classification. Repeated comparison experiments were performed on the SMIC and CASME2 databases to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method gets higher recognition rates and achieves promising performance, compared with the traditional microexpression recognition.
Impact of types of orthophthalic unsaturated polyester matrix on tensile strength of woven roving fibers as reinforcement

This paper focuses on a unique form of polyester matrix composite with woven roving fibers as reinforcing agent, replacing the conventional E-glass. The impact of different types of orthophthalic unsaturated polyester matrix and their composites on tensile strength of polyester matrix composite with woven roving fiber is investigated. Polyester matrix composite with woven roving fiber reinforcement is made by hand lay-up technique, where different types of orthophthalic unsaturated polyester matrices available in the market are used. The mechanical properties of the developed material are tested using universal testing machine, which investigated tensile strength. The BYK A-555 (coded 555) orthophthalic unsaturated polyester matrix showed 30% greater tensile strength and required least curing time as compared to other matrices, including Mc Laren S3133 (coded 3133), LUPOY-GP5300 (coded GP5300) and HSEA-LF1 (coded LF1). However, the composite of 3133 and 555 shows 50% greater tensile strength as compared to single matrix, and when all orthophthalic unsaturated polyester resins (3133 + 555 + GP5300 + LF1) are mixed together, their composite show 70% greater tensile as compared to single unsaturated polyester matrix.
What Young Adults Want: A Multistudy Examination of Vocational Anticipatory Socialization Through the Lens of Students’ Desired Managerial Communication Behaviors

Without experience or in the face of limited work experience, refined expectations for what it means to work or what to expect in terms of communicative role behaviors from a manager may largely be composed of desires. Therein lies the tension; if young adults are unable or unwilling to see work processes and managerial behavior the way that they are, they may reorient their attention from realistic expectations to a focus on their individual desires and preferences. Through a sequential-explanatory mixed-method design (focus groups and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), prominent managerial archetypes are explored, categorized, and validated. The archetypes are composed of sets of corresponding communicative and relational behaviors that encompass common approaches to managing. Conversation regarding the overlap and divergence of desires with actual manager communication behaviors may better prepare matriculating students as they transition into the workplace.
Dynamic infinity‐norm constrained control allocation for attitude tracking control of overactuated combined spacecraft

In this study, a dynamic L ∞ (infinity-norm) constrained control allocation scheme is designed for attitude tracking control of combined spacecraft with inertia uncertainties and external disturbances. A disturbance-observer-based constrained backstepping control law is developed to generate the control command signals considering non-symmetric constraints on control input, where the lumped disturbance containing inertia uncertainties and external disturbances is compensated by the output of stable non-linear disturbance observer. The control scheme can guarantee that the attitude and angular velocity tracking error converge to small neighbourhood of zero by appropriately tuning the control parameters. With the consideration of physical amplitude and rate constraints on actuators, the dynamic L ∞ constrained control allocation problem is solved by linear programming technique. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed disturbance-observer-based constrained backstepping control method and the dynamic L ∞ constrained control allocation algorithm.
The rise of an indefinite article in Polish : an appraisal of its grammaticalisation stage (part 2)

The main aim of the reported study is to establish the stage of grammaticalisation of the indefinite article in Polish by contributing the results of a corpus study. We selected and analysed 20,000 sentences containing the word jeden. The obtained results demonstrate that the uses of jeden as a presentative marker and a specific marker have been both attested, which would suggest that Polish numeral has already reached the specific marker stage. Based on the statistical analysis carried out for the obtained results, a statistically significant increase in the use of jeden as an indefinite marker has been revealed. This may be interpreted as evidence for the grammaticalisation phenomena, enhanced by language contacts with article-possessing languages (English and German).
A secure multi-frequency resonator for printable chipless RFID tag based on multifractal planar geometry

ABSTRACT In this paper, we are presenting a secure, compact and directly printable resonator for chipless RFID tag based on multifractal planar shape. The multifractal Cantor set shows an interesting performance of the monostatic radar cross section for chipless RFID tag. Unlike the classical RFID tag, where for each frequency a resonator is needed, so the number of resonators increases when the identification range increases, by using the Iterated Function System (IFS) the obtained resonator has many resonant frequencies leading to decreasing the number of resonators in chipless RFID tag. In addition, due to their auto similarities and multiscale resolutions resonant frequencies generated by the multifractal Cantor set are not independents: all resonant frequencies are correlated, so we cannot map a frequency peak to only one resonator, because the resonator itself represents a multi frequencies signature. These lead to a more secure tag, which is a challenge for many growing applications.
THE IMPACT OF PRESIDENTIAL VISITS ON MIDTERM GUBERNATORIAL ELECTIONS

vi LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix INTRODUCTION . 1 EXISTING LITERATURE . 6 THEORETICAL ARGUMENT . 13 DATA AND METHODOLOGY . 18 Data . 18 Methodology . 26 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . 30 Results . 30 Discussion . 38 CONCLUSION . 49 REFERENCES . 53
The Relationship between Working Capital Management and Profitability of Bumiputera-Controlled Companies in Malaysia

This study investigated the relationship between working capital management and profitability of 94 listed Bumiputera-controlled companies in Malaysia for 2006 until 2012. The underlying theory is the trade-off theory of working capital and cash conversion cycle, and its components are used as measures for working capital management. Findings of the panel data regression reveal that inventory conversion period and receivable collection period are significantly negatively correlated to profitability. This suggests that the shorter the period, the higher the profitability of Bumiputera-controlled companies tends to be. However, the cash conversion cycle is significantly and positively correlated to profitability, suggesting that the longer the cash conversion period, the higher the profitability. The payable collection period is not significantly correlated to profitability. The findings of this study assert that in general, Bumiputera-controlled companies are relatively less efficient in its working capital management, as far as the comparison to previous related studies is concerned.
Functional and usage-based approaches to aphasia: the grammatical-lexical distinction and the role of frequency

ABSTRACT Background Functional and usage-based theories of language are gaining increasing influence in linguistics. These theories understand language structure as underpinned by domain-general neurocognitive capacities and as shaped by usage patterns and the function of language as a means for communication. Accordingly, they entail an approach to aphasia which differs markedly from established ones based on formal theories. Aims Based on an outline of central claims in functional and usage-based theories, we aim to show how such theories can cast new light on aphasia. Methods & Procedures We focus on two strands of functional and usage-based aphasiological research: 1) research on frequency effects in aphasic speech, 2) and research on the grammatical-lexical distinction and its significance for the description of aphasic speech and the understanding of the causes of aphasia. We review available studies that fall within the two aforementioned strands of research, assessing their strengths and limitations. Outcomes & Results Usage-based methodologies are currently being developed that allow for fast quantification of the degree of formulaicity of a language sample and may thus be helpful in ascertaining the role of fossilized multiword expressions in aphasia. In line with central claims in usage-based linguistics, the first results of studies employing these methodologies have shown that frequency and collocation strength facilitate the retrieval of multiword expressions in a way that resembles the way in which lexical frequency facilitate retrieval of isolated words. A recent functional and usage-based theory understands the grammatical-lexicon distinction as a means for prioritizing parts of complex linguistic messages. Defining grammatical items as items that are discursively secondary (background) and dependent on host items, this theory entails an account of grammatical deficits which bridges the gap between existing structure-oriented and processing-oriented accounts. The theory entails word-class general criteria that allow fine-grained classification of linguistic items as grammatical or lexical. Cross-linguistic studies of verb, pronoun and preposition production show that this classification is significant for the description of aphasic language. Conclusions Functional and usage-based studies of aphasia are still sparse, but show promising results. This approach seems especially qualified for understanding 1) the neurocognitive causes of various types of aphasia, 2) the variability across languages, communicative settings (including tasks and modalities), groups of individuals and individuals, which is characteristic of aphasic speech, and 3) the link between aphasia symptoms and the basic need and challenge for people with aphasia: to remain a social being by communicating with other social beings.
Stacked Generalization for Topic Classification of Spoken Inquiries (音声言語情報処理(SLP) Vol.2011-SLP-85)

Stacked generalization is a method that allows to combine outputs of multiple classiﬁers using a second-level classiﬁcation, minimizing the generalization error of ﬁrst-level classiﬁers and achieving greater predictive accuracy. In a previous work, we compared the performance of diﬀerent methods in the classi-ﬁcation in topics of spoken inquiries in Japanese received by a guidance system, where support vector machines and maximum entropy presented the best performances. In the present work, we employ a stacked generalization scheme that uses predictions of support vector machines and maximum entropy classiﬁers as input for a second-level classiﬁcation using linear support vector machines. Experimental results show an improvement in the performance from 94.2% to 94.8% in the classiﬁcation of automatic speech recognition results from adults and from 88.3% to 89.1% for children, when using stacked generalization in comparison to the individual performance of the methods.