Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A First Look at the Effect of Deep Learning in Coverage-guided Fuzzing

Fuzzing has been a widely-used technique for discovering software vulnerabilities. Many existing fuzzers leverage coverage-feedback to evolve seeds to maximize (optimize) program branch coverage. Recently, some techniques propose to train deep learning models to predict the branch coverage of an arbitrary input. Those techniques have proved their success in improving coverage and discovering bugs under different experimental settings. However, deep learning models, usually as a black magic box, are notoriously lack of explanation. Moreover, their performance can be sensitive to the collected runtime coverage information for training, indicating potentially unstable performance. To this end, in this work we conduct a systematic and extensive empirical study on 4 types of deep learning models across 6 projects to reproduce the actual performance of deep learning fuzzers, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of deep learning in the process of fuzzing applications, and explore the future direction of the combination of the two. Our empirical results reveal that the deep learning models can only be effective in very limited scenarios, which is largely restrained by training data imbalance, dependant labels, model over-generalization, and the insufficient expressiveness of the state-of-the-art models. Consequently, the estimated gradients by the models to cover a branch can be less helpful in many scenarios.
Virtual Epileptic Patient (VEP): Data-driven probabilistic personalized brain modeling in drug-resistant epilepsy

One-third of 50 million epilepsy patients worldwide suffer from drug resistant epilepsy and are candidates for surgery. Precise estimates of the epileptogenic zone networks (EZNs) are crucial for planning intervention strategies. Here, we present the Virtual Epileptic Patient (VEP), a multimodal probabilistic modeling framework for personalized end-to-end analysis of brain imaging data of drug resistant epilepsy patients. The VEP uses data-driven, personalized virtual brain models derived from patient-specific anatomical (such as T1-MRI, DW-MRI, and CT scan) and functional data (such as stereo-EEG). It employs Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and optimization methods from Bayesian inference to estimate a patient&'s EZN while considering robustness, convergence, sensor sensitivity, and identifiability diagnostics. We describe both high-resolution neural field simulations and a low-resolution neural mass model inversion. The VEP workflow was evaluated retrospectively with 53 epilepsy patients and is now being used in an ongoing clinical trial (EPINOV).
Evolutionary-Guided Synthesis of Verified Pareto-Optimal MDP Policies

We present a new approach for synthesising Paretooptimal Markov decision process (MDP) policies that satisfy complex combinations of quality-of-service (QoS) software requirements. These policies correspond to optimal designs or configurations of software systems, and are obtained by translating MDP models of these systems into parametric Markov chains, and using multi-objective genetic algorithms to synthesise Pareto-optimal parameter values that define the required MDP policies. We use case studies from the service-based systems and robotic control software domains to show that our MDP policy synthesis approach can handle a wide range of QoS requirement combinations unsupported by current probabilistic model checkers. Moreover, for requirement combinations supported by these model checkers, our approach generates better Pareto-optimal policy sets according to established quality metrics.
Application of ETAP Software on Assessment of Power Consumers' Harmonic Influences

In order to avoid more harmonic pollution to power network,new or extended harmonic customers need power quality influences assessment before they are connected to public power network,so that harmonic treatment design can be synchronous with power supply design.Characteristics and Functions of ETAP software and its application on assessing harmonic influences of customers are introduced.Practice show that users can get exact analysis both quantitatively and qualitatively by using ETAP's harmonic power flow analysis and frequency sweep,and the calculation results are basically consistent with theory analysis and practical tests.ETAP is a powerful harmonic analysis tool and can assist and promote positively the prevention and elimination of power network harmonics.
Measurement and Analysis of Focus Dispersion in Infrared Compound-Eye Lens Array

Machining error and material stress are the main causes of focal length difference and mirror distortion of each sub-structure for the compound-eye lens array, which will cause each sub-aperture to defocus and increase the actual measurement error. In view of the difficulty in measuring the consistency of the axial focus position of large-scale infrared compound-eye lens array with a sub-aperture of millimeters, this paper proposes a measurement method based on the focal plane coupling parameter transmission in the optical system, and establishes an experimental measurement system for multi-aperture focal length consistency. The sharpness fixed focus method is used for the sampling precision measurement of the sub-aperture focal position consistency in an infrared compound-eye lens array. The measurement results show that the measured focal position range and the standard deviation of focal position are 21.0 μ$m$ and 6.26 μm, respectively. The measurement method for the multi-aperture focal position consistency proposed in this paper provides a quantitative evaluation method for the optical performance of the infrared compound-eye lens array.
The Overall Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Based on GIS and PPC

This paper evaluates heavy metal pollution of soil using Projection Pursuit Classification(PPC) model,during which the projection direction is optimized using real number coding based accelerating genetic algorithm(RAGA). The various indexes of the result of the evaluation based on PPC model are compatible,and the evaluation avoids the artificial interference which the conventional weighted evaluation cannot avoid.The results of the evaluation are studied in order to express the evaluation results directly and master the pollution status of the evaluated area.Based on Huizhou city soil monitor data,evaluation result processing using GIS technique and ArcMap spatial value insertion function is put forward.The result of the experiment shows that PPC model can evaluate soil heavy metal pollution accurately and at the same time applying GIS technique in the evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution can perform various spatial treatment to evaluating data.
How is Digitalization Legitimised in Government Welfare Policies? An Objectives-Oriented Approach

: Digitalization is associated with structural changes in society, and a variety of policies on the topic have emerged on different levels of government (EU, national, regional, local) in recent years. Research suggests that government policies on digitalization are often overly optimistic about the transformational effects of technology. Hence, there is a need to scrutinise such policies. The purpose of this paper is to examine how objectives are expressed in digitalization policies in the welfare sector. To do so, an objectives-oriented approach is utilised to analyse four Swedish welfare policies. A directed content analysis was conducted using a theoretical framework based on five types of objectives from decision theory. The results reveal that common objectives in the policies studied were to change the status quo or use the people involved (citizens and healthcare staff) as a point of departure. At times, the policies combine goals of increased efficiency and better care, with a discourse that makes digitalization resemble a strategic goal (in itself). Moreover, few alternatives to digitalization presented in the material studied. Hence, although a range of actors is presumed to be part of changing the status quo, the results suggest that these actors have little choice due to a lack of alternatives to the prescribed path towards a digital welfare society. The results of this research have implications for both theory and practice. The absence of alternatives ought to be considered in future policy making. An interesting area for further research is to investigate how these policies are enacted in practice.
Stimulatory MAIT cell antigens reach the circulation and are efficiently metabolised and presented by human liver cells

Objective Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are the most abundant T cells in human liver. They respond to bacterial metabolites presented by major histocompatibility complex-like molecule MR1. MAIT cells exert regulatory and antimicrobial functions and are implicated in liver fibrogenesis. It is not well understood which liver cells function as antigen (Ag)-presenting cells for MAIT cells, and under which conditions stimulatory Ags reach the circulation. Design We used different types of primary human liver cells in Ag-presentation assays to blood-derived and liver-derived MAIT cells. We assessed MAIT cell stimulatory potential of serum from healthy subjects and patients with portal hypertension undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent, and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Results MAIT cells were dispersed throughout healthy human liver and all tested liver cell types stimulated MAIT cells, hepatocytes being most efficient. MAIT cell activation by liver cells occurred in response to bacterial lysate and pure Ag, and was prevented by non-activating MR1 ligands. Serum derived from peripheral and portal blood, and from patients with IBD stimulated MAIT cells in MR1-dependent manner. Conclusion Our findings reveal previously unrecognised roles of liver cells in Ag metabolism and activation of MAIT cells, repression of which creates an opportunity to design antifibrotic therapies. The presence of MAIT cell stimulatory Ags in serum rationalises the observed activated MAIT cell phenotype in liver. Increased serum levels of gut-derived MAIT cell stimulatory ligands in patients with impaired intestinal barrier function indicate that intrahepatic Ag-presentation may represent an important step in the development of liver disease.
Integrated Public Service Co-Creation: Objectives, Methods and Pilots of inGov project

: An increasing number of Public Authorities (PAs) provide or plan to provide electronic public services in an integrated way according to end-users needs. Integrated Public Services (IPS) have been studied in the academic literature however guidelines and roadmaps for PAs are still missing despite relevant European Union efforts, such as the European Interoperability Framework. At the same time, service co-creation is attracting considerable attention. In this paper we outline the aims, methods and pilots of the inGov project. inGov is a 3-year project funded by the European Union under the Horizon 2020 research programme. inGov project aims to merge work on IPS and public service co-creation along with new technologies, particularly mobile and chatbots. The project results will be deployed and evaluated by PAs in four EU Member States.
General Self-Efficacy and Employability Among Financially Underprivileged Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Achievement Motivation and Career Aspirations

Although previous research shows that general self-efficacy is related to employability, the mechanism of them is unclear. Thus, this study aims to explore the relationship between general self-efficacy and employability, examines the mediating role of achievement motivation and career aspirations among financially underprivileged college students in China. The analysis of 651 participants (59% female, 41% male) from six provinces indicates that general self-efficacy positively predicts employability through the mediating chain of achievement motivation and career aspirations. Based on these findings, the researchers propose feasible suggestions for related issues of financially underprivileged college students and future research.
Blind processing method for frequency hopping signals based on Winger-Ville rearrangement and stationary wavelet

A method combining rearranged smoothing pseudo Winger-Ville distribution(RSPWVD) with discrete stationary wavelet transform(DSWT) was developed to meet the requirements of blind processing for frequency hopping(FH) signals under low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR). The translation invariance of DSWT was used, and time-frequency concentration property and cross-term suppression were rearranged,which improved the anti-jamming ability of white Gaussian noise.Simulation results show that the method can implement blind extraction for the FH signals even SNR is under-6 dB,which provides a new idea in blind processing for FH signals.
SOURCE PARAMETERS OF THE APRIL, 16, 2013, SARAVAN IRAN GREAT EARTHQUAKE USING SPECTRA OF P AND S WAVES

On 16th April 2013 at 10:44 AM UTC, a great earthquake struck the Saravan region in South eastern Iran. The Mw was assessed to be 7.8 and a depth of 63km was assigned by IIEES. According to the deep depth of this event, this event can be associated with subduction of oceanic lithosphere of Arabian plate beneath the Makran ranges. Saravan earthquake was recorded at stations of Iranian National Broad-Band Seismic Network (INSN). In this study we determined source parameters of Saravan earthquake include seismic moment, corner frequency, source radius and stress drop using displacement spectra of P and S waves observed at 16 stations of INSN. The spectra of the records were corrected for attenuation then source parameters retrieved by fitting a Brune’s point source model. The average stress drops obtained here for P and S waves are 131 and 149 bars respectively. The larger average values of stress drop estimated for Saravan earthquake in comparison with median stress drop values obtained from previous studies for other regions of Iran can be related to different tectonic setting of the region. INTRODUCTION At 10:44 UTC (15:14 local time), April 16, 2013, an earthquake struck the Saravan region in South eastern Iran. The Mw was assessed to be 7.8 and a depth of 63km was assigned by IIEES. The focal mechanism is found to be mostly extension faulting and the fault trend is evidently ENE-WSW The earthquake had reportedly 41 victims and more than 180 injured people. One of the victims was reported from Iran (in the village of Ghader abad of the city of Khash) and the 40 others were reported from Pakistan. According to the deep depth of this event, this event can be associated with subduction of oceanic lithosphere of Arabian plate beneath the Makran ranges (Zare et al, 2013). Makran is part of the coastal territory of Iran and Pakistan and stretches for ~1000 km from the Strait of Hormoz, in the south of Iran, to near Karachi in Pakistan (Fig. 1) (Shah-hosseini et al, 2011). The Makran subduction zone is unusual in several respects: the eastern and western halves of Makran exhibit very different patterns of seismicity, have historic records with and apparently without great events, respectively, and both segments are the site of one of the world's largest forearc region (Byrne et al, 1992). The seismicity associated with the Makran is low compared to other subduction zones, and there is no well-developed Benioff zone apparent (Musson , 2009). Seismicity of the region from 1905 to 2015 is shown in Fig. 2.
Repeated metal ion measurements and long-term outcome of Durom/MMC total hip arthroplasty

Background and purpose Data regarding long-term behavior of metal ion levels in metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (MoM THA) patients is scarce. Therefore, we assessed whether there is any change in whole blood (WB) chromium (Cr), and cobalt (Co) ion measurements in Durom and MMC MoM THA patients over time. The secondary aim was to report the clinical outcomes using these devices in a single district. Patients and methods Durom and MMC cups were used in 249 MoM THAs from 2005 to 2011 in our district. Median follow-up time was 12 years for Durom THA (interquartile range [IQR] = 3) and 9 years for MMC THA (IQR = 1). A random coefficient model was used to compare individual differences in repeated WB Cr and Co ion measurements. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to analyze implant survival with any reason for revision as the endpoint. Results Geometric means of Cr in Durom THA and MMC THA patients decreased from 2.2 ppb (geometric standard deviation [SD] = 1.9) to 1.5 ppb (geometric SD = 2.5, p < 0.001) and from 1.8 ppb (geometric SD = 1.8) to 1.1 ppb (geometric SD = 2.8, p = 0.01) respectively. The geometric means of Co values remained unchanged. The 10-year survival of Durom THA was 82%, and that of MMC THA 89% for any revision reason as endpoint. Interpretation WB Cr levels decreased over time, and Co levels remained unchanged at long-term follow-up. Despite this we recommend continuing the follow-up of these devices due to relatively low implant survival.
Statistical Powers of Univariate Normality Tests: Comparative Analysis of 2016 Election Process in Uganda

The study conducted an empirical comparison of powers of the univariate normality tests using real data for consistency with simulated data. The main objective was to compare the empirical power of the normality tests using natural data for consistency. Six normality tests were selected from the Empirical Distribution Function (EDF), the Correlation and Regression family of normality tests and moment-based normality tests were considered in this study. From the EDF family of normality tests, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (Lilliefors correction) and Anderson-Darling normality tests were chosen. From the regression and correlation family of distributions, Shapiro-Wilk and Shapiro-Francia normality tests were chosen. Jaque-Bera and D’Agostino Pearson normality tests were chosen from the moment family of normality tests. The data adopted in this study comprised of the 2016 Uganda election results as cited by Solomon (2016). The analysis was done using a combination of different statistical packages (EXCEL, R and STATA). The data was gathered from the Uganda Electoral Commission website and cleaned using EXCEL package. After the data cleaning process, the data analysis was done using a combination of R (S-plus programing). The analysis involved writing computer programs that tested the data for normality of the different normality tests specified in the study. All the graphical visualizations were done in STATA. The results of the analysis indicate that S-W produced the most powerful results, followed by S-F, D-A, K-S, J-B and lastly A-D. The data thus indicates that the moment-based tests results are better than the EDF-based tests due to huge kurtosis and skewness statistics in the data. The study thus recommends that it is vital to deal with outliers before carrying out any further statistical tests, and the moment-based tests should be applied in the instances where the data is known to have instances of kurtosis and skewness. Received: 18 Dec 2021.
Developing Protective Limiters for a Hydro Power Controller in Modelica

In recent years the operation of electrical power plants has become more and more challenging due to a more dynamic operation pattern in order to keep the voltage quality within the limits of what the electrical network regulators allow. This is due to the ever increasing amount of unregulated renewable energy (e.g., wind, solar, tidal power). There is a need for better tools that allow for a better and more accurate simulation of the operation of a electrical power plant. This paper presents the development of protective limiters as used in a typical hydro power controller. The limiters have been implemented using the Modelica language (Modelica Association 2017) and are according to the IEEE Std 421.5-201 (IEEE 2016). Having the limiters available in Modelica makes it possible to integrate them with hydro power system models build with the use of OpenHPL (TMCC 2019). The behaviour of the limiters have been tested against a verified generator model of the OpenIPSL (ALSETLab et al. 2018) comparing the theoretical behaviour.
Analysis of ferromagnetic resonance between transformer and shunt capacitor

Under transformer no-load or light load operation, shunt capacitor banks and transformer core coil may cause the ferromagnetic resonance because of line breaks or circuit breaker asynchronous closing and then overvoltage is generated. Taking single-phase disconnection fault occurred in the power system for example, this paper derives resonance condition expression between the gird voltage and shunt capacitor capacitance. When ferromagnetic resonance is occurred, the mechanism and characteristics of ferromagnetic resonance generated by shunt capacitors and transformers are elaborated through analyzing the volt-ampere characteristic between shunt capacitor bank and transformer core coil, and specific measures that can effectively suppress the occurrence of ferromagnetic resonance are presented. Simulation results verify that the theoretical analysis and suppression method is correct.
Nutritional Evaluation of Moringa oleifera Leaves and the Effect of Its Bio-fortification with Animal Feed on Physical Changes and Organ Weights in Male Albino Rats

The current research investigated the nutritional value of the Moringa oleifera leaves Four diets, different in their composition were used on sixteen male albino rats (n=4). Commercial vitamins and minerals premix (75.0 g) were used solely in diet 1; diet 2 contained 37.5 g of the vitamin-mineral premix and 37.5 g MOL. Diet 3 contained 19.0 g of vitamin-mineral premix and 56.0 g of MOL. Diet 4 contained only MOL (75.0 g) as the sole source of vitamins and minerals. Diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 were provided for groups A (control), B, C and D respectively. Nutritional evaluation of the Moringa oleifera leaves contained protein (28.23±0.02%), dry matter (25.56±05%), Calcium (723.01 ±0.11 mg), Magnesium (677.28±0.00 mg) and Zinc (214.51±0.02 mg). Concerning the respective diets on feed consumption, bodyweight gain and growth performance, results showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in dose-dependent manners compared with control (A). Groups C and D showed a significant decrease (p > 0.05) in the efficiency of feed conversion when compared to control. The organs of all the test groups showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in weight compared to control. Conclusively, the study suggests the use of MOL may be needful only as a supplement, condiment or ingredient to enrich diets with essential vitamins and minerals but not for growth or bodyweight gain.