Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regression-based Monte Carlo methods with optimal control variates

In der vorliegenden Dissertation werden regressionsbasierte Monte-Carlo-Verfahren fur diskretisierte Diffusionsprozesse vorgestellt. Diese Verfahren beinhalten die Konstruktion von geeigneten Kontrollvariaten, die zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der Varianz fuhren. Dadurch kann die Komplexitat des Standard-Monte-Carlo-Ansatzes (epsilon^{-3} fur Schemen erster Ordnung und epsilon^{-2.5} fur Schemen zweiter Ordnung) im besten Fall reduziert werden auf eine Ordnung von epsilon^{-2+delta} fur ein beliebiges delta aus [0,0.25), wobei epsilon die zu erzielende Genauigkeit bezeichnet. In der Komplexitatsanalyse werden sowohl die Fehler, die auch beim Standard-Monte-Carlo-Ansatz auftreten (Diskretisierungs- und statistischer Fehler), als auch die aus der Schatzung bedingter Erwartungswerte mittels Regression resultierenden Fehler berucksichtigt. Daruber hinaus werden verschiedene Algorithmen hergeleitet, die zwar zu einer ahnlichen theoretischen Komplexitat fuhren, jedoch numerisch gesehen bei der Regressionsschatzung unterschiedlich stabil und genau sind. Die Effektivitat dieser Algorithmen wird anhand von numerischen Beispielen veranschaulicht und mit anderen bekannten Methoden verglichen. Zudem werden geeignete Kontrollvariaten fur die Bewertung von Bermuda-Optionen sowie amerikanischen Optionen basierend auf einer dualen Monte-Carlo-Methode hergeleitet. Auch hierbei ergibt sich eine signifikante Komplexitatsreduktion, sofern die zugrunde liegenden Funktionen gewisse Glattheitsannahmen erfullen.
Study burden, academic stress and mental health among high school students in Vietnam

Pressure on children to succeed in high schools is a serious problem in Asian societies. The focus of this study in three provinces of Vietnam was to identify the thresholds at which supplementary study has positive or negative effects on mental health and academic achievement. The findings contribute evidence for parents, teachers and young people about optimal levels of supplementary study (2–3 hours per day) and the most beneficial mode (self-study versus cram classes and private tutors). The work will be used to inform policy makers about strategies to minimize harmful effects of study burden for high school students.
Identity, glass borders and globally mobile female talent

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the interplay between identity and global mobility in the careers of senior, female talent, uniquely taking into account the perceptions of both female and male participants. In addition, the role organisations can play in enabling women to overcome these identity constraints is identified. Design/methodology/approach This interpretivist study draws on data from 38 in-depth interviews with senior managers in a large, multinational organisation to elicit a rich picture of how such careers are enacted. Findings Findings reveal how identity conflicts function as a glass border for globally mobile, senior female talent. Ways in which talent can access positive identity narratives to inform global mobility choices are identified. Research limitations/implications The limitations of this study include the relatively small sample size and the single case design of this research. The findings, however, offer insights into the identity work of globally mobile, female talent across different contexts. Practical implications Organisations can facilitate access to identity narratives through mentoring, face-to-face forums and via the internet to enable globally mobile, female talent to make more informed global mobility choices. Originality/value Drawing on identity theory, this paper examines how identity work for globally mobile, female talent has more fluid interpersonal boundaries than for men, creating on-going identity struggles. In highlighting how identity narratives can act as a means of breaching the glass border and facilitating global mobility for female talent, a contribution is made to existing debates in the fields of identity, gender studies and global talent management.
NEANDERTAL MANDIBULAR MOLARS FROM HORTUS CAVE, FRANCE: A COMPARISON OF CROWN SHAPES USING ELLIPTICAL FOURIER ANALYSIS

Neandertal permanent mandibular molars are well represented at Hortus Cave, France, Sub-Phase IVb and Vb, providing an opportunity to assess intrapopulation and intersite shape variation. We expected the mandibular molars from Hortus cave, comprising Hortus II, Hortus IV, Hortus V and Hortus VI to cluster together, compared to Neandertals close in proximity, such as Malarnaud and La Quina 5 as well as those more distantly located such as Arcysur-Cure 1, Engis 2 and Scladina 4A-1. A single Neolithic cave burial from Maurenne Caverne de la Cave, Belgium (n = 11) is used to contextualize the degree of variation in the Hortus assemblage. From photographic images of the permanent molars, crown shapes were digitized and binarized. The resulting images were processed in R using elliptical Fourier analysis and the resulting amplitudes of the harmonics were subjected to principal components analysis and hierarchical clustering. Hortus II and Hortus V, both from Sub-Phase Vb, are relatively similar to one another in M1 crown shape, and are secondarily grouped with Hortus IV from Sub-Phase IVb. Maurenne Caverne de la Cave has a larger degree of variation in crown shape than the Hortus assemblage, and the Neandertals imperfectly cluster together and apart from the Neolithic sample for some multivariate comparisons. Variance in Neandertal molar crown shape can be primarily explained as the result of chronology. Hortus consistently groups with other MIS 3 Neandertals such as La Quina 5 and Engis 2, while those from MIS 5, represented by Scladina 4A-1 and Malarnaud are distinct as is Arcy-sur-Cure 1 from late MIS 3. Across the molars, the Hortus assemblage is most similar to La Quina 5 from Charente, Southwest France.
Structural Properties Dependence on Annealing Temperature of 1-D Lanthanum Iron Garnet Nanofiber Prepared via Electrospinning Technique

The effect of anealing temperature on structural properties of Lanthanum Iron Garnet (LIG) nanofiber has been studied. The LIG nanofiber were prepared by electrospinning technique. This technique has been extensively developed as a simple and efficient method for drawing nanofibers from polymer solutions. The viscous LIG solution were loaded in syringe and were pumped at 0.05 mL/h. The nanofibers were collected on aluminium foil and were treated at 700 °C, 750 °C and 1000 °C in order to study the effect of annealing temperature to the nanofibers structure. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) were employed to study the phase formation and morphology of the samples. The XRD results of LIG nanofiber reveals that as the annealing temperature increases from 700 °C to 1000 °C, the corresponding peaks become sharper and narrower, which demonstrate the improvement of crystallinity and crystallite size. The FESEM images of LIG nanofiber demonstrates that the nanofibers treated at 700 °C have continuous structure with a relatively rough surface and their diameter range is within 41.3 nm and 58.7 nm. Subsequently, when the calcination temperature increase further, the morphology of the sample is dramatically changed. As calcinations temperature rises to 750 °C, the surface of resultant nanofibers start to become agglomerate due to the growth and coalescence of the particle in the nanofibers under the calcination process and the nanofibers structure change back to continuous structure with bigger diameter at 1000 °C as compared to calcination temperature of 700 °C.
The characteristics and roles of rural health clinics in the United States: A chartbook

for their assistance in developing the initial survey instrument. We would also like to acknowledge the work of Al Leighton, Director, and the staff of the Survey Research Center at the Muskie School for their work in conducting the survey upon which this chartbook is based. We would like to acknowledge Julie Motherwell of Graphic Communications for her work in developing the layout and design of this chartbook. Finally, we would like to thank and acknowledge the administrators and providers of the Rural Health Clinics who took the time to complete this survey. Overview P ublic Law 95-210, the Rural Health Clinic Services Act, was passed by Congress in December 1977 in an effort to increase the availability and accessibility of primary care services for residents of rural communities. The Act provided for cost-based Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement to qualified Rural Health Clinics for a defined set of core services and expanded Medicare and Medicaid coverage for services provided by nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs), even when delivered at a clinic in the absence of a physician. Subsequent amendments to the act added certified nurse midwives (CNMs), clinical psychologists, and clinical social workers to the list of core providers whose services are eligible for cost-based reimbursement. To be eligible for participation in the Rural Health Clinics program, a facility has to apply for and become certified as a Rural Health Clinic (RHC). To qualify for certification, a facility must be located in an area defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as nonurbanized (e.g., an area with a population of less than 50,000) and designated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services as having a shortage of personal health care services or primary care medical services. In addition, facilities must meet relevant requirements involving physical plant, personnel credentials and staffing, licensure, governing policies, medical services, and referral arrangements before it can be certified for participation in the program. Under the original terms of the Rural Health Clinic Services Act, a clinic that was successfully certified as an RHC maintained its certification as an RHC regardless of changes to the rural status or shortage area designation of the area in which it is located. This " grandfathering " provision was designed to protect the status of clinics whose presence in an area could jeopardize its shortage area designation. Although the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 contained provisions to …
A Circular Beam-Steering Antenna With Parasitic Water Reflectors

In this letter, a salty water antenna with beam-steering characteristics is proposed. The antenna combines the idea of the electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna and the water antenna to realize a 360° beam steering. The unique features of water antennas, such as transparency, reconfigurability, and liquidity, are fully utilized. Both the computer simulations and measurements are conducted to validate the performance. The proposed design has a frequency range from 334 to 488 MHz (S11 < −10 dB), high radiation efficiency (>60%), 13 different working states, and a maximum gain of 5.8 dB. Compared with existing pattern-reconfigurable liquid antennas, this new antenna has a wider bandwidth, more working states, and better invisible ability. It is, therefore, a promising candidate for a range of very high-frequency or ultrahigh-frequency applications, such as Internet of Things and maritime applications.
Effects of Increasing Soybean Meal and Valine:Lysine and Tryptophan:Lysine Ratios on Finishing Pig Performance

Abstract A total of 621 pigs (DNA 241 × 600; initially 138.0 ± 5.5 lb) were used in a 65-d growth trial to determine the effect of increasing soybean meal (SBM) and Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios on finishing pig performance. Experimental diets were corn-soybean meal-DDGS-based and fed in 3 phases. The 6 dietary treatments were arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial with main effects of SBM level (low, medium, high) and Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios (standard and high). The additional amino acids (AA) provided by increasing levels of SBM in diets with standard AA ratios were expected to result in a higher ADG by balancing out the high leucine from corn. Conversely, ADG was expected to stay the same as SBM increased when the Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios in the feed were increased. Pens of pigs were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with BW as a blocking factor. There were approximately 8 or 9 pigs per pen and 12 replicate pens per treatment. No evidence (P > 0.05) of SBM × AA ratio interactions or treatment differences were observed for any response criteria for phases 1 and 2 of the study. In phase 3, a marginally significant (P = 0.084) SBM × AA ratio interaction was observed for ADG. The medium level of SBM with standard Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios resulted in greater (quadratic, P = 0.003) ADG compared to other SBM levels. No differences in ADG were observed with increasing SBM when Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios were increased (P = 0.501). Additionally, F/G improved (quadratic, P = 0.007) at the medium level of SBM in phase 3. In spite of the improvement observed in phase 3, there were no significant differences (P > 0.10) observed in overall ADG or ADFI. A marginally significant (P = 0.052) SBM × AA ratio interaction was observed for overall F/G. Increasing SBM in diets with greater Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios resulted in poorer (P = 0.049) F/G. There was no difference (P = 0.435) in F/G observed with increasing SBM in feeds with standard Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios. In conclusion, in early finishing there were no responses to increasing SBM; however, in the late finishing period when diets included 0, 4, or 8% SBM, pigs fed 4% SBM diets with standard BCAA ratios had improved ADG and F/G. Throughout the study, increasing Val:Lys and Trp:Lys ratios had little effect on pig performance.
Drugs Combinations in the Treatment of Obesity

Obesity is a chronic disease associated with excess morbidity and mortality. Clinical treatment, however, currently offers disappointing results, with very high rates of weight loss failure or weight regain cycles, and only two drugs (orlistat and sibutramine) approved for long-term use. Drugs combinations can be an option for its treatment but, although widely used in clinical practice, very few data are available in literature for its validation. Our review focuses on the rationale for their use, with advantages and disadvantages; on combinations often used, with or without studies; and on new perspectives of combinations being studied mainly by the pharmaceutical industry.
Distant Supervised Relation Extraction with Cost-Sensitive Loss

: Recently, many researchers have concentrated on distant supervision relation extraction (DSRE). DSRE has solved the problem of the lack of data for supervised learning, however, the data automatically labeled by DSRE has a serious problem, which is class imbalance. The data from the majority class obviously dominates the dataset, in this case, most neural network classifiers will have a strong bias towards the majority class, so they cannot correctly classify the minority class. Studies have shown that the degree of separability between classes greatly determines the performance of imbalanced data. Therefore, in this paper we propose a novel model, which combines class-to-class separability and cost-sensitive learning to adjust the maximum reachable cost of misclassification, thus improving the performance of imbalanced data sets under distant supervision. Experiments have shown that our method is more effective for DSRE than baseline methods.
Characterization of organic and perovskite solar cells by impedance spectroscopy

Impedance Spectroscopy (IS) is a non-destructive characterization technique that has been extensively applied to different electronic devices, such as LEDs, photodiodes and solar cells. This technique provides access to valuable information about dynamical mechanisms (minority carrier recombination, diffusion, etc.) taking place in the different layers of the device. Besides, material and device parameters, such as dielectric constant, built-in potential, and carrier mobilities can be extracted. Impedance spectra results from applying a small AC signal over a steady DC bias and measuring the resulting small AC current over a frequency range, typically from 1 Hz to 1 MHz, 𝑍(jω) = VAC/1AC. The Nyquist plot of the complex impedance (imaginary part vs real part) generally presents one or more features (mainly semicircles), depending on the number of mechanisms governing the device. Fitting an electrical equivalent circuit to the complete impedance spectra provides parameters related to each feature (resistance and capacitance). In this work, IS has been used to characterize organic and perovskite solar cells (OSCs and PSCs, respectively). Measurements have been performed in dark and under illumination conditions at different bias (from 0 V to VOC). A simple circuital model containing two resistances and two capacitances has been used to fit the measured IS spectra. The interpretation of extracted circuital parameters and its relationship with the physical model of the device will be discussed.
Atmospheric observations made at Oliktok Point, Alaska, as part of the Profiling at Oliktok Point to Enhance YOPP Experiments (POPEYE) campaign

Abstract. Between 1 July and 30 September 2018, small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS), tethered balloon systems (TBSs), and additional radiosondes were deployed at Oliktok Point, Alaska, to measure the atmosphere in support of the second special observing period for the Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP). These measurements, collected as part of the Profiling at Oliktok Point to Enhance YOPP Experiments (POPEYE) campaign, targeted quantities related to enhancing our understanding of boundary layer structure, cloud and aerosol properties and surface–atmosphere exchange and providing extra information for model evaluation and improvement work. Over the 3-month campaign, a total of 59 DataHawk2 sUAS flights, 52 TBS flights, and 238 radiosonde launches were completed as part of POPEYE. The data from these coordinated activities provide a comprehensive three-dimensional data set of the atmospheric state (air temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind), surface skin temperature, aerosol properties, and cloud microphysical information over Oliktok Point. These data sets have been checked for quality and submitted to the US Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program data archive (http://www.archive.arm.gov/discovery/, last access: July 2019) and are accessible at no cost by all registered users. The primary dataset DOIs are https://doi.org/10.5439/1418259 (DataHawk2 measurements; Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, 2016), https://doi.org/10.5439/1426242 (TBS measurements; Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, 2017) and https://doi.org/10.5439/1021460 (radiosonde measurements; Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, 2013a).
Medicine in Territorial Arizona

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Do information and communication technologies affect the performance of a supply chain? Pieces of evidence from the Tunisian food sector

This paper examines the impact of the use of information and communications technologies on the overall performance of the supply chain in the Tunisian food sector. The information and communication technologies (ICTs) considered for this research are: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Transport Management System (TMS), Warehouse Management System (WMS) and Radio-frequency Identification (RFID). From a large sample survey (n= 82) of manufacturing firms operating in Tunisian food sector, results collected by using multiple regression with SPSS statistical software show that only ERP and CRM have a significant impact on the performance of supply chain in the context of Tunisian food sector.
American Evangelicals Today

American Evangelicals Today assesses the contemporary social, religious, and political characteristics of evangelical Protestants today, and it does so in light of (1) whether these characteristics are similar to, or different from, the corresponding characteristics of adherents of other major faith traditions in American religious life, and (2) the extent which these particular characteristics among evangelicals may have changed over the past four decades. In addition, it analyzes the extent which evangelicals are divided today, and it does so within the framework of four potential factors that might shape such divisions -- racial/ethnic differences, generational differences, educational differences, and religious differences. American Evangelicals Today is designed to serve as an accessible, but scholarly, overview of American evangelicals, one that is appealing to all scholars, students, and laity alike. Smidt offers a discussion of the nature of evangelical Protestantism, highlights the particular analytical issues at play when one seeks to determine just who are to be classified as evangelicals, and reveals some of the contradictory findings that can emerge through the use of these different analytical frameworks for defining evangelicals. The volume not only analyzes the current characteristics of evangelicals in light of those exhibited by other religious traditions as well as how evangelicals have changed over time, but it looks toward the future, addressing generational differences and other possible factors for change among evangelical Protestants.
Advanced Nanoporous Material–Based QCM Devices: A New Horizon of Interfacial Mass Sensing Technology

Mass interfacial processes have been considered as one of the crucial factors supporting fundamental research. Due to the low cost and conceptual simplicity, significant advancements have been achieved in the development of methodologies based on piezoelectric devices for in situ determination of mass changes on the surfaces of deposited materials under various conditions. The introduction of nanomaterials for designing sensors and monitoring systems becomes essential to create advanced detection systems for selective sensing of toxic analytes for environmental remediation. The integration of materials with predesignated nanostructures into sensor devices, such as surface acoustic wave (SAW), quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and QCM with dissipation (QCM‐D) monitoring, has led to an immense progress in the sensing applications of toxic target analytes at the nanogram range. Here, an overview is introduced of recent advancement in the fabrication of piezoelectric devices for the interfacial mass sensing of targeted chemical vapors and ions through combination with nanoporous materials including mesoporous materials carbon‐based nanomaterials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), MOF‐derived nanoporous carbons, Prussian blue (PB) and its analogues (PBA), zeolites and related materials. Challenges and future prospect are also summarized by the advanced QCM technique associated with properties of nanostructured materials.