Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Symptoms, functioning, well-being, and general health perceptions of bone marrow transplant recipients

ThE r purpose of t h i s study was to address the need for knowledge about the impact of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on the l i f e of the in d i v i d u a l following discharge from the h o s p i t a l . S p e c i f i c a l l y , symptoms, personal and s o c i a l / r o l e functioning, psychological distress/well-being, and general health perceptions of BMT re c i p i e n t s were described. Furthermore, the re l a t i o n s h i p between these variables and time since BMT, and type of BMT was also explored. P a r t i c i p a n t s from an accessible population of indivi d u a l s who had t h e i r BMT i n one of two western Canadian hospitals completed the BMT Symptom Distress Inventory, the Sickness Impact P r o f i l e , the S o c i a l Adjustment Scale S e l f Report, the C a n t r i l Self-Anchoring Scale, the P r o f i l e of Mood States, and the Demographic Information, I l l n e s s and Treatment History Data C o l l e c t i o n Guide. Symptoms were found to be a s i g n i f i c a n t feature of the postBMT experience with regard to frequency and associated d i s t r e s s . Symptoms that were reported as occurring most frequently and having the greatest degree of associated d i s t r e s s f e l l into the categories of sexuality symptoms, miscellaneous problems, and j o i n t symptoms. Personal functioning appeared to be at a higher l e v e l than that of a comparison group of BMT r e c i p i e n t s , and at a lower l e v e l than that of a comparison group of renal transplant patients. A large percentage of respondents who described t h e i r usual roles as workers for pay, reported a favorable l e v e l of functioning i n t h i s area with approximately 90% of the group presently working. Total mood disturbance and other aspects of psychological distress/well-being were found to be a less f a v o r a b l e f e a t u r e of the post-BMT experi e n c e i n t h i s sample. BMT r e c i p i e n t s r a t e d t h e i r c u r r e n t h e a l t h and l i f e s a t i s f a c t i o n as lower than t h a t o f the average person and b e f o r e they were i l l and r e q u i r e d treatment; however, they showed a t r e n d toward a n t i c i p a t i o n o f a h i g h e r l e v e l o f h e a l t h and l i f e s a t i s f a c t i o n i n
Diurnal regulation of the function of the rat brain glutamate dehydrogenase by acetylation and its dependence on thiamine administration

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is essential for the brain function and highly regulated, according to its role in metabolism of the major excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Here we show a diurnal pattern of the GDH acetylation in rat brain, associated with specific regulation of GDH function. Mornings the acetylation levels of K84 (near the ADP site), K187 (near the active site), and K503 (GTP‐binding) are highly correlated. Evenings the acetylation levels of K187 and K503 decrease, and the correlations disappear. These daily variations in the acetylation adjust the GDH responses to the enzyme regulators. The adjustment is changed when the acetylation of K187 and K503 shows no diurnal variations, as in the rats after a high dose of thiamine. The regulation of GDH function by acetylation is confirmed in a model system, where incubation of the rat brain GDH with acetyl‐CoA changes the enzyme responses to GTP and ADP, decreasing the activity at subsaturating concentrations of substrates. Thus, the GDH acetylation may support cerebral homeostasis, stabilizing the enzyme function during diurnal oscillations of the brain metabolome. Daytime and thiamine interact upon the (de)acetylation of GDH in vitro. Evenings the acetylation of GDH from control animals increases both IC50GTP and EC50ADP. Mornings the acetylation of GDH from thiamine‐treated animals increases the enzyme IC50GTP. Molecular mechanisms of the GDH regulation by acetylation of specific residues are proposed. For the first time, diurnal and thiamine‐dependent changes in the allosteric regulation of the brain GDH due to the enzyme acetylation are shown.
Optimized Sleep After Brain Injury (OSABI): A Pilot Study of a Sleep Hygiene Intervention for Individuals With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Background. Disrupted sleep is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) particularly in the inpatient rehabilitation setting where it may affect participation in therapy and outcomes. Treatment of sleep disruption in this setting is varied and largely unexamined. Objective. To study the feasibility of instituting a sleep hygiene intervention on a rehabilitation unit. Methods. Twenty-two individuals admitted to a brain injury unit were enrolled and allocated, using minimization, to either a sleep hygiene protocol (SHP) or standard of care (SOC). All participants wore actigraphs, underwent serial cognitive testing, and had light monitors placed in their hospital rooms for 4 weeks. Additionally, participants in the SHP received 30 minutes of blue-light therapy each morning, had restricted caffeine intake after noon, and were limited to 30-minute naps during the day. SHP participants had their lights out time set according to preinjury sleep time preference. Both groups were treated with the same restricted formulary of centrally acting medications. Results. Of 258 patients screened, 27 met all study inclusion criteria of whom 22 were enrolled. Nine participants in each group who had at least 21 days of treatment were retained for analysis. The protocol was rated favorably by participants, families, and staff. Actigraph sleep metrics improved in both groups during the 4-week intervention; however, only in the SHP was the change significant. Conclusions. Sleep hygiene is a feasible, nonpharmacologic intervention to treat disrupted sleep in a TBI inpatient rehabilitation setting. A larger study is warranted to examine treatment efficacy. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02838082.
Predicting the postoperative outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with machine learning system: Software validation and comparative analysis with Guy's stone score and the CROES nomogram.

PURPOSE To validate the output of a machine learning-based software as an intelligible interface for predicting multiple outcomes after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). We compared the performance of this system with Guy's stone score (GSS) and the Clinical Research Office of Endourological Society (CROES) nomogram. METHODS Data from 146 adult patients (87 males, 59%) who underwent PCNL at our institute were used. To validate the system, accuracy of the software for predicting each postoperative outcome was compared to the actual outcome. Similarly, preoperative data were analyzed with GSS and CROES nomograms to determine stone-free status as predicted by these nomograms. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated for each scoring system, and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated and used to assess the predictive performance of all three models. RESULTS Overall stone-free rate (SFR) was 72.6% (106/146). Forty of 146 patients (27.4%) were scheduled for Forty two ancillary procedures (shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) (n= 31) or repeat PCNL (n=11)) to manage residual renal stones. Overall, the machine learning system predicted the PCNL outcomes with an accuracy ranging between 80% and 95.1%. For predicting the stone-free status, the area under the ROC curve for the software (0.915) was significantly larger than the AUC for GSS (0.615) or CROES nomograms (0.621) (p<0.001). CONCLUSION At the internal institutional level, the machine learning-based software was a promising tool for recording, processing and predicting outcomes after PCNL. Validation of this system against an external dataset is highly recommended before its widespread application.
Gene expression and DNA methylation analyses suggest that immune process‐related ADCY6 is a prognostic factor of luminal‐like breast cancer

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women's health, and luminal‐like cancer subtypes account for the majority of the cases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among DNA methylation, gene expression profile, and the tumor‐immune microenvironment of luminal‐like breast cancer, and to identify the potential key genes that regulate immune cell infiltration in luminal‐like breast cancer. The ESTIMATE algorithm was applied to calculate immune scores and stromal scores of patients with breast cancer. Kaplan‐Meier curves were generated for survival analysis. The clusterProfile package was used for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. The protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Correlations between ADCY6 expression and immune cell infiltration‐related pathways were analyzed by gene set variation analysis. R software was used for the statistical analysis and figure generation. Disease‐free survival was higher in the immune score‐high group than it was in the immune score‐low group, while the stromal score had no correlation with prognosis. There were 515 genes that differed in both gene expression and DNA methylation levels, and these genes were mainly enriched in immune process‐related pathways. ADCY6 was enriched in module A of the PPI network. Patients with downregulation and hypermethylation of ADCY6 associated with a better prognosis. ADCY6 expression was negatively correlated with the activation of immune process‐related signaling pathways, immune checkpoint receptors, and ligands, except for CLEC4G. DNA methylation was found to be involved in the regulation of the key cellular pathways of luminal‐like breast cancer immune cell infiltration. Additionally, ADCY6 was identified as a prognostic factor involved in the DNA methylation‐regulated immune processes in luminal‐like breast cancer.
Expression of estrogen receptor alpha in response to stress and estrogen antagonist tamoxifen in the shell gland of Gallus gallus domesticus: involvement of anti-oxidant system and estrogen

Abstract Animals are frequently exposed to various kinds of environmental stressors and estrogen is known to play important role in stress response besides its crucial role in regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolic activity and reproduction. The study investigates the estrogen antagonist, tamoxifen (TM), mediated estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression, to modulate stress induced parameters in chickens. The study further explores the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in brain, ovary and shell gland during water deprivation (WD) and tamoxifen administration in sexually mature chicken. WD and TM administration both decrease the plasma estradiol while WD increases corticosterone. WD also elevates MDA concentration in the brain, ovary and shell gland while TM lowers it. WD and TM administration lowers the specific activity of SOD in brain and shell gland. In contrast, WD increases the specific activity of catalase, GPx and GR in the brain and shell gland, while TM decreases it. It appears that endogenous estradiol plays a crucial role in expression of antioxidant enzymes and tamoxifen acts as an antioxidant by reducing the oxidative stress in chicken. Abundant expression of ERα has been observed in the shell gland of egg laying birds while stress like water deprivation and TM down-regulates its expression. Thus, it can be concluded that expression of ERα in shell gland plays a predominant role in mediating estrogen action in response to water deprivation stress and tamoxifen.
Using multiple measures of openness to experience to capture positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions of schizotypy.

The underlying vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is expressed across a continuum of clinical and subclinical symptoms and impairment known as schizotypy. Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct with positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions. Models of normal personality provide useful frameworks for examining the multidimensional structure of schizotypy. However, the relationship of schizotypy with openness to experience has been largely limited to studies using the five-factor model of personality, which may not adequately capture maladaptive expressions of openness. Therefore, this study examined the relationship of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with multiple measures of openness that capture adaptive and maladaptive aspects of the construct. MTurk and university participants (n = 1,281) completed the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale and five measures of openness. As hypothesized, positive schizotypy was generally associated with elevated openness, especially measures tapping oddness and eccentricity, whereas negative schizotypy was inversely associated with openness, especially measures assessing openness to feelings. Disorganized schizotypy was generally unassociated with openness. Principal components analysis of 15 openness facets revealed four factors: Fantasy/Feelings, Ideas, Eccentricity, and Nontraditionalism, and provided more nuanced understanding of the associations of schizotypy and openness. Positive schizotypy was associated with each factor (albeit inversely with Nontraditionalism), negative schizotypy was inversely associated with Fantasy/Feelings but positively associated with Eccentricity, and disorganized schizotypy was only associated with Eccentricity. These results support the construct validity of the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale and highlight that the association of schizotypy and openness is best understood by considering the multidimensionality of both constructs and evaluating adaptive and maladaptive openness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Hematite and Magnetite Nanostructures for Green and Sustainable Energy Harnessing and Environmental Pollution Control: A Review.

The optoelectrical and magnetic characteristics of naturally existing iron-based nanostructures especially hematite and magnetite nanoparticles (H-NPs and M-NPs) gained significant research interest in various applications, lately. The main purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the utilization of H-NPs and M-NPs in various environmental remediation. Iron-based NPs are extensively explored to generate green energy from environmental friendly processes such as water splitting and CO2 conversion to hydrogen and low molecular weight hydrocarbons, respectively. The latter part of the review provided a critical overview to use H-NPs and M-NPs for the detection and decontamination of inorganic and organic contaminants to counter the environmental pollution and toxicity challenge, which could ensure environmental sustainability and hygiene. Some of the future perspectives are comprehensively presented in the final portion of the script, optimistically, and it is supported by some relevant literature surveys to predict the possible routes of H-NPs and M-NPs modifications that could enable researchers to use these NPs in more advanced environmental applications. The literature collection and discussion on the critical assessment of reserving the environmental sustainability challenges provided in this review will be useful not only for experienced researchers but also for novices in the field.
Deproteinized bovine bone mineral is non-inferior to deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen in maintaining the soft tissue contour post-extraction: A randomised trial.

OBJECTIVES To test the non-inferiority of demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) compared to demineralized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) for the maintenance of the soft tissue contour after tooth extraction in the esthetic zone. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-five patients randomly received ridge preservation at a single site in the anterior maxilla with DBBM or DBBM-C. Both, DBBM and DBBM-C were covered with a collagen matrix. Profilometric analyses were performed at baseline (BL), immediately after treatment (PO) and at 4 months (FU; day of implant placement). The main outcome was the horizontal mean change (HC) at the buccal aspect. The measurements also included changes of the estimated soft tissue thickness (eTT) at 1mm, 3mm and 5mm below the buccal gingival margin. Descriptive analysis was performed and differences between groups were analyzed using independent samples t-test. The non-inferiority test was performed for HC. RESULTS At 4 months, the horizontal mean change (HC) was -1.43mm (±0.53mm) (DBBM-C) and -1.32mm (±0.53mm) (DBBM). Change of the estimated soft tissue thickness (eTT) between baseline (BL) and four months of follow-up (FU) at 1mm, 3mm and 5mm amounted to -4.58mm (±2.02mm), -2.40mm (±0.97mm) and -1.37mm (±0.78mm) for DBBM-C and to -4.12mm (±1.80mm), -2.09mm (±0.91mm) and -1.23mm (±0.72mm) for DBBM. The differences between the groups were not statistically significantly for any of the outcome measures (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS DBBM is non-inferior to DBBM-C for the maintenance of the soft tissue contour 4 months after tooth extraction.
Family functioning and quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: The role of dissimilarity in illness representations and school support

This study analyzed the impact of dissimilarities in illness perceptions between parents and adolescents, school support, and family functioning on quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). A total of 100 adolescents diagnosed with T1D for at least 1 year and a primary caregiver participated in the study (N=200). Adolescents answered the Diabetes Quality of Life and the School Support Questionnaire, and parents answered the general functioning subscale of the Family Assessment Device. Both answered the Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire, regarding the adolescents’ diabetes. The interception effect of dissimilarities regarding identity and concerns perceptions toward diabetes, between parents and adolescents, and school support in the relationship between family functioning and quality of life was significant and explained 27% and 32% of the variance, respectively. The results showed a negative relationship between family functioning and quality of life when school support was low and dissimilarities in identity and concerns perceptions were high. Therefore, to increase quality of life of adolescents with T1D, intervention programs should include family, teachers, school staff, and peers to improve their knowledge of diabetes and support to adolescents.
Woody tissue photosynthesis reduces stem CO2 efflux by half and remains unaffected by drought stress in young Populus tremula trees.

A substantial portion of locally respired CO2 in stems can be assimilated by chloroplast-containing tissues. Woody tissue photosynthesis (Pwt ) therefore plays a major role in the stem carbon balance. To study the impact of Pwt on stem carbon cycling along a gradient of water availability, stem CO2 -efflux (EA ), xylem CO2 -concentration ([CO2 ]) and xylem water potential (Ψxylem ) were measured in 4-year-old Populus tremula L. trees exposed to drought-stress and different regimes of light-exclusion of woody tissues. Under well-watered conditions, local Pwt decreased EA up to 30 %. Axial CO2 -diffusion (Dax ) induced by distant Pwt caused an additional decrease in EA of up to 25 % and limited xylem [CO2 ] build-up. Under drought stress, absolute decreases in EA driven by Pwt remained stable, denoting that Pwt was not affected by drought. At the end of the dry period, when transpiration was low, local Pwt and Dax offset 20 and 10 % of stem respiration on a daily basis, respectively. These results highlight (i) the importance of Pwt for an adequate interpretation of EA measurements and (ii) homeostatic Pwt along a drought stress gradient, which might play a crucial role to fuel stem metabolism when leaf carbon uptake and phloem transport are limited.
The Impact of Addictive Behaviors on Adolescents Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Peer Support

Abstract Studies exploring excessive Internet use and gambling are rapidly expanding concerns regarding its impact on mental health, especially in young people due to the increased prevalence of Internet and gambling addictions. Research suggests that perceived peer support plays a significant role in adolescents’ psychological well-being. However, no empirical study has dealt with the mediating effect of perceived peer support on the relationship between Internet and gambling addictions and psychological well-being. Thus, the present study aimed to examine whether perceived peer support mediates the relation between Internet and gambling addictions and psychological well-being of adolescents. A sample of 347 Iranian adolescents aged 14 to 18 (Mean age 16.14, 50.4% male) who were studying in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia participated in this study. Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS), Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS), Six-item Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ6), and The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) were used to collect data. Mediation analyses showed a significant indirect effect of compulsive Internet use and problem gambling on psychological well-being through perceived peer support. The total effects of compulsive Internet use and problem gambling on psychological well-being were negative. This study implies the significance of strengthening the knowledge about the impact of peer relationships among adolescents.
Determining rural learning outcomes for medical student placements using a consensus process with rural clinical teachers

ABSTRACT Short, longer and programmatic rural attachments have developed in a number of medical programmes around the world. However, there is limited literature on the development of the underpinning learning outcomes to guide these attachments. Rural populations are commonly under-served and the specific needs and challenges of rural health care need to be emphasised, as well as encouraging future practice in these areas. Our aim was to produce common rural-specific learning outcomes, aligned with a rationalisation of existing guiding principles and objectives, for our medical student regional-rural programmes. This was achieved through a Delphi technique involving the relevant clinical teachers and supervisors. Forty-nine consenting participants collectively provided 72 learning outcomes which were synthesised down to 16. A consensus process was used to anonymously rate and then rank to reach consensus for the top four learning outcomes. The learning outcomes were placed within the theoretical framework of a ‘pedagogy of place’ based on rurality and triangulated with rural learning outcomes from an Australian study. The four final outcomes were resolved around two areas of ‘place’: geographical and developmental. The co-design approach enabled those involved in providing the rural exposure education to generate appropriate learning outcomes.