Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PRODUCTION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM IN VIVO AND IN VITRO TISSUE CULTURES OF LUFFA CYLINDRICA AND CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS

An in vitro protocol was developed for production of two important flavonoids, Kaempferol, Quercetin from two medicinally important plants of family Cucurbitaceae viz. Luffa Cyindrica Linn. and Citrullus colocynthis Linn. L.cylindrica (turi) is an important meditional plant and has been used in various disorders and as a health tonic. C. colocynthis (Tumba or Indrayan) is also an important medicional plant used in various disorders . C.colocynthis is very hot in nature and is a potent purgative and was used to initiate absortionin ancient times. Flavonoids are antioxidants present in many herbal plants. Kaempferol and Quercetin are two important flavonoids which have been isolated and identified from stems, leaves and unorganized cultures of Luffa cyindrica and Citrullus colocynthis raised and maintained by frequent subculturing on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (1962). Quantification data revealed that the total amount of free and bound flavonoids was found to be higher in C. colocynthis as compared to L. Cylindrica
The immediate effectiveness of mobile game-based instruction with an extracorporeal biofeedback device for an exercise program to improve pelvic floor muscle contraction in healthy subjects

Objective: Using biofeedback in instructing pelvic floor muscle (PFM) activation is a great method to provide information on muscle contraction. This study aimed to determine the immediate effectiveness of a mobile game-based instruction with an extracorporeal biofeedback device (EBD) to improve PFM contraction in healthy subjects. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Sixteen healthy subjects (4 men and 12 nulliparous women; age, 31±5 years) were enrolled. The subjects were randomly categorized into two groups, those who were to receive instructions on how to contract the PFM by using the EBD (n=7) and those who were to undergo a transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS; n=9) with biofeedback. PFM function was measured as the displacement (mm) of PFM elevation by using the TAUS before and after the instructions in each group. Results: The EBD and TAUS groups showed a significant increase in the displacement of PFM elevation after the instructions from 5.93±4.03 mm to 7.62±3.77 mm and from 5.27±3.39 mm to 7.47±2.79 mm, respectively ( p <0.05). No significant differences were found between the two groups. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that instructions for PFM contraction using the EBD and TAUS showed an immediate effect; however, no significant difference in effectiveness was observed between the two instruction methods. Therefore, not only can the TAUS method be used but the EBD method can also be used as a PFM instruction method for noninvasive procedures. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of training and exercise on larger sample sizes that includes patient populations with PFM dysfunction.
Catchment‐scale observations at the Niwot Ridge long‐term ecological research site

The Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley (NWT) long‐term ecological research (LTER) site collects environmental observations spanning both alpine and subalpine regimes. The first observations began in 1952 and have since expanded to nearly 300 available datasets over an area of 99 km2 within the north‐central Colorado Rocky Mountains that include hydrological (n = 101), biological (n = 79), biogeochemical (n = 62), and geographical (n = 56) observations. The NWT LTER database is well suited to support hydrologic investigations that require long‐term and interdisciplinary data sets. Experimentation and data collection at the NWT LTER are designed to characterize ecological responses of high‐mountain environments to changes in climate, nutrients, and water availability. In addition to the continuation of the many legacy NWT datasets, expansion of the breadth and utility of the NWT LTER database is driven by new initiatives including (a) a catchment‐scale sensor network of soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and snow‐depth observations to understand hydrologic connectivity and (b) snow‐albedo alteration experiments using black sand to evaluate the effects of snow‐disappearance on ecosystems. Together, these observational and experimental datasets provide a substantial foundation for hydrologic studies seeking to understand and predict changes to catchment and local‐scale process interactions.
A multiple pattern complex event detection scheme based on decomposition and merge sharing for massive event streams

Quickly detecting related primitive events for multiple complex events from massive event stream usually faces with a great challenge due to their single pattern characteristic of the existing complex event detection methods. Aiming to solve the problem, a multiple pattern complex event detection scheme based on decomposition and merge sharing is proposed in this article. The achievement of this article lies that we successfully use decomposition and merge sharing technology to realize the high-efficient detection for multiple complex events from massive event streams. Specially, in our scheme, we first use decomposition sharing technology to decompose pattern expressions into multiple subexpressions, which can provide many sharing opportunities for subexpressions. We then use merge sharing technology to construct a multiple pattern complex events by merging sharing all the same prefix, suffix, or subpattern into one based on the above decomposition results. As a result, our proposed detection method in this article can effectively solve the above problem. The experimental results show that the proposed detection method in this article outperforms some general detection methods in detection model and detection algorithm in multiple pattern complex event detection as a whole.
Nutritional Quality of Herbaceous Vegetation in a Phryganic Mediterranean Ecosystem During the Grazing Period

Grazing is an economically and environmentally valuable activity in phryganic Mediterranean ecosystems. The herbaceous vegetation of these ecosystems provides an essential feed source for grazing ruminants. Despite the extension and economic importance of phryganic ecosystems in Mediterranean Basin there has been relatively little scientific focus on nutritional quality of their herbaceous vegetation. The nutritional quality of herbaceous vegetation in a phryganic ecosystem was assessed for two consecutive years during the grazing period (March to July). Herbage samples were analysed for chemical composition, metabolizable energy, in vitro dry matter digestibility, in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility and mineral content (Ca, P, K, Mg) at monthly basis. According to the results time of harvest significantly affected crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin and the content of minerals (i.e. Ca, P, Mg, K). Mean monthly temperature found to have a great negative impact on nutritional quality. During the grazing period, the nutritional quality of herbage vegetation was strongly correlated with growing degree days. Over a threshold of about 700 growing degree days the nutritional quality of herbage dramatically decreased. Overall the current study provides crucial information for the nutritional dynamics of the herbage vegetation of the phryganic Mediterranean ecosystems that can be towards developing an efficient grazing strategy.
THE IMPACT OF BUDGET, ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

The goal linked with the current article is to analyse the impact of the budget approved for environmental development, accountability mechanism of the government and renewable energy consumption on the environmental sustainability development of Indonesia. The quantitative method has been executed through which secondary data has been extracted from the database of World Bank along with the finance ministry of Indonesia from 1985 to 2017 while for the analysis purpose ARDL approach has been used. The results revealed that positive nexus among the budget approved for environmental development, accountability mechanism of the government, renewable energy consumption and environmental sustainability development of Indonesia in both the short and long run. The results also revealed that negative linkage among the energy import and environmental sustainability development of Indonesia. These findings provided suitable measures to the regulatory authority of the country that they should approve more budget for environmental development along with maintaining the high accountability mechanism that enhances the environmental sustainability development in Indonesia.
Evaluation of Machine Learning Techniques for Security in SDN

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as the most viable programmable network architecture to solve many challenges in legacy networks. SDN separates the network control plane from the data forwarding plane and logically centralizes the network control plane. The logically centralized control improves network management through global visibility of the network state. However, centralized control opens doors to security challenges. The SDN control platforms became the most attractive venues for Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks. Due to the success and inevitable benefits of Machine Learning (ML) in fingerprinting security vulnerabilities, this article proposes and evaluates ML techniques to counter DoS and DDoS attacks in SDN. The ML techniques are evaluated in a practical setup where the SDN controller is exposed to DDoS attacks to draw important conclusions for ML-based security of future communication networks.
Statistical Study on Locally Generated High‐Frequency Plasmaspheric Hiss and Its Effect on Suprathermal Electrons: Van Allen Probes Observation and Quasi‐linear Simulation

The local generation of high‐frequency plasmaspheric hiss has recently been reported by a case study (He et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081578). In this research, we perform statistics of global distributions of the locally generated high‐frequency plasmaspheric hiss (LHFPH) for different levels of substorm activity, using 6‐year observational data from Van Allen Probes. The statistics find that the LHFPH amplitude presents a strong magnetic local time (MLT) asymmetry and highly depends on substorm activity, and intense LHFPHs occur from predawn to dusk side and can penetrate into inner plasmasphere of L ∼ 3 during AE > 300 nT. The statistical LHFPH spectrum shows that its frequency increases with the ambient magnetic field, with peaked wave powers between 0.1 and 0.5 fce. Based on the statistical properties of LHFPH, we evaluate the electron diffusion coefficients using quasi‐linear theory. Those results suggest that electron pitch angle scattering driven by LHFPH could be a potential mechanism for the precipitation loss of suprathermal electrons of 0.1 keV to tens of keV, which can impact the ionization and chemical changes in the upper atmosphere.
Child Development During the COVID‐19 Pandemic Through a Life Course Theory Lens

Abstract The COVID‐19 global pandemic and the resulting economic, health, and educational disruptions have upset all aspects of young people’s lives. The pandemic’s reach will likely continue in the near term and as psychological and academic trajectories unfold over time. In this article, we draw on the central tenets of life course theory—intertwined developmental trajectories, linked lives, and stratification systems (Elder, 1998)—to inform understanding of potential adverse effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on children’s and adolescents’ adjustment and well‐being, as well as mechanisms and processes that may buffer or exacerbate the pandemic’s negative impact. We review empirical evidence on the impact of previous macro‐level crises (e.g., the Great Recession) to illustrate how life course theory can aid developmental scientists in examining the effects of COVID‐19 on children’s development. We conclude with recommendations for research.
Flow-Injection Analysis (FIA) Electrochemical Speciation of Copper in Coastal Waters by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV)

Abstract A sensitive and precise method for copper (Cu) speciation [electroactive Cu (II), acid-dissolved Cu (0, II), and inert Cu (0)] in coastal waters was developed using flow-injection analysis and electrochemical detection. The reaction is based on a simple redox reaction using a gold nanoparticle modified electrode. The effects of experimental parameters were investigated and optimized. The presence of iron, lead, zinc, cadmium, and aluminum did not interfere with the determination of copper. For total copper, the method detection limit was 1.3 nM, and the quantification range was from 5 to 1000 nM (R 2 equal to 0.995), which is sufficiently sensitive for coastal water analysis. A certified reference material was used to characterize the accuracy and good agreement was obtained. The developed method was applied to analyze coastal water samples collected from the Guangdang River, Shandong, China. The Cu species present are reported and discussed.
On the Development, Origins and Manifestations of Prison Violence – Evidence from a Longitudinal Study on Young Males and Females in Germany

Im Gefangnis treffen gewalterfahrene Menschen in einer konfliktgeladenen und von subkulturellen Normen gepragten Umgebung aufeinander. Gewalt reicht hier von Beleidigungen und Einschuchterungen bis hin zu schweren Formen von Gewalt. Der Artikel tragt erstmals alle Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojekts zusammen, welches das Institut fur Kriminologie der Universitat zu Koln von 2010 bis 2017 durchfuhrte und an dem 882 mannliche und 269 weibliche Jugendstrafgefangene teilnahmen. Demnach mussen Haftlinge standig mit Angriffen anderer Gefangener rechnen, auch wenn sie nicht taglich Gewalt am eigenen Leib erleben. Die meisten sind sowohl Tater als auch Opfer, wobei eine Viktimisierung das Risiko, spater selbst Gewalt auszuuben, signifikant erhoht. Gefangene sind besonders zu Beginn der Haft involviert; spater gelingt es den meisten, von anderen Gefangenen in Ruhe gelassen zu werden. Wer sich von den Bediensteten fair behandelt fuhlt, ubt betrachtlich weniger Gewalt aus. Anstatt sich auf Disziplinarmasnahmen zu verlassen, die angesichts des grosen Dunkelfelds (auf eine registrierte Gewalttat kommen wenigstens sechs, die unerkannt bleiben) weitgehend unwirksam sind, sollten die Anstalten prosoziales Verhalten fordern und Anti-Gewalt-Konzepte entwickeln. Im Geschlechtervergleich zeigten sich kaum Unterschiede bei verbaler Gewalt; korperliche Angriffe traten unter jungen Frauen jedoch seltener auf.
Investigating the regulation of miRNA biogenesis and Argonaute2 by RNA binding proteins

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short ~22nt ribonucleic acids which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. miRNAs are key regulators of all cellular processes and the correct expression of miRNAs in an organism is crucial for proper development and cellular function. As a result, the miRNA biogenesis pathway must be highly regulated itself. In this review we outline the basic steps of miRNA biogenesis and miRNA mediated gene regulation focusing on the role of RNA binding proteins (RBPs). We also describe multiple mechanisms that regulate the canonical miRNA pathway which depend on a wide range of RBPs. Moreover, we hypothesise that the interaction between miRNA regulation and RBPs is potentially more widespread based on the analysis of available high-throughput datasets.
Climate Change Drives Habitat Contraction of a Nocturnal Arboreal Marsupial at Its Physiological Limits

Increasing impacts of climatic change and anthropogenic disturbances on natural ecosystems are leading to population declines or extinctions of many species worldwide. In Australia, recent climatic change has caused population declines in some native fauna. The projected increase in mean annual temperature by up to 4 ° C by the end of the 21st century is expected to exacerbate these trends. The greater glider ( Petauroides volans ), Australia ’ s largest gliding marsupial, is widely distributed along the eastern coast, but has recently experienced drastic declines in population numbers. Its association with hollow-bearing trees, used for nesting, has made it an important species for the conservation of old-growth forest ecosystems. Fires and timber harvesting have been identi ﬁ ed as threats to the species. Greater gliders have disap-peared however from areas that have experienced neither raising questions about the role of other factors in their decline. A unique physiology and strict Eucalyptus diet make them vulnerable to high temperatures and low water availability. As such, climatic conditions may drive habitat selection and recent climatic trends may be contributing to observed population declines. Using presence:absence data from across its distribution in Victoria, coupled with high spatial and temporal resolution climatic data and machine-learning modeling, we tested the in ﬂ uence of climatic, topographic, edaphic, biotic, and disturbance variables on greater glider occupancy and habitat suitability. We found that climatic variables, particularly those related to aridity and extreme weather conditions, such as number of nights warmer than 20 ° C, were highly signi ﬁ cant predictors of greater glider occurrence. Climatic conditions associated with habitat suitability have changed over time, with increasing aridity across much of its southeastern distribution. These changes in climate are closely aligned with observed population declines across this region. At higher elevation, some areas where the greater glider is observed at high densities, conditions have become wetter, which is improving habitat quality. These areas are of growing signi ﬁ cance to greater glider conservation as they will become increasingly important as climatic refugia in the coming decades. Protecting these areas of habitat will be critical for facilitating the conservation of greater gliders as the broader landscape becomes less hospitable under future climatic change.
How environmental stressors affect reproductive potential in a saltmarsh plant species Plantago maritima

Abstract We examined whether the presence or absence of different environmental stressors influenced the reproductive potential of a saltmarsh species—Plantago maritima. We focused on total seed output, seed quality, and biomass of progeny. So far, there are no studies trying to answer the question of how different saltmarsh management affects the quality of seed in saltmarsh species. For the purposes of the study, plots subjected to light mowing, light or heavy grazing, trampling, or rooting were designated in three nature reserves in Poland. On each plot, the abundance of infructescences per sq. meter was calculated. Mature infructescences were collected, and their length and number of fruit capsules were measured. The seeds obtained from fruit capsules were weighted and sown in controlled conditions. The germination rate and the final germination percentage were calculated. A representative number of sprouts were grown. After a period of 2 months, the individuals of P. maritima were harvested and their total dry mass was measured. It was found that heavy grazing had the greatest effect on all of the studied characteristics. The presence of this factor resulted in shorter infructescences with a smaller number of fruit capsules. However, this phenomenon was compensated by the higher abundance of infructescences per sq. meter. At the same time, seeds produced by grazed individuals were significantly lighter. Interestingly, intensive trampling by people affected P. maritima individuals in a similar way to heavy grazing, while mowing and rooting had less impact on the considered characteristics. Although a positive correlation between seed mass and germination success was found, the altogether lower seed mass had a negligible effect on germination parameters. Also, the differences in seed parameters did not affect dry mass of obtained progeny grown in laboratory conditions. Synthesis and applications: Different environmental stressors, such as grazing and mowing, have an effect on reproductive potential of a saltmarsh species P. maritima. In the case of habitats created anthropogenically, such as brackish saltmarshes, the role of management is crucial for their conservation. Therefore, searching for the best active protection methods is important. In light of the results obtained, extensive or rotational grazing appears to be the best form of saltmarsh management.
Méthodologie interdisciplinaire de prévention des TMS : association de la Biomécanique et de la Clinique de l’activité

En France et a l’international, les troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) restent les maladies professionnelles les plus repandues. La litterature scientifique a etabli l’existence de liens entre la survenue des TMS et la realisation des gestes en situation de travail. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment l’analyse biomecanique participe a la creation d’outils d’intervention mis en œuvre dans un cadre methodologique en clinique de l’activite dans une optique de prevention des TMS se basant sur l’analyse du geste. La methodologie interdisciplinaire mise en œuvre aupres de huit fossoyeurs comprend plusieurs etapes incluant une analyse de l’activite musculaire des muscles de l’epaule et du dos laquelle est utilisee comme support a des autoconfrontations. Les resultats montrent que la methodologie interdisciplinaire permet d’ouvrir plus largement la zone de developpement potentiel du geste dans l’activite des fossoyeurs en stimulant leurs discussions professionnelles. La mise en visibilite et en discussion dans le metier de la variabilite inter et intra-individuelle de realisation d’un meme geste au contact des questions concretes de travail a ouvert le milieu professionnel vers de nouvelles formes d’actions de prevention des TMS dans l’organisation prescrite du travail.
Evaluation of desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) germplasm using qualitative descriptors and principal component analysis

In the present study, a total of 155 desi cotton accessions (Gossypium arboreum L.) were evaluated using six qualitative traits in an augmented design. The distribution of genotypes categorized under the selected traits and their states were computed for all the genotypes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified three principal components accounting for 56.91% of the variability in the arboreum germplasm with PC 1 contributing 20.51% and PC 2 contributing 18.62%. The results of the eigen vectors of six qualitative traits indicated that the traits namely anther colour, plant body colour and boll shape could serve as distinguishable morphological markers for characterization of G. arboreum genotypes. Correlation studies revealed significant positive association among the traits under study. Scatter plot between PC 1 and PC 2 showed the convex of the hull occupied by the genotypes namely DWDA 1701, NDLA 3086, JLA 0610, CAN 1038, RG5 21, HD 544, PA 778, GAM 261, FDK2 95, K 12 and CIsa 90 presenting their diverse nature among the genotypes. The clustering analysis separated 155 G. arboreum accessions into five major clusters and maximum genotypes were placed in Cluster V. Combined results of PCA and cluster analysis selected DWDA 1701, GAM2 60, TAS 130, CISA 1793 and RG 690 as promising genotypes with highest degree of divergence for future desi cotton breeding research.