Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Models of the Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Clindamycin inHealthy Subjects after Oral Administration of 150 mg of Clindamycin

The goal of the current study was to provide a further example of a successful use of a non-traditional modeling method in the development of mathematical models in pharmacokinetics. The current study is a companion piece of the earlier study by Forist et al. published in February issue of Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, therefore the data published in the study cited here were used. All mathematical models developed, successfully described the data of all healthy male volunteers enrolled in the study by Forist et al. and in the current study. The modeling method used in the current study is used to developed mathematical models of dynamic systems not only in pharmacokinetics but also in several other scientific and practical fields.
Effect of storage materials on seed quality and health in Jute variety O-9897

The experiments were conducted in Jute Agriculture Experimental Station (JAES) and Kishoregonj Regional Station (KRS) of BJRI during the period April 2012 to January 2013. The present study was carried out with the objective was to find out suitable storage materials for quality jute seeds and fibre production. Six different types of containers viz. tin pot, plastic pot, poly bag, gunny bag lined with polythene, cloth bag, and International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) innovated poly bag were used for the present study. Seeds stored in tin pot had the best performance in respect of germination, plant height, plant/m2, base diameter, number of branch, number of pod, stick yield, fibre yield and seed yield. Health condition of seeds were also superior compared to other storage materials. The highest total disease incidence (12.84%) at KRS was recorded by using seeds of plastic pot. Lowest disease incidence (6.35%) was observed at KRS by using seeds stored in tin pot. The highest fibre yield (2.98 ton/ha), stick yield (5.91 ton/ha) and seed yield (368.44 kg/ha) were recorded by using seeds of tin pot. Quality of jute seeds can be maintained by storage in tin pot and proper moisture content (9.5%). Key words: Container, disease, seed quality.
Spalding, Katie and Board, Ruth and Dawson, Timothy and Jenkinson, Michael D. and Baker, Matthew (2016) A review of novel analytical diagnostics for liquid biopsies : spectroscopic and spectrometric serum profiling of primary and secondary brain

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How Intercultural is an “Intercultural University”? Some lessons from Veracruz, Mexico

Since the beginning of the 21st century, a new institutional figure starts to appear in the arena of Mexican higher education: the socalled “intercultural university”. What was first presented and conceived just as another link in the chain of preschool, primary and increasingly also post-primary schools “with an intercultural and bilingual approach”, created in and for the indigenous and multilingual regions of Mexico, now starts to have characteristics of a new uni- versity subsystem destined to provide an academic training which is supposed to be culturally relevant to students who are defined as diverse and different in ethnic, linguistic and/or cultural terms. In practice, this new educational offer is focused on students from indigenous regions who have been excluded from formal higher education and have had access only recently to complete basic education and also gradual access to upper secondary education. In this contri bution, we briefly sketch the general tendencies that characterize this emerg - ing educational subsystem, before illustrating a case study which stems from a collaborative ethnography that we are conducting with one of the intercultural universities, the Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural (UVI), in order to finally draw some conclusions on the allegedly “intercultural” character of this new educational institution. Key words : intercultural education; intercultural university; collaborative ethnography; Veracruz.
ECONOMIC MOTIVES OF ADOPTION TIMING DECISION: THE CASE OF THE REVISED VERSION OF THE INDONESIAN GAAP 24 ON EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

This study examines the firms’ adoption timing decision using the case of the revised Indonesian GAAP #24 or known as Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK) 24 on Employee Benefits which was released in June 2004. Even though this revised standard became effective immediately, its mandatory adoption is extended to 2005, thus allowing multiyear adoption period. The purpose of this study is to determine the firms’ economic motives of adoption timing decision. This study hypothesizes that the early adopters have characteristics that differentiate them from the late adopters, which explain the motives of their early adoption decision. Overall, the statistical test on hypothesis using logistic regression able to identify firms characteristics that determine PSAK 24 adoption timing decision, including size of the firms, implementation cost, earning management and audit firm. This study concludes that larger firms and firms with less PSAK 24 implementation cost are more likely to adopt early. Higher reported ROE due to PSAK 24 adjustment also motivates firm to adopt early. Another finding is that size of audit firm influences the firms’ adoption timing decision, due to the auditor’s familiarity with PSAK 24. This study fails to explain the economic motives of adoption timing decision based on debt hypothesis.
Genetic evaluation of age at first calving from Brown Swiss cows through survival analysis

The age at first calving from Brown Swiss heifers raised in the Semiarid of Brazil was analyzed as well as, the time until the event by the non-parametric method of Kaplan-Meier and the gamma shared frailty model, under the survival analysis methodology. Survival and hazard rate curves associated to this event were estimated and identified the influence of the considered covariates over time. The mean and median ages at the first calving were 987.77 days and 1003 days, respectively, and the significant covariates through the Log-Rank test, in the Kaplan-Meier analysis, were season of birth, calving year, sire (heifer’s father) and calving season. In the analysis by frailty model, the genetic values and the frailties of the sires (fathers) for the first calving of their daughters were predicted modeling the hazard function of each heifer as a function of the birth season as a fixed covariate and sire as a random covariate. The frailty followed the gamma distribution. Sires with high and positive genetic values possessed high frailties, which meant a shorter survival time for their daughters at the event, i.e., reduction in their age at first calving.
A comparison of two survey methods: differences between underwater visual census and baited remote underwater video

Essential to any model, conservation or management plan are measures of the distribu- tion and abundance of a species. Countless methods for estimating these parameters exist, making it essential to assess the limitations and biases associated with a particular sampling protocol. Here, we compare between 2 methods commonly used to survey nearshore fish assemblages. Although most commonly employed, underwater visual census (UVC) may yield biased estimates of abundance depending on the strength of a fish's behavioural response (i.e. avoidance, attraction) to the presence of divers. Baited remote underwater video (BRUV) techniques have shown promise in overcoming some of the limitations of UVC, but are unable to provide an absolute measure of density in turbulent environments. We compare the abilities of these 2 methods to survey the nearshore rocky reef ichthy- ofauna of Southeast Australia. We found that relative to BRUV, UVC recorded more individuals (in terms of all species, herbivores, cryptic species, and most territorial species), higher richness at both the species and family level, and higher biodiversity as measured using the Shannon Index. These findings remain even when the data were adjusted for differences in sampling effort. In contrast, BRUV recorded proportionally more mobile predators, and a more taxonomically distinct population, though only when taxonomic evenness was not taken into account. Twenty species were unique to UVC and 17 species unique to BRUV. Considering this, studies aimed at cataloguing diversity should apply multiple methods. However, when logistical or financial constraints limit biodiversity studies to only 1 method, UVC will likely provide a more complete estimate of temperate reef fish diversity than BRUV.
Evaluating individual learning effectiveness on project-based learning methodology by comparing team-based and individually assigned projects

Engineering education has attained significant attention in recent years due to the increasing need to better prepare future engineers for the challenges in modern industrial settings. Among these, finding solutions to complex analytical problems through collaboration, using abilities such as self-learning can be considered the most critical challenges. Project-based learning has surged as a solution in educational institutions to better prepare students in both analytical and interpersonal skills, which are in high demand for engineering professionals. In the Projectbased learning methodology, team projects bring several advantages to traditional learning methods such as promoting collaboration, cultivating inter-personal skillset, learning outside of the classroom and critical thinking. However, it can also have uneven distribution of the workload where only certain members of the team learn the intended topics. This results in low student-learning effectiveness when focusing on the classroom average outcome. This project focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of project-based learning by utilizing a component design problem, based on constraints and expectations, and comparing the final component design, the project report and evaluation results from the project performed in groups and individually in two different classes. This learning assessment was conducted in the Mechanical Design class, a junior level course in the Mechanical Engineering curriculum. The potential impact that working in a team or individually has on a student will be assessed by evaluating the performance of each student with a written report and an in-class quiz regarding the topics of the project.
Three-body force for baryons from the D0-D4/D8 brane matrix model

This is an extensive work to our previous paper \cite{key-08} studied on the D0-D4/D8 holographic system. We compute the three-body force for baryons with the D0-D4/D8 matrix model derived in \cite{key-08} with considering the non-zero QCD vacuum. We obtain the three-body force at short distances but modified by the appearance of the smeared D0-branes i.e. considering the effects from the non-trivial QCD vacuum. We firstly test our matrix model in the case of 't Hooft instanton and then in two more realistic case: (1) three-neutrons with averaged spins and (2) proton-proton-neutron (or proton-neutron-proton). The three-body potential vanishes in the former case while in two latter cases it is positive i.e. repulsive and makes sense only if the constraint for stable baryonic state is satisfied. We require all the baryons in our computation aligned on a line. These may indicate that the cases in dense states of neutrons such as in neutron stars, Helium-3 or Tritium nucleus all with the non-trivial QCD vacuum.
Growth of Work Opportunities In India: 1983 - 1999-2000

Against the backdrop of concerns about the slow down in the growth of total work force in the 1990s (relative to the 1980s) and of “jobless growth”, this paper offers a more nuanced assessment of the growth of different types of employment opportunities. This is done through an explicit focus on employment quality -- by reference to location of workers in non-poor households -- rather than simply focusing on the change in the number of workers. Also, based on a fresh assessment of the DGE and T estimates and NSS-Survey based estimates of organised sector employment, the 1990s are shown to be a period of accelerated growth in the number of regular wage/salaried workers rather than of stagnation or decline in the growth of jobs.
Envisioning REDD+ in a post‐Paris era: between evolving expectations and current practice

From its advent in 2005 within global climate change negotiations, reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and other forest‐related activities (so‐called REDD+) has been experimented with in developing country contexts for over a decade now, with a wide array of expectations coming to be associated with it. Three consecutive conceptualizations are identifiable: carbon‐centered, where REDD+ is primarily a climate mitigation strategy; co‐benefits‐centered, where REDD+ becomes a triple win solution for climate, biodiversity and communities; and landscape‐centered, where REDD+ activities are embedded in integrated sustainable land‐use approaches. In assessing such evolving expectations against existing REDD+ experiences, a mixed picture emerges. Some expectations, specifically relating to forest carbon financing, are not being adequately met, while others, notably the delivery of co‐benefits, hold out more promise. Yet this also highlights a potential paradox facing REDD+. While there is growing recognition that co‐benefit generation is key, and that piece‐meal, forest‐carbon focused REDD+ interventions are unlikely to address the complex causes of tropical forest loss, forest carbon is still being foregrounded in measuring and reporting on REDD+ performance, and in generating results‐based payments (even as these aspects remain challenging). This implies, however, that the future of REDD+ may lie not in one conceptualization coming to dominate, but rather in co‐existence of heterogeneous practices. REDD+ may end up as a patchwork of projects and practices with different foci and financing mechanisms. Although this cannot prevent trade‐offs, such a heterodox REDD+ may provide building blocks for the polycentric governance of the world's remaining tropical forests. WIREs Clim Change 2017, 8:e425. doi: 10.1002/wcc.425
Integrated Well Placement and Completion Optimization using Heuristic Algorithms: A Case Study of an Iranian Carbonate Formation

Determination of optimum location for drilling a new well not only requires engineering judgments but also consumes excessive computational time. Additionally, availability of many physical constraints such as the well length, trajectory, and completion type and the numerous affecting parameters including, well type, well numbers, well-control variables prompt that the optimization approaches become imperative;. The aim of this study is to figure out optimum well location and the best completion condition using coupled simulation optimization on an Iranian oil field located in southwest of Iran. The well placement scenarios are considered in two successive time intervals during of the field life, i.e., exploration and infill drilling phase. In the former scenario, the well-placement optimization is considered to locate the drilling site of a wildcat well, while the later scenario includes the optimum drilling location of a well is determined after 10-years primary production of nine production wells. In each scenario, two stochastic optimization algorithms namely particle swarm optimization, and artificial bee colony will be applied to evaluate the considered objective function. The net present value to drill production wells through the field life is considered as an objective function during our simulation-optimization approach. Our results show that the outcome of two population-based algorithms (i.e., particle swarm optimization and artificial bee colony) is marginally different from each other. The net present value of the infill drilling phase attains higher value using artificial bee colony algorithm.
Curvilinear Relationship Between Age and Post-Stroke Fatigue among Patients in the Acute Phase following First-Ever Stroke

Introduction: Fatigue is a common complaint after stroke and may be assumed to be related to older age. Contradictory findings on the relationship between age and post-stroke fatigue have been reported in the rehabilitation phase, but no studies have described their relationship in the acute phase. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships among fatigue, age, and other socio-demographic and clinical factors during the acute phase following stroke. Methods: The sample included 115 patients (ages 29 to 91 years) with first-ever stroke admitted to two hospitals in Norway in 2007 and 2008. Data were collected from medical records and face-to-face interviews within 2 weeks of hospital admission. Measures included the Fatigue Severity Scale, SF-36A Physical Functioning Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Barthel Index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Pre-stroke fatigue was defined as fatigue lasting longer than three months before the stroke. Analyses included age group comparisons and hierarchical linear regression. Results: The relationship between age and fatigue was weak and U-shaped rather than linear, with the youngest ( 75 years) groups reporting higher levels of post-stroke fatigue. The effect of age on poststroke fatigue remained significant after controlling for gender, work status, pre-stroke fatigue, physical functioning, sleep disturbance, and comorbidity, but was attenuated after controlling for depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Although post-stroke fatigue in the acute phase was more severe among the youngest and oldest groups, age only explained a small proportion of post-stroke fatigue variability. Clinical factors, such as pre-existing fatigue, physical functioning, and particularly mood are likely more important explanations for post-stroke fatigue than age. Since fatigue may impact the patient’s ability to participate in rehabilitation, clinicians should pay attention to fatigue and its co-existing factors during the acute phase. Evidence-based interventions for managing post-stroke fatigue and improving rehabilitation outcomes are warranted.
Short-term forecasting of available parking space using wavelet neural network model

The technique to forecast available parking spaces (APSs) is the foundation theory of parking guidance information systems (PGISs). This study utilises data collected on parking availability at several off-street parking garages in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, to investigate the changing characteristics of APS. Using these baseline data the research reported here aims to build up a short-term APS forecasting model and applies the wavelet neural network (WNN) method to the PGIS problem. After selecting optimal preferences, including training set size, delay time and embedding dimension, the APS short-term forecasting model based on WNN is built and tested using the real-world dataset. By experimental tests conducted using the same dataset, WNN's prediction performance is compared with the largest Lyapunov exponents (LEs) method in the aspects of accuracy, efficiency and robustness. It is found that WNN prevails through a more efficient structure and employs, barely half of the computational cost compared to the largest LEs method, which could be significant if applied to real-time operation. Moreover, WNN enjoys a more accurate performance, for its prediction average mean square error (MSE) is 6.4 ± 3.1 (in a parking building with 492 parking lots) for workdays and 8.5 ± 6.2 for weekends, compared to the MSE of largest LEs method, 18.7 and 29.0, respectively.
The Impact of Placing Adolescent Males into Foster Care on Their Education, Income Assistance and Incarcerations

Understanding the causal impacts of taking youth on the margins of risk into foster care is an element of the evidence-base on which policy development for this crucial function of government relies. Yet, there is little research looking at these causal impacts; neither is there much empirical work looking at long-term outcomes. This paper focuses on estimating the impact of placing 16 to 18 year old male youth into care on their rates of high school graduation, and post-majority income assistance receipt and incarceration. Two distinct sources of exogenous variation are used to generate instrumental variables, the estimates from which are interpreted in a heterogeneous treatment effects framework as local average treatment effects (LATEs). And, indeed, each source of exogenous variation is observed to estimate different parameters. While both instruments are in accord in that placement in foster care reduces (or delays) high school graduation, the impact of taking youth into care on income assistance use has dramatically different magnitudes across the two margins explored, and, perhaps surprisingly, one source of exogenous variation causes an increase, and the other a decrease, in the likelihood of the youth being incarcerated by age 20. Our results suggest that it is not enough to ask whether more or fewer children should be taken into care; rather, which children are, and how they are, taken into care matter for long-term outcomes.
On the implementation of the canonical quantum simplicity constraint

In this paper, we discuss several approaches to solve the quadratic and linear simplicity constraints in the context of the canonical formulations of higher dimensional general relativity and supergravity developed in our companion papers. Since the canonical quadratic simplicity constraint operators have been shown to be anomalous in any dimension D ⩾ 3 in Class. Quantum Grav. 30 045003, non-standard methods have to be employed to avoid inconsistencies in the quantum theory. We show that one can choose a subset of quadratic simplicity constraint operators which are non-anomalous among themselves and allow for a natural unitary map of the spin networks in the kernel of these simplicity constraint operators to the SU(2)-based Ashtekar–Lewandowski Hilbert space in D = 3. The linear constraint operators on the other hand are non-anomalous by themselves; however, their solution space is shown to differ in D = 3 from the expected Ashtekar–Lewandowski Hilbert space. We comment on possible strategies to make a connection to the quadratic theory. Also, we comment on the relation of our proposals to the existing work in the spin foam literature and how these works could be used in the canonical theory. We emphasize that many ideas developed in this paper are certainly incomplete and should be considered as suggestions for possible starting points for more satisfactory treatments in the future.