Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title : The areal factor in lexical typology

Our study aims to explore how much information about areal patterns of colexification we can gain from lexical databases such as CLICS and ASJP. We adopt a bottom-up (rather than hypothesis-driven) approach, identifying areal patterns in three steps: (i) determine spatial autocorrelations in the data, (ii) identify clusters as candidates for convergence areas and (iii) test the clusters resulting from the second step controlling for genealogical relatedness. Moreover, we identify a (genealogical) diversity index for each cluster. This approach yields promising results, which we regard as a proof of concept, but we also point out some drawbacks of the use of major lexical databases.
Newly isolated yeasts from Tunisian microhabitats: Lipid accumulation and fatty acid composition

Newly isolated yeasts from different Tunisian microhabitats, such as soil, milk, olive brine, vinegar, and from olive mill wastewater‐contaminated biotopes were extensively studied for their biochemical arsenal and morphological features, i.e. cell, ascospore, and lipid body morphology. All strains were classified into the Ascomycota phylum. However, they showed great functional diversity, including different morphological and biochemical features, lipid production ability, and fatty acid profiles. Accordingly, the strains were placed in three different groups: Group I, which includes Candida species; Group II (Pichia and related); and Group III (Kluyveromyces marxianus strain CC1). Group I and II were characterized by a high percentage of oleic acid (41.6–65.3% of total lipids) while in Group III, linoleic acid was the major fatty acid (37.2%). Members of Group I and II were further grouped into subgroups according to their fatty acid composition. Among the newly isolated strains, Pichia etchellsii BM1 was able to accumulate around 25% wt/wt lipid per dry cell mass and thus characterized as oleaginous. Some other strains, such as Candida metapsilosis strain EL2, C. parapsilosis strain LV2, C. pararugosa strain BM24, and K. marxianus strain CC1, which are able to produce extracellular lipases, may be of interest for specific environmental applications and/or for the production of novel lipases.
A New High Speed Full Adder Cell

: This paper presents a low power 1-bit Full Adder with an improved performance. The proposed design overcomes the drawbacks of the Hybrid-CMOS Logic style and uses CMOS transmission gate and pass transistor based XOR-XNOR circuits to generate SUM and CARRY. The proposed full adder is compared with existing Hybrid CMOS 1-bit full adders. Based on the simulation results overall improvements of 60.77%, 0.25% and 60.84% are observed in delay, power consumption and power delay product respectively
Synaptic Signals from Glutamate-Treated Neurons Induce Aberrant Post-Synaptic Signals in Untreated Neuronal Networks

Background and Objective: Glutamate neurotoxicity is associated with a wide range of disorders and can impair synaptic function. Failure to clear extracellular glutamate fosters additional cycles and spread of regional hyperexcitation. Methods and Results: Using cultured murine cortical neurons, herein it is demonstrated that synaptic signals generated by cultures undergoing glutamate-induced hyperactivity can invoke similar effects in other cultures not exposed to elevated glutamate.
1 GLODAPv 2 . 2020 – the second update of GLODAPv 2

Are Olsen , Nico Lange , Robert M. Key , Toste Tanhua , Henry C. Bittig, Alex Kozyr, Marta Álvarez , Kumiko Azetsu-Scott, Susan Becker , Peter J. Brown, Brendan R. Carter , Leticia Cotrim da Cunha , Richard A. Feely , Steven van Heuven , Mario Hoppema , Masao Ishii , Emil Jeansson , Sara Jutterström , Camilla S. Landa , Siv K. Lauvset , Patrick Michaelis, 5 Akihiko Murata , Fiz F. Pérez , Benjamin Pfeil , Carsten Schirnick , Reiner Steinfeldt , Toru Suzuki , Bronte Tilbrook , Anton Velo , Rik Wanninkhof , Ryan J. Woosley 24
Accelerated rates of glycolysis in cardiac hypertrophy : are they a methodological artifact?

Glycolysis, measured by H.20 production from [5-H]-glucose, is accelerated in isolated working hypertrophied rat hearts. However, non-glycolytic detritiation of [5H]glucose by transaldolase in the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) could lead to an overestimation of true glycolytic rates. Since the PPP may be upregulated in cardiac hypertrophy, I tested the hypothesis that detritiation of [5-H]-glucose does not overestimate glycolysis in hypertrophied hearts and that accelerated rates of glycolysis reported in hypertrophied hearts are real and not artifactual. Glycolysis was measured by three independent methods in isolated working hearts from halothane-anesthetized shamoperated (Control) and aortic-constricted (Hypertrophy) rats. Two of the three methods determined glycolytic rates by quantifying the accumulation of glycolytic end products in timed collections of perfusate while the last method determined glycolytic rates by detritiation of [5-H]-glucose in the glycolytic pathway by production of H20. The first method involved enzymatic determination of lactate and pyruvate combined with rates of glucose oxidation. The second method involved determination of radiolabeled [ 1 C]lactate and [C]-pyruvate accumulation combined with rates of glucose oxidation. The third method, which measures glycolytic flux by metabolism of [5-H]-glucose, was in question and thus was used for comparison with the aforementioned alternative methods of determining glycolytic flux. Glycolysis was accelerated in hypertrophied hearts, regardless of the method used. There was also excellent concordance between the three methods with no significant differences in glycolysis detected between corresponding groups. Moreover, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and transaldolase expression, enzymes controlling key steps in the oxidative and non-oxidative PPP, respectively, were not different between control and hypertrophied hearts. Thus, nonglycotytic loss of 3 H20 from [5-H]-glucose is insignificant and 3 H20 production from [5-H]glucose is an accurate means to measure glycolysis in isolated working normal and hypertrophied rat hearts. Furthermore, the PPP does not appear to be increased in this model of cardiac hypertrophy.
Coronary Traffic Jam Caused by a Trifurcating Left Main in a Cardiac Arrest STEMI Patient

Case Report: A 64 year old male presented to the emergency room as a case of cardiogenic shock. He had history of previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to left anterior descending artery (LAD) two years ago.ECG taken at emergency room (ER) showed acute inferolateral ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Coronary angiogram (CAG) revealed trifurcating left main with ramus as the culprit lesion. PCI of trifurcating left main (LM) is a complex procedure. But the challenge was overlapping previous LAD stent in the setting of trifurcating left main with acute angles between LAD, Ramus and LCx with medina classification (1 1 0 1)
Supply-Chain Spillover Effects and the Interdependence of Firm Financing Decisions

We analyze spillover effects of supplier equity financing decisions to assess the importance of major trading relationships in creating interdependent valuation effects. We find supplier issuance decisions have important negative spillover effects for large customers, which are more pronounced as information asymmetry or economic dependence of suppliers and customers rises, relationship-specific investment increases, or more valuable product guarantees are offered. Furthermore, customer incentives to maintain supplier relationships are undercut by supplier equity financing decisions, leading to shorter post-issuance trading relationships and larger declines in relationship-specific investments. Our results provide strong evidence of financial and investment policy interdependence across major supply chain members.
Running head: PERCEIVING ACCULTURATION 1 Perceiving Acculturation from Neutral and Emotional Faces

Facial expressions of emotion convey more than just emotional experience. Indeed, they can signal a person’s social group memberships. For instance, extant research shows that “nonverbal accents” in emotion expression can reveal one’s cultural affiliation (Marsh, Elfenbein, & Ambady, 2003). That work only tested distinctions between people belonging to one of two cultural categories, however (Japanese vs. Japanese Americans). What of people who identify with more than one culture? Here, we tested whether nonverbal accents might signal not only cultural identification, but the degree of cultural identification (i.e., acculturation). Using neutral, happy, and angry photos of East Asian individuals varying in acculturation to Canada, we found that both Canadian and East Asian perceivers could accurately detect the targets’ level of acculturation. Although perceivers used hairstyle cues when available, once we removed hair, accuracy was greatest for happy expressions—supporting the idea that nonverbal accents convey cultural identification. Finally, the intensity of targets’ happiness related to both their selfreported and perceived acculturation, helping to explain perceivers’ accuracy and aligning with research on cultural display rules and ideal affect. Thus, nonverbal accents appear to communicate cultural identification not only categorically, as previous work has shown, but also continuously.
Study on the Bilingual Teaching of International Economics—Based on the Model of Outcome-Based Education

The Outcome-based Education (OBE) emphasizes outcome orientation, student-centered education and continuous improvement. It is considered the direction of excellence in education, and its core value lies in the introduction of a new quality culture for talents cultivation. Based on the teaching practice of International Economics, this paper studies the specific application of the OBE teaching philosophy according to the demand ofsocial and economic development for internationalized and application-oriented talents. Based on the analysis of the current problems in bilingual teaching, some countermeasures are put forward from the course objectives and outcomes, design of teaching process, design of evaluation system and construction of bilingual learning resources. It aims to establish an operational and replicable model for student-centered teaching and outcome-based learning, as well as cultivating application-oriented talents in the field of international business and economics.
A Conceptual Model for the E-Commerce Application Recommendation Framework using Exploratory Search

The users helped by the search engine for online transactions in e-commerce; nonetheless, there is still a lack of search interest from the user and online shopping intentions. To boost the user's search for product recommendations, use a search engine for the quest but not for purchasing purposes. Existing frameworks have some significant problems in the recommendation technology, such as new product problems, fewer evaluation problems, a vast amount of data, etc. Many e-commerce applications lack a better search experience like an Exploratory search system. This research work aims to create a conceptual model for recommendation systems using exploratory search, to study the behavior of users and the efficacy of exploratory search in terms of the quality of the search results produced. Several machine learning algorithms are used in this research to classify e-commerce products and evaluate the performance of these algorithms. The full-text search mechanism is used to implement an exploratory search system. The exploratory search system is evaluated by three criteria called to look up, learn and investigate. After the experiments and evaluation, it is observed that AdaBoost over decision tree performs better than the other classification algorithms implemented. The exploratory search system satisfies the three requirements that are lookup learn and investigate during the search process. Contributions to this work are to build a conceptual model for the recommendation system through the dataset of user events and finding the implementation of an exploratory search mechanism in an e-commerce application.
Trends and spatial shifts in lightning fires and smoke concentrations in response to 21st century climate over the national forests and parks of the western United States

Abstract. Almost USD 3 billion per year is appropriated for wildfire management on public land in the United States. Recent studies have suggested that ongoing climate change will lead to warmer and drier conditions in the western United States, with a consequent increase in the number and size of wildfires, yet large uncertainty exists in these projections. To assess the influence of future changes in climate and land cover on lightning-caused wildfires in the national forests and parks of the western United States and the consequences of these fires on air quality, we link a dynamic vegetation model that includes a process-based representation of fire (LPJ-LMfire) to a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem). Under a scenario of moderate future climate change (RCP4.5), increasing lightning-caused wildfire enhances the burden of smoke fine particulate matter (PM), with mass concentration increases of ∼53 % by the late 21st century during the fire season in the national forests and parks of the western United States. In a high-emissions scenario (RCP8.5), smoke PM concentrations double by 2100. RCP8.5 also shows enhanced lightning-caused fire activity, especially over forests in the northern states.
Employee Expenses, Operating Flexibility, and Expected Stock Returns

This paper offers a new measure for operating flexibility based on firms’ expenditures on their employees. Asset pricing literature has concentrated on labor unions that reduce firms' operating flexibility. However, even firms without major labor unions can be sensitive to human capital risks which affect operating flexibility. The contribution of this study is to show, in general, that expenditures on employees affect firms' operating flexibility and thus account for higher stock returns. This may well be the first paper to conduct time-series predictability tests of market returns for market operating leverage and to find a positive interaction in and out of sample.
Patterns of evolutionary tempo and mode in the radiation of Melanopsis (Gastropoda; Melanopsidae)

The Paratethyan basins of eastern Europe and western Asia became isolated from marine influence in the Late Miocene, and were the sites of several remarkable endemic radiations of brackish and freshwater organisms. Here I describe the patterns of tempo and mode before and during the radiation of the gastropod Melanopsis in the Pannonian basin of eastern and central Europe, and I explore the underlying mechanisms of evolutionary change. The most ancient melanopsid species in this area, M. impressa, was present in freshwater areas marginal to the basin well before the radiation. Widely spaced samples of M. impressa indicate that this species underwent a period of stasis lasting at least 7 m.y. The end of stasis corresponded with the extinction of the last of the normal marine fauna in the basin, suggesting that the lack of other fauna and/or reduced salinity in the basin permitted expansion of the melanopsids from the basin margins into the basin proper. Stasis ended with the onset of changes in size, shouldering, and ontogeny, which led eventually to M. fossilis. Change occurred over a 2-m.y. interval; a series of intermediates is present for all three characters. Within-sample correlations provide no evidence that the three characters are constructionally linked; instead they appear to be changing independently. The mode of change in the M. impressa–M. fossilis lineage appears to have been anagenetic. Alterations in the rate and direction of selection (and/or genetic links between characters) are probably required to explain the overall slowness of the change. Most Pannonian basin melanopsid species arose by rapid cladogenesis in the Middle Pannonian Stage. Physical factors in the basin probably influenced the timing of this diversification; contrasting patterns of variation and diversity between two melanopsid clades suggest that intrinsic factors influenced the extent of diversification.
Characterization of a virus causing tiger band disease in Indian oak tasar silkworm, Antheraea proylei (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

In recent years, the indigenous oak tasar silkworm germplasm source and cocoon production was drastically reduced due to virus causing tiger band disease. A granulovirus responsible for tiger band disease was identified from the infected Indian oak tasar silkworm, Antheraea proylei. The virus was designated as Antheraea proylei granulovirus Imphal (ApGVIMPL). The virus morphology, pathogenicity, mode of transmission and molecular characterization has been studied. The purified virus particles shape were found to be triangular, quadrangular, round, irregular and varies in their size ranging from 1.5 to 6.5 μm. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that each occlusion body contained 5 to 12 virions. Each virion had two rod shaped nucleocapsids. The identified virus is found to be highly pathogenic to larvae. The virus showed heavy gonadal infection; which clearly indicating the existence of vertical transmission mechanism. The virus exhibited typical granulovirus morphology as determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy studies. The genomic sequence of the virus is found to be highly divergent from the recognized granuloviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence showed that the virus represented a distinct lineage from the identified granulovirus isolates of Pieris brassicae, Pieris rapae, Spodoptera frugiferda and Cydia pomonella. Despite the low sequence homology, ApGV-IMPL is phylogenetically grouped closely, likely representing a novel and closely related group belonging to the genus Granulovirus.
Habitat diversity or area per se? species richness of woody plants, carabid beetles and land snails on Islands

SUMMARY (1) We examine patterns of species richness of woody plants, carabid beetles and land snails, respectively, on seventeen undisturbed forested islands (area range: 0-6-75 ha) in Lake Malaren, Sweden, in relation to area, isolation, vegetation structure, habitat diversity, habitat heterogeneity, and other factors. (2) The slopes of the species-area relations (z-values in the power model) are 0 10 for woody plants, 0-16 for land snails, 0-36 for carabid beetles, and 0-62 for forest birds. The z-values differ significantly from zero and also differ between all organism groups except woody plants and land snails on one hand, and land snails and carabid beetles on the other. (3) Island area is the best single predictor of species richness in the organism groups examined. Since habitat variables and island area are uncorrelated on the studied islands, we can reject the habitat diversity hypothesis as an explanation for the species-area relations found. (4) Total densities of woody plants and land snails were not correlated with island area, while the total density of carabid beetles was positively correlated with island area. (5) Islands with a high proportion of wet forests have relatively higher species richness of carabid beetles, and the number of land snail species relates positively to the proportion of deciduous forest. The patterns found are discussed in relation to general species richness theories.
Fundamentals to clinical application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy and radiotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy has made rapid progress over the past decade leading to high enthusiasm and interest worldwide. Codelivery of immunomodulators with chemotherapeutic agents and radioisotopes has been shown to elicit a strong and sustained immune response in animal models. Despite showing promising results in metastatic and recurrent cancers, the utilisation of immunotherapy in clinical settings has been limited owing to uncertainties in elicited immune response and occurrence of immune-related adverse events. These uncertainties can be overcome with the help of nanoparticles possessing unique properties for the effective delivery of targeted agents to specific sites. Nanoparticles play a crucial role in the effective delivery of cancer antigens and adjuvants, modulation of tumour microenvironment, production of long-term immune response and development of cancer vaccines. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of nanotechnology-based cancer immunotherapy and radiotherapy including basics of nanotechnology, properties of nanoparticles and various methods of employing nanoparticles in cancer treatment. Thus, nanotechnology is anticipated to overcome the limitations of existing cancer immunotherapy and to effectively combine various cancer treatment modalities.
The 6-minute walk-test in type 2 diabetics predicts to some extent maximal aerobic capacity but not its training-induced improvement

Objective: Six- minutes’ walk-test (6MWT) is a measure of physical fitness widely studied and validated in chronic pathologies with sedentary lifestyles. It is an aerobic fitness test, correlated with maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) in some studies, but this correlation is not well established in diabetes. We assessed the extent to which it predicts VO2max and its training-induced changes in type 2 diabetics. Materials and methods: Twenty-five type 2 diabetics were randomized and divided into two groups: 13 completed a physical training program (eight hospital education sessions continued at home through two weekly 30-45-minute sessions at an intensity corresponding to the first ventilatory threshold VT1) and the remaining 12 continued their usual treatment unchanged. Results: After 1 year training maintained maximum aerobic capacity, while it decreased significantly in the untrained group (p=0.014). Voorrips’ activity score was correlated with VO2max (r= 0.44, p= 0.05) and with the distance walked at 6MWT (r=0.446, p=0.05). The distance walked during 6MWT is correlated with VO2max before (r= 0.456 p= 0.05) and after (r= 0.714 p<0.001) and on all values measured before and after (r= 0.571 p= 0.01). The change in MWT does not predict that of VO2max to which it is not correlated (r=0.318; NS), but it is weakly correlated to that of the VT1 (r= 0.435 p-0.05) while the absolute values of VT1 and 6MWT are not correlated at all. 6MWT was not correlated with HbA1c. Conclusions: as in other sedentary populations, 6MWT is an indicator (approximate but easy and economical) of aerobic fitness. However, it does not measure training-induced changes in aerobic fitness, its variations being rather a marker of those of the first ventilatory threshold.
Grounded Response Generation Task at DSTC7

This paper offers and overview of the “Sentence Generation” task (Task 2) at the 7th Dialog System Technology Challenges (DSTC7). In this task, the goal is to generate conversational responses that go beyond chitchat, by producing informational responses that are grounded in external knowledge following the framework proposed by Ghazvininejad et al. [1]. We argue that such a grounding can empower end-to-end dialogue modeling research, so far overwhelmingly devoted to chit-chat, to produce informative and ultimately more useful dialogues. We received 26 system submissions from 7 teams, and evaluated them using both automatic and human evaluation. We discuss the outcomes of these two evaluations, noting the merits and drawback of each automatic metric based on their correlation with human judgments. Finally, we brieﬂy outline challenges for future work in grounded response generation.