Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tetratricopeptide repeat protein protects photosystem I from oxidative disruption during assembly

Significance Our results demonstrate that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CGL71, a tetratricopeptide repeat protein, is involved in protecting photosystem I from oxidative disruption during assembly; this process may reflect oxygen sensitivity of the iron sulfur clusters that are integral to the complex. During the early evolution of photosynthesis, the atmosphere of the Earth was anoxic, making protection of complexes and assembly processes from the highly reactive oxygen molecule unnecessary. However, as atmospheric oxygen accumulated, mechanisms and factors evolved to stabilize the complexes during assembly. This need for oxidative protection is not exclusive to the photosynthetic machinery but would apply to any complex with cofactors and features susceptible to oxidizing conditions. A Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant lacking CGL71, a thylakoid membrane protein previously shown to be involved in photosystem I (PSI) accumulation, exhibited photosensitivity and highly reduced abundance of PSI under photoheterotrophic conditions. Remarkably, the PSI content of this mutant declined to nearly undetectable levels under dark, oxic conditions, demonstrating that reduced PSI accumulation in the mutant is not strictly the result of photodamage. Furthermore, PSI returns to nearly wild-type levels when the O2 concentration in the medium is lowered. Overall, our results suggest that the accumulation of PSI in the mutant correlates with the redox state of the stroma rather than photodamage and that CGL71 functions under atmospheric O2 conditions to allow stable assembly of PSI. These findings may reflect the history of the Earth’s atmosphere as it transitioned from anoxic to highly oxic (1–2 billion years ago), a change that required organisms to evolve mechanisms to assist in the assembly and stability of proteins or complexes with O2-sensitive cofactors.
Population structure of Bathymodiolus manusensis, a deep-sea hydrothermal vent-dependent mussel from Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the western Pacific are increasingly being assessed for their potential mineral wealth. To anticipate the potential impacts on biodiversity and connectivity among populations at these vents, environmental baselines need to be established. Bathymodiolus manusensis is a deep-sea mussel found in close association with hydrothermal vents in Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea. Using multiple genetic markers (cytochrome C-oxidase subunit-1 sequencing and eight microsatellite markers), we examined population structure at two sites in Manus Basin separated by 40 km and near a potential mining prospect, where the species has not been observed. No population structure was detected in mussels sampled from these two sites. We also compared a subset of samples with B. manusensis from previous studies to infer broader population trends. The genetic diversity observed can be used as a baseline against which changes in genetic diversity within the population may be assessed following the proposed mining event.
Delay-Guaranteed Multicast Routing in Multi-Rate MANETs

Since the multi-rate enhancements have been implemented in wireless ad hoc networks (MANETs), QoS-constrained multicast protocols for multimedia communication should be adapted to exploit them fully for using more efficiently the limited resources. To build a multicast tree with delay-guaranteed, one-hop delay and end-to-end delay must be known. The one-hop delay is the transmission time at a given link connecting two neighboring hosts, and the end-to-end delay is the time taken for a data packet from a specific source to reach the destination node. However, how to calculate the above two delays using the IEEE 802.11 MAC is still a challenging problem, because the radio channel is shared among neighbors. Further, the multi-rate enhancements make it more difficult since the neighboring relation among hosts is varied with the transmission rates. In this paper, we first propose a method to estimate the one-hop delay based on varied transmission rates by monitoring the sensed busy/idle ratio of shared channel. Then, by its aid, another method is proposed to compute the end-to-end delay. Finally, we integrate the above two methods with a typical multicast routing protocol, ODMRP, for constructing a delayguaranteed multicast protocol. Simulation results show that the proposed method obtains more precise one-hop delay than a very recently work. Besides, the integrated protocol provides better delay guarantee than the existing protocol when the multicast traffic has delay requirement.
A Multimodal Dialogue System for Air Traffic Control Trainees Based on Discrete-Event Simulation

In this paper we present a multimodal dialogue system designed as a learning tool for air traffic control officer trainees (ATCO). It was developed using our discrete-event simulation dialogue management framework with cloud-based speech recognition and text-to-speech systems. Our system mimics pilots in an air traffic communication, allowing the ATCOs to practice a control of a virtual airspace using spoken commands from air traffic control English phraseology.
An X-Band Low Phase Noise Free-Running Oscillator Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Dual-Mode Bandpass Filter With Circular Cavity

In this letter, a low phase noise free-running oscillator employing a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) dual-mode bandpass filter (BPF) is presented. As a frequency stabilization element in the feedback loop, the dual-mode SIW BPF is designed at the oscillation frequency. Due to the transmission zero near the upper passband of the filter, a large group delay peak at the upper passband edge can be achieved to improve the phase noise performance significantly. An X-band oscillator using a SiGe HBT has been designed and experimentally demonstrated at 11.571 GHz. Measured results show that, the phase noise of this proposed oscillator is -135.5 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency with a figure of merit (FOM) of -206.2 dBc/Hz.
EFFECT OF LONG‐TERM SALBUTAMOL TREATMENT ON RENIN‐ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM IN TWIN PREGNANCY

Abstract. Plasma renin activity (PRA), urinary aldosterone excretion (dU‐Aldo), urinary electrolytes (dU‐Na, dU‐K) and plasma progesterone were studied weekly in 22 women with twin pregnancies for three weeks whilst on salbutamol therapy (=8 mg three times daily) in hospital. Fifteen patients in this group were treated with diuretics for on an average six weeks and the therapy continued. All the patients except three were treated also with depot‐formed oxyprogesterone during the study. As an additional control group ten twin pregnant women without any drug therapies were studied.
Bipolar Disorder: From Families to Genes

Background: Genetic factors are known to contribute to the etiology of bipolar illness, but the actual genetic mechanisms remain to be clarified. Methods: This paper reviews the research undertaken to establish the genetic basis of bipolar illness and to elucidate the nature of its genetic predisposition. Results: The presented findings suggest that bipolar affective disorder is a heterogeneous condition characterized by a complex relationship between the genetic susceptibility and the clinical presentation. Linkage studies have generated promising and replicated findings on chromosomes 18 and 21. Conclusion: In spite of the methodological difficulties inherent in the genetic study of psychiatric disorders, recent investigations have made important advances and promise to identify specific susceptibility genes.
EFFECTS OF ALFALFA GLYCOSIDES ON PERFORMANCE, SERUM LIPID AND CARCASS QUALITY IN BROILERS

Effect of crude alfalfa glycosides on growth performance,serum lipid and carcass merit in broilers have been studied in this paper.A total of 96 1-day healthy AA broilers of commercial strain were chosen in the experiment,the birds were divided into 3 groups:control,test groupⅠandⅡ,4 replicates of 8 birds were in a group.The total experimental time was 49 days.During 0～3 week,birds in test group ⅠandⅡ were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.1% crude alfalfa glycosides,respectively.During 4～6 week and the 7 week,birds in group Ⅰ were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.1% crude alfalfa glycosides,and the birds in group Ⅱwere fed basal diet supplemented with 0.2% crude alfalfa glycosides.The results showed that:(1)Dietary supplementation of crude alfalfa glycosides significantly decreased the FI of group Ⅰ comparing group Ⅱ(P0.01) and control(P0.05) in 4～6 week,but the performance differences of other groups in each period were not significant(P0.05). (2)Dietary supplementation of crude alfalfa glycosides significantly decreased serum TC,TG and LDL-C level(P0.05 or P0.01),and significantly increased serum HDL-C level(P0.05 or P0.01) in broilers.However,no significant differences were found between the two supplementary levels of crude alfalfa glycosides(P0.05). (3)Dietary supplementation of crude alfalfa glycosides significantly decreased abdomen fat rate(P0.05) and increased the dressing percentage,brisket rate and leg portion rate of broilers in different extent.
Investigation on the Human Body as A Monopole Antenna for Energy Harvesting

Energy harvesting from the ambient wireless electromagnetic energy has grown recently in the field of self-sustained and autonomous sensor networks. This technique needs to design a dedicated antenna to receive ambient power within the corresponding frequency band, which increases the designing difficulty and complexity of the system in most degrees. Besides, the available power in the low-frequency bands near 100 MHz is a good power source for energy harvesting. But there is less energy harvesting investigation focused on this frequency band due to the requirement of large size antenna. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of using the human body as a monopole antenna for energy harvesting in the frequency range of 20-120 MHz. A simulation platform based on HFSS software is built to optimize the performance of the human body antenna. Based on the optimum design of human body antenna, actual measurements in a general electromagnetic environment are carried out to measure the received power. The results showed that there are about −51dBm power and −48.67dBm power can be received at a frequency of 57.72 MHz and frequency band of 20 MHz-120 MHz respectively.
Effects of induction machines dynamics on power system stability

Analysis of stability is essential for power system planning and stable operation. The results of transient and steady-state stability studies depend on the appropriate choice of load models. This study investigates modeling issues of the induction motors that are used as a dynamic part of load models. Due to its superiority, we propose the application of the rotor speed frame based model of induction motors instead of a system frequency frame based model in power system stability simulations. A comparative study of steady-state stability of a power system is performed with different induction motor models. The implementation of lower-order models gives more optimistic results. A larger proportion of induction motor load degrades the stability of power systems. It is shown that a third-order model implemented in a rotor speed frame based system is most suitable for stability studies.
Coding response to a case-mix measurement system based on multiple diagnoses.

OBJECTIVE To examine the hospital coding response to a payment model using a case-mix measurement system based on multiple diagnoses and the resulting impact on a hospital cost model. DATA SOURCES Financial, clinical, and supplementary data for all Ontario short stay hospitals from years 1997 to 2002. STUDY DESIGN Disaggregated trends in hospital case-mix growth are examined for five years following the adoption of an inpatient classification system making extensive use of combinations of secondary diagnoses. Hospital case mix is decomposed into base and complexity components. The longitudinal effects of coding variation on a standard hospital payment model are examined in terms of payment accuracy and impact on adjustment factors. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Introduction of the refined case-mix system provided incentives for hospitals to increase reporting of secondary diagnoses and resulted in growth in highest complexity cases that were not matched by increased resource use over time. Despite a pronounced coding response on the part of hospitals, the increase in measured complexity and case mix did not reduce the unexplained variation in hospital unit cost nor did it reduce the reliance on the teaching adjustment factor, a potential proxy for case mix. The main implication was changes in the size and distribution of predicted hospital operating costs. CONCLUSIONS Jurisdictions introducing extensive refinements to standard diagnostic related group (DRG)-type payment systems should consider the effects of induced changes to hospital coding practices. Assessing model performance should include analysis of the robustness of classification systems to hospital-level variation in coding practices. Unanticipated coding effects imply that case-mix models hypothesized to perform well ex ante may not meet expectations ex post.
Line-Frequency Instability of PFC Power Supplies

Typically, a power-factor-correction (PFC) power supply consists of two stages, one responsible for PFC and the other for voltage regulation. In this paper, we propose to use a constant power sink to represent the voltage regulating stage, resulting in an analytically tractable model that is able to predict the period-doubled oscillations at line frequency that are not detectable by other conventional models. Using a generalized averaging approach, we investigate the low-frequency dynamics and derive closed-form stability conditions that accurately locate the stability boundaries on selected parameter planes. The model can be conveniently used to evaluate the performance of PFC power supplies, such as harmonic distortion and power factor. Experimental results are presented to verify the model.
Functional and Spatial Regulation of Mitotic Centromere- Associated Kinesin by Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1

ABSTRACT Mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK) plays an essential role in spindle formation and in correction of improper microtubule-kinetochore attachments. The localization and activity of MCAK at the centromere/kinetochore are controlled by Aurora B kinase. However, MCAK is also abundant in the cytosol and at centrosomes during mitosis, and its regulatory mechanism at these sites is unknown. We show here that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) phosphorylates T537 in the core domain of MCAK and attenuates its microtubule-destabilizing activity in vitro and in vivo. Phosphorylation of MCAK by Cdk1 promotes the release of MCAK from centrosomes and is required for proper spindle formation. Interfering with the regulation of MCAK by Cdk1 causes dramatic defects in spindle formation and in chromosome positioning. This is the first study demonstrating that Cdk1 regulates the localization and activity of MCAK in mitosis by directly phosphorylating the catalytic core domain of MCAK.
TapCon: Practical Third-Party Attestation for the Cloud

One way to establish trust in a service is to know what code it is running. However, verified code identity is currently not possible for programs launched on a cloud by another party. We propose an approach to integrate support for code attestation--authenticated statements of code identity--into layered cloud platforms and services. To illustrate, this paper describes TapCon, an attesting container manager that provides source-based attestation and network-based authentication for containers on a trusted cloud platform incorporating new features for code attestation. TapCon allows a third party to verify that an attested container is running specific code bound securely to an identified source repository. We also show how to use attested code identity as a basis for access control. This structure enables new use cases such as joint data mining, in which two data owners agree on a safe analytics program that protects the privacy of their inputs, and then ensure that only the designated program can access their data.
Virtual prototyping for biosystems: A spicy challenge

During the last decade, many applications at the interface between electronics and biotechnologies have emerged (biosensors, bioMEMS, lab-on-chip, etc.). The efficient design of such systems requires dedicated CAD tools. One way to achieve them is to extend existing design flow of electronics and to biochemical models. The solution suggested in this paper is a description language for biological systems. The description is a text file which looks like a netlist. It can then be translated directly into a SPICE equivalent model. The process is tested and validated on about twenty biological models from the literature. Moreover, the coupling between biological models generated by the tool and existing electronic device models is also demonstrated on the design of a penicillin sensor.
A Variable Step Size Riemannian Sum for an Itô Integral

We investigate the problem of using a Riemannian sum with random subintervals to approximate the iterated Itô integral ∫wdw - or, equivalently, solving the corresponding stochastic differential equation by Euler's method with variable step sizes. In the past this task has been used as a counterexample to illustrate that variable step sizes must be used with extreme caution in stochastic numerical analysis. This article establishes a class of variable step size schemes which do work.
The effect of adrenergic stimulation upon sweating in normal children and cystic fibrosis patients.

An abnormality of the autonomic nervous system has frequently been postulated as having a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. The author investigated the effects of adrenergic stimulation upon sweating in cystic fibrosis patients and in control subjects. It was found that the iontophoresis of isoproterenol, prior to the iontophoresis of pilocarpine, produces, in all subjects, more sweat than that produced by the iontophoresis of pilocarpine alone. In the cystic fibrosis patients, but not in the control subjects, the iontophoresis of isoproterenol led to a small (8.9%) but significant drop in the chloride concentration of the sweat. Sweating produced by the intracutaneous injection of isoproterenol, but not that produced by intracutaneous norepinephrine, could be blocked by the iontophoresis of atropine. This occurred in both cystic fibrosis patients and control subjects. These experimental results can be explained by hypothesizing that excessive water reabsorption occurs in the sweat duct of cystic fibrosis patients and that isoproterenol inhibits ductal water reabsorption in both the cystic fibrosis patients and the unaffected controls.
Design and implementation of Alamouti encoder for 4G wireless system

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are called to play a crucial role in fourth Generation (4G) wireless systems to provide advanced data services. This paper addresses the design and implementation of a MIMO encoder that is based on Alamouti scheme on a Xilinx® Virtex™−4 XC4VLX60 Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) device. This encoder is a part of MIMO testbed, equipped with multiple antennas at both ends of the link which appropriately encodes the modulated symbols to achieve both time and spatial diversity. In this paper, a comprehensive explanation of the complete design process is provided, including an illustration of the tools used in its development. The encoder for the MIMO testbed is developed based on modular design which simplifies system design, eases hardware update and facilitates testing the various modules in an independent manner.
Fast vision-based scene modeling for augmented reality in unprepared man-made environments

In this paper, we propose a general purpose Augmented Reality AR system that allows to add easily 3D computer generated CG objects into real man-made environments. Our system goes to a very intuitive and easy in situ 3D structure recovery of planar piecewise scenes without using powerful hardware nor commodity sensors. The user simply has to move the camera translation of the focus is mandatory and take two different pictures of the scene and our approach obtains a rough planar piecewise representation of the environment suitable to conduct multi-planar tracking for visual model-based augmented reality and to augment it with virtual objects coherently. Polyhedral representations of scenes are very convenient for manmade environments indoor e.g., offices, rooms, classrooms and outdoor e.g., looking at facades, floor, hence we focus the potential applications of our system to augment simple rooms or urban scenes with virtual imagery.
Robust and frequency-adaptive measurement of peak value

A new approach for measuring the peak value of the fundamental component of a distorted sinusoidal signal for power system applications is presented. The method is applicable to single-phase as well as three-phase systems. While maintaining structural simplicity, the proposed approach is highly robust with respect to noise and distortion due to disturbances and unbalanced conditions of the system. The method is also highly tolerant of uncertainties in the setting of its internal parameters. The salient feature of the proposed approach is its capability of adapting to the variations in the center frequency of the input signal. The method is suitable for environments that frequency excursions are experienced and conventional discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based methods do not provide satisfactory results. Speed and accuracy of the response can also be controlled. Structural simplicity and robustness of the proposed scheme make it well suited for digital implementation on software and hardware platforms. Performance of the proposed method is presented based on simulation studies in the MATLAB environment and an experimental setup.
NurA, a novel 5′–3′ nuclease gene linked to rad50 and mre11 homologs of thermophilic Archaea

We isolated and characterized a new nuclease (NurA) exhibiting both single‐stranded endonuclease activity and 5′–3′ exonuclease activity on single‐stranded and double‐stranded DNA from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Nuclease homologs are detected in all thermophilic archaea and, in most species, the nurA gene is organized in an operon‐like structure with rad50 and mre11 archaeal homologs. This nuclease might thus act in concert with Rad50 and Mre11 proteins in archaeal recombination/repair. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a 5′–3′ nuclease potentially associated with Rad50 and Mre11‐like proteins that may lead to the processing of double‐stranded breaks in 3′ single‐stranded tails.