Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Advocacy for Relocating Fishermen's Residences in Tambakrejo Village, Semarang City

The relocation of fishermen’s residences from the banks of the East Banjir Kanal river in Semarang City to new residential locations has resulted in a prolonged conflict between the local Government and the fishing community. Through a coalition of advocacy from various actors, the relocation was finally successfully implemented and accepted by all parties, although it took three years. This study aimed to describe and analyze the community’s reaction and the impact of the advocacy coalition on the policy of relocating fishermen’s residences in Tambakrejo Village. Phenomenological qualitative research methods were used, combined with a quantitative descriptive approach. The findings revealed that the community was initially hostile to the Government’s plan to relocate residents, with the main reason being that it was too far away from the sea, where they earned a living. The advocacy coalition led to the provision of new residential buildings for the fishermen and increased community satisfaction with the new housing. Keywords: policy advocacy, policy dynamics, relocation, community reaction, outcome of advocacy
Petroleum‐contamination drives the shift of microbiome through modifying soil metallome

Soil oil‐pollution is one of the most severe environmental issues at present. Shifts of soil metallome and microbiome are essential indicators for risk assessment and remediation of field soil pollutions. However, how soil metallome and microbiome react to petroleum‐contamination is not well studied. In this research, soil samples were collected from a short‐term and long‐term petroleum‐contaminated oil field. The soil physicochemical properties, metallome, microbiome, and soil microbial networks were investigated. Results showed that the contents of soil total petroleum hydrocarbon, total carbon, total nitrogen, total sulfur, total phosphorus, calcium, copper, manganese, lead, and zinc were increased by petroleum‐contamination because petroleum is rich in these elements. In contrast, the soil pH was lowered resulting from soil sulfur oxidation regardless of the petroleum pollution duration. Petroleum‐contamination also reduced bacterial and fungal α‐diversity indices because of the selective pressure of petroleum. Furthermore, bacterial α‐diversity was negatively correlated with soil total petroleum hydrocarbon content and electrical conductivity, and fungal α‐diversity was negatively correlated with soil electrical conductivity. Moreover, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Ascomycota, Oleibacter, and Fusarium in soil were increased by petroleum‐contamination. Network analysis showed that number of links, modules, and the network invulnerability decreased in short‐term contaminated soil, followed by the long‐term contaminated group, and the main reason should be the environmental disturbance caused by petroleum‐contamination. These results demonstrate that short‐term heavy petroleum contamination can cause shifts in soil physicochemical properties, metallome, and microbiome and assemble a less complex and vulnerable soil microbial network. Moreover, natural restoration can hardly amend soil properties and microbial network structure. This research emphasizes that the uncommonly studied soil metallome may play a vital part in the reaction of microbial communities to petroleum‐contamination.
Robot-assisted Knee Arthroplasty: Randomized Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis of the knee joint leads to a decrease in the volume of movements, a violation of the sliding of articular surfaces, and a change in the axis of the limb under load, which affects the biomechanics of walking. AIM: This study aims to compare the results of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and manual techniques, their influence on the biomechanical and podometric parameters of the patient’s walk. METHODS: A prospective randomized study of 68 patients was carried out in the period from 2020 to 2021. Our follow-up period was 1 year. All patients were performed arthroplasty of one knee joint. The main Group “A” included 33 patients TKA with the use of an active robotic setting “TSolution-One” (“THINK Surgical, Inc.” [Fremont, California, USA]); the comparison Group “B” consisted of 35 patients with manual technic of TKA. We studied pain syndrome on the visual analog scale, functional state on the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), the volume of ROM movements, and the deviation of the mechanical axis by teleroentgenography of the lower limb. Objective analysis of limb function was performed on the «Alter-G» and the «C-mill». RESULTS: Post-operative pain syndrome on the 1st day after surgery in Group A is stronger by 7.9%, but by the 5th day after surgery in Group A, the pain syndrome is lower by 14.3%. ROM in Group A is better by 16% by 3 months after surgery, after 1 year by 10%. The positioning accuracy of the implant in Group A is 30% better. There are no statistically significant differences in the OKS and WOMAC scales between the groups. The results of restoring normal step in Group A are 13.5% better than in Group B. CONCLUSIONS: Robot-assisted TKA gives more accurate alignment of the mechanical axis, which improves the biomechanics of walking.
The Effect Supervision on Teacher Performance through TPACK as Mediating Variable

The teacher as a component in the learning process has an important role in integrating technology in learning activities carried out in schools. The phenomenon that occurs when many teachers still have low competence is evidenced by the competency test scores that are still below standard. On the other hand, the demands of the 21st century require teachers to be able to combine learning with technology, therefore the application of TPACK in learning is considered relevant to the developments and demands of the times. This study aims to determine the effect of teacher training and supervision on teacher competence mediated by the TPACK variable. This research is a quantitative study with the required data in the form of numerical data. Data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to 100 teachers who were selected by simple random sampling technique. The data were analyzed using the structural technique Equation Model (SEM) assisted by the smart PLS application. The results showed that teacher training had a significant positive effect on teacher performance with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Teacher supervision has no significant positive effect on teacher performance with a p value of 0.329 (p> 0.05). Teacher training has a significant positive effect on TPACK competency with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Teacher supervision has a significant positive effect on TPACK with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05). TPACK is able to mediate the effect of training on teacher performance. with a p-value score of 0.000 (p <0.05). TPACK is able to mediate the effect of supervision on teacher performance with a p-value of 0.004 (p <0.05). In facing the development of science and technology, therefore teachers must be able to prepare themselves to develop teaching activities with science and technology.
Physical Activity Behaviors and Overweight Status among Iranian School-Aged Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Big Data Analysis

Background: We aimed to investigate school-aged students’ physical activity behaviors and overweight status during the COVID-19 quarantine. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire was utilized to measure participants’ physical activity behavior and overweight status during the COVID-19 quarantine in Iran (May of 2021). Participants self-reported their physical activity levels, types, amounts and locations, as well as whether or not they became overweight. The chi-square test was used to determine the differences in the distribution of the participant responses. The statistical significance level was set at P<0.05. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 43,660 school-aged students (15,532 boys and 28,128 girls). The age, weight, and height ranges were 8–17 yr, 18–144 kg, and 75–198 cm respectively. Half of the students reported changes in their body weight and became overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2=25514.4; P=0.001). Forty-one percent reported doing very little or no physical activity, 32% of students reported doing less than one hour of exercise per day (χ2=8547.7; P=0.001). The majority of students (72%) reported participating in physical activity at home (χ2=78851.2; P=0.001). Flexibility was the main kind of exercise performed, followed by walking or running, during the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2=24328.9; P=0.001). Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, half of the students became overweight, and the majority did not engage in regular physical activity. These findings can help guide efforts to protect and promote children’s health during the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as influence policies to reduce the risk of future pandemics.
An adaptive anti‐swing control for the helicopter slung‐load system based on trajectory planning and neural network

In this article, an adaptive anti‐swing control method based on trajectory planning and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is proposed for the unmanned helicopter slung‐load system with the external disturbances and the continuous system uncertainty. An online trajectory planning method is designed to obtain the desired position, velocity, and acceleration signals of the unmanned helicopter. Then, combining with RBFNN and sliding mode control method, the position loop controller of the unmanned helicopter is designed to make the swing angle stable, and the unmanned helicopter can also track the desired trajectory. The attitude loop controller is designed by sliding mode backstepping method and RBFNN. In the process of controller design, the adaptive laws are designed to adjust the influence of approximation error of RBFNN and the external disturbance. The stability of the closed‐loop system is proved by Lyapunov analysis. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed control strategy is effective.
Vitamin D and Parkinson’s Disease

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid, traditionally considered a key regulator of bone metabolism, calcium and phosphorous homeostasis. Its action is made possible through the binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR), after which it directly and indirectly modulates the expression of thousands of genes. Vitamin D is important for brain development, mature brain activity and associated with many neurological diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). High frequency of vitamin D deficiency in patients with Parkinson’s disease compared to control population was noted nearly twenty years ago. This finding is of interest given vitamin D’s neuroprotective effect, exerted by the action of neurotrophic factors, regulation of nerve growth or through protection against cytotoxicity. Vitamin D deficiency seems to be related to disease severity and disease progression, evaluated by Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale, but not with age of PD onset and duration of disease. Additionally, fall risk has been associated with lower vitamin D levels in PD. However, while the association between vitamin D and motor-symptoms seems to be possible, results of studies investigating the association with non-motor symptoms are conflicting. In addition, very little evidence exists regarding the possibility to use vitamin D supplementation to reduce clinical manifestations and disability in patients with PD. However, considering the positive balance between potential benefits against its limited risks, vitamin D supplementation for PD patients will probably be considered in the near future, if further confirmed in clinical studies.
Investigation of Book Reading Habits of Teacher Candidates

The aim of this study is to reveal the reading habits of teacher candidates. In the study, it was tried to determine what the pre-service teachers' reading habits were. In the research, open-ended questions developed by the researcher were presented to the teacher candidates as a data collection tool. In the research, using the interview method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, the data obtained from 40 teacher candidates studying in different departments of Gaziantep University in the 2020-2021 academic year were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the research, teacher candidates, regarding reading books; They stated that it benefits people in many ways. Teacher candidates participating in the research; They stated that they could not spare enough time for reading because of the exam rush, but they still tried to read books as regularly as they could. In addition, the teachers who participated in the research said that they mostly preferred sports books, personal development books and exam preparation books because of the kpss exam. In addition, it was concluded that reading books in the research group improves people's imagination, gains effective communication skills, and gains the ability to recognize and express themselves more effectively.
International perspectives on the participation of children and young people in the Global South

ABSTRACT This paper presents findings from a study exploring children’s participation and protection rights. The research was conducted by the International and Canadian Child Rights Partnership (ICCRP) – a multi-sectoral partnership, involving academic institutions, non-government organisations, and young people in five countries. Although funding came from a Canadian federal agency, partners adopted a decolonial approach to break down inequitable power dynamics. This approach ensured the usage of contextually relevant methods and that children’s voices were heard. This paper reports on findings in Brazil, China, and South Africa, where participatory methodologies were used, to explore how young people and adults conceptualise the experience of ‘participating together. ’ Our findings show that there is no single conceptualisation of participation that fits the different contexts where the ICCRP worked. In China, the emphasis is on education and respect for parents’ decisions about their lives; in South Africa, it is on respect and duty to elders and community; while in Brazil, participation relates to ‘protagonism’ where there is a rhetoric of young people’s autonomy in public policy. However, in all cases, intergenerational relations are dynamic and evolve over time. Additionally, individuals who experience meaningful participation in public spaces, change their attitude to participation in the private sphere.
High‐accuracy filtering‐based envelope generation and digital predistortion for wideband envelope tracking power amplifier

A high‐accuracy filtering‐based envelope generation technique for wideband envelope tracking power amplifiers (ET PAs) is proposed to improve PA efficiency with limited envelope bandwidth. It is achieved by optimizing the envelope generation block by employing three generalized rectification functions. The proposed envelope can be obtained by finding the proper coefficients in these generalized rectification functions. Furthermore, the digital predistortion can be employed to compensate for the nonlinearity and memory effect introduced by the proposed envelope. Experiments have been carried out on an ET system that is operated with the center frequency of 3.5 GHz, which have shown that the proposed technique can improve the PA efficiency by more than 2.2% with only 1.2× the modulated bandwidth compared to the state‐of‐the‐art methods. The normalized mean square error can achieve −44.8 dB, and the adjacent channel leakage ratio can achieve better than −52 dBc. The proposed technique can improve the PA efficiency with limited envelope bandwidth compared to the state‐of‐the‐art techniques, and the PA supplied by the proposed envelope can be linearized well, while it may cost more resources to find the proper coefficients of these three generalized rectification functions.
Lineage diversity within a widespread endemic Australian skink to better inform conservation in response to regional‐scale disturbance

Abstract Much attention is paid in conservation planning to the concept of a species, to ensure comparability across studies and regions when classifying taxa against criteria of endangerment and setting priorities for action. However, various jurisdictions now allow taxonomic ranks below the level of species and nontaxonomic intraspecific divisions to be factored into conservation planning—subspecies, key populations, evolutionarily significant units, or designatable units. Understanding patterns of genetic diversity and its distribution across the landscape is a key component in the identification of species boundaries and determination of substantial geographic structure within species. A total of 12,532 reliable polymorphic SNP loci were generated from 63 populations (286 individuals) covering the distribution of the Australian eastern three‐lined skink, Bassiana duperreyi, to assess genetic population structure in the form of diagnosable lineages and their distribution across the landscape, with particular reference to the recent catastrophic bushfires of eastern Australia. Five well‐supported diagnosable operational taxonomic units (OTUs) existed within B. duperreyi. Low levels of divergence of B. duperreyi between mainland Australia and Tasmania (no fixed allelic differences) support the notion of episodic exchange of alleles across Bass Strait (ca 60 m, 25 Kya) during periods of low sea level during the Upper Pleistocene rather than the much longer period of isolation (1.7 My) indicated by earlier studies using mitochondrial sequence variation. Our study provides foundational work for the detailed taxonomic re‐evaluation of this species complex and the need for biodiversity assessment to include an examination of cryptic species and/or cryptic diversity below the level of species. Such information on lineage diversity within species and its distribution in the context of disturbance at a regional scale can be factored into conservation planning regardless of whether a decision is made to formally diagnose new species taxonomically and nomenclaturally.
A Comprehensive Review of Metal–Organic Framework: Synthesis, Characterization, and Investigation of Their Application in Electrochemical Biosensors for Biomedical Analysis

Many studies have addressed electrochemical biosensors because of their simple synthesis process, adjustability, simplification, manipulation of materials’ compositions and features, and wide ranges of detection of different kinds of biomedical analytes. Performant electrochemical biosensors can be achieved by selecting materials that enable faster electron transfer, larger surface areas, very good electrocatalytic activities, and numerous sites for bioconjugation. Several studies have been conducted on the metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrode modifiers for electrochemical biosensing applications because of their respective acceptable properties and effectiveness. Nonetheless, researchers face challenges in designing and preparing MOFs that exhibit higher stability, sensitivity, and selectivity to detect biomedical analytes. The present review explains the synthesis and description of MOFs, and their relative uses as biosensors in the healthcare sector by dealing with the biosensors for drugs, biomolecules, as well as biomarkers with smaller molecular weight, proteins, and infectious disease.
Cover crop effects on soil structure and early sugar beet growth

Cover crops can improve soil properties, especially soil structure, through organic matter input and rooting activity. However, large variations exist among cover crops, which may lead to differences in the extent of these effects. In this study, cover crops with differing properties were compared regarding soil structure and subsequent sugar beet growth. Field experiments were conducted at two Luvisol sites in Central Germany. Four cover crops (oil radish, saia oat, spring vetch and winter rye) were compared with fallow. Cover crop effects on soil water, Nmin content, soil structure and subsequent early sugar beet growth were studied. Additionally, sugar beet received either no or optimal N fertilizer application. Rye and radish had the highest and vetch the lowest above‐ and belowground biomass. Soil water content was hardly affected by cover cropping, while topsoil Nmin contents in April were increased. Penetration resistance was lowered, and aggregate stability was increased by the cover crops, especially oil radish, while values after spring vetch were similar to those of fallow. Differences among the cover crops might be because of a differing root biomass. Independent of N fertilizer application, sugar beet biomass in May tended to be higher after all cover crops, in particular under oil radish. The higher aggregate stability and lower penetration resistance were found to be beneficial for early sugar beet growth. Thus, sugar beet can benefit from a 1‐year cultivation of preceding cover crops. Modifications of this effect through cover crop root biomass and architecture as well as repeated cover cropping need to be investigated in further studies.
Haplotype analysis of the mitochondrial DNA d‐loop region reveals the maternal origin and historical dynamics among the indigenous goat populations in east and west of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Abstract This study aimed at assessing haplotype diversity and population dynamics of three Congolese indigenous goat populations that included Kasai goat (KG), small goat (SG), and dwarf goat (DG) of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The 1169 bp d‐loop region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced for 339 Congolese indigenous goats. The total length of sequences was used to generate the haplotypes and evaluate their diversities, whereas the hypervariable region (HVI, 453 bp) was analyzed to define the maternal variation and the demographic dynamic. A total of 568 segregating sites that generated 192 haplotypes were observed from the entire d‐loop region (1169 bp d‐loop). Phylogenetic analyses using reference haplotypes from the six globally defined goat mtDNA haplogroups showed that all the three Congolese indigenous goat populations studied clustered into the dominant haplogroup A, as revealed by the neighbor‐joining (NJ) tree and median‐joining (MJ) network. Nine haplotypes were shared between the studied goats and goat populations from Pakistan (1 haplotype), Kenya, Ethiopia and Algeria (1 haplotype), Zimbabwe (1 haplotype), Cameroon (3 haplotypes), and Mozambique (3 haplotypes). The population pairwise analysis (FST ) indicated a weak differentiation between the Congolese indigenous goat populations. Negative and significant (p‐value <.05) values for Fu's Fs (−20.418) and Tajima's (−2.189) tests showed the expansion in the history of the three Congolese indigenous goat populations. These results suggest a weak differentiation and a single maternal origin for the studied goats. This information will contribute to the improvement of the management strategies and long‐term conservation of indigenous goats in DRC.