Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of exercise on the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and exercise programming recommendations: a qualitative study

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses are on the rise, yet there is a lack of research on alternative methods of treatments. Recommendations for exercise and physical activity are common in the treatment of depression and anxiety (Dunn et al., 2005) and, due to similarities in symptoms, may be valuable for individuals with PTSD as well. To our knowledge, no study has been conducted interviewing individuals with PTSD about their present and past exercise habits and how these have affected their symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to understand different approaches to exercise and physical activity for individuals with PTSD and how exercise can ameliorate their associated symptoms. Participants were recruited through social media, flyers, and word of mouth. Ten participants with self-reported PTSD were interviewed about their exercise and physical activity habits and how it affects their symptoms. Findings included two themes: Exercise and Well-Being. Each theme was comprised of additional categories. Using these findings, a theoretical framework for exercise programming for this population is suggested. All participants reported that exercise/physical activity helped reduce the severity of their symptoms associated with PTSD. *This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Primary School Teachers' Experience of Mathematics Education.

Researchers and policy makers agree that all children can learn mathematics and that teachers play an important role in student learning. This phenomenological study interviewed 12 primary school teachers, providing insights into their experience and perspectives of mathematics education, highlighting the challenges and successes experienced by teachers. These insights provide a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the relationships and tensions between teachers, students and context, and promote conversations about what success in mathematics looks like and how it can be best supported. It is hoped that this could ultimately be of benefit for student outcomes.
Phylogenetic relationship of the genus Scorzoneroides (Compositae) inferred from plastid and low-copy nuclear markers, and karyological data

Fruhere Untersuchungen der molekularen Phylogenie der Gattung Leontodon mit Markern aus dem Chloroplastengenom und dem nuklearen ribosomalen DNA-Marker ITS fuhrten zu einer Neuordnung der Gattung Leontodon. Leontodon subgenus Oporinia wurde durch diese molekularen Informationen zur Gattung Scorzoneroides erhoben. In unserem Projekt sollen die Chloroplasten-DNA Daten zum einen vorhergegangene Ergebnisse bestatigen, und zum anderen eine zusatzliche Informationsquelle darstellen. 11 universelle Marker des Plastidengenoms wurden an je 17 Spezies auf ihre Applizierbarkeit, ihren Sequenzabgleich sowie ihren Informationsgehalt untersucht, daraus wurden die drei besten Regionen verwendet . Sieben nukleare Genregionen wurden untersucht, um einen moglichen hybriden Ursprung einzelner Arten der Gattung Scorzoneroides aufzuklaren. Zwei Regionen des nuklearen Genoms, GAPDH und A39 konnten teilweise direkt sequenziert werden. Um die erhaltenen Sequenzen zu verbessern, wurden fur beide Marker zusatzliche, interne Primer erzeugt. In beiden Regionen wurden polymorphe Sequenzen gefunden, welche durch Klonierung getrennt werden sollten. 180 Klon-Kolonien (96 fur GAPDH, 84 fur A39) wurden in weiterer Folge sequenziert, um die unterschiedlichen Fragmente zu erhalten. Eine Chromosomenzahl konnte bei vier annuellen Spezies der Gattung ermittelt werden. Scorzoneroides besitzt eine Basischromosomenzahl von x=6, bei zwei der untersuchten Arten konnten Abweichungen festgestellt werden. Hier betragt die Chromosomenzahl x=5. Die ermittelte Genomgrose fur 8 aus 9 verfugbaren Spezies ist relativ klein und belauft sich auf Werte zwischen 1C=1.24pg und 1C=1.87pg.
Learning from Sociability-Intensive Organizations: An Ethnographic Study in a Coffee Organization

Sociability is quintessential to some types of organizations, such as cafes, clubs, sports associations, gyms, bars, nightclubs, and festivals. If sociability is broadly theorized and discussed in the Social Sciences, it is indirectly, fragmentally, and diffusely considered in Organization Studies. Our study aims to theorize on the centrality of sociability within organizations by developing the concept of sociability-intensive organization and by discussing its effects in terms of organizing and organizational space. We have produced three main conceptual axis: relation, experiences of space, and ambience. Based on an ethnographic study, sociability-intensive organizations are conceptualized from three organizing processes: the fabrication of spontaneity, the fluidity of spatiality, and the fertilization of dialogue. These processes emerge from the ethnographic interpretation and contribute to theorize sociability as a paramount key for understanding organizations.
High mobility reduces beta‐diversity among orthopteran communities – implications for conservation

Abstract. 1. The analysis of β‐diversity, i.e. species turnover, across space is central to a wide array of ecological and evolutionary topics, also providing critical information to conservation planning. Although dispersal limitation has been demonstrated to play an important role in determining insect community structure, very little research has been done to test whether mobility might affect the diversity distribution of species across multiple spatial scales.
Differential induction of superoxide dismutase in Coffea arabica-Hemileia vastatrix interactions.

Coffee – rust interactions are governed by the gene-for-gene relationship, the resistance of coffee plants characterized by rapid plant cell death (hypersensitive reaction – HR). Previous cytological studies using scavengers of active oxygen species, showed that the superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly inhibited the cell death, suggesting the involvement of the anion radical O2 in the HR. This work aims to understand the role of SOD in coffee resistance. Differential induction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was observed in compatible and incompatible Coffea arabicaHemileia vastatrix interactions. In the incompatible interaction a peak of SOD activity was detected around 17-24 hours after inoculation, prior to cell death observation. On the contrary, in the compatible interaction no significant changes in SOD activity was observed at this early stage of the infection process. Native PAGE analysis showed at least six isoenzymes of SOD, tree of which were CuZn-SOD, one was Mn-SOD and two Fe-SOD. The isoenzyme pattern of SOD obtained by IEF showed at least three groups of SOD isoenzymes with a pI of 5.4, 4.9 and 4.7 respectively. The involvement of SOD in coffee-rust interactions will be discussed.
Molecular analysis of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from infected dairy goats

Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of mastitis in dairy goats and is globally recognized as a significant mastitis-causing pathogen in dairy animals. Previous studies have established it as the causative agent of various human disorders, including food poisoning and Staphylococcal enterotoxins. Furthermore, poor sanitary conditions suit infection by this bacterium. This study determined the occurrence of S. aureus in infected dairy goats by molecular analysis. A hundred raw milk samples were collected from two infected dairy goat breeds (Beetal = 71; Teddy = 29) and cultured on blood agar media. The strain identified as S. aureus by morphological method (Gram staining), biochemical tests (catalase and coagulase) and further identified through molecular method using the 16SrRNA gene. Overall, 58 (Beetal = 45; Teddy = 13) out of 100 raw milk samples (58%) were found to be positive for S. aureus. Further, ten samples of fresh milk positive for other microbial species including S. hominis, S. capitis and S. lentus were isolated. The 16SrRNA gene was sequenced of fifteen S. aureus isolates representing various geographical regions. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the 16SrRNA gene. In conclusion, S. aureus was more prevalent in the raw milk samples of the infected goats and acted as an etiologic agent of mastitis in the dairy goats. Hence, more measures that are hygienic should be implemented to improve milk quality and to prevent S. aureus contamination.
Population density estimation of southern stingrays Dasyatis americana on a Caribbean atoll using distance sampling

The southern stingray Dasyatis americana is a benthic mesopredator found in varying densities throughout Caribbean shallow reef systems, yet despite its increasing inclusion in fisheries, many aspects of its population ecology are still unknown. Belt transects and distance sampling techniques were used to estimate seasonal abundance of an unexploited, isolated population of southern stingrays in lagoon and forereef habitats at Glovers Reef Atoll, Belize. Southern stingrays were the most abundant elasmobranch in both shallow lagoon margin (< 5 m) and shallow forereef (< 15 m) habitats in all sampling seasons. Lagoon density showed no seasonal variation and was estimated at 245 (95% CI 226–265) individuals per km2. Forereef sampling indicated lower densities compared with the lagoon habitat, as well as seasonality with a significantly lower stingray density in November of 25 (16–37) compared with either of the April surveys of 100 (71–141) and 78 (53–116). Total population size for all lagoon habitat was estimated as ~8400 stingrays (7700–9100, 4%CV). This is the first study known to utilize distance sampling techniques on benthic elasmobranchs. Absolute estimates of population density are crucial in wildlife management and will be an important tool in tracking community and trophic dynamics in affected systems of declining top predators, particularly in species devoid of natural identifying marks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS IN THE HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE ON THE ACCUMULATION OF DEFENSE-RELATED TRANSCRIPTS IN POWDERY MILDEW-INFECTED BARLEY

Effective race-specific resistance genes (R-genes) against Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh) in barley determine spatial and temporal variation of the hypersensitive response (HR). This study investigated if different fast and slow acting HR, mediated by Mla R-genes in barley will influence the expression of nine commonly induced defense-response genes at time points that coincide with Bgh penetration and hyphal formation. Mla1 resistance was characterized by a fast and significant increase in the death of single Bgh-attacked epidermal cells in response to Bgh isolate C15, whereas Mla3 resistance was characterized by a slow increase in mesophyll multiple cell death in response to Bgh isolate A6. The reciprocal interactions result in compatible interactions. Using such experimental set-up, we partitioned the source of variation in gene expression and found that three genes were affected in a Bgh isolate-dependent manner, and five genes were affected in a host-dependent manner, regardless of the compatibility of the interaction. The results from this study show that the differential expression of many Bgh-responsive defense genes in barley does not necessarily correlate with the spatial and temporal variations in HR, but can be significantly influenced by: (i) the low genetic variability in the near isogenic lines or (ii) differences in the aggressiveness of pathogenic isolates. However, among the nine genes, expression of BAX inhibitor-1 (BI-1), correlated strongly with the timing of cellular events leading to HR in an interaction- specific manner, suggesting that BI-1 could be used as a HR marker in barley.
Assessing Egocentered Social Networks in formr: A Tutorial

In psychological science, ego-centered social networks are assessed to investigate the patterning and development of social relationships. In this approach, a focal individual is typically asked to report the people they interact with in specific contexts and to provide additional information on those interaction partners and the relationships with them. Although ego-centered social networks hold considerable promise for investigating various interesting questions from psychology and beyond, their implementation can be challenging. This tutorial provides researchers with detailed instructions on how to set up a study involving ego-centered social networks online using the open-source software formr. By including a fully functional study template for the assessment of social networks and extensions to this design, we hope to equip researchers from different backgrounds with the tools necessary to collect social-network data tailored to their research needs.
Morphological characteristics of Vaccinium xintermedium Ruthe

Vaccinium ×intermedium Ruthe, the hybrid of V. myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea, by contrast with the parental species is very rare plant and has a discontinuous geographical range in north-western Europe. This paper describes the morphology of V. ×intermedium from Polish populations occurring in part of Pomeranian Lakeland in comparison with both parent species. The results presented here confirm the suggestions of earlier research that V. ×intermedium displays intermediate characteristics of leaf and floral morphology concordant with hybrid status. Also, is discussed the problem of the isolating mechanisms between parent species and hybrid’s ecology. Additional key words: hybrid bilberry, hybridisation, morphology of leaves and flowers, taxonomical status, Poland Address: A. Ponikierska, W. Gugnacka-Fiedor*, M. Piwczyński, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Plant Taxonomy & Geography, N. Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruń, Poland. *corresponding author: e-mail: wgfiedor@biol.uni. torun.pl
Vitamin E inhibits apoptosis of human CD34+-derived erythroid progenitor cells obtained from healthy adults

Inhibition of proapoptotic proteins by various intra- and extracellular factors have been shown to cause increased survival of EPCs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E on Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α)-induced apoptosis of CD34+- derived EPCs of healthy human adults. CD34+- derived EPCs were isolated from human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMNCs) and treated in vitro with various concentrations of TNF-α to determine the dose inducing maximum apoptosis. EPCs were incubated at various concentrations of vitamin E or Erythropoietin (EPO) as control for 4 hours before adding 100 ng/mL of TNF-α (a dose producing maximum apoptosis). After 24-hour incubation, quantification of percentage of EPCs undergoing apoptosis was carried out by FITC-Annexin V and PI staining followed by flow cytometry. In a dose-dependent manner, TNF-α alone increased the percentage of early and late apoptosis of treated CD34+- derived EPCs. There was a significant difference in the mean percentage of TNF-α-induced apoptotic CD34+-derived EPCs in early and late apoptosis by vitamin E treatment (p value= 0.080) which was higher in early as compared to late apoptosis. There was a significant difference in the percentages of TNF-α induced early and late apoptosis of CD34+- derived EPCs by vitamin E treatment or EPO treatment when analyzed for a statistical interactive effect on early and late apoptosis and drug concentration (p value < 0.001). The study suggests a positive role of vitamin E in decreasing TNF-α induced apoptosis of CD34+- derived EPCs from healthy human adults.
Lipase‐catalyzed synthesis of glucose‐6‐O‐hexanoate in deep eutectic solvents

Enzymatic synthesis of sugar fatty acid esters in organic solvents is a well-described procedure to synthesize glycolipids. This study aims at replacing these solvents with deep eutectic solvents (DES), a group of solvents that gained more and more interest during the last years, since they can be easily produced from non-toxic resources. Enzymatic glycolipid synthesis in deep eutectic solvents was investigated, employing Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozyme 435) in various deep eutectic solvents. A successful lipase-catalyzed synthesis of glucose fatty acid esters gave proof of this concept, while using the two deep eutectic solvents consisting of choline chloride and urea (CC : U) and choline chloride and glucose (CC : Glc). Additionally the DES consisting of choline chloride and glucose was observed to act as solvent and substrate for the synthesis at the same time. 1 Practical applications Glycolipids find applications in many everyday products like cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations, food and classic cleaning products, utilizing their good detergent or emulsification properties. Glycolipids can, among other routes, be synthesized via lipase-catalyzed reactions, which are often carried out in organic solvents. By replacing these organic solvents with more ecologically friendly solvents like deep eutectic solvents, the reaction might be improved and the amount of waste produced could be reduced. The lipase-catalyzed synthesis of glucose-6-O-hexanoate employing glucose and vinyl hexanoate in different deep eutectic solvents was demonstrated within the manuscript.
Effects of Transgenic Rice on Life History Traits of Daphnia magna in Life Table Experiments

To investigate the impacts of transgenic rice on freshwater organisms, we conducted two life table experiments using Daphnia magna for fifteen and twenty days, respectively. We examined life history traits such as population growth rates (r), reproductive rates (Ro), generation times, and survivorship. In the first experiment, we used non-drought-stressed transgenic and non-transgenic rice harvested in 2005. In the second study, we used non-transgenic and transgenic rice harvested in 2006 following drought stress. Each experiment involved three treatments in which D. magna neonates were fed with Selenastrum capricornutum (control treatment) and S. capricornutum with 5% aqueous extracts of non-transgenic rice (N-T) and transgenic rice (T). In the first experiment, D. magna showed reduced population growth rates and lowered fecundity in the N-T and T treatments. In the second experiment, D. magna receiving both transgenic and non-transgenic rice extracts showed very high mortality, low population growth rates and reproduction rates. We could not detect any significant negative effects of extracts from transgenic rice on D. magna life history traits at 95%.
Characterization of RhoA-binding Kinase ROKα Implication of the Pleckstrin Homology Domain in ROKα Function Using Region-specific Antibodies*

Rho-binding kinase α (ROKα) is a serine/threonine kinase with multiple functional domains involved in actomyosin assembly. It has previously been documented that the C terminus part of ROKα interacts with the N-terminal kinase domain and thereby regulates its catalytic activity. Here we used antibodies against different domains of ROKα and were able to reveal some structural aspects that are essential for the specific functions of ROKα. Antibodies against the kinase domain revealed that this part of the protein is highly complex and inaccessible. Further experiments confirmed that this domain could undergo inter- and intramolecular interactions in a complex manner, which regulates the kinase catalytic activity. Other antibodies that raised against the coiled-coil domain, Rho binding domain, and the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain were all effective in recognizing the native proteins in an immunoprecipitation assay. Only the anti-Rho binding domain antibodies could activate the kinase independent of RhoA. The PH antibodies had no apparent effects on the catalytic activity but were effective in blocking actomyosin assembly and cell contractility. Likewise, mutations of the PH domains can abrogate its dominant negative effects on actin morphology. The subsequent disruption of endogenous ROK localization to the actomyosin network by overexpressing the PH domain is supportive of a role of the PH domain of ROK in targeting the kinase to these structures.
Hemispheric Brain Preference and Academic Parameters in Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Hemispheric brain preference means using one side of the brain over the other to learn. Hemispheric brain preference may influence one’s learning style. This study aimed to investigate hemispheric brain preference and its relation with academic parameters in medical students. Methods: Four hundred participants were included in the study by cluster random sampling. Using self-administered questionnaires, data on personal profile (name, age, sex, handedness, academic score, study method, study hours per day and study pattern) and hemispheric brain dominance was collected. Open Hemispheric Brain Dominance Scale 1.0 (2015) was used to determine the hemispheric brain dominance. Result: Participants having no clear hemispheric brain preference (46.75%) were in majority followed by those with left hemispheric brain preference (29.25%) and then those with right hemispheric brain preference (24%). There was a statistically significant difference in academic score of students with different hemispheric brain preference (p=0.021). Students with left brain preference had the highest academic score (63.85±11.78) and those with no clear preference had the lowest (59.96±11.64). Also, students with left hemispheric brain preference would study more regularly and would spend more time in study per day. Conclusion: In our sample, participants with left hemispheric brain preference were found to have the highest mean academic score but they also spent more time in study and also studied regularly throughout the semester. As this study shows diversity in brain preference among medical students, we recommend a good mix of various teaching learning methods for better learning of the entire class.
Novel approach to assess the representativeness and methodologies to design an environmental observatory network

Environmental observatory networks (EONs) are coordinated efforts to provide knowledge that ultimately delivers transformational ecological science from regional to global scales. We used ecosystem functional types (EFTs), a time varying land surface classification, as an alternative way to characterize ecosystem functional heterogeneity based on carbon uptake dynamics. We assessed the representativeness of the eddy-covariance sites of AmeriFlux and NEON, and their combined core sites (i.e., sites with long-term support) across the conterminous United States (CONUS) based on: a) the number of different EFT categories (EFTmode) represented by each network, b) representativeness of the EFT inter-annual variability (EFTint; number of unique EFTs within each pixel during years 2001–2014), and c) the spatial representation of EFTmode and EFTint based on a maximum entropy approach (i.e., spatial functional heterogeneity). AmeriFlux represents 50% of all possible EFT categories, includes most of EFTint values (9 out of 14), and represents 55% of the spatial functional heterogeneity across CONUS. NEON represents 23% of all possible EFT categories, 7 out of 14 possible EFTint values, and 23% of the spatial functional heterogeneity across CONUS. The combined effort of AmeriFlux and NEON core sites represents 33% of all possible EFT categories, 7 out of 14 possible EFTint values, and 46% of the spatial functional heterogeneity across CONUS. We used the NEON ecoclimatic domains to summarize our results within a geographical context. The least represented NEON ecoclimatic domains were Desert Southwest, Southern Rockies and Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, Northern Plains, and Central Plains. Our results provide insights about the potential of AmeriFlux to address questions regarding