Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Absence of a four-body Efimov effect in the 2 + 2 fermionic problem

In the free three-dimensional space, we consider a pair of identical $\uparrow$ fermions of some species or in some internal state, and a pair of identical $\downarrow$ fermions of another species or in another state. There is a resonant $s$-wave interaction (that is of zero range and infinite scattering length) between fermions in different pairs, and no interaction within the same pair. We study whether this $2+2$ fermionic system can exhibit (as the $3+1$ fermionic system) a four-body Efimov effect in the absence of three-body Efimov effect, that is the mass ratio $\alpha$ between $\uparrow$ and $\downarrow$ fermions and its inverse are both smaller than 13.6069{\ldots}. For this purpose, we investigate scale invariant zero-energy solutions of the four-body Schr\"odinger equation, that is positively homogeneous functions of the coordinates of degree {$s-7/2$}, where $s$ is a generalized Efimov exponent {that becomes purely imaginary in the presence of a four-body Efimov effect. } Using rotational invariance in momentum space, it is found that the allowed values of $s$ are such that $M(s)$ has a zero eigenvalue; here the operator $M(s)$, that depends on the total angular momentum $\ell$, acts on functions of two real variables (the cosine of the angle between two wave vectors and the logarithm of the ratio of their moduli), and we write it explicitly in terms of an integral matrix kernel. We have performed a spectral analysis of $M(s)$, analytical and for an arbitrary imaginary $s$ for the continuous spectrum, numerical and limited to $s = 0$ and $\ell \le 12$ for the discrete spectrum. We conclude that no eigenvalue of $M(0)$ crosses zero over the mass ratio interval $\alpha \in [1, 13.6069\ldots]$, even if, in the parity sector $(-1)^{\ell}$, the continuous spectrum of $M(s)$ has everywhere a zero lower border. As a consequence, there is no possibility of a four-body Efimov effect for the 2+2 fermions. We also enunciated a conjecture for the fourth virial coefficient of the unitary spin-$1/2$ Fermi gas, inspired from the known analytical form of the third cluster coefficient and involving the integral over the imaginary $s$-axis of $s$ times the logarithmic derivative of the determinant of $M(s)$ summed over all angular momenta. The conjectured value is in contradiction with the experimental results.
A comprehensive Review on Bidirectional Traction Converter for Electric Vehicles

In this fast-changing environmental condition, the effect of fossil fuel in vehicle is a significant concern. Many sustainable sources are being studied to replace the exhausting fossil fuel in most of the countries. This paper surveys the types of electric vehicle’s energy sources and current scenario of the on-road electric vehicle and its technical challenges. It summarizes the number of state-of-the-art research progresses in bidirectional dc-dc converters and its control strategies reported in last two decades. The performance of the various topologies of bidirectional dc-dc converters is also tabulated along with their references. Hence, this work will present a clear view on the development of state-of-the-art topologies in bidirectional dc-dc converters. This review paper will be a guide for the researchers for selecting suitable bidirectional traction dc-dc converters for electric vehicle and it gives the clear picture of this research field.
US Restaurant Companies' Green Marketing via Company Websites: Impact on Financial Performance

This paper investigates green marketing practices in the restaurant industry and relates those practices to financial performance. The official company websites of 53 publicly traded US restaurants were reviewed to identify their green marketing practices and the impact of these practices on their firm's financial performance was then examined. Industry-leading companies such as McDonald's, Burger King, Starbucks and Wendy's appear to be, through their websites, leading communicators of green practices. However, the study's results do not substantiate the stakeholder theory, because insignificant effects on restaurant firms' financial performance accrue from the marketing of green practices through company websites.
Quality of Antenatal Care Services in Demba Gofa Woreda, Gamo Gofa Zone, Rural Ethiopia

Background: Antenatal care is one of the evidence based interventions to decrease the probability of negative health outcomes for mothers and their newborns. This depends on the quality of care provided during each antenatal care visit. However little is known about factors contributing to quality of antenatal care service in public health center of Demba Gofa woreda. Objectives: To assess quality of antenatal care services in public health centers of Demba Gofa woreda. Methods: A facility-based cross sectional study design using quantitative and qualitative data conducted from March 25 to April 16‚ 2014. Using systematic random sampling method from 423 study subjects a sample of 418 pregnant women were sampled. The quantitative data was entered in to EpiData version 3.1 and was exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multiple variables analysis were carried out to identify factors associated with client satisfaction of antenatal care services. Variables with p value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Adjusted odds ratios were used to see the strength of association with 95% CI. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically by manually. The results were triangulated with quantitative data. Result: The proportion of mothers who were satisfied with antenatal care in this study was 21.5%. Women’s satisfaction with antenatal care was associated with frequency of ANC visit (AOR=1.9‚ 95% CI: (1.1, 3.3)), advise on nutrition (AOR=3.3‚ 95% CI: 1.3‚ 8.5), advise on birth preparedness (AOR=3.3‚ 95% CI: 1.1‚ 9.3)), closeness of the health center to mothers home (AOR=2.3‚ 95% CI 1.3‚ 3.9)). Provision of iron (AOR=0.14 (95% CI: 0.05‚ 0.3). Charge for service (AOR=3.4‚ (95% CI: 1.2‚ 9.5). Moreover 373 (89.2%) of the women received tetanus toxoid vaccine‚ 324 (77.5) mothers started antenatal care visit after first trimester. The recommended care component such as Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, blood group and Rhesus factor tests were not done for most of the women. There was 67.18% over all skilled human resource gaps and none of the health professionals had taken training on focused antenatal care. Conclusion: The overall satisfaction of antenatal care services in this study was found to be low. First ANC visit‚ lack of advice on nutrition‚ lack of advice on birth preparedness‚ farness of the health center to mother’s home‚ provision of iron and Charge for service were independently associated with mothers satisfaction of antenatal care. As well lack of skilled health personal and not under taking recommended laboratory tests were revealed.
Protective effect of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) on 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol-induced injury in rat testes.

In this study, the protective effect of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) against 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (PNMC) toxicity in rat testes was investigated with an experimental period of five days. Fifty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into seven experimental groups and a control (n:7). One group received only Noni. Testicular tissue injury of six experimental groups was induced by subcutaneous injection of PNMC at three different doses (1, 10 and 100 mg/kg) and three received Noni treatment (2 ml per rat by gavage). On day six all rats were sacrificed and then blood samples and testis tissues were collected. Serum testosterone, FSH and LH levels were assessed. Testicular tissues were evaluated histomorphometrically in terms of tubular diameter, seminiferous epithelium density, luminal space and interstitial tissue and immunohistochemically labelled with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) markers to assess oxidative damage. Histomorphometrically, most severe tissue injury was observed in the group of 10 mg/kg PNMC. Tissue injury improved significantly in its corresponding treatment group (with Noni). iNOS and eNOS levels increased in all PNMC groups and decreased with Noni treatments. Noni was most effective in the group of 100mg/kg PNMC in terms of oxidative damage. Serum hormone levels revealed no significant results. In conclusion, Noni reduced PNMC-induced tissue injury in rat testes.
Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World

The philosophical theory of scientific explanation proposed here involves a radically new treatment of causality that accords with the pervasively statistical character of contemporary science. Wesley C. Salmon describes three fundamental conceptions of scientific explanation--the epistemic, modal, and ontic. He argues that the prevailing view (a version of the epistemic conception) is untenable and that the modal conception is scientifically out-dated. Significantly revising aspects of his earlier work, he defends a causal/mechanical theory that is a version of the ontic conception. Professor Salmon's theory furnishes a robust argument for scientific realism akin to the argument that convinced twentieth-century physical scientists of the existence of atoms and molecules. To do justice to such notions as irreducibly statistical laws and statistical explanation, he offers a novel account of physical randomness. The transition from the "reviewed view" of scientific explanation (that explanations are arguments) to the causal/mechanical model requires fundamental rethinking of basic explanatory concepts.
The Effectiveness of Forward Guidance in an Estimated DSGE Model for the Euro Area: the Role of Expectations

We assess the effectiveness of the forward guidance undertaken by European Central Bank using a standard medium-scale DSGE model a la Smets and Wouters (2007). Exploiting data on expectations from surveys, we show that incorporating expectations should be crucial in performance evaluation of models for the forward guidance. We conduct an exhaustive empirical exercise to compare the pseudo out-of-sample predictive performance of the estimated DSGE model with a Bayesian VAR and a DSGE-VAR models. DSGE model with expectations outperforms others for inflation; while for output and short term-interest rate the DSGE-VAR with expectations reports the best prediction.
Use of immunotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor that negatively impacts human health, which typically presents in the advanced stages of disease in the majority of patients. Despite the development of combination chemotherapy, only a modest survival advantage is gained in patients with GC treated by this method. Recently, cancer immunotherapies have received considerable attention as a viable therapeutic option for GC. Specifically, the immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen rector (CAR)-T cells and tumor vaccines, represent immunotherapies that have exhibited promising effects in the treatment of GC. A number of clinical trials have employed either immuno-oncology monotherapies or combination therapies to improve the overall survival time (OS) and objective response rate (ORR) of patients with GC. The current review presents a summary of the clinical effects of checkpoint inhibitors, including CAR-T and tumor vaccines, in the treatment of GC.
Dynamic Block Coding for Image Enhancement for MRI Image Analysis

:- In the process of image coding, external noises impact a lot in processing efficiency. In the application of medical image processing, this effect is more important due to its finer content details. It is required to minimize the noise effect with preserving the image content information, without loosing the image generality. Towards the objective of image denoising, in this work, a dynamic block coding approach for noise minimization in medical image processing is presented. The filtration approach is an enhancement to the objective of noise elimination using median filtration. The suggested approach, improves the retrieval accuracy more effectively under variant noise condition in consideration to conventional filtration approach.
Moving beyond nutrients : nurturing young people's social health and school connectedness through food : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Health Promotion at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

i Preface . iii Acknowledgements . vii List of Tables . xiii List of Figures . xv 1. Making a Case for Social Health . 1 What is Health? 2 Food and Social Health . 11 Chapter Summary . 15 2. Framing Health . 17 Abstract . 18 Introduction . 19 A Physical Health Frame. 20 A Biopsychosocial Health Frame . 22 Nutrition Promotion Interventions . 24 The Merits of a Biopsychosocial Frame . 26 Contributing to a New Wave in Public Health . 27 Conclusion . 28. 18 Introduction . 19 A Physical Health Frame. 20 A Biopsychosocial Health Frame . 22 Nutrition Promotion Interventions . 24 The Merits of a Biopsychosocial Frame . 26 Contributing to a New Wave in Public Health . 27 Conclusion . 28 3. Young People’s Health . 31 Young People as “Beings”, not “Becomings” . 32
Diagnosis by Raman Spectroscopy of Pre-Malignant and Malignant Oral Lesions: A Systematic Review

Raman spectroscopy is a technique that uses a monochromatic source of light-generating light of the same and different incident energy, thus allowing to obtain the frequency of atoms and molecules vibration to detect chemical connection or geometry, which allows discovering the chemical composition. This technique has great relevance for the early diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions due to its practicality and lack of invasiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the success of Raman spectroscopy on early diagnosis of oral lesions with a predisposition to malignancy and malignant lesions. A literature review was carried out in PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar and Lilacs databases, using keywords "precancerous lesions", "Raman Spectral Analysis" and "oral neoplasia". Thirty-two articles were found and 12 were selected, based on the exclusion criteria (review articles and articles that were not studying oral lesions). The high success rates of Raman spectroscopic technique was observed in the rapid identification of malignant or premalignant cells other forms of oral dysplasias in oral lesions due to the practicality of the laser apparatus and lack of invasiveness. It is concluded that the diagnosis by Raman spectroscopy is effective due to its ease-of-use and a great possibility to provide early diagnosis affording successful treatment of oral precancer and cancer.
Peri-implant soft tissue augmentation with palate subepitelial connective tissue graft compared to porcine collagen matrix: A randomized controlled clinical study and histomorphometric analysis

The objective of this study was to compare the connective tissue graft with Mucograft® collagen matrix, used to increase the peri-implant soft tissue, regarding the keratinized mucosa and number of fibroblasts between the grafted areas and the areas not inherent to the grafts. 12 patients were treated with 2 implants, one with connective tissue and the other with collagen matrix. Measurements were obtained before grafts and at uncoverage (2-3 months), biopsies were performed for fibroblast counting. Was an increase in the width and thickness of the KM for both grafts tested, the width of the KM was significantly higher in the connective tissue (P<0.014) the thickness was similar for both. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of fibroblasts between the two types of grafts. Conclusion: Both grafts resulted in increased the width and thickness of KM while maintaining similar fibroblast counts for both areas. The connective tissue exhibited a statistically significant superiority in increasing the width of the KM, being the better indication for areas with KM < 2mm.
Reasons against audit exemption among SME companies in Malaysia

According to Companies Act 2016 which has been newly implemented on 31st January 2017, SME companies are qualified for audit exemption. Therefore this study is to examine the factors against audit exemption among SME companies in Malaysia. By applying Agency Theory, the independent variables of this study will be size of the firm, agency factor, management factor and confidence level of third party. This study will provide significance information to SME companies in order to help them to decide whether they should demand for voluntary audit. Moreover, this study would be useful for future researcher as the confidence level of third party is the additional independent variable in our research model. The proposed study is designed to be a cross-sectional study by using primary data collection method to collect data from SME companies. Multi-stage cluster sampling technique is used to select the sample from SME Malaysia. Self-administered questionnaire is distributed in order to achieve the minimum sample size of 200 cases. Descriptive study will be used to describe the characteristic of our sample. Reliability, normality test, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient test and Multiple Linear Regression analysis will be conducted to test for the hypotheses in this study. The result show that agency factor (AF), management factor (MF) and confidence level of third party (CL) have a significant relationship with voluntary audit (VA) while size of firm (SF) do not have significant relationship with voluntary audit (VA). This study would be able to useful for SME companies to decide whether their company need to be voluntary audit or not by providing them the importance and reasons for voluntary audit.
Changes in root development of Arabidopsis promoted by organic matter from oxisols

The presence of ramified and abundant lateral roots is fundamental to plant growth on highly weathered soils. In this work, the effects of humic acid (HA), fulvic acid and hexanic‐methanolic (HM) extract, after alkaline extraction from topsoil of seven different oxisols, on the development of roots of Arabidopsis thaliana was evaluated. Furthermore, we used another emergent plant model, that is, micro-tom (MT) tomatoes with size similar to that of Arabidopsis to test the effects of HA. It was observed that both humic fractions and the HM extract were able to change the root development, improving the number of lateral roots and their development in comparison to control plants. The promotion of root growth by the three organic matter fractions was higher than that observed by 10 26 mol L 21 indole acetic acid. The treatment of MT tomato mutant, less sensitive to auxin, with HA did not promote the emergence of lateral roots, being an additional indication of auxin-like activities of HA. However, some organic matter fractions exhibited, besides promotion of lateral roots number, increase in the length of principal root, which is not a typical auxin effect, indicating that these substances could contain other physiologically active substances.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORK IN BACKBONE TRANSMISSION NETWORK OF KATHMANDU VALLEY OFNEPAL TELECOM

In the past, research scope of the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) was mainly based on performance and cost. The research community put insufficient effort to the energy consumed by ICTs and their impact on the environment. Current trends, such as increasing electricity costs, reserve limitations, and increasing emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) are shifting the focus of ICT towards energy-efficient and well-performed solutions. Communication networks designed according to this energy efficiency criteria are called green networks. In this context, SDN architecture can have a significant role in reducing the energy consumption by decoupling control plane to a centralized controller that has global view of all underlying data plane devices. The research will be focused on energy efficiency analysis of Software Defined Network and financial possibilities for migration into SDN using LEAP taking the case study of Nepal Telecoms backbone transmission network in Kathmandu region.
Occupational stress and state of health among clinical psychologists and psychiatrists

Se analiza el estres que experimentan profesionales clinicos (especialistas y residentes) que trabajan en el campo de la salud mental. Componen la muestra 36 medicos y 22 psicologos de distintos dispositivos asistenciales publicos de Galicia. Se recogieron los situaciones laborales mas estresantes, sintomas psicofisiologicos y diversos indicadores sociolaborales. Los resultados indican que los psiquiatras experimentan menos estres que otros colegas, detectandose asociaciones significativas entre ciertos estresores y el nivel de salud. En concreto, en los psicologos la frustracion en el desempeno de su trabajo se relaciona con el nivel de sintomas autoinformados. Para los psiquiatras son importantes determinadas complicaciones en el tratamiento o el deterioro que sufren algunos pacientes.
Thermal and vacuum friction acting on rotating particles

We study the stopping of spinning particles in vacuum. A torque is produced by fluctuations of the vacuum electromagnetic field and the particle polarization. Expressions for the frictional torque and the power radiated by the particle are obtained as a function of rotation velocity and the temperatures of the particle and the surrounding vacuum. We solve this problem following two different approaches: (i) a semiclassical calculation based upon the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT), and (ii) a fully quantum-mechanical theory within the framework of quantum electrodynamics, assuming that the response of the particle is governed by bosonic excitations such as phonons and plasmons. Both calculations lead to identical final expressions, thus confirming the suitability of the FDT to deal with problems that are apparently out of equilibrium, and also providing comprehensive insight into the physical processes underlying thermal and vacuum friction. We adapt the quantum-mechanical theory to describe particles whose electromagnetic response is produced by fermionic excitations. Furthermore, we extend our FDT formalism to fully account for magnetic polarization, which dominates friction when the particle is a good conductor. Finally, we present numerically calculated torques and stopping times for the relevant cases of graphite and gold nanoparticles.
Large-Scale Filaments From Weak Lensing

In the context of non-linear structure formation, a web of dark filaments are expected to intersect the high density regions of the universe, where groups and clusters of galaxies will be forming. In this work we have developed a method for stacking the weak lensing signal of an ensemble of filaments between groups and clusters of galaxies. We detect a the weak lensing signal from stacked filaments between SDSS BOSS luminous red galaxies with the CFHTLenS data at the 5σ level, finding a mass of (1.6 ± 0.3) × 10M . Two methods of isolating the filament signal are presented: the method of non-physical pair subtraction, and the method of outside region subtraction. This signal is compared with the three-point galaxy-galaxy-convergence correlation function, as developed in Clampitt et al. (2014), yielding reasonably good agreement.
ELECTORAL CONTESTS WHEN VOTING IS COSTLY

An advantaged candidate and a disadvantaged candidate compete in a large election. Candidates exert effort to improve their valences, and voters cast their votes costly. This paper characterizes the pure strategy equilibria in this kind of election games, and gives sufficient conditions for the existence of pure strategy equilibria. For most instances, there exists at least one and at most two pure strategy equilibria. On average a low voting cost causes high campaign efforts, but there also exists an interval of voting costs such that candidates’ campaign efforts are strictly increasing on this interval. Moreover, when candidates become similar in terms of their productivity, their equilibrium valence choices also become similar.