Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Turning Back the Rising Sea: Theory performativity in the shift from climate science to popular authority

Action on climate change continues to be hampered by vested interests seeding doubt about science and the need to reduce carbon emissions. Using a qualitative case study of local climate adaptation to sea level rise, we show how climate change science is translated into a self-referential theory focused on property prices. Our analysis develops two mechanisms – enablement and theorization – to explain the relationship between theory performativity and power within a process of translation. This contributes to (1) the performativity debate by showing how the constitution of power relations shapes theory performativity; (2) theories of power, by tracing the ways in which certain actors are able to enrol others and impact the authority of particular theories, and (3) processes of translation by developing mechanisms for following the ways in which power and theory performativity interact. We conclude by arguing that a performative understanding of how power shapes beliefs is central to combating the failure to address climate change.
The State of Pore Fluid Pressure and 3‐D Megathrust Earthquake Dynamics

We study the effects of pore fluid pressure (Pf) on the pre‐earthquake, near‐fault stress state, and 3‐D earthquake rupture dynamics through six scenarios utilizing a structural model based on the 2004 Mw 9.1 Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake. As pre‐earthquake Pf magnitude increases, effective normal stress and fault shear strength decrease. As a result, magnitude, slip, peak slip rate, stress drop, and rupture velocity of the scenario earthquakes decrease. Comparison of results with observations of the 2004 earthquake support that pre‐earthquake Pf averages near 97% of lithostatic pressure, leading to pre‐earthquake average shear and effective normal tractions of 4–5 and 22 MPa. The megathrust in these scenarios is weak, in terms of low mean shear traction at static failure and low dynamic friction coefficient during rupture. Apparent co‐seismic principal stress rotations and absolute post‐seismic stresses in these scenarios are consistent with the variety of observed aftershock focal mechanisms. In all scenarios, the mean apparent stress rotations are larger above than below the megathrust. Scenarios with larger Pf magnitudes exhibit lower mean apparent principal stress rotations. We further evaluate pre‐earthquake Pf depth distribution. If Pf follows a sublithostatic gradient, pre‐earthquake effective normal stress increases with depth. If Pf follows the lithostatic gradient exactly, then this normal stress is constant, shifting peak slip and peak slip rate updip. This renders constraints on near‐trench strength and constitutive behavior crucial for mitigating hazard. These scenarios provide opportunity for future calibration with site‐specific measurements to constrain dynamically plausible megathrust strength and Pf gradients.
CO2 Utilization Strategy for Sustainable Cultivation of Mushrooms and Lettuces

Mushroom cultivation generates a large amount of CO2 that can be used sustainably. The objective of this study was to use actual cultivation and simulation to find a sustainable cultivation method that uses the CO2 generated by king oyster mushrooms for the production of romaine lettuces. A closed cultivation system consisting of one mushroom chamber, three lettuce chambers, and one gas-mixing chamber was used. Two cultivation conditions, non-continuous and continuous, were analyzed. The non-continuous system cultivated 15 lettuces and 12 mushroom bottles at a time every 25 and 16 days, respectively. The continuous system cultivated three lettuces and mushroom bottles every five and four days, respectively, so that each chamber contained mushrooms or lettuces at each growth stage. The CO2 concentrations in the lettuce and mushroom chambers were stably maintained above 1000 μmol∙mol−1 and below 2000 μmol∙mol−1 in the continuous system. Mathematical models were developed to analyze the CO2 concentration in each chamber. The shoot dry weight of lettuces grown in the mixed cultivation were 48.0%, 21.9%, 19.7%, and 18.1% at 10, 15, 20, and 25 days after transplanting, respectively, higher than those in the lettuce-only cultivation. Compared to mushroom-only cultivation, mixed cultivation reduced the accumulated CO2 emissions into the air by 80.6%. Thus, using CO2 from mushrooms to cultivate lettuce in a continuous cultivation system could reduce CO2 emissions into the air and enable mixed cultivation of mushrooms and lettuces, achieving sustainable agriculture.
Development of a Multi-Distress Detection System for Asphalt Pavements: Transfer Learning-Based Approach

The major objective of this research was to develop a multi-distress detection system (MDDS) that is competent in detecting various asphalt pavement functional distresses simultaneously from video images using appropriate artificial intelligence techniques. You Only Look Once Version 4 (YOLOv4), a state-of-the-art objection detection architecture incorporated with transfer learning-based approach was utilized to quantify multiple severity-based distresses obtained from actual pavement condition images. Eighteen distress classes were defined consisting of three levels of severity pertinent to cracking, potholes, and patch deterioration. The customized MDDS algorithm was trained and tested on 1,518 images retrieved from three different datasets. During training, MDDS attained an average loss of 1.5123, and the validation mean average precision was reported to be 87.44% after 7,900 iterations. During the training process, the customized architecture transformed the training images and segmented them into two million images that potentially enhanced the probability of prediction even when the images are spatially transformed. The model detected multiple distresses in the pavement video clip at an average rate of 6.7 frames per second, which makes it suitable for real-time distress detection. It is envisioned that the novel real-time MDDS tested on diverse datasets could be used by roadway agencies to identify and quantify severity-based distress classes during the monitoring process itself, which ultimately reduces the time between data analysis, pavement forensic evaluation, and decision making on maintenance interventions.
Do We Need a Change in Road Winter Maintenance to Accommodate for Automated Vehicles? A State-of-the-Art Literature Review Considering Automated Vehicle Technology’s Usage of Road Infrastructure During Winter

For automated vehicles to be allowed to join the modern car fleet, and, in the future, replace human drivers, they must be able to handle adverse weather, including snowy conditions. This literature review focuses on how automated vehicles utilize the road and how this use is suitable for winter maintenance strategies. Where global navigation satellite system (GNSS) service is unavailable, automated vehicles need bare roads to perform relative navigation based on real-time data about lane markings, obstacles, and road infrastructure. Snow-covered tracks hinder vehicle navigation and lane marking detection, which might generate wheel slippage that in turn causes emergency stop and challenging friction estimates. Although the entry of automated vehicles into the car fleet does not demand change in the strategies of winter maintenance, it does demand higher level of service than today. Maintaining an entire road network on which autonomous vehicles always can operate is tremendously expensive and likely not feasible. One solution could be to add another maintenance class in a bare road strategy, that is, an automated vehicle maintenance class with a high level of service and a set of operational criteria allowing automated vehicles to operate. The maintenance class should be used for certain main routes where there is a high frequency of automated vehicles. A model that recommends preferable routes to the destination based on current road conditions within the operational envelope should be provided to the automated vehicle system.
Klasifikasi Citra Buah Pir Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Networks

Buah Pir (Pyrus) adalah salah satu buah yang kaya akan nutrisi, seperti vitamin, niasin, asam pantotenat, dan folacin. Pir salah satu buah favorit dan banyak digemari diindonesia. Sebab, rasa yang khas dan identik dengan banyak air, masir, dan manis. Setiap jenis buah pir memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda, tentu setiap jenisnya mempunyai rasa yang khusus sehingga menghasilkan harga dan pengistimewaan berbeda dari setiap orang. Para petani buah pir tentu memiliki tempat penyimpanan untuk mengumpulkan hasil dari panen yang didapat. Sehingga para petani memisahkan jenis buah secara manual yang tentu akan membutuhkan waktu, kebosanan dan biaya tinggi. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan klasifikasi buah secara manual tersebut dengan menggunakan salah satu algoritma Deep Learning dalam klasifikasi suatu gambar yaitu Convolutional Neural Network. Studi ini melakukan uji akurasi pada dua proses yaitu training dan testing dengan akurasi yang didapatkan yaitu 100% untuk training dan testing menggunakan 100 sample data baru dengan nilai akurasi 98%.
The Impact of 4Ps Marketing Mix in Tourism Development in the Mountain Areas: A Case Study

Purpose: This research is aimed to find out the relationship of marketing mix 4Ps (Price, Product. Process and Promotion) in tourism development in the mountain areas of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Methodology: To carry out the current study, a total of 509 self-administered questionnaires were distributed among the tourists to collect the data which was analysed by using SPSS and Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS-SEM was applied to find out the relationship between variables and test the strength of model. Findings: The key findings are consistent with other studies while price mix and promotion mix are in contrast from others showing insignificant relationship in tourism development. There is evidence from the results that tourists are not concerned about the expenses which include mountaineering royalty fee, trekking royalty fee and other expenses while they tour to mountain areas. Therefore, it can be argued that price becomes less important for tourists to be considered, so, the relationship of price mix with the tourism development is insignificant. Another argument may come up regarding promotion mix that traditional advertisements have become obsolete now and majority of tourists use social media as it is also evidenced in the study that majority of tourists get information from social media sources, therefore, traditional promotion mix has no influence on attracting tourist towards the destinations. Practical Implication: In addition to the contribution to existing body of knowledge, this study helps policy makers and managers of tourism sector to formulate proper plans by considering tourism marketing strategies for the development of tourism in mountain areas of Pakistan. Originality/Values: This study contributes to find out the relationship of 4Ps-marketing mix with tourism development in the mountain areas of northern Pakistan.
Reply on RC2

In this short comment, I would like to briefly address the major points raised by Referee # 1. I appreciate the Referee’s comments, even though I respectfully disagree with many of them. I will further appreciate it if the Referee clarifies some of the comments, as I’m not sure that I understood them properly. A comprehensive response (on behalf of all the authors) to the Referee’s comments will be published later.
NEW METHOD OF SIZING A FILTER (RL-C) FOR AN INVERTER WITH SPWM CONTROL IN MEDIUM VOLTAGE ALTERNATING

The need to use SPWM controlled voltage inverters in MV, led us to examine how to filter alternative signals with filters (L-C) and (RL-C). This allowed us to decide on the use of certain formulas for calculating the elements of these filters. Likewise, we have proposed a method of calculating the resistance R by mathematical iterations without using the quality factor Q, in order to obtain a low error rate between the RMS values and the fundamental effective values and THDs respecting the standard 519 IEEE - 2014. The results of these studies obtained using the MATLAB-SIMULINK software are presented in the penultimate session of this article. Nomenclature SPWM Sinusoidal Pulse-Width-Modulation THD Total Harmonic distortion SN Apparent power of the alternating load MV Medium voltage alternating voltage (1 kV --- 50 kV) Uph phase-to-phase voltage at the ac load RMS Root Mean Squared R L C Resistance Inductance Capacitor MVDC Medium voltage direct current VSI Voltage Source Inverter
Posture-Transformed Monkey Phantoms Developed from a Visible Monkey

A monkey phantom is of significant value for electromagnetic radiation (EMR) dosimetry simulations. Furthermore, phantoms in various postures are needed because living beings are exposed to EMR in various postures during their daily routine. In this study, we attempted to produce monkey phantoms based on three daily postures of a rhesus monkey. From our Visible Monkey project, we selected surface models with 177 monkey structures. In the surface models, 52 virtual joints were created to allow for changes from the anatomical position to quadrupedal and sitting positions using commercial software. The surface models of the three positions were converted into monkey voxel phantoms. These phantoms were arranged in three positions, and the number of voxels and mass of each structure were analyzed. The phantoms in anatomical, quadrupedal, and sitting positions have a total of 5,054,022, 5,174,453, and 4,803,886 voxels, respectively. The mass of 177 structures in three positions were also calculated based on the number of voxels. By comparing the monkey phantom with the phantom of a female human, we confirmed thicker skin, less fat, heavier muscle, and a lighter skeleton in monkeys than those in humans. Through posture-transformed monkey phantoms, more precise EMR simulations could be possible. The ultimate purpose of this study is to determine the effects of EMR on humans. For this purpose, we will create posture-transformed human phantoms in a following study using the techniques employed herein and the human phantoms from our previous study.
The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction on the Relationship between Workaholism and Organizational Commitment of Female Human Service Workers

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between workaholism and organizational commitment of human service workers through job satisfaction. In order to achieve the research objectives, data from 189 persons obtained from the 17th Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS) data were analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to analyze the data. As a result of the analysis, significance of the relationship between workaholism and organizational commitment of human service workers through job satisfaction was found. The results of the study are intended to provide basic data to improve the job satisfaction of female human service workers.
Laboratory Diagnosis of Tropical Infections

Abstract Highlights (1) Blood culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial infections. (2) Bone marrow culture is more sensitive than blood culture even in patients with enteric fever receiving antibiotics. (3) Microscopic agglutination test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing leptospirosis; however, now IgM ELISA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are more frequently used for diagnosis. (4) Tuberculosis is diagnosed with the help of nucleic acid amplification tests like Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra which also detects rifampicin resistance. Other tests include microscopy, Lowenstein–Jensen and mycobacteria growth indicator tube culture, line probe assay. (5) Tropical rickettsial infections are diagnosed by serological reactions (Weil–Felix, ELISA for antibodies) and PCR. (6) For Brucellosis culture from blood, bone marrow or tissue specimens remain the mainstay in diagnosis. (7) Dengue, Zika, Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, hantavirus, rabies are diagnosed with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Serological tests like IgM ELISA or paired sera samples for IgG are also used for diagnosis. How to cite this article Basu S, Shetty A. Laboratory Diagnosis of Tropical Infections. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(Suppl 2):S122–S126.
Comparison of oxidative treatments of polypropylene films and fibers to promote zinc oxide nanoparticle adhesion

Abstract Ozone, heating-in-air, and chromic acid treatments of polypropylene (PP) films and fibers were evaluated for their ability to promote ZnO nanoparticle (NP) adhesion. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that the oxygen content of the surface of PP films increased due to all treatments, with high binding energy O1s components emerging consistent with carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester and hydroperoxide groups. The latter two were dominant for chromic acid treatment. The XPS measurements were complemented by attenuated total reflectance FTIR spectroscopy studies. Pull-off measurements from PP films, using a ZnO particle attached to the cantilever of an atomic force microscope, indicated that ozone and chromic acid treatments were equally effective at increasing adhesive forces. However, scanning electron microscopy studies of PP fibers treated with either ozone or chromic acid, and subsequent immersion in an ethanolic ZnO NP suspension, showed that ozone treatment was more effective than chromic acid treatment at promoting adhesion. This likely results from the poorer ability of ester and hydroperoxide groups, compared to carboxylic acid ones, to bind to hydroxylated ZnO NPs. It was further shown that excessive ozone treatment leads to brittleness of the fibers, as evidenced by cracking when the fibers are stirred. These results indicate that moderate ozone treatment of PP films and fibers may be a convenient method to attach metal oxide particles to PP surfaces.
Risk behaviours in adolescence: predictive role of mindful parenting

ABSTRACT This research aimed to explore the role of parental characteristics and mindful parenting in risk behaviour of adolescents. A total of 604 participants took part in the study, out of which N = 361 were adolescents aged 13 to 18, N = 158 were their mothers, and N = 85 fathers. To achieve the aim of the research, the following questionnaires were used: The General Data Questionnaire for Adolescents and Parents, The Adolescent Risk Behaviour Questionnaire, The Family Satisfaction Scale, and The Mindful Parenting Questionnaire. The results indicated that male adolescents report more often on violent behaviour, while girls report symptoms of eating disorders and they are less satisfied with their life. Related to age, older adolescents report lower life and family satisfaction and more often normative undesirable behaviour. The family satisfaction of adolescents, as well as mindful parenting, are negatively associated with risk behaviour, while the focus of attention on the child, self-efficacy, and empathy is positively related to the satisfaction of adolescents. The results support existing knowledge in this field and have strong practical implications for prevention and treatment interventions targeting family context.
New method of isotopic analysis: baseline‐standardized isotope vector analysis shows trophic partitioning in loricariids

Stable isotope analyses have re ﬁ ned the study of trophic niche diversity within an ecosystem, yet traditional trophic partitioning methods may not be appropriate to identify variation among groups with similar dietary requirements. By building on vector-based analyses, we introduce a baseline-standardized isotopic vector analysis (BaSIVA) to visualize dietary variation while accounting for isotopic discrepancies between locations. To test the effectiveness of our new method, we collected muscle samples from eleven species of Loricarioidea in ﬁ ve assemblages in Northern Peru. Loricarioidea is a large, ecomorphologically diverse superfamily of scraping-feeding ﬁ shes. Most feed on an indistinguishable mix of detritus and algae, but some lineages have specialized diets of wood, seeds, and macroinvertebrates, making them an excellent group to study trophic variation. Isotopic data were collected using mass spectrometric isotope analyses, and communities were standardized by calculating a mean baseline (algae and periphyton) for each location. The entire community was shifted by subtracting the baseline of 15 N and 13 C from the consumers at each location, which allowed for comparison between assemblages. Incremental differences of 15 N and 13 C from the baseline were found via vector analysis, and the azimuth and module of each consumer were calculated. Standardization resulted in a signi ﬁ cant shift of assemblages within the isotopic biplot, and vector analysis shows three trophic groups primarily described by differences in carbon assimilation. Isotopic variation between species may account for some diversi ﬁ cation in jaw shape within the Loricarioidea, but BaSIVA suggests several instances of trophic overlap in different jaw morphologies. Moreover, results from BaSIVA are better able to delineate trophic groups than traditional trophic positioning methods while accounting for variation in basal resources. We suggest a baseline-stan-dardized vector analysis should be the standard for vector-based stable isotope analysis in riverine environments with similar baseline resources.
Mikrobiologisches Monitoring Teil 5*): Oberflächen/Personal: Methoden

The possibilities to prevent product contaminations during sampling of surfaces will be dicussed Second different air testing methods are presented and discussed: ○ Swabs ○ Contact plates Additionally for personnel testing ○ Hand wash method (Rinsing technique) As a rapid method is the Bioluminescence method described and discussed. Then, the selection of nutrient media is described and various incubation conditions are discussed.
Crime and Economic Development in South Africa: A Panel Data Analysis

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects and impact of crime in South Africa. As economies seek to develop through eliminating inequalities, alleviating poverty, and ensuring economic growth, crime often stands in the way, discouraging investments, fuelling migration, increasing transaction costs, to mention just a few, thereby creating economic development disparities. Design/Methodology/Approach: To evaluate the economic effects of crime, selected forms of crime are assessed on economic development as measured by economic growth, investments, and property value, among others between the years 1994-2019. To determine the effects and impact of crime, multiple panel regression analysis techniques were employed. Findings: The Pooled Mean Group technique was utilized in this study, and the results obtained from the econometric modelling indicate that crime has an overall detrimental effect on development. Property crime was found to hurt human development and investment, while contact crime only negatively impacts investments. Practical Implications: Economic effects of crime have been established using South African data. It is imperative to understand that safety and security is everyone’s responsibility to preserve property values, reduce transaction costs, attract investment and economic opportunities for local economic development. Originality/Value: Limited empirical works exist on evaluating the economic effects of crime. Crime is pertinacious to human nature and society, with variations in the extent and types. Even though education is argued to produce positive externalities through reducing crime, statistics have shown the increasing number of sophisticated crimes that involve well-educated individuals.