Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pilot Study investigating the Impact of Serial ingestion or Co-ingestion of Creatine and Sodium bicarbonate on Performance Following Completion of a Hypertrophy Type Resistance Exercise Workout By Theocharis Ispoglou

Purpose: To examine the ergogenic potential of creatine (Cr), sodium bicarbonate (SB),and Cr+SBafter completion of a resistance exercise bout (REB). Methods: Following recruitment,27trained males (26.8±5.7 years old) completed a one repetition maximum strength (1RM) test in the parallel squat (120.9±28.2 kg). Participants then followed a standardised meal plan for 4 days whilst ingesting one of 4 supplements, and on day 5 they undertook the REB. This was a double blind randomised placebo-controlled study where participants ingested one of the following: Placebo (PLA, n=7), Cr (20g/d -1 & PLA, n=8), SB (0.5 g/kg -1 /d -1 &PLA, n=6), andCr+SB (5 g/d -1 of Cr & 0.5 g/kg -1 /d -1 SB, n=6) divided in 4 doses. The REB consisted of 4x10 repetitions (70% of 1RM, 11⁄2 min recovery). The primary performance outcome was a 5 th set (70% of 1RM) performed to volitional exhaustion.Blood glucose and lactate, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, sickness and stomachache scales, and time to complete each set were also recorded.Results:Participants in Cr, SB, and Cr+SB completed the required number of repetitions at 70% of 1RM however in PLA they completed the same repetitions at lower intensity (68+3.4%). Participants in PLA, Cr, SB, and Cr+SB completed 8(±1.6), 11(±5.5), 9(±3.7), and 11(±3.3) repetitions respectively during the 5 th set. Despite the fact that no significant differences were observed in performance, small (SB: 0.4) and moderate effect (Cr: 0.7; Cr+SB: 1.0) sizes were observed in relation to PLA. Body mass increasedsignificantly after Cr (78.1±8.9 kg pre vs 79.1±8.9 kg post, p<0.05). No other significant differences existed in recorded variables.Conclusions: Performance gains were of higher magnitude in the Cr+SB and Cr groups. Coingestion of a small amount of Cr (5 g/d -1 ) with a standard dose ofSB (0.5 g/kg -1 /d -1 ) appears to be equally beneficial asingestion of a standard dose of Cr (20 g/d -1 ). The Cr+SB was not associated with significant gains in body mass which may be beneficial in sports where size gains may negate performance. Further research is required, with larger sample size, and specific athletic populations in order to confirm the findings of the current study.
Surfactant Protein-C in the Maintenance of Lung Integrity and Function

Surfactant protein-C (SP-C) is a lung cell specific protein whose expression is identified from the earliest stages of mammalian lung development in a subset of developing epithelial cells and in the alveolar type II cell in the mature lung. Although SP-C gene expression is not critical and protein function is not necessary for the normal developing morphological patterning of the lung, studies of SP-C protein mutations and SP-C deficiency have revealed critical roles of SP-C in the maintenance and function of the preterm and mature lung during various forms of intrinsic or extrinsic lung injury. This review summarizes studies using in vitro experimental approaches, in vivo modeling in transgenic mice, and analysis of human disease pathogenesis. Collected data reveal an essential role for SP-C singly and in combination with other lung proteins, in maintenance of lung structure and pulmonary function of the immature and mature lung.
Interactive comment on “Aqueous phase processing of secondary organic aerosols” by Yao Liu et al

This paper investigated the aqueous phase processing of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) generated from gas-phase oxidation of isoprene, α-pinene and TMB using a smog chamber. The SOA collected on the filters were extracted by water and subsequently oxidized by H2O2 under dark condition and OH radicals in the presence of light using a photochemical reactor. Numerous online and offline analytical techniques including AMS, TD-API-AMS, HPLC-API-MS, API-MS2, IC-MS, SMPS and HTDMA were employed for physical and chemical characterizations of the chamber SOA and nebulised filter extracts. This is one of a few studies to investigate the aqueous phase oxidation of a complex organic aerosols, and the presented results are interesting. However, the objective of the paper is not clear, and some of the results can be discussed in
APPLE FRUIT CHEMICAL THINNING IN CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO RALEO QUÍMICO EN FRUTOS DE MANZANO EN CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO

SUMMARY Chemical fruit thinning is a common practice in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) orchards for achieving high quality fruits, reduced costs of hand-thinning and promote return of flowering. Hand thinning is a common and high cost practice, not only due to the labor involved, but also because seedling and vigorous clonal rootstocks result in large trees. The chemical thinning agents: Ethephon (ETH), Carbaryl (CB), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6Benzyladenine (6-BA), and fish oil were evaluated on ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘RedChief Delicious’ apple trees in 2004 and 2005. Chemical thinning effect was compared with early and late handthinnings. Treatments were sprayed when the biggest fruit in the clusters was 10 mm in equatorial diameter. NAA showed the best effect in reducing final fruit set in both cultivars and years evaluated, with results comparable to those of early hand-thinning (thinned when king-fruit size was 10 mm) in ‘Golden Delicious’ trees. In ‘RedChief Delicious’, fruit set reduction by NAA, fish oil and CB treatments was similar to early hand-thinned trees only in 2005. In 2005, time spent during supplementary hand-thinning in ‘Golden Delicious’ trees was reduced by chemical thinning treatments, except by fish oil; whereas in ‘RedChief Delicious’ only NAA K-salt reduced it in 2004. An increase in fruit equatorial diameter was observed only in 2004 with NAA and fish oil. Alternate bearing, typical of ‘Golden Delicious’, was not diminished by these chemical thinning treatments.
IS Security Research: An Analysis and Integrative Framework for Future Work

Increased organizational reliance on information systems (IS) has led to a corresponding increase in the number of IS security breaches and their impact on organizations. As a result, a growing body of academic research that focuses on various aspects of IS security management has emerged. This work can be divided into three main categories: technical, financial/economic, and behavioral. This paper introduces the current state of IS security research in each of the three categories, proposes an integrative framework for the study of IS security, and presents topics that call for further investigation.
PROCEDURAL 3D MODELLING FOR TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS. THE CASESTUDY OF CENTRAL ZAGORI

Abstract. Over the last decades 3D modelling has been a fast growing field in Geographic Information Science, extensively applied in various domains including reconstruction and visualization of cultural heritage, especially monuments and traditional settlements. Technological advances in computer graphics, allow for modelling of complex 3D objects achieving high precision and accuracy. Procedural modelling is an effective tool and a relatively novel method, based on algorithmic modelling concept. It is utilized for the generation of accurate 3D models and composite facade textures from sets of rules which are called Computer Generated Architecture grammars (CGA grammars), defining the objects’ detailed geometry, rather than altering or editing the model manually. In this paper, procedural modelling tools have been exploited to generate the 3D model of a traditional settlement in the region of Central Zagori in Greece. The detailed geometries of 3D models derived from the application of shape grammars on selected footprints, and the process resulted in a final 3D model, optimally describing the built environment of Central Zagori, in three levels of Detail (LoD). The final 3D scene was exported and published as 3D web-scene which can be viewed with 3D CityEngine viewer, giving a walkthrough the whole model, same as in virtual reality or game environments. This research work addresses issues regarding textures' precision, LoD for 3D objects and interactive visualization within one 3D scene, as well as the effectiveness of large scale modelling, along with the benefits and drawbacks that derive from procedural modelling techniques in the field of cultural heritage and more specifically on 3D modelling of traditional settlements.
Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Improved Locality-Constrained Linear Coding and Adaptive PSO-Optimized SVM

A novel bearing fault diagnosis method based on improved locality-constrained linear coding (LLC) and adaptive PSO-optimized support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. In traditional LLC, each feature is encoded by using a fixed number of bases without considering the distribution of the features and the weight of the bases. To address these problems, an improved LLC algorithm based on adaptive and weighted bases is proposed. Firstly, preliminary features are obtained by wavelet packet node energy. Then, dictionary learning with class-wise K-SVD algorithm is implemented. Subsequently, based on the learned dictionary the LLC codes can be solved using the improved LLC algorithm. Finally, SVM optimized by adaptive particle swarm optimization (PSO) is utilized to classify the discriminative LLC codes and thus bearing fault diagnosis is realized. In the dictionary leaning stage, other methods such as selecting the samples themselves as dictionary and -means are also conducted for comparison. The experiment results show that the LLC codes can effectively extract the bearing fault characteristics and the improved LLC outperforms traditional LLC. The dictionary learned by class-wise K-SVD achieves the best performance. Additionally, adaptive PSO-optimized SVM can greatly enhance the classification accuracy comparing with SVM using default parameters and linear SVM.
A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE: THE IMPACTS OF PARENTAL ILLNESS ON ADOLESCENT SCHOOLING

There is a dearth of studies that consider the impacts of parental illness specifically on engagement and achievement levels of adolescents in school. This literature review presents the knowledge and ideas that have been established in the research on parental illness and adolescent schooling over the last twenty years, and identifies the methodological, conceptual, and theoretical strengths and weaknesses that surface in this area of study. A noteworthy observation from this review is that greater qualitative-based research designs are needed in this area of study, as this can allow for a more in-depth and personalized understanding on the impacts of parental illness. The overall intention of this review is to lay the groundwork for devising, improving, and implementing multiple pathways and hypothesis for future studies to consider. Assuming a variety of research directions and taking into consideration the limitations that are currently present (such as the shortcomings outlined in this review) would certainly lead to both theoretical/scholarly and practical benefits.
Influence of Input Parameters on Wing-Sail Solar-powered Aircraft

Solar-powered aircraft of wing-sail configuration employ sail tails mounted with photovoltaic (PV) modules, which could maximize solar energy absorption. The design guidelines of primary parameters for the wing-sail configuration differ significantly from solar-powered aircraft of conventional configuration. Under the constraints of energy balance and mass balance, key input parameters are explored to investigate flight principles of the wing-sail configuration, which include the area ratio of sail tails to the wing, gravimetric energy density of secondary batteries, nominal efficiency of PV modules under standard conditions, surface density of PV modules, aspect ratio of the wing and efficiency of propulsion systems. General Introduction The solar energy has attracted many researchers in the last 40 years due to its clearness and eternity for high altitude long endurance (HALE) aircraft. Solar-powered aircraft show their superiorities in the civil or military fields, such as border patrolling, meteorological observation, surveillance and reconnaissance, communication relay, etc. For these listing fields, higher altitude means wider covering area of interest and higher survivability, and longer endurance means more timely intelligence and information. Inspired by the solar collector “tracking” the Sun, Ref. [1], Ref. [2] and Ref. [3] proposed the configurations to achieve longer flight duration at higher latitudes, as illustrated in Fig. 1, which incorporated rotatable sun-trackers into solar-powered aircraft of wing-body-tail configuration PV modules are disposed on both the wing and the sail tails rotating around roll axes. The tracking methods for sail tails generally include three types: Azimuth-Elevation, Azimuth and Elevation. Ref. [4] carried out constrained sensitivity analyses of mission requirements of operational altitude, operational latitude, sun-tracking method, flight seasons and payload carrying. This paper aims to research the influence of input parameters on primary parameters of wing-sail solar-powered aircraft under the basic constraints that energy consumption is balanced by solar energy absorption within the daytime, the nighttime and a whole day, respectively. The key input parameters include the area ratio of sail tails to the wing, gravimetric energy density of secondary batteries, nominal efficiency of PV modules under standard conditions, surface density of PV modules, aspect ratio of the wing and efficiency of propulsion systems.
The Correlation between Spectral Moment Measures and Electropalatographic Contact Patterns for /s/ and /ʃ/

The Correlation Between Spectral Moment Measures and Electropalatographic Contact Patterns for /s/ and /ʃ/ Benjamin J. Marshall Department of Communication Disorders, BYU Master of Science Spectral Moment Analysis has helped further our understanding of the spectral properties of obstruent speech production; however, the physiologic correlates of these spectral measures are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible correlations between the linguapalatal contact patterns used to produce the fricatives /s/ and /ʃ/ and the resulting spectral characteristics. Using spectral moment analysis and electropalatography (EPG), the real-word productions of eight speakers of American English were investigated. The spectral measures for the fricative tokens in the present study were found to be similar to data reported in previous research with adult speakers. Although the majority of the correlations examined in this study were found to be statistically significant, none of the correlations accounted for a large proportion of the variance in the data. Generally the strongest correlations were found between the spectral mean and the symmetry of the contact pattern in the anterior region of the hard palate and the width of the contact pattern in the medial region of the palate. These findings may indicate that although the width and symmetry of linguapalatal contact contributes to the spectral signature /s/ and /ʃ/ fricatives, they are likely only part of a much more complex process that may involve other mechanisms such as lip rounding, tongue groove depth and shape, aerodynamic factors, and the shape of the vocal tract in other regions.
PV Power-Generation System with a Phase-Shift PWM Technique for High Step-Up Voltage Applications

A PV power-generation system with a phase-shift pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique for high step-up voltage applications is proposed. The proposed power-generation system consists of two stages. In the input stage, all power switches of the full-bridge converter with phase-shift technique can be operated with zero-current switching (ZCS) at turn-on or turn-off transition. Hence, the switching losses of the power switches can be reduced. Then, in the DC output stage, a voltage-doubler circuit is used to boost a high dc-link bus voltage. To supply a utility power, a dc/ac inverter is connected to induce a sinusoidal source. In order to draw a maximum power from PV arrays source, a microcontroller is incorporated with the perturbation and observation method to implement maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm and power regulating scheme. In this study, a full load power of 300 W prototype has been built. Experimental results are presented to verify the performance and feasibility of the proposed PV power-generation system.
Optimization algorithms for re-entrant flow shop scheduling heuristic using bottleneck approach

This project is an extension to the study of Bottleneck Adjacent Matching (BAM) in 2008, a research area related to re-entrant flow shop job scheduling with the aim of finding the shortest makespan of entire process. Sample operation took place at Cyber Manufacturing Center (CMC), UTHM with process routing of MI-M2-M3-M4-M3-M4. It is observed that the CMC operation exhibits bottleneck - characteristic at two points of its operation, M1 and M4-M3-M4. This study exploits the bottleneck characteristic in developing new heuristic that works on minimizing the total process time as well as improving the result at medium P1 Dominance level. Bottleneck dominance level is evaluated initially prior to applying appropriate algorithm to select the right job to be placed at the right position. The heuristic of the new method which is called the Floating PI Dominance Level (FPlDL) is developed and tested using Macro Programming in Microsoft Excel and a total of 3000 simulations were conducted upon random generated data and the final result of this simulation was compared with the results obtained from actual iteration, NEH and NH. FPlDL heuristic performance was intended for six jobs problem and data measurement was divided into weak, medium, and strong P1 Dominance. The result evaluation shows that FP lDL computation is still reliable to produce schedule makespan but somehow it was unable to serve as an excellent solving method since it only poses an overall accuracy of 5 1.30%. Optimization of the method traces the problem to originate from P1 Dominance Level evaluation prior to job selection. This matter is validated with a staggering result improvement after a modification of the job selection method.
Numerical Tests of the Weak Pressure Gradient Approximation

AbstractCloud-resolving simulations of convection over a surface temperature hot spot are used to evaluate the weak pressure gradient (WPG) and weak temperature gradient (WTG) approximations. The premise of the relaxed form of WTG—that vertical velocity is equal to buoyancy times a positive time scale—is found to be violated by thick layers of negative buoyancy in steady-state ascent. The premise of WPG—that horizontal divergence and pressure anomalies are collocated—is validated by these simulations. When implemented in a cloud-resolving model, WPG replicates buoyancy transients exceptionally well, including the adiabatic lifting of air below buoyancy anomalies. WTG captures neither this effect nor the associated triggering of moist convection. For steady states, WTG produces vertical velocity profiles that are too top heavy. On the other hand, WPG generates velocity profiles that closely match fully resolved hot-spot simulations. Taken together, the evidence suggests that WPG is a relatively accurate me.
Adopting IOT technologies to control risks in confined space: A multi-criteria decision tool

Work in confined spaces is still causing fatal accidents and injuries, despite the reinforcement of the worldwide regulatory and standards. Confined spaces are defined as limited or restricted areas not designed for continuous occupancy where employees enter and perform a specific task. Examples of confined spaces include, but are not limited to tanks, vessels, silos and pipelines. Several publications, reports and recent news demonstrate the great impact of such risks on the occupational safety level, showing high accident rates and multiple-fatality incidents.This study aims to evaluate the potential contribution of Internet of Things (IOT) technologies to prevent and control the risks of confined space work. After a first legislative overview and a literature review on the topic, the authors conceptualize an AHP (Analytical Hierarchy process) model for analysing how critical factors affecting dangerous scenarios in confined spaces could affect the assessment of an IOT based device for preventing and managing confined spaces risks. The model aims to support both safety managers and risk analysts in reducing hazards in confined spaces. A case study in the chemical industry is proposed to validate the approach.
Mass Preserving Image Registration: Results of Evaluation of Methods for Pulmonary Image Registration 2010 Challenge

The paper presents results the mass preserving image regis- tration method in the Evaluation of Methods for Pulmonary Image Reg- istration 2010 (EMPIRE10) Challenge. The mass preserving image reg- istration algorithm was applied to the 20 image pairs. Registration was evaluated using four different scores: lung boundary alignment, major fissure alignment, landmark alignment and transform singularity scores. The registration algorithm achieved an average landmark alignment score of 2.20 ± 2.05 mm and the median of 1.29 mm. In 19 out of 20 image pairs, the method produced invertible deformations. Overall, the mass preserving image registration method was ranked 20th out of 34 partic- ipants.
Clumsiness and Motor Competence in Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy

One of the main objectives of physical education and sport (PES) pedagogy in schools is to develop motor competence in children. While many schoolchildren practice sports, there is a group of children that does not receive the educational opportunities to be competent. These children show low motor competence and poor motor coordination. International agencies have called this condition as developmental coordination disorders (DCD) and its definition in short is “poor motor performance in daily activities that is not consistent with the child’s age and intelligence, and is not due to medical condition. ” Physical education and sport teachers are the first interventionist with these children. They have the first opportunity of providing primary care to these children. In this chapter, motor coordination problems in school, its prevalence, how these children learn, how physical education and sport teachers can detect them, and why physical education and sport pedagogy must be concerned with this problem, will be analyzed.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of silymarin components from milk thistle seeds (Silybum marianum L.).

Milk thistle seeds present high amount of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties. The extraction of these compounds may be considered a way to increase in value both agro-food by-products. Ultrasound is widely applied in extraction due to its effects (cavitation, micro-stirring or sponge effect) over the process. The aim of this work was to investigate the application of ultrasound on the extraction of phenolic compounds included in milk thistle. For that purpose, the extraction of phenolic compounds from milk thistle seeds, previously dried, was carried out with ultrasound assisted extraction at different time intervals (30, 60, 90, 120, 150 min) and classic solvent extraction using methanol as solvent while other factors (power, temperature etc.) being constant. At the same time silymarin content was determined by HPLC and their antioxidant properties were evaluated by determining its ability to scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical by measuring induction period. There were slight increases in the amount of phenolic content and antioxidant activity with increasing extraction times. It was found that the amount of total silymarin content varied from 0.77 to 1.37 g/100 g dried nonfat milk thistle sample and the extracts showed a DPPH inhibition that change between 30-60 %.