Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of Risk Grade Classification Model for Enterprises Based on Analytical Hierarchy Process

In view of the fact that the safety in production situation is stern,the Production Enterprise should enhance on own initiative strengthen of the safety supervision,the Government Department should raise the supervision efficiency,and as well as to narrow the gap with the overseas safety supervision and carry out gradually to risk classification of the safety supervision. This paper initiatively proposes the establishment of production enterprises risk index system,then utilizes the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to calculate risk relative weight,constructs the establishment risk classification of the safety supervision model,finally applies this model in investigating,sorting,classifying, and calculating the production enterprise’s data to achieve the quantification the enterprise safety supervision cycle. Through applying this model to carry on the actual confirmation to the Production Enterprises, adjust enterprise's production risk target promptly,revise the supervision classification,and carry on the safety production supervision to manage dynamically. Finally,to obtain"the enterprise personnel quality condition",the target relative weight of which is 0. 147 7,which is the conclusion that is the biggest target affects the enterprise production risk classification.
Active Nitrogen Cycle Driven by Solar Radiation in Clean Desert Air

Deserts have been recognized as constantly releasing reactive nitrogen compounds to the atmosphere due to the subsoil‐storage leaching and surface‐deposit evaporation induced by solar radiative heating. However, this release and the consequent response of the nitrogen cycles in desert air have not been evaluated and are overlooked in most regional and global models. In our nitrate measurements, including nitric acid and particulate nitrate, in clean air, that is, in the absence of or with minor anthropogenic influences, in a Chinese desert, diurnal nitrate variations consisting of daytime increases and nighttime decreases were observed in the range of 1.3–3.7 μgm−3 in summer, 0.1–2.6 μgm−3 in spring, and 0.2–1.3 μgm−3 in autumn. These values are considerably higher than those observed in remote marine and forest areas. Simulations with a regional transport model demonstrate that the variation could be largely accounted for by the oxidation of soil‐emitted reactive nitrogen compounds by photochemical‐reactions products. These results indicate an active nitrogen cycle in clean desert air, which is the consequence of the coordination of solar radiation‐induced surface soil emission and subsequent photochemical reactions. Satellite data of NO2 further indicate possible similar cycles in most major desert areas worldwide. By including this nitrogen cycle in the vast desert areas and its subsequent effects, such as those on ozone chemistry, climate models may thus provide a better understanding of the global nitrogen budget in the historical and developing Earth ecosystems.
Analysis of Reversible Network Covert Channels

In the last years, the utilization of information hiding techniques for empowering modern strains of malware has become a serious concern for security experts. Such an approach allows attackers to act in a stealthy manner, for instance, to covertly exfiltrate confidential data or retrieve additional command & control payloads for the operation of malware. Therefore, the deep understanding of data hiding mechanisms is a core requirement, as it allows designing effective countermeasures. Unfortunately, the most recent evolution of information-hiding-capable threats enjoys reversible properties, i.e., the abused network flow is restored to its original form. Hence, detection approaches based on the comparison of different traffic samples may not work anymore. In this paper, we further investigate various methods for performing reversible data hiding for network covert channels. Specifically, we extend our previous research by considering different scenarios focusing on IPv4 traffic and HTTP conversations. The results confirm that reversibility can be used in various network conditions and is not impaired by middleboxes. In addition, engineering countermeasures or mitigation techniques could be difficult, thus requiring to consider reversible mechanisms already in the early design stages of a protocol/deployment.
Mutational meltdown or controlled chain reaction: The dynamics of rapid plastome evolution in the hyperdiversity of Poaceae

The study of genomic structural evolution associated with accelerated evolutionary rates that result in avoidance of meltdown and increase biodiversity is becoming ever more possible as the number of available plastomes increases. To more comprehensively analyze rate heterogeneity among monocots and within Poaceae, we sequenced plastomes from four Poaceae species, combined them with publicly available data from ~200 plastomes, and conducted comparative analyses to quantify the pattern of rate heterogeneity between different lineages, functional groups, and periods of evolutionary time. We compared structural differences across the Poaceae to quantify how changes in plastome size correspond to different genomic subunits and the evolution of IR–SC junction boundaries. The substitution rates among ancestral Poaceae were inferred to be exceptionally rapid compared to other monocots but slowed after divergence into extant lineages, which could not be sufficiently explained by positive selection. As such, rapid rates in the ancestral lineage leading to Poaceae might be more closely linked to large‐scale structural changes like the loss of ycf1 and ycf2. The total increase in plastome size across Poaceae was positively correlated with the total length of intergenic spacers, tandem repeats, and dispersed repeats as well as large single copy, and inverted repeats (IRs). The continuous evolution of IR–SC junction boundaries was asynchronous with sizes of total genome and subunits across Poaceae. Future work is needed to better understand what factors in ancestral Poaceae evolved to harness such rapid rates of plastome evolution, avoid a mutational meltdown, and escape the stagnation of strong purifying selection as well as if these factors could be utilized to synthetically control rates.
An Ultra-Wideband Polarization Reconfigurable Slot Antenna Based on Liquid Metal

An ultra-wideband polarization reconfigurable slot antenna based on liquid metal (LM) is proposed. The Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) structure with microchannels are loaded on the upper and lower sides of the Rogers5880, to provide conditions for polarization reconfiguration. The left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), and linear polarization (LP) are achieved by injecting LM into microchannels in different directions. The simulation results show that the proposed antenna achieves - 10dB impedance bandwidth of 81.5% (2.29-5.44GHz) in LP state, -10dB impedance bandwidth of 48.3% (2.78-4.55GHz) and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 51.1% (2.61-4.40GHz) in CP state.
950 nm Femtosecond Laser by Directly Frequency-Doubling of a Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser

We demonstrate a compact and efficient femtosecond laser operating at ~950 nm by directly frequency-doubling of a mode-locked Tm-doped fiber laser. The laser is based on a highly compact architecture, with a dispersion-managed oscillator together with only one-step frequency conversion. The output pulse width is ~270 fs, with a repetition rate of 22.1 MHz and a pulse energy of 12.9 nJ. It is believed that the greatly simplified setup makes the current laser well suited for two-photon microscopy and other biomedical and clinical applications.
Labour market regulations and efficiency in tourism industry

This study examines the effect of the labour market regulations on Greek tourism industry performance. The tourism industry, the steam engine of the Greek economy, always drives to enhance efforts to reach further savings in operating costs. However, the labour regulations that influence the tourism sector’s ability to adjust costs have not been thoroughly investigated. We present a novel methodology that permits the evaluation of the effect of labour market regulations on technical and allocative efficiency in one step. The empirical results demonstrate the complexity of the relationship between labour regulations and efficiency. Labour market liberalization is associated with improvements in allocative efficiency but may have opposite effects on technical efficiency. Policymakers should pay attention to these complicated interactions when planning reforms on labour market. JEL codes: D24, D61, J30, J80, Z30
An improvement of wind gust estimate (WGE) method for squall lines

Abstract Severe wind gusts produced by squall lines are difficult to monitor and forecast. This paper assessed and improved the physics-based Brasseur WGE (wind gust estimate) method for diagnosing wind gust of squall lines by coupling the WGE methods with the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model. The simulation results show that the Brasseur WGE method accurately captured the strong gust feature with 32 m·s−1 maximum wind speed during the disastering Shipwreck event occurred over Yangtze River on 1 June 2015, but overestimated the extended area of severe gust speeds. Analysis of the kinematic structure and boundary-layer conditions of the squall line confirmed the theoretical applicability of the Brasseur WGE method for squall lines. A novel gust-front-area limiting method was introduced to modify the Brasseur WGE method, which effectively reduces its gust wind overestimation area. Furthermore, five squall line events occurred in the middle China during 2021 were simulated to test the modified WGE method and the results exhibit significant improvements to the wind gust forecasts, with an average false alarm rate decreased from 0.89 to 0.54, and the critical success index(CSI) increased from 0.1 to 0.4.
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)

Received Oct 29, 2021 Revised Dec 29, 2021 Accepted Jan 15, 2022 The goal of this paper is to help the agriculture to have consistent observation in the status of seeds in rice plants and have a good quality postproduction by classifying the seeds automatically leading to reduction of low-quality rice plants while achieving higher demands in exportation as the quality increases. Additionally, manually observing the seeds of rice plants does not give an accurate evaluation as factors such as fatigue and emotion can affect the result. Using image processing and color feature extraction, it extracted the red, green, and blue (RGB) color feature lying in the pixel point of the seed in the healthy and unhealthy images of rice plants and classified by coarse tree classifier (CTC). The classifier achieved a 100% accuracy and training time of 0.32189 seconds, hence the fitted machine learning approach in the study.
l1 Trend Filtering‐Based Detection of Short‐Term Slow Slip Events: Application to a GNSS Array in Southwest Japan

The discovery of slow slip events (SSEs) based on the installation of dense geodetic observation networks has provided important clues to understanding the process of stress release and accumulation in subduction zones. Because SSEs with durations of days to weeks do not often result in sufficient displacements that can be visually inspected, refined automated detection methods are required to understand the occurrence of SSEs. In this study, we propose a new method based on which SSEs can be detected in observations derived by a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) array by using l1 trend filtering, a variation of sparse estimation, in conjunction with combined p $p$ ‐value techniques. The sparse estimation technique and data‐driven determination of hyperparameters are utilized in the proposed method to identify candidates of the event onsets. In addition, combined p $p$ ‐value techniques are used to provide confidence values for the detections. The synthetic test demonstrated that the new method can detect 22 events of total 23 events and has only 1% false detections with the detection threshold 68%. The proposed method was then applied to daily displacements obtained at 39 GNSS stations in the Nankai subduction zone in western Shikoku, Southwest Japan. The results revealed that, in addition to all known events, new 12 events can be detected with the proposed method. Finally, we found the number of low‐frequency earthquakes in the target region increased around at the onsets of potential events.
Fixed-Frequency Beam-Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons

This paper presents a fixed-frequency beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on the spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) structure. A coplanar waveguide is adopted as the feed structure of the antenna. A radiating patch array is loaded beside the SSPPs transmission line, and the radiation state of each patch element is controlled by the loaded PIN diode. Beam scanning can be achieved using the period-reconfigurable method. Finally, a beam scanning range of 56° is realized at 13.5 GHz, with a peak gain of 9 dBi.
Paint / Writing Application through WebCam using MediaPipe and OpenCV

Writing, a cohesive form of communication that helps us convey our thoughts as efficiently as possible. But in today's modern world, typing is also considered as a way to record information along with writing. Characters or phrases are written withinside the unfastened area with a marker or finger. With the improvement of clever wearable gadgets, the virtual international can now be controlled with the aid of using human gestures. These wearable gadgets can understand and recognize our actions. Recognizing and interpreting a non-stop sequential gesture to circulate from the given set of input statistics is gesture recognition. Gestures are non-verbal information used to enhance laptop language understanding. Human gestures are perceived with the aid of using imaginative and prescient, and laptop imaginative and prescient is used to research diverse gestures. The project takes advantage of this gap and makes a speciality of growing a motion-to-textual content converter that can potentially serve as a program for clever wearable gadgets for writing in the thin air. The device will use the laptop imaginatively and presciently to hint the finger's path, and in that way, it is easy to write from above. The generated textual content also can be used for different purposes, the same as any different content would serve. It will be a whole new means of communication for the deaf as well. It is a powerful communication method that reduces mobile phone and computer utilization with the aid of disposing of what you want to write.
DUAL-BAND DUAL CIRCULAR POLARIZATION FILTER ANTENNA BASED ON TRANSMISSION LINE FEED

|The uplink and downlink of modern satellite communication systems operate on diﬀerent frequency bands. A novel dual-band dual circular polarization (cid:12)lter antenna with a single port is proposed in this paper. The dual-band characteristic of the antenna is obtained by exciting stacked patches. The antenna supports right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) at lower frequency band and left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) at higher frequency band, respectively. The feeding network is realized with a strip line, and the antenna can be equivalent to a parallel circuit. If the lower frequency patch works, the higher frequency patch presents high impedance, and vice versa. Therefore, the antenna has excellent (cid:12)ltering performance. The measurements of antenna prototype are in good agreement with the simulation results. The impedance bandwidth is 5.80{6.10 GHz and 9.20{10.64 GHz, and the axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is 40 MHz for lower band and 180 MHz for higher band, respectively. Meanwhile, the radiation pattern is stable in the operation frequency bands.
Toward Mobility-Aware Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in End–Edge–Cloud Orchestrated Computing

Mobile devices (MDs) have undergone a booming development, yet are still capacity limited in computation and energy resources and thus could face troubles when serving computation-intensive and delay-sensitive applications. Mobile-edge computing (MEC) has been proposed to accommodate MDs with both satisfactory latency and acceptable resources, by offloading MDs’ tasks to near-deployed edge servers (ESs). Whereas, offloading tasks solely to ESs are difficult to meet distinct requirements of various applications, which leads to the emergence of end–edge–cloud orchestrated computing (EECOC). However, studies on EECOC are still insufficient, most existing of which do not consider MDs’ dynamical movements partly due to the intractability of associating optimal ESs with moving MDs. To address the issue, a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based mobility-aware (MA) EECOC scheduling approach is proposed in this article. With the goal of minimizing maximal task latency, we first formulate and transform the optimization problem into a Markov decision problem (MDP). Then, we enable DRL with elaborately designed reward functions and integrate it with NoisyNet to obtain near-optimal solutions. Furthermore, a MA component based on ConvLSTM is developed to extract MDs’ temporal–spatial distribution features and predict their movements, which are further utilized to facilitate the decision making of computation-offloading and resource-allocation actions. Extensive experimental results indicate the promising performance improvements of our approach against the state-of-the-art approaches in various scenarios.
Molecular Evolutionary Rate Predicts Intraspecific Genetic Polymorphism and Species-Specific Selection

It is unknown what determines genetic diversity and how genetic diversity is associated with various biological traits. In this work, we provide insight into these issues. By comparing genetic variation of 14,671 mammalian gene trees with thousands of individual human, chimpanzee, gorilla, mouse, and dog/wolf genomes, we found that intraspecific genetic diversity can be predicted by long-term molecular evolutionary rates rather than de novo mutation rates. This relationship was established during the early stage of mammalian evolution. Moreover, we developed a method to detect fluctuations of species-specific selection on genes based on the deviations of intraspecific genetic diversity predicted from long-term rates. We showed that the evolution of epithelial cells, rather than connective tissue, mainly contributed to morphological evolution of different species. For humans, evolution of the immune system and selective sweeps caused by infectious diseases are the most representative examples of adaptive evolution.
Assessing The Environmental Impact Of Wastewater Treatment Plants By Chemometric Approach

This paper presents the results of principal factor analysis technique (PFA) developed for a 3-year study (2010–2012) on two urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) situated in Murcia, Southeast of Spain. One of them receives wastewater for a medium-sized city (WWTP1), with an important industrial area, and the other one treats only domestic wastewater from a small-sized town (WWTP2), with slightly different treatment systems between them. Process performance and operation of WWTP are carried out to ensure their compliance with legislative requirements imposed by European Union. Because high amounts of variables are daily measured, a coherent and structured approach of such a system is required to understand its inherent behavior and performance efficiency. In this sense, PFA as a chemometric technique allowed us to investigate and propose a data reduction that allowed to group water-quality variables into selected factors with common features to describe the behavior of both plants, and their similarities and differences. Four main factors were extracted for WWTP1, associated with the presence of nutrients, the ionic component, the organic load to the plant, and the efficiency of the whole process, with an explaining variance of 62.12%. For WWTP2, also four main components were extracted, explaining 63.82% of the variance. These factors were pollution load to the plant, pollution output, marine intrusion, and, finally, the ionic component of water. The geochemical background composition of water in this zone and the important use of fertilizers in agriculture appeared to be two significant factors driving the results.
The Influence of Humidity-Control Addition on Electrospinning System for Nanofiber Formation

This research was conducted to determine the effect of humidity control system and collector rotational speed on electrospinning during PVA nanofiber fabrication. The humidity control system is controlled by Arduino Uno and the actuator is an air pump, and modifications are made to the air pump by adding silica gel as a more optimal humidity reducing agent. A 12 V DC-motor and L293D driver are used to control the direction and speed of rotation of the collector. The collector speed control uses the principle of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The humidity control system that has been made has an accuracy rate of more than 88%, and the lowest relative humidity achieved is 30%. The collector control system that has been made has an accuracy rate of more than 95%, and the lowest rotational speed is 125 RPM. Carbon nanofiber was successfully fabricated with an average diameter distribution of 43.4 nm and 79.2 nm at 30% and 40% humidity, respectively.
A Low-Angle Tracking Error Analysis Method in Maritime Environment

This paper presents a low-angle tracking error analysis model based on the two-way parabolic equation (2WPE) method in maritime environment. The estimation of elevation error is carried out based on the improved fractal sea surface model with different wind speeds. Furthermore, the presence of noise in the receiving channel is also considered. The simulation results show that the presented model well represents the effect of the rough sea surface on the low-angle tracking application.
Research and Design of High-Fidelity Experimental Bed System for Wireless Sensor Network

Through in-depth analysis of the typical international wireless sensor network experimental system, the current design generally lacks the real-time diagnosis of the health state of the fault node and the experimental platform, the management and control mechanism to minimize the interference of the experimental task, and the highly integrated and friendly experimental entrance, which will have an obvious distortion impact on the experimental results. In view of the above shortcomings, on the basis of fully absorbing the design advantages in this research field, this paper studies and designs a high fidelity WSN experimental system, which covers the elements of open source, heterogeneity, analysis visualization, and experimental repeatability and innovates the mechanisms of real-time diagnosis, hierarchical parallel control, and TDMA to collect a large amount of experimental data. In order to support a variety of applications based on IEEE802.15. 4 band, a high-fidelity and user-friendly experimental platform software and hardware system with 15 clusters and 130 heterogeneous nodes is studied and designed, which can simulate outdoor mesh networks with more than 6 hops. This paper is designed and implemented on Linux open-source platform. The whole system has low cost and can be replicated. The design results have good reference and application value for the research and design of wireless sensor network experimental system.