Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Educating Transnationally Mobile Students: A Multidimensional Framework

The back and forth migration of children and youth between the United States and Mexico has created a unique group of approximately nine million “students we share” who have been educated in both countries (Jensen and Sawyer 2013). The social, political, and economic interconnectivity of the United States and Mexico suggests that these trends are likely to continue, making the education of transnationally mobile students, or those students who have formative schooling experiences in both countries, a topic in critical need of research. This article presents findings from a systematic literature review and describes how sociopolitical, sociocultural, sociolinguistic, and socioemotional factors influence transnationally mobile students’ educational experiences. We assert that future research on transnational education within the US-Mexico nexus and beyond should attend to the interconnectedness of these dimensions, rather than viewing them in isolation.
Implication of synaptotagmins 4 and 7 in activity-dependent somatodendritic dopamine release in the ventral midbrain

Dopamine (DA) neurons can release DA not just from axon terminals, but also from their somatodendritic (STD) compartment through a mechanism that is still incompletely understood. Using voltammetry in mouse mesencephalic brain slices, we find that STD DA release has low capacity and shows a calcium sensitivity that is comparable to that of axonal release. We find that the molecular mechanism of STD DA release differs from axonal release with regard to the implication of synaptotagmin (Syt) calcium sensors. While individual constitutive knockout of Syt4 or Syt7 is not sufficient to reduce STD DA release, the removal of both isoforms reduces this release by approximately 50%, leaving axonal release unimpaired. Our work unveils clear differences in the mechanisms of STD and axonal DA release.
Interannual Spatial Variability of the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool and the Impacts on Marine Protected Areas in the Mexican Pacific

ABSTRACT López-Magaña, J.; Hurtado-Oliva, M.A.; Guzón-Zatarain, O. , and Manzano-Sarabia, M. , 2022. Interannual spatial variability of the western hemisphere warm pool and the impacts on marine protected areas in the Mexican Pacific. Journal of Coastal Research, 38(2), 319–327. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The Western Hemisphere Warm Pool is the second warmest body of water on Earth and has been highlighted according to its significant influence on ocean and atmosphere components. This study focuses on the comparison of the interannual spatial variability of the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool in the Eastern Pacific (WHWP-EP) according to satellite-derived data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer. Secondly, the response of chlorophyll a (Chla) as a proxy of phytoplankton was evaluated for Marine Protected Areas (MPAs, which are considered the main tool for conservation of biological diversity) located in the Mexican Pacific with emphasis on anomalous events of the WHWP-EP. The response was predominantly negative, particularly in MPAs located in the Deep Mexican Pacific and southern Gulf of California, while the Midriff islands area (central Gulf of California) was not statistically significant due to the known higher resilience to warm events. Observed trends in the extension of the WHWP-EP and negative response of Chl-a in most of the MPAs highlight the need to consider phytoplankton in marine planning and management strategies, particularly in the area known as Deep Mexican Pacific, where MPAs has been reported with a lack of management effectiveness.
Dissecting Differential Complex Behavioral Responses to Simulated Space Radiation Exposures

This study has established the impact that space radiation exposure has on the capability of rats to successfully negotiate behavioral tasks of increasing complexity. Rats previously exposed to a low dose (10 cGy) of either 4He ions or a cocktail of 6 ions that simulates the galactic cosmic ray spectrum (GCRSim) were screened initially on an attentional set shifting (ATSET) task that provides a measure of executive function. Rats that exhibited superior ATSET performance were then selected for follow up behavioral assessments designed to evaluate how the cohort of “good performers” would fare when presented with a novel behavioral paradigm termed the Associative Recognition Memory and Interference Touchscreen (ARMIT) task. Central to this approach was to discriminate if/how adaptive problem solving would be impacted by changing the options of associative cues presented over several learning sessions to obtain a reward under time constraints using this newly designed touch screen-based task. Data from these studies indicated that when faced with an increased cognitive load, possibly due to interference from prior associative recognition memories, rats exhibited impairments in their capability to negotiate task dynamics and efficiently engage abstract reasoning. Interestingly, while exposure to the GCRSim adversely impacted problem-solving capabilities, single ion exposure did not, pointing to the nuances of space radiation exposure on CNS functionality. Since the selected behavioral paradigms exhibit strong cross-species correlates, data suggest that rodents succumb to increased task rigor as observed in humans, and make similar mistakes when challenged with the interference of overlapping associative memories. Furthermore, data clearly points to the limitations of over-reliance on a single cognitive endpoint that may underestimate global neurocognitive risk due to space radiation exposure.
Determining Carbon Dioxide Emission Response in Soil Microcosms from a Shallow Mid-Atlantic Peatland: The Influence of Water Table Restoration

ABSTRACT Johnson, A.M.; Atkinson, R.B. ; Steven, J.C. ; Whiting, G. ; Napora, K. ; Sharrett, L. , and Mirda, C. , 2022. Determining carbon dioxide emission response in soil microcosms from a shallow mid-Atlantic peatland: The influence of water table restoration. Journal of Coastal Research, 38(2), 261–268. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Determining carbon dioxide emission response in shallow microcosms from a shallow mid-Atlantic peatland: The influence of water table restoration. Peatlands provide ecosystem services such as pollution filtration, flood control, and carbon storage as these ecosystems contain 33% to 50% of the global soil carbon pool. Reestablishing soil saturation in degraded peatlands can limit microbial oxidation of organic matter; however, drainage history may alter soil saturation patterns and challenge restoration efforts. The purpose of this study was to investigate carbon emission response to water table restoration for two shallow peatlands including a Histosol and an Ultisol with divergent drainage histories. Soil cores were gathered from the top 22.5 cm of organic-rich surface horizons within Cavalier Wildlife Management Area in Chesapeake, Virginia. Cores were randomly assigned to four water level treatments that simulated restoration conditions, and carbon dioxide emissions were measured using an LI-6400XT portable open-flow photosynthesis system twice a week for 4 weeks. Despite higher organic matter content in the long-drained site, emissions (2.1 to 3.9 µmol CO2 m–2 s–1) were higher than at the historically less drained site (1.5 to 2.3 µmol CO2 m–2 s–1). Volumetric water content trends revealed that longer-drained soils retained lower water content within restoration treatments and were associated with higher carbon emissions. Restoration of long-drained peats in the mid-Atlantic region may require higher water tables than otherwise predicted to overcome a resistance to rewetting where limiting microbial soil respiration is a management objective.
The Biodiversity of Epilithic Microalgal Communities Colonising a Central Mediterranean Coastline

ABSTRACT Schembri, S. and Zammit, G. , 2022. The biodiversity of epilithic microalgal communities colonising a central Mediterranean coastline. Journal of Coastal Research, 38(2), 249–260. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Microbial communities colonise the coastal ecosystem around the Maltese islands. However, such communities are understudied, both in Malta and in the central Mediterranean. This research aims to increase current knowledge about the biodiversity of phototrophic communities growing along a central Mediterranean rocky shoreline and is the first such study to be performed on microorganisms growing in epilithic biofilms and microbial mats along the coastline in the Maltese islands. Samples were obtained using techniques that were noninvasive to the underlying substratum. These were studied by direct observation using light and electron microscopy, by culturing in vitro, by molecular analysis via sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid genes and phylogenetic analyses. Microscopic analyses revealed highly diverse communities made of both photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms. The predominant microorganisms were simple filamentous cyanobacteria including species of Leptolyngbya, Phormidesmis, Nodosilinea, Toxifilum, Phormidium, and Lyngbya, as well as heterocytous Calothrix and Nunduva spp. The coccal cyanobacteria included species of Aphanocapsa and Chroococcus, whereas coccal microalgae belonged to Chlorella, Chlamydomonas, and Coelastrella spp. , accompanied by diatoms of Navicula sp. These results include first records of cyanobacterial and microalgal barcodes that were genetically sequenced from a coastline in the central Mediterranean. Germlings of the filamentous macroalga Cladophora were embedded in the rocky substrate that was preconditioned by biofilm growth and ciliated protozoans, micronematodes, and microcrustaceans interacted with the microbial communities. The isolation of new cyanobacterial and microalgal strains from these phototrophic communities highlights the importance of employing a combined multiphasic approach to supplement current knowledge about the biodiversity of microbial communities colonising rocky shores.
ECG Prediction based on Bidirectional Time Series Chain Discovery Algorithm

Time series chains are a set of subsequence patterns arranged in chronological order, such that each pattern is similar to the one before it, but the first and last patterns can be arbitrarily different. At present, time series chain discovery algorithms have been widely applied in various fields. However, the existing algorithms are difficult to define initial features and have high time complexity. To overcome these limitations, we propose a shapelet-based bidirectionally time series chain discovery algorithm, which adopts shapelet as initial pattern to bidirectional discover time series chain. Case study on ECG dataset shows that the proposed algorithm can reveal the dynamic evolution of time series. At the same time, we also present the case study on time series prediction. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, meanwhile, the algorithm can provide useful insights for heart disease patients.
From Crowdsourced Software Development to Crowdtesting

Crowdsourcing Software Development (CSD) has existed and developed for many years. Over the years, CSD has made new progress and changes. The original intention of CSD is to reduce the cost of software development. However, the crowdsourcing approach encountered difficulties in software development, so it turned to software testing. Crowdsourcing Software Testing (CST) has had some successful cases. It has many advantages, such as reducing the cost and time of software testing. In this paper, we analyze the problems that crowdsourcing faces in software development and come to the view that crowdsourcing is more suitable for software testing. We analyzed the Quadrilateral Co-petition Model in the CST platforms, and gave the methods for optimization. We also proposed a new software testing program that integrates open source sharing and crowdsourcing methods.
Automated Analysis of Blood Smear Images for Leukemia Detection: A Comprehensive Review

Leukemia, the malignancy of blood-forming tissues, becomes fatal if not detected in the early stages. It is detected through a blood smear test that involves the morphological analysis of the stained blood slide. The manual microscopic examination of slides is tedious, time-consuming, error-prone, and subject to inter-observer and intra-observer bias. Several computerized methods to automate this task have been developed to alleviate these problems during the past few years. However, no exclusive comprehensive review of these methods has been presented to date. Such a review shall be highly beneficial for novice readers interested in pursuing research in this domain. This article fills the void by presenting a comprehensive review of 149 papers detailing the methods used to analyze blood smear images and detect leukemia. The primary focus of the review is on presenting the underlying techniques used and their reported performance, along with their merits and demerits. It also enumerates the research issues that have been satisfactorily solved and open challenges still existing in the domain.
A novel self-adaptive convolutional neural network model using spatial pyramid pooling for 3D lung nodule computer-aided diagnosis

Abstract This research proposes a novel self-adaptive convolutional neural network (Adap-Net) model for lung nodule diagnosis on 3D computed tomography (CT) images. Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers with a high mortality rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to diagnose lung nodules to improve the survival rate, which is challenging because of the nodule heterogeneity and the lack of annotated lung nodule images. Prevailing research for lung nodule diagnosis usually ignores the nodule heterogeneity problem and enlarges the model complexity that degrades the lung nodule diagnosis performance given limited annotated training samples. To overcome the challenges, a transverse layer pooling (TLP) algorithm is proposed and the spatial pyramid pooling (SPP) scheme is integrated, which makes it possible to adaptively extract equal-dimensional feature representations from arbitrary-sized 3D lung nodule images. Meanwhile, the TLP algorithm introduces a layer compression architecture that dramatically reduces the model complexity. Moreover, K-means clustering is adopted to assign appropriate input image sizes for each lung nodule, allowing the mini-batch-based model training. The proposed Adap-Net is comprehensively evaluated and compared to other deep learning (DL) models using 3D CT images from a public dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed Adap-Net model improves the lung nodule diagnosis accuracy up to 12.12% with less than 10% of parameters that are involved in other DL models. In practice, the proposed Adap-Net model can offer complementary opinions in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems as a supportive tool for radiologists and physicians in the medical image interpretation, analysis, and diagnosis process.
Developing weight navigation program to support personalized and effective obesity management in primary care settings: protocol for a quality improvement program with an embedded single-arm pilot study

Abstract Background: Primary care providers (PCPs) are expected to help patients with obesity to lose weight through behavior change counseling and patient-centered use of available weight management resources. Yet, many PCPs face knowledge gaps and clinical time constraints that hinder their ability to successfully support patients’ weight loss. Fortunately, a small and growing number of physicians are now certified in obesity medicine through the American Board of Obesity Medicine (ABOM) and can provide personalized and effective obesity treatment to individual patients. Little is known, however, about how to extend the expertise of ABOM-certified physicians to support PCPs and their many patients with obesity. Aim: To develop and pilot test an innovative care model – the Weight Navigation Program (WNP) – to integrate ABOM-certified physicians into primary care settings and to enhance the delivery of personalized, effective obesity care. Methods: Quality improvement program with an embedded, 12-month, single-arm pilot study. Patients with obesity and ≥1 weight-related co-morbidity may be referred to the WNP by PCPs. All patients seen within the WNP during the first 12 months of clinical operations will be compared to a matched cohort of patients from another primary care site. We will recruit a subset of WNP patients (n = 30) to participate in a remote weight monitoring pilot program, which will include surveys at 0, 6, and 12 months, qualitative interviews at 0 and 6 months, and use of an electronic health record (EHR)-based text messaging program for remote weight monitoring. Discussion: Obesity is a complex chronic condition that requires evidence-based, personalized, and longitudinal care. To deliver such care in general practice, the WNP leverages the expertise of ABOM-certified physicians, health system and community weight management resources, and EHR-based population health management tools. The WNP is an innovative model with the potential to be implemented, scaled, and sustained in diverse primary care settings.
New trematode species Lecithostaphylus halongi n. sp. (Zoogonidae, Microphalloidea) and Gymnotergestia strongyluri n. sp. (Fellodistomidae, Gymnophalloidea) from beloniform fishes in Vietnam

Abstract In this study we described two new trematode species, Lecithostaphylus halongi n. sp. (Zoogonidae, Lecithostaphylinae) and Gymnotergestia strongyluri n. sp. (Fellodistomidae, Tergestiinae), on the basis of morphological and molecular data. Adult worms of these two species were collected from, respectively, Hemiramphus spp. (Hemiramphidae) and Strongylura strongylura (Belonidae) caught in the coastal waters of Vietnam. Adult worms of L. halongi n. sp. are morphologically close to Lecithostaphylus gibsoni Cribb, Bray & Barker, 1992 ex Abudefduf whitleyi from Heron Island and Lecithostaphylus depauperati Yamaguti, 1970 ex Hemiramphus depauperatus from Hawaii, but differ from these species in having a larger cirrus sac and a different arrangement of vitelline fields. They also differ from Lecithostaphylus brayi Cabañas-Granillo, Solórzano-García, Mendoza-Garfias & Pérez-Ponce de León, 2020 in the 28S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence data at the interspecific level. Adult worms of G. strongyluri n. sp. ex S. strongylura are morphologically similar to Gymnotergestia chaetodipteri, the only previously known species of this genus, described from Chaetodipterus faber in Jamaica. The new species differs from G. chaetodipteri in body shape, testicular arrangement and the size of the pharynx and eggs. The 28S rDNA-based phylogenetic analysis indicates that G. strongyluri n. sp. is closely related to Tergestia spp. , rendering Tergestia paraphyletic. Genetic divergence values between G. strongyluri n. sp. and Tergestia spp. are similar to those among species in the genera Tergestia, Steringophorus and Proctoeces. Our molecular results indicate that G. strongyluri n. sp. and Tergestia spp. may belong the same genus, but additional molecular data are needed for the final conclusion.
Preliminary-Design Aerodynamic Model for Complex Configurations Using Lifting-Line Coupling Algorithm

A modern nonlinear-lifting-line-theory algorithm allowing the prediction of aerodynamic coefficients and lifting-surface-pressure distribution for multiple aircraft configurations is presented. The algorithm is applied to isolated wing, high-lift systems (slat/main/flap), and multisurface configurations, with emphasis on the treatment of high-lift geometry representations. The fuselage is not geometrically modeled, but its influence is appropriately taken into account for the aerodynamic-coefficient evaluation. The results show good agreements with wind-tunnel and/or high-fidelity numerical data for the prediction of the maximum lift coefficient and the poststall behavior in subsonic and transonic conditions. The use of sectional airfoil data obtained via solutions of the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with infinite-swept-wing assumptions—so-called 2.5-dimensional model—is shown to greatly improve the results over traditional two-dimensional solutions.
Nobody cares about us: COVID-19 and voices of refugees from Aotearoa New Zealand

ABSTRACT Aotearoa New Zealand’s pandemic communication approach amidst the COVID-19 (C19) has been applauded around the world. The New Zealand government’s border controls and other measures in response to C19 impacted refugees at the margins and prevented people from accessing support services and healthcare. The sanctioned power to ‘care’ thus became a performative form of power for silencing through the dismissing of voices of refugees as being irrelevant. Experiences of refugees at the margins are constructed amid the erasure of community voices in dominant approaches to health. What was missing from the dominant discourses was the voice of the refugees, who had gone through painful experiences of displacement and resettlement. How did the refugee communities at the margins of Aotearoa New Zealand navigate through the prevailing structural impediments to health during the pandemic? In this study, we use a culture- centred analysis to centre the structural context of disenfranchisement during the COVID-19 lockdown. Drawing on in-depth interviews with refugee participants, we attend to how health is negotiated in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown response at the margins. Infectious diseases such asC19 lay bare the structural determinants that create health and well-being challenges among refugee communities in New Zealand. The narratives point out that the one-size-fits-all approach of the government left behind refugees at the margins during the C19 in the public health efforts.
The crystal structure of (E)-3-chloro-2-(2-(4-fluorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl)pyridine, C12H9ClFN3

Abstract C12H9ClFN3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.120(4) Å, b = 13.823(6) Å, c = 16.480(7) Å, β = 91.744(8)°, V = 2304.4(17) Å3, Z = 8, R gt (F) = 0.0402, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0932, T = 113.15 K.
Informatic analysis of the pulmonary microecology in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis at three different stages

Abstract This study explored the impact of pulmonary microecological changes on disease progression in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (nCFB). A careful search of the NCBI BioProject database revealed the 16S rRNA-based microbiological testing results of 441 pulmonary sputum samples from patients in the relatively stable (baseline), acute exacerbation, or recovery stage. After preliminary analysis and screening, we selected 152 samples for further analyses, including determination of the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) distribution at the phylum, class, order, family and genus levels, community structure, alpha diversity, beta diversity, microbial multivariables, correlations, and community structure after the abundances of intragroup samples were averaged. The recovery group showed significant differences in pulmonary microbiological changes (P < 0.05) compared with the other groups. There were 30 differentially abundant OTUs, with 27 and 7 at the genus and phylum levels, respectively. The Chao1 value of the recovery group was comparable to that of the baseline group, and the Shannon and Simpson values of the recovery group were the highest. Rhodococcus in Actinobacteria was positively correlated with Ochrobactrum in Firmicutes. The differences in pulmonary microecological changes at different nCFB stages may serve as a biologically predictive indicator of nCFB progression.