Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adjusting for Inﬂation and Higher Surgery Costs in a Cost-Effectiveness Study of Spinal Surgery

TO THE EDITOR: We read with interest the article by Tosteson and colleagues (1) regarding the cost-effectiveness of surgical treatment of spinal stenosis with or without degenerative spondylolisthesis. However, the health economic conclusions of the article may be more favorable than suggested by the authors because of the need to adjust the frame of reference to U.S. dollars and to adjust for inflation. The authors refer to an article by Laupacis and colleagues (2) as a guide to determining whether a health intervention is considered “costly” or not. Two factors need to be kept in mind about this reference. First, the guidelines by Laupacis and colleagues for interpreting health economic data were calculated in Canadian dollars at a time when the U.S. dollar was stronger. Second, Laupacis and colleagues’ guidelines were based on the Canadian dollar in 1990, 14 years before the year used by Tosteson and colleagues (2004) to standardize the health costs. Inflation over that period means that the value of a dollar in 2004 was not the same as in 1990. Laupacis and colleagues suggest that interventions that cost more than CAN $100 000 per quality-adjusted life-year gained provide “weak evidence for adoption” (that is, are “costly”). On the basis of the exchange rate in mid-1990, this would equate to U.S. $85 771 at that time (3). Adjusting for inflation in the United States between mid1990 and mid-2004 increases this to U.S. $123 964 (4). On the basis of this standard, both of the interventions studied by Tosteson and colleagues (spinal stenosis surgery and spondylolisthesis surgery) could be considered cost-effective after converting to U.S. dollars and accounting for inflation.
RELATIVELY PATH-CONNECTED ORTHOMODULAR LATTICES

Every irreducible block-finite orthomodular lattice is simple [9] and every irreducible orthomodular alttice such that no proper p-ideal of L contains infinitely many commutators is simple [5]. Every finite (height) OML L which does not belong to the varitety generated by MO2 has one of the OML MO3, 2.2, D OMLHOUSE as the homomorpyhic image of a subalgebra of L [3]. In this paper, we extend these results.s.
Altered patterns and connectivity during picture in autism.

Similar behavioral deﬁcits are shared between individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and their ﬁrst-degree relatives, such as impaired face memory, object recognition, and some language aspects. Functional neuroimaging studies have reported abnormalities in ASD in at least one brain area implicated in those functions, the fusiform gyrus (FG). High frequency oscillations have also been described as abnormal in ASD in a separate line of research. The present study examined whether low- and high-frequency oscillatory power, localized in part to FG and other language-related regions, differs in ASD subjects and ﬁrst-degree relatives.Twelve individuals with ASD, 16 parents of children with ASD, and 35 healthy controls participated in a picture-naming task using magnetoencephalography (MEG) to assess oscillatory power and connectivity. Relative to controls, we observed reduced evoked high-gamma activity in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) and reduced high-beta/low-gamma evoked power in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in the ASD group. Finally, reductions in phase-locked beta-band were also seen in the ASD group relative to controls, especially in the occipital lobes (OCC). First degree relatives, in contrast, exhibited higher high-gamma band power in the left STG compared with controls, as well as increased high-beta/low-gamma evoked power in the left FG. In the left hemisphere, beta- and gamma-band functional connectivity between the IFG and FG and between STG and OCC were higher in the autism group than in controls.This suggests that, contrary to what has been previously described, reduced connectivity is not observed across all scales of observation in autism. The lack of behavioral correlation for the ﬁndings warrants some caution in interpreting the relevance of such changes for language function in ASD. Our ﬁndings in parents implicates the gamma- and beta-band ranges as potential compensatory phenomena in autism relatives.
Gauge and spacetime connections in the Plebanski formulation of complex general relativity

The Plebanski formulation of complex general relativity is given in terms of variables valued in the complexification of the $so(3)$ Lie algebra. Therefore, it is genuinely a gauge theory that is also diffeomorphism-invariant. For this reason, the way that the Levi-Civita connection emerges from this formulation is not direct because both the internal (gauge) and the spacetime connections are geometrical structures a priori not related, there is not a natural link between them. Any possible relationship must be put in by hand or must come from extra hypotheses. In this paper, we analyze the correct relationship between these connections and show how they are related.
Regulation of Mouse Neuropeptide Y Y 1 Receptor Gene Transcription: A Potential Role for Nuclear Factor- (cid:107) B/Rel Proteins

We previously isolated a 1.3-kb genomic fragment in the 5 (cid:57) flanking region of the murine neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y 1 receptor gene, which is able to drive the expression of LacZ reporter gene in neuronal cells. We determined the ability of deletion mutants of this region to modulate transcription of the heterologous luciferase gene in the Y 1 receptor-expressing neuroblas- toma/glioma NG108-15 cells and the Y 1 receptor-deficient 293 cells. Results suggest the presence of a cell type-specific core promoter ( (cid:50) 399 to (cid:50) 218 from the initiator ATG) and, upstream, of two positive and two negative regulatory elements. Se- quence analysis of the Y 1 receptor promoter identified two decameric sequences corresponding to consensus binding sites for nuclear factor- (cid:107) B/Rel proteins. Gel shift analysis indicated that a 29-bp oligonucleotide comprising the two putative (cid:107) B sites, which we refer to as Y 1 - (cid:107) B sequence, specifically binds (cid:107) B-related complexes in nuclear extracts from rat brain areas, NG108-15 cells, and the murine T cell clone A.E7. In nuclear extracts from A.E7 and NG108-15 cells, the Y 1 - (cid:107) B sequence specifically binds an additional complex whose mo- lecular nature remains to be elucidated. transient transfection that the Y 1 se- acts as an enhancer element, inferring its potential role in regulation of the 1 receptor binding 32 probes competition 32
E¡ects of nitrite on ammonia-oxidizing activityand gene regulation in three ammonia-oxidizing bacteria

Nitrite is the highly toxic end product of ammonia oxidation that accumulates in the absence of a nitrite-consuming process and is inhibitory to nitrifying and other bacteria. The effects of nitrite on ammonia oxidation rates and regulation of a common gene set were compared in three ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) to determine whether responses to this toxic metabolite were uniform. Mid-exponential-phase cells of Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718, Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196, and Nitrosomonas eutropha C-91 were incubated for 6 h in mineral medium supplemented with 0, 10, or 20 mM NaNO 2 . The rates of ammonia oxidation (nitrite production) decreased signiﬁcantly only in NaNO 2 supplemented incubations of N. eutropha ; no signiﬁcant effect on the rates was observed for N. europaea or N. multiformis . The levels of norB (nitric oxide reductases), cytL (cytochrome P460), and cytS (cytochrome c 0 - b ) mRNA were unaffected by nitrite in all strains. The levels of nirK (nitrite reductase) mRNA increased only in N. europaea in response to nitrite (10 and 20 mM). Nitrite (20 mM) signiﬁcantly reduced the mRNA levels of amoA (ammonia monooxygenase) in N. multiformis and norS (nitric oxide reductase) in the two Nitrosomonas spp. Differences in response to nitrite indicated nonuniform adaptive and regulatory strategies of AOB, even between closely related species. when using absolute amoA gene expression as a proxy for acute rates of ammonia-oxidizing activity.
Noyaux rationnels et automates d'arbres

Dans le cas des mots, un schema general de calcul des noyaux rationnels a ete propose. Il repose sur un algorithme general de composition des transducteurs ponderes et un algorithme general de calcul de plus petite distances. Notre objectif est de generaliser ce schema de calcul aux cas des arbres en utilisant les automates d’arbres. Pour ce faire, nous avons fixe les deux objectifs principaux suivants : D’une part, definir les automates d’arbres pour le calcul des noyaux des sousarbres, des sous-sequences d’arbres et des facteurs d’arbres. D’autre part, a partir d’une expression rationnelle d’arbres, construire un automate d’arbres pour le calcul des differents noyaux rationnels decrits par des expressions rationnelles d’arbres en utilisant le schema suivant sur deux langages d’arbres L1 et L2 : KE (L1;L2) = (AL1 \ AE \ AL2). Nous avons explore et propose des algorithmes efficaces pour la conversion d’une expression rationnelle d’arbres en automates d’arbres. Le premier algorithme calcule, a partir d’une expression rationnelle d’arbres E de taille jEj et de largeur alphabetique jjEjj, les ensembles Follow en temps O(jjEjj jEj). Le second algorithme calcule l’automate d’arbres des equations via les k-C-Continuations qui est base sur la minimisation acyclique de Revuz. Cet algorithme calcule l’automate des equations avec une complexite e temps et en espace en O(jQj jEj) ou jQj est le nombre d’etats de l’automate produit. Ensuite, nous avons concu des algorithmes pour le calcul des noyaux des sous-arbres, des sous-sequences d’arbres et des facteurs d’arbres. Notre Approche est basee sur la representation de l’ensemble d’arbres S = fs1; : : : ; sng (resp. T = ft1; : : : ; tmg) par un automate d’arbres pondere particulier baptise Root Automate d’Arbres Pondere, le RAAP AS (resp. AT ) (equivalent a l’automate des prefixes dans le cas des mots) tel que jASj Pn P i=1 jsij = jSj (resp. JAT j # m j=1 jtj j = jTj) ; puis de calculer les noyaux entre les deux ensembles S et T. Ceci revient au calcul du poids de l’automate intersection AS \ AT. Nous montrons que le calcul du noyau K(S; T) peut se faire en temps et en espace O(jASj jAT j).
The Influence of Employee Training and Discipline Work against Employee Performance PT. Merpati Nusantara Airlines (Persero)

This research aims to know and test whether there is influence of employee training, discipline working simultaneously and partially against the performance of employees, while the second to know and test between two variables where employee training and discipline work the most dominant and influential on the performance of employees in SBU Pigeons Maintenance Facility at Surabaya, PT Merpati Nusantara Airlines (Persero). This research method using a quantitative approach, with a population of 147 employee by using Sample totaled 107 employees. While its analysis technique using Multiple Linear Regression Statistics. The technique used is the sample determination technique where random sampling with this sampling technique researchers randomly sampled. Where every Member of a population is given the same rights or portion to be used as a sample of the research. The process of sampling done by the employee name and the other in the name of the exit numbers were drawn in, then the person who made the research sample. Furthermore the names that are listed in the research sample group given questionnaires as a means of data collection. The results of this research is the correlation coefficient (R) is equal to 0.616; indicates that there is a strong link between training and discipline work against the performance of employees. Whereas the coefficient of determination (R square) of 0.379. From the results of the hypothesis that the value of the F test results obtained with the values F calculate = 31,740 sig. = 0.000 (0.000  0.05), it means the training and discipline of the influential work simultaneously towards the performance of employees. Hypothesis testing and the results obtained the training variables t calculate = sig-value 5,185.0000 and work discipline t calculate = sig-value 2,285.0024. Keyword: employee training, employee performance, work discipline
Differential expression of Ran-binding protein 2 (RanBP2) and Targeting Protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells

RanGTPase is overexpressed in various human cancer cell lines . RanGTPase - related genes are essential for viability of head and neck cancer cell lines . However, it is currently unclear whether RanGTPase play a role in metastasis of head and neck cancer . This study aimed to examine mRNA and protein expressions of RanGTPase in primary and metastatic head and neck cancer cell lines using real - time PCR and Western blot analyses . Three pairs of head and neck cancer cell lines were used . HN18, HN30 and HN4 were derived from primary lesions, whereas HN17, HN31 and HN12 were derived from metastasis lesions from to same patients, respectively . The results were compared to those obtained from HaCat, an immortalized non - tumorigenic human keratinocyte cell line . Cells were cultured and total RNA was extracted and converted to complementary DNA . Expression at the mRNA level of Ran , KPNB1 , RanBP2 , and TPX2 was monitored using real - time PCR . GAPDH was used as an internal control . Western blotting was also performed to examine the protein expression of Ran, Importin - beta, RanBP2 and TPX2 . Real - time PCR data showed that mRNA expression of Ran , KPNB1 , RanBP2 and TPX2 in primary and metastatic head and neck cancer cell lines was significantly different from that of HaCat at p value of 0 . 0079, 0 . 0005, 0 . 0074 and 0 . 0039, respectively. Furthermore, expression of mRNA transcripts of Ran and TPX2 in the metastatic head and neck cancer cell lines was higher than that of primary cancer cells . However, protein expression of RanBP2 and TPX2 was found to be higher in the metastatic cancer cells compared to their primary counterparts . These findings suggest that expressions of mRNA transcripts and proteins of RanGTPase network were significantly different from those of normal cells . Particularly, RanBP2 and TPX2 expressions was elevated in the metastatic head and neck cancer cell lines . Further studies are required to understand its functional role in metastatic head and neck cancer.
Contribution to the control of systems with time-varying and state-dependent sampling

This PhD thesis is dedicated to the stability analysis of sampled-data systems with time-varying sampling, and to the dynamic control of the sampling instants. The main objective is to design sampling laws that allow for reducing the sampling frequency of state-feedback control for linear systems while ensuring the system's stability.First, an overview of the recent problems, challenges, and research directions regarding sampled-data systems is presented. Then, a novel dynamic sampling control approach, "state-dependent sampling", is proposed. It allows for designing offline a maximal state-dependent sampling map over conic regions of the state space, thanks to LMIs.Various classes of systems are considered throughout the thesis. First, we consider the case of ideal LTI systems, and propose a sampling map design based on the use of polytopic embeddings and Lyapunov-Razumikhin exponential stability conditions. Then, the robustness with respect to exogenous perturbations is included. Different applications are proposed: robust stability analysis with respect to time-varying sampling, as well as event-triggered, self-triggered, and state-dependent sampling control schemes. Finally, a sampling map design is proposed in the case of perturbed LTI systems with delay in the feedback control loop. It is based on L2-stability conditions and a novel type of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals with state-dependent matrices. Here, the stabilization issue is considered, and a new controller with gains that switch according to the system's state is presented. A co-design controller gains/sampling map is then proposed
Exploiting Semantic Indexing Images for Emergence Recommendation Semantics System

– Thanks to the efforts of the Semantic Web Community (W3C), images can be semantically indexed with metadata. The explicit representation of image contents is made possible by using ontologies that provide a common and shared understanding of a domain at both human users and application levels. The approach that we are proposing in this paper is a semantic indexing of images based on conceptual method. To make efficient the semantic indexing, we also propose a recommender system. User profiles: static and dynamic profiles are combined and supported by the system we have developed to suggest recommendations to users. The preferences of each user are taking into account to provide customized recommendations.
A Long T z A Tract in the upp Initially Transcribed Region Is Required for Regulation of upp Expression by UTP-Dependent Reiterative Transcription in Escherichia coli

In Escherichia coli , pyrimidine-mediated regulation of upp expression occurs by UTP-sensitive selection of alternative transcriptional start sites, which produces transcripts that differ in the ability to be elongated. The upp initially transcribed region contains the sequence GATTTTTTTTG (nontemplate strand). Initiation can occur at either the ﬁrst or the second base in this sequence (designated G6 and A7, with numbering from the promoter 2 10 region). High intracellular UTP levels favor initiation at position A7; however, the resulting transcripts are subject to reiterative transcription (i.e., repetitive UMP addition) within the 8-bp T z A tract in the initially transcribed region and are aborted. In contrast, low intracellular UTP levels favor initiation at position G6, which results in transcripts that can, in part, avoid reiterative transcription and be elongated normally. In this study, we examined the regulatory requirement for the long T z A tract in the upp initially transcribed region. We constructed upp promoter mutations that shorten the T z A tract to 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, or 2 bp and examined the effects of these mutations on upp expression and regulation. The results indicate that pyrimidine-mediated regulation is gradually reduced as the T z A tract is shortened from 7 to 3 bp; at which point regulation ceases. This reduction in regulation is due to large-percentage increases in upp expression in cells grown under conditions of pyrimidine excess. Quantitation of cellular transcripts and in vitro transcrip-
Proto-Properties and Grammatical Encoding: A Correspondence Theory of Argument Selection

This book develops a comprehensive proto-property theory of argument encoding based on the work of David Dowty (1989, 1991): such a theory is intended to cover much of the empirical ground of mapping/linking theories in identifying the principles of correspondence between the lexical semantics of predicators and the relational and case encodings of their arguments. In this theory the authors identify two basic strategies for the organization of lexical information (i.e., syntagmatic being the comparison of different entities in the same environment and paradigmatic being the comparison of single object in different environments) and demonstrate how these two strategies yield widespread patterns of regularity in the lexical information associated with predicators cross-linguistically. In particular, Ackerman and Moore consider the psych predicates, causatives, so-called 'dative subjects', and object encoding in Finnic.
Responses of distal nephron Na (cid:2) transporters to acute volume depletion and hyperkalemia

Responses of distal nephron Na (cid:2) transporters to acute volume depletion and hyperkalemia. Am assessed effects of acute volume reduc-tions induced by administration of diuretics in rats. Direct block of Na (cid:2) transport produced changes in urinary electrolyte excretion. Adaptations to these effects appeared as alterations in the expression of protein for the distal nephron Na (cid:2) transporters NCC and ENaC. Two hours after a single injection of furosemide (6 mg/kg) or hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 30 mg/kg) Na (cid:2) and K (cid:2) excretion increased but no changes in the content of activated forms of NCC (phosphorylated on residue T53) or ENaC (cleaved (cid:3) -subunit) were detected. In contrast, amiloride (0.6 mg/kg) evoked a similar natriuresis that coincided with decreased pT53NCC and increased cleaved (cid:3) ENaC. Alterations in posttranslational membrane protein processing correlated with an increase in plasma K (cid:2) of 0.6–0.8 mM. Decreased pT53NCC occurred within 1 h after amiloride injection, whereas changes in (cid:3) ENaC were slower and were blocked by the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone. Increased (cid:3) ENaC cleavage correlated with elevation of the surface expression of the subunit as assessed by in situ biotinylation. Na depletion induced by 2 h of furosemide or HCTZ treatment increases total NCC expression without affecting ENaC protein. However, restriction of Na intake for 10 h (during the day) or 18 h (overnight) increased the abundance of both total NCC and of cleaved (cid:4) - and (cid:3) ENaC. We conclude that the kidneys respond acutely to hyperkalemic challenges by decreasing the activity of NCC while increasing that of ENaC. They respond to hypovolemia more slowly, increasing Na (cid:2) reabsorptive capacities of both of these transporters. Antibodies. Polyclonal antibodies against the (cid:9) and (cid:3) subunits of rat ENaC were based on short peptide sequences in the carboxy termini as described previously (7, 24). Antisera were puriﬁed using peptide-linked agarose bead afﬁnity columns (Sulfolink Kit, Pierce Biotechnology). The antibody against the NH 2 terminus of mouse (cid:4) ENaC (39) was a gift of Prof. Johannes Lofﬁng (Univ. of Zürich). The antibody against NCC (30) was a gift of Prof. Alicia McDonough (Univ. of Southern California). The antibody against the phospho-T53 form of NCC was described previously (3). Statistics. Statistical signiﬁcance between two groups was assessed by unpaired Student’s t -tests. P (cid:7) 0.05 was considered signiﬁcant.
An Improved Approach to Super-Resolution Image Reconstruction

Super-resolution technique generates an image with high resolution (HR) from image(s) with low resolution. A single image super-resolution technique which reconstructs high resolution images is presented in this paper. This method takes advantage of both frequency and spatial domain techniques. The approach employed iterative back-projection to minimize the error in reconstruction, and Wiener filter to eliminate high frequency noise in the interpolation process. Robert’s edge detection algorithm is applied to preserve the boundary information. The performance of the proposed approach was compared with many of the existing state-of-the art algorithms, and found to provide better results. Keywords—tomography; reconstruction algorithms; image resolution; image enhancement