Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exchange rate targeting

NBS vodi politiku ciljanja deviznog kursa, iako to nije predviđeno u njenom zvaničnom Memorandumu o monetarnoj politici. To znači da ona ograničava ponudu svojih hartija od vrednosti u okviru reverznih operacija na otvorenom tržištu i ima neformalni cilj deviznog kursa koji postiže čestim deviznim intervencijama. U ovom radu dali smo empirijske i ekonometrijske dokaze za ovu poslednju tvrdnju na bazi dnevnih podataka za 11 godina, dok se prvom tvrdnjom nismo ni bavili jer je ona očigledna kada se uporede tržišna i oficijelna repo kamata. Ciljanje nivoa deviznog kursa nije samo po sebi problem, nego je problem što je to netransparentan proces koji dovodi do nerealne visine deviznog kursa. Ako monetarna politika želi da podrži novu strategiju razvoja u okviru IV tehnološke revolucije, nije dovoljno da samo održava stabilan nivo cena, nego mora i da podstiče realni kurs dinara. Realna apresijacija kursa, koja traje već neko vreme, ne pogoduje privrednom razvoju. Prvi korak u formiranju sinhronizovane makroekonomske i razvojne politike jeste da se priznaju činjenice, a onda da se nađu odgovarajuća rešenja.
Shotgun metagenomic analysis of microbial communities in the surface waters of the Eastern South China Sea

Aims: The South China Sea (SCS) harbours a rich biodiversity. However, few studies have been published on its diverse communities, particularly its microbial counterparts. As key players behind many of the vital processes carried out in the ocean, microbes are the focus of this study, placing particular emphasis on community composition, structure, and function. Methodology and results: By employing next generation shotgun sequencing technologies (Illumina HiSeq2000), we assessed the taxonomic structure and functional diversity of the prokaryotic communities in surface waters collected from 3 representative sites in the Eastern SCS: Sarawak (Kuching), Sabah (Kota Kinabalu), and Philippines (Manila). Comparisons were undertaken to similar studies from coastal and open ocean environments. All 3 locations were dominated by members of the Proteobacteria ( Alpha - and Gamma -) and Cyanobacteria ( Synechococcus sp. and Prochlorococcus sp.). The highest proportion of Gammaproteobacteria was found in Sarawak, representing an approximate 20% of total sequences. Archaeal assemblages were made up largely of Euryarchaeota and unclassified sequences, while Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota were present in much smaller proportions, except in the Philippines where Thaumarchaeota made up almost 40% of the entire taxa. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The majority of the microbial communities adhered to a core set of functional genes across the different locations. However, differences existed particularly in Sarawak waters which are hypothesized to be due to local environmental parameters such as riverine influence. The results obtained from this study provide the first comparison of prokaryotic communities in the surface waters of the eastern SCS and will serve as a good platform for prospective studies in the field of environmental science.
Hyaluronic acid anchored nanoparticulate carrier for delivery of methotrexate

It's a fact that cancer has been considered as one of the most common diseases in all over the world. Every year we come across the new cases that are rising every year. Through new investigation procedures and therapies have been made, the survival rate in this disease could not be raised over the last 30 years (Jamal et al., 2010). Cancer is no doubt is regarded as one of the most important cause of death in the national and worldly scene. If we look into the history of cancer, we found that more than 15.5 million children and youths/adults with cancer survived on 1 January 2016, in the United States. It's guessed that by Jan 1, 2026, the number of cancer survivor will go up to 20.3 million i.e. increase to 20.3 million almost 10 million males and 10.3 million females (Siegel et al., 2012).
Innovation and knowledge spillover: insights from the Ethiopian manufacturing industry

: Knowledge plays a key role in technological advancement and structural transition. However, many manufacturing firms, especially in developing countries, struggle to source and reap the benefits of knowledge. Using a dual study approach of manufacturing firms in Ethiopia, this paper suggests that a strong national innovation system that facilitates knowledge spillover is important. The paper also suggests that joint venture, subcontracting, and cluster-based industrial development are alternatives to promote knowledge spillover, which in turn, strengthens knowledge transfer activities, especially technology-related knowhow, in developing countries. This, in turn, empowers manufacturing firms, especially in developing countries, to catch up and leap front to industry 4.0.
Evaluating the Relationship Between Work Engagement, Work Alienation and Work Performance of Healthcare Professionals

Background: work alienation and work engagement have relationship with the performance of healthcare worker in the hospitals. Objectives: The thought to have study in the health care organization areas for detecting a co- relation in work enthusiasm and in cut off jobs demands. It has also to check connection in work devotion, disappointment by not full fill it anticipated goals and shadow on actions. Methods: It is a quantitative co- relational research design was designed on 142 people of children hospital and ICH Lahore , using adopted questionnaires with questions on work alienation ,work engagement and work performance . A data were analyzed using SPSS (statistical package for social science studies) version 21. Results: 142 questionnaires were distributed among people of children hospital and ICH Lahore. Most of the respondents were 25 to 35 years of age. Majority respondents show positive relationship towards work engagement and negative association with work alienation. Conclusion : The current study results showed that people of children hospital have good knowledge about the value of work engagement and work alienation in the criteria of work performance areas. Key terms: work alienation, work engagement, work performance, health care worker . DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/80-06 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
Construction of Irregular Protograph-Based QC-LDPC Codes With Low Error Floor

In this article, we design finite-length irregular protograph-based quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with good waterfall performance and low error floor. To achieve a low error floor, we eliminate a targeted set of dominant elementary trapping sets (ETS) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal{ L}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the Tanner graph of the code. For a given rate and girth, the codes are designed to be free of the largest set of problematic ETSs for a given block length, or to have the shortest block length while a given set of ETSs is avoided. The design is based on a search algorithm that identifies whether any instance of any structure within <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal{ L}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> exists in the Tanner graph of the constructed code or not. The search algorithm performs this task with minimal complexity, making it feasible to construct practical codes by running the search algorithm a large number of times. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the superior performance of designed codes compared to similar state-of-the-art irregular QC-LDPC codes.
Sociotechnical-Pedagogical Usability for Designing and Evaluating Learner Experience in Technology-Enhanced Environments

Learner experience in technology-enhanced learning environments is often evaluated or analyzed with traditional usability heuristics, as in Nielsen (1994a, 1994b), in order to understand if a certain tool is usable or user-friendly. However, Nokelainen (2006) has established that pedagogical usability is often neglected, an approach which takes into account issues of pedagogical design such as instructions and learning tasks. In addition, the social dimension for evaluating online or hybrid learning environments is largely absent in existing usability heuristics. We analyzed relevant literature in order to develop a conceptual framework that includes the three dimensions of social (S), technological (T) and pedagogical (P) usability. In this chapter, we present this as sociotechnical-pedagogical usability. We assert this framework can serve as the basis for future researchers to advance a new set of STP heuristics for learning design. Design recommendations are provided that address social, technical and pedagogical usability for evaluating online or other formats of learning with technologies.
Resource-Aware Feature Extraction in Mobile Edge Computing

Mobile image recognition services, which provide people with image recognition services through the cameras of mobile devices, are revolutionizing our lives. However, most existing cloud/edge-based approaches suffer from two major limitations, (i) Low recognition accuracy and high network bandwidth pressure, and (ii) Not easy to extract features based on currently available resources of mobile devices. In this paper, we propose a resource-aware feature extraction framework for mobile image recognition services. The proposed framework consists of discriminative feature extraction (DFE) and NestDFE algorithms. The DFE algorithm can generate an extractor <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${{\mathbf E}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">E</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq1-3007456.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> to extract discriminative features from the image data set on the edge server and images on mobile devices. Thus, the proposed framework can achieve higher recognition accuracy and require mobile devices to upload less feature data to the edge server. The NestDFE algorithm generates a single multi-capacity extractor that acts as a series of sub-extractors and enables mobile devices to dynamically select sub-extractors. Experimental results show that the proposed framework improves recognition accuracy by about 23 percent and reduces network traffic by about 76 percent compared with existing approaches.
Surveillance Plane Aided Air-Ground Integrated Vehicular Networks: Architectures, Applications, and Potential

Future air-ground integrated vehicular network (AGVN) is a vital part of the expected ubiquitous communication system. The resources in AGVN are geographically separated and are often heterogeneous. Therefore, distributed management and cooperative management are key issues in a multi-tier based topology of AGVN. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) shows advantages in facilitating the management of AGVN; however, adequate, real-time, and secure information for driving AI is still a big concern. In this article, we propose a conceptual enhanced AGVN by introducing a so-called surveillance plane to promote the management in the control plane. Thus, components such as virtual network functions (VNFs) and service function chaining (SFC) can get profits. Concepts and trials of utilizing the surveillance plane and side information are presented from three different aspects, namely networking, security, and application. We also summarize research directions in designing a more flexible management scheme by coupling the service, surveillance, and control planes of the enhanced AGVN.
Methods of optimization of Hausdorff distance between convex rotating figures

We studied the problem of optimizing the Hausdorff distance between two convex polygons. Its minimization is chosen as the criterion of optimality. It is believed that one of the polygons can make arbitrary movements on the plane, including parallel transfer and rotation with the center at any point. The other polygon is considered to be motionless. Iterative algorithms for the phased shift and rotation of the polygon are developed and implemented programmatically, providing a decrease in the Hausdorff distance between it and the fixed polygon. Theorems on the correctness of algorithms for a wide class of cases are proved. Moreover, the geometric properties of the Chebyshev center of a compact set and the differential properties of the Euclidean function of distance to a convex set are essentially used. When implementing the software package, it is possible to run multiple times in order to identify the best found polygon position. A number of examples are simulated.
A Simultaneous Optimization Method of Calibration and Measurement for a Typical Hand–Eye Positioning System

Hand–eye calibration is one of the key technologies of robot hand and eye coordination operation. The calibration accuracy directly affects the measurement accuracy of hand–eye system. Due to the influence of environmental noise and disturbance, the results of hand–eye calibration usually contain errors. The hand–eye parameters with errors are used for vision measurement, which will lead to the calibration error into the measurement results. This error transfer phenomenon will inevitably affect the accuracy of visual measurement. In this article, a simultaneous optimization method of calibration and measurement is proposed. Based on the analysis of the motion characteristics, the measurement and calibration model with nonlinear constraints is established. An iterative method is proposed along with the closed-form solution to improve the calibration accuracy. Furthermore, the advantages of the proposed method over traditional methods are discussed. Simulation and experiment are carried out to analyze the calibration and measurement accuracy, error propagation, and solution conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed method realizes the simultaneous optimization of calibration and measurement and can effectively suppress the influence of calibration error on measurement accuracy.
Near Synonymy Analysis of the Descriptive Adjective Pale in English and Bled, -a, -o in Serbian

Within the extensive scientific research on descriptive adjectives and their near synonyms, we noticed the prevailing idiomatic meaning of the adjectives analyzed here. In this paper, we will apply contrastive analysis of the descriptive adjective bled, -a, -o in Serbian and descriptive adjective pale as well as their near synonyms in English and Serbian in order to prove the presence of the aforementioned descriptive adjectives’ prevailing idiomatic meaning in both languages. The results of the analysis indicate that the semantic (and grammatical) aspects of words are reflected onto and within their collocational framework. Furthermore, it is expected that the collocational framework of the adjective bled, -a, -o in Serbian will change depending upon the grammatical gender implied (masculine, feminine, neuter), as well as on the sequence of its near synonyms. The same changes are not expected to occur in English due to its lack of grammatical gender. The methodology of the research comprises the frequency of the primary and idiomatic meaning analyses of the descriptive adjective bled, -a, -o, and its near synonyms based on the framework of the Contemporary Serbian language electronic corpus (Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade), and the descriptive adjective pale and its near synonyms analyzed on the British National Corpus data (BNC) and the Words Bank: English database.
Genetic Diversity in Wheat Genotypes under Early Heat Stress in Bangladesh

Twenty-four wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes/lines were assessed in alpha lattice design with three replications during winter season of 2014-15 at the Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rajshahi. The main aim of this experiment was to ﬁnd out the degree of genetic diversity for characters related to early heat tolerance in wheat. Five different clusters were formed among the genotypes. The number of genotypes in cluster I and V were same i.e. three and they formed the smallest cluster. The cluster III was the largest containing eight entries followed by the cluster IV that contained six genotypes and cluster II also had four members. The inter-cluster distances ranged from 3.4496 to 6.8221 and principal component analysis scores also showed that the genotypes had a wide range of genetic diversity. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between the clusters IV and V (6.8221) after that cluster I and IV (5.8935) and clusters III and V (5.2913) respectively. The maximum inter-cluster distance value showed that the genotypes under cluster IV were far diverged from the cluster V. Also, the genotypes under the cluster pair I and IV and cluster pair III and IV were far diverged. The genotypes were genetically closed in between cluster III and IV (3.4018), cluster I and V (3.4496), cluster I and II (3.6163) and cluster II and IV (4.1373) due to their minimum inter-cluster diversity. However, the highest spike length, spikelets spike − 1 and grain yield were found in cluster I may show high heterosis for grain yield. The characters; short growing period, dwarf stature and bold grain were aggregated in cluster IV may show higher heterosis for dwarf stature and earliness. Canonical variate analysis (CVA) revealed that The traits 1000-grain weight and spike length had the highest contribution towards the divergence due to their positive values in both vectors. Based on these results, the genotypes under cluster I, cluster V and cluster IV might be taken for selecting suitable parents or crossing combinations for future early heat tolerance wheat breeding program.
Channel Characterization and Hybrid Modeling for Millimeter-Wave Communications in Metro Train

Metro is important public transportation in reducing traffic congestion, protecting the environment, and moving more people efficiently. Due to ever-increasing demands on high data rate, and seamless connections of the onboard passengers, millimeter-wave (mmWave) wideband communications are considered as potential options. Therefore, realistic mmWave channel characterization, and modeling are important for the system design, network planning, and performance prediction in metro. In this work, mmWave propagation channel is analyzed, and a hybrid channel model is proposed for inside metro environment. By conducting channel measurement at 26.5–40 GHz, and calibrating ray-tracing (RT) simulations, the propagation mechanisms are revealed, the influence of the objects is found, and principal specular reflected rays are traced. A hybrid ray, and graph channel model is proposed to effectively model the diffuse scattering components by adding scattered points around principle paths traced by RT. The proposed model is validated by measurements at different receiving positions. The analysis of the channel characteristics in power, delay, and angular domains indicates that the hybrid model is appropriate to model multipath propagation in the confined metro train environment, where many objects exist, and reverberation is important.
Impact of state children’s health insurance program on fertility of immigrant women

ABSTRACT Between 1997 and 2000, all states in the United States (US) enacted the State Children’s Health Insurance Programme (SCHIP) to provide publicly funded health insurance coverage for children in low-income families. However, only 15 states including the District of Columbia initially chose to provide coverage for children of newly arrived immigrants in their SCHIP. We exploit the resulting state and time variation in the implementation of the programme in a diﬀerence-in-diﬀerences framework to estimate the eﬀect of a publicly funded children’s health insurance benefit on immigrant women’s fertility. While estimates from full samples show that the net effect of the programme was indistinguishable from zero, we find a significant positive effect on the fertility of unmarried immigrant women, both at the extensive and at the intensive margin. Our findings have important policy implications for societies experiencing a persistent decline in fertility.
Factors Affecting the Use of Leverage Among Manufacturing Firms in Indonesia

A firm‘s decision to use leverage becomes a controversial policy between the managers and shareholders. The aim of this study was to reveal the determinants that affect a firm’s decision to use leverage. Data was collected from financial reports of manufacturing firms in Indonesia during the years of 2010-2017. Based on data analysis by using Eviews 6.0, it can be revealed that institutional ownership, foreign ownership, and firm size positively and significantly affected a firm’s decision to use leverage. Meanwhile, asset structure had negative and significant effect, and managerial ownership had positive yet insignificant effect on such decision.
Using large spatial scale camera trap data and hierarchical occupancy models to evaluate species richness and occupancy of rare and elusive wildlife communities in southwest China

Owing to the broad use of camera traps, integration and standardization among camera trap studies has become key to maximizing their utility for local and global biodiversity conservation. Our goal was to introduce the use of a hierarchical modelling framework in the context of coordinated biodiversity monitoring to compare species richness and occupancy by integrating camera trap data from multiple study areas.
Implementation of Optimal Connection Networks

We consider a connection networks model. Every agent has a demand in the form of pairs of locations she wants connected, and a willingness to pay for connectivity. A planner aims at implementing a welfare maximizing network and allocating the resulting cost, but information is asymmetric: agents are fully informed, the planner is ignorant. The options for full implementation in Nash and strong Nash equilibria are studied. We simplify strategy sets without changing the set of Nash implementable correspondences. We show the correspondence of consisting of welfare maximizing networks and individually rational cost allocations is implementable. We construct a minimal Nash implementable desirable solution in the set of upper hemi-continuous and Nash implementable solutions. It is not possible to implement solutions such a the Shapley value unless we settle for partial implementation.