Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Program for Minimally Invasive Lumbar Decompression Spine Surgery: Initial Experience

Study Design. A retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data. Objective. The aim of this study was to describe the development of and early experience with an evidence-based enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway for lumbar decompression. Summary of Background Data. ERAS protocols have been consistently associated with improved patient experience and outcomes, and reduced cost and length of hospital stay (LoS). Despite successes in other orthopedic subspecialties, ERAS has yet to be established in spine surgery. Here, we report the development of and initial experience with the first comprehensive ERAS pathway for MIS lumbar spine surgery. Methods. An evidence-based review of the literature was performed to select components of the ERAS pathway. The pathway was applied to 61 consecutive patients presenting for microdiscectomy or lumbar laminotomy/laminectomy between dates. Data collection was performed by review of the electronic medical record. We evaluated compliance with individual ERAS process measures, and adherence to the overall pathway. The primary outcome was LoS. Demographics, comorbidities, perioperative course, prevalence of opioid tolerance, and factors affecting LoS were also documented. Results. The protocol included 15 standard ERAS elements. Overall pathway compliance was 85.03%. Median LoS was 279 minutes [interquartile range (IQR) 195–398 minutes] overall, 298 minutes (IQR 192–811) for lumbar decompression and 285 minutes (IQR 200–372) for microdiscectomy. There was no correlation between surgical subtype or duration and LoS. Overall, 37% of the cohort was opioid-tolerant at the time of surgery. There was no significant effect of baseline opioid use on LoS, or on the total amount of intraoperative or PACU opioid administration. There were four complications (6.5%) resulting in extended LoS (>23 hours). Conclusion. This report comprises the first description of a comprehensive, evidence-based ERAS for spine pathway, tailored for lumbar decompression/microdiscectomy resulting in short LoS, minimal complications, and no readmissions within 90 days of surgery. Level of Evidence: 3
AGE DIFFERENCES IN THE PREVALENCE AND CO-MORBIDITY OF DSM-IV MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODES

Background: Although depression appears to decrease in late life, this could be due to misattribution of depressive symptoms to physical disorders that increase in late life. Methods: We investigated this issue by studying age differences in co-morbidity of DSM-IV major depressive episodes (MDE) with chronic physical conditions in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys, a series of community epidemiological surveys of respondents in 10 developed countries (n 5 52,485) and 8 developing countries (n 5 37,265). MDE and other mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Organic
X and more Parallelism. Integrating LTL-Next into SAT-based Planning with Trajectory Constraints while Allowing for even more Parallelism

Linear temporal logic (LTL) provides expressive means to specify temporally extended goals as well as preferences.Recent research has focussed on compilation techniques, i.e., methods to alter the domain ensuring that every solution adheres to the temporally extended goals.This requires either new actions or an construction that is exponential in the size of the formula.A translation into boolean satisfiability (SAT) on the other hand requires neither.So far only one such encoding exists, which is based on the parallel $\exists$-step encoding for classical planning.We show a connection between it and recently developed compilation techniques for LTL, which may be exploited in the future.The major drawback of the encoding is that it is limited to LTL without the X operator.We show how to integrate X and describe two new encodings, which allow for more parallelism than the original encoding.An empirical evaluation shows that the new encodings outperform the current state-of-the-art encoding.
Fatty acid profile, cholesterol and oxidative status in broiler chicken breast muscle fed different dietary oil sources and calcium levels

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of three feeds containing 6% oils: palm oil (PO), soybean oil (SO) and linseed oil (LO); and three calcium levels (NRC recommendation, 1.25% and 1.50%) on the fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation and cholesterol concentrations of broiler breast meat in a 3 × 3 factorial experiment. A total of 378 one-day-old chicks were randomly assigned to the diets and fed for six weeks. Birds fed diet supplemented with LO, SO and PO had higher proportions of α-linolenic, linoleic and oleic acids, respectively. The LO diet increased the total n-3 fatty acids and decreased the n-6 : n-3 compared with the PO and SO diets. Birds fed the PO diet had higher oxidative stability and cholesterol compared with those fed the SO and LO diets. However, the level of cholesterol in all treatments was within the normal range. The level of calcium and interaction between source of oil and calcium level did not influence lipid oxidation, fatty acid profile and cholesterol level of broiler breast muscle. It can be concluded that dietary LO and SO enhanced n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively, while dietary PO enhanced the oleic acid and oxidative stability of broiler breast muscle. Thus, this study showed that PO can be used as an alternative oil source in broiler diets with a positive effect on the oxidative stability of chicken meat refrigerated at seven days when compared with vegetable oils that are rich in linoleic and α-linolenic acid.
Fish consumption and prostate cancer risk : a meta-analysis of 37 studies

Background: Previous reports have suggested a potential association of fish consumption and the risk of prostate cancer. Since the associations between different studies were controversial, we therefore conducted a meta-analysis to re-assess the relationship between fish consumption and prostate cancer risk. Methods: Pertinent studies were identified by a search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Medline until 31th of January in 2017. A random effect model was used to combine the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were conducted. Results: Our meta-analysis was based on 37 studies (18 cohort studies and 19 case-control studies) involving 55401 cases. The total RR of prostate cancer risk for the highest vs. the lowest fish consumption was 0.956 (95% CI = 0.881-1.036), with its significant heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 65.6%, P = 0.000). All of the included studies suggested a high quality, with the average NOS score of 7.35. Subgroup analyses by study design and ethnicity also showed nonsignificant associations between fish consumption and the risk of prostate cancer. And there was no publication bias of the meta-analysis about fish consumption and prostate cancer risk. Conclusion: We found that the highest fish consumption had no significant association on the risk of prostate cancer.
Five recommendations for software evolvability

Evolvability of software lies in intersection of 3 factors: evolving system properties, human factors present in the developer team, and evolution demands. The paper presents 5 recommendations that enhance software evolvability: defined processes of software change, distinction between evolving and stabilized part of the code, analyzable code segments, significant concept encapsulation, and avoidance of wrapping.
Genetic diversity of different Jordan goat breeds using microsatellite markers.

Genetic diversity of goat breeds in Jordan was investigated using six microsatellite markers (MS). The markers were BM143, CSRD247, INRA40, OARAE54, ILSTS005 and MCM527. The selected goats were predefined into four breeds based on morphological and geographical considerations as Jabali, Dhaiwi, Shami and Sahrawi. The number of alleles, expected and observed heterozygosity per population and locus were (6.92, 0.703, 0.685, and 9.83, 0.728, 0.624, respectively). The average population differentiation coefficient (Fst) and inbreeding coefficient (Fis) were 0.019 and 0.048, respectively, indicating greater differentiation between pairwise breed comparisons and more inbreeding found in each breed than expected. In particular, Fis values were 0.064, -0.020, -0.070 and 0.123 in Jabali, Dhaiwi, Shami and Sahrawi, respectively. The Fst values were largest (0.078) between Shami and Sahrawi, and smallest (0.024) between Jabali and Dhaiwi. These results reflected high level of genetic diversity and differentiation in studied goat breeds as well as at the studied markers. On the other hand, genetic distances undoubtedly confirmed breed differentiation among the studied goat breeds. Distance matrix was constructed of four taxa representing the four breeds. Our current findings showed closeness of Dhaiwi to both Jabali and Sahrawi. Those three breeds were clustered together, whereas Shami was in a separate cluster. The population structure analysis inferred that four breeds would form the four predefined breeds. As a consequence, individual correspondence analysis confirmed the degree of differentiation between all individuals of the four studied goat breeds except only few individuals of Sahrawi goats that may have descended from other breeds of nearby countries. The present study provides the first microsatellite genetic diversity and differentiation of goat breeds in
ASSEMBLING OF A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION EQUIPMENT TO OPERATE IN CONTINUOUS MODE

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of bioactive compounds from vegetal matrices in continuous mode presents the advantage of reducing the process setup time and increasing the productivity. The exchange of batch process to continuous process might be performed adding two or more extractors operating in parallel mode to the process line. This allows the system to operate continuously in spite of the exhausting of the solute in the fixed bed. The solvent percolation occurs in n-1 extractors, at each extraction cycle, while the remaining extractor is on process setup. The assembly of a SFE equipment SFE2×1L containing two 1 L extractors, was therefore done aiming to operate in continuous mode; while one extractor is at operation procedure, the other can be charged with raw material to subsequent operations, and vice versa. Extractor 1 has height to internal diameter ratio (Hb/Db) of 7.1, while Extractor 2 has Hb/Db=2.7, both supporting 60 MPa. The use of different Hb/Db ratios is to analyze the influence of the extractors geometry on the overall extraction curves (mass of extract versus time of extraction). The interference of the tubing length on each extractor output was minimized by maintaining the same distance from the output of the extract+solvent mixture to the separator. The equipment was assembled considering the possibility of coupling a co-solvent in the system. Furthermore, the SFE-2×1L equipment is multipurpose, because it will be also applied for the fractionated separation of extract. The validation of this equipment will include experimental assays using clove, fennel and rosemary.
Six-minute walk distance and survival time in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the cut-off point for the six-minute walk distance (6MWD) that indicates lower survival time in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in Brazil. Methods: This was retrospective study carried out in two referral centers for IPF. The 6MWT was performed twice, considering the highest value of the 6MWD. Various cut-off points were estimated, in absolute values and in percentage of predicted values, using ROC curves, the Kaplan-Meier method, and data from other studies. Results: The sample comprised 70 patients with IPF. The mean age was 71.9 ± 6.4 years, and 50 patients (71.4%) were male. The mean FVC was 76.6 ± 18.2% of predicted value. The mean SpO2 at rest before and after 6MWT were 93.8 ± 2.5% and 85.3 ± 6.5%, respectively. The median survival time was 44 months (95% CI: 37-51 months). The mean 6MWD was 381 ± 115 m (79.2 ± 24.0% of predicted). After the analyses, the best cut-off points for estimating survival were 6MWD < 330 m and < 70% of predicted. The median survival time of patients with a 6MWD < 330 m was 24 months (95% CI: 3-45 months), whereas that of those with a 6MWD ≥ 330 m was 59 months (95% CI: 41-77 months; p = 0.009). Similarly, the median survival times of those with a 6MWD < 70% and ≥ 70% of predicted, respectively, were 24 months (95% CI: 13-35 months) and 59 months (95% CI: 38-80 months; p = 0.013). Cox multivariate regression models including age, sex, smoking status, SpO2 at the end of the 6MWT, and FVC% showed that 6MWD remained significantly associated with survival (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Values of 6MWD < 330 m and < 70% of predicted value were associated with lower survival time in IPF patients in Brazil.
Implementation of a generalized controlled-NOT gate between fixed-frequency transmons

We have embedded two fixed-frequency Al/AlO$_{\textrm{x}}$/Al transmons, with ground-to-excited transition frequencies at 6.0714 GHz and 6.7543 GHz, in a single 3D Al cavity with a fundamental mode at 7.7463 GHz. Strong coupling between the cavity and each transmon results in an effective qubit-qubit coupling strength of 26 MHz and a -1 MHz dispersive shift in each qubit's transition frequency, depending on the state of the other qubit. Using the all-microwave SWIPHT (Speeding up Waveforms by Inducing Phases to Harmful Transitions) technique, we demonstrate the operation of a generalized controlled-not (CNOT) gate between the two qubits, with a gate time $\tau_g= 907$ ns optimized for this device. Using quantum process tomography we find that the gate fidelity is 83%-84%, somewhat less than the 87% fidelity expected from relaxation and dephasing in the transmons during the gate time.
A PRELIMINARY LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF VOCAL LEARNING IN LATE TUTORED JUVENILE ZEBRA FINCHES USING FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

4 Introduction . 5 Methods . 23 Results . 32 Discussion . 40 References: . 48 Appendix #1: fMR Imaging Protocol . 53 Appendix #2: Code for Arduino and Experimental Paradigm . 57 Appendix #3: Stimuli Creation Protocol . 65 Appendix #4: Changing Voxel Size Protocol . 66 Appendix #5: Global Brain fMRI Analysis . 67 Appendix #6: ROI Center Coordinates Used . 69 Appendix #7: fMRI Region of Interest Analysis Protocol . 70 Appendix #8: Supplemental Figures and Results . 72
Intramuscular innervation of the subscapularis muscle and its clinical implication for the BoNT injection: An anatomical study using the modified Sihler's staining

Shoulder pain is commonly associated with spasticity of the rotator cuff muscles including the subscapularis (SSC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the intramuscular innervation pattern of the SSC using the modified Sihler's staining technique to facilitate the targeting of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections to alleviate shoulder spasticity. Ten SSC specimens (mean age, 81.5 years) were used in this study. Modified Sihler's staining was used to clarify the muscle and to stain the intramuscular nerves. Their extramuscular and intramuscular innervation patterns were examined. The upper subscapular, lower subscapular, thoracodorsal, and axillary nerves (USN, LSN, TDN, and AXN) innervated the SSC in 100%, 80%, 20%, and 40% of specimens, respectively. There was an anastomosis between the USN and LSN in the central portion of the SSC in more than half of the cases. The USN innervated the overall portion of the muscle. In contrast, the additional branches from the TDN and AXN innervated the inferior SSC portion. The superficial branches of the USN were mostly distributed in the superior SSC portion while the deep branches were distributed in the inferior portion. As a major intramuscular nerve within the SSC, the USN should be targeted by a BoNT injection. Regarding the USN distribution, the aim should be to spread the BoNT injectate within the central SSC portion. For supplementary injection to the AXN, the lateral approach would be more appropriate than alternatives. A physician performing a BoNT injection should consider the intramuscular innervation of the SSC portion. Clin. Anat. 32:110–116, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of in-situ dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity in marine sedimentary interstitial water

Porewater inorganic carbon concentration and total alkalinity from deeply buried marine sediment reflect biological activity, mineral diagenesis, sedimentary processes and past bottom ocean water composition. Reliable interpretation of these data is often complicated and/or limited due to (i) major physical environment changes taking place during sediment core retrieval, and (ii) the resulting precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the course of sample collection, processing and storage. Here we describe a robust method for quantifying the in-situ porewater carbonate system chemistry in deepsea sediment cores. The method relies on the over-determination of the dissolved carbonate system by measuring three of its parameters, and explicitly assumes CaCO3 saturation in the sediment and equilibrium conditions in-situ. The principles of the method are presented. We experimentally test the proposed approach using concentration profiles of dissolved carbonate system components collected from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site U1368 in the Southern Pacific. Our results show that this method can be used to accurately reproduce the in-situ aqueous carbonate system chemistry if dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity and calcium concentration are measured simultaneously. The method is well suited for use over a broad range of porewater chemistry and applicable for sediment over ca. 50% of the seafloor.
Rockfall Characterization and Structural Protection in the Siddhababa Section of Siddhartha Highway H10, Nepal

Many national highways of Nepal are periodically facing the rockfall events, causing fatal accidents. The Siddhababa section of Siddhartha Highway is a lively example of an active rockfall zone where the highly steep slope geometry in combination to the unfavourable inclination of the rock joints with the road alignment primarily cause the rockfall. Recent accidents of a jeep and a bus have created much concern on rockfall in the area. But still, we do not possess any type of structural countermeasure to overcome this scenario. To address this problem, our study aims at frstly characterizing the rockfall in the area and then on proposing structural countermeasure as rockfall barriers, rock netting and rockshed, and assisted with rock bolting, based on simulation studies and analysis of the rockfall scenario in Rocscience Rocfall® program. Journal of the Institute of Engineering , 2015, 11(1): 1-11
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND TAXONOMICAL STUDIES ON SOME PEACH CULTIVARS . A : VARIATIONS IN FLORAL CHARACTERISTICS , FRUIT SET , YIELD AND FINGERPRINTING BY RAPD

This study was conducted during two successive seasons 2003 and 2004 on twelve peach cultivars namley, Robin, Rubidoux, Spring Time, Desert Red, Bemto, Florida Red, Fla 16/33, Fla 3/2, Hagazy, Soltani and Tejon.the trees are three years old, grown in sand soil and budded on Nemaguerd rootstock and grown in El-Noubaria region, El-Behera governate under the same conditions and cultural practices. This study aimed at evaluating the performance of these cultivars under Egyptian conditions in terms of floral characteristics (such as bud differentiation, bud burst, and pollen viability), fruit set, yield and identification of such cultivars by using the finger print technique known as RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA). The results revealed that Rubidoux was the earliest in bud burst while Shamy and Tejon were the latest. Similar trend was found for the time of the full bloom of the twelve cultivars. The staining test provides that Florida Red had the highest pollen viability while Shamy had the least. Furthermore, the germination test provided evidence that pollen grains of Tejon had the highest percentage as compared with the other cultivars while Spring Time pollen had the least germination percentage. The highest percentage of fruit set was obtained with Fla 3/2 as compared with other cultivars in both seasons, while the least percentage of fruit set J.Agric. &Env.Sci.Alex.Univ.,Egypt Vol.6 (1)2007 566 was found in Robin. However, Shamy did not significantly vary from Robin in the second season. With regard of tree yield, Tejon tree attained the highest yield in both seasons. However, its yield was not significantly different from that of some other cultivars such as, Shamy and Fla 16/33. Early ripening cultivars such as Rubidoux, Robin, and Spring Time were also earlier in bud differentiation in summer as compared with that of midseason and late cultivars. The results also revealed the possibility of using RAPD technique to identify peach cultivars and it could be helpful in breeding programs. Using 10 random primers, there were differences between the twelve cultivars in the number and molecular weight of obtained bands. The use of the primer A3 (CAGGCCCTTC), for example, resulted in three specific bands for Hagazy, Shamy and Soltani while using the primer C13 (AAGCTTCGTC) resulted in two specific bands one of them to Robin and the second for Fla 3/2. The cultivars analysis revealed the similarity between studied cultivars ranged from 0.47 % to 0.81 % and there was a possibility through RAPD to establish a relationship tree among the twelve tested
East Asian Real Exchange Rates and PPP: New Evidence from Panel-data Tests

Abstract This paper empirically tests purchasing power parity (PPP) using panel unit root designed for heterogeneous panels. Monthly data of six East Asian countries (South Korea, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines) were used to test the long-run PPP relationship. This study documents the fact that unlike the pre-crises period, mean reversion in real Asian exchange rates is a feature of the post-crises period in all six countries considered in this study. It turns out that the results found in this study based on an array of panel unit root tests appears to be invariant to the choice of the numeraire currency, namely the US and Japanese yen.