Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Government expenditure, external and domestic public debt, and economic growth

This paper analyzes the relationship between government expenditure, tax on returns to asset, public debt, and economic growth. Public debt is composed of two components, domestic debt and external debt. We show that an increase in the tax rate on returns to asset leads to an increase in government expenditure, consumption, and domestic debt. However, the impact of tax rate on external debt is unclear. In some situation, in particular when the productivity of capital on production is low (high) and the tax rate is lower (higher) than a threshold, the relation between external debt and the tax rate has a bell-shaped form, i.e. external debt firstly rises then decreases with the tax rate.
Different Levels of Corporate Governance and the Ohlson Valuation Framework: The Case of Brazil

We examine whether Brazilian companies with enhanced corporate governance levels have higher market values according to the model of Ohlson (1995), modified to include variables such as governance level, type of control and shareholding structure. This study produces empirical results based on information taken from the Economatica® and Brazilian Securities Commission (CVM) databases, in the period from 2004 to 2010. Multiple linear regression on panel data is used to analyze a sample of 90 firms through 630 observations. The findings indicate that the addition of governance measures to the model increased its explanatory power, suggesting that nonfinancial information about governance practices and ownership structure also can explain the market value of stocks. The results also indicate that firms with shares traded on the Level 2 and New Market trading segments of the BM&FBovespa, which require enhanced governance practices, are important signals of good governance and consequently increase firms’ market value. The type of control was also positively related to the market value, suggesting that firms under family control and government control are more valuable than companies without concentrated control.
Ebola Response Strategies and Employee Trust: A Survey of Selected Hotels in Rivers State

This study examined the relationship between Ebola response strategies and employee trust in selected hotels within Rivers State, Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey design was adopted and data was generated from 144 employees selected using the simple random sampling formula from a population of 242 employees of five selected hotels in Rivers State. The study, being predominantly nomothetic in methodology, empirically ascertains the significant association of two identified empirically referents of the predictor variable, Ebola response strategies, namely; communication and monitoring; with the criterion variable, employee trust using the Spearman’s rank order correlation statistical tool. The data collection instrument consisted of the questionnaire with findings revealing that Ebola response strategies such as communication and monitoring significantly correlate with employee trust. Based on these findings, it was concluded that effective and transparent communication and monitoring systems and activities significantly enhance employee trust in organizations and thereafter we recommended that organizations, especially hotels, adopt more transparent and practical approaches which translate or portray confidence and competency on their part especially in given crises situations such as the Ebola. Management should also endeavour to encourage and reassure staff, customers and other stakeholders of their commitment to ensuring the safety and well-being of all interested parties during and even after crises events as this would further promote trust and thus enable a more cooperative work environment. Keywords : Ebola response strategies, employee trust, communication, monitoring, crises
Molecular and morphological phylogeny of the parasitic wasp genus Yelicones (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae)

Phylogenetic relationships of the braconid wasp genus Yelicones Cameron are studied using the D2-D3 region of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene, both alone and simultaneously with morphology. The results support a morphology-based phylogeny, pre- sented elsewhere, with Yelicones being divided into two major groups corresponding to the New and Old World faunas. The African and Asian species largely form separate clades except for Yelicones wui Chen & He from China which is associated with the Afro- tropical species. Potential molecular synapomorphies are illustrated.
A new species of deep-sea Dendronotus Alder & Hancock, 1845 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) from California, with an expanded phylogeny of the genus

Dendronotus patricki, sp. nov. is a new species collected from a whalefall in the Monterey Canyon, California. This new species is characterised by having a small number of dorsal appendages compared with similarly sized species of Dendronotus Alder & Hancock, 1845. Anatomically, D. patricki, sp. nov. has a small prostate with just a few alveoli, a very small seminal receptacle situated near the distal end of the vagina, and a relatively short and small ampulla. The rachidian radular teeth of D. patricki, sp. nov. are unique among Dendronotus as they have a well differentiated, conical cusp with very small denticles on either side, but most denticles are located on the sides of the teeth, rather than on the sides of the cusp. Dendronotus patricki, sp. nov., is genetically distinct from other species of Dendronotus for which sequence data are available. A phylogenetic analysis of Dendronotus based on COI, 16S, and H3 sequence data reveals that D. patricki, sp. nov. forms a polytomy with Dendronotus orientalis (Baba, 1932) and a clade of the shallow temperate and cold water species. The tropical Indo-Pacific species D. regius Pola & Stout, 2008 is the sister group to all other Dendronotus species.
Mindfulness, adult learning and therapeutic education: integrating the cognitive and affective domains of learning

Although it has been given qualified approval by a number of philosophers of education, the so‐called ‘therapeutic turn’ in education has been the subject of criticism by several commentators on post‐compulsory and adult learning over the last few years. A key feature of this alleged development in recent educational policy is said to be the replacement of the traditional goals of knowledge and understanding with personal and social objectives concerned with enhancing and developing confidence and self‐esteem in learners. After offering some critical observations on these developments, I suggest that there are some educationally justifiable goals underpinning what has been described as a therapeutic turn. Whilst accepting that ‘self‐esteem’ and cognate concepts cannot provide a general end or universal aim of education, the therapeutic function—the affective domain of learning—is more valuable and significant than is generally acknowledged. This claim is justified by an examination of the concept of ‘mindfulness’ which, it is argued, can be an immensely powerful and valuable notion that is integrally connected with the centrally transformative and developmental nature of learning and educational activity at all levels. The incorporation of mindfulness strategies within adult learning programmes may go some way towards re‐connecting the cognitive and affective dimensions of education.
Mechanism of coping in patients of alcohol dependence and its correlation with anxiety, depressive symptoms

Background: Alcohol use disorder is a common and challenging problem in India. In various studies the prevalence of co-morbid psychopathologies ranges from 15-70% including depression & anxiety disorders. Coping mechanisms of individual play vital role in case of developing alcohol dependence and various psychopathologies. A complex interaction of psychopathologies, coping skills, and alcohol use can influence the outcome of alcohol dependence. This study was undertaken with the aim of studying coping mechanism along with anxiety, depressive symptoms and their correlation in patients of alcohol dependence. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary government hospital. Institutional ethics committee approval obtained. 152 patients with the diagnosis of alcohol dependence (DSM IV TR) were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria, out of which 60 patients were enrolled after taking written informed consent. Following scales were used for the study, mechanisms of coping scale (MOCS), Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A), Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale (MADRS). Results: 32 patients had HAM-A score >17 suggestive of anxiety, similarly 40 patients had MADRS score >7 indicating depression. Problem focussed coping mechanism such as problem solving is associated with better outcome in terms of lesser anxiety and later age of first drink as well as developing dependence. Passivity, which is an emotion focussed coping mechanism, is associated with earlier first drink and higher depression score in patient suggesting poor outcome. Conclusions: Coping skills training should be incorporated in abstinence focused programs. Co-morbid psychopathologies like anxiety and depression are common in alcohol dependence individuals and thus, screening for these symptoms is essential for early interventions and better outcomes.
Current Analysis Topic in Software Engineering

: Software engineering processes are complicated, and also the connected activities typically manufacture an oversized variety and type of artifacts. This paper describes some factors that analysis in software engineering firm or business. There are rather more topics and fields in software engineering state of affairs. Analysis in SE was involved with supporting persons to develop better software quicker. Nowadays many analysis directions of each discipline come back nearer along and are starting to build new analysis areas. However this paper I will be able to short summary some vital problems that are handling terribly hardly and consciously.
Background resistivity model from seismic velocities

We developed a methodology to estimate resistivities from seismic velocities. We applied known methods, including rock physics, depth trends, structural information, and uncertainty analysis. The result is the range of background resistivity models that is consistent with the known seismic velocities. We successfully tested the methodology with real data from the North Sea. These 2D or 3D background resistivity models yield a detailed insight into the background resistivity, and they are a powerful tool for feasibility studies. They could also serve as starting models or constraints in (iterative) forward modeling of electromagnetic data for the determination of subsurface resistivities.
Dear Editor of NHESS Thank you for your help in obtaining two reviews of our Brief Communication: Drought Likelihood for East Africa

The on-going effects of severeEast Africa autumn drought in East Africa are causing high levels of 2016 caused malnutrition, hunger, illness and death. Close to 16 million people across Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya needneeded food, water and medical assistance (DEC, 2017). Many factors influence drought stress and ability to respond.response. However, inevitably it is asked: are elevated atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations altering the likelihood of extreme rainfall deficits? deficit frequency? We find small increases investigate with General Circulation Model (GCMs). After bias correction 10 to match contemporary rainfall mean, GCMs project small decreases in probability of thisdrought of same severity for East African, based on merging the observation-based reanalysis datasetAfrica by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) (Dee et al., 2011) with Global Climate Models (GCMs) in the CMIP5 database (Taylor et al., 2012). end of 21 century. However, further adjusting the variance of GCMs to match ERA-interim data, probability of drought increases slightly. 15 ECMWF re-analysis data (ERA-interim; Dee et al., 2011) shows that during August to October (ASO) of 2016, large parts of Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya (Black rectangle, Fig. 1a) had a reduction of 30% or more in rainfall compared to a baseline ASO period 1979-2015. For this region, the spatial average of monthly rainfall during ASO of 2016 lies at least one standard deviation below the climatological mean of the other years (Fig. 1b). During these months, other parts of Africa also 20 experienced severe rainfall deficits. We concentrate on East Africa, as this experienced poor harvest and where famine is widely reported. The year of 2016 is the third driest year in the past four decades. Other years with rainfall at least on standard deviation below the climatological mean during 1979-2015 are 1986, 1990,1991, 1993 and 2010. Year of 2010 also suffered from the severe famine (Dutra et al., 2013). We concentrate on East Africa, as this region experienced particularly poor harvest and where famine was widely reported during 2016 (noting that regions outside black rectangle of Fig. 1a also experienced 25 major rainfall deficits in 2016). East Africa is especially vulnerable to the impacts of drought (DEC, 2017). The region has long experienced widespread poverty and high levels of food insecurity (Von Grebmer et al., 2016). The high dependence of its population on rain-fed agriculture, sometimes in tandem with political instability, exacerbate the impacts of droughts (Love, 2009; Masih et al., 2014).
A Zero Score in the TLFB-28 Interview - What is Hidden

Aims: The Alcohol Timeline Followback (TLFB) interview is considered to be a reliable method to assess a person’s alcohol consumption. This is why it is often used in scientific studies to define different drinker groups. The present study aimed to characterize people with a zero score in the TLFB-28 with main emphasis on their drinking habits. Methods: Inside the alcohol sub-sample of the national FINRISK Study, the alcohol consumption of 479 subjects (167 men and 312 women) with a zero score in the TLFB-28 interview were studied by using answers to the AUDIT questionnaire, one month quantity-frequency (QF) measure and a question of ever-drinking from the basic FINRISK questionnaire. Possible binge or heavy drinkers were identified by using AUDIT scores. Results: QF measure revealed very few drinkers and the result was thus consistent with the TLFB-28 interview. According to the AUDIT, however, 59.9% scored above zero. Also, based on the ever-drinking question 51.8% drank alcohol at least occasionally while 48.1% were lifetime or non-lifetime abstainers. Even if most of the ever alcohol drinking subjects were moderate drinkers, 6.9% of all those who scored zero in the TLFB-28 were identified as possible binge or heavy drinkers. Conclusions: The subjects with a zero result in the TLFB-28 are a heterogeneous group when it comes to their alcohol consumption. A zero score in the TLFB-28 cannot be considered a reliable measure to predict alcohol abstinence especially over a longer period of time.
Innovation in the kitchen line of business: Users, configuration and context

Buildings and the properties of specific rooms – the context - call for considerations on how user involvement in the design process has to be accommodated in the strategic company set-up. This case study focuses on the handling of kitchen layouts by a major supplier, which includes a need for a definition of the expert's role in the sales organisation on the one hand and different segments of users on the other. In industrialised construction, ICT-based configurators are often highly dependent on the non-fixed and fluid nature of the construction processes. Consequently, configurators call for considerations on how to adjust the boundaries for the users' decisions, the characteristics of the product and firm strategies e.g. how the sale is organised. In the present case, two main questions seem to be urgent. First, is users' room for action increased (empowerment) or will experts play a more pronounced role? Second, the configurator makes a strategic dilemma topical - should the 'do it yourself' market in the future have high priority, or should the existing model with its extensive service and a strong sales organisation (with a network of sales offices) remain untouched? The theoretical part will draw on discussions on user-driven innovation and on theories for innovation in construction. The empirical part of the research is based on a qualitative case study, where a major Scandinavian supplier of kitchen elements sets up an internet-based design configurator.
Certification of community-based forest enterprises (CFEs): limits of the Brazilian experiences

The Brazilian Amazon is one of the world’s largest tropical forests. It supplies more than 80 % of Brazil’s timber production and makes this nation the second largest producer of tropical wood. The forestry sector is of major importance in terms of economic production and employment creation. However, the Brazilian Amazon is also known for its high deforestation rate and for its rather unsustainably managed timber resources, a fact which puts in the balance the long-term future of the forestry sector in the region. Since the mid1990s, with strong support from World Wildlife Fund (WWF), the number of tropical forests certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) has significantly increased. This is especially true for projects sponsored by large scale companies. The number of communitybased forest management projects has also increased. Certification of community-based forest enterprises (CFEs) was initially a goal for the sponsors and community members. Certification is viewed as a way to reach alternative timber markets. In Brazil, the state of Acre has the highest concentration of CFEs certified by FSC. Most of them have been implemented with the support of environmental NGOs and public funds. Environmental NGOs strongly defend the advantages of certification for communities; however, in reality, this option is not that advantageous. Despite all the efforts, the number of participants in each project remains low. Why is this occurring? In this paper, we analyze the underlying motives of a few individual’s participation in CFEs certification projects. We aim to present and discuss some factors that shape the success of CFEs and their later certification. The results are based on surveys conducted in two certified CFEs in the state of Acre.
Solvent Isotope Effect on Transfer Hydrogenation of H2O with Glycerine under Alkaline Hydrothermal Conditions

Solvent isotope effect was investigated with 1 H-, 2 H-NMR, LC-MS and Gas-MS analyses on transfer hydrogenation of H 2 O with glycerine under alkaline hydrothermal conditions. The results from solvent isotope studies showed that (1) the H on the I²-C of lactate was almost exchanged by D 2 O, which suggests that the hydroxyl (-OH) group on the 2-C of glycerine was first transformed into a carbonyl (C=O) group and then was converted back into a -OH group to form lactate; (2) The presence of large amounts of D was found in the produced hydrogen gas, which shows that the water molecules acted as a reactant; and (3) D% in the produced hydrogen gas was far more than 50%, which straightforwardly shows that acetol was formed in the first place as the most probable intermediate by undergoing a dehydration reaction rather than a dehydrogenation reaction.
Temporal structure of diving behaviour in sympatric Antarctic and Subantarctic fur seals

Lactation is considerably briefer (4 vs. 10 mo) and daily pup energy expenditure higher in Antarctic (AFS) than in subantarctic fur seals (SFS), even in sympatric populations of both species, where their foraging locations and diets are similar. Therefore, lactational demands may be higher for AFS females. We investigated whether sympatric lactating AFS and SFS females differ in their physiological or behavioural diving capacities, and in the temporal structure of foraging behaviour. Mean dive depth and duration were greater in SFS, but dives below 140 m were performed only by AFS. An index of activity level during the bottom phase of dives, when fur seals are thought to cap- ture prey, was higher in SFS. Despite these differences, SFS females showed a steady increase in the minimum postdive interval following dives lasting longer than 250 s, compared to the steady increase following dives lasting longer than only 150 s in AFS. These results suggest that physiological con- straints on diving behaviour are stronger on AFS females, and that the behavioural aerobic dive limit is greater for SFS. Assuming that dive bouts reflect foraging in prey patches, AFS females exploited more patches per unit time, and remained in them for briefer periods of time, compared to SFS females. Dive bout structure did not differ between overnight and long foraging trips. Our data sug- gest that AFS females spend greater foraging effort, but may gain access to prey patches of better quality, which may help them cope with higher lactational demands.
A New Imperialist Competitive Algorithm for Multiobjective Low Carbon Parallel Machines Scheduling

This paper considers low carbon parallel machines scheduling problem (PMSP), in which total tardiness is regarded as key objective and total energy consumption is a non-key one. A lexicographical method is used to compare solutions and a novel imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is presented, in which a new strategy for initial empires is adopted. Some new improvements are also added in ICA to obtain high quality solutions, which are adaptive assimilation, adaptive revolution, imperialist innovation, and alliance and the novel way of imperialist competition. Extensive experiments are conducted to test the search performance of ICA by comparing it with methods from literature. Computational results show the promising advantages of ICA on low carbon PMSP.
STELLAR SPECTROGRAPH OF THE BELGRADE

The main features of the new SectraPro-750 spectrograph of Belgrade Astronomical Observatory are given in this paper. The instrumental profile of the spectrograph for the 1200 l/mm grating is determined using a fiber optic bundle with fibers arranged in a pseudo-slit pattern. This instrumental profile is compared to the instrumental profiles obtained when the same fiber optic bundle illuminates the entrance slit at different widths from appropriate instrumental profiles. The practical spectral purities and the spectral resolutions for different entrance slit widths are obtained. The variation of the reciprocal linear dispersion with wavelength in the spectral range 350 600 nm is presented.
Economic Activity and Momentum Profits: Further Evidence

We show that economic activity plays an important role in explaining momentum-based anomalies. A simple two-factor model containing the market and alternative indicators of economic activity as risk factors—industrial production, capacity utilization rate, retail sales, and a broad economic index—offers considerable explanatory power for the cross-section of price and industry momentum portfolios. Hence past winners enjoy higher average returns than past losers because they have larger macroeconomic risk. The model compares favorably with popular multifactor models used in the literature. Moreover, our model is consistent with Merton’s Intertemporal CAPM framework, since the macro variables forecast stock market volatility and future economic activity.
Downside-risk hedging by Quantile-specification

This paper addresses the hedging problem of an excess exposure to domestic markets, and uses a foreign market as a hedging instrument. Conventionally hedging concerns minimum variance portfolios, though this paper mainly focuses on hedging downside –risk. Linear Quantile Regressions and Normal- and Student T-copula quantiles are specified to find quantile specific (downside) optimal hedge ratios. By simulation these methods are used to estimate optimal hedge-ratios during several years and performance is measured. This paper concludes OLS-based minimum variance hedges outperform downside-risk hedges on both variance reduction and portfolio’s value lost at extreme downside deviations.