Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lisina para tilápia do Nilo: efeito de duas estratégias de formulação e respostas de duas gerações de um programa de melhoramento genético

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de duas estrategias de formulacao em estudos de determinacao das necessidades de lisina e tambem as respostas de peixes com potencial de crescimento diferente, frente a niveis crescentes de lisina. No Experimento I, foi avaliada a resposta de juvenis de tilapia do Nilo de 20,0 a 160,0 g recebendo dietas com niveis crescentes de lisina (1,50; 1,74; 1,98; 2,22; 2,46 e 2,70%) e formuladas com o uso da tecnica da suplementacao de aminoacidos (SUP) e tecnica da suplementacao de aminoacidos com o uso do conceito da proteina ideal (SPI). No Experimento II, foram avaliadas as respostas de crescimento e sobrevivencia de pos-larvas de tilapia do Nilo de duas geracoes de um programa de melhoramento genetico, sendo uma de crescimento rapido (G5) e outra de crescimento lento (G0), recebendo dietas com diferentes niveis de lisina (1,43; 1,80; 2,02; 2,42 e 2,68%). As dietas foram fornecidas cinco e nove vezes ao dia, nos experimentos I e II, respectivamente. Ambos os trabalhos foram realizados em sistema de recirculacao de agua. No Experimento I, nao foram observadas diferencas para o peso medio final, ganho de peso diario, conversao alimentar e eficiencia de retencao de proteinas em funcao dos niveis de lisina e nem das estrategias de formulacao (P > 0,05). O consumo de racao (CR) foi afetado pelos niveis de lisina. Contudo o CR nao apresentou uma tendencia clara em relacao aos niveis de lisina na dieta. Ja o consumo de lisina por quilo de ganho de peso metabolico (CLM) diferiu quanto aos niveis de lisina e tecnica de formulacao, havendo menor CLM para os peixes que receberam as dietas formuladas com o uso da SPI. A composicao corporal nao foi afetada (P > 0,05). No Experimento II, a sobrevivencia nao diferiu entre G0 e G5 (P > 0,05). De maneira geral, os peixes da G5 apresentaram melhores respostas de crescimento em relacao a G0 e foi identificada a interacao Lisina X Geracao apenas para o consumo de racao, tendo sido verificado comportamento linear para a G0 e quadratico para a G5. Com base no peso medio aos 28 e aos 56 dias de idade, os modelos de regressao quadraticos indicaram 2,4374 e 2,6773% como niveis adequados de lisina na dieta, respectivamente, para as pos-larvas de ambas as geracoes.
Experimental investigations of five different mosses on accumulation capacities of Cu, Pb and Zn

Uptake of Pb, Cu and Zn by different epiphytic moss species Floribundaria floribunda (Doz. & Molk.) Fleisch. , Taxiphyllum giraldii (C. Muell.) Fleisch. and Thuidium sparsifolium (Mitt.) Jaeg. , an epilithic moss Thuidium delicatulum (L.) Mitt. and a leafy liverwort Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Linderb.) Nees. was studied experimentally. The plant bodies were treated with single metal and mixed metal solutions of Pb(NO3)2, CuCl2 and ZnCl2 at different concentrations ranging from 10−10 to 10−2 mol L−1. Higher uptake of Pb, Cu and Zn by T. giraldii, T. sparsifolium and P. striatus than by F. floribunda and T. delicatulum was shown in both treatments. Compared with the single metal treatment, the uptake of Zn was very low at higher concentrations in the mixed metal treatment. A slight depletion of Zn was noticed in the long-term exposure. Leaching of naturally accumulated Zn from the mosses and leafy liverwort was also observed when treated with higher concentrated (10−4, 10−2 mol L−1) Pb(NO3)2 and CuCl2 solutions. Similarly, the leaching of naturally accumulated Cu was observed in leafy liverwort P. striatus with 10−2 mol L−1 Pb(NO3)2 and ZnCl2 treatments. However, insignificant changes were observed on naturally accumulated Pb and Cu in mosses. From these experiments, the epiphytic mosses T. giraldii and T. sparsifolium, which have high Cation exchange capacity and large leaf surface area, have been found to be suitable for assessing heavy metal concentration in a moderately or slightly contaminated environment.
Application of Raman Spectroscopy to Distinguish Metamorphic and Igneous Zircons

ABSTRACT Raman spectroscopy is used for the first time for distinguishing igneous zircons from metamorphic zircons. Igneous zircons, especially those from granitic rocks, commonly show a Raman peak at 1461 Δcm−1 with significant intensity, whereas metamorphic zircons do not show this peak or the peak is very weak. This may be related to the rare‐earth element (REE) contents in zircon. Thus, Raman spectroscopy provides a new, fast and non‐destructive means for investigating the structure and origin of zircons.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube and Carbon Nanofiber in Nanopore of Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template by Chemical Vapor Deposition at Atmospheric Pressure

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is one of the most attractive materials for the potential applications of nanotechnology due to its excellent mechanical, thermal, electrical and optical properties. We demonstrated the fabrication of carbon nanotube and carbon nanofiber (CNF) inside the pore and at the surface of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane by chemical vapor deposition method at atmospheric pressure. Ethanol was used as a hydrocarbon source and Co–Mo as catalyst. CNT was synthesized at different temperature. High graphitic multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was found at 750°C, while CNF was found at 800°C and above temperature analyzing by Raman spectroscopy.
Demystifying Disproportionality: Exploring Educator Beliefs about Special Education Referrals for English Learners

Background Federal civil rights law requires that English learners (ELs) with potential disabilities be identified in a timely and appropriate manner. Decades of research documenting the problem of disproportionality among ELs in special education suggest, however, that educators struggle with the proper identification of ELs with disabilities. ELs are found to be underrepresented in special education in the early elementary years and overrepresented beginning in upper elementary school. Although these disproportionality patterns are well documented, little is known about why this phenomenon persists. Purpose of Study This study addresses this gap by following 16 ELs and their educators in real time through the special education referral process. Using participant observation research methods, I explore mechanisms in the field that might explain disproportionality. Specifically, I examine educator beliefs about whether and when to refer ELs to special education, as well as how those beliefs manifest in the referral process for ELs. Research Design This qualitative research study was part of a yearlong multilevel project looking at the special education identification process for 16 ELs at two elementary schools in an urban district. The project involved data collection and analysis at the federal policy, district, school, and student levels. I used a combination of document analysis methods, participant observation research methods, and triangulation among interviews, field observations, and archival documents. Whereas the larger study investigated the entire special education identification process for ELs, this article focuses on just the referral process. Relevant data collected include interviews with school staff, observations of the referral process for ELs, and documents tied to the ELs’ special education referrals. Conclusions The educators in this study were found to adopt one of two stances regarding EL referrals to special education: wait to be sure and the sooner the better. These stances reflected educators’ beliefs about special education, ELs, and teachers. Teachers acted on these beliefs in way that led to the co-construction of “English learner” and “disability. ” The findings suggest that educator beliefs about whether and when to refer ELs to special education serve as mechanisms that help to explain disproportionality for this student group. This study brings to light how the prevention of erroneous co-construction of EL and disability statuses requires changing the ways in which English learner and disability are conceptualized—shifting away from deficit views of these student groups and toward recognition of their many assets.
Contribution of the band‐filling effect to the effective refractive‐index change in double‐heterostructure GaAs/AlGaAs phase modulators

In this work we have theoretically estimated the effective refractive‐index variation Δneff due to the removal of carriers in the depletion region of a double‐heterostructure (DH) n‐AlGaAs/n‐GaAs/p‐AlGaAs phase modulator when a reverse bias is applied to this structure. Δneff is calculated by a Kramers–Kronig analysis of the absorption spectrum, which changes around the absorption edge because of the band‐filling effect associated with the presence of carriers. We also calculated the phase shift Δφ due to Δneff, and we showed that this contribution due to the band‐filling effect can account for up to 28% of the total phase shift for a specific DH structure, showing in this way that the band‐filling effect can no longer be ignored in the analysis of phase modulators.
Synthesis and Anion Exchange Chemistry of Rhombohedral Li/Al Layered Double Hydroxides

A new Li/Al layered double hydroxide, [LiAl2(OH)6]Cl·2H2O, having a rhombohedral layer stacking sequence has been synthesized by the reaction of the Al(OH)3 polymorphs, bayerite and nordstrandite, with LiCl. As is the case with the hexagonal analogue, rhombohedral [LiAl2(OH)6]Cl·2H2O has been found to readily undergo anion exchange reactions with a range of dicarboxylate anions although these reactions differ significantly in that no crystalline staging intermediates could be isolated. The rhombohedral stacking is maintained in the dicarboxylate derivatives.
Vapor Detection of TNT and RDX Using Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Counter-Flow Introduction (CFI)

To enable vapor detection of TNT and RDX, we have combined atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry with counter-flow introduction (CFI) of sample vapors. The chemical ionization source, which enables high ionization efficiency and highly selective ionization, was attached to a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Using this modified mass spectrometer, we obtained negative mass spectra and detection chromatograms of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) vapors at room temperature. The explosives detection could be done within 5 s. Our test results from this prototype system demonstrate that this technique is suitable for practical on-line explosives detection.
Absolute Specific Photodissociation Cross Sections of CH4 in the Extreme Ultraviolet

The photodissociation of methane has been studied at 16 different incident wavelengths in the range 555–1242 A. Absolute partial cross sections have been determined for those processes yielding excited fragments which fluoresce in the range 3500–8000 A. The fluorescence was dispersed and found to result from the A 2Δ → X 2Π and B 2Σ → X 2Π systems of CH, the b 1B1 → a 1A1 system of CH2, and the Hα, Hβ, and Hγ transitions of H. Absolute cross sections have been assigned to the processes CH4 + hν → CH(A 2Δ) + H2(X 1Σg+) + H (1 2S1/2), CH4+hν → CH(B 2Σ) + H2(X 1Σg1) + H(1 2S1/2), and CH4 + hν → CH2 (b 1B1) + H2 (X 1Σg+). Emission cross sections have been assigned to the Balmer lines Hα, Hβ, and Hγ. The process CH4 + hν → CH3 (X 2A2″) + H* is believed to be responsible for the Balmer lines. The largest cross section measured, σ = 8 × 10−20 cm2, occurred at 923 A for the process leading to CH (A 2Δ). Cross sections of this magnitude are three orders of magnitude less than the total peak absorption cross sect.
Machine Learning Application for Tool Wear Prediction in Milling

Milling is one of the most versatile processes used in the manufacture of various components. With this, the milling tool usage has gained momentum, so as the research on its wear phenomenon. Flank wear has been considered as, one of the most commonly observed and an unavoidable phenomenon in metal cutting process, which is also a major source of economic loss resulting due to material loss and machine downtime. With the aim of implementing a predictive maintenance for the milling process, so as to avoid unnecessary cost and wastage of time due to sudden failure of cutting tool, and also to maintain the best product output quality, one of the applications of Machine Learning has been presented in this thesis by giving due importance to Tool Condition Monitoring. By highlighting the usage of model based maintenance method, the study presents the implementation of the framework of predictive maintenance which has been proposed extensively by many research papers. This thesis presents a method to apply Machine Learning in the prediction of the tool wear, thereby assessing the remaining useful life of the tool for best performance with respect to cost, quality and time. The work here presents the methods of Data cleansing, manipulation of data to extract and select features, utilization of the features in training various machine learning models and testing them to conclude in finding the possible tool wear severeness and to assess the Remaining Useful Life based on wear results. The study also presents the possible tools that can be used to carry out the regression analysis in order to train and test machine learning models like Linear Regression, Bayesian Ridge Regression, Kernel Ridge Regression, Neural Network and so on. Cross validation has been carried out in order to narrow down on the machine learning model, which has been further improved using Hyperparameter tuning. This has enabled to arrive at the best possible results for wear prediction and Remaining useful life of the tool.
New idea for controling rainfall in urban and suburban regions

Received date: 28 November, 2019 Review date: 7 February 2020 Accepted date:23 March 2020 Abstract As catchments develop urbanized because of inhabitants growth the impervious surfaces shaped by buildings and pavements in the expense of permeable soil, depressions, and vegetation cause rainwater to stream rapidly over the landscape. To moderate the contrary impact of urbanization such as augmented flooding and depleted groundwater recharge, about the world, several best managements performs, in other words, green infrastructures have been practised, and soak-away rain garden is one of them. However, to have a swift calculation of soak-away rain gardens on a range of potential hydrologic circumstances (e.g., scope of the soak-away rain garden, saturated hydraulic conductivity of the in-situ soil, and saturated hydraulic conductivity of the filter media), hydrologic design strategies or design charts of soak-away rain gardens that are precise for local circumstances are not currently available for many areas including Singapore. Therefore, in this paper, with a design hyetograph of 3-month average rainfall strengths of Singapore, hydrologic design charts, particularly, design charts on overflow capacity (as a % of total runoff volume) of soak-away rain gardens are established for a range of potential hydrologic conditions by developing a mathematical model based on Richard’s equation using COMSOL Multiphysics, a finite element analysis and solver software package for different physics and engineering requests. These easy to use look-up hydrologic design diagrams will be of countless helpfulness for local managers in the design of soak-away rain gardens.
Does the intervention of regional authorities contribute to sustainable mangrove eotourism? Case Study on Mangrove Management at Karangsong, West Java, Indonesia

Mangrove ecotourism as one of the tools for mangrove forest conservation has indeed a large impact on the protection of mangrove forests. This paper assesses the intervention of local authorities in the management of mangrove ecotourism by the local community. A qualitative method was used with in-depth interviews involving local communities, including local leaders, local resource users, and local authorities. The findings of this paper show that the intervention of local authorities in mangrove rehabilitation management can cause a threat to mangrove sustainability in terms of environmental protection. The involvement of the community in the mangrove ecotourism management has become indeed remarkable. The intervention of the government in the mangrove ecotourism management through a policy is believed to reduce the community participation. Co-management as an approach to engaging the community in mangrove management can mediate the management conflict between the local community and the government. Furthermore, the development of the relevant policy is necessary following the successful implementation of the community-based mangrove rehabilitation and preservation of mangrove forests as part of environmental protection.
Electrical resistivity of polycrystalline Cu interconnects with nano-scale linewidth

The maximum electrical conductivities in polycrystalline Cu interconnects with sub-100nm linewidth were extrapolated from the measured resistivities of the Cu interconnects with various linewidths (100–1000nm) using a Mayadas–Shatzkes (MS) model. These polycrystalline Cu interconnects with TiN cap layers were fabricated by the focused ion beam technique. The scattering parameters by the surface and grain boundary, which were needed to extrapolate the resistivities of the sub-100nm Cu interconnects (using the MS model), were determined to be zero and 0.5, respectively. The result suggested that the grain boundary scattering primarily increased the resistivity of the polycrystalline Cu interconnects. We concluded that large grained Cu interconnects and ultrathin barrier layers were essential to realize low resistance nano-scale Cu interconnects in the future ultralarge scale integration devices.
High quality InAs grown by liquid phase epitaxy using gadolinium gettering

In this paper, we report the growth of very pure InAs epitaxial layers of high quantum efficiency, by introducing the rare-earth element Gd into the liquid phase during LPE growth. We find that the carrier concentration of InAs layers can be effectively reduced to . Also, the peak photoluminescence (PL) intensity of such layers can be considerably increased by between ten- and 100-fold compared with untreated material. We attribute this behaviour to the gettering of residual impurities and corresponding reduction of non-radiative recombination centres in the presence of Gd. Four intense sharp lines dominated the low temperature (4 K) photoluminescense spectra of Gd-treated InAs layers. The strongest two of these were found to originate from (a) bound excitons, and (b) donor-acceptor recombination, whereas the remaining two, (c) and (d), were associated with defect-related recombination. The linewidth (FWHM) of the exciton peak (a) was reduced to only 3.8 meV, which is narrower than for undoped epitaxial InAs grown by MBE or MOVPE.
Duo-mold imprinting of three-dimensional polymeric structures

We present a new method of imprinting three dimensional (3D) polymeric micro- and nanostructures using a duo-mold process. In this method, two patterned Si molds are surface treated to have different surface energies. A polymer solution is spin-coated onto one of the molds, forming a planarized thin film on the mold. The two molds are pressed together at an appropriate temperature and pressure and then released. The patterned thin film adhering to one of the molds is then pressed onto a substrate at an appropriate temperature and pressure to form supported 3D structures. Alternatively, the patterned thin film on the mold may be released to form freestanding 3D structures. A key success factor in this process is the silane-based surface treatments to enable the patterning of the thin polymer film and final release from the mold to form 3D structures. We demonstrate various polymethyl methacrylate 3D structures with combinations of grating, circular-, and square-patterned molds. The duo-mold process is a po.
A MONTE CARLO METHOD FOR SIMULATING ASSOCIATING FLUIDS

We present association biased Monte Carlo (ABMC), a Monte Carlo method, which is ergodic, microscopically reversible, and specifically designed to simulate associating fluids with long‐ranged center‐to‐center interactions. The canonical ensemble (NVT) algorithm biases sampling to regions of configuration space where particle association is likely to occur, and provides efficient simulation of associating fluids over a broad range of densities. The usual canonical ensemble (NVT) thermodynamic variables (ensemble average internal energy and pressure), as well as the pair distribution functions are presented. The distributions of associated clusters are presented at a selection of state points and are compared with predictions of thermodynamic perturbation theory for the model system. We also present the simulation results for a symmetric, binary associating fluid with a single site on each particle.
Molecular Structure and Crystal Packing of n-Type Semiconducting Material 3′,3′-(1,4-Phenylene)bis{2′-(4′′-trifluoromethyl)phenyl}acrylonitrile

The exact molecular structure and the crystal packing of the n-type semiconducting material 3′,3′-(1,4-phenylene)bis{2′-(4′′-trifluoromethyl)phenyl}acrylonitrile was determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction with twin treatment technique. The air-stable product was crystallized from dichloromethane-hexane mixed solution. The solid-state structure is the example of a typical π-π stacking with side intermolecular CN–H short contact networks.
BayesApp: a web site for indirect transformation of small-angle scattering data

A web site (http://www.bayesapp.org) for indirect transformation of small-angle scattering data is presented. When experimental data are uploaded to the server, they are processed in a few seconds and the result of the indirect information is displayed on the screen in the form of a distribution, together with the experimental data and the fit to the data. No other user input than the experimental data is necessary, but various options for the analysis may be selected. The results of the analysis can be downloaded from the web site in the form of ASCII files.
Particle Size Distribution Measurements of PolymericDispersions: A Comparative Study

Average particle sizes and particle size distributions (PSD) were measured using four different commercial techniques for standard polystyrene latexes in the submicron range, dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary hydrodynamic fractionation (CHDF), disk centrifuge photosedimentometry (DCP) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Both monodisperse latexes and broad particle size distribution latexes (obtained by mixing two or three monodisperse standards) were used in each equipment. It was found that for monodisperse latexes, DLS, CHDF and DCP gave similar measurements of particle size, which were also comparable to the particle sizes measured by TEM and reported by the supplier of the standard latexes. However, with the lowest particle size standard (39 nm), both DLS and CHDF gave larger particle size values, whereas with DCP, reasonable agreement with the measured size was obtained only when extremely long centrifugation times (at least 6 h) were used. For latexes having bimodal and trimodal distributions, both CHDF and DCP were able to reproduce the entire distribution, providing relatively accurate values for the average size of each mode and also the relative masses of each population of particles. However, the analysis time required by CHDF was shorter than by DCP, but the broadness of the peak was better captured by DCP than CHDF, which always provided broader peaks. DLS failed in most cases when measuring the broad size populations when the size ratio was greater than 2 : 1.