Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
04 02 20 5 v 1 26 F eb 2 00 4 A Theory of Concepts and Their Combinations II : A Hilbert Space Representation

The sets of contexts and properties of a concept are embedded in the complex Hilbert space of quantum mechanics. States are unit vectors or density operators, and contexts and properties are orthogonal projections. The way calculations are done in Hilbert space makes it possible to model how context influences the state of a concept. Moreover, a solution to the combination of concepts is proposed. Using the tensor product, a procedure for describing combined concepts is elaborated, providing a natural solution to the pet fish problem. This procedure allows the modeling of an arbitrary number of combined concepts. By way of example, a model for a simple sentence containing a subject, a predicate and an object, is presented.
University of Birmingham A large sub-Neptune transiting the thick-disk M 4 V TOI-2406

Context. Large sub-Neptunes are uncommon around the coolest stars in the Galaxy and are rarer still around those that are metal-poor. However, owing to the large planet-to-star radius ratio, these planets are highly suitable for atmospheric study via transmission spectroscopy in the infrared, such as with JWST. Aims. Here we report the discovery and validation of a sub-Neptune orbiting the thick-disk, mid-M dwarf star TOI-2406. The star’s low metallicity and the relatively large size and short period of the planet make TOI-2406 b an unusual outcome of planet formation, and its characterisation provides an important observational constraint for formation models. Methods. We first infer properties of the host star by analysing the star’s near-infrared spectrum, spectral energy distribution, and Gaia parallax. We use multi-band photometry to confirm that the transit event is on-target and achromatic, and we statistically validate the TESS signal as a transiting exoplanet. We then determine physical properties of the planet through global transit modelling of the TESS and ground-based time-series data. Results. We determine the host to be a metal-poor M4 V star, located at a distance of 56 pc, with properties Teff = 3100 ± 75 K, M∗ = 0.162 ± 0.008 M , R∗ = 0.202 ± 0.011 R , and [Fe/H] = −0.38 ± 0.07, and a member of the thick disk. The planet is a relatively large sub-Neptune for the M-dwarf planet population, with Rp = 2.94 ± 0.17 R⊕ and P = 3.077 d, producing transits of 2% depth. We note the orbit has a non-zero eccentricity to 3σ, prompting questions about the dynamical history of the system. Conclusions. This system is an interesting outcome of planet formation and presents a benchmark for large-planet formation around metal-poor, low-mass stars. The system warrants further study, in particular radial velocity follow-up to determine the planet mass and constrain possible bound companions. Furthermore, TOI-2406 b is a good target for future atmospheric study through transmission spectroscopy. Although the planet’s mass remains to be constrained, we estimate the S/N using a mass-radius relationship, ranking the system fifth in the population of large sub-Neptunes, with TOI-2406 b having a much lower equilibrium temperature than other spectroscopically accessible members of this population.
DEV106591 1..11

Lymphangiogenesis is a dynamic process that involves the sprouting of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from veins to form lymphatic vessels. Vegfr3 signalling, through its ligand Vegfc and the extracellular protein Ccbe1, is essential for the sprouting of LECs to form the trunk lymphatic network. In this study we determined whether Vegfr3, Vegfc and Ccbe1 are also required for development of the facial and intestinal lymphatic networks in the zebrafish embryo. Whereas Vegfr3 and Ccbe1 are required for the development of all lymphatic vessels, Vegfc is dispensable for facial lymphatic sprouting but not for the complete development of the facial lymphatic network. We show that zebrafish vegfd is expressed in the head, genetically interacts with ccbe1 and can rescue the lymphatic defects observed following the loss of vegfc. Finally, whereas knockdown of vegfd has no phenotype, double knockdown of both vegfc and vegfd is required to prevent facial lymphatic sprouting, suggesting that Vegfc is not essential for all lymphatic sprouting and that Vegfd can compensate for loss of Vegfc during lymphatic development in the zebrafish head.
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 enhances canonical transient receptor potential expression, store-operated Ca entry, and basal [Ca ]i in rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells

Lu W, Ran P, Zhang D, Lai N, Zhong N, Wang J. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 enhances canonical transient receptor potential expression, store-operated Ca entry, and basal [Ca ]i in rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 299: C1370–C1378, 2010. First published September 15, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00040. 2010. —Recent advances have identified an important role of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) in pulmonary vascular remodeling, yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. We have previously found that Ca influx through store-operated calcium channels (SOCC), which are mainly thought to be composed of canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) proteins, likely contribute to the pathogenic development of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. In this study, we investigated the effect of BMP4 on expression of TRPC and store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting revealed that treatment with BMP4 (50 ng/ml, 60 h) increased TRPC1, TRPC4, and TRPC6 mRNA and protein expression in growth-arrested rat distal PASMCs. Moreover, in comparison to vehicle control, cells treated with BMP4 also exhibited enhanced SOCE, and elevated basal intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca ]i) as determined by fluorescent microscopy using the Ca indicator Fura-2 AM. Perfusing cells with Ca -free Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution (KRBS) or KRBS containing SOCC antagonists SKF-96365 or NiCl2 attenuated the increases in basal [Ca ]i caused by BMP4. Specific knockdown of BMP4 by small interference RNA significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of TRPC1, TRPC4, and TRPC6 and reduced SOCE and basal [Ca ]i in serum-stimulated PASMCs. We conclude that BMP4 regulates calcium signaling in PASMCs likely via upregulation of TRPC expression, leading to enhanced SOCE and basal [Ca ]i in PASMCs, and by this mechanism contributes to pulmonary vascular remodeling during pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Tableaux and witnesses for the (cid:22) -calculus

Symbolic temporal logic model checking is an automatic veri(cid:12)cation method. One of its main features is that a counterexample can be constructed when a temporal formula does not hold for the model. Most model checkers so far have restricted the type of formulae that can be checked and for which counterexamples can be constructed to fair CTL formulae. This paper shows how counterexamples and witnesses for the whole (cid:22)-calculus can be constructed. The witness construction presented in this paper is polynomial in the model and the formula.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Before and After Combination Bronchodilators Treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background: Hyperpolarized Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive assessment of regional pulmonary gas exchange function. This technique has demonstrated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients exhibit ventilation defects, reduced interstitial barrier tissue uptake, and poor transfer to capillary red blood cells (RBCs). However, the behavior of these measurements following therapeutic intervention is unknown. Purpose: To characterize changes in Xe gas transfer function following administration of an inhaled long-acting betaagonist/long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LABA/LAMA) bronchodilator. Study Type: Prospective. Population: Seventeen COPD subjects (GOLD II/III classification per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria) were imaged before and after 2 weeks of LABA/LAMA therapy. Field Strength/Sequences: Dedicated ventilation imaging used a multi-slice 2D gradient echo sequence. Threedimensional images of ventilation, barrier uptake, and RBC transfer used an interleaved, radial, 1-point Dixon sequence. Imaging was acquired at 3 T. Assessment: Xe measurements were quantified before and after LABA/LAMA treatment by ventilation defect + low percent (vendef + low) and by barrier uptake and RBC transfer relative to a healthy reference population (bar%ref and RBC% ref). Pulmonary function tests, including diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), were also performed before and after treatment. Statistical Tests: Paired t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Results: Baseline vendef + low was 57.8 8.4%, bar%ref was 73.2 19.6%, and RBC%ref was 36.5 13.6%. Following treatment, vendef + low decreased to 52.5 10.6% (P < 0.05), and improved in 14/17 (82.4%) of subjects. However, RBC%ref decreased in 10/17 (58.8%) of subjects. Baseline measurements of bar%ref and DLCO were correlated with the degree of post-treatment change in vendef + low (r = 0.49, P < 0.05 and r = 0.52, P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: LABA/LAMA therapy tended to preferentially improve ventilation in subjects whose Xe barrier uptake and DLCO were relatively preserved. However, newly ventilated regions often revealed RBC transfer defects, an aspect of lung function opaque to spirometry. These microvasculature abnormalities must be accounted for when assessing the effects of LABA/LAMA therapy. Level of Evidence: 1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 4
PPA_A_239810 767..770

Wolfgang Miesbach 1 Robert Klamroth 2 1Medical Clinic 2, Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; 2Department for Internal Medicine, Vascular Medicine and Coagulation Disorders, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin D 10249, Germany Background: The phase 1⁄2 hemophilia B clinical trial (AMT-060) demonstrated stable endogenous FIX levels after 3.5 years (mean FIX activity between 5.1% and 7.5%) with continued reductions in annualized bleeds to near zero with the higher dose, and a 78–96% reduction by year in exogenous FIX use. Objective: The views of all the three participants from Germany participating in the AMT060 study have been investigated about their experiences with conventional and gene therapy and the effects of the forms of therapy on everyday life. Patients/Methods: The patients (aged 33–35 years) performed regular prophylactic replacement with factor IX concentrate prior to the gene therapy, reported 0–7 bleeds in the year prior to the treatment, with Hemophilia Joint Health Scores of 0–8. Following topics have been investigated “dealing with illness”, “participation in studies”, “perception of conventional therapy”, “perception of gene therapy”, “significance of participation in gene therapy studies”, “therapy of haemophilia after the end of the study”. Results: All three participants have started to become more active and do more sports. However, they expressed anxiety about not knowing how long the effect would last and they felt that psychological support would be needed if the factor IX level fell back in the future. No patient expressed concern about any long-term potential negative consequences of gene therapy. Conclusion: Gene therapy has the potential to change the life of patients with haemophilia not only by the reduction of bleeding events but also by the increase of active and sportive activities.
D2.1: Report on Selected TRNG and PUF Principles

This report represents the final version of Deliverable 2.1 of the HECTOR work package WP2. It is a result of discussions and work on Task 2.1 of all HECTOR partners involved in WP2. The aim of the Deliverable 2.1 is to select principles of random number generators (RNGs) and physical unclonable functions (PUFs) that fulfill strict technology, design and security criteria. For example, the selected RNGs must be suitable for implementation in logic devices according to the German AIS20/31 standard. Correspondingly, the selected PUFs must be suitable for applying similar security approach. A standard PUF evaluation approach does not exist, yet, but it should be proposed in the framework of the project. Selected RNGs and PUFs should be then thoroughly evaluated from the point of view of security and the most suitable principles should be implemented in logic devices, such as Field Programmable Logic Arrays (FPGAs) and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) during the next phases of the project.
Alasali, Feras and Haben, Stephen and Foudeh, Husam and Holderbaum,

This paper aims to present the significance of predicting stochastic loads to improve the performance of a low voltage (LV) network with an energy storage system (ESS) by employing several optimal energy controllers. Considering the highly stochastic behaviour that rubber tyre gantry (RTG) cranes demand, this study develops and compares optimal energy controllers based on a model predictive controller (MPC) with a rolling point forecast model and a stochastic model predictive controller (SMPC) based on a stochastic prediction demand model as potentially suitable approaches to minimise the impact of the demand uncertainty. The proposed MPC and SMPC control models are compared to an optimal energy controller with perfect and fixed load forecast profiles and a standard set-point controller. The results show that the optimal controllers, which utilise a load forecast, improve peak reduction and cost savings of the storage device compared to the traditional control algorithm. Further improvements are presented for the receding horizon controllers, MPC and SMPC, which better handle the volatility of the crane demand. Furthermore, a computational cost analysis for optimal controllers is presented to evaluate the complexity for a practical implementation of the predictive optimal control systems.
ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR AND DISTRIBUTIONAL LIMITS OF PREFERENTIAL ATTACHMENT GRAPHS BY NOAM BERGER,

We give an explicit construction of the weak local limit of a class of preferential attachment graphs. This limit contains all local information and allows several computations that are otherwise hard, for example, joint degree distributions and, more generally, the limiting distribution of subgraphs in balls of any given radius k around a random vertex in the preferential attachment graph. We also establish the finite-volume corrections which give the approach to the limit.
Sawyer, Alexandra and Ayers, Susan and Abbott, Jane and Gyte, Gillian and Rabe, Heike and Duley, Lelia (2013) Measures of satisfaction with care during labour

Background: Satisfaction is the one of the most frequently reported outcome measures for quality of care. Assessment of satisfaction with maternity services is crucial, and psychometrically sound measures are needed if this is to inform health practices. This paper comparatively reviews current measures of satisfaction with care during labour and birth. Methods: A review of the literature was conducted. Studies were located through computerised databases and hand searching references of identified articles and reviews. Inclusion criteria were that the questionnaire was a multi-item scale of satisfaction with care during labour and birth, and some form of psychometric information (either information about questionnaire construction, or reliability, or validity) had to be reported. Results: Nine questionnaires of satisfaction with care during labour and birth were identified. Instruments varied in psychometric properties and dimensions. Most described questionnaire construction and tested some form of reliability and validity. Measures were generally not based on the main theoretical models of satisfaction and varied in scope and application to different types of samples (e.g. satisfaction following caesarean section). For an in-depth measure of satisfaction with intrapartum care, the Intrapartal-Specific Quality from the Patient’s Perspective questionnaire (QPP-I) is recommended. Brief measures with good reliability and validity are provided by the Six Simple Questions (SSQ) or Perceptions of Care Adjective Checklist (PCACL-R). Conclusions: Despite the interest in measures of satisfaction there are only a small number of validated measures of satisfaction with care during labour and birth. It is important that brief, reliable and valid measures are available for use in general and specific populations in order to assist research and inform practice.
Induction of Anti-RF Antibodies with PGL 1 Peptide 325

Since the original discovery of idiotypes (1-3), their structural basis and biological significance have been a central interest in immunology. Recently, Bona et ai. (4) described a peculiar antiidiotypic antibody that reacted not only with an idiotype on a monoclonal, human anti-IgG autoantibody (rheumatoid factor, RF), 1 but also with the Fc fragment of human IgG (4). They called this doubly reactive antiidiotype an epibody, i.e., an antibody recognizing both an idiotope and an epitope on the original antigen. Very recently, we prepared and characterized three different types of antiidiotypic antibodies against human rheumatoid factors: (a) a monoclonal antiidiotype (mAb 17.109), that reacts with 30% of human monoclonai RF (5); (b) antiidiotype that bears the "internal image" of human IgG, and thus binds to most human RF (6); and (c) antiidiotypes induced by synthetic peptides corresponding to distinct, complementarity-determining regions (CDR) on RF heavy and light chains (7, 8). The latter, CDR peptide-induced antibodies identify preselected idiotypes, with amino acid sequences homologous to the immunizing peptides. In the present study, we describe the induction of an antiidiotype against human RF with epibody properties. Surprisingly, the epibody was elicited by immunization with a synthetic peptide. The results provide evidence for the possible molecular basis of the epibody phenomenon.
Behavior adaptation from negative social signal based on own goal awareness

—Robots are expected to perform actions in a human environment where they will have to learn both how and when to act. Social human robot interaction could provide the robot with external feedback to guide them. In previous work, we have developed bio-inspired models for action planning which enables the system to adapt its representations and thus its behavior in the context of latent learning with rewards. In this paper the focus is put on using negative signals. It stresses an important feature of a cognitive system : it must be aware of its own objectives i.e. aware of what it is about to do. The model presented here allows the robot the awareness of its goal, and we show that such a knowledge enhances the behavior of a robot receiving an external negative signal.
Using Neural Networks to Evaluate the Intelligibility of the Speech in Voice over Internet Protocol

— An important and unresolved problem is the automatic quantification of voice quality. Many parameters affect the voice quality, but only subjective assessments are crucial. The article makes a proposal to create a solution for the prediction of subjective voice quality assessment. A neural network is used to evaluate the quality of Voice over IP (VoIP) solutions. Computational models of similarity, Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) analysis and Speech Processing Tools are used to assess intelligibility. Statistics techniques and algorithms are used for building neural networks. The end result is an analysis and an automated hypothesis about sound quality in the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) scale.
Novel Particular Solutions, Breathers, and Rogue Waves for an Integrable Nonlocal Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

A determinant representation of the n -fold Darboux transformation for the integrable nonlocal derivative nonlinear Schödinger (DNLS) equation is presented. Using the proposed Darboux transformation, we construct some particular solutions from zero seed, which have not been reported so far for locally integrable systems. We also obtain explicit breathers from a nonzero seed with constant amplitude, deduce the corresponding extended Taylor expansion, and obtain several first-order rogue wave solutions. Our results reveal several interesting phenomena which differ from those emerging from the classical DNLS equation.
Automatic Harmony Analysis of Jazz Audio Recordings

This thesis aims to develop a style specific approach to Automatic Chord Estimation and computer-aided harmony analysis for jazz audio recordings. We build a dataset of time-aligned jazz harmony transcriptions, develop an evaluation metrics which accounts for jazz specificity in assessing the quality of automatic chord transcription. Then we evaluate some existing state of the art algorithms and develop our own using beat detection, chroma features extraction, and probabilistic model as building blocks. Also, we suggest a novel way of visualizing chroma distribution based on Compositional Data Analysis techniques. The visualization allows exploring the specificity of chords rendering in general and in different jazz sub-genres. The presented work makes a step toward expanding current Music Information Retrieval (MIR) approaches for Audio Chord Estimation task, which are currently biased towards rock and pop music.
Mitigating Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks in Named Data Networking

—Named Data Networking (NDN) is a novel networking approach that aims at overcoming some of the limitations of the current Internet. In particular, NDN aims at providing better privacy and security by focusing on the data items themselves rather than on the location of data. This is achieved by using soft states at the routers, which record the requests/interests for data from users in the Pending Interest Table (PIT). However, this new networking concept opens up avenues for launching Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks on PITs. That is, an attacker may ﬂood the network with a large number of Interest packets that would overﬂow the PITs at the routers, thus preventing legitimate users from receiving the requested data. This type of DDoS attack is known as the Interest Flooding Attack (IFA) and, if not adequately dealt with, may severely disrupt the normal operation of an NDN system. In this paper, we ﬁrst show that the basic NDN mechanism is vulnerable to IFA even when the attacker has very limited resources. Next, we propose a mitigation technique that allows routers to quickly identify and block such DDoS attempts, by detecting anomalous user behaviour. We also introduce an additional security layer by using public-key based router authentication. We evaluate our proposed scheme by means of computer simulations and show that a sufﬁcient level of security can be achieved with little processing and storage overhead.
buildings during the 2012

The main features of the Reinforced Concrete (RC) building stock that was struck by the Emilia 2012 earthquake and damage observed after the event are analyzed. Building stock characteristics and historical seismic classification are employed for the definition of two benchmark structures, representative of the whole building stock. Seismic capacity of the two structures, at different damage states, is assessed through static push-over analyses, within the N2 spectral assessment framework. Infill panels’ contribution in terms of strength and stiffness is explicitly taken into account in the analytical model. Damage States are defined according to a mechanical interpretation of EMS-98 scale. Fragility functions at each Damage State are obtained through the application of a Response Surface Method. Finally large-scale damage scenarios are obtained crossing the geo-referenced census data regarding the characteristics of the Emilia RC building stock and starting from the seismic input provided by the shake map of the event. The scenarios seem to be in reasonable agreement with the observed damage.