Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synchronization of Multiple Radar Observations in 3-D Radar Mosaic

Because of the high spatial and temporal resolutions of radar data, they have been widely used in many meteorological applications such as severe storm monitoring and warnings, convective scale numerical weather predictions (NWP), as well as quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) and forecast (QPF). The National Weather Service (NWS) has implemented the communication infrastructure that facilitates the central collection and distribution of base level data in real time from ~140 WSR-88D (Weather Surveillance Radar – 1988 Doppler) sites to several centralized locations or hubs (http://www.roc.noaa.gov/NWS_Level_2/AMS.asp). End users from government agencies, universities and private industries can access and retrieve the base level data in real-time from the centralized hubs. The National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), utilizing the communication infrastructure, has instituted a National Mosaic and multi-sensor QPE (Quantitative Precipitation Estimation), or NMQ, system and research program (Zhang et al. 2004, Seo et al. 2005). The NMQ system takes base level data from all available radars at any given time, performs quality control, and then combines reflectivity observations from individual radars onto a unified 3-D Cartesian grid that covers the contiguous United States (CONUS). The 3-D CONUS radar mosaic has provided users with high-resolution radar reflectivity data that are comparable to the raw data with the advantage of a Cartesian coordinate system.
Exploring the Application of Deep Learning for Supervised Learning Problems

One of the main difficulties in applying deep neural nets (DNNs) to new domains is the need to explore multiple architectures in order to discover ones that perform well. We analyze a large set of DNNs across multiple domains and derive insights regarding their effectiveness. We also analyze the characteristics of various DNNs and the general effect they may have on performance. Finally, we explore the application of meta-learning to the problem of architecture ranking. We demonstrate that by using topological features and modeling the changes in its weights, biases and activation functions layers of the initial training steps, we are able to rank architectures based on their predicted performance. We consider this work to be a first step in the important and challenging direction of exploring the space of different neural network architectures.
Developing Distinct Mathematical and Scientific Pedagogical Content Knowledge in an Early Childhood Dual-Content Methods Course: An Alternative to Integration

ABSTRACT Methods for teaching early childhood mathematics and science are often addressed in a single, dual-content course. Approaches to teaching this type of course include integrating the content and the pedagogy of both subjects, or keeping the subject areas distinct. In this article, the authors discuss and illustrate their approach to such a combined course. They emphasize the development of preservice teachers’ distinct pedagogical content knowledge in mathematics and in science rather than an integration of the two. The authors do this by concentrating their course development on a central unifying theme or idea within each content-area. Through course readings, media, in-class activities and discussions, and fieldwork, the authors highlight the similarities and differences between early childhood mathematics and science methods, thus offering preservice teachers a conceptual infrastructure that empowers them to make informed choices about their own mathematics and science programs.
Apprentissage non supervisé pour la traduction automatique : application à un couple de langues peu doté

Cet article présente une méthode non-supervisée pour extraire des paires de phrases parallèles à partir d’un corpus comparable. Un système de traduction automatique est utilisé pour exploiter le corpus comparable et détecter les paires de phrases parallèles. Un processus itératif est exécuté non seulement pour augmenter le nombre de paires de phrases parallèles extraites, mais aussi pour améliorer la qualité globale du système de traduction. Une comparaison avec une méthode semi-supervisée est présentée également. Les expériences montrent que la méthode non-supervisée peut être réellement appliquée dans le cas où on manque de données parallèles. Bien que les expériences préliminaires soient menées sur la traduction français-anglais, cette méthode non-supervisée est également appliquée avec succès à un couple de langues peu doté : vietnamien-français.
Advances in Pulp Capping Materials: A Review

Vital pulp therapy has been known as one of the treatment options to preserve pulp after being exposed by trauma or caries. The procedure of pulp capping relies primarily on the ability of pulpal tissue to heal. A wide array of materials has been used for pulp capping. The aim of this article is to summarize and discuss various pulp capping materials.
Extended Services in Supported Employment : What are providers doing ? Are customers satisfied ?

The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of extended services for consumers in supported employment programs. Extended services occur once the individual worker has stabilized on the job and needs less support. Eight nominated provider agencies provided data for 283 extended service consumers, including logging extended service contacts and distributing a satisfaction survey. Extended service interventions occurred an average of twice per month for 67.4 minutes per contact. Time per contact appeared to decrease over time from stabilization. Four of every five contacts were for routine job maintenance checks, with one of five an unplanned but necessary intervention due to workrelated or non-work related problems. The need of the agency to address these problems and issues continued over the course of extended services, evidencing the need of consumers for ongoing support for job maintenance. Overall, consumers were satisfied with their jobs and with the extended services they received.
Meteorites: messengers from the outer space

Milhares de meteoroides, corpos solidos do espaco extra-terrestre, entram na atmosfera da Terra a cada ano. Sao pedacos de rocha, metal ou aglomerados de rocha e metal, variando em massa de fracoes de grama a centenas de quilogramas. Aqueles que sobrevivem a passagem atraves da atmosfera e caem na Terra, sao chamados meteoritos. Os meteoritos sao as rochas primitivas, tao antigas quanto o Sistema Solar. O estudo desses objetos enigmaticos intriga os cientistas desde tempos antigos, nao apenas por seu local de origem, mas tambem pelas condicoes que prevaleceram na sua formacao, dando origem a estruturas e composicoes quimica e mineralogica caracteristicas. Essas rochas primitivas sao mensageiras do espaco extraterrestre que carregam consigo preciosos segredos sobre a formacao do Sistema Solar, depende de nos revela-los. Nesse artigo apresentamos uma revisao do trabalho realizado no Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF/MCT), aplicando a espectroscopia Mossbauer ao estudo do sistema Fe-Ni meteoritico.
Optimizations in Heterogeneous Mobile Networks

Heterogeneous Mobile Networks bring advantages over homogeneous deployments in achieving the demand for mobile network capacity and coverage not just outdoor rural and urban areas, but also to homes and enterprises where the large portion of the mobile traffic is generated. However, the heterogeneity in the mobile networks bring many challenges that are discusses with this dissertation. More focus is placed on specific issues within different areas of heterogeneity by proposing optimizations in order to overcome the considered problems. The heterogeneity of mobile networks, together with the densification of the base stations, bring into a very complex network management and operation control for the mobile operators. Furthermore, the need to provide always best connection and service with high quality demands for a joint overall network resource management. This thesis addresses this challenge by proposing a universal hierarchical framework that enables flexible and effective management of diverse resources, namely spectral, optical and computational. Dual Connectivity (DC) is an emerging architecture, which allows for simplified and flexible mobility management and enhanced load balancing among nodes. The independent control of the user’s transmit power at each node may cause degradation of the overall performance. In this line, a dedicated study of power distribution among the carriers is performed. An optimization of the power allocation is proposed and evaluated. The results show significant performance improvement to the achieved user throughput in low as well as in high loads in the cell. The flow control of the data between the nodes is another challenge for effective aggregation of the resources in case of dual connectivity. As such, this thesis discusses the challenges in providing efficient flow control, and investigates an optimal traffic rate allocation method. Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) designates a leading technology for the Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture that is able to support dense deployments, while ensuring network level energy and cost efficiency for the operator. This thesis thoroughly investigates the achievable multiplexing gains under CRAN through a mathematical model based on the teletraffic theory. The work
Analysis of Feature Invariance and Discrimination for Hand Images: Fourier Descriptors versus Momen

Abstract—This papers addresses the issue of feature extraction for the case of gesture recognition. Two important properties are covered in the experiments, invariance to certain transformations and discrimination power. The study of these two characteristics was carried out using Moment Invariants and Fourier Descriptors, specifically for ASL (American Sign Language) images, and for that purpose a new dataset for the ASL images was created. Three types of images greyscale, binary and contours were used with the Moment Invariants. Two different Fourier Descriptors were compared, namely complex coordinates and central distances. The results showed trends for the invariance and discrimination powers for both feature sets. The paper shows how to gather information that allow researchers to choose between two competing feature extraction methods before attempting to train a classifier.
Supersymmetry Breaking and Gauge Mediation

We review recent works on supersymmetry breaking and gauge mediation. We survey our current understanding of dynamical supersymmetry-breaking mechanisms and describe new model-building tools that use duality, metastability, and stringy construction. We discuss phenomenological constraints and their solutions, paying particular attention to gaugino masses and electroweak symmetry breaking.
White paper on Mesoscale / sub-mesoscale dynamics in the upper ocean March 18 , 2015 Contributors :

Several decades of research on low-frequency (sub-inertial) ocean variability have brought scientific understanding to a point where new, high-resolution global observations of upper ocean motions are required to make progress in two critical areas: (1) mesoscale variability and the associated lateral exchange processes (“eddy fluxes”) and (2) submesoscale variability and the associated upper-ocean vertical exchange processes (“vertical exchange”). Recent research, mostly from high resolution numerical simulations in large domains, suggests that mesoscale and sub-mesoscale variability and the associated exchange processes are not independent, but rather may be coupled in subtle but important ways, including a variety of potential mechanisms for the nonlinear transfer of energy between different scales. This mesoscale and sub-mesoscale variability and the associated eddy fluxes and vertical exchange play essential roles in ocean circulation dynamics and physical-biological coupling. However these roles still need to be better understood. Future improvements in our ability to model and predict accurately the ocean’s role in the Earth’s climate system and the functioning and evolution of global ocean ecosystems will depend importantly on new advances in understanding these fundamental physical oceanographic processes.
Temporal changes in the emissions of CH 4 and CO from China estimated from CH 4 / CO 2 and CO / CO 2 correlations observed at Hateruma Island

Abstract. In situ observation of the atmospheric CO2, CH4, and CO mixing ratios at Hateruma Island (HAT, 24.05° N, 123.80° E) often show synoptic-scale variations with correlative elevations during winter, associated with air transport from the East Asian countries. We examine winter (November– March) trends in ΔCH4 / ΔCO2, ΔCO / ΔCO2, and ΔCO / ΔCH4 observed at Hateruma over the period 1999 to 2010. To investigate the relationship between the East Asian emissions and the short-term variations in the atmospheric mixing ratios, we use the FLEXPART Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM). The observed ratios ΔCH4 / ΔCO2 and ΔCO / ΔCO2 both show an overall gradual decrease over the study period due to a recent rapid increase in fossil fuel consumption in China. We note, however, that the decreasing rates of ΔCH4 / ΔCO2 and ΔCO / ΔCO2 show gradual decrease and increase, respectively, during the entire observation periods used in this study. The ΔCO / ΔCH4 slope, on the other hand, shows an increasing trend during 1999–2004 but a decrease during 2005–2010. Calculation of the concentration footprint for the atmospheric observation at HAT by using the FLEXPART LPDM indicates that most of the short-term variations are caused by emission variations from northern and eastern China. Combined with a set of reported emission maps, we have estimated the temporal changes in the annual CH4 and CO emissions from China under the assumption that the estimate of the fossil-fuel-derived CO2 emissions based on the energy statistics are accurate. The estimated annual CH4 emissions, corresponding to nonseasonal sources or anthropogenic sources without rice fields, show a nearly constant value of 39 ± 7 TgCH4 yr−1 during 1998–2002, and then gradually increase to 46 ± 8 TgCH4 yr−1 in 2009/2010. The estimated annual CO emissions increase from 134 ± 32 TgCO yr−1 in 1998/1999 to 182 ± 42 TgCO yr−1 in 2004/2005, level off after 2005, and then slightly decrease to less than 160 TgCO yr−1 in 2008–2010.
Physical Interactions between Mcm10, DNA, and DNA Polymerase α*

Mcm10 is an essential eukaryotic protein required for the initiation and elongation phases of chromosomal replication. Specifically, Mcm10 is required for the association of several replication proteins, including DNA polymerase α (pol α), with chromatin. We showed previously that the internal (ID) and C-terminal (CTD) domains of Mcm10 physically interact with both single-stranded (ss) DNA and the catalytic p180 subunit of pol α. However, the mechanism by which Mcm10 interacts with pol α on and off DNA is unclear. As a first step toward understanding the structural details for these critical intermolecular interactions, x-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy were used to map the binary interfaces between Mcm10-ID, ssDNA, and p180. The crystal structure of an Mcm10-ID·ssDNA complex confirmed and extended our previous evidence that ssDNA binds within the oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding-fold cleft of Mcm10-ID. We show using NMR chemical shift perturbation and fluorescence spectroscopy that p180 also binds to the OB-fold and that ssDNA and p180 compete for binding to this motif. In addition, we map a minimal Mcm10 binding site on p180 to a small region within the p180 N-terminal domain (residues 286–310). These findings, together with data for DNA and p180 binding to an Mcm10 construct that contains both the ID and CTD, provide the first mechanistic insight into how Mcm10 might use a handoff mechanism to load and stabilize pol α within the replication fork.
Parameteridentifikation und Optimale Versuchsplanung bei instationären partiellen Differentialgleichungen

In dieser Arbeit wird beschrieben, wie ein Modellparameter einer instationaren partiellen Differentialgleichung mit der Maximum-Likelihood-Methode geschatzt werden kann und wie die Zuverlassigkeit bei einer solchen Schatzung durch Bestimmung eines D-optimalen Designs maximiert werden kann. Diesbezuglich wird die Fisher-Informationsmatrix verwendet. Am Beispiel eines Saulenchromatographieprozesses werden die in dieser Arbeit beschriebenen Optimierungsverfahren numerisch umgesetzt.
AKT2/3 Subunits Render Guard Cell K (cid:1) Channels Ca 2 (cid:1) Sensitive

Inward-rectifying K (cid:1) channels serve as a major pathway for Ca 2 (cid:1) -sensitive K (cid:1) inﬂux into guard cells. Arabidopsis thaliana guard cell inward-rectifying K (cid:1) channels are assembled from multiple K (cid:1) channel subunits. Following the recent isolation and characterization of an akt2/3-1 knockout mutant, we examined whether the AKT2/3 subunit carries the Ca 2 (cid:1) sensitivity of the guard cell inward rectiﬁer. Quantiﬁcation of RT-PCR products showed that despite the absence of AKT2 transcripts in guard cells of the knockout plant, expression levels of the other K (cid:1) channel subunits ( KAT1, KAT2, AKT1 , and AtKC1 ) remained largely unaffected. Patch-clamp experiments with guard cell protoplasts from wild type and akt2/3-1 mutant, however, revealed pronounced differences in Ca 2 (cid:1) sensitivity of the K (cid:1) inward rectiﬁer. Wild-type channels were blocked by extracellular Ca 2 (cid:1) in a concentration-and voltage-dependent manner. Akt2/3-1 mutants lacked the voltage-dependent Ca 2 (cid:1) block, characteristic for the K (cid:1) inward rectiﬁer. To conﬁrm the akt2/3-1 phenotype, two independent knockout mutants, akt2-1 and akt2::En-1 were tested, demonstrating that the loss of AKT2/3 indeed affects the Ca 2 (cid:1) dependence of guard cell inward rectiﬁer. In contrast to AKT2 knockout plants, AKT1, AtKC1 , and KAT1 loss-of-function mutants retained Ca 2 (cid:1) block of the guard cell inward rectiﬁer. When expressed in HEK293 cells, AKT2 channel displayed a pronounced susceptibility toward extracellular Ca 2 (cid:1) , while the dominant guard cell K (cid:1) channel KAT2 was Ca 2 (cid:1) insensitive. Thus, we conclude that the AKT2/3 subunit constitutes the Ca 2 (cid:1) sensitivity of the guard cell K (cid:1) uptake channel.
An analytical commentary on some telling grammatical errors on some frequency modulation stations in Kumasi, Ghana

This paper presents evidence of some serious grammatical aberrations on nearly all the Frequency Modulation Stations (FM) in the Kumasi Metropolis. The paper argues that owing to the power of the electronic media, constant repetition of grammatical aberrations tend to exert a negative effect on learners, especially, the impressionable young ones. Some ways to tackle this sickening waywardness in the use of English have been suggested and attention drawn to the very sanctity of the word, as postulated, at least for our purposes, in John's proclamation (1984). In the beginning was the Word, And the Word was with God, And the Word was God. This paper's position, therefore, is that the fact of the Word being God attests to its very sanctity and the compelling need to avoid too many abusages and vulgarisms. Journal of Science and Technology Vol.24(2) 2004:92-98
Table 2 . Percentage of Specimens Successfully Recognized by Discrimlnant Analysis

Clinical Chemistry Service’ and Laboratory Computer Service2. Clinical Pathology Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205. Present addresses: A.C,V.S. : Laboratorium Klinische Scheikunde, RIA Laboratorium, Academisch Ziekenhuis, V.U. B. , Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; J.E. B. : School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354; D,S.Y. : Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901. Presented in part at the 30th national meeting of the AACC, San Francisco, July 1978. Received Aug. 3, 1979; accepted Sept. 13, 1979. SMAC SMAC SMAC SMAC SMAC SMAC SMAC SMAC CLIN. CHEM. 26/1, 30-36(1980)
Approximations of General Independent Distributions 1

This report describes e cient constructions of small probability spaces that approximate the joint distribution for general random variables. These results yield e cient constructions of small sets with low discrepancy in high dimensional space. Chapter 1 contains the text (more or less) as it has appeared in the STOC92 proceedings. In that version the problem of approximating the product distribution of general random variables is reduced to the construction of small discrepancy sets, and all constructions are presented in terms of the latter problem. Chapter 2 contains contains an ealier version in which only the rst construction is presented. The exposition is in terms of the original problem (i.e., of approximating the product distribution of general random variables). In Chapter 3 we provide details for a construction of a small bias sample space over GF (p), for p > 2. References to this construction are made in Section 2.3. 3 (and at the end of Section 1.3.1) as well as in subsequent literature, however so far details have only appeared in the rst author's M.Sc. Thesis (in Hebrew).
Struktur dan Fungsi Eufemisme dalam Rubrik Obituari Harian Kompas

Kajian ini berfokus pada penggunaan gaya bahasa eufemisme dalam rubrik obituari harian Kompas. Objek penelitian ini berupa kosakata yang menunjukkan kekhasan penggunaan gaya bahasa . Data dalam penelitian ini mencakup 43 kosakata dari rubrik Obituari harian Kompas yang terbit September 2015 s.d. April 2016. Kajian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan berfokus pada struktur dan fungsi eufemisme yang ditemukan. Data diperoleh dengan teknik catat dan kemudian diklasifikasikan berdasarkan konteksnya. Analisis data memanfaatkan metode padan referensial. Berdasarkan bentuknya, pemakaian gaya bahasa eufemisme mencakup tataran kata dan frasa. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gaya bahasa eufemisme yang digunakan dalam rubrik obituari Kompas memiliki latar belakang kesantunan, prestise, dan mengagungkan jasa dari orang yang diberitakan.
BEWERTUNG DER ERGEBNISSE VON PRUFUNGEN ZUR BAUAUFSICHTLICHEN ZULASSUNG VONPORTLANDKALKSTEINZEMENTEN

Die 1994 ueberarbeitete und an den Entwurf der europaeischen Zementnorm EN 197-1 angepasste DIN 1164-1 legt fuer die zur Zementherstellung zugelassenen hydraulischen, latent-hydraulischen, puzzolanischen oder inerten Hauptbestandteile Anforderungen und Mengenbegrenzungen fest. Damit koennen Zemente mit sehr unterschiedlichen Verarbeitungsmerkmalen hergestellt werden. Nach einer 10jaehrigen Erprobungsphase mit bauaufsichtlicher Zulassung wurde Portlandkalksteinzement (CEM II/A-L) als genormter Zement in DIN 1164-1 aufgenommen. Vorausgegangen waren umfangreiche Untersuchungen zur Klaerung der Frage, ob dieser Zement dem Portlandzement (CEM I) vergleichbare Eigenschaften aufweist. Neben Festigkeitspruefungen an Zementmoertel und Beton und der Bestimmung statischer Elastizitaetsmoduli wurden insbesondere das Carbonatisierungsverhalten, der Frost- und der Frost-Tausalz-Widerstand untersucht, um Aussagen zur Dauerhaftigkeit dieses Zementes zu erhalten. Die mitgeteilten Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Festigkeitsentwicklungen der untersuchten Moertel und Betone nahezu gleich verlaufen. Auch beim statischen E-Modul und bei Frost- beziehungsweise Frost-Tausalz-Pruefungen ergeben sich praktisch keine Unterschiede. Lediglich bei der Untersuchung des Carbonatisierungsfortschritts zeigen die geprueften CEM II/A-L bei Pruefzeiten ueber 1 Jahr eine tendenziell hoehere Carbonatisierungstiefe als die vergleichend geprueften CEM I. Bei Einhaltung der in DIN 1045 festgelegten Masse fuer die Betondeckung ist dies jedoch ohne baupraktische Bedeutung.