Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary In vivo evaluation of the acute toxicity of Dillenia philippinensis ( Rolfe ) fruit extract , Anthocyanins and Polyphenols in Mice ( Mus musculus )

Dillenia philippinensis (Rolfe) is an endemic plant to the Philippines. Up to date, there are no available data about the toxicity of the fruit extract, anthocyanins and polyphenols from D. philippinensis fruits. Therefore, this study investigated their adverse effects in mice. A total of 63 female ICR mice were administered with sterile water (control), crude fruit extract and various doses of anthocyanin and polyphenol at 300, 630, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/kg. Toxicological observations were completed for 14 days according to the guidelines set by OECD. The signs of toxicity observed were decreased motor activity, poor startle reaction, excessive micturition, decreased respiratory depth and rate, tail lashing and body tremor. Liver abnormalities such as calcification along the portal tract and focal periportal necrosis in the liver of mice treated with 5000 mg/kg anthocyanin while periportal degenerative change (focal and extensive) manifested by loss of cytoplasmic eosinophilia in mice administered with polyphenol at the same dose level confirm their toxicity. Based on the observed clinical signs and histopathological evaluation, the fruits are safe to eat as raw foods. The single oral dose of anthocyanin and polyphenol at 5000 mg/kg is toxic however, 300 mg/kg dose is recommended for daily intake. * Corresponding Author: Racquel C. Barcelo  racqueltanchua@gmail.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print), 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 10, No. 5, p. 172-186, 2017
Hydraulic Oscillation and Instability of a Hydraulic System with Two Different Pump-Turbines in Turbine Operation

Hydraulic oscillation mainly reveals the undesirable pressure fluctuations which can cause catastrophic failure of any hydraulic system. The behavior of a hydraulic system equipped with two different pump-turbines was investigated through hydraulic oscillation analysis to demonstrate severe consequences induced in turbine operation, including S-shaped characteristics. The impedance of a pump-turbine has an essential role in the determination of the instability of the hydraulic system. The conventional way to determine the instability solely using the slope of a characteristic curve was improved, including the effect of guide vane opening in pump-turbine impedance, which consequently modified the instability expression. With this pump-turbine impedance, hydraulic oscillation analysis, including free oscillation analysis and frequency response analysis, was carried out. The free oscillation analysis entails the computation of complex natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of the system. These computations provided necessary information about the vulnerable position of vital hydraulic components and the scenario for self-excited oscillation. Further, the analysis illustrates the significant role of guide vane opening to prevent the system from becoming unstable. Lastly, frequency response analysis was performed for the system with an oscillating guide vane to obtain the frequency response spectrum, which revealed that the resonating frequencies are consistent with natural frequencies, and it supported free oscillation results.
The Fuck is Going On? The Grammaticalization of Taboo Words in English

This study examines the grammaticalization of the verb “fuck” to the periphrastic interrogative “the fuck”. I use various forms of data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the Corpus of Historical American English to analyze (1) the evolution of “fuck” from a concrete lexical verb to an item diversified in meaning and part of speech, (2) the development of the phrase “what the X” from “what the devil”, and (3) the specific grammaticalization of “the fuck” as an interrogative. These processes are then discussed in terms of specific principles of grammaticalization which they illustrate.
Yield performance of dedicated industrial crops on low‐temperature characterized marginal agricultural land in Europe – a review

About 8.37 Mha of European agricultural land is affected by low temperature and thus considered marginal agricultural land. This land allows for industrial crop cultivation without competing directly with food security or biodiversity conservation. However, little is known regarding the yield performance of industrial crops under low temperature conditions. This study therefore compiles the available data and discusses them in the context of remaining uncertainties. Overall, 12 industrial crops were identified as relevant for Europe: giant reed (Arundo donax L.), camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz), cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.), crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst ex R.E.Fr.), cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.), hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), miscanthus (Miscanthus spp.), poplar (Populus L.), reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and willow (Salix L.). Good or very good growth suitability under low temperature was indicated for camelina, upland switchgrass, reed canary grass, and willow. Nevertheless, it was also found that there are strong variations in yield performance within the selected industrial crops. Little information was found on the effects of marginality constraints on biomass quality. The uncertainty resulting from this fragmentary data situation represents one of the greatest challenges to the large‐scale implementation of industrial crop cultivation across European agricultural land prone to low temperatures, especially in the context of climate change. © 2021 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in Community and Primary CareSettings: A Scoping Review.

Background Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia and is associated with increased risk of stroke, morbidity and mortality. AF is responsible for up to a quarter of all strokes and is often asymptomatic until a stroke occurs.Screening for AF is a valuable approach to reduce the burden of stroke in the population. Objectives The motivation for this review was to synthesise and appraise the evidence for screening for AF in the community. The aims of this scoping review are 1). To describe the prevalence of newly diagnosed AF in screening programmes 2). Identify which techniques/ tools are employed for AF screening 3). To describe the setting and personnel involved in screening for AF. Eligibility Criteria All forms of AF screening in adults (≥18 years) in primary and community care settings. Methods This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Results Fifty-nine papers were included; most were cross-sectional studies (n=41) and RCTs (n=7). Prevalence of AF ranged from 0-34.5%. Screening tools and techniquesincluded the 12-lead ECG (n=33), the 1-lead ECG smartphone based Alivecor® (n=14) and pulse palpation (n=12). Studies were undertaken in community settings (n=30) or in urban/rural primary care (n=28). Personnel collecting research data were in the main members of the research team (n=31), GPs (n=16), practice nurses (n=10), participants (n=8) and pharmacists (n=4). Conclusion Prevalence of AF increased with advancing age. AF screening should target individuals at greatest risk of the condition including older adults≥65 years of age. Emerging novel technologies may increase the accessibility of AF screening in community and home settings. There is a need for high quality research to investigate AF prevalence and establish accuracy and validity for traditional versus novel screening tools used to screen for AF.
An overview of dense eigenvalue solvers for distributed memory systems

Solving large-scale eigenvalue problems presents a central problem in many research fields, such as electronic structure calculation, macromolecular simulations, solid states, theoretical physics, and combinatorial optimizations. Computing the required eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors of the large matrices is a challenging task requiring significant computational time. Therefore, the computation of such problems is usually executed on large computational resources, consisting of a large number of compute nodes connected with fast interconnection links and, more often, equipped with the accelerators, such as graphic processing units. Nowadays, when the whole world races for the first exascale supercomputer and the research computational appetites are bigger than ever, the need for scalable and high-performance eigenvalue solvers, capable of exploiting such large, distributed-memory machines, is of crucial importance for the further breakthroughs in the research. This paper gives an overview of the existing numerical linear algebra packages and libraries implementing solvers for dense eigenvalue problems, tailored for distributed-memory systems. The overview analysis showed that numerous eigensolvers for distributed-memory systems exist, however, not many of them are capable of exploiting the full potential of the modern, heterogeneous, GPU-based machines with complex memory hierarchies.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Physicians and Pharmacists Working in Alexandria Governmental Hospitals Regarding Food Drug and Drug Nutrient Interactions

Background: Food drug interactions (FDIs) and drug nutrient interactions (DNIs) are considered adverse drug reactions pertaining to nutritional diseases. The primarily and most easily accessible health care professionals to the patients are physicians and pharmacists. Knowledge and expertise about FDIs and DNIs are both essential among healthcare professionals where their lack would eventually lead to inappropriate patient counseling and undesirable adverse medical consequences. Aim (s): To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians and pharmacists working in Ministry of Health governmental hospitals of Alexandria regarding food drug and drug nutrient interactions and their association to professional characteristics. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 279 physicians and pharmacists. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire to gather information on personal and professional characteristics, nutritional background, and knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians and pharmacists towards food drug and nutrient interactions. Linear regression was used to detect the most independent/affecting factors for the knowledge and practice. Results: Only 10.4% and 17.9% of the studied physicians and pharmacists had good level of knowledge and practice respectively, while 86.7% had positive attitude concerning FDIs and DNIs. Multivariate analysis revealed that the main factors affecting knowledge were the graduation year and having nutrition courses either pre or post-graduation, while practice was mainly affected by knowledge and the undergraduate nutrition courses. Conclusion: Knowledge of physicians and pharmacists about FDIs and DNIs was found to be inadequate. They had positive attitude towards FDIs and DNIs, and moderate to poor practice level. This might be greatly advanced through including nutrition modules in the topics taught to medical students (physicians and pharmacists) via multiple educational strategies.
Trehalose pathway regulates filamentation response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

In Saccharomyces cerevisae , the diploid cells undergo either pseudohyphal differentiation or sporulation in response to carbon and nitrogen source depletion. Distinct pathways are known to regulate the processes of filamentation and sporulation in response to nutritional stress. Here, we report the novel finding that the trehalose pathway which is essential for sporulation, is involved in pseudohyphae formation both via GPR1 as well as RAS2 mediated signaling. Our observations indicate that GPR1 is epistatic over TPS1 in signaling for filamentation. Further, we have demonstrated that the pseudohyphal defect of the ras2 mutant is overcome upon disruption of TPS2 . Thus, our results indicate that TPS1 and TPS2 may be involved in cell fate decision between meiosis and filamentation response under nutrient depleting conditions. Further, monitoring pseudohyphae formation under limiting glucose condition unravelled the possibility that TPS1 and TPS2 exert opposing effects to trigger filamentation response.
A Framework for Australian Universities and Public Libraries Supporting Regional, Rural and Remote Students

ABSTRACT University students living in regional, rural and remote (RRR) communities of Australia face unique challenges including geographical isolation, lack of access to face-to-face support, and technological barriers. This paper outlines a project funded by the Australian Government’s Higher Education Participation and Partnerships Program that was undertaken by five universities with significant enrolments of students from low socio-economic backgrounds living in RRR communities. The project established a Framework for Australian Universities and Public Libraries Supporting Regional, Rural and Remote Students that provides a set of strategic recommendations that will guide the development of accessible, relevant and sustainable study and learning support to meet the needs of low socio-economic students living in RRR communities. This national project provided a unique opportunity for Australia’s universities and public libraries to work together in order to ‘future proof’ the education of students from low socio-economic backgrounds living in regional and remote communities.
Design Approaches of MEMS Microphones for Enhanced Performance

This paper reports a review about microelectromechanical system (MEMS) microphones. The focus of this review is to identify the issues in MEMS microphone designs and thoroughly discuss the state-of-the-art solutions that have been presented by the researchers to improve performance. Considerable research work has been carried out in capacitive MEMS microphones, and this field has attracted the research community because these designs have high sensitivity, flat frequency response, and low noise level. A detailed overview of the omnidirectional microphones used in the applications of an audio frequency range has been presented. Since the microphone membrane is made of a thin film, it has residual stress that degrades the microphone performance. An in-depth detailed review of research articles containing solutions to relieve these stresses has been presented. The comparative analysis of fabrication processes of single- and dual-chip omnidirectional microphones, in which the membranes are made up of single-crystal silicon, polysilicon, and silicon nitride, has been done, and articles containing the improved performance in these two fabrication processes have been explained. This review will serve as a starting guide for new researchers in the field of capacitive MEMS microphones.
A Systematic Approach for Identifying Requirement Change Management Challenges: Preliminary Results

Requirement Change is one of the most challenging tasks in software development lifecycle, particularly in the complex context of Global Software Development (GSD). During the last decade, many studies are carried out to address these problems, however, careful examination of these works suggests that there's a potential research gap. This paper has performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify the most significant/commonly studied challenges of requirement change management process and furthermore this process under GSD context. We identified ten challenges such as impact analysis, cost estimation, artifacts documents management, requirement traceability, requirements dependency, conflicts with existing requirements, time estimation, change prioritization, user involvement, and system destabilizing. Furthermore, three challenges such as communication and coordination, knowledge sharing, management, and Change Control Board (CCB) management are identified for globally distributed projects. We also mapped these identified challenges to Requirement Change Management Process (RCMP) outcomes proposed in our previous study. We believe that mapping between RCM challenges and RCMP outcomes will enhance the practical significance of this study results. Considering the systematic literature review results, we suggest that there is a need to develop a framework for requirement change management for quality software systems development.
The DOF-Domain Transcription Factor ZmDOF36 Positively Regulates Starch Synthesis in Transgenic Maize

Starch synthesis is a complex process that influences crop yield and grain quality in maize. Many key enzymes have been identified in starch biosynthesis; however, the regulatory mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we identified a DOF family gene, ZmDOF36, through transcriptome sequencing analysis. Real-time PCR indicated that ZmDOF36 was highly expressed in maize endosperm, with lower expression in leaves and tassels. ZmDOF36 is a typical DOF transcription factor (TF) that is localized to the nucleus and possesses transcriptional activation activity, and its transactivation domain is located in the C-terminus (amino acids 227–351). Overexpression of ZmDOF36 can increase starch content and decrease the contents of soluble sugars and reducing sugars. In addition, abnormal starch structure in transgenic maize was also observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the expression levels of starch synthesis-related genes were up-regulated in ZmDOF36-expressing transgenic maize. ZmDOF36 was also shown to bind directly to the promoters of six starch biosynthesis genes, ZmAGPS1a, ZmAGPL1, ZmGBSSI, ZmSSIIa, ZmISA1, and ZmISA3 in yeast one-hybrid assays. Transient expression assays showed that ZmDOF36 can activate the expression of ZmGBSSI and ZmISA1 in tobacco leaves. Collectively, the results presented here suggest that ZmDOF36 acts as an important regulatory factor in starch synthesis, and could be helpful in devising strategies for modulating starch production in maize endosperm.
Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Clostridium perfringens Isolates in Hospitalized Diarrheal Patients from Central China

Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genetic diversity and clinical characteristics of Clostridium perfringens isolates from hospitalized clinical diarrheal patients. Methods A prospective study was conducted on 1108 patients with diarrhea during hospitalization. Stool samples were cultured for C. perfringens, and the toxin genes were detected by PCR. The available clinical data of 112 patients were analyzed to study the clinical features of various isolates. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to assess phylogenetic relationship between different isolates. Results A total of 153 (13.8%) isolates were obtained from patients’ stools. C. perfringens type F (49.0%) was the major toxin type in the isolates, followed by type A (n = 59, 38.6%) and type C (n = 14, 9.2%). Patients older than 50 years and those with underlying diseases of cancer, hepatobiliary system, and ulcerative colitis (UC) were more predisposed to C. perfringens type F and type A infection than to type C. The patients infected with type C experienced more severe clinical symptoms compared to those with type A infection. There was a significant association between type FC and foodborne gastrointestinal (GI) diseases (p = 0.018), between type FP and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) (p < 0.001), and between type A and sporadic diarrhea (SD) (p < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that type F isolates carrying a chromosomal cpe gene mainly belonged to ST77 (6/15 isolates). Type F isolates with cpe gene on a plasmid exhibited high genetic diversity. Conclusion High prevalence and considerable genetic diversity of C. perfringens type F were found in clinical diarrheal patients. Elderly people and patients with cancer, hepatobiliary diseases or UC, or suspected of having food poisoning (FP) may be targeted for routine testing of C. perfringens toxin genes and may benefit from early detection of C. perfringens type C isolates that cause more severe clinical symptoms.
Which Graph Representation to Select for Static Graph-Algorithms on a CUDA-capable GPU

GPUs seem to be ideal for algorithms that work in parallel. A number of ways to represent graphs in GPU memory are known. But so far there are no guidelines to select the representation that is likely to result in the best performance. This a comprehensive study investigates for CUDA-capable GPUs how different graph representations influence the performance of highly optimized graph processing algorithms that traverse the graphs without modifying them. We evaluate three different graph exchange formats and how efficiently they can be imported into eight graph data structures. We use ten state-of-the-art benchmarks that employ different traversals pattern. We evaluate them on 19 input graphs with different characteristics. The measurements show that there is not a single best data structure; the runtime performance can vary up to a factor of 2 between two representations. The main contribution is a set of rules that helps in picking the best-performing graph representation for a given situation.
A strain gauge based locomotion mode recognition method using convolutional neural network

ABSTRACT Locomotion mode recognition can contribute to precise control of active lower-limb prostheses in different environments. In this paper, we propose a novel locomotion mode recognition method based on convolutional neural network and strain gauge signals. The strain gauge only provides one-dimensional signals and is also used in the control strategy of the robotic prosthesis. The convolutional neural network takes the raw noisy signals as inputs. Three transtibial amputee subjects were recruited in the experiments, and three locomotion modes were recognized. The overall three-class locomotion mode recognition accuracy is in the hold-out test and in the 5-fold cross-validation. The results show that the strain gauge contains information of locomotion modes, and the convolutional neural network has the capacity of extracting features from raw signals. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Modern code reviews - Preliminary results of a systematic mapping study

Reviewing source code is a common practice in a modern and collaborative coding environment. In the past few years, the research on modern code reviews has gained interest among practitioners and researchers. The objective of our investigation is to observe the evolution of research related to modern code reviews, identify research gaps and serve as a basis for future research. We use a systematic mapping approach to identify and classify 177 research papers. As preliminary result of our investigation, we present in this paper a classification scheme of the main contributions of modern code review research between 2005 and 2018.
Bag of Embedding Words for Sentiment Analysis of Tweets

This paper presents an alternative of solution based in artificial intelligence to simplify the human effort that implies the analysis of the impact for businesses of their publications in social networks services. This analysis is very important because the audience manifest its opinion mostly in texts that must be processed one by one to know their content and use it in benefit of the business, this implies the use of resources to read each comment and extract characteristics that make possible to determine whether the comments are, positive reactions or negative. Our solution can obtain most effective reports than the ones generated by manual procedures, it means that demands less resources and leads to the save of time and money during the extraction of the answers to a Twitter’s publication. We use BOEW and Word2vec to generate the characteristic vector for each of the answers. Finally, to make the sentiment analysis we use statistic classification models to polarize comments.