Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPUTER REALIZATIONS OF THE CUBIC PARAMETRIC SPLINE CURVE OF BÈZIER TYPE

This paper presents a new method for constructing a third degree parametric spline curve of C1 continuity. Like the Bezier curve, the proposed curve is constructed and operated by control points. The peculiarity of the proposed algorithm is the assignment of some unknown values of the spline in the control points abscissas, which are based on the conditions of the first derivative continuity of the curve at these points. The position of the touch points, as well as the control points, can be set interactively. Changing of these points positions leads to a change in the curve shape. This allows the user to flexibly adjust the shape of the curve. Systems of algebraic equations with tridiagonal matrix for calculating the coefficients of a spline curve are constructed. Conditions for the existence and uniqueness of such a curve are presented. Examples of the use of the proposed curve, in particular, for monotone data sets, approximation the ellipse and constructing the letter "S" are given.
437-440-Maohua Chen

This study analyzed the factors that caused intracranial infection after endoscopic resection of the pituitary tumors by transnasal-sphenoidal approach. A retrospective analysis was performed for 326 patients with resection of pituitary tumor, and multiple Logistic regression analysis was conduced for the relevant factors. Results showed that a total of 32 patients exhibited postoperative infection (9.82%). The infection rates in patients with operation time of > 7 hours, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, diabetes mellitus, as well as those receiving corticosteroids, preoperative use of antibiotics and postoperative use of antibiotics for > 7 days were 15.56%, 15.22%, 13.75%, 9.94%, 10.00% and 10.47%, respectively. The longer operative time, the accompanying cerebrospinal fluid leakage and diabetes mellitus were the infection-related factors after endoscopic resection of pituitary tumors by transnasal-sphenoidal approach (P <0.05), while the preoperative use of corticosteroids and antibiotics and the postoperative use of antibiotics had no beneficial effects on the postoperative accompanying infection (P> 0.05). Thus, intracranial infection after endoscopic resection of pituitary tumors by transnasal-sphenoidal approach seems to be affected by many factors. Further survey and analysis with larger sample size are still needed.
Detection of Suicide Ideation in Social Media Forums Using Deep Learning

Suicide ideation expressed in social media has an impact on language usage. Many at-risk individuals use social forum platforms to discuss their problems or get access to information on similar tasks. The key objective of our study is to present ongoing work on automatic recognition of suicidal posts. We address the early detection of suicide ideation through deep learning and machine learning-based classification approaches applied to Reddit social media. For such purpose, we employ an LSTM-CNN combined model to evaluate and compare to other classification models. Our experiment shows the combined neural network architecture with word embedding techniques can achieve the best relevance classification results. Additionally, our results support the strength and ability of deep learning architectures to build an effective model for a suicide risk assessment in various text classification tasks.
Genetic Characterization of Melipona subnitida Stingless Bee in Brazilian Northeast

The study of M. subnitida , stingless bee well adapted to extreme environmental conditions, is noteworthy once the Northeastern Brazil faces climate changing predictions in which the precipitation rates are expected to decrease, and the average of temperatures to increase. The well-studied populations are limited to the Caatinga biome, where the species was considered endemic. However, the occurrence of this species has been reported in contrasting environments from arid region, such as mangrove and sandbanks in Maranhao state. Our primary goal was to characterize samples from these different environments and compare them with previously studied populations. We identified a unique mitochondrial haplotype per region. The haplotype found in Lencois Maranhenses National Park was exclusive from this location and differed regarding the amino acid sequence when compared to the literature presented haplotypes from Caatinga, which might be related with different evolutionary processes in the distinct environments, though further studies are needed to confirm. Melipona subnitida is highly adapted to extreme environmental conditions and can survive under long drought periods, since during water and resource scarcity, the bees reduce the colony size to a minimum number of brood and workers. Thus, the species maintains only essential tasks for the nest, being an important mechanism to save the resources stored during the bloom of rainy periods (Maia-Silva et al., 2014; 2015). Assuming the climate change predictions for Northeastern Brazil (Marengo et al., 2011) in the semi-arid region, where average reductions in precipitation rates of up to 40–50% are expected (PBMC, 2013), the study bees resistant to these conditions, such as M. subnitida, is noteworthy. Considering the importance of this species regarding resistance to extreme climatic conditions, distributional modeling
Analytical Solutions for Unsteady Pipe Flows with Slip Boundary
 Condition

In this paper analytical expressions for time-dependent velocity profiles and pressure gradient are obtained for fully-developed laminar flows with given volume flow-rate conditions in circular pipe flows with slip boundary conditions. The governing equations are solved analytically using the traditional Laplace transform method together with Mellin’s inversion formula. The evolution of velocity profiles and pressure gradient for starting and pulsatile flow with slip boundary conditions are analyzed. New simplified expressions and perspectives on velocity and pressure gradient for no-slip and slip flows are obtained from the analytical results. New scalings in starting and pulsatile flows are proposed for pipe flows with no-slip and slip boundary conditions using nondimensional numbers. Special attention is paid to the effect of slip factor and pulsatile flow frequency on the time-dependent skin-friction factor. Finally, by using the starting and pulsating flow results, analytical expressions of velocity and pressure for arbitrary inflow are obtained by approximating the arbitrary volume flow-rate by a Fourier series
The substructure of extremely hot summers in the Northern Hemisphere

<p>In the last decades, extremely hot summers (hereafter extreme summers) have challenged societies worldwide through their adverse ecological, economic and public health effects. In this study, extreme summers are identified at all grid points in the Northern Hemisphere in the upper tail of the July&#8211;August (JJA) seasonal mean 2-meter temperature (T2m) distribution, separately in ERA-Interim reanalyses and in 700 simulated years with the Community Earth System Model (CESM) large ensemble for present-day climate conditions. A novel approach is introduced to characterize the substructure of extreme summers, i.e., to elucidate whether an extreme summer is mainly the result of the warmest days being anomalously hot, or of the coldest days being anomalously mild, or of a general shift towards warmer temperatures on all days of the season. Such a statistical characterization can be obtained from considering so-called rank day anomalies for each extreme summer, that is, by sorting the 92 daily mean T2m values of an extreme summer and by calculating, for every rank, the deviation from the climatological mean rank value of T2m. &#160;&#160;</p><p>Applying this method in the entire Northern Hemisphere reveals spatially strongly varying extreme summer substructures, which agree remarkably well in the reanalysis and climate model data sets. For example, in eastern India the hottest 30 days of an extreme summer contribute more than 70% to the total extreme summer T2m anomaly, while the colder days are close to climatology. In the high Arctic, however, extreme summers occur when the coldest 30 days are substantially warmer than climatology. Furthermore, in roughly half of the Northern Hemisphere land area, the coldest third of summer days contribute more to extreme summers than the hottest third, which highlights that milder than normal coldest summer days are a key ingredient of many extreme summers. In certain regions, e.g., over western Europe and western Russia, the substructure of different extreme summers shows large variability and no common characteristic substructure emerges. Furthermore, we show that the typical extreme summer substructure in a certain region is directly related to the region&#8217;s overall T2m rank day variability pattern. This indicates that in regions where the warmest summer days vary particularly strongly from one year to the other, these warmest days are also particularly anomalous in extreme summers (and analogously for regions where variability is largest for the coldest days). Finally, for three selected regions, thermodynamic and dynamical causes of extreme summer substructures are briefly discussed, indicating that, for instance, the onset of monsoons, physical boundaries like the sea ice edge, or the frequency of occurrence of Rossby wave breaking, strongly determine the substructure of extreme summers in certain regions. </p>
Compact Wideband Dual-Frequency Antenna Based on a Simplified Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line with Hilbert Curve Loading

This paper addresses the issues of low bandwidth, gain, and efficiency of miniaturized microwave antennas by proposing a novel wideband dual-frequency coplanar waveguide antenna design based on a simplified composite right/left-handed (SCRLH) transmission line structure with Hilbert curve loading. The multifrequency characteristics of the SCRLH transmission line structure are evaluated theoretically, and the antenna parameters promoting bandwidth broadening under zeroth-order resonance (ZOR) and first-order resonance (FOR) mode operation are evaluated. The bandwidth broadening in the ZOR and FOR modes is accordingly revealed to be independent of the antenna length, and the structure therefore facilitates wideband operation under miniaturization. Finally, the dual-frequency ZOR and FOR mode antenna design with center frequencies of f0 = 1.865 GHz and f1 = 2.835 GHz is validated via simulation, and the performance of a compact prototype antenna is evaluated experimentally. The −10 dB return loss bandwidths at f0 and f1 are 187 MHz (from 1.773 GHz to 1.96 GHz) and 368 MHz (from 3.002 GHz to 3.37 GHz), and the corresponding relative bandwidths are 10.1% and 11.5%, respectively. The experimentally measured peak gains and radiation efficiencies at f0 are 1.54 dB and 81.3%, respectively, and those at f1 are 1.71 dB and 74.2%, respectively.
Concentrations of Metals in Tissues of Cockle Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) from East Java Coast, Indonesia, and Potential Risks to Human Health

This study reports the presence of Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, Cu, and Cr in the cockles (Anadara granosa, Linnaeus, 1758) harvested along the East Java Coast, Indonesia. The concentrations of metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer and expressed in mg kg−1 wet weight. The concentrations of metals ranged from 0.11 to 0.82 mg kg−1 for Cd, 0.10 to 0.54 mg kg−1 for Pb, 10.22 to 19.04 mg kg−1 for Zn, 0.02 to 1.47 mg kg−1 for Hg, 1.79 to 4.76 mg kg−1 for Cu, and 1.64 to 3.79 mg kg−1 for Cr. The metal concentrations in the whole tissues of cockles were in the order Zn>Cu>Cr>Hg>Cd>Pb. The Cd and Pb levels in cockles were found to be higher than the permissible limit for human consumption according to EC and FAO; the levels of Hg exceeded the EC, Hong Kong, Australia, and Indonesia standards; and the levels of Cr exceeded the Hong Kong standard. The estimated weekly intake (EWI) of cockles indicates that the concentrations of Cd and Hg in the cockle tissues from Gresik were higher than the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI); meanwhile, the concentrations of Cr of cockles from all locations were higher than and close to the PTWI. The THQ values for Cd at Gresik, for Hg at Gresik, Surabaya, and Pasuruan, and for Cr at all locations were higher than one indicating that these metals pose potential noncarcinogenic effects to consumers. Reducing the consumption of cockles should be done in order to minimize the adverse effects of metals especially Cd, Hg, and Cr to human health.
Three-dimensional Sound Field Computation and Optimization of the Delamination Detection based on the Re-Radiation

Air-coupled ultrasound (ACU) is increasingly being used for non-destructive material testing, for instance, to assess cracks, delamination or mechanical properties. The advantage of this method is that no coupling medium has to be used between transducers and probe, which provides high reproducibility and allows for continuous scanning. However, for testing in production, a minimum distance must be often kept between the material and the receiver to avoid sample contamination or transducer damage. As a consequence, the pressure fields diffract around the defects and the ACU images become blurred and show lower defect sensitivity with increasing separation between probe and transducer. Therefore, the minimum detectable delamination size is severely limited. It is of great interest to develop methods that compensate for these phenomena. In this paper a re-radiation method is applied to improve the quality of ACU NDT images. The method combines the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral and timereversal mirrors to determine three-dimensional sound field characteristics with a low measurement effort. The input data is the ACU pressure distribution measured in only one plane arbitrarily separated from the sample. By means of the re-radiation algorithm, it is possible to quantitatively reconstruct the pressure field directly on the probe surface, which compensates for undesired diffraction phenomena and significantly improves lateral resolution and sensitivity. We tested the method on a 22 mm thick medium density fibreboard (MDF) and a distance of 160 mm between the sample an the receiver. This improves the detectable delamination size from 25 mm to under 5 mm and the sensitivity for a 38 mm delamination from -11 dB to -20 dB.
Modulation of NOX4 and MAPK Signaling Pathways by Parkia speciosa Empty Pods in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes Exposed to H2O2

Parkia speciosa, a plant that grows abundantly in Southeast Asia region, has been reported to exhibit antioxidant property. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of antioxidant effects of empty pod extract of Parkia speciosa on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. There were 4 groups of cardiomyocytes, the negative control, hydrogen peroxide, extract of Parkia speciosa+hydrogen peroxide and quercetin+hydrogen peroxide. Cardiomyocytes of groups 3 and 4 were preincubated for 1 h with 500 µg/ml of the ethyl acetate fraction of the Parkia speciosa extract or 1000 µM quercetin prior to exposure to 500 μM hydrogen peroxide for 1 h. Hydrogen peroxide significantly increased the protein expression of NADPH oxidase 4, superoxide dismutase 1 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, in comparison to the negative control. NADPH oxidase 4 and superoxide dismutase 1 activities as well as reactive oxygen species level were also elevated. These elevations were significantly decreased in the pretreated groups. The Parkia speciosa extract group had comparable effects to that of quercetin. Parkia speciosa extract showed antioxidant property against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase and NADPH oxidase 4 signaling pathways.
Decentralized Key Management Scheme Using Alternating Multilinear Forms for Cloud Data Sharing with Dynamic Multiprivileged Groups

Received: 29 August 2018 Accepted: 25 October 2019 Cloud Computing is a service oriented computing technology, is allows a group of people to work together and access data resources. Multi privileged Group key management has becoming a big challenging issue in the field of cloud data sharing. We have different group key management protocols which are distributed and centralized. But these protocols have drawbacks of single point of failure and bottleneck performance. Decentralized key management schemes proposed as trade-off between them. This paper proposes a Decentralized key management scheme using alternating multi linear forms for cloud data sharing with dynamic multi privileged groups. This method is to divide large group into many subgroups, each sub group has a group manager. Group manager manages the group, and keys are first distributed to the GM (Group Manger) and then GM can distribute to users in respective groups. The related session keys ought to be updates, if any cloud user needs to join/leave the group and change their privileges. But user joining/leaving the group as often as possible, users will change their entrance benefits called switching between various SGs. The proposed method needs just a single round of transaction for each leaving/Switching activity. This method also supports the dynamic formation and decomposition of Cloud service Groups. The analysis of proposed method is secure and has Reduces the Computational cost compared to existing scheme.
A Computational Study on the Effects of Molecular Structures of Di-n-butyldithiophosphate and of its Derivatives on the Stability of Their Complex Compounds with Rare-Earth Elements

The stability of complex compounds formed from the ligand di- n -butyldithiophosphate (DBDTP) and its derivatives, with ions of rare-earth elements (REEs), such as gadolinium ion (Gd 3+ ), is an important factor in the separation and purification processes of the elements using solvent extraction method. The complex stability is dependent, one of which, on the partial charge of the donor atom (S atom in this case) in the molecule of DBDTP or its derivatives. The more negative the partial charge of the donor atom, the more stable is the complex compound formed. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of electron donating, and of electron withdrawing groups, as well as the effect of the structure of the butyl group in the molecules of DBDTP and or its derivatives on the partial charge of the donor atom. The method used was the semi empirical quantum mechanical calculations, i.e. the Austin Model 1 (AM1). The results of the study showed that the electron withdrawing group of -CN had resulted in the most positive charge on the donor atom, if it is on the second carbon atom of the butyl group in the DBDTP and or its derivatives. Conversely, in the same carbon atom position, the donating electron group of -CH=CH 2 had generated the most negative partial charge on the donor atom. Furthermore, the results of this study also revealed that the sec -butyl isomer produced the most negative partial charge on the donor atom, among other isomers.
Modern Standard Arabic Grammar Automatic Extraction from Penn 1 Arabic Treebank Using Natural Language Toolkit

This paper presents a methodology for rule based bottom up parsing technique forModern Standard Arabic (MSA) inContext Free Grammar (CFG) formalism in Phrase Structure Grammar (PSG) representation, where the grammar isautomatically extracted from a syntactically annotated corpus.The extracted grammar is used to build an automatic lexicon andgrammar rules module. Furthermore, the extracted CFG is further transformed into Probabilistic Context Free Grammar (PCFG)that could be used in a hybrid approach, which is also calculated automatically. The used corpus is the Penn ArabicTreebank(PATB)and algorithm implementation is performed with Natural Language Processing Toolkit (NLTK). The parsershowed that automatic extraction of grammar improved the grammar building phase in both coverage of structures and timeneeded, but still needs further manual constrains addition. Automatic extraction of grammar is able to enhance rule basedgrammar parsers and it will enable a new paradigm of statistically directed symbolic parsing.
Inhibition of NF-kB Pathway by Gggulsterone in the Protective Effects of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Renal Toxicity

Cyclophosphamide which acts as cytotoxic alkylating agent can induce a renal damage through the toxic metabolites which result from metabolic activation of Cyclophosphamide by cytochrome P-450 inside hepatocyte and develop renal toxicity by direct binding with cellular organelles in the urinary tract cells. Guggulsterone is a sterol derived from plant has ability to bind to farsenoid X receptor, mineral corticosteroid receptor, androgen receptor, glucocorticoid receptor and estrogen receptor.
Proposal of a Decision Support System for Planning Bicycle Path Networks - An Approach Based on Graph Theory

Bicycle paths are increasingly becoming part of road infrastructure of cities. However, the expansion of bicycle paths network demands planning to prioritize investment in order to attend the population needs properly. The connectivity between bicycle paths is considered the most important issue pointed out by cyclists. In this work, it is assumed that the problem of planning bicycle path networks can be solved by using graph theory. Therefore, this work proposes a decision support to help planning bicycle path network, prioritizing the connectivity between the existing bicycle paths by using concepts of clustering, centrality and shortest path. In experiments performed in Joinville – Brazil, it could be seen that the proposed method can help specialists by promoting discussions about the bicycle path network connectivity. Also, it was observed that the usage of graph database increased considerably the solution performance.
Sufficiently engaged? How smart metering systems help local authorities become smart cities

A significant cultural shift occurred recently with the majority of the world’s population now living in cities and contributing over two thirds of global carbon emissions (UNEP, 2015). If countries like the UK are to meet their challenging carbon reduction targets, 80% by 2050 for the UK, then how our cities are governed and managed to maximise energy efficiency is of vital importance. Faith is increasingly being placed in what are commonly referred to as ‘smart cities’ to meet these targets. Most visions of these smart cities though revolve around increased ICT efficiency through what has become known as the ‘digital economy. ’ Smart meters are an example of this and offer clear potential for automated meter readings and innovative displays to help energy managers as well as facilitate better engagement of building users. Evidence is limited on the impact and challenges of ICT tools that genuinely attempt to engage building users across all levels of the organisation. This paper contributes to that evidence base by presenting findings from the H2020 EU-funded project EDI-Net (Energy Data Innovation Network). The project has designed three energy focused ICT tools with specific functionalities: 1) to track energy performance and communicate this performance in a user-friendly way (energy data dashboard and league tables), 2) to facilitate communication between stakeholders (online discussion forum), and 3) to manage intervention plans for energy efficiency (energy efficiency benchmarking tool). Do these tools come anywhere near fulfilling the potential of smart cities? The paper presents results of feedback from interviews with selected building users about the individual, social and institutional changes prompted by the EDI-Net ICT services in the three participating public authorities during the operation of EDI-Net: Leicester, Catalonia and Nuremberg.