Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2D numerical modeling for plasma-assisted CO2 pooling in supersonic nozzles: importance of a proper nozzle contour design

Plasma assisted CO2 dissociation has recently been the topic of many studies. The production of chemical fuels from environmentally unfriendly CO2 through supersonic nozzles is one of the most prominent approaches under investigation. However, the experiments show that the theoretical conversion rates are far away from being achieved. In this study, two-dimensional fully coupled cases are investigated. This brings insights about how the CO2 dissociation can be improved; mainly by a correct design of nozzles. The proper shape of a nozzle is a fundamental aspect to be taken into account numerically and in experiments to avoid undesirable phenomena such as the occurrence of shocks. The proper design of the nozzle shape leads to a shock-free flow being uniform at the nozzle outlet. A high degree of cooling can be achieved in a shock-free nozzle. Moreover it is shown that there is no optimal value for Mach number provided that the nozzles are sized properly. If the sizing is done correctly, it is found that higher Mach numbers lead to higher degree of non-equilibrium and thereby to higher dissociation rate. The sizing of the nozzle to maximize the departure from equilibrium in the nozzle is the final key of an efficient CO2 dissociation. Finally, the results are compared with those of a semi-analytical method to conclude that if the nozzle is conceived in a proper way, simpler approaches can also give satisfactory results.
Analysis of ytterbium-doped gain guided and index antiguided fiber amplifier

Gain guided and index antiguided fiber, having a negative refractive index step from the cladding to the core combined with an adequate gain effect, can deliver robust single mode operation with a large mode area. In this paper, we introduce this new concept of gain guided and index antiguided fiber into fiber amplifier, and evaluate the gain characteristics by solving propagation rate equations on the Yb3+ doped fiber, where the core has a radius of 50um, refractive index n0 = 1.58, and the index step Δn = -0.0045, concentration of ions 2.43×1026m-3, at the signal (975nm) and the pump (910nm) wavelength and a initial signal power 1μW. According to the function of gain versus fiber length, being obtained from the numerical computation, we can confirm that a properly designed gain guided and index antiguided fiber can provide highly efficient optical amplification with a short length, and revise the set of transcendental equations at optimal total gain effect and optimal fiber length on the case of gain guided and index antiguided fibers.
Large-scale emulation of spatio-temporal variation in temperature under climate change

Future temperature variations under greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenarios are critical to assess possible impacts on human society and make reasonable mitigation policies. Due to the huge running cost, Earth system models (ESMs) may be difficult to flexibly provide the temperature projections following some specific emission pathways for empirical analysis. This study develops the mean and variability filed emulators in the high-resolution land grids to approximate the temperature behavior conditioned on GHG emissions in ESM. The emulator of mean temperature response is modeled as a function of GHG emissions to represent the expected values for ESM output, and the associated high-dimensional spatial dependence across grid points is estimated by the nearest-neighbor Gaussian process. The variability emulator is constructed with the residuals between the mean temperature response and the ESM output, and the associated space-time correlation structure is decomposed by principal component analysis and discrete Fourier transform. The analysis shows that the emulators trained with the runs of ESM only from part of representative concentration pathways can efficiently reproduce the temperature variations under different emission scenarios. The emulated gridded temperatures would be easily taken for climate impact and risk assessment, and be incorporated in the integrated assessment model for climate policy analysis.
Prediction of the planet yield of the MaxProtoPlanetS high-contrast survey for H-alpha protoplanets with MagAO-X based on first light contrasts

Our past GAPplanetS survey over the last 5 years with the MagAO visible AO system discovered the first examples of accreting protoplanets (by direct observation of H-alpha emission). Examples include LkCa15 b (Sallum et al. 2015) and PDS70 b (Wagner et al. 2018). In this paper we review the science performance of the newly (Dec. 2019) commissioned MagAO-X extreme AO system. In particular, we use the vAPP coronagraphic contrasts measured during MagAO-X first light. We use the Massive Accreting Gap (MAG) protoplanet model of Close 2020 to predict the H-alpha contrasts of 19 of the best transitional disk systems (ages 1-5 Myr) for the direct detection of H-alpha from accretion of hydrogen onto these protoplanets. The MAG protoplanet model applied to the observed first light MagAO-X contrasts predict a maximum yield of 46±7 planets from 19 stars (42 of these planets would be new discoveries). This suggests that there is a large, yet, unexplored reservoir of protoplanets that can be discovered with an extreme AO coronagraphic survey of 19 of the best transitional disk systems. Based on our first light contrasts we predict a healthy yield of protoplanets from our MaxProtoPlanetS survey of 19 transitional disks with MagAO-X.
Thermodynamic Properties of Monatomic, Diatomic, and Polyatomic Gaseous Natural Refrigerants: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Owing to their lower adverse environmental impacts, natural refrigerants have recently attracted a huge deal of attention. In this regard, the present study is aimed to evaluate the thermodynamic properties of different gaseous natural refrigerants at the molecular level using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In this context, the density (as a representative of structural features), enthalpy, and specific heat capacity (as representatives of energy properties) of several natural gaseous refrigerants including helium, nitrogen, methane, and ethane were assessed. Lennard-Jones potential was used for simulation of helium and nitrogen while AIREBO potential and OPLS-AA force-fields were employed for simulation of methane and ethane as polyatomic hydrocarbon refrigerants. Simulations are carried out at various temperatures above the boiling point and pressures of 1, 2, and 5 bar. MD results were in good agreement with the experimental data. Among the applied potentials, AIREBO potential offered results closer to the experimental data as compared with OPLS-AA force-field. The methane-ethane mixture was also addressed at different pressures and compared with the Peng-Robinson equation of state. The results of this study indicated that molecular dynamics can be employed as a reliable tool for predicting the thermodynamic properties of natural refrigerants. The results can be used in the refrigeration cycles.
First on-sky results with an interferometric discrete beam combiner (DBC) at the William Herschel Telescope

In long-baseline interferometry, over the last few decades integrated optics beam combiners have become at- tractive technological solutions for new-generation instruments operating at infrared wavelengths. We have investigated different architectures of discrete beam combiners (DBC), which are 2D lattice arrangement of channel waveguides that can be fabricated by exploiting the 3D capability of the ultrafast laser inscription (ULI) fabrication techniques. Here, we present the first interferometric on-sky results of an integrated optics beam combiner based on a coherent pupil remapper and 4 input/23 output zig-zag based DBC, both written monolith- ically in a single borosilicate glass. We show the preliminary results of visibility amplitudes and closure phases obtained from the Vega star by using the previously calibrated transfer matrix of the device.
The effect of electric fields on blue phases

Abstract An experimental review on electric field effects in blue phases is presented. Electric fields have a profound effect on these phases which appear in chiral liquid crystals. In addition to producing elec-trostrictive effects on blue phase lattices, they also cause new field induced phases—tetragonal BPX, hexagonal BPH3D and BPH2D, and possible other phases yet to be identified. In recent experiments on BPIII for materials with negative dielectric anisotropy, it was found that electric fields cause a dramatic increase in the otherwise weak BPIII selective reflection. These experimental results were discussed with respect to possible models for the unknown structure of BPIII. Recently, efforts were also made to investigate the dynamics of different electrooptic effects more precisely.
Computer aid molecular design based on meta‐heuristics techniques

One of the challenges in modern chemistry is the problem of designing new molecules with desired properties. The traditional approach to this problem are usually expensive and time-consuming iterative process with the scientist or engineer hypothesizing a compound, synthesizing the material, testing for desired properties, and redesigning the candidate if the desired properties are not met. In the last years, a lot of scientists have reached to the conclusion that the artificial intelligence methods can improve/facilitate the design of new macromolecules with desired properties. One of the challenges in computer aid macromolecular design is to avoid local minima. Our paper present the use of meta-heuristics techniques that can solve this problem. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
LC-ESI-MS/MS-MRM Profiling of Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Junipers of Different Origin

This study was aimed at identifying new efficient antioxidant juniper species and their metabolites, which are responsible for this activity. About 30 juniper representatives were assayed for antioxidant activity (DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging) and total polyphenol content (TPC). The most active species were identified, and their most abundant polyphenols were quantified by the LC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS-multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method. In the group of studied species, J. ashei (mountain cedar) leaf extract was outlined as the best antioxidant with the highest TPC. Catechin was revealed as the most abundant polyphenol in the J. ashei extract, contributing to its superior antioxidant properties. An in-depth analysis of antioxidant capacity was also performed. The higher metal-chelating activity was observed in the case of J. sibirica (0.83 mg DE/mL), whereas the lowest was observed for J. communis (3.2 mg dry extract (DE)/mL) extracts. All efficient antioxidant extracts were also able to inhibit lipoxygenase. EC50 values ranged from 1.77 to 2.44 mg DE/mL. The most effective inhibitors were J. ashei and J. formozana extracts, which acted as uncompetitive lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors. The presented results have potential application in the pharmacy and cosmetics for the generation of antioxidant compositions based on naturally derived lead compounds for the prevention of oxidative-stress associated organ-degenerative diseases, cancer, or other free radical-induced disorders.
Depletion Capacitance and Diffusion Potential of Gallium Phosphide Schottky‐Barrier Diodes

The diffusion potential VBO and the intercept V0 of the 1/C2 vs bias plots for n‐type GaP‐metal Schottky‐Barrier diodes have been measured. Photoresponse measurements indicate that VBO is not sensitive to the thickness δ of the interfacial separation between the GaP and the metal; V0 is observed to increase rapidly with δ. The 1/C2 plots are linear in all cases, with slopes independent of V0. The values for the donor density ND, calculated in the usual way from slopes of the 1/C2 plots, seem to agree within experimental error with ND calculated from the resistivity of the GaP.Several models are proposed for the metal‐interfacial‐layer‐semiconductor system in order to explain this behavior. The GaP‐metal diodes are shown to be best characterized by a model which includes a bias‐dependent charge in surface states at the semiconductor surface.
CPT1B, a metabolic molecule, is also an independent risk factor in CN-AML.

BACKGROUND Fatty acid oxidation has been considered as an important energy source for tumorigenesis and development. Several studies have investigated the role of CPT1A, a kind of fatty acid oxidation rate-limiting enzyme, in AML. However, prognostic value and regulatory network of another subtype, CPT1B in AML remains elusive. This study aims to clarify the independent prognostic role of CPT1B in CN-AML based on clinical data and molecular level data (mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of CPT1B in AML patients. METHODS First, we analyzed the CPT1B expression in AML cohort via the online database "GEPIA". Subsequently, miRNA-mRNA and ceRNA networks were constructed to help predict the role of CPT1B in AML. Several molecules which showed the prognostic value and metabolic function of CPT1B were identified. Finally, the expression of CPT1B in our own cohort of 324 CN-AML patients was analyzed to clarify the results. RESULTS It was found that CPT1B was markedly higher in AML patients compared to normal people and this upregulation was associated with the poor clinical outcome. Several molecules revealed the possible regulatory mechanism of CPT1B in AML. CONCLUSION CPT1B is a potential prognostic factor and a therapeutic target for AML treatment.
Challenges in Incorporating Electric Vehicles to Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions

An indisputable fact about our planet is that its atmospheric temperature has risen dramatically during the past century. Combustion of fossil fuels and their subsequent greenhouse gas emissions are thought to be the main contributors to recent changes within the Earth’s ecosystem. The transportation sector and electricity generating power plants are each responsible for approximately one-third of these emissions. Shifting towards a cleaner and renewable resources to generate electricity is believed to omit a big portion of polluting substances. Improvements in vehicles’ fuel efficiency and the introduction of alternative fuels besides strategic plans to control travel demand are among the most promising approaches to alleviate emissions from the transportation sector. Recent technology advancements, however, drew much attention to the production and manufacturing of alternative fuel vehicles, electric vehicles in particular. Since these vehicles use electricity as part of or all their powertrain, assessing the amount of emissions they produce is closely tied to the cleanliness of the electricity source. and cycle assessment deals how a electricity influence the life cycle emissions. terminologies literature review on different life cycle to study the environmental impacts of Compatibility issues around
Implementasi Analisa Semantik Pada Webdriver Untuk Otomatisasi Scraping Profil Pengguna Facebook

Penelitian ini membahas tentang implementasi Analisa semantik pada webdriver untuk mendapatkan data profil pengguna facebook secara otomatis. Pada era digital ini, data adalah sesuatu yang sangat berharga. Hal ini dikarenakan data dapat di olah menjadi pengetahuan baru yang bisa digunakan dalam semua lini kehidupan seperti pendidikan, ekonomi, bisnis dan lain-lain. Facebook adalah salah satu tempat penyimpanan data dalam jumlah besar. Hanya saja tidak mudah mendapatkan data dari Facebook. Dibutuhkan sebuah teknik yang bisa digunakan oleh sebuah bot untuk bisa menjelajah halaman Facebook, mengambil data profil pengguna dan mengelompokkannya berdasarkan kategori profil. Teknik tersebut adalah membuat bot dari Webdriver dengan mengimplementasikan analisa semantik. Tahapan proses dalam penelitian ini adalah : Memahami struktur HTML pada halaman Facebook untuk mengetahui pola data profil pada Facebook. Kemudian Bot akan dikembangkan agar bisa membuka halaman profil pengguna, mengambil data profil dan kemudian menganalisanya berdasarkan pola pada struktur HTML halaman Facebook. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba pada internet dengan kecepatan 20Mbps, bot ini dapat mendapatkan 100 data profil penguna Facebook dalam waktu ± 20 menit.
Self-controlled pre-breakdown discharges in planar symmetry

In measurements on Teflon FEP films charged in /spl les/50 /spl mu/m air gaps by microsecond impulse voltages, a uniform charge deposition on the films was observed. A regular increase of the film surface potential from a threshold value of the peak impulse voltage was found. However, for 300 /spl mu/m air gap it was observed that abrupt charging occurs at a lower threshold voltage, indicating breakdown, and the charge deposition on the film becomes nonuniform. The behavior in air gaps <50 /spl mu/m is explained here using Townsend's theory of pre-discharges. It is shown how and why the interposed insulating film acts to make the system self-controlled, thus avoiding breakdown in the air gap, despite the large values of the applied peak impulse voltage.
Symbolic dynamics for non-uniformly hyperbolic systems

Abstract This survey describes the recent advances in the construction of Markov partitions for non-uniformly hyperbolic systems. One important feature of this development comes from a finer theory of non-uniformly hyperbolic systems, which we also describe. The Markov partition defines a symbolic extension that is finite-to-one and onto a non-uniformly hyperbolic locus, and this provides dynamical and statistical consequences such as estimates on the number of closed orbits and properties of equilibrium measures. The class of systems includes diffeomorphisms, flows, and maps with singularities.
Working hours and life satisfaction: finding blind spots from Korean panel data

ABSTRACT This study empirically tested the premise of working-hour reduction policies, which is that ‘if working hours are reduced, the life satisfaction of employees will increase,’ and whether the effects of working hours on life satisfaction would differ according to employees’ socioeconomic status, using longitudinal data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study for the period 2009–2017. We found that when working hours were reduced, work and leisure satisfaction increased significantly, but there was no significant increase in family or overall life satisfaction. In addition, when working hours decreased, the overall life, work, and leisure satisfaction of employees with higher socioeconomic status showed a significantly sharper increase than that of workers with lower socioeconomic status. These results imply that, in addition to current working-hour policies, additional efforts should be concentrated on employees who are not enjoying the policies’ benefits sufficiently due to lack of resources other than time.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Nanotubes Doped with Amino Acetic Acid

Doped polyaniline (PANI) nanostructure has been prepared at room temperature using amino acetic acid (AA) as dopant and ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant by a self-assembly method. The structure and property of polyaniline nanostructure were characterized by SEM, TEM，IR and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and applying the 4 probes method. The results showed the production was PANI. The effect of molar ratio of AA to An affected the morphology of the product and room template conductivity of the products were studied.
A Hybrid Design Technique to Improve the Structure and Performance of Microstrip Components

A hybrid approach to improving the structures of microstrip devices is presented in this study. The proposed technique includes a combination of simple series inductor (L) and capacitor (C) circuits with microstrip-based structures and transmission lines. In this method, the LC circuits are replaced with those parts of the microstrip components that need to act like a bandpass filter. Not only does this simple modification lead to a 100% size reduction, an infinite number of harmonics suppression and high frequency selectivity theoretically, but it will also result in a noticeable performance practically compared to the conventional arrangements of microstrip lines. To show the capability of the proposed method, two quarter-wavelength branches of a Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) have been rectified and implemented using the LC circuit, which is called LC branches in this paper. Extreme size reduction and harmonic suppression in this implementation of the Filtering Power Divider (FPD) can be considered two important outcomes of this design technique. Furthermore, by tuning the LC circuit, the arbitrary numbers of unwanted harmonics can be blocked, and the operating frequency, the stopband bandwidth and the operating bandwidth could be opted optionally. The experimental result has verified the theoretical and simulated results of the proposed technique. The results clearly demonstrate the considerable potential of this technique to improve the design process of the microstrip devices with desirable specifications.
Facile Synthesis of Anisotropic Au Nanostructures by Laser Irradiation and Study of Their Optical and Electrokinetic Properties

This work describes a cost-effective single step technique for the preparation of Au nanostructures of many anisotropic shapes from Au nanorods by irradiating them with different laser energies (2.71, 2.54, and 2.41 eV). A variety of many irregular Au nanomorphologies such as multifaceted polygonal spheres (10–20 nm), low aspect ratio rods, oval egg shapes, squares, pentagons, and nanocapsules of varying sizes were formed after laser exposure. The small irregular shaped particles with new surface exposed atoms having cutting edges and sharp corners affect the optical, electrokinetic, and catalytic properties of fragmented Au nanoparticles. The percentage decomposition of Au nanorods is found to increase as 59% > 69% > 72% with increased energy of laser exposure; 2.41 eV (514.7 nm) > 2.50 eV (488 nm) > 2.71 eV (457.9 nm), as determined from the TEM images. The formation of quantum sized paticles upon laser irradiation results in the increase of zeta potential from +50.0 to +57.5 mV and conductance values. The co-catalytic activity of photofragmented Au nanorods is ∼20–25% higher than that of bare nanorods for benzaldehyde photooxidation.
Study of CO2 Diffusion and Adsorption on Calcined Layered Double Hydroxides: The Effect of Particle Size

This paper describes a study of CO2 diffusion and adsorption in layered double-hydroxide (LDH) adsorbents using a gravimetric method. Four different particle size fractions, namely, 53−75, 75−90, 90−180, and 180−300 μm, were used in the study. The LDH materials were calcined in situ prior to the experiments, which resulted in significantly higher CO2 adsorption capacities than previously reported. The CO2 adsorption was shown to follow a Sips-type isotherm, while the adsorption capacity at saturation was found to be independent of the particle size. Two models, the homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) and the bidisperse pore model (BPM), were used to fit the experimental data and to estimate the diffusivities. The main assumption made in the BPM is that the adsorbent particle is an agglomerate of a number of equal-sized, single-crystal microparticles, and before a CO2 molecule is adsorbed in the microparticles, it has to diffuse through the intercrystalline porous region. Both models perform well in.