Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of electromagnetic parameters through inversion using metaheuristic technique

Inverse problems are of importance in many fields of science and engineering. Electromagnetic inversion deals with estimating information contained in electromagnetic measurements. The inversion scheme needs to be designed properly to compensate for Gibbs oscillations effects in the solution, and hence give better validation for the estimated quantities. In this paper an inversion methodology based on simulated annealing is presented that has the ability to extract information about electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity of a vertically stratified medium using the scattered electric field. Furthermore, Gibbs phenomenon and its oscillation effect on the inversion solution have been studied, and an efficient approach has been developed to render more accurate estimations. Results of implementing the proposed approach and its resolution compared with the original methodology are presented.
Do Companies on the Leading Edge of IT Innovation have a Higher Risk of Material Weakness in Internal Controls

This research investigates the linkage between IT innovative and non-IT innovative firms with regards to material weaknesses in internal controls. It was based on a call for additional research by Whitworth et al. 2015’s paper “The Effects Of Information Technology Innovativeness On Audit Efficiencies” which desired a further investigation on the relationship between IT innovation and the accounting process. Overall, 100 firms in various SIC classifications were investigated and there was no significant evidence suggesting a difference between innovative and non-innovative with respect to material weaknesses in internal controls. This leads us to believe there is no inherent risk to being innovative in IT, at least regarding material weaknesses in internal controls. After further review, the types of material weaknesses and accounting rule application failures were categorized and compared. There was not enough data to compare statistically, but the data allows for a beneficial reference for any companies who are interested in becoming IT innovative.
The time course of speech production revisited: no early orthographic effect, even in Mandarin Chinese

ABSTRACT Most psycholinguistic models of speech production agree on an earlier semantic processing stage and a later word-form encoding stage. Using a logographic language, Mandarin Chinese, Zhang and Weekes [2009. Orthographic facilitation effects on spoken word production: Evidence from Chinese. Language and Cognitive Processes, 24(7–8), 1082–1096. https://doi.org/10.1080/01690960802042133] reported an early effect of orthography in a picture-word-interference study and suggested orthography affects speech production via a lexical-semantic pathway at an early stage. This early orthographic effect without co-occurrence of phonological effect, however, was not replicated [Zhao, La Heij, & Schiller, 2012. Orthographic and phonological facilitation in speech production: New evidence from picture naming in Chinese. Acta Psychologica, 139(2), 272–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy. 2011.12. 001]. The present study aimed to dissociate further the semantic and phonological representations from orthography by using simplex Chinese characters. The results of Experiment 1 and 2 revealed an orthographic effect but only at a similar point in time as the phonological effect, both of which followed the semantic effect. Our results thus raise further doubts about the role of orthography at the conceptual level of speech planning and lend new evidence to a two-step model of speech production.
Eight‐switch CHB‐based three‐level three‐phase shunt active power filter

This study presents a reduced switch three-phase three-level H-Bridge-based shunt active power filter (SAPF) for the mitigation of current harmonics, the reduction of current unbalance and the injection of reactive power. This recommended SAPF is developed by using two H-bridge and two DC-link capacitors. Compared to the conventional three-level H Bridge-based SAPF, the eight-switch cascaded H bridge (ES-CHB)-based topology saves four semiconductor switches and one DC-link capacitor. The ES-CHB-based SAPF saves the power electronic components and reduces voltage stress across each switch by introducing a small AC capacitor in series with coupling inductor in each phase. This LC circuit also reduces the harmonic stress of SAPF by tuning at the sixth order of current harmonics. The only drawback of the suggested SAPF is the DC link voltage unbalances. To address this problem, a modified feedback control strategy is proposed in this study. The modified controller regulates the DC link voltage at the desired voltage and mitigates the DC link voltage unbalances, by using reactive power flow control and active power flow control, respectively. The performance of the suggested eight-switch three-level CHB-based SAPF is evaluated through MATLAB simulation and experimentally verified through the hardware implementation.
Design and Simulation of a‐Si:H/PbS Colloidal Quantum Dots Monolithic Tandem Solar Cell for 12% Efficiency

Tandem solar cells (TSC) is the most promising photovoltaic technology, as it efficiently overcomes the thermalization and nonabsorption losses. In this context, thin‐film/colloidal quantum dot (CQD)‐based 2‐terminal monolithic TSCs are designed using a‐Si:H of wide bandgap (1.7 eV) as the top cell and PbS CQD of narrow bandgap (1.2 eV) as the bottom cell. Initially, top and bottom subcells are designed and calibrated to have state‐of‐the‐art power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 6.86% and 9.38%, respectively. Afterward, the thicknesses of the inverted bottom cell are optimized as 200 nm so as to obtain 8.34% efficiency. The standalone condition reflects current density (JSC)/open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 9.97 mA cm−2 and 0.91 V in the top cell and 21.28 mA cm−2/0.63 V in the bottom cell. Further, both subcells are evaluated for tandem configuration with ITO‐based interlayer to provide the current matching conditions. In the proposed tandem design, the thickness of the absorber layers is optimized to achieve the highest JSC, which is indeed limited by the top cell, due to a lower JSC value of 10.61 mA cm−2 in standalone conditions. Optimized tandem design with 200 nm/150 nm‐thick absorber layer‐based top/bottom subcell results in JSC of 10.52 mA cm−2, VOC of 1.59 V, FF of 71.65%, and PCE of 12.02%.
Customer churn predictive modeling by classification methods

The article describes methods of construction of predictive models for classifying customers based on their churn from the company for the example of a mobile operator. There are roles and tasks of customer analytics for understanding the business behavior of customers. The speciﬁcity of customer churn for companies associated with a subscription and transactional business model, involving regular customer payments is discussed, and the main reasons for churn are shown. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of forecasting methods based on classiﬁcation methods. Here we discuss the forecast models based on the decision tree method and the Bayesian network. The decision tree method is basing on the C5.0 algorithm. The Bayesian model is constructed for a Naive and Markov structure. Customer service has become a key factor in the customer churn in all three models. A comparative analysis of the models was conducted based on indicators AUC and Gini. The decision tree model showed the best results. Moreover, the decision tree model shows the reasons why the customer can leave the company and give information for an individual approach to each customer. SPSS Modeler was used as a tool for building models.
Peningkatan Akurasi pada Prediksi Kepribadian Mbti Pengguna Twitter Menggunakan Augmentasi Data

Kepribadian suatu individu perlu diketahui untuk membantu seseorang dalam mempertimbangkan beberapa hal, salah satunya perekrutan karier. Pada umumnya, kepribadian dapat diketahui melalui metode wawancara, observasi, maupun survei kuesioner. Akan tetapi, metode konvensional tersebut dinilai kurang praktis dari segi waktu dan materi karena dibutuhkan waktu yang lama dan biaya yang cukup besar untuk mengolah data. Selain itu, penggunaan metode konvensional juga dapat menimbulkan bias karena melibatkan orang ketiga dalam pengolahan data. Penelitian ini mencoba memberikan solusi dengan membangun model yang dapat melakukan prediksi terhadap kepribadian seseorang berdasarkan analisis data dan informasi dari media sosial Twitter. Data dan informasi tersebut akan diproses sehingga didapatkan prediksi kepribadian orang tersebut. Teori klasifikasi kepribadian yang digunakan adalah teori Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Penelitian ini juga mencoba menerapkan teknik augmentasi data untuk meningkatkan performa dari text mining task yang memiliki dataset sedikit. Hasil terbaik didapatkan dengan metode Random Forest menggunakan pembobotan Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) dan fitur yang tersedia pada Twitter. Penggunaan teknik augmentasi dapat meningkatkan akurasi hingga 30% dari akurasi awal sehingga hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknik augmentasi data dapat meningkatkan performa pada model prediksi kepribadian MBTI. Abstract The personality of an individual needs to be known to help people in considering things, one of them is career recruitment. In general, personality can be known through interviews, observations, and questionnaire surveys. However, the conventional method is judged to be impractical in terms of time and material because it takes a long time and has considerable costs to process data. After all, the use of conventional methods can also cause bias because it involves a third person in data processing. The research tries to provide a solution by building a system that can predict the personality of a person based on the analysis of data and information from social media Twitter. The data and information will be processed so that the personality prediction is obtained. The personality classification theory used is the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) theory. The research also tries to implement data augmentation techniques to improve the performance of text mining tasks that have a slight dataset. The best results are obtained by the Random Forest method using the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) weighted and the features available on Twitter. The use of augmentation techniques can increase accuracy by up to 30% from initial accuracy. So, the use of data augmentation techniques can be used to improve the performance of MBTI personality prediction models.
An Efficient Algorithm for Minimizing Multi Non-Smooth Component Functions

ABSTRACT Many problems in statistics and machine learning can be formulated as an optimization problem of a finite sum of nonsmooth convex functions. We propose an algorithm to minimize this type of objective functions based on the idea of alternating linearization. Our algorithm retains the simplicity of contemporary methods without any restrictive assumptions on the smoothness of the loss function. We apply our proposed method to solve two challenging problems: overlapping group lasso and convex regression with sharp partitions. Numerical experiments show that our method is superior to the state-of-the-art algorithms, many of which are based on the accelerated proximal gradient method. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Refractory suffering at the end of life and the assisted dying debate: An interview study with palliative care nurses and doctors

Background How often does refractory suffering, which is suffering due to symptoms that cannot be adequately controlled, occur at the end of life in modern palliative care? What are the causes of such refractory suffering? Should euthanasia be offered for refractory suffering at the end of life? We sought to shed light on these questions through interviews with palliative care specialists. Methods Semi-structured interviews with six nurses and six doctors working in palliative care in five Norwegian hospitals. Transcripts were analysed with systematic text condensation, a qualitative analysis framework. Results Informants find that refractory suffering is rare, and that with palliative sedation satisfactory symptom control can nearly always be achieved at the end of life. However, the process of reaching adequate symptom control can be protracted, and there can be significant suffering in the meantime. Both somatic, psychological, social and existential factors can contribute to refractory suffering and potentiate each other. However, informants also place significant weight on factors pertaining to the organization of palliative care services as contributing to insufficient symptom control. Conclusions If refractory suffering is indeed rare, then this arguably weakens a common prima facie argument for the legalization of assisted dying. However, the process of reaching adequate symptom control can be protracted and involve significant suffering. The experiences of palliative care clinicians constitute important empirical premises for the assisted dying debate. The study points to several areas in which palliative care can be improved.
Isothermal reduction behavior and kinetics of Russian high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets under gas atmospheres of CO–CO2–N2 and CO–N2 at 873 K–1173 K

ABSTRACT In this paper, detailed investigations on the reduction characteristics and kinetics mechanism of Russian high-chromium vanadium–titanium magnetite pellets under gas atmospheres of CO–CO2–N2 and CO–N2 at 873 K–1173 K were made, and comparisons of the atmospheres were researched. It was found that the reduction temperature and gas atmosphere have great effects on pellet reduction at this temperature range, and the reverse reduction appeared uniquely for some time after 2 h reduction in the CO2-bearing gas atmosphere. The reduction was further researched with crushing strength tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and SEM microscopic examination, and results showed that the cause of the change in crushing strength, the phase transformation patterns, and microstructures were consistent across both atmospheres. For the CO–CO2–N2 gas atmosphere, the controlling step was predominantly the interfacial chemical reaction with the reaction activation value of 38.01 kJ/mol at the initial stage. This gradually became mixed control of the interfacial chemical reaction and gas internal diffusion through the solid product layer, with the reduction proceeding with 23.55 kJ/mol before 120 min. However, the controlling step became irregular after 120 min. For the CO–N2 gas atmosphere, the rate controlling step was predominantly the interfacial chemical reaction with 31.41–38.27 kJ/mol at the initial stage, after which the rate controlling mechanism was the mixed control with 17.97–19.33 kJ/mol until 180 min mark.
Incorporation of Bioactive Glasses Containing Mg, Sr, and Zn in Electrospun PCL Fibers by Using Benign Solvents

Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and PCL/bioactive glass composite fiber mats were produced by electrospinning technique. To improve cell adhesion and proliferation (i) 45S5, (ii) a bioactive glass containing strontium and magnesium oxides, and (iii) a bioactive glass containing zinc oxide were separately added to the starting PCL solution before electrospinning. A good incorporation of bioactive glass particles in PCL electrospun mats was confirmed by SEM and FTIR analyses. Bioactivity was evaluated by immersion of PCL mats and PCL/bioactive glass electrospun fiber mats in simulated body fluid (SBF). Bone murine stromal cells (ST-2) were employed in WST-8 assay to assess cell viability, cell morphology, and proliferation. The results showed that the presence of bioactive glass particles in the fibers enhances cell adhesion and proliferation compared to neat PCL mats. Furthermore, PCL/bioactive glass electrospun mats showed higher wound-healing rate (measured as cell migration rate) in vitro compared to neat PCL electrospun mats. Therefore, the characteristics of the PCL matrix combined with biological properties of bioactive glasses make PCL/bioactive glass composite ideal candidate for biomedical application.
De‐anonymizing Ethereum blockchain smart contracts through code attribution

Blockchain users are identified by addresses (public keys), which cannot be easily linked back to them without out‐of‐network information. This provides pseudo‐anonymity, which is amplified when the user generates a new address for each transaction. Since all transaction history is visible to all users in public blockchains, finding affiliation between related addresses undermines pseudo‐anonymity. Such affiliation information can be used to discriminate against addresses linked with undesired activities or can lead to de‐anonymization if out‐of‐network information becomes available.
DIFFUSION IN REFRACTORY METALS

Abstract : Interdiffusion coefficients for the systems WRu, W-Ir, W-Rh, W-Pt, Cb-Cr and Mo-MoSi2 were calculated in the temperature range from 900 to 2100 C. Tables of interdiffusion coefficients for constituent compositions ranging from 99 to 1 at-% are presented. (Author)
Numerical Solution of European and American Option with Dividends using Finite Difference Methods

Numerical methods form an important part of the pricing of financial derivatives where there is no closed form analytical formula. Black-Scholes equation is a well known partial differential equation in financial mathematics. In this paper, we have studied the numerical solutions of the Black-Scholes equation for European options (Call and Put) as well as American options with dividends. We have used different approximate to discretize the partial differential equation in space and explicit (Forward Euler’s), fully implicit with projected Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) algorithm and Crank-Nicolson scheme for time stepping. We have implemented and tested the methods in MATLAB. Finally, some numerical results have been presented and the effects of dividend payments on option pricing have also been considered.
Dynamic Chain Analysis by Bipartite Network for Medicine Selection

The rapid development of society has brought about the uncertainty of social relations, and the structure of social networks is constantly changing. Chain forecast, as an effective method, plays an increasingly important role in walks of life in understanding the dynamic nature of the network and determining future relationships, combining the structural characteristics of the present status of the network to foresee the possible existence of future network nodes, this paper proposes a Chain forecast method for Disease treatment and a Chain forecast method based on bipartite networks (such as treatment correspondent diagrams). In order to verify the forecast effect of the method, we selected several Chain forecast algorithms for check. The results prove that our proposed method is better than other methods based on Chain forecast.
Effects of International Crude Oil Prices on Energy Consumption in China

This study aims to test the effects of changes in international crude oil prices on changes in crude oil and hydropower use from 1965 to 2016. We suggest a cointegration relationship between the consumption of coal, crude oil, and hydropower and the real crude oil price. The real price is weakly exogenous for the long-run relationship and has impacted energy consumption accordingly. The long-run crude oil price elasticity of oil use is 0.460. Our estimate suggests a positive oil price–oil use relationship in China, which is dramatically different from many previous studies but is consistent with a few past studies. The growth in external oil prices may lead to a long-run increase in hydropower use in China, with a long-run price elasticity of 0.242. The long-run crude oil price elasticity of coal use is −0.930. Hence, increased oil and hydropower use could make up the energy supply–demand gap left over by the decreased coal use. Strictly planned domestic fuel prices and rapidly growing family incomes should diminish the negative effect of external oil prices on domestic crude oil demand. In the long run, given a strictly managed energy price, the growth in external oil prices is not likely to noticeably restrain the domestic oil demand or lead to a dramatic increase in coal use. We suggest that the large-scale development and utilization of hydropower may be inappropriate. Coal utilization policies must be reviewed. The appropriate increase in clean coal consumption could reduce the consumption of crude oil and hydropower; meanwhile, carbon emissions will not increase.
Importance of Ability-Based Training for Law Enforcement Recruits

ABSTRACT A number of research studies have indicated a wide variation in the physical fitness of law enforcement recruits before academy training. This article provides a literature review regarding current training practices, and the associated limitations, specific to recruits during academy. Collectively, this information indicates the need for ability-based, individualized training for recruits during academy, which is not always the model adopted for a variety of reasons. Practical applications relative to this analysis, in addition to examples for aerobic/anaerobic conditioning and resistance training programs, are presented. These programs feature exercises that are modifiable depending on the fitness of recruits.
MODELAGEM LINEAR GENERALIZADA PARA DESCREVER A RELAÇÃO HIPSOMÉTRICA DE Eucalyptus Saligna Smith

Height measurement in forest stand is an onerous activity, that depends on the availability of financial resources, time, and qualified personnel, therefore, the possibility of predicting this variable has numerous advantages. In this sense, the present study aimed to compare and select hipsometric equations for Eucalyptus saligna Smith. using the Generalized Linear Models (GLM) approach to generate accurate height estimative for the specie. Four height models [h] were tested according to the diameter [d], with independent variables in form: linear [d], quadratic [d2], inverse [1/d] and logarithmic [ln(d)], and the response variable [h] through the Gamma distribution. Two link functions (L.F) were tested: identity [μ] and logarithmic [ln(μ)]. The Shapiro-Francia test proved the non-normality of the data, emphasizing the importance of using GLM, especially the Gamma distribution due to its greater flexibility to asymmetric data. The identity [μ] L.F was the most adequate, whose equation 3 with inverse [1/d] independent variable presented the best fit quality results, with determination coefficient [R2 = 0.367], root of the mean square error [RMSE = 1.64], Akaike information criterion [AIC = 115.9]. The validation of this equation, according to the chi-square test (χ), showed no significative differences between the observed and estimate data. Considering its greater flexibility, GLM is an important technique to be applied in height modeling in eucalyptus plantations with accurate estimates.