Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Jidong cognitive impairment cohort study: objectives, design, and baseline screening

The risk of dementia increases in patients with cognitive impairment. However, it is not clear what factors contribute to the onset of dementia in those with cognitive impairment. In this prospective cohort study, we will investigate the every-five-year incidence of cognitive impairment and prognostic factors for cognitive impairment. The Jidong cognitive impairment cohort was established from April 2012 to August 2015, during which we recruited 5854 healthy participants (55.1% male) older than 45 years (mean, 57 years). Participants received a health examination in the Staff Hospital, Jidong Oilfield Branch, China National Petroleum Corporation. Baseline data and blood samples were collected. Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination, and was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination score of less than 24. Dementia was assessed using the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth edition), the International Working Group criteria, and the Mini-Mental State Examination score. The follow-up will continue until December 2024, during which a prognostic model will be constructed. The primary outcome is the presence/absence of dementia and the secondary outcome is quality of life. Baseline screening results showed the following: (1) Cognitive impairment was apparent in 320 participants (5.5%). These participants will be excluded from the Jidong cohort study, and the remaining participants will be followed up. (2) Of the 320 participants with cognitive impairment, there was a significantly higher prevalence of illiteracy than other education levels (35.9%, P < 0.05). Age, arterial hypertension, alcohol consumption, and passive smoking differed significantly between the cognitive impairment and healthy groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression models showed that age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.059, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.044–1.074) and arterial hypertension (OR = 1.665, 95% CI: 1.143–2.427) were risk factors for mild cognitive impairment. With the increase of educational level (illiteracy, primary school, junior high school, high school, university, and above), cognitive impairment gradually decreased (OR < 1, P < 0.05). (3) This cohort study has initially screened for several risk factors for cognitive impairment at baseline, and subsequent prospective data will further describe, validate, and evaluate the effects of these risk factors on cognitive impairment and dementia. These results can provide clinical evidence for the early prevention of cognitive impairment and dementia. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kailuan General Hospital of Tangshan City and the Medical Ethics Committee, Staff Hospital, Jidong Oilfield Branch, China National Petroleum Corporation on July 12, 2013 (approval No. 2013 YILUNZI 1).
Genome-wide sequence information reveals recurrent hybridization among diploid wheat wild relatives

Many conflicting hypotheses regarding the relationships among crops and wild species closely related to wheat (the genera Aegilops, Amblyopyrum, and Triticum) have been postulated. The contribution of hybridization to the evolution of these taxa is intensely discussed. To determine possible causes for this, and provide a phylogeny of the diploid taxa based on genome-wide sequence information, independent data was obtained from genotyping-by-sequencing and a target-enrichment experiment that returned 244 low-copy nuclear loci. The data were analyzed with Bayesian, likelihood and coalescent-based methods. D statistics were used to test if incomplete lineage sorting alone or together with hybridization is the source for incongruent gene trees. Here we present the phylogeny of all diploid species of the wheat wild relatives. We hypothesize that most of the wheat-group species were shaped by a primordial homoploid hybrid speciation event involving the ancestral Triticum and Am. muticum lineages to form all other species but Ae. speltoides. This hybridization event was followed by multiple introgressions affecting all taxa but Triticum. Mostly progenitors of the extant species were involved in these processes, while recent interspecific gene flow seems insignificant. The composite nature of many genomes of wheat group taxa results in complicated patterns of diploid contributions when these lineages are involved in polyploid formation, which is, for example, the case in the tetra-and hexaploid wheats. Our analysis provides phylogenetic relationships and a testable hypothesis for the genome compositions in the basic evolutionary units within the wheat group of Triticeae.
The GTPase Rab39a promotes phagosome maturation into MHC‐I antigen‐presenting compartments

For CD8 T lymphocytes to mount responses to cancer and virally‐infected cells, dendritic cells must capture antigens present in tissues and display them as peptides bound to MHC‐I molecules. This is most often accomplished through a pathway called antigen cross‐presentation (XPT). Here, we report that the vesicular trafficking protein Rab39a is needed for optimal cross‐presentation by dendritic cells in vitro and cross‐priming of CD8 T cells in vivo. Without Rab39a, MHC‐I presentation of intraphagosomal peptides is inhibited, indicating that Rab39a converts phagosomes into peptide‐loading compartments. In this process, Rab39a promotes the delivery of MHC‐I molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to phagosomes, and increases the levels of peptide‐empty MHC‐I conformers that can be loaded with peptide in this compartment. Rab39a also increases the levels of Sec22b and NOX2, previously recognized to participate in cross‐presentation, on phagosomes, thereby filling in a missing link into how phagosomes mature into cross‐presenting vesicles.
The Effects of Crude Oil and Dispersant on the Larval Sponge Holobiont

Larvae of the sponge R. odorabile survived exposure to high concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons; however, their ability to settle and metamorphose was adversely affected at environmentally relevant concentrations, and these effects were paralleled by marked changes in sponge gene expression and preceded by disruption of the symbiotic microbiome. Given the ecological importance of sponges, uncontrolled hydrocarbon releases from shipping accidents or production could affect sponge recruitment, which would have concomitant consequences for reef ecosystem function. ABSTRACT Accidental oil spills from shipping and during extraction can threaten marine biota, particularly coral reef species which are already under pressure from anthropogenic disturbances. Marine sponges are an important structural and functional component of coral reef ecosystems; however, despite their ecological importance, little is known about how sponges and their microbial symbionts respond to petroleum products. Here, we use a systems biology-based approach to assess the effects of water-accommodated fractions (WAF) of crude oil, chemically enhanced water-accommodated fractions of crude oil (CWAF), and dispersant (Corexit EC9500A) on the survival, metamorphosis, gene expression, and microbial symbiosis of the abundant reef sponge Rhopaloeides odorabile in larval laboratory-based assays. Larval survival was unaffected by the 100% WAF treatment (107 μg liter−1 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon [PAH]), whereas significant decreases in metamorphosis were observed at 13% WAF (13.9 μg liter−1 PAH). The CWAF and dispersant treatments were more toxic, with decreases in metamorphosis identified at 0.8% (0.58 μg liter−1 PAH) and 1.6% (38 mg liter−1 Corexit EC9500A), respectively. In addition to the negative impact on larval settlement, significant changes in host gene expression and disruptions to the microbiome were evident, with microbial shifts detected at the lowest treatment level (1.6% WAF; 1.7 μg liter−1 PAH), including a significant reduction in the relative abundance of a previously described thaumarchaeal symbiont. The responsiveness of the R. odorabile microbial community to the lowest level of hydrocarbon treatment highlights the utility of the sponge microbiome as a sensitive marker for exposure to crude oils and dispersants. IMPORTANCE Larvae of the sponge R. odorabile survived exposure to high concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons; however, their ability to settle and metamorphose was adversely affected at environmentally relevant concentrations, and these effects were paralleled by marked changes in sponge gene expression and preceded by disruption of the symbiotic microbiome. Given the ecological importance of sponges, uncontrolled hydrocarbon releases from shipping accidents or production could affect sponge recruitment, which would have concomitant consequences for reef ecosystem function. Author Video: An author video summary of this article is available.
Association of the V122I Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis Genetic Variant With Heart Failure Among Individuals of African or Hispanic/Latino Ancestry.

Importance Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloid cardiomyopathy (hATTR-CM) due to the TTR V122I variant is an autosomal-dominant disorder that causes heart failure in elderly individuals of African ancestry. The clinical associations of carrying the variant, its effect in other African ancestry populations including Hispanic/Latino individuals, and the rates of achieving a clinical diagnosis in carriers are unknown. Objective To assess the association between the TTR V122I variant and heart failure and identify rates of hATTR-CM diagnosis among carriers with heart failure. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional analysis of carriers and noncarriers of TTR V122I of African ancestry aged 50 years or older enrolled in the Penn Medicine Biobank between 2008 and 2017 using electronic health record data from 1996 to 2017. Case-control study in participants of African and Hispanic/Latino ancestry with and without heart failure in the Mount Sinai BioMe Biobank enrolled between 2007 and 2015 using electronic health record data from 2007 to 2018. Exposures TTR V122I carrier status. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was prevalent heart failure. The rate of diagnosis with hATTR-CM among TTR V122I carriers with heart failure was measured. Results The cross-sectional cohort included 3724 individuals of African ancestry with a median age of 64 years (interquartile range, 57-71); 1755 (47%) were male, 2896 (78%) had a diagnosis of hypertension, and 753 (20%) had a history of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization. There were 116 TTR V122I carriers (3.1%); 1121 participants (30%) had heart failure. The case-control study consisted of 2307 individuals of African ancestry and 3663 Hispanic/Latino individuals; the median age was 73 years (interquartile range, 68-80), 2271 (38%) were male, 4709 (79%) had a diagnosis of hypertension, and 1008 (17%) had a history of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization. There were 1376 cases of heart failure. TTR V122I was associated with higher rates of heart failure (cross-sectional cohort: n = 51/116 TTR V122I carriers [44%], n = 1070/3608 noncarriers [30%], adjusted odds ratio, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.2-2.4], P = .006; case-control study: n = 36/1376 heart failure cases [2.6%], n = 82/4594 controls [1.8%], adjusted odds ratio, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.2-2.7], P = .008). Ten of 92 TTR V122I carriers with heart failure (11%) were diagnosed as having hATTR-CM; the median time from onset of symptoms to clinical diagnosis was 3 years. Conclusions and Relevance Among individuals of African or Hispanic/Latino ancestry enrolled in 2 academic medical center-based biobanks, the TTR V122I genetic variant was significantly associated with heart failure.
Analysis and Models in Interdisciplinary Mathematics 2016

and Applied Analysis Analysis and Models in Interdisciplinary Mathematics 2016 Guest Editors: J. C. Cortés, B. Chen‐Charpentier, R. Company, Francisco J. Solis, J. R. Torregrosa, and R. J. Villanueva Analysis and Models in Interdisciplinary Mathematics 2016 Abstract and Applied Analysisand Applied Analysis Analysis and Models in Interdisciplinary Mathematics 2016 Guest Editors: J. C. Cortés, B. Chen-Charpentier, R. Company, Francisco J. Solis, J. R. Torregrosa, and R. J. Villanueva
WordNet: What is to be Done?

Excellent coverage: look up any word and you will find out something about it. A rich array of structures showing semantic relations among words. Definitions, capturing the gist of each sense. Technical terms linked to domain categories. Freely available to all on the Internet. User-friendly – very easy to use. Explicit discussion in accompanying publications of the psycholinguistic theories on which WordNet is founded.
Process Dualization for the Production of Roof Tiles

Roof performance is measured by a number of factors. These includes its life span, effectiveness of its components to retain their strength, chemical and physical properties, appearance and resistance to all forms of failure. All these factors are dependent on the roof materials which are gotten from various sources such as clay, concrete, metal, wood, plastic and recently composite materials (i.e. a mixture of two or more materials). This research focuses on the design of a dual composite material roof tiles machinery production layout, with the aim of improving on the already existing roof tiles machinery in some countries such as United States of America, Old Soviet Union, South Africa and Uganda. The composite materials that will be processed are plastic with sand and plastic with clay. Five machines are involved in the design of dual composite material roof tiles machinery which are plastic shredder, dual chamber dryer, dual-composite mixer, dual composite extruder and dual chamber moulding machine. These machines and there components were designed using SolidWorks software.
Dynamics of quality of life indicators associated with weight loss in patients with metabolically healthy obesity

The purpose of the study was to analyse quality of life (QoL) indicators in patients with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) associated with ≥ 5% weight loss. Material and Methods — The study involved 44 females with MHO (according to the IDF criteria of the metabolic syndrome (MS), 2005) and 33 females with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) aged 19-59 years. To assess QoL, we used the SF-36 questionnaire (Medical Outcomes Study – Short Form 36). Results — Initially QoL indicators in both groups were not significantly different statistically. The physical component of health (PHsum) in the MHO and MUHO groups averaged 53.9±6.7 & 50.6±6.3 points (p=0.032). The mental component of health (MHsum) averaged 42.1±1.8 & 45.1±1.8 points (p=0.255). The ≥5% decrease in body weight (from the initial body weight) after 6 months led to an increase in the indicators of physical role functioning by 11.6%, vitality by 12.8%, social functioning by 11.2%, emotional role functioning by 11.9%, mental health by 8.8% (p<0.05) in the MHO group, while in the MUHO group the indicators of physical role functioning increased by 24.6%, emotional role functioning by 39.5%, and mental health by 9.2 % (p<0.05). Conclusion — The MHO group is characterized by higher physical component of health, without a statistically significant difference in the indicators of each of the 8 scales of the SF-36 questionnaire. A ≥ 5% decrease in the body mass in patients of both groups is accompanied by the increase in the indicators of QoL.
The Role of Islamic Financial Institutions in Supporting Economic Growth in the Digital Era: Case Study in Indonesia

The Islamic financial industry in the digital era must adapt to the development of financial technology to develop maximum products and services to the community. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic financial institutions for national economic growth in the digital age. The study uses qualitative research methods with descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study found the role of Islamic financial institutions in the digital age was maximized through strategies to improve the quality of human resources, the innovation of digital-based products and services, education and outreach and collaboration in the field of fintech. The role of Islamic financial institutions for the national economy in the digital era in terms of micro and macro through cooperation between Islamic financial institutions has implications for economic growth through indicators of the development of the real sector, reducing poverty levels by increasing people's income and reducing unemployment
Saluda Dam, owned and operated by South Carolina Electric & Gas Company (SCE&G), impounds Lake Murray, one of the largest man-

Saluda Dam, owned and operated by South Carolina Electric & Gas Company (SCE&G), impounds Lake Murray, one of the largest man-made lakes in North America. The Dam is a semi-hydraulic fill structure constructed in 1930 following the typical “puddle dam” construction technology. This type of construction resulted in significant seepage through the Dam upon filling, which required placement of riprap benches and the installation of an extensive network of seepage collection drains on the downstream slope of the Dam to control seepage after initial construction.
Phenotypic and Temperature Tolerance Variations in Bacterial Endophytes Isolated from Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Nodules Recovered from Smallholder Farms in Northern Nigeria

The significance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) as nutritional, economic and a soil fertility promoter had already been elucidated by many researchers. The present work was aimed at isolation and characterization of rhizobial and non-rhizobial endophytes of cowpea nodules recovered from smallholder farms in northern Nigeria. The study soils were analyzed and found to have varying physical and chemical characteristics. Nine (75 %) of the soil samples were sandy loam while the others included sand loam, sand and clay loam each. The pH (water) of the soils ranged from moderately acidic to neutral. The fertility status of the soils in respect to total nitrogen (%), (phosphorus mg kg-1) potassium (Exc K), and organic carbon (%) varied among sites. Each of the 40 nodular endophytes was isolated using yeast mannitol agar and phenotypically characterized using 14 assays (5-growth, 4-sugar fementation, 5-temperature courses). In all, 35 % of the isolates tested positive for the 14 assays. All isolates grew in nutrient agar, King’s B agar; and 30 °C and 40 °C. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) indicated diversity and similarities among isolates from same and different localities. Soil origin, its features or conditions did not appear to determine the phenotypes of the bacterial isolates. Growth of some of the isolates on Pseudomonas selective agar suggests that bacteria resident in cowpea nodules included at least rhizobia and pseudomonads flora. Keywords: Legumes, Pseudomonas, Rhizobia, Soil, Sub-saharan Africa
A bi-diffusion based layer-wise sampling method for deep learning in large graphs

The Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and its variants are powerful models for graph representation learning and have recently achieved great success on many graph-based applications. However, most of them target on shallow models (e.g. 2 layers) on relatively small graphs. Very recently, although many acceleration methods have been developed for GCNs training, it still remains a severe challenge how to scale GCN-like models to larger graphs and deeper layers due to the over-expansion of neighborhoods across layers. In this paper, to address the above challenge, we propose a novel layer-wise sampling strategy, which samples the nodes layer by layer conditionally based on the factors of the bi-directional diffusion between layers. In this way, we potentially restrict the time complexity linear to the number of layers, and construct a mini-batch of nodes with high local bi-directional influence (correlation). Further, we apply the self-attention mechanism to flexibly learn suitable weights for the sampled nodes, which allows the model to be able to incorporate both the first-order and higher-order proximities during a single layer propagation process without extra recursive propagation or skip connection. Extensive experiments on three large benchmark graphs demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model.
FREQUENCY-ORIENTED ATTENTIVE GANS

Face completion is a challenging conditional image synthesis task. This paper proposes controllable and interpretable high-resolution and fast face completion by learning generative adversarial networks (GANs) progressively from low resolution to high resolution. We present structure-aware and frequency-oriented attentive GANs. The proposed structure-aware component leverages off-the-shelf facial landmark detectors and proposes a simple yet effective method of integrating the detected landmarks in generative learning. It facilitates facial expression transfer together with facial attributes control, and helps regularize the structural consistency in progressive training. The proposed frequency-oriented attentive module (FOAM) encourages GANs to attend much more to finer details in the coarse-to-fine progressive training, thus enabling progressive attention to face structures. The learned FOAMs show a strong pattern of switching their attention from low-frequency to high-frequency signals. In experiments, the proposed method is tested on the CelebA-HQ benchmark. Experiment results show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art face completion methods. The proposed method is also fast with mean inference time of 0.54 seconds for images at 1024× 1024 resolution (using a Titan Xp GPU).
ACUTUM: WHEN GENERALIZATION MEETS ADAPT-

In spite of the slow convergence, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is still the most practical optimization method due to its outstanding generalization ability and simplicity. On the other hand, adaptive methods have attracted much more attention of optimization and machine learning communities, both for the leverage of life-long information and for the deep and fundamental mathematical theory. Taking the best of both worlds is the most exciting and challenging question in the field of optimization for machine learning. In this paper, we take a small step towards such ultimate goal. We revisit existing adaptive methods from a novel point of view, which reveals a fresh understanding of momentum. Our new intuition empowers us to remove the second moment in Adam without the loss of performance. Based on our view, we propose a new method, named acute adaptive momentum (Acutum). To the best of our knowledge, Acutum is the first adaptive gradient method without second moments. Experimentally, we demonstrate that our method has a faster convergence rate than Adam/Amsgrad, and generalizes as well as SGD with momentum. We also provide a convergence analysis of our proposed method to complement our intuition.
Semi-separable Hamiltonian Monte Carlo for inference in Bayesian neural networks

We introduce a new method for performing inference in Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC). We show how the previously introduced semi-separable HMC sampling scheme can be adapted to BNNs, which allows us to integrate over both the parameters and hyperparameters. We derive a suitable Riemannian metric for the BNN hyperparameters and show that it is positive deﬁnite. Our work is compared to both Monte Carlo dropout and a deterministic neural network, where our inference technique displays better calibrated uncertainties with comparable performance to current baselines. Our code is provided in a new open-source Python package, hamiltorch , which enables our method to scale to CNNs with over 400 , 000 parameters and take advantage of GPUs.