Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new species of Eucyclops Claus (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from Southeast Mexico with a key for the identification of the species recorded in Mexico

Eucyclops torresphilipi sp. nov. is described from samples collected in the state of Chiapas, on the southeastern Pacific coast of Mexico. It belongs to a group of species similar to the presumably cosmopolitan E. agilis (Koch, 1838). The new species is closest to the South American E. delachauxi (Kiefer, 1925); it can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of characters that include a fifth leg with a particularly slender inner spiniform seta that is as long as the outer seta, the caudal rami has spinules covering up to of the outer margin, caudal rami over 4 times longer than wide, the relative length of the dorsal seta, and the proportion of the terminal spines of the third exopodal segment of the fourth legs. Only nine other nominal species of Eucyclops have been recorded in Mexico; nearly half of them are known also from South America. The new species seems to have a restricted distributional range; however, it could be present also in Guatemala. Its morphological affinity with South American forms confirms the influence of the South American cyclopoid fauna in Mexico. A key for the identification of the species of Eucyclops recorded in Mexico is included.
Typification and nomenclature of the Convolvulaceae in N. L. Burman's Flora Indica with an introduction to the Burman collection at Geneva

Les auteurs presentent l'histoire et la situation actuelle de l'herbier Burman conserve a Geneve (G). Sept noms de la famille des Convolvulaceae publies par Burman sont lectotypifies, Convolvulus angularis Burm. f. , C. mollis Burm. f. , C. nervosus Burm. f. , C. unifloruts Burm, f. , C. vitifolius Burm. f. , Evolvulus emarginatus Burm. f. , Ipomoea paniculata Burm. f. et un huitieme est neotypifie, Porana volubilis Burm. f. Un nouveau lectotype est designe pour Convolvulus gemellus Burm. f. La decouverte de l'holotype d'Ipomoea sagittifolia Burm. f. , jusqu'alors inconnu, entraine un changement de nom pour l'espece tres repandue dans l'Ancien Monde, I. sepiaria Roxb. Cette espece est aussi connue sous differents noms, le plus recent etant I. marginata (Desr.) Manitz.
Optimization of culture conditions for D-Ribose production by transketolase-deficient Bacillus subtilis JY1

D-Ribose is a five-carbon sugar used for the commercial synthesis of riboflavin, antiviral agents, and flavor enhancers. Batch fermentations with transketolase-deficient B. subtilis JY 1 were carried out to optimize the production of D-ribose from xylose. The best results for the fermentation were obtained with a temperature of 37C and an initial pH of 7.0. Among various sugars and sugar alcohols tested, glucose and sucrose were found to be the most effective for both cell growth and D-ribose production. The addition of 15 g/l xylose and 15 g/l glucose improved the fermentation performance, presumably due to the adequate supply of ATP in the xylose metabolism from D-xylulose to D-xylulose-5-phosphate. A batch culture in a 3.7-1 jar fermentor with 14.9 g/l xylose and 13.1 g/l glucose resulted in 10.1 g/l D-ribose concentration with a yield of 0.62 g D-ribose/g sugar consumed, and 0.25 g/ 1-h of productivity. Furthermore, the sugar utilization profile, indicating the simultaneous consumption of xylose and glucose, and respiratory parameters for the glucose and sucrose media suggested that the transketolase-deficient B. subtilis JY1 lost the glucose-specific enzyme II of the phosphoenolpyruvate transferase system.
Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the SLC11A1 gene in pigs

ABSTRACT The solute carrier family 11 member A1 (SLC11A1), also known as natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1), is a divalent transition metal (iron and manganese) transporter involved in iron metabolism and host resistance to certain pathogens. To study the genetic diversity of the SLC11A1 gene in Doom pigs of Assam especially on its evolution and differentiation within and among species, the partial sequence of the SLC11A1 gene was sequenced, characterized and compared with other published sequences of pigs and other species livestock. The gene sequence of Doom pigs showed the highest sequence identity with EF200584.1 (exotic pig) and the lowest similarity AY368475.1 (large white strain 008). One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was identified in the heterozygous sequence at the 736 bp position (A→G). The sequence showed the highest sequence identity (81.74%) with that of O. aries and the lowest similarity (39.12%) with B. bubalis (Mehsana breed), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Doom pig is more closely related to EU135795.1 (Chinese local pig) and EF200584.1 (Pig, Iowa State University). The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the SLC11A1 gene of Doom pigs could be used for genetic selection with disease-resistance varieties and upgradation of indigenous germplasm of domestic livestock.
Understanding of Sasang Constitutions using DNA chip Analysis

Department of Ciculatory Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University Objectives : he purpose of this study was to examine the genetic variations and changes of gene expression in the human constitutions. Methods : To analysis variations of individual gene expression, we had selected three groups of volunteers. In each group have a typical constitutional characteristics. By this time we are analyzed their gene expression patterns by using DNA chip. Results : we can acquire a new information of standard for human constitutions. 1. The 21 genes under express and 3 genes over express in So-Yang constitution 2. The 18 genes under express and 18 genes over express in So-Eum constitution 3. The 16 genes under express and 2 genes over express in Tae-Eum constitution Conclusions : Constitution, QSCCII, Character, Genome, DNA chip
Metabolism of Resin Acids in Anaerobic Systems

Resin acids are important constituents of a number of wood processing wastewaters as they are toxic to fish at concentrations of 200-800 pg L-l. Theref ore when treating wood processing wastewaters, their removal is an important consideration. The structures of some resin acids frequently encountered in such wastewaters are presented in Figure 1. Anaerobic treatment processes are being used more frequently in this industrial sector but little is known on the fate of resin acids in these processes a nd their toxicity to treatment plant microorganisms. This study reports on Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (U ASB) reactor studies using an authentic wastewater and completely mixed stirred tank reactor (CSTR) studies using a synthetic wastewater. The objectives of the tl! \. SB studies were to assess the degradation and accumulation of resin acids within the reactor. The CSTR studies sought to determine whether cometabolism was important for resin acid degradation.
Ethics of feeding: the omnivore dilemma

The way in which animals are fed is an important aspect of their welfare. Not only does food provide the energy and nutrients vital for survival, but feeding is also associated with a number of other factors contributing to the well-being of animals. The feeding method can determine the animals’ abilities to fulfil basic behavioural needs, such as foraging. The aim of this paper is to review and discuss the dilemma of choosing between ad libitum feeding (AL) and dietary restriction (DR). AL can produce obese individuals with severe health problems, though it does appear to be compatible with welfare-friendly management systems. On the other hand, DR is often associated with improved physical health and longevity but can leave animals suffering from hunger, frustration or aggression. The species discussed are the laboratory rat, pigs and poultry all of which are omnivores sharing many characteristics in their eating habits. The welfare implications of different feeding methods depend upon the definition of welfare used. Based on a definition of welfare in terms of functioning, DR could be considered the best way to feed animals, because it results in improved physical health and longevity. If welfare is defined in terms of natural living, it is also a requirement for the animal to be able to engage in natural foraging behaviours. From the feelings-based approach, DR can be viewed as preferable only in circumstances when animals are anticipated to live so long that they would otherwise suffer from the negative long-term consequences of AL. It is argued that incentives are needed to make farmers spend resources to ensure that farm animals are allowed to have their foraging-related needs fulfilled. Feeding of laboratory animals creates special dilemmas when it is important either to under- or over-nourish the animals for experimental purposes, in such instances there is a need for Refinement.
Genetic transformation of GR 11 variety of rice (Oryza sativa L.), for drought tolerance with DREB gene isolated from a drought tolerant rice variety of Gujarat

“Genetic transformation of GR 11 variety of rice (Oryza sativa L.), for drought tolerance with DREB gene isolated from a drought tolerant rice variety of Gujarat. ” Name of the Student Major Advisor Sandeep Raj R. Dr. Subhash N. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND – 388110
Primary Tumor Preparation

1. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) 2. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) 3. Trypsin (Corning, Cellgro ® , catalog number: 25-054-CI) 4. Minimum essential medium (MEM) 5. HEPES 6. Sucrose 7. B104 conditioned media 8. N2 supplement (Life Technologies, InvitrogenTM, catalog number: 17502-048) 9. T3 (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: T2877) 10. Penicillin/streptomycin/amphotericin (Life Technologies, InvitrogenTM, catalog number: 15240-062) 11. DMEM (Life Technologies, InvitrogenTM, catalog number: 11965-167) 12. Poly-L-lysine 13. PDGF-AA (Sigma-Aldrich) 14. FGFb (Life Technologies, Gibco ® ) 15. Basal media (in DMEM) (see Recipes)
Effects of exogenous abscisic acid on foliar anthocyanin accumulation and drought tolerance in purple rice

Abstract The effects of drought and exogenous ABA on foliar anthocyanin accumulation and its role in drought tolerance were studied in two purple rice cultivars GS. No. 00621 and GS. No. 21427. The seedlings were grown for 14 days and separated into four groups including control (well-watered), drought (withholding water), ABA (foliar sprayed with 20 mg L−1 ABA and well-watered), ABA and drought (foliar sprayed with 20 mg L−1 ABA and withholding water). Drought was imposed by withholding water for 7 days. The results showed that drought significantly reduced root and shoot growth in GS. No. 00621, while had little effect on GS. No. 21427. Drought stress also induced anthocyanin overaccumulation in GS. No. 21427, whereas its content was reduced in GS. No. 00621. Exogenous ABA had no effect on anthocyanin in both wellwatered and drought conditions in both cultivars. Higher anthocyanin in GS. No. 21427 was coincided with higher DPPH scavenging ability, antioxidant enzyme activities as well as higher relative water content. It is, therefore, concluded that drought-induced anthocyanin overaccumulation may be different between purple rice cultivars and anthocyanin is beneficial for the response to drought stress by protecting plant antioxidant mechanism. Unlike anthocyanin in plant reproductive organs, exogenous ABA has no effect on foliar anthocyanin accumulation in purple rice. It is possible that anthocyanin accumulation in leaf and reproductive organs may be regulated differently or triggered by different mechanisms.
Characterizing the Functions of the Alternative Oxidase and Type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenase Gene Families in Arabidopsis thaliana

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) plays a central role in the bioenergetics of all eukaryotic cells. However, the structure of the mETC varies somewhat between plants and higher animals. Plants have a more branched mETC, providing alternative pathways for electron flow, including type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenases (ND) and alternative oxidases (AOX). Recent studies suggest that these “alternative respiratory pathways” may help to minimize the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the mETC. To better understand the connections between mETC structure and ROS production in plants, we transformed Arabidopsis thaliana with several RNAi vectors designed to silence all AOX genes (5 total) or all external ND genes (NDout) (4 total) in the Arabidopsis genome. Real time RT-PCR analyses demonstrated significantly reduced levels of target AOX and NDout transcripts in several transgenic lines. In vivo respiratory assays of AOX-silenced lines showed significantly reduced AOX capacity (~40% reduction) compared to wild-type. Likewise, we saw a decrease in external calciumdependent NADH oxidation in mitochondria isolated from NDout-silenced lines. Hydrogen peroxide production and lipid peroxidation levels were also measured in AOXand NDout-silenced lines. The strongest effects were seen in an AOX-silenced line, which showed a 72% increase in leaf H2O2 content in leaf tissue, a 54% increases in H2O2 production in isolated mitochondria, and a 45% increase in total lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that the AOX gene family may play an important role in controlling in vivo mitochondrial ROS production in plants.
Isolation and Screening of Fungal Isolates for Multienzyme Production Through Submerged and Solid State Fermentations

Phytases, pectinases, and invertases are three major industrially important enzymes that find significant applications in food, feed, pharmaceutical and environmental sectors. The six isolated fungal species (JUIT, 1-6), isolated from soil Waknaghat, HP, have been identified as Aspergillus sp. through microscopical studies and fruiting body formation. Identified fungal isolates have been screened for multienzymes (Invertase, Pectinase and Phytase) production through solid state and Submerged Fermentations. Among all the fungal strains screened, Aspergillus nidulans (JUIT 4) and Aspergillus niger (JUIT 5) showed the highest coproduction of multi enzymes through Solid State Fermentation using wheat bran and maltose as a substrate and inducer, respectively. The Solid State Fermentation conditions seems to be equal to 2 ml spore suspension, 90% relative humidity, 0.4% water activity and 48 h incubation time. Partial purified (through 70% ammonium sulphate precipitation) enzymes have been further characterized for effect of pH. The resultant multienzymes complex with phytase, pectinase, and invertase activities may have considerable industrial potential in food and feed industries for fruit juice clarification, phytate elimination and in condiment preparations.
Two ‘Detailed views’ on X chromosome inactivation

Xist (X-inactive specific transcript), a prototype long non-coding RNA, is essential for establishing X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in early embryos. However, its role in maintaining XCI in soma is unclear. When Xist was conditionally deleted in somatic cells from the inactive X (Xi ), only rare and sporadic gene reactivation could be detected. We carried out high-resolution RNA allelotyping by padlock SNP capture on a panel of wild type and mutant mouse cell lines. We confirm that low level (~4%) gene reactivation occurs along Xi, but the pattern is not sporadic. A gene with its upstream region enriched for SINEs (a class of retrotransposon transcribed by RNA polymerase III) is prone to be reactivated. Intriguingly, Pol III transcription from non-coding regions is largely independent of Xist-mediated transcriptional silencing. Pol III inhibition alters chromatin looping and impairs XCI suggesting a role of Pol III transcription in regulating chromatin architecture. In the second project of my graduate research, plasmid fusion constructs of mH2A and miniSOG were established. miniSOG catalyzes polymerization of diaminobenzidine (DAB) which is osmiophilic. Therefore miniSOG can be used to label protein targets in live cells for downstream electron microscope (EM) studies. macroH2A (mH2A) is a histone variant enriched on Xi. One mH2AminiSOG fusion construct successfully labeled Xi for fluorescent microscopy and photo-oxidation (DAB polymerization). It is ready to be used as the EM tag for future studies on the chromatin structures of the Barr body.
Equilibrium condition during locomotion and gait in broiler chickens

The experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating a methodology to estimate the angulation and equilibrium condition, relating them to gait score and the main diseases of the locomotion system in males and females of commercial broiler strains. A completely randomized experimental design in a factorial arrangement (2x2) was applied, consisting of two sexes and two genetic strains, with five replicates of 53 chickens each. The following characteristics related to broiler locomotion were studied: gait score (GS); incidence of Valgus (VAL) and Varus (VAR) deformities and of pododermatitis (POD); body angle relative the ground (ANG); equilibrium condition (EC); body weight (BW) and breast weight (BrW); and incidence of femoral degeneration (FD), tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and spondylolisthesis (SPO). GS, and VAL and VAR were assessed inside a broiler house. Birds were then photographed to estimate ANG and EC. Birds were sacrificed at 42 days of age and analyzed for FD, TD, and SPO. Breast percentage was not influenced by sex or strain. Males showed better ANG than females, regardless of strain. Overall, the strains studied showed prostrated EC. The correlation between GS and the evaluated traits was low. There was a moderate to high association between EC and ANG both in males and females. GS showed low correlation with locomotion problems, and therefore, it is a poor indicator of skeletal diseases. On the other hand, the moderate to high correlations of ANG and EC with locomotion problems make them better indicators of bone diseases than gait score, which is possibly more related to EC and body posture than to bone pathologies.
On the volatility of sensex

: The present study seeks to analyse Volatility of popular stock index SENSEX. The present study is based on the closing time series data of SENSEX covering the period from 3 rd January 2000, to 30 th June 2011. The year 2008 has recorded higher Volatility compared to the other years of the study. Volatility fell in the year 2009 from the high of 2008. The years after were comparatively calmer. In the year 2000, the Volatility was higher signifying enhance market activity. The overall daily Volatility for SENSEX was approximately 1.70 % while the annualized value was approximately 25%-26%. Events Reported around Daily Returns in Excess of +/-5% have also been identified.
Mechanisms of Erythropoietic Failure in Shwachman Diamond Syndrome Caused by Loss of Ribosome-Related Protein SBDS.

Abstract 3203 Poster Board III-140 Anemia occurs in 60% of patients with Shwachman Diamond Syndrome (SDS). Although bi-allelic mutations in SBDS cause SDS, it is unclear whether SBDS is critical for erythropoiesis and what the pathogenesis of anemia is in SDS. We hypothesize that SBDS protects early erythroid progenitors from apoptosis by promoting ribosome biosynthesis and translation. During early erythroid differentiation of human K562 cells and primary CD133+ cells, a prominent upregulation of SBDS by RT-qPCR was found. SBDS deficiency by vector-based shRNA led to impaired cell expansion of differentiating K562 cells due to accelerated apoptosis and a mild reduction in proliferation. Furthermore, the cells showed general reduction of 40S, 60S, 80S ribosomal subunits, loss of polysomes and impaired global translation during differentiation. Both cell expansion and translation defects were rescued upon re-introduction of SBDS in K562 cells. Interestingly, leucine partly corrected the cell expansion and translational defects of non-differentiating SBDS-deficient K562 cells, while differentiating SBDS-deficient K562 cells showed improved cell expansion in the presence of additional translation stimulators such as IGF-1. SBDS -knockdown CD133+ cells showed increased BFU-E colony formation under conditions with leucine and a combination of leucine and IGF-1 treatment. Although the erythroid cell expansion defect in K562 cells is independent of p53 as these cells do not express the gene, an upregulation of TAp73, was found in resting SBDS deficient K562 cells. However expression of TAp73 was lost during differentiation. DNp63 was also not upregulated in SBDS-deficient K562 erythroid cells. These results demonstrate that the role of SBDS in non-differentiated cells versus differentiated cells represents two dynamic scenarios and that SBDS plays a critical role in erythroid expansion by promoting survival of early erythroid progenitors and in maintaining ribosome biogenesis during erythroid maturation through a pathway independent of p53 family members. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Clutch size and haemoparasite species richness in adult and nestling blue tits1

Abstract: Diseases have been recently suggested as a potential cost that parents and offspring pay for an elevated reproductive effort in wild organisms. We investigated the relationship between clutch size and the number of blood parasite species (species richness) infecting adult and nestling blue tits (Parus caeruleus). Four protozoan (Haemoproteus majoris, Leucocytozoon majoris, Hepatozoon parus, and Trypanosoma avium) and one helminth (Microfilariae) species were found infecting adults and two protozoan species (T. avium and L. majoris) were found in nestlings. Females laying larger clutches showed a higher haemoparasite species richness, but infection in male parents was not associated with clutch size. The species richness of haemoparasites per nestling was also positively correlated with clutch size. Both relationships in female and nestling blue tits may be explained in terms of the trade-off between reproduction and number and quality of the progeny. This is the first report of a connection between clutch size and blood parasitemias of their offspring, and it suggests new tools for exploring potential trade-offs among fitness components in wild organisms.
Reproductive Cycle and Spawning Ecology in Elkhorn Sculpin, Alcichthys alcicornis

Reproductive Cycle and Spawning Ecology in Elkhorn Sculpin, Alcichthys alcicornis Yasunori Koya,1 Hiroyuki Munehara2 and Kazunori Takano3 Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Agency, 116 Katsurakoi, Kushi r o , Hokkaido 085, J a p a n Usujiri Fisheries Laboratory, Hokkaido University, 152 Usujiri, Minami-kayabe-c h o , Hokkaido 041-16, Jap a n 3Sesoko Marine Science Center, University of the Ryukyus, 3422 Sesoko, Motobu-c h o , Okinawa 905-02, Jap a n (Received December 7, 1993; in revised form February 19, 1994; accepted March 25, 199 4 )
Quantification of Low Molecular Weight Thiols in Arabidopsis

[Abstract] Low-molecular-weight (LMW) thiols are a class of highly reactive compounds due to their thiol moiety. They play important roles in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis, detoxification, and development. Monobromobimane (mBBr) is weakly fluorescent but selectively reacts with thiols to yield highly fluorescent thioethers (mBSR) products, which is especially useful for the quantification of LMW thiols. The stable mBSR products can be separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a fluorescent detector. The main cellular LMW thiols are L-cysteine, gamma-glutamylcysteine, and glutathione (GSH). The following protocol describes the extraction and quantification of L-cysteine, gamma-glutamylcysteine, and glutathione from Arabidopsis tissues as reported (Xiang and Oliver, 1998; Zhao et al ., 2014; Wang et al ., 2015) with minor revision. Modifications may be required if the HPLC system or the C18 column is different.