Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students’ argumentation quality and argumentation skill biology education student

The ability to give arguments is very essential for students in order that they can take more roles in various aspects of life. The quality of students' arguments can be reflected in their ability to accommodate higher-order thinking skills to generate an argument. This study aims at analyzing students’ ability to make arguments and the quality of their arguments after the implementation of Reading, Questioning and Answering ( RQA ) , ADI (Argument-Driven Inquiry) , RQA integrated with ADI, and conventional learning strategies. This research is a survey research using a descriptive quantitative approach. The subjects of this research were the Biology Education students of UIN Alauddin Makassar and Universitas Muslim Maros, South Sulawesi, consisting of 92 students. The collected data were in the form of students’ argumentation skill data obtained from the observation sheets in each class through the implementation of RQA strategy, ADI strategy, RQA integrated with ADI strategy, and conventional learning strategy on animals Physiology learning. The results of this research showed that the quality of students' arguments at the implementation of RQA, ADI, RQA integrated with ADI learning strategies was at the level of application, analysis, evaluation, and creation, while at the implementation of conventional learning their argumentation quality was at the level of memorizing and understanding.
From low cost plant HMW DNA extraction to MinION sequencing v1

This low cost protocol is efficient to extract high molecular weight DNA from several tropical plants to prepare LSK109 libraries for Nanopore sequencing. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis reveals a DNA size range from 40 to 350 Kb for four species of rice, Paspalum, date palm and Ocotea obtusata. Sequencing on MinION Nanopore flow cells yielded from 3.3 to 25.3 Gb with reads N50 values ranging from 15.4 to 31.3 Kb.
Anisotropic frequency-dependent characteristics of PP- and PS-waves in partially saturated double-porosity rocks

Most frequency-dependent AVO inversions are currently based on an approximate equation derived using an isotropic medium. However, actual reservoirs usually show anisotropy, such as shale reservoirs, tight sandstone reservoirs and fractured reservoirs. We propose a joint frequency-dependent AVO (JFAVO) inversion in an anisotropic medium based on a periodic layered double-porosity medium. This JFAVO will allow us to quantitatively study the influence of fluids on the dispersion of PP- and PS-wave velocities and anisotropic parameters. First, we used a double-porosity medium to analyse the frequency-dependent characteristics of velocities and anisotropy parameters. We found that the anisotropic parameters show obvious dispersions, similar to those of velocities. Then, we derived the JFAVO inversion based on Rüger's equation to extract the dispersion of velocities and anisotropic parameters. Finally, we analysed the stability and applicability of the inversion algorithm, and used three sets of models to analyse the sensitivity of dispersion properties to fluids. The numerical analysis results show that PP-wave velocity dispersion and anisotropic parameter δ dispersion are sensitive to fluids, whereas, the velocity dispersion of the PS-wave is not. When saturation exceeds 80%, the velocity dispersion and anisotropic parameter dispersion properties are not sensitive to fluids.
Correspondence between SOC1 Genotypes and Time of Endodormancy Break in Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) Cultivars

Knowledge of dormancy traits are important in peach breeding. Traditional method selection of seedlings takes a long time because of the juvenile period of plants; therefore, novel application of marker assisted selection methods are needed to accelerate this work. The aims of this study were to test the extent of variability in the PpSOC1 gene among 16 peach cultivars and to establish whether the variability of SOC1 can be used as a functional marker for the timing of endodormancy break based on a 14-year phenology evaluation covering nine consecutive phenology phases, from string stage to ripening. Based on an SSR motif of SOC1, three allele categories were detected: one peach cultivar was heterozygous (203/209), while five of the 15 homozygous cultivars carried a 203 bp allele and the remainder were characterized with 218 bp. There were significant correlations between the PpSOC1 alleles and the various phenology phases, the strongest one being observed at the string stage, marking the end of endodormancy. At this stage, PpSOC1 explained 82.6% of the phenotypic variance; cultivars with the 203 allele reached the string stage 11.7 days earlier than those with 218 bp allele. This finding makes the PpSOC1 screening a valuable method in breeding.
Rangeland Biodiversity and Climate Variability: Supporting the Need for Flexible Grazing Management

Resting or grazing exclusion is an effective practice widely adopted to restore degraded, arid rangelands. To understand its effect on plant diversity, we studied Hill’s diversity indices during two growing seasons (2017–2019). The experiment consisted of a three-level factorial design with four plant communities subjected to different resting durations (one, two, and three years) compared to continuously grazed areas (control). The results showed that rainfall plays an important role in arid rangeland restoration. Under favorable conditions, one-year grazing exclusion considerably enhanced species richness and evenness diversity compared to longer resting durations under dry to average rainfall conditions. The decision to how long livestock grazing exclusion would last should not be decided upfront as it depends on the climatic and the site-specific conditions. The findings of this study will have vital management implications for development agencies. Knowing that short grazing exclusion with adequate rainfall amount and distribution could be enough and offers a cost-effective technical option to ensure the sustainable restoration of arid rangeland. This flexible grazing management would also be more acceptable by the pastoral communities. Longer resting periods could have detrimental effects on arid rangeland vegetation, in addition to adding more pressure on the remaining rangeland areas open to grazing.
GC-MS analysis and in vitro anti-androgenic activity of Kaempferia rotunda Linn extract

Testosterone is converted to a more potent androgen, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α-reductase and causes various hormonal actions. Anti-androgen can be used for the treatment of several disorders related to male sex hormone. In this study, the in vitro anti-androgenic activity and chemical components of hexane, dicholomethane and ethanolic extracts of Kaempferia rotunda Linn. rhizome were investigated. The various concentrations of extracts were tested on anti-androgenic activity by acting against the conversion of testosterone. The hexane extract was the most potent (IC50 = 0.43 ± 0.10 mg/mL) and showed the IC50 value in the same range to that of positive control; ethinylestradiol (IC50 = 0.26 ± 0.02 mg/mL). The different chemical profiles of all extracts studied were observed by GC-MS. The results indicated that most of volatile components including mono- and sesquiterpenes were present in hexane extract. Further studies on isolation and identification of active components are needed. This plant might be a new source for anti-androgens.
Investigation of Some Performance Parameters of Professional Football Players According to Game Regions

Background and Study Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the Anaerobic Speed Reserve (ASR), Maximal Sprint Speed (MSS) and Maximal Aerobic Running Speed (MAS) parameters in terms of the players' playing positions on the field. Material and Methods: In this study, a total of 89 players consisting of 20 stoppers, 15 backs, 25 centre midfielders, 17 wingers and 12 strikers from 4 different 3rd league teams in Turkey with the average height of 1.82±7.20 cm and the average body weight of 75±5.20 participated as volunteers. Players were applied 10-30 meters speed test and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 Test. Results In the MSH parameter, a statistically significant difference was found between the players playing in the stopper area (28.42±2.08) and the players playing in the wing area (30.40±1.94) (p <0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the game positions in ASR parameter (p> 0.05). While a very high positive significant correlation was detected between MSS and ASR (r = 0.95, p < 0.001), a moderate but negative significant correlation was found between MAS and ASR (r = -0.59, p < 0.001). The findings revealed that wingers stand out in terms of MSS while centre midfielders are ahead of the other regions in terms of MAS. Conclusions: Regarding these findings, sports science experts and especially trainers should consider these differences when programming their training. In addition, the present study has indicated that further research is required to better understand the ASR parameter in football. Keywords: anaerobic speed reserve, maximal aerobic running speed, maximal sprint speed, football players
Enhancing Virtual Screening Efficiency in the Discovery of Human TMPRSS2 Inhibitor for Combating COVID-19

As the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to pose a health and economic crisis worldwide, the quest for drugs and/or vaccines against the virus continues. The human transmembrase protease serines 2 (TMPRSS2) has attracted attention as a target for drug discovery, as inhibition of its catalytic reaction would results in the inactivation of the proteolytic cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein. As a result, the inactivation prevents viral cell entry to the host’s cell. In this work, we screened and identified two potent molecules that interact and inhibit the catalytic reaction by using computational approaches. Two docking screening experiments were performed utilizing the crystal structure and holo ensemble structure obtained from molecular dynamics in bound form. There is enhancement and sensitivity of docking results to the holo ensemble as compared to the crystal structure. Compound 1 binds more stable than nafamostat by interacting with catalytic triad residue His296 and Ser441, thereby disrupting the already establish hydrogen bond interaction. The stability of the ligand-TMPRSS2 complexes was studied by molecular dynamics simulation, and the binding energy was re-scored by using MM-PBSA binding free energy. The obtained compounds may serve as initial point towards the discovery of potent TMPRSS2 inhibitors upon further in vivo validation.
The Effect of Financial Literacy, Financial Risk Tolerance, and Financial Socialization Agents on Stock Investment Decision in The Millennial Generation

This study aim to determine financial literacy, financial risk tolerance, and financial socialization agents effect/influence on stock investment decisions in the millennial generation. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 400 millennial generation stock investors in Indonesia. The data analysis method by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the SmartPLS 3.2. 7 program. The results show that financial literacy has a significant effect on investment decisions. Financial risk tolerance has significant effect on investment decisions, meanwhile financial socialization agents do not have a significant effect on investment decisions.
NutSpaFHy—A Distributed Nutrient Balance Model to Predict Nutrient Export from Managed Boreal Headwater Catchments

Responsible forest management requires accounting for adverse environmental effects, such as increased nutrient export to water courses. We constructed a spatially-distributed nutrient balance model NutSpaFHy that extends the hydrological model SpaFHy by introducing a grid-based nutrient balance sub-model and a conceptual solute transport routine to approximate total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) export to streams. NutSpaFHy uses openly-available Multi-Source National Forest Inventory data, soil maps, topographic databases, location of water bodies, and meteorological variables as input, and computes nutrient processes in monthly time-steps. NutSpaFHy contains two calibrated parameters both for N and P, which were optimized against measured N and P concentrations in runoff from twelve forested catchments distributed across Finland. NutSpaFHy was independently tested against six catchments. The model produced realistic nutrient exports. For one catchment, we simulated 25 scenarios, where clear-cuts were located differently with respect to distance to water body, location on mineral or peat soil, and on sites with different fertility. Results indicate that NutSpaFHy can be used to identify current and future nutrient export hot spots, allowing comparison of logging scenarios with variable harvesting area, location and harvest techniques, and to identify acceptable scenarios that preserve the wood supply whilst maintaining acceptable level of nutrient export.
Validity and reliability of the coronavirus anxiety scale: Turkish adaptation for nurses

Amac: Calismamizin amaci, Koronavirus anksiyete olceginin hemsireler icin Turkce versiyonunun gecerlilik ve guvenilirligini degerlendirmektir. Gerec ve Yontem: Icerik gecerlilik indeksi (CVI), principles component analizi, Cronbach's alpha, paralel form ve test-tekrar test yontemleri kullanilmistir. Bulgular: CVI 0,98 (0,96-0,99) olarak bulunmustur. Tek faktorlu cozum belirlenmis ve olcekteki maddelerin faktor yukleri 0.636 ile 0.893 arasindadir. Cronbach alfa degeri 0,84 olarak bulunmustur. Sinif ici korelasyon Katsayisi 0,84 ile 0,92 arasinda bulunmustur. Sonuc: Hemsireler icin koronavirus anksiyete olceginin Turkce versiyonu, hemsirelerin COVID-19'a yonelik kaygilarini olcmek icin gecerli ve guvenilir bulunmustur.
Silicon in Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Assembled Microspheres Cross‐linked with N‐doped Carbon Fibers toward a Binder Free, High Performance, and Flexible Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Silicon (Si), as the most promising anode material, has drawn tremendous attention to substitute commercially used graphite for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, recently, the insufficiently high structural stabilities and electron/ion conductivities of silicon‐based composites have become the main concerns, hindering the further progress of silicon as the anode material for LIBs. Herein, to cope with these concerns, a binder‐free and free‐standing type anode electrode paper is fabricated from self‐assembled microspheres and intertwined fabrics, in which a 3D interconnected nitrogen/carbon network connects hollow carbon nanospheres with uniformly distributed silicon nanodots (SHCM/NCF). The as‐prepared SHCM/NCF paper maintains a reversible capacity of 1442 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 for 800 cycles in lithium half‐cell, and 450 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 for 200 cycles in lithium full‐cell, respectively. The excellent battery performances are mainly attributed to the free‐standing paper electrode suppressing side reactions, nitrogen/carbon networks maintaining electrical contact, and silicon nanodots alleviating the harm caused by volume expansion. Furthermore, this excellent performance combined with the simplicity of the synthesis method and the saving of excess polymer binder, current collector and conducting additives, make the designed paper exhibit great potential in practical applications.
Parathyroid hormone receptors in GtoPdb v.2021.2

The parathyroid hormone receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Parathyroid Hormone Receptors [49]) are class B G protein-coupled receptors. The parathyroid hormone (PTH)/parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor (PTH1 receptor) is activated by precursor-derived peptides: PTH (84 amino acids), and PTHrP (141 amino-acids) and related peptides (PTH-(1-34), PTHrP-(1-36)). The parathyroid hormone 2 receptor (PTH2 receptor) is activated by the precursor-derived peptide TIP39 (39 amino acids). [125I]PTH may be used to label both PTH1 and PTH2 receptors. The structure of a long-active PTH analog (LA-PTH, an hybrid of PTH-(1-13) and PTHrP-(14-36)) bound to the PTH1 receptor-Gs complex has been resolved by cryo-electron microscopy [147]. Another structure of a PTH-(1-34) analog bound to a thermostabilized inactive PTH1 receptor has been obtained with X-ray crytallography [34].
The Effect of Work Experience and OHS on Tax Office Staff’s Performance

This research aims to see the effect of work experience and occupational health and safety (OHS) on the staff’s performance at the Tax Service Office (KPP). In this study, the research took place at KPP Madya Palembang and KPP Minyak dan Gas Bumi. The research method used is quantitative research. The population in this study were all staff at KPP Madya Palembang and KPP Minyak dan Gas Bumi totaling 70 people. Sampling using Slovin with a standard error of 10%. The data collection techniques used were interview and questionnaire techniques. The data were processed using multiple linear regression analysis models with the help of the SPSS program. From the research results, it is known that work experience and occupational safety and health have a positive and significant effect on the staff’s performance of the tax service office.
Methods of reception and synchronization of signals of automatic cab signalling

The article discusses the problems of existing methods of receiving automatic cab signalling on railway transport, an original method of receiving and processing data is proposed. The need to solve the problems is due to the requirement of a qualitative improvement in the reliability of receiving codes, and as a consequence, the capacity of existing lines. First of all, this refers to a significant increase in the quality of reception and processing of information flows from rail lines. Today it is difficult to imagine the organization of the movement of rolling stock without relying on automatic block systems with secondary sealing of tonal track circuits by frequency modulation signals or automatic cab signaling without the use of multivalued automatic cab signaling with phase-difference modulation. Taking into account the objective fact of noise emission from the operation of energy-intensive railway equipment and modern locomotives, the issues of reliability and noise immunity of receiving discrete information (including signals of traditional automatic cab signaling) are becoming more and more urgent. Analysis of the reasons for the decrease in the reliability and noise immunity of railway automation and telemechanics systems, and, consequently, traffic safety also comes to the fore.
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Suitable for Autonomous Vehicles: Double Bootstrapped Soft-Actor–Critic-Discrete

With the rapid advancement of modern society, autonomous systems have been broadly applied in people’s daily lives. Under the guidance of this trend, autonomous vehicles have gradually become popular. However, due to some adverse factors (such as insufficient computing force and limited communication bandwidth) in edge computing scenarios and the lack of autonomous decision-making ability, the safety of autonomous vehicles is not enough. It is a good solution to use a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm, which combines deep learning (DL) and reinforcement learning (RL), to provide a fast convergence speed and an appropriate decision-making ability. In this article, based on soft-actor–critic (SAC) and SAC-discrete (SAC-D), we propose a double bootstrapped SAC-D (DBSAC-D) algorithm. By introducing bootstrap, the ability to explore in action space is enhanced, the value of each action is accurately judged, the convergence process is accelerated and the consumption of the computing force is reduced. In addition, we also propose a novel sampling strategy, which balances the novelty and importance of the sampled data, and improves the training value of the sampled data to the network model. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm achieves good performances in several traffic scenes and has a fast convergence speed.
Pathosphysiology of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Prognistic Factors and Emerging Treatment Options in a Low Resource Economy

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a triphasic clonal myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of Philadelphi a chromosome (Ph) in over 95% of cases alongside excessive accumulation of clonal myeloid cells in hematopoietic tissues. This occurs as a result of reciprocal translocation between the long arms of chromosome 9 and 22 t (9;22) (q34; q11) creating the fusion oncogene BCR–ABL1 which exhibits constitutive tyrosine kinase activity. It is one of the commonest haematological malignancies in low economies around the world including Nigeria. The clinical features of CML are often described in 3 phases namely the chronic phase (CP), accelerated phase (AP), and blastic phase (BP) while CP is the most common stage with progression to AP and BP occurring later. Despite that, prognosis of CML is dependent on phase of disease, age, and response to therapy, the only curative approach in use currently is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with other drugs being used for cytogenetic responses. This study focuses on the aetiopathophysiology, cytogenetics, molecular biology, clinical/laboratory features and treatment options of CML. Rigorous review of literature on the study was retrieved from relevant oncology journals and textbooks abstracted and indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, CINAHL, and Science Direct. The study discovered that, resistance of CML to imatinib has been reported with research having reached the advanced stage on the use of alternative drugs (e.g., Nilotinib and Desatinib). There are also potentials for these new drugs to become the treatment choice and first line drugs for the treatment of CML.
Sex-Gender Awareness in Diabetes

Sex and gender can affect incidence, prevalence, symptoms, course and response to drug therapy in many illnesses, being sex (the biological side) and gender (the social-cultural one), variously interconnected. Indeed, women have greater longevity; however, this is accompanied by worse health than men, particularly when obesity is present. Sex-gender differences are fundamental also in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Just for example in the prediabetes situation impaired fasting glucose (expression of increased insulin resistance) is more common in men, while impaired glucose tolerance (expression of beta cell deficiency) is more common in female, indicating a possible different genesis of type 2 diabetes in the two sexes. In type 1 diabetes male and female are equivalent as incidence of the disease since puberty, while estrogens act as protective and reduce the incidence of type 1 diabetes in female after puberty. Considering macrovascular complications, diabetic women have a 3.5 fold higher increased cardiovascular risk than non diabetic women, against an observed increase of “only” 2.1 fold in male. Thus it is clear, although not fully explained, that sex-gender differences do exist in diabetes. Another less studied aspect is that also physician gender influences quality of care in patients with type 2 diabetes, female physicians providing an overall better quality of care, especially in risk management. The goal of this short commentary is to open the special issue of Diabetology: “Gender Difference in Diabetes” leaving to the individual articles to deepen differences in genesis, psychologists aspects and complications of the disease.