Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of double burden of malnutrition among school adolescence 10-19 years in Burayu town Oromia Special Zone, Ethiopia

The double burden of malnutrition is an emerging nutritional problem of the coexistence of underweight and overweight. Obesity affects adolescents from both affluent and poor countries and nutritional status of adolescents in Ethiopia is not well documented, and they are the neglected segment of the population. The study aimed to assess prevalence and associated factors of double burden of malnutrition among adolescents in Burayu town, Ethiopia. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A Stratified sampling was used to select a random sample of 627 adolescents from selected schools. Data on economic characteristics and socio-demographic information were collected by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements were made by using a digital Seca scale and height measuring board by trained data collectors. Data was entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 software and exported to SPSS version 24. World Health Organization Anthro-plus software was used to analyze anthropometric data. Both binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses was done to identify factors associated with the malnutrition of adolescents. Prevalence of stunting, thinness and overweight was 11.1, 3.9 and 12.1%, respectively. Having small number of children [AOR = 2.069, (95%CI: 1.161, 3.686)] significantly associated with stunting. Sex of adolescents [AOR = 4.454, (95%CI: 1.616, 12.278)], primary school adolescents [AOR = 0.233, (95%CI: 0.066, 0.821)] and secondary school adolescents [AOR = 0.229(95%CI: 0.056, 0.931)] and food sources [AOR = 3.750, (95%CI: 1.446, 9.728)] were significantly associated thinness. Sex of adolescents [AOR = 0.536, (95%CI: 0.318, 0.901)], school type [AOR = 0.326, (95%CI: 0.186, 0.571)] and number of children [AOR = 1.855, (95%CI: 1.086, 3.166)] were significantly associated overweight/obese. The study revealed the coexistence of double burden of malnutrition among in-school adolescents. There is an increasing trend in the level of stunting and overweight/obesity. Number of children that family had being associated with stunting and overweight/obesity. Food source and school level was positive association with thinness. School type and sex of adolescents associated with overweight/obesity.
Stochastic Modeling and Optimal Time-Frequency Estimation of Task-Related HRV

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for the analysis of task-related heart rate variability (HRV). Respiration and HRV are measured from 92 test participants while performing a chirp-breathing task consisting of breathing at a slowly increasing frequency under metronome guidance. A non-stationary stochastic model, belonging to the class of Locally Stationary Chirp Processes, is used to model the task-related HRV data, and its parameters are estimated with a novel inference method. The corresponding optimal mean-square error (MSE) time-frequency spectrum is derived and evaluated both with the individually estimated model parameters and the common process parameters. The results from the optimal spectrum are compared to the standard spectrogram with different window lengths and the Wigner-Ville spectrum, showing that the MSE optimal spectral estimator may be preferable to the other spectral estimates because of its optimal bias and variance properties. The estimated model parameters are considered as response variables in a regression analysis involving several physiological factors describing the test participants’ state of health, finding a correlation with gender, age, stress, and fitness. The proposed novel approach consisting of measuring HRV during a chirp-breathing task, a corresponding time-varying stochastic model, inference method, and optimal spectral estimator gives a complete framework for the study of task-related HRV in relation to factors describing both mental and physical health and may highlight otherwise overlooked correlations. This approach may be applied in general for the analysis of non-stationary data and especially in the case of task-related HRV, and it may be useful to search for physiological factors that determine individual differences.
Oral Cancer and Treatment Information Involved in Therapeutic Decision-Making

Early detection of oral cancer improves survival after treatment and the quality of life. The adoption of standardized methodological protocols of screening has increased the possibilities for early identification and for appropriate treatment. The informed consent must be obtained by patients before any treatment and/or surgical procedure. The clinical and surgical details must be discussed with the patient. The patient must know potential risks and benefits. Consent must be documented in the medical record and consent forms may serve to document the physician’s discussion with the patient. All dentists are trained to detect the early signs of oral cancer. The health professional have a key role in identify the early signs of oral cancer in order to plan the treatment and management of the disease. The work aims to provide simple practical information to collect the patient's consent and encouraging him to improve healthy behaviors. In this work the critical issues of clinical practice in order to improve the management of oral cancer are analyzed. The information must include an exhaustive discussion of objectives, risks, and benefits of each option including the option of not choosing the treatment/procedure of care. The authors identify three different situations: information and consent to a generic prevention, information and consent in case of suspected diagnosis or early diagnosis and information and consent the case of advanced cancer. The authors sought to identify effective information approaches. Approaches that need to be documented in the medical records, that become communication instrument between the patient and the physician. The folder is also a historical memory of what happened. The patient’s refusal must be informed also. The patient must know the possible risks of not proceeding with therapies or with proposed treatment.
Protected from fire, but not from harm: seedling emergence of savanna grasses is constrained by burial depth

ABSTRACT Background The Cerrado is a fire-prone Neotropical savanna and grass seeds are the main component of the soil seed bank. Although grass seeds are presumed to tolerate heat pulses during fires, the assumption that these seeds will be recruited may be an overestimation, since it does not account for factors that limit seedling emergence from the soil. Aims We tested if burial depth constrained the seedling emergence of nine common Neotropical savanna grasses. Methods Seeds were sown at the surface or at 5, 10, 20 and 30 mm in trays filled with cerrado soil. Emergence was assessed daily for 30 days and any remaining non-germinated seeds were tested for viability. Results Seedling emergence decreased with depth, and was positively related to the seed mass. Seven species showed a significant reduction in emergence when sown at 10 mm and only two species emerged from 30 mm. Most non-germinated seeds lost viability after 30 days. Conclusions Burial depth constrained the seedling emergence of Neotropical savanna grasses. Although seeds in the soil are protected during Cerrado fires, they may not generate new individuals, as seedling emergence is limited once a depth of 10 mm is reached and the seeds lose viability within 30 days in humid soil.
Şebekeye bağlı yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklı eviriciler için yeni bir akım kontrol stratejisi

Dengesiz sebeke gerilimleri pozitif ve negatif sirali (PNS) bilesenleri icermektedir. Ozelikle, kontrol sinyallerinin uzerindeki salinimlara sebep olan negatif sirali bilesenler sebekeye bagli yenilenebilir enerji kaynakli eviricilerin (YEKI) performansini onemli derecede etkilemektedir. Bu calismada, ideal olmayan sebeke gerilim sartlarinda sebekeye bagli YEKI’ in kontrolu icin kullanilan oransal integral (PI) tabanli ikili akim kontrolcunun yavas dinamik tepkisi, kararli hal hatalari ve kompleks yapisi gibi dezavantajlarinin giderilmesi icin oransal kompleks integrator (PCI) tabanli akim kontrolcusu onerilmistir. Aktif-reaktif guc referans sinyali, PNS bilesenleri ve esnek kontrol parametresine dayanan referans akimlar, tum kontrol dongulerinde kullanilmak uzere uretilmistir. Ideal olmayan sebeke durumlarindan kaynaklanan aktif ve reaktif guc salinimlarinin bir biri ile olan iliskileri ayrintili bir sekilde incelenip kontrol edilebilirlikleri esnek kontrol parametresi ile saglanmistir. Calismanin literaturdeki benzer i calismalara kiyasla onemli bir katkisi, referans akim uretimi icin gerekli PNS gerilim ve akim bilesenlerinin onerilen hizli ve saglam ikili ortalama filtre tabanli faz kilitlemeli dongu (DAPLL) ile ayrilmasidir. Onerilen PCI tabanli akim kontrol stratejisinin performansi cesitli durum calismalari kullanilarak PI tabanli ikili akim kontrolcu ile karsilastirilip test edilmistir.
The Unhealthy Delights: Online Games – Does Personality Traits and Needs Satisfaction Plays a Role?

Playing too many online games could harm the player both physically and mentally. Online game engagement is a generic indicator of one’s involvement in online game playing (Brockmyer, Fox, Curtiss, McBroom, Burkhart, & Pidruzny, 2009). The previous study found that three out of five traits from the Five Factor Model correlates with psychological needs fulfillment (Teng, 2009). Online games serve as a mean to fulfill these psychological needs (Przybylski, Rigby, & Ryan, 2010). This study attempts to understand the correlation between personality traits and the online game engagement of adolescents in Jakarta with basic psychological needs satisfaction as a mediator. The participants of this study are adolescent gamers age between 15 to 18 years (n = 333). Quantitative methods and questionnaires are used to gather information from participants. Regression result shows that basic psychological needs satisfaction mediates personality traits and online game engagement. Out of five traits, basic psychological needs satisfaction only mediates for conscientiousness (r2 = 0.050, p < 0.01) and neuroticism (r2 = 0.051, p < 0.01).
Women leaders in the workplace: perceptions of career barriers, facilitators and change

Questions of gender equality pervade our culture, particularly in the world of work, where about three quarters of leaders are men. This paper draws on 60 interviews with women in the UK, in senior leadership roles, in a variety of fields. The research questions address the interviewees’ perceptions of three areas: career challenges (or barriers) for women who wish to access leadership roles; the main facilitators of career progress for women and changes they have seen and anticipate seeing for women leaders at work. The main challenges or barriers were perceived as a masculine work culture; discrimination and the glass ceiling; gendered stereotyping; and the difficulties of combining work and family life. Facilitators were their own determination and agency, mentoring and networking, with little mention of support through places of work. With regard to change for women at work, they saw the glass ceiling as moving gradually upwards, although some more ‘masculine’ industries were more difficult for women to navigate. With the exception of the women in higher education, they did not support feminism or an affirmative stance towards women’s progress and in the private sector were accepting of the prioritisation of business motives over equity issues.
Point/Counterpoint Treatment Options in Knee Osteoarthritis: Total Knee Arthroplasty Versus Platelet-Rich Plasma

A 63-year-old man presents to your office with 10 years of left knee pain. He is an active skier but finds that knee pain prevents him from skiing. He is still able to walk long distances with only some limitation, but climbing up stairs is still painful. He has had 5 courses of corticosteroid injections and 3 courses of viscosupplementation in the past, with only transient relief. He also has been through 3 courses of physical therapy, which has included both openand closed-kinetic chain strengthening of the quadriceps, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius, as well as a trial with body-weight-supported treadmill training, electrical stimulation, and several trials with different braces, taping techniques, and foot wedges. The patient is concerned that he may have to stop skiing. His knee radiographs and magnetic resonance images both confirm that he has tricompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee, severe in the medial compartment, moderate in the patellofemoral compartment, and mild in the lateral compartment. He is seeking your recommendation for a best next step. He is considering both knee replacement and platelet-rich plasma regenerative injection therapy. What would you recommend? Arguing for the motion that this patient would best be managed by a total knee replacement is Brian A. Klatt, MD. Dr Klatt is an assistant professor of orthopaedic surgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, with a special interest in joint reconstruction. Arguing for the motion that this patient would best be managed by platelet-rich plasma regenerative injection therapy is Hector H. Lopez, MD, MS. Dr Lopez is the founder and director of Physicians Pioneering Performance, LLC, a multidisciplinary physical medicine and rehabilitation based clinic designed for optimizing human performance. Guest Discussants:
Pan-Sharpening Based on Background Prior Saliency and Joint Sparse Detail Extraction

For remote sensing images, the spectral and spatial quality requirements vary across regions. Foreground objects need high spatial quality, while background regions require high spectral fidelity for the successive processing. Saliency analysis is an effective tool for distinguishing and achieving these requirements. Thus, we propose a pan-sharpening method based on background prior saliency and joint sparse detail extraction for remote sensing images. First, aimed at the characteristics of remote sensing image fusion, a saliency analysis method based on the foreground distribution and background prior is proposed to produce a regulation factor, which can reflect the different spatial and spectral information requirements of the foreground and background. Then, we propose a detail extraction and fusion method based on the guided filter and sparse representation. We extract spatial details not only from panchromatic (PAN) images but also from multispectral (MS) images and fuse them by maximizing the sparse coefficient strategy to reduce instabilities and dissimilarities. Finally, the regulation factor is used to regulate the detail injection in the pan-sharpening process. Our method can satisfy the various spatial and spectral resolution requirements for different regions more accurately. Compared to other state-of-art methods, both the visual and quantitative results reveal that our method has a better performance at improving the spatial quality and preserving the spectral fidelity.
An AI early warning system to monitor online disinformation, stop violence, and protect elections

ABSTRACT We’re developing an AI early warning system to monitor how manipulated content online such as altered photos in memes leads, in some cases, to violent conflict and societal instability. It can also potentially interfere with democratic elections. Look no further than the 2019 Indonesian election to learn how online disinformation can have an unfortunate impact on the real world. Our system may prove useful to journalists, peacekeepers, election monitors, and others who need to understand how manipulated content is spreading online during elections and in other contexts.
Analysis of the Douban online review of the MCU: based on LDA topic model

With the rapid development of the Internet and the movie industry, online reviews have shown explosive growth. Online review data contains a lot of valuable information, through text mining techniques such as the LDA topic model to analyze this information, to help the movie creators to understand the public’s viewing needs, movie production team to reflect on the shortcomings in the production process, in order to promote the development of the movie industry to provide a reference. In this paper, the Douban online review data of the MCU are used as the research object, and the Chinese text is analyzed based on the LDA topic model. Firstly, data collection and preprocessing are carried out with various software. Then, the word cloud is used to visualize the core information in the online review data, and then the LDA topic model is used for a deeper semantic mining. The research results show that the rich and varied plot design, the audiovisual feast brought by advanced digital technology, the clever connection of bonus scene, the unique characters and actors and a super-hero’s commercial movie mode are closely related to the success of the MCU.
Impact of HRM Practices on Social Performance: Mediating Role of both Satisfaction and Affective Commitment in Multicultural Context

Developing organizational commitment and employee satisfaction is one of the major objectives of both big companies and SMEs. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how human resources management practices HRMP, can help to have engaged and satisfied employees in their work, and how these human resources attitudes can influence the social performance in the organization. A relationship explained on the basis of social exchange theory and realized through employee survey case study among staffs of a Chinese international group operating in Morocco. The objective is to study the correlation between HRM practices, affective commitment, satisfaction and social performance which was measured by the variables of individual performance, absenteeism and intention to quit in a multicultural context. The results of the analysis reveal that implemented HRM practices influence employee affective commitment partially, and influence their satisfaction significantly and positively. The study exposed also the link between those variables, while highlighting the factors that impact them, such as working conditions, lack of training and insufficient or incomplete personal understanding.
Novel Vaccine Immunogens from Rare HIV-1 Controllers that Possess Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies

Author(s): Hutchinson, Jennie M | Advisor(s): Berman, Phillip W | Abstract: After over 35 years of research, a prophylactic HIV vaccine remains elusive. However, the discovery of potent broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in some individuals (elite neutralizers) and other individuals that control HIV infection without anti-retroviral drugs (controllers) have renewed optimism that an effective vaccine may be possible. The production of bNAbs does not correlate with improved disease outcomes because they take too long to develop and the virus typically outpaces the antibody response. However, passive transfer of bNAbs prior to infection is protective in non-human primate models. Thus, a vaccine capable of eliciting bNAbs prior to infection may provide protective immunity. The sole target of bNAbs is the viral spike, a trimer of envelope glycoproteins (Env). Although it is now possible to produce recombinant Envs with epitopes that bind bNAbs, these have failed to elicit bNAbs. Epitopes recognized by bNAbs are inherently poor immunogens due to the densely packed glycan shield that covers the majority of the surface. Previous HIV vaccines were based on Envs without regard for the immune response in virus donors. Here, for the first time, we studied Envs from two rare individuals that controlled viral load and produced bNAbs. From each individual, envs were cloned and used to construct 20 pseudotype viruses. These were then screened for neutralization sensitivity against a panel of prototypic monoclonal bNAbs. Comparative sequence analysis revealed two features that may have contributed to the robust immune response: (1) a major reduction (35%) in the number of potential N-linked glycosylation sites in gp120 and (2) two extra cysteine residues in the V1/V2 region. One env from each individual was expressed and used for antibody binding assays and rabbit immunization studies. Antibody responses to the novel immunogens were compared to MN rgp120, used in the only clinical trials that has shown efficacy in humans. A minimally glycosylated immunogen elicited an improved cross-reactive neutralization response compared to other clade B Envs, including MN. This work demonstrated that Envs from individuals with the elite neutralizer/controller phenotype possess unusual structural features that may have enhanced the immune response and represent a new source of HIV vaccine immunogens.
SAMHD1 limits the efficacy of forodesine in leukaemia by protecting cells against cytotoxicity of dGTP

The anti-leukaemia agent forodesine causes cytotoxic overload of intracellular deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) but is efficacious only in a subset of patients. We report that SAMHD1, a phosphohydrolase degrading deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), protected cells against the effects of dNTP imbalances. SAMHD1-deficient cells induced intrinsic apoptosis upon provision of deoxyribonucleosides, particularly deoxyguanosine (dG). Moreover, dG and forodesine acted synergistically to kill cells lacking SAMHD1. Using mass cytometry, we found that these compounds killed SAMHD1-deficient malignant cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Normal cells and CLL cells from patients without SAMHD1 mutation were unaffected. We therefore propose to use forodesine as a precision medicine for leukaemia, stratifying patients by SAMHD1 genotype or expression. Supplementary Figure 5. Graphical Abstract Highlights SAMHD1-deficient cells die upon exposure to deoxyribonucleosides (dNs) Deoxyguanosine (dG) is the most toxic dN, inducing apoptosis in cells lacking SAMHD1 SAMHD1-mutated leukaemic cells can be killed by dG and the PNP-inhibitor forodesine In Brief SAMHD1 degrades deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), the building blocks of DNA. Davenne et al. found that SAMHD1 protects cells against dNTP imbalances. Exposure of SAMHD1-deficient cells to deoxyguanosine (dG) results in increased intracellular dGTP levels and subsequent apoptosis. This can be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells that acquired SAMHD1 mutations.
Transparent and Conductive Molybdenum-Doped ZnO Thin Films via Chemical Vapor Deposition

Extrinsically doped ZnO is widely used as a transparent conducting electrode and has the potential to alleviate the demand on the expensive but ubiquitous Sn doped In2O3. Here, we report for the first time the synthesis and characterization of molybdenum doped ZnO via a chemical vapor deposition route. Films were grown using diethylzinc, molybdenum hexacarbonyl, toluene and methanol. All films had visible light transmittance of ~80% and electrical resistivity of the 10-3 Ω. cm with the lowest resistivity of 2.6 x 10-3 Ω. cm observed for 0.57 at. % Mo doped film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the surface species and X-ray diffraction based calculations of the ZnO unit cell parameters suggest that Mo is present in the 4+ oxidation state, thus contributing two electrons for electrical conduction for every Zn2+ ion replaced in the lattice.