Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of Low-Complexity 3-D Underwater Imaging System With Sparse Planar Arrays

The development of a real-time 3-D underwater imaging system with a planar array is restricted by the huge hardware cost and computational burden associated with the large number of elements required. In this paper, a new design of low-complexity 3-D underwater imaging system is proposed, involving two key parts: a special sparse array with low hardware cost and an efficient beamforming with low computational burden. Especially, the simulated annealing algorithm is optimized based on distributed and parallel subarray (DPS) beamforming and results in fewer active elements than existing methods. To improve the computational efficiency especially for sparse arrays, an optimized DPS beamforming is presented with the pruning fast Fourier transform technology. To test the validity of the design, a real system based on the proposed methods was devised and employed in the lake and sea trials. The experiment results demonstrate that the low-complexity 3-D underwater imaging system can provide a satisfactory imaging quality.
Amplification and Expression of Human o.-Globin Genes in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

We studied the effects of gene amplification on human globin gene expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The normal human a-globin gene (Na2) and a hybrid gene (MaG) containing the 5' promoter-regulator region of the mouse metallothionein gene and the human structural aL2-globin gene were linked to a modular SV2cDNA dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene. The recombinant DNA molecules were introduced into Chinese hamster ovary cells by calcium phosphate precipitation. After initial selection to retain the DHFR and linked sequences, the cells were cultured in increasing concentrations of methotrexate up to 0.2 mM. Southern blot analysis of total cellular DNA showed an approximately 500to 1,000-fold increase in the number of copies ofDHFR and human ot-globin genes. The transcription of the a-globin and DHFR genes increased as their copy number within the cells increased. The transcription of the amplified hybrid MaG gene was also inducible with cadmium treatments. Both mature mRNA and "read-through" transcripts were observed. DHFR constituted approximately 10% of pulse-labeled cellular proteins in these cells, but no human a-globin was detected. In vitro translation of polyadenylated RNA from these cells showed that a-globin mRNA transcribed from the amplified a-globin genes was functional and directed a-globin chain synthesis. In situ hybridization of 3Hlabeled oa-globin and DHFR DNA probes in chromosome preparations from the two cell lines indicated that both genes were coamplified in the same chromosomal locations in each cell type. These results indicate that gene amplification enhances human globin gene expression in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells.
The effect of patterns on image-based modelling of texture-less objects

The task of generating fast and accurate three-dimensional (3D) models of objects or scenes through a sequence of non-calibrated images is an active field of research. The recent development in algorithm optimization has resulted in many automatic solutions that can provide an accurate 3D model from texture-full objects. Structure-from-motion (SfM) is an image-based method that uses discriminative point-based feature identifier, such as SIFT, to locate feature points in the images. This method faces difficulties when presented with the objects made of homogenous or texture-less surfaces. To reconstruct such surfaces a well-known technique is to apply an artificial variety by covering the surface with a random texture pattern prior to the image capturing process. In this work, we designed three series of image patterns which are tested based on the contrast and density ratio which increases from the first to the last pattern within the same series. The performance of the patterns is evaluated by reconstructing the surface of a texture-less object and comparing it with the true data. Using the best-found patterns from the experiments, a 3D model of a Moai statue is reconstructed. The experimental results demonstrate that the density and structure of a pattern highly affects the quality of the reconstruction.
Improve Decision Support System Operations of Real-Time Image Classification Utilizing Machine Learning and Knowledge Evolution

—This paper delves into the generation and use of image classification models in a real-time environment utilizing machine learning. The ImageAI framework was used to generate a list of models from a set of training images and also for classifying new images using the generated models. Through this paper, previous research projects and industry programs are analyzed for design and operation. The basic implementation results in models that classify new images correctly the majority of the time with a high level of confidence. However, almost a quarter of the time the models classify images incorrectly. This paper attempts to improve the classification accuracy and improve the operational efficiency of the overall system as well.
The propagation velocity of seismic activity migrating along the directions of the geodynamic forces prevailing in the northeastern Baikal rift system, Russia

The recent tectonic stress field in the northeastern Baikal rift system (BRS) corresponds to the crustal deformation field. The stress-strain state of the Earth’s crust determines the fault network geometry and spatiotemporal structure of the epicentral field characterized by many earthquake swarms and earthquake migrations in the study area. In order to study the seismic process dynamics in different directions of the crustal deformation, the spatiotemporal analysis of earthquake time series has been made over the 1964–2015 instrumental period. To determine the relationship between crustal stress and spatiotemporal features of the epicentral field the seismic data were projected along horizontal stress tensor axes σ3 and σ2, consistent with major directions of the crustal deformation, a strike of major rifting structures, and a general azimuth of active fault groups. The NE-SW direction along the intermediate horizontal stress axes and main faulted arears exhibits slow earthquake migrations up to 60 km long, propagating with a modal velocity of about 30 kilometers per year. The NW-SE direction along the principal horizontal stress axes, orthogonal to the main faulted areas, is characterized by shorter migration sequences of less duration, propagating with a higher velocity than sequences registered in the NE-SW. The difference between the migration dynamics in mutually orthogonal directions can be attributed to the fault network configuration and the differences in the deformation process.
DDDT_A_249608 3325..3336

Rong-zi Li Xiao-Wen Ding 1 Thangiah Geetha Layla Al-Nakkash 2 Tom L Broderick Jeganathan Ramesh Babu 1Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; 2Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA Purpose: Diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced brain damage is characterized by cellular, molecular and functional changes. The mechanisms include oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, reduction of neurotrophic factors, insulin resistance, excessive amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition and Tau phosphorylation. Both antidiabetic and neuroprotective effects of the phytoestrogen genistein have been reported. However, the beneficial effect of genistein in brain of the ob/ob mouse model of severe obesity and diabetes remains to be determined. Methods: In this study, female ob/ob mice and lean control mice were fed with either a standard diet or a diet containing genistein (600mg/kg) for a period of 4 weeks. Body weight was monitored weekly. Blood was collected for the measurement of glucose, insulin and common cytokines. Mice brains were isolated for Western immunoblotting analyses. Results: Treatment with genistein reduced weight gain of ob/ob mice and decreased hyperglycemia compared to ob/ob mice fed the standard diet. The main findings show that genistein treatment increased insulin sensitivity and the expression levels of the neurotrophic factors nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF). In these mice, genistein also reduced Aβ deposition and the level of hyper-phosphorylated Tau protein. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate the beneficial effects of genistein in the obese diabetic mouse brain, including improving brain insulin signaling, increasing neurotrophic support, and alleviating Alzheimer’s disease-related pathology.
On the ChEMBL Platform, a Large-scale Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Drug Target Prediction

Deep learning is currently the most successful machine learning technology in a wide range of application fields, and it has recently been used to forecast possible therapeutic targets and screen for active compounds in drug discovery research. However, it is unclear whether deep learning can outperform existing computational methods in drug discovery tasks due to the lack of large-scale studies, the compound series bias that is common in drug discovery datasets, and the hyperparameter selection bias that comes with the large number of potential deep learning architectures. As a result, we compared the outcomes of different deep learning methods to those of other machine learning and target prediction methods on a large-scale drug development dataset. We employed a stacked cluster-cross-validation technique to avoid any biases from hyperparameter selection or compound series. We discovered that (i) deep learning methods beat all competing methods, and (ii) deep learning's prediction performance is often comparable to that of tests conducted in wet labs (i.e., in vitro assays).
A novel approach in pharmaceutical analysis by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with chemometric methods and artificial neural network

As a reliable method, Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is widely applied to elemental analysis in different fields. In this research, LIBS was used to analyze pharmaceutical tablets. For this purpose, spectra from eight samples of three pharmaceutical classes were acquired; and after peaks recognition, they were investigated by principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN). According to the results, due to the similarity of the main elements of different samples, it is difficult to distinguish them by spectra; therefore, PCA was used to make a better comparison between the samples. Apart from that, unknown samples were identified and predicted through the ANN.
Integrated management of dry root rot of green gram caused by Macrophomina phaseolina by using bioagents, botanicals and fungicides: A review

The green gram is one of India's most valuable pulse crops. Mungbean dry root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a severe disease. Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil-borne pathogen that infects Mungbean crops, causing severe damage and yield losses. The biological control of Macrophomina phaseolinaca used dry root rot is tested in-vitro and in-vivo. The aim of this reviewis to see how effective various biocontrol agents, botanicals and fungicides were against Macrophomina phaseolina, which causes Mungbean dry root rot. Trichoderma viride was found to be the most effective biocontrol agent against Macrophomina phaseolina, followed by Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens was found to be the least effective in reducing root rot incidence. Garlic extract was found to be the most effective in preventing root rot, followed by turmeric extract and neem leaf extract. Carbendazim was found to be the most effective fungicide, with the minimal possible of root rot.
Genetic differentiation and gene flow of two sparidae subspecies, Diplodus sargus sargus and Diplodus sargus cadenati in Atlantic and southwest Mediterranean populations

*Corresponding author. Current address: Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Universidade do Porto. Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. MonteCrasto 4485-661, Portugal. E-mail: mergonza@um.es; mercedes@mail.icav. up.pt Genetic differentiation and gene flow of two sparidae subspecies, Diplodus sargus sargus and Diplodus sargus cadenati in Atlantic and south-west Mediterranean populations
Recent Advances in Computational Modeling of Primary Atomization of Liquid Fuel Sprays

Recent advances in modeling primary atomization in order to enable accurate practical-scale jet spray simulation are reviewed. Since the Eulerian–Lagrangian method is most widely used in academic studies and industrial applications, in which the continuous gas phase is treated in the Eulerian manner and droplets are calculated as Lagrangian point particles, the main focus is placed on improvement within this framework, especially focusing on primary atomization where modeling is the weakest. First, limitations of the conventional methods are described and then novel modeling proposals intended to tackle these issues are covered. These new modeling proposals include the Eulerian surface density approach, and the hybrid Eulerian surface/Lagrangian subgrid droplet generation approach. Compared to conventional simple yet sometimes non-physical models, recent models try to include more physical findings in primary atomization which have been obtained through experiments or direct numerical simulation (DNS). Model accuracy ranges from one that still needs some adjustment using experimental or DNS data to one which is totally self-closed so that no parameter tuning is necessary. These models have the potential to overcome the long-recognized bottleneck in primary atomization modeling and thus to improve the accuracy of whole spray simulation, and may greatly help to improve the spray design for higher combustion efficiency.
Computer Simulation Model of High Efficiency Wireless DC Power Supply

This paper presents the computer simulation model of high efficiency wireless DC power supply. The proposed system uses 20 kHz switching frequency of the half-bridge inverter and this value is suitable for the wireless power transfer in order to obtain high efficiency power transfer. In this work, the mutual inductance is used to present the wireless power transfer (WPT) function. The parameter used is based on the actual practical values of Vishay Radial Wireless Charging Transmitter Coil details. This future innovative technology of WPT system is possible to supply electric power especially for mobile or rotating devices without any wire or cable. The WPT system was targeted to achieve power transfer efficiency of higher than 90% between the transmitter and receiver coils. A computer simulation model using MATLAB/Simulink was developed to investigate the behavior and possible inaccuracies of the proposed system.
England, Jennifer and Pang, Kar Lai and Parnall, Matthew and Haig, Maria Isabel and Loughna, Siobhan (2016) Cardiac troponin T is necessary for normal development in the embryonic chick

The heart is the first functioning organ to develop during embryogenesis. The formation of the heart is a tightly regulated and complex process, and alterations to its development can result in congenital heart defects. Mutations in sarcomeric proteins, such as alpha myosin heavy chain and cardiac alpha actin, have now been associated with congenital heart defects in humans, often with atrial septal defects. However, cardiac troponin T (cTNT encoded by gene TNNT2) has not. Using gene-specific antisense oligonucleotides, we have investigated the role of cTNT in chick cardiogenesis. TNNT2 is expressed throughout heart development and in the postnatal heart. TNNT2-morpholino treatment resulted in abnormal atrial septal growth and a reduction in the number of trabeculae in the developing primitive ventricular chamber. External analysis revealed the development of diverticula from the ventricular myocardial wall which showed no evidence of fibrosis and still retained a myocardial phenotype. Sarcomeric assembly appeared normal in these treated hearts. In humans, congenital ventricular diverticulum is a rare condition, which has not yet been genetically associated. However, abnormal haemodynamics is known to cause structural defects in the heart. Further, structural defects, including atrial septal defects and congenital diverticula, have previously been associated with conduction anomalies. Therefore, to provide mechanistic insights into the effect that cTNT knockdown has on the developing heart, quantitative PCR was performed to determine the expression of the shear stress responsive gene NOS3 and the conduction gene TBX3. Both genes were differentially expressed compared to controls. Therefore, a reduction in cTNT in the developing heart results in abnormal atrial septal formation and aberrant ventricular morphogenesis. We hypothesize that alterations to the haemodynamics, indicated by differential NOS3 expression, causes these abnormalities in growth in cTNT knockdown hearts. In addition, the muscular diverticula reported here suggest a novel role for mutations of structural sarcomeric proteins in the pathogenesis of congenital cardiac diverticula. From these studies, we suggest TNNT2 is a gene worthy of screening for those with a congenital heart defect, particularly atrial septal defects and ventricular diverticula.
Stable and Low-Spurs Optoelectronic Oscillators: A Review

An optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is an optoelectronic hybrid oscillator which utilizes ultra-low loss fiber as an electro-magnetic energy storage element, overcoming the limits of traditional microwave oscillators in phase noise performance. Due to their ability to generate ultra-low phase noise microwave signal, optoelectronic oscillators have attracted considerable attentions and are becoming one of the most promising and powerful microwave signal sources. In this paper, we briefly introduce the operation principle and discuss current research on frequency stability and spurious suppression of optoelectronic oscillators.
Paclitaxel plus Gemcitabine as Second Line Chemotherapy for Patients with Metastatic or Locally Advanced Breast Cancer-A Phase II Study

Objective: The combination of paclitaxel and gemcitabine (PG) has been proposed as a promising combination as second line chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We assessed the efficacy and toxicity of PG in a split-dose schedule in a phase II study. Methods: Forty-two patients were enrolled in the study. Treatment consisted of paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2, both administrated day 1 and 8 every 21 days. Patients had MBC or locally advanced breast cancer. The primary endpoint was response rate (RR). Secondary endpoints were time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), toxicity and clinical benefit rate (CBR). Results: Median age was 56.5 years. Eight patients (19.0%) received epirubicin in the adjuvant setting. Thirty patients (71.4%) were previously treated with epirubicin in the metastatic setting. The RR was 25% (95% CI, 12.7-41.2%) and the CBR was 47.5% (95% CI, 31.5-63.9%). Median TTP was 4.9 months (95% CI, 3.2-6.5 months) and the median OS was 10.6 months (95% CI, 8.312.9 months). The toxicity was modest. CTC grade 3 and 4 neutropenia was seen in 17 patients (40.5%). One patient (2.4%) had febrile neutropenia. Conclusion: The RR, TTP and OS were lower when compared to other studies of these two drugs in combination. This present study was comparable in toxicity to other studies and is maybe comparable in efficacy, but it did not bring any reason to believe a benefit in neither efficacy nor toxicity could be achieved in the combination by splitting the paclitaxel into two doses.
Simulating tissue mechanics with Agent Based Models: concepts and perspectives

In this paper we present an overview of agent based models that are used to simulate mechanical and physiological phenomena in cells and tissues, and we discuss underlying concepts, limitations and future perspectives of these models. As the interest in cell and tissue mechanics increase, agent based models are becoming more common the modeling community. We overview the physical aspects, complexity, shortcomings and capabilities of the major agent based model categories: lattice-based models (cellular automata, lattice gas cellular automata, cellular Potts models), off-lattice models (center based models, deformable cell models, vertex models), and hybrid discrete-continuum models. In this way, we hope to assist future researchers in choosing a model for the phenomenon they want to model and understand. The article also contains some novel results.
Identification of Tumour in Lung and Brain using Segmentation Classification Technique

In several medical vision implementations, segmentation and marking are also the weakest measures. This paper shows a system focused on watershed transformations, which are structured to solve popular problems in a number of applications and are controllable by parameter adaptation. Lung cancer identification, a system for segmenting cancer regions from CT images, a watershed algorithm for image segmentation, and brain tumour detection from MRI images are two of these modules introduced. Neural networks and Support Vector Machines are used to identify data utilising different GLCM features as well as certain mathematical features. We discuss the findings of both implementations in 2D MRI images of brain tumours and CT images of lung cancer to explain the algorithms' concepts and show their generic properties. Finally the rate of accuracy obtained is compared for ANN and SVM classification. The rate of accuracy is 100% for lung images and 96% for brain using SVM classifier. By experimental results the SVM performance is better and suitable in medical image classifications.
Technical Report Stateful Fuzzer

With the recent evolution in the VoIP market, where more and more devices and services are being pushed on a very promising market, assuring their security becomes crucial. Among the most dangerous threats to VoIP, failures and bugs in the software implementation will still rank high on the list of vulnerabilities. In this paper we address the issue of detecting such vulnerabilities using a stateful fuzzer. We describe an automated attack approach capable to self-improve and to track the state context of a target device. We implemented our approach and were able to discover vulnerabilities in market leading and well known equipments and software.