Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologyonline 2 : 328-343 ( 2010 ) Sathiya and Muthuchelian

This work was conducted with the purpose to evaluate the antioxidant and antitumor potential of total phenolic extract of Prosopis juliflora leaves through standard methods. Antioxidant potential was tested by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay. The antiproliferative effect of the extract was tested against three normal (T-lymphocytes, Tig-7 and CHO) and three cancer (MOLT-4, oral (KB) and HeLa) cell lines using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) test and as a measure of gentoxic assessment cytokinesis block in vitro micronucleus assay was also done in cell cultures incubated with the extract. The DPPH scavenging effect of the extract was increased with the increasing dosage and the IC50 estimations for the extract and the ascorbic standard were found to be 33.43 μg and 1.51 μg respectively. The cytotoxic potential of the extract was significantly higher on the cancer cells than that of the normal cells at all the tested doses and time points studied. The GI50 estimations of the extract against the cancer cell lines (MOLT-4, oral (KB) and HeLa) were found to be 46.44, 46.12 and 45.61 μg/ml at 24 h exposure; 32.35, 32.25, 32.08 μg/ml at 48 h exposure and 23.75, 23.51 and 22.65 μg/ml at 72 h exposure respectively. In all the cultures there was only a slight difference between the number of micronuclei observed in the negative control and the highest tested concentration which may be due to the absence of genotoxicity associated with its antiproliferative effects. The results indicate that more elaborate study in this plant and deeper investigations extended to other cell lines may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic agents.
Histomorphological spectrum of gall bladder lesions, relation to p53 expression

Introduction: Gall bladder lesions include the varied spectrum of lesions encompassing inflammatory, benign, premalignant and malignant conditions. Progression from benign to malignant change is a complex process. The pathological importance of chronic inflammation leading to neoplasia has come into prominence in recent years. Multiple mechanisms are involved in the carcinogenesis and the most commonly disrupted gene is the p53 gene. Materials and Methods: In our prospective study, of three consecutive years duration a total of 262 specimens which included inflammatory, premalignant, and malignant lesions of the gall bladder were received. Immunohistochemical analysis with a p53 antibody was done on selected 60 specimens according to our inclusion criteria. Results: Of the received specimens majority (84.7%) were inflammatory lesions followed by precursor lesions (10.7%) and malignant lesions (4.5%). Chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis is the predominant lesion accounting for 33% of the cases. P53 expression was observed in 50% of malignancies and was not seen in any of the premalignant conditions. 11.8% of inflammatory lesions with thickened wall showed p53 expression. Conclusion: The most common histopathological diagnosis was chronic cholecystitis. Chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for malignancy. Careful pathological examination of gallbladder specimens should be done as the neoplastic process may present silently as cholecystitis. P53 expression in chronic inflammatory conditions indicates an important role of inflammation in chronic cholecystitiscarcinoma sequence. Early detection of p53 mutation by Immunohistochemical analysis, and regular follow up aid in optimal patient management. Keywords: Gall bladder, Cholecystitis, p53.
Numerical Convergence Rate for a Diffusive Limit of Hyperbolic Systems: p-System with Damping

This paper deals with diffusive limit of the p-system with damping and its approximation by an Asymptotic Preserving (AP) Finite Volume scheme. Provided the system is endowed with an entropy-entropy flux pair, we give the convergence rate of classical solutions of the p-system with damping towards the smooth solutions of the porous media equation using a relative entropy method. Adopting a semi-discrete scheme, we establish that the convergence rate is preserved by the approximated solutions. Several numerical experiments illustrate the relevance of this result.
Thermodynamic admissibility of the reptation model

In a recent paper, Ottinger and Beris assert that the celebrated Doi–Edwards (DE) model for entangled polymer dynamics is incompatible with the so-called “GENERIC” form of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Simply put, they claim that the DE model for tube dynamics is inconsistent with the principle of virtual work. I show that with the correct choice of effective Hamiltonian, namely the full tube configurational entropy, the DE stress tensor does in fact result from a virtual work argument.
The Effects of Implementing Mindfulness Into Teacher Pedagogy, and the Effects of Implementation on Stress, Student-Teacher Relationships and Classroom Climate

This qualitative research study investigates the effects of mindfulness implementation in Ontario elementary classrooms, and the effects of such practices on the overall stress levels of teachers in their practice, the student-teacher relationships within the classroom, and the overall classroom climate. To collect data, I conducted three semi-structured interviews with elementary educators who have a personal practice of mindfulness outside of their classrooms, and who implement mindfulness into their teaching pedagogy. Through analyzing my data alongside existing literature, three themes emerged: 1) mindful elementary educators recognize that successful implementation of mindfulness stems from a personal connection to mindfulness, gathering information from a variety of sources (ie. text, online), and practicing mindfulness daily in their classrooms, 2) mindful elementary educators recognize the benefits of practicing mindfulness in their classrooms, including reduced stress levels, positive student-teacher relations and overall classroom climate, and 3) mindful elementary educators recognize the various academic, behavioural, and attitudinal challenges that come with implementing mindfulness practices in their classrooms and with their students. Implications for the educational community and myself as a teacher-researcher are then discussed based on the effects of mindful integration in classrooms. Recommendations are then made for how teachers and school boards can introduce and implement feasible mindfulness programs into their classrooms and schools. Recommendations are also made for how teacher education programs can integrate mindfulness practices and studies into their programs, to inform teacher candidates of the benefits and outcomes of introducing mindfulness into their own teaching practices.
A Virtual Reality Based Surgical Simulation as an Alternative of Halal Surgical Trainings and Better Surgical Planning

The growing of medical industries need cadaver as a part of full filling better understanding of the components of surgical competency in teaching surgical technical skills in safe and pedagogically efficient environment. However, majority of Muslim scholars argue that using cadaver for surgical trainings are not permissible (haram), thus to find alternative halal procedures replacing cadaver in surgical training are urgent. Moreover, the old approach of ‘see one do one, teach one’ is no longer acceptable to either the surgical profession or to the well-informed and demanding public. New tools have been developed for teaching and assessing technical skills outside the operating room using virtual reality simulation, which has been applied for many years with great success in many industries including aviation and the military. With software development, the simulators now enable users to perform complete procedures with the added simulation of rare anatomical variations and various pathological conditions. The interface of these high-fidelity systems enables the surgeon to ‘feel’ the tissue (haptic feedback). Although, the realism of these simulated procedures is still suboptimal and the high cost of virtual reality simulators, the advantages of the high-fidelity, high-cost systems have not yet been demonstrated and our studies have established the potential advantages of procedure-specific simulation. The research using phantom-omny haptic to enable surgeon to “feel, touch, and interact” with tissue, fluid, and bone during surgical procedures using PC based simulator.
Efficient Learning of Language Categories: The Closed-Category Relevance Property and Auxiliary Verbs

tThis paper describes the mechanism used by the ALACK language acquisition program for identification of auxiliary verbs. Pinker’s approach to this problem (Pinker, 1964) is a general learning algorithm that can learn any Boolean function but takes time exponential in the number of feature dimensions. In this paper, we describe an approach that improves upon Pinker’s method by introducting the Closed-Category Relevance Property, and showing how it provides the basis of an algorithm that learns the class of Boolean functions that is believed sufficient for natural language, and does not require more than linear time as feature dimensions are added.
On Hierarchical Combination of Discrete Wavelet Transform with Canny Edge Detector

Discrete Wavelet Transform and Canny Edge Detector have been state of the art edge detection methods, each has its own unique strength. In this article, we provided three combination methods and developed two implementation algorithms to utilize the unique strength of both methods under the unified framework. The three methods we developed in the article have different bias on DWT and Canny Detector and can be applied to different practical situations. The comprehensive experiment result shows the algorithms have decent performance in edge detection and are computational efficient.
Harmonic Reduction in Five Level Inverter Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer

This study deals with harmonic reduction in the five level inverter based Dynamic Voltage Restorer(DVR). The control of DVR that injects a voltage in series with a distribution feeder is presented. DVR is a power electronic controller that can protect sensitive loads from disturbances in supply system. DVR can regulate the voltage at the load. The simulation results of five level inverter based DVR are presented. The spectrum for the output voltage is also presented.
‘I never hoped for anything . . . now I have other plans’: The role of microfinance in HIV intervention for women who use drugs and engage in sex work in Kazakhstan

Over the past decade, Kazakhstan has experienced increased cases of HIV, especially among women who engage in sex work and use drugs. Research has examined the efficacy of structural interventions to reduce HIV risk; however, few studies have examined the experiences of women participating in these interventions. This study aimed to understand the perceived impact that HIV risk reduction and savings-led microfinance components of the Nova study had on women’s sexual and drug risk behaviors as well as their capacity for reducing income from sex work and finding alternative sources of income over time. The Nova study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted from 2013 to 2018 in Kazakhstan. It examines the efficacy of a combination of HIV risk reduction and microfinance among women who engage in sex work and women who use drugs. Data were drawn from the qualitative component of this study; 56 interviews with 19 participants were conducted. Template analysis and a qualitative trajectory approach were used to understand women’s perceptions of the impact that intervention had over time. Findings indicated that women perceived increased knowledge and skills related to condom use, safe sex practice, and drug use reduction. Women who received the microfinance component described perceived gains on budget management, capacity to plan for their future, and motivation to find alternative sources of income. Giving women the opportunity to express narrative experiences over time regarding the impact of this structural intervention may inform needed cultural adaptations of the intervention components and nuances of the environment in which the intervention is offered.
Parallelization of the Particle Filter via Series Expansions

Parallelizability of an algorithm is nowadays a highly desirable property as computer hardware is becoming increasingly parallel. In this paper, a formulation of the particle filtering algorithm, suitable for parallel or distributed computing, is proposed. From the particle set, a series expansion is fitted to the posterior probability density function. The global information expressed by the particles can in this way be compressed to a few informative coefficients that can be efficiently communicated between the local processing units. Experiments on a shared-memory multicore processor using up to 8 cores show that linear speedup in the number of used cores is achieved.
Trade, Infrastructure and Transaction Costs: The Imperatives for Asian Economic Cooperation

Recent literature has emphasized the importance of transaction costs and infrastructure in explaining trade, access to markets, and regional cooperation under globalization. For most Asian countries, transaction costs are a greater barrier to trade integration than import tariffs. By estimating a structural model of economic geography using cross-country data on income, infrastructure, transaction costs and trade of selected Asian economies, this paper shows that the transaction costs is statistically significant and important determinant in explaining variation in trade in Asia.
Designing the Robust Fuzzy PI and Fuzzy Type-2 PI Controllers by Metaheuristic Optimizing Algorithms for AVR System

In this paper, two robust controllers have been designed to automatically regulate the synchronous generator voltage for an extensive domain of the system parameters in a single-machine infinite bus (SMIB) framework. These two controllers are based on the fuzzy set, and the type-2 fuzzy logic plus the proportional–integral (PI) operation, respectively. The Fuzzy and Type-2 fuzzy logic decisions are independent of the system parameters which increase the system robustness against the uncertainties and disturbances, and the PI controller can eliminate the terminal voltage steady-state error. The performance of the controllers has been optimized by adjustment of the four coefficients of each controller through Artificial Bee Colony, Imperialistic Competitive Algorithm, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Five scenarios with four different patterns for reference input and disturbances have been considered to show the competency of the designed controllers. The simulations which have been done by PSO optimization results show the higher robustness of these controlling combination against the load fluctuations, the sequence of the input voltage, and changes in the system parameters, such as the gains and time constants of the amplifier, exciter, and generator in contrast to optimized PID with metaheuristic algorithms.
Overexpression of the Rosa rugosa RrGT1 Gene Induces Anthocyanin Accumulation in Tobacco

Rosa rugosa has always been an important plant in landscape application, and the improvements and innovations about its flower color are particularly important. Glycosylation modification fulfills an important role in increasing the stability and solubility of anthocyanin in plants. In this study, based on the transcriptional database of R. rugosa, a gene with full length cDNA of 1161 bp, encoding 386 amino acids, designated as RrGT1, were isolated from flowers of R. rugosa “Zizhi” and then functionally characterized. Sequence alignments with the NCBI database show that the RrGT1 protein is a member of the GTB superfamily and has typical conserved amino acid residues called PSPG that are crucial for RrGT1 enzyme activity. RrGT1 transcripts were detected in five flowering stages and seven tissues of R. rugosa “Zizhi” and their expression patterns corresponded with the accumulation of anthocyanins. Additionally, the in vivo function of RrGT1 was investigated via its overexpression in tobacco. Transgenic tobacco plants expressing RrGT1 induced anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, indicating that RrGT1 could encode a functional glycosyltransferase (GT) protein for anthocyanin biosynthesis and could function in other species. Therefore, we speculated that glycosylation of RrGT1 played a crucial role in anthocyanin biosynthesis in R. rugosa.
Aliskiren Improved the Endothelial Repair Capacity of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Patients with Hypertension via the Tie2/PI3k/Akt/eNOS Signalling Pathway

Background Studies show that aliskiren exerts favourable effects not only on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) but also on endothelial function. However, the mechanism of the favourable effect of aliskiren on EPCs from patients with hypertension is unclear and remains to be further studied. Methods The object of this study was to investigate and assess the in vitro function of EPCs pretreated with aliskiren. After treated with aliskiren, the human EPCs were transplanted into a nude mouse model of carotid artery injury, and the in vivo reendothelialization of injured artery was estimated by staining denuded areas with Evans blue dye via tail vein injection. Results We found that aliskiren increased the in vitro migration, proliferation, and adhesion of EPCs from patients with hypertension in a dose-dependent manner and improved the reendothelialization capability of these EPCs. Furthermore, aliskiren increased the phosphorylation of Tie2, Akt, and eNOS. After the blockade of the Tie2 signalling pathway, the favourable effects of aliskiren on the in vitro function and in vivo reendothelialization capability of EPCs were suppressed. Conclusions This study demonstrates that aliskiren can improve the in vitro function and in vivo reendothelialization capability of EPCs from patients with hypertension via the activation of the Tie2/PI3k/Akt/eNOS signalling pathway. These findings further indicate that aliskiren is an effective pharmacological treatment for cell-based repair in hypertension-related vascular injury.
Education policy and returns to education

Summary To form an efficient education policy, politicians need answers to the following types of questions: What are the economic returns to individuals’ participation in different types of schooling? How are prospective students’ schooling choices affected by the perceived economic returns to schooling before and after taxes and student costs? What are the returns to additional resources, e.g. smaller classes in primary education? In the 1990s, the Swedish government increased the number of study places at colleges and in other institutions for adult education. New subsidies were introduced to stimulate adult education. At the same time, the local governments reduced expenditure per pupil in compulsory education. This paper summarises Swedish empirical research in this area. Several studies suggest a robust causal relationship between years of education and the logarithm of individuals’ earnings. The relationship is remarkably linear with a slope around 0.04, which suggests that an additional year of schooling would on average raise earnings by around four percent. Nonetheless, it is questionable whether adult education, which takes place later in life, yields as high a return as youth education. College enrolment seems to be sensitive to the economic returns to such education. However, the marked increase in enrolment during the 1990s would not have occurred without additional study places. Present Swedish research offers almost no guidance on the effects of the expenditure reductions in primary education during the 1990s. Randomised experiments would probably be needed to fill this serious gap in our knowledge.
Edge impact damage scenario on stiffened composite structure

Low-velocity/low-energy edge impact and quasi-static experiments have been carried out on carbon fiber-reinforced plastic structures. A drop-weight testing machine has been used to impact four different uni-directional laminates at 10, 20 and 35-J impact energy levels. In parallel, a quasi-static study has been carried out to compare its results with the impact ones. The residual behavior will be provided by the compression after impact tests. The impact results show that the static and dynamic behaviors are different. The difference between static and dynamic edge impacts, to understand the impact damage scenario, is explained with the help of an analytical approach irrespective of the stacking or impact energy. This approach provides good results regarding the dynamic and static initial stiffness along with the crushing plateau. It has been observed that the fiber properties control the initial impact stiffness, while in the quasi-static indentation case, the properties of the matrix control the initial indentation stiffness; whereas the crushing plateau is also controlled by the matrix properties.
Analysis of factors affecting car purchasing decision

The sales of Mitsubishi Xpander have successfully penetrated the Low MPV car market after 13 years won by its competitors in first-year sales of 2017. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Mitsubishi Xpander consumers, the effects of the marketing mix and brand awareness on purchasing decisions, and strategies to increase purchasing decisions. Primary data were obtained from 300 respondents who had bought a Mitsubishi Xpander. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using the SEM method. The results show the price, product, and location positively and significantly influenced purchasing decisions. Promotion and brand awareness variables have positive but not significant influences on purchasing decisions. The company needs to evaluate the price range of the product, maintain quality, and increase dealer location points on Google Maps. In addition, companies can conduct promotional and branding activities adjusted to the middle-class consumer segment.
Short-term Forecasting for Airline Industry: The Case of Indian Air Passenger and Air Cargo

This study aims to forecast air passenger and cargo demand of the Indian aviation industry using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and Bayesian structural time series (BSTS) models. We utilized 10 years’ (2009–2018) air passenger and cargo data obtained from the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA-India) website. The study assessed both ARIMA and BSTS models’ ability to incorporate uncertainty under dynamic settings. Findings inferred that, along with ARIMA, BSTS is also suitable for short-term forecasting of all four (international passenger, domestic passenger, international air cargo, and domestic air cargo) commercial aviation sectors. Recommendations and directions for further research in medium-term and long-term forecasting of the Indian airline industry were also summarized.
The Effect of Congressional Sessions on the Stock Market in Emerging Democracy: the Case of Taiwan

This paper uses data on Taiwan stock market over a long sample period to examine whether there exist the e#ect of congressional session. These results provide evidences that the congressional e#ect is negative e#ect on stock returns but volatilities are not significant. However, the congressional e#ect on stock market returns following financial reform significantly dropped, and significantly increased for the volatilities in the same circumstances. The empirical result implies that the investors rationally measure stock market e$ciently reflect congressional activity and adjust their expectations to alter portfolio allocation accord-