Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GUT MICROBIOTA DISTURBANCES EFFECTS ON THE HYPOTHALAMUS-PITUITARY AXIS: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

: Background: Gut microbiotahas emerged as an environmental factor that modulate the host function and is linked to various psychiatric and organic diseases. Objectives: The current study aimed to review the literature to answer the question: Is microbiota affecting the structure or function of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis [HPA]? Methods: Eligibility criteria were experimental or human studies in English language assessing the effects of microbiota on hypothalamus-pituitary axis published during the period from 2008-2018. A manual search in PubMed and Google scholar was conducted using the terms microbiota, effects, modulation, hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Among the two hundred and forty articles identified, 33 were assessed and eighteen[15 experimental and three human studies ] were included. The author name, year of publication, country, methods of the study and the conclusions were reported. Results: There were 240 articles, 33 were assessed for eligibility and 18 were included in the systematc review. The microbiota disruption altered neurotransmitters vasopressin in the hypothalamus, ameliorated the HPA response to acute stress, reduced insulin and leptin resistance, increased IFNγ, IL2 and IL4 at the expense of TNFα and IL6, modified specific gene expression, and induced inflammation in the hypothalamus. Conclusion: Gut microbiota disturbances induced structural and functional changes in the hypothalamus and can be targeted as a useful affordable intervention in various diseases including stress, anxiety, and depression.
OP-MOLB150227 79..92

Vision is energetically costly to maintain. Consequently, over time many cave-adapted species downregulate the expression of vision genes or even lose their eyes and associated eye genes entirely. Alternatively, organisms that live in fluctuating environments, with different requirements for vision at different times, may evolve phenotypic plasticity for expression of vision genes. Here, we use a global transcriptomic and candidate gene approach to compare gene expression in the heads of a polyphenic butterfly. Bicyclus anynana have two seasonal forms that display sexual dimorphism and plasticity in eye morphology, and female-specific plasticity in opsin gene expression. Nonchoosy dry season females downregulate opsin expression, consistent with the high physiological cost of vision. To identify other genes associated with sexually dimorphic and seasonally plastic differences in vision, we analyzed RNA-sequencing data from whole head tissues. We identified two eye development genes (klarsicht and warts homologs) and an eye pigment biosynthesis gene (henna) differentially expressed between seasonal forms. By comparing sex-specific expression across seasonal forms, we found that klarsicht, warts, henna, and another eye development gene (domeless) were plastic in a female-specific manner. In a male-only analysis, white (w) was differentially expressed between seasonal forms. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed that warts and white are expressed in eyes only, whereas klarsicht, henna and domeless are expressed in both eyes and brain. We find that differential expression of eye development and eye pigment genes is associated with divergent eye phenotypes in B. anynana seasonal forms, and that there is a larger effect of season on female vision-related genes.
Aqueous oligomerization of MVK -- Part 1

Aqueous phase oligomerization of methyl vinyl ketone through photooxidation – Part 1: Aging processes of oligomers P. Renard, F. Siekmann, G. Salque, A. Smaani, C. Demelas, B. Coulomb, L. Vassalo, S. Ravier, B. Temime-Roussel, D. Voisin, and A. Monod Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE FRE 3416, 13331, Marseille, France Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble 1/CNRS-INSU, Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, 54 rue Molière, 38402 Saint-Martin-d’Hères, France
Three-dimensional manifolds

Definition. A (topological) n-manifold M is a Hausdorff topological space with a countable basis of open sets, such that each point of M lies in an open set homeomorphic to R or R+ = {(x1, . . . , xn) ∈ R n : xn ≥ 0}. The boundary ∂M of M is the set of points not having neighbourhoods homeomorphic to R. The set M − ∂M is the interior of M , denoted int(M). If M is compact and ∂M = ∅, then M is closed.
INVARIANCE TIMES 1

On a probability space ((cid:2), A , Q ) , we consider two ﬁltrations F ⊂ G and a G stopping time θ such that the G predictable processes coincide with F predictable processes on ( 0 ,θ ] . In this setup, it is well known that, for any F semimartingale X , the process X θ − ( X stopped “right before θ ”) is a G semimartingale. Given a positive constant T , we call θ an invariance time if there exists a probability measure P equivalent to Q on F T such that, for any ( F , P ) local martingale X , X θ − is a ( G , Q ) local martingale. We characterize invariance times in terms of the ( F , Q ) Azéma supermartingale of θ and we derive a mild and tractable invariance time sufﬁciency condition. We discuss invariance times in mathematical ﬁnance and BSDE applications.
PGPM_A_278806 679..686

1Federal State Institution «National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 101000, Russia; 2Kurchatov Genomics Center-ARRIAB, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Moscow 127550, Russia; 3Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; 4Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127051, Russia; 5Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123182, Russia
Unsupervised Image Segmentation using ROR

: Image segmentation is a process of segmenting an image into groups of pixels based on some criterions. Image segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments. The purpose of image segmentation is to partition an image into meaningful regions with respect to particular application. Image segmentation is typically used to locate objects and boundaries (lines, curves, etc.) in images. Previously Adaptive Fuzzy-K-Means (AFKM) clustering for image segmentation which could be applied on general images and/or specific images. The FCM segments images based on the membership value and objective function used in it. Both of these methods work well for images with vast variations in its Pixel values but fails for pixels with slight variations. In order to overcome the disadvantages of various segmentation processes a new method of unsupervised segmentation is proposed using ROR (Robust Outlyingness Ratio). The advantages of proposed method accuracy is more, time is less and the number of iterations always being one.
Design and energy-efficient architectures for nonvolatile static random access memory using magnetic tunnel junctions

Design methodology for nonvolatile SRAM (NV-SRAM) using magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) and architectures for improving its energy efficiency are investigated. The cell is comprised of an ordinary 6T-SRAM cell and MTJs connected to its storage nodes through additional pass transistors that enable it to electrically separate the MTJs from the 6T cell part during the normal SRAM operation mode. From the viewpoints of the stabilities (noise margins) of all the operation modes and the store currents to the MTJs with careful consideration for device process variability, the design methodology is developed. The energy efficiency is dramatically enhanced by reducing leakage currents during the normal SRAM operation and shutdown modes and by optimizing store energy to the MTJs. A newly introduced hierarchical store-free (HSF) architecture is also highly effective at improving the energy efficiency. The energy performance is computationally analyzed and experimentally verified using circuit parameters extracted from fabricated test-element-group circuits of the NV-SRAM.
The $3 \times 3$ lemma in the $\Sigma$-Mal’tsev and $\Sigma$-protomodular settings: Applications to monoids and quandles

We investigate what is remaining of the 3x3 lemma and of the denormalized 3x3 lemma, respectively valid in a pointed protomodular and in a Maltsev category, in the context of partial pointed protomodular and partial Maltsev categories, relatively to a class ${\Sigma}$ of points. The results apply, among other structures, to monoids, semirings and quandles
Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Local Cultivar of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) in East of Turkey

Apples, rich in phenolic compounds, are widely grown in abundance and consumed as fruit which reduces the risk of many illnesses. In this study, physico-chemical properties old apple cultivars from east of Turkey were investigated. Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of freeze dried fresh apple varieties (fruit, pulp and peel) were analysed by using the HPLC method. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of samples was also found in 25.00-11.63 mg GAE/g DW and 49.86-86.12 Âµmol TE/g DW. The highest antioxidant activity was identified in the peel of the Kara Sakı apple whereas the lowest was identified in the pulp of Ak Sakı. Varieties of apple differ significantly in terms of ferulic acid and hidroxycinnamic acid. (-)-Epicatechin was found in the peel of Kara Sakı apple at the very most and p- coumaric acid was found in the pulp of Kara Sakı at the very least. Hidroxycinnamic acid was identified only in the peel. It is approved to these cultivars show unique long shelf life (unusual for apples) without any storage condition due to the significantly presence of ferulic acid.
Efficient computation of spectral moments for determination of random response statistics

This paper will first review the use of temporal spectral moments, and then propose an efficient running sum technique to determine the spectral moments frequency by frequency. Combining this summation process with modal superposition techniques allow a significant reduction in input and output file sizes and computational time. The proposed technique uses finite element analysis (FEA) to generate modal vectors that are post processed using mode superposition techniques to calculate the power spectral density (PSD) moments, eliminating the need to form PSD response functions. This requires storage of only the modal response and force vectors and the running sum of the PSD moments. Once the moments of the PSD are determined, the random response statistic calculations are a straightforward problem. Two example problems are given: a simple cantilever beam and a detailed optical telescope. These examples show how different problems can be solved using the proposed technique.
Effect of using germinated fenugreek on the quality of ice milk

The present work was assessed to study the effect of supplementing ice milk with germinated Fenugreek blended in permeate (GFBP) on its quality. Ice milk mix was supplemented with GFBP at ratios 0, 2, 4, and 6 %. Changes in the physical and chemical properties of ice milk were investigated . The results indicated that increasing the ratio of GFBP in ice milk caused a gradual increase in viscosity and overrun, while values of pH, specific gravity, weight per gallon, freezing point and melting resistance were gradually decreased. Also, the supplementation with GFBP raised the total solids, protein, crude fiber, volatile fatty acids and caloric values. Amino acids content showed that ice milk supplemented with GFBP contained most amino acids at higher concentration than the control. Moreover, GFBP highly increased the level of vitamins (α- tocopherol, B 3 , B 6 , B 9 and B 13 ) and minerals (Ca, P, Fe, Mg &Zn) of ice milk compared with the control. Sensory evaluation revealed that ice milk supplemented with GFBP at ratios 2 and 4 % were highly accepted and gained more scores. It could be concluded that using GFBP in making ice milk is a good source for vitamins and minerals which improved the nutritional and functional values of the product.
rates in primary spontaneous pneumothorax: A systematic meta-analysis.

Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP) recurrence rates vary widely in the published literature, with limited data describing the factors that influence recurrence. The aims of this systematic review were to determine an estimation of PSP recurrence rates and describe risk factors for recurrence. A systematic review was conducted of all studies reporting PSP recurrence. Electronic searches were performed to identify English language publications of randomised trials and observational studies. The population was adults with PSP, who underwent conservative management, pleural aspiration or chest drainage. The outcome of interest was recurrence. Articles were screened, and data extracted from eligible studies by two reviewers. Of 3607 identified studies, 29 were eligible for inclusion, comprising 13,548 patients. Pooled 1-year and overall recurrence rates were 29.0%(95% CI 20.9% to 37.0%) and 32.1%(95% CI 27.0% to 37.2%) respectively. Female gender was associated with increased recurrence, OR 3.0(95% CI 1.24 to 7.41), whilst smoking cessation was associated with fourfold decrease in risk, OR 0.26(95% CI 0.10 to 0.63). I 2 for random effects meta-analysis was 94%(p<0.0001) reflecting high heterogeneity between studies. This systematic review demonstrates a 32% PSP recurrence rate, with greatest risk in the first year. Female gender was associated with higher risk, suggesting possible gender-specific pathophysiology.
Isoform-specific Binding of Apolipoprotein E to p-Amyloid*

Apolipoprotein E (apoE), particularly the e4 allele, is genetically linked to the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. ApoE is present in the extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles associated with Alzheimer’s disease. In vitro, apoE has been shown to bind P-amyloid (AP), an amyloidogenic proteolytic product of amyloid precursor protein. To analyze the interaction of AP and apoE, we used Western immuno- blotting of humanAP-(l40)-peptide incubated with conditioned medium from HEK-293 cells transfected with either human apoE3 or apoE4 (products of the e3 and e4 alleles, respectively) cDNA Nonreducing SDS-polyac- rylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of an -45-kDa complex with both AP and apoE immunoreac- tivity. The level of the apoE3.AP complex was -20-fold greater than that of the apoE4-AP complex. This apoE isoform-specific binding pattern was maintained from pH 5.0 to 9.0, from 2 min to 24 h of peptide incubation, and at concentrations of apoE from 5 to 100 &ml and of AB from 10 p~ to 1 m ~ . The higher level of apoE3 binding to AP is in contrast to previously published data
AN UNSUPERVISED HEADER INDEPENDENT APPROACH TOWARDS SUBJECT COLUMN DETECTION IN TABLES

Subject columns are the important columns that help infer the correct subject matter of the table. The main challenging problem is detecting appropriate subject columns in tables with more than the same. Existing approaches restricted to identification of only one subject column in tables with more than one subject column. With this, it is not possible to infer the correct subject matter of the table. In case of subject column detection, the existing approaches requires table information such as table headers, additional evidences about the table from web pages and also training in prior with a labeled set of tables. To solve these issues, in this paper, we proposed a simple header independent semantic based Concept-Voting Subject Column Detection (CVSCD) algorithm. The proposed algorithm identifies possible subject columns in table with more than one subject column, which provides a way to infer table’s correct subject matter. Moreover, CVSCD is unsupervised and works for tables without any table information such as table caption, table headers etc. Experimental results have shown that our approach achieved better accuracy compared to the existing approaches on a corpus of tables extracted from web.
Supplementary Material for ‘ Matching Using Sufficient Dimension Reduction for Causal Inference ’ A Order determination

As mentioned in the main text, we use the ladle estimator proposed in Luo and Li (2016) to determine the dimensions of the central subspaces. As an illustration, we consider the central subspace SY (0)|X in the control group, and denote its dimension by d for simplicity of notation. Under the linearity condition (7) in the main text, the column space of matrixvalued parameter M0 defined in Step 1 of the implementation procedure of the proposed method is identical to SY (0)|X, so d can be equivalently treated as the rank of M0. The ladle estimator uses the information contained in both the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of M̂0 about the rank of M0. It constructs an objective function, which we denote by g(·), of the candidate rank k ranged from 0 to p − 1. The function is a summation of two parts, fn(k), the bootstrap variation of the linear space spanned by the first k eigenvectors of M̂0, and φn(k) = λ̂k+1/(1 + ∑p i=1 λ̂i), where λ̂i denotes the ith largest eigenvalue of M̂0. For a working dimension k, if k > d, then the space spanned by the first k eigenvectors of M̂0 always contains some direction that falls in the null space of M0 at the population level. Under some general regularity conditions, this direction will be arbitrarily selected from the null space of M0 asymptotically, leading to a large variation of the space spanned by the first k eigenvectors of M̂0. Using bootstrap resampling and applying M̂0 on each bootstrap sample, fn(·), the bootstrap variation of the k-dimensional spaces, mimics the variation in the full-sample level and has a large value. When k = d, the space spanned by the first k eigenvectors of M̂0 consistently estimates SY (0)|X, so it has a small variation. Thus fn(d) is small. On the other hand, λ̂k conveys the scree plot, which means φn(k) is large if k < d and small otherwise. Consequently, g(k) = fn(k) + φn(k) is large when k < d due to
Guided Inquiry-based Lab Activities Improve Students’ Recall and Application of Material Properties Compared with Structured Inquiry

Prior research suggests that lab courses taught by following traditional, recipe-based instructions may lead to suboptimal learning outcomes when compared to inquiry-based procedures where the students must think for themselves. However, the relative impacts of different forms of inquiry-based learning are unclear. In an attempt to extend the current research, we measured student learning in a materials lab course that taught labs in two different ways. Our main objective was to test whether implementing structured or guided inquiry-based learning methods, would lead to better learning outcomes. Two inquiry-based learning methods were implemented in a junior-level, civil engineering materials lab course that featured three independent labs based on the materials of concrete, wood, and masonry. The concrete and wood labs were taught using a structured inquiry-based approach known as predict-observe-explain or POE. Students predicted the outcome of a lab exercise before following a standard, recipe-based lab protocol provided by the instructor. Afterwards, students evaluated their predictions by explaining observed data and underlying concepts of material properties. In contrast, the masonry lab was taught using a guided inquiry-based approach. Students were given an authentic engineering question: is the design of a masonry building for which they were given drawings feasible? To answer the question, they needed to decide which material properties were important and identify the experimental methods necessary to determine those properties. Because the activities related to guided inquiry were new to the students, the activities were broken into scaffolded tasks and questions. Students were assessed on all labs via a final exam at the end of the semester, allowing for a within-subjects comparison of student learning using both instructional approaches. Analysis of the data showed a significant difference in student learning for the content related to the guided inquiry-based lab compared to the content from the two structured inquiry-based labs. Relative to content from the two structured inquiry-based labs, students exhibited an 11% gain, over a full letter grade, in learning on content related to the inquiry-based lab (Cohen’s d = .86). This gain was consistent across recall- and application-based exam items. Design of inquiry-based methods can significant time and preparation. Student method inquiry-based labs using guided inquiry approaches and will be continuing to collect data to
Properties of polyamide-6 composites using a low-cost thermoplastic resin transfer moulding system

Glass-fibre/Polyamide-6 (GF/PA-6) composite laminates were manufactured using a bespoke, lowcost thermoplastic resin transfer molding (T-RTM) system. Instead of injecting melted fully prepolymerized PA-6, monomer precursor materials with viscosities ~10mPa.s were injected into a glassfibre fabric contained between heated platens of a press and polymerisation occurred in-situ within several minutes. Due to the extremely low viscosity of the monomer, composites with fibre volume fractions ~53% with excellent wet-out were produced at a pressure of approximately 4 bar, negating the need for expensive high pressure injection. In this study, the interfacial adhesion of the composite was further improved by using specialized fibre sizings containing one of the chemical reactants such that polymer growth was initiated from the fibre surface. The improved interfacial adhesion resulted in a significant increase in both strength and modulus of the composites in flexure. Fracture surfaces of the failed flexural samples were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which showed clear signs of improved fibre-matrix interfacial bonding. The void distribution in the laminates was studied using computerised tomography (CT) scans while the fibre volume fraction was determined using burnoff.
When self-organization and urban governance intersect: Two cases from Helsinki

We have conducted long-term action research on CI-assisted participatory planning and community development in the Herttoniemi neighbourhood (pop. 550.000) of Helsinki for almost a decade (Horelli, 2013; 2012; Wallin et al., 2010). Since the longitudinal study comprised three consecutive subprojects, we will narrate the results chronologically. The first project was called “ARJA, the Management of Everyday Life”, the second “Ubiquitous Helsinki”, and the third, “Participatory Local Community as an Issue of Time Planning” (more details in Horelli, 2013).