Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Triple-Path Spectral–Spatial Network With Interleave-Attention for Hyperspectral Image Classification

To exploit hyperspectral image's (HSI) spectral–spatial information and reduce network complexity, a triple-path convolution neural network with an interleave-attention mechanism is constructed for high-precision classification. A hybrid branch is proposed to capture joint features, which are later utilized as complementary information for purely spectral and spatial features. Furthermore, the interleave-attention mechanism is elaborately designed to increase the interaction of data from spectral, spatial, and joint branches as they propagate through the network for feature integration. Meanwhile, two attention modules are adopted in the corresponding branch to optimize extracted features for better feature representation. We utilize several real HSI datasets to evaluate network performance, which demonstrates that the proposed triple-path network can obtain very satisfactory performance with fewer parameters and low computational complexity.
Efficient Propagation Modeling for Communication Channels With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces

We present a hybrid numerical method that combines full-wave analysis with ray-tracing to efficiently model propagation in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-enabled communication channels. Full-wave simulation is used to obtain the radiation pattern of the transmitter and the complex radar cross section (RCS) of the RIS. Then, the RIS is imported into a ray-tracer as a secondary transmitter. That enables the modeling of the interaction of the RIS with complex environments. We present the formulation of the proposed technique and its validation against full-wave (finite element) results in representative scenarios of indoor propagation in the presence of an RIS.
Synthesis of a Novel Nanoparticle BaCoO2.6 through Sol-Gel Method and Elucidation of Its Structure and Electrical Properties

The physical properties of cobalt oxide with varied oxidation states, and coordination numbers, in the transition series, have numerous applications. The present study explores the physical properties of BaCoO2.6 nanoparticles synthesized through the sol-gel method. The X-ray diffraction figure exhibits a 25 nm crystallite size hexagonal phase. The observational data shows the reduction in the real part of impedance ( Z ’ ), dielectric constant ( ξ ’ ), dielectric loss ( ξ ” ), and a raise in ac conductivity of mixed type of conduction with an elevation in frequency analyzed through impedance spectroscopy. The conductivity due to grain and grain boundaries is shown foremost in the complex impedance analysis. The plot of ∆ V / ∆ T (Seebeck coefficient) in the low-temperature range indicates p-type behavior and the metal-insulator transition in the as-synthesized sample. The sample characteristics suggest applications in optical and switching devices. The Seebeck coefficient is the generation of potential difference when subjected to temperature difference. Thermoelectric materials are associated with the concept of high electrical conductivity like crystals and low thermal conductivity to that of glass. Nanothermoelectric materials can decrease further the thermal conductivity through phonon scattering. Electrical characterization suggests the presence of both NTCR and PTCR behavior in the sample, and hence, it explores the application in thermistor/resistance temperature detector’s (RTD) and low dielectric constant and loss to electro-optical and higher conversion efficiency to storage devices. Additionally, impedance spectroscopy helps in the study of electrochemical systems and solid-state devices wherein the transition of metal-insulator is an add-on to the research.
Deep Learning Techniques to Detect Botnet

Abstract— Over the past time, the world has witnessed an unprecedented explosion of Deep Learning. Besides thedevelopment of Information Technology, security and safety threats are also increasing, one of which is the Botnet network. Botnet network is increasingly complex and difficult to detect, and traditional techniques are no longer effective, so one of the urgent problems today is to find an effective solution to detecting botnets [2]. Based on the characteristics of deep learning such as scalability, performance, execution time, interpretability, etc., therefore, in this paper, the author proposes to use deep learning techniques to detect Botnet networks. Tóm tắt— Thời gian qua, thế giới chứng kiến sự bùng nổ một cách mạnh mẽ chưa từng có của Deep Learning. Bên cạnh sự phát triển của Công nghệ thông tin, các mối đe doạ về an ninh, an toàn cũng ngày càng tăng lên, một trong những mối đe doạ đó chính là mạng Botnet. Mạng Botnet ngày càng phức tạp và khó phát hiện, các kỹ thuật truyền thống không còn phát huy được nhiều tác dụng, vì vậy một trong những vấn đề cấp thiết hiện nay đó là tìm ra được một giải pháp thật hiệu quả trong phát hiện mạng Botnet [2]. Dựa trên những đặc điểm của học sâu như: khả năng mở rộng hiệu suất, thời gian thực hiện, khả năng diễn giải… do đó, trong bài báo này, tác giả đề xuất sử dụng kỹ thuật học sâu để phát hiện mạng Botnet.
Research on the Coupling Mechanism of the Trade Union and Human Resource Management in China

With the reform of trade unions in China, there has been a noticeable interaction in recent years between trade unions and human resource management in the workplace. However, we do not have a proper concept to describe such a phenomenon. Therefore, based on reviewing the current literature involving trade unions and human resource management in China, this study aims to describe the interactive relation between union's practices and enterprises' human resource management by exploring the definition, characteristics, and formation mechanism. This study defines the relationship between the trade unions and human resource management as a coupling relationship where the trade unions and human resource management continually promote and restrain each other as two relatively independent systems in the enterprise. This relationship possesses three dual characteristics, namely reciprocity vs. restraint, integrity vs. independence, and stability vs. dynamism. And there are three sequential stages for trade unions and human resource management to form such a relation, interaction, consensus, and adjustment. This study provides further insight into the relationship between trade unions and human resource management in the workplace and attempts a proximately complete description of the relationship. The study also offers a direction for trade unions and enterprises to establish high-quality cooperation with each other which is mutually beneficial for enterprises' development and employees' wellbeing.
Reading the Forum on China–Africa Cooperation (2000-2021): geoeconomics, governance, and embedding ‘creative involvement’

ABSTRACT How China can promote its overseas commercial and strategic interests and protect its citizens and investments while continuing to adhere to a longstanding commitment to non-interference is a subject of intense policy and academic debate. A notion of ‘creative involvement’ has been developed to specify an increasingly flexible and pragmatic approach to projecting and managing China’s expanding global interests. In this research a close reading of the Declarations and Action Plans of the Forum on China–Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) over the period 2000–21 reveals specific degrees and types of embedding of Chinese involvement in Africa’s complex political economic landscape and an evolving reorientation of development cooperation policy practices shaped by growing concerns with African economic policy and local governance issues.
The Roles of Worry, Social Media Information Overload, and Social Media Fatigue in Hindering Health Fact-Checking

Health misinformation has become a salient issue on social media. To lower the risk of health misinformation, fact-checking matters. However, most existing studies investigated fact-checking from the journalism angle, while little is known about how information-seekers’ social media use affects their fact-checking behaviors. Also, it remains unclear how individuals’ health worry is associated with health fact-checking. Based on the O-S-O-R model, this study explored the underlying mechanism through which health worry and social media might hinder users’ fact-checking. Specifically, with a two-wave panel survey conducted in China during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study showed that individuals’ worry about COVID-19 increased social media information overload, which resulted in social media fatigue that could reduce health fact-checking. Also, the direct relationship between worry and fact-checking was not significant, but was completely mediated by social media information overload and social media fatigue. The findings demonstrate the negative roles of worry and social media in inhibiting users’ fact-checking behaviors. Important theoretical and practical implications for promoting effective fact-checking are discussed.
Things to Gain, Things to Lose: Perceived Costs and Benefits of Children and Intention to Remain Childless in Poland

A rapid fertility decline observed in Poland since the 1990s has been accompanied by a marked increase in childlessness. This may seem surprising given the high value placed on parenthood in the country. Some evidence exists on how childlessness in Poland relates to biological and situational constraints, but still relatively little is known about how the decision to never have children is made, especially among men. This article contributes to this literature by analysing how the perceived positive and negative consequences of parenthood affect the reproductive intentions of childless women and men of different socioeconomic characteristics in Poland. Using a subsample of childless respondents extracted from the second wave of the Polish Generation and Gender Survey, we examine the interplay between (a) the intention to remain childless, (b) the perceived costs and benefits of having children, included as a unique set of questions in the Polish Generation and Gender Survey (GGS), and (c) respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics (education, employment, household financial situation, and the size of the place of residence). The results suggest that among women both costs and benefits strongly affect the likelihood of intending to remain childless, whereas among men only the benefits matter. While the effects do not depend on any of the socioeconomic characteristics, the probability of not intending to have a child does vary by some of them. Our results indicate the pattern of fertility polarisation already seen in some low‐fertility countries: for the disadvantaged segment of the population, it is increasingly difficult to become parents.
Physiotherapy lecturers’ perceptions of online curriculum delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract Purpose To establish UK Physiotherapy lecturers’ perceptions of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods A cross-sectional mixed methods electronic survey of UK higher education lecturers, actively teaching pre-registration undergraduate or postgraduate physiotherapy degrees, was conducted between October 2020 and February 2021. Data was converted into proportions with a 95% confidence interval. Likert scale questions were treated as numeric variables with the mean and standard deviation calculated for combined responses. The thematic analysis reported patterns of data extracted from open-ended questions. Results 96 respondents completed the survey, reporting some positive attributes attached to online learning. 81% (n = 78, 95% CI 72–88) agreed that students developed their digital skills and were able to learn conveniently at their own pace (n = 75, 78%, 95% CI 69–85). However, 62.5% (n = 60, 95% CI 23–72) of respondents felt that students were overall disadvantaged with online learning, with 72% (n = 69, 95% CI 62–80) reporting that online learning was not comparable to face-to-face to teaching. The reasons for perceived student disadvantage were categorised into three themes; 1) a lack of ability in sessions to practice handling techniques, 2) the inability to gauge student understanding and check practical skill competence and 3) the lack of student self-directed practice time. UK physiotherapy lecturers did indicate they would continue to incorporate online learning in the future (n = 84, 87.5%, 95% CI 79–93). Such responses were based on two key themes; an improved work-life balance and the perception that online learning was no more challenging than traditional on-campus delivery. Conclusions UK physiotherapy lecturers reported that students were disadvantaged with online learning delivery compared to face-to-face teaching. Lecturers indicated a willingness to continue with aspects of online learning across the curriculum, despite suggesting it had a negative impact on students subject understanding.
Higher Adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated With Severity of COVID-19 and Related Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Aims Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with a decreased risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases that are comorbidities in COVID-19 patients. However, its association to the severity and symptoms of COVID-19 are still unknown. This study aimed to examine the association between adherence to the MD pattern and COVID-19 severity and symptoms in Iranian hospitalized patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 250 COVID-19 patients aged 18 to 65 were examined. We employed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to obtain data on dietary intake of participants in the year prior to their COVID-19 diagnosis. COVID-19 severity was determined using the National Institutes of Health's Coronavirus Disease 2019 report. Additionally, symptoms associated with COVID-19, inflammatory markers, and other variables were evaluated. The scoring method proposed by Trichopoulou et al. was used to assess adherence to the MD. Results The participants' mean age was 44.1 ± 12.1 years, and 46% of them had severe COVID-19. Patients who adhered more closely to the MD had lower serum C-reactive protein levels (7.80 vs. 37.36 mg/l) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (14.08 vs. 42.65 mm/h). Those with the highest MD score were 77% less likely to have severe COVID-19 after controlling for confounding variables. The MD score was also found to be inversely associated with COVID-19 symptoms, including dyspnea, cough, fever, chills, weakness, myalgia, nausea and vomiting, and sore throat. Conclusion Higher adherence to the MD was associated with a decreased likelihood of COVID-19 severity and symptoms, as well as a shorter duration of hospitalization and convalescence, and inflammatory biomarkers.
The Protective Effects of Influenza Vaccination in Elderly Patients with Breast Cancer in Taiwan: A Real-World Evidence-Based Study

In elderly patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer, clarity is lacking regarding the effects of influenza vaccines, particularly on clinical outcomes. This study conducted two nationwide, population-based, and propensity score-matched cohorts to estimate and compare the protective effects of influenza vaccine in elderly women and elderly patients with breast cancer. Data were derived from the National Health Insurance Research Database and Cancer Registry Database. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to compare outcomes between the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were used to estimate the relative risks, and stratified analyses in the breast cancer cohort were performed to further evaluate elderly breast cancer patients undergoing a variety of adjuvant therapies. The GEE analysis showed that the aORs of death and hospitalization, including for influenza and pneumonia, respiratory diseases, respiratory failure, and heart disease, did not significantly decrease in vaccinated elderly patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Conversely, the aORs of all influenza-related clinical outcomes were significantly decreased in elderly women. No protective effects of influenza vaccination were found in the elderly patients with a newly diagnosed breast cancer. More studies focusing on identifying strategies to improve the real-world effectiveness of influenza vaccination to the immunocompromised are needed. Our clinical outcomes will be valuable for future public health policy establishment and shared decision making for influenza vaccine use in elderly patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. According to our findings, regular influenza vaccine administration for elderly patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer may be reconsidered, with potential contraindications for vaccination. On the other hand, implementing the vaccination of close contacts of patients with breast cancer may be a more important strategy for enhancing protection of those fragile patients.
Compritol-Based Nanostrucutured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) for Augmentation of Zolmitriptan Bioavailability via the Transdermal Route: In Vitro Optimization, Ex Vivo Permeation, In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Study

Migraine is a severe neurovascular disease manifested mainly as unilateral throbbing headaches. Triptans are agonists for serotonin receptors. Zolmitriptan (ZMP) is a biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class III medication with an absolute oral bioavailability of less than 40%. As a result, our research intended to increase ZMP bioavailability by developing transdermal nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). NLCs were prepared utilizing a combination of hot melt emulsification and high-speed stirring in a 32 full factorial design. The studied variables were liquid lipid type (X1) and surfactant type (X2). The developed NLCs were evaluated in terms of particle size (Y1, nm), polydispersity index (Y2, PDI), zeta potential (Y3, mV), entrapment efficacy (Y4, %) and amount released after 6 h (Q6h, Y5, %). At 1% Mygliol as liquid lipid component and 1% Span 20 as surfactant, the optimized formula (NLC9) showed a minimum particle size (138 ± 7.07 nm), minimum polydispersity index (0.39 ± 0.001), acceptable zeta potential (−22.1 ± 0.80), maximum entrapment efficiency (73 ± 0.10%) and maximum amount released after 6 h (83.22 ± 0.10%). The optimized formula was then incorporated into gel preparation (HPMC) to improve the system stability and ease of application. Then, the pharmacokinetic study was conducted on rabbits in a cross-over design. The calculated parameters showed a higher area under the curve (AUC0–24, AUC0–∞ (ng·h/mL)) of the developed ZMP-NLCs loaded gel, with a 1.76-fold increase in bioavailability in comparison to the orally administered marketed product (Zomig®). A histopathological examination revealed the safety of the developed nanoparticles. The declared results highlight the potential of utilizing the proposed NLCs for the transdermal delivery of ZMP to improve the drug bioavailability.
Effect of uncertainty in sorbent characteristic on techno‐economic feasibility of carbonate looping for decarbonisation of coal‐fired power plant

Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) technologies are forecasted to significantly contribute to the decarbonisation of the power sector. Chemical solvent scrubbing is now considered the most mature CCUS technology. Yet, its integration with fossil fuel power plants is forecasted to reduce the net efficiency of the entire process by at least 7% points, resulting in the avoided CO2 cost of 35 to 75 €/tCO2. Carbonate looping (CaL) has been demonstrated to be an emerging technology for decarbonisation of the power sector with lower efficiency (>5% points) and economic penalties (10‐30 €/tCO2). The key challenge that may influence the viability of CaL is the decay in the sorbent CO2 uptake. Such a deterioration in sorbent performance is usually accounted for in the techno‐economic assessments via semi‐empirical correlations. Yet, such correlations include fitting parameters based on experimental data that is, in turn, associated with ±20% measurement error. This study employed a stochastic approach to quantify the impact of such uncertainty in the sorbent characteristics on the techno‐economic performance of a 580 MWel coal‐fired power plant with CaL retrofit. The stochastic assessment showed that the most likely figures for the efficiency penalty would fall between 7.7 and 8.7% points, with a median of 8.08% points. Such a figure was higher than the one determined using the deterministic approach (7.85% points). Moreover, the estimated CO2 avoided cost was between 29.74 and 46.50 €/tCO2, with a median of 35.94 €/tCO2. Such a figure was higher than that obtained in the deterministic assessment (32.40 €/tCO2). It implied that the economic assessment using the deterministic approach could underestimate the costs associated with the CaL retrofits. This study, therefore, revealed that the uncertainty in the sorbent characteristics would influence the techno‐economic viability of the CaL retrofits.
Therapeutic aptamer targeting sclerostin loop3 for promoting bone formation without increasing cardiovascular risk in osteogenesis imperfecta mice

Rationale: Sclerostin inhibition demonstrated bone anabolic potential in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) mice, whereas humanized therapeutic sclerostin antibody romosozumab for postmenopausal osteoporosis imposed clinically severe cardiac ischemic events. Therefore, it is desirable to develop the next generation sclerostin inhibitors to promote bone formation without increasing cardiovascular risk for OI. Methods and Results: Our data showed that sclerostin suppressed inflammatory responses, prevented aortic aneurysm (AA) and atherosclerosis progression in hSOSTki.Col1a2+/G610C.ApoE-/- mice. Either loop2&3 deficiency or inhibition attenuated sclerostin's suppressive effects on expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in vitro, whilst loop3 deficiency maintained the protective effect of sclerostin on cardiovascular system both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, loop3 was critical for sclerostin's antagonistic effect on bone formation in Col1a2+/G610C mice. Accordingly, a sclerostin loop3-specific aptamer aptscl56 was identified by our lab. It could recognize both recombinant sclerostin and sclerostin in the serum of OI patients via targeting loop3. PEG40k conjugated aptscl56 (Apc001PE) demonstrated to promote bone formation, increase bone mass and improve bone microarchitecture integrity in Col1a2+/G610C mice via targeting loop3, while did not show influence in inflammatory response, AA and atherosclerosis progression in Col1a2+/G610C.ApoE-/- mice with Angiotensin II infusion. Further, Apc001PE had no influence in the protective effect of sclerostin on cardiovascular system in hSOSTki.Col1a2+/G610C.ApoE-/- mice, while it inhibited the antagonistic effect of sclerostin on bone formation in hSOSTki.Col1a2+/G610C mice via targeting loop3. Apc001PE was non-toxic to healthy rodents, even at ultrahigh dose. Apc001PE for OI was granted orphan drug designation by US-FDA in 2019 (DRU-2019-6966). Conclusion: Sclerostin loop3-specific aptamer Apc001PE promoted bone formation without increasing cardiovascular risk in OI mice.