Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF β-D-GALACTOSIDASE RAPID ENZYME ASSAY USING ESCHERICHIA COLI ATCC 8739

The bacterial enzyme, β-D-galactosidase, catalyzes the breakdown of the complex sugar lactose into its components galactose and glucosesimple sugars. The glycolysis of lactose by β-D-galactosidase is a point of attack for studies of the biochemical problem in disaccharide utilization and the genetic basis of enzyme constitution β-D galactosidase. The aim of the present study was to focus on optimization of a rapid enumeration method based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactoside (MUGal) for toxicity test using Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 8739 as a model. This rapid assay is based on the assumption that β-D-galactosidase is one marker for E. coli ATCC 8739. The enzymatic activity of E. coli ATCC 8739 was measured in a 25-minute assay. The effects of pH, temperature, nutrition, and substrate concentrations on enzyme activity were investigated. The enzyme β-D-galactosidase was shown to be induced with the inducer isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The high level of production of β-Dgalactosidase was found at bacteria incubated in tryptic soy broth without dextrose with IPTG. The optimum pH and temperature for β-D-galactosidase activity of E. coli ATCC 8739 was found to be 6.8 and 44.5 C, respectively. The enzyme activity detected increased when raising the concentrations of the substrate (MUGal). The good linear correlation between logarithms of enzyme activities and CFU showed following supported the use of this method for toxicity experiments. Enzymatic methods and reference plate counts were significantly correlated. This method is sensitive, simple to perform and can be used as an alternative for traditional methods in detecting cell viability.
Expression of the gene for anti-M\l=u"\llerian hormone

Summary. The expression of anti-M\l=u"\llerian hormone, also called M\l=u"\llerian-inhibiting substance or factor, is limited to immature Sertoli and post-natal granulosa cells. To gain information on the genetic mechanisms of this tissue- and development-specific regulation, a human genomic clone containing 3\m=. \6kilobases of 5' flanking sequences has been isolated and sequenced. Transcription initiation sites include a major site, at the same position as in the bovine gene, and 3 minor sites, accounting together for 12% of transcripts. Sequences of potential interest include an Spl binding site, minisatellite\x=req-\ like regions, and a 13-base pair palindrome, nearly identical to the oestrogen response element of the vitellogenin genes. This palindrome binds to the human oestrogen receptor in vitro and activates transcription of a hybrid gene when several copies are inserted 5' of a thymidine kinase promoter. Further studies are needed to determine whether this palindrome is implicated in a feed-back loop regulating oestrogen synthesis in granulosa cells.
First passage time law for some jump-diffusion processes : existence of a density

Let (Xt, t >= 0) be a diffusion process with jumps, sum of a Brownian motion with drift and a compound Poisson process. We consider T_x the first hitting time of a fixed level x > 0 by (Xt, t >= 0). We prove that the law of T_x has a density (defective when E(X1) < 0) with respect to the Lebesgue measure.
Summertime surface PM 1 aerosol composition and size by source region at the Lampedusa island in the central Mediterranean Sea

Measurements of aerosol composition and size distributions were taken during the summer of 2013 at the remote island of Lampedusa in the southern central Mediterranean Sea. These measurements were part of the ChArMEx/ADRIMED were comparable to those observed in coastal cities and sites closer to continental Europe. Cleaner conditions cor-responded to higher wind speeds. Nucleation and growth of new aerosol particles was observed during periods of north-westerly winds. From a climatology analysis from 1999 to 2012, these periods were much more prevalent during the measurement campaign than during the preceding 13 years. These results support previous ﬁndings that highlight the importance of different large-scale synoptic conditions in deter-mining the regional and local aerosol composition and oxidation and also suggest that a non-polluted surface atmosphere over the Mediterranean is rare.
Transforming growth factor 181 null mutation in mice causes excessive inflammatory response and early death (homologous recombination/embryonc stem cells/in

To delineate specific developmental roles of transforming growth factor fPI (TGF-P1) we have disrupted its cognate gene in mouse embryonic stem cells by homologous recombination to generate TGF-fi null mice. These mice do not produce detectable amounts of either TGF-P1 RNA or protein. After normal growth for the first 2 weeks they develop a rapid wasting syndrome and die by 3-4 weeks of age. Pathological examination revealed an excessive infmmatory response with massive infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages in many organs, but primarily in heart and lungs. Many lesions resembled those found in autoimmune disorders, graft-vs.-host disease, or certain viral diseases. This phenotype suggests a prominent role for TGF-PI in homeostatic regulation of immune cell proliferation and extravasation into tissues.
The Inter-Session Reliability of Isometric Force-Time Variables and the Effects of Filtering and Starting Force

Abstract The purposes of the present study were to assess the inter-session reliability of force-time variables recorded during isometric back squats and also to assess the effects of applying a filter to the data prior to analysis and assess the effects of different starting force thresholds on the force-time variables. Eleven resistance trained men (age: 22.5 ± 1.9 years; body mass: 90.3 ± 13.5 kg) attended two sessions where they performed isometric squats on force plates allowing the determination of force-time variables of maximal isometric force (Fmax) and different measures of the rate of force development (RFD). The force-time variables were calculated from both raw and filtered force signals. The start of the force application was determined using force thresholds of 1% or 5% of body mass (BM). Inter-session reliability for the force-time measures was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV) of the measures. The ICC and CV ranged from 0.03 to 0.96 and 4.6 to 168%, respectively. The application of the filter significantly reduced Fmax and peak RFD (p < 0.004) and increased the reliability of the peak RFD. The use of the 5% BM threshold increased the magnitude of many of the RFD measures (p < 0.004) and resulted in slight improvements in the reliability of these measures although the resulting temporal shift in the force-time signal would preclude accurate assessment of the early phase of the RFD (< 100 ms). The use of a 1% BM starting force threshold without a filter is recommended when using the isometric back squat protocol presented here. Furthermore, the RFD calculated within specific time intervals is recommended
On the silhouette of binary search trees

A zero-one sequence describes a path through a rooted directed binary tree $T$; it also encodes a real number in $[0,1]$. We regard the level of the external node of $T$ along the path as a function on the unit interval, the silhouette of $T$. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the resulting stochastic processes for sequences of trees that are generated by the binary search tree algorithm.
Differential gene expression in the brain of in response to exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

15 Effects of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on Sebastiscus marmoratus were 16 investigated using a suppression subtractive hybridization method. A total of 108 gene 17 sequences were identified as having the potential for being differentially expressed, and 45 18 could be identified with homologous database sequences. Functions with which they were 19 associated included long-term potentiation and neurotransmitter release, neuroendocrine, 20 mitosis and cell proliferation, energy-related metabolism, general metabolism, signal 21 protein, hemopoiesis system, immune system, and structure. The expression of 17 of these 22 genes was analyzed in the brain using real time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The present 23 study provided a basis for studying the response of fish to PCB exposure and allowed the 24 characterization of new potential neurotoxicol biomarkers of PCB contamination in 25 seawater. 26
GIDA THE JOURNAL OF FOOD THE EFFECT OF MILK POWDER ADDITION ON THE PROPERTIES OF BREAD QUALITY AND FUNCTIONALITY *

The effect of addition on the properties of bread quality and ABSTRACT Functional foods have a potential impact on human health beyond basic nutrition. It also helps to reduce the risk of disease. In recent years, studies to increase the nutritional value of bread are gaining importance rapidly. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the changes in quality, antioxidant, and sensory properties of bread by adding milk powder to the traditional bread at levels of 2.5, 5, and 10%. The bread samples were prepared with a bread-making machine. TPC (total phenolic contents), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant powers), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,29-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and sensory analyzes were performed. As a result, a certain amount of milk powder additive had a positive effect on sensory properties. While the total phenolic content raised from 4.86 µg GAE/100g to 35.48 µg/100g; the levels of DPPH, FRAP and ABTS increased from 35.42, 39.17, 10.48 µM TEAC to 97.92, 61.11, 21.70 µM TEAC, respectively.
Evidence Based Care Journal Effect of Menstrual Hygiene Education Based on Peer and Small Group Teaching Methods on Hygiene Behaviors in Female Adolescents: A Comparative Clinical Trial

Menstrual hygiene education in adolescence is an important factor to prevent fertility problems. The present study aimed to compare the effect of menstrual hygiene education based on peer and small group teaching methods on hygiene behaviors in female adolescents. This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 90 high school students in 2018. Three high schools in Mashhad, Iran, were allocated to three groups by drawing lots. The peers and small groups were provided with educational content within a month and over four sessions, respectively. Moreover, the control group received routine education. The data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire before and after the intervention and analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) using the analysis of variance, as well as Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. According to the Kruskal-Wallis test, the three groups were homogeneous regarding age (P=0.12). Furthermore, the mean scores of hygiene behaviors in the intervention groups (after the intervention) were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.001) and higher in the peers than in the small groups (P<0.001). It is recommended to employ peer teaching on menstrual hygiene by health planners. on hygiene in from the of
Consumer Religiosity and Shopping Behaviour in Kuala Lumpur

There has been considerable research establishing a link between cultural and sub-cultural values, and aspects of consumer behaviour. However, religion as a sub-cultural element has received little attention from researchers. This study sought to examine the influence of religiosity on one aspect of consumer behaviour – shopping orientation. The research data was collected by means of a survey through personal interviews using a structured questionnaire. Out of 300 respondents targeted, 226 questionnaires were deemed usable for statistical analysis. The findings revealed that three shopping orientation factors, namely quality consciousness, impulsive shopping, and price consciousness were related to religiosity. It is suggested that religiosity should be included as a possible determinant of shopping orientations in consumer behaviour models.
Impact of problematic Facebook use, loneliness, and poor sleep quality on mental health

To examine the effects of problematic Facebook use, loneliness, and poor sleep quality on anxiety and depression in the Vietnamese, 354 Facebook users at a university in central Vietnam in a cross-sectional study design was used. Participants completed Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, UCLA loneliness scale version 3, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Linear regression analysis found that problematic Facebook use, loneliness, and poor sleep quality respectively explained 31.3% and 45.6% of the variance in anxiety and depression. Problematic Facebook use, loneliness, and poor sleep quality were associated with anxiety and depression. Interventions should focus on reducing loneliness, improving sleep quality, and treating problematic Facebook use.
Volume comparison via boundary distances

The main subject of this expository paper is a connection between Gromov's filling volumes and a boundary rigidity problem of determining a Riemannian metric in a compact domain by its boundary distance function. A fruitful approach is to represent Riemannian metrics by minimal surfaces in a Banach space and to prove rigidity by studying the equality case in a filling volume inequality. I discuss recent results obtained with this approach and related problems in Finsler geometry.
The decomposition of global conformal invariants II: The Fefferman-Graham ambient metric and the nature of the decomposition

This is the second in a series of papers where we prove a conjecture of Deser and Schwimmer regarding the algebraic structure of ``global conformal invariants''; these are defined to be conformally invariant integrals of geometric scalars. The conjecture asserts that the integrand of any such integral can be expressed as a linear combination of a local conformal invariant, a divergence and of the Chern-Gauss-Bonnet integrand. The present paper addresses the hardest challenge in this series: It shows how to {\it separate} the local conformal invariant from the divergence term in the integrand; we make full use of the Fefferman-Graham ambient metric to construct the necessary local conformal invariants, as well as all the author's prior work [1,2,3] to construct the necessary divergences. This result combined with [3] completes the proof of the conjecture, subject to establishing a purely algebraic result which is proven in [6,7,8].
Structure-Activity Studies of Methylnitrosourea Antitumor Agents with Reduced Murine Bone Marrow Toxicity1

SUMMARY Structure-activity studies were performed to compare the biological and chemical activities of five methylnitrosoureas, including four compounds with substitution of the 1-methyl-1-nitrosoureido group onto the carbon-1 or carbon-2 position of glucose or galactose. Following equimolar i.p. injections to mice of doses that were lethal in 10% of them, all four sugar-containing analogs were found to have re duced myelosuppressive activity as compared to a 54% reduction in the absolute peripheral neutrophile count pro duced by 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (MNU). Two days after i.p. implantation of 1 x 10s L1210 leukemia cells, treatment with MNU resulted in a 50% increased life-span, whereas the carbon-1 and carbon-2 glucose or galactose analogs pro duced only a 7 to 25% increased life-span, compared to untreated controls. The relative in vitro carbamoylating activity of each com pound did not correlate with either its antitumor activity or its toxicity in mice. The carbon-1-substituted glucose or galactose analogs and MNU have similar carbamoylating activity, 45% of total equimolar radioactive lysine. In the carbon-2-substituted glucose or ga lactose carba three compounds equiv alent in vitro carbamoylating activity but divergent in vitro colorimetrie alkylating activity, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosou-rea, molar of the mice, myelotoxicity, and antitumor activity in mice. The in vitro colorimetrie alkylating activity of all compounds tested correlated well with their relative antitumor activity. Cell suspensions of murine bone marrow and L1210 leu kemia cells were incubated in vitro with 0.5 mM [methyl-14C]MNU or [meffty/-14C]streptozotocin, a carbon-2-substi-tuted glucose methylnitrosourea. MNU alkylation of L1210 cells
EFFECTS OF CHROMIUM ON MOUSE SPLENIC T LYMPHOCYTES AND EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXPOSURE DURING EARLY NEURODEVELOPMENT ON BEHAVIORS IN MICE

OF DISSERTATION EFFECTS OF CHROMIUM ON MOUSE SPLENIC T LYMPHOCYTES AND EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXPOSURE DURING EARLY NEURODEVELOPMENT ON BEHAVIORS IN MICE The dissertation consists of three major projects with the focus on the immunotoxicity of chromium and the behavior disorders caused by early ETOH exposure respectively Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is widely used in various industrial processes and has been recognized as a carcinogen. As the first line of host defense system, the immune system can be a primary target of Cr(VI). T cell population represents a major arm of the immune system that plays a critical role in host anti-tumor immunity. Dysfunction of T cells compromises host anti-tumor immunity resulting in oncogenesis. Using mouse splenic T cells as an in vitro model system, the present study assessed the effects of Cr(VI) on T cell functions, as the first step of our investigation of the mechanism underlying Cr(VI)-inhibited immunosurveillance and carcinogenesis. Our results showed that Cr(VI) decreased the viability of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, inhibited T cell activation, functions, including cytokine release, and degranulation. Fetal ethanol (ETOH) exposure can damage the developing central nervous system and lead to cognitive and behavioral deficits, known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). The use of animal models, especially mouse models is essential for investigating the neurogenetic mechanism of fetal ETOH effects and screening pharmacotherapies against it, due to the extensive knowledge of mouse genetics. However, the availability of mouse model is limited. Via adopting various dosage, timing and administration routes of ETOH exposure, we developed two mouse models to assess behavioral or cognitive changes caused by fetal ETOH exposure in pre-weaning and adolescent period. Our results show that high dosage of ETOH exposure (4 g/kg) during PD 4-10 resulted in hyperactivity, disinhibition, and deficits in learning and memory in mouse offspring, which lays the groundwork for the future FASD research.
A robust nonsmooth generalized- α scheme for ﬂexible systems with impacts

The aim of this work is the development of a robust and accurate time integrator for the simulation of the dynamics of multibody systems composed of rigid and/or ﬂexible bodies subject to frictionless contacts and impacts. The integrator is built upon a previously developed nonsmooth generalized- α scheme time integrator which was able to deal well with nonsmooth dynamical problems avoiding any constraint drift phenomena and captur-ing vibration effects without introducing too much numerical dissipation. However, when dealing with problems involving nonlinear bilateral constraints and/or ﬂexible elements, it is necessary to adopt small time-step sizes to ensure the convergence of the numerical scheme. In order to tackle these problems more efﬁciently, a fully decoupled version of the nonsmooth generalized- α method is proposed in this work, avoiding these inconveniences. Several examples are considered to assess its accuracy and robustness.
A Victorian Age Proof of the Four Color Theorem

In this paper we have given an algorithmic proof of the four color theorem which is based only on the coloring faces (regions) of a cubic planar maps. Our algorithmic proof has been given in three steps. The first two steps are the maximal mono‐chromatic and then maximal dichromatic coloring of the faces in such a way that the resulting uncolored (white) regions of the incomplete two‐colored map induce no odd‐cycles so that in the (final) third step four coloring of the map has been obtained almost trivially.
The cellular concentration of the s subunit of RNA polymerase in Escherichia coli is controlled at the levels of transcription, translation, and protein stability

The second vegetative sigma factor crs (encoded by the rpoS gene) is the master regulator in a complex regulatory network that governs the expression of many stationary phase-induced and osmotically regulated genes in Escherichia coil Using a combination of gene-fusion technology and quantitative immunoblot, pulse-labeling, and immunoprecipitation analyses, we demonstrate here that rpoS/~r s expression is not only transcriptionally controlled, but is also extensively regulated at the levels of translation and protein stability. rpoS transcription is inversely correlated with growth rate and and is negatively controlled by cAMP-CRP. In complex medium rpoS transcription is stimulated during entry into stationary phase, whereas in minimal media, it is not significantly induced, rpoS translation is stimulated during transition into stationary phase as well as by an increase in medium osmolarity. A model involving mRNA secondary structure is suggested for this novel type of post-transcriptional growth phase-dependent and osmotic regulation. Furthermore, ~r s is a highly unstable protein in exponentially growing cells (with a half-life of 1.4 min), that is stabilized at the onset of starvation. When cells are grown in minimal glucose medium, translational induction and ~r s stabilization occur in a temporal order with the former being stimulated already in late exponential phase and the latter taking place at the onset of starvation. Although crs does not control its own transcription, it is apparently indirectly involved in a negative feedback control that operates on the post-transcriptional level. Our analysis also indicates that at least five different signals [cAMP, a growth rate-related signal (ppGpp? I, a cell density signal, an osmotic signal, and a starvation signal] are involved in the control of all these processes that regulate rpoS/~r s expression.
The Effect of R&D intensity, intellectual capital and managerial ability on firm’s performance with political connection as a moderating variable

* Corresponding author, email address: inthan.denni@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of Research and Development (R&D) intensity, intellectual capital, and managerial ability on firm’s performance both directly and indirectly moderated by political connection. This study uses manufacturing sector firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which were selected using a purposive sampling method, with a total of 119 data observations (2013 2017) and using a quantitative approach. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The results of the study prove empirically that the firm’s performance can be improved by increasing the intensity of R&D and intellectual capital. The existence of political connections can strengthen the influence of the relationship of R&D intensity on a firm’s performance. The firm’s performance is not related to managerial ability and political connection cannot strengthen or weaken the influence of intellectual capital on managerial performance and ability.
Smart TV GUI Design Guidelines Considering Usage Context and Cognitive Ability

Smart TV means a multi-purpose TV that can go beyond conventional TV functions and enable the Internet and various application programs. Smart TV is expected to play a more important role in the era of Internet of Things. In this study, the design guidelines of GUI for smart TV are focused on the aspects of visibility and operability among various consideration. In terms of visibility, we considered the size of icons which are displayed on TV. In terms of operability, we considered manipulation of the pointer which is appeared on the TV screen. The guidelines presented in this study are not a result of conducting separate experimental studies, but an applied result based on existing research results and scientific/engineering rules.