Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of botanical drugs in the treatment of cancer-related fatigue in patients with gastric cancer: A meta-analysis and prediction of potential pharmacological mechanisms

Objective: To systematically review the efficacy and safety of botanical drugs in the treatment of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) caused by gastric cancer (GC) and to determine the underlying pharmacological mechanisms using a network analysis. Methods: Databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, Wanfang, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to 18 April 2022. Methodological quality assessment was performed using the collaborative tool Cochrane, and data analysis were carried out using RevMan 5.4 and STATA 16 software. The botanical drugs with the highest frequency of use in the included studies was selected. The chemical composition, targets of action, disease targets, and shared targets of these botanical drugs were screened based on network analysis to explore the potential mechanisms of treating CRF in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Results: A total of 13 studies that included 986 patients with gastric CRF met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that botanical drugs could improve the CRF scores of gastric CRF, including the total scores of CRF dichotomous data [Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.67–10.68; p = 0.002], the total scores of CRF continuous data [Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) = -0.98; 95% CI -1.36 to -0.60; p < 0.00001], the affective subscales of Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS) scores [Weighted Mean Difference (MD) = -0.79; 95%CI -0.92 to -0.65; p < 0.00001], the sensory subscales of PFS scores (MD = -0.57; 95%CI -0.77 to -0.37; p < 0.00001), the behavioral subscales of PFS scores (MD = -1.05; 95% CI -1.29 to -0.82; p < 0.00001), Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) (MD = 10.53, 95% CI 8.26 to12.80; p < 0.00001), and the Karnofsky Performance Status scale (KPS) (MD = 5.18, 95% CI 2.60 to 7.76; p < 0.0001). The botanical drugs group had milder adverse effects than the control group. A total of 44 chemical components and 241 potential targets were obtained from the online database and 121 drug targets overlapped with the disease targets of CRF in patients with GC. Moreover, five key active ingredients, namely quercetin, Stigmasterol, luteolin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin, as well as five key targets including AKT1, TP53, TNF, VEGFA, and CASP3, were screened. In addition, five key signaling pathways, including cancer, Hepatitis B, Prostate cancer, Hepatitis C, and Pancreatic cancer pathways, were obtained through enrichment analysis. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that botanical drugs have positive effects on CRF in patients with GC. However, more well-designed, multicenter, and large sample-sized Randomized Controlled Trials are required to evaluate the effectiveness of botanical drugs on CRF in patients with GC.
Antecedents of attitude and their impact on behavioral intention in the staycation context

The year 2020 and 2021 have been decimated by the pandemic, leading to outbound vacations largely scrapped. Staycation, a typical domestic journal, has then been adopted by those who are tired of self-isolation for so long. This study aims to explore and assess the drivers exerting impact on attitude of tourists toward staycation and the interrelationship among the research constructs is also examined. A quantitative analysis is employed for evaluating the roles of reduced risk perception, benign envy, and perceived benefits as they exert the effect on attitude toward staycation. An online questionnaire survey was used, and a total of 213 samples were collected from target respondents in Hong Kong, which were still under lockdown at the time of the study. The results of the study showed that reduced risk perception, benign envy as well as perceived benefits will influence tourists’ attitude toward staycation. The managerial and theoretical implications of the results are discussed based on the significant relationships identified in the study.
Psychometric properties and validation of the revised Chinese Medication Literacy Scale for Hypertensive Patients (C-MLSHP-R)

Background Medication literacy is one of the key indicators that can affect the self-management of medications and medication safety. This study aimed to revise the Chinese Medication Literacy Scale for hypertensive patients (C-MLSHP) and test the reliability and validity of the revised scale. Methods We revised the C-MLSHP by several methods, i.e., focus group discussion, expert consultation, patient interview, and pilot study, based on the established evaluation index system of medication literacy for hypertensive patients. Then, a formal survey using the revised Chinese Medication Literacy Scale for hypertensive patients (C-MLSHP-R) was carried out on hypertensive patients from hospitals and community healthcare centers in Changsha city of China to test its reliability and validity. The reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's α coefficient, split-half reliability, and test–retest reliability. The validity was evaluated with content validity, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity. Results The C-MLSHP-R contained 18 items within four domains, i.e., the knowledge domain included four items, the attitude domain had three items, the skill domain involved seven items, and the practice domain included four items. A total of 339 hypertensive patients participated in the formal survey. The results showed that the Cronbach's α coefficient of C-MLSHP-R was 0.802, and for each domain ranged from 0.639 to 0.815. The split-half reliability coefficient of C-MLSHP-R was 0.709, and for each domain ranged from 0.648 to 0.792. The test–retest reliability coefficient of C-MLSHP-R was 0.851, and for each domain ranged from 0.655 to 0.857. The I-CVI of each item ranged from 0.833 to 1.000, the S-CVI/Ave of C-MLSHP-R was 0.981, the S-CVI/UA was 0.889, and for each domain ranged from 0.958 to 1.000. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the model fitted well. The convergent validity of C-MLSHP-R was acceptable, and the discriminant validity was good. The criterion coefficient between C-MLSHP-R and C-MLSHP was 0.797, and for each domain ranged from 0.609 to 0.755. Conclusion Compared with C-MLSHP, the C-MLSHP-R with 18 items was much shorter for measuring, and had decreased reliability within the acceptable range and better validity, which was more appropriate and time-saving to assess the medication literacy level for hypertensive patients scientifically and conveniently.
Higher body mass index is associated with worse hippocampal vasoreactivity to carbon dioxide

Background and objectives Obesity is a risk factor for cognitive decline. Probable mechanisms involve inflammation and cerebrovascular dysfunction, leading to diminished cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). The hippocampus, crucially involved in memory processing and thus relevant to many types of dementia, poses a challenge in studies of perfusion and CVR, due to its location, small size, and complex shape. We examined the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and hippocampal resting CBF and CVR to carbon dioxide (CVRCO2) in a group of cognitively normal middle-aged and older adults. Methods Our study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. Subjects were enrolled for studies assessing the role of hippocampal hemodynamics as a biomarker for AD among cognitively healthy elderly individuals (age > 50). Participants without cognitive impairment, stroke, and active substance abuse were recruited between January 2008 and November 2017 at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine, former Center for Brain Health. All subjects underwent medical, psychiatric, and neurological assessments, blood tests, and MRI examinations. To estimate CVR, we increased their carbon dioxide levels using a rebreathing protocol. Relationships between BMI and brain measures were tested using linear regression. Results Our group (n = 331) consisted of 60.4% women (age 68.8 ± 7.5 years; education 16.8 ± 2.2 years) and 39.6% men (age 70.4 ± 6.4 years; education 16.9 ± 2.4 years). Approximately 22% of them (n = 73) were obese. BMI was inversely associated with CVRCO2 (β = −0.12, unstandardized B = −0.06, 95% CI −0.11, −0.004). A similar relationship was observed after excluding subjects with diabetes and insulin resistance (β = −0.15, unstandardized B = −0.08, 95% CI −0.16, −0.000). In the entire group, BMI was more strongly related to hippocampal CVRCO2 in women (β = −0.20, unstandardized B = −0.08, 95% CI −0.13, −0.02). Discussion These findings lend support to the notion that obesity is a risk factor for hippocampal hemodynamic impairment and suggest targeting obesity as an important prevention strategy. Prospective studies assessing the effects of weight loss on brain hemodynamic measures and inflammation are warranted.
Role of phytomelatonin responsive to metal stresses: An omics perspective and future scenario

A pervasive melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) reveals a crucial role in stress tolerance and plant development. Melatonin (MT) is a unique molecule with multiple phenotypic expressions and numerous actions within the plants. It has been extensively studied in crop plants under different abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat, cold, and heavy metals. Mainly, MT role is appraised as an antioxidant molecule that deals with oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulating stress related genes. It improves the contents of different antioxidant enzyme activities and thus, regulates the redox hemostasis in crop plants. In this comprehensive review, regulatory effects of melatonin in plants as melatonin biosynthesis, signaling pathway, modulation of stress related genes and physiological role of melatonin under different heavy metal stress have been reviewed in detail. Further, this review has discussed how MT regulates different genes/enzymes to mediate defense responses and overviewed the context of transcriptomics and phenomics followed by the metabolomics pathways in crop plants.
Smoking and the widening inequality in life expectancy between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas of the United States

Background Geographic inequality in US mortality has increased rapidly over the last 25 years, particularly between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. These gaps are sizeable and rival life expectancy differences between the US and other high-income countries. This study determines the contribution of smoking, a key contributor to premature mortality in the US, to geographic inequality in mortality over the past quarter century. Methods We used death certificate and census data covering the entire US population aged 50+ between Jan 1, 1990 and Dec 31, 2019. We categorized counties into 40 geographic areas cross-classified by region and metropolitan category. We estimated life expectancy at age 50 and the index of dissimilarity for mortality, a measure of inequality in mortality, with and without smoking for these areas in 1990–1992 and 2017–2019. We estimated the changes in life expectancy levels and percent change in inequality in mortality due to smoking between these periods. Results We find that the gap in life expectany between metros and nonmetros increased by 2.17 years for men and 2.77 years for women. Changes in smoking-related deaths are responsible for 19% and 22% of those increases, respectively. Among the 40 geographic areas, increases in life expectancy driven by changes in smoking ranged from 0.91 to 2.34 years for men while, for women, smoking-related changes ranged from a 0.61-year decline to a 0.45-year improvement. The most favorable trends in years of life lost to smoking tended to be concentrated in large central metros in the South and Midwest, while the least favorable trends occurred in nonmetros in these same regions. Smoking contributed to increases in mortality inequality for men aged 70+, with the contribution ranging from 8 to 24%, and for women aged 50–84, ranging from 14 to 44%. Conclusions Mortality attributable to smoking is declining fastest in large cities and coastal areas and more slowly in nonmetropolitan areas of the US. Increasing geographic inequalities in mortality are partly due to these geographic divergences in smoking patterns over the past several decades. Policies addressing smoking in non-metropolitan areas may reduce geographic inequality in mortality and contribute to future gains in life expectancy.
Relationship between leisure-time physical activity and depressive symptoms under different levels of dietary inflammatory index

Depressive symptoms are major public health problems. Leisure-time Physical activity (LPA) and dietary inflammatory preference are emerging factors that tends to affect the mental health status. There is limited evidence regarding the joint influence of LPA and dietary status on the prevalence of depression. This study was a cross-sectional study, which used a nationwide represented sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess the relationship among LPA, diet status and depression. Depression and LPA status was reported by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), respectively. To assess dietary inflammatory preferences, dietary inflammatory index (DII) was applied based on a 24-h dietary recall interview. A total of 11,078 subjects was included in this study and weighted participants were 89,682,020. Weighted multivariable linear regression showed that DII was negatively associated with LPA after full adjustment, with β (95% CI): −0.487 (−0.647, −0.327). Weighted multivariable logistic regression showed that LPA was significantly associated with depressive symptoms after full adjustment, with odds ratios OR (95% CIs): 0.986 (0.977, 0.995). By DII stratification analysis, this phenomenon was also existed in groups with anti-inflammatory diet. Mediation effect analysis was further performed, which showed that DII significantly mediating the association between LPA and depression with proportion mediated as 3.94%. Our findings indicated the mediating role of DII in the association between LPA condition and incident depression. More well-designed studies are still needed to validate the causal relationship.
A Coupled Oscillator Model for Grover's Quantum Database Search Algorithm

Grover's database search algorithm is the optimal algorithm for finding a desired object from an unsorted collection of items. Although it was discovered in the context of quantum computation, it is simple and versatile enough to be implemented using any physical system that allows superposition of states, and several proposals have been made in the literature. I study a mechanical realisation of the algorithm using coupled simple harmonic oscillators, and construct its physical model for the simplest case of four identical oscillators. The identification oracle is implemented as an elastic reflection of the desired oscillator, and the overrelaxation operation is realised as evolution of the system by half an oscillation period. I derive the equations of motion, and solve them both analytically and by computer simulation. I extend the ideal case analysis and explore the sensitivity of the algorithm to changes in the initial conditions, masses of springs and damping. The amplitude amplification provided by the algorithm enhances the energy of the desired oscillator, while running the algorithm backwards spreads out the energy of the perturbed oscillator among its partners. The former (efficient focusing of energy into a specific oscillator) can have interesting applications in processes that need crossing of an energy threshold for completion, and can be useful in nanotechnological devices and catalysis. The latter (efficient redistribution of energy) can be useful in processes requiring rapid dissipation of energy, such as shock-absorbers and vibrational shielding. I present some tentative proposals.
A tough woman around tender men: Dilma Rousseff, gendered double bind, and misogynistic backlash

Dilma Rousseff's presidency ended in controversial form. The first woman elected to the position in Brazil, Rousseff's 2016 impeachment was seen as a coup by her supporters and as a necessary step for democracy by her detractors. With the Brazilian economy facing its worst recession in history and the Car Wash corruption scandal ravaging the political class, critics continually raised questions about Rousseff's leadership style and abilities. This article analyzes how this criticism in part can be attributed to gendered subjective understandings of preferred leadership traits. Using a thematic analysis of interviews with political actors in five different Brazilian states conducted in 2017 and 2018, we demonstrate that gender stereotypes and sexism fueled criticisms about women's political leadership. While Rousseff's presidency was riddled with problems, the president's leadership style and abilities were scrutinized in distinct gendered ways, indicating a gendered double bind and a backlash against women in politics.
Non-invasive and quantitive analysis of flatfoot based on ultrasound

Flatfoot is a common foot deformity that seriously affects the quality of life. The aim of this study is to develop an accurate and noninvasive method for the diagnosis of flatfoot based on B-mode ultrasound. In this study, 51 patients (the flatfoot group) and 43 healthy subjects (the control group) were included. The plantar fascia angle, a new measurement for use in the diagnosis of flatfoot is proposed, as determined using B-mode ultrasound. For comparison, the calcaneal pitch angle and medial cuneiform height were also measured using lateral X-radiography, based on traditional diagnostic methods. The intraclass correlation values of the plantar fascia angle, the calcaneal pitch angle, and the medial cuneiform height were all more than 0.95, and there is a moderate correlation (r = 0.51) between the medial cuneiform height and the calcaneal pitch angle, and an excellent correlation (r = 0.85) between the plantar fascia angle and the calcaneal pitch angle. The optimal cutoff value, sensitivity, and specificity for medial cuneiform height in flatfoot diagnosis were 12.8 mm, 93.0%, and 54.9%, respectively. The optimal cutoff value, sensitivity, and specificity for plantar fascia angle in flatfoot diagnosis were 9.8°, 97.7%, and 94.1%, respectively. The proposed plantar fascia angle has good sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing flatfoot, therefore supplying a new approach for the noninvasive diagnosis of flatfoot.
Bioactive glass-collagen/poly (glycolic acid) scaffold nanoparticles exhibit improved biological properties and enhance osteogenic lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Today’s using tissue engineering and suitable scaffolds have got attention to increase healing of non-union bone fractures. In this study, we aimed to prepare and characterize scaffolds with functional and mechanical properties suitable for bone regeneration. Porous scaffolds containing collagen-poly glycolic acid (PGA) blends and various quantities of bioactive glass (BG) 45S5 were fabricated. Scaffolds with different compositions (BG/collagen-PGA ratios (w/w): 0/100; 40/60; 70/30) were characterized for their morphological properties, bioactivity, and mechanical behavior. Then, biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation potential of the scaffolds were analyzed by seeding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Scaffolds made with collagen-PGA combined with the BG (45S5) were found to have interconnected pores (average pore diameter size 75–115 µm) depending on the percentage of the BG added. Simulated body fluid (SBF) soaking experiments indicated the stability of scaffolds in SBF regardless of their compositions, while the scaffolds retained their highly interconnected structure. The elastic moduli, cell viability, osteogenic differentiation of the BG/collagen-PGA 40/60 and 70/30 scaffolds were superior to the original BG/collagen-PGA (0/100). These results suggest that BG incorporation enhanced the physical stability of our collagen-PGA scaffold previously reported. This new scaffold composition provides a promising platform to be used as a non-toxic scaffold for bone regeneration and tissue engineering.
A novel lactate metabolism-related signature predicts prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment of breast cancer

Background: Lactate, an intermediate product of glycolysis, has become an essential regulator of tumor maintenance, development, and metastasis. Lactate can drive tumors by changing the microenvironment of tumor cells. Because of lactate’s important role in cancer, we aim to find a novel prognostic signature based on lactate metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) of breast cancer (BC). Methods: RNA-sequencing data and clinical information of BC were enrolled from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We obtained LMRGs from the Molecular Signature Database v7.4 and articles, and then we compared candidate genes with TCGA data to get differential genes. Univariate analysis and most minor absolute shrinkage and selector operator (LASSO) Cox regression were employed to filter prognostic genes. A novel lactate metabolism-related risk signature was constructed using a multivariate Cox regression analysis. The signature was validated by time-dependent ROC curve analyses and Kaplan–Meier analyses in TCGA and GEO cohorts. Then, we further investigated in depth the function of the model’s immune microenvironment. Results: We constructed a 3-LMRG-based risk signature. Kaplan–Meier curves confirmed that high-risk score subgroups had a worse prognosis in TCGA and GEO cohorts. Then a nomogram to predict the probability of survival for BC was constructed. We also performed Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway function analysis. The function analysis showed that the lactate metabolism-related signature was significantly related to immune response. A significant correlation was observed between prognostic LMRGs and tumor mutation burden, checkpoints, and immune cell infiltration. An mRNA–miRNA network was built to identify an miR-203a-3p/LDHD/LYRM7 regulatory axis in BC. Conclusion: In conclusion, we constructed a novel 3-LMRG signature and nomogram that can be used to predict the prognosis of BC patients. In addition, the signature is closely related to the immune microenvironment, which may provide new insight into future anticancer therapies.
Psychosocial risk and job satisfaction in professional drivers

Psychosocial work factors are implicated in the development of stress and job satisfaction. This relationship has been scarcely studied in so-called singular activities, as is the case of professional drivers. This cross-sectional study of 601 professional drivers assesses psychosocial risks and job satisfaction using Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and Overall Job Satisfaction questionnaire models. The values of the psychosocial scales of professional drivers were compared with thresholds values of the Spanish working population. The relationships of the psychosocial scales with the level of job satisfaction were examined using logistic regression models, adjusted for age, gender, length of driving license and years of experience. In general, professional drivers have an unfavorable psychosocial environment compared to the average Spanish workers. The relationship between psychosocial scales and job satisfaction is observed, with the most influential variables being the meaning and development of work, integration in the company, social relations, esteem and level of psychological demands.