Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of a gradual response to the environment on species distribution modeling performance

Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used in ecology, biogeography, and conservation. Although ecological theory predicts that species occupancy is dynamic, the outputs of SDMs are generally converted into a single occurrence map, and model performance is evaluated in terms of success to predict presences and absences. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of a gradual response in species occupancy to environmental gradients into the performance of SDMs. First we outline guidelines for the appropriate simulation of artificial species that allows controlling for gradualism and prevalence in the occupancy patterns over an environmental gradient. Second, we derive theoretical expected values for success measures based on presence-absence predictions (AUC, Kappa, sensitivity and specificity). And finally we used artificial species to exemplify and test the effect of a gradual probabilistic occupancy response to environmental gradients on SDM performance. Our results show that when a species responds gradually to an environmental gradient, conventional measures of SDM predictive success based on presence-absence cannot be expected to attain currently accepted performance values considered as good, even for a model that recovers perfectly well the true probability of occurrence. A gradual response imposes a theoretical expected value for these measures of performance that can be calculated from the species properties. However, irrespective of the statistical modeling strategy used and of how gradual the species response is, one can recover the true probability of occurrence as a function of environmental variables provided that species and sample prevalence are similar. Therefore, model performance based on presence-absence should be judged against the theoretical expected value rather than to absolute values currently in use such as AUC > 0.8. Overall, we advocate for a wider use of the probability of occurrence and emphasize the need for further technical developments in this sense.
Coupling Carbon Flow Through Some Pelagic and Benthic Communities

Sediment core oxygen uptake is correlated positively with primary production and inversely with mixed-layer depth in various aquatic ecosystems for which the input of organic matter is predominantly autochthonous. In these areas organic carbon sedimentation is proportional to the ratio of carbon input: mixed-layer depth, which reflects increased mineralization with increased depth of mixing. The ratio of primary production: mixed-layer depth is compared with the carbon equivalent of oxygen uptake by sediments to derive an expression which is used to calculate the amount of photosynthetically fixed carbon respired at the sediment surface.
Sensitivity of multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium DT104 to organic acids and thermal inactivation in liquid egg products

Abstract A mixture of four Salmonella typhimurium DT104 strains and a mixture of four S. typhimurium non-DT104 strains were examined for their ability to grow in tryptic soy broth (TSB) acidified with acetic, lactic, citric, or malic acids at pH 5·4, 4·4, and 3·7. Significantly ( P S. typhimurium DT104 cells were detected at pH 4·4 and 4·0 in TSB acidified with acetic acid and at pH 4·4 and 3·7 in TSB acidified with lactic acid compared to non-DT104 cells. Acid-shocked and non-shocked (control) cells were plated on TSA (pH 7·3) acidified with lactic acid at pH 5·4, 4·4, and 4·0 and on TSA (pH 7·0±0·2) containing 0·5, 2·5, and 5% sodium chloride. Populations of acid-shocked S. typhimurium DT104 and non DT104 cells recovered on acidified or salt-supplemented TSA were significantly ( P D values and z values of acid-shocked or non-shocked cells of DT104 and non-DT104 strains in liquid whole egg (WE), egg yolk (EY), egg white (EW), whole egg+10% salt (WES), and egg yolk+10% salt (EYS) were determined. Differences in thermal sensitivity of the two types of cells were few. Rates of thermal inactivation of S. typhimurium DT104 cells indicate that the USDA pasteurization process would eliminate >8 log 10 cfu ml −1 of EW heated at 57°C and >11 log 10 cfu ml −1 of WE, EY, WES, or EYS heated at 61°C. D values of acid-shocked DT104 and non-DT104 cells heated in liquid egg products were significantly ( P
Are the Machines Taking Over?

Technological advancements have changed the way we construct psychological assessment tools. Scale construction algorithms are automated item selection procedures that were developed to refine large numbers of items into valid scales to assess psychological constructs. So far, this technology has mostly been used to shorten established scales – for example, in order to meet time and monetary restrictions in large-scale assessments (Rammstedt & Beierlein, 2014). However, the principle of algorithms can be transferred to other scenarios, such as refining newly developed item pools into scales when constructing a new assessment tool from scratch. As with all new technologies, the question arises whether algorithm-based item selection is just a fancy gimmick or in fact a powerful alternative to traditional approaches for improving psychological assessment tools. In this editorial, we would like to shed some light on the pros and cons of using algorithms in (short) scale construction.
Highly air‐stabilized black phosphorus on disposable paper substrate as a tunnelling effect‐based highly sensitive piezoresistive strain sensor

This report demonstrates synthesis of black phosphorus (BP) from red phosphorus using sonochemistry and the direct growth of highly air-stable BP on cellulose paper using hydrothermal method with PDMS as passivation and its utilization in human motion monitoring system. PDMS not only hinders the oxidation of BP but also provides flexibility to the device, thereby allowing the use of paper-based device as strain sensor. Fabricated device exhibits gauge factor of 6.1, which is comparable with the devices fabricated using sophisticated cleanroom techniques, and device is tested for 2,000 bending cycles revealing excellent reliability and repeatability. Device displayed excellent hysteresis suggesting that tunnelling effect is responsible for the current change of the device upon the external strain. Mathematical model is formulated to describe tunnelling conduction which matched the experimental results. Further, device exhibits excellent air stability for 98 days wherein negligible change in resistance and strain sensing performance is observed. Fabricated device is integrated onto different parts of the human body for its real-time application in human motion monitoring. Successful demonstration of the direct growth of highly air-stable BP on flexible and biodegradable cellulose paper opens up new avenues of research in optoelectronics, health care, security etc.
KRAB domain of ZFP568 disrupts TRIM28-mediated abnormal interactions in cancer cells

Abstract Interactions of KRAB (Krüppel-associated box)-associated protein KAP1 [also known as TRIM28 (tripartite motif containing protein 28)] with DNA-binding KRAB zinc finger (KRAB-ZF) proteins silence many transposable elements during embryogenesis. However, in some cancers, TRIM28 is upregulated and interacts with different partners, many of which are transcription regulators such as EZH2 in MCF7 cells, to form abnormal repressive or activating complexes that lead to misregulation of genes. We ask whether a KRAB domain—the TRIM28 interaction domain present in native binding partners of TRIM28 that mediate repression of transposable elements—could be used as a tool molecule to disrupt aberrant TRIM28 complexes. Expression of KRAB domain containing fragments from a KRAB-ZF protein (ZFP568) in MCF7 cells, without the DNA-binding zinc fingers, inhibited TRIM28–EZH2 interactions and caused degradation of both TRIM28 and EZH2 proteins as well as other components of the EZH2-associated polycomb repressor 2 complex. In consequence, the product of EZH2 enzymatic activity, trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 level, was significantly reduced. The expression of a synthetic KRAB domain significantly inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells (MCF7) but has no effect on normal (immortalized) human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10a). Further, we found that TRIM28 is a positive regulator of TRIM24 protein levels, as observed previously in prostate cancer cells, and expression of the KRAB domain also lowered TRIM24 protein. Importantly, reduction of TRIM24 levels, by treatment with either the KRAB domain or a small-molecule degrader targeted to TRIM24, is accompanied by an elevated level of tumor suppressor p53. Taken together, this study reveals a novel mechanism for a TRIM28-associated protein stability network and establishes TRIM28 as a potential therapeutic target in cancers where TRIM28 is elevated. Finally, we discuss a potential mechanism of KRAB-ZF gene expression controlled by a regulatory feedback loop of TRIM28–KRAB.
Evaluation of Quality of Chia (Salvia hispanica), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), and Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Oils

: Each year, the consumption of vegetable oils increases gradually. Some oils, such as chia, sesame, and quinoa, are consumed due to the nutritional properties and health promoters that have been recognized in their components. Based on this premise, the present study aimed to characterize chia (Salvia hispanica), sesame (Sesamum inducum), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) oils, in order to enable their applications in the development of new food products. Chia oil presented higher degradation, as it stood out with higher amounts of free fatty acids (4.46%) and peroxide value (18.35 meq/kg). It is an oil that is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (75.47%), and, consequently, with high refractive index (1,475) and iodine value (192.86 g/100 g). Quinoa oil stood out for its higher oxidative stability (17.55 h) and higher amount of phenolic compounds (190.84 mg/100 g). Sesame and quinoa oils showed no significant difference for carotenoids, but sesame oil had higher content of total tocopherols (656.50 mg/kg). Thus, the oils can be used in technological processes and/ or in the formulation of new food products, in order to their increase the nutritional value.
Effect of Prooxidative Natural Products: Comparison of the OSI1 (YKL071w) Promoter Luciferase Construct from Yeast with an Nrf2/Keap Reporter System

The oxidative stress response (OSR) in yeast is under the control of oxidation-sensitive cysteines in the Yap1p transcription factor, and fusion of the Yap1p-dependent OS-induced promoter of the YKL071w gene (OSI1) to a luciferase coding sequence makes a sensitive reporter for OS induced by electrophiles. In mammalian cells, the OSR induced by electrophiles is coordinated in a mechanistically similar way via oxidation-sensitive cysteines in the kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)– nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 / antioxidant response element ( Nrf2/ARE) system. Many electrophilic oxidants have already been independently shown to trigger both the Yap1 and Keap1 systems. Here, we investigated the responses of Yap1 and Keap1 reporters to sulforaphane (SFN), allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), previously known to stimulate Keap1–Nrf2/ARE but not known to activate Yap1, and as a positive control, allicin, previously reported to stimulate both Yap1 and Nrf2. We have compared the reciprocal responsiveness of the respective reporter systems and show that the yeast reporter system can have predictive value for electrophiles that stimulate the mammalian Keap1–Nrf2/ARE system.
Recent Trends in the Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Beverages

Chemical contaminants should not be present in beverages for human consumption, but could eventually be ingested by consumers as they may appear naturally from the environment or be produced by anthropogenic sources. These contaminants could belong to many different chemical sources, including heavy metals, amines, bisphenols, phthalates, pesticides, perfluorinated compounds, inks, ethyl carbamate, and others. It is well known that these hazardous chemicals in beverages can represent a severe threat by the potential risk of generating diseases to humans if no strict quality control is applied during beverages processing. This review compiles the most updated knowledge of the presence of potential contaminants in various types of beverages (both alcoholic and non-alcoholic), as well as in their containers, to prevent undesired migration. Special attention is given to the extraction and pre-concentration techniques applied to these samples, as well as to the analytical techniques necessary for the determination of chemicals with a potential contaminant effect. Finally, an overview of the current legislation is carried out, as well as future trends of research in this field.
A Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Fabry–Pérot Antenna Based on Liquid Metal

A new beam controllable Fabry–Pérot (FP) antenna utilizing a liquid-metal partially reflective surface (PRS) is investigated. The proposed PRS can be divided into three different liquid-metal-filled areas. By injecting the liquid metal into specific zones, the antenna beam direction and 3 dB beamwidth can be controlled separately, providing an easy control method for the radiation pattern reconfigurable FP antenna. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed antenna works at 5.1 GHz. Five beam directions in the elevation plane ( $\varphi = 90^{\circ }$ ) and four antenna horizontal beam widths can be obtained. The FP antenna is simple in design and is easily fabricated as well. It will be a good candidate antenna for future wireless communication systems.
Cloud Intrusion Detection System Using Fuzzy Clustering and Artificial Neural Network

Intrusion detection system (IDS) is a security layer used to detect suspicious activities and generate alerts when such activities are identified in systems. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) can be used to detect the intrusion in the system but there is small problem that ANN lacks in certain areas that are detection precision for low frequent attacks and detection stability. So we have decided to implement FC-ANN approach based on fuzzy clusters and artificial neural network, to solve the problem. The general procedure of FC-ANN is as follows: initially fuzzy clustering technique is used to generate different training subsets. Subsequently, based on different training subsets, different ANN models are trained to make different base models. Finally, a meta-learner, fuzzy aggregation module, is engaged to combine these results. In addition to this we are going to add restore point which allows for the registry keys, rolling back of system files, installed programs and the project data base etc.
Sperm aneuploidy and recurrent pregnancy loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background and Objective:Studies have reported that the spouses of patients with recurrent miscarriage have a high rate of sperm aneuploidy,The types and the methods of determination of sperm aneuploidy are different. The correlation between the specific type of sperm aneuploidy and recurrent miscarriage is inconclusive.Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the rate of sperm aneploidy tested in FISH way in male partners of women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL group) and fertile male control groups. Methods:Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed databases and a manual search were done for observational research from inception till 23 May 2019.Pooled standard mean difference (SMD), odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to describe effect sizes.This study was conducted according to MOOSE statement. Results:Overall, One study was included for qualitative analysis owing to a lack of standard deviation data, and nine studies were included for quantitative analysis.326 male partners of women with recurrent pregnancy loss and 124 fertile men were included in this study.The primary outcome was the rate of sperm aneuploidy. Pooled data from three studies with sufficient data suggested that male partners of women with a history of RPL had significantly higher rates of total sperm aneuploidy compared with the partners of fertile control women(SMD: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.39–1.75, P < 0.01). In the qualitative analysis, the RPL group had a greater percentage of sperm aneuploidy, Conclusions:Qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis suggested an association between total sperm aneuploidy and RPL. However, for some specific type of sperm aneuploidy, male partners of women with a history of RPL had similar rates as fertile men. Further studies are needed owing to the significant heterogeneity between studies and lack of prospective pregnancy outcome data.
A Strategy of Signal Detection for Performance Improvement in Clipping Based OFDM System

: In this paper, the supervised Deep Neural Network (DNN) based signal detection is analyzed for combating with nonlinear distortions efficiently and improving error performances in clipping based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) ssystem. One of the main disadvantages for the OFDM is the high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). The clipping is a simple method for the PAPR reduction. However, an effect of the clipping is nonlinear distortion, and estimations for transmitting symbols are difficult despite a Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection at the receiver. The DNN based online signal detection uses the offline learning model where all weights and biases at fully-connected layers are set to overcome nonlinear distortions by using training data sets. Thus, this paper introduces the required processes for the online signal detection and offline learning, and compares error performances with the ML detection in the clipping-based OFDM systems. In simulation results, the DNN based signal detection has better error performance than the conventional ML detection in multi-path fading wireless channel. The performance improvement is large as the complexity of system is increased such as huge Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system and high clipping rate.
Establishment of Low Water Runoff Forecast Model in Yichun River Basin by Multiple Linear Regression Method

In this paper, the dry season runoff forecast equation model of the Yichun River Basin is established. Based on the analysis and study of the basin climate, meteorological characteristics, and dry season runoff inflow rules, the multiple linear regression method is used to screen the runoff forecast factors of the Yichun River basin during dry season, Measured hydrological sequence data. The model was tested using the measured data, and its prediction was very accurate. It can provide a reference for related dry river runoff forecast schemes of similar rivers.
Effect of dietary cereal on intestinal bacterial populations in weaned pigs

Diets containing corn, barley or wheat as the main carbohydrate source were formulated to a similar nutrient content and fed for 3 wk to weaned pigs. Gut bacterial populations differed significantly between the three diets and these differences were correlated with the fibre contents of the diets. Key words: Corn, wheat, barley, intestinal bacteria, pigs
Rigorous Study on Hump Phenomena in Surrounding Channel Nanowire (SCNW) Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (TFET)

In this paper, analysis and optimization of surrounding channel nanowire (SCNW) tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) has been discussed with the help of technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation. The SCNW TFET features an ultra-thin tunnel layer at source sidewall and shows a high on-current (ION). In spite of the high electrical performance, the SCNW TFET suffers from hump effect which deteriorates subthreshold swing (S). In order to solve the issue, an origin of hump effect is analyzed firstly. Based on the simulation, the transfer curve in SCNW TFET is decoupled into vertical- and lateral-BTBTs. In addition, the lateral-BTBT causes the hump effect due to low turn-on voltage (VON) and low ION. Therefore, the device design parameter is optimized to suppress the hump effect by adjusting thickness of the ultra-thin tunnel layer. Finally, we compared the electrical properties of the planar, nanowire and SCNW TFET. As a result, the optimized SCNW TFET shows better electrical performance compared with other TFETs.
Comparison Between Machine Learning Models for Yield Forecast in Cocoa Crops in Santander, Colombia

The identification of influencing factors in crop yield (kg·ha-1) provides essential information for decision-making processes related to the prediction and improvement of productivity, which gives farmers the opportunity to increase their income. The current study investigates the application of multiple machine learning algorithms for cocoa yield prediction and influencing factors identification. The Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Ensemble Learning Models (Random Forests, Gradient Boosting) are compared with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression models. The considered predictors were climate conditions, cocoa variety, fertilization level and sun exposition in an experimental crop located in Rionegro, Santander. Results showed that Gradient Boosting is the best prediction alternative with Coefficient of determination (R2) = 68%, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 13.32, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 20.41. The crop yield variability is explained mainly by the radiation one month before harvest, the accumulated rainfall on the harvest month, and the temperature one month before harvest. Likewise, the crop yields are evaluated based on the kind of sun exposure, and it was found that radiation one month before harvest is the most influential factor in shade-grown plants. On the other hand, rainfall and soil moisture are determining variables in sun-grown plants, which is associated with the water requirements. These results suggest a differentiated management for crops depending on the kind of sun exposure to avoid compromising productivity, since there is no significant difference in the yield of both agricultural managements.
Experiences of Children in Kinship Care (CKC) in Ghana

The provision of care by extended family members and close friends is a common cultural practice in Ghanaian traditional communities. With a recent interest by stakeholders in Ghana to consider kinship care as an alternative care option in child welfare policy, this study explores current kinship care challenges to help identify and address potential setbacks for policy and practice recommendations. In-depth interviews were conducted with 22 young adults with experience as Children in Kinship Care (CKC). The participants with CKC experience reported inadequate basic needs, educational neglect, and lack of adequate emotional attachment as the major difficulties experienced by children in kinship care. The study revealed that challenges faced by CKC in Ghana mostly come from the limited financial and emotional resources of caregivers. For policy recommendations, common cultural practices like CKC should be adequately examined with clear guidelines on how to promote the welfare of children and young people.