Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moringa oleifera Leaf Supplementation as a Glycemic Control Strategy in Subjects with Prediabetes

Moringa oleifera (MO) is a multipurpose plant with a high polyphenol content, which is being increasingly consumed to lessen the risk of chronic metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes; however, scientific evidence from clinical trials is scarce. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group intervention study with MO leaves as a food supplement was conducted in subjects with prediabetes. They consumed six daily capsules of MO dry leaf powder (2400 mg/day) (MO, n = 31) or placebo (PLC, n = 34) over 12 weeks. Glycemia, appetite-controlling hormones and gut microbiota composition were studied. ANCOVA with the fixed factor “treatment” and the basal value as covariate was used to compare the change score between the groups. The results showed significant differences between groups in the rate of change of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which showed opposite directions during the intervention, decreasing in MO and increasing in PLC. No different change scores were found between the groups in microbiota, hepatic and renal function markers or the appetite-controlling hormones measured. In conclusion, MO supplementation resulted in favorable changes in glycaemia markers compared to placebo in the subjects with prediabetes studied, suggesting that MO might act as a natural antihyperglycemic agent.
Sulforaphane Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Inhibiting Hepatic Steatosis and Apoptosis

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by lipotoxicity and ectopic lipid deposition within hepatocytes. Sulforaphane (SFA), an active compound used for inhibiting tumors, was found to have the potency to improve lipid metabolism. However, its molecular mechanisms on ameliorating NAFLD are still incompletely understood. This research evaluated if SFA could inhibit hepatic steatosis and apoptosis. The effects of SFA on cell viability, lipid accumulation, triglyceride (TG) contents, apoptosis, ceramide contents, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed in palmitic acid (PA)-treated HepG2 cells and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The related molecular mechanisms were further explored in hepatocytes. The results showed SFA alleviated lipid accumulation and regulated AMPK/SREBP1c/FAS signaling pathway in PA-stressed HepG2 cells. In addition, SFA alleviated PA-mediated apoptosis, downregulated the expressions of cleaved caspase 3, as well as reduced ceramide contents and ROS levels. Moreover, SFA treatment reduced HFD-induced body weight gain, alleviated insulin resistance, decreased serum TG, total cholesterol (TC), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and prevented lipid deposition and apoptosis in the liver. This study showed SFA suppressed lipid deposition and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that SFA may be a potential candidate for preventing and treating NAFLD.
Clonal Hematopoiesis-Associated Gene Mutations in a Clinical Cohort of 448 Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

BACKGROUND Cancer patients are at risk of secondary therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). Acquired blood-specific mutations in clonal hematopoiesis (CH)-associated genes are t-MN risk factors and their occurrence associated with cancer therapy and age. Patients with ovarian cancer (OC) showed a particularly high prevalence of CH-associated gene mutations, which may additionally be explained by the high proportion of a hereditary disease cause in this cancer entity. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 448 OC patients enrolled in the AGO-TR1 study; 249 were enrolled at primary diagnosis and 199 at platinum-sensitive recurrence. Analyses included the most frequently altered CH-associated genes (ASXL1, DNMT3A, GNAS, JAK2, PPM1D, SF3B1, SH2B3, SRSF2, TET2, TP53). Results were analyzed according to the BRCA1/2 germline (gBRCA1/2) mutation status. All statistical tests were 2-sided. RESULTS Advanced age at blood draw and a high number of prior platinum-based chemotherapy lines were risk factors to acquire CH-associated gene mutations, with gene-specific effects observed. Binomial logistic regression suggested increased probabilities for gBRCA1/2 mutation carriers to acquire CH-associated PPM1D and TP53 gene mutations (PPM1D: odds ratio = 4.30, 95% confidence interval = 1.48 to 12.46, P = .007; TP53: odds ratio = 6.20, 95% confidence interval = 0.98 to 53.9, P = .06). This observation was due to a statistically significantly increased number of platinum-based chemotherapy lines in gBRCA1/2 mutation carriers vs noncarriers (PPM1D: mean [SD] = 2.04 [1.27] vs 1.04 [0.99], P < .001; TP53: mean [SD] =2.83 [1.33] vs 1.07 [1.01], P < .001). No interaction between platinum-based chemotherapy and gBRCA1/2 mutation status with the occurrence of CH-associated gene mutations was observed. CONCLUSION A positive gBRCA1/2 mutation status is not a risk factor to acquire CH-associated gene mutations. OC patients may benefit from monitoring CH-associated gene mutations, especially following carboplatin exposure. Future clinical studies are required to assess whether treatment regimen should be adapted according to individual t-MN risks.
Payroll Tax Reductions for Minimum Wage Workers: Relative Labor Cost or Cash Windfall Effects?

This paper uses administrative employer-employee data to uncover the effects of a large payroll tax reduction for minimum-wage workers in France in the 1990s. Exploiting the change in labor costs both at the job level and at the firm level, I find that the number of minimum-wage jobs increases but that these additionnal jobs stem exclusively from firms which had previously very few, or none, minimum wage workers. On the contrary, firms which already employed workers at minimum-wage levels, and thus benefit ex ante from a cash windfall, increase employment irrespective of wage levels. Overall, these results suggest that targeting cash-contrained firms, and not only groups of workers, is key for employment growth. JEL codes: H22, H25, H32, J23
Identification and Control of Nonlinear Laboratory Model Amira DR 300

This article deals with identification and a control design of nonlinear laboratory model Amira DR 300 in a real time. It mentions a mathematical description of the model, its static and dynamical characteristics. Using an experimental method of identification a model has been created, which is suitable for the purpose of simulation testing of non-adaptive as well as adaptive controllers. These were tested as simple adaptive, i.e. non-adaptive controllers, namely in both simulation ways and at a real model control. For the purpose of a non-adaptive control, system parameters were determined by off-line method of the least squares. In an identification part of self-tuning controllers a method of recursive least squares with directional adaptive forgetting factor has been used.
The Russian ALFA System in the Context of the Development of Radionavigation in the 21st Century

For nearly the entire post-World War II period, naval and air navigation relied primarily on ground-based radionavigation systems. However, the spontaneous development of satellite systems gradually led to their disappearance. They are currently used partly in air operations and marginally in maritime navigation in some areas around Asia, in Russia and in the Middle East. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, the threat of effective interference with satellite systems began to be raised, which led to an increased interest in restoring or upgrading ground-based systems as backup systems in the Western world. In this context, the approach of Russia is interesting, as it is associated with the vast majority of deliberate GPS interference. There are reports in the world literature that various ground-based radionavigation systems operating in Russia are still observed. The article analyses, on the basis of the few available sources, information on the ALFA system, about which the least is known, and there are many indications that it is ready for use. http://www.transnav. eu the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Volume 15
Miniaturized dual‐band antenna for wireless local area network

In this article, size reduction and wide impedance feeding techniques for antenna design are presented.An inductor connected with a main antenna element in series reduced a resonance frequency of the fundamental mode and a size reduction of about 33% was obtained. In addition, a shunt capacitor between the shorting and feed line enhanced the impedance bandwidth to fully cover the required impedance bandwidths of IEEE 802.11 b/g (2.4–2.484 GHz) and IEEE 802.11a (5.15–5.875 GHz) The proposed antenna possesses a very wide impedance bandwidth of 1957 MHz in the range of the 5 GHz band at a VSWR < 2. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:850–852, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27411
Design and fabrication of three-axis accelerometer sensor microsystem for wide temperature range applications using semi-custom process

This paper describes an integrated CMOS-MEMS inertial sensor microsystem, consisting of a 3-axis accelerometer sensor device and its complementary readout circuit, which is designed to operate over a wide temperature range from - 55°C to 175°C. The accelerometer device is based on capacitive transduction and is fabricated using PolyMUMPS, which is a commercial process available from MEMSCAP. The fabricated accelerometer device is then post-processed by depositing a layer of amorphous silicon carbide to form a composite sensor structure to improve its performance over an extended wide temperature range. We designed and fabricated a CMOS readout circuit in IBM 0. 13μm process that interfaces with the accelerometer device to serve as a capacitance to voltage converter. The accelerometer device is designed to operate over a measurement range of ±20g. The described sensor system allows low power, low cost and mass-producible implementation well suited for a variety of applications with harsh or wide temperature operating conditions.
FRUSTRATING COMPUTERS USERS INCREASES EXPOSURE TO PHYSICAL FACTORS

We quantified physical measures of upper extremity stress, force, posture, and muscle activity as fourteen subjects completed a five page web-based survey. After completing one of the pages, the survey would prompt the user indicating they had completed that page incorrectly. Once acknowledged by the user, the system would redisplay the page with all of the user’s responses deleted. Responses to completing the page varied across individuals. Based on a subject’s response to a questionnaire, they were grouped into a high or low response group, with the high response group expressing more dissatisfaction with the page design. Force applied to the side of the mouse was higher (1.25N) for the 15 seconds after the display of the error message than the 15s before the error (0.88N) for the high response group (p=0.02). No difference was observed for the low response group. Similarly, the average wrist extensor muscle activity for both the ECR and ECU was 1 to 2 percent MVC higher for the 15s after the error message than compared to the 15s prior to the error for the high response group (p=0.01). Average activity was also 1 to 2 % higher for the second time completing the page compared to the first time. These results suggest that software design and usability can increase exposure to physical risk factors during computer work dependent upon a person’s assessment of ease of use.
Intercomparison of Salinity Products in the Beaufort Gyre and Arctic Ocean

Salinity is the primary determinant of the Arctic Ocean’s density structure. Freshwater accumulation and distribution in the Arctic Ocean have varied significantly in recent decades and certainly in the Beaufort Gyre (BG). In this study, we analyze salinity variations in the BG region between 2012 and 2017. We use in situ salinity observations from the Seasonal Ice Zone Reconnaissance Surveys (SIZRS), CTD casts from the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project (BGP), and the EN4 data to validate and compare with satellite observations from Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS), and Aquarius Optimally Interpolated Sea Surface Salinity (OISSS), and Arctic Ocean models: ECCO, MIZMAS, HYCOM, ORAS5, and GLORYS12. Overall, satellite observations are restricted to ice-free regions in the BG area, and models tend to overestimate sea surface salinity (SSS). Freshwater Content (FWC), an important component of the BG, is computed for EN4 and most models. ORAS5 provides the strongest positive SSS correlation coefficient (0.612) and lowest bias to in situ observations compared to the other products. ORAS5 subsurface salinity and FWC compare well with the EN4 data. Discrepancies between models and SIZRS data are highest in GLORYS12 and ECCO. These comparisons identify dissimilarities between salinity products and extend challenges to observations applicable to other areas of the Arctic Ocean.
Endwall Losses and Flow Unsteadiness in a Turbine Blade Cascade

The purpose of this paper is to describe an investigation of the flow within and downstream of a turbine blade cascade of high aspect ratio. A detailed experimental investigation into the changes in the endwall boundary layer in the cascade (100deg camber angle) and total pressure loss downstream of the cascade was carried out. Flow visualisation was used in order to obtain detailed photographs of the flow patterns on the endwall and for exhibiting the trailing edge vortices. Pressure measurements were carried out using a miniature cranked Kiel probe for three planes downstream of the cascade, with two levels of turbulence intensity of the free-stream. Pressure distribution on the blade were measured at three spanwise locations, namely 4%, 12%, and 50% of the full-span from the wall. Hot wire anenometry combined with a spectrum analyser program was used to determine the frequencies of the flow oscillations.The change in turbulence level of the free stream has a significant influence on all three pressure distributions. The striking difference between two of the pressure distributions is in the aft half of the suction side where the distribution with the lower turbulence intensity has the larger lift. The oil flow visualisation reveals what appears to be two separation lines within the passage and are believed to originate from the horseshoe vortex. The pitchwise-averaged total pressure loss coefficient increases with the distance of the measurement plane downstream of the cascade blades. A substantial part of this loss increase close to the wall is caused by the high rate of shear of the new boundary layer on the endwall.Copyright © 1990 by ASME
An extension of the mixed‐effects growth model that considers between‐person differences in the within‐subject variance and the autocorrelation

Experience sampling methods have led to a significant increase in the availability of intensive longitudinal data. Typically, this type of data is analyzed with a mixed‐effects model that allows to examine hypotheses concerning between‐person differences in the mean structure by including multiple random effects per individual (eg, random intercept and random slopes). Here, we describe an extension of this model that—in addition to the random effects for the mean structure—also includes a random effect for the within‐subject variance and a random effect for the autocorrelation. After the description of the model, we show how its parameters can be efficiently estimated using a marginal maximum likelihood (ML) approach. We then illustrate the model using a real data example. We also present the results of a small simulation study in which we compare the ML approach with a Bayesian estimation approach.
Resonance-Assisted Hydrogen Bond—Revisiting the Original Concept in the Context of Its Criticism in the Literature

In the presented research, we address the original concept of resonance-assisted hydrogen bonding (RAHB) by means of the many-body interaction approach and electron density delocalization analysis. The investigated molecular patterns of RAHBs are open chains consisting of two to six molecules in which the intermolecular hydrogen bond stabilizes the complex. Non-RAHB counterparts are considered to be reference systems. The results show the influence of the neighbour monomers on the unsaturated chains in terms of the many-body interaction energy contribution. Exploring the relation between the energy parameters and the growing number of molecules in the chain, we give an explicit extrapolation of the interaction energy and its components in the infinite chain. Electron delocalization within chain motifs has been analysed from three different points of view: three-body delocalization between C=C-C, two-body hydrogen bond delocalization indices and also between fragments (monomers). A many-body contribution to the interaction energy as well as electron density helps to establish the assistance of resonance in the strength of hydrogen bonds upon the formation of the present molecular chains. The direct relation between interaction energy and delocalization supports the original concept, and refutes some of the criticisms of the RAHB idea.
X-ray lathe: An X-ray lithographic exposure tool for nonplanar objects

An X-ray lithography lathe has been developed that can pattern cylindrical, ellipsoidal, and other nonplanar objects. This lathe is capable of patterning on a micron scale a wide variety of shapes including shapes impossible to achieve with a conventional lathe. A cylindrical core covered with a suitable resist is rotated while being exposed with a collimated X-ray source through a mask. The mask absorbs X rays up to a particular radius from the center of the core and the resist beyond that radius is removed in a developer. Several cylindrical cores were coated with poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) 5 to 125 /spl mu/m thick and patterned with X-rays down to a 250-/spl mu/m horizontal scale (along the lathe axis). The exposure time for a cylindrical PMMA layer is /spl sim/three-four times longer than a planar layer with the same thickness. The capabilities of this technology, lathe apparatus, dose calculations, and initial exposure results are described.
A Novel Small Mobile Robot System for Polishing Freeform Surface of Large Mold

Making large automatic device for polishing freeform surface of large mold has many disadvantages. We propose a new thinking of polishing large freeform surface with small mobile robot, and develop a novel small mobile polishing robot which has good maneuverability for moving on and polishing curved surface continuously. By analyzing its kinematics model, algorithm for tracking polishing path is designed, in which discrete points along planed polishing path on surface are taken as robot’s navigation points. And virtual robot view methods are designed in the tracking algorithm to avoid the oscillate phenomena. Both the simulation and field experiments prove that this type robot can satisfy the requirement of polishing process.
Effects of an External Magnetic Field on the Interband and Intraband Optical Properties of an Asymmetric Biconvex Lens-Shaped Quantum Dot

The theoretical investigation of interband and intraband transitions in an asymmetric biconvex lens-shaped quantum dot are considered in the presence of an external magnetic field. The selection rules for intraband transitions are obtained. The behaviors of linear and nonlinear absorption and photoluminescence spectra are observed for different temperatures and magnetic field strengths. The second and third harmonic generation coefficients as a function of the photon energy are examined both in the absence and presence of an external magnetic field.
Effect of Pluronic P103 Concentration on the Simple Synthesis of Ag and Au Nanoparticles and Their Application in Anatase-TiO2 Decoration for Its Use in Photocatalysis

Silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized under environmentally-friendly reaction conditions by using a biodegradable copolymer and water as a solvent. The triblock copolymer Pluronic P103 was utilized as a stabilizing agent or soft template to produce Ag and Au nanoparticles (NPs) of different sizes. Moreover, in the synthesis of Au NPs, the polymer acted as a reducing agent, decreasing the number of reagents used and consequently the residues produced, hence, rendering the procedure less complicated. It was observed that as the concentration of the polymer increased, the size of the metallic NPs augmented as well. However, AgNPs and AuNPs prepared with 1 and 10 wt% Pluronic P103, respectively, showed a significant decrease in particle size due to the presence of polymeric soft templates. The hybrid materials (metal/polymer) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, DLS, and TEM. The pre-synthesized nanoparticles were employed to decorate anatase-TiO2, and the composites were characterized by DRS, XRD, BET surface area measurements, the TEM technique with the EDS spectrum, and XPS spectroscopy to demonstrate NPs superficial incorporation. Finally, methylene blue was used as a probe molecule to evidence the effect of NPs decoration in its photocatalytic degradation. The results showed that the presence of the NPs positively affected methylene blue degradation, achieving 96% and 97% removal by utilizing TAg0.1 and TAu10, respectively, in comparison to bare anatase-TiO2 (77%).
EFFECTS OF THE BACKGROUND TURBULENCE ON THE RELAXATION OF ION CYCLOTRON AND FIREHOSE INSTABILITIES AND ITS ROLE ON TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY PRODUCTION IN THE SOLAR WIND

Turbulence in space plasmas usually exhibits two regimes separated by a spectral break that divides the so called inertial and kinetic ranges. Large scale magnetic fluctuations are dominated by non-linear MHD wave-wave interactions following a −5/3 or −2 slope power-law spectrum. After the break, at scales in which kinetic effects take place, the magnetic spectrum follows a steeper power-law k−α shape given by a spectral index α > 5/3. Despite its ubiquitousness, the possible effects of a turbulent background spectrum in the quasilinear relaxation of solar wind temperatures are usually not considered. In this work, a quasilinear kinetic theory is used to study the evolution of the proton temperatures in an initially turbulent collisionless plasma composed by cold electrons and bi-Maxwellian protons, in which electromagnetic waves propagate along a background magnetic field [1]. Considering Ion-Cyclotron waves, we show that a sufficient turbulent magnetic power can drive stable protons to transverse heating, resulting in an increase in the temperature anisotropy and the reduction of the parallel proton beta. Similarly, considering fast magnetosonic waves, our results show that, depending on the value of beta, a turbulent spectrum of magnetosonic modes leads an initially thermally isotropic plasma to develop anisotropic states in which T⊥ < T||, which in turn may excite firehose instabilities that regulate the anisotropy production. Thus, in either case stable proton velocity distribution can evolve in such a way as to develop kinetic instabilities. This may explain why the constituents of the solar wind can be observed far from thermodynamic equilibrium and near the instability thresholds. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by ANID, Chile, through FONDECyT grants No. 1191351 (PSM) and No. 11180947 (REN), and CONICyT-PAI grant No. 79170095 (RN). References: [1] Moya PS and Navarro RE, Effects of the Background Turbulence on the Relaxation of Ion Temperature Anisotropy in Space Plasmas. Front. Phys. 9, 624748 (2021). Session: 3. The Solar Wind Oral or Poster: Oral