Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Edible insect processing pathways and implementation of emerging technologies

The processing of insects is paramount to deliver safe and high quality raw materials, ingredients and products for large-scale food and feed applications. Depending upon the nature of the initial material and the desired end product, the processing pathways vary and may include several unit operations currently already used in food and feed processing. Insect processing pathways can involve harvesting, pre-processing, decontamination, further processing, packaging and storage. Several traditional and industrial decontamination methods have been proposed for edible insects, which include smoking, drying, blanching/boiling, marination, cooking, steaming, toasting and their combinations. Further processing steps are employed to produce insect meal, insect flour or extracted insect fractions. Each operation will have a different impact on the chemical and microbiological properties of the final product. Novel food processing technologies (e.g. high pressure processing, pulsed electric field, ultrasound and cold plasma) have shown potential to modify, complement or replace the conventional processing steps in insect processing. These technologies have been tested for microbial decontamination, enzyme inactivation, drying and extraction. Further, these are considered to be environmentally friendly and may be implemented for versatile applications to improve the processing efficiency, safety and quality of insect based products. Future research focuses in insect processing are development of efficient, environmentally friendly and low-cost processes; waste minimisation and incorporation of by-products/co-products.
“Why People Gotta be so Judgy?”: The Importance of Agency-Wide, Non-judgmental Approach to Client Care

ABSTRACT This research study explores the influence of staff behavior on treatment outcomes among individuals struggling with co-morbidities of substance use disorders (SUD), mental health issues, and trauma. Separately or collectively, these dynamics can create arduous behaviors by clients, invoking negative judgments from staff. In this mixed methods study, participants from SUD treatment facilities (n = 47) provided qualitative themes concerning perceived negative judgments by staff. Often the complexity of co-occurring clinical presentations is insufficiently understood by staff. By committing to training, supervision, meaningful appreciation of staff, and agency-wide dedication to a non-judgmental approach, substantial improvements toward complex client matters can be achieved, resulting in positive treatment outcomes. Additionally, a non-judgmental approach to clients can simultaneously produce improvements in the work environment experienced by staff. Implications for agency administrators, staff, and peer support personnel is also discussed.
A Preliminary Study on the Organizational Modes of Mesoscale Convective Systems Associated With Warm‐Sector Heavy Rainfall in South China

This work examines the organizational modes of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) associated with warm‐sector heavy rainfall events in South China based on composite radar reflectivities during April–June from 2007 to 2020. The results showed that these MCSs can be classified into the nonlinear mode (NL) and eight linear modes: trailing stratiform precipitation (TS), no stratiform precipitation (NS), leading stratiform precipitation (LS), parallel stratiform precipitation (PS), embedded lines (EL), bow echoes (BE), training line/adjoining stratiform (TL/AS), and multiple rain bands (MRB). The NL mode accounts for 40% of the total, while linear modes account for 60%, with the TS mode being the most frequent linear mode. The detailed features of the top three most frequent organizational modes (NL, TS, and NS) were examined in this work. First, the MCSs of the top three organizational modes have different formation modes. Eighty‐four percent of NL systems and 77% of TS systems form via the broken areal mode, while 83% of NS systems form via the broken line mode. Second, relative to TS and NS systems, NL systems develop faster and have shorter lifespans but slower movements with higher 3‐h and 6‐h maximum precipitation values. Third, environmental analysis indicates that the Total Totals index (TTI) is significantly different among all the top three organizational modes, with the highest value in TS mode and the lowest value in NS mode. These features are apparently different from their counterparts in central East China due to different synoptic environments.
Why discontinue Facebook usage? An empirical investigation based on a push-pull-mooring framework

PurposeSocial media platforms are currently facing the challenge of declining user activity. Building on the push–pull–mooring (PPM) framework, the current study developed a research model to evaluate factors that affect Facebook discontinuance.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed research model assessed how push factors (e.g. Facebook fatigue and dissatisfaction), a pull factor (e.g. alternative attractiveness) and mooring factors (e.g. personal norms and habit of using Facebook) affected the discontinued usage behavior regarding Facebook. The proposed research model was validated using empirical data (n = 412) collected from Facebook users.FindingsFacebook fatigue, dissatisfaction and alternative attractiveness significantly and positively affected discontinued Facebook usage. Personal norms and habit of using Facebook had a converse influence in this regard. Dissatisfaction had a stronger positive impact than Facebook fatigue and alternative attractiveness on the discontinued usage behavior regarding Facebook. Habits of using Facebook had a greater negative effect than personal norms of using Facebook on the discontinued usage behavior regarding Facebook by users.Originality/valueThis study extends extant literature on social media discontinuance to identify the antecedents of discontinuous usage behavior in social media. This study enriches the literature on social media discontinuance by shedding light on the different degrees of effect of the push, pull and mooring factors on discontinuous social media usage behavior.
Neural Oscillations Reflect Meaning Identification for Novel Words in Context

Abstract During language processing, people make rapid use of contextual information to promote comprehension of upcoming words. When new words are learned implicitly, information contained in the surrounding context can provide constraints on their possible meaning. In the current study, EEG was recorded as participants listened to a series of three sentences, each containing an identical target pseudoword, with the aim of using contextual information in the surrounding language to identify a meaning representation for the novel word. In half of the trials, sentences were semantically coherent so that participants could develop a single representation for the novel word that fit all contexts. Other trials contained unrelated sentence contexts so that meaning associations were not possible. We observed greater theta band enhancement over the left hemisphere across central and posterior electrodes in response to pseudowords processed across semantically related compared to unrelated contexts. Additionally, relative alpha and beta band suppression was increased prior to pseudoword onset in trials where contextual information more readily promoted pseudoword meaning associations. Under the hypothesis that theta enhancement indexes processing demands during lexical access, the current study provides evidence for selective online memory retrieval for novel words learned implicitly in a spoken context.
On the very low frequency scattering of propeller noise by a neighboring cylinder

The present work addresses the scattering of the tonal noise of a low-speed propeller by a rigid cylinder, both propeller and cylinder axes being parallel and at a short distance to each other, for which a compact regime is reached. The propeller and cylinder diameters are small compared to the acoustic wavelengths, as well as the propeller-cylinder distance. This arrangement is considered as a generic configuration of installed marine propellers. Only the dipole-like sources of the hydrodynamic noise of the propeller are considered, assuming rigid blades. The sound radiation from the propeller is formulated in two dimensions, for characteristic spinning modes of the tonal noise, based on the exact Green’s function of the cylinder. The mode orders ±1 are found the only efficient ones in free field. In the presence of the cylinder, all higher-ordermodes are scattered into the contrarotatingmode−1with a strong amplification, whereas they would not radiate in free field. A simple experiment, performed in air but with Helmholtz numbers typical of marine applications, confirms the generation of the mode −1 as a key behavior of the asymptotic Green’s function of the cylinder. The results show that the installation effect is crucial for the analysis of marine propeller noise at very low frequencies. Cylinder scattering is also theoretically investigated for a pair of synchronized contra-rotating propellers. Basic differences between the non-compact and compact regimes characteristic of aeronautical and naval applications, respectively, are highlighted.
Return Aspirations of Syrian Refugees in Turkey

Abstract Voluntary return is proposed as a durable solution for mass displacements, but little is known about how refugees perceive their options. This article discusses what drives the return aspirations of Syrian refugees in Turkey. Based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data (2017–18), it shows that many Syrians condition their return on the provision of security, regime change and livelihood opportunities in Syria. However, their integration in Turkey also matters, albeit paradoxically, for return aspirations. Specifically, perceived and experienced discrimination and socio-cultural distance influence aspirations. These emerge as indirect implications of the economic, social and cultural integration. This article shows the complexity behind the return issue by advancing the discussion on the role of origin country-related factors in refugees’ aspirations on the one hand, and the relevance of the integration into the host country on the other. Our findings contribute to further understanding of the return-integration nexus, particularly the impact of refugees’ socio-psychological experiences, in the protracted refugee situations.
Humpback whale abundance in Hawai‘i: Temporal trends and response to climatic drivers

Funding information Whale Tales Abstract In 2001, we began long-term monitoring using scan sampling methodology to study the relative abundance and distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on their Hawaiian breeding grounds. Samples were collected annually (2001– 2019) from a shore site overlooking Kawaihae Bay, Hawaiʻi Island. Each sample included the number of whales, pod composition, and position. Whale numbers increased from 2001 to 2015, with increasing variability after 2010. Numbers then declined, including a precipitous 60% drop between 2015 and 2016. Crude birth rate fell from 6.5% in 2015 to 1.1% in 2016. We used generalized additive models, including predictor variables of year, date, observational conditions, and observer, to establish a base model. Climatic indices were individually added to base models, and their contributions were evaluated using Akaike information criteria. Models indicated that whale numbers and crude birth rate fell when climate indices reflected warmer water on high latitude feeding grounds in the North Pacific. Our results show that oceanographic conditions during prior feeding seasons correspondwith the reproductive rate and the number of whales in Hawaiʻi. Continued long-term monitoring of whale populations is essential to documenting and understandingmarine ecosystem responses to global climate change.
Blockchain: an inter-organisational innovation likely to transform supply chain

ABSTRACT In current times, supply chains are gaining momentum because of customers’ many requirements, such as more flexibility, velocity, information, and traceability of products. Several factors can explain this phenomenon: the acceleration of technological innovations, which allow for better performance of systems and processes; globalisation of trade, fostering faster access to products for customers; and environmental responsibility, which drives customers to inquire about the sustainability of their purchases. In this scenario, the disruptive technology of ‘blockchain’ could be a solution to meeting these challenges. This system is characterised by high safety and traceability, and is becoming revolutionary in supply chains, which could have a substantial impact on companies. This exploratory study aims to investigate the current existing research on blockchain applied to supply chains and the main drivers and obstacles that companies face in implementing this technology. Interviews were conducted with ten companies to understand the motivations and risks of embracing this technology. The results show traceability and communication to be the main incentives for its deployment, while interoperability represents its main obstacle.
Bipolar Hypersoft Sets

Hypersoft set theory is an extension of soft set theory and is a new mathematical tool for dealing with fuzzy problems; however, it still suffers from the parametric tools’ inadequacies. In order to boost decision-making accuracy even more, a new mixed mathematical model called the bipolar hypersoft set is created by merging hypersoft sets and bipolarity. It is characterized by two hypersoft sets, one of which provides positive information and the other provides negative information. Moreover, some fundamental properties relative to it such as subset, superset, equal set, complement, difference, relative (absolute) null set and relative (absolute) whole set are defined. Furthermore, some set-theoretic operations such as the extended intersection, the restricted union, intersection, union, AND-operation and OR-operation of two bipolar hypersoft sets with their properties are discussed and supported by examples. Finally, tabular representations for the purposes of storing bipolar hypersoft sets in computer memory are used.
Using assessment data to improve equity: How teachers use insights from the Scottish National Standardised Assessments

Evidence-based decision-making is regarded as an important indicator of quality in schools around the world. Using data gathered from assessments, in conjunction with other insights, can help school leaders and teachers better meet the needs of learners. In schools that cater to disadvantaged learners, using data to design targeted interventions plays an important role in improving equity. In this paper we report on a study with five schools in Scotland. All schools had learner cohorts characterised by multiple layers of disadvantage. Informed by the theoretical underpinnings of sensemaking theory, we investigated how teachers and school leaders used data from the Scottish National Standardised Assessments (SNSA). Our findings suggest that teachers and leaders are adept at combining assessment data with other insights – including their own observations. All schools were active in using data to inform decision-making, both at the whole-school level and at the classroom level. They reported multiple uses of data, from validating their own instincts to targeting support to particular cohorts of learners. We suggest that the way in which SNSA is designed – explicitly providing data to teachers to help inform their professional judgement – is a factor in the positive approach to data usage among these schools.
Comprehensive Design and Timing Analysis for High speed Master Slave D Flip-Flops using 18 nm FinFET Technology

Ensuring correct functionality is the basic objective of any digital design and this can be done only if the circuit obeys all the timing constraints. Static Timing Analysis is the procedure performed to calculate the setup and hold time of any digital circuit and to check for any setup and hold time violations. This paper presents the methodology to perform setup and hold time analysis for different designs of Master Slave D Flip-Flop using 18 nm FinFET technology. FinFET technology was chosen since it is the prevalent technology in the industry. Implementation of D Flip-Flop design, suitable test circuit and timing analysis is performed on the Cadence virtuoso analog design environment tool. Using appropriate excitations, parametric analysis is carried out to obtain the setup and hold time values for various designs of D Flip-Flop including the proposed design. From the results, it was observed that the setup time and hold time varied with different clock edge rates. For the edge rates of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 ns, it was observed that the proposed design gave setup times of 54.9, 61.2, and 69.8 ps and hold times of −30.7, −43.6 and, −48.8 ps, respectively. On comparing all the results, it was observed that the GDI MUX and pass transistor-based designs gave a good trade-off between transistor count, setup time and hold time. For the proposed design, although the setup times were slightly on the higher side, the hold time values were more negative which is always preferred.
Spin-Orbit Effect on Thermal Properties of Half-Heusler Alloy FeVSb

FeVSb, a family of Half-Heusler alloy, is categorized as an n-type semiconductor which has a high figure of merit that makes this material to be one of the promising candidates for a thermoelectric device. In FeVSb, Fe and V atoms which have d -orbitals can be considered to have spin-orbit interaction that can affect the electronic structure and thermal properties of this material. In order to investigate how strong the spin-orbit interaction affect this material, we do the first-principles study by implementing the spin-orbit interaction to investigate the change of the band structure and thermal properties of FeVSb. Our results show that the spin-orbit interaction affects the band structure of the material indicated by the energy splitting in the electronic structure which increase the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity but slightly reduce the figure of merit values of FeVSb.
Design of a Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Acoustic Sensing System for Pipeline Leakage Monitoring in a Nuclear Environment

We propose a design method of a weak fiber Bragg grating (FBG) array, in which the reflectivity of the FBG increases along the fiber, and this increase is limited by the dynamic range of the distributed optical fiber sensing (DOFS) system. For a DOFS system, this design method can not only well compensate for the impact of fiber loss, within a certain range and caused by radiation, on the deterioration of the system performance, but also can reduce the requirements for the dynamic range of the system in nuclear environments. Based on this design method, we propose a short-distance acoustic detection system based on broadband ultraweak FBGs assisted phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry ( $\Phi $ -OTDR), and assess the system’s ability to detect pipeline leakages. This work not only provides guidance for the design of FBG sensing systems but also provides a new promising scheme for the application of DOFS system in nuclear environments.
Internet of Things Framework for Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in COVID-19 Environment

The pandemic/epidemic of COVID-19 has affected people worldwide. A huge number of lives succumbed to death due to the sudden outbreak of this corona virus infection. The specified symptoms of COVID-19 detection are very common like normal flu; asymptomatic version of COVID-19 has become a critical issue. Therefore, as a precautionary measurement, the oxygen level needs to be monitored by every individual if no other critical condition is found. It is not the only parameter for COVID-19 detection but, as per the suggestions by different medical organizations such as the World Health Organization, it is better to use oximeter to monitor the oxygen level in probable patients as a precaution. People are using the oximeters personally; however, not having any clue or guidance regarding the measurements obtained. Therefore, in this article, we have shown a framework of oxygen level monitoring and severity calculation and probabilistic decision of being a COVID-19 patient. This framework is also able to maintain the privacy of patient information and uses probabilistic classification to measure the severity. Results are measured based on latency of blockchain creation and overall response, throughput, detection, and severity accuracy. The analysis finds the solution efficient and significant in the Internet of Things framework for the present health hazard in our world.
Reason Analysis of the Jiwenco Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) and Potential Hazard on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) is one of the major natural disasters in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). On 25 June 2020, the outburst of the Jiwenco Glacial Lake (JGL) in the upper reaches of Nidu river in Jiari County of the QTP reached the downstream Niwu Township on 26 June, causing damage to many bridges, roads, houses, and other infrastructure, and disrupting telecommunications for several days. Based on radar and optical image data, the evolution of the JGL before and after the outburst was analyzed. The results showed that the area and storage capacity of the JGL were 0.58 square kilometers and 0.071 cubic kilometers, respectively, before the outburst (29 May), and only 0.26 square kilometers and 0.017 cubic kilometers remained after the outburst (27 July). The outburst reservoir capacity was as high as 5.4 million cubic meters. The main cause of the JGL outburst was the heavy precipitation process before outburst and the ice/snow/landslides entering the lake was the direct inducement. The outburst flood/debris flow disaster also led to many sections of the river and buildings in Niwu Township at high risk. Therefore, it is urgent to pay more attention to glacial lake outburst floods and other low-probability disasters, and early real-time engineering measures should be taken to minimize their potential impacts.