Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ecological risk of 17α-methyltestosterone contaminated water discharged from a full water recirculating earthen masculinization pond

Abstract 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) is an exogenous anabolic steroid hormone used widely in aquafarming. This study aimed to emphasize the environmental hazards of MT originated from a continuously operating masculinization pond with an intensive water recirculation system in Samut Prakan, Thailand. Risk quotient (RQ) and concentration factor (CF) were used to examine the ecological risk of MT in the pond environment. The results revealed relatively high MT concentrations in the water and sediments. These findings concurred the benefit of masculinization ponds with a water recirculation system in the way that it can effectively save the water and reduce the MT dosage that needs to be added into the feed. However, this could bring serious environmental concerns since releasing water containing MT residues and androgenic active metabolites through water overflowing from the masculinization pond to the environment during the wet season is inevitable. This is the first report indicating that CF relates to the androgenic potential activity and can be used to explain the ecological risk of MT contaminated water discharged from a full water recirculating earthen masculinization pond. This study provides important information indicating that CF values in a range of 7 to 16 are high enough to cause adversely affect the reproductive performance of tested fish (i.e., Probarbus jullieni, Barbonymus gonionotus, and Anabas testudineus).
ENERGY-EFFICIENT POWER ALLOCATION FOR IMPERFECT CSI DOWNLINK NOMA SYSTEM

The fifth generation (5G) networks must provide the massively increased number of users by thousand times higher data rate at lower power consumption. Thus, optimizing the energy efficiency (EE) becomes an essential issue that has to be researched from the green communication perspective. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is considered one of the high potential techniques in fifth-generation systems. This technology is favorable to maximize the energy efficiency and the spectrum efficiency by composing different signals at the same time on the same carrier at different power levels. In this paper, a low complexity power allocation algorithm is proposed in imperfect channel state information (CSI) downlink NOMA cellular system, where obtaining full CSI at the base station is considered a challenge. The proposed algorithm relies on the fact that the allocated power is inversely proportional to the channel strength of the user to implement the successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique at the user terminal to reconstruct the desired signal. The performance of the system is analyzed in terms of energy efficiency and outage probability and compared to the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system. Results show that the proposed algorithm increases the energy efficiency by about 50% compared to the conventional OMA technology, and an improvement in the outage probability has been achieved. Furthermore, the effect of the error in the channel estimation on the energy efficiency in imperfect CSI NOMA system is evaluated. The simulation shows that the energy efficiency reduces when the channel estimation error increases; and the best performance is achieved in the perfect CSI case where the channel estimation error is zero.
Analysis of Sudan I in Food by QuEChERS Combined with Ultrasound-assisted Dispersive Liquid-liquid Microextraction with Solidification of Floating Organic Drop (UADLLME-SFO) Prior to HPLC-PAD

Institute for Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical college of Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China Guangdong Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Guangzhou 510623, China Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
In Vitro Model for Lumbar Disc Herniation to Investigate Regenerative Tissue Repair Approaches

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is the most common reason for low back pain in the working society. New regenerative approaches and novel implants are directed towards the restoration of the disc or its biomechanical properties. Aiming to investigate these new therapies under physiological conditions, in this study, a model for LDH was established by developing a new physiological in vitro test method. In 14 human lumbar motion segments, different daily-life and worst-case activities were simulated successfully by applying a physiological range of motion and axial loading in order to create physiological intradiscal pressure. An LDH could be provoked in 11 of the 14 specimens through vertical and round annular defects of different sizes. Interestingly, the defect and the LDH hardly influenced the biomechanical properties of the disc. For the investigation of regenerative approaches in further experiments, the recommendation based on the results of this study is to create an LDH in non-degenerated motion segments by the application of the new physiological in vitro test method after setting the round annular defects to a size of 4 mm in diameter.
The role of empathy in the relationship between childhood trauma and borderline personality tendencies in male offenders

ABSTRACT Childhood trauma and empathy deficits have been found to be related to borderline personality disorder (BPD), but the mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of empathy in male offenders with BPD tendencies and to test its mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and BPD tendencies. Two hundred and fifty-seven male offenders and 43 male nonoffender controls completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short From (CTQ-SF), the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) and the Chinese version of the computerized Yoni Task. ANOVA, Mixed-model ANOVAs and the PROCESS macro were used to analyze the inventory data and task performances. Compared to male offenders without BPD tendencies and nonoffender controls, offenders with BPD tendencies showed more severe childhood abuse, lower cognitive empathy and poorer task performances in second-order cognitive and second-order affective theory of mind. Furthermore, cognitive empathy was found to play a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and BPD tendencies. Our findings indicate the effects of childhood trauma and empathy impairments on BPD and suggest the possible application value of the precision empathy ability training in the intervention of offenders with BPD.
The respective strain hardening of constituting phases during Lüders deformation of a medium-Mn steel

ABSTRACT The present work quantifies the contribution of constituting phases to the strain hardening in a medium-Mn steel during Lüders deformation. The strain hardening of the ferrite matrix (∼ 46.1 MPa) is much lower than that of the austenite phase (∼ 116 MPa). The large difference of strain hardening behaviour between ferrite and austenite phases is ascribed to a martensitic transformation. Thus, the transformation-induced plasticity effect in retained austenite is the main contributor to the strain hardening during Lüders deformation of the present medium-Mn steel.
Frequency and Severity of Depression in Cancer Patients Presenting to Tertiary Care Hospital

Introdution: Cancer and depression, independently, cause massive human suffering worldwide. By the end of 2030 the unipolar major depression disorder could be as the chief source of ailment as estimated by World Health Organization. Objective: Objective of this study is to detect prevalence the frequency and severity of the depression in cancer patients presenting to tertiary care hospital of Karachi. Methodology: The current prospective cross-sectional research was performed over a period of six months from August 2020 to January 2021 on 179 patients in the Department of Oncology of Civil Hospital Karachi, after approval of synopsis from CPSP and the ethical committee of Civil Original Research Article Kumar et al.; JPRI, 33(10): 59-70, 2021; Article no.JPRI . 66191 60 Hospital. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited OPD of Civil hospital were selected in the study. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks and benefits of the study.Patients were assessed clinically by using ICD-10 criteria and then for validity and reliability, patients were screened for presence of depression and its severity through PHQ9.Patients scoring higher than 4 was labeled as having depression and PHQ-9 score of 5 to 9, 10 to 14, 15 to 19, 20-27 were labeled mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression correspondingly. Observed data was entered in the predesigned Performa was gathered and SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Mean ± SD of age was 47.75±14.901years. Out of 179 patients 95 (53.1%) were male and 84 (46.9%) were female. 93(52%) cancer patients were depressed while 86(48%) were normal. Patients suffering from mild depression were 3.2%, moderate depression were 54.85%, moderately severe depressed were 19.4%, while 22.6% cancer patients were severely depressed. It is to be concluded that out of 179cancer patients 93(52%) diagnosed to have depression while 86(48%) did not have depression. Based on our study findings, it is suggested that depression commonly presented in cancer patients and there is a need to screen all cancer patients for depressive disorder.
Adaptive dynamic optimal control for triggered networked switched systems under dual‐ended denial‐of‐service attacks

Networked switched systems (NSSs) have unique advantages, but the unreliability of networks, such as suffering from attacks, will reduce system performance. Besides, the required control energy to stabilize systems is not considered in existing switching signal design methods, which is worthy of improvement. In this paper, an energy function‐based resilient triggered switching law (EFB‐RTSL) is proposed for NSSs under dual‐ended denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks and asynchronous switching. For the data communication under DoS attacks, a resilient switch‐triggering mechanism is designed that aims at reducing the unnecessary data transmission and the risk of switching signal being attacked. For the discontinuity of switching signal induced by DoS attacks, a combined structure of attacks‐triggered decision switch and buffer is constructed. Moreover, an integrated model is built to characterize the dual‐ended DoS attacks, and the maximum tolerance is given. The coupling between DoS attacking, synchronous, and asynchronous switching is clarified, which provides convenient conditions for stability analysis. Subsequently, the gains of subcontrollers are computed by a dynamic iterative algorithm. By utilizing the average dwell time and Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional technique, sufficient criteria are derived to ensure the stability of triggered NSSs when suffering from dual‐ended DoS attacks. At last, the effectiveness of proposed method is verified by a numerical simulation.
A study on flare minimisation in EUV lithography by post-layout re-allocation of wire segments

Indian Statistical Institute, under the aids of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation Govt. of India. Abstract The feature size in Integrated Circuits (ICs) has been scaling down aggressively, thereby posing more challenges in their manufacturability. Conventional immersion lithography using a laser of 193 nm wavelength produces layouts having distortions that degrade performance significantly. To overcome this bottleneck, Next‐Generation Lithography (NGL) technologies are being developed. Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL), one of the popular NGLs, which uses a light of 13.5 nm wavelength. However, irregularities on the photo reflective surface of clear‐field masks used in EUVL, scatter the incident light and cause flare that in turn results in layout pattern distortions and critical dimension (CD) violations. One of the approaches to counter the effect of flare is to utilise dummy metal fills. But this incurs additional mask cost. Herein, a method to reduce the flare variation as well as the average flare distribution for a layout by perturbation of wire segments, without affecting performance at the post‐layout phase, is proposed. The results show reductions of 20% and 11% on an average in the flare variation and flare mean, respectively, compared to that for the original layout for two different flare models studied on three standard sets of benchmark suites. Consequently, a reduction in the dummy fill demand of a similar magnitude is thus obtained.
Fast Sidelobe Calculation and Suppression in Arbitrary Two-Dimensional Phased Arrays

Sidelobe calculation is a common procedure in phased array synthesis. However, the traditional sidelobe calculation method through pattern simulation and peak searching costs a large amount of time. In this letter, we derive a formula for fast sidelobe level calculation in arbitrary 2-D phased arrays. The formula describes the relationship between sidelobe (change throughout the article) level and the element feeding excitations. The result of numerical experiments shows that the proposed method is as accurate as the search method. When applying our formula in a genetic algorithm for sidelobe suppression, the proposed method consumes 0.1% of the computing time compared with the search method in a nonuniformly distributed array of 50 elements.
Performance of Exterior Wood Coatings in Temperate Climates

Wood used in exposed exterior applications degrades and changes color due to weathering. Expanded use of mass timber is resulting in architects increasingly designing structures with wood in exterior exposure. Coatings can reduce the effects of weathering and prolong the visual characteristics of wood. However, coating performance depends on a variety of factors including the blend of resins, oils, pigments, and binders. Coating manufacturers often claim superior performance for products, but data directly comparing different coatings on different species is rarely publicly available. Premature coating failure increases long-term building maintenance expense while potentially enhancing biological degradation and reducing service life. This study compares the performance of 12 exterior wood coatings on 5 wood species. Performance was evaluated according to changes in the components in the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) L*a*b* color space of images taken at 6-month intervals over 18 months of the wood samples. The analysis was performed using Welch’s ANOVA, Games-Howell pairwise comparisons tests, and a clustering procedure using distances between each pair of groups means for the 18 months ΔL*, Δa*, Δb* values. Most of the coatings lost their protective effects within 1 year of exposure due to combinations of biological and ultraviolet radiation (UV) degradation illustrating the difficulty of protecting timber in exterior exposures. This study provides a guide for users wishing to specify coatings for exposed wood in mass timber structures.
Working toward eradicating weight stigma by combating pathologization: A qualitative pilot study using direct contact and narrative medicine

Despite an extensive body of research showing the negative consequences of weight stigma, healthcare providers (HCPs) continue to marginalize fat1 patients through negative attitudes, stereotypical beliefs, and discriminatory actions (Daníelsdóttir et al., 2010; Phelan et al., 2015). Weight stigma is present through all stages of medical training, where derogatory comments about fat patients abound (see Flint, 2015). It is therefore imperative to combat weight stigma early in medical education. Reviews of weight stigma reduction research have shown that existing interventions are ineffective, or, at best, only minimally effective (Alberga et al., 2016; Lee et al., 2014). There is a clear need for new approaches in this field. Fat studies is an interdisciplinary field of scholarship that may offer new insights for intervening in weight stigma, guided by three tenets: first, the oppression of fat people exists on a structural level; second, fat bodies are part of the natural diversity of body sizes; and third, any knowledge produced about fat people should include fat people (Cooper, 2016; Manokaran et al., 2020; Pausé, 2020; Rothblum & Solovay, 2009). In the present study, we draw from the field of fat 1We use the term “fat” as a neutral descriptor of size that is consistent with the field of fat studies (Meadows & Daníelsdóttir, 2016; Rothblum & Solovay, 2009). Received: 3 May 2019 | Revised: 21 September 2020 | Accepted: 22 September 2020 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12717
Novel Extravesical Versus Transvesical Technique for Abdominal Repair of Vesicovaginal Fistula

Objectives To compare the transvesical transabdominal repair of vesicovaginal fistula with novel extravesicaltransabdominal repair with respect to operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, catheterization time, postoperative lower urinary tract symptoms, urodynamic changes, and recurrence rate.Methods A prospective randomized controlled study of 94 consecutive female patients who underwenttransabdominal vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) repair from March 2013 to March 2018 in our center. The patientshad high vesicovaginal fistula that could not be operated on transvaginally: 47 cases were treated with extravesical transabdominal technique, and 47 cases were treated with transvesical transabdominal technique. The primary endpoint is the functional outcome regarding postoperative lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS); secondary outcomes are early recovery and success rates. The follow-up period was 3 months for reporting and dealing with any complications.Results There was no significant difference between the groups regarding demographic data. Extravesical repair of VVF had significantly higher (106.56±10.46 min) operating time than transvesical repair (95.08±7.6 min) P <0.001. There was no significant difference regarding intraoperative blood loss between the extravesical (365.42±81.29 mL) and transvesical (353.12±73.9 mL) groups; P = 0.44). The extravesical group had a significant shorter hospital stay (62.35±12.25 hours) than the transvesical repair group (85.07±12.0 hours) P < 0.001. Postoperative storage LUTS 6 weeks assessed by Overactive Bladder Symptom Score was significantly lower for extravesical repair (1.75±0.59) than for transvesical repair (6.87±2.24) P = 0.001). This was confirmed by urodynamic evaluation. Two patients (4.2%) in the transvesical group but none in the extravesical group experienced fistula recurrence.Conclusions The extravesical transabdominal approach for repair of vesicovaginal fistula is a novel, successful, and versatile technique with reduced hospital stay, reduced postoperative LUTS and possibly fewer recurrences than the transvesical technique, and should be considered for all VVF requiring abdominal repair.
A Benders Decomposition Based Algorithm for Steady-State Dispatch Problem in an Integrated Electricity-Gas System

Optimally operating an integrated electricity-gas system (IEGS) is significant for the energy sector. However, the IEGS operation model's nonconvexity makes it challenging to solve the optimal dispatch problem in the IEGS. This letter proposes a new Benders decomposition-based (IBD) algorithm catering to a commonly used steady-state dispatch model of the IEGS. This IBD algorithm leverages a refined decomposition structure where the subproblems are linear and ready to be solved in parallel. We analytically compare our IBD algorithm with an existing Benders decomposition algorithm and a typical piecewise linearization method. Case studies have substantiated the higher computational efficiency of our IBD algorithm.
Explaining the entrepreneurial intentions of employees: The roles of societal norms, work-related creativity and personal resources

This article addresses the important question of why those in paid employment might be hesitant to start their own businesses. In particular, we predict how diminished work-related creativity of employees might mediate the relationship between their perceptions that societal norms do not support initiative taking and their own entrepreneurial intentions. In addition, we consider how risk tolerance and passion for work might buffer this process. Survey data, collected among public-sector employees in the United Arabic Emirates, confirm these predictions with the exception of indications for a buffering role of passion for work. For entrepreneurship stakeholders, this research reveals a critical factor – a diminished propensity to generate new ideas at work – by which employee beliefs about limited normative support for enterprising efforts may escalate into a reluctance to consider an entrepreneurial career. It also identifies how this process can be muted when employees are willing to take risks.
Dynamic event‐triggered H∞ load frequency control for multi‐area power systems with communication delays

This paper investigates dynamic event‐triggered H∞ load frequency control for multi‐area power systems with communication delays. A novel co‐design method of trigger parameters and H∞ controller based on output feedback is proposed. Unlike routine multiplication operations, this method eliminates rank constraints on the input and output matrices, and avoids the processing of nonlinear terms related to the trigger parameters. Furthermore, under the presented dynamic event‐triggered mechanism, the threshold parameters are dynamically regulated according to the dynamic variation of the system. Therefore, the average data releasing rate can be adjusted in real time to better coordinate the use of network bandwidth resources and requirements of system dynamic performance. Specially, the usage of the infinite‐series‐based inequality and reciprocally convex combination inequality effectively reduces conservatism of the criteria. Finally, some simulations and related comparisons are carried out to demonstrate superiorities of the proposed method.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Azo Dyes Based on Thiazole and Assess the Biological and Laser Efficacy for Them and Study their Dyeing Application

The aim of this work describes the synthesis of disperse dyes in the derivative of 2-amino -4-hydroxy thiazole, which can be used as dyes for polyester fabrics with orange and red color They were obtained by preparing, (2-amino-4hydroxythiazole), then the latter compound was diazotization and couplings to produced (compound III and IV), Which were introduced by another coupling with diazonium salt of compound I diazotization to synthesize disperse (VII,VIII). The synthesized heterocyclic and synthesized dyes were studied by UV Spectroscopy, FT-IR, H-NMR and C-NMR. The substituted dyes Penetrate with good depth on polyester fabrics with a shade of orange and red colors, respectively. That increase heteroatoms and the conjugation in the dyes structure lead to high redshifts and the brightness of shades, color stability is high and fastness properties. The antibacterial activities were studied against different kinds of bacteria, namely Eschershia coli and Klebsiella Pneumonia Gram (-) ve, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Gram (+) ve. In addition, evaluation of laser efficacy was showed for the compounds (I,III,IV,VII,VIII) were radiated by laser for (10, 20, 30) seconds, It was observed that the prepared compounds were not affected and did not polymerize or degradation when measuring melting point and color.