Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Probability of Detection in Judgments of Punishment

In nine experiments — one a questionnaire given to Israeli judges, the rest on the World Wide Web — we examined the effect of probability of detection of an offense on judgments of punishment. When cases differing in probability were separated, we found almost no evidence for attention to probability (as found previously by others). When cases were presented next to each other, however, a substantial minority of subjects took probability into account. Attention to probability was increased in one study by a probe manipulation concerning deterrent effects. We found inconsistent effects of identifying the perpetrator, or of asking subjects to consider policies versus individuals. Some subjects thought that it was unfair to consider probability, but more subjects thought that probability was relevant because of the need for deterrence. We suggest that the failure to consider probability is to some extent an example of the “isolation effect,” in which people do not think much about secondary effects, rather than entirely a result of ideological commitment to a “just desserts” view of punishment. “To enable the value of the punishment to outweigh that of the profit of the offense, it must be increased, in point of magnitude, in proportion as it falls short in point of certainty. ” (Bentham, 1948/1843, Ch. 14, section XVIII).
Project Proposal ME/ECE/CS 539 Stock Trading via Fuzzy Feedback Control

In this project we would try to design a fuzzy feedback control sys-tem for stock trading systems. The output of the controller (control law, control input) is the amount of investment and the input of the controller is the instantaneous price of security we are trading. The goal is to have positive proﬁt from investments at each time instance. Currently, Simultaneous Long-Short (SLS) controller has been introduced in the literature and it has been shown theoretically and by simulation that having SLS controller would lead to positive output of the system (i
Application of zebrafish oculomotor behavior to model human disorders

Abstract To ensure high acuity vision, eye movements have to be controlled with astonishing precision by the oculomotor system. Many human diseases can lead to abnormal eye movements, typically of the involuntary oscillatory eye movements type called nystagmus. Such nystagmus can be congenital (infantile) or acquired later in life. Although the resulting eye movements are well characterized, there is only little information about the underlying etiology. This is in part owing to the lack of appropriate animal models. In this review article, we describe how the zebrafish with its quick maturing visual system can be used to model oculomotor pathologies. We compare the characteristics and assessment of human and zebrafish eye movements. We describe the oculomotor properties of the zebrafish mutant belladonna, which has non-crossing optical fibers, and is a particularly informative model for human oculomotor deficits. This mutant displays a reverse optokinetic response, spontaneous oscillations that closely mimic human congenital nystagmus and abnormal motor behavior linked to circular vection.
X-TREAM project: Task 1b - Survey of the state-of-the-art numerical techniques for solving coupled non-linear multi-physics equations

Nowadays, the precise modeling of a nuclear reactor core is a challenge. This task involves several aspects, from the computational power needed to perform simulations, to the physics and analysis of the outcome. The need to better understand the physical phenomena is critical in order to quantify and qualify nuclear safety parameters. Currently, substantial research has been done in order to optimize the prediction capabilities of coupled codes. The need to better understand the multi-physics coupling between the neutronics and the thermal-hydraulics is required. In this report, state-of-the art of current methods and numerical techniques used in coupled codes are highlighted. A better understanding of the numerical schemes will allows selecting an appropriate algorithm to be implemented in POLCA-T. POLCA-T is the coupled code developed by Westinghouse that currently uses an explicit approach to couple the neutronics (POLCA7) and thermal-hydraulics (RIGEL). The final objective is to implement the concept of the Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov method, which will be used for solving the nonlinear equations which rise from the coupled solution.
Core mental state in irritable bowel syndrome.

OBJECTIVE Psychiatric illness is higher among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) who seek medical care; however, a specific psychopathology that differentiates patients with IBS from patients with other organic gastrointestinal disorders has not been found. In the study described here, we investigated the predominant psychiatric symptoms in women with IBS. METHODS The criteria of Manning et al., as modified by Thompson et al., were used to make the diagnoses of IBS. Psychiatric assessment was performed by using a structured interview in 64 women, aged 20 to 70 years, 36 with IBS and 28 with chronic cholelithiasis. Diagnosis of chronic cholelithiasis was made by histopathological examination. The final diagnoses were confirmed by interview after 1 year. The diagnostic system based on the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) was used to make the current diagnoses. The Present State Examination (PSE)-Index of Definition (ID) computer program (CATEGO) was used to define total psychopathology (total PSE score), current clinical severity (ID), and clusters of psychiatric symptoms. RESULTS No difference in the specific DSM-IV diagnostic categories was found, but there were more total depressive disorders in the IBS group. The ID and total PSE score were high among patients with IBS. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that duration of gastrointestinal pain, and the symptoms of general anxiety, and hypochondriasis significantly predicted a diagnosis of IBS. CONCLUSIONS Female patients with IBS are categorized into the general DSM-IV category of depressive disorder, their current psychiatric severity is high compared with that of women with chronic cholelithiasis, and patients with IBS are characterized by the psychiatric syndromes of general anxiety and hypochondriasis. The implications of these findings and areas for future research are discussed.
Adenosine A2A receptors modulate glutamate uptake in cultured astrocytes and gliosomes

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, where its toxic build‐up leads to synaptic dysfunction and excitotoxic cell death that underlies many neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, efforts have been made to understand the regulation of glutamate transporters, which are responsible for the clearance of extracellular glutamate. We now report that adenosine A2A receptors (A2 AR) control the uptake of D‐aspartate in primary cultured astrocytes as well as in an ex vivo preparation enriched in glial plasmalemmal vesicles (gliosomes) from adult rats, whereas A1R and A3R were devoid of effects. Thus, the acute exposure to the A2 AR agonist, CGS 21680, inhibited glutamate uptake, an effect prevented by the A2 AR antagonist, SCH 58261, and abbrogated in cultured astrocytes from A2 AR knockout mice. Furthermore, the prolonged activation of A2 AR lead to a cAMP/protein kinase A‐dependent reduction of GLT‐I and GLAST mRNA and protein levels, which leads to a sustained decrease of glutamate uptake. This dual mechanism of inhibition of glutamate transporters by astrocytic A2 AR provides a novel candidate mechanism to understand the ability of A2 AR to control synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration, two conditions tightly associated with the control of extracellular glutamate levels by glutamate transporters. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
AKR‐501 (YM477) a novel orally‐active thrombopoietin receptor agonist

Thrombopoietin (TPO) is the principal physiologic regulator of platelet production. We have searched for small molecule compounds that mimic the action of TPO by using human TPO receptor‐expressed in Ba/F3 cells, resulting in the discovery of AKR‐501 (YM477). AKR‐501 specifically targeted the TPO receptor and stimulated megakaryocytopoiesis throughout the development and maturation of megakaryocytes just as rhTPO did. AKR‐501, however, was shown to be effective only in humans and chimpanzees with high species specificity. Therefore, we examined the in vivo platelet‐increasing effect of AKR‐501 in human platelet producing non‐obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice transplanted with human fetal liver CD34+ cells. Daily oral administration of AKR‐501 dose‐dependently increased the number of human platelets in these mice, with significance achieved at doses of 1 mg/kg and above. The peak unbound plasma concentrations of AKR‐501 after administration at 1 mg/kg in NOD/SCID mice were similar to those observed following administration of an active oral dose in human subjects. These results suggest that AKR‐501 is an orally‐active TPO receptor agonist that may be useful in the treatment of patients with thrombocytopenia.
Real-time Obstacle Avoidance of a Two-wheeled Mobile Robot via Minimum Projection Method

This paper considers real-time obstacle avoidance control of a two-wheeled nonholonomic mobile robot. In this paper, we propose a discontinuous asymptotic stabilizing state feedback control law for a real-time obstacle avoidance problem via the minimum projection method. The method guarantees asymptotic stability and reduces the computational cost. The effectiveness of the proposed method is comfirmed by experiments.
Key Issues in Design and Manufacture of Magnetic-Geared Dual-Rotor Motor for Hybrid Vehicles

This paper presents a practical design guide for the magnetic-geared dual-rotor motor (MGDRM), which is one of the candidates of the power split device in hybrid electric vehicles. The spoke-type permanent magnet rotor and simplified complementary structure are first used to form a new MGDRM, which exhibits less flux leakage, less cost, and less torque ripple. Based on this structure, an FEA aided key dimensions design technique, considering the height of the outer rotor, is developed with the goal of generating maximum torque for a given motor volume. The method also takes the core saturation into consideration. Moreover, to enhance the manufacturability of the complimentary MGDRM, a unique technique is proposed to implement the dual rotor structure with simple components. A prototype of 16 kW is designed and manufactured. Experiments are carried out on a hybrid powertrain test bench, verifying the proposed design and manufacture technique.
Iterative noncoherent block detection of coded MPSK for cooperative relay systems

Maximum likelihood (ML) noncoherent block detection techniques are investigated for block-coded MPSK modulation in cooperative decode-and-forward relay systems over slow fading channels. A decision-directed iterative Viterbi algorithm (IVA) is derived for a suboptimal ML noncoherent detection. Simulation results show that the IVA can approach the error performances of the exhaustive detection method but at a lower complexity.
Impact of Frequency-Dependent and Nonlinear Parameters on Transient Analysis of Through Silicon Vias Equivalent Circuit

This paper introduces an equivalent circuit model for through silicon vias including the nonlinear effect of metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitance. This nonlinear effect is combined to the frequency-dependent via resistance and inductance, as well as capacitance and conductance of the silicon substrate for a transient analysis. The impact of frequency-dependent RLCG parameters and the nonlinear depletion capacitance on signal propagation, crosstalk and eye diagram is studied using the proposed equivalent circuit model.
Pharmacokinetics and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Andrographolide in Rats

Pain management is most critical in the management of veterinary patient. In current scenario, long term medication with pain management drugs is associated with various side effects and expenses of various synthetic drugs are rising. So scientist interest is renewed in traditional systems of medicine to find out effective, safer and cheaper remedy for animals and humans. In this context it had been shown in several animal studies that extracts of Andrographis paniculata and its constituents, namely the diterpene lactone andrographolide, have anti-inflammatory properties and possibly associated with the inhibition of the PAF-mediated inflammatory response (Amroyan et al., 1999) and the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in macrophages (Chiou et al., 1998). Most of pharmacokinetic and anti-inflammatory studies of andrographolide were conducted following oral and intravenous route. However, in veterinary clinical medicine intramuscular route is most important route of drug administration. So aim of this study was International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 9 (2017) pp. 1458-1463 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Low Temperature–Scanning Electron Microscopy to Evaluate Morphology and Predation of Scolothrips sexmaculatus Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Spider Mites (Acari: Tetranychidae: Tetranychus spp.)

This paper reports the potential usefulness of low temperature-scanning electron microscopy (LT–SEM) to evaluate morphology and predation behavior of the six-spotted thrips ( Scolothrips sexmaculatus Pergande) against the two-spotted spider mite [ Tetranychus urticae (Koch)]. Morphological features of stage II larva, pupa, and adult six-spotted thrips are imaged for the first time, including fine detail of (1) chemoreceptors on larval and adult antennae and (2) structural differences of the mesothoracic spiracle (or the stigmata). Aspects of predation by the six-spotted thrips on the two-spotted spider mites are seen for the first time using LT–SEM. Based on these images, two possible functions of the barbed setae on the six-spotted thrips may be (1) its potential to eliminate sticky exudates on webbing laid down by the mite, and (2) barbs may redirect web strands away from the body of the thrips as it approaches its prey.
A Multi-Layered Framework for Building Multilingual Sentiment Lexicons

Sentiment analysis is a field of science that has contributed to extract and analyse public mood and views. However, it mainly focuses on building systems and resources in English, which caused delays in the exploit of more than 73% of data written in languages other than English 1 . In this regard, this paper proposes a multi-layered framework for building multilingual sentiment lexicons. The layers divide based on the input resource to i) lexicon-based layer, ii) corpus-based layer, iii) human-based layer. Each layer sends its output as input to the next layer. Ultimately, a new lexicon of the target language is built and extended to be used in sentiment analysis tasks.
Everyone already has their community beyond the screen : Reconceptualizing learning and expanding boundaries

Under a prominent recent regime of online education, often represented in the scholarship as a “social constructive learning paradigm”, learning is defined as a social practice that involves a group of students actively participating in collaborative knowledge construction processes. Pedagogical theories and strategies developed and utilised in that regime focus extensively on enabling student-to-student interaction and building communities of learners in online learning environments. In this context, where the notions of “collaborative” learning and learning “community” have gained substantial legitimacy from relevant theoretical traditions, other beliefs about meaningful learning are likely to be harshly criticised or, at best, simply neglected. However, it is not at all difficult to notice a gap between the accepted theoretical ideas of effective online learning and actual pedagogical practices in most online education institutions. Here, I aim to reduce that theory-practice gap by reconceptualising online learning using a double-layered Community of Practice (CoP) model. That module conceptualises online learning as interlinked processes of participation and socialisation in multiple communities across internal and external or online and offline “layers” of learners’ lives. The model helps online course designers and instructors to expand the boundaries of their course environments or designs to reach out to students’ personal and professional lives and to make sense of online learning experiences that are shaped by their interactions with other members of different communities outside the course environments. Using data, three students’ narratives, collected from a series of case studies on learners’ learning experiences in three different types of online courses (or programmes), this article effectively demonstrates how difficult it is to develop a strong CoP nested and sustained within online learning environments, which usually have a close finish. The article further argues that it may be useful for instructional designers to expend their view on learning environment to include distance learners’ life situations beyond their computer screens. Everyone has their own community in which they naturally learn, develop, and live with other members outside the courses. Thus, rather than putting so much effort to form a community inside our learning environment, we may want to think about more effectively support our students to form a stronger and more sustainable community in their lives through being engaged in learning activities in our course.
Analysis of Novel Annotations in the Gene Ontology for Boosting the Selection of Negative Examples

Public repositories for genome and proteome annotations, such as the Gene Ontology (GO), rarely stores negative annotations, i.e. proteins not possessing a given function. This leaves undefined or ill defined the set of negative examples,which is crucial for training the majority of machine learning methods inferring proteins functions. Automated techniques to choose reliable negative proteins are thereby required to train accurate function prediction models. This study proposes the first extensive analysis of the temporal evolution of protein annotations in the GO repository. Novel annotations registered through the years have been analyzed to verify the presence of annotation patterns in the GO hierarchy. Our research supplied fundamental clues about proteins likely to be unreliable as negative examples, that has been verified into a novel algorithm of our own construction, validated on two organisms in a genome wide fashion against approaches proposed to choose negative examples in the context of functional prediction.
Performance evaluation of CACC / platooning under ITS-G 5 communication

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are aiming to provide innovative services related to different modes of transport and traffic management, and enable various users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated and smarter use of transport networks. Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS) support connectivity between vehicles, vehicles and roadside infrastructure, traffic signals as well as with other road users. In order to enable vehicular communications European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) delivered ITS-G5 – a of set of C-ITS standards. Considering the goals of C-ITS, inter-vehicle communications should be reliable and efficient. In this thesis we study the performance, efficiency, and dependability of ITS-G5 communications for Cooperative adaptive cruise control (C-ACC) and platooning C-ITS applications. We provide an overview of currently available and ongoing standardization targeting communications in C-ACC/platooning. We study the performance of ITS-G5 beaconing in a C-ACC/platooning scenario, where we show that its performance may deteriorate when implemented in cooperative driving applications due to the kinematic-dependent design of the message triggering mechanism. We explain in detail the cause of this phenomenon and test it for a wide range of parameters. Also, we study the influence of different available ITS-G5 legitimate setups on the C-ACC/platooning fuel efficiency and demonstrate that proper communication setup may enhance fuel savings. This thesis also proposes a jamming denial-of-service attack detection algorithm for platooning. The main advantage of our detector is its short learning phase that not exceed a second and low detection delay of a few hundreds of milliseconds. Under some assumptions, the proposed algorithm demonstrates the ability to detect certain types of attacks with average probability above 0.9.
SUMMA at TAC Knowledge Base Population Task 2017

This paper describes the SUMMA system for the Trilingual Entity Discovery and Linking (EDL) for the TAC 2017 Knowledge Base Population track. We used an entity recognition based on a LSTM+CRF neural network and two different approaches for entity linking disambiguation: a nearest-neighbors search engine and a distributed representation based on previous work of Yamada et al. (2017). We submitted 3 runs for named and nominal EDL task, across all 3 languages (English, Spanish and Chinese). Our system scored as first out of 24 teams for named mention linking (NERLC) and mention clustering (CEAFmC) for English and as third in the same metrics for Spanish.
Do gender differences and task difficulty level have an effect on audio inattentional deafness

The aim of this study was to test whether gender differences and task difficulty level have an effect on audio inattentional deafness rates. It was expected that there would be a significant difference in the number of male and female auditory tones detected between male and female participants on either a high or low task difficulty level due to inattentional deafness. Two independent samples t-tests and a between groups ANOVA were carried out on twenty Dublin Business School students (N=20) both male (N=10, 50%) and female (N=10, 50%). Results showed that there were no significant differences between genders on number of tones detected. Similarly, no significant result was found between gender of participant and gender of audio input on number of tones detected. In addition, no significant results were found between task difficulty level and number of tones detected. Suggestions for limitations and further directions were discussed.