Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DISTRIBUTED MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING WITH OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION FOR PV SYSTEMS

This paper presents an integral solution of the overvoltage problem caused by mismatched conditions when DC-DC converter outputs of PV systems are connected in series, and a distributed maximum power point tracking architecture is implemented. The operating conditions that cause the overvoltage problem are discussed in detail and the consequences of the overvoltage problem are illustrated. The proposed solution is based on a structure that includes a non-linear controller, two linear controllers, and a maximum power point tracking algorithm. Such a solution makes it possible to regulate the PV voltage according to the MPPT controller commands and to limit the DC-DC converter output voltage to avoid damages. The non-linear control structure is experimentally validated with a boost converter and a BP585 PV panel. Simulation results show that the proposed integral solution allows the operation of PV panels in the feasible maximum power point and protects the integrity of the DC-DC converters, avoiding the overvoltage problem caused by mismatched conditions.
Improvement of RAMS precipitation forecast at the short-range through lightning data assimilation

Abstract. This study shows the application of a total lightning data assimilation technique to the RAMS (Regional Atmospheric Modeling System) forecast. The method, which can be used at high horizontal resolution, helps to initiate convection whenever flashes are observed by adding water vapour to the model grid column. The water vapour is added as a function of the flash rate, local temperature, and graupel mixing ratio. The methodology is set up to improve the short-term (3 h) precipitation forecast and can be used in real-time forecasting applications. However, results are also presented for the daily precipitation for comparison with other studies. The methodology is applied to 20 cases that occurred in fall 2012, which were characterized by widespread convection and lightning activity. For these cases a detailed dataset of hourly precipitation containing thousands of rain gauges over Italy, which is the target area of this study, is available through the HyMeX (HYdrological cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment) initiative. This dataset gives the unique opportunity to verify the precipitation forecast at the short range (3 h) and over a wide area (Italy). Results for the 27 October case study show how the methodology works and its positive impact on the 3 h precipitation forecast. In particular, the model represents better convection over the sea using the lightning data assimilation and, when convection is advected over the land, the precipitation forecast improves over the land. It is also shown that the precise location of convection by lightning data assimilation improves the precipitation forecast at fine scales (meso-β). The application of the methodology to 20 cases gives a statistically robust evaluation of the impact of the total lightning data assimilation on the model performance. Results show an improvement of all statistical scores, with the exception of the bias. The probability of detection (POD) increases by 3–5 % for the 3 h forecast and by more than 5 % for daily precipitation, depending on the precipitation threshold considered. Score differences between simulations with or without data assimilation are significant at 95 % level for most scores and thresholds considered, showing the positive and statistically robust impact of the lightning data assimilation on the precipitation forecast.
Benefiting from the Internet. Do type of device and demographic background matter? : a comparison of achieved Internet effects between devices and user groups.

In the public discourse and academic literature about Internet usage and the digital divide, benefits of the Internet are a widely discussed topic. However, little attention has yet been paid to the role of device use in the way one benefits from the Internet. Therefore this study seeks to investigate the influence of devices, as well as one’s socio-demographic background, on achieving outcomes from the Internet. In other words: who benefits the most from the Internet via which device? Based on a review of the literature about Internet usage, this study firstly identifies six Internet effects: economic, social bridging, social bonding, entertainment, institutional and health. After developing an Internet effects scale on the basis of these six Internet effects, a survey was conducted amongst 339 Dutch Internet users in the age group of 15-35 years. Results show that it does not matter whether one uses a desktop, laptop, smartphone or tablet for benefiting from the Internet. When looking at socio-demographic characteristics, results show that higher educated, young men seem to take more advantages from the Internet than other groups.
SURVEYING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL CAPITAL AND TALENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN DRILLING IRANIAN NATIONAL COMPANY

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between social capital and talent management system in National Iranian Drilling Company located in Ahwaz. This research is applied research and correlation. The employees of Iranian National Iranian Drilling Company form the population which among them 100 people selected as a sample using Corcoran formula. The main tool of this study ate the standard questionnaires of social capital and talent management system. Using the opinion of university professors and company experts, the Reliability confirmed again. The validity of questionnaires obtained above 0.70. In order to analyze the data resulted from collected questionnaires deductive and descriptive statistical methods are used. The results Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test shows the test distribution is Normal. So we can use Pearson Correlation coefficients to test the hypothesis of the research. In order to determine the relationship between the variables of the study, the SPSS tool has been used. Findings indicate that between social capital and talent management systems and all the
The influence of interpretation on visitors behaviour in the Kruger National Park

It is a well-known fact that interpretation influences visitors’ behaviour to be more in line with respect for the environment, philanthropic support for conservation and generally environmental sound behaviour. This study made use of two theories, the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and the cognitive dissonance theory, to examine the influence of interpretation on both attitudes and behaviour within the Kruger National Park. Apart from the confirmation of these theories by means of structural equation modelling, this chapter also empirically confirmed a classification of interpretation by means of an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
What is meant by adaptability in buildings

Purpose Despite being a common term in the literature, there is little agreement about what the word “adaptability” means in the context of the built environment and very little evidence regarding practitioners’ understanding of adaptability. This paper aims to examine what practitioners in the building industry mean when they talk about “adaptability”. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative approach, involving 82 unstructured face-to-face interviews with practitioners from a range of professional disciplines in the construction industry, including architects, engineers, facilities managers, property agents and planners. The interview transcripts were coded inductively to identify themes in the qualitative data. Findings The interview data revealed a wide range of perspectives on adaptability, particularly regarding terminology, the meanings practitioners associate with adaptability and the way in which these meanings are communicated to others in the industry. The applied meaning of adaptability varied depending on context. Practical implications Conflicting language, and different interpretations of adaptability, is a potential barrier to the development of adaptable buildings. A clearer articulation of the meaning of adaptability (particularly by clients) during briefing and design could give rise to a more appropriate level of adaptability in the built environment. Originality/value This study has addressed a gap in the existing literature by foregrounding the voices of industry practitioners and exploring their (sometimes very different) interpretations of adaptability in buildings.
Assessment of the Immediate Impacts of the 2013–2014 Drought on Ecosystems of the California Central Coast

Abstract. A methodology was developed to assess the impacts of the historic 2013–2014 drought on ecosystems of California's Central Coast region, using a combination of satellite image analysis and in situ measurements of soil moisture in predominant vegetation types of the region. According to differences in Landsat drought indices for plant water stress and vegetation green cover (NDWI and NDVI, respectively), the geographic areas within the study region that were most severely impacted by the 2013 drought were the inland Carmel Valley in northern Monterey County and the coastal zones around San Simeon Point and Cambria in northern San Luis Obispo County. An expanded area of severe vegetation moisture stress, generally indicated by relative-differenced NDWI values of >400, was detected by May 2014 in both of these same geographic areas. For more detailed examination of drought impacts, the entire study region was separated into the 3 predominant vegetation types (grasslands, shrublands, and forests) to examine changes in Landsat NDWI and NDVI in the context of differing plant community responses to severe drought. Results confirmed that higher overall drought stress in 2013 and 2014 was detected in grasslands, compared to shrublands and forests, in both years at all elevations and slopes >200 m and >5%, respectively.
A Camera as a Polarized Light Compass: Preliminary Experiments

Sunlight entering the Earth’ s atmosphere is scattered by atmospheric molecules producing a polarization pattern that is symmetrical about a line defined by the zenith and the current Sun position. This pattern can be observed and used to establish a reference direction for navigation. This paper reviews the topic and presents preliminary experimental results in which the polarization pattern is detected using a colour video camera.
Classical solution for ghost D-branes in string field theory

A ghost D-brane has been proposed as an object that cancels the effects of a D-branes. We construct a classical solution with an arbitrary number of D-branes and ghost D-branes in the context of open string field theory. Cancellation of BRST cohomolgy between D-branes and ghost D-branes is shown.
A Novel Broadband Quasi-fractal Binary Tree Dipole

With the development of fractal theory, fractal geometries are widely used in the antenna design. In this paper, a novel dipole antenna based on the quasi-fractal binary tree is proposed. To achieve broadband characteristics, the proposed antenna is optimized in an auto- mated design, making use of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) in conjunction with NEC (Numerical Electromagnetic Codes) and cluster parallel computation. A design result is presented. A proto- type of the designed antenna has been fabricated and tested. Results of the measurement verify the designed antenna is able to provide a broad impedance bandwidth. DOI: 10.2529/PIERS060904094821
GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL METHOD TO MONITOR THE TEMPERATURE OF CERAMIC FURNACS

The temperature control of a firing process is critical to the quality of any ceramic products. One of the temperature monitoring techniques is statistical process control or the utilization of control charts. However, the structure of observed data, autocorrelation, significantly affects the capability of the monitored processes. The selection of inappropriate types of control chart in this scenario might lead to an excessive number of false alarms or the loss of the ability to detect a special cause. As a result, a characterization of widely used control charts is performed in order to understand the characteristics of each control chart under autocorrelated situations. The results indicate that EWMA charts are more robust to false alarms than MR charts except when φ is between 0.6 and 1.0. Moreover, when there is an assignable cause, EWMA charts have also outperformed MR charts because of their sensitivity to a shift. To validate the empirical results, both charts are utilized to monitor a set of actual autocorrelated processes in the observed temperature of a ceramic furnace. In conclusion, the characterization has given practitioners opportunities to choose and utilize a suitable control chart to monitor the temperature of ceramic furnaces.
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND DRIVING BEHAVIOR AMONG PROFESSIONAL MINIBUS DRIVERS AT ZAGAZIG CITY, SHARQIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT.

Introduction: According to The Egyptian Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), 72% of road traffic accidents occur due to aberrant driving behavior. Substance abuse particularly cannabis is commonly used among Egyptian commercial drivers and seriously affects safe driving. Aim of work: To assess the magnitude of substance abuse among a sample of professional minibus drivers, Zagazig city, Sharqia Governorate, Egypt, to investigate their driving behavior and to determine the predicting factors for the risky driving behavior as a major cause of road accidents. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Al Ahrar main public station, Zagazig city, Sharqia Governorate, Egypt on a sample of 130 commercial drivers. A structured questionnaire was introduced to all participants and included data on socio occupational status and the driving behavior questionnaire (DBQ) which is composed of 26 items. Substance abuse was screened through rapid assessment urine test. Results: Among the participants, 57.7% tested positive for substance abuse and the most common abused substance was cannabis which represented 80% of the positive participants. The DBQ scores were higher among substance abused drivers with statistical significant difference particularly in most of violations and error items. The predictors for aberrant driving behavior were low income, excessive speeding, previous involvement in road traffic crash and substance abuse. Conclusion: Illicit drugs are commonly used by Egyptian professional drivers and seriously affect safe driving. Regular traffic police campaigns for screening of substance abuse among commercial drivers and applying of road safety awareness program can lower the prevalence and burden of road traffic accidents in Egypt.
The development of skin immersion clearing method for increasing of laser exposure efficiency on subcutaneous objects

In this paper we have studied effect of a hyperosmotic optical clearing agent (OCA), such as polyethylene glycol, on the fluorescence intensity from a target located in subcutaneous area in the model experiments. As a fluorescence agent the nanocomposite including gold nanorods with hematophorphyrin was used. The remitted fluorescent signal traveling to the tissue surface was monitored over time as the tissue was treated with the OCA. The detected fluorescent signal increased as the scattering in tissue samples was substantially reduced. The study has shown how OCA can be used to improve the detected signal at localization of subcutaneous target tissue at the photothermal or photodynamic therapy. Immersion clearing of skin can be also useful for improvement of laser exposure efficiency due to the increasing of light penetration depth.
Partial Verification Results

In recent years, program analysis tools have been increasingly applied to real-world software to prevent defects as early as possible. Examples of such tools include both static analyzers and automatic test case generation tools. While the la er traditionally underapproximate the possible program executions to find errors, the former traditionally consider additional program executions that are not actually possible in the analyzed program. This makes it possible to efficiently analyze programs with a large or infinite number of program executions and to prove the correctness of the analyzed program in case the analysis over-approximates the possible program executions (i.e., is sound). As a consequence, static analyzers may report spurious errors that do not reveal real defects in the analyzed program. In practice, many static analyzer neither undernor over-approximate the program executions of the analyzed program. Their designers trade soundness for other qualities—such as precision, performance, and automation—by deliberately ignoring certain checks (e.g., that a method respects its write effect specification) or by deliberately making assumptions that do not hold for all program executions (e.g., that no arithmetic overflow occurs). These characteristics of static analyzers motivate why verification results are often partial in practice: ( ) some assertions of a program have neither been verified nor have been shown to lead to a defect (i.e., may be spurious errors) and ( ) some program executions—including ones thatmay result in defects—have been ignored due to sources of deliberate unsoundness in the analysis. To express and share such results with the user or other program analysis tools, we have developed a technique for annotating programs with partial verification results using two new language constructs. For instance, these allow us to express if a property could not definitely be verified and if a property has only been verified under assumptions that might not always hold. We describe several novel use cases for expressing partial verification results fromdiverse areas of program analysis—such as test case generation, specification inference, counterexample-based error reporting, and static analysis.
Site U1467

1 Betzler, C. , Eberli, G.P., Alvarez Zarikian, C.A. , Alonso-García, M. , Bialik, O.M. , Blättler, C.L. , Guo, J.A. , Haffen, S. , Horozal, S. , Inoue, M. , Jovane, L. , Kroon, D. , Lanci, L. , Laya, J.C. , Ling Hui Mee, A. , Lüdmann, T. , Nakakuni, M. , Nath, B.N. , Niino, K. , Petruny, L.M. , Pratiwi, S.D. , Reijmer, J.J.G. , Reolid, J., Slagle, A.L. , Sloss, C.R. , Su, X. , Swart, P.K. , Wright, J.D. , Yao, Z. , and Young, J.R. , 2017. Site U1467. In Betzler, C. , Eberli, G.P., Alvarez Zarikian, C.A. , and the Expedition 359 Scientists, Maldives Monsoon and Sea Level. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 359: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). http://dx.doi. org/10.14379/iodp.proc.359.105. 2017 2 Expedition 359 Scientists’ addresses. MS 359-105: Published 4 May 2017 This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
Defining an Embodiment Space for Intelligibility

One fundamental barrier to the wide-scale adoption of intelligible systems is the lack of commonly available software designs that allow system designers to readily refer to and complete the finished product with intelligible capabilities. A number of intelligible systems and toolkits that provide different kinds of explanations have been proposed. It is still unclear how the additional information needed to provide these explanations into the engineering process of such an intelligible system. In this paper, we propose a framework Embodiment Space that uses Activity Theory as an instrument to help model the interaction for improving end-user understanding of intelligible systems. We then connect the Embodiment Space with software architectural patterns as a tool for supporting the implementation process. We present several examples, rooted in the Embodiment Space framework, in which explanations are provided for each of the difficult circumstances experienced by the end-user.
A low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample - I. Overluminous host spheroidals or undermassive black holes?

Recognizing the properties of the host galaxies of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) is essential to understand the suspected coevolution of central supermassive black holes (BHs) and their host galaxies. We selected a subsample of the Hamburg/ESO survey for bright UV-excess QSOs, containing only the 99 nearest QSOs with redshift z<=0.06, that are close enough to allow detailed structural analysis. From this "low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample", we observed 20 galaxies and performed aperture photometry and bulge-disk-bar-AGN-decomposition with BUDDA on near-infrared J, H, K band images. From the photometric decomposition of these 20 objects and visual inspection of images of another 26, we find that ~50% of the hosts are disk galaxies and most of them (86%) are barred. Stellar masses, calculated from parametric models based on inactive galaxy colors, range from 2x10^9 M_sun to 2x10^11 M_sun. Black hole masses measured from single epoch spectroscopy range from 1x10^6 M_sun to 5x10^8 M_sun. In comparison to higher luminosity QSO samples, LLQSOs tend to have lower stellar and BH masses. Also, in the effective radius vs. mean surface-brightness projection of the fundamental plane, they lie in the transition area between luminous QSOs and "normal" galaxies. This can be seen as further evidence that they can be pictured as a "bridge" between the local Seyfert population and luminous QSOs at higher redshift. Eleven low-luminosity QSOs for which we have reliable morphological decompositions and BH mass estimations lie below the published BH mass vs. bulge luminosity relations for inactive galaxies. This could be partially explained by bulges of active galaxies containing much younger stellar populations than bulges of inactive galaxies. Also, one could suspect that their BHs are undermassive. This might hint at the growth of the host spheroid to precede that of the BH.
Testing the scaling effects and mechanisms of N‐induced biodiversity loss: evidence from a decade‐long grassland experiment

Although extensive studies demonstrate that nitrogen (N) enrichment frequently reduces plant diversity within small quadrats (0.5–4 m2), only a few studies have evaluated N effects on biodiversity across different spatial scales. We conducted the first experimental test of the scale dependence of N effects on species richness from a 10‐year N treatment (1.75–28 g N m−2 year−1) in a typical steppe. We used species–area relationship (SAR) to analyse the scale dependence of species loss with power model S = cAz (S is species number, A is area, c is intercept, and z is slope). Absolute species loss decreased at sampling area > 8 m2. Proportional species loss (compared to control) decreased and critical threshold (Ncrit) for biodiversity losses increased with sampling areas. These scale dependences were quantified as increasing slope (z‐value) of SAR with N addition. Through SAR decomposition, we found that this overall positive effect was in response to positive effects of changes to the species abundance distribution over negative effects of overall species richness losses. Synthesis. As nitrogen (N) enrichment typically occurs at scales much larger than individual plots, understanding how N enrichment affects the scaling patterns of biodiversity is necessary for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management in response to anthropogenic N deposition.
A learning method by stochastic connection weight update

In this paper, we propose a learning method that updates a synaptic weight in probability which is proportional to an output error. Proposed method can reduce computational complexity of learning and at the same time, it can improve the classification ability. We point out that an example that produces small output error does not contribute to update of a synaptic weight. As learning progresses, the number of the small error examples will be increasing compared to the big one is decreasing. This unbalance will cause difficulty in learning large error examples. Proposed method cancels this phenomenon and improves the learning ability. Validity of proposed method is confirmed through computer simulation.