Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Cleanliness of Surfaces: Innovative Molecular Approaches vs. Standard Spore Assays

A bacterial spore assay and a molecular DNA microarray method were compared for their ability to assess relative cleanliness in the context of bacterial abundance and diversity on spacecraft surfaces. Colony counts derived from the NASA standard spore assay were extremely low on spacecraft surfaces. However, PhyloChip G3 DNA microarray resolved the genetic signatures of a highly diverse suite of 30 microorganisms in the very same sample set. Samples completely devoid of cultivable spores were shown to harbor the DNA of more than 100 distinct microbial phylotypes. Furthermore, samples with higher numbers of cultivable spores did not necessarily give rise to a greater microbial diversity upon analysis with the DNA microarray. The findings of this study clearly demonstrated that there is not a statistically significant correlation between the cultivable spore counts obtained from a sample and the 35 degree of bacterial diversity present. Based on these results it can be stated that a validated state-of-the-art molecular techniques, such as DNA microarrays, can be utilized in parallel with classical culture-based methods to further describe the cleanliness of spacecraft surfaces. spore microbial for example a total spore threshold of <5 x 10 5 on the entire is mandated for all spacecraft destined Mars, at the time of launch. Whether spore counts derived by NASA standard protocols correlate well with total spacecraft-associated bioburden inclusive of all microbial diversity, however, has never been thoroughly examined in the modern era. Current understanding is limited to the NASA specification 205 which permits surface densities of vegetative organisms to be estimated at ten times the value obtained for spores in the standard spore assay. In this study, microbial diversity profiles resulting from PhyloChip G3 DNA microarray analyses were directly compared with spore counts arising from the same spacecraft surface samples. The results summarized here suggest that the presence of a certain subset of the microbial population will fail to be accounted for if the standard spore assay alone is used to assess 210 spacecraft bioburden. This underestimation of bioburden will in turn increase the probability of transferring terrestrial microorganisms to Mars. The next generation of missions will include life-detection instruments which have the possibility to be compromised if the appropriate tools and standards are not in place prior to their conception and assembly.
An investigation into DOW and MOND indices with fuzzy logic based on fire and explosion risk assessment in Iran oil refinery

With regard to a study on accidents in chemical industries, approximately 2.3 percent of the damage is related to explosion. The explosions happen in no time and there will be no opportunity to avoid them, therefore, explosion damage is more than fire damage. Fire and explosion risks always exist in gas and oil industries. The present paper intends to assess fie, explosion, and toxicity risks based on MOND and DOW indices, and then compare the indices with each other regarding fuzzy logic. The last version of fire, explosion, and toxicity index introduction was used in the process subunits in northern Isomax unit of Tehran oil refinery. The important process subunits in northern Iso-max unit were recognized based on process effective factors such as pressure, temperature, and value of the materials. In the next step, factors affecting fire, explosion and toxicity index (TF& EI) were recognized and estimated. Moreover, (TF& EI) index was calculated for each subunit, and then time duration and real rate of damage and their effects were studied. The results indicated that 6 subunits out of 8 had high fire, explosion and toxicity degree of risk. One of the subunits had high and the other had medium degree of risk. 2V432 catalytic conversion reactor is the most important subunit of northern Isomax unit; it has the highest rank of fire, explosion, and toxicity risk; its fire risk equals 232.4 and its toxicity risk equals 49.3. 2H432 reactor feed heater with 124.8 degree of fire risk and 7.2 degree of toxicity risk has the minimum fire risk and the medium toxicity risk, respectively. The research shows that fire, explosion and toxicity index is a proper method to determine the most and least hazardous points of an industry. Catalytic conversion reactor is the most critical unit regarding fire, explosion, and toxicity. Original Article: Received 4 Jun. 2014 Accepted 17 Aug. 2014 Published 30 Sep. 2014
BUSINESS PROCESS SIMULATION IN REFERENCE DOCUMENT FILING ON HEALTH INSURANCE ("ASKES") PATIENT

PT Askes is a State-owned enterprise that engaged in healthcare. Due to the number of participants and branches as well as the services provided by PT Askes, the business processes are often delayed ("congestion"). Modeling and simulation of business processes (BPM) and BPMN can help resolve the issue. The research method is: collecting data, modeling the system running BP, then performed a simulation of the two simulation models. Those two models are comparing and analyzed to get the optimal model. So that the number of steps is reduced from 21 to 15 steps. And then the optimal model was deploying to active designer.
Modern quantum optics of mid gap chalcogen donors in single crystal silicon

In this thesis the reasons for pursuing an optically addressable quantum object in silicon are outlined before introducing some possible technological applications. Chalcogen donor electron systems in silicon are then discussed as a candidate for these quantum technologies. The chalcogen donor complexes in silicon allow the solid-state analogues of hydrogen and helium to be studied. The time-resolved Fourier transform technique was employed to measure the photoluminescence from a selenium doped silicon sample when pumped above band gap at the temperatures 10 K, 80 K and 300 K. The excited state lifetime of the 2p0 state was found to be 28.2 ns for atomic centres and 66.4 ns for molecular centres at 10 K. The lifetimes were seen to be similar across large emission bands indicating a rate limiting step. A multi-colour pump-probe experiment, using time-resolved Fourier transform spectroscopy, was performed at the FELIX institute to determine the excited state lifetimes of the 2p0 and 1s(T2) to be <2.5 ns and 10.62 ns respectively. A system of 5 coupled rate equations was then implemented to verify the experimental results. The lifetimes were theoretically determined from three sets of initial conditions. Carriers were initially positioned in the conduction band, modelling the photoluminescence experiment, the 2p and 1s states, imitating the FELIX experiment. The 2p state was shown to have two decay lifetimes, one 15.1 ps and the second of 7.24 ns. The first fast decay is due to the pure 2p state relaxation while the second long lifetime is a result of the 1s(T2) state in uencing the 2p excited state lifetime. The 1s(T2) excited state lifetime that back-fills the 2p state elongates the 2p excited state lifetime, causing the lifetime to appear longer than the true lifetime. This research implies that silicon has the potential to be an accessible test bed for quantum experiments by showing that it could be possible to create isolated non-interacting donor centres that are individually optically addressable by mid-IR laser light.
Performance Assessment of Mongla Seaport in Bangladesh

The objective of this study is to assess the performance of Mongla sea port in Bangladesh during 2001-2010 periods. It also attempts to identify the problems and prospects associated with the seaport. Data indicate that the port incurred losses for several consecutive years at the beginning of the 21 st century. However, the scenario has been changing since 2008. On an average, the port handles about 20 percent of total trading activities of Bangladesh through applying 40 percent of its total capacity. The study findings indicate that heavy siltation in Pussur channel, lack of dredging work at the channel, inadequate hinterland facility and lack of government attention are the main problems which ultimately hamper the performance of the port. In spite of having the said problems and being underutilized, Mongla seaport has potentialities to contribute in regional and national economy of the country. The study results indicate that if some development projects are implemented, about 70 percent of its capacity could be utilized which could make a profit of about 4 million US$ per year.
THE LEVEL SET METHOD APPLIED TO THREE-DIMENSIONAL DETONATION WAVE PROPAGATION

On the basis of previous works on 2D detonation pr4opagation, the code LS3D employing the level set method to calculate 3D detonation wave propagation has developed in this paper. With this code some propagation processes of detonation waves in HEs without boundaries and in different shaped IHE JB9014 charges, both initiated in different ways, have been studied, including multi-point initiation, rate stick, plane wave lens and two detonation wave interaction. The calculated results for JB9014 explosive agree well with the experimental results.
Evaluation of an electrochemically aligned collagen yarn for textile scaffold fabrication

Collagen is the major component of the extracellular matrix in human tissues and widely used in the fabrication of tissue engineered scaffolds for medical applications. However, these forms of collagen gels and films have limitations due to their inferior strength and mechanical performance and their relatively fast rate of degradation. A new form of continuous collagen yarn has recently been developed for potential usage in fabricating textile tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, we prepared the continuous electrochemical aligned collagen yarns from acid-soluble collagen that was extracted from rat tail tendons (RTTs) using 0.25 M acetic acid. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the major component of the extracted collagen contained alpha 1 and alpha 2 chains and the triple helix structure of Type 1 collagen. The collagen solution was processed to monofilament yarns in continuous lengths by using a rotating electrode electrochemical compaction device. Exposing the non-crosslinked collagen yarns and the collagen yarns crosslinked with 1-ethyl-3-(-3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride to normal physiological hydrolytic degradation conditions showed that both yarns were able to maintain their tensile strength during the first 6 weeks of the study. Cardiosphere-derived cells showed significantly enhanced attachment and proliferation on the collagen yarns compared to synthetic polylactic acid filaments. Moreover, the cells were fully spread and covered the surface of the collagen yarns, which confirmed the superiority of collagen in terms of promoting cellular adhesion. The results of this work indicated that the aligned RTT collagen yarns are favorable for fabricating biotextile scaffolds and are encouraging for further studies of various textile structure for different tissue engineering applications.
Anisotropy of Stable Single Domain Ferrimagnetic Particles in a Rock Sample from Gyroremanent Magnetization and Comparison with Other Anisotropy Methods

The orientation of stable single domain (SSD) ferrimagnetic particles in an igneous rock sample was determined by a sensitive technique utilizing gyroremanent magnetization (GRM). Components of GRM were measured in the sample upon exposure to an alternating field (AF) at various orientations in 3 orthogonal planes. The major components of GRM exhibited a sin(2θ) dependence on AF orientation in the respective perpendicular planes. This was in accordance with theory [1] and contrary to some previously reported experimental results on magnetic recording tape, which produced a distorted sin(2θ) dependence of the GRM [1]. The explanation is likely due to the SSD ferrimagnetic particles in the rock sample being more dispersed (less interacting) compared to the highly interacting SSD particles in the magnetic tape sample of the previous study. The GRM results were consistent with another remanence anisotropy method, anisotropy of isothermal remanent magnetization (AIRM). This method again measures the anisotropy of the remanence carrying ferrimagnetic particles, but the IRM is also acquired by larger multidomain (MD) particles as well as by the SSD particles. The results were also consistent with the visible rock anisotropy (petrofabric), the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), and the shear wave velocity anisotropy. A comparison of all the methods demonstrated that the fine SSD particles, which make up only a small proportion of the rock, were aligned in quite a similar orientation to that of the main rock forming minerals that constituted the bulk of the sample.
Short Communication: Biocontrol activity of Phyllosphere fungi on mungbean leaves against Cercospora canescens

Sumartini. 2017. Short Communication: Biocontrol activity of Phyllosphere fungi on mungbean leaves against Cercospora canescens. Biodiversitas 18: 720-726. Examination of biocontrol activity of phyllosphere fungi on mungbean leaves against Cercospora canescens, a causal agent of mungbean leaf spot disease, was conducted during February-July 2016. Samples of symptomatic mungbean leaves were collected from several production areas in East and Central Java. Symptomatic leaves with leaf spot were collected randomly by detaching the symptomatic leaves and kept in a plastic bag for laboratory studies. Fungi associated with leaf spot were isolated using surface sterilized technique on PDA medium. In vitro and in vivo antagonism assay was carried out in the laboratory and greenhouse, respectively. Fungi associated with leaf spot on mungbeans such as Fusarium spp. , Curvularia spp. , Aspergillus flavus, and Nigrospora sp. were tested against C. canescens in the antagonism assay. Highest inhibition activity against C. canescens was found on Fusarium sp. 2 (KH-KJP-1B) (in vitro = 61%, in vivo = 19.63%) and Curvularia sp.1 (KH-JBG-B) (in vitro = 66%, in vivo = 16.46%).
Postprocessing schemes for some mixed finite elements

— We consider some mixed finiie element methods for scalar second and fourth order elïiptic équations. For these methods we introducé and analyze some new postprocessing schemes. It is shown that by a simple postprocessing, performed separately on each element, one can obtain a considerably better approximation for the scalar variable than the original one. Resumé. — Nous considérons quelques méthodes d'éléments finis mixtes pour des équations aux dérivées partielles scalaires, elliptiques, du second ou du quatrième ordre* Pour ces méthodes, nous introduisons et analysons quelques techniques nouvelles de postraitement. On montre qu'un postraitement simple, effectué séparément sur chaque élément, permet d'obtenir une approximation bien meilleure sur la variable scalaire.
Appraisals Influence Eye Pupil Size: The Effect of Goal Type and Goal Congruence

This thesis attempted to investigate the effects of appraisal dimensions on pupillary movements. Three appraisal dimensions were under investigation: goal relevance, goal type and goal congruence. Three hypotheses were formulated. Pupil dilation a) differs in neutral and relevant events; b) depends differently on wins and losses; c) is affected by goal conduciveness and goal obstructiveness. A novel research paradigm was used to test these hypotheses. Instead of picture stimuli we relied on perceptually simple stimuli (Landolt circles) which were coupled with affective meaning. To that end we used the monetary incentive delay task (MID) where the stimuli were associated with three types of events: gains, losses, neutral. The conditioning in the experiment was successful. Pupil dilation showed a difference between neutral and relevant events. As predicted, the results confirmed that goal type has an effect on pupillary reactivity. To a degree goal conduciveness also demonstrated the pattern predicted, in that pupil reactivity changed, but only in approach conditions (conditions “you won” and “you did not win” differed significantly).
Complete characterization of the fission fragments produced in reactions induced by 208 Pb projectiles on proton at 500A MeV

The two fragments produced in fission reactions induced by Pb208 projectiles impinging on a liquid hydrogen target at 500AMeV have been fully identified in coincidence. The experiment was performed at GSI Darmstadt, where the combined use of the inverse kinematics technique with an efficient detection setup permitted one to detect and to fully identify the fission fragments in a range from Z=27 to Z=52. The corresponding isotopic cross sections and velocities of the fission fragments were measured with high accuracy. The results are compared to state-of-the-art model calculations that reproduce the measured observables. Correlations between the two fragments were used to assess the role of charge polarization and the excitation energy gained by the nascent fragments using the neutron excess of the final fragments. The analysis of the average velocities of the fission fragments allowed us to parametrize the distance between the two fission fragments at scission as a function of the size of the fissioning system.
USING ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE TECHNIQUE TO SUPPORT REFLOW SOLDERING TECHNOLOGY DÁNIEL

There are several parameters affecting the reliabil ity of solder joints (e.g. surface finish), therefore, an optimal time-temperature profile shou ld be determined for the proper control of void and intermetallic compound (IMC) formation during the re flow process. Since IMCs are most frequently formed in Sn-Ag based lead-free solders, the amount f these must be taken into account. In this paper, the effects of different peak temperatures o n the ED-XRF measurements of major metallic elements (e.g. Pb contamination) in soldered pads w ere studied. Results measured at extremely high peak temperature demonstrated that the intensive di ssolution of the Cu pad yields large Cu 6Sn5 IMCs in the bulk solder.
ANTAGONISM OF PAECILOMYCES SPP. ISOLATED FROM BANANA ( MUSA SPP.)ROOTS AND RHIZOSPHERE AGAINST RADOPHOLUS SIMILIS

Kilama, P., T. Dubois, D. Coyne, B. Niere, C. S. Gold and E. Adipala. 2007. Antagonism of Paecilomyces spp. isolated from banana (Musa spp.) roots and rhizosphere against Radopholus similis. Nematropica 37:215-225. Banana (Musa spp.) in East Africa is threatened by pests and diseases, of which the burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, is among the most serious and difficult to control. Fungal antagonists, such as Paecilomyces spp. , can aid in controlling R. similis. In this study, Paecilomyces spp. was isolated from banana roots and rhizosphere in fields in Uganda with high and low densities of R. similis. Fungi were more abundant in the rhizosphere than on roots in the field with low R. similis density, whereas the reverse occurred in the field with high R. similis density. A total of 23 isolates of Paecilomyces spp. were collected, of which Paecilomyces lilacinus was the most abundant species. This is the first report showing the high presence of Paecilomyces spp. in the rhizosphere of bananas. Bioassays revealed that filtrates of P. lilacinus and Paecilomyces marquandii caused reversible paralysis of male and juvenile R. similis. Paecilomyces lilacinus isolate 23N5-2 caused greatest paralysis, which was not influenced by filtrate concentration.
More Accurate Hybrid PO-MoM Analysis for an Electrically Large Antenna-Radome Structure

More accurate hybrid PO-MOM process combining physical optics (PO) with method of moment (MOM) is employed to analyze an electrically large antenna-radome structure. The mutual interactions among the antenna, the inner and outer surfaces of the radome are considered through a group of associated integral equations. In the analysis, the antenna surface and the sharp tip part on the radome surface are modeled accurately by using MOM while the rest smooth parts on the radome surfaces are approximated by using PO. Numerical results indicate that the hybrid process presented in this paper is much more accurate than the conventional PO-MOM ones.
Relative contribution of β-cell dysfunction to glucose homeostasis impairment.

The last decade has witnessed a remarkable progress in the elucidation of cell mechanisms of insulin resistance (IR), as well as in its importance for the appearance and maintenance of hyperglycaemia that accompanies type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). At the same time, the role of impaired β-cell function for the development of T2DM remains insufficiently researched. That is why, the purpose of this review was to provide and analyse information about the role and significance of reduced functional activity of β-cells for T2DM onset and the pathogenetic mechanisms of impaired insulin secretion. The data presented clearly suggest that the transition of impaired glucose tolerance into overt diabetes absolutely requires a disturbance in β-cell function, resp. insulin secretion. Regardless of the numerous unclear issues about the mechanisms of β-cell dysfunction, it could be claimed that many factors provoking IR (obesity, increased free fatty acid concentrations, increased levels of some adipokines, free radicals etc.) results in disturbance of β-cell functional activity. The increased amyloid deposition in the pancreas is not less important. The currently prevailing opinion is that while IR is rather a consequence of adverse environmental effects, the β-cell impairment is genetically determined. Therefore, the risk of T2DM development increases extremely when genetic predisposition to impaired β-cell function is combined with harmful environmental effects resulting in IR development.
Variations of Value of Travel Time Savings

This paper theoretically and empirically examines variations of value of travel time savings in the intra-city travel. A time allocation model in mode or route choice case is presented. The concept of value of travel time savings is concluded from the proposed time allocation model and its variations are discussed. The appropriate functional form of discrete choice model is derived from the time allocation model. SP data related to the choice between a tolled route and a free route provides data source for the case study. Estimation results show the changes of value of travel time savings with travel time and individual socio-economic characteristics.
Photovoltaics Special Research Centre

The computer program PC1D is widely used for modeling crystalline solar cells. This paper describes a new version of the program which takes advantage of the latest graphical environments of personal computers to offer improved visualization of cell design and operation, simpler comparison of experimental data with simulation results, greatly increased calculation speed, and improved models for generation and recombination effects. We demonstrate the use of some of these features to explore the importance of trap-assisted tunneling at heavily doped junctions in material with low carrier lifetime, as is often encountered in thin polycrystalline silicon cells.