Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of the serum bilirubin level during bile ducts drainage in patients with hilar tumor stenosis and jaundice

Palliative bile duct decompression with various modifications are currently performed in 75-80% of patients with hilar stenosis caused by the tumor. The main goal of palliative care is to reduce the manifestations of jaundice, intoxication, pain syndrome, prolong life period and improve patient’s conditions for chemotherapy. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of bile ducts antegrade drainage methods by bilirubin reducing in the palliative treatment of patients with jaundice due to hilar stenosis caused by the tumor. Materials and methods. In a prospective study included 78 patients with hilar obstructive jaundice, who were underwent of palliative antegrade draining of bile ducts: percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy (group PTC) n = 24, externally-internal suprapapillary cholangiostomy (group EISC) n = 26, percutaneous transhepatic antegrade endobiliary stenting (group PTAES) n = 28. Endpoints of the study: total serum bilirubin before the procedure, after 3, 7 days and every 10 days for two months. The mean values of bilirubin and the average percentage of decrease in its value at each of the control periods were evaluated in relation to the initial level. Also, at the same time, the cumulative percentage of patients in which bilirubin had a value of ≤34.2 μmol / L (2 mg / dL) or ≤ 85.5
The relationships between the macroeconomic situation and European skyscrapers

Objective: The aim of this paper is to verify if economic prosperity is related to the number of skyscrapers built and their average height. It was done by examining the dependencies between GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, the Gini coefficient and the skyscrapers variables mentioned.Research Design & Methods: In order to investigate the relationship between the number of completed skyscrapers, their average height, and year, a correlation was used. Linear regression was used to verify the relationship between macroeconomic variables and those relating to skyscrapers. The macroeconomic data were obtained from the World Bank, IMF, and WTO databases, and the data referring to skyscrapers – from Emporis.com. Findings: The time variable (year) was positively correlated with the analyzed variables linked to skyscrapers. The research showed a negative impact of the unemployment rate and a positive impact of the Gini coefficient, on the number of completed skyscrapers. Further, the economic growth was negatively and Gini coefficient values were positively related to the average height of skyscrapers.Implications & Recommendations: This study allows determining the periods in which an increased construction of skyscrapers could be expected. It may be useful for investors, global corporations or potential developers.Contribution & Value Added: The analysis provided empirical confirmation of the hypotheses about the positive correlation between the number and average height of skyscrapers and the degree of economic inequality. Also, the negative dependencies between the number of these structures and the unemployment rate and between the average height of completed skyscrapers and the GDP growth rates, based on the example of European countries, were found.
Structural Prediction Model Satisfaction and Buying Decision of Muslim Consumers Towards Fast Food by Halal Labeling

This exploration means to comprehend what impacts Muslims in Bandung in creation choices on purchasing inexpensive food. The objects of this exploration are Muslim cheap food customers in Bandung. Information was gathered through an overview utilizing polls as a helping instrument. There were 180 respondents as tests. The information examination was led utilizing Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Square (SEM–PLS) approach. The exploration results show that the halal logo has a positive and critical impact on purchasing choices and that the clients' fulfillment likewise has a positive and huge effect on purchasing choices. Moreover, buyers' fulfillment can intervene in the impact of the halal logo on purchasing choices. This examination result is relied upon to urge eatery supervisors to be more mindful of the significance of the halal logo on their items.
Further enhanced oil recovery by branched-preformed particle gel/HPAM/surfactant mixed solutions after polymer flooding in parallel-sandpack models

How to further sweep residual oil from unswept areas is crucial to enhance oil recovery after polymer flooding, which is widely used. Branched-preformed particle gel (B-PPG) is a newly developed chemical agent for enhanced oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs. In this paper, B-PPG/HPAM/surfactant mixed solutions were investigated to further enhance oil recovery after polymer flooding in parallel-sandpack models by core flood test. First of all, laboratory experiments about fractional flow and enhanced oil recovery were performed to determine the optimal composition and concentration of B-PPG and HPAM mixed solutions. The results show that B-PPG/HPAM mixed solutions have higher abilities to adjust fractional flow in parallel-sandpack models than HPAM alone when the mass percentage of B-PPG is larger than 50%. Moreover, B-PPG/HPAM mixed solutions can displace more oil in low permeability sandpacks and the total oil recovery is the highest when the mass percentage of B-PPG is 50%. The concentration also has a great effect on fractional flow and oil recovery of B-PPG/HPAM mixed solutions. The ability of adjusting fractional flow and enhancing oil recovery increases with increase in concentration. Furthermore, the presence of surfactant in the flooding solutions can further enhance total oil recovery, especially that in high permeability sandpacks, and has no obvious effect on the ability to adjust fractional flow. When the permeability ratio of the parallel sandpacks becomes 1 : 9, the B-PPG/HPAM/surfactant mixed solutions still have strong abilities to adjust fractional flow and enhance the oil recovery. This is because the presence of a surfactant can improve displacement efficiency, while B-PPG and HPAM can enhance sweep efficiency.
A Thermodynamic Study of Adsorption of Benzyl Viologen and Polyethylene Glycol and Their Displacement by 3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonate during Copper Electrodeposition

The fabrication of on-chip interconnects in the semi-conductor industry employs electrodeposition of copper for fabrication of lines and vertical interconnects (vias) on scales as small as a few tens of nanometers. A significant challenge is to control the distribution of current to assure void-free bottom up filling of these features, a process commonly referred to as superfilling. The presence of a combination of additives on the copper surface regulates the copper deposition rate, and in the proper concentrations produce a high deposition rate at the bottom of features and a reduced deposition rate on the planar wafer surface and upper side-walls of the features. It is known that the adsorption of the additives results in superfilling. However, there are few direct measurements of the coverage of the respective adsorbates and limited information is available for the surface chemistry of additives at various concentrations. The present study is built on the competitive adsorption model in which adsorbed benzyl viologen (BV) or polyethylene glycol (PEG) are displaced progressively from the interface by 3-mercapto-1-propane sulfonic acid (MPS) adsorption during copper electrodeposition. Adsorption of BV and interactions between BV and MPS as well as PEG and MPS were explored by chronoamperometry. During copper electrodeposition with simultaneous BV adsorption, the fractional surface coverage of BV was shown to be potential and temperature dependent. By fitting the data to the Langmuir model, it was shown the adsorption of BV on the copper electrode surface is a spontaneous exothermic process. During copper electrodeposition with displacement of BV by MPS, increased MPS concentration in the electrolyte increases the driving force for MPS adsorption and BV desorption. This potential and temperature dependent displacement was shown to be a spontaneous endothermic process. During copper electrodeposition with displacement of PEG by MPS, more negative potential, higher MPS concentration and higher temperature promotes MPS adsorption and desorption of PEG. Displacement of PEG by MPS was shown to be a spontaneous endothermic process.
Human Activity Recognition based on Deep Belief Network Classifier and
 Combination of Local and Global Features

During the past decades, recognition of human activities has attracted the attention of numerous researches due to its outstanding applications including smart houses, health-care and monitoring the private and public places. Applying to the video frames, this paper proposes a hybrid method which combines the features extracted from the images using the ‘scale-invariant features transform’ (SIFT), ‘histogram of oriented gradient’ (HOG) and ‘global invariant features transform’ (GIST) descriptors and classifies the activities by means of the deep belief network (DBN). First, in order to avoid ineffective features, a pre-processing course is performed on any image in the dataset. Then, the mentioned descriptors extract several features from the image. Due to the problems of working with a large number of features, a small and distinguishing feature set is produced using the bag of words (BoW) technique. Finally, these reduced features are given to a deep belief network in order to recognize the human activities. Comparing the simulation results of the proposed approach with some other existing methods applied to the standard PASCAL VOC Challenge 2010 database with nine different activities demonstrates an improvement in the accuracy, precision and recall measures (reaching 96.39%, 85.77% and 86.72% respectively) for the approach of this work with respect to the other compared ones in the human activity recognition.
Competency–based Approach to Developing Leaders for Crises

The COVID–19 pandemic has brought about many complex challenges and opportunities, calling for a reexamination of leadership development curricula. This paper proposes adopting a competency–based approach to better prepare leaders for crisis events, like COVID–19. I used an HR practitioner's lens that informs human resource development scholarship and practice for my research on crisis leadership competency models. Based on that research, I propose that a model developed by Wooten and James, along with one developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, be used as a basis for constructing a competency framework to inform and improve leadership development programs.
Evaluation of Depression among Medical Students of Gujarat during COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic is a public health emergency with both physical and mental health risks. During this pandemic general medical complications have received the most attention, whereas only few studies address the potential direct effect on mental health of SARS-CoV-2 and the neurotropic potential. Objectives: To evaluate the depression score of an individual based on PHQ-9 scoring scale and to further classify the severity of depression among medical students. Method: It was a cross-sectional observational study, where primary quantitative data was collected using the PHQ-9 scale to assess the level of depression among the medical students of Gujarat through Google forms. Results: Most of the participants were from 1st year MBBS (>50%) and 2nd year MBBS (37%) and rest were from 3rd year. Around 29.4% students suffered from minimal depression, 34% has mild depression, 19% had moderate depression, 12% had moderately severe depression and 5.6% students suffered from severe depression. Conclusion: COVOD-19 pandemic is having impact on mental health of the medical students. Early evaluation of depression may help to decide intervention to reduce further depression among the students.
Ethical Challenges of School Principals during of COVID-19

Background: Today, societies pay attention to ethics and moral values, emphasizing that moral values should be preserved and kept alive in educational organizations. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the ethical challenges of schools’ principal in the Corona period. Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method. Its statistical population included educational management professors and schools’ principal of West Azerbaijan Province. Sampling was done systematically through snowball technique and based on theoretical saturation criterion. Research data was collected by reviewing 21 articles related to the ethics of educational management or educational leadership in the COVID 19 period and then through semi-structured interviews (17 people) based on the model of qualitative interviews and its criteria, in an approximate. Data were categorized using thematic analysis method in the form of basic, organized and comprehensive themes. Results: The results showed that the ethical challenges of schools’ principal in Corona period as a comprehensive theme included 98 basic themes. According to the classification of basic themes, 7 organizing themes, including professional ethics, social-communicative ethics, individual ethics, technical-educational ethics, spiritual ethics, behavioral ethics, and decision-making ethics were obtained. Conclusion: The results showed that the closure of schools under COVID exacerbated 19 ethical problems in the education policies and practices, creating moral challenges in them. In this regard, principals are expected to use their knowledge and ethical skills to improve their scientific knowledge to address the problem of students at school during the Corona epidemic. Keyword: Principals 'ethics, COVID 19, Professional ethics, Educational ethics D ow nl oa de d fr om ij et hi cs . c om a t 2 3: 50 + 04 30 o n F rid ay A ug us t 2 0t h 20 21 [ D O I: 10 . 5 25 47 /ij et hi cs . 3 . 1 . 1 5 ]
Organic Matter Composition of Biomineral Flocs and Its Influence on Suspended Particulate Matter Dynamics Along a Nearshore to Offshore Transect

The seasonal variation in concentration of transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs), particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) were investigated together with floc size and the concentration of suspended particulate matter (SPM) along the cross‐shore gradient, from the high turbid nearshore toward the low‐turbid offshore waters in the Southern Bight of the North Sea. Our data demonstrate that biophysical flocculation cannot be explained by these heterogeneous parameters, but requires a distinction between a more reactive labile (“fresh”) and a less reactive refractory (“mineral‐associated”) fraction. Based on all data, we separated the labile and mineral‐associated POC, PON, and TEP using a semi‐empirical model approach. The model's estimates of fresh and mineral‐associated organic matter (OM) show that great parts of the POC, PON, and TEP are associated with suspended minerals, which are present in the water column throughout the year, whereas the occurrence of fresh TEP, POC, and PON is restricted to spring and summer months. In spite of a constantly high abundance of total TEP throughout the entire year, it is its fresh fraction that promotes the formation of larger and faster sinking biomineral flocs, thereby contributing to reducing the SPM concentration in the water column over spring and summer. Our results show that the different components of the SPM, such as minerals, extracellular OM and living organisms, form an integrated dynamic system with direct interactions and feedback controls.
An-Other4 Reading of Peace Construction in ELT

Someone recently suggested to me: “war is more profitable than peace” (J. Rodríguez, personal communication, October 24th, 2017). This prompted my consideration of the idea that peace construction in multiple settings could entail purposes other than the taken-for-granted and literal ones (Aldana, in press). In this reflective article, within the journal’s language and conflict theme, I will discuss discourses related to the handling of peace construction in order to examine its transformation in governmental, academic and media documents up to 2019. Documents containing the word peace in various contexts were selected, and as such the period varied. The work is approached from my * An-other: This concept is proposed in decolonial studies, such as those by Mignolo, to define alternatives to canonical perspectives, without enacting their inner logic and assumptions. ** Magister in Applied Linguistics of Spanish as a Foreign Language from Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Current studies in the “Doctorado Interinstitucional en educación” from Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. E-mail: yaldanag@udistrital.edu. co; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-2041
Frequency stability analysis of high proportion renewable energy system delivered via DC

The proportion of renewable energy generation in China is gradually increasing, and the energy and load are reversely distributed, so renewable energy accumulation areas need to send power through large-capacity DC. The DC capacity of the send-end system is large, so the DC failure is a serious failure. This paper analyses the frequency variation process of the send-end system during severe faults, points out that the total inertia of the system is the main influencing factor, and gives the calculation method of the frequency changing amount of the send-end system under severe faults. Based on this, it is proposed that adjusting the operation mode and increasing energy storage are feasible methods to enhance the frequency stability under severe faults. They affect the frequency change process by affecting the total inertia of the system and the imbalance power applied to the inertial system, respectively. Finally, our conclusions are verified by simulation.
Novel Commercial Aquaporin Flat-sheet Membrane for Forward Osmosis

Aquaporin proteins are of great interest to the membrane science community because of their unique characteristics of high water permeability and perfect molecular selectivity. Although these characteristics make aquaporins particularly valuable for desalination applications, none of these aquaporin-based membrane designs has been produced at a large scale. In this work, we report on the recently designed and commercially available Aquaporin Inside flat-sheet membrane designed for forward osmosis (FO) by Aquaporin A/S, Lyngby, Denmark. The Aquaporin Inside flat-sheet membrane is the first commercially available thin-film composite (TFC) FO membrane to incorporate aquaporin proteins into its polyamide-based selective layer. The membrane tested, which is a first-generation membrane, achieved water fluxes of 14.0 and 8.8 L m–2 h–1 with low reverse salt fluxes of 4.6 and 4.0 g m–2 h–1 in pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) and FO modes, respectively, using 1.0 M sodium chloride as the draw solution and deionized .
Striking differences in performance patterns and neuropsychological correlates within semantic and phonemic fluency tasks

Despite both theoretical and empirical linguistics suggesting otherwise, researchers using semantic and phonemic fluency tasks have uncritically assumed that there are no category- or phoneme/letter-specific effects on verbal fluency performance. We recruited 16 young adult subjects and administered two semantic (animals, trees) and two phonemic (K, M) fluency tasks. Executive functions were assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). On the animal compared to the tree task, subjects produced significantly more legal words, had a significantly lower intrusion rate, significantly shorter first-response latencies and final silence periods, as well as significantly shorter between-cluster response latencies. These differences can at least partly be explained by differences in the category sizes, integrity of the categories’ borders, and efficiency of the functional connectivity between subcategories. Switching on the animal but clustering on the tree task were moderately and strongly, respectively, correlated with the WCST. On the K compared to the M task, subjects produced significantly more legal words and had significantly shorter between-cluster response times. Counterintuitively, a corpus analysis revealed there are more words starting with the ⟨m⟩ compared to ⟨k⟩ in the experimental language. Performances on the K and M tasks were very limitedly associated with the WCST. Our results have important implications for research utilizing verbal fluency, indicating that researchers should pay close attention to the types of semantic categories and phonemes/letters within neuropsychological assessments, as well as in the context of reviews and meta-analyses. In order to accomplish this adequately, further research on the specificities of different verbal fluency tasks is direly needed.
Keragaan Stabilitas Hasil Bawang Merah

Eight varieties of shallot, i.e. Probolinggo, Parman, Kuning, Biru-sawah, Biru-pasir, Tiron-sawah, Tiron-pasir and Bima, were tested for their yield potential at two different locations (sand-dune and rice-field) during wet season and dry season in 2002. The experiments were arranged in Randomized Completely Block Design with three blocks as replication. The experimental unit consisted of 100 plants planted with 15 cm x 20 cm spacing. The aims of this research were to identify the stability and adaptability of the tested materials. Adaptability and yield stability of each variety were determined based on stability model of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and Finlay and Wilkinson (1963) with a regression coefficient (βi), deviation from regression (δi) and yield of each variety as stability and adaptability parameters. The results of this research showed that varieties Probolinggo, Tiron-sawah and Biru-pasir were well adapted over all testing environments and their yields were stable. On the other hand, Parman and Kuning varieties were categorized as unstable varieties and well adapted in favorable environment, i.e. in the rice-field during dry season. Birusawah and Tiron-pasir varieties were adapted to unfavorable environment, especially in the sand-dune during dry season. Variety bima was not well to all the testing environments and the yield was susceptible to the environmental changes.