Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smart textiles: an overview of recent progress on chromic textiles

Abstract The development of smart textiles with various ‘self-functioning’ capabilities has been opened up increasingly with possibilities of innovative and technological applications. Chromic textiles are perceived as a way to add features into common textiles. The present work aims to present and discuss the overall usability of chromic textiles by reviewing recent developments which have been done in order to straighten the path for future researches in this field. A comprehensive overview of the recent progress of smart chromic textiles based on the available state of the art is shown. Issues such as the applications, experimental verification, performance characterization, main challenges, and future research directions of chromic textiles are discussed. Recent works of photo-, thermo-, electro-, halo-, solvato-, and ionochromic textiles are reported in the literature. Despite the great technological evolution until this moment, there is still too much to be explored and discovered in the field of chromic textiles.
Ultrashort Vortex Pulses with Controlled Spectral Gouy Rotation

Recently, the spatio-spectral propagation dynamic of ultrashort-pulsed vortex beams was demonstrated by 2D mapping of spectral moments. The rotation of characteristic anomalies, so-called “spectral eyes”, was explained by wavelength-dependent Gouy phase shift. Controlling of this spectral rotation is essential for specific applications, e.g., communication and processing. Here, we report on advanced concepts for spectral rotational control and related first-proof-of-principle experiments. The speed of rotation of spectral eyes during propagation is shown to be essentially determined by angular and spectral parameters. The performance of fixed diffractive optical elements (DOE) and programmable liquid-crystal-on silicon spatial light modulators (LCoS-SLMs) that act as spiral phase gratings (SPG) or spiral phase plates (SPP) is compared. The approach is extended to radially chirped SPGs inducing axially variable angular velocity. The generation of time-dependent orbital angular momentum (self-torque) by superimposing multiple vortex pulses is proposed.
Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers, an efficient and affordable tool for evaluation genetic diversity in forest areas

This article describes testing the application of SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers for characterisation of a small set of plants of Quercus coccifera L and samples from 25 other forest tree species. The results suggest that SRAP markers could be used as an affordable and efficient tool for the characterisation of the genetic diversity in populations of tree species as a part of the characterisation of forest biodiversity and the related decision making and management.
An allele-specific functional SNP associated with two autoimmune diseases modulates IRF5 expression by long-range chromatin loop formation

Both Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) are autoimmune diseases sharing similar genetic backgrounds. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have constantly disclosed numerous genetic variants conferring to both disease risks at 7q32.1, but the functional mechanisms underlying them are still largely unknown. Through combining fine-mapping and functional epigenomic analyses, we prioritized a potential independent functional SNP (rs13239597) within TNPO3 promoter region, residing in a putative enhancer element. Functional analysis integrating expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) and high-throughput chromatin interaction (Hi-C) demonstrated that IRF5 is the distal target gene (~118kb) of rs13239597, which is a key regulator of pathogenic autoantibody dysregulation increased risk of both SLE and SSc. We experimentally validated the long-range chromatin interactions between rs13239597 and IRF5 using chromosome conformation capture (3C) assay. We further demonstrated that rs13239597-A acted as an allele-specific enhancer regulating IRF5 expression, independently of TNPO3 by using dual-luciferase reporter assays and CRISPR-Cas9. Particularly, the transcription factor EVI1 could preferentially bind to rs13239597-A allele and increase the enhancer activity to regulate IRF5 expression. Taken together, our results uncovered the mechanistic insight connecting between a noncoding functional variant with a distal immunologically pathogenic gene IRF5, which might obligate in understanding the complex genetic architectures of SLE and SSc pathogenesis.
Plectological and molecular identification of economically important wild Russulales mushrooms from Pakistan and their antifungal potential against food pathogenic fungus Aspergillus niger

Present study deals with the plectological and molecular analysis as well as use of economically important wild Russuloid mushrooms against food pathogenic fungus Aspergillus niger. Three different species of mushrooms viz., Russla laeta, R. nobilis, and R. nigricans were collected and identified from Himalayan range of Pakistan and are found as new records for this country. Major objective of this study was to highlight the importance of these wild creatures as antifungal agents against A. niger. For this purpose methanolic extract of selected mushrooms of different concentration levels viz., 1, 1.5, 2 and 3% were used. This activity is also first time reported from Pakistan by using this group of mushrooms. Results showed that all tested mushrooms exhibit growth inhibition of A. niger and can be used as biocontrol agents. R. nigricans showed maximum inhibition of fungus growth that is 62% at 3% concentrations while minimum inhibition was observed in R. nobilis at same concentration that is 43.6%. Introduction Many people in Pakistan depend on agriculture but various crops are contaminated by phytopathogenic fungi (i.e., Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium) during pre and post-harvesting processes. These pathogenic fungi produce certain chemicals that change the quality of food. Due to their toxic effects, resistance to the environment and adulteration in foods and feeds these fungi prove hazardous to the health of all organisms on land (Barung et al., 2003). There are many methods to control these fungi but use of mushrooms against these is a cheap and environment friendly technique because mushrooms exhibit antifungal activity. The Himalayan range in Pakistan is considered as diversity rich hotspot for such wild mushrooms (Jabeen et al., 2014). Mushrooms (macrofungi) are most abundant in this area, but unfortunately people in these areas are mostly illiterate and have less knowledge about use of these economically important mushrooms. These fungi are also important component of ecosystem as edible, medicinal, ectomycorrhizal and as decomposers. For this work, mushrooms belonging to Russula genus were selected due to their high diversity in Pakistan (Ahmad et al., 1997; Niazi et al., 2006; Razaq et al., 2014; Jabeen et al., 2016) to check their growth inhibition potential against pathogenic fungus. These mushrooms were collected from coniferous forests of Pakistan. The main objective of this study was to identify the mushrooms up to species level by morphological and molecular analysis and to find *Corresponding author, email: samina_boletus@yahoo.com Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan. Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
Learning in Clusters: Exploring the Association Between Noncognitive and Affective Profiles of Engineering Students and Academic Performance

This research paper explores the role of non-cognitive and affective (NCA) factors in influencing student achievement and thriving. We have developed and deployed a survey with evidence of validity and reliability to measure 28 NCA factors from n=2339 undergraduates at 17 U.S. institutions. The factors examined include personality, grit, meaning and purpose, engineering identity, mindset, motivation, test anxiety, test and study environment, perceptions of faculty caring, self-control, stress, gratitude, mindfulness, and sense of belonging. The results from a previous cluster analysis identified four distinct clusters of students’ NCA profiles, accounting for 69.0% of the sample. A second analysis indicated that membership within any of the four clusters was only weakly, if at all, associated with academic performance, as measured by self-reported, overall grade-point-average. In this study we explore this association in more detailed and nuanced ways to assess whether cluster membership is truly unassociated with academic performance.
A Critical Realist Review of Pre-Registration Nursing Student Stress

This Critical Realist review recognises the transitional challenge faced by all undergraduates on their path to becoming qualified practitioners but draws attention to the particularly high levels of student stress associated with the experience of learners who enrol on pre-registration nursing programmes. It also examines international evidence of factors which contribute to such stress. Professional opinion, reports, qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods research is thematically presented to indicate the wide range of educational, social, environmental, intrapersonal and interpersonal variables that contribute to pre-registration nursing student stress. Congruent with the principles of Critical Realism, the paper also identifies several emerging fields associated with student nurse stressors that are worthy of further investigation due to an apparent paucity of published work. Finally, the authors briefly highlight their own research activity currently underway to extend the body of knowledge in these areas and in so doing seek to help address student retention issues within nursing.
Highly Soluble Drugs Directly Granulated by Water Dispersions of Insoluble Eudragit® Polymers as a Part of Hypromellose K100M Matrix Systems

The aim of the present study was to investigate the suitability of insoluble Eudragit® water dispersions (NE, NM, RL, and RS) for direct high-shear granulation of very soluble levetiracetam in order to decrease its burst effect from HPMC K100M matrices. The process characteristics, ss-NMR analysis, in vitro dissolution behavior, drug release mechanism and kinetics, texture profile analysis of the gel layer, and PCA analysis were explored. An application of water dispersions directly on levetiracetam was feasible only in a multistep process. All prepared formulations exhibited a 12-hour sustained release profile characterized by a reduced burst effect in a concentration-dependent manner. No effect on swelling extent of HPMC K100M was observed in the presence of Eudragit®. Contrary, higher rigidity of formed gel layer was observed using combination of HPMC and Eudragit®. Not only the type and concentration of Eudragit®, but also the presence of the surfactant in water dispersions played a key role in the dissolution characteristics. The dissolution profile close to zero-order kinetic was achieved from the sample containing levetiracetam directly granulated by the water dispersion of Eudragit® NE (5% of solid polymer per tablet) with a relatively high amount of surfactant nonoxynol 100 (1.5%). The initial burst release of drug was reduced to 8.04% in 30 min (a 64.2% decrease) while the total amount of the released drug was retained (97.02%).
Quality and Release Profile of Captopril from Mucoadhesive Gastroretentive Tablet by Using Matrix Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Carbopol 934P

Captopril have good absorption in gastric pH and ionized on intestinal pH. It is necessary to keep the drug in the form of molecules in the area of the absoption. The mucoadhesive gastroretensive drug delivery system provides the possibility of controlled release in stomach in a certain amount of time. Research has been conducted to assess the quality and profile of captopril release in of a mucoadhesive gastroretensive tablet. Mucoadhesive tablets (MK) were made in 5 formulas by wet granulation method using carbopol 934P and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as matrix with ratio 10 : 0 (MK1), 0: 10 (MK2), 5: 5 (MK3), 7: 3 (MK4), and 3: 7 (MK5) . The parameters which was evaluate were characteristics of granules and tablets and kinetics model of captopril release from tablets in 0,01 N HCl medium. Mucoadhesive tablets had different characteristics for each formula. Mucoadhesive tablets that had good quality and release profile were shown by MK4 and MK5 formula. They had controlled drug release profiles accorded to the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi kinetics models, respectively.
The impact of tinkering and planning behaviors on learning introductory programming concepts

SILVA, F. H. C. The impact of tinkering and planning behaviors on learning introductory programming concepts. 2020. 86 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências – Ciências de Computação e Matemática Computacional) – Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos – SP, 2020. Computer programming skills are becoming essential across different fields and disciplines, and as integrating part of computer science basic formation curriculum, these skills are considered problem-solving activities. Problem-solving is an internal cognitive process of a high order that searches for a solution for a problem or a path to a given goal. As an internal process, problemsolving strategies cannot be observed directly and must be inferred. That necessity led several researchers to identify and classify those strategies based on students’ behaviors. Among those researches, the classification between tinkerers and planners proposed by Turkle and Papert was used in this work. In this classification, planners are students who present a structured, top-down strategy to solve problems, which is commonly reinforced in computer science environments. On the other hand, tinkerers employ an alternative, less structured, bottom-up problem-solving strategy that uses the system’s feedback to achieve their goals. To Investigate the students’ tinkerer and planner behaviors in online environments and its impact on the students’ grades performance, firstly an educational data mining approach using clustering was employed to identify the students’ behaviors and the features related to tinkering, followed by an assessment of the students’ grades and the time that they required to finish the assignments. As a result, four behaviors were identified related to Turkle and Papert classification. Statistical tests showed that students that employed a higher amount of tinkering presented a better performance in final tests and required more time to finish their online assignments. These results indicate that tinkering is a valid problem-solving strategy with potential that worth being explored by educators.
Growth Strategy of a Rural Business School: Sustainable Implementation of Online Studies

This case study, which uses interventionist action research methodology, first describes key elements of the online business model which was implemented at a business school in Arctic Norway. The aim of the business model intervention was to create a growth in student influx. Next, the study examines the actual impact of the intervention in terms of number of online applicants over the last decade. The findings show that the online courses hit a “nerve” in the Norwegian market for higher education as now more than a thousand students, scattered all over the country, apply for admission. Thereafter, the study investigates why students choose to study online. The results disclose that the main motive for choosing online studies is that they better meet students’ needs for different types of study flexibility. Finally, this research explores whether online studies cannibalizes the traditional campus model in a non-sustainable way. The findings show that online and traditional campus studies do not compete, but instead complement each other as they attract different target groups of students. Online studies serve as an essential channel for lifelong learning as the students were mainly well-educated women who worked full-time or part-time. Finally, strategic insights from the process of launching sustainable online studies by a rural business school are discussed.
Digital Image Projection for 3D Ice Crystal Icing Accretion Measurements

Numerous turbofan power loss events caused by the ingestion of high altitude ice crystals have been reported, causing signiﬁcant concern to the aviation industry. In recent years, experiments have been conducted to explore the physics behind the accretion process, with the aim of producing numerical models to predict the ice growth. Validation of such models require accurate measurement of three-dimensional ice accretion proﬁles in more engine realistic applications. To date multi-camera two-dimensional views and gom scanning has been utilised. This paper details the ﬁrst application of DIP for measuring the transient growth of three dimensional ice crystal accretion proﬁles. This uses laser grid patterns projected onto the surface of interest and conventional cameras mounted at a diﬀerent viewing angle to the laser. This method was tested in an altitude ice crystal tunnel, using a prismatic stator blade test piece. Comparison of the DIP results to traditional backlit views and a commercial scanner showed that it was possible to measure ice crystal icing accretion thickness’s with an accuracy of 0.5 mm.
Seeing the invisible: Extracting signs of depression and suicidal ideation from college students’ writing using LIWC a computerized text analysis

Depression remains one of the leading problems around the world. Partly, the problem stems from the fact that depression is still difficult to diagnose using traditional assessment tools. A few pieces of evidence suggest that text analysis is capable of identifying psychological states and mental issues including depression. However, this method has not been tested in the Philippines. The main purpose of this study, therefore, was to determine clues of depression and suicidal ideation in college students’ writing using the online version of LIWC, a computerized text analysis. The present study was conducted at Central Luzon State University, Philippines where 159 undergraduate students participated. Using correlational analysis, several important findings were found. First, college students with a high level of depression and suicidal ideation tend to write more personal pronouns such as “I”, “me”, and “my” in their writing. Second, LIWC traditional dimensions such as I-words and negative emotions show a significant link with depression but only the I-words dimension was significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Third, LIWC summary variables such as clout and emotional tone also show a significant relationship with depression and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, regression analysis suggests that these LIWC domains were significant predictors of depression. However, only emotional tone was found to have a modest but significant influence on suicidal ideation. Lastly, the length of the essay was significantly correlated with depression but not with suicidal ideation. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
The influence of frequency content on the performance of artificial neural network–based damage detection systems tested on numerical and experimental bridge data

The method herein proposed provides a novel perspective about data processing within structural health monitoring, which is essential for automated real-time monitoring and assessment of civil engineering structures. The low- and high-frequency contents of the forced vibration response of a structure are used to train and test artificial neural networks for the purpose of damage detection. In the context of several damage scenarios, the different versions of the networks are compared with each other with the aim of verifying which are the most efficient regarding novelty detection (one-class classification). The data related with the high-frequency response showed to contain more useful information for the proposed damage detection algorithm, when compared with the low-frequency response data (typically modal). In view of that, high frequencies should be given more attention in future research about their application in connection with structural health monitoring systems.
Interculturalidad y convivencia escolar: una nueva etapa para la comunidad escolar chilena

The objective of this research is to reveal the relevance of the management of school climate to the interculturality existing in Chilean state schools and, secondly, to know the school reality of 25 foreign families chosen due to the massive phenomenon of immigrant children in the cities of Los Angeles and Mulchen. The methodology used is of a qualitative type and the qualitative content analysis (Mayring, 2000) is used as an information survey technique to analyze school coexistence management plans and to know the reality of immigrants in Chilean schools, the In-depth interview with 25 families is used. In the results, we observe that the climate management manuals do not reveal a record of the work of interculturality, at the same time, they are not socialized and leads to some children receiving discriminatory treatment from Chilean students.
Assessing the simulated soil thermal regime from Noah-MPLSM v1.1 for near-surface permafrost modeling on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Abstract. Land surface models (LSMs) are effective tools for near-surface permafrost modeling. Extensive and rigorous model inter-comparison is of great importance before application due to the uncertainties in current LSMs. This study designed an ensemble of 6912 experiments to evaluate the Noah land surface model with multi-parameterization (Noah-MP) for soil temperature (ST) simulation, and investigate the sensitivity of parameterization schemes at a typical permafrost site on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results showed that Noah-MP generally underestimates ST, especially that during the cold season. In addition, the simulation uncertainty is greater in the cold season (October-April) and for the deep soil layers. ST is most sensitive to surface layer drag coefficient (SFC) while largely influenced by runoff and groundwater (RUN). By contrast, the influence of canopy stomatal resistance (CRS) and soil moisture factor for stomatal resistance (BTR) on ST is negligible. With limited impacts on ST simulation, vegetation model (VEG), canopy gap for radiation transfer (RAD) and snow/soil temperature time scheme (STC) are more influential on shallow ST, while super-cooled liquid water (FRZ), frozen soil permeability (INF) and lower boundary of soil temperature (TBOT) have greater impacts on deep ST. Furthermore, an optimal configuration of Noah-MP for permafrost modeling were extracted based on the connectivity between schemes, and they are: table leaf area index with calculated vegetation fraction, Jarvis scheme for CRS, Noah scheme for BTR, BATS model for RUN, Chen97 for SFC, zero canopy gap for RAD, variant freezing-point depression for FRZ, hydraulic parameters defined by soil moisture for INF, ST at 8 m for TBOT, and semi-implicit method for STC. The analysis of the model structural uncertainties and characteristics of each scheme would be constructive to a better understanding of the land surface processes on the QTP and further model improvements towards near-surface permafrost modeling using the LSMs.