Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variation in rhizosphere microbial communities and its association with the nodulation ability of peanut

ABSTRACT Harnessing the rhizobia-legume symbiosis is a promising strategy to confront sustainability in agriculture. Agricultural research on legume nodulation has mostly focused on abiotic parameters, yet the importance of biotic variables on legumes nodulation is still ambiguous. We explored the variation of bacterial communities in peanut rhizosphere soil under different agricultural practices (peanut fallow rotation and Vicia villosa Roth-peanut rotation) using Illumina sequencing. Samples were collected in 2020 from a 9-year study (2012–2020) located at Dongxiang countryside (Jiangxi province, China). Compared with peanut fallow rotation (PFR), Vicia villosa Roth-peanut rotation (VPR) significantly (p< 0.05) decreased soil pH (by 0.4–3.9%) and number of peanut nodules (by 20–63.7%). By using the Random forest tool, we found that the difference in peanut nodulation was associated with specific microbiome alterations. The indicator taxa positively responded to the peanut nodulation was enriched in the PFR practice, while VPR led to increased abundance of indicator taxa which negatively responded to peanut nodulation. The path analysis indicated that soil pH has an indirect effect on peanut nodulation through its link with the abundance of indicator taxa. Our work provides evidence that the variation in peanut rhizosphere microbial communities was associated with peanut nodulation.
Compression Devices as an Alternative Approach After Unsuccessful Ring Removal Attempts

Removal of a stuck ring is a medical problem sufficiently common for most practitioners to have an approach. However, there is limited consensus on the best approach to care. Commonly used approaches include lubricant, localized cooling, various forms of finger wrapping, attempts at ring and finger manipulation, and finally cutting or breaking the ring for removal. Each approach has its limitations and potential complications. Rings can also have sentimental value to the patient and destroying or damaging a ring may not be acceptable to the patient. This case report presents an approach to ring removal using a compression device (CD) that successfully allowed medical professionals to remove an intact ring from an injured finger. Several unsuccessful attempts at removal were made before using this CD.
Long-Latency Event-Related Potentials (300–1000 ms) of the Visual Insight

The line of insight research methods that have high temporal and surface resolution is not large—these are EEGs, EPs, and fMRI, as well as their combinations and various options for assessing temporal events of random understanding. The objective of this research was to study the classification of insight for visual illusory images consisting of several objects simultaneously according to the analysis of early, middle, late, and ultra-late components (up to 1000 ms) of event-related potentials (ERPs). ERP research on 42 healthy subjects (men) aged 20–28 years was performed. The stimuli were a line of visual images with an incomplete set of signs, as well as images-illusions, which, with different perceptions, represent different images. The results showed the similarity of the tests to correct recognition of fragments of unrecognition and double images. At the intermediate stage of perception (100–200 ms), in both cases, the activity of the central and frontal cortex decreased, mainly in the left hemisphere. At the later stages of information processing (300–500 ms), the temporal-parietal and occipital brain parts on the right were activated, with the difference that when double objects were perceived, this process expanded to 700–800 ms with the activation of the central and occipital fields of the right hemisphere. Outcomes allowed discussing two possible options for actualizing the mechanisms of long-term memory that ensure the formation of insight—the simultaneous perception of images as part of an illusion. The first of them is associated with the inhibition of the frontal cortex at the stage of synthesis of information flows, with the subsequent activation of the occipital brain parts. The second variant is traditional and manifests itself in the activation of the frontal brain areas, with the subsequent excitation of all brain fields by the mechanisms of exhaustive search.
Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerin with CaCO3 in a batch reactor

ABSTRACT In the present work, a reaction methodology was implemented using a batch reactor, which synthesized glycerol carbonate (GC) using glycerin and CaCO3. A crystallographic analysis of CaCO3 was performed to determine its crystalline form. The obtained product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C). Our analysis demonstrated that the obtained product with the implemented reaction methodology has GC, FTIR showed the signals of the carbonyl groups, and the NMR spectrum confirmed the presence of cyclic carbonate structure in addition to linear carbonates. The thermogravimetric study showed that the thermal stability of the product is highly similar to that reported for GC. These results exhibit that the synthesis process produces linear and cyclic carbonates.
Need for Competency Mapping Scale to Map the Competencies of University Teaching Personnel

Competency is a cross-functional integration and coordination of capabilities (Javidan, 1998) in a way to accomplish the respective job effectively and efficiently. Teaching at the university level is not just following a monotonous set of practices. It requires a higher level of pedagogical skills, behavioral control and teaching philosophy apart from the strong subject knowledge. Thus, there is a requirement of a scale to measure competencies of university teaching personnel. This scale will not only help the institutions by providing “Blue print” for the individual's entire behavioral scope, but also, it will make available a guide for the development of university teaching personnel.
Short Squeezes and Their Consequences

A short squeeze occurs if borrowed shares are recalled and the short seller is unable to find another source of shares. This forces the short seller to terminate a position early. For most stocks, the probability of a short squeeze is very low. Short squeezes, however, are not unusual for the hardest to borrow stocks. For these stocks, trading costs from squeezes are high and have a significant impact on the returns to short selling. For hard-to-borrow stocks, short sellers also miss out on significant abnormal returns because squeezes force them to close positions.
Tailored femtosecond Bessel beams for high-throughput, taper-free through-silicon vias (TSVs) fabrication

For higher-density integration and acceleration of operating speed in Si ICs, 3D integration of wafers and/or dies is essential. Fabrication of current 3D ICs relies on 3D assembly which electrically connects stacked chips to form a single circuit. A key technology for the 3D assembly is TSVs which are vertical electrical connections passing completely through silicon chips to electrically connect vertically assembled Si ICs. Typical TSVs have wide features, with diameters of a range from several microns to 50 μm and depths up to 500 μm with aspect ratios up to 15 depending on the application and integration scheme. In this work, we present high-throughput, taper-free TSVs fabrication using femtosecond Bessel beams operated at different wavelengths from 400 nm to 2.4 μm. Furthermore, special phase filters are designed to suppress the damages induced by the side-lobes of Bessel beams for high-quality TSVs fabrication. Our technique can be potentially used for 3D assembly in manufacture of 3D silicon integrated circuits.
Second-Harmonic Generation Imaging Reveals Changes in Breast Tumor Collagen Induced by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Simple Summary Most breast cancer deaths are due to metastases. Neoadjuvant, or pre-surgical, chemotherapy is given to shrink select aggressive breast cancers but can have unpleasant side effects and induce changes in the tumor microenvironment. This pre-surgical chemotherapy also increases one signature in breast tumors that is prognostic of metastasis. We assessed the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on two other prognostic signatures derived from the tumor collagen: second-harmonic generation directionality and fiber alignment. We found that directionality changes in the tumor bulk of two breast cancer subtypes but not in the tumor/stromal interface. Fiber alignment is increased in only one breast cancer subtype. The results indicate that neoadjuvant chemotherapy affects tumor extracellular collagen in a manner specific to breast tumor subtype and alters some, but not all, prognostic signatures. This may impact the clinical utility of these signatures. Abstract Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women, with most deaths attributed to metastases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) may be prescribed prior to surgical removal of the tumor for subsets of breast cancer patients but can have diverse undesired and off-target effects, including the increased appearance of the ‘tumor microenvironment of metastasis’, image-based multicellular signatures that are prognostic of breast tumor metastasis. To assess whether NACT can induce changes in two other image-based prognostic/predictive signatures derived from tumor collagen, we quantified second-harmonic generation (SHG) directionality and fiber alignment in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of core needle biopsies and primary tumor excisions from 22 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing (HER2+) and 22 triple-negative breast cancers. In both subtypes, we found that SHG directionality (i.e., the forward-to-backward scattering ratio, or F/B) is increased by NACT in the bulk of the tumor, but not the adjacent tumor-stroma interface. Overall collagen fiber alignment is increased by NACT in triple-negative but not HER2+ breast tumors. These results suggest that NACT impacts the collagenous extracellular matrix in a complex and subtype-specific manner, with some prognostic features being unchanged while others are altered in a manner suggestive of a more metastatic phenotype.
Building a Gold Standard dataset to identify articles about Geographic Information Science

To know the overall regional or international scientific production is of vital importance to many areas of knowledge. Nevertheless, in interdisciplinary areas such as Geographic Information Science (GISc) it is not enough to just count papers published in specific journals. Most of them, as is the case of the International Journal of Remote Sensing (IJRS), welcome GISc papers but are not exclusive to that area so the production assignable to authors in the region must consider not only affiliation but also whether or not each paper falls into the theme of GISc. IJRS publishes far more papers than any other GISc journal, so it is important to assess quantitatively how many of them are of GISc. In this work, a representative sample of IJRS articles published over a period of almost 30 years was analyzed using a specific GISc definition. With these data, a manual classification methodology through a set of experts was carried out, and a dataset was built, analyzed, and statistically tested. As a result we estimate that between 47 and 76articles can be considered from GISc, with a confidence level of 95could be used as a gold standard for future classification tasks. It constitutes the first GISc dataset of this kind, that may be used to train artificial intelligence systems capable of performing the same classification automatically and in a massive way. A similar procedure could be applied to other interdisciplinary fields of knowledge as well.
OBTAINING STRAIN-PRODUCER OF RECOMBINANT HEXON OF BOVINE ADENOVIRUS TYPE 3

The diagnosis of bovine adenovirus is difficult due to a large number and identity of clinical symptoms with various diseases. For the diagnosis of adenoviral infection using various methods such as the isolation of the virus, in situ hybridization, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, restriction analysis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The methods used are time consuming and require expensive equipment. In this regard, obtaining recombinant virus antigens of diagnostic importance is very important. One of the important diagnostic antigens is hexon, a group-specific protein that induces the formation of group-specific antibodies. Under de novo conditions, the gene of the N-terminal fragment of hexon of BAV-3 with a length 503 base pairs was synthesized. A strain of E. coli BL21/pET28/rhAdv3 producing recombinant hexon of BAV-3 (rhAdv3) was obtained. The protein produced by the strain BL21/pET28/rhAdv3 contains a hexa-histidine tag and has a molecular weight of 25 kDa. An analysis of the MS/MS data using the Mascot program and the SwissProt database showed that the highest rate (Score 2033) corresponded to a fragment of hexon of BAV-3. The gene of the fragment of the N-terminal part of the hexon of BAV-3 was synthesized. The genetic construct pET28/rhAdv3 and the microorganism strain BL21/pET28/rhAdv3 producing rhAdv3 protein were obtained. rhAdv3 has the potential to develop test systems designed to diagnose adenoviral infection of farm animals.
Characterization of Microbiological Quality of Whole and Gutted Baltic Herring

There is growing interest in Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) and other undervalued, small-sized fish species for human consumption. Gutting or filleting of small-sized fish is impractical; hence, the aim of this study was to explore the suitability of the whole (ungutted) herring for food use. The microbiological quality of commercially fished whole and gutted herring was analysed with culture-dependent methods combined with identification of bacterial isolates with MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and culture-independent 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Whole and gutted herring had between 2.8 and 5.3 log10 CFU g−1 aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria and between 2.2 and 5.6 log10 CFU g−1 H₂S-producing bacteria. Enterobacteria counts remained low in all the analysed herring batches. The herring microbiota largely comprised the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria (71.7% to 95.0%). Shewanella, Pseudomonas, and Aeromonas were the most frequently isolated genera among the viable population; however, with the culture-independent approach, Shewanella followed by Psychrobacter were the most abundant genera. In some samples, a high relative abundance of the phylum Epsilonbacteraeota, represented by the genus Arcobacter, was detected. This study reports the bacterial diversity present in Baltic herring and shows that the microbiological quality was acceptable in all the analysed fish batches.
Resistance furnace temperature control system based on fuzzy-PID

In the system,AT89C52 is applied as the central control part.The three-key structure and LCD are used to set the temperature value and display the actual temperature of the furnace.The SSR is used as execution unit to drive the heating device.The fuzzy control method is introduced into conventional temperature control system of the resistance furnace,and a fuzzy-PID control system is established.By the system simulation,this method is proved to have better responding characteristic and robustness,and it is very applicable to the system with the properties of non-linear,time-varying and big lagging.
State-dependent activity dynamics of hypothalamic stress effector neurons

The stress response necessitates an immediate boost in vital physiological functions from their homeostatic operation to elevated emergency response. However, neural mechanisms underlying this state-dependent change remain largely unknown. Using a combination of in vivo and ex vivo electrophysiology with computational modeling, we report that corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), the effector neurons of hormonal stress response, rapidly transition between distinct activity states through recurrent inhibition. Specifically, in vivo optrode recording shows that under non-stress conditions, CRHPVN neurons often fire with rhythmic brief bursts (RB), which, somewhat counterintuitively, constrains firing rate due to long (∼2 s) inter-burst intervals. Stressful stimuli rapidly switch RB to continuous single spiking (SS), permitting a large increase in firing rate. A spiking network model shows that recurrent inhibition can control this activity-state switch, and more broadly the gain of spiking responses to excitatory inputs. In biological CRHPVN neurons ex vivo, the injection of whole-cell currents derived from our computational model recreates the in vivo-like switch between RB and SS, providing a direct evidence that physiologically relevant network inputs enable state-dependent computation in single neurons. Together, we present a novel mechanism for state-dependent activity dynamics in CRHPVN neurons.
Dynamic QoS-Aware Traffic Planning for Time-Triggered Flows in the Real-Time Data Plane

Many networked applications, e.g., in the domain of cyber-physical systems, require strict service guarantees for time-triggered traffic flows, usually in the form of jitter and latency bounds. It is a notoriously hard problem to compute a network-wide traffic plan, i.e., a set of routes and transmission schedules, that satisfies these requirements, and dynamic changes in the flow set add even more challenges. Existing traffic-planning methods are ill-suited for dynamic scenarios because they either suffer from high computational cost, can result in low network utilization, or provide no explicit guarantees when transitioning to a new traffic plan that incorporates new flows. Therefore, we present a novel approach for dynamic traffic planning of time-triggered flows. Our conflict-graph-based modeling of the traffic planning problem allows for the reconfiguration of active flows to increase the network utilization, while also providing per-flow QoS guarantees during the transition to the new traffic plan. Additionally, we introduce a novel heuristic for computing the new traffic plans. Evaluations of our prototypical implementation show that we can efficiently compute new traffic plans in scenarios with hundreds of active flows for a wide range of settings.
Prediction of Ice-Resistance Distribution for R/V Xuelong Using Measured Sea-Ice Parameters

Increasing human activity in polar areas is making ice-going ships more indispensable in multiple operation scenarios. An improvement in ice-resistance prediction, which cannot be performed without accurate ice parameters, will promote the development of hull design and operational safety in ice-infested waters. The Nataf transformation is applied to generate correlated pseudo-random numbers which represent ice parameters; then, as a numerical method, the circumferential crack method is introduced to calculate the ice resistance of R/V Xuelong in level ice. The main factors which may have a large influence on simulated ice load are studied. The simulation results show that the Burr distribution is the most suitable model to describe the distribution of ice resistance calculated and ice-force amplitude concentrated at a lower level. The statistical results are also discussed and compared with similar research through empirical formulas and Monte Carlo methods. The present simulation can obtain more detailed information during the icebreaking process compared to similar research: the ice force at each time step is achieved; the key ice-force amplitude can be collected, which can benefit studies on hull structure; and potential stress generated by sea ice can be predicted. The present numerical tools and simulation results can provide a reference for ice-going ships sailing in level ice in most scenarios with regard to ice resistance and operational safety.
The Calculation of a Pneumatic System Flow Field with the Pipe Channel Characteristic being Taken into Account

Based on the specific conditions of a pneumatic system the authors have come up with a method for calculating its one dimensional nonsteady compressible flow field with the pipe channel feature as well as the friction and heat transfer being taken into account. In addition, introduced into the calculation of the pneumatic system flow field was a constant pressure model and a pressure recovery one to treat the relevant boundary conditions. A comparison of the calculated results and the test ones has validated the precision of the proposed method.
Rejoinder on ‘A review of distributed statistical inference’

Yuan Gaoa, Weidong Liub, Hansheng Wangc, Xiaozhou Wanga, Yibo Yana and Riquan Zhanga aSchool of Statistics and Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science – MOE, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; bSchool of Mathematical Sciences – School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology – MOE Key Lab of Artifcial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; cGuanghua School of Management, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Healthcare Workers’ SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Uncertainty-Related Stress, Resilience, and Coping Strategies during the First Week of the World Health Organization’s Alert

Background: As the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant emerged and spread globally at an alarming speed, healthcare workers’ (HCWs) uncertainties, worries, resilience, and coping strategies warranted assessment. The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe psychological impact on HCWs, including the development of Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms. Specific subgroups of HCWs, such as front-line and female workers, were more prone to poor mental health outcomes and difficulties facing stress. Methods: The responses to an online questionnaire among HCWs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) were collected from 1 December 2021 to 6 December 2021, aiming to assess their uncertainties, worries, resilience, and coping strategies regarding the Omicron variant. Three validated instruments were used to achieve the study’s goals: the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), the Standard Stress Scale (SSS), and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS)—Short Form. Results: The online survey was completed by 1285 HCWs. Females made up the majority of the participants (64%). A total of 1285 HCW’s completed the online survey from all regions in KSA. Resilient coping scored by the BRCS was negatively and significantly correlated with stress as scored by the SSS (r = −0.313, p < 0.010). Moreover, intolerance of uncertainty scored by the IUS positively and significantly correlated with stress (r = 0.326, p < 0.010). Increased stress levels were linked to a considerable drop in resilient coping scores. Furthermore, being a Saudi HCW or a nurse was linked to a significant reduction in resilient coping ratings. Coping by following healthcare authorities’ preventative instructions and using the WHO website as a source of information was linked to a considerable rise in resilient coping. Conclusions: The negative association between resilient coping and stress was clearly shown, as well as how underlying intolerance of uncertainty is linked to higher stress among HCWs quickly following the development of a new infectious threat. The study provides early insights into developing and promoting coping strategies for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.