Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-electron Quenching of Dinuclear Ruthenium (II) Polypyridyl Complexes

A bridging ligand 5,5’-Bi1,10-phenanthroline, diphen, was prepared using dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)Ni(II), Ni(PPh3)2Cl2 as catalyst with a yield of 40%. Yellow cubic crystals were able to obtain from the good purity product for single crystal analysis. The torsion angle between the planes of the subunit phenanthrolines is about 66 degrees. A dinuclear ruthenium (II) polypyridyl complex, (phen)2Ru(diphen)Ru(phen)2 , was synthesized by using polymeric ruthenium carbonyl compound as the entry point, diphen as the bridging ligand and 1,10-phenanthroline, phen, as the terminal legand. Brown needlelike crystals were precipitated from acetonitrile that were not suitable for single crystal diffraction. The photochemistry of the dimer was investigated in regards to the oxidation and reduction of the ruthenium centers through a series of quenching reactions excited by visible light. The analogous monomeric complexes Ru(bpy)3 2+ and Ru(phen)3 2+ were used as comparisions. In the photoinduced oxidation with peroxydisulfate, S2O8 , the dimer showed a higher Stern-Volmer quenching constant kq than Ru(phen)3 . The dimer showed faster laser flash photolysis transients than Ru(bpy)3 . In the photoinduced reduction with ascorbate, no significant difference between the dimer and Ru(phen)3 . ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I’d like to thank my research advisor Dr. Bill Durham for all his guidance and help he has given me during my time at University of Arkansas. I have been fortunate to have him as my savior, not only academically as well as physically and emotionally, who always was encouraging me, never putting me down. I sincerely thank him for his wisdom and supporting which helped me to finish this dissertation. I would also like to thank the Chemistry department in general for providing a great learning environment. Thanks also to Dr. Jingyi Chen and Dr. Stefan Kilyanek for their willingness to serve on my graduate committee. Thanks to Dr. Nan Zheng for use of his lab. I would also want to thank Dr. Latisha Puckett who is the past member of the Durham’s research group for her help. I am grateful to my friends and colleagues for their encouragement and moral support which made my stay and studies in Fayetteville more unforgettable. Most of all, I would like to thank my lovely parents for all the understanding, patience, love, and support that they has given me during my studies. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER
A Model of Electronic Customer Relationship Management System Adoption In Telecommunication Companies

Employee satisfaction is key to electronic–customer relationship management (E-CRM) systems in telecommunication companies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the direct and indirect effect of technological factors, individual factors, and organizational factors on employees' level of satisfaction. For this study, data was collected from 300 employees' workings in Malaysian telecommunication companies; and the data was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings revealed that technological, organizational, and individual factors are positively and significantly related to satisfaction and perceived usefulness. The results also supported the direct and positive relationship between perceived usefulness between employees' job satisfaction. The study has contributed to the body of literature by exploring the implications of various significant factors in terms of employee satisfaction. Besides, the management of the telecommunication companies may benefit from this study by adopting strategies that not only employee satisfaction but may also enhance the companies' performance. The limitations and the direction for future research are discussed in the end.
On the causal relation between real world activities and emotional expressions of social media users

Social interactions through online social media have become a daily routine of many, and the number of those whose real world (offline) and online lives have become intertwined is continuously growing. As such, the interplay of individuals' online and offline activities has been the subject of numerous research studies, the majority of which explored the impact of people's online actions on their offline activities. The opposite direction of impact—the effect of real‐world activities on online actions—has also received attention but to a lesser degree. To contribute to the latter form of impact, this paper reports on a quasi‐experimental design study that examined the presence of causal relations between real‐world activities of online social media users and their online emotional expressions. To this end, we have collected a large dataset (over 17K users) from Twitter and Foursquare, and systematically aligned user content on the two social media platforms. Users' Foursquare check‐ins provided information about their offline activities, whereas the users' expressions of emotions and moods were derived from their Twitter posts. Since our study was based on a quasi‐experimental design, to minimize the impact of covariates, we applied an innovative model of computing propensity scores. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: (a) users' offline activities do impact their affective expressions, both of emotions and moods, as evidenced in their online shared textual content; (b) the impact depends on the type of offline activity and if the user embarks on or abandons the activity. Our findings can be used to devise a personalized recommendation mechanism to help people better manage their online emotional expressions.
ReCODE to Re-Code: An Instructional Model to Accelerate Students’ Critical Thinking Skills

The instructional models that have been implemented in the classroom could not support the development of students’ critical thinking skills. These instructional models can be well implemented if those models can facilitate students with meaningful learning experiences such as reading, connecting prior knowledge to new information being learned in the classroom as well as doing investigation-based activities, discussion activities, and evaluation activities. The authors conducted the research to develop a ReCODE (Reading, Connecting, Observing, Discussing, Evaluating) instructional model and valid, practical, and effective tools. The procedures for developing the model included the preliminary research phase, prototyping phase, and assessment phase. Data on the validity of the model were collected using expert validation instruments, while the practicality of the model was measured using the instruments for the model’s component practicality and the model’s implementation. The effectiveness of the model was examined using the critical thinking test and questionnaires. The model was implemented to first-year students from the Department of Biology Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar, in the even semester of 2018/2019. The results showed that ReCODE was (1) valid, in terms of the theory underlying the development of the model, the components of the model, and the instructional tools accompanying the model, (2) practical because it had feasible components, and the learning process could be carried out successfully, and (3) effective in improving student critical thinking skills; the model also received positive responses from the lecturer and the students. Thus, this study’s findings suggest that the ReCODE instructional model can be applied in the classroom to facilitate critical thinking.
In Situ TEM Study of Rh Particle Sintering for Three-Way Catalysts in High Temperatures

One of the main factors in the deterioration of automobile three-way catalysts is the sintering of platinum group metals (PGMs). In this study, we used in situ tunneling electron microscopy (TEM) to examine the sintering of Rh particles as the temperature increases. Two types of environmental conditions were tested, namely, vacuum atmosphere with heating up to 1050 °C, and N2 with/without 1% O2 at 1 atm and up to 1000 °C. Under vacuum, Rh particles appeared to be immersed in ZrO2. In contrast, at 1 atm N2 with or without 1% O2, the sintered Rh particles appeared spherical and not immersed in ZrO2. The latter trend of Rh sintering resembles the actual engine-aged catalyst observed ex situ in this study. In the N2 atmosphere, the sintering of support material (ZrO2 or Y-ZrO2) was first observed by in situ TEM, followed by Rh particle sintering. The Rh particle size was slightly smaller on Y-ZrO2 compared to that on ZrO2. To better understand these experimental results, density functional theory was used to calculate the systems’ junction energies, assuming three layers of Rh(111) 4 × 4 structures joined to the support material (ZrO2 and Y-ZrO2). The calculated energies were consistent with the in situ TEM observations in the N2 atmosphere.
Realistic Speech-Driven Talking Video Generation with Personalized Pose

In this work, we propose a method to transform a speaker’s speech information into a target character’s talking video; the method could make the mouth shape synchronization, expression, and body posture more realistic in the synthesized speaker video. This is a challenging task because changes of mouth shape and posture are coupled with audio semantic information. The model training is difficult to converge, and the model effect is unstable in complex scenes. Existing speech-driven speaker methods cannot solve this problem well. The method proposed in this paper first generates the sequence of key points of the speaker’s face and body postures from the audio signal in real time and then visualizes these key points as a series of two-dimensional skeleton images. Subsequently, we generate the final real speaker video through the video generation network. We take a random sampling of audio clips, encode audio contents and temporal correlations using a more effective network structure, and optimize and iterate network outputs using differential loss and attitude perception loss, so as to obtain a smoother pose key-point sequence and better performance. In addition, by inserting a specified action frame into the synthesized human pose sequence window, action poses of the synthesized speaker are enriched, making the synthesis effect more realistic and natural. Then, the final speaker video is generated by the obtained gesture key points through the video generation network. In order to generate realistic and high-resolution pose detail videos, we insert a local attention mechanism into the key point network of the generated pose sequence and give higher attention to the local details of the characters through spatial weight masks. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we used the objective evaluation index NME and user subjective evaluation methods, respectively. Experiment results showed that our method could vividly use audio contentsto generate corresponding speaker videos, and its lip-matching accuracy and expression postures are better than those of previous work. Compared with existing methods in the NME index and user subjective evaluation, our method showed better results.
The Impact of Organic Fertilizer Produced with Vegetable Residues in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Cultivation and Antioxidant Activity

Large amounts of organic waste are produced worldwide. This work aims to evaluate the influence of organic fertilizers, onion peel flour (OPF) and fruit and vegetable flour (FVF) on lettuce cultivation. Lettuce seeds were planted in pure soil (P), P with 10% OPF, and P with 3% FVF. Soil and lettuce leaves were analyzed. The addition of OPF and FVF improved soil quality but only in the soil with FVF was there significant lettuce growth and increase of antioxidant activity: Folin (8.89 mg EAG/g FM), FRAP (1.31 mg Fe2+/g FM), ABTS (4.09 mg TEAC/g−1 FM) and ORAC (0.52 mg TEac/g−1 FM). The present results show an improvement in lettuce nutritional quality and the potential of FVF as an organic fertilizer.
Ex Post Bargaining, Corporate Cash Holdings, and Executive Compensation

Abstract We show that high cash holdings can be used by executives in the ex post bargaining over their compensation. Cash holdings are positively associated with CEO compensation and is driven by non-salary components. In companies with weaker governance, this relation is more pronounced. Using exogenous shocks to the firm’s cash, we show that CEO compensation readily responds to increases in cash holdings, confirming that managers are able to derive personal benefits from excess cash holdings.
Evieta-Based Learning Material in English Business Class: Students’ Perceptions

The purpose of this study is to test students' perceptions of using Evieta-based learning in Business English classes at the Vocational School - IPB University, Bogor. The study was prepared by lecturers as authors of the article for the multimedia learning system used. The data comes from questionnaires on how students perceive implemented learning using the Likert scale. The scoring system performed recommended and non-recommended points. The data were analyzed descriptively using a scoring table from 1 to 100, which is intended to represent the students' views or opinions. The results of this study, which focus on study materials for the English Business class, show that there is a consensus among students that this learning-based learning is effective when applied and applied. The average perception score is 87, indicating six elements of the product (comfort, content, efficient use, language, clarity, and enjoyment).
Genetic diversity and chromosome complement of Galictis cuja (Molina, 1782) (Carnivora: Mustelidae) with comments about its role as parasite hosts

The distribution of Galictis cuja encompasses several countries of South America, including Brazil, where it inhabits the Atlantic Forest, part of Caatinga and part of Cerrado biomes. Herein we analyzed G. cuja specimens from localities in the Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, and Bahia, and the Distrito Federal, mainly roadkilled animals. The genetic diversity was estimated based on DNA sequence data of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (mt-cyb). Analysis of mt-cyb identified high haplotypic diversity, albeit with low nucleotide diversity, suggesting that this population is in expansion and confirming the presence of gene flow. The karyotypes of two Galictis cuja specimens were described as 2n = 38 and FNa = 66. Our data showed that G. cuja is frequent in the investigated areas of Atlantic Forest biome, being a common roadkill mammal. Our data suggest that G. cuja may play a role as a spreader of zoonotic parasites.
Optimization and Analysis of a High Power Density and Fault Tolerant Starter–Generator for Aircraft Application

Permanent magnet synchronous machines provide many dramatic electromagnetic performances such as high efficiency and high power density, which make them more competitive in aircraft electrification, whereas, designing a permanent magnet starter–generator (PMSG), with given consideration to fault tolerance (FT), is a significant challenge and requires great effort. In this paper, a comprehensive FT PMSG design process is proposed which is applied to power systems of turboprops. Firstly, potential slot/pole combinations were selected based on winding factor, harmonic losses and manufacture issues. Then, pursuing high power density, a multiple objective optimization process was carried out to comprehensively rank performances. To meet a fault tolerance target, electrical, magnetic and thermal isolation topologies were investigated and compared, among which 18 slot/12 pole with dual three-phase was selected as the optimal one, with a power density of 7.9 kW/kg. Finally, a finite element analysis verified the performance in normal and post-fault scenarios. The candidate machine has merits concerning high power density and post-fault performance.
Çocuk Hakları Evrensel Sözleşmesi Hükümleri Çerçevesinde Türk Çocuk Oyunlarının İncelenmesi

Playing is one of the fundamental rights of children of the world. In addition to this, children's games, which are the main means of playing, have great importance in terms of civilizations due to it’s role in preserving cultural accumulation and social fabric, it’s transferring between generations and ensuring it’s continuity. It is seen that the provisions of Convention on the Rights of the Child which is considered as the main basis of the rights of the children, also emphasizes these issues seriously. In the research, depend on the foresight that Turkish children's games can have important contact points with children's rights, it’s aimed to determine the ways in which Turkish children's games which are the product of local (cultural) accumulation, are contacted with the rights of Turkish children. The research is a review of a literature designed in accordance with the qualitative research approach. In this research, 1677 Turkish children's games were examined contextually. The games examined in the Convention’s axis were scrutinised under eight different titles. As a result of the research, it has been determined that traditional Turkish children's games exhibit a content profile that coincides with eight different developmental areas, especially the child's development and participation main rights in terms of the Universal Convention on the Rights of the Child. In this direction, some determinations which are related to the positive aspects of social awareness development about Turkish children's games were revealed.
Organizational Factors That Drive to BIM Effectiveness: Technological Learning, Collaborative Culture, and Senior Management Support

Senior management support is a key dynamic capacity for design companies in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, given the fact that they must identify changes in the competitive environment, which are increasingly becoming more and more technological. In addition, senior management support is obliged to react in the most efficient and effective way. Currently, the project design teams that have adopted building information modeling (BIM) are subject to constant changes in the technological environment, of which the activity is influenced by the behavior of senior management support. This research focuses on this issue by analyzing the role played by the variables of technological learning, collaborative culture, and support provided by senior management as precedents of BIM technology effectiveness. The data set has been obtained from 92 AEC companies in Spain. Using partial least squares (PLS), this research finds evidence of the previously mentioned relationships and the existence of partial mediation effects generated by technological learning and collaborative culture within the support of senior management in BIM technology effectiveness. In addition, this model achieves an appropriate level of predictive validation to explain BIM technology effectiveness in engineering project designs. The results highlight that senior management support needs to promote a technological learning and collaborative culture to improve the technological capabilities. The contribution and original value of the paper is to provide empirical evidence that the effectiveness of BIM factors in project design teams is influenced by the behavior of top management support.
Barriers to tests and exams for autistic pupils: improving access and longer-term outcomes

ABSTRACT Despite the availability of access arrangements for tests and exams for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities, many autistic children and young people have low academic achievements. There is also a lack of consensus on what their educational priorities should be and a failure to link their school programmes to longer-term outcomes. More broadly in the UK, the value of tests in primary school is contested. In this qualitative study based in five mainstream primary schools in England, school staff (n = 36), autistic children (n = 10), their parents (n = 10), autistic adults (n = 10), and a sample of parents of children in the same class as the participating autistic children (n = 63) provided their views on school tests and educational priorities for primary school pupils. Findings reveal mixed opinions on what autistic pupils should study in school, and suggest that they are not receiving the access arrangements for tests to which they are potentially entitled. Additional factors, including stress in school and the language of test questions, create further barriers to education and success in tests. Addressing these issues and consulting with autistic pupils on their educational priorities could help improve their future well-being and attainment.
Sailing through the COVID-19 Crisis by Using AI for Financial Market Predictions

The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought the world to an unprecedented position where financial and mental resources are drying up. Livelihoods are being lost, and it is becoming tough to save lives. These are the times to think of unprecedented solutions to the financial challenges being faced. Artificial intelligence (AI) has provided a fresh approach to finance through its implementation in the prediction of financial market prices by promising more generalizable results for stock market forecasting. Immense literature has attempted to apply AI and machine learning for predicting stock market returns and volatilities. The research on the applications of AI in finance lacks a consolidated overview of different research directions, findings, methodological approaches, and contributions. Therefore, there is a need to consolidate the extant literature in this upcoming field to consolidate the findings, identify the research gaps in the existing literature, and set a research agenda for future researchers. This paper addresses this need by synthesizing the extant literature in the form of a systematic review for addressing the use of AI in stock market predictions and interpreting the results in a narrative review. The gap formed through this article is the use of a combination of AI as a subject with the neural network as another area and stock market forecasting as another theme, and it will pave the way for future research studies. The analyses help highlight four important gaps in the existing literature on the subject.
Sequential Model Optimization for Software Effort Estimation

Many methods have been proposed to estimate how much effort is required to build and maintain software. Much of that research tries to recommend a single method – an approach that makes the dubious assumption that one method can handle the diversity of software project data. To address this drawback, we apply a configuration technique called “ROME” (Rapid Optimizing Methods for Estimation), which uses sequential model-based optimization (SMO) to find what configuration settings of effort estimation techniques work best for a particular data set. We test this method using data from 1161 traditional waterfall projects and 120 contemporary projects (from GitHub). In terms of magnitude of relative error and standardized accuracy, we find that ROME achieves better performance than the state-of-the-art methods for both traditional waterfall and contemporary projects. In addition, we conclude that we should not recommend one method for estimation. Rather, it is better to search through a wide range of different methods to find what works best for the local data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest effort estimation experiment yet attempted and the only one to test its methods on traditional waterfall and contemporary projects.