Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Product of Stanley symmetric functions

We study the problem of expanding the product of two Stanley symmetric functions Fw · Fu into Stanley symmetric functions in some natural way. Our approach is to consider a Stanley symmetric function as a stabilized Schubert polynomial Fw = limn→∞S1n×w, and study the behavior of the expansion of S1n×w · S1n×u into Schubert polynomials, as n increases. We prove that this expansion stabilizes and thus we get a natural expansion for the product of two Stanley symmetric functions. In the case when one permutation is Grassmannian, we have a better understanding of this stability. Résumé. Nous étudions le problème de l’développement du produit de deux fonctions symétriques de Stanley Fw ·Fu en fonctions symétriques de Stanley de façon naturelle. Notre méthode consiste à considerer une fonction symétrique de Stanley comme un polynôme du Schubert stabilisé Fw = limn→∞S1n×w, et à étudier le comportement de l’développement de S1n×W · S1n×u en polynômes de Schubert lorsque n augmente. Nous prouvons que cette développement se stabilise et donc nous obtenons une développement naturelle pour le produit de deux fonctions symétriques de Stanley. Dans le cas où l’une des permutations est Grassmannienne, nous avons une meilleure compréhension de cette stabilité.
Problem-based learning and teacher training in mathematics

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a constructivist learner-centered instructional approach based on the analysis, resolution and discussion of a given problem. It can be applied to any subject, indeed it is especially useful for the teaching of mathematics. When compared to "traditional" teaching, the PBL approach requires increased responsibility for the teachers (in addition to the presentation of mathematical knowledge, they need to engage students in gathering information and using their knowledge to solve given problems). It thus become crucial that the future teachers become aware of its effectiveness. One of the main obstacle to this awareness lies usually on the fact that future teachers did not find this methodology in their own pre-service training. In this paper we will describe the attempt to introduce PBL in University courses so to have future maths teacher "experience mathematics" themselves.
The Impacts of Oil Prices, Exchange Rate and COVID-19 Pandemic on BIST Petrochemical Market

Stock markets are developing with the economic growth of the countries in a liberal market economy. Petrochemicals is an indicator of the performance of the country's industry with high inter-industry linkage by providing input to several sectors, producing various outputs with a certain number of raw materials. The COVID-19 pandemic period has affected all markets worldwide and caused fluctuations in the index values of large firms in the petrochemical industry in Borsa Istanbul (BIST). This study analyzes the impact of the pandemic period and change in the oil prices and exchange rate on the petrochemical market in Turkey. The monthly data of petrochemical stock market index, exchange rate, oil prices are used in this time series analysis. A pandemic information index representing the COVID-19 pandemic was derived and included in the model. According to the results, it is observed that the most important determinant of the fluctuations on the BIST petrochemical index is the oil prices. While a shock in oil prices negatively affects the BIST petrochemical index, the petrochemical index responds positively to the shock in the pandemic index.
Prefetching Based on Bayesian Approach Data Dissemination in Vehicular Cloud Systems

Objectives : To maximize data dissemination success probability in an average sense when the size of local data storage is limited and wireless connectivity is stochastically unknown. Methods : Vehicle Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) is an emerging technology which obtains the attention of the academic institutions and industries. The vehicular communications (VC) enhance the security and the efficiency of supplying and transportation systems. The base of the communication is Data dissemination which plays a vital role in VANET system. Various data dissemination technologies were developed for avoiding the issues such as data routing, vehicle mobility and network security. Findings : In this paper, considered data dissemination problem and proposed data pre-fetching scheme based on Bayesian approach in order to maximize the data dissemination and for easy implementation and are more robust to delayed feedback, that is, when the rewards are not obtained instantly. Application/Improvements: To increase the data dissemination success probability, to improve the network security and for Extra randomaization pre-fetching based Bayesian approach is proposed.
FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF ORAL CONTROLLED RELEASE OF MUCOADHESIVE ALGINATE MICROBEADS CONTAINING FLUVASTATIN SODIUM

Objective: The aim of this study is to prepare oral controlled release (CR) of mucoadhesive alginate microbeads encapsulating fluvastatin by gastroretention technology. Methods: The mucoadhesive microbeads containing fluvastatin were produced using emulsification internal gelation technique. The effect of different variables such as sodium alginate concentration and its combination with other hydrophilic polymers, and the effect of various curing agents on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro studies were evaluated. Results: There was no marked change in drug entrapment efficiency, and dissolution studies occur during the stability studies of fluvastatin. The in vitro results give data that improvement in the CR of the drug from microbeads compared with marketed tablet. Hence, in this regard, to minimize the frequency of drug administration to reduce side effects. The optimum condition for the preparation of stable alginate beads and produce CR manner was occurred at a higher concentration of combined polymer mixture in equal ratios, i.e., 3% w/v. Infrared spectroscopic study (Fourier transform infrared) confirmed the no incompatibility between drug and other excipients. X-ray diffraction study and differential scanning calorimetry were provided evidence that successful entrapment of drug into the alginates microbeads and drug converted into amorphous nature. The efficiency of mucoadhesion strength of microbeads was determined by wash-off study. Conclusion: The kinetic modeling of the release data indicates drug release from the microbeads follow anomalous transport mechanism and super Case-II transport mechanism. Drug release is a function of pH dependent and controlled drug release depends on type and concentration of polymer blend and curing agents. The release kinetics of drug from the alginate beads followed zero order. and the mechanism of drug release was completely swelling and diffusion-controlled based. The diffusion
Quantum Zeno effect and dynamics

If frequent measurements ascertain whether a quantum system is still in a given subspace, it remains in that subspace and a quantum Zeno effect takes place. The limiting time evolution within the projected subspace is called quantum Zeno dynamics. This phenomenon is related to the limit of a product formula obtained by intertwining the time evolution group with an orthogonal projection. By introducing a novel product formula, we will give a characterization of the quantum Zeno effect for finite-rank projections in terms of a spectral decay property of the Hamiltonian in the range of the projections. Moreover, we will also characterize its limiting quantum Zeno dynamics and exhibit its (not necessarily bounded from below) generator as a generalized mean value Hamiltonian.
Viability of Lyophilized Bacteria

When Serratia marcescens cultures were treated with dilute solutions of phenol or hydrogen peroxide before drying or by lyophilization at suboptimal pH, the log of the number of cells surviving lyophilization was correlated with subsequent free radical production by the dried cells. Since the rate of free radical production and rate of death were similarly affected by temperature, the log of the number of cells surviving after 6 days was inversely related to the free radical concentration at that time. Free radicals were produced in proportion to the log of oxygen pressure, and viability was inversely related to oxygen tension; again, free radical concentration appeared to be correlated with the death of organisms.
Variational Problems in Differential Geometry: Multiplier ideal sheaves and geometric problems

In this expository article we first give an overview on multiplier ideal sheaves and geometric problems in K\"ahlerian and Sasakian geometries. Then we review our recent results on the relationship between the support of the subschemes cut out by multiplier ideal sheaves and the invariant whose non-vanishing obstructs the existence of K\"ahler-Einstein metrics on Fano manifolds.
The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics

The UK historical monetary policy experience is rich of institutional changes, but it remains unclear which of these many events dominated the policy actions andwhat timing characterised the inception of different policy regimes.We develop a new empirical approach to answer these questions and we identify in particular the historical institutional events that effectively translated into a shift of the systematic actions of the UK monetary authorities. We find that not all institutional events triggered a contemporaneous change in the actual policy conduct, although a coherent evolution in phases is evident since 1978, when a significant monetary policy rule emerges. These occasional but not sporadic regime changes explain a considerable share of the movements in the official interest rate, as well as an overstatement of the importance of policy inertia.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF EIGHT MAIZE VARIETIES TO SALINITY UNDER THE FIELD AND GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

An experiment was conducted in two fields (normal and saline) to study the effect of salinity on eight varieties of maize ( Zea mays L.) for three years. Another experiment was carried out in three salinity levels, zero (control), 50 and 100 mM NaCl in greenhouse at the factorial design in a year. During the experiment characters such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and proline content were measured. Comparison of means in different soil of salinity showed that, there were significant differences in genotypes in most traits. Maximum amount of chlorophyll a was observed in S.C704 in control condition and there was no significant difference from B73. In field condition maximum and minimum amount of proline were observed in S.C704 in saline condition and K3615/1 in normal condition, respectively. In greenhouse, maximum amount of chlorophyll a was observed in K3615/1 variety.
The Impact of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia, Mekelle Branch

This paper examined the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia, Mekelle branch. The five hypotheses were tested by using statistical techniques. The study is explanatory type of research. The sample size is 300 and is chosen on convenient basis. The primary source of data was collected using questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Ordinal regression method was used to model the relationship between the customer satisfaction and service quality dimensions. The explanatory variables include tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy; and the response variable is customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction was measured on ordered, categorical, and five-point Likert scale: strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree and strongly agree. The model fitting statistics and the reliability of the model assumption: parallel lines tests, overall goodness of fit information were tested. The findings indicated that the explanatory variables were significantly associated with the customer satisfaction. Keywords: Service quality dimensions and Customer satisfaction. DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/72-02 Publication date: October 31 st 2020
Untangling the Main Components of Hydromorphological Alteration In Greek Rivers

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires from member states to monitor hydromorphological features of rivers in order to assess their ecological quality. Thus, numerous hydromorphological assessment methods have been developed with most of them focusing on the dynamics of hydrology, geomorphology and riparian zone extent. Within the scope of this study, we assessed the hydromorphological features of 106 river reaches distributed among fourteen WFD River Basin Districts (RBDs) to identify the main drivers of hydromorphological perturbation. We employed the River Habitat Survey (RHS) and we recorded hydromorphological features and modifications in both banks and the channel bed along 500 m for each reach. Then, the Habitat Modification Score (HMS) and the individual sub-scores that indicate the extent of specific modifications (e.g., bridges, fords, weirs, bank reprofiling, bank reinforcement etc) were calculated in order to a) assess the severity of the total artificial modification and b) to highlight the most common and severe causes of longitudinal and cross-sectional alterations. The results showed that alterations such as reprofiling and reinforcement of banks, contributed the most to the total HMS followed by the presence of fords and bridges. Particularly the bank alterations indicate a serious deterioration of the longitudinal profile of the reaches while the occurrence of many fords and bridges is the main cause for perturbations that affect the stream cross-sectional profile. Overall, these results compile a first nationwide assessment of the hydromorphological status of Greek rivers in line with the WFD and set the basis for further research that will focus on the diversity of stream habitat features as a measure for the overall ecological quality.
Isoperimetric, Sobolev and Poincaré inequalities on hypersurfaces in sub-Riemannian Carnot groups

In this paper we shall study smooth submanifolds immersed in a k-step Carnot group G of homogeneous dimension Q. Among other results, we shall prove an isoperimetric inequality for the case of a $C^2$-smooth compact hypersurface S with - or without - boundary $\partial S$; S and $\partial S$ are endowed with their homogeneous measures, actually equivalent to the intrinsic (Q-1)-dimensional and (Q-2)-dimensional Hausdorff measures with respect to some homogeneous metric $\varrho$ on G; see Section 5. This generalizes a classical inequality, involving the mean curvature of the hypersurface, proven by Michael and Simon [63] and, independently by Allard [1]. In particular, from this result one may deduce some related Sobolev-type inequalities; see Section 7. The strategy of the proof is inspired by the classical one. In particular, we shall begin by proving some linear isoperimetric inequalities. Once this is proven, one can deduce a local monotonicity formula and then conclude the proof by a covering argument. We stress however that there are many differences, due to our different geometric setting. Some of the tools which have been developed ad hoc in this paper are, in order, a ``blow-up'' theorem, which also holds for characteristic points, and a smooth Coarea Formula for the HS-gradient; see Section 3 and Section 4. Other tools are the horizontal integration by parts formula and the 1st variation of the H-perimeter already developed in [68], [69], and here generalized to hypersurfaces having non-empty characteristic set. Some natural applications of these results are in the study of minimal and constant horizontal mean curvature hypersurfaces. Moreover we shall prove some purely horizontal, local and global Poincar\'e-type inequalities as well as some related facts and consequences; see Section 4 and Section 5.
Tree structures for the current fluctuations in the exclusion process

We consider the asymmetric simple exclusion process on a ring, with an arbitrary asymmetry between the hopping rates of the particles. Using a functional formulation of the Bethe equations of the model, we derive exact expressions for all the cumulants of the current in the stationary state. These expressions involve tree structures with composite nodes. In the thermodynamic limit, three regimes can be observed for the current fluctuations depending on how the asymmetry scales with the size of the system.
Quantales of open groupoids

It is well known that inverse semigroups are closely related to \'etale groupoids. In particular, it has recently been shown that there is a (non-functorial) equivalence between localic \'etale groupoids, on one hand, and complete and infinitely distributive inverse semigroups (abstract complete pseudogroups), on the other. This correspondence is mediated by a class of quantales, known as inverse quantal frames, that are obtained from the inverse semigroups by a simple join completion that yields an equivalence of categories. Hence, we can regard abstract complete pseudogroups as being essentially ``the same'' as inverse quantal frames, and in this paper we exploit this fact in order to find a suitable replacement for inverse semigroups in the context of open groupoids that are not necessarily \'etale. The interest of such a generalization lies in the importance and ubiquity of open groupoids in areas such as operator algebras, differential geometry and topos theory, and we achieve it by means of a class of quantales, called open quantal frames, which generalize inverse quantal frames and whose properties we study in detail. The resulting correspondence between quantales and open groupoids is not a straightforward generalization of the previous results concerning \'etale groupoids, and it depends heavily on the existence of inverse semigroups of local bisections of the quantales involved.
Kratkoročno prognoziranje obima ekspres usluga primenom holt-winters metode

global level. This paper focuses on the express market as a very significant segment of the Postal market. The accent was placed on forecasting the scope of operations of this service, as the input size of the planning process for the postal network resources. Reliable forecast responds to the needs for future capabilities and presents input data for creating plans, which is of great importance for mail business. The planning process of the postal system implies a large number of technical and commercial type decisions. The decisions are mainly based on knowledge of the number of current and potential users, in other words, on knowledge future demand for postal services. In this paper, the multiplicative Holt-Winters model is used to forecast the express services in international traffic in Serbia. A comparison of the obtained results with the Method of Moving Averages was conducted.
Symmetry Classes

Physical systems exhibiting stochastic or chaotic behavior are often amenable to treatment by random matrix models. In deciding on a good choice of model, random matrix physics is constrained and guided by symmetry considerations. The notion of 'symmetry class' (not to be confused with 'universality class') expresses the relevance of symmetries as an organizational principle. Dyson, in his 1962 paper referred to as the Threefold Way, gave the prime classification of random matrix ensembles based on a quantum mechanical setting with symmetries. In this article we review Dyson's Threefold Way from a modern perspective. We then describe a minimal extension of Dyson's setting to incorporate the physics of chiral Dirac fermions and disordered superconductors. In this minimally extended setting, where Hilbert space is replaced by Fock space equipped with the anti-unitary operation of particle-hole conjugation, symmetry classes are in one-to-one correspondence with the large families of Riemannian symmetric spaces.
Integral equation models for thermoacoustic imaging of acoustic dissipative tissue

The main task of thermoacoustic imaging is the estimation of a function, denoted by ϕ, which depends on the electromagnetic absorption function and the optical scattering properties of the tissue. In the absence of acoustic dissipation, the parameter function ϕ can be estimated from one of the three types of projections (spherical, circular or planar). In the case of acoustic dissipative wave propagation in tissue, it is no longer possible to explicitly calculate the projection of ϕ from the respective pressure data (measured by point, planar or line detectors). The goal of this paper is to derive for each of the three types of pressure detectors, an integral equation that allows estimation of the respective projections of ϕ. The advantage of this approach is that known reconstruction formulas for ϕ using the respective projection data can then be exploited.
EFFECT OF ENZYMATIC CONVERSION OF LACTOSE ON THE FLAVOUR PROFILE OF GOAT MILK KEFIR AND ITS PERMEATE AFTER MICROFILTRATION

The aim of the study was to analyse the ﬂ avour pro ﬁ le and general lust of innovative dairy products – ke ﬁ r, which has increased health-oriented values resulting from an increase in the ratio of whey protein and an enzymatic bioconversion of lactose. Ke ﬁ r was prepared from a mixture of goat milk and its permeate concentrated with micro ﬁ ltration and ultra ﬁ ltration processes, combined in a ratio of 6:4. The permeate addition increases sweetness and reduces overall ﬂ avour of the dairy. The enzymatic conversion of lactose into galactooligosaccharides further increases the sweetness of the dairy mixture, while simultaneously weakening the odours both goatish and processed.
THE OPTIMIZATION OF MEMS THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENERIC MANUFACTURING PLATFORMS.

Since the first paper considering silicon as a structural material [1], MEMS have gained a considerable attractiveness, first in niche markets (aerospace, military), then in automotive (airbag triggering systems, and later roll-over control) and consumer industry (MEMS accelerometers and gyrometers in game consoles and mobile phones). Today they show a pervasive use in all markets sectors (industry, medical, environment.). This noteworthy development explains the high growth already observed in the multi billion dollar MEMS industry (~12B US$ in 2013) and the associated impressive annual CAGR (~12.7 %) forecast for the next few years [2]. During this past period of expansion, MEMS manufacturing technologies have undergone several changes starting with the 80’s bulk micromachining technologies, moving to surface micromachining technologies in the 90’s, then to SOI MEMS micromachining technologies in the 00’s. Coming now at the time of technical maturity, and in a context of ambitious initiatives such as Internet of Things [3],[4] or Trillions sensors vision [5], MEMS industry is now requiring more standardization in manufacturing processes, and several initiatives are in preparation in the main R&D labs worldwide. This paper presents Leti’s contribution to develop generic platforms matching the suitable MEMS technologies with different applications. Given the different levels of maturity between physical and chemical sensors, two specific approaches have been considered and Leti has today implemented two different platforms. M&NEMS: A GENERIC PLATFORM FOR PHYSICAL SENSORS.