Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A computation paradigm for multiple mobile agent systems

Mobile agent (MA) systems have been proposed as a potentially useful computing paradigm for distributed applications. An MA is an autonomous computing entity, which migrates from one host to another carrying its code/data/state information, to accomplish a task on behalf of its owner. The concept is attractive since mobility of the agent brings execution closer to the remote resources resulting in a great reduction of communication overhead, and the autonomy property of the agent relieves the attention of the initiating owner, rendering more concurrency for the applications. The primary hindrance that prevents MA systems from wider acceptance is the concern of MA security. Protection of agents from malicious hosts is considered a difficult problem. Our goals are to prove that sufficient degree of agent security can be achieved to make MA systems a reality, and to propose prototype architecture for secure multiple MA systems. Our approach relies on the assumption that security can be enhanced through the use of multiple collaborating MAs. We conjecture that security can be strengthened through protection as a whole meaning that attacks to some of the agents cannot corrupt the entire group of agents performing collaboratively on a common task. One of the problems tackled in this research is the requirement of the ability to compute with secrets in a public domain. Our research focuses on a special case of this problem, i.e., remote digital signing with multiple agents. Multiple collaborating MAs are a natural extension (with mobility) of the research on multi-agent systems in artificial intelligence. Central to the design of mobile systems is the ability to track the locations of migrating agents. In our proposed multiple MA system, agents need contextual information based on location to optimize their traveling itineraries. We propose a general coordinate-based peer-to-peer network-positioning scheme for the system. The design of such a location service opens up many new and interesting variations of the classical traveling salesperson problem. The location service is used in a simulation tool for analyzing the performance and communication overhead of the MA-based network.
Drake, John H. and Özcan, Ender and Burke, Edmund (2015) A case study of controlling crossover in a selection hyper-heuristic framework using the multidimensional knapsack problem. Evolutionary Computation . ISSN 1530-9304

In evolutionary algorithms, crossover operators are used to recombine multiple candidate solutions to yield a new solution that hopefully inherits good genetic material. Hyper-heuristics are high-level methodologies which operate on a search space of heuristics for solving complex problems. In a selection hyper-heuristic framework, a heuristic is chosen from an existing set of low-level heuristics and applied to the current solution to produce a new solution at each point in the search. Crossover is increasingly being included in general purpose hyper-heuristic tools such as HyFlex and Hyperion, however little work has been done to assess how best to utilise it. Since a single-point search hyper-heuristic operates on a single candidate solution and two candidate solutions are required for crossover, a mechanism is required to control the choice of the other solution. The frameworks we propose maintain a list of potential solutions for use in crossover. We investigate the use of such lists at two conceptual levels. Firstly, crossover is controlled at the hyper-heuristic level where no problemspecific information is required. Secondly, it is controlled at the problem domain level where problem-specific information is used to produce good quality solutions to use for crossover. A number of selection hyper-heuristics are compared using these frameworks over three benchmark libraries with varying properties for an NP-hard optimisation problem; the multidimensional 0-1 knapsack problem. It is shown that allowing crossover to be managed at the domain level outperforms managing crossover at the hyper-heuristic level in this problem domain.
Parallelizing Large-Scale Geophysical Applications in Java

Within Geophysics, seismic methods are an essential tool for petroleum and gas exploration. They produce images of the earth's interior and let explorationists analyze the geological structure of the underground. The memory and time requirements of seismic calculations suggest parallel implementations. In Fortran, however, parallel program code often not only lacks maintainability and reusability, but can be errorprone and looses portability when parallelization is attempted. This study shows that the advantages of Java (portability, parallel language constructs, strict objectorientation) can be used to e ciently implement basic seismic methods with acceptable performance. The performance of parallel High Resolution Velocity Analysis and parallel Imaging implemented in JavaParty is compared to the performance of HighPerformance Fortran on IBM SP/2. Thereby a slowdown factor between Java and High-Performance Fortran of only about 1.5-2 has been achieved. 1 The Problem Seismic methods are an important tool for petroleum and gas exploration. They aim at producing images of the earth's interior and let analysts determine the geological structure of the underground. Seismic methods process data obtained by re ections of elastic waves from di erent structural elements within the earth. The data are examined according to di erent speeds which distinguish the speci c underlying structures. The necessary operations demand large amounts of processor time and memory. The implementations of such methods in procedural programming languages like FORTRAN that are largely used in petroleum industry have some disadvantages: Procedural programming languages usually lack in software reusability and therefore make it di cult to maintain the source code. They don't involve an intrinsic hierarchy of operators which is needed for a compound framework of seismic methods. Message Passing libraries are used to implement seismic methods on parallel distributed memory computers. With these libraries the programmer does not only have to deal with the seismic problem but in addition has to tackle the key problems of parallel programming: load balancing and locality. The Java programming language [1, 2] alleviates some of these problems. Java is object-oriented and o ers language elements to express thread-based parallelism and synchronization without additional system libraries. In combination with the integrated Geophysical Institute, Karlsruhe University, Germany Department of Computer Science, Karlsruhe University, Germany part of this study has been supported by a diploma thesis grant of the Prof. Dr.-Ing. Erich M ullerStiftung, Germany
A Low-cost IMU/GNSS Cooperative Positioning Method for VANETs in the Urban Environments

It is important to know the key problem of the emerging intelligent transportation systems –relative position, especially in the collision warning and speeds advisory. However, the commercial Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) receiver cannot up to the standard of these purpose. Fortunately, using Cooperative Positioning (CP) techniques to share the GNSS measurements between vehicles can largely improve the performance of relative positioning in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). But in urban environments, the reduced quality or complete unavailability of GNSS measurements challenge the effectiveness of any CP algorithm. In this paper, a new improved tight CP technique is proposed which adds the measurements from low cost inertial sensors. In the enhanced CP method proposed here, vehicles communicate their GPS measurements and inertial measurement unit (IMU) data, and each vehicle fuses local GPS and IMU measurements and those of the neighbours. Experimental results show that the new tight integration CP method can enhance the relative positioning in low GPS coverage environment, such as in very dense urban areas and tunnels.
Enhanced photoluminescence of Si nanocrystals-doped cellulose nanofibers by plasmonic light scattering

We report the development of bio-compatible cellulose nanofibers doped with light emitting silicon nanocrystals and Au nanoparticles via facile electrospinning. By performing photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy as a function of excitation wavelength, we demonstrate plasmon-enhanced PL by a factor of 2.2 with negligible non-radiative quenching due to plasmon-enhanced scattering of excitation light from Au nanoparticles to silicon nanocrystals inside the nanofibers. These findings provide an alternative approach for the development of plasmon-enhanced active systems integrated within the compact nanofiber geometry. Furthermore, bio-compatible light-emitting nanofibers prepared by a cost-effective solution-based processing are very promising platforms for biophotonic applications such as fluorescence sensing and imaging.
Survivable Software

The Survivable Software framework (SSW), developed under award AFOSR FA955009-1-0481, uses a synergistic combination of (1) compiler-assisted, aspect-oriented program instrumentation, (2) software monitoring with overhead control, (3) runtime verification with state estimation, and (4) adaptive runtime verification to closely monitor high-criticality monitor instances, thereby increasing the probability of violation detection and concomitantly allowing for appropriate repair and recovery actions to be initiated. Applications include online and offline analysis of operating system kernellevel concurrency, and the analysis of NASA space-mission software. This final report discusses each of these key components of the Survivable Software framework, and highlights project accomplishments on a year-by-year basis, including the production of three PhD dissertations.
IDENTIFICATION OF ANAEROBIC RUMEN FUNGI USING MOLECULAR METHODOLOGIES BASED ON RIBOSOMAL ITS1

Ruminal anaerobic fungi are important contributors to the utilization of poor-quality, high fiber pastures and crop residues by ruminants. Nucleic acid-based techniques which can be used to characterize complex microbial communities without incubation are now being employed regularly in ruminant nutrition studies. The foundation of the molecular ecology techniques is ITS1 rDNA sequence analysis which has provided a phylogenetically based classification scheme for identification of rumen fungi members. In this research, we try to determine the genetic diversity of the gastrointestinal tract anaerobic fungi in buffalos of Iran. After the sampling of the rumen contents, the genomic DNA was extracted from 10 fungal samples and then the electrophoresis was done to confirm the operations accuracy and after that, the PRC cultivation of ITSI region from the rRNA genes. The primers were GM1 and GM2. The phylogenetic tree was drawn using the Neighbor-joining method and the MEGA software. Sequence analysis of ITS1 spacer seems a promising tool for comparing a variety of rumen fungal isolates.
Filter Before You Parse: Faster Analytics on Raw Data with Sparser

Exploratory big data applications often run on raw unstructured or semi-structured data formats, such as JSON files or text logs. These applications can spend 80--90% of their execution time parsing the data. In this paper, we propose a new approach for reducing this overhead: apply filters on the data's raw bytestream before parsing. This technique, which we call raw filtering, leverages the features of modern hardware and the high selectivity of queries found in many exploratory applications. With raw filtering, a user-specified query predicate is compiled into a set of filtering primitives called raw filters (RFs). RFs are fast, SIMD-based operators that occasionally yield false positives, but never false negatives. We combine multiple RFs into an RF cascade to decrease the false positive rate and maximize parsing throughput. Because the best RF cascade is data-dependent, we propose an optimizer that dynamically selects the combination of RFs with the best expected throughput, achieving within 10% of the global optimum cascade while adding less than 1.2% overhead. We implement these techniques in a system called Sparser, which automatically manages a parsing cascade given a data stream in a supported format (e.g., JSON, Avro, Parquet) and a user query. We show that many real-world applications are highly selective and benefit from Sparser. Across diverse workloads, Sparser accelerates state-of-the-art parsers such as Mison by up to 22 × and improves end-to-end application performance by up to 9 ×.
Epigenetics and Beyond Epigenetic Inheritance “ What Genes Remember ” Caring Mothers Strike Fatal Blow against Genetic Determinism

Evidence has been emerging since the early 1990s that lack of parental care or childhood abuse can contribute to subsequent criminal behaviour [2]. A study sponsored by the US National Institute of Justice showed that a child who experienced neglect or physical abuse was 53 percent more likely to be arrested as a juvenile and 38 percent more as an adult compared with a child who was not neglected or abused. Another study found that 68.4 percent of male inmates from a New York State correctional institution reported childhood abuse or neglect: 71.2 percent for violent offenders and 61.8 percent for non-violent offenders.
Nonlinear Group IV photonics based on silicon and germanium: from near-infrared to mid-infrared

Abstract Group IV photonics hold great potential for nonlinear applications in the near- and mid-infrared (IR) wavelength ranges, exhibiting strong nonlinearities in bulk materials, high index contrast, CMOS compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. In this paper, we review our recent numerical work on various types of silicon and germanium waveguides for octave-spanning ultrafast nonlinear applications. We discuss the material properties of silicon, silicon nitride, silicon nano-crystals, silica, germanium, and chalcogenide glasses including arsenic sulfide and arsenic selenide to use them for waveguide core, cladding and slot layer. The waveguides are analyzed and improved for four spectrum ranges from visible, near-IR to mid-IR, with material dispersion given by Sellmeier equations and wavelength-dependent nonlinear Kerr index taken into account. Broadband dispersion engineering is emphasized as a critical approach to achieving on-chip octave-spanning nonlinear functions. These include octave-wide supercontinuum generation, ultrashort pulse compression to sub-cycle level, and mode-locked Kerr frequency comb generation based on few-cycle cavity solitons, which are potentially useful for next-generation optical communications, signal processing, imaging and sensing applications.
Tourette Syndrome: School-Based Interventions for Tics and Associated Conditions.

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by motor and phonic tics that follow a fluctuating pattern of severity, intensity and frequency. TS is often associated with other conditions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and learning difficulties. This complex phenotype affects the academic performance and social adjustment of pupils with TS. However, little data are available on the role of school-based interventions. This paper reviews the educational interventions for TS and consolidates evidence on the fundamental role of school in the management of the behavioral and learning difficulties that pupils with TS experience. The study aims to investigate the educational repercussions of tics and associated conditions, to examine the educational interventions suggested for their management and to highlight the magnitude of the role of teachers, peers and parents. Moreover, it provides future directions for the improvement of school-based interventions along with suggestions for further research.
The Relationship Between Kinesiophobia and Early Functional and Physiological Outcomes in Patients with Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia levels and early function outcomes and psychological distress (anxiety and depression) after total hip and knee arthroplasty. Materials and Method: In this cross-sectional study, 86 patients with total hip (n=40) and knee (n=46) arthroplasty were included in the study. Pain was measured with Visual Analog Scale (VAS), functional outcomes were measured with 2-minute walk test (2-MWT) and the timed up and go test (TUG). The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) applied to all patients on the day of discharge after surgery. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) was used to assess the psychological distress (anxiety and depression). Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between kinesiophobia and the clinical outcomes. Results: The kinesiophobia levels were similar between total hip and knee arthroplasty patients. Pain levels (r=0.69, p<0.001), TUG (r=0.31, p=0.005), and 2-MWT (r=0.72, p<0.001) were correlated with the kinesiophobia levels. While there was a significant correlation between anxiety level (r=-0.58, p<0.001) and kinesiophobia, there was no correlation between depression level (p=0.454). conclusion: The presence of postoperative kinesiophobia is associated with early functional outcomes, pain levels and psychological distress in patients undergoing lower extremity arthroplasty.
Running Head: ADOLESCENT PERSONALITY AND UNEMPLOYMENT

Existing research on Big Five personality and unemployment has relied on personality measures elicited after the respondents had already spent years in the labor market, an experience which could change personality. We clarify the direction of influence by using the British Cohort Study (N = 4,206) to examine whether conscientiousness and other Big Five personality traits at age 16-17 predict unemployment over age 16-42. Our hypothesis that higher conscientiousness in adolescence would predict lower unemployment was supported. In analyses controlling for intelligence, gender, and parental socioeconomic status, the less conscientious (-1SD) had a predicted probability of unemployment twice as high (3.4% vs 1.7%) as the highly conscientious (+1SD), an effect size comparable to intelligence. Mediation analysis revealed that academic motivation and educational attainment explained only 8.9% of this association. Fostering conscientiousness in early-life may be an effective way to reduce unemployment throughout adulthood.
Global Disparity Compensation for Multi-view Video Coding

While single view video coding uses the temporal prediction scheme, multi-view video coding (MVC) applies both temporal and inter-view prediction schemes. Thus, the key problem of MVC is how to reduce the inter-view redundancy efficiently, because various existing video coding schemes have already provided solutions to reduce the temporal correlation. In this paper, we propose a global disparity compensation scheme which increases the inter-view correlation and a new inter-view prediction structure based on the global disparity compensation. By experiment, we demonstrate that the proposed global disparity compensation scheme is less sensitive to change of the search range. In addition, the new inter-view prediction structure achieved about 0.1~0.3㏈ quality improvement compared to the reference software.
Psychometric characteristics of the rowland universal dementia assessment scale amongst Iranian elderly

Dementia is a prevalent old age disease, which causes disabilities and cognitive impairment in people. Given the increasing elderly population in Iran, there is a need for appropriate cognitive impairment screening tools. This study was conducted to do validity and reliability of Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) in a group of elderly in Iran. This descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 110 elderly, selected by convenient sampling method. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Reliability was ensured with test-retest and Cronbach's alpha methods. Spearman correlation coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis were also used. According to results, reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha 0.91, split-half method, test-retest (with a twoweek interval). Appropriate convergence-divergence validity was obtained. Factor analysis indicated saturation of scale with one factor. Thus, it can be concluded that this scale has appropriate validity and reliability and a single-factor construct, which shows high inter-item correlation.
Performance of the Seven-step Procedure in Problem-based Hospitality Management Education

The study focuses on the seven-step procedure (SSP) in problem-based learning (PBL). The way students apply the seven-step procedure will help us understand how students work in a problem-based learning curriculum. So far, little is known about how students rate the performance and importance of the different steps, the amount of time they spend on each step and the perceived quality of execution of the procedure. A survey was administered to a sample of 101 students enrolled in a problem-based hospitality management program. Results show that students consider step 6 (Collect additional information outside the group) to be most important. The highest performance-rating is for step two (Define the problem) and the lowest for step four (Draw a systemic inventory of explanations from step three). Step seven is classified as low in performance and high in importance implicating urgent attention. The average amount of time spent on the seven steps is 133 minutes with the largest part of the time spent on self-study outside the group (42 minutes). The assessment of the execution of a set of specific guidelines (the Blue Card) did not completely match with the overall performance ratings for the seven steps. The SSP could be improved by reducing the number of steps and incorporating more attention to group dynamics.
Distance one lens space fillings and band surgery on the trefoil knot

We prove that if the lens space $L(n, 1)$ is obtained by a surgery along a knot in the lens space $L(3,1)$ that is distance one from the meridional slope, then $n$ is in $\{-6, \pm 1, \pm 2, 3, 4, 7\}$. This result yields a classification of the coherent and non-coherent band surgeries from the trefoil to $T(2, n)$ torus knots and links. The main result is proved by studying the behavior of the Heegaard Floer $d$-invariants under integral surgery along knots in $L(3,1)$. The classification of band surgeries between the trefoil and torus knots and links is motivated by local reconnection processes in nature, which are modeled as band surgeries. Of particular interest is the study of recombination on circular DNA molecules.