Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Topological spin memory of antiferromagnetically coupled skyrmion pairs in Co/Gd/Pt multilayers

Antiferromagnetically (AFM) coupled skyrmions offer potential advantages for spintronic devices, including reduced dipolar ﬁelds that may enable smaller skyrmion sizes and a reduction of the skyrmion Hall effect. However, the topological stability of AFM-coupled skyrmions subjected to dramatic spin deformation through low-temperature cycling has not been investigated. Here we report the discovery of a topological spin memory effect for AFM-coupled skyrmion pairs in [Co / Gd / Pt] 10 multilayered ﬁlms. Photoemission electron microscopy imaging shows that bubble skyrmions in the multilayer that are stable at room temperature evolve into complex in-plane spin textures as the temperature is lowered and reform completely when the sample is warmed back up. Simulations demonstrate that Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions play a key role in this spin memory effect, and furthermore reveal that the topological charge is preserved throughout the dramatic spin texture rearrangement and recovery. These results highlight a key aspect of topological protection—the preservation of the topological properties under continuous deformation—and also provide a promising avenue for information encryption and recovery.
Race categorization in noise

People are typically faster to categorize the race of a face if it belongs to a race different from their own. This Other Race Categorization Advantage (ORCA) is thought to reflect an enhanced sensitivity to the visual race signals of other race faces, leading to faster response times. The current study investigated this sensitivity in a cross-cultural sample of Swiss and Japanese observers with a race categorization task using faces that had been parametrically degraded of visual structure, with normalized luminance and contrast. While Swiss observers exhibited an increasingly strong ORCA in both reaction time and accuracy as the face images were visually degraded up to 20% structural coherence, the Japanese observers manifested this pattern most distinctly when the faces were fully structurally-intact. Critically, for both observer groups, there was a clear accuracy effect at the 20% structural coherence level, indicating that the enhanced sensitivity to other race visual signals persists in significantly degraded stimuli. These results suggest that different cultural groups may rely on and extract distinct types of visual race signals during categorization, which may depend on the available visual information. Nevertheless, heavily degraded stimuli specifically favor the perception of other race faces, indicating that the visual system is tuned by experience and is sensitive to the detection of unfamiliar signals.
On the Classical and Quantum Momentum Map

In this thesis we study the classical and quantum momentum maps and the theory of reduction. We focus on the notion of momentum map in Poisson geometry and we discuss the classification of the momentum map in this framework. Furthermore, we describe the so-called Poisson Reduction, a technique that allows us to reduce the dimension of a manifold in presence of symmetries implemented by Poisson actions.
Neoantigen vaccine and neoantigen‐specific cell adoptive transfer therapy in solid tumors: Challenges and future directions

Abstract The phenomenon of tumor hierarchy and genetic instability can be explained by the “two‐hits theory” and results in the occurrence of many somatic mutations. The expression of nonsynonymous mutations results in the production of mutant proteins from tumor cells, namely tumor‐specific antigens called neoantigens. Because neoantigens do not exist in healthy cells, they have the potential to stimulate antitumor immune responses by CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell activation without jeopardizing normal tissues. Immunotherapy has reshaped the cancer treatment paradigm in recent decades with the introduction of immune‐checkpoint blockade therapy and transgenic T‐cell receptor/chimeric antigen receptor T cells. However, these strategies performed poorly in solid tumors because of the obstacles of the immunosuppressive microenvironment caused by regulatory T cells and other suppressor cells. Therefore, other immunotherapeutic strategies are under development, such as personalized vaccines, to trigger de novo T‐cell responses against neoantigens and lead to the amplification of tumor‐specific T‐cell subclones. Neoantigen epitope prediction algorithms have enabled the detection of neoantigens and the creation of tailored neoantigen vaccines as a result of the fast development of next‐generation sequencing and cancer bioinformatics. Here we provide an overview of the current neoantigen cancer vaccines and adoptive T‐cell transfer therapy with neoantigen‐specific lymphocytes. We also discuss the challenges in developing neoantigen‐targeted immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer.
Multiobjective Optimization of Vehicle Handling and Stability Based on ADAMS

In order to improve the steering characteristics, roll characteristics, and lateral characteristics of heavy commercial vehicles, a multiobjective handling stability comprehensive score optimization model (MHSCS optimization model) was proposed in this study. In this study, the main factors affecting the steering characteristics, roll characteristics, and lateral characteristics are determined by combining the road test method and ADAMS software simulation analysis method. Based on the above road tests and ADAMS software simulation analysis, the MHSCS optimization model was proposed with “understeering degree,” “vehicle roll angle”, and “rearward amplification (RWA)” as evaluation indexes, and the response surface method combined with genetic algorithm was used to carry out multiobjective optimization of heavy commercial vehicle. ADAMS simulation results show that the comprehensive improvement degree of steering characteristics, roll characteristics, and lateral characteristics of a heavy commercial vehicle after optimization is 15.26%. Finally, the field road test results show that the scoring error between the comprehensive scoring optimization model and the real vehicle test was controlled at 0.4%, which proves the accuracy of the optimization model established in this study and effectively improves the handling stability of heavy commercial vehicles.
Nonlinear System Identification through Local Model Approaches: Partitioning Strategies and Parameter Estimation

In this chapter nonlinear system identification utilising Total Least Squares (TLS) and Generalised Total Least Squares (GTLS) methodologies in local model networks is addressed. These Neuro-Fuzzy networks are based on the identification of subdomains of the system that can reasonably accurately be described by local models. The aggregation of such subdomains in a so-called local model network then yields a versatile description of the overall system. One of the main challenges in the design of local model networks is the determination of the region of validity for the local models. Some of the related methodologies completely leave the partitioning to the user so that a solid idea about the nature of the nonlinearity of the system is required, cf. Johansen et al. (2000). Other methods make use of the input/output data of the system to identify suitable subdomains, Jakubek & Keuth (2006); Nelles (2002). The identification and partitioning algorithm presented in this contribution is based on an iterative decomposition that works in the partition space rather than in the inputor product space. Thereby, in each step an axis-oblique partitioning is performed by multi-objective optimisation using an Expectation-Maximisation (EM) algorithm, Hametner & Jakubek (2007). The discrimination between input space and partition space allows the incorporation of prior knowledge into the partitioning process and reduces the complexity of the optimisation problem dramatically. In contrast to conventional clustering algorithms the number of rules is determined during the training by adding new models to the hierarchical tree until no statistically significant improvement is achieved. The second important problem addressed in this work is the estimation of the local model parameters in the presence of noise in measured input and output data. In this situation conventional parameter estimation methods generally do not yield consistent estimates. Methods that are designed to cope with the case of noisy input and output channels are generally called "errors-in-variables methods", Soderstrom (2007). The corresponding block diagram is depicted in Fig. 1. Various approaches for the identification of linear systems in a complex noisy environment can be found in literature, e. g. Han et al. (1996); Vandersteen (1998). A well-suited estimation procedure when all inputs are subject to noise is the Total Least Squares method (TLS). This method has been studied in many different areas over the last 25 years, e. g. Golub & Loan (1980); Huffel & Zha (1991); Markovsky et al. (2005). The main drawback of TLS is that 9
Uranium Determination in Waters, Wine and Honey by Solid Phase Extraction with New Ion Imprinted Polymer

An analytical method for uranium determination in waters, wine and honey was developed based on solid phase extraction (SPE) with new ion imprinted polymer. The sorbent was synthesized using 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) as a ligand via dispersion polymerization and characterized by SEM for morphology and shape of polymer particles and nitrogen adsorption–desorption studies for their surface area and total pore volume. The kinetic experiments performed showed that the rate limiting step is the complexation between U(VI) ions and chelating ligand PAR incorporated in the polymer matrix. Investigations by Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models showed that sorption process occurs as a surface monolayer on homogeneous sites. The high extraction efficiency of synthesized sorbent toward U(VI) allows its application for SPE determination of U(VI) in wine and honey without preliminary sample digestion using ICP-OES as measurement method. The recoveries achieved varied: (i) between 88 to 95% for surface and ground waters, (ii) between 90–96% for 5% aqueous solution of honey, (iii) between 86–93% for different types of wine. The validity and versatility of proposed analytical methods were confirmed by parallel measurement of U in water samples using Alpha spectrometry and U analysis in wine and honey after sample digestion and ICP-MS measurement. The analytical procedure proposed for U determination in surface waters is characterized with low limits of detection/quantification and good reproducibility ensuring its application for routine control in national monitoring of surface waters. The application of proposed method for honey and wine samples analysis provides data for U content in traditional Bulgarian products.
Embedded implementation of missile-borne YOLOv5 algorithm based on Hi3559

In the process of intelligent munitions attacking military objects, fast and accurate object detection is the key to the success of combat missions. There is a contradiction between the requirement of fast detection and the limitation of power consumption in deploying object detection algorithms on intelligent munitions. To meet the operational requirements of high altitude intelligent missile, the HiSilicon Hi3559AV100 chip with low power consumption and small volume is used as the carrier. By pruning the model and optimizing the small object detection strategy in large images, the detection accuracy of small objects in large images is improved by 30 %, and the real-time detection speed fps is increased by about 10 frames.
A robot hand with free-rotating grips for switching three different grasping modes

ABSTRACT The automation of the display and disposal of products on shelves has attracted widespread attention because it is the most time-consuming task in convenience store operations. However, robots find it difficult to perform store operations because products vary in shapes and sizes and must be displayed in specific positions on narrow shelves. In this study, we developed a robot hand that can grasp various products and easily change its posture. The hand has two free rotating grips that allows the robot to change position between the following three grasping modes: (i) grasp mode: prevents the free rotation of an object, (ii) rotation mode: changes the posture of the object due to its weight, and (iii) scoop mode: allows the robot to grasp a flat object. A performance evaluation experiment was conducted using the robot hand. Subsequently, three results were obtained. First, the robot hand successfully grabbed a cork block, a rice ball, and a sandwich in the grasp and rotation mode, and the gripper behavior changed depending on the grasping mode. Second, the robot hand successfully grasped a lunch box in the scoop mode. Third, the robot hand switched from the grasp to the rotation mode while grasping the object. These results indicate that the hand can change its posture owing to gravity at any time. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Toward Event-Based State Estimation for Neuromorphic Event Cameras

In this article, a dynamic information extraction problem for neuromorphic event cameras is investigated from a state estimation perspective. The ego-motion pose estimation task of an event camera is formulated as a state estimation problem for a finite-state hidden Markov model subject to a special event-triggering mechanism. We model the threshold mismatch and the bandwidth limit of the event-camera output generalization process as a stochastic event-triggering condition equipped with a state-dependent packet dropout process. For this problem, the recursive expression of the system state conditioned on the event-triggered measurement information is constructed under a suitably designed reference probability measure, based on which the event-based minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimate for the considered estimation problem is further obtained. The effectiveness of proposed results is illustrated by numerical analysis and comparative evaluation of an ego-motion pose estimation example.
Dose–Response Effects of Bamboo Leaves on Rumen Methane Production, Fermentation Characteristics, and Microbial Abundance In Vitro

Simple Summary Due to economic, environmental, and nutritional considerations, mitigating enteric methane production from ruminants is an important issue. Nutritionists have recently shown that feeding livestock natural feed additives could ameliorate this problem, due to the antimicrobial activities of the biologically active components in the additives. Bamboo is widely distributed in Asia and is currently being used in construction and paper pulp production, which results in a significant amount of bamboo leaves as by-products. The present study investigated whether bamboo leaves feeding can decrease methane production in ruminants. Here we found that bamboo leaves supplementation in vitro caused a 12.7–34.2% reduction in methane production after 12 and 48 h. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the effect of bamboo leaves supplementation in vivo, to determine its potential for mitigating methane production from ruminants. Abstract Ruminants produce large amounts of methane as part of their normal digestive processes. Recently, feed additives were shown to inhibit the microorganisms that produce methane in the rumen, consequently reducing methane emissions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dose–response effect of Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis (PHN) and Sasa borealis supplementation on in vitro rumen fermentation, methane, and carbon dioxide production, and the microbial population. An in vitro batch culture system was used, incubated without bamboo leaves (control) or with bamboo leaves (0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 g/L). After 48 h, total gas, methane, and carbon dioxide production decreased linearly with an increasing dose of bamboo leaves supplementation. The total volatile fatty acid, acetate, and acetate-to-propionate ratio were affected quadratically with increasing doses of bamboo leaves supplementation. In addition, propionate decreased linearly. Butyrate was increased linearly with increasing doses of PHN supplementation. The absolute values of total bacteria and methanogenic archaea decreased linearly and quadratically with an increasing dose of PHN treatment after 48 h. These results show that bamboo leaves supplementation can reduce methane production by directly affecting methanogenic archaea, depressing the metabolism of methanogenic microbes, or transforming the composition of the methanogenic community. These results need to be validated using in vivo feeding trials before implementation.
Effects of Urea Removal on the Stable Isotopes δ13C and δ15N in Rays from the Coastal Waters of Peninsular Malaysia

Highlight Research This is the first stable isotopes study of rays from Malaysian waters Urea extraction significantly enriched the δ15N values (‰) Urea removal is obliged for stable isotope studies on rays Such methodological information is critical for marine research in the region Abstract This is the first reported record of stable isotope values for elasmobranch rays within Malaysian waters, and serves as an important baseline methodological information for future studies investigating stable isotope values in both shark and ray species in the region. This study examined the effects of urea removal on the stable isotopes values of δ13C and δ15N in muscle tissues sampled from several elasmobranch rays species, namely Pastinachus atrus, Rhinoptera javanica, Himantura gerrardi, Himantura uarnak and Aetobatus ocellatus. Individual ray species were collected in July and August of 2018, from the coastal waters of Terengganu State, Malaysia. Urea removal was performed by soaking muscle tissue samples in deionised water for at least 24 hours before being dehydrated. The resulting stable isotope values of these samples were compared to samples that did not undergo the urea removal process. Stable isotope values were individual and species-specific, however, the effect of urea removal was significant for δ15N values but did not significantly affect the δ13C values. We conclude that removing urea from elasmobranch samples before stable isotope analysis is advisable to draw correct conclusions about the animal’s diets.
A Molecular Mechanics Energy Partitioning Software for Biomolecular Systems

The partitioning of the molecular mechanics (MM) energy in calculations involving biomolecular systems is important to identify the source of major stabilizing interactions, e.g., in ligand–protein interactions, or to identify residues with considerable contributions in hybrid multiscale calculations, i.e., quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM). Here, we describe Energy Split, a software program to calculate MM energy partitioning considering the AMBER Hamiltonian and parameters. Energy Split includes a graphical interface plugin for VMD to facilitate the selection of atoms and molecules belonging to each part of the system. Energy Split is freely available at or can be easily installed through the VMD Store.
Spinal Lesions as Clinical Manifestations of Plasma Cell Neoplasia

(1) Background: Plasma cell neoplasia can be separated into independent subtypes including multiple myeloma (MM) and solitary plasmacytoma of the bone (SBP). The first clinical signs patients present with are skeletal pain, most commonly involving ribs and vertebrae. (2) Methods: Retrospective analysis of 114 patients (38 female, 76 male) receiving spinal surgery from March 2006 until April 2020. Neurological impairments and surgical instability were the criteria for intervention in this cohort. Analysis was based on demographic data, Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS), location of the lesion, spinal levels of tumor involvement, surgical treatment, histopathological workup, adjuvant therapy, functional outcome, and overall survival (OS). (3) Results: The following surgical procedures were performed: posterior stabilization only in 9 patients, posterior stabilization and decompression without vertebral body replacement in 56 patients, tumor debulking and decompression only in 8 patients, anterior approach in combined approach without vertebral body replacement and without biopsy and/or without kyphoplasty in 33 patients, 3 patients received biopsies only, and 5 patients received kyphoplasty only. The histopathology diagnoses were MM in 94 cases and SBP in 20 cases. Median OS was 72 months (53.4–90.6 months). Preoperative KPSS was 80% (range 40–100%), the postoperative KPSS was 80% (range 50–100%). (4) Conclusions: Surgery for patients with plasma cell neoplasia is beneficial in case of neurological impairment and spinal instability. Moreover, we were able to show that patients with MM and a low number of spinal levels to be supplied have a better prognosis as well as a younger age at the time of the surgical intervention.
Block-Matching Based Multifocus Image Fusion

A new multifocus image fusion method is proposed. Two image blocks are selected by sliding the window from the two source images at the same position, discrete cosine transform (DCT) is implemented, respectively, on these two blocks, and the alternating component (AC) energy of these blocks is then calculated to decide which is the well-focused one. In addition, block matching is used to determine a group of image blocks that are all similar to the well-focused reference block. Finally, all the blocks are returned to their original positions through weighted average. The weight is decided with the AC energy of the well-focused block. Experimental results demonstrate that, unlike other spatial methods, the proposed method effectively avoids block artifacts. The proposed method also significantly improves the objective evaluation results, which are obtained by some transform domain methods.
Antibacterial Activity of Carotenoid Pigments Produced by Heterotrophic Bacteria from Seawater in Krakal Coastal Area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Investigating natural pigments resulting from marine bacterial secondary metabolites is important because of their broad benefits in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries. In this study, 52 isolates of pigmented bacteria were isolated from seawater in the Krakal coastal area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Seven bacterial isolates showed high pigment stability. Profiling of pigment extracts using a mixture of acetone and methanol with UV–Vis spectrophotometric reading showed that the compounds produced were carotenoids. The highest total carotenoid content with UV–Vis spectrophotometric reading at 480 nm was produced by the Kral-3 isolate (1800 mg/g), followed by Kral-15 (1698.9 mg/g) and Kral-25 (797.2 mg/g) isolates. Analysis of the antibacterial activity of the carotenoid extracts of Kral-3, Kral-15, and Kral-25 isolates using the agar well diffusion method revealed a very strong inhibition score against Escherichia coli. In addition, the carotenoid extract of the Kral-3 isolate showed a strong inhibition score against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the Kral-15 and Kral-25 isolates showed moderate inhibition scores. Based on the 16S rRNA gene analysis, the Kral-3, Kral-15, and Kral-25 isolates were identified as Kocuria rhizophilla, Calidifontibacter sp. , and Rhodococcus ruber, respectively. Based on the findings, the novel bacterial strains are a potential bioresource for the commercial production of natural carotenoids.
The Lyapunov matrix equation. Matrix analysis from a computational perspective

Decay properties of the solution $X$ to the Lyapunov matrix equation $AX + X A^T = D$ are investigated. Their exploitation in the understanding of equation matrix properties, and in the development of new numerical solution strategies when $D$ is not low rank but possibly sparse is also briefly discussed.