Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Control of Thousand-Grain Weight by OsMADS56 in Rice

Grain weight and size are important traits determining grain yield and influencing grain quality in rice. In a previous study, a quantitative trait locus controlling thousand-grain weight (TGW) in rice, qTGW10-20.8, was mapped in a 70.7 kb region on chromosome 10. Validation of the candidate gene for qTGW10-20.8, OsMADS56 encoding a MADS-box transcription factor, was performed in this study. In a near-isogenic line (NIL) population segregated only at the OsMADS56 locus, NILs carrying the OsMADS56 allele of IRBB52 were 1.9% and 2.9% lower in TGW than NILs carrying the OsMADS56 allele of Teqing in 2018 and 2020, respectively. Using OsMADS56 knock-out mutants and overexpression transgenic plants, OsMADS56 was validated as the causal gene for qTGW10-20.8. Compared with the recipients, the TGW of the knock-out mutants was reduced by 6.0–15.0%. In these populations, decreased grain weight and size were associated with a reduction in the expression of OsMADS56. In transgenic populations of OsMADS56 driven by a strong constitutive promoter, grain weight and size of the positive plants were significantly higher than those of the negative plants. Haplotype analysis showed that the Teqing-type allele of OsMADS56 is the major type presented in cultivated rice and used in variety improvement. Cloning of OsMADS56 provides a new gene resource to improve grain weight and size through molecular design breeding.
Modeling and control of a boost converter for pseudo-resistive input behavior

In this paper we present the analysis and development of a boost-type switching converter for efficient power conversion from a source with an arbitrary voltage waveform containing multiple frequencies to a DC storage medium such as a battery. This type of energy transfer is of great interest in various green energy conversion technologies involving irregular sources of power such as wave and wind with time-varying amplitudes and frequencies. Motivated by these applications, a novel modeling and control scheme is developed for a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) boost converter. In particular, conditions under which the converter would act as a pseudo-resistor as seen by an arbitrary input voltage source are derived. Based on the pseudo-resistive relationship obtained between the input voltage and current a feedback controller is developed that regulates the converter input resistance to a desired value. The importance of this result is that power absorption can be controlled with unity power factor by controlling the input resistance of the converter for an arbitrary band-limited input voltage. Numerical simulations are presented that evaluate performance of the proposed modeling scheme and control system. (5 pages)
Optimization of parameters on material removal rate in micro-WEDG process

The micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) process has proved to be an appropriate nonconventional machining method for manufacturing accurate and complex three dimensional structural micro-parts and micro-tools which are difficult to be produced by conventional machining processes. The accuracy and the repeatability of the μEDM process are still highly dependent on the μWEDG process. In this work, an orthogonal array, signal to noise (S/N) ratio and Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA) are employed to analyze the effect of the micro-WEDG parameters such as feed rate, capacitance and voltage on MRR. This paper focuses on the Taguchi technique for the optimization in micro-WEDG process to achieve maximum metal removal rate (MRR) considering the feed rate, capacitance and voltage as the cutting parameters. Based on the experimental result and analysis it is concluded that medium feed rate, high value of capacitance and voltage such combination of optimized parameters gives high value of MRR (0.39mg/min). The experimental result shows that the most influential parameter on the MRR is feed rate, capacitance and voltage. Also from the verification experiment it is concluded that Taguchi technique is suitable to solve the above said problem.
Improving the Energy Cost of Incline Walking and Stair Ascent with Ankle Exoskeleton Assistance in Cerebral Palsy

Objective: Many individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) experience gait deficits resulting in metabolically-inefficient ambulation that is exacerbated by graded walking terrains. The primary goal of this study was to clinically-validate the accuracy and efficacy of adaptive ankle exoskeleton assistance during steady-state incline walking and stair ascent in individuals with CP. Exploratory goals were to assess safety and feasibility of using adaptive ankle exoskeleton assistance in real-world mixed-terrain settings. Methods: We used a novel battery-powered ankle exoskeleton to provide adaptive ankle plantar-flexor assistance during stance phase. Seven ambulatory individuals with CP completed the study. Results: Adaptive controller accuracy was 85% for incline walking and 81% for stair-stepping relative to the biological ankle moment. Assistance improved energy cost of steady-state incline walking by 14% (p = 0.004) and stair ascent by 21% (p = 0.001) compared to walking without the device. Assistance reduced the muscular demand for the soleus and vastus lateralis during both activities. All participants were able to safely complete the real-world mixed-terrain route, with adaptive ankle assistance resulting in improved outcomes compared to walking with the device providing zero-torque; no group-level differences were found compared to walking without the device, yet individuals with more impairment exhibited a marked improvement. Conclusion: Adaptive ankle exoskeleton assistance can improve the energy cost of steady-state incline walking and stair ascent in individuals with CP. Significance: As the first study to demonstrate safety and performance benefits of ankle assistance on graded terrains in CP, these findings encourage further investigation in free-living settings.
Minimizing optical overlay measurement errors

This paper is a continuation of our earlier work which investigated means of reducing Tool Induced Shift (TIS) in overlay tools. In this paper we show that there can be significant errors in the measurements from a tool that shows zero TIS. These errors arise from proximity effects within the measurement target. Improving the resolution of the instrument reduces these errors, although this is counter to the current trend of the industry. We present the results of detailed comparisons of two measurement objectives. These have the same magnification but different numerical aperture so that they differ in resolution and depth of field. We will show that the lowest measurement error are achieved by acquiring all images from a common focal plane, even when the target marks are displaced vertically by more than 2 micrometers . Both objectives perform equally well, although we had expected that increasing the depth of field would provide benefits. The data shows that increasing the resolution of the microscope will allow the high accuracy and precision required for the future to be achieved without sacrificing an ability to measure the deepest structures likely to be met in these processes.
“Por más que yo trabaje, trato de acomodar todo a mi hijo”: Usos de la visualización de líneas de tiempo para comprender desigualdades de género en la academia

Este artículo tiene por objetivo dar cuenta cómo, en términos metodológicos, las trayectorias de vida en su componente cualitativo entregan información valiosa aprovechada mediante el uso de la visualización de líneas de tiempo. En general estas han sido ampliamente utilizadas por estudios cuantitativos, y esta investigación se develará su utilidad en un proyecto cualitativo en la recolección de datos, análisis y posterior presentación. Esto, debido a que una de las características principales de la visualización de las líneas de tiempo es emplazar la información a escala humana, y así promover la plausibilidad de las comparaciones entre casos. Así este artículo espera mostrar la utilidad de la visualización de datos cualitativos a través de su ejemplificación en la comparación de cuatro líneas biográficas de académicos de una universidad chilena. Se utiliza una definición particular de trayectoria académica, a saber, la imbricación de aspectos laborales, familiares y de pareja que se desarrollan en el contexto de la academia. Con esta definición como punto de partida, se articularon estas líneas de tiempo con las biografías narrativas de los/as académicos/as. La utilización de colores, símbolos según el evento, y citas de las entrevistas en cada uno de los momentos en las líneas biográficas, permite dar cuenta que, en el caso de los hombres, la trayectoria laboral sigue una linealidad progresiva y distanciada de la trayectoria familiar. Al contrario, en el caso de las mujeres, su trayectoria laboral se ve puesta en evaluación y/o tensionada respecto de la trayectoria familiar. Así se concluye, que la visualización de las líneas de tiempo es una herramienta flexible pues puede actuar como una ayuda memoria a los/as entrevistados/as durante el trabajo de terreno. Además, permite dar cuenta de aspectos subjetivos para ser trabajados analíticamente, hacer comparaciones, y mostrar de una forma amable la información para diversas audiencias y grupos de investigación.
Automatic Tuning of PI Controllers for an Irrigation Canal Pool

This paper presents a method to automatically tune decentralized proportional integral (PI) controllers for an irrigation canal pool. The auto tune variation (ATV) method is based on a relay experiment, which generates small amplitude oscillations of the canal pool. The ATV procedure can be used to get the integrator delay model parameters of a canal pool, which in turn can be used to tune a PI controller using classic rules, or other rules such as the ones proposed by Litrico and Fromion. This method does not require advanced automatic control knowledge and is implemented in the SIC software developed by Cemagref, which also incorporates a supervisory control and data acquisition module for real-time control. The ATV method is evaluated by simulations and experiments on a real irrigation canal located in the South of France, for local upstream, local downstream, and distant downstream controller tuning.
Safety Leadership that Engages the Workforce to Create Sustainable HSE Performance

This paper focuses on what it takes to create sustainable HSE performance. It outlines the journey that an Oil & Gas Producer in Central Europe has taken to create a HSE Culture where health, safety and environment are an integral part of business. Since September 2004 this E&P company has been on a journey to change its HSE culture. This has required new understanding of what safety leadership actually is and the very powerful role that leadership has in engaging the workforce to create a HSE Culture which is committed to an injury free workplace. The results achieved in HSE performance improvement that are presented in this paper are well documented through KPIs over a 5 year period. The business case and the commercial sustainability of the Safety Leadership approach is clearly presented through multi-million dollar savings. The experience of this change in approach is that it is sustainable and readily implemented; however, the fundamental principles are not well understood by many E&P companies. Many E&P companies are continuing to invest heavily in a flawed approach.
Investigation of the Morphology and Electrical Properties of Graphene Used in the Development of Biosensors for Detection of Influenza Viruses

In this study, we discuss the mechanisms behind changes in the conductivity, low-frequency noise, and surface morphology of biosensor chips based on graphene films on SiC substrates during the main stages of the creation of biosensors for detecting influenza viruses. The formation of phenylamine groups and a change in graphene nano-arrangement during functionalization causes an increase in defectiveness and conductivity. Functionalization leads to the formation of large hexagonal honeycomb-like defects up to 500 nm, the concentration of which is affected by the number of bilayer or multilayer inclusions in graphene. The chips fabricated allowed us to detect the influenza viruses in a concentration range of 10−16 g/mL to 10−10 g/mL in PBS (phosphate buffered saline). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that these defects are responsible for the inhomogeneous aggregation of antibodies and influenza viruses over the functionalized graphene surface. Non-uniform aggregation is responsible for a weak non-linear logarithmic dependence of the biosensor response versus the virus concentration in PBS. This feature of graphene nano-arrangement affects the reliability of detection of extremely low virus concentrations at the early stages of disease.
Muscular Strength Training Modifies Regulation of Bone Remodeling: Inferences from Serum Biomarkers in Young Women

Biochemical markers of bone turnover allow inference of the events occurring at the bone tissue level and may detect changes in bone cell activity earlier than densitometric technologies. Serum concentrations of receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-beta ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin, and N-telopeptide (NTx) were measured in women aged 20 + 1.5 years (mean + SD) who underwent 32 weeks of unilateral isokinetic concentric or eccentric muscular strength training. Changes in serum biomarkers were compared with changes in arm and leg flexor and extensor muscle strength. Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the total forearm, total tibia, and total body also were assessed. The mean serum OPG concentration increased from 4.6 + 1.9 pmol/L to 5.2 + 2.1 pmol/L (↑14.9 %, mean + SD; p = 0.05, n = 20) following longterm isokinetic exercise training that also increased elbow extensor and knee flexor muscular strength (p < 0.05) and total forearm BMD (p = 0.04). The ratio of OPG/RANKL also increased over the course of the study (p = 0.045). Serum concentrations of other measured bone biomarkers did not change during training. Serum concentrations of OPG, a suppressor of osteoclastogenesis, increased with highload muscular strength training that led to local increases in muscle strength and BMD. These adaptations may represent an exercise-mediated suppression of osteoclast differentiation and activity. The central role of the RANKL-OPG cytokine system in the regulation of bone cell biology is well established. Further research is needed to confirm the efficacy of using serum OPG and RANKL as biomarkers of bone cell metabolism in healthy populations undergoing long-term exercise interventions.
A Method to Determine the Optimal Water Injection Intensity Based on Oil Production Rate and Water Cut

Water injection is one of the important ways to maintain reservoir pressure and improving the oilfield development effect. And separate zone water injection is the main technology in water flooding oilfield. The optimal water intensity which has been allocated plays an important role in all kinds of reservoir. This paper proposed a method to optimize the water injection intensity based on oil production rate and water cut. Conceptual model was constructed on the basis of real reservoir. By numerical simulation, a chart board was derived which describes the relationship of water injection intensity versus oil production rate and water cut. Using this chart, we can determine the optimal water injection intensity on different oil production rate and water cut.
Linewidth compression and measurement in BBO crystal optical parametric generation and amplifier

In this paper, we present a detailed computer simulation of the linewidth in optical parametric generator and amplifier caused by the divergence angle of pumping, linewidth of pumping beam, off axis phase matching, high gain coefficient of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal. It is shown that the linewidth of parametric light is very narrow far away from the degeneracy point, and the linewidth begins to large quickly at the degeneracy point. And the off axis pumping and the divergence angle of pumping beam influenced the signal linewidth more quickly than those of other factors did. The signal linewidth to control less than 0.3nm in experiments are obtained.
QoS Prediction of Web Services Based on a Two-Level Heterogeneous Graph Attention Network

Quality of Service (QoS) prediction for Web services is a hot research topic in the field of services computing. Recently, representation learning of heterogeneous networks has attracted much attention, and specifically the relationship between users and services, as a typical heterogeneous network in which heterogeneity and rich semantic information provide a new perspective for QoS prediction. This paper proposes a novel QoS Prediction scheme based on a heterogeneous graph attention network. Our method first unitizes the user’s location information to construct an attributed user-service network. Then, considering the difference between nodes and links in the latter network, we model a heterogeneous graph neural network based on a hierarchical attention machine (HGN2HIA) that includes node- and semantic-level attentions. Specifically, node-level attention aims to learn the importance between a node and its meta-path-based neighbors, while semantic-level attention learns the importance of different meta-paths. Finally, user embedding will be generated by aggregating features from meta-path-based neighbors in a hierarchical manner, used for QoS prediction. Experimental results on the public WS-Dream dataset demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed model over the current state-of-the-art methods, with NMAE and RMSE metrics reduced by at least 2.56% and 1.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the experimental results highlight that node-level attention contributes more than semantic-level. Overall, we demonstrate that introducing these attention levels improves the QoS prediction performance.
Study of optical feedback effects in an extremely short external cavity configuration

We present an experimental and theoretical study of optical feedback in a semiconductor laser for the case of an extremely short external cavity (EC) configuration. When the length of the EC is changed both the output power and the voltage drop onto the laser are modulated with a period of half of the solitary laser wavelength. We also perform modulation experiments in which the EC length is modulated with amplitude corresponding to the half of the solitary laser wavelength and with different signal shapes. In this way we prove that by using optical feedback we are able to detect very small features. Such detection is of general interest from an application point of view, e.g. for optical data readouts, resulting in a reduced number of optical components. Optical feedback also affects the frequency of the laser light and results in a longitudinal mode hopping. With increasing the EC length we observe mode hops between neighboring solitary laser modes followed by large jumps at the EC frequency splitting. These large EC mode hops can be exploited for broad band frequency tuning of the emitted light. We also study the dependence of the amplitude and the period of the EC mode hops on the EC length. We reveal the existence of a cut-off EC length of a few micrometers for which the amplitude of the EC mode hops reaches a maximum and then strongly decreases. We give a theoretical explanation of our experimental findings based on Fabry-Perot resonant condition for coupled cavities.
Performance, Loads and Stability of Heavy Lift Tiltrotors

Summaries of rotor performance are presented for a 124,000-lb Large Civil Tilt Rotor (LCTR) design, along with isolated-rotor and fully-coupled wing/rotor aeroelastic stability. A major motivation of the present research is the effect of size on rotor dynamics. Simply scaling up existing rotor designs to the vehicle size under study would result in unacceptable rotor weight. The LCTR was the most promising of several large rotorcraft concepts produced by the NASA Heavy Lift Rotorcraft Systems Investigation. It was designed to carry 120 passengers for 1200 nm, with performance of 350 knots at 30,000 ft altitude. Design features included a low-mounted wing and hingeless rotors, with a very low cruise tip speed of 350 ft/sec. The LCTR was sized by the RC code developed by the U. S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate. The rotor was then optimized using the CAMRAD II comprehensive analysis code. The blade and wing structures were designed by Pennsylvania State University to meet the rotor loads calculated by CAMRAD II and wing loads required for certification. Aeroelastic stability was confirmed by further CAMRAD II analysis, based on the optimized rotor and wing designs. Notation A rotor disk area CT rotor thrust coefficient, T/(� AV 2 tip) D/q airframe drag/dynamic pressure t/c thickness to chord ratio T rotor thrust Vtip rotor tip speed W gross weight ￻ air density ￻ rotor solidity (ratio blade area to disk area)
Complex Substructures And Their Impact On Rotordynamics

In rotordynamic analyses, substructures are usually represented by lumped mass systems (single-degree-offreedom, SDOF). This representation is easy to implement using standard rotordynamic tools. However, in reality the dynamic behaviour of the substructure (e.g. pedestals, casings, foundations) can be much more complex. Only a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) representation provides modelling close to reality. Typical substructures consist of several components which are designed, assessed and modelled by the individual departments and/or disciplines. For many applications the dynamic behaviour of the substructure significantly influences the rotordynamic characteristics of the shaft train and therefore needs to be included in the assessment. Numerous theoretical approaches exist for considering the complex behaviour of the substructure, all coming along with drawbacks and opportunities. The paper particularly discusses an advanced theoretical approach based on a state space representation using modal parameters. A case study of a real shaft train is shown, including a comparison of achieved results using the SDOF and the MDOF approach.
Physical activity program using active video games with sedentary adolescents

Objective: the aim of our study was to assess the effect of a physical activity that uses active video games in body composition, physical fitness, cardiovascular and biochemical parameters with sedentary adolescents. Methods: a non-controlled clinical trial design with a convenience sample of adolescents, separately, from ages ten to 17, of both genders. The intervention protocol consisted of physical activity with active video games (AVG), lasting two months, in 24 sessions, evolving into three levels (basic, intermediate and advanced) according to the maximum heart rate of the individuals. The adolescents’ body composition, physical fitness, cardiovascular and biochemical parameters were assessed. Data analysis was performed with a 95% confidence interval. Results: among the 14 adolescents that completed the physical training, we observed a improvement of muscle resistance (Δ= 8.26; p= 0.02) and decrease in post-exercise heart rate and systolic blood pressure (p< 0.01). However, were found a non-significant decrease in body fat percentage (Δ= -3.83; p= 0.24) and strength (Δ= 4.26; p= 0.57). A high level of satisfaction with the proposed activity was identified. Conclusion: a physical activity program based on AVG can reduce cardiovascular risk factors and improve muscle resistance in sedentary adolescents.