Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Rock Egg Production Curves Using Generalized Growth Functions

Abstract As increasing terms, three generalized growth curves (Nelder, Richards, and 4-parameter von Bertalanffy) were combined in factorial designs with three decreasing terms (subtracted linear, multiplied or corrected linear, and e−bt or multiplied curvilinear) for modeling flock egg production as a function of time. Two versions of the logistic curve, a special case of the generalized curves, were also combined with the decreasing terms to produce egg-production models. The Marquardt method of the NLIN (nonlinear) procedure of SAS (SAS Institute, 1982) was used to fit models to production data up to 20 or 24 wk of production in 12 first-cycle flocks selected for having ideal egg-production curves. All models were fitted successfully with a mean R2 value of . 99. When the fits were extrapolated to predict future egg production and were compared with actual egg production, the Nelder increasing term and the linear decreasing term performed well. None of the models predicted significantly better, however, than either the Adams-Bell model or a simple linear regression from peak production to 20 or 24 wk of production. Errors of prediction in the better models were in the range of 1.5 to 3.0%.
Human Activity Recognition in Videos Based on a Two Levels K-means and Hierarchical Codebooks

uman activity recognition is a challenging field in image processing during recent years. Moreover, based on the fast growing the number of videos and multimedia data, there is an enormous demand for an accurate, fast algorithm that analyze, understand and clustered the contents of these data. The speed and accuracy of these methods are so important. Another problem is the large data stored in each video that increase processing, waste time and memory. In This paper a simple novel method for action recognition and video matching based on a clustered codebook model of video frames is presented. Firstly some videos from a single action are analyzed and features related to every frame are extracted. At second step, extracted features of videos are clustered by K-means algorithm and five clusters for each video are made. This step used for decreasing process time and memory needed for saving results. Finally for a single action these clusters merge together and formed a bag of video words (BOV) representation for this action. The proposed method was applied to KTH video dataset for action recognition and the results showed flexibility and correctness of the proposed method in comparison to other methods.
Mitochondrial NDP kinase from Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta)

A cDNA (DtNDK1) encoding a nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase with a putative mitochondrial targeting signal sequence was previously isolated from the halo‐tolerant green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta. When expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the processed DtNDK1 enzyme was specifically localized to mitochondria. The present study reports several biochemical characteristics of the mitochondrial NDP kinase from D. tertiolecta. The mature protein was expressed as either N‐ or C‐terminal hexahistidine‐tagged protein and purified to homogeneity by affinity chromato‐graphy. Native gel electrophoresis and sedimentation velocity in sucrose density gradients showed that the active enzyme consisted of a hexamer. The enzyme, with a pH optimum of 7, showed the highest specificity to dCDP (Km= 50 μmol/L) and the highest turnover towards the synthesis of UTP (up to 140‐fold higher). The present study also provides evidence that purified DtNDK1 proteins are capable of transferring a phosphate group to another protein.
Estrogen Receptor β Activates the Human Retinoic Acid Receptorα -1 Promoter in Response to Tamoxifen and Other Estrogen Receptor Antagonists, but Not in Response to Estrogen

Human estrogen receptor-α (hERα) or -β (hERβ) transfected into Hep G2 or COS1 cells each responded to estrogen to increase transcription from an estrogen-responsive element (ERE)-driven reporter vector with similar fold induction through a classical mechanism involving direct receptor binding to DNA. ER antagonists inhibited this estrogen induction through both hERα and hERβ, although raloxifene was more potent through ERα than ERβ, and tamoxifen was more potent via ERβ than ERα. We have shown previously that estrogen stimulated the human retinoic acid receptor-α-1 (hRARα-1) promoter through nonclassical EREs by a mechanism that was ERα dependent, but that did not involve direct receptor binding to DNA. We show here that in contrast to hERα, hERβ did not induce reporter activity driven by the hRARα-1 promoter in the presence of estrogen. While hERβ did not confer estrogen responsiveness on this promoter, it did elicit transcriptional activation in the presence of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH-Tam). Additionall.
Optimum design of tilting bogie frame in consideration of fatigue strength and weight

This paper addresses the use of finite-element (FE) analysis to calculate the fatigue strength of a bogie frame, for the development of tilting trains in Korea. A multi-body dynamic analysis was performed to extract the load condition by tilting on curves. Using the results of the multi-body dynamic analysis and the load scenario setout in the UIC standard, FE analysis was performed to obtain the stress distribution and to calculate the fatigue strength. An attempt was made to minimize the weight of the bogie frame using a back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN). The results of this study reveal that the stresses at some nodes are near the fatigue limit in the Goodman diagram and by using back-propagation ANN, the weight of the bogie frame could be reduced by 4.7%.
Use of Landscape Perception Methods in Tourism Studies: A Review of Photo-Based Research Approaches

Abstract This article provides a review of photo-based landscape perception research approaches that can be used for assessment of tourists' visual landscape perceptions. The paper contributes to academic research by presenting and reviewing photo-based methods previously used in landscape perception and preference enquiries, in relation to their aptness in on-site tourism studies. The paper is concerned particularly with approaches relevant to advancing theory, allowing respondents to make their own classifications rather than relying only on constructs provided by the researchers. The focus here is on the fieldwork and its preparations, not on techniques for analysing the data collected.
Echocardiographic transmitral inflow ascending arm shows two slopes in health and heart failure: a novel phenomenon

Few studies have focused on the ascending arm of the transmitral valve inflow Doppler E wave signal (EWAA), measured in standard echocardiographic examinations. After measuring the slopes, frequencies of 1and 2-slope EWAA were calculated for 3 study groups, including the healthy controls (HC), subjects with risk factors for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF-RF), and patients with HFPEF. Investigators were blinded to the association between the study group and echocardiographic examinations. The study groups, HC, HFPEF-RF, and HFPEF, included 57, 60, and 66 subjects, respectively. There were 166, 161, and 199 E waves available for analysis in HC, HFPEF-RF, and HFPEF groups, respectively. Prevalence levels of the 2-slope EWAA in HC, HFPEF-RF, and HFPEF groups were 38%, 39%, and 46%, respectively (P<0.22). When 2-slope EWAA was detected, the value of the early slope was 34-50% greater than that measured when a single slope was detected (P<0.001). Results suggest that the 2-slope EWAA phenomenon is common and may be related to forces driving blood from the left atrium to left ventricle. Mechanisms underlying the 2-slope EWAA phenomenon, however, have yet to be revealed.
The phylogenetic relationships of the graptolites Tetragraptus phyllograptoides and Pseudophyllograptus cor

Abstract Re-examination of the type material of Tetragraptus phyllograptoides Strandmark and Pseudophyllograptus cor (Strandmark) confirms their unusual morphology and is consistent with the view that they represent morphologic intermediates between reclined Tetragraptus and Pseudophyllograptus. Their phylogenetic relationships are discussed and it is suggested that the ‘phyllograptoid’ rhabdosome (i.e. with four scandent stipes) has been independently derived in at least three separate lineages, those leading to Phyllograptus s.s. , early Arenig Pseudophyllograptus and Pseudophyllograptus cor.
A Layered Approach towards Securing Cloud against DDoS Attack

-Today cloud is the most attractive place for the researchers. Everyone is trying hard to make cloud as secure service so as to confirm to CIA triad. Among various issues the security issue is of the huge importance. This study focuses on the security aspects of cloud computing so the vendors of cloud can provide security guaranteed storage service. The study focuses on availability, confidentiality and authentication procedures. Availability factor is most frequently targeted in clouds. Cloud is vulnerable to DDoS attack, hence the availability of the services are reduced. This study stresses upon the encryption and managing encryption keys by using any famous algorithm or by designing an improved one. Managing cloud data is one of the major challenges in cloud. Most of the Organizations consider security as their primary need for any web service. All sensitive information must be properly located in cloud environment.
Flight distance and population trends in European breeding birds

Flight distance reflects the risk that individual animals are willing to take when approached by a potential predator, as shown by a negative relationship between susceptibility to predation and flight distance. Species with long flight distances should more often suffer from disruption of their activities by potential predators, including humans, than species with short distances, resulting in declining reproductive success and hence declining population size of such species if disturbance happens more often. Long flight distances thus suggest that individuals need large amounts of space for their body size, resulting in the prediction that species with long flight distances should have a higher frequency of declining populations than species with short flight distances, when human impact on natural habitats increases. Bird species with long flight distances had declining population trends across Europe in a comparative study of 56 species, even when controlling statistically for other factors associated with population declines, with effect sizes ranging from 0.36 to 0.58 (Pearson's r). These findings suggest that standardized measures of flight distance provide reliable information about the population consequences of risk-taking behavior by individuals and the susceptibility of different species to increased levels of disturbance. Copyright 2008, Oxford University Press.
REAL TIME DROWSINESS DETECTION

A large number of traffic accidents occur worldwide every year that claim the lives of millions of people. A prodigious number of these accidents leave people with astringent injuries such as cut arms, lost legs, spine imjuries, brain damage etc which are no less than a fatality. Not only does it claim lives but in many cases it leads to loss of property.Statistics claim that a vast amount of these accidents are caused on pert of the drivers and one of the leading causes is the driver drowsiness. To tackle this problem virtuoso have proposed many techniques and methods that encapsulate a number of fields of studies of science among which one prominent and promising technique is that of computer vision in amalgamation with one of the assuring technique of artificial intelligence called machine learning.
Correcting for variation in catchability: maturity-related catchability variation in Icelandic cod

A simple model relating catchability to maturity is presented, which allows for computation of annual age-specific correction factors for groundfish survey indices. The model is based on the hypothesis that mature fish are less catchable than immature fish during the spawning season and are therefore less available to groundfish surveys carried out during that period. The effect modelled is an interaction effect - its operation requires both a change in catchability at maturity and temporal changes in maturity at age in the stock. In recent years, assessments of the Icelandic cod stock have relied on VPAs calibrated (tuned) with bottom trawl c.p.u.e. data. The c.p.u.e. data are from the commercial trawler fleet and from the Marine Research Institute's annual groundfish survey conducted in March, covering the entire distribution area of the stock around Iceland. At the time of the survey, most of the year's spawners have migrated towards the spawning grounds. Independent data from commercial catches indicate that the proportions of fish mature at age in the Icelandic cod stock have increased substantially in recent years. Furthermore, comparison of proportions mature in the catches with survey indices for mature and immature fish indicate that immature fish are substantially more catchable than mature fish of the same age. The effects of changes in proportion mature on estimated stock numbers are discussed with reference to limitations in the available data.
Improved identification of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola at the molecular level

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology was used to identify Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola at the DNA level. Oligonucleotide primers were designed on the basis of the DNA sequence of the phaseolotoxin gene cluster of P. s. phaseolicola. Identification of the pathogen was significantly improved and appearance of unspecific bands was greatly diminished by experimentally selecting the most suitable annealing temperature (Tm) value. We obtained a single, strong DNA band of 1.4 kb length, specific for the identification of P. s. phaseolicola, using a PCR programme based on a Tm value of 80 °C.
Graph Based Brain Network Structure and Brain Mri Segmentation Techniques

Graph based representation of medical images is very challenging task due to complexity of various images taken using different techniques like MRI, Ultrasound, CT scan and PET scan. Graph theory provides simplified notations and tools in order to representation Brain network structure. The brain network structure helps to analyze and detect brain tumor because it is structurally and functionally organized complex system. Brain network structure and functional analysis using graph based techniques have been successfully used in various types images and medical data analysis. Simplified representation of brain structure plays a crucial role in analysis and detection of brain related diseases. Because various kinds brain tumor types allows to have different images and brain tumor analysis is one of the most significant challenges. This paper also represents graph theory based brain tumor detection and classification steps using hybrid Fuzzy C-Means technique. Segmentation error may increase due to presence of noise, intensity variations, interclass values in manual segmentation. To avoid this, use automatic segmentation which gives better results for clinical analysis of MRI images. In this paper different types brain tumors, Graph based analysis of complex Brain Structure, various brain tumor segmentation and detection techniques using MRI and its merits and demerits are surveyed and summarized. We also discussed future research directions in analysis of MR Images and some challenging issues of brain tumor evolving in medical research field.
Export-led growth: a survey of the empirical literature and some non-causality results. Part 2

This paper continues the investigation of Giles and Williams (2000) on export-led growth (ELG). In the first part, we surveyed the empirical export-led growth literature; it was evident that Granger non-causality tests are commonly applied as a test for ELG. In this paper, we explore the sensitivity of the test for exclusions restrictions often used as the Granger non-causality test for ELG by reconsidering two applications: Oxley's (1993) study for Portugal and Henriques and Sadorsky's (1996) analysis for Canada. We focus on the robustness of the method adopted to deal with non-stationarity, including the choice of deterministic trend degree. We show that different noncausality outcomes are easy to obtain, and consequently we recommend that readers interpret the empirical ELG literature with care. Our analysis also highlights the importance of examining the robustness of Granger non-causality test results to avoid spurious outcomes in applications.
Floral scent in a whole‐plant context: moving beyond pollinator attraction

The natural world is awash with odours – blends of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) – whose chemical structures and composition convey information to organisms endowed with the sensory capacity to perceive them. Pheromones and other chemical signals provide specific information that facilitates kin recognition, mate acquisition, social interactions and defence across the tree of life (Meinwald & Eisner 2008). Even more general volatile cues, such as CO2, convey context-dependent information about habitat and host or food quality, illness and microbial decay (Guerenstein & Hildebrand 2007). The terrestrial fossil record teems with evidence of chemical communication and warfare, in the form of animal olfactory appendages (Strausfeld & Hildebrand 1999; Labandeira 2002) and plant essential oil glands (Fahn 2002; Krings, Taylor & Kellogg 2002). This evidence, combined with our knowledge of cycads, water lilies and other ‘living fossils’ (Thien, Azuma & Kawano 2000; Terry et al. 2007), attests to the antiquity of volatile communication between plants, their mutualists and antagonists.
Real‐time image parameterization in high energy gamma‐ray astronomy using transputers.

Recently, significant advances in Very‐High‐Energy gamma‐ray astronomy have been made by parameterization of the Cherenkov images arising from gamma‐ray initiated showers in the Earth’s atmosphere. A prototype system to evaluate the use of Transputers as a parallel‐processing elements for real‐time analysis of data from a Cherenkov imaging camera is described in this paper. The operation of and benefits resulting from such a system are described, and the viability of an applicaiton of the prototype system is discussed.
An Analogy of a Network to an Electro Hydrodynamic Fluid Flow to Analyze the Energy Required for Transmitting a Packet in a Network Susceptible to Multiple Failures

Computer networks have become pervasive to human life and now, people are inseparable from connectivity. The world’s networking communities have been constantly raising the bar of standards to provide the best possible service to their users. Every packet drop is treated as a blunder and a game ender by the companies. Standards lead to organizations that govern the service rules and policies, penalize the companies heavily if packets are lost, connections are severed midconversation. This makes the companies spare no expense into developing smarter and faster rerouting methods, packet retransmission protocols. The observation of these systems leads to believe that the system is modeled after an electro hydro dynamic fluid flow through a charged medium. In this paper the analogy and the analysis of the energy spent for rerouting packets in case of node failure, is presented in its complete mathematical form.
The Dynamics of a Railway Freight Wagon Wheelset With Dry Friction Damping

Summary We investigate the dynamics of a simple model of a wheelset that supports one end of a railway freight wagon by springs with linear characteristics and dry friction dampers. The wagon runs on an ideal, straight and level track with constant speed. The lateral dynamics in dependence on the speed is examined. We have included stick-slip and hysteresis in our model of the dry friction and assume that Coulomb's law holds during the slip phase. It is found that the action of dry friction completely changes the bifurcation diagram, and that the longitudinal component of the dry friction damping forces destabilizes the wagon.
An ethogram for the small scincid lizard Lampropholis guichenoti

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Chronicles

Recorded in Havana in June 2009, this conversation addresses a series of works by the Cuban artist Manuel Piña. Moving between Piña's recent video work, his earlier photographic practices and the tradition of photojournalism in Cuba, we investigate the continued and dynamic intersection between documentary work and revolutionary politics. This conversation reminds us that debates about the ‘end of Communism’ and the rise of the global art market must also contend with art production still confronting the realities of a socialist revolution.
Physiological and Yield Responses of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Exposed to Elevated CO2 Concentrations in a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE)

SUMMARY Plants of Vitis vinifera (cv. Sangiovese) were submitted to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations in the field, using a FACE array; the experiment took place in a vineyard in Central Italy, throughout two growth seasons. The effects of fumigation on productivity, product quality and plant water relations were evaluated. Both vegetative growth and yield were increased, while no differences were evidenced in plant phenology. A significant decrease in stomatal conductance did not result in marked differences in leaf water potential, while osmotic adjustment induced by elevated CO2 in leaves was evident at the final stage of the growing season, but such an observation was year dependent.
Plant Disease Identification uses Deep Learning Methods

: The Farmers in the agriculture sector facing a difficult task in identification of plant diseases. Depending on the humannakedeyeitisdifficulttoclassifyplantdiseasesbecauseit changes the control policy of one disease to another. Finding of disease effect leaf and healthy leaf is a tricky task. It requires knowledge in the plant diseases and technology for processingthe input images. In this scenario Image processing uses a Deep Learning method like Convoulation Neural Network (CNN) for predicting the disease affected leaf or not. In this paper CNN is compared with some machine learning, classification methods like K-nearest neighbor (KNN) , Decision tree, Random Forest, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA),support vector machine (SVM) and LogisticRegession.