Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasma concentrations of individual tea catechins after a single oral dose in humans

1. Ten healthy volunteers ingested 1.5 mmole epicatechin gallate (ECg), epigallocatechin (EGC) or epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) in a randomized crossover design. After deconjugation, catechins in plasma and 24-h urine samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity was measured in plasma by determining ferric reducing activity (FRAP). 2. The catechin levels in plasma after ingestion were significantly different: EGC rose quickly with a short elimination half-life (t 1/2 elim = 1.7 h), ECg was intermediate in rise but slowest in decline (t 1/2 elim = 6.9h), EGCg was slowest in rise but intermediate in decline (t 1/2 elim = 3.9 h). At 24 h, EGC and EGCg had returned to base levels, but ECg was still elevated. Peak maximum varied between 1.3 (EGCg) and 5.0 µmol l -1 (EGC). 3. Very limited interconversion (ECg → epicatechin, EGCg → EGC) occurred indicating that degallation is not required for uptake. 4. Up to 13.6% of the ingested EGC (partly methylated) was excreted in the urine, but ECg or EGCg were not detected. 5. EGC and ECg produced an increase in antioxidant activity in plasma, but with EGCg, no statistically significant effect was found. 6. The pattern of uric acid in plasma showed a clear resemblance with that of FRAP and linear regression analysis indicated a very significant relationship (R 2 = 0.88, p < 0.0001). 7. It is concluded that tea catechins differ significantly in their pharmacokinetic behaviour.
A Novel K Nearest Neighbors Classifier Based on Nonparametric Separability

A k-nearest-neighbor classification expects the class conditional probabilities to be locally constant. In this paper, we use the separability of NWFE to establish an effective metric for computing a new neighborhood. The modified neighborhood shrinks in the direction with high separability and extends further in the other direction. This new neighborhood can often provide improvement in classification performance. Therefore, any neighborhood-based classifier can be employed by using the modified neighborhood. Then the class conditional probabilities tend to be more homogeneous in the modified neighborhood.
Closed-loop balancing for a class of non-linear singularly perturbed systems

The aim of this article is to investigate the closed-loop balancing reduction method for a class of non-linear singularly perturbed systems. We show that the well-known two-stage strategy involved commonly within the singular perturbation theory can be used to derive an approximate closed-loop balancing. The proposed two-stage method avoids the difficult task of solving high dimensional and ill conditioned non-linear Hamilton–Jacobi equation due to the presence of the small perturbation parameter.
Routing metrics design for multihop wireless networks

The design of a routing protocol must be based on the characteristics of its target networks. The diversity of wireless networks motivate the design of different routing metrics, capturing different aspects of wireless communications. The design of routing metrics, however, is not arbitrary since it has a great impact on the proper operation of routing protocols. Combining a wrong type of routing metrics with a routing protocol may result in routing loops and suboptimal paths. In this paper, we thoroughly study the relationship between routing metrics and routing protocols. Our work provides several guidelines for designing routing metrcs and identify the specific properties that a routing metric must have in order to be combined with certain type of routing protocols.
Effectiveness of blue-filtering in WLED based indoor Visible light communication

Visible light communications typically uses a white LED as a data source. Most white LEDs use a slow yellow phosphor combined with a blue LED that has a faster response. An optical filter is often used to remove the slow yellow light before detection. However the need for, and effectiveness of, blue filtering is highly dependent on practical factors such as illumination level, optics gain, and receiver noise characteristics. In this paper, we model a simple indoor Visible light communication environment, and then investigate the effect of blue filtering, and how an optimum blue filter might be chosen.
Sperm Motility-Initiating Activity in the Egg Jelly of the Externally-Fertilizing Urodele Amphibian, Hynobius lichenatus

Low osmolality initiates sperm motility during the external fertilization of aquatic anuran amphibians. It is thought that this process occurs also in urodeles, but this has not been fully examined in these species. We report here that fertilization was achieved in the externally fertilizing hynobiid, Hynobius lichenatus, by direct insemination onto the egg jelly surface without initial exposure of the sperm to a hypoosmotic solution. To identify the factors in addition to low osmolality that initiate sperm motility in Hynobius, we suspended the sperm of this amphibian in egg jelly extract (JE), and about 90% began to move within 1 min. This indicated the presence of a substance in JE that promotes motility initiation, as is also the case in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster. To examine whether this JE factor is homologous to the sperm motility-initiating substance (SMIS) in the newt, we tested for possible inter-sepcies cross-reactivity of the JE. The percentage of moving Cynops sperm was increased to 67% in Hynobius JE at 5 min, and 65% of the Hynobius sperm began to move in Cynops JE within 1 min, indicating that JE is indeed cross-reactive between these species of salamander and newt. Concomitantly, pretreatment of Hynobius JE with Fab fragments of a Cynops SMIS monoclonal antibody resulted in a decreased number of moving Hynobius sperm. Immunoblotting further suggested that the substance in Hynobius JE responsible for motility initiation has an 18 kDa molecular mass, with an isoelectric point at 7.5.
Iron status markers in 224 indigenous Greenlanders: influence of age, residence and traditional foods

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate iron status in indigenous Greenlanders and its relationship to gender, age and intake of traditional Greenlandic foods. Methods: Serum ferritin, serum transferrin saturation and haemoglobin were evaluated in a population survey in 1993–1994 comprising 224 Greenlandic individuals (109 men) aged 19–82 yr. The participants were residents in the capital Nuuk (n=73) with a predominantly Western style of living, the town Ilulissat (n=60) with a mixture of Western and Greenlandic style of living, and the small town Uummannaq (n=91) with a predominantly Greenlandic style of living. Consumption of traditional foods was assessed by questionnaire. Results: Intake of traditional foods was more prevalent among elderly than among young individuals and more frequent in Uummannaq than in Ilulissat and Nuuk. Ferritin levels were higher in men than in women (p<0.0001). Median ferritin levels were lowest in Nuuk (men, 92 µg/L; women, 40 µg/L), higher in Ilulissat (men, 104 µg/L; women, 69 µg/L) and in Uummannaq (men, 118 µg/L; women, 46 µg/L) (p<0.001). The prevalence of iron load (ferritin >200 µg/L) was lowest in Nuuk (men: 13.8%, women: 2.3%) intermediate in Ilulissat (men, 11.1%; women, 9.1%) and highest in Uummannaq (men, 32.1%; women, 21.1%). The prevalence of iron depletion (ferritin <16 µg/L) was high in Nuuk (men, 0%; women, 20.5%), and lower in Ilulissat (men, 3.7%; women, 6.1%) and in Uummannaq (men, 0%; women, 10.5%). The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (ferritin <13 µg/L and Hb <5th percentile for iron‐replete men and women) was 0.92% in men and 0.87% in women. Correlations between age and ferritin were lowest in Nuuk (men, rs=0.26, p=0.2; women, rs=0.50, p=0.001) intermediary in Ilulissat (men, rs=0.37, p=0.06; women, rs=0.73, p<0.0001) and highest in Uummannaq (men, rs=0.59, p<0.0001; women, rs=0.74, p<0.0001). Intake of traditional foods was correlated with ferritin in men (rs=0.29, p=0.01) and women (rs=0.40, p<0.0001). Conclusion: The observed differences in estimated body iron stores in Greenlanders from the three residential areas can be explained by differences in the dietary intake of haem iron.
TOURISM FINANCIALS STRUCTURE : AN EUROPEAN COMPARISON

This paper focuses on the main profiles of SMEs (small and medium enterprises) financial structures. The spotlight is on the hospitality and tourism industry. The keys areas of financial and accounting statements are analysed in a comparative studies between several European countries. As well known, the tourism industry is characterized by two different management issues: real estate and industry specific management. While the tourism property management is almost similar to a general real estate management, the specific management is strongly related to the seasonality. The business cycle impact on the financial structure is reasonably significant and the effect on the risk is relevant as well. Therefore, the aim of the research is to recognize the main aspect the accounting and financial data over different countries considering also different sorts of financing (short and long term financing). In fact, the ability to fit the short term financing needs, also called treasury management, requires a specific forecast and control of the cash inflows and outflows. To deal with the specific financial needs is required to set-up a specialized financing facilities. Clearly, mortgages and loans represent the most relevant medium and long term financing instruments. Banking financing is a strongly structured on the SMEs financial requirements. By definition, the bank has developed a strong ability to provide an adequate source of funds. On the other hand, when a bank financing is the most relevant on the liabilities of the firm, it can penalize the growth opportunities. The seasonality of operations impacts on the financing cycle too. The operation management often smoothes the overloaded period using different strategies. Also the cash flow management benefits from a greater accuracy in financial forecasts. The strong seasonality does not imply a severe risk profiles. Several empirical analysis and interviews show how the whole tourism industry has a medium risk level. In addition, SMEs exhibit a lower credit risk profile, in particular when the number of employees is very small. From an empirical point of view, a sample of European tourism SMEs (Hotel and restaurants) is investigated. The accounting data set, related to the period 1999-2002, describes relevant differences between tourism companies across European countries.
High-level synthesis of power-optimized and area-optimized circuits from hierarchical data-flow intensive behaviors

We present a technique for synthesizing power- as well as area-optimized circuits from hierarchical data flow graphs under throughput constraints. We allow for the use of complex register-transfer level (RTL) modules, such as fast Fourier transforms (FFT's) and filters, as building blocks for the RTL circuit, in addition to simple RTL modules such as adders and multipliers. Unlike past techniques in the area, we also customize the complex RTL modules to match the environment in which they find themselves. We present a fast and efficient algorithm for mapping multiple behaviors onto the same RTL module during the course of synthesis, thus allowing our synthesis system to explore previously unexplored regions of the design space. These techniques are at the core of an iterative improvement based approach which can accept temporary degradation in solution quality in its quest for a globally optimal solution. The moves in our iterative improvement procedure explore optimizations along different dimensions such as functional unit selection, resource allocation, resource sharing, resource splitting, and selection and resynthesis of complex RTL modules. These interrelated optimizations are dynamically traded off with each other during the course of synthesis, thus exploiting the benefits that arise from their interaction. The synthesis framework also tackles other related high-level synthesis tasks such as scheduling, clock selection, and V/sub dd/ selection. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm produces circuits whose area and power consumption are comparable to or better than those produced using flattened synthesis, within much shorter CPU times.
Fuzzy data mining query language

Presents a fuzzy data mining query language, FDMQL. This query language supports fuzzy data mining queries and facilitates intelligent searching. FDMQL offers three functionalities: (1) retrieval of tuples which contain fuzzy attributes; this functionality of FDMQL can be thought of as a fuzzy SQL language; (2) an evaluator of fuzzy linguistic summaries and (3) a knowledge miner. This work shows that FDMQL makes it easy to implement a fuzzy data mining system on top of a conventional data mining system.
Internet of Things: Modem paradigm of health care

Some results of Data Mining of scientific publication activity in Scopus database and Text Big Data analytics using API access to Google about Information transformation are presented. The whole ecosystem of Internet of Health and its place within Internet of Things are described. System analysis is given about: Big Data market in Health Care, ways of Medical Information Systems development, and the direction of hospitals transition to new condition based on three “whales” (hybrid Cloud computing, supercomputer and data center). The Internet of Things ecosystem foregrounds some important aspects related to gerontology, genetics, biorhythmology, and gravitational biology. Sociological understanding of people's role in formation of the new high IT dependence reality allows to determine the main vectors of farsighted forecast. The technological evolution can be described as subsequent stages: distribution of IT — automation — Digital transformation and Internet of Things — Big Data analytics — Artificial Intelligence solutions — people connection to Augmented Reality — Context-as-A-Service — NBIC- and GRAIN-technologies — Humanity Plus. The essence of concept “patient” is changing. Patient transforms into an e-patient (all records about patient have been digitized) and then into Internet-patient with monitoring of health parameters within the Internet of Things surrounding people. Getting Augmented Reality patient is becoming a Digital patient. Augmented Reality methods are already being developed to treat patients. Medicine as part of social structure becomes more diffuse, covering common space of Internet of Things. Medical culture acquires a new value for society. Five measures for successful transformation of Health Care in Russia are recommended in the article.
Long‐term psychosocial outcome after renal transplantation during childhood

Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe long‐term psychosocial outcome after renal transplantation during childhood. Sixty‐eight patients, having reached adulthood (>20 yr of age), were selected for the study. An invitation letter was sent to the patients asking them to participate in an interview performed by telephone and 42 (24 females) agreed. The age at the time of the interview was median 25.7 yr. The age at the transplantation was 1.4–20.5 yr. A total of 9.5% considered themselves as ill (three of four on dialysis), 24% as both ill and well and 67% as well. The school performance did not differ to a great extent from the general population. Fourteen percent were unemployed compared with 5.3% of the general population. Fourteen percent, all under 25 yr, lived with their parents, 52% had independent lodging and 33% were married or lived with a partner. Twenty‐five patients stated that they had felt anxiety or depressed at some time. However, when asking them to score their quality of life on a scale from 1 to 10, they scored median 8.0. Thus, the long‐term psycho‐social outcome after kidney transplantation during childhood seems to be quite good. Most of the interviewed seemed to have a good life according to themselves.
A randomised control trial to determine if use of the iResus©application on a smart phone improves the performance of an advanced life support provider in a simulated medical emergency *

This study sought to determine whether using the Resuscitation Council UK’s iResus© application on a smart phone improves the performance of doctors trained in advanced life support in a simulated emergency. Thirty‐one doctors (advanced life support‐trained within the previous 48 months) were recruited. All received identical training using the smart phone and the iResus application. The participants were randomly assigned to a control group (no smart phone) and a test group (access to iResus on smart phone). Both groups were tested using a validated extended cardiac arrest simulation test (CASTest) scoring system. The primary outcome measure was the overall cardiac arrest simulation test score; these were significantly higher in the smart phone group (median (IQR [range]) 84.5 (75.5–92.5 [64–96])) compared with the control group (72 (62–87 [52–95]); p = 0.02). Use of the iResus application significantly improves the performance of an advanced life support‐certified doctor during a simulated medical emergency. Further studies are needed to determine if iResus can improve care in the clinical setting.
The Pregnant Women with HIV Attitude Scale: development and initial psychometric evaluation.

AIM This paper is a report of the development and initial psychometric evaluation of the Pregnant Women with HIV Attitude Scale. BACKGROUND Previous research has identified that attitudes toward persons with HIV/AIDS have been judgmental and could affect clinical care and outcomes. Stigma towards persons with HIV has persisted as a barrier to nursing care globally. Women are more vulnerable during pregnancy. An instrument to specifically measure obstetric care provider's attitudes toward this population is needed to target identified gaps in providing respectful care. METHODS Existing literature and instruments were analysed and two existing measures, the Attitudes about People with HIV Scale and the Attitudes toward Women with HIV Scale, were combined to create an initial item pool to address attitudes toward HIV-positive pregnant women. The data were collected in 2003 with obstetric nurses attending a national conference in the United States of America (N = 210). Content validity was used for item pool development and principal component analysis and analysis of variance were used to determine construct validity. Reliability was analysed using Cronbach's Alpha. RESULTS The new measure demonstrated high internal consistency (alpha estimates = 0.89). Principal component analysis yielded a two-component structure that accounted for 45% of the total variance: Mothering-Choice (alpha estimates = 0.89) and Sympathy-Rights (alpha estimates = 0.72). CONCLUSION These data provided initial evidence of the psychometric properties of the Pregnant Women with HIV Attitude Scale. Further analysis is required of the validity of the constructs of this scale and its reliability with various obstetric care providers.
Why Does Social Capital Matter in Health Communication Campaigns?

The present study examined the psychological mechanisms underlying the indirect effects of antidrug-specific social capital on targeted parent-child communication about drugs. Moreover, it explored why campaign exposure and social capital exert interactive influences on parent-child communication. Using a three-round longitudinal panel data set from the National Survey of Parents and Youth (NSPY), we found that when taking into account behavioral attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, parents’ attitude toward talking about drugs with their child mediated the effects of antidrug-specific social capital on targeted parent-child communication about drugs. Furthermore, behavioral attitude mediated the interactive effects of campaign exposure and social capital on parent-child communication. The implications of these findings for research on the connection between media exposure and conversation and for public health interventions were discussed.
Design consideration of high torque-density switched reluctance motor for hybrid electrical vehicle

In this paper, a design optimization of a Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) had been studied for high torque density. The maximum torque density of 56.4 Nm/L at base speed is confirmed by FEM. The effectiveness of specifications such as the current density, the slot fill factor and etc. are shown. FEM analysis results show effective parameter in torque improvement. Design methodology of stator and rotor is proposed.
A novel topology of LLC resonant inverter with two resonant tanks for Power Conditioning System

Recently, Power Conditioning System (PCS) tends to require more compact, higher efficiency, higher power density with better performance. To meet these requirements, a novel topology consisted of LLC resonant converter with two resonant tanks for low power losses and Low Frequency (LF) cyclo-converter for sine wave filtering is proposed. The operating schemes are analyzed and described. A 400W proto product is built, tested and verified the performances by connecting the 110Vac 60Hz utility line. Test results are described with its high efficiency and good performance.
Occurrence of growth factors and their receptors in tubal pregnancy-affected tissue

Occurrence of growth factors and their receptors in tubal pregnancy-affected tissue Considering that growth factors orchestrate cell growth, differentiation and proliferation, the aim of our study was to determine the occurrence of some growth factors and their receptors in tubal pregnancy tissues. The immunohistochemical distribution of TGF beta 1, bFGF, FGFR, NGF, NGFRp75, IGF-1, IGF-1R was determined semiquantitatively. A Mann-Whitney U test for the non-parametric rank analysis was used to test for differences between the factors. Significance was assumed for a P value of < 0.05. The analysed tissues expressed more FGFR than bFGF (U = 23; P < 0.05). NGF appeared in various structures of fallopian tube and conceptus but NGFRp75 was particularly absent (U = 1; P < 0.05). IGF-1 was widely distributed in both mother and embryo tissues, but IGF-1R only in some of the material (U = 22.5; P < 0.05). It was concluded that TGF beta 1 is absent both in mother and conceptus tissues; fallopian tube tissues express more FGFR than bFGF and suggest the stimulation of compensatory adaptation of the organ and the disturbance of angiogenesis; the presence of NGF in the fallopian tube with absence of NGFRp75 indicates the failure of innervations, angiogenesis and cell interaction; the deficit of IGF-1 and the absence of IGF-1R are suggested to be a result of gestation growth restriction and impaired invasion. Augšanas faktoru un to receptoru sadalījums olvada grūtniecības audos Augšanas faktori nosaka šūnas augšanu, diferenciāciju un proliferāciju. Mūsu pētījuma mērķis bija noteikt dažādu augšanas faktoru sadalījumu olvada grūtniecības audos. TGF beta 1, bFGF, FGFR, NGF, NGFRp75, IGF-1, IGF-1R noteikšanai izmantojām imūnhistoķīmisko metodi. Faktoru sadalījumu noteicām puskvantitatīvi, datu statististiskai apstrādei izmantojām neparametrisko Mann-Whitney U testu. Analizētie audi ekspresēja FGFR vairāk nekā bFGF (U = 23; P < 0.05). NGF novērojams olvada un conceptus audos, bet NGFRp75 trūkst (U = 1; P < 0.05). Gan mātes, gan embrija audi bagātīgi saturēja IGF-1, bet IGF-1R ir tikai dažās struktūrās (U = 22.5; P < 0.05). Secināts, ka TGF beta 1 trūkst gan mātes, gan conceptus audos; olvadi ekspresē FGFR vairāk nekā bFGF - tas norāda uz orgāna kompensatoro adaptāciju un angiogenēzes traucējumiem; NGF olvadā audos NGFRp75 trūkuma gadījumā raksturo inervācijas, angiogenēzes un šūnu mijiedarbības traucējumus; IGF-1 deficīts un IGF-1R trūkums varētu atspoguļot gestācijas augšanas aizturi un traucētu trofoblasta invāziju.