Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Characteristics of Air/Water Slug Flow in Horizontal Pipes

Article history: Received 16 September 2019 Received in revised form 5 November 2019 Accepted 17 November 2019 Available online 4 February 2020 Prediction of flow conditions at which slugs are formed and characterisation of slugging are critical technological problems that are not fully resolved yet. This study experimentally and numerically investigated the characteristics of air/water slug flow by documenting the effect of different air and water superficial velocities on water slug length and frequency. The investigations focused on slug frequency, slug length, slug initiation in the pipe and liquid holdup. Experiments were conducted using a 0.074-mdiameter horizontal acrylic pipe with an 8.0-m length. A high-speed video camera was used to obtain the image sequence of the slug flow covering ranges of 0.7–3.5 and 0.65–1.23 m/s air and water superficial velocities, respectively. Numerical simulations were performed using a 3D implicit unsteady volume of fluid model with STAR-CCM+ code. The comparison of simulation experiments exhibited a reasonable agreement within a 10.4% relative error. The time traces of water holdup indicated that slugs are formed as a result of local instability at the wave crest rather than due to the instability of the entire wave. Mean water slug lengths ranged within 3.5–15 Dpipe. By increasing the air superficial velocity by 50% and fixing the water superficial velocity, the slug frequency decreased by 0.25 Hz. When the air superficial velocity was fixed and the water superficial velocity increased by 50%, the frequency rate was increased by 1.88 Hz.
NADPH Oxidase in Human Phagocytes Acid Phosphatases Inactivate the Francisella

Francisella tularensis contains four putative acid phosphatases that are conserved in Francisella novicida . An F. novicida quadru-ple mutant (AcpA, AcpB, AcpC, and Hap [ D ABCH]) is unable to escape the phagosome or survive in macrophages and is attenuated in the mouse model. We explored whether reduced survival of the D ABCH mutant within phagocytes is related to the oxidative response by human neutrophils and macrophages. F. novicida and F. tularensis subspecies failed to stimulate reactive oxygen species production in the phagocytes, whereas the F. novicida D ABCH strain stimulated a signiﬁcant level of reactive oxygen species. The D ABCH mutant, but not the wild-type strain, strongly colocalized with p47 phox and replicated in phagocytes only in the presence of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor or within macrophages isolated from p47 phox knockout mice. Finally, puriﬁed AcpA strongly dephosphorylated p47 phox and p40 phox , but not p67 phox , in vitro. Thus, Francisella acid phosphatases play a major role in intramacrophage survival and virulence by regulating the generation of the oxidative burst in human phagocytes. The Journal of Immunology , 2010, 184: 5141–5150. phox g Hap
A Path Model of Innovative Customer Orientation and Company Performance with the Moderating Influence of Company Training

This study used a sample of salespeople at various companies to substantiate a path model of innovativeness, customer orientation, and performance; thus, it offers a multi-disciplinary framework. Results indicated a moderating influence of company training programs on the relationship between customer orientation and performance, which can have several implications for human resource managers and sales contact employees. Two features, testing the influence of training activities and measuring customer orientation from the employees’ perceptions, distinguish this study from previous studies.
Hadron therapy

The hadrontherapy uses light charged particles beams (mainly proton and C ions) to irradiate tumors. These beams present a ballistic advantage with a maximum energy deposition at the end of the path (ie Bragg peak). A large dose can be delivered inside a deep tumor while the surrounding healthy tissues are preserved. Concerning the C beams, an enhanced biological efficiency has been measured. Therefore there is an obvious advantage in using these beams. The nuclear fragmentation process of C projectiles leads to deposit some dose beyond the Bragg peak and to spread the dose deposition around the beam direction. The basic knowledge of this process is of crucial importance to compute the dose deposition with an accuracy better than 3%. Additionally the fragments produced by this fragmentation process can be used for a real-time monitoring of the dose deposition in the patient. In this lecture, we will define the quantities and the physical processes relevant for the hadrontherapy. The importance of the knowledge of the fragmentation process and its influence on the dose map will be presented and discussed. In the last part of this lecture, an overview of different instrumental developments (imaging, beam and dose monitoring) and different experimental measurements will be done.
An Efficiency Approach for Analyzing the Major Agri cultural Economies

In this article we perform production efficiency an alysis for the 36 countries with largest agricultur al GDP in 2005. Under the assumption of a nonparametri c frontier and production observations satisfying a statistical model including both random and ineffic iency errors, we estimate an agricultural productio n function using DEA measures of efficiency with output orient ation and variable returns to scale. We found evide nce that the set of countries investigated could increase th eir otal agricultural GDP for at least 43.6% witho ut increasing input usage with the prevailing technology. This re ult has a direct impact on issues related to the f ood crisis.
Effects of artifical and solar UV-B radiation on the gravitactic orientation of the dinoflageUate, Peridinium gatuneme

The effects of artificial and solar UV-B radiation on the gravitacdc (formerly called geotactic) orientation of the freshwater dinoflagellate Peridin ium gatvnense were measured under artifi,:al UV-B radiation and in a temperature-controlled growth chamber under solar radiation in Portugal. Circular histograms of gravitaxis show the impaireme:~'~ of orientation after UV irradiation. The degree of orientation, quantified using the Rayleigh test and top quadrant summation, decreased ,is the exposure time to the radiation prolonged. The effects of artifical UV-B radiation on orientation are stronger than those of solar radiation, probably because the radiation source emits higher fluence rates below 300 nm than found in solar radiation. After UV radiation, the gravitactic orientation under artificially increased acceleration at 2 g was drastically affected.
Developing a Protective – Preventive and Machine Learning Based Model on Child Abuse

— Online grooming is an ever-increasing problem in societies and the time spent online is recently started to rise drastically. People can become anonymous whilst posting, sharing his/her own opinion, and being a part of online chatting. Option to be anonymous also brings together the chance for hiding personal identity when making an attempt on illegal activities. Online grooming is one of the significant areas of aforementioned actions and sexual predators can easily use online chatting platforms to quickly build a friendly relationship with children or teenagers to gain their trust and make them share their obscene media files. These sexual predators mostly try to convince their victims to meet and it may lead to having sexual intercourse with a minor. In order to draw attention to the huge challenge that most societies face, this study mainly aims to identify predators in the early stage of online communication. The objective is to do an investigation to detect child grooming through online chat records by using Machine Learning techniques. In the first part of the study, it has been achieved to make a multi-label classification on a Wikipedia dataset with more than 97 percent accuracy, where a given text gets classified based on the toxicity types. The outcome of this work is also used in the second stage and herein PAN12 dataset has been used to train and test our model. We have ended up with more than 92 percent accuracy, where suspicious conversation messages from the chat records get identified and sexual predators can be recognized.
rnb Multiple Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12

The degradation of mRNA in Escherichia coli is thought to occur through a series of endonucleolytic and exonucleolytic steps. By constructing a series of multiple mutants containing the pnp-7 (polynucleotide phosphorylase), rnb-S00 (RNase II), and ams-l (altered message stability) alleles, it was possible to study general mRNA turnover as well as the degradation of specific mRNAs. Of most interest was the ams-1 pnp-7 rnb-500 triple mutant in which the half-life of total pulse-labeled RNA increased threeto fourfold at the nonpermissive temperature. RNA-DNA hybridization analysis of several specific mRNAs such as trxA (thioredoxin), ssb (single-stranded-DNA-binding protein), uvrD (DNA helicase II), cat (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase), nusA (N utilization substance), and pnp (polynucleotide phosphorylase) demonstrated twoto fourfold increases in their chemical half-lives. A new method for high-resolution Northern (RNA) analysis showed that the trxA and cat mRNAs are degraded into discrete fragments which are significantly stabilized only in the triple mutant. A model for mRNA turnover is discussed.
Possible misidentification of Bacteroides sp., probably B. ureolyticus as Taylorella equigenitalis: Implications for the laboratory diagnosis of CEM

– A wild-type isolate with similar morphological and phenotypic properties to Taylorella equigenitalis , the causative bacterial agent of contagious equine metritis (CEM), was referred for molecular identification by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. A species-specific PCR failed to yield a product compatible with that of T. equigenitalis . The direct sequencing of the universal 16S rRNA PCR amplicon suggested the presence of a Bacteroides sp. , probably Bacteroides ureolyticus , with no consequent effects on the movement and transportation of the animal. Adoption of such a molecular means of identification through sequencing may aid in the identification of the atypical forms of Taylorella equigenitalis , as recently described, as well as differentiating this species from Taylorella asinigenitalis . Résumé
Applicability of rheological correlations to broths of other fungal strains

Existing correlations of Power law consistency index with Penicillium chrysogenum biomass concentration and morphology were revised using a microscope magnificat ion of 50 times to characterize the latter, rather than the 80 times used previously. This allowed tests of the correlations on broths of Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger, which have such large mycelial sizes that a lower magnification is required for accurate morphological analysis. The new correlations were successful at predicting the rheology of A. oryzae broths but not A. niger broths, which may be because of a change in the exponent on the biomass concentration in the correlations for the latter. Because the mean maximum dimension of clumps is magnification independent, the preferred correlat ion was: K = Cm 2 × [4 × 10 -5 D 9 × 10 -4 ] where K is the consistency index (Pa s n ), Cm is the biomass concentration as dry cell weight (gL -1 ) and D is the mean maximum dimension ( m).
Microsoft Word-010514 manuscript text.docx

Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems & Synthetic Biology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway, Austin, TX, 78712 *Running title: Humanized yeast cells model human disease To whom correspondence should be addressed: Yufeng Qian, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin. Email: yufengqian1005@gmail.com and Kenneth A. Johnson, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin. Email: kajohnson@mail.utexas. edu.
University of Birmingham Subacromial impingement syndrome and pain

Background: Subacromial impingement syndrome is the most frequent cause of shoulder problems which themselves affect 1 in 3 adults. Management commonly includes exercise and corticosteroid injection. However, the few existing trials of exercise or corticosteroid injection for subacromial impingement syndrome are mostly small, of poor quality, and focus only on short-term results. Exercise packages tend to be standardised rather than individualised and progressed. There has been much recent interest in improving outcome from corticosteroid injections by using musculoskeletal ultrasound to guide injections. However, there are no high-quality trials comparing ultrasound-guided and blind corticosteroid injection in subacromial impingement syndrome. This trial will investi-gate how to optimise the outcome of subacromial impingement syndrome from exercise (standardised advice and information leaflet versus physiotherapist-led exercise) and from subacromial corticosteroid injection (blind versus ultrasound-guided), and provide long-term follow-up data on clinical and cost-effectiveness. Methods/Design: The study design is a 2x2 factorial randomised controlled trial. 252 adults with subacromial impingement syndrome will be recruited from two musculoskeletal Clinical Assessment and Treatment Services at the primary-secondary care interface in Staffordshire, UK. Participants will be randomised on a 1:1:1:1 basis to one of four treatment groups: (1) ultrasound-guided subacromial corticosteroid injection and a physiotherapist-led exercise programme, (2) ultrasound-guided subacromial corticosteroid injection and an advice and exercise leaflet, (3) blind subacromial corticosteroid injection and a physiotherapist-led exercise programme, or (4) blind subacromial corticosteroid injection and an and exercise leaflet. The primary intention-to-treat analysis be the mean differences in Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) scores at 6 weeks for the comparison between injection interventions and at 6 months for the comparison between exercise interventions. independence of treatment effects is assumed, the magnitude of any interaction effect will be examined (but is not intended for the main analyses). Secondary outcomes will include comparison of long-term outcomes (12 months) and A secondary per protocol analysis also
Genome-wide analysis of OVATE family proteins in 1 cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.)

29 Background: OVATE family proteins (OFPs) are plant-specific proteins with the 30 conserved OVATE domain that regulating plant growth and development. Although 31 these OFPs have been studied in several species, the biological functions of this OFP 32 gene family remain largely unknown in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). 33 Results: In this study, we identified 19 CsOFPs in cucumber. This CsOFPs are 34 distributed on seven chromosomes and can be divided into four subgroups. Most 35 CsOFP genes are expressed in reproductive organs although have different expression 36 patterns. Cis -elements analysis showed that there are six kinds of hormone response 37 elements in CsOFPs and exogenous gibberellin treatment leads to a ‘first increase then 38 decrease’ expression pattern of CsOFP7 , CsOFP11 and CsOFP12 . Ectopic expression 39 of CsOFP11 in Arabidopsis resulted in shorter and blunt siliques. 40 Conclusions: Together, these results indicated that CsOFPs may play important roles 41 in cucumber fruit development. 42
RESEARCH OF THE DIESEL ENGINE FAILURE DEPENDENCY ON ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS

: the paper deals with the analysis of the factors and aspects covered by the Diesel Engine Reliability Theory and relevant for the discussion of engine reliability. The paper suggests and examines indicators for the assessment of engine reliability, and quantitative function for the evaluation of engine technical condition. The integrated effect of mountainous dessert on automotive engines is also examined although it has received little research attention so far, whereas findings of quantitative criteria analysis intended for reliability assessment under difficult conditions have not been publicly reported as they have been accomplished by manufacturers of military vehicles. Engine operating conditions refer to the manner of engine use, intensity of engine operation, different types of engine loads and their sequence, as well as culture and qualification of drivers, servicemen and maintenance personnel, provision of repair and diagnostics equipment, etc. Research of the case under consideration has been accomplished in mountainous desert of Afghanistan showing complicated climatic conditions. For the purpose of collecting precise and accurate data, vehicles used by the Provincial Reconstruction Team situated in Ghor province (Afghanistan) were selected for the research. Their operation course, failures, and repairs can be tracked and captured more precisely than those of civilians as their data are recorded in data logs.
A novel free boundary mathematical model of epithelial tissues with mechanobiological coupling

In this thesis, we couple intracellular signalling and cell–based mechanical properties to develop a novel free boundary mechanobiological model of epithelial tissue dynamics. Mechanobiological coupling is introduced at the cell level in a discrete modelling framework, and new reaction–diffusion equations are derived to describe tissue–level outcomes. The free boundary evolves as a result of the underlying biological mechanisms included in the discrete model. To demonstrate the accuracy of the continuum model, we compare numerical solutions of the discrete and continuum models for two different signalling pathways. First, we study the Rac–Rho pathway where cell– and tissue–level mechanics are directly related to intracellular signalling. Second, we study an activator–inhibitor system which gives rise to spatial and temporal patterning related to Turing patterns. In all cases, the continuum model and free boundary condition accurately reflect the cell–level processes included in the discrete model.
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Tit le Changes in awareness and knowledge concerning mother-to-child infect ions among Japanese pregnant women between 2012 and 2018

This study aimed to investigate the long-term changes in awareness of and knowledge about mother-to-child infections across 6 years in Japan. A questionnaire survey was conducted at our facility from October 2012 to January 2018, and the study periods were divided into 4 phases comprising 16 months each. A multiple-choice questionnaire assessed participants’ awareness of the following 13 pathogens of mother-to-child infections: cytomegalovirus (CMV), Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), hepatitis B virus, rubella virus, herpes simplex virus, parvovirus B19, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human T cell leukemia virus type-1, measles virus, varicella-zoster virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Treponema pallidum. For the selected four pathogens (i.e., CMV, rubella virus, T. gondii, and parvovirus B19), the questionnaire also evaluated participants’ knowledge of transmission routes, the most susceptible time of infection that could yield severe fetal disease during pregnancy, the maximum frequency of fetal infection in cases of maternal infection, and methods to prevent maternal infection. In total, 1433 pregnant Japanese women were included in this study. There was no secular change in awareness of the pathogens concerning mother-to-child infections over time, and we also clarified that the detailed knowledge of the four pathogens of typical mother-to-child infections did not improve. Since knowledge about methods to prevent maternal infection is still insufficient for all pathogens, further advocacy is required to prevent mother-to-child infections.
Scanning for new BRI1 receptor mutations via TILLING analysis

Short title: New BRI1 mutations 1 Corresponding author: Jia Li 2 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, 3 School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 4 +86 931 8915662 5 Email: lijia@lzu.edu. cn 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Plant Physiology Preview. Published on May 1, 2017, as DOI:10.1104/pp.17. 00118
Temporal Trends in the Population Attributable Risk for Cardiovascular Disease The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

C ardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with an overall economic burden in excess of $440 billion annually. Data from previous studies suggest that the incidence of CVD has been decreasing over time, 3–7 in association with increasing public health emphasis on the prevention and treatment of modifiable risk factors such as hypertension and hypercholes-terolemia. 8–13 However, several studies indicate that improvements in CVD incidence are lagging in certain subgroups, including women and blacks. 3–6 The degree to which these trends may be attributable to differences between subgroups in the relative contribution of traditional risk factors to incident CVD is not known. To better understand changes over time in the contribution of risk factors to incident CVD in the population at large, as well as in important subgroups, we examined the proportion of CVD risk attributable to traditional risk factors in a large biracial sample of men and women living in the community with longitudinal data available and outcomes surveillance spanning over 2 decades. The study design and sampling of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study has been described (see the online-only Background—The extent to which the relative contributions of traditional cardiovascular risk factors to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) may have changed over time remains unclear. At each examination, we estimated the population attributable risks (PAR) of traditional risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking) for the 10-year incidence of CVD. Overall, the PAR of all risk factors combined appeared to decrease from the late 1980s to the late 1990s (0.58 to 0.53). The combined PAR was higher in women than men in 1987 through 1989 (0.68 versus 0.51, P<0.001) but not by the late 1990s (0.58 versus 0.48, P=0.08). The combined PAR was higher in blacks than whites in the late 1980s (0.67 versus 0.57, P=0.049), and this difference was more pronounced by the late 1990s (0.67 versus 0.48, P=0.002). By the late 1990s, the PAR of hypertension had become higher in women than men (P=0.02) and also appeared higher in blacks than whites (P=0.08). By the late 1990s, the PAR of diabetes mellitus remained higher in women than men (P<0.0001) and in blacks than whites (P<0.0001). Conclusions—The contribution to CVD of all traditional risk factors combined is greater in blacks than whites, and this difference may be increasing. The contributions of hypertension and diabetes mellitus remain …
A Single Wearable IMU-based Human Hand Activity Recognition via Deep Autoencoder and Recurrent Neural Networks

— Human Hand Activity Recognition (HAR) using wearable sensors can be utilized in various practical applications such as lifelogging, human-computer interaction, and gesture interfaces. Especially with the latest deep learning approaches, the feasibility of HAR in practice gets more promising. In this paper, we present a HAR system based on deep Autoencoder for denoising and deep Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for classification. The proposed HAR system achieves a mean accuracy of 79.38% for seven complex hand activities, while only of 72.65% without the autoencoder. The presented combination of autoencoder and RNN could be useful for much improved human activity recognition.