Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of the independent effect of twist and snail in promoting metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

The epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for induction of invasiveness and metastasis of human cancers. In this study we investigated the expression profiles of the EMT markers, the relationship between EMT markers and patient/tumor/viral factors, and the interplay between major EMT regulators in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Reduced E‐cadherin and nonmembranous β‐catenin expression, the hallmarks of EMT, were shown in 60.2% and 51.5% of primary HCC samples, respectively. Overexpression of Snail, Twist, or Slug, the major regulators of EMT, was identified in 56.9%, 43.1%, and 51.4% of primary HCCs, respectively. Statistical analysis determined that Snail and Twist, but not Slug, are major EMT inducers in HCC: overexpression of Snail and/or Twist correlated with down‐regulation of E‐cadherin, nonmembranous expression of β‐catenin, and a worse prognosis. In contrast, there were no such significant differences in samples that overexpressed Slug. Coexpression of Snail and Twist correlated with the worst prognosis of HCC. Hepatitis C‐associated HCC was significantly correlated with Twist overexpression. HCC cell lines with increased Snail and Twist expression (e.g., Mahlavu) exhibited a greater capacity for invasiveness/metastasis than cells with low endogenous Twist/Snail expression (e.g., Huh‐7). Overexpression of Snail or/and Twist in Huh‐7 induced EMT and invasiveness/metastasis, whereas knockdown of Twist or Snail in Mahlavu reversed EMT and inhibited invasiveness/metastasis. Twist and Snail were independently regulated, but exerted an additive inhibitory effect to suppress E‐cadherin transcription. Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive profile of EMT markers in HCC, and the independent and collaborative effects of Snail and Twist on HCC metastasis were confirmed through different assays. (HEPATOLOGY 2009.)
Pharmacotherapy of High-Altitude Illness

High-altitude illness (HAI) encompasses an array of conditions that may occur in individuals who travel to high elevations, including acute mountain sickness, high-altitude cerebral edema, and high-altitude pulmonary edema. Individuals with a history of HAI are predisposed to developing HAI; however, other risk factors are not well defined. The primary method of preventing HAI is acclimatization through gradual ascent to high altitude. In addition, many studies have assessed the use of pharmacologic prophylaxis. The most studied and widely recommended prophylactic agent is acetazolamide; additional agents that have been considered include dexamethasone, Gingko biloba, antioxidant vitamins, nifedipine, aspirin, and salmeterol. The treatment of choice for all forms of HAI is descent to lower altitude. The use of additional treatments, including supplemental oxygen, varies depending on the severity of the clinical presentation. Acetazolamide and dexamethasone have been studied as adjunctive treatments for acute mountain sickness, while nitric oxide and nifedipine have been evaluated for the treatment of high-altitude pulmonary edema. Data with analgesics and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, while limited, are promising. This review will present the evidence supporting the use of pharmacotherapy for prevention and treatment of HAI.
Normalization of Violence: Experiences of Childhood Abuse by Inner-City Crack Users

An increasing literature mostly based on retrospective surveys has been consistently documenting a correlation between physical abuse in childhood (CPA) and substance abuse in adulthood (ASA). This article uses ethnographic data to reveal the processes behind and context of this linkage for one population—poor, inner-city New York residents who became crack users. Life in the inner city is qualitatively different than in more fortunate circumstances. CPA is but one of numerous stressors and factors contributing to ASA. Approximately half of the subjects reported clear recollections of being physically beaten by their mothers or their various male partners. Although several denied being beaten in childhood, they typically reported various forms of physical assaults that they “deserved. ” Physical assaults, especially by mothers, were often understood as expressions of love. As such, these respondents viewed their ongoing physical assaults as an ordinary part of their childhood and adolescence. Such physical punishment also socialized and prepared children for the violence that would likely occur during their childhood in their inner-city communities. This analysis highlights how reducing substance abuse in the inner city may require a much more comprehensive effort than a focus on reducing CPA. These findings also have important implications for quantitative research regarding CPA and ASA. Such studies should subdivide their analyses by socioeconomic status to more clearly measure how much of a risk factor CPA represents among wealthier populations and how much not being abused may serve as a protective factor among poor inner-city populations.
Recruiting, hiring, and onboarding case managers: communication and setting expectations are keys to success.

Kathryn M. Serbin, BSN, MS, CCM, and Sue Jensen, PhD, RN, CCM, MSCC measuring performance, the better the process will be—from attracting the right candidates to ultimately hiring and retaining case managers who become promotable, long-term employees. Success in recruitment and retention, while good for the case manager and the employer, also serves another important objective: it ensures that competent, high-performing case managers are available in the care setting to serve clients (the individuals receiving case management services). The more qualifi ed and skilled case managers are (and preferably board certifi ed), the better they can provide access to the right care and treatment at the right time, in support of goals set with the client and his or her support system.
Possible Oseltamivir-Induced Angioedema in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure

Objective To report a case of angioedema possibly associated with oseltamivir administration in a patient with chronic renal failure. Case Summary A 46-year-old female with an extensive allergy history and multiple co-morbidities, including chronic renal failure, was diagnosed with H1N1 influenza and given prescriptions for oseltamivir and methylprednisolone at an outside emergency department. She was sent home and took the first dose of both medications. The following day, the patient developed tongue swelling and left-sided edema. She discontinued methylprednisolone but continued oseltamivir. Her symptoms continued to worsen with the development of hivelike lesions and significant shortness of breath leading to hospitalization. Upon admission, oseltamivir was discontinued and the patient was started on dialysis. The patient's symptoms gradually improved, and she was discharged on hospital day 8. Discussion Oseltamivir was thought to be the causative agent due to the abrupt onset and resolution of symptoms associated with the administration and discontinuation of the medication. Application of the Naranjo probability scale found that oseltamivir was a possible cause of the patient's angioedema. Conclusion Health care providers should be aware of the rare but potentially life-threatening angioedema that may be associated with oseltamivir use.
Controlled trial of a minimal-intervention exercise program for middle-aged working women

Abstract Despite potential for major benefits, middle-aged women have low levels of aerobic exercise. A 12-week minimal-intervention exercise program was evaluated with female university employees aged 40 to 61. Following pre-testing, participants were randomly assigned to exercise or wait-list control. Testing was repeated at 12, 24 and 48 weeks. Exercisers improved significantly in aerobic fitness at 12 and 24 weeks, both groups decreased resting arterial pnssurc and body composition measures, and improved in exercise knowledge. Effects, however, were not well maintained at 48 weeks. These results are comparable to those obtained fmm intensive interventions and, while modest, suggest that a threshold has been reached for the modification of physiological control systems which are important for reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Middle-aged women face major social and practical baniers to regular exercise, and the minimal-intervention approach allows for a combination of flexibility and structure whic.
The experience of therapy supervision within a UK multi-centre randomized controlled trial

This study was set within the UK inter-professional multi-centre randomized controlled PACE Trial of manual-based therapy (BMC Neurology, 2007, 7: 6). The aim of supervision within ‘the trial’ was to maintain specificity of manual-based therapy, sustain retention of therapists, manage quality control and assurance of the therapy, monitor competence in delivering therapy and enhance professional development. The rationale for the study was that the approach to supervision within the trial appeared to be different from the previous experience of supervision for many of the therapists, especially occupational therapists and physiotherapists. A self-report questionnaire utilizing survey methodology identified differences in therapists’ previous clinical supervision and current supervision experience within the trial. All respondents ( n = 14) indicated that they liked and preferred supervision that was agenda structured, one to one and regular (at least once a month), interspersed with group (team supervision), peer support meetings, review of taped therapy sessions by supervisor and/or peer for feedback and competency rating. In the main this combination of supervision methods had not been previously experienced. This has implications for practice and future therapy research that both therapists and managers will need to consider. In particular the implementation of group supervision and review of audio taped therapy sessions for analysis, review and feedback in practice to enhance learning and client care.
The DSCP-CA: A Decision Support Computer Program-Cancer Pain Management

The purpose of this study was to develop a decision support system using fuzzy logic that would support nurses' decisions about cancer pain management, especially for ethnic minority cancer patients. The study had two phases: (1) data collection and (2) development of the decision support computer program. In the data collection phase, an Internet survey of 428 cancer patients and four ethnic-specific online forums (about 30 participants per forum) were conducted to gather data on the cancer pain experience of the four major ethnic groups in the United States. The development phase included two components: (1) development of three modules, including a knowledge base module, a decision module, and a self-adaptation module; and (2) a 3-month evaluation of the decision support computer program by oncology nurses and subsequent incorporation of their feedback into the program. The Internet survey and online forum data were processed into fuzzy and crisp data sets, and ethnic-specific algorithms for the decision module were developed. Using the self-adaptation module, the decision support computer program was further refined as additional data were processed. Then, the decision support computer program was further developed by adding additional components suggested by the oncology nurses.
5‐lipoxygenase deficiency reduces hepatic inflammation and tumor necrosis factor α–induced hepatocyte damage in hyperlipidemia‐prone ApoE‐null mice

The actual risk factors that drive hepatic inflammation during the transition from steatosis to steatohepatitis are unknown. We recently demonstrated that hyperlipidemia‐prone apolipoprotein E–deficient (ApoE−/−) mice exhibit hepatic steatosis and increased susceptibility to hepatic inflammation and advanced fibrosis. Because the proinflammatory 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LO) pathway was found to be up‐regulated in these mice and given that 5‐LO deficiency confers cardiovascular protection to ApoE−/− mice, we determined the extent to which the absence of 5‐LO would alter liver injury in these mice. Compared with ApoE−/− mice, which showed expected hepatic steatosis and inflammation, ApoE/5‐LO double‐deficient (ApoE−/−/5‐LO−/−) mice exhibited reduced hepatic inflammation, macrophage infiltration, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and interleukin (IL)‐18 expression, caspase‐3 and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activities, and serum alanine aminotransferase levels in the absence of changes in hepatic steatosis. The lack of 5‐LO produced a remarkable insulin‐sensitizing effect in the adipose tissue because peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, insulin receptor substrate‐1, and adiponectin were up‐regulated, whereas c‐Jun amino‐terminal kinase phosphorylation and MCP‐1 and IL‐6 expression were down‐regulated. On the other hand, hepatocytes isolated from ApoE−/−/5‐LO−/− mice were more resistant to TNF‐α–induced apoptosis. The 5‐LO products leukotriene (LT) B4, LTD4, and 5‐HETE consistently triggered TNF‐α–induced apoptosis and compromised hepatocyte survival by suppressing NF‐κB activity in the presence of actinomycin D. Moreover, ApoE−/−/5‐LO−/− mice were protected against sustained high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced liver injury and hepatic inflammation, macrophage infiltration and insulin resistance were significantly milder than those of ApoE−/− mice. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of 5‐LO significantly reduced hepatic inflammatory infiltrate in the HFD and ob/ob models of fatty liver disease. Conclusion: These combined data indicate that hyperlipidemic mice lacking 5‐LO are protected against hepatic inflammatory injury, suggesting that 5‐LO is involved in mounting hepatic inflammation in metabolic disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2010.)
A Study about a Short-form of the Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient (SSCQ-P)

A Study about a Short-form of the Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient (SSCQ-P) Jong-Hun Jeong, Soo-Hyung Jeon, Young-Ju Na, Seok-Hwan Kang Sang-Oak Dong, Si-Woo Lee, Kyu-Kon Kim, Jong-Won Kim, Sang-Hyuk Kim Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dong Eui Univ. Korean Medicine Health Technology Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea Dept. of Data Information Science, Dong Eui Univ. Objectives This study was performed to make a short-form of Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient(SSCQ-P). Methods In order to select important questions of SSCQ-P, we got advice from 10 professors of Oriental Medicine. As a result, we chose 37 questions. In addition, we selected 69 questions which had been used more than 12 times in SSCQ-P as the variable. We used some statistical methods to reduce questions. Finally, a total of 40 questions were selected. To find diagnostic accuracy rate of this short-form, discriminant analysis was performed. We used 1378 cases which was collect ed from February 2008 to June 2013 by online system(Sasang-medi data which has selected by web site, http://www.sasangmedi.or.kr), and 68 cases which was collected from November 2006 to September 2007 by the research "Construction of a biological information collection system for the Constitutional scientific diagnosis"(Korea Constitutional Multicenter Bank data, KCMB data) Results We made a short-form of SSCQ-P consisting of 40 questions. Diagnostic accuracy rate of short-form is 66.18% using Sasang-medi data, and 42.65% using KCMB data. Conclusions More cases are needed to improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of this short-form.
Using meta-synthesis to facilitate evidence-based practice.

In a previous column, Fineout-Overholt et al. (2008) discussed the use of systematic reviews in decision making for clinical practice, focusing primarily on the quantitative studies, such as randomised controlled trials. Narrative reviews were included but in less detail; this was intentional because the synthesis of qualitative evidence is a complex process and has evoked significant discussion over the past 5 years. Consequently, this column addresses some of the process issues surrounding qualitative evidence synthesis, or meta-synthesis as it is more commonly known, and offers ideas for how evidence arising from these can be used to inform education, teaching, and practice.
Posttrauma Numbing of Fear, Detachment, and Arousal Predict Delinquent Behaviors in Early Adolescence

This study elaborated on associations between youth's trauma-related emotional numbing across multiple affective domains (e.g., fear, sadness, happiness, anger) and delinquent behaviors. The study also examined whether the effects of posttrauma emotional numbing varied by the occurrence of posttrauma arousal symptoms. Participants were 123 middle school boys and girls from working-class, urban communities. Emotional numbing, particularly diminished fear, was related to both home and community violence exposure. Numbing of fearful emotions was associated with all types of delinquent behaviors examined. In addition, numbing of sadness was associated with aggression. Interactions between numbing of fear and hyperarousal suggested a complex pattern of emotional processing following exposure to traumatic events in which numbing related to delinquent behavior only in the context of high posttrauma arousal. These patterns may coalesce to place youth at risk for early involvement in delinquent behaviors.
Experimental Modification of Interpretation Bias about Animal Fear in Young Children: Effects on Cognition, Avoidance Behavior, Anxiety Vulnerability, and Physiological Responding

This study investigated the effects of experimentally modifying interpretation biases for children's cognitions, avoidance behavior, anxiety vulnerability, and physiological responding. Sixty-seven children (6–11 years) were randomly assigned to receive a positive or negative interpretation bias modification procedure to induce interpretation biases toward or away from threat about ambiguous situations involving Australian marsupials. Children rapidly learned to select outcomes of ambiguous situations, which were congruent with their assigned condition. Furthermore, following positive modification, children's threat biases about novel ambiguous situations significantly decreased, whereas threat biases significantly increased after negative modification. In response to a stress-evoking behavioral avoidance test, positive modification attenuated behavioral avoidance compared to negative modification. However, no significant effects of bias modification on anxiety vulnerability or physiological responses to this stress-evoking Behavioral Avoidance Task were observed.
Coaction of Stress and Serotonin Transporter Genotype in Predicting Aggression at the Transition to Adulthood

Despite consistent evidence that serotonin functioning affects stress reactivity and vulnerability to aggression, research on serotonin gene–stress interactions (G × E) in the development of aggression remains limited. The present study investigated variation in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) as a moderator of the stress–aggression association at the transition to adulthood. Multiple informants and multiple measures were used to assess aggression in a cohort of 381 Australian youth (61% female, 93% Caucasian) interviewed at ages 15 and 20. At age 20, semistructured interviews assessed acute and chronic stressors occurring in the past 12 months. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed a significant main effect of chronic stress, but not 5-HTTLPR or acute stress, on increases in aggression at age 20. Consistent with G × E hypotheses, 5-HTTLPR short allele carriers demonstrated greater increments in aggression following chronic stress relative to long allele homozygotes. The strength of chronic stress G × E did not vary according to sex. Variation at 5-HTTLPR appears to contribute to individual differences in aggressive reactions to chronic stress at the transition to adulthood.
Oxigenoterapia hiperbárica em lesões actínicas de colo de ratos: aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos

Objetivo: Avaliar a acao da oxigenacao hiperbarica em lesoes actinicas provocadas por radiacao ionizante no colo distal de ratas. Metodos: Foram utilizadas 32 ratas adultas distribuidas em quatro grupos. I - sham; II - oxigenoterapia hiperbarica (OHT); III - radioterapia (RT), e IV - radioterapia e oxigenoterapia hiperbarica (da mesma maneira que nos grupos II e III). Segmentos de colo distal foram fixados em formol a 10% e processados para avaliacao histologica e morfometrica. Resultados: Os resultados do experimento mostraram lesao das glândulas intestinais, vasodilatacao e infiltrado leucocitario na lâmina propria e submucosa no colo dos animais pertencentes ao grupo RT que diminuiu acentudadamente apos a oxigenioterapia hiperbarica. Conclusao: A oxigenitoterapia hiperbarica atenua as alteracoes morfologicas da mucosa e submucosa do colon distal de ratas com enterite induzida por radiacao ionizante.
Suspected venous air embolism in three horses

Venous air embolism was suspected in 3 hospitalised horses on the basis of an inadvertently open jugular venous line. Subsequently the 3 horses developed clinical signs including cardiovascular collapse, cardiac dysrhythmia, pulmonary oedema, behavioural abnormalities and neurological signs consistent with central nervous system injury. Treatment included intranasal oxygen therapy, i.v. fluid administration and anti-inflammatory therapy. Specific therapy aimed at treating air embolism in man is reviewed, with pertinent therapy potentially applicable to horses emphasised.
The Common Elements of Engagement in Children's Mental Health Services: Which Elements for Which Outcomes?

Using the distillation component of the Distillation and Matching Model framework (Chorpita, Daleiden, & Weisz, 2005), we examined which engagement practices were associated with three domains of treatment engagement: attendance, adherence, and cognitive preparation (e.g., understanding of, readiness for treatment). Eighty-nine engagement interventions from 40 randomized controlled trials in children' s mental health services were coded according to their engagement practices and outcomes. Analyses examined whether the practices used in successful interventions differed according to engagement domain. Practice patterns differed somewhat depending on whether attendance, adherence, or cognitive preparation was the outcome of interest. For example, assessment of barriers to treatment frequently occurred in successful interventions targeting attendance, whereas homework assignment frequently occurred in successful interventions when adherence was the target outcome. Modeling and expectation setting were frequently used in successful interventions targeting cognitive preparation for treatment. Distillation provides a method for examining the practice patterns associated with different engagement outcomes. An example of the application of these findings to clinical practice includes using certain practices (e.g., assessment, psychoeducation about services, and accessibility promotion) with all youth and families to promote attendance, adherence, and cognitive preparation. Then, other practices (e.g., modeling, homework assignment) can be added on an as-needed basis to boost engagement or to address interference in a particular engagement domain. The use of a distillation framework promotes a common language around engagement and highlights practices that lend themselves well to training, thereby promoting the dissemination of engagement interventions.