Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FEA Working Paper No . 2004-9 TRADE DYNAMICS WITH KEY TRADING PARTNERS : IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MALAYSIAN LABOUR MARKET

This study examines the differential impact of bilateral trade flows with key trading partners of Malaysia on the domestic labour market, by investigating imports based on country of origin and trade structure based on the extent of intra-industry trade. The impact of import sources and trade structure is found to be significant on employment, but limited in the case of wages. There is strong evidence of a positive association between imports from Japan and intra-industry trade with Japan on skills, vis-à-vis the other two trading partners. Generally, the impact of trade of Malaysia seems rather paradoxical to the typology of labour demand if one considers the nature of bilateral flows with the key trading partners. * The study forms part of the author’s ongoing research for the Doctoral dissertation at the University of Malaya.
Respiration by “marine snow” at high hydrostatic pressure: Insights from continuous oxygen measurements in a rotating pressure tank

It is generally anticipated that particulate organic carbon (POC) for most part is degraded by attached microorganisms during the descent of “marine snow” aggregates toward the deep sea. There is, however, increasing evidence that fresh aggregates can reach great depth and sustain relatively high biological activity in the deep sea. Using a novel high‐pressure setup, we tested the hypothesis that increasing levels of hydrostatic pressure inhibit POC degradation in aggregates rapidly sinking to the ocean interior. Respiration activity, a proxy for POC degradation, was measured directly and continuously at up to 100 MPa (corresponding to 10 km water depth) in a rotating pressure tank that keeps the aggregates in a sinking mode. Model diatom‐bacteria aggregates, cultures of the aggregate‐forming diatom Skeletonema marinoi, and seawater microbial communities devoid of diatoms showed incomplete and complete inhibition of respiration activity when exposed to pressure levels of 10–50 and 60–100 MPa, respectively. This implies reduced POC degradation and hence enhanced POC export to hadal trenches through fast‐sinking, pressure‐exposed aggregates. Notably, continuous respiration measurements at ≥50 MPa revealed curved instead of linear oxygen time series whenever S. marinoi was present, which was not captured by discrete respiration measurements. These curvatures correspond to alternating phases of high and low respiration activity likely connected to pressure effects on unidentified metabolic processes in S. marinoi.
Forecasting of COVID-19 Reproduction Number by ARIMA Methodology and Quantile Estimation based on Best Fit Distribution by L- moments for Top-10 Affected Countries

We utilized the average weekly estimated reproduction number data of COVID-19 from March (2020–2021). By applying ARIMA and L-moments methodology, short-and-long-term forecasting of R0 is made for Govt. officials and public health experts to take before-time policy measures to control the spread of novel coronavirus. This study helps medical staff to measure the expected demand of COVID-19 vaccine doses. We applied various ARIMA models on each country’s data and the best selected based on RMSE, AIC, and BIC for point and interval forecasting. Application L-Moments techniques selected GLO, GEV, and GNO distributions and quantile estimation with return period calculations. The forecasting shows that maximum countries mean R0 > 1, which is still a serious threat and can lead to heath disaster. The forecasting provided an alarming situation in the coming months for India, France, Turkey, and Spain; health experts should take strict measures because the cases rise due to the high R0 forecast. The USA, Russia, and the UK mean R0 will not suddenly increase; these countries consistent in COVID-19 R0 control. We find that even the significant population differences prevail among selected countries, the R0 is still high in maximum countries, so its a dire need to take strict control actions to minimize the R0 for public safety.
Characterization of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in Algeria

Copyright: © 2021 S. Laala, S. Cesbron, M. Kerkoud, F. Valentini, Z. Bouznad, M. -A. Jacques, C. Manceau. This is an open access, peer-reviewed article published by Firenze University Press (http://www.fupress.com/pm) and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Preschool Children’s Use of Digital Devices and Early Development in Hong Kong: The Role of Family Socioeconomic Status

ABSTRACT Research Findings: This study investigated the relationship between the use of digital devices (DD) by preschool children in Hong Kong and their early development. The moderating role of family socioeconomic status (SES) was also examined. A total of 877 Chinese Hong Kong children aged 3–5 years old from 18 kindergartens and their parents participated in this study. The parents reported their children’s DD use, including whether they used DD, the daily time spent using DD, what they used DD for, and the situations in which they used DD. The Hong Kong Early Child Development Scales and Movement Assessment Battery for Children were used to understand these children’s development in various domains. The results showed that 74.54% of the children had experience using DD. Use of DD and time spent using DD were found to negatively predict children’s performance on General Knowledge, Fine Motor Skills, and Gross Motor Skills. Watching cartoons was found to negatively predict children’s performance on Early Academic Achievement, General Knowledge, and Fine Motor Skills. Children’s DD use before bedtime or on request also had a negative relationship with their performance on Fine Motor Skills. Moreover, SES had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between children’s use of DD before bed and their performance on General Knowledge. Practice or Policy: These findings suggest that parents reduce the time and frequency of their children’s DD use, monitor their DD activities, and prevent them from using DD before bedtime.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIGITAL GAME ADDICTION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS1234

Introduction and Aim: The game, which is as old as human history, has undergone many changes from past to present. The shape and content of the games played together with the developing technology have also changed. The most obvious example of this is digital games, especially since the beginning of the 1980s. At the beginning of the most fundamental criticisms of digital games, which are judged by many different points of view, the structure of these games is to bring the individuals who play the necessary role to a still and passive position. The purpose of this research; Is to examine the level of digital game addiction and physical activity of middle school students in terms of various variables. Method: In the research designed according to the quantitative research model, relational screening was used. A total of 330 participants, 149 female and 181 male, were included in the study. In the study, "Digital Play Dependency Scale for Children" and "Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Scale" were used. Descriptive statistics, t-Test, ANOVA and Correlation analyzes were performed using SPSS 23 package program. Findings: According to the results of the research; Participants' levels of digital game addiction differ significantly in terms of "gender, age, regular sport, daily average playing time". The physical activity levels of the participants show significant differences according to the variables of "daily regular sports training, father education level". Participants were found to have a negative and significant relationship between total scores for "digital game addiction" and "physical activity levels". Results: As a result; It can be said that physical activity-sport can be an important tool in solving the problem of digital play addiction, which is a kind of virtual addiction of the individuals.
Topographical effects on the timing of growing season in alpine grasslands

Context: It is important to understand the responses of alpine vegetation to recent anthropogenic climate change. The mountainous landscapes with high climatic heterogeneity are good locations to investigate the effects of microclimatic variation on alpine ecosystems. Objectives: a) To what degree do topographical factors (aspect and elevation) affect the timing of growing season in alpine grasslands? b) Are these topographical effects different on alpine and non-alpine grasslands? Methods: We extracted five annual growth phenology indices (Start, End, Length, Peak and Peak-NDVI) in alpine and non-alpine grasslands in the Clutha river catchment, New Zealand with a near-daily NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) dataset through 16 years (2001-2016). The shifting rates of these phenology indices were quantified with two topographical factors (aspect and elevation). Results: The start of season was delayed by 7.5, 5.1 and 3.7 days per 100 m higher of elevation in three grassland types (Alpine, Tall Tussock and Low Producing) respectively, and the end of season was advanced by 1.7, 1.3 days and delayed by 0.3 days per 10-degree-south on slopes individually. The longer season length was observed at lower elevation and on north-facing (sunny) slopes. The later season peak occurred at higher elevation and on north-facing slopes. The lower peak NDVI was detected at the higher elevation. Conclusions: In the studied grasslands, aspect and elevation were correlated to different phenological indices, and they affect phenology independently. The topographical effects are more pronounced in alpine ecosystems at the elevation above 1,300 m than in non-alpine ecosystems at lower elevation.
Clinical Supervision of Group Work: A Conceptual Review

Despite the vast amount of group work that is conducted in clinical mental health agencies across the nation, scholarship on the supervision of group work is limited. This article will review the literature pertinent to the supervision of group work and highlight salient research of the supervision of group work with special populations. Recommendations for clinical supervisors and supervisees engaged in group work are provided.
Design and Development of a Prilled Urea Applicator

A prilled urea applicator was designed and developed to increase fertilizer use efficiency. The developed applicator’s aims to place Urea continuously at the subsurface of soil between two rows of plants. A line-to-line distance of 20 cm, depth of prilled urea placement of 5 - 7 cm, and field operating condition at 1 - 1.5 cm standing water (for softening the field) was the designed hypothesis. At the laboratory and farm level, test the developed applicator. The applicator consists of a rectangular frame, two skids and furrow opener, two cylindrical hoppers, and a drive wheel connected with a metering device. The designed applicator was fabricated using PVC, except the push handled (mild steel). The metering device consists of twelve spikes and is made of a metallic plate to apply the Urea uniformly. The applicator has a furrow opener and closer options. The effective field capacity was 0.13 ha/h with a speed of 1.22 km/h and field efficiency of 98%. Due to the continuous falling mechanism, there is no missing option but found the over-falling urea for both hoppers was found 5.35%. The average depth of urea placement was 6.38 cm. The machine was user-friendly to push, and the mean pushing force was 63.89 N. The weight of the applicator was 9 kg. So, it is natural to carry from one field to another field. The applicator is also convenient to handle, operate and manage.
40Ar/39Ar Dating of Phyllonite in the Southern Rocky Mountain Trench and Adjacent Rocky Mountains Unravels Kinematic Links between the Omineca and Foreland Belts of the Southern Canadian Cordillera

This study includes the first set of muscovite, biotite, feldspar, and whole-rock 40Ar/39Ar ages from phyllonite belts of the Southern Rocky Mountain Trench (SRMT) and the western Rocky Mountain fold-thrust belt in the southern Canadian Cordillera. Eleven samples from the northern segment of the SRMT indicate two Early Cretaceous (135 and 125 Ma), two mid-Cretaceous (111 and 96 Ma), and two Late Cretaceous (85 and 75–72 Ma) peaks of transpressional tectonism and define the Southern Rocky Mountain shear zone. Four samples from the adjacent strike-slip Walker Creek fault zone yielded late Valanginian (133 Ma), early Aptian (124 Ma), and Albian-Cenomanian (111–96 Ma) ages, with Late Cretaceous (85–68 Ma) overprint. The oblique compression Bear Foot thrust (72 Ma) and its footwall, the Valemount strain zone, yielded consistent, late Campanian to earliest Maastrichtian plateau ages. Poorly recrystallized phyllonite samples from the Monarch, Moose Pass, and Chatter Creek thrust faults in the Rockies yielded ages consistent with a late Valanginian (134–131 Ma) tectonic event. The new structural and geochronological data indicate apparently distinct pulses of protracted orogen-parallel Cretaceous tectonism along the western margin of the Rockies and the eastern margin of the Omineca belt and document the kinematic link between the Foreland belt and its hinterland through a wide zone of transpression. These ages are also consistent with previously reported ages of thrusts in the Rockies accompanied by significant depositional changes in the foreland basin. The Early Cretaceous transpression (~135 and ~125 Ma) propagated into the western Rockies as previously unrecognized, out-of-sequence thrusting pulses that may have triggered the development of the forebulge responsible for the vast sub-Cadomin–sub-Manville unconformity in the foreland basin.
A mechanistic particle flux model applied to the oceanic phosphorus cycle

The sinking and decomposition of particulate or- ganic matter are critical processes in the ocean's biological pump, but are poorly understood and crudely represented in biogeochemical models. Here we present a mechanistic par- ticle remineralization and sinking model (PRiSM) that solves the evolution of the particle size distribution with depth. The model can represent a wide range of particle flux profiles, depending on the surface particle size distribution, the re- lationships between particle size, mass and sinking veloc- ity, and the rate of particle mass loss during decomposition. The particle flux model is embedded in a data-constrained ocean circulation and biogeochemical model with a simple P cycle. Surface particle size distributions are derived from satellite remote sensing, and the remaining uncertain param- eters governing particle dynamics are tuned to achieve an optimal fit to the global distribution of phosphate. The res- olution of spatially variable particle sizes has a significant effect on modeled organic matter production rates, increas- ing production in oligotrophic regions and decreasing pro- duction in eutrophic regions compared to a model that as- sumes spatially uniform particle sizes and sinking speeds. The mechanistic particle model can reproduce global nutri- ent distributions better than, and sediment trap fluxes as well as, other commonly used empirical formulas. However, these two independent data constraints cannot be simultaneously matched in a closed P budget commonly assumed in ocean models. Through a systematic addition of model processes, we show that the apparent discrepancy between particle flux and nutrient data can be resolved through P burial, but only if that burial is associated with a slowly decaying component of organic matter such as might be achieved through protection by ballast minerals. Moreover, the model solution that best matches both data sets requires a larger rate of P burial (and compensating inputs) than have been previously estimated. Our results imply a marine P inventory with a residence time of a few thousand years, similar to that of the dynamic N cycle.
A technological study on the 17th century raised gilded substrates in three royal palaces of Isfahan, Iran

The raised substrates of gilding decorations, called lāyachīnīī in Persian, were widely used throughout the Safavid period (1501-1736 AD) in Iran. This paper presents the first analytical data obtained from the lāyachīnīs of three seventeenth century royal Safavid buildings (ʿAlī- Qāpū, Chihil-Sutūn, and Hasht-Bihisht) in Isfahan, Iran, using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, Xray powder diffraction, and thin layer chromatography. According to the analytical data, different forms of calcium sulfate (dihydrate, β-hemihydrate, and anhydrite), the red iron oxides, and a proteinaceous binder (probably animal glue) are the main constituents of the raised lāyachīnī substrates. The results show that a dry mixture of the plaster of Paris and the red iron oxides are mixed with diluted animal glue to obtain a slurry to be applied in several layers, one top of the another, to achieve the raised substrates. This technique is similar to those European raised pastiglia substrates although the method of the preparation in the Persian technique is different from the European one.
Mobile Augmented Reality Technologies for Autism Spectrum Disorder Interventions: A Systematic Literature Review

Over the past decade, enhanced computing capabilities and mobile technologies have begotten the upsurge of innovative mobile health (mHealth) solutions, and many research efforts have occurred recently in the area of technology-based interventions (TBI) for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mobile augmented reality (MAR) refers to AR systems that use the handheld mobile device medium (mobile phones, tablets or smart glasses). This article reports the results of a systematic review undertaken on the use of MAR for ASD-related skills learning from the year 2010. It aims to provide an insight into the current state of research on MAR interventions and to provide guidance to relevant designers and researchers. We searched seven databases and retrieved 625 articles initially. After exclusion and screening, 36 articles were reviewed reporting on using MAR to improve various skills of children and adolescents with ASD, and 10 research questions related to PICO (P: Population, I: Intervention, C: Comparison, O: Outcomes) were addressed. This study identifies challenges that still exist in the research efforts towards the development of applications exploiting the MAR for ASD interventions: technology issues, research design consideration, subjective assessment etc. The studies examined suggest researchers should focus on users and improve the quality of the MAR app. In addition, more effective research methods and evaluation methods could be involved in future studies to facilitate the development of MAR intervention applications.
Manipulating Facebook’s Notification System to Provide Evidence of Techno-Social Engineering

Techno-social engineering (TSE) theory argues that digital platforms shape and program human behaviors. We provide empirical evidence of this theory by introducing a novel method to conduct in-network studies on Facebook. We manipulate Facebook’s birthday notification system by recruiting confederates to change their birthday to a randomly assigned date and then measure network members’ responses in terms of whether they leave a greeting or question the veracity of the date. TSE theory leads us to expect that more participants will wish happy birthday on the fake date than question its veracity. We explore variables expected to predict heterogeneity in terms of response: prior birthday wish behavior, friends in common between the confederate and participant, and tie strength. All variables are associated with an increased likelihood of responding to the stimulus; however, none of these variables predict how individuals respond. Even participants who knew the confederate’s birthday and tracked it off-line were still tricked by the stimulus. Results offer empirical evidence supporting TSE theory and provide a new method for studying human–computer interaction.
Consolidation characteristics of ferrous-based metal powder in additive manufacturing

Selective Laser Sintering/Selective Laser Melting (SLS/SLM) is one of the most promising additive manufacturing (AM) techniques that are widely accepted by the industrial community. This is due to its high flexibility in processing different types of material under various conditions. However, the capability of the end product to have a desirable quality comparable to traditional processing techniques is still not achievable. Consolidation characteristics and the influence of processing parameters are important in determining the SLS/SLM part quality. In this paper, the consolidation process of ferrous-based metal powder is examined by monitoring the real-time consolidation process. A high-speed camera was utilized with telescopic lenses in order to monitor the interaction of laser and material within the powder fusion zone (PFZ). Based on the study, the line consolidation can be classified into five different consolidation types. The line consolidation characteristics were analyzed according to the line consolidation width, PFZ, consolidated agglomerate diameter and metal particle splattering behavior. The influence of laser power and scan speed on these characteristics was analyzed. It was also found that the line consolidation width, PFZ, consolidated agglomerate diameter and splattering were increasing with the increase of laser power. In contrast, with the increase of scan speed the result was vice versa. These phenomena can be explained with respect to the heat transfer behavior that took place during the interaction between the laser beam, metal powder and substrate surface. The consolidation mechanism that occurred during consolidation is also reported.
An experimental platform for pulsed-power driven magnetic reconnection

We describe a versatile pulsed-power driven platform for magnetic reconnection experiments, based on exploding wire arrays driven in parallel [Suttle, L. G. et al. PRL, 116, 225001]. This platform produces inherently magnetised plasma flows for the duration of the generator current pulse (250 ns), resulting in a long-lasting reconnection layer. The layer exists for long enough to allow evolution of complex processes such as plasmoid formation and movement to be diagnosed by a suite of high spatial and temporal resolution laser-based diagnostics. We can access a wide range of magnetic reconnection regimes by changing the wire material or moving the electrodes inside the wire arrays. We present results with aluminium and carbon wires, in which the parameters of the inflows and the layer which forms are significantly different. By moving the electrodes inside the wire arrays, we change how strongly the inflows are driven. This enables us to study both symmetric reconnection in a range of different regimes, and asymmetric reconnection.
Foreclosure Spillovers within broad Neighborhoods

This paper tests for the spillover effects of foreclosure within broad neighborhoods. The best evidence that foreclosures have causal, spillover effects on housing prices and future foreclosures suggest highly localized spillover effects that are modest in magnitude, but these effects could multiply when the density of spillovers is high leading to larger aggregate effects in broader neighborhoods. We test this proposition by developing a proxy for the fraction of housing units/mortgages that are expected to be in negative equity during the crises. This proxy exploits the timing of purchases in each tract during the run up to the crisis, and we show that our source of identification, within tract variation in purchases over time, is not predicted the observed mortgage attributes. Our estimates suggest that 67 percent of the increase in the across tract dispersion in the recording of new foreclosure recordings can be explained by the spillover effects of the contemporaneous stock of foreclosures.