Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adolescents Nutrition Knowledge: A mixed methods Research.

Background Poor nutrition has been associated with lack of nutrition education, which leads to chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, obesity and coronary artery diseases. The objectives of the study were to evaluate learners’ knowledge of nutrition education principles and to determine how the knowledge of nutrition principles could be improved among learners. Methods Mixed methods cross-sectional research with application of semi-structured face-to-face interviews and a structured questionnaire were used to collect data. Eight stake-holders participated in the qualitative component of the study while 108 learners from 8 different schools responded to the questionnaire. The qualitative data was analyzed by coding and categorizing the data into themes and sub-themes while the quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS yielding frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. Results A significant proportion of learners lacked the nutrition knowledge due to the absence of health promotion campaigns in the schools and teaching of the nutrition principles was only limited to Life Science in the high school curriculum. Majority (56%) of the learners were taught nutrition education at primary school mainly in the Life Orientation curriculum while less than 2% were taught in grade 11 and 12. About 92% of the learners were not aware of the nutritional value of fruits, vegetables, milk and fats. Conclusions Incorporation of nutrition education in a compulsory subject in high school and in-school nutrition education sessions in school gatherings that involve various stakeholders is critical in improving the nutrition knowledge of stakeholders. Such interventions will assist in curbing diet related chronic diseases.
AEC Blueprint Implementation Performance and Challenges: Standards and Conformance

ASEAN aims to reduce, if not eliminate, technical barriers to trade through standards and conformance (SC nonetheless, the progress varied across sectors and across member states. The main challenges include technical capacity, physical infrastructure, governance, and some countryspecific and sector-specific challenges. The paper concludes with recommendations for ASEAN S&C initiatives post-2015.
Analysis of Airborne Magnetometer Data from Tests at Isleta Pueblo, New Mexico, February 2003

Abstract : The purpose of this technical document is to provide results of IDA s evaluation of data collected by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) airborne magnetometer systems in testing conducted at Isleta Pueblo, New Mexico, during February 2003. We first give a brief description of the test areas and the data collected. We then summarize the detailed analysis to allow the reader to understand the basis upon which conclusions are drawn.
High-precision monitoring of compliance with fuel sulfur content through UAV measurements of ship emissions

Abstract. Efficient supervision of ship emissions is currently a major concern of maritime authorities. A potential solution is the establishment of Emission Control Areas (ECAs), through which pollution from ship exhaust gas can be reduced. Nevertheless, ECAs should be strictly monitored to control ship emissions and maintain a healthy environment. In this study, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based measurement system for exhaust gas from ships was designed and developed. Waigaoqiao port in the Yangtze River Delta, an ECA in China, was selected for monitoring compliance with fuel sulfur content. Unlike in situ or airborne measurements, the proposed measurement could be used to determine the smoke plume at about 5 m from the chimney mouth of ships, providing a means for estimating the fuel sulfur content (FSC) of ship. In order to verify the accuracy of this measurement, fuel samples were collected and sent to the laboratory for chemical examination, and these two types of measurements were compared. After more than 20 comparative experiments, the results show that, in general, the deviation of the estimated value for FSC is less than 0.03 % (m m−1). Hence, UAV measurement can be used for high-precision monitoring of ECAs for compliance with FSC.
Analytic Formulation of Unsteady Profile Aerodynamics and its Application to Simulation of Rotors

The steady aerodynamics characteristics of airfoils are represented by analytical formulas. Unsteady aerodynamics are modeled using the approximations to the Wagner and Kussner functions. The dynamic stall angle of attack is modeled in a similar way. The results are validated using steady and dynamic experimental data in attached and separated flow. Finally the application to helicopter rotor simulation is shown.
A Functional Shape Parametrization Approach for Preliminary Optimization of Unconventional Aircraft

The paper introduces a functional shape parametrization approach for the design and the optimization of unconventional aircraft configurations. The proposed design methodology is tailored for the preliminary design stages, and it is based on the use of mixed fidelity simulations. The approach is integrated in the DLR collaborative design framework, which makes use of a centralized model, and distributed analysis modules. The overall design process is applied for the multidisciplinary shape optimization of a Blended Wing Body configuration, including a large number of design variables. Single and multi-objectives optimization problems are formulated, and the optima designs are compared and discussed.
Reliabilty, Test, and IDDQ Measurements

IDDQ measurements are strongly identified with CMOS IC testing, however IDDQ also has long term links to IC reliability. This paper overviews the association of reliability and IDDQ testing. Three reliability topics are discussed: fundamental failure mechanisms, the relation of IDDQ to burn-in, and the use of test data to predict reliability performance.
Lessons learned and future challenges for design observatory research

Video observation has been used for ethnographic studies for decades and is becoming more popular in engineering design research. This paper presents some of the lessons learned of using design observation in research. The paper focuses on the design and usage of physical environments designed specifically for design team observation - Design Observatories (DO) . The paper argues that in the past DO focused on observation, whereas DO of the future will provide real time analysis and the possibility to intervene to improve the design activity. Five different types of studies are identified and categorized. Three different design observatories and the rationale for their design are described, as well as twelve design studies ranging from short experiments to long ethnographic studies in industry. Finally, the implications for design observatory research are presented - DO must support an iterative research approach, since design experiments are emergent and are not defined up front. There is a need for a more longitudinal capture of data and the emergence of robust coding schemes that enable machine coding needs to be supported.
Adaptive Landing Gear for Improved Taxi Performance.

Abstract : Taxi performance in terms of airplane CG acceleration for the KC-135, T-43A, and YC-14 type main gear are calculated with a digital simulation. Simple landing gear oleo modifications, such as bypass orifices and dual stage air chambers, are proposed and evaluated and reduce CG (RMS) acceleration by as much as 47%. Improved taxi performance also results in reduced gear loads when bomb crater repair patches are encountered with the KC-135 and YC-14 type gear. Fatigue damage due to taxi on austere fields decreases by 6% or more. However, fatigue damage due to taxi on prepared fields is not affected by the proposed oleo modification. (Author)
The barriers to adoption of recommended fertiliser use practices by sugarcane growers in the Wet Tropics

The dominant scientific paradigm holds sugarcane growers' cultivation practices responsible for the greatest amount of soil and nutrient run-off flowing from the Wet Tropics coast to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon. Despite strong encouragement from governmental agencies, coupled with proposed gains from reduced costs and increased levels of sugar content after reducing fertiliser use, sugarcane growers have been reluctant to alter their fertiliser practices – a situation that has puzzled Reef protection scientists. This study originally set out to understand grower's reluctance, and involved eighty-two in-depth interviews with sugar industry representatives (growers, mill agents) from two case study areas in the Wet Tropics region and other stakeholders with interests in the industry's environmental performance (scientists, policy makers). This qualitative methodology was used to interrogate participants' values, interests and beliefs, which in turn motivated their actions and views regarding fertiliser usage. Ecological Modernisation Theory (EMT) provided the initial conceptual framing for understanding the way different sectors of the sugar industry responded to the recommended environmental practice. Yet through this EMT lens important economic, social and environmental issues emerged that suggested that the proposed benefits of the science and technology offered to the sugar industry were fraught with problems. Moreover, knowledge disputes about the validity and contested nature of the dominant science became an important component of the analysis – especially as these highlighted the power relations of different stakeholders. Foucault's notion of the knowledge/power nexus and associated debates about eco-governmentality provided an additional conceptual framing of the sugar industry and its governance. The combined EMT and Foucauldian analysis of sugarcane growers' reasons for not reducing fertiliser use provided insights into the problems associated with the reliance urban bureaucrats place on scientific expertise to inform natural resource management (NRM) policy without consulting local rural peoples' knowledge. Effective, acceptable and sustainable environmental policy relies on well-briefed policy makers who can account for the validity and potential social and economic impacts of their policies. This study's method of investigation could contribute to better ways of working with farmers on issues of environmental management. Granting more credence and respect for rural people's knowledge will lead to more sustainable NRM policy development outcomes through a more democratic process of making decisions that ultimately affect the livelihoods of those farmers.
Teaching Religion OR about Religion: The Paradox of Religious Education in Secondary Schools in Uganda

The article reviews the teaching of Religious Education in schools in Uganda. Uganda is a religiously pluralistic country with Christianity and Islam the most popular. Ugandans are theists, their worldview is religious and they are passionate about their faiths. Therefore, Religious Education is a fundamental subject since the early years of education as it marked the beginning of formal education in Uganda. However, whilst Uganda has a diversity of religions such as Christianity with its different sects, Islam and its sects, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism, the education system considers only Islam and Christianity. Therefore, the article discusses whether the teaching of Religious Education where only Christianity and Islam are considered is justified to be referred to as Religious Education. The article concludes that there is a mismatch between the NCDC (2008) stated goals, objectives and content of Religious Education. The objectives and goals portray a false image that RE is intended to expose learners and to achieve educational purposes. Yet, the content, approaches and teaching methods are quite contradictory. The implementation of RE in Uganda is purely confessional; it does not aim at educational goals but at deepening learners' faith distinctively. Instead of teaching about religion, learners are taught religion. The article is based on documentary analysis of the Religious Education curriculum, syllabi and teachers' and learners' handbook documents. In addition, the article analysed literature about the teaching of Religious Education including the aims and goals of Religious Education, the pedagogical approaches, methods and techniques in Religious Education in modern pluralistic communities. In identifying the appropriate literature, suitable databases were identified and used Boolean operators and proper search terms, phrases and conjunctions were used. To further ensure the credibility of the reviewed publications for analysis, only peer-reviewed journal articles with ISBN numbers and Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) were used
Seismic recordings in the northeastern United States of the Shagan River nuclear test of 14 September 1988. Final report, 1 Oct 88-30 Sep 89

Abstract : On 14 September, the USSR conducted an announced nuclear test as part of the US-USSR Joint Verification Experiment (JVE) called for in the protocols of the Threshold Test Ban Treaty of 1974. The test, code named SHAGAN, was detonated at the Shagan River test area in eastern Kazakh SSR. For this nuclear test, a small-aperture array in New Hampshire and a small five station network located in the Adirondack Mountains of New York State were operated. The following report describes the data taken during this experiment and preliminary analysis of the arrival time and magnitude estimates from the data. The results of this analysis are consistent with those from previous studies.
Effect of being religious on wellbeing in a predominantly atheist country: Explorative study on wellbeing, fitness, physical and mental health

Despite a large volume of research on the impact of religion on different aspects of life, there is still a lack of studies from post-communist countries. In the current study, we aimed to fill this gap by investigating the relationship between religion and wellbeing, physical and mental health, education, sexual behavior and biological fitness among the Czech population. We managed to collect responses from 31633 participants and divided the sample into seven categories based on the type of religious belief and denomination (nonbelievers, believers without denomination, Catholics, Evangelicals, Hussites, Buddhists, Jews). We focused on the wellbeing as our main factor, which we define as composed of a number of sub-variables: physical and mental health, economic situation, self-attractiveness and the quality of the romantic relationship. In contrast to previous studies, we found a negative correlation between religiosity and physical and mental health. On the other hand, religiosity was connected to higher fitness, higher self-rated honesty and altruism, and lower sexual activity, which is in accord with the data from the western countries. Our findings suggest that even though Czechs had experienced years of oppression during the Communist regime, religion and religious beliefs still have considerable impact on their quality of life.
Fine surface finishing method for 3-dimensional micro structures

We developed a new finishing method using an advanced ECM (electrochemical machining) assisted by fine abrasive grains in order to finish surfaces of 3-dimensional micro components used in MEMS. With the method, a fine surface of selected micro-area, which is not obtained by micro-EDM (electrodischarge machining) nor conventional ECM, is created in a few minutes. We also developed an advanced machine which has a performance to make 3-D complicated micro structures with fine surfaces by the combination of the micro-EDM and the developed finishing method. The performance is achieved by a sequential process without workpiece handling from the micro-EDM to the finishing. Using the new machine, we obtained a high precision shaft with a mirror-like surface. The result is satisfactory to apply the method to make a cylindrical substrate for a rotor of micro wobble motor. We are sure that the process will be applied to producing practical micro mechanical components.
Advanced Gun System (AGS) Dynamic Characterization: Modal Test and Analysis, High-Frequency Analysis.

Abstract : Dynamic characterization tests were performed on the Advanced Gun System (AGS) vehicle. The tests were designed to provide modeling information for high-frequency shock prediction codes, as well as finite element codes. These data obtained were also used to validate the modeling codes. The vehicle was analyzed in a full-up condition with the turret attached. A model analysis was performed to a maximum frequency of 100 Hz. The high-frequency characterization was performed up to 10 kHz. Methodologies to extract damping estimate up to 10 kHz were developed and implemented. Damping estimates up to 10 kHz were extracted from the structural data obtained during this test.
Similarity Of R&D Activities, Physical Proximity, and The Extent Of R&D Spillovers

The diffusion of knowledge generates positive externalities if knowledge flows increase the productivity of Research and Development (R&D) by the recipients of these flows. This paper investigates the extent to which this positive spillover effect of knowledge diffusion depends on the similarity of research activities by the originator and recipient of the knowledge. The paper also investigates at what rate these spillover effects diminish as the distance between the originator and recipient increases. We find, using regional patent and R&D expenditure data from the European Union, that similarity between R&D activities is not only statistically significant, but salient: regions with completely dissimilar R&D activities exhibit essentially no spillovers at all. We also find an increase in the distance between the originating and recipient region by 550 kilometres reduces spillovers by 75% (as low as 55% in some specifications). Unlike much of the extant literature, the rate of spatial decay of spillovers is estimated jointly with the remaining parameters of the model rather than through specification searches over a set of alternative weight matrices. Our results are robust to the inclusion of unobserved country effects and border barriers.
Development of 2D casting process CAD system based on PDF/image files

A casting process CAD is put forward to design and draw casting process. The 2D casting process CAD, most of the current systems are developed based on one certain version of the AutoCAD system. However the application of these 2D casting process CAD systems in foundry enterprises are restricted because they have several deficiencies, such as being overly dependent on the AutoCAD system, and some part files based on PDF format can not be opened directly. To overcome these deficiencies, for the first time an innovative 2D casting process CAD system based on PDF and image format file has been proposed, which breaks through the traditional research and application notion of the 2D casting process CAD system based on AutoCAD. Several key technologies of this system such as coordinate transformation, CAD interactive drawing, file storage, PDF and image format files display, and image recognition technologies were described in detail. A practical 2D CAD casting process system named HZCAD2D(PDF) was developed, which is capable of designing and drawing the casting process on the part drawing based on the PDF format directly, without spending time on drawing the part produced by AutoCAD system. Finally, taking two actual castings as examples, the casting processes were drawn using this system, demonstrating that this system can significantly shorten the cycle of casting process designing.
Design Concepts for RF-DC Conversion in Particle Accelerator Systems

In many particle accelerators considerable amounts of RF power reaching the megawatt level are converted into heat in dummy loads. After an overview of RF power in the range 200 MHz to 1 GHz dissipated at CERN we discuss several developments that have come up in the past using vacuum tube technology for RF-DC conversion. Amongst those the developments of the cyclotron wave converter CWC appears most suitable. With the availability of powerful Schottky diodes the solid state converter aspect has to be addressed as well. One of the biggest problems of Schottky diode based structures is the junction capacity. GaAs and GaN Schottky diodes show a significant reduction of this junction capacity as compared to silicon. Small rectenna type converter units which have been already developed for microwave powered helicopters can be used in waveguides or with coaxial power dividers.
CODE PROVISIONS FOR HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

This article compares some of the provisions from five different codes of practice--the American Concrete Institute Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, the Comite Euro-International du Beton Model Code, the European Committee for Standardization for Design of Concrete Structures, the Canadian Standards Association for Design of Concrete Structures and the Standards Association of New Zealand Concrete Design Standard--for the structural design of elements made with high strength concrete. While codes from different countries have similar objectives, they sometimes have significant differences in their requirements for the design of high-strength concrete members. These differences often reflect the region/country's prior state of the art and tradition. Provisions concerning compressive strength limits, load and resistance factors, specified and characteristic strengths, modulus of elasticity, concrete tensile strength, minimum reinforcement for flexure, stress distributions for determining the nominal resistances under flexure and axial loads, and column confinement for seismic design are compared.
Managing Supply Chain Disruptions

Abstract : Supply Chain Management has become an important part of the business environment and the U.S. economy. The move towards improved efficiency and effectiveness for businesses, organizations, and process owners has forced many managers to think beyond traditional management techniques utilized in typical functional paradigms. As these supply chain process have become more streamlined the issue of increased risk and uncertainty has become ever more important. Many methods of controlling risk have been introduced and utilized by the research and practitioner fields, however, few provide a holistic view of what causes uncertainty, methods of dealing with that uncertainty, and how these methods are adopted by an organization. This dissertation research effort incorporates three distinct efforts combined under a single umbrella topic. The first paper focuses on the underlying cause of uncertainty by proposing multiple levels of interdependence experienced by organizations within a hypothetical supply chain. Coordination strategies are then identified as coping mechanisms for interdependence issues. The second paper in this series focuses on one specific method of coordination, the contingency planning process. Characteristics of a contingency planning process are identified and their relationship to organizational flexibility is measured utilizing a regression technique. The third portion of the umbrella research effort addresses contingency planning as an innovation. Based on the research in paper two, contingency planning is a useful coordination technique for dealing with supply chain disruptions. This paper explores the attributes of a planning process that will most likely lead to successful innovation adoption. Each model presents broad perspective based on current literature and, hopefully, provides the foundation for many future research efforts.