Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on early risk predictive model and discriminative feature selection of cancer based on real-world routine physical examination data

most cancers at early stages show no obvious symptoms and curative treatment is not an option any more when cancer is diagnosed. Therefore, making accurate predictions for the risk of early cancer has become urgently necessary in the field of medicine. In this paper, our purpose is to fully utilize real-world routine physical examination data to analyze the most discriminative features of cancer based on ReliefF algorithm and generate early risk predictive model of cancer taking advantage of three machine learning (ML) algorithms. We use physical examination data with a return visit followed 1 month later derived from CiMing Health Checkup Center. The ReliefF algorithm selects the top 30 features written as Sub(30) based on weight value from our data collections consisting of 34 features and 2300 candidates. The 4-layer (2 hidden layers) deep neutral network (DNN) based on B-P algorithm, the support machine vector with the linear kernel and decision tree CART are proposed for predicting the risk of cancer by 5-fold cross validation. We implement these criteria such as predictive accuracy, AUC-ROC, sensitivity and specificity to identify the discriminative ability of three proposed method for cancer. The results show that compared with the other two methods, SVM obtains higher AUC and specificity of 0.926 and 95.27%, respectively. The superior predictive accuracy (86%) is achieved by DNN. Moreover, the fuzzy interval of threshold in DNN is proposed and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of DNN is 90.20%, 94.22% and 93.22%, respectively, using the revised threshold interval. The research indicates that the application of ML methods together with risk feature selection based on real-world routine physical examination data is meaningful and promising in the area of cancer prediction.
The rate monotonic scheduling algorithm: exact characterization and average case behavior

An exact characterization of the ability of the rate monotonic scheduling algorithm to meet the deadlines of a periodic task set is represented. In addition, a stochastic analysis which gives the probability distribution of the breakdown utilization of randomly generated task sets is presented. It is shown that as the task set size increases, the task computation times become of little importance, and the breakdown utilization converges to a constant determined by the task periods. For uniformly distributed tasks, a breakdown utilization of 88% is a reasonable characterization. A case is shown in which the average-case breakdown utilization reaches the worst-case lower bound of C.L. Liu and J.W. Layland (1973). <<ETX>>
Hepatic Steatosis in Cage-Reared Young Cobia, Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766), in Brazil

Hepatic Steatosis in Cage-Reared Young Cobia, Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766), in Brazil This article discusses the pathophysiology of hepatic steatosis in cage-reared cobias from two fish farms with low growth rate record and predisposition to opportunistic diseases. We performed necropsies of cobias with a history of slow growth, high mortality, lethargy, fin ulceration, skin depigmentation, physical deformities, and certain external parasites. Macroscopically, liver volume was increased with pale, softened and friable consistency.
VeNet: A framework for the analysis of protein interaction networks through vector space embedding

Graph data structures are commonly used in computer science for modelling real objects in a large number of applications. For instance, in bioinformatics and computational biology they are used to model proteins and their interactions in a living organism. In such a scenario nodes model proteins while edges represent interactions among them. Thus, graph based pattern recognition algorithms may be used to extract biologically meaningful knowledge from data. Such algorithms are in general computationally expensive. Conversely, vector-based representation are semantically less-powerful but enable the use of a large class of efficient algorithms. A possible solution for the trade-off among semantic expressiveness and computational tractability of representation is realized by a two step process: (i) the transformation of graph structures into vectors, (ii) the use of vector based pattern recognition algorithms. Despite this possibility, the use of such a workflow for protein interaction data remains still an unexplored field. This paper presents a methodology for the embedding of graphs representing protein interaction network into vectors and the subsequent analysis. The presented methodology is implemented into an available tool, VeNEt, showing the effectiveness of such an approach in a case study. VeNEt is easily customisable so it may be used in a large class of problems in biological networks.
Morphological Abnormalities in Experimental Teratology: Need for a Standardization of the Current Terminology

The teratologist's main ethical aim in experimental procedures is to analyse specimens thoroughly so as to bring to light any potential adverse effects of the agent being tested after contact with the maternal organism. The results must be pondered, organized and expressed using agreed technical terms whose purpose is to reflect the exact scientific meaning of the findings. The analytical review must then be summarized, so as to present a clear but concise picture that is easily interpreted. However, there are many sources of differences between laboratories: the depth in which they analyse specimens and the weight they attribute to each finding; the way they organize and classify findings and – last but not least – the terms they use to describe them. All these factors may in the end influence judgements of the severity of an effect observed. Thus findings from different organisations are not always comparable. Considering, therefore, that most major laboratories and their staff have built up long years of experience, the time has surely come to seek some form of Operative and Co‐Operative standardization. This would not only assure the quality of work done everywhere, but also reach the aim, through uniformity of technical terminology, of a better understanding among non‐teratologists and easier agreement among teratologists.
A cache-aware scheduling algorithm for embedded systems

The paper presents a methodology for scheduling real time tasks in embedded systems where the task layout is known at design time and does not change at execution time (static systems) and where the cache miss costs are significant when compared to the normal execution time of the tasks. The scheduling model assumes a time driven dispatching of the application tasks which are ordered in a pre defined sequence. Building such a sequence in a way that is not only efficient but accounts for optimal cache sequencing is the aim of our method. The refinement of the schedule towards an optimal solution is done by simulated annealing techniques. The evaluation of the schedules is done by considering the effects of instruction caching when evaluating the computation time of the tasks.
Stoichiometry and Architecture of Active DNA Replication Machinery in Escherichia coli

Forking Replisomes Replisomes are multiprotein machines that replicate DNA. Significant insight into how they work comes from in vitro studies, but how replisomes are organized in living cells has remained unclear. Reyes-Lamothe et al. (p. 498) have watched the replisome in living Escherichia coli cells using single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy with millisecond time resolution. Cells expressing fluorescent derivatives of 10 different replisome components revealed both the stoichiometry and spatial distribution of the components at active replication forks in Escherichia coli. A similar technique could be used to study other molecular machines as they function. Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy reveals the organization of the replisome in living bacterial cells. The multiprotein replisome complex that replicates DNA has been extensively characterized in vitro, but its composition and architecture in vivo is unknown. Using millisecond single-molecule fluorescence microscopy in living cells expressing fluorescent derivatives of replisome components, we have examined replisome stoichiometry and architecture. Active Escherichia coli replisomes contain three molecules of the replicative polymerase, rather than the historically accepted two. These are associated with three molecules of τ, a clamp loader component that trimerizes polymerase. Only two of the three sliding clamps are always associated with the core replisome. Single-strand binding protein has a broader spatial distribution than the core components, with 5 to 11 tetramers per replisome. This in vivo technique could provide single-molecule insight into other molecular machines.
Sewage Treatment with Anammox

Wastewater treatment including high rate anammox processes have the potential to become energy-neutral or even energy-producing. Organic matter must be removed from sewage to protect the quality of the water bodies that it is discharged to. Most current sewage treatment plants are aimed at removing organic matter only. They are energy-inefficient, whereas potentially the organic matter could be regarded as a source of energy. However, organic carbon is not the only pollutant in sewage: Fixed nitrogen such as ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) must be removed to avoid toxic algal blooms in the environment. Conventional wastewater treatment systems for nitrogen removal require a lot of energy to create aerobic conditions for bacterial nitrification, and also use organic carbon to help remove nitrate by bacterial denitrification (see the figure). An alternative approach is the use of anoxic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria, which require less energy (1) but grow relatively slowly. We explore process innovations that can speed up the anammox process and use all organic matter as much as possible for energy generation.
Measuring Subjective Well-Being

How should human happiness and life-satisfaction be assessed? What is progress, and how should we measure the well-being of a population? The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has held two major conferences on the subject, and last year, President Sarkozy of France established a distinguished commission to report on the same questions (1). This major debate reflects the fact that higher national income has not brought the better quality of life that many expected, and surveys in the United States show no increase in happiness over the past 60 years. These surveys rely on questions about subjective well-being, and it is reasonable to ask how reliable survey answers are as measures of the quality of life as people experience it. On page 576 of this issue (2), Oswald and Wu carry out an interesting test of this. First they measure subjective well-being in each U.S. state, and then compare it with the average objectively measured wage in the same U.S. state (both variables being controlled for personal factors). The negative correlation of the two variables is remarkably high—as it should be if higher wages are compensating for a lower experienced quality of life (and vice versa). The study will likely stimulate some lively debate across many disciplines, including scientists, economists, sociologists, psychologists, and policy-makers.
Mutations in DCC Cause Congenital Mirror Movements

Humans who display involuntary symmetrical limb movements carry mutations in a gene required for nerve growth across the midline. Mirror movements are involuntary contralateral movements that mirror voluntary ones and are often associated with defects in midline crossing of the developing central nervous system. We studied two large families, one French Canadian and one Iranian, in which isolated congenital mirror movements were inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. We found that affected individuals carried protein-truncating mutations in DCC (deleted in colorectal carcinoma), a gene on chromosome 18q21.2 that encodes a receptor for netrin-1, a diffusible protein that helps guide axon growth across the midline. Functional analysis of the mutant DCC protein from the French Canadian family revealed a defect in netrin-1 binding. Thus, DCC has an important role in lateralization of the human nervous system.
LRO-LAMP Observations of the LCROSS Impact Plume

Watering the Moon About a year ago, a spent upper stage of an Atlas rocket was deliberately crashed into a crater at the south pole of the Moon, ejecting a plume of debris, dust, and vapor. The goal of this event, the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) experiment, was to search for water and other volatiles in the soil of one of the coldest places on the Moon: the permanently shadowed region within the Cabeus crater. Using ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectroscopy data from accompanying craft, Colaprete et al. (p. 463; see the news story by Kerr; see the cover) found evidence for the presence of water and other volatiles within the ejecta cloud. Schultz et al. (p. 468) monitored the different stages of the impact and the resulting plume. Gladstone et al. (p. 472), using an ultraviolet spectrograph onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), detected H2, CO, Ca, Hg, and Mg in the impact plume, and Hayne et al. (p. 477) measured the thermal signature of the impact and discovered that it had heated a 30 to 200 square-meter region from ∼40 kelvin to at least 950 kelvin. Paige et al. (p. 479) mapped cryogenic zones predictive of volatile entrapment, and Mitrofanov et al. (p. 483) used LRO instruments to confirm that surface temperatures in the south polar region persist even in sunlight. In all, about 155 kilograms of water vapor was emitted during the impact; meanwhile, the LRO continues to orbit the Moon, sending back a stream of data to help us understand the evolution of its complex surface structures. A controlled spacecraft impact into a crater in the lunar south pole plunged through the lunar soil, revealing water and other volatiles. On 9 October 2009, the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) sent a kinetic impactor to strike Cabeus crater, on a mission to search for water ice and other volatiles expected to be trapped in lunar polar soils. The Lyman Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP) ultraviolet spectrograph onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) observed the plume generated by the LCROSS impact as far-ultraviolet emissions from the fluorescence of sunlight by molecular hydrogen and carbon monoxide, plus resonantly scattered sunlight from atomic mercury, with contributions from calcium and magnesium. The observed light curve is well simulated by the expansion of a vapor cloud at a temperature of ~1000 kelvin, containing ~570 kilograms (kg) of carbon monoxide, ~140 kg of molecular hydrogen, ~160 kg of calcium, ~120 kg of mercury, and ~40 kg of magnesium.
Political orientation detection on Korean newspapers via sentence embedding and deep learning

In Korea, authors of the newspaper article tend to express their intention indirectly, that is, they choose a method to leave out some important facts, or sometimes uses biased terms to support their opinion. Since they're not expressing their opinion directly, detecting the political bias is a difficult task. In this paper, we propose a method to detect political bias in the Korean articles by first building word vectors and sentence vectors, and second do a DBN-Training with those vectors and finally do a regression with SVM to calculate the bias. We used our own dataset which is scored with the political bias before doing the regression.
Multi-source food hazard event extraction for public health

Early detection and dissemination of food hazard information plays a key role in food hazard prevention and control. However, people in general cannot place enough time and effort for discovering food related hazards. In this paper, we introduce a food hazard monitoring system that can automatically collect online news and social media, extract events related to food hazards, and then organize the data in a structured format for easy consumption. We define an information template for food hazard event based on data from the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), and use the template to aggregate informative keywords from government reports, news and social media. We explain our work process, considerations, as well as our future work to improve our system.
Solid emulsion gel as a vehicle for delivery of polyunsaturated fatty acids: implications for tissue repair, dermal angiogenesis and wound healing

The paper describes preparation and biological characterization of the solid hybrid biomaterial that was designed for cell‐targeted lipid delivery in healing tissues. The material referred to as ‘solid emulsion gel’ combines a protein‐stabilized lipid emulsion and a hydrogel structure in a single compartment. The potential of the omega‐3 (n‐3)‐fatty acids rich solid emulsion gel for tissue repair applications was investigated at the macro‐, micro‐, molecular and gene expression levels, using human fibroblasts and endothelial cells and a porcine model of full‐thickness wounds. Being non‐cytotoxic in vitro and in vivo, the biomaterial was found to affect cell metabolism, modulate expression of certain genes, stimulate early angiogenesis and promote wound repair in vivo. The neovascular response in vivo was correlated with upregulated expression of the genes involved in lipid transport (e.g. adipophilin), anti‐apoptosis (e.g. heat shock proteins, haem oxygenase 1) and angiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor). Collectively, the results of this study provide first evidence that the angiogenic response provided by solid emulsion gel‐mediated delivery of n‐3 fatty acids is an alternative to the topical administration of exogenous growth factors or gene therapy, and can be advantageously used for the stimulation of tissue repair in complex wounds. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Speed and accuracy dilemma in NoC simulation: What about memory impact?

Network on Chip (NoC) communication infrastructures are increasingly being used in modern manycore architectures. Many industrial and research NoC simulators have been proposed in the last years in order to facilitate the design of such communication infrastructures. As any simulator, all of them have to trade off speed and accuracy. Simulation time directly depends on the simulation accuracy. It also directly depends on the complexity of the system to be simulated, e.g., the number of cores and their unit complexity. In this work, we show that the memory footprint of NoC simulators can be a serious factor limiting the simulation of manycore architectures with a large number of cores. We first quantitatively compare the memory footprint of a transactional level modeling NoC simulator and its cycle-accurate counterpart to show that memory footprint is a concern. Then, we show that memory footprint is also largely impacted by the choice of the programming abstraction by comparing two cycle-accurate simulators written using different application programming interfaces, i.e., plain C++ and SystemC.
Doing Nothing is No Choice: Lay Constructions of Treatment Decision‐making Among Women with Early‐stage Breast Cancer

Open-ended personal interviews were conducted with 20 women with early stage breast cancer attending a regional cancer centre in Southwestern Ontario. We explored three related issues: (1) the extent to which these women perceived that they had treatment options; (2) their understanding of treatment benefits and risks; and (3) the role they wanted for themselves and their oncologists in treatment decision-making. We found, first, that many women who were presented with the choice to undergo some form of adjuvant treatment versus no treatment felt that ‘doing nothing was no choice’. Second, when interpreting probabilistic information on treatment benefits and risks, some women retained the idea of probability but thought that they personally would beat the odds. Others transformed the information to make it more personally meaningful, and still others assessed their risk status by comparing themselves with friends or relatives having the same disease. Third, many women preferred some form of shared treatment decision-making process with their oncologists. Women perceived treatment decisions as either ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ which raised the issue of blame for a ‘bad’ decision should the cancer return. Implications of these findings for clinical practice and for models of treatment decision-making are discussed.
Matrix-Associated Implantation of Predifferentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Versus Articular Chondrocytes

Background: The use of predifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) leads to better histological results compared with undifferentiated MSC in sheep. This raises the need for a longer term follow-up study and comparison with a clinically established method. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that chondrogenic in vitro predifferentiation of autologous MSC embedded in a collagen I hydrogel leads to better structural repair of a chronic osteochondral defect in an ovine stifle joint after 1 year. We further hypothesized that resulting histological results would be comparable with those of chondrocyte-seeded matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT). Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Predifferentiation period of ovine MSC within collagen gel in vitro was defined by assessment of several cellular and molecular biological parameters. For the animal study, 2 osteochondral lesions (7-mm diameter) were created at the medial femoral condyles of the hind legs in 9 sheep. Implantation of MSC gels was performed 6 weeks after defect creation. Thirty-six defects were divided into 4 treatment groups: (1) chondrogenically predifferentiated MSC gels (pre-MSC gels), (2) undifferentiated MSC gels (un-MSC gels), (3) MACT gels, and (4) untreated controls (UC). Histological, immunohistochemical, and radiological evaluations followed after 12 months. Results: After 12 months in vivo, pre-MSC gels showed significantly better histological outcome compared with un-MSC gels and UC. Compared with MACT gels, the overall scores were higher for O’Driscoll and International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS). The repair tissue of the pre-MSC group showed immunohistochemical detection of interzonal collagen type II staining. Radiological evaluation supported superior bonding of pre-MSC gels to perilesional native cartilage. Compared with previous work by our group, no degradation of the repair tissue between 6 and 12 months in vivo, particularly in pre-MSC gels, was observed. Conclusion: Repair of chronic osteochondral defects with collagen hydrogels composed of chondrogenically predifferentiated MSC shows no signs of degradation after 1 year in vivo. In addition, pre-MSC gels lead to partially superior histological results compared with articular chondrocytes. Clinical Relevance: The results suggest an encouraging method for future treatment of focal osteochondral defects without donor site morbidity by harvesting articular chondrocytes.