Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of control of hard roof's stepped cantileverstructure for longwall mining with sublevel caving

Based on field monitoring and simulation test of strta movement, the hard roof's stepped cantilever structure and its mechanics model are presented. The finite element method is used to analyze the effect of hard coal cracking under the abutment pressure of hard roof, so the rational pretreatment span of hard roof is determined, and the rational working resistance of support is selected also. According to the mechanics model, the transient balance conditions of the hard roof's stepped cantilever structure are studied, and the supportrock relation is theoretically explained. As a result, the basic theory and technique of surrounding rocks control for fully mechanized longwall mining with sublevel caving is formed under the hard roof and hard coal conditions, and the hard roof is effectively controlled not only to protect the working face but also to promote the caving of hard topcoal to increase the recovery rate of coal, which is the key to fulfill the highly efficient and productive of fully mechanized longwall mining with sublevel caving in extrathick seam. Finally, the successful practice of hard roof control in 8914 and 8911 working face is presented in this paper. 5figs. ,4tabs. ,10refs. 
Nonlinear Influence of Chinese Real Estate Development on Environmental Pollution: New Evidence from Spatial Econometric Model

Environmental pollution is a problem of universal concern throughout the globe. The development of real estate industry not only consumes huge resources, but also has close ties with high-consumption industries such as the construction industry. However, previous studies have rarely explored the impact of real estate development on environmental pollution. Therefore, this paper employs the entropy method to construct a comprehensive index of environmental pollution based on panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017, and empirically examines the impact of real estate development on environmental pollution. This article uses real estate investment to measure the development of the real estate industry. In view of the high spatial autocorrelation of environmental pollution, this paper selects a spatial econometric model. The empirical study found that: (1) By using the Spatial Durbin Model, real estate development has an inverted U-shaped impact on environmental pollution. Meanwhile, most cities have not yet reached the turning point; that is, with the continuous development of the real estate industry, environmental pollution will continue to increase. (2) Further regional heterogeneity found that the inverted U-shaped relationship still exists in coastal and inland areas. (3) Finally, this article used the Spatial Mediation Model to explain the nonlinear impact of real estate development on environmental pollution, with two important mediating variables: population density and industrial structure. Through the above analysis, it can be observed that real estate development has a significant impact on environmental pollution. Thus, the country and the government can reduce environmental pollution by improving the investment structure, using environmentally friendly building materials, guiding population flow and promoting industrial upgrading.
Characterisation of dye-sensitized solar cells for process control

Dye-sensitized solar cells are a class of photovoltaics that have shown promise in producing electricity at a reasonable price. Although the processes limiting performance of the devices are quite well understood, their quantification has not been incorporated into a single consistent framework. In this study this framework, based on continuum charge transport equations, is presented and used to investigate the effectiveness of common characterisation methods. Approximate analytical solutions to the model are also derived and it is shown that these can be used to solve the device model inverse problem by fitting the solutions to impedance spectroscopy measurements. Experimental results indicate that the overall device model is a good description of the system and that it can be used to quantify different power loss mechanisms. Additionally some initial work was undertaken to formulate a charge transport model for a new class of photovoltaics called perovskite cells. The cell is modelled as a p-i-n heterojunction where the perovskite absorber is an intrinsic semiconductor sandwiched between two selective contacts. Simulations indicate that a significant built-in field drives free charges towards the contacts significantly improving charge collection.
Universal Tracking Controller with Disturbance Rejection

In this paper, an extremely simple yet super effective universal tracking controller (UTC) is developed based on integral chain system, which can achieve accurate tracking for continuous signals as well as superior rejection for disturbances regardless of system models. We discovered two natural formulations for UTC: one is the proportional-integral tracking controller (PITC), which includes a proportional and an integral part of states errors; the other is the adaptive feedforward tracking controller (AFTC), which consists of a feedback part of state errors and a feedforward part which is obtained adaptively by using the previous sampled input. When the integral gain is high, it is found that PITC and AFTC are approximately equivalent with the integral gain be proportional to the sampling rate. Thus PITC and AFTC together form a unified framework of UTC, where PI and PID are only particular cases of first-order and second-order PITC, respectively.
Three Dimensions of American Conservative Political Orientation Differentially Predict Negativity Bias and Satisfaction With Life

Numerous studies have linked political conservatism with negativity bias, whereas others have linked conservatism with indicators of positive adjustment. This research sought to reconcile this seeming contradiction by examining whether distinct dimensions of conservatism differentially predicted measures of negativity bias and positive adjustment. In two studies, we used an empirically derived and validated Attitude-Based Political Conservatism (ABPC) Scale that captures three correlated but distinct factors of American conservatism: Libertarian Independence, Moral Traditionalism, and Ethnic Separateness. In both studies (N = 1,756), Libertarian Independence was linked with indicators of positive adjustment, whereas Moral Traditionalism and Ethnic Separateness were linked with indices of negativity bias. By identifying which dimensions of conservatism predict negativity bias and positive adjustment, this work illuminates the unique psychological foundations of distinct strands of conservatism in America.
The Chilling Effects of Digital Dataveillance: A Theoretical Model and an Empirical Research Agenda

People's sense of being subject to digital dataveillance can cause them to restrict their digital communication behavior. Such a chilling effect is essentially a form of self-censorship in everyday digital media use with the attendant risks of undermining individual autonomy and well-being. This article combines the existing theoretical and limited empirical work on surveillance and chilling effects across fields with an analysis of novel data toward a research agenda. The institutional practice of dataveillance—the automated, continuous, and unspecific collection, retention, and analysis of digital traces—affects individual behavior. A mechanism-based causal model based on the theory of planned behavior is proposed for the micro level: An individual's increased sense of dataveillance causes their subjective probability assigned to negative outcomes of digital communication behavior to increase and attitudes toward this communication to become less favorable, ultimately decreasing the intention to engage in it. In aggregate and triggered through successive salience shocks such as data scandals, dataveillance is accordingly hypothesized to lower the baseline of free digital communication in a society through the chilling effects mechanism. From the developed theoretical model, a set of methodological consequences and questions for future studies are derived.
Usefulness of Human Jejunal Spheroid–Derived Differentiated Intestinal Epithelial Cells for the Prediction of Intestinal Drug Absorption in Humans

This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells as a novel in vitro model for clarifying the impact of intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the intestinal absorption of substrate drugs in humans. Three-dimensional human intestinal spheroids were successfully established from surgical human jejunal specimens and expanded for a long period using L-WRN-conditioned medium, which contains Wnt3a, R-spondin 3, and noggin. The mRNA expression levels of intestinal pharmacokinetics-related genes in the human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells were drastically increased over a 5-day period after seeding compared with those in human jejunal spheroids and were approximately the same as those in human jejunal tissue over a culture period of at least 13 days. Activities of typical drug-metabolizing enzymes [cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A, CYP2C9, uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A, and carboxylesterase 2] and uptake/efflux transporters [peptide transporter 1/solute carrier 15A1], P-glycoprotein, and breast cancer resistance protein) in the differentiated cells were confirmed. Furthermore, intestinal availability (Fg) values estimated from the apical-to-basolateral permeation clearance across cell monolayer showed a good correlation with the in vivo Fg values in humans for five CYP3A substrate drugs (Fg range, 0.35–0.98). In conclusion, the functions of major intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters could be maintained in human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells. This model would be useful for the quantitative evaluation of the impact of intestinal drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the intestinal absorption of substrate drugs in humans. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Limited information is available regarding the quantitative prediction of the impact of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters on the human intestinal absorption of substrates using in vitro assays with differentiated cells derived from human intestinal spheroids/organoids. This study confirmed the functions of typical drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in human jejunal spheroid-derived differentiated intestinal epithelial cells and demonstrated that intestinal availability (Fg) estimated from apical-to-basolateral permeation clearance across cell monolayers showed a good correlation with in vivo human Fg for CYP3A substrates.
A Low-Profile Ultrawideband Slotted Dipole Antenna Based on Artificial Magnetic Conductor

A low-profile linearly polarized antenna based on artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is proposed. Triangle cuttings and Π-shaped slots are introduced on a traditional double-sided printed rectangular dipole antenna to realize ultrawideband characteristic and miniaturization. A novel 6 × 6 AMC array is proposed for the purpose of reducing the profile of the dipole. The AMC unit consists of a circular patch with four groups of symmetrical edged slots. Experimental results for the proposed antenna exhibit a 40% impedance bandwidth (4.77–7.12 GHz), maximum gain of 9.9 dB, and a front-to-back ratio of approximately 25 dB. The total height is 6mm (0.12 λ0 at 6 GHz). Compared to the slotted dipole antenna with perfect electrical conductor, the profile is reduced from 0.19 λ0 to 0.12 λ0. This antenna with the advantages of simple-fed structure, low cost, easy fabrication can be a good candidate for C band communications.
Clozapine-Encapsulated Binary Mixed Micelles in Thermosensitive Sol–Gels for Intranasal Administration

(1) Background: Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic. It is, however, associated with many adverse drug reactions. Nose-to-brain (N2B) delivery offers a promising approach. This study aims to develop clozapine-encapsulated thermosensitive sol–gels for N2B delivery. (2) Methods: Poloxamer 407 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose were mixed and hydrated with water. Glycerin and carbopol solutions were added to the mixture and stirred overnight at 2–8 °C. Clozapine 0.1% w/w was stirred with polysorbate 20 (PS20) or polysorbate 80 (PS80) at RT (25 °C) before being added to the polymer solution. The final formulation was made to 10 g with water, stirred overnight at 2–8 °C and then adjusted to pH 5.5. (3) Results: Formulations F3 (3% PS20) and F4 (3% PS80) were selected for further evaluation, as their gelation temperatures were near 28 °C. The hydrodynamic particle diameter of clozapine was 18.7 ± 0.2 nm in F3 and 20.0 ± 0.4 nm in F4. The results show a crystallinity change in clozapine to amorphous. Drug release studies showed a 59.1 ± 3.0% (F3) and 53.1 ± 2.7% (F4) clozapine release after 72 h. Clozapine permeated after 8 h was 20.8 ± 3.0% (F3) and 17.8 ± 3.1% (F4). The drug deposition was higher with F4 (144.8 ± 1.4 µg/g) than F3 (110.7 ± 2.7 µg/g). Both sol–gels showed no phase separation after 3 months. (4) Conclusions: Binary PS80-P407 mixed micelles were more thermodynamically stable and rigid due to the higher synergism of both surfactants. However, binary mixed PS20-P407 micelles showed better drug permeation across the nasal mucosa tissue and may be a preferable carrier system for the intranasal administration of clozapine.
The Red and Orange Complex Subgingival Microbiome of Cognitive Impairment and Cognitively Normal Elderly with Periodontitis

Increasing evidence has shown an association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment. Subgingival microbiota play a great role in periodontitis pathogenesis. However, the correlation between the subgingival microbiome and cognitive impairment remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the red and orange complex subgingival microbiome of cognitively impaired and cognitively normal elderly Indonesian subjects with periodontitis. Twenty-eight elderly subjects diagnosed with periodontitis underwent two cognitive examinations using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Gingival crevicular fluid taken from the periodontal pocket, at a depth between 5 and 7 mm, using a paper point was used as the subgingival samples. The subgingival microbiome in the cognitive impairment group (n = 14) and cognitively normal group (n = 14) was compared using the 16S rRNA Metagenomic iSeq™ 100 Sequencing System. There was β-diversity in the subgingival microbiota between the cognitively impaired and cognitively normal subjects. The metagenomic analysis showed a higher abundance of Porphyromonas and Treponema bacteria in the cognitive impairment group than in the normal cognitive group (p < 0.05). The abundance of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola was higher in the cognitively impaired elderly subjects. The role of P. gingivalis and T. denticola in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment needs further investigation.
The Effects of Cytokinins on Plant Regeneration of Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria nemoralis A. Camus cv. Roiet)

The optimum ratios of auxin and cytokinin are necessary for callus induction and plant regeneration. This ratio is a key function involving in the promoting cell division and proliferation in tissue culture. The axillary buds of in vitro plantlets from Vetiveria nemoralisA. Camus cv. Roiet were used as explants for the callus induction experiment. These explants were cultured on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium [1] supplemented with various combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Under this experimental study, the highest frequency of callus induction was found on MS medium supplemented with 2 mgL-1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 1 mgL-1 2-furanylmethyl-1H-purine-6-amine (kinetin) (62.5%). On the other hand the combination of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was toxicity to this explants. All culturing explants were dead and no calli appearance. The calli derived from each medium were transferred into the same regeneration medium (MS with 1 mgL-1 NAA and 2 mgL-1 BAP). After culturing on regeneration medium, calli induced from the highest callus induction medium have shown high frequencies of regeneration and also shoot number per callus (58.33% and 7.1 shoots).
N-Glycosylation Facilitates 4-1BB Membrane Localization by Avoiding Its Multimerization

Leveraging the T cell immunity against tumors represents a revolutionary type of cancer therapy. 4-1BB is a well-characterized costimulatory immune receptor existing on activated T cells and mediating their proliferation and cytotoxicity under infectious diseases and cancers. Despite the accumulating interest in implementing 4-1BB as a therapeutic target for immune-related disorders, less is known about the pattern of its intracellular behaviors and regulations. It has been previously demonstrated that 4-1BB is heavily modified by N-glycosylation; however, the biological importance of this modification lacks detailed elucidation. Through biochemical, biophysical, and cell-biological approaches, we systematically evaluated the impact of N-glycosylation on the ligand interaction, stability, and localization of 4-1BB. We hereby highlighted that N-glycan functions by preventing the oligomerization of 4-1BB, thus permitting its membrane transportation and fast turn-over. Without N-glycosylation, 4-1BB could be aberrantly accumulated intracellularly and fail to be sufficiently inserted in the membrane. The N-glycosylation-guided intracellular processing of 4-1BB serves as the potential mechanism explicitly modulating the “on” and “off” of 4-1BB through the control of protein abundance. Our study will further solidify the understanding of the biological properties of 4-1BB and facilitate the clinical practice against this promising therapeutic target.
Automation of Information Exchange Between Neural Networks

In recent years, there have been developments in neural networks and machine learning. Numerous platforms and tools for modeling A.I. are published. Compatibility between these platforms and tools is not always smooth because there are no common standards. This article describes the creation of a prototype of protocol that combine multiple neural networks into a common system. This approach offers solutions to machine learning problems related to the processing of large amounts of data.A protocol that allows the automation of the exchange of matrices with weights and bias between neural networks is investigated. The protocol monitors factors such as type of architecture, completeness of training data, network specialization and retraining opportunities. Methods for decentralization of the system and stability of the protocol are considered.
Acute Liver Failure in Rats Induced Vasogenic Edema and Nitric Oxide Synthase-Nitric Oxide-cGMP Pathway after Differential Regulation of NMDA Receptors in Cerebral Cortex and Cerebellum

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a complication of severe liver dysfunction resulting from a wide range of factors including alcoholism, drug-abuse, improper medication, viral hepatitis etc., and present with high mortality rate among the human population. ALF led hyperammonemia (HA) induced cerebral dysfunction is considered to be the main cause of death in patients, however, the precise molecular mechanism is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of brain edema and modulation of N-methyl D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR)- Nitric oxide synthase (NOS)- Nitric oxide (NO)- cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) axis in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of ALF rats. ALF was induced by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of thioacetamide (TAA). We observed significantly increased brain water content in ALF rats but absence of astrocytes swelling suggested induction of vasogenic edema. Except constant NR2B, down regulation of NR2A, 2C and 2D subunits containing NMDAR genes in cerebral cortex, however, constant NR2A-C but up-regulation of NR2D subunit in cerebellum suggested brain regions specific differential regulation of NMDAR in ALF rats. Significantly increased nNOS gene and protein level were found to be accompanied by the significantly increased level of NO and cGMP in both brain tissues; however, increased eNOS expression in cortex but increased iNOS expression and activity in cerebellum were observed in ALF rats. Together these findings suggested that ALF in rats may trigger differential regulation of NR2A-D subunits containing NMDAR, induction of NOS-NO-cGMP axis and vasogenic edema in cerebral cortex and cerebellum.
Narrative Scenarios for a Humanistic Approach to Technology Critique - A Case Study

Are narrative scenarios effective artifacts to trigger an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary discourse that results in actionable design criteria for the future co-existence of humans and intelligent machines? To answer this question, a multilinear narrative illustrating the impact of emerging technologies on the future of vocational education was developed, and a small field study was conducted to evaluate its effects. The findings support the hypothesis that narratives can trigger a reflection about new and disruptive technologies and can thereby help to propagate a humanistic view of our ever more technology-driven world
Disrupting The Resting State: Meta-Analytic Evidence That Mindfulness Training Alters Default Mode Network Connectivity

This meta-analysis sought to expand upon neurobiological models of mindfulness through investigation of inherent brain network connectivity outcomes, indexed via resting state functional connectivity (rsFC). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of rsFC as an outcome of mindfulness training (MT) relative to structurally-equivalent programs, with the hypothesis that that MT would increase cross-network connectivity between nodes of the Default Mode Network (DMN), Salience Network (SN), and Frontoparietal Control Network (FPCN) as a mechanism of internally-oriented attentional control. Texts were identified from the databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, ERIC, PSYCINFO, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Sciences; and were screened for inclusion based on experimental/quasi-experimental trial design and use of standardized mindfulness-based interventions. RsFC effects were extracted from twelve studies (mindfulness n = 226; control n = 204). Voxel-based meta-analysis revealed significantly greater rsFC (MT > control) between the left middle cingulate (Hedge’s g = .234, p = 0288, I2 = 15.87), located within the SN, and the posterior cingulate cortex, a focal hub of the DMN. Egger’s test for publication bias was nonsignificant, bias = 2.17, p = . 162. In support of our hypothesis, results suggest that MT targets internetwork (SN-DMN) connectivity implicated in the flexible control of internally-oriented attention.