Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of bacteriophages of the Staphylococcus aureus variant bovis

Bacteriophages may be an alternative method of treatment for antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including mastitis in cows. Our study describes the initial isolation and bacteriological activity of bacteriophages, circulating on dairy farms, the against S. aureus var. bovis. Samples of cow’s milk secretions with signs of mastitis and sewage water were used as the study material. The isolation and production of pure bacteriophage lines were performed according to the double agar method. The method of studying a single cycle of phage reproduction was used to determine the duration of the latency period. Determination of the spectrum of the lytic activity of bacteriophages against the clinical isolates of the microorganisms was carried out by the drop method. As a result of the research, four phages, specific for S. aureus var. bovis were isolated: Phage SAvB07, Phage SAvB08, Phage SAvB12 and Phage SAvB14. The negative colonies of the isolated phages were 1–2 mm in size, rounded with clear edges, with varying degrees of transparency. The latency period of Phage SAvB14 was 35 min, with the number of active virions increasing by 8 orders. In the study on growth curves of other bacteriophages, taken in the experiment, the latency period was more than 35 min, and their titre increased by only two orders. Phage SAvB07, Phage SAvB08 and Phage SAvB12 were able to lyse the bacterial strains of S. aureus var. bovis in 25–45.6% of the cases (low lytic activity), whereas Phage SAvB14 lysed 94.1% of S. aureus strains were isolated from the cows. Studies have shown that among the bacteriophages we have studied, Phage SAvB14 with a short latency period has the best lytic action on the culture S. aureus var. bovis. The resulting bacteriophage strain can be used to create a bacteriophage-based drug for the treatment of mastitis in cows.
Equation of Motion Method to strongly correlated Fermi systems and Extended RPA approaches

The status of different extensions of the Random Phase Approximation (RPA) is reviewed. The general framework is given within the Equation of Motion Method and the equivalent Green's function approach for the so-called Self-Consistent RPA (SCRPA). The role of the Pauli principle is analyzed. A comparison among various approaches to include Pauli correlations, in particular, renormalized RPA (r-RPA), is performed. The thermodynamic properties of nuclear matter are studied with several cluster approximations for the self-energy of the single-particle Dyson equation. More particle RPA's are shortly discussed with a particular attention to the alpha-particle condensate. Results obtained concerning the Three-level Lipkin, Hubbard and Picket Fence Models, respectively, are outlined. Extended second RPA (ESRPA) is presented.
Design of Paper-Based Visual Analogue Scale Items

Paper-based visual analogue scale (VAS) items were developed 100 years ago. Although they gained great popularity in clinical and medical research for assessing pain, they have been scarcely applied in other areas of psychological research for several decades. However, since the beginning of digitization, VAS have attracted growing interest among researchers for carrying out computerized and paper-based data assessments. In the present study, we investigated the research question “Which different design characteristics of paper-based VAS items are preferred by women and men? ” Based on a sample of 115 participants (68 female), our results revealed that the respondents preferred a paper-based VAS item with a horizontal, 8-cm long, 3 DTP (“desktop publishing point”) wide, black line, with flat line endpoints, and the ascending numerical anchors “0” and “10”, both for women and men. Although we did not identify any gender difference in these characteristics, our findings uncovered clear preferences on how to design paper-based VAS items.
Relation between Antenatal Maternal Depression and Anxiety during Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes

Background: The presence of psychological problems, including maternal depression and anxiety may harm fetal and neonatal growth. Depression and anxiety in pregnancy increase the liability for adverse fetal and newborn outcomes, including preterm birth. It was accompanied by abnormal infant development that extended to cognitive problems and psychopathology. This study aimed to analyze relation between antenatal maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes by assessing depression levels among pregnant women, identifying anxiety levels among pregnant women, and investigating the relation between antenatal maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study included 216 pregnant women and their newborns from the Obstetrics and Gynecology ward at Sohag University Hospital and the Maternal and Child Health Center (Dar El–Salam Abed- Allah Health Center) at Sohag City. Tools: 1- A structured self administered questionnaire, anthropometric measurement tool, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depressive Scale (EPDS), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Apgar score sheet, were utilized for collecting the data. Results: Considering depression approximately one quarter of pregnant women had moderate depression symptoms during pregnancy, while three fifth had no depression symptoms and 16.0 of them had severe depression symptoms during pregnancy. As regard less than one fifth of pregnant women had mild level of anxiety, while three quarter of them had a moderate level of anxiety and less than one fifth of them had severe anxiety level during pregnancy. Statistically significant relationships were found between severe depression symptoms scores, anxiety and birth weight, weight-for-GA and length, prematurity less than one fifth, need for resuscitation one quarter, and need for admission to neonatal intensive care near one fifth. Conclusion: Pregnant women who are suffering from severe depression and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy, their babies were more liable to increase the need for neonatal resuscitation, increase the chance of preterm birth, have a low birth weight, and are small for gestational age. Recommendation: Providing pregnant women health educational programs about the effects of depression and anxiety on them and on their neonates, non pharmacological interventions are important treatments for depression or anxiety that focus on promoting a healthy lifestyle with adequate nutrition, exercise and sleep
Seismo‐Turbidites in Aysén Fjord (Southern Chile) Reveal a Complex Pattern of Rupture Modes Along the 1960 Megathrust Earthquake Segment

Grain size analysis and end‐member modeling of a long sediment core from Aysén Fjord (southern Chile) allows to identify over 25 seismo‐turbidites in the last 9,000 years. Considering the shaking intensities required to trigger these turbidites (V½‐VI½), the majority can be related to megathrust earthquakes. Multiple studies in south‐central Chile have aimed at finding traces of giant, tsunamigenic megathrust earthquakes leading to the current 5,500‐year‐long paleoseismological record of the Valdivia segment. However, none of these cover the southern third of the segment. Aysén Fjord allows to fill this data gap and presents the first, crucial paleoseismic data to demonstrate that the 1960 event was not unique for the Valdivia segment, yielding a recurrence rate of 321 ± 116 years in the last two millennia. Moreover, the oldest identified events in Aysén Fjord date back to 9,000 cal years BP and, thus, also extend the regional paleoseismological record in time. We infer a large temporal variability in rupture modes, with successions of full‐segment ruptures alternating with partial and cascading ruptures. The latter seems to significantly postpone the occurrence of another full rupture when consecutively occurring in different parts of the segment. Additionally, one outstanding period of seismic quiescence—during which no megathrust earthquake evidence has been found at any paleoseismic site—occurred after a full rupture in AD ~745 that presents an unusual uplift/subsidence pattern. Such variability makes it highly speculative to anticipate the rupture mode of the next megathrust earthquake along the Valdivia segment.
Changes in physiological and antioxidant activity of indica rice seedlings in response to mannitol-induced osmotic stress

Morphological, physiological, and biochemical plant responses were studied in unstressed and stressed seedlings of indica rice ( Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. The effect of NB medium supplemented with a 100 mM mannitol treatment, which induced drought stress conditions, was measured for relative growth rate, cell membrane stability, antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and peroxidase [POD]), and total antioxidant capacity by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2 ′ -azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] diammonium salt) assays. Results of morphological and physiological factors showed two contrasting rice groups, drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant genotypes. After drought stress, the increased rate of SOD activity was lower in drought-tolerant than in drought-sensitive genotypes, but the increased rate of CAT and POD activity and total antioxidant capacity was higher in drought-tolerant than in drought-sensitive genotypes. Increasing changes in activity levels of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity indicated more rapid free radical scavenging compared with relative growth and cell membrane stability in drought-tolerant genotypes under short-term treatment. The trend toward change in CAT and POD antioxidant enzyme activity and total antioxidant capacity of stressed seedlings, as well as the correlation between these changes, and the morphological and physiological responses (0.96 correlation coefficient [R 2 ] between relative growth rate and CAT; 0.93 R 2 between relative growth rate and POD enzyme activity; 0.96 R 2 between relative growth rate and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values) coincided with the degree of drought tolerance. ABSTRACT
Entry, movement and infection of 32P labelled Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al . in chilli ( Capsicum annuum L.)

Autoradiography and radioassay techniques were utilized to study entry, movement, growth and multiplication, colonisation and infection of Ralstonia solanacearum in chilli. Radioassay of the inoculated resistant and susceptible varieties of chilli revealed that radioactivity counts were more in susceptible variety than in the resistant variety labelled with 32P at 1 h as well as 24 h of inoculation. This radiotracer technique using 32P labelled bacteria in chilli is a potential tool in such plant pathological studies.
Age, Growth and Mortality of Unio tigridis (Bourguignat, 1852)

Unio tigridis has an importance for the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystem of the Turkey. However, there is no available literature in the world on the growth of this species yet. The aim of this study, therefore, was to describe the age, growth and mortality of this species living in Lake Golbasi from Hatay providence, Turkey. A total 428 of specimen were collected using by divers with hand dredges in depth of 1 to 6 meters based on annual sampling strategy from June- 2004 to May- 2005. Lengths and weighs of sample were ranged as 2.1 to 9.2 cm (6.79 ± 1.52) and 1.1 to 73.05 g (34.18 ± 15.56), respectively. Weight-Length relationship of all specimens was described as W=0.193L2. 63 (R2=0.94). Thus, a negative allometric growth was detected in the sampled population. The age of each individual was determined by counting the external shall annuli-growth interruption lines. The sampled population was composed of 18 age classes. Specimen belong to age class 7 was the most presented with 20.33 percent in the population. The rate of male to female (m:f) was 0.91:1. Seasonalized von Bertalanffy growth model (SVBGM) was used to describe the growth. From these results, it was shown that seasonality in growth does not occur in this lake for this species (L∞ = 8.80 cm (Shell Length), K = 0.271 year-1, t0 = -0.161 year, C = 0.014, ts = 0.100 year with RSS = 23.22). The total mortality rate (Z ± Se) was calculated as 0.401 ± 0.015 year-1 with R-square = 0.99 (CL of Z with 95 % = 0.361 - 0.440 year-1). Although, there is no fishing, no pollution and no predation risk on this species yet, due to growth characteristic, high K and low L∞, this type of species are vulnerable to extinction.
CRYOPRESERVATION OF TESTICULAR HUMAN SPERMATOZOA BY TWO TECHNIQUES: COMPARISONS OF MSOME, DNA FRAGMENTATION AND MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of two testicular spermatozoa cryopreservation techniques in Azoospermic patients with MSOME, DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial assays. Methods Testicular sperm extraction samples were obtained from 15 men, aged 20-40 years old with obstructive azoospermia. The prepared samples were divided into three groups. Group I was assessed freshly. Group II was cryopreserved with vitrification method, and Group III was cryopreserved with cooling in liquid nitrogen vapor using droplet. After warming, the samples were examined in terms of motility, morphology with MSOME, DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential. For morphologic assessment spermatozoa were classified as class 1 (High-quality), class 2 (Medium-quality) and class 3 (Low-quality). Results There was significant reduction in motility, viability and the mean percentage of class 1 spermatozoa after cryopreservation by both techniques (p 0.05). The DNA fragmentation was significantly increased to 29.48 % and 29.72 % respectively; also the number of sperms with functional mitochondria significantly decreased to 31.81 % and 31.98 % after vitrification and freezing in liquid nitrogen vapor (p<0.001). A correlation was found between morphologic class1 and 3 spermatozoa; mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA fragmentation. Conclusions cryopreservation had adverse effects on spermatozoa parameters. The best method of testicular sperm cryopreservation should yet to be determined, but selecting spermatozoa with minimum abnormality is an important issue in infertility treatment. To reach this goal assessment of frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa with MSOME will be of particular value.
The Effect of Replacement of Fish Oil by Soybean Oil in Practical Diets, on Tissue Fatty Acid and Expression of Related Genes in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

High prices and unsustainable supply have rendered the use of high levels of fish oil in aquafeeds problematic. In the present study, an eight-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the replacement of fish oil with less expensive and more sustainable soybean oil in a practical diet containing 17% fish meal, which is widely used in China for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Five diets with five levels of fish oil replacement (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) by soybean oil were fed to shrimp for 56 days. At the end of the trial results obtained after analysis of the shrimp showed that shrimp fed diets containing 50% fish oil and 50% soybean oil displayed no significant differences in weight gain, specific growth rate, survival, and feed conversion ratio. Quantitative polymerase chain reactions revealed that the expression levels of fatty acid binding protein and fatty acid synthase, two critical genes in fat metabolism, gradually decreased with increased levels of soybean oil in diets. Fatty acid profiling showed that complete replacement of fish oil with soybean oil affected fatty acid content in shrimp muscles, including monounsaturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and highly-unsaturated fatty acid, as well as the ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The expression of two genes decreased with increased soybean oil level in diets. The growth results indicate that soybean oil can be used to replace 50% fish oil in this practical diet for Litopenaeus vannamei without adverse effects on shrimp growth performance. The IJA appears exclusively as a peer-reviewed on-line open-access journal at http://www.siamb. org.il. To read papers free of charge, please register online at registration form. Sale of IJA papers is strictly forbidden.
Mechanisms of MAP kinase signaling to transcriptional regulators

The MAPK pathway is important in various biological functions. It is also important in regulating processes associated with gene transcription via different mechanisms such as by phosphorylation of transcription factors, coactivators/corepressors and histone modifier complexes. H3K4 methylation is highly associated with active transcription. Deposition of this mark is catalysed by SET-domain methyltransferases which consists of a WAR complex (WDR5, ASH2L and RBBP5), a catalytic SET-domain protein and other subunits. However, potential links between ERK MAPK signaling and H3K4 methylation in gene expression are not well understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to probe the potential links between these two pathways towards gene-regulatory networks. This study attempted to elucidate their direct functional interaction by studying whether components of the SETD1A complex could be phosphorylated upon ERK activation. Our results showed that the core components of SETD1A complex were not phosphorylated in vivo and in vitro by ERK. Importantly, we reported that at least two splicing variants of RBBP5 exist. ERK-dependent stabilization of exogenous RBBP5 was observed but the mechanism underlying this is unknown. Surprisingly, we found that WAR complex depletion increased the pre-mRNA expression of immediate-early (IE) genes which did not necessarily reflect changes in their mRNA levels. In addition, this occurred in an H3K4me3-independent manner. This regulation is likely to be posttranscriptional that involves pre-mRNA processing events. First, we noticed a decrease of transcription initiation in WAR complex-depleted cells upon ERK activation. Second, depletion of the WAR complex affects the splicing efficiency of FOS and EGR1. Third, RBBP5 occupancy was observed and was significantly reduced upon siRNAmediated RBBP5 depletion at the coding region and the 3’ end of FOS gene. Therefore, we propose that the WAR complex regulates the pre-mRNA processing of IE genes through an interaction between RBBP5 and a splicing factor that has yet to be identified.
Quasi‐static numerical modeling of miniature RF circuits based on lumped equivalent circuits

A quasi‐static approach based on lumped equivalent circuits is presented and investigated for an efficient numerical analysis of miniature RF circuits. In this approach, the static capacitances and inductances including mutual capacitances and inductances of individual circuit components are first evaluated using the finite element method. An equivalent lumped circuit based on the calculated capacitances and inductances is then constructed for the entire circuit, whose analysis predicts the frequency responses of the circuit. The accuracy of this quasi‐static approach is investigated by comparing its solution with that of the full‐wave analysis based on Maxwell's equations. It is found that the quasi‐static analysis is very accurate for a miniature RF circuit whose electrical size is smaller than a fraction of the effective wavelength.
Microbial study of organisms isolated from nutritional fruit juices surrounded by local fruit market in Nanded, Maharashtra, India

Deshmukh AS, Siddiqui MM, Pathan UK, Dhuldhaj UP. 2020. Microbial study of organisms isolated from nutritional fruit juices surrounded by local fruit market in Nanded, Maharashtra, India. Biodiversitas 21: 4240-4246. Growing populations depend on the various food products for their nutritional values, but the hidden hunger for nutrients and vitamins are fulfilled by the fruits and their juices. Fruit juices are one of the most dependable food products, available in the Indian markets. But, standard and quality of juices always matters, hence most suggested one are freshly prepared juices as processed and packed one are mostly contains artificial flavors and food additives in the form of preservatives. Even these freshly prepared juices by local staler are also not free from contaminations. Hence, in this study we focus on the quality of fruit juices sold by the local seller. For this purpose, we collected 5 samples of fruit juices from the premises of Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded. The fruit juices are on orange, chiku, banana, apple and grapes. These samples were maintained in the basal media nutrient broth and uniculture of bacteria were isolated and maintained in the slant agar for further experiments. Total microbial load was calculated from collected and it was found that these juice samples contain significant bacterial load (2.5 x 10cfu/mL) that can cause diseases. In further investigations and identifications through the biochemical tests, we found that these juices contaminated with coliforms like E. coli and Klebsiella, along with this we also detected the presence of Listeria spp and Staphylococcus in juices samples.
Four multiplex PCR Sets of 11 LM Maize for LMO environmental monitoring in Korea

With the increasing development and commercial use of genetically modified maize, it is essential to develop an appropriate method for detection of individual LMO (Living modified organism) events for monitoring the samples. In South Korea, commercial planting and accidental or unintentional releases of LMOs into the environment were not approved. In this study, to increase the efficiency of LMO detection, we developed simultaneous detection methods for 11 LM maize events. This multiplex PCR detection method is economical, as it saves time, cost and labor. We developed 11 individual LM maize events, and applied 4 multiplex PCR sets to the LM maize samples. These results are confirmed by applying the multiplex analysis of LMO environmental monitoring from 2012 to 2014, which represents the unintentionally released LM maize samples. The data were correlated with event specific PCR results. Our results indicate that the multiplex PCR method developed is suitable for detection of LM maize in LMO monitoring.
A re-examination of ZENK expression following hetero- and conspecific playback in the zebra finch auditory forebrain

Zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata ) are one of the most sexually dimorphic songbirds used as model species, not only in appearance but also in vocal production; while males produce both calls and songs, the females only produce calls. This dimorphism in the zebra finch provides a means to contrast the auditory perception of vocalizations produced by songbird species of varying degrees of relatedness in a dimorphic species to that of a monomorphic species, i.e., the black-capped chickadee ( Poecile atricapillus ). In this study I looked at neuronal expression after playback of acoustically similar hetero- and conspecific calls in male and female zebra finches, as a follow-up study to previous work conducted by Avey and colleagues (2014) on black-capped chickadees. An immediate early gene (IEG), ZENK, was measured in two auditory areas of the forebrain (caudomedial mesopallium, CMM, and caudomedial nidopallium, NCM). In black-capped chickadees, there was no significant difference in expression for calls produced by other species that were phylogenetically distant. In the current study, I found no difference in ZENK expression in either male or female zebra finches regardless of playback conditions. My results suggest that, similar to black-capped chickadees, zebra finch IEG expression in the CMM and NCM is related to the acoustic similarity of vocalizations and not the phylogenetic relatedness of the species producing the vocalizations.