Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of pain and psychological distress in fatigue: a co-twin and within-person analysis of confounding and causal relations

ABSTRACT Objective Fatigue is a common symptom in somatic and mental illness. Musculoskeletal pain and psychological distress have in turn frequently been shown to be associated with fatigue across clinical conditions and in the general population. The study aims to disentangle direct effects from those due to mere confounding from shared etiologies. Design The study used genetically informative longitudinal twin data, through a co-twin control design with an additional within-person dimension. Methods Data on fatigue, pain and distress from 2196 mono – and dizygotic twins from the Norwegian Twin Registry examined at two time points five years apart was analyzed using multilevel generalized linear regression modeling. Fatigue was regressed on pain and distress, with further controls added for confounding from genetic and stable non-shared environmental sources. Results Pain and distress had a significant impact on fatigue at genetic, stable non-shared environmental and time-varying levels, even when controlling for somatic comorbidity. Conclusion The findings indicate that a significant proportion of the association between fatigue, pain and distress is due to genetic and environmental confounding. Pain and distress exert significant, albeit smaller effects on fatigue even when controlling for genetic and stable environmental contributions, indicating direct effects. Potential etiological pathways and underlying mechanisms are discussed.
Comprehensive Comparison of Security Measurement Models

Abstract Security measurement models (SMMs) and their corresponding derived metrics form the main pillars of a systematic security measurement. Providing a desirable SMM is very challenging and has been investigated over the past two decades, so that numerous SMMs have been proposed and several surveys on SMMs have been performed. However, to the best of our knowledge, neither a systematic taxonomy nor a comprehensive comparison has yet been proposed for SMMs. This paper focuses on the comprehensive comparison of SMMs relying on a feature-based approach. The plurality and diversity of the compared SMMs enable us to deduce all the open issues.
Effects of brand innovation and marketing dynamic capability on the performance of international hotels

The Covid-19 epidemic has resulted in a dramatic decline in hotel public consumption. Hotel performance must be enhanced through the use of a hotel marketing strategy to compete with others. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between the innovation of the brand, dynamic capability of marketing, brand communication, brand experience, and brand performance in Indonesian 3-5 star international hotels. The data for this study were acquired using an electronic questionnaire on Google Forms from 530 customers who stayed in hotels throughout Indonesia prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Smart-PLS 3.2. 9 was used to analyze the data using the outer model and the inner model. The findings indicated as follows: brand innovation has a positive effect on brand communication; dynamic marketing capability has a positive influence on brand communication; brand communication directly has a positive effect on brand experience; brand experience significantly has a positive effect on brand performance; brand communication directly has a positive effect on brand performance; brand innovation has a positive influence on brand performance, and dynamic marketing capability has a positive effect on brand performance. This study contributes to the worldwide hotel strategy’s global marketing efforts in order to compete and improve performance in an increasingly competitive hotel business.
Genetic Variability and Diversity in Rice Cultivars of North Bank Plain Zone of Assam for Traits Associated with Grain Yield and Adaption under Moisture Stress

Fifty four rice cultivars from North Bank Plain Zone (NBPZ) of Assam were assessed for their genetic variability and diversity with respect to yield and traits associated with adaptation under moisture stress with a view to formulate hybridization strategies for further genetic improvement. Genotypes were evaluated following a completely randomized design with two replications under PVC pipes at the experimental field of BN College of Agriculture, Biswanath Chariali, Assam. A higher magnitude of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for root volume, root dry weight, root length density, filled grains per panicle, shoot dry weight, root length, root-shoot ratio and grain yield per plant. High heritability coupled with higher genetic advance was registered for root dry weight, root length density, root volume, root-shoot ratio, root length and grain yield per plant. D2 analysis revealed that the genotypes could be distributed into a group of eight clusters with maximum distance between cluster III and cluster V (845.71). Root volume was found to contribute highest towards divergence (12.83%). Out of all the clusters, cluster IV with an intra cluster distance of 370.76 consisted of maximum number of accessions (17). Genotypes based on the inter se genetic distance and per se performances of specific traits were identified for undertaking hybridization programme. The implication of the diversity pattern elucidated for breeding varieties for moisture stress adaptation were discussed. Hybridization programme may be undertaken between the identified genotypes having inter se genetic diversity belonging to diverse clusters. Thus it could be expected to obtain desirable segregants out of the hybridization programme for further genetic improvement of rice in the region.
Method to Judge Corona Inception Voltage of AC Transmission Lines Using Corona Cage

The electromagnetic environment directly related to corona phenomena is one of the key technical problems of ultra high voltage(UHV) transmission project.Corona inception voltage is an important parameter to analyze the corona of the power transmission conductors,the judging method of corona inception is not unified.Corona cage is an effective and economical means for duplicating the corona phenomena of the transmission lines by applying lower voltage on the conductor in the cage.Ultraviolet(UV) meter,partial discharge instrument,radio interference receivers,sound level meter-related measurement were used to judge the corona inception voltage.The corona inception voltage from the test was contrasted with the inception voltage calculated by ultraviolet meter of corona cage,and the convenient methods to determine the AC corona inception voltage of conductors were summarized.
A Multivariable Phase-Locked Loop-Integrated Controller for Enhanced Performance of Voltage Source Converters Under Weak Grid Conditions

This article proposes a new control strategy in stationary frame to improve the operational robustness of voltage source converters (VSCs) under weak grid conditions. First, dynamics of the phase-locked loop (PLL) are incorporated into the model of a grid-connected VSC in stationary reference frame. It is rigorously shown that the three-phase PLL introduces cross-coupling terms between the two control channels. Second, based on the augmented model, a multivariable controller is proposed which combines the current control feedback gains with PLL feedback gains. Third, the gains of the controller are designed using an optimal control theory approach. It is shown through theoretical analysis, computer simulations, and a laboratory experimental setup that the proposed controller improves the stability margins of the VSC during weak grid conditions. More specifically, under a given identical operating conditions, while the conventional controller’s responses become increasingly oscillatory for short-circuit ratio (SCR) below 1.95 and eventually becomes unstable at SCR=1.26, the proposed controller exhibits smooth and stable responses for SCR as low as 1. The proposed controller also produces cleaner sinusoidal currents during unbalanced grid voltages.
Telepresence Robots for People with Special Needs: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Telepresence robots are increasingly used to support remote social interaction. Telerobots allow the user to move a camera and a microphone at a remote location in real time – often with a display of the user’s face at the robot. These robots can increase the quality of life for people with special needs, who are, for instance, bed bound. However, interface accessibility barriers have made them difficult to use for some people. Still, no state-of-the-art literature review has been made of research on telerobots for people with disabilities. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for a review. Web of Science (WoS), ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, and Scopus were searched, and a supplemental by hand examination of reference lists was done. The search includes studies published between 2009 and 2019. A total of 871 articles were included in this review, 42 of which were eligible for the analysis. These articles were further characterized in terms of problems addressed, objectives, types of special needs considered, features of the devices, features of solutions, and the evaluation methods applied. Based on the review, future research directions are being proposed, addressing issues like use-cases; user conditions; universal accessibility; safety; privacy and security; independence and autonomy; evaluation methods; and user training programs. The review provides an overview of existing research, a summary of common research directions, and a summary of issues, which need to be considered in future research.
The influence of organisational safety resource-related activities and other exploratory variables on seafarers’ safety behaviours

Abstract Inadequate human actions are still the main cause of all reported accidents and incidents on board ships. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of safety resource activities and other exploratory variables on seafarers’ safety behaviour. For this study, a series of open-ended interviews were conducted to gain insight into how shipping organisations struggle with this issue. Following the interviews, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed to professional seafarers. Two exploratory factor analyses were conducted to identify the underlying factor structure and five factors emerged. Furthermore, three hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of the factors obtained, namely, Company safety orientation and Additional safety incentives on seafarers’ perceived Safety awareness, Job satisfaction, Risk acceptance and other exploratory variables. The study shows that the perceived resource-related activities of the organisation and the demographic characteristics of the respondents can influence the safety behaviour of seafarers.
Coseismic and Postseismic Fault Kinematics of the July 22, 2020, Nima (Tibet) Ms6.6 Earthquake: Implications of the Forming Mechanism of the Active N‐S‐Trending Grabens in Qiangtang, Tibet

The N‐S‐trending grabens, the most prominent active structures in the Tibetan plateau, contain important information about the evolution and deformation mechanism of the plateau. The Ms6.6 earthquake that occurred in Nima, Qiangtang on July 22, 2020, provides an opportunity to investigate the kinematics of the grabens. Here, we use field survey and interferometric synthetic aperture radar to study the structural style, coseismic and postseismic deformation, fault slip, and stress changes of the Nima earthquake. The N‐S‐trending Qomo Ri graben (QRG) and the normal faults on the east and west sides are kinematically correlated with the NE‐trending sinistral Jiangaizangbu River and West Yibug Caka faults. The QRG is characterized by an extensional strike‐slip duplex and negative flower structure. The maximum coseismic deformation of the Nima earthquake is 29.4 cm in the line‐of‐sight direction observed by Sentinel‐1 ascending images. The coseismic slip model demonstrates that the NE20–30°‐striking fault caused the Nima earthquake has a maximum slip of 1.39 m and a main slip area at 4–12 km depth. The seismological fault may transit from a moderately dipping normal fault near the surface to a steeper strike‐slip fault at depth. Obvious postseismic deformation was observed in the stress‐enhancement area. The afterslip model shows that the mainshock fault is correlated with parallel normal faults to its west. We infer that the QRG was formed by local E‐W‐trending extension at the joints of the left‐stepping sinistral fault system, and the active normal faulting in the Qiangtang block favors stress localization.
A Study on Teachers’ Sense of Self-Efficacy in Defence Authority Educational Institutions, Karachi, Pakistan

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which teacher efficacy is understood by the Defence Authority Institution's teachers and the extent teacher efficacy behaviors were practiced in the Defence Authority Institutions. A survey research design was chosen for this quantitative study, which focuses on teachers’ perceptions about teacher efficacy in Defence Authority Institutions schools. Data was collected through the Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) which is a 24-item measure of three subscales: Efficacy in Student Engagement, Instructional Strategies, and Classroom Management developed by Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (2001), and it is also called the Ohio State Teacher Efficacy Scale (OSTES). This scale was used to collect data from the teachers of Defence Authority Institutions schools to examine their perceptions about teacher efficacy. Data were collected from 393 Defence Authority Institution's teachers. The survey consisted of two sections. Part 1 requested demographic data and Part 2 contained 24 items of the TSES (Long Form instrument). Eight findings emerged after analyzing the data. These findings indicated that the teachers had a strong understanding of teacher efficacy and practiced teacher efficacy behaviors associated with improving the teaching and learning process. However, the findings also illustrated that the Defence Authority Institutions needed to include teacher efficacy as part of a sustained professional development program. Recommendations were provided to facilitate the improvement and strengthening of teacher efficacy across the Defence Authority Institutions of Pakistan.
Experimental and numerical investigations for the structural characterization of a historic RC arch bridge

A comprehensive rational methodology for the structural assessment of existing bridges is presented and specifically applied to a historic reinforced concrete arch bridge. The methodology is based on the use of non-destructive testing tools and structural model updating procedures and involves: (a) preliminary documented research and on-site geometric surveys (aimed at collecting information on the "as built" geometry); (b) ambient vibration testing performed by using a grid of conventional high-sensitivity accelerometers, aimed specifically at investigating the vertical dynamic characteristics of the bridge and c) development of an updated Finite Element (FE) model of the structure. The investigated bridge, completed in May 1917, crosses the Adda river between Brivio (province of Lecco) and Cisano Bergamasco (province of Bergamo), about 50 km North-East from Milano, Northern Italy. Given the still strategic position of the bridge in the current road transportation network and within a systematic surveillance program of main infrastructures by the Province of Lecco, dynamic tests were performed under operational conditions. Main results in terms of Operational Modal Analysis and FE modelling and updating are presented and discussed. A hierarchy of FE models with different levels of refinement is developed, with the purpose of a future selection of the model that better reproduces the current structural properties of the bridge. In this paper an automated system identification procedure has been developed and applied to the simplest of the assembled (consistent) FE models, whose results will constitute a benchmark for further studies upon the other most refined models. The aim is to perform a final baseline reference model to be used for reliability assessment within Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) purposes.
Preliminary Test of One-dimensional Position Encoding Read-out for MICROMEGAS

The basic principles and implementation of one-dimensional position encoding read-out for MICROMEGAS have been introduced in this paper.A 10 cm×10 cm prototype of one-dimensional position encoding read-out electrode based on printed circuit board was designed.Preliminary test indicates that the induction read-out is feasible and the ideal charge distribution is 1 ∶ 2.X rays emitted from 55Fe source were collimated to one of strips on the read-out electrode through a slit of 200 μm,position decoding well reproduced the position of the 55Fe source.For its limitations,we have proposed a one-dimensional grouped position encoding read-out technique to address a neighboring strips simultaneously fired situation.The amount of read-out electronics is very easy to approach a obduction of 75% with position encoding read out technology.
Use of the Stokes Parameters of FBG for Transverse Strain Sensing and the Optimization of the Grating Structure

Abstract In this paper, the birefringence effects on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) written into standard single mode fiber under transverse load are analyzed. The evolutions of states of polarization (SOPs) of transmitted light in linear birefringence gratings are studied. We demonstrate that the first normalized Stokes parameter (s1) of the transmitted light in FBG has monotonous relationship with linear birefringence induced by transverse load and can be advantageously used for real-time transverse strain sensor, which is different from the basic sensing theory of the FBG sensors based on direct spectral analysis. The evolution of s1 of FBG in transmission with respect to the transverse load is studied experimentally, and a sensitivity of about 0.089/N is obtained. We also design a special gratings structure to reduce the effect of cross-sensitivity which is typically a limitation of most FBG sensors. The simulations show a great dependence of measurement performances with respect to the shape of transmission spectrum.
Distal Clavicle Excision: An Epidemiologic Study Using the National Ambulatory Surgery Sample Database

Background: This study aimed to examine national trends pertaining to patient demographics and hospital characteristics among distal clavicle excision (DCE) procedures performed in the United States. Methods: The National Ambulatory Surgery Sample (NASS) database was queried for data. Encounters with Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code 29824 were selected. Metrics derived from these encounters included patient demographic information such as age, geographic location, median household income per zip code, and primary expected insurance payer. Hospital characteristics derived included total charges for DCE procedures, location of the hospital, disposition of the patient, hospital census region, control/ownership of the hospital, and location/teaching status of the hospital. The proportion of DCE performed concomitantly with rotator cuff repair (RCR) was also analyzed. P-values were obtained from continuous variables using a t-test with a linear regression model. P-values were obtained from event variables using chi-square analysis. Results: The incidence of arthroscopic DCE in the US decreased from 99,070 in 2016 to 93,678 (5.5%) in 2018. Of note, the proportion of DCE performed concomitantly with RCR significantly increased from 50.4% in 2016 to 52.8% in 2018 (P < 0.0001). Median patient age increased from 2016 to 2018 (56.4 to 57.2; P < 0.0001). The income quartile that saw the highest number of encounters was between $43,000 and $53,999 (P < 0.0001). Hospital trends display an increasing cost from $16,944 to $18,855 over the study period (P = 0.0016). Private insurance, including health maintenance organizations (HMOs), were the largest payers for this procedure; however, a decreasing trend in DCE covered by private insurance was noticed (50.2% to 47.3%; P < 0.0001). Medicare was the second-largest payer ranging from 27.9% in 2016 to 29.9% in 2018. The urban teaching model of hospitals continues to see the highest number of encounters for this procedure. Conclusions: In both 2016 and 2018, private insurance was the most common payer, most DCEs were performed in urban teaching hospitals, and most patients undergoing the procedure had a median household income between $43,000 and $59,000. Between 2016 and 2018, there was a significant increase in costs associated with DCE, as well as an increase in the median age of patients undergoing the procedure. The proportion of DCE performed concurrently with RCR also significantly increased during the study period.
The Structure-Selective Endonucleases GEN1 and MUS81 are Functionally Complementary in Safeguarding the Genome of Proliferating B Lymphocytes

During the development of humoral immunity, activated B lymphocytes undergo vigorous proliferative, transcriptional, metabolic, and DNA remodeling activities; hence, their genomes are constantly exposed to an onslaught of genotoxic agents and processes. Recombination-dependent DNA transactions that preserve the integrity of the genome and of the DNA replication process generates Holliday junctions that must be eliminated for the accurate segregation of sister chromatids and faithful propagation of genomic material. To investigate the role of two Holliday junction resolvases, GEN1 and MUS81, in B cell biology, we established B-cell conditional knockout mouse models and found that targeted deletion of GEN1 and MUS81 in early B cell precursors halts their development and maturation while selective loss of the resolvases in mature B cells inhibits the generation of robust germinal centers. Upon activation, these double-null mature B lymphocytes fail to proliferate and survive while exhibiting transcriptional signatures of p53 signaling, apoptosis, and type I interferon response. Metaphase spreads of these resolvase-deficient cells showed severe and diverse chromosomal abnormalities, including a preponderance of chromosome breaks, consistent with a defect in resolving DNA recombination intermediates. These observations underscore the essential roles of GEN1 and MUS81 in safeguarding the genome to ensure the proper development and maintenance of B lymphocytes.
Early tetrapod diversification under neutral theory

Estimates of deep-time biodiversity typically rely on statistical methods to mitigate the impacts of sampling biases in the fossil record. However, these methods are limited by the spatial and temporal scale of the underlying data. Here, we use a spatially explicit mechanistic model, based on neutral theory, to test hypotheses of early tetrapod diversity change during the late Carboniferous and early Permian, critical intervals for the diversification of vertebrate life on land. Our neutral simulations suggest, in contrast to previous studies, that increases in early tetrapod diversity were not driven by local endemism following the ‘Carboniferous Rainforest Collapse’. We show that apparent changes in face-value diversity can instead be explained by variation in sampling intensity through time. Our results further demonstrate the importance of accounting for sampling biases in analyses of the fossil record and demonstrate the vast potential of mechanistic models, including neutral models, for testing hypotheses in palaeobiology.