Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compact Printed Quasi-Yagi Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth for Wideband Applications

In this paper, a compact planar Printed Quasi-Yagi Antenna is proposed for wideband applications. The proposed antenna consists of driven half bow-tie monopole element, two director strips and finite ground plane. The main feature of the designed antenna is its compact size and which is obtained by modifying the driven element as a half bow-tie shaped monopole and reflector’s shape. To feed the driven half bow-tie monopole element, a linearly tapered microstrip line is implemented which helps to improve the impedance matching over the operating bandwidth. Initially, the proposed design concept has been optimized using CST Microwave studio and obtained results are compared with experimental ones. The measured results show that the antenna has |S11| < -10 dB from 1.62 to 3.12 GHz (63.54 %) with measured peak gain of 5.8 dBi. The proposed antenna has a stable end-fire radiation pattern with cross-polarization level and front to back ratio better than -25 dB and 10 dB respectively. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement. The proposed design is simple in structure with on chip area of 0.41 × 0.41 ${\lambda _{{0^2}}}$ (λ0 is free space wavelength at center frequency of 2.31 GHz).
Time-Domain Modeling and Simulation of EM-Fields Propagation in Anisotropic Dispersive Media with Non-Conformal Meshing

This article presents a time-domain numerical scheme for simulating EM-computational problems that include complex media and fine geometrical details in critical regions. These problems are common in engineering and applied physics. To name a few, microwave and optical devices that contain complex media, antennas characterization in presence of complex media, such as biological tissues, biomedical technology.etc. Modeling such scenarios requires the ability to handle two types of complexities, namely material and geometrical ones. Material complexity is taken into consideration using a convolution process with a matrix of time-domain filters; this models the dispersive and anisotropic nature of such media. On the other hand, non-conformal local mesh refinement approach is adopted to accurately discretize important fine details without exploding the computational resources. Numerical simulations are presented to show the efficiency, the accuracy and the stability of the proposed approach, with comparisons to FEM method and TLM method with regular fine meshing.
4-Stage Switched Beam Phased Array Antenna Using Butler Matrix

Analysis and design of switched beam phased array antenna at millimeter wave frequency is described in this work. To achieve proposed phased array antenna first we have designed an inset feed patch antenna at 35GHz. A passive beam switching network, Butler Matrix, is modelled at 35 GHz where output of the designed beamforming network is fed to linear 1X4 antenna array to scan at angles 15°, -15°, 45°, -45°. The proposed structure is modelled and simulated in HFSS 3D EM simulator.
A Novel Frequency Reconfigurable Yagi-Like MIMO Antenna System

A compact single layer frequency reconfigurable Yagi-like multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is presented based on slot excitation. The traditional omnidirectional pattern of a slot antenna is made directional by using a single slot based complementary wideband reflector (CWBR) element. The total size of the CWBR is 9.5$\times$ 70mm2. The proposed MIMO antenna system can cover the frequency bands from 2.5–4.5 GHz, with a minimum bandwidth of 200 MHz. The frequency reconfigurability is achieved using varactor diodes. The overall size of the proposed antenna system is 40$\times$ 100$\times$ 0.76mm3, making it suitable for compact wireless handheld devices. The antenna system satisfies Yagi as well as MIMO performance metrics.
Frequency Control and Virtual Inertia Emulation Techniques for Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion Systems - A Review

Onshore and offshore wind power generation continue to grow rapidly around the world due to their increasingly competitive prices. Wind turbines in modern wind energy conversion systems are decoupled from the AC grid through power electronic converter interfaces. This results in little or no inertia from these sources from the grid point of view. As a result, high level penetration of wind energy and other converter based renewable energy sources in electricity grids result in reduction of total system inertia thus affecting frequency stability in such systems. In order to mitigate against this phenomenon, a number of inertia emulation and frequency control techniques have been proposed to enable wind energy conversion systems participate in frequency regulation in power grids. This paper reviews the existing inertia emulation and frequency control techniques for grid connected wind energy conversion systems and gives recommendations on future research directions in this field.
An overview of the impact of non-indigenous species on the food web integrity of North American Great Lakes: Lake Erie example

For the past several decades, the North American Great Lakes have suffered from eutrophication. The deteriorating state of the Great Lakes alarmed both the governments of Canada and the United States resulting in the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, which has brought about substantial improvements in water quality. While phosphorus abatement resulted in a significant decrease in nutrients, the sudden invasions of exotic species posed a serious threat to Great Lakes food webs. The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and the quagga mussel (D. bugensis), followed by other exotic species, infested Lakes Erie and Ontario causing a drastic reduction in phytoplankton biomass and increasing water clarity. In Lake Erie, post-Dreissena declines in phytoplankton size structure and changes in community composition were observed in this study, along with significant declines in primary productivity in the west basin. At the other end of the food web, exotic species such as alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) and white perch (Morone americana) have become important to the Lake Erie commercial fishery, while other native fish species have declined. This paper presents an historical perspective and a general overview of the impact of nonindigenous species in the North American Great Lakes from the base of the food web to the fisheries. Lake Erie has been chosen as a case study to provide a detailed treatment. The expansion and growth of nonindigenous species has been responsible for significant modifications to the structural and functional characteristics of the food webs and fisheries of the Great Lakes. Our experience demonstrates the significance of the impact of exotics and the need to manage this serious problem on a global basis so that the integrity of food webs and fisheries throughout the world can be protected. This paper is dedicated to Dr. Jack Vallentyne for his contributions to Great Lakes research, especially for the implementation of the ‘ecosystem approach’. These contributions were in evidence in revisions to the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement and more currently in the management of exotic species.
Safety Penalty Design for Coupled Power and Transportation Networks via Dynamic Feedback

This paper proposes a pricing framework for controlling the charging demand of electric vehicles (EVs) in coupled power and transportation systems. Specifically, we develop a service area partition method based on a biased min-consensus algorithm, which enables us to estimate the charging requests of EV drivers. Then, to control the charging requests of EV drivers, we introduce the concept of safety penalty into the travel cost of EV drivers. The optimal charging demand profile is obtained by solving a safety-constrained optimal power flow problem that aims at minimizing the voltage deviation. The safety penalty is designed based on a closed-loop Proportional-Integral controller to make the charging requests of EV drivers trace the optimal charging demand profile. A numerical study designed on the city map of Shenzhen demonstrates the effectiveness of the control framework.
Rainfall Monitoring Based on Machine Learning by Earth-Space Link in the Ku Band

Recently, the oblique earth-space links (OELs) between satellite and earth station have been used for rainfall monitoring as a supplement to existing observation methods. Most recent studies achieved the rainfall measurement by OELs based on the empirical method such as power-law (PL) model. In practice, two crucial issues need to be addressed: 1) identification of rain and no-rain periods; and 2) determination of attenuation baseline. To solve these problems, this article adopts several machine learning algorithms based on the analysis of earth-space link signal characteristics. For the first issue, we choose the support vector machine as a classifier and the adaptive synthetic sampling algorithm is deployed to eliminate the effects caused by the data imbalance. For the second issue, the long short-term neural network is selected for the determination of attenuation baseline since it has a good ability to solve time-series problem. In terms of the rainfall inversion, we establish a new model by combining the back-propagation (BP) network and genetic algorithm (GA). The PL model is also used as a comparison. To validate the proposed method, we set up an earth-space link that receives the signal from AsiaSat5 in 12.32 GHz. The results demonstrate that the two issues are successfully addressed and the inversion of precipitation is also carried out. Compared to disdrometer, the correlation and mean absolute error of GA-BP model are 0.83 and 1.30 mm/h, respectively, indicating a great potential to use densely OELs for global precipitation monitoring.
Broadside Gain Enhancement of Patch Antenna Using Engineered Superstrate

The effect of superstrate material on microstrip patch antenna is established. Engineered superstrate is placed at a certain height from patch antenna such that spherical diverging wave is converted into converging plane wave and gain enhancement in broadside direction is obtained. To verify the simulated results, the proposed prototype is fabricated and measured. Enhancement in a gain of 7.84 dB is observed in broadside direction using a single layer of superstrate at the design frequency of 9.48 GHz.
A Data-Driven Approach for Optimizing the EV Charging Stations Network

With the exhaustion of oil resources and the aggravation of environmental pollution, electric vehicles, as the main force of new energy consumption, have a more and more promising development prospect. In China, the utilization rate of charging facilities in the public is very low, and there is a large number of redundant charging stations that waste resources. Charging station congestion, meanwhile, is one of the reasons why it is difficult to charge for electric vehicles. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to optimize the existing charging station network by eliminating redundant charging stations, and to identify the charging station congestion areas in the original charging network to provide suggestions for further solving the difficulty of charging electric vehicles. Firstly, we infer that the fine-grained charging situation (consisting of the waiting time and the visiting rate) at different stations. Using a 3D tensor, we model the charging behavior of the electric vehicle, in which the three dimensions represent stations, hours, and days respectively. Secondly, for times and stations with sparse data, we use a context-aware tensor collaborative decomposition method to estimate the situation. For charging stations in a specific period of time, we separately set up a queue system for them to estimate their visiting rate and detect the distribution characteristics of EV charging hotspots in the city. Finally, we introduce a flexible scoring function to evaluate the usage benefits of charging stations and propose a heuristic network expansion algorithm to optimize the network. Applying the data-driven approach to Wuhan city, the results show that using our method can eliminate redundant sites while increasing utilization and find charging station congestion area to guide the government to further charging station planning. Our approach can be adapted for other optimal problems such as chain supermarket layout, public facility planning, and resources configuration using trajectory data.
3D Antenna Array for SWIPT Sensing with WPT Capabilities

In this work, the design and development of an alternative three-dimensional array is presented. This arrangement aims to improve Simultaneously Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) systems and to provide advantages when integrated into a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) architecture. The conceived 3D antenna array consists of eight antenna elements operating at 5.65 GHz that are attached in a 3D printed heptagonal prism. With this structure, it is intended to achieve as close as possible to an omnidirectional radiation pattern with considerable gain, avoiding power losses. The experimental measurements carried out are in line with the performed electromagnetic simulations and validate the array operation. A full azimuth coverage was ensured with an average realized gain of 6.7 dBi. For some azimuth directions, this gain can reach approximately 8.35 dBi. This array proves to be a reliable solution to fed multiple low-power sensors that are placed over the 360 azimuth angles.
In-Line Transmission Parameters Synchronization Protocol for Hitless Optical Coherent Communication

This paper proposes a protocol to share and synchronize transmission parameters between a transmitter and a receiver of two optical transponders to allow for hitless communication. It has been validated on a 100G real-time platform in terms of latency, adding only 12ns to packet round latency, and in terms of frame loss.
Motivated Cue-Integration and Emotion Regulation: Awareness of the Association Between Interoceptive and Exteroceptive Embodied Cues and Personal Need Creates an Emotion Goal

Research on emotion suggests that individuals regulate their emotions to attain hedonic or instrumental goals. However, little is known of emotion regulation under low emotional clarity. The theory of motivated cue integration (MCI) suggests that emotion regulation under low emotional clarity should be understood as dissociation between a high-level individual hierarchical system of goals and low level interoceptive and exteroceptive embodied cues. MCI conceptualizes low emotional clarity as the product of low access to signals of emotion that result in prediction error associated with mismatch between the current bodily state and the predicted state. This deficit in emotional processing could be understood as a problem of means substitution, suggesting that use of alternative multisensory data may facilitate situational evaluation. Based on this reasoning, a new perspective on emotion regulation under low emotional clarity is presented, according to which interchangeable attention to multisensory data associated with words, associations, and images may help in cue integration, enabling the creation of a link between concrete bodily cues, abstract mental representation, and a more accurate prediction. Based on the idea that emotional episodes are conceptualized as special types of goal-directed action episodes, this process will lead to the creation of broader integrative meaning, results in the development of emotion goal.
Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Behavior Is Affected by Alternating Diets of Corn and Soybean

Abstract Western corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with resistance to crop rotation, frequently move between fields of corn, Zea mays L. , and soybean, Glycine max L. Merril, laying eggs in both crops. By comparing the behavioral and reproductive responses of beetles experiencing mixed corn and soybean diets to those provided with a continuous corn diet, the cost of mixing diets was measured. Larvae were collected near Urbana, IL (rotation-resistant population), and Monmouth, IL (typical rotation-susceptible population), and reared to adults in the laboratory. Females from each population were assigned to alternating corn and soybean diets of different durations. Beetles were more likely to feed on corn if it followed soybean than if they had continuous access to corn. The cost of a mixed corn and soybean diet was minimal; the fecundity of females given alternating diets of corn and soybean was similar to that of beetles given daily access to corn diets. Females laid more eggs on days when they had access to soybean than on days with access to corn, suggesting dietary stress can induce oviposition. The only behavioral difference between the populations was a greater sensitivity to daily alternation of corn and soybean diets among beetles from the rotation-susceptible population. We found no evidence that rotation-resistant adult D. v. virgifera have any greater inclination or capacity to feed on soybean tissue than rotation-susceptible adults. Instead, periodic exposure to soybean results in nutritional stress that increases oviposition rate, lowers the threshold for feeding, and increases beetle activity.
3D Printed Broadband Double-Ridged Waveguide to Coax Transition

A broadband double-ridged waveguide to coax transition, specifically designed for 3D printing manufacturing is demonstrated. The transition employs a shorted-probe excitation topology. VSWR $\lt$ 1.8:1 over the entire bandwidth of 6-18GHz is achieved. A sensitivity analysis to the design parameters is presented and some fabrication issues are discussed. Excellent repeatability is obtained with measured results closely resembling theory.
Highly-Integrated Dual-Band mmWave Antenna Array for 5G Mobile Phone Application

Highly-integrated 28 GHz and 39 GHz array antennas for 5G mobile phone applications have been presented. The 28 GHz array consists of dual open-slots antennas as array elements and the 39 GHz array consists of folded loop antennas as array elements. This article demonstrates that 0.25 wavelength slot mode of the open-slots antenna and 1.5 wavelength loop mode of the folded loop antenna are promising candidates for generating directional radiation patterns fulfilling beam-scanning applications. And by properly designing the 0.25 wavelength slot mode to cover 28 GHz band and the 1.5 wavelength loop mode to cover the 39 GHz band, the proposed 28 GHz and 39 GHz array antennas can be compatible and coexisted at a limited side space of a mobile phone with keeping independent beam scanning operations for achieving a higher space utilization rate. This will be useful and attractive for future multiband and multimode millimeter wave mobile phone applications.
Differences in the Role of HDACs 4 and 5 in the Modulation of Processes Regulating MAFbx and MuRF1 Expression during Muscle Unloading

Unloading leads to skeletal muscle atrophy via the upregulation of MuRF-1 and MAFbx E3-ligases expression. Reportedly, histone deacetylases (HDACs) 4 and 5 may regulate the expression of MuRF1 and MAFbx. To examine the HDAC-dependent mechanisms involved in the control of E3-ubiquitin ligases expression at the early stages of muscle unloading we used HDACs 4 and 5 inhibitor LMK-235 and HDAC 4 inhibitor Tasqinimod (Tq). Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (eight rats per group): nontreated control (C), three days of unloading/hindlimb suspension (HS) and three days HS with HDACs inhibitor LMK-235 (HSLMK) or Tq (HSTq). Treatment with LMK-235 diminished unloading-induced of MAFbx, myogenin (MYOG), ubiquitin and calpain-1 mRNA expression (p < 0.05). Tq administration had no effect on the expression of E3-ligases. The mRNA expression of MuRF1 and MAFbx was significantly increased in both HS and HSTq groups (1.5 and 4.0 folds, respectively; p < 0.05) when compared with the C group. It is concluded that during three days of muscle unloading: (1) the HDACs 4 and 5 participate in the regulation of MAFbx expression as well as the expression of MYOG, ubiquitin and calpain-1; (2) the inhibition of HDAC 4 has no effect on MAFbx expression. Therefore, HDAC 5 is perhaps more important for the regulation of MAFbx expression than HDAC 4.
Stroke-Onset Seizures During Midbrain Infarction in a Patient With Top of the Basilar Syndrome

Risk factors for early-onset seizures in acute ischemic stroke include anterior circulation stroke, infarction of the cerebral cortex, large infarct size, and ischemic-to-hemorrhagic transformation. We define stroke-onset seizures as seizures occurring within 2 hours of stroke onset. A 64-year-old woman presented with top of the basilar artery syndrome—thalamic infarction occurred first and midbrain infarction 12 days later. She manifested stroke-onset seizures during midbrain infarction, which was heralded by stupor. Within 2 hours of the onset of stupor, she had a clonic seizure of the lower extremities, electroencephalography (EEG) revealed nonconvulsive status epilepticus, and an episode of convulsive movements of all extremities was recorded on video and on EEG. Continuous EEG recording showed epileptiform discharges that would appear, disappear, and reappear over a 3-week period. It took 3 weeks and 4 antiepileptic drugs to fully suppress cortical hyperexcitability, perhaps because injury to some midbrain structures resulted in global lowering of the seizure threshold. The most important risk factor for stroke-onset seizures appears to be posterior circulation stroke, particularly brainstem infarction. The difference in risk profile between stroke-onset seizures and other forms of early-onset seizures suggest that their pathophysiology is not exactly the same. Focusing some of the research spotlight on stroke-onset seizures can help us better understand their unique clinical, electrographic, radiologic, and pathophysiologic features.
Route Planning Strategy for Smart Tourism Services Development

The paper proposes a route planning strategy integrated in a software platform, capable to offer personalized visiting program for touristic zones. The presented solution is based on the utilization of multimodal intelligent transportation systems, having the potential to contribute to the development of smart low-carbon cities. The considered approach is based on two different routing algorithms: an exact one, the Martins algorithm, applied for the initial scheduling of the travel and NSGA-II, and a faster metaheuristic algorithm to tackle momentary modifications generated by new decisions and unexpected events. The multi-objective scheduling strategy was implemented and tested for medium, time dependent transport networks. In order to develop smart tourism services, the platform also integrates the conceptual and implementation support offered by cloud computing.
Triple-Band Dual-Polarized Ku-band SIW antenna

The design of a triple-band dual-polarized substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity back antenna is proposed in this paper. A T-shaped SIW cavity is conceived. The two mutually perpendicular slots etched on the top metallic surface generate two orthogonal linear polarizations (LP). One of these slots is etched on the longitudinal arm which resonates at 14.75 GHz. The other slot on the transverse arm results resonances at 13.14 GHz and 14.35 GHz. The antenna exhibits a gain of about 4.7dBi, 5.3dBi and 6.1dBi at 13.14 GHz, 14.35 GHz and 14.75 GHz respectively. The 3dB beam-widths are about 74 x 85.