Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lectures on the Mass of Topological Solitons Heat kernel/Zeta function control of one-loop divergences

In this series of lectures a method is developed to compute one-loop shifts to classical masses of kinks, multi-component kinks, and self-dual vortices. Canonical quantization is used to show that the mass shift induced by one-loop quantum fluctuations is the trace of the square root of the differential operator governing these fluctuations. Standard mathematical techniques are used to deal with some powers of pseudo-differential operators. Ultraviolet divergences are tamed by using generalized zeta function regularization methods and, then performing zero-point energy and mass renormalizations. Information about the meromorphic structure of the generalized zeta function of the second-order fluctuation operator K around the classical solution is obtained from the Kheat equation kernel via the Mellin transform. In particular, the high-temperature expansion of the partition function provides the residua at the poles of the generalized zeta function in terms of the Seeley coefficients of the asymptotic approximation. In this way a formula is derived that allows computation of one-loop mass shifts for kinks, multi-component kinks, and self-dual Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortices. Numerical results for the Seeley coefficients as well as the mass shifts, obtained by means of a Mathematica environment implemented on a standard PC, are offered. A qualitative analysis of the outcome shows a common trend in the mass shift of the three types of topological defects analyzed. A comparison with exact results is presented whenever possible, i.e., for the kink and the TK1 kink, respectively, of the λφ and BNRT models. Oneloop renormalization of the planar Abelian Higgs model requires use of the Feynman-’t Hooft renormalizable gauge, in the vacuum sector, or the background gauge, in vortex sectors. FaddeevPopov ghosts that restore unitarity are dealt with in the Hamiltonian framework in a novel fashion.
VLT-ISAAC 3-5 $\mu$m spectroscopy as a new tool for investigating H$_\mathsf{2}$ emission in protostellar jets

We report 3-5 μ m IR spectroscopy obtained with VLT-ISAAC on the IRS17 molecular hydrogen jet in the Vela-D Molecular Cloud. Together with H 2 emission lines from the $v =$ 1 rovibrational state, the spectra show several pure rotational lines of the fundamental state with excitation temperature up to ~22 000 K. We show how theoretical rotation diagrams indicate these lines as unique both to probe the presence of collisionally excited gas in NLTE conditions and to infer the gas density.
IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

: A new chiral material composed of a two-dimensional lattice of ﬁve-segment cranks, with the same handedness is experimentally and numerically studied. The sample, formed by a single layer of such structures, exhibits huge electromagnetic activity and a negative refraction index for linearly polarized waves. Both the chirality parameter and the bandwidth with the negative refraction index are larger than those observed in chiral media composed of three-segment cranks. The material also shows pronounced electromagnetic activity (larger than 500 ◦ per wavelength). This observed behaviour is attributed to the fact that the ﬁve-segment conﬁguration enhances the electromagnetic coupling compared with the three-segment conﬁguration.
Investigating the Influence of Learner Diversity on the E-learning Investigating the Influence of Learner Diversity on the E-learning

University students’ demographics have been changing in the past two decades. Students diversity becomes an important factor in evaluating e-learning acceptance. Using a previously validated e-learning acceptance model, the paper investigated the construct means differences among various academic departments and between nontraditional continuing education and traditional higher education students, and tested the differences in model relationships between nontraditional and traditional student groups. Inferential statistics ( t tests, ANOVA) and multiple-group Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using LISREL were performed for the data analysis. The results revealed that different needs of various learner groups for e-learning, rather than academic discipline or gender, seem to drive the differences in intention to use IT for distance education and for supplementary learning. In addition, two relationships in the path model varied between nontraditional and traditional students groups. System functionality predicted intention to use e-learning as a supplementary learning tool for traditional students, but not for nontraditional students. Perceived usefulness predicted intention to use e-learning as a supplementary learning tool more strongly for nontraditional students than for traditional students. The implications for management and practices are discussed.
Quantum hydrodynamics, Wigner transforms, the classical limit

We analyse the classical limit of the quantum hydrodynamic equations as the Planck constant tends to zero. The equations have the form of an Euler system with a constant pressure and a dispersive regularisation term, which (formally) tends to zero in the classical limit. The main tool of the analysis is the exploitation of a kinetic equation, which lies behind the quantum hydrodynamic system. The presented analysis can also be interpreted as an alternative approach to the geometrical optics (WKB)-analysis of the Schrequation.
Neutrophil Granulocytes and Delay Their Multiply in Chlamydia pneumoniae

The obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen Chlamydia pneumoniae ( Cp ) is responsible for a range of human diseases, including acute respiratory infection. Although experimental intratracheal infection with Cp results in a massive recruitment of neutrophil granulocytes (polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)), the role of these cells in the defense against Cp is unclear. In this study the interactions of PMN with Cp were investigated. In vitro coincubation experiments showed that human granulocytes were able to internalize Chlamydia in an opsonin-independent manner. Importantly, phagocytosed Cp were not killed; the ingested bacteria survived and multiplied within PMN. Although uninfected granulocytes became apoptotic within 10 h, infected PMN survived up to 90 h. Coincubation with Cp signiﬁcantly decreased the ratio of apoptotic PMN, as detected by morphological analysis, annexin V, and TUNEL staining. The observed antiapoptotic effect was associated with a markedly lower level of procaspase-3 processing and, consequently, reduced caspase-3 activity in infected PMN. LPS was found as a major, but not exclusive, component responsible for the observed antiapoptotic effect. Chlamydia LPS affected PMN apoptosis both by acting directly on the cells and by inducing the autocrine production of the antiapoptotic cytokine IL-8. These data show that, in contrast to other microbial pathogens that drive phagocytes into apoptosis to escape killing, Cp can extend the life span of neutrophil granulocytes, making them suitable host cells for survival and multiplication within the ﬁrst hours/days after infection. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 1768–1776.
Nonsingular Metric Elastic Universe

In the RTFD(Gusev (1986)) the conception of a Sakharov - Wheeler Metric Elasticity(SWME)(Sakharov (1967), Wheeler (1970)) had been worked out. On the basis of the exact solutions of Einstein equations and qualitative analysis RTFD the global evolution have been studied and the phase portraits of the early Universe is being constructed. An analysis of phase portraits show on the possibility description of spontaneous creation of Universe from an initial Minkowskian’s vacuum to an inflationary de Sitter space-time in the frame of phenomenological non-quantum theory (Guth (1991)). During the past decade, a radically new picture of cosmology has emerged. The present homogeneous expanding Universe would have stated out with a de Sitter phase. The purpose of this paper is to shown that the geometry-dynamical approach to the Einstein’s gravitation theory in the frame RTFD also is leaded to the nonsingular cosmological models (Brandenberger (1993)). Let us to propose that before the some moment of time the Universe is at the vacuum state and is described the geometry of Minkowskian’s space.
Finite difference method for a general fractional porous medium equation

We formulate a numerical method to solve the porous medium type equation with fractional diffusion \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}+(-\Delta)^{\sigma/2} (u^m)=0 \] posed for $x\in \mathbb{R}^N$, $t>0$, with $m\geq 1$, $\sigma \in (0,2)$, and nonnegative initial data $u(x,0)$. We prove existence and uniqueness of the solution of the numerical method and also the convergence to the theoretical solution of the equation with an order depending on $\sigma$. We also propose a two points approximation to a $\sigma$-derivative with order $O(h^{2-\sigma})$.
BIROn - Birkbeck Institutional Research Online Learning and steering: implementation patterns and the Greek central government.

: Greece is frequently construed as a laggard in the implementation of EU policy. This paper examines the key characteristics of the Greek central government and links them to patterns of policy implementation. However, since governments, like all organisations, have the capacity to learn. Thus, implementation patterns change over time. Observations and inferences from experience matched by the acquisition of new techniques and critical events help improve the implementation of EU public policy. This is demonstrated by means of a case study (public procurement policy). i Discussing implementation in the US federal setting, Berman (1978) usefully distinguished between micro-implementation , that is the activity of local organisations responding to federal action, and macro-implementation , i.e. federal action aiming to steer micro-implementation. This article focuses on macro-implementation. In that sense it differs from a classical implementation study as it is concerned with broad procedural patterns within the institutional context of the Greek central government. ii It is doubtful from double-loop learning at level: trick. This is by the that PASOK from the to out of the terms
No Fun no Use? The Impact of Gamification on User's Continuous Usage Intention toward E-Business App

: Gamification as an internal incentive method has been widely adopted in practice. Compared with the traditional external rewards, internal rewards can stimulate the enthusiasm of users. This paper ， therefore ， explores and constructs a model on how gamification (herein composed of three dimensions: sense of achievement, social influence and sense of ownership) affects user’s continuance intention from the perspective of intrinsic motivation (herein composed of three dimensions: self-presentation, entertainment and self-efficacy). Through the multiple regression analysis of 456 e-shoppers sample data by using the software of SMARTPLS 3.0, we draw the following five conclusions: gamification was positively correlated with self-presentation, entertainment and self-efficacy; sense of achievement, social influence and sense of ownership, significantly positively affected self-presentation, entertainment and self-efficacy; there is no correlation between self-presentation and users' continuance intention; entertainment and self-efficacy are positively correlated with users' continuance intention; and entertainment and self-efficacy play a mediation role between gamification and users' continuance intention.
PostScript ﬁle Comment on ‘Testing earthquake prediction methods: “The West Paciﬁc short-term forecast of earthquakes with magnitude MwHRV ≥ 5.8”’

In his paper Kossobokov investigates the eﬃciency of our short-term forecast for two western Paciﬁc regions. Although we agree with the basic results of his evaluation that the forecast statistics is much better than a random guess, we have reservations about his deﬁnition of earthquake prediction, some of his tests, and his interpretation of the test results. We distinguish between deterministic earthquake predictions and statistical forecasts. We argue that some techniques used by Kossobokov may not be appropriate for testing our forecasts and discuss other testing methods, based on the likelihood function. We demonstrate that Kossobokov’s null hypothesis may be biased, and this bias can inﬂuence some of his conclusions. We show that contrary to Kossobokov’s statement, our algorithm predicts mainshocks when they are preceded by foreshocks.
Multivariate Concentration Inequalities with Size Biased Couplings

Let $\mathbf{W}=(W_1,W_2,.,W_k)$ be a random vector with nonnegative coordinates having nonzero and finite variances. We prove concentration inequalities for $\mathbf{W}$ using size biased couplings that generalize the previous univariate results. Two applications on local dependence and counting patterns are provided.
JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE CAN DETECT KILONOVAE IN GRAVITATIONAL WAVE FOLLOW-UP SEARCH

Kilonovae represent an important electromagnetic counterpart for compact binary mergers, which could become the most commonly detected gravitational-wave (GW) source. Follow-up observations of kilonovae, triggered by GW events, are nevertheless difficult due to poor localization by GW detectors and due to their faint near-infrared peak emission, which has limited observational capability. We show that the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the James Webb Space Telescope will be able to detect kilonovae within the relevant GW-detection range of ∼200 Mpc in short (≲12-s) exposure times for a week following the merger. Despite this sensitivity, a kilonova search fully covering a fiducial localized area of 10 deg2 will not be viable with NIRCam due to its limited field of view. However, targeted surveys may be developed to optimize the likelihood of discovering kilonovae efficiently within limited observing time. We estimate that a survey of 10 deg2 focused on galaxies within 200 Mpc would require about 13 hr, dominated by overhead times; a survey further focused on galaxies exhibiting high star formation rates would require ∼5 hr. The characteristic time may be reduced to as little as ∼4 hr, without compromising the likelihood of detecting kilonovae, by surveying sky areas associated with 50%, rather than 90%, confidence regions of 3 GW events, rather than a single event. Upon the detection and identification of a kilonova, a limited number of NIRCam follow-up observations could constrain the properties of matter ejected by the binary and the equation of state of dense nuclear matter.
Asthma, body mass and aerobic fitness, the relationship in adolescents: the eXercise for Asthma with Commando Joe’s® (X4ACJ) trial Running head: Relationship between asthma, body mass and fitness

Although an association has been suggested between asthma, obesity, fitness and physical activity, the relationship between these parameters remains to be elucidated in adolescents. Six-hundred and sixteen adolescents were recruited (334 boys; 13.0±1.1years; 1.57±0.10m; 52.6±12.9kg), of which 155 suffered from mild-to-moderate asthma (78 boys). Participants completed a 20-metre shuttle run test, lung function and 7-day objective physical activity measurements and completed asthma control and quality of life questionnaires. Furthermore, 69 adolescents (36 asthma; 21 boys) completed an incremental ramp cycle ergometer test. Although participants with asthma completed significantly fewer shuttle runs than their peers, peak VO2 did not differ between the groups. However, adolescents with asthma engaged in less physical activity (53.9±23.5 vs 60.5±23.6minutes) and had higher BMI (22.2±4.8 vs 20.4±3.7kg·m-2), than their peers. Whilst a significant relationship was found between quality of life and cardiorespiratory fitness according to peak VO2, only BMI was revealed as a significant predictor of asthma status. The current findings highlight the need to use accurate measures of cardiorespiratory fitness rather than indirect estimates to assess the influence of asthma during adolescence. Furthermore, the present study suggests that BMI and fitness may be key targets for future interventions seeking to improve asthma quality of life.
Neutrino Emissivities as a Probe of the Internal Magnetic Fields of White Dwarfs

The evolution of white dwarfs (WDs) depends crucially on thermal processes. The plasma in their core can produce neutrinos that escape from the star, thus contributing to the energy loss. While in the absence of a magnetic field the main cooling mechanism is plasmon decay at high temperature and photon surface emission at low temperature, a large magnetic field in the core hiding beneath the surface even of ordinary WDs, and undetectable to spectropolarimetric measurements, could potentially leave an imprint in the cooling. In this paper, we revisit the contribution to WD cooling stemming from neutrino pair synchrotron radiation and the effects of the magnetic field on plasmon decay. Our key finding is that even if observations limit the magnetic field strength at the stellar surface, magnetic fields in the interior of WDs—with or without a surface magnetic field—can be strong enough to modify the cooling rate, with neutrino pair synchrotron emission being the most important contribution. This effect may not only be relevant for the quantification and interpretation of cooling anomalies, but suggests that the internal magnetic fields of WDs should be smaller than ∼ 6 × 1011 G, slightly improving bounds coming from a stability requirement. While our simplified treatment of the WD structure implies that further studies are needed to reduce the systematic uncertainties, the estimates based on comparing the emissivities illustrate the potential of neutrino emission as a diagnostic tool to study the interior of WDs.
Testing the quantum effects near the event horizon with respect to the black hole shadow

In recent years, the study of quantum effects near the event horizon of a black hole (BH) has attracted extensive attention. It has become one of the important methods to explore BH quantum properties using the related properties of a quantum deformed BH. In this work, we study the effect of a quantum deformed BH on the BH shadow in two-dimensional Dilaton gravity. In this model, quantum effects are reflected by the quantum correction parameter m. By calculation, we find that: (1) the shape of the shadow boundary of a rotating BH is determined by the BH spin a, the quantum correction parameter m, and the BH type parameter n; (2) when the spin , the shape of the BH shadow is a perfect circle; when , the shape is distorted; if the quantum correction parameter , their shapes reduce to the cases of a Schwarzschild BH and Kerr BH, respectively; (3) the degree of distortion of the BH shadow is different for various quantum correction parameters m; with an increase in the parameter m, the boundary of the BH shadow expands; (4) the size of the BH shadow varies greatly with respect to various quantum deformed BHs (n), and the change in BH shadow shape caused by parameter n is similar to that caused by parameter m, which indicates that there is a "degenerate phenomenon" between the two parameters. Because the value of m in actual physics should be very small, the current observations of the event horizon telescope (EHT) cannot distinguish quantum effects from the BH shadow. In future BH shadow measurements, it will be possible to distinguish quantum deformed BHs, which will help to better understand the quantum effects of BHs.
APOS theory : a framework for research and curriculum development in mathematics education

Chapter 1 Introduction. - Chapter 2 From Piaget's Theory to APOS Theory: Reflective Abstraction in Learning Mathematics and the Historical Development of APOS Theory. - Chapter 3 Mental Structures and Mechanisms: APOS Theory and the Construction of Mathematical Knowledge. - Chapter 4 Genetic Decomposition. - Chapter 5 The Teaching of Mathematics Using APOS Theory. - Chapter 6 The APOS Paradigm for Research and Curriculum Development. - Chapter 7 Schemas, Their Development and Interaction. - Chapter 8 Totality as a Possible New Stage and Levels in APOS Theory. - Chapter 9 Use of APOS Theory to Teach Mathematics at Elementary School. - Chapter 10 Frequently Asked Questions. - Chapter 11 Conclusions. - Chapter 12 Annotated Bibliography. - References. - Index.
Messages from university teachers to their students with low academic performance during online teaching necessitated by COVID-19

COVID-19 generated new forms of student-teacher interactions, and it increased the use of virtual educational environments. Electronic messaging is one of the most widely used forms of communication between teachers and students. However, few studies on how teachers provide feedback motivate and encourage students to engage in academic activities in online learning environments. This study aims to characterize messages sent by university teachers to their students with low academic performance during the emergency remote teaching in the COVID-19 pandemic context. The electronic messages were obtained through the snowball sampling technique. The sample consisted of eighteen email threads facilitated by six universities. Ethical requirements for this type of research were met, and discourse or text analysis was used as a methodology with a qualitative approach and hermeneutic orientation. This study shows two main results. First, the necessary data to identify students with low academic performance can be mainly obtained from their teachers and third parties, like university authorities. Second, there are a number of elements to consider when creating messages to improve the engagement of underperforming students. These fundamental elements are: tone of voice, content of the message and moment in which the message is sent. Messages that are explicitly written for each student or group of students and messages that were written with anticipation, showed to be most effective in engaging students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Radiation shielding and safety systems of the SPring-8 angstrom compact free-electron laser, SACLA (The 12th International Conference on Radiation Shielding (ICRS-12) and the 17th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division of ANS (RPSD-2012)) -- (Accelerator Facilities)

The shielding design of the 8-GeV class X-ray Free-Electron Laser facility at SPring-8, SACLA, has been accomplished by using a semi-empirical code, SHIELD11, and Monte Carlo codes, EGS4 and FLUKA for the bulk shield. These results were compared with each other. The Beamline hutches of SACLA have also been designed and the leakage doses have been estimated including the incident conditions of the abnormal electron aberrance. SACLA is now being operated stably with sub-angstrom oscillations without any radiation problems.
Role of ontologies in beach safety management analytics systems

Events at public beaches are one of the most popular recreational activities of local communities and international visitors in all places around the world. Amongst others, the beach safety management in protected areas needs support for continuous analysis and decision making on incidents at the beach areas. There is a lack of available standard models to assist data scientists to represent analytics models including different spheres of interplay domain variables related to beach safety management. Using the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM), we developed ontological models that facilitate a unified representation and maintenance analytics models. We contribute to the ontology design theory for analytics models underlying analytics systems for the beach safety management domain. Our research findings can be used in the general class of ontology design problem for analytics systems in practice.