Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High spatial efficiency single-particle trapping array based on a microfluidic device

High-throughput single cell trapping is critical for cell biology research. In this paper, a microfluidic device with micro-cup array is designed to achieve high-throughput single-particle trapping. Microspheres were aspired in the micro-cup array and immobilized in site by hydrodynamic force generated by the flow. Design of micro-cup is optimized based on “least flow resistance path” principle showing that higher volume flow ratio leads to better capturing efficiency. The result showed 100% capturing efficiency with flow ratio of 1.744. Also, by placing the micro-cup structure side-by-side in the channel, high-throughput of the microfluidic device is realized. 35 microspheres can be captured in the trapping area of 160×510 μm2 which is a promising tool for high-throughput single cell analysis.
Microbiological assay for the determination of azithromycin in ophthalmic solutions

The validation of a simple, sensitive and specific agar diffusion bioassay, applying cylinder-plate method, for the determination of the antibiotic azithromycin in ophthalmic solutions is described. Using a strain of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 9372 as the test organism, azithromycin at concentrations ranging from 50.0 to 200.0 μg·mL -1 could be measured in 1.666 7 mg·mL -1 ophthalmic solutions. A prospective validation of the method showed that the method was linear (r=0.999 9) and precise (RSD=0.70) and accurate (it measured the added quantities). The results obtained by bioassay method could be statistically calculated by linear parallel model and by means of regression analysis and verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA). We conclude that the microbiological assay is satisfactory for quantification of azithromycin in ophthalmic solutions.
Near infrared light excited sensors NaYbF4@ NaYF4

The luminescence and temperature response characteristics of NaYF4 containing 15% NaYBF4 were investigated. NaYbF4@ NaYF4 has good thermal stability and excellent response characteristics in the temperature in the range from 300 to 500 K, which significantly increases the upper limit of temperature detection of ytterbium temperature sensor. A self-calibration relationship between the reciprocal of temperature and the natural logarithm ratio of luminescent intensity has been discovered. Compared with the values of ln(I1048/I967) or ln (I947/I967) in Yb3+ emission spectra, the relationship between ln (I990/I967) and 1/T is not linear, but exponential attenuation relationship with better temperature resolution near 400 K. Oxygen has no influence on these relations because of the ordered and dense crystal structure, which leading to the separation of Yb3+ and oxygen.
A shear-lag analysis of stress transfer through a cohesive fibre-matrix interface

A shear-lag model with a cohesive fibre-matrix interface is presented for the analysis of stress transfer between the fibre and the matrix in unidirectional fibre-reinforced composites. The fibre–matrix interface is described by an irreversible bilinear cohesive traction-separation law. The interface is initially perfectly bonded and linear elastic. Beyond the elastic deformation regime during fibre pullout, interfacial damage initiates and evolves progressively, exhibiting a reduction in the shear strength and a degradation of the shear stiffness. The governing equations for the interfacial shear stress and the axial stress in the fibre are derived. Analytical solutions of stress distribution and evolution are obtained using a shear strength-based debonding criterion. Depending on the parameters of the fibre-matrixcohesive interface system, the stresses in the cohesive interface damage process zone may obey two different types of governing equations.
Atomistic simulations of grain boundary migration under recrystallisation conditions

We present details of an approach to simulating the migration of grain boundaries using classical molecular dynamics (MD) in a regime in which the boundary motion is driven by the presence of dislocation defects resulting from plastic deformation. By simulating the shrinkage of spherical grains of deformed material embedded in a perfect crystal, we create conditions in which grain boundary motion takes place on time scales accessible to MD simulations, in which the defect free energy acts as a driving force additional to the capillary force due to excess grain boundary energy. This approach is particularly flexible in allowing arbitrary choices of misorientation axis and angle and providing an interface in which all grain boundary plane orientations are represented. This flexibility is at the cost of additional complexity in the system under study and we establish an approach suitable for analysing the excess grain boundary energy and the components of the force for boundary motion on a local basis over the surface of the shrinking grain. We demonstrate that this approach is able to resolve variation in the grain boundary energy related to the intrinsic grain boundary dislocation network in lower angle boundaries and to detect local maxima in the driving force due to the dislocation structure within the deformed grain. We show that the variation in measured grain boundary velocities is accounted for by the excess energy of the dislocations. We further show that the presence of dislocations in the shrinking grain has a tendency to reduce the anisotropy in grain boundary behaviour. Indicative evidence is presented that the dislocation network may act as a focal point for mechanisms of grain boundary migration.
Passive Components for Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Applications

UWB technology brings the convenience and mobility of wireless communications to very high-speed interconnects in the home and office due to the precision capabilities combined with the low power. This makes it ideal for certain radio frequency sensitive environments such as hospitals and healthcare as well as radars. UWB intrusion-detection radar is used for detecting through the wall and also used for security with fuse avoidance radar, precision locating and tracking (using distance measurements between radios), and precision time-of-arrival-based localiza-tion approaches. The FCC issued a ruling in 2002 that allowed intentional UWB emissions in the frequency range between 3.1 and 10.6 GHz, subject to certain restrictions for the emission power spectrum. Other definitions for ultra-wideband range of frequency are also used such as any device that has 500 MHz bandwidth or fractional bandwidth greater than 25% is considered an UWB enable high data rate to be transferred with a very low power that does not exceed (cid:1) 41.3 dBm. The main advantage of UWB technology is that it has the ability to transmit high bandwidth data between various devices with distances in the order of 10 m far from each other, such as home or office appliances with high sped transfer which may reach 1Gbit/s. There are many components that are designed and used in UWB systems such as antennas, power dividers/combiners, filters (LPF, BPF, etc.), rectennas, filtennas, etc. Many types of antennas are able to achieve UWB. Monopole antennas are usually used as linearly polarized antennas which prove to be the best whelming choice for use in various automobiles and mobile equipment. Log parodic and Yagi antennas are other types of UWB with high gain. Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure as defected ground or split ring resonator are also used to improve the antenna bandwidth and achieve UWB. UWB range of frequency and also with narrow band modes to cover for example UWB/WiMAX applications.
Discrete Gyroid Surface

We present a discrete gyroid surface. The gyroid is a triply periodic minimal surface, our discrete version has the same symmetries as the smooth gyroid and can be constructed from simple translational units. Minimal Surfaces, Periodicity, and the Gyroid Surface Soap bubbles are fascinating to both children and adults. While being beautiful to look at, they solve a complex optimization problem. This becomes even more apparent when dipping a bent wire into a soap solution. The soap forms a film to span the border—given by the wire frame—with the smallest surface area possible. Famous mathematicians have worked to identify and construct different minimal surfaces, e.g. Leonhard Euler who described the Catenoid in 1744. A large class of minimal surfaces is given by triply periodic minimal surfaces. One can think of them as constructions from translational units, where each such unit is given by a space filling polyhedron. When the surface has been constructed in one unit, it is extended to neighboring units by parallel translation. To get a continuous surface at the unit boundaries, the surface in the translational unit is often constructed with additional reflective and rotational symmetries. In the 1880s, Schwarz and his student Neovius described a set of such surfaces which results from a solution of Plateau’s problem for a polygon and the aforementioned translational construction [6]. The gyroid is a minimal surface, which belongs to the associate family of the Schwarz P and Schwarz D surface, see the article of Schoen from 1970 [5]. In his publication, Schoen noted that the gyroid contains neither straight lines nor planar symmetries. He was, however, not able to prove it to be embedded in R3. This proof is due to Große-Brauckmann and Wohlgemuth in 1996 [1]. Like Schwarz P and Schwarz D, it is a triply periodic minimal surface. Translational units of these three infinite surfaces are shown in Figure 1. Schwarz P cube Gyroid cube Schwarz D rhombic dodecahedron Schwarz D cube Figure 1: Translational units for triply periodic minimal surfaces Bridges 2019 Conference Proceedings
delaying the first Pregnancy: A s urvey in maharashtra, r ajasthan and Bangladesh

Childbearing in adolescence, a common practice in south Asia, can adversely affect the health of both mother and child. This qualitative study was conducted in three sites in India and Bangladesh where low birth weight is prevalent to explore the ability of newly-weds to negotiate the timing of their first pregnancy. The pattern in each site generally reflected prevailing social views on contraception, childbearing and couple communication.
Multicultural Counseling Competencies and Standards: A Call to the Profession

In April 1991, the Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development (AMCD) approved a document outlining the need and rationale for a multicultural perspective in counseling. The work of the Professional Standards committee went much further in proposing 31 multicultural counseling competencies and strongly encouraged the American Association for Counseling and Development (AACD) and the counseling profession to adopt these competencies in accreditation criteria. The hope was to have the competencies eventually become a standard for curriculum reform and training of helping professionals.
Exploring the information needs of patients who haveundergone PCI

In Australia percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) rates have significantly increased over the last decade. However, often, in the hospital setting, there is little time for comprehensive patient education due to the urgency for coronary artery catheterisation, and short length of patient stay. - Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the information needs of first-time PCI patients four to six weeks post-procedure. - Method and Results This study was based on a naturalistic inquiry approach using semi-structured interviews with 10 participants and field notes as the methods of data collection. Data were analysed utilising Thomas’ (2003) five steps to a thematic analysis, incorporating a constant comparative approach. Four themes were identified: ‘Events leading up’; ‘Information prior’; ‘About the procedure’; and ‘Lifestyle’. - Conclusions Findings highlighted the numerous educational needs of participants for PCI across the continuum of their clinical admission and discharge. Furthermore, the study uncovered the need for a tailored approach to PCI patient information delivery. Findings also demonstrated the need to further identify and trial different information delivery methods and timing of PCI education to patients and their families.
Studying the mechanism of graphene formation by chemical vapor deposition synthesis

Due to their unique properties, 2D materials have a great potential in various applications. It argued that chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is widely used in the synthesis of graphene. In this paper the experiments results of the synthesis of graphene layers by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method on the copper (Cu) foil discussed. However, desired quality of graphene layers is not always achievable. Therefore, controllable synthesis in domain size and morphology is required for large-scale applications. Examples of the synthesis parameters of polycrystalline and monocrystalline graphene are given. Mechanism of graphene formation studied during the synthesis process. The sample preparation processes and the main growth mechanisms of multilayer and single-layer graphene by the CVD method discussed. Obtained CVD graphene layers characterized by Raman, AFM and SEM analysis.
Conceptual Design of a Laser Driver for a Plasma Accelerator User Facility

The purpose of the European project EuPRAXIA is to realize a novel plasma accelerator user facility. The laser driven approach sets requirements for a very high performance level for the laser system: pulse peak power in the petawatt range, pulse repetition rate of several tens of Hz, very high beam quality and overall stability of the system parameters, along with 24/7 operation availability for experiments. Only a few years ago these performances were considered unrealistic, but recent advances in laser technologies, in particular in the chirped pulse amplification (CPA) of ultrashort pulses and in high energy, high repetition rate pump lasers have changed this scenario. This paper discusses the conceptual design and the overall architecture of a laser system operating as the driver of a plasma acceleration facility for different applications. The laser consists of a multi-stage amplification chain based CPA Ti:Sapphire, using frequency doubled, diode laser pumped Nd or Yb solid state lasers as pump sources. Specific aspects related to the cooling strategy of the main amplifiers, the operation of pulse compressors at high average power, and the beam pointing diagnostics are addressed in detail.
Experimental analysis of wavelet decomposition on edge detection

The influence of different wavelet transformations and decomposition on edge detection was examined, using convenient operators to images of various complexities. Berkeley Segmentation Database images with the corresponding ground truth were used. The categorization of those images was accomplished according to the degree of complexity in three groups (small, medium, and large number of details), by using discrete cosine transformation and discrete wavelet transformation. Three levels of decomposition for eight wavelet transformations and five operators for edge detection were applied on these images. As an objective measure of the quality for edge detection, the parameters “performance ratio” and “F-measure” were used. The obtained results showed that edge detection operators behaved differently in images with a different number of details. Decomposition significantly degrades the image, but useful information can be extracted at the third level of decomposition, because the image with a different number of details behaves differently at each level. For an image with a certain number of details, decomposition Level 3 in some cases gives better results than Level 2. The obtained results can be applied to image compression with different complexity. By selecting a certain combination of operators and decomposition levels, a higher compression ratio with preserving a larger amount of useful image information can be achieved. Depending on the image resolution whereby the number of details varies, an operator optimization can be performed according to the decomposition level in order to obtain the best possible edge detection.
Comparative Analysis of Non-linear Periodic Response of Cross-ply and Angle-ply Laminated Composite Plates

Non-linear periodic response periodic response analysis of laminated structures is necessary for their optimal and safe dynamic design. The present work is intended to explore the influence of lamination scheme and fibre-orientation on the nonlinear forced vibration response of laminated plates. The analysis has been carried out using finite element. In present work, a comparative analysis of forced vibration response between cross-ply and angle-ply laminated composite plates have been explored. The effects of fiber orientation on non-linear forced vibration response characteristics have been analyzed. This finite element analysis has been done using shooting method along with continuation scheme in the time domain. The method employed is capable to get the complete stable and unstable branches past bifurcations. The dynamic behavior is explored using the temporal history of the response and phase plane plots. The method presented in the paper is computationally efficient and does not require apriori assumption on the participating modes, unlike harmonic balance and incremental harmonic balance methods.
Design and Testing of a Paraffin-Based 1000 N HRE Breadboard

The paper presents some relevant achievements in hybrid rocket propulsion carried out by the Italian Aerospace Research Centre. On the basis of the experimental results obtained on a 200 N thrust class engine, a 1000 N class breadboard, fed with gaseous oxygen coupled with a paraffin-based fuel grain, was designed and experimentally tested in different conditions. The breadboard exhibited a stable combustion in all the firing test conditions; the testing campaign allowed the acquisition of different experimental data, as pre and post-combustion chamber pressure, throat material temperature, pre-combustion chamber temperature. The new breadboard was characterized by higher measured regression rate values with respect to corresponding data obtained with the smaller scale one, highlighting that the oxidizer mass flux is not the only operating quantity affecting the fuel consumption behavior, which could be also influenced by scale parameters, such as the grain port diameter, and other operating conditions, such as the mixture ratio.
Assessment of 3D Linear Elastic Masonry-Like Vaulted Structures

A novel approach is adopted to assess the static behavior of vaulted structures, such as cantilevered masonry stairs, assuming a linear elastic no-tension material model. Masonry is substituted by an equivalent orthotropic material whose elastic properties vary locally and with a negligible stiffness where tensile strain occurs. In order to recover a tension-free state of stress, an energy-based minimization procedure is carried out to establish the distribution and the orientation of the equivalent material for a given compatible load. The capability of the approach in defining purely compressive stress solutions in masonry walls under dead load and both in-plane and out-of-plane live loads has already been assessed. A meaningful application to a cantilevered masonry stair is here presented; the results are in good agreement with those available in the technical literature on historical masonry constructions.
Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction in a 3D In Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Harmful materials in the blood are prevented from entering the healthy brain by a highly selective blood–brain barrier (BBB), and impairment of barrier function has been associated with a variety of neurological diseases. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), BBB breakdown has been shown to occur even before cognitive decline and brain pathology. To investigate the role of the cerebral vasculature in AD, a physiologically relevant 3D human neural cell culture microfluidic model is developed having a brain endothelial cell monolayer with a BBB‐like phenotype. This model is shown to recapitulate several key aspects of BBB dysfunction observed in AD patients: increased BBB permeability, decreased expression of claudin‐1, claudin‐5, and VE‐cadherin, increased expression of matrix‐metalloproteinase‐2 and reactive oxygen species, and deposition of β‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides at the vascular endothelium. Thus, it provides a well‐controlled platform for investigating BBB function as well as for screening of new drugs that need to pass the BBB to gain access to neural tissues.
Thermo-Radiative Cell - A New Waste Heat Recovery Technology for Space Power Applications

In order to satisfy the long-lasting and high energy/power density requirements for NASA deep space exploration missions, Pu-238 has been identified as one of the most suitable radioisotope fuels for GPHS modules since the 1960s. The availability of Pu-238 is currently extremely limited. The limited availability suggests that efficiently using the heat generated by the GPHS is very important and critical for NASA space applications. However, the efficiency of the most widely used radioisotope thermoelectric generators is only about 6-8%, which means that a significant amount of energy is dissipated as waste heat via radiators such as metallic fins. In deep space, the extremely cold universe (3 K) provides a robust heat sink. Even for a heat source with a temperature below 373 K, the corresponding Carnot efficiency can be more than 99%. In this paper, we show a proof-of-concept demonstration of using a thermo-radiative cell, a new technology concept conceived in 2015, to convert heat to electricity. A reversed I-V characteristic between thermo-radiative cell and photovoltaic cell is also experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The predicted efficiency of thermo-radiative cells is significantly higher than thermoelectrics at peak power output, and can be even higher at reduced power output. Integrating thermo-radiative cells with radioisotope heating units (high-grade heat) or radioisotope power system (RPS) radiators (low-grade waste heat) could provide a new way to significantly increase the energy efficiency of Pu-238 or other radioisotope fuels. Preliminary calculations indicate that when combining the thermo-radiative cells with RPS radiators, the thermoelectric RPS efficiency could be increased from 6% to 10-14%, and the dynamics RPS efficiency could be increased from 28% to 34-47%, depending on the radiator temperature.
Effects of Seawater Content in Alkaline Activators to Engineering Properties of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete

This paper illustrates a special investigation on geopolymer concrete synthesized from fly ash, sand, coarse aggregates (solid phases) in conditions of sodium silicate solution and seawater (liquid phases). The mixtures of geopolymer concrete were designed with proportion changes of among materials to evaluate effects of the proportions to engineering properties of products. The specimens were molded into cylinder with 200 mm in length and 100 mm in diameter, and then cured at room condition (28 °C, 80 % of humidity) for testing engineering properties for 7 days, 28 days, 90 days, and 180 days. The engineering properties of geopolymer concrete samples included compressive strength (MPa), water absorption (kg/m3), and volumetric weight (kg/m3). The results showed that the fly ash-based geopolymer concrete using sodium silicate solution and seawater was very good performance with value of 180 day-compressive strength at 58 MPa, water absorption and volumetric weight were at 180 kg/m3 and 2200 kg/m3, respectively.