Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A high gain 1*2 array RFID reader MPA for indoor localization applications

this paper provides a design of a 1*2-array reader antenna for RTLS (real time localization system) applications. The proposed antenna can be used on fixed-reader-scheme to respond to the DoA (Direction of Arrival) or even the proximity based localization method requirements in term of radiation characteristics especially the antenna gain. In this regard, the antenna was designed in 2 steps to reach a high gain, passing from a single square truncated patch antenna adapted with notches, to a linear polarized 1*2 array antenna. The antenna presents a high gain about 9.65 dB, a directivity of 9.7dB, and a return loss of − 25.94dB around the frequency of 2.45GHz. This antenna has a directional behavior that explain the chosen fixed reader scheme.
Third World urbanization: dimensions, theories, and determinants.

"Few aspects of international social change have generated as much scholarship as patterns of urbanization in the Third World. In this review of interdisciplinary research, we first trace the trends and dimensions of urbanization in developing countries and then discuss major theories guiding global urban studies. Second, we review and critique recent cross-national investigations of the determinants of urbanization and its dimensions, concluding that severe underspecification, the dearth of comparative statistics on critical dimensions, and the ambiguity of proxy variables hinder research in this area. Finally, we discuss issues that warrant additional investigation in the near future. "
TCP Transcription Factors Regulate the Activities of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and miR164, as Well as the Auxin Response, during Differentiation of Leaves in Arabidopsis[C][W]

This work examines the regulatory signaling for leaf differentiation by identifying the target genes of TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF (TCP) transcription factors in Arabidopsis. It identifies genetically redundant and differentially regulated pathways for balancing the differentiated and undifferentiated fates in leaf development. Coordination of the maintenance of the undifferentiated fate of cells in the shoot meristem and the promotion of cellular differentiation in plant organs is essential for the development of plant shoots. CINCINNATA-like (CIN-like) TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF (TCP) transcription factors are involved in this coordination via the negative regulation of CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) genes, which regulate the formation of shoot meristems and the specification of organ boundaries. However, the molecular mechanism of the action of CIN-like TCPs is poorly understood. We show here that TCP3, a model of CIN-like TCPs of Arabidopsis thaliana, directly activates the expression of genes for miR164, ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1), INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID3/SHORT HYPOCOTYL2 (IAA3/SHY2), and SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR) proteins. Gain of function of these genes suppressed the formation of shoot meristems and resulted in the fusion of cotyledons, whereas their loss of function induced ectopic expression of CUC genes in leaves. Our results indicate that miR164, AS1, IAA3/SHY2, and SAUR partially but cooperatively suppress the expression of CUC genes. Since CIN-like TCP genes were revealed to act dose dependently in the differentiation of leaves, we propose that evolutionarily diverse CIN-like TCPs have important roles in the signaling pathways that generate different leaf forms, without having any lethal effects on shoots.
Barriers to exercise among people with severe mental illnesses.

OBJECTIVE Lack of exercise is a risk factor for various negative health outcomes. Some research suggests people with severe mental illnesses are less likely to engage in exercise than the general population. The purpose of this report is to document, analyze, and understand self-identified barriers to exercise that may be especially specific to people living with serious mental illnesses. Producing such knowledge can assist in the development of effective interventions. METHODS Thirty-one people with serious mental illnesses participated in in-depth one-on-one interviews to discuss health behaviors in general and exercise more specifically. The authors then engaged in thematic analysis of data to identify common barriers to exercise. RESULTS Participants reported psychiatric medication side effects, symptoms related to SMI, and physical comorbidities as barriers. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Clinicians should incorporate physical health goals as a part of treatment planning. Agencies also can play a role in increasing exercise through the implementation of programs.
Post‐fragmentation population structure in a cooperative breeding Afrotropical cloud forest bird: emergence of a source‐sink population network

The impact of demographic parameters on the genetic population structure and viability of organisms is a long‐standing issue in the study of fragmented populations. Demographic and genetic tools are now readily available to estimate census and effective population sizes and migration and gene flow rates with increasing precision. Here we analysed the demography and genetic population structure over a recent 15‐year time span in five remnant populations of Cabanis's greenbul (Phyllastrephus cabanisi), a cooperative breeding bird in a severely fragmented cloud forest habitat. Contrary to our expectation, genetic admixture and effective population sizes slightly increased, rather than decreased between our two sampling periods. In spite of small effective population sizes in tiny forest remnants, none of the populations showed evidence of a recent population bottleneck. Approximate Bayesian modelling, however, suggested that differentiation of the populations coincided at least partially with an episode of habitat fragmentation. The ratio of meta‐Ne to meta‐Nc was relatively low for birds, which is expected for cooperative breeding species, while Ne/Nc ratios strongly varied among local populations. While the overall trend of increasing population sizes and genetic admixture may suggest that Cabanis's greenbuls increasingly cope with fragmentation, the time period over which these trends were documented is rather short relative to the average longevity of tropical species. Furthermore, the critically low Nc in the small forest remnants keep the species prone to demographic and environmental stochasticity, and it remains open if, and to what extent, its cooperative breeding behaviour helps to buffer such effects.
Determinants of the international performance of services: a conceptual model

Countless determinants of export success that are supposed to help managers reduce the failure rates of export ventures have been identified. Despite this abundance of studies, however, little is known about the determinants of the internationalization success of services. In this paper, based on prior studies focusing primarily on manufactured goods and the key characteristics distinguishing services from goods, a comprehensive conceptual model for the successful internationalization of services is developed.
Progress in Facilitating the Recovery of Function after Central Nervous System Trauma

Basic studies during the last quarter of the century on the response of the central nervous system (CNS) to injury have made it increasingly clear that, given the proper stimulus, most events necessary for the reconstruction of injured circuits in the CNS can take place in the mature adult. However, clinical evidence shows that most injuries to the mature CNS are not spontaneously repaired. Thus, we are faced with the paradox of a CNS where individual molecular and cellular events leading to injury repair can take place, but where regeneration or repair of interrupted pathways nevertheless does not occur. We believe that a key to this paradox is the lack of temporal organization of the events in adult synaptogenesis. Perhaps the most distinctive feature of development is the strict temporal order of cellular and molecular events. The development of the nervous system depends on a complex series of steps, each of which must occur in the right place and at the right time. In our opinion, regeneration and reactive synaptogenesis, that is, synaptogenesis triggered by injury, could repair the damaged CNS in most cases if the various responses would take place in the proper ordered sequence, as they do in development. From this point of view, the role of the neurologist is to learn how to initiate and guide the steps of the repair process so as to allow each of them to occur at the appropriate moment. Interventive treatments need to be inserted into the natural repair process, complementing it when natural repair is, as in the case of neuronal cell loss, clearly insufficient. In this article we will show that a conceptual framework is beginning to emerge on how to combine interventive treatments with the natural response to injury, although all the mechanisms are by no means yet completely clear and many processes are still unexplored at the molecular level. We will begin by generally describing the cellular events that occur after CNS injury. We will then briefly examine several natural events which are mobilized after injury that can and probably do participate in the regrowth of injured circuitry. We will describe how brain transplantation is proving to be a powerful interventive technique both for revealing the inherent restorative capacities of the CNS after injury and for replacing lost neurons that can
Optimization of a Methodology for the Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Water by SPME-GC /MS

Abstract In the present work experimental conditions were optimized for the analysis of organochlorine traces in water matrix using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography with mass selective detector. The parameters including time of exposure of the fiber in the aqueous sample, fiber type, agitation speed, pH, ionic forces, temperature of adsorption, and time of desorption were evaluated. The best conditions to analyze organochlorine were obtained by using higher than room temperature, agitation of the sample, extraction time of 40 min, and polyacrylate fiber.
Genomic analysis of therapy‐related acute promyelocytic leukemias arising after malignant and non‐malignant disorders

for myelofibrosis. N Engl J Med 2012;366:799–807. 4. Vannucchi A, Passamonti F, Al-Ali HK, et al. Reductions in JAK2 V617F allele burden with ruxolitinib treatment in COMFORT-II, a Phase 3 study comparing the safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib with best available therapy (BAT). Blood 2012;120:21 (abstract 802). 5. Koppikar P, Bhagwat N, Kilpivaara O, et al. Heterodimeric JAK-STAT activation as a mechanism of persistence to JAK2 inhibitor therapy. Nature 2012;489:155–159. 6. Burgess DJ. Therapeutics: Holding JAK back. Nat Rev Cancer 2012;12:583.
Antioxidant properties and principal phenolic phytochemicals of Indian medicinal plants from Asclepiadoideae and Periplocoideae

The subfamily Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae) and the closely-related Periplocoideae are sources of many indigenous Indian medicinal plants. We surveyed antioxidant properties and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 15 samples, representing 12 Indian medicinal plant species from these subfamilies. Total antioxidant assay was performed using the 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid and ferric-reducing antioxidant power methods. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured using colourimetric methods. Principal phenolic compounds were detected by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The highest antioxidant capacity and high levels of total phenolics and flavonoids were found in the leaves of Decalepis hamiltonii. The stems of Sarcostemma brevistigma exhibited the highest xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The roots of Hemidesmus indicus showed the highest OH− radical scavenging activity. In general, Periplocoideae members exhibited higher antioxidant activity than Asclepiadoideae members. The highly significant and positive correlations (R > 0.914) between total antioxidant capacity parameters and total phenolic content indicated that the phenolic compounds contributed significantly to the antioxidant activity of the tested plant samples. The principal phenolic phytochemicals from these plants were identified by LC–MS, including flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenolic terpenoids. Chlorogenic acid and rutin were detected in almost all of the plant samples. The LC–MS analysis provided full fingerprints of the principal phenolic compounds in the medicinal plants from these two subfamilies, which are useful for their authentication and quality evaluation.
Testing the photoionization models of powerful radio galaxies: Mixed line-emitting media in 3C 321

The photoionization models for the narrow emission-line regions of powerful radio galaxies have yet to be tested in depth. To this end, we present high-quality long-slit spectroscopy of the powerful double-nucleus radio galaxy 3C 321. The data have good enough spatial resolution to be able to trace the variation in emission-line properties on kpc scales. Continuum modelling and subtraction enables the faint emission-line fluxes to be measured in several regions across the emission-line nebula. We plot diagnostic line-ratio diagrams and compare them with the predictions of various photoionization models, finding that the data are best fitted by models that assume a mixture of optically thin and thick clouds illuminated by a power-law continuum. The emission-line kinematics, line ratios and deduced physical conditions show remarkably little variation across the source. We deduce a mean electron density of 400±120 cm−3 and a mean temperature of 11 500±1500 K. Assuming a single population of optically thick line-emitting clouds, we calculate a mean photoionization parameter of (1.1±0.5)×10−2, and hence a photoionizing photon luminosity of Q~1055–1056 photon s−1 sr−1. This indicates a central engine as luminous as that of the powerful quasar 3C 273, yet there is no evidence for such an energetically prolific central engine at either far-infrared or radio wavelengths. We therefore conclude that the mixed-medium models, which give Q~5×1053–5×1054 photon s−1 sr−1 represent a more likely scenario. As a by-product of the continuum subtraction, we infer that young stellar populations account for ~0.4 per cent of the visible stellar mass in the galaxy, and that these populations are spatially extended.
Stable prediction for unstable independent models

The predictive control developments in the literature, in particular those giving a priori stability guarantees, have often been based on realigned models whereas industrial packages have often made much use of independent models. However, the transferal of many of these stability results to the independent model case is not straightforward especially for the important case of unstable open-loop processes. This note shows how terminal constraints can be deployed with unstable independent models and illustrates briefly the necessity and benefits of these developments.
Nitrate reduction. I. Growth of Escherichia coli with nitrate as sole source of nitrogen.

Most strains of Escherichia coli reduce nitrate to nitrite at the expense of hydrogen (Stephenson and Stickland, 1931; Lascelles and Still, 1946). Working with a culture which carried the reduction only to nitrite, Back et al. (1946), found that addition of artificial electron carriers (viologen dyes) resulted in reduction to ammonia. Strains which reduced nitrate completely to ammonia at the expense of glucose have also been studied (Aubel, 1938; Taniguchi et al., 1955). This paper describes a strain of E. coli, derived from a culture to which nitrate and nitrite are toxic, which can reduce nitrate to ammonia under an atmosphere of hydrogen and which can utilize nitrate as the source of nitrogen for growth.
Preschool executive functions, single-parent status, and school quality predict diverging trajectories of classroom inattention in elementary school

Abstract A sample of 356 children recruited from Head Start (58% European American, 25% African American, and 17% Hispanic; 54% girls; Mage = 4.59 years) were followed longitudinally from prekindergarten through fifth grade. Latent profile analyses of teacher-rated inattention from kindergarten through third grade identified four developmental trajectories: stable low (53% of the sample), stable high (11.3%), rising over time (16.4%), and declining over time (19.3%). Children with stable low inattention had the best academic outcomes in fifth grade, and children exhibiting stable high inattention had the worst, with the others in between. Self-regulation difficulties in preschool (poor executive function skills and elevated opposition–aggression) differentiated children with rising versus stable low inattention. Elementary schools characterized by higher achievement differentiated children with declining versus stable high inattention. Boys and children from single-parent families were more likely to remain high or rise in inattention, whereas girls and children from dual-parent families were more likely to remain low or decline in inattention.
African Swine Fever Virus Multigene Family 360 and 530 Genes Affect Host Interferon Response

ABSTRACT African swine fever virus (ASFV) multigene family 360 and 530 (MGF360/530) genes affect viral growth in macrophage cell cultures and virulence in pigs (L. Zsak, Z. Lu, T. G. Burrage, J. G. Neilan, G. F. Kutish, D. M. Moore, and D. L. Rock, J. Virol. 75:3066-3076, 2001). The mechanism by which these novel genes affect virus-host interactions is unknown. To define MGF360/530 gene function, we compared macrophage transcriptional responses following infection with parental ASFV (Pr4) and an MGF360/530 deletion mutant (Pr4Δ35). A swine cDNA microarray containing 7,712 macrophage cDNA clones was used to compare the transcriptional profiles of swine macrophages infected with Pr4 and Pr4Δ35 at 3 and 6 h postinfection (hpi). While at 3 hpi most (7,564) of the genes had similar expression levels in cells infected with either virus, 38 genes had significantly increased (>2.0-fold, P < 0.05) mRNA levels in Pr4Δ35-infected macrophages. Similar up-regulation of these genes was observed at 6 hpi. Viral infection was required for this induced transcriptional response. Most Pr4Δ35 up-regulated genes were part of a type I interferon (IFN) response or were genes that are normally induced by double-stranded RNA and/or viral infection. These included monocyte chemoattractant protein, transmembrane protein 3, tetratricopeptide repeat protein 1, a ubiquitin-like 17-kDa protein, ubiquitin-specific protease ISG43, an RNA helicase DEAD box protein, GTP-binding MX protein, the cytokine IP-10, and the PKR activator PACT. Differential expression of IFN early-response genes in Pr4Δ35 relative to Pr4 was confirmed by Northern blot analysis and real-time PCR. Analysis of IFN-α mRNA and secreted IFN-α levels at 3, 8, and 24 hpi revealed undetectable IFN-α in mock- and Pr4-infected macrophages but significant IFN-α levels at 24 hpi in Pr4Δ35-infected macrophages. The absence of IFN-α in Pr4-infected macrophages suggests that MGF360/530 genes either directly or indirectly suppress a type I IFN response. An inability to suppress host type I IFN responses may account for the growth defect of Pr4Δ35 in macrophages and its attenuation in swine.
Technical Advance Relational Database Structure to Manage High-Density Tissue Microarray Data and Images for Pathology Studies Focusing on Clinical Outcome The Prostate Specialized Program of Research Excellence Model

and high-throughput screening methods using cDNA array and tissue microarray (TMA) technology, there is a pressing need to manage the voluminous data sets generated from these types of investigations. Herein is described a database model to handle 1) clinical and pathology data, 2) TMA location information, and 3) web-based histology results. The model is useful for managing clinical, pathology, and molecular data on > 1300 prostate cancer patients dating back to 1995 from the University of Michigan Specialized Program of Research Excellence for prostate cancer. The key components in this multidatabase model are 1) the TMA database, 2) the TMA-image database (TMA-I DB), and 3) the prostate pathology and clinical information databases. All databases were created in Microsoft Access (Microsoft, Redmond, WA). Desired patient, tissue, block, diagnosis, array location, and respective clinical and pathology information is obtained by linking the unique identifier fields among database tables. The TMA database is comprised of interrelated data from 336 prostate cancer patients transferred into 19 TMA blocks with 5451 TMA biopsy cores. Tissue samples include 1695 normal prostate, 3171 prostate cancer, 464 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and 121 atrophy. All 19 TMA blocks have been analyzed over the Internet for several immuno-histochemical biomarkers including E-cadherin, prostate-specific antigen, p27 Kip1 , and Ki-67 labeling index. This system facilitates the statistical analysis of high-density TMA data
p.Gln200Glu, a putative constitutively active mutant of rod α‐transducin (GNAT1) in autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness

Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) is a non‐progressive Mendelian condition resulting from a functional defect in rod photoreceptors. A small number of unique missense mutations in the genes encoding various members of the rod phototransduction cascade, e.g. rhodopsin (RHO), cGMP phosphodiesterase β‐subunit (PDE6B), and transducin α‐subunit (GNAT1) have been reported to cause autosomal dominant (ad) CSNB. While the RHO and PDE6B mutations result in constitutively active proteins, the only known adCSNB‐associa‐ted GNAT1 change (p.Gly38Asp) produces an α‐transducin that is unable to activate its downstream effector molecule in vitro. In a multigeneration Danish family with adCSNB, we identified a novel heterozygous C to G transversion (c.598C>G) in exon 6 of GNAT1 that should result in a p.Gln200Glu substitution in the evolutionarily highly conserved Switch 2 region of α‐transducin, a domain that has an important role in binding and hydrolyzing GTP. Computer modeling based on the known crystal structure of transducin suggests that the p.Gln200Glu mutant exhibits impaired GTPase activity, and thereby leads to constitutive activation of phototransduction. This assumption is in line with our results of trypsin protection assays as well as previously published biochemical data on mutants of this glutamine in the GTPase active site of α‐transducin following in vitro expression, and observations that inappropriately activating mutants of various members of the rod phototransduction cascade represent one of the major molecular causes of adCSNB. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.