Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Na 3 [Ru 2 ( µ - CO 3 ) 4 ] as a Homogeneous Catalyst for Water Oxidation; HCO 3 − as a Co-Catalyst

: In neutral medium (pH 7.0) [Ru III Ru II ( µ -CO 3 ) 4 (OH)] 4 − undergoes one electron oxidation to form [Ru III Ru III ( µ -CO 3 ) 4 (OH) 2 ] 4 − at an E 1/2 of 0.85 V vs. NHE followed by electro-catalytic water oxidation at a potential ≥ 1.5 V. When the same electrochemical measurements are performed in bicarbonate medium (pH 8.3), the complex ﬁrst undergoes one electron oxidation at an E pa of 0.86 V to form [Ru III Ru III ( µ -CO 3 ) 4 (OH) 2 ] 4 − . This complex further undergoes two step one electron oxidations to form Ru IV Ru III and Ru IV Ru IV species at potentials ( E pa ) 1.18 and 1.35 V, respectively. The Ru IV Ru III and Ru IV Ru IV species in bicarbonate solutions are [Ru IV Ru III ( µ -CO 3 ) 4 (OH)(CO 3 )] 4 − and [Ru IV Ru IV ( µ -CO 3 ) 4 (O)(CO 3 )] 4 − based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The formation of HCO 4 − in the course of the oxidation has been demonstrated by DFT. The catalyst acts as homogeneous water oxidation catalyst, and after long term chronoamperometry, the absorption spectra does not change signiﬁcantly. Each step has been found to follow a proton coupled electron transfer process (PCET) as obtained from the pH dependent studies. The catalytic current is found to follow linear relation with the concentration of the catalyst and bicarbonate. Thus, bicarbonate is involved in the catalytic process that is also evident from the generation of higher oxidation peaks in cyclic voltammetry. The detailed mechanism has been derived by DFT. A catalyst with no organic ligands has the advantage of long-time stability.
Beyond maternal absence: evidence for the role of peers and non-shared stressful experience in mediating the development of a fearful phenotype

During the first postnatal-days (pnd) rodents show hypo-responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to mild stressors and fail to display aversion to noxious stimuli. Maternal-separation (MS) disrupts stress hypo-responsiveness causing elevated basal and stress-induced corticosterone (CORT) levels that, in turn, can initiate amygdala-dependent fear aversion in the neonate. However, if MS is repeated, the newborn’s HPA-axis ceases to respond to subsequent MS, but continues to respond to acute mild stressors. Here we test the hypothesis that it is the stressful experience of peer separation during repeated MS rather than maternal absence per se which programs an adult fearful phenotype. We c-Fos and and CORT plasma levels in both neonates (pnd5) and adult (pnd 240) offspring. We also assessed juvenile (pnd 30) social play and peri-pubertal (pnd 55) spatial Compared to HOME SEP rats, the NOVEL SEP rats enhanced stress-induced amygdala c-Fos mRNA and ACTH-release on pnd 5, while CORT-secretion was NOVEL SEP juvenile rats also but in the adults, when HOME hypo-responsive adrenal CORT-secretion. In conclusion, an adult fearful phenotype linked to amygdala priming develops if individual pups are repeatedly isolated from peers in a novel environment, while away from the dam. These findings highlight the role of non-shared stressful experiences of the pups in the programming fearfulness rather than maternal absence per se.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Gravity between Newton and Einstein

Statements about relativistic eﬀects are often subtle. In this essay we will demon-strate that the three classical tests of general relativity, namely perihelion precession, deﬂection of light and gravitational redshift, are passed perfectly by an extension of Newtonian gravity that includes gravitational time dilation eﬀects while retaining a non-relativistic causal structure. This non-relativistic gravity theory arises from a covariant large speed of light expansion of Einstein’s theory of gravity that does not assume weak ﬁelds and which admits an action principle.
How to Support Prediction of Amyloidogenic Regions - The Use of a GA-based Wrapper Feature Selections

—In this paper, we address the problem of predicting the location of amyloidogenic regions in proteins. To support this process we used a genetic algorithm-based wrapper feature subset selection. The wrapper feature subset selection approach is about choosing a minimal subset of features that satisﬁes an evaluation criterion. We ﬁnd that most of the machine learning algorithms taken from the WEKA software achieved no worse Accuracy over reduced dataset than over the non-reduced dataset. Moreover, research has conﬁrmed the observations of other researchers, that amino-acids have highly position-dependent propensities.
Volatile Proﬁles of Sparkling Wines Produced by the Traditional Method from a Semi-Arid Region

: S ã o Francisco Valley (SFV) is located in Northeastern Brazil, in a tropical semi-arid region where one vine can produce two harvests per year, due to high temperatures, solar radiation rates, and irrigation throughout the year. This is the main characteristic differing this from other winegrowing region in the world. The objective of this study was to characterize volatile proﬁles of sparkling wines produced by the traditional method, using Chenin Blanc and Syrah grapes, the two main varieties used for white and red wines, respectively, grown in the region. The sparkling wines remained on lees for six months maturing. The sparkling wines were characterized by the parameters density, pH, total titratable and volatile acidities, residual sugars, dry extract, alcohol content, total phenolic compounds, in vitro antioxidant activity and volatile fraction. The volatile fraction extraction was performed by the HS-SPME technique and tentative identiﬁcation of the volatile compounds was carried out with GC-MS using the scan mode. A total of 33 volatile compounds were identiﬁed, among them 11 alcohols, 13 esters, ﬁve carboxylic acids, and four different chemical classes. The volatile proﬁle of Chenin Blanc sparkling wine was associated mainly to 2,3-butanediol, 3-ethoxypropan-1-ol, diethyl succinate, and ethyl decanoate, while Syrah sparkling wine was characterized by benzaldehyde, butyric acid, and some acetates. This study reported for the ﬁrst time volatile proﬁles of traditional sparkling wines from SFV, as new products, contributing to better understand the quality potential of these beverages for a tropical semi-arid region.
Data sources and ingestion big data layers: meta-modeling of key concepts and features

A deluge of data is to be expected in the years to come. Nowadays, huge masses of data is produced every day. For example, if we take only social network users and the Internet of Things, we shall find that they generate large volumes of varied data that have to be transmitted, recorded and processed at high speed. These data are an important source of information that can improve the performance of predictions. Hence, the data are no longer in net structures, easy to consume, but they are represented in different types of structures, namely structured, semi-structured and unstructured data. At the Big Data architecture level, these different data sources are located in the Data Sources layer, which is the starting point for any further processing of Big Data. Indeed, this layer has a direct relationship with the Ingestion layer, which is in charge of validating, transforming, cleaning, reducing and integrating data that can be used later on by the Hadoop ecosystem. In this paper, we applied techniques related to Model Driven Engineering "MDE" to propose a universal Meta-modeling for both Data Sources and Ingestion Big Data layers. These meta-models are platform independent according to Model Driven Architecture pattern, which describes the structures of Data Sources and Ingestion independently from any specific platform.
A Study on Energy Routing Algorithms Using Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks

-WSN is an upcoming technology that is predicted to change the human life in future. This technology is composed of tiny sensing objects called sensors that are widely scattered in the environment. Clustering is a key technique which is used to extend the lifetime of sensor network. In this paper, survey on different clustering algorithms for increasing energy efficient has been performed and highlighted their objectives and feature.
GT 4800 Ground Vibration Measurements near Impact Pile Driving

Pile driving is a complex dynamic process where little insight has been garnered in terms of the energy transfer from the driver to the soil and surrounding structures. Ground motion measurements during driving of full scale steel H-piles with diesel hammers are presented. The key feature of this work is the in-depth sensor installation starting very close to the pile (0.2 m), at other radial distances from the pile, and at various depths in the ground. Differences in wave sources from the tip and the shaft of the pile as well as wave attenuation coefficients are revealed from the sensor measurements. Attenuation relationships fitted through the data could be used to predict ground motion that could cause shakedown settlement. A conventional line array of surface mounted geophones was also used and results are presented.
Molecular Characterization of Uttarakhand Tarai Region Carp Species by Using RAPD Markers

: The present study is focused on genetic diversity analysis among carp species namely: ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ), Rohu ( Labeo rohita ), and common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) of tarai region of Uttarakhand state. Here we used genetic RAPD markers namely OPD-02, OPD-05, OPD-07, OPD-10, and OPD-12, to identify similarity and variation based analysis by deploying PCR and electrophoresis units. In this study, genomic DNA bands were produced by amplifying DNA isolated from the liver of individual fish by using five different primers. DNA fragments with genome size of 100 bp to 1500 bp were used in the present study. Five primers generated a total of 125, 133, 100 highly reproducible RAPD polymorphic fragments in Labeo rohita, Cyprinous carpio, and Hypophthalamicthys molitrix respectively. On an average 119 of the total 358 amplified polymorphic bands were found to be in three different carp fish population from hatchery. The bands in the molecular weight range from 0.24 kb to 1.2 kb generated by random primer OPB-02 were observed in Labeo rohita . Also, the RAPD polymorphism generated by random primer OPB-02 showed polymorphic bands. Similarly, in Cyprinous carpio OPB-05 with band size 0.25kb – 1.2 kb showed molymorphic bands. Such patterns were found to be useful in determining genetic diversity among these selected carp species. of Tarai Carps group under culturable freshwater teleosts, namely silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ), Rohu ( Labeo rohita ), and common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) successfully achieved. Study conducted at Fish farm and Molecular Lab of
(cid:2) A-crystallin expression prevents (cid:4) -crystallin insolubility and cataract formation in the zebrafish cloche mutant lens

Cataracts, the loss of lens transparency, are the leading cause of human blindness. The zebrafish embryo, with its transparency and relatively large eyes, is an excellent model for studying ocular disease in vivo. We found that the zebrafish cloche mutant, both the cloche m39 and cloche S5 alleles, which have defects in hematopoiesis and blood vessel development, also have lens cataracts. Quantitative examination of the living zebrafish lens by confocal microscopy showed significant increases in lens reflectance. Histological analysis revealed retention of lens fiber cell nuclei owing to impeded terminal differentiation. Proteomics identified (cid:4) crystallin as a protein that was substantially diminished in cloche mutants. Crystallins are the major structural proteins in mouse, human and zebrafish lens. Defects in crystallins have previously been shown in mice and humans to contribute to cataracts. The loss of (cid:4) -crystallin protein in cloche was not due to lowered mRNA levels but rather to (cid:4) -crystallin protein insolubility. (cid:2) A-crystallin is a chaperone that protects proteins from misfolding and becoming insoluble. The cloche lens is deficient in both (cid:2) A-crystallin mRNA and protein during development from 2-5 dpf. Overexpression of exogenous (cid:2) A-crystallin rescued the cloche lens phenotype, including solubilization of (cid:4) -crystallin, increased lens transparency and induction of lens fiber cell differentiation. Taken together, these results indicate that (cid:2) A-crystallin expression is required for normal lens development and demonstrate that cataract formation can be prevented in vivo. In addition, these results show that proteomics is a valuable tool for detecting protein alterations in zebrafish.
A review on processing and effect of thermal treatment on machinability of nickel-based superalloy

: Super alloys are advanced high-temperature functional materials, which maintain higher strength at elevated temperatures, microstructural stability and high resistance to oxidation under corrosive environment. This paper presents a general review on classification, characteristic properties, and development of microstructural stabilities of Super alloys at high temperature. This paper also explains the influence of processing techniques; strengthen mechanism on mechanical properties together with machinability characteristics.
REAL EXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS: SOME EVIDENCE FOR LATIN AMERICA

This paper analyses the effects of fiscal shocks using a two-country macroeconomic model for output, labour input, government spending and relative prices which provides the orthogonality restrictions for obtaining the structural shocks. Dynamic simulation techniques are then applied, in particular to shed light on the possible effects of fiscal imbalances on the real exchange rate in the case of six Latin American countries. Using quarterly data over the period 1980-2006, we find that in a majority of cases fiscal shocks are the main driving force of real exchange rate fluctuations. JEL Code: C32, E62, O54.
HI LINEWIDTHS, ROTATION VELOCITIES AND THE TULLY-FISHER RELATION

We determine the rotation velocities of 108 spiral and irregular galaxies (XV-Sample) from first-order rotation curves from position-velocity maps, based on short 21-cm observations with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT). To test the usual random motion corrections, we compare the global HI linewidths and the rotation velocities, obtained from kinematical fits to two-dimensional velocity fields for a sample of 28 galaxies (RC-Sample), and find that the most frequently used correction formulae (Tully & Fouque 1985) are not very satisfactory. The rotation velocity parameter (the random-motion corrected HI linewidth: W? ), derived with these corrections, may be statistically equal to two times the true rotation velocity, but in individual cases the differences can be large. We analyse, for both RC- and XV-Samples, the dependence of the slope of, and scatter in the Tully-Fisher relation on the definition of the rotation velocity parameters- For the RC-Sample, we find that the scatter in the Tully-Fisher relation can be reduced considerably when the rotation velocities derived from rotation curves are used instead of the random-motion corrected global H I linewidths. No such reduction in the scatter is seen for XV-Sample. We conclude that the reduction of the scatter in the Tully-Fisher relation seems to be related to the use of two-dimensional velocity information: accurate rotation velocity and kinematical inclination.
Development of MLPA approach for SNP detection in MTHFR , F5 and F2 genes

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is an important and valuable form of DNA variation among indi-viduals. Various methods for SNP genotyping have been developed, but a few are suitable for the ﬂ exible and low-cost applications. Aim . To design probes and develop diagnostic methods for the analysis of polymorphic variants of the genes MTHFR, F5, F2 using the multiplex ligation-dependent probe ampli ﬁ cation (MLPA). Methods . Hybridization and ligation approaches. Results . The speci ﬁ c LPO and RPO probes and primers were designed, the composition and concentration of key components of the mixture for the MLPA reaction, as well as the temperature conditions were selcted. Conclusions . The developed methods are ide-ally suited for the small-scale SNP genotyping, routinely performed in the medium-sized research laboratories, and can be used for the creation of different test systems for DNA markers.
Antibodies Region of Camelid Single-Domain Analysis and Modeling of the Variable

Camelids have a special type of Ab, known as heavy chain Abs, which are devoid of classical Ab light chains. Relative to classical Abs, camelid heavy chain Abs (cAbs) have comparable immunogenicity, Ag recognition diversity and binding afﬁnities, higher stability and solubility, and better manufacturability, making them promising candidates for alternate therapeutic scaffolds. Rational en-gineering of cAbs to improve therapeutic function requires knowledge of the differences of sequence and structural features between cAbs and classical Abs. In this study, amino acid sequences of 27 cAb variable regions (V H H) were aligned with the respective regions of 54 classical Abs to detect amino acid differences, enabling automatic identiﬁcation of cAb V H H CDRs. CDR analysis revealed that the H1 often (and sometimes the H2) adopts diverse conformations not classiﬁable by established canonical rules. Also, although the cAb H3 is much longer than classical H3 loops, it often contains common structural motifs and sometimes a disulﬁde bond to the H1. Leveraging these observations, we created a Monte Carlo-based cAb V H H structural modeling tool, where the CDR H1 and H2 loops exhibited a median root-mean-square deviation to natives of 3.1 and 1.5 A ˚ , respectively. The protocol generated 8–12, 14–16, and 16–24 residue H3 loops with a median root-mean-square deviation to natives of 5.7, 4.5, and 6.8 A˚, respectively. The large deviation of the predicted loops underscores the challenge in modeling such long loops. cAb V H H homology models can provide structural insights into interaction mechanisms to enable development of novel Abs for therapeutic and biotechnological use. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 186: 6357–6367.
Turbulence and Diffusion: Scaling Versus Equations

Turbulent Diffusion Concepts. - Turbulent Diffusion and Scaling. - Nonlocal Effects and Diffusion Equations. - Correlation Effects and Scalings. - Diffusive Renormalization and Correlations. - Diffusion Equations and the Quasilinear Approximation. - Return Effects and Random Shear Flows. - Turbulence of Magnetic Field Lines. - Stochastic Instability and Turbulence. - Anomalous Transport and Convective Cells. - Fractals and Percolation Transport. - Fractal and Percolation Concepts. - Percolation and Turbulent Transport. - Multiscale Approach and Scalings. - Trapping and the Escape Probability Formalism. - Subdiffusion and Trapping. - Continuous Time Random Walks and Transport Scalings. - Correlation and Phase-Space.
Crystal Structure and Substrate Specificity Modification of Acetyl Xylan Esterase from 1

Acetyl xylan esterase (AXE) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the acetyl bonds present 17 in plant cell wall polysaccharides. Here, we determined the crystal structure of AXE from 18 Aspergillus luchuensis ( Al AXEA), providing the three-dimensional structure of an enzyme in 19 the Esterase_phb family. Al AXEA shares its core α/β-hydrolase fold structure with esterases in 20 other families, but it has an extended central β-sheet at both its ends and an extra loop. 21 Structural comparison with a ferulic acid esterase (FAE) from Aspergillus niger indicated that 22 Al AXEA has conserved catalytic machinery: a catalytic triad (Ser119, His259, and Asp202) 23 and an oxyanion hole (Cys40 and Ser120). Near the catalytic triad of A lAXEA, two aromatic 24 residues (Tyr39 and Trp160) form small pockets at both sides. Homology models of fungal 25 FAEs in the same Esterase_phb family have wide pockets at the corresponding sites because 26 they have residues with smaller side chains (Pro, Ser, and Gly). Site-directed mutants at Tyr39 27 showed similar substrate specificity to the wild-type enzyme, whereas those at Trp160 28 acquired an expanded substrate specificity. Interestingly, the Trp160 mutants acquired weak 29 but significant type B-like FAE activity. Moreover, the engineered enzymes exhibited ferulic 30 acid-releasing activity from wheat arabinoxylan.
Correspondence Search Mitigation Using Feature Space Anti-Aliasing

Abstract : Image-aided navigation techniques can determine the navigation solution (position, velocity, and attitude) by observing a sequence of images from an optical sensor over time. This operation is based on tracking the location of stationary objects in multiple images, which requires solving the correspondence problem. This is an active area of research and many algorithms exist which attempt to solve this problem by identifying a unique feature in one image and then searching subsequent images for a feature match. The correspondence problem is plagued by feature ambiguity, temporal feature changes, and also occlusions, which are difficult for a computer to address. Constraining the correspondence search to a subset of the image plane has the dual advantage of increasing robustness by limiting false matches and improving search speed. A number of ad-hoc methods to constrain the correspondence search have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, the correspondence problem itself is carefully analyzed from fundamental optical principles. This development results in a general temporal sampling constraint and also reveals the essential connection between the deleterious effects of temporal aliasing and the ambiguities which plague the correspondence search problem. This temporal image sampling constraint is expressed as a function of the navigation trajectory for elementary camera motions. The predicted sampling rates are on the order of those needed for adaptive optics control systems and require very large bandwidths. The temporal image sampling constraint is then re-evaluated by incorporating inertial measurements. The incorporation of inertial measurements is shown to reduce the required temporal sampling rate to practical levels, which evidences the fundamental synergy between image and inertial sensors for navigation and serves as the basis for a real-time, adaptive, antialiasing strategy.
MARINE CYANOBACTERIUM OSCILLATORIA ACUTISSIMA 海洋蓝藻尖锐湿疣生产胞外嗜碱淀粉酶

This study aimed at the amylase production using seawater instead of fresh water. Amylase is one of the most important enzymes and is very important for biotechnology. Versatile applications of amylase in many industries make optimization of the manufacturing process to achieve maximum yield is in need. Amylase is a widely used and sought-after industrial enzyme. The current research paper describes the production conditions of extracellular amylase from Oscillatoria acutissima. The marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria acutissima culture was statistically optimized using Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken designs, under submerged fermentation conditions, for optimum amylase production and activity conditions. The verified Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken designs results showed that the starch degradation and incubation period improved significantly from 53% to 99% and from 18 to 12 days incubation period, respectively, with pH = 7 at temperature 35°C. SDS-PAGE resolved the molecular weight of partially purified amylase at 72 kilodalton. This research work suggested that marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria acutissima could be a potential source of halophilic amylase enzyme needed for various industrial processes. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of a few studies on cyanobacteria since while and the first report on amylase production by marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria acutissima.