Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A monograph on amylases from Bacillus spp.

Owing to the production of alpha, beta and gamma amylase subtypes; starch degrading microbes, especially bacteria have an invincible role in the food, fermentation, textile and paper industries. Of them, α-amylases from Bacillus spp. have contributed tremendous advancements in bio-industry, especially in starch, detergent and pharmaceutical arena. Though general reviews are seen in literature on amylases, no focused review is available yet solely on α-amylases produced by Bacillus spp. Hence, this focused review on α-amylases from the genus Bacillus is designed in such a way that it should give a vivid picture on most of the aspects on bacillial α-amylases in a handy module with an industrial perspective. With a short introduction on amylases in general, α-amylases from various species of Bacillus reviewed herein encompasses production of α-amylases by submerged and solid-state fermentations; nutrients and other factors required for maximizing production; immobilization strategies for whole cells or purified enzyme; an overview on the molecular weight of the enzyme; followed by distinct sections for purification, characterisation, stability and crystal structure; and concluded with a section on industrial applications of the α-amylases from Bacillus spp.
Effects of fruiting on the growth of Arabica coffee trees as related to carbohydrate and nitrogen status and to nitrate reductase activity

A fase ativa do crescimento vegetativo e o crescimento reprodutivo do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) ocorrem concomitantemente em Vicosa (20o45S; altitude, 650 m), sudeste do Brasil. Os padroes gerais de crescimento de ramos e de ganho de area foliar foram ligeiramente alterados pela remocao dos frutos. As taxas de crescimento foram significativamente maiores nos cafeeiros sem frutos. O conteudo de NO3-N nao foi afetado pela presenca de frutos, ao passo que o conteudo de amino-N foi, em geral, maior em arvores sem frutos. Todavia, as diferencas nos niveis de amino-N em resposta a frutificacao nao foram expressivas, de sorte que e pouco provavel que os maiores niveis de amino-N tenham contribuido para um maior crescimento dos cafeeiros sem frutos. Nas folhas, a atividade da redutase do nitrato foi maior nas plantas com frutos em relacao aquelas sem frutos; a atividade da enzima mostrou-se, aparentemente, relacionada de modo inverso com o padrao de crescimento. As raizes apresentaram um conteudo de NO3-N consideravelmente superior ao das folhas, mas com uma atividade da redutase do nitrato significativamente menor, sem qualquer relacao com frutificacao e crescimento. Os efeitos restritivos da frutificacao sobre o crescimento vegetativo pareceram estar associados principalmente a exaustao das reservas de amido, em adicao aos efeitos de temperaturas supra-otimas per se.
VERY LOW MASS STELLAR AND SUBSTELLAR COMPANIONS TO SOLAR-LIKE STARS FROM MARVELS. II. A SHORT-PERIOD COMPANION ORBITING AN F STAR WITH EVIDENCE OF A STELLAR TERTIARY AND SIGNIFICANT MUTUAL INCLINATION

We report the discovery via radial velocity (RV) measurements of a short-period (P = 2.430420 ± 0.000006 days) companion to the F-type main-sequence star TYC 2930-00872-1. A long-term trend in the RV data also suggests the presence of a tertiary stellar companion with P > 2000 days. High-resolution spectroscopy of the host star yields T eff = 6427 ± 33 K, log g = 4.52 ± 0.14, and [Fe/H] = −0.04 ± 0.05. These parameters, combined with the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) and a parallax, allow us to infer a mass and radius of the host star of M 1 = 1.21 ± 0.08 M ☉ and R 1 = 1.09+0.15 − 0.13 R ☉. The minimum mass of the inner companion is below the hydrogen-burning limit; however, the true mass is likely to be substantially higher. We are able to exclude transits of the inner companion with high confidence. Further, the host star spectrum exhibits a clear signature of Ca H and K core emission, indicating stellar activity, but a lack of photometric variability and small vsin I suggest that the primary's spin axis is oriented in a pole-on configuration. The rotational period of the primary estimated through an activity–rotation relation matches the orbital period of the inner companion to within 1.5 σ, suggesting that the primary and inner companion are tidally locked. If the inner companion's orbital angular momentum vector is aligned with the stellar spin axis as expected through tidal evolution, then it has a stellar mass of ∼0.3–0.4 M ☉. Direct imaging limits the existence of stellar companions to projected separations <30 AU. No set of spectral lines and no significant flux contribution to the SED from either companion are detected, which places individual upper mass limits of M {2, 3} ≲ 1.0 M ☉, provided they are not stellar remnants. If the tertiary is not a stellar remnant, then it likely has a mass of ∼0.5–0.6 M ☉, and its orbit is likely significantly inclined from that of the secondary, suggesting that the Kozai–Lidov mechanism may have driven the dynamical evolution of this system.
Surrogate models assisted by neural networks to assess the resilience of networks

The assessment of networks is frequently accomplished by using time-consuming analysis tools based on simulations. For example, the blocking probability of networks can be estimated by Monte Carlo simulations and the network resilience can be assessed by link or node failure simulations. We propose in this paper to use Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to predict the robustness of networks based on simple topological metrics to avoid time-consuming failure simulations. We accomplish the training process using supervised learning based on a historical database of networks. We compare the results of our proposal with the outcome provided by targeted and random failures simulations. We show that our approach is faster than failure simulators and the ANN can mimic the same robustness evaluation provide by these simulators. We obtained an average speedup of 300 times.
Post-Transcriptional Control of Coenzyme Q 1 Biosynthesis Revealed by Transomic Analysis 2 of the RNA-Binding Protein Puf 3 p 3

Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA 6 Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA 7 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA 8 Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA 9 Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA 10 Co-first author 11 These authors jointly supervised this work 12 Lead Contact 13 *Correspondence: wickens@biochem.wisc. edu (M.W.) or dpagliarini@morgridge.org (D.J.P.) 14
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of a 7-Day Administration of Intravenous Itraconazole followed by a 14-Day Administration of Itraconazole Oral Solution in Patients with Hematologic Malignancy

ABSTRACT The pharmacokinetics and safety of an intravenous hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin solution of itraconazole administered for 7 days followed by itraconazole oral solution administered at 200 mg once or twice daily for 14 days were assessed in 17 patients with hematologic malignancies. Steady-state plasma itraconazole concentrations were reached by 48 h after the start of intravenous treatment. The mean trough plasma itraconazole concentration at the end of the intravenous treatment was 0.54 ± 0.20 μg/ml. This concentration was not maintained during once-daily oral treatment but increased further in the twice-daily treatment group, with a trough itraconazole concentration of 1.12 ± 0.73 μg/ml at the end of oral treatment. As expected in the patient population studied, all patients experienced some adverse events (mainly gastrointestinal). Biochemical and hematologic abnormalities were frequent, but no consistent changes occurred. In conclusion, 7 days of intravenous treatment followed by 14 days of twice-daily oral treatment with itraconazole solution enables plasma itraconazole concentrations of at least 0.5 μg/ml to be reached rapidly and to be maintained. The regimen is well tolerated and has a good safety profile.
Comparison of Advanced Detection Techniques for QPSK Signals in Super-Nyquist WDM Systems

We compare the performance of detecting quadrature-phase-shift-keying (QPSK) in a super-Nyquist wavelength division multiplexing system as a QPSK and quadrature duobinary (QDB) signal using maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion with both simulations and experiments. Three different detection schemes are studied: 1) QPSK detection with a multitap linear equalizer followed by a MLSE or MAP detector; 2) QPSK detection with only a MLSE or MAP detector; and 3) QDB detection with a MLSE or MAP detector, where a multitap linear equalizer and a delay-&-add operation are placed before the MLSE/MAP detector to convert a QPSK signal to a QDB signal. Our simulations and experiments show that the QDB detection with multitap MLSE does not provide better performance than that with two-tap MLSE, and the QDB detection with two-tap MLSE has better filtering tolerance than the QPSK detection with linear equalization followed by a multitap MLSE/MAP detector.
( OC-635-A )-Aquadicarbonylchlorido [ 2-( 2-pyridyl )-1 , 8-Naphthyridine-κ 2 N 1 , N 2 ] Ruthenium ( II ) Hexafluoridophosphate 2 , 2 ′-Bipyridine

A dicarbonylruthenium(II) complex containing bidentate 2-(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine, as well as monodentate aqua and chlorido ligands, were isolated and characterized using spectroscopic techniques and single crystal X-ray diffraction. These data indicate that geometrical isomerization occurs during the substitution reaction involving a superacid. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on the plausible geometrical isomers. The DFT-optimized structures and calculated infrared spectra suggest that the experimentally obtained structure is stable.
A short introduction to splines in least squares regression analysis

Splines are an attractive way of flexibly modeling a regression curve since their basis functions can be included like ordinary covariates in regression settings. An overview of least squares regression using splines is presented including many graphical illustrations and comprehensive examples. Starting from two bases that are widely used for constructing splines, three different variants of splines are discussed: simple regression splines, penalized splines and smoothing splines. Further, restrictions such as monotonicity constraints are considered. The presented spline variants are illustrated and compared in a bivariate and a multivariate example with well-known data sets. A brief computational guide for practitioners using the open-source software R is given.
Hydatid Cyst of Thoracic Spine: A Rare Cause of Paraplegia

Primary spinal hydatid cysts are uncommon and extradural involvement is rare. We report an unusual case of Paraplegia due to hydatid disease of primary site of infection extra spinal muscles in thoracic region from T5 to T8 level extending into a daughter cyst at T9 level, is main cause of acute Paraplegia . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an extradural round cystic lesion in the spinal canal filling the posterior and left postero-lateral expect at T9 level, markedly compressing the cord. The cyst was removed after laminectomy and opening of the dural sac, with excision of extraspinal mass in left paravertebral region from T5 to T8 level. Histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of hydatid cyst. Early decompression surgery of the spine with chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for the disease.
Choice network revenue management based on new compact formulations

The choice network revenue management model incorporates customer purchase probabilities as a function of the offered products, and is the appropriate model for airline and hotel network revenue management, dynamic sales of bundles, and dynamic assortment optimization. The optimization problem is a stochastic dynamic program and is intractable; a linear programming approximation called choice deterministic linear program (CDLP ) is usually used to generate controls. Tighter approximations such as affine and piecewise-linear relaxations have been proposed, but their complexity for the simplest choice model, the multinomial logit (MNL) model with a single segment, was unknown. We first show that the affine relaxation (and hence the piecewise-relaxation) is NP-hard even for a single-segment MNL choice model. By analyzing the affine relaxation we derive a new linear programming approximation that admits a compact representation, implying tractability. We prove that its value falls between the CDLP value and the affine relaxation value, often coming close to the latter in our numerical experiments. This is the first tractable relaxation for the choice network revenue management problem that is provably tighter than CDLP . This formulation in turn leads to new policies that, in our numerical experiments, show promise of significant increases in revenue, 2% on average over CDLP . Our analysis also yields a more complicated tractable relaxation, as well as a hierarchial family of relaxations that approach the affine relaxation. We give extensions to the case with multiple customer segments with overlapping consideration sets where choice by each segment is according to the MNL model. ∗Indian School of Business, Hyderabad, 500032, India, email: sumit kunnumkal@isb.edu †Imperial College Business School, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K. email: kalyan.talluri@imperial.ac. uk
The advantage of silicon carbide material in designing of power bipolar junction transistors

The use of Silicon Carbide in designing of power components made exceptional improvements by their high breakdown voltage in the off state, ultra-fast switching with a minimum loss during their turn-On and turn-Off transitions especially at high operating temperatures where silicon power devices reaching their limits of operations. This paper presents a comparative study, through numerical simulation using the finite element method, between a 4H-SiC power bipolar junction transistor and a Silicon power bipolar junction transistor having the same breakdown voltage, 3KV, to highlight the benefits of Silicon Carbide material in their designing.
High-Order FEM Mode Matching Analysis of Circular Horns With Rotationally Symmetric Dielectrics

An analysis method for circular horns with dielectric inclusions is discussed. The method is based on 2-D high order finite element method coupled to mode matching. Comparison with results available in the literature and with experimental data on a vacuum window horn, in a typical radio astronomy configuration, validates the accuracy and efficiency of the method developed.
Secure multiple antennas spectrum sensing under continuous attacking traffic

In this paper, the impact of the malicious users and the Primary User (PU) traffic in a Cognitive Radio (CR) network considering the existence of Primary User Emulation Attack (PUEA) are studied. Intelligent attackers are considered which they do not make the channel busy all the times. We consider a traffic model for PUEA and PU simultaneously. Then, an effective fast scheme is proposed to identify the time span when the attacker gets into or departs from the spectrum. We analyze the performance of the proposed detector analytically. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effects of different parameters on the performance of the proposed scheme and to obtain the best strategy to overcome the impact of the attacker's presence in such networks.
A secondary suppression subtractive hybridization method for isolation and identification of some salt-induced genes in soybean ('Glycine max' L. Merr)

The yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) has been seriously challenged by increased salinization of the land. Continuous efforts are needed to understand the salt tolerance mechanism in soybean using suitable biotechnological tools. Although the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was a powerful technique and has been successful in some cases, it may retain some less effective genes which make screening difficult. In order to enrich the target sequences and improve screening efficiency, a secondary subtraction was implemented. In this study, three SSH cDNA libraries were constructed and 1500 clean EST sequences were obtained from forward SSH libraries for further analysis. Using real-time PCR, the expression of 16 representative candidate genes was examined and their differential expressions in NaCl treated Wenfeng7 (salt-tolerant) and Union (salt-sensitive) was confirmed. Dot blot hybridization analysis showed that the retention of common EST sequences were significantly reduced or eliminated in the SSH3 library. GO (gene ontology) annotation and COG (cluster of orthologous group) functional classification revealed that development-related genes and defense mechanism genes were removed from the SSH3 library and salt-tolerance related EST sequences were further enriched, suggesting that the secondary subtraction is a simple and effective way to enrich response-specific genes and improve screening efficiency.
Structural and Ferromagnetic Properties of Sputtered FeCoB/AlN Soft Magnetic Multilayers for GHz Applications

Owing to their large saturation magnetization and low hysteresis loss, soft magnetic layers based on amorphous alloys currently receive great attention for their potential for gigahertz frequencies applications. In this paper, we studied the structural and magnetic properties of amorphous FeCoB/AlN multilayered thin films with in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy based on the Fe-28%Co-20%B (at. %) alloy, deposited on 8” Si/200 nm-thermal-SiO<sub>2</sub> wafers in an industrial, high-throughput magnetron sputtering system. Depending on the process conditions and hardware configuration, the multilayers exhibit structural anisotropy consisting of surface ripples elongated perpendicular to the incident flux direction, which replicate through the entire multilayer stack. By varying the AlN interlayer thickness and sputter process parameters the anisotropy field <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{k}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of these films was tuned in the range of 25–130 Oe, while the coercivity along the magnetic easy axis <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> was kept low, 0.2–0.3 Oe. The ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the multilayered structures was ~2 GHz, and the experimental behavior of the magnetization dynamics was described by the classical Landau–Lifschitz–Gilbert model. Magnetic domain imaging confirmed a strong coupling between the adjacent FeCoB layers, in agreement with the edge-curling wall model.
Multi-hop Based Centrality of a Path in Complex Network

It is of great significance to study the robustness of different networks under different attacks. To attack the network more effectively, a new attack centrality strategy for a path based on the multi-hop by mapping the problems into percolation, which is called multi-hop centrality, is proposed in this paper. This method is tested respectively in two kinds of model networks (ER network, SF network) and some real networks by removing the path with the largest centrality from a network iteratively, and then calculating the network efficiency, the maximum size of the connected sub-graph and the corresponding number of attacks. The experiment results demonstrate that our method performs good. It also shows that more homogeneous the denser of networks is, the higher robust of the network is, and the better it against with iterative path attack.
Speeding-Up Age Estimation in Intelligent Demographics System via Network Optimization

Age estimation is a difficult task which requires the automatic detection and interpretation of facial features. Recently, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have made remarkable improvement on learning age patterns from benchmark datasets. However, for a face ``in the wild'' (from a video frame or Internet), the existing algorithms are not as accurate as for a frontal and neutral face. In addition, with the increasing number of in-the- wild aging data, the computation speed of existing deep learning platforms becomes another crucial issue. In this paper, we propose a high-efficient age estimation system with joint optimization of age estimation algorithm and deep learning system. Cooperated with the city surveillance network, this system can provide age group analysis for intelligent demographics. First, we build a three- tier fog computing architecture including an edge, a fog and a cloud layer, which directly processes age estimation from raw videos. Second, we optimize the age estimation algorithm based on CNNs with label distribution and K-L divergence distance embedded in the fog layer and evaluate the model on the latest wild aging dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that: 1. our system collects the demographics data dynamically at far-distance without contact, and makes the city population analysis automatically; and 2. the age model training has been speed-up without losing training progress or model quality. To our best knowledge, this is the first intelligent demographics system which has potential applications in improving the efficiency of smart cities and urban living.
Physiographical and historical effects on forest vegetation in central New England, USA

Aim Land‐use history can be an important determinant of ecosystem characteristics, even in landscapes that outwardly appear ‘natural’. In New England, like much of the eastern United States, the natural reforestation of agricultural lands over the past 150 years has created a predominantly forested landscape. Understanding the physiographical and historical factors controlling forest structure and composition is a major challenge to ecologists, conservationists and land managers.
Automated Cloud-Based Data Assembly in the RECOVER Wildfire Decision Support System

NASA Wrangler is a loosely-coupled, event driven, highly parallel data aggregation service designed to take advantage of the elastic resource capabilities of cloud computing. Wrangler automatically collects Earth observational data, climate model outputs, derived remote sensing data products, and historic biophysical data for pre-, active-, and post-wildfire decision making. It is a core service of the RECOVER decision support system, which is providing rapid-response GIS analytic capabilities to state and local government agencies. Wrangler reduces to minutes the time needed to assemble and deliver crucial wildfire-related data.
Flat-Top CWDM (De)Multiplexer Based on MZI With Bent Directional Couplers

A low-crosstalk and flat-top 4-channel coarse wavelength-division multiplexing (de)multiplexer is proposed and demonstrated. The cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers are used to provide flat pass-bands. By utilizing the power splitters based on the bent directional couplers, the crosstalk of the Mach-Zehnder interferometers could be ultra-low for all four channels. The measurement results of the fabricated device show that the crosstalk is <−20 dB over a 12-nm wavelength range, the 0.5-, 1-, and 3-dB bandwidths are ~13, ~16, and ~19 nm for all four channels, which agree well with the simulations. Furthermore, the device footprint can be as small as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 300~\mu \text{m} \times 100~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
A Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm with Convergence of Update Process in Local Search

Shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) is meta-heuristic for solving complex optimization problems. It is one of promising optimistic methods which are based on swarm intelligence. SFLA combines the advantages of memetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization and has been widely used in engineering fields. In order to overcome the shortcomings of local search in the classic SFLA, a novel update method with convergence property is presented in this paper. On the basis of the proposed approach, the modified SFLA is presented afterwards. Experimental results show that the efficiency and convergence of the modified SFLA can be enhanced significantly.