Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disseminated Histoplasmosis: Intestinal Multiple Ulcers without Gastrointestinal Symptoms in an Immune Competent Adult

Gastrointestinal involvement in disseminated histoplasmosis can occur at any site along the GI tract without specific manifestations, although causes clinical symptoms in only 3–12% of patients. Intestinal histoplasmosis is the most common one, particularly at the terminal ileum as it’s abundant in lymphoid tissue. Endoscopic findings in the intestines were from erythema, edema, ulcers to perforation. As the lack of specificity of these manifestations in symptoms and colonoscopy, intestinal histoplasmosis may be misdiagnosed, leading to inappropriate therapies and unnecessary surgical interventions. We report a case of immunocompetent disseminated histoplasmosis involving the colon and terminal ileum which presented fever and weight loss without gastrointestinal symptoms. So taking disseminated histoplasmosis as differential diagnosis even in immunocompetent asymptomatic patients is necessary for gastroenterologists and endoscopists.
Experiences of Chinese academics working at an Australian regional university an embedded case study

Globalisation and international migration can be found among many professions and occupations. Australian universities are employing academics with international experiences, plus international academics with experience of other educational systems. While there is increasing body of research about the experiences of international students in Australian universities, there is limited research concerning experiences of international academics, especially those of Chinese origin. This study explores and documents the experiences of nine Chinese academics working at a regional Australian university. An embedded case study approach enabled an analysis of interview data where the experiences of these academics were examined in relation to the changing social and political contexts within the People's Republic of China since 1949 and the HE context in Australia. This study found that these academics began their educational journeys in China with eventual migration to Australia. All nine academics possessed higher education qualifications and a proven research capacity that enabled them gain academic positions at the regional university. Their experiences of the Australian higher education system varied and this demonstrated a range of personal and professional adjustments in order to gain a permanent position in a regional university. Therefore this study contributes to an area where there is little systematic research on Chinese academic migration generally, but more specifically the potential impact of the Chinese academics in Australian institutions.
Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer

S TAT E M E N T O F N E E D Despite improvements, colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to pose a heavy toll with an estimated over 1 million annual new cases of CRC and over half a million deaths worldwide. According to the American Cancer Society, in the US alone in 2008 there will be 148,810 patients newly diagnosed with CRC and 49,960 deaths. Current chemotherapeutic treatment options for patients with metastatic CRC consist of various combination and monotherapy regimens involving the cytotoxic agents 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine, the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, and the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. The choice of therapy involves consideration of multiple factors. Treatment planning for patients with CRC has evolved beyond distinct lines of therapy to a continuum of care. The goal is to improve patient survival and quality of life by maximizing patient exposure to all active treatment while minimizing treatment-related toxicity. The availability of several active treatment options has significantly improved the outcome for patients with metastatic CRC, but it has also increased the complexity of decision-making, patient and caregiver counseling, and overall treatment planning for clinical oncologists. While maximizing patient exposure to all active treatments has been shown to positively impact patients’ survival, many patients do not respond to treatment. In retrospect, these non-responders have been needlessly exposed to potentially toxic and costly treatments. To avoid these needless exposures, oncologists need tools to help match active treatment and individual patients. Advances are being made in developing molecular biomarkers that will help identify which patients are less likely or more likely to respond to treatment, or to developing certain treatment-related toxicities. New clinical data on biomarkers in CRC have been recently reported, but some of these results have not yet been reflected in revised versions of these important documents. Oncologists need to understand these new data and critically analyze these results, to help them determine if and how to best incorporate key findings into their clinical practice. Improved and expanded knowledge of new clinically relevant findings will help physicians S U P P L E M E N T T O ONCOLOGYTIMES
Comparison between Highly-Talented and Low- Talented Nurses on their Characteristics and Quality of Nursing Care

Purpose: This study aims to compare between highly-talented and low-talented nurses in regard to the quality of nursing care they provide as perceived by the nurses themselves. Methods: A descriptive comparative design was used to recruit all the available Kuwaiti nurses (N=72 nurses) from the 6 medical regions in Kuwait. Nurses’ talent was measured by using the self-assessment Nurse Competence Scale, the Gardner Career Commitment Scale, and the Nurses’ Contribution Scale. The quality of care was measured by the Nurses’ Assessment of Quality Scale. Results: 43 (59.7%) nurses were highly-talented. The findings revealed that there were no significant differences between the low-talented and the highly-talented nurses in terms of their characteristics. However, the quality of nursing care was better among the group of highly-talented nurses. Conclusion: One way to assess talent in nursing is by assessing the competence, the commitment, and the contribution of the nurses.
Gestational Diabetes in a Tertiary Healthcare Centre at Abeokuta, South Western Nigeria: A Five Year Retrospective Review

Background: Women with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of adverse perinatal and maternal morbidities. Hence early detection and management of this condition is vital to ensure better outcome for both mother and baby [1,2]. Approximately 7% of all pregnancies are complicated by diabetes mellitus, resulting in more than 2000000 cases annually. 1 The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) ranges from 1 to 14% of all pregnancies, depending on the population studied and the diagnostic test employed [8,9]. In the recent years, there had been a rapid rise in the incidence of diabetes in pregnancy. This is due to the increasing number of women in the reproductive age population with pre-gestational diabetes (type 2 DM) and increase in the number of women being diagnosed with gestational diabetes [2]. Original Research Article Chukwunyere et al.; IJTDH, 7(1): 23-31, 2015; Article no.IJTDH. 2015.054 24 Aim: To determine the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta and to evaluate the feto-maternal outcome of their pregnancies. Materials and Methods: This study is a 5 year retrospective review of gestational diabetes mellitus cases at the Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta (between 2009 to 2013) as well as the outcomes of these pregnancies. A proforma was used to collect data from case notes of all gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cases diagnosed within the stated period. All pregnant women in 24 weeks of gestation and above who are considered to be at risk after undergoing preliminary clinical examination were given a 75g oral glucose load, using the WHO standardized oral glucose tolerance test [4,5]. Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed if 2 hour plasma glucose was ≥140 mg/dl. Results: The incidence rate of gestational diabetes mellitus was found to be 1.13% of the pregnancies. Overall, there was a preponderance of GDM mothers with tertiary level of education (34.15%). The majority of mothers with GDM in this study, had maternal age ≥31yrs (78.1%), increased body mass index ≥25 (82.9%) and previous intrauterine fetal death (28.3%). Many of the women (48.78%) had parity of 2-3 and various complications were seen in 43.9% of mothers and 22% of the newborns. Caesarean section as the mode of delivery was significantly high at 61%. Conclusion: The morbidities associated with gestational diabetes are still enormous and timely screening of mothers could be beneficial in reducing the complications seen in gestational diabetes mellitus mothers.
Similarity and Discrimination: A Selective Review and a Connectionist Model

The 1st part of this article evaluates the extent to which 2 elemental theories of conditioning, stimulus sampling theory and the Rescorla-Wagner (1972) theory, are able to account for the influence of similarity on discrimination learning. A number of findings are reviewed that are inconsistent with predictions derived from these theories, either in their present form or in various modified forms. The 2nd part of the article is concerned with developing an alternative, configural account for discrimination learning. In contrast to previous configural theories, the present version is set within the framework of a connectionist network. The studies of stimulus generalization by Pavlov (1927) provided the first demonstration of the influence of similarity on conditioning. Once a dog had been trained to salivate to a tone of a given frequency, it was found that tones of other frequencies would also elicit this response but to a lesser degree. The magnitude of this generalization decrement was directly related to the extent of the difference between the training and the test stimuli. Pavlov's findings have been replicated on many occasions with a wide range of species. There have also been a number of attempts to understand these findings.
Asian-American Acculturation, Severity of Concerns, and Willingness to See a Counselor.

Asian Americans at a major West Coast university were surveyed to determine how severe each of 24 problems was for them and to assess their willingness to see a counselor for each problem. Factor analysis reduced the 24 problems to 8 areas of concern. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that severity ratings for the 8 concerns were related to acculturation and ethnicity. With severity ratings as covariates, a repeated measures analysis of covariance was computed for willingness to see a counselor ratings. Willingness to see a counselor was found to be related to both acculturation and gender across all 8 concerns. Women expressed greater willingness to see the counselor than did men and low-medium acculturated students expressed greater willingness to see a counselor than did high-acculturated students. In an extensive review of research on counseling and psychotherapy with Asian Americans, Leong (1986) concluded that Asian Americans' underutilization of mental health services is well documented, despite some evidence of higher than normal need for services. A number of hypotheses, most of which assume a conflict between the psychotherapy process and the values of traditional A*sian-American culture, have been offered to explain this pattern of underutilization. For example, it has been hypothesized that Asian Americans avoid mental health services because to seek outside help will bring shame upon their families (Root, 1985; Webster & Fretz, 1978). It also has been hypothesized that Asian Americans underutilize mental health services because they are socialized to internalize stress and repress feelings (Sue & Kitano, 1973; Sue & Morishima, 1982). Furthermore, they may be socialized to believe that psychological problems are the result of bad thoughts and a lack of willpower and that they must resolve problems of this type on their own (Root, 1985). Moreover, when Asian-American students do seek help, their presenting concerns are often different from Caucasian students. Sue and Kirk's (1975) study of students at the University of California, Berkeley, revealed that Asian-American students overutilized the campus counseling center but underutilized the psychiatric clinic when compared to general student use patterns. Sue and Kirk suggested that this was due to the less stigmatized services provided by the counseling center (e.g., academic and career counseling) than the services provided at the psychiatric clinic (e.g., mental health counseling); Asian Americans may be more reluctant than other groups to seek help for stigmatized mental health concerns. Tracey, Leong, and Glidden (1986) found additional support for this hypothesis. They reported that Asian-American clients were more likely to cite educational or vocational concerns
A Retrospective Clinical Study to Evaluate Treatment Outcomes of Vital Pulp Therapy with ProRoot(RTM) Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Endosequence(RTM) Root Repair Material, and Biodentine (RTM)

Fit to be Tied: Social Network Structures and Evaluation Apprehension by Andrew L. Nicholson In everyday life, people are typically connected to others, and these variably strong connections facilitate social influence related to a range of phenomena, from shaping body image and, impacting self-esteem to shaping behaviors through exhibiting social norms. Although the strongest ties (those most intimate and influential) can be very important to a person, there can also be a fear of judgement (i.e., evaluation apprehension) in those relationships. In online social networks, the relationship between tie strength and evaluation apprehension may emerge differently than in offline spaces due to affordances of social media, the asynchronous nature of computer-mediated communication, and the networked audience on social media; the potential influences of discrete ties may be additive because groups of strong ties may also exert a similar normative influence. In order to explore the possible links between evaluation apprehension and online social network structures (i.e., cumulative tie strength and network density), a study was conducted in which participants (N = 96) first completed an initial online survey (assessing online evaluation apprehension and demographics), then viewed an in-lab visualization of their Twitter network (to capture social network structure characteristics), and finally completed a second survey (to capture network use habits). Analysis revealed associations between evaluation apprehension and tie strength as well as evaluation apprehension and network density with a moderate effect size. Results are interpreted to suggest that evaluation apprehension may be digitally contextual, predictors of tie strength may serve as affirmation, social network features may influence evaluation apprehension, and digital social networks may function as a conglomerate discipline-mechanism similar to that of the panopticon.
Deaf Accessibility in a Three-Day Instructional Skills Workshop: An Explorative Study

Caribbean countries and Canada are signatories of the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (UN, 2019) and some have passed national disability laws designed to address inequities in their respective countries. Such progress is welcomed by disabled people in our societies as a step in the right direction. However, challenges still exist in the application of principles, laws, policies, and protocols in disability accessibility and accommodations. Chouinard (2001), asserts that the disconnect between societal laws and the lived experiences of disabled people give rise to a status that she calls "shadow citizens" - that is, disabled people are citizens until they actually attempt to access or enact their rights, then they are frequently relegated to the status of 'shadows'. there, but not there. The practices of accommodation/accessibility for disabled people often bump up against normative practices, systems, structures and attitudes in education, employment and societal participation. This study provides a demonstration of how normative practices and values create inequities and barriers in the setting of a short and intensive three-day workshop in instructional practices. The researcher is a culturally Deaf person who signs fluently and was raised in a Deaf family. The research examined and evaluated the Instructional Skills Workshop through Critical Disability Studies and Deaf Studies orientations to identify possible barriers and sites of potential accommodation for Deaf learners, specifically Sign Language instructors. The researcher participated in a three-day Instructional Skills Workshop (ISW) and maintained a journal of his experiences. The research journal and the workshop manuals constituted the data sets. Data analysis involved a) selecting salient episodes from the researchers' journal and applying Galloway et al's Ethic of Accommodation (EOA) to the episodes and b) applying a 'Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis to the overall experience including the participants' manuals. Findings indicate that the EOA's definition of listening becomes a casualty because disabled people are required to constantly remind people of accommodation needs, well-meaning people initially are helpful in accommodation but revert back to normative practices and behaviours in conducting the training, and that the ISW three-day structure format, the intensity of the schedule and quick exposure to foundational premises may not fit a Deaf Studies approach to this short, intensive professional development.
Fact vs. Fiction: Uncovering the Experiences of Homeless/Street Youths' Involvement in Survival Sex

Youth involvement in trading/selling sex has become of concern for policy makers, scholars, and the general public in recent years (Cecchet & Thorburn, 2014; Hossain, et al, 2010; Pub L No. 106-386; Reid & Piquero, 2013; Sapiro, Johnson, Postmus, & Simmel, 2016; Shared Hope International, 2015). The behavior of trading/selling sex is defined dichotomously within the literature. One body of literature, employs the term “survival sex” when empirical work focuses on trading/selling sex among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) identified individuals or youth that are homeless (Greene, Ennett & Ringwalt,1999; Halcon & Lifson, 2004; Walls & Bell, 2011). Other literature refers to any youth involved in trading/selling sex as victims of “human trafficking” or “commercial sexual exploitation,” especially when the focus is on cisgender young women (Cecchet & Thorburn, 2014; Hossain, et al., 2010; Reid & Piquero, 2013; Sapiro, Johnson, Postmus, & Simmel, 2016). This separation in the literature asserts a division in the perception of young people involved in trading/selling sex. Some have stated that this empirical divide has created a separation between youth who are seen as worthy (commercially sexually exploited youth) or unworthy victims (youth identified as involved in survival sex; Lutnick, 2016) Currently, among the research available regarding youth involvement in trading/selling sex, very
Preferred Traits in Personal Trainers

i List of Figures.iv List of Tables.v Introduction.1 Personality Traits.2 Occupational Traits.3 Education.4 Physique.5 Methods.7 Experimental Approach to the Problem.7 Subjects.8 Measures.8 Procedures.9 Research Question.9 Statistical Analyses.10 Results.11 Discussion.13
Scaling carbon fluxes from eddy covariance sites to globe: synthesis and evaluation of the FLUXCOM approach

Abstract. FLUXNET comprises globally distributed eddy-covariance-based estimates of carbon fluxes between the biosphere and the atmosphere. Since eddy covariance flux towers have a relatively small footprint and are distributed unevenly across the world, upscaling the observations is necessary to obtain global-scale estimates of biosphere–atmosphere exchange. Based on cross-consistency checks with atmospheric inversions, sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) and dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs), here we provide a systematic assessment of the latest upscaling efforts for gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of the FLUXCOM initiative, where different machine learning methods, forcing data sets and sets of predictor variables were employed. Spatial patterns of mean GPP are consistent across FLUXCOM and DGVM ensembles (R2>0.94 at 1∘ spatial resolution) while the majority of DGVMs show, for 70 % of the land surface, values outside the FLUXCOM range. Global mean GPP magnitudes for 2008–2010 from FLUXCOM members vary within 106 and 130 PgC yr−1 with the largest uncertainty in the tropics. Seasonal variations in independent SIF estimates agree better with FLUXCOM GPP (mean global pixel-wise R2∼0.75) than with GPP from DGVMs (mean global pixel-wise R2∼0.6). Seasonal variations in FLUXCOM NEE show good consistency with atmospheric inversion-based net land carbon fluxes, particularly for temperate and boreal regions (R2>0.92). Interannual variability of global NEE in FLUXCOM is underestimated compared to inversions and DGVMs. The FLUXCOM version which also uses meteorological inputs shows a strong co-variation in interannual patterns with inversions (R2=0.87 for 2001–2010). Mean regional NEE from FLUXCOM shows larger uptake than inversion and DGVM-based estimates, particularly in the tropics with discrepancies of up to several hundred grammes of carbon per square metre per year. These discrepancies can only partly be reconciled by carbon loss pathways that are implicit in inversions but not captured by the flux tower measurements such as carbon emissions from fires and water bodies. We hypothesize that a combination of systematic biases in the underlying eddy covariance data, in particular in tall tropical forests, and a lack of site history effects on NEE in FLUXCOM are likely responsible for the too strong tropical carbon sink estimated by FLUXCOM. Furthermore, as FLUXCOM does not account for CO2 fertilization effects, carbon flux trends are not realistic. Overall, current FLUXCOM estimates of mean annual and seasonal cycles of GPP as well as seasonal NEE variations provide useful constraints of global carbon cycling, while interannual variability patterns from FLUXCOM are valuable but require cautious interpretation. Exploring the diversity of Earth observation data and of machine learning concepts along with improved quality and quantity of flux tower measurements will facilitate further improvements of the FLUXCOM approach overall.