Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Date Fruits Classification Using Probabilistic Neural Networks

Fruits of five Date cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera,L.) were studied and Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNN) techniques were used to develop a classifier of them. Color properties of Berhi, Bomaan, Khalas, Lolo and Fard in RGB color space were used as segregation criteria. Images of fifteen fruits of each cultivar were used to train the classifier. The input, radial basis and competitive layers were used to build the developed classifier in a Matlab 6.5 environment. The developed classifier was examined using twenty five non-training fruit images under different spread values as a smoothing factor. Final results showed a great influence of the spread value on the classification accuracy within. Final classification accuracy was 100%, 80%, 80% 60% and 80% for Fard, Khalas, Lolo, Bomaan and Berhi respectively.
Characterization by GC/MS-FID and GC/MS-HS-SPME and insecticidal activity against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) of essential oils and powder of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich from Senegal

Today the use of plant extracts, in particular essential oils, is a natural alternative to synthetic insecticides in the fight against crop pests. In this study, the insecticidal activity of essential oils and powder of Xylopia aethiopica (Annonaceae) were tested by both fumigation and contact against Callosobruchus maculatus. The essential oil of X. aethiopica, obtained by steam distillation and the powder, with a particle size of 1 mm, were used for the tests. The analysis of essential oils and powder of X. aethiopica by GC-MS/FID and GC/MS-HS-SPME, showed that the main compounds were β-pinene (28.9–19.0%), 1,8-ci neole (14.9–7.6%) and α-pinene (9.8–19.4%). Insecticidal activity of essential oils and powder of X. aethiopica, respectively, by fumigation (F) and contact (C) against C. maculatus showed toxicity LD50 = 0.2 ± 0.0 μl · cm –3, LT50 = 16.4 ± 1.2 h (F) and LD50 = 9.2 ± 0.7 g · kg –1, LT50 = 69.6 ± 0.4 h (C). The essential oil and powder of X. aethiopica can be considered as bio-insecticides against C. maculatus for the protection of cowpeas in Senegal.
GRAMI: Generalized Frequent Subgraph Mining in Large Graphs

GRAMI: Generalized Frequent Subgraph Mining in Large Graphs Mohammed El Sayed El Saeedy Mining frequent subgraphs is an important operation on graphs. Most existing work assumes a database of many small graphs, but modern applications, such as social networks, citation graphs or protein-protein interaction in bioinformatics, are modeled as a single large graph. Interesting interactions in such applications may be transitive (e.g., friend of a friend). Existing methods, however, search for frequent isomorphic (i.e., exact match) subgraphs and cannot discover many useful patterns. In this paper we propose GRAMI, a framework that generalizes frequent subgraph mining in a large single graph. GRAMI discovers frequent patterns. A pattern is a graph where edges are generalized to distance-constrained paths. Depending on the definition of the distance function, many instantiations of the framework are possible. Both directed and undirected graphs, as well as multiple labels per vertex, are supported. We developed an efficient implementation of the framework that models the frequency resolution phase as a constraint satisfaction problem, in order to avoid the costly enumeration of all instances of each pattern in the graph. We also implemented CGRAMI, a version that supports structural and semantic constraints; and AGRAMI, an approximate version that supports very
Rotary TravelingWave Oscillator Arrays: A New Clock Technology

Rotary traveling-wave oscillators (RTWOs) represent a new transmission-line approach to gigahertz-rate clock generation. Using the inherently stable LC characteristics of on-chip VLSI interconnect, the clock distribution network becomes a low-impedance distributed oscillator. The RTWO operates by creating a rotating traveling wave within a closed-loop differential transmission line. Distributed CMOS inverters serve as both transmission-line amplifiers and latches to power the oscillation and ensure rotational lock. Load capacitance is absorbed into the transmission-line constants whereby energy is recirculated giving an adiabatic quality. Unusually for an LC oscillator, multiphase (360? ) square waves are produced directly. RTWO structures are compact and can be wired together to form rotary oscillator arrays (ROAs) to distribute a phase-locked clock over a large chip. The principle is scalable to very high clock frequencies. Issues related to interconnect and field coupling dominate the design process for RTWOs. Taking precautions to avoid unwanted signal couplings, the rise and fall times of 20 ps, suggested by simulation, may be realized at low power consumption. Experimental results of the 0.25-? m CMOS test chip with 950-MHz and 3.4-GHz rings are presented, indicating 5.5-ps jitter and 34-dB power supply rejection ratio (PSRR). Design errors in the test chip precluded meaningful rise and fall time measurements.
Development and Validation by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Estimation of Piperine and Coenzyme Q10 in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

Today people are focused on their health, as good health is a key to the happiness of our life. Medicine takes a big responsibility to take care of our health. Various supplements are available to meet the nutritional requirement. One such supplement is a combination of piperine and coenzyme Q10. The medicines have to be analyzed properly before introducing them to the market. As no analytical method is available for simultaneous estimation of the combination, hence an attempt was made to develop a validated method for the estimation of piperine and coenzyme Q10 simultaneously in bulk and its dosage form. A simple, precise, accurate and validated reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography technique was developed for the estimation of piperine and coenzyme Q10 in bulk and its tablet formulation. In this developed method, Waters X Bridge C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used as a stationary phase and acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and water was used in 65:32:3 (v/v) ratio as mobile phase with 1 ml/min flow rate. This isocratic separation was accomplished using Waters 2707 Autosampler high performance liquid chromatography system, Waters 515 solvent delivery system, with photodiode array detector detection at 275 nm. Chromatographic data was processed by Empower 2 software. The retention times of coenzyme Q10 and piperine were 4.56 and 8.19 min respectively. The linearity ranges have lied between 4-6 μg/ml, 240-360 μg/ml for piperine and coenzyme Q10 respectively with 0.997 as correlation coefficient for both.
99% False Positives: A Qualitative Study of SOC Analysts' Perspectives on Security Alarms

In this work, we focus on the prevalence of False Positive (FP) alarms produced by security tools, and Security Operation Centers (SOCs) practitioners’ perception of their quality . In an online survey we conducted with security practitioners ( n = 20) working in SOCs, practitioners conﬁrmed the high FP rates of the tools used, requiring manual validation. With these ﬁndings in mind, we conducted a broader, discovery-orientated, qualitative investigation with security practitioners ( n = 21) of the limitations of security tools, particularly their alarms’ quality and validity. Our results highlight that, despite the perceived volume of FPs, most are attributed to benign triggers—true alarms, explained by legitimate behavior in the organization’s environment, which analysts may choose to ignore. To properly evaluate security tools’ adequacy and performance, it is critical that vendors and researchers are able make such distinctions between types of FP. Alarm validation is a tedious task that can cause alarm burnout and eventually desensitization. Therefore, we investigated the process of alarm validation in SOCs, identifying factors that may inﬂuence the outcome of this process. To improve security alarm quality, we elicit ﬁve properties ( R eliable, E xplainable, A nalytical, C ontextual, T ransferable) required to foster effective and quick validation of alarms. Incorporating these requirements in future tools will not only reduce alarm burnout but improve SOC analysts’ decision-making process by generating interpretable and meaningful alarms that enable prompt reaction.
A miniature electro-optic switch array

We present a new miniature electro-optic (EO) switch array structure. The input signal can be effectively switched to the output waveguide with a low insertion loss of < 0.2dB. A high extinction ratio of > 30dB can be achieved at a low switching voltage of 0.6V. The innovative device structure enables easy scale-up to NxN array with a size of only a few millimeter square. The EO optical switch array provides a promising EO switches technology for high-speed optical networks.
Health monitoring: new techniques based on vibrations measurements and identification algorithms

Purpose of the paper is to present an innovative application inside the nondestructive testing field based on vibrations measurements, developed, at the Department of Aeronautical Engineering of the University of Naples "Federico II" (Italy), by the authors during the last three years, and already tested for analysing damages of many structural elements. The aim has been the development of a nondestructive test (NDT) which meet to most of the mandatory requirements for effective health monitoring systems, simultaneously reducing as much as possible the complexity of the data analysis algorithm and of the experimental acquisition instrumentation; these peculiarities may, in fact, not be neglected for an operative implementation of such a system. The proposed new method is based on the acquisition and comparison of frequency response functions (FRFs) of the monitored structure before and after an occurred damage. Structural damages modify the dynamical behaviour of the structure such as mass, stiffened and damping, and consequently the FRFs of the damaged structure in comparison with the FRFs of the sound structure, making possible to identify, to localize and quantify a structural damage. The activities, presented in the paper, mostly focused on a new FRFs processing technique based on the determining of a representative "damage index" for identifying and analysing damages both on real scale aeronautical structural components, like large-scale fuselage reinforced panels, and on aeronautical composite panels. Besides it has been carried out a dedicated neural network algorithm aiming at obtaining a "recognition-based learning"; this kind of learning methodology permits to train the neural network in order to let it recognise only "positive" examples discarding as a consequence the "negative" ones. Within the structural NDT a "positive" example means "healthy" state of the analysed structural component and, obviously, a "negative" one means a "damaged" or perturbed state. With this object in view the neural network has been trained making use of the same FRFs of the healthy structure used for the determining of the damage index, as positive examples. From an architectural point of view magnetostrictive devices have been tested as actuators, and piezoceramic patches as actuators and sensors. Besides it has been used a laser-scanning vibrometer system to validate the behaviour of the piezoceramic patches and define their technical parameters in order to lay the bases for design a light and reliability system. These techniques promise to bring a step forward for the implementation of an automatic "health monitoring" system which will be able to identify a structural damage in real time, improving the safety and reducing maintenance costs
Design and Implementation of a Multi Level Three-Phase Inverter with Less Switches and Low Output Voltage Distortion

This paper proposes and describes the design and operational principles of a three-phase three-level nine switch voltage source inverter. The proposed topology consists of three bi-directional switches inserted between the source and the full-bridge power switches of the classical three-phase inverter. As a result, a three-level output voltage waveform and a significant suppression of load harmonics contents are obtained at the inverter output. The harmonics content of the proposed multilevel inverter can be reduced by half compared with two-level inverters. A Fourier analysis of the output waveform is performed and the design is optimized to obtain the minimum total harmonic distortion. The full-bridge power switches of the classical three-phase inverter operate at the line frequency of 50Hz, while the auxiliary circuit switches operate at twice the line frequency. To validate the proposed topology, both simulation and analysis have been performed. In addition, a prototype has been designed, implemented and tested. Selected simulation and experimental results have been provided.
Preliminary data from the unicorn genome: the first possible indication in history of mammalian evolution of hybridization across orders

In this study we present the preliminary finding of what could be the first record in history of hybridization between mammalian Orders (Perissodactyla and Cetacea). Phylogenetic analyses from the unicorn (Equus unicornus) mitochondrial genes (protein-coding Cytochrome b, Cytb) show a matriline belonging to the Narwhal (Monodon monceros) while nuclear (V-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog, Kit) clearly show a sister relationship of the unicorn-pegasus (Equus alatus) clade with the rest of the Perissodactyl family Equidae. Our preliminary study strongly suggests the need for further investigation because this finding could completely revolutionise our understanding of the processes of hybridization in mammals.
The Sandia MEMS passive shock sensor : FY08 design summary.

This report summarizes design and modeling activities for the MEMS passive shock sensor. It provides a description of past design revisions, including the purposes and major differences between design revisions but with a focus on Revisions 4 through 7 and the work performed in fiscal year 2008 (FY08). This report is a reference for comparing different designs; it summarizes design parameters and analysis results, and identifies test structures. It also highlights some of the changes and or additions to models previously documented [Mitchell et al. 2006, Mitchell et al. 2008] such as the way uncertainty thresholds are analyzed and reported. It also includes dynamic simulation results used to investigate how positioning of hard stops may reduce vibration sensitivity.
The Effect of Ultrasonic Wave as Bio- stimulator of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Growth

Soybean is important crop globally, providing oil and protein. Ultrasonic wave that has discovered provides stim ulant force to callusformings, used to stimulate soy bean explants. In this work, soybean tissues from seed of Glycine max L. were cultured on agar solidified Murishige and Skoog medium until soy bean sho ots formed. Then, some of them were exposed to ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 40 KHz for 5 minutes a day in a week (seven days). It known that explants conditioned by ultrasonic formed callus with biomass of 1.7 gram and sample without ultrasonic condition ing produced 1.13 gram. So that, callus with ultrasonic gave 60. 07% higher biomass than callus formed from explants without ult rasonic conditioning. In term of surface area, callus formed with ul rasonic have 5.326 cm surface area and the one with no ultrasonic have 6.259 cm. Index Terms biophysics, ultrasonic, bio-stimulator, soybean, in vitro
V2I-based startup assistance system at signalized intersections

Traffic delays are caused by unskilled vehicle operation and driver distraction during the startup process at signalized intersections. To address this issue, we propose a V2I-based driver assistance system that can acquire the current traffic signal status and provide drivers with startup assistance. This article presents the proposed system’s architecture and an assistance algorithm, which contains two types of driver assistance methods: startup prompting and automatic startup control. The automatic startup control method, based on fuzzy logic control, is validated in simulation tests. We also implement startup prompting using a prototype system and validate its performance in field tests. The test results suggest that the proposed assistance algorithm can help drivers start up their vehicles with less delay, which will significantly improve traffic efficiency.
Weakening of the cognition and height association from 1957 to 2018: Findings from four British birth cohort studies

Background: On average taller individuals have been repeatedly found to have higher scores on cognitive assessments, yet it is unclear whether the magnitude of this association has systematically changed across time. Recent studies have found that this association can be explained by genetic factors, yet this does not preclude the influence of environmental or social factors that affect the genome. We tested whether the association between cognition and height has weakened across time. Methods: We used four British birth cohorts (born 1946c, 1958c, 1970c, and 2001) with comparable data available at 10/11 and 14/17 years (N = 41,418). Height was measured at each age, and cognition via verbal reasoning (10/11 years) and vocabulary/comprehension scales (14/16 years) and via mathematical tests at both ages. We constructed age-adjusted height and cognition measures and converted cognition measures to ridit scores to aid interpretation. We then used linear and quantile regression to investigate whether cross-sectional associations between cognition and height differed in each cohort, sequentially adjusting for sex, childhood socioeconomic position, and maternal and paternal height. Results: Taller participants had higher mean cognitive assessment scores in childhood and adolescence, yet the associations were weaker in later (1970c and 2001c) cohorts. After adjustment for sex the mean difference in height comparing the highest with lowest verbal cognition scores at 10/11 years was 0.57 SD (95% CI = 0.44, 0.7) in the 1946c, 0.59 SD (0.52, 0.65) in the 1958c, 0.47 SD (0.41, 0.53) in the 1970c, 0.30 SD (0.23, 0.37) in the 2001c. This pattern of change in association was observed across all specifications (ages 10/11 and 14/16 years, and for each cognition measure used), and was robust to adjustment for social class and parental height, and modelling of plausible missing-not-at-random scenarios. Quantile regression suggested that these average differences were driven by differences in the lower centiles of height. This pattern was most evident in older cohorts. For example, in 1958c, the difference in height was 0.73 SD (0.64, 0.82) at the 10th centile, yet 0.46 SD (0.34, 0.57) at the 90th centile. Conclusion: Associations between height and cognitive assessment scores in childhood-adolescence weakened by at least half from 1957 to 2018. These results support the notion that environmental and social change can markedly weaken associations between cognition and other traits.
Elderly Drivers' Needs: Methodological Approach and its Application to the Educational Context

The aim of this research is to explore the travel needs of Chinese older drivers in order to assist designers to better understand current and future users’ needs. A methodological triangulation consisting of interviews, logbook and co-discovery is used to collect multiple forms of data and explore the research question. The pilot study developed an initial concept model to identify older drivers’ travel needs. Within this approach a vehicle is a “mediator” which gives a tangible expression about user’s experiences. It is envisaged that the proposed model can play an important role in design education in order to help design students to better understand the relations between culture and design. The application of the model in an educational context will focus on vehicle design as a representative example.
Significance of the Inflatable Antenna Experiment Technology

The IN-STEP Inflatable Antema Experiment (IAE) was intended to demonstrate high payoff technology for large, inflatable space antenna structures, in a realistic operational enviromnent. The experiment was based on the L’Garde, Inc. concept for a large, offset, parabolic reflector antenna and their associated technology data base at the time of initiation of the experiment in the early 1990’s. The level of technology maturity at L’Garde, Inc. for their new antenna concept was commensurate with extensive space flight experience with small space deployable decoy-type structures and the capability for producing large flight prototype structural components such as reflector structures, strut and torus structures and lenticular structures. Since the IAE was the fast large, high precision, multiple-structural element, inflatable/ deployable space structure on orbit, a number of totally new technologies were demonstrated and evaluated. The new and unique technologies associated with this experiment include mechanical packaging techniques for membrane reflectors and rigidizable type support structures; handling, processing and assembly of thin membrane materials; ascent venting techniques for lenticular and strut/torus type structures; deployment control techniques. for both reflector and support structures; and, the design and manufacturing of large, high precision, doubly curved, thin membrane reflector structures. Due to the lack of meaningful hardware demonstrations to establish the maturity of these technologies, prior to IAE, there was no serious interest by the Antenna User Community. The advent of the experiment seems to have changed this. The objective of the IAE was to demonstrate a level of technology maturity for large, inflatable deployable, space antenna structures for the user community based on the technology data base at L’Garde, Inc. at the time of initiation of the experiment’~2~3*4~5~6*7.