Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neurobiology of Positive Emotion Disruption in Neurodegenerative Disease

Alterations in emotion are common in neurodegenerative disease. Although often associated with diminished functioning, neurodegeneration of emotion circuits can lead to both losses and gains in a range of emotional functions, including reactivity, regulation, appraisal, and empathy. Most previous research in this area has focused on the impact of neurodegeneration on negative emotions; however, there has recently been increasing interest in the degree to which neurodegenerative diseases may also alter positive emotions. This chapter reviews how different neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease) impact positive emotions and the neural basis of positive emotion alterations. We will also discuss how decreases and increases in positive emotional reactivity can lead to specific behavioral symptoms in neurodegenerative disease and can impact patients’ family members and caregivers.
Validation of an Instrument to Assess the Skill Levels of Adolescent Students to Learn Knowledge

The objectives of this study were to a)verify the validity and reliability of a scale to assess skill levels to learn content knowledge (SLACK) and b) develop percentile norms to assess the SLACK of adolescent students. The study included 2270 students (1134 males and 1136 females) ranging in age from 10.0 to 18.9 years old. A scale was used to measure the SLACK. The results showed high values of validity (saturation between 0.32 and 0.54) and with internal consistency from 0.83 and 0.84. The LMS method made it possible to create percentiles p10, p50, and p90 in order to classify the (SLACK) based on category, age, and sex. The results suggested the use and application of the scale with the school education system by using the percentiles to diagnosis, classify, and monitor the skills for learning knowledge validly and reliably.
Center-based Programs for Infants with Visual Impairments and Their Families: “Natural” or “Unnatural” Learning Environments?

Center-based Programs for Infants with Visual Impairments and Their Families: "Natural" or "Unnatural" Learning Environments? Deborah Chen In 1998, new language in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Part C, strengthened the requirement that early intervention services should be provided "in natural environments to the maximum extent appropriate. " Further, the revised legislation states that the Individualized Family Service Plan (lFSP) should describe these natural environments or provide a justification for why services cannot be provided in natural environments. Currently, many states are interpreting this strengthened requirement as mandating service provision in homes, day care, and other community settings that serve infants (from the ages of birth to 3 years) without disabilities; and this interpretation is confirmed by the U.S. Department of Education (Ingel & Stettner-Eaton, 1998). If a natural environment is defined as a typical setting for infants without disabilities, then a center-based program designed specifically for those with disabilities is considered an "unnatural environment. "
Museum Collections and Online Users: Development of a Segmentation Model for the Metropolitan Museum of Art

Abstract This article presents a segmentation of users who visit The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s online collection. The six segments defined in this study are professional researcher, personal interest information-seeker, student researcher, inspiration-seeker, casual browser, and visit planner. The study combines web analytics with more traditional survey methods to show how digital research tools can be incorporated into visitor studies in the emerging domain of online product evaluation. The results of this user research advance the understanding of museum website audiences, with detailed data and descriptions of each segment. The article argues that it is important for museums to create multiple kinds of online experiences to reflect the varying motivations, art background, context, and online behavior of website users. Moreover, the article provides a discussion on the implications of this user diversity for evaluating the impact and value of online museum collections. The evaluation framework needs to include metrics to measure the user experience by considering the online collection from three perspectives: as a resource for research and learning, as a source of inspiration, and as a tool for planning a visit to the museum.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Complexity of Emotion Experience and Behavioral Adaptation

This article systematically reviews studies investigating the effect of three operationalizations of complexity in emotion experience (i.e., differentiation, covariation, and variability) on situational behavioral adaptation (i.e., physiological, cognitive, and overt action responses), and quantifies the results with meta-analyses. Twenty-seven studies of emotion complexity were identified and divided into four categories: (a) trait and (b) state studies within clinical samples, and (c) trait and (d) state studies within nonclinical samples. Most studies investigated trait emotion differentiation, revealing negligible to small effects (r range: .06 to .15). Only 4 studies in total assessed indicators of state emotion complexity. The theoretical assumptions behind the indicators of emotion complexity as well as the conceptualization of behavioral adaptiveness are critically discussed, and a number of future avenues for this type of research are proposed.
Care Without Assumption: The Perceptions of Transgender Persons Regarding Their Experiences With Nursing Care

Transgender persons lead highly marginalized lives coupled with secondary social issues, making it challenging for them to receive respectful quality healthcare. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of transgender patients, so that nursing curricular changes may be instituted. The narrative inquiry allowed the exploration of patient perceptions with nursing care. Four themes emerged, including marginalization, uninformed nursing, system factors, and nursing role significance. Transgender persons suffer from discrimination and feelings of marginalization as a result of institutional culture, personal bias, and assumption. More research may support curricular and system advances for transgender patients.
Studies of Nuclex effect under cardiovascular disorders, influenza and acute upper respiratory tract infection

The obtained results have confirmed the efficacy of Nuclex in terms of normalisation of parameters of coronary reserve, and in terms of elimination of the main signs and symptoms of influenza and acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), in particular, Normalisation of body temperature, disappearance of headache, catarrhal phenomena, and general fatigue. The decrease in intensity of these signs and symptoms in the study group appeared one to three days earlier than in the control group, and this difference remained significant until the end of treatment. On the 14th day of Nuclex intake influenza A virus H1N1 could not be found by means of PCR in 58.33% of the study group patients, meanwhile in the control group patients the virus was still detectable. The results have clearly demonstrated the significant difference in the treatment efficacy between the control and study groups thus favouring the latter. Nuclex has been proven effective to completely remove the influenza virus from the body.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUTE AND PRACTICES OF MOTHERS REGARDING ACUTE DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT IN THE URBAN POPULATION OF HILLY REGION OF UTTARAKHAND.

Background : Diarrhoea is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Diarrhoeal disease kills 1.5 million children every year. Globally, there are about two billion cases of diarrhoeal disease every year. Methods : The cross sectional survey was conducted over a period of six months among 392 mothers of children who were suffering from diarrhea or had a episode within two weeks of the date of interview from urban field practicing areas of the department of community medicine, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali government medical college, Srinagar, Garhwal. Results : Out of 392 respondents only 168 (43%) gave ORS to the children. Only 28(7.1%) children were given Zn tablets. Correct method of preparation of ORS and sugar salt solution at home was not known to most of the mothers. 73% of the mothers believed that frequency of feeding must be decreased at the time of diarrhoeal episode. Conclusions : The study shows a gap is there in the required knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding acute diarrhoeal diseases among caregivers. It demands concerted efforts from various departments for a positive behavior change.
Using Behavioral Insights to Market a Workplace Safety Program: Evidence From a Multi-Armed Experiment

This paper describes how a multi-armed randomized experiment was used to test multiple variants of a behaviorally informed marketing strategy. In particular, we tested whether specific behavioral messages could be used to increase demand for a safety consultation service offered by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Our experiment used a partial factorial design with 19 study arms and a very large research sample—97,182 establishments—to test the impact of various message, formats, and delivery modes compared with an existing (not behaviorally informed) informational brochure and a no-marketing counterfactual. A secondary research goal was to predict the impact of the most successful marketing strategy (i.e., combination of message, format, and mode) so that OSHA would know what to anticipate if that strategy were implemented at scale. We used two related (but distinct) methods to address these two goals. Both begin with a common mixed (i.e., fixed and random effects) ANOVA model. We addressed the first research goal primarily from the fixed effects; we addressed the second research goal by calculating best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) from the full mixed model, where the BLUP involves “shrinkage” as in empirical Bayes (EB) approaches. Marketing via brochures was effective overall, nearly doubling the rate of requests for services. However, the behaviorally informed materials performed no better than OSHA’s existing informational brochure. This study also highlights the conditions under which a factorial design can be used to efficiently address questions about which of several program variants are most effective.
The Smells, Sights, and Pleasures of Ink on Paper: The Consumption of Print Newspapers During a Period Marked by Their Crisis

ABSTRACT Much has been written about the crisis of print newspapers, but with more attention paid to issues of production and distribution rather than reception. Furthermore, the scholarship on contemporary print newspaper reception has been limited by a focus on the information dimension and on countries in the Global North. To help overcome these limitations, in this paper we ask two questions that inquire into the reception of print newspapers in the contemporary media environment, and do so within a country from the Global South. Drawing upon an analysis of 158 semi-structured interviews conducted in the City of Buenos Aires and other parts of the country, we find that people continue reading print newspapers not solely, or even primarily, for the information contained in their pages, but for dynamics that tie together news content with materiality, routinization, and larger practices of incorporation of this media artifact into their daily lives. These dynamics are partly shaped by distinctive aspects of the Argentine context, including business strategies, family rituals, urban patterns, and a culture of nostalgia.
Effects of environmental factors present during the administration of the California High School Exit Exam on students' outcome scores

Previous research involving environmental factors and test administration has largely been based on case studies. This study looked at the environmental factors present during testing for the spring 2004 administration of the California High School Exit Exam (CAHSEE) in an attempt to quantify some of the factors that were previously only qualitatively reported. Short phone interviews, consisting of 20 questions, were conducted and environmental factors were examined for 90 schools across California. Five factors were examined for their ability to predict passing percentages of students on the CAHSEE at the school level. The results indicated that socioeconomic status was the only significant predictor. There was a lack of statistical evidence concluding that the environmental factors included in this study predicted passing percentages. These findings were not consistent with previous case studies specific to the CAHSEE and further research is suggested including the inclusion of a social desirability scale.
An exploratory investigation of the effect of reading strategies on science assessment scores

iv List of Figures . viii List of Tables . ix Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Purpose of the Study . 2 Research Questions . 3 Significance of the Study . 3 Key Terms . 4 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 5 Common Literacy Struggles for Students with Learning Disabilities . 5 Improving Literacy Strategies . 6 Graphic Organizers . 11 Conclusions . 16 Chapter 3: Methodology . 18 Setting . 18 School . 18 Classroom . 18 Participants . 19 Research Design. 21 Assessments . 23 Chapter 4: Results . 25 Graphic Organizers . 25
Evaluation of the Illinois adoption preservation and linkages (APAL) program using a regression discontinuity design

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the Illinois Adoption Preservation and Linkages (APAL) program using a regression discontinuity design. APAL is a brief needs assessment and service referral program designed to prevent adjustment difficulties for former foster youth who reside in legally permanent adoptive and guardianship homes. Data for this study was derived from a stratified random sample of adoptive and guardianship caregivers in Illinois who completed a survey. Results showed that APAL participation was associated with fewer child behavior problems and higher caregiver commitment to the child. Findings have implications for interventions designed to support post-adoptive and guardianship families.
a An exploration of what contributes to sustaining adult-child interactions in an early years forest school

This systematic literature review was developed in response to a request from a local Nursery. This meta-ethnographic review of qualitative literature sought to explore what research suggests supports children's language and communication in the outdoor environment within the EYFS. Through repeated reading of four relevant articles, relationships, environmental influences and child-led exploration were highlighted as supporting children's language and communication within this environment. The review highlighted that these were part of a complex interplay, with adults appearing to be the pivotal aspect in each of these areas. In the studies analysed the main form of data collection was through observations of the children and practitioners in the outdoor environment with some informal conversations with staff. There appeared to be a lack of in depth understanding of what the staff themselves thought supported their interactions with children in the outdoor environment.
A Comparative Study of Language Planning in Specific Domains in Chinese and International Journals (2002–2017)

Recent years have witnessed a surge of interest in language planning in specific domains (e.g. business, courts, science, schools, communities, families, etc.). This paper reviews 356 articles on language planning in specific domains in four preeminent international journals and four leading Chinese journals to develop a portrayal of scholarly endeavors over the past 15 years. By a systematic analysis of domains, geographical distribution, and choice of methodology, this review identifies the global and local foci of studies published in international and Chinese journals. The findings suggest that approaches to language planning vary, as the Chinese literature tends to project a top-down model whereas international research mostly reflects a bottom-up perspective focusing on the role of individual agency. The findings highlight the integral role of language planning as one of the emerging fields in applied linguistics, and discusses future directions that Chinese research in language policy and planning could take to enable more interactions with international academia.
An Unusual Case of Porokeratotic Eccrine Ostial and Dermal Duct Nevus on the knee and the perianal region

Porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct nevus (PEODDN) is a rare, benign congenital hamartoma involving the eccrine sweat duct. Histologically, the distinctive feature of PEODDN is the existence of keratinous plugs that represent cornoid lamellae overlying dilated infundibula of eccrine ducts. Lesions are typically asymptomatic papules or plaques that are located on the distal extremities, including palms, fingers and soles. We report a case of a 7-year old girl with PEODDN who exhibited lesions on the left knee and the perianal region.
Investigating the diversity of scientific methods in high-stakes chemistry examinations in England

ABSTRACT The traditional description of “the scientific method” as a stepwise, linear process of hypothesis testing through experimentation is a myth. Although the teaching and learning of the scientific method have been a curriculum and assessment goal, the notion of the ‘scientific method’ itself has been identified as being problematic. Many researchers have recognised there is no single scientific method. However, there does not seem to be any useful guidelines for how best to deal with the nature of scientific methods in school science, including in high-stakes summative assessment. The article presents the use of a framework to illustrate the diversity of scientific methods that goes beyond the traditional limitations of a scientific method, to provide a more comprehensive and inclusive account, including non-manipulative parameter measurements. The framework not only clarifies the definition of scientific methods but also is adapted as an analytical framework to trace how scientific methods are framed in high-stakes chemistry examination papers from three examination boards in England. Such analyses can potentially point to what is emphasised in chemistry lessons, given how instrumental high-stakes testing is for driving teaching and learning. Results from an empirical investigation of examination questions are presented, highlighting an imbalance in the representation of methods in chemistry tests.
Competing with Menus of Tariff Options

The nature of numerous strategies of firms is often discrete or countable. This adds difficulty to measuring and testing for the existence of complementarities among several strategies. This paper introduces a generalized multivariate count data model that allows estimating correlations of any sign among the pricing decisions of competing firms in a manner that is robust to the existence of unobserved heterogeneity leading to either over- and underdispersion of the distribution of counts. Thus, it is possible to overcome a major challenge in testing whether two decisions are strategic complements or substitutes, namely, dealing with the effect of unobserved heterogeneity. I study how firms actually compete in nonlinear tariffs by analyzing the interrelation between the incumbent and entrant's decisions to offer a given number of tariff options. Results document the existence of complementarity among tariff options regardless of whether they are dominated or not. This result supports the view that the implementation of nonlinear tariffs by means of a menu of self-selecting two-part tariffs has some strategic competitive value. (JEL: C35, D43, M21)
Exploring women-centred, holistic, and trauma-informed programming for provincially incarcerated women in Canada : a case study of the New Brunswick Women’s Correctional Centre

This thesis considers current program implementation at a provincial jail in New Brunswick, Canada, to explore the research question: how do women offenders experience services and supports relating to the women-centred programming regime implemented at The New Brunswick Women’s Correction Centre (NBWCC)? Women-centred programming, which combines a trauma-informed approach with holistic health principles, was originally designed for Federal prisons, and was only recently adopted by this provincial jail. This qualitative research project involves semi-structured interviews with a sample of women. Women offenders’ comments are analyzed using feminist criminological perspective. Data were analyzed thematically to reveal two overarching response categories: ‘Lack (or Inadequacy) of Programming’ and ‘Lack of Mental Health Supports’. Research results suggest that although the interviewed women perceive a lack of programming and services, the majority report an improvement in their overall health status post incarceration, a finding that is not noted in a recent 2018 provincial governmental report. Date: April 29, 2019
Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity and Exercise for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury

This study investigated the relationship between functional disability and perceived barriers to physical activity and exercise in persons with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Participants were 144 individuals with SCI (mean age was 44 years old; 61% were male participants; 41.3% had spinal cord lesion at the cervical level, 43.7% at the thoracic level, and 14.3% at the lumbar level) from the National Spinal Cord Injury Association in the United States. Data on physical activity and exercise participation were collected using a cross-sectional online survey and analysed using multivariate analysis of variance and hierarchical regression analysis. The primary research findings indicate that level of functional disability was a predictor of perceived barriers to physical activity and exercise. Moreover, health barriers were found to be a partial mediator for functional disability and physical health-related quality of life, suggesting perceived barriers may help to explain the association between functional disability and physical health-related quality of life.
Mycobacterium avium complex infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

ORGANISMS of the Mycobacterium avium complex have long been recognized as an uncommon cause of pneumonia in persons with chronic lung disease.1 2 3 4 Organisms of this complex, which comprises two closely related species, M. avium and M. intracellulare, appear to have little virulence in the normal host. Before the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, disseminated infection with M. avium complex was extremely rare; by 1980, only 24 cases had been reported in the medical literature.5 Beginning in 1982, however, when the infection was recognized in patients with AIDS, the number of cases increased dramatically. At first, the minimal inflammatory response .