Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation Hydrological Model of Distributed Rainfall and Evaporation in Biliu River Basin

The Biliu River originates from the southern foot of Qinling Mountain in Gaizhou city, with an elevation of 1047 m, and is the largest river in Dalian. The hydrological elements mainly include rainfall, runoff, temperature, evaporation, and other time series associated with the hydrological cycle. Among them, runoff is the most visible output performance, and the direct source of runoff is during rainfall. This paper establishes a reservoir scheduling model that considers the influence of multiple uncertainty factors and analyzes the influence of mixed uncertainty on reservoir scheduling and Xingli’s objectives based on probability box theory. In terms of uncertainties, the uncertainty of hydrological model parameters and the randomness of precipitation processes are mainly considered, with the former having an impact on river runoff simulation and the latter having an impact on both river runoff simulation and crop irrigation water demand. In the case of the Jing River basin, for example, the results show that, compared to the stochasticity of the precipitation process, the variation in precipitation has a significant effect on irrigation water demand in maize, followed by the frequency of precipitation, and the interaction between the two is not significant.
Solution Algorithms for Single-Machine Group Scheduling with Learning Effect and Convex Resource Allocation

This paper deals with a single-machine resource allocation scheduling problem with learning effect and group technology. Under slack due-date assignment, our objective is to determine the optimal sequence of jobs and groups, optimal due-date assignment, and optimal resource allocation such that the weighted sum of earliness and tardiness penalties, common flow allowances, and resource consumption cost is minimized. For three special cases, it is proved that the problem can be solved in polynomial time. To solve the general case of problem, the heuristic, tabu search, and branch-and-bound algorithms are proposed.
WILSON: A Divide and Conquer Approach for Fast and Effective News Timeline Summarization

Major news media frequently uses the method of news timeline summarization to summarize important daily news over major events across the timeline. While various sophisticated meth-ods have been proposed to generate both concise and complete news timelines, in practice, generating timelines from a large number of news articles not only faces quality issues but also encounters the challenge of generation speed, which all existing methods have neglected. To mitigate these issues, in this work, we propose to speed up timeline generation by dividing the whole summarization task into sub-summarization tasks, adopting the “divide and conquer" philosophy: (1) date selection and (2) text summarization. Furthermore, since existing methods in news timeline summarization pay less attention to the date selection than text summarization, in this paper, we re-examine the role of date selection in news timeline summarization and demonstrate that accurate date selection “alone" can significantly contribute to the task of news timeline summarization. Leveraging on the explicit date selection, then, we propose a simple yet fast and effective news time-line summarization method, named WILSON (neWs tImeLine SummarizatiON). Experimented on two widely used timeline summarization benchmark datasets, timeline17 and crisis , empirical evaluation shows that WILSON outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in both speed and ROUGE scores, significantly improving ROUGE-2 F1 scores by 9 . 5% ∼ 17 . 7% and reducing generation time by two orders of magnitude. A further user study with professional journalists also validates the superiority of WILSON. Finally, we build a real-time news timeline summarization system and achieve encouraging results on an industrial-level corpus.
Node Importance Evaluation of Cyber-Physical System under Cyber-Attacks Spreading

The study of cyber-attacks, and in particular the spread of attack on the power cyber-physical system, has recently attracted considerable attention. Identifying and evaluating the important nodes under the cyber-attack propagation scenario are of great signiﬁcance for improving the reliability and survivability of the power system. In this paper, we improve the closeness centrality algorithm and propose a compound centrality algorithm based on adaptive coeﬃcient to evaluate the importance of single-layer network nodes. Moreover, we quantitatively calculated the decouple degree of cascading failures caused by exposed nodes formed by attack propagation. At last, experiments based on the IEEE 57 test system show that the proposed compound centrality algorithm can match the cyber-attack propagation scenario well, and we give the importance values of the nodes in a speciﬁc attack scenario.
COMPARISON OF TWO SIMPLE METHODS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF DETECTION THRESHOLDS FOR BASIC, UMAMI AND METALLIC TASTES

Two simple methods were followed to determine detection thresholds for the taste of substances in aqueous solution. The methods applied were: a modification of the ascending method of limits and a method based on the use of scales. Detection thresholds were calculated for the four basic tastes (sweet, salty, acid, and bitterness), umami and metallic. Reference substances for each taste were sucrose, sodium chloride, citric acid, caffeine, monosodium glutamate and iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate and the results of the two methods were compared. We found that the threshold values calculated by method ASTM-679 was within the range of concentrations identified with the scales method.
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) templating of macroporous silica beads

We report the first example of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) templating silica. The biocompatible nanoparticles were obtained from cetylpalmitate and Tween 20 via the solvent injection method. The macroporous material consists of silica beads of 0.5–1.5 μm with a hollow morphology, imprinting from the starting SLN, of 50–400 nm in size.
Kinetics of thermal degradation of char-forming plastics from thermogravimetry. Application to a phenolic plastic

A technique was devised for obtaining rate laws and kinetic parameters which describe the thermal degradation of plastics from TGA data. The method is based on the inter-comparison of experiments which were performed at different linear rates of heating. By this method it is possible to determine the activation energy of certain professes without knowing the form of the kinetic equation. This technique was applied to fiberglass-reinforced CTL 91-LD phenolic resin, where the rate law - (1/we)(dw/dt) = 1018e−55,000/RT [(w - wf)/w0,]5, nr. −1, was found to apply to a major part of the degradation. The equation was successfully tested by several techniques, including a comparison with constant temperature data that were available in the literature. The activation energy was thought to be correct within 10 kcal.
Synthesis and Optical Properties Study of Some Metal Complexes of Poly (Vinyl Chloride)-Pyridine-4-Carbohydrazide

Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) react with pyridine-4-carbohydrazide (L) in THF to form the PVC-L compound, which have been characterize by spectroscopic methods. PVC-L has further been reacted with different metals ions to form PVC-L-M II complexes. The structures of these complexes have been characterized by FTIR and UV-VIS. Spectrophotometry. The optical properties in the region from (200-900 nm) were studied using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The optical data analyzed and interpreted in term of the theory of phonon assisted direct electronic transitions. According to energy gap data the conductivity of PVC and the complexes.
MECHANISTIC STUDIES ON NITROGENASE FROM KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE USING THE RAPID QUENCH TECHNIQUE

ABSTRACT A mechanism for the nitrogenase-catalysed reduction of dinitrogen (N2) to ammonia is presented. The mechanism is based on pre-steady state kinetic data for dihydrogen (H2), hydrazine (N2H4) and ammonia (NH3) formation obtained by a rapid quench technique and on a consideration of the chemistry of transition metal dinitrogen, dinitrogen hydride and hydride complexes. Stopped-flow spectrophotometry has demonstrated that electron transfer between the component proteins of nitrogenase is coupled to the hydrolysis of MgATP and that the dissociation of the oxidised Fe protein from reduced Mo-Fe protein is the rate limiting step in the catalytic cycle. A hydrazido(2–) species is suggested as an intermediate in N2 reduction and a nitride or nitrene species as an intermediate in both N2 and azide reduction.
The Influence of Acetone Degreasing on the Corrosion Behavior of AA2024-T3

We have previously shown with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy that acetone remaining on the surface of a copper strip after degreasing, can react slowly with water vapor under ambient light to form acetic acid and cause severe corrosion. The reaction was completely inhibited in darkness. This suggested that copper reacted photochemically with acetone and water. This paper shows that acetone degreasing of the AA2024-T3, as per ASTM E1078-97 cleaning protocol, has a similar effect on constituent copper-rich intermetallic particles. When an acetone-degreased alloy was exposed to a mist of sodium chloride solution under ambient light, the formation of acetic acid together with a layer of chloride solution resulted in severe pitting. Pitting was inhibited under conditions of darkness. The slow reaction of surface-absorbed acetone with water leading to the formation of acetic acid appeared to be prevented. There was also evidence for the redeposition of dissolved copper onto the alloy matrix under conditions that induced pitting.
Evolution of PM2.5 Measurements and Standards in the U.S. and Future Perspectives for China

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) were first established in the United States to protect public health and welfare, and the concept has been adopted in China and many other countries. For particulate matter (PM), the NAAQS indicator evolved from total particle mass concentration, to PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentrations as defined by the PM size-selective properties of the monitoring instrument and human inhalation characteristics. Particle measurements started with optical microscopy in the early 18 th century, and scientific research over the past 300 years has related particles to adverse environmental and health effects. Several options for PM2.5 measurement and assessment are available to China and other developing countries as they implement new PM2.5 ambient air quality standards. Although much can be learned from the experience of North America and Europe, China can leapfrog ahead in terms of PM2.5 monitoring and emission reduction technology. China-specific guidance documents should be created for network design, equipment selection and operation, quality control and quality assurance, database management, and interpretation. Future air quality management and standards will need to consider multiple pollutants and their effects on visibility, climate, materials, and ecosystems in addition to the primary concerns about public health.
A MICROSCALE HPLC METHOD FOR THE EVALUATION OF OCTANOL-WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENTS IN A SERIES OF NEW 2-AMINO-2-OXAZOLINES

A rapid and simple microscale method for the determination of octanol-water partition coefficients has been developed and evaluated for a series of twenty-six bioactive 2-amino-2-oxazolines. Solutes were equilibrated between n-octanol and water by using the shake-flask approach in a single partitioning. The concentration of each compound was measured in the aqueous phase before and after partitioning directly by RP-HPLC, and the peak areas ratio was used to calculate the partition coefficient log P. Log P values ranging from -0.22 to 3.69 have been determined with a precision better than ± 0.06 log unit. They were compared with the measured shake-flask octanol-water partition coefficient and with the calculated incremental Clog P values. The linear regression analyses between these lipophilic parameters show significant correlations, allowing validation of this chromatographic approach for the log P determination.
Solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of polystyrene with TiO2/Fe(St)3 as catalyst

A novel photodegradable TiO2-Fe(St)3-polystyrene (TiO2-Fe(St)3-PS) nanocomposite was prepared by embedding TiO2 and Fe(St)3 into the commercial polystyrene. Ferric stearate was added into polymer as cocatalyst in order to improve the dispersion in polystyrene and photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 nanoparticles. Solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of the TiO2-Fe(St)3-PS nanocomposite was carried out in an ambient air at room temperature under ultraviolet lamp. The properties of TiO2-Fe(St)3-PS composite film were compared with that of the pure PS film and the TiO2-PS composite film, through weight loss monitoring, scanning electron microscope, gel permeation chromatogram, and FTIR spectroscopy. The photodegradation efficiency of TiO2-Fe(St)3-PS composite film was higher than that of the pure PS film and the TiO2-PS composite film under the UV light irradiation. The average molecular weight (Mw) of TiO2-Fe(St)3-PS composite film decreased 63.08%, and the number of average molecular weight (Mn) decreased 79.49% after UV light irradiation for 480 h. Photo-oxidation leads to an increase in the low molecular weight fraction by chain scission, thereby facilitating biodegradation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
MOL099341 746..757

Upon treatment with the pregnane X receptor (PXR) activator rifampicin (RIF), human hepatocellular carcinomaHepG2-derived ShP51 cells that stably express PXR showed epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT)–like morphological changes and migration. Our recent DNA microarrays have identified hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) 4a and insulin-like growth factorbinding protein (IGFBP) 1 mRNAs to be downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in RIF-treated ShP51 cells, and these regulations were confirmed by the subsequent real-time polymerase chain reaction andWestern blot analyses. Using this cell system, we demonstrated here that the PXR-HNF4a-IGFBP1 pathway is an essential signal for PXR-induced morphological changes and migration. First, we characterized the molecular mechanism underlying the PXR-mediated repression of the HNF4a gene. Chromatin conformation capture and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed that PXR activation by RIF disrupted enhancer-promoter communication and prompted deacetylation of histone H3 in the HNF4a P1 promoter. Cell-based reporter and ChIP assays showed that PXR targeted the distal enhancer of the HNF4a P1 promoter and stimulated dissociation of HNF3b from the distal enhancer. Subsequently, small interfering RNA knockdown of HNF4a connected PXR-mediated gene regulation with the PXRinduced cellular responses, showing that the knockdown resulted in the upregulation of IGFBP1 and EMT-like morphological changes without RIF treatment. Moreover, recombinant IGFBP1 augmented migration, whereas an anti-IGFBP1 antibody attenuated both PXR-induced morphological changes and migration in ShP51 cells. PXR indirectly activated the IGFBP1 gene by repressing the HNF4a gene, thus enabling upregulation of IGFBP1 to change the morphology of ShP51 cells and cause migration. These results provide new insights into PXR-mediated cellular responses toward xenobiotics including therapeutics.
X-Ray Tomographic Microscopy (XTM) Using Synchrotron Radiation

The response of a material to an applied load is inherently three-dimen­ sional. Heterogeneous networks of second phases, reinforcing particles, and fibers act to redistribute applied loads into complex, three-dimensional distributions of stresses and strains. Mechanical properties measurements, however, traditionally rely upon oneand two-dimensional analytical tech­ niques to explain what are, in reality, three-dimensional responses. A load­ displacement curve is an example of a one-dimensional measurement, which is often used to measure global deformation in a sample, and to infer micro mechanical mechanisms that might be operating during deformation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are examples of essentially two-dimensional techniques that can be used to provide evidence for the origin of failure and whether
Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Hypertensive Patients

Hypertension also called as increased blood pressure (BP) is a chronic disorder in which BP is persistently elevated in the main systemic arteries. The main risk factor for cardiovascular disorder is hypertension. It is common in almost all countries. It makes a silent and gradual progress. Quality of life is a wide term which mainly affects the physical health, psychological condition, level of independence, social relationships and personal beliefs of a person. The HRQoL in people with hypertension can be mostly affected by the disease condition itself or due to the adverse effects of the treatment. Determining the quality of life of patients with hypertension has become an important issue. The HRQoL of hypertensive patients can be improved if the treatment and lifestyle modi ications are done correctly. Counseling the patients with hypertension regarding risk factors, lifestyle modi ications and medication adherence can also improve the HRQoL. Several questionnaires are available for assessing the HRQoL of people with different disorders. This questionnaire or instrument can be categorized into two types: the questionnaires for a speci ic disease and the general questionnaire. The SF instrument was introduced in theUnited States of America by the RANDSCorporation’s Health Insurance researches. It has now been translated tomore than 120world languages. Short form instrument is divided into different types which includes SF-36, SF-12, SF-20 and many more. EuroQol created EQ5D as a standardized method for assessing health status to provide a clear, objective health measure for medical and economic evaluation. The EQ5D instrument comprises of three versions: EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y. WHOQoLBREF, is a generic questionnaire administered on its own which contain 26 items. The MINICHAL was developed or introduced in 2001 in Spain which contains 17 questions. The word MINICHAL was obtained from “Mini Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida en Hypertensión Arterial.
Fluid Phase Equilibria of Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide Mixtures with Concentration Measurements by Raman Spectroscopy

Phase equilibria data for the system ethanol/carbon dioxide for T = 313.15 K and pressures up to p = 7.9 MPa are presented. The measurements were made by Raman spectroscopy without the extraction of probes from the autoclave. To the authors knowledge this is the first use of Raman spectroscopy for phase equilibria investigations at high pressure with supercritical carbon dioxide. The data show very good agreement with literature data.
The Impact of Controller Naturalness on Spatial Presence, Gamer Enjoyment, and Perceived Realism in a Tennis Simulation Video Game

The introduction and popularity of the Nintendo Wii home console has brought attention to the natural mapping motion capturing controller. Using a sample that iden-tiﬁed sports as their most frequently played video games, a mental models approach was used to test the impact that perceived controller naturalness (traditional controller vs. natural mapping motion capturing controller) had on perceptions of spatial presence, realism, and enjoyment. The results showed that perceived video game realism is a predictor of spatial presence and enjoyment. Furthermore, the results supported predictions that controller naturalness would inﬂuence perceived video game realism of graphics and sound. Future research should investigate whether or not these controllers lead to greater presence and enjoyment in different genres of games (e.g., ﬁrst-person shooters). In addition, future research should consider whether or not these controllers have the ability to prime violent mental models.
Classification of Arabic-Speaking Website Pages with Unscrupulous Intentions and Questionable Language

This study aims to put forward a comprehensive and detailed classification system to categorize different Arabic-speaking website pages with unscrupulous intentions and questionable language. The methodology of this is based on a quantitative approach by using different algorithms (supervised) to build a model for data classification by using manually categorized information. The classification algorithm used to construct the model uses quantitative information extracted by Posit or SAFAR textual analysis framework. This model functions with (58) features combined from Posit – n-grams and morphological SAFAR V2 POS tools. This model achieved more than (94 %) success in the level of precision. The results of this study revealed that the best results reaching 94% precision have been achieved by combining Posit + SAFAR + (18 attributes Posit+ SAFAR N-Gram). Moreover, the most reliable results have been achieved by applying a Random Forest classification algorithm using regression. The research recommends working more on this topic and using new algorithms and techniques.
Novel Nanopyramid Arrays of Magnetite

Pvramid-like Fe3O4 nanostructures (see Figure) are formed over large areas on alpha-Fe2O3(0001) substrates using a plasma-sputtering technique. No catalysts or templates are used in the reaction process. This nanostructure resembles Egyptian pyramids, possessing many layers and standing perpendicular to the substrate surface. These structures may have potential applications in constructing nanoscale magnetic and high-density storage devices.
Potent Antiviral Activity against HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 by Antimicrobial Peptoids

Viral infections, such as those caused by Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) and SARS-CoV-2, affect millions of people each year. However, there are few antiviral drugs that can effectively treat these infections. The standard approach in the development of antiviral drugs involves the identification of a unique viral target, followed by the design of an agent that addresses that target. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a novel source of potential antiviral drugs. AMPs have been shown to inactivate numerous different enveloped viruses through the disruption of their viral envelopes. However, the clinical development of AMPs as antimicrobial therapeutics has been hampered by a number of factors, especially their enzymatically labile structure as peptides. We have examined the antiviral potential of peptoid mimics of AMPs (sequence-specific N-substituted glycine oligomers). These peptoids have the distinct advantage of being insensitive to proteases, and also exhibit increased bioavailability and stability. Our results demonstrate that several peptoids exhibit potent in vitro antiviral activity against both HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 when incubated prior to infection. In other words, they have a direct effect on the viral structure, which appears to render the viral particles non-infective. Visualization by cryo-EM shows viral envelope disruption similar to what has been observed with AMP activity against other viruses. Furthermore, we observed no cytotoxicity against primary cultures of oral epithelial cells. These results suggest a common or biomimetic mechanism, possibly due to the differences between the phospholipid head group makeup of viral envelopes and host cell membranes, thus underscoring the potential of this class of molecules as safe and effective broad-spectrum antiviral agents. We discuss how and why differing molecular features between 10 peptoid candidates may affect both antiviral activity and selectivity.