Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The International Spillover Effects of US Monetary Policy Uncertainty

An extensive literature studies the international transmission of US monetary policy surprises (shifts in expected path of the policy rate). In this paper we show that changes in uncertainty around the expected path constitute an important additional dimension of spillover effects to global bond yields. In advanced countries, it is the term premium component of yields that responds to uncertainty. We find that this can be explained by an international portfolio balance mechanism. In contrast, for emerging countries it is the expected component of yields that reacts to uncertainty. This can be rationalized from a flight to safety channel. We find heterogeneity in the country-level response to uncertainty only in emerging economies and it is driven by the degree of financial openness. Finally, equity markets in both advanced and emerging countries also respond to US monetary policy uncertainty, but only since the financial crisis.
Chromosomal location and expression of a herbicide safener-regulated glutathione S-transferase gene in Triticum aestivum and linkage relations in Hordeum vulgare

The chomosomal location of a glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene was determined in both hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). The GST cDNA used to map the gene was cloned from the diploid wheat Triticum tauschii. GST loci were located on the short arms of chromosomes 6A, 6B, and 6D in T. aestivum and also on the short arm of chromosome 6H in H. vulgare. The GST locus in barley was absolutely linked to the RFLP marker E148A and was located 0.8 cM proximal to the RFLP marker ABC169B on barley chromosome 6H. At least two copies of the GST gene were present in each of the T. aestivum A, B, and D genomes, and a homologous GST gene was present as a single-copy gene in the barley genome. GST mRNA transcripts were not detected in RNA isolated from shoots of control (unsafened) seedlings of T. tauschii or T. aestivum. It was determined that the expression of the GST gene was regulated by herbicide safener treatment in T. tauschii and T. aestivum by detecting safener-increased GST mRNA .
Review of trial reintroductions of the long-lived, cooperative breeding Southern Ground-hornbill

Summary Reintroduction to, or reinforcement of, threatened wild populations are commonly used conservation strategies. Reintroductions of the Southern Ground-hornbill Bucorvus leadbeateri have been tested as a potential conservation tool for this vulnerable species since 1995. Forty-two individuals have been reintroduced under varying management strategies. We analysed the outcomes of these attempts to assess which factors contributed most to success or failure. The species exhibits complex social learning and hierarchy, and is long-lived, with delayed sexual maturity. Immediate survival was significantly affected by the season in which the release was done and by the quality of the released birds. The best-quality release birds were reared with wild behavioural characteristics and were well-socialised to captive conspecifics prior to being placed into managed groups (‘bush schools’), where social learning was led by an experienced, wild alpha male. Once reintroduced birds had survived their first year after release, continued wild experience and wild mentorship significantly affected their survival. Since sample sizes limited the rigour of some statistical analyses, other factors were considered that may also determine success. These quasi-experimental reintroductions revealed novel threats to the species, such as the importance of a nest to group cohesion, that harvested second-hatched chicks provide viable release birds, which essentially doubles wild productivity, and that reintroductions generate valuable civil society awareness of the plight of the species.
The genus Lepisiota Santschi, 1926 of the Arabian Peninsula with the description of a new species, Lepisiota elbazi sp. nov. from Oman, an updated species identification key, and assessment of zoogeographic affinities

This study updates and summarizes information on the taxonomy and status of the Arabian Lepisiota fauna. We describe and illustrate the new species Lepisiota elbazisp. nov. from the Dhofar Governorate, Oman based on the worker caste. The new species is closest to the Arabian species, L. arabica Collingwood, 1985 from the southwestern mountains of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and can be separated by having fewer body hairs (two pairs on the posterior margin of the head, two or three pairs on the promesonotum and, one or two pairs on the first gastral tergite), the longer head, scapes, and propodeal spines, and the shorter mesosoma. We present the first illustrated key to the worker caste of the Arabian species of Lepisiota using stacked digital color images to facilitate species determination. The new species is probably endemic to the Dhofar Governorate and seems rare. An up-to-date synoptic checklist of 21 species representing the Arabian Lepisiota Santschi, 1926 is emended based upon the most recent literature in ant systematics. Five species are excluded from the Arabian Lepisiota fauna, L. arenaria (Arnold, 1920), L. erythraea (Forel, 1910), L. incisa (Forel, 1913), L. sericea (Forel, 1892a), and L. simplex (Forel, 1892) for issues related to previous species misidentification. Lepisiota carbonaria (Emery, 1892) is proposed as a senior synonym of L. depilis (Emery, 1897) syn. nov. The faunal composition of Lepisiota species recorded from the Arabian Peninsula can be divided/delineated into two main groups according to their zoogeographical relationships; (1) Afrotropical (11 species-~52.38%); (2) Palearctic (10 species-~47.62%) elements whereas eight species (~38%) are Arabian endemics.
Embracing imperfection: contemporary fashion communication and consumer well-being

PurposeFashion advertising as a contemporary ideological form has the power to deliver semiotic messages, which frames individuals' perception. Promoting perfection in consumer culture has resulted in the creation of unrealistic self-image and negative effects that led to psychological illnesses and pathological behaviours. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ideology behind the contemporary fashion advertising that embraces imperfection and is linked to consumer subjective well-being.Design/methodology/approachNine fashion ads were selected based on the WGSN consumer report Embracing Imperfection. A sample of images was analysed applying semiotic analysis combined with the criteria of content analysis.FindingsThe results supported the notion that some contemporary fashion communication brands are challenging the conventional idea of perfection. Five themes were identified as the characteristics that bridged the visual surface of advertising with its hidden ideologies of imperfection. By supporting “anonymity”, fashion brand communication is against excessive self-focus and helps reducing anxiety due to being imperfect. By promoting “rawness”, it encourages authenticity and uniqueness. “Banality” rejects materialism and promotes the beauty of the boring day. “Ugliness” advocates for removal of the single standards and celebrate individual differences, and “spontaneity” is interchangeable for humanity, freedom, openness and acceptance of self.Originality/valueThis study is among the few attempts to conduct semiotic analysis of fashion advertising images aiming to identify the visual components and ideologies that could potentially be linked to subjective well-being in fashion communication.
QSAR Analysis for the Inhibition of the Mutagenic Activity by Anthocyanin Derivatives

Flavonoid compounds modulate the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme activity and inhibit the mutagenic activity of mammalian cells, preventing carcinogen activation and cellular DNA damage. In this work, the quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) theory is applied to predict the cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition constant by anthocyanin derivatives. Different freely available software calculates 102,260 non-conformational molecular descriptors. A training set of 12 compounds is used to calibrate the best univariable linear regression models, while a test set of 4 compounds is used to explore their predictive capability. The present results are compared with previously reported ones by using 3D-QSAR, thus demonstrating that the proposed topological QSAR models achieve acceptable statistical quality. The proposed model provides a prospective QSAR guide for the search of new anthocyanin derivatives possessing high or low predicted mutagenicity.
Hot trends and impact in permafrost science

An increased interest in Arctic environments, mainly due to climate change, has changed the conditions for permafrost research in recent years. This change has been accompanied by a global increase in scientific publications, as well as a trend towards open access publications. We have analyzed abstracts, titles and keywords for publications on permafrost from 1998 to 2017 to identify developments (topics, impact and collaboration) in the field of permafrost research in light of these changes. Furthermore, to understand how scientists build on and are inspired by each other's work, we have (a) developed citation networks from scientific publications on permafrost and (b) conducted an online survey on inspiration in permafrost science. Our results show an almost 400% increase in publications containing the word permafrost in the title, keywords or abstract over the study period, and a strong increase in climate‐change‐related research in terms of publications and citations. Survey respondents (n = 122) find inspiration not only in scientific journal publications, but to a large extent in books and public outreach materials. We argue that this increase in global‐scope issues (i.e., climate change) complementing core permafrost research has provided new incentives for international collaborations and wider communication efforts.
Expanding structurational divergence theory by exploring the escalation of incompatible structures to conflict cycles in nursing

Intractable workplace conflicts that impede individual and organizational success are common, yet little is understood about how such cycles are formed. Structurational divergence (SD) theory explains intractable conflict cycles resulting from incompatible meaning structures. SD-nexus is the interpenetration of equally compelling but incompatible structures, creating unresolvable conflicts, thus escalating the SD-nexus to the SD-cycle of intractable conflict: unresolvable conflict, immobilization, and erosion of development that perpetuates the unresolvable conflicts. The presence of both SD-nexus and SD-cycle is diagnosed as SD. SD has been studied in nursing, contributing to negative occupational outcomes (e.g., burnout, bullying, role conflict, low job satisfaction, and high turnover). No research has examined how SD-nexus escalates to SD-cycle. This study presents an exploratory secondary analysis of data from a previous study. Communication-related variables that are significantly correlated with SD were used to determine which may be associated with SD-nexus-to-SD-cycle escalation. Results suggest that nonconfrontational conflict management style and taking conflict personally may escalate SD. Future research examining these variables, along with self-efficacy and other variables gleaned from the literature, is recommended.
An Improved CoSaMP Multiuser Detection for Uplink Grant Free NOMA System

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is the most prominent technology that enhances massive connectivity and spectral efficiency in 5G cellular communication. It provides services to the multi-users in time, frequency, and code domain with significant power level. Message Passing Algorithm (MPA) detection in a multi-user uplink grant-free system requires user activity information at the receiver that makes it impractical. To circumvent this problem, (MPA) is combined with Compressed Sensing (CS) based detection which not only detects the user activity but also the signal data. However, the Compressive Sampling Matching pursuit (CoSaMP) algorithm uses Zero Forcing (ZF) detector to estimate the signal but its performance degrades with increment in Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). Therefore, Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) detector in CoSaMP algorithm is deployed in this paper that enhances detection accuracy and BER performance. The simulation results validate that the proposed algorithm attains better performance than MPA and conventional CoSaMP algorithm in high SNR.
Detection of lead, chromium and cobalt in meats of cattle and buffalo from retails of Mosul city

Lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) were investigated in 160 local and imported meat samples of cattle and buffalo collected from markets of Mosul city by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results reported mean concentrations of Pb and Cr in local cattle meat 0.136 and 0.0651 mg/kg, respectively significantly higher than that reported for Co 0.008 mg/kg. In imported cattle meat, results revealed that Pb presented a mean concentration 0.182 mg/kg significantly higher than that presented by Cr and Co 0.0486 and 0.00971 mg/kg, respectively. No significant differences in the mean concentrations of Pb, Cr and Co in local buffalo meat 0.119, 0.0896 and 0.017 mg/kg, respectively, and imported buffalo meat 0.106, 0.102 and 0.041 mg/kg, respectively, were reported. The results revealed that 20% from each local cattle and buffalo meat samples, 12.5% from imported cattle meat and 22.5% from imported buffalo meat were exceeded the maximum permissible limit for lead in meat. Concerning Cr, 2.5% from imported cattle meat and 5% from each of local and imported buffalo meat surpassed the maximum acceptable limit. Ultimately, results showed that all samples of local and imported cattle and buffalo meat were within the maximum allowable limits for Co. The hazards of metals on public health was discussed.
Model‐based assessment of neutrophil‐mediated phagocytosis and digestion of bacteria across in vitro and in vivo studies

Neutrophil granulocytes are key components of the host response against pathogens, and severe neutropenia, with neutrophil counts below 0.5 × 106 cells/mL, renders patients increasingly vulnerable to infections. Published in vitro (n = 7) and in vivo (n = 5) studies with time‐course information on bacterial and neutrophil counts were digitized to characterize the kinetics of neutrophil‐mediated bacterial killing and inform on the immune systems' contribution to the clearance of bacterial infections. A mathematical model for the in vitro dynamics of bacteria and the kinetics of neutrophil‐mediated phagocytosis and digestion was developed, which was extended to in vivo studies in immune‐competent and immune‐compromised mice. Neutrophil‐mediated bacterial killing was described by two first‐order processes—phagocytosis and digestion—scaled by neutrophil concentration, where 50% of the maximum was achieved at neutrophil counts of 1.19 × 106 cells/mL (phagocytosis) and 6.55 × 106 cells/mL (digestion). The process efficiencies diminished as the phagocytosed bacteria to total neutrophils ratio increased (with 50% reduction at a ratio of 3.41). Neutrophil in vivo dynamics were captured through the characterization of myelosuppressive drug effects and postinoculation neutrophil influx into lungs and by system differences (27% bacterial growth and 9.3% maximum capacity, compared with in vitro estimates). Predictions showed how the therapeutically induced reduction of neutrophil counts enabled bacterial growth, especially when falling below 0.5 × 106 cells/mL, whereas control individuals could deal with all tested bacterial burdens (up to 109 colony forming units/g lung). The model‐based characterization of neutrophil‐mediated bacterial killing simultaneously predicted data across in vitro and in vivo studies and may be used to inform the capacity of host–response at the individual level.
REdiREKT: Extracting Malicious Redirections from Exploit Kit Traffic

This paper proposes REdiREKT, a system which utilises the open-source Zeek Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to map HTTP redirection chains observed in Exploit Kit (EK) attacks and extracts distinguishing features to assist machine learning (ML). We build a ground-truth dataset of EK samples, ensuring that the redirection chains for every sample are accurate and reusable in future experiments. By processing a unique combination of 9 redirection techniques, REdiREKT was able to correctly extract 96.52% of malicious domains from 1279 EK samples, spanning 28 families and 8 campaigns, and, only failed to extract 0.7% of malicious chains. Using the VirusTotal API to filter out domains flagged as malicious, we build a benign dataset from the Alexa top 10k websites, extracting 12,783 domains from 5910 redirection chains. The malicious redirection data is divided into yearly and familybased categories and compared to the benign results. Based on our analysis of the collected data, we extract and store 48 key features from websites within the redirection chains that could aid future ML-based detection efforts. Finally, we evaluate the performance of REdiREKT, compare it with existing research, and, suggest use-cases and future areas of work.
Smart Accident Prevention Technique by using Brain Wave Signal

-:- Human life is precious. The fact that the death rates keep on increasing daily basis points to the lack of accident prevention mechanisms. In the field of medical science, recent research has diagnosed abnormalities in the brain. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a tool for measuring brain activity which reflects the condition of the brain. EEG is an effective tool to understand the complex behavior of the brain. The scope of this paper is to apply the abnormal EEG signal which will be controlled by the IoT controller in the dashboard which directs to take an instant action to prevent accidents. Once the IoT controller realizes that the EEG signal it is receiving is not like the normal EEG signal(alpha, beta, gamma) the controller understands the imbalanced state of the driver and automatically the car is controlled in such a way such that it slows down, thereby sending horn sound to indicate the forthcoming vehicle, also sends an alert message to the hospital and relatives of the driver. This paper is proposed to develop an automated system for the detection of brain abnormalities
Cross-site Scripting Research: A Review

Cross-site scripting is one of the severe problems in Web Applications. With more connected devices which uses different Web Applications for every job, the risk of XSS attacks is increasing. In Web applications, hacker steals victims session details or other important information by exploiting XSS vulnerabilities. We studied 412 research papers on cross-site scripting, which are published in between 2002 to 2019. Most of the existing XSS prevention methods are Dynamic analysis, Static analysis, Proxy based method, Filter based method etc. We categorized existing methods and discussed solutions presented on papers and discussed impact of XSS attacks, different defensive methods and research trends in XSS attacks.
Algorithmic warfare and the reinvention of accuracy

ABSTRACT This article aims to integrate two interrelated strands in critical security studies. The first is mounting evidence for the fallacy of claims for precision and accuracy in the United States ‘counterterrorism’ programme, particularly as it involves expanding aerial surveillance in support of operations of extrajudicial assasination. The second line of critical analysis concerns growing investment in the further automation of these operations, more specifically in the form of the US Department of Defense Algorithmic Warfare Cross-Functional Team, or Project Maven. Building upon generative intersections of critical security studies and science and technology studies (STS), I argue that the promotion of automated data analysis under the sign of artificial intelligence can only serve to exacerbate military operations that are at once discriminatory and indiscriminate in their targeting, while remaining politically and legally unaccountable.
A SURVEY ON DATA PRIVACY THREATS AND PRESERVATION TECHNIQUES

Sublime measures of Data are being produced by online business, different applications, banks, schools, and so forth by virtue of advanced innovation. Pretty much all industries are endeavoring to adjust to this gigantic data. Big Data phenomenon has begun to gain noteworthiness. However, this massive amount of data may also lead to many privacy issues, which make Big Data Protection a major concern for any organization. Privacy Preservation methods are becoming progressively significant in order to tackle such security issues. Therefore, the paper investigates different security dangers and, in this manner, expresses the techniques for their avoidance. A general point of view for privacy preservation has been recommended.
Competitive Anxiety in Young Basketball Players from the Real Madrid Foundation

Competition during the sports training process should aid young athletes’ overall development. The aim of this study was to ascertain the levels of competitive anxiety in athletes who practice basketball at the Real Madrid Foundation (RMF)’s Social-Sports Schools, and to analyze whether any differences exist in regard to anxiety in the various subscales that take into account gender, participation in the RMF’s internal competitions, and basketball modalities (mini basketball/basketball). The study sample consisted of 320 players (224 boys and 96 girls) belonging to the following different age groups: 8–9-year-olds, 10–11-year-olds, 12–13-year-olds, and 14–15-year-olds (M = 10.54; SD = 1.92). The Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) was used in the version translated and validated in Spanish. It was found that the athletes displayed low levels of competitive anxiety in all three subscales. No significant differences were observed between the genders, nor between basketball modalities (mini basketball/basketball). Finally, a positive correlation was observed between the various subscales.
Trade Relationships and Gene Flow at Pottery Mound Pueblo, New Mexico

Pottery Mound is a large Ancestral Puebloan site situated within the Middle Rio Grande (MRG) region of New Mexico. This article adds to our understanding of relationships between Pottery Mound, the Western Pueblos, and Mexico through use of biological distance analysis based on dental nonmetric traits. Extensive material and cultural influences, as well as migration events from Western Pueblos to Pottery Mound, have been proposed by several scholars, while others have highlighted parallels to Mexico, especially Paquimé. A total of 1,528 individuals from the U.S. Southwest and Mexico were used to examine relationships between Pottery Mound and these areas. We find no evidence of close biological similarity between Pottery Mound and the Western Pueblos or northern Mexico. Instead, the results indicate biological affinity between Pottery Mound and sites in the MRG region and Mogollon areas. This similarity suggests that although there is evidence for trade between Pottery Mound and other sites in the southwestern United States and Mesoamerica, trade may not have been accompanied by significant gene flow from those areas from which the trade goods originated. It is possible that neighboring regions, such as the Mogollon, served as intermediaries for trade between Pottery Mound and distant regions.