Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Charting the Design Space of Query Execution using VOILA

Database architecture, while having been studied for four decades now, has delivered only a few designs with well-understood properties. These few are followed by most actual systems. Acquiring more knowledge about the design space is a very time-consuming processes that requires manually crafting prototypes with a low chance of generating material insight. We propose a framework that aims to accelerate this exploration process significantly. Our framework enables synthesizing many different engines from a description in a carefully designed domain-specific language (VOILA). We explain basic concepts and formally define the semantics of VOILA. We demonstrate VOILA's flexibility by presenting translation back-ends that allow the synthesis of state-of-the-art paradigms (data-centric compilation, vectorized execution, AVX-512), mutations and mixes thereof. We show-case VOILA's flexibility by exploring the query engine design space in an automated fashion. We generated thousands of query engines and report our findings. Queries generated by VOILA achieve similar performance as state-of-the-art hand-optimized implementations and are up to 35.5X faster than well-known systems.
Principal Management in Improving the Educational Quality at Elementary School Cluster of Bungong Keupula, Indonesia

To cite this article: Munawarah, S, H. , Yusrizal. , & Usman. , (2020). Principal Management in Improving the Educational Quality at Elementary School Cluster of Bungong Keupula, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 10(1), 146-153. doi: 10.23960/jpp.v10. i1.202015. Abstract: Principal Management in Improving the Educational Quality at Elementary School Cluster of Bungong Keupula, Indonesia. Objectives: This research aims to determine the program, implementation, evaluation and obstacles faced by the headmaster in improving the educational quality at elementary school cluster of Bungong Keupula, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Methods: The study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are conducted with interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Research subjects of principals, representatives, and teachers. Findings: the results showed that (1) school principal is prepared in accordance with the vision, covering the quality of curriculum fields, teaching fields, quality improvement and teacher performance, continuing education for teachers, etc. but not all programs are well documented; (2) implementation of the program applies the cooperation between teachers periodically; (3) the obstacles are still lack of funds, time and means, teachers who lack ICT master, low interest teachers in reading and developing teaching materials.
Automatic Extraction of Opinion-Based Q&A from Online Developer Chats

Virtual conversational assistants designed specifically for software engineers could have a huge impact on the time it takes for software engineers to get help. Research efforts are focusing on virtual assistants that support specific software development tasks such as bug repair and pair programming. In this paper, we study the use of online chat platforms as a resource towards collecting developer opinions that could potentially help in building opinion Q&A systems, as a specialized instance of virtual assistants and chatbots for software engineers. Opinion Q&A has a stronger presence in chats than in other developer communications, thus mining them can provide a valuable resource for developers in quickly getting insight about a specific development topic (e.g., What is the best Java library for parsing JSON? ). We address the problem of opinion Q&A extraction by developing automatic identification of opinion-asking questions and extraction of participants' answers from public online developer chats. We evaluate our automatic approaches on chats spanning six programming communities and two platforms. Our results show that a heuristic approach to opinion-asking questions works well (.87 precision), and a deep learning approach customized to the software domain outperforms heuristics-based, machine-learning-based and deep learning for answer extraction in community question answering.
Fawn Counts and Adult Female Site Use Are Mismatched Indicators of Habitat Quality in an Endangered Deer

Many ungulates are spotted as neonates. This trait is unique to individuals, making their identification feasible from remote cameras. Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium) are an endangered subspecies of white-tailed deer endemic to the lower Florida Keys, U.S.A. Habitat loss and hunting were historical drivers of population decline but recent studies report positive associations of key deer with urbanization. Using opposing camera traps at 56 sites throughout the National Key Deer Refuge on Big Pine Key, we used spot patterns to uniquely identify and estimate fawn abundance with N-mixture models. We further compared those inferences to models informed by adult doe counts to see how well tracking adult females alone corresponded with fawn habitat associations. Our results indicated that fawn abundance was negatively associated with increasing elevation and human trails, contrary to models based on adult female observations alone. The lowest elevations where fawns were most abundant were associated with dense wetland plant communities, which were likely selected for thermal cover and warrant further investigation given that those areas are most vulnerable to sea-level rise. Our methods showcase the utility of identifying neonates from camera trap photos and draw attention to possible misaligned inferences when tracking adult females in isolation.
Serum metabolomics analysis for the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Previous metabolomics studies have found differences in metabolic characteristics between the healthy and ESCC patients. However, few of these studies concerned the whole process of the progression of ESCC. This study aims to explore serum metabolites associated with the progression of ESCC. METHODS: Serum samples from 653 participants (305 normal, 77 esophagitis, 228 LGD, and 43 HGD/ESCC) were examined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) was first applied to obtain an overview of the clustering trend for the multidimensional data. Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering was then used to screen metabolites with a changing tendency in the progression of ESCC. Univariate ordinal logistic regression analysis and multiple ordinal logistic regression analysis were applied to evaluate the association of metabolites with the risk of ESCC progression, and adjusted for age, gender, BMI, tobacco smoking, and alcohol drinking status. RESULTS: After FCM clustering analysis, a total of 38 metabolites exhibiting changing tendency among normal, esophagitis, LGD, and HGD/ESCC patients. Final results showed 15 metabolites associated with the progression of ESCC. Ten metabolites (dopamine, L-histidine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetate, L-tryptophan, 2'-O-methylcytidine, PC (14:0/0:0), PC (O-16:1/0:0), PE (18:0/0:0), PC (16:1/0:0), PC (18:2/0:0)) were associated with decreased risk of developing ESCC. Five metabolites (hypoxanthine, inosine, carnitine (14:1), glycochenodeoxycholate, PC (P-18:0/18:3)) were associated with increased risk of developing ESCC. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that serum metabolites are associated with the progression of ESCC. These metabolites are capable of potential biomarkers for the risk prediction and early detection of ESCC.
Subpollen particles (SPP) of birch as carriers of ice nucleating macromolecules

<p>Wind pollinated trees such as birch trees release large amounts of pollen to the atmosphere during their blooming season in early spring. Due to the large size of pollen (birch pollen diameter: 20-25 &#181;m) and short residence time in the atmosphere, their impact on cloud formation was believed to be negligible. However, in recent years studies have shown that ice nucleating materials, so called ice nucleating macromolecules (INM), much smaller in size can be extracted from pollen. At the same time there is evidence from medical studies that pollen can rupture under conditions of high humidity in the atmosphere and expel cytoplasmic material including starch granules, commonly referred to as subpollen particles (SPP). INM or SPP are much smaller and potentially more numerous than pollen and could significantly affect cloud formation in the atmosphere. </p><p>In this study, we focus on birch pollen and investigate the relationship between pollen grains, INM and SPP. According to the usage of the term SPP in the medical field we define SPP as the starch granules contained in pollen grains. We develop an extraction method to generate large quantities of SPP and investigate their ice nucleation activity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the ice nucleation activity of isolated SPP. We show that INM are only loosely attached to SPP and that purified SPP are not ice nucleation active: after several times of washing SPP with ultrapure water the ice nucleation activity completely disappears. In addition, we study the chemical nature of the INM with fluorescence spectroscopy and quantify the protein concentration with the Bradford assay. Fluorescence excitation-emission maps indicate a strong signal in the protein range (maximum around &#955;<sub>ex</sub> = 280 nm and &#955;<sub>em</sub> = 330 nm) that correlates with the ice nucleation activity. In contrast, with purified SPP this signal is lost. The protein concentration ranges from 77.4 &#956;g mL<sup>-1</sup> for highly concentrated INM to below 2.5 &#956;g mL<sup>-1</sup> for purified SPP. The results thereby indicate a linkage between ice nucleation activity and protein concentration. Purified SPP are not ice nucleation active but could, however, act as carriers of INM and distribute those in the atmosphere. </p>
Characterization of Vitis vinifera L. Canopy Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Techniques

Leaf area index (LAI), green canopy cover (GCC), and canopy volume (V) are associated with grape vigor, quality, and yield. Thus, analyzing these parameters throughout the growing season may help optimize site-specific management of grape vineyards. Because direct measurements of LAI are destructive, tedious, and not repeatable on the same vine, developing and validating nondestructive methods to estimate LAI are essential. Canopy pattern is characterized by GCC and V, which can be measured using aerial observation. The purpose of this study was to characterize growth parameters, such as LAI, GCC, and V, of irrigated and rainfed Vitis vinifera L. under semiarid conditions on two different vineyards using aerial images from an unmanned aerial vehicle. The relationships between GCC versus LAI and V versus LAI were calculated and validated. Relationships between LAI and the other parameters depend on canopy management, training system, and pruning practices. Relationships between LAI and growing degree days (GDD) and V and GDD were also obtained to determine the canopy structure pattern during the growing season. Exponential polynomial and second-order polynomial models showed the best fit for describing the relationships between GCC and GDD and between V and GDD, respectively, for Airén variety.
Self-regulated Learning Strategies And ComputerSelf-efficacy In IT Courses

Today, the ability to learn is considered a critical factor for an individual’s academic and career performance. Educational programs and courses can contribute to this by enabling individuals to develop specific skills and strategies so as to attain specific goals. Academic research has noted that the goal of tertiary education is to foster individuals to become capable, independent, self-regulated and efficient learners. Thus self-efficacy beliefs and self-regulatory practices can be powerful predictors of success in academic and social life. The purpose of this study on 188 students of an Information Technology Department was to determine the relationship of self-regulated strategies and computer self-efficacy in IT courses, as these strategies are considered critical for the individual’s development. The effects of the variables such as the year of studies (at the beginning and at the end of studies) in correlation with self-regulated learning strategies and self-efficacy were examined. The results illustrate that there is a correlation between self-regulated strategies (cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies) and computer self-efficacy (beginning, advanced, file and software management skills). These findings are significant in that they may facilitate the construction of efficient academic courses that will enhance the student’s strategies and skills.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Epoxy-Vinyl Coating in Aqueous Medium Analyzed by Dipolar Relaxation of Polymer

The performance of electrochemical devices, namely, the potentiostat, has increased considerably lately, and some commercial devices determine impedance on the order of teraohms (10 12 Ω). At the same time, the protective effectiveness of paint films has also improved markedly, and the paint films exhibit capacitance behavior only in the millihertz range. Up to now, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectra of polymer-coated specimens were interpreted with a mechanism involving only the film resistance due to flaws through the polymer layer and the film capacitance. However, since almost no flaw should be present at huge impedance, a new insight in the modeling of EIS data for polymer coated metal electrode is needed. Therefore, the concept of dipolar relaxation developed in polymer science is introduced to interpret EIS data. To compare the dipolar relaxation and the electrode impedance, the Cole-Cole capacitance determined straightforwardly from impedance spectra was found to be a very powerful tool. It is shown that the water uptake of a paint film could be evaluated from the Cole-Cole capacitance at infinite frequency C(), because the plasticizing effect induced by absorbed water in lower frequencies may lead to an overestimation of water uptake.
Trust and theWeb - A Decline or a Revival?

The Web was conceived as the ‘better place’where trust could have ﬂourished, but this is unlikely to be true anymore. There are two research areas that should be at the forefront of addressing this problem: Web Science and computational trust. This paper concentrates on what, if any, is the role of research in bringing trust into the Web, as the topic of trust currently takes a backseat. Amid the stable progress of research in trust in social psychology, economy, and politics, the bleak future of computational trust and trust on Web deserves an analysis. The paper analyses and reﬂects on the history of research in trust to conclude that this branch of research withered away before reaching maturity of a discipline. From there, it explores what it takes to accelerate and stabilise the development of research, and what challenges should be tackled ﬁrst.
Sex Education in the Spotlight: What Is Working? Systematic Review

Adolescence, a period of physical, social, cognitive and emotional development, represents a target population for sexual health promotion and education when it comes to achieving the 2030 Agenda goals for sustainable and equitable societies. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of what is known about the dissemination and effectiveness of sex education programs and thereby to inform better public policy making in this area. Methodology: We carried out a systematic review based on international scientific literature, in which only peer-reviewed papers were included. To identify reviews, we carried out an electronic search of the Cochrane Database Reviews, ERIC, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Scopus and PsycINFO. This paper provides a narrative review of reviews of the literature from 2015 to 2020. Results: 20 reviews met the inclusion criteria (10 in school settings, 9 using digital platforms and 1 blended learning program): they focused mainly on reducing risk behaviors (e.g., VIH/STIs and unwanted pregnancies), whilst obviating themes such as desire and pleasure, which were not included in outcome evaluations. The reviews with the lowest risk of bias are those carried out in school settings and are the ones that most question the effectiveness of sex education programs. Whilst the reviews of digital platforms and blended learning show greater effectiveness in terms of promoting sexual and reproductive health in adolescents (ASRH), they nevertheless also include greater risks of bias. Conclusion: A more rigorous assessment of the effectiveness of sexual education programs is necessary, especially regarding the opportunities offered by new technologies, which may lead to more cost-effective interventions than with in-person programs. Moreover, blended learning programs offer a promising way forward, as they combine the best of face-to-face and digital interventions, and may provide an excellent tool in the new context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
I MPROVING THE ACCURACY OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN ANALOG COMPUTING - IN - MEMORY SYSTEMS BY A GENERALIZED QUANTIZATION METHOD

Crossbar-enabled analog computing-in-memory (CACIM) systems can significantly improve the computation speed and energy efficiency of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, the transition of DNN from the digital systems to CACIM systems usually reduces its accuracy. The major issue is that the weights of DNN are stored and calculated directly on analog quantities in CACIM systems. The variation and programming overhead of the analog weight limit the precision. Therefore, a suitable quantization algorithm is important when deploying a DNN into CACIM systems to obtain less accuracy loss. The analog weight has its unique advantages when doing quantization. Because there is no encoding and decoding process, the set of quanta will not affect the computing process. Therefore, a generalized quantization method that does not constrain the range of quanta and can obtain less quantization error will be effective in CACIM systems. For the first time, we introduced a generalized quantization method into CACIM systems and showed superior performance on a series of computer vision tasks, such as image classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation. Using the generalized quantization method, the DNN with 8-level analog weights can outperform the 32-bit networks. With fewer levels, the generalized quantization method can obtain less accuracy loss than other uniform quantization methods.
Spatial Characteristics of Recycled and Primordial Reservoirs in the Deep Mantle

The spatial distribution of the geochemical domains hosting recycled crust and primordial (high‐3He/4He) reservoirs, and how they are linked to mantle convection, are poorly understood. Two continent‐sized seismic anomalies located near the core‐mantle boundary—called the Large Low Shear Wave Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs)—are potential geochemical reservoir hosts. It has been suggested that high‐3He/4He hotspots are spatially confined to the LLSVPs, hotspots sampling recycled continental crust are associated with only one of the LLSVPs, and recycled continental crust shows no relationship with latitude. We reevaluate the links between LLSVPs and isotopic signatures of hotspot lavas using improved mantle flow models including plume conduit advection. While most hotspots with the highest‐3He/4He can indeed be traced to the LLSVP interiors, at least one high‐3He/4He hotspot, Yellowstone, is located outside of the LLSVPs. This suggests high‐3He/4He is not geographically confined to the LLSVPs. Instead, a positive correlation between hotspot buoyancy flux and maximum hotspot 3He/4He suggests that it is plume dynamics (i.e., buoyancy), not geography, which determines whether a dense, deep, and possibly widespread high‐3He/4He reservoir is entrained. We also show that plume‐fed EM hotspots (enriched mantle, with low‐143Nd/144Nd), signaling recycled continental crust, are spatially linked to both LLSVPs, and located primarily in the southern hemisphere. Lastly, we confirm that hotspots sampling HIMU (“high‐μ,” or high 238U/204Pb) domains are not spatially limited to the LLSVPs. These findings clarify and advance our understanding of deep mantle reservoir distributions, and we discuss how continental and oceanic crust subduction is consistent with the spatial decoupling of EM and HIMU.
Youth-oriented packaging and the demand for e-liquids: Evidence from data scraped from Amazon in the United Kingdom

To address the threat e-cigarettes poses to public health, especially among youths, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a policy in 2020 that regulates the sale and distribution of e-cigarettes with fruit and mint flavors. Such flavors are alleged to lure youth into smoking and can increase the likelihood for addiction to other drugs. However, this regulation does not address packaging that can have a similar effect on the demand for e-cigarettes products. Indeed, certain e-liquids use youth-oriented (kiddish, cartoonish, and colorful) packaging which are attractive to youth but may also induce a no-harm perception among e-liquids users. In this paper, we examine the impact of the youth-oriented packaging on e-liquid sales. Using data scraped from Amazon, the results of our analysis reveal that youth-oriented packaging increases the sale of e-liquids. In addition, the demand for e-liquids is inelastic and the percentage of propylene glycol (PG), the rating, and the sentiment in the online reviews left by previous buyers also influence the sale of e-liquids. This research suggests that besides fruit and mint flavors, the policy goal of reducing use among youth should also include packaging. The analysis finds that taxation policies to raise prices of e-liquids will not affect appreciably the demand for e-liquids. Policies for e-liquids control should focus on designing packaging that reduces the no- or low-risk perception.
Determinants of losses in the latent tuberculosis infection cascade of care in Brazil

Introduction Factors associated with losses in the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cascade of care in contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) were investigated in a multicentre prospective cohort from highly endemic regions in Brazil. Methods Close contacts of 1187 patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB were prospectively studied between 2015 and 2019, with follow-up of 6–24 months. Data on TB screening by clinical investigation, radiographic examination and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) were collected. Multivariable regressions were used to identify determinants of losses in the LTBI cascade. Results Among 4145 TB contacts initially identified, 1901 were examined (54% loss). Among those examined, 933 were people living with HIV, ≤5 years old and/or had positive IGRA results, and therefore had a recommendation to start TB preventive treatment (TPT). Of those, 454 (23%) initiated treatment, and 247 (54% of those initiating; 26% of those in whom treatment was recommended) completed TPT. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that living with HIV, illiteracy and black/pardo (brown) race were independently associated with losses in the cascade. Conclusion There were losses at all LTBI cascade stages, but particularly at the initial screening and examination steps. Close contacts of low socioeconomic status and living with HIV were at heightened risk of not completing the LTBI cascade of care in Brazil.