Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chiral symmetry restoration versus deconfinement in heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density

The effect of the chiral symmetry restoration (CSR) on observables from heavy-ion collisions is studied in the energy range s N N = 3 − 20 GeV within the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach. The PHSD includes the deconfinement phase transition as well as essential aspects of CSR in the dense and hot hadronic medium, which are incorporated in the Schwinger mechanism for the hadronic particle production. We adopt different parametrizations of the nuclear equation of state from the non-linear σ − ω model, which enter in the computation of the quark scalar density for the CSR mechanism, in order to estimate the uncertainty in our calculations. For the pion-nucleon Σ-term we adopt Σπ ≈ 45 MeV which corresponds to some ‘world average’. Our systematic studies show that chiral symmetry restoration plays a crucial role in the description of heavy-ion collisions at s N N = 3 − 20 GeV , realizing an increase of the hadronic particle production in the strangeness sector with respect to the non-strange one. We identify particle abundances and rapidity spectra to be suitable probes in order to extract information about CSR, while transverse mass spectra are less sensitive. Our results provide a microscopic explanation for the “horn” structure in the excitation function of the K+/π+ ratio: the CSR in the hadronic phase produces the steep increase of this particle ratio up to s N N ≈ 7 GeV , while the drop at higher energies is associated to the appearance of a deconfined partonic medium.
Monte Carlo Statistical Methods (Springer Texts in Statistics)

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Planning to Get the Most Out of Inspection

Inspection, a proven technique for achieving quality and identifying process improvements, should be applied to documents throughout software development. The greatest value from inspection can be gained through a proper understanding of its purposes and benefits. Newer practices, such as sampling, should be incorporated into the more traditional application of this technique. The full benefit of inspection can be found as it contributes to measurement, exit control, and defect injection prevention.
An xml toolkit for an information visualization software repository

Introduction In (Baumgartner & Börner, 2002) we motivated the need and introduced the beginnings of a general software repository supporting education and research in information visualization (Börner & Zhou, 2001). This poster describes the general architecture of the XML toolkit and reviews the currently available data analysis, layout and interaction algorithms as well as their interplay. Last but not least it describes how new code can be integrated.
The conservation of 830 oil paintings on paper by Marianne North

The Marianne North project involved the restoration of the Marianne North Gallery at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the conservation of its contents. As part of this project, 830 oil paintings on paper were examined, documented and conserved. Treatments included consolidation of cracking and flaking media, surface cleaning, removal of acidic and deteriorated backing boards, removal or reduction of bloom and blanching, non-aqueous de-acidification, re-mounting and, where appropriate, in-painting.
Path planning for a redundant robot manipulator using sparse demonstration data

The ability to plan and execute of movements to accomplish tasks is a fundamental requirement for all types of robot, whether in industrial or in research applications. This Master Thesis addresses path planning for redundant robot platforms. The research targets two major goals. The first is to bypass the need for an explicit representation of a robot's environment, which is strained with sophisticated computations as well as required expert knowledge. This bypass allows for a considerably more flexible use of a robot, being able to adapt its path planning data to an arbitrary new environment within minutes. The second goal is to provide a real-time capable path planning method, that utilizes the advantages of redundant robot platforms and handles the increased complexity of such systems. These goals are achieved by introducing kinesthetic teaching into path planning, which has already proven to be a successful improvement for single task methods dealing with redundancy resolution. The thesis proposes an approach utilizing a topological neural network algorithm to construct an internal representation of a robot's workspace based on input data obtained from physical guidance of the robot by a user. In order to create feasible and safe movements, information from both configuration space of the robot and task space are employed. The algorithm is extended by heuristics to improve its results for the intended scenario. This modified network construction algorithm constructs a navigation graph similar to classical approaches with explicit modeling. It can be processed by means of conventional search algorithms from graph theory to generate paths between two arbitrary points in the workspace.
Design of monolithic phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuitsDa tutorial

This paper describes the principles of phase-locked system design with emphasis on monolithic implementations. Following a brief review of basic concepts, we analyze the static and dynamic behavior of phase-locked loops and study the design of their building blocks in bipolar and CMOS technologies. Next, we describe chargepump phase-locked loops, effect of noise, and the problem of clock recovery from random data. Finally, we present applications in communications, digital systems, and RF transceivers.
The Linux Kernel Device Model

Linux kernel development follows a simple guideline that code should be only as complex as absolutely necessary. This design philosophy has made it easy for thousands of people to contribute code, especially in the realm of device drivers: the kernel supports hundreds of devices on over a dozen peripheral buses. This bottom-up approach to development has provided a great deal of benefit for users of typical systems in the last decade. However, as Linux progresses into new niches and more requirements are imposed on operating systems of modern hardware, lack of unification among device subsystems poses some serious roadblocks. The new Linux Device Model (LDM) is an effort to provide a set of common interfaces for device subsystems to use. This foundation is intended to enhance the kernel’s support for modern platforms and devices, which require a more unified approach to devices. This paper discusses the attributes of the LDM and the issues they are designed to resolve. It describes the interfaces in a bottom-up approach; in the same manner in which they were devloped. It also discusses the current progress of the effort, and some potential uses of it in the future.
USING SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE (SMS) TO ENHANCE TEACHING AND LEARNING

In October 2008, a pilot study using Short Message Service (SMS) to deliver quizzes to 14 students studying statistics at an Australian University was conducted. Data collected and analysed from the pilot included student responses to the quiz questions as well as their evaluation of the learning experience, measures of their approaches to learning, and attitudes to computers. The results from the pilot support the efficacy of using SMS to encourage students to engage with material outside of class and suggest that student learning is enhanced as a result.
Support vector machines for image and electronic mail classification

Support VectorMachines (SVMs) have demonstrated accuracy and efficiency in a variety ofbinary classification applications including indoor/outdoor scene categorization of consumer photographs and distinguishing unsolicited commercial electronic mail from legitimate personal communications. This thesis examines a parallel implementation of the Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) method of training SVMs resulting in multiprocessor speedup subject to a decrease in accuracy dependent on the data distribution and number of processors. Subsequently the SVM classification system was applied to the image labeling and e-mail classification problems. A parallel implementation of the image classification system's color histogram, color coherence, and edge histogram feature extractors increased performance when using both noncaching and caching data distribution methods. The electronic mail classification application produced an accuracy of 96.69% with a user-generated dictionary. An implementation of the electronic mail classifier as a Microsoft Outlook add-in provides immediate mail filtering capabilities to the average desktop user. While the parallel implementation of the SVM trainer was not supported for the classification applications, the parallel feature extractor improved image classification performance. TABLE OF CONTENTS Table ofAppendices ii List ofFigures iii Acknowledgements iv Glossary v Introduction and Background 1 1.1 Feature-Based SVM Classification Systems 2 1.2 Other Classification Techniques 3 1.3 Support Vector Machines 5 1.4 Image Classification 7 1.5 ElectronicMail Classification 8 Support VectorMachine Theory and Operation 11 2.1 Support VectorMachines 1 1 2.2 SequentialMinimal Optimization 15 Parallelization of SequentialMinimal Optimization 20 3.1 Interleaved Parallelization 25 3.2 Blocked Independent Parallelization 27 3.3 Results 29 3.4 Discussion 31 Parallel Image Classification 34 4.1 Color Feature Extraction 36 4.2 Texture Feature Extraction 38 4.3 Combined Feature Extraction and Classification System 40 4.4 Accuracy Results 44 4.5 Performance Results 46 4.6 Discussion 47 Electronic Mail Classification 55 5.1 Data Sets 56 5.2 Method 57 5.3 Results 58 5.4 Discussion 59 5.5 Microsoft Outlook Integrated Spam Scanner 62 Conclusions 64 6.1 Summary ofWork 64 6.2 Challenges Encountered 65 6.3 Future Work 66 Bibliography 69 SVM Classification i Matthew Woitaszek
On the Use of CAD and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Optimization

Aerodynamic design is inherently a multidisciplinary problem that involves complex surface geometry, competing objectives, multiple operating conditions, and strict design constraints. Consequently, important considerations for an effective optimization framework include: 1) geometry modeling and surface discretization, 2) objective function and constraint evaluation, which includes methods for mesh generation, surfaceand volume-mesh perturbation, and flow solution, and 3) the selection of optimization techniques. In modern engineering design environments, the surface geometry is generally represented by a parametric Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) model. Since all downstream analysis and design relies on this representation, the CAD model, accessible in its native environment, should serve as the basis of automated optimization. Recently, a promising approach has been developed using a standardized Application Programming Interface (MI) that allows direct access to the native CAD representation. This approach is vendor neutral, i.e. independent of a specific CAD system, and is based on the Computational Analysis and PRogramming Interface (CAPRI) [ 1,2,3,4,5]. In addition to providing an effective tool for surface discretization, CAPRI allows the modification of adjustable parameters built into the CAD model. Hence, the design variables and geometric constraints can be intrinsic to the CAD model. Upon a regeneration of the model in response to a parameter change, CAPRI constructs a “water-tight” surface triangulation, which can be automatically refined to obtain a CFD-ready triangulation. Robust and efficient volume-mesh generation is the next critical part of the optimization framework. Traditional, body-fitted structured and unstructured mesh generation algorithms can be computationally expensive and usually require user supervision. This has motivated the development of mesh-perturbation schemes [6, 7, 81 that are used during the optimization process to modify a given baseline mesh. The location of nodes is tracked as the mesh deforms, which allows the use of fast solution-transfer algorithms and helps maintain a smooth design landscape. Unfortunately, the mesh-perturbation schemes may breakdown and require user intervention for topology and sufficiently large geometry changes.
Ekphrastic poetry in performance: An examination of audience perceptions of the relationship between poetry and painting

The purpose of this investigation was to compare audience members’ appreciation and perceptions of complexity and relatedness to four of Frank O'Hara's ekphrastic poems (poems inspired by visual objects) and their respective paintings, alone and in combination, in performance and read silently. Significant results were obtained for appreciation and complexity: a performance of the poems with their paintings produced the highest levels of appreciation and perceptions of the greatest complexity. Several aspects of audience members’ background, e.g., having an interest in art, were also found to affect evaluations.
The Computation, Interpretation, and Limits of Grade Equivalent Scores.

Grade-equivalent scores are widely used in the school system in reporting students' performance on standardized achievement tests. This paper explores how grade equivalent scores are calculated and interpreted. In addition, the paper examines the limitations of grade-equivalent scores through the use of small heuristic data sets. A grade-equivalent score is a score indicating the grade level at which this score is the mean performance level. They are created by administering a test to students in various grades. Typically, a test being normed is administered to large groups of students in each of several successive grade levels at different times of the year. Grade norms have several limitations and are often misinterpreted. It must be noted that when grade-equivalent scores are derived, it does not mean that the test was given to all grades or to children at all different points on a grade's continuum. Grade-equivalent scores reported beyond tested grade limits can be misleading. In addition, grade-equivalent scores obtained from tests produced by different publishers often give conflicting results. A further limitation is that grade-equivalent scores should not be used to make comparisons of the grade-equivalent performances of an individual across different subjects. Other incorrect interpretations are reviewed. (Contains one table, three figures, and nine references.) (SLDY. *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. otPairesuy OF 111111,MATION Off of Educahim, R1410c 10/ f*** EDUCAlONAL RESOURCES WORM/MON CENTER (ERIC, nas dOCIONIOf hall DOM rerffaiNICed Mcwed hOfn th 00.1100 Of Onenasfloo orKpoodut o 'Amor changes have Woo made 10 nyfote foOloduchon oudifY Pow% of vow of (*mons voted flthjdoj. mford do not tNecotsainty fOfWd off$C41 OEM polohon of who), "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY (i)g/ sr/14M 44 fld TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICLThe Computation, Interpretation, and Limits of Grade Equivalent Scores Cristina Ramos Texas A&M University 77843-4225 Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Southwest Educational Research Association, New Orleans, January 25, 1996. BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 The Computation, Interpretation, and Limits of Grade Eqtfivalent Scores
3D head motion, point-of-regard and encoded gaze fixations in real scenes: next-generation portable video-based monocular eye tracking

Portable eye trackers allow us to see where a subject is looking when performing a natural task with free head and body movements. These eye trackers include headgear containing a camera directed at one of the subject’s eyes (the eye camera) and another camera (the scene camera) positioned above the same eye directed along the subject’s line-of-sight. The output video includes the scene video with a crosshair depicting where the subject is looking – the point-of-regard (POR) – that is updated for each frame. This video may be the desired final result or it may be further analyzed to obtain more specific information about the subject’s visual strategies. A list of the calculated POR positions in the scene video can also be analyzed. The goal of this project is to expand the information that we can obtain from a portable video-based monocular eye tracker, minimize the amount of user interaction required to obtain and analyse this information and demonstrate the practicality of the new information. This work includes processing both the eye and scene videos to obtain robust 2D POR in scene video frames, identify fixations from these POR and ray trace these gaze fixations through volumes-of-interest (VOIs) to determine what is being fixated and when. In order to obtain robust 2D PORs in the scene video that accurately correspond to eye-in-head movement, a novel method is presented to account for movements of the headgear with respect to the eye and reduce noise in the 2D POR data. To avoid the redundancy of ray tracing every 2D POR and to group these POR data meaningfully, a fixation-identification algorithm is employed to simplify the long list of 2D POR data into fixations. In order to ray trace these fixations, the 3D motion – position and orientation – of the scene camera is computed. This camera motion is determined via an iterative structure and motion recovery algorithm that requires a calibrated camera and knowledge of the 3D location of at least four points in the scene (that are not all coplanar). For the final stage of the algorithm, the 3D locations and dimensions of VOIs in the scene are required. This VOI information in world coordinates is converted to camera coordinates for ray tracing. A representative 2D POR position for each fixation is converted from image coordinates to the same camera coordinate system. Then, a ray is traced from the camera center through this position to determine which VOI is being fixated. Results are presented for various scenes along with a novel method for 3D visualization of the subject’s PORs and motion with respect to VOIs.
Scheduling, Pair Programming, and Student Programming Assignment Performance

We seek to address poor performance by under- graduate students on major programming projects caused by procrastination and inadequate time management skills related to scheduling and pacing in project development. During Fall, 2006 we introduced two innovations into our Sophomore-level Data Structures course: Pair programming and a simple scheduling form. Our efforts do not appear to have had a significant dif- ference in overall outcomes. However, the information gathered during this intervention makes a compelling case that students who spread their work over more time will produce a better result without additional expenditure of total effort. Pair programming did not have an identifiable impact on project outcomes or student behavior.
Relaxation and Rheology in Dense Athermal Suspensions

We study relaxation and rheology of dense athermal suspensions of frictionless particles close below the jamming density. Our key quantity, the relaxation time---determined from the exponential decay of the energy after the shearing has suddenly been switched off---is argued to be a determining factor behind the algebraic divergence of various quantities as the jamming density is approached from below. We also define and measure the ``dissipation time'', which is obtained directly in shearing simulations and find that it behaves similarly to the relaxation time. Comparing shear viscosity with the expression for the dissipation time we identify a non-divergent factor that explains the need for correction terms in the scaling analyses of the shear viscosity.
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications

It is my pleasure to welcome you to Pisa for the 2006 edition of the ACM SIGCOMM conference. In keeping with our tradition, the conference will open with a keynote speech by the latest winner of the SIGCOMM Award, an honor that this year goes to Domenico Ferrari.Organizing a conference of the size and reputation of SIGCOMM is always a challenge, and it would not have been possible without the help of many people and organizations, all of which I would like to thank. It is my pleasure to start with the Universita di Pisa, which not only provided a huge help with logistics, equipment, administrative resources, and even some funding on it's own, but also let me and the Local Organization Chair, Giovanni Stea, spend a large amount of our time working on the organization of SIGCOMM 2006.In addition to the work of many individuals, this year we were extremely lucky, as we could rely on generous help from a number of companies and institutions. Our Gold Supporters are Cisco Systems and the National Science Foundation, who both provided funding for the Student Travel Grants. (Travel Grants also were made possible by the new SIGCOMM-sponsored Geodiversity Travel Grants program.) Silver Supporters are Microsoft Research, Intel, and Alcatel, who partly supported various social events. Last but not least, we have a large number of Bronze Supporters: AT&T, Digium, Google, HP, IIJ, Nokia, Tiscali and the Universita di Pisa.I am of course indebted to the other people involved in the event in various roles, who also invested many, many days on their tasks: Tom Anderson, Kenjiro Cho, Marco Conti, Jaudelice C. de Oliveira, Christophe Diot, Chris Edmondson-Yurkanan, Serge Fdida, Gianluca Iannaccone, Brad Karp, Laurent Mathy, Nick McKeown, Fran Spinola, Joe Touch, and Ellen Zegura. The team worked in close cooperation over a period of almost a year, exchanging thousands of emails (diligently archived for the benefit of next year's committee). For several of us, this was our first experience with this kind of work, and that made the task even more challenging. We would not have succeeded without help from the SIG officers, Jennifer Rexford and Tilman Wolf, and last year's General Chair, Roch Guerin, who was a precious resource for us in explaining how the process was run in the past.