Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rural emptiness and its influence on subsistence farming in contemporary Gabon : a case study in Loango National Park.

In sub-Saharan Africa, rural exodus leads to increasing unemployment in urban centres and to the disorganisation of farming practice in rural areas. This article draws on data from participant observation and interviews to analyse how rural exodus, combined with a population density that was already low, led to what we refer to as rural emptiness in Gabon, and how this affects farmers’ livelihoods. Farming in Gabon is largely slash and burn agriculture with a gender division of labour and therefore requires both men and women. Farming practices at our study site, in Loango National Park, follow a traditional pattern, but the labour force has been reshaped by demographic and social change. The exodus of young people, especially men, has left ageing farmers with increased workloads but decreased access to labour. Subsistence farming is, therefore, in a state of crisis and farmers’ livelihoods are threatened. Promoting the development of farming and rendering rural life more appealing through the development of roads and other infrastructure could reverse current trends of high unemployment, weakened agricultural production and high dependence on imported food in Gabon.
Human intrusion: New ideas?

Inadvertent human intrusion has been an issue for the disposal of solid radioactive waste for many years. This paper discusses proposals for an approach for evaluating the radiological significance of human intrusion as put forward by ICRP with contribution from work at IAEA. The approach focuses on the consequences of the intrusion. Protective actions could, however, include steps to reduce the probability of human intrusion as well as the consequences.
The relationship between serum lipid levels, high blood pressure and obesity in children

Amac: Bu calismanin amaci saglikli cocuklarda serum lipit, kolesterol ve obezite seviyesini tespit ederek, bunlar arasinda iliski olup olmadigini arastirmaktir. Yontemler: Orneklem grubunu Nisan-Mayis 2011 tarihleri arasinda Zonguldak\'ta Gelik ilkogretim okuluna devam eden, hekim tarafindan tani konulmus kronik hastaligi ve surekli kullandigi bir ilaci olmayan ve arastirmaya katilmayi kabul eden 103 ogrenci olusturdu. Bulgular: Ogrencilerin yaslari ile VKI (Vucut Kitle Indeksi) ortalamalarina bakildiginda; 13 yasta VKI ortalamasi (21,03 ± 0,23), 14 yasa gore (20,05 ± 0,20) daha yuksek olup bu farkliligin istatistiksel olarak anlamli oldugu bulundu (p=0,002). Ogrencilerin boy, agirlik, VKI, tansiyon, AKŞ (Aclik Kan Şekeri), kolesterol, LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein), HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) seviyeleri arasindaki iliskiye bakildiginda; boy-agirlik (r=0,472; p
Effect of 6-BA on the Plant Regeneration via Organogenesis from Cotyledonary Node of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

The present study compares effects of different concentrations of 6-BA on regeneration from cotyledonary node explants of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). The seeds were inoculated on MSB5 medium [Murashige and Skoog (1962) salts and Gamborg B5 vitamins (1968)] containing different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mg/L) of 6-BA for 4 days. The cotyledonary node explants with one cotyledon excised from 4-day-old seedlings, placed in vitro on MSB5 medium containing 6-BA at different dose (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg/L) for shoot induction and elongation. Best response in terms of shoot number and shoot length were obtained with explants derived from seedling preconditioning with 3mg/L 6-BA followed by the induction and elongation stage pretreated with 0.5mg/L 6-BA. The elongated shoots were rooted on MSB5 medium without hormone.
Do People Know What They Want: A Similar or Complementary Partner?

The present study examined the extent to which individuals seek partners with similar, as opposed to complementary, personality characteristics. Results showed that whereas individuals desired a partner who resembles them in terms of personality, when asked about their preferences in general, most individuals indicated that they desired a complementary partner instead of a similar one. In addition to a similar partner with regard to personality, women also desired a more conscientious, less neurotic and more extraverted partner than men. These results are discussed with reference to the importance of matched personalities in marital success.
VARIABILITY IN DIRECT IRRADIANCE AROUND THE SAHARA: ARE THE MODELED DATASETS OF BANKABLE QUALITY?

The design, energy output, and cost effectiveness of CSP projects critically depend on the resource in direct normal irradiance (DNI). Many modeled DNI datasets now exist, and a recent preliminary study has shown some areas of serious disagreement in Europe. So far, no rigorous performance assessment has been undertaken for other parts of the world. The present contribution focuses on North Africa and bordering regions, which have great CSP potential. The mean monthly and annual performance of eight different modeled datasets providing DNI is analyzed here, with respect to measured radiation data at 14 sites. Relatively good results are generally obtained for sites in southern Europe. Serious problems, however, are found at various sites in North Africa or Middle East. Most of these problems appear linked to inadequate aerosol optical depth data used by the models, and to the dust storms from the Sahara that regularly, and strongly, modify the aerosol regime. A method that can potentially correct these problems, or allow for model benchmarking based on a reference aerosol database, is proposed. The bankability of current datasets is questioned.
An AIS-based Deep Learning Model for Vessel Monitoring

AIS data streams provide new means for the monitoring and surveillance of the maritime traffic. The massive amount of data as well as the irregular time sampling and the noise are the main factors that make it difficult to design automatic tools and models for AIS data analysis. In this work, we propose a multi-task deep learning model for AIS data using a stream-based architecture, which reduces storage redundancies and computational requirements. To deal with noisy irregularly-sampled data, we explore variational recurrent neural networks. We demonstrate the relevance of the proposed deep learning architecture for a three-task setting, referring respectively to vessel trajectory reconstruction, abnormal behaviour detection and vessel type identification on a real AIS dataset.
THE NEW AGE SAVIOUR FOR COMBATING CANCER: ANTIBODY DRUG CONJUGATES.

Mehak Chauhan 1 , Nikita Sehgal 1 and * Kriti Soni 2 . 1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201313. 2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University-110062. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Effects Of Sleep Deprivation With 110-Minute Rest Period On Postural Control In Young Adults

Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) is used by many different professionals as an objective tool to measure different aspects of postural control. For audiologists, CDP is used to assess the vestibular system and its interactions with the somatosensory and visual systems. There is evidence that postural control is negatively affected by sleep deprivation. To date, there is limited knowledge on whether a 110-minute rest period will improve or even restore postural control abilities back to baseline. The present study was designed to further study the effects of sleep deprivation on different aspects of postural control and to examine the effectiveness of a 110-minute rest period at restoring values to baseline. CDP was used to examine the following: sensory organization test (SOT), motor control test (MCT), and adaptation (ADT) at baseline, after 23-26 hours of sleep deprivation, and after a 110-minute rest period. Participants consisted of 19 young adults. Results indicated an increased composite MCT latency score following a rest period compared to baseline values. A decrease in ADT reaction time following a rest period was noted compared to baseline and sleep deprivation conditions. Future studies should make use of more sensitive equipment, utilize an EEG to ensure sleep and avoid testing during sleep inertia.
Kinetic analysis of a multi-rope friction mine hoist under overload conditions

Overload brings serious danger to a friction mine hoist and has already caused a great many accidents in coal mines. In order to seek out its diagnosis basis from a kinetic aspect, the effect that overload has upon the container-rope vibration system was investigated. Within this study steel ropes were treated as a continuous elastomer and modal analysis method based on the Ritz series was applied. The numerical calculation results were verified through the data analysis of a simulation experiment. This study shows that overload lowers the basic vibration frequency significantly and that this effect may serve as an effective diagnosis criterion to improve mine hoist safety.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ESTIMATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS IN THE PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA

This paper studies quantitative implications of model economies that exhibit multiple equilibria. The goal is to assess two interrelated issues. First, do economies with multiple equilibria have falsifiable predictions? Second, is identification possible in economies that exhibit multiple equilibria? Put differently, are these economies observationally equivalent to economies with unique equilibria? We raise these questions within a general framework and then study a series of examples to determine how the existing literature has addressed them. Russell W. Cooper Department of Economics Boston University 270 Bay State Road Boston, MA 02215 and NBER rcooper@bu.edu Estimation and Identification of Structural Parameters in the Presence of Multiple Equilibria Russell W. Cooper∗ Department of Economics, Boston University, Boston, MA. 02215, USA rcooper@bu.edu
A note on upgrading long-period seismographs

La utilidad de la senal generada por sismometros electromagneticos de periodo largo se puede incrementar convirtiendo esta senal a formato digital mediante el uso de componentes electronicos de costo reducido. Con este proposito desarrollamos dos circuitos electronicos. El primero para calibrar una estacion de periodo largo de tres componentes (perteneciente a la Red Sismica del Noroeste de Mexico) y el segundo para digitalizar la senal generada por esta estacion. La senal digital se suministra a continuacion a una computadora personal (PC). En ella la senal entrante se decodifica, visualiza, graba y revisa mediante programas escritos para tal fin. La curva de respuesta en frecuencia de nuestra estacion es similar a la de las curvas de las estaciones de periodo largo de la red World Wide Standardized Seismograph Network (para un periodo natural de 15 s). Como resultado del trabajo realizado se han obtenido registros digitales de periodo largo de buena calidad desde noviembre de 1996.
Optimization of Reduced Graphene Oxide Deposition for Hydrogen Sensing Technologies

Graphene is known to be a key material for improving the performance of hydrogen sensors. High electrical conductivity, maximum possible surface area with respect to volume, and high carrier mobility are a few of the properties that make graphene ideal for hydrogen sensing applications [1]. The problem with utilizing graphene is the difficulty in depositing uniform, thin layers onto substrate surfaces [2-3]. This study examines a new method of optimizing graphene deposition by utilizing an airbrush to deposit both graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) onto glass substrates. The number of depositions were varied among samples to study the effect of layer thickness on the electrical and topographic properties of rGO. Linear sweep voltammetry tests show that increasing the amount of rGO deposited resulted in superior conductivity. Substrates coated with 5 spray-coats of rGO had a film conductivity of 0.35 S/m whereas substrates coated with 20 spray-coats displayed film conductivity of 7.67 S/m. An analysis of the topography of spray-coated rGO films revealed a rough and uneven surface texture resulting in hydrophobic wetting properties of rGO. When palladium nanoparticles were deposited onto rGO, samples demonstrated significant conductivity loss due to uneven palladium deposition and deformation of rGO. The unique electrical properties displayed by varying the amounts of deposited rGO establishes a method of hydrogen sensor fabrication with controllable rGO film conductivity.
Mineralogical and micromorphological characteristics of red pineand oak root zone soils in southern Turkey

Plant species exert differential effects on soil mineralogical and micromorphological characteristics. The effect of red pine and oak tree roots on the mineralogical and micromorphological characteristics of rhizosphere soils in two sampling sites in the Goksu catchment was studied. The climate, topography, and bedrock conditions were kept consistent, whereas the plant factor was kept as the only variable in each site. Rhizosphere soils under the canopies of 100 years old and naturally occurring trees were compared via macromorphology, submicroscopy, mineralogy, and physical and chemical properties. The soils of red pine (RP1 and RP2 profiles) were determined to have higher porosity when compared to the soils of the oak tree profiles (Ok1, Ok2). However, the higher amounts of welded/cemented aggregates in the Ok1 and Ok2 profiles were probable indicators of maturity and probable stability of the aggregates/MSUs. The dominant clay mineral in sampling site 1 was kaolinite, whereas it was smectite in sampling site 2.
Optimization of phytoremediation in Cd- contaminated soil by using Taguchi method in Spinacia oleracea

Phytoremediation is an environmental friendly technique to the cleanup of polluted soils, which combines the disciplines of plant, soil and microbiology. In this study, four factors including: cow manure, compost, urea fertilizer and Cd-resistant bacteria with three different levels in soils contaminated with cadmium using 50 mg kg -1 cadmium chloride (CdCl2.H2O) were used to optimize of phytoremediation by Spinacia oleracea. Taguchi method has been used for experimental design. Results showed that significant factors in the order of importance were: cow manure, Cd- resistant batteries, urea fertilizer and compost. The optimum conditions for the selected levels were inoculate three types of bacteria (CC3, CC4, CC5), compost = 10 (g kg -1 ), urea
Effect of Polypropylene Macrofibers on the Flexural Response of SCFRC

This study looks into the effect of polypropylene (PP) macrofibers on the flexural response of self-consolidating fiber-reinforced concrete (SCFRC). PP fibres with a length of 38 mm dosed at 8 kg/m3 were incorporated in different mixes in order to produce prismatic specimens and test them in flexure. The total binder content was maintained at 450 kg/m3 in all cases, and the percentage of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) was varied between 25% and 50%. The water-to-binder ratio (w/b) was varied between 0.40 and 0.45. The compressive strength and the residual flexural strength were evaluated at the age of 56 days. The experimental results from these tests were related to w/b and GGBS content. Predictive equations and response surfaces were obtained for the residual flexural strength parameters by means of multiple linear regression. It was shown that there is a statistically significant synergy between GGBS content and w/b that affects the variability of residual load-bearing capacity of SCFRC in flexure.
SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES AND THEIR HOST SPHEROIDS. I. DISASSEMBLING GALAXIES

Several recent studies have performed galaxy decompositions to investigate correlations between the black hole mass and various properties of the host spheroid, but they have not converged on the same conclusions. This is because their models for the same galaxy were often significantly different and not consistent with each other in terms of fitted components. Using 3.6 μm Spitzer imagery, which is a superb tracer of the stellar mass (superior to the K band), we have performed state-of-the-art multicomponent decompositions for 66 galaxies with directly measured black hole masses. Our sample is the largest to date and, unlike previous studies, contains a large number (17) of spiral galaxies with low black hole masses. We paid careful attention to the image mosaicking, sky subtraction, and masking of contaminating sources. After a scrupulous inspection of the galaxy photometry (through isophotal analysis and unsharp masking) and—for the first time—2D kinematics, we were able to account for spheroids; large-scale, intermediate-scale, and nuclear disks; bars; rings; spiral arms; halos; extended or unresolved nuclear sources; and partially depleted cores. For each individual galaxy, we compared our best-fit model with previous studies, explained the discrepancies, and identified the optimal decomposition. Moreover, we have independently performed one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) decompositions and concluded that, at least when modeling large, nearby galaxies, 1D techniques have more advantages than 2D techniques. Finally, we developed a prescription to estimate the uncertainties on the 1D best-fit parameters for the 66 spheroids that takes into account systematic errors, unlike popular 2D codes that only consider statistical errors.
Geometric Pseudospectral Method on SE(3) for Rigid-Body Dynamics with Application to Aircraft

General pseudospectral method is extended to the special Euclidean group SE(3) by virtue of equivariant map for rigid-body dynamics of the aircraft. On SE(3), a complete left invariant rigid-body dynamics model of the aircraft in body-fixed frame is established, including configuration model and velocity model. For the left invariance of the configuration model, equivalent Lie algebra equation corresponding to the configuration equation is derived based on the left-trivialized tangent of local coordinate map, and the top eight orders truncated Magnus series expansion with its coefficients of the solution of the equivalent Lie algebra equation are given. A numerical method called geometric pseudospectral method is developed, which, respectively, computes configurations and velocities at the collocation points and the endpoint based on two different collocation strategies. Through numerical tests on a free-floating rigid-body dynamics compared with several same order classical methods in Euclidean space and Lie group, it is found that the proposed method has higher accuracy, satisfying computational efficiency, stable Lie group structural conservativeness. Finally, how to apply the previous discretization scheme to rigid-body dynamics simulation and control of the aircraft is illustrated.
The Effect of Ensemble Learning Models on Turkish Text Classification

The Effect of Ensemble Learning Models on Turkish Text Classification Due to rapid development of the Internet and related technologies, the amount of text-based content generated through Internet applications is increasing from day to day. Since text-based content is unstructured, accessing and managing this data is almost impossible. Consequently, there is a need for automatic text classification process. Text mining is a discipline in the Data Mining field and offers algorithms in order to perform text classification. The main objective of text classification is forming a learning model by using a training data set with pre-defined categories and placing data with unknown categories into correct categories. Different text classification algorithms such as decision trees, Bayesian classifiers, rule-based classifiers, neural networks, k-nearest neighbor classifier, support vector machines and ensemble learning methods exist in the literature. In this study, the effect of ensemble learning models on Turkish text classification was evaluated. A publicly available data set named TTC-3600 which consists of 3600 news collected from 6 news portals was selected. Text classification process was performed on TTC-3600 data set by using 4 base classification algorithms Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, J48 Decision tree and their Boosting, Bagging and Rotation Forest ensemble learning models. The experimental results shows that ensemble learning models generally give more accurate results by increasing the success of base classifiers.
Reuniting 'Is' and 'Ought' in Empirical Legal Scholarship

Scholars engaged in empirical legal research have long struggled to balance the methodological demands of social science with the normative aspirations of legal scholarship. In recent years, empirical legal scholarship has increased dramatically in methodological sophistication, but in the process has lost some of its relevance to the normative goals that animate legal scholarship. In many empirical studies, the phenomena that are readily measured have a complex relationship with the values that are relevant to legal reform, yet empirical scholars often neglect to explain how their positive findings relate to normative claims. Although some empirical studies offer prescriptions, they often rely on normative premises that are clearly untenable or simply fail to explain how they purport to derive an ‘ought’ from an ‘is. ’ Other empirical studies avoid prescription altogether, reporting results without clarifying how they are relevant to meaningful questions about law or legal institutions. Using as examples three types of measures commonly used to evaluate judges and institutions — citation counts, reversal rates, and inter-judge disparities — this Article describes widespread flaws in efforts to connect the ‘is’ and the ‘ought’ in empirical legal scholarship. The Article argues that normative implications should not be an afterthought in empirical research, but rather should inform research design. Empirical scholars should focus on quantities that can guide policy, and not merely on phenomena that are conveniently measured. They should be explicit about how they propose to measure the goodness of outcomes, disclose what assumptions are necessary to justify their proposed metrics, and explain how these metrics relate to the observable data. When values are difficult to quantify, legal empiricists will need to develop theoretical frameworks and empirical methods that can credibly connect empirical findings to policy-relevant conclusions.