Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The estimation of investment risk in an asset portfolio by using value at risk method (VAR)

This study attempts to use value at risk method (VAR) as risk measurement criterion in formation of household asset portfolio. To do this, the data which are related to the assets price including: bank deposit, bonds, stock, exchange, coin, and housing that are used in time period of 1991 to 2011 and the value at risk of portfolio is calculated in reliability level of 90%, 95%, and 99% and in time periods of one year and 19 years. After calculating returns, return standard deviation, correlation coefficient among assets and VAR of every asset, the optimal mix of assets is extracted by using variance- mean model and Matlab software and assets portfolio risk is calculated by VAR method. The results indicated that there is the most portfolio risk of 55/13% with the probability of 99% for high risk people and the lowest portfolio risk of Zero%, with the probability of 90% for low risk people. In one year period, there is also the most portfolio risk of 17/51% with the probability of 99% for high risk people and the lowest portfolio risk of 88% with the probability of 90% for low risk people. Normal 0 false false false RU X-NONE X-NONE
Local boundary shear stress estimates from velocity profiles measured with an ADCP

The acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) has become an important tool in the study of river processes. When measurements are obtained at a fixed location within the river channel, time- averaged velocity profiles can be calculated. These profiles have the potential to quantify flow properties such as secondary currents and boundary shear stress. Velocity profiles from ADCP measurements ob- tained on the lower Roanoke River in the USA are used to estimate local mean boundary shear stress. The procedure combines the well known log-law with visually establishing the region within the flow depth where this law is valid. Additionally, methods are presented to (i) determine if movement of the ADCP adversely affects the measured velocity profile, (ii) test whether the recorded data is stationary, and (iii) calculate the depth-averaged velocity.
Resistance of 'Geneva' Apple Rootstocks to Erwinia amylovora when Grown as Potted Plants and Orchard Trees

The objective of the USDA / Cornell apple rootstock breeding project is to develop pomologically excellent rootstocks with resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Progeny of controlled crosses were selected for fire blight resistance following direct inoculation of seedling shoots with Erwinia. amylovora. Recently 3 rootstocks, 'Geneva (G.) 11', 'G.30', and 'G.16' were released for commercial sales and several other selections are in the final stages of evaluation. To compare their resistance with that of other apple rootstocks, liners of 48 different rootstocks were grown in the greenhouse, inoculated with differentially virulent strain E4001a and other highly aggressive E. amylovora strains, and the percent of the current season's shoot length blighted (SLB) calculated. The rootstocks most susceptible to direct inoculation were 'Budagovsky (Bud.) 9' (88% SLB), 'Ottawa 3' (87%), 'M.9' (86%), 'M.26' (80%), and 'Supporter 4' (69%), while 'M.7' (28%), 'G.30' (22%), 'G.16' (18%), 'G.11' (7%), and 13 other Geneva selections (CG.) (8-30%) were the most resistant. To evaluate the resistance of the rootstocks under orchard conditions, 3-yr-old Royal Gala trees on 18 Geneva rootstocks and 6 check rootstocks were sprayinoculated with strain E4001a twice during bloom in May 1999. All trees developed severe infections in the scion. Presence of ooze on rootstocks was first observed on 16 June 1999. Greatest incidence of tree death by 15 Oct 1999 occurred on 'M.26' (92% and 60% on two clones), and 'M.9' (83%). No trees on 'MM.111', 'Marubakaido', or 'Bud.9' died. Of the commercialized 'Geneva' rootstocks, 'G.16' and 'G.30' had no tree death, and 'G.11' had 25%. Nine other advanced rootstock selections from Geneva had no tree death. In 2000, a natural blossom blight epidemic occurred in a duplicate planting of the 'Geneva' rootstocks at another location. The resistance observed agreed closely with that previously observed in the inoculated block.
Lessons from Hedge Fund Registration

In February, 2006, managers of hedge funds over a certain size with less than a two-year lockup period were required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission to file Form ADV. Motivated in part by a desire to provide investors with data that could be used to avoid operational risk, the form includes information about past legal problems, regulatory problems and potential conflicts of interest. In this paper, we address the question of the relevance of the information contained in Form ADVs to participants in the investment market. We link the SEC filings data with a comprehensive database of hedge funds. We examine the relationship between commonly used operational risk variables and a number of other factors, including performance, capital structure and investor flows. We find that hedge funds filing Form ADV in 2006 had better past performance, more assets and higher quality than non-filers – supporting the assertion that filing is a potential signal of quality. Consistent with the intent to provide information relevant to detecting operational risk, we find a strong positive association between potential conflicts and past legal and regulatory problems in the Form ADV database. Next, we use capital structure and investment flows to examine the theory that Form ADV filing may simply provide redundant information already available to lenders, counter-parties, equity investors and share purchasers. Funds with past legal and regulatory problems have a more concentrated management structure and less average leverage than their “non-problem” counterparts, suggesting that some market participants are able to distinguish problem from non-problem funds. On the other hand, there is no evidence in the flow-performance relationship to suggest that hedge fund share investors are able to distinguish problem from non-problem funds. Thus Form ADV filing by hedge funds may be useful to some sectors of the market but not to others.
Mutual fund performance and seemingly unrelated assets ? · Lubo

Estimates of standard performance measures can be improved by using returns on assets not used to de ̄ne those measures. Alpha, the intercept in a regression of a fund's return on passive benchmark returns, can be estimated more precisely by using information in returns on non-benchmark passive assets, whether or not one believes those assets are priced by the benchmarks. A fund's Sharpe ratio can be estimated more precisely by using returns on other assets as well as the fund. New estimates of these performance measures for a large universe of equity mutual funds exhibit substantial di®erences from the usual estimates. JEL classi ̄cations: G11, G12, C11
Learner-Centered Approaches: Their Effect on the Oral Fluency of Students

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of learner-centered approaches on the oral fluency of the second-year students in English 202-Communicative English. The study employed a quasi-experimental method, particularly the pre-test and post-test experimental group design. Two groups of students were utilized as the experimental groups of the study. The findings of the study revealed that both groups acquired the same level of oral fluency before the intervention but acquired different levels of fluency after. Based on the result, the conclusion was that the level of speaking fluency of the participants exposed to cooperative learning improved significantly more than those exposed to task-based teaching. An experimental study conducted over a longer period of time and employing randomization could be considered to further investigate the possible results. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Record Matching Over Query Result from Multiple Web Databases

Record matching, is the process of identifying the records that represent the same real-world entity, is an important step for data integration. Most record matching methods are supervised, which requires the user to provide training data. These methods are not applicable for the Web database scenario, where the records to match are query results dynamically generated, on the fly, such records are query-dependent and a pre-learned method using training examples from previous query results may fail on the results of a new query. To address the problem of record matching in the Web database scenario, we present an unsupervised, online record matching method, UDD, which, for a given query, can effectively identify duplicates from the query result records of multiple Web databases. This method has two cooperating classifiers, a Weighted Component Similarity Summing classifier (WCSS) and Support Vector Machine classifier (SVM), to iteratively identify duplicates in the query results from multiple Web databases. Using these two classifiers duplicate and non-duplicate vectors are calculated and non-duplicate vector is displayed as result.
Quantum parameter estimation with a neural network

We propose to use neural networks to estimate the rates of coherent and incoherent processes in quantum systems from continuous measurement records. In particular, we adapt an image recognition algorithm to recognize the patterns in experimental signals and link them to physical quantities. We demonstrate that the parameter estimation works unabatedly in the presence of detector imperfections which complicate or rule out Bayesian filter analyses.
Current and future use of BIM in renovation projects

In Europe, more than 80 per cent of residential buildings were built before 1990. For this reason, current and future construction projects increasingly focus on renovation all over Europe. On the other hand, developments and use of IT (Information Technology) have increased in many construction projects as IT has gained importance as one of the factors that determine the success or failure of a project in the construction industry. From the IT perspective, BIM (Building Information Modeling) has become more widely spread in the construction industry. In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy was published in 2011, which announced the Government’s intention to require “collaborative 3D BIM” on its projects by 2016. However, although according to recent research, BIM is becoming popular in the whole construction industry for new buildings and is feasible to use in renovation projects, it has not reached its full potential yet. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the current and potential use of BIM in renovation projects. A comprehensive literature review in combination with empirical data collection in the form of interviews has provided the basis for the research. The empirical data were collected through four semi-structured interviews with representative employees of four major construction contractors in Sweden. Interviews were conducted with one VDC Project Group Manager, one BIM Strategist, one Regional Manager, and one BIM Project Manager. Interviews provide insights into individual perspectives and gauge their experiences of BIM environment in renovation projects. The findings of this thesis suggest that the current use of BIM in renovation projects is due to several factors. Although potential benefits of BIM are well known to professionals for new construction, there are still barriers such as little client demand, complexity of the renovation projects, and lack of skilled labor for the implementation of BIM for renovation projects. The result of the study highlights the possibilities for increase and improvement in BIM use in the future for renovation projects.
Do Investors Care About Sentiment

Results of recent research indicate small investor sentiment, as measured by the change in the discount on closed-end funds, is an important factor in the return generating process for common stocks. The authors find no evidence of it being an important factor in the return generating process. They next examine its impact on expected returns and whether one set of firms with high sensitivity to this factor--closed-end funds--offers, and can be expected to offer, a higher expected return. The authors' findings do not support small investor sentiment as a priced factor, either in common stocks or closed-end funds. Copyright 1998 by University of Chicago Press.
Influence of pesticide (glyphosate) on dehydrogenase activity, pH, Eh and gases production in soil (laboratory conditions)

A b s t r a c t. Enzyme activity is a sensitive indicator of fertility, metabolic processes and circulation of matter as well as soil environment contamination. Dehydrogenases (EC 1.1.1.1) are the kind of enzymes belonging to oxidoreductases class, which catalyzes oxidation and reduction reaction. Their activity give information on soil microflora oxidative activity and intensive matabolism of soil microorganisms. Heavy metals, PAH’s or pesticides decrease the soil dehydrogenase activity. Glyphosate is the most common herbicide used worldwide and as other pesticides is toxic for living organisms. The aim of the study was to determinate dehydrogenase activity (DHA) in the soils enriched with glyphosate (1 µg and 10 µg g -1 of pesticide doses) during time (42 days), under laboratory conditions at temperature 20°C. The decrease of DHA activity was observed that depended on the pesticide dose. K e y w o r d s: dehydrogenase, glyphosate, oxydoreduction potential, gas formation
Therapy of Spine Metastasis Causing Paralysis Symptoms - Operation and Rehabilitation

Most common manifestation of tumor metastasis after lungs and liver is the skeletal system with 60-80% of spine metastasis. In 30% of all cancer patients with metastatic spinal complaints are initial presentation of malignant primary disease while the primary paraplegia occurs in 5-10% of all spinal metastases. Thus a further operational metastases treatment is dependent on the entire metastasis status, the type and Tomita score as well as the risk of surgery considering general patient status. From 01.01. 11 to 31.12. 12 we included 16 patients with tumors. In 27% of the cases the first symptoms were paraplegia, but the primary tumor was determined in only one of these cases. 73% of patients underwent surgical treatment within the first 24 hours after admission. The hospital stay was 22 days. 56.3% of patients had incomplete paralysis at admission and 71% of these patients had postoperative improvement in neurological outcomes. All patients benefited as part of operational and rehabilitative treatment of a significant reduction in pain and 50% of patients were able to be discharged home. At the onset of paralytic symptoms we recommend immediate operation. In a multidisciplinary case conference the oncological treatment regimens should be defined also for the necessary paralysis treatment. Decision guidance is the height of paralysis, tumorgenesis, ASA classification and the pain symptoms of the patient. The treatment must adjusted and individualized according to the patient's general health, life expectancy, the primary tumor, the grading of metastasis and extent of neurological deficit.
The relationship between polar mesospheric clouds and their background atmosphere as observed by Odin-SMR and Odin-OSIRIS

Abstract. In this study the properties of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) and the background atmosphere in which they exist are studied using measurements from two instruments, OSIRIS and SMR, on board the Odin satellite. The data comes from a set of tomographic measurements conducted by the satellite during 2010 and 2011. The expected ice mass density and cloud frequency for conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium, calculated using the temperature and water vapour as measured by SMR, are compared to the ice mass density and cloud frequency as measured by OSIRIS. We find that assuming thermodynamic equilibrium reproduces the seasonal, latitudinal and vertical variations in ice mass density and cloud frequency, but with a high bias of a factor of 2 in ice mass density. To investigate this bias, we use a simple ice particle growth model to estimate the time it would take for the observed clouds to sublimate completely and the time it takes for these clouds to reform. We find a difference in the median sublimation time (1.8 h) and the reformation time (3.2 h) at peak cloud altitudes (82–84 km). This difference implies that temperature variations on these timescales have a tendency to reduce the ice content of the clouds, possibly explaining the high bias of the equilibrium model. Finally, we detect and are, for the first time, able to positively identify cloud features with horizontal scales of 100 to 300 km extending far below the region of supersaturation ( > 2 km). Using the growth model, we conclude these features cannot be explained by sedimentation alone and suggest that these events may be an indication of strong vertical transport.
NOTE ON HAIR-SAMPLING DEVICES FOR EURASIAN OTTERS

Devices to collect hairs from Eurasian otters were tested in captivity. Two designs of hair traps (a wooden box and a set of 7 sticks stuck into the ground) were set in an enclosure and each was tested with two different materials to capture hairs: double- sided adhesive tape and the hook side of velcro brand fastener. Three types of lures were used to entice the otters into the box: food, foreign spraints and cod liver oil. All the hair trap configurations tested were successful in capturing hairs, and up to 52 hairs/24 hours were found glued on the adhesive tape that was fastened to the lid of the box. The set of sticks with velcro strips was the less effective device with only 5 hairs captured in 4 days.
APPLYING BETA-TYPE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS TO HEALTHCARE COST REGRESSIONS

This paper extends the literature on modelling healthcare cost data by applying the Generalised Beta of the Second Kind (GB2) distribution to UK data. A quasi-experimental design, estimating models on a subset of the data and evaluating performance on another subset, is used to compare this distribution with its nested and limiting cases. We nd that the GB2 may be a useful tool for choosing an appropriate distribution to apply, with the Beta-2 (B2) distribution and Generalised Gamma (GG) distribution performing the best with this dataset.
Triacylglycerol Lipase Participates in the Formation of n-Hexanal in Alfalfa Seedlings

The participation of lipase in the formation of n-hexanal by homogenization of alfalfa seedlings was investigated. n-Hexanal was increased by the addition of trilinolein, dilinolein or monolinolein to the homogenate of the seedlings. Taurodeoxycholic acid sodium salt (TDCA), an inhibitor of triacylglycerol lipase, inhibited the formation of n-hexanal by 36%. These findings show that the corresponding proportion of n-hexanal was formed through the action of triacylglycerol lipase. n-Hexanal was also increased by adding the total lipids of alfalfa seedlings to the homogenate prepared with TDCA. But, when the lipids removed free fatty acids from the total lipids were added to the homogenate, the increase decreased to 18% as compared with the addition of total lipids. n-Hexanal thus also increased through the pathway, not requiring the action of the lipase and 82% of the increased n-hexanal was formed from preexisting free fatty acids. The formation pathways of n-hexanal in the seedlings were discussed.
The impact of lacking metadata and data truncation for the measurement of cultural and linguistic change using the Google Ngram datasets

As a result of legal restrictions the Google Ngram Corpora datasets are a) not accompanied by any metadata regarding the texts the corpora consist of and the data are b) truncated to prevent an indirect conclusion from the n-gram to the author of the text. Some of the consequences of this strategy are discussed in this article.
Biological control of Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mango orchards through augmentative releases of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).

Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) parasi- toids were released by air on a weekly basis over 1600 ha of commercial mango orchards, backyard orchards, and patches of native vegetation, at a density of ca. 940 parasitoids/ha. Releases were made during 2 consecu- tive years, beginning at flower onset and lasting until the end of the production cycle. Two areas, 7 km apart, were compared. In one area parasitoids were released, whereas the other area was used as a control. During the 2nd year treatments were reversed. Fruit was sam- pled in commercial mango orchards and in backyard orchards to assess levels of parasitism in fruit fly lar- vae. Highly significant differences in percentage par- asitism were found in release and control zones in backyard orchards. Furthermore, trapping results in- dicated that D. longicaudata releases were associated with ca. 2.7-fold suppression of Anastrepha spp. popu- lations in backyard orchards. Results suggest that suppression might be affected by environmental con- ditions and by the parasitoid:fly ratio achieved. Ana- strepha obliqua McQuart populations were suppressed more effectively by use of parasitoids than those of Anastrepha ludens Loew, perhaps due to the type of host fruits used by each species. Augmentative para- sitoid releases in marginal areas surrounding com- mercial orchards (backyard orchards, wild vegeta- tion) can substantially suppress fly populations. Through this approach, the number of flies that later move into commercial orchards can be significantly reduced. Such a strategy, when combined with sound orchard management schemes, can allow growers to produce clean fruit without the need to resort to the widespread use of insecticides. © 2000 Academic Press
You've got mail: Accountability and end user attitudes to email management

In a pioneering ethnographic study of end user responses to the problem of ‘information overload’ Whittaker and Sidner (1996) found that the design of systems primarily as methods of asynchronous communication, posed significant information management problems for users. In another contemporaneous study, David Bearman (1993) extended understanding of the implications of end user email management behavior by identifying significant accountability implications for organizations arising from the use of email. Recent case studies in the United States and Australia (Leopold, 2008; Raleigh Chronicle, 2008; Strutt, and Taylor, 2007) have once again focused attention on the accountability consequences for Government of email management. Employing elements of Whittaker and Sidner’s (1996) typology, in a research design involving quantitative and case study methods, this study explores end user attitudes and behavior in email management with consequences for Australian Government accountability in an era of e-Government. The paper addresses the need of information policy makers, Chief Information Officers (CIOs) and information and records managers to be informed about current vectors in compliant email management.