Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Determination of Azimsulfuron, Flazasulfuron and Halosulfuron-methyl in Grains, Seeds, Vegetables and Fruits by HPLC

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 3 sulfonylurea herbicides, azimsulfuron, flazasulfuron and halosulfuron-methyl in agricultural products. The herbicides were extracted with acetone, re-extracted with ethyl acetate, and then transferred to 2% dipotassium hydrogenphosphate solution. The herbicides were extracted again into ethyl acetate and cleaned up using Sep-Pak® Plus Alumina N and Bond Elut® SAX cartridge columns. The 3 sulfonylurea herbicides were determined by HPLC. The fortified peaks were confirmed by LC/MS with electrospray ionization (ESI), and the peaks of azimsulfuron, flazasulfuron and halosulfuron-methyl were determined. The recoveries of the 3 sulfonylurea herbicides from brown rice, corn, cotton seed, ginkgonut, chestnut, almond, walnut, cucumber, pumpkin, orange, grapefruit, mandarin, lemon and grape ranged from 77.0 to 112.3% following fortification at 0.05-0.5 μg/g. The detection limits were 0.01 μg/g for azimsulfuron and halosulfuron-methyl, and 0.02 μg/ml for flazasulfuron(S/N > 3).
Reliability of Absolute and Relative Predictions of Population Persistence Based on Time Series

Abstract: Conventional population viability analysis (PVA) is often impractical because data are scarce for many threatened species. For this reason, simple count‐based models are being advocated. The simplest of these models requires nothing more than a time series of abundance estimates, from which variance and autocorrelation in growth rate are estimated and predictions of population persistence are generated. What remains unclear, however, is how many years of data are needed to generate reliable estimates of these parameters and hence reliable predictions of persistence. By analyzing published and simulated time series, we show that several decades of data are needed. Predictions based on short time series were very unreliable mainly because limited data yielded biased, unreliable estimates of variance in growth rate, especially when growth rate was strongly autocorrelated. More optimistically, our results suggest that count‐based PVA is sometimes useful for relative risk assessment (i.e., for ranking populations by extinction risk), even when time series are only a decade long. However, some conditions consistently lead to backward rankings. We explored the limited conditions under which simple count‐based PVA may be useful for relative risk assessment.
Effectiveness of French Physiotherapy in Treating Congenital Clubfoot Deformity

Disability has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide. Childhood disability is one of them and it remains hidden in developing country like Bangladesh [1]. Importance of conservative treatment in congenital clubfoot has been known since the Hippocrates era (approximately 400 B.C) [2]. Continuous passive movement treatment method of French authors has also been added to manipulation, bandage, cast and device applications [3]. There is not a clear opinion in the literature on how to treat overcorrection. In the longterm follow-up studies, weakness in muscle groups around the ankle, joint stiffness was found [4,5]. Laaveg & Ponseti [6] obtained 89% success rate by using the conservative treatment method and minimal invasive surgery if required. Prevalence of congenital clubfoot in Bangladesh is high and most of the cases remain untreated or poorly treated [7]. According to French physiotherapy method (93-96%) so congenital clubfoot is manageable if the treatment can be started before child’s 1st birth day. It is important to identify the effectiveness of French physiotherapy in treating congenital clubfoot deformity than other conservative method like Ponseti Method. In French method the complication should be minimize. As there no study was done in this topic before in our country, I was very much interested to do research on this topic.
Throat Patch Variation in Tayra (Eira barbara) and the Potential for Individual Identification in the Field

The importance of identifying individuals of a population has been extensively documented in several species of carnivores, including some species of mustelids. This information is used in many kinds of ecological studies including density estimation, behavioral ecology and analyses of animal movement patterns. The objective of the present study was to determine if individual variation in the throat patches of Tayra (Eira barbara) permits individual identification. We examined 275 specimens from museum collections to determine the morphological variation of the throat patch in Eira barbara specimens collected throughout its distribution. We found differences in the shape and size of the throat patches significant enough to allow discrimination of individuals that display a throat patch (88.0% of 252 complete specimens). The proposed identification criterion was applied to photographic records obtained from a wild population using camera traps in the Peruvian Amazon. From nineteen images (54.0% of all images) in which the throat patch was visible, nine different individuals were identified and two of these were recaptured on multiple occasions.
Production of hydrolysate from processed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) residues and assessment of its antioxidant activity

The objective of this work was to produce protein hydrolysates from by-products of the Nile tilapia fileting process, and to assess the effects of different hydrolysis times on the antioxidant activity of the hydrolysed animal-based protein, in free form and incorporated into a food matrix. Gutted tilapia heads and carcasses were hydrolysed by Alcalase® for different hydrolysis times producing six hydrolysates. The protein content, degree of hydrolysis, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and antioxidant activity by the ORAC, FRAP and TEAC methods were analysed. Three mini-hamburger formulations were produced and the lipidic oxidation of mini-hamburger was determined by TBARS. The protein contained in the residue was completely recovered in the process. The hydrolysates varied in their degree of hydrolysis, but presented similar levels of antioxidant activity. In the mini-hamburgers the hydrolysate was capable of delaying oxidation after 7 days of storage. Hydrolysis of tilapia processing by-products produced peptides may be used in the formulation of functional foods.
Lean road transportation – a systematic method for the improvement of road transport operations

Abstract Road transportation has become an important factor in international trade and the management of supply chains. However, this form of product logistics has generally been considered inefficient. Traditionally, practical inefficiencies of road transportation have been addressed through mathematical modelling, operations research-based methods and simulation. This paper presents an alternative systematic approach to improve road transport operations based on lean thinking and the reduction of the seven transportation extended wastes. To do this, the paper reviews the extant literature in the area of lean road transportation, providing a structured research definition of the application of lean thinking in road transport operations and hence guidance on the limited research conducted in this field. The systematic lean transportation method is then presented and empirically tested through a case study in a Mexican firm. The results obtained from the case study indicate that the proposed systematic lean method is an effective alternative for the improvement of road transport operations, with the number of distribution routes and distance travelled being reduced by 27 and 32%, respectively. The proposed method can be used by organisations as a guide to help them improve their road transport operations. In addition, the paper’s aim is to contribute by stimulating scholars to further study the application of lean thinking and waste reduction in road transport operations.
Effect of Salinity Stress on Capsicum annuum Callus Growth, Regeneration and Callus Content of Capsaicin, Phenylalanine, Proline and Ascorbic Acid

The present research was conducted to study salinity effect on callus growth and regeneration from the local Chilli pepper cultivar as well as calli content of capsaicin, phenylalanine, proline and ascorbic acid. The results showed that the Pericarp gave the highest fresh and dry weight of 511.6 mg and 56.95 mg respectively at 9 dSm -1 compared with other interactions. Moreover the lowest fresh and dry weight was recorded for the root calli grown at 12 dSm -1 . The highest regeneration percentage was 87.20% at 3 dSm -1 and the lowest was 6.70% at 9 dSm -1 . For explant effect on regeneration, the highest percentage was 71.1% for shoot tips and the lowest was 23.30 % from the pericarp. However no plants were regenerated at 12 dSm -1 from all explants and at 9 dSm -1 from calli induced from roots, placenta and pericarps. Calli induced from Pericarp contain significantly higher Proline amount at 12 dSm -1 which was 34.65 µg/g and the lowest was 2.57 µg/g at 3 dSm -1 . Moreover Phenylalanine ranged from 28.23 µg/g at 3 dSm -1 and 41.50 µg/g at 12 dSm -1 . While a wide range between the explants in the Ascorbic acid amount was recorded. The highest was 47.21 µg/g from the Placenta calli and the lowest was 0.98 µg/g from the Shoot tip calli. On the other hand calli produced from Placenta gave the highest amount of Capsaicin 53.11 µg/g at 9 dSm -1 which was not significantly different than the placenta and the pericarp at 12 dSm -1 and the shoot tips, placenta and the pericarp at 9 µg/g. In conclusion Chili pepper callus tolerated salinity via the accumulation of Ascorbic acid, Proline, Phenylalanine and Capsaicin. Moreover Chili Pepper grown In vitro under salt stress contained high amount of Capsaicin the important pharmaceutical compound. Finally pepper plants were regenerated from salt stressed calli might be salt tolerant under field conditions.
An In-Vitro Study of Crowned Endodontically Treated Immature Permanent Central Incisor Reinforced with Different Types of Aesthetic Posts Using FEA

The purpose of this research is to study the stresses fallen on three different points on the palatal surface of crowned endodontically treated immature anterior tooth reinforced with esthetic post using FEA.This finite element study simulated a clinical situation where stresses are applied from occlusion of teeth against each other in three different points (Inner curvature of incisal edge, junction between middle and cervical thirds, and cingulum area) which represents three different types of occlusion (edge to edge bite, normal bite and deep bite). Three different types ofestheticpostswere used: 1 type ready-made post, direct custom made ceramic post and indirect custom made ceramic post (Both are IPS E-max press) are used with the same type of resin cement (RelyXTM U200 automix, 3M ESPE, Germany), one core material (FiltekTM Z250 XT, 3M ESPE, Germany) and one crown material (IPS E-max Press, IvoclarVivadent, USA). Properties of these materials are taken in the FE software to build the model to be studied.This finite element analysis resulted in huge graphical representations (screen shots/pictures), each one present a type of deflection, strain, or stress. Commonly when Von Mises stress reach critical values all other types of stresses and deflections would be discussed to indicate the dominant effect from loading or system materials.The studied model consists of ten components; crown, core, post, cement, MTA, mucosa, cortical bone, PDL, root, and cancellousbone.There is no significant difference between the ready-made glass fiber post (Exacto glass fiber post, ANGELUS, BRAZIL) and the custom made post (IPS E-max press) used in the study due to close modulus of elasticity of both posts which is also close to that of the dentine of the root of the tooth.
Data network models of burstiness

We review characteristics of data traffic which we term stylized facts: burstiness, long-range dependence, heavy tails, bursty behavior determined by high-bandwidth users, and dependence determined by users without high transmission rates. We propose an infinite-source Poisson input model which supplies traffic in adjacent time slots. We study properties of the model as slot width decreases and traffic intensity increases. This model has the ability to account for many of the stylized facts.
RFID tag design using spiral resonators and defected ground structure

This paper presents a simple generalized approach to design a compact chipless radio frequency identification tag. The proposed chipless tag encodes data into the spectral signature using a set of spiral resonators on both sides of substrate. Transmission amplitude component of the tag is used for data encoding. For miniaturization purpose, defected ground structure is used to reduce the circuit size by half compared to the conventional cascading technique. The proposed chipless tag operates between 4 GHz and 6 GHz and produces 256 different binary strings through eight encoded bits. Measurement and simulation results verify the authenticity of this design.
Social Networks as Enablers of Enterprise Creativity: Evidence from Portuguese Firms and Users

The present work analyzes the profiles of social networks’ users, individuals and enterprises in Algarve (Portugal), having accomplished online questionnaires. Samples of 230 users and 70 firms were collected. According to data obtained there are different behaviors. Users’ results highlight the need of harnessing the potential of recruitment and business projects through social networks, as searching for knowledge, communication and professional relations are expressive. Firms’ results reveal two types of social networks’ use: 1) knowledge search, interact with customers, launch new products; and 2) potential for marketing. Users’ desire of expressing own ideas and being creative had low importance. In social networks they auscultate more about what others are doing than revealing own aspirations. Here firms can act in order to shape users’ attitudes and preferences to their creativity. Thus, enterprises can use the first level of social networks (knowledge and product-customer interaction) in order to enhance the second level (marketing and innovation).
Experiences of caregivers of individuals suffering from schizophrenia in rural areas of the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa

The article reports on a research study done at a rural area in Mpumalanga Province. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was followed to investigate the experiences of caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with a purposefully selected sample of twelve caregivers. The Tesch (1990) constant comparative method to analyse content of qualitative data was used for the analysis. Five main categories emerged from the data analysis: emotions; physical burden; lifestyle changes; inadequate support and relationship burden. Themes were extracted from the categories. The results of the study showed that caring for individuals with schizophrenia can put considerable burdens and restrictions on the caregivers. The emotional distress that occurred as a consequence of caring for schizophrenics was compounded by other psychosocial burdens such as, poverty, patients' poor self-care, non-compliance with medication, psychotic episodes, and lack of support by family and community members. Recommendations were made regarding the improvement of health care services to the caregivers and family members with schizophrenia.
Archaeoradiolites, a new genus from the Upper Aptian of the Mediterranean region and the origin of the rudist family Radiolitidae

Abstract: Archaeoradiolites gen. nov. (Radiolitidae), mainly characterized by radially arranged branching walls structuring the outer shell layer, includes two species, Archaeoradiolites primitivus gen. et sp. nov. and Archaeoradiolites hispanicus gen. et sp. nov. (type species), the distinction of which is based on size, shell habit and development of the radially branching microstructure. Their geographical distribution is restricted to south‐east Spain and south‐west France, i.e. the Western European Tethyan margin, whereas data from the Black Sea coast of Turkey suggest a possible extension to the Eastern European Tethyan margin. Each species has a distinct biostratigraphic distribution within the Upper Aptian (mainly the Gargasian). Agriopleura is suggested to be the direct ancestor of Archaeoradiolites, which in turn is considered as the progenitor of Eoradiolites. The onset of the Radiolitidae is associated with global oceanic changes that favoured calcite as opposed to aragonite biomineralization. The acquisition of a porous shell microstructure appears, in many respects, biologically advantageous and may account for gaining a rapid (< 1 myr) ecological ability for efficient colonization and occupation of space of the family in the earlier phase of its radiation.
Toxic effect of Chenopodium ambrosoides, Hyptis suaveolens and Lippia adoensis leaf methanol extracts and essential oils against fourth instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Nowadays, controlling insect vectors using plant products is the utmost encouraged in the mosquito pest management to the detriment of synthetic insecticides which are environmentally non-biodegradable and harmful for human and livestock. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Chenopodium ambrosoides, Hyptis suaveolens, and Lippia adoensis leaf methanolic extracts and essential oils against fourth instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae in the laboratory. Plant extracts were dissolved in 1 ml of methanol and doses of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm for methanol extracts and 200, 100, 50 and 25 ppm for essential oils were prepared in the volume of 100 ml with tap water in the 250 ml plastic cups. Twenty five fourth instar larvae were transferred to each solution dose and larval mortality was recorded after 24 h post-treatment. In results, all the plant products tested have shown their dosedependent toxic effect against on An. gambiae larvae. Tested at 200 ppm, essential oils of each plant caused 100% mortality of larvae. The essential oil of C. ambrosoides (LC50 = 6 ppm after 18 h) was the most potent compared to H. suaveolens (LC50 = 19.20 ppm) and L. adoensis (LC50 = 75.63 ppm) after 24 h post-exposure. At the highest dose of 1000 ppm, all plant extracts exhibited 100% mortality of An. gambiae larvae. Among the plant extracts, the methanolic extract of L. adoensis with LC50 = 94.71 ppm was revealed to be the most effective compared to H. suaveolens (LC50 = 132.01 ppm) and C. ambrosoides (LC50 = 204.56 ppm) extracts 24 h post-treatment. From these results, H. suaveolens, L. adoensis and C.ambrosoides leaf methanolic extracts and essential oils could be used as a promising and eco-friendly approach in the vector control programs.
Estimating Fish Species Richness across Multiple Watersheds

Assessing fish species richness at the scale of an entire watershed or multiple watersheds is important when designing conservation areas and maintaining aquatic biodiversity. Estimating biodiversity at this scale requires considering the effects of habitat heterogeneity within and across drainages on the species-area relationship (SAR). I examined the SAR using unusually complete data to assess fish species richness in minimally disturbed watersheds on large public lands in the Sand Hills ecoregion, southeastern United States of America (USA). My objectives were to compare (1) true richness with estimates produced by different species richness estimators and sampling designs and (2) species richness among reservations. Accurate estimates were obtained for five contiguous watersheds (780 km2 total) by using Chao 2 or first-order jackknife estimators, coupled with (1) a stratified design that apportioned sampling effort over 25 sample sites based on major spatial correlates of assemblage composition, including stream size and drainage basin identity and (2) sufficient sampling effort to collect enough individuals to include rare species. The greatest species richness was in streams within a large land holding characterized by greater instream habitat diversity, less disturbed land coverage, more forested land, and closer proximity to source pools than other reservations. Species richness in these streams was within the range observed in high diversity Neotropical and Indomalayan realms.
Grapevine Remote Sensing Analysis of Phylloxera Early Stress (GRAPES): Remote Sensing Analysis Summary

High spatial resolution airborne imagery was acquired in California's Napa Valley in 1993 and 1994 as part of the Grapevine Remote sensing Analysis of Phylloxera Early Stress (GRAPES) project. Investigators from NASA, the University of California, the California State University, and Robert Mondavi Winery examined the application of airborne digital imaging technology to vineyard management, with emphasis on detecting the phylloxera infestation in California vineyards. Because the root louse causes vine stress that leads to grapevine death in three to five years, the infested areas must be replanted with resistant rootstock. Early detection of infestation and changing cultural practices can compensate for vine damage. Vineyard managers need improved information to decide where and when to replant fields or sections of fields to minimize crop financial losses. Annual relative changes in leaf area due to phylloxera infestation were determined by using information obtained from computing Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images. Two other methods of monitoring vineyards through imagery were also investigated: optical sensing of the Red Edge Inflection Point (REIP), and thermal sensing. These did not convey the stress patterns as well as the NDVI imagery and require specialized sensor configurations. NDVI-derived products are recommended for monitoring phylloxera infestations.
Preoperative Forced-Air Warming of Patients to Minimize Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia: A Systematic Review

Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH) occurs in many patients during surgery and can potentially carry serious complications, including cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, increased bleeding, impaired drug metabolism, impaired wound healing and increased risk of wound infection. There are many different techniques to minimize hypothermia during the perioperative period, but forced-air warming is used for many surgical patients. Forced-air warming has been shown to be effective during the intraoperative period; however, many institutions do not utilize this therapy in the preoperative setting. A systematic review was conducted to assess the use of preoperative forced-air warming and its’ effects on minimizing IPH. Databases were searched for pertinent articles regarding the topic of study. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to finalize the articles to be included in the systematic review. A total of six studies were critically analyzed. Overall, forced-air prewarming of patients undergoing surgery helped to minimize IPH in adult surgical patients undergoing general anesthesia. Even in studies that did not demonstrate statistically significant results, findings demonstrated that patients that were preoperatively forced-air warmed were less hypothermic than those not prewarmed. Maintaining intraoperative forced-air warming, educating other health care providers about the effects of IPH, and advocating for preoperative warming are important topics that the advanced practice nurse, particularly the CRNA, can lead.