Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microvascular Thrombosis Exuberant C3a Formation That Triggers Complement by Shiga Toxin Promotes Alternative Pathway Activation of

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E.coli O157:H7 has become a global threat to public health; it is a primary cause of diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a disorder of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute renal failure with thrombi occluding renal microcirculation. In this study, we explored whether Stx triggers complement-dependent microvascular thrombosis in in vitro and in vivo experimental settings of HUS. Stx induced on human microvascular endothelial cell surface the expression of P-selectin, which bound and activated C3 via the alternative pathway, leading to thrombus formation under ﬂow. In the search for mechanisms linking complement activation and thrombosis, we found that exuberant complement activation in response to Stx generated an increased amount of C3a that caused further endothelial P-selectin expression, thrombomodulin (TM) loss, and thrombus formation. In a murine model of HUS obtained by coinjection of Stx2 and LPS and characterized by thrombocytopenia and renal dysfunction, upregulation of glomerular endothelial P-selectin was associated with C3 and ﬁbrin(ogen) deposits, platelet clumps, and reduced TM expression. Treatment with anti–P-selectin Ab limited glomerular C3 accumulation. Factor B-deﬁcient mice after Stx2/LPS exhibited less thrombocytopenia and were protected against glomerular abnormalities and renal function impairment, indicating the involvement of complement activation via the alternative pathway in the glomerular thrombotic process in HUS mice. The functional role of C3a was documented by data showing that glomerular ﬁbrin(ogen), platelet clumps, and TM loss were markedly decreased in HUS mice receiving C3aR antagonist. These results identify Stx-induced complement activation, via P-selectin, as a key mechanism of C3a-dependent microvascular thrombosis in diarrhea-associated HUS. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 187: 172–180. by binding and/or activating C proteins. Excessive C3 activation (dependent on increased C3 convertase assembly and activity) in response to Stx generates an increased amount of the anaphylatoxin C3a, which interacts with the speciﬁc endothelial C3aR, thereby potentiating P-selectin expression and t-PA-dependent TM shedding with ﬁnal thrombus formation.
Assessment of computational tools for the prediction of BVI noise

The paper presents an assessment of various computational tools pertinent to the prediction of rotor blade induced noise developed by the partners of the Friendcopter project entitled “Integration of Technologies in Support of a Passenger and Environmentally Friendly Helicopter”. The computational tools comprise of coupled aeroelasticity and aerodynamic analysis tools, which provide input to the aeroacoustic codes used for predicting the helicopter footprints and noise levels. As these computational tools will be employed during the design phase of future environmentally friendly helicopters, assessment of their accuracy is required. In the nineties the HELISHAPE consortium embarked into a European research programme on rotorcraft aerodynamics and acoustics conducting a parametric model rotor test. These results have been reported in previous European projects (EROS, ROSAA). The test cases are based on two modern rotors designed by Eurocopter, the EC/ONERA 7A and 7AD, which differ only by their blade tip shape: the 7A has a rectangular blade tip while the 7AD has the SSP8 parabolic tip with taper. The choice of these experimental cases seemed to be the most appropriate ones for assessing the present computational tools. In the paper, we describe the various aeroacoustic methods employed and present a comparative analysis and assessment of the predictive results from these.
A coupled Finite Volume & Discrete Element method to examine particulate foulant in metal foam heat exchangers

The exorbitant costs associated with particulate fouling necessitates the need to formulate advanced methods 11 to comprehend mass transport and fouling in heat exchangers. A coupled finite volume and discrete element 12 method is developed to investigate the mechanisms that govern particle-laden gas flows and particulate fouling in idealized porous metal foam heat exchangers. This meticulous examination will take great precedence in addressing the negative impact particulate fouling has in the industry. The numerical method will permit engineers to better optimize porous metal foams for applications such as air-cooled heat aluminum heat exchangers. The robustness of this numerical method is validated against the original and modified Darcy- Forchheimer analytical equations through a novel modified porosity theory. Good agreement is obtained between the numerical and analytical results. It is shown that both 2D and 3D heat exchanger configurations 19 of identical porosities with different geometric profiles have shown similar deposition fraction and pressure 20 drop magnitudes albeit having a slightly different fouling layer distribution. This is attributable to the particle 21 properties and the variation between the 2D and 3D inlet injection plane surface area. It is found that the commencement of sandstone and sawdust deposition in a 6-pore configuration differs by 0.57 s, whereas a 23 three pore configuration completely nullifies particulate fouling irrespective of foulant type. A staggered row 24 configuration has shown significant reduction in pressure drop as compared to the 6-pore heat exchanger 25 configuration. For the case of sandstone particles, the optimum heat exchanger geometry exhibits 78 % less 26 pressure drop and 100 % less deposition fraction compared with the original 6-pore coupled finite to the time-dependent of foulant and its effect on the pressure drop in two idealized 2D and 3D metal exchangers The its effect on the overall in idealized metal foam heat exchangers are evaluated at the pore The numerical pressure drop results aligned well with the analytical Darcy-Forchheimer equations based on various modified porosity values. This is the first time the results obtained using a coupled FVM-DEM method have been extensively validated against the Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkman analytical equations describing particle-laden fluid flow in porous media. is accomplished through the use of the novel modified porosity theory. For both 2D and 3D configurations, pressure values obtained by a modified Darcy-Forchheimer analytical model numerical pressure profiles at In analytical pressure profiles obtained Darcy-Forchheimer numerical
An Intelligent Strategy Based on Fuzzy Reinforcement Learning for Backing Truck up

Backing up a vehicle is a challenging, particularly for inexperienced drivers. This paper aims at developing a practical automatic reversing technology for existing vehicles especially commercial vehicles. We first design a control law using fuzzy-reinforcement learning Based on the kinematics of a commercial vehicle which stabilizes a variety of giving initial states for the vehicle. Afterwards, the control task is implemented in a dynamic model which is close to a real world. To have a robust control policy over this task, the algorithm is trained in various dynamic environments. Finally, the dynamics model is trained once again by fuzzy Q-learning algorithm. The generated policy shows a reliable artificial intelligence for using in backing up vehicles.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Codeword Stabilized Quantum Codes and Their Error Correction A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering by

OF THE DISSERTATION Codeword Stabilized Quantum Codes and Their Error Correction by Yunfan Li Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering University of California, Riverside, August 2010 Dr. Ilya Dumer, Chairperson Quantum decoherence and errors represent some of the major challenges arising in quantum computations. Quantum error correcting codes protect quantum states against these errors and make quantum computing more reliable. One of the main problems of quantum error correction is the design of feasible decoding algorithms that can simplify error-correction for general quantum codes. The dissertation addresses decoding of general Codeword Stabilized (CWS) codes. This class of quantum codes also includes some other important classes such as additive Stabilizer codes and non-additive Union Stabilizer (USt) codes. We first design a generic error-correcting algorithm for CWS codes and analyze the number of decoding measurements and quantum gates. This algorithm performs exhaustive screening of different error patterns, similar to decoding of classical nonlinear codes. For an n-qubit quantum code correcting up to t erroneous qubits, this brute-force approach consecutively tests all correctable error patterns and employs a separate n-qubit measurement in each test. The main result is a new error grouping technique that enables simultaneous testing of large groups of errors in a single measurement. To achieve this reduction,
Optimal filter design approaches to statistical process control for autocorrelated processes

Optimal Filter Design Approaches to Statistical Process Control for Autocorrelated Processes. (August 2004) Chang-Ho Chin, B.S., Korea University; M.S., Texas A&M University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. Daniel W. Apley Dr. Yu Ding Statistical Process Control (SPC), and in particular control charting, is widely used to achieve and maintain control of various processes in manufacturing. A control chart is a graphical display that plots quality characteristics versus the sample number or the time line. Interest in effective implementation of control charts for autocorrelated processes has increased in recent years. However, because of the complexities involved, few systematic design approaches have thus far been developed. Many control charting methods can be viewed as the charting of the output of a linear filter applied to the process data. In this dissertation, we generalize the concept of linear filters for control charts and propose new control charting schemes, the general linear filter (GLF) and the 2-order linear filter, based on the generalization. In addition, their optimal design methodologies are developed, where the filter parameters are optimally selected to minimize the out-of-control Average Run Length (ARL) while constraining the in-control ARL to some desired value. The optimal linear filters are compared with other methods in terms of ARL performance, and a number of their
The Logic of Qualia

Logic is useful as a neutral formalism for expressing the contents of mental representations. It can be used to extract crisp conclusions regarding the higherorder theory of phenomenal consciousness developed in (McDermott, 2001, 2007). A key aspect of conscious perceptions is their connection to the distinction between appearance and reality. Perceptions must often be corrected. To do so requires that the logic of perception be able to represent the logical structure of judgment events, that is, to include the formulas of the logic as objects to be reasoned about. However, there is a limit to how finely humans can examine their own representations. Terms representing primary and secondary qualities seemed to be locked, so that the numbers (or levels of neural activation) that are their essence are not directly accessible. Humans feel a need to invoke “intrinsic,” “nonrelational” properties of many secondary qualities — their qualia — to “explicate” how we compare and discriminate among them, although this is not actually how the comparisons are accomplished. This model of qualia explains several things: It accounts for the difference between “normal” and “introspective” access to a perceptual module in terms of quotation. It dissolves Jackson’s knowledge argument by explaining what Mary learns as a fictional but undoubtable belief structure. It makes spectrum inversion logically impossible by providing a degree of freedom between the physical structure of the brain and the representations it contains that redescribes putative cases of spectrum inversion as alternative but equivalent ways of mapping physical states to representational states.
and Role in Memory Formation T Cells: Costimulatory Requirements + CD4A Closer Look at Homeostatic Proliferation of

2 Ag-speciﬁc proliferation of CD4 (cid:1) T cells is regulated, in part, by costimulatory signals through CD28. The proliferative response during primary activation is an important determinant of the ability of the T cell to respond to Ag re-encounter. Proliferation of mature CD4 (cid:1) T cells during lymphopenia (homeostatic proliferation) requires interaction with endogenous peptide MHC. How-ever, the role of costimulation during homeostatic proliferation is unclear, as is the ability of homeostatic proliferation to regulate secondary T cell responses. Using a TCR transgenic system and serial adoptive transfers we ﬁnd that homeostatic proliferation of CD4 (cid:1) T cells occurs for at least 5 wk after adoptive transfer into recombination-activating gene (RAG) (cid:2) / (cid:2) recipients. Two discrete populations of proliferating T cells can be resolved, one that is highly proliferative and dependent on CD28 signaling, and the other that contains cells undergoing low levels of CD28-independent proliferation. Importantly, naive CD4 (cid:1) T cells that have undergone homeostatic proliferation acquire both phenotypic and functional characteristics of true memory cells. These studies indicate that functional memory T cells can be generated by encounters with endogenous Ags only. This mechanism of T cell regeneration is possibly active during lymphopenia due to viral infections, such as HIV, transplantation, or cancer therapy, and may explain selected autoimmune diseases. The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 167: 3699–3707.
Potential for improving economic feasibility of autonomous robotic systems by using wireless charging systems

This research examines the economic viability of converting autonomous robotic systems to use wireless power transfer (WPT) for their dynamic charging during operation. Existing static robot charging models were compared to wireless charging, The analysis was made by developing Matlab model to analyse the process of charging autonomous service robots dynamically wirelessly versus statically by traditional means. The results demonstrated that wireless dynamic charging can potentially significantly increase the productivity for service robots and is economically feasible for the WPT technologies.
C.R. (2018) Learning and Action Alliance framework to facilitate stakeholder collaboration and social learning in urban flood risk management.

Flood and water management governance may be enhanced through partnership working, intra- and cross- organisational collaborations, and wide stakeholder participation. Nonetheless, barriers associated with ine ﬀ ective communication, fragmented responsibilities and ‘ siloed thinking ’ restrict open dialogue and discussion. The Learning and Action Alliance (LAA) framework may help overcome these barriers by enabling e ﬀ ective engagement through social learning, and facilitating targeted actions needed to deliver innovative solutions to environmental problems. By increasing the adaptive capacity of decision-makers and participants, social learning through LAAs may lead to concerted action and sustained processes of behavioural change. In this paper, we evaluate the LAA framework as a catalyst for change that supports collaborative working and facilitates transition to more sustainable ﬂ ood risk management. We use a case study in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK, to demonstrate how the LAA framework brought together disparate City stakeholders to co-produce new knowledge, negotiate innovative actions and, ultimately, work towards implementing a new vision for sustainable urban ﬂ ood risk management. The shared vision of Newcastle as a ‘ Blue-Green City ’ that emerged is founded on a strong platform for social learning which increased organisations ’ and individuals ’ capacities to manage dif- ferences in perspectives and behaviours, reframe knowledge, and make collective decisions based on negotiation and con ﬂ ict resolution. Broad recommendations based on lessons learned from the Newcastle LAA are presented to aid other cities and regions in establishing and running social learning platforms.
Protein Electrophoresis in Clinical Diagnosis

1. Protein Structure and Electrophoresis 2. Techniques for Protein Electrophoresis 3. Immunofixation, Immunosubtraction and Immunoselection Techniques 4. Proteins Identified by Serum Protein Electrophoresis 5. Approach to Pattern Interpretation in Serum 6. Conditions Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathies 7. Examination of Urine for Proteinuria 8. Approach to Pattern Interpretation in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) 9. Laboratory Strategies for Diagnosing Monoclonal Gammopathies 10.Case Studies for Interpretation
University of Birmingham Integrating omic technologies into aquatic ecological risk assessment and environmental monitoring

The consortium from government agencies, academia, and industry addressed three topics: progress in ecotoxicogenomics, regulatory perspectives on roadblocks for practical implementation of toxicogenomics into risk assessment, and dealing with variability in data sets. d iscussion : Participants noted that examples of successful application of omic technologies have been identified, but critical studies are needed to relate molecular changes to ecological adverse outcome. Participants made recommendations for the manage ment of technical and biological varia- tion. They also stressed the need for enhanced interdisciplinary training and communication as well as considerable investment into the generation and curation of appropriate reference omic data. c onclusions : The participants concluded that, although there are hurdles to pass on the road to regulatory acceptance, omics technologies are already useful for elucidating modes of action of toxi-cants and can contribute to the risk assessment process as part of a weight-of-evidence approach. Environ Health Perspect 118:1–5 (2010). doi:10.1289/ehp.0900985
Time Evolving Stucture of Alfvén Ion-Cyclotron Waves in GAMMA 10

A two-channel reflectometer has been developed and successfully applied to the GAMMA10 central cell to investigate the spatial structure of spontaneously excited Alfven ion-cyclotron (AIC) waves. At the frequencies of externally applied ICRF waves and AIC waves, good correlations of well above the statistical noise level are obtained between two density fluctuations at axially separated positions in the central cell. Density fluctuations at various radial positions and two axially separated positions show that the power distribution among the AIC waves changes much both in radial and axial directions especially in the earlier period just after the excitation and in the core region of r/a < 0.3. Phase differences of the AIC waves at axially separated positions show features of the transformation of the AIC waves from propagating to standing waves. The pass of the node of the standing wave is also observed. The time of the pass is different by AIC waves, which clearly indicates difference of the axial wavelengths of the simultaneously excited AIC waves.
Surface Layer Damage of Quartz Glass Induced by Ultra-Precision Grinding with Different Grit Size

Quartz glass is a typical hard and brittle material. During the manufacturing process of quartz glass components, ultra-precision grinding is widely used due to its high throughput and good dimensional accuracies. However, grinding will unavoidably induce large surface and subsurface damage. In this study, the surface and subsurface damage characteristics of quartz glass substrates ground by diamond wheels with different grit sizes were investigated in terms of surface roughness, surface topography, subsurface microcrack characteristic, and subsurface damage depth. Discussion was also provided to explore corresponding reasons of surface and subsurface damage induced by diamond grinding wheels with different grit sizes of #1500 and #2000. The experiment results showed that the surface roughness, surface damage, and subsurface damage depth induced by #2000 quartz glass was ground by #1500 diamond grinding wheel, and in ductile mode when ground by #2000 diamond grinding wheel.
I NSTITUTIONS AND D YNAMIC C APABILITIES : T HEORETICAL I NSIGHTS AND R ESEARCH A GENDA FOR S TRATEGIC E NTREPRENEURSHIP

The current paper aims to comparatively analyze both institutional and dynamic capabilities approaches conceptually in the context of strategic entrepreneurship. We offer a conceptual review, where strengths, as well as limitations of both theoretical approaches, are highlighted. Our review and discussion show that both approaches are subtly intertwined and can complement each other to further understanding of firm’s behavior including strategic entrepreneurship. Institutions provide templates for action and cognition in developing, managing, and utilizing dynamic capabilities in that context. Dynamic capabilities, as enablers of agency, can be expected to play a role in creating, maintaining, bridging, and disrupting institutions. The synthesis of institutional and dynamic capabilities approaches leads to a better understanding of agency, behavior, and structure in the context of strategic entrepreneurship. Finally, we also present a research agenda for strategic entrepreneurship that explores key concepts germane to both institutions and dynamic capabilities.
CCIDE_A_274669 377..389

Department of Surgical Sciences, Paediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy Purpose: Digital technologies have improved ways to perform aesthetic dentistry in the last few years. The aims of this survey were to investigate the most preferred way to preview the result of an aesthetic dental rehabilitation among a population of dental professionals and laypeople and to compare aesthetic standards of the general population and dentists in terms of the color of teeth for aesthetic dental rehabilitations. Patients and Methods: A questionnaire was sent to the subjects (dentists and laypeople) during a 1-year period and, together with their demographic data, different ways to preview the result of an aesthetic rehabilitation were submitted, such as digital smile design, dental wax-up and oral explanation. Furthermore, an additional section of the questionnaire investigated the most suitable color for an aesthetic rehabilitation based on the colors of the VITA Scale. Results were statistically analyzed (with Chi-square of independence and Mann– Whitney U-test) highlighting differences of answers based on age groups, educational attainment, gender, and belonging or not to the dental field. Results: Findings showed that digital smile design (digital preview) is a high-appreciated method for previewing and communicating with patients both by dental professionals and laypeople. Furthermore, lighter colors were found to be more valued by laypeople and significant differences were highlighted between the two populations assessed. Conclusion: It seems to be viable to use digital preview for dentists and laypeople to improve previewing and communicating ways. It might be advisable to better motivate patients in recognizing aesthetical features and to raise their awareness in preferring more mimetic aesthetic results. Great opportunities are opened up by digital smile design in teaching, learning, and routine practice.