Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Related Research on “The Belt and Road” Initiative Based on Big Data Text Mining: Taking the Domestic Area and the Korean Peninsula as an Example

As one of the core contents of China, “The Belt and Road” is very necessary to analyze the impact and significance of “The Belt and Road” on the domestic areas and Korean Peninsula areas in the context of big data. The text mining method was used to extract the core content and hot topics from the news reports of “The Belt and Road” in China and the Korean Peninsula in recent domestic and international news data. Using the unique attributes of public opinion media and news reports. Focusing on the key theme of “The Belt and Road”, using clustering algorithm and TF-IDF method, combined with LDA topic model, the structure and content of the theme are analyzed in detail on the pre-built big data analysis platform. The establishment of a big data platform and the use of TF-IDF and LDA topic models have improved the efficiency of data analysis. On the domestic front, the eastward extension of “The Belt and Road” is imperative and the prospects are clearer. On the Korean Peninsula, its own security situation is the core issue, and the United States is the biggest drag factor. In the future, it is necessary to focus on the common focus and solve the problem.
Modelling HIV transmission and control among men who have sex with men in the United Kingdom

Background and objectives Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain one of the groups with the highest HIV prevalence in the UK. The goal of this study is to help inform appropriate health policy by investigating the contribution to HIV transmission of various MSM subgroups and estimating the impacts of alternative HIV control measures. The future course of the epidemic is also projected. Methods Research questions were addressed through the use of rigorous data analysis and a partnership-based HIV transmission model that takes into account key MSM and HIV heterogeneities and intervention effects. The model was fitted and validated against the observed data and reported estimates of various types. Sensitivity analyses were conducted throughout the study to assess the effects of parameter uncertainty. Results Without additional interventions, the estimated 44,000 UK MSM living with HIV in 2013 could increase to around 52,000 men by the end of the decade, with around 2,400 new infections each year. The key group sustaining HIV transmission was the higher-sexual activity MSM aged below 35 years living with undiagnosed asymptomatic HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with 44% efficacy and 100% coverage would prevent approximately 10,000 cases (59% of total incidence) over 2014–2020. Simultaneously offering PrEP, expanding HIV testing, and initiating a test-and-treat programme in 25% of different target populations could save around 7,400 UK MSM from HIV. An extreme increase in unsafe sex and number of sexual partners would greatly reduce the incidence reduction but is unlikely to completely negate the prevention benefit. Conclusion Increasing HIV testing uptake should remain the core of the national HIV/AIDS strategy, but a combination of HIV prevention interventions are also necessary to enhance the overall performance of HIV control measures. Combining a program to expand HIV testing with other novel interventions, such as test-and-treat and PrEP, has a great potential to save thousands of UK MSM from HIV and become the key HIV prevention initiatives in the UK.
MLE and Bayesian Methods to Analyze Data with Missing Values Below the Limit of Detection

As pesticides are widely used in agriculture, more and more people who work at places like farm are exposed to the pesticides. According to enviroment researches [Villarejo; 2003; Reigart and Roberts; 1999], being exposed to some kind of pesticides like Organophosphorus (OP) insecticides has significantly effected the health of farmworkers and their family. The actual level of pesticides can be detected with some limitation for now. However, it is hard to detect when the level is below the limit of detection (LOD). Therefore, the goal of our research is to propose several different methods to analyze data with missing values below the LOD. In Chapter 1, we apply two methods to analyze a variable with missing values below the LOD, we propose the zero-inflated lognormal to model the variable and apply the maximum likelihood method and the Bayesian Gibbs sampler method to analyze the data. In Chapter 2, we conduct the regression analysis with a predictor having missing values below the LOD. We propose four methods. Two naive methods include "delete missing values" method and "impute a fixed value to missing values" method. The other two methods are the "maximum likelihood method" and the "Bayesian Gibbs sampler" method. Based on the estimation results, we find that the performance of the "Gibbs sampler" method is better than all other methods for each of the parameter. The "Gibbs sampler" method provides lower biases and standard errors, and better coverage probabilities. The performance may be due to the Bayesian hierarchical structure and the nature of the MCMC sampling, which allow to borrow all information from multiple levels to inform unknown quantities.
Stimulation of the Reproductive Functions at Acyclic Cows by Ovsynch and PRID/ eCG

The aim of our work was to compare the efficiency of two programs for induction and synchronization of estrus and ovulations in acyclic cows (Ovsynch and gestagene program (PRID) + eCG). At the first lot, of 63 cows, 2 mL Ovorelin (100 mcg GnRH), were administrated (0 day), in the 7 th day 0.500 mg Cloprostenol were administered, in the 9 th day 100 mcg GnRH were administered and after 16 hours artificial insemination was performed. At the 41 cows in the second lot, PRID (1.55g Progesteron) were inserted (0 day), in the 7 th day 0.500 mcg Cloprostenol were administrated, in the 8 th day PRID were redraw and 500 UI eCG were administrated, after 56 hours artificial insemination was preformed and 100 mcg GnRH were administrated. After 60 days from the artificial insemination 20 cows (31.7%) of from the first lot and 16 cows (39%) from the second lot, were diagnosed as pregnant, the differences are significant (p <0.05). Both protocols used for stimulation of reproductive function in acyclic cows is inducing the grouping of the oestrous and ovulations, which allows the fixed term insemination. The oestrus inducing programme with progestagene (PRID) and eCG induction seams more efficient in acyclic cows.
Optimal Power Flow Incorporating Frequency Security Constraint

Optimal power flow (OPF) minimizes the production cost, while satisfying the constraints on the system, such as real and reactive power balance, equipment capability constraints, and voltage limits. This article presents a method of incorporating a frequency security constraint within the framework of the OPF problem. Increasing displacement of conventional generation by renewable resources that contribute little or no frequency regulation capability may necessitate the enforcement of such a constraint to meet frequency security requirements. The system frequency is required to be maintained within a safe limit, thus indicating the balance between generation and consumption. Hence, the solution for optimization of power flow should not only present a minimum cost of generation within the operating conditions, but also ensure frequency stability. In order to obtain this solution, the requirement of frequency stability is introduced as a new constraint of the power dispatch problem and is represented by the maximum frequency deviation limit. This new constraint is constructed as a nonlinear function of system inertia and the frequency regulation constant, since frequency deviation is highly sensitive to these factors. It is shown that the inclusion of this constraint causes the OPF to preferentially select higher inertia generators as necessary, to satisfy the frequency security requirement. A genetic algorithm is utilized as the optimization tool in this article. The IEEE RTS-79 test system is used to demonstrate efficacy of the proposed method.
Realized Variance Modeling: Decoupling Forecasting from Estimation*

In this paper we evaluate the in-sample fit and out-of-sample forecasts of various combinations of realized variance models and estimation criteria . Our empirical findings highlight that: independently of the econometricianâ€™s forecasting loss function, certain estimation criteria perform significantly better than others; the simple ARMA modeling of the log realized variance generates superior forecasts than the HAR family, for any of the forecasting loss functions considered; the (2,1) parameterizations with negative lag-2 coefficient emerge as the benchmark specifications generating the best forecasts and approximating long-run dependence as well as the HAR family.
Evaluation of the Influence of Climate Variability on Forest Ecosystem

In this study the response of forest ecosystem to climate variability in Lake Manyara catchment is evaluated. Variations in forest ecosystem vegetation greenness affect the carbon cycles and energy ﬂuxes through photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. Analysis of forest ecosystem changes can provide quantitative information on the influence of climate variability on the region. The study relates forest ecosystem vegetation greenness information derived from Moderate resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to rainfall variability as influenced by the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The study has detected that the trend of vegetation condition using NDVI exhibit a strong relationship with rainfall distribution. The study suggests that, remote sensing may be applied to evaluate and monitor forest ecosystem status dynamics in relation to climate change as long as there is availability of free satellite datasets. Keywords: Forest ecosystem, NDVI, Climate Variability
‘The Storying Spiral’: a narrative-dramatic approach to life story therapy with adoptive/foster families and traumatised children

ABSTRACT ‘The Storying Spiral’ is a new model called ‘Theatre of Attachment’, used with fostered or adopted children in their homes. It focuses on encouraging communication through dramatic play. Examples from the author’s original doctoral research [Moore, J. (2018). Using story and drama with adoptive and foster families in their homes (unpublished PhD, Leeds Beckett University)] illustrate how trauma symptoms can be reduced and positive attachment encouraged through dramatization of scenes from the children’s past life. The model grew from the author’s earlier work [Moore J. (2006). Theatre of attachment; using drama to facilitate attachment in adoption. Adoption and Fostering, 30 (2), 64–73]. As the study children were aged 6–9 years, to show how this intervention works with older children a case study demonstrates its application with a 13-year-old boy. The approach was effective in significantly reducing his trauma symptoms, raising his self-esteem and securing his attachment to long-term foster carers.
Dynamical Modeling and Control of Modular Snake Robots With Series Elastic Actuators for Pedal Wave Locomotion on Uneven Terrain

This paper introduces the equations of motion of modular 2D snake robots moving in vertical plane employing Series Elastic Actuators (SEAs). The kinematics of such 2D modular snake robot is presented in an efficient matrix form and Euler–Lagrange equations are constructed to model the robot. Moreover, using a spring-damper contact model, external contact forces, necessary for modeling pedal wave motion (undulation in the vertical plane) are taken into account, which unlike existing methods can be used to model the effect of multiple contact points. Using such a contact model, pedal wave motion of the robot is simulated and the torque signal measured by the elastic element from the simulation and experimentation are used to show the validity of the model. Moreover, pedal wave locomotion of such robot on uneven terrain is also modeled and an adaptive controller based on torque feedback in gait parameter's space with optimized control gain is proposed. The simulation and experimentation results showed the efficacy of the proposed controller as the robot successfully climbed over a stair-type obstacle without any prior knowledge about its location with at least 24.8% higher speed compared with non-adaptive motion.
The Evolution of Interfacial Microstructure and Fracture Behavior of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced 2024 Al Composites at High Temperature

The short carbon fiber reinforced 2024 Al composites were fabricated through powder metallurgy. The effect of short carbon fiber content on the interfacial microstructure and fracture behavior of the composites at different temperatures were investigated. The results showed that the dislocation accumulation was formed in the aluminum matrix due to the thermal expansion mismatch between carbon fiber and aluminum matrix. With the testing temperature increasing, the size of interfacial product Al4C3 and precipitates Al2Cu became larger, and the segregation of Al2Cu was found coarsening around Al4C3. The addition of short carbon fiber improved the hardness and modulus of the aluminum matrix in the vicinity of the interface between carbon fiber and aluminum matrix. Compared to the matrix 2024 Al, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composites first increased and then decreased with increasing short carbon fiber content at room temperature 423 Kand 523 K. The fracture surface of the composites at room temperature was characterized by shear failure of fiber, while the interface debonding and fiber pulled-out became predominant fracture morphologies for the fracture surface at increased temperatures.
Investigation of a Small Landslide in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by InSAR and Absolute Deformation Model

Landslides are one of the major geohazards in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and have recently increased in both frequency and size. SAR interferometry (InSAR) has been widely applied in landslide research, but studies on monitoring small-scale landslides are rare. In this study, we investigated the performance of Small Baseline Subsets method (SBAS) in monitoring small-scale landslide and further developed a new deformation model to obtain the absolute deformation time series. The results showed that SBAS could well capture the small-scale landslide characteristics including spatiotemporal abnormal displacement and progressive failure processes. The newly developed absolute deformation model further detected the process of landslide details, such as instances of noticeable creeps induced by rainfall and snowmelt. Finally, a conceptual model of the kinematics-based failure mechanism for small-scale landslide was proposed. This study extended the monitoring capability of InSAR and improved our knowledge on the deformation in the frozen ground regions.
Raman spectra of tridymite modifications: MC, MX–1, and PO–10

In order to facilitate identi ﬁ cation of tridymite modi ﬁ cations using micro – Raman spectroscopy, the Raman spectra of synthetic and natural tridymite modi ﬁ cations (MC, MX – 1, and PO – 10) including low frequency region ( ν = 15 – 200 cm − 1 ) are measured. The Raman spectrum of MX – 1 is reported for the ﬁ rst time. All modi ﬁ cations revealed the characteristic peaks below 150 cm − 1 . Using the compiled Raman spectra, tridymite modi ﬁ cations of the reported Raman spectra from meteorites in the literature were identi ﬁ ed. It revealed that not only MC, but PO – 10 modi ﬁ cation exists in the meteorites.
Parameters Design and Optimization of a High Frequency, Interleaved, Dual-Buck, Bidirectional, Grid-Connected Converter

In this paper, a high frequency, interleaved, dual-buck, bidirectional, grid-connected converter topology is proposed. Free from the straight-through and dead-time distortion issues, both higher switching frequency and power density can be achieved. Due to the interleaved technique, the current ripple and stress for inductors and other power devices can be effectively reduced. Moreover, a novel filter parameter design method is proposed. The method is optimized with smaller inductance, higher filtering performance, and better steady-state performance. For one thing, the performance requirements under the two states of inverter and rectifier are comprehensively considered. For another, the relationship between the performance indexes and the filter parameters is analyzed. However, the results show that the relationship between the performance indexes is contradictory. A set of optimization parameters were obtained by setting the priority of the filter performance index. The specific design process of the filter parameters is given in detail. In order to verify the rationality of the parameter design, a 5 kW prototype was built and tested. The total harmonic distortions (THDs) of the grid currents in the among grid-connected inverter, off-connected inverter, and rectifier states under full load were 2.7%, 1.2%, and 4.5%, respectively, and the power density reached 36 W/in3.
Micropore Structural Heterogeneity of Siliceous Shale Reservoir of the Longmaxi Formation in the Southern Sichuan Basin, China

In recent years, the shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin has achieved great commercial development, and the Silurian Longmaxi Formation is the main development stratum. In order to solve the problems of great difference production and inaccurate gas content of the Longmaxi Formation shale gas field in the southern Sichuan Basin, based on thin section identification, argon ion polishing-field emission scanning electron microscopy, high pressure mercury injection, low temperature nitrogen adsorption and the fractal method, the micropore structural heterogeneity of the siliceous shale reservoir of the Longmaxi Formation has been studied. The results show the following: The pores of siliceous shale are mainly intergranular pores and organic pores. Image analysis shows that there are obvious differences in size and distribution of shale pores among different types. The micropore structural heterogeneity is as follows: intragranular pore > intergranular pore > organic pore. In the paper, the combination of low temperature nitrogen adsorption method and high-pressure mercury injection method is proposed to characterize the micropore size distribution and fractal dimension, which ensures the credibility of pore heterogeneity. The shale pores are mainly composed of mesopores (2–20 nm), followed by macropores (100–300 nm). For different pore sizes, the fractal dimension from large to small is mesopore, micropore and macropore. Shale pore structure and fractal dimension are correlated with mineral composition and total organic carbon (TOC) content, but the correlation is significantly different in different areas, being mainly controlled by the sedimentary environment and diagenesis.
Solutions to Reduce Leakage Current and Extend the Operating Range of Power Factor for a Single-Phase Full-Bridge Inverter with DC Bypass

Abstract A full bridge inverter with DC bypass (FB-DCBP) topology is not only capable of withstanding twice as much voltage stress as FB structure but also alleviates the leakage current that the FB registers. However, the improvement in leakage current of the FB-DCBP depends on the parameter consistency of the DCBP circuit such as the propagation time of the photocoupler and the turn-on and turn-off times of the power transistors. The parameter inconsistency of the DCBP circuit would incur asymmetric operation that causes two unequal clamping voltages and worsens the leakage current. In addition, because the clamping diodes of FB-DCBP are not controllable, a slight phase lead/lag in AC current with respect to grid voltage would result in PWM failure and deteriorate AC power quality and leakage current. To balance the clamping voltages on the DC capacitors, a duty ratio compensator (DRC) is presented to cope with the overdischarged DC capacitor due to the inconsistency in DCBP circuit. To further avert malfunction in PWM voltage, an improved topology with two MOSFETs in place of the clamping diodes of FB-DCBP is presented. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
Oxygen Gettering Cap to Scavenge Parasitic Oxide Interlayer in TiSi Contacts

Presence of a native oxide interlayer degrades seriously the contact resistivity (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho _{{\text {c}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of co-deposited TiSi (CD-TiSi) on Si:P. The oxide cannot be scavenged by the CD-TSi due to its low solid solubility of O. We tackle the problem by capping the CD-TiSi with an O gettering cap. Utilizing a Ti cap and two-step post-metal rapid thermal anneal, we reduce the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho _{{\text {c}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the CD-TiSi on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${2}\times {10}^{{21}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{-{3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> doped Si:P by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sim }{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> times, down to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sim }{2} \times {10}^{-{9}}\,\,\Omega \cdot \text {cm}^{{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. We also demonstrate efficiency of a La cap to scavenge the oxide.
The development of an efficient ornithopter wing

Abstract Analysis and testing have been used to develop a flapping wing which can efficiently produce lift and thrust for ornithopter flight. With the assumption that the only imposed motion is dihedral flapping at its root, the wing's spanwise distribution of pitching and bending is due to its aeroelastic response. Numerical studies revealed criteria for efficient designs, which then guided the development and construction of an example wing tested in a windtunnel. The experimental results for average thrust and lift compared very favourably with the theoretical predictions, confirming that such aeroelastically tailored designs provide a means for achieving mechanical flapping-wing flight.
A Hybrid Pipelined Architecture for High Performance Top-K Sorting on FPGA

We present a hybrid pipelined sorting architecture capable of finding and producing as its output the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> largest elements from an input sequence. The architecture consists of a bitonic sorter and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cascaded sorting units. The sorting unit is designed to output <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P$ </tex-math></inline-formula> elements during every cycle with the aim of increasing the throughput and lowering the latency. The function of the bitonic sorter is to generate a segmented ordered sequence. The sorting unit processes this sequence to identify and output the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P$ </tex-math></inline-formula> largest elements. Hence, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K = PL$ </tex-math></inline-formula> largest elements are obtained after the segmented ordered sequence proceeds through <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cascaded sorting units. Variable-length and continuous sequences are supported by the proposed sorting architecture. The results of the implementation show that the sorting architecture can achieve a throughput of 22.88 GB/s with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P = 16$ </tex-math></inline-formula> on a state-of-the-art Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).