Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Engineering for Research and Development

Abstract: Research and development (RD 2) reduced cost; 3) improved quality; 4) increased reliability; and 5) increased focus on customer needs. Recent advances in computer technology and the Internet have created a new paradigm of collaborative engineering or collaborative product development (CPD) , from which new types of relationships among researchers and their partners have emerged. Research into the applicability and benefits of CPD in a low/no production, R&D, and/or government environment is limited. In addition, the supply chain management (SCM) aspects of these relationships have not been studied. This paper presents research conducted at the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) investigating the applicability of CPD and SCM in an R&D organization. The study concentrates on the management and implementation of space research activities at GRC. Results indicate that although the organization is engaged in collaborative relationships that incorporate aspects of SCM, a number of areas, such as development of trust and information sharing merit special attention.
Evaluation of CMM for flatness measurements

Coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is a universal measuring instrument in dimensional metrology. However, the CMM has many sources of errors and deviations that affect its precision and accuracy. Unfortunately, the accuracy of flatness measurement by the CMM is not studied which is very important feature in metrology and industry at present time. A method is introduced to evaluate the accuracy of the flatness measurement of the Zeiss CMM based on flatness measurement of an optical flat. The flatnesses of the optical flat are measured by four different techniques using the CMM. Moreover, the effects of CMM head probe’s scanning speed and step width on flatness measurements are examined separately in special measuring subroutines. The flatness of the optical flat surfaces are calibrated using Zygo phase shifting interferometer since it is used as reference for this study. The experimental results show that the CMM’s probing points technique can be used for accurate measurements of flatness.
A Brief History of the Business Model Concept

Business models have been intimately connected with e-business since the rise of the Internet during the late 1990’s. Kodama (1999) and Hedman & Kalling 2003 provide early reviews of the business model concept as seen around the dot.com era and the rise of the e-business model, while a more recent account of events and developments can be found in Fielt’s 2014 review.
Digital Mobile Communications and the TETRA System

Principles of Digital Mobile Radio. Public Digital Mobile Radio Systems and Environment. The Private Mobile Radio Environment. An Overview of the TETRA System. TETRA System Architecture, Components and Services. The Physical Layer. The Data Link Layer. TETRA Network Layer Protocols. Operational Aspects of the TETRA Network. Appendices. Index.
18S rRNA, a potential reference gene in the qRT-PCR measurement of bisphenol A contamination in green mussels (Perna viridis) collected from the Gulf of Thailand

Normalization of reference genes through the selection of appropriate housekeeping genes is important for the reliable quantification of mRNA analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The suitability of various housekeeping genes (HKGs), were valuated as internal references to verify the levels of the contaminant bisphenol A (BPA, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane) by determining the level of gene expression of cytochrome P450 4 ( cyp4 ) within the digestive gland of green mussels ( Perna viridis )—a species used for biomonitoring environmental levels. Additionally, the effect was explored of mussel gender and maturity status (juvenile or mature) on the stability of the expression of the reference genes. Three candidate HKGs were examined, namely 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and β-actin . The expression stability was calculated using three statistical approaches—NormFinder, BestKeeper and a comparative threshold cycle (Ct) method. The study found that of the three candidate reference genes, 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA were the most stable with no significant differences when maturity, gender and exposure to BPA were considered. It was noted that when these genes ( 18S rRNA , 28S rRNA , β-actin ) were used for normalization using animals exposed to 10 ng BPA and the qRT-PCR method, different levels of cyp4 expression were observed. However, BPA significantly decreased the expression levels of cyp4 compared to the control (animals not exposed to BPA), only when 18S rRNA was used as an internal reference. These results highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate reference genes as the endogenous control in qRT-PCR in biomonitoring programs of BPA.
PENGARUH PANGSA PASAR, RASIO LEVERAGE, INTENSITAS MODAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM DI SALATIGA

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pangsa pasar, rasio leverage, intensitas modal terhadap profitabilitas koperasi simpan pinjam di Salatiga. Penelitian ini dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 51 koperasi simpan pinjam di Salatiga dengan kriteria koperasi yang menjadi sampel adalah yang secara rutin memberikan laporan keuangan ke Dinas koperasi dan UKM Salatiga dan memiliki kriteria tingkat kesehatan sehat. Tingkat profitabilitas diukur dari Return On Equity (ROE) dan Return On Asset (ROA), Pangsa Pasar diukur dari perbandingan pemberian kredit dengan total kredit yang diberikan, rasio leverage diukur dari total debt to total assets (perbandingan total hutang dengan total aktiva), sedangkan intensitas modal diukur dari perbandingan jumlah pemberian kredit dengan total asset. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pangsa pasar, rasio leverage dan intensitas modal secara bersama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return on asset dan return on equity atau profitabilitas, namun demikian secara individu rasio leverage, intensitas modal tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return on asset dan return on equity atau profitabilitas. Hal ini dapat dijelaskan tingkat hutang tinggi namun tidak dapat disalurkan . Saran dari penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan dengan menambah variable dalam penelitian dan sampel yang diambil tidak terbatas pada kriteria koperasi simpan pinjam yang sehat. Kata Kunci: ROA,ROE, Pangsa Pasar, Rasio Leverage, Intensitas Modal
Is an alibi a paper shield? An investigation of the factors that influence alibi credibility judgments

Alibis are a potentially powerful piece of evidence for innocence, but examination of criminal cases suggests that honestly offered alibis may fail to prevent wrongful convictions. Currently, little is known regarding how evaluators judge the credibility of alibis. Three studies investigated the effect of alibi moral desirability, suspect race (White/Indigenous Canadian), alibi evidence strength, and Authoritarianism on participants’ legal judgments. Participants read a fictitious police file (Experiment 1: N = 300; Experiment 2: N = 286) or newspaper article (Experiment 3: N =235) and rated a male suspect’s/defendant’s statement honesty, alibi accuracy, and the likelihood of his guilt, among other dependent measures, then completed the Authoritarianism-Conservatism-Traditionalism scale (ACT; Duckitt et al., 2010) and, in Experiment 3, the Revised Religious Life Inventory (Hills et al., 2005). In Experiments 1 and 2, participants were asked to sign a petition supporting the suspect. Results indicated that providing an alibi can be beneficial or detrimental to the suspect, depending on contextual factors and the narrative itself. In Experiments 1 and 2, alibi moral desirability affected participants’ responses, though different patterns emerged at Ryerson and at Iowa State, and moral desirability influenced judgments primarily for the Indigenous suspect. Consistent with Olson and Wells’ (2004) taxonomy, Experiment 1 showed that the strength of the physical evidence supporting an alibi is a primary determinant of judgments of its credibility. In Experiment 3, participants provided less favourable ratings for the Indigenous defendant than the White defendant, particularly when they already had more negative general feelings about Indigenous people, though this was not found in Experiment 2. More participants signed the petition when the alibi was morally desirable at Iowa State, and for the Indigenous suspect. Across all studies, higher scores on the ACT’s Authoritarianism subscale were associated with responses that were less favourable for the suspect/defendant, and many participants did not accurately define the term “alibi. ” Understanding the complexities of decision-making in this context will help us better understand why some (honest) alibis are rejected, and how stereotypes and assumptions regarding the alibi provider may lead to bias in the investigation and adjudication of criminal cases.
Screening and identification of significant genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by bioinformatical analysis

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers with notably high incidence and mortality rates. However, the molecular mechanism underlying ESCC pathogenesis and prognosis is very complicated. The main objective of our investigation has been to obtain some knowledge of significant genes with poor outcome and their underlying mechanisms.Methods: Gene expression profiles of GSE26886, GSE23400, GSE20347 and GSE17351 were available from GEO database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and function enrichment analyses were performed. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed and the module analysis was performed using STRING and Cytoscape software.Results: A total of 105 DEGs were identified between normal esophagus and ESCC bioinformatical analysis samples. Functional annotations of the common DEGs indicate that extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling plays a key role in tumor formation and progression.18 hub genes were identified and disease free survival analysis showed that CDKN3, RAD51AP1, KIF4A may be involved in poor prognosis in ESCC patients.Conclusions: DEGs and hub genes identified in the present study help us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis and progression of ESCC, and provide candidate targets for diagnosis and treatment of ESCC.
Wideband coaxial cable transfer impedance for Karroo Array Telescope

Through the Karoo Array Telescope, and its extension MeerKAT, South Africa is demonstrating its capabilities to host the most powerful radio telescope ever, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). This new interferometer is intended to assist radio astronomers in unlocking the mysteries concealed in the far regions of the universe. A thorough investigation of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) sources at each stage of the design becomes relevant for the success of the project. The electromagnetic coupling through coaxial cables is the main focus of this thesis since 90% of the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) problems come from inadequate system layout and grounding, where cabling plays the major role. Interest revolves around better noise immunity, low radiation and cost. Transfer impedance (ZT ) and shielding effectiveness (SE) are used as the cable selection criteria. Several measurements of coaxial cables identified on KAT-7 have been performed for ZT characterisation from 300 kHz up to 1.3 GHz. A current injection method is used to identify the ZT for the low frequency region. We derived the high frequency part of ZT , with a reverberation chamber technique (RC) measuring shielding effectiveness. At first, we calibrated the RC according to the relevant IEC 61000-4-21 standard and evaluated the result with an Open Area Test Site (OATS) E-field estimation. The accuracy of the E-field within the chamber is also addressed, based on statistical analysis of the chamber’s independent samples. The OATS E-field equivalent determination showed a good correlation with the OATS E-field data of a standard radiator. A coaxial air-line ZT verified the theoretical ZT model within 7 dB and showed the expected 20 dB/decade slope variation. Furthermore, the braiding porpoising effect has been noticed with some cable samples. Here, a variation less than 20 dB/decade occurs at lower frequency. Then, the slope changes to 20 dB/decade at high frequency. This study illustrates a practical comparison of cable performance and constitutes a first approach to RFI mitigation of the MeerKAT cabling system. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
Optimasi Proses Pemesinan Milling Fitur Pocket Material Baja Karbon Rendah Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology

Milling process is one of machining process mostly used to manufacture a component. In machining a component, to achieve higher production capacity, machining time should be minimized by increasing material rate removal. However, higher material rate removal will cause higher surface roughness. For that reason, machining parameter of milling process must be optimized. This research aims to develop mathematical model which can describe the relation between step over and depth of cut with surface roughness and machining time for two cut types. Subsequently, the purpose of this research is to find the combination of step over and depth of cut which resulting the maximum material rate removal and the minimum surface roughness. Milling process in this research is performed to machine a pocket feature of low carbon steel with dimension of 20 mm x 20 mm x 1 mm. To find the optimum milling parameter, the response surface methodology is used. Based on the optimization results, recommended step over and depth of cut is 6.7582 mm and 0.22 mm. By implementing this parameter, the achieved material rate removal and surface roughness for zig-zag cut type is 9.619 mm³/s and 1.5124 μm. Meanwhile, for spiral cut type the achieved material rate removal and surface roughness is 8.981 mm³/s dan 1.3824 μm. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia: Proses pemesinan milling merupakan salah satu proses pemesinan yang banyak digunakan untuk pembuatan suatu komponen. Dalam proses pemesinan milling waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat komponen harus seminimal mungkin agar tercapai kapasitas produksi yang tinggi. Parameter proses pemotongan yang maksimum akan menghasilkan laju pemakanan material (MRR) yang tinggi namun juga mengakibatkan kekasaran permukaan (Ra) yang tinggi pula. Oleh karena itu, parameter proses pemesinan milling yang optimum perlu untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan model matematis yang dapat menggambarkan hubungan antara kedalaman pemotongan dan pergeseran pahat dengan kekasaran permukaan dan waktu pemakanan material untuk dua macam cut type. Setelah itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mencari kombinasi kedalaman potong dan pergeseran pahat untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum yaitu MRR yang paling tinggi dan Ra yang paling rendah. Proses pemesinan milling pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada sebuah fitur pocket material baja karbon rendah dengan dimensi P x L x T adalah 20 mm x 20 mm x 1 mm. Dalam penelitian ini metode optimasi yang digunakan adalah Response Surface Methodology. Dari hasil optimasi diperoleh bahwa pergeseran pahat dan kedalaman potong yang memberikan respon MRR dan Ra yang optimal berturut-turut adalah 6,7582 mm dan 0,22 mm. Dengan menggunakan parameter proses tersebut, nilai MRR dan Ra yang didapatkan untuk zig-zag cut type adalah 9,619 mm³/detik dan 1,5124 μm sedang untuk spiral cut type adalah 8,981 mm³/detik dan 1,3824 μm. Kata kunci: Optimasi, milling, baja karbon rendah, response surface methodology.
Moving Target Detector (Mod II)

Abstract : Under FAA sponsorship, MIT/Lincoln Laboratory has developed a second generation, field operable Moving Target Detection System (MTD-II) which has been tested at operational FAA terminal and enroute radar sites, and serves as the basis for the ASR-9 MTD technical performance specifications. This summary report covers the period October, 1976 through September, 1979 in which design, development, field testing and system performance evaluation were carried out. Report No. FAA-RD-76-190, ATC-69, 'Description and Performance Evaluation of the Moving Target Detector' dated 8 March 1977, serves as the technical foundation of this work. MTD-processing design modifications were effected to handle conditions of excessive ground clutter and moving ground traffic. The rationale for the modified algorithms is provided, and measured performance characteristics at several FAA field sites are discussed. (Author)
Li‐ion battery performance and degradation in electric vehicles under different usage scenarios

Lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) batteries are well known as an efficient energy storage solution for plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). However, performance and state of health of these batteries strictly depends on the usage scenario including operating temperature, power demand profile, and control strategy imposed by the battery management system. Also, in PHEVs equipped with electric climate control systems, climate control loads are imposed as additional loads on the battery, which results in a reduced all‐electric range (AER) and increased battery capacity degradation. In this paper, vehicle AER, and fuel economy and life degradation of an aftermarket LiFePO4 Li‐ion battery cell are studied for a PHEV under several usage scenarios. Each scenario consists of a series and parallel PHEV powertrain layout developed in Autonomie software, climate condition, that is, hot and cold weather, and a daily driving and charging profile. For simulations, models of battery performance, heat generation, and degradation developed based on experimental results are integrated with a thermal vehicle cabin model. Impact of climate control loads and battery thermal preconditioning are incorporated in the simulations. It is observed that climate control loads significantly affect the AER (up to 20%), fuel economy (up to 65%), and battery degradation (up to 25%). On the other hand, thermal preconditioning could be used to reduce these impacts. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social media analysis for disaster management

People use social networks, with increasing frequency, to communicate and publish status information. Twitter and Facebook are prominent examples. This status information contains useful, disaster related data together with an overwhelming amount of noise. For this reason, there are dedicated tools that filter this information to aid in disaster discovery, management and relief. Their development requires a lot of time and effort, which results in high costs. Generic visual analytics tools are relatively well known, supported and continuously developed by large companies. They may be a valid alternative to specifically developed tools that require specific, non-transferable training. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate generic visual analytics tools with respect to their ability to handle disaster management scenarios. This includes, specifically, their ability to visualise and analyse the geospatial meta information provided by social media.
Handbook of manufacturing engineering

Product and factory development: product development product design factory requirements factory design human elements in the factory computers and controllers. Factory operations: practical cost estimating for manufacturing product tooling and equipment computer-aided process planning work measurement control of production and materials control of quality. Parts fabrication: principles of structural mechanics materials characteristics of metals conventional fabrication
A Methodology for Building Service-Oriented Applications in the Presence of Non-Functional Properties

This thesis presents piSOD-M (Policy-based Service Oriented Development Methodology), a methodology for modeling reliable service-based applications using policies. It proposes a model driven method with: (i) a set of meta-models for representing non-functional constraints associated to service-based applications, starting from an use case model until a service composition model; (ii) a platform providing guidelines for expressing the composition and the policies; (iii) model-to-model and model-to-text transformation rules for semi-automatizing the implementation of reliable service-based applications; and (iv) an environment that implements these meta-models and rules, and enables the application of ⇡SOD-M. This thesis also presents a classification and nomenclature for non-functional requirements for developing service-oriented applications. Our approach is intended to add value to the development of service-oriented applications that have quality requirements needs. This work uses concepts from the service-oriented development, non-functional requirements design and model-driven development areas to propose a solution that minimizes the problem of reliable service modeling. Some examples are developed as proof of concepts.
Characterization and Classification of Internet Backbone Traffic

We contribute to an improved understanding of Internet traffic characteristics by measuring and analyzing modern Internet backbone data. We start the thesis with an overview of several important considerations for passive Internet traffic collection on large-scale network links. The lessons learned from a successful measurement project on academic Internet backbone links can serve as guidelines to others setting up and performing similar measurements. The data from these measurements are the basis for the analyses made in this thesis. As a first result we present a detailed characterization of packet headers, which reveals protocol-specific features and provides a systematic survey of packet header anomalies. The packet-level analysis is followed by a characterization on the flow-level, where packets are correlated according to their communication endpoints. We propose a method and accompanying metrics to assess routing symmetry on a flow-level based on passive measurements. This method will help to improve traffic analysis techniques. We used the method on our data, and the results suggest that routing symmetry is uncommon on non- edge Internet links. We then confirm the predominance of TCP as the transport protocol in backbone traffic. However, we observe an increase of UDP traffic during the last few years, which we attribute to P2P signaling traffic. We also analyze further flow characteristics such as connection establishment and termination behavior, which reveals differences among traffic from various classes of applications. These results show that there is a need to make a more detailed analysis, i.e., classification of traffic according to network application. To accomplish this, we review state-of-the-art traffic classification approaches and subsequently propose two new methods. The first method provides a payload-independent classification of aggregated traffic based on connection patterns. This provides a rough traffic decomposition in a privacy sensitive way. Second, we present a classification method for fine-grained protocol identification by utilizing statistical packet and flow features. Preliminary results indicate that this method is capable of accurate classification in a simple and efficient way. We conclude the thesis by discussing limitations in current Internet measurement research. Considering the role of the Internet as a critical infrastructure of global importance, a detailed understanding of Internet traffic is essential. This thesis presents methods and results contributing additional perspectives on global Internet characteristics at different levels of granularity.