Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictable repeatability issues with GeneXpert-Xpert MTB/RIF (version 4) derived rifampicin resistant tuberculosis results from South India: Appreciating the limits of a technological marvel!

Background: GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), the fully automated cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test for simultaneous identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance (RR), directly from samples is considered as a game changer for tuberculosis (TB) control programs worldwide. Methods: We are reporting serious issues with repeatability among a subgroup of Xpert (Version 4) identified RR results from South Indian state recently switched to Xpert by the National TB control program. Results: We have demonstrated that poor repeatability is frequently associated with those Xpert derived RR results, identified by detection of delayed amplification of any probe in the presence of positive analyte results for all probes. Another significant contributing factor was found to be lower bacterial loads in samples. The repeat tests were done by Xpert and/or by line probe assay depending on smear positivity. The finding is worrying as Xpert is recommended over other tests due to its reportedly better performance among low bacterial load samples such as pediatric, extra-pulmonary, HIV-TB co-infected, and smear negative pulmonary TB and the same samples, it seems are more likely to cause error prone RR results. Conclusions: We recommend for additional genotypic tests with specific mutant probes for detecting mutations at rpoB hot sites and growth based tests for all Xpert derived RR-TB cases identified by the above algorithm for confirmation of the presence of mutation, based on our available data.
Dialect loss in the Russian North: Modeling change across variables

Abstract We analyze the dynamics of dialect loss in a cluster of villages in rural northern Russia based on a corpus of transcribed interviews, the Ustja River Basin Corpus. Eleven phonological and morphological variables are analyzed across 33 speakers born between 1922 and 1996 in a series of logistic regression models. We propose three characteristics for a comparison of the rate of loss of different variables: initial level, steepness, and turning point. We show that the dynamics of loss differs significantly across variables and discuss possible reasons for such differences, including perceptual salience, initial variation in the dialect, and convergence with regionally or socially defined varieties of Russian. In conclusion, we discuss the pros and cons of logistic regression as an approach to quantitative modeling of dialect loss. Our paper contributes to the study and documentation of Russian dialects, most of which are on the verge of extinction.
Random Cropping Ensemble Neural Network for Image Classification in a Robotic Arm Grasping System

Robotic arms are expected to perform increasingly complex and intelligent tasks in industrial applications. These functions depend, to a large extent, on successful image classification. However, conventional image classification methods perform less well on randomly placed parts where there is uneven illumination in the industrial environment. Through detailed analysis of images taken in an industrial grasping environment, here, we propose a weighted ensemble neural network that can effectively overcome the impact of uneven placement and illumination over an entire image. For an image with overlapping parts, we combine ensemble learning with random cropping and develop the random cropping ensemble neural network (RCE-NN). RCE-NN has two main components: 1) random cropping helps to select different subimages in the image and 2) the weighted ensemble handles the results of each subimage classification to reduce subimage noise. In this article, the uncertainty of the class probability is considered, and therefore, the entropy of the subimage is used to predict the weight. We conduct experiments on our new FIST-Parts10 data set to verify the effectiveness of RCE-NN for image classification.
The Impact of Teacher Attributes on Intentions to Practice Inclusive Education in Secondary Schools in Ghana

ABSTRACT Advocacy for inclusive education has been connected with the United Nations’ global poverty alleviation guidelines, the Sustainable Development Goals, which appeal to countries to extend universal access to education, from primary to secondary schooling. In the Ghanaian context, the implementation of inclusive education in secondary schools has been under-explored. In this study, we adopted Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour as a framework to explore demographic variables which could impact on teachers’ intentions to practise inclusive education in secondary schools. We recruited 457 teachers from five districts in one region in Ghana. T-test and analysis of variance were used to ascertain the association between demographic variables and intentions. We found no significant differences between participants based on school resourcing or location. However, participants in private schools had attitudes that were more positive, they felt they received more support, had higher self-efficacy, and were more willing to include children with disabilities in their classrooms than teachers in public schools. Also, we found a difference between participants on units of study taken in inclusive education during pre-service training and their level of confidence to practise inclusive education. The need for teacher educators to embed more inclusive teaching practices in all courses at teacher training institutions is discussed, as well as other study implications.
Uto-Aztecan Lexicostatistics 2.01

Uto-Aztecan subgrouping has long been the subject of debate. We aim to establish a more up-to-date foundation for Uto-Aztecan lexicostatistics by reexamining Wick Miller’s influential lexicostatistic classification. Miller’s cognate density measure yields a symmetrical table based on the number of cognates each language pairing shares on a modified Swadesh-100 wordlist. However, no language has cognate sets for all word meanings (glosses) on that list. We offer an improved metric, relative cognate density, for analyzing an updated database of Kenneth Hill’s Uto-Aztecan cognate sets. We generate an asymmetrical table dividing the number of pairwise shared cognates (“match counts”) by the number of cognate sets each comparison language actually has available. Employing more standard distance-based clustering algorithms (UPGMA, Neighbor Joining, and NeighborNet), our results align with Miller’s in some respects (e.g., in identifying a Southern-Uto-Aztecan branch but not a Northern-Uto-Aztecan one) but differ in others (e.g., in not identifying “Sonoran”).
Morphological and biochemical variability of Froriepia

ABSTRACT Froriepia (Froriepia subpinnata Ledeb. Bail.) is an endangered, indigenous, vegetable, also reported to have medicinal properties. There is insufficient information about yield, nutrient content and other biochemical compounds in this plant. The project was undertaken to develop information on morphological and phytochemical variation. There was variation among 52 accessions gathered from Guilan Province, Iran. There was a significant, positive, correlation between leaf dimension, plant height, and attributes related to biomass. Total phenols were 355.6–941.3 mg GAE∙100 g−1 FW, total flavonoids were 204.33–540.74 mg CAT∙100 g−1 FW, total carotenoids were 1.52 to 3.15 μg∙100 g−1 FW, and antioxidant capacity was 31.36–81.82 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging (DPPH%). Chlorogenic acid was the dominant phenolic compound in the plant. Path analysis indicated the maximum direct effect on antioxidant was for total phenols (0.316). The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster, based on combined morphological and biochemical traits, indicated three distinct groups with high inter- and intra-regional variation. The Froriepia accessions possess valuable biochemical and antioxidant properties for potential medicinal use.
Automatic Control and Model Verification for a Small Aileron-Less Hand-Launched Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

This paper describes a low-cost flight control system of a small aileron-less hand-launched solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In order to improve the accuracy of the whole system model and quantify the influence of each subsystem, detailed modeling of UAV energy and a control system including a solar model, engine, energy storage, sensors, state estimation, control law, and actuator module are established in accordance with the experiment and component principles. A whole system numerical simulation combined with the 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) simulation model is constructed based on the typical mission route, and the parameter precision sequence and energy balance are obtained. Then, a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiment scheme based on the Stewart platform (SP) is proposed, and three modes of acceleration, angular velocity, and attitude are designed to verify the control system through the inner and boundary states of the flight envelope. The whole system scheme is verified by flight tests at different altitudes, and the aerodynamic force coefficient and sensor error are corrected by flight data. With the increase of altitude, the cruise power increases from 47 W to 78 W, the trajectory tracking precision increases from 23 m to 44 m, the sensor measurement noise increases, and the bias decreases.
Moderating Effect of Government Regulations on Internal Control System and Fraud Prevention. A Case Banking Sector in Kenya

The main purpose of the study was to establish the moderating effect of government regulations on the relationship between internal control system and fraud prevention in baking sector. Structured questionnaire was used as tool for data collection. The study was based on all banks registered and operating in Kenya and the questionnaires were meant for branch managers, operations mangers and cash managers in head offices of all banks. One hundred and seventeen questionnaires were distributed and officers from 33 banks out 39 banks returned fully filled questionnaires. The questionnaires were analyzed using Structural equation Model (SEM). The findings indicated that the government regulations have significant moderating effect of control environment and risk assessment. However, there was insignificant moderating effect on control activities, communication and monitoring of activities. The study suggested that further studies and analysis should be undertaken to establish those legislations and regulations that should be enhanced, abolished and also establish need of new laws to enhance the functions of internal control system.
Reconfigurable Digital Delta-Sigma Modulation Transmitter Architecture for Concurrent Multi-Band Transmission

This paper presents a reconfigurable delta-sigma modulation (DSM) architecture for concurrent multi-band transmission. The reconfigurability in terms of carrier spacing and the number of simultaneous carrier transmission is useful for applications such as carrier aggregation in 5G. This paper uses $4^{th}$ order reconfigurable multi-band DSM (RMB-DSM) such that the zeros of the noise transfer function can be reconfigured to fall at multiple frequencies, where the carriers are being aggregated. The quantization noise between the transmission bands is a critical issue in the case of multi-band transmission. Therefore, a multi-band additional noise shaping (ANS) function is also introduced, which generates notches around each carrier and reduces the noise level between the multiple pass-bands. The proposed scheme has been validated in simulation, as well as in experiment for aggregating up to four 15 MHz long term evolution (LTE) signals with an overall aggregated bandwidth of 60 MHz. Measurement results show a 10-25% improvement in coding efficiency and 15-35 dB improvement in noise level near the operating frequency band using the proposed multi-band augmented noise shaping technique, as compared to the standard DSM. The corresponding improvement of 8% in the overall efficiency is observed by using the proposed multi-band augmented noise shaping technique.
Emergency response rooms in action: An ethnographic case-study in Amsterdam

During the last decades there has been a lot of attention to issues of safety, emergency response and crisis management. Emergency response rooms (ERRs) are interesting public sector organizational arrangements in this respect. In our paper we pay attention to emergency response rooms in the Netherlands and especially in Amsterdam. Using an ethnographic approach, we studied the fire brigades (red), the medical services (white) and the police (blue) including their back-office organizations, their habits, and the systems in-use. As could be predicted, the (technical) integration of ERR systems in the Netherlands was not unproblematic. In our contribution we will make clear that the organization of the safety response in Amsterdam is rather fragmented. The latest discussion in the field is about the introduction of net-centric work, a concept based upon the interactive internet 2.0. Yet, it is not so much the technology, as well as the institutional arrangements that are at stake.
Effect of process conditions on feature size of inkjet printed silver MOD ink

Advancements in functional printing processes have demonstrated the viability of fabricating electronic circuits through deposition of electrically conductive materials. This has opened various novel avenues such as flexible and stretchable electronics that are currently beyond the capabilities of conventional subtractive manufacturing processes. Among the functional printing processes, piezoelectric drop-on-demand inkjet printing has now become of increasing interest due to its versatility. In case of the electrically conductive materials, Metal Organic Decomposition (MOD) inks stand out due to their particle free nature, which improves the jetting behavior. The strict demand from the electronics industry necessities uniform, smooth features of high resolution for printed electronic devices. Numerous studies have discussed the impact of print process conditions on the quality of printed features. However, the process conditions of pre-process and post-process techniques implemented in printed electronics can also have a considerable effect on the feature quality. This research is aimed at investigating the impact of not only some of the key print process parameters but also the impact of key pre-process and post-process parameters on the track width of features printed using a silver MOD ink on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. A statistical approach was employed for the experiments in identifying the significant control variables effecting the resolution of printed features. Using the results from the experimental study, the process parameters suitable for obtaining desired feature dimensions was derived by identifying the significant main and interaction effects. The results of this study can be used in improving the homogeneity of inkjet printed MOD features in fabricating devices such as flexible electronic displays, thin-film transistors, smart packaging labels etc.
A study of selected xylanolytic and chitinolytic enzymes from Rasamsonia emersonii, and their potential application in the valorisation of mushroom-production waste streams.

4 List of Abbreviations. 18 List of Publications . 20 Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1. Monaghan Mushrooms and MBio . 1 1.2. Mushroom Growing Process . 2 1.3. Aim of study: enzymes with application in the valorisation of the waste stream of industrial mushroom growing, as well as other commercial applications5 1.4. Enzymes in Biotechnology . 7 1.5. Carbohydrate Active Enzymes . 9 1.6. Glycoside Hydrolases . 11 1.7. Classification of xylan-degrading Glycoside Hydrolases enzymes. 14 1.8. Classification of Chitin-degrading enzymes . 16 1.9. Filamentous fungi and thermostable enzymes . 18 1.10. Rasamsonia emersonii . 22 1.11. This study . 25 1.11.1. E. coli . 26 1.11.2. Yeasts . 26 1.11.3. Pichia pastoris . 27 Chapter 2: Recombinant production and protein engineering of two GH10 Xylanases from Rasamsonia emersonii and their potential industrial applications. 29 2.
Diversity climate promises in ideological psychological contracts: racial differences in responses to breach and fulfilment

ABSTRACT Diversity, a major societal force that exerts an important influence on contemporary workplaces, may play a role in shaping present-day workers’ psychological contracts. In two studies, we explored diversity as an ideological commitment in psychological contracts and its impacts on workers and organizations. In Study 1, a three-wave longitudinal study following workers from pre- to post-hire, organizations’ use of diversity recruitment was positively associated with job-seekers’ perceptions that ideological diversity climate promises were made pre-employment. In addition, we found that subsequent perceptions of breaching these promises have negative effects on worker attitudes and behaviours above and beyond the consequences of traditional (i.e., transactional and relational) psychological contract breach. Unexpectedly, fulfilment and breach of ideological diversity climate promises were more weakly related to racial minority than majority group workers’ attitudes and behaviours. In Study 2, using both between- and within-person experimental designs, we largely replicate this counter-intuitive moderating effect and uncover that racial minority versus majority workers’ differential reactions can be explained by their prior experiences with racial discrimination. Our work substantiates that diversity is an important ideological commitment and provides novel insights as to the mechanisms and consequences of ideology for workers’ psychological contracts.
Searching Correlated Patterns From Graph Streams

Mining the correlation has attracted widespread attention in the research community because of its advantages in understanding the dependencies between objects. In this paper, a correlated graph pattern searching scheme has been proposed, that is, provided with a query <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$g$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as a structured pattern (<italic>i.e.</italic>, a graph), our algorithm is capable of retrieving the top-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> graphs that most likely correlated with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$g$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Traditional methods treat graph streams as static records, which is computational infeasible or ineffective because of the complexity of searching correlated patterns in a dynamic graph stream. In this paper, by relying on sliding windows to separate graph streams in chunks, we propose a Hoe-PGPL algorithm to handle the top-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> correlated patterns searching from a dynamic perspective. Our algorithm applies Hoeffding bound and two-level (Sliding window level and local batch level) candidate inspection to discover potential graph candidates and determine the similarity of these candidates without double-checking the previous stream. Theoretical analysis shows that our method can guarantee the quality of the returned answers, and our experiments also present that Hoe-PGPL has an excellent performance with aspects of precision, recall, runtime, and resource consumption.
BJP volume 155 issue 6 Cover and Front matter

Lecture Neuronal lipopigment: a marker for cognitive impairment and long-term effects of psychotropic drugs. J. H. Dowson Papers The evaluation of mental health care systems. H. HÃ fnerand W. an der Heiden 12 The functional discrimination of attachment and affiliation: theory and empirical demon stration. A. E. R. Sheldon andM. West 18 Adult personality functioning assessment (APFA): an investigator-based standardised in@terview. 24 Psychiatric symptoms, cognitive stress and vulnerability factors: a study in a remand prison. T. Harding and E. Zimmermann 36 Epidemiology of mental disorders in young adults of a newly urbanised area in Khartoum, Sudan. S. I. A. Rahim andM. Cederblad 44 DSMâ€ " III major depressive disorder in the community: a latent class analysis of data from the NIMH epidemiologic catchment area programme. 48 Tardive dyskinesia in bipolar affective disorder: relationship to lithium therapy. T. G. Dinan and D. Kohen 55 Physical illness in chronic psychiatric patients from a community psychiatric unit: the implications for daily practice. A. Honig, P. Pop, E. S. Tane H. Philipsen and M. A. J. Romme 58 Benefits and problems of routine laboratory investigations in adult psychiatric admissions. A. J. White andB. Barraclough 65 Brain white-matter lesions and psychosis. Mood changes after right-hemisphere lesions. 79 Cognitive aspects of panic attacks: content, course and relationship to laboratory stres sors. 86 Point of View Concordance by sex in sibling pairs with schizophrenia is paternally inherited: evidence for a pseudoautosomal locus. 92 The Current Literature Liaison psychiatry in a breast cancer unit. C. Dean and P. Hopwood 98 Case Conftrence Self-neglect and frontal lobe dysfunction. 113 Obsessive-compulsive disorder in a mentally retarded woman. R. J. McNally and J. E. Calamari 116 Mania in a five-year-old child with tuberous sclerosis. R. Khanna and M. Borde 117 Status epilepticus after electroconvulsive therapy.
“Spinal alignment” cushion in the management of low back pain – a randomized controlled study

Objectives: To assess the clinical effectiveness of using a spinal alignment cushion compared to standardized care in the management of simple mechanical LBP, whilst laying in the semi-fetal position. Methods: 71 individuals (aged between 18 and 50) with simple mechanical LBP for at least 3 months were recruited to the 4-week intervention after screening using the Red Flags and STarT Back tools. Participants were randomly assigned to either the control (standardized care) or intervention group (standardized care plus spinal alignment cushion). Pre and post assessments were taken using the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) (0-24), to assess physical disability associated with low back pain; the Core Outcomes Measure Index (COMI) (0-10), and Patient Reported Outcome Measures that included measures of sleep quality and comfort as well as back and muscle pain and stiffness. Questionnaires were completed online using SNAP survey. Each post assessment was analyzed using ANCOVA with corresponding pre-assessment as a covariate. Results: Clinically and statistically significant differences were seen in the RMDQ (p=0.034) and COMI scores (p=0.008) with the intervention group showing the greater improvement in scores over the four-week intervention. Significant differences were also seen in favor of the intervention group in the frequency (p=0.004) and intensity of back pain (p<0.001), joint/muscle stiffness (p=0.046) and intensity of back stiffness (p=0.022). Conclusions: Overall, results suggest that use of targeted treatments such as a spinal alignment cushion, for symptoms at night can provide clinically important and statistically significant improvements for individuals with LBP with high levels of treatment satisfaction and adherence