Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Which Non-Pharmaceutical Primary Care Interventions Reduce Inequalities in Common Mental Health Disorders? A Protocol for a Systematic Review of Quantitative and Qualitative Studies

Common mental health disorders (CMDs) represent a major public health concern and are particularly prevalent in people experiencing disadvantage or marginalisation. Primary care is the first point of contact for people with CMDs. Pharmaceutical interventions, such as antidepressants, are commonly used in the treatment of CMDs; however, there is concern that these treatments are over-prescribed and ineffective for treating mental distress related to social conditions. Non-pharmaceutical primary care interventions, such as psychological therapies and “social prescribing”, provide alternatives for CMDs. Little is known, however, about which such interventions reduce social inequalities in CMD-related outcomes, and which may, unintentionally, increase them. The aim of this protocol (PROSPERO registration number CRD42021281166) is to describe how we will undertake a systematic review to assess the effects of non-pharmaceutical primary care interventions on CMD-related outcomes and social inequalities. A systematic review of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods primary studies will be undertaken and reported according to the PRISMA-Equity guidance. The following databases will be searched: Assia, CINAHL, Embase, Medline, PsycInfo and Scopus. Retrieved records will be screened according to pre-defined eligibility criteria and synthesised using a narrative approach, with meta-analysis if feasible. The findings of this review will guide efforts to commission more equitable mental health services.
Use of Conditional Generative Variational Autoencoder Networks to Improve Representativity of Data in Optical Spectroscopy

In this study, the solution of the inverse problem of spectroscopy of water-ethanol liquid solutions by neural network models is considered. The process of training a neural network requires a large number of patterns, which cannot be obtained by laboratory measurements. In this paper, we demonstrate the possibility of generating an additional array of patterns using a conditional variational autoencoder. The generated patterns have a form similar to real spectra, and they are used to train the neural network for classification, along with the original patterns. As a result of applying this approach, it was possible to improve the quality of solving the inverse problem on real patterns that were not used in the training process.
Automated Fracture Mechanics and Fatigue Analyses Based on Three-Dimensional Finite Element for Welding Components

This paper describes the structure and application of a software system that automates the fatigue initiation and crack propagation analysis based on FEM. The system automatically performs necessary procedures to track propagation history of cracks: insertion of a crack and updating of three-dimensional finite element mesh in accordance with the crack propagation. Most of the meshing is carried out by a Delaunay tessellation method. A tubular hexahedral mesh is generated at the crack front and the fracture mechanics parameters are computed using commercial codes to ensure accuracy. The generation of this tubular hexahedral mesh is fully automatic as well.The system is equipped with a function to automatically perform fatigue analyses using the stress-strain histories at nodes of a three-dimensional FEM model. The standard low cycle fatigue analysis approach is adopted. Using the function, cumulative fatigue for a given FEM model is provided. Some analyses for several examples were carried out for validation. The important example is the surface crack propagation in steel pipes with residual stress.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Consideration of contactless power station with selective excitation to moving robot

A new method of contactless energy transmission to a moving machine is proposed. This system is useful for application with moving robots, including electric vehicles such as an electric wheelchair, an automatic guided vehicle, and so on. A moving robot was used as a model experimental system with these loads. The primary coils, an arrangement of spiral coils used with the selective excitation system, are located on the floor. A secondary spiral coil is attached to the bottom of the robot. The robot receives the magnetic flux radiating from the primary coils, which serves as the power source for the robot. In terms of electric power, in this experimental system the robot needs at least 2 W to start moving. As the robot moves, the excitation follows its movement. We have studied the characteristics of power transmission when the robot moves from one primary coil to another. This selective excitation system was found to be very effective for the overall efficiency of electric power transmission. We also examined the efficiency of the coil system used herein. Based on a comparison of the closed magnetic loop circuit and the open magnetic loop circuit, the efficiency of the former determined to be 70 [%] and that of the latter was determined to be 9 [%]. A monitoring system was constructed to ascertain which coil was excited. Based on our results, it would be possible to apply this contactless power transmission system to larger systems.
Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter in Urban Snowpack Using End-Member Mixing Analysis and Positive Matrix Factorization Model

The aim of this study was to identify particulate matter (PM) sources and to evaluate their contributions to PM in the snowpack of three East Siberian cities. That was the first time when the PM accumulated in the snowpack during the winter was used as the object for source apportionment study in urban environment. The use of long-term integrated PM samples allowed to exclude the influence of short-term weather conditions and anthropogenic activities on PM chemistry. To ascertain the real number of PM sources and their contributions to air pollution the results of source apportionment using positive matrix factorization model (PMF) were for the first time compared to the results obtained using end-member mixing analysis (EMMA). It was found that Si, Fe and Ca were the tracers of aluminosilicates, non-exhaust traffic emissions and concrete deterioration respectively. Aluminum was found to be the tracer of both fossil fuel combustion and aluminum production. The results obtained using EMMA were in good agreement with those obtained using PMF. However, in some cases, the non-point sources identified using PMF were the combinations of two single non-point sources identified using EMMA, whereas the non-point sources identified using EMMA were split by PMF into two single non-point sources. The point sources were clearly identified using both techniques.
Performance of the generalized phase contrast method implemented in planar-integrated micro-optics

We analyze the performance of implementing the generalized phase contrast method in a planar-integrated micro-optics system. A 4-f lens system with a phase-only filter at the Fourier plane is fabricated in a 50 mm-diameter fused silica substrate using multi-level multimask lithography. A phase distribution at the input plane is converted into a high-contrast intensity distribution at the output plane. The capability of the system for visualization of phase is evaluated for its application in a compact optical decryption system.
Resistivity Scaling Transition in Ultrathin Metal Film at Critical Thickness and Its Implication for the Transparent Conductor Applications

Understanding of ultrathin metal film's electrical and optical properties at sub‐10 nm thickness may provide important engineering insight on its application as a transparent conductor. Here, a rapid change is observed in the ultrathin metal film's electrical and optical scaling properties as the thickness shrinks to below a certain critical thickness dc. Below this thickness, the metal film's electrical properties are shown to be strongly influenced by the inhomogeneity of the film which can be modeled via general effective media theory by incorporating size‐effect contribution. As a result, below dc, carrier's scattering time rapidly decreases with a reduced mean free path leading to a rapid rise in resistivity. Also, the film's optical loss increases while the optical transmission plateaus below dc. As one promising application of thin metal film is transparent conductor where the film's electrical and optical properties are equally important, its maximum theoretical figure‐of‐merit is shown, which is determined at this dc serving as an important engineering metric.
Simple class-AB voltage follower with slew rate and bandwidth enhancement and no extra static power or supply requirements

A simple modification of the MOS voltage follower is introduced that provides it with efficient class-AB operation. The modified circuit has dynamic output currents and bandwidth that are essentially larger than the conventional MOS voltage follower. This is achieved with the same static power dissipation, very small additional circuit complexity and lower distortion. Experimental verification of all these characteristics is provided.
Estimating highwall miner technical condition using vibration diagnostics methods

Based on the results of Highwall Miner diagnostic testing, reference spectral masks for every component and assembly were built. They standardize vibration intensity level in different frequency domains of spectra and previously were used for estimating their technical conditions. Two-year period of monitoring proved the effectiveness of the approach for shifting to the system of preventative maintenance.
A novel MOGA-based method of flight control law design for a helicopter and its application

In order to design full-envelop flight control law for a certain helicopter, a novel method based on multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is put forward. In this method, the design of flight control law is viewed as a multi-objective optimization problem(MOP) where obtaining optimal performances in each designed flight envelop are treated as sub-objective and that in all designed flight envelop as objective, flight control law's parameters to be searched as decision variables, corresponding performance criteria as constraints. For the MOP, MOGA is used to get the optimal parameters of flight control law in all designed flight envelops. Finally, the novel method is applied to the flight control law's design for the helicopter's pitch motion, the simulation results show that the parameters are feasible and the performances are satisfactory, which further prove that the method is effective.
Energy efficient refrigerators: the effect of door gasket and wall insulation on heat transfer

The energy efficiency of refrigerators not only depends on the efficiency of the various components used in the cycle but also on their thermodynamics cycle efficiency as well the thermal efficiency of the cabinet housing the components. Efficiency improvements to the thermodynamics cycle and refrigerator components have been the subject of various papers published in the open literature. Not many researchers have looked at reducing the heat leakage into the refrigerator cabinet with the explicit objective of reducing the power consumption of the unit and hence improving its thermal efficiency. This paper is based on an experimental study of this topic, and includes information on the experimental rig used and the results obtained. This research was performed in two stages: The first stage was focused on improving the energy efficiency by changing wall insulation while the second stage was to study the heat transfer through the doors’ gaskets. For the first part, a domestic refrigerator was instrumented with many thermocouples and heat flux meters to measure the inside and outside air temperatures and the heat transfer through the wall of the unit, respectively. These measurements were taken under different environmental conditions as well as different insulation thickness in the walls of the cabinet. For the second part, using a specially designed and manufactured experimental rig, various door gaskets were placed between a warm and a cold chamber and heat transfer through the gasket was measured. The results showed that by adding 30 mm polystyrene insulation to the walls of the refrigerator, the heat transfer through the walls reduced by around 35%. The power consumption data agreed very well with the measured heat flux through the walls. The percentage heat transfer through the doors’ gaskets was confirmed to be about 13% of the total heat transferred into the unit. © 2003 ASME
Forecasting Tourism Demand With a New Time-Varying Forecast Averaging Approach

Existing research has shown that combination can effectively improve tourism forecasting accuracy compared with single model. However, the model uncertainty and structural instability in combination for out-of-sample tourism forecasting may influence the forecasting performance. This paper proposes a novel forecast combination approach based on time-varying jackknife model averaging (TVJMA), which can more efficiently handle structural changes and nonstationary trends in tourism data. Using Hong Kong tourism demand from five major tourism source regions as an empirical study, we investigate whether our proposed nonparametric TVJMA-based approach can improve tourism forecasting accuracy further. Empirical results show that the proposed TVJMA-based approach outperforms other competitors including single model and three combination methods in most cases. Findings indicate the outstanding performance of our method is robust to various forecasting horizons and different estimation periods.
A learning factory: Experimenting with adaptable production in Finnish engineering workshops

This article presents an overview of the theoretical framework, methodology, and research setting of the Finnish Research Program “Work, Culture, and Technology” being carried out in four Finnish engineering shops. The purpose of the ongoing study is to test and consolidate a new mode of operation, adaptable production, within the companies. The study starts out with the assumption that the shift to adaptable production calls for changes in four dimensions: group and network relations, tools and procedures for developmental activities, management and employee skills, and work and enterprise cultures. Development projects in two of the four companies is discussed in greater detail © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Complex image background segmentation for cable force estimation of urban bridges with drone‐captured video and deep learning

Drone‐assisted structural health monitoring has aroused extensive attention due to its high mobility and low cost. However, drone motion and complex image backgrounds severely impede its application in the cable force measurement of urban bridges. To fill this research gap, this paper proposed a deep learning‐based complex background segmentation approach for cable force estimation of urban bridges from the drone‐captured video. The main contribution of this article includes two aspects: (1) A pre‐trained fully convolutional network (FCN) model was first adopted to identify bridge cables from drone‐captured video and further to extract sub‐pixel‐level displacement using line segment detection (LSD) algorithm, and (2) an empirical mode decomposition algorithm was employed for extracting the vibration signal of bridge cables by eliminating the effect of drone motion on measured dynamic displacement. Finally, natural frequencies of bridge cables were obtained by performing Fourier analysis on extracted cable vibration and further adopted for cable force estimation. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method have been successfully verified by field testing of an urban cable‐stayed footbridge. Estimated cable forces using the proposed method are consistent with the traditional contact‐type measurements and design values, demonstrating the potential of this method for applying into rapid cable force estimation of numerous urban bridges.
A Content Review of Life Cycle Assessment of Nanomaterials: Current Practices, Challenges, and Future Prospects

This paper provides a comprehensive review of 71 previous studies on the life cycle assessment (LCA) of nanomaterials (NMs) from 2001 to 2020 (19 years). Although various studies have been carried out to assess the efficiency and potential of wastes for nanotechnology, little attention has been paid to conducting a comprehensive analysis related to the environmental performance and hotspot of NMs, based on LCA methodology. Therefore, this paper highlights and discusses LCA methodology’s basis (goal and scope definition, system boundary, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, and interpretation) to insights into current practices, limitations, progress, and challenges of LCA application NMs. We found that there is still a lack of comprehensive LCA study on the environmental impacts of NMs until end-of-life stages, thereby potentially supporting misleading conclusions, in most of the previous studies reviewed. For a comprehensive evaluation of LCA of NMs, we recommend that future studies should: (1) report more detailed and transparent LCI data within NMs LCA studies; (2) consider the environmental impacts and potential risks of NMs within their whole life cycle; (3) adopt a transparent and prudent characterization model; and (4) include toxicity, uncertainty, and sensitivity assessments to analyze the exposure pathways of NMs further. Future recommendations towards improvement and harmonization of methodological for future research directions were discussed and provided. This study’s findings redound to future research in the field of LCA NMs specifically, considering that the release of NMs into the environment is yet to be explored due to limited understanding of the mechanisms and pathways involved.
Simulation of Martian Dust Effects on Polar CO2 Ice Caps and Atmospheric Circulation Using the MarsWRF Model

Martian dust plays an important role in modulating climate. However, the effects of dust on polar CO2 ice caps, atmospheric circulation processes and the relationship between them are not yet clear. In this study, a Mars general circulation model (MarsWRF) was applied to investigate the impacts of the magnitude and timing of Martian dust storms on the spatiotemporal characteristics of polar CO2 ice caps and atmospheric circulation. The results show that dust can inhibit the sublimation of southern CO2 ice through the radiation effect. Under the “High Dust” scenario, the ice edge can extend up to 5° more equatorward than that under the “Standard” scenario around Ls = 220°. The extent of northern CO2 ice cap is hardly affected by dust because the impacts induced by dust mainly appear north of 80°N. By shifting the timing of maximum dust loading during the dust season, the "Early Dust" scenario inhibits the sublimation of the southern ice cap, while the "Late Dust" scenario accelerates the sublimation process. In addition, the variations in dust loading strength can lead to changes in three near‐surface wind belts, which are related to intensified Hardly circulation. The appearance of the warming vortex under the "Early Dust" scenario is delayed, and its intensity is 60 K lower than that observed in the "High Dust" and "Late Dust" scenarios. When dust loading increases, the northern CO2 condensation process in the Western Hemisphere accelerates, which is due to the increased pole‐to‐equator temperature gradient and the increased meridional wind speed.
An Application of the SSHAC Level 3 Process to the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for Nuclear Facilities at the Hanford Site, Eastern Washington, USA

Under the sponsorship of the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the electric utility Energy Northwest, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is conducting a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) within the framework of a SSHAC Level 3 procedure (Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee; Budnitz et al., 1997). Specifically, the project is being conducted following the guidelines and requirements specified in NUREG-2117 (USNRC, 2012b) and consistent with approach given in the American Nuclear Standard ANSI/ANS-2.29-2008 Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis. The collaboration between DOE and Energy Northwest is spawned by the needs of both organizations for an accepted PSHA with high levels of regulatory assurance that can be used for the design and safety evaluation of nuclear facilities. DOE committed to this study after performing a ten-year review of the existing PSHA, as required by DOE Order 420.1C. The study will also be used by Energy Northwest as a basis for fulfilling the NRC’s 10CFR50.54(f) requirement that the western US nuclear power plants conduct PSHAs in conformance with SSHAC Level 3 procedures. The study was planned and is being carried out in conjunction with a project Work Plan, which identifies the purpose of the study, the roles and responsibilities of allmore » participants, tasks and their associated schedules, Quality Assurance (QA) requirements, and project deliverables. New data collection and analysis activities are being conducted as a means of reducing the uncertainties in key inputs to the PSHA. It is anticipated that the results of the study will provide inputs to the site response analyses at multiple nuclear facility sites within the Hanford Site and at the Columbia Generating Station. « less
Force and Influencing Factors Analysis for Bottomhole Assembly with Two Stabilizers and One Bend

The aim of this study is to research the force and influencing factors for bottomhole assembly with two stabilizers and one bend. Borehole trajectory control is one of the basic problems in drilling engineering and it is generally paid attention at home and abroad. Experts and scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research in the drill string mechanics (especially the force and deformation analysis of BHA), interaction of bit and formation, borehole trajectory prediction method. They have obtained many achievements in scientific research, so as to make the hole trajectory control theory and technology constantly develop.
Unscented kalman filter for power system dynamic state estimation

A new estimation method for power system dynamic state estimation, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), is presented. It is based on the application of the unscented transformation (UT) combined with the Kalman filter theory. One of the challenges in the process of power system estimation is coping with a highly non-linear mathematical model of network equations, which is usually approximated through a linearisation. The new derivative free estimation method overcomes this limitation using the UT and achieves better accuracy with simpler implementation. The UKF is derived and demonstrated using three different test power systems under typical network and measurement conditions. Its performance is compared with the classical extended Kalman filter. The simplicity of the new estimator and its low computational demand make it a better option to be applied in the next generation of dynamic system estimators.