Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elevation of myocardial creatine kinase in absence of myocardial injury (Case report with literature review)

Macro enzymes are high molecular mass complexes that consist of normal serum enzymes and protein-immunoglobulins. Creatine kinase (CK) is a muscle enzyme that has three isoenzymes. Two types of macro CK have been described; Macro CK type 1 and macro CK type 2. We report a case where cardiac enzymes were persistently elevated in the absence of myocardial injury. The false elevation was secondary to the presence of macro CK type 1 yielding aberrantly increased CK-MB. Our patient lacked clinical as well as electrocardiographic (EKG) changes to validate myocardial ischemia. Apperception of diagnosing falsely elevated cardiac markers is imperative to avoid unnecessary procedures Key words: Macro CK, ischemia, myocardial infraction.
Simple Adaptive Filter as a Part of Information System for Market Data Analysis

Application of the simple least mean squares (LMS) adaptive filter of to the Warsaw Exchange Market (GPW) has been analyzed using stocks belonging to WIG20 group as examples. LMS filter ha s been used as a binary classifier, that is, to forecast the sign of change s in the (normalized) stock values. Two kinds of data has been used, namely, th differenced and doubledifferenced normalized close values of stocks. It h as been shown that while the predictive power of LMS filter is virtually zer o for the differenced series, it rises significantly in the case of double-differ enced series for all analyzed stocks. We attribute this to the better stationarit y properties of the doubledifferenced time series.
Research on Key Security Strategies of Cloud Computing

More and more organizations and individuals outsource their storage and computing business into cloud computing, which is a representation of a movement towards the intensive, large scale specialization and economy. Cloud computing brings about convenience and efficiency, but challenges in the areas of data security and privacy protection. This paper identifies the most vulnerable security threats in cloud computing, which will enable both end users and vendors to know about the key security threats associated with cloud computing, and to know about critical analysis about the different security models and tools proposed. Key security strategies from the infrastructure, operation and security incident response relieve the common security issues of cloud computing.
Heterogeneous Architectures Programming Library

Embedded platforms with heterogeneous architecture, considered in this paper, consist of one primary and one or more secondary processors. Development of software systems for these platforms poses substantial difficulties, requiring a distinct set of tools for each constituent of the heterogeneous system. It also makes achieving high efficiency the more difficult task. Moreover, many use cases of embedded systems require runtime configuration, that cannot be easily achieved with usual approaches. This work presents a C-like metaprogramming DSL and a library that provides a unified interface for programming secondary processors of heterogeneous systems with this DSL. Together they help to resolve aforementioned problems. The DSL is embedded in C++ and allows to freely manipulate its expressions and thus embodies the idea of generative programming, when the expressive power of high-level C++ language is used to compose pieces of low-level DSL code. Together with other features, such as generic DSL functions, it makes the DSL a flexible and powerful tool for dynamic code generation. The approach behind the library is dynamic compilation: the DSL is translated to LLVM IR and then compiled to native executable code at runtime. It opens a possibility of dynamic code optimizations, e.g. runtime function specialization for specific parameters known only at runtime. Flexible library architecture allows simple extensibility to any target platform supported by LLVM. At the end of the paper a system approbation on different platforms and a demonstration of dynamic optimizations capability are presented.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Executive Compensation and Corporate Performance

China's stock market has changed dramatically since the non-tradable share reform in 2006.At this new macro-economic background, this paper is based on the new financial concept which is under the guidance of the sustainable development theory. The paper re-examine the relationship between corporate performance, executive compensation, executive shareholding, inspecting remuneration and corporate performance with a different view, in order to find out some enlightenment. The result shows that: corporate performance, executive compensation and executive shareholding are dramatically correlated. According to the empirical findings, the paper made some suggestions for the design of China's listed companies pay system.
The effect of small scale and intermolecular forces on the nonlinear Pull-in instability behavior of nano-switches using differential quadrature method

Using differential quadrature method (DQM), this study investigated pull-in instability of beam-type nano-switches under the effects of small-scale and intermolecular forces including the van der Waals (vdW) and the Casimir forces. In these nano-switches, electrostatic forces served as the driving force, and von-Karman type nonlinear strain was used to examine nonlinear geometric effects. To derive nonlinear governing equations as well as the related boundary conditions for the nano-beam, variation method was used. Besides, to study the influence of size effect, the nonlocal elasticity theory was employed and the resulting governing equations were solved using DQM. Finally, the pull-in parameters were studied using the nonlocal theory and the results were compared with the numerical results of the classical continuum theory as well as experimental results contained in the references. Results demonstrated that taking into consideration the von-Karman type nonlinear strain increases the beam stiffness and hence, the pull-in voltage. Besides, use of the small scale, compared with the classical theory of elasticity, yields results much closer to experimental results.
A New Sandwich ELISA Test Simultaneously Detecting E7 Proteins of HPV-16,18 and 45 in Cervical Smears

Persistent infections by high-risk papilloma viruses (HPV) are the main etiological factor for cervical cancer, and E7 oncoproteins were suggested as new markers for tumor progression. The objective of this study was to generate a new Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)-based detection system to monitor expression of the E7 proteins of the high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-45 in cervical smears. Using a combination of rabbit monoclonal antibodies raised against E7 proteins of HPV-16 and HPV-18/HPV-45, respectively, a trivalent E7-ELISA was developed and validated, using recombinant E7 proteins of various HPV types and lysates from E7- positive cervical carcinoma cells. The amount of 0.5 picogram of E7 protein per well was determined as detection limit. The E7-ELISA was used to determine E7 protein levels in cervical smears obtained from a total of 67 women. E7 protein concentration was below the detection limit in all HPV-negative smears, and E7 protein concentrations above background were found in some HPV-positive cervical samples. Together the work described herein provides a new tool for the simultaneous detection of E7 proteins of the three most prevalent in cervical neoplasia hrHPV types.
Broadband Enhancement of Optical Frequency Comb Using Cascaded Four-Wave Mixing in Photonic Crystal Fiber

A cascaded intensity modulator (IM) and phase modulator (PM) are used to modulate a continuous-wave (CW) laser and generate an optical frequency comb (OFC). Thus, the generated comb is utilized as an initial seed and combined with another CW-laser to generate four-wave mixing (FWM) in photonic crystal fiber (PCF). Results show that an initial flat 30 GHz OFC of 29, 55 lines within power fluctuation of 0.8 dB and 2 dB, respectively, can be achieved by setting the ratio of the DC bias to amplitude of sinusoidal signal at 0.1 and setting the modulation indices of both IM and PM at 10. Moreover, the 1st order of FWM created through 14 m of PCF has over 68 and 94 lines with fluctuation of 0.8 dB and 2 dB, respectively. Hence, the generated wavelengths of 1st left and right order of FWM can be tuned in a range from ~1500 nm to ~1525 nm and ~1590 nm to ~1604 nm, respectively.
Ameliorating Plant Available Water by Addition of Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Sludge on Entisols

Palm oil mill contributed a significant benefit to agro-based industry and social-economic for Malaysia. The treated POME sludge was produced from the open treatment ponds and palm oil mill effluent (POME) without any treatment is considered as a polluted wastewater. This study is to determine the effect of POME sludge on Entisols for plant available water (PAW). The data obtained from this study were selected to measure physicochemical parameters (bulk density, porosity, compaction, organic matter), hydraulic parameter (hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic capacity and water retention) to determine the PAW. The POME sludge from different treatment ponds (control, mixing pond, anaerobic pond, facultative pond, algae pond and dumping pond) was applied to the Zea mays (Hibrimas) as a test crops. The results showed that maize treated with POME sludge from the dumping pond indicated significant difference on soil organic matter, bulk density, porosity, soil compaction and plant available water compared to mixing and anaerobic ponds. As a conclusion, POME sludge from the dumping might improve soil physical properties of Entisols. The dumping pond sludge has significant potential to be used as an organic amendment for plant growth in the future.
The Determinants of the Fundraising Structure of Listed Companies in Vietnam: Estimation of the Effects of Government Ownership

This study investigates the factors determining the debt-ratios of listed companies on the Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh stock exchange markets. Estimation analysis using panel data covering the three-year period from 2006 to 2008 reveals the following results. (1) The debt-ratios of listed companies may be well explained by adjusted Modigliani and Miller theory combined with agency cost theory. (2) In order to borrow long-term outside funds, the ability to provide collateral is very important, even for qualified and listed companies. (3) Government controlled companies have weak incentives to save corporate tax payments by using debt financing. (4) In term of long-term fundraising, government controlled companies are perceived to present less risk than other companies. (5) In the determinants of fundraising, there is almost no difference in the determinants of fundraising between companies listed on the Ho Chi Minh stock exchange and those on the Hanoi stock exchange. (6) Compared to the fundraising activities of small- and medium-sized companies analyzed by Nguyen (2006) and Biger et al. (2008), those of listed companies could be better explained by using standard corporate financing theory. These observations suggest several policy implications. (1) Economic reform (Doi Moi) policies have successfully built up market based corporate financing systems for listed companies in Vietnam; however, (2) the protection of outside creditors should be further enhanced, as should be the disclosure of corporate information. (3) Further liberalization and privatization of the banking sector is urgently needed.
Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Mound Distribution Relationships in Connection to the Heterogeneity of Ten Christmas Tree Farm Landscapes in Mississippi

Ten Christmas tree farms were selected as research sites across Mississippi. At each site a 10-percent inventory was established. Plots were chosen randomly, and all imported fire ant (IFA) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Solenopsis spp.) mound positions inside the plot boundaries were captured as global positioning system (GPS) points. Mound points, along with their corresponding volumes (cm 3 ), were recorded and uploaded into ESRI ® ArcMap for analysis. Thirteen variables were selected to represent the heterogeneity of these landscapes. Among those variables, the species, height, and diameter of every Christmas tree located inside a plot were recorded, along with average grass height, distance to nearest mound, and other ant species collected within the plot. These data were then analyzed by using analysis of variance and linear regression statistics to determine which variables were significantly related to mound density, mound volume, or both. The statistically significant variables were then subjected to ordinary kriging, a geo-statistical spatial interpolation method. Ordinary kriging was used to illustrate the influence of significant variables in predicting IFA mound distribution. Out of the 13 variables collected and analyzed on each farm, grass height was the only variable significantly related to mound density and volume suitable for use in kriging analysis. All kriging results therefore only included average grass height and average mound volume. For the majority of sites, all larger mounds were clustered in taller grass, while the smaller mounds were scattered across larger areas of shorter grass.
Pluralize: a Trustworthy Framework for High-Level Smart Contract-Draft

The paper presents Pluralize a formal logical framework able to extend the execution of blockchain transactions to events coming from external oracles, like external time, sensor data, human-made declarations, etc. These events are by essence non-reliable, since transaction execution can be triggered by information whose veracity cannot be established by the blockchain. To overcome this problem, the language features a first-order logic and an authority algebra to allow formal reasoning and establish accountability of agents for blockchain-enabled transactions. We provide an accountability model that allows to formally prove the accountability of agents by a formal proof locally executable by each agent of the blockchain.
A NEW ANALYTICAL MODELING METHOD FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR CELLS BASED ON DERIVATIVE POWER FUNCTION

This paper presents a simple method of optimizing the photovoltaic (PV) generator based on the one diode electrical model. The method consists in solving a second degree equation representing the derivative of the power function. The maximum current and voltage are determined, and the maximum power is deduced. Two popular types of photovoltaic panels constructed with different materials have been considered for the test: the multi-crystalline silicon (Shell S75), and the mono crystalline silicon (Shell SP70). For various environmental conditions, a comparative study is done between the simulated results and the product manufacturer data. The obtained results prove the efficiency of the proposed method. Keywords: model; photovoltaic generator; power function; optimizing, maximum power
Language learners can "make a difference": Benefits of a volunteering option for students of English as an Additional Language

his paper reports on a group of 70 students of English as an Additional Language (EAL) studying New Zealand culture and language at a tertiary institute in Auckland who became volunteers during community placement. Of the original cohorts, 16 of the students, from a wide range of backgrounds, became regular volunteers as a result of a community placement they were required to do for a unit in their BA (EAL) degree. The concept of community placement is valuable in the EAL sector, where work placements are commonly used as a way of acculturating EAL students, whether they are international students, migrants or refugees, into the linguistic, cultural and practical aspects of workplace experience. Community placements allow such learners to explore their linguistic, cultural and practical learning in supportive, community-based contexts such as rest homes, advice bureaux or charity shops. Backed by an investigation of the concept of “community”, this study identifies the students’ experiences of cultural, linguistic and practical learning in their communities. This project gave learners access to “communities of practice” (Lave & Wenger 1992; Wenger 1998) that aligned with the kinds of communities they imagined as valuable to their future identities; in other words, “imagined communities” (Anderson 1983). The data in this project consists in the reflected journals of participants in community placements that are analysed thematically. They reveal the cultural, linguistic and ontological value of community work for invested learners. As an educational study, it shows how community placements can prepare learners both for their future work as volunteers and for their imagined communities, where they see themselves as contributing to their “host” culture but able, as one participant writes, “to make a difference”.
Does Trading Anonymously Enhance Liquidity?

Is liquidity better when a trade counterparty’s brokerage firm is unknown (anonymous) or known (transparent)? We examine a quasinatural experiment where some firms switched from transparent to anonymous trading and then, 1 year later, switched back. Our results for inside spread, price impact, and limit order book depth suggest that liquidity improves when anonymous post-trade reporting is introduced and liquidity worsens when anonymous post-trade reporting is reversed.
Eurasian fundamental mode surface wave phase velocities and their relationship with tectonic structures

We automatically analyzed 32,000 fundamental mode Love and Rayleigh wave signals with earthquake-station paths traversing Eurasia and Indonesia and obtained robust average phase velocity measurements between 20 s and 170 s periods along 4389 Love and 4020 Rayleigh paths. These were inverted to give phase velocity maps at 14 fixed periods. Resolution tests suggest that features with diameter >750 km and >500 km are resolved over most of Eurasia and central/SE Asia respectively. Low-period Love waves image areas with thick sedimentary cover as low-velocity zones, and almost all periods image mountainous regions since these have thick crust and hence low average lithospheric shear velocity. At long periods, both Love and Rayleigh waves define high phase velocity zones across shield and cratonic areas reflecting their deep lithospheric roots. We observe significant along-strike heterogeneity in the Zagros fold belt and Tien Shan-Altai system. Taking sections across Eurasian phase velocity space allows us to make approximate interpretations in terms of shear velocity structure directly. For example, the Red River and East Vietnam Boundary faults are traced on their eastern side by low velocities which extend at depth into Indonesia. We relate this to mantle upwelling associated with early Eocene rotation of Indochina and reversal of the sense of shear across the Red River fault post-20 Ma. We observe dipping subduction of the Mediterranean beneath the Aegean, of the Philippine Sea beneath Indonesia, and of the Indian shield beneath Tibet. We also image a fossil subducted plate beneath NE Borneo which we associate with subduction of the proto-South China Sea between 50 Ma and 15 Ma.
Life-cycle phenotypic composition and mortality of Calanoides acutus (Copepoda: Calanoida) in the Scotia Sea: a modelling approach

A modelling approach was developed to identify the most likely composition of life- cycle phenotypes and mortality rates for Calanoides acutus found within the Scotia Sea. A stage- and age-structured model was parameterised with independent measurements of early copepodite stage duration, growth rate during the productive period and mortality and weight loss during the over- wintering period. Four possible life-phenotypes were simulated, varying according to whether (1) they spent their first winter as a CIV or CV stage, and (2) they persisted for between one and sev- eral years. The mortality rate coefficient during the epipelagic period was allowed to vary between 0.01 and 0.1 d -1 . Model runs determined the effect of all possible combinations of these variables on the abundance of the late copepodite stages, and predictions were compared to a comprehensive empirical data set, encompassing observations made over the last 60 yr. Best fits were achieved when 70% of the Scotia Sea population overwintered as a CV stage and 30% as CIV, with the majority of individuals reaching adulthood in their first year (after 1 overwintering period). During the epipelagic period, the population experienced mortality rate coefficients close to 0.06 d -1 . This high rate makes it unlikely that the earliest recruits survive to the end of the productive season. Predation was respon- sible for over 80% of mortality during winter. Starvation, which made up the remainder, mostly affected individuals that were spawned late in the season. The total rate of overwintering mortality was less than 0.007 d -1 . Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that model predictions were robust and identified the most likely causes of interannual and spatial variation in the observed data sets.
Does Crowdfunding Democratize Access to Finance? A Geographical Analysis of Technology Projects

The ability of crowdfunding to “democratize” finance has attracted much interest among entrepreneurs and funders. Entrepreneurs initiating crowdfunded projects, located anywhere, are able to access sources of credit from around the world. As such, entrepreneurs who face less attractive credit environment may choose to engage more in crowdfunding. In this paper, we examine how geography affects the formation of crowdfunded projects. We obtain data on housing prices that are closely related to the cost of accessing traditional sources of financing, especially bank financing, and match the data to the novel data set obtained from a leading crowdfunding market from 2009 to 2013. Adopting a first-difference approach to address unobserved area-specific effects and using housing supply elasticity as an instrument for housing price change, we find that a higher decrease in housing prices leads to a greater increase in the creation of crowdfunded projects. Moreover, the effect varies across projects. It is stronger for larger projects, while it is indifferent between successful and unsuccessful projects. In addition, the effect of housing prices on crowdfunded projects is more significant for low socioeconomic status areas. The increase in crowdfunded projects in the low status areas is entirely driven by a significant increase in unsuccessful projects, whereas the effect of housing prices on successful crowdfunded projects is significant only in high socioeconomic status areas. Overall, the results show that web-enabled crowdfunding could be a viable option for entrepreneurs having difficulty accessing traditional offline channels of credit, thereby democratizing access to finance.