Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Illusory Promise of Stakeholder Governance: Presentation Slides

Corporate purpose is now the focus of a fundamental and heated debate, with rapidly growing support for the proposition that corporations should move from shareholder value maximization to “stakeholder governance” and “stakeholder capitalism. ” This Article critically examines the increasingly influential “stakeholderism” view, according to which corporate leaders should give weight not only to the interests of shareholders but also to those of all other corporate constituencies (including employees, customers, suppliers, and the environment). We conduct a conceptual, economic, and empirical analysis of stakeholderism and its expected consequences. We conclude that this view should be rejected, including by those who care deeply about the welfare of stakeholders. Stakeholderism, we demonstrate, would not benefit stakeholders as its supporters claim. To examine the expected consequences of stakeholderism, we analyze the incentives of corporate leaders, empirically investigate whether they have in the past used their discretion to protect stakeholders, and examine whether recent commitments to adopt stakeholderism can be expected to bring about a meaningful change. Our analysis concludes that acceptance of stakeholderism should not be expected to make stakeholders better off. Furthermore, we show that embracing stakeholderism could well impose substantial costs on shareholders, stakeholders, and society at large. Stakeholderism would increase the insulation of corporate leaders from shareholders, reduce their accountability, and hurt economic performance. In addition, by raising illusory hopes that corporate leaders would on their own provide substantial protection to stakeholders, stakeholderism would impede or delay reforms that could bring meaningful protection to stakeholders. Stakeholderism would therefore be contrary to the interests of the stakeholders it purports to serve and should be opposed by those who take stakeholder interests seriously. Presentation slides for this paper are available on SSRN here. This paper is part of a larger research project of the Harvard Law School Corporate Governance on stakeholder capitalism and stakeholderism. Another part of this research project is For Whom Corporate Leaders Bargain by Lucian A. Bebchuk, Kobi Kastiel, and Roberto Tallarita.
Diagnosis of arrhythmia based on ECG analysis using CNN

Arrhythmia is the prime indicator of serious heart issues, and, hence, it is essential to be detected properly for early phase treatment. This article presents an approach for the diagnosis of cardiac disorders via the recognition of 17 types of arrhythmia. The proposed approach includes building a convolution neural network (2D-CNN) which is trained by using images of Electrocardiograph (ECG) signals collected from the MIH-BIH database. The ECGs are first converted into images. This step serves twofold: first, CNN is best suited for classifying image data and thus reduces preprocessing, and second, most ECG recordings are still being produced on thermal paper which can then be captured as image. Next, 2D-CNN is trained and validated. Test results show that the proposed method achieves classification accuracy of 96.67% and error of 0.004%. in addition to the superior accuracy achieved by this method compared to the previous literature, this approach enjoys reduced processing time and complexity apart from the training phase, also by dealing with images this method offers high degree of versatility and can be integrated as utility within other applications or wearables.
Quantification Method for the Uncertainty of Matching Point Distribution on 3D Reconstruction

Matching points are the direct data sources of the fundamental matrix, camera parameters, and point cloud calculation. Thus, their uncertainty has a direct influence on the quality of image-based 3D reconstruction and is dependent on the number, accuracy, and distribution of the matching points. This study mainly focuses on the uncertainty of matching point distribution. First, horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP) is used to quantify the feature point distribution in the overlapping region of multiple images. Then, the quantization method is constructed. H D O P ∗ ¯ , the average of 2 × arctan ( H D O P × n 5 − 1 ) / π on all images, is utilized to measure the uncertainty of matching point distribution on 3D reconstruction. Finally, simulated and real scene experiments were performed to describe and verify the rationality of the proposed method. We found that the relationship between H D O P ∗ ¯ and the matching point distribution in this study was consistent with that between matching point distribution and 3D reconstruction. Consequently, it may be a feasible method to predict the quality of 3D reconstruction by calculating the uncertainty of matching point distribution.
Oil Price Forecasting Based on Variational Mode Decomposition, Relative Entropy and LSTM Neural Network

Precise oil price forecasting is important and challenging. Long short term memory (LSTM) neural network is suitable to predict oil price, but the complexity of time series data limits the accuracy. Decomposition technique is an effective way to extract features from time series data. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) has been proved to be a good decomposition technique to generate discrete number of components. To reduce computation and improve prediction accuracy, relative entropy (RE) is used to criteria to recombine components. In this paper, based on VMD, RE and LSTM, we proposed a novel oil price forecasting model, named hybrid VMD-RE-LSTM model, considering the advantages of LSTM and VMD. The case results showed the forecasting ability of the hybrid VMD-RE-LSTM model is better than EEMD-LSTM model and LSTM for oil price forecasting.
Ecological vulnerability of the Densu river Basin due to land use change and climate variability

Abstract Ecological hazards such as floods, drought and poor water quality remain notable disparaging natural catastrophes of climate variability in West Africa. Associated hazard manifestation is an amalgamation of various factors, which require enhanced knowledge of its spatio-temporal extent. This work aims at the identification and mapping of areas prone to ecological vulnerabilities in the Densu River Basin of Ghana. This research utilized a combination of Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and multicriteria methods (MCM) using dataset such as land use land cover, type of soil, slope, drainage density, rainfall variability and the community distribution in the basin, using Geospatial Technology. Vulnerability mapping models were developed for flooding, drought and surface water quality. The resulting analysis revealed that about 15% of the basin was highly vulnerable to flooding, about 1% was prone to drought and 6% was prone to poor surface water quality. It was revealed that the southernmost part of the basin was susceptible to flooding whilst communities along the tributaries of the Densu river were predisposed to flooding and poor water quality. The study further displayed the extent of vulnerability of the communities within the Densu basin. Uniquely, a combination of AHP and MCM was successfully used to map the vulnerability of a river basin. Therefore, it is now possible to extend the procedures to other river basins for the development of effective mitigating strategies for future hazards.
Role of magnetic ordering for the design of quinary TWIP-TRIP high entropy alloys

We reveal the impact of magnetic ordering on stacking fault energy (SFE) and its influence on the deformation mechanisms and mechanical properties in a class of nonequiatomic quinary Mn-containing compositional complex alloys or high entropy alloys (HEAs). By combining ab initio simulation and experimental validation, we demonstrate magnetic ordering as an important factor in the activation and transition of deformation modes from planar dislocation slip to TWIP (twinning-induced plasticity) and/or TRIP (transformation-induced plasticity). A wide compositional space of $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{r}}_{20}\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{n}}_{x}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_{y}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{20}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{z}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}(x+y+z=60$, at. %) was probed by density-functional theory calculations to search for potential alloys displaying the TWIP/TRIP effects. Three selected promising HEA compositions with varying Mn concentrations were metallurgically synthesized, processed, and probed for microstructure, deformation mechanism, and mechanical property evaluation. The differences in the deformation modes of the probed HEAs are interpreted in terms of the computed SFEs and their dependence on the predicted magnetic state, as revealed by ab initio calculations and validated by explicit magnetic measurements. It is found that the Mn content plays a key role in the stabilization of antiferromagnetic configurations which strongly impact the SFEs and eventually lead to the prevalent deformation behavior.
Vehicle Identity Recovery for Automatic Number Plate Recognition Data via Heterogeneous Network Embedding

Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) systems, which have been widely equipped in many cities, produce numerous travel data for intelligent and sustainable transportation. ANPR data operate at an individual level and carry the unique identities of vehicles, which can support personalized traffic planning. However, these systems also suffer from the common problem of missing data. Different from the traditional missing cases, we focus on the problem of the loss of vehicle identities in ANPR records due to recognition failure or other environmental factors. To address the issue, we propose a heterogeneous graph embedding framework that constructs a travel heterogeneous information network (THIN) and learns the embeddings of the entities to find the best matched vehicles for the unknown records. As a result, the recovery of vehicle identities is cast as an entity alignment task on a THIN. The proposed method integrates the vehicle group entities and context relations into the THIN for capturing the spatiotemporal relationships in vehicle travel and adopts a holographic embeddings model for better fitting the network structure. Empirically, we test it with a real ANPR dataset collected from Xuancheng, China, which has a densely-distributed camera network. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed graph structure under different missing rates. Further, we compare it with other embedding methods and the results support the superiority of holographic embeddings.
The effect of molasses levels on quality of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) silage.

This experiment was conducted t o s tudy the effect of the addition of graded levels molasses on quality of fermentation and nutritive value of sorghum silage. Four samples were made, 0.0%(control), 5%, 1 0% and 15% molasses, T he samples w ere mixed, p acked in laboratory silos (glass j ar 1 kg in volume) a nd stored room temperature about 2 5°C for 2 5 days. Chemical co mposition, p H, color, sm ell and texture of the silage we re s tudied. In v itro gas production was carried out . In v itro orga nic mat ter digestibility (IVOMD) a nd metabolic energy (M E) w ere calculated. C P and Ash were significantly (p<0.05) in creased due to increase in molasses le vels. While ADF and NDF were decreased significantly (p<0.05). Increase in m olasses l evels improved the gas production pa rameters (a), (b), (a+b) and (c). IVOMD and ME were significantly (p<0.05) im proved. A DF and NDF were positively co rrelated with (a) a nd negatively with (b), (a +b) a nd (c).
Gene expression profiling of corpus luteum reveals the 1 importance of immune system during early pregnancy in 2 domestic sheep. 3

: The majority of pregnancy loss in ruminants occurs during the preimplantation stage, which is thus 10 the most critical period determining reproductive success. While ovulation rate is the major determinant of 11 litter size in sheep, interactions among the conceptus, corpus luteum and endometrium are essential for 12 pregnancy success. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome study by sequencing total mRNA from 13 corpus luteum (CL) collected during the preimplantation stage of pregnancy in Finnsheep, Texel and F1 14 crosses, and mapping the RNA-Seq reads to the latest Rambouillet reference genome. A total of 21,287 genes 15 were expressed in our dataset. Highly expressed autosomal genes in the CL were associated with biological 16 processes such as progesterone formation ( STAR , CYP11A1 , and HSD3B1 ) and embryo implantation (eg. 17 TIMP1 , TIMP2 and TCTP ). Among the list of differentially expressed genes, a group of sialic acid-binding 18 immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectins (Siglecs), solute carriers ( SLC13A5 , SLC15A2 , SLC44A5 ) and chemokines 19 ( CCL5 , CXCL13 , CXCL9 ) were upregulated in Finnsheep, while four multidrug resistance-associated proteins 20 (MRPs) were upregulated in Texel ewes. A total of 17 genes and two non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) were 21 differentially expressed in breed-wise comparisons owing to flushing diet effect. Moreover, we report, for the 22 first time in any species, several genes that are active in the CL during early pregnancy (including SIGLEC13 , 23 SIGLEC14 , SIGLEC6 , MRP4, and CA5A ). Importantly, functional analysis of differentially expressed genes 24 suggested that Finnsheep have a better immune system than Texel and that high prolificacy in Finnsheep 25 might be governed by immune system regulation.
The distribution and magnitude of subglacial erosion on millennial timescales at Engabreen, Norway

Abstract We quantify the magnitude of millennial-scale glacial erosion at Engabreen, a temperate glacier in coastal northern Norway, using the in situ cosmogenic nuclides carbon-14 (14C) and beryllium-10 (10Be) in bedrock exposed recently by glacial retreat. Nuclide concentrations show no dependence on distance down or across the valley. As such, resulting Holocene erosion depths along two transects perpendicular to glacier flow are highly variable with no systematic distribution, ranging from 0.10 to 2.95 m. We observed 14C–10Be ratios elevated above the production ratio in samples of abraded bedrock, which is counter to the expectation for surfaces covered during the Holocene and exposed only recently. Muon reactions produce nuclides at greater depths than do spallation reactions and 14C at production rates at higher than those of 10Be, resulting in 14C–10Be ratios that increase with depth. Therefore, elevated 14C–10Be ratios indicate that sampled sites were deeply plucked during recent cover, the Little Ice Age in this case, and then rapidly abraded prior to retreat. Our results suggest that, while glacial erosion can generate a u-shaped valley profile over long periods of time (e.g., 105–107 years), the discontinuous nature of glacial plucking produces spatially variable patterns of erosion over shorter millennial timescales.
The relationship between job satisfaction and performance at work: case of Tunisian accounting firms

Article history: Received February 2 2019 Received in revised format February 27 2020 Accepted March 8 2020 Available online March 8 2020 Research on the impact of satisfaction on job performance has proliferated over the last few years; however, the results are deemed inconclusive. Here, a total of 240 accounting professionals participated in this study through a questionnaire survey. The four career stages were integrated into our model as a moderating variable of the relationship between job satisfaction and performance. The results prove that the further we move through career stages, the stronger the relationship between satisfaction and performance at work is. by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada 20 © 20
A conflict‐free replicated data type for collaborative annotation systems

With the advent of Web 2.0, numerous collaborative annotation systems have been developed in an effort to enable distant users to annotate the same multimedia resources such as texts, audio, images, and videos. However, the existing systems do not support the semantic aspect of the data available on the Web and ignore the convergence aspect when executing concurrent annotations. Based on the technologies of Semantic Web, this article presents a new conflict‐free replicated data type called OAC‐Set, which extends Open Annotation Collaboration data model to enable concurrent annotations while guaranteeing convergence, causality, and intention preservation criteria. The experimental results show that our approach is efficient and effective.
Assessment of the nutrient contents of broiler starter and finisher diets in Nigeria

The study was conducted to assess the proximate composition and amino acid profiles of six (6) commercial broiler starter and finisher diets. Four samples of each feed type were procured from different feed vendors within Abuja metropolis and subjected to proximate and amino acid analyses. The dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat and ash contents of broiler starter and finisher diets were observed to be within the levels of 92.2 – 94.4%, 21.5-24.6%, 4.0 – 8.7%, 5.5 – 8.7% and 7.9 – 12.0% and 91.64-94.38%, 19.06-22.63%, 4.41-8.77%, 5.37-8.41% and 7.87-11.25%, respectively, and were within the ranges quoted on the labels of the feeds analyzed. The results also showed that there was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the crude protein (4), arginine, methionine, isoleucine, threonine and valine contents of the broiler starter diets compared with the vatusin the nutrient tables of NRC. , Except for methionine+cystein which was lower (P 0.05), leucine, valine, phenylalaline+thyrocine and glycine+serine values of the test finisher diets were significantly (P<0.05) different from NRC recommendation for broilers aged 3-6 weeks. Except for arginine, isoleucine and threonine which were similar (P<0.05) to NRC requirement table for broilers aged 6-8 weeks, CP and the other amino acid vatus of the test finisher diets were higher (P<0.05). Although, estimated chemical scores of analyzed diets revealed a generally high trend, methionine plus cystine appeared limiting in the broiler starter diets compared with recommended levels for birds aged 1-3 weeks; threonine, valine or isoeucine may be limiting in some broiler finisher diets when compared with requirement for broilers aged 3-6 weeks. Keywords : Broiler starter, broiler finisher, finished feeds, proximate composition, amino acid profile
Systematics of the Chrysoxena group of genera (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Euliini)

The authors examine relationships within the Chrysoxena group of the tortricid tribe Euliini. They define 54 species among six genera: Chrysoxena Meyrick; Vulpoxena Brown, new genus; Thoridia Brown, new genus; Dorithia Powell; Cuproxena Powell and Brown, new genus; and Bidorpitia Brown, new genus. Using cladistic methods, the authors develop a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genera and species groups of Dorithia and Cuproxena. A systematic treatment of the included species provides appropriate generic assignment for several previously misplaced species and describes many taxa as new.
Daily Crude Oil Price Forecasting Based on Improved CEEMDAN, SCA, and RVFL: A Case Study in WTI Oil Market

Crude oil is one of the strategic energies and plays an increasingly critical role effecting on the world economic development. The fluctuations of crude oil prices are caused by various extrinsic and intrinsic factors and usually demonstrate complex characteristics. Therefore, it is a great challenge for accurately forecasting crude oil prices. In this study, a self-optimizing ensemble learning model incorporating the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), and random vector functional link (RVFL) neural network, namely ICEEMDAN-SCA-RVFL, is proposed to forecast crude oil prices. Firstly, we employ ICEEMDAN to decompose the raw series of crude oil prices into a group of relatively simple subseries. Secondly, RVFL is used to forecast the target values for each decomposed subseries individually. Due to the complex parameter settings of ICEEMDAN and RVFL, SCA is introduced to optimize the parameters for ICEEMDAN and RVFL in the above decomposition and prediction stages simultaneously. Finally, we assemble the predicted values of all individual subseries as the final predicted values of crude oil prices. Our proposed ICEEMDAN-SCA-RVFL significantly outperforms the single and ensemble benchmark models, as demonstrated by a case study conducted using the time series of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) daily crude oil spot prices.
Does the number of perpetrators matter? An extension and re‐analysis of workplace bullying as a risk factor for exclusion from working life

Based on a nationally representative sample ( N = 1,613) and a true prospective design, we show that the link between self-labelled workplace bullying and exclusion from working life (i.e., becoming a non-participant in working life) over a 5-year time lag becomes stronger with increasing numbers of perpetrators involved. The amount of exposure to bullying behaviours could not explain the added effect of multiple perpetrators, indicating that the presence of multiple perpetrators is significant in and of itself. A post hoc descriptive cross-tabulation analysis also showed that when one or two perpetrators were involved at T1, the rate of exclusion from working life 5 years later did not differ substantially from the normal population's exclusion rate. When three or more perpetrators were involved, on the other hand, the exclusion rate approached 50%, indicating that ≥ 3 perpetrators could denote a critical cut-off point for a distinguishable group-bullying phenomenon, at least with respect to exclusion from working life.
Market Trading Model of Urban Energy Internet Based on Tripartite Game Theory

As an important driving force to promote the energy revolution, the emergence of the energy internet has provided new ideas for the marketization and flexibility of multi-energy transactions. How to realize multi-energy joint trading is a key issue in the development of the energy market. An urban energy internet market trading model among energy suppliers, energy service providers and the large users in the urban area, based on tripartite game theory, is established in this paper. Considering the cost–income function of each market entity and the basic market trading mechanism, a new game-tree search method is proposed to solve the Nash equilibria for the game model. The Nash equilibria of the tripartite game can be obtained, and the market transaction status corresponding to the Nash equilibria is analyzed from the perspective of the market transactions. The multi-energy joint transaction and market equilibria can be easily implemented for the bids and offers of the multiple energy entities in the urban energy internet market.