Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physicians’ Burnout (and That of Psychologists, Nurses, Magistrates, Researchers, and Professors) For a Control Program*

Just as with burnout in other social sectors, burnout among physicians is acquiring epidemic proportions. After describing the pathology, this article covers the multidisciplinary aspects of its clinical management. As for prevention, the article describes the importance of the socially motivated, professionally oriented management of health care services, courts, universities, and schools for preventing burnout and contrasts such features with the characteristics of their industrial and commercial management.
A slicing parameter optimization method using group search optimization algorithm in STL model for 3D printing application

In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of 3D printing, a slicing direction and thickness optimization method based on group search optimization (GSO) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, according to the geometric characteristics of STL data model, the relationship between volume error, production time and layered direction and thickness in 3D printing is analyzed, and a weighted objective function is constructed. Then, the GSO algorithm is used to optimize the solution space to obtain the optimal slicing parameters. The experimental results show that this method can effectively reduce the volume error and improve the printing efficiency.
Description of the influence of age , period and cohort effects on cervical cancer mortality by loglinear Poisson models ( Belgium , 1955-94 )

Background: Cervical cancer mortality in Belgium has been decreasing continuously over the last forty years. This might generate the impression that the trend has hardly been influenced by changing exposure to etiologic factors or by increasing attendance to screening conducted since twenty years. It is important to separate out the role of ageing, period of death and period of birth (cohort). Method: An age-period-cohort analysis, based on Poisson regression, was performed on cervical cancer mortality in Belgium between 1955 and 1994 in women between 20 and 79 years. The method of model building as proposed by Clayton (1, 2) is used. A linear secular trend (drift) can be isolated but not attributed to either periodor cohort-effects. Only the nonlinear deviations are estimable using second differences contrasts. Overdispersion is allowed. Address for correspondence: Scientific Institute of Public Health, J. Wytsmanstreet 14, B1050 Brussels, Belgium. Tel: +32 2 6425021; fax: +32 2 6425410; Email: marc.arbyn@ iph.fgov. be 1 Scientific Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Brussels, Belgium. 2 Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Centre for Statistics, Diepenbeek, Belgium. 74 Arbyn M, Van Oyen H, Sartor F, Tibaldi F, Molenberghs G. Results: The mortality decreased with about 50% over the last four decades. A full age-period-cohort model, adjusted for extra-Poisson variation, was necessary to adequately describe the trends. Strong cohorteffects were observed, besides age and drift. The non-linear period effect was significant but limited in magnitude. Conclusions: The cohort effects seem to coincide with changing sexual behaviour of successive generations. The existence of a substantial negative drift factor shows that the decrease of mortality cannot be ascribed simply to prevention by Papanicolaou testing. Otherwise it does not provide evidence that screening was not influential. It is possible that screening further prolonged the effect of earlier clinical diagnosis and treatment due to improved access to health care.
Misidentification of Vespula alascensis as V. vulgaris in North America (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Vespinae)

Abstract Morphological and molecular-based comparisons of the North American yellowjackets identified as Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) with samples from other parts of the world demonstrate they are not that species. The name Vespula alascensis (Packard, 1870) is applicable to the North American species, new status. Vespa communis de Saussure, 1857, non von Schrank, 1785, is a synonym of Vespula maculifrons (du Buysson, 1905), REVISED SYNONYMY.
Missing OH reactivity in the global marine boundary layer

Abstract. The hydroxyl radical (OH) reacts with thousands of chemical species in the atmosphere, initiating their removal and the chemical reaction sequences that produce ozone, secondary aerosols, and gas-phase acids. OH reactivity, which is the inverse of OH lifetime, influences the OH abundance and the ability of OH to cleanse the atmosphere. The NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) campaign used instruments on the NASA DC-8 aircraft to measure OH reactivity and more than 100 trace chemical species. ATom presented a unique opportunity to test the completeness of the OH reactivity calculated from the chemical species measurements by comparing it to the measured OH reactivity over two oceans across four seasons. Although the calculated OH reactivity was below the limit of detection for the ATom instrument used to measure OH reactivity throughout much of the free troposphere, the instrument was able to measure the OH reactivity in and just above the marine boundary layer. The mean measured value of OH reactivity in the marine boundary layer across all latitudes and all ATom deployments was 1.9 s−1, which is 0.5 s−1 larger than the mean calculated OH reactivity. The missing OH reactivity, the difference between the measured and calculated OH reactivity, varied between 0 and 3.5 s−1, with the highest values over the Northern Hemisphere Pacific Ocean. Correlations of missing OH reactivity with formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfide, butanal, and sea surface temperature suggest the presence of unmeasured or unknown volatile organic compounds or oxygenated volatile organic compounds associated with ocean emissions.
Segmentation of Soft Tissues and Tumors from Biomedical Images using Optimized K-Means Clustering via Level Set formulation

Biomedical Image-segmentation is one of the ways towards removing an area of attentiveness by making various segments of an image. The segmentation of biomedical images is considered as one of the challenging tasks in many clinical applications due to poor illuminations, intensity inhomogeneity and noise. In this paper, we propose a new segmentation method which is called Optimized K-Means Clustering via Level Set Formulation. The proposed method diversified into two stages for efficient segmentation of soft tissues and tumor‘s from MRI brain Scans Images, which is called pre-processing and post-processing. In the first stage, a hybrid approach is considered as pre-processing is called Optimized K-Means Clustering which is the combined approach of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) as well as K-Means Clustering for improve the clustering efficiency. We choose the ̳optimal‘ cluster centers by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for improving the clustering efficiency. During the process of pre-processing, these segmentation results suffer from few drawbacks such as outliers, edge and boundary leakage problems. In this regard, post-processing is necessary to minimize the obstacles, so we are implementing pre-processing results by using level-set method for smoothed and accurate segmentation of regions from biomedical images such as MRI brain images over existing level set methods.
Exploring E-Planning Practices in Different Contexts: Similarities and Differences Between Helsinki and Sydney

As planners and decision-makers experiment with information and communication technologies (ICTs), itâ€™s important to explore and analyze these attempts in different planning systems and contexts. The aim of the article is to compare the use of and aspirations attached to e-planning in Helsinki, Finland and Sydney, Australia. This comparison will highlight the interrelationship between planning context and its amenability to an e-planning approach and shows there are shared themes in both cases: firstly, the complexity involved in reconciling the aims of the e-planning experiments and their connection to the planning process itself (roles, objectives, implementation of tools and processes). Secondly, the way that e-planning opens up cracks in the faA§ade of administration, and thirdly, the ways in which e-planning provides possibilities to reshape existing planning procedures. The authors argue that the different planning and governance contexts affect the adoption of e-planning and this adoption is necessarily a selective process.
Inhibitory interaction networks among coevolved Streptomyces populations from prairie soils

Soil microbes live within highly complex communities, where community composition, function, and evolution are the product of diverse interactions among community members. Analysis of the complex networks of interactions within communities has the potential to shed light on community stability, functioning, and evolution. However, we have little understanding of the variation in interaction networks among coevolved soil populations. We evaluated networks of antibiotic inhibitory interactions among sympatric Streptomyces communities from prairie soil. Inhibition networks differed significantly in key network characteristics from expectations under null models, largely reflecting variation among Streptomyces in the number of sympatric populations that they inhibited. Moreover, networks of inhibitory interactions within Streptomyces communities differed significantly from each other, suggesting unique network structures among soil communities from different locations. Analyses of tri-partite interactions (triads) showed that some triads were significantly over- or under- represented, and that communities differed in ‘preferred’ triads. These results suggest that local processes generate distinct structures among sympatric Streptomyces inhibition networks in soil. Understanding the properties of microbial interaction networks that generate competitive and functional capacities of soil communities will shed light on the ecological and coevolutionary history of sympatric populations, and provide a foundation for more effective management of inhibitory capacities of soil microbial communities.
On application of fractional differintegral operator to the K4- function - doi: 10.5269/bspm.v30i1.13365

The object of this paper is to introduce a new function called K4- function defined by the author in terms of some special functions, which is an extension of the G-function defined by Lorenzo and Hartley (4) and demonstrate how K4-function is closely related to another special functions, namely Lorenzo- Hartleyâ's R-function, Robotnov and Hartleyâ's F-function, Mittag-Leffler function, generalized Mittag-Leffler function, Exponential function. The differintegration of that function is also investigated. As special cases most of the results obtained in this paper are believed to be new and include some of the results given earlier by other authors.
Modeling Price Differentials between A Shares and H Shares on the Chinese Stock Market

In this paper, we model the price differentials between A shares and H shares in the Chinese stock markets with both macroeconomic factors and firm specific factors, which successfully explain the A share price premium. Discounts of H-share prices relative to A-share prices are related to the contemporaneous movements of the H-share local market index relative to the A-share local market index, the spread of interest rates and inflation rates between Hong Kong and mainland China as well as firm size, liquidity and volatility of the stock. A share price premium has decreased after the launch of QFII which aims at integration of Chinese stock markets. However, we cannot conclude that these markets are integrated.
Coastal Inundation Adaptive Strategy in Semarang Coastal Area

Semarang Coastal has a high level of vulnerability to inundation, river the phenomena encountered. The aims of study to map the level of vulnerability and adaptive capacity of the region in facing the phenomenon and provide an alternative strategy in facing the impact of inundation in coastal areas. Based on capacity index and vulnerability index in 2015, most urban villages are located in quadrant 3 (58 villages), in quadrant 1 (36 villages) and quadrant 4 (5 villages). the results showed that most of villages located at coastal areas had a high vulnerability with low adaptive capacity. Considering spatial planning (RTRW) for 2030, population density changes, Semarang 2011-2030 spatial plan (RTRW) a major shift towards the quadrant 2 was observed, suggesting an increased capacity to encountered inundation susceptibility.
YIELD AND QUALITY OF CHERRY TOMATO FRUITS IN HYDROPONIC CULTIVATION PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DE FRUTOS DE TOMATE CEREJA EM CULTIVO HIDROPONIA

Because of the food and industrial importance of tomato, it holds great significance, and is one of the most produced species using the hydroponic cultivation systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of nutrient solution on the production and quality of cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum ‘Samambaia’) grown in a hydroponic system in protected conditions. The experiment was conducted in pots filled with coconut fiber substrate using a randomized complete block design with four replications and six plants per plot. Five concentrations of nutrients were evaluated (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the standard nutrient solution); the solutions produced the following electrical conductivities: 1.8, 2.0, 2.6, 3.4, and 3.9 dS m, respectively. At 90 days after transplanting, the tomato fruits were harvested, at which time the production variables and post-harvest quality of mature fruits were determined. The best production and post-harvest quality indexes of cherry tomatoes (‘Samambaia’) were found when using 111% of the standard nutrient solution, corresponding to the concentrations of 9.44, 2.44, 2.22, 6.44, 4.11, 2.44, and 2.78 mmolc L, of NO3, NH4, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S, respectively; and 66.6, 55.5, 14.4, 1.89, 0.56, and 0.44 mmolc L, of Fe, B, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. Nutrient solutions with electrical conductivity above 2.89 dS m severely reduced the fruit yield of cherry tomatoes.
A prospective analysis of efficacy of fenestration discectomy in patients with symptomatic lumbar disc prolapse

Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Fenestration Discectomy in symptomatic Lumbar Disc Prolapse in terms of pain relief, recovery of neurological deficit and assessing complication rates. Material and Method: 20 cases of symptomatic lumbar disc prolapse, not responding to conservative measures for 6 weeks were treated with fenestration discectomy and followed for a period of 2 and a half years from June 2014 to dec 2016. Result: Out of 20 cases, overall results include best result in 16, good in 2, fair in 1 and poor in 1.Spinal movements improved in 16 cases, worsened in 1 and remained same in 3 cases. SLR improved in 19 cases and remained same in 1 case. Out of 8 patients with neurological deficit, 6 recovered and 2 remained the same. Complications like dural tear occurred in 2 cases, EHL weakness occurred in 1 case and infection occurred in 1 case. Conclusion: 80 % of cases had best results, 10% had good results, 5% fair result and 5% poor result. Success of surgery depends on selection of patients, correct identification of level intra operatively and avoiding complications.
Who should access germline genome sequencing? A mixed methods study of patient views

Implementation of any new medical test, including germline genome sequencing (GS) to inform cancer risk, should take place only when a test is effective, ethically justifiable and acceptable to a population. Little empirical evidence exists on patient views regarding GS for cancer risk. The aim of this study was to elicit opinions on who should be offered GS and who should pay for it. Participants with a probable genetic basis for their cancer (n = 335) and blood relatives (n = 199) were recruited to undergo GS and invited to complete questionnaires at baseline. A subset (n = 40) also participated in qualitative interviews about their views regarding access to GS to detect cancer risk. Our response rate was 92% for questionnaires and 100% for interviews. Participants expressed high enthusiasm overall for access to GS for those with a family history of cancer and anyone who requested testing, but enthusiasm was lower for universal access, if opting out was possible and finances not an issue. Rationales for these views reflected maximising the sound use of resources. Challenges to introducing community screening via GS to limit cancer burden were raised, including the current limits of science and individual ability to cope with uncertain results. Participants undergoing GS supported cancer risk testing for those with a family history of cancer but were concerned about the challenges of designing and implementing a population‐based GS cancer‐screening program.
Intelligent Connector (I-Connector) Design and Demand Response in Smart Grid

Despite the significant effort spent the efficient and reliable delivery of energy to individual households remains an unsolved challenge. One of the key roadblocks is the high complexity of the smart grid system. In this paper we propose a new architecture for the management of the energy flow between smart grid and households. The proposed design strives to dynamically balance and optimize the amount of energy between the grid and the various smart homes. The preliminary experimental results show that the proposed design can capture the major characteristics of a smart home system, and when combined with higher level optimization tools has the potential to provide significant energy saving.
Evaluation of the Effect of Irrigation on Biometric Growth, Physiological Response, and Essential Oil of Mentha spicata (L.)

A field experiment was performed on spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) under different irrigation regimes in a hilly area of Southern Italy. Objectives of the study include evaluating the physiological and biometrical response of mint from plant establishment up to its complete maturation, as well as the yield composition in essential oil at two different dates. Increasing levels of water stress affected later developing leaves and plant’s water status and net photosynthesis (from the beginning of stress (DAT 63), while affecting negatively the biometric response very soon and significantly from 35 DAT. Photosynthesis limitation played a critical role from DAT 53 on, namely later, in the harvest period (DAT 35–70). Under severe water stress, crop restricted water losses by modulating stomatal closure and, at harvest, showing lowered mesophyll conductance. Irrigation treatments did not affect the concentration of organic compounds, while the yield of essential oils was negatively affected by water stress due to reduced crop growth, in terms of total and leaf biomass, leaf area index (LAI) and crop height.
Impact of climate and hydrochemistry on shape variation – a case study on Neotropical cytheroidean Ostracoda

Impact of climate and hydrochemistry on shape variation – a case study on Neotropical cytheroidean Ostracoda Claudia Wrozyna, Thomas A. Neubauer, Juliane Meyer, Maria Ines F. Ramos Werner E. Piller 1 Institute of Earth Sciences, NAWI Graz Geocenter, University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria 2 Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany 5 3 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands 4 Coordenação de Ciências da Terra e Ecologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 66077-830, Brazil
Extracellular vesicles transmit epithelial growth factor activity in the intestinal stem cell niche

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane‐surrounded vesicles that represent a novel way of intercellular communication by carrying biologically important molecules in a concentrated and protected form. The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by a small proliferating intestinal stem cell (ISC) population, residing at the bottom of the intestinal crypts in a specific microenvironment, the stem cell niche. By using 3D mouse and human intestinal organoids, we show that intestinal fibroblast‐derived EVs are involved in forming the ISC niche by transmitting Wnt and epidermal growth factor (EGF) activity. With a mouse model that expresses EGFP in the Lgr5+ ISCs, we prove that loss in ISC number in the absence of EGF is prevented by fibroblast‐derived EVs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that intestinal fibroblast‐derived EVs carry EGF family members, such as amphiregulin. Mechanistically, blocking EV‐bound amphiregulin inhibited the EV‐induced survival of organoids. In contrast, EVs have no role in transporting R‐Spondin, a critical niche factor amplifying Wnt signaling. Collectively, we prove the important role of fibroblast‐derived EVs as a novel transmission mechanism of factors in the normal ISC niche.
Facile one step formation and screening of tumor spheroids in hanging droplets on the miniaturized Droplet-Microarray platform

Tumor spheroids or microtumors are important 3D in vitro tumor models, possessing in vivo-like tumor microenvironment. Microtumors are widely applied in the fields of fundamental cancer research, drug discovery and precision medicine. In precision medicine tumor spheroids derived from patient tumor cells represent a promising system for drug sensitivity and resistance testing. Current methods for 3D spheroids fabrication and screening require large number of cells and compounds and not always result in formation of a single spheroid per well. In this study we demonstrate an application of the Droplet Microarray platform, based on hydrophilicsuperhydrophobic patterning, in combination with the method of hanging droplet for the formation of highly miniaturized single-spheroid-microarrays. We demonstrate formation of spheroids from several commonly used cancer cell lines in 100 nL droplets starting with as few as 150 cells per spheroid within 24 48 hours. We establish a highly miniaturized and fast assay for screening of anti-cancer compounds on tumor spheroids, which carries a potential to be adopted for routine workflows of high-throughput compound screening in 3D cell cultures.
LRRK 2 G 2019 S-induced mitochondrial DNA damage is LRRK 2 kinase dependent and inhibition restores mtDNA integrity in Parkinson ’ s disease

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are associated with increased risk for developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). Previously, we found that LRRK2 G2019S mutation carriers have increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and after zinc finger nuclease-mediated gene mutation correction, mtDNA damage was no longer detectable. While the mtDNA damage phenotype can be unambiguously attributed to the LRRK2 G2019S mutation, the underlying mechanism(s) is unknown. Here, we examine the role of LRRK2 kinase function in LRRK2 G2019S-mediated mtDNA damage, using both genetic and pharmacological approaches in cultured neurons and PD patient-derived cells. Expression of LRRK2 G2019S induced mtDNA damage in primary rat midbrain neurons, but not in cortical neuronal cultures. In contrast, the expression of LRRK2 wild type or LRRK2 D1994A mutant (kinase dead) had no effect on mtDNA damage in either midbrain or cortical neuronal cultures. In addition, human LRRK2 G2019S patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) demonstrated increased mtDNA damage relative to age-matched controls. Importantly, treatment of LRRK2 G2019S expressing midbrain neurons or patient-derived LRRK2 G2019S LCLs with the LRRK2 kinase inhibitor GNE-7915, either prevented or restored mtDNA damage to control levels. These findings support the hypothesis that LRRK2 G2019S-induced mtDNA damage is LRRK2 kinase activity dependent, uncovering a novel pathological role for this kinase. Blocking or reversing mtDNA damage via LRRK2 kinase inhibition or other therapeutic approaches may be useful to slow PD-associated pathology.