Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of P,T-Parity Violation Effects in Polar Heavy-Atom Molecules

Summary. Investigation of P,T-parity nonconservation (PNC) phenomena is of fundamental importance for physics. Experiments to search for PNC eﬀects have been performed on TlF and YbF molecules and are in progress for PbO and PbF molecules. For interpretation of molecular PNC experiments it is necessary to calculate those needed molecular properties which cannot be measured. In particular, electronic densities in heavy-atom cores are required for interpretation of the measured data in terms of the P,T-odd properties of elementary particles or P,T-odd interactions between them. Reliable calculations of the core properties (PNC eﬀect, hyperﬁne structure etc., which are described by the operators heavily concentrated in atomic cores or on nuclei) usually require accurate accounting for both relativistic and correlation eﬀects in heavy-atom systems. In this paper, some basic aspects of the experimental search for PNC eﬀects in heavy-atom molecules and the computational methods used in their electronic structure calculations are discussed. The latter include the generalized relativistic eﬀective core potential (GRECP) approach and the methods of nonvariational and variational one-center restoration of correct shapes of four-component spinors in atomic cores after a two-component GRECP calculation of a molecule. Their eﬃciency is illustrated with calculations of parameters of the eﬀective P,T-odd spin-rotational Hamiltonians in the molecules PbF, HgF, YbF, BaF, TlF, and PbO.
Telling their story: perspectives of young women, their caregivers and service providers regarding the experiences of growing up with perinatally-acquired HIV in Malawi

Background Globally, the number of adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV continues to rise including in Malawi. To date, this group has received relatively less attention in the field of HIV care; yet they are increasingly surviving into adulthood. There is a growing need for the development of appropriate care and support services for this group; however their sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs remain poorly addressed. Research Aim This study aimed to explore perinatally-infected young women’s experiences of growing up with HIV in order to understand their SRH outcomes within their wider socio-cultural and structural context. Methods A qualitative case study design was adopted whereby each ‘case’ comprised a female adolescent (15-19 years), a nominated caregiver and a service provider. Data was collected for 14 cases through in-depth interviews. The interviews with adolescents were based on an innovative visual method known as ‘my story book’. Results The study found that young women endured multiple losses that negatively impacted upon their sense of self and belonging. Emotional, material and social support were essential in helping them to build a sense of identity, but their access to such resources was highly variable. Young women’s strategies to seek love, acceptance or support often led them to take sexual risks and left them with little control over their reproductive health. Both the service providers and caregivers often ‘turned a blind eye’ to young women’s sexual activities, leading to poor SRH outcomes. Lack of open discussion on SRH issues was related to cultural and religious norms hindering young women’s access to information and contraception. Conclusion Addressing the complex needs of the young women poses a key challenge for Malawi’s HIV services. One way forward is to explore ways in which services could develop integrated models of care, offering a ‘one-stop shop’ to this vulnerable group.
Sample Complexity Bounds for Influence Maximization

Influence maximization (IM) is the problem of finding for a given $s\geq 1$ a set $S$ of $|S|=s$ nodes in a network with maximum influence. With stochastic diffusion models, the influence of a set $S$ of seed nodes is defined as the expectation of its reachability over simulations, where each simulation specifies a deterministic reachability function. Two well-studied special cases are the Independent Cascade (IC) and the Linear Threshold (LT) models of Kempe, Kleinberg, and Tardos. The influence function in stochastic diffusion is unbiasedly estimated by averaging reachability values over i.i. d. simulations. We study the IM sample complexity: the number of simulations needed to determine a $(1-\epsilon)$-approximate maximizer with confidence $1-\delta$. Our main result is a surprising upper bound of $O( s \tau \epsilon^{-2} \ln \frac{n}{\delta})$ for a broad class of models that includes IC and LT models and their mixtures, where $n$ is the number of nodes and $\tau$ is the number of diffusion steps. Generally $\tau \ll n$, so this significantly improves over the generic upper bound of $O(s n \epsilon^{-2} \ln \frac{n}{\delta})$. Our sample complexity bounds are derived from novel upper bounds on the variance of the reachability that allow for small relative error for influential sets and additive error when influence is small. Moreover, we provide a data-adaptive method that can detect and utilize fewer simulations on models where it suffices. Finally, we provide an efficient greedy design that computes an $(1-1/e-\epsilon)$-approximate maximizer from simulations and applies to any submodular stochastic diffusion model that satisfies the variance bounds.
Detection of prospective biomarkers of response to Japanese traditional (Kampo) medicines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using immune response biomarker profiling

In Japan, Kampo medicine (KM) plays a critical role in primary health care, and also in the treatment of several serious diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although traditional diagnostic methods are able to discriminate responders from non‐responders to KM, the aim of this study was to propose a methodology to translate the traditional diagnosis, and identify a predictive biomarker of the beneficial effect of KM in RA patients.
THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: ACT-CL J0102−4915 “EL GORDO,” A MASSIVE MERGING CLUSTER AT REDSHIFT 0.87

We present a detailed analysis from new multi-wavelength observations of the exceptional galaxy cluster ACT-CL J0102−4915, likely the most massive, hottest, most X-ray luminous and brightest Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (SZ) effect cluster known at redshifts greater than 0.6. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) collaboration discovered ACT-CL J0102−4915 as the most significant SZ decrement in a sky survey area of 755 deg2. Our Very Large Telescope (VLT)/FORS2 spectra of 89 member galaxies yield a cluster redshift, z = 0.870, and velocity dispersion, σgal = 1321 ± 106 km s−1. Our Chandra observations reveal a hot and X-ray luminous system with an integrated temperature of TX = 14.5 ± 0.1 keV and 0.5–2.0 keV band luminosity of LX = (2.19 ± 0.11) × 1045 h−270 erg s−1. We obtain several statistically consistent cluster mass estimates; using empirical mass scaling relations with velocity dispersion, X-ray YX, and integrated SZ distortion, we estimate a cluster mass of M200a = (2.16 ± 0.32) × 1015 h−170 M☉. We constrain the stellar content of the cluster to be less than 1% of the total mass, using Spitzer IRAC and optical imaging. The Chandra and VLT/FORS2 optical data also reveal that ACT-CL J0102−4915 is undergoing a major merger between components with a mass ratio of approximately 2 to 1. The X-ray data show significant temperature variations from a low of 6.6 ± 0.7 keV at the merging low-entropy, high-metallicity, cool core to a high of 22 ± 6 keV. We also see a wake in the X-ray surface brightness and deprojected gas density caused by the passage of one cluster through the other. Archival radio data at 843 MHz reveal diffuse radio emission that, if associated with the cluster, indicates the presence of an intense double radio relic, hosted by the highest redshift cluster yet. ACT-CL J0102−4915 is possibly a high-redshift analog of the famous Bullet cluster. Such a massive cluster at this redshift is rare, although consistent with the standard ΛCDM cosmology in the lower part of its allowed mass range. Massive, high-redshift mergers like ACT-CL J0102−4915 are unlikely to be reproduced in the current generation of numerical N-body cosmological simulations.
First-Generation Latina Commuter Students' Perception of Factors that Influence their Persistence toward College Completion

This study examined the factors that influence the persistence of first-generation Latina commuter students toward college completion. This is a qualitative study that offered insight into the experiences of first-generation Latina commuter students attending a small independent, Catholic institution composed of a predominantly Hispanic student body in an urban environment. This study adds to the existing body of literature on the persistence of first-generation Latina college students and commuter students. Institutions of higher education can benefit from learning about the lived experiences shared by the participants, the issues that confront them and how best to support them in their endeavor toward college completion. Prospective participants were collected from the Registrar's office at Mount St. Mary's College. Mount St. Mary's College is a Catholic, liberal arts, independent institution of higher education primarily for women. There are two campuses based in Los Angeles; the downtown campus, Doheny and the baccalaureate campus, Chalon, where the study was conducted. The study consisted of 19 first-generation Latina commuter students in their senior year. The study involved purposeful sampling utilizing a questionnaire as a screening device. Eligible participants were then invited for a one hour, semi-structured interview in which the researcher investigated pre-college experiences, institutional support received in transition and adjustment to college, challenges they overcame while in college, institutional programs, services and resources utilized, on- and off-campus networks, academic self-concept, and level of commitment to obtaining a college degree. Interviews were transcribed, coded and a comparative analysis was conducted across all participant transcripts to identify themes. Member check of transcripts was conducted to check for accuracy.Several factors were found to influence their persistence. They include parental expectations to attend college and the emotional support they provided. As well, the aspirational, social, familial, and resistant capitals they employed to remain resilient and successful in college. These factors validate existing theoretical frameworks. While the participants felt they had to navigate college on their own, they found attending college opened doors to their future and a desire to make a difference in their families and communities.
Natural products : drug discovery and therapeutic medicine

Part I. Fundamental Issues Related to Natural Product-Based Drug Delivery Natural Products and Drug Discovery Arnold L. Demain and Lixin Zhang Part II. Strategies Integrated Approaches for Discovering Novel Drugs From Microbial Natural Products Lixin Zhang Automated Analyses of HPLC Profiles of Microbial Extracts: A New Tool for Drug Discovery Screening Jose R. Tormo and Juan B. Garcia Manipulating Microbial Metabolites for Drug Discovery and Production C. Richard Hutchinson Improving Drug Discovery From Microorganisms Chris M. Farnet and Emmanuel Zazopoulos Developments in Strain Improvement Technology: Evolutionary Engineering of Industrial Microorganisms Through Gene, Pathway, and Genome Shuffling Stephen B. del Cardayre Part III. Specific Groups of Drugs The Discovery of Anticancer Drugs From Natural Sources David J. Newman and Gordon M. Cragg Case Studies in Natural-Product Optimization: Novel Antitumor Agents Derived From Taxus brevifolia and Catharanthus roseus Jian Hong and Shu-Hui Chen Terpenoids As Therapeutic Drugs and Pharmaceutical Agents Guangyi Wang, Weiping Tang, and Robert R. Bidigare Challenges and Opportunities in the Chinese Herbal Drug Industry Wei Jia and Lixin Zhang Arsenic Trioxide and Leukemia: From Bedside to Bench Guo-Qiang Chen, Qiong Wang, Hua Yan, and Zhu Chen Part IV. Microbial Diversity New Methods to Access Microbial Diversity for Small Molecule Discovery Karsten Zengler, Ashish Paradkar, and Martin Keller Accessing the Genomes of Uncultivated Microbes for Novel Natural Products Asuncion Martinez, Joern Hopke, Ian A. MacNeil, and Marcia S. Osburne Part V. Specific Sources New Natural-Product Diversity From Marine Actinomycetes Paul R. Jensen and WilliamFenical Novel Natural Products From Rainforest Endophytes Gary Strobel, Bryn Daisy, and Uvidelio Castillo Biological, Economic, Ecological, and Legal Aspects of Harvesting Traditional Medicine in Ecuador Alexandra Guevara-Aguirre and Ximena Chiriboga Index
Gender-specific correlates of substance use in patients with serious mental illness

The aims of this study were to examine gender differences in symptoms, functioning, substance use problems and substance use correlates in patients with serious mental illness. The current study is cross-sectional, and data were collected using the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Severe Mental Illness (HoNOS-SMI) questionnaire. The questionnaire was completed by the patients' therapists. The study included 69 participants from a register of patients at a university hospital. Men had the highest HoNOS-SMI total scores (t = 2.918, df = 67, p = 0.005) with a Cohen's d = 0.72. We also found differences between men and women on several of the HoNOS-SMI subscores and items. In descending order, the strongest correlates for substance use problems for men were non-accidental self-injury (B = 0.770, SE = 0.327, β = 0.427, p = 0.027); problems with depressed mood (B = 268, SE = 0.171, β = 0.295, p = 0.131); and overactive, aggressive, disrupted or agitated behaviour (B = 0.44, SE = 0.204, β = 0.041, p = 0.8.
General knowledge about diabetes in the elderly diabetic population in Slovenia

Background: A chronic disease, such as diabetes, represents a substantial burden for the patient. In order to accomplish good self-care, patients need to be qualified and able to accept decisions and self manage the disease on a daily basis. A high level of knowledge about the disease empowers the patient to act as an equal partner in the management of the disease. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge and overall perceptions of diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2) within the elderly population in North-East Slovenia. Moreover, we wanted to identify the differences in knowledge among the diabetic patients living in urban and rural areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study of older (age ≥ 65 years), non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus type 2 patients living in a nursing home, who visited a family physician, DM outpatient clinic or a private specialist practice, was conducted. The Slovenian version of the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test was used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 19.0. Results: A total of 225 individuals returned the questionnaire, which represents 75 % response rate. The average score was 8.0 ± 2.4. Not a single subject responded correctly to all 14 questions. The average score achieved by men and women was 8.8 ± 1.9 and 7.6 ± 2.5, respectively. There was no significant difference between the elderly living in urban and rural areas, and the level of education is the most important predictor for better results.
Nutrient composition of products prepared by incorporating amaranth (Amaranthus tricolour) leaf powder

Purpose – Amaranth leaves which are an excellent source of calcium, iron, β‐carotene and protein, grow as a weed during the rainy season in Haryana State. This study aims to incorporate nutrient dense dried amaranth leaves powder in products commonly consumed in Haryana State, India.Design/methodology/approach – Fresh amaranth leaves were dried at 50 ± 5 ○C. The products like biscuits, mathi, matar and sev commonly consumed in Haryana State, were prepared using 5 per cent dried amaranth leaf powder. Amaranth leaf powder was not added in the products which served as control. The nutrient composition of the prepared products was analysed. The nutrient composition of control and supplemented products was compared.Findings – The supplemented products like biscuit, mathi, matar and sev had significantly higher protein, fat, ash and fibre contents as compared to their control. The total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar content of supplemented biscuit was significantly higher than control bis.
A thresholding approach for detection of sputum cell for lung cancer early diagnosis

In this paper, we address the problem of detection and extraction of sputum cells that help in lung cancer early diagnosis. Our approach is based on thresholding classifier looking at the distribution of sputum pixels and non sputum pixels in RGB space for extracting the sputum cell from the raw sputum image. In this method the problem is viewed as a segmentation problem focusing on extraction of such sputum cells from the images whereby we want to partition the image into sputum cell regions including the nuclei, cytoplasm and the background that includes all the rest. These cells will be analyzed to check whether they are cancerous or not. In this study, we used a database of 100 sputum color images to test the thresholding classifier by comparing it with the ground truth data of extracted sputum cells and it has shown a better extraction result than previous work. Moreover, we computed a histogram for different color spaces (RGB, YCbCr, HSV, L*a*b* and XYZ) to find the best color space with low false detection rate. We used some performance criteria such as precision, specificity and accuracy to evaluate the improved thresholding classifier.
Incidence of Opportunistic Infections among Adult HIV Positive People Receiving Co-trimoxazole Prophylaxis

In Ethiopia, Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis therapy (CPT) used to prevent opportunistic infections among people living with HIV is the standard of practice; however incidence of opportunistic infection and their predictors are rarely documented in the country. This was a retrospective follow up study to describe the incidence and predictors of opportunistic infections among 244 adults receiving CPT. Participants were followed for a median time of 72 weeks. During a study period a total of 53opportunistic infections were recorded; making the overall incidence rate 23.9/100 person-years. High incidence of opportunistic infections is likely to occur if: the clients were married (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 1.965;(95% CI: 1.109, 3.451), had history of tuberculosis treatment (AHR: 2.34(95% CI:1.05, 5.24)), patients who are indicated for CPT because of both clinical and WHO clinical staging criteria(AHR 2.418 (95% CI:1.02, 5.72 ),and had poor adherence to CPT (AHR, 2.11 (95% CI: 1.19-3.72)). Eventhough adherence is non-substitutable strategy to prevent opportunistic infection, the cohort of HIV patients failed to adhere to CPT, which in turn resulthigh incidence of opportunistic infections among them, therefore improving adherence as guideline should be a priority to prevent OIs among people living with HIV in the study region.
Metaraminol- ein Antidot bei SKAT-bedingter prolongierter Erektion

Sur 65 malades traites par autoinjections du corps caverneux le seules complications ont ete 6 fois des erections prolongees. Dans 3 cas le traitement par ponction et aspiration du corps caverneux a ete efficace. Dans les 3 autres cas l'erection prolongee a cesse apres injection intracaverneux de 2 mg de metaraminol
From clarity to efficiency for distributed algorithms

This paper describes a very high-level language for clear description of distributed algorithms and optimizations necessary for generating efficient implementations. The language supports high-level control flows where complex synchronization conditions can be expressed using high-level queries, especially logic quantifications, over message history sequences. Unfortunately, the programs would be extremely inefficient, including consuming unbounded memory, if executed straightforwardly. We present new optimizations that automatically transform complex synchronization conditions into incremental updates of necessary auxiliary values as messages are sent and received. The core of the optimizations is the first general method for efficient implementation of logic quantifications. We have developed an operational semantics of the language, implemented a prototype of the compiler and the optimizations, and successfully used the language and implementation on a variety of important distributed algorithms.
Use of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy to predict risk for relapse: The SUCCESS trial.

1003 Background: The prognostic significance of CTCs in MBC has been demonstrated. We evaluated whether the presence of CTC before and after adjuvant chemotherapy increases the risk of subsequent relapse and death. Methods: We analyzed 23 mL of peripheral blood from 1,489 N+ and high risk N- breast cancer pts before and after adjuvant taxane based chemotherapy. CTC were assessed with the CellSearchSystem (Veridex, USA). After immunomagnetic enrichment with an anti-Epcam-antibody, cells were labelled with anti-Ck8/18/19 and anti-CD45 antibodies to distinguish between epithelial cells and leukocytes. Pts were followed for a median of 32 months. Results: In 9.4% of pts (n > 140) > 1 CTC was detected before the start of systemic treatment (median 1, range 1-827), while 8.7% (n > 129) presented with > 1 CTC (median 1, range 1-124) after chemotherapy. Pts with CTC before treatment had significantly more lymphnodes involved (p < 0.01), but no correlation to tumor size, grading and HR-Status could be found. 85 re.
Relativistic solution of Iordanskii problem in multi-constituent superfluid mechanics

Flow past a line vortex in a simple perfect ﬂuid or superﬂuid gives rise to a transverse Magnus force that is given by the well known Joukowski lift formula. The problem of generalising this to multiconstituent superﬂuid models has been controversial since it was originally posed by the work of Iordanski in the context of the Landau 2-constituent model for 4 He at ﬁnite temperature. The present work deals not just with this particular case but with the generic category of perfect multiconstituent models including the kind proposed for a mixture of 4 He and 3 He by Andreev and Bashkin. It is shown here (using a relativistic approach) that each constituent will provide a contribution proportional to the product of the corresponding momentum circulation integral with the associated asymptotic current density.