Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore by the Outer Membrane Does Not Involve the Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor (Translocator Protein of 18 kDa (TSPO))*

Background: TSPO has been proposed to be a critical regulator of the permeability transition pore (PTP). Results: TSPO-null mitochondria and cardiac tissue show no difference from controls in pore function, response to ligands, or response to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Conclusion: Regulation of the PTP by the outer membrane must rely on unknown proteins. Significance: Our results call into question studies implicating TSPO in pathological processes through the PTP. Translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO) is a highly conserved, ubiquitous protein localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane, where it is thought to play a key role in the mitochondrial transport of cholesterol, a key step in the generation of steroid hormones. However, it was first characterized as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor because it appears to be responsible for high affinity binding of a number of benzodiazepines to non-neuronal tissues. Ensuing studies have employed natural and synthetic ligands to assess the role of TSPO function in a number of natural and pathological circumstances. Largely through the use of these compounds and biochemical associations, TSPO has been proposed to play a role in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), which has been associated with cell death in many human pathological conditions. Here, we critically assess the role of TSPO in the function of the PTP through the generation of mice in which the Tspo gene has been conditionally eliminated. Our results show that 1) TSPO plays no role in the regulation or structure of the PTP, 2) endogenous and synthetic ligands of TSPO do not regulate PTP activity through TSPO, 3) outer mitochondrial membrane regulation of PTP activity occurs though a mechanism that does not require TSPO, and 4) hearts lacking TSPO are as sensitive to ischemia-reperfusion injury as hearts from control mice. These results call into question a wide variety of studies implicating TSPO in a number of pathological processes through its actions on the PTP.
Ferric citrate transport in Escherichia coli requires outer membrane receptor protein fecA

Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 AB2847 and of E. coli K-12 AN92 were isolated which were unable to grow on ferric citrate as the sole iron source. Of 22 mutants, 6 lacked an outer membrane protein, designated FecA protein, which was expressed by growing cells in the presence of 1 mM citrate. Outer membranes showed an enhanced binding of radioactive iron, supplied as a citrate complex, depending on the amount of FecA protein. The FecA protein was the most resistant of the proteins involved in ferric irion iron translocation across the outer membrane (FhuA = TonA, FepA, Cir, or 83K proteins) to the action of pronase P. It is also shown that previously isolated fec mutants (G. C. Woodrow et al., J. Bacteriol. 133:1524-1526, 1978) which are cotransducible with argF all lack the FecA protein. They were termed fecA to distinguish them from the other ferric citrate transport mutants, now designated fecB, which mapped in the same gene region at 7 min but were not cotransducible with ArgF. E. coli W83-24 and Salmonella typhimurium, which are devoid of a citrate-dependent iron transport system, lacked the FecA protein. It is proposed that the FecA protein participates in the transport of ferric citrate.
Structured data extraction from the web

This thesis studies the problem of extracting structured data from Web pages (semi-structured documents). Structured data on the Web are usually data records which are retrieved from underlying database and displayed in Web pages following patterns defined in some fixed templates. Extracting such data records is very useful because it enables ones to obtain and to integrate information from multiple sources and be able to provide value-added services. With more and more companies and organizations disseminating information on the Web, the ability to extract data records from Web pages is becoming increasingly challenging and important. In this thesis, we study the existing techniques in the area of Web data extraction and analyze their limitations. Two novel approaches are proposed to extract data on the Web, from two different types of data-rich pages: (1) automatic extraction based on mining repeated patterns; and (2) wrapper generation based on instance-based learning. In the first approach, given a single page with multiple data records inside, structured data are automatically identified, extracted and put in a database table. To achieve this, the visual information of HTML elements and a tree matching algorithm are utilized to mine similar patterns, which correspond to data records. To extract data items from the identified data records, a novel partial tree alignment algorithm is devised. In the second approach, given a set of pages, by marking/labeling items of interest in a single page, the system can begin extracting the similar data items from the rest of the pages. A novel similarity measure is proposed to measure the similarity between two data items in terms of their markup encoding.
Cross-reactivity of new insulin analogs in insulin assays.

NSULIN MEASUREMENT HAS important applications in clinical practice. Besides providing information about insulin dynamics in patients with diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, it has a special place in the differential diagnosis of hypoglycemic conditions. Insulin measurement is based in immunoassay techniques, initially radioimmunoassay (RIA) and nowadays immunometric assays. One of the advantages of the transition of RIA to immunometric assay was the superior specificity of the latter, resulting in lower values (1). Specificity of the new immunometric assays is, in fact, quite strict, with almost no cross-reaction with proinsulin or C peptide. In the last years, several insulin analogues, with different profiles of action based on point modifications of the insulin molecule, have been described (2). To define their cross-reaction in the new immunometric assays is of evident clinical importance. We studied four preparations of insulin analogs: (a) insulin aspart (NovoRapid, Novo Nordisk), with aspartic acid substitution for proline in B28; (b) lispro insulin (Humalog, Eli Lilly), with an exchange between B28 (proline) and B29 (lysine); (c) glargine insulin (Lantus, Aventis), with glycine instead of asparagine in position A21, and two additional arginine residues at the end of B chain; and (d) detemir insulin (Levemir, Novo Nordisk), with a fatty acid chain linked to the lysine residue B29. All insulin preparations were obtained commercially as 100 U/mL preparations. The assay studied was an immunofluorometric assay provided by PerkinElmer, based on two highly specific monoclonal antibodies that show some cross-reaction only with Des 64-65 split proinsulin (10%). The results obtained are depicted in figure 1. The only
Late Results of Isolated Mitral Annuloplasty for “Functional” Ischemic Mitral Insufficiency

Background: Repair of functional ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) due to annular deformity and leaflet restriction remains a challenge for the surgeon and lacks well‐documented outcomes. We investigated outcomes in the treatment of functional ischemic MR corrected by annuloplasty techniques alone. Methods: From May 1980 to July 1999, 174 patients underwent repair for functional ischemic mitral insufficiency with annuloplasty alone (128 ring annuloplasty; 46 suture annuloplasty). Acute insufficiency was present in 25 (14.4%). Concomitant procedures included CABG (n = 152;87.4%). Patients wisro studied longitudinally with annual follow‐up and echocardiograms. Results: Overall hospital mortality was 17.8% and was increased by NYHA Class 4 (23.8% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.011), diabetes (25.0% vs. 13.6%; p = 0.059), and chronic mitral insufficiency (16.4% vs. 8.0%; p = 0.070). Multiverlatis analysis revealed age (β= 0.099; p = 0.049) and ejection fraction < 30% (β= 1.260; p = 0.097) as significant predictors of hospital death. Mean postoperative mitral insufficiency was 0.84 ± 0.86 (scale of 0–4). NYHA Class 4 (β= 2.33; p = 0.034) and simple suture annuloplasty (β= 2.08; p = 0.07) were associated with increased risk of late cardiac death. Cumulative incidence of mitral reoperation was 7.7% at 5 years. At follow‐up, 89.7% of patients were in NYHA Class 1 or 2 with 83.4% having none or only mild mitral insufficiency. Conclusions: Ring annuloplasty is associated with a survival benefit when compared to simple suture repair in ischemic patients who require annuloplasty alone to correct the MR. Mitral re construction with a ring annuloplasty offers durable results in this homogeneous subset of functional ischemic MR patients. Ischemic mitral insufficiency is associated with significant late mortality.
Title Pathway of phytate dephosphorylation by β-propeller phytasesof different origins

Using a combination of high-performance ion chromatography analysis and kinetic studies, the pathway of myoinositol hexakisphosphate dephosphorylation by the b-propeller phytase of Shewanella oneidensis was established, which was then compared with that of Bacillus subtilis 168, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ATCC 15841, and B. amyloliquefaciens 45 b-propeller phytases. The data demonstrate that all of these b-propeller phytases dephosphorylate myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in a stereospecific way by sequential removal of phosphate groups via D-Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P5, Ins(2,4,5,6)P4 to finally Ins(2,4,6)P3. Thus, the b-propeller phytases prefer the hydrolysis of every second phosphate over that of adjacent ones. This finding does not support previous phytate degradation models proposed by J. Kerovuo, J. Rouvinen, and F. Hatzack (2000. Biochem. J. 352: 623–628) and R. Greiner, A. Farouk, M. Larsson Alminger, and N.G. Carlsson (2002. Can. J. Microbiol. 48: 986–994), but seems to fit with the structural model given by S. Shin, N.C. Ha, B.C. Oh, T.K. Oh, and B.H. Oh (2001. Structure, 9: 851–858).
Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Association of Meniscal Status , Lower Extremity Alignment , and Body Mass Index With Chondrosis at

http://ajs.sagepub. com/content/43/7/1616 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0363546515578838 2015 43: 1616 originally published online April 21, 2015 Am J Sports Med Robert H. Brophy, Amanda K. Haas, Laura J. Huston, Samuel K. Nwosu, MARS Group and Rick W. Wright Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Association of Meniscal Status, Lower Extremity Alignment, and Body Mass Index With Chondrosis at
Subspace-based blind detection for multipath CDMA: an efficient adaptive implementation

This work deals with the problem of signal reception in code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. We present an adaptive detector for multipath CDMA channels which mitigates the effects of multipath propagation (interchip and intersymbol interference) and multiple-access interference. It can be suitably implemented in mobile terminals of the CDMA systems due to its low complexity and single-user structure. The proposed detector can be viewed as an efficient adaptive implementation of the batch-processing subspace-based method proposed by Torlak and Xu (see IEEE Trans. on SP, vol.45, no.1, p.137-47, 1997). In this work, we also give the theoretical and experimental justification of the robustness of the method against channel order overestimation errors.
NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BACTERIAL CELL WALL SYNTHESIS

In the preceding paper (Shockman et al., 1961) the lytic properties of exponentially growing cells of Streptococcus faecalis have been described. Not only will washed and transferred exponential cells lyse but, under proper conditions, they eaD engage in either exponential growth or in postexponential cell wall synthesis. Some of the necessary conditions, and evidence for the synthesis of cell wall substances will be presented here.
Alcohol Consumption During Prohibition

We estimate the consumption of alcohol during Prohibition using mortality, mental health and crime statistics. We find that alcohol consumption fell sharply at the beginning of Prohibition, to approximately 30 percent of its pre-Prohibition level. During the next several years, however, alcohol consumption increased sharply, to about 60-70 percent of its pre-prohibition level. The level of consumption was virtually the same immediately after Prohibition as during the latter part of Prohibition, although consumption increased to approximately its pre-Prohibition level during the subsequent decade.
East-derived Strata in the Methow Basin Record Rapid Mid-Cretaceous Uplift of the Southern Coast Mountains Batholith

The Jurassic–Cretaceous Methow basin of northern Washington State and southern British Columbia forms an overlap sequence linking several small tectonostratigraphic terranes. Sandstone petrography, sandstone and mudrock geochemistry, and detrital zircon U–Pb age and Hf analysis of mid-Cretaceous, east-derived Methow strata together document a remarkably uniform provenance signature that suggests proximal, abundant, and unchanging sediment sources throughout deposition. The eastern belt of the Coast Mountains batholith, intruded into Stikine and related inboard terranes of the Intermontane superterrane, along with Jurassic and Cretaceous plutons of the westernmost Okanogan Range, provide the best match to the provenance signature of east-derived sediment in the Methow basin during the mid-Cretaceous. Furthermore, the Cretaceous and Jurassic plutons of the eastern Coast Mountains batholith and western Okanogan Range were rapidly uplifted to provide the substantial thickness of sediment in the Methow basin, .
Clinical trials of dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines in hematologic malignancies

The potential for the immune system to target hematological malignancies is demonstrated in the allogeneic transplant setting, where durable responses can be achieved. However, allogeneic transplantation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality related to graft versus host disease. Cancer immunotherapy has the capacity to direct a specific cytotoxic immune response against cancer cells, particularly residual cancer cells, in order to reduce the likelihood of disease relapse in a more targeted and tolerated manner. Ex vivo dendritic cells can be primed in various ways to present tumor associated antigen to the immune system, in the context of co-stimulatory molecules, eliciting a tumor specific cytotoxic response in patients. Several approaches to prime dendritic cells and overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment have been evaluated in pre-clinical and early clinical trials with promising results. In this review, we summarize the clinical data evaluating dendritic cell based vaccines for the treatment of hematological malignancies.
Design of a single layer reflectarray unit cells based on hexagonal ring for wideband operation

In this paper, a microstrip reflectarray unit cell with different configurations of hexagonal element is presented. The aim is to have a large reflection phase range with comparatively linear phase slope as a function of element size to achieve a wider operational bandwidth of a reflectarray antenna. Full-wave EM simulations are used to investigate the phase characteristics and performance of reflectarray unit cells. The simulated results show that a single-resonance hexagonal ring provides an insufficient reflection phase range (<; 360°). It is also shown that multi-resonance hexagonal elements (double hexagonal ring, triple hexagonal ring and hexagonal patch/ring) can provide a reflection phase range exceeding 360°. A centre fed 81-element microstrip reflectarray antenna using one of the proposed structure (double hexagonal ring) is also designed. The simulated results show a constant 3-dB gain bandwidth around the frequency band of 9-12 GHz.
Prodynorphin CpG‐SNPs associated with alcohol dependence: elevated methylation in the brain of human alcoholics

The genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors may influence the risk for neuropsychiatric disease through their effects on gene transcription. Mechanistically, these effects may be integrated through regulation of methylation of CpG dinucleotides overlapping with single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with a disorder. We addressed this hypothesis by analyzing methylation of prodynorphin (PDYN) CpG‐SNPs associated with alcohol dependence, in human alcoholics. Postmortem specimens of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dl‐PFC) involved in cognitive control of addictive behavior were obtained from 14 alcohol‐dependent and 14 control subjects. Methylation was measured by pyrosequencing after bisulfite treatment of DNA. DNA binding proteins were analyzed by electromobility shift assay. Three PDYN CpG‐SNPs associated with alcoholism were found to be differently methylated in the human brain. In the dl‐PFC of alcoholics, methylation levels of the C, non‐risk variant of 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) SNP (rs2235749; C > T) were increased, and positively correlated with dynorphins. A DNA‐binding factor that differentially targeted the T, risk allele and methylated and unmethylated C allele of this SNP was identified in the brain. The findings suggest a causal link between alcoholism‐associated PDYN 3′‐UTR CpG‐SNP methylation, activation of PDYN transcription and vulnerability of individuals with the C, non‐risk allele(s) to develop alcohol dependence.
The Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Anxiety and Depression Among Working-Age Adults in Mainland China at the Early Remission Stage of the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic

Background The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to a considerable proportion of adverse psychological symptoms in different subpopulations. This study aimed to investigate the status of anxiety and depression and their associated factors in the adult, working-age population in Mainland China at the early remission stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An online study was conducted among 1,863 participants in 29 provinces in Mainland China from March 23 to 31, 2020. Their mental health was evaluated by the generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7) and the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Descriptive analysis, Chi-square, and multiple logistic regressions were applied. Results About 44.5% of the participants had anxiety, 49.2% had depression, and 37.9% showed a combination of depression and anxiety. Around 83.7% of the participants claimed that the pandemic had a negative impact on their medical needs, which was the primary predictor of mental health, the degree of impact being positively related to the prevalence of anxiety and depression. More chronic diseases, moderate to bad self-rated health, severe perceived infection risk, and younger age group were the common risk factors for anxiety and depression. Having no children, unemployment, and a college-level educational background were associated with higher anxiety prevalence, whereas unmarried participants were correlated with higher depression prevalence. Conclusion The working-age population showed a relatively high risk of anxiety and depression in Mainland China at the early remission stage of the pandemic. To improve medical services capacity for routine and delayed medical service needs should be a part of policy-makers’ priority agenda during this period of crisis.
The Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) revisited: examining measurement invariance by age

Defensible use of self‐reported cannabis use problem scales in age comparative frameworks requires that measured constructs have equal psychometric properties across age groups. This study compares the psychometric properties of the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) across three age groups (18–24, 25–29, 30–40). Data was collected online from an accessible sample of 1316 cannabis users. Factor analysis compared the optimal factor structure and dimensionality diffraction. Multi‐group Model Invariance tests examined measurement invariance across the three age groups. CAST was two‐dimensional in all age groups with one factor measuring cannabis use problems and the other measuring deviation from a common standard of use. The two‐dimensional structure was more pronounced in older age groups. Weak factorial invariance was supported, suggesting that the meaning of the CAST factors is equivalent across age groups. Partial, but not full, strong factorial invariance was supported, indicating that only the cannabis use problem factor can be defensibly used to measure age group mean differences. Results confirm a well‐defined two‐dimensional CAST structure and factorial invariance across age groups. However, caution is needed when using the two items measuring deviation from a common standard in an age‐comparative framework. Replication studies based on a representative sample are needed.
Fetal umbilical vascular response to chronic reductions in uteroplacental blood flow in late-term sheep.

OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to determine the effects of chronic reduction in uterine blood flow (UBF) on umbilical blood flow (UmbBF) and fetal cardiovascular hemodynamics and oxygenation. STUDY DESIGN Sixteen sheep with singleton pregnancies were instrumented on gestational day (GD) 110; an externally adjustable vascular occluder was placed on the common internal iliac artery. UBF in control animals rose from 867 +/- 61 mL/min on GD 115 to 1520 +/- 158 mL/min (n = 8) on GD 138, whereas UBF in restricted animals was maintained at 750 +/- 50 mL/min (n = 8). RESULTS UmbBF in control animals increased from 472 +/- 25 mL/min to 744 +/- 58 mL/min over the study period from GD 115 to GD 138. This was associated with normal gestational increases in fetal arterial pressure and significant reductions in calculated umbilical vascular resistance. Although restricted animals initially had a similar UmbBF on GD 115, UmbBF rose only to 545 +/- 43 mL/min over the study period (control vs restricted, P <.008). Although fetal arterial pressure showed normal gestational changes, umbilical vascular resistance failed to decrease over gestation in restricted animals as it did in control animals. Fetal heart rate and oxygenation showed normal changes in both groups. CONCLUSION Chronic reduction in UBF prevents umbilical vascular resistance from undergoing normal gestational decreases, leading to significantly lower UmbBF. This altered umbilical perfusion pattern would be expected to significantly affect fetal delivery of oxygen and nutrients and ultimately fetal growth.
Characteristics of Spatial Memory Span: Is there an Analogy to the Word Length Effect, Based on Movement Time?

In studies of verbal short-term memory it has been shown that the length of words to be remembered affects the size of memory span. This word-length effect is attributed to relationships between the rate of rehearsal of verbal material and the time it takes to speak the words being rehearsed. For spatial memory span there may also be an internal rehearsal system linked to overt responding, and if there is a strong analogy to be drawn between the verbal and spatial domains then movement time between spatial targets should predict the number of spatial locations that can be recalled. In the experiments reported here the time taken to move between spatial targets is varied by altering the size of targets and the distance between them. No difference between span performance on a nine-block spatial span task were found, either on immediate recall or on recall after an interval. When recall is of items from an array of 27, grouped in nine sets of three, with only one location in any set being presented on any trial, there is an effect of display size. This effect is consonant with the argument that movement time is related to spatial rehearsal, but other explanations are also possible. However, if recall in this task is scored over the nine sets rather than over the 27 items, then there is no difference between the displays. The results indicate that performance on the normal nine-block spatial-span task cannot be predicted by movement time.