Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cosmological constraints on an exponential interaction in the dark sector

Cosmological models where dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) interact with each other are the general scenarios in compared to the non-interacting models. The interaction is usually motivated from the phenomenological ground and thus there is no such rule to prefer a particular interaction between DM and DE. Being motivated, in this work, allowing an exponential interaction between DM and DE in a spatially flat homogeneous and isotropic universe, we explore the dynamics of the universe through the constraints of the free parameters where the strength of the interaction is characterized by the dimensionless coupling parameter $\xi$ and the equation of state (EoS) for DE, $w_x$, is supposed to be a constant. The interaction scenario is fitted using the latest available observational data. Our analyses report that the observational data permit a non-zero value of $\xi$ but it is very small and consistent with $\xi =0$. From the constraints on $w_x$, we find that both phantom ($w_x -1$) regimes are equally allowed but $w_x$ is very close to `$-1$'. The overall results indicate that at the background level, the interaction model cannot be distinguished from the base $\Lambda $-cold dark matter model while from the perturbative analyses, the interaction model mildly deviates from the base model. We highlight that, even if we allow DM and DE to interact in an exponential manner, but according to the observational data, the evidence for a non-zero coupling is very small.
Three novel mutations in ASIP associated with black fibre in alpacas (Vicugna pacos)

SUMMARY The coding region of the alpaca Agouti signalling protein (ASIP) gene was sequenced. It was determined to be 402 nucleotides long and code for a protein that is 133 amino acids long. Eight mutations were identified in a sample of 15 alpaca, five in the coding region and three in the introns flanking the exons. In silico analysis showed that three of the five mutations in the coding sequence, c. 325_381del57, c.292C>T and c.353G>A are probable loss-of-function mutations. The three mutations were strongly associated with black fibre colour, with 0·90 of black alpacas in the current study having two copies of one or another of the mutations. However, not all black animals displayed the putative ‘aa’ genotype, and almost half of the non-black animals did display that genotype. Contributing factors such as regulatory region mutations, interactions of ASIP with melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), the effect of dilution genes and subjective phenotype assignment are discussed. These mutations will allow alpaca breeders to select for or against black, but they do not explain all black phenotypes in this species.
Global properties of magnetotail current sheet flapping: THEMIS perspectives

Abstract. A sequence of magnetic field oscillations with an amplitude of up to 30 nT and a time scale of 30 min was detected by four of the five THEMIS spacecraft in the magnetotail plasma sheet. The probes P1 and P2 were at X =−15.2 and −12.7 R E and P3 and P4 were at X =−7.9 R E . All four probes were at −6.5> Y >−7.5 R E (major conjunction). Multi-point timing analysis of the magnetic field variations shows that fronts of the oscillations propagated flankward (dawnward and Earthward) nearly perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic maximum variation ( B 1 ) at velocities of 20–30 km/s. These are typical characteristics of current sheet flapping motion. The observed anti-correlation between ∂ B 1 /∂ t and the Z-component of the bulk velocity make it possible to estimate a flapping amplitude of 1 to 3 R E . The cross-tail scale wave-length was found to be about 5 R E . Thus the flapping waves are steep tail-aligned structures with a lengthwise scale of >10 R E . The intermittent plasma motion with the cross-tail velocity component changing its sign, observed during flapping, indicates that the flapping waves were propagating through the ambient plasma. Simultaneous observations of the magnetic field variations by THEMIS ground-based magnetometers show that the flapping oscillations were observed during the growth phase of a substorm.
Methodology in Psychophysiological Studies: Applications in Physical Activity

Abstract Herein we describe the psychophysiological methods of electrodermal recording, electromyography, electroencephalography, impedance cardiography, and micro- neurography as each has been employed in physical activity related research. In our coverage of each method, we first establish a brief historical context, then review some essential guidelines for research, provide examples of the types of physical activity related research questions that can be addressed, and describe selected studies that have employed each method. Psychophysiological measures are valuable and offer advantages over other methods of assessing behavioral responses. Physiological responses are objective and can be measured continuously without distraction during an experimental task, can be obtained more quickly and reliably than detailed analyses of overt behavior, and analogous behaviors may be differentiated based on underlying patterns of neuromuscular, electrocortical, cardiography, or muscle sympathetic nervous activity. Much progress in the fields of exercise and sport psychology is yet to be realized through the complementary employment of sound psychophysiological methods, self-evaluative judgments, and the observation of behavior.
Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Collisionless magnetic reconnection in a plasmoid chain

The kinetic features of plasmoid chain formation and evolution are investigated by two dimensional Particlein-Cell simulations. Magnetic reconnection is initiated in multipleX points by the tearing instability. Plasmoids form and grow in size by continuously coalescing. Each chain plasmoid exhibits a strong out-of plane core magnetic field and an out-of-plane electron current that drives the coalescing process. The disappearance of the X points in the coalescence process are due to anti-reconnection, a magnetic reconnection where the plasma inflow and outflow are reversed with respect to the original reconnection flow pattern. Anti-reconnection is characterized by the Hall magnetic field quadrupole signature. Two new kinetic features, not reported by previous studies of plasmoid chain evolution, are here revealed. First, intense electric fields develop in-plane normally to the separatrices and drive the ion dynamics in the plasmoids. Second, several bipolar electric field structures are localized in proximity of the plasmoid chain. The analysis of the electron distribution function and phase space reveals the presence of counter-streaming electron beams, unstable to the two stream instability, and phase space electron holes along the reconnection separatrices.
A Degrees-Of-Freedom approximation in Multiple imputation

When using multiple imputation to form confidence intervals with missing data, Rubin and Schenker (1986) proposed using a t -distribution with approximate degrees-of-freedom which is a function of the number of multiple imputations and the within and between imputation variance. In this t -approximation, Rubin and Schenker assume there are a finite number of multiple imputations, but an infinite number of observations in the sample. We propose a further degrees-of-freedom approximation which is a function of the within and between imputation variance, the number of multiple imputations, and the number of observations in the sample. When the number of observations in the sample is small, our approximate degrees-of-freedom may be more appropriate, as seen in our simulations.
AWARD NUMBER: DAMD17-02-1-0415 TITLE: Tc-99m Labeled and VIP-Receptor Targeted Liposomes for Effective Imaging of Breast Cancer

Targeted delivery of radionuclides and therapeutic agents to specific biomarkers of breast cancer has important implications for the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer.Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors (VIP-R) are approximately five times more expressed in human breast cancer, compared to normal breast tissue. We have used VIP, a 28 amino acid mammalian neuropeptide, as a breast cancer targeting moiety for targeted imaging of breast cancer. VIP was covalently attached to the surface of sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) that encapsulated a radionuclide, Tc99m-HMPAO. Rats with n-methyl nitrosourea (MNU)-induced in situ breast cancers were used to test this targeted liposomal imaging agent. Specifically, the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of Tc99m-HMPAO encapsulating SSL with and without VIP were determined together with their ability to image breast cancer. The presence of VIP did not alter the size and Tc99m-HMPAO encapsulation ability of SSL. It also did not alter the pharmacokinetic profile of SSL. Long-circulating liposomes with and without VIP on their surface accumulated at significantly higher quantities in breast cancer when compared to normal breast, indicating passive targeting of these constructs to cancer tissues. Importantly, in breast cancer, Tc99m-HMPAO encapsulating SSL with VIP showed significantly more accumulation than SSL without VIP. The tumor to non-tumor ratio was also significantly higher for Tc99m-HMPAO encapsulating VIP–SSL than Tc99m-HMPAO encapsulating SSL without VIP, suggesting active targeting of VIP–SSL to breast cancer. Collectively, these data showed that Tc99m-HMPAO encapsulating VIP–SSL can be successfully used for the targeted imaging of breast cancer.  2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Task-induced involvement in L2 vocabulary learning: A case for listening comprehension

The study aimed at investigating whether the retention of vocabulary acquired incidentally is dependent upon the amount of task-induced involvement. Immediate and delayed retention of twenty unfamiliar words was examined in three learning tasks( listening comprehension + group discussion, listening comprehension + dictionary checking + summary writing in L1, and listening comprehension + dictionary checking + sentence writing with the target words) inducing differential ‘involvement loads’- consisting of varying degrees of need, search and evaluation. Time-on-task was kept constant among all three tasks. The results partially supported the Involvement Load Hypothesis: The sentence writing task generated the highest retention rate, a finding which is quite in harmony with the Hypothesis’s prediction. However, the other two tasks did not result in different retention rates despite equal involvement loads. These results are discussed with reference to the involvement load hypothesis and some suggestions are made as to how to improve and revise the original theory.
GELISP : A Framework to represent musical constraint satisfaction problems and search strategies

In this article we present Gelisp, a new library to represent musical Constraint Satisfaction Problems and search strategies intuitively. Gelisp has two interfaces, a command-line one for Common Lisp and a graphical one for OpenMusic. Using Gelisp, we solved a problem of automatic music generation proposed by composer Michael Jarrell and we found solutions for the All-interval series.
Learning the quantum algorithm for state overlap

Short-depth algorithms are crucial for reducing computational error on near-term quantum computers, for which decoherence and gate infidelity remain important issues. Here we present a machine-learning approach for discovering such algorithms. We apply our method to a ubiquitous primitive: computing the overlap Tr ( ρ σ ) between two quantum states ρ and σ. The standard algorithm for this task, known as the Swap Test, is used in many applications such as quantum support vector machines, and, when specialized to ρ = σ, quantifies the Renyi entanglement. Here, we find algorithms that have shorter depths than the Swap Test, including one that has a constant depth (independent of problem size). Furthermore, we apply our approach to the hardware-specific connectivity and gate sets used by Rigetti’s and IBM’s quantum computers and demonstrate that the shorter algorithms that we derive significantly reduce the error—compared to the Swap Test—on these computers.
Yet Another Look at the Problem of Detection of Unknown Deterministic Signals over – μ and η – μ Fading Channels

In this article, we present an alternative moment generating function (MGF) method for computing the averaging detection probability over stochastic fading channels. In contrast to the existing approaches based on either the circular contour integral or infinite series representations for the generalized Marcum Q-function, Qu(.,.). We exploit an exponential-type integral for Qu(.,.) to facilitate the statistical averaging task over channels with independent and non-identical fading statistics. We have chosen -μ and η-μ because it provides a unification of a variety of statistical models. Our analytical framework yields prior results with appropriate choice of the fading severity indices. Selected numerical results are also provided for the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) of Square-law Selection (SLS) and Square-law Combining (SLC) diversity energy detectors over -μ and η-μ channels. Keywords— Energy detection, -μ and η-μ Fading channels, Square-law selection, Square-law combining,
Contribution of plasminos to the shear viscosity of a hot and dense Yukawa-Fermi gas

We determine the shear viscosity of a hot and dense Yukawa-Fermi gas, using the standard Green-Kubo relation, according to which the shear viscosity is given by the retarded correlator of the traceless part of viscous energy-momentum tensor. We approximate this retarded correlator using a one-loop skeleton expansion, and express the bosonic and fermionic shear viscosities, $\eta_{b}$ and $\eta_{f}$, in terms of bosonic and fermionic spectral widths, $\Gamma_{b}$ and $\Gamma_{\pm}$. Here, the subscripts $\pm$ correspond to normal and collective (plasmino) excitations of fermions. We study, in particular, the effect of these excitations on thermal properties of $\eta_{f}[\Gamma_{\pm}]$. To do this, we determine first the dependence of $\Gamma_{b}$ and $\Gamma_{\pm}$ on momentum $p$, temperature $T$, chemical potential $\mu$ and $\xi_{0}\equiv m_{b}^{0}/m_{f}^{0}$, in a one-loop perturbative expansion in the orders of the Yukawa coupling. Here, $m_{b}^{0}$ and $m_{f}^{0}$ are $T$ and $\mu$ independent bosonic and fermionic masses, respectively. We then numerically determine $\eta_{b}[\Gamma_{b}]$ and $\eta_{f}[\Gamma_{\pm}]$, and study their thermal properties. It turns out that whereas $\Gamma_{b}$ and $\Gamma_{+}$ decrease with increasing $T$ or $\mu$, $\Gamma_{-}$ increases with increasing $T$ or $\mu$. This behavior qualitatively changes by adding thermal corrections to $m_{b}^{0}$ and $m_{f}^{0}$, while the difference between $\Gamma_{+}$ and $\Gamma_{-}$ keeps increasing with increasing $T$ or $\mu$. Moreover, $\eta_{b}$ ($\eta_{f}$) increases (decreases) with increasing $T$ or $\mu$. We show that the effect of plasminos on $\eta_{f}$ becomes negligible with increasing (decreasing) $T$ ($\mu$).
To Probe the Conformational Adaptability of Conserved G-P-G-R Segment in the V3 Loop of HIV-1

To design an effective HIV vaccine it is important to study the relationship between sequence diversity and conformations of principal neutralizing determinant (PND) peptides, the hypervariable region of gp120. Two fragments 318-327 and 315-329 of gp120 are mapped as PND and can induce HIV-1 specific cytotoxic lymphocyte activity that could kill virus infected cells. Consequently, the design of more ordered and biologically relevant conformation of immunogenic region from gp120-V3 loop may aid in the design of more effective immunogens for HIV-1 vaccine development. In order to enlighten optimal structural preferences we have explored the conformational adaptability of two fragments from V3 loop of gp120 that contains G-P-G-R sequence encompassing mainly the crown region. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been used to map out the conformation in diverse solvent systems such as water and hexafluroacetone (HFA). In HFA, the larger fragment, 315-329 shows some degree of inclination towards the formation of secondary structure. This indicates that length of the fragment is crucial in attaining secondary structure, which may be responsible for V3 loop’s hypervariable status. However, in water, both the fragments do not show any specific conformational preferences.
Titre : Title : Game-Theoretic Decentralized Model Predictive Control of Thermal Appliances in Discrete-Event Systems Framework Auteurs :

This paper presents a decentralized model predictive control (MPC) scheme for thermal appliances coordination control in smart buildings. The general system structure consists of a set of local MPC controllers and a game-theoretic supervisory control constructed in the framework of discrete-event systems (DES). In this hierarchical control scheme, a set of local controllers work independently to maintain the thermal comfort level in different zones, and a centralized supervisory control is used to coordinate the local controllers according to the power capacity and the current performance. Global optimality is ensured by satisfying the Nash equilibrium at the coordination layer. The validity of the proposed method is assessed by a simulation experiment including two case studies. The results show that the developed control scheme can achieve a significant reduction of the peak power consumption while providing an adequate temperature regulation performance if the system is P-observable.
A Combination of Text Mining Techniques for Relevant Literature Search and Extractive Summarization

Over the past few years, the amount of research papers published has dramatically increased. Consequently, researchers spend a lot of time reviewing relevant literature in order to better understand their domain of interest and keep up with new developments. After doing literature reviews in the area of text mining, we found many works proposing the means of sentence representation in machine learning for finding sentence similarity. These include average bag of words, weight average word vectors, bag of n-grams, and matrix-vector operations. However, these techniques are limited in word ordering and semantic analysis. This paper proposes a framework that combines two text mining techniques, paragraph vectors and TextRank, for the selection of relevant research paper and extractive summarization, respectively. Our training corpus includes over 20 million research papers. The aim of this work is to build a supplementary research tool that assists researchers in saving time conducting literature reviews. As the result, we can rank all relevant research papers potentially within the corpus, and utilize the outputs in our literature reviews. Moreover, the tool can extract all potential keywords in a single task as well.
Development of an improved parameter fitting method for planar biaxial testing using rakes

A correct estimation of the material parameters from a planar biaxial test is crucial since they will affect the outcome of the finite element model in which they are used. In a virtual planar biaxial experiment, a difference can be noticed in the stress calculated from the force measured experimentally at the rakes and the actual stress at the center of the sample. As a consequence, a classic parameter fitting does not result in a correct estimation of the material parameters. This difference is caused by the boundary conditions of the set‐up and is among others dependent on the sample material. To overcome this problem, a new parameter fitting procedure is proposed that takes this difference into account by calculating a finite element–based correction vector. This paper describes the methodology to apply this new parameter fitting procedure on real experimental data from a planar biaxial test using rakes. To this end, image processing is used to extract the experiment characteristics. This information is used to construct a finite element model. Two variations of the new parameter fitting procedure are investigated using two human aortic samples: a basic approach and an image‐based approach. The performance of the method is assessed by the difference between the force measured at the rakes during the experiment and the force at the rakes obtained from the finite element simulation. Both approaches of the new parameter fitting procedure lead to an improved estimation of the sample behavior compared with the classic approach.
Robustness in sample selection models

The problem of non-random sample selectivity often occurs in practice in many different fields. In presence of sample selection, the data appears in the sample according to some selection rule. In these cases, the standard tools designed for complete samples, e.g. ordinary least squares, produce biased results, and hence, methods correcting this bias are needed. In his seminal work, Heckman proposed two estimators to solve this problem. These estimators became the backbone of the standard statistical analysis of sample selection models. However, these estimators are based on the assumption of normality and are very sensitive to small deviations from the distributional assumptions which are often not satisfied in practice. In this thesis we develop a general framework to study the robustness properties of estimators and tests in sample selection models. We use an infinitesimal approach, which allows us to explore the robustness issues and to construct robust estimators and tests.
Book Reviews: Formal Aspects of Context

Editorial Preface D.M. Gabbay. Introduction. Formal and Computational Models of Context for Natural Language Generation K. van Deemter, J. Odijk. Requirements for Dialogue Context Modelling H. Bunt. Contextual Constraints on Thematization in Written Discourse: An Empirical Study J. Lavid. Context and Implicitness: Consequences for Traditional and Computer-assisted Text Analysis M. Galliker, D. Weimer. A Context-based Mechanization of Multi-agent Reasoning A. Cimatti, L. Serafini. Presuppositions in Context: Constructing Bridges P. Piwek, E. Krahmer. Reasoning with Multilevel Contexts in Semantic Metanetworks V.Y. Terziyan, S. Puuronen. Contextual Learning: Towards using Contexts to Achieve Generality P. Bonzon. Contextual Deontic Logic: Violation Contexts and Factual Defeasibility L.W. N. van der Torre, Y. -H. Tan. A Local Models Semantics for Propositional Attitudes F. Giunchiglia, C. Ghidini. Context-based Semantics for Information Integration L. Serafini, C. Ghidini. Structured Contexts with Fibred Semantics D.M. Gabbay, R.T. Nossum.
The technology acceptance model with online learning for the principals in elementary schools and junior high schools

With the rapid development of information technology and network infrastructure construction, the online learning system has been changed from traditional face-to-face classroom to speedy information technology. On the past decades, few of researchers have constructed specifically for the principals' attitudes toward online learning. The purpose of this study was to develop a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for the principals in elementary schools and junior high schools. The TAM on this study was framed by six subscales: perceived ease of use, perceived useful planing, perceived useful learning, perceived useful contents, attitudes toward using online learning, and behavioral intentions to manage via online learning. This study would also explore the relationship between online learning and the principals' leadership. At the same time, the study introduced perceived useful planing, perceived useful learning, and perceived useful contents as new factors that reflected the principals' intrinsic belief in online learning acceptance.