Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural position and relative deprivation among recent migrants: a longitudinal take on the integration paradox

ABSTRACT The relevance of recent migrants’ broader structural position for their destination country identification is studied in this manuscript. In three ways, we build upon previous work referring to an integration paradox, concluding that more structurally integrated migrants turn away from the destination country. First, we extend existing research that mainly tests this for migrants’ educational level, by acknowledging that structural integration also includes migrants’ economic position. Second, we elaborate on the relative deprivation framework by testing how a mismatch between educational and economic position affects destination country identification. Third, we not only study how migrants feel about the native population, used as outcome in most integration paradox studies, but also for a sense of belonging to the destination country. We test our hypotheses cross-sectionally and dynamically using the New Immigrants to the Netherlands Survey. Results indicate that migrants’ educational and economic position hardly affects the way they feel about the native population, whilst a higher structural position does hamper a sense of belonging to the destination country. This latter finding is not explained by a mismatch between educational and economic position, as a mismatch does not systematically affect new immigrants’ feelings about the native population or their sense of belonging.
The right of adults to education: A comparative analysis from the Portuguese and Italian policy agenda

The subject of this article is the right of adults to education, with a focus on the critical analysis of education policy. We discuss human rights as a framework for citizenship in two national contexts of Southern Europe with the purpose of underlining key differences and similarities in countries with diverse histories but a similarly high number of low-qualified adults among their population. In view of the above, this paper provides a detailed historical context for adult education policy in those countries and expounds on how current Portuguese and Italian educational policy agendas have considered the right of adults to education in the context of their democratic regimes. For critical analysis we use Tomaševski’s theoretical 4A framework, built mainly for school contexts, and apply it to adult education policy. The objective is to understand ways of realizing the right of adults to education by means of policy measures undertaken by governments in those national states. Thus, we employed as an object of analysis the study of availability, accessibility, acceptability and adaptability of adult education and learning against the backdrop of current changes occurring in Europe. This heuristic exercise makes a significant contribution to adult education literature in times of neoliberal trends.
Do Social Movements Encourage Young People to Run for Office? Evidence from the 2014 Sunflower Movement in Taiwan

The 2014 Sunflower Movement led to rising political participation among young Taiwanese. Hence, opposition parties and civic groups created programs to support young candidates running in the village chief elections. Compared with the 2010 election, however, fewer young challengers ran in 2014, and they received fewer votes and won fewer seats. Propensity score matching shows that the presence of young candidates on ballots did not increase turnout. However, young candidates affected the election indirectly: young, new candidates attracted more votes from incumbents than from challengers and therefore decreased the incumbent re-election rate.
COMPARISON OF THE TRANSABDOMINAL AND RETROPERITONEAL APPROACHES FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE INFRARENAL ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM

To evaluate the usefulness of the retroperitoneal approach (RP) in comparison with that of the transperitoneal approach (TP) in elective aortic reconstruction, 50 consecutive cases of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm were reviewed. The 50 patients were divided into three groups: Group I (n=14) underwent surgery through the TP, group II (n=21) through the RP and group III (n=15) operation through the RP using a Thompson retractor. The operation time in groups I and II (385±35 min, 395±42 min) was significantly longer than that in group III (265±61 min, p<0.05). Similarly, intraoperative blood loss was greater in groups I and II (1960±1340ml, 1794±896ml) than in group III (518±235ml, p<0.05). Nasogastric intubation and initiation of oral feeding was significantly prolonged in group I when compared with groups II and III (p<0.05). Postoperative hospital stay was also considerably prolonged in group I when compared with group III. This experience demonstrates that the RP, especially using a Thompson retractor-which has been found to be very effective and can replace a second assistant for retracting the intraabdominal organs-is a preferable alterenative to the TP route in surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
The Current Kampo Education Situation at 80 University Faculties of Medicine

a Liaison Committee of The Japan Society for Oriental Medicine, 1-9-18 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0022, Japan b Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan c Department of Pharmacy, Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 1088642, Japan d Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan e Department of Clinical Research, Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan f Kampo Clinic, Department of General Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan g Royal Foundation, Department of Surgery, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, 1-4-17 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0073, Japan
Talking to myself: reflections on ReframingA conversation reflecting on my experiences of using creative practice (specifically the Reframing technique) within a STEM context

ABSTRACT This self-reflective conversation looks back on my experiences as an Art & Design practitioner delivering a workshop at the HEA STEM Conference. The focus is on one technique, Reframing, as part of a wider discussion of the way that creative practice can enhance student engagement. The conversation explores different applications of the Reframing method across disciplinary boundaries, and refers to academics who have inspired my work. I reflect on the way that my experiences at the conference have impacted on my pedagogic practice, philosophy and identity, using a non-traditional and light-hearted format designed to encourage both my own reflective process and reader engagement. Graphical abstract
Decline of key qualities in medical students: the what, why and how

Selection of medical students is becoming progressively more challenging with time. Medical schools struggle with selecting students who have key non-academic qualities that will enable them to be good doctors. However these qualities appear to be declining over the course of medical school. The qualities in decline, the causes for their decline and the suggested solutions to prevent their decline are discussed in this review article.
Minimizing the misinformation spread in social networks

Abstract The Influence Maximization Problem has been widely studied in recent years, due to rich application areas including marketing. It involves finding k nodes to trigger a spread such that the expected number of influenced nodes is maximized. The problem we address in this study is an extension of the reverse influence maximization problem, i.e., misinformation minimization problem where two players make decisions sequentially in the form of a Stackelberg game. The first player aims to minimize the spread of misinformation whereas the second player aims its maximization. Two algorithms, one greedy heuristic and one matheuristic, are proposed for the first player’s problem. In both of them, the second player’s problem is approximated by Sample Average Approximation, a well-known method for solving two-stage stochastic programming problems, that is augmented with a state-of-the-art algorithm developed for the influence maximization problem.
Update in Hospital-acquired Bacteremia Respiratory Infections: Experience From the EUROBACT Study

To describe the characteristics and determinants of outcome of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection (HA-BSI) due to respiratory infection among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). We performed a post hoc analysis of the EUROBACT multicenter cohort study, conducted in 162 ICUs in 24 countries. The HA-BSIs due to candidemia and from mixed respiratory and nonrespiratory sources were excluded. From the overall 1156 included in EUROBACT, 230 patients were classified as having HA-BSI respiratory infections (HA-BSI requiring ICU admission, n=40; ICU-acquired noninvasively ventilated respiratory BSI, n=30; and ICU-acquired invasively ventilated BSI, n=160) and were compared with 749 patients with HA-BSI not related to respiratory infections. HA-BSI respiratory infections were more frequently due to gram negatives (76.3% vs. 56.7%, P<0.0001), mainly Acinetobacter baumannii (18.3% vs. 10.4%, P=0.0007), Klebsiella spp. (18.7% vs. 11%, P=0.0013), and were less frequently because of gram-positive cocci (23.3% vs. 41.2%, P<0.0001), with the exception of Staphylococcus aureus (11.3% vs. 9.5%, P=0.39). HA-BSI respiratory infections were more frequently associated with multiple drug-resistant pathogens (53.9% vs. 42.7%, P=0.0003), were more common in medical patients, and were more likely to be ICU-acquired as compared with nonrespiratory infections. After adjustment for severity and other risk factors, HA-BSI of respiratory origin was a risk factor for day-28 mortality (odds ratio=1.52 [1.02-2.27], P=0.04). Among the cohort of 230 patients with HA-BSI of respiratory origin, those with HA-BSI requiring ICU admission presented more often with septic shock (24/40=60%) as compared with ICU-acquired HA-BSI episodes occurring in noninvasively (9/30=30%) and invasively (71/160=44%, P=0.04) ventilated patients. Recovered microorganisms were similar between the 3 groups of HA-BSI of respiratory origin. When adjusted for confounding factors, the risk of death was lower for ICU-acquired HA-BSI occurring among invasive ventilated patients (odds ratio=0.41 [0.19-0.92], P=0.03) than for patients not invasively ventilated before HA-BSI of respiratory origin. The EUROBACT multicenter study confirms that the lung as a respiratory source of infection is associated with more gram-negative resistant pathogen and a poorer prognosis. When associated with BSI, lung infections occurring in noninvasively mechanical ventilated patients are associated with more septic shock and a worse prognosis than patients with bacteremic ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Senior fashion models’ perspectives on serious leisure and successful aging

ABSTRACT Studies have revealed the positive impact of serious leisure among older adults. Serious leisure is the systematic pursuit of an amateur, hobbyist, or volunteer core activity that is highly substantial, interesting, and fulfilling and where, in the typical case, participants find a career in acquiring and expressing a combination of special skills, knowledge, and experience. As serious leisure involves productive engagement and commitment, performing as a senior model reflects the serious leisure participation of older adults, which might offer a new insight into promoting healthy lifestyles. While many studies have been conducted in the context of leisure behavior of older adults, a study is yet to explore the behavior of senior fashion models. Given that serious leisure offers positive outcomes (e.g., personal growth, happiness) and demands substantial effort as and perseverance, the behavior of senior modeling can be understood using a serious leisure framework. The purpose of the study is to explore the behavior of older adults engaged in fashion modeling as a form of serious leisure. We conducted a series of face-to-face interviews with 31 participants. Interview questions focused on the participants’ perception as senior models and the meaning of being senior models. The ages of the participants ranged from 54 to 85 years (Mean age = 66.9). The constant comparison method was applied to continuously compare the views and experiences of the participants. Two central themes that shaped the participants’ senior fashion modeling experiences were identified: (1) the benefits of senior fashion modeling and (2) the costs of senior fashion modeling. Under each theme, several sub-categories were identified: confidence, stylish and ageless, friendships, painful training and investing effort, barriers associated with aging, and structural constraints. The findings obtained in this study highlight the important link between serious leisure and successful aging. Considering the benefits identified by the study participants, it is suggested that engaging in senior fashion modeling positively affects older adults’ quality of life.
A Relevance-Theoretic Perspective on (Im)politeness Issues in the CB Radio Discourse of Polish Drivers

This paper has two major objectives. The first objective is to present the phenomenon of CB radio discourse of Polish drivers and discuss its main features. The second goal is to analyse two of these features from the angle of the (im)politeness issues, using the perspective of Relevance Theory. The first part of the paper is devoted to a general discussion of the phenomenon under scrutiny: the socio-cultural background of the CB radio discourse as well as its basic linguistic features are presented. In the second part of the paper, I discuss Escandell-Vidal’s approach to politeness within Relevance framework (Escandell-Vidal 2004) and integrate the model with the habitus-based definition of politeness (Bourdieu 1977; Watts 2003). The final part of the paper shows how the integrated approach can be used to examine two major aspects of the CB radio discourse: its conversational structure and the use of diminutives.
#Gymlad - young boys learning processes and health-related social media

ABSTRACT Recent systematic reviews identify that the factors mediating and/or moderating the relationship between social media and health outcomes are sparse. There have also been few attempts to analyse gender specific uses of social media. This paper investigated young boys health-related learning in relation to social media. Data were generated from class activities and interviews and from a large data set that included 1346 young people. The approach to the empirical data adopted was Practical Epistemology Analysis (PEA). The findings reveal two main purposes of young boys engagement with social media: (i) communicating with friends, and (ii) accessing health-related information. Irony and humour were central learning mechanisms used by young boys to participate within health-related social media, and in a way that enabled them to engage with, uphold, and handle health discourses associated with masculinity – such as being ripped – without fear of ‘literal’ peer ridicule and within a context of acceptable ‘banter’. There was evidence that young people were critical users and generators of social media, who were clearly thinking through what they see, do, and use online. Hence, this paper provides a fresh evidence-based perspective on the potentially positive role of social media as a health-related learning resource. PEA is illustrated as a new methodological approach for investigating learning in the context of social media. The evidence generated can be used to inform future evaluations of social media use, the design of educative support for young people, and guidance and training for key stakeholders.
Survey of Family Size on Substance Abuse among Undergraduate Students of One Public University in the Lake Region of Kenya

The present study investigated the influence of family size on substance abuse among undergraduate students of one public university in the Lake Region of Kenya. The researcher adopted the Triangulation Research design. The target population comprised 15,767 undergraduate students, the Dean of Students and three University Counselors in one selected public university in Kenya. The sample size of undergraduate students is 1,603 which was obtained through Stratified Sampling Technique. The sample size also included the Dean of Students and three University Counselors who were sampled using Purposive and Saturated Techniques respectively. The Undergraduate Student Questionnaire and Interview Schedule for University Counselors and Dean of Students were used to collect data. Validation was in terms of content and face validity with the aid of the supervisor from the Department of Psychology & Educational Foundations of Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST) who reviewed the instruments. The study employed Cronbach Alpha Formula to estimate internal consistency and a reliability co-efficient of r of 0.727 was reported. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to test hypotheses. Qualitative data was analyzed using the Thematic Framework. The findings indicated that there was an average positive relationship (r = .542) between family size and substance abuse among undergraduate students. The university Administration should enlighten parents on better and supportive ways to students for maximum productivity while studying.
Identifying the collaboration styles of research students

Today engaging in collaboration is an important factor affecting the success of research students. Having insight into the social dynamics of collaboration can enhance their decision making when engaging with researchers, projects and institutions. This poster reports on the results of a study that investigated collaboration by research students at the University of Tasmania using co‐authorship information on research publications. The study applied a visual analytic method for exploring and interpreting the social dynamics of collaboration. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, providing insight into the roles of co‐authors and revealing the presence of functional research teams with different styles of collaboration.
Modeling Responsibility Attribution in a Group

Attributing responsibilities to a group of agents who contribute to a collective causeis common in our daily life. While we as humans could relatively efficiently assignresponsibility to others using our intuition, the wide range of possible scenarios andcomplexity of our cognitive mechanisms should not be overlooked. Understandingof how rational responsibility judgments are made could expand our knowledgeabout human causal and moral reasoning. Over recent years, a few theories havebeen developed to account for responsibility attribution, but they have various theoreticaland empirical limitations. In this thesis, an extended computational modelis proposed in an effort to expand the explanatory power of previous models. Wedevised two sets of experiments to test the performance of this newmodel, especiallywith regards to aspects including (1) epistemic state of rater, (2) perceived autonomyof agents, and (3) value range of contributions. Our results suggest that the newmodel demonstrated reasonable power in predicting responsibility attribution, albeitwith several unexpected inaccuracies. The close relationship among responsibility,criticality, and pivotality is nonetheless supported.
Psychometric Analysis of the Medical Terminology 350 Final Test Using Item Analysis and KR20

Meaningful quantitative research studies require the use of instruments that have acceptable validity and reliability. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Medical Terminology 350 Final Test (MT350) in a population of secondary health science students. The MT350 is an assessment instrument that measures participants’ recall of medical terminology meanings and is currently being used to assess learning in health science education. A review of literature has revealed a lack of psychometric analysis of the commonly used MT350. Past practice has suggested instruction that uses mnemonics can favorably influence medical vocabulary retention, but an absence of valid and reliable assessment instruments prevented the proper research of the practice. Archival and anonymous data from completed MT350 results was used. Participants in this study consisted of secondary health science students from Tennessee and Missouri with a total sample size of 102 students. Internal consistency was determined through reliability analysis using KR20. Content validity was established through a review by 10 content experts from the fields of health and education. The experts were asked to rate each of the 350 items on a 3-point Likert type scale (3 = essential, 2 = useful, but not essential, 1 = not necessary). It was concluded that the Medical Terminology 350 Final Test (MT350) is a reliable measure of medical terminology retention.
Different Understandings of the Relationship Between Teacher Education and Professional Practice

In the Center for Didactic Methods and Approaches, VIA University College, we have developed a didactic model of reflection for teachers and managers with the purpose of reflecting on education, teaching, and explaining the educators’ educational paradigms. During the work, we found different understandings of the relationship between teacher education and professional practice. We found that this relationship may impact how a teacher or manager actually practices the profession of education, including the methods teachers employ to teach, the methods the student teachers employ to teach, and on the education totality. We also found that a lack of explanation of the educational paradigms to which teachers adhere may influence students’ optimal professional development.
Hypothermia in the early neonatal period: follow-up study

Background: Thermal care is an essential aspect of the routine care of the newborn because hypothermia is an important and preventable contributor to morbidity. Aim: To evaluate whether the new practice of postponing bathing of the newborn at St Luke’s Hospital has resulted in an improvement in neonatal thermal care. Methods: Analysis of the temperature on admission to the nursery from labour ward during 2005 of a consecutive sample of 877 infants, compared to the results obtained from a similar study in 2002. Results: The proportion of babies admitted with normal body temperature (36.5-37.5°C) was 43.4% in 2005, compared to 25.5% in 2002. The proportion of babies admitted with moderate hypothermia was reduced from 32.3% in 2002 to 14.4% in 2005. Implications: Delayed bathing has resulted in a significant improvement in thermal care of the newborn.
Incidence of PONV in Maxillofacial Surgery:Comparison of High-Flow and Low-Flow Anesthesia

Incidence of PONV in Maxillofacial Surgery: Comparison of High-Flow and Low-Flow Anesthesia Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) still remains the “big little challenge” for anesthesiologists in their everyday practice. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and severity of PONV, antiemetic requirement and patient satisfaction, after high-flow versus low-flow sevoflurane anesthesia without antiemetic prophylaxis.