Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of mountable pulse-type hardware neuron model integrated circuit on MEMS microrobot

This paper proposes a pulse-type hardware neuron model (P-HNM) bare chip integrated circuit (IC). And the developed bare chip IC realizes a mountable size on a millimeter scale robot. The P-HNM is mimicking a neural networks of a brain system of the living organisms. The neural networks receive the information as stimulation from the outside at a cell body through an axon, and then, it work to the outside as the response. As a result, the living organisms can respond to the accidental events. Therefore, the application of the neural networks for industrial fields such as a control system will realize the adaptable respond in the future. In this research, the P-HNM is developed for the robot control. A hardware approach can realize a continuously process and nonlinear operations at high speed. And it is realized the miniaturization by integrating the CMOS IC. The developed IC is constructed by a single cell body model circuit and an amplifier circuit. The developed P-HNM circuit is an oscillation circuit characterized by a firing threshold and a refractory period, and produces a continuous pulse similar to the pulses delivered to biological neurons. And it shows the single voltage pulse. The controlled robot is insect-type microrobot that is fabricated by the micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) process. The MEMS microrobot is constructed by leg parts and an impact-type rotary actuator that uses a multilayer ceramic piezoelectric element. The rotational motion is generated by the single voltage pulse. The dimensions of the driving circuit that is including the bare chip IC are 2.9 mm and 4.7 mm, length and width, respectively. The fabricated driving circuit can realize the mountable size to the millimeter scale robot.
The Matrix Attachment Region-binding Protein SATB1 Interacts with Multiple Elements within the gp91 phox Promoter and Is Down-regulated during Myeloid Differentiation*

The gp91 phox gene encodes a component of the respiratory burst NADPH oxidase complex and is highly expressed in mature myeloid cells. The transcriptional repressor CCAAT displacement protein binds to at least five sites within the proximal gp91 phox promoter and represses expression prior to terminal phagocyte differentiation. The DNA binding activity of CCAAT displacement protein decreases during terminal phagocyte differentiation, thus permitting the binding of transcriptional activators and induction of gp91 phox expression. We report here that the matrix attachment region-binding protein SATB1 interacts with at least seven sites within the −1542 to +12-base pair gp91 phox promoter. Four additional binding sites for CCAAT displacement protein were also identified. Furthermore, the most proximal SATB1-binding site within the gp91 phox promoter binds specifically to the nuclear matrix fraction in vitro. SATB1 expression is down-regulated during terminal myeloid cell differentiation, coincident with induction of gp91 phox expression. Transient transfection assays demonstrate that a SATB1-binding site derived from the gp91 phox promoter represses promoter activity in cells expressing SATB1. These findings underscore the importance of transcriptional repression in the regulation of gp91 phox expression and reveal a candidate myeloid cell target gene for SATB1, a factor previously found to be essential for T cell development.
The Opinion Machine : An Aggregated Analysis of Automated Political Spam on Twitter

Twitter has proven to be a chosen medium for hosting political discourse. During the 2016 U.S. election our study performed an analysis of 9.5 million tweets over nearly a year and a half, collected from a previous capture using twitter’s streaming API to collected tweets containing Hillary Clinton or Donald Trump. We focused on identifying, classifying and analyzing automated involvement of the streams from both candidates. Our strategy exercised a multi-stage approach to funnel out automated accounts within the stream, of which we call the tweet rendering pipeline. The pipeline uses a hybrid approach and expands upon previous work to detect automated behavior. With our distilled rendering pipeline results, we applied a hashing technique to understand the content and possible actors participating in the automated involvement. Through this analysis we found that a small amount of automated accounts produced an asymmetric amount of tweets. Some of the tweets we found were duplicated over multiple accounts suggesting a collusion network, lining up with previous work suggesting automated accounts are centrally controlled.
On the α-μ Autocorrelation and Power Spectrum Functions: Field Trials and Validation

Indoor and outdoor field trial measurements are used to validate the autocorrelation function derived in an exact manner for the α-µ fading signal. In addition, accurate closed-form approximations for both autocorrelation function and to the power spectrum of the α-µ envelope are obtained and also validated. Comparisons are performed and an excellent fit to the field measurements is found in both isotropic and anisotropic environments.
Putting Figures on Influences on Moroccan Darija from Arabic, French and Spanish using the WordNet

Moroccan Darija is a variant of Arabic with many influences. Using the Open Multilingual WordNet (OMW), we compare the lemmas in the Moroccan Darija Wordnet (MDW) with the standard Arabic, French and Spanish ones. We then compared the lemmas in each synset with their translation equivalents. Transliteration is used to bridge alphabet differences and match lemmas in the closest phonological way. The results put figures on the similarity Moroccan Darija has with Arabic, French and Spanish: respectively 42.0%, 2.8% and 2.2%.
Comparison of kinematic and dynamic sensor modalities and derived features for human motion segmentation

Human motion segmentation aims to extract individual motion repetitions from a continuous stream of data, typically using a single sensor modality. However, with the numerous sensor modalities available for motion measurement, it can be difficult to determine which modality is the most suitable. This paper investigates how segmentation accuracy is affected by the choice of sensing modality. Motion capture joint position, kinematic, force plate ground reaction force, centre of pressure, and joint torque features were considered, and their segmentation accuracy compared using classifier-based segmentation. It was found that joint position, joint angle, and ground reaction force produced similar accuracy values at 96%. These results suggest that raw motion capture and force plate sensor data can provide comparable accuracy to joint angles, reducing the need for computationally expensive inverse kinematic/dynamic computation and difficult parameter estimation.
The Methyl Group of theN6-Methyl-N6-Threonylcarbamoyladenosine in tRNA of Escherichia coli Modestly Improves the Efficiency of the tRNA

ABSTRACT tRNA species that read codons starting with adenosine (A) containN6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) derivatives adjacent to and 3′ of the anticodons from all organisms. InEscherichia coli there are 12 such tRNA species of which two (tRNAGGUThr1 and tRNAGGUThr3) have the t6A derivativeN6-methyl-N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (m6t6A37). We have isolated a mutant ofE. coli that lacks the m6t6A37 in these two tRNAGGUThr species. These tRNA species in the mutant are likely to have t6A37 instead of m6t6A37. We show that the methyl group of m6t6A37 originates fromS-adenosyl-l-methionine and that the gene (tsaA) which most likely encodes tRNA(m6t6A37)methyltransferase is located at min 4.6 on the E. coli chromosomal map. The growth rate of the cell, the polypeptide chain elongation rate, and the selection of Thr-tRNAGGUThr to the ribosomal A site programmed with either of the cognate codons ACC and ACU were the same for thetsaA1 mutant as for the congenic wild-type strain. The expression of the threonine operon is regulated by an attenuator which contains in its leader mRNA seven ACC codons that are read by these two m6t6A37-containing tRNAGGUThrspecies. We show that the tsaA1 mutation resulted in a twofold derepression of this operon, suggesting that the lack of the methyl group of m6t6A37 in tRNAGGUThr slightly reduces the efficiency of this tRNA to read cognate codon ACC.
A Molecular Diagnostic Algorithm to Guide Pollen Immunotherapy in Southern Europe: Towards Component-Resolved Management of Allergic Diseases

Correct identification of the culprit allergen is an essential part of diagnosis and treatment in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases. In recent years, molecular biology has made important advances facilitating such identification and overcoming some of the drawbacks of natural allergen extracts, which consist of mixtures of various proteins that may be allergenic or not, specific for the allergen source or widely distributed (panallergens). New technologies offer the opportunity for a more accurate component-resolved diagnosis, of benefit especially to polysensitized allergic patients. The basic elements of molecular diagnostics with potential relevance to immunotherapy prescription are reviewed here, with a focus on Southern European sensitization patterns to pollen allergens. We propose a basic algorithm regarding component-resolved diagnostic work-up for pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy candidates in Southern Europe; this and similar algorithms can form the basis of improved patient management, conceptually a ‘Component-Resolved Allergy Management'.
C 16 Saturated Fatty Acid Induced Autophagy in A549 Cells through Topoisomerase I Inhibition

C16 saturated fatty acid (Palmitic acid) is one of the most common dietary fatty acids which played an important role in the cellular biological functions. Palmitic acid (PA) was tested for potential inhibition of DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) and it exhibited inhibitory activity in the nanomolar range. Treatment of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 with PA resulted in a decrease in cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, and PA showed cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 150 μM. DNA fragmentation assay and caspase activity indicated that PA does not induce apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. Finally, we found that PA was able to cause an increase in autophagic flux in a time-dependent manner, evidenced by the accumulation of LC3 through monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. More importantly, inhibition of autophagy by blocking autophagosome formation via the inhibition of type III Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI-3K), by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) was able to effectively suppress PA-induced autophagy. We showed that inhibition of autophagy sensitized the cells signal to PA-induced apoptosis, suggesting the pro-survival function of autophagy induced by PA. Taken together, results from this study reveal that PA as a topo I inhibitor induced autophagic cell death in A549 cells.
A set-valued observer approach to multiple-model adaptive control of neuromuscular blockade

Due to their underlying complexity, biomedical systems are typically described by dynamic models with a significant level of uncertainty. Hence, classical control methods cannot be readily applied, as they do not render satisfactory results in terms of performance and even stability. Therefore, this paper proposes a multiple-model adaptive approach to the neuromuscular blockade control problem, based on the recent advances in set-valued observers for model falsification, that explicitly account for unknown parameters in the model. Some of the indistinguishability issues that usually arise in control problems with such levels of model uncertainty are also mentioned, The suggested method outperforms the alternatives in the literature, in terms of reference tracking error and of the number of successful model selections, as illustrated in simulation.
On using bargaining game for Optimal Placement of SDN controllers

In this paper we address the problem of Software Defined Networking (SDN) controller placement in large networks. Indeed, to solve the scalability issue raised by the centralized architecture of SDN, multi-controllers deployment (or distributed controllers system) is envisioned. However, the number and the location of controllers in large networks remain an issue. In this context, several works have been proposed to find the optimal placement of SDN controllers. Most of them consider latency among SDN controllers and switches as the main metric. In this work, we go beyond the state of art by proposing a solution that considers at the same time three critical objectives for the optimal placement of controllers: (i) the latency and communication overhead between switches and controllers; (ii)the latency and communication overhead between controllers; (iii) the guarantee of load balancing between controllers. We then solve the system by using Bargaining Game in order to find a fair trade off between these objectives. Simulation results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution in finding the optimal placement of controllers that enforces this trade-off.
The 'stretched'-Golay and other codes for high-SNR finite-delay quantization of the Gaussian source at 1/2 bit per sample

Error-correcting codes are considered as codebooks for high-performance vector quantization (VQ) of the IID Gaussian source at fractional bit rate. A family of good rate-one-half codes is introduced: the stretched Golay codes. The performance of these codes is compared to other good block codes, trellis-coded quantization, and other techniques. The stretched Golay codes are shown to outperform previously published results for block lengths 32, 40, 56, and 64. The good performance, together with fast decoding make these techniques attractive for applications such as low-bit-rate coding of speech. >
Harnessing high altitude wind power using light gas filled blimp

This paper presents a simple concept of harvesting high altitude wind power using air-borne wind turbine-cum-electric generators supported by light gas filled blimp/aerostat. Air-borne wind turbine at high altitude extracts kinetic energy from high speed streamlined wind using buoyancy provided by the blimp. Using a suitable power electronic converter (PEC), extracted electrical power is sent to the ground using a tether. Blimp is tethered to the ground and the same tether is used for electricity transmission as well. This paper outlines major components used for harvesting high altitude wind power. Transmission of power at medium voltage DC reduces the transmission loss and volume of the conducting cable. The optimal transmission voltage level is determined that gives minimum weight of the tether for a given power level and proposes a simple and high power density power electronic converter, which converts low voltage AC to medium voltage DC in an air-borne unit. Simulation results obtained prove efficient power conversion using the proposed power electronic converter. In addition, comparative study between conventional wind energy harvesting system and high altitude wind energy harvesting system shows high altitude wind power is better in terms of capacity factor, cost of electricity (COE), ease of construction and power density than conventional wind power generating system.
Prevalence of Mycoplasma Synoviae in eggs from laying hens using ELISA

Mycoplasma synoviae (M. synoviae) can cause respiratory disease, synovitis, peritonitis, egg apical abnormalities or a subclinical infection. The importance of M. synoviae is well established in broilers but only a few studies have been conducted in layers. In the present study, the prevalence of M. synoviae in commercial layer flocks was determined by ELISA using egg yolk antibodies. Subsequently, a possible correlation between the serological status of M. synoviae and egg shell quality was also studied. In the flocks under study, seroprevalence of M. synoviae was found to be 69 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 47 to 91). Statistical analysis showed that the vaccinated group (3.0 ± 0.1) had the highest translucency score as compared to infected (2.4 ± 0.1) and uninfected (2.5 ± 0.1) groups, whereas % shell reflectivity was highest in the infected group (31.41 ± 0.3) as compared to the other two groups. Shell breaking strength (39.5 ± 0.5 Newtons) and shell deformation (298.7 ± 3.8 μm) values were significantly lower in the infected group than in the uninfected and vaccinated groups. There was no significant difference among these three groups for egg quality parameters egg weight, egg shell weight, % egg shell, shell thickness.
SIMULATIONS OF AN IMAGE-GUIDED RADIOTHERAPY SYSTEM

An image guided radiotherapy system consists of three major components: a radiation delivery unit, an irradiated object (patient) and an imaging unit. While simulations of each of the components can provide some information, simulations of an integrated system provide another level of information. These simulations enable, for example, optimization of the system, improvement of the imaging feedback, and simulation of the dose delivery allowing later comparison to the real delivery to detect errors. A Monte Carlo model was created with the MCNP Monte Carlo code to enable simulation of an integrated image guided radiotherapy system with the helical tomotherapy system as an example. All three basic components of the system were modeled with the highest possible accuracy. Even though most of the geometric information was available, some details about the detector geometry were not known and significant effort had to be put into “reverse engineering” the system. Data from the Monte Carlo model were compared with experimental data from the phantom and detector. Excellent agreement was observed with the measurements in the phantom, which enabled tuning of the parameters of the incident electron beam. On the other hand, agreement between the measured detector signal and calculated dose deposited in the detector was in lesser agreement. Several important characteristics have been determined from the system, like the photon and electron spectra at the exit of the source and in the detector, the amount of electron contamination, and the amount of the primary/scattered signal. Monte Carlo simulations of an image guided radiotherapy system are very useful for determining characteristics of the system that can not be measured and are helpful for improving the system functionality. However, extensive effort has to be put into commissioning of the system, especially since some of the design details might not be available.
Visualization of medical rule-based knowledge bases

In this work the topic of applying clustering as a knowledge extraction method from real-world data is discussed. The authors propose hierarchical clustering method and visualization technique for knowledge base representation in the context of medical knowledge bases for which data mining techniques are successfully employed and may resolve different problems. What is more, the authors analyze the impact of different clustering parameters on the result of searching through such a structure. Particular attention was also given to the problem of cluster visualization. Authors review selected, two-dimensional approaches, stating their advantages and drawbacks in the context of representing complex cluster structures.
Influence of the Substitution of 3-Vinyl by 3-Formyl Group on the Photodynamic Properties of Chlorin P6: Molecular, Cellular and In vivo Studies¶

Abstract Molecular in vitro and in vivo properties of 3-devinyl-3-formylchlorin p6 (FCp6) were examined in order to characterize this derivative as a new prospective photosensitizer. The long-wavelength absorption maximum of FCp6 was 690–696 nm (depending on environment). FCp6 was found to bind readily to membranous structures and form complexes with some proteins. The dye was associated with the plasmalemma and distributed rather diffusely along the cytoplasm with ca a three-fold higher accumulation within mitochondria in A549 human adenocarcinoma cells. The spectral analysis revealed that the major part of FCp6 was bound to membranes within cells. The membrane-bound FCp6 was shown to generate singlet oxygen efficiently. The average cytoplasmic concentration of FCp6 in A549 cells achieved ca 80% of its extracellular concentration in complete medium. The dye was characterized by a very fast efflux (16-fold decrease in 2 h). The ex vivo analysis of FCp6 fluorescence in mice revealed that the maximal dye content in blood, tissues, organs and tumor was achieved in less than 1 h after injection, followed by a considerable (ca six-fold) decrease during the next 23 h and a long-term persistence at low level. A preferential accumulation of FCp6 in subcutaneously implanted Ehrlich carcinoma along with its higher retention level comparing to the surrounding skin and muscles were observed in mice treated with different dye doses. In vitro cytotoxic assays with A549 and Raji B-cell lymphoma cells as well as in vivo analyses using Ehrlich carcinoma in mice revealed the very low toxicity of FCp6 without light irradiation and the significant photodynamic activity of this compound.
Binocular vergence control using disparity energy neurons

The human vision system accounts for a major part of the cortex and has been a subject of interest for investigators of 3-D perception. Vergence control is a crucial component for robust and consistent binocular vision. In turn, such visual components provide for attention-based saccadic observations. Robust vergence control can be realised using the disparity energy model inspired by the study on disparity-tuned neurons in the mammalian visual cortex and it has been considered the most biologically plausible model for disparity estimation. While the method provides a faithful model for disparity estimation, the computational complexity of the model impedes the use of it in real-time robotic systems. This article proposes a hierarchical disparity estimation model using fixed tuning disparity energy cells and a pyramidal image structure to restructure the concepts of the coarse-to-fine disparity energy model so that near real time vergence control can be achieved. Such is the achievement of this article, that scientific perspectives can be used to fulfil engineering level objectives through the use of biologically inspired cognitive studies. This improvement of speed has led to a successful deployment of a binocular vision system capable of vergence in a natural indoor environment. Also presented are the theories and results of the vergence control and the disparity estimation, including a systematic presentation of both the qualitative and quantitative results.