Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise as an Alternative Approach for Treating Smartphone Addiction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Random Controlled Trials

Background: With the emergence of electronic products, smartphones have become an indispensable tool in our daily life. On the other hand, smartphone addiction has become a public health issue. To help reduce smartphone addiction, cost-effective interventions such as exercise are encouraged. Purpose: We therefore performed a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating existing literature on the rehabilitative effects of exercise interventions for individuals with a smartphone addiction. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang from inception to September 2019. Nine eligible randomized controlled trials (RCT) were finally included for meta-analysis (SMD represents the magnitude of effect of exercise) and their methodological quality were assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: We found significant positive effects of exercise interventions (Taichi, basketball, badminton, dance, run, and bicycle) on reducing the total score (SMD = −1.30, 95% CI −1.53 to −1.07, p < 0.005, I2 = 62%) of smartphone addiction level and its four subscales (withdrawal symptom: SMD = −1.40, 95% CI −1.73 to −1.07, p < 0.001, I2 = 81%; highlight behavior: SMD = −1.95, 95% CI −2.99 to −1.66, p < 0.001, I2 = 79%; social comfort: SMD = −0.99, 95% CI −1.18 to −0.81, p = 0.27, I2 = 21%; mood change: SMD = −0.50, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.69, p = 0.25, I2 = 25%). Furthermore, we found that individuals with severe addiction level (SMD = −1.19, I2 = 0%, 95%CI:−1.19 to −0.98) benefited more from exercise engagement, as compared to those with mild to moderate addiction levels (SMD = − 0.98, I2 = 50%, 95%CI:−1.31 to −0.66); individuals with smartphone addiction who participated in exercise programs of 12 weeks and above showed significantly greater reduction on the total score (SMD = −1.70, I2 = 31.2%, 95% CI −2.04 to −1.36, p = 0.03), as compared to those who participated in less than 12 weeks of exercise intervention (SMD = −1.18, I2 = 0%, 95% CI−1.35 to −1.02, p < 0.00001). In addition, individuals with smartphone addiction who participated in exercise of closed motor skills showed significantly greater reduction on the total score (SMD = −1.22, I2 = 0 %, 95% CI −1.41 to −1.02, p = 0.56), as compared to those who participated in exercise of open motor skills (SMD = −1.17, I2 = 44%, 95% CI−1.47 to −0.0.87, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Exercise interventions may have positive effects on treating smartphone addiction and longer intervention durations may produce greater intervention effects.
Acute effect of hematological parameters on aerobic and anaerobic exercise

Main of aim of this study in which 18 volunteers with average of 21,6 years are involved is to search acute effect of hematological parameters on aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Max VO2 values of volunteers are obtained using Astrand bicycle ergonometric test. Aerobic exercise was taken with %50 of max VO2 for 45 minutes and anaerobic exercise was taken with %120 of max VO2 till exhausted. Blood samples were taken before exercise, just after exercise and 24 hours after exercise and we looked at hematocrit values. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA test. There are no significant values observed in hemotological results for aerobic exercise. But, there were some significant values observed in Hb, Hct, Wbc just after anaerobic exercise whereas some significant decreases were observed for 24 hours after exercise. Comparison of both exercises time showed that there is significant increase in anaerobic exercise and decreases in aerobic exercise. As a result, maximal and hard exercise affects hematological values more then moderate exercise. The reason of this observation is because there has been a change in hematocrit levels and movement of leucocyte from margination pool to demargination pool in blood circulation duration of exercise and after exercise.
PP2A Facilitates Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Replication by Deactivating irf3 and Limiting Type I Interferon Production

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a major serine/threonine phosphatase in mammalian cells, is known to regulate the kinase-driven intracellular signaling pathways. Emerging evidences have shown that the PP2A phosphatase functions as a bona-fide therapeutic target for anticancer therapy, but it is unclear whether PP2A affects a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that inhibition of PP2A activity by either inhibitor or small interfering RNA duplexes in target cells significantly reduced their susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. Further analysis revealed that inhibition of PP2A function resulted in augmented production of type I interferon (IFN). The mechanism is that inhibition of PP2A activity enhances the levels of phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3, which activates the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes. Moreover, inhibition of PP2A activity mainly blocked PRRSV replication in the early stage of viral life cycle, after virus entry but before virus release. Using type I IFN receptor 2 specific siRNA in combination with PP2A inhibitor, we confirmed that the effect of PP2A on viral replication within target cells was an interferon-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that PP2A serves as a negative regulator of host cells antiviral responses and provides a novel therapeutic target for virus infection.
Genetic and Lineage Classification of Glioma-Initiating Cells Identifies a Clinically Relevant Glioblastoma Model

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project described a robust gene expression-based molecular classification of glioblastoma (GBM), but the functional and biological significance of the subclasses has not been determined. The present comprehensive analysis of 25 glioma-initiating cell (GIC) lines classifies GIC lines into four subtypes (classical, mesenchymal, proneural, and neural) that are closely related to the TCGA GBM subclasses and display distinct lineage characteristics and differentiation behavior that recapitulate neural development. More importantly, the GIC subtypes exhibit distinct biological phenotypes in relation to self-renewal capacity, proliferation, invasiveness, and angiogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the GIC subtypes exhibit divergent patterns of signaling pathway activation and deactivation of the Wnt, Notch, and TGF-β pathways. These results will improve drug discovery targeting certain genetic mutation in glioblastoma and improve the development of precision medicine.
Discordance between old and new criteria for stratifying patients with COPD

1. Instituto de Investigação em Ciências da Vida e Saúde – ICVS – Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal. 2. Laboratório Associado ICVS/3B’s, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal. 3. Departamento Respiratório, Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal. 4. Departamento de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal. 5. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 6. Unidade de Saúde Familiar Horizonte, Centro de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal. a. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5811-3786; b. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-4923; c. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6577-0063; d. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-7908 TO THE EDITOR:
Antibacterial Performance of a Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine-Treated Ag/Graphene Nanocomposite Material

Graphene-based nanocomposites have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. In this study, a facile yet effective approach was developed to synthesize reduced graphene oxide and an Ag–graphene nanocomposite. The basic strategy involved in the preparation of reduced graphene oxide includes reducing graphene oxide with dopamine, followed by in situ syntheses of the Ag-PDA-reducing graphene oxide (RGO) nanocomposite through adding AgNO3 solution and a small amount of dopamine. The nanocomposite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectra, Raman spectra, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), results indicated that a uniform PDA film is formed on the surface of the GO and GO is successfully reduced. Besides, the in situ synthesized Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) were evenly distributed on the RGO surface. To investigate antibacterial properties Ag-PDA-RGO, different dosages were selected for evaluating the antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The Ag-PDA-RGO nanocomposites displayed excellent antibacterial property. The antibacterial ratio reached 99.9% against S. aureus and 90.9% against E. coli when the dosage of 100 mg/L Ag-PDA-RGO nanocomposites was 100 μL. The novel Ag-PDA-RGO nanocomposite prepared by a facile yet effective, environmentally friendly, and low-cost method holds great promise in a wide range of modern biomedical applications.
Wheat ear growth modeling based on a polygon

Visual inspection of wheat growth has been a useful tool for understanding and implementing agricultural techniques and a way to accurately predict the growth status of wheat yields for economists and policy decision makers. In this paper, we present a polygonal approach for modeling the growth process of wheat ears. The grain, lemma, and palea of wheat ears are represented as editable polygonal models, which can be re-polygonized to detect collision during the growth process. We then rotate and move the colliding grain to resolve the collision problem. A linear interpolation and a spherical interpolation are developed to simulate the growth of wheat grain, performed in the process of heading and growth of wheat grain. Experimental results show that the method has a good modeling effect and can realize the modeling of wheat ears at different growth stages.
Modeling yarn-level geometry from a single micro-image

Different types of cloth show distinctive appearances owing to their unique yarn-level geometrical details. Despite its importance in applications such as cloth rendering and simulation, capturing yarn-level geometry is nontrivial and requires special hardware, e.g., computed tomography scanners, for conventional methods. In this paper, we propose a novel method that can produce the yarn-level geometry of real cloth using a single micro-image, captured by a consumer digital camera with a macro lens. Given a single input image, our method estimates the large-scale yarn geometry by image shading, and the fine-scale fiber details can be recovered via the proposed fiber tracing and generation algorithms. Experimental results indicate that our method can capture the detailed yarn-level geometry of a wide range of cloth and reproduce plausible cloth appearances.
p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Is Activated and Linked to TNF-α Signaling in Inflammatory Bowel Disease1

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)—Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis—are relapsing chronic inflammatory disorders which involve genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. The regulation of TNF-α, a key mediator in the inflammatory process in IBD, is interconnected with mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. The aim of this study was to characterize the activity and expression of the four p38 subtypes (p38α–δ), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 in the inflamed intestinal mucosa. Western blot analysis revealed that p38α, JNKs, and ERK1/2 were significantly activated in IBD, with p38α showing the most pronounced increase in kinase activity. Protein expression of p38 and JNK was only moderately altered in IBD patients compared with normal controls, whereas ERK1/2 protein was significantly down-regulated. Immunohistochemical analysis of inflamed mucosal biopsies localized the main expression of p38α to lamina propria macrophages and neutrophils. ELISA screening of the supernatants of Crohn’s disease mucosal biopsy cultures showed that incubation with the p38 inhibitor SB 203580 significantly reduced secretion of TNF-α. In vivo inhibition of TNF-α by a single infusion of anti-TNF-α Ab (infliximab) resulted in a highly significant transient increase of p38α activity during the first 48 h after infusion. A significant infliximab-dependent p38α activation was also observed in THP-1 myelomonocytic cells. In human monocytes, infliximab enhanced TNF-α gene expression, which could be inhibited by SB 203580. In conclusion, p38α signaling is involved in the pathophysiology of IBD.
Frequency-Amplitude Ratio of Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential for Identifying Meniere’s Disease. -

Objective: Frequency amplitude ratio (FAR) is one among several parameters of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) found useful in diagnosis of Meniere’s disease. This being the least explored of the parameters, there is not only a need for further investigation but also a need for identifying the best suited frequency amplitude ratio for diagnosing Meniere’s disease. Design: This prospective study aimed at investigating FAR of cVEMP in healthy individuals and individuals with Meniere’s disease establishing the optimum frequency pair for assessment of Meniere’s disease. Study sample: Twenty two individuals with unilateral definite Meniere’s disease were compared against 22 healthy individuals. Results: Frequency amplitude ratios corresponding to 750/500, 1000/500, 1500/500 and tuned frequency/500 were all found useful in diagnosis of Meniere’s disease by virtue of showing larger frequency amplitude ratio in Meniere’s disease ears compared to the controls (p< 0.05). The frequency amplitude ratio of 750/500 frequency pair produced highest sensitivity (95.45%) and specificity (79.55%) when using a criterion point of ≥1.12 for diagnosis of Meniere’s disease. Conclusions: FAR is a reliable tool for diagnosis of Meniere’s disease. The FAR of 750/500 is better suited to the identification of Meniere’s disease than 1000/500.
Hypoglycaemic activity of ethanolic leaf extract and fractions of Holarrhena floribunda (Apocynaceae)

Holarrhena floribunda is a common plant that has traditionally been used in Africa to treat many diseases such as fever, dysentery, sterility and diabetes. This study was set out to evaluate the hypoglycaemic properties of ethanolic leaf extract of Holarrhena floribunda and various fractions of this extract in normal fasted and fed-hyperglycaemic rats. Blood glucose levels (g L -1 ) were deter-mined at the following times: 1) after a 12 hours period prior to drug administration, 2) An hour after the oral administration of the extract (250-1000 mg kg -1 ), its fractions (1000 mg kg -1 ), Glibenclamide (10 mg kg -1 ) or the vehicle and 3) one and four hours after the oral overload of anhy-drous glucose (4 g kg -1 body weight). The extract showed a remarkable dose-dependent down-regulation of blood glucose in fasted rats at 1000 mg kg -1 (p<0.05) and significantly reduced or totally prevented the induction of hyperglycaemia at 500 and 1000 mg kg -1 respectively. This Glibenclamide-like hypoglycaemic activity of the extract was found to be present in the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions of the plant. Our results show that the leaves of H. floribunda possess hypoglycaemic properties and strongly suggest that its usage in traditional and to a larger extent orthodox medicine may be fully explored.
Proposal Practical End-to-End Verification of Cyber-Physical Systems

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) combining discrete control and continuous physical dynamics are pervasive in modern society: examples include driver assistance in cars, industrial robotics, airborne collision avoidance systems, and the electrical grid. Many of these systems are safety-critical because they operate in close proximity to humans. Formal safety verification of these systems is important because it is a key tool for attaining the strongest possible safety guarantees. Hybrid systems models, in particular, are a successful formalism for CPS. Hybrid systems theorem-proving in differential dynamic logic (dL) and its generalization differential game logic (dGL) are notable for strong logical foundations and successful application in case studies using the theorem provers KeYmaera and KeYmaera X. However, safety verification of models does not imply safety of implementations, which might not be faithful to the model. Further still, a formal proof means nothing if the proof-checking software is unsound. This thesis addresses implementation and soundness gaps by using constructive logic and programming languages as the foundation of an end-to-end verification toolchain. That is: Constructive Differential Game Logic (CdGL) enables practical, end-to-end verification of cyber-physical systems. CdGL enables synthesis of implementations with bulletproof theoretical foundations. Logic is the keystone of the end-to-end connection from high-level proofs and foundations to implementations. Our pursuit of practical proving includes innovations in the proof scripting language itself. CdGL proofs, in contrast to dGL, are suitable for synthesizing controllers which determine safe actions for a CPS and monitors which check the compliance of the external environment with model assumptions. The synthesized code is automatically proven correct down to machine-code level. The foundations are also strengthened by our formalization of dL’s soundness in Isabelle/HOL, allowing proofs in the fragment dL to be exported and rechecked. We evaluate the toolchain on a 2D robot which follows arcs. The model and implementation cross-validate each other: monitors catch incorrect code and assumptions, while testing with monitors enabled allows us to assess the realism of the model. October 7, 2019 DRAFT
Bringing older informal caregivers and recipients to the digital age: Experiences of using digital services

BACKGROUND: Advancing informal caregivers’ and recipients’ health and functional capacity and enabling living at home are significant objectives in Finnish society. The purpose of this project is to create a model for supporting the welfare services of informal caregivers digitally. METHOD: The data were collected in late 2017 by interviewing the informal caregivers (N = 19) who took part in the project in one city (n = 9) and one rural municipality (n = 10). They filled the 15D quality of life instrument with added questions before and after intervention and evaluated the digital service after seven months of piloting. The recipients (n = 19) also filled a questionnaire on a memory game device. RESULTS: Informal caregivers considered their quality of life good, though approximately half felt mildly depressed and distressed. Their wishes for tablet programs included peer support, lectures, and live entertainment. Nearly all caregivers recommended the digital service to others despite technical problems. The difficulty of the game divided the recipients’ opinions. A functional service model is presented as a summary of the project. CONCLUSIONS: It is paramount to move the entire service to a single platform with large shortcuts to each segment. This will enable the user to easily use the programs and contact people.
Optimization, physical-chemical evaluation and healing activity of chitosan ointment

Context: Chitosan has received attention as a functional, sustainably renewable, nontoxic and biodegradable biopolymer for pharmaceutical applications such as healing agent. Aims: To design a semisolid pharmaceutical form (ointment), employing 1% chitosan as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Methods: The formulation was carried out through D-optimal mixing design, with a linear model. Variation components evaluated were the concentration of sodium hydroxide, water and anhydrous lanolin. Variables included those of response pH and extensibility. Three batches were produced, and the physical and chemical stability of the ointment was assessed through stress and shelf-life tests for 24 months. Physical-chemical parameters studied included organoleptic characteristics, chitosan content, rheological behavior, apparent viscosity, pH and extensibility. Wound healing activity was also tested for burns damage model in rats. Results: The mixture design showed that the best formulation was the one containing 0.12% sodium hydroxide, 20.0% anhydrous lanolin and 40.0% water, with the mechanical-structural behavior characteristics of a semisolid product. This product had healing effects and showed adequate physical chemical stability during the time under study. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that 1% chitosan ointment design favors scarring in the second-degree burn damage model in rats skin applied for 14 days at the rate of daily administration.
A Depth-Enhanced Visual Inertial Odometry for a Robotic Navigation Aid for Blind People

This paper presents a new method, called depthenhanced visual-inertial odometry (DVIO), for real-time pose estimation of a robotic navigation aid (RNA) for assistive wayfinding. The method estimates the device pose by using an RGB-D camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). It extracts the floor plane from the camera’s depth data and tightly couple the floor plane, the visual features (with depth data from the RGB-D camera or unknown depth), and the IMU’s inertial data in a graph optimization framework for 6DOF pose estimation. Due to use of the floor plane and the depth data from the RGB-D camera, the DVIO method has a better pose estimation accuracy than its VIO counterpart. To enable real-time computing on the RNA, the size of the sliding window for the graph optimization is reduced to trade some accuracy for computational efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the method achieved a pose estimation accuracy similar to that of the state of the art VIO but ran at a much faster speed (with a pose update rate of 18 Hz).
Towards application of text mining for enhanced power network data analytics-Part II Document

Text mining is a subdivision of data mining technologies used to extract useful information from unstructured textual data. In recent years, power distribution networks have become more complex due to the versatile consumer demand and integration of distributed energy resources. This has led to the need for enhanced data processing and analysis, i.e., data analytics, in distribution system studies. This paper for the first time explores the feasibility of application of text mining methods as a part of power system data analytics. The focus is on identifying and describing the steps that need to be taken for the knowledge extraction from large offline textual document collections and on demonstrating the effectiveness of the whole process if undertaken by a power system engineer, i.e., a nonspecialist in the area of text mining.
Selection Of Privacy Enhanced Communication : An Extension Of The UTAUT 2 Theory Full Paper

In 2013, the capacity and capability of the world’s intelligence agencies to monitor communications was revealed, which has resulted in an increased awareness by consumers of the potential that private communications could be monitored on a grand scale. As a result of these disclosures, consumers are more sensitive to privacy related concerns, but there is limited extant literature and models focusing on the impact the perception of privacy has on consumer’s selection, acceptance, and use of technology. This paper proposes a theoretical extension of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) to incorporate privacy as an individual factor influencing consumer acceptance and use of technology. The proposed UTAUT2+P theory incorporates the perception of privacy as an individual difference, along with age, gender and experience, which is hypothesized to moderate the effects of extant UTAUT2 constructs on behavioral intention and technology acceptance by consumers.