Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BIOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE EUROPEAN HAKE, Merluccius Merluccius (OSTEICHTHYES: MERLUCCIIDAE), FROM THE CENTRAL ADRIATIC SEA

The relationship between morphometric measurements (16) and meristic characters (6) was examined in 460 specimens of the European hake (225 females, 210 males and 25 immature ones) caught in the central Adriatic Sea. Mor- phological difference between males and females was not marked. Biometric analyses of the morphometric and meristic characteristics indicated a homogenous morphology stock of M. merluccius in the central Adriatic Sea. Changes in some morphometric characteristics obtained in conjunction with an increase in body length showed that smaller specimens have a longer head, anal and ventral fin than adult specimens. The negative correlation recorded for the maximum and minimum body depth indicated that the body becomes progressively elongated. The meristic characteristics of the Euro- pean hake from different Mediterranean and NE Atlantic areas are mostly in agreement with the data in our study.
Comparison of methods for inoculation of ears and stalks of maize with Fusarium moniliforme

Over four plantings from 1986 to 1988, several ear- and stalk-inoculation methods for Fusarium moniliforme were compared on maize (Zea mays). Significant differences were observed among methods in their effect on disease incidence and severity. For ear inoculations, shooting a BB pellet covered with inoculum into the ear or using a nail punch were the most effective methods. For stalk inoculations, shooting a BB pellet into the stem or the drill/toothpick method were the most effective. Ear and stalk rot severities were positively correlated with the diameter of the inoculation tool (.)
Monitoring colony colour and zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium spp.) condition in the reef zoanthid Palythoa tuberculosa in Okinawa, Japan

Abstract Colony colour, as assessed using waterproof colour cards, is an accurate, economical and rapid way of field monitoring coral bleaching. This technique, however, has never been applied to zoanthids, nor have variations in colony colour been directly correlated with microscopic observation of Symbiodinium condition. In this study, we examined 12 colonies of the common reef zoanthid Palythoa tuberculosa at two sites (Odo and Miyagi) in Okinawa, Japan, for one year to observe the relationship between colour card scores, Symbiodinium morphological condition and sea surface temperature (SST); Symbiodinium types within the study specimens were also examined. Colonies became paler during periods of rapid SST increase and significant correlations between P. tuberculosa colony colour and internal zooxanthellar condition were found for 5 out of the 12 colonies monitored. Results were more pronounced at the Odo site (significant correlations for four out of six colonies) as compared to the Miyagi site (a significant correlation for one out of six colonies). Internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA) sequencing results showed no changes in Symbiodinium types among colonies, or between summer and winter. Due to their wide distribution, abundance and ease of identification, zooxanthellate zoanthids are good candidates for monitoring bleaching events on coral reefs.
Satellite Image retrival based on sensitive content method

: - The satellite cloud image is a valuable source of information in weather forecasting and early prediction of different atmospheric disturbances such as typhoons, hurricanes etc. Due to the increased number and resolutions of the Earth imaging sensors and image acquisition techniques, the satellite image data is growing enormously which makes it difficult to store and manage. The traditional image retrieval technique is inefficient in retrieving these images. Content-based image retrieval is an approach from data mining community which provides the solution of managing this huge quantity of data. In this research, a Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system has been applied on Geospatial Images of fire and forest, Clutter and water, cyclone and water etc. Geospatial images are processed using K-means clustering algorithms to obtain a high-dimensional feature vector. The Feature vectors include HSV Histogram, LAB features, color autocorrelation, color moments, Gabor features. Then Train a KNN classifier using those features using different distance metrics. The images and the extracted feature vectors are stored in the database. Distance metric is used to compute the similarity between the images. The system is robust as it provides search based on the multiple features. The performance of the system was evaluated by analyzing the retrieval results using precision. Many past result was evaluated and based on that results and method the aim was to find the best outcome among all.
A Simple Method to Determine the O:N Ratio of Small Marine Animals

INTRODUCTION The atomic ratio of oxygen-consumed to ammonia-nitrogen excreted by marine organisms (O:N ratio) is more conveniently and precisely determined with current analytical procedures than the respiratory quotient (R.Q.). When an organism is oxidizing protein exclusively the O: N ratio will be low, less than 7; it will be high when either fat or carbohydrate is oxidized.
Methods to inventory and strip thin in dense stands of aspen root suckers

Abstract: Aspen and their hybrids have demonstrated high biomass productivity and can produce abundant regeneration in the form of root suckers. This makes aspen particularly intriguing for bio-energy production, because replanting costs can be avoided and additional biomass can be obtained by thinning the regenerating stands. Mechanical strip thinning (removal of stems in parallel strips) has been proposed as a fast and efficient method for capturing biomass that would otherwise be lost to mortality in such stands. However, determining the appropriate width for the residual rows is challenging, due to the difficulty of conducting inventories with traditional sampling tools and the variability in gap sizes between root suckers in the residual rows. In this study, we describe the development and testing of a simple inventory tool that may be used to conduct either fixed-area or variable-radius sampling in these stands. Also described is the development and testing of an equation that uses such inventory data along with Poisson distribution theory to predict the size of the largest gap between root suckers within residual rows, which in turn can be used to inform strip thinning operations. Based on the promising results of our limited tests, we encourage further evaluation of these methods with regeneration from planted and natural aspen stands, as well as other root suckering species.
Perdas de grãos e distribuição de palha na colheita mecanizada de soja

Considering that the harvest is the final step of a productive process and the losses should be kept within acceptable standards, the settings of harvesters should reduce quantitative losses and warrant high quality and sustainability of the productive system. This study aimed to determine the quantitative losses, straw distribution and operational characteristics of the harvester through the statistical process control, and to verify the quality of the harvesting operation. The study was conducted in Santa Juliana, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil (19 o 18’ S and 47 o 31’ W). The area sampled consisted in 40 points distributed in rectangular grid, equidistant from 50 m, defined sequentially after harvest starting. At each point, we evaluated the water content of the grains, number of pods per plant; insertion height of first pod; plant of height; productivity; straw distribution and operational characteristics of the harvester. The grain loss caused by the harvester was outside the control limits, but within the acceptable standards of losses for soybean crop. The quality of the harvesting operation and adjustments of the harvester were dependent on the speed displacement. The straw distribution proved to be near of the desirable for no-tillage system. The use of control charts was efficient for identifying the points out of control and assessing the quality of harvesting process.
Note. Pollen Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Spanish Honeys

Antibacterial activity of twenty-five samples of honey from different botanical origin was evaluated. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was used as the resistant microorganism. Pollen analysis revealed different botanical origins: Labiatae, rosemary, eucalyptus, heather and multifloral. The pH and acidity values were in the normal range, except for four samples that showed acidity values over 40 meq/kg, but none exhibited a state of fermentation. We have not found correlation between antibacterial activity and free acidity in the samples. Labiatae and rosemary honeys have exhibited the largest inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC, conversely to heather honeys, which showed lowest inhibition ability against this microorganism. Our results may indicate the presence of antimicrobial agents in Labiatae and rosemary honeys that have inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC. Likewise, the free acids of heather honeys have not shown inhibitory activity over this microorganism.
Effect of an Artificial Pond on Migrating Brown Trout Smolts

Abstract In southern Sweden, nutrient runoff from agricultural areas causes extensive eutrophication of inland and coastal waters. To reduce nutrient transport, especially nitrogen, resource managers are creating wetlands and ponds within stream systems. During 1996 and 1997, we studied the migration of smolts of brown trout Salmo trutta through one of these artificial ponds, situated in Onnerupsbacken Creek in southern Sweden. Because the former migration route through the stream was severed, migration through the pond was compared with an upstream reference section in the stream. Smolts were captured by a smolt trap about 2 km upstream of the pond and marked with electronic passive integrated transponders before being released into the stream. Downstream of the smolt trap, loss rate, swimming speed, and timing of movements of the brown trout were measured in the reference stream section and in the pond as the smolts passed each of three submerged antennae placed in the stream and at the pond's inlet and.
SUR UN THEOREMS DU TYPE KÖNIG POUR HYPERGRAPHES

P ' P + l a r e a l l d i f f e r e n t v e r t i c e s , are a l l d i f f e r e n t edges , P P ( 1 ) X I , X 2 , . x (2) E I s E 2 s * . s E ( 3 ) X k s X k + l C Ek (k = 1 , 2 ,., p ) . I f p > I , and i f x = x l , w e have a cyc le o f l e n g t h p. P+ 1 A t r a n s v e r s a l set of H i s a se t TCX, such t h a t T n E i # @ ( i = l , 2 , ., m). A pack ing i s a fami ly o f p a i r w i s e d i s j o i n t edges. The purpose of t h i s paper i s t o g e n e r a l i z e KSnig's theorem f o r b i p a r t i t e g raphs , and alsosome p r o p e r t i e s of unimodular m a t r i c e s , as fo l lows : A hypergraph H (and a l l i t s p a r t i a l sub-hypergraphs H I ) have a minimum t r a n s v e r s a l set and a maximum packing w i t h t h e same c a r d i n a l i t i e s if and only i f every 0dd c y c l e ( x l , E l , , . . , x ~ ~ + ~ ) of H p o s s e s s e s an edge Ei which c o n t a i n s a t l e a s t t h t e e v e r t i c e s of t h e cycle. This r e s u l t was found i n connec t ion wi th a c o n j e c t u r e on p e r f e c t g raphs . 40 Annals New Y ork Academy of Sciences R E F E R E N C E S -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. ( I ) C. BERGE : Some Classes of P e r f e c t Graphs. Graph Theory and Theor e t i c a l Phys ic s (Harary Ed. ) , Chap. 5, Academic P r e s s . 1967. (2) C. BERGE : The Rank of a Family o f Sets and some Appl i ca t ions t o Graph Theory. Recent P r o g r e s s i n Combinatorics, ( T u t t e Ed . ) , Academic P r e s s 1969, 49-57. (3) C. BERGE : Thgor ie des Graphes e t des Hypergraphes, Fondements (4) D.K. RAY CHAUDHURI : An Algorithm for a m a x i m u m cover of an absMathgmatiques. Chap. 17 e t 18. (To appear ) . t ract complex. Canad. J. of Math., 15, 1963, 11-24.
Survival of Spoonbills on Wadden Sea islands

The Spoonbill populations in Europe are fragmented and threatened. The dynamics of the species is poorly known but ringing and observation programmes are under way. Here we estimated the local survival of two colour-ringed populations of Spoonbills in the Netherlands. Adult survival and sighting rates, estimated with the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model, were high and constant over a 10-year period (1986-1996) and no differences could be detected between the two populations. Juvenile survival, estimated from the observed return rate, did not vary over a 5-year period (cohorts 1986-1990). However, at least in one of the two populations, the proportion of birds returning by two years of age increased over a 9-year period (cohorts 1986-1994). Thus there is only weak support for the idea that the recent increase in population size was driven by an increase in local survival. Our work on survival provide a first step towards a larger appreciation of the population dynamics and life-history of the Spoonbill.
A Role for the α-Chain Connecting Peptide Motif in Mediating TCR-CD8 Cooperation

To generate peripheral T cells that are both self-MHC restricted and self-MHC tolerant, thymocytes are subjected to positive and negative selection. How the TCR discriminates between positive and negative selection ligands is not well understood, although there is substantial evidence that the CD4 and CD8 coreceptors play an important role in this cell fate decision. We have previously identified an evolutionarily conserved motif in the TCR, the α-chain connecting peptide motif (α-CPM), which allows the TCR to deliver positive selection signals. Thymocytes expressing α-CPM-deficient receptors do not undergo positive selection, whereas their negative selection is not impaired. In this work we studied the ligand binding and receptor function of α-CPM-deficient TCRs by generating T cell hybridomas expressing wild-type or α-CPM-deficient forms of the T1 TCR. This Kd-restricted TCR is specific for a photoreactive derivative of the Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite peptide252–260 IASA-YIPSAEK(ABA)I and is therefore amenable to TCR photoaffinity labeling. The experiments presented in this work show that α-CPM-deficient TCRs fail to cooperate with CD8 to enhance ligand binding and functional responses.
Molecular Cloning of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus

Abstract Glucocorticoids mediate various essential biological functions by binding to and activating their specific receptors. In vertebrates, interactions between glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) play an important role in the feedback pathways of glucocorticoid regulation. In free-living birds, a number of studies have demonstrated seasonal regulation of the adrenocortical response to stress, but little is known about their downstream receptors, GR and MR. In this study, we successfully cloned the full-length open reading frames (ORFs) of the GR (eGR) and the MR (eMR) cDNAs from a passerine species, the Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus. The ORFs eGR contains 2,322 base pairs encoding 773 amino acids, and the eMR contains 2,952 base pairs encoding 983 amino acids. The eGR and eMR are highly conserved in their gene and amino acid sequences and in their secondary and 3D structures when compared with other species of birds and vertebrates.
Dental Function and Diet of Vintana Sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar

ABSTRACT—The nearly complete and well-preserved cranium of Vintana sertichi provides an opportunity to investigate its dietary adaptations. We used a combination of comparative morphological and biomechanical analyses to reveal the direction of its power stroke during mastication, reconstruct the positions and relative sizes of its muscles of mastication, and predict its capacity to produce bite forces during incision and molariform occlusion. The orientation of dental wear striations on the upper molariform teeth of Vintana, in combination with the orientation of the enamel islets and synclines and the position of leading and trailing edges, demonstrates that the power stroke was primarily palinal (distally directed), with a significant buccally directed component that is absent in multituberculates, haramiyidans, and other gondwanatherians. The large palinal component of jaw movement was corroborated by biomechanical analyses of the moments generated by the primary jaw adductors around the dentary-squamosal joint axis. Similar analyses also confirmed the previously documented proal (mesially directed) power stroke of the extant rodent Myocastor. Finite element analyses predict that Vintana was capable of producing bite forces that were more than twice as high as the similarly sized Myocastor. Vintana was almost certainly an herbivore, as claimed previously for other sudamericid gondwanatherians. Its size and capacity to generate high bite forces at both the incisors and the molariform teeth suggest that it was a mixed feeder whose diet may have included relatively large, hard food items such as roots, seeds, twigs, or nut-like fruits.
Differences in Cadmium Accumulation and Root Morphology in Seedlings of Japanese Wheat Varieties with Distinctive Grain Cadmium Concentration

Abstract A low cadmium (Cd) concentration in wheat grain is desirable because of Cd toxicity to humans. Grain Cd concentrations in Japanese wheat differed among the varieties in previous study. In this study, we hypothesized that the varieties with a low concentration of Cd in grain have (1) low Cd uptake from the soil through the roots during early growth and/or (2) low Cd translocation from the roots to shoots, and also, that (3) Cd uptake from soil is affected by root morphology. These hypotheses were verified by investigating the concentration and quantity of Cd in root, shoot and leaf tissues, and examining the root morphology of young seedlings of wheat varieties with high and low grain Cd concentrations. Seedlings of ‘Kitahonami’ and ‘Nanbukomugi’ which had low grain Cd concentration (low Cd/G varieties) had a lower Cd quantity in whole plant tissues than ‘Nishikazekomugi’ and ‘Kitakamikomugi’ which had high grain Cd concentration (high Cd/G varieties) during early growth. Low Cd/G varieties also showed lower root to shoot (aerial parts) translocation of Cd than high Cd/G varieties. Seedlings of low Cd/G varieties showed less root branching than high Cd/G varieties. Root frequency showed a significant positive correlation with Cd quantity in whole plant tissues. These results suggest that low Cd/G varieties used in this study have low Cd uptake and translocation from the roots to shoots during early growth, and furthermore, that low Cd uptake at the seedling stage may relate to slow and/or limited development of branching roots.
Diversity of Fenitrothion-Degrading Bacteria in Soils from Distant Geographical Areas

The diversity of fenitrothion-degrading bacteria active in soils from several distant locations in Japan was analyzed on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. One hundred seventy fenitrothion-degrading isolates from four locations were assigned to five genera of the phylum Proteobacteria: Bartonella, Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Cupriavidus, and Pseudomonas. Bartonella, Cupriavidus, and Rhizobium strains were shown to degrade organophosphorus pesticides for the first time. Burkholderia strains were dominant in all soils. Bartonella strains degraded fenitrothion cometabolically, while all other strains utilized the pesticide, indicating that a potential for both complete and partial degradation of fenitrothion by bacteria exists in soil in Japan. Soil microcosms were prepared and exposed to repeated applications of fenitrothion. In each microcosm, one single Burkholderia strain was favored by this treatment and subsequently dominated the fenitrothion-degrading bacterial population.
Mouse Embryo Culture for Chromosome Analysis *

Abstract Mouse embryo culture has been established and applied in the study of the causal mechanisms of abnormal development. Mouse embryo culture can be used as an experimental system to examine the influence of teratogen on early development, together with investigations using developmental engineering such as chimera, transgenic mice and nuclear transfer. We combined mouse embryo culture with embryo transfer and chromosome analysis, and studied the relationship between environmental factors (including maternal factors) and genetic predisposition in developmental abnormalities in the embryos of diabetic mice.
Molecular and Phenotypic Descriptions of Cystodermella cinnabarina from Western Himalaya: A New Genus for Pakistan

Cystodermella cinnabarina is reported here for the first time from the moist temperate forests of western Himalaya and is the first collection of a Cystodermella from Pakistan. This species is redescribed here using morphological and molecular data. The phylogenetic analysis which is based on internal transcribed spacers (ITS) showed that the Pakistani collection clustered distinctly with similar European sequences in the Cystodermella clade. The Italian and north European sequences of this species clustered in two separate subclades and the Pakistani sequences closely matched the Italian sequences. It is evident that the Pakistani population has a very close evolutionary affinity with the Italian individuals rather than those from northern Europe. The species is distributed in Europe, in North America, and now in the western Himalaya of Asia.
Malicious Word Document Detection Based on Multi-View Features Learning

As users become more cautious about executable programs, malicious document attacks have become popular, and the proportion of malicious document attacks has become higher and higher. Therefore, detecting malicious documents is one of the most important tasks in information security. Microsoft's Word Document has become one of the main ways for attackers to use. Attackers often insert VBA programs into a Word or use CVE to launch attacks. The more dangerous attack is to exploit the vulnerability of the document reader software to enable Shellcode to execute. The exploitation of vulnerability is related to the content and structure of the document. Based on the above reasons, we present a method to analyze Word documents from four independent views: VBA functional words, Ole file object formats, structure paths, and specification errors. This paper studies the features and feature extraction methods of malicious documents in these four views. Based on the features in the above four views, decision trees and random forest machine learning algorithms are used to study and classify the documents. Our classification method detected malicious Open-Xml-Document with a high average recall rate (97.38%) and a low FPR rate (0.7%). In the detection of malicious MS-DOC documents, the average recall rate is 97.9% and FPR rate is 1.4%.
How to Grow a (Product) Tree: Personalized Category Suggestions for eCommerce Type-Ahead

In an attempt to balance precision and recall in the search page, leading digital shops have been effectively nudging users into select category facets as early as in the type-ahead suggestions. In this work, we present SessionPath, a novel neural network model that improves facet suggestions on two counts: first, the model is able to leverage session embeddings to provide scalable personalization; second, SessionPath predicts facets by explicitly producing a probability distribution at each node in the taxonomy path. We benchmark SessionPath on two partnering shops against count-based and neural models, and show how business requirements and model behavior can be combined in a principled way.