Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ellipsis As Aesthetic Formal Marker of the Short Story

In the short story Das Brot, the use of ellipsis is dominant. Therefore, it is considered as formal aesthetic marker of this literary text. This paper is based on the results of the research which aimed (1) to describe the ellipsis used by the author in the short story and (2) to describe the aesthetic functions of these ellipsis. Analysis covered all syntactically incomplete sentences in the short story. Furthermore, the aesthetic functions of the ellipsis were analysed qualitatively. The research concludes that in the short story, ellipsis refer to sentences without subject and predicate; subject, predicate and predicative adjectivephrases; subject, predicate and object; object; adverbs and also sentences without main clause. The research results also show that the ellipsis in the short story have aesthetic interactive functions which relate to intersubjectivity and continuer. Moreover, it has also communicative functions, specifically expressive, assertive and directive functions. In the short story Das Brot, the use of ellipsis is dominant. Therefore, it is considered as formal aesthetic marker of this literary text. This paper is based on the results of the research which aimed (1) to describe the ellipsis used by the author in the short story and (2) to describe the aesthetic functions of these ellipsis. Analysis covered all syntactically incomplete sentences in the short story. Furthermore, the aesthetic functions of the ellipsis were analysed qualitatively. The research concludes that in the short story, ellipsis refer to sentences without subject and predicate; subject, predicate and predicative adjectivephrases; subject, predicate and object; object; adverbs and also sentences without main clause. The research results also show that the ellipsis in the short story have aesthetic interactive functions which relate to intersubjectivity and continuer. Moreover, it has also communicative functions, specifically expressive, assertive and directive functions.
GUERRERO, MEXICO ESTRUCTURA

It is known that forest ecosystems have the capacity to regenerate over time. However, the anthropogenic influence over them arises the question on how different the original ecological conditions are after regeneration. Do fires and agrochemicals have an influence on tree diversity in the study area? The structure and diversity data obtained from tree communities on four different areas were evaluated. The evaluated areas were a control area (mature forest without management) and three areas with different managements: reforested area, restored area and fumigated area. The study area was located in the Sierra de Guerrero, Mexico on areas affected by a fire that occurred in 2005. Seven years after the fire, in 2012, the investigation was performed. In each selected area a census of all tree species was carried out. The density, dominance, frequency, and importance value index were determined per species. Moreover, the diversity at community level and richness were estimated. The control area showed highest values of density and dominance. The regenerated and reforested area showed highest values of specific richness and diversity. The evaluated areas showed significant differences when comparing diversity and structure indexes. It is recommended to implement reforestation actions in areas affected by forest fires. density, dominance, mixed forest, Pinus radiata, Quercus glaucescens, species richness. Resumen Es conocido que los ecosistemas forestales tienen la capacidad de regenerarse con el tiempo. Sin embargo, la influencia antropogénica hace surgir la pregunta de qué tan diferentes son las condiciones ecológicas originales después de la regeneración. ¿El fuego y los agroquímicos tienen una influencia en la diversidad arbórea en el área de estudio? Se analizó la información de estructura y diversidad de comunidades arbóreas en cuatro áreas diferentes. Las áreas evaluadas fueron un área de control (bosque maduro sin manejo) y tres áreas con diferentes manejos: un área reforestada, una restaurada y una fumigada. El área de estudio se localizó en Sierra de Guerrero, México, en áreas afectadas por un fuego que ocurrió en 2005. La investigación fue realizada siete años después del incendio forestal durante el 2012. Se realizó un censo de todas las especies arbóreas en cada área seleccionada. Por cada especie se determinaron la densidad, frecuencia y el índice de valor de importancia. También se estimó la diversidad y riqueza de especies por cada área. El área de control mostró los valores de densidad y dominancia más altos. El área regenerada y el área reforestada mostraron los valores más altos en riqueza específica y diversidad de especies. Las áreas evaluadas presentaron diferencias significativas al comparar los índices de estructura y diversidad. Es recomendable implementar acciones de reforestación en áreas afectadas por incendios. bosque mixto, densidad, dominancia, Pinus radiata, Quercus glaucescens, riqueza de especies. Background: Question: Studied species/ Data description/ Mathematical model: Study site and years of study:
Women from the Establishment versus the “ Squad ” : Female Political Representational Styles In the U . S Congress

In 2019, a record number of women took their seats in the U.S. Congress. In addition to the increase in female participation, the members also present a wider ethnic, racial, cultural, and class diversity. In this political universe, two highly contrasting profiles stand out: on the one hand, the women of the Establishment, led by Nancy Pelosi; on the other, the challenging “Squad,” headed by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. This article contrasts both styles of political representation based on an analysis of social networks, press coverage, and legislative performance. The main result of this research is that no differences exist between the “Squad” and the women of the Establishment in terms of patterns of introducing bills, voting, and fundraising. The main divergences reside in their public discourse, the ideological platform they subscribe to, and their leadership styles.
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils of Twelve Ocimum basilicum L. Cultivars Grown in Serbia

This study evaluated the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of twelve Ocimum basilicum L. cultivars grown in Serbia. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and GC-mass spectrometry. The oil yields ranged from 0.65 to 1.90 %. A total of 75 compounds were identified as constituents of analyzed essential oils. GC/MS analyses revealed that a majority of the examined basil cultivars belonged to the "linalool chemotype". The results of the DPPH assay showed a very high antioxidant capacity of the basil oils, which was especially high for Blue Spice cultivar (IC 50 = 0.03 μg/mL). Significant antimicrobial activity was shown for all the tested oils. Essential oil of Compact cultivar was the most active against the bacterium Micrococcus flavus, with an MIC value of 0.009 μg/mL while Osmin cultivar exhibited the strongest antifungal activity with MIC values ranging from 0.08-1.07 μg/mL. All the examined essential oils showed a 10- to 100-fold greater ability to inhibit fungal growth compared to commercial antifungal agents.
On the possibility of ferromagnetism in CdO:Mn at room temperature

Nanocrystalline samples of Cd1− x Mn x O (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06) were synthesised by sol–gel method and characterised by X-ray diffraction, Faraday's rotation, Guoy's method and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at room temperature (RT). Results reveal that ferromagnetism at RT for Mn-doped CdO nanoparticles is possible.
Structural features of a clay film hybridized with a zwitterionic molecule as analyzed by second-harmonic generation behavior

Hybrid Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of a single clay layer and a donor-(π-electron system)-acceptor (Dδ-π-Aδ−) zwitterionic molecule (ind-TCNQ), prepared from 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-methyleneindoline (donor) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (acceptor) were prepared. The characteristics of the electrostatic interaction between the clay layer and the ind-TCNQ molecules were investigated. The amount of ind-TCNQ molecules spread onto the air-water interface was increased systematically so that mono- and multi-layers of the molecules could be formed on the clay layer. The hybrid LB films, which were deposited onto a solid substrate, were characterized by means of UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and optical second-harmonic generation measurement. The amount of ind-TCNQ molecules adsorbed on the clay layer increased with an increase in the amount of ind-TCNQ molecules spread onto the air-water interface. On the other hand, the SHG intensities of the films did not change with the change in amount of ind-TCNQ spread. The results indicate that the electrostatic interaction between the clay layer and the ind-TCNQ molecules operates only in the region where the ind-TCNQ molecules are in direct contact with the clay layer.
ANALYTICAL METHODS USED FOR MILK PROTEINS SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION (minireview)

Milk proteins have been studies in the last decade, but many questions concerning milk protein expression, structure and post-translationa l modification remain unexplained. In recent years, the methods used to analyze the proteins from milk are electrophoresis techniques using polyacrylamide gel s and isoelectric focusing (IEF); liquid chromatography in different systems ( ion-exange, hydrophobic inte ractin and reversed phase); immunological methods; identificat ions of proteins on the basis of UV spectra and ide ntification of proteins by mass spectrometry. In this minireview it is provide a description of t he most important methods used for milk proteins separation and identificatio n.
Manufacture of algal chemicals. II. Laboratory‐scale isolation of mannitol from brown marine algae

Methods for the isolation of mannitol from the common brown algae indigenous to Great Britain have been worked out on the laboratory scale with a view to the ultimate development of a process suitable for large-scale production. These comprise (i) solvent extraction of the dried seaweed and (ii) dilute-acid extraction of the fresh or dried seaweed, followed by evaporation of the extract to dryness and the isolation of mannitol from this extract by (a) solvent extraction (b) precipitation as a water-insoluble derivative or (c) the use of ion-exchange resins.
Reliable Technique for the Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate by Crystal Violet in Relation to the Effluents of Durg-Bhilai Region

A simple spectrophotometric method applicable to waste water bodies is developed for the determination of anionic surfactant (AS). An ion-association complex is formed between an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and a cationic dye Crystal Violet (CV). The dark blue colored complex can be easily extracted in organic solvent benzene. The absorbance of the complex in benzene layer is measured spectrophotometrically at maximum wave length (λ max) of 565 nm. Under the optimal experimental conditions, absorbance of the organic extractant obeyed Beer's law over the range of 0.75–10.00 μg mL−1 of SDS and the LOD was 0.01312 μg L−1. It is noticed that the present method is much easier, less time consuming and applicable to accelerated urbanization and industrial development found in newly formed Chhattisgarh state in Central India. The validity of the method was tested in regionalized industrial and domestic waste water runoff.
Determination of propagation rate coefficients for methyl and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate via high frequency PLP-SEC under consideration of the impact of chain branching

The radical propagation rate coefficients, kp, of methyl acrylate (MA) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) have been determined in bulk via high frequency (500 Hz) pulsed laser polymerization coupled to size exclusion chromatography (PLP−SEC) up to elevated temperatures (20 ≤ T/°C ≤ 80). Prior to the analysis of the generated polymeric material, an investigation into the branching behavior of the generated polymers has been undertaken, employing the concept of local dispersity, D(Ve). In addition, the Mark-Houwkink-Kuhn-Sakurada parameters for both poly(MA) and polyEHA were determined at each studied reaction temperature. The temperature averaged values read (K = 10.2 × 10−5 dL g−1; α = 0.741) and (K = 9.85 × 10−5 dL g−1; α = 0.719) for poly(MA) and polyEHA, respectively. The local dispersity data indicate that branching in polyEHA may be considerably more prevalent than in poly(MA), as with increasing temperature polymer microinhomogeneities are observed. Consequently, the Arrhenius parameters for kp of EHA .
Simultaneous determination of neutral and acidic pesticides in natural waters at the low nanogram per liter level

A new method for the simultaneous identification and quantification of neutral and acidic pesticides at the low nanogram per liter concentration level in natural waters is presented. It has been validated for, and applied to, three important pesticide classes, namely, the triazines (e.g., atrazine and its major metabolites desethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine), the acetamides (e.g., alachlor, metolachlor, and dimethenamid), and the phenoxy acids (e.g., 2,4-D, dichlorprop, and mecoprop). The method includes enrichment of the compounds by solid phase extraction on graphitized carbon black, followed by sequential elution of the neutral and acidic pesticides and derivatization of the latter fraction with diazomethane. Identification and quantification of the compounds is performed with GC/MS using atrazine-d5, [13C6]metolachlor, and [13C6]dichlorprop as internal standards. Absolute recoveries from Nanopure water spiked with 4−50 ng/L were 85 ± 10, 84 ± 15, and 100 ± 7% for the triazines, the acetamides, a.
A Practical Method for Rapid Microchannel Fabrication in Polydimethylsiloxane by Replica Molding without Using Silicon Photoresist

This paper describes a very simple and rapid method for fabrication of microfluidic devices on the material polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The fabrication process is greatly simplified by using a micromachined polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) master instead of using a silicon photoresist. A PDMS pre-polymer mixture was cast over the PMMA master and cured to produce positive relief structures in PDMS which then served as a mold. This PDMS mold was conveniently used for multiple production of PDMS replicas containing the desired microstructures similar to those on the surface of the original PMMA master. Because our procedure does not require a photoresist, it minimizes the requirement for special equipment and decreases the total fabrication time. Moreover, the method offers the advantage of a wide range of feature size, specifically deeper channels unobtainable with silicon photoresist. Examination of the sidewalls of the channels revealed high fidelity in reproducing the PMMA master via the hardened-PDMS mold. Our protocol enables the production of multiple PDMS-based microfluidic devices in a low-cost and efficient manner.
Low-Field NMR of Water in Model Soils

The evolution of water contained in soils is a physical phenomenon of importance in soil science and climatol- ogy. This work presents preliminary results from the use of mobile NMR to measure moisture in soil columns. To demon- strate the ability of the NMR technique to follow the drainage process of water in model soils, moisture measurements were performed at a certain depth with a mobile NMR sensor during an one-step outflow experiment. The NMR sensor exhibits a cylindrical geometry incorporating the principle of the u-shaped NMR-MOUSE. It could be raised and lowered inside a plastic tube in the soil column similar to a wire-line logging tool. Working with a frequency of 8.8 MHz, the sen- sitive volume lies 3 mm deep into the soil and 2 mm away from the tube walls, making the technique truly non-invasive. For the purpose of quantitative analysis, the temporal evolution of moisture (described by the Richards Equation) was modelled with the Hydrus1D Program. Out of these simulations, an assessment of the hydraulic parameters (Ks, ￻ , n of the Van Genuchten model) of the soil was achieved.
Low molecular weight water-soluble chitosans: Preparation with the aid of cellulase, characterization, and solubility

Preparation of water-soluble chitosan (WSC) was made by treating partially N-deacetylated chitosan with acetic anhydride in aqueous acetic acid. The optimal conditions of preparing WSC were determined on the basis of orthogonal tests. Low molecular weight WSC with broad molecular weight (600–1.5 kDa) were obtained by the depolymerization of WSC using cellulase at optimum condition of pH 4.5 and 60°C. The solubility of WSC in water and aqueous organic solvents was investigated in detail. Weight–average molecular weight (Mw) and molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of samples were measured by gel permeation chromatography. The structure of WSC and its degraded products were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and MALDI-TOF MS. The decrease of molecular weight led to transformation of crystal structure and the increase of solubility, but the chemical structures of residues were not modified compared to WSC, which was not hydrolyzed. The solubility of the WSC in water and aqueous organic solvents increased with the decrease of molecular weight. The solubility of the WSC with low molecular weight was rather high even in aqueous dimethylacetamide and dimethylsulfoxide. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1098–1105, 2006
Thermally stable phosphorus and nickel modified ZSM-5 zeolites for catalytic co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastics

A series of phosphorus (P) and phosphorus/nickel (P/Ni) modified ZSM-5 zeolites were prepared by impregnation of a conventional ZSM-5 zeolite with P and subsequent Ni. The conventional, P-, and P/Ni-modified ZSM-5 zeolites were then tested as the catalysts for petrochemical production from co-feed catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of pine wood and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mixtures. Results showed that the yield of valuable petrochemicals (olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons) from co-feed CFP increased from 42.9 C% for conventional ZSM-5 to 52.8–54.1 C% for P- and P/Ni-modified ZSM-5, while the yields of low-value alkanes and undesired char/coke decreased from 17.3 C% and 22.6 C% to 9.6–10.2 C% and 18.9–15.7 C%, respectively. ZSM-5 impregnation with P and P/Ni thus significantly improved the product distribution in co-feed CFP of biomass and LDPE. In addition, modification with P and P/Ni improved considerably the hydrothermal stability of zeolites to resist steam-induced catalyst deactivation that may occur in co-feed CFP. When the conventional ZSM-5 zeolite was pretreated with 100% steam at 550 °C for 3–9 h, it produced 26.7–32.1% lower aromatic yields than untreated ZSM-5 in co-feed CFP. In contrast, steam pretreatment did not considerably affect the activity of P- and P/Ni-ZSM-5 zeolites for aromatic production. They maintained comparable aromatic yields in co-feed CFP when they had been steam pretreated for up to 9 h. These results indicate that ZSM-5 modification with P and P/Ni may provide a viable way to improve the catalyst's activity and life time for petrochemical production from co-feed CFP of biomass and plastics.
A Chemically Accurate Implicit-Solvent Coarse-Grained Model for Polystyrenesulfonate Solutions

A systematic molecular coarse-graining (CG) approach for aqueous polyelectrolyte solutions is presented with sodium polystyrenesulfonate (NaPSS) with different chain tacticities as example systems. The styrenesulfonate repeat unit is mapped on a three-site CG representation with the counterion being modeled explicitly while the solvent is modeled implicitly. The CG force field discriminates between bonded and nonbonded forces, which have been developed independently. The bonded interactions correspond to the potentials of mean force of CG bond, angle, and torsion degrees of freedom obtained from sampling isolated chains with an atomistic force field that includes only the local interactions along the chain. The nonbonded interactions correspond to bead–bead potentials of mean force, obtained from simulations of small molecule or ion pairs in explicit water. The CG model reproduces the local and global conformations of polyelectrolyte chains in good agreement with the parent atomistic chains in aqueous sol.
Synthesis and thermal stability of sodium, magnesium co-substituted hydroxyapatites

Sodium and magnesium co-substituted hydroxyapatite (Hap) and β-tricalcium phosphate mixtures were prepared through an aqueous precipitation method. Characterization results from XRD, FT-IR and thermal analysis have indicated the influence of additives (Na and Mg) on the thermal stability of the apatites. The elemental analyses have also confirmed the presence of Na+ and Mg2+ ions in the apatite structure. Calculated lattice parameters for the combined substitution of elements on the apatite structure were found to have contraction of the a-axis and expansion of the c-axis as well as of the unit cell volume with respect to that of pure Hap.
Surface Wave Propagation at Ferroelectric/MTMS Interface

The combined effect of metamaterials (MTMs) and nonlinear ferroelectric layers in guiding electromagnetic wave has been studied. The dispersion relation for the electromagnetic surface wave (EMSW) which is TE mode of propagation has been derived and numerically solved. Moreover, the power for the propagating wave at the interface has been presented. The effect of the nonlinear term is explicitly studied. Results show that EMSW depends on the nonlinear term.
Continuous protein recovery with a liquid–solid circulating fluidized‐bed ion exchanger

A liquid-solid circulating fluidized-bed (LSCFB) ion-exchange system was developed for continuous protein recovery. It contains a downcomer for protein adsorption and a riser for protein desorption, with ion-exchange particles circulating continuously between the two columns. Effects of the operating conditions on the hydrodynamics and the continuous ion exchange of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the system were investigated. Under typical operating conditions, up to 98% BSA was adsorbed in the downcomer (showing a very high efficiency of protein removal from the feed), and an overall protein recovery of up to 84% was obtained in the LSCFB system, indicating that the LSCFB system was a very promising strategy for the continuous recovery of proteins.
Tomato Flavor and Aroma Quality as Affected by Storage Temperature

Studies were conducted to describe flavor and aroma in ripe tomatoes stored at 5, 10, 12.5 and 20 °C. Fruit stored for 2 d below 20 °C were rated by trained sensory panelists as significantly lower (P < 0.05) in ripe aroma, tomato flavor, compared to those stored at 20 °C. Fruit stored at 5 °C for 4 d were rated significantly lower in ripe aroma, sweetness, tomato flavor, and significantly higher in sourness, compared to those stored at 20 °C. Following 8 and 12 d storage, fruit at 5 °C were rated lowest in ripe aroma and sweetness. Significant reductions in important GC aroma volatiles and chemical composition and electronic nose analyses concurred with sensory