Consequences of employment self–etching primer adhesive in orthodontic practice

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the shear bonding strength of stainless steel brackets bonded with self– etching primer adhesive system (Transbond TM 3M Uniteck, Monrovia, California, USA), compared with same system which employ 35% phosphoric acid gel, sepa-rated primer and adhesive. Also to assess and compare clinically the brackets bond-ing failure rate after using the 2 different techniques in orthodontic patients and to examine bracket / adhesive failure mode by using modified adhesive remnant index (MARI). Fifty six extracted human premo-lars used in the laboratory part, they were divided into 2 groups (I and II), each one subdivided into upper first and second, lower first and second premolars; 7 for each subgroup. In the first group bonding was carried out by using the conventional technique (phosphoric acid / adhesive) wh-ile in the second one, the self–etching pri-mer was used. In the clinical part 15 pat-ients with upper and lower fixed applian-ces (central, lateral incisors, canines and premolars) with 13– 16 years old. The fol-low up period extended into 12–15 mon-ths. The statistical analyses in the laboratory (in vitro) part reported significantly lower but acceptable shear bond strength (8.69 and 8.42 MPa) for the upper first and second premolars, and 8.13 and 8.99 MPa for lower first and second premolars in comparison with the conventional groups (11.61 and 11.63 MPa) for upper first and second premolars, and 11.48 and 11.59 MPa for the lower first and second premolars as t–values were significant (2.69, 3.05 for the upper first and second premolars; 2.68, 2.45 for the lower first and second premolars) at p < 0.05 between study groups, but in the clinical trial no signiةصلاخلا ا دددد ىاادددد ر اذدددد ذ اةدددد ناادددديى رذ ىاإ ددددها هذدددده ا ددي ىا دد ن ااددا ذوق ىاةى بددص ىاصادداانيبددب ااددص ى ا دق ىا د ىذاقصلا ىامىذخني بايذخ ىا ي ىاحطي ا ددددق ىا دددد ىذابددددا اقددددصلا ى ا بدددد الا ددددعق ىامذددددحلإ ا ددد ا دددق ىاةدددبعاذدددقنوق ىابدددا لامبددد ىاادددع قعقب اذدد ذ اةدد ناادديى رذ ىا هذدده ا ب بددياقددصلا ىاصدد هافددس اةددد بق ىا ددديااةدددبعا دددأ ا ددد اةى بدددص ىا اانددداح ااددع قعق ا ددق ىا دد ىذاقددصلا ىامىذخنددي بااددع قعق اايى رذ ىا هامذِخُدنيىا يد انعلاىاقصلا ىامىذخني بامب ا اا ببنخق ى 65 ا لاصانع قع اة نا دَقِّدسُدقا ي 82 ا اصك اصي دصلا ىاةد ىاادع قعقب امذِخُددنيىا ادع قع ااد بط باق ا دددق ىا دد ىذاقدددصلا ىااددا ا ىاادددع قعقب اادديد انعلاى ايب بدس ىال دع ىا دها ه دي 56 ا ا د اةد ب اصد ا بد اصادددداا هر ددددقعاا ددددح ى ب ا ددددي ى 51 ا – ا 55 ا اندددداحاا ددددي اادددوب ن ا بدددنعبااابعدددس ى ااددد بو ىاادددنا ا ىا ددد ة ىا وَددد ِ اص اةبقنيى 58 ا – ا 56 ا ا ى ب ش ا خق ىال دع ىا هاجئ ن ىاةر شااذ اند ب ىاصد ايبدبن اقدصلا ىا ذخنديىا دن ىااع قعقب ااص ىا ىا ااة ن اصدد اصددك ا ائ ددأحىاصددقاااددقاقاةىذا دد ا ددق ىا دد ىذ ارىذدددددددد قي ا ددددددددا ى ار ىاصا ددددددددبو ىاصاوح ددددددددض ى 2 58 ا 2 . 8 ا ار ىاصاابعدددس ىاصاوح دددضب ا ددد ار ودددي ب وا لا دددددددا ى 2 51 ا 2 88 ا الددددددد ااددددددد ر ق با ر ودددددددي ب وا ىااددددع قعق ى اندددداحاادددديد انعلاىاادددد بط ىا ذخندددديىا ددددن ا ادددد ىا دددد ك 55 55 ا 55 51 ا ا حى ددددضب ار وددددي ب وا اادددا ا ى اةددد ىااددد بو ى 55 . 2 ا 5568 ا ار ودددي ب وا لا اددددقا ااندددداحا اددددا ا ى اةدددد ىاةبعددددس ىا حى ددددضب t ا ا ك 8 58 ا 1 . 6 ا اةد ىااد بو ىا حى دض ىاصد اصدك اادددددددا ا ى 8 52 ا 8 . 6 ا ىااابعدددددددس ىا حى دددددددضب اةددددددد اا د و ام دنس اذ عااا ا ى 6 ن ب ىالا عق ا% ا Consequences of employment self–etching primer adhesive in orthodontic practice 1217 – 1812 ISSN: