Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Significant Performance and Stability Improvements of Low-Temperature IGZO TFTs by the Formation of In-F Nanoparticles on an SiO2 Buffer Layer

We report the performance improvement of low-temperature coplanar indium–gallium–zinc–oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with a maximum process temperature of 230 °C. We treated F plasma on the surface of an SiO2 buffer layer before depositing the IGZO semiconductor by reactive sputtering. The field-effect mobility increases from 3.8 to 9.0 cm2 V−1·s−1, and the threshold voltage shift (ΔVth) under positive-bias temperature stress decreases from 3.2 to 0.2 V by F-plasma exposure. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography analysis reveal that indium fluoride (In-F) nanoparticles are formed at the IGZO/buffer layer interface. This increases the density of the IGZO and improves the TFT performance as well as its bias stability. The results can be applied to the manufacturing of low-temperature coplanar oxide TFTs for oxide electronics, including information displays.
Toxicity of Necrostatin-1 in Parkinson’s Disease Models

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. This neuronal loss, inherent to age, is related to exposure to environmental toxins and/or a genetic predisposition. PD-induced cell death has been studied thoroughly, but its characterization remains elusive. To date, several types of cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy-induced cell death, and necrosis, have been implicated in PD progression. In this study, we evaluated necroptosis, which is a programmed type of necrosis, in primary fibroblasts from PD patients with and without the G2019S leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutation and in rotenone-treated cells (SH-SY5Y and fibroblasts). The results showed that programmed necrosis was not activated in the cells of PD patients, but it was activated in cells exposed to rotenone. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), an inhibitor of the necroptosis pathway, prevented rotenone-induced necroptosis in PD models. However, Nec-1 affected mitochondrial morphology and failed to protect mitochondria against rotenone toxicity. Therefore, despite the inhibition of rotenone-mediated necroptosis, PD models were susceptible to the effects of both Nec-1 and rotenone.
Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Sustained Release Profile of Resveratrol-Loaded Silica Aerogel

Silica aerogel, a kind of nanoporous material, is regarded as a desired drug carrier for its low toxicity, high specific surface area, and excellent biocompatibility. Using silica aerogel in a drug carrier may be an appropriate method to improve the performance of pure resveratrol. In this study, resveratrol-loaded silica aerogel (RSA) as a drug delivery system was prepared by the sol-gel method. Before gelling, resveratrol was added into the hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) ethanol solution then dispersed by stir and ultrasound. The results showed that RSA has a high loading rate of 19% with low cost and excellent biocompatibility. The SEM images showed that silica aerogel wraps up outside the resveratrol. Sustained releasing effect could be observed in RSA after 1 h, while pure resveratrol did not display this. The release of RSA lasted for over 6 h, and the release amount reached over 90% and 80% in either simulated gastric fluid (pH = 2.0) or phosphate-buffered saline (pH = 7.4) at 37 °C. Preliminary in vitro toxicity test revealed RSA to be biocompatible and stable; and when coupled with the anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol, showed good potential for osteoarthritis treatment.
GPU-Accelerated Generation of the Molecular Surface

A variety of visualisation methods have been developed for displaying molecular structures. The solvent-excluded surface (SES) or molecular surface is one of the most popular and useful depictions as it helps to identify binding-site cavities. The molecular surface is particularly useful therefore for interactive molecular docking tools. Docking tools that incorporate molecular ﬂexibility bring new challenges as the molecular surface must be recomputed in real time as the molecule changes shape in interaction with a ligand. Here we compute the SES by using a GPU-accelerated Marching Cubes algorithm which promises to lead to real-time surface generation for small-to medium-sized biomolecules undergoing conformational change.
Configuration Finder: A Tidy Visual Interface for Effective Faceted Search

We present an interactive visualization aiding users in making informed decisions about large product data sets consisting of quantitative and categorical attributes. Our approach tries to overcome common problems between parallel attribute axes, for instance limited horizontal space or clutter, by introducing novel visual concepts such as proxy axes, fusion axes, and hybrids of set-based and individual axis connections. A proxy axis represents a group of semantically related attributes, which can be interactively explored and seamlessly integrated into the display. Fusion axes allow users to reduce the number of axes by merging categorical+categorical or categorical+quantitative attribute axes. Set-based or individual connections between axis pairs are chosen according to the involved attribute types. The pilot study and expert reviews showed that these novel concepts are understood, considered to be very useful and favored over up-to-date webshop interfaces.
A Review of Players’ Characterization and Game Performance on Male Rink-Hockey

The aim of this study was to review the evolutionary tendencies of research regarding to the study of male Rink-Hockey players´ and game performance. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases according to PRISMA method. The initial search identified 815 titles, resulting in 19 articles being included within the review. Original papers (English language) contained relevant data regarding rink hockey players’ performance or morphological/physiological demands, anthropometry/body composition characteristics were eligible. Studies were classified into categories: (1) Physiological Demands, (2) Anthropometry and Body Composition, (3) Game Characterization/Patterns, (4) Injuries. Results indicated that Rink hockey requires high intensity effort which demands both short and long duration efforts requirements from players. Body composition analysis shows to be an important monitoring tool which complements the understanding of the athlete’s cardiac adaptation. Game patterns shows a combination of specific game momentums with different outcomes according to the game zone. The intense short-term movements, collision and contact between players, in addition to the weight and speed of the hard ball and the stick, can considerably increase the risk of moderate and severe injuries. Lack of literature in Rink-Hockey is remarkable, and research is mainly focused on children and adolescents’ players. Furthermore, the existing research with adult elite athletes was assessed with a small sample size.
Blood Flow Measurements Enable Optimization of Light Delivery for Personalized Photodynamic Therapy

Fluence rate is an effector of photodynamic therapy (PDT) outcome. Lower light fluence rates can conserve tumor perfusion during some illumination protocols for PDT, but then treatment times are proportionally longer to deliver equivalent fluence. Likewise, higher fluence rates can shorten treatment time but may compromise treatment efficacy by inducing blood flow stasis during illumination. We developed blood-flow-informed PDT (BFI-PDT) to balance these effects. BFI-PDT uses real-time noninvasive monitoring of tumor blood flow to inform selection of irradiance, i.e., incident fluence rate, on the treated surface. BFI-PDT thus aims to conserve tumor perfusion during PDT while minimizing treatment time. Pre-clinical studies in murine tumors of radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF) and a mesothelioma cell line (AB12) show that BFI-PDT preserves tumor blood flow during illumination better than standard PDT with continuous light delivery at high irradiance. Compared to standard high irradiance PDT, BFI-PDT maintains better tumor oxygenation during illumination and increases direct tumor cell kill in a manner consistent with known oxygen dependencies in PDT-mediated cytotoxicity. BFI-PDT promotes vascular shutdown after PDT, thereby depriving remaining tumor cells of oxygen and nutrients. Collectively, these benefits of BFI-PDT produce a significantly better therapeutic outcome than standard high irradiance PDT. Moreover, BFI-PDT requires ~40% less time on average to achieve outcomes that are modestly better than those with standard low irradiance treatment. This contribution introduces BFI-PDT as a platform for personalized light delivery in PDT, documents the design of a clinically-relevant instrument, and establishes the benefits of BFI-PDT with respect to treatment outcome and duration.
Characterizing Exploratory Behaviors on a Personal Visualization Interface Using Interaction Logs

Personal visualizations present a separate class of visualizations where users interact with their own data to draw inferences about themselves. In this paper, we study how a realistic understanding of personal visualizations can be gained from analyzing user interactions. We designed an interface presenting visualizations of the personal data gathered in a prior study and logged interactions from 369 participants as they each explored their own data. We found that the participants spent different amounts of time in exploring their data and used a variety of physical devices which could have affected their engagement with the visualizations. Our findings also suggest that the participants made more comparisons between their data instances than with the provided baselines and certain interface design choices, such as the ordering of options, influenced their exploratory behaviors.
Assessment of the Extent of Resection in Surgery of High-Grade Glioma—Evaluation of Black Blood Sequences for Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla

Achieving an optimal extent of resection (EOR) whilst keeping lasting neurological decline to a minimum is paramount for modern neurosurgery in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG). To improve EOR assessment, this study introduces Black Blood (BB) imaging, which uses a selective saturation pulse to suppress the blood signal, to 3-Tesla intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI). Seventy-three patients (56.4 ± 13.9 years, 64.4% male) with contrast-enhancing HGGs underwent iMRI, including contrast-enhanced (CE) and non-CE 3D turbo field-echo imaging (TFE; acquisition time: 4:20 min per sequence) and CE and non-CE 3D BB imaging (acquisition time: 1:36 min per sequence). Two readers (R1 and R2) retrospectively evaluated the EOR and diagnostic confidence (1—very inconfident to 5—very confident) as well as the delineation of tumor boarders and spread of contrast-enhancing tumor components (in case of contrast-enhancing tumor residuals). Furthermore, the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was measured for contrast-enhancing tumor residuals. Both BB and conventional TFE imaging allowed for the correct detection of all contrast-enhancing tumor residuals intraoperatively (considering postsurgical MRI and histopathological evaluation as the ground truth for determination of the lack/presence of contrast-enhancing tumor residuals), but BB imaging showed significantly higher diagnostic confidence (R1: 4.65 ± 0.53 vs. 3.88 ± 1.02, p < 0.0001; R2: 4.75 ± 0.50 vs. 4.25 ± 0.81, p < 0.0001). Delineation of contrast-enhancing tumor residuals and detection of their spread into adjacent brain parenchyma was better for BB imaging. Accordingly, significantly higher CNRs were noted for BB imaging (48.1 ± 32.1 vs. 24.4 ± 15.3, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, BB imaging is not inferior to conventional TFE imaging for EOR assessment, but may significantly reduce scanning time for iMRI whilst increasing diagnostic confidence. Furthermore, given the better depiction of contrast-enhancing tumor residual spread and borders, BB imaging could support achieving complete macroscopic resection in patients suffering from HGG, which is clinically relevant as an optimal EOR is correlated to prolonged survival.
Perspective: Ferromagnetic Liquids

Mechanical jamming of nanoparticles at liquid–liquid interfaces has evolved into a versatile approach to structure liquids with solid-state properties. Ferromagnetic liquids obtain their physical and magnetic properties, including a remanent magnetization that distinguishes them from ferrofluids, from the jamming of magnetic nanoparticles assembled at the interface between two distinct liquids to minimize surface tension. This perspective provides an overview of recent progress and discusses future directions, challenges and potential applications of jamming magnetic nanoparticles with regard to 3D nano-magnetism. We address the formation and characterization of curved magnetic geometries, and spin frustration between dipole-coupled nanostructures, and advance our understanding of particle jamming at liquid–liquid interfaces.
Growth of mycotal species on the eggs of Cyprinus carpio in limnologically and trophically different water bodies

The study investigated the growth of hydromycoflora on the eggs of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in five water bodies of different eutrophication levels. Thirty-three (33) species of mycotal organisms, including 28 species belonging to Peronosporomycota, 2 to anamorphic fungi and 1 each to Ascomycota, Blastocladiomycota and Zygomycota were identified on the eggs. The water from River Biala and Pond Fosa, which are more biogenic, had the largest number of mycotal species (20 and 19, respectively) on the eggs of common carp. The smallest number of those species was found on the eggs of common carp in water from Spring Cypisek, Pond Komosa and River Suprasl, which are low in biogenes (12, 11 and 11, respectively). Achlya diffusa, Aphanomyces laevis, Saprolegnia ferax, Saprolegnia parasitica and Pythium ultimum belong to the species that were most frequently found on C. carpio eggs. The following rare mycotal species were also found: Allomyces arbuscula, Aphanomyces frigidophilus, Candida albicans, Fusarium aquaeductum, F. culmorum and Zoopage phanera. Amino acid, carbohydrate and urease tests were used. Of the C. carpio eggs that were investigated, 12.7% were found to be infected with mycotal species. Key words: Cyprinus carpio, common carp, eggs, mycotal species, infections, hydrochemistry.
Oxidation-Induced Detachment of Ruthenoarene Units and Oxygen Insertion in Bis-Pd(II) Hexaphyrin π-Ruthenium Complexes

Two types of new bis-Pd(II) hexaphyrin π-ruthenium complexes are reported. A double-decker bis-Pd(II) hexaphyrin π-ruthenium complex 4 was obtained by oxidation-induced detachment of a ruthenoarene unit from the triple-decker complex 3 and oxygen-inserted triple-decker bis-Pd(II) hexaphyrin π-ruthenium complex 6 was obtained upon treatment of bis-Pd(II) [26]hexaphyrin 5 with [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 under aerobic conditions. Although π-metal complexation of porphyrinoids often results in decreased global aromaticity due to the enhancement of local 6π aromatic segments, distinct aromatic characters were indicated for 4 and 6 by 1H-NMR spectral and theoretical calculations. These results are accounted for in terms of possible resonance contributors of hexaphyrin di- and tetraanion ligands. Thus, π-metal coordination has been shown to be effective for modulation of the overall aromaticity.
A Tool to Help lay out Multiple View Visualisations Guided by View Analysis

In this paper, we present ‘Layouts for Multiple View’ (LMV), a tool that helps users build, control and save multiple view visualisations simply and easily using a bespoke grammar. The tool incorporates template multiple view layout strategies as quantiﬁed from prior research on view analysis, and the user can build different layouts by deﬁning the grammar, or through the linked visual interface. LMV saves the multiple view layout as a JSON ﬁle, including all the details of the layout and attributes of the visualisation, which can be subsequently loaded and adapted or used to create dashboards. LMV guides the user to (i) design and control the multiple view layout, (ii) add data and allocate a speciﬁc visualisation technique for each view, and (iii) to adapt speciﬁc appearance properties of the layout.
Can fermentation-derived propionic acid spare glucogenic amino acids in domestic cats?

s presented at international conferences Rochus K, Janssens GPJ, Cools A et al. (2013) Dietary propionylated starch provides the liver with propionic acid as a gluconeogenic substrate in the domestic cat. In: Proceedings of the 17 th European Society of Veterinary and Comparative Nutrition (ESVCN) congress, p. 56. September 19 th -21 st 2013, Ghent, Belgium. Quist-Rybachuk G, Rochus K, Hesta M (2013) Nutritional treatment of gastrointestinal dysmotility in canine patients. In: Proceedings of the 17 th ESVCN congress, p. 97. September 19 th -21 st 2013, Ghent, Belgium. Rochus K, Janssens GPJ, Cools A et al. (2013) Can dietary propionylated starch provide the liver with propionic acid as a gluconeogenic substrate in the domestic cat? In: Proceedings of the 38 th Animal Nutrition Research (ANR) Forum, pp. 38. May 21 st 2013, Roeselare, Belgium. Rochus K, Quist-Rybachuk G, Defauw P et al. (2012) Idiopathic hypercalcemia in cats: a case report. In: Proceedings of the 16 th ESVCN congress, pp. 128. September 13 th -15 th 2012, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Verbrugghe A, Janssens GPJ, Rochus K et al. (2012) B-1,3/1,6-glucans down-regulate whole blood NFκB and IL-1β mRNA expression and alveolar bone loss in feline periodontal disease. In: Proceedings of the 16 th ESVCN congress, p. 52. September 13 th -15 th 2012, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Rochus K, Janssens GPJ, Van de Velde H et al. (2012) Highly viscous guar gum shifts dietary amino acids from metabolic use to fermentation substrate in domestic cats. In: Proceedings of the 37 th ANR Forum, pp. 79. April 18 th 2012, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Rochus K, Janssens GPJ , Van de Velde H et al. (2011) Effect of guar gum on in vivo fermentation kinetics and end product profile in cats. Proceedings of the 15 th ESVCN congress, pp. 64. September 14 th -16 th 2011, Zaragoza, Spain. Rochus K, Janssens GPJ, Bosch G et al. (2010) In vitro evaluation of fibre and protein fermentation substrates in cats. In: Proceedings of the WALTHAM International Nutritional Sciences Symposium, p. 64 [PC Calder, editor] Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Encounters with oxygen : Aerobic physiology and HO production of Lactobacillus johnsonii

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Efficiency of live trapping protocols to assess small mammal diversity in tropical rainforests of Sri Lanka

Live trapping is used extensively for small mammal studies in both temperate and tropical ecosystems. The effectiveness of such studies is dependent on several factors. This paper attempts to investigate how one of these factors, namely the trapping intensity, affects the assessment of species richness and abundance of small mammals in rainforest ecosystems in southwest Sri Lanka. Eight-day live trapping surveys were conducted in seven selected forests yielding a total of 5600 trap days with a total of 186 individuals belonging to nine species being captured. It was evident that, using 100 traps with a trap density of 140 traps per ha, over 90% of the species recorded from each of the seven forests were captured within the initial four days of live trapping after which the rate of capture of new species sharply declined. The results also show that the more common species were captured sooner than the more rare ones. Considering these trends, a four-day trapping protocol could be recommended to broadly compare small mammal communities between forests or habitat types. The number of individuals captured, on the other hand, probably attracted by the bait, increased as trapping progressed; this very likely leads to overestimation of species abundance. Since such projects in developing countries are subject to budgetary constraints, costs incurred are also addressed.
Streamlining Photogrammetry Reconstructions of Bone Fragments for Bioarchaeological Analysis, Conservation, and Public Engagement

We present a streamlined workflow for the 3D reconstruction of skeletal fragments, suitable for bioarchaeological analysis as well as public engagement and based on practices and applications from the feature film visual effects industry. Using a lowcost single-camera photogrammetry rig for close range photogrammetry and processing the results using standard 3D asset creation software from the visual effects industry, the resulting 3D models achieve a resolution that is sufficient for the clear representation of bone elements and any gross changes affecting them, such as severe trauma.
EXPLOITATION OF EXOTIC AND INDIGENOUS MUNGBEAN GERMPLASM FOR IMPROVING SEED YIELD AND DISEASE RESISTANCE

Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is an important short duration kharif pulse crop in Pakistan. To enhance genetic variability for large seed size, hybridization between exotic and indigenous germplasm was initiated at Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad in 1980 to improve the yield potential. F1 were irradiated and top crosses were also made. The improvement programme has culminated in the development of large seeded varieties with high yield potential i.e., NM-51, NM-54, NM-92 and NM-98. A new high yielding, having large seed size and disease resistance mungbean variety i.e., NIAB MUNG 2006 has been approved during 2006 by the Punjab Seed Council for general cultivation in the irrigated tract of the Punjab province. Due to high yield potential, short duration and disease resistance, these varieties were adopted at a faster rate and are grown on 90% of mungbean acreage in the country thus curtailing mungbean import and enhancing mungbean production in the country. The achievements of mungbean improvement programme are discussed.
Genetic Variation and Biodiversity of Paeonia lactiflora China as Determined by Analysis of ISSR Using Phylogenetic Trees and Split Networks

Paeonia lactiflora, an important material of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is widely cultivated in China, but its population genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship remain to be determined. In this paper, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were used to estimate the genetic variation and biodiversity within and among 24 populations of Paeonia lactiflora in four different provinces across China. Nine UBC primers producing highly polymorphic DNA fragments were selected. Seventy-two discernible DNA fragments were generated of which 71 (98.61%) were polymorphic, indicating substantial genetic diversity at species levels. The genetic diversity measured by the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) at population levels ranged from 2.78% to 63.89%. Both programs POPGENE32 and SplitsTree4 were applied to analyze genetic distances among the populations, respectively. We constructed an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) dendrogram using POPGENE32, and a neighbor-joining (NJ) tree and a split network by SplitsTree4. The differences between them were expounded and compared. More complex phylogenetic relationships among populations were discovered and elucidated. Analyses based on the split network were more precise and comprehensive, providing a series of novel conclusions, which may help to standardize and optimize the growth of Paeonia lactiflora.