Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-transcriptional regulation of the DNA damage-inducible gadd 45 gene in human breast carcinoma cells exposed to a novel retinoid CD 437

The biologically active synthetic retinoid CD437 (6-[3adamantyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-naphthalene, AHPN) and different human breast carcinoma (HBC) cell lines were used to examine the possible mechanism(s) of gadd45 induction. Northern blot analysis of mRNA isolated from MCF-7, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 HBC cell lines demonstrated a progressive increase in the 1.4 kb gadd45 transcript after exposure to 1 μM CD437. Western blot analysis showed increased gadd45 protein levels in MDA-MB-468 HBC cells following exposure to CD437. CD437 increased gadd45 mRNA levels by ~20-fold in MDA-MB-468 cells, however, the transcriptional activity was increased ~2–3fold as demonstrated by the human gadd45 promoter–luciferase reporter construct and nuclear run-off assays. Sublines of MDA-MB-468 HBC cells expressing stably integrated GADD45 cDNA fragments were obtained and CD437-dependent induction of GADD45 analyzed. We report that ~300 nt located in the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of gadd45 mRNA are involved in the CD437-dependent 4-fold enhanced stability of gadd45 transcripts. MDA-MB-468 cells were stably transfected with either a plasmid having a CMV promoter-driven rabbit β-globin gene or plasmids having a CMV promoter-driven chimeric gadd45 5'-UTR–rabbit β-globin gene, where the entire gadd45 5'-UTR (from +1 to +298) or a 45 bp subfragment of the gadd45 5'-UTR (from +10 to +55) was positioned at the 5'-end of the rabbit β-globin gene. CD437 was found to up-regulate expression of both the chimeric gadd45 –rabbit β-globin transcripts, suggesting that cis element(s) involved in the CD437-dependent enhanced stability of gadd45 mRNA are contained in the 45 nt of the 5'-UTR of the gadd45 mRNA.
Micropropagation of Thalictrum dalzellii Hook. Through Rhizome Buds

An efficient micropropagation protocol was developed for Thalictrum dalzellii an endemic, endangered plant by using rhizome buds as explants. Â In vitro germinated rhizome buds were used for the induction of multiple shoots on MS medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ), benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Kinetin (KN). The presence of TDZ promoted a higher rate of shoot multiplication than BAP and KN. The maximum number of shoot multiplication was observed in TDZ at a concentration 0.5 mg l -1 . Â Shoot elongation was obtained when the culture transferred to MS basal medium. Â The maximum percentage of rooting was obtained in half strength MS medium with 0.5 mg l -1 IBA. Â Plantlets were successfully acclimatized under green house condition. Â The acclimatized plantlets were morphologically similar to wild plants.
International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium Japanese Beef Policy and GATT Negotiations : An Analysis of Reducing Assistance to Beef Producers * by

The IATRC Working Paper series provides members an opportunity to circulate their work at the advanced draft stage through limited distribution within the research and analysis community. The IATRC takes no political positions or responsibility for the accuracy of the data or validity of the conclusions presented by working paper authors. Further, policy recommendations and opinions expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect those of the IATRC.
The complete chloroplast genome of the southern Chinese pine Pinus tabuliformis (Pinales: Pinaceae)

Abstract The complete nucleotide sequence of Pinus tabuliformis chloroplast genome (cpDNA) was carried out using Illumina Hiseq 2500. The genome is 119 646 bp in length, and the overall base composition of H-strand is 30.6% for A, 19.3% for C, 19.2% for G and 30.9% for T. There are 116 genes in the cpDNA, including 74 protein-coding genes, four ribosomal RNA genes (four rRNA species), and 36 transfer RNA genes (20 tRNA species). Phylogenetic analyses of P. tabuliformis and other 12 species belonging to Pinales were carried out using MEGA 6.0 with Neighbor-Joining methods. The sequences of P. tabuliformis were clustered in subfamily Pinaceae.
Learning to Classify Texture Objects by Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Texture is an important visual attribute used to describe images. There are many methods available for texture analysis. However, most of these methods are object to variant rotation and changing scale of the images. Hence, this study presents a novel approach for texture analysis. The approach applies the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm in learning the texture filters for texture classifications. In this approach, the texture filter is regarded as the particle; the population of particle is iteratively evaluated according to a statistical performance index corresponding to object classification ability and evolves into the optimal filter using the evolution principles of Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm. The method has been validated on aerial images and results indicate that proposed method is feasible for texture analysis.
Virtual reality system based on Kinect for the elderly in fall prevention.

BACKGROUND Daily life movements require balance ability. Good balance control is closely related to body stability and its development. Therefore, balance training is necessary for any age group. OBJECTIVE This study proposes the combination of Kinect and virtual reality to build an information platform of interactive scenarios, for practice and evaluation of balance ability. Real-time monitoring of SpO_2, pulse rate, velocity and reaction time during the training process is presented for the training activities of elderly physical function. METHODS Based on the indicators of balance ability, this information platform sets out various training activities to improve balance ability, making the supposedly tedious process fun and vivid and leading to much better training results. RESULTS The data (SpO_2, pulse rate, velocity, reaction time) collected from this platform can be sorted and analysed, and the results used to evaluate the performance of balance training, and referenced for follow-up planning in the future. The real-time pulse rate and SpO_2 measurement information indicating the training activities for the elderly to maintain physical function has a positive significance. A noninvasive and unconstrained real-time method to detect the pulse rate and SpO_2 during exercises is presented. The results of balance assessment scale testing of BBS and TUG for the experimental group show that effective balance really improved. The difference between the experimental group and the control group was achieved by using paired t-test. The data were analysed by the descriptive statistics on significant level of P < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS From the training results of the participants, we know that the information platform developed for enhancing balance ability is in line with practical needs. Furthermore, the fun and interesting game-like exercises it introduces are very helpful in improving balance ability, and certainly in preventing falls.
Scientific research on the risk of the sexual transmission of HIV infection and on HIV as a chronic manageable infection

As set out in the previous section, Canadian courts have yet to clarify the legal meaning of the central element of assault-based HIV non-disclosure offences, namely “significant risk. ” The inconsistency in the interpretation and application of the “significant risk” test is attributable in part to the complex and rapidly evolving nature of scientific research on HIV sexual transmission risks. Counsel and courts have struggled to adequately take into account this science. They have not firmly established the role that scientific knowledge regarding HIV transmission should play in the interpretation of the significant risk test or in the application of that test to the evidence in the particular circumstances of a case.
The First Extensive Case-study on the Effects of Artificial Mycorrhization of Acer buergerianum Miq. in Hungary

Owing to the increasing environmental pollution and disturbances, afforestation of our cities has become an outlined objective by today. So as to elaborate liveable environments, the most important mission of breeders, gardeners and landscape architectures is to find such plant species and cultivars, which can tolerate urban conditions. Earlier, certain tree species later special cultivars of them were found to tolerate these environments, yet nowadays no such species or cultivars can be found that fulfil all requirements of urban afforestation. In this study, we examine the possibility of the application of artificial mycorrhizae with such purposes with a presumably appropriate species, Acer buergerianum (trident maple). Although Acer species are planted in parks rather than into tree lines, Acer buergerianum is one of the most popular trees in alleys of Eastern Asian cities. It is also included in the Urban Green Project 2021, while in Hungary it is only found as a solitaire species, mainly in botanical gardens. Owing to its good tolerance and high decorative value, it may play a potential role in future Hungarian urban afforestation. In our study, the effect of mycorrhizal products available in Hungary and different inoculation methods were tested on 120 trident maple specimens. Level of mycorrhization and phenological features indicating the growth intensity (thickness and height of the new shoots) were evaluated during the vegetative period.
MAXIMUM FEATURE VALUE SELECTION OF NONLINEAR FUNCTION BASED ON KERNEL PCA FOR FACE RECOGNITION

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the holistic methods that successfully used for pattern recognition. Yet, it has its weak point on nonlinear data. Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) can be used to classify nonlinear data. It is PCA method but the input space is mapped into feature space. In this research, the mapping is using three nonlinear functions, i.e. Polynomial, Radial Basis Function and Tangent Hyperbolic. The function mapping will become the feature space candidate. For each feature space candidate, the maximum value is chosen and it will become the maximal feature space for a new dimension. Then, based on the feature space will be determined principal component using PCA. The principal component is used as the image evaluation using Euclidian Distance. The object of this research is the labeled ORL and YALE face databases. For the ORL face database, the data samples are trained for 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 for every person in the training phase. The recognition rate on each data samples are 97.5%, 99.375%, 100%, 100% and 100%. Whereas for the YALE face database, the data samples are trained for 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 for each person. The recognition rate on each data sample are 94.444%, 97.333%, 98.333%, 100%, 100% and 100%. The experiment result shows that Maximum Feature Value Selection of Nonlinear Function based on KPCA has higher recognition rate than Markov Random Field.
Analysis on Korean Economy with an Estimated DSGE Model after 2000.

This paper attempts to search the driving forces of the Korean economy after 2000 by analyzing an estimated DSGE model and observing the degree of implementation regarding non-systematic parts of both the monetary and fiscal policy during the global financial crisis. Two types of trends, various cyclical factors and frictions are introduced in the model for an empirical analysis in which historical decompositions of key macro variables are quantitatively assessed after 2000. While the monetary policy during the global financial crisis have reacted systematically in accordance with the estimated Taylor rule relatively, the fiscal policy which was aggressively expansionary is not fully explained by the estimated fiscal rule but more by the large magnitude of non-systematic reaction.
Spaniards in the wider World

This paper examines the relationship between the education level of Spanish emigrants and their country of destination. Since Spanish emigrants were born under the same laws, economic conditions, and institutions, the differences in their destination countries can be due to dissimilarities in their level of education. To explore this, we use census microdata covering the period from 2000 to 2007, of 21 countries that receive Spanish emigrants. Results suggest that more educated Spanish emigrants are more likely to live in more remote countries, with lower unemployment rates, and where the official language is English.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Tlacuatzin canescens (Grayish Mouse Opossum)

Abstract In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of the Grayish Mouse Opossumm, Tlacuatzin canescens. The mitochondrial genome is 16 460 bp in length and has a base composition of A (35.7%), T (31.3%), C (21.3%), and G (11.7%), demonstrating an obvious bias of high AT content (67%). The mitochondrial genome contains a typically conserved structure, encoding 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 20 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), and a control region (D-loop region). Except for ND6 gene, all other PCGs were located on the H-strand. ND4 gene and ND4L gene were overlapped by 4 bp, and ATP8 gene and ATP6 gene were overlapped by 45 bp. The nucleotide sequence of 13 PCGs of T. canescens and other 30 Didelphimorphia species were used for phylogenetic analysis. The result indicated T. canescens a relative close relationship with species Monodelphis domestica.
Using NDVI and guided sampling to develop yield prediction maps of processing tomato crop

The use of yield prediction maps is an important tool for the delineation of within-field management zones. Vegetation indices based on crop reflectance are of potential use in the attainment of this objective. There are different types of vegetation indices based on crop reflectance, the most commonly used of which is the NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index). NDVI values are reported to have good correlation with several vegetation parameters including the ability to predict yield. The field research was conducted in two commercial farms of processing tomato crop, Cantillana and Enviciados. An NDVI prediction map developed through ordinary kriging technique was used for guided sampling of processing tomato yield. Yield was studied and related with NDVI, and finally a prediction map of crop yield for the entire plot was generated using two geostatistical methodologies (ordinary and regression kriging). Finally, a comparison was made between the yield obtained at validation points and the yield values according to the prediction maps. The most precise yield maps were obtained with the regression kriging methodology with RRMSE values of 14% and 17% in Cantillana and Enviciados, respectively, using the NDVI as predictor. The coefficient of correlation between NDVI and yield was correlated in the point samples taken in the two locations, with values of 0.71 and 0.67 in Cantillana and Enviciados, respectively. The results suggest that the use of a massive sampling parameter such as NDVI is a good indicator of the distribution of within-field yield variation.
Distributive Politics in Developing Federal Democracies: Compensating Governors for Their Territorial Support

Abstract Using original data from the period 1999–2011 on federal infrastructure investment for all subnational units in two federations, Argentina and Brazil, and a unitary nation, Colombia, this study shows that in developing federal countries with strong governors, presidents use nonearmarked transfers as a tool to compensate governors for sizable and secure territorial political support. The study argues that in these cases, resources do not make electoral power but chase it. In the unitary case, conversely, governors do not influence distributive politics. Variation also was found in the relevance of Congress, legislative overrepresentation, and programmatic criteria across cases. The article discusses possible reasons for these results and their implications for the comparative debate on distributive politics.
A Smoothing Newton Method for Solving Absolute Value Equations

In this paper, we reformulate the system of absolute value equations as afamily of parameterized smooth equations and propose a smoothing Newton method tosolve this class of problems. we prove that the method is globally and locally quadraticallyconvergent under suitable assumptions. The preliminary numerical results demonstratethat the method is effective.
Merced Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society Title

While the ubiquity and importance of nonliteral language are clear, people’s ability to use and understand it remains a mystery. Metaphor in particular has been studied extensively across many disciplines in cognitive science. One approach focuses on the pragmatic principles that listeners utilize to infer meaning from metaphorical utterances. While this approach has generated a number of insights about how people understand metaphor, to our knowledge there is no formal model showing that effects in metaphor understanding can arise from basic principles of communication. Building upon recent advances in formal models of pragmatics, we describe a computational model that uses pragmatic reasoning to interpret metaphorical utterances. We conduct behavioral experiments to evaluate the model’s performance and show that our model produces metaphorical interpretations that closely fit behavioral data. We discuss implications of the model for metaphor understanding, principles of communication, and formal models of language understanding.
Thermodynamics of hydronium and hydroxide surface solvation.

The concentration of hydronium and hydroxide at the water–air interface has been debated for a long time. Recent evidence from a range of experiments and theoretical calculations strongly suggests the water surface to be somewhat acidic. Using novel polarizable models we have performed potential of mean force calculations of a hydronium ion, a hydroxide ion and a water molecule in a water droplet and a water slab and we were able to rationalize that hydronium, but not hydroxide, is slightly enriched at the surface for two reasons. First, because the hydrogen bond acceptance capacity of hydronium is weaker than water and it is more favorable to have the hydronium oxygen on the surface. Second, hydroxide ions are expelled from the surface of the droplets, due to the entropy being lower when a hydroxide ion is hydrated on the surface. As a result, the water dissociation constant pKw increases slightly near the surface. The results are corroborated by calculations of surface tension of NaOH solutions that are in reasonable agreement with the experiment. The structural and thermodynamic interpretation of hydronium and hydroxide hydration provided by these calculations opens the route to a better understanding of atmospheric and surface chemistry.
Model driven security for process-oriented systems

Model Driven Architecture is an approach to increasing the quality of complex software systems based on creating high-level system models and automatically generating system architectures from the models. We show how this paradigm can be specialized to what we call Model Driven Security. In our specialization, a designer builds a system model along with security requirements, and automatically generates from this a complete, configured security infrastructure.We propose a modular approach to constructing modeling languages supporting this process, which combines languages for modeling system design with languages for modeling security. We present an application to constructing systems from process models, where we combine a UML-based process design language with a security modeling language for formalizing access control requirements. From models in the combined language, we automatically generate security architectures for distributed applications.
Exploring the Reading Practices of Undergraduate Students

ABSTRACT Research in higher education has revealed that only a small proportion of students complete assigned reading during semester. The current studies examined students’ reading practices, and sought to explore potential factors underlying these practices. Three studies were conducted. Study 1 utilised a questionnaire to examine how long students spend reading academic material. Students reported spending an average of 14.1 hours per week reading a range of sources, including textbooks and journal articles for both guided and independent reading. The number of hours spent reading was lower than university expectations. Study 2 involved conducting focus groups to explore potential factors underlying students’ reading practices. Six main themes emerged in the data; Expectations, Perceived benefits, Course structure, Lack of time, Practicalities, and Confidence. Study 3 further examined students’ perceptions of a lack of time and a lack of confidence with reading using a diary exercise and a further questionnaire. The diary exercise revealed that students spent an average of 6.5 hours per day engaged in academic activities. In addition, students were generally confident with reading, although more so with reading textbooks than journal articles. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for staff teaching in higher education.
Analysis of CO2 leakage through ‘low-permeability’ faults from natural reservoirs in the Colorado Plateau, east-central Utah

Abstract The numerous CO2 reservoirs in the Colorado Plateau region of the United States are natural analogues for potential geological CO2 sequestration repositories. To understand better the risk of leakage from reservoirs used for long-term underground CO2 storage, we examine evidence for CO2 migration along two normal faults that cut a reservoir in east-central Utah. CO2-charged springs, geysers, and a hydrocarbon seep are localized along these faults. These include natural springs that have been active for long periods of time, and springs that were induced by recent drilling. The CO2-charged spring waters have deposited travertine mounds and carbonate veins. The faults cut siltstones, shales, and sandstones and the fault rocks are fine-grained, clay-rich gouge, generally thought to be barriers to fluid flow. The geological and geochemical data are consistent with these faults being conduits for CO2 moving to the surface. Consequently, the injection of CO2 into faulted geological reservoirs, including faults with clay gouge, must be carefully designed and monitored to avoid slow seepage or fast rupture to the biosphere.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND ANTICATARACT ACTIVITY OF CYPERUS ROTUNDUS AND CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBUS

In this study, the ethanolic extracts of rhizome of Cyperus rotundus and fruits of Cyamopsis tetragonolobus were prepared by successive extraction procedure and subsequently both the extracts were evaluated for its phytoconstituents. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of phenol, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and phlobatannins in both the extracts. Saponin was present only in C. rotundus and cardiac glycoside was present in C. tetragonolobus alone. The extracts were evaluated for its in vitro antioxidant property by 1, 1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, sodium nitroprusside generated nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion free radical scavenging methods. The reducing power of the extract was determined by potassium ferricyanide. The anticataract potential of both extracts in glucose-induced cataractogenesis in vitro was studied using lens from Lutjanus campechanus. The lens was subjected to estimation of biochemical parameters and antioxidant enzymes. A rise in malondialdehyde and hydroperoxide was observed in cataract-induced lens as compared to control lens. Decrease in protein, glutathione and vitamin C level was noted in cataractous lens. A significant restoration in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity was found in the lenses treated with extracts. Both the extracts prevent or delay cataract development by virtue of its antioxidant properties. C. rotundus was found to be more effective in preventing cataract and it may be due to its higher phenol and flavonoid content.