Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Question Answering Using Syntax-Based Concept Nodes

This paper presents a syntax-based formalism for representing atomic propositions extracted from textual documents. A method is described for constructing a network of concept nodes for indexing such logical forms based on the discourse entities they contain. The decomposition of meaningful questions into Boolean combinations of question patterns using the same formalism is presented, in which free variables represent the desired answers. A method is described for using this formalism for robust question answering using the concept network and WordNet synonym, hypernym, and antonym relationships. Finally, the encouraging performance of an implementation of this formalism against the factoid questions from the 2005 Text Retrieval Conference, which operated upon the AQUAINT document corpus, is discussed.
Pairwise Kernels, Support Vector Machines, and the Application to Large Scale Problems

Support Vector Machines have been applied to multiclass problems in several ways. Here, the task of predicting whether the examples u; v of a pair (u; v) belong to the same class or to different classes is considered. This task can be tackled by means of kernels that take two pairs of examples as arguments. The article provides a systematic treatment of such pairwise kernels. This enables applications with large numbers of examples and classes and an increased classification performance. Moreover, we present a new methodology for parameter tuning. The strength of these contributions is confirmed by excellent results on the labeled faces in the wild benchmark.
Differential influences of prism adaptation on reflexive and voluntary covert attention

Recent research has demonstrated some beneficial effects in patients with neglect using rightward shifting prismatic lenses. Despite a great deal of research exploring this effect, we know very little about the cognitive mechanisms underlying prism adaptation in neglect. We examined the possibility that prism adaptation influences visual attention by having healthy participants complete either a reflexive or a voluntary covert visual attention cuing paradigm before and after adaptation to leftward, rightward, or sham (no shift) prisms. The results for reflexive orienting demonstrated that a subset of participants with large cuing effects before prism adaptation were faster to reorient attention away from an invalid cue on the side of space opposite the prismatic shift post adaptation. For voluntary orienting, left prisms increased the efficiency of voluntary attention in both left and right visual space in participants with a small cuing effect before prism adaptation. In contrast, right prisms decreased the efficiency of voluntary attention in both left and right space for participants with a large cuing effect before prism adaptation. No significant effects were observed in the sham prism groups. These results suggest that prism adaptation may exert a variety of influences on attentional orienting mechanisms. (JINS, 2006, 12, 337–349.)
Wideband circularly-polarized patch antenna

In this paper, a novel wideband circularly-polarized patch antenna is presented. The patch antenna is excited by a broadband feed network having a 10-dB return loss bandwidth of 86% and a consistent 90/spl deg/ (/spl plusmn/ 3/spl deg/) phase difference between two output ports over a wideband of 76%. It is found that the antenna can deliver a measured impedance bandwidth of 79.4% for SWR < 2, 2-dB and 3-dB axial-ratio simulated bandwidths of 56% and 63.8%, respectively, and the simulated bandwidth of 59.3% for the gain > 3dBi.
Cell Wall Metabolism in Ripening Fruit (VII. Biologically Active Pectin Oligomers in Ripening Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Fruits)

A water-soluble, ethanol-insoluble extract of autolytically inactive tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) pericarp tissue contains a series of galacturonic acid-containing (pectic) oligosaccharides that will elicit a transient increase in ethylene biosynthesis when applied to pericarp discs cut from mature green fruit. The concentration of these oligosaccharides in extracts (2.2 [mu]g/g fresh weight) is in excess of that required to promote ethylene synthesis. Oligomers in extracts of ripening fruits were partially purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, and their compositions are described. Pectins were extracted from cell walls prepared from mature green fruit using chelator and Na2CO3 solutions. These pectins are not active in eliciting ethylene synthesis. However, treatment of the Na2CO3-soluble, but not the chelator-soluble, pectin with pure tomato polygalacturonase 1 generates oligomers that are similar to those extracted from ripening fruit (according to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis) and are active as elicitors. The possibility that pectin-derived oligomers are endogenous regulators of ripening is discussed.
Insulin Therapy and its Shortcomings – the Need for New Approaches

After its discovery in 1921, insulin rapidly became established as a treatment for insulin‐requiring diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and late‐stage Type 2), providing effective symptom control and significant reductions in diabetes‐associated mortality. However, within 30 years of insulin’s discovery, physicians were faced with a new challenge – the treatment of the long‐term complications of chronic hyperglycaemia. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial provided clear evidence of the benefits of improved glycaemic control, but also highlighted the difficulties, such as an increased risk of hypoglycaemia, of attempting to achieve this using insulin as the only pharmacological agent. We now know that the pancreatic islet hormone, amylin, is also deficient in patients with Type 1 and late‐stage Type 2 diabetes. It is possible that parallel replacement of both amylin and insulin may improve glycaemic control more smoothly in patients with diabetes, with less risk of hypoglycaemia, while still reducing the long‐term sequelae of chronic hyperglycaemia. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of weaning time on growth performance and rumendevelopment of Hu lambs

This experiment was determined the effect of weaning time on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and microbial bacterial community of lambs. Forty eight Hu lambs were randomly divided into 4 treatments. Control lambs were ewe-reared (ER), while others were weaned at d 10, 20, or 30 after birth (EW10, EW20 and EW30) and fed milk replacer artificially until d 60. All lambs had ad libitum access to same creep feed from d 15 to 90. Results showed that average daily gain, creep feed intake, final body weight, hot carcass and rumen weight of EW10, EW20 and EW30 were greater (P 0.05). The predominated rumen bacterial composition in phyla level had no difference, but the minor phyla present, Proteobacteria, had difference. These results demonstrated that weaning time could improve the growth performance and rumen weight and slightly affect rumen fermentation. Weaning at d 10 was recommended to farmer to maintain prior rumen development and performance in lambs.
The Prevalence of Major Psychiatric Pathologies in Patients with Voice Disorders

We conducted a study of 47 patients with various voice disorders to determine the prevalence of concomitant psychopathology. The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms varied considerably among patients with the three most common voice disorders: 63.6% among patients with vocal fold paralysis, 29.4% among those with functional dysphonia, and 7.1% among those with spasmodic dysphonia. Levels of anxiety and depression correlated moderately with the severity of voice symptoms in patients with vocal fold paralysis, but not in those with functional or spasmodic dysphonia. Certain abnormal personality traits—including interpersonal sensitivity and distrust of others—were more common among patients with functional dysphonia. The low rate of psychopathology among patients with spasmodic dysphonia is consistent with rates reported in previous investigations. Our findings suggest that the prevalence of psychopathology in patients with voice disorders varies according to the specific voice diagnosis, as does the relationship between specific psychiatric and voice symptoms.
A digitally calibrated 14-bit linear 100-MS/s pipelined ADC with wideband sampling frontend

A 14-bit 100-MS/s pipelined ADC in 0.18 µm 1P6M CMOS process is presented. A new sampling technique is introduced which achieves high linearity over wide bandwidth by eliminating the major sources of distortion at low and high input frequencies. The ADC uses digital background calibration, featuring a shuffled-dithering scheme, to obtain a DNL of +0.18/−0.18 LSB and an INL of +1.1/−0.6 LSB. It achieves over 85dB SFDR and 65dB SNDR within the first Nyquist zone, maintains over 74 dB SFDR and 63 dB SNDR for input signals up to 400 MHz and consumes 220 mW at 1.8 V supply.
Manual de investigación cualitativa

El "Manual de investigacion cualitativa" constituye un acontecimiento editorial en el ambito de las Ciencias Humanas avalado por su gran exito internacional. El presente volumen, "El campo de la investigacion cualitativa", despliega un mapa completo de esta tecnica, su tradicion univesitaria, los problemas eticos de su trabajo de campo, su vertiente critica de analisis de la (in)justicia social, la investigacion de los nativos y su resistencia a la dominacion neocolonial. Plan de la obra "Manual de investigacion cualitativa". Vol. I. El campo de la investigacion cualitatvia -- Vol. II. Paradigmas y perspectivas en disputa -- Vol. III. Estrategias de investigacion cualitativa -- Vol. IV. Metodos de reseleccion y analisis de datos -- Vol. V. El arte y la practica de la interpretacion, la evaluacion y la presentacion.
A micropower precision single-supply instrumentation amplifier

Conventional 2- and 3-opamp instrumentation amplifier (IA) structures are not able to function with close to the supply rail input common-mode voltage even using rail-to-rail opamps, due to the saturation of the intermediate opamps. To avoid this problem, the emitter followers that level shift the input voltage are used in a 2-opamp structure. Such an IA is operable with common-mode input voltage V/sub cm/ close to the negative rail if V/sub ref/<(V/sub sh/+V/sub cm/)R2/R1, where V/sub ref/is the reference voltage, V/sub sh/is the input level-shift voltage, assuming opamps with rail-to-rail output. Matching of the input voltage shifters and stability of the shift voltage versus input voltage are the key elements of the overall IA accuracy. Emitter followers with feedback loops for the stabilization of collector-emitter voltage are used as level shifters.
Solubilization of the Epstein-Barr virus-determined nuclear antigen and its characterization as a DNA-binding protein

The Eptstein-Barr virus (EBV)-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA) was solubilized from isolate nuclei of two EBV-transformed cell lines- Raji and AW-Ramos, by high-salt treatment. Its DNA-binding properties were studied by DNA-cellulose chromatography and a 51Cr release complement fixation assay. EBNA binds to both double-stranded and single-stranded calf thymus DNA, showing a higher affinity to double-stranded DNA. There was no detectable difference in the DNA binding of EBNA prepared from Raji and AW-Ramos cells.
Stacked partial least squares regression for image classification

In recent years, the researches based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) have been doing in computer vision after the success in ILSVRC 2012. Hierarchical feature extraction is one of the reasons why CNN gives the state-of-the-art performance. On the other hand, Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression which has been widely used in chemo-metrics is also used in computer vision in recent years. If class labels are used as objective variables for PLS, PLS can extract features suitable for classification. In this paper, we combine the idea of hierarchical feature extraction of CNN with feature extraction suitable for classification by PLS and propose a new method called Stacked PLS. It extracts features hierarchically in reference to CNN using PLS. The proposed method is evaluated on the MNIST dataset. Our method gave higher performance than CNN with the same network architecture and is comparable to the state-of-the-art methods.
Work interruptions and their contribution to medication administration errors: an evidence review.

BACKGROUND In many surveys, nurses cite work interruptions as a significant contributor to medication administration errors. OBJECTIVES To review the evidence on (1) nurses' interruption rates, (2) characteristics of such work interruptions, and (3) contribution of work interruptions to medication administration errors. APPROACH SEARCH STRATEGY CINHAL (1982-2008), MEDLINE (1980-2008), EMBASE (1980-2008), and PSYCINFO (1980-2008) were searched using a combination of keywords and reference lists. SELECTION CRITERIA Original studies published in English using nurses as participants and for which work interruption frequencies are reported. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Studies were identified and selected by two reviewers. Once selected, a single reviewer extracted data and assessed quality based on established criteria. Data on nurses' work interruption rates were synthesized to produce a pooled estimate. RESULTS Twenty-three studies were considered for analysis. A rate of 6.7 work interruptions per hour was obtained, based on 14 studies that reported both an observation time and work interruption frequency. Work interruptions are mostly initiated by nurses themselves through face-to-face interactions and are of short duration. A lower proportion of interruptions resulted from work system failures such as missing medication. One nonexperimental study documented the contribution of work interruptions to medication administration errors with evidence of a significant association (p = 0.01) when errors related to time of administration are excluded from the analysis. Conceptual shortcomings were noted in a majority of reviewed studies, which included the absence of theoretical underpinnings and a diversity of definitions of work interruptions. CONCLUSIONS Future studies should demonstrate improved methodological rigor through a precise definition of work interruptions and reliability reporting to document work interruption characteristics and their potential contribution to medication administration errors, considering the limited evidence found. Meanwhile, efforts should be made to reduce the number of work interruptions experienced by nurses.
Coordination of day-ahead scheduling with a stochastic weekly unit commitment for the efficient scheduling of slow-start thermal units

This paper addresses the problem of the coordination of the day-ahead scheduling with a stochastic weekly unit commitment for the efficient scheduling of slow-start thermal units. The solution of the 24-hour unit commitment may lead to cases, in which slow-start thermal units that are initially offline cannot be scheduled efficiently, due to their long start-up and minimum-up times as well as their large start-up costs. Thus, a new method is proposed, in which the day-ahead scheduling is coordinated with the solution of a weekly unit commitment. The latter is formulated and solved as a two-stage stochastic mixed-integer linear program, under various system and unit operating constraints, according to the provisions of the Greek Grid and Exchange Code. The stochastic parameter of the weekly unit commitment is the unit availability; thus, possible unit outages during the optimization period are taken into account. Test results from the implementation of the proposed method on the medium-scale Greek electricity market are presented.
Video stabilization technique for thermal infrared Aerial surveillance

Video taken from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) frequently suffers by unwanted motion of the sensors, which severely affects the performance of automatic target detection and tracking systems. In this paper we present a new video stabilization algorithm for thermal infrared videos captured by UAV to remove unwanted motions and produce stabilized video frames. Initially, we use Scale Invariant Feature transform (SIFT) for key point detection and matching between successive frames. Then, affine transformation model is used to estimate the global motion parameters between two successive frames. After that, the undesired motions are compensated and spatio-temporal filtering is used to remove the noises in the video. Finally, all frames are transformed to obtain stabilized video frames. Experimental result shows the efficiency of proposed algorithm in terms of quantitative and qualitative aspects.
An improved plaque assay for poor plaque‐producing temperate lactococcal bacteriophages

This report summarizes the results from an effort to optimize the double‐agar plate assay for visualization of the plaques made by six temperate bacteriophages induced from industrial strains of Lactococcus lactis. Among the several parameters found to influence the plaque assay, the effect of incorporating glycine into the growth medium was most striking, resulting in extensive increase in the plaque size of all of the 13 phage–host pairs tested. Notable effects on the plaque size of other factors such as the procedure for sterilization of the agar medium, the volume and softness of the top and bottom layers, and the number and growth stage of the bacterial cells added to the lawn, were also observed. By exploiting these findings in an optimized procedure for plaque assaying, several indicator strains were identified which were unable to support the development of plaques on standard double‐agar plates. Since bacterial hosts usually are identified by their ability to support the development of plaques, this observation suggests that the severe difficulty experienced in identifying lactococcal starter strains that are sensitive towards a temperate phage, partly is a problem of methodology.
Evaluation of the Check-Points Check MDR CT103 and CT103 XL Microarray Kits by Use of Preparatory Rapid Cell Lysis

ABSTRACT Using a rapid bacterial lysis method, the Check MDR CT103 and CT103 XL microarrays demonstrated accuracies of 98.1% and 94.2%, respectively, for detection of known resistance genes in 108 multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. In 45 isolates, 49 previously unrecognized extended-spectrum β-lactamase or plasmid AmpC targets were detected and confirmed by conventional PCR.
Bit error rate of binary and quaternary DPSK signals with multiple differential feedback detection

A differentially coherent detection scheme with improved bit error rate (BER) performance is presented for differentially encoded binary and quaternary phase shift keying (PSK) modulation. The improvement is based on using L symbol detectors with delays of 1, 2, . , L symbol periods and on feeding back detected PSK symbols. Exact formulas for the bit error probability are derived for the case that correct symbols are fed back. The effect of symbol errors in the feedback path on the BER is determined by computer simulations. >
Metabolic syndrome status changes with fitness level change: a retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness level is inversely related to the incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This study examined the effects of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness level on MetS status. METHODS Male and female participants in a health enhancement program (n = 212) were clinically examined for changes in their MetS status and estimated aerobic capacity over a 3-year period. Two physical examinations, each including a maximal treadmill stress test, occurred within this time frame. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 103) was composed of individuals who presented with MetS at exam 1 and reversed their MetS disease status by exam 2; Group 2 (n = 75) members presented with MetS at both exams; and Group 3 (n = 34) individuals were MetS-free at exam 1 but acquired MetS by exam 2. The relationships between MetS clinical characteristics at exam 1 and exam 2 and changes in graded exercise test (GXT) duration were contrasted for the three groups. RESULTS GXT duration, estimated aerobic capacity (VO(2) max), and MetS characteristics improved significantly in Group 1 (P < 0.01). Group 2 individuals also increased GXT duration (P < 0.05) but showed only nonsignificant improvements (P > 0.05) in clinical characteristics. Group 3 members declined in most MetS characteristics and in estimated VO(2) max (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Increases in GXT duration accompanied MetS reversal while declines in GXT duration occurred with MetS acquisition. On an individual basis, these changes in GXT duration may be an indicator of disease status.
Recognition of spatial motifs in protein structures.

As the structural database continues to expand, new methods are required to analyse and compare protein structures. Whereas the recognition, comparison, and classification of folds is now more or less a solved problem, tools for the study of constellations of small numbers of residues are few and far between. In this paper, two programs are described for the analysis of spatial motifs in protein structures. The first, SPASM, can be used to find the occurrence of a motif consisting of arbitrary main-chain and/or side-chains in a database of protein structures. The program also has a unique capability to carry out "fuzzy pattern matching" with relaxed requirements on the types of some or all of the matching residues. The second program, RIGOR, scans a single protein structure for the occurrence of any of a set of pre-defined motifs from a database. In one application, spatial motif recognition combined with profile analysis enabled the assignment of the structural and functional class of an uncharacterised hypothetical protein in the sequence database. In another application, the occurrence of short left-handed helical segments in protein structures was investigated, and such segments were found to be fairly common. Potential applications of the techniques presented here lie in the analysis of (newly determined) structures, in comparative structural analysis, in the design and engineering of novel functional sites, and in the prediction of structure and function of uncharacterised proteins.
Problem‐solving test: Transport of a viral protein in a cell‐free system

Terms to be familiar with before you start to solve the test: protein glycosylation, glycoprotein, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, mannose, oligosaccharide, free polysomes, cell fractionation, [35S]methionine; pulse labeling; nuclear fraction, mitochondrial fraction, microsomal fraction, cytosol, gel electrophoresis, autoradiography, trypsin, deoxycholate, detergent, sucrose density gradient, isopycnic gradient centrifugation © 2014 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 42(2):174–177, 2014