Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sparsity-promoting recovery from simultaneous data: a compressive sensing approach

Summary Seismic data acquisition forms one of the main bottlenecks in seismic imaging and inversion. The high cost of acquisition work and collection of massive data volumes compel the adoption of simultaneous-source seismic data acquisition - an emerging technology that is developing rapidly, stimulating both geophysical research and commercial efforts. Aimed at improving the performance of marine- and land-acquisition crews, simultaneous acquisition calls for development of a new set of design principles and post-processing tools. Leveraging developments from the field of compressive sensing the focus here is on simultaneous-acquisition design and sequential-source data recovery. Apart from proper compressive sensing sampling schemes, the recovery from simultaneous simulations depends on a sparsifying transform that compresses seismic data, is fast, and reasonably incoherent with the compressive-sampling matrix. Using the curvelet transform, in which seismic data can be represented parsimoniously, the recovery of the sequential-source data volumes is achieved using the sparsity-promoting program — SPGL1, a solver based on projected spectral gradients. The main outcome of this approach is a new technology where acquisition related costs are no longer determined by the stringent Nyquist sampling criteria.
Optimized LCL filter Design Method of Utility Interactive Inverter

The conventional LCL filter design method of the utility interactive inverter considers only harmonics attenuation of the current injected to the grid. However, in case of utility-interactive inverter with critical load the voltage quality of the critical load should also be considered for LCL filter design. Also, considering cost and volume of LCL filters. it is important to have minimum values of inductance and capacitance as far as the harmonic standards are satisfied. In this paper a LCL filter design method is proposed to satisfy not only the harmonic standards of the grid current during the grid-connected mode but the voltage quality of the critical load during grid-connected mode and stand-alone mode. With the proposed method optimized values of LCL filters could be obtained by applying weighting factor to voltage ripple across the critical load, inductor volume, amount of reactive current and system bandwidth.
Design Guidelines for Spillway Gates

This article discusses the most common types of spillway gates including radial gates, vertical lift gates, and flap gates including inflatable gates, and their application. Design considerations for each type are explained. Design and application considerations for different types of spillway gate operators are also included. Items covered for gates include gate geometry, gate proportions, location of gate hoists, location of gate trunnions, trunnion anchorage arrangements, gate seals and sealing arrangements, use of dogging devices, wave deflectors, flow splitters, corrosion protection including use of cathodic protection, and ice problems associated with spillway gates. Items covered for hoists include selection criteria for hydraulic and mechanical hoists, functional requirements of the hoists, use and type of position indicators, normal speed of opening and closing, use of automatic controls, the need for maximizing the minimum opening, and automatic stopping of the gates at set intervals to prevent unintentional spilling. Permissible leakage rate through the gates is also included.
Performance Evaluation of Digital Image Processing by Using Scilab

Scilab is an open-source, cross-platform computational environment software available for academic and research purposes as a free of charge alternative to the matured computational copyrighted software such as MATLAB. One of important library available for Scilab is image processing toolbox dedicated solely for image and video processing. There are three major toolboxes for this purpose: Scilab image processing toolbox (SIP), Scilab image and video processing toolbox (SIVP) and recently image processing design toolbox (IPD). The target discussion in this paper is SIVP due to its vast use out there and its capability to handle streaming video file as well (note that IPD also supports video processing). Highlight on the difference between SIVP and IPD will also be discussed. From testing, it is found that in term of looping test, Octave and FreeMat are faster than Scilab. However, when converting RGB image to grayscale image, Scilab outperform Octave and FreeMat.
MagIC v5.10: a two-dimensional message-passing interface (MPI) distribution for pseudo-spectral magnetohydrodynamics simulations in spherical geometry

Abstract. We discuss two parallelization schemes for MagIC, an open-source, high-performance, pseudo-spectral code for the numerical solution of the magnetohydrodynamics equations in a rotating spherical shell. MagIC calculates the non-linear terms on a numerical grid in spherical coordinates, while the time step updates are performed on radial grid points with a spherical harmonic representation of the lateral directions. Several transforms are required to switch between the different representations. The established hybrid parallelization of MagIC uses message-passing interface (MPI) distribution in radius and relies on existing fast spherical transforms using OpenMP. Our new two-dimensional MPI decomposition implementation also distributes the latitudes or the azimuthal wavenumbers across the available MPI tasks and compute cores. We discuss several non-trivial algorithmic optimizations and the different data distribution layouts employed by our scheme. In particular, the two-dimensional distribution data layout yields a code that strongly scales well beyond the limit of the current one-dimensional distribution. We also show that the two-dimensional distribution implementation, although not yet fully optimized, can already be faster than the existing finely optimized hybrid parallelization when using many thousands of CPU cores. Our analysis indicates that the two-dimensional distribution variant can be further optimized to also surpass the performance of the one-dimensional distribution for a few thousand cores.
Supervised Learning for Arrival Time Estimations in Restaurant Meal Delivery

Restaurant meal delivery companies have begun to provide customers with meal arrival time estimations to inform the customers’ selection. Accurate estimations increase customer experience, whereas inaccurate estimations may lead to dissatisfaction. Estimating arrival times is a challenging prediction problem because of uncertainty in both delivery and meal preparation process. To account for both processes, we present an offline and online-offline estimation approaches. Our offline method uses supervised learning to map state features directly to expected arrival times. Our online-offline method pairs online simulations with an offline approximation of the delivery vehicles’ routing policy, again achieved via supervised learning. Our computational study shows that both methods perform comparably to a full near-optimal online simulation at a fraction of the computational time. We present an extensive analysis on how arrival time estimation changes the experience for customers, restaurants, and the platform. Our results indicate that accurate arrival times not only raise service perception but also improve the overall delivery system by guiding customer selections, effectively resulting in faster delivery and fresher food.
Association of Air Pollution and Physical Activity With Brain Volumes

Background and Objectives In high-pollution areas, physical activity may have a paradoxical effect on brain health by increasing particulate deposition in the lungs. We examined whether physical activity modifies associations of air pollution (AP) with brain volumes in an epidemiologic framework. Methods The UK Biobank enrolled >500,000 adult participants from 2006 to 2010. Wrist accelerometers, multimodal MRI with T1 images and T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery data, and land use regression were used to estimate vigorous physical activity (VigPA), structural brain volumes, and AP, respectively, in subsets of the full sample. We evaluated associations among AP interquartile ranges, VigPA, and brain structure volumes and assessed interactions between AP and VigPA. Results Eight thousand six hundred participants were included, with an average age of 55.55 (SD 7.46) years. After correction for multiple testing, in overall models, VigPA was positively associated with gray matter volume (GMV) and negatively associated with white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), while NO2, PM2.5absorbance, and PM2.5 were negatively associated with GMV. NO2 and PM2.5absorbance interacted with VigPA on WMHV (false discovery rate–corrected interaction p = 0.037). Associations between these air pollutants and WMHVs were stronger among participants with high VigPA. Similarly, VigPA was negatively associated with WMHV for those in areas of low NO2 and PM2.5absorbance but was null among those living in areas of high NO2 and PM2.5absorbance. Discussion Physical activity is associated with beneficial brain outcomes, while AP is associated with detrimental brain outcomes. VigPA may exacerbate associations of AP with white matter hyperintensity lesions, and AP may attenuate the beneficial associations of physical activity with these lesions.
Quality management initiatives in Europe: An empirical analysis according to their structural elements

In recent years, managers have opted for implementing quality management (QM) in their firms. The market offers different alternatives for QM implementation, such as the EFQM model, ISO standards, the Malcolm Baldrige model or the recent Six Sigma methodology. The difficulty in implementation of each initiative varies from case to case. In this article we propose a criterion for choosing among four alternatives (quality control, EFQM, Six Sigma and ISO 9000), according to the degree of development required for the elements that structure the alternatives. To do so, using an ANOVA analysis and mean comparison t-tests, we analyse 234 organisations in Europe that have implemented the four alternatives mentioned and observe the degree of development of nine of the elements that compose them. From the research, one can conclude that quality control is the simplest initiative, followed by ISO 9000 and, finally, the EFQM model and Six Sigma methodology.
Domain analysis: a systems approach to software reuse

A process for a systems approach to domain analysis that forms the foundation for a reuse-directed developments process is presented. A domain analysis is the systems engineering of a family of systems in an application domain. The end goal of a domain analysis is to build and maintain a reuse library asset which can be used to develop instances of systems in the domain family. A three-phase approach is recommended for performing the domain analysis: model the domain, architect the domain, and develop software components. All products of the domain analysis activities are reusable in future system developments in the family, and also in the analysis of related domains. It is concluded that domain analysis, when done right, is a significant undertaking. It does, however, produces a significant benefit. <<ETX>>
A Method for Closed Frequent Subgraph Mining in a Single Large Graph

Mining frequent subgraphs is an interesting and important problem in the graph mining field, in that mining frequent subgraphs from a single large graph has been strongly developed, and has recently attracted many researchers. Among them, MNI-based approaches are considered as state-of-the-art, such as the GraMi algorithm. Besides frequent subgraph mining (FSM), frequent closed frequent subgraph mining was also developed. This has many practical applications and is a fundamental premise for many studies. This paper proposes the CloGraMi (Closed Frequent Subgraph Mining) algorithm based on GraMi to find all closed frequent subgraphs in a single large graph. Two effective strategies are also developed, the first one is a new level order traversal strategy to quickly determine closed subgraphs in the searching process, and the second is setting a condition for early pruning a large portion of non-closed candidates, both of them aim to reduce the running time as well as the memory requirements, improve the performance of the proposed algorithm. Our experiments are performed on five real datasets (both directed and undirected graphs) and the results show that the running time as well as the memory requirements of our algorithm are significantly better than those of the GraMi-based algorithm.
A Fast Approach for Simulating Long-Time Response of High-Speed Dispersive and Lossy Interconnects Terminated with Nonlinear Loads

This paper presents an efficient approach for analyzing the long-time response of high-speed dispersive and lossy interconnects terminated with nonlinear loads. In this approach, a fast realtime convolution algorithm with computational cost O(N log N) is suggested to tackle the long-time analysis of the high-speed dispersive and lossy interconnects, which are modeled by S-parameters. In addition, the acquirement of the S-parameters is recommended to adopt wideband closed-form formulas. The time response of a microstrip line with a nonlinear load is shown as a practical example. The dominant parameters affecting the response of this microstrip line is observed and discussed in detail. The approach demonstrates its efficiency and accuracy in the analysis.
Combined transmastoid/middle fossa approach for a petrous bone cholesteatoma: A case report and literature review

Abstract We report the case of a 14-year-old girl with petrous bone cholesteatoma resected through a combined approach from the middle cranial fossa and mastoid process. A favorable outcome can be achieved when applying the transmastoid approach to a cholesteatoma by incorporating the middle fossa approach to preserve inner ear function. We emphasize the utility of integrated three-dimensional image reconstruction as a surgical strategy to determine beneficial routes for facial and inner ear function and accomplishment of radical resection. Visualization by an integrated image of irregular tumor infiltration within the petrous bone facilitates information sharing for better cooperation between surgeons in otolaryngeal and neurosurgical fields.
A theory of large deformation in soft active materials

Soft active materials have many important applications. We develop a theory of large deformation in a family of soft active materials known as dielectric elastomers. We show that the Maxwell stress is not applicable to deformable dielectrics in general, and that the effect of electric field on deformation is material specific. Based on available experimental data, we construct for a class of model materials, which we call ideal dielectric elastomers, a free-energy function comprising contributions from stretching and polarizing. We show that the free-energy function is typically non-convex, causing the pull-in instability of dielectric elastomers.
Strangers in the Dark: Navigating opacity and transparency in open online career-related knowledge sharing

Given repeated upheavals in jobs and organizations, people increasingly share career-related knowledge in open online platforms. Dealing with career-related knowledge in an open online setting, though, is challenging. It requires people to balance between exchanging too much and too little career-related knowledge, e.g., to disclose and share the right knowledge without jeopardizing themselves. This study examines how participants achieve such delicate balance in open online processes. It investigates discussions in a career advice-focused online platform. Findings reveal how open online career-related exchanges include sequences of knowledge sharing, knowledge evaluating, and of diverting. They also include sequences of regulating openness that involve securing opacity for the people participating while also ensuring the transparency of the process. The study unpacks how participants in an open online setting navigate the dynamic balance between individual opacity and processual transparency. Findings hold implications for scholarship on open organizing, careers, and advice networks, as well as for practice.
Performance of four new runlength constrained recording codes

We investigate the performance of four recently published runlength constrained recording codes. Parameters of these codes are R = 1/3, (d, k) = (1/2), R = 1/4, (d, k) = (4, 7), R = 1/4, (d, k) = (4, 8) and R = 1/4, (d, k) = (5, 9). Graphs of the bit error rates on the binary symmetric channel and a two-state bursty channel are presented. We investigate error propagation probabilities and present the measured power spectral densities of these codes.
Significance of subgrade damping on structural evaluation of pavements

Falling weight deflectometer (FWD) has been widely adopted to generate a transient loading on pavement to simulate a moving wheel on the road. Although damping effects influence structural responses in dynamic conditions, it was usually neglected in pavement evaluations. This study presented the pavement responses of finite element analysis of FWD tests on various types of subgrade soils. The results showed that subgrade damping significantly influences pavement deflections of FWD tests. Among the types of soils, the analysis results revealed that gravel subgrade has the least damping effect on dynamic deflections. Deflection velocity was found to be crucial to interpret the importance of soil damping in FWD tests. The simulated pavement responses of the FWD test are different from that caused by a moving vehicle.
Converting assembly lines to assembly cells at sheet metal products: insights on performance improvements

With the current emphasis on short product delivery lead times and customized product configurations, there is a need to design and implement systems that can quickly assemble small batches of customized product. While some plants are converting their assembly lines to assembly cells to achieve this goal, the reasons for the improvement resulting from conversion have not been well documented or understood, making it difficult to know when and where assembly cells are applicable. This research adds to the sparse body of the literature in this area by examining the planned conversion of a multi-model assembly line to a set of parallel assembly cells in a real plant. Previous theory is used to explain why the proposed cells are expected to outperform the current assembly line. Simulation models based on data collected from the plant are then used to estimate the marginal impact each factor change had on the estimated performance improvement resulting from the conversion to cells. Additional simulation experiments are performed to explore the possibility of changing the current line configuration instead of converting to assembly cells, and to extend the results to environments that may exist in other plants. The generalizability of the results to other plant environments is also discussed.
Do Important Home-Made Innovations Affect Productivity Growth? Some Industry-Level Explorations *

International differences in productivity performance are often attributed to differences in innovative performance. Much empirical work supports this contention, but problems in quantifying innovative output prevent researchers from drawing a clear picture. In this paper, we try to assess the importance of innovations by linking labor productivity growth at the level of industries to various counts of patents. Since it is well-known that patented innovations are very heterogeneous regarding their importance, we construct importance indicators by means of patent citation data taken from the US Patent Office. We present descriptive statistics to reveal the technological specialization patterns of 26 countries, in terms of their focus on important innovations at the industry level. Our preliminary regressions do not find a strong relationship between the production of (important) innovations and labor productivity growth. We give a few potential explanations for this result and indicate which future plans we have to deal with these issues.
Computationally defined and in vitro validated putative genomic safe harbour loci for transgene expression in human cells

Selection of the target site is an inherent question for any project aiming for directed transgene integration. Genomic safe harbour (GSH) loci have been proposed as safe sites in the human genome for transgene integration. Although several sites have been characterised for transgene integration in the literature, most of these do not meet criteria set out for a GSH and the limited set that do have not been characterised extensively. Here, we conducted a computational analysis using publicly available data to identify 25 unique putative GSH loci that reside in active chromosomal compartments. We validated stable transgene expression and minimal disruption of the native transcriptome in three GSH sites in vitro using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and their differentiated progeny. Furthermore, for easy targeted transgene expression, we have engineered constitutive landing pad expression constructs into the three validated GSH in hESCs.
Capturing and characterising pre-failure strain on failing slopes

Effective management of slope hazards requires an understanding of the likely triggers, geometry, failure dynamics, mechanism and timing; of these the last two remain most problematic. Reducing the epistemic uncertainty of these elements is crucial, particularly for landslides that are not easily mitigated. The ‘inverse-velocity method’ utilises the linearity in inverse-strain-rate change through time in brittle materials to forecast the timing of final slope collapse. A significant body of published deformation data is available, yet to date there has been no attempt to collate a catalogue of landslide deformations from a large number of sites to examine emergent behaviour; notably variations in and controls on movement prior to failure. This thesis collates thirty-one examples of tertiary creep and related attributes from a broad literature search of over 6,000 peer-reviewed journals. Results show that tertiary creep operates over durations ranging from ~37 minutes to 3,171 days. Patterns of acceleration corroborated with published parameterisations of brittle failure; namely Voight’s (1989) model. Most examples (86%) were best-fit with hyperbolic curves, described by an α coefficient within the 1.7 and 2.2 range; indicative of deformation driven by crack growth. No significant relationships between slope and creep characteristics were found within the database of examples, however the lack of standard reporting of slope failures, particularly between industry documents and academic papers, limits the analysis. The database validates the ‘inverse-velocity method’ as a robust forecasting technique. Iterative a priori analysis of data has shown that slopes deforming in a brittle manner are more likely to predict slope collapse ‘too soon’ as a false positive prediction. Analysis has also shown that tertiary creep is typically delimited (87% of examples) within the first 25% of the total creep duration. Recommendations towards monitoring specifically highlight the need for instruments to deliver spatial accuracies to ~10mm, surface based capture and continuous measurement. Developing processing procedures for point cloud data derived from a permanent terrestrial laser scanning system is recommended as the best approach to small-scale deformation monitoring.