Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Description et comportement des communautés bactériennes de la viande de poulet conservée sous atmosphère protectrice

Controler les bacteries alterantes des aliments, notamment les produits carnes crus, est un enjeu majeur pour les industries agroalimentaires. Les conditions de stockage de la viande sous differentes atmospheres exercent une pression de selection et modifient le comportement et le developpement des communautes bacteriennes initialement presentes. Des methodes de sequencage a haut debit, utilisees pour caracteriser differents ecosystemes microbiens, ont ete appliquees pour etudier la dynamique des communautes bacteriennes de la viande de poulet au cours du stockage.Nous avons developpe une methode pour constituer des ecosystemes microbiens standards dont la composition a ete determinee par pyrosequencage du gene de l’ARNr 16S. La presence de Brochothrix thermosphacta et de Pseudomonas parmi les especes dominantes a ete confirmee et nous avons mis en evidence que Shewanella et Carnobacterium etaient sous dominantes. Nous avons selectionne deux ecosystemes pour effectuer des challenges tests reproductibles sur de la viande de poulet conservee sous 3 atmospheres couramment utilisees. Une analyse metatranscriptomique et metagenomique a ete realisee afin de savoir “Quelles bacteries etaient presentes ? ”, “Qu’etaient-elles capables de faire? ” et “Qu’exprimaient-elles? ” suivant les conditions.Nous avons ainsi pu evaluer l’impact des melanges gazeux sur la dynamique bacterienne et les fonctions exprimees par les bacteries suivant les contaminants initiaux. Cela nous donne des pistes pour fournir des indications afin d’optimiser la conservation de la viande en controlant les ecosystemes microbiens
Detection of whole-field luminance changes by superficial interneurons in the zebrafish tectum

The superficial interneurons, SINs, of the zebrafish tectum, also known as tectal horizontal cells, have been implicated in a range of behavioral responses to visual cues, including prey capture and looming-evoked escape. However, there is limited information on their tuning properties, synaptic connectivity and molecular diversity. We have begun to close this gap in our knowledge by performing functional GCaMP6 imaging and electrophysiological recordings of SIN responses to simplified stimuli. We found that a large subset of the SINs strongly responded to luminance changes, with a preference for OFF steps. Although SINs were generally tuned to any dark-light, or light-dark, transition, they were often most sensitive to a narrow range of luminance steps. Tuning properties did not vary with the position of the SIN cell body along the depth of the tectal neuropil or with the orientation of the cell’s neurites within the neuropil. Receptive field (RF) mapping revealed that SINs sample over large areas of the visual field (>20°, typically 50°). RFs of individual SINs were sometimes spatially incoherent, indicating that SINs may receive sparse inputs from multiple RGCs scattered widely over the retina. Lastly, we found that, while most SINs express GABAergic markers, as reported before, a substantial minority express a vesicular glutamate transporter. We propose that the role of the SINs is more complex than previously reported, and provide evidence that at least one SIN subtype could function as a multi-purpose circuit element for signaling changes in ambient luminance for subsequent processing in the tectum.
Making up your mind: Enhanced perceptual decision-making induced by stochastic resonance during non-invasive brain stimulation: Stochastic resonance in perceptual decision-making

Perceptual decision-making relies on the gradual accumulation of noisy sensory evidence until a specified boundary is reached and an appropriate response is made. It might be assumed that adding noise to a stimulus, or to the neural systems involved in its processing, would interfere with the decision process. But it has been suggested that adding an optimal amount of noise can, under appropriate conditions, enhance the quality of subthreshold signals in nonlinear systems, a phenomenon known as stochastic resonance. Here we asked whether perceptual decisions obey these stochastic resonance principles by adding noise directly to the visual cortex using transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) while participants judged the direction of motion in foveally presented random-dot motion arrays. Consistent with the stochastic resonance account, we found that adding tRNS bilaterally to visual cortex enhanced decision-making when stimuli were just below, but not well below or above, perceptual threshold. We modelled the data under a drift diffusion framework to isolate the specific components of the multi-stage decision process that were influenced by the addition of neural noise. This modelling showed that tRNS increased drift rate, which indexes the rate of evidence accumulation, but had no effect on bound separation or non-decision time. These results were specific to bilateral stimulation of visual cortex; control experiments involving unilateral stimulation of left and right visual areas showed no influence of random noise stimulation. Our study is the first to provide causal evidence that perceptual decision-making is susceptible to a stochastic resonance effect induced by tRNS, and that this effect arises from selective enhancement of the rate of evidence accumulation for sub-threshold sensory events.
Distribution of Placobdella hollensis (Whitman, 1892) (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae)

ABSTRACT: Confusion regarding the identification of Placobdella hollensis (Whitman, 1892) (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae) has led to an unclear understanding of the distribution of the species. Two specimens of P. hollensis were collected from Merchants Millpond State Park, Gates County, North Carolina, U.S.A. , representing a new geographic distribution record. Specimens were confirmed as P. hollensis by morphological and molecular study. Specimens of P. hollensis from North Carolina, had accessory eyes, 2 thin paramedial dark lines, and 3 pairs of pre-anal papillae. Molecular comparison of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequence data revealed a 99.0 to 99.7% similarity to specimens of P. hollensis collected from its type locality (Barnstable County, Massachusetts, U.S.A.). From confirmed specimens of P. hollensis, this report supports the assertion that P. hollensis has an Atlantic coastal distribution.
Analyses of sigma factor-associated regulatory networks in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Ein Schlusselmerkmal lebender Bakterien ist ihre herausragende Anpassungsfahigkeit an sich andernde Umweltbedingungen. Dabei spielt die Regulation der Transkription von Genen eine entscheidende Rolle. In Bakterien vermitteln Sigma-Faktoren die sequenzspezifische Erkennung von Promotoren durch die RNS-Polymerase und nehmen damit eine Schlusselfunktion bei der internen Umsetzung einer adaquaten Signalantwort ein. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die regulatorischen Netzwerke von 10 alternativen Sigma-Faktoren im opportunistischen Krankheitserreger Pseudomonas aeruginosa zu entschlusseln. Zu diesem Zweck wurden die Sigma-Faktor Regulons durch RNA-Sequenzierung von Stammen mit Sigma-Faktor Deletion und Uberexpression bestimmt. Ein hierarchisches Clustern der 10 Regulons ergab eine modulare Organisation der globalen Genexpression, bei der 2/3 der Gene ausschlieslich von einem bestimmten Sigma-Faktor reguliert wurden, wahrend 1/3 der Gene unter der Kontrolle von 2 oder mehr Sigma-Faktoren standen. Zur Bestimmung der primaren Sigma-Faktor Regulons wurden die Transkriptomanalysen mit Chromatin-Immunoprazipitation gekoppelt mit Hochdurchsatz-Sequenzierung sowie mit Motivscans der de novo identifizierten Sigma-Faktor Bindungsmotive erganzt. Die funktionelle Charakterisierung der primaren Regulons ergab eine hohe Ubereinstimmung mit den bekannten Funktionen der Sigma-Faktoren. Desweiteren zeigte die Analyse eine Anreicherung von Genen mit grundlegenden Zellfunktionen in der indirekten Wechselwirkung der Sigma-Faktoren, wahrend Gene, die direkt von 2 oder mehr Sigma-Faktoren reguliert wurden, verstarkt an Anpassungsprozessen beteiligt waren. Zudem wurde RpoN als der dominante Sigma-Faktor identifiziert. Anschliesend wurde das Netzwerkverhalten unter 14 unterschiedlichen Umweltbedingungen untersucht. Diese Analyse ergab eine hohe Robustheit der Netzwerke. Weiterhin zeigten die Transkriptomanalysen von 6 P. aeruginosa Mutantenstamme mit inaktivierten Transkriptionsfaktoren spezifische und selektive Verknupfungen der alternativen Sigma-Faktor Regulons durch Transkriptionsfaktoren als Antwort auf komplexe Umweltbedingungen. Die vorliegende Arbeit tragt somit wesentlich zum Verstandnis bei, wie Bakterien sich an ihre Umwelt anpassen konnen. Diese Anpassungsfahigkeit basiert hauptsachlich auf robusten und distinkten Modulen durch Sigma-Faktor Regulons sowie der prazisen Modulation der Transkription durch die flexible Vernetzung dieser Module durch Transkriptionsfaktoren.
Transcriptomic landscape of Dendrobium huoshanense and its genes related to polysaccharide biosynthesis

Dendrobium huoshanense has long been used to treat various diseases in oriental medicine. In order to study its gene expression profile, transcripts involved in the biosynthesis of precursors of polysaccharides, as well as mechanisms underlining morphological differences between wild and cultivated plants, three organs of both wild type and cultivated D. huoshanense were collected and sequenced by Illumina HiSeq4000 platform, yielding 919,409,540 raw reads in FASTQ format. After Trinity de novo assembly and quality control, 241,242 nonredundant contigs with the average length of 967.5 bp were generated. qRT-PCR experiment on the selected transcripts showed the transcriptomic data were reliable. BLASTx was conducted against NR, SwissProt, String, Pfam, and KEGG. Gene ontology annotation revealed more than 40,000 contigs assigned to catalytic activity and metabolic process, suggesting its dynamic physiological activities. By searching KEGG pathway, six genes potentially involved in mannose biosynthetic pathway were retrieved. Gene expression analysis for stems between wild and cultivated D. huoshanense resulted in 956 genes differentially expressed. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) analysis revealed 143 SSRs with the unit size of 4 and 3,437 SSRs the size of 3. The obtained SSRs are the potential molecular markers for discriminating distinct cultivars of D. huoshanense .
Effect of some antibiotics on aerobic pathogenic bacteria in operation theaters in AL-Manathera general hospital: A comparative study

The study was done between June 2012 and August 2012 where 180 specimens were obtained from operation rooms in AL-Manathera general hospital which have been divided into 90 specimens from air and 90 specimens from floor ,Isolation and Identification of the microorganisms and their Antibiotics sensitivity pattern were done and following results were obtained Staphylococcus aureus was the most common microorganisms isolated 29 then Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7 and E.Coli three specimen only, The Antibiotics sensitivity pattern showed that Cefatoxime, Cephalothin and Rifampcin were more active against gram positive and gram negative bacteria while the strains were resistant to Oxacillin ,Amoxycillin ,PencillinG, Tetracyclin ,Ampicillin, Lincomycin, Chloramphenicol, Carbenicillin, Cloxacillin, Erthromycin.
Genetic consequences of conservation management: the case of the arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) in Scandinavia

v Introduction . 3 Materials and Methods . 8 Study species, demographic history, and management . 8 Data collection and sampling . 10 Molecular analyses . 12 Quality control and data selection . 13 Statistical analyses . 16 Results . 20 Temporal changes in genetic diversity within subpopulations . 20 Influence of conservation efforts on genetic diversity . 22 Temporal changes in genetic structure . 24 Temporal changes in immigration . 30 Discussion . 31 References . 39 Appendix . 53
Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Halosulfuron in Cucumber, Summer Squash, and Selected Weeds

Greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the absorption, translocation, and metabolism of foliar-applied [14C]halosulfuron-methyl in cucumber, summer squash, pitted morningglory, and velvetleaf. Cucumber and summer squash were treated at the 4-leaf stage, whereas velvetleaf and pitted morningglory were treated at 10 cm. All plants were collected at 4, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment (HAT) for absorption and translocation studies and an additional 96-HAT interval was included in the metabolism study. Absorption did not exceed 45% in summer squash, whereas it plateaued around 60% in velvetleaf and cucumber and reached 80% in pitted morningglory 72 HAT. None of the four species translocated more than 23% of absorbed halosulfuron out of the treated leaf. Translocation in cucumber and summer squash was predominantly basipetal, while acropetal movement prevailed in velvetleaf. No significant direction of movement was observed for pitted morningglory. Negligible translocation occurred toward the roots, regardless of plant species. Of the total amount of [14C]halosulfuron-methyl absorbed into the plants at 96 HAT, more than 80% remained in the form of the parent compound in velvetleaf, summer squash, and pitted morningglory, whereas less than 20% was detected in cucumber. Rapid and high herbicide metabolism may explain cucumber tolerance to halosulfuron-methyl, while lack of metabolism contributes to summer squash and velvetleaf susceptibility. Pitted morningglory tolerance may be due to limited translocation associated with some level of metabolism, but further research would be needed to investigate other potential causes. Nomenclature: Halosulfuron-methyl; cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. ; field pumpkin, Cucurbita pepo L. ; pitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. IPOLA; velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. ABUTH.
Optimal Power Flow in AC/DC Microgrids With Enhanced Interlinking Converter Modeling

In this article, we propose an optimal power flow (OPF) paradigm for hybrid ac/dc microgrids. A meticulous model of the interlinking converter (IC) is developed and integrated into the OPF problem formulation. The resulting formulation is capable of solving the OPF of ac and dc subgrids in their standalone operations. A computationally efficient parabolic relaxation method transforms the nonconvex OPF model into a convex quadratic-constrained quadratic programming form. A sequential penalization method is applied to the relaxed OPF to achieve feasible solutions for the original formulation. The developed OPF formulation is tested on multiple modified 5-, 14-, 30-, 24-, 118-bus test systems, and a significant reduction in computational time is achieved in comparison with semidefinite programming relaxation. For a sequential penalized ac/dc OPF, the optimal values of both relaxations have a maximum difference of 0.025% for a 5-bus system. Finally, the modified IEEE 14-bus system is emulated in a real-time controller/hardware-in-the-loop setup to validate the proposed framework with continuously varying loads and IC switching status.
Corrigendum to: Influence of climatic factors on variation in the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index in Mongolian Plateau grasslands

Climate change will affect how the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which is correlated with climate factors, varies in space and over time. The Mongolian Plateau is an arid and semi-arid area, 64% covered by grassland, which is extremely sensitive to climate change. Its climate has shown a warming and drying trend at both annual and seasonal scales. We analysed NDVI and climate variation characteristics and the relationships between them for Mongolian Plateau grasslands from 1981 to 2013. The results showed spatial and temporal differences in the variation of NDVI. Precipitation showed the strongest correlation with NDVI (43% of plateau area correlated with total annual precipitation and 44% with total precipitation in the growing season, from May to September), followed by potential evapotranspiration (27% annual, and 30% growing season), temperature (7% annual, 16% growing season) and cloud cover (10% annual, 12% growing season). These findings confirm that moisture is the most important limiting factor for grassland vegetation growth on the Mongolian Plateau. Changes in land use help to explain variations in NDVI in 40% of the plateau, where no correlation with climate factors was found. Our results indicate that vegetation primary productivity will decrease if warming and drying trends continue but decreases will be less substantial if further warming, predicted as highly likely, is not accompanied by further drying, for which predictions are less certain. Continuing spatial and temporal variability can be expected, including as a result of land use changes.
Small-scale soil microbial community heterogeneity linked to landforms on King George Island, maritime Antarctica

We analysed soil-borne microbial (bacterial, archaeal, and fungal) communities around the Fildes Region of King George Island, maritime Antarctica, which were divided into two groups according to soil elemental compositions and environmental attributes (soil chemical parameters and vegetation conditions) located in Holocene raised beach and Tertiary volcanic stratigraphy. Prokaryotic communities of the two groups were well separated; they predominantly correlated with soil elemental compositions, and were secondly correlated with environmental attributes (e.g., soil pH, total organic carbon, , and vegetation coverage; Pearson test, r = 0.59 vs. 0.52, both P < 0.01). The relatively high abundance of P, S, Cl, and Br in Group 1 was likely due to landform uplift. Lithophile-elements (Si, Al, Ca, Sr, Ti, V, and Fe) correlated with prokaryotic communities in Group 2 may originate from weathering of Tertiary volcanic rock. The elements and nutrients accumulated during formation of different landforms influenced the development of soils, plant growth, and microbial communities, and resulted in small-scale spatially heterogeneous biological distributions. We propose that the geological evolution of the Fildes Region was crucial to its microbial community development. IMPORTANCE This current study analyzed soil-borne microbial communities around the Fildes Region of King George Island, maritime Antarctica, which were divided into two groups according to soil elemental compositions and environmental attributes. We provide new evidence for the crucial influence of landforms on small-scale structures and spatial heterogeneity of soil microbial communities.
The dosage of the ions of magnesium in the milk.

Magnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (such as antacids and laxatives). This paper intends to determine the concentration of the ions of magnesium in the milk from three different sources: from the dispenser market, from the supermarket and directly from country.
Intersectionality in the construction of authority: Asystemic supervisor’s perspective

In this study I explore how ethnicity, gender and class are implicated in the construction and performance of authority in the supervisory relationship. Authority is a concept that is used as one of the competences and stances to take as a systemic psychotherapist and systemic supervisor but its meaning has not been enough explained nor deconstructed in the systemic literature. Twelve participants were recruited for the study. The chosen methodology was Grounded Theory. The key findings can be summarised as follows. First, authority is constructed by systemic supervisors upon dominant social constructions in a hierarchical relationship that is gendered, classed and racialised. Second, this study highlights that gender, class and ethnicity are intersectionally implicated in the constructions and performance of authority, rather than operating separately. Third, supervisors use theoretical concepts such as the domains of action in their conceptualization of authority, in order to manage the nuances between holding multiple perspectives and the assertion of their authority. In conclusion, Authority is a gendered, racialised and classed-based construct and thus shapes the influence of how knowledge and expertise is conveyed and received in the supervisory relationship. This construction of authority is embedded in power relationships, which privilege those supervisors that belong to the most hegemonic groups of society: white male middle class; and discriminate minority supervisors accordingly to their intersectionality
CHARACTERIZATION AND DYNAMIC MITIGATION OF EMBEDDED MEMORY PREFETCHERS

—In emerging and future high-end processor systems, tolerating increasing latency and properly managing memory bandwidth will be critical to achieving high performance. Prefetching, in both hardware and software, is among one of the most important available techniques for doing this analysis. The analysis of energy consumption and performance is essential to design and optimize mobile systems because of their limited battery capacity. Full-system simulation provides detailed performance metrics for an entire system. Thus it has been widely used for designing and optimizing Chip Multiprocessor (CMP) micro architectures. The gem5 simulator provides full-system simulation based on the ARM architecture. Furthermore, gem5 provides only performance statistics without power consumption data. This paper presents a mobile full-system simulation framework based on an enhanced gem5 that includes power models for the main components of mobile systems: CPU/caches, DRAM. Using SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks, we show that the proposed mobile full-system simulator achieves power modeling accuracy within 12.8% error rate, compared with Nexus 5
Introduction History Influences Aboveground Biomass Allocation in Brazilian Peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius)

Multiple introductions of an exotic species can facilitate invasion success by allowing for a wider range of expressed trait values in the adventive range. Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian peppertree) is an invasive shrub that was introduced into Florida in two separate introductions and has subsequently hybridized, resulting in three distinct lineages (eastern, western, and hybrid). To determine whether allocation of aboveground biomass differed by introduction history, we destructively sampled 257 stems from each of six populations with differing introduction histories. The proportion of aboveground biomass allocated to fruit, wood, and leaves differed among the three populations. To determine whether the relationship between stem size and several dependent variables that measure plant performance (total dry weight, wood dry weight, number of fruits, fruit dry weight, leaf dry weight, and number of leaves) differed quantitatively by introduction history, we performed analyses of covariance. Slopes of these relationships (dependent variable vs. stem size) varied by lineage. Hybrid populations had the steepest slopes for one set of dependent variables (total dry weight, wood dry weight, and leaf dry weight), while western populations had the steepest slopes for a different set of dependent variables (number of fruits, fruit dry weight, and number of leaves). The parameterized regression equations for each dependent variable and lineage were used to nondestructively estimate different kinds of production by individuals that are part of long-term longitudinal studies to understand the demographic consequences of these different biomass allocation strategies for the performance of S. terebinthifolius individuals across the invaded range in Florida. Nomenclature: Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi.