Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pulsed neutron powder diffraction at high pressure by a capacity-increased sapphire anvil cell

A new design of opposed anvil cell for time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction was prepared for use at advanced pulsed sources. A couple of single-crystal sapphire sphere anvils and a gasket of fully hardened Ti–Zr null alloy were combined to compress 35 mm3 of sample volume to 1 GPa and 11 mm3 to 2 GPa of pressures, respectively. A very high-quality powder diffraction pattern was obtained at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex for a controversial high pressure phase of methane hydrate. The counting statistics, resolution, absolute accuracy and d-value range of the pattern were all improved to be best suitable for precise structure refinement. The sample is optically accessible to be measured by Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy during and after compression. The current cell will be an alternative choice to study hydrogenous materials of complex structures that are stable at the described pressure regime.
The Weizsäcker functional: Some rigorous results

The Weizsacker functional T{sub W} is a necessary element to explain basic physical and chemical phenomena of atomic and molecular systems in the general density functional theory initiated by Hohenberg and Kohn. Here, rigorous inequalities which involve the functional T{sub W} and two arbitrary power-type density functionals {omega}{sub {alpha}} = {integral} {rho}{sup {alpha}}(r) dr are found by the successive applications of Sobolev and Holder inequalities. Particular cases of these inequalities give lower bounds to the Weizsacker functional of an N-electron system in terms of a fundamental and/or experimentally measurable quantity such as, e.g., the Thomas-Fermi kinetic energy T{sub W} the Dirac-Slater exchange energy K{sub 0} and the average electronic density in doing so, some known relationships appear. A numerical Hartree-Fock study of the accuracy of some resulting lower bounds is carried out. Finally, rigorous relationships between the Weizsacker functional and the Boltzmann-Shannon information entropy of the system under consideration are given. 28 refs., 2 figs.
Housing Booms, Reallocation and Productivity

I establish that US public firms holding real estate have persistently lower levels of productivity than non-holders. Rising real estate values relax collateral constraints for companies that own real estate and allow them to expand production. Consequently, an increase in house prices reallocates capital and labor towards inefficient firms, with negative consequences for aggregate industry productivity. Industries with a stronger relative increase in real estate values see a significant decline in total factor productivity, and the within-industry covariance between firm size and productivity declines. My results suggest a novel channel through which real estate booms affect productivity and have implications for monetary policy.
The Validity and Reliability of The Teaching Supervision Instruments in Culinary Field: An Analysis of The Rasch Measurement Model

The implementation of teaching supervision is mandatory for all teachers. Feedback in teaching supervision is a very important aspect. Not only that, supervisors need to have sufficient skills, updated knowledge on the changes in subject syllabus, and reasonable recommendations to improve the teachers they supervised. There is a notion that an accurate teaching supervision model using specific instruments needs to be created so that the teaching and learning supervision can be carried out more effectively. Along with the issues and focus, this study aimed to test the validity and reliability of teaching supervision instruments in the culinary field. The design of the study involves the development of instruments based on the data gathered from interviews, where this study utilised a Modified Delphi Methodology approach. The researcher conducted a test on 100 respondents who were among administrators tasked to carry out teaching supervision in classrooms. The Rasch Measurement Model with Winsteps 3.73. 0 software was used to obtain the validity and reliability of each item in the study of teaching supervision in culinary field. In the instrument evaluation phase, the data analysis went through five stages to fulfil the criteria and conditions for instrument usability. The results of the analysis show that of the 45 items in the teaching supervision in culinary field study, two items were dropped and 43 remained. With this, the research instrument can be used as a reference for school administrators in the actual teaching supervision.
Applying Anchored Instruction in Crowdsourcing Platforms to Promote Career Competence of Digital Media Students

The gap between the career competence and real needs of operating post significantly affects the development of enterprises. This paper combines the anchored instructional strategies and crowdsourcing to innovate the practice teaching mode of digital media specialty in vocational colleges. The goal is to explore the possibility of improving the career competence of students. A preliminary evaluation is conducted based on a 4-month longitudinal study. Thirty-nine junior students were tracked and 32 of them responded. The instruments included two popular crowdsourcing platforms in China and a testing scale of career competencies. The data was collected via Internet survey first followed by a telephone interview if the students did not respond within a fixed time. The results show that the crowdsourcing platform is an appropriate training environment where students can understand more market needs through the platform and students’ experience has been greatly improved through training and cooperation. In conclusion, the approach proposed in this study is useful in promoting career competence of digital media students in vocational colleges.
α1a‐Adrenoceptor polymorphism: pharmacological characterization and association with benign prostatic hypertrophy

1 Two restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the human α1a‐adrenoceptor gene digested with PstI restriction enzyme exist; the nucleotide change causes the substitution of C residue for T at nucleotide 1441, thereby Arg492 to Cys492 transition, which might confer an additional putative palmitoylation site in the carboxy‐terminal segment of the α1a‐adrenoceptor. In the present study, we compared their pharmacological properties and examined whether this α1a‐adrenoceptor polymorphism is associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). 2 The frequency of α1a‐adrenoceptor polymorphism was not differently distributed between patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and normal subjects in Japan; thus, the relative frequencies of the C and T alleles were 0.90: 0.10 in normal male subjects (n = 45) and 0.87: 0.13 in BPH patients (n = 222), respectively. However, the frequency distribution of this polymorphism was significantly different between the Japanese and U.S. populations; thus, C and T alleles were 0.34 and 0.66 in U.S. populations. 3 Utilizing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing the two polymorphic α1a‐adrenoceptors (Arg492 and Cys492), we compared their binding affinity and signal transduction. Radioligand binding studies with 2‐[β‐(4‐hydroxy‐3[125I]‐iodophenyl) ethylamino‐methyl]tetralone ([125I]‐HEAT) showed no marked difference in the antagonist or agonist binding affinities between the two receptors. Also, both receptors were found to be coupled to the calcium signaling, and the concentration‐cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i response relationships for noradrenaline were similar for the two polymorphic receptors. Furthermore, the receptor‐mediated [Ca2+]i response was markedly desensitized after a 2 h exposure of phenylephrine (10 μm), and the extent of the desensitization was not significantly different between the two receptors. 4 In summary, the results showed that the two α1a‐adrenoceptors generated by genetic polymorphism have similar pharmacological characteristics, and the receptor‐mediated [Ca2+]i response can be desensitized in a similar manner. The study did not provide any evidence to support the hypothesis that α1a‐adrenoceptor gene polymorphism is associated with BPH.
Asiatic Cheetah's (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus Griffith, 1821) (Felidae: Carnivora) habitat suitability modeling in Iran

Critically endangered Asiatic Cheetah faces a dramatic decrease in its abundance and distribution in recent decades entailing the necessity for more serious conservation activities for the species in its last remaining habitats in Iran. Proper management of the target species is highly dependent on knowledge about its distribution and habitat requirements. The Maximum Entropy modeling approach was applied to achieve the species habitat suitability models using data collected from 2001 to 2018 throughout the country. We found that the most contiguous patch predicted as a suitable one has been reported from the central parts of the country where constitute around one-third of the predicted suitable habitats in the country. However, only 36.3% of these habitats were shown to be located inside the borders of the country's protected area network. Naybandan Wildlife Refuge and Touran Biosphere Reserve incorporate 9661.7 (12.6%) and 8291 (10.8%) km2 of the suitable habitats respectively where can be regarded as the most critical areas in the species conservation programs. Least Cost Path analysis suggested two corridors with 262.5 and 192.5 km length connecting northern and southern suitable patches. Designing new protected areas or local community conserved areas and extending current borders of the protected areas are necessary to connect northern and southern habitats and increase the species viability.
On Generalizations of Classical Prime Elements of Lattice Modules

Let $M$ be a lattice module over a $C-$lattice $L$ and $\phi \colon M\to M$ be a function on $M$ such that $\phi(N)\leq N$ for each $N\in M$. In this paper, we introduce the concept of an $(n-1, n)-\phi-$classical prime element in a lattice module $M$. A proper element $P$ of $M$ is called an $(n-1, n)-\phi-$classical prime element, if $a_{1}\cdots a_{n-1}X\leq P, a_{1}\cdots a_{n-1}X\nleq \phi(P)$ implies $a_{1}\cdots a_{i-1}a_{i+1}\cdots a_{n-1}X\leq P$, for some $i\in \{1, \cdots, n-1\}$$(n\geq 3)$, for all $a_{1}, \cdots, a_{n-1}\in L$ and $X\in M$. Further, we study various characterizations of these elements.
The Learning of Arabic Alphabets for Special Needs Students in Elementary School

This research was motivated by the learning of Arabic letters in students with special needs as a basic stage of learning Arabic and the Qur’an . This study aimed to describe the learning of Arabic letters in students with special needs in elementary school Campurdarat Tulungagung East Java Indonesia.This type of research was descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques by interview, observation, and documentation. Sources of data in this study were principals, teachers, students with special needs, and documents. The results of this study were descriptions of the learning of Arabic letters for students with special needs in elementary schools. (1) Learning planning included promissory notes, syllabus, and lesson plans like schools in general. (2) The implementation of learning included teaching materials with Islamic handbooks while learning methods included alphabetical methods, demonstrations, recitation, and lectures dominated by sign language, while the learning media included cards and Juz ‘Amma . (3) Evaluation of learning included evaluation of processes and results that show students with special abilities can identify Arabic letters, but difficulties in pronunciation.
Mean- and Low-Frequency Wave Forces on Semisubmersibles

The agreement between results of model tests and computations based on potential theory indicates that viscous effects on wave drift forces on semi-submersibles are small in conditions of waves only. The horizontal drift forces are predicted reasonably well through use of potential theory, as are vertical drift forces. In conditions of waves combined with current, viscous effects probably play a role with respect to the mean- and low-frequency forces. This is deduced from results of model tests, which indicate that the total mean force in conditions of waves and current is not always equal to the sum of the mean forces found in waves only and in current only. Computations based on Morison's equation carried out by Pijfers and Brink and Ferretti and Berta confirm this effect qualitatively. This suggests that there are interaction effects between current and waves that, until now, have not been quantified properly. It has been suggested that wave drift forces are changed significantly by the presence of current. On the other hand, it is also possible that the presence of waves disturbs the current flow pattern considerably, relative to the still-water case, and that this leads to a change in the current drag. More researchmore » is needed to clarify these phenomena. « less
Predictive Human-in-the-Loop Simulations for Assistive Exoskeletons

Design and evaluation of exoskeletons is often a time consuming and costly process that involves prototyping, human testing, and multiple design iterations. For active exoskeletons, the primary challenge is to detect the wearer’s movement intent and provide potent assistance, which often requires sophisticated control algorithms. The goal of this study is to integrate human musculoskeletal models with robot modeling and control for virtual human-in-the-loop evaluation of exoskeleton design and control. We present potential strategies for assisting various human motions such as squatting, lifting, walking, and running. Several exoskeleton designs (for back, upper extremity, and lower extremity) and their control methods are evaluated with an integrated human-in-the-loop simulation approach to study their functionalities and biomechanical effects on the wearer’ musculoskeletal system. We hope this simulation paradigm can be utilized for virtual design and evaluation of exoskeletons and pave the way to build or optimize exoskeletons.
RUL Prediction by LSTM Model with Bayesian Parameter Optimization for Turbine Engines

Effectively predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of a product is significant for reasonable reliability planning and maintenance activities. The long-short term memory (LSTM) model, which belongs to deep learning methods, was applied for RUL prediction of turbine engines, and a parameter optimization method with Bayesian theory was studied.
Clarifying multilevel and temporal influences on successful aging at work: An ecological systems perspective

In explaining the influences of older workers’ ability and motivation to continue working (i.e., successful aging at work), Kooij et al. (2020) discuss the influences of macro, meso, micro, and temporal factors. Conceptually, this set of potential influences is comprehensive. However, the authors provide less clarity on the scope of the particular influences themselves. At the macro (societal) level, detail was lacking on the scope of potential institutional and cultural influences. At the meso level, more explanation was needed on how social aspects of the workgroup and the job, such as the people that one works with and the skillor knowledge-based characteristics of the job that one does, influence older workers’ ability and motivation to continue working. At the micro level, sociocultural aspects of the individual older workers themselves, such as their gender, subjective age, and communal affiliation, were not discussed. Finally, the different aspects of time that may influence an older worker’s ability and motivation to continue working were not elaborated upon. The purpose of my commentary is to provide insight regarding these issues via reference to a recently advanced ecological systems view of work and aging by Marcus et al. (2020). Using the ecological systems perspective, explained below, I expand upon the focal article by clarifying the roles of (macro) institutional and cultural, (meso) workgroup/job, (micro) demographic, and temporal factors on older workers’ ability and motivation to continue working.
I-Vague Vector Spaces

—The notions of I-vague vector spaces of vector spaces with membership and non-membership functions taking values in an involutary dually residuated lattice ordered semigroup are introduced which generalizes the notions with truth values in a Boolean algebra as well as those usual vague sets whose membership and non-membership functions taking values in the unit interval [0, 1]. We discuss some properties of I-vague vector spaces.
Recognition of Common Insect in Field Based on Deep Learning

Traditional insect taxonomy methods have high technical requirements, and the ability of artificial identification of insects is insufficient. In order to solve the problem, this paper proposes a method of common insects recognition in field based on transfer learning. A total of 9 kinds of insects, such as mythimna separata, rice borer, rice plant hopper, mole cricket, mantis, locust, grass fly, ladybug, and ditch beetle are collected for classification and identification, those include the main insect pests and some natural enemies of the main food crops in the field, such as wheat, rice, corn, etc. Then we use the digital image processing technology and the confrontation generation network to expend the insect dataset, and build a model based on transfer learning to transfer the knowledge learned by VGG16, VGG19, InceptionV3, and InceptionV4 on the ImageNet dataset to the insect classification and recognition. Experimental results show that the transfer learning training model has better classification performance and higher convergence speed, and data expansion can help extend sample and avoid overfitting. The highest recognition accuracy is up to 97.39% among models, which adopt the VGG19 convolutional neural network to pretrain the model for transfer learning. This method has the high recognition accuracy, less time consumption, simple and convenient, robustness in particular for the translation and rotation, which provides a reference for the identification and classification method of field insects.
Phosphorus Removal from Aqueous Solutions and Greek Soils using Modified Natural Minerals and Its Impact on the Morphological Characteristics of Crops

In the present article, adsorption experiments of phosphate ions from their aqueous solutions were conducted with the use of five different materials (zeolite, bentonite, goethite, and systems I and II). The adsorption of phosphate ions were examined after mixing 2 g of each of these materials with 10 different phosphate concentrations (1.6, 3.2, 4.8, 6.5, 32.3, 193.5, 322.6, 483.9, 645.2, and 871.0 μmol L−1). The experimental equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin equations. Results indicate the following order to fit the isotherms equations: Freundlich > Temkin > Langmuir. Moreover, the five materials were used as soil amendments to soils that were cultivated with wheat, maize, and cotton. Forty days after germination, the plants were collected, the morphological characteristics were identified, and the available phosphorus in soil and the total phosphorus in plants were determined. Comparing the experimental results, goethite and system I present the best impact in the root length, leaf area index, and dry weight of each plant. The adsorbed amount of phosphorus per g of dry weight of plants increases as follows: bentonite < system I < zeolite < system II < goethite (for wheat), goethite < system II < zeolite < bentonite < system I (for cotton), and system I < system II < bentonite < zeolite < goethite (for maize). Maize can be cultivated to soils contaminated with phosphorus with the simultaneous use of system I or II as soil amendments. Wheat can be used as phytoaccumulator crop for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with phosphorus.
Point Cloud Registration Algorithm Based on Overlapping Region Extraction

During the process of the point cloud registration, the problem that the accuracy is not high is due to the unknown relative position of the multi-view point clouds and the diversity of the target structure. This paper proposes a point cloud registration method based on extracting overlapping regions to solve it. First of all, according to the characteristics of the target geometric structure, each point cloud is divided into blocks and the ESF multi-dimensional shape descriptors of each point cloud block are constructed, the region with the greatest similarity between the descriptors, namely the overlapping region between the point clouds. Then our algorithm uses the Super Four Point Fast Robust Matching (Super4PCS) algorithm to execute a coarse registration of point clouds in overlapping regions, the initial positions of the point clouds after the coarse registration are obtained according to the consistency constraints, and finally uses the iterative closest point algorithm (ICP) to precisely register the overlapping region and obtain the final point cloud model. Compared with traditional Super4PCS algorithm, the experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper effectively improves the accuracy and accelerates the process of point cloud registration.
Distance distribution function of sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles by x-ray scattering

It is shown that for micellar solutions it is possible to analyze small-angle X-ray scattering curves through the distance distribution function p(r), even for relatively high concentrations, in specific cases in which the intensity curve I(q) is dominated by a peak to the inner structure of the micelle. This allows an independant determination of the micellar form factor P(q). This procedure is compared with the conventional fitting of I(q) to the product of P(q) with the intermicellar interference function S(q), calculated from repulsive Coulomb interactions in the mean spherical approximation
Pre-edge fine structure of the 3d atom K x-ray absorption spectra and quantitative atomic structure determinations for ferroelectric perovskite structure crystals

A complete interpretation is proposed for the pre-edge fine structure (PEFS) of the x-ray Ti K-absorption spectra for perovskite structure crystals. The interpretation is based on the results of numerous calculations performed by a modified full multiple scattering method which provides the theoretical spectra for the 3d transition metal oxides in fair agreement with experiment. It is shown that the three main peaks in the PEFS have quite different origin. The first long-wave side peak A is caused mainly by quadrupole transitions. The middle peak B is caused by the p-d mixture effect and the high intensity of it is considered to be a qualitative spectroscopic indication of ferroelectricity in the perovskite structure crystal. A simple formula is obtained which expresses the area under peak B through the lattice constants and mean-square displacement of the absorbing Ti atom from the instantaneous centre of the coordination polyhedron. The peak B area averaged over thermal atomic vibrations is determined by the three-particle atomic distribution function. The short-wave side peak C is caused by the Ti 1s electron transition to the unoccupied 3d states of the neighbouring transition metal atoms. We show that an additional peak on the short-wave side of peak C occurs if there are 4d atoms (for instance Zr atoms in the vicinity of the absorbing Ti atom in the (PZT) solid solution) within the oxygen atom octahedrons surrounding the absorbing 3d atom. The area under peak is directly determined by the average number of 4d atoms in the vicinity of the absorbing Ti one.