Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy set theory based outage determination [for distribution networks]

This paper presents an advanced method for determining outages in a distribution network based on information derived from an AM/FM/GIS system. Fuzzy set theory is applied in modelling the possibility of protective device operation based on customer trouble calls, taking into account device location in the distribution network protection schema, and other factors such as adverse weather conditions or lightning strikes. The developed fuzzy set based outage determination procedure is implemented in an industrial grade, commercially available product. Testing against other conventional methods has proven this outage determination procedure to be consistently more accurate.
Sensitivity of the Game Control of Ship in Collision Situations

Abstract The paper introduces the application of the theory of deterministic sensitivity control systems for sensitivity analysis taking place in game control systems of moving objects, such as ships. The sensitivity of parametric model of game ship control process and game control in collision situations - sensitivity to changes in its parameters have been presented. First-order and k-th order sensitivity functions of parametric model of the process and game control are described. The structure of the game ship control system in collision situations and the mathematical model of game control process in the form of state equations are given. Characteristics of sensitivity functions of the model and game ship control process on the base of computer simulation in Matlab/Simulink software have been presented. At the end are given proposals regarding the use of sensitivity analysis to practical synthesis of computer-aided system navigator in potential collision situations.
Wave method for structural system identification and health monitoring of buildings based on layered shear beam model

Monitoring the integrity of a building based on instrumental data and detecting damage during or soon after an earthquake or some other natural or manmade disaster may significantly reduce loss of life and injuries caused by potential collapse of a weakened structure during shaking from aftershocks and facilitate emergency response in large cities. Likewise, it would help prevent or reduce loss of function of critical facilities and monetary losses caused by needless evacuation of a structure that is safe. This dissertation presents a wave method for structural system identification and structural health monitoring (SHM) of high-rise buildings. The method is robust when applied to real structures and large amplitude response, and is not sensitive to the properties of the underlying soil and its changes. It is intended for use in seismic alert systems as well as for general condition monitoring. The method uses data from an array of accelerometers, identifying the velocities of waves propagating vertically through the structure, and detects changes in these velocities, possibly caused by damage. The identification is based on fitting a layered shear beam model of the buildings, such that the layers correspond, in general, to a group of floors. The fitting involves matching propagating pulses in impulse response functions computed at different levels in the building. Three identification algorithms are presented: 1) the direct (ray) algorithm, which is based on reading the pulse arrival time, 2) the time shift matching algorithm, which is an iterative version of the direct algorithm, and 3) the waveform inversion algorithm, which involves nonlinear least squares (LSQ) fit of the pulses as waveforms over a selected time interval. The latter is extended to an automated moving window analysis, i.e. time-velocity analysis, for detecting changes during an earthquake. Detailed applications of the method are presented for three full-scale buildings: (1) a typically instrumented tall steel building during six earthquakes over a period of 19 years, none of which caused damage (Los Angeles 54-story Office Building), (2) a densely instrumented high-
Simulation of multiply connected current-voltage characteristics in charge injection transistors

Mappings of I-V space for charge injection transistors are obtained from device simulations. Using transport models which self-consistently incorporate electron energy and real-space transfer (RST) currents over heterostructure interfaces, multiply connected, self-intersecting I-V curves are obtained through the use of predictor-corrector continuation. These complex phase mappings help explain experimentally observed nonlinearities and suggest new regimes of device operation and application. The analysis suggests that the loops and folds in I-V space, which cannot be continuously traced in measurements (or conventional simulations), are responsible for the nonlinear steps observed after the onset of RST in experiments. These results can be reproduced qualitatively by any transport model which incorporates RST self-consistently. <<ETX>>
A new study of the junction leakage current due to 45/spl deg/-off active pattern after LOCOS process

Influence of LOCOS process induced stress on junction leakage current is studied. The junction leakage current increases with increasing field oxide and Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ film thickness. Furthermore the junction leakage current depends on active pattern direction. From evaluation of resolve shear stress for glide direction, the junction leakage current at the active edge inclined 45/spl deg/ to orientation flat is affected by shear stress more than that at active edge perpendicular to the flat. Origin of the junction leakage current is generation center produced by the shear stress. <<ETX>>
Flame Stabilization and Emission Characteristics of a Prototype Gas Turbine Burner at Atmospheric Conditions

In the present work, a downscaled prototype 4th generation Dry Low Emission gas turbine (SGT-750) burner (designed and manufactured by Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB, Sweden) was investigated using an atmospheric experimental facility. The primary purpose of the research is to analyze flame stability and emission capability of the burner. OH Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (OH-PLIF), and chemiluminescence imaging were performed to characterize the flame structure and location. From the OH-PLIF images, the reaction zone and post flame region could be identified clearly. The chemiluminescence images provide an estimation of the overall heat release from the secondary combustion zone inside the Quarl. Emission was measured using a water-cooled emission probe, placed at the exit of the combustor to sample NOx and CO concentrations. The global equivalence ratio (φ) was varied from rich to lean limit (flame temperature change from 1950 K to 1570 K) for understanding the stable and instable reaction zones inside the Quarl. Total thermal power was varied from 70 kW to 140 kW by changing global φ and burner throat velocity (60 to 80 m/s). Near the lean blowout (LBO) event (at global φ ∼ 0.4), instability of reaction zone is revealed from the flame images. Incorrect modulation of Pilot and RPL fuel splits show instable flame. Flame instability mitigation was possible using higher amount of RPL and Pilot fuel (trade-off with emission performance). The main flame LBO margin was extended by applying higher Pilot fuel and using higher preheat air temperature. Numerical analysis was carried out using Fluent to understand the scalar and vector fields. A basic chemical reactor network model was developed to predict the NOx and CO emission with experimental results. NOx emission prediction showed good agreement with experiment; whereas the model is failed to capture accurate CO emission in the lean operating points.
Miniaturised quadrature hybrid coupler using modified T-shaped transmission line for wide-range harmonic suppression

In this study, a novel modified T-shaped transmission line, comprised of a transmission line centre tapped with open stub and parallel open stubs is proposed to reduce the size and suppress the unwanted harmonics of branch line coupler (BLC), to a great extent. The low impedance open-stub limitation of traditional T-shaped unit is rectified by the proposed unit for extended harmonic suppression of BLC. Besides, the 35.35 and 50 Ω quarter wavelength transmission lines of the BLC are reduced to 39.6° and 37.8°, respectively. Lossless transmission line model analysis is used to derive the design equations and graphs. To validate the proposed approach, a prototype operating at 0.9 GHz is fabricated. The proposed BLC size is 74% smaller than the conventional one and exhibits a wide-range harmonic suppression of up to at least eighth harmonic.
The mathematical model of the thick steel sheet flattening on the twelve-roller sheet-straightening machine. Message 1. Curvature of sheet

The mathematical method for the determining of the optimal technological parameters of the cold straightening of the thick steel sheet on the twelve-rolled sheet-straightening machine is proposed. The calculations allow us to determine the type and the curvature of the neutral line of the steel sheet under the straightening depending on the rolls’ radius, the pitch between the straightening machines’ working rolls, the magnitude of the sheet reduction by the upper rollers, the sheet thickness, as well as the elastic modulus, the yield stress and the hardening modulus of the sheet metal. The results of the research can be used at the metallurgical plants. 1 National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow, Russia E-mail: shinkin-korolev@yandex.ru Fig. 1. The multi-roller straightening machine by SMS Siemag © SHINKIN V. N. , 2016 Fig. 2. The sheet flattening in the twelve-roller straightening machine CIS Iron and Steel Review — Vol. 12 (2016), p. 37–40 38 and yield strength, R be the radius of the working rollers, i be the angles of the contact points of rollers with the steel sheet (i = 1 . 12), t be the step of the lower working rollers, R0 = R + h/2, i = 1/ i and i be the sheet’s curvature and the radii of sheet’s curvature at the contact points of rollers with the steel sheet, h be the sheet’s thickness (fig. 3). The mathematical equation for the calculations of the sheet’s curvature at the points of the sheet’s contact with the working rollers have the form First and second rollers:
DAILY RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELLING BY NEURAL NETWORKS IN SEMI-ARID ZONE “Case of Wadi Ouahrane’s basin”

This research work will allow checking efficiency of formal neural networks for flows’ modelling of wadi Ouahrane’s basin from rainfall-runoff relation which is non-linear. Two models of neural networks were optimized through supervised learning and compared in order to achieve this goal, the first model with input rain, and the second one with rain and input ETP. These neuronal models were compared with another overall model, the GR4j model. Then, it has been optimized and compared with the three first models, a third model of neural network with rain, ETP and soil moisture (calculated by the model GR4j) input. The neuronal models were optimized with algorithm of Levenberg Marquarld (LM), while the GR4j model was optimized with SCE-UA method. The Nash criterion (%) and the correlation coefficient of Pearson (R) allowed appreciating performances of these models. Keywords: modeling; neural network; supervised learning; algorithm of Levenberg Marquarld; GR4J
The Roles of Moral Disengagement and Learned Helplessness Towards International Postgraduate Students’ Academic Procrastination

Objective Supervisors play an important role in international postgraduate students’ academic performance, their insufficient guidance and supervision are the main antecedents for international postgraduate students’ academic procrastination. Meanwhile, international postgraduate students’ disengagement tendency and learned helplessness in dealing with supervisor’s moral disengagement will significantly affect their academic choices and outcomes. Methods Based on self-determination theory, this research distributed 350 questionnaires through two-stage time-lagged method and 266 valid questionnaires were recovered. Hierarchical regression analysis examined the direct effect of supervisor’ moral disengagement on international postgraduate students’ academic procrastination, as well as the moderating effect of international postgraduate students’ moral disengagement and learned helplessness. Results The results indicated that 1) supervisor’s moral disengagement significantly predicts international postgraduate students’ academic procrastination, 2) international postgraduate students’ moral disengagement and learned helplessness positively moderate the above relation, and 3) international postgraduate students’ learned helplessness positively moderates the moderating effect of international postgraduate students’ moral disengagement. Conclusion This study revealed the antecedents and conditions of international postgraduate students’ academic procrastination, which enriched the theoretical connotation and practical application of self-determination theory in the field of international postgraduate students’ education.
A Strategy to Enhance Confidence in Respiratory Chemoreflex Characterization by Modified Rebreathing

Modelling breath‐by‐breath ventilation (V̇E) in response to carbon dioxide rebreathing in hyperoxic and hypoxic conditions (modified rebreathing) is used to characterize the central and peripheral respiratory chemoreflexes in humans. However, breath‐to‐breath variability produces uncertainty in the estimation of model parameters. We explored whether signal‐averaging of repeated rebreathing trials would improve chemoreflex sensitivity parameter estimation and confidence. Seven healthy males (age: 27±5 years) performed 6 repetitions of modified rebreathing tests in isoxic‐hypoxic (end‐tidal PO2 (PETO2)=50 mmHg) and ‐hyperoxic conditions (PETO2=150 mmHg) over the course of 4 days. End‐tidal PCO2 (PETCO2), PETO2 and V̇E were measured breath‐by‐breath by dual gas analyser and pneumotach. The slope of the V̇E vs PETCO2 relationship above the PETCO2 threshold in the hyperoxic test gave the central chemoreflex sensitivity (L∙min‐1∙mmHg‐1) and the difference in hypoxic versus hyperoxic test slopes provided peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity. Chemoreflex slopes modelled from a single trial versus ensemble‐average of 6 trials were compared by paired t‐test and effect size (Cohen’s d). Breath‐by‐breath data from the 6 trials were aligned to the same starting PETCO2, linearly interpolated to 0.1 mmHg of PETCO2, ensemble‐averaged, and averaged into 0.2 mmHg bins. Central chemoreflex sensitivity did not differ (p=0.94) between single (4.10±2.98 L∙min‐1∙mmHg‐1, 95%CI: 3.82–4.39) versus ensemble‐averaged data (4.13±2.14 L∙min‐1∙mmHg‐1, 95%CI: 3.99–4.27) but the 95%CI was reduced (p=0.031) by 0.29 L∙min‐1∙mmHg‐1 (effect size=1.5) with the ensemble‐averaged approach. Similarly, peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity did not differ (p=0.83) between single (1.69±1.14 L∙min‐1∙mmHg‐1, 95%CI: 1.54–1.84) versus ensemble‐averaged data (1.58±1.32 L∙min‐1∙mmHg‐1, 95%CI: 1.5 –1.66); 95%CI of the ensemble‐averaged data was 0.15 L∙min‐1∙mmHg‐1 lower than a single trial but this was not different (p=0.38; effect size=0.5). Signal averaging of multiple modified rebreathing trials reduces the confidence interval of respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity. This strategy could enhance the ability to detect differences in respiratory chemoreflex control in comparative or interventional studies where modified rebreathing is used.
The interpretation and implications of the Knutson et al. 2020 projections of changes in the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones under climate change

A recent meta‐study presented distributions of the possible impacts of climate change on the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones for the six main tropical cyclone basins, summarizing many previous studies. However, it is not obvious how to interpret the distributions given in the meta‐study. I describe algorithms that can be used to interpret the changes in frequency and intensity in a mutually consistent way. I then investigate the nature of the relationships between the changes in frequency and intensity and find that the intensity changes are just a different way of looking at the information provided by the changes in frequency. The mean of the mean intensity distribution increases in all basins. In some basins this increase is associated mostly with an increasing frequency of the most intense tropical cyclones, while in other basins it is associated mostly with a decreasing frequency of less intense tropical cyclones. I consider the implications for a simple measure of risk that combines changes in frequency and intensity, and find that the most extreme risks increase for five out of six of the basins using this measure. The results of this study can be used to produce mutually consistent simulations of changes in tropical cyclone frequency and intensity. These can be used for further analysis of the effects of climate change on tropical cyclones. However, the results come with the major caveat that there are many uncertainties in the inputs and in the various steps of analysis. Finally, I give recommendations for which metrics could usefully be extracted from climate models in future studies of tropical cyclones under climate change to help with interpretation and impacts studies.
Satellite In-Orbit Secondary Collision Risk Assessment

The massive mega constellation of satellites will have a significant impact on global space safety. With Starlink as an example, this paper is aimed at assessing the risk of in-orbit collision, analyzing the probability of collision in orbit in its natural operating state, and forecasting the probability of secondary collision between the collision-generated short-term debris cloud and satellites in the same orbit. The mass, size, velocity, and direction of space debris in a particular orbit of Starlink satellite are calculated based on the MASTER-8 model, and the shape characteristics of the Starlink satellite are added to the model to determine the probability of a Starlink satellite colliding with space debris in that orbit. A modified spacecraft impact disintegration model then is used to calculate the collision results and estimate the collision threat level of the short-term debris cloud formed by the Starlink satellite after its destruction to satellites in the same orbit. The results indicate that the collision probability of Starlink satellite in orbit natural operation exceeds the red warning threshold 10-4 that the satellite disintegration after the first collision will generate 14088 pieces of debris over 1 cm, of which 4092 debris are potentially dangerous to other spacecraft, and that the collision probability to a satellite in the same orbit exceeds the red warning threshold of 10-4 within 30 minutes, implying that collision avoidance needs to be improved.
Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Micranthes melanocentra (Saxifragaceae)

Abstract The phylogenetic relationships among Micranthes taxa remain unclear due to their diversification. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome of Micranthes melanocentra obtained using high-throughput sequencing technology to provide genomic information for phylogenetic analyses. The plastome is 155,317 bp, with a large single-copy region (LSC) of 86,784 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 18,007 bp, and a pair of 25,263 bp inverted repeat regions (IRs). The genome contains 132 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 1 pseudogene. The GC content of the plastome is 37.9%; corresponding values in the LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 36.1%, 31.9%, and 43.3%, respectively. The phylogenetic tree supports the separation of Micranthes from Saxifraga s.l.
Novel Antibody–Peptide Binding Assay Indicates Presence of Immunoglobulins against EGFR Phospho-Site S1166 in High-Grade Glioma

We investigated the feasibility of detecting the presence of specific autoantibodies against potential tumor-associated peptide antigens by enriching these antibody–peptide complexes using Melon Gel resin and mass spectrometry. Our goal was to find tumor-associated phospho-sites that trigger immunoreactions and raise autoantibodies that are detectable in plasma of glioma patients. Such immunoglobulins can potentially be used as targets in immunotherapy. To that aim, we describe a method to detect the presence of antibodies in biological samples that are specific to selected clinically relevant peptides. The method is based on the formation of antibody–peptide complexes by mixing patient plasma with a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) derived peptide library, enrichment of antibodies and antibody–peptide complexes, the separation of peptides after they are released from immunoglobulins by molecular weight filtration and finally mass spectrometric quantification of these peptides. As proof of concept, we successfully applied the method to dinitrophenyl (DNP)-labeled α-casein peptides mixed with anti-DNP. Further, we incubated human plasma with a phospho-peptide library and conducted targeted analysis on EGFR and GFAP phospho-peptides. As a result, immunoaffinity against phospho-peptide GSHQIS[+80]LDNPDYQQDFFPK (EGFR phospho-site S1166) was detected in high-grade glioma (HGG) patient plasma but not in healthy donor plasma. For the GFAP phospho-sites selected, such immunoaffinity was not observed.
Disentangling the components of coastal fish biodiversity in southern Brittany by applying an environmental
 DNA
 approach

The global biodiversity crisis from anthropogenic activities significantly weakens the functioning of marine ecosystems and jeopardizes their ecosystem services. Increasing monitoring of marine ecosystems is crucial to understand the breadth of the changes in biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and propose more effective conservation strategies. Such strategies should not only focus on maximizing the number of species (i.e., taxonomic diversity) but also the diversity of phylogenetic histories and ecological functions within communities. To support future conservation decisions, multicomponent biodiversity monitoring can be combined with high- throughput species assemblage detection methods such as environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. Here, we used eDNA to assess fish biodiversity along the coast of southern Brittany (France, Iroise Sea). We filtered surface marine water from 17 sampling stations and applied an eDNA metabarcoding approach targeting Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii taxa. We documented three complementary biodiversity components— taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity— and three diversity facets— richness, divergence and regularity. We identified a north/south contrast with higher diversity for the three facets of the biodiversity components in the northern part of the study area. The northern communities showed higher species richness, stronger phylogenetic overdispersion and lower functional clustering compared to the ones in the southern part, due to the higher diversity of habitats (reefs, rocky shores) and restricted access for fishing. Moreover, we also detected a higher level of taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional uniqueness in many offshore stations compared to more coastal ones, with the presence of species typically living at greater depths ( > 300 m), which suggests an influence of hydrodynamic structures and currents on eDNA dispersion and hence sample composition. eDNA metabarcoding can, therefore, be used as an efficient sampling method to reveal fine- scale community compositions and in combination with functional and phylogenetic information to document multicomponent biodiversity gradients in coastal marine systems.