Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NADPH oxidase mediates oxidative stress in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine model of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of uncertain pathogenesis characterized by a loss of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) dopaminergic (DA) neurons, and can be modeled by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Both inflammatory processes and oxidative stress may contribute to MPTP- and PD-related neurodegeneration. However, whether inflammation may cause oxidative damage in MPTP and PD is unknown. Here we show that NADPH-oxidase, the main reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing enzyme during inflammation, is up-regulated in SNpc of human PD and MPTP mice. These changes coincide with the local production of ROS, microglial activation, and DA neuronal loss seen after MPTP injections. Mutant mice defective in NADPH-oxidase exhibit less SNpc DA neuronal loss and protein oxidation than their WT littermates after MPTP injections. We show that extracellular ROS are a main determinant in inflammation-mediated DA neurotoxicity in the MPTP model of PD. This study supports a critical role for NADPH-oxidase in the pathogenesis of PD and suggests that targeting this enzyme or enhancing extracellular antioxidants may provide novel therapies for PD.
Vascular Responsiveness to Brachial Artery Infusions of Phenylephrine During Isoflurane and Desflurane Anesthesia

Compared with equi-minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) isoflurane, desflurane is associated with greater levels of sympathetic nerve activity in humans but similar reductions in blood pressure. To explore these divergent effects, we evaluated vascular &agr;1-adrenoceptor responses in the human forearm during isoflurane and desflurane anesthesia to determine if &agr;1-adrenoceptor responses were more substantially attenuated during desflurane administration. Bilateral forearm venous occlusion plethysmography was used to examine arterial blood flow and to determine changes in forearm vascular resistance during brachial artery infusions of saline and phenylephrine (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 &mgr;g/min) in 22 conscious subjects and during anesthesia with 0.65 and 1.3 MAC isoflurane or desflurane. Infusion of phenylephrine into the brachial artery increased the forearm vascular resistance in a dose-dependent manner. The arterial response to phenylephrine was significantly attenuated by 0.65 and 1.3 MAC desflurane and similarly attenuated during 1.3 MAC isoflurane (P < 0.05). Impaired arterial &agr;1-adrenoceptor responsiveness occurred during desflurane. However, this effect was statistically similar (P > 0.05) to the impaired responses during isoflurane. Blood pressure decreases during volatile anesthesia may be, in part, caused by decreased &agr;1-adrenoceptor responsiveness.
Cancer Classification Using Neural Network

Naturally, cells in human body grow and divide in a controlled way to produce more cells to maintain health. Cancer affects human body when abnormal cells divide without control and becomes able to invade other tissues. The genetic material (DNA) of these cells becomes damaged or changed that affects normal cell growth and division. Early diagnosis is of considerable significance of the physician's skills conducted based on their knowledge and experience yet an error might occur. A range of therapies have been provided by researchers already. Use of various Artificial Intelligence methods for medical diagnosis of diseases has recently become widespread. These intelligent systems help physicians as a diagnosis assistant. Now, various Artificial Neural Network, Rough Set, Decision Tree, Bayesian Network are very popular for this purpose. In this paper, Multi layer Feed Forward Neural Network was used to detect cancer from Microarray Data and UCI Machine Learning Data. Back Propagation Rule was used for training the model. Throughout this paper, two types of validations were performed: cross validation and new case testing for above two datasets with different combination of hidden layers and corresponding nodes. It was found that, NN model can classify the data with very good accuracy and this will lead to automated medical diagnosis system for the particular disease.
The Use of Self-Assessment in Pre-clinical Dental Education as a Learning Modality

The use of self-assessment in undergraduate dental and medical curriculum has become more accepted as a teaching modality in the past decade. The ability to selfassess is a critical skill that all health professionals must be able to do, in order to achieve competence. Brown et al (1997) states that one’s ability to self-assess one’s competence
A Comparison of Risk Factors for Preterm Labor and Term Small‐for‐Gestational‐Age Birth

&NA; This study estimates the effects of 23 factors on the prevalence of premature labor and fetal growth retardation across the entire birthweight spectrum. We studied risk factors for premature labor within the domain of babies of appropriate size for their gestational age (N = 9,490). We also studied risk factors for fetal growth retardation among babies born at term (N = 10,889). Preterm labor was associated independently with young maternal age, low prepregnant weight, low weekly weight gain, nulliparity, previous preterm birth, histories of two or more induced abortions, spontaneous abortions, or stillbirths, uterine exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES), incompetent cervix, uterine anomaly, and pyelonephritis. Odds ratios ranged from 1.7 to 5.9. Fetal growth retardation, as estimated by small‐for‐gestational‐age birth, was associated independently with black race, young maternal age, short maternal height, low prepregnancy weight, low weekly weight gain, and smoking, as well as nulliparity, previous preterm birth, three or more abortions, uterine anomaly, and uterine exposure to DES. Odds ratios ranged from 1.6 to 2.8. Our study shows the importance for etiologic understanding of separating diverse routes to low birthweight and considering the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes along the entire birthweight spectrum. The findings reinforce the need for comprehensive control of confounding in studies of pregnancy outcome.
Ribavirin aerosol treatment of bronchiolitis associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants.

In a double-blind study, bronchiolitis associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 12 randomly selected patients treated with ribavirin aerosol improved more rapidly than in 14 control patients given saline aerosol (P = .044, Wilcoxon rank sum test, two-tailed). An estimated 10 mg of ribavirin per kilogram of body weight was administered in daily 12-hour treatments over a five-day period. Respiratory syncytial virus disappeared from secretions at about the same rate in treated and control patients. There was no local or systemic intolerance, and there was no evidence of hematologic or other organ toxicity in the ribavirin-treated patients.
The nucleotide sequence of the 5S ribosomal RNA of Actinia equina and Sepia officinalis.

5S rRNA was prepared (1) from whole tissue of the sea anemone Actinia equina (phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa) and from the liver and from muscle tissue of the squid Sepia officinalis (phylum Mollusca, class Cephalopoda). The 5S RNAs were labeled at the 3'-terminus by ligation of [5'-32P]pCp and the sequences were derived mainly by partial chemical degradation (2). Where necessary, the sequences were confirmed by partial nuclease degradation (3) and the 5'-end group identified by HPLC of unlabeled RNA (4). In the case of the squid, identical structures were found for liver and muscle 5S RNA. The following sequences were derived.
Termination analysis of programs over the set of intervals

The termination problem of simple while program: While (constraints) {updates} is undecidable in general. Sometimes it can be decided by computing fixed point of nonlinear updating function. For some loops which cannot be determined by fixed point, we transformed them into loops whose termination problem can be determined by periodic orbit of the updating function. The case that termination problem can be determined by existence of fixed point is a special case of our result.
Nonlinear redesign of vibration energy harvester: Linear operation test and nonlinear simulation of extended bandwidth

This paper deals with vibration energy harvesting tests and measurements in lab conditions and subsequent redesign of tunable parameters. The presented device generates electrical energy from ambient mechanical vibrations, which occur in potential engineering applications. This device could be used for autonomous powering of wireless sensors with the average power consumption in the range of several mW. The presented device harvests maximal electrical power in resonance operation, which is tuned by the seismic mass and the stiffness ratio. The stiffness element, which is based on the magnetic force of repelling rare earth magnets, is used for tuning up of the resonance operation. The linear system harvests electrical energy only in narrow bandwidth of the tuned frequency. The ways of improving the amount of harvested electrical energy in wider frequency range are observed during nonlinear operation. The corrected harvesting system positioning in the principal direction of the excitation acceleration and the nonlinear redesign of the energy harvesting system with extended frequency bandwidth are presented in this paper.
Priority Flow Control : Build Reliable Layer 2 Infrastructure

This document describes priority flow control (PFC), one of the functions of IEEE 802.1 Data Center Bridging, introduced to address reliability at Layer 2 on the Ethernet medium. PFC enables lossless semantics for a subset of the Layer 2 flows carried on an Ethernet segment. The subset of flows subject to the lossless semantics is identified by the IEEE 802.1p class of service (CoS) information found in the IEEE 802.1Q tags. PFC is currently being defined in the IEEE 802.1Qbb workgroup. Although the Cisco ® proposal for PFC has not achieved standards status yet, a significant number of vendors have embraced the frame format proposed by Cisco, and therefore PFC implementations can be deployed today without risk of future incompatibility in that respect. PFC is an important requirement for enabling Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) for storage consolidation, and this document describes how the Cisco Nexus TM 5000 Series Switches use PFC to build a lossless Layer 2 medium for FCoE.
Mutibody modelization of a biped robot

The present work develops a multibody dynamical model of a planar biped robot called Rabbit, the same that considers external forces which act at the moment of the ground-feet contact. Moreover, the ground-feet contact forces where modeled. The multibody dynamical model of Rabbit was implemented in Robotran, software that generated symbolic files of the dynamical equations of the model in Matlab syntax. These dynamical equations and the ground-feet contact external forces were implemented in a Simulink model for simulation purposes. The model was validated though a Simulink implementation of the torque generator and control blocks of the real robot. The results showed that the model required adequate torques, which must be generated on the basis of designed trajectories, assuring the dynamical stability of the gait. In addition to this, the adequate frictional forces acting on the feet of the model proved to prevent the robot from slipping on the walking surface and falling. In conclusion, for achieving a stable gait, an adequate dynamic model that assures stability is not only necessary, but a correct design that could be fitted for the torque generator of the real robot is necessary as well.
Do Police Reduce Crime ? Estimates Using the Allocation of Police Forces After a Terrorist Attack

An important challenge in the crime literature is to isolate causal effects of police on crime. Following a terrorist attack on the main Jewish center in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in July 1994, all Jewish institutions received police protection. Thus, this hideous event induced a geographical allocation of police forces that can be presumed exogenous in a crime regression. Using data on the location of car thefts before and after the attack, we  nd a large deterrent effect of observable police on crime. The effect is local, with no appreciable impact outside the narrow area in which the police are deployed. (JEL K42)
Responses of salivary cortisol levels to stress-situations.

A procedure is described for determining salivary cortisol levels by a competitive protein-binding assay using horse transcortin. The collection of saliva was performed by means of filter paper-strips. Filter paper samples are more than 5 days stable after air-drying. In this form, the samples could be stored without refrigerator or deep-freezer and, if necessary, sent by post to the laboratory without any special precaution. Stressful situation of either painful or anxious origin were associated with an adequate increase of salivary cortisol levels. The increases were 157 to 230% of the initial or normal values dependent on the kind of stress. The mean values in 4 cases of Cushing's syndrome were 380% and 1 hour after 25 I.U. ACTH 690% higher than those in normal persons. In normal persons, a well-defined circadian rhythm has been observed.
OK432-Activated Human Dendritic Cells Kill Tumor Cells via CD40/CD40 Ligand Interactions1

In vivo, dendritic cells (DC) are programmed to orchestrate innate and adaptive immunity in response to pathogen-derived “danger” signals. Under particular circumstances, DC can also be directly cytotoxic against tumor cells, potentially allowing them to release tumor associated Ags from dying cells and then prime antitumor immunity against them. In this study, we describe the innate characteristics of DC (OK-DC) generated in vitro after exposure of immature human myeloid-derived DC to OK432, a penicillin-inactivated and lyophilized preparation of Streptococcus pyrogenes. OK-DC produced proinflammatory cytokines, stimulated autologous T cell proliferation and IFN-γ secretion, expressed CCR7, and migrated in response to MIP-3β. Moreover, OK-DC displayed strong, specific cytotoxicity toward tumor cell targets. This cytotoxicity was associated with novel, OK432-induced up-regulation of CD40L on the cell surface of OK-DC, and was absolutely dependent on expression of CD40 on the tumor targets. These data demonstrate that maturation of human DC with OK432, an adjuvant suitable for clinical use, induces direct tumor cell killing by DC, and describes a novel CD40/CD40L-mediated mechanism for specific DC antitumor cytotoxicity.
LOW CREATININE: THE DIAGNOSTIC CLUE FOR A TREATABLE NEUROLOGIC DISORDER

A 22-month-old boy was referred for further evaluation of muscular hypotonia and mild psychomotor developmental delay. He was born as the second child to healthy, distantly related Caucasian parents following an uneventful pregnancy. The family history was not contributory. Routine neonatal screening for guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency was done in this child, who was found to have a mildly elevated guanidinoacetate (GAA) level in the dry blood filter card on the fifth day of life. When recalled, his urinary GAA levels in a first sample were marginally elevated but were within normal limits in a second specimen. The likelihood of GAMT deficiency was considered to be low, although it is well known that false negative results may occur in neonatal screening programs. His neonatal period and early infancy were uneventful until a mild delay in his motor and speech development was noted at 6 months of age. Extensive workup including metabolic testing and MRI in a peripheral hospital revealed no abnormalities, although his serum …
Process performance evaluation based on Taguchi capability index with the consideration of measurement errors

Most research works related to process capability analysis are carried out under the assumption of no gauge measurement errors. Unfortunately, such an assumption does not adequately accommodate real-world situations even with modern, highly sophisticated measuring instruments and devices. Estimating and testing process capability without considering gauge measurement errors may often lead to unreliable decisions. Thus, how to accurately measure process performance in the presence of measurement errors becomes a critical and essential task. This article applies the concept of generalised confidence intervals to evaluate process performance based on Taguchi capability index Cpm with the consideration of measurement errors. To investigate the performance of the proposed method, a series of simulations was undertaken. A sensitivity study on the effects of ignoring measurement errors was also carried out. The results reveal that the proposed method performs very well for evaluating process performance when measurement errors are present or not.
In vitro immortalization of marmoset cells with three subgroups of herpesvirus saimiri

Sequences within the rightmost 7 kilobases of the unique L DNA of herpesvirus saimiri are required for oncogenicity of the virus. The same DNA region has been found to be highly variable among different strains of herpesvirus saimiri. On the basis of this variability, herpesvirus saimiri strains were classified into groups A, B, and non-A, non-B. Herpesvirus saimiri strains representing the three groups were used successfully for in vitro immortalization of phytohemagglutinin-activated, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-expanded peripheral blood lymphocytes of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Peripheral blood leukocytes could be immortalized from only a subset of common marmosets (5 of 13). All of the immortalized cell lines contained covalently closed circular viral DNA molecules and initially showed a low level of virus production. Cells immortalized by group A and group non-A, non-B strains did not require IL-2 in the medium. However, the only group B immortalized cell line, 473-SMHI, did not grow well in the absence of IL-2. The different characteristics of cell lines immortalized by herpesvirus saimiri strains belonging to different groups may help to elucidate some functions coded by the highly variable DNA region which is involved in the oncogenic process.
Detection of Benzoic Acid by an Amperometric Inhibitor Biosensor Based on Mushroom Tissue Homogenate

Summary An amperometric benzoic acid-sensing inhibitor biosensor was prepared by immobi- lizing mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) tissue homogenate on a Clark-type oxygen electrode. The effects of the quantity of mushroom tissue homogenate, the quantity of gelatin and the effect of the crosslinking agent glutaraldehyde percent on the biosensor were studied. The optimum concentration of phenol used as substrate was 200 M. The bioanalytical properties of the proposed biosensor, such as dependence of the biosensor response on the pH value and the temperature, were investigated. The biosensor responded linearly to benzoic acid in a concentration range of 25-100 M. Standard deviation (s.d.) was ±0.49 M for 7 successive determinations at a concentration of 75 M. The inhibitor biosensor based on mushroom tissue homogenate was applied for the determination of benzoic acid in fizzy lemonade, some fruits and groundwater samples. Results were compared to those obtained using AOAC method, showing a good agreement.
Involvement of retrotransposon L1 in stemness and cellular plasticity

Abstract Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as the reverse process, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) is important during embryogenesis. EMT is also involved in cancer invasion and metastasis, and can generate cells with properties similar to those of stem cells. Retrotransposons can rearrange the genome by inserting DNA in new loci, thus inducing mutations. This study examines the gene expression of transcription factors involved in EMT and MET. In the second experimental panel, the gene expression of L1 retrotransposon was studied. L1-open reading frame (ORF) 2 mRNA was found to be expressed both in cancer and cancer stem cells, while L1-ORF1 mRNA was expressed only in cancer cells. The suppression of L1-ORF2 gene expression demonstrated that this retrotransposon might affect EMT in colon cancer stem cells. This study highlights that the EMT process seems to differ between cancer cells and cancer stem cells, and that transposable elements seem to be involved in the process, influencing cellular plasticity.
Analyze of current control strategy based on vector control for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generator in wind power system

The main control strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(PMSG) in wind power system is vector control rather than Direct Torque Control(DTC) or Direct Power Control(DPC). This paper do detail job to analyze the custom PMSG vector control strategy, point out characteristics for each current control scheme, expatiated on restrictions of generator side converter control. Based on improve efficiency, and maximize generator speed for Maximum Power Point Track(MPPT), a suitable current control strategy for PMSG in wind power system is designed. Also a simple Unit Power Factor(UPF) control method is implemented to improve capability of converter. At last, the designed scheme is verified by simulation.
Tracking-Vgs: A Temperature Compensation Technique to Implement all-MOS Reference Voltages

A novel temperature compensation technique to implement reference voltages in CMOS circuits is described, starting from the theoretical basis up to results obtained from experimental verification of a test circuit. The proposed technique is based on the fact that, since the V GS voltage of a MOS transistor can either increase or decrease with increasing temperature depending on the operating channel current ID, a voltage with amplitude nVGS produced by a stack of n transistors can feature the same rate of change with the temperature as the VGS of a single transistor, provided the single transistor and the stack of n transistors are biased each with the appropriate channel currents. In such conditions, the difference between the two voltages is constant. An alternative to produce the mentioned nVGS voltage, instead of a stack of n transistors, is a floating gate transistor, whose equivalent VGS voltage can be adjusted by depositing charges in its floating gate. This is actually the preferred implementation of the proposed technique cause it adds the benefit of adjusting infield the amplitude of the reference voltage. Samples of a test circuit were fabricated in 0.35mum CMOS aiming at to validate the technique. Results have confirmed what was expected from the proposed technique: Measured from - 40 to 120degC the circuits have shown a temperature coefficient of circa 100ppm/%deg;C. While the insensitivity to the temperature obtained from the implemented reference voltage has not exceeded the current state of the art, which is about 1ppm/degC, the proposed technique contributes to the implementation of reference voltages that use only MOS transistors and that feature in-field adjustment