Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Who Are the Visitors of Forest Park Grmoščica and What Are Their Needs? Results of Quantitative Exploratory Survey

Forest Park Grmoščica is an important part of urban green infrastructure for the citizens of the western part of the city of Zagreb. To enhance the quality of management of the forest park to the satisfaction of its daily users, it is important to know their socio-demographic characteristics, visiting behaviour, recreational activities, as well as their perception of the forest park. The survey for users of the Forest Park Grmoščica was developed within the INTERREG DANUBE’s URBforDAN project. It was filled out by visitors of the forest park using on-site face-to-face method and was also available online. The results of the survey provided information about the users of the Forest Park Grmoščica, their socio-demographic data, visiting habits and perception. Also, the typology of users was given depending on the activities they undertake in the forest park (cyclists, joggers, visitors who spend time in Forest Park Grmoščica with their families, and pet walkers) and their main characteristics. The obtained data can improve the management of the Forest Park Grmoščica in such a way that it fulfils its social and ecological function and is adapted to the needs of its users.
A calorimetric and statistical mechanics study of ammonia adsorption in zeolite NaY

Adsorption isotherms and differential heats of adsorption of water in the zeolites NaY and NaY(Br) were measured at 303 K. The latter zeolite was obtained from NaY by introducing NaBr into the β-cages thus rendering them impenetrable to water molecules.The results obtained lead to the conclusion that initially water is accomodated in the small β-cages up to 4 H2O/cage before adsorption in the large supercages sets in and proceeds to a maximum of 26 H2O/supercage. The experimentally obtained adsorption and heat data for water in both types of cages can be quantitatively reproduced on the basis of the statistical-mechanical concept of independent subsystems which are identified with the β-cages and, on the other hand, with the supercage-Na+ ions. For each of the one-to-four H2O/β-cage units and each of the monomeric to hexameric H2O/Na+ ion clusters residing in the supercages, the partition functions and energetic quantities such as the energies of formation and of successive addition as well as entropies are evaluated. Potential energies of the oligomeric clusters are estimated. The data for the zeolite water/cation clusters are compared with experimental and theoretical (ab initio) results of free (gaseous phase) water/cation clusters available in the literature.
Can Road Toll Convince Car Travelers to Adjust Their Departure Times? Accounting for the Effect of Choice Behavior under Long and Short Holidays

The adjustment of road toll is an important measure that can alleviate road traffic congestion by convincing car travelers to travel during off-peak times. In order to reduce congestion on the expressway on the first day of a holiday, factors that affect the departure times of holiday travelers must be comprehensively understood to determine the best strategy to persuade car travelers to avoid peak travel times. This paper takes holiday car travelers as the research object and explores the characteristics and rules of departure time choice behavior for different holiday lengths. Based on Utility Maximization Theory, a multinomial logit (MNL) model of departure time choice for a three-day short holiday and a seven-day long holiday was established. Model calibration and elastic analysis were carried out using Revealed Preference/Stated Preference (RP/SP) survey data. Additionally, the influence of the highway toll policy on departure times for long and short holidays was analyzed. The results show that the rate of first-day departures is much higher than that of other departure times for both short and long vacations under the current policy of free holiday passage on highways. Factors such as trip duration, size of the tourist group, the number of visits, travel range, travel time, monthly income, occupation, age and road toll have a significant influence on the departure time decisions of holiday car travelers, and the effect and degree of influence are markedly different for different holiday lengths. The effects of tolls for each departure time and different pricing scenarios on the choice behavior of travelers are different between long and short holidays. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the road toll policy also varies for travelers with different travel distances. This study can provide useful information for the guidance of holiday travelers, the management of holiday tolls on expressways and the formulation of holiday leave time.
Origem e implicações dos ácidos carboxílicos na atmosfera

A general overview about the ambient levels of low molecular weight carboxylic acids and their possible emission sources, as well as the implication of them in the atmosphere is presented. Carboxylic acids are considered to be one of the dominant classes of organic compounds found in the atmosphere in a variety of phases, such as in rainwater, snow and ice, on aerosol particles and gas phase. They may be originated from biogenic and anthropogenic direct emissions and by photochemical reaction in situ. Emission sources and formation mechanisms of organic acids in the atmosphere are discussed.
New Fourier CGH coding using DMD generated masks for grayscale and color images

Computer Generated Holograms (CGHs) are powerful optical elements used in many fields, such as wavefront shaping, quality testing of complex optics and anti-counterfeiting devices. Lee algorithm is the most used to generate binary amplitude Fourier holograms. Grayscale CGHs are known to give a higher reconstruction quality than binary holograms, but they usually require a cumbersome production process. A very simple and straightforward method of manufacturing rewritable grayscale CGHs is here proposed by taking advantage of two key components: a Digital Micro-mirror Device (DMDs) and a photochromic plate. An innovative algorithm, named Island algorithm, able to generate grayscale amplitude Fourier CGHs, is reported and compared with the standard Lee approach, based on 9 levels. A crucial advantage lies on the fact that the increase or decrease of the quantification does not affect the spatial resolution. In other words, the new coding leads to a higher spatial resolution (for a given CGH size) and a reconstructed image with an order of magnitude higher contrast with respect to the classical Lee-coded hologram. In order to show the large potential of our approach, we have investigated the coding of a grayscale image with a 201 levels Island hologram: it shows a much better reconstruction (resolution, fidelity, contrast) thanks to the quantification of the transparency than the Lee algorithm commonly used. By combining 3 grayscale images with RGB filters and adding them, we show the reconstruction of a full color image with high fidelity, high contrast and low noise.
Assigning Humorous Recount to Promote Speaking Fluency in Indonesian EFL Classroom

The present study investigated the effect of assigning students to orally present their personal humorous recounts on their speaking skills. The results of this study reveal that the participant students at English Study Program of Teachers Training and Educational Sciences, Pattimura University experienced an impressive gain in speaking performance. This quasi-experimental study shows that this approach is effective in encouraging students to use target language more frequently in an unthreatening and fun situation. Thus, provide psychological support for students when they have to use target English language. This strategy provides ways to activate many language elements such as grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation the students have previously learned. The mean score of experiment group’s posttest is 73.89 higher than control group which is 70.71. Students in the experimental group have reported that they were able to alleviate many psychological inhibitors to speaking in public and improved their speaking skill considerably. The observation indicated that the class dynamic was increased. Implication for teaching speaking is further discussed in this article. Key words: Humor, Speaking, Fluency, EFL, Storytelling.
Martian Mantle Heat Flow Estimate From the Lack of Lithospheric Flexure in the South Pole of Mars: Implications for Planetary Evolution and Basal Melting

Heat flow measurements are important for our understanding of planetary interior composition, structure, and evolution. In the absence of direct measurement, a first‐order estimate of a planet's interior heat flow can be made by modeling the lithosphere's viscoelastic response to stress exerted by large surface loads. Here, we model the Martian lithosphere's viscoelastic response to the south polar layered deposits and estimate the local mantle heat flow to be less than ∼10 mW/m2. Combined with our previous estimate of the low mantle heat flow from the north polar region (∼7 mW/m2), our results suggest that the Martian mantle may be globally depleted in heat‐producing elements. The relatively low mantle heat flow has significant implications for Mars' long‐term thermal evolution and on the possibility of basal melting in the south polar region.
APPLICATIONS OF PEPTIDE-NUCLEIC ACIDS AS ADVANCED TOOLS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

PNAs have been discovered thirty years ago, reported as therapeutic synthetic analogs of natural nucleic acids. PNAs have repeating N-(2-aminoethyl) glycine units’ backbone which is linked by peptide bonds and methylene carbonyl linkages help in joining the purines & pyrimidines bases with the backbone. In RNA/DNA recognition, PNAs play an effective role in terms of selectivity and affinity. PNAs don’t have any pentose sugar just like DNA or their analogs rather these are neutral chemical entities. This uncharged PNA nature is responsible for its hybridization with DNA molecules as well as for thermal stability of PNA/DNA duplexes. Due to achiral nature of PNA backbone, PNA/DNA duplexes are very less effected in high ionic solutions. Due to inactivity as substrate in proteases, peptidases & nucleases, they exhibit strong biochemical stability. PNA has been reported as biosensors, antigene& antisense agents, biomolecular tools and molecular probes etc. PNAs show countless issues regarding cellular uptake mechanism, which can be easily resolved via chemical modification or via assemble conjugation with CPPs (cell penetrating peptides) with PNAs. They showed improvement in cellular drug delivery system by these chemical modifications and increases the drug delivery/design/development. Here, we have conveyed tremendous applications of PNAs in biomedical and genetic fields including: anticancer, antimicrobial, antigene, antisense, PCR, MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy, FISH, diagnostics in biosensors & vivo imaging, antibiotic agents etc. There is all vision that in future, with the teamwork of biologists and chemists, PNA will realize in full of its massive applied potential.
Strategies to Provide Scaffolding when Teaching Mathematical Reasoning

This article aims to introduce the support of scaffolding strategies in improving mathematical reasoning skills. Mathematical reasoning is one of the abilities that students are expected to achieve in learning mathematics. If students' reasoning abilities are integrated into the curriculum, it will have a positive effect on learning mathematics in the classroom. However, not a few students are weak in reasoning abilities. In Surah an-Nisa verse 9 there is an invitation not to leave someone in a weak state. Therefore, the teacher's efforts in the form of scaffolding are needed by providing assistance in the form of assistance to students at the early stages of learning, then reducing this assistance and giving students the opportunity to take on greater responsibility after being able to do it themselves. Support for scaffolding strategies in improving students' mathematical reasoning abilities includes (1) Giving stimulus problems; (2) Explanation of problem formulation; and (3) Question and answer dialogue.
Instrumental Mentoring for Young Adults: A Multi-Method Study

Closeness between mentor and mentee is previously defined as an important indicator of relationship quality in youth mentoring, but whether this is the case in instrumental mentoring for young adults remains unclear. This is an exploratory study examining how instrumental mentoring serves young adults in their instrumental needs and how relational closeness develops. We applied a mixed-methods design, using quantitative data from a study of an instrumental mentoring program in Rotterdam, The Netherlands (N = 53), and qualitative data from a subsample of participants (N = 10). Two statistically distinctive clusters of closeness were found; 49% of the mentees reported high levels of closeness, and 51% reported low levels of closeness in their mentor relationship. Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs) showed that the cluster with high levels of closeness was correlated with instrumental compatibility, satisfaction, and perceived attitude similarities. Semi-structured interviews were used to illustrate the role and development of closeness for mentees in both clusters, and three cases were presented. Experiencing closeness seemed a result of receiving instrumental support, not a precondition. Mentees’ previous experiences might in some cases explain the lower levels of closeness, but this did not always hinder mentees to profit from their mentors’ support.
Earthen ridges in coastal sand dunes of the Caribbean coast, Venezuela: Anthropogenic or natural?

Earthen ridges that occur in the active Los Médanos de Coro dune fields of the Venezuelan Caribbean coast have been attributed either to anthropogenic or natural origins. Anthropogenic explanations have focused on their location, geometry, structure, and compaction, in the context of archaeological sites and artifacts throughout the dunes, to suggest an origin as causeways built by the extinct Caquetío people and/or their pre‐Hispanic ancestors. To assess this topic, geomorphic, physicochemical, and elemental analyses were carried out on the ridges and interdunal beaches and playas. The configuration, elevation, and composition of the ridges, along with three bulk sediment 14C dates that range 1900–3000 year BP, are here found to be most compatible with a natural origin as exhumed paleochannels. Past human occupants may, however, have used the features as causeways.
Selection of capacitance for stable operation of low power DC system with constant power loads

The connection of constant power loads (CPL) in a low power dc system leads to a reduction in the stability margin of the system. Most of the existing techniques increase the stability margin by modifying the controller for CPL or source converter at the cost of deterioration in the performance of converters. Few publications have suggested methods to determine the value of dc-link capacitance required for stable operation of dc microgrid with CPL. These methods do not necessarily give the minimum possible capacitance as a solution. This paper suggests a method to determine the lower bound on the value of capacitor, for stable operation of dc system. A dc system with both linear and CPL loads is considered. Detailed mathematical analysis is used to determine the range of capacitance to ensure the stability of equilibrium point. Further, this paper discusses the effects of variation in linear loads on the selection of capacitor. The procedure of capacitor selection for a low power dc system is included. Using the real-time digital simulator and a digital signal processor, controller hardware-in-loop based validation is carried out for the proposed approach.
Performance analysis of dynamically controllable terahertz grounded coplanar waveguide attenuator based on graphene using wave concept iterative process method

In this paper, an efficient wave concept iterative process algorithm is proposed to analyze a dynamically controllable grounded coplanar waveguide attenuator based on graphene at terahertz frequencies. The proposed modeling technique of graphene is based on waves concept, that is based on redefining the boundary conditions (surface current and electric field) in terms of incident and reflected waves. The developed algorithm integrates both the interband and intraband conductivities without involving volumetric discretization. Therefore, it consumes less simulation time and computational resources. Numerical studies are conducted to validate the accuracy, speed, and usefulness of the proposed technique. Simulation results demonstrate that the interband term of the graphene conductivity has a significant effect and cannot be neglected in the simulation. The performance of the attenuator can be improved by controlling the chemical potential of graphene, which can achieve an attenuation range from 0.29 to 13.2 dB.
Can academic hope increase academic engagement in Iranian students who are university applicants? investigating academic buoyancy as a mediator

Abstract In Iran, a large number of adolescents compete every year to enter university, given the better job opportunities that may exist after graduation. The hope of having more education affects students’ academic engagement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between academic hope and academic engagement with the mediating role of academic buoyancy, using the Academic Hope Scale, Academic Buoyancy Scale, and Academic Engagement Scale. The participants in the study were 353 Iranian students in the last year of high school who had applied to enter university in 2019. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling procedures. The results showed that there was a direct significant relationship between academic hope (p ≤ .01, β = 0.19) and academic buoyancy (p ≤ .01, β = 0.25) with academic engagement. There was a direct and significant relationship between academic hope and academic buoyancy (p ≤ .01, β = 0.33). And academic buoyancy partially mediated the relationship between academic hope and academic engagement. The discussion concerns the potential benefits of implementing interventions designed to enhance academic hope to increase learners’ academic engagement.
Accurate measurement of the Si structure factor by the Pendellösung method

The X-ray structure factor of Si was measured for 30 net planes from the thickness dependence of the integrated intensity on the λ scale. In ten low-order planes, the accuracy level was estimated to be 0.05% in the probable error. Therefore, the deviation from the standard model of Hartree-Fock isolated atoms under harmonic oscillation could be determined with high precision. In the remaining net planes, the accuracy level was 0.1%. Dawson's rule (that even and higher-order reflections should be normal) was well satisfied for eight net planes higher than 660. Against this background, some Fg values of odd and middle-order planes deviate from the standard model. In the difference Fourier map, not only the bonding charge and the charge deficit in the anti-bonding region but also a slight excess near the atomic position were recognized.
Categorization of case in case study research method: new approach

This study was inspired by two of the leading papers in the case study method: Eisenhardt (1991) and Dyer and Wilkins (1991). The work of those authors could be considered a benchmark for research based on a case study. Additionally, this research comes as a complement to re-categorize case study research design. After reviewing those papers, the authors identified certain misunderstandings relative to when a case study should be addressed as single or multiple case studies. This study reviewed both recent and ancient research papers that used the case study research design in their investigations based on this misunderstanding. Thus, the previously identified misinterpretation of case study categorization is the gap this study filled. For this study, the case study research design was to be re-categorized to understand which case study design suits which research study. Accordingly, based on the identified gap, the study used secondary data to re-categorize the case study research design through a literature review method. As a result, the study identified three case study categories: single setting case study with single sub-case, single setting case study with multiple sub-cases, and multiple case studies. Consequently, the result re-categorizes single case study design into single sub-case and multiple sub-cases. This study makes recommendations through the proposed approach that filled the gap identified in the case study design categorization. In terms of adding to knowledge, this study’s proposed approach will augment the optimal use of case study research design by management, economics, and other disciplines’ researchers in the future.
Research on the Technology of Plugging Gushing Water in the Vertical Shaft under Complicated Conditions

The shaft is the throat of the mine construction, and it is easily disturbed by gushing water, which affects the mine construction progress. Aiming at technical problems under complex hydrogeological conditions in coal mines, such as vertical shaft lining rupture and serious gushing water, single-liquid and double-liquid cement grouting materials are invalid for multiple plugging of gushing water. Combining with geological data to analyze the conditions of the aquifers and water-blocking layer in the shaft, adopting the multifunctional digital electrical method and digital flow measuring instrument can accurately grasp the flow direction and flow velocity and further obtain the aquifer parameters of the main and auxiliary shafts. At the same time, based on the FLAC numerical simulation software, research on the stress, displacement, and plastic failure of the shaft surrounding rock under different water pressures (0.5 times, 1 time, and 2 times the hydrostatic pressure) and comparative analysis of the influence of the water bodies on the shaft surrounding rock are carried out. On this basis, the following are the objectives: (1) research the mechanical properties of polymer chemical material Malisan N and the mechanism of grouting to plugging gushing water and strengthening surrounding rock, (2) formulate the grouting drilling layout and construction technology for the topsoil and bedrock section of the main and auxiliary shafts, and (3) carry out long-term monitoring of the water inflow. The monitoring data showed that the measured water inflow was less than 0.05 m3/h after the grouting of the shaft surrounding rock, which achieved the purpose of preventing the shaft linings from rupturing, plugging the gushing water, and stabilizing the aquifer water pressure.
Ash Deposition Trials at Three Power Stations in Denmark

Six full-scale trials were conducted at three power stations in Denmark: Ensted, Funen, and Vendsyssel power stations. During these trials, pulverized coal, bottom ash, fly ash, and deposits from cooled probes were sampled and analyzed with various techniques. On the basis of SEM analyses, the deposits can be grouped into five textural types, which all possess distinct textural and chemical characteristics. Likewise, the deposition mechanisms for these five types are characteristic and they may be used for constructing a model for the buildup and maturation of an ash deposit. The deposits collected on the probes were thin (maximum 2 mm after 9 h) and the influence of operational parameters and probe temperatures on the magnitude of the deposits were minor. The probe temperatures had no influence on the composition of the ash deposits for coals with low ash deposition propensities, whereas the probe temperature did influence the composition of deposits for coals with medium ash deposition propensities. Th.