Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CRACK DAMAGE DETECTION IN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE IMAGES OF CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE USING PRE-TRAINED DEEP LEARNING MODEL

The field of computer vision based civil infrastructure defect detection is constantly evolving with steady advances being made in sensing technologies, hardware, and image processing techniques. Although a number of image processing techniques have been proposed over the years with varying degrees of success, real-world situations (e.g., lack of background illumination, shadow changes) pose a significant challenge to the wide adoption of such techniques, especially for routine analysis. With the emerging application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones for civil infrastructure inspection and condition monitoring, an added level of complexity is introduced in vision-based crack detection as the process of acquiring images using UAVs is not yet standardized resulting in images of widely varying sizes, resolutions, blurriness, etc. In recent years, Deep Learning, a generalized form of Deep Neural Network (DNN) algorithms that can learn very complex mappings between inputs and outputs directly from the data, has achieved huge success in diverse fields such as automatic speech recognition, image recognition, Natural Language Processing (NLP), drug and materials discovery, etc. However, the large number of hidden neurons and layers used in DNNs result in computationally-intensive matrix and vector computations involving millions of parameters, requiring the use of high-performance computing systems. Also, it is practically impossible to get labeled “big data” samples in many domains to be able to train an entire DNN from scratch. In such situations, the use of a pre-trained deep learning model and fine-tuning it to the novel task at hand with smaller datasets, has shown to be successful across domains. In this paper, we propose the use of pre-trained deep learning models with transfer learning for crack damage detection in UAV images of civil infrastructure. The robustness of the proposed approach is tested on a small set of real-world, complex UAV-sourced infrastructure images not used during training and validation. The results show that the proposed method can rapidly and easily achieve up to 90% accuracy in finding cracks in realistic situations without any augmentation and preprocessing.
Tissue-specific expression and environmental regulation of the barley Hvhspi 7 gene promoter in transgenic tobacco plants

The 5' upstream region ( — 1700 to +1) of the barley Hvhspi7 gene, inducible by heat shock in young barley seedlings, was transcriptionally fused with the /7-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. A 2 kb fragment, carrying the CaMV35S promoter, intron 1 from ADH gene of maize, and the BAR gene, was excised from plasmid pBARGUS (Fromm era/., 1990) and the dual expression vector pBARHSGUS was created. Plasmid pBARHSGUS was used to transform tobacco protoplasts via PEGmediated direct DNA uptake. Four chosen transgenic tobacco plants containing from 1 to 5 integrated copies of the chimeric GUS gene (confirmed by PCR and Southern analyses) were further analysed. Histochemical and fluorimetrical analyses were performed in various plant tissues after thermal induction and other environmental treatments. The results obtained show that the chimeric pHS/GUS fusion was not only induced by heat treatment, but also regulated by some metal ions, and abscisic acid. Furthermore, /? -glucuronidase expression in transgenic tobacco was strictly tissue-specific, being restricted to the vascular boundles of the xylematic component in the stem and petioles, and absent in any other tissue, with the exception (in one case), of a faint signal in the inner tissue of the style. It was therefore demonstrated that the 1700 bp upstream region of the monocot heat shock gene Hvhsp17 was capable of driving a heatinducible tissue-specific expression of the marker GUS gene in a heterologous dicot plant.
NAR Breakthrough Article 3 ′ end additions by T 7 RNA polymerase are RNA self-templated , distributive and diverse in character – – RNA-Seq analyses

Synthetic RNA is widely used in basic science, nanotechnology and therapeutics research. The vast majority of this RNA is synthesized in vitro by T7 RNA polymerase or one of its close family members. However, the desired RNA is generally contaminated with products longer and shorter than the DNA-encoded product. To better understand these undesired byproducts and the processes that generate them, we analyze in vitro transcription reactions using RNA-Seq as a tool. The results unambiguously confirm that product RNA rebinds to the polymerase and self-primes (in cis) generation of a hairpin duplex, a process that favorably competes with promoter driven synthesis under high yield reaction conditions. While certain priming modes can be favored, the process is heterogeneous, both in initial priming and in the extent of priming, and already extended products can rebind for further extension, in a distributive process. Furthermore, addition of one or a few nucleotides, previously termed ‘nontemplated addition,’ also occurs via templated primer extension. At last, this work demonstrates the utility of RNA-Seq as a tool for in vitro mechanistic studies, providing information far beyond that provided by traditional gel electrophoresis.
Effect of iterative sparse-view CT reconstruction with task-specific projection angles on dimensional measurements

X-ray computed tomography based on a small number of radiographic projections (sparse-view CT) is relevant for several application cases in industry, where reducing the measurement time plays a major role (e.g. for in-line CT). Because of low data quality of sparse-view CT scans due to insufficient sampling, new concepts are needed to reduce measurement uncertainties for dimensional metrology. Iterative image reconstruction techniques provide a promising opportunity for this purpose as they are in principle able to handle limited data or noise well and give the possibility to select specific projection angles (i.e. perspective views) for circular scan trajectories. In this paper, the influence of task-specific projection angles on dimensional measurements is discussed using algebraic and statistical iterative reconstruction of simulated and experimentally obtained sparse-view scans. It is shown that measurement deviations for specific dimensional measurands can be reduced by selecting projection angles which are expected to have a high contribution to a good imaging of relevant geometric features.
Design and Estimation of Power , Delay and Area for Parallel Adder in VLSI Circuits using 45 nm Technology

Adders are main component used in Digital signal processing (DSP) and are usually used in the digital integrated circuits. In Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) application delay, power and area are the necessary factors for any digital circuits. This paper presents 8 bit parallel adder mapped in Cadence Encounter(R) RTL Compiler Version v14.20-s013_1. By efficiently mapping in cadence tool, area, power and delay are decreased. The results of mapping are viewed using RTL synthesis tool in cadence VIRTUOSO at 45nm technology 0.7V. Based on digital signal processing (DSP) architectures, the code for low power is generated using 8 bit Carry Look ahead adder.
CODINGMODELS FOR IMAGE-BASED CLASSIFICATION

Data-driven sparse models have been shown to give superior performance for image classification tasks. Most of these works depend on learning a synthesis dictionary and the corresponding sparse code for recognition. However in recent years, an alternate analysis coding based framework (also known as co-sparse model) has been proposed for learning sparse models. In this paper, we study this framework for image classification. We demonstrate that the proposed approach is robust and efficient, while giving a comparable or better recognition performance than the traditional synthesis-based models.
AALTO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Master’s Programme in Automation and Electrical Engineering

of master's thesis Author Oskari Mikkola Title of thesis Improving the fault clearing capability of a UPS device Master’s programme Master’s Programme in Automation and Electrical Engineering Thesis supervisor Prof. Jorma Kyyrä Thesis advisor M.Sc. (Tech.) Tuomo Kohtamäki Major/Code Electrical Power and Energy Engineering/ELEC 3024 Department Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering Date 17.4. 2018 Number of pages 10+83 Language English
AN ACCURATE AND SIMPLE CODE SELECTION CRITERION FOR A DS-CDMA SYSTEM WHICH EMPLOYS EXPONENTIALLY WEIGHTED DESPREADING SEQUENCES ABSTRACT

Code selection has a large impact on the performance of a direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. A goal of spread spectrum system designers for a multiple access system is to find a set of such spreading codes that as many users as possible can use a band of frequencies with as little multiple access interference (MAI) as possible. If the number of active users in a DS-CDMA system using exponentially weighted despreading sequences is less than the number of codes in a given code set, it is very important in terms of the quality of the recovered information to determine the codes which will yield the best bit error rate (BER) performances. In this study, it is proposed that, a simple and efficient criterion which enables the determination of the spreading sequences in a given code set achieves better BER performances than others when used as references for a DS-CDMA system which employs exponentially weighted despreading sequences.
Halo Effects and Analytic Scoring : A Summary of Two Empirical Studies Research

This report summarizes two empirical studies that address two related topics—rater halo and how much unique information is provided by multiple analytic scores. Specifically, we address the issue of whether unique information is provided by analytic scores assigned to student writing, beyond what is depicted by holistic scores, and to what degree multiple analytic scores assigned by a single rater display evidence of a halo effect. To that end, we analyze scored student responses to an expository writing prompt that were scored by six groups of raters—four groups assigned single analytic scores, one group assigned multiple analytic scores, and one group assigned holistic scores—using structural equation modeling. Our results suggest that there is evidence of a halo effect when raters assign multiple analytic scores to a single student response and that, at best, only two factors seem to be distinguishable in analytic writing scores assigned to expository essays.
Why ‘ behavioral syndromes ’ are not analogues of ‘ personality ’

Animal researchers are increasingly interested in individual differences in behavior. Their interpretation as meaningful differences in behavioral strategies stable over time and across contexts, adaptive, heritable, and acted upon by natural selection has triggered new theoretical developments. However, the analytical approaches used to explore behavioral data still address population-level phenomena, and statistical methods suitable to analyze individual behavior are rarely applied. I discuss fundamental investigative principles and analytical approaches to explore whether, in what ways, and under which conditions individual behavioral differences are actually meaningful. I elaborate the meta-theoretical ideas underlying common theoretical concepts and integrate them into an overarching metatheoretical and methodological framework. This unravels commonalities and differences, and shows that assumptions of analogy to concepts of human personality are not always warranted and that some theoretical developments may be based on methodological artifacts. Yet, my results also highlight possible directions for new theoretical developments in animal behavior research.
Asymptotic Synchronization of Complex Dynamical Networks with Time-Varying Delays on Time Scales

In this paper, the problem on the asymptotic synchronization of complex dynamical networks on time scales is investigated. By constructing appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and using some effective mathematical techniques, several novel synchronization criteria for the considered complex networks are obtained. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.
Evaluation of regeneration , active ingredients and antioxidant activities in jojoba tissue cultures as affected by carbon nanotubes

Tissue culture technique could be the most suitable method for studying the impact of nanotechnology on the plant. Recently, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) application on plant attracts a great attention. This study was to demonstrate the effect of CNTs on in vitro culture of jojoba shoots. Carbon in two sizes (activated carbon and carbon nanotubes) was used. Generally, CNTs at 0.002, 0.02 and 0.2 g/L enhanced multiplication rate; as shoot and leaf number as well as callus degree. It also increased growth vigor, at 0.002 g/L, as plantlet length, leaf number and stem thickness in rooting stage, compared with the control and activated charcoal (AC) at 2.0 g/L. Decreasing concentration of CNTs to 0.002 g/L led to higher antioxidant activity, phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents compared with its other concentrations used. Methanol extract (80%) of jojoba treated with AC had the highest content of total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin and showed the highest antioxidant activity. It is assumed that the AC used is able to exhibit an antioxidant effect because of its radical capacity due to its adsorption ability, increasing phenols which may have a scavenging effect or increase the production of antioxidant enzymes in plant tissues. As our knowledge, this investigation on CNTs and activated charcoal is the first in jojoba in vitro cultures
Environmental changes o ¡ North Iceland during the deglaciation and the Holocene : foraminifera , diatoms and stable isotopes

A combined study of foraminifera, diatoms and stable isotopes in marine sediments off North Iceland records major changes in sea surface conditions since about 15 800 cal years (yr) BP. Results are presented from two gravity cores obtained at about 400 m water depth from two separate sedimentary basins on each side of the submarine Kolbeinsey Ridge. The chronology of the sedimentary record is based partly on AMS 14C dates, partly on the Vedde and the Saksunarvatn tephra markers, as well as the historical Hekla AD 1104 tephra. During the regional deglaciation, the planktonic foraminiferal assemblages are characterised by consistently high percentages of sinistrally coiled Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. However, major environmental variability is reflected by changes in stable isotope values and diatom assemblages. Low N18O values indicate a strong freshwater peak as well as possible brine formation by sea-ice freezing during a pre-B=lling interval (Greenland Stadial 2), corresponding to the Heinrich 1 event. The foraminifera suggest a strong concurrent influence of relatively warm and saline Atlantic water, and both the foraminifera and the diatoms suggest mixing of cold and warm water masses. Similar but weaker environmental signals are observed during the Younger Dryas (Greenland Stadial 1) around the level of the Vedde Ash. Each freshwater peak is succeeded by an interval of severe cooling both at the beginning of the B=lling^Aller=d Interstadial Complex (Greenland Interstadial 1) and during the Preboreal, presumably associated with the onset of intense deep water formatiom in the Nordic Seas. The Holocene thermal optimum, between 10 200 and about 7000 cal years (yr) BP, is interrupted by a marked cooling of the surface waters around 8200 cal yr BP. This cold event is clearly expressed by a pronounced increase in the percentages of sinistrally coiled N. pachyderma, corresponding to a temperature decrease of about 3‡C. A general cooling in the area is indicated after 7000^6000 cal yr BP, both by the diatom data and by the planktonic foraminiferal data. After a severe cooling around 6000 cal yr BP, the planktonic foraminiferal assemblages suggest a warmer interval between 5500 and 4500 cal yr BP. Minor temperature fluctuations are reflected both in the foraminiferal and in the diatom data in the upper part of the record, but the time 0377-8398 / 03 / $ ^ see front matter G 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/S0377-8398(03)00075-6 * Corresponding author. Tel. : +45-8942-3557; Fax: +45-8618-3936. E-mail address: karenluise.knudsen@geo.au. dk (K.L. Knudsen). MARMIC 953 2-2-04 Marine Micropaleontology 50 (2004) 273^305 R Available online at www.sciencedirect. com www.elsevier. com/locate/marmicro resolution of the present data is not high enough to pick up details in environmental changes through the late Holocene. G 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Fitting EMS to Organisations

A major purpose of an electronic meeting system (EMS) is recording data, which allows the production of an immediate and unbiased report. But reports produced by commercial EMSs have some weaknesses that make difficult the organisational integration of meeting results. In order to contribute to the solution of this problem, it was developed a new system supported in the concept of communication genre and genre system. A prototype was implemented and used in corporate environment. Preliminary results from its application showed that this approach contribute to a better fit to organisational needs than the traditional EMS.
ON TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR FAMILY TREE DATA VISUALIZATION

Visualization is an important and helpful ways to support the exploration of large data sets. The leading benefit of visualization is that it does not only provide graphical representation of data but also allows changing of form, omitting what is not required and browsing deeper to get further details. This paper reviews some of the previous research related to family tree (or sometimes known as genealogy) data visualization. It focuses on existing techniques and applications that are currently available to address family tree visualization issues. The content of this paper is divided into several sections such as visualization usability, family tree visualization, graph theory of kinship network and graph visualization. Visualization gives opportunity to approach huge network type of data and makes it easily comprehensible. In order to gain the full benefit of family tree data, a proper understanding about the current visualization tool or techniques that is used to represent these type of data in a fully interactive environment will be highly beneficial.
Facial Expression Recognition Using Gabor Wavelet & Neural Networks

— This paper presents methods for identifying facial expression. The objective of this paper is to present a combination textuture oriented method with dimensional rdcution for identifying facial expressions. Conventional methods have difficulty in identifying expressions due to change in the shape of the cheek. By using simple two dimensional image analysis , the accuracy of the expression detection becomes difficulty. Without considering the three dimensional analysis, by using texture extration of the cheek, we are able to increase the accuracy of the expression detection. In order to achieve the expression detection accuracy, Gabor wavelet is used in different angles to extract possible texture of the facial expression. The texture dimension is further reduces by using Fisher’s linear discriminant funciton for increasing the accuracy of the proposed method. Fisher’s linear discriminant function from transforming higher dimensional feature vector into two-dimensional vector training and identifying expressions. Different facial expressions considered are angry, disgust, happy, sad, surprise and fear are used. These expressions can be used for security purposes.
George Cayley : The Invention of the Aeroplane near Scarborough at the Time of Trafalgar

After a brief biography which outlines Cayley’s wide range of activities, the paper concentrates on his work with the aeroplane. Beginning with his invention of the aeroplane concept, the paper describes the evolution of his thinking and his practical applications of it. Attempts are made to estimate the performance of the aeroplanes he built.
The significance of mental illness and the costs of mental health services

Quality in health care is an important contemporary topic because of rising consumer ex‐ pectations of health care amidst constrained health care budgets. Historically mental health services have been the poor cousin of health care services generally, and acute health care services specifically. At this time when quality in health care is occupying more space in the health care literature, it is opportune to review what inroads have been made as far as quali‐ ty in delivery of mental health services.
Analysis of Tourism Microblog Comments

Recent years, an amount of tourism micro-blog comments on the Internet have become an important source of information for potential customers and to improve the service quality. These micro-blog comments do help to research tourism resources or services before making decisions. Thus, sentiment analysis of tourism micro-blog comments has become a hot issue in the field of natural language processing and text mining. We designed a system called SASTMC by using web crawler, Chinese words segmentation, emotion words dictionary and an improved TF-IDF algorithm. It enhances expression ability of sentiment information of text words. Experiments on Sina micro-blog comments datasets demonstrate that our method can do the task well.
Towards Adding Bottom-Up Homeostatic Affect to ACT-R

Extending a cognitive architecture with a representation of physiology allows one to simulate the effects of homeostasis on cognitive processes. The underlying physiological substrate in the ACT-RΦ architecture allows one to model potential interactions between homeostatic affect and cognition. In this paper, we describe an extension of the ACT-R utility mechanism that uses information from the physiological representation provided by ACT-RΦ. We also discuss a model that uses this new system to simulate the effects of homeostatic-based thirst on rule utility. The model completes a variation of the ultimatum game that used a primary reward (water) as opposed to a monetary reward. In the experimental version of this game, researchers induced thirst in some participants by administering hypertonic saline via an intravenous line. Our model was able to represent both the physiological (i.e., hypertonic saline) and behavioral (i.e., forced selection of a primary reward) portions of the experiment. The model also can potentially provide predictions of behavior during the task that could not be observed due to the nature of the experimental condition.
J un 2 01 8 ‘ Indifference ’ methods for managing agent rewards

‘Indifference’ refers to a class of methods used to control reward based agents. Indifference techniques aim to achieve one or more of three distinct goals: rewards dependent on certain events (without the agent being motivated to manipulate the probability of those events), effective disbelief (where agents behave as if particular events could never happen), and seamless transition from one reward function to another (with the agent acting as if this change is unanticipated). This paper presents several methods for achieving these goals in the POMDP setting, establishing their uses, strengths, and requirements. These methods of control work even when the implications of the agent’s reward are otherwise not fully understood.
3 D Reconstruction from MultiView Stereo : Implementation Verification via Oculus Virtual Reality

We propose a novel approach to visualizing computer vision pipelines. We demonstrate how an Oculus Rift can be used to visualize the output of various spatial algorithms, allowing researchers to better understand how existing algorithms work and where they fail. Then, using our 3D visualization techniques, we visually experiment with and evaluate our implementation of a multi-view stereo pipeline.