Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metabolite Profiles During Oral Glucose Challenge how this access benefits you. Your story matters

To identify distinct biological pathways of glucose metabolism, we conducted a systematic evaluation of biochemical changes after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in a community-based popula- tion. Metabolic pro ﬁ ling was performed on 377 nondiabetic Framingham Offspring cohort participants (mean age 57 years, 42% women, BMI 30 kg/m 2 ) before and after OGTT. Changes in metabolite levels were evaluated with paired Student t tests, cluster-based analyses, and multivariable linear regression to examine differences associated with insulin resistance. Of 110 metabolites tested, 91 signi ﬁ - cantly changed with OGTT ( P # 0.0005 for all). Amino acids, b -hydroxybutyrate, and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates de- creased after OGTT, and glycolysis products increased, consistent with physiological insulin actions. Other pathways affected by OGTT included decreases in serotonin derivatives, urea cycle metabolites, and B vitamins. We also observed an increase in conjugated, and a decrease in unconjugated, bile acids. Changes in b -hydroxybutyrate, isoleucine, lactate, and pyridoxate were blunted in those with insulin resistance. Our ﬁ ndings demonstrate changes in 91 metabolites representing distinct biological pathways that are perturbed in response to an OGTT. We also identify metabolite responses that distinguish individuals with and without insulin resistance. These ﬁ ndings sug- gest that unique metabolic phenotypes can be unmasked by OGTT in the prediabetic state. Diabetes 62:2689 – 2698, 2013
Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) Chronic Plasmid Prevents the Development of Administration of an IL-12-Encoding DNA

The transfer of DBA/2 spleen cells into (C57BL/10 3 DBA/2)F 1 mice induces chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), which is characterized by the production of Th2 cytokines, hypergammaglobulinemia, and immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis like systemic lupus erythematosus. IL-12 strongly induces the production of Th1 cytokines and reduces Th2 activity in vivo. In this study, the effect of gene therapy on the development of murine chronic GVHD was examined using an IL-12-encoding plasmid (pCAGGSIL-12), with the expectation that it might regulate Th1/Th2 activity and have a beneﬁcial impact on the clinical manifestations of disease. pCAGGSIL-12 or its p40 antagonist plasmid (pCAGGSp40) were injected i.m. every 3 wk in GVHD-induced (C57BL/10 3 DBA/2)F 1 mice. A total of 100 m g of pCAGGSIL-12 improved the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo, suppressed the production of IgG, and signiﬁcantly reduced the development of glomerulonephritis. GVHD was exacerbated by injection of the pCAGGSp40 antagonist. Our results demonstrate that GVHD can be treated successfully by the administration of an IL-12-encoding plasmid, and that such therapy does not induce acute GVHD. The Journal of Immunology, 1999, 162: 4013–4017. he transfer of parental T lymphocytes into nonirradiated F 1 hosts induces
Sharing scientific and academic outputs from Cuban universities through a network of digital libraries

In 2015 libraries from five Cuban universities supported by an international project sponsored by the Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR), started the development of digital libraries using Dspace to manage all the scientific and academic outputs stored in their collections with the aim to socialize, preserve and increase the visibility of the scientific and academic production at national and international level. This paper presents the main features of the first Cuban Digital Library Network, the characteristics of each repository and other platforms, their interoperability and the development of a national harvester system to allow the information’s search and retrieval through a single interface. At this moment all five digital libraries are full operating allowing the visibility and socialization of more than nine thousands thesis produced by students and postgraduate's programs from five Cuban universities. During 2017 academic and research’s staff will add their scientific production (journal articles, books and book’s chapter, and other scientific documents) making possible to duplicate the amount early cited. A librarian team defined a metadata set from the Dublin Core Qualified to homogenize the documents description, according to the type of documents that these digital libraries will store and with the Metadata Export Guidelines released by OpenAIRE. Cuban Ministry of High Education, following the experience of the five universities included in the consortial environment it decide to lead a national project to expand this experience to the rest of Cuban universities (more than 21). The interoperability of more than 20 digital libraries will allow the genesis and management in 2018 of the bigger digital collection available in Cuba, including scientific and academic and also other digital collections stored in our libraries. Also a national catalog will be available with the information about all printed collection stored in Cuban universities.
Development of a Novel Method for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia Using Thigh DXA Imaging

Background: Sarcopenia, defined as the loss of muscle mass and function, increases the risk of falls and thus fractures and has unclear/ indistinct thresholds. Historically, sarcopenia is characterized in terms of lean mass index (LMI, lean mass/ ht) or appendicular lean mass index (ALMI, appendicular lean mass/ ht). However, recent studies have shown that function declines more rapidly than lean mass with age, leading to a transition in the defining criteria for sarcopenia from mass towards function. Purpose: This research investigates the thigh region of interest within a whole-body DXA scan to calculate muscle volume, area, and density, and evaluates whether these metrics perform better than ALMI and LMI in relation to function. Method: DXA scans were acquired during implementation of a cross-sectional study of 30 healthy premenopausal, 30 healthy postmenopausal, and 26 postmenopausal women with recurrent falls. Two subregions, a mid-thigh region and a half-thigh region, normalized to the participant’s femur length were placed precisely on each scan. As opposed to the commonly used cylindrical model, two truncated cone models were applied to each region. Sets of parameters were extracted to distinguish the subcutaneous fat from the standard outputs of the DXA software. Then, equations
The glacial history of the southern Svartenhuk West Greenland

This paper presents a new, detailed geomorphological and sedimentological appraisal of the southern 18 Svartenhuk Halvø in West Greenland. Svartenhuk Halvø is a large, low-altitude landmass which is found in the 19 north-western part of the Uummannaq region. Previous research on the glacial history of this peninsula is 20 limited, but studies have suggested it remained as an ice-free enclave during the Last Glacial Maximum. Previous 21 work has provided biostratigraphic, chronological, and sedimentological evidence for the ‘Svartenhuk Marine 22 Event’, a period of deposition into a higher than present relative sea-level during an interglacial. It has been dated to MIS 5 and correlated to other interglacial deposits in West Greenland. New geomorphological and sedimentological investigations from this study present a compelling argument for the glaciation of southern Svartenhuk Halvø by valley glaciers and mountain ice caps, suggesting that the existence of this peninsula as an ice free enclave as a misnomer. Ice directional indicators and clast lithological results suggest ice covering Svartenhuk Halvø was sourced from the higher altitude interior of the peninsula and expanded to the present
C OMPARISON O F F INANCIAL PERFORMANCE O F C OMMERCIAL B ANKS : A C ASE S TUDY I N T HE C ONTEXT O F I NDIA (2009-2013)

In This Era, the banking sector is one of the fastest growing sectors, and a lot of funds are channelized through banks thereby making the banking system more and more complex wherein lies the importance to examine and evaluate concurrent performance of the banks: hence the researcher tries to present a case study of India in this context. To evaluate the performance of the Indian banks, the researcher has opted to compare the financial performance of different Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) applying the parameters ─ Return on Asset, Return on Equity and Net Interest Margin. Furthermore, his study proves if any significant difference of profitability means among different banking groups really exists. For this purpose, he has chosen the parameter of quantitative research using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) from 2009 to 2013 following the global financial slump of 2008. To state, ROA for Public Sector Banks was recorded 0.97%in 2010 from 1.02% of 2009. For the State Bank of India group (SBI), it was a notch lower at 0.91% (2010) than 1.02% in 2009. ROE for all banks saw a decrease during 2009-2013: but the OPSBs and the NPSBs recorded increase in ROE from 14.6 % and 10.6 % in 2009 to 16.22% and 16.51% in 2013 respectively. For all the banks, NIM shows a significant rise during 2011-12 excluding the FBs. Furthermore, the result indicates that there is no significant means in difference of profitability among various banking groups in respect of ROA and NIM, yet a significant means of difference is seen among the peer groups in terms of ROE.
FRDA. Neurons and cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells as a model for mitochondrial defects in Friedreich’s

SUMMARY Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is a recessive neurodegenerative disorder commonly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. FRDA is due to expanded GAA repeats within the first intron of the gene encoding frataxin, a conserved mitochondrial protein involved in iron-sulphur cluster biosynthesis. This mutation leads to partial gene silencing and substantial reduction of the frataxin level. To overcome limitations of current cellular models of FRDA, we derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two FRDA patients and successfully differentiated them into neurons and cardiomyocytes, two affected cell types in FRDA. All FRDA iPSC lines displayed expanded GAA alleles prone to high instability and decreased levels of frataxin, but no biochemical phenotype was observed. Interestingly, both FRDA iPSC-derived neurons and cardiomyocytes exhibited signs of impaired mitochondrial function, with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and progressive mitochondrial degeneration, respectively. Our data show for the first time that FRDA iPSCs and their neuronal and cardiac derivatives represent promising models for the study of mitochondrial damage and GAA expansion instability in
Embryonic origin of the adult hematopoietic system

Summary Definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) lie at the foundation of the adult hematopoietic system and provide an organism throughout its life with all blood cell types. Several tissues demonstrate hematopoietic activity at early stages of embryonic development, but which tissue is the primary source of these important cells and what are the early embryonic ancestors of definitive HSCs? Here, we review recent advances in the field of HSC research that have shed light on such questions, while setting them into a historical context, and discuss key issues currently circulating in this field.
University of Birmingham Crystal structure of LIR-2 (ILT4) at 1.8A: differences from LIR-1 (ILT2) in regions implicated in the binding of the human cytomegalovirus class I MHC homolog UL18

Background: Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor-1 (LIR-1) and LIR-2 (also known as ILT2 and ILT4 respectively) are highly related cell surface receptors that bind a broad range of class I MHC molecules with low ( (cid:1) M) affinities. Expressed on monocytic cells and macrophages, both molecules transmit inhibitory signals after binding ligands. In addition to binding host class I MHC, the LIR-1 molecule, which is also expressed on lymphoid tissues, binds with a high (nM) affinity to UL18, a class I MHC homolog encoded by Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV). In comparison, LIR-2 binds UL18 only weakly ( (cid:1) M K D ). To understand how HCMV preferentially targets the more broadly expressed LIR-1 molecule, we determined the crystal structure of a ligand-binding fragment of LIR-2, and compared this to the existing high-resolution crystal structure of LIR-1. Results: Recombinant LIR-2 (domains 1 and 2) was produced in E. coli and crystallized using streak seeding to optimize the crystal morphology. A data set complete to 1.8 Å was collected at 100 K from a single crystal in the P4 1 2 1 2 spacegroup. The structure was solved by molecular replacement, using a search model based on the LIR-1 structure. region LIR-1 is altered substantially in LIR-2: of LIR-2
Control method of one-branch controlled three-phase rectifier with no rotor position detection

This paper presents control strategy of the one-branch controlled three-phase rectifier cooperating with permanent magnet (PM) generator which allows for operation with no rotor position detection (NRP) of the generator. Combination of a proposed simplified control algorithm and lowcost rectifier can be an interesting reliable solution for permanent-magnet (PM) small-scale wind turbines or automotive alternators. Mathematical relationships for the rectifiers' output power are discussed. The influence of new and classic control strategy on efficiency was experimentally verified. Metoda sterowania prostownika trójfazowego z jedną gałęzią sterowaną współpracującego z generatorem z magnesami trwałymi Słowa kluczowe: przekształtnik AC/DC do współpracy z generatorem PM; prostownik sterowany; trójfazowy przekształtnik z jedną gałęzią sterowaną.
Secondary Structure of the 3 (cid:2) Terminus of Hepatitis C Virus Minus-Strand RNA

The 3 (cid:1) -terminal ends of both the positive and negative strands of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, the latter being the replicative intermediate, are most likely the initiation sites for replication by the viral RNA- dependent RNA polymerase, NS5B. The structural features of the very conserved 3 (cid:1) plus [( (cid:1) )] strand untranslated region [3 (cid:1) ( (cid:1) ) UTR] are well established (K. J. Blight and C. M. Rice, J. Virol. 71:7345-7352, 1997). However, little information is available concerning the 3 (cid:1) end of the minus [( (cid:2) )] strand RNA. In the present work, we used chemical and enzymatic probing to investigate the conformation of that region, which is complementary to the 5 (cid:1) ( (cid:1) ) UTR and the ﬁrst 74 nucleotides of the HCV polyprotein coding sequence. By combining our experimental data with computer predictions, we have derived a secondary-structure model of this region. In our model, the last 220 nucleotides, where initiation of the ( (cid:1) ) strand RNA synthesis presum-ably takes place, fold into ﬁve stable stem-loops, forming domain I. Domain I is linked to an overall less stable structure, named domain II, containing the sequences complementary to the pseudoknot of the internal ribosomal entry site in the 5 (cid:1) ( (cid:1) ) UTR. Our results show that, even though the ( (cid:2) ) strand 3 (cid:1) -terminal region has the antisense sequence of the 5 (cid:1) ( (cid:1) ) UTR, it does not fold into its mirror image. Interestingly, comparison of the replication initiation sites on both strands reveals common structural features that may play key functions in the replication process.
Intelligent Electronic Nose Systems with Metal Oxide Gas Sensors for Fire Detection

—In this paper, a reliable electronic nose system designed from the combination of various semi-conductor metal oxide gas sensors (MOGS) is applied to the detection of ﬁre resulting from various sources in a kitchen. The time series signals obtained from the same source of ﬁre are highly correlated, and different sources of ﬁre exhibit unique patterns in the time series data. Therefore, the error back-propagation (BP) method can be effectively used for the classiﬁcation of the tested smell. The accuracy of 99.6% is achieved by using only a single training data set from each source of ﬁre. The accuracy achieved with the k -means algorithm is 98.3%, which also shows the high ability of the EN in detecting the early stage of ﬁre from various sources.
DETERMINATION OF THE THRUST REQUIREMENT FOR A FIGHTER AIRCRAFT ENGINE VIA MISSION ANALYSIS

In order to initiate the design process for a new aeroengine, it would be necessary that a matching study be performed between the aircraft under design and its prospective power plant. In this work wing loading and engine thrust reqiurements are determined. Within this context thrust level is determined for a fighter jet whose mission profile is pre-determined. While the mission profile is being decided upon a typical first-day-of-the-war mission scenario for a new generation fighter aircraft is considered. Mission legs were handled individually and the solution space is restricted by drawing the corresponding constraint curve for each one. A point within the feasible solutions region is selected regarding the state-of-the-art. For the determined mission profile the appropriate sea level thrust to take-off weight ratio . happens to be around 1.2. At the design point the selected thrust loading . is 7.0 kPa. As a result of mission analysis it has been observed that the aircaft spends 1.9% of its take-off weight as ammunition and 58% of its initial take-off weight as fuel. The overall duration for the mission is calculated to be 98 minutes.
Performance Evaluation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor for NO x Reduction Using Non-thermal Plasma Technology

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the influence of effective parameters on the performance of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor for Nitrogen oxides (NO x) removal by using Non-thermal plasma. The electrode length, the electrode diameter as well as the voltage and frequency of the power generator are studied. To simulate NO x emitted from diesel engine, the combination of pure NO x and N2 cylinders is used. Pulsed plasma treatment of the simulated gas is used due to the advantages of pulse power technology than AC and DC energizations. The results show the capability of the system in reducing NO x from the simulated gas by introducing plasma inside the reactor. Furthermore, increasing the electrode diameter as well as electrode length increases the removal efficiency of NO x. In addition, varying the voltage and frequency of the power generator will affect the performance of DBD reactor.
B Lymphocytes to Enter the Cell Cycle Caspase Activity Is Required for Stimulated

Following activation with proliferative stimuli, including ligation of CD40, dense human tonsillar B cells ( > 98% cells in G 0 ) have increased cleavage and activation of caspase-8 and -6 accompanied by decreased caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Proliferation was blocked by either a broad speciﬁcity caspase inhibitor or inhibitors selective for caspase-6 or caspase-8. In contrast, an inhibitor selective for caspase-3 was without effect. Furthermore, induction of cyclin D and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 mRNA and protein was blocked upon inhibition of caspase-6, but not caspase-3. Thus, caspase-6-like activity is required for quiescent B cells to increase the expression of genes required for entry into G 1 . In support of this model, the transcriptional suppressor special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1, a preferred caspase-6 substrate, was cleaved upon B cell stimulation. Caspase activity was not required for all signaling events, as caspase inhibitors did not affect the phosphorylation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase, the expression of the survival factor cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2, or the production of IL-6 by stimulated G 0 B cells. These ﬁndings suggest a mechanism by which caspase-6 may selectively allow entry of quiescent B cells into the cell cycle. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 170: 6065–6072.
A Novel Dual Phase Mechanism for Data Transmission to Provide Compression and Security

-Now a day’s internet traffic has been increased rapidly so, the requirement of securing the data has been increased where the eyes of the intruders are on gathering the information and also misusing the gathered information and also due to this rapid growth of internet traffic the size of the data which is been transferred through the internet should be compressed, for this compression we use Mod-encoder technique. This technique encodes the given plain text into encoded and compressed data but the integrity of the message can be easily lost if the intruder can find out the base value on which the encoding depends on , for this case, we propose a mechanism by further encrypting the encoded data using encryption algorithm.
Major histocompatibility complex class I and II expression on macrophages containing a virulent strain of Brucella abortus measured using green £uorescent protein-expressing brucellae and £ow cytometry

Immune responses appropriate for control of an intracellular pathogen are generated in mice infected with Brucella abortus , shown by the ability of T cells to adoptively transfer resistance to naive mice. The infection nevertheless persists for months. It was hypothesized that one factor in maintaining the infection despite the presence of immune T cells was suboptimal expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on macrophages containing brucellae. This would allow B. abortus to elude detection by the host’s immune system. To test this, B . abortus organisms expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP- Brucella ) were constructed and three-color flow cytometry used to evaluate MHC expression on macrophages following in vitro or in vivo infection. When infected in vitro, the levels of MHC class I and class II expression on J774 macrophages containing GFP- Brucella were the same or higher than on macrophages without GFP- Brucella in the same cultures. Similarly, the MHC expression was higher on GFP þ peritoneal exudate cells following infection or phagocytosis of heat-killed GFP- Brucella than it was on uninfected peritoneal exudate cells. Following in vivo infection of mice the level of MHC class I and II expression on GFP þ cells in their spleens (the main site of infection) also tended to be as high as or higher than that on the GFP-negative cells. The only in vivo GFP þ cells that showed a decreased MHC expression was a population of splenic Mac1 þ cells recovered from interferon- Q gene-disrupted mice at the time of their death due to an overwhelming number of bacteria per spleen. Overall, it was concluded that decreased MHC expression is not a general principle associated with brucella infection of macrophages and thus not likely to contribute to maintenance of the chronic infection. ; 2002 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Revisiting Point Cloud Classification with a Simple and Effective Baseline

Processing point cloud data is an important component of many real-world systems. As such, a wide variety of point-based approaches have been proposed, reporting steady benchmark improvements over time. We study the key ingredients of this progress and uncover two critical results. First, we ﬁnd that auxiliary factors like diﬀerent evaluation schemes, data augmentation strategies, and loss functions, which are independent of the model architecture, make a large diﬀerence in performance. The diﬀerences are large enough that they obscure the eﬀect of architecture. When these factors are controlled for, PointNet++, a relatively older network, performs competitively with recent methods. Second, a very simple projection-based method, which we refer to as SimpleView, performs surprisingly well. It achieves on par or better results than sophisticated state-of-the-art methods on ModelNet40, while being half the size of PointNet++. It also outperforms state-of-the-art methods on ScanObjectNN, a real-world point cloud benchmark, and demonstrates better cross-dataset generalization.