Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Predefined-Time Adaptive Neural Network Control for Disturbed Pure-Feedback Nonlinear Systems With Zero Tracking Error

This article presents a global adaptive neural-network-based control algorithm for disturbed pure-feedback nonlinear systems to achieve zero tracking error in a predefined time. Different from the traditional works that only solve the semiglobal bounded tracking problem for pure-feedback systems, this work not only achieves that the tracking error globally converges to zero but also guarantees that the convergence time can be predefined according to the user specification. In order to get the desired predefined-time controller, first, a mild semibound assumption for nonaffine functions is skillfully proposed so that the design difficulty caused by the structure of pure feedback can be easily solved. Then, we apply the property of radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs) and Young’s inequality to derive the upper bound of the term that contains the unknown nonlinear function and external disturbances, and the designed adaptive parameters decide the derived upper and robust control gain. Finally, the predefined-time virtual control inputs are presented whose derivatives are further estimated by utilizing finite-time differentiators. It is strictly proved that the proposed novel predefined-time controller can guarantee that the tracking error globally converges to zero within predefined time and a practical example is shown to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed predefined-time control method.
Epidemiological Study on Burnout in Spanish Dentists: Underlying Psychological Factors

The aim of this work is to study the personality factors and coping styles of Spanish dentists when facing burnout syndrome, through epidemiological work. An epidemiological study of 1928 Spanish dentists was undertaken through an online survey, which registered the age and gender, and three questionnaires: NEO-FFI (personality traits), Brief COPE (coping styles), and MBI-HSS (burnout questionnaire). A multivariate analysis and an explanatory binary logistic regression model were used to estimate the presence of burnout. Neuroticism turned out to be the strongest indicator (OR 1.10; IC 95% 1.09–1.14), while extraversion (OR 0.93; IC 95% 0.91–0.95) and agreeableness (OR 0.94; IC95% 0.92–0.98) showed an inverse relationship with the occurrence of burnout, as did age (OR 0.9; IC95% 0.96–0.99). Conscientiousness (OR 1.0; IC95% 1.00–1.06) had a direct relationship with the presence of burnout. An avoidant coping style was the only indicative coping style (OR 1.04 IC95% 1.02–1.06). Approximately 70% of the dentists scored high on one of the three dimensions of burnout. No differences were found in the degree of burnout according to gender. Certain personality factors (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), the avoidant coping style, and age are powerful indicators to attempt to forecast the presence of burnout syndrome in dentists.
Public Perceptions and Acceptance of COVID-19 Booster Vaccination in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccination has been proposed in response to the new challenges of highly contagious variants, yet few studies have examined public acceptance of boosters. This study examined public acceptance of COVID-19 booster vaccination and its influencing factors by using the data from a self-administered online cross-sectional survey conducted in June 2021 in China. Multiple logistic analysis was used to examine the influencing factors of booster acceptance based on the health belief model (HBM). Among 1145 respondents, 84.80% reported to accept COVID-19 booster vaccination. Having COVID-19 vaccination history, perceiving high benefits and low barriers to booster vaccination, being younger (18–30 vs. 41–50), having a lower education level, being employed, and belonging to priority groups for vaccination were associated with increased odds of booster acceptance. The primary reason for refusing booster vaccination was concern about vaccine safety. The vast majority (92.8%) of respondents reported an annual willingness to pay between 0 and 300 CNY (0–46.29 USD) if the booster was not free. Our findings suggest that the acceptance rate of booster vaccination is relatively high in China, and the HBM-based analysis reveals that more efforts are needed to increase perceived benefits and reduce perceived barriers of vaccination to design effective and proper vaccination extension strategies when boosters become widely recommended.
Self‐Assembly of Copper Polypyridyl Supramolecular Metallopolymers to Achieve Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy

Abstract Self‐assembled functional supramolecular metallopolymers have demonstrated application potential in cancer therapy. Herein, a copper polypyridyl complex was found able to self‐assemble into a supramolecular metallopolymer driven by the intermolecular interactions, which could enhance the uptake in cancer cells through endocytosis, and thus effectively inhibiting tumor growth in vivo without damaging to the major organs. This study provides a facile way to achieve enhanced anticancer efficacy by using self‐assembled metallopolymers.
Reduction of voltage stress in integrated high-quality rectifier-regulators by variable-frequency control

The Integrated High-Quality Rectifier-Regulators (IHQRRs) suffer from relatively high stress on the internal-energy storage capacitor and, consequently, on primary-side semiconductors. As a result, they are not practical in applications with the universal input-voltage range. In this paper, a variable-frequency control that reduces the voltage stress and makes the IHQRRs suitable for universal input-range applications is described. Evaluation results of a 90 W, experimental BIBRED power converter that uses the proposed variable-frequency control are presented. <<ETX>>
Lateral polysilicon pn diodes: current-voltage characteristics simulation between 200 K and 400 K using a numerical approach

The current-voltage characteristics of lateral pn diodes fabricated in polysilicon layer grown by LPCVD on oxidized silicon substrates are analyzed versus temperature. The simulation proposed by Greve (1985) using the analytical current modeling is applied to forward and reverse junction currents for various temperatures; this modeling shows its limitations. Then to fit the experimental characteristics at low and high temperatures as well as at low and high current levels, a numerical modeling is developed taking into account the local electrical field effect on recombination and generation mechanisms at grain boundaries in the whole of the structure, i.e., quasi-neutral and depleted regions. This modeling allows one to fit the complete I-V experimental curves in the whole of the considered temperature range (200 K-400 K) with physical acceptable parameters. >
Construction of a New Type of Modular Tubular Machine

A new type of tubular machine in modular construction that can work either like motor or generator is presented in the paper. It belongs to the transverse flux machines class and operates based on the variable reluctance principle. Two topologies of the machine, with and without permanent magnets (PM), are approached here. A prototype of the tubular machine with electromagnetic excitation, having a stator core built from laminated sheets and the mover core made of soft magnetic composite material, was built and is shown in the paper. The use of the new soft magnetic composite material, Somaloy 700 HR, having 3D magnetic isotropy, brings important advantages in building the structure. The innovative construction, implying the alternation of the magnetic pieces called modules with no-magnetic spacers, has very good performances. A prototype of this machine was built and a test bench equipped with control and monitoring devices in order to perform experimental tests. Some possible applications showing the potential of the proposed machine are also presented.
Modeling of Spatially Controlled Biomolecules in Three-Dimensional Porous Alginate Structures

This paper presents a computer-aided design (CAD) of 3D porous tissue scaffolds with spatial control of encapsulated biomolecule distributions. A localized control of encapsulated biomolecule distribution over 3D structures is proposed to control release kinetics spatially for tissue engineering and drug release. Imaging techniques are applied to explore distribution of microspheres over porous structures. Using microspheres in this study represents a framework for modeling the distribution characteristics of encapsulated proteins, growth factors, cells, and drugs. A quantification study is then performed to assure microsphere variation over various structures under imaging analysis. The obtained distribution characteristics are mimicked by the developed stochastic modeling study of microsphere distribution over 3D engineered freeform structures. Based on the stochastic approach, 3D porous structures are modeled and designed in CAD. Modeling of microsphere and encapsulating, biomaterial distribution in this work helps develop comprehensive modeling of biomolecule release kinetics for further research. A novel multichamber single nozzle solid freeform fabrication technique is utilized to fabricate sample structures. The presented methods are implemented and illustrative examples are presented in this paper.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENT INFORMATION SYSTEM OF ASSESSING THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS ON THE PUBLIC HEALTH

The following investigation is based upon the treated patients’ data of the East-Kazakhstan region and information about the level of emissions in Ust-Kamenogorsk for the same period. The analysis resulted in correlation between specific diseases and industrial emissions. The study of the influence of environmental factors on the health of the population and the risk of disease is an urgent and demanded task. The idea of the work: to identify and quantify the relationship between atmospheric pollution by emissions of harmful substances from industrial enterprises with the damage caused to the health of the population. The purpose of the work: to develop, on the basis of theoretical research and processing of statistical materials, a methodology for predicting the negative impact of harmful emissions on the health of the population. The research was constructed with neuro-net modelling technology. “Intelligent information system of Assessing the negative impact of industrial emissions on human health (on the example of UstKamenogorsk data)” based on neural network technology was created to automate tasks. The information system was developed using the C # programming environment. A certificate on data registration in the state register of copyrighted objects of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 16777, from April 20, 2021 (see Figure 10) was received.
On the equilibria of power systems with nonlinear loads

A discussion is presented of various structure-preserving models for power systems along with their differential-algebraic and local-normal-form representations. The different models emanate from a variety of the generator and load damping properties. The equilibria of interest reflect the bus power imbalance after a fault and depend on the nature of the generator and load damping. The classical view of dynamical system equilibria cannot be applied to these models unless an unrealistic assumption about the bus real power balance is made. Transformations of frequency and bus power resolve this difficulty. The results provide a useful basis for the derivation of energy functions of power systems and their justification as Lyapunov functions. >
Distributed single-mode fiber to single-mode planar waveguide coupler

Light transfer between a curved single-mode fiber and a single-mode planar waveguide is investigated experimentally in dependence on the refractive index and thickness of the planar waveguide and for different polishing depths. Marcuse's model is applied to treat theoretically the coupler, leading to a very good agreement with the experimental results. >
How to Prove Work: With Time or Memory

Proposed by Dwork and Naor (Crypto’ 92) as an anti-spam technique, proof-of-work is attracting more attention with the boom of cryptocurrencies. A proof-of-work scheme involves two types of participants, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\textit {i.e.}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, provers and verifiers. Provers are asked to solve a computational puzzle, and verifiers need to check the solution’s correctness. A widely adopted hash-based construction achieves an optimal gap in computational complexity between provers and verifiers. However, in industry, proof-of-work is done by highly dedicated hardware, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\textit {e.g.}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, “ASIC”, which is not generally accessible, let alone the high energy consumption rates. In this work, we turn our eyes back to the original meaning of “proof of work”. Under a trusted setting, we propose a framework and its constructions based on computationally hard problems and the unified definition of hard cryptographic primitives by Biryukov and Perrin (Asiacrypt’ 17). The new framework enables us to have a proof-of-work scheme with time-hardness or memory-hardness while cutting down power consumption and reducing the impact of dedicated hardware.
Cognitive Attitudes, Behavioral Choices, and Purchasing Habits during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Based on an in-depth survey of the literature, the purpose of the paper is to explore cognitive attitudes, behavioral choices, and purchasing habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using and replicating data from Deloitte, Harris Interactive, KPMG, KuRunData, and Toluna, we performed analyses and made estimates regarding how the COVID-19 outbreak limits consumers' choice options, shaping their shopping and dietary behaviors in conformity with regulations and procedures as regards purchasing products and services, while reducing their perceived risk of exposure to such a contagious virus. Descriptive statistics of compiled data from the completed surveys were calculated when appropriate. Further research should consider the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumer satisfaction judgments, behavior patterns, and purchase intentions.
Influence before and after Early Mobilization of Changes in Pain Levels in Post Orthopedic Surgery Patients at Royal Prima Medan Hospital in 2021

Orthopedic surgery is a surgical action associated with the correction of musculoskeletal system deformities and orthopedic problems that aim to improve function by restoring movement and stability and reducing pain and disabilities. Early mobilization is a prominent factor in speeding up postoperative recovery and may prevent postoperative complications. This study aims to find out the influence before and after early mobilization of changes in pain levels in orthopedic postoperative clients at RSU Royal Prima. This type of research uses a correlational descriptive research design, using the One Group Pretest-Postest approach. The location of this study was conducted at RSU Royal Prima Medan in March 2021. The population of all patients’ post-surgery orthopedic hospitalization amounted to 176 patients. The size of the sample uses the formula Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), then the number of samples is determined to be 100 people. Univariate analysis, bivariate with t-dependent test (paired t-test) with a meaningful limit of 0.05. The results of the study that there was a change in the level of pain Wilcoxon test results at the time of the pre-test the result of the mean value of 3.82, at the time of the post-test test the mean value was 2.34. So the result of Z = -5,358 then p-value as much as 0.004 < 0.05 so that Ho is rejected and Ha accepts. The conclusion of the level of pain before early mobilization in the client post orthopedic surgery the majority feels even more pain and the minority experience severe pain. The level of pain after early mobilization in the majority of orthopedic postoperative clients was slightly more painful and the minority felt even more pain. There is an early mobilization effect on pain changes in orthopedic postoperative clients in patients in the hospital room of RSU Royal Prima in 2021.
Correlates of hormonal modulation in mantled howler monkey males, Alouatta palliata.

OBJECTIVES The study of hormone modulation may offer important insight into the responses of individuals to environmental challenges. Here we studied C-peptide, thyroid hormone (T3), glucocorticoid (GC), and testosterone (T) metabolites of mantled howler males to assess: 1) correlations among hormones; 2) individual and temporal variation in hormone concentrations; and 3) the influence of ecological, climatic, behavioral, social, and reproductive factors on hormone variation. METHODS We studied 10 adult males at La Flor de Catemaco (Mexico) from January 2012 to December 2016. We collected information on food availability; ambient temperature; time budgets; male involvement in mating, agonistic interactions, and interactions with extragroup males. We analyzed C-peptide concentrations in urine samples and T3, GC, and T in fecal samples. RESULTS C-peptide was negatively correlated with other hormones, whereas T3, GC, and T were positively related. Hormonal variation was unrelated to individual or yearly differences. Food availability was positively related to C-peptide and T3, and negatively related to GC. Involvement in mating was positively related to T3 and T, whereas the rate agonistic interactions was positively related to GC and T. The rate of interactions with extragroup males was positively related to T. When males mated, the increase in C-peptide and the decrease in GC with increasing food availability were less notable. CONCLUSIONS Hormonal variation in mantled howler monkey males is generally stable, but it is influenced by several factors. Our results offer a broad picture of the hormonal modulation of mantled howler monkey males in response to diverse challenges.
Small-scale drivers on plant and ant diversity in a grassland habitat through a multifaceted approach

Semi-natural grasslands are characterized by high biodiversity and require multifaceted approaches to monitor their biodiversity. Moreover, grasslands comprise a multitude of microhabitats, making the scale of investigation of fundamental importance. Despite their wide distribution, grasslands are highly threatened and are considered of high conservation priority by Directive no. 92/43/EEC. Here, we investigate the effects of small-scale ecological differences between two ecosites present within the EU habitat of Community Interest of semi-natural dry grasslands on calcareous substrates (6210 according to Dir. 92/43/EEC) occurring on a Mediterranean mountain. We measured taxonomic and functional diversity of plant and ant communities, evaluating the differences among the two ecosites, how these differences are influenced by the environment and whether vegetation affects composition of the ant community. Our results show that taxonomic and functional diversity of plant and ant communities are influenced by the environment. While vegetation has no effect on ant communities, we found plant and ant community composition differed across the two ecosites, filtering ant and plant species according to their functional traits, even at a small spatial scale. Our findings imply that small-scale monitoring is needed to effectively conserve priority habitats, especially for those that comprise multiple microhabitats.
Interactive Effects of Biochar, Nitrogen, and Phosphorous on the Symbiotic Performance, Growth, and Nutrient Uptake of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

Numerous studies reported the positive effect of soil amendment with biochar on plant development. However, little is known about biochar and its interrelation with nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) additions and their impact on plant growth. We carried out greenhouse experiments to understand the interactive effects of nitrogen and phosphorus supply, as well as biochar amendment, on the symbiotic performance of soybean (Glycine max L.) with Bradyrhizobium japonicum, and plant growth and nutrient uptake. The biochar was produced from maize by heating at 600 °C for 30 min and used for pot experiments at an application rate of 2%. Plants were fertilized with two different concentrations of P (KH2PO4) and N (NH4NO3). Biochar application significantly increased the dry weight of soybean root and shoot biomass, by 34% and 42%, under low nitrogen and low phosphorus supply, respectively. Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation enhanced the dry weight of shoot biomass significantly, by 41% and 67%, in soil without biochar and with biochar addition, respectively. The nodule number was 19% higher in plants grown under low N combined with low or high P, than in high N combinations, while biochar application increased nodule number in roots. Moreover, biochar application increased N uptake of plants in all soil treatments with N or P supply, compared with B. japonicum-inoculated and uninoculated plants. A statistical difference in P uptake of plants between biochar and nutrient levels was observed with low N and high P supply in the soil. Our results show that the interactions between nitrogen, phosphorus, and biochar affect soybean growth by improving the symbiotic performance of B. japonicum and the growth and nutrition of soybean. We observed strong positive correlations between plant shoot biomass, root biomass, and N and P uptake. These data indicated that the combined use of biochar and low N, P application can be an effective approach in improving soybean growth with minimum nutrient input.
TNFα Mediates Inflammation-Induced Effects on PPARG Splicing in Adipose Tissue and Mesenchymal Precursor Cells

Low-grade chronic inflammation and reduced differentiation capacity are hallmarks of hypertrophic adipose tissue (AT) and key contributors of insulin resistance. We identified PPARGΔ5 as a dominant-negative splicing isoform overexpressed in the AT of obese/diabetic patients able to impair adipocyte differentiation and PPARγ activity in hypertrophic adipocytes. Herein, we investigate the impact of macrophage-secreted pro-inflammatory factors on PPARG splicing, focusing on PPARGΔ5. We report that the epididymal AT of LPS-treated mice displays increased PpargΔ5/cPparg ratio and reduced expression of Pparg-regulated genes. Interestingly, pro-inflammatory factors secreted from murine and human pro-inflammatory macrophages enhance the PPARGΔ5/cPPARG ratio in exposed adipogenic precursors. TNFα is identified herein as factor able to alter PPARG splicing—increasing PPARGΔ5/cPPARG ratio—through PI3K/Akt signaling and SRp40 splicing factor. In line with in vitro data, TNFA expression is higher in the SAT of obese (vs. lean) patients and positively correlates with PPARGΔ5 levels. In conclusion, our results indicate that inflammatory factors secreted by metabolically-activated macrophages are potent stimuli that modulate the expression and splicing of PPARG. The resulting imbalance between canonical and dominant negative isoforms may crucially contribute to impair PPARγ activity in hypertrophic AT, exacerbating the defective adipogenic capacity of precursor cells.