Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantal cumulant mechanics and dynamics for multidimensional quantum many‐body clusters

We developed the quantal cumulant mechanics for treating multidimensional quantum many-body clusters including twobody interaction such as the Morse potential. To evaluate an effective potential appearing in the actual calculation, a Gaussian fitting method was adopted to approximate the Morse potential. The number of the Gaussians that are required to reproduce the total energy of a classical three-dimensional (3D) Morse 3 (M3) cluster is 31, where the error is 10 � 6 . We compared structures of the classical M3 cluster with those of quantum counterpart and found that the quantum structure have broad distribution due to zero point vibration effects. The symmetry of the cluster becomes lower from D3h to D2h by applying the diagonal approximation to the cumulant matrices. Conversely, the original and spherical approximation holds the symmetry constraint. We also perform the same analyses on 2D M4 cluster with two different stable structures, where one has D3h symmetry and the other D2h symmetry. In the latter case, the diagonal approximation accidentally gives the same results as the original one, when two of three Cartesian axes coincide with the cluster symmetric axes. When the cluster rotates with respect to these axes, the results of the diagonal approximation deviate from those by the original one and the artificial symmetry breaking is also found. We also evaluate the optimized structures of the highly symmetric small Morse clusters Mn ranging from n ¼ 4–7 and compare with those with the corresponding classical ones. We found that the errors of both the diagonal and spherical approximations in total energy decrease with the number of particles. This fact indicates that these approximations will be useful to investigate static and dynamical properties of many-particle quantum clusters with low computational cost. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of thin-layer structures by the ionic layer deposition method

A review is presented of ionic layer deposition, one of the methods of synthesising thin-layer structures of a predetermined composition with very precise thinkness control on the surface of a support. Conditions for the synthesis of ultra-thin films of metal oxides, hydroxides, phosphates, chromates, sulfides, and tellurides on the surface of metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics are discussed. The advantages of the method are pointed out, including the possibility of synthesising layers in an automatic regime under mild conditions at room temperature on substrates of complex shape by using simple apparatus. The problems which prevent the wider use of the method are formulated, and ways of solving them are suggested. The bibliography includes 69 references.
Visual analysis based on CiteSpace software: a bibliometric study of atrial myxoma

Objective To use CiteSpace and VOSviewer visual metrology to analyze the research status, frontier hotspots, and trends in research on atrial myxoma. Methods The Web of Science core collection database was used to retrieve relevant literature on atrial myxoma from 2001 to 2022. CiteSpace software was used to analyze keywords with a co-occurrence network, co-polymerization class, and burst terms, and a corresponding visual atlas was drawn for analysis. Results A total of 893 valid articles were included. The country with the highest number of articles was the United States (n = 186). The organization with the highest number of articles was the Mayo Clinic (n = 15). The author with the highest number of articles was Yuan SM (n = 12). The highest cited author was Reynen K (n = 312). The highest cited journal was Annals of Thoracic Surgery (n = 1,067). The most frequently cited literature was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1995, which was cited 233 times. The keywords co-occurrence, copolymerization analysis, and Burst analysis revealed that the main research focuses were surgical methods, case reports, and genetic and molecular level studies on the pathogenesis of myxoma. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis revealed that the main research topics and hotspots in atrial myxoma included surgical methods, case reports, genetic and molecular studies.
Are two naïve and distributed heads better than one? Factors influencing the performance of teams in a challenging real-time task

Introduction Collective decisions in dynamic tasks can be influenced by multiple factors, including the operational conditions, quality and quantity of communication, and individual differences. These factors may influence whether two heads perform better than one. This study examined the “two heads are better than one” effect (2HBT1) in distributed two-person driver-navigator teams with asymmetrical roles performing a challenging simulated driving task. We also examined the influence of communication quality and quantity on team performance under different operational conditions. In addition to traditional measures of communication volume (duration and speaking turns), patterns of communication quality (optimality of timing and accuracy of instructions) were captured. Methods Participants completed a simulated driving task under two operational conditions (normal and fog) either as individual drivers (N = 134; 87 females, mean age = 19.80, SD = 3.35) or two-person teams (driver and navigator; N = 80; 109 females, mean age = 19.70, SD = 4.69). The normal condition was characterized by high visibility for both driver and navigator. The fog condition was characterized by reduced visibility for the driver but not for the navigator. Participants were also measured on a range of cognitive and personality constructs. Results Teams had fewer collisions than individuals during normal conditions but not during fog conditions when teams had an informational advantage over individuals. Furthermore, teams drove slower than individuals during fog conditions but not during normal conditions. Communication that was poorly timed and/or inaccurate was a positive predictor of accuracy (i.e., collisions) during the normal condition and communication that was well timed and accurate was a negative predictor of speed during the fog condition. Our novel measure of communication quality (i.e., content of communication) was a stronger predictor of accuracy, but volume of communication was a stronger predictor of time (i.e., speed). Discussion Results indicate when team performance thrives and succumbs compared with individual performance and informs theory about the 2HBT1 effect and team communication.
Healthcare adjustments and concerns: a qualitative study exploring the perspectives of healthcare providers and administrative staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia

Background Healthcare systems have modified their strategies to manage their staff, supplies, and space to deal systematically with the COVID-19 pandemic. This research aimed to explore the nature of hospital adjustments and the concerns of healthcare providers and administrative staff working in Governmental and private hospitals throughout the Qassim Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) during the pandemic. Methods A qualitative phenomenological study using semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 75 purposively selected healthcare providers and administrative staff working at three main hospitals in the Qassim Region, KSA. The maximum variation sampling technique was utilized. Recruitment of participants was continued until data saturation was reached. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically. Results Four core themes were identified in this paper: (1) changes in hospital policy and procedures, (2) workforce management, (3) the well-being of the workforce, and (4) apprehensions and expectations of the workforce. The participants showed satisfaction with timely administrative decisions and new policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the psychological health of healthcare professionals was affected more than their physical state. Finally, the providers perceived the emergence of multiple concerns in the coming months. Conclusion Although healthcare providers were initially overwhelmed, they gradually accepted new administrative policies. Numerous innovative interventions effectively reduced their physical workload and increased their productivity, but they remained significantly affected by a wide range of psychological disorders, with a high prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder. There were some concerns about the new SARS-CoV-2 variant, but the majority were optimistic.
Comparative expression analysis of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) to identify genes associated with economically important traits

The milk, meat, skins, and draft power of domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) provide substantial contributions to the global agricultural economy. The world's water buffalo population is primarily found in Asia, and the buffalo supports more people per capita than any other livestock species. For evaluating the workflow, output rate, and completeness of transcriptome assemblies within and between reference-free (RF) de novo transcriptome and reference-based (RB) datasets, abundant bioinformatics studies have been carried out to date. However, comprehensive documentation of the degree of consistency and variability of the data produced by comparing gene expression levels using these two separate techniques is lacking. In the present study, we assessed the variations in the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) attained with RF and RB approaches. In light of this, we conducted a study to identify, annotate, and analyze the genes associated with four economically important traits of buffalo, viz., milk volume, age at first calving, post-partum cyclicity, and feed conversion efficiency. A total of 14,201 and 279 DEGs were identified in RF and RB assemblies. Gene ontology (GO) terms associated with the identified genes were allocated to traits under study. Identified genes improve the knowledge of the underlying mechanism of trait expression in water buffalo which may support improved breeding plans for higher productivity. The empirical findings of this study using RNA-seq data-based assembly may improve the understanding of genetic diversity in relation to buffalo productivity and provide important contributions to answer biological issues regarding the transcriptome of non-model organisms.
Glutamate dynamics in the dorsolateral striatum of rats with goal-directed and habitual cocaine-seeking behavior

The shift from drug abuse to addiction is considered to arise from the transition between goal-directed and habitual control over drug behavior. Habitual responding for appetitive and skill-based behaviors is mediated by potentiated glutamate signaling in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS), but the state of the DLS glutamate system in the context of habitual drug-behavior remains undefined. Evidence from the nucleus accumbens of cocaine-experienced rats suggests that decreased transporter-mediated glutamate clearance and enhanced synaptic glutamate release contribute to the potentiated glutamate signaling that underlies the enduring vulnerability to relapse. Preliminary evidence from the dorsal striatum of cocaine-experienced rats suggests that this region exhibits similar alterations to glutamate clearance and release, but it is not known whether these glutamate dynamics are associated with goal-directed or habitual control over cocaine-seeking behavior. Therefore, we trained rats to self-administer cocaine in a chained cocaine-seeking and -taking paradigm, which yielded goal-directed, intermediate, and habitual cocaine-seeking rats. We then assessed glutamate clearance and release dynamics in the DLS of these rats using two different methods: synaptic transporter current (STC) recordings of patch-clamped astrocytes and the intensity-based glutamate sensing fluorescent reporter (iGluSnFr). While we observed a decreased rate of glutamate clearance in STCs evoked with single-pulse stimulation in cocaine-experienced rats, we did not observe any cocaine-induced differences in glutamate clearance rates from STCs evoked with high frequency stimulation (HFS) or iGluSnFr responses evoked with either double-pulse stimulation or HFS. Furthermore, GLT-1 protein expression in the DLS was unchanged in cocaine-experienced rats, regardless of their mode of control over cocaine-seeking behavior. Lastly, there were no differences in metrics of glutamate release between cocaine-experienced rats and yoked-saline controls in either assay. Together, these results suggest that glutamate clearance and release dynamics in the DLS are largely unaltered by a history of cocaine self-administration on this established cocaine seeking-taking paradigm, regardless of whether the control over the cocaine seeking behavior was habitual or goal directed.
Electronic conduction in Nb/Nb2O5/In structures and the effect of space‐charge overlap

Conduction in Nb/Nb2O5/In structures is strongly thickness dependent. Both present and previous data are interpreted by the model of an overlap MIM structure. In this model, conduction is through space-charge-limited flow of electrons injected from the metal electrode but the electrodes change the electron density in the oxide considerably due to the overlap of the two contact space-charge regions. Die Leitfahigkeit in Nb/Nb2O5/In-Strukturen ist stark dickenabhangig. Sowohl die angefuhrten als auch fruhere Werte werden mit dem Modell einer uberlappenden MIM-Struktur interpretiert. In diesem Modell wird die Leitfahigkeit durch raumladungsbegrenzten Flus von Elektronen hervorgerufen, die aus der Metallelektrode injiziert werden, jedoch andern die Elektroden die Elektronendichte im Oxid infolge der Uberlappung der beiden Kontaktraumladungsbereiche betrachtlich.
Toward New Polymeric Oxygen Scavenging Systems: Formation of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Oxygen Scavenger Film

Active packaging is a term that refers to the use of package to do more than merely protect the food from the outside environment. Amongst active packaging, oxygen scavengers can prevent oxidative damage to flavour and colour in a wide range of foods. They offer advantages in maintaining quality and extending shelf life. We thus present the use of a cobalt(II) complex with the ligand l‐threonine as a new oxygen scavenger. This complex, in addition to its high reactivity with oxygen after water activation, can be obtained easily in large amounts and does not react with oxygen in solid state. Thus, the incorporation of the Co(II)(l‐Thr)2(OH2)2 natural complex in organic polar polymer (poly(vinyl alcohol)) by casting process was conducted. The reactivity towards oxygen of the obtained films was evaluated by oxidation kinetics monitoring using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry as a function of time and relative humidity. Oxygen consumption of the active film was found equal to the complex alone (2.5 mg of O2 per gramme of complex) after water activation (90.5% relative humidity). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effects of Thyme and Clove Essential Oil Fortified Edible Films on the Physical, Chemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Kashar Cheese

About 1.5% (v/v) thyme and clove essential oils were added to 1.5% (w/v) sorbitol-amended whey isolate-based film. These films were used for coating traditional semi-hard kashar cheese (traditional Turkish cheese). Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus microorganisms were selected for the determination of antimicrobial properties of the films by artificial contamination. Additionally, some physical–chemical properties of the cheese were determined on storage time (1st, 15th, 30th and 60th). Based on the results, it was found that the thyme-fortified film (WPIOF) and the clove-fortified film (WPISF) both had positive effects on the physical–chemical properties of the kashar cheese. During the 60 days of storage, E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes and S. aureus levels all increased in uncoated control samples but decreased in samples coated with WPIOF and WPISF. A significant relationship was detected between the coating of the cheese samples with film containing essential oils and antimicrobial activity (P < 0.05). Practical Applications In this study, essential oil-fortified edible films were produced by adding 1.5% (v/v) thyme and clove essential oils to whey protein isolate (WPI) or emulsifying film (SWPI) obtained by the addition of sorbitol (S). Some of the kashar cheese samples were coated with these films and some of them were not (control samples). All of the cheese samples were artificially contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus for determination of antimicrobial properties of the films. Kashar cheese samples were stored at 4 ± 1C and their microbiological and physical–chemical properties were examined on the 1st, 15th, 30th and 60th days of storage.
Identification of key factors driving inflammation-induced sensitization of muscle sensory neurons

Sensory neurons embedded in muscle tissue that initiate pain sensations, i.e., nociceptors, are temporarily sensitized by inflammatory mediators during musculoskeletal trauma. These neurons transduce peripheral noxious stimuli into an electrical signal [i.e., an action potential (AP)] and, when sensitized, demonstrate lower activation thresholds and a heightened AP response. We still do not understand the relative contributions of the various transmembrane proteins and intracellular signaling processes that drive the inflammation-induced hyperexcitability of nociceptors. In this study, we used computational analysis to identify key proteins that could regulate the inflammation-induced increase in the magnitude of AP firing in mechanosensitive muscle nociceptors. First, we extended a previously validated model of a mechanosensitive mouse muscle nociceptor to incorporate two inflammation-activated G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways and validated the model simulations of inflammation-induced nociceptor sensitization using literature data. Then, by performing global sensitivity analyses that simulated thousands of inflammation-induced nociceptor sensitization scenarios, we identified three ion channels and four molecular processes (from the 17 modeled transmembrane proteins and 28 intracellular signaling components) as potential regulators of the inflammation-induced increase in AP firing in response to mechanical forces. Moreover, we found that simulating single knockouts of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and reducing the rates of Gαq-coupled receptor phosphorylation and Gαq subunit activation considerably altered the excitability of nociceptors (i.e., each modification increased or decreased the inflammation-induced fold change in the number of triggered APs compared to when all channels were present). These results suggest that altering the expression of TRPA1 or the concentration of intracellular Gαq might regulate the inflammation-induced increase in AP response of mechanosensitive muscle nociceptors.
Scaling Up of a Photoreactor for Formic Acid Degradation Employing Hydrogen Peroxide and UV Radiation

A model for scaling up a homogeneous photoreactor was developed and experimentally verified in a pilot-plant-size apparatus. The procedure is exemplified by the oxidation of dilute aqueous HCOOH solutions with UV radiation (254 nm) and H2O2. First, the kinetic model and the kinetic parameters of the HCOOH degradation were obtained in a well-stirred, small, batch flat-plate photoreactor (volume=70 ml). The method employed in the analysis of the experimental results yielded reaction-rate expressions for HCOOH and H2O2 that were independent of the reactor configuration. These kinetic equations and the corresponding kinetic constants were then used in a mathematical, fully deterministic model of a continuous-flow, 2-m-long, annular reactor (0.0065 m2 of cross section for flow) operating in a laminar-flow regime to predict exit concentrations of HCOOH. Irradiation was provided in both cases by two different types of germicidal lamps. No additional experiments were made to adjust the reactor-model parameters. Theoretical predictions from the representation of the reactor performance obtained were compared with experimental data furnished by experiments in the much-larger-size, cylindrical-flow reactor. Results showed good agreement for the range of variables explored; they corresponded to expected operating conditions in water streams polluted with low concentrations of organic compounds.
Development of an alternative technology for the oyster mushroom production using liquid inoculum

Pleurotus ostreatus, worldwide known as oyster mushroom, was cultivated in banana straw using inocula produced by two different processes - liquid inoculum and the traditionally used solid inoculum. Different ratios (5, 10, 15, and 20%) were tested. Biological efficiency, yield, productivity, organic matter loss, and moisture of fruiting bodies as well as physical-chemical characteristics of banana straw were studied. Significant differences were observed for cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose content between one and two harvests for both solid and liquid inocula. It was observed that P. ostreatus growth promoted higher degradation of lignin (80.36%), followed by hemicellulose (78.64%) and cellulose (60.37%). Significant differences between one and two harvests were also observed for the production parameters (biological efficiency and yield) for both kinds of inocula, liquid and solid. However, significant differences in productivity between harvests were observed only for solid inoculum.
Simultaneous measurement of flowing fluid layer and film thickness of a soap bubble using a UV−visible spectrophotometer

In this Letter we report a method for observing Marangoni convection driven fluid flow, in various soap bubble systems, using a UV−visible spectrophotometer. We also report time-dependent simultaneous measurement of the thickness of the fluid layer and thickness of the bubble film. The measurement is based on earlier reports1,2 of time-dependent monitoring of film thickness in a soap bubble by observing the interference maxima and minima occurring in the UV−visible region of wavelength. In the present case the interference maxima and minima due to the upward fluid flow appeared superimposed on those due to film thickness. Our observations suggest that the fluid layer thickness remains nearly constant for both vertical and horizontal bubbles even though the film thickness changes with time. The observed values of the fluid layer thickness are about 6.94 ± 0.15 μm for the vertical bubble and about 4.75 ± 0.09 μm for the horizontal bubble. Also, the intensity of the interference peaks due to Marangoni convec.
Conjugate Free Convection Heat Transfer in Vertical Eccentric Annuli.

Conjugate Laminar free convection heat transfer in vertical eccentric annuli has been numerically investigated. Many practical applications for natural convection in eccentric annuli can be found in electrical, nuclear, solar and thermal fields. In nuclear field, for instance, natural convection cooling of casks containing nuclear waste can exceed thermal guidelines if positioning becomes overly eccentric. Conjugate heat transfer means the transfer of heat from one body to another by means of combined conduction and convection. Heat transfer parameters such as heat flux, Nusselt number and mean bulk temperature have been numerically obtained for different values of eccentricity, wall thickness and conductivity ratio. The effect of eccentricity, conductivity ratio, wall thickness and radius ratio on channel height, required to induce specific flow rate, has also been investigated. Results of the present study are useful in establishing the limits for solid-fluid conductivity ratio, above which, and wall thickness, below which, the conjugate effect can be neglected for practical purposes.