Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compact Series-Fed Microstrip Patch Arrays Excited With Dolph–Chebyshev Distributions Realized With Slow Wave Transmission Line Feed Networks

Compact series-fed microstrip patch arrays are presented that are excited with Dolph–Chebyshev distributions realized with periodic stub-loaded slow wave transmission line (SW-TL) feed networks. The methodology to design these SW-TL feed networks is described in detail. The developed equivalent circuit representation reveals that their characteristic impedance can be modulated while maintaining their propagation constant (guided-wavelength) simply by modifying the widths of their stubs. These stub-loaded SW-TL feed networks are seamlessly integrated with uniformly spaced microstrip patch arrays. The desired Dolph–Chebyshev excitations are realized simply by modulating the widths of their stubs. Moreover, the slow wave property of the SW-TLs facilitates an advantageous closely spaced Dolph–Chebyshev current distribution, i.e., a very compact array with $0.3\lambda _{0}$ spacing between the array elements is attained. The Dolph–Chebyshev SW-TL feed networks are employed to excite microstrip patch arrays that radiate a broadside main beam with −30 dB sidelobe levels and a grating-lobe-free 50° tilted main beam. A measured prototype of the broadside-radiating array confirms its simulated performance characteristics. In comparison with conventional Dolph–Chebyshev arrays implemented with standard microstrip transmission line (MTL) feed networks, the optimized designs are grating-lobe-free and have enhanced bandwidths.
A Study of Machine Learning based Face Recognition for User Authentication

According to brilliant development of smart devices, many related services are being devised. And, almost every service is designed to provide user-centric services based on personal information. In this situation, to prevent unintentional leakage of personal information is essential. Conventionally, ID and Password system is used for the user authentication. This is a convenient method, but it has a vulnerability that can cause problems due to information leakage. To overcome these problem, many methods related to face recognition is being researched. Through this paper, we investigated the trend of user authentication through biometrics and a representative model for face recognition techniques. One is DeepFace of FaceBook and another is FaceNet of Google. Each model is based on the concept of Deep Learning and Distance Metric Learning, respectively. And also, they are based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. In the future, further research is needed on the equipment configuration requirements for practical applications and ways to provide actual personalized services.
Vitamin C stability in acerola and camu-camu powder obtained by spray drying

Abstract Acerola and camu-camu fruits possess high vitamin C content. However, since these fruits are little consumed in their fresh form, it is important to consider that vitamin C can be oxidized depending on storage conditions. Thus, this study aimed to produce acerola and camu-camu powders by spray drying to maintain the stability of their vitamin C content during storage. Acerola and camu-camu powders were characterized in relation to their physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and vitamin C concentration and stability under different storage conditions (30 °C and 40 °C, 75% relative humidity). In general, the powders were proven to be stable, with low water activity (< 0.40) and humidity (< 4.0 g/100 g powder), as well as high vitamin C concentrations (1593.2 and 6690.4 mg/100 g of powder for acerola and camu-camu, respectively). Furthermore, we observed a high antioxidant activity by ABTS●+, DPPH• and FRAP assays. The powders stored at lower temperature (30 °C) showed higher vitamin C stability. In conclusion, acerola and camu-camu powders produced by spray drying are potential sources of vitamin C and active compounds and are therefore suitable for several food industry applications.
Impact Analysis of Digital Divide on Food Security and Poverty in Indonesiain 2015-2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the digital divide on food security and poverty in Indonesia. The data were taken from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistik) from 2015 to 2017. This research used a quantitative method using Structural Equation Model (SEM). Digital divide, Food security and Poverty were the latent variables that were used in this research. The result of this study shows that the digital divide had a significant positive impact on food security while the impact of food security on poverty was negatively significant with the coefficient 0.894 and -0.616 respectively. There was no significant impact of the digital divide on poverty directly. It means that technology doesn't have any significant contribution to Poverty reduction in Indonesia. However, when the reduction from the data was conducted, and only specific province who have good ICT development were used, the result was different. ICT development had a significant impact to reduce poverty in Indonesia.
Performance Study of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Based on Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Controller on Active Dual Axis Solar Tracker

World energy consumption increases with time, so that occur an energy imbalance. Many breakthroughs have developed to utilize renewable energy. The photovoltaic system is one of the easy-to-use renewable energies. The power conversion from PV fixed is still low, so the PV system is designed using the active dual-axis solar tracker. The PV tracker position can be adjusted to change the sun position to get maximum efficiency. The active dual-axis solar tracker system is integrated with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to keep PV operating at a maximum power point even though input variations change. The active dual-axis solar tracker system integrated with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to keep PV operating at a maximum power point even though input variations change. Tracking test simulation had done by comparing the output power of a fixed PV system with the active dual-axis solar tracker. Type-2 fuzzy logic based MPPT successfully increased the average output power by 10.48 % with the highest increase of 17.48 % obtained at 15:00 West Indonesia Time (GMT+7). The difference in power from a fixed PV system with the active dual-axis solar tracker of 36.08 W is from the output power worth 206.3 to 242.4 W.
Biochemical and Physiological Changes in Response to Salinity in Leaves and Roots of Two Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Genotypes

Abstract Salt stress is a major abiotic stress that limits agricultural productivity in many regions of the world. To understand the molecular basis of the salt stress response, two wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cultivars, Karim and Azizi, which are of agronomic significance in Tunisia, were grown under non-saline and saline conditions (100 mM). Leaves and roots of control and salt-stressed plants were harvested after 11 days of salt treatment. Karim cultivar may behave as a typical Na+ include, which compartmentalizes Na+ within the leaf cell vacuoles where it could be used as an osmoticum to lower the osmotic potential necessary for the maintenance of the plant hydric status. While, accumulation of K+ was greater in Karim cultivar compared to Azizi, in both organs, presenting an important manifestation of salinity tolerance. Significant changes in metabolism of antioxidative system were observed, with an increase in protein tyrosine nitration, which indicates that salinity stress induces a nitro-oxidative stress.
RNA isolation from Peyer’s patch lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes to determine gene expression profiles using NanoString technology

Sampling and immune surveillance within gut-associated lymphoid tissues such as the intestinal Peyer’s patch (PP) occurs by an elegantly orchestrated effort that involves the epithelial barrier, B and T lymphocytes, and an extensive network of mononuclear phagocytes. Although we now understand more about the dynamics of antigen and microbial sampling within PPs, the gene expression changes that occur in individual cell subsets during sampling are not well characterized. This protocol describes the isolation of high-quality RNA from sorted PP, B and T-lymphocytes, and CD11c+ phagocytes for use with nCounter-NanoString technology. This method allows investigators to study gene expression changes within PPs in response to antigens, microbes, and oral vaccine delivery vehicles of interest that are sampled.
Social Group Recommendation With TrAdaBoost

In recent years, group recommendation has become a research hotspot and focus in online social network community. Currently, several deep-learning-based approaches are leveraged to learn preferences of groups for items and predict the next items in which groups may be interested. Yet, their recommendation performance is still unsatisfactory due to the sparse group–item interactions. In order to address this problem, in this article, we introduce an effective model, namely Social Group Recommendation model with TrAdaBoost (SGRTAB), to raise the performance of group recommendation in online social networks. The SGRTAB model includes two stages: data preprocessing (DP) and model optimization (MO). In DP, SGRTAB produces inputs for MO and implements three related tasks: extracting individual features, handling group data via GloVe, and utilizing user contribute ratings to their own groups, whereas in MO, SGRTAB implements group preference learning with the assistance of user preference learning based on the TrAdaBoost algorithm. Specifically, SGRTAB can effectively absorb the knowledge of user preferences into the process of group preference learning through the idea of transferring-ensemble learning. Moreover, extensive experiments on four real-world data sets indicate that the proposed SGRTAB model significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines for social group recommendation.
A Hybrid Active and Passive Cable-Driven Segmented Redundant Manipulator: Design, Kinematics, and Planning

With a light-slender and superior dexterous body, the cable-driven segmented redundant manipulators (CSRMs) are excellent candidates for operations in narrow confined space. However, their application is still largely limited due to their weak stiffness, low load capacity, and complex modeling and planning. In this article, we design a new type of CSRM with high stiffness and load capacity using hybrid active and passive cables, and propose a simplified kinematics modeling and configuration planning method. The manipulator is composed of three active-linkage segments and one active tool end-effector. Each active segment, driven by three active driving cables, has two degrees of freedom (DOFs). By utilizing the passive linkage cables, the segment can be fully constrained with high stiffness, and move with equal joint angles in nearly continuous shape. Based on such structural features, the kinematics equations about the active segment-joint variables (i.e., the equalpitch and yaw angles of the whole segment) are derived. The direct, inverse kinematics and differential kinematics are greatly simplified. To find suitable solutions under environment constraints, extended virtual joint (EVJ) is introduced for quick regional solutions searching and equivalent kinematic constraint analysis. Furthermore, a configuration planning method based on the simplified kinematics and equivalent EVJs is proposed for single obstacle avoidance and continuous narrow space crossing tasks. Finally, a prototype system is developed and typical experiments are performed. The results show the high linkage accuracy, improved stiffness, and load capacity of the developed CSRM and verify the adaptability of the proposed configuration planning method.
Do individual attitudes towards imprecision survive in experimental asset markets?

In situations where both the magnitude of gains and losses as well as the probability distribution over these realizations is uncertain, imprecision is an inherent feature of decision-making. While imprecision has been shown to affect individual valuations, many decisions are made in market settings with potentially different implications. We thus examine the impact of imprecision, first, in an individual decision task, and second, in experimental asset markets—with no imprecision (risk), imprecision in probabilities (ambiguity), imprecision in outcomes, and full imprecision. We find imprecision seeking in outcomes in people’s individual attitudes, but these preferences do not withstand market dynamics. Nevertheless, we observe imprecision aversion in probabilities at the end of trading, suggesting that ambiguity aversion, in contrast, prevails in experimental markets.
Univariate and multivariate controlled release nitrogen pairing on lettuce culture performance

There are few studies in the literature that demonstrate the behavior of controlled release nitrogen fertilization in lettuce crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate, through univariate and multivariate pairing, the behavior of controlled release nitrogen sources on the performance of lettuce culture. The studies were conducted at the Horta dos Coqueiros property in Mineiros-GO, Brazil. The soil analyzes were taken before the experiment implementation, in the 0 to 20 cm layer, the soil was classified as NEOSSOL Quartzarenic. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, with a 2x2x5 factorial design corresponding to 2 lettuce genotypes (Americana cv. Lucy Brow and Crespa cv. Vanda), submitted to two controlled release N sources (NitroMais and Polyblen). doses (0, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg ha of N) performing 4 repetitions. Transplantation occurred 20 days after sowing in trays, with plant spacing of 30x30. Data collection occurred 45 days after transplantation used 5 central plants of each plot. The analyzes were performed in the Rbio R interface, besides the Genes Software. The analysis of variance revealed triple interaction among the variables. Quadratic effect was expressed for both genotypes on protected nitrogen sources. For high performance of lettuce cultura in the Americana genotype cv. Lucy Brown recommends the application of protected nitrogen Polyblen at a concentration of 217.50 and NitroMais at 174.38 kg ha of N, as well as the source Polyblen at a dose of 146.50 kg ha of N in the genotype Crespa cv. Vanda.
Analyzing time-aggregated networks: the role of bootstrapping, permutation, and simulation

Networks are often used to describe adaptive social systems, where individual (node) behaviour generates network-level structures that influence subsequent individual-level behaviour. To address questions about the dynamics of network structure in these systems, there is a need to analyze networks through time. Various statistical methods exist for estimating the behaviour of networks in time, in terms of both time-ordered and time-aggregated networks. In this paper, we discuss three main analytical steps for the analysis of time-aggregated network data: 1) aggregation choices, 2) null-model comparisons, and 3) constructing, parameterizing, and making inferences from time series models. We then present a custom R package, netTS, which facilitates these steps. Observed grooming data from a group of vervet monkeys, a highly social primate species, is used as an example to highlight three potential analyses: 1) quantifying the stability of network-level social structures through time, 2) identifying keystone nodes driving/maintaining network structures, and 3) quantifying the interdependence between node behaviour through time. In particular, we highlight the role of bootstrapping, permutation, and simulation as critical components in the analysis of time-aggregated networks.
Bacterial Reduction in Oval-Shaped Root Canals After Different Irrigant Agitation Methods

Objective: This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of Easy Clean®, passive ultrasonic irrigation and sonic irrigation against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in oval-shaped canals. Methods: Fifty-five extracted human teeth with similar dimensions were selected. Access cavities were prepared and the root canals were instrumented using Wave One® Primary files (25.08). The root canals were then contaminated with an E. faecalis suspension following incubation for thirty days. The contaminated roots were divided into three experimental groups (n=15) according to the irrigant agitation protocol (Easy Clean, passive ultrassonic irrigation and sonic irrigation), in addition to a positive control group (n=5) and a negative control group (n=5). Microbiological samples were taken from the root canals before instrumentation (S1), after instrumentation (S2) and after the final irrigation protocol (S3). The samples were assayed and incubated for 48 hours in order to obtain the residual titer of E. faecalis cells. Viable cells were quantified by colony-forming units (CFU) measurement. The collected data was submitted to statistical analysis by using Shapiro-Wilk`s test, Wilcoxon paired test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: All experimental groups presented significant reduction on bacterial load after instrumentation (P<0.05) with similar reduction among the groups. After the agitation protocols, significant reduction in bacterial load was demonstrated for all groups (P<0.05). However, no differences were shown among Easy Clean®, PUI and SI (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that all tested groups exhibited similar disinfection effectiveness. However, none of them was able to render all root canals free from microorganisms.
Enhancing Coupled Networks Robustness via Removing Key Fragile Dependency Links

In coupled networks, a small number of node failures will cause large-scale cascading failures of the whole networks, so coupled networks are more fragile than the general networks. We find that there are some fragile dependency links with high centrality nodes at both ends between coupled sub-networks. Once damaged, it will cause serious cascading failures. Therefore, we propose a method to enhance the robustness of coupled networks by removing key fragile dependency links. First, based on the node centrality, we propose the dependency link centrality product index, analyze the potential destructiveness of fragile dependency links and find the key fragile dependency links. Second, based on removing key fragile dependency links, the risk of cascading collapse after network failures is reduced and the robustness of coupled networks is improved. Compared with the existing removing random dependency links strategy, removing key fragile dependency links strategy proposed in this brief can make coupled networks more robust via removing fewer dependency links, thereby retaining most of the dependency links and better maintaining the network integrity and functionality. The numerical simulation results on three interdependent networks show the effectiveness of this strategy.
A Wideband CMOS Frequency Quadrupler With Transformer-Based Tail Feedback Loop

In this brief, a millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) wideband frequency quadrupler is demonstrated in a 55-nm CMOS technology. It cascades two injection-locked frequency doublers (ILFD). Each of them consists of an oscillator gain stage realized by an injection-locked oscillator (ILO) and a frequency doubler implemented by a push-push pair. A tail feedback loop is proposed and applied in the second ILFD. It effectively boosts the injection current for the second ILFD. Therefore, both the operating bandwidth and output power (Pout) of the circuit are prominently improved. In addition, transformer-based high-order resonators are used to reduce the phase variation of their impedance around 0° and hence extend the locking range of ILOs. According to the measurement results, a frequency range of 30.8 ~ 40 GHz is achieved. The maximum Pout is up to -7.1 dBm without additional buffers. The circuit also attains a wide 3-dB frequency bandwidth of Pout, which is from 32 to 38.4 GHz. The harmonic rejection ratios of the frequency quadrupler are 16.5 ~ 25.9 dBc at the second-order harmonic and 31 ~ 45 dBc at the fundamental and third-order harmonics over the entire operating bandwidth. The core area occupies only 0.24 mm2.
At-Home Activities and Subjective Well-Being of Foreign College Students in Thailand during the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak

Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology (SIIT) is an international institute of Thammasat University (TU), located in Pathum Thani, Thailand. The courses are offered in English, and many foreign students are studying at SIIT-TU. The classes have been suspended since 16 March 2020 to slow down the COVID-19 disease spread, and the students are suggested to study online at home. The present study intends to understand the at-home activities and well-being of foreign students. A web-based survey was conducted from 22 through 23 March 2020 to record the activities and well-being of the students on 20 and 21 March 2020. Happiness and stress levels with the seven-points Likert scales were considered as the two output variables (1 = lowest and 7 = highest). The ordered probit model was applied to develop the subjective well-being models, taking into account at-home activities. The results highlighted that students who were happier were more likely to study for longer at home, but that studying for longer increases stress levels. Students who were less happy and more stressed were more likely to speak on the phone for longer, while doing exercise at home for longer increased the likelihood of happiness. This paper contributes to a better understanding of at-home activities associated with well-being of foreign students in Thailand during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Multi-scale computational studies of heterochromatin protein-1

Liquid-liquid phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins has recently become a foundational mechanism in molecular and cell biology. The emergent “liquid view” is oﬀering a fresh perspective for understanding a longstanding problem of chromatin organization and regulation in eukaryotic nuclei. The family of heterochromatin proteins have been shown to undergo phase separation in vivo and in vitro, thereby providing clues for connecting molecular interactions of proteins, formation of heterochromatin domains, and the emergent gene regulatory processes. Understanding the molecular speciﬁcity and mechanisms by which heterochromatin proteins orchestrate nuclear processes, however, is a highly non-trivial question because of the multi-scale nature of the system, spanning from individual molecular components to large-scale nuclear domains. In this thesis, we report ﬁrst steps toward underlying the multi-scale picture of heterochromatin protein actions. By carrying out simulations of heterochromatin protein components with all-atom and coarse-grained modeling, we shed light on detailed molecular features which drive the formation of aggregates and condensates in the nucleus. The study provides a stepping stone towards understanding hete-rochromatin formation and gene silencing from a ground-up molecular perspective.