Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cell-Type Annotation Priors for scRNA-seq

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are popular for interpreting scRNA-seq data. However, the unimodal prior distribution they typically assume is unrealistic: cells in most scRNA-seq datasets cluster by cell type in the posterior distribution. This model misspeciﬁcation harms performance on downstream tasks. To address this problem, we propose capVI, a VAE that uses a hierarchical prior with one mode per cell type. To ensure that each mode corresponds to exactly one cell type, capVI leverages known cell-type annotations to pre-train a classiﬁer. This classiﬁer is then incorporated into a VAE-style encoder-decoder network which is trained end-to-end with unannotated scRNA-seq data. We validated capVI using two datasets: a public dataset containing scRNA-seq measurements for 11k peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and a second dataset containing scRNA-seq measurements for 41k PBMC cells which were sequenced and annotated by Immunai. For both datasets, capVI substantially outperformed both a popular VAE-based method (scVI) and Scanorama in terms of cLISI, a metric describing the extent to which cells are separated by cell type in latent space. UMAP-based visualizations conﬁrmed that capVI tightly clusters cells of the same type while separating cells of different types.
Colored Ball Position Tracking Method for Goalkeeper Humanoid Robot Soccer

The goalkeeper robot in a robot soccer game must be able to detect position of the ball and block the ball into the goal. Identifying the location of the ball using robot vision becomes very important in addition to the mechanical motion of the robot. This paper proposed method to track colored ball position for goalkeeper robot. First, image is captured with web camera and then color filtering based on HSL color model performed on each image frame in the video. After that, images from filtering process are detected its blob by labeling nearest connected components. The largest blob in image represents the ball. The next step is detection of ball position using 9-Cells coordinate. Ball position coordinate is updated in some period of time and then sends to robot controller to conduct the robot's movements appropriately. Experiment results show that system is able to detect the ball and its position in 9-Cells coordinate which can be used by goalkeeper robot soccer controller to block the ball.
ECONOMIC PAPERS

Corporate investment in Germany has been relatively weak for a prolonged period after the financial crisis. This was remarkable given that interest rates and overall economic activity, important determinants of corporate investment, developed quite favourably during that time. These developments highlight the fact that the dynamics of business cycles varies over time: each cycle is somewhat different. A promising new line of research to identify the driving factors of business cycles is the use of narratives (Shiller 2017, 2020). Widely shared stories capture expectations and beliefs about the workings of the economy that may influence economic behavior, such as investment decisions. In this paper, we use Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to identify topics from news (text) data related to corporate investment in Germany and to construct suitable indicators. Furthermore, we focus on isolating those investment narratives that show the potential to lead to substantial improvement of the forecasting performance of econometric models. In our analysis, we demonstrate the benefit of using media-based indicators to improve econometric forecasts of business equipment investment. Newspaper data carries important information both on the future developments of investment (forecasting) as well as on current developments (nowcasting). Moreover, the identified investment narrative enables the researcher to improve her/his understanding of the investment process in general and allows to incorporate exogenous developments as well as economic sentiment, news and other relevant events to the analysis. JEL-Code: C53, C82, E32
Altered Modulation of the Movement-Related Beta Desynchronization with Force in Stroke – a Pilot Study

Conventional therapy improves motor recovery after stroke. However, 50% of stroke survivors still suffer from a significant level of long-term upper extremity impairment. Identifying a specific biomarker whose magnitude scales with the level of force could help in the development of more effective, novel, highly targeted rehabilitation therapies such as brain stimulation or neurofeedback. Four chronic stroke participants were enrolled in this pilot study to find such a neural marker using an Independent Component Analysis (ICA)-based source analysis approach, and investigate how it has been affected by the injury. Beta band desynchronization in the ipsilesional primary motor cortex was found to be most robustly scaling with force. This activity modulation with force was found to be significantly reduced, and to plateau at higher force than that of the contralesional (unaffected) side. A rehabilitation therapy that would target such a neuromarker could have the potential to strengthen the brain-to-muscle drive and improve motor learning and recovery.Clinical Relevance— This study identifies a neural marker that scales with motor output and shows how this modulation has been affected by stroke.
Does Green Employee Empowerment Mediate the Relationship between Green HRM and Environmental Performance?

An empirical study was carried out in relation to Green HRM, Green employee empowerment and environmental performance owing to empirical and contextual gap. This study focuses on exploring the mediating role of green employee empowerment on the relationship between green HRM practices including green recruitment and selection, green training and development, green performance management and green rewards systems and environmental performance in dairy industry in Sri Lanka. This study has adopted quantitative research strategy and three hypotheses were developed based on empirical gaps identified in literature review. Data were gathered from managers in the dairy industry by using self-filled closed ended questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS software tool. Study found that green employee empowerment partially mediates the relationship between green HRM practices and environmental performance in dairy industry. Implications of this study have been drawn toward practitioners and researchers. This study provides managerial policy makers fruitful insights on sustainable business operations. It can be recommended that organizations should empower employees to engage in green initiatives through green HRM practices in order to enhance the environmental performance of the dairy firm. In order to encourage future researchers, this study has highlighted gaps in the green human resource management systems and environmental performance.
Some practical implications of latent separability with application to Spanish data*

The main aim of this paper is to check whether estimating a complete demand system under latent separability (as proposed by Blundell and Robin, 2000) instead of under weak separability has practical consequences. We estimate Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand Systems on fourteen non-durable goods both under weak and latent separability and then, we compare both the estimated results and those obtained after simulating tax reforms. Since the main problem for estimating the latent separable demand system is to decide the exclusive goods, we check whether changing the composition, not the number, changes the results. We confirm that some results are affected by the classification of exclusive goods. Moreover, we find greater differences among results with two different set of latently separable parameters than among latently and weakly separable coefficients. JEL Class. : C33, D12
OR/16/036 Development of the BGS unsaturated zone model-Earthwise

Nitrate units of measurement Nitrate concentrations can either be quoted as nitrate or NO3 (mg NO3 l) or as the equivalent amount of N (mg NO3-N l). These units are converted using the factor (molecular weight NO3/molecular weight N = 62/14 =4.43. For example the drinking water limit for nitrate is 50 mg NO3 l or 11.3 mg NO3-N l. In this report mg NO3-N l is used except where existing graphical material uses other units. Nitrogen in fertilisers is quoted as kg N ha.
Mind-Controlling Green Unmanned Vehicles through the Cloud: Building a Prototype

—Due to their practicality and low cost, unmanned vehicles have gained a lot of popularity recently. In this paper, we present our work on designing and building green unmanned vehicle prototypes powered by batteries that can be charged by photovoltaic cells. Moreover, our prototype vehicles are equipped with Arduino boards connected to different wireless communication devices (3G, WiFi, and Bluetooth) allowing them to be controlled in various ways. They can be controlled by establishing a connection between the Arduino board and the control device, which can be a smart phone or a laptop along with a neuroheadset. The connection can be direct as with the Bluetooth technology or indirect by using a dedicated cloud server. Finally, the vehicles are equipped with a camera that streams video wirelessly to the user. 
INVESTIGATING THE DYNAMIC CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP AMONG FDI, EXPORT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BANGLADESH

Modeling of causal relationships between foreign direct investment (FDI), export and economic growth for Bangladesh is the main purpose of this study and in this context time series data of these variables are taken over the period of 1975 to 2016 from World Development Indicator 2018. Time series analysis like unit root test, Johansen cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM) and Granger causality test based on VECM have been employed for empirical analysis in this study. Empirical results reveal that a unidirectional causality running from export to economic growth in the context of Bangladesh but no causal relationship exists between FDI and economic growth, and export and FDI.
3D Gaze Characteristics in Mixed-Reality Environment

— Recently, Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) have become popular, making it easier to experience Mixed Reality (MR) environments that fuse real and virtual space. With the ability of MR to locate virtual Three-Dimensional (3D) objects in the real space, our 3D perception may also change as this type of 3D experience increases. While there have been studies that measure 3D gaze in either virtual or real space, no studies have discussed how the MR affects 3D gaze. In this study, we developed a See-Through Head-Mounted Display (ST-HMD) to analyze the effect of MR environment on 3D gaze measurement. We conducted experiments in two different physical environments: a room with and without depth cues. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in the measured 3D gaze between rooms with and without depth cues. Experiments of tracking the gaze of a visual target moving from back to front showed that the scanpath of the 3D gaze followed the trajectory of the target's movement.
Risk Factors of Youth Violence in Bangladesh: A Statistical Investigation

Youth violence is a serious public health problem which has received significant attention in recent years. No society or community, whether affluent or poor, urban or rural, is secure from its destructive effects. It has become a high-visibility, high-priority concern in our country, Bangladesh. The main objective of this study is to find out the risk factors of youth violence in Bangladesh. Furthermore, the determinants of weapon using during violence are also sought in this study. Binary logistic regression model is used for both the occasions. The study finds economic and education status as significantly influencing occurrence of youth violence. Age, division, and crime place are the significant risk factors for using weapon according to the findings of the study. Moreover, family type and effect of western culture have significant association with weapon using, while effects of drug and reasons of youth violence are also associated according to Chi-square test of significance. The study finds evidence that global networking and western culture have influence on youth violence. Though this is an era of globalization, we must become aware of the misuse of it of our youths. It is found from the result that the youths from lower middle and middle class family are more involved in youth violence. It is not suggested to upgrade their social status to lessen youth violence, they should be enhanced with more moral and social education, and that responsibility should be taken mainly by their families. The political leaders can play have a great role in reducing youth violence as youth have a significant tendency to use weapon in violence at political programs. After all, considering all the hazards to the country arriving from youth violence, Government should come forward with necessary steps to control this violence in a great extent.
Leaf epidermal anatomy of the genus Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from Pakistan

Anatomical studies of 16 species of the genus Silene have been carried out from Pakistan by light microscopy. There is considerable variation in leaf epidermal anatomy in the species of Silene. In anatomical studies type of stomata, shape and size of epidermal cells, trichomes and crystals are important to identify the taxa at specific level. In almost all the species abaxial surface was different from the adaxial surfaces. Diacytic type of stomata is the diagnostic character of family Caryophyllaceae. In Silene basic type of stomata is diacytic but some other stomatal types are also present such as anisocytic and anomocytic. S.arenosa can be easily distinguished by cristarque type of crystal. Epidermal cells of S. moorcroftiana are larger in size i.e.125 μm in length while in S. indica length of epidermal cell is 30μm. In S. villosa 4 5 celled glandular hairs are abundantly present that is its speciesspecific character. The study suggests that the genus Silene has both primitive as well as advanced characters. A dichotomous key is constructed for the species identification using the characters that have been studied.
Financial Development and Economic Growth: ARDL Model

The paper examines the relation between the development of financial sector and the economic growth in France, and Malaysia, to check the relation’s existence and to determine its direction. The econometric model used in this study is the auto-regressive distributed lags model ARDL. The main finding of this study is the existence of long-term relation between the development of financial sector and the economic growth in the two countries studied. Keywords—Financial development; Economic growth, ARDL. JEL codes: A12, C01, C22, C51, E51
CAT RESTRAINT TECHNIQUES

no restraint such as the concomitant recording of instrumental responses and brain activity. However, as a behavioral or neurobehavioral subject in studies requiring restraint, the cat has proved to be somewhat less than ideal. The cat's inherent dislike of and lack of tolerance for restraint has been a major obstacle in its wide use in detailed studies of response parameters and brain-behavior correlates. This situation can be contrasted with that of the rabbit, whose brain has been much less extensively studied, but whose behavioral responses have been well documented. The development of adequate restraint techniques for the cat, that can be used in as successful manner as that developed for the rabbit by Gormezano and his associates, should result in the aquisition of valuable data concerning the behavioral responses of the cat. This data, coupled with the wealth of neurophysiological information that is available concerning the cat, would make it an ideal subject for further studies of brain-behavior relationships. The purpose of this article is to examine the various attempts that have been made to avoid or reduce problems involved with cat restraint. These attempts include those in which the cat has been minimally restrained as well as systems involving long periods of adaptation, paralysis, or invasive measures such as skull bolts. Although these methods are briefly discussed here, the reader is encouraged to refer to these articles for more details regarding these restraint techniques. In addition, a cat restraint system recently developed in our laboratory will be described as a potential answer to many cat restraint problems encountered during behavioral and neurobehavioral research.
DARLING: Data-Aware Load Shedding in Complex Event Processing Systems

Complex event processing (CEP) is widely employed to detect user-defined combinations, or patterns, of events in massive streams of incoming data. Numerous applications such as healthcare, fraud detection, and more, use CEP technologies to capture critical alerts, threats, or vital notifications. This requires that the technology meet real-time detection constraints. Multiple optimization techniques have been developed to minimize the processing time for CEP, including parallelization techniques, pattern rewriting, and more. However, these techniques may not suffice or may not be applicable when an unpredictable peak in the input event stream exceeds the system capacity. In such cases, one immediate possible solution is to drop some of the load in a technique known as load shedding. We present a novel load shedding mechanism for real-time complex event processing. Our approach uses statistics that are gathered to detect overload. The solution makes data-driven load shedding decisions to drop the less important events such that we preserve a given latency bound while minimizing the degradation in the quality of results. An extensive experimental evaluation on a broad set of real-life patterns and datasets demonstrates the superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art techniques.
Gender dysphoria and sexual euphoria - A Bayesian perspective on the influence of gender-affirming hormone therapy on sexual arousal

While the concept of sexual orientation is more clearly defined in cisgender, this is less so in transgender individuals. Both experienced gender and sex hormones have a relation to sexual preferences, arousal in response to erotic stimuli, and thus sexual orientation. In transgender individuals sexual orientation occasionally changes before or during transition, which may involve gender-affirming hormone therapy. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated whether the neuronal and behavioral patterns of sexual arousal in transgender individuals moved from the given (before) to their chosen gender after 4.5 months of hormone therapy. To this aim, trans women and men as well as age-matched cisgender controls rated visual stimuli showing heterosexual, lesbian or gay intercourse for subjective sexual arousal. Utilizing a Bayesian framework allowed us to incorporate behavioral findings in cisgender individuals of different sexual orientations. The hypothesized changes in response patterns could indeed be observed in the behavioral responses to the single but not the differentiation between stimulus categories with the strongest results for trans men and lesbian scenes. Activation of the ventral striatum supported our hypothesis only for lesbian scenes in trans women. This prominent role of lesbian stimuli might be explained by their differential responses in cis women and men. We show that correlates of sexual arousal in transgender individuals might change in direction of the chosen gender. Future investigations longer into transition might resolve the discrepancy on behavioral and neuronal levels.
Fusion of KATZ measure and space projection to fast probe potential lncRNA-disease associations in bipartite graphs

It is well known that numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) closely relate to the physiological and pathological processes of human diseases and can serves as potential biomarkers. Therefore, lncRNA-disease associations that are identified by computational methods as the targeted candidates reduce the cost of biological experiments focusing on deep study furtherly. However, inaccurate construction of similarity networks and inadequate numbers of observed known lncRNA–disease associations, such inherent problems make many mature computational methods that have been developed for many years still exit some limitations. It motivates us to explore a new computational method that was fused with KATZ measure and space projection to fast probing potential lncRNA-disease associations (namely KATZSP). KATZSP is comprised of following key steps: combining all the global information with which to change Boolean network of known lncRNA–disease associations into the weighted networks; changing the similarities calculation into counting the number of walks that connect lncRNA nodes and disease nodes in bipartite graphs; obtaining the space projection scores to refine the primary prediction scores. The process to fuse KATZ measure and space projection was simplified and uncomplicated with needing only one attenuation factor. The leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) experimental results showed that, compared with other state-of-the-art methods (NCPLDA, LDAI-ISPS and IIRWR), KATZSP had a higher predictive accuracy shown with area-under-the-curve (AUC) value on the three datasets built, while KATZSP well worked on inferring potential associations related to new lncRNAs (or isolated diseases). The results from real cases study (such as pancreas cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer) further confirmed that KATZSP is capable of superior predictive ability to be applied as a guide for traditional biological experiments.
Impacts of body composition parameters and liver cirrhosis on the severity of alcoholic acute pancreatitis

Aim Liver cirrhosis and features of muscle or adipose tissues may affect the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). We aimed to evaluate the impact of body composition parameters and liver cirrhosis on the severity of AP in patients with alcohol-induced AP (AAP). Methods Patients with presumed AAP who underwent CT within one week after admission were retrospectively enrolled. L3 sectional areas of abdominal fat and muscle, and mean muscle attenuations (MMAs) were quantified. The presence of liver cirrhosis was determined using clinical and CT findings. Factors potentially associated with moderately severe or severe AP were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 242 patients (47.0 ± 12.6 years, 215 males) with presumed AAP were included. The mild and moderately severe/severe (MSS) groups included 137 (56.6%) and 105 patients (43.4%), respectively. Patients in the MSS group had higher rates of liver cirrhosis, organ failure, and local complications. Among body composition parameters, mean MMA (33.4 vs 36.8 HU, P<0.0001) and abdominal muscle mass (126.5 vs 135.1 cm2, P = 0.029) were significantly lower in the MSS group. The presence of liver cirrhosis (OR, 4.192; 95% CI, 1.620–10.848) was found to be a significant risk factor for moderately severe or severe AP by multivariable analysis. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that liver cirrhosis has a significant impact on the severity of AAP. Of the body composition parameters examined, MMA and abdominal muscle mass showed potential as promising predictors.