Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Witnessing Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 through Comparative Phylogenomics: The Proximate Origin is Guangdong, not Wuhan

A new form of coronavirus called severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a pandemic. A six-month evolutionary history of SARS-CoV-2 is witnessed by characterising the total genome of 821 samples using comparative phylogenomic approaches. Our analyses produced striking inclusive results that may guide scientists/professionals for the past/future of pandemic. Phylogenetic and time estimation analyses suggest the proximate origin of pandemic strain as Guangdong and the origin time as first half of September 2019, not Wuhan and December 2019, respectively. The viral genome experienced a substitution rate similar to other RNA viruses, but it is particularly high in some of the peptides encoding sequences such as leader protein, E gene, orf8, orf10, nsp10, N gene, S gene and M gene and nsp4, while low in nsp11, orf7a, 3C-like proteinase, nsp9, nsp8 and endoRNase. Most strikingly, the divergence rate of amino acid sequences is high proportional to nucleotide divergence. Additionally, specific non-synonymous mutations in nsp3 and nsp6 evolved under positive selection. The exponential growth rate (r), doubling time (Td) and R0 were estimated to be 47.43 per year, 5.39 days and 2.72, respectively. Comparison of synapomorphies distinguishing the SARS-CoV-2 and the candidate ancestor bat coronavirus indicates that mutation pattern in nsp3 and S gene enabled the new strain to invade human and become a pandemic strain. We arrive at the following main conclusions: (i) six months evolution of viral genome is nearly neutral, (ii) origin of pandemic is not Wuhan and predates formal reports, (iii) although viral population is ongoing an exponential growth, the doubling time is evolving towards shortening, and (iv) divergence rate of total genome is similar to other RNA viruses, but it is prominently high in some genes while low in some others and evolution in these genes should be closely monitored as their protein products intervening to pathogenicity, virulence and immune response.
MUSICAL DYNAMICS CLASSIFICATION WITH CNN AND MODULATION SPECTRA

To investigate variations in the timbre space with regards to musical dynamics, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were trained on modulation power spectra (MPS), mel-scaled and ERB-scaled spectrograms of single notes of sustained instruments played at two dynamics extremes ( pp and ff ). The samples, from an extensive dataset of several timbre families, were rms normalized in order to eliminate the loudness information and force the network to focus on timbre attributes of musical dynamics that are shared across different instrument families. The proposed CNN architecture obtained competitive results in three classiﬁ-cation tasks with all three input representations. In order to compare the different input representations, the test sets in three experiments were partitioned in order to promote or avoid selection bias. When selection bias was avoided, models trained on MPS were outperformed by those trained on time-frequency representations, conversely, those trained on MPS achieved the best results when selection bias was promoted. Low-temporal modulations emerged in class-speciﬁc MPS saliency maps as markers of musical dynamics. This led to the implementation of a MPS-based scalar descriptor of timbre that largely outperformed the chosen baseline (44.8% error reduction).
The Effect of Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Purchase Intention: The Mediating Role of Brand Loyalty

Celebrity endorsement is widely used tool for marketing communication strategy. Taking into consideration the increasing role of celebrity endorsement our study examines three dimensions of celebrity endorsement, including trustworthiness, expertise and attractiveness, with mediating role of brand loyalty as predictors of consumer purchase intention. For this, we explored relationships among these variables to test a conceptual model which is developed using existing knowledge available in academic research on this topic. Findings from a survey of 351 respondents advocate that celebrity credibility is a very strong key to increasing purchase intentions of cellular brand. The study has important implications for the expansion of current literature, theory development and business practices. Limitations of the study are also outlined, and directions for future research are considered too.
Numerical analysis of hybrid plasma generated by Nd:YAG laser and gas tungsten arc

When the output from a high power Nd:YAG laser irradiates a metallic surface, metal vapor is generated and changes into the plasma state, which is called a laser-induced plasma plume. If the high power laser is combined with an arc plasma, they mutually attract and influence each other. In this study, several analytic steps are introduced to analyze the laser-arc hybrid welding plasma. A conduction equation is first solved to obtain the temperature distribution on the metallic surface. Next, an analysis of the metal vapor is conducted to investigate the Ar–Fe mixture using a numerical method. As a result of the analysis, it is revealed that the plasma is concentrated in the vicinity of the laser-irradiation position and that the local temperature of the plasma is increased. Plasma flow and current density profiles are also affected by the laser irradiation. & 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Testing the usefulness and predictive power of the adapted Altman Z-score model for Bulgarian public companies

The applicability and predictive power of the models for predicting future corporate bankruptcy depend on both the selection of the individual indicators that are chosen to construct them and the coefficients (weights) with which they are included in the model. The latter are heavily dependent on the conditions in which the companies operate and require the adaptation of the models to the economic environment in different countries and/or to different types of companies. The purpose of the paper is to test the adapted Altman Z-score model for Bulgarian public manufacturing companies (D), derived by Georgiev and Petrova (2015) in order to verify its applicability and predictive power 5 years after its release. The empirical study is designed in three parts to meet the following objectives: (1) to verify the predictive power of the adapted model (D) using the original sample of companies; (2) to test the continued applicability of the model (D), using a new sample of companies that became insolvent five years after the adapted model was derived; and (3) to compare the accuracy of the adapted model (D) to the original Altman Z-score and Z’-score models for Bulgarian public manufacturing companies. The empirical data about the status (bankrupt/non-bankrupt) of the companies in the original sample confirms that the adapted model D (Georgiev and Petrova 2015) correctly predicted their future likelihood of bankruptcy with an even higher success rate than the one achieved in the initial study (85% for 2 years and 70 % - for 5 years into the future). The results from testing the model with new data prove that it is still effective in predicting bankruptcy and can be used in practice 5 years after its release, though its success rate shows a slight (about 5%) decrease. The results also show that the adapted model D performs better than the original Altman’s Z-score and Z’-score for Bulgarian public companies.
10 (Electricity)-10 (Gas)-10 (Water) + (Plus) Multi-family Competition and Energy Star Portfolio Manager Benchmarking Pilot Program Design

The 10 (Electricity) – 10 (Gas) – 10 (Water) + (Plus) Multi-family (MF) Competition and Benchmarking Pilot program is an approach to engage multi-family (MF) complexes to reduce electricity and gas usage by 10% and water more than 10% within a 12-month period using experimental design. The pilot will use a randomized encouragement design (RED) in a randomized control trial (RCT) in order to assess intervention strategies to motivate MF complexes to save energy. MF complexes will be randomly assigned to a control group or one of two treatment groups. Treatment groups will receive encouragement (i.e., incentives) to participate. Treatment Group 1 will receive feedback about their energy usage through a Comparative Usage Report, using ES Portfolio Manager as the tool, to engage property owners. Treatment Group 2 will also receive feedback through the same Comparative Usage Report, but will additionally engage in a MF complex-to-complex and MF city-to-city competition, to engage tenants. The MF market barriers are well documented, especially the split incentive barrier between property owners and renters. By engaging the apartment complex as a whole, this program design will be able to engage both property owners and renters to collectively achieve energy efficiency and conservation goals.
Disordered Quantum Many-Body Systems

The central goal of the workshop “Disordered Quantum Many-Body Systems” was to bring together for an exchange of views and perspectives, researchers working on open problems related to disordered many-body quantum systems. The workshop featured presentations of recent advances in many-body theory and in the theory of disordered systems, and of techniques and approaches from the different areas. Attention was paid to the existing challenges and the possibility of further progress through possible cross fertilization between related areas and directions of research.
Innovation Culture and Mechanisms and Their Effects on Developing E-Business

Innovation is a cornerstone of preserving market dynamism. E-business is a kind of innovation form, making more customers accessible in different times and places for the organizations. Every innovation needs to be adopted by the society. This study aims to use an innovation model as a work frame and e-business as an innovation form to examine the effects of innovation on e-business development. This survey is of analytic type using descriptive methods with applied goals. First, innovation culture as an effective factor on innovation elements is discussed. Then, innovation elements are examined based on Rogers’s theory; finally, e-business development mechanisms will be studied. The final result is a conceptual model, showing the relations between culture and innovation elements as well as e-business. This model was analyzed by AMOS software, confirming that organizational and individual innovation impacts e-business development via education.
ASSESSMENT OF KINEMATIC CMJ DATA USING A DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHM-BASED MARKERLESS MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of a 2D video-based markerless motion capture system to a conventional marker-based approach during a counter movement jump (CMJ). Twenty-three healthy participants performed CMJ while data were collected simultaneously via a marker-based (Oqus) and a 2D video-based motion capture system (Miqus, both: Qualisys AB, Gothenburg, Sweden). The 2D video data was further processed using Theia3D (Theia Markerless Inc.), both sets of data were analysed concurrently in Visual3D (C-motion, Inc). Excellent agreement between systems with ICCs >0.988 exists for Jump height (mean average error of 0.35 cm) and ankle and knee sagittal plane angles (RMS differences < 5°). The hip joint showed higher differences with an average RMSD of 16.9° but maintained a strong correlation of 0.885.
SURFACE-TO-SEABED SAFETY: ADVANTAGES OF SIMULATOR PRACTICE FOR SUBSEA INSTALLATION

Controlling elements of massive weights from surface to seabed and manoeuvring components in narrow spaces within employed modules are just some of the challenges in subsea installations. We report from a specific case of training and installation in a gas field off the Norwegian coastline. Here, two compressor trains, installed at a depth of about 300 m, now enhance exploitation of field reserves and diminish air pollution by eradicating gas compression from the surface to subsea process. In order to reduce risk and increase efficiency, simulator facilities are essential to enable procedure exploration and change, and to elaborate on mental models of subsea operations. The assembled cooperating crew alternates roles of action and observation during simulation sessions, thus allowing a more complete picture of the operation. The simulation sessions are reported to have speeded up the installation, indicating risk mitigation. We encourage further research on procedure investigations by utilisation of the simulator for subsea activities.
CTHULHU: The Design and Implementation of the Duke Robotics Club’s 2020 RoboSub Competition Entry

— In 2020, the Duke Robotics Club returns to the RoboSub Competition with a vastly improved robot, Cthulhu. Cthulhu is the brainchild of dozens of Duke University engineers who collaborate across three subsystem teams (mechanical, electrical, and software). The new robot features a compact yet feature-ﬁlled chassis, a reliable, high-performance electronics stack, and a ﬂexible ROS-based software architecture. Our focus this year was on improving Cthulhu’s autonomous capabilities – adding more actuators, stereo vision, custom controls, and computer vision via machine learning – and robust virtual and in-water testing. We are also an active member of the Durham, NC community, mentoring high school FTC and FRC teams.
Analysis of genetic diversity in six tilapia populations.

【Objective】The study was done to assess the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and aureus tilapia Oreochromis aureus. 【Method】The genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 278 tilapia from 6populations were analyzed using 20microsatellite markers. 【Result】Polymorphic bands could be amplified in 19pairs of primers and the average number of alleles in each pair of primers was 7.63. The genetic analysis of 6tilapia populations showed that:Four nile tilapia populations of GIFT,Guangdong nile tilapia,American nile tilapia and Egyptian nile tilapia had a higher genetic polymorphism,the average heterozygosities were 0.615 0,0.599 9,0.592 7and 0.622 7,respectively, and the average polymorphism information contents 0.607 0,0.530 2,0.509 5 and 0.520 5,respectively, and the average effective allele numbers 2.866 3,3.132 1,2.649 5 and 3.366 8,respectively.Two aureus tilapia populations of Guangdong and American had a low genetic polymorphism,the heterozygosities were 0.354 8,0.380 5,respectively,the average polymorphism information contents 0.281 7and 0.280 7,respectively,and the average effective allele numbers were 1.933 8and 1.707 7,respectively.NJ phylogenetic tree analysis showed that six populations were divided into two branches,the first branch consisted of the two aureus tilapia,and the second branch consisted of the four nile tilapia populations. 【Conclusion】The four nile tilapia populations had a rich genetic polymorphism while the two aureus tilapia populations had a low genetic polymorphism.The 19 microsatellite markers were effective markers for the analysis of genetic diversity and relationships among tilapia populations.
Response of pea and green onion to bacterial and mycorrhizal inoculation with low rate of mineral fertilizers under intercropping

The present work was carried out to evaluate mono and intercropped production of pea and green onion under low rate of mineral fertilizers with bacterial and mycorrhizal inoculation. Field experiments were executed at Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 seasons. Individual and combination inocula of N fixing bacteria (NFB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), combined with 50% of mineral fertilizers (NPK) were compared to 100% of NPK fertilizers on the plants of pea (cv. Intsar 1) and green onion (cv. Giza 20) as mono and intercropping (1:2). The highest values of all vegetative growth properties, nutritional status and yield of pea and green onion were recorded with monocropping plants. Application of 50% NPK+NFB+AMF improved growth, nutritional status of plants, yield, quality of pea pods and green onions compared to 100% NPK. Land equivalent ratio (LER) was greater than 1 with all treatments, it is a good efficiency indicator of land productivity. The highest value of LER was recorded with treatment of 50% NPK+NFB+AMF. Intercropping plants reduced the total fresh weight of weed compared to monocropping plants. It could be recommended the possibility of maximizing use efficiency of land and fertilizers, as well as reduction of weed growth via intercropping pea/green onion with applying 50% of mineral fertilizers with inoculation of N-fixing bacteria and mycorrhiza fungi.
Evaluation of assessment of caregiver experience with neuromuscular disease: reliability and responsiveness of a new caregiver-reported outcome measure in patients with cerebral palsy

Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of chronic childhood disability. Caregivers often provide prolonged care over patients’ life span, thus measuring the impact of the disease and its treatments on caregivers has become a recent focus in research. The current study aims to present an evaluation of the reliability and responsiveness of assessment of caregiver experience with neuromuscular disease (ACEND) following botulinum toxin injection to relieve spasticity in children with CP. Methods Patients with baseline ACEND scores and at least one assessment following botulinum toxin injection were enrolled. Data on their gender, age, diagnoses, and functional levels (according to The Gross Motor Function Classification System, GMFCS), and ACEND scores were analyzed. Statistical analyses performed included paired t-test and linear regression. Results Baseline ACEND scores (117.7±47.7) were strongly correlated with follow-up scores (120.4±49.5) with a coefficient of 0.929 (P<0.001), suggesting the high reliability of the questionnaire. Paired-sample t-test revealed an insignificant average improvement in ACEND of 2.7 (P=0.352). The ICD-10 code and the GMFCS level were found to be significant predictors for baseline (P=0.043, P<0.001) and follow-up ACEND scores (P=0.025, P<0.001). Male gender was a significant predictor for improvement in ACEND scores. Conclusions We demonstrated the reliability of ACEND through strong correlations of scores before and after botulinum toxin injection. In terms of responsiveness, while the burden of care is largely determined by ICD-10 diagnosis and the GMFCS level, changes in care burden are only related to the gender of the patient and the follow-up time interval.
Ekspresi Gen Protein Selubung Tomato Infectious Chlorosis Virus Pada Escherichia Coli

Expression of tomato infectious chlorosis virus coat protein gene on Escherichia coli. Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV) is the causal agent of chlorotic disease of tomato. Detection of TICV can be carried out by RT-PCR and serological test. Titer of TICV in plant tissue is very low because TICV is limited to phloem. Serological detection of TICV requires antiserum which is not available in Indonesia. Producing antibody through cloning and coat protein gene (TICV CP gene) expression is a promising approach in producing antiserum. The objective of this study was to express TICV CP gene as antigen for antiserum production. TICV CP gene was amplified using RT-PCR from total RNA extracted from TICV infected leaves collected from Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java. The amplified CP gene was then sequenced and sub-cloned into pET 21b expression vector, transformed into Escherichia coli strain BL21 DE3(pLysS) and induced expression using IPTG 1 mM overnight at 37 °C. CP that contains 6xhistag was purified using NiNTAspin column and then confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The size of TICV CP gene was 750 bp and the gene was expressed on pET 21 b vector and SDS-PAGE showed a 29 kDa band.
A Re-Evaluation of Burial Customs in the Pre- Pottery Neolithic B in light of Paleodemographic Analysis of the Human Remains from Kfar HaHoresh, Israel

Des traits paleodemographiques particuliers observes dans la population de Kfar HaHoresh, un site PPNB de Basse-Galilee, sont compares avec ce que l’on connait de la population du Sud du Levant. Ce grand echantillon de squelettes provient d’une fouille conduite sur le long terme dans des niveaux PPNB moyen et recent. La courbe de mortalite de la population de Kfar HaHoresh presente des differences significatives avec celle de cinq sites PPNB du Centre et du Sud du Levant, celle de la population cotiere de Atlit Yam et celle de 'Ain Ghazal (PPNB). A Kfar HaHoresh, la mortalite se caracterise par un taux eleve de deces entre 20 et 29 ans. Ce profil inhabituel vient confirmer d’autres observations et montre ainsi que le site de Kfar HaHoresh a pu jouer un role de centre regional ou s’accomplissaient des pratiques mortuaires cultuelles ou rituelles.
Create Anime Characters with A.I. !

Automatic generation of facial images has been well studied after the Generative Adversarial Network(GAN) came out. There exists some attempts applying the GAN model to the problem of generating facial images of anime characters, but none of the existing work gives a promising result. In this work, we explore the training of GAN models specialized on an anime facial image dataset. We address the issue from both the data and the model aspect, by collecting a more clean, well-suited dataset and leverage proper, empirical application of DRAGAN. With quantitative analysis and case studies we demonstrate that our eﬀorts lead to a stable and high-quality model. Moreover, to assist people with anime character design, we build a website 1 with our pre-trained model available online, which makes the model easily accessible to general public.
The Effect of the Working Environment and Job Factors on the Western Michigan University Resident Assistant Position

3 Introduction . 4 Literature Review . 6 Methods . 14 Results . 19 Cross-tabulations . 24 Discussion . 35 Implications. 40 Limitations . 43 Conclusion . 44
KNEE JOINT KINEMATICS OF SUPPORT LEG DURING MAXIMAL INSTEP KICKING IN FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of knee motion of support leg during maximal instep kicking on female soccer players. Their kicking motions were recorded by a motion capture system. The range of motion of knee angle (knee variation) was caluculated. There were significant negative relationships of foot velocity with knee variation (r =0.73, p < 0.05). The participants were divided into small (n = 8) and large (n = 8) variation groups based on their change amount of support leg knee angle during forward swing. Foot velocity, vertical hip velocity of kicking leg, and vertical centre of pelvis displacement during forward swing phase of small knee variation group than those of large variation group were found significant differences (p < 0.05). These results suggested that training for female players should focus on reducing knee angular displacement (flexion) of support leg during forward swing phase in instep kicking.