Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anzaite-(Ce), a new rare-earth mineral and structure type from the Afrikanda silicocarbonatite, Kola Peninsula, Russia

Abstract Anzaite-(Ce), ideally Ce3+4 Fe2+Ti6O18(OH)2, is a new, structurally complex mineral occurring as scarce minute crystals in hydrothermally altered silicocarbonatites in the Afrikanda alkali-ultramafic complex of the Kola Peninsula, Russia. The mineral is a late hydrothermal phase associated with titanite, hibschite, clinochlore and calcite replacing the primary magmatic paragenesis. The rare-earth elements (REE) (dominated by Ce), Ti and Fe incorporated in anzaite-(Ce) were derived from primary Ti oxides abundant in the host rock. Anzaite-(Ce) is brittle and lacks cleavage; the density calculated on the basis of structural data is 5.054(6) g cm-3. The mineral is opaque and grey with a bluish hue in reflected light; its reflectance values range from 15-16% at 440 nm to 13-14% at 700 nm. Its infrared spectrum shows a prominent absorption band at 3475 cm-1 indicative of OH- groups. The average chemical composition of anzaite-(Ce) gives the following empirical formula calculated on the basis of 18 oxygen atoms and two OH- groups: (Ce2.18Nd0.85La0.41Pr0.26Sm0.08Ca0.36Th0.01)Σ4. 15Fe0.97(Ti5.68Nb0.22Si0.04)Σ5. 94O18(OH)2. The mineral is monoclinic, space group C2/m, a = 5.290(2), b = 14.575(6), c = 5.234(2) Å, β = 97.233(7)°, V = 400.4(5) Å3, Z = 1. The ten strongest lines in the X-ray micro-diffraction pattern are [dobs in Å (I ) hkl]: 2.596 (100) 002; 1.935 (18) 170; 1.506 (14) 133; 1.286 (13) 1.11. 0; 2.046 (12) 2̅ 41; 1.730 (12) 003; 1.272 (12) 0.10. 2; 3.814 (11) 1̅11; 2.206 (9) 061; 1.518 (9) 172. The structure of anzaite-(Ce), refined by single-crystal techniques to R1 = 2.1%, consists of alternating layers of type 1, populated by REE (+ minor Ca) in a square antiprismatic coordination and octahedrally coordinated Fe2+, and type 2, built of five-coordinate and octahedral Ti, stacked parallel to (001). This atomic arrangement is complicated by significant disorder affecting the Fe2+, five-coordinate Ti and two of the four anion sites. The order-disorder pattern is such that only one half of these positions in total occupy any given (010) plane, and the disordered (010) planes are separated by ordered domains comprising REE, octahedral Ti and two anion sites occupied by O2-. Structural and stoichiometric relations between anzaite-(Ce) and other REE-Ti (±Nb, Ta) oxides are discussed. The name anzaite-(Ce) is in honour of Anatoly N. Zaitsev of St Petersburg State University (Russia) and The Natural History Museum (UK), in recognition of his contribution to the study of carbonatites and REE minerals. The modifier reflects the prevalence of Ce over other REE in the composition of the new mineral.
Implementation of non-newtonian rheology for granular flow simulation

Landslides of the debris flow type pose a serious natural hazard. These landslides are often triggered by hydro-meteorological processes during extreme precipitation events. Debris flows usually form a dense flow composed of water and poorly graded soil particles. The propagation of these landslides greatly influences the consequences they have. The run-out of debris flows is usually simulated with depth-averaged models. These are fast to simulate due to the integration over the flow height, which reduces the problem from three to two dimensions. For the design of countermeasures resisting the pressure from the flow, it can be advantageous to use more advanced 3D numerical methods, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The particle phase of debris flows has here been considered as a granular flow, and implemented as a non-Newtonian viscoplastic rheology in the open-source CFD code REEF3D. In the numerical model, the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations are discretized with the fifth-order accurate Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) scheme in space and with a third-order Runge-Kutta based fractional step scheme in time. The level set method used for representing the free surface handles the complex air-granular flow interface topology. The pressure gradient is modelled with Chorin’s projection method for incompressible flow. The granular flow rheology includes a Coulomb frictional yield stress, increasing with the normal stress, and a viscous term that is non-linear dependent on the shear rate. The implementation has been validated using results from laboratory dam break experiments with dry sands.
AN ADVANCED LEAKAGE SCHEME FOR NEUTRINO TREATMENT IN ASTROPHYSICAL SIMULATIONS

We present an Advanced Spectral Leakage (ASL) scheme to model neutrinos in the context of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) and compact binary mergers. Based on previous gray leakage schemes, the ASL scheme computes the neutrino cooling rates by interpolating local production and diffusion rates (relevant in optically thin and thick regimes, respectively) separately for discretized values of the neutrino energy. Neutrino trapped components are also modeled, based on equilibrium and timescale arguments. The better accuracy achieved by the spectral treatment allows a more reliable computation of neutrino heating rates in optically thin conditions. The scheme has been calibrated and tested against Boltzmann transport in the context of Newtonian spherically symmetric models of CCSNe. ASL shows a very good qualitative and a partial quantitative agreement for key quantities from collapse to a few hundreds of milliseconds after core bounce. We have proved the adaptability and flexibility of our ASL scheme, coupling it to an axisymmetric Eulerian and to a three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics code to simulate core collapse. Therefore, the neutrino treatment presented here is ideal for large parameter-space explorations, parametric studies, high-resolution tests, code developments, and long-term modeling of asymmetric configurations, where more detailed neutrino treatments are not available or are currently computationally too expensive.
LONG-TERM RESPONSE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO ELEVATED CARBON DIOXIDE IN A FLORIDA SCRUB-OAK ECOSYSTEM

The response of photosynthesis was analyzed during canopy closure in a Florida scrub-oak ecosystem exposed to elevated [CO2] (704 μmol CO2/mol air; concentration of CO2). The species were measured on six occasions, covering different seasons, during the third and fourth year of exposure to elevated [CO2]. The entire regrowth cycle of this community has been under elevated [CO2], providing a rare opportunity to assess the differential responses of species during the critical phase of canopy closure. Measurements were taken in order to determine both season-specific and species-specific differences in the response of photosynthesis to elevated [CO2]. Photosynthesis was measured with an open-gas exchange system, and in vivo rates of Rubisco carboxylation (Vc,max) and electron transport (Jmax) were derived to assess changes in the photosynthetic capacity in the codominant, evergreen oak species. Quercus myrtifolia did not show any change in photosynthetic capacity with prolonged exposure to elevated [CO2] dur.
Agro-morphological characterization of upland rice accessions

The agro-morphological characterization is fundamental in order to provide information for plant breeding programs. The aim of the present study was to characterize 146 accessions of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.), based on qualitative and quantitative agro-morphological descriptors. The experiment was conducted in Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, using a randomized block design with three replicates. Polymorphism was observed among 12 of 14 qualitative characters evaluated, whereas significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed for 11 of the 14 analysed quantitative traits. Genetic variance was higher than environmental variance and the average inheritability coefficients were above 80 % for all characters, which ensures the predominance of the genetic components in the differences observed among accessions. On the cluster analysis for qualitative traits the accessions were classified in two groups with a total of 18 duplicates, whereas for the quantitative traits three groups were obtained with few subgroups. The principal component analysis for quantitative traits showed great dispersion of the accessions. The most divergent group of accessions included the genotypes Mitsukasane, Mie, Tomoe mochi, Ooba kirishima and Nourin mochi 6, which showed a higher number of spicklets per plant. There is high variability among the rice accessions from the germplasm collection studied, which presents great importance for breeding programs or for genetic studies on this species.
Religiosity and parochial school choice: cause or effect?

In this study, we examine the effect of religiosity as measured by attendance at religious services on religious school choice. Particular attention is given to the possibly endogenous relationship between school choice and religiosity. We find that religiosity has an important causal effect on the demand for parochial schools. It is also shown that religiosity is substantially biased downward in OLS and probit estimates of parochial school choice. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for estimating the treatment effect of private school attendance on student outcomes.
COMPLEMENTARITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND MARKETING

This paper study the relation between information technology and marketing capabilities. The interface between marketing and information technology forms the subject of numerous empirical and conceptual research. The expanding adoption of information technology in marketing implies the knowledge about the e-marketing capabilities development factors and the potential of these capabilities to generate competitive advantage and to improve firm’s performance. The results of recent studies highlight that organizations witch integrate information technology in marketing processes can improve results in customer acquisition and retention processes, also provides other benefits like share growth and cost reduction and it also improve the firms marketing functions. The aim of this exploratory research is to identify the antecedents of e-marketing and technological capabilities of the firm. Understanding this link is arguably one of the key challenges facing organizations in today’s highly dynamic environment. It is also critical for marketing managers not only for determining strategic investments of resources but also for demonstrating marketing return on activities. E-marketing not only has a tremendous potential for growth but also poses unique challenges for all organisations, incumbents or new entrants.
Mycophenolic Acid Metabolite Levels in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Correlation with a Limited Sampling Strategy

Results: Plasma MPA AUC(0-8 h) metabolite levels correlated well with a limited sampling strategy based on the following equation: 9.1 + 5.7 × C0 + 1.1 × C40 min + 2.1 × C2 h (R = 0.74). There was a wide inter-patient variability in plasma MPA AUC metabolite levels despite conventional drug dosing practices. Patients on concomitant cyclosporine required higher Mycophenolic Acid Metabolite Levels in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Correlation with a Limited Sampling Strategy
of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth Structure of the oceanic lithosphere and upper mantle north of the Gloria Fault in the eastern mid-Atlantic by receiver function analysis

Receiver functions (RF) have been used for several decades to study structures beneath seismic stations. Although most available stations are deployed on shore, the number of ocean bottom station (OBS) experiments has increased in recent years. Almost all OBSs have to deal with higher noise levels and a limited deployment time (∼1 year), resulting in a small number of usable records of teleseismic earthquakes. Here we use OBSs deployed as midaperture array in the deep ocean (4.5–5.5 km water depth) of the eastern mid-Atlantic. We use evaluation criteria for OBS data and beamforming to enhance the quality of the RFs. Although some stations show reverberations caused by sedimentary cover, we are able to identify the Moho signal, indicating a normal thickness (5–8 km) of oceanic crust. Observations at single stations with thin sediments (300–400 m) indicate that a probable sharp lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) might exist at a depth of ∼70–80 km which is in line with LAB depth estimates for similar lithospheric ages in the Pacific. The mantle discontinuities at ∼410 km and ∼660 km are clearly identifiable. Their delay times are in agreement with PREM. Overall the usage of beam-formed earthquake recordings for OBS RF analysis is an excellent way to increase the signal quality and the number of usable events.
Assessment of Polymorphic AFLP Markers in Triticum durum and Aegilops sp.

Compared to other Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based molecular markers, the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) marker system probably requires more technical expertise for the sequential enzymatic reaction steps. In addition, the reproducibility of the AFLP marker patterns is much more dependent on the quality and the purity of the DNA samples to be processed. The present study describes the optimization of reaction conditions and determination of the most polymorphic selective amplification primer sets in a comparison of winter and spring type Turkish durum wheat varieties. AFLP products resulted in about 100 bands, and the number of polymorphic AFLP loci obtained ranged from 6 to 32 per selective primer combination. Among the nine Aegilops accessions, at a single combination, 137 polymorphic loci were observed.
Performance comparison of feature-based and CSCPG models for 3D spine reconstruction

Abstract 3D deformity of the spine-like scoliosis is commonly assessed using stereo-radiographic technique. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) modelling fail in this case, as they are obtained with the patient in sleeping position. Also, they are associated with heavy cost and radiation hazards. We have developed two models namely, feature-based model and a Combined Stereo-Corresponding Point And Geometric (CSCPG) model for 3D spine reconstruction using biplanar x-rays. The spinal disorder is quantified using two parameters, namely axial vertebral rotation and spinal curvature using both these methods. Their performance is compared by considering Non-Stereo-Corresponding Point (NSCP) model as the gold standard method. The feature-based model is less accurate compared to the CSCPG model. The performance of the feature-based model is also poor in the case of deformity quantification. A statistical significance test is conducted in order to verify its suitability in diagnosis of the spinal disorders. The accuracy of feature-based model can be improved by incorporating additional landmark features from the biplanar radiographs. The proposed CSCPG model has accuracy closer to the gold standard technique and can be used a diagnostic tool for the spinal disorders.
DEVELOPING A DEPENDENCY TREEBANK FOR KANNADA

Language syntax and semantics can be recorded in various forms like grammar rules, dictionary etc. An alternate to this approach is annotated corpus. There have not been major effort in this direction for Kannada. As part of this project we are carrying out annotation of about 200K words for POS, Morph and dependency annotation of sentences. The broad guidelines framed for this task is explained in this paper.
Reliability of three-dimensional kinematic gait data in adults with spinal cord injury

Objectives Three-dimensional gait analysis has been recommended as part of standardized gait assessment in people with spinal cord injury. The aim was to investigate inter- and intra-session reliabilities of gait kinematics in people with spinal cord injury. Methods Fifteen adults with spinal cord injury performed two test sessions on separate days. Six infrared cameras, 16 reflective markers and the Plug-in gait model were used. For each subject, five gait trials from both sessions were included. The Gait Profile Score and the Gait Variable Score were used as kinematic outcome measures. Reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change, and Bland–Altman plots. Results Inter-session intraclass correlation coefficient for all variables was >0.82 and standard error of measurement <1.8°, except for hip rotation. Intra-session reliability was found to be high (≥0.78) and slightly better than that for inter-session. Minimal detectable change for all variables was <4.7°, except for hip rotation. Conclusions The high inter- and intra-session reliabilities indicate small intrinsic variation of gait. Thus, three-dimensional gait analysis seems to be a reliable tool to evaluate kinematic gait in adults with spinal cord injury, but caution is warranted especially for hip rotation evaluation.
NT-ProBNP but not High Sensitivity CRP Independently Predict Abnormal Exercise Duke Score in Well-Controlled Hypertension and Pre-Hypertension An Study from the Subjects Undergoing Health Evaluation

Background: Hypertension is associated with ventricular-vascular remodeling and a higher risk of coronary artery disease. However, to what extent such myocardial damage is in relation to blood pressure remains controversial. We thus sought to investigate the change of exercise stress, LV function and biomarkers in subjects with well-controlled hypertension or at pre-hypertensive stage. Methods and Materials: Eligible subjects were divided into three subgroups: Normal Group: normotensives; Pre-HTN Group: patients at pre-hypertensive stage; Treated-HTN Group: hypertensive subjects with optimal medical control according to current treatment guidelines. Data of biomarkers, treadmill stress Duke score, and echocardiographic parameters were analyzed and compared across these three different categories. Results: Of 125 subjects enrolled, only 106 (mean age: 49.2 year old) met the inclusion criteria. Compared with the Normal group, Pre-HTN or Treated-HTN group had a lower exercise capacity, a lower Duke risk score, and a higher NT-ProBNP level. NT-ProBNP level remained a significant predictor of Duke score index after age and gender adjustment (per Log NT-ProBNP: -coefficient: -2.23, 95% CI: -4.06 to -0.41, P = 0.02). Surprisingly, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein was not significantly different among the groups, nor was it a good predictor of Duke score index. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that early increases of myocardial ischemic risk and NT-proBNP levels are present even in patients with pre-hypertension or well-controlled hypertension, and that NT-proBNP is capable of predicting such ischemic risk. This data suggests that an earlier and more aggressive therapeutic action may be warranted in those patients who were previously assumed to be adequately treated.
Information Contagion and Bank Herding 1 Viral

We show that the likelihood of information contagion induces pro t-maximizing bank owners to herd with other banks. When bank loan returns have a common systematic factor, the cost of borrowing for a bank increases when there is adverse news on other banks, since such news, in turn, conveys adverse information about the common factor. The increase in a banks cost of borrowing relative to the situation of good news about other banks is greater when bank loan returns have less commonality (in addition to the systematic risk factor). Hence, banks herd and undertake correlated investments so as to minimize the impact of such information contagion on the expected cost of borrowing. Competitive e¤ects such as superior margins from lending in di¤erent industries mitigate herding incentives. J.E. L. Classi cation: G21, G28, G38, E58, D62.
Global Dynamics of a Compressor Blade with Resonances

The global bifurcations and chaotic dynamics of a thin-walled compressor blade for the resonant case of 2 : 1 internal resonance and primary resonance are investigated. With the aid of the normal theory, the desired form associated with a double zero and a pair of pure imaginary eigenvalues for the global perturbation method is obtained. Based on the simpler form, the method developed by Kovacic and Wiggins is used to find the existence of a Shilnikov-type homoclinic orbit. The results obtained here indicate that the orbit homoclinic to certain invariant sets for the resonance case which may lead to chaos in the sense of Smale horseshoes for the system. The chaotic motions of the rotating compressor blade are also found by using numerical simulation.
New experimental techniques for fracture testing of highly deformable materials

A new experimental method for measuring strain fields in highly deformable materials has been developed. This technique is based on an in-house developed Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system capable of accurately capturing localized or non-uniform strain distributions. Thanks to the implemented algorithm based on a Semi-Global Matching (SGM) approach, it is possible to constraint the regularity of the displacement field in order to significantly improve the reliability of the evaluated strains, especially in highly deformable materials. Being originally introduced for Digital Surface Modelling from stereo pairs, SGM is conceived for performing a one-dimensional search of displacements between images, but here a novel implementation for 2D displacement solution space is introduced. SGM approach is compared with the previously in-house developed implementation based on a local Least Squares Matching (LSM) approach. A comparison with the open source code Ncorr and with some FEM results is also presented. The investigation using the present DIC method focuses on 2D full-field strain maps of plain and notched specimens under tensile loading made of two different highly deformable materials: hot mix asphalt and thermoplastic composites for 3D-printing applications. In the latter specimens, an elliptical hole is introduced to assess the potentiality of the method in experimentally capturing high strain gradients in mixed-mode fracture situations.
Ripples in the fabric of space-time

Einstein’s general theory of relativity is one of the finest achievements of the human mind. It has fundamentally changed the way we think about space and time, and how these in turn interact with matter. Based on this theory Einstein made several predictions, many of which have been verified experimentally. Among the most elusive phenomena that he predicted are gravitational waves, ripples in the fabric of space-time. They are disturbances in the space-time continuum which propagate with the speed of light. This contribution describes some of their properties, their sources and how it is intended to detect them.
Predicting outcome of face-to-face and telephone counselling for occupational stress

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate predictors of outcome of counselling, using mean change scores of three outcome measures, at treatment completion and at 4-months follow-up, in a randomised trial of face-to-face (n=30) versus telephone counselling (n=30) for occupational stress. Factors associated with treatment outcome were investigated using regression analyses with the mean change scores in three self-rated measures, including the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Scale (CORE), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) from pre- to post-intervention and pre-intervention to 4-months follow-up as the dependent variables and demographics, intervention-related and personality measures as independent variables. Irrespective of outcome measures and assessment points, it was found that the more severe the baseline symptomatology, the higher the degree of change was achieved. Clinical relevance of the present results and directions for future research are discussed.