Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eye of the Blamestorm: An Exploration of User Blame Assessment within Compound Digital Platforms

More and more IS-enabled technologies are being used within the context of ecosystems that include both hardware and software components that act together as a central platform; we term these ecosystems digital compound platform ecosystems. However, given the interconnectedness of components within these platforms, if an ambiguously sourced failure occurs within one of these ecosystems, users may blame and/or take action against components in the ecosystem that were not actually at fault. This study considers antecedents of both blame and discontinuance intent within such ecosystems given a system failure of ambiguous origins. We test manipulations for border strength, goal directedness, and resolution duration to understand their impact. We find that all three of these manipulations have an effect on user assessment of blame and discontinuance intent. Further, we establish that blame is not a required condition for discontinuance intent to occur.
A Rare Case of Insulinoma in a Thin, Lean Adult Male: A Case Report

Insulinoma is an insulin-secreting tumor that causes hypoglycemia due to inappropriately high insulin secretion. The Whipple's triad, which comprises indications of hypoglycemia (tremor, sweating, irritability, uneasiness, and weakness), plasma glucose concentration <55 mg/dL (3.0 mmol/L), and resolution of symptoms after administration of glucose, is utilized for the determination of insulinoma. In this report, we present the case of a thin, lean, adult male with a BMI of 22, who presented with repetitive episodes of tremor, sweating, weariness, and perplexity that occurred amid fasting and settled with meals, fulfilling Whipple's triad criteria for the determination of insulinoma. The episodes frequently led to seizures. Supervised fasting was carried out, which revealed raised C-peptide levels, low blood glucose, and negative sulfonylurea screen. A computed tomography (CT) scan localized the tumor, and surgical resection was planned.
Acoustical imaging evaluation of thin metal-metal adhesive bonds

The problem of developing reliable ultrasonic imaging method for characterization of the structural integrity of adhesive bonds in the joints of two thin metal sheets in automotive and aerospace industry is discussed. Mismatch of acoustical impedances and reverberation lead to appearance of long-time complex vibration. Significant attenuation in the adhesive layer also brings difficulties. A new approach, based on convolution filtering of the received signal is represented for the case of sound penetration through a three-layer structure. The experiments were performed with plane and spherically focused acoustic beams in pulse-echo mode in the frequency range of 3-15 MHz. Acoustical images of basic types of defects in real industrial samples are represented and discussed.
Post‐fire pickings: Large herbivores alter understory vegetation communities in a coastal eucalypt forest

Abstract Fire and herbivores alter vegetation structure and function. Future fire activity is predicted to increase, and quantifying changes in vegetation communities arising from post‐fire herbivory is needed to better manage natural environments. We investigated the effects of post‐fire herbivory on understory plant communities in a coastal eucalypt forest in southeastern Australia. We quantified herbivore activity, understory plant diversity, and dominant plant morphology following a wildfire in 2017 using two sizes of exclosures. Statistical analysis incorporated the effect of exclusion treatments, time since fire, and the effect of a previous prescribed burn. Exclusion treatments altered herbivore activity, but time since fire did not. Herbivory reduced plant species richness, diversity, and evenness and promoted the dominance of the most abundant plants within the understory. Increasing time since fire reduced community diversity and evenness and influenced morphological changes to the dominant understory plant species, increasing size and dead material while decreasing abundance. We found the legacy effects of a previous prescribed burn had no effect on herbivores or vegetation within our study. Foraging by large herbivores resulted in a depauperate vegetation community. As post‐fire herbivory can alter vegetation communities, we postulate that management burning practices may exacerbate herbivore impacts. Future fire management strategies to minimize herbivore‐mediated alterations to understory vegetation could include aggregating management burns into larger fire sizes or linking fire management with herbivore management. Restricting herbivore access following fire (planned or otherwise) can encourage a more diverse and species‐rich understory plant community. Future research should aim to determine how vegetation change from post‐fire herbivory contributes to future fire risk.
Medical Education Blog and Podcast Utilization During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted traditional in-person learning models. Free Open Access Medical (FOAM) education resources naturally filled this void, so we evaluated how medical blog and podcast utilization changed during the early months of the pandemic. Methods Academic medical podcast and blog producers were surveyed on blog and podcast utilization immediately before (January-March 2020) and after (April-May 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic declaration and subsequent lockdown. Utilization is quantified in terms of blog post pageviews and podcast downloads. Linear regression was used to estimate the effect of publication during the COVID-19 period on 30-day downloads or pageviews. A linear mixed model was developed to confirm this relationship after adjustment for independent predictors of higher 30-day downloads or pageviews, using the podcast or blog as a random intercept. Results Compared to the pre-pandemic period, downloads and pageviews per unique blog and podcast publication significantly increased for blogs (median 30-day pageviews 802 to 1860, p<0.0001) but not for podcasts (median 30-day downloads 2726 to 1781, p=0.27). Publications that contained COVID-19 content were strongly associated with higher monthly utilization (β=7.21, 95% CI 6.29-8.14 p<0.001), and even non-COVID-19 material had higher utilization in the early pandemic (median 30-day downloads/pageviews 868 to 1380, p<0.0001). Discussion The increased blog pageviews during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the important role of blogs in rapid knowledge translation. Podcasts did not experience a similar increase in utilization.
Mentoring of oral health professionals is crucial to improving access to care for people with special needs

Introduction Individuals with special health care needs continue to experience difficulties with accessing regular dental care. This has largely been due to clinicians feeling they lack the training and experience to manage their needs. The aim of this study was to determine whether working closely with specialists in special need dentistry influenced the willingness of clinicians to treat patients with special needs. Materials and methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with specialists and clinicians involved in these mentoring initiatives. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to determine perspectives towards how this additional support influenced their willingness to treat individuals with special needs. Results The views of all participants towards these supports were positive with clinicians feeling it not only offered them opportunities to learn from the specialists, but also increased their willingness to treat individuals with special needs and the timeliness and quality of care they were able to provide. Likewise, despite some concerns about the inappropriate use of specialist support, the specialists felt these mentoring relationships offered many benefits including improving timely access to care and ensuring individuals were able to receive appropriate care. Conclusions Mentoring provided by specialists in special needs dentistry improved the willingness of clinicians to provide care for individuals with special health care needs. Supports such as these are likely to be crucial to overcoming concerns of clinicians about their ability to manage the needs of these individuals and begin to address a significant barrier to access of care for individuals with special health care needs.
Polyphosphate nanoparticles enhance the fibrin stabilization by histones more efficiently than linear polyphosphates

Introduction Beyond the three-dimensional fibrin network, the mechanical and lytic stability of thrombi is supported by the matrix of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of polyanionic DNA meshwork with attached proteins including polycationic histones. Polyphosphates represent another type of polyanions, which in their linear form are known to enhance the fibrin stabilizing effects of DNA and histones. However, in vivo polyphosphates are also present in the form of nanoparticles (PolyP-NP), the interference of which with the fibrin/NET matrix is poorly characterized. Aims To compare the effects of linear and nanoparticulate polyphosphates, and their combinations with relevant NET components (DNA, histone H3) on fibrin formation, structure, and lysis in in vitro assays focusing on histone-polyphosphate interactions. Methods Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering for stability of the PolyP-NP preparations. Turbidimetry for kinetics of fibrinogen clotting by thrombin and fibrin dissolution by tissue-type plasminogen activator/plasminogen. Scanning electron microscopy for fibrin structure. Surface plasmon resonance for strength of histone-PolyP interactions. Results Both linear PolyP and PolyP-NP accelerated the fibrin formation and slowed down its dissolution and these effects were strongly dependent on the number of individual PolyP particles and not on their size. Addition of DNA did not modify significantly the PolyP-NP effects on fibrin formation and lysis. Both linear and nanoparticulate PolyP counteracted the effect of histone in the acceleration of fibrinogen clotting by thrombin. PolyP-NP, but not linear PolyP enhanced the prolongation of lysis time in fibrin containing histone and caused more pronounced thickening of the fibrin fibers than the linear form. Finally, PolyP-NP bound weaker to histone than the linear form. Conclusions The interaction of PolyP with histone was a stronger modulator of fibrin formation and lysis than its interaction with DNA. In addition, the PolyP nanoparticles enhanced the thrombus stabilizing effects of histone more effectively than linear PolyP.
Design and similitude study of composite sandwich beam

In this study, failure mode maps of composite sandwich panels are examined. Using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, theoretical models are developed. The developed models are validated with established models in the literature. The models are compared with the established models using experimental data from literature. By comparing the developed models with the established models, it is concluded that the described models provide sufficient accurate results. Failure mode maps are constructed by using the non-dimensional form of the developed models. This concept of failure mode map is extended to provide a useful design tool for composite sandwich beam manufacturers. Also in this study, scaling laws are derived for a composite sandwich beam using the rules of similitude. Scaling laws define the relationships between a small specimen and a larger prototype structure. By using these scaling laws, it is possible to design a small scale model and by extrapolating the data from the small scale model, the behavior of a large scale prototype can be predicted. In the current study, similitude conditions for composite sandwich beams are developed for three loading conditions, uniformly distributed load, shear load and moment. To test the scaling laws a three-point bending test and a four-point bending test are taken from literature . Finite element analysis is used to obtain the stress distributions through the thickness of these composite sandwich models. Using the similitude conditions larger prototype of these models are created. Through-the-thickness stresses between the model and the prototype are compared and found to be in excellent agreement.
A REVIEW OF VIBRATION-BASED STRUCTURAL DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION METHODS

Structural damage detection methods using vibration parameters are reviewed here. The necessity and the urgency to conduct safety assessment, health monitoring and damage diagnosis are introduced. Damage identification techniques in recent years are classified and illuminated briefly. Methods based on model updating and techniques without finite element model are discussed particularly. Damage detection algorithms using time-domain identification procedure, wavelet transformation and neural network are also reviewed. The advantages and shortcomings of these damage identification methods are analyzed. Several key issues related to structural damage identification are emphasized and future study aspects are pointed out.
Tractor ballasting in field work

In the article the necessity of tractor ballasting is over viewed. The analysis of interaction of traction force, forces of weight and slippage of the wheels is presented. A de-pendency of tractor slippage on coefficient of weight utili-zation for driving wheel grip is analyzed. An interaction between tractor ballasting and coefficient of weight utiliza-tion for driving wheel grip is investigated.Equations of dependencies of weight force transferred from front to rear wheel on tractor mass and coefficients of: weight utilization for wheel grip value of transferred weight and rolling resistance are presented. Method for tractor ballasting and setting the value of ballast mass is proposing. The nomogram for setting optimal value of bal-last mass and its fitting place, when medium instantaneous wheel slippage is known is presentedMethods of nomogram usage and revive of utilization possibilities are presented.
Controlled elastic postbuckling of bilaterally constrained non-prismatic columns: application to enhanced quasi-static energy harvesters

Axially compressed bilaterally constrained columns, which can attain multiple snap-through buckling events in their elastic postbuckling response, can be used as energy concentrators and mechanical triggers to transform external quasi-static displacement input to local high-rate motions and excite vibration-based piezoelectric transducers for energy harvesting devices. However, the buckling location with highest kinetic energy release along the element, and where piezoelectric oscillators should be optimally placed, cannot be controlled or isolated due to the changing buckling configurations. This paper proposes the concept of stiffness variations along the column to gain control of the buckling location for optimal placement of piezoelectric transducers. Prototyped non-prismatic columns with piece-wise varying thickness were fabricated through 3D printing for experimental characterization and numerical simulations were conducted using the finite element method. A simple theoretical model was also developed based on the stationary potential energy principle for predicting the critical line contact segment that triggers snap-through events and the buckling morphologies as compression proceeds. Results confirm that non-prismatic column designs allow control of the buckling location in the elastic postbuckling regime. Compared to prismatic columns, non-prismatic designs can attain a concentrated kinetic energy release spot and a higher number of snap-buckling mode transitions under the same global strain. The direct relation between the column’s dynamic response and the output voltage from piezoelectric oscillator transducers allows the tailorable postbuckling response of non-prismatic columns to be used as multi-stable energy concentrators with enhanced performance in micro-energy harvesters.
Augmented Reality-Based Surgery on the Human Cadaver Using a New Generation of Optical Head-Mounted Displays: Development and Feasibility Study

Background Although nearly one-third of the world’s disease burden requires surgical care, only a small proportion of digital health applications are directly used in the surgical field. In the coming decades, the application of augmented reality (AR) with a new generation of optical-see-through head-mounted displays (OST-HMDs) like the HoloLens (Microsoft Corp) has the potential to bring digital health into the surgical field. However, for the application to be performed on a living person, proof of performance must first be provided due to regulatory requirements. In this regard, cadaver studies could provide initial evidence. Objective The goal of the research was to develop an open-source system for AR-based surgery on human cadavers using freely available technologies. Methods We tested our system using an easy-to-understand scenario in which fractured zygomatic arches of the face had to be repositioned with visual and auditory feedback to the investigators using a HoloLens. Results were verified with postoperative imaging and assessed in a blinded fashion by 2 investigators. The developed system and scenario were qualitatively evaluated by consensus interview and individual questionnaires. Results The development and implementation of our system was feasible and could be realized in the course of a cadaver study. The AR system was found helpful by the investigators for spatial perception in addition to the combination of visual as well as auditory feedback. The surgical end point could be determined metrically as well as by assessment. Conclusions The development and application of an AR-based surgical system using freely available technologies to perform OST-HMD–guided surgical procedures in cadavers is feasible. Cadaver studies are suitable for OST-HMD–guided interventions to measure a surgical end point and provide an initial data foundation for future clinical trials. The availability of free systems for researchers could be helpful for a possible translation process from digital health to AR-based surgery using OST-HMDs in the operating theater via cadaver studies.
Research on Web parts library for mass customization

Web parts library (WebPlib) can be used to promote share and reuse of parts in large scale. Firstly, the building methods of WebPlib were studied, including building parts family, parts description based on tabular layouts of article characteristics, parts description based on functional and structural semantic characteristics and application of parts ontology. Secondly, the framework of an application project of WebPlib was presented. Thirdly, the foundation and application of parts ontology library were researched to solve the problem of varieties of structures and names in enterprise parts families. Furthermore, some key technologies were discussed. Finally, an application example was provided.
Contributions of mangrove conservation and restoration to climate change mitigation in Indonesia

Mangrove forests are important carbon sinks, and this is especially true for Indonesia where about 24% of the world's mangroves exist. Unfortunately, vast expanses of these mangroves have been deforested, degraded or converted to other uses resulting in significant greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this study was to quantify the climate change mitigation potential of mangrove conservation and restoration in Indonesia. We calculated the emission factors from the dominant land uses in mangroves, determined mangrove deforestation rates and quantified the total emissions and the potential emission reductions that could be achieved from mangrove conservation and restoration. Based on our analysis of the carbon stocks and emissions from land use in mangroves we found: (1) Indonesia's mangrove ecosystem carbon stocks are among the highest of any tropical forest type; (2) mangrove deforestation results in greenhouse gas emissions that far exceed that of upland tropical deforestation; (3) in the last decade the rates of deforestation in Indonesian mangroves have remained high; and (4) conservation and restoration of mangroves promise to sequester significant quantities of carbon. While mangroves comprise only ≈2.6% of Indonesia's total forest area, their degradation and deforestation accounted for ≈10% of total greenhouse gas emissions arising from the forestry sector. The large source of greenhouse gas emissions from a relatively small proportion of the forest area underscores the value for inclusion of mangroves as a natural climate solution. Mangrove conservation is far more effective than mangrove restoration in carbon emissions reductions and an efficient pathway to achieve Indonesia's nationally determined contribution (NDC) targets. The potential emission reduction from halting deforestation of primary and secondary mangroves coupled with restoration activities could result in an emission reduction equivalent to 8% of Indonesia's 2030 NDC emission reduction targets from the forestry sector.
Hollow Cathode Discharge Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Detection, Quantification and Gas Phase Ion-Molecule Reactions of Explosives and Related Compounds

Abstract Mass spectrometry (MS) has become an essential analytical method in every sector of science and technology. Because of its unique ability to provide direct molecular structure information on analytes, an extra method is rarely required. This review describes fabrication of a variable-pressure hollow cathode discharge (HCD) ion source for MS in detection, quantification and investigation of gas-phase ion molecule reactions of explosives and related compounds using air as a carrier gas. The HCD ion source has been designed in such a way that by altering the ion source pressures, the system can generate both HCD and conventional GD. This design enables for the selective detection and quantification of explosives at trace to ultra-trace levels. The pressure-dependent HCD ion source has also been used to investigate ion-molecule reactions in the gas phase of explosives and related compounds. The mechanism of ion formation in explosive reactions is also discussed.