Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coleman-de Luccia reconsidered: a subtlety of gravity and the thin wall approximation

I point out that the usual Coleman-de Luccia analysis of tunnelling via instantons between perturbatively stable minima using the thin-wall approximation misses one of the effects of gravitational backreaction on the on-shell action and hence the decay rate. Once this oversight is corrected, one finds these decay rates are much larger than has been generally appreciated; including the effects of gravity potentials involving barriers which are relatively high and not overly wide result in decays which are quite rapid instead of slow. In the light of these results, it is no longer clear that one should believe string theory predicts a wide class of cosmologically long-lived metastable de Sitter vacua.
Shortened Hinge Design of Fab x sdAb-Fc Bispecific Antibodies Enhances Redirected T-Cell Killing of Tumor Cells

T cell engager (TCE) antibodies have emerged as promising cancer therapeutics that link cytotoxic T-cells to tumor cells by simultaneously binding to CD3E on T-cells and to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed by tumor cells. We previously reported a novel bispecific format, the IgG-like Fab x sdAb-Fc (also known as half-IG_VH-h-CH2-CH3), combining a conventional antigen-binding fragment (Fab) with a single domain antibody (sdAb). Here, we evaluated this Fab x sdAb-Fc format as a T-cell redirecting bispecific antibody (TbsAbs) by targeting mEGFR on tumor cells and mCD3E on T cells. We focused our attention specifically on the hinge design of the sdAb arm of the bispecific antibody. Our data show that a TbsAb with a shorter hinge of 23 amino acids (TbsAb.short) showed a significantly better T cell redirected tumor cell elimination than the TbsAb with a longer, classical antibody hinge of 39 amino acids (TbsAb.long). Moreover, the TbsAb.short form mediated better T cell-tumor cell aggregation and increased CD69 and CD25 expression levels on T cells more than the TbsAb.long form. Taken together, our results indicate that already minor changes in the hinge design of TbsAbs can have significant impact on the anti-tumor activity of TbsAbs and may provide a new means to improve their potency.
Self-Consistent Stochastic Model Errors in Data Assimilation

In using data assimilation to import information from observations to estimate parameters and state variables of a model, one must assume a distribution for the noise in the measurements and in the model errors. Using the path integral formulation of data assimilation~ cite{abar2009}, we introduce the idea of self consistency of the distribution of stochastic model errors: the distribution of model errors from the path integral with observed data should be consistent with the assumption made in formulating the the path integral. The path integral setting for data assimilation is discussed to provide the setting for the consistency test. Using two examples drawn from the 1996 Lorenz model, for $D = 100$ and for $D = 20$ we show how one can test for this inconsistency with essential no additional effort than that expended in extracting answers to interesting questions from data assimilation itself. \end{abstract}
Contribution à la résolution des équations de la magnétohydrodynamique et de la magnétostatique.

L'etude des interactions entre un plasma et un champ magnetique joue un role important dans differents domaines tels que la fusion thermonucleaire par confinement magnetique, les plasmas astrophysiques. En evolution, ces interactions sont decrites par les equations de la magnetohydrodynamique (MHD). A l'equilibre, les equations de la MHD se reduisent a celles de la magnetostatique. Les equations de la magnetostatique forment un systeme d'equations aux derivees partielles non lineaires en dimension 3 faisant intervenir le champ magnetique et la pression cinetique du plasma. Quand on neglige la pression, le champ magnetique est alors dit de Beltrami. Nous proposons de resoudre numeriquement les equations regissant les champs de Beltrami par un algorithme iteratif de type point fixe associe a des methodes d'elements finis. Cette strategie iterative est etendue au cas des configurations d'equilibres avec pression. On s'interesse ensuite a l'approximation des equations de la MHD ideale instationnaires. Il s'agit d'un systeme de loi de conservation hyperbolique non lineaire. Nous proposons une approche de type volumes finis dans laquelle les flux sont calcules par une methode de Roe sur un maillage tetraedrique et ou les flux du champ magnetique sont modifies afin de satisfaire la contrainte de divergence nulle qui lui est imposee. Les methodes proposees ont ete implantees dans deux nouveaux codes tridimensionnels TETRAFFF pour les equilibres, et TETRAMHD pour la MHD. Les resulats numeriques obtenus par ces codes montrent la performance des methodes employees.
Applying machine learning and text analysis to identify factors that may predict hypertensive heart disease patient outcomes in home healthcare

This research focuses on predicting the patient discharge disposition with initial patient assessment and therapy data as well as determining which therapy intervention text had positive impacts on hypertension heart disease patients in home healthcare environments. Older adults prefer to stay in their home, which is known as aging in place. Home healthcare is the last line of defense before advancing to other expensive healthcare options. This research used aggregate transactional data from 2,181 home healthcare patients in the United States (U.S.) from 2016-2022. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Patient Driven Groupings Model and focused on the cardiac circulatory patient’s subcategory of hypertensive heart disease. Data was analyzed from Activity of Daily Life (ADL) assessment scores, the number of disease diagnosis codes per patient, the number of additional cardiac comorbidities, gender, age, standardized hospitalization risks, number of medications per patient, number of interventions per patient, and the length of stay in home healthcare. Machine learning and advanced text analysis were applied to determine which factors and therapy intervention text had the biggest impact on hypertensive heart disease patient outcomes. This research also identified those interventions with the best Signal to Noise (SN) ratios that are currently being piloted in home healthcare settings.
Prediction of the Hydrodynamic Forces for a Ship Oscillating in Calm Water by an Improved Higher Order Rankine Panel Method

This paper presents a frequency-domain Rankine source method based on a biquadratic B-spline scheme with an improved radiation mechanism. The improved radiation mechanism, based on the introduction of spatially varying Rayleigh artificial damping in addition to the simplified Seto’s radiation boundary conditions, is considered for modeling radiation of generated waves at various τ conditions, where τ=ωU/g including the undercritical condition (τ<0.25); this condition is present when a ship undergoes slow translation or low oscillatory frequency. In evaluations, the proposed method yields accurate solutions for unsteady flows produced by an oscillating, translationally moving submerged singularity. The radiation problem induced by a RIOS bulker is solved to have the resultant added mass and damping coefficients for further comparisons with the experimental data and the public numerical prediction by a simplified combined method at a wide τ region.
A diagnostic meaningful distortion measure for ECG compression

A new distortion measure for ECG signal compression is introduced. This diagnostic distortion measure, called the Weighted Diagnostic Distortion (WDD), is based on comparing the PQRST complex features (such as: P wave duration, P wave amplitude, P wave shape, QT duration, ST elevation, etc.) between two signals (original ECG signal and reconstructed ECG signal). Also in this article, a new compression algorithm is introduced, based on analysis by synthesis coding. In our compression system the encoder consists of a long term and a short term predictors and a quantizer with an adaptive number and values of levels, which are depended on the definition of maximum permitted distortion for each segment in the signal. The algorithm exhibits better results than other known compression algorithms.
BMSC-derived exosomal miR-27a-3p and miR-196b-5p regulate bone remodeling in ovariectomized rats

Background In the bone marrow microenvironment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomal miRNAs play an important role in bone formation and bone resorption, although the pathogenesis has yet to be clarified. Methods BMSC-derived exosomes from ovariectomized rats (OVX-Exo) and sham-operated rats (Sham-Exo) were co-cultured with bone marrow-derived macrophages to study their effects on osteoclast differentiation. Next-generation sequencing was utilized to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) between OVX-Exo and Sham-Exo, while target genes were analyzed using bioinformatics. The regulatory effects of miR-27a-3p and miR-196b-5p on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and osteoclast differentiation were verified by gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses. Results Osteoclast differentiation was significantly enhanced in the OVX-Exo treatment group compared to the Sham-Exo group. Twenty DE-miRNAs were identified between OVX-Exo and Sham-Exo, among which miR-27a-3p and miR-196b-5p promoted the expressions of osteogenic differentiation markers in BMSCs. In contrast, knockdown of miR-27a-3p and miR-196b-5p increased the expressions of osteoclastic markers in osteoclast. These 20 DE-miRNAs were found to target 11435 mRNAs. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that these target genes were involved in several biological processes and osteoporosis-related signaling pathways. Conclusion BMSC-derived exosomal miR-27a-3p and miR-196b-5p may play a positive regulatory role in bone remodeling.
Application of Human-Computer Interaction System in Regional Tourism Competitiveness Analysis under IoT Background

With the continuous development of Internet of Things technology, this technology is not limited to the laboratory but is more and more applied in the process of commercialization. Large-scale machine communication is one of the three most important scenarios for 5G applications. Its features include larger uplink access, smaller data packets, higher device energy consumption requirements, lower device transmission speed, higher latency, and bursty communication. With the development of the Internet of Things in the 5G era, interpersonal interaction experience has been further optimized and welcomed by the market and adopt Qt/embedded multilayer menu design mode to improve our computer system interaction to facilitate the operation and Maintenance system. The software function of the human-computer interaction system has reached the expected result. By constructing the application of a human-computer interaction system in the analysis of regional tourism competitiveness, we analyze the temporal and spatial changes of tourism competitiveness in four major economic regions in China and combine multiple linear regression and geographic detector models to analyze China's tourism competitiveness. On this basis, we propose to further enhance the tourism competitiveness of areas with weak tourism development infrastructure and encourage potential tourism development areas to complement each other with high-quality resources between regions.
Back EMF-Based Dynamic Position Estimation in the Whole Speed Range for Precision Sensorless Control of PMLSM

Back electromotive force (EMF)-based sensorless control strategies for permanent-magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) have the potential to simplify the mechatronic system, reduce the cost and prolong the service life. However, the poor performance in the low-to-zero speed region limits their application range. In this article, a novel back EMF-based mover position estimator is proposed to achieve consistent good accuracy in the whole speed range including high speed, medium speed, low speeds, temporary standstill, and speed reversals. The three-phase flux linkages are obtained by directly calculating the integration of back EMF. To overcome the curve drift caused by the integrator, this article proposes a jumping correction algorithm and a uniform correction algorithm. The mover position is calculated from the corrected flux linkages. This article also realizes a closed-loop sensorless trajectory tracking control system using the proposed position estimator. Experimental results on a PMLSM demonstrate that the proposed position estimator can guarantee the stability and accuracy in the whole speed range. Compared with the existing back EMF-based methods working only well in high-speed region and usually with $mm$-level accuracy, the proposed method achieves an accuracy of sub-200 $\mu$m regardless of the reference trajectory, and has exciting prospect in industrial applications.
The Complexity of Interaction between Social Media Platforms and Organizational Performance

Social media platforms (SMPs) have become a key source of success for many organizations in today’s complex business environment due to advancements in information and communication technologies that have created dynamic innovations. This study aims to explore the complex relationships between SMPs’ usage and organizational performance with respect to small and medium-sized restaurants in Jordan. In addition, it investigates the impact of competition intensity as a moderating variable. The model of the study was assessed and examined by gathering data from 331 Jordanian restaurants using the partial least squares (PLS) method. The findings revealed that SMPs’ usage is positively associated with restaurant performance (financial, marketing, and operational). In addition, the results indicate a significant moderating impact of competition intensity only on the relationship between SMPs’ usage and restaurants’ marketing performance. Based on the results, several theoretical and practical implications for restaurants have been suggested, as well as further research avenues.
Torque Ripple Reduction for Direct Torque Control of Dual Three-Phase PMSM Based on Multiple Virtual Voltage Vectors

The switching-table-based direct torque control (ST-DTC) has the merits of simple structure, easy implementation, and fast response, but suffers from large torque ripples. Previous literature, i.e., the classical DTC, can achieve torque ripple reduction in the high-speed region but has a limited capability for torque ripple reduction in the low-speed region. In this paper, the issue of torque ripple reduction in the full-speed region, i.e., both the low-speed and high-speed regions, is addressed. The effects of each group in all possible six groups of virtual voltage vectors (VVs) on torque variation are firstly investigated. Then, a multiple VV DTC based on only three groups of VVs is proposed and the corresponding optimal selections of three VV groups and level of torque regulator are presented. The proposed DTC not only can effectively reduce torque ripples in the full speed region, but also is simple and easy to implement. The superiority of the proposed DTC with optimal selections of VVs and level of torque regulator are verified by experimental results.
STRONG DIFFERENTIAL SUBORDINATION AND APPLICATIONS TO UNIVALENCY CONDITIONS

For the Briot-Bouquet differential equations of the form given in [1] we can reduce them to where . In this paper we are going to give conditions in order that if u and v satisfy, respectively, the equations (1) , with certain conditions on the functions F and G applying the concept of strong subordination given in [2] by the author, implies that indicates subordination.
On Finite Subfactors with Principal GraphD2n+1/Z2

Abstract We show that the principal graph D 2 n +1 / Z 2 characterizes II 1 subfactors of the form P ⋊ H ⊂ P ⋊ G , where G is a group of order 2(2 n +1), a semidirect product K ⋊ H , with H ≅ Z 2 and K abelian.
Simulation of Multivariate Normal Rectangle Probabilities: Theoretical and Computational Results

An extensive literature in econometrics and in numerical analysis has considered the problem of evaluating the multiple integral P({bold B};mu,Omega) = integral_{a}^{b} n(v - mu, Omega)dv = E_{V}{bold 1}(V in {bold B}), where V is a m-dimensional normal vector with mean mu, covariance matrix , and density n(v - mu Omega)and 1(V in {bold B}) is an indicator for the event B = {V | a
Sterilization of Underwater Bacteria by Ozone Bubble Pulsed Discharge

Electric discharge is going to be applied to bactericidal inactivation in water without chemical dosing. In this article, the sterilization experiments of simulated reused water from an industrial washing machine were conducted by three different treatment methods: 1) air bubble pulsed discharge (ABPD); 2) O3 alone; and 3) ozone bubble pulsed discharge (OBPD). The results showed that: 1) the highest sterilization effect was obtained by OBPD treatment and 2) since the number of sterilized bacteria by OBPD treatment was larger than the sum of the number of sterilized bacteria by ABPD treatment and that of by O3 alone treatment, the synergistic effect by OBPD treatment exists. In order to clarify the decisive factor of synergistic effect by OBPD treatment, we measured dissolved O3 concentration, pH, ${\mathrm {NO}}_{\mathbf {3}}^{\mathbf {-}}$ concentration, emission intensities of O radical, and H2O2 concentration. As a result, dissolved O3 concentrations were less than 0.02 mg/L in all conditions, there was no difference in pH from ${\mathrm {NO}}_{\mathbf {3}}^{\mathbf {-}}$ between ABPD treatment and OBPD treatment, there was no difference between emission intensities from O radical generated by ABPD treatment and OBPD treatment, the highest H2O2 concentration was obtained by OBPD treatment, and the number of sterilized bacteria by H2O2 (5.82 mg/L) with O3 (100 ppm) bubble was larger than the sum of the number of sterilized bacteria by H2O2 (5.82 mg/L) with air bubble and O3 alone treatment. From these results, we conclude that the H2O2 concentration increase and the AOP by O3/H2O2 are the decisive factor of the synergistic effect by OBPD treatment.
BSFR-SH: Blockchain-Enabled Security Framework Against Ransomware Attacks for Smart Healthcare

Ransomware is a type of malicious program or software that encrypts the contents on a hard disc and prevents the users from accessing them unless they pay an amount (called a ransom). Most of the organizations, such as financial institutes and healthcare sectors (i.e., smart healthcare) are targeted by ransomware attacks. Ransomware assaults are among the most frightening types of cyber-attacks, and they are not confined to a specific sector or the countries. Blockchain is a tamper-proof technology, which is more secure, robust and decentralized in nature. Features of blockchain can add more security for detection and mitigation of ransomware more effectively. In this paper, we propose a new blockchain-enabled security framework to detect and defend the ransomware attacks for smart healthcare (in short, BSFR-SH). The conducted security analysis proves the security of the proposed BSFR-SH against the ransomware attacks. The performance of BSFR-SH is significantly better than the other similar existing mechanisms as it achieves better accuracy and F1-score than other compared mechanisms. Furthermore, the practical demonstration of BSFR-SH is provided to estimate the impact on important performance parameters.
Three-dimensional face measurement based on stripe edge detection using infrared light

Abstract. Subject to the poor imaging quality of the infrared camera, the projector defocusing, and the subsurface scattering, the classical phase-shifting method is constrained for reconstructing three-dimensional (3D) face geometry. To address this issue, a face measurement method based on stripe edge detection using infrared light is proposed by designing the global codeword correction. Binary fringe instead of sinusoidal fringe is employed to resist the above disturbance. Significantly, an assistant fringe is developed according to the parity of the gray order, which then is utilized to generate the correction orders. Subsequently, the correction orders are employed to guide the decoding by the discriminator of the rising and falling edges in binary patterns. In this way, the 3D face without jump errors can be reconstructed using an infrared structured light system. Experiments verify the effectiveness of our method not only on the human face but also on the standard sphere and models.
Evolution of cooperation in the indefinitely repeated collective action with a contest for power

Social and political inequality among individuals is a common driving force behind the breakdown in cooperation. In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally study cooperation among individuals facing a sequence of collective-action problems in which the benefits of cooperation are divided according to political power that is obtained through a contest. We have three main results. First, we find that cooperation predictably responds to the fundamental parameters of the collective-action problem. Specifically, it is increasing in the benefit to cooperation and how much benefit is gained from partial group cooperation, and decreasing in the number of players. Second, we find that when players are unrestricted in their expenditures in the contest, cooperation is much lower than when expenditures are set to a specific proportion of earnings. Finally, we find that individual norms and beliefs account for a substantial proportion of explained variance in individuals’ decisions to cooperate.
Improved atmospheric retrievals of hyperspectral data using geometric constraints

Within urban environments and other complex illumination conditions, tilted target surface or partial sky occlusions from nearby raised objects can have a significant impact on a target’s radiance observed from a spectral sensor. At the pixel level, these terms can be predicted and corrected for by modeling the impact collocated height data has on the scene radiometry. After properly accounting for these impacts, a Lambertian material’s retrieved spectral reflectivity should be the same at any location or orientation within the scene. This paper proposes a novel approach for using this constraint to iterate on atmospheric aerosol parameters until the difference of retrieved spectral reflectance of two pixels of the same material, but under different illumination conditions, is minimized.