Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trends and annual cycles in soundings of Arctic tropospheric ozone

Abstract. Ozone soundings from nine Nordic stations have been homogenized and interpolated to standard pressure levels. The different stations have very different data coverage; the longest period with data is from the end of the 1980s to 2014. At each pressure level the homogenized ozone time series have been analysed with a model that includes both low-frequency variability in the form of a polynomial, an annual cycle with harmonics, the possibility for low-frequency variability in the annual amplitude and phasing, and either white noise or noise given by a first-order autoregressive process. The fitting of the parameters is performed with a Bayesian approach not only giving the mean values but also confidence intervals. The results show that all stations agree on a well-defined annual cycle in the free troposphere with a relatively confined maximum in the early summer. Regarding the low-frequency variability, it is found that Scoresbysund, Ny Alesund, Sodankyla, Eureka, and Orland show similar, significant signals with a maximum near 2005 followed by a decrease. This change is characteristic for all pressure levels in the free troposphere. A significant change in the annual cycle was found for Ny Alesund, Scoresbysund, and Sodankyla. The changes at these stations are in agreement with the interpretation that the early summer maximum is appearing earlier in the year. The results are shown to be robust to the different settings of the model parameters such as the order of the polynomial, number of harmonics in the annual cycle, and the type of noise.
Geometric, magnetic and electronic properties of folded graphene nanoribbons

Geometric and electronic properties of folded graphene nanoribbons (FGNRs) are investigated by first-principles calculations. These properties are mainly dominated by the competition or cooperation among stacking, curvature and edge effects. For the zigzag FGNRs, the more stable structures are revealed to be AB stackings, while for the armchair types, AA" stackings are more stable. The interlayer interactions and hybridization of four orbitals lead to smaller energy gaps, anti-crossing bands, and more band-edge states. Specifically, the broken mirror symmetry in the odd-AB stacked zigzag FGNRs is responsible for the spin-up and spin-down splitting subbands. All FGNRs are direct-gap semiconductors except that the edge-edge interactions cause the even-AA stacked zigzag FGNRs to exhibit a pair of metallic linear bands. The width-dependent energy gaps in the armchair FGNRs can be classified into six groups. Furthermore, there exist rich features in density of states, including the form, number, intensity and energy of the special structures.
Recognition of Operating States of a Medium-Sized Mobile Machine

In this study the main goal was to study the operating states of a medium-sized mobile machine. The measured time series data were analysed to find frequent episodes (sequences of operating states) to which the conditional probabilities were then calculated. The time series data were first segmented to find events. One or more segments build up an event which can be interpreted to be an operating state. The segments were then clustered and classified. The segment class labels were interpreted as events. As a result, a list of rules was established. The rules describe causal connections between consecutive operating states and transition probabilities from 1 state to 2 state. The recognized operating states were further analysed to be used in diagnosis of the operation of the machine and focusing the diagnostics on certain operating states.
Recognizing influencing factors on students' leadership trait potential

This paper presents a study to investigate the effect of university education on leadership capacity of both male and female management students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The data were collected from the first and the last year students using classified sampling method. The results of 116 questionnaires analyzed using SPSS software indicate that university education had a different effect on both male and female students' leadership capacity. Comparing the results of this study with other countries shows that the role of culture should be considered as an effective factor, while evaluating and comparing students' leadership capacity among communities.
A Path Analytic Study of the Determinants of College Students' Motivation to Use Online Learning Technologies.

The objective of the present study was to model and test the extent to which previous success, online learning technology anxiety, and instructor-provided training influenced online learning technology efficacy beliefs, and subsequent motivation to use online learning technologies in the college classroom. The results, based on a sample of 280 students supported the hypothesized causal model. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Holocene climatic changes in Greenland: Different deuterium excess signals at Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) and NorthGRIP

[1] Water stable isotope measurements (δD and δ18O) have been conducted on the Holocene part of two deep Greenland ice cores (Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) and NorthGRIP), located ∼320 km apart. These combined measurements provide the first two continuous Greenland Holocene deuterium excess profiles (d = δD − 8δ18O), a parameter strongly influenced by changes in moisture sources. We discuss here temporal and regional fluctuations of the deuterium excess within central to north Greenland, with a mean temporal resolution of ∼4 years. Although GRIP and NorthGRIP exhibit similar annual mean surface temperatures and δ18O levels, a significant offset of modern deuterium excess is observed between the two sites. We attribute this offset to a different mix of modern moisture sources, pointing to regional-scale differences in moisture advection toward Greenland. The common long-term deuterium excess Holocene increasing trend is probably related to the increased relative contribution of low-latitude moisture to Greenland snowfall, in response to the change in the Earth obliquity, as symmetrically observed in Antarctica. Three abrupt declines punctuate the GRIP excess record (8.2, 4.5, and 0.35 ka BP), suggesting associated reorganizations of the northern high latitudes hydrological cycle. The 8.2 ka BP event is characterized by (1) a rapid cooling followed by a progressive warming and (2) a deuterium excess cooling restricted to GRIP, therefore totally different from rapid events during glacial times. By contrast, the NorthGRIP deuterium excess record is more stable. We propose that a slightly larger proportion of moisture supplied by local storm tracks to GRIP induces an isotopic compensation mechanism between simultaneous site and source temperature coolings, resulting in a rather temperature-insensitive δ18O profile, together with well-marked deuterium excess amplitudes. NorthGRIP δ18O seems less biased by isotopic processes and should provide a more reliable past temperature record.
GENERATION AND ACCUMULATION OF LOW ENERGY POSITRONS

The cryogenic source of low energy positrons based on the 22 Na isotope has been designed and constructed at JINR. A solid neon as moderator allows to form slow positron beam of the energy of 1,2 eV and width of the spectrum of 1 eV. Afterwards such positrons are accumulated in the Penning-Malmberg trap. Description of the device and experimental results are presented. THE CRYOGENIC POSITRON SOURCE
A Review of the Literature on Mindfulness-Based Treatments for Patients with Cancer

Over the course of the past two decades mindfulness-based approaches have gained popularity in the world of clinical psychology. A particularly popular mindfulness-based approach referred to as mindfulness-based stress reduction has been utilized as a treatment for a broad range of issues including both mental and physical health problems. One area that has demonstrated the utility of mindfulness-based stress reduction is in the treatment of cancer patients. A significant amount of mental and physical stress is associated with receiving a diagnosis of cancer. It is due in part to this stress and the chronic nature of the disease that mindfulness-based stress reduction has generated a great deal of interest in cancer treatment. The current literature review serves to provide some background on mindfulness, discuss how it has been used therapeutically, and review the literature on the use of mindfulness-based stress reduction in the treatment of cancer patients.
"Medtep DBT": A Dialectical Behavior Therapy Native App and Web Platform for Borderline Personality Disorder Patients and Their Therapists

Objective: The present article is aimed at describing the development process of Medtep DBT, a native app and web platform, based on Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients and their therapists. Materials and Methods: The development of Medtep DBT involved five steps: Analysis of the current mobile apps related to DBT and BPD. Development of a beta version of Medtep DBT in collaboration with psychiatrists, psychologists and BPD patients in knowledge of DBT. Testing the beta version by other BPD patients and introducing changes based on provided feedback. Content validation of the final version by mental health professionals. Results: Content validity has been granted by psychologist and psychiatrist whose experience with the use of the platform has been satisfactory. Feedback from BPD patients has also been positive. Discussion: Medtep DBT can be very useful for both, BPD patients and psychologists and psychiatrists; besides being built on evidence-based DBT standards, it is reinforced by BPD patients’ and mental health professionals’ feedback and collaboration. Even though its content validity has been granted, a pilot study is being carried out to assess its effectiveness. Conclusion: Medtep DBT facilitates BPD patients the accessibility to digital therapeutic tools to register all the information related to the therapy in a more patient-friendly manner versus paper. Moreover, therapists can provide personalized care in a timely manner. So far, Medtep DBT provides a patient-therapist approach like no other app available in the market.
Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Zerumbone on WEHI 7.2 Wild Type Murine Thymoma Cells

Zerumbone (ZER), a sesquiterpene in the rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet Smith, was shown to exhibit antiproliferative activities on various cancer cells. This study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ZER on WEHI 7.2 wild type murine thymoma cells through the employment of standard MTT assay, alkaline comet assay and flow cytometry Annexin V/PI. Results from the MTT assay demonstrated that ZER has a dose-dependent but not a time-dependent cytotoxic effect towards WEHI 7.2 wild type cells with IC 50 values at 24, 48 and 72 hours were 3.02±0.20 µg/ml (13.832 µM), 2.73±0.13 µg/ml (12.503 µM) and 2.65±0.13 µg/ml (12.137 µM) respectively. Using IC 10 and IC 25 values obtained from the MTT assay, alkaline comet assay was carried out to detect DNA damage in ZER treated cells at three different time points (1/2 h, 1 h and 2 h). From the results, it was found that ZER induced significant DNA damage at all three time points for both concentrations (p < 0.05). Comparison of DNA damage levels at both concentrations suggested a concentration-dependent genotoxicity, as significantly higher values of tail DNA percentage and tail moment were obtained for cells treated with IC 25 concentration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, to understand the mode of cell death induced by ZER, flow cytometry Annexin V/PI was performed and it was found that cytotoxicity was achieved primarily via apoptosis. Collectively, ZER is able to induce genotoxicity in treated cells which subsequently leads to cytotoxicity via apoptosis and these presented characteristics suggest the compound as a potential anticancer drug.
The ability of intermediate-band Strömgren photometry to correctly identify dwarf, subgiant, and giant stars and provide stellar metallicities and surface gravities

Context. Several large scale photometric and spectroscopic surveys are being undertaken to provide a more detailed picture of the Milky Way. Given the necessity of generalisation in the determination of, e.g., stellar parameters when tens and hundred of thousands of stars are considered it remains important to provide independent, detailed studies to verify the methods used in the surveys. Aims. Our first aim is to critically evaluate available calibrations for deriving [M/H] from Stromgren photometry. Secondly, we develop the standard sequences for dwarf stars to reflect their inherent metallicity dependence. Finally, we test how well metallicities derived from ugriz photometry reproduce metallicities derived from the well-tested system of Stromgren photometry. Methods. We evaluate available metallicity calibrations based on Stromgren uvby photometry for dwarf stars using a catalogue of stars with both uvby photometry and spectroscopically determined iron abundances ([Fe/H]). The catalogue was created for this project. Using this catalogue, we also evaluate available calibrations that determine log g. A larger catalogue, in which metallicity is determined directly from uvby photometry, is used to trace metallicity-dependent standard sequences for dwarf stars. We also perform comparisons, for both dwarf and giant stars, of metallicities derived from ugriz photometry with metallicities derived from Stromgren photometry. Results. We provide a homogenised catalogue of 451 dwarf stars with 0.3 < (b - y)(0) < 1.0. All stars in the catalogue have uvby photometry and [Fe/H] determined from spectra with high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios (S/N). Using this catalogue, we test how well various photometric metallicity calibrations reproduce the spectroscopically determined [Fe/H]. Using the preferred metallicity calibration for dwarf stars, we derive new standard sequences in the c(1,0) versus (b - y)(0) plane and in the c(1,0) versus (v - y)(0) plane for dwarf stars with 0.40 < (b - y)(0) < 0.95 and 1.10 < (v - y)(0) < 2.38. Conclusions. We recommend the calibrations of Ramirez & Melendez (2005) in deriving metallicities from Stromgren photometry and find that intermediate band photometry, such as Stromgren photometry, more accurately than broad band photometry reproduces spectroscopically determined [Fe/H]. Stromgren photometry is also better at differentiating between dwarf and giant stars. We conclude that additional investigations of the differences between metallicities derived from ugriz photometry and intermediate-band photometry, such as Stromgren photometry, are required. (Less)
Spatial Microwave Power Combining with Anisotropic Metamaterials

This paper proposes a novel approach for the spatial microwave power combining. Anisotropic metamatierials are employed to trim the combined electrical flelds and form a single beam radiation pattern. The radiation characteristics of a binary horn antennas array are investigated both numerically and experimentally at 12GHz. The results show that much higher combining e-ciency can be achieved. Given a designed combining e-ciency, the strict relative position requirements in each transmission unit are reduced in this scheme.
Design and Evaluation of Compression Coated Formulations for an Antiinflammatory Drug Based on Modified okra Mucilage

Recently there has been greater interest in modified release systems like extended release or delayed release systems to deliver required amount of drug at specific site for duration of therapy. These systems play an important role in the chronotherapy of asthma, angina and arthritis. In the present study fast disintegrating core tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium were coated with coating material granules containing okra mucilage or modified okra mucilage in combination with HPMC K15M and evaluated for pre and post compression parameters. The in-vitro disintegration time for core tablets was 64.66±0.577 sec and the wetting time was 41.66 ±0.57 sec. All other parameters were satisfactory for core and coated formulations. Formulations P1, P2 and P3 showed drug release of 96.789 ± 0.66994 %, 100.86 ± 0.42729 % and 95.15 ±0.7180 % in 24 hrs respectively. The prepared formulations showed greater drug release after 6 hrs indicating a burst release in intestinal environment, making the formulations suitable candidates for colonic drug release. All the prepared formulations followed first order kinetics with release exponent n>1.There was no significant difference in in-vitro dissolution in presence and absence of rat caecal content indicating drug release depends on pH, swelling and erosion.
Business Cycle Responses and the Resilence of the Chilean Economy

We thank conference participants—in particular, our discussant Francisco Rosende, Ricardo Caballero, Cesar Calderon, Luis Felipe Cespedes, and Pablo Neumeyer—as well seminar participants at the IMF Institute, and Alex Hofmmaister for useful suggestions and comments. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or the Central Bank of Chile. The paper was written when Mr. Parrado and Mr. Le Fort were working at the International Monetary Fund.
PRODUCTIVITY DYNAMICS IN LITHUANIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

This paper analyses the existing measures of productivity in Lithuanian manufacturing industry. Total factor productivity and its continuous growth are viewed as significant parameter that determine the competitive advantage in manufacturing and depend on changes of significant factors as R&D intensity, international trade and foreign direct investment. Productivity measures indicate the interaction between produced commodities or services and used capital and labour resources. The most common measure is labour productivity, measures the value added per employee and equates the turnover with the costs of commodity. The empirical study provides an analysis of the shifting the labour productivity differentials in manufacturing industries of Lithuania. The paper aims to evaluate the dynamics of productivity of manufacturing industries in the context of economic integration. Economic policies under export growth strategy have been widely argued that export increasing helps to enhance the productivity of exporters. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.em. 17.2. 2182
Population ecology of Muggiaea atlantica (Cnidaria, Siphonophora) in the Western English Channel

Recent observations suggest that the siphonophore Muggiaea atlantica is expanding its geographical distribution. The mechanisms behind this expansion remain unclear due to our limited knowledge of the species’ ecology. We modelled the functional relationship between the 2 main life-cycle stages of M. atlantica over a 5 yr period (2009? 2013) in the Western English Channel. Our aims were to determine the key features of the species’ population dynamics and the influence of local environmental conditions on its population development. Our results highlighted a strong coupling between the timing of specific environmental conditions and the development of the M. atlantica population, thereby explaining interannual differences in the phenology of its blooms. Population development commenced with the initiation of eudoxid production by the overwintering polygastric stages. This reproductive event was linked to the onset of a spring temperature threshold, suggesting a critical basal limit of 10°C for eudoxid production. Interannual variability in the timing of this threshold modulated the degree of mismatch between the developing M. atlantica population and the availability of copepod prey. Unusually cold conditions in the spring of 2010 and 2013 limited the capacity for M. atlantica to initiate eudoxid production leading to poor trophic phasing and the production of single autumn cohorts. In contrast, warmer conditions during spring 2009, 2011, and 2012 facilitated earlier population development, optimal trophic phasing and the production of both summer and autumn cohorts. These findings represent an important addition to our understanding of the ecology of M. atlantica in the Northeast Atlantic
2 Labor Market and Taxation System in Italy 2 . 1 Empirical Evidence

Within industrialized countries, labor force participation of Italian women is particularly low and characterized by a positive correlation to husbands’ income. In this paper, we show that, despite an individual based tax system, the set of tax credits and cash transfers raises the tax burden levied on twoearner household, generating a disincentive to participate in the labor force for married women, typically the second earner of the family. Moreover, such disincentive is stronger when the first earner’s income, conventionally the husband, is low. Using micro data from EU-SILC, we estimate a structural model where men’s labor supply and incomes are given, and women decide whether to search for an occupation, and upon receiving it, whether to accept a given job offer or not. We then use the estimated parameters to measure the behavioral effects of alternative tax systems: the joint family taxation, the gender-based taxation (à la (Alesina et al., 2011)), and the Working Tax Credit. We show that the first system would imply either a significant tax revenue loss, or a substantial drop in female labor participation. The other two systems would boost the participation rate, with the effect of the latter being concentrated on unskilled and low educated women. JEL Classification: J21, J22, H31
Antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolatedrnfrom the carp farm following Streptomycin treatment

Seven fresh bacterial isolates were isolated from disease affected fish species such as Labeo rohita, Cyprinus carpio, H. molitrix, and Puntius sarana from different carp farms and market sources. Bacterial isolates were collected from different tissues or organ such as skin, gill, spot lesions on the skin, abdomen, kidney etc. Several tests were conducted for characterization of bacteria. Susceptibility of Aeromonas spp. bacteria to Streptomycin (10 μg/200 mL) antibiotic were 150 colony and in control 320 colony in R-1. Where in R-2, 142 colony and in control 296 colony and finally in R-3, 145 colony and in control 311 colony were found in T-4. Where resistance of Aeromonas spp. bacteria to Streptomycin (30 μg/200 mL) antibiotic were 1 colony and in control 318 colony in R-1. Where in R-2, 0 colony and in control 309 colony and finally in R-3 also 0 colony and in control 314 colony were found in T-4. All the treatments were performed through the serial dilution method at 310×10 bacterial dilution factor.