Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Continuous photometric observations at ENEA base in Lampedusa to estimate precipitable water

Water vapour is a variable component of the atmosphere both in space and time. It is one of the most important components because of its effects in many fi elds: Meteorology, Climatology, Remote Sensing, Energy-Budget, Hydrology, etc. This work compares radiometric (sun photometer) readings, Global Positioning System (GPS) data and a meteorological model forecasted data. The aim is to understand if GPS measurements may help Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models. It is well known that GPS measurements are affected by the so-called tropospheric delay. Part of it, the so-called wet delay is related mainly to the amount of water vapour along the path of the GPS signal through the troposphere. Precise knowledge of the abundance of water vapour, in space and time, is important for NWP model because water vapour is the predecessor of precipitation. Despite the high variability of water vapour compared to other meteorological fi elds, like pressure and wind, water vapour observations are scarce, so that additional measurements of water vapour are expected to benefi t meteorology. A new sun photometer, which is part of the AERONET (AErosol and RObotic NETwork) program, has been installed at the ENEA (Ente per le Nuove tecnologie, l'Energia e l'Ambiente) base of Lampedusa Island. The sun photometer is quite close (less then 4 km) to an ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana) GPS permanent receiver. A long record (summer period of the year 2000) of sun photometric measurements is available for the station at Lampedusa. We found that the GPS and sun photometric data are better correlated (std. dev. about 10 mm for the wet delay) than are the GPS measurements with the NWP model predictions. This is an indication that GPS delay data may contain information useful for weather prediction.
Income Inequality and Transformation of the Welfare State: A Comparative Study of the Reforms in New Zealand and Sweden

The purpose of this paper is to analyse income inequality trends in New Zealand and Sweden from 1983 to 1997, a period when both New Zealand and Sweden implemented economic reforms that transformed their respective welfare systems. The results do not suggest that the more extensive reform programme in New Zealand was associated with a relatively larger increase in income inequality. Moreover, the level of social welfare of New Zealanders increased slightly after the implementation of the reform programme, while no similar evidence is apparent in the Swedish income data.
Automatic identification of construction candidates for a Swedish constructicon

We present an experiment designed for extracting construction candidates for a Swedish constructicon from text corpora. We have explored the use of hybrid n-grams with the practical goal to discover previously undescribed partially schematic constructions. The experiment was successful, in that quite a few new constructions were discovered. The precision is low, but as a push-button tool for construction discovery, it has proven a valuable tool for the work on a Swedish constructicon.
Predicting Sexual Assault Prosecution Outcomes

Sexual assault prosecution is often influenced by extralegal factors, such as victims' age, race, and prior relationship to the assailant. The importance of evidentiary characteristics remains unclear. Prior studies suggest that victim credibility may be a central concern to law enforcement and prosecutors. However, many communities have implemented interventions to improve the accessibility and quality of medical forensic exams for sexual assault victims. One such intervention, a sexual assault nurse examiner program, was the focus of the current study. The authors examined what factors predicted adult sexual assault case investigation and prosecution in a large Midwestern county with such a program. They compared the predictive utility of victim characteristics, assault characteristics, and forensic medical evidence in explaining case outcomes. Medical forensic evidence collected by the sexual assault nurse examiner program accounted for significant unique variance in case outcomes, above and beyond victim and assault factors.
Powerful Concentration of Rhodium in Plating Wastewater Using Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Extraction (HoLLE) and Study for Scale-up

A powerful technique for the concentration of rhodium (Rh) in plating wastewater was developed. The technique entails complexing Rh with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) followed by homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction (HoLLE) with Zonyl FSA. The optimum HoLLE conditions were determined as follows: [ethanol] T = 30.0 vol.%, pH = 4.00, and Rh:PAN = 1:5. Under these optimum conditions, 88.1% of Rh was extracted into the sedimented liquid phase. After phase separation, the volume ratio [aqueous phase (Va) /sedimented liquid phase (Vs)] of Va and Vs was 1000 (50 mL → 0.050 mL). We then applied the new method to wastewater generated by the plating industry. The phase separation was satisfactorily achieved when the volume was scaled up to 1000 mL of the actual wastewater; 84.7% of Rh was extracted into the sedimented liquid phase. After phase separation, Va/Vs was 588 (1000 mL - 1.70 mL).
Classification of tweets into various categories using classification methods

Social media has become an important part of our regular life and Twitter is one of the famous among them. As the growth and uses of social media are increasing rapidly so does the twitter, the number of Twitter users has reached an estimate of 330 million monthly active users. Twitter provides a list of trending topics in real time, but it is often hard to understand what these trending topics are all about. It is important and necessary to classify these topics into various categories with high accuracy for better information retrieval. With the enormous volume of data being generated on TWITTER [1] , it is imperative to find a computational means of filtering. To address this problem, we classify tweets into various categories such as sports, politics, technology, etc. We will use various algorithms such as Naïve Bayes classifier, Support Vector Machine classifiers to classify the tweets into various categories and check the accuracy of each algorithm.
Expectations to treatment outcome in patients with neck- and back pain regarding improvement in pain and function. A cross sectional pilot study

4 INTRODUCTION . 5 Expectations . 5 Definition . 5 Placebo = expectations? 5 Historical background & original theories . 6 Individuality . 7 Importance . 7 On the other side. 8 Why musculoskeletal patients? 8 Aim . 9 MATERIALS AND METHODS . 9 Inclusion and management . 9 The questionnaire . 10 Analysis and statistics . 10 RESULTS . 11 Patient characteristics . 11 Expectations . 12 DISCUSSION . 12 CONCLUSION . 15 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 15 SUPPLEMETARY MATERIALS (appendix) . 16 1. Categorization of neck/back diagnoses according to specificity . 16 2. Questionnaire (English translation) . 17 REFERENCES . 18
Reversals in the Patterns of Women's Labor Supply in the U.S., 1976-2009

Despite strong increases in women's labor force participation – especially among married women with children – in the 1980s, and somewhat less strong increases in the 1990s, the first decade of the twenty-first century has seen declines across the board. These have been especially marked among single women, women with no children, and women with more than 16 years of education. Single women with no children have experienced declines of 7.2, 6.2 and 3.6 percentage points since the late 1980s, among women with less than 16, 16, and more than 16 years of education, respectively. Own-wage elasticities have increased since 2000, after decreasing in the previous 20 years, and the absolute value of cross-wage elasticities has also increased, after declining for at least 20 years. Despite this, the absolute value of elasticities with respect to the presence of children has for the most part continued to decline. Measured factors cannot explain the marked declines in hours worked that have been observed, suggesting that while the labor supply function was hypothesized to have shifted to the right in the 1980s and 1990s, it has shifted back to the left since the late 1990s. And the characteristics of single and childless women dropping out of the labor force after 1999 have changed: they on average had worked more hours, earned more per hour, enjoyed less other income, and had fewer children, than those who had dropped out prior to 1999.
Method-user-centred method configuration

Method engineering approaches are often based on the assumption that method users are able to explicitly express their situational method requirements. However, similar to software requirements, situational method requirements are often vague and hard to explicate. In this paper we address the issue of involving method users early during method configuration. This is done through borrowing ideas from user-centred design and prototyping and implementing them on the method engineering layer in a computerized tool support. This tool has proven useful in eliciting situational method requirements in a continuously ongoing dialog with the method users during configuration work-shops.
The Role of Export Market Participation in the Choice of Organizational Form of Production Technology

This paper shows that the reason for a higher capital–labour ratio, observed for exporting firms, is a higher capital intensity of their production technology. Exporters choose to use different organizational forms of their production process, in which the share of capital and intermediate inputs in the final output is higher than that of non-exporters. The organization of the production process is part of the firm's organizational strategy, which generates within-industry heterogeneity in factor intensities and production technologies. The results of this study indicate that the decision to export is preceded by a process of restructuring production technology, which then has the effect of increasing a firms’ productivity and in so doing prepares them for competition in the global market.
On closed loop transient response system identification

Some methods for transient closed loop step response system identification presented in the literature are reviewed. Interestingly some errors in a method published in the early 80’s where propagated into a recently published method. These methods are reviewed and some improved methods are suggested and presented. The methods are compared against each other on some closed loop system examples, e.g. a well pipeline-riser severe-slugging flow regime example, using Monte Carlo simulations for comparison of the methods.
Control System of Storage Containers Filling in the Uranyl Nitrate Crystallization Process in a Linear Crystallizer

This article presents a model of a storage container of linear crystallizer. On the base of this model two independent control system of storage containers filling in a uranyl nitrate crystallization process were suggested. The use of the proposed control systems is necessary for the timely switching of the storage container to an empty one. For the proposed control systems, simulation results are presented in the SimSar software. The developed mathematical model and the control system could be used for optimization process during the design and adjustment of equipment.
Enzyme Supplementation to Soybean Based Diet in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus Aurata): Effects on Growth Parameters and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Excretion

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of the diets based on soybean meal supplemented with exogenous enzymes on growth performance, feed utilization, apparent digestibility and waste output of nitrogen and phosphorus in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) culture. Diets consisted of 40% fish meal (FM) and 25% dehulled hexane extracted soybean meal (SBM) in commercial feed (TM) and 25% fish meal (FM) and 40% dehulled hexane extracted soybean meal (SBM) in control group (CO), and diet supplemented with enzyme 1 (PRT= Protease; 2 g/kg -1 ), diet supplemented with enzyme 2 (MIX; cellulose, xylanase, endo-β-1,3:1,4-glucanase; 2 g/kg -1 ) and diet supplemented with enzyme 3 (PHY: Pyhtase; 2 g/kg -1 ). A stocking design at 55 fish each tank, gilthead sea bream (initial weights 89.50±1.5 were randomly total of 825 fish allocated into 15 tanks and fed five experimental diets. While weight gain (125.00–133.50) and specific growth rate (0.42–0.50) were statistically similar (P>0.05), feed efficiency ratio (2.52-2.90) and condition factor (1.85-2.08) significantly different among groups (P<0.05) at the end of the experiment. Addition of PRT and PHY into control significantly improved specific growth rate, feed efficiency ratio and condition factor. In this study, showed the highest nitrogen apparent digestibility coefficient (83.20±1.98) in group of PRT whilst the poorest value obtained (69.72±0.01) group of CO. The best (58.57±0.49) and the lowest (42.85±1.98) ADC for phosphorus were obtained from PHT and CO, respectively (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study has shown that dietary different enzyme supplementation can have a positive effect on growth, feed utilization and digestibility in gilthead sea bream. This positive effect has been not only alleviate the negative effect of replacing dietary FM with SBM but also provide about better performance compared to fish fed a higher FM containing diet.
On the optimization of non periodic homogenized microstructures

Dans ce travail, nous presentons des resultats theoriques concernant l'optimisation d'un domaine dans une large classe de domaines perfores, analyses par des techniques d'homogeneisation. Une large classe de fonctionnelles a optimiser est consideree. Le cas de la maximisation de la constante de torsion d'une barre est un exemple possible particulierement etudie. Ce travail est base sur des idees d'abord introduites par N. Kikuchi et M. P. Bendsoe ([10]), et utilise des resultats preliminaires de D. Chenais ([4], [5], [6]) et M. L. Mascarenhas-D. Polisevski ([13]).
Physico-chemical, proximate, sensory and storage quality attributes analysis of Papaver somniferum (poppy) fortified chevon nuggets

Papaver somniferum(Poppy) seeds contain poly-phenols like tannic acid, ellagitannin that act as antioxidant, fat replacer, sedative, analgesic and anti-tussive properties, disease preventing and health promoting proper-ties. Efficacy of ground P. somniferum poppy seed was used in chevon nuggets was analyzed. The use of ground poppy seed in chevon nuggets formulation had no effect on moisture as well as pH content of poppy seed incorporated chevon nuggets. However, ground poppy seed incorporation in chevon nuggets had significantly (p<0.05) lower fat content, higher protein content, higher emulsion stability and subsequently higher cooking yield. Chevon nuggets having 10% ground poppy seed were having significantly (p<0.05) higher sensory scores. The ground poppy seed treated chevon nuggets were having significantly (p<0.05) lower TBA and FFA value. The microbial load of developed product was significantly (p<0.05) lower during refrigeration storage. The chevon nuggets prepared with fortification of ground poppy seed was found to be suitable for consumption till 21st day during refrigeration storage based on TBA, FFA, microbiological and sensory profile. Thus, chevon nuggets with good to very good acceptability were developed with incorporation of ground poppy (P. somniferum) seed in it. The chevon nuggets developed consisted of higher amount of antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acid with better sensory scores and longer shelf-life.
Increased Eurasian‐tropical temperature amplitude difference in recent centuries: Implications for the Asian monsoon

A warmer Eurasian continent and stronger land/sea temperature gradient between Eurasia and the tropical oceans contribute to an intensified summer monsoon. We evaluate changes in the temperature difference between Eurasia and the tropics over 250 years using proxies of Eurasian surface air temperatures (tree rings) and tropical sea surface temperatures (Indo‐Pacific corals). These records show low‐frequency correspondence with each other over this interval, and with other temperature and precipitation‐sensitive proxies from the Asian monsoon regime. Greater warming is estimated for Eurasia (amplitude = 1.70 ± 0.28°C; 1801–20 vs 1976–95) relative to the tropics (0.61 ± 0.29°C; 1806–25 vs 1937–56). The amplitude change from the 18th to 20th centuries is thus estimated to be about three times (1.5–6) greater over Eurasia than the tropics. This change may have contributed to an intensified Asian monsoon system over recent centuries, and to a decoupling of the monsoon and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation in recent decades.
Small Deviations of Sums of Random Variables by Brian Garnett Dissertation Director : Swastik Kopparty

OF THE DISSERTATION Small Deviations of Sums of Random Variables by Brian Garnett Dissertation Director: Swastik Kopparty In this thesis, we study the probability of a small deviation from the mean of a sum of independent or semi-independent random variables. In contrast with the rich history of large deviation inequalities, small deviations have only recently gained attention, and we make contributions to several problems on this topic. Perhaps the most significant result in this field was an inequality proved by Feige [7]. Let X1, . , Xn be nonnegative independent random variables, with E[Xi] ≤ 1 ∀i, and let X = ∑n i=1Xi. Then for any n, Pr[X < E[X] + 1] ≥ α > 0, for some α ≥ 1/13. This bound was later improved to 1/8 by He, Zhang, and Zhang [8]. Building off their work, we improve the bound to approximately . 14. The conjectured true bound is 1/e ' . 368, so there is still (possibly) quite a gap left to fill. We also consider whether or not such small deviation inequalities hold for k-wise independent random variables. We show that for some classes of random variables, 4wise independence is sufficient for a constant lower bound of α = 1/6, which we show to be tight. Furthermore, we present counterexamples showing that 3-wise independence is insufficient for a positive constant lower bound. For sums of Bernoulli random variables, we can let α = 1/e. We also show that k-wise independence can bring us arbitrarily close to that bound for large enough k.
Adoption of B2B e-commerce by the SMEs in Bangladesh

Like many other countries around the world Bangladesh's SMEs play strong role in employment generation as well as ensuring country's economic development. Although SMEs have the potentials, at the rapidly increasing age of internet, to utilise the newly emerged technology dependent communication and transaction medium, e-commerce, in acquiring their competitiveness, the slow rate of adoption is evident. The paper looks at the adoption of B2B electronic commerce by the SMEs exploring diversified factors and measures the effects of those factors in explaining the adoption rate. A descriptive research study was designed with the data collected from 222 SMEs through a self administered structured questionnaire. A multiple regression model was estimated to asses the factors influencing the adoption of e-commerce and estimate their effects, where adoption intention is considered as explained variable and business experience, internet usage, number of computer literate officer and revenue of company have been added with six attributes of innovation, relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, observability, and uncertainty are considered as explanatory variables. The study reports the effects of perceived compatibility, complexity, observability and uncertainty, company internet usage and number of computer literate officer appear as significant with the overall regression explaining 34.2% of willingness to adopt e-commerce. The paper concludes with some policy implications. Keywords: B2B; E-Commerce; SMEs
Protein and carbohydrate composition of lucerne grown in Canterbury

Carbohydrate fractions and total nitrogen were measured in leaves and stems of Wairau lucerne grown in Canterbury. Leaves had lower levels of total soluble carbohydrate (3-5%), cellulose (S-10%) and lignin (a-4(%), and higher levels of total N (3.5-5%) than stems (total soluble carbohydrates l&22%, cellulose 2535%, lignin 4-11% and total N 1.5-4%). During the season, leaves did not change much in composition, whereas stems gradually increased in cellulose and lignin. Wintergrowing lucerne stems contained high total N (up to 4%), low, cellulose (13%) and lignin (4%). Irrigation increased soluble carbohydrate in stems, but not leaves ‘in immature luceme. Defoliation of luceme led to a fall in soluble carbohydrate in the standing stems. About 50% of the lucerne total N was easily extracted from the plant as protein. On a kg/ha basis, a yield of 15, 232 kg of DM (non-irrigated) contained 480 kg of total N, 1,385 kg total soluble carbohydrate and 2,563 kg of cellulose. Over a 70-day summer period, a protein yield of over a metric ton/ha was extracted from irrigated lucerne.
Remaining useful life estimates of a PEM fuel cell stack by including characterization-induced disturbances in a particle filter model.

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are available for a wide variety of applications such as transportation, micro-cogeneration or powering of portable devices. However, even if this technology becomes close to competitiveness, it still suffers from too short life duration to pretend to a large scale deployment. In a perspective of a longer lifetime, prognostics aims at tracking and anticipating degradation and failure, and thereby enables deciding mitigation actions to increase life duration. Yet, the complexity of degradation phenomena in PEMFC can make prognostic implementation really tough. Indeed, a PEMFC implies multiphysics and multiscale phenomena making the construction of a physics-based aging model very complex. Moreover, prognostics should also take into account external events influencing the aging. Among them, characterization techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopies and polarization curves introduce disturbances in the stack behavior, and a voltage recovery is observed at the end of characterizations process. It means that irreversible degradation and reversible decrease of performances have to be considered. This work proposes to tackle this problem by setting a prognostics system that includes disturbances' effects. We propose a hybrid prognostics approach by combining the use of empirical models and available data. In an evolving system like a fuel stack, a particle filtering framework seems to be really appropriate for life prediction as it offers the possibility to compute models with time varying parameters and to update them all along the prognostics process. Moreover, it offers a great adaptability to include characterization effects and allows giving prediction with a quantified uncertainty. The logic of the work is the following. First, it is shown that simple empirical models only taking into account the aging are very limited in terms of prognostics performances. Then, some features describing the impact of characterization on the stack behavior and aging are extracted and a more complete prognostics model is built. Finally, the new prognostic framework is used to perform remaining useful life estimation and the whole proposition is illustrated with a long term experiment data set in constant current solicitation and stable operating conditions.