Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Gender and Age on the Outcomes of and Adherence to a Digital Interdisciplinary Mental Health Promotion Intervention in an Australasian Nonclinical Setting: Cohort Study

Background The global prevalence of mental health disorders is at a crisis point, particularly in the wake of COVID-19, prompting calls for the development of digital interdisciplinary mental health promotion interventions (MHPIs) for nonclinical cohorts. However, the influence of gender and age on the outcomes of and adherence to MHPIs is not well understood. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the influence of gender and age on the outcomes of and adherence to a 10-week digital interdisciplinary MHPI that integrates strategies from positive psychology and lifestyle medicine and utilizes persuasive systems design (PSD) principles in a nonclinical setting. Methods This study involved 488 participants who completed the digital interdisciplinary MHPI. Participants completed a pre and postintervention questionnaire that used: (1) the “mental health” and “vitality” subscales from the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey; (2) the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and (3) Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWL). Adherence to the digital interdisciplinary MHPI was measured by the number of educational videos the participants viewed and the extent to which they engaged in experiential challenge activities offered as part of the program. Results On average, the participants (N=488; mean age 47.1 years, SD 14.1; 77.5% women) demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all mental health and well-being outcome measures, and a significant gender and age interaction was observed. Women tended to experience greater improvements than men in the mental health and well-being measures, and older men experienced greater improvements than younger men in the mental health and vitality subscales. Multiple analysis of variance results of the adherence measures indicated a significant difference for age but not gender. No statistically significant interaction between gender and age was observed for adherence measures. Conclusions Digital interdisciplinary MHPIs that utilize PSD principles can improve the mental health and well-being of nonclinical cohorts, regardless of gender or age. Hence, there may be a benefit in utilizing PSD principles to develop universal MHPIs such as that employed in this study, which can be used across gender and age groups. Future research should examine which PSD principles optimize universal digital interdisciplinary MHPIs. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619000993190; http://www.anzctr. org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx? id=377889 and Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001009101; http://www.anzctr. org.au/ACTRN12619001009101.aspx
I-V Performance and Stability Study of Dyes for Luminescent Plate Concentrators

In this paper, both the performance and stability of luminescent flat plate concentrator (LFPC) plates in combination with mc-Si photovoltaic cells are studied. It is shown that the electrical current of a silicon solar cell attached to the luminescent plate is improved by a factor 1.5 using a LFPC containing a single dye. It is also shown that most of the dyes are not stable in the polymer plates that are currently used. Screening of the stability of several other dyes indicates that the stability is strongly dependent on the type of dye and the polymer matrix, e.g., additives or the monomer residues.
Predictors of Transition to Frailty in Middle-Aged and Older People With HIV: A Prospective Cohort Study

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: People with HIV (PWH) have increased frailty risk at younger ages compared with the general population. Multimorbidity is associated with frailty, yet effects of specific comorbidities on transition to frailty in PWH are unknown. Setting: Prospective study of 219 PWH age 45 years or older in the National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium. Methods: Frailty status was categorized using Fried frailty phenotype criteria. Comorbidities [bone disease, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, liver disease, renal disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, obesity, cancers, neuropsychiatric conditions] were assessed from longitudinal data. Associations between baseline comorbidities and transition to frailty within 30 months were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression models. Grip strength was assessed using mixed-effects models. Results: At baseline, the median age was 61 years, 73% were male 98% were on antiretroviral therapy, 29% had ≥3 comorbidities, 27% were robust, and 73% were pre-frail. Cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and COPD were independent predictors of transition to frailty within 30 months in models adjusted for age, sex, and multimorbidity (≥3 additional comorbidities) [hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) 2.52 (1.29 to 4.93), 2.31 (1.12 to 4.76), and 1.82 (0.95 to 3.48), respectively]. Furthermore, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, COPD, or liver disease co-occurring with multimorbidity was associated with substantially increased frailty hazards compared with multimorbidity alone (hazard ratios 4.75–7.46). Cerebrovascular disease was associated with decreased baseline grip strength (P = 0.0001), whereas multimorbidity, diabetes, and COPD were associated with declining grip strength (P < 0.10). Conclusions: In older PWH, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, COPD, or liver disease co-occurring with multimorbidity is associated with substantially increased risk of becoming frail within 30 months. Interventions targeting these comorbidities may ameliorate frailty and age-related functional decline in PWH.
The Handedness Index Practical Task (HI20): An economic behavioural measure for assessing manual preference

ABSTRACT Because self-report hand preference measures are limited to investigating cognitive aspects of manual laterality, valid, easy-to-administer and economic behavioural methods are needed for capturing the motoric component of handedness. Therefore, this study introduces the Handedness Index Practical Task (HI20) and tests it in a sample of 206 students (M age = 23.79 years, SD age = 3.01 years), half of whom were self-specified left-handers. After confirming good reliabilities at the subscale and total scale levels, k-means cluster analysis allowed an empirically based partitioning of test subjects into left- (n = 72), mixed- (n = 23) and right-handers (n = 111). To validate this categorization and the HI20 index, data were compared with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI), EHI-short, HI22 and hand grip strength. The congruency between the HI20 clusters and alternative categorizations ranged from 95.6% to 84.0%, while the clusters explained large portions of variance in grip strength differences. The HI20 sub- and total scores showed strong correlations with other measures of lateral preference. Altogether, the freely available HI20 emerges as a reliable and valid alternative for behavioural handedness assessment, whose power lies in explaining differential hand use patterns and enabling fine-grained examinations of handedness.
On the Comparison Between the Stator- and Rotor-excited Claw Pole Alternators

Abstract This article compares the electromagnetic features of rotor-excited claw pole alternators and stator-excited claw pole alternators, which share the same rotor active length. Accounting for the 3D flux path characterizing both machines, the comparison study is based on a 3D finite-element analysis. Following a description of the flux linkage in these machines, special attention is paid to the investigation of their magnetic features, including the air gap spatial repartition of the flux density, torque-angle characteristics, and no-load characteristics. It has been found that the rotor-excited claw pole alternator exhibits a higher back-electromotive force production capability than the stator-excited claw pole alternator, which is penalized by (i) the additional lateral air gaps located in between the collectors and the magnetic rings, and (ii) the homopolar flux. The torque production capability of the stator-excited claw pole alternator is also affected by these drawbacks at low values of the field current. Increasing this leads to a saturation of the rotor-excited claw pole alternator, whose torque production is similar to that of the stator-excited claw pole alternator.
Evolutionary bet-hedging in arbuscular mycorrhiza associating angiosperms.

Early terrestrial plants colonizing land likely relied on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations to meet their nutrient needs (Smith and Read 2008 but see Bidartondo et al. 2011). Despite occasional diversifications towards other mycorrhizal association strategies (Hoeksema 2010; Feijen et al. 2018), the AM symbiosis shows a remarkable persistence over evolutionary time (Brundrett and Tedersoo 2018). Not all plants, however, benefit equally from associating with mycorrhiza (Wilson and Hartnett 1998), and it remains unclear why some plant species for which we often observe negative responses (such as Bromus inermis, Poa pratensis and Koeleria pyramidata in Wilson and Hartnett 1998) to mycorrhiza continue to associate with AM fungi.
Structurally Conserved Domains between Flavivirus and Alphavirus Fusion Glycoproteins Contribute to Replication and Infectious-Virion Production

Arboviruses are a significant global public health threat, yet there are no antivirals targeting these viruses. This problem is in part due to our lack of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the arbovirus life cycle. ABSTRACT Alphaviruses and flaviviruses have class II fusion glycoproteins that are essential for virion assembly and infectivity. Importantly, the tip of domain II is structurally conserved between the alphavirus and flavivirus fusion proteins, yet whether these structural similarities between virus families translate to functional similarities is unclear. Using in vivo evolution of Zika virus (ZIKV), we identified several novel emerging variants, including an envelope glycoprotein variant in β-strand c (V114M) of domain II. We have previously shown that the analogous β-strand c and the ij loop, located in the tip of domain II of the alphavirus E1 glycoprotein, are important for infectivity. This led us to hypothesize that flavivirus E β-strand c also contributes to flavivirus infection. We generated this ZIKV glycoprotein variant and found that while it had little impact on infection in mosquitoes, it reduced replication in human cells and mice and increased virus sensitivity to ammonium chloride, as seen for alphaviruses. In light of these results and given our alphavirus ij loop studies, we mutated a conserved alanine at the tip of the flavivirus ij loop to valine to test its effect on ZIKV infectivity. Interestingly, this mutation inhibited infectious virion production of ZIKV and yellow fever virus, but not West Nile virus. Together, these studies show that shared domains of the alphavirus and flavivirus class II fusion glycoproteins harbor structurally analogous residues that are functionally important and contribute to virus infection in vivo. IMPORTANCE Arboviruses are a significant global public health threat, yet there are no antivirals targeting these viruses. This problem is in part due to our lack of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the arbovirus life cycle. In particular, virus entry and assembly are essential processes in the virus life cycle and steps that can be targeted for the development of antiviral therapies. Therefore, understanding common, fundamental mechanisms used by different arboviruses for entry and assembly is essential. In this study, we show that flavivirus and alphavirus residues located in structurally conserved and analogous regions of the class II fusion proteins contribute to common mechanisms of entry, dissemination, and infectious-virion production. These studies highlight how class II fusion proteins function and provide novel targets for development of antivirals.
Closed Genome Sequence of Yavru, a Novel Arthrobacter globiformis Phage

We characterized the complete genome sequence of actinobacteriophage Yavru (Siphoviridae), a cluster FE bacteriophage infecting Arthrobacter globiformis NRRL B-2979; it was 89.5% identical to cluster FE phage Whytu, with a capsid width of 50 nm and a tail length of 90 nm. The genome was 15,193 bp in length, with 23 predicted protein-coding genes. ABSTRACT We characterized the complete genome sequence of actinobacteriophage Yavru (Siphoviridae), a cluster FE bacteriophage infecting Arthrobacter globiformis NRRL B-2979; it was 89.5% identical to cluster FE phage Whytu, with a capsid width of 50 nm and a tail length of 90 nm. The genome was 15,193 bp in length, with 23 predicted protein-coding genes.
Preoperative predictors of extended resection in patients with complicated acute appendicitis undergoing surger.

Background : Appendectomy can be challenging and occasionally converted to extensive resection for complicated appendicitis. However, optimal treatment strategies can be developed using preoperative risk assessment. Thus, we aimed to investigate the preoperative predictors of extensive resection in complicated appendicitis patients undergoing surgery. Materials and methods : In total, 173 complicated appendicitis patients undergoing surgery between 2014 and 2019 were classified into the appendectomy (n = 153) or extensive resection (n = 20) groups. Clinicopathological factors and surgical outcomes were compared between groups. Results : Extensive resection was performed in 20 of 173 complicated appendicitis patients (11.5%). The rates of having defects in the wall structure at the appendix root on computed tomography images were significantly higher, and the duration from onset to surgery was significantly longer in the extensive resection group. Significant differences were found in operative duration, blood loss and postoperative hospitalization, but none in the incidence of postoperative complications between groups. Multivariate analyses showed that defects in the wall structure at the appendix root and five days or longer from onset were identified as independent predictors of extensive resection. Conclusions : Defects in the wall structure at the appendix root and five days or longer from onset predict extensive resection performance in complicated appendicitis patients. J. Med. Invest. 68 : 334-341, August, 2021.
Deficient neural encoding of speech sounds in term neonates born after fetal growth restriction.

Infants born after fetal growth restriction (FGR) -an obstetric condition defined as the failure to achieve the genetic growth potential- are prone to neurodevelopmental delays, with language being one of the major affected areas. Yet, while verbal comprehension and expressive language impairments have been observed in FGR infants, children and even adults, specific related impairments at birth, such as in the ability to encode the sounds of speech, necessary for language acquisition, remain to be disclosed. Here, we used the frequency-following response (FFR), a brain potential correlate of the neural phase locking to complex auditory stimuli, to explore the encoding of speech sounds in FGR neonates. Fifty-three neonates born with FGR and 48 controls born with weight adequate-for-gestational age (AGA) were recruited. The FFR was recorded to the consonant-vowel stimulus (/da/) during sleep and quantified as the spectral amplitude to the fundamental frequency of the syllable and its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The outcome was available in 45 AGA and 51 FGR neonates, yielding no differences for spectral amplitudes. However, SNR was strongly attenuated in the FGR group compared to the AGA group at the vowel region of the stimulus. These findings suggest that FGR population present a deficit in the neural pitch tracking of speech sounds already present at birth. Our results pave the way for future research on the potential clinical use of the FFR in this population, so that if confirmed, a disrupted FFR recorded at birth may help deriving FGR neonates at risk for postnatal follow-ups. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Selectivity adsorption of sulfate by amino-modified activated carbon during capacitive deionization

ABSTRACT Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an environmentally friendly desalination technique with low energy consumption. However, unmodified carbon electrode materials have poor sulfate selectivity and adsorption capacity. In this work, to improve sulfate selectivity, we prepared activated carbon materials loaded with different amino contents by grafting amino groups via acid treatment for different times. In the competitive ion adsorption experiments, the sulfate selectivity of AC was only 0.64 and the amino-modified AC increased by 1.98-2.52 times due to the formation of stronger hydrogen bonds between the amino group and sulfate. AC-NH2-4 had the best selectivity and the sulfate selective coefficient was 2.25. The desorption of sulfate was 92.46% within one hour. In addition, the surface of the amino-modified activated carbon showed significantly improved electrochemical properties and better capacitance. The specific capacitance of amino-modified AC in different electrolyte solutions was consistent with the competitive adsorption results. The specific capacitance of amino-modified AC in Na2SO4 electrolyte solution was the highest. The modified electrode material also had the advantages of a higher adsorption capacity and excellent regeneration performance after continuous electric adsorption–desorption cycles. Therefore, it may have development potential to selectively adsorb sulfate in practical applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
p38γ and p38δ regulate postnatal cardiac metabolism through glycogen synthase 1

During the first weeks of postnatal heart development, cardiomyocytes undergo a major adaptive metabolic shift from glycolytic energy production to fatty acid oxidation. This metabolic change is contemporaneous to the up-regulation and activation of the p38γ and p38δ stress-activated protein kinases in the heart. We demonstrate that p38γ/δ contribute to the early postnatal cardiac metabolic switch through inhibitory phosphorylation of glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) and glycogen metabolism inactivation. Premature induction of p38γ/δ activation in cardiomyocytes of newborn mice results in an early GYS1 phosphorylation and inhibition of cardiac glycogen production, triggering an early metabolic shift that induces a deficit in cardiomyocyte fuel supply, leading to whole-body metabolic deregulation and maladaptive cardiac pathogenesis. Notably, the adverse effects of forced premature cardiac p38γ/δ activation in neonate mice are prevented by maternal diet supplementation of fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation. These results suggest that diet interventions have a potential for treating human cardiac genetic diseases that affect heart metabolism.
Typical models of compact transmission lines and application prospect in 500 kV AC system of China

Combined with the situation of 500 kV AC system of China, this paper outlines the several typical models of compact transmission lines, including single-circuit models and double-circuit models. Calculating the different arrangement of conductor lines. The parameters such as maximum surface field gradients, surge impedance, natural power transfer capacity and electromagnetic fields of compact transmission lines are calculated and also compared with traditional transmission lines based upon the operation circumstances of 500 kV AC system. By adopting the compact transmission lines, maximum surface field gradients can be reduced, and surge impedance can be decreased resulting in significantly higher natural power transfer capacity. The width of high electromagnetic field corridor is narrowed. It will contribute to gaining tremendous economic benefit and has a good prospect for application in China.
Framing Effects, Social Norm Perception, and Tolerance of Lesbian and Gay Individuals: Experimental Evidence From Slovakia

ABSTRACT Perceptions of social norms can have downstream consequences for attitudes and behaviors, especially when it comes to the acceptance of marginalized groups. While interventions focusing on social norms may boost tolerance, few studies test whether variations in norm communication affect individuals’ perceptions. Thus, in this paper, we test the effectiveness of three communicative aspects—valence framing (Experiments 1–3), point of view (Experiment 1), and group centrism (Experiment 3)—in shifting perceptions of social norms. Specifically, we investigate whether manipulating these aspects affects perceptions of tolerance of lesbian and gay individuals in Slovakia, where LGBTQ+ acceptance is among the lowest in Europe. We found that while positively valenced messages shifted perceptions toward tolerance, manipulating point of view and group-centrism did not. We believe that these findings can inform interventions intended to shift perceptions of social norms in hostile contexts, an important first step in changing prejudiced attitudes and behaviors.
A new MPPT method for photovoltaic systems used for hydrogen production

Purpose – In most maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods described in the literature, the optimal operating point of the PV systems is estimated by linear approximations. These approximations can reduce considerably the performances of the PV systems. This paper seeks to provide comparative analyses of different MPPT methods used in photovoltaic (PV) systems and proposes a new approach that uses a nonlinear expression of the optimal voltage in combination with perturbation and observation (P&O) methods.Design/methodology/approach – First, an analytical model for determining the nonlinear PV optimal operating point is detailed and each equation is explained. Second, a combination of the new method with P&O method is proposed to reduce the PV losses.Findings – The simulation results showed that the approach improves clearly the tracking efficiency of the maximum power available at the PV modules output. The implementation of this new method will improve PV systems energy production rate and its long‐te.
Study on Hydrological Simulation of Jin River Based on SWAT-X Model

Hydrological simulation is the basis of water resources management and utilization. In this study, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied to Jin River Basin for hydrological simulation on ArcView3.3 platform. The basic database of Jin river Basin was built using ArcGis9.2. Based on the LH-OAT parameter sensitivity analysis, the sensitive parameters of runoff were identified, including CN2, Gwqmn, rchrg_dp, ESCO, sol_z, SLOPE, SOL_AWC, sol_k, Gwrevap, and then model parameters related to runoff were calibrated and validated using data observed in weifang, yifeng, shanggao and gaoan hydrological stations during 2001-2008. The simulation showed that the simulated values were reasonably comparable to the observed data (Re<20%, R2 >0.7 and Nash-suttcliffe > 0.7), suggesting the validity of SWAT model in Jin River Basin.