Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Battery Pack Temperature Estimation Model for Evs and Its Semi-transient Case Study

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries may fail through thermal runaway caused by increased temperature. It is thus important to monitor battery temperature for prevention of the battery failure. Currently, thermal monitoring of the battery for electric vehicles (EVs) is being conducted by multiple thermostats. As the size of battery system increases and the cells are closely packed to exploit high power density, the number of thermostats is also increased to monitor the battery system. However, this increased number of sensors enhances the probability of the sensor malfunction, which prevents robust thermal monitoring, and causes increased maintenance cost and customer complaints. This paper thus proposes an online applicable temperature prediction model for EV battery pack while minimizing the number of sensors and keeping the monitoring capability. This was possible with three ideas: (a) devising battery thermal characterization test under various operating conditions, (b) development of the online-applicable temperature prediction model using artificial neural network (ANN), and (c) validation of the temperature prediction model. The proposed temperature prediction model was demonstrated with the EV battery pack that consists of twelve battery modules.
Stability analysis in wound composite material axial impeller

A stability analysis is developed to assess the stresses and dynamic characteristics of the wound composite material axial impeller under centrifugal force loading conditions. This procedure is based on finite element analysis (commercial software ABAQUS) results. A low-cost, light-weight, high-performance composite turbomachinery impeller with a uniquely designed blade patterns is evaluated. Understanding the stress–strain behaviour of fibre-reinforced composite laminates as it relates to ultimate failure and the ability to predict ultimate strength is critical in the design of safe and lightweight impellers. To determine failures, the maximum stress failure criterion is used. In order to avoid operating at resonance, which can make impellers suffer a significant reduction in the design life, the designer must calculate the natural frequency and modal shape of the impeller to analyse the dynamic characteristics. The results show that using composite Kevlar fibre/epoxy matrix enables the impeller to run at a rotating speed 2228 rad/s and withstand the stresses, no critical speed will be matched during start-up and shut-down, and that mass imbalances of the impeller shall not pose a critical problem.
Radiomic signatures based on multiparametric MR images for predicting Ki-67 index expression in medulloblastoma

Background Medulloblastoma (MB) is a common central nervous system tumor in children with extensive heterogeneity and different prognoses. This study aimed to classify the Ki-67 index in MB with radiomic characteristics based on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging to guide treatment and assess the prognosis of patients. Methods Three sequences of T1W, CE-T1W, and T2W were used as test data. Two experienced radiologists manually segmented the tumors according to T2W images from 90 patients. The patients were divided into training and test sets at a ratio of 7:3, and 833 dimensional image features were extracted for each patient. Five models were trained using the feature set selected in three ways. Finally, the area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy (ACC) were used on the test set to evaluate the performance of the different models. Results A random forest (RF) model combining three sequence features achieved the best performance (ACC: 0.771, 95% CI: 0.727 to 0.816; AUC: 0.697, 95% CI: 0.614 to 0.78). The voting model that combined a RF and a support vector machine (SVM) had higher performance than the other models (ACC: 0.796, 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.833; AUC: 0.689, 95% CI: 0.615 to 0.763). The best prediction model that used only one sequence feature was voting in the T2W sequence (ACC: 0.736, 95% CI: 0.705 to 0.766; AUC: 0.636, 95% CI: 0.585 to 0.688). The ensemble model was better than the single training model, and a multi-sequence combination was better than a single sequence prediction. The multiple feature selection methods were better than a combination of the two methods. Conclusions A model obtained by machine learning could help doctors predict the Ki-67 values of patients more efficiently to make targeted judgments for subsequent treatments.
Material mix control in cement plant automation

The objective of this article is the development of a novel raw material mix proportion control algorithm for a cement plant raw mill, so as to maintain preset target mix proportion at the raw mill outlet. This algorithm utilizes one of the most basic and important tools of numerical linear algebra, the singular value decomposition (SVD), for calculation of raw mix proportion. The strength of this algorithm has been verified by comparing the results of this method with that of the results of the QCX-software developed by F.L. Smidth of Denmark, a pioneer in cement plant automation, on a 2500 tons-per-day (tpd) dry process cement plant situated at Jayanthipuram, Andhra Pradesh, India. >
Multilayer inphase power divider for UWB applications

A multilayer inphase power divider with ultra wideband behavior is presented. It has a compact size with an overall dimension of 20 mm × 30 mm. The proposed divider utilizes broadside coupling via a multilayer microstrip/slot configuration. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed device has 3.3 ± 0.3 dB insertion loss, about 20 dB return loss, and 10 dB isolation across the frequency band 3.1‐10.6 GHz. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1402–1405, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23379
Regional precipitation trends since 1500 CE, reconstructed from calcite sublayers of a varved Mediterranean lake record (Central Pyrenees).

The Mediterranean region is expected to be highly impacted by global warming, although the uncertainty of future scenarios, particularly about precipitation patterns remains quite large. To better predict shifts in its current climate system and to test models, more regional climate records are needed spanning longer than the instrumental period. Here we provide a high-resolution reconstruction of Autumn precipitation for the Central Pyrenees since 1500 CE based on calcite sublayer width from from Montcortès Lake (Central southern Pyrenees) varved sediments. The 500-yr calcite data series was detrended and calibrated with instrumental climate records by applying correlations and cross-correlations to regional precipitation anomalies. Highest relationships were obtained between a composite calcite series and autumn precipitation anomalies for the complete calibration period (1900-2002) and for the two halves of the full period. Applied statistical tests were significant, evidencing that the climatic signal could be reconstructed. The reconstructed precipitation anomalies show interdecadal shifts, and rainfall decrease within the coldest period of the LIA and during the second half of the 20th century, probably associated to current Global Warming. Neither increasing nor decreasing linear trends or periods of extreme precipitation events were identified. Our results are coherent with other palaeohydrological reconstructions for northern Iberian Peninsula. Correlations between the predicted autumn precipitation and the main teleconnections -NAO, ENSO and WEMO- were weak, although a potential relationship with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) pattern is suggested. The obtained reconstruction provides the first estimations of regional autumn precipitation shifts in the Central Pyrenees and is one of the few reconstructions that cover annual-to-century scale climate variability of precipitation in the Mediterranean region from the end of the Litte Ice Age (LIA) to the current period of Global Warming.
Learning from Measurement

The Built Environment Research Group (BERG) at the School of Architecture and Building at Deakin University is involved in the monitoring of building energy consumption, lighting and acoustic levels, as well as material and thermal performance. Such measurements have taken place in several buildings over the last few years. This has been the result of a deliberate policy of BERG to initiate a process that completes the loop of design, prediction, monitoring, verification, teaching, then back to design again. This paper presents a summary of some projects that have involved building monitoring. We have established a methodology for measuring buildings which will be discussed, as well as the reasoning behind our desire to monitor buildings in general. The paper will present a summary of the results of measurement acquired to date (energy consumption, schedules, operation, etc.) and the lessons that have been learned from this monitoring program.
Implementing the European Foundation for Quality Management Excellence Model

The European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) was founded in 1988 and is committed to promoting quality as the fundamental process for continuous improvement within a business. It is dedicated to stimulating and assisting management in applying innovative principles of Total Quality Management suited to the European environment. Its aim is to improve the competitiveness of European private and public sector organisations. Over 10,000 firms in the private and public sector all over Europe now incorporate the EFQM Excellence Model in their overall corporate management process. In 1999, 60% of the top 25 companies in Europe (and 30% of the top 100) were members of the EFQM. This paper focuses on establishing the rationale for implementing the EFQM model. The advocated advantages are established. The scoring process is demonstrated using the EFQM RADAR (Results, Approach, Deployment, Assessment and Review). Further original work is presented by the author on the scoring model to include the 'RADAR' Pentagonal Scoring Profile. This provides a simplistic, yet effective, method of communicating the selfevaluation data to senior management for benchmarking purposes. The RADAR Pentagonal Profile has been endorsed by the EFQM. A generic implementational model for EFQM within surveying organisations is incorporated.
Evaluation of Aeroelastic Uncertainty Analysis Methods

DOI: 10.2514/1.47118 Flutter is a destructive and potentially explosive phenomenon that is the result of the simultaneous interaction of aerodynamic, elastic, and inertial forces. The nature of flutter mandates that flutter flight testing be cautious and conservative. Because of this, further investigation of uncertainty analysis with respect to the flutter problem is desiredandwarranted.Predictionof flutterinthetransonicregimerequirescomputationallyexpensivehigh-fidelity simulation models. Because of the computational demands, traditional uncertainty analysis is not often applied to transonic flutter prediction, resulting in reduced confidence in the results. The work described herein is aimed at exploring various methods to reduce the existing computational time limitations of traditional uncertainty analysis. Specifically,thecouplingofdesignofexperimentandresponsesurfacemethodsandtheapplicationofanalysisare appliedtoavalidatedaeroelasticmodeloftheAGARD445.6wing. Fromahigh-fidelitynonlinearaeroelasticmodel, a linear reduced-order model is produced that captures the essential dynamic characteristics. Using reduced-order models, the design of experiment, response surface methods, and -analysis approaches are compared with traditional Monte Carlo-based stochastic simulation. All of these approaches to uncertainty analysis have advantages and drawbacks. Results from these methods and their robustness are compared and evaluated. HE potentially explosive nature of flutter mandates that flutter flight testing be cautious and conservative. The development of a flutterstabilityparameterwasundertakenfourdecadesagotogivea more reliable technique to predict the onset of flutter. Other methods of predicting flutter such as damping versus velocity are known to have a number of shortcomings, one of which can be the sudden degradationindampingasillustratedintheexplosive flutterexample shown in Zimmerman and Weissenburger [1]. In this classic paper, the flutter stability parameter was developed using the classical two-dimensional, two-degree-of-freedom (pitch/plunge) aeroelastic wing model, and the technique was shown to be applicable for higher-degree-of-freedom analysis. The flutter stability parameter (flutter margin) is calculated using the decay rate and damped frequency. Traditionally, computational aeroelasticity for loads and flutter prediction combines a linear finite element formulation for the structure with linear aerodynamic methods. At the same time, the prediction of aerodynamic performance and control surface effectivenessaccountsfortheeffectsofthestructuralelasticdeformations on the external aerodynamics by means of correction factors applied to results obtained when the aircraft is assumed to be rigid. Both practices are well-established in aircraft design and give accurate, reliable, and rather inexpensive predictions for static and dynamic
Diversify thematic organization, extracurricular activities to improve the effectiveness of social skills education for junior high school students

This article proposes an essential solution to improve the quality and effectiveness of social skills education for students at public junior high schools in Ho Chi Minh City, which is the fastest developed city in Vietnam that is demanding better human resources coming out from schools, by analyzing the status quo of managing and conducting these educational activities in 20 schools across the city via mixed-method data collections. The authors approached issues and created that solution from the perspective of practical school leadership and management, due to the fact that most of the recent studies about social skills education focused on concepts and assessment of social skills, or educational practices to deliver and train these skills to students. Based on the concrete theories about the correlation between school leadership and educational effectiveness, as well as the strengths and drawbacks of targeted schools and Vietnamese education, the managerial solution proposed is diversifying thematic organizations and extracurricular activities about social skills for students.
Behavioural Aspects of Financial Decision-Making Process of Managers in Wood-Processing Enterprises

The study is focused on behavioural aspects in the financial decision-making process of wood-processing enterprises. The main aim was to map this topic and determine the key behavioural factors that lead management to make mistakes. Primary data on this issue were obtained from an empirical survey. The empirical survey was conducted through a questionnaire that contains questions focused on behavioural decision-making aspects. Using statistical methods, three key behavioural factors were determined. By selecting the given behavioural factors, it was established that love, hate, and sadness are the key factors that influence management behaviour and decision-making. In the real business environment, two managers working in a wood processing enterprise were chosen; they were willing to provide us with a review and opinion on the results of the survey. By analysing all the data, it has been concluded that, even though managers are trying to direct their behaviour and activities, they often do not notice the influence of these factors, and sometimes they are unable to make decisions. The managers should be able to direct their behaviour and activities, to provide self-control and take into consideration the fact that these factors are always present. Results determine the key and systematically occurring errors in the financial decision-making process, caused by the influence of the human factor. We have developed a model for activating the three key behavioural factors applied in the financial decision-making process as a tool that can help company managers not to make the wrong decisions.
Impact of Commonly Prescribed Antibiotics on Preterm Gut Microbiome in Necrotising Enterocolitis and Late Onset Sepsis

Background: Antibiotics are usually prescribed to preterm infants during their early days of life in neonatal intensive care units. The effects of this intervention on the developing gut microbiome are poorly understood but might have important consequences for health. We aimed to explore the routinely used antibiotics in a neonatal intensive care unit and to what extent this intervention alters the preterm gut microbiome. Methods: The three most commonly prescribed antibiotic combinations were analysed VCM (Vancomycin, Ceftazidine and Metronidazole), VC (Vancomycin and Ceftazidine) and AFG (Amoxicillin, Flucloxacillin, and Gentamicin). Sampling was performed at four time points: 2-3 days before course started (Pre), last day of administration (During), 1-2 days after antibiotic was given (After), and one week later than or as late as possible before next antibiotic course. In total, 141 stool samples were collected from 38 patients and bacterial profiling was performed by 16SrRNA gene sequencing (Miseq, Illumina) Results: Bacterial diversity increased significantly after the VC course was stopped (P=0.1). Diversity was reduced for all antibiotic treatment during their administration (P>0.05). Generally, VCM and VC were comparable with lower bacterial taxa when compared to AFG which recorded higher bacterial taxa. The result also showed that VC and VCM recovered but AFG does not. Conclusion: The three antibiotics courses differentially affected the preterm gut microbiome, causing reductions in the diversity. Further work is necessary to determine the contribution of these changes to health and how medical intervention can be tailored to achieve optimal outcomes for preterm infants.
MIMO Channel Capacity for the Distributed Antenna Systems

We examine the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel capacity where one side of the link constitutes a largely spaced antenna array, e.g. distributed antenna system (DAS), which prompts the need to model the channel that has both mi- croscopic and macroscopic fading. Specifically, we consider a MIMO system comprising M antennas co-located at one side of the link and N largely separated ports each with L antennas co- located within a port at the other, named as generalized distributed antenna system (GDAS) (1). We assume independent macro- scopic and microscopic fading between ports and common macro- scopic but independent microscopic fading at each antenna in a port. Using a simple composite fading channel model, a Rayleigh- lognormal composite fading, the influence of the macroscopic di- versity as well as the microscopic diversity on the channel capacity, especially the outage capacity, of the MIMO GDAS is investigated for both the uplink and the downlink.
Printing technology for ubiquitous electronics

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the economics of various printing processes proposed for small‐scale electronic products such as radio frequency identification tags, smart cards, and wireless sensors, and to present a new transfer printing method.Design/methodology/approach – The costs of several types of microstructuring techniques were calculated from commercial product data, along with a detailed spreadsheet simulation of inkjet printing for microelectronics. A new material for transfer printing was developed, along with suitable tooling for placing small and thin dice on flexible substrates.Findings – The cost analysis of inkjet printing suggests that it may not be substantially less expensive than conventional silicon technology for this purpose, while achieving inferior performance. Offset printing is cheaper but further from practicality. The new transfer printing process successfully prints very small silicon dice at high speed, and appears to meet the market needs with respect t.
Showcase construction: Materials and methods used at the museum of London

Abstract At the Museum of London, a number of permanent galleries have recently been refurbished mainly with cases that have been designed and constructed in‐house (by museum staff or contractors) rather than buying from specialist museum showcase manufacturers. This initiated a programme of testing construction materials, investigating recommended methods for reducing emissions, applying the results and monitoring case environments in use. It was found that with careful preparation, some relatively low‐cost materials can be used. Guidelines on materials such as wood products, barrier coatings and films, paints and graphics are given and preliminary work on venting cases and pollution monitoring is discussed.
Active Structural Geometries and Their Correlation With Moderate (M 5.5‐7.0) Earthquakes in the Jiashi‐Keping Region, Tian Shan Southwestern Front

In the tectonic framework of the seismically active Tian Shan, the Jiashi‐Keping region, located at the mountain's southwestern front, is characterized by frequent moderate (M 5.5–7.0) earthquakes, rather than by strong (M ≥ 7.5) earthquakes as observed in other Tian Shan regions. What structures are responsible for these moderate earthquakes and whether or not more destructive earthquakes can occur remain largely unexplored. Based on an integrated analysis of published geologic and geomorphic mapping data, Google Earth satellite images, published and our collected 2D petroleum seismic‐reflection profiles, as well as available seismologic data and InSAR observations, in this study, we investigate active structural geometries and their correlation with the 2020 Mw 6.0, the 2003 Mw 6.2, and other recorded major earthquakes. Our study indicates that active structures in the region can be grouped into the Kepintagh thrust imbricates, the Bachu‐Kepintagh transpressional fault system, and the Xiasuhong transtensional fault system. The recorded major earthquakes are correlated with the Kepintagh thrust imbricates and the Xiasuhong fault system, both of which are highly segmented along strike and have limited downdip extensions. Although the recorded seismicity is characterized by moderate earthquakes, larger earthquakes may be generated by (i) the Bachu transpressional fault system (Mw ≥ 7.3) and the Kepintagh lower ramp (Mw > 7.5). Our study highlights the control of fault geometry on the seismic rupture process and regional seismic activities and enhances our understanding of seismic hazards in the Tian Shan.
Design of compact dual‐ and tri‐band bandpass filters using λ/4 and λ/2 resonators

This article presents a novel approach for designing dual‐ and tri‐band bandpass filters with independently controlled center frequencies and bandwidths. λ/4 and λ/2 resonators are used to obtain dual‐ and tri‐band responses. λ/4 resonators are designed to operate at the lower passband(s) and λ/2 resonators are designed to operate at the higher passband. The bandwidth of each passband can be tuned independently by adjusting the coupling gap. To verify the presented concept, two experimental examples of filters have been designed and fabricated and good agreements are shown between the simulation and the measurement. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 638–641, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24111