Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Gyroscope Based Accurate Pedometer Algorithm

Accurate step counting is important in pedometer based indoor localization. Existing step detection techniques are not sufficiently accurate, especially at low walking speeds that are commonly observed when navigating unfamiliar environments. This is more critical when vision impaired indoor navigation is considered due to the fact that they have relatively low walking speeds. Almost all existing pedometer techniques use accelerometer data to identify steps, which is not very accurate at low walking speeds. This paper describes a gyroscope based pedometer algorithm implemented in a smartphone. The smartphone is placed in the pocket of the trouser, which is a usual carrying position of the mobile phone. The gyroscope sensor data is used for the identification of steps. The algorithm was designed to demand minimal computational resources so that it can be easily implemented in an embedded platform. Raw data from the sensor are filtered using a 6th order Butterworth filter for noise reduction. This is then sent though a zero crossing detector which identifies the steps. A minimum delay between two consecutive zero crossings was used to avoid fluctuations being counted and peak detection was used to validate steps. The algorithm has a calibration mode, in which the absolute minimum swing of data is learnt to set the threshold. This approach demonstrated accuracies above 96% even at slow walking speeds on flat land, above 95% when walking up/down hills and above 90% when going up/down stairs. This has supported the concept that the gyroscope can be used efficiently in step identification for indoor positioning and navigation systems.
Management: A Practical Introduction

PART 1. INTRODUCTION 1. The Exceptional Manager: What You Do, How You Do It 2. Management Theory: Essential Background for the Successful Manager PART 2. THE ENVIRONMENT OF MANAGEMENT 3. The Manager's Changing Work Environment & Ethical Responsibilities 4. Global Management: Managing Across Borders PART 3. PLANNING 5. Planning: The Foundation of Successful Management 6. Strategic Management: How Star Managers Realize a Grand Design 7. Individual & Group Decision Making: How Managers Make Things Happen PART 4. ORGANIZING 8. Organizational Culture, Structure, & Design: Building Blocks of the Organization 9. Human Resource Management: Getting the Right People for Managerial Success 10. Organizational Change & Innovation: Lifelong Challenges for the Exceptional Manager PART 5. LEADING 11. Managing Individual Differences & Behavior: Supervising People as People 12. Motivating Employees: Achieving Superior Performance in the Workplace 13. Groups & Teams: Increasing Cooperation, Reducing Conflict 14. Power, Influence, & Leadership: From Becoming a Manager to Becoming a Leader 15. Interpersonal & Organizational Communication: Mastering the Exchange of Information PART 6. CONTROL 16. Control: Techniques for Enhancing Organizational Effectiveness Epilogue: The Future of Management and the Keys to Your Managerial Success Appendix: The Project Planner's Toolkit: Flowcharts, Gantt Charts, & Break-Even Analysis
Characterization and emulation of a new supercapacitor-type energy storage device

The work in this thesis focuses on the characterization, modeling and emulation of both the supercapacitor and the new supercapattery energy storage device. The characterization involves the selection of dynamic models and experimental methodologies to derive model parameters. The characterizing processes focus on predicting short-term device dynamics, energy retention (self-discharging) and losses and round-trip efficiency. A methodology involving a pulse current method is applied for the first time to identify a model parameter to give fast device dynamic characteristics and a new constant power cycling method is used for evaluating round-trip efficiency. Experimental results are shown for a number of supercapacitor and supercapattery devices and good results are obtained. The derived models from the characterization results are implemented into the emulator system and the emulator system is used to mimic the dynamic characteristics of a scaled-up 1kW supercapattery device. The thesis also addresses voltage equalizing circuits and reports a study that investigates efficiency, a cell voltage deviation and voltage equalizing time for different control methods.
Patriarchy, gender norms and female student dropout from high schools in Nepal

ABSTRACT This study captured multiple perspectives on female student dropout from high schools in Nepal. We used random, purposive and snowballing sampling methods to select respondents from seven categories: parents, dropped-out students, students in school, head teachers, teachers and district education office staff. The 96 participants were geographically diverse; from six districts in three ecological regions: the mountains, the hills and the Terai. In-depth interviews were conducted. Findings revealed an array of socio-cultural issues pertinent to gender imbalance, a patriarchal value system and educational issues that disfavoured female students. It was concluded that there was a need for substantial restructuring of the education system in Nepal, including effective economic reform, stakeholder awareness programmes, and sound planning for eliminating gender inequalities functioning within the patriarchal value system at all levels of socio-economic disadvantage.
Sn(II)/PN@AC catalysts: synthesis, physical-chemical characterization, and applications

In this study, the novel tin-based catalysts (Sn(II)/PN@AC) were prepared using the phosphorus and nitrogen dual-modified activated carbon as support and SnCl2 as active compounds, as well as then evaluated in acetylene hydrochlorination. Under the reaction temperature of 180 °C and an acetylene gas hourly space velocity (GHSV-C2H2) of 30 h–1, the 15%Sn(II)/PN@AC-550 showed the initial acetylene conversion of 100% and vinyl chloride selectivity over 98.5%. Additionally, the deactivation rate of 15%Sn(II)/PN@AC-550 reached 0.47% h–1, which was lower than that of 15%Sn(II)/AC-550 (1.02% h–1), suggesting that PN@AC-550 as novel support can retarded the deactivation of Sn(II)/AC-550 catalysts during acetylene hydrochlorination. Based on the catalytic tests and characterization results (XRD, Raman, BET surface area, TEM, C2H2-TPD, H2-TPR, XPS, FT-IR, TGA, and ICP), it demonstrated that PN@AC-550 as support could effectively improve the dispersion of tin species, retard the formation of coke deposition, lessen the oxidation of SnCl2 during the preparation process, as well as relatively inhibit the leach of tin species during the reaction. By combing the FTIR results and Rideal–Eley mechanism, we proposed that that HSnCl3 was transition state of SnCl2 in catalysis acetylene hydrochlorination and then adsorbed the acetylene to produce the vinyl chloride.
Artificial Intelligence for Audit, Forensic Accounting, and Valuation

This book examines current topics and trends in strategic auditing, accounting and finance in digital transformation both from a theoretical and practical perspective. It covers areas such as internal control, corporate governance, enterprise risk management, sustainability and competition. The contributors of this volume emphasize how strategic approaches in this area help companies in achieving targets. The contributions illustrate how by providing good governance, reliable financial reporting, and accountability, businesses can win a competitive advantage. It further discusses how new technological developments like artificial intelligence (AI), cybersystems, network technologies, financial mobility and smart applications, will shape the future of accounting and auditing for firms.
PENGARUH NILAI PELANGGAN DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN, MELALUI KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA PELANGGAN BUS EFISIENSI (Studi PO Efisiensi Jurusan Yogyakarta-Cilacap)

This research is conducted to determine the influence of customer value and service quality to customer loyalty, through customer satisfaction of Bus Efisiensi. The location of this research is the reservations in Ambarketawang Gamping, Yogyakarta. The population is all passengers of Bus Efisiensi. The sample is passengers who meet the criteria as customers who have used the Bus Efisiensi more than 3 times in the past 3 months by as many as 100 respondents.The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The analysis used in this research is the Sructural Equation Modeling (SEM ). The results of this stud y are : (1) respondents are satisfied with the bus service; (2) PO Efisiensi has provided better quality of service; (3) respondents who are satisfied will provide the foundation for their long-term relationship to the company; (4) the customer will form expectations about the value and act on it, and they evaluate offers; (5) service quality has a positive influence on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction.
KEEPING ROAD USER CHARGING SIMPLE

This paper looks briefly at the characteristics of the technologies commonly considered for road user charging and then the types of scheme design which could be implemented. A quick overview of the key technologies available and commonly used for detecting vehicle usage is provided. Each of the charging policies suggested can have further variations with different tariffs based on combinations of time of day, direction of travel, road type, vehicle characteristics (emissions categories, trailers, etc) and vehicle class (heavy goods vehicle, car, motorbike, etc). To achieve best value the factors which must be balanced are the implementation costs, the operating costs, the understanding and acceptability by users and achieving the desired change in the pattern of vehicle usage. The issues arising fromthe geography of the area for road pricing are discussed. Gantries and toll plazas maybe acceptable on major roads but less so in urban areas and outside historic buildings. The cost of serving the users of a scheme is the multiple of the frequency of communication and the cost of response so it is advantageous to minimise both. The objective is to set scheme charging policies and methods to maximise the use of electronic payment channels and customer self service. The key to gaining a cost saving through account type payment is billing accuracy. It is considered that barriers and toll plazas are not viable options for most road user charging purposes because of both the physical space they require and their impact on the free flow of traffic. Satellite systems are prohibitively expensive unless the scheme impacts a relatively small number of users or covers a large physicalarea (e.g. national lorry user charges). This leaves ANPR and Tag based options for city and other limited geography or route schemes. Here the artis balancing the issues of ANPR accuracy against charging policy. The practicality of ANPR only solutions diminish as the number of charging eventsper user increases however the cost of Tag based solutions and handling the infrequent users must be balanced against the scheme objectives as the more complex options will inevitably cost more to implement, operate and enforce. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.
Reply to Referee #2

We simulated the time evolution of atmospheric cluster concentrations in a one-component system where clusters 10 grow not only by condensation of monomers, but where cluster-cluster collisions also significantly contribute to the growth of the clusters. Our aims were to investigate the consistency of the growth rates of sub-3 nm clusters determined with different methods, and the validity of the common approach to use them to estimate particle formation rates. We compared the growth rate corresponding to particle fluxes (FGR), the growth rate derived from the appearance times of clusters (AGR) and the growth rate calculated based on irreversible vapor condensation (CGR). We found that the relation between the different 15 growth rates depends strongly on the external conditions and the properties of the model substance. The difference between the different growth rates was typically highest at the smallest, sub-2nm sizes. FGR was generally lower than AGR and CGR; at the smallest sizes the difference was often very large, while at sizes larger than 2 nm, the growth rates were closer to each other. AGR and CGR were in most cases close to each other at all sizes. The difference between the growth rates was generally lower in conditions where cluster concentrations were high, and evaporation and other losses thus less significant. Furthermore, 20 our results show that the conventional method used to determine particle formation rates from growth rates may give estimates far from the true values. Thus, care must be taken not only in how the growth rate is determined but also in how it is applied.
The interface of music therapy and speech pathology in the rehabilitation of children with acquired brain injury

This article discusses the role and conjoint uses of music therapy and speech pathology to aid the treatment of acquired neurological speech and language difficulties in children attending a rehabilitation unit. Research, descriptive case studies, models for intervention and techniques used in conjoint music therapy and speech pathology are described to support this approach for children with acquired speech and language difficulties. Two case studies presented illustrate the benefits of conjoint music therapy/speech pathology. Interventions addressed the areas of facilitation of vocalisations, enhancement of vocal quality, improved breath support for speech, rhythm, coordination and timing of speech and the social uses of language. Implications for clinical practice and research using this specialised coordinated approach are also presented and discussed. (author abstract)
Cognitive training transfer using a personal computer-based game: A close quarters battle case study

iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v TABLE OF CONTENTS. vi LIST OF FIGURES . viii LIST OF TABLES. x LIST OF ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS. xiii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. 1 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. 9 Taxonomies. 15 Team Competencies. 20 Training Teams in Virtual Environments . 22 Objective Based Training . 29 Events Based Approach to Training . 31 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY . 34 Approach. 34 Design of the Experiment . 39 Assessment. 40 Applying EBAT to the Development of a PC Game-Based Training Application . 40 CHAPTER FOUR: FINDINGS. 44 The Set-Up. 44 The experiment . 46 The Demographics . 49
Evolution of the Commercialisation Trajectories in Nanotechnologies

The purpose of this paper is to reach better general understanding of the institutions and processes needed to develop and commercialise nanosciences and nanotechnologies. This knowledge may prove useful to guide the actions of public and private agents. In order to analyse the paths followed in the evolution of nanotechnologies markets, the following points must be taken into account: government initiatives, creation of standards, possible applications, creation of firms, dynamics of patenting and the development of laws and regulations needed for commercialisation, although within the necessary context of sustainable development and respect for public health.
Humanware: The Critical Role of People in Supporting Research in the Cloud

Cyberinfrastructure is generally defined as consisting of computing systems, data storage systems, advanced instruments and data repositories, visualization environments, and people, all linked by high-speed networks to enable scholarly innovation and discoveries. Usually, the "people" component is overlooked in favor of all the other "wares" . hardware, software, vizware, and netware. The term "humanware" provides an analogous term to emphasize the important role that people play in supporting the use of cyberinfrastructure's other components. Humans have always been important to the deployment and effective use of technology. This paper seeks to provide historical perspective on the role of people in deploying technology, and to illuminate the challenges associated with emphasizing humanware's importance to the use of cloud-provided cyberinfrastructure.
Indoor localization using place and motion signatures

Most current methods for 802.11-based indoor localization depend on either simple radio propagation models or exhaustive, costly surveys conducted by skilled technicians. These methods are not satisfactory for long-term, large-scale positioning of mobile devices in practice. This thesis describes two approaches to the indoor localization problem, which we formulate as discovering user locations using place and motion signatures. The first approach, organic indoor localization, combines the idea of crowdsourcing, encouraging end-users to contribute place signatures (location RF fingerprints) in an organic fashion. Based on prior work on organic localization systems, we study algorithmic challenges associated with structuring such organic location systems: the design of localization algorithms suitable for organic localization systems, qualitative and quantitative control of user inputs to “grow” an organic system from the very beginning, and handling the device heterogeneity problem, in which different devices have different RF characteristics. In the second approach, motion compatibility–based indoor localization, we formulate the localization problem as trajectory matching of a user motion sequence onto a prior map. Our method estimates indoor location with respect to a prior map consisting of a set of 2D floor plans linked through horizontal and vertical adjacencies. To enable the localization system, we present a motion classification algorithm that estimates user motions from the sensors available in commodity mobile devices. We also present a route network generation method, which constructs a graph representation of all user routes from legacy floor plans. Given these inputs, our HMM-based trajectory matching algorithm recovers user trajectories. The main contribution is the notion of path compatibility, in which the sequential output of a classifier of inertial data producing low-level motion estimates (standing still, walking straight, going upstairs, turning left etc.) is examined for metric/topological/semantic agreement with the prior map. We show that, using only proprioceptive data of the quality typically available on a modern smartphone, our method can recover the user’s location to within several meters in one to two minutes after a “cold start. ” Thesis Supervisor: Seth Teller Title: Professor of Computer Science and Engineering
Speed Estimation of PMSM Using Support Vector Regression

We present a novel speed estimation of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM) based on Support Vector Regression(SVR). The proposed method can estimate wide speed range, including 0.33Hz with full load, accurately in the steady and transient states where motor parameters variations are known without parameter estimator. Moreover, the method does not need offline training previously but is trained on-line. The training starts with the PMSM operation simultaneously and estimates the speed in real time. The experimental results shows the validity and the usefulness of the proposed algorithm for the 0.4Kw PMSM DSP(TMS320VC33) drive system.
Control the Flywheel Storage System by Fuzzy Logic Associated With the Wind Generator

Conversion system of wind energy has become a focal point in the search for renewable energy sources. This article then exhibits a study of the overall operation of a wind generator to provide a constant power or variable the consumer demand while providing services system. In order to provide system services, we consider a variable speed wind turbine coupled to a double-fed induction generator (DFIG) combined with energy storage system. We consider the Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) based on fuzzy logic controlled by IM. Due to the use of power converters, The double fed induction Generator and the storage system are electrically coupled by a DC bus. Simulation results showing the benefits of using energy storage.
Spatial Geometry of the Human Pelvis

Abstract : This report presents a three-dimensional description of adult female and male pelvis from the Hamann-Todd skeletal collection, Cleveland Museum of Natural History. Based on a linear height/weight matching strategy and the 1961- 1964 U.S. Health and Examination Survey (HES) data, specimens were selected to represent the small female, medium male, and large male pelvic sizes. One hundred and twenty-three anatomically defined points are used to describe the spatial pelvic geometry in a pelvic-anatomical axis system. A statistical summary of means and standard deviations is presented as X, Y, and Z coordinate value sets to identify each point in three-dimensional space. Full-scale models for each size category were produced for design modeling of anthropomorphic test devices. These data will also be useful as comparative standards for forensic investigations of air crashes and quantitative information on size and shape variability of adult human pelvis.
Non-invasive and unrestrained monitoring of human respiratory system by sensorized environment

This paper describes a living-space-shaped system for non-invasively and unrestrainedly monitoring the human respiratory system and intelligibly reporting its results. This environmental system consists of sensorized furniture: (1) a ceiling dome microphone, (2) a pressure sensor bed, and (3) a washstand display. The ceiling dome microphone consists of a ceiling dome, a lighting fixture, and an omnidirectional microphone. The ceiling dome microphone can detect not only snoring sounds but also normal breathing sounds, i.e., airflow at the mouth and nose. The pressure sensor bed has 210 tactile sensors and can monitor body movement, breath curve and posture. By analyzing the breath curve, the system. can estimate oxygen desaturation frequency. By integrating the above functions, for example, the system can find obstructive apnea, which is a typical apnea such that the patient cannot inhale the air despite of breath effort and that the concentration of the oxygen in blood falls. The washstand display can provide information related to the conditions of the respiratory system in the person's daily life. To prove the effectiveness of the integrated system, experiments are conducted for a patient suffering from breath disorder.
Megaproject Policy and Planning: Problems, Causes, Cures

This paper focuses on problems in megaproject policy and planning and their causes and possible cures. After considerations of methodology, the paper first identifies as a main problem in megaproject development pervasive misinformation about the costs, benefits, and risks involved. A consequence of misinformation is cost overruns, benefit shortfalls, and waste. Second, the paper explores the causes of misinformation and finds that political-economic explanations best account for the available evidence: planners and promoters deliberately misrepresent costs, benefits, and risks in order to increase the likelihood that it is their projects, and not the competition's, that gain approval and funding. This results in the "survival of the unfittest," where often it is not the best projects that are built, but the most misrepresented ones. Finally, the paper presents measures for reforming megaproject policy and planning with a focus on better planning methods and improved governance structures, the latter being more important.