Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gene-gene Interaction of AhR With and Within the Wnt Cascade Affects Susceptibility to Lung Cancer

Introduction: Aberrant Wnt signalling, regulating cell development and stemness, is observed in many cancer entities. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediates tumorigenesis of environmental pollutants. Complex interaction patterns of genes assigned to AhR/Wnt-signalling were recently associated to lung cancer susceptibility. Aim: To assess the association and predictive ability of AhR/Wnt-genes with lung cancer in cases and controls of European descent. Methods: Odds ratios (OR) were estimated for genomic variants assigned to the genes DKK2, DKK3, DKK4, FRZB, SFRP4 and Axin2 and other lung cancer-related genes. Logistic regression models with variable selection were trained, validated and tested to predict lung cancer. Further, decision trees were created to investigate variant x variant interaction. All analyses were performed for overall lung cancer and for subgroups. Results: No association with overall lung cancer was observed, but within the subgroups of ever smokers (e.g. maker rs2722278 SFRP4; OR=1.20; 95%-CI: 1.13-1.27; p=5.6 10-10) and never smokers. Although predictability is poor, AhR/Wnt-variants are unexpected overrepresented in optimized prediction scores for overall lung cancer and for small cell lung cancer. Remarkable, the score for never-smokers contained solely two AhR/Wnt-variants. The optimal decision tree for never smokers consists of 7 AhR/Wnt-variants and only two lung cancer variants, no assigned to any CHRN gene. Conclusions: The role of variants belonging to Wnt/AhR-pathways in lung cancer susceptibility may be underrated in main-effects association analysis. Complex interaction patterns in individuals of European descent have moderate predictive capacity for lung cancer or subgroups thereof, especially in never smokers.
Estimates of (co)variance components and genetic parameters for pre-weaning body weight traits and Kleiber ratio in Sangsari sheep breed

Abstract The current study aimed to estimate (co)variance components and heritability for pre-weaning body weight traits and Kleiber ratio in Sangsari sheep. Data used in this research were collected over 30 years (1986–2016) at the breeding station of Sangsari sheep. Traits considered were birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), pre-weaning daily gain (PWDG), and Kleiber ratio (KR). Genetic parameters were estimated by the average information restricted maximum likelihood (AI-REML) procedure, using six animal models. The most suitable model was selected using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for each trait. Direct heritability estimates for BW, WW, PWDG and KR were 0.30 0.04, 0.20 0.03, 0.15 0.02, and 0.13 0.05, respectively. Maternal heritability estimates varied from 0.06 0.02 for PWDG to 0.12 0.03 for BW. The maternal permanent environmental effects for the traits of KR, WW and PWDG account for about 7%, 9% and 12% of the phenotypic variance. The estimates of the direct genetic ( ) and maternal genetic ( ) correlations among pre-weaning growth traits were positive and ranged from 0.21 (BW-KR) to 0.98 (WW-PWDG) and 0.27 (WW-PWDG) to 0.48 (BW-WW), respectively. Therefore, to have an accurate genetic evaluation, maternal effects need to be considered in any program aimed at improving pre-weaning growth traits. In addition, due to the existence of genetic variation for early growth traits and generally positive and medium to high genetic correlations among them, it can be concluded that in the Sangsari breed of sheep, genetic progress for these traits is possible by selection. HIGHLIGHTS Genetic parameters (direct and maternal heritability) were estimated for the Sangsari breed of sheep. The low to moderate estimate of heritability for pre-weaning body weights and Kleiber ratio indicate that genetic improvement of these traits is possible by selection. Considerable genetic correlations among early body weights, pre-weaning daily weight gain, and Kleiber ratio in Sangsari sheep were estimated.
Uber and employment in the Global South – not-so-decent work

ABSTRACT Due to its global standards and brand recognition, Uber has become an important form of transportation and is now found throughout the world. It has played a role in transforming local mobilities in many cities, particularly those lacking efficient public transportation options. Uber has played a particularly important role in increasing mobilities in places with security concerns, such as South Africa, due to their competitive rates, the accountability of drivers, and their innovative security features. Uber promotes itself as a peer-to-peer platform that connects drivers to riders, calling drivers ‘partners’, and vehemently dismissing any claims that it is an employer. The company advocates the ability of Uber to increase economic upliftment, particularly in the Global South. South Africa has staggering urban un-and-underemployment rates and, therefore, Uber can be seen as a potential tool for job creation or a means of supplementing low and inconsistent wages. A critical analysis of these claims demonstrates the manner in which Uber has emerged as an employment mechanism in South Africa within a ‘decent work’ framework. The findings are based on an analysis of detailed questionnaires distributed to Uber drivers based in South Africa as well as ethnographic research. It also draws on secondary sources, such as driver forums, newspaper articles and the Uber South Africa website. The findings demonstrate the many challenges faced by Uber drivers such as long working hours, low fares, subcontracting of drivers and concerns over driver safety. The paper introduces primary research in the form of driver surveys and questions the discourse propagated by the company as a mechanism for economic upliftment. In particular, the results show that working for Uber, according to these results, should not be considered decent work.
Crystalline Order, Surface Energy Densities and Wulff Shapes: Emergence from Atomistic Models

We investigate particle configurations interacting through a short-range pair-potential. In the limit of large particle number and at low total energy, we establish the emergence of a well-defined macroscopic cluster of constant density, and of an effective surface energy functional arising as a Gamma-limit. The surface functional and the cluster shape arising from minimising particle configurations are determined explicitly in examples of physical interest, including arbitrary 2D configurations and 3D subsets of the face-centred cubic lattice interacting via the Heitmann-Radin potential
Potential Factors Limiting Brown Trout Catches by Anglers - A Case Study

In recent years, the numbers of native brown trout caught by anglers has declined throughout the Czech Republic. In this study, we focus on individual factors potentially related to this negative trend, based primarily on long-term angling catch data (2000-2020) for twenty fishing grounds of the Czech and Moravian angling unions covering twelve upland trout streams. The results indicate that angling pressure, expressed as annual number of attendances, is the most important factor in the decline of trout populations, with drought caused by climate change as a secondary factor. There is a clear need for changes in current fisheries management practice, using new sustainable development scenarios, in order to protect and improve unfavourable conditions for natural brown trout populations.
Diamondiferous kimberlites from recently explored Upper Muna Field (Siberian Craton): petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry insights

Abstract Petrographic, geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of diamond deposits from the Upper Muna field have been investigated. Geochemically, diamondiferous kimberlites from Upper Muna belong to the most widespread Fe–Mg-rich rocks in the Yakutian kimberlite province (average FeOtotal = 8.4 wt%, MgO = 32.36 wt%, TiO2 = 1.6 wt%). Striking mineralogical features of Upper Muna kimberlites are: (1) abundance of monticellite and perovskite in the groundmass; (2) rare occurrence of Mg-ilmenite; (3) abundance of phlogopite megacrysts (up to 8 cm across); and (4) coexistence of low-Cr (0.1–4 wt% Cr2O3, with 0.8–1.2 wt% TiO2) and high-Cr (3–8 wt% Cr2O3, with 0.1–0.6 wt% TiO2) garnet megacrysts with contrasting rare earth element patterns. The compositional features of groundmass minerals, the relatively low CaO and CO2 contents in kimberlites and few deuteric alteration in Upper Muna kimberlites suggest high-temperature melt crystallization during pipe emplacement. Based on the compositional data of garnet and Cr-diopside from megacrysts and peridotites, we suggest a poor Cr dunite–harzburgitic and lherzolitic mantle source beneath the Upper Muna field where Cr-diopside crystallized within a wide pressure and temperature range (40–65 kbar and 900–1350°С). The mineral geochemistry, trace element distribution and Sr–Nd isotope variations of Upper Muna kimberlites are typical for group I kimberlites and reflect a deep-seated asthenospheric (convective mantle) source for the kimberlites.
Analysis of Molecular Configuration and Conformation by (Electronic and) Vibrational Circular Dichroism: Theoretical Calculation and Exciton Chirality Method

The configuration and conformation of a molecule affect its bioactivity, reactivity, physical properties, etc., but the analysis of such stereostructures is often difficult and time-consuming. Having envisioned the usefulness of VCD (vibrational circular dichroism) spectroscopy and theoretical VCD/ECD (electronic circular dichroism) calculations in the field of natural product chemistry, the author has applied these techniques to various natural products and other organic molecules. This account describes the author’s studies on molecular structural analysis by means of VCD/ECD theoretical calculations as well as exciton chirality methods. Advantages and limitations of these techniques are also briefly discussed.
STEM Pathways of Rural and Small-Town Students: Opportunities to Learn, Aspirations, Preparation, and College Enrollment

Using the nationally representative High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 (HSLS:09), this study documents that rural and small-town students were significantly less likely to enroll in postsecondary STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) degree programs, compared with their suburban peers. This study also shows that schools attended by rural and small-town students offered limited access to advanced coursework and extracurricular programs in STEM and had lower STEM teaching capacity. Those opportunities to learn in STEM were linked to the widening geographic gaps in STEM academic preparation. Overall, our findings suggest that during high school rural and small-town students shifted away from STEM fields and that geographic disparities in postsecondary STEM participation were largely explained by students’ demographics and precollege STEM career aspirations and academic preparation.
How fast societies reach consensus over elections?: a methodology to study the evolution of Twitter conversations before election day

Technological developments in media and communications such as press, radio, and television have disrupted electoral processes and reshaped political landscapes. Similarly, the development of surveys enabled the social sciences to study the voting processes and measure consensus in a population prior to democratic elections. Literature on social networks and elections has focused on predicting electoral outcomes rather than understanding how the discussions between users evolve over time. As a result most studies focus on a single election and few comparative studies exist. In this article, a methodology to analyze Twitter conversations about election candidates is proposed. Using DeGroot’s consensus model-an assumption that all users are attempting to persuade others to talk about a candidate-the methodology allows to identify the structure and strength of connections of the mention networks on each month prior to an election day. It also helps to make comparisons between elections and identify patterns on different contexts. In the end, an analysis on the elections where the incumbent was running and the political regime is presented.
Ab Initio Studies of Hydrogen Physisorption on Clear and Li-Doped Carbon Nanotubes

The hydrogen adsorption on internal and external surfaces of clear and Li-doped carbon nanotubes of different radii are investigated to assess the effects of concavity and doping on hydrogen uptake and binding energy. We make density functional calculations with the exchange-correlation functionals PBE and CA. Modeling of H 2 adsorption on clear carbon tubes shows that only in case of internal sorption on narrow (5,5) nanotube energy of adsorption fall within the desirable range of 300–400 meV per H 2 molecule. But in this case hydrogen uptake is too low and constitutes about 1,6 wt %. Doping with Li atom increases the adsorption energy of hydrogen molecule by 30–100 meV and in case of external sorption this energy enlarges several times. Nevertheless, the optimal range of binding energy can be achieved only in case of hydrogen adsorption inside quite narrow (5,5) and (7,7) Li-doped nanotubes.
An efficient privacy‐preserving model based on OMFTSA for query optimization in crowdsourcing

Crowdsourcing is now one of the most important and transformative paradigms, with great success in a variety of application tasks. Crowdsourcing obtains knowledge and information to solve cognitive or intelligence‐intensive tasks from an evolving group of participants via the Internet. Unfortunately, providing a hard privacy guarantee and query optimization is incompatible when a higher task acceptance rate needs to be accomplished and this case is common in most existing crowdsourcing solutions. The state of art systems suffered from different complexities such as lack of crowdsourcing optimization techniques, increased cost, latency, security, and scalability issues. In this paper, we have proposed a crowdsourcing model to optimize the cost and latency, issues that occur while query optimization using the Moth Flame and Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (MF‐TSA). The TSA algorithm is added to the MF algorithm to enhance its exploitation capability and yield fast convergence. The data privacy concerns of the worker and the requestor are addressed using homomorphic encryption that simultaneously enhances the efficiency of the crowdsourcing framework. The main aim of this work is to optimize the cost and latency for query plan selection along with security. Initially, the homomorphic encryption model is used to encrypt the data. In query design, two kinds of crowd‐controlled administrators, that is, Crowd Powered Selection (CSelect) and Crowd Powered Join (CJoin) are connected for assessing query. The proposed framework utilizes MF‐TSA to optimize the selection and join queries with low cost and latency. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate better query optimization performance than other existing algorithms such as sequential, parallel, and CrowdOp.
Preparation of Ti5Si3 by silicothermic reduction of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag

ABSTRACT In the present study, the silicothermic reduction experiments of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag were carried out in argon atmosphere at different temperatures in order to prepare titanium silicide (Ti5Si3). The influences of temperature and reaction time on the reaction process were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. It was found that most of the titanium can be transformed to Ti5Si3 within a short time when the reduction temperature was higher than 1773 K. The produced Ti5Si3 particles were sintered and formed a porous skeleton structure due to its high melting point, with liquid slags filled in it. Meanwhile, it was found that high temperatures and long reaction time were beneficial for the separation of slag from Ti5Si3. This novel method of preparing Ti5Si3 may provide a route to recycle titanium-bearing blast furnace slag.
Identification Of Multifunctional Urban Activity Centers In Tokyo

Identification of urban activity centers is among the most important components of the urban structure study, it is necessary for reasonable planning, regulation of traffic flows and other practical measures. The purpose of this paper is to design a complex method to identify urban activity centers based on different but universal data types. In this study, we used social media data (Twitter) since it guarantees regular updates and does not rely on administrative borders and points of interest database that was considered a 'hard' representation of multifunctional urban activities. A large amount of geotagged tweets was processed by means of statistical modelling (spatial autoregression) and combined with the distribution analysis of points of interest. This allowed to identify the local centers of urban activity within 23 special wards of Tokyo more objectively and precisely than when only based on the social media data. Thereafter, delimitated centers were classified in order to define and describe their main functional and spatial characteristics. As a result of the study, railway transport was identified as the main attraction factor of the urban activity; the modern urban structure of Tokyo was identified and mapped; a new comprehensive method for identification of urban activity centers was developed and five classes of urban activity centers were defined and described.
STREET FOOD VENDORS’ HYGIENE AND SANITATION PRACTICE IN JAKARTA STREET FOOD COURTS (PUJASERA)

Abstract- The existence of food street vendors in Jakarta Indonesia has been regulated by a Governor regulation for its improved management and arrangement in 2015. The food street vendors were unregulated and uncontrollable that disturb other street users, become organized with infrastructure support and empowerment plan from the government. The support structure from the local government is to construct food street courts to give basic facilities required for such business. The evolution from unregulated street vendors to a more organized locus for street vendors was supposed to be supported by empowerment. The study aims to investigate how food street vendors feels in facing the changes of business situation in general. For this purpose, a qualitative method with descriptive approach using observations and in-depth interview with the food street vendors. The findings of the research show that the food street vendors feel more confident in selling their food product whereas they have not implemented hygiene and sanitation as it is supposed to be. Thus, it is recommended to enhance the empowerment plan by looking at closely on the communication media to develop the capacity of the food street vendors. Keywords: Food Hygiene; Micro Business; Street Food; Street Vendor Sanitation
Data analysis and key science results of LHAASO-WCDA

Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing, China School of Physies and Astronomy & School of Physics (Guangzhou), Sun Yat-sen University, 519082 Zhuhai, Guangdong, China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200030 Shanghai, China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China E-mail: zham@ihep.ac. cn
How do servant leadership and self-esteem at work shape family performance in China? A resource gain development perspective

PurposeDrawing on the resource gain development (RGD) perspective, this study is aimed to examine how servant leadership as an environmental resource and general self-esteem as a personal resource influence employees' family performance through work-to-family facilitation (WFF) and explore the moderating effects of gender and Chinese traditionality on the relationship between servant leadership and WFF.Design/methodology/approachTwo-wave data were collected from 369 employees in China. The structural equation model and path analysis were used to analyze the data.FindingsThe results confirm that WFF mediates the effects of servant leadership and employees' general self-esteem on employees' family performance. Gender and Chinese traditionality moderate the relationship between servant leadership and WFF.Originality/valueThis study contributes to existing research by revealing how specific environmental resources (servant leadership) and personal resources (general self-esteem) impact employee family performance through WFF; it also identifies gender and Chinese traditionality as demand characteristics which moderate the effect of environmental resources on WFF.
Lethality of Crude Oil Contamination on Properties of Soil and Growth Parameters of Maize (Zea mays L.).

Crude is unrefined oil found underground [1] that is majorly composed of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, metals, and organic compounds in their variants. These products are of particular concern to studies of pollution due to their none, little, and slow biodegradability potential and serious health implications associated with its release into the environment. Man’s activities connected with crude oil refining have their pecuniary impacts on the locality. Crude mining through exploration and exploitation often leads to oil spillage [2], affecting the ecology [3] hence a chief source of environmental stress [4,5] notably in countries that produce oil such as Nigeria [6].
Changing patterns of apology in spoken British English

This paper presents a local grammar based diachronic investigation of apology in spoken British English, aiming to offer an alternative approach for diachronic speech act analysis and to further explore what the changing patterns of apology would suggest about the social-cultural changes happened and/or happening in the British society. The paper shows that the proposed local grammar approach can contribute to a more delicate and finer-grained speech act annotation scheme, which in turn facilitates a more reliable quantification of speech act realisations across contexts or time. The subsequent investigation shows that apologies in spoken British English are becoming more formulaic and less explicit, which suggests that either social distance has been reduced or that Britain might have become an even more stratified society.
Analyzing the Critical Factors Influencing Post-Use Trust and Its Impact on Citizens’ Continuous-Use Intention of E-Government: Evidence from Chinese Municipalities

Whereas the pivotal role of trust in the adoption of e-government was highlighted in prior research, attention was rarely paid thus far to investigate the role of post-use trust and its impact on citizens’ continuous-use intention of e-government. This study develops a comprehensive model, which consists of antecedents of post-use trust, perceived usefulness, satisfaction, and citizens’ continuous-use intention of e-government, to explain how interactional, government, and environmental factors influence citizens’ post-use trust as well as how post-use trust influences citizens’ continuous-use intention. Using data collected from a survey of 1867 citizen users living in one direct-controlled municipality and four high-population cities in China, this study tests the proposed concept model using structural equation modeling. The results show that trust in government, trust in the internet, service quality, and information quality have positive effects on citizens’ post-use trust. Factors that do not determine a user’s post-use trust are the perception of privacy and security, as well as system quality. Another finding is that citizens’ post-use trust does not directly influence their continuous intention to use e-government. Post-use trust will impact continuous-use intention through whether or not citizens find using e-government useful and satisfying.