Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial rainfall variability and runoff response during an extreme event in a semi-arid catchment in the South Pare Mountains, Tanzania

OA fund TU Delft This paper describes an extreme flood event that occurred in the South Pare Mountains in northern Tanzania. A high spatial and temporal resolution data set has been gathered in a previously ungauged catchment. This data was analysed using a multi-method approach, to gather information about the processes that generated the flood event. On 1 March 2006, extreme rainfall occurred in the Makanya catchment, (300 km2), where up to 100 mm were recorded in Bangalala village in only 3 h. The flood was devastating, inundating large parts of the flood plain. The spatial variability of the rainfall during the event was very large, even in areas with the same altitude. The Vudee sub-catchment (25.8 km2) was in the centre of the rainfall event, receiving about 75 mm in 3 h divided over the two upstream tributaries: the Upper-Vudee and Ndolwa. The peak flow at the weir site has been determined using the slope-area method and gradually varied flow calculations, indicating a peak discharge of 32 m3 s? 1. Rise and fall of the flood was very sharp, with the peak flow occurring just one hour after the peak of the rainfall. The flow receded to 1% of the maximum flow within 24 h. Hydrograph separation using hydrochemical parameters indicates that at the floodpeak 50% of the flow was generated by direct surface runoff (also indicated by the large amount of sediments in the samples), whereas the recession originated from displaced groundwater (>90%). The subsequent base flow in the river remained at 75 l s? 1 for the rest of the season, which is substantially higher than the normal base flow observed during the previous rainy seasons (15 l s? 1) indicating significant groundwater recharge during this extreme event.
Design optimization of cruciform specimens for biaxial fatigue loading

In order to correctly assess the biaxial fatigue material properties one must experimentally test different load conditions and stress levels. With the rise of new in-plane biaxial fatigue testing machines, using smaller and more efficient electrical motors, instead of the conventional hydraulic machines, it is necessary to reduce the specimen size and to ensure that the specimen geometry is appropriated for the load capacity installed. At the present time there are no standard specimen's geometries and the indications on literature how to design an efficient test specimen are insufficient. The main goal of this paper is to present the methodology on how to obtain an optimal cruciform specimen geometry, with thickness reduction in the gauge area, appropriated for fatigue crack initiation, as a function of the base material sheet thickness used to build the specimen. The geometry is optimized for maximum stress using several parameters, ensuring that in the gauge area the stress is uniform and maximum with two limit phase shift loading conditions. Therefore the fatigue damage will always initiate on the center of the specimen, avoiding failure outside this region. Using the Renard Series of preferred numbers for the base material sheet thickness as a reference, the reaming geometry parameters are optimized using a derivative-free methodology, called direct multi search (DMS) method. The final optimal geometry as a function of the base material sheet thickness is proposed, as a guide line for cruciform specimens design, and as a possible contribution for a future standard on in-plane biaxial fatigue tests.
Pollination Studies in Hass Avocado in Relation to the Small Fruit Problem

This season's results of semi-in vivo pollination experiments confirm findings of last year that Ettinger is an excellent pollen donor for Hass and Ettinger pollen outperformed Hass pollen on Hass pistils. Fresh Ettinger pollen still germinated on Hass stigmas aged for 24 hours, but pollen tubes did not reach the ovary. Aged Ettinger pollen performed poorly compared to fresh pollen. Caged Hass + Ettinger trees with bees gave higher fruit retention than caged Hass + Hass trees with bees. The above-mentioned results confirm findings by different authors that avocado is a natural out breeder and pollen donors should be provided for assuring better fruit set and fruit retention.
An Examination on the Impact of Internal and External Environment Strategies Oncorporate Branding

Especially after the Second World War, Strategic management approach has emerged as an important tool to keep the organizations ahead in the competitive environment.Strategic planningcovers all the process thathelps us to identify where the institution want to be in the future and how to carry the institution into that desired future by calculating the corporate resources, the organizations’ internal and external potentials. It also contributes to the success of the institution in accordance with the adoption rate within the organization’s internal staff. In this context, the branding of the institution as a component of strategic management and the good understanding of the brand identity by the internal staff are the important indicators in terms of organizational development.This study aims to investigate AFAD employees' perceptions of the Internal and External Environment Strategy andthese perceptions effect on corporate branding perception. The research was conducted with quantitative research design and the research group was composed of 234AFAD employees in total; 189 male participants (%80, 8) and 45 female participants (%19, 2). With this study, it is found out that there is a correlation between the sub-dimensions of internal and external strategies and the institutional branding, and it also reveals that the organization’s internal and external environment strategies help to predict the institutional branding perception of the internal staff to a considerable extent.
Wavelet Based Damage Detection Approach for Bridge Structures Utilising Vehicle Vibration

This paper investigates a wavelet-based damage detection approach for bridge structures. By analysing the continuous wavelet transform of the vehicle response, the approach aims to identify changes in the bridge response which may indicate the existence of damage. A numerical vehicle-bridge interaction model is used in simulations as part of a sensitivity study. Furthermore, a laboratory experiment is carried out to investigate the effects of varying vehicle configuration, speed and bridge damping on the ability of the vehicle to detect changes in the bridge response. The accelerations of the vehicle and bridge are processed using a continuous wavelet transform, allowing time-frequency analysis to be carried out on the responses of the laboratory vehicle-bridge interaction system. Results indicate the most favourable conditions for successful implementation of the approach.
Bounding the Practical Error of Path Loss Models

We seek to provide practical lower bounds on the prediction accuracy of path loss models. We describe and implement 30 propagation models of varying popularity that have been proposed over the last 70 years. Our analysis is performed using a large corpus of measurements collected on production networks operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM, 5.8 GHz UNII, and 900 MHz ISM bands in a diverse set of rural and urban environments. We find that the landscape of path loss models is precarious: typical best-case performance accuracy of these models is on the order of 12–15 dB root mean square error (RMSE) and in practice it can be much worse. Models that can be tuned with measurements and explicit data fitting approaches enable a reduction in RMSE to 8-9 dB. These bounds on modeling error appear to be relatively constant, even in differing environments and at differing frequencies. Based on our findings, we recommend the use of a few well-accepted and well-performing standard models in scenarios where a priori predictions are needed and argue for the use of well-validated, measurement-driven methods whenever possible.
THE ASSOCIATIONS OF THE ŜERÉNTE

H E Ser6nte of the Rio Tocantins are of the Akwi branch of the T Central G&, which further includes the SakriabL, extinct since the beginning of the nineteenth century, and the Savbnte. The Savjnte and Serente, while politically distinct, are essentially identical in language and custom, so that as late as about 1850 they were still frequently designated by the joint name “SavLnte. ” However, their local separation was a t that time a well recognized fact, accentuated by the recurring feuds between these closely related groups. Several efforts a t consolidation failed and became hopeless when about the middle of the century the Savinte abandoned the country east of the Araguaya, even discontinuing raids in that direction. Notwithstanding a greater sense of tribal solidarity than is customary among Brazilian natives, each SerCnte village is a virtually autonomous unit with its own council of elders, chiefs, peacemakers, and associational leaders. The houses are ranged peripherally in horseshoe shape, with the Siptat6 moiety on the south and the sdakr5 moiety on the north. The bachelors’ hut occupies the center of the settlement, and each of the five associations, including the women’s, assembles a t a definite spot within the horseshoe. Contrary to Canella practice: the exogamic moieties are patrilineal and divided into clans, each localized on the periphery; and residence is patrilocal. Without tracing their descent from the celestial bodies, the Siptat6 and sdakr5 are connected with sun and moon, respectivcdy. In consequence the former chant during solar eclipses, being merely accompanied by the complementary group, while a t lunar eclipses the parts are reversed. The sun reveals himself to his moiety through planetary go-betweens, viz. Jupiter and Venus; the intermediaries between the moon and his half of the village are Mars and the Seven Stars. The solar planets grant visions in the daytime, the lunar stars a t night.
Structural Composites Hybridized with Nanofillers: An Overview

Structural composites find extensive applications in virtually every sector of engineering due to several advantages associated with them such as high specific strength and stiffness, tailorability, corrosion resistance etc. Their hybridization with nanofillers for further enhancement of properties is comparatively a recent enterprise. This review surveys the recent research efforts in the field of hybridization of structural composite materials with nanofillers.
Literacia Financeira entre os Estudantes do Ensino Superior: Uma Evidência Empírica para o Caso Português. Financial Literacy Among the Higher Education Students: Empirical Evidence for the Portuguese Case.

Financial literacy is a topic that has lately gained acuity, mainly in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. This work is committed with two main goals: to measure the level of financial literacy of the Portuguese students attending higher education programs; and to clarify the issues that may explain the level of financial literacy previously obtained. Concerning methodology, a questionnaire was sent to the national higher education institutions. The questions were drawn to establish the profile, the financial experience and the financial knowledge of the respondents. In this study, 550 answers were received, which highlighted a «Good» level of financial literacy within the sample. Age and the level of household income of the respondents are positively correlated with the financial literacy of respondents. It was also observed that individuals attending programs in business sciences tend to reveal a higher level of financial literacy, as well as do the women in the sample. The latter result is not in line with the current understanding widespread in the literature.
CENTERING IN MULTILEVEL MODELS

This is an entry for The Encyclopedia of Statistics in Be- havioral Science, to be published by Wiley in 2005. Consider the situation in which we have m groups of individuals, where group j has n j members. We consider a general multilevel model, i.e. a random coefficient model for each group of the form
Two-Graph Stamps for Linear Controlled Sources

The simple process of formulation the state equations for RLCEI-gm networks without CE-Ioops and LI-cutsets, makes the method very attractive for symbolic analysis. The only serious drawback of this method is its inability to include directly controlled sources other than the voltage-controlled current sources (VCCS). In this paper we introduce two-graph stamps to overcome this difficulty and allow formulation of the state equations of linear and nonlinear networks with CE-Ioops and LI-cutsets in the same manner as for linear RLCEI networks.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SPHAGNETICOLA TRILOBATA (L.) PRUSKI, AGAINST SOME HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND FUNGI

The side effect and quick microbial adaptation to resist synthetic antibiotic has compelled researcher to find out compound from natural sources are free from side effect and resistancy. In this connection the present study has been carried out for assessment of antimicrobial activities of methanolic and aqueous extracts of leaf, stem, root and flower of Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, against bacteria namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 7296), Staphylococcus aureus, (MTCC- 7443), Salmonella typhi (MTCC- 733), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTCC-300) and fungal organisms namely Microsporum canis (MTCC –2820), Epidermophyton floccossum (MTCC-613), Trichophyton rubrum (MTCC-296) and Aspergillus candidus (MTCC-1989). The zone of inhibition (ZOI) for the methanolic extract of leaf of S. trilobata was found 8.99±0.46mm, 16.92 ±0.58mm and 12.93±0.28mm against S. aureus, S. typhi and P. aeruginosa respectively. The ZOI for The methanolic extract of flower was found 23.79±0.27mm, 19.66 ±0.94 mm and 23.60±0.92mm against S. aureus, S. typhi and P. aeruginosa respectively. Besides, the ZOI for methanolic extract of both root and stem was found 09.19±0.34 and 08.66±0.43mm against S. aureus only. The highest zone of inhibition (23.79mm) was found in the methanolic extract of flower against S. aureus. The ZOI for methanolic and aqueous extract of leaf and methanolic extract of root was found 17.73± 0.46mm, 15.66±0.63mm and 16.19±0.33mm respectively against Epidermophyton floccossum. The ZOI for methanolic extract of leaf was found17.33±0.34mm against Trichophyton rubrum while the ZOI for aqueous extract of leaf was found 13.73±0.49 mm against Microsporum canis. The highest zone of inhibition (17.73mm) was found in the methanolic extract of leaf against Epidermophyton floccossum. Above findings may be exploited for application against respective pathogenic microorganism and modern drug formulation.
Large-scale variability in recruitment of the barnacle Semibalanus cariosus: its cause and effects on the population density and predator

In marine habitats, regional hydrodynamics often cause large-scale recruitment vari- ability of larvae. However, their resultant effects on the population and associated assemblage are poorly understood. This study was performed to examine recruitment variability of the intertidal bar- nacle Semibalanus cariosus at 15 sites along 90 km of shoreline on the Kameda Peninsula, Japan, during a 5 yr period. The cause of recruitment variability and its effects on population abundance of S. cariosus and the size and abundance of its predator, the whelk Nucella freycineti, were evaluated. Spatiotemporal variability in recruitment of S. cariosus along the Kameda Peninsula had a large tem- poral fluctuation with a relatively consistent spatial pattern that was likely to be determined by coastal currents, which are in turn determined by wind patterns. The resultant recruitment variabil- ity affected the population and associated assemblage at 2 spatial scales. At the local scale, i.e. within a port, barnacle recruitment variability controlled its population dynamics. At the regional scale, i.e. along tens of kilometers of coastline, the recruitment variability of the barnacle caused geographic variations in its population size and both the body size and the abundance of N. freycineti. These results suggest that regional oceanic current systems strongly affect the benthic assemblage at both local and regional scales by mediation of large-scale spatiotemporal variability in the recruitment of larvae.
Comment on "Polynomial cointegration tests of anthropogenic impact on global warming" by Beenstock et al. (2012) - some hazards in econometric modelling of climate change

Abstract. We outline six important hazards that can be encountered in econometric modelling of time-series data, and apply that analysis to demonstrate errors in the empirical modelling of climate data in Beenstock et al. (2012). We show that the claim made in Beenstock et al. (2012) as to the different degrees of integrability of CO2 and temperature is incorrect. In particular, the level of integration is not constant and not intrinsic to the process. Further, we illustrate that the measure of anthropogenic forcing in Beenstock et al. (2012), a constructed "anthropogenic anomaly", is not appropriate regardless of the time-series properties of the data.
HOW TO FACE CURRENT AND FUTURE CHALLENGES?

This work analysed whether the three factors of forgivingness observed in adults – lasting resentment, sensitivity to circumstances, and unconditional forgiveness – were also present in older people. In addition, it examined whether gratitude accounted for a significant portion of the variance of dispositional forgiveness beyond that of socio-demographic variables. The sample comprised one hundred and nine old people (65 women and 44 men, mean age = 70.3 years). The same three-factor structure that emerged in adults was also evidenced in older people. The expectation of (a) a negative correlation between lasting resentment, and gratitude, and (b) a positive correlation between unconditional forgiveness and gratitude was supported. Furthermore, results showed that gratitude explained a significant amount of variance of lasting resentment, and unconditional forgiveness.
Research on the Differences of Apparel Brand Value Perception of the Intellectual 80’s Women: A Case Study of Hangzhou

With the hot competition in apparel market, improving customer value has become a key measure for garment enterprises to win. As for the trend of diversification of apparel market demand, this article examines brand value from the perspective of consumers, and investigates attitude of the intellectual 80’s women in Hangzhou. Then the results show that the intellectual 80’s women are rational in apparel brand consumption. They pay attention to the functionality of garments, the symbolism of brand, the fashion and culture taste, the consumption experience. And according to the results of the partial correlation analysis and T-test, this paper finds that due to the difference of sample characteristics, there are significant differences in the dimensions perceived value.
A Novel Sparse Autoencoder for Modeling High-dimensional Sensory Data

Sparse autoencoders are used to extract important features that can be used in classification or regression applications. In this paper we present a novel sparse autoencoder for modeling high-dimensional sensory data that allows the user to set the sparsity level and can be used for both off-line or on-line learning applications. The encoder starts by generating random basis functions and adjusts the parameters of the basis functions as data arrives for training. After training a sensory data can be represented by a linear combination of a few number of basis functions. Unlike otherautoencoders our sparse encoder does not require special preprocessing of the sensory data. Potential applications of the autoencoder among others include the realization of advanced feature detectors and signal processing methods. We evaluated the performance of the method on standard image data from the literature and found that our autoencoder gives results comparable to the results reported in the literature.
Towards Zulu corpus clean-up, lexicon development and corpus annotation by means of computational morphological analysis

This article reports on a practical, semi-automated procedure towards creating a clean, morphologically annotated Zulu corpus of tractable size that could eventually serve both as a gold standard for Zulu computational morphology and as basis for further linguistic annotation. A corpus development architecture is proposed which includes the corpus in various stages of development, a pre-processing module, the Zulu morphological analyser and its guesser variant, the machine-readable lexicon that serves as comprehensive lexical database for Zulu, and a human elicitation function for ensuring the integrity of the lexical database. The approach is novel in the sense that an existing rule-based, finitestate Zulu computational morphological analyser is used as a core technology in this procedure to facilitate the complex, agglutinative nature of Zulu morphology. The corpus, at present consisting of the Zulu version of the South African Constitution, will have morphological analysis and tagging as a first level of annotation.
Tracing Curiosity with a Value Perspective

Several have challenged the idea that educating is a neutral endeavour. Following this line of thought, this article intends to examine a common concept often taken for granted: curiosity. The aim of the article is to show how curiosity is constructed as a value-loaded notion by tracing its understandings in an early-childhood-education-and-care (ECEC) context from a value perspective. Four official ECEC documents from different organisational levels will be analysed. Informed by qualitative content analysis with a concept-driven strategy, the document analysis seeks to establish connections between the notion of curiosity and prominent value fields in ECEC, such as competence, democracy and care. The analysis of the documents suggests that curiosity often has competence-related value and is frequently understood as a tool for gaining knowledge, especially in natural science and mathematics. Other value aspects, such as supporting democracy, are represented but seem to play a minor part. This suggests that the documents mainly reveal curiosity’s instrumental worth based on the various associated values. At the same time, they neither include possible ethical aspects such as connections to interpersonal caring, nor curiosity’s possible downsides, nor do they mention any existential or intrinsic value. (Published, 21 September, 2017) Citation: Soern F. Menning. “Tracing Curiosity with a Value Perspective. ” Nordisk tidsskrift for pedagogikk og kritikk, Vol. 3, 2017, pp. 1–16. http://dx.doi. org/10.23865/ntpk.v3. 531
Tree-ring δ 13C tracks flux tower ecosystem productivity estimates in a NE temperate forest

We investigated relationships between tree-ring δ13C and growth, and flux tower estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP) at Harvard Forest from 1992 to 2010. Seasonal variations of derived photosynthetic isotope discrimination (Δ13C) and leaf intercellular CO2 concentration (c i ) showed significant increasing trends for the dominant deciduous and coniferous species. Δ13C was positively correlated to growing-season GPP and is primarily controlled by precipitation and soil moisture indicating that site conditions maintained high stomatal conductance under increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. Increasing Δ13C over the 1992–2010 period is attributed to increasing annual and summer water availability identified at Harvard Forest and across the region. Higher Δ13C is coincident with an enhancement in growth and ecosystem-level net carbon uptake. This work suggests that tree-ring δ13C could serve as a measure of forest GPP and be used to improve the calibration and predictive skill of ecosystem and carbon cycle models.