Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acquiring Knowledge over the Economist’s Lifetime

In this paper the reading behaviour of economists is examined to see whether particular typesof knowledge - basic and applied - imply different investment patterns. As it turns out, thereading intensity of advanced theoretical and empirical literature declines with three to fourpercent per year of experience, although researchers and economists with a mathematicalbackground start with a higher initial stock of knowledge of this type of literature. Businessand government economists concentrate on applied literature and news magazines; a type ofliterature which is not frequently read by mathematical economists. However, themathematical economists catch up with their non-mathematical colleagues in 12 to 15 yearstime. Furthermore, the introduction of graduate schools in Dutch academia has not broughtabout a fundamental change in reading habits. The biggest factor in explaining the divergencein reading behaviour among economists remains the mathematical, c.q. econometricsbackground in undergraduate training.
Impact of Internet on Social Connections in Family System: A SurveyStudy of Residents in Lahore

This study explores the “Impact of internet on the social capital and relations” through survey using questionnaire as a tool of data collection. Finding of the study revealed that 40% respondents reported that it results in less emotional bonding among real life relations because people concentrate more on virtual ties. 40% respondents said that due to internet usage their reliance on electronic medium increases. 73% respondents agree that they use the internet to know new people, as it helps the users to increase their online social capital. Among respondents 59% people agree that they use the internet to renew online contacts with old friends. Whereas only 25% respondents strongly agree they use the internet to intensify online contacts with their relatives. It targeted 440 respondents and got response from 400 (200 male, 200 female) having demographic characteristics like, age, gender, education and income of respondents. For age the researcher has selected youth (20-25 y) and middle aged (30-40 y) sample is selected, for status, students and professionals/teachers sample is selected, for gender, the researcher has selected female and male, and for income, low, middle and high income sample has been selected and lastly for education, both IT educated and Non- IT educated sample has been selected. The key variables of hypothesis were” Impact of internet on relations with social capital, Impact of internet on the face to face communication, Impact of internet on virtual ties”. For this study, impact of internet has been operationalized into several dependent and independent variables.
Definitions of War Violence and Reconciliation in Narratives of Survivors from the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Previous research on violence during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina have emphasized the importance of narratives without focusing on narratives mentioning war violence, but they have not analyzed stories on war violence that were the product of interpersonal interaction and meaningmaking activity. The aim of this study is to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing the narratives of survivors of the war in northwestern Bosnia in the 1990s. The focus lies on analyzing interviewees’ description of war-time violence and also analyzing discursive patterns that contribute in constructing the phenomenon “war violence”. Analysis shows that the interpersonal interactions that caused the violence continue even after the violent situation is over. Recollections from perpetrators and those subjected to violence of the war do not exist only as verbal constructions in Bosnia of today. Stories about violent situations live their own lives after the war and continue being important to individuals and social life. Individuals who were expelled from northwestern Bosnia during the war in the 1990s are, in a legal sense, in a recognized violence-afflicted victim category. Several perpetrators were sentenced by the Hague Tribunal and the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina on War Crime. The crimes committed in northwestern Bosnia are qualified as genocide according to indictments against former Serbian leaders Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić. All interviewees in this study experienced and survived the war in northwestern Bosnia. These individuals have a present, ongoing relation with these communities: Some live there permanently, and some spend their summers in northwestern Bosnia. Institutions in the administrative entity Republika Srpska (to which northwestern Bosnia now belong administratively) deny genocide, and this approach to war-time events becomes a central theme in future, post-war analysis of the phenomena “war violence”, and “reconciliation”. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the political elite’s denial of the systematic acts of violence during the war that have been conveyed by the Hague Tribunal, the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina on War Crime, and Bosnian media. The narratives in my empirical material seem to be influenced by (or coherent with) the rhetoric mediated in these forums. When informants emphasize extermination and the systematization of violence during the war, they produce and reproduce the image of a mutual struggle on a collective level. The aim of this struggle seems to be that the described acts of violence be recognized as genocide. ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER Associate Professor Danijela Frangež University of Maribor, Republic of Slovenia (EU) DETECTION OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE
Testing Graphical User Interfaces

In recent years, an emerging trend in software products has been toward the use of graphical user interfaces (GUIs). More user-friendly than traditional, text-based interfaces, GUIs serve as the front-end for a large portion of today’s software applications. Technologies like Ajax are helping to spread familiar GUI interaction styles to Web applications. With the rise of ubiquitous computing, users are interacting with GUIs in a widening range of situations—not just with their PCs, but with their dishwashers and cars. Critical applications, such as banking systems, are moving to GUIs as well. Thus, quality assurance for GUI-based software is growing more important every day. With GUIs, users enjoy many degrees of freedom in the way they interact with the software. While this benefits users, it challenges testers. Because users may interact with a GUI in a variety of unexpected ways, it is difficult to insure that the software meets its functional requirements (correctness) and non-functional requirements (e.g., usability) for all possible interactions. The difficulties are compounded by the frequent intersection of GUIs with other emerging technologies, including component-based and service-oriented architectures. New trends in software development, such as rapid development cycles, globally distributed developers, and open-source projects, make the quality assurance process ever more challenging. This chapter describes the state of the art in testing GUI-based software. Traditionally, GUI testing has been performed manually or semimanually, with the aid of capture-replay tools. Since this process may be too slow and ineffective to meet the demands of today’s developers and users, recent research in GUI testing has pushed toward automation. Model-based approaches are being used to generate and execute test cases, implement test oracles, and perform regression testing of GUIs automatically. This chapter shows how research to date has addressed the difficulties of testing GUIs in today’s rapidly evolving technological world, and it points to the many challenges that lie ahead. BACKGROUND
Fouling in membrane bioreactors: effect of cake buildup and compression

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Impact of co-creation on innovation capability and firm performance: a structural equation modeling

espanolLas empresas tradicionales solian disenar productos, evaluar mensajes de mercadeo y controlar los canales de distribucion de producto sin una interfaz del cliente. Con los avances en las tecnologias de la interaccion, sin embargo, los usuarios pueden facilmente tener un impacto sobre las empresas: la interaccion entre los clientes y las empresas se encuentra en este momento en su punto maximo en comparacion con el pasado y ya no es controlada por las empresas. Los clientes estan desempenando dos roles actualmente: creadores de valor y clientes, al mismo tiempo. A diferencia de los clientes tradicionales, que no tienen ningun rol en la innovacion de los productos o los servicios, los clientes de hoy han alcanzado una posicion de influencia que les permite ser innovadores y co-creadores. En otras palabras, ya no son solamente compradores, usuarios o defensores leales de un producto. Examinamos el rol de la co-creacion sobre las influencias de la capacidad de innovacion y desempeno de la empresa. Desarrollamos hipotesis para evaluarlas utilizando datos de la encuesta de los investigadores. Los resultados sugieren que implementar la co-creacion logra mediar parcialmente el efecto de la capacidad de innovacion. Discutimos las implicaciones de estos hallazgos para la investigacion y la practica e implementamos un modelo de co-creacion de valor unico. EnglishTraditional firms used to design products, evaluate marketing messages and control product distribution channels with no costumer interface. With the advancements in interaction technologies, however, users can easily make impacts on firms; the interaction between costumers and firms is now in peak condition in comparison to the past and is no longer controlled by firms. Customers are playing two roles of value creators and consumers simultaneously. We examine the role of co-creation on the influences of innovation capability and firm performance. We develop hypotheses and test them using researcher survey data. The results suggest that implement of co-creation partially mediate the effect of process innovation capability. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice on the depict and implement of unique value co-creation model.
Organizational identities and the hazard of change

We examine how the life chances and financial performance of nascent high-technology firms were affected by two kinds of organizational changes: altering founders' blueprints for the employment relation and replacing a founder--chief executive officer (CEO) by an outsider. We argue that both events destabilize organizations but that changes in employment blueprints are tied more tightly to the organization's identity and thus are more destabilizing. We analyze three dimensions of organizational performance among a sample of young high-technology companies in California's Silicon Valley: survival versus failure, launching an initial public offering (IPO), and changes in financial valuations among organizations that underwent an IPO. As predicted, changing the employment blueprint increased the hazard of failure and diminished growth in market value. Appointing an outsider as CEO did not affect the hazard of failure appreciably but did depress the rate of growth in market capitalization. The implications of these results for ecological and institutional perspectives on organizations are discussed. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.
Financial Characteristics of High Performance Companies in Turkey: A Comparative Analysis of Stable Economy in the Financial Crisis Era

Previous research studied characteristics of high performance companies (HPCs) in mature economies (United States, Europe, and Australia) and in an Asian emerging economy (India). This study of HPCs in the developing economy investigates Turkish companies that are listed in the Istanbul Stock Exchange and companies that display specific characteristics of HPCs—sustained and superior cash flow returns, growth rates, and total shareholder returns. We test the hypothesis that there will be no significant difference between the financial performance drivers and measures from before the financial crisis era (2005–2007) and those of after the financial crisis (2008–2009). We identified 41 companies that met the criteria of HPCs over the 2005–2009 time period. When comparing HPCs with ISE ordinary companies, both in the pre-financial crisis period (2005–2007) and the post-financial crisis period 2008–2009, Turkish HPCs were shown to maintain superior asset management and performance profitability, lower financial risk, and stronger cash flow returns compared to the benchmark group over economic periods of rapid growth and stable market conditions and the periods of economic decline and uncertainty. The results provide direction for the management of companies that aspire to HPC status and to maintain HPC status, especially during periods of financial crisis. We identify five operating objectives that are important for maintaining high performance during periods of financial crisis.
Service Regulation and Growth: Evidence from OECD Countries

We study the effects of anti-competitive service regulation by examining whether OECD countries with less anti-competitive regulation see a better economic performance of manufacturing industries using less-regulated services more intensively. Our results indicate that lower service regulation translates into faster value added, productivity, and export growth of downstream service-intensive industries. The negative growth-effect of anti-competitive regulation is particularly relevant in the case of professional services and energy provision. Our estimates prove robust to accounting for alternative forms of regulation (such as product and labor market regulation), for the degree of financial development and also to a number of other specification checks.
The prevalence and risk factors of orthorexia nervosa among school-age youth of Pomeranian and Warmian-Masurian voivodeships.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among school-age youth from Pomeranian and Warmian-Masurian voivodeships, as well as search for factors which enhance the risk of orthorexia nervosa. An attempt was made to find differences in occurrence of orthorexia nervosa among youth from big cities and small towns. METHODS The study group consisted of 864 subjects (599 females and 265 males). The mean age of female participants was 20.21+/-3.27 years, and of male participants - 18.93+/-3.67 years. In the study, we used a proprietary questionnaire to collect patient data, as well as following diagnostic questionnaires: ORTO-15 by Donini et al. (Polish version validated by Stochel, Janas-Kozik et al.), EAT-26 by Garner and Garfinkel, MOCI (Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory) by Hodgson and Rachman, and BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory II) by Beck. The results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS 27% of subjects were found to be at risk of orthorexia nervosa (score of 35 was consideredas cut-off point). The highest score of risk was observed in the group of students of junior secondary school, the lowest in the group of students of senior secondary school. There were no statistically significant differences in the risk of orthorexia in groups from big city and small town. Studied social factors did not show impact on the risk of orthorexia. Individuals with suspected orthorexia have notably higher BMI. There were no statistically significant differences in occurrence and severity of depression in the study group. Depression occurred in 25% of the subjects;the link between depression and orthorexia was not confirmed. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the study, it was indicated that the group of the highest risk are students of junior secondary school, probably because of the great interest in physical attractiveness in this period of life, as well as individuals with higher BMI. We believe that for more effective diagnosis it would be advisable to adopt a cut-off point for orthorexia in the ORTO-15 at the level of 35 points, as postulated by Stochel, Janas-Kozik et al. The 40-point threshold is associated with considerable overdiagnosis of the phenomenon.
Petri net-based modeling and VHDL implementation of digital systems

Petri net-based digital systems modeling and hardware implementation method is well-studied. However, the existing methods are mainly applied to synchronous circuits. In this paper, a new approach is proposed for the modeling and VHDL implementation of digital systems based on an extended class of Petri nets. The generalized synchronous self-modifying net (GSSN) is defined to describe digital systems. Based on a new kind of D flip-flop, known as multi-input & multi-clock D flipflop, the specific conversion algorithm from Petri nets models to VHDL codes is presented. A design example is given to illustrate the capabilities of the proposed approach. The approach presented in the paper is suitable for both asynchronous systems and synchronous systems. Keywords—Petri net; modeling; digital system; VHDL
Climate and chemistry effects of a regional scale nuclear conflict

Previous studies have highlighted the severity of detrimental effects for life on earth after an assumed regionally limited nuclear war. These effects are caused by climatic, chemical and radiative changes persisting for up to one decade. However, so far only a very limited number of climate model simulations have been performed, giving rise to the question how realistic previous computations have been. This study uses the coupled chemistry climate model (CCM) SOCOL, which belongs to a different family of CCMs than previously used, to investigate the consequences of such a hypothetical nuclear conflict. In accordance with previous studies, the present work assumes a scenario of a nuclear conflict between India and Pakistan, each applying 50 warheads with an individual blasting power of 15 kt ("Hiroshima size") against the major population centers, resulting in the emission of tiny soot particles, which are generated in the firestorms expected in the aftermath of the detonations. Substantial uncertainties related to the calculation of likely soot emissions, particularly concerning assumptions of target fuel loading and targeting of weapons, have been addressed by simulating several scenarios, with soot emissions ranging from 1 to 12 Tg. Their high absorptivity with respect to solar radiation leads to a rapid self-lofting of the soot particles into the strato- and mesosphere within a few days after emission, where they remain for several years. Consequently, the model suggests earth's surface temperatures to drop by several degrees Celsius due to the shielding of solar irradiance by the soot, indicating a major global cooling. In addition, there is a substantial reduction of precipitation lasting 5 to 10 yr after the conflict, depending on the magnitude of the initial soot release. Extreme cold spells associated with an increase in sea ice formation are found during Northern Hemisphere winter, which expose the continental land masses of North America and Eurasia to a cooling of several degrees. In the stratosphere, the strong heating leads to an acceleration of catalytic ozone loss and, consequently, to enhancements of UV radiation at the ground. In contrast to surface temperature and precipitation changes, which show a linear dependence to the soot burden, there is a saturation effect with respect to stratospheric ozone chemistry. Soot emissions of 5 Tg lead to an ozone column reduction of almost 50% in northern high latitudes, while emitting 12 Tg only increases ozone loss by a further 10%. In summary, this study, though using a different chemistry climate model, corroborates the previous investigations with respect to the atmospheric impacts. In addition to these persistent effects, the present study draws attention to episodically cold phases, which would likely add to the severity of human harm worldwide. The best insurance against such a catastrophic development would be the delegitimization of nuclear weapons.
Interdependence of the Stock Markets, Pre and Post Asian Crisis and Economic Recession : How is the Sri Lankan Stock Exchange Affected?

The objective of this article is to determine whether world stock markets move together or differently under conditions of current economic recession by studying the interdependence among the price indices of six countries (USA, Germany, UK, Japan, Singapore and Sri Lanka). The study covers the most recent period 1990-2010 using daily index data. We employed Vector Autoregressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to identify co-integration and causal link between the price indices. The results imply that under the context of globalization, the stock markets are enhanced their interrelations after the recent economic recession. Especially an emerging market of Sri Lanka is affected by almost all developed markets during the post-economic recession. Possible reasons include this recent trend in Sri Lanka are having overcome some of the bottlenecks for investment in Sri Lanka ; inclusive of political instability, monetary and fiscal disciplines last decades ; foreigners have revert their attention to Sri Lanka’s equity market. The other observed factor is increasing liquidity in Sri Lankan market after the civil conflict in the country. Meanwhile, the leading role of the US market in the world stock market is clearly visible throughout all causality tests and in all time periods.
Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings

We present a project that aggregates various existing robotic software and serves as a platform to conveniently control a quadrocopter, mainly for research or educational purposes. User interface runs in a browser and other components are also made with portability in mind. We provide a common interface that unifies different quadrocopter models and we implemented it for the Parrot AR.Drone 2.0. The platform is data oriented, i.e., it is based on dataflow between user objects. We implemented several such objects for: data recording and replaying, inertial and visual localization and following a given path.
THE N A T U R E OF INTERLAYERING IN MIXED-LAYER ILLITE-MONTMORILLONITES

The nature of interstratification in mixed-layer illite-montmorillonites has been investigated by comparison of diffraction patterns of ethylene glycol and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether treated samples with calculated one-dimensional diffraction profiles. The calculated profiles take into account the effects of particle size distribution, chemical composition, and convolution factors as well as proportions of layers and interstratification type. On the basis of detailed matching of diffraction patterns of monomineralic illite-montmorillonites of known chemical composition it is concluded that there are three types of interstratification: (l) random, (2) allevardite-like ordering, and (3) superlattice units consisting of three illite and one montmorillonite layers (IMII). By comparison of suites of calculated profiles with the diffraction patterns of many samples of illite-montmorillonites it is concluded that virtually all illite-montmorillonites with expandabilities from about 40 to 100 per cent are randomly interstratified (allevardite being exceptional); at <40 per cent montmorillonite layers they almost always have ordered interstratification. Allevardite-like ordering predominates in illitemontmorillonites which have ordered interstratification, with the IMII superlattice varieties confined to samples with about 10 per cent montmorillonite layers.