Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-Linear Chaotic Features-Based Human Activity Recognition

Human activity recognition (HAR) has vital applications in human–computer interaction, somatosensory games, and motion monitoring, etc. On the basis of the human motion accelerate sensor data, through a nonlinear analysis of the human motion time series, a novel method for HAR that is based on non-linear chaotic features is proposed in this paper. First, the C-C method and G-P algorithm are used to, respectively, compute the optimal delay time and embedding dimension. Additionally, a Reconstructed Phase Space (RPS) is formed while using time-delay embedding for the human accelerometer motion sensor data. Subsequently, a two-dimensional chaotic feature matrix is constructed, where the chaotic feature is composed of the correlation dimension and largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) of attractor trajectory in the RPS. Next, the classification algorithms are used in order to classify and recognize the two different activity classes, i.e., basic and transitional activities. The experimental results show that the chaotic feature has a higher accuracy than traditional time and frequency domain features.
Autonomous in situ calibration of ion‐sensitive field effect transistor pH sensors

Ion‐sensitive field effect transistor‐based pH sensors have been shown to perform well in high frequency and long‐term ocean sampling regimes. The Honeywell Durafet is widely used due to its stability, fast response, and characterization over a large range of oceanic conditions. However, potentiometric pH monitoring is inherently complicated by the fact that the sensors require careful calibration. Offsets in calibration coefficients have been observed when comparing laboratory to field‐based calibrations and prior work has led to the recommendation that an in situ calibration be performed based on comparison to discrete samples. Here, we describe our work toward a self‐calibration apparatus integrated into a SeapHOx pH, dissolved oxygen, and CTD sensor package. This Self‐Calibrating SeapHOx is capable of autonomously recording calibration values from a high quality, traceable, primary reference standard: equimolar tris buffer. The Self‐Calibrating SeapHOx's functionality was demonstrated in a 6‐d test in a seawater tank at Scripps Institution of Oceanography (La Jolla, California, U.S.A.) and was successfully deployed for 2 weeks on a shallow, coral reef flat (Lizard Island, Australia). During the latter deployment, the tris‐based self‐calibration using 15 on‐board samples exhibited superior reproducibility to the standard spectrophotometric pH‐based calibration using > 100 discrete samples. Standard deviations of calibration pH using tris ranged from 0.002 to 0.005 whereas they ranged from 0.006 to 0.009 for the standard spectrophotometric pH‐based method; the two independent calibration methods resulted in a mean pH difference of 0.008. We anticipate that the Self‐Calibrating SeapHOx will be capable of autonomously providing climate quality pH data, directly linked to a primary seawater pH standard, and with improvements over standard calibration techniques.
Assessing the effectiveness of park-and-ride facilities on multimodal networks in smart cities

Abstract This paper presents an optimization procedure to choose a parking facility according to different criteria: total travel time including transfers, parking fee and a factor depending on the risk of not having an available spot in the parking facility at the arrival time. An integer programming formulation is proposed to determine an optimal strategy of minimum cost considering the available information, different scenarios, and each user profile. To evaluate the performance, a computational experience has been carried out on Seville (Spain), where a historical city center restricts the traffic of private vehicles and encourages the use of parking facilities.
The Effects of Combined Pre and Postharvest Deficit Irrigation on Loquat Yield, Fruit Quality and Handling Aptitude

Loquat prices depend on fruit size and earliness. Earliness is improved by postharvest deficit irrigation (DI), without negative effects on fruit size. An optimization of postharvest DI strategies carried out by limiting the dry period led to greater harvest date advancement, but water savings were reduced. To further improve fruit earliness and quality and increase water savings, we combined pre and postharvest DI strategies. Treatments were T1: trees not irrigated during six weeks after harvest (no preharvest DI applied); T2: trees that, in addition to postharvest DI, were not watered from the rapid fruit growth phase to harvest (nine extra weeks of DI); T3: trees that, in addition to postharvest DI, were not watered from color break to harvest (six weeks of DI plus postharvest DI); and T4: trees that in addition to postharvest DI were not watered during rapid fruit growth, but were re-irrigated at color break (2–3 weeks of DI, depending on the season). Full-irrigated trees were grown for comparison. T1 saved 18% water with respect to full-irrigation, and advanced harvesting by 16 days. T2 saved more water, had an earlier harvest and produced a higher early yield. Shorter dry periods were beneficial to a lower extent. Fruit size was significantly diminished by T2, but not by T4. A major advantage of T3 and T4 was the better performance of fruit during handling and shelf life. T2 fruits were favored by panelists for their sweetness but criticized for their smaller size.
Uma aplicação ao setor de transporte agrícola da análise de confiabilidade

A analise de confiabilidade e a conversao de tecnicas de analise de sobrevivencia aplicadas no departamento de producao. Para realizar a analise de confiabilidade, o conjunto de dados em estudo deve atender as condicoes necessarias para que seja possivel fazer estimativas razoaveis ​​das funcoes de risco e confiabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho e utilizar a analise de confiabilidade, utilizando as tecnicas nao parametricas, semi-parametricas e parametricas, para explorar e modelar o tempo de do pneu 11.00R22. Foi realizado um estudo com os 11.00R22, e o tempo em quilometros rodados foi calculado por meio de um computador de bordo acoplado em caminhoes. Os conjuntos de dados tem um total de 552 pneus, os quais apresentaram diferenca entre os tres tipos de tempo de vida. Na execucao deste trabalho, aplicou-se o estimador limite produto de Kaplan-Meier para os tres grupos de vida, e o teste log-rank para verificar a existencia de diferenca significativa entre as curvas de sobrevivencia ambos metodos nao parametricos, e em sequencia, a abordagem parametrica com o uso do modelo de regressao para verificar qual distribuicao se adequava ao tempo de vida dos pneus e ainda o modelo de Cox para modelar o risco abordagem semi-parametrica. Na aplicacao dos metodos foi utilizado o software R por meio do pacote survival. O modelo Weibull foi mais adequado para modelar o tempo de vida dos pneus 11.00R22.
Modeling mixed conductivity in solid-state electrolytes

Author(s): ADELSTEIN, NICOLE | Advisor(s): De Jonghe, Lutgard C | Abstract: The overarching goal of the the first-principles computational studies presented in this dissertation is to better understand and predict charge carrier interactions in mixed conductors. Rare-earth phosphates and hematite are chosen as example insulators which show reasonably high proton and polaron conductivity, respectively. Rare-earth phosphates are not yet used commercially, but show promise as intermediate temperature fuel-cell electrolytes, so a first-prinicples atomic-level understanding of transport in these materials will enable engineering of their properties. Due to close collaborations with experimentalists working in synthesis and characterization of rare-earth phosphates via impedance, X-ray photoemission, and NMR spectroscopy, the density functional theory (DFT) studies are compared directly to experimental measurements. Significant charge carrier concentrations are created in these materials by aliovalent doping, which can significantly increase the activation energy barrier for transport through the material. In this thesis, the interaction of protons and Ba-dopants in LaPO4 is investigated and the X-ray photoemission spectrum of CePO4 is interpreted via its calculated electronic structure, showing that hole small-polarons on Ce ions are stable defects. Finally, a new method for calculating small-polaron mobilities in crystals with DFT plus a Hubbard-U term is presented and found to work well for electron small-polaron mobilities in hematite.
The Inappropriateness of brain MRI prescriptions and its financial burden

Background: Inappropriate prescriptions can lead to adverse consequences for patients. It also imposes excessive cost on the patients, payers and health systems. The current study aimed at estimating of the rate of brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) inappropriate prescriptions and their financial burden in Iran.Methods: Using systematic stratified sampling method, this cross-sectional study recruited 385 participants from three public teaching hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Demographic information, questions related to brain MRI prescription and its indications checklist were collected using study-specific data collection tools. The completed indications checklist was compared to the appropriateness status table of indications and scenarios to detect the percent of the appropriateness of prescriptions. Results: About 21 % of total brain MRI prescriptions are inappropriate. Previous treatment, number of referrals to physician, having other diagnostic tests and the applicant of MRI (P<0.01) had significant relationships with prescription appropriateness. The estimated financial burden of inappropriate brain MRIs in Shiraz teaching hospitals was 99988 US dollar in 2017. Conclusions: More than one-fifth of brains MRIs were inappropriate (i.e., prescriptions without medical indications). It caused about one hundred thousand United States Dollar (USD) financial burden which is 17 times of Iran's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. To better allocation of health system resources for provision of MRI services rationing policies for controlling consumer moral hazard and reducing provider induced demand can be helpful.
Elevated Liver Enzymes and Incident Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Risk in Yemeni Patients     

This case-control study was aimed to assess the association between liver enzymes and incident T2D in Yemeni patients. The present study comprising 142 T2D patients and 142 healthy control subjects were recruited from the diabetic outpatient clinic of Ibn-Sina Hospital in Mukalla during the period from 1st January to 30th May 2020. Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were analyzed using the Cobas Integra Plus 400 autoanalyzer. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken from each participant. T2D patients had significantly higher FBG (P= <0.0001), total cholesterol (P= <0.0001), LDL-C (P= <0.0001), and GGT (P= <0.0001) while, HDL-C was significantly lower in T2D patients (P= 0.021). Serum ALT and GGT levels were significantly associated with increased incident T2D risk (P= 0.006 for ALT and 0.022 for GGT), and the odds ratios at 95% CI comparing the highest versus lower tertiles of ALT and GGT were 2.75(2.01-3.48) and 1.17(1.83-6.42) respectively. In conclusion, higher levels of ALT and GGT are positively associated with increased blood glucose levels and are used as predictive biomarkers for developing a higher risk of diabetes. Thus, routine screening of ALT and GGT in T2D patients is recommended for the early detection of liver disorders.
What is known about doctoral employment? Reflections from a UK study and directions for future research

ABSTRACT Over the last two decades, international governments have positioned PhD holders as vital to prosperity – and yet, understanding of PhD holders’ economic, social and cultural contributions remains considerably undeveloped. This article shares insights from a secondary analysis study of PhD employment in the UK. This study made use of the Destination of Leavers of Higher Education Longitudinal Survey, which provides the most comprehensive record of PhD employment currently available in the UK. Nevertheless, significant limitations arose when using the dataset to explore doctoral careers, suggesting that a new empirical approach is needed. In particular, there is a pressing need for richer demographic and decision-making data on PhD holders, along with a more extensive, longitudinal view of the careers they forge. The reflections and recommendations emerging from this study will be of interest to scholars and policymakers beyond the UK, given the global investment in the expansion of doctoral education.
Test of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation by Nitrate-reducing Microorganisms Isolated from Tallgrass Prairie Soils

Soils are frequently contaminated with hydrocarbons such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). This contamination inhibits the growth of some microorganisms in the contaminated soils. However, the contamination may select for microorganisms capable of hydrocarbon degradation under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Forty five strains of bacteria isolated from tallgrass prairie soil samples were screened for the ability to grow with naphthalene as sole carbon source under aerobic conditions by culturing on minimal medium containing naphthalene as the sole carbon source. Our results showed that none of the 45 strains were able to grow on naphthalene under these conditions. Three out of the 45 strains, e.g. one strain each classified as Ensifer, Stenotrophomonas, or Serratia, were tested for the ability to degrade naphthalene under nitrate reducing conditions. All three strains were facultative anaerobes and showed the physiology of nitrate or nitrate/nitrite reduction when grown under nitrate-reducing conditions in medium containing yeast extract. Two strains (e.g. Stenotrophomonas and Serratia) were tested for the ability to grow on naphthalene, gasoline, or benzene under nitrate-reducing conditions. The Serratia grew poorly on the hydrocarbons, but Stenotrophomonas reached its highest O.D. values on naphthalene. However, upon re-testing a wellwashed cell suspension of the Stenotrophomonas, no loss of naphthalene was found when grown under nitrate-reducing conditions. Although it might be expected that crude-oil contamination would select for PAH degraders, we did not find the nitrate reducing/nitrite reducing isolates to be capable of naphthalene-degradation under aerobic or nitrate-reducing conditions. ©2015 Oklahoma Academy of Science
EXPLORING PARENTS’ HOME-BASED INVOLVEMENT IN THEIR CHILDREN’S ENGLISH LEARNING: TRIGGERS AND BARRIERS

In Indonesian context, English has been taught in elementary school level and parents’ involvement is considered as one of the influencing factors which has contribution to the children’s language learning achievement. The rapid, complex and continuous societal changes in this digital era might impact and alter the possibilities of parents’ involvement in their children’s language learning. The current study explored the triggers and the barriers of parents’ home-based involvement in their children’s English language learning and the features of their involvement. The qualitative research by implementing semi-structured, in- depth interview with four parents of elementary students at one of private schools in Yogyakarta city was conducted. The findings show the three main triggers in parents’ home-based involvement namely: (1) parents’ belief of the importance of English, (2) the implementation of school technological learning tools and (3) parents’ expectation of their children academic achievement. While the barriers that parents encounter in their involvement are: (1) parents’ lack of time, (2) parents’ unproficiency in English and (3) parents’ unfamiliarity with the use of technological tools. As the features of involvement, the study reveals parents’ monitoring, accompaniment, assistances in their children’s home-learning activities, providing some additional English learning media and financing English private course. Keywords: Barriers, Children’s English Language Learning, Parents’ Home-Based Involvement, Triggers
Molecular Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria as a predominant probiotic microorganism found in indigenous fermented pig fat of Assam, India

The study was focused on identifying probiotic bacteria from traditionally fermented pig fat (Sathu) procured from Karbi Anglong Assam. Two types of bacteria were isolated (KJc8_C8 and KJR2_C9) from the food sample. The isolates were morphologically found to be cocci and rod-shaped. The isolated strains showed resistance to inhibitory compound such as NaCl (1-10%), Bile salt (0.1-1%) that exhibit better growth in acidic condition which were the important characteristics for bacteria to be probiotic. In addition the isolates showed positive results in metabolizing different carbohydrates sources. Molecular identification using 16SrDNA gene sequencing confirmed the presence of probiotic bacteria namely Bacillus and Lactobacillus species. The experimental results further indicated the absence of any other spoilage bacteria in the food sample which predominated only Lactobacillus and Bacillus species. This strongly supports the food product as a potential probiotic. Further studies of the food product will be a milestone for economic growth of the society beyond its nutritional effects.
Enhanced Tropical Eastern Indian Ocean Rainfall Breaks down the Tropical Easterly Jet-Indian Rainfall Relationship

Previous studies found a tight connection between the tropical easterly jet (TEJ) and Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR). Here we show that the TEJ–ISMR relationship is nonstationary and breaks down from 1994 to 2003 (epoch P2), in contrast to the significant positive correlation during epochs P1 (1979–93) and P3 (2004–16). The breakdown of the TEJ–ISMR relationship concurs with the increased rainfall variability over the tropical eastern Indian Ocean (TEIO). The enhanced TEIO rainfall anomalies excite a significant lower-level cyclonic circulation that reduces the ISMR and meanwhile strengthen the upper-level divergence and excite a pair of upper-level anticyclones to the west of the TEIO as Rossby wave responses, both accelerating the TEJ. Thus, the TEIO rainfall plays a more important role than the ISMR in TEJ variability during P2, causing the breakdown of the TEJ–ISMR relationship. In contrast, a relatively weak amplitude of the TEIO rainfall during P1 and P3 was unable to change the positive TEJ–ISMR relationship. The changes in the TEIO rainfall variability are mainly attributed to the increased SST variability over the tropical southeastern Indian Ocean, but their cause remains elusive.
Porous Multiphase Microcharacteristics Research of New Cement-Based Grouting Material Concretion

As an excellent inorganic hydraulic cementitious material, new cement-based grouting material (abbreviated as NCG) has a wide application prospect in grouting engineering. Four types of water-cement ratio (W/C ratio) NCG concretions were systematically researched on the solid-phase composition, microscopic morphology, nanoscale pore characteristics and micron-scale multiphase microscopic characteristics through SEM, TGA-DSC, BET, MIP, and 3D-XRM in combination with hydration reaction mechanism. The NCG concretion is characterized as a spatial network structure formed by dendritic or columnar ettringite (AFt) crystals, filled with calcium silicate hydrate gel (C–S–H) and aluminum gel (AH3). In the solid phase, the mass of AFt is the highest, about 65%, the mass of C–S–H is about 20%, and the mass of AH3 is the least, about 15%. In nanoscale, the pore size of NCG concretion is concentrated in about 50 nm–3 μm, and the volume proportion reaches about 90%, which can be used as the characteristic parameter of pore-phase. With the increase of W/C ratio and age, the MPD of pore decreases, and the probability of the MPD-pore increases, and the dispersion of the probability of pores increases. In nanoscale, the porosity of NCG concretion is as high as 60%. With the increase of W/C ratio and age, the porosity of NCG concretion increases, but the effect on the density of solid-phase is little. In micron scale, the regular characteristics related to diameter of pore-phase and gel-phase are similar, showing a three stage formula: as their diameter increases, the number of monocases decreases and its rate of reduction gradually slows down, the volume-proportion decreases first and then increases, the differentiation of volume between the monocases increases gradually, and the differentiation between monocases shape and sphere is bigger, and its shape characteristics are more diverse and discrete.
Origin of megacrysts by carbonate-bearing metasomatism: a case study for the Muskox kimberlite, Slave craton, Canada

Low-Cr and high-Cr clinopyroxene, garnet, olivine and ilmenite megacrysts from the Muskox kimberlite (Canada) were analysed for major and trace elements, as well as Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes. Samples display compositional overlap with respective phases in websterites, and clinopyroxene isotope systematics reveal similarities to both websteritic and metasomatic clinopyroxene in peridotites from the same kimberlite, in addition to Muskox and Jericho kimberlites. All lithologies may represent the products of mixing between EM1 mantle, relict Proterozoic enriched mantle and HIMU carbonatitic fluid. Equilibrium melts calculated from clinopyroxene trace element data using experimental distribution coefficients for feasible proto-kimberlitic melts yield a range of metasomatic agents. Conclusion on the carbonate-bearing nature of the metasomatism is based on the presence of a HIMU isotopic signature and results obtained from thermodynamic modelling using the Deep Earth Water model. Modelling was carried out with three fluid compositions; asthenospheric, eclogitic and kimberlitic. Our results suggest mineral compositions analogous to megacrysts cannot be produced by metasomatism of mantle peridotite by carbonate-free hydrous fluids. Isotope systematics argue against a strictly cognate relationship between megacrysts and their host kimberlite, instead suggesting that megacrysts and websterites may represent products of regional metasomatism by carbonatitic HIMU fluids shortly predating kimberlite magmatism. Supplementary material: A table containing parameters used in isotopic mixing models is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. c.5255825
UWB positioning algorithm and accuracy evaluation for different indoor scenes

ABSTRACT UWB indoor positioning is a research hotspot, but there are few literatures systematically describing different positioning algorithms for different scenes. Therefore, several positioning algorithms are proposed for different indoor scenes. Firstly, for the sensing positioning scenes, a sensing positioning algorithm is proposed. Secondly, for the straight and narrow scenes, a two anchors robust positioning algorithm based on high pass filter is proposed. Experimental results show that this algorithm has better positioning accuracy and robustness than the traditional algorithm. Then, for ordinary indoor scenes, a robust indoor positioning model is proposed based on robust Kalman filter and total LS, which considers the coordinate error of UWB anchors. The positioning accuracy is 0.093m, which is about 29.54% higher than that of the traditional LS algorithm. Finally, for indoor scenes with map information, a map aided indoor positioning algorithm is proposed based on two UWB anchors. This algorithm can effectively improve the reliability and reduce the cost of UWB indoor positioning system, which average positioning accuracy is 0.238m. The biggest innovation of this paper lies in the systematic description of multi-scene positioning algorithm and the realisation of indoor positioning based on double anchors.