Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural Changes in Gill Epithelia of a Yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata, Exposed to Sea Bloom

Surface structures of the gill epithelia of a yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata were observed with a scanning electron microscope after exposure to sea bloom. The fish was on the verge of death 45 min after exposure in a circuit tank containing a quantity of plankton, including Gymnodinium. Morphological changes in the gill epithelia of the primary and secondary lamellae were observed on the afferent side. Pavement cells of the afferent side were swollen remarkably, but cells on the efferent side were intact. Chloride and mucous cells with many cellular extensions appeared in the epithelia of the afferent edge of the primary lamellae. Chloride cells were found on the interlamellar space of the secondary lamellae as well. These chloride and mucous cells, however, could not be seen clearly on gill filaments exposed to normal sea water. The significance of morphological changes due to lower salinity and their relation to the toxic effects of plankton are discussed. Seriola quinqueradiata, a stenohaline teleost, is the most popularly bred fish in Japan. Sea bloom often appears in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan, and it causes heavy damages to fish farms in the area. Usually, fish polluted with sea bloom must be disposed of since some species of palnkton in sea bloom may be toxic. Fish exposed to sea bloom are known to be affected by respiratory disorders (oxygen deficiency). Therefore, physiological and morphological studies on the effects of sea bloom have been made on the area surrounding the gill arch. So far, there have been no reports of scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies of gill epithelia impaired by sea bloom. Fortunately, a number of descriptions of the gill epithelia of the euryhaline teleost (8, 16, 23, 26), stenohaline teleost (10, 13), saltwater-adapted teleost (6, 25), and freshwater-adapted teleost (27) are available. They show that the epithelial layers of the gill filaments consist of four kinds of specialized cells pavement cells, mucous cells, chloride cells and accessory cells. Pavement cells which cover the regular space on the gill filaments (8), have aroused little interest (26). Mucous cells are characterised by the accumulation of secreted products, including large and welldefined Golgi apparatus (10, 14, 19, 28), but few reports have been published on Abbreviations used : SEM, scanning electron microscope; TEM, transmission electron microscope.
Mahsa Ahmadian Nezhad Monfared

As the world moves towards providing a better and cleaner environment for future generations, there is an urgent need to quantify and reduce emission footprints of industries. The construction industry, which consumes a large quantity of fossil fuels, is one of the targeted industries for which researchers aim to evaluate proper alternatives to traditional construction methods in order to reduce these emissions. Underground utility installations, especially in the development of residential communities in urban areas, are one of the largest construction projects across North America and, consequently, one major source of emissions. This study demonstrates an environmental impacts comparison between the traditional open cut option in underground utility projects and trenchless methods (auger boring and HDD). The presented research aims to compare the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of open cut methods and that of trenchless technologies through a case study, which consists of three main lines: water, sanitary, and storm. The indices used to evaluate the performance of each method are carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, as measured by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Significant reduction in emissions of GHG was observed in augur boring and HDD methods compared to the open cut method. It is concluded that trenchless methods are more environmentally beneficial, as evident by the major reduction in airborne emissions compared to open cut. 3.
A compromise definition in multiobjective multidisciplinary design optimization

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. A compromise definition in multiobjective multidisciplinary design optimization Benoît Guédas, Philippe Dépincé
Volumetric Lagrangian Particle Tracking of the water surface ﬂow produced during the movement of a mechanical insect leg

Over a thousand animal species are capable of walking on the interface between air and water. These species include water striders, a family of insects from the order Hemiptera that has an almost unique ability to walk on the surface of the water without penetrating it. They achieve this outstanding feat by making use of the surface tension and their long hydrophobic legs. Experiments have revealed that water striders transfer some momentum to the underlying ﬂuid through capillary waves and hemi-spherical vortices and that both waves and vortices contribute to the mechanism of propulsion. However, the exact momentum and energy carried by waves and vortices have never been quantiﬁed together, and only the energy of the surface waves has been quantiﬁed to date. An analysis of the complete energy balance between the interface and the body of the water requires measurement of the free surface topography, together with the three-dimensional (3D) ﬂow ﬁeld in the water under the surface. The ultimate aim of this work was to develop a method capable of doing this.
Discrete Networked Dynamic Systems with Eigen-Spectrum Gap: Analysis and Performance

This paper provides a detailed analysis and performance treatment of a class of discrete-time systems with an eigen-spectrum gap coupled over networks. We deploy tools from time-scale modeling (TSM) theory to develop rigorous reduced-order models to aid in the stability analysis of these multiple time-scale networked systems over ﬁxed and undirected graph topology. We establish that the controller gain matrices can be determined by solving convex optimization problems in terms of ﬁnite linear matrix inequalities with prescribed H ∞ and H 2 performance criteria. As demonstrated by simulation studies, the ensuing results provide designers with a network-centric approach to improve the performance and stability of such coupled systems.
ELECTROSPUN PROTEIN NANOFIBERS AND THEIR FOOD APPLICATIONS ELEKTROLİF ÇEKİM YÖNTEMİ İLE ELDE EDİLMİŞ PROTEİNLER VE ONLARIN GIDA UYGULAMALARI

Electrospun nanofibers with their large surface area, high porosity, small pore sizes, and ability of the high loading of active agents possess many structural and functional advantages for food applications. Proteins play significant roles in physicochemical and structural properties in foods. There has been a great interest in using proteins for the fabrication of nanofibers through electrospinning technique. Due to their molecular weight, most of the proteins are non-spinnable alone however; their spinnability can be enhanced by the incorporation of food-grade biocompatible polymers. In this review, the basics of the electrospinning technique were introduced first, followed by detailed information about electrospun nanofibers formed using plant and animal proteins. Common polymers blended with proteins to enhance their spinnability were also discussed. It the last part, the use of electrospun nanofibers in various food applications such as encapsulation of bioactive components, enzyme immobilization, and food packaging was emphasized.
Development of Culturally-Specific Perception of Romantic Love Scale

Aim of the current research was to develop and validate the indigenous scale on the Perception of Romantic Love (PRLS by following two stages. In first stage scale was constructed and its psychometric properties were determined. While in stage two, convergent and discriminate validity of the scale was calculated. PRLS is based on those attributes which elicited by n = 40 adults during semi structured interviews and focus group discussions. After following the standard procedure of scale development 99 items were finalized and administered on N =1000 participant with 5 point likert type response format ranged from 1 = strongly disagree and 5 = strongly agree. Final solution of factor analysis retained 48 items with 7 subscales which named as General, Emotional, Cognitive, Behavioral, Marital, Sexual and Spiritual aspects of love. Chronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of the total scale was α = .91 and its seven subscales ranged from α = .59 (Behavioral) to α =. 78 (Emotional). Thus the split half reliability . 85 and test retest reliability . 89, inter-item r =. 58 and item total correlation r = . 84 revealed that the PRLS has high level of internal consistency. Results of convergent validity (with Urdu Passionate Love Scale) reported r = . 15 and discriminate validity (with Urdu University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale) was achieved r = -. 01.Implications of the study were discussed according to the cultural context.
Inhibin a , 13 A and fiB Subunit Messenger Levels in Cultured Rat Pituitary : Studies RT-PCR Ribonucleic Acid by a Quantitative

Recent studies have demonstrated that inhibins and activins both play not only endocrine roles but also local regulatory roles in gonadotoropin secretion. There has been controversy as to the subtype of rat pituitary inhibin/activin. We studied the levels of inhibin a, 1'A and f subunit mRNAs by a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the changes in their levels by adding inhibin a, fA and fiB mRNA antisense oligonucleotides and inhibin A, activin A or GnRH to cultured rat anterior pituitary cells. This study demonstrated the level of 3 mRNAs to be 1.6 x 10-2, 0.75 and 3.4 x 10-2 molecules/cell with a molar ratio of 1:50:2. A stimulatory role for activin B in FSH secretion was suggested as F'B mRNA antisense oligonucleotide decreased FSH secretion. The f'B mRNA level tended to be decreased by the addition of activin A, but the decrease was not statistically significant. GnRH did not affect a and f3B mRNA levels when administered singly. The level of F'A mRNA was not changed by any of the above treatments. In conclusion, the presence of inhibin a, /3A and 1'B subunit mRNAs in the rat anterior pituitary with the greatest abundance of NA was demonstrated by using RT-PCR. Activin B or activin AB may play important roles in FSH secretion in an autocrine or a paracrine fashion, and activin A may play an indirect role in FSH secretion.
Beyond Riemannian geometry: The affine connection setting for transformation groups

In computational anatomy, one often lifts the statistics from the object space (images, surfaces, etc) to the group of deformation acting on their embedding space. Statistics on transformation groups have been considered in previous chapters, by providing the Lie group with a left or right invariant metric, which may (or may not) be consistent with the group action on our original objects. In this chapter we take the point of view of statistics on abstract transformations, independently of their action. In this case, it is reasonable to ask that our statistical methods respect the geometric structure of the transformation group. For instance, we would like to have a mean which is stable by the group operations (left and right composition, inversion). Such a property is ensured for Fréchet means in Lie groups endowed with a bi-invariant Riemannian metric, like compact Lie groups (e.g. rotations). Unfortunately bi-invariant Riemannian metrics do not exist for most non compact and non-commutative Lie groups, including rigid-body transformations in any dimension greater than one. Thus, there is a need for the development of a more general non-Riemannian statistical framework for
ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN CHANGING TIMES: EVIDENCE FROM TURKISH BANKING INDUSTRY *

The study aims to examine accounting conservatism in the Turkish banking sector from two sides. These can be expressed as lending policies and sustainability reporting. We firstly investigate whether accounting conservatism improves the lending capacity of banks during crisis periods. We hypothesize that higher conditional conservatism could reduce the adverse effect of the financial crises on the banks' lending capacity. We test our predictions empirically through an unbalanced panel data of 32 Turkish deposit banks in 1999-2019. We secondly examine whether a bank’s engagement in sustainability performance and reporting reduces information asymmetry and leads to less demand for conservatism by outside stakeholders. We test whether a bank conditional conservatism changes or not after starting to report sustainability information. The results of our primary hypotheses are consistent with our predictions and complement and support existing evidence in the empirical literature. We find evidence of the positive impact of conditionally conservative accounting policies on the supply of bank loans. When we test our sustainability reporting hypotheses, incoherent with prior researches and our predictions, there is no significant relationship between sustainability reporting and the level of conservatism. size, liquidity, and structure. They emphasize that an important role as they to the during a crisis. They find that banks' assets and loan growth rates decrease during the global financial crisis. Ivashina Scharfstein and Wyplosz also study bank lending during the global financial crisis. They find that new loans significantly decrease during the crisis. They measure conservatism score with Khan and Watts’ (2009) C-Score methodology, and they conclude CSR takes part of an alternate function for governance structures in cutting down information asymmetry. Shawn et al. (2009) investigate the sustainability and accounting conservatism of the 6.348 listed non-financial companies between 2009 and 2016. The study highlights the importance of the regulatory authorities in the mitigation of information asymmetry between the investors and managers by limiting and observing companies' behavior. They find that companies ahead of delisting or in the process of
Experimental testing of high-rate GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) method for detecting dynamic vertical displacement response of engineering structures

ABSTRACT The fundamental dynamic property of the structures is the oscillation frequency, which can be derived from the response measurements. The structures with a short/medium/long span (e.g. suspended or cable bridges) vibrate vertically rather than horizontally. The potential of GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) for detecting the dynamic response of vibrating structures has been the focus of recent studies. In this study, the usability of GNSS PPP in detecting the dynamic displacement response of a vertically vibrating structure was experimentally investigated. A number of experiments on cantilever beam structures were conducted and four cases with different vibration frequencies, ranging from 0.94 to 2.90 Hz, were selected to compare the PPP and precise relative methods in the time, position and frequency domain. In addition, the effects of the ultra-rapid and final precise orbit product on the kinematic PPP solution were examined in terms of detecting vertical oscillation. The results clearly show that a high-rate kinematic PPP method can detect the fundamental frequency of vertical vibration to evaluate the dynamic movement of long/medium/short-span suspended bridges and highway viaducts.
A solution for strong authentication in sensor-based healthcare environments

Medical devices equipped with network interfaces, classified as sensors, transmit sensitive information over the network. This information need to be secured applying security mechaninsms, in order to mitigate vulnerabilities. Because of the vulnerabilities, strong means of authentication have been investigated. However, existing strong authentication solutions require user interaction, not respecting their individuality. This paper proposes a strong authentication solution on sensorbased healthcare environments in order to support the authentication process of patients with special needs. The authentication was based on a combination of two methods acquired from sensors of a healthcare environment: biometrics and location. In addition, standardizations provided by ISO/IEC 27799 and SBIS was followed for a safe development.
STUDY ON THERMAL OUTPUT OF FLOOR HEATING SYSTEM

A expe ’imental devic・ wa ・ p・・ducedt・ ・e肛 ・h th・ th・m ・1 ・utp ・ t ・f fi. h・ati・g y ・t・ m . 1・ 血i・ p・p・・, th・ f・ll・wi ・g 4 it ,m 、 w ,,e examined in an experiment , on the assumption thaUhe f置oor heating system was used in a wooden house. 1,Supply heat flow to the floor heating system 2.Upward heat fiow : Heat flow divided by the surface 3,Downward heat月ow :Heat flow which is passing through the construction , to rooms beyond, 4.The ratio of upward heaげ 10w and downward heat f】ow to supply heat flow In summa ’izi ”g the 「esult exp ・・im・nt・th・ elec. i・ n . h・ati・g ・y・t・m w ・・ g・Q・p・d i・t・ th. typ・・ (・. A・typ・ whi ・hfi。 、,i、g is°ne wit 囲 ゚°「 heati ”g panel・ 2・B ・typ. v. dth ・ fl. heaIi・9・pan・1 wi ・団 。 ・・i崢 . h・. f・i・yl ・h1・ ・id・、 3 . C、typ, whi 、h tbe flQor heating Panel is installed under the subflor 、 during the floor joists ). The 「ati° °fup剛 h・・出 ・ w t。 ・・pPly h・曲 w w ・・ ab ・・t 8・% i・ A・typ. b・ ・t 80% i・ B・typ. v・・ed with th・ fl。 ,i.g、 、b 。 、t 90% in B type c° ve「ed 山 ・heet・f ・i・yl ・h1。 ・id. b・uI 70 % i・ C ・yp・・ A ・ampl ・ n ・ mb . f・h・ h・・w ・t・ ・ n 。 ・ ・ hea・i・g 、y、・,m w 路 . But its tendency was almost similar to a tendency of 出e electoric fieor heating syastem ,
Relationship between superovulation and embryo production with ovarian follicular population before superovulatory treatment in Brazilian Bergamasca sheep

The objective of this study was to quantify the superovulatory response and embryo production of Brazilian Bergamasca sheep and to evaluate the link to the follicular condition before superovulatory treatment, as a reference for selection of donors with potential for superovulation. Follicular population of twenty-three sheep was evaluated by ultrasound during metestrus phase of the estrous cycle and divided into groups of low, medium and high follicular population. Subsequently, they were synchronized, superovulated with 133mg of pFSH, mated and subjected to embryo collection. The superovulatory response (9.0±3.3 vs 10.7±6.2 vs 13.8±7.1) and embryo production (4.0±3.8 vs 2.6±2.0 vs 1,8±4.0) were similar between groups (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the number of follicles during the metestrus phase and the number of corpus luteum with premature regression (PLR) (0.52) and a negative correlation between the recovery rate and PLR (-0.44) (P<0.05). The sheep that presented PLR had more follicles during metestrus (16.9±7.8 vs 12.7±3.2) and lower embryo recovery rate (38.8±29.3 vs 72.2±29.9) than those with functional CLs (P<0.05). Follicular quantification during metestrus phases was unable to identify donors with high embryo production. Animals with PLR had a larger follicular population during metestrus and lower embryo recovery rate.
Mouse Ataxin-2 Expansion Downregulates CamKII

1 Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am 8 Main, Germany; 9 2 Department Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 10 Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; 11 3 Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Max von Laue Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; 12 4 Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt 13 am Main, Germany; 14 5 Institute of Anatomy, Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 10, 53115 Bonn, Germany. 15 16 * Correspondence: nesliecesen@gmail.com; auburger@em.uni-frankfurt.de; Tel. : +49-69-6301-7419 (N.E.S.); 17 +49-69-6301-7428 (G.A.) 18 19 Abstract: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is caused by polyglutamine expansion in Ataxin-2 20 (ATXN2). This factor binds RNA/proteins to modify metabolism after stress, and to control calcium 21 (Ca2+) homeostasis after stimuli, thus exerting crucial neuroprotection for cerebellar ataxias and 22 corticospinal motor neuron degeneration. Our Atxn2-CAG100-Knock-In mouse faithfully models 23 features observed in patients at pre-onset, early and terminal stages. Here, its cerebellar global RNA 24 profiling revealed downregulation of signaling cascades to precede motor deficits. Validation work 25 at mRNA/protein level defined alterations that were independent of constant physiological ATXN2 26 functions, but specific for RNA/aggregation toxicity, and progressive across the short lifespan. 27 Earliest changes were detected at 3 months among Ca2+ channels/transporters (Itpr1, Ryr3, Atp2a2, 28 Atp2a3, Trpc3), IP3 metabolism (Plcg1, Inpp5a, Itpka), and Ca2+-Calmodulin dependent kinases 29 (Camk2a, Camk4). CaMKIV–Sam68 control over alternative splicing of Nrxn1, an adhesion 30 component of glutamatergic synapses between granule and Purkinje neurons, was found affected. 31 Systematic screening of pre/post-synapse components, with dendrite morphology assessment, 32 suggested early impairment of CamKIIα abundance together with weakening of parallel fiber 33 connectivity. These data reveal molecular changes due to ATXN2 pathology, impacting 34 communication and excitability of cerebellar neurons. Discovery of such risk versus progression 35 markers improves the assessment of pre-symptomatic treatments in SCA2 and related disorders. 36
Analyzing the relative efficiency of China’s Yangtze River port system

In spite of the rapid growth of the Yangtze River port system (YRPS) in recent years, knowledge regarding the efficiency characteristics of these ports along the Yangtze River is still limited. This article evaluates the relative efficiency of 22 major ports along the Yangtze River from 2010 to 2016 by using the novel super slacks-based measure (super-SBM) model and the Malmquist productivity index. The YRPS showed a relatively low level of average technical efficiency in 2016, and the technical efficiency values of these ports increased generally from upstream to downstream. In terms of returns to scale, the ports of Shanghai, Nantong, and Suzhou should pay attention to resource allocation, technological advancement, and institutional innovation in the future. The remaining 19 ports, however, should increase investment in the optimization of production-capacity structures, the upgrading of terminal equipment, the improvement of consolidation and distribution systems, channel regulation, and information sharing among terminals. Our results also show that the production technology, resource utilization, enterprise management, and scale economies of the YRPS improved during 2010–2016, and this significantly enhanced the total factor productivity (TFP). Based on these findings, we propose several development strategies for the YRPS, such as improving the consolidation and distribution systems of ports, encouraging the cross-regional integration of port and shipping enterprises, strengthening the coconstruction and sharing of infrastructure, and optimizing the hub-and-spoke network of the YRPS.