Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Difficulty and Discrimination Indices of MCQs Type A in Formative Exam in Anatomy

Difficulty (D) and discrimination (P) indices are the factors used to assess the typical of MCQs type A in the examination. The plan of this study knows the correlation between the (D) and (P) and the standard of MCQs informative examination in Anatomy. There were 580 MCQs items, taken from six exams for medical female students conducting in the Najran University department of anatomy. The relationship between them determined by a Pearson correlation using SPSS-PC version 20.0. Distribution of items: very difficult; 9 (3.5%): 75 (37.5 %), difficult;2 (1%):14 (7.8%), average; 45 (22.5%): 6 (3%), easy; 2 (1.1%): 29 (14.5%) and very easy; 1 (0.6%): 27 (13.5%). Poor discrimination; 61 (30.5%): 13 (7.2%), acceptable; 0(0%):19 (10.6%), good; 0 (0%): 7 (3.5%), very good; 0 (0%): 9 (5%) and excellent; 14 (7%): 64 (32%). The coefficient “r” (r = 0.509, P = (0.000) > 0.01, r = 0.181, P = (0.072) > 0.01, r = 0-. 059, P = (.560) < 0.01, r = 0.260, P = (0.009) < 0.01, r = 0.490, P = (0.000)> 0. and r = 0.372, P = (0.000) > 0.01. Our finding has a widely positive correlation between (D) and (P) indices.
AP2PS 2012

—Publish/subscribe communication model has become an indispensable part of the Web 2.0 applications, such as social networks and news syndication. Although there exist a few systems that provide a genuinely scalable service for topic-based publish/subscribe model, the content-based solutions are still suffering from restricted subscription schemes, heavy and unbalanced load on the participating nodes, or excessively high matching complexity. We address these problems by constructing a distributed content-based publish/subscribe system by using only those components that are proven to be scalable and can withstand the workloads of massive sizes. Our publish/subscribe solution, Vinifera , requires only a bounded node degree and as we show, through simulations, it scales well to large network sizes and remains efﬁcient under various subscription patterns and loads.
Theory and Implementation of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm: A Comprehensible Introduction and Case Study Using Qiskit and IBM Quantum Computers

The present tutorial aims to provide a comprehensible and easily accessible introduction into the theory and implementation of the famous Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). We lay our focus on practical aspects and step-by-step guide through the realization of a proof of concept quantum application based on a real-world use case. In every step we first explain the underlying theory and subsequently provide the implementation using IBM's Qiskit. In this way we provide a thorough understanding of the mathematical modelling and the (quantum) algorithms as well as the equally important knowledge how to properly write the code implementing those theoretical concepts. As another central aspect of this tutorial we provide extensive experiments on the 27 qubits state-of-the-art quantum computer ibmq_ehningen. From the discussion of these experiments we gain an overview on the current status of quantum computers and deduce which problem sizes can meaningfully be executed on today's hardware.
Isolation of Bacteria with Potential of Producing Extracellular Enzymes (Amylase, Cellulase and Protease) from Soil Samples

Introduction: Amylase, cellulase and protease are known for hydrolyzing starch, cellulose and protein respectively and these enzymes can be produced by microorganisms. A single bacterium with potential of producing amylase, cellulase and protease will be an organism of high industrial value. Aims: This work aimed at isolating bacteria that will be able to produce three extracellular enzymes (amylase, cellulase and protease). Methodology: Soil samples were collected from eight different locations within Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo Town, Nigeria. Bacteria were isolated from these soil samples and were identified using morphological and biochemical characteristics. Isolated bacteria were screened for their ability to produce amylase, cellulase and protease on plate and enzymes’ relative activities on plate were determined. Results: Forty two bacteria were isolated from soil samples and identified to belong to the Genera Bacillus (30), Enterobacter (6), Klebsiella (3) and Staphylococcus (3). Eight (19%), Eleven (26%) Original Research Article Fasiku et al.; JAMB, 20(3): 21-26, 2020; Article no.JAMB. 55344 22 and Nineteen (45%) out of 42 isolated bacteria were able to produce amylase, cellulase and protease on plate with relative activities ranging from 1.25 – 2.88, 1.39 – 4.50 and 1.13 – 5.17 respectively. All the eight amylolytic isolates (Bacillus species (5) and Enterobacter species (3)) were able to produce the three enzymes (amylase, cellulase and protease). Conclusion: Eight bacteria with ability to produce three enzymes (amylase, cellulase and protease) were isolated from soil samples and could be further employed in enzyme-producing industries.
ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS

The role of antibody levels in protective immunity against cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of antibody response against CL among Sudanese population. Fifty six clinically diagnosed CL subjects were enrolled in this study. Forty eight of them had healed scar and eight have active lesions. The leishmanin skin test (LST) was 54.7% positive. The frequency of human IL4RP2 alleles was investigated in this study. The results showed 83.9% (183 bp) and 16.1% (253 bp) and the heterozygosity was 39%. The mean antibody levels using direct agglutination test (DAT) has found to be higher against Leishmania major (L. major) antigen than Leishmania donovani (L. donovani) antigen and the difference was found to be significant (P = 0.01 <0.05). The anti L. major IgG was quantified in this study using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mean of antibody levels measured by ELISA and DAT was significantly higher in study participants with scars more than those with skin lesions. Overall this outcome would be supportive to indicate a possible role of antibody-mediated protection in CL and would signify the importance of identification of antigens that may elicit protective antibodies. © 2014 Pak Publishing Group. All Rights Reserved.
“The challenges of eHealth implementation in developing countries: A literature review”

Aim: The aim of this analysis study is to research the challenges of eHealth implementation in developing countries by literature review. Background: The usage of technology in delivering and providing health care is present worldwide. In spite of the potential benefits of eHealth, implementation of those systems is often rumored as difficult. The health care system of many developing countries, just like the gift state of affairs is therefore beset with varied challenges and problems. Developing countries is in its emergent stages of achieving meaningful use of the technology. Method: The chosen analysis methodology is descriptive literature review. The Inductive Content Analysis and social control method Theory cryptography Framework were accustomed analyses the info. Findings: Lack of ICT infrastructure, electrical power provides and basic ICT data or skills has been a number of the challenges facing eHealth implementation in developing countries victimization. Lack of infrastructure within the rural areas makes the agricultural of us ineffectual to access the web, besides electrical power provide isn't accessible this makes it even tough to mend ICT infrastructure that depends on electrical power to control thanks to this ICT data and skills is low among the agricultural of us. Conclusions: once these challenges regarding eHealth implementation within the rural communities are resolved, can the agricultural areas be ready to appreciate the large remunerations that eHealth solutions offer.
Skill Intensity, Exports and Technical Change: Evidence from Firm-Level Shocks to Expectations

The aim of this paper is to provide new causal evidence on the upskilling trend in the labor market for Italian manufacturing. The proxy for skill level is chosen to be the distinction between production and non-production workers, following a traditional strand of literature. I investigate on two competing factors, international trade and skill-biased technological change. Unexpected shocks to foreign shipments and to a measure of technological change, Research and Development (R&D) expenditures, are used to overcome problems of endogeneity and reverse causality and allow interpretation of results in causal terms. I find that trade has a positive and significant effect on the skill composition of the work force, while R&D expenditures, in the same context, seemed not to have been an important factor in the restructuring process occuring at the firm level. No significant effect of either variable is detected on the relative wage of skilled relative to unskilled workers.
Evaluation of antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of custard apple (Annona squamosa) Leaf extracts: A compositional study

Since time immemorial custard apple is closely associated with humans. In Indian subcontinents it is popularly known for their delicious fleshy fruit and lesser for its antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Because of its higher nutritional value and unique nutraceutical properties, custard apple is widely cultivated throughout the world. In view of this the present investigation was undertaken to study the methanolic leaf extracts of global custard apple germplasms to identify the genotypes with its best combination as having significant amount of antioxidant and antidiabetic. The results showed that wide variability was present among custard apple genotypes for both α-amylase inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging activity. It also evidenced that the fruit width was negatively correlated with both antioxidant activity and antidiabetic activities. Further the study showed that smaller the fruit size evidenced higher the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities with elevated level of total phenolic acids. Finally, the study revealed that the methanolic extract of genotypes evidenced lowest IC50 value viz., Aml-11 (2.41 μg/mL) followed by Aml-12 (3.07 μg/mL) and Aml-4 (6.73 μg/mL) showing higher inhibition of PPA could be considered as candidate material for future ethnomedicinal research.
Dynamic Inter- and Intra-Industry Adjustments to Trade Liberalization

This paper examines how the presence of heterogenous firms shapes the dynamic inter-industry adjustment to trade liberalization. In the short run, overaccumulation of firms in comparative-disadvantage industries delays the reallocation of resources towards comparative-advantage industries. This spills over on the dynamic intra-industry reallocation of resources and the resulting magnification of comparative advantage. In effect, specialization according to comparative advantage and the endogenous magnification of comparative advantage are manifested gradually over the full transition.
Dose Homogeneity in Surface Applicator Overlapping and Non-Overlapping Region Using Homemade Bolus with 3D Printer in INTRABEAM System for Skin Cancer

The Carl Zeiss INTRABEAM system is a mobile compact miniature x-rays device which delivers treatment by various techniques; including intraoperative, interstitial, intra-cavity, and surface treatments. The main purpose of the study was to observe dose homogeneity in surface applicator overlapping and non-overlapping region using 3D printed bolus in INTRABEAM System for skin cancer treatment. Dose uniformity plays a crucial role between overlapping and non-overlapping region of applicator during dose delivery in skin cancer. The different thickness, shape (concave, convex) and filament densities of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) were made to form main body parts of bolus for surface applicator of diameter 4 cm in Carl Zeiss INTRABEAM system with the help of German RepRap 3D printer. Concave and Convex part refer to the structures similar to the cross section of concave and convex lens respectively. GafChromic eBT films which were irradiated with 50 kV x-ray with surface applicator in presence of bolus. After that films were scanned with an EPSON® Expression 10000 XL/Pro flatbed scanner and dose profile were plotted with ImageJ Software, from which dose homogeneity was determined. The dose profiles were plotted for the different combination (filament density) of concave and convex parts of bolus (printed from 3D printer) with thickness 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm and 10 mm. From the plotted profiles, the maximum flat profile was seen in the bolus with thickness 10 mm and combination of concave filament density 45% and convex filament density 100%. The dose homogeneity is better achieved for the INTRABEAM system Surface applicator at overlapping and non-overlapping region by using homemade bolus with appropriate combination (filament density) of concave and convex parts of bolus comparative to the other methods. The aim of the research is to provide a better method for the treatment of the localized skin cancer of the size >4 cm.
Returns to Lying When the Truth is Unobserved and Identifying Measurement Error Models Without Instruments

Consider an observed binary regressor D and an unobserved binary variable D , both of which affect some other variable Y . This paper considers nonparametric identi cation and estimation of the effect of D on Y , conditioning on D D 0. For example, suppose Y is a person's wage, the unobserved D indicates if the person has been to college, and the observed D indicates whether the individual claims to have been to college. This paper then identi es and estimates the difference in average wages between those who falsely claim college experience versus those who tell the truth about not having college. We estimate this average returns to lying to be about 7% to 20%. Nonparametric identi cation without observing D is obtained either by observing a variable V that is roughly analogous to an instrument for ordinary measurement error, or by imposing restrictions on model error moments. JEL Codes: C14, C13, C20, I2.
ANALYSIS OF YEAST DNA SEQUENCES TO DETERMINE YEAST STRAINS UNIQUE TO TEXAS THAT ARE OPTIMAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CRAFT DISTILLED SPIRITS

Craft distilling in Texas is a growing business where start-up distilleries are interested in finding yeast strains that will give craft spirits a unique and fine taste. This study genetically characterized yeast strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that have the potential to distill craft spirits, in order to determine how unique they were compared to other known strains. We extracted DNA from 11 yeast strains originally isolated from local plants at a ranch in North Texas. We then sequenced three different loci: NUP116 gene region, LAS1 gene region and the IntAY intergenic spacer. The DNA sequences were compared to sequences from 124 other yeast strains, obtained from GenBank, that were isolated from three geographic locations: China, France, and lab strains of baker’s yeast. We constructed 95% parsimony networks from the DNA sequences to determine how the strains were related to each other. The most promising candidate strain for alcohol production, based on studies conducted by professionals in the craft distillation industry, was unique and most closely related to a yeast strain used to produce wine. This suggests that this strain may be unique to Texas.
Design & Development of a Trustworthy and Secure Billing System for Cloud Computing Architecture

Cloud computing is an important transition that makes change in service oriented computing technology. Cloud service provider follows pay-as-you-go pricing approach which means consumer uses as many resources as he need and billed by the provider based on the resource consumed. CSP give a quality of service in the form of a service level agreement. For transparent billing, each billing transaction should be protected against forgery and false modifications. Although CSPs provide service billing records, they cannot provide trustworthiness. It is due to user or CSP can modify the billing records. In this case even a third party cannot confirm that the user’s record is correct or CSPs record is correct. To overcome these limitations we introduced a secure billing system called THEMIS. For secure billing system THEMIS introduces a concept of cloud notary authority (CNA). CNA generates mutually verifiable binding information that can be used to resolve future disputes between user and CSP. This project will produce the secure billing through monitoring the service level agreement (SLA) by using the SMon module. CNA can get a service logs from SMon and stored it in a local repository for further reference. Even administrator of a cloud system cannot modify or falsify the data.
Migration and Wage Income Inequality

The questions addressed in this paper are (i) whether immigration and domestic migration over time contributes to changes in wage inequality, and (ii) if so, which parts of the income distribution are these changes associated with? Finally, (iii) what are the correlates of changes in inequality, and does ethnic and educational background of the migrant population matter? Using full population data for 1993 and 2003 for Swedish local labour markets, a fixed effect model is estimated. Factors associated with increasing wage inequality are positive net migration of the Swedish born, increasing educational inequality and low levels of employment. Immigration and domestic migration of the foreign born has no statistically significant effect.
Design of Vision based Lane Departure Warning System

: Road traffic accident is one of the problems that are risking lives of people. Most traffic accidents were caused by the negligence of the drivers. In order to reduce the number of traffic accidents and to improve the safety and efficiency of the traffic, Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) have been conducted worldwide . One of the component of ITS is Advanced driver assistance system has shown tremendous potential to address the on road measures taken for mitigating the fatalities due to distracted driving. The domain of Advanced Driver Assistance System covers Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS). In Every year, many car accidents mainly occurred around the world due to the lane Departure. Lane Departure Warning systems (LDWS) is one of the main approaches for Lane Detection and Lane Tracking and accident prevention. The Lane detection and Lane Tracking is a complicated problem in LDWS. Lane detection and Lane Tracking is a challenging task. But detection of Lane is not only used to solve the problem of avoiding accidents . To avoid the accidents Lane tracking is also important. In this propose system, Vision Based Intelligent system for Lane detection and Lane Tracking are useful in avoiding these accidents, and safety is the main purpose of these systems. Such Intelligent systems have the goal to detect and track the lane marks and to warn the driver in case the vehicle has a tendency to depart from the lane. A lane detection and Lane Tracking system is an important element of many intelligent transport systems. The objective of the paper is to reduce the number of traffic accidents and to improve the safety and efficiency of the traffic by using computer vision based intelligent system for driver assistance.
Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke

The December of 1995 was unlike any other month for stroke research ; and not without reason. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) in United States of America had just reported its success in significantly improving the outcome of ischemic stroke by using intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA), if administered within 3 hours. Twelve years down the line, rtPA is the most effective treatment in a subset of ischemic stroke patients both in academic centers and community hospitals. However, there are still some barriers in delivering thrombolytic therapy to ischemic stroke patients. This article will review the major studies bringing rtPA into routine practice of stroke and will address the associated issues with special reference to India.
The impact of the broad autism phenotype on social relationships in mothers of children with autism: The role of maternal attachment representations

Parenting a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be stressful, impacting the overall parenting experience and relationship well-being. Mothers of children with ASD are at increased risk for inadequate social support and mental health problems, as well as exhibiting characteristics of the broad autism phenotype (BAP). The BAP is a milder subset of ASD symptoms that include rigidity, aloofness, and struggles with social relationships. Individuals with BAP report less satisfying relationships, more mental health problems, and a higher chance for insecure attachment. No studies have looked at the relationship between BAP, adult attachment, and relationship outcomes in mothers of children with ASD. This study included 114 mothers (mean age = 35) who completed questionnaires online measuring the aforementioned variables. I found that mothers with higher BAP experienced higher attachment anxiety and avoidance. Further, higher BAP predicted poorer outcomes, with attachment avoidance and anxiety mediating many of these outcomes.
Genetic structure of Latin American Aedes aegypti Estructura genética de Aedes aegypti latinoamericano

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the main Dengue vector in Latin America. This study investigated the genetic structure of this vector using samples collected in Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Argentina, Puerto Rico, and French Guiana. We examined the distribution of a 246-basepair region of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 mitochondrial gene among a total of 369 Ae. aegypti from all the populations. This gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and tested for variation using single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Twelve haplotypes were detected among all the countries sampled and grouped into two clades. Significant differentiation was detected among the populations studied and these were not genetically isolated by distance.
Fundamentals of Molecular Biology for Gene Analysis

: Biological data analysis and data management is very useful, interesting and mostly needed dynamic research area. Biological data details are usually represented by means of data sequences for ease of analysis of bio relationships. State-of-the-art, automated, efficient, effective, scalable, and interoperable bio data analysis and data management techniques are needed. Accurate and automated data mining techniques are needed to analyze, process, compare biological data sequences of data in order to discover relationships among the patterns of bio data sequences. Specific and convenient indexing techniques are needed for efficient, effective and scalable management of very large number of biological data sequences because time complexity of biological data sequences is exponential. Many dynamic programming based analysis techniques of biological data sequences are available in the literature of bio information data management. Present study is the foundation for developing powerful indexing techniques as well as cancer data type classification techniques.