Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary supplementation of resveratrol on performance, egg quality, yolk cholesterol and antioxidant enzyme activity of laying hens

ABSTRACT 1. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of resveratrol on laying performance, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol and antioxidant enzyme activities of laying hens. 2. A total of 360 Beijing PINK-1 laying hens (60 weeks old) were randomly distributed among five dietary treatments, each of which included 6 replicates of 12 hens. Dietary treatments were basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg diet resveratrol. The study lasted for 9 weeks including 1 week of adaptation and 8 weeks of the main experimental period. 3. The results indicated that dietary resveratrol significantly improved feed conversion ratios during 5–8 weeks and 1–8 weeks of the trial. Increasing dietary concentrations of the resveratrol linearly improved Haugh unit and albumen height of eggs. 4. The content of total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) in serum and cholesterol in yolk was significantly decreased by dietary resveratrol, and there were significant linear correlations between these indexes and resveratrol supplemental levels. 5. Dietary resveratrol supplementation significantly improved serum Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activity and decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content in groups with 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg resveratrol as compared to the control, respectively. However, supplementation of resveratrol did not affect the activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD). 6. It is concluded that resveratrol supplementation has a positive effect on performance, lipid-related traits and antioxidant activity of laying hens.
Studies on occurrence, characterisation and decontamination of emerging pathogenic Escherichia coli (STEC, ETEC and EIEC) in table eggs

ABSTRACT 1. Escherichia coli is one of the most common facultative anaerobic species present in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and human beings. Usually they occur as commensals, but some serotypes can cause significant illnesses in humans as well as mammals and birds. 2. The occurrence of E. coli in different categories of table eggs collected from markets was evaluated. Isolates were analysed for the presence of virulence genes, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and efficacy of peracetic acid and chlorine for the purpose of decontaminating table eggs. 3. Significant differences were observed in the occurrence of E. coli between different groups viz. processed (cleaned, washed, sanitised and packed eggs), unprocessed (un-cleaned, un-sanitised and loose eggs) and free range (eggs obtained from backyard poultry) table eggs. Overall, E. coli occurred in table eggs at 28.6% with 22.9, 29.2 and 50.0% occurrence in processed, unprocessed and free-range table eggs, respectively. 4. A total of 24 isolates of E. coli were obtained and screened for virulence genes viz. STH, SLT1/2 and INVE genes. Of the 24 isolates recovered, 10 typeable isolates belonged to O141, O119, O9, O120 and O101 serotypes, while the remaining 14 were untypeable. Antibiograms of the isolates showed multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) index in the range of 0.13–0.40. 5. Peracetic acid (PAA) and chlorine (CL) were studied for their sanitisation efficacy; concentrations of 100 mg/kg of PAA and 200 mg/kg of CL completely inactivated E. coli over the egg surface and also resulted in 2.58 and 2.38 log reduction in total viable counts (TVC), respectively. 6. The presence of virulence-associated shiga-like toxin (SLT1/2) and invasion E (INVE) genes and antimicrobial resistance among the emerging serotypes of pathogenic E. coli isolated from table eggs has public health implications. It underscores the need to implement better management practices across the production systems and marketing channels to produce E. coli-free wholesome eggs for consumers.
Patterns of self-inflicted injury

Patterns of self-inflicted injury vary widely depending on the mechanism of injury and intent of the individual. Life threatening injuries are usually inflicted with suicidal intent. Non-life threatening injuries can be divided into three groups distinguished by distinct patterns of injury and underlying psychopathology. Recognition of these patterns facilitates optimal treatment of the injury and psychological morbidity.
Correlation between anthropometric measures, lipid profile and serum adiponectin and steatosis in nondiabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aims: To assess the relation between the grade of steatosis and anthropometric measures, lipid profile and serum adiponectin in non-diabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Qena faculty of medicine, South Valley University. Methodology: Fifty patients with US evidence suggestive of fatty liver disease and normal fasting and post-prandial serum glucose were included. No past or current history of alcohol consumption. Original Research Article Mahmoud et al.; BJMMR, 7(9): 771-778, 2015; Article no.BJMMR. 2015.387 772 Blood samples were taken to detect liver function tests, fasting lipogram, complete blood count and serum adiponectin. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumferences (WC) were measured for all patients. Liver biopsy was done to detect the presence and the degree of steatosis. Results: The mean age of patients was 40+/-12 years. Patients with steatosis showed significantly higher value for BMI and WC than those without (P value =0.000). Cholesterol, triglyceride and Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) also were significantly higher in patients with steatosis (P value =0.00). High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and serum adiponectin were significantly lower in patients with steatosis (P value =0.00). Patients with severe steatosis showed significantly higher values for BMI and WC, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C and lower values for HDL-C and adiponectin (P value = 0.05) than those with mild or moderate steatosis. Positive correlations were detected between the age, BMI and WC, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C and the grade of steatosis and negative correlations with HDL-C and adiponectin. Conclusion: Anthropometric measures, lipogram and serum adiponectin are associated with progression of steatosis in nondiabetic patients with NAFLD. So their detection is important for evaluation and management.
Unmet Need in Psychiatry: Problems, Resources, Responses

ABC schizophrenia study 220 Aboriginal peoples 327–8, 356–61 alcohol use 359 health status 357 suicide 360 abuse see alcohol-use disorders; child abuse; drug use/abuse; substance-abuse disorder access to treatment 110–11 accountability Wnancial restrictions 359 mental health services 335–6 acquired immunodeWciency syndrome (AIDS) 369, 372, 375 acupuncture 175 scientiWc evidence 183 adaptive behavior impairment 346 addictive disorders, prevalence 45 adherence see compliance admission to psychiatric ward 400 adolescents 32, 327, 330 anxiety disorders 195–6 autonomy 332 depression 239, 337 self-medication 734 suicide 239 treatment intervention outcomes 337 aVective disorder prevalence 17, 18, 20 see also bipolar aVective disorder Africa 238 health systems 369 age population structure 210–11 public knowledge/attitudes 408–9 aggressive behavior syndrome prevention 1347 evidence-based preventive interventions 1357 risk factors 1345 aggressive syndromal patterns 134–7 agoraphobia 263, 265, 267, 269 agreement about need 271–2 Aid for Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) 70 alcohol dependence 73 detoxiWcation 297 public education 295 alcohol, drug and mental (ADM) disorders 378 alcohol-use disorders 196, 290 Aboriginal peoples 359 Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 292–3 comorbidity 290, 292, 293, 297–8 detoxiWcation 297 Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study 291–2 epidemiology 291 hazardous use 295–6 inpatient hospitalization 297 matching hypothesis 297 National Comorbidity Study (NCS) 292–3 outcome 291 prevalence 292 primary care 161 psychiatric diagnoses 293–4 public health 295 public knowledge/attitudes 405 screening 295–6 specialist addiction treatment 296–8 treatment 294–5 Alcoholics Anonymous 297 alternative medicine see complementary medicine alternative treatments, public knowledge/attitudes 405 American Psychiatric Association (APA) 146 practice guidelines 148–50, 154
Scientific Methods to Determine Functional Performance of Prosthetic Ankle-Foot Systems

Not too long ago there were only a few kinds of prosthetic ankle-foot systems in widespread clinical use. However, today there are many prosthetic ankle-foot mechanisms that are commercially available and being used clinically. With the influx of these new mechanisms, a flurry of investigations ensued in an attempt to understand their function, specifically in comparison with the older standard ankle-foot components. Research studies of these devices had the clear and well-intentioned goal of understanding and identifying the specific products that could most benefit persons with amputations, depending on their health and functional level, so that the most appropriate components could be prescribed. Although many insights have been gained through research, it seems that the search for answers to questions regarding the function of prosthetic ankle-foot systems is ongoing. This article describes two methodological approaches used to determine differences and similarities in function between prosthetic ankle-foot types, lists the most consistent results of both approaches, and discusses a new method of analyzing the function of these devices that may tie contradictory results together.
Can younger drivers be trained to scan for information that will reduce their risk in roadway traffic scenarios that are hard to identify as hazardous?

Younger drivers (18–21 years) are over-involved in crashes. Research suggests that one of the reasons for this over-involvement is their failure to scan areas of the roadway for information about potential risks in situations that are hazardous, but not obviously so. The primary objective of the present study is to develop and evaluate a training program that addresses this failure. It was hypothesised that PC-based hazard anticipation training would increase the likelihood that younger drivers would scan for potential hazards on the open road. In order to test this hypothesis, 12 trained and 12 untrained drivers' eye movements were measured as they drove a vehicle on local residential, feeder and arterial roads. Overall, the trained drivers were significantly more likely to gaze at areas of the roadway that contained information relevant to the reduction of risks (64.4%) than were the untrained drivers (37.4%). Significant training effects were observed even in situations on the road that were quite different from those shown in training. These findings have clear implications for the type of training of teen drivers that is necessary in order to increase their anticipation of hazards.
Reducing allergenicity by altering allergen fold: a mosaic protein of Phl p 1 for allergy vaccination

Background: The major timothy grass pollen allergen, Phl p 1, resembles the allergenic epitopes of natural group I grass pollen allergens and is recognized by more than 95% of grass‐pollen‐allergic patients. Our objective was the construction, purification and immunologic characterization of a genetically modified derivative of the major timothy grass pollen allergen, Phl p 1 for immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy.
Functional Outcomes in the WHO-ICF Model: Establishment of the Upper Limb Prosthetic Outcome Measures Group

A need for a systematic measurement of function for upper limb prosthetics has been identified. Using the World Health Organization-International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO-ICF) model, it was clear that no single test was able to cover the entire cycle of prosthetic use from research to application in the field, but it was believed that a unified approach throughout the profession would allow better communication between the contributors to this process. Through a series of meetings, such an approach has been formulated and a special interest group formed that aims to analyze the current literature on the subject, and identify which tools already in existence have the psychometric properties that allow for valid comparison of data between centers and countries. After this analysis, recommendations for a toolkit of different validated tools will be made, along with identifying any gaps within the kit that need additional attention.
Trial designs and outcomes in dementia therapeutic research

Edited by Kenneth Rockwood, Serge Gauthier. Published by Taylor & Francis, 2006, £75.00 (hardcover), pp 364. ISBN 1-84184-321-0 Nowadays, it is increasingly expected that every assessment, investigation and treatment should be cost effective. Cost effectiveness is an abstract concept influenced by multiple factors, including social values. Determining the cost effectiveness of treatment is particularly …
AVALIAÇÃO COMPARATIVA DOS SISTEMAS DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO DOS ARCOS PARCIALMENTE EDENTADOS: UMA REVISÃO CRÍTICA DE OITENTA ANOS

Up to the present day a great amount of classification methods for partially edentulous arches have been proposed and are being used. The literature reviewed reveals substantial discussion and controversy. There is a great deal of confusion in relation to the gradual variation between dental and fibromucous support, represented by the edentulous and remaining teeth regions, the anatomical and topographical factors, and the position of the direct and indirect retainers. In an attempt to clarify the current understanding of these problems, the present review presents a critical discussion analyzing and evaluating all classification systems comparatively. We concluded that, at this time, a completely satisfactory classification system is not available. The use of classification systems in dental schools must be fostered to help students to understand the several approaches to the treatment plan. On the other hand, classifications associated with biological knowledge have enriched dental sciences and Removable Partial Denture (RPD) as well. Methodological considerations involving RPD classifications are, thus, important for discussion, assessment, design, and research purposes.
Thyroid Hormone Levels and their Relationship to Survival in Children with Bacterial Sepsis and Septic Shock

OBJECTIVES Reported studies have showed alternations of thyroid hormones in critical illness mostly in adults and some in children. In this study, we aimed to measure thyroid hormone levels in children with sepsis and septic shock and investigate the relationship of these hormones with clinical state and survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thyroid hormone levels of children with sepsis and septic shock, and age- and sex-matched controls were measured. RESULTS There were 51 children in sepsis (group S), 21 children in septic shock (group SS) and 30 in the control (group C) group. Total triiodothyronine (TT3) levels were (nmol/l): 0.91 +/- 0.22, 0.64 +/- 0.23, 2.11 +/- 0.59; free triiodothyronine (FT3) (pmol/l): 0.027 +/- 0.006, 0.018 +/- 0.007, 0.049 +/- 0.010; total thyroxine (TT4) (nmol/l): 100.62 +/- 21.93, 65.79 +/- 19.35, 109.65 +/- 19.35; free thyroxine (FT4) (pmol/l): 18.06 +/- 3.87, 10.32 +/- 1.29, 19.35 +/- 3.87; and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (mIU/ml): 5.0 +/- 2.0, 4.8 +/- 2.4, 5.2 +/- 3.0, in children with sepsis, septic shock, and controls, respectively. The TT3, FT3, TT4, and FT4 levels of group SS were significantly lower than those of groups S and C. The TT3 and FT3 levels of group S were lower than in group C, but there was no significant difference between TT4, and FT4 levels of groups S and C. TSH levels were slightly decreased in both sepsis and septic shock, but the difference was not significant. Eleven (21.6%) children with sepsis and 15 (71.4%) children with septic shock died (p < 0.001). The levels of TT3, FT3, TT4 and FT4 were markedly lower in non-survivors of groups S and SS compared to survivors (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroidal axis may suggest a possible prognostic value of thyroid hormone levels in children with sepsis and septic shock. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first study to compare thyroid hormone levels in a large number of patients with sepsis and septic shock with those in healthy controls in childhood.
Psychiatric Patients' Occupational Roles: Changes Over Time and Associations with Self-rated Quality of Life

This study investigated psychiatric patients' occupational roles before and after a period of treatment in occupational therapy day-care and at a 1-year follow-up. Furthermore, associations between valued occupational roles and self-rated quality of life were investigated. Twenty patients with a mean age of 30 years and diagnosed with a psychosis diagnosis or other long-term mental illness were followed during treatment, in average 16 months, and 1 year after. The profile of occupational roles for the group as a whole pointed to that home maintainer, family member, hobbyist, and friend were roles that were held and valued by more than half of the respondents. The number of valued roles increased significantly from admission to discharge and follow-up. Five out of eight valued roles, friend, hobbyist, worker, family member, and caregiver showed associations with quality of life, and the relationship of friend to quality of life was most consistent over the three measurement points. No association was found between occupational roles and a general measure of mental health. Even though the number of valued roles increased, however, the pattern of roles remained fairly similar over the three occasions, and the picture deviated from results from studies on general populations of similar ages on, e.g. the proportion of respondents holding a worker role and a caregiver role.
Allergen IgE‐isotype‐specific suppression by maternally derived monoclonal anti‐IgG‐idiotype

Background: The dramatic increase of IgE‐mediated allergic diseases in western countries demonstrates the urgent need for new therapeutic or prophylactic approaches. In mice, a prophylactic long‐lasting allergen‐specific suppression of IgE responsiveness is induced by maternal IgG antibodies to allergens like ovalbumin, phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2) or ovomucoid. As neonatal application or maternally derived pathogen‐reactive antibodies (idiotypes) as well as corresponding anti‐idiotypes can induce anti‐microbial protection, we probed the transgenerational IgE‐suppressive mechanism with a syngeneic monoclonal anti‐idiotypic antibody.
Incorporating organisational safety culture within ergonomics practice

This paper conceptualises organisational safety culture and considers its relevance to ergonomics practice. Issues discussed in the paper include the modest contribution that ergonomists and ergonomics as a discipline have made to this burgeoning field of study and the significance of safety culture to a systems approach. The relevance of safety culture to ergonomics work with regard to the analysis, design, implementation and evaluation process, and implications for participatory ergonomics approaches, are also discussed. A potential user-friendly, qualitative approach to assessing safety culture as part of ergonomics work is presented, based on a recently published conceptual framework that recognises the dynamic and multi-dimensional nature of safety culture. The paper concludes by considering the use of such an approach, where an understanding of different aspects of safety culture within an organisation is seen as important to the success of ergonomics projects. Statement of Relevance: The relevance of safety culture to ergonomics practice is a key focus of this paper, including its relationship with the systems approach, participatory ergonomics and the ergonomics analysis, design, implementation and evaluation process. An approach to assessing safety culture as part of ergonomics work is presented.
Rocking-Chair Ammonium-Ion Battery: A Highly Reversible Aqueous Energy Storage System.

Aqueous rechargeable batteries are promising solutions for large-scale energy storage. Such batteries have the merit of low cost, innate safety, and environmental friendliness. To date, most known aqueous ion batteries employ metal cation charge carriers. Here, we report the first "rocking-chair" NH4 -ion battery of the full-cell configuration by employing an ammonium Prussian white analogue, (NH4 )1.47 Ni[Fe(CN)6 ]0.88 , as the cathode, an organic solid, 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI), as the anode, and 1.0 m aqueous (NH4 )2 SO4 as the electrolyte. This novel aqueous ammonium-ion battery demonstrates encouraging electrochemical performance: an average operation voltage of ca. 1.0 V, an attractive energy density of ca. 43 Wh kg-1 based on both electrodes' active mass, and excellent cycle life over 1000 cycles with 67 % capacity retention. Importantly, the topochemistry results of NH4+ in these electrodes point to a new paradigm of NH4+ -based energy storage.
Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots Used for Boosting Light Harvesting in Organic Photovoltaics.

Although organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) have been investigated for more than two decades, the power conversion efficiencies of OPVs are much lower than those of inorganic or perovskite solar cells. One effective approach to improve the efficiency of OPVs is to introduce additives to enhance light harvesting as well as charge transportation in the devices. Here, black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) are introduced in OPVs as an additive. By adding 0.055 wt % BPQDs relative to the polymer donors in the OPVs, the device efficiencies can be dramatically improved for more than 10 %. The weight percentage is much lower than that of any other additive used in OPVs before, which is mainly due to the two-dimentional structure as well as the strong broadband light absorption and scattering of the BPQDs. This work paves a way for using two-dimentional quantum dots in OPVs as a cost-effective approach to enhance device efficiencies.
Distinguishing delirium and dementia

Delirium and dementia are syndromes with multiple cognitive impairments common to the elderly and to medically ill patients. While strides have been made in recognition of both delirium and dementia, underdiagnosis is common. Delirium and dementia cause great suffering in patients, families and caregivers. Both necessitate further advancement in assessment methods and treatment, especially when they overlap. Differentiating delirium and dementia requires recognizing that both may present with cognitive, behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms, but attentional disturbance and acute onset are cardinal discriminators in delirium. Superimposed delirium on dementia presents a particularly vexing problem in terms of recognition, treatment and prognosis. The pathophysiology of delirium results from diffuse cortical dysfunction or impairment in susceptible areas of the cortex and the reticular activating system. The pathophysiology of dementia is varied across dementias although several share histolological feat.