Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quasi‐statische Bemessungsverfahren für erdverlegte Kunststoffrohrleitungen unter Erdbebenbelastungen

In diesem Aufsatz werden, auf der Grundlage der Literaturstudien und eigener Erfahrungen, die quasi‐statischen Bemessungsverfahren für erdverlegte Kunststoffrohrleitungen unter Erdbebenbelastung dargelegt. Für die Kunststoffrohrleitungen mit mehr oder weniger flexiblen Muffenverbindungen, die häufig als Zufuhr‐ bzw. Ausstoßleitungen des Abkühlungssystems von Kohlekraftwerken am Küstengebiet ausgeführt sind, wird die Standsicherheit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit unter den Belastungen aus Körper‐ und Oberflächenwellen bei Erdbeben und aus plastischen Baugrundverformungen infolge von Bodenverflüssigung betrachtet. Das Tragverhalten der Rohrleitungen wird in Verbindung mit dem Baugrund beschrieben. Dabei werden die erforderlichen Eingangsparameter und die wesentlichen quasi‐statischen Ansätze für die Bemessung dokumentiert. Damit werden die Grundlagen für die Planung und für eine praxisnahe Bemessung von erdverlegten Kunststoffrohrleitungen geschaffen.
PERFORM: A Metric for Evaluating Autonomous System Performance in Marine Testbed Environments Using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic

Trust and confidence in autonomous behavior is required to send autonomous vehicles into operational missions. The authors introduce the Performance Evaluation and Review Framework Of Robotic Missions (PERFORM), a framework to enable a rigorous and replicable autonomy test environment, thereby filling the void between that of merely simulating autonomy and that of completing true field missions. A generic architecture for defining the missions under test is proposed and a unique Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic approach is used as the foundation for the mathematically rigorous autonomy evaluation framework. The test environment is designed to aid in (1) new technology development (i.e., providing direct comparisons and quantitative evaluations between autonomy algorithms), (2) the validation of the performance of specific autonomous platforms, and (3) the selection of the appropriate robotic platform(s) for a given mission type (e.g., for surveying, surveillance, search and rescue). Three case studies are presented to apply the metric to various test scenarios. Results demonstrate the flexibility of the technique with the ability to tailor tests to the user’s design requirements accounting for different priorities related to acceptable risks and goals of a given mission.
Patent Innovation Factors Evolution Based on P-SVM and GCCA

A two-stage neural network architecture constructed by combining potential support vector machines (P-SVM) with genetic algorithm (GA) and gray correlation coefficient analysis (GCCA) is proposed for patent innovation factors evolution. The enterprises patent innovation is complex to conduct due to its nonlinearity of influenced factors. It is necessary to make a trade off among these factors when some of them conflict firstly. A novel way about nonlinear regression model with the potential support vector machines (P-SVM) is presented in this paper. In the model development, the genetic algorithm is employed to optimize P-SVM parameters selection. After the selected key factors by the PSVM with GA model, the main factors that affect patent innovation generation have been quantitatively studied using the method of gray correlation coefficient analysis. Using a set of real data in China, the results show that the methods developed in this paper can provide valuable information for patent innovation management and related municipal planning projects.
Predicting Clinically Relevant Patient-Reported Symptom Improvement After Carpal Tunnel Release: A Machine Learning Approach

BACKGROUND: Symptom improvement is an important goal when considering surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome. There is currently no prediction model available to predict symptom improvement for patients considering a carpal tunnel release (CTR). OBJECTIVE: To predict using a model the probability of clinically relevant symptom improvement at 6 mo after CTR. METHODS: We split a cohort of 2119 patients who underwent a mini-open CTR and completed the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire preoperatively and 6 mo postoperatively into training (75%) and validation (25%) data sets. Patients who improved more than the minimal clinically important difference of 0.8 at the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire–symptom severity scale were classified as “improved. ” Logistic regression, random forests, and gradient boosting machines were considered to train prediction models. The best model was selected based on discriminative ability (area under the curve) and calibration in the validation data set. This model was further assessed in a holdout data set (N = 397). RESULTS: A gradient boosting machine with 5 predictors was chosen as optimal trade-off between discriminative ability and the number of predictors. In the holdout data set, this model had an area under the curve of 0.723, good calibration, sensitivity of 0.77, and specificity of 0.55. The positive predictive value was 0.50, and the negative predictive value was 0.81. CONCLUSION: We developed a prediction model for clinically relevant symptom improvement 6 mo after a CTR, which required 5 patient-reported predictors (18 questions) and has reasonable discriminative ability and good calibration. The model is available online and might help shared decision making when patients are considering a CTR.
Direct-write patterning of nanostructured sensory waveguides for integrated optical bioimaging applications

We report the development of a novel methodology for patterning of nanostructured sensory materials using multi-dimensional microstructured support platforms for optical bioimaging applications. Specifically, the support platforms are fabricated using direct-write technique and sol-gel derived xerogel thin-films to form the sensor materials. This creates a simple and versatile method for developing complex 3-D microstructures that have the combined capabilities of biochemical sensing, microfluidic sample distribution for sensor arrays, and direct integration with Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Integrated Circuits (ICs) used for sensor signal detection and processing. More importantly, this methodology would enable the development of large-scale arrayed sensing platforms for applications in cell-culture analysis and tissue imaging. The configuration and fabrication of the proposed microstructures, which consist of planar ridge and hollow waveguides, will be described in detail. As a prototype implementation, we demonstrate direct-write ridge waveguide support structures coated with luminophore-doped xerogels that are responsive to gaseous oxygen (O2) concentration.
Intraglandular dissemination is a risk factor for lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background Intraglandular dissemination is one of the metastatic pathways of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, few studies have assessed the impact of intraglandular dissemination among patients with PTC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential correlation between intraglandular dissemination and various clinicopathological parameters in PTC patients. Methods We retrospectively collected the data of 1,043 consecutive PTC patients in Wuhan Union Hospital from 1 June 2020 to 1 May 2021. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of intraglandular dissemination. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis with a matching ratio of 1:2 and a caliper value of 0.05 was used to compare the clinicopathological differences between groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to quantify the association between intraglandular dissemination and cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis. Results In total, 117 and 204 PTC patients with and without intraglandular dissemination, respectively, were successfully matched. The LN metastasis rate of PTC patients with intraglandular dissemination (88%) was significantly higher than that of patients without intraglandular dissemination (67.2%; P<0.001). The number of metastatic LNs in patients with and without intraglandular dissemination also varied greatly, at 9.62 (SD =7.92) and 3.33 (SD =4.23), respectively. Intraglandular dissemination was associated with an increased risk of LN metastasis in both the unmatched patients [odds ratio (OR), 3.19; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.74 to 5.86; P<0.001] and the matched subset (OR, 4.00; 95% CI: 1.98 to 8.05; P<0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in age, gender, tumor size, histological subtypes, extrathyroidal extension, or presence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (all P values >0.05). Conclusions Intraglandular dissemination is a risk factor for LN metastasis in PTC, which suggests a need for more thorough LN dissection and closer follow-up in these patients. This finding may provide reliable reference data for the risk stratification of patients with PTC.
Genome Wide Identi cation and Characterization of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes Reveals Their Potential in Enhancing Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance in Gossypium Hirsutum

Sadau Bello Salisu (  Sbsadau.ste@buk.edu.ng ) Cotton Research Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-7873 Teame Gereziher Mehari Cotton Research Institute Adeel Ahmad Cotton Research Institute Sani Muhammad Tajo Cotton Research Institute Sani Ibrahim Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Cotton Research Institute Mohammed Elasad Agricultural Cooperative College: Agricultural Cooperative University Jingjing Zhang Cotton Research Institute Hengling Wei Cotton Research Institute Shuxun Yu Cotton Research Institute
An Examination on the Practice of Adopting Prefabrication for Construction Projects

Abstract Generation of construction and demolition waste has becoming a pressing issue around the world. Waste minimization has been on the agenda of various organizations including clients, designers, contractors and suppliers. However, one of its major problems is the lack of environmental support from project parties. To implement waste minimization effectively, adoption of prefabricated building components should be implemented. This paper investigates an efficient approach in adopting prefabricated components in various building elements for various project types including general projects, public housing, private residential and commercial projects. Detailed surveys are conducted based on six major building elements: substructure, drainage and underground services, structural frame, external works, internal works and building services. From that, the effectiveness of using prefabrication in the practice can be examined. This examination also leads to the introduction of an efficient approach. Various project parties can clearly understand how to efficiently adopt prefabrication which brings direct benefit to environmental construction organizations.
Increasing cut surface quality with various cutting nozzle head oscillations for abrasive aquajet machining

Abstract This short paper introduces different nozzle oscillation cutting methods, which are developed using theoretical formulae as well as experimental resources. A comparison study was conducted using different surface texture parameters between a straight cut and different oscillation cutting methods with the same cutting parameters. An optimum oscillation cutting method is suggested. A significant amount of increase in surface quality was obtained.
Accumulation of Temozolomide-Induced Apoptosis, Senescence and DNA Damage by Metronomic Dose Schedule: A Proof-of-Principle Study with Glioblastoma Cells

Simple Summary Severe toxic side effects do not allow unlimited dose escalation of anticancer drugs, and the doses used in cancer therapy are therefore often rather low regarding the required target concentration. For temozolomide (TMZ), which is used in glioblastoma therapy, single high dose protocols are used in nearly all experimental studies, while the drug is administered repeatedly on patients, with a daily (metronomic) low dose schedule. Here, we show that the therapeutically relevant glioblastoma cell death and senescence responses do accumulate if a high dose of TMZ is split up in small low doses. The data support the metronomic dose schedule and suggest that even low doses are effective in glioblastoma therapy. The predominance and accumulation of TMZ-refractory senescent survivors may provide an explanation for the overall low curative response. Abstract Temozolomide (TMZ), a first-line drug in glioma therapy, targets the tumor DNA at various sites. One of the DNA alkylation products is O6-methylguanine (O6MeG), which is, in the low dose range of TMZ, responsible for nearly all genotoxic and cytotoxic effects relevant for cancer therapy. There is, however, a dispute regarding whether the TMZ concentration in the tumor tissue in patients is sufficient to elicit a significant cytotoxic or cytostatic response. Although treatment with TMZ occurs repeatedly with daily doses (metronomic dose schedule) and in view of the short half-life of the drug it is unclear whether doses are accumulating. Here, we addressed the question whether repeated low doses elicit similar effects in glioblastoma cells than a high cumulative dose. We show that repeated treatments with a low dose of TMZ (5 × 5 µM) caused an accumulation of cytotoxicity through apoptosis, cytostasis through cellular senescence, and DNA double-strand breaks, which was similar to the responses induced by a single cumulative dose of 25 µM TMZ. This finding, together with the previously reported linear dose–response curves, support the notion that TMZ is able to trigger a significant cytotoxic and cytostatic effect in vivo if the low-dose metronomic schedule is applied.
Stability Thresholds and Performance Standards for Flexible Lining Materials in Channel and Slope Restoration Applications

SUMMARY: Selecting the right channel and bank stabilization materials for channel restoration is critical, but is complicated by the limited availability of comprehensive performance criteria, an increasing number of new materials, and limited information regarding installation methods. Performance criteria for channel stabilization materials have traditionally focused on hydraulic parameters such as shear stress and flow velocity, but field performance of these materials is also dependent on non-hydraulic factors. Material selection, design, construction, and installation procedures are all critical to performance and project success. This technical note is intended to supplement recommendations provided in ERDC TN-EMRRP-SR-29, "Stability Thresholds for Stream Restoration Materials" (Fischenich 2001), which focused on hydraulic performance data for a variety of materials. This supplement focuses on flexible channel lining materials. An overview of selected design and installation criteria is provided, including critical materials properties, regional or climatic conditions, ecological considerations, and specific project applications. Project failure mechanisms are also discussed. Recommendations for product selection and field installation monitoring are summarized.
Nonlinear Load-Adaptive MIMO Controller for DC Motor Field Weakening

Control problem of field weakening for a separately excited DC motor system, modeled in nonlinear differential equations, is tackled in this paper. A novel constant power field weakening controller, based on nonlinear load-adaptive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linearization technique, is developed to achieve high-performance speed tracking through rejecting load disturbance. The effects of decoupling and linearization permit the controller to be implemented and operated at desired field weakening point of operation. Computer simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller for a specific motor. It has been shown that the proposed controller provides higher dynamic performance in comparison with traditional PI controllers, whereas the motor system is run over wide dynamic field weakening regimes.
A High-Resolution Imaging Touch Sensor

A dexterous robot manipulator must be able to feel what it is doing. The mechanical hand of the future will be able to roll a screw between its fingers and sense, by touch, which end is which. This paper describes a step toward such a manipulator, an imaging tactile sensor with hundreds of pressure sensors in a space the size of a fingertip. The sensor was designed as part of a tendon-actuated mechan ical finger, similar in size and range of motion to a human index finger (Hillis 1981). As a demonstration, the device was programmed to distinguish among several commonly used fastening devices—nuts, bolts, flat washers, lock washers, dowel pins, cotter pins, and set screws—by touching them with the finger and analyzing the tactile image. This paper describes how the tactile sensor array was constructed and how it works. The simple pattern- recognition techniques used in the demonstration program are also outlined. The final section notes some promising directions for future research.
In Search of Small Molecules That Selectively Inhibit MBOAT4

Ghrelin is a 28-residue peptide hormone produced by stomach P/D1 cells located in oxyntic glands of the fundus mucosa. Post-translational octanoylation of its Ser-3 residue, catalyzed by MBOAT4 (aka ghrelin O-acyl transferase (GOAT)), is essential for the binding of the hormone to its receptor in target tissues. Physiological roles of acyl ghrelin include the regulation of food intake, growth hormone secretion from the pituitary, and inhibition of insulin secretion from the pancreas. Here, we describe a medicinal chemistry campaign that led to the identification of small lipopeptidomimetics that inhibit GOAT in vitro. These molecules compete directly for substrate binding. We further describe the synthesis of heterocyclic inhibitors that compete at the acyl coenzyme A binding site.
Efficient Time-Domain Simulation of Side-By-Side Moored Vessels Advancing in Waves

Evaluation of hydrodynamic performance of two vessels in close proximity that are either stationary or advancing in waves is of paramount importance for many offshore and naval engineering applications. Hydrodynamic interactions between the vessels combined with nonlinear mechanical interactions due to mooring and fendering systems make the problem more complicated. An efficient time-domain method is presented for evaluating the seakeeping and maneuvering performance of proximate vessels advancing with forward speed. The method computes the 6 degree-of-freedom motions of a pair of hydrodynamically interacting vessels subject to wind, waves, currents and maneuvering effects at zero and nonzero speeds in regular or random seaways. Model tests conducted to validate the method are described and results presented. The validation efforts conducted so far have yielded satisfactory comparisons, thereby reinforcing the confidence in the method and its applicability to such problems. The method has been used to predict safe operational limits of two vessels in skin-to-skin operations conducted by the US Navy. A similar analysis is presented herein for a different pair of vessels. Since it is based on time domain simulation, this method also allows the inclusion of non-linear effects due to mooring lines, fenders and effects of viscous roll damping, which is not possible with two-body hydrodynamic interaction solutions in frequency-domain. It is concluded that this method provides an efficient tool to predict the performance of hydrodynamically interacting vessels that are stationary or moving with forward speed. To date, it has proven very useful in the early stages of the design/concept development process in which many configurations are evaluated.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Sex-specific covariance between metabolic rate, behaviour and morphology in the ground beetle Carabus hortensis

Background Individuals within the same species often differ in their metabolic rates, which may covary with behavioural traits (such as exploration), that are consistent across time and/or contexts, and morphological traits. Yet, despite the frequent occurrence of sexual dimorphisms in morphology and behaviour, few studies have assessed whether and how sexes differ in metabolic trait covariances. Methods We investigated sex-specific relationships among resting or active metabolic rate (RMR and AMR, respectively) with exploratory behaviour, measured independently of metabolic rate in a novel environment, body size and body mass, in Carabus hortensis ground beetles. Results RMR, AMR and exploratory behaviour were repeatable among individuals across time, except for male RMR which was unrepeatable. Female RMR neither correlated with exploratory behaviour nor body size/body mass. In contrast, AMR was correlated with both body size and exploratory behaviour. Males with larger body sizes had higher AMR, whereas females with larger body sizes had lower AMR. Both male and female AMR were significantly related to exploratory behaviour, though the relationships between AMR and exploration were body mass-dependent in males and temperature-dependent in females. Discussion Differences between sexes exist in the covariances between metabolic rate, body size and exploratory behaviour. This suggests that selection acts differently on males and females to produce these trait covariances with potentially important consequences for individual fitness.
Investigation on Multi-star Structures for Large Power Direct-drive Wind Generator

Abstract In order to increase the power capability of direct-drive PM wind generators with respect to established quality criteria like the electromagnetic torque and the power transferred to the grid, a polyphased multi-star system is studied. The influence of the number of stars, their phase shift and the waveform of the electromotive force are investigated. The possible configurations, i.e. the numbers of magnets and slots, are found and compared.
Accurate small-signal modeling of HFET's for millimeter-wave applications

In this paper we discuss the small-signal modeling of HFET's at millimeter-wave frequencies. A new and iterative method is used to extract the parasitic components. This method allows calculation of a /spl pi/-network to model the heterojunction field-effect transistor (HFET) pads, thus extending the validity of the model to higher frequencies. Formulas are derived to translate this /spl pi/-network into a transmission line. A new and general cold field-effect transistor (FET) equivalent circuit, including a Schottky series resistance, is used to extract the parasitic resistances and inductances. Finally, a new and compact set of analytical equations for calculation of the intrinsic parameters is presented. The real part of Y/sub 12/ is accounted for in these equations and its modeling is discussed. The accounting of Re(Y/sub 12/) improves the S-parameter modeling. Model parameters are extracted for an InAlAs/InGaAs/InP HFET from measured S-parameters up to 50 GHz, and the validity of the model is evaluated by comparison with measured data at 75-110 GHz.