Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kinetostatic backflip strategy for self-recovery of quadruped robots with the selected rotation axis

Abstract A kinetostatic approach applied to the design of a backflip strategy for quadruped robots is proposed in this paper. Inspired by legged animals and taking the advantage of the leg workspace, this strategy provides an optimal design idea for the low-cost quadruped robots to achieve self-recovery after overturning. Through kinetostatic and energy analysis, a four-stepped backflip strategy based on the selected rotation axis with minimum energy is proposed, with a process of selection, lifting, rotating, and protection. The kinematic factors that affect the backflip are investigated, along with the relationship between the design parameters of the leg and trunk being analyzed. At the end of this paper, the strategy is validated by a simulation and experiments with a prototype called DRbot, demonstrating that the strategy endows the robot a strong self-recovery ability in various terrains.
Flexible smart sensor framework for autonomous full-scale structural health monitoring

The demands of aging infrastructure require effective methods for structural monitoring and maintenance. Wireless smart sensors provide an attractive means for structural health monitoring (SHM) through the utilization of onboard computation to achieve distributed data management. Such an approach is scalable to the large number of sensor nodes required for high-fidelity modal analysis and damage detection. While much of the technology associated with smart sensors has been available for nearly a decade, there have been limited numbers of full-scale implementations due to the lack of critical hardware and software elements. This research develops a flexible smart sensor framework for full-scale, autonomous SHM that integrates the necessary software and hardware while addressing key implementation requirements. The Imote2 smart sensor platform is employed herein, providing for the first time the enhanced computation and communication resources that support demanding sensor network applications such as SHM of civil infrastructure. A multimetric Imote2 sensor board with onboard signal processing specifically designed for SHM applications has been designed and validated. Flexible network management software combines a sleep/wake cycle for enhanced power efficiency with threshold detection for triggering network wide operations such as synchronized sensing or decentralized modal analysis. A cable-stayed bridge in South Korea serves as one of the test beds for this effort, both informing and driving system development. This research has resulted in the first autonomous, full-scale implementation of a wireless smart sensor network for structural health monitoring.
Enhancement of microfluidic mixing using harmonic and chaotic electric fields

A novel microfluidic mixing approach is brought up in this study—the streams of species are mixed by applying harmonic or chaotic electric fields to four electrodes in the mixing chamber. For analyzing the effects of the harmonic and chaotic electric fields on the fluid flow characteristics in the microfluidic mixer, as well as evaluating the corresponding mixing performance, several numerical simulations are performed in the pursuit of the two experimental goals mentioned. In the simulation, harmonic and chaotic oscillations in the electric field are modeled by the well-known Duffing equation. Simulation results show that periodic and aperiodic perturbation effects occur within the mixing chamber when harmonic and chaotic electric fields are applied to the electrodes, respectively. These periodic and aperiodic perturbations produce strong perturbation effects, which efficiently mix species.
General Methodology Combining Engineering Optimization of Primary HVAC&R Plants with Decision Analysis Methods—Part II: Uncertainty and Decision Analysis

A companion paper (Jiang and Reddy 2007) presents a general and computationally efficient methodology for dynamic scheduling and optimal control of complex primary HVAC&R plants using a deterministic engineering optimization approach. The objective of this paper is to complement the previous work by proposing a methodology by which the robustness of the optimal deterministic strategy to various sources of uncertainties can be evaluated against non-optimal but risk averse alternatives within a formal decision analysis framework. This specifically involves performing a sensitivity analysis on the effect of various stochastic factors that impact primary HVAC&R plant optimization, such as the uncertainty in load prediction and the uncertainties associated with various component models of the equipment. This is achieved through Monte Carlo simulations on the deterministic outcome, which allow additional attributes, such as its variability and the probability of insufficient cooling, to be determined along with the minimum operating cost. The entire analysis is then repeated for a specific non-optimal but risk-averse operating strategy. Finally, a formal decision analysis model using linear multi-attribute utility functions is suggested for comparing both these strategies in a framework that explicitly models the risk perception of the plant operator in terms of the three attributes. The methodology is demonstrated using the same illustrative case study as the companion paper.
Large building cooling load and energy use estimation

We present a methodology for developing a set of cooling load and energy estimating equations for large commercial buildings. The methodology is developed from parametric simulations on the DOE-2 computer code for any given generic building type and annual weather data file of the location. The equations estimate the annual cooling energy use of a building, its peak cooling load and the sensible cooling load. Correlations are obtained using the concept of the overall thermal transfer value of building envelopes and the number of cooling degree-days in a year. Other key variables include space internal loads, design outdoor-indoor temperature difference, and the global efficiency of chiller plants. The set of simple equations are validated using results obtained from DOE-2 simulations of audited actual buildings. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated system reliability and productive capacity analysis of a production line. A case study for a Chilean mining process

The analysis of a production line requires the consideration of its reliability and productive capacity since they have a direct influence on the expected levels of performance. These factors have an intrinsic stochastic behaviour which must be accounted for in the analysis. This paper proposes an integrated approach based on Monte Carlo simulation which is tested on a case study concerning the production line of a private mining company located in northern Chile. Specifically, the primary, secondary, and tertiary crushing processes are analysed in detail. Actual maintenance and operation data for 16 months of operation are considered in the case study. A tailored simulation model is developed that is able to jointly estimate the reliability and productivity of the process. The integration of these two aspects allows situations in which equipment becomes unavailable to be identified and this can improve business continuity and process productivity.
Automatic License Plate Recognition System

This paper proposed an algorithm for license plate recognition system(LPRS). The vertical edge was first detected by sobel color edge detector. Then, the invalid edge was removed regarding edge density. Next, the license plate(LP) image was converted into HSV color model, and by edge density template and fuzzy color information judgement, the LP region was located. Then, color-reversing judgement and tilt correction was conducted. Afterward, characters were segmented by means of vertical projection and convolution, by which character width and position can be exactly confirmed, and character recognition was conducted based on radial basis function (RBF) neural network. With a lot of samples verified in night hours and daytime under real conditions, the experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve accuracy and effectiveness in LPRS.
Mixed Modulation Method of PWM Inverter by Considering Acceleration Torque and Voltage Saturation for Speed Servo System

The speed servo system of an AC motor should always have a rapid and smooth response without current ripple. For this purpose, this paper proposes a new mixed modulation method of the PWM inverter by considering acceleration torque and voltage saturation. The rapid and robust speed servo system often has the high gain speed controller and the high gain current controller. In this case, this speed servo system often has the voltage saturation in the transient state. This paper discusses the amplitude and THD of output voltage on the condition of voltage saturation for each voltage modulation method of three phase inverter such as the carrier comparison inverter using the two phase modulation (2ph. M) and the space voltage vector modulation (SVM) inverter. The carrier comparison inverter using the 2ph. M has the large voltage with large harmonic current. The SVM inverter has the smooth voltage response with small harmonic current. The proposed method switches over the SVM and the 2ph. M methods properly by considering acceleration torque and voltage saturation. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed mixed modulation method of the PWM inverter.
A Study on Soot and Ash Accumulation Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Filter Substrate Using Nondestructive Computed Radiography X-ray Imaging Technique

The diesel particulate filter of a diesel engine is an after-treatment device that removes particulate matter from exhaust emissions by filtering and oxidating them through a regeneration process. When the diesel particulate filter is damaged, a vehicle inspection is usually performed; if the cause is not found through using on-board diagnostics, then the diesel particulate filter is removed, and a visual test is conducted. However, it is not easy to find the exact cause of the diesel particulate filter being damaged, and a visual test takes a long time as the diesel particulate filter substrate is covered by a canister. In this study, using the computed radiography X-ray imaging technique, X-ray images were taken after placing an accumulated amount of carbon powder, similar to soot and ash powder in the substrate. Results confirmed that carbon powder and ash powder were shown in white in X-ray images, leading to a conclusion that distinguishing between carbon powder and ash powder is possible by analyzing the pixel value through the image processing technique. However, since pixel values alone are insufficient for exact quantitative evaluation, various studies and analyses are necessary for quantitative evaluation.
Examining the Effectiveness of Gamification in Mental Health Apps for Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background Previous research showed that computerized cognitive behavioral therapy can effectively reduce depressive symptoms. Some mental health apps incorporate gamification into their app design, yet it is unclear whether features differ in their effectiveness to reduce depressive symptoms over and above mental health apps without gamification. Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether mental health apps with gamification elements differ in their effectiveness to reduce depressive symptoms when compared to those that lack these elements. Methods A meta-analysis of studies that examined the effect of app-based therapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness, on depressive symptoms was performed. A total of 5597 articles were identified via five databases. After screening, 38 studies (n=8110 participants) remained for data extraction. From these studies, 50 total comparisons between postintervention mental health app intervention groups and control groups were included in the meta-analysis. Results A random effects model was performed to examine the effect of mental health apps on depressive symptoms compared to controls. The number of gamification elements within the apps was included as a moderator. Results indicated a small to moderate effect size across all mental health apps in which the mental health app intervention effectively reduced depressive symptoms compared to controls (Hedges g=–0.27, 95% CI –0.36 to –0.17; P<.001). The gamification moderator was not a significant predictor of depressive symptoms (β=–0.03, SE=0.03; P=.38), demonstrating no significant difference in effectiveness between mental health apps with and without gamification features. A separate meta-regression also did not show an effect of gamification elements on intervention adherence (β=–1.93, SE=2.28; P=.40). Conclusions The results show that both mental health apps with and without gamification elements were effective in reducing depressive symptoms. There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of mental health apps with gamification elements on depressive symptoms or adherence. This research has important clinical implications for understanding how gamification elements influence the effectiveness of mental health apps on depressive symptoms.
Solar Simulator For Characterization Of The Large‐Area HCPV Modules

We report the results on design, manufacturing and test measurements of the solar simulator for high concentration PV systems with aperture area as large as 0.5×1.0 m2. For correct HCPV module characterization, the light source must have an angular divergence similar to that of the sun (±0.27°), and the optical image resembling the sun disc. In the developed simulator, two illumination sources are used in pairs with two collimating silicone‐on‐glass Fresnel lenses. To eliminate the effect of the chromatic aberration and the non‐uniform illumination in the peripheral zones of the measurement plane, the focal distance of each 0.5×0.5 m2 lens was chosen to be as long as 2 m. Square lenses are placed tightly in a plane. Each illumination source consists of two tube‐like flash lamps and a screen with a hole 20 mm in diameter. Behind each of four lamp segments, a continuously operating LED is located for optical alignment of a tested concentrator system before flash illumination. Compact vertical arrangement of.
MOMENT: temporal meta-fact generation and propagation in knowledge graphs

This paper deals with the problem of temporal meta-fact generation in RDF knowledge graphs (KGs). These temporal meta-facts represent the time validity of facts, for instance, is valid for the period [2008.2016]. We propose an approach called MOMENT that combines two methods, the first uses a set of specified rules to generate meta-facts in knowledge bases where no temporal meta-fact exist. The second method exploits existing temporal meta-facts and a set of Horn rules generated by AMIE [9] to propagate the meta-facts and thus expand the set of temporal meta-facts. An experimental evaluation has been conducted using Yago, DBpedia and Wikidata datasets. The obtained results are promising and showed the relevance of such an approach for temporal meta-fact generation in Knowledge Graphs.
A Modular Modeling Approach for the Design of Reconfigurable Machine Tools

A new generation of machine tools called Reconfigurable Machine Tools (RMTs) is emerging as a means for industry to be more competitive in a market that experiences frequent changes in demand. New methodologies and tools are necessary for the efficient design of these machine tools. It is the purpose of this paper to present a modular approach for RMT servo axis modeling, which is part of a larger effort to develop an integrated RMT design and control environment. The components of the machine tool are modeled in a modular way, such that the model of any given configuration can be obtained by assembling the corresponding component models together based on the topology of the machine. The component models are built using the bond graph language that enables the straightforward development of the required modular library. These machine tool models can be used for the evaluation, design and control of the RMT servo axes. The approach is demonstrated through examples, and the benefits and drawbacks of this approach are discussed. The results show that the proposed approach is a promising step towards an automated and integrated RMT design environment, and the challenges in order to complete this goal are discussed.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
An IoT Anomaly Detection Model Based on Artificial Immunity

To resolve the anomaly detection problem in the distributed environment of the Internet of Things (IoT), an artificial immunity-based anomaly detection model for the IoT is proposed in this paper. The proposed model adopts artificial immune mechanisms to recognize anomaly behavior of IoT security threats. It is consisted of Anomaly detection agents (ADA) and Central Service System (CSS). ADA is deployed by the IoT gateway. It collects the initial data of the sense layer of the IoT. It works independently and produces excellent detection elements. It shares its excellent detection elements with the other ones and uploads them to the CSS. Theory analysis shows that the proposed model is able to adapt the local network environment of IoT and improve the anomaly detection ability in the global IoT environment.
Shake table tests of a quarter‐scale three‐storey building model with piezoelectric friction dampers

A previously designed and fabricated friction damper with four piezoelectric actuators was installed on the first storey of a quarter‐scale, three‐storey building model mounted on a shake table. The performance of the damper and a simple semi‐active control strategy were evaluated both numerically and experimentally under four modified earthquake ground motion records of various amplitudes. The seismic effectiveness and adaptability of the algorithm as well as the effect of damper saturation on structural responses were investigated. Numerical simulations agree well with the experimental results. The proposed control strategy not only effectively suppresses the structural vibration, but also is adaptive to varying excitations from weak and strong earthquakes. Experimental results indicate that a piezoelectric friction damper with slight saturation could be advantageous to the seismic mitigation of buildings. However, significant saturation will degrade the performance of the semi‐active control strategy. Further improvement in efficiency of force generation of the proposed device seems feasible to make the device competitive over other representative semi‐active control devices. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Of Forms, Containers, and the Electronic Medical Record: Some Tools for a Sociology of the Formal

Formal tools (i.e., those tools that operate on circumscribed input using rules and that contain a model of the workplace in which they are supposed to function) are attributed central roles in organizing work within many modern workplaces. How should one comprehend the power of these tools? Taking the (electronic) medical record as an example, this article builds on recent calls to overcome the dichotomy between the formal and the informal and proposes an understanding of the generative power of such tools that does not attribute mythical capacities to either tool or human work. To do so, it is important to look both at the history offormal tools and to their real-time use in concrete work practices. These steps toward a sociology of the formal are crucial for a more comprehensive understanding and evaluation offormal systems in practice.
Power-Based Controller for a Bidirectional AC-DC Power Converter

Abstract Through the last three decades, Passivity-Based Control (PBC) has been positioned as an important framework for the control of nonlinear systems, and PBC design has been widely used for controlling switched-mode power converters. In this paper, a power-based controller is derived for the indirect stabilization of the average constant voltage in the dc-side and unity power-factor in the ac-side for the boost full bridge converter. These control objectives are achieved for both the rectifier and the regenerative operating mode, since the AC-DC power converter is operating in bidirectional power flow. Moreover, the approach used here is based on the Brayton-Moser framework which naturally renders the conditions of stability and tuning of control parameters. Simulated result confirm the validity of theoretical design.
Steering and positioning targets for HWIL IR testing at cryogenic conditions

In order to increase the fidelity of hardware-in-the-loop ground-truth testing, it is desirable to create a dynamic scene of multiple, independently controlled IR point sources. ATK-Mission Research has developed and supplied the steering mirror systems for the 7V and 10V Space Simulation Test Chambers at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC), Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC). A portion of the 10V system incorporates multiple target sources beam-combined at the focal point of a 20K cryogenic collimator. Each IR source consists of a precision blackbody with cryogenic aperture and filter wheels mounted on a cryogenic two-axis translation stage. This point source target scene is steered by a high-speed steering mirror to produce further complex motion. The scene changes dynamically in order to simulate an actual operational scene as viewed by the System Under Test (SUT) as it executes various dynamic look-direction changes during its flight to a target. Synchronization and real-time hardware-in-the-loop control is accomplished using reflective memory for each subsystem control and feedback loop. This paper focuses on the steering mirror system and the required tradeoffs of optical performance, precision, repeatability and high-speed motion as well as the complications of encoder feedback calibration and operation at 20K.
Prototype of a diagnostic decision support tool for structural damage in masonry

This prototype of a diagnostic decision support tool for structural damage in traditional masonry is the result of a PhD research project. The research project has aimed to improve and facilitate the diagnostic process by offering support in the initial phase in which hypotheses are generated. The more precise hypotheses are formulated, and the more accurate they are classified, the more effective the further process of verification will be and the greater the probability that the final diagnosis is correct. Based on an extensive literature review of over 500 cases of structural damage, 60 characteristic damage patterns have been identified. For each of these damage patterns, possible causes have been listed. Essential context conditions (in terms of material, geometry, environment and time) allow one to discriminate between these hypotheses. A decision tree helps users determine which of the 60 damage patterns most closely matches the damage they are investigating. All further information on hypotheses and conditions is provided tailored to the selected pattern. For settlement-related damage processes, a separate part gives more details on underlying causes and essential conditions. For more background information on the development of this tool and on the terms used in it, the reader is referred to the PhD thesis ‘Structural damage in masonry: Developing diagnostic decision support’ (ISBN: 978-90-8570-759-2). Under: http://resolver.tudelft. nl/uuid:ced08aa2-c2e8-4aa8-9559-870bf12d5ba5