ANTIBIOGRAM AND OCCURRENCE RATE OF BACTERIA RECOVERED FROM PATEINTS ATTENDING A FERTILITY CLINIC IN ABEOKUTA, NIGERIA

Infertility is a growing problem in Sub-Saharan Africa with its attendant Medical and social problems. Our study is designed to examine the Microbial pattern of Urogenital specimen of patients attending a fertility clinic in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Three hundred and six patients attending the Federal Medical Center Abeokuta, fertility clinic were recruited for the study, comprising 108 males and 198 females. Samples collected were semen samples from male patients and Endocervical swab samples from female patients, pregnant female patients were excluded from the study. All samples were processed following standard Microbiological protocols and antibiotic susceptibility was done by disc diffusion following the Kirby-Bauer technique. Semen samples were assessed for Morphology and sperm concentration following standard protocols. An overall isolation rate of (17.8%) was obtained for all samples processed. A total of 306 subjects were recruited consisting of 108(35.3%) male subjects and 198(64.7%) female subjects, with an isolation rate of 48(56.5%) for bacteria and 37(43.5%) for fungi (Candida albicans). Male subjects gave an isolation rate of 15(17.6%) and females 33(68.8%) for bacteria and 37(100.0%) for Candida albicans. It showed that Candida albicans (43.5%) was the only fungal isolates recovered in this study. The isolation rate of various bacteria species showed that Escherichia coli 22(45.8%) was the most predominant, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 12(25.0%), Staphylococcus aureus 7(14.6%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5(10.4%). Proteus mirabilis 1(2.1%) and Enterococcus feacalis 1(2.1%) was least prevalent. Isolation rate of isolates by pus cell size was 68(80.0%) for normal pus cell size and 17(20.0%) for large pus cell size. Enterococcus feacalis was not isolated from sperm with normal pus cell size. Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was not isolated from sperm with large pus cell size. Azoospermia constituted 46.3% of male subjects tested, Oligozoospermia recorded 13.9% and 39.8% of subjects had normal sperm count. Bacteria isolations were highest in Azoospermic subjects with a rate of 59.3% and lowest in Oligozoospermic subjects with 6.7%. Antibiotic susceptibility showed a high activity for Ofloxacin 74.7% and Ciprofloxacin 72.7%, Tetracycline also displayed a high level of activity 72.3%, there was high level of resistance to Cefuroxime, and others showed average susceptibility. Our study shows a high bacteria isolation rate in patients attending fertility clinic at Abeokuta and a broad diversity of organisms in urogenital specimen, therefore better attention needs to be paid to detection and treatment of all forms of urogenital infections in couples attending fertility clinics in our environment. [Ogiogwa I. O. , Motayo B. O. , Nwanze J.C. , Onoh C.C. , Adeniji F.O. , Okerentugba P.O. , Okonko I.O. ANTIBIOGRAM AND OCCURRENCE RATE OF BACTERIA RECOVERED FROM PATEINTS ATTENDING A FERTILITY CLINIC IN ABEOKUTA, NIGERIA. Nature and Science 2012;10(4):27-31]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub. net/nature. 5