Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Female Solo Self-Employment in Germany: The Role of Transitions and Learning From a Life Course Perspective

Based on a qualitative analysis of 12 solo self-employed women’s work biographies, this article investigates the (re)structuring effects of solo self-employment on the professional and private lives of women in Germany in their mid- and late-career stages. While solo self-employment has been gaining significance in the German labour market in the last two decades, it is largely an underresearched subject from the perspective of female labour market participation. Our study shows that the transition to working solo self-employed constitutes a marked break in female work biographies with lasting restructuring effects on their life courses. Constituting a deviation from the female standard life course, this move can be understood as a coping strategy of biographical discontinuities, which translates into specific patterns against the background that women (still) assume most of the care and housework responsibilities. How the transition to solo self-employment is being prepared and managed and what role learning and risk management play in the transition process is the focus of our article. Our aim is to better understand the underlining rationalisation logics of female solo self-employment in terms of labour market participation, reconciling work and family life, and professional self-realisation. While in the German welfare system solo self-employed bear higher risks of precarity and financial old age insecurity, solo self-employment is functional as an individual strategy for action, giving women the opportunity to do justice to their (mid) life courses and intrinsic needs to pursue both professional work and freedom of choice when and how to work. This may act as a corrective for gender inequalities in the world of work, especially when it comes to working in a self-determined way.
Advances in Automated Algorithms For Morphological Classification of Galaxies Based on Shape Features

Among the many celestial objects in the universe, galaxies offer insights as to how the universe was formed and is continuing to develop. The morphological classification of galaxies is important just for this reason. The challenge lies in classifying the estimated billions of galaxies that are in the universe, a very small amount of which are now being studied by various sky survey like the Hubble Deep Field and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The automated procedure described here uses an image enhancing technique, segmentation, shape feature extraction and a supervised artificial neural network to classify the galaxies. When trained to classify galaxies as E/S0 or S, the network is able to learn 98.3% of the galaxies correctly and identify 89.9% of galaxy images in a test set. The major challenge is in the development of robust and automated segmentation schemes. With manually threshold images and Difference Boosting Neutral Networks we were able to achieve considerable success in developing a supervised classifier capable of sorting galaxies into subclasses.
Towards personalized environment‐aware outdoor gait analysis using a smartphone

Automatic gait analysis in free‐living environments using inertial sensors requires individualized approach as local acceleration and velocity profiles vary with the walker and the topological properties of the environment (e.g., walking in the forest vs. walking on sand). Here, we propose a smartphone‐based gait assessment architecture which consists of two data processing modules. The first module employs a set of personalized classifiers for automatic recognition of the walking environment. The second module provides accurate step time estimates by selecting the optimal filtering frequency tailored to the predicted environment. The performance of the architecture was evaluated using experimental data collected from 10 participants walking in 10 different conditions typically encountered during daily living. Compared with ground truth data, the architecture successfully recognized the walking environments; the percentage of correctly classified instances was above 92%. It also estimated step time with high accuracy; the mean absolute error was less than 10 ms, outperforming or at the very least matching the performance levels achieved in controlled laboratory trials (indoor flat surface walking). Compared with using one filtering frequency for all environments, using optimal frequency tailored to each environment reduced step time estimation error by more than 39%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which successfully demonstrates that parameter tuning can improve gait characterization in outdoor environments. However, further research using a larger data set (including more participants with varying demographics and degree of impairment) is needed to confirm this result. Our findings highlight the importance of environment‐aware gait analysis, and lay the groundwork for a smartphone‐based technology that can be used in the community.
Role of perceived organizational support in cross-cultural adjustment: A mediating career satisfaction model

Abstract Previous researches were focused on assigned expatriates (AEs) and their cross-cultural adjustment (CCA) and their perks and incentives. Self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) employees are self-made and mostly neglected pool of talent and mostly based from individual perspective. The purpose of this paper is to test the impact of perceived organizational support (POS) on CCA of SIEs employees mediated by career satisfaction (CS) of SIEs employees. We conducted mediation analysis on 124 SIEs working in USA, and result supported our proposed model. It shows that there is positive effect of POS on CCA and CS. And POS also shows positive indirect effect on CCA through CS. Further we discussed the implication and limitation of this study.
Synthesis of unilateral radiators

A radiator is typically a parabolic mirror illuminated by an electromagnetic source, or a cylindrical transducer of resonant vibrations. Both of these devices are designed to radiate either a beam of parallel rays or a (focused) beam that converges to a point or a line. Consequently, at the worst, the radiation pattern is largely restricted to a {\it half space}, and at the best, to a cone or cylinder-like subspace of this half space. Such devices can therefore be termed unilateral radiators. This study is devoted to the synthesis of the sources that can give rise to such radiation, the underlying motivation being the removal of the material presence of the mirror or transducer casing from which waves coming from other boundaries could reflect or diffract.
The Maximum Likelihood and the Nonlinear Three-Stage Least Squares Estimator in the General Nonlinear Simultaneous Equation Model

The consistency and the asymptotic normality of the maximum likelihood estimator in the general nonlinear simultaneous equation model are proved. It is shown that the proof depends on the assumption of normality, unlike in the linear simultaneous equation model. It is proved that the maximum likelihood estimator is asymptotically more efficient than the nonlinear three-stage least squares estimator if the specification is correct. However, the latter has the advantage of being consistent even when the normality assumption is removed. Hausman's instrumental-variable interpretation of the maximum likelihood estimator is extended to the general nonlinear simultaneous equation model. WE OBTAIN THE ASYMPTOTIC PROPERTIES of the maximum likelihood estimator in the general nonlinear simultaneous equation model and compare them with those of the nonlinear three-stage least squares estimator in this paper. The main results are the following: 1. The proof of the consistency and the symptotic normality of the maximum likelihood estimator in the general nonlinear simultaneous equation model crucially depends on the assumption of normality of the error term, unlike in the linear case. 2. The maximum likelihood estimator is asymptotically more efficient than the nonlinear three-stage least squares estimator if the specification is correct, but it is less robust because the latter is consistent even when the normality assumption is removed. 3. All the third-order derivatives can be asymptotically ignored either in the iterative method for obtaining the maximum likelihood estimator or in the computation of the asymptotic variance-covariance matrix. 4. Hausman's iteration method for the computation of the maximum likelihood estimator in the linear case (see Hausman [3]) is generalized to the nonlinear case. In contrast with the linear case, it does not produce an asymptotically efficient second round estimator even if the initial estimator is consistent, but as in the linear case, it illustrates the similarity and the difference between the maximum likelihood and the nonlinear three-stage least squares estimator.
Classroom practices and peer social status in junior high school

This study investigates the association between classroom practices and individual social status outcomes in junior high. A nested design using 678 grade 7 and 8 students in 38 classrooms showed that classroom practices are associated with peer social status. Classrooms rated high on instruction were associated with a decreased probability of students with rejected status. In contrast, classrooms rated high on atmosphere and student engagement were associated with an increased probability of students with rejected and popular status. Student perceptions of classrooms revealed that social comparison was associated with an increased probability of students with both rejected and popular status, while competition was associated with an increased probability of students with popular status. Results inform intervention programs that target the peer ecology of the classroom by raising teachers’ awareness of the intersection between pedagogical practices and student social status among peers.
Fracmemristor Oscillator: Fractional-Order Memristive Chaotic Circuit

In this paper, the Fractional-Order Memristive Chaotic Circuit (FMCC) is proposed to be achieved by the fracmemristor, which is a portmanteau of “fractional-order” and “memristor”. Considering the unique fingerprints and nonlinearities of fracmemristors, it is natural to ponder a challenging theoretical problem to generalize the Integer-Order Memristive Chaotic Circuit (IMCC) to the FMCC. Motivated by this inspiration, the paper proposes an FMCC by replacing the diode in Chua’s chaotic circuit with a fracmemristor and a negative resistor in parallel. To simplify analysis, a new Cubic Nonlinear Voltage-Controlled Capacitive Ladder Scaling Fracmemristor (CVCLF) is proposed to implement the FMCC. New fingerprints are found in the CVCLF. Compared with the IMCC, dynamical behaviors of the FMCC are not only related to circuit parameters and initial conditions, but also related to the circuit stage and the operational order. The FMCC provides two extra degrees of freedom. Numerical simulations and hardware experiments demonstrate that the FMCC has multistability, transient chaos, state transition phenomena, etc. A significant advantage of the FMCC is that it possesses the fractional-order-sensitivity characteristic, which represents its dynamical behaviors change with the operational order. The proposed FMCC is the first application of fracmemristors in chaos.
Metal-polymer nanocomposite with stable plasmonic tuning under cyclic strain conditions

We report the fabrication and characterization of stretchable nanocomposite films with mechanically tunable surface plasmon resonance. The films have been produced by implantation in a Polydimethylsiloxane substrate of neutral gold nanoparticles aerodynamically accelerated in a supersonic expansion. Optical absorption spectroscopy shows that uniaxial stretching of the nanocomposite induce a reversible redshift of the plasmon peak up to 180 nm from the peak wavelength of the non-stretched sample. The range of the plasmon peak shift depends upon the density of implanted nanoparticles. The optical behavior of the nanocomposite evolves upon cyclical stretching due to the rearrangement of the nanoparticles in the elastomeric matrix. We have identified the fabrication and post-deposition treatment conditions to stabilize the plasmonic shift upon cyclical stretching in order to obtain robust and large area nanocomposites with tunable and reproducible optical properties over a wide visible wavelength range.
Optimization of Conditions for Feather Waste Biodegradation by Geophilic Trichophyton ajelloi Fungal Strains towards Further Agricultural Use

The aim of the study was to optimize culture conditions and medium composition to accelerate the biodegradation of chicken feather waste by keratinolytic soil strains of Trichophyton ajelloi, which are poorly known in this respect, as well as to propose hitherto unconsidered culture conditions for these fungi in order to obtain a biopreparation with a high fertilization value. Different pH of the medium, incubation temperatures, amounts of chicken feathers, additional carbon sources, and culture methods were tested. The process of optimizing keratin biodegradation was evaluated in terms of measuring the activity of keratinase, protease, disulfide reductase, concentration of released soluble proteins and peptides, total pool of amino acids, ammonium and sulfate ions, changes in medium pH, and feather weight loss. It was found that the studied fungal strains were capable of decomposing and mineralizing keratin from feather waste. Regarding the fertilizer value of the obtained hydrolysates, it was shown that the release of sulfate and ammonium ions was highest in a stationary culture containing 2% feathers with an initial pH of 4.5 and a temperature of 28 °C. Days 14–21 of the culture were indicated as the optimal culture time for these fungi to obtain biopreparations of high fertilizing value.
Revealing the Role of Social Support on Cognitive Deficits in Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Despite the relevance of cognitive deficits in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and the attempts to elucidate the influence of the disorder symptoms in the cognitive decline reported by patients, no studies have explored the specific role of social support on cognition in FMS. Social support has been shown to be an essential modulator factor on cognitive performance in other diseases. Sixty-four women with FMS and 32 healthy women participated in the study and completed questionnaires pertaining to anxiety, depression, fatigue, insomnia, clinical pain, and social support, along with a neuropsychological battery assessing verbal memory, organization, strategic and planning abilities, self-regulation, processing speed, attention, and cognitive flexibility. Results showed that FMS patients exhibited lower values in all social support dimensions in comparison with healthy individuals, especially in the socializing dimension. Despite the lower social support observed in FMS, all social support dimensions showed a positive impact on verbal memory, organization and planning abilities, strategic planning, self-regulation, processing speed, attention, and cognitive flexibility in these patients. In fact, social support was associated with greater correct responses and processing speed and minor number of errors in all the neuropsychological battery tests. Socializing was the main predictor of organization and planning abilities, strategic planning, and self-regulation. In sum, results suggest that social support may be a key factor in buffering the cognitive decline observed in FMS. Designing psychoeducation programs and intervention programs directed not only to FMS patients but also relatives, health care workers, and the general population might be essential to improve the social support of FMS patients and positively impact on patient's cognitive status.
An information-spectrum approach to rate-distortion function with side information

We describe an information-spectrum approach to rate-distortion function with side information at the decoder for the general class of nonstationary and/or nonergodic sources, where the distortion measure is arbitrary and may be nonadditive. We establish a general formula for the rate-distortion function of the Wyner-Ziv problem (1976) for the general sources with the maximum distortion criterion under fixed-rate coding.
Proofs and types

Sense, denotation and semantics natural deduction the Curry-Howard isomorphism the normalisation theorem Godel's system T coherence spaces denotational semantics of T sums in natural deduction system F coherence semantics of the sum cut elimination (Hauptsatz) strong normalisation for F representation theorem semantics of System F what is linear logic?
Performance of cough monitoring by Albus Home, a contactless and automated system for nocturnal respiratory monitoring at home

Introduction Objective cough frequency is a key clinical end-point but existing wearable monitors are limited to 24-h recordings. Albus Home uses contactless motion, acoustic and environmental sensors to monitor multiple metrics, including respiratory rate and cough without encroaching on patient lifestyle. The aim of this study was to evaluate measurement characteristics of nocturnal cough monitoring by Albus Home compared to manual counts. Methods Adults with respiratory conditions underwent overnight monitoring using Albus Home in their usual bedroom environments. Participants set-up the plug-and-play device themselves. For reference counts, each audio recording was counted by two annotators, and cough defined as explosive phases audio-visually labelled by both. In parallel, recordings were processed by a proprietary Albus system, comprising a deep-learning algorithm with a human screening step for verifying or excluding occasional events that mimic cough. Performance of the Albus system in detecting individual cough events and reporting hourly cough counts was compared against reference counts. Results 30 nights from 10 subjects comprised 375 hours of recording. Mean±sd coughs per night were 90±76. Coughs per hour ranged from 0 to 129. Albus counts were accurate across hours with high and low cough frequencies, with median sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values of 94.8, 100.0, 99.1 and 100.0%, respectively. Agreement between Albus and reference was strong (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.99; 95% CI 0.99–0.99; p<0.001) and equivalent to agreement between observers and reference counts (ICC 0.98 and 0.99, respectively). Conclusions Albus Home provides a unique, contactless and accurate system for cough monitoring, enabling collection of high-quality and potentially clinically relevant longitudinal data. The Albus Home respiratory monitoring solution provides an accurate system for nocturnal cough monitoring validated against manual cough counts. This contactless device enables reliable nightly monitoring for as long as required without adding burden. https://bit.ly/3C9ErGQ
Chatbot-based Information Service using RASA Open-Source Framework in Prambanan Temple Tourism Object

The pandemic has caused a shift in the tourism industry's drive towards comprehensive digitization. This approach is used to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus. The impact of Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) limiting the mobility of tourists who will vacation in Indonesia causes losses and foreign exchange earnings of the state in the tourism industry sector of 20.7 billion. So, to survive in the current situation, industry players must be able to adapt and rise by providing more effective innovations. This study aims to develop a Question Answering System or a digital question and answer system using a chatbot (ChatterBot). The chatbot is used as an information service provider that can make it easier for tourists who are looking for information about tourist attractions. Chatbot-based information service systems can work 24 hours or all day, reducing the intensity of direct physical contact with officers and saving operational costs. The chatbot implementation is built on the Machine Learning Framework using RASA Open Source with the Python programming language. The knowledge base of the chatbot system is trained based on the FAQ (Frequently Asking Question) dataset with a case study of the Prambanan Temple tourist attraction as a sample of Indonesian tourism. The results of the evaluation and system performance based on data testing obtained the level of model accuracy is 0.91. Furthermore, the weighted average value in the Confusion Matrix produces a precision of 0.97, a recall of 0.94, and an F1-score of 0.95. The training and testing model processes locally using the Visual Studio Code software.
Viral Metagenomics for the Identification of Emerging Infections in Clinical Samples with Inconclusive Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya Viral Amplification

Viral metagenomics is increasingly being used for the identification of emerging and re-emerging viral pathogens in clinical samples with unknown etiology. The objective of this study was to shield light on the metavirome composition in clinical samples obtained from patients with clinical history compatible with an arboviral infection, but that presented inconclusive results when tested using RT-qPCR. The inconclusive amplification results might be an indication of the presence of an emerging arboviral agent that is inefficiently amplified by conventional PCR techniques. A total of eight serum samples with inconclusive amplification results for the routinely tested arboviruses—dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and Chikungunya (CHIKV) obtained during DENV and CHIKV outbreaks registered in the state of Alagoas, Northeast Brazil between July and August 2021—were submitted to metagenomic next-generation sequencing assay using NextSeq 2000 and bioinformatic pipeline for viral discovery. The performed bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence of two arboviruses: DENV type 2 (DENV-2) and CHIKV with a high genome coverage. Further, the metavirome of those samples revealed the presence of multiple commensal viruses apparently without clinical significance. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the DENV-2 genome belonged to the Asian/American genotype and clustered with other Brazilian strains. The identified CHIKV genome was taxonomically assigned as ECSA genotype, which is circulating in Brazil. Together, our results reinforce the utility of metagenomics as a valuable tool for viral identification in samples with inconclusive arboviral amplification. Viral metagenomics is one of the most potent methods for the identification of emerging arboviruses.