Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal switching counts modulation of H7 current source inverter

The current source inverter (CSI) has some application restrictions, especially for the power efficiency problem. The H7 current source inverter is a promising topology since it provides a shunt-connected switching path and significantly reduce the power dissipation. This paper reviews the already published H7 CSI configuration character with its modulation strategy in theory and proposes an optimal modulation scheme which has the minimized hard switching counts. In addition, the grid-tied operational principle has been discussed. The proposed modulation strategy could reduce the working power dissipation, simplify the configuration of the shunt-connected switch, and meanwhile guarantee the zero current switching ability for the rear-end CSI circuitry. The switching counts and hardware cost are compared between the different modulation schemes to prove the superiority of the proposed optimal switching counts modulation strategy. The simulation and experimental results verified the theoretical findings.
CRM1-Mediated Nuclear Export Is Present During Porcine Embryogenesis, but Is Not Required for Early Cleavage1

Abstract Regulated movement of cellular factors between the cytoplasm and nucleus is required for fundamental cellular processes ranging from cell cycle control to transcriptional regulation. CRM1 is a nuclear export factor whose function is to actively transport nuclear cargos that bear nuclear export sequences to the cytoplasm. Because CRM1 likely plays a role in the intracellular regulation of many cellular processes, we set out to characterize CRM1 function during early mammalian embryogenesis. A series of embryo culture experiments that employed a specific inhibitor of CRM1, leptomycin B, indicated that CRM1 function is not required for development until after the 4-cell stage of porcine embryo development. Immunolocalization of CRM1 in fixed embryos revealed that CRM1 is localized in a unique pattern during the period of time when the embryo does not have a developmental requirement for CRM1. Despite these findings, a microinjection assay showed that CRM1 function persists during this period of development. This demonstrates that although CRM1 is present in a functional form throughout mammalian embryo development, its function is not required for early cleavage.
An Application of Critical Trajectory Method to BCU Problem for Transient Stability Studies

This paper proposes a new method for obtaining controlling unstable equilibrium point (CUEP) for transient stability analysis in electric power systems. A minimization problem is formulated to attain CUEP by applying the critical trajectory (CTrj) method to the boundary controlling unstable equilibrium point (BCU) method. CTrj method is a unique approach proposed by the authors to obtain critical condition for transient stability problem. The Proposed method simultaneously computes a trajectory on the stability boundary starting from the exit point reaching CUEP. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through simulations for various systems.
Predictive Control and Stabilization of a Formation of Quadrotors Filming in Dark Conditions

The aim of this work is to design the system for autonomous stabilization of a formation of multi-rotor helicopters for the cooperative Ąlming in dark conditions. The leader-follower approach and the model predictive control on receding horizon are applied for this purpose. The formation consists of one multi-rotor helicopter carrying a camera and the arbitrary number of multi-rotors carrying light sources. The leaderfollower scheme is proposed in the way, that it is suitable for two lighting techniques Three point lighting and Strong side lighting. The proposed system also deals with the collision avoidance and take into account other constraints to provide feasible trajectories and good quality of acquired videos or photos. The system and its modiĄcations, which are also presented in this work, are veriĄed in numerous simulation experiments and one real experiment conducted in modeled outdoor environment.
Anthropogenic CO2 Uptake by the Ocean Based on the Global Chlorofluorocarbon Data Set

We estimated the oceanic inventory of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) from 1980 to 1999 using a technique based on the global chlorofluorocarbon data set. Our analysis suggests that the ocean stored 14.8 petagrams of anthropogenic carbon from mid-1980 to mid-1989 and 17.9 petagrams of carbon from mid-1990 to mid-1999, indicating an oceanwide net uptake of 1.6 and 2.0 ± 0.4 petagrams of carbon per year, respectively. Our results provide an upper limit on the solubility-driven anthropogenic CO2 flux into the ocean, and they suggest that most ocean general circulation models are overestimating oceanic anthropogenic CO2 uptake over the past two decades.
Response of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Wind Energy Conversion System in dynamic situations-wind, grid and converter perturbations

This paper deals with the behavior of the Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Wind Energy Conversion System under forced dynamic circumstances, such as sudden wind speed changes-gusts, harmonically distorted grid voltage and open-circuit fault in power electronic converters. An analysis of these phenomena and fault diagnosis based on Fast Fourier Transformation method has been carried out via simulation using a system of 2 MW.
SPECIES‐WIDE POPULATION STRUCTURE IN A SOUTHEASTERN U.S. FRESHWATER FISH, HETERANDRIA FORMOSA: GENE FLOW AND BIOGEOGRAPHY

The phylogeography of the freshwater fish fauna of the southeastern United States has almost achieved paradigm status in evolutionary biology (Avise 1992), and the major geographic features responsible for shaping species distributions are well‐characterized. Nevertheless, variation among species in distributions of allele or haplotype frequencies suggests that species‐specific processes (e.g., migration) may also play a role in establishing those distributions. There has also been relatively little investigation into how population structure may differ among subregions in the Southeast, for example, on the Florida peninsula versus the U.S. mainland to the northwest and/or northeast. The geology of the peninsula is such that both physical and biotic fluctuations may have been (and still be) particularly important in establishing the population structure of freshwater taxa. This possibility leads to two interesting questions in population genetics. (1) Does gene flow in freshwater species of the region better approximate a one‐ or two‐dimensional pattern? (2) Are populations on the peninsula farther from migration‐genetic drift equilibrium than their counterparts on the mainland? These questions were addressed by examining the population strucuture of a livebearing fish, Heterandria formosa; several features of the biology of the species make it particularly likely that recent gene flow has been important in its evolution. I surveyed electrophoretic variation in 34 populations distributed throughout the species range. The phylogeographic patterns observed are in general concordance with those found in other species, although with some differences. A two‐dimensional hypothesis of gene flow on the Florida peninsula better explains the data than does a one‐dimensional one. There is no evidence that populations on the peninsula are farther from migration‐drift equilibrium than those to the northwest. Populations in the northeast have lower genetic diversity than those to the south and west and show no isolation by distance; those results are consistent with a recent range expansion into the northeast, although smaller historical effective population sizes could also explain the pattern.
Identification of RUNX1 as a Mediator of Aberrant Retinal Angiogenesis

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a common cause of blindness in the developed world’s working adult population and affects those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We identified Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) as a gene upregulated in CD31+ vascular endothelial cells obtained from human PDR fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) via transcriptomic analysis. In vitro studies using human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) showed increased RUNX1 RNA and protein expression in response to high glucose, whereas RUNX1 inhibition reduced HRMEC migration, proliferation, and tube formation. Immunohistochemical staining for RUNX1 showed reactivity in vessels of patient-derived FVMs and angiogenic tufts in the retina of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy, suggesting that RUNX1 upregulation is a hallmark of aberrant retinal angiogenesis. Inhibition of RUNX1 activity with the Ro5–3335 small molecule resulted in a significant reduction of neovascular tufts in oxygen-induced retinopathy, supporting the feasibility of targeting RUNX1 in aberrant retinal angiogenesis.
Purification and characterization of alkaline chitinase from Paenibacillus pasadenensis NCIM 5434

An alkaline chitinase was purified from the bacterium Paenibacillus pasadenensis NCIM 5434 isolated from alkaline littoral soil of Lonar Lake. The chitinase was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by DEAE cellulose column chromatography. Enzyme was purified by 8.87 folds with 24.96% yield. Molecular characterization through SDS–PAGE analysis showed that it has molecular weight of about ∼35 kDa. The enzyme kinetics studies of purified chitinase revealed the following characteristics, Km 6.25 mg ml−1 and Vmax 434.78 µM for colloidal chitin as a substrate. The chitinase showed optimum pH 10 and temperature 37 °C. The enzyme exhibited significant activity up to 3% salt concentration, indicating saline nature. Its activity was enhanced with calcium, potassium and magnesium; whereas copper and mercury were found to be inhibitory. Since, it showed antifungal activity against Penicillium and Aspergillus, it could be used as powerful biocontrol agent.
The developmental, noduligenic, and tumorigenic potentials of transplanted mammary glands and primary ducts from C3H mice previously fed a phenylalanine-deficient diet.

Summary This paper reports the developmental, noduligenic, and tumorigenic capabilities of transplanted mammary glands and primary ducts from C3H/Crgl mice previously fed a phenylalanine-deficient diet. The donor mice had been previously fed various levels of phenylalanine, and one-half of them had been stimulated with pituitary isografts. All were 24 to 25 weeks old, had been on the dietary regimens since they were 5 weeks old, and had not developed nodules. The host mice were virgin female C3H/Crgl mice. Each host mouse received a primary duct transplant in each of its gland-free inguinal fat pads, a whole-gland transplant, and a pituitary isograft under the left kidney capsule. After 12 weeks of stimulation, the pituitary isograft was destroyed. Five weeks later, the mice were sacrificed, and the host glands and transplants were examined for the presence of nodules and tumors. Nodules were present in the mammary glands of all of the host mice, in all of the normal outgrowths from the primary duct transplants, and in all but two of the whole-gland transplants. The transplanted mammary glands and primary duct outgrowths were well developed and resembled the host glands. Mammary tumors occurred in 14% of the transplants but in none of the host glands. These results show that the developmental, the noduligenic, and tumorigenic capabilities of the donor mammary glands were not permanently impaired by a phenylalanine-deficient diet.
Orally Administered Combined Regimens for Treatment of Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection in Mice

ABSTRACT Eight weeks of treatment with rifampin-streptomycin sterilizes Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in mice. Because the bactericidal activity against M. ulcerans of the combination rifampin-moxifloxacin, rifampin-clarithromycin, or moxifloxacin-clarithromycin was similar to that of rifampin-streptomycin, these combinations might be considered as alternative, orally administered combined regimens for treatment of Buruli ulcer in humans.
Design for reliability - a Reliability Engineering Framework

More and more, reliability is seen as a key differentiator in an extremely competitive globalized market. Recent examples from the automotive sector illustrate very well how serious the impact from field problems can be, more in particular when safety risks are possibly involved: liability claims, recall actions, negative effect on the market share of a brand and so on. But how to match the growing pressure to shorten the product development cycle with reliability targets as no early failures in the field during the warranty period, a low intrinsic failure rate during the useful life of e.g. 10 years and wear out only beyond the useful life of the product? To deal with this, a Reliability Engineering Framework is described consisting of 3 layers: a process layer, a tools layer and a managerial layer. This framework allows mitigating potential reliability risks at early phases of the product development so that the development time can be decreased considerably.
Stigma towards mental illness and substance use issues in primary health care: Challenges and opportunities for Latin America

ABSTRACT Stigma towards mental illness and addictive disorders is a global problem and one of the main obstacles in tackling this issue remains the effective integration of mental health services into primary health care (PHC). In Latin America, information has significantly increased on the existence of stigma; however, little is known about effective interventions to prevent stigma and promote recovery-oriented practices in PHC. The aim of this study is to understand the existing evidence regarding mental health stigma in PHC with a special focus on the Latin American region. A scoping review of the literature related to mental health stigma in PHC was conducted. Two hundred and seventeen articles were evaluated; 74 met inclusion criteria and 14 additional articles were selected from references of search results. Results were subdivided into five different perspectives: users, family members and significant others, health professionals, contextual factors, and potential effective interventions. Only nine studies were based in Latin America, and only one described an intervention to reduce stigma in mental health services, not specifically in PHC. We found an urgent need to develop interventions to understand and reduce stigma in PHC settings, especially in Latin America.
Root growth is modulated by differential hormonal sensitivity in neighboring cells

A key question in biology is how the final size of an organism is set. Coherent plant growth requires spatial integration of hormonal signaling and cell wall remodeling activities, yet little is known about how these pathways are coordinated. Fridman et al. uncover the mechanism by which hormonal perturbation in two types of epidermal root cells, hair and nonhair cells, impacts whole root growth. The results suggest that the relative spatial distribution of brassinosteroid hormone receptor BRI1, and not its absolute level, fine-tunes growth, thus providing a new concept in hormone-mediated growth control.
Identifying the links between obesity, insulin resistance and β‐cell function: potential role of adipocyte‐derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

A combination of insulin resistance and pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction underlies most cases of type 2 diabetes. While the interplay of these two impairments is believed to be important in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, the mechanisms involved are unclear. A number of factors have been suggested as possibly linking insulin resistance and β‐cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) have deleterious effects on both glucose homeostasis and β‐cell function, and can disrupt insulin signalling pathways in both pancreatic β cells and liver and adipose tissue. The anti‐inflammatory activity of the thiazolidinedione anti‐diabetic agents is potentially beneficial, given the possible role of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in linking insulin resistance with β‐cell dysfunction.
Force sensing, low-cost manipulator in mobile robotics

The ability to sense tactile feedback is important for many robotic grasping and manipulating tasks. However, common force sensors are expensive. Therefore, we investigate various force measuring principles and review existing sensor concepts for mobile robotic applications. The results lead to a concept of a low-cost, two-finger manipulator with force sensing ability using embedded hall sensors in flexible material. The gripper is produced by rapid prototyping. A calibration method is presented. Furthermore, we evaluate and present the idle state, local sensitivity, and material influence of the two-finger manipulator. As a result, it is possible to successfully handle sensitive objects with the sensitive areas of the fingers, although a bias was measures while handling ferromagnetic materials. With a priori knowledge of the objects, this effect can be compensated.
Cyclic AMP-mediated Regulation of Transcription Factor Lot1 Expression in Cerebellar Granule Cells*

Lot1, a zinc finger transcription factor acting as a tumor suppressor gene on tumoral cells, is highly expressed during brain development. In developing rat cerebellum, Lot1 expression is high in cerebellar granule cells (CGC), a neuronal population undergoing postnatal neurogenesis. The time course of Lot1 cerebellar expression closely matches the expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) receptors coupled to adenylyl cyclase. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether Lot1 expression is regulated by cAMP-dependent pathways and to identify mechanisms of Lot1 activation in CGC cultures. Our results show that Lot1 expression in CGC is cAMP-dependent, as treatments with either forskolin or PACAP-38 induced an increase in its expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. This effect on Lot1 expression was mimicked by dibutyryl cAMP and suppressed by protein kinase A and MEK inhibitors. In parallel, we found that treatments with forskolin and PACAP-38 in precursor CGC inhibited bromodeoxyuridine incorporation by 25 and 35%, respectively, indicating a negative effect on neuronal precursor proliferation. Luciferase reporter analysis and mutagenesis of the Lot1 promoter region indicated a crucial role of the AP1-binding site (located at -268 bp) in cAMP-induced Lot1 transcription. In addition, cotransfection experiments indicated that the c-Fos/c-Jun heterodimer is responsible for cAMP-dependent Lot1 transcriptional activation. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that, in CGC, Lot1 is under the transcriptional control of cAMP through an AP1 site regulated by the c-Fos/c-Jun heterodimer and suggest that this gene may be an important element of the cAMP-mediated pathway that regulates neuronal proliferation through the protein kinase A-MEK signaling cascade.
CoCoA 2 : Online Markup Based Collaborative Learning Environment in a Networked Writing Classroom

CoCoA (Commutative Collection Assistant System) developed for supporting students and teachers to exchange online marked-up documents via email. Its environment is very similar to a real one in which people use paper and pen. In order to effectively reuse marked-up digital documents created with CoCoA, this paper proposes a computer supported proofreading exercise environment called CoCoA2. CoCoA2 can reduce the overload of the teacher, and it can make composition learning more effective. CoCoA2 has been developed and used it experimentally.
D-glucose Increases the Synthesis of Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

Summary Physical and chemical irritation of the peritoneum through glucose-based hyperosmolar dialysis solutions results in a nonbacterial serositis with fibrinous exudation. Thereby, human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMC) play an important role in maintaining the balance between the peritoneal generation and degradation of fibrin by expressing the fibrinolytic enzyme tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) as well as the specific plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). In this study, we analyzed the effect of D-glucose and metabolically inert monosaccharides on the synthesis of t-PA and PAI-1 in cultured HMC. Incubation of HMC with D-glucose or the metabolically inert monosaccharides mannitol and L-glucose (5-90 mM) resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent increase in t-PA mRNA expression and antigen secretion without affecting PAI-1 synthesis. A similar effect was evident when HMC were first exposed sequentially to pooled spent peritoneal dialysis effluent for up to 4 hours, and subsequently incubated for 20 hours in control medium. The stimulating effect of high D-glucose on t-PA expression in HMC was prevented by treating the cells with different protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (Ro 31-8220, Gö 6976), but could not be mimicked by the PKC-activating phorbol ester PMA, indicating that this effect of high glucose is dependent on PKC activity, but not mediated through PKC activation. Also, using specific inhibitors (PD 98059, SB 203580) and activators (PMA, anisomycin, IL-1α) of the major routes of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) cascade, we found no evidence for a role of this cascade in regulating t-PA expression in HMC. We conclude that hyperosmolarity induces t-PA (but not PAI-1) in HMC via a regulatory mechanism that requires active PKC, but that does not involve a major pathway in the MAPK cascade.
Influence of nitrogen on the growth and luminescence of silicon nanocrystals embedded in silica

Silicon nanocrystals (Si-ncs) have been produced by implantation of Si+ in excess into SiO2 followed by both annealing and passivation using argon or nitrogen. Nitrogen increases the photoluminescence (PL) emission and shifts the spectra toward the blue. The measured Si-nc diameter is 4.3 and 3.8 nm after annealing performed under Ar and N2, respectively. A significant quantity of nitrogen atoms has been detected in all samples by resonant nuclear reaction analysis (RNRA). The nitrogen concentration is significantly higher when the annealing and passivation are performed in a nitrogen environment, in agreement with a larger Si–N vibration signal on the Raman spectra. The depth profiles of nitrogen are very similar to those of Si-nc, suggesting that the N2 molecules may diffuse in the SiO2 during the annealing and then are trapped in proximity to the Si-nc. In addition to Si+, the implantation of N2+ to concentrations of 3 and 6 at. % produced a decrease in the PL intensity (accentuated at the higher conce.
Implementation of ERP of the Australian Manufacturing Companies

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reasons for implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in Australia and the issues encountered during the course of implementation.Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire survey is conducted, research frame is selected from the Australian manufacturing sector and a final list of 350 Australian manufacturing companies was prepared from which 79 responses were received, representing a response rate of 23 per cent.Findings – The paper finds that the planned and actual use of ERP systems is pervasive in the Australian manufacturing sector, with both small and large companies implementing or planning to implement an ERP system. It was also revealed that ERP system implementation benefits are concentrated more in quickly providing high‐quality information within firm.Research limitations/implications – Respondents are limited to Australian companies, and results may be regional in nature. Further study is suggested to benchmark the res.