Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of the Cloud Point Extraction Method in Spectrophotometric Estimation of Esomeprazole using Diazotised p-Nitroanline and Triton X -114

A simple, sensitive, and precise spectrophotometric method has been developed for the quantification of esomeprazole as pure and in its dosage form (injection). The developed method is based on the diazo-coupling reaction of esomeprazole with a diazotized p-nitroaniline to produce a yellow azo dye soluble in an aqueous medium and gave a maximum absorption at 440 nm. Then using cloud point extraction method by adding Triton X-114 to azo dye solution and heating in water-bath at 50 0C for 25 minutes. The cloudy solution cooled in ice bath, then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 4000 rpm, separation the filtrate by decantation, and finally adding 1ml ethanol. The color of the product changed to pink color (redshift) and the pink-colored solution gave a maximum absorption at 585 nm. The optimization of the method conditions was investigated. Under the optimal conditions, Beer's law obeyed from 1 -20 µg/ml with determination coefficients (R2) equal to 0.9989 and an excellent value of molar absorptivity 1.9929 x 104 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0. 045µg/ml and limit of quantitation(LOQ) of 0.147 μg/ml. The developed method was successfully applied to the assay of esomeprazole in injection dosage with accepted analytical results.
An Efficient Bead‐captured Denaturation Method for Preparing Long Single‐stranded DNA

Previous methods to prepare single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) substrates are limited to short DNA lengths and inefficient. We have developed an efficient and rapid method to prepare long ssDNA substrates (up to 4000 nt) based on the denaturation of the bead-captured DNA substrates, with the individual steps optimized. Immobilization of the targeted DNA substrates on the antibody-modified beads allows easy separation of the denatured targeted ssDNA strand. This method also allows the recovery of the captured strand, making it possible to obtain two ssDNA strands from the same duplex DNA. Within 20 min, 80 nM of the 200 nt ssDNA strand could be obtained from its duplex DNA.
Analysis of Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities of Different Parts of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata

The phytochemicals and biological activities of extracts from leaves and stem of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata were carried out. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, polyphenols, quinones, glycoside, flavonoid, terpenoid and cardiac glycoside in the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of leaf and stem of these two plants. The column chromatography of methanol extract of stem of Mahonia nepalensis resulted in isolation of four pure compounds MN 1, MN 2, MN 3 and MN 4. Out of four isolated compounds, two were identified as MN 1 :b- sitosterol and MN 2 : Berberine by comparison of melting point, Co-TLC, IR and UV spectra of authentic sample. Potent pharmacological activity of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata were revealed from antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp bioassay. Methanol extracts of stem of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata showed significant zone of inhibition of 18 mm and 21 mm respectively against the Staphylococcus aureus . Methanol extract of Berberis aristata were comparatively little stronger against Staphylococcus aureus than methanol extract of Mahonia nepalensis. LC 50 values (μg/ml) of methanol extracts of stem of Berberis aristata and Mahonia nepalensis were found to be 8.058x10 -4 and 8.3 whereas methanol extracts of leaf of Mahonia nepalensis and Berberis aristata were 389.04 and 1303.166 respectively. Nepal Journal of Biotechnology. Dec . 2 0 1 7 Vol. 5, No. 1: 5-13
A 10.23–15.7-GHz Varactor-Tuned Microstrip Bandpass Filter With Highly Flexible Reconfigurability

This article demonstrates a 10.23–15.7-GHz varactor-tuned microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) with fully controllable center frequency, bandwidth, and transmission zeros. The concept of cascading a tunable low-pass unit together with a tunable high-pass unit is adopted to achieve the reconfigurable BPF. A comprehensive loss analysis is carried out to determine the preferable circuit topologies for low-pass filter (LPF) and high-pass filter (HPF), respectively. This not only overcomes the limitation of low quality factor of varactor at high frequency, but also contributes to a highly flexible reconfigurability of the BPF. A reconfigurable LPF using defected ground structure (DGS) and a quasi-elliptic HPF using microstrip technology are then proposed to demonstrate the improved BPF performance at high frequency. The measured results show that the designed BPF is capable of operating in five working modes, with a center frequency tuning range from 10.23 to 15.7 GHz and a fractional bandwidth (FBW) tuning range from 32.48% to 95.76%. The minimum in-band insertion loss reaches 2.55 dB. A steep cutoff characteristic and ultrawide stopband with high rejection level are successfully achieved and are well preserved during the whole tuning process, demonstrating the superiority of the designed BPF.
Small Mammals in Forests of Romania: Habitat Type Use and Additive Diversity Partitioning

Small mammals are key components of forest ecosystems, playing vital roles for numerous groups of forest organisms: they exert bottom-up and top-down regulatory effects on vertebrate and invertebrate populations, respectively; they are fungus- and seed-dispersers and bioturbators. Therefore, preserving or restoring the diversity of small mammal communities may help maintain the functions of these ecosystems. In Romania, a country with low-intensity forest management and a high percentage of natural forests compared to other European countries, an overview of forest small mammal diversity and habitat type use is lacking, and our study aimed to fill this gap. We also aimed to partition the total small mammal diversity of Romanian forests into the alpha (plot-level), beta, and delta (among forest types) diversities, as well as further partition beta diversity into its spatial (among plots) and temporal (among years) components. We surveyed small mammals by live trapping in eight types of forest across Romania. We found that small mammal abundance was significantly higher in lowland than in mountain forests, but species richness was similar, being associated with the diversity of tree canopy, with the highest values in mixed forests. In contrast, small mammal heterogeneity was related to overall habitat heterogeneity. As predicted, community composition was most distinct in poplar plantations, where forest specialists coexist with open habitat species. Most of the diversity was represented by alpha diversity. Because of strong fluctuations in population density of dominant rodents, the temporal component of beta heterogeneity was larger than the spatial component, but species richness also presented an important temporal turnover. Our results show the importance of the time dimension in the design of the surveys aiming at estimating the diversity of small mammal communities, both at the local and regional scales.
Effect of the lanthanoid-size on the structure of a series of lanthanoid-anilato 2-D lattices*

Abstract We report the synthesis and characterization of a series of Ln-based bromoanilato 2-D lattices with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO): [Ln2(C6O4Br2)3(DMSO)n]·2DMSO·mH2O with n = 6 and m = 0 for Ln = La (1), Ce (2), Pr (3), Nd (4), Sm (5), Eu (6) and Gd (7); n = 4 and m = 2 for Ln = Tb (8), Dy (9), Ho (10), Er (11), Tm (12) and Yb (13) (C6O4Br22− = 3,6-dibromo-2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone = bromoanilato). The X-ray analysis shows that the largest Ln(III) ions (La-Gd, 1-7) crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n space group (phase I), whereas the smaller Ln(III) ions (Tb–Yb, 8–13) crystallize in the triclinic P-1 space group (phase II). Both phases present a (6,3)-2-D topology but show important differences derived from the different coordination number of the Ln(III) in both phases. In phase I, the Ln(III) ions are nine-coordinate with a tri-capped trigonal prism geometry and rectangular cavities with no solvent molecules. In phase II, the Ln(III) ions are eight-coordinate with a triangular dodecahedral geometry and distorted hexagonal cavities having two water molecules. These differences are due to the lanthanoid contraction. The magnetic properties show that the Ln(III) ions are isolated and do not present any noticeable magnetic interactions as expected for bromoanilato bridges and Ln(III) ions.
Protein structure in reversible amyloid formed by low-complexity regions

Author(s): Hughes, Michael Patrick | Advisor(s): Eisenberg, David S | Abstract: There is a current renaissance of research on membraneless organelles and their relationship to life in the cell. Protein-protein interactions between mysterious regions of proteins called Low Complexity Regions (LCRs) are known to be important for organizing these membraneless organelles. Membraneless organelles include: P-bodies, involved in mRNA degradation; the nucleolus, the center of rRNA genesis; Cajal bodies, related to telomerase function; and Stress Granules (SGs), dynamic organelles that form and disappear in response to stressful stimuli. LCRs from SG proteins form labile hydrogels composed of amyloid-like fibrils that are associated with organization of SGs. To elucidate the organization of these complexes we determined atomic resolution structures of adhesive five segments within LCRs. The resulting structures resemble known amyloid structures because the crystalized segments formed pairs of mating β-sheets that ran along a fibril axis. However, these five structures are distinct from known amyloid because of sharp kinks in the peptide backbones of the mating β-sheets. In conjunction with the relatively hydrophilic nature of these segments, the fibrils they form are labile; a departure from the stability associated with disease related amyloid. We termed this new type of structure low-complexity aromatic rich kinked segments (LARKS) and found their properties to be consistent with in vitro and cellular behavior needed to form dynamic membraneless assemblies found in the cell. A computational method, 3-D profiling, predicts that some 1725 proteins in the human proteome have two or more LARKS in LCRs that are consistent with properties needed to form membraneless assemblies.
Panduan Pengelolaan Koleksi Mikroorganisme Indonesian Culture Collection InaCC

Penulis : Atit Kanti, Muhammad Ilyas, Arif Nurkanto, Tri Ratna Sulistiyani, dan Siti Meliah Indonesian Culture Collection (lnaCC) merupakan pusat depositori koleksi mikroorganisme Indonesia dibangun untuk memperkuat fungsi otoritas ilmiah LIPI sebagai pusat acuan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya hayati nasional. Melalui buku panduan ini. lnaCC berupaya mendokumentasikan dan membagi informasi yang terkait dengan sistem manajemen mutu koleksi mikroorganisme. mulai dari sistem administrasi hingga pemeliharaan koleksi yang berstandar internasional berdasarkan panduan World Federation for Culture Collections (WFCC) dan siste manajemen ISO 9001:2008. Buku ini dapat menjadi referensi dasar, baik bagi mahasiswa, peneliti, teknisi laboratorium, maupun staf administrasi yang terkait dengan pengelolaan koleksi mikroorganisme di Indonesia. Diharapkan buku panduan ini dapat memenuhi kebutuhan akan danya metode baku dan sistematis dalam pengelolaan koleksi mikroorganisme yang berstandar internasional untuk tetap mempertahankan kekayaan mikroo ganisme Indonesia. Copyeditor : Fadly Suhendra dan M. Sidik Layouter : Siti Qomariyah dan Meita Safitr Cover designer : Dhevi EIR Mahelingga Registrasi : ISBN 978-979-799-982-7 Halaman : xxiii + 191 hlm. Dimensi : A5 (14,8 x 21 cm) ©2018 Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI)
Cylindrical Micelles with “Patchy” Coronas from the Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of ABC Triblock Terpolymers with a Crystallizable Central Polyferrocenyldimethylsilane Segment

Solution self-assembly of a series of linear ABC triblock terpolymers with a central crystallizable poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFS) core-forming “B” block and terminal polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) “A” and “C” blocks has been investigated. Three PS-b-PFS-b-PMMA triblock terpolymers with different block ratios (1, 3.6:1.0:4.7; 2, 7.0:1.0:6.9; and 3, 1.1:1.0:1.4) but with similar degrees of polymerization for the central PFS block were prepared through a combination of living anionic and atom-transfer radical polymerization techniques, together with azide/alkyne “click” chemistry. Cylindrical micelles with a crystalline PFS core were formed in solvents selective for the terminal PS and PMMA blocks. In ethyl acetate, a slightly more selective solvent for the PS block, cylinders with significant microphase separation within the corona in the dry state were observed on the basis of TEM analysis. The use of acetone, which is slightly more selective for the PMMA block than the PS blo.
Development and Evaluation of Mandarin Language Exploration Game for Non-native Speakers

This paper discusses the development and evaluation of an exploration game for Mandarin language. The game focuses on mastering basic vocabularies in Mandarin for non-native speakers. Emphasis is given on word recall and pronunciation of Chinese characters. The evaluation consisted of testing session with students to discover the effects of the game towards the students’ confidence in word recall and pronunciation of Chinese characters. The target audience of the project is students in UiTMPerlis Branch, who undertake Level 1 Mandarin language course. The research methodology that was used in this project is spiral model. There are four phases in the spiral model which are game idea specification, game design prototype, playtesting and evaluation. Game interface was designed by using Unity 3D software. The exploration game was constructed by integrating two elements from Octalysis’ game framework into the exploration game which are ownership and avoidance. Ownership is the element where players are inspired to complete the game when they have sense of owning something. Avoidance element is based on the avoidance of negative circumstances. Testing phase employs user testing which was conducted with 19 bachelor degree students from Level 1 Mandarin language class. From the results, it was discovered that generally, the exploration game has positively influenced the students’ confidence to recall and to pronounce Chinese characters. This could signify that exploration game is a promising tool in elevating confidence among language learners.
Enumeration of Sulphite-Reducing Clostridia from Potable Water Supplies

The enumeration of sulphite-reducing Clostridia from water upon egg yolk-free tryptose-sulphite-cycloserine agar (TSC) was evaluated against the standard UK method of enumeration upon membrane-clostridial agar (MCA), with or without heat treatment of the sample. Using 280 samples of treated drinking water, raw groundwater, river water and sewage effluent, the recoveries of presumptive sulphite-reducing Clostridia were significantly higher on TSC than on MCA (both incubated at .37°C for 48 h), particularly from potable water samples where the system integrity had been breached. Clostridia were isolated from 26 of the 224 groundwater and drinking water samples, on 25 occasions with TSC but on only 3 occasions with MCA. From river water and sewage effluent samples, background growth was higher on TSC. Of 85 isolates from TSC, 92.9% were confirmed as Clostridia, whilst only 56.5% of 23 isolates from MCA confirmed, the remaining being Gram-positive rods and cocci and Gram-negative rods. Heat treatment of samples to 70°C for ten minutes prior to filtration did not affect counts on MCA, but significantly reduced both Clostridia and background counts on TSC. Clostridia isolated from compromised treated water supplies include Cloistridium perfringens, C. bgratii, C. difficile, C. limosum and C. subtgrminale.
Sensitive Raman Probe of Electronic Interactions between Monolayer Graphene and Substrate under Electrochemical Potential Control

In situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopic measurements of defect-free monolayer graphene on various substrates were performed under electrochemical potential control. The G and 2D Raman band wavenumbers (ωG, ω2D) of graphene were found to depend upon the electrochemical potential, i.e., the charge density of graphene. The values of ωG and ω2D also varied depending on the choice of substrates. On metal substrates where graphene was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, a strong blue shift of ω2D was induced, which could not account for the strain and charge doping. We attributed the blue shift of ω2D to a change in the electronic properties of graphene induced by distinct electronic interactions with the metal substrates. To explain the unique characteristics in the Raman spectrum of graphene on various substrates, a novel mechanism is proposed considering reduction of the Fermi velocity in graphene owing to dielectric screening from the metal substrates.
A framework for comparing open source sentiment analysis APIs

With the rise of social media the way business and customers interact has drastically changed. Business are expected to have a web presence and to produce content in order to engage with their user base on a daily base. In return, the users don’t shy away from leaving feedback, and they leave a lot of it. Having that in mind, it is easy to see how having an automated way to tell if the user-generated content was negative or positive would provide a lot of value for a businesses. Coincidentally, in recent years a lot of research and advances have been made in the field of sentiment analysis and the efforts yielded a number of tools for predicting sentiment of textual content. This is why we were interested in examining the landscape of open source APIs that provide that functionality. In this thesis we have built a framework for assessing the performance of some open source APIs for sentiment analysis. The APIs were tested against a dataset of social media content generated by real fashion brands and their user base. Because of the global nature of the fashion industry the APIs were appraised on how well they perform in predicting sentiment of data in original language as well as their English translations. Finally, the framework improved the accuracy of procured sentiment predictions by taking into account the sentimental value of emojis and emoticons found in the data.
Dynamics between shariah (islamic) and non-shariah stock market indices: GCC market evidence based on static and dynamic panel techniques

The main focus of this paper is to investigate the long run dynamic relationship between Shariah and non shariah stock indices in four GCC countries namely Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain. The panel techniques are used for the estimations. The traditional panel methods used are the fixed effects and the random effects models. However, these methods are restricted in that they assume away dynamics and heterogeneity of the coefficients. We augment these methods by applying pooled mean group (PMG) and mean group (MG) estimators which allow for both dynamics and heterogeneity of the coefficients. One particular interest of ours is the test of the assumption of PMG that the long-run coefficients are constant unlike the MG estimates. We provide results of all four estimators and compare their estimates which have implications for the policy makers.
Modeling and Experimental Study on Pyrolysis of Isooctane and n-Heptane behind Reflected Shock Waves

Species concentration profiles produced from pyrolysis of n-heptane and isooctane diluted in argon were measured behind reflected shock waves at temperatures of 1000–1500 K and pressures of 1.2–2.6 atm. Simulation was performed using a chemical kinetic model based on KUCRS. The model reproduced the concentration profiles of n-heptane and isooctane surprisingly well over experimental conditions, while it did not cover some product species. The model was updated including additional species and reactions to reproduce concentration profiles of products.
Modeling of new particle formation and growth in the atmospheric boundary layer

Atmospheric aerosols affect climate, but to what degree still remains one of the largest uncertainties in global climate models. To improve the representation of aerosols in future climate models we need a greater understanding of aerosol processes. In this thesis the process-based model ADCHEM has been used and further developed to study aerosol processes. Specifically; new particle formation and growth have been studied in boreal environments, but also over polluted marine environments.In the boreal forest, particles largely grow by condensation of oxidized organic compounds to form secondary organic aerosols (SOA). There are thousands of organic oxidation products and far from all are known, causing large uncertainties in the modeled aerosol population. Models that simulate the growth of particles must therefore make assumptions of which organic compounds, or group of compounds, that are potential condensation products and what properties they have. The modeled mass concentration of the resulting aerosol particles are dependent on the estimated saturation vapor pressures of the condensation products, but also on the further gas-phase aging of the organic oxidation products.Many models underestimate the SOA mass; one explanation could be missing gas-phase oxidation products. A newly proposed reaction pathway of monoterpenes containing endocyclic double bonds that form highly oxidized multifunctional organic molecules (HOMs) in the gas phase was implemented in the gas-phase chemistry module. The model was tested against observed HOM gas-phase composition and observed SOA formation during α-pinene ozonolysis experiments and field measurements. The model was able to reproduce the observed new particle formation events and particle growth if the HOM mechanism was included.ADCHEM was also used to study new particle formation in the marine boundary layer, to address whether particles formed over sea, or emitted anthropogenic gases over sea, have any importance on the cloud formation potential over land. If the air mass over the marine boundary layer is already polluted due to continental emissions, the importance of new particle formation over sea seems to be minor. The new particle formation and the further growth of particles are sensitive to the concentration of sulfuric acid. If strong new particle formation and rapid growth occurs close to the coast, the formed particles will act as a condensation sink for newly formed particles over land, with the potential to decrease the amount of particles that can act as cloud condensation nuclei over land.To achieve a greater understanding of aerosol processes and reduce the uncertainties in models, it is important that models are evaluated against observations at various locations and conditions. Much work remains to ensure that models give the right results for the right reasons. (Less)