Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OCCURRENCE OF TURNIP MOSAIC VIRUS IN PHALAENOPSIS sp. IN CHINA

A turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) isolate from asymptomatic Phalaenopsis sp. was detected by indirect ELISA. Its presence was confirmed by RT-PCR with a pair of degenerate primers whose design was based on reported coat protein gene sequences. Further analysis of the genomic sequence of this isolate designated as TuMV-ZH1 (GenBank accession No. KF246570) showed a high nucleotide sequence identity with isolate Lu2 (96.7%) and CHN 12 (96.3%) from China. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that TuMV-ZH1 belongs to the world-B lineage. To the best of our knowledge, the above may be the first indication that TuMV infects orchids in China. In addition, proteins P1 and P3 of TuMV-ZH1 are highly mutated as previously reported for other TuMV isolates.
Circulation of the South China Sea : A Num . erical Study

A numerical model employing the classic hydrodynamic equations of conservation of mass and momentum, vertically integrated, has been developed. The model solves the external, or barotropic, mode. The computational mode is eliminated by employing a Euler backward scheme at every N (odd) time level. A similar model is used for issuing flood warnings of hurricanes and extratropical storms. This type of model is also used in a variety of situations such as oil spill simulations, storm surges, tsunamis, and tidal simulations. The aim of this investigation is to gain some insight into the circulation of the South China Sea during the NE and SW monsoon seasons. Thus the circulation of the Malaysian EEZ has been simulated. Our results compare well with Wyrtki's (1961) observations.
Dynamic Proteomic Profiles of In Vivo-and In Vitro-Produced Mouse Post-Implantation ExtraEmbryonic Tissues and Placentas 1 RUNNING TITLE : Proteomic profiles of in vitro produced placentas

As the interface between the mother and the developing fetus, the placenta is believed to play an important role in assisted reproductive technology (ART)-induced aberrant intrauterine and postnatal development. However, the mechanisms underlying aberrant placentation remain unclear, especially during the extra-embryonic tissue development and early stage of placental formation. Using a mouse model, this investigation provides the first comparative proteomic analysis of in vivo (IVO) and in vitro produced (IVP) extra-embryonic tissues and placentas after in vivo fertilization and development, or in vitro fertilization and culture, respectively. We identified 165 and 178 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between IVO and IVP extra-embryonic tissues and placentas on Embryonic Day 7.5 (E7.5) and E10.5, respectively. Many DEPs were functionally associated with genetic information processing, such as impaired de novo DNA methylation, as well as post-transcriptional, translational and post-translational dysregulation. These novel findings were further confirmed by global hypomethylation, and a BOR Papers in Press. Published on October 15, 2014 as DOI:10.1095/biolreprod.114. 124248 Copyright 2014 by The Society for the Study of Reproduction.
EXOTIC PLANT SPECIES INVADE HOT SPOTS OF NATIVE PLANT DIVERSITY

Some theories and experimental studies suggest that areas of low plant spe- cies richness may be invaded more easily than areas of high plant species richness. We gathered nested-scale vegetation data on plant species richness, foliar cover, and frequency from 200 1-m 2 subplots (20 1000-m 2 modified-Whittaker plots) in the Colorado Rockies (USA), and 160 1-m 2 subplots (16 1000-m 2 plots) in the Central Grasslands in Colorado, Wyoming, South Dakota, and Minnesota (USA) to test the generality of this paradigm. At the 1-m 2 scale, the paradigm was supported in four prairie types in the Central Grasslands, where exotic species richness declined with increasing plant species richness and cover. At the 1-m 2 scale, five forest and meadow vegetation types in the Colorado Rockies contradicted the paradigm; exotic species richness increased with native-plant species richness and foliar cover. At the 1000-m 2 plot scale (among vegetation types), 83% of the variance in exotic species richness in the Central Grasslands was explained by the total percentage of nitrogen in the soil and the cover of native plant species. In the Colorado Rockies, 69% of the variance in exotic species richness in 1000-m 2 plots was explained by the number of native plant species and the total percentage of soil carbon. At landscape and biome scales, exotic species primarily invaded areas of high species richness in the four Central Grasslands sites and in the five Colorado Rockies vegetation types. For the nine vegetation types in both biomes, exotic species cover was positively correlated with mean foliar cover, mean soil percentage N, and the total number of exotic species. These patterns of invasibility depend on spatial scale, biome and vegetation type, spatial autocorrelation effects, availability of resources, and species-specific responses to grazing and other disturbances. We conclude that: (1) sites high in herbaceous foliar cover and soil fertility, and hot spots of plant diversity (and biodiversity), are invasible in many landscapes; and (2) this pattern may be more closely related to the degree resources are available in native plant communities, independent of species richness. Exotic plant in- vasions in rare habitats and distinctive plant communities pose a significant challenge to land managers and conservation biologists.
EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON QUANTITATIVE TRAITS CORN

Maize had its origin in a semi-arid area but it is not a reliable crop for growing under dry land conditions, with limited or erratic rainfall. Drought can be defined as the absence of adequate moisture necessary for a plant to grow normally and complete its life cycle. Drought occurs every year in many parts of the world, often with devastating effects on crop production. Seed priming is a successful method that has been proved to improve seed germination and emergence of seedlings. The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, zahak (in Iran). The field experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot design with three replications. Seed priming with potassium nitrate solution in five levels (0, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%) allocated to main plots and three levels of water stress Include: Control (no stress), Water stress at vegetative stage (5 leaflets) to enter the reproductive phase and Stress at reproductive stage until harvest. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of irrigation and priming on Plant height, stem diameter, Number of leaves, Biological yield Harvest index was significant.
A study of spatial-temporal evolution of ChinaÃ¢ÂÂs urban environmental pollution

The problem of environmental pollution brought by the rapid economic development in China caught increasingly great attention of the world. The wide-range of hazy weather since 2013 has shown the seriousness of problem of its environmental pollution. This paper, using the Synthetical Index Method to build the urban “Pollution Index” and “Urban Economy-Pollution Index”, makes the analysis of the environmental pollution and evolvement features of the 30 major Chinese cities. According to the results, during 2005- 2012, the pollutants discharge per unit economic output in its 30 cities showed by and large a downward trend. Urban pollution in this country underwent a development process from concentrating in a handful of cities to scattering to more extensive space. Of these cities, 8 currently fell into the category of “Severity”, with a large amount of discharge of urban pollutants, being in the state of extensive growth. In terms of types of pollutants causing urban pollution, there are differences between each city.
Nurturing innovation: how much does collaborative management help?

Collaborative decision making and site‐based management have been proposed as essential foundations for reform of classroom instruction. Using data from the nationally‐compiled PROSPECTS Data Survey, this study analyzes the data for key variables pertaining to school organization, teacher characteristics, and classroom instruction. The purpose is to determine the degree to which innovative practice relates to collaborative decision‐making process, individual teacher background characteristics, or another combination of factors. The results surprisingly downplay the impact of collaborative management on instructional practice, identifying instead sustained inservice programs and teacher belief in student ability to learn as potentially more promising directions for future research and practice aimed at the question of instructional reform.
1 ( MHCIIx ) TCTGCAGACGGAGTCAGGT TTGAGTGAATGCCTGTTTGC Myh 2 ( MHCIIa ) GTCAAAGGAGGAGGAACAGCAGC GTTGAGTGAATGCTTGCTTCCCC Myh 4 ( MHCIIb ) TGGCCGAGCAAGAGCTAC TTGATGAGGCTGGTGTTCTG Myh 7 ( MHCI ) GCCAACTATGCTGGAGCTGATGCCC GGTGCGTGGAGCGCAAGTTTGTCATAAG Gapdh TCAACGGGAAGCCCATCA CTCGTGGTTCACACCCATCA PERM 1 D

Skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and oxidative capacity are important determinants of muscle function and whole-body health. Mitochondrial content and function are enhanced by endurance exercise and impaired in states or diseases where muscle function is compromised, such as myopathies, muscular dystrophies, neuromuscular diseases, and age-related muscle atrophy. Hence, elucidating the mechanisms that control muscle mitochondrial content and oxidative function can provide new insights into states and diseases that affect muscle health. In past studies, we identified Perm1 (PPARGC1and ESRR-induced regulator, muscle 1) as a gene induced by endurance exercise in skeletal muscle, and regulating mitochondrial oxidative function in cultured myotubes. The capacity of Perm1 to regulate muscle mitochondrial content and function in vivo is not yet known. In this study, we use adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors to increase Perm1 expression in skeletal muscles of 4-wk-old mice. Compared to control vector, AAV1-Perm1 leads to significant increases in mitochondrial content and oxidative capacity (by 40–80%). Moreover, AAV1-Perm1–transduced muscles show increased capillary density and resistance to fatigue (by 33 and 31%, respectively), without prominent changes in fiber-type composition. These findings suggest that Perm1 selectively regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative function, and implicate Perm1 inmuscle adaptations that also occur in response to endurance exercise. —Cho, Y. , Hazen, B. C. , Gandra, P. G. , Ward, S. R. , Schenk, S. , Russell, A. P., Kralli, A. Perm1 enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative capacity, and fatigue resistance in adult skeletal muscle. FASEB J. 30, 000–000 (2016). www.fasebj. org
Direct Assay of LDL Cholesterol: Comparing Measurement and Calculation

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a critical lipid subfraction because it is linked directly with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Current approaches to diagnosing and monitoring CHD emphasize the significance of accurate, precise LDL values. Due to the inherent complexity of measuring LDL by the reference method, ultracentrifugation, it usually is estimated by a calculation that uses measured values for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides. Calculated LDL (CLDL) results may be inaccurate, especially if a patient's triglyceride level is elevated, and it requires a specimen from a patient who has fasted. New assays allow for the direct measurement of LDL (DLDL) analogous to assays for HDL and do not require the patient to fast. While CLDL typically compares well with ultracentrifugation and DLDL, it may provide a result that is different in some instances; that difference may have clinical significance. A method comparison study of CLDL and DLDL resulted in the following linear regression equation: DLDL = 1.067 CLDL + 1.597, r = 0.974, n = 36 .
Utilizing Lesson Study in Improving Year 12 Students' Learning and Performance in Mathematics

This study investigated the use of Lesson Study to improve Year 12 students' performance in conditional probability through Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) lessons. In total, 66 students comprised of three Year 12 classes of similar abilities, and their three respective teachers from a government junior college participated in the study. The instruments used to collect the relevant data in this study were teachers' reflective journals and students' achievement tests. The collected data were then analyzed and interpreted quantitatively using the SPSS. The analysis of the students' pre- and post-tests concluded that as the lesson plans were gradually refined and enhanced, their performance in solving conditional probability questions steadily improved.
Evidence of short-term household change in South Africa from the National Income Dynamics Study

We use longitudinal data from the National Income Dynamics Study to document the extent of recent short-term residential and household compositional change in South Africa. We analyse the demographic correlates of these transitions, including population group, age, urban/rural status, and income. We examine educational and labour-market transitions among movers and the prevalence of the four major types of compositional change – births, addition of joiners, deaths, and loss of leavers. We find that short-term household change is prevalent in South Africa. During a two-year period from 2008 to 2010, 10.5% of South Africans moved residence and 61.3% experienced change in household composition. We find that moving is more common among blacks and whites, very young children, young adults, urban individuals, and those with higher incomes. Among non-movers, compositional change is more likely for blacks and coloureds, young adults and children, females, urban individuals, and individuals with lower incomes.
Cognitive Ability in Elderly in a City in Northeastern Brazil: An Analytical Study

To analyze the cognitive ability of elderly people assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in a northeastern Brazilian city, a cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 406 elderly assisted by the FHS in Mossoro-RN, Brazil, from March to May 2014. The data were collected through two validated questionnaires. For the data analysis, the Alpha Cronbach’s, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square and Pearson correlation statistical tests were applied. There was a predominance of women (67.98%) in the survey. Among the respondents, 50% had an index of up to 27 points in Pfeffer Instrument, identifying greater degree of dependence in performing instrumental daily activities related to mobility in the community (39.7%) and financial management (57.1%). On Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 75% of seniors had an index above 27 points, with the scores classification as standard (50.99%), mild (25.12%), moderate (22.66%) and severe (1.23%). Although changes have been identified in cognitive performance and independence of elderly people in some areas, these difficulties do not completely affect the lives and daily activities of the elderly.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Comparative genomics reveals high biological diversity and specific adaptations in the industrially and medically important fungal genus Aspergillus Permalink

Background: The fungal genus Aspergillus is of critical importance to humankind. Species include those with industrial applications, important pathogens of humans, animals and crops, a source of potent carcinogenic contaminants of food, and an important genetic model. The genome sequences of eight aspergilli have already been explored to investigate aspects of fungal biology, raising questions about evolution and specialization within this genus. Results: We have generated genome sequences for ten novel, highly diverse Aspergillus species and compared these in detail to sister and more distant genera. Comparative studies of key aspects of fungal biology, including primary and secondary metabolism, stress response, biomass degradation, and signal transduction, revealed both conservation and diversity among the species. Observed genomic differences were validated with experimental studies. This revealed several highlights, such as the potential for sex in asexual species, organic acid production genes being a key feature of black aspergilli, alternative approaches for degrading plant biomass, and indications for the genetic basis of stress response. A genome-wide phylogenetic analysis demonstrated in detail the relationship of the newly genome sequenced species with other aspergilli. Conclusions: Many aspects of biological differences between fungal species cannot be explained by current knowledge obtained from genome sequences. The comparative genomics and experimental study, presented here, allows for the first time a genus-wide view of the biological diversity of the aspergilli and in many, but not all, cases linked genome differences to phenotype. Insights gained could be exploited for biotechnological and medical applications of fungi.
An Improved Optimization Study for Determination of Pravastatin in Pharmaceutical Form by using Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography Method

Pravastatin belongs to the group of anticholestrol agents used in the treatment of hypercholestaraemia. Reversed phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) method was described in this study for its determination from tablet formulation. This method was improved with a slight change in the pH of the mobile phase. The experiment was carried out a C18 column with a mobile phase of a binary mixture of acetonitrile and water (40:60, v/v) delivered at a flow rate of 1 mL/min and detection was carried out at 239 nm. The linear range was found as 2 - 12 μg/mL. The lower of quantitation (LOQ) for pravastatin was 0.787 µg/mL. The optimization results, together with statistical evaluation of the data, demonstrated the reliability of this method.
CELL INJURY , REPAIR , AGING , AND APOPTOSIS Gadolinium Contrast Agent-Induced CD 163 D Ferroportin D Osteogenic Cells in Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

opyright a 2013 American Society for Inve ublished by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved ttp://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ajpath. 2013.06. 008 Gadolinium-based contrast agents are linked to nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with renal insufficiency. The pathology of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is characterized by abnormal tissue repair: fibrosis and ectopic ossification. The mechanisms by which gadolinium could induce fibrosis and ossification are not known. We examined in vitro the effect of a gadolinium-based contrast agent on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells for phenotype and function relevant to the pathology of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis using immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, real-time PCR, and osteogenic assays. We also examined tissues from patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, using IHC to identify the presence of cells with phenotype induced by gadolinium. Gadolinium contrast induced differentiation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells into a unique cellular phenotypedCD163þ cells expressing proteins involved in fibrosis and bone formation. These cells express fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23, osteoblast transcription factors Runt-related transcription factor 2, and osterix, and show an osteogenic phenotype in in vitro assays. We show in vivo the presence of CD163þ/procollagen-1þ/osteocalcinþ cells in the fibrotic and calcified tissues of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis patients. Gadolinium contrasteinduced CD163þ/ferroportinþ/FGF23þ cells with osteogenic potential may play a role in systemic fibrosis and ectopic ossification in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. (Am J Pathol 2013, 183: 796e807; http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.06.008)
Expression of TGF-β1 and its receptor genes (TβR I, TβR II, and TβR III-betaglycan) in peripheral blood leucocytes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and Eisenmenger's syndrome

: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is characterized by smooth muscle cell, endothelial cell, and fibroblast hypertrophy and an increase in extracellular matrix volume in pulmonary precapillary arterioles. These features lead to a gradual increase of pulmonary vascular resistance, right-heart failure, and premature death. Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR-2) gene mutations have been identified to cause IPAH. BMPR-2 receptor mutation results in BMP signalling pathway termination and leads to disturbed growth and differentiation of pulmonary circulation cells. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 inhibits the migration and proliferation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and stimulates their differentiation, thus it has antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, inhibiting vascular remodeling and is responsible for extracellular matrix production. The aim of this study was to analyse the profile of TGF-beta1 and the expression of its receptor (TbetaR I, TbetaR II and TbetaR III-betaglycan) genes in IPAH and in secondary forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension [Eisenmenger's syndrome (ES) patients]. Twenty-one patients with IPAH (2 men), 12 ES patients, and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. QRT-PCR analysis of the transcriptive activity of TGF-beta1 and its receptor genes was performed with each patient. There were differences in receptor gene expression among the patient groups. The highest expression was observed in Eisenmenger syndrome patients (approximately 5-to 8-fold increase). There was a negative correlation between the gene expression of TGF-beta1 and that of its receptors, and a positive correlation between TbetaR II and TbetaR III in healthy controls. In IPAH patients a positive correlation between TGF-beta1 and TbetaR I was found. There was a difference in expression of TGF-beta1/receptor gene ratios and expression of receptor gene ratios between the examined groups. The differences in expression between IPAH and ES patients might suggest the role of these cytokines in IPAH pathogenesis. A disturbed proportion of expression of TGF-beta1 and receptor genes in IPAH patients might be one of the pathogenetic factors of the disease.
POPULATION BASED STUDY OF HEAVY METALS IN MEDICINAL PLANT, CAPPARIS DECIDUA

Objectives: The main goal of this study was to create awareness among the people about the use of such widely diverse medicinal plants having high concentration of heavy metals. Method: The plant samples were collected from three different spots i.e. populated (spot 1) less populated (spot 2) and non-populated (spot 3) areas of Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Essential heavy metals Fe, Cu, Zn, Co and Mn and non-essential heavy metals like Cd and Pb were analyzed in different parts of the medicinal plant Capparis decidua as well as in soil sample where the plant was grown by using Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: Heavy metals concentration in different spots were found to be in the order of Spot 3 > Spot 1 > Spot 2 with the concentration rang of different heavy metals Fe 7.51-871.39 mg/kg, Ni 5.15-48.72 mg/kg, Cr 2.37-34.65 mg/kg, Zn 5.37-70.10 mg/kg, Mn 6.19-287.50 mg/kg, Cu 3.0917. 20 mg/kg, Co 1.00-16.15mg/kg, Cd 0.46-2.90 mg/kg and Pb 1.37- 21.80 mg/kg. Ash and Moisture composition were also determined in the selected medicinal plant samples. Conclusion: Surprisingly, the plants as well as the soil samples of non-populated area have more heavy metals than populated and less populated samples. The high content of heavy metals in plant samples of non-populated (spot 3) area may be due to the geological strata.