Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating cross-population variation in juvenile compensation in survival for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus): a Bayesian hierarchical approach

Juvenile compensation in survival, quantified as compensation ratio (CR), is critical for fish population persistence. At present, no estimate of this key parameter exists for bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus). This species has a conservation listing and is targeted by recreational angling in portions of its range. Obtaining accurate estimates of CR is crucial to aid recovery efforts and develop sustainable fisheries policies. This investigation develops a hierarchical Bayesian meta-analysis to estimate CR and explore the functional form of stock–recruitment for bull trout. Results show bull trout have high scope for density-dependent compensation evidenced by CR estimates generated herein and by previous research. This demonstrates changes in habitat quality and quantity are likely limiting recovery of many populations. However, owing to lack of data, variance is high. Limitations in available data for this analysis are due to the high cost and operational difficulty of sampling, and high uncertainty in CR estimates. This study highlights the importance of collecting additional paired stock–recruitment data to facilitate future investigations and reduce variance in CR estimates for bull trout.
Dynamic postnatal development of the cellular and circuit properties of striatal D1 and D2 spiny projection neurons

Imbalances in the activity of the D1‐expressing direct pathway and D2‐expressing indirect pathway striatal projection neurons (SPNs) are thought to contribute to many basal ganglia disorders, including early‐onset neurodevelopmental disorders such as obsessive–compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and Tourette's syndrome. This study provides the first detailed quantitative investigation of development of D1 and D2 SPNs, including their cellular properties and connectivity within neural circuits, during the first postnatal weeks. This period is highly dynamic with many properties changing, but it is possible to make three main observations: many aspects of D1 and D2 SPNs progressively mature in parallel; there are notable exceptions when they diverge; and many of the defining properties of mature striatal SPNs and circuits are already established by the first and second postnatal weeks, suggesting guidance through intrinsic developmental programmes. These findings provide an experimental framework for future studies of striatal development in both health and disease.
Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression among women living in urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious pubic health concern and known to have the adverse effects on mother’s perinatal wellbeing; and child’s physical and codnitive development. There were limited literatures on PPD in Bangladesh, especially in urban slum context. The aim of this study was to assess the burden and risk factors of PPD among the urban slum women. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November-December 2017 in three urban slums on 376 women within first 12 months of postpartum. A validated Bangla version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to measure the depression status. Respondent’s socio-economic characteristics and other risk factors were collected with structured validated questionaire by trained interviewers. Unadjusted Prevalence Ratio (PR) and Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (APR) were estimated with Generalized Linear Model(GLM) and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) respectively to identify the risk factors of PPD. The prevalence of PPD was 39.4% within first 12 months following the child birth. Job involvement after child delivery (APR=1.9, 95% CI= 1.1, 3.3), job loss due to pregnancy (APR=1.5, 95% CI= 1.0, 2.1), perinatal and postnatal death (APR=1.4, 95% CI= 0.97, 2.0), unintended pregnancy (APR=1.8, 95% CI= 1.3, 2.5), management of delivery cost by borrowing, selling or mortgaging assets (APR=1.3, 95% CI= 0.94, 1.9), depressive symptom during pregnancy (APR=2.5, 95% CI= 1.7, 3.8) and intimate partner violence (APR=2.0, 95% CI= 1.2, 3.3), were identified as risk factors. PPD was not associated with poverty, mother in law and any child related factors. The burden of postpartum depression is high in the urban slum of Bangladesh. Maternal mental health services should be integrated with existing maternal health services. Research is required for the innovation of effective, low cost and culturally appropriate PPD case management and preventive intervention in urban slum of Bangladesh.
MulTINCo: multilingual traditional immersion and native corpus. Better-documented multiliteracy practices for more refined SLA studies

ABSTRACT Whilst the links between learner corpus research (LCR) and Second Language Acquisition (SLA) have long been debated, McEnery et al. (2019. “Corpus Linguistics, Learner Corpora, and SLA: Employing Technology to Analyze Language Use.” Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 39: 74-92. doi:10.1017/S0267190519000096) claim that learner corpus data are not yet sufficiently integrated in SLA research. This article aims to go one way towards bridging the LCR/SLA gap by illustrating the benefits of collecting and analyzing data sets that better document multiliteracy practices. We first contextualize our work within the field of LCR where calls for more multidimensional data sets have been made. We then present a new database called MulTINCo - Multilingual Traditional, Immersion, and Native Corpus - collected in the framework of a project on Content and Language Integrated Learning in French-speaking Belgium. As our data set contains rich metadata and blends corpus data with other data types, we illustrate its potential for SLA research. In Sections 3 and 4, we describe the data collected and the interface. In the last section of the paper, we wrap up with a discussion on the methodological assets of such multidimensional data sets for SLA studies, and present directions for future research.
Avocado flesh and/or skin extract rich in polyphenols and cosmetic, dermatological and nutraceutical compositions comprising same

The present invention relates to a polyphenol-rich extract of avocado fruit, which contains at least 10% by weight of polyphenols, expressed as gallic acid equivalents based on the amount of extract obtained, which polyphenol preferably has a total weight of polyphenol Typically at least 70% by weight of procyanidins, caffeic acids and derivatives thereof, when expressed as gallic acid equivalents by reference. The present invention also relates to a composition comprising an extract of the present invention as an active agent and a suitable excipient. The present invention also relates to compositions or extracts for the prevention and / or treatment of diseases or pathologies of the skin, mucous membranes and / or associated organs. In addition, the present invention relates to a skin, an accessory or mucosal make-up method for improving the condition or appearance, and comprises the step of administering the composition or extract of the present invention.
Lead and zinc removal from alloy Zn-Ag-Pb under reduced pressure

J. Łabaj: jerzy.labaj@polsl.pl, L. Blacha Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science, Katowice, Poland The presented work shows the results of vacuum melting of industrial Zn-Ag-Pb alloy arising from the processing of silver-bearing foam. The tests were carried out in an induction vacuum aggregate in the temperature range 773 873 K and pressure 10 1 000 Pa. Based on the results obtained, the values of the density of the evaporating stream of zinc and lead were estimated, which were at the level from 3,9510-4 to 9,5310-4 gZncm -2s-1 and from 5,3910-5 to 30,910-5 gPbcm -2s-1. In addition, silver losses were estimated in the analysed process. The maximum degree of dezincification of the alloy achieved for the assumed temperature and pressure was 99 %.
Learning or habit formation? Optimal timing of lockdown for disease containment

We analyse a model where the government has to decide whether to impose a lockdown in a country to prevent the spread of a possibly virulent disease. If the government decides to impose a lockdown, it has to determine its intensity, timing and duration. We find that there are two competing effects that push the decision in either direction. An early lockdown is beneficial not only to slow down the spread of the disease, but to create beneficial habit formation (such as social distancing, developing hygienic habits) that persists even after the lockdown is lifted. Against that, an early lockdown in addition to damaging the economy, leads to a loss of information and impedes learning about the nature and the dynamics of the disease. Based on the prior probability of the disease being virulent, we characterise the timing, intensity and duration of a lockdown with the above mentioned tradeoffs. Specifically, we show that as the precision of learning goes up, a government tends to delay the imposition of lockdown. Conversely, if the habit formation parameter is very strong, a government is likely to impose an early lockdown.
Exploring different sequence representations and classification methods for the prediction of nucleosome positioning

Motivation Nucleosomes form the first level of DNA compaction and thus bear a critical role in the overall genome organization. At the same time, they modulate chromatin accessibility and, through a dynamic equilibrium with other DNA-binding proteins, may shape gene expression. A number of large-scale nucleosome positioning maps, obtained for various genomes, has compelled the importance of nucleosomes in the regulation of gene expression and has shown constraints in the relative positions of nucleosomes to be much stronger around regulatory elements (i.e. promoters, splice junctions and enhancers). At the same time, the great majority of nucleosome positions appears to be rather flexible. Various computational methods have in the past been used in order to capture the sequence determinants of nucleosome positioning but, as the extent to which DNA sequence preferences may guide nucleosome occupancy largely varies, this has proved to be rather difficult. In order to focus on highly specific sequence attributes, in this work we have analyzed two well-defined sets of nucleosome-occupied sites (NOS) and nucleosome-free-regions (NFR) from the genome of S. cerevisiae, with the use of textual representations. Results We employed 3 different genomic sequence representations (Hidden Markov Models, Bag-of-Words and N-gram Graphs) combined with a number of machine learning algorithms on the task of classifying genomic sequences as nucleosome-free (NFR) or nucleosome-occupied NOS (to be further amended based on updated results). We found that different approaches that involve the usage of different representations or algorithms can be more or less effective at predicting nucleosome positioning based on the textual data of the underlying genomic sequence. More interestingly, we show that N-gram Graphs, a sequence representation that takes into account both k-mer occurrences and relative positioning at various lengths scales is outperforming other methodologies and may thus be a choice of preference for the analysis of DNA sequences with subtle constraints.
Analysis the effect of learning habists and gender the mathematics learning achievement using the multiple linear regression approach

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of learning habits and gender on the mathematics learning achievement of students using multiple linear regression approaches. This type of research is quantitative with an approach ex post facto. The population used in SMP Negeri 1 Merauke students, class X and XI with a population of 625 students consisting of 322 male students and 303 students. The sample used by the propositional stratified Random Sampling technique was obtained ie 150 samples. The analysis used uses a significance level of 5%. The results obtained are: (1) there is a significant effect of learning habits and student mathematics learning achievements; (2) there is no significant effect of gender on student mathematics learning achievement; (3) there is no simultaneous influence of learning habits and gender on students’ mathematics learning achievement. The results of the analysis using multiple regression approaches indicate learning habits provide a positive and significant influence on learning achievement. Students who have good and regular study habits will see that the lessons received are not so difficult to understand, because of the good readiness beforehand. Whereas for gender there is no significant effect. This is because there has been gender equality applied in school. Equality of conditions for men and women to obtain opportunities and their rights as human beings, to be able to play a role and participate in activities at school. Thus it can be concluded that the factors that influence the mathematics achievement of junior high school students for Merauke City are learning habits. The better and regular student learning habits, the students’ mathematical achievements will increase.
Mapping of basement layer in field “X” petroleum system using ESA – MWT technique gravity data

Land gravity data acquired over part of North Sumatera Basin, Indonesia, was used to estimate depth to multiple horizons of density interface. Recently, gravitational data has difficulty to map the depth of subsurface layer structure except by using modeling. Here, we apply the energy spectral analysis-multi window test (ESA–MWT) technique to map the subsurface horizons. The estimated depth was computed from energy spectral analysis as the transformation of the gridded gravity data to 2D Fourier transform (Fast Fourier Transform). The energy spectrum analysis is performed at a test point by windowing the gridded complete Bouguer anomaly (CBA) at that test point with the square window size constantly increasing 1 km width from the previous window size. The distance between the test points is about 2 km on each of the gravity measurement lines. Plateau depths are then obtained which represents the density interfaces of the plot result between the depths of the anomaly to the window size. The results of the mapping of density interfaces correspond to sedimentary interfaces, those are the economic basement as Top Tampur Formation (Horizon 1), the top of several other sedimentary interfaces (Horizon 2-6), one of them is Top Belumai Formation (Horizon 2).
A Hybrid RF MEMS Switch Actuated by the Combination of Bidirectional Thermal Actuations and Electrostatic Holding

Radio frequency microelectro-mechanical system (RF MEMS) switches have received attention due to their higher performances at high frequencies compared with semiconductor-based switches. However, most of the previous MEMS switches used electrostatic actuation, which requires a high actuation voltage and has a low actuation force. Herein, we propose a new hybrid RF MEMS switch for low-voltage and low-power operation that is actuated by the combination of bidirectional thermal actuation and electrostatic holding. The proposed hybrid RF MEMS switch is actuated by the combination of two actuation mechanisms, i.e.: 1) bidirectional thermal actuation of the large force with low actuation voltage and 2) electrostatic holding for low-power consumption. The large actuation force enables high signal isolation at the “OFF” state of the switch because of the high initial gap between the signal line and the contact metal. Also, the bidirectional thermal actuator that enables upward actuation prevents any stiction of the membrane, which enhances both the power handling capability and the reliability of the actuator. In this work, we successfully fabricated the proposed RF MEMS switch and measured both its mechanical characteristics and RF characteristics. The required actuation voltage for the switch is less than 0.3 V for thermal actuation, and the required voltage for electrostatic holding is 15.4 V. The power consumption was measured as $3.24~\mu \text{J}$ per switching. Also, we measured the RF characteristics, and the insertion loss of signals was 0.23 dB at 2.4 GHz, and the isolation of signals was 38.80 dB at 2.4 GHz.
Dynamics of the seasonal wave height variability in the South China Sea

Wind‐driven ocean surface gravity waves exhibit large fluctuations on multiple scales in both space and time, which greatly impact on air‐sea interactions and human activities in the ocean. The wave height in the South China Sea (SCS) is dominated by the seasonal variability, but the underlying dynamics is poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the dynamics of the significant wave height (SWH) seasonality in the SCS using the WAVEWATCH III wave model. The results indicate that the SCS SWH seasonality is dominated by local sea surface winds inside the SCS with a secondary contribution from remote sea surface winds in the tropical western North Pacific Ocean through the propagation of waves. Local sea surface winds alone lead to the SWH maxima occurring in different regions inside the SCS in different seasons. Remote sea surface winds, on the contrary, result in a high SWH tongue extending from the Pacific Ocean into the SCS through the Luzon Strait all year round. They contribute positively to the SCS SWH seasonality, but the contributions are only significant in the northern SCS and decrease westward/southwestward from the Luzon Strait. The SWH in the northern SCS induced by the seasonality of remote sea surface winds is largest in winter while smallest in summer. However, the contribution of remote sea surface winds relative to that of local sea surface winds gets largest in spring, when the local sea surface winds are weakest of the year. The current study emphasizes the importance of sea surface winds in the Pacific Ocean in regulating the SCS SWH seasonality and is helpful for further studies of the dynamics and predictions of wave climate variabilities on multiple time scales in the SCS.
Relationship of Sanitation Parameters with Microbial Diversity and Load in Raw Meat from the Outlets of the Metropolitan City Biratnagar, Nepal

The main aim of this study is to assess the microbial load of raw meat from outlets of Biratnagar and its relationship with several sanitation parameters. Samples were taken from meat outlets, and required microbiological procedures were followed as per guidelines. Approximately 63.6% of microbes were present in meat with poor sanitation while 36.4% were present in meat with good sanitation. Fungal contamination in poorly kept mutton was one and half times greater than chicken/mutton of good sanitation. Fungi such as Penicillium (21.3%), Mucor (16.3%), Aspergillus (15%), and Trichosporon (13.8%) were most predominant. 73.8% of meat samples contained Staphylococcus spp. , 61.3% contained E. coli, 48.8% of Pseudomonas spp. , and 37.5% samples contained Salmonella spp. Outlets selling both types of meat showed no significant difference in microbial types. Mean of TVC of meat is 8.2 log CFU/g. Mean TVC of mutton (7.6 log CFU/g) is lower than mean TVC of chicken/meat (8.5 log CFU/g) and differed significantly. Tiled outlets showed comparatively lower bacterial contamination than cemented outlets which was statistically significant (t = −3.16, p=0.002). With the difference among microbial type and few sanitation parameters being statistically significant, it can be suggested that outlets should be tiled (p=0.002), showcased (p=0.001), and the meat-handling employee must wear washed apron (p=0.013). Proper cleaning of water supply and use area (p ≤ 0.001) and drainage (p=0.048) maintain a good meat sanitation (p ≤ 0.001) which reduces microbial contamination significantly. To diminish microbiological load on meat sold in the Biratnagar city, standard operating methods should be practiced.
Evaluating the contributions of the different knowledge management components towards organizational performances

This paper looks at examining the extent to which organizations in Oman incorporate the different key knowledge management components namely Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Application & Dissemination, and knowledge capture & sharing within their daily operations with respect to achieving performance improvement. It also examines how well the individual knowledge management component can explain the variation in operational performances and their respective impact on operational performances. Quantitative empirical approach is used with Microsoft Excel data analysis tool pack as the investigative tool to perform descriptive statistical analysis, analyze the relationship between the knowledge management components and operational performance, and to develop a regression model for explaining the associated operational performance. The findings confirmed that organizations perceive a positive association between the knowledge management components and operational performances. However, the developed regression model was deemed statistically reliable through the use of only two out of the three key knowledge management components namely knowledge application & dissemination, and knowledge capture & sharing, and so could only partly support such perception. Anyhow, knowledge application & dissemination, and knowledge capture & sharing proved to be reliable and effective explanatory variables for explain the variation in operational performances. The findings also indicated that knowledge application & dissemination is the most impactful knowledge management component with respect to operational performances.
Managerial Learning from Analyst Feedback to Voluntary Capex Guidance, Investment Efficiency and Firm Performance

We test predictions that managers issuing voluntary capex guidance learn from analyst feedback and that this learning enhances investment efficiency and firm performance. Our findings are consistent with these predictions. First, we find that managers’ capex adjustments and capex guidance revisions relate positively with analyst feedback measured by differences between postguidance analyst capex forecasts and managerial capex guidance. Second, changes in investment efficiency relate positively with analyst feedback. Third, subsequent firm financial performance relates positively with the predicted values of both managers’ capex adjustments and capex guidance revisions. These findings extend prior evidence regarding sources of managerial learning and investment efficiency and help to explain the active issuance of voluntary guidance by managers in settings where, as for capex guidance, the potential for managerial learning from related share price effects is limited, as we also explain. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.