Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amylose profile and rice grain morphology of selected F6 lines derived from a crossing of Black Rice and Mentik Wangi for the development of waxy pigmented rice

Research on rice plant breeding to get superior black rice varieties with tender rice texture can be carried out by crossing Black Rice and Mentik Wangi variety. The rice lines derived from a crossing of these two varieties have recently reached the F6 line. The texture of rice is distinguished by the amylose content. The lower of the rice amylose, the more tender of the rice texture, and vice versa. This study aimed to find out the profile of amylose content and the grains morphology of the lines that will be developed as waxy pigmented rice. Analysis of amylose content was carried out using iodine-colorimetry methods. The quantification of amylose was measured based on the regression of the standard amylose curve. The results showed that all the F6 lines had the potential to be developed as waxy pigmented rice. Based on the Kruskall Wallis test, there was a variance in the amylose profile average of the eight genotypes. In terms of grains morphology, the line 482-17-7 and 482-17-18 had a combination colour between the two parents. In addition, there was a significant difference in grains size between the genotypes and the grain size of all lines were classified in the medium size. F6 lines resulted from the crossing between Black Rice and Mentik Wangi are recommended to be used as superior varieties of waxy pigmented rice.
Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slot Array Antenna to Generate Bessel Beam With High Transverse Linear Polarization Purity

The transverse linearly polarized beam can maintain its polarization when reflected, which is important for a detection system. Most of the existing planar Bessel beam generators are implemented in a central feeding radial topology and hard to generate the Bessel beam with the transverse linear polarization. In this communication, a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) slot array antenna is proposed to generate the transverse linearly polarized Bessel beam. The desired phase and amplitude distribution of the Bessel beam can be easily realized by such an array. With the inherent 0°/180° output phase of the comb-like divider considered, the desired 0°/180° phase distribution is implemented by placing adjacent slots on the opposite (0°) or the same side (180°) within a linear array and by employing adjacent linear arrays with the inverse (180°) or the same (0°) slot offset direction accordingly. The offset of the slot, as well as the tuning metalized vias within the comb-like divider, is modulated to generate the desired amplitude distribution. After reducing the influence of the rectangularly truncated aperture by adding a Gauss-tapered amplitude distribution, a transverse linearly polarized Bessel beam SIW slot array antenna is designed with more than 100 mm depth-of-field (DoF) and less than −25 dB cross polarization. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first design to generate the transverse linearly polarized Bessel beam by a planar array antenna.
RECOGNIZING PERSONALITY USING HIPPOCRATES’ PERSONALITY TEST AS THE MATERIAL OF COMMUNICATION LEARNING FOR TAX EXTENSION OFFICER’S FUNCTIONALITY

This research aims to find out how to recognize personality using Hippocrates’ Personality Test as the material of communication learning for Tax Extension Officer’s Functionality. It is interesting to be studied because the main duty of Tax Extension Officer’s Functionality is to communicate with many people with different personalities. This study was a qualitative research with quasi-experiment approach, in which data was obtained through participatory observation and document obtained using questionnaire, and the data obtained was analyzed using inductive logic and the result was presented descriptively. The finding of research shows that recognizing personality, using Hippocrates’ Personality Test, based on F. Littauer’s book entitled Personality Plus as the material of communication learning, can be used to recognize the participants’ personality; in addition participants also can identify personality versus communication. The learning has some weaknesses related to the questionnaire that should be completed in quiet and relaxed condition in order to match the actual personality, because the questionnaire completed in hurry and in tired condition will give less valid response. The strength is related to the ability of recognizing personality and to solve communication problem easily. For the learning to be better the participants are recommended to do so in the morning when the brain is still fresh and they still have sufficient time.
Examining Risk of Speech-Language Disorders in Children With Cleft Lip

Abstract Although it is well-established that children with cleft palate are at high risk for communication disorders, little is known about the speech-language profiles of children with cleft lip (with or without cleft alveolus), who do not have an overt cleft palate. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of speech-language disorders in a consecutively evaluated group of children with cleft lip, with or without cleft alveolus (CL ± A) from a single cleft lip and palate center in the United States. We also explored the types of speech and language disorders in this cohort and examined the impact of co-occurring syndromes and other diagnoses (eg, submucous cleft palate). Eighty-six children (58 males, 28 females) with CL ± A, evaluated between the ages of 12 and 72 months, were included in the study. Forty children had cleft lip and alveolus; 46 children had isolated cleft lip. We examined the proportion of children with CL ± A who received team care, speech-language evaluations, and audiograms, as well as the number of children with CL ± A diagnosed with a communication disorder. Fifty-three percent (n = 46) of children with CL ± A had received at least 1 speech-language evaluation. Approximately 40% of children with CL ± A who underwent evaluation by a speech-language pathologist were diagnosed with some type of communication disorder. Nine children (21%) with CL ± A displayed an articulation disorder and 12 (27%) presented with a language delay/disorder. Statistical analysis examined the potential impact of comorbid diagnoses such as submucous cleft palate and other congenital anomalies, and results were essentially unchanged. Results of this study are congruent with past reports suggesting children with CL ± A have a higher risk of communication disorders than the general pediatric population. Surgeons should be aware of the growing body of evidence that children with CL ± A benefit from cleft team care, which should include routine speech-language assessments starting at an early age to ensure identification of conditions warranting intervention.
Beyond probabilities: A possibilistic framework to interpret ensemble predictions and fuse imperfect sources of information

Ensemble forecasting is widely used in medium‐range weather predictions to account for the uncertainty that is inherent in the numerical prediction of high‐dimensional, nonlinear systems with high sensitivity to initial conditions. Ensemble forecasting allows one to sample possible future scenarios in a Monte‐Carlo‐like approximation through small strategical perturbations of the initial conditions, and in some cases stochastic parametrization schemes of the atmosphere–ocean dynamical equations. Results are generally interpreted in a probabilistic manner by turning the ensemble into a predictive probability distribution. Yet, due to model bias and dispersion errors, this interpretation is often not reliable and statistical postprocessing is needed to reach probabilistic calibration. This is all the more true for extreme events which, for dynamical reasons, cannot generally be associated with a significant density of ensemble members. In this work we propose a novel approach: a possibilistic interpretation of ensemble predictions, taking inspiration from possibility theory. This framework allows us to integrate in a consistent manner other imperfect sources of information, such as the insight about the system dynamics provided by the analogue method. We thereby show that probability distributions may not be the best way to extract the valuable information contained in ensemble prediction systems, especially for large lead times. Indeed, shifting to possibility theory provides more meaningful results without the need to resort to additional calibration, while maintaining or improving skills. Our approach is tested on an imperfect version of the Lorenz '96 model, and results for extreme event prediction are compared against those given by a standard probabilistic ensemble dressing.
An Improved Fractional-Order Variational Optical Flow Model Combining Structure Tensor

Dealing with problems of illumination changes in optical flow estimation, an improved variational optical flow model is proposed in this paper. The local structure constancy constraint (LSCC) is applied in the data term of the traditional HS (Horn & Schunck) optical flow model to substitute the brightness constancy constraint. The fractional-order smoothness constraint (FSC) is applied in the smoothness term of the HS model. Then, the detailed calculation processes from the optical flow model to the optical flow value are explained. The structure tensor in LSCC is an image feature that is constant in the illumination changes scene. The fractional differential coefficient in FSC can fuse the local neighborhood optical flow vector into the optical flow vector of the target pixel, which can improve the integrity of the motion region with the same motion speed. Combining LSCC with FSC, our improved optical flow model can obtain an accurate optical flow field with clear outline in the illumination abnormity scene. The experimental results show that, compared with other optical flow models, our model is more suitable for the illumination changes scene and can be employed in outdoor motion detection projects.
Satellite-based Calibration of the TAIGA-HiSCORE Cerenkov Array by the LIDAR on-board CALIPSO

The wide-angle Air-Cerenkov array HiSCORE is a major component of the TAIGA facility in the Tunka valley, built for Gamma Astronomy and Cosmic Ray research. HiSCORE will contain 120 stations distributed over a 1 km 2 area. Here, we report a multi-year detection of light ﬂashes in HiSCORE from the LIDAR on-board the Sun-synchronous CALIPSO satellite, obtained from 2015-2021. The 100 mJ laser (532 nm) is observed up to distances beyond 10 km away from the ground light spot. This study complements ﬁrst observations of a space-based LIDAR, performed in 2015-2017 with the 28 station HiSCORE prototype and the CATS-LIDAR on-board the International Space Station. We present HiSCORE calibration methods developed for the LIDAR events to optimize the pointing resolution of the array; and additionally perform a detailed array performance analysis over 6 years. The angular resolution for this special class of HiSCORE events - bright ﬂashes, with a plane wave light front - is found to be ∼ 0.05 ◦ , which is below the high-energy limit of ∼ 0.1 ◦ for air-showers. The satellite event sample allows to optimize rare event search strategies, like for optical ﬂashes of astrophysical origin. We will also report on scheduled joint LIDAR observation by HiSCORE and TAIGA-IACTs, as well as optical ground instruments - to independently calibrate the absolute array-pointing precision.
Point‐spread function convolution to simulate prestack depth migrated images: A validation study

Seismic migration commonly yields an incomplete reconstruction of the Earth model due to restricted survey aperture, band‐limited frequency content and propagation effects. This affects both illumination and resolution of the structures of interest. Through the application of spatial convolution operators commonly referred to as point‐spread functions, simulated prestack depth‐migrated images incorporating these effects may be obtained. Such simulated images are tailored for analysing distortion effects and enhance our understanding of seismic imaging and subsequent interpretation. Target‐oriented point‐spread functions may be obtained through a variety of waveform and ray‐based approaches. Waveform approaches are generally more robust, but the computational cost involved may be prohibitive. Ray‐based approaches, on the other hand, allow for efficient and flexible sensitivity studies at a low computational cost, but inherent limitations may lead to less accuracy. To yield more insight into the similarities and differences between point‐spread functions obtained via these two approaches, we first derive analytical expressions of both wave‐ and ray‐based point‐spread functions in homogeneous media. By considering single‐point scatterers embedded in a uniform velocity field, we demonstrate the conditions under which the derived equations diverge. The accuracy of wave‐based and ray‐based point‐spread functions is further assessed and validated at selected targets in a subsection of the complex BP Statics Benchmark model. We also compare our simulated prestack depth migrated images with the output obtained from an actual prestack depth migration (reverse time migration). Our results reveal that both the wave‐ and ray‐based approaches accurately model illumination, resolution and amplitude effects observed in the reverse time‐migrated image. Furthermore, although some minor deviations between the wave‐based and ray‐based approaches are observed, the overall results indicate that both approaches can be used also for complex models.
The mechanism responsible for lowering interfacial tension between heavy crude oil and betaine solutions

Abstract To clarify the mechanism responsible for the reduction of interfacial tension (IFT), the dynamic and equilibrium IFTs of different betaine solutions against n-alkanes, kerosene, heavy oil fractions model oil and crude oil have been investigated by spinning-drop interfacial tensiometer. The experimental results show that the synergism for lowering IFT between heavy crude oil and betaine solutions are controlled by two main factors. One is “size compatibility” between surfactant molecules and surface-active substances in crude oil. The other is the optimized ratio of crude oil fraction to betaine. The betaine molecules with large size of hydrophilic group can form compact interfacial film with surface-active fractions in heavy crude oil by mixed adsorption. Therefore, betaines with large hydrophilic groups show an apparent synergism with heavy crude oil in lowering IFT and can produce ultralow IFT value at optimized concentration. Graphical Abstract The betaine molecules with large size of hydrophilic group can form compact interfacial film with surface-active fractions in heavy crude oil by mixed adsorption
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation of interactions between cyclic lipopeptide Bacillomycin D and cell membranes

Abstract According to experimental studies, Bacillomycin D has strong antimicrobial activities, but the antimicrobial mechanism is still unknown. In this paper, the interaction mechanisms between this cyclic lipopeptide and three different charged cell membranes are studied via Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics (CG MD) simulations. A specific CG model for the cyclic lipopeptide Bacillomycin D was developed. The insertion of cyclic lipopeptide Bacillomycin D into DOPC, DOPC/DPPA and DOPC/DOTAP cell membranes was investigated. The position distribution and stability of Bacillomycin D in the three different cell membranes were analysed and compared based on density profile calculations. Additionally, we focused on the Radial Distribution Function (RDF) curves between amino acid residues with negative charges or strong hydrophobic properties and the head groups of two different cell membranes. Based on changes in the curvature of the three membranes, the cyclic lipopeptide Bacillomycin D can cause localised surface protrusions in DOPC/DOTAP membranes, inward depressions in the surface of DOPC/DPPA membranes and inhibition deformation in the surface of DOPC membranes. This study will help to further understand the antibacterial mechanism of the cyclic lipopeptide Bacillomycin D and provide a basis for the development of new antibiotics.
Trapping the Transition State in a [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement by Applying Pressure

Transition states are of central importance in chemistry. While they are, by definition, transient species, it has been shown before that it is possible to “trap” transition states by applying stretching forces. We here demonstrate that the task of transforming a transition state into a minimum on the potential energy surface can be achieved by using hydrostatic pressure. We apply the computational eXtended Hydrostatic Compression Force Field (X- HCFF) approach to the educt of a [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement in both static and dynamic calculations and find that the five-membered cyclic transition state of this reaction becomes a minimum at pressures in the range between 100 and 150 GPa. Slow decompression leads to a 70:30 mix of the product and the educt of the sigmatropic rearrangement. Our findings are discussed in terms of geometric parameters and electronic rearrangements throughout the reaction. We speculate that the trapping of transition states by using pressure is generally possible if the transition state of a chemical reaction has a more condensed geometry than both the educt and the product, which paves the way for new ways of initiating chemical reactions.
Rethinking the Value of Author Contribution Statements in Light of How Research Teams Respond to Retractions

Abstract The authorship policies of scientific journals often assume that in order to be able to properly place credit and responsibility for the content of a collaborative paper we should be able to distinguish the contributions of the various individuals involved. Hence, many journals have introduced a requirement for author contribution statements aimed at making it easier to place credit and responsibility on individual scientists. We argue that from a purely descriptive point of view the practices of collaborating scientists are at odds with the requirement for author contribution statements. We also argue that from a normative point of view the authorship policies may be unnecessary. Our arguments draw on an examination of 35 years of retraction notices in the journal Science.
Formation of gold composite nanowires using cold welding: a structure-based molecular dynamics simulation

The synthesis of composite nanowires has recently emerged to be an important topic in the field of low-dimension nanostructures, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation proves an effective way to figure out their mechanical properties and is thus adopted to explore the cold welding process of gold nanowires with single-crystalline, fivefold twinned and particularly polycrystalline structure. Four samples of nanowires were successfully welded through limited loadings with similar stress-time responses toward cold welding. The stress shows a low average value during welding with oscillations, indicating the existence of relaxation stages. Herein, the number of defects in the welded nanowires could be controlled by varying the loading time. These findings are expected to open an avenue towards the use of cold welding technology, including welding between materials with various properties, for the bottom-up nanofabrication and nanoassembly techniques without introducing defects.
New Data from the ISʘIS instrument Suite on Parker Solar Probe

NASA’s Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission’s first seven orbits include perihelia as close as ~11 million km (~16 solar radii), much closer to the Sun than any prior human-made object. Onboard PSP, the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISʘIS) instrument suite makes groundbreaking measurements of solar energetic particles (SEPs). Here we discuss the near-Sun energetic particle radiation environment over PSP’s first two and a half years, which reveal where and how energetic particles are energized and transported. We find a great variety of energetic particle events accelerated both locally and remotely. These include stream and co-rotating interaction regions (SIRs and CIRs), “impulsive” SEP events driven by acceleration near the Sun, and events related to Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). These ISʘIS observations made close to the Sun provide critical information for investigating the near-Sun transport and energization of solar energetic particles, which has been difficult to resolve from prior observations. The Parker Solar Probe ISʘIS data are made public soon after receipt at Earth (which can be many months after the observations). We will also discuss how to get access to the data.
Identification of Similar Seismic Waves Using the Phase-Only Correlation Function and Wavelet Transform

Accurately determined acoustic emission (AE) locations provide significant information on fracture systems, such as the orientation of fractures in a geothermal reservoir. To determine the relative source locations among a group of seismic events, similar AE waveforms must be detected and the relative arrival times of the P and S waves must be determined. In this paper, a method to identify similar AE waveforms is proposed, in which wavelet transform scalograms are used to determine the phase-only correlation function. The proposed method was applied to arbitrarily selected seismic waveforms, and its feasibility was evaluated by comparing the results with those obtained when the phase-only correlation function was obtained by using Fourier transform results.
Explaining Individual Differences in Advantageous Inequity Aversion by Social-Affective Trait Dimensions and Family Environment

Humans are averse to both having less (i.e., disadvantageous inequity aversion [IA]) and having more than others (i.e., advantageous IA). However, the social-affective traits that drive individual differences in IA are not well understood. Here, by combining a modified dictator game and a computational model, we found in a sample of incarcerated adolescents (N = 67) that callous-unemotional traits were specifically associated with low advantageous but not disadvantageous IA. We replicated and extended the finding in a large-scale university student sample (N = 2,250) by adopting a dimensional approach to social-affective trait measures. We showed that advantageous IA was strongly and negatively associated with a trait dimension characterized by callousness and lack of social emotions (e.g., guilt and compassion). A supportive family environment negatively correlated with this trait dimension and positively with advantageous IA. These results identify a core set of social-affective dimensions specifically associated with advantageous IA.