Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regional Economic Integration and its Impacts on Growth, Poverty and Income Distribution: The Case of Thailand

ตามกรอบของภมภาค ประเทศไทยไดดำเนนความพยายามอยางยงยวด ทจะทำขอตกลงความรวมมอ รวมถงขอตกลงการคาเสร กบหลายประเทศ ไดแก จน อนเดย ออสเตรเลย นวซแลนด ญปน และสหรฐอเมรกา จดประสงคของบทความนกคอ การวเคราะหดานนโยบายของขอตกลงดงกลาว ทมผลตอเศรษฐกจไทย โดยใชแบบจำลองดลยภาพทวไปของโลก อาจกลาวไดวา กลยทธการทำขอตกลงการคาเสร และการกอตงเขตการคาเสรในเอเชยตะวนออกนน จะเปนการกระตนความเจรญเตบโตและการลงทน ตลอดจนสวสดการของประเทศไทย อยางไรกตาม ผลกระทบตอการกระจายรายไดนน แตกตางกนไปตามรปแบบของการผลตและการคา ตลอดจนขนาดของการเปดการคาเสรในประเทศคตกลงนน ผลการวเคราะหแสดงใหเหนวา ประเทศไทยจะไดประโยชนจากการทำขอตกลงกบประเทศญปนมากทสด ทงในแงของสวสดการ และการกระจายรายได ผลการศกษายงไดนำไปสขอแนะนำทสำคญอกวา ประเทศไทยควรสานตอขอตกลงเขตการคาเสรกบประเทศญปน เพราะเปนเงอนไขทสำคญในการลดผลกระทบในทางลบตอการกระจายรายไดทเกดขนจากการทำขอตกลงกบประเทศอน ๆ นอกจากนน ประเทศไทยจะไดประโยชนจากการสนบสนนการกอตงเขตการคาเสรในเอเชยตะวนออกอกดวย สำหรบขอตกลงเขตการคาเสรกบสหรฐอเมรกานน ผลการศกษาแสดงใหเหนวา เงอนไขสำคญในการลดผลกระทบตอการกระจายรายไดของไทยกคอ การเปดเสรภาคการเกษตรของสหรฐอเมรกานนเอง
Prediction of human pharmacokinetics – evaluation of methods for prediction of volume of distribution

The aim was to evaluate and review methods for prediction of the steady‐state volume of distribution (VD,ss) of xenobiotics in man. For allometry, ˜30–40% of predictions are classified as incorrect, humans and animals belong to different VD,ss categories for ˜30% of the compounds, maximum prediction errors are large (>10‐fold), the b‐exponent ranges between −0.2 and 2.2 (averaging ˜0.8–0.9), and >2‐fold prediction errors are found for 35% of the substances. The performance is consistent with species differences of binding in and outside the vasculature. The largest errors could potentially lead to very poor prediction of exposure profile and failure in clinical studies. A re‐evaluation of allometric scaling of unbound tissue volume of distribution demonstrates that this method is less accurate (27% of predictions >2‐fold errors) than a previous evaluation demonstrated. By adding molecular descriptor information, predictions based on animal VD,ss data can be improved. Improved predictions (˜1/10 of allometric errors) can also be obtained by using the relationship between unbound fraction in plasma (fu,pl) and VD,ss for each substance (method suggested by the author). A physiologically‐based 4‐compartment model (plasma, red blood cells, interstitial fluid and cell volume) together with measured tissue‐plasma partitioning coefficients in rats, fu,pl, interstitial‐plasma concentration ratio of albumin, organ weight and blood flow data has been successfully applied. Prediction errors for one basic and one neutral drug are only 3–5%. The data obtained with this comparably laboratory‐intensive method are limited to these two compounds. A similar approach where predicted tissue partitioning is used, and a computational model, give prediction errors similar to that of allometry. Advantages with these are the suitability for screening and avoidance of animal experiments. The evaluated methods do not account for potential active transport and slow dissociation rates.
Face Hallucination with Tiny Unaligned Images by Transformative Discriminative Neural Networks

Conventional face hallucination methods rely heavily on accurate alignment of low-resolution (LR) faces before upsampling them. Misalignment often leads to deficient results and unnatural artifacts for large upscaling factors. However, due to the diverse range of poses and different facial expressions, aligning an LR input image, in particular when it is tiny, is severely difficult. To overcome this challenge, here we present an end-to-end transformative discriminative neural network (TDN) devised for super-resolving unaligned and very small face images with an extreme upscaling factor of 8. Our method employs an upsampling network where we embed spatial transformation layers to allow local receptive fields to line-up with similar spatial supports. Furthermore, we incorporate a class-specific loss in our objective through a successive discriminative network to improve the alignment and upsampling performance with semantic information. Extensive experiments on large face datasets show that the proposed method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art.
Characterisation of propagation in 60 GHz radio channels (invited)

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Effect of strength training on human patella tendon mechanical properties of older individuals

This study investigated the effect of strength training on the mechanical properties of the human patella tendon of older individuals. Subjects were assigned to training (n= 9; age 74.3 ± 3.5 years, body mass 69.7 ± 14.8 kg and height 163.4 ± 9.1 cm, mean ±s.d.) and control (n= 9; age 67.1 ± 2 years, body mass 73.5 ± 14.9 kg and height 168.3 ± 11.5 cm) groups. Strength training (two series of 10 repetitions at 80 % of five‐repetition maximum) was performed three times per week for 14 weeks using leg extension and leg press exercises. Measurements of tendon elongation during a ramp isometric knee extension were performed before and after training and control periods in vivo using ultrasonography. Training caused a decreased tendon elongation and strain at all levels of force and stress (P < 0.01). Baseline tendon elongation and strain at maximal tendon load were 4.7 ± 1.1 mm and 9.9 ± 2.2 %, respectively (maximum force: 3346 ± 1168 N; maximum stress: 40 ± 11 MPa). After training, these values decreased to 2.9 ± 1.2 mm and 5.9 ± 2.4 % (P < 0.01), respectively (maximum force: 3555 ± 1257 N; maximum stress: 42 ± 11 MPa). Tendon stiffness increased by 65 % (2187 ± 713 to 3609 ± 1220 N mm−1; P < 0.05) and Young's modulus increased by 69 % (1.3 ± 0.3 to 2.2 ± 0.8 GPa; P < 0.01). As a result of these changes, the rate of torque development increased by 27 % (482.8 ± 302.5 to 612.6 ± 401 N m s−1; P < 0.01) following training. No significant changes occurred in any measured variables in the control group (P > 0.05). This study shows for the first time that strength training in old age increases the stiffness and Young's modulus of human tendons. This may reduce the risk of tendon injury in old age and has implications for contractile force production and the rapid execution of motor tasks.
A novel MPPT control algorithm based on numerical calculation for PV generation systems

In the future solar energy will be very important energy source. It is noticeable that the output characteristics of a PV array are influenced by the environment factors, and the conversion efficiency of PV arrays is very low. Therefore a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique is needed to draw peak power from the solar array in order to maximize the produced energy. This paper introduces a novel MPPT control algorithm for photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems. The proposed algorithm based on numerical calculation is able to perform MPPT with only one step by quadratic interpolation. And a constant voltage tracking (CVT) startup is used in the MPPT method to enhance the accuracy and the speediness. The rationality and the feasibility of the algorithm developed in this paper are verified by building simulation model using MATLAB SIMULINK tool. The results indicate that the proposed approach can effectively improve the MPPT speed and accuracy simultaneously.
2012 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF CARBON DIOXIDE FOR DISPOSAL INTO SUB-SEABED GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS

1.1 Carbon dioxide sequestration in sub-seabed geological formations is a process consisting of separation of carbon dioxide from industrial and energy-related sources, transport to an offshore geological formation, and long-term isolation from the atmosphere. This process is one option in a portfolio of mitigation actions for stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations with the potential for significant benefits at the local, regional and global levels over both the short and long-terms. The intent of carbon dioxide sequestration in sub-seabed geological formations is to prevent release into the biosphere of substantial quantities of carbon dioxide derived from human activities. The aim is to retain the carbon dioxide streams within these geological formations permanently.
Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence for the detection of liver cancer and abnormal liver tissue

In this paper, laser induced human serum Raman spectra of liver cancer are measured. The spectra in serum differences between normal people and liver cancer patients are analyzed. For the typical spectrum of normal serum, there are three sharp Raman peaks and relative intensity of Raman peaks excited by 514.5 nm is higher than that excited by 488.0 nm. However, for the Raman spectrum of liver cancer serum there are no peaks or very weak Raman peaks at the same positions. To liver cirrhosis, the shape of Raman peak is similar to normal and fluorescence spectrum is similar to that of liver cancer from statistic data. The results from more than two hundred case measurements show that the spectral diagnosis was in good agreement with the clinical result. Moreover, the liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis were studied using the technology of LIF. The experiment indicates that the blue shift of fluorescence peak difference between the normal, liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis were observed. These results have important reference values to explore the method of laser spectrum diagnosis.
Automatic and interactive mesh to T-spline conversion

In Geometry Processing, and more specifically in surface approximation, one of the most important issues is the automatic generation of a quad-dominant control mesh from an arbitrary shape (e.g. a scanned mesh). One of the first fully automatic solutions was proposed by Eck and Hoppe in 1996. However, in the industry, designers still use manual tools (see e.g. cyslice). The main difference between a control mesh constructed by an automatic method and the one designed by a human user is that in the second case, the control mesh follows the features of the model. More precisely, it is well known from approximation theory that aligning the edges with the principal directions of curvature improves the smoothness of the reconstructed surface, and this is what designers intuitively do. In this paper, our goal is to automatically construct a control mesh driven by the anisotropy of the shape, mimicking the mesh that a designer would create manually. The control mesh generated by our method can be used by a wide variety of representations (splines, subdivision surfaces .). We demonstrate our method applied to the automatic conversion from a mesh of arbitrary topology into a T-Spline surface. Our method first extracts an initial mesh from a PGP (Periodic Global Parameterization). To facilitate user-interaction, we extend the PGP method to take into account optional user-defined information. This makes it possible to locally tune the orientation and the density of the control mesh. The user can also interactively remove edges or sketch additional ones. Then, from this initial control mesh, our algorithm generates a valid T-Spline control mesh by enforcing some validity constraints. The valid T-Spline control mesh is finally fitted to the original surface, using a classic regularized optimization procedure. To reduce the L approximation error below a user-defined threshold, we iteratively use the T-Spline adaptive local refinement.
Extending the Range of Delivery Drones by Exploratory Learning of Energy Models

Delivery drones have a fairly short range due to their limited battery life. We propose new exploration strategies to generate paths for a drone to reach its destination while learning about the energy consumption on each edge on its path so as to optimize its range in future missions. As the energy consumption mostly depends on the payload, the wind direction, and the wind speed, we developed an energy model to estimate the energy consumption based on these factors. We evaluated our exploration strategies for learning the energy model in order to identify the set of all reachable destinations. We found that adding a small amount of perturbation to encourage exploration can increase the learning rate.
Ala1048→Asp Mutation in the Kinase Domain of Insulin Receptor Causes Defective Kinase Activity and Insulin Resistance

We identified a heterozygous missense mutation that substituted aspartic acid (GAC) for alanine (GCC) at codon 1048 of the insulin receptor gene in a patient who displayed typical symptoms of Type A syndrome of insulin resistance. The proband's mother and younger brother were also found to be heterozygous for the mutation. We constructed the identified mutant insulin receptor cDNA by site-directed mutagenesis, transfected the mutant cDNA into COS 7 cells, and found that kinase activity of the mutant insulin receptors was markedly impaired. Ala1048 is located in the kinase domain of the insulin receptor β-subunit and is conserved in most of protein-tyrosine kinases. Besides, neighboring Glu1047 is invariant in all protein kinases and is thought to be involved in interaction with ATP. Photoaffinity labeling of the mutant insulin receptor with ATP analogue, 8-azido (α-32P)ATP was not influenced by the mutation, suggesting that the mutation did not inhibit ATP binding but possibly interfered with subsequent phosphoryl transfer. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of exogenous substrate by partially purified insulin receptors prepared from COS 7 cells that were cotransfected with wild-type and mutant insulin receptor cDNAs was markedly impaired, whereas autophosphorylation was decreased by ∼ 50% of wild-type receptors. These results indicated that the identified heterozygous substitution of Asp for Ala1048 in insulin receptor was responsible for insulin resistance of this patient.
Evaluation of tests to predict metallo-β-lactamase in cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-(CF) Pseudomonas

Double disks synergy test (DDST) and combined disks test (CD) were evaluated to predict the presence of metallo-β-lactamase in 70 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis patients. DDSTCAZ-EDTA 1 cm and CDIMP-EDTA tests showed the best accuracy (94.3%). Furthermore, for other combinations, accuracy unsatisfactory was obtained.
Stapled Trans-Anal Rectal Resection (STARR) in the Surgical Treatment of the Obstructed Defecation Syndrome

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Stapled Trans-Anal Rectal Resection (STARR) in the treatment of Obstructed Defecation Syndrome ODS by the analysis of the data collected in the STARR Italian Registry (SIR) with a special emphasis on the analysis of symptoms and quality of life. Methods: Collected data included, preoperative tests findings, and the evaluation of symptoms; the latter was obtained by using dedicated tools such as the Obstructed Defecation Syndrome Score (ODS-S), the Severity Symptom Score (SSS), and the Continence Grading Scale (CGS). Data on the quality of life were collected by Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QoL) and the Euro Quality of Life–5 Domains Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-5D VAS). The evaluation of the symptoms and the quality of life was repeated 6 and 12 months after surgery. Results: The SIR had collected data on 2171 patients (1653 females, 76.1%; mean age 56.2years; range 20-96 years). A significant improvement (P < .0001) was seen between preoperative and 12-month follow-up in all scores: ODS-S (16.7 vs 5.0), SSS (15.6 vs 2.6), CGS (2.0 vs 0.7), PAC-QoL (51.0 vs 22.1), and EQ-5D VAS (57.5 vs 85.7). Complications included defecatory urgency (4.5% at 12 months), bleeding (3.6%), perineal sepsis (3.4%), and one case of rectovaginal fistula (0.05%). Conclusion: The analysis of SIR data seems to confirm that STARR is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of ODS. However, further studies are required to evaluate the long-term stability of results.
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON DIFFERENT COIL CONFIGURATIONS USED FOR INDUCTION HEATING SYSTEM

Induction heating system has a number of inherent benefits compared to traditional heating systems due to a non-contact heating process. The main interesting area of the induction heating process is the efficiency of the usage of energy, choice of the plate material and different coil configurations based on application. Correctly designed, manufactured and maintained induction coils are critical to the overall efficiency of induction heating solutions. The important investment in induction heating process is in highly qualified coil technicians and advanced coil design equipment and got benefit by having coils that are customized to their specific needs and conditions, The objective of the present work reviews different coil configurations used for the induction heating Process which is based on application such as surface hardening, Casting, Rolling, welding, Brazing, Bonding, Post Heating and Water Heating. Induction method of heating is wide spread used in numerous technological processes for hot forming, surface hardening, annealing, etc. It is extremely effective because of its contactless energy transfer, unlimited power densities and controlled temperature field in the work piece. However, high potential of induction heating can be fully realized on the basis of numerical simulation only. All technological processes used induction method of heating is multi physical. Heating by induction it includes electromagnetic and thermal physics, which are strongly coupled because of temperature dependent properties of the work piece material. Induction heating is a process which is used to bond, harden or soften metals or other conductive materials (5). For many modern manufacturing processes, induction heating offers an attractive combination of speed, consistency and control. Many industries have benefited from this new breakthrough by implementing induction heating for furnacing, quenching and welding.
Iron deficiency anaemia

Iron deficiency is a highly prevalent form of undernutrition, affecting around one-fourth of the world’s women and children, and is one of the most common causes of anaemia. We conducted comprehensive reviews of published literature linking iron deficiency to disability and death for four potential outcomes: child mortality, perinatal mortality, maternal mortality and mild mental retardation. For all of these outcomes, the best available data were prospective observational studies in which anaemia or haemoglobin concentration was the risk factor. Data on child mortality were not adequate for this task, although a true risk cannot be precluded by the data. Summary relative risks for perinatal mortality (10 studies), maternal mortality (six studies) and mental retardation (five studies) were estimated using random effects models (both mortality outcomes) or a fixed-effects model (retardation) and weighting individual estimates by the inverse of their within-study variance. For mortality outcomes, the bivariate relations between haemoglobin and death were used. In two studies of perinatal mortality, unadjusted and multivariate adjusted odds ratios were compared to assess the potential degree of bias in the unadjusted associations. For mental retardation, published multivariate adjusted relations between haemoglobin and IQ were used. Global anaemia prevalence data were supplied by the World Health Organization (WHO), and converted to mean haemoglobin concentrations, assuming normal distribution and observed standard deviations from a large number of studies. To estimate the haemoglobin distribution if iron deficiency were corrected, we assumed the prevalence of anaemia in women and children would be reduced by 50%. On average, for the world, this would increase haemoglobin concentration by about 0.45g/dl (range: 0.0g/dl to 1.28g/dl). Chapter 3
Cadherin Engagement Regulates Rho family GTPases*

The formation of cell-cell adherens junctions is a cadherin-mediated process associated with reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Because Rho family GTPases regulate actin dynamics, we investigated whether cadherin-mediated adhesion regulates the activity of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42. Confluent epithelial cells were found to have elevated Rac1 and Cdc42 activity but decreased RhoA activity when compared with low density cultures. Using a calcium switch method to manipulate junction assembly, we found that induction of cell-cell junctions increased Rac1 activity, and this was inhibited by E-cadherin function-blocking antibodies. Using the same calcium switch procedure, we found little effect on RhoA activity during the first hour of junction assembly. However, over several hours, RhoA activity significantly decreased. To determine whether these effects are mediated directly through cadherins or indirectly through engagement of other surface proteins downstream from junction assembly, we used a model system in which cadherin engagement is induced without cell-cell contact. For these experiments, Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing C-cadherin were plated on the extracellular domain of C-cadherin immobilized on tissue culture plates. Whereas direct cadherin engagement did not stimulate Cdc42 activity, it strongly inhibited RhoA activity but increased Rac1 activity. Deletion of the C-cadherin cytoplasmic domain abolished these effects.
Hepatic steroid hydroxylating enzymes are controlled by the sexually dimorphic pattern of growth hormone secretion in normal and dwarf rats

In rats, the onset of the sexually dimorphic pattern of growth hormone (GH) secretion and increased hepatic GH‐binding capacity at puberty are temporally correlated with the sex‐dependent expression of some hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in steroid metabolism. There are indications that the expression of the GH receptor gene itself is dependent on the sexually differentiated pattern of GH secretion. However, the molecular mechanisms by which a given pattern of GH secretion turns on a specific set of genes in the hepatocyte are not yet understood. Studies of the cytochrome P450 2C gene subfamily in hypophysectomized rats and isolated hepatocytes suggest that one major mechanism of GH action in the liver occurs through modulation of gene transcriptional initiation. The occurrence, in dwarf rats and in rats treated neonatally with monosodium glutamate, of sex differences in GH secretion and liver steroid metabolism typical of normal rats, in spite of a 95% reduction in pituitary GH levels, is compatible with the notion that extremely low levels of circulating GH are sufficient to regulate the expression of liver steroid‐metabolizing enzymes. This, together with the fact that single daily subcutaneous injections of GH are sufficient to masculinize the liver of a hypophysectomized rat, indicates that neither the amplitude nor the frequency of the GH pulse is recognized as male or female by the hepatocyte, but rather the complete and prolonged suppression (in males) or the persistence (in females) of circulating GH during the trough period after a GH surge. —Legraverend, C. ; Mode, A. ; Wells, T. ; Robinson, I. ; Gustafsson, J.‐A. Hepatic steroid hydroxylating enzymes are controlled by the sexually dimorphic pattern of growth hormone secretion in normal and dwarf rats. FASEB J. 6: 711‐718; 1992.