Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of headlamp area on discomfort glare

This laboratory study evaluated the effect of the size of the glare source on discomfort glare. The subjects performed two simultaneous tasks: continuous compensatory tracking, and evaluation of discomfort from glare stimuli presented periodically in the near visual periphery. The glare stimuli were circles of two sizes (approximately 0.3 and 0.6° in diameter), and produced five illuminance levels (from 0.03 to 3.1 lux) at the observer's eye. Subjects used a nine-point response scale to evaluate discomfort glare. The results indicate that there was a small but statistically significant effect of the size of glare source, with the smaller glare stimuli resulting in more discomfort glare. The mean difference over the range of glare illuminances tested was 0.2 points on the nine-point response scale.
Ethical leadership and program to reduce unethical behaviour among public employees

ABSTRACT Ethical leadership has been considered the central source of ethical guidance for employees in the workplace. Our study tested the effects of ethical leadership on unethical behaviour of public employees through ethics programsbased on social learning theory and reinforcement theory. Using survey data obtained from U.S. federal agencies, we found that ethical leadership reduced unethical behaviour among public employees. Furthermore, the use of ethics programs mediated the positive relationship between ethical leadership and the ethical behaviour of public employees. These results indicated the importance of ethical leadership and effective ethics programs in reducing unethical behaviour by public employees.
The Application of GPS Principle in the Accuracy Detection of NC Machine

How to quickly and accurately detect the error of NC machine has become a hot issue for domestic and foreign scholars. Based on GPS principle, a laser tracker is adopted the multi-station and time-sharing measurement to rapidly and accurately detect the geometric accuracy of NC machine. The machine is controlled to move in the preset path, and a laser tracker is used to measure the same motion trajectory of the machine successively at different base stations. The position of base station and the space coordinates of measuring points can be determined based on large amount of measured data. The algorithms of multi-station and time-sharing measurement are given, and the influencing factors of measurement results are discussed in the paper. Meanwhile, a detection system of machine error is developed based on the platform of Matlab, which can quickly process the measured data and shows each error of machine intuitively.
On Injectivity of an Integral Operator Connected to Riemann Hypothesis

Using the equivalent formulation of RH given by Beurling ([4],1955), Alcantara-Bode showed ([2], 1993) that Riemann Hypothesisholds if and only if the integral operator on the Hilbert space L2(0; 1)having the kernel defined by fractional part function of the expressionbetween brackets {y/x}, is injective.Since then, the injectivity of the integral operator used in equivalentformulation of RH has not been addressed nor has been dissociatedfrom RH and, a pure mathematics solution for RH is not ready yet.Here is a numerical analysis approach of the injectivity of the linearbounded operators on separable Hilbert spaces addressing the problemslike the one presented in [2]. Apart of proving the injectivity of theBeurling - Alcantara-Bode integral operator, we obtained the followingresult: every linear bounded operator (or its associated Hermitian),strict positive definite on a dense family of including approximationsubspaces in L2(0,1) built on simple functions, is injective if the rateof convergence to zero of its unbounded sequence of inverse conditionnumbers on approximation subspaces is o(n-s) for some s ≥ 0. Whens = 0, the sequence is inferior bounded by a not null constant, that isthe case in the Beurling - Alcantara-Bode integral operator.In the Theorem 4.1 we addressed with numerical analysis toolsthe injectivity of the integral operator in [2] claiming that - even if asolution in pure mathematics is desired, together with the Theorem 1,pg. 153 in [2], the RH holds.
Food, poverty, and power in Latin America and the Caribbean

World Bank development indicators are used to show how increased production and use of electricity is strongly associated with a good quality of life for the 2.5–3 billion people around the world now living on less than US$2 a day, and for the probable future population increase in many countries. Twenty Latin American and Caribbean countries were included in this study, and their respective development indicators were compared. Some comparisons were made with world averages and with data from the same development indicators in the United States and Sweden.
A crossover control study of three methods of heat acclimation on the magnitude and kinetics of adaptation

What is the central question to the study? Are primary indices of heat adaptation (e.g., expansion of plasma volume and reduction in resting core temperature) differentially affected by the three major modes of short‐term heat acclimation, that is, exercise in the heat, hot water immersion and sauna? What it the main finding and its importance? The three modes elicited typical adaptations expected with short‐term heat acclimation, but these were not significantly different between modes. This comparison has not previously been made and highlights that individuals can expect similar adaptation to heat regardless of the mode used.
A surface‐based integral‐equation formulation for coupled electromagnetic and circuit simulation

A surface‐based integral‐equation formulation for coupled electromagnetic and circuit simulation is presented. The approach is sufficiently general to model arbitrarily shaped structures and high‐frequency skin effects. The formulation is implemented in both an equivalent circuit form for spice compatibility, and in a more general form as a coupled‐matrix system outside spice. The overall approach can be interpreted as either a modified surface‐only partial element equivalent circuit approach, or as a circuit‐coupled version of the surface‐based method of moments. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 103–106, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10386
Push‐push voltage controlled dielectric resonator oscillator using a LTCC technology

A push–push voltage‐controlled dielectric resonator oscillator (VCDRO) with a modified frequency tuning structure is investigated. The push–push VCDRO designed at 16 GHz is manufactured using a low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology to reduce the circuit size. The frequency tuning structure is embedded in a layer of A6 substrate by an advantage of LTCC process. Experimental results show that the fundamental frequency suppression is above 30 dBc, and a phase noise of push–push VCDRO presents a good performance of −103 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset frequency from carrier. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1824–1827, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22619
Assessment of Undergraduate Business Education Students' Usage of Social Networking as a Platform For Entrepreneurship Activities In North-West, Nigeria

The study assessed the undergraduate business education students' usage of social networking as a platform for entrepreneurship activities in North-west, Nigeria. Specifically, the study had five objectives, five research questions and five null hypotheses. The study anchored theory of Technology Acceptance Model of Ajzen and Fishbein's, (1980) and Division of Innovation Theory (DOI) of Rogers (1995). The study adopted a survey research design. The population of this study comprises of all the 407 final undergraduate business education 2019/2020 academic session in North-west Nigeria. The entire population was used for the study. The instrument for the data collection was a structured questionnaire. The instrument was validated by four experts, pilot tested and a reliability coefficient of 0.81 was obtained. The data were collected by the researcher assisted by four research assistants using personal contact method. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation was employed to answer the research questions. The hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed among others that the level of students' awareness, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of social networking as a platform for entrepreneurship activities in tertiary institutions in North-west Nigeria was low. Based on these, it was concluded that the business education will not reap the benefit of social networking sites to searcher for business opportunities, venture into business and meet the needs of their technologically savvy customers. It was recommended among others that business education lecturers should create awareness on students on the role of social networking as a platform for entrepreneurship activities.
A Comparative Evaluation of Sustainable Binders for Environmentally Friendly Carbon-Based Supercapacitors

Environmentally friendly energy storage devices have been fabricated by using functional materials obtained from completely renewable resources. Gelatin, chitosan, casein, guar gum and carboxymethyl cellulose have been investigated as sustainable and low-cost binders within the electrode active material of water-processable symmetric carbon-based supercapacitors. Such binders are selected from natural-derived materials and industrial by-products to obtain economic and environmental benefits. The electrochemical properties of the devices based on the different binders are compared by using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge curves and impedance spectroscopy. The fabricated supercapacitors exhibit series resistance lower than a few ohms and values of the specific capacitance ranged between 30 F/g and 80 F/g. The most performant device can deliver ca. 3.6 Wh/kg of energy at a high power density of 3925 W/kg. Gelatin, casein and carboxymethyl cellulose-based devices have shown device stability up to 1000 cycles. Detailed analysis on the charge storage mechanisms (e.g., involving faradaic and non-faradaic processes) at the electrode/electrolyte interface reveals a pseudocapacitance behavior within the supercapacitors. A clear correlation between the electrochemical performances (e.g., cycle stability, capacitance retention, series resistance value, coulombic efficiency) ageing phenomena and charge storage mechanisms within the porous carbon-based electrode have been discussed.
ResearchArticle A Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging System for Surgical Guidance

Correspondence should be addressed to Brian C. Wilson, wilson@uhnres.utoronto. caReceived 3 March 2008; Accepted 28 June 2008Recommended by Stoyan TanevA 3-chip CCD imaging system has been developed for quantitative in vivo ﬂuorescence imaging. This incorporates a ratiometricalgorithm to correct for the eﬀects of tissue optical absorption and scattering, imaging “geometry” and tissue autoﬂuorescencebackground. The performance was characterized, and the algorithm was validated in tissue-simulating optical phantoms forquantitative measurement of the ﬂuorescent molecule protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The technical feasibility to use this system forﬂuorescence-guided surgical resection of malignant brain tumor tissue was assessed in an animal model in which PpIX was inducedexogenously in the tumor cells by systemic administration of aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Copyright © 2008 Eduardo H. Moriyama et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.
Synthesis of Tchebycheff Impedance-Matching Networks, Filters, and Interstages

Work of R. M. Fano on the theoretical limitations of broad-band impedance-matching is utilized to give a straightforward procedure for synthesis of optimum, lossless, Tchebycheff, wide-band impedance-matching networks for various classes of loads. The loads which are treated consist of an inductance, capacitance, and a resistance (all of arbitrary size) connected in series, parallel, or any of a variety of series-parallel combinations. Procedures are described and examples are presented for low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass matching network design for use with specified loads so as to meet prescribed bandwidth and reflection coefficient magnitude specifications (i.e., any specifications that are physically realizable). The design procedure is simplified by the use of tabulated reflection coefficient polynomials, each of which is a function of frequency p and a design parameter. The application of this procedure to Tchebycheff filter and vacuum-tube amplifier, interstage design, is also discussed.
Motion Simulation Capabilities of Three-Degree-of-Freedom Flight Simulators

We present the results of a study aimed at determining the simulation realism that might be achieved using reduced-degree-of-freedom flight simulator motion bases. More specifically, the quality of motion produced by two different three-degree-of-freedom platforms was compared to that produced by a conventional six-degree-of-freedom Stewart platform. The three-degree-of-freedom motion bases investigated were a spherical mechanism allowing only rotational motions, as well as a motion base capable of heave, pitch, and roll motions. To compare the different motion bases, three characteristic maneuvers were simulated using a nonlinear model of a Boeing 747. The aircraft motions were then simulated on nine different combinations of virtual motion platforms and motion base drive algorithms. The motion cues (specific forces and angular velocities) produced in this manner were then graphically compared. The analysis revealed that, in most cases, a three-degree-of-freedom simulator is capable of producing motion simulation quality comparable to that produced by a six-degree-of-freedom Stewart platform
Multi-band internal monopole antenna for mobile station

In this paper, we propose a multi-band internal monopole type antenna for mobile station. We design and implement the multi-band internal monopole type antenna for cellular (824 ~ 894 MHz), GPS (Global Positioning System: 1,575.42 MHz), K-PCS (Korea - Personal Communication Service: 1,750 ~ 1,870 MHz) and S-DMB (Satellite-Digital Multimedia Broadcasting: 2,630 ~ 2,655 MHz) frequency bands with three branch lines. The antenna size of example design is 42.5 mm times 7 mm times 6.5 mm. Ground size is 67 mm times 42 mm, and the proposed antenna is located at the 3 mm away from the top portion of ground plane. The proposed antenna shows a monopole-like radiation pattern. Measured peak gains are -1.63 dBi at 0.859 GHz, 1.76 dBi at 1.575 GHz, 3.89 dBi at 1.810 GHz and 5.57 dBi at 2.642 GHz.
First detection of human pathogenic variant of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in field‐collected Haemaphysalis longicornis, Pennsylvania, USA

The Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, an invasive species associated with human pathogens, has spread rapidly across the eastern USA. Questing H. longicornis ticks recovered from active surveillance conducted from 1 May to 6 September, 2019 throughout Pennsylvania were tested for rickettsial pathogens. Of 265 ticks tested by PCR for pathogens, 4 (1.5%) were positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed two positives as A. phagocytophilum–human agent variant. This is the first reported detection of A. phagocytophilum–human pathogenic strain DNA in exotic H. longicornis collected in the USA.
Enhanced two-antenna structures for universal mobile telecommunications system diversity terminals

The design of several universal mobile telecommunications system multi-antenna systems with radiators having a high isolation, a high total efficiency and a low envelope correlation is presented. First, two planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs), closely positioned at the top edge of a small ground plane whose size is representative of the printed circuit board of a mobile phone, are described. A technical solution is then proposed to increase the isolation between the antennas and enhance their total efficiency when still keeping them closely spaced. The technical solution is based on an optimal neutralisation technique, applied between the antennas of the structure. Several optimal systems, based on different parameters, are fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured S-parameters are presented in addition to the gain radiation patterns, the surface currents on the structure and the theoretical and experimental total efficiencies. The envelope correlation coefficients are also computed using two different equations. It is then demonstrated that, with the help of the neutralisation technique, a system composed of two closely spaced PIFAs located at the top edge of a small ground plane can lead to a high total efficiency and a low envelope correlation coefficient. In conclusion, this technique can be easily implemented at the terminal side of a wireless link and may enhance its diversity gain and multiple input multiple output performance.
A Review of Thermal Monitoring Techniques for Radial Permanent Magnet Machines

Permanent magnet machines are widely applied in motor drive systems. Therefore, condition monitoring of permanent magnet machines has great significance to assist maintenance. High temperatures are accountable for lots of typical malfunctions and faults, such as demagnetization of the permanent magnet (PM) and inter-turn short circuit of stator windings. Therefore, temperature monitoring of the PM and stator windings is essential for reliable operation. In this paper, an overview introducing and evaluating existing thermal monitoring methods is presented. First, the mechanism of thermal-caused failures for the PM and stator windings is introduced. Then, the design procedure and principles of existing temperature monitoring methods are introduced and summarized. Next, the evaluations and recommendations of application feasibility are demonstrated. Finally, the potential future challenges and opportunities for temperature monitoring of the PM and stator windings are discussed.
Self-Assembled 1-Octadecanethiol Membrane on Pd/ZnO for a Selective Room Temperature Flexible Hydrogen Sensor

A layer of self-assembled 1-octadecanethiol was used to fabricate a palladium (Pd)/zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle-based flexible hydrogen sensor with enhanced response and high selectivity at room temperature. A palladium film was first deposited using DC sputtering technique and later annealed to form palladium nanoparticles. The formation of uniform, surfactant-free palladium nanoparticles contributed to improved sensor response towards hydrogen gas at room temperature. The obtained sensor response was higher than for previously reported room temperature Pd/ZnO sensors. Furthermore, the use of the polymer membrane suppressed the sensor’s response to methane, moisture, ethanol, and acetone, resulting in the selective detection of hydrogen in the presence of the common interfering species. This study shows a viable low-cost fabrication pathway for highly selective room temperature flexible hydrogen sensors for hydrogen-powered vehicles and other clean energy applications.
Expected Competencies of Construction Management Graduates Working in China

Construction manager competencies in today's construction industry are the key factors of project success. Compared to traditional roles, they are faced with a situation showing a gradual shift in their roles and functions especially projects nowadays are encountering more and more complicated issues during construction phase and the increasing complexity of projects poses huge demand for construction managers possessing competencies capable to adapt to this changing industry environment by their knowledge and skills gained through training especially during their early years of construction management education received in polytechnics or universities. Such kind of training builds the foundations for construction managers enabling to develop further a way to adapt to the escalating expectations of the clients and more important related to the development of leadership, management and problem-solving skills construction organisations are looking for. This paper aim to evaluate the expected competencies of construction management graduates in China focusing on the development of construction manager during their early training and how the education institutes can make sure their curriculums capable to prepare learners for the changing needs of construction industry in China. The result of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for the excellent construction management curriculum design, thus encouraging education institutes to adopt industry-oriented approach to deal with ever-changing construction industry.
New equations for the dose under pulsative/periodic conditions in the design of coated stents

The notion of dose that comes from the biologists has been introduced by Delfour et al. (2005 SIAM J. Appl. Math. 65(3):858–881) in the context of coated stents to control restenosis. Assuming a stationary velocity profile of the blood flow in the lumen, it leads to a time-independent equation for the dose that considerably simplifies the analysis and the design problem. Under stable conditions the blood flow is pulsative, that is the velocity field can be assumed to be periodic. So it is necessary to justify the replacement of the periodic field by its time average over the pulsation period. In this paper, firstly we introduce the new unfolded dose and its equations without a priori constraint on the size of the period. So it can be used in biochemical problems where the period is large compared to the time constants of the system. Secondly, we show that, as the period goes to zero, the velocity field can be replaced by its average over the period. Numerical tests on a one-dimensional example are included to illustrate the theory.
Selected Factors Affecting Water-Balance Predictions for Alternative Covers Using Unsaturated Flow Models

This paper illustrates how water-balance predictions for alternative covers using two unsaturated flow models (VADOSE/W and UNSAT-H) are affected by three factors: (i) the function used to describe the soil-water characteristic curve and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function (k-function), (ii) the shape of the k-function, and the (iii) lower boundary condition used in the simulations. Field data from two alternative covers are used for comparison. Each factor is shown to have a marked effect on water-balance predictions, even though the same input data are used in each case. The findings suggest the need to identify the options and parameters that are most appropriate when simulating alternative covers.
Assessment of available transfer capability of transmission systems

The available transfer capability (ATC) of a transmission system is a measure of unutilized capability of the system at a given time and depends on a number of factors such as the system generation dispatch, system load level, load distribution in the network, power transfers between areas, network topology, and the limits imposed on the transmission network due to thermal, voltage and stability considerations. This paper describes a method for determining the ATC between any two locations in a transmission system (single-area or multiarea) under a given set of system operating conditions. The method also provides ATCs for selected transmission paths between the two locations in the system and identifies the most limiting facilities in determining the network's ATC. In addition, the method can be used to compute multiple ATCs between more than one pair of locations. The proposed method is illustrated using the IEEE reliability test system (RTS).