Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the cooling trend of SGR 0526−66

We present a systematic analysis of all archival Chandra observations of the soft gamma repeater SGR 0526-66. Our results show that the X-ray flux of SGR 0526-66 decayed by about 20 per cent between 2000 and 2009. We employ physically motivated X-ray spectral models and determine the effective temperature and the strength of the magnetic field at the surface as kT= 0.354+0.031-0.024 keV and 3.74x10^14 G, respectively. We find that the effective temperature remains constant within the statistical uncertainties and attribute the decrease in the source flux to a decrease in the emitting radius. We also perform timing analysis to measure the evolution of the spin period and the period derivative over the 9-year interval. We find a period derivative of (4.0+/-0.5)x10^-11 s s-1, which allows us to infer the dipole magnetic field strength and compare it with the one determined spectroscopically. Finally, we compare the effective temperature of SGR 0526-66 with the expected cooling trends from magnetized neutron stars and suggest an initial magnetic field strength of 10^15-10^16 G for the source.
THE AYRSHIRE AND ARRAN NURSES WITH SPECIALIST INTEREST IN PALLIATIVE CARE PROJECT: THE ROLE OF THE HOSPICE AS A LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

Living and Dying Well: A National Action Plan for Palliative and End of Life Care in Scotland (Scottish Government 2008) highlighted that optimal palliative care provision was highly dependent on professional carers' knowledge and skills. However, even though nurses that have most contact with dying people and their families their knowledge and skills in palliative care can be poor (Stevens 2009). To improve the quality of palliative care provision in both community and hospital settings NHS Ayrshire & Arran in conjunction with The University of the West of Scotland and Ayrshire Hospice re-modelled an academic palliative care course to provide nurses in key clinical positions with the knowledge and skills to influence and provide optimal palliative care within their own clinical environment. These “Nurses with a Specialist Interest in Palliative Care” undertook a12 week course which involved a blend of online learning and a 30 hour clinical placement within specialist palliative care. The poster will present a short rationale for the project and highlight the selection criteria for the Nurses before presenting the role of the hospice as a learning environment. The usefulness of the placement will be discussed utilising the Nurses' own evaluations as well as the independent evaluation of the project commissioned by the funder of the project Macmillan Cancer Support.
Research Article On the Lower Bound for the Number of Real Roots of a Random Algebraic Equation

where the aν(ω), ν= 0,1, . ,n, are random variables defined on a fixed probability space (Ω, ,Pr) assuming real values only. During the past 40–50 years, the majority of published researches on random algebraic polynomials has concerned the estimation of Nn(R,ω). Works by Littlewood and Offord [1], Samal [2], Evans [3], and Samal and Mishra [4–6] in the main concerned cases in which the random coefficients aν(ω) are independent and identically distributed. For dependent coefficients, Sambandham [7] considered the upper bound forNn(R,ω) in the case when the aν(ω), ν = 0,1, . ,n, are normally distributed with mean zero and joint density function |M|1/2(2π)−(n+1)/2 exp− (1/2)a′Ma, (1.2)
Self-Heating Effect in Intrinsic Tunneling Spectroscopy of Intercalated Single Crystals

intercalated (Bi2212) single crystals using photolithography and Ar ion milling techniques. Self-heating is the most common problem encountered in interlayer tunneling and it is likely to reduce the reliability of IJJ data. Although intercalation reduces heating a hundredfold, it still needs to be minimized substantially in order to approach the authentic superconducting energy gap observed by tunneling using more conventional junctions. We report tunneling characteristics of two mesas with the same height but different sizes ( and ) to show that heating effects are strongly related to IJJ stack size. For the smaller mesa, we observed an energy gap close to that seen in single SIN (S: superconductor, I: insulator, N: normal metal) and SIS break junctions as well as the dip and hump structures at high bias. The subgap data of mesa were successfully fit with a momentum averaged -wave model using convenient parameters. Thus our data is consistent with the predominant pairing symmetry suggested by point contact tunneling, break junction, scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and angle resolved photoemission measurements in
Generalisation of the Effects of Leisure Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients

A randomised controlled trial was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a leisure rehabilitation programme on functional performance and mood. The subjects were randomly allocated to three groups: a leisure rehabilitation group, a conventional occupational therapy group and a control group. The subjects assigned to the leisure and conventional occupational therapy groups received individual treatment at home on discharge from hospital. Baseline assessments were carried out on admission to the study and at 3 and 6 months after discharge from hospital by an assessor who was ‘Mind’ to group allocation. The subjects receiving leisure rehabilitation performed significantly better in mobility and psychological well-being than the subjects in the other two groups.
Hypothesis testing when a nuisance parameter is present only under the alternative

SUMMARY We wish to test a simple hypothesis against a family of alternatives indexed by a one-dimensional parameter, 0. We use a test derived from the corresponding family of test statistics appropriate for the case when 0 is given. Davies (1977) introduced this problem when these test statistics had normal distributions. The present paper considers the case when their distribution is chi-squared. The results are applied to the detection of a discrete frequency component of unknown frequency in a time series. In addition quick methods for finding approximate significance probabilities are given for both the normal and chi-squared cases and applied to the two-phase regression problem in the normal case.
Quantum geometry and quantum gravity

The purpose of this contribution is to give an introduction to quantum geometry and loop quantum gravity for a wide audience of both physicists and mathematicians. From a physical point of view the emphasis will be on conceptual issues concerning the relationship of the formalism with other more traditional approaches inspired in the treatment of the fundamental interactions in the standard model. Mathematically I will pay special attention to functional analytic issues, the construction of the relevant Hilbert spaces and the definition and properties of geometric operators: areas and volumes.
CANGAROO-III OBSERVATION OF TeV GAMMA RAYS FROM THE UNIDENTIFIED GAMMA-RAY SOURCE HESS J1614−518

We report the detection, with the CANGAROO-III imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array, of a very high energy gamma-ray signal from the unidentified gamma-ray source HESS J1614−518, which was discovered in the H.E. S.S. Galactic plane survey. Diffuse gamma-ray emission was detected above 760 GeV at the 8. 9σ level during an effective exposure of 54 hr from 2008 May to August. The spectrum can be represented by a power law: (8.2 ± 2.2stat ± 2.5sys) × 10−12 × (E/1 TeV)−γ cm−2 s−1 TeV−1 with a photon index γ of 2.4 ± 0.3stat ± 0.2sys, which is compatible with that of the H.E. S.S. observations. By combining our result with multiwavelength data, we discuss the possible counterparts for HESS J1614−518 and consider radiation mechanisms based on hadronic and leptonic processes for a supernova remnant (SNR), stellar winds from massive stars, and a pulsar wind nebula (PWN). Although a leptonic origin from a PWN driven by an unknown pulsar remains possible, hadronic-origin emission from an unknown SNR is preferred.
Compartment syndrome of the testicle: a case report and review of the literature

In this case report we describe a patient presenting with symptoms of right sided testicular torsion who, upon surgical exploration, was noted to no longer have a torsion of the spermatic cord but persisted in having an ischaemic testicle refractory to reperfusion. A testicular compartment syndrome was suspected and the patient underwent fasciotomy of the tunica albuginea, leading to full reperfusion and good clinical outcome at three weeks and 10 months. This case raises the question of the value of performing such fasciotomies in patients who would otherwise undergo orchidectomy. Following a review of the literature, we feel the technique may well have a place in the management of torsion, pending further study. Databases searched were Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Trip and NHS Evidence. Search criteria included ‘compartment’, ‘testicle’, ‘testicular’, ‘syndrome’, ‘compartment syndrome’ and testis’ and combinations of these key words.
Measurement of the top quark mass with the template method in the t ¯ t → lepton + jets channel using ATLAS data

The top quark mass has been measured using the template method in the t ¯ t → lepton + jets channel based on data recorded in 2011 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The data were taken at a proton-proton centre-of-mass energy of √ s = 7 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.04 fb − 1 . The analyses in the e + jets and μ + jets decay channels yield consistent results. The top quark mass is measured to be m top = 174 . 5 ± 0 . 6 stat ± 2 . 3 syst GeV.
Physics of ultracold Fermi gases revealed by spectroscopies

This article provides a brief review of how various spectroscopies have been used to investitage many-body quantum phenomena in the context of ultracold Fermi gases. In particular, work done with RF spectroscopy, Bragg spectroscopy and lattice modulation spectroscopy is considered. The theoretical basis of these spectroscopies, namely linear response theory in the many-body quantum physics context is briefly presented. Experiments related to the BCS–BEC crossover, imbalanced Fermi gases, polarons, possible pseudogap and Fermi liquid behaviour and measuring the contact are discussed. Remaining open problems and goals in the field are sketched from the perspective how spectroscopies could contribute.
PAPER Special Section on VLSI Design and CAD Algorithms Representations of Multiple-Output Functions Using Binary Decision Diagrams for Characteristic Functions

SUMMARY This paper proposes a method to construct smaller binary decision diagrams for characteristic functions (BDDs for CFs). A BDD for CF represents an n-input m-output function, and evaluates all the outputs in O(n+ m) time. We derive an upper bound on the number of nodes of the BDD for CF of n-bit adders (adrn). We also compare complexities of BDDs for CFs with those of shared binary decision diagrams (SBDDs) and multi-terminal binary decision diagrams (MTBDDs). Our experimental results show: 1) BDDs for CFs are usually much smaller than MTBDDs; 2) for adrn and for some benchmark circuits, BDDs for CFs are the smallest among the three types of BDDs; and 3) the proposed method often produces smaller BDDs for CFs than an existing method.
Improving Electronic Documentation of Pain Management in Nonverbal or Cognitively Impaired Outpatient Hospice Patients

Hospice nurses are faced with the difficult circumstance of accurately assessing and treating pain in patients who are not able to communicate their pain experiences. Based on nurses’ identification of the need for a tool to help them with this vital assessment, a study was developed and completed. The purpose of this study was to revise the existing electronic pain assessment documentation in the electronic charting system to reflect a comprehensive pain assessment that included the Checklist of Nonverbal Pain Indicators. Specifically, the goals of the study were to incorporate (1) the Checklist of Nonverbal Pain Indicators into the electronic documentation tool, (2) the caregiver’s description of pain into the pain assessment, (3) documentation of pathologies potentially causing pain, (4) the patient’s response to treatment, and (5) documentation of patient/family goals for pain management. An additional goal was to improve the hospice nurse’s perception of documentation as a support in relieving patient suffering. The process of implementation of the new tool is described in detail with an accompanying timeline. The nurses’ perceptions of their ability to manage patients’ pain were higher (P < .001) when using the new tool. Implications for clinical practice based on the study results are presented.
impaCto do ExErCíCio musCular Exaustivo soBrE indiCadorEs sanguínEos Em pratiCantEs dE musCulação IMPACT OF EXERCISING MUSCLES TO EXHAUSTION ON BLOOD MARKERS IN WEIGHT-TRAINING

Metabolic markers of physical exhaustion were evaluated in venous blood drawn from 8 men (20-30 years old) with at least 3 years' experience in weight-lifting training. They were submitted, in the morning, to an overload (exhaustion) test starting at 80% of 1 RM (one repetition maximum) on 8 muscle groups. Heart rate (HR) was measured and samples of venous blood were collected before and immediately after the exhaustion test (ET) and sent to a laboratory for blood gas analysis (pH, lactate, pO 2 , pCO 2 and HCO , Cl - , and uric acid did not change signifi cantly after the ET. The muscle groups: back, biceps, triceps, chest, and hamstrings exhibited changes in seven to nine indicators while only 4 to 6 biochemical indicators changed in response to shoulder, calf, and quadriceps exercises. Thus, blood markers indicating acidosis, hemoconcentration and hyperglycemia were sensitive markers although with low specifi city for the eight muscle groups. Calf and quadriceps had the highest tolerance for weight loading along with the smallest HR increase and lowest number of biochemical indicators changed. Therefore, it appears possible to reach muscle exhaustion with systemic responses in the blood by working out the arm muscles and hamstrings with lighter weights than for quadriceps and calf muscles.
The Unique Games Conjecture, Integrality Gap for Cut Problems and Embeddability of Negative Type Metrics into 1 (Extended Abstract)

In this paper we disprove the following conjecture due to Goemans [16] and Linial [24] (also see [5, 26]): “Every negative type metric embeds into � 1 with constant distortion. ” We show that for every δ> 0, and for large enough n, there is an n-point negative type metric which requires distortion at-least (log log n) 1/6−δ to embed into � 1. Surprisingly, our construction is inspired by the Unique Games Conjecture (UGC) of Khot [19], establishing a previously unsuspected connection between PCPs and the theory of metric embeddings. We first prove that the UGC implies super-constant hardness results for (non-uniform) SPARSEST CUT and MINIMUM UNCUT problems. It is already known that the UGC also implies an optimal hardness result for MAXIMUM CUT [20]. Though these hardness results depend on the UGC ,t he integrality gap instances rely “only” on thePCP reductions for the respective problems. Towards this, we first construct an integrality gap instance for a natural SDP relaxation of UNIQUE GAMES. Then, we “simulate” the PCP reduction and “translate” the integrality gap instance of UNIQUE GAMES to integrality gap instances for the respective cut problems! This enables us to prove a (log log n) 1/6−δ integrality gap for (non-uniform) SPARSEST CUT and MINIMUM UNCUT, and an optimal integrality gap for MAXIMUM CUT. All our SDP solutions satisfy the so-called “triangle inequality” constraints. This also shows, for the first time, that the triangle inequality constraints do not add any power to the Goemans-Williamson’sSDP relaxation of MAXIMUM CUT. The integrality gap for SPARSEST CUT immediately implies a lower bound for embedding negative type metrics into � 1. It also disproves the non-uniform version of Arora, Rao and Vazirani’s Conjecture [5], asserting that the integrality gap of the SPARSEST CUT SDP, with the triangle inequality constraints, is bounded from above by a constant.
Curettage and Cementation in Giant Cell Tumour of the Distal Tibia Using Polypropylene Mesh for Containment: A Case Report

Giant cell tumours of bone are best treated by extended curettage and filling in of the defect with cement or bone graft. In more advanced stages, when there is extensive loss of cortical bone cover, containment of the filling material is not possible and resection and reconstruction is required. We report a case of a recurrent giant cell tumour of the distal tibia in a 21-year-old female with extensive cortical bone loss in which polypropylene surgical mesh was used to contain the bone cement, thus avoiding a resection.
Preliminary Investigation of the Subchronic Hypolipidemic Actions of Hibiscus sabdariffa in Rats

Hibiscus sabdariffa is a popular medicinal plant that is claimed to have hypotensive and hypocholesterolemic actions in animals. The present preliminary study was conducted to assess the subchronic hypolipidemic actions of H. sabdariffa calyx in normal rats when administered as an aqueous extract. Twenty (20) Wistar albino rats were used for this study and were assigned into 4 groups. Group 1 rats were normal control and received distilled water (10 ml/kg) while Groups 2-4 Original Research Article
Coherent J/ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV

The ALICE Collaboration has made the ﬁrst measurement at the LHC of J /ψ photoproduction in ultra- peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2 . 76 TeV. The J /ψ is identiﬁed via its dimuon decay in the forward rapidity region with the muon spectrometer for events where the hadronic activity is required to be minimal. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 55 μb − 1 . The cross section for coherent J /ψ production in the rapidity interval − 3 . 6 < y < − 2 . 6 is measured to be d σ coh J /ψ / d y = 1 . 00 ± 0 . 18 ( stat ) + 0 . 24 − 0 . 26 ( syst ) mb. The result is compared to theoretical models for coherent J /ψ production and found to be in good agreement with those models which include nuclear gluon shadowing. © 2012 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The GALEX-SDSS NUV & FUV Flux Density and Local

ABSTRACT We calculate the local UV ﬂux density in the GALEX MIS FUV and NUV bandsusing redshifts provided by SDSS DR7. Luminosity functions are calculated for theoverlapping MIS and SDSS sample, allowing ﬂux densities to be measured and thelocal star formation rate (SFR) to be calculated using volumes much larger thanprevious FUV based estimates. We calculate ﬂux densities for a dust corrected lowredshift (0.013 6z 60.1) sample of f ν−FUV = 22.24 ± 3.13 ×10 25 h ergs s −1 Hz −1 Mpc −3 , f ν−NUV = 38.54 ± 5.30 ×10 25 h ergs s −1 Hz −1 Mpc 3 . The star formationrate density found is 0.0312±0.0045 hM ⊙ yr −1 Mpc −3 . This is larger than publishedrates recently found using the UV implied SFR, though the major discrepancy is thecorrectionmade for dust attenuation and once this is dealt with consistently the resultsagree well. These values are also consistent with recent H α derived SFRs. Once cosmicvariance is taken into account most of the recent SFRs at low redshift (z60.3) foundin the literature can be brought into agreement, however the lowest redshift values(z60.045) do appear to be signiﬁcantly lower.Key words: GALEX: SDSS: Luminosity Function: Star Formation Rate
Design of High Gain Microstrip Antenna forTHz Wireless Communication

2 ABSTRACT: The current space aviation demands high data rate wireless communication which leads to the exploration of an unallocated frequency spectrum viz. the terahertz spectrum spanning from a frequency range of 300GHz to 30THz. The problems of limited bandwidth and spectrum scarcity can also be resolved due to the use of these frequencies. The recent breakthrough in semiconductor technology has resulted in development of terahertz devices which amplified the interest of scientists in exploring terahertz region. High atmospheric attenuation and high free space path loss of THz waves acted as limiting factors for using THz waves for communication. But application of THz waves for space communication will not be affected as it is atmosphere free and free space path loss can be reduced by using high gain antenna. In this paper a high gain microstrip patch antenna has been designed using photonic band gap structure. The designed THz antenna proved to be advantageous for wireless space applications. The designed THz antenna provides a gain of 14.2 dB and a directivity of 14.54 dBi.
A 2-Approximation Algorithm for the Directed Multiway Cut Problem

A directed multiway cut separates a set of terminals T={s1, . , sk} in a directed capacitated graph G=(V,E). Finding a minimum directed multiway cut is an NP-hard problem. We give a polynomial-time algorithm that achieves an approximation factor of 2 for this problem. This improves the result of Garg, Vazirani, and Yannakakis [Proceedings of the 21st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, Jerusalem, Israel, 1994, pp. 487--498], who gave an algorithm that achieves an approximation factor of 2 log k. Our approximation algorithm uses a novel technique for relaxing a multiway flow function in order to find a directed multiway cut. It also implies that the integrality gap of the linear program for the directed multiway cut problem is at most 2.
The Analysis of Designed Experiments and Longitudinal Data by Using Smoothing Splines

In designed experiments and in particular longitudinal studies, the aim may be to assess the effect of a quantitative variable such as time on treatment effects. Modelling treatment effects can be complex in the presence of other sources of variation. Three examples are presented to illustrate an approach to analysis in such cases. The first example is a longitudinal experiment on the growth of cows under a factorial treatment structure where serial correlation and variance heterogeneity complicate the analysis. The second example involves the calibration of optical density and the concentration of a protein DNase in the presence of sampling variation and variance heterogeneity. The final example is a multienvironment agricultural field experiment in which a yield–seeding rate relationship is required for several varieties of lupins. Spatial variation within environments, heterogeneity between environments and variation between varieties all need to be incorporated in the analysis. In this paper, the cubic smoothing spline is used in conjunction with fixed and random effects, random coefficients and variance modelling to provide simultaneous modelling of trends and covariance structure. The key result that allows coherent and flexible empirical model building in complex situations is the linear mixed model representation of the cubic smoothing spline. An extension is proposed in which trend is partitioned into smooth and non‐smooth components. Estimation and inference, the analysis of the three examples and a discussion of extensions and unresolved issues are also presented.
Nonsmooth H∞ synthesis

We develop nonsmooth optimization techniques to solve H∞ synthesis problems under additional structural constraints on the controller. Our approach avoids the use of Lyapunov variables and therefore leads to moderate size optimization programs even for very large systems. The proposed framework is very versatile and can accommodate a number of challenging design problems including static, fixed-order, fixed-structure, decentralized control, design of PID controllers and simultaneous design and stabilization problems. Our algorithmic strategy uses generalized gradients and bundling techniques suited for the H∞-norm and other nonsmooth performance criteria. Convergence to a critical point from an arbitrary starting point is proved (full version) and numerical tests are included to validate our methods.