Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activation events during thymic selection

During their differentiation in the mouse thymus, CD4+8- cells undergo several of the sequential changes observed upon normal activation of mature, peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes. Expression of CD69, an early activation marker, is first observed on a minority of cells at the T cell receptor (TCR)lo/med double-positive stage, is maximal (50-90%) on heat-stable antigen (HSA)hi TCRhi double-positive, HSAhi TCRmed CD4+8lo, and HSAhi TCRhi CD4+8- cells, and is downmodulated at the mature HSAlo CD4+8- stage. In contrast, CD44, a late activation marker, is selectively expressed at the HSAlo stage. The set of lymphokines that CD4+8- thymocytes can produce upon stimulation also characteristically expands from mainly interleukin 2 (IL-2) at the HSAhi stage, to IL-2 and very large amounts of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) at the HSAlo stage. 1 in 30 HSAlo CD4+8- adult thymocytes secrete IL-4 upon stimulation through their TCR. This frequency is 25% of the frequency of IL-2 producers, about 100-fold above that of peripheral (mainly resting) CD4+ T cells. With time after their generation in organ culture, CD4+8- thymocytes lose their capacity to secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-gamma, but not IL-2. Similarly, the frequency of IL-4, but not of IL-2, producers progressively decreases after emigration to the periphery as judged by direct comparison between thymic and splenic CD4+ cells in newborns, or by following the fate of intrathymically labeled CD4+8- cells in adults after their migration to the spleen. This sequence suggests that thymic selection results from an activation process rather than a simple rescue from death at the double-positive stage, and shows that the functional changes induced after intrathymic activation, although transient, are still evident after export to the periphery.
Outage in Large Wireless Networks with Spectrum Sharing under Rayleigh Fading

Outage experienced by a user in an incumbent primary network due to a secondary network deployment plays a key role in determining the spectrum sharing gains. While it is impossible to deterministically study large networks, which are characterized by the uncertainty in the number and the locations of the nodes, point process theory has proved to be a useful mathematical tool in studying the statistical behaviour of such networks. The outage analysis, which is dependent on the sum of all the unwanted signals at the primary receiver, requires the study of the interference coming from the primary network as well. While analytical results are not tractable for complex primary networks, an alternative way to approach this problem in a Rayleigh-faded environment is provided in this thesis. A simple, yet widely applicable, expression for the outage due to two independent unwanted signal sets is derived. This expression does not require the knowledge of the distribution of net unwanted signal from one of these sets provided that the outage resulting due to this distribution is known. The spectrum sharing gains and opportunities for a finite field secondary network are then analyzed using closed-form expressions. As an application, a spectrum sharing scenario between the overlaid cellular and ad hoc networks is considered for the uplink case, and the outage is analyzed at the randomly, not necessarily independently, distributed cellular network receivers. Additionally, a tight upper bound on the outage is derived by incorporating a sensing mechanism to alleviate the profound effect of nearby secondary transmissions. It is worth mentioning that other than the spectrum sharing scenarios, the results presented are applicable for any set of interferers distributed (in the same or different networks) around any receiver of study.
Secure HybridApp: A detection method on the risk of privacy leakage in HTML5 hybrid applications based on dynamic taint tracking

In the past few years, HTML5-based mobile applications are becoming more and more popular because they can run across different platforms, which greatly reduces the developing cost and improves the production efficiency. This kind of app is also called hybrid app. It can access the platform resources mostly like a native app with the help of many third-party frameworks. As we all know, web apps are prone to many kinds of attacks which can cause privacy leakage. HTML5 apps are a kind of web app, which means they can also be attacked by these web attacking methods. Due to the dynamic nature of hybrid apps, it is very hard to analyze the malicious behavior in them based on static or dynamic code analysis. But dynamic taint tracking method is very suitable for this task, it treats the user privacy as taint data and check whether it will be leaked out through illegal channels. Once this kind of action is found, we can stop it immediately and notice the app user about it. In this paper, we mainly talk about the privacy data, the privacy leakage channels in HTML5 hybrid apps. And we propose a dynamic method to avoid privacy leakage based on dynamic taint tracking in Android. It can be applied to other systems.
Arrangement of Special Region in Corridor Dr. Mansyur

Medan is one of the largest cities in Indonesia after the metropolis of Jakarta also experienced strip development that has shown symptoms in the suburbs. The symptoms can identified from the aspect of land use on the outskirts of Medan in this case usually rural regions are characterized by agrarian areas switching functions to non-agrarian land, seen from the qualities of buildings in the suburbs, almost all buildings distinguished by urban or non-sectoral agrarian in a review of the building characteristics also added about the density of buildings and the number of buildings in a particular area. One of them is the problem that occurred in the corridor Dr. Mansyur. The original road capacity for calm residential traffic can no longer accommodate the dynamics of commercial activities. Traffic congestion, parking vandalism, pedestrian route malfunctioning by street vendors, the emergence of portable stands, and tent stalls on the edge of the road. The consideration will be based on predetermined variables, namely, elements of the city image, specifically paths, boundaries, regions, vertices, and landmarks. For this reason, mixed research carried out through observation and interviews and documentation studies. The results obtained from this study will show how the model of regional arrangement in anticipating the development strip of the city of Medan.
Design of mechanical structure and tracking control system for 5 DOF surgical robot

In this paper, the tracking control problem for 5 DOF surgical robot which is affected by tremor of surgeons' hand is considered. Mechanical modeling and dynamic analysis of a robotic arm in slave subsystem of a telesurgery system will be discussed and the reasons for selecting the appropriate materials for different parts of robot will be explained. It would be required this robot, which will do the main part of the surgery, be controlled based on the uncertain properties of the tissues of patients body. Improved Lyapunov Based control method with uncertainty observer is applied to improve the accuracy of tracking procedure for a surgical manipulator to track a specified reference signal in the presence of tremor that is modeled as constant bounded disturbance. Based on the disturbance rejection scheme, tracking controllers are constructed which are asymptotically stabilizing in the sense of Lyapunov. The control strategy was implemented using a PC interface. Computer simulation results demonstrate that accurate trajectory tracking can be achieved by using the proposed controllers.
Severe adenovirus bronchiolitis in children

ABSTRACT. Severe adenoviral infections such as the necrotizing adenovirus bronchiolitis occur sporadically in infants. Ascertaining the etiologic role of adenovirus in cases of lung disease can pose a diagnostic problem. We present two cases of severe bronchiolitis in previously healthy children in which adenovirus could be shown to be the causing agent. Both children received immunosuppressive therapy with steroids and Cyclosporin for 3 mo and a course of intravenous Ribavirin for 10 d. The results were conflicting: despite therapy Patient 1 died due to respiratory failure, Patient 2 improved notably. Conclusions: Adenovirus can cause severe bronchiolitis in previously healthy children. Diagnosis may be difficult to achieve. The role of antiviral therapy in the treatment of adenoviral infections remains to be cleared. □Adenovirus, bronchiolitis
THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN AND AUSTRALIAN FLOWER INDUSTRIES: An application of three methodologies.

Competitiveness is defined to include both comparative and competitive advantage. Three different methodologies are applied in the analysis of the flower industries of South Africa and Australia: "Determinants of competitive advantage" methodology of Michael Porter (1990) describes the factors influencing competitive advantage; "Revealed comparative advantage" states the relative importance of flower trade in each country; and the "Policy Analyses Matrix" calculates the comparative advantage of specific flower groups. Each method highlights different viewpoints and conclusions on international competitiveness. Based on the results of the three methodologies it is concluded that the South African flower industry is more competitive but also has a greater comparative advantage in the production of flowers than the Australian flower industry.
Association of higher carbohydrate intake with depressive mood in elderly diabetic women

Abstract Background: The rates of co-morbid depression with elderly diabetes are reportedly high. Although the intake of several nutrients has been suggested to be associated with depressive symptoms, the chronic effects of carbohydrate intake on mood remain unclear. In the current study, the association of the carbohydrate energy/total energy (C/E ratio) and other factors with depressive mood in the diabetic elderly were investigated. Patients and methods: The data from elderly diabetics (299 males and 354 females) were analyzed. Single and multiple logistic regression analyses to search for associations with depressive mood, defined by GDS-15 scores of 6 and higher, were performed. Results: In women, a higher CE ratio, history of cerebrovascular disease, and lower activities of daily living were statistically significantly associated with depressive mood. In men, the CE ratio was not significantly associated with depressive mood. Conclusions: A higher CE ratio was significantly associated with depressive mood in elderly diabetic women, but not in men.
Application of DInSAR Stacking Method for Monitoring of Surface Deformation Due to Geothermal Fluids Extraction in the Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field , Baja California , Mexico

Cerro Prieto is the oldest and largest Mexican geothermal field in operation and has been producing electricity since 1973. The large amount of geothermal fluids extracted to supply steam to the power plants has resulted in considerable deformation in and around the field (Glowacka et al., 1999, 2005; Sarychikhina et al., 2011). The deformation includes land subsidence and related ground fissuring and faulting. These phenomena have produced severe damages to the local infrastructure such as roads, irrigation canals and other facilities. Detection of land subsidence and monitoring of the spatial and temporal changes of its pattern and magnitude can provide important information about the dynamics of this process and controlling geological structures. In the past two decades a space remote sensing technique, Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR), has demonstrated to be a very effective technique for monitoring the Earth’s surface displacement due to natural hazards and anthropogenic activities. This space-based technique provides unprecedented information on surface deformation, with great spatial and temporal detail, which cannot be achieved by any ground-based technique. The previous works (Carnec and Fabriol (1999) and Hanssen (2001), Glowacka et al., 2010a, Sarychikhina, 2010; Sarychikhina et al., 2011) have demonstrated the capability and limitations of conventional two-pass DInSAR technique for measuring the subsidence at Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field (CPGF). In this paper, DInSAR stacking method is applied in order to investigate the ground deformation in and around the CPGF. C-band ENVISAR ASAR images acquired between 2003 and 2009 from the ascending and descending tracks, obtained from the European Space Agency (ESA), as part of ESA CAT-1 project (ID C1P3508), were used. Gamma ISP and DIFF/GEO software packages were used to calculate differential interferograms from Single Look Complex (SLC) data and for differential interferograms stacking (Wegmüller and Werner, 1997). The resultant average annual deformation rate maps for 2004 2007 and 2009 were analyzed. The annual deformation rate maps (from ascending and descending tracks) for 2008 were excluded from the analysis because of presenting strong co-seismic deformation signals. The changes in the deformation pattern and rate were identified. The results of this study are compared with those from previous studies.
Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis Caused by Dermabacter hominis

ABSTRACT Dermabacter hominis was the cause of a peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. D. hominis was identified by phenotypic criteria and by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Clinical cure was achieved with cefuroxime treatment despite the isolate's reduced susceptibility to this drug (MIC, 12 mg/liter) on in vitro testing. The successful treatment was probably due to the high concentrations attained by intraperitoneal administration of the drug.
Nanoparticle pharmacokinetic profiling in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging

Contrast agents targeted to molecular markers of disease are currently being developed with the goal of identifying disease early and evaluating treatment effectiveness using noninvasive imaging modalities such as MRI. Pharmacokinetic profiling of the binding of targeted contrast agents, while theoretically possible with MRI, has thus far only been demonstrated with more sensitive imaging techniques. Paramagnetic liquid perfluorocarbon nanoparticles were formulated to target αvβ3‐integrins associated with early atherosclerosis in cholesterol‐fed rabbits to produce a measurable signal increase on magnetic resonance images after binding. In this work, we combine quantitative information of the in vivo binding of this agent over time obtained by means of MRI with blood sampling to derive pharmacokinetic parameters using simultaneous and individual fitting of the data to a three compartment model. A doubling of tissue exposure (or area under the curve) is obtained with targeted as compared to control nanoparticles, and key parameter differences are discovered that may aid in development of models for targeted drug delivery. Magn Reson Med 60:1353–1361, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Random forest classifier combined with feature selection for breast cancer diagnosis and prognostic

As the incidence of this disease has increased significantly in the recent years, expert systems and machine learning techniques to this problem have also taken a great attention from many scholars. This study aims at diagnosing and prognosticating breast cancer with a machine learning method based on random forest classifier and feature selection technique. By weighting, keeping useful features and removing redundant features in datasets, the method was obtained to solve diagnosis problems via classifying Wisconsin Breast Cancer Diagnosis Dataset and to solve prognosis problem via classifying Wisconsin Breast Cancer Prognostic Dataset. On these datasets we obtained classification accuracy of 100% in the best case and of around 99.8% on average. This is very promising compared to the previously reported results. This result is for Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset but it states that this method can be used confidently for other breast cancer diagnosis problems, too.
Propagation of laser-generated visco-elastic Rayleigh-like waves in coatings

This paper reports on a study of the propagation characteristics of visco-elastic, Rayleigh-like waves in coatings. Beginning with the Kelvin model, the characterization equation and the normal displacement of visco-elastic Rayleigh waves in stratified half-space structures are derived and the influence of the visco-elastic modulus on dispersion and attenuation are discussed. The transient response of a visco-elastic Rayleigh wave is also simulated by means of Laplace and Hankel inversion transforms. The results are in good agreement with the theoretic predictions. It is believed the paper's results and conclusions will provide insights and guidance for estimating visco-elastic parameters.
Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit must be calculated using 10-min time periods.

PURPOSE The accumulated O2, calculated by an extrapolation procedure from measurements of the O2 uptake at moderate powers, has been suggested as a measure of the anaerobic energy release during high intensity exercise. While some suggest that repeated 10-min bouts are required to establish the relationships in question, other use bouts of shorter durations. The purpose of this study was to examine how different exercise durations influence the calculated accumulated O2 deficit. METHODS Eight endurance trained male cyclists with the following characteristics (Mean +/- SE): age, 25 +/- 3 yr; weight, 69.9 +/- 1.7 kg: height, 178.2 +/- 1.0 cm; and VO2max 57.5 +/- 2.4 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1) volunteered for participation in this study. The O2 uptake was measured at 2-4, 4-6, 6-8, and 8-10 min of exercise at ten different constant powers. These O2 uptakes were used to establish four relationships between the power and O2 demand for each subject. On a separate day the subjects cycled at a power of 336 +/- 42 W (corresponding to about 110% of the maximal O2 uptake) for 296 +/- 43 s to exhaustion while the O2 uptake was measured continuously. For each subject the accumulated O2 deficit was determined from the different relationships. RESULTS The accumulated O2 deficit determined from the relationships from the 2 to 4-min exercises in the pretests were significantly less than the value calculated from the relationships obtained after the 8-10 min of exercise at constant power, the values being 39.6 +/- 11.6 mL O2 eq x kg(-1) and 53.4 +/- 14.6 mL O2 eq x kg(-1), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that reducing the exercise duration used in the pretests to establish the relationships between power and O2 demand from 10 min may lead to a too low accumulated O2 deficit.
Cytoadherence‐dependent induction of inflammatory responses by Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is considered to be in part attributed to excessive immune responses. Mycoplasma pneumoniae shows strong cytoadherence to host cells and this cytoadherence is thought to be involved in the progression of pneumonia. However, the interaction between the cytoadherence and the immune responses is not known in detail. In this study, we demonstrated that the induction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the human monocyte cell line THP‐1 is dependent on the property of cytoadherence of M. pneumoniae. A wild‐type strain of M. pneumoniae with cytoadherence ability induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). Whereas, heat‐killed M. pneumoniae and cytoadherence‐deficient mutants of M. pneumoniae caused significantly less production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines than the wild‐type strain. The wild‐type strain induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines in an endocytosis‐independent manners, but the induction by heat‐killed M. pneumoniae and cytoadherence‐deficient mutants was dependent on endocytosis. Moreover, the wild‐type strain induced caspase‐1 production and ATP efflux, promoting the maturation of IL‐1β and release of the pro‐IL‐1β precursor, whereas heat‐killed M. pneumoniae and the cytoadherence‐deficient mutants failed to induce them. These data suggest that the cytoadherence ability of M. pneumoniae activates immune responses and is involved in the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infection.
Personalised Focus-Metaphor Interfaces: An Eye Tracking Study on User Confusion

Personalised web interfaces are expected to improve user interaction with web content. But since the delivery of personalised web content is currently not reliable, a key question is how much users may be confused and slowed down when personalised delivery goes wrong. The aim of the study reported in this paper was to investigate a worst-case scenario of failed personalised content presentation – a dynamic presentation of content where content was dynamically presented, but content units were selected at random. We employed eye-tracking to monitor the differences in users’ attention and navigation when interacting with this “dysfunctional” dynamic interface, and a static version. We found that subjects who interacted with the dysfunctional version took 10% longer to read their material than those with static content, and displayed a different strategy in scanning the interface. The relatively small difference in navigation time in first-time viewers of dynamically presented content, and of the results from the eye-tracking patterns, suggests that users are not significantly confused and slowed down by dynamic presentation of content when using a Focus-Metaphor interface.
Protein composition and protein synthesis in the surface membranes of Schistosoma mansoni

Saponin treatment of cercariae and schistosomula alters the surface membrane so that it may be sheared from the organism and isolated as fragments by centrifugation. Saponin-calcium chloride treatment or freezing and thawing of adult worms removes the surface membrane, which can be washed from the bodies and collected by centrifugation. The small quantities of material available necessitated the development of a sensitive technique for detecting the proteins in the membranes. The surface membranes were radioiodinated after butan-1-ol extraction and electrophoresed in polyacrylamide gel. Adult surfaces prepared by the saponin-calcium chloride and by the freezing and thawing technique had identical protein components, detected as gel-cut profiles or in autoradiographs. The quantity of a rapidly migrating PAS-positive amido black negative component was greater in the surfaces prepared by saponincalcium chloride than in the frozen and thawed surfaces. This component contains lipid, some of which may be glycolipid. It was largely absent from the surface membranes of cercariae and schistosomula. Cercarial surface membranes contained a major protein component which was absent from the surface membranes of schistosomula. Otherwise the surface membranes of the cercariae were identical to those of the schistosomula in their protein components. The rate of incorporation of freshly synthesized protein per unit area of surface membrane of schistosomula was very low in the first 5 days in culture, after which there was a very rapid increase to a maximum rate on the 15th day. After this time, the rate of protein synthesis decreased to a low level at 26 days. In these studies the activity per unit area was measured and this would not be expected to vary greatly during growth. The biological significance of the observed variation in protein incorporation into the membrane is unclear.
Highly nondegenerate four‐wave mixing and gain nonlinearity in a strained multiple‐quantum‐well optical amplifier

Highly nondegenerate four‐wave mixing was investigated in a 1.5 μm compressively strained multi‐quantum‐well semiconductor traveling‐wave optical amplifier at detuning frequencies up to 600 GHz. A gain nonlinearity with a characteristic relaxation time of 650 fs was determined from the data, and the nonlinear gain coefficient was estimated to be 4.3×10−23 m3. Dynamic carrier heating is believed to be the major source of nonlinear gain in this device at the wavelengths investigated.