Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CASE STUDY ON CONCEPT DESIGN AND CAD MODELLING IN THE FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY

This case study is based on the experience of a collaborative project between the Faculty of CEMS at UWE and a European shoe manufacturer. The company has been producing footwear in Europe for more than a hundred years and whilst the methods used to engineer and manufacture soles and uppers have changed radically in recent decades, the methods used to style and design them remain very traditional. This approach posed no particular problems when shoe design, engineering and manufacture were co-located on the same site. Although the interface between design and engineering was inefficient from a product development perspective and this generally led to a prolonged time to market new shoe styles. The European footwear market is very competitive in terms of the cost, quality and styling of shoes. These competitive pressures forced the company to consider the production of footwear in countries with low-cost economies. Design, prototyping, testing and evaluation were to remain in Europe, with leather uppers being manufactured in South America and moulded soles produced in the Far East. The need to communicate design concepts and product models thus became acute. Computer based geometric models of soles and lasts provided an obvious solution, but Shoe Stylists resisted the
Mission Possible: Using Near-World Scenarios to Prepare Graduates for the Professions

A recent UK survey found many graduates unprepared for employment while employers placed greater value on transferable, employability skills rather than on specific ones. Increased student entry into professional-oriented programs, and subsequent pressures on work placements, have educators looking to alternative ways of providing safe, reproducible, authentic work experience, (Eland et al. 2010). Scenario-based learning (SBL), founded on the valuing of contextual knowledge, may provide one strategy for getting students closer to the realities of their intended profession through guided reflection on learning experiences designed to supplement rather than replace work placements. This paper has three main aims: The first is to clarify scenario-based learning as a learning strategy. The second is to note why and how some university teachers use it to prepare students for the professions. The final aim is to illuminate some ways by which teachers might optimize the learning potential to foster and sustain professional development.
Formula for success: Multilevel modelling of Formula One Driver and Constructor performance, 1950–2014

Abstract This paper uses random-coefficient models and (a) finds rankings of who are the best formula 1 (F1) drivers of all time, conditional on team performance; (b) quantifies how much teams and drivers matter; and (c) quantifies how team and driver effects vary over time and under different racing conditions. The points scored by drivers in a race (standardised across seasons and Normalised) is used as the response variable in a cross-classified multilevel model that partitions variance into team, team-year and driver levels. These effects are then allowed to vary by year, track type and weather conditions using complex variance functions. Juan Manuel Fangio is found to be the greatest driver of all time. Team effects are shown to be more important than driver effects (and increasingly so over time), although their importance may be reduced in wet weather and on street tracks. A sensitivity analysis was undertaken with various forms of the dependent variable; this did not lead to substantively different conclusions. We argue that the approach can be applied more widely across the social sciences, to examine individual and team performance under changing conditions.
Futures Studies Serving the Development of Future Orientation in Hungary

This article presents a case study of futures studies in Hungary. There had been two stages of development: the first had seen the vertical deepening and horizontal expansion of the field, whereas the second can be described as theoretical and methodological renewal as well as broadening relationships to the practice. International impacts and linkages have been important throughout, but local contextual factors and specific opportunities also played their role to place Hungarian futures studies on the global map of the discipline.
Adequacy of the Prescription of Oral Anti-Diabetic Drugs and Insulin to the 2006-2007 ADA/EASD Treatment Algorithm of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Determination of the adequacy grade of quarterly prescription or consumption of oral anti-diabetic molecules and insulin during the years 2006 and 2007 to the ADA/EASD 2006-2007 algorithm for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. Setting: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the national (Spain), and local (Murcia and Albacete) level. Method: This study is observational, descriptive, quantitative, retrospective, and longitudinal. Prescription data of the medicines provided by IMS Health Inc. (Spain) were considered in units of equivalent patient. The universe of the investigation was defined at the national level (Spain), and at the local level (areas I, VI, and 1-B of the region of Murcia, and Alcadozo, Hellin, and Bonete in the province of Albacete).
Preservation of female fertility in humans and animal species

A detailed understanding of the cryobiology of gametes and complex tissues has led to the development of methods that facilitate the successful low temperature banking of isolated mature human oocytes, or immature oocytes in situ within fragments of human ovarian cortex. Although many outstanding research challenges remain to be addressed, the successful development of new treatments to preserve female fertility for a range of clinical indications has largely been underpinned by the conduct of extensive, fundamental research on oocytes and ovarian tissues from a number of laboratory and commercially important farm species. Indeed, the most recent evidence from large animals suggests that it is also possible to cryopreserve intact whole ovaries along with their supporting vasculature for later auto-transplantation and restoration of natural fertility. This review will explore how the methods developed to preserve human oocytes and ovarian tissues can now be used strategically to support the development of conservation strategies aimed at safeguarding the genetic diversity of commercially important domestic animals and also of preserving the female germplasm for wild animals and endangered species.
Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Aquatic Macrophyte Pistia Stratiotes (L.)

The present study focuses on cadmium toxicity on morphology and selected biochemical parameters of Pistia. The laboratory experiments were conducted for the assessment of morphological index parameters (MIP), biochemical parameters and accumulation of cadmium in plants at its various concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ppm) at the regular interval for 12 days exposure. Pistia showed visible symptoms like withering of roots, chlorosis and necrosis at higher concentration (2.0 ppm), however, the plant showed normal growth at lower concentration (0.1 ppm). The estimation of biochemical parameters (Total chlorophyll, Protein and Carbohydrate) of test plants showed a significant increase at lower concentration (0.1 ppm) of cadmium. The biochemical parameters decrease with increase in exposure concentration and duration. The toxic effect of cadmium is directly proportional to its concentration and duration. The accumulation of cadmium by Pistia stratiotes was maximum at 4 days exposure duration and marginal at subsequent concentrations and exposure duration. With respect to biochemical parameters the concentrations are significant. However, metal accumulation is significant at concentrations and exposure duration.
WEIGHT MANAGEMENT PROGRAM BASED ON SELF- DETERMINATION THEORY: COMPARING PARENTS-CHILD DATA

This study aimed to analyze the changes in self-regulation, basic psychological needs, staff and parents support after the first 4-months of a weight management program with adolescents. To improve our understanding about the clinical implications, we also analyze the participants' views (adolescents and their parents) about the program. The 24 overweight adolescents (31 ± 4.9 kg/m 2 ; 17 girls; 13,2 years), followed in a tertiary health unit, participated in a 4-month program with structured exercise, eight educational sessions on behavioral change and parental involvement. We measured the perception of staff and parental support, self-regulation for treatment, basic psychological needs at 0 and 4 months. At 2,5 months 20 adolescents and 16 parents participated in focus groups to analyze the impact of the program. There were improvements in relatedness satisfaction, but not in weight. The adolescent's opinion found the exercise as the main strength of the program, but for parents was the personalized and group format; for both parents and sons the main weakness of the program was the disillusionment with weight loss. The discussion suggests that the weight loss treatmentbased on exercise and self- determination theory principles could bring psychological benefits even without weight loss.
“The monster of the month”: teachers’ views about alcohol within personal, social, health, and economic education (PSHE) in schools

Purpose There is a lack of evidence for effective school-based prevention programmes to reduce alcohol misuse in adolescents. The purpose of this paper is to explore teacher’s views about alcohol education in secondary schools in order to inform the subsequent development of new educational and intervention measures. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine female teachers from a range of schools who had responsibility for designing and delivering personal social, health, and economic education (PSHE). Findings Three main themes were identified in a thematic analysis of the interview transcripts. The themes demonstrated the importance of PSHE to these teachers, who faced challenges in delivering a comprehensive enough curriculum. Alcohol unit knowledge and responsible drinking were priorities for the teachers. However, given the many pressures faced by young people, alcohol could be viewed as just one challenge amongst many. Research limitations/implications Interventions may be seen as too compartmentalised by teachers if they fail to address the wider concerns of adolescents. Intervention developers should consider gaining input from teachers on the content of their programmes prior to running a trial to enhance feasibility and acceptability. Originality/value There are few studies that have explored what teachers think about alcohol education in general or about the content of specific interventions prior to their implementation. This study adds their voice to the literature and highlights the importance of considering the views and first hand experiences when developing new alcohol interventions aimed at adolescents.
Construction of Nodal Bubbling Solutions for the Weighted Sinh-Poisson Equation

We consider the weighted sinh-Poisson equation in , on , where is a small parameter, , and is a unit ball in . By a constructive way, we prove that for any positive integer , there exists a nodal bubbling solution which concentrates at the origin and the other -points , , such that as , , where and is an odd integer with , or is an even integer. The same techniques lead also to a more general result on general domains.
Numerical Simulation of Vertical Random Vibration of Train-Slab Track-Bridge Interaction System by PEM

The paper describes the numerical simulation of the vertical random vibration of train-slab track-bridge interaction system by means of finite element method and pseudoexcitation method. Each vehicle is modeled as four-wheelset mass-spring-damper system with two-layer suspension systems. The rail, slab, and bridge girder are modeled by three-layer elastic Bernoulli-Euler beams connected with each other by spring and damper elements. The equations of motion for the entire system are derived according to energy principle. By regarding rail irregularity as a series of multipoint, different-phase random excitations, the random load vectors of the equations of motion are obtained by pseudoexcitation method. Taking a nine-span simply supported beam bridge traveled by a train consisting of 8 vehicles as an example, the vertical random vibration responses of the system are investigated. Firstly, the suitable number of discrete frequencies of rail irregularity is obtained by numerical experimentations. Secondly, the reliability and efficiency of pseudoexcitation method are verified through comparison with Monte Carlo method. Thirdly, the random vibration characteristics of train-slab track-bridge interaction system are analyzed by pseudoexcitation method. Finally, applying the 3σ rule for Gaussian stochastic process, the maximum responses of train-slab track-bridge interaction system with respect to various train speeds are studied.
Real-time studies of battery electrochemical reactions inside a transmission electron microscope.

We report the development of new experimental capabilities and ab initio modeling for real-time studies of Li-ion battery electrochemical reactions. We developed three capabilities for in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies: a capability that uses a nanomanipulator inside the TEM to assemble electrochemical cells with ionic liquid or solid state electrolytes, a capability that uses on-chip assembly of battery components on to TEM-compatible multi-electrode arrays, and a capability that uses a TEM-compatible sealed electrochemical cell that we developed for performing in-situ TEM using volatile battery electrolytes. These capabilities were used to understand lithiation mechanisms in nanoscale battery materials, including SnO{sub 2}, Si, Ge, Al, ZnO, and MnO{sub 2}. The modeling approaches used ab initio molecular dynamics to understand early stages of ethylene carbonate reduction on lithiated-graphite and lithium surfaces and constrained density functional theory to understand ethylene carbonate reduction on passivated electrode surfaces.
A broadband cavity-enhanced spectrometer for atmospheric trace gas measurements and Rayleigh scattering cross sections in the cyan region (470–540 nm)

Abstract. An incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS) instrument for quantification of atmospheric trace gases that absorb in the cyan region of the electromagnetic spectrum (470 to 540 nm), including NO2 and I2, is described. The instrument uses a light-emitting diode coupled to a 1 m optical cavity consisting of a pair of mirrors in stable resonator configuration. Transmitted light is monitored using a grating spectrometer and charge-coupled device array detector. The average mirror reflectivity was determined from the N2∕He and Ar∕He ratios of scattering coefficients and was ∼99.98 % at its maximum, yielding an effective optical path length of 6.3 km. Cross sections of N2, O2, air, Ar, CO2, and CH4 scattering and of O4 absorption were measured and agree with literature values within the measurement uncertainty. Trace gas mixing ratios were retrieved using the spectral fitting software DOASIS (DOAS intelligent system) from 480 to 535 nm. Under laboratory conditions, the 60 s, 1σ measurement precisions were ±124 and ±44 pptv for NO2 and I2, respectively. The IBBCEAS instrument sampled ambient air in Ucluelet, BC, Canada, in July 2015. IBBCEAS retrievals agreed with independent measurements of NO2 by blue diode laser cavity ring-down spectroscopy (r2=0.975), but ambient I2 concentrations were below the detection limit.
Assessment of a Neural-Network-Based Optimization Tool: A Low Specific-Speed Impeller Application

This work provides a detailed description of the fluid dynamic design of a low specific-speed industrial pump centrifugal impeller. The main goal is to guarantee a certain value of the specific-speed number at the design flow rate, while satisfying geometrical constraints and industrial feasibility. The design procedure relies on a modern optimization technique such as an Artificial-Neural-Network-based approach (ANN). The impeller geometry is parameterized in order to allow geometrical variations over a large design space. The computational framework suitable for pump optimization is based on a fully viscous three-dimensional numerical solver, used for the impeller analysis. The performance prediction of the pump has been obtained by coupling the CFD analysis with a 1D correlation tool, which accounts for the losses due to the other components not included in the CFD domain. Due to both manufacturing and geometrical constraints, two different optimized impellers with 3 and 5 blades have been developed, with the performance required in terms of efficiency and suction capability. The predicted performance of both configurations were compared with the measured head and efficiency characteristics.
Poverty Reduction Strategy Process in Fragile States : Do the PRSPs contribute to post-conflict recovery and peace-building in Sierra Leone?

Policy discussions on‘fragile states’have become one of the key policy agendas in international development. At the same time, development agencies are progressively involved in assistance in conflict-affected countries. Some of the key issues in the discussions include how to reduce poverty as well as how to ensure durable peace in the fragile states by utilising development instruments. This paper particularly focuses on the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) process, which was introduced to low-income countries, including post-conflict countries, by the international financial institutions (IFIs). Itsfeasibility and implications of the process for peace-building are scrutinised by looking at postconflict Sierra Leone as a case study. It highlights the lack of consideration for conflict-related issues in its framework, even though there are some embedded propositions that can theoretically contribute to peace-building. Based on the case study, however, it is argued that it is still essential for the PRS process to be reformulated to reflect greater ‘conflict-sensitivity’, if it were to be one of the remedies for peace-building and poverty reduction in fragile states.
When Identifying Contributors is Costly: An Experiment on Public Goods

Studies show that identifying contributors increases contributions to public goods. In practice, viewing identifiable information is costly, which may discourage people from accessing it. We design a public goods experiment in which participants can pay to view information about identities and contributions of group members. We compare this to a treatment in which there is no identifiable information, and a treatment in which all contributors are identified. Our main findings are that: (i) contributions in the treatment with costly information are as high as those in the treatment with free information, (ii) participants rarely choose to view the information, and (iii) being a high contributor is correlated with choosing to view information about others.
Understanding Uncertainty Shocks and the Role of the Black Swan

A key question in macroeconomics is what shocks drive business cycles. A recent literature explores the effect of uncertainty shocks. But where do uncertainty shocks come from? Researchers often estimate stochastic volatility, using all available data, and equate it with uncertainty. If we define uncertainty to be the conditional variance of a one-period-ahead forecast error, then this stochastic volatility corresponds to the uncertainty of an agent who knows his model’s parameters, well before they could ever be estimated, and is certain they are true. We show that a Bayesian forecaster who revises model parameters in real time and accounts for model uncertainty, experiences large, counter-cyclical uncertainty shocks, even if his model is homoskedastic. The exercise teaches us that large uncertainty shocks need not come from exogenous changes in variance. They may also come from “black swans”: Events that are unlikely under the previous period’s estimated model and cause agents to significantly revise their beliefs about the probability distribution of future outcomes. Some times feel like uncertain times for the aggregate economy. At other times, events appear to be predictable, volatility is low, confidence is high. An active emerging literature argues that changes in uncertainty can explain asset pricing, banking crises, business cycle fluctuations, and the 2007 recession in particular (Stock and Watson, 2012). Uncertainty shocks are typically measured as innovations in a GARCH or stochastic volatility model, forecast dispersion or a price of a volatility option. But none of these measures captures ∗Preliminary draft. Please send comments to anna.a. orlik@frb.gov and lveldkam@stern.nyu. edu. We are grateful to the seminar participants at the Policy Uncertainty Workshop at the Becker-Friedman Institute in Chicago, the NYU macro lunch, Tom Stark, and our AEA discussant, Lars Hansen. Many thanks also to Isaac Baley, David Johnson, Callum Jones and Nic Kozeniauskas for outstanding research assistance. We acknowledge grant assistance from the Stern Center for Global Economy and Business. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve or the Federal Reserve System.
Interfaces between servant processes and service classification

In this paper, a theoretical approach was developed to analyze servant processes’ characteristics in different types of services, as professional, shop and mass services. Facilitator, responsiveness, flexibility, customer focus and tend to be higher in professional services. Responsiveness and simplicity tend to be higher in mass services while only responsiveness is highlighted on service shops.
Interdependence of the ontogeny of two essential foliar structures in a representative of the neotropical genus Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae): stomata and absorbing trichomes

Epiphytism in Tillandsia, a genus of neotropical monocots of the family Bro- meliaceae, is linked to the functioning of absorbing trichomes because the roots of these plants maintain only the anchoring role since the first ontogenetic stages of the indivi - dual (seedling). For this reason we assumed that there should exist a temporal and func- tional coordination between the apparatus through which water loss occurs (stoma) and the apparatus specialized to water assumption (trichome). Otherwise the plant would risk losing water before being able to absorb it. The ontogeny of the two apparata has been investigated in the seedling of T. aeranthos. The results confirmed the hypothesis and the ultrastructural aspects characterizing the development stages of the stomata until the full functionality are here discussed. The peculiar strategy of life of Tillands is not a topics of only scientific attractiveness but represents a strong commercial 'appeal' as ornamental plants.