Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activity Shapes Neural Circuit Form and Function: A Historical Perspective

The brilliant and often prescient hypotheses of Ramon y Cajal have proven foundational for modern neuroscience, but his statement that “In adult centers the nerve paths are something fixed, ended, immutable … ” is an exception that did not stand the test of empirical study. Mechanisms of cellular and circuit-level plasticity continue to shape and reshape many regions of the adult nervous system long after the neurodevelopmental period. Initially focused on neurons alone, the field has followed a meteoric trajectory in understanding of activity-regulated neurodevelopment and ongoing neuroplasticity with an arc toward appreciating neuron–glial interactions and the role that each neural cell type plays in shaping adaptable neural circuity. In this review, as part of a celebration of the 50th anniversary of Society for Neuroscience, we provide a historical perspective, following this arc of inquiry from neuronal to neuron–glial mechanisms by which activity and experience modulate circuit structure and function. The scope of this consideration is broad, and it will not be possible to cover the wealth of knowledge about all aspects of activity-dependent circuit development and plasticity in depth.
Gap Junctions in the Bone Marrow Lympho-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche, Leukemia Progression, and Chemoresistance

The crosstalk between hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and bone marrow (BM) microenvironment is critical for homeostasis and hematopoietic regeneration in response to blood formation emergencies after injury, and has been associated with leukemia transformation and progression. Intercellular signals by the BM stromal cells in the form of cell-bound or secreted factors, or by physical interaction, regulate HSC localization, maintenance, and differentiation within increasingly defined BM HSC niches. Gap junctions (GJ) are comprised of arrays of membrane embedded channels formed by connexin proteins, and control crucial signaling functions, including the transfer of ions, small metabolites, and organelles to adjacent cells which affect intracellular mechanisms of signaling and autophagy. This review will discuss the role of GJ in both normal and leukemic hematopoiesis, and highlight some of the most novel approaches that may improve the efficacy of cytotoxic drugs. Connexin GJ channels exert both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic effects on HSC and BM stromal cells, involved in regenerative hematopoiesis after myelosuppression, and represent an alternative system of cell communication through a combination of electrical and metabolic coupling as well as organelle transfer in the HSC niche. GJ intercellular communication (GJIC) in the HSC niche improves cellular bioenergetics, and rejuvenates damaged recipient cells. Unfortunately, they can also support leukemia proliferation and survival by creating leukemic niches that provide GJIC dependent energy sources and facilitate chemoresistance and relapse. The emergence of new strategies to disrupt self-reinforcing malignant niches and intercellular organelle exchange in leukemic niches, while at the same time conserving normal hematopoietic GJIC function, could synergize the effect of chemotherapy drugs in eradicating minimal residual disease. An improved understanding of the molecular basis of connexin regulation in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis is warranted for the re-establishment of normal hematopoiesis after chemotherapy.
Optical Fiber FP Sensor for Simultaneous Measurement of Refractive Index and Temperature Based on the Empirical Mode Decomposition Algorithm

In this work, a dual refractive index and temperature sensor based on an interferometric system and on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm is presented. Here, it is shown that the EMD provides a comprehensive way to analyze and decompose complex reflection spectra produced by an interferometric filter build at the tip of an optical fiber. By applying the EMD algorithm, the spectrum can be decomposed into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMF) from which the temperature and the refractive index can be easily extracted. Moreover, the proposed methodology provides a detailed insight of the behavior of this type of interferometric sensors and allows widening of the dynamic measurement ranges of both variables. Here, for proof of principle purposes, a filter based on a stack of three layers (two of them were thermo-sensitive) was fabricated. Finally, it is shown that the proposed methodology can decompose the experimental measured spectra and to determine the refractive index and the temperature, supporting the mathematical model.
High Curie temperature and strain-induced semiconductor-metal transition with spin reorientation transition in 2D CrPbTe3 monolayer

One of the major obstacles for Cr-based 2D materials such as CrI3, CrSiTe3 and CrGeTe3 for spintronics applications is their low Curie temperature. Herein, we investigated the strain-induced magnetic properties of 2D CrPbTe3 (CPT) monolayer belonging to members of the Cr-based 2D family. We explored the possibility of the fabrication of 2D layer through the mechanical stability, dynamical stability, formation energy, cohesive energy and thermal stability calculations. We found ferromagnetic ground state and the pristine CrPbTe3 monolayer had an indirect band gap of 0.25 eV with an in-plane magnetic anisotropy of −1.37 meV cell−1. The Curie temperature was 110 K and this is much larger than that of CrI3, CrSiTe3 and CrGeTe3. Under 4% tensile strain, the band gap was increased to 0.45 eV and the Curie temperature was increased to 150 K. We found strain-induced semiconductor-metal transition at 3% compressive strain and also spin reorientation transition from in-plane to perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at 4% compressive strain, and the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy was almost three times larger than that of the CrGeTe3 layer. Our finding may suggest that the CrPbTe3 system can be utilized for spintronics and straintronics applications.
Predicting the stability of multitrophic communities in a variable world.

Identifying the factors that destabilize communities is critical for predicting and mitigating the ecological impacts of environmental change. Although theory has shown that local ecosystem size and regional dispersal can determine biodiversity, less is known about the direct and indirect effects of these factors on community stability. Here we show that multitrophic community instability of invertebrates and fishes in coastal ponds is negatively related to local pond size and positively related to distance to the ocean, a proxy for dispersal limitation. Importantly, the effects of pond size and distance on instability were direct rather than indirectly mediated by species richness. This suggests that the diversity-stability relationship is an epiphenomenon whose resolution is neither necessary nor sufficient to understand the stability of these multitrophic communities. Instead, well-established and easily-measured local and regional factors historically linked to species richness can be used to predict multitrophic community stability in a variable world.
Genetic lineage tracing reveals poor angiogenic potential of cardiac endothelial cells

Abstract Aims Cardiac ischaemia does not elicit an efficient angiogenic response. Indeed, lack of surgical revascularization upon myocardial infarction results in cardiomyocyte death, scarring, and loss of contractile function. Clinical trials aimed at inducing therapeutic revascularization through the delivery of pro-angiogenic molecules after cardiac ischaemia have invariably failed, suggesting that endothelial cells in the heart cannot mount an efficient angiogenic response. To understand why the heart is a poorly angiogenic environment, here we compare the angiogenic response of the cardiac and skeletal muscle using a lineage tracing approach to genetically label sprouting endothelial cells. Methods and results We observed that overexpression of the vascular endothelial growth factor in the skeletal muscle potently stimulated angiogenesis, resulting in the formation of a massive number of new capillaries and arterioles. In contrast, response to the same dose of the same factor in the heart was blunted and consisted in a modest increase in the number of new arterioles. By using Apelin-CreER mice to genetically label sprouting endothelial cells we observed that different pro-angiogenic stimuli activated Apelin expression in both muscle types to a similar extent, however, only in the skeletal muscle, these cells were able to sprout, form elongated vascular tubes activating Notch signalling, and became incorporated into arteries. In the heart, Apelin-positive cells transiently persisted and failed to give rise to new vessels. When we implanted cancer cells in different organs, the abortive angiogenic response in the heart resulted in a reduced expansion of the tumour mass. Conclusion Our genetic lineage tracing indicates that cardiac endothelial cells activate Apelin expression in response to pro-angiogenic stimuli but, different from those of the skeletal muscle, fail to proliferate and form mature and structured vessels. The poor angiogenic potential of the heart is associated with reduced tumour angiogenesis and growth of cancer cells.
MEMS Gas Flow Sensor Based on Thermally Induced Cantilever Resonance Frequency Shift

This paper reports a novel MEMS gas flow sensor that relies on the temperature drop induced when the gas flows over an electrically heated MEMS triple-beam resonator. Modelling, simulation and characterization of the sensor has been undertaken to quantify the temperature-induced shift of resonance frequency of the resonator, which can be directly related to the rate of gas flow over the heated resonator. The MEMS resonator was actuated into mechanical resonance through application of an AC voltage to an aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric layer coated on the central beam of the triple-beam resonator. A reversible change in resonance frequency was measured experimentally for nitrogen flow rates up to 5000 ml/min. At 5 V operating voltage the linear response fit measured from experiments yielded a 67 ml/min per Hz slope over a flow rate range from 0 ml/min to 4000 ml/min.
Adverse childhood experiences, stress, and intimate partner violence among newlywed couples living with low incomes.

The stress-generation model, commonly applied in studies of psychopathology, purports that vulnerabilities to depression (e.g., rumination, doubt, self-blame, social withdrawal) increase the likelihood that stressful events will later occur, thus activating depressive vulnerabilities and worsening the course of depression. We adapt this model to examine whether adversities experienced early in life serve to channel individuals into stressful circumstances that then evoke situational intimate partner violence (IPV) in adulthood. Cross-sectional self-report data on early adversity, stress, and IPV from 231 ethnically diverse newlywed couples living in low-income communities were analyzed with structural equation modeling. Replicating prior research, reports of early adversity and current life stress covaried reliably with IPV, for husbands and wives. Among husbands, early adversity was linked to IPV via stress, whereas for wives, no such mediation emerged. Results remained robust against alternative models (e.g., controlling for relationship satisfaction, substituting relationship satisfaction for IPV, and examining the interaction between adversity and stress as a predictor of IPV). These findings indicate that the situations that are a defining feature of situational IPV may themselves be a reflection of the adversities that men face early in life; in the absence of these stressors, the association between early adversity and later IPV falls to nonsignificance. Assisting men raised in risky environments to appreciate the effects of stress on their interpersonal exchanges in marriage could reduce rates of IPV. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
EVALUATING OPERATING DISTRIBUTION STRATEGIES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT USING A HYBRID SIMULATION APPROACH

This paper presents an innovative hybrid simulation modeling approach developed for supply chains. The model approach has been built to invest igate different inventory policies and transportation strategies in a supply chain network that minimize the system wide cost. The complex system is modelled using the powerful discr ete-event simulation software DOSIMIS-3 and C++ DLL is developed for this purpose. This Hyb rid approach combines the analytical inventory models, heuristics transportation strateg ies approaches, and simulation models to model different network structures and operating distribu tion strategies in supply chains. The developed approach is described in detail for t he analysis of supply chains. The results from experiments that demonstrate the benefits of the pr oposed architecture are discussed and presented. هذھ يف ةشقانم مت ةقرولا ديروتلا تاكبشل ةبكرملا ةاكاحملا جذامن ةقيرط ريوطت . ةد ع ن م ق قحتلل ت ينب جذامنلا هذھ ديروتلا تاكبشل ةيلامج$ا فيلاكتلا ليلقتل مدختست يتلاو لقنلا تايجتارتسا كلذكو نيزخت تاسايس . مادخت سا م ت ث يح ةاكاحملا تايجمرب دحا ) زيمزيود ( ضرغلا اذھل . لإ راشملا ةبكرملا جذامنلا جذا منلا ني ب ا م عمجت ةساردلا هذھ يف اھي ديروتلا تاكبش يف اھمادختسا عاشي يتلاو لقنلا تاسايسل ةيبيرجتلا قرطلا كلذكو نيزختلا لكاشمل ةيليلحتلا . ة قبطملا برا جتلا ن م ا ھيلع لص حتملا جئا تنلا ليلحتو ليصفتلاب بكرملا جذومنلا فصو لوانت ةساردلا هذھ يف مت منلا اذھ ةطساوب تاساردلا هذھ لثم يف همادختسا نم ةدافتس;ا ىدم ةفرعمل جذو .
Exploring a colored linkography for identifying the members of design team

This paper introduces the colored linkography as a modified method for identifying members’ character in the interaction of design teams. Some indicators are raised and applied with a sample of postgraduate team. Result shows that the colored linkography and its following indicators contribute to evaluating and comparing the endeavor and interdependence of members. Consequently, the colored linkography is a feasible tool that has much more value for deeper researches.
Research Paper: Effects of Metformin on Weight Loss and Metabolic Control in Obese Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial

Methods: As a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial, this study was performed from 2018 to 2019. A total of 66 obese patients (BMI≥27) with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, hospitalized in the departments of Razi Psychiatric Hospital, entered the study; then, they were randomly divided into intervention and control groups after completing the informed consent form. The patients received metformin or placebo for 12 weeks. The dose of metformin was gradually increased and in case of a patient’s tolerance, was prescribed up to 500 mg twice daily. During the study, all patients received their previous therapies. The variables included BMI, weight, waist circumference, lipid profile, and fasting blood glucose, which were studied at the beginning of the study and at weeks 4, 8, and, 12. The data were analyzed, using a post hoc test by SPSS software.
Numerical study of swimming of an organism in a viscous fluid in a channel

In the present work, a two-dimensional immersed boundary finite volume method based computational model is developed to capture the propelling behaviour of an organism in a channel. In this work, the organism is modelled as a one-dimensional elastic filament using discrete number of immersed boundary points and the momentum and continuity equations governing the fluid flow are solved on a staggered Cartesian grid system. First of all, the computational model is validated by comparing the numerical simulation results pertinent to the swimming of an infinite sheet with that of the existing analytical results. Later, simulations are presented to investigate the organism swimming near a channel wall and, between two walls. The swimming behaviour is analysed based on mean swimming speed of the organism under three different locations inside the channel. In the present work, higher swimming speed is observed when the organism swims near the channel wall compared to the swimming far away from the channel wall. Further, it is seen that the organism swims in a centerline fashion when it is kept at the center between two channel walls whereas the organism swims towards the channel wall when it is kept close to the channel wall. It is found that the above mentioned behavior is very similar to that of sperm motion near boundaries.
How Does Mass Immigration Transform the Destination Societies?

The phenomenon of mass migration is explained thoroughly in this paper. It explains how easy global transportation by air and sea in a technological advanced world has made mass migration much easier. Mass Migration has also been made easier by globalization in that borders and boundaries between countries are being eliminated. Mass migration is explained in the sense that it takes into account the immigrants effect on destination countries such as the European Union, the United States of America, and also Canada. It takes into account how destination countries integrate and absorb these migrants within their economic sectors. It also takes into account how global security has been threatened by mass immigration. This paper also explains how national identity is being maintained in destination countries as mass migration influences the culture and beliefs of a country. The content analysis as methodology was used to discover the issue in this article. Key words: Mass Immigration, 11th September, National Identity, Globalization, Content Analysis.
Linking climatic-driven iron toxicity and water stress to a massive mangrove dieback

Abstract. A massive mangrove dieback event occurred in 2015/2016 along ~ 1000 km of pristine coastline in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. To gain insights into dieback drivers, we combine sediment and wood chronologies to analyze geochemical and climatic changes. The unique combination of low rainfall and low sea level observed during the dieback event was unprecedented in the previous three decades. Multiple lines of evidence from iron (Fe) chronologies in wood and sediment, wood densities and mangrove water use efficiency suggest low water availability within the dead mangrove forest. Wood and sediment chronologies suggest a rapid and large mobilization of sedimentary Fe, which was likely associated with pyrite oxidation within mangrove sediments. High resolution elemental analysis of wood cross sections revealed 30–90 fold increase in Fe concentrations in dead mangrove areas just prior to mortality. Fe concentrations in wood samples correlated strongly with the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index, suggesting ENSO was a major driver of Fe mobilization. Large Fe losses from sediments during the dieback are consistent with Fe uptake in the trees, further implying sediment pyrite oxidation. If our data are representative of the entire dieback region, we estimate that the dieback drove the mobilization and loss of 50 ± 173 Gg Fe, equivalent to 8–50 % of annual global atmospheric Fe deposition into the oceans, which is one of the major drivers of surface ocean productivity. Overall, our observations support the hypothesis that the forest dieback was associated with low water availability and Fe toxicity driven by a strong ENSO event.
The architectural design of light-permeable facades – a summary of recent trends and observations

Abstract Contemporary architectural transparency, understood as the optical property of the construction material, is constantly being redefined and, over the last two decades, new design trends have developed. These trends are the result of: (i) dynamic technological progress; (ii) advancement in the field of materials science; (iii) changes in the attitude of clients and users. Transparency is no longer limited to specific functions (e.g. illumination of the interior) but has become a tool of formal expression itself. This paper defines most recent trends, which are divided into two main types: (i) optical-perceptual – relying on phenomenal effects, (ii) geometrical – that differentiate the large group of spatial transformations developed from what was initially flat planar façade.
Grasp database based on the presssure maps of robotic gripper: a preview

Building a grasp database to identify stable hand configuration for grasping a novel object is extremely useful in robotics community, and several databases are available in the literature for this purpose. In this paper, we briefly review the grasp databases that are available in the literature and provide an overview of the grasp database that we intend to build for stable grasp identification. The proposed database will differ markedly from the present ones because we account for the contact pressure maps while grasping and evaluate the grasp in real-time based on the contact force and the contact area. In this paper, we also report the contact pressure maps of daily household objects such as bottles and cans while grasping, and show that each recorded pressure map captures the underlying deformation at the contact, the material properties of contacting surfaces and display the influence of the physical characteristics of object on the contact formation. Specifically, contact pressure maps of empty bottle as well as fluid-filled bottle are explored to see their underlying contact deformation while grasping. A FE-based grasp analysis tool is suggested to evaluate the grasp stability in a constrained simulation environment using these maps.
A New Two-Stage Image Retrieval Algorithm with Convolutional Neural Network

With the rapid growth of available image resources in various areas, effective methods to search image are becoming increasingly important. In this paper we propose an effective two-stage image retrieval algorithm with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image retrieval. Our idea is to modify existing neural network and fine-tune it. Firstly, we use the softmax classifier to classify the images. Then we search further in more detail under the corresponding categories of images. The experimental results show that the image matching speed of our method outperforms several state-of-the-art image retrieval algorithms on the CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets, which can speed up the retrieval of similar features, and improve the query efficiency, as well as be applied in real time. Corresponding Author: Yuhua Li, llyhua@126.com
Network Alarm Analysis Based on Data Mining and LSTM

Network alarms are becoming more and more complex, and the scale is increasing sharply. When the root alarm is generated by the devices, a lot of redundant alarms are often triggered. The traditional processing mode is difficult to find the root alarm and filter out the redundant alarm. We provide a new analysis method based on data mining and long short-term memory(LSTM) to find the root alarm and to filter out the redundant alarm.
Real-time Simulation System for Teleoperated Mobile Robots using V-REP

Currently, with the growth of powerful computers empowering fast computations, dynamics simulation in robotics is no longer expected to be employed solely as an offline computational tool. When using a teleoperation control system, understanding the current position and orientation of the robot is difficult for the controller. In this paper, we explore a real-time simulation system that can be used to provide the current position and orientation of the robot based on the robot operating system (ROS). The simulation software called virtual robotics experimentation platform (V-REP) receives current orientation information from an inertial measurement unit sensor and current position from the ROS package, which allows the V-REP simulation to display the position and orientation of the robot in real time.