Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Energy Levels of the Electron Acceptor Materials on Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Organic photovoltaic cells have been fabricated using copper phthalocyanine CuPc as electron donor and C60 or PCBM as electron acceptor. We have investigated the I-V measurements of two different structures: ITO/PEDOT: PSS/(CuPc:C60 or CuPc:PCBM)/BCP/Al. We have observed that the substitution of PCBM by C60 scales up the photocurrent and the efficiency of the devices. As for the open-circuit voltage and the fill factor, we have seen that Voc and FF depend on the energy difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of CuPc and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)of C60 or PCBM.
Carotenoid biotransformation pathways and oxidative stress in a bird: an experimental approach and its implications for color signaling

Colorful ornaments have been the focus of sexual selection studies since the work of Darwin. Yellow to red coloration is often produced by carotenoid pigments. Different hypotheses have been formulated to explain the evolution of these traits as signals of individual quality. Many of these hypotheses involve the existence of a signal production cost. The carotenoids necessary for signaling can only be obtained from food. In this line, carotenoid-based signals could reveal an individual's capacity to find sufficient dietary pigments. However, the ingested carotenoids are often yellow and became transformed by the organism to produce pigments of more intense color (red ketocarotenoids). Biotransformation often involves oxidation reactions. We tested the hypothesis that biotransformation could be costly because a certain level of oxidative stress is required. Thus, the carotenoid-based signals could reveal the efficiency of the owner in successfully managing this challenge. In a bird with ketocarotenoid-based ornaments (the red-legged partridge; Alectoris rufa), the availability of different carotenoids in the diet and oxidative stress were manipulated. We found that color and pigment levels in the ornaments depended on the relative quantity in the food of those carotenoids used as substrates in biotransformation (i.e. zeaxanthin and lutein). Moreover, we found that birds exposed to certain levels of a free radical generator (diquat) developed redder bills and deposited higher amounts of ketocarotenoids (astaxanthin) in ornaments, thus supporting the hypothesis. However, the effect also depended on the relative abundance of substrate carotenoids in the diet. This last result suggests the involvement of a resource allocation trade-off, which would support, to some extent, a signaling cost linked to carotenoid acquisition.
JUHO HIRN DATA-DRIVEN BUSINESS INTEGRATION IN THE PROCURE- MENT CATEGORY MANAGEMENT OF AN ICT COMPANY

JUHO HIRN: Data-driven business integration in the procurement category management of an ICT company Tampere University of Technology Master of Science Thesis, 73 pages, 8 Appendix pages July 2016 Master’s Degree Programme in Industrial Engineering and Management Major: Industrial Management Examiner: Professor Jussi Heikkilä and Senior Research Fellow Aki Jääskeläinen
sing a fly ’ s eye integrator in efficient llumination engines with multiple light-emitting iode light sources

art Van Giel ouri Meuret ugo Thienpont, FELLOW SPIE rije Universiteit Brussel VUB pplied Physics and Photonics Department TONA/IR leinlaan 2 050 Brussels, Belgium -mail: bvangiel@tona.vub. ac.be Abstract. High brightness light emitting diodes LEDs become a serious alternative for ultrahigh performance lamps in projection displays. We focus on the illumination part of a LED projection engine. We discuss the problem of using several LED light sources for each primary color. In critical applications, the use of several light sources for each color has important benefits. It increases the possible light output to the screen and makes it possible to design a system that is tolerant for failures of one of the LEDs. Therefore, we need an optical system that is both efficient and is able to produce a uniform light beam if one of the LEDs fails. We show that our illumination engine using a fly’s eye integrator meets these requirements, using ray-tracing simulations of the engine. An efficient optimization method based on the simplex method R. J. Koshel, Opt. Lett. 30, 649–651 2005 was developed to design the LED collimation reflective device with collection efficiencies up to 95%. The lens systems in the engine were designed with the same method. This results in a total system efficiency of 77%. © 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. DOI: 10.1117/1.2727313
Numerically Optimized Uniformly Most Powerful Alphabets for Hierarchical-Decode-and-Forward Two-Way Relaying

We address the issue of the parametric performance of the Hierarchical-Decode-and-Forward (HDF) strategy in a wireless 2-way relay channel. Promising HDF, representing the concept of wireless network coding, performs well with a pre-coding strategy that requires Channel State Information (CSI) on the transceiver side. Assuming a practical case when CSI is available only on the receiver side and the channel conditions do not allow adaptive strategies, the parametrization causes significant HDF performance degradation for some modulation alphabets. Alphabets that are robust to the parametrization (denoted Uniformly Most Powerful (UMP)) have already been proposed restricting on the class of non-linear multi-dimensional frequency modulations. In this work, we focus on the general design of unrestricted UMP alphabets. We formulate an optimization problem which is solved by standard non-linear convex constrained optimization algorithms, particularly by Nelder-Mead global optimization search, which is further refined by the local interior-pointsmethod.
The Democratic Ideal vs. Luhmann’s Autopoietic Systems in Adult Education

This paper analyzes the democratic ideal and its historical importance to adult education, and then analyzes how adult education today fits Niklas Luhmann’s (2006) autopoietic systems at the expense of the democratic ideal. In the 1950s most professionals were members of the Adult Education Association, which evolved into the American Association for Adult and Continuing Education. Up through the early 1980s these organizations were home to most adult education professionals. Today the field of adult education has many professional associations, some of which splintered off AAACE such as the Commission on Adult Basic Education (COLLO, 2017; Flemming 2000). The paper uses Luhmann’s (1977; 2006) theories of autopoietic systems and systems of differentiation to explain how the rationalization of adult education into disparate parts, which have little communication with each other, evolved out of the Progressive movement and pursuit of the democratic ideal. Luhmann offers adult educators an opportunity to understand how systems affect learning and information transformation. He takes the simple notion of open and closed systems (those dependent on their environment vs. those which operate independent of their environment) to a more complex understanding of autopoietic systems, which allows them to self-produce through their operations and structures within their environment. The paper applies Luhmann's systems theory to understand why the field of adult education has been fractured into many parts and they why these parts have created separate systems that support their goals yet minimize the interaction between each part, even when they have common goals. According to Luhmann, schooling exasperates social and psychic differentiation as a system, and in essence is a means to socially construct the student (or clients) and therefore is a vehicle of social differentiation. Based on Luhmann's systems theory, education is less about transferring knowledge and more about self-production of the educational system and the social structure’s status quo. This paper will highlight how adult education, adult educators and their students, are shaped by systems. Disciplinary Perspectives This paper uses both a historical and sociological framework. Luhmann was a sociologist whose social theories are widely used in Europe in many different areas including education, law, religion, economics, ecology, and politics. Yet his theory of social differentiation is seldom used to analyze the educational system in the United States, and to my knowledge is rarely used in adult education. In particular the framework of autopoietic systems is particularly relevant to adult education in the United States and helps explain why adult education is seldom seen as an interdisciplinary field that is applicable to many disciplines. This paper is also historical in that my thesis is dependent upon understanding adult education’s historical roots in the United States during the Progressive Era.
Nonlinear stabilization by receding-horizon neural regulators

A receding-horizon (RH) optimal control scheme for a discrete-time nonlinear dynamic system is presented. A nonquadratic cost function is considered and constraints are imposed on both the state and control vectors. A stabilizing regulator is derived by adding a proper terminal penalty function to the process cost. The control vector is generated by means of a feedback control law computed off-line instead of computing it online, as is done for existing RH regulators. The off-line computation is performed by approximating the RH regulator by a multilayer feedforward neural network. Bounds to this approximation are established. Algorithms are presented to determine some essential parameters for the design of the neural regulator, i.e., the parameters characterizing the terminal cost function and the number of neural units in the networks implementing the regulator. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
ALMACAL V: absorption-selected galaxies with evidence for excited ISMs

Gas-rich galaxies are selected efficiently via quasar absorption lines. Recently, a new perspective on such absorption-selected systems has opened up by studying the molecular gas content of absorber host galaxies using ALMA CO emission line observations. Here, we present an analysis of multiple CO transitions (L CO ∼ 109 K km s−1) in two z ∼ 0.5 galaxies associated with one Ly α absorber towards J0238+1636. The CO spectral line energy distributions (CO SLEDs) of these galaxies appear distinct from that of typical star-forming galaxies at similar redshifts and is comparable with that of luminous infrared galaxies or active galactic nucleus (AGN). Indeed, these galaxies are associated with optically identified AGN activity. We infer that the CO line ratios and the αCO conversion factor differ from the Galactic values. Our findings suggest that at least a fraction of absorption-selected systems shows interstellar medium conditions deviating from those of normal star-forming galaxies. For a robust molecular gas mass calculation, it is therefore important to construct the CO SLED. Absorption line selection identifies systems with widely distributed gas, which may preferentially select interacting galaxies, which in turn will have more excited CO SLEDs than isolated galaxies. Furthermore, we raise the question whether quasar absorbers preferentially trace galaxy overdensities.
ON ESTIMATION OF THE POPULATION SPECTRAL DISTRIBUTION FROM A HIGH‐DIMENSIONAL SAMPLE COVARIANCE MATRIX

Sample covariance matrices play a central role in numerous popular statistical methodologies, for example principal components analysis, Kalman filtering and independent component analysis. However, modern random matrix theory indicates that, when the dimension of a random vector is not negligible with respect to the sample size, the sample covariance matrix demonstrates significant deviations from the underlying population covariance matrix. There is an urgent need to develop new estimation tools in such cases with high‐dimensional data to recover the characteristics of the population covariance matrix from the observed sample covariance matrix. We propose a novel solution to this problem based on the method of moments. When the parametric dimension of the population spectrum is finite and known, we prove that the proposed estimator is strongly consistent and asymptotically Gaussian. Otherwise, we combine the first estimation method with a cross‐validation procedure to select the unknown model dimension. Simulation experiments demonstrate the consistency of the proposed procedure. We also indicate possible extensions of the proposed estimator to the case where the population spectrum has a density.
No 1701 A MODE REDUCTION TECHNIQUE FOR THE MULTI-MODE RESOURCE-CONSTRAINED PROJECT SCHEDULING PROBLEM

Recently, new benchmark instances (MMLIB) have been presented by Van Peteghem and Vanhoucke (2014). These instances have been designed in such way that the well known pre-processing procedure of Sprecher et al. (1997) does not have any impact on any instance. We developed a technique that could be applied to the new data set to reduce the number of modes per activity. Computational results show that the procedure is highly effective in reducing the number of modes. A reduction was possible for 2,026 of the 4,320 MMLIB instances.
Do Maternal/Paternal Child Relationships Have a Similar Pattern When the Child Has Tourette's Syndrome? A Case Study

Although I did not realize it at the time, my first experiences in parenting evolved around a child who was diagnosed with onset pervasive developmental disorder by age five. Due to his hyperactivity, he was prescribed Ritalin. Within two weeks after being given this medication, he developed motor and vocal tics and was diagnosed with Tourette’s syndrome (TS) by the time he reached nine years of age. Subsequently, I began a teaching career in special education. During this time, I had guidance by a psychologist and two physicians who taught me a great deal about Tourette’s syndrome (TS). In the years that followed, I continued to research TS and met individuals through my job, at meetings, and at conferences. I discovered that there were different characteristics among individuals who have a child diagnosed with TS. Through review of recent research I discovered there remains controversy in the symptoms and characteristics of an individual with TS and related disorders. I remain interested in this field and continue to be captivated by the evolving history and research in the area of Tourette’s syndrome.
Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence

of the opportunities these provide within an Australian Defence Force (ADF) context. Rather than examine the entire field of AI, we focus on five significant areas that have seen rapid advances during the last decade, and discuss the drivers for these developments and prospects for future successes. In this report, we attempt to provide a balanced perspective, reflecting on both the potential strengths of AI as well as its weaknesses and current limitations. We present an outline of some of the technological breakthroughs that have led to the current growth in AI research for the non-specialist reader and we also discuss some of the requirements for applying these technologies in the context of the ADF. This report is intended to inform Australian military and Defence civilian staff of some of the opportunities presented by this rapidly developing field, and to educate non-specialists on some of the limitations of current techniques.
How to measure public demand for policies when there is no appropriate survey data?

Abstract Explanatory models accounting for variation in policy choices by democratic governments usually include a demand (by the public) and a supply (by the government) component, whereas the latter component is usually better developed from a measurement viewpoint. The main reason is that public opinion surveys, the standard approach to measuring public demand, are expensive, difficult to implement simultaneously for different countries for purposes of crossnational comparison and impossible to implement ex post for purposes of longitudinal analysis if survey data for past time periods are lacking. We therefore propose a new approach to measuring public demand, focussing on political claims made by nongovernmental actors and expressed in the news. To demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of our measure of published opinion, we focus on climate policy in the time period between 1995 and 2010. When comparing the new measure of published opinion with the best available public opinion survey and internet search data, it turns out that our data can serve as a meaningful proxy for public demand.
Misspecifications in modelling journeys to work

In this paper we perform a simulation procedure of testing models for journeys to work. The testing regime is carried out on a number of such models, mainly within the class of gravity models. We test the models on synthetic populations constructed from an aggregated set of a large number of worker subcategories, reflecting for instance different qualifications. Each subcategory is constructed from a gravity model where the population size and parameters are drawn from random distributions. The advantage of this approach is that a large number of tests can be carried out repeatedly to test the response of different kinds of models. We test how specific attributes of the spatial structure and worker heterogeneity are captured by different modelling alternatives. In addition we find that some model formulations falsely tend to report significant contributions to characteristics that were not taken into account in the data generating simulation process. This illustrates the imminent risk of drawing wrong conclusions in empirical work.
A MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL FOR THE EXPLORATION OF NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES AS PERCEIVED BY STUDENTS

The rapid expansion of social networking websites is raising several issues regarding the influence on the individual and social behavior of users. It is without doubt, that social networking websites are a phenomenon of a contemporary society, which has to be explored in various aspects. It is only because SNW are becoming more and more important for the whole society, especially for the youth, after all, they undoubtedly change the world. Their penetration is observed in various society life spheres. Education is not an exception. It can be stated, that SNW change educational processes. However, the main question is: how change? Can they harm, or maybe on the contrary – help in terms of education. Having carried out empiric research, a hierarchical and multidimensional measurement model was developed to explore the negative effects of these websites. The model has been tested on one sample and cross validated on another sample. It has been stated, that SNW negative effects is a multidimensional construct, having several facets that describe distinct aspects. Key words: measurement models, science education, social networking websites, university students.
Body Mass Index, Fatty Liver Index and Other Metabolic Disturbances Differentially Affect Albuminuria and Glomerular Filtration Rate in the General Population

Objective: Obesity and diabetes mellitus increase the risk of chronic renal disease. However, whether body mass index (BMI) and metabolic disturbances are associated with renal dysfunction and affect similarly albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are less clear. Hence, the aim of this study was to describe these associations in the general French population. Methods: We realised a large cross-sectional study of 118,314 subjects aged ≥ 40 years undergoing a medical examination in 11 French regional health centers. Results: Renal dysfunction ((abnormal albuminuria (≥ 30 mg/g) and/or low eGFR ( 40: 7.35 [5.89-9.15]) had a greater risk of abnormal albuminuria than subjects with normal weight. In contrast, the relationship between BMI - or other metabolic disturbances- and low eGFR was continuous. Metabolic disturbances increased the risk of abnormal albuminuria to a greater extent than the risk of abnormal eGFR. High fatty liver index and high calculated risk of developing diabetes were risk factors for both abnormal albuminuria and low eGFR. Conclusion: There is a J-curve relationship between BMI and abnormal albuminuria, in contrast to the continuous association between other metabolic disturbances and abnormal eGFR. All metabolic disturbances are associated with abnormal albuminuria, but the association with abnormal eGFR is less clear, suggesting a stronger relationship with endothelial than renal dysfunction. Abnormal albuminuria and eGFR may precede the onset of diabetes.
A Secure Ordered Multisignature without Random Oracles

Ordered multisignature scheme is a signature scheme to guarantee both validity of an electronic document and its signing order. Although the security of most of such schemes has been proven in the random oracle model, the difficulty of implementation of the random oracle implies that the security should be proven without random oracles, i.e. in the standard model. A straightforward way to construct such schemes in the standard model is to apply an aggregate signature scheme by Ahn et al. and an aggregate signature scheme by Lu et al., both of which are based on CDH problem, but these schemes are inefficient in the sense that its computational cost of pairing computation and the size of public keys depend upon the length of (a hash value of) the message. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a CDH-based ordered multisignature scheme whose computational cost for pairing computation and the size of public key are independent of the length of (a hash value of) the message. We also point out a bug of the scheme by Boldyreva et al., and analyze the security of our scheme under a moderate attack model along with fixing the bug.
Effects of rearing feeding programme on the performance and energy balance 3 of young rabbit does

20 21 A total of 228 young rabbit females aged 9 weeks were used to evaluate five rearing 22 feeding programmes: CAL, fed ad libitum with a control diet [C: 11.0 MJ digestible 23 energy (DE) and 114 g digestible protein (DP) per kg dry matter (DM)] until first 24 parturition; CR, receiving the C diet restricted (140 g/d) from 12 weeks of age to first 25 partum; F, fed ad libitum with a moderate energy fibrous diet [F: 8.7 MJ DE and 88 g 26 DP per kg DM] until first partum; and finally, FC and FCF, fed with F diet ad libitum 27 until 16 weeks of age, whereupon FC group received the C diet ad libitum until first 28 partum, while FCF group received the C diet ad libitum until 20 weeks of age and 29 then the F diet ad libitum until first partum. CAL group had a higher mortality rate 30 compared to the other groups between 9 and 12 weeks of age (34 vs. 3%; P<0.05) 31 and during the last 3 weeks of first pregnancy (14 vs. 3%; P<0.05). CAL and FC 32 females presented higher BW and perirenal fat thickness (PFT) than CR females at 33 week 20 (+0.41 kg and +0.6 mm; P<0.05), with F females showing medium values. 34 The type of feeding procedure did not affect the fertility rate of young females at first 35 AI. Differences in BW disappeared at parturition, when only CAL females presented a 36 greater PFT than CR and FC females (+0.3 mm; P<0.05). In comparison to FCF, 37 CAL females had smaller and thinner live born litters (-2.5 kits and -139 g, 38 respectively; P<0.05), with CR, F and FC females showing medium values. The low 39 number of kits born alive for CAL females was due to their lesser total number of kits 40 born (-1.7 kits; P<0.05) and the greater mortality of their litters at birth (+13.9 %; 41 P<0.05) compared to FCF. NEFA was higher in the blood of females fed C diet (CAL 42 and CR) than in others at partum day (on average +0.15 mmol/L; P<0.05). In 43 conclusion, the ad libitum use of diets for lactating rabbit does throughout the rearing 44 period could lead young rabbit females to present a higher risk of early death and 45 smaller litter size at first parturition. Feed restriction or earlier use of suitably fibrous 46 diets led females to achieve the critical BW and fat mass at first mating to ensure 47 reproduction. 48 49