Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polyatomic Ion-Induced Electron Emission (IIEE) in Electrospray Thrusters

To better characterize the lifetime and performance of electrospray thrusters, electron emission due to electrode impingement by the propellant cation 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMI+) has been evaluated with semi-empirical modeling techniques. Results demonstrate that electron emission due to grid impingement by EMI+ cations becomes significant once EMI+ attains a threshold velocity of ∼9×105 cm s−1. The mean secondary electron yield, γ¯, exhibits strong linearity with respect to EMI+ velocity for typical electrospray operating regimes, and we present a simple linear fit equation corresponding to thruster potentials greater than 1 kV. The model chosen for our analysis was shown to be the most appropriate for molecular ion bombardments and is a useful tool in estimating IIEE yields in electrospray devices for molecular ion masses less than ∼1000 u and velocities greater than ∼106 cm s−1. Droplet-induced electron emission (DIEE) in electrospray thrusters was considered by treating a droplet as a macro-ion, with low charge-to-mass ratio, impacting a solid surface. This approach appears to oversimplify back-spray phenomena, meaning a more complex analysis is required. While semi-empirical models of IIEE, and the decades of solid state theory they are based upon, represent an invaluable advance in understanding secondary electron emission in electrospray devices, further progress would be gained by investigating the complex surfaces the electrodes acquire over their lifetimes and considering other possible emission processes.
Estimating the between-issue variation in party elite cue effects

Influential models and studies of public opinion formation identify party elite cues as prominent drivers of public policy opinion. However, there is substantial variation in effect sizes across studies, and this variation is a barrier to the generalizability, theoretical development and practical utility of party elite cues research. In this paper, I estimate the variation in party elite cue effects that is caused simply by heterogeneity in the policy issues studied. I analyze three datasets from party elite cue experiments that contain between 10 and 34 U.S. policy issues each. I estimate the variance across the unobserved population of policy issues in both (i) the basic party elite cue effect and (ii) its relationship with the putative moderators of political sophistication and need for cognition. My estimates of between-issue variation in the basic and moderator effects equate to somewhere between one-third and two-thirds of the between-study variation previously observed in the literature. This highlights that a majority of existing between-study variation in party elite cue effects could simply be caused by the studies’ limited sampling of policy issues. I conclude that sampling a larger number of policy issues would substantially improve the generalizability of studies’ estimates of party elite cue effects, thereby providing a firmer empirical foundation for theory building, testing, and for applying the results to predict future cases of party elite influence.
Cornogonopus – a new monotypic cave-dwelling genus of the family Anthroleucosomatidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida) from Serbia, Balkan Peninsula

This paper presents a description of a new monotypic genus of the family Anthroleucosomatidae – Cornogonopus pavicevici gen. nov., sp. nov. – from a cave in eastern Serbia. This new genus is the tenth of the “Bulgarosoma” complex of genera. The new species is illustrated with micrographs, SEM photographs, drawings, as well as in situ photographs. Further, an identification key to all 10 genera of this complex is provided and the structure of the posterior and anterior gonopods is briefly discussed. The geographical distribution of all genera is presented, with a distribution map attached.
CULTURAL AND IDENTITY SURVIVAL OF THE MALAY-MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN PERTH, AUSTRALIA

1. Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. 2. Department of Anthropology and Sociology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 3. Academy of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 27 August 2020 Final Accepted: 30 September 2020 Published: October 2020
Precise determination of Mg/Fe ratios applicable to terrestrial olivine samples using Raman spectroscopy

The relationship between Mg# [ = 100 Mg/(Mg + Fe) in mol] and the Raman shift was analyzed precisely for olivine [(Mg, Fe)2SiO4] samples with Mg# between 100 and 62.8. Two prominent peaks at 826–820 cm−1 (peak 1) and 858–849 cm−1 (peak 2) and three subordinate peaks at 883–881 cm−1 (peak 3), 920–914 cm−1 (peak 4), and 967–951 cm−1 (peak 5) were observed to shift monotonously to lower wavenumbers with decreasing Mg#. The ΔMg#( = Mg#ref − Mg#) versus Δν(= νref − ν) can be linearly regressed for each peak as ΔMg# = A Δν, where ν is a peak wavenumber of olivine with Mg# ranging from 100 to 62.8, and νref is that of olivine with a reference value of Mg#, namely, Mg#ref. We set Mg#ref as 100 (i.e.pure forsterite Mg2SiO4) whereas A is a regression parameter (5.789, 4.294, 12.34, 6.348, and 2.09, respectively,for peaks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5). This equation enables us to avoid small inter-laboratory differences of wavenumber calibration. The equation for peak 2 yields estimations of Mg# in geologically satisfactory precision, ± 1 Mg# (1σ) in the Mg# range of 100–62.8. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differentiating morpho-functional patterns of the five most common deep-sea benthic anglerfishes (Lophiiformes) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands (eastern Indian Ocean)

Anglerfishes are widely distributed from shallow to deep-water habitats occupying different ecological niches. To explain this adaptability, we performed a morpho-functional study on common benthic anglerfishes inhabiting the Indian deep-sea waters. Sensory capabilities of species were examined using the morphology and morphometry of sagitta otoliths (related to detection sound and hearing) and eye size (related to visual communication). We also performed an analysis of the degree of functional niche overlap using fish body traits to understand the coexistence of species. Otoliths showed a morphological pattern similar to that of other anglerfishes: an archaesulcoid sulcus acusticus and variability in the irregularity of the dorsal margin. This last feature affected the allometric relationships between the otolith morphometry and fish length, as well as the otolith relative sizes of each species. The findings suggested that bigger otoliths are associated with the increase of depth distribution of species up to 1000 m, from which it decreases. Our hypothesis is that anglerfishes with irregular otolith shapes could be linked to more nocturnal feeding behaviour because they were characterized by greater eye sizes. The results also indicated interspecific significant differences in functional traits providing a low niche overlap. Therefore, our study supports the hypothesis of an environmental and ecological specialization of benthic anglerfishes.
Social movements as schooling for careers: career consequences of the Nashville civil rights movement

ABSTRACT Scholarship on social movement schools shows that movements often facilitate the schooling of their participants, while scholarship on the biographical consequences of social movements demonstrates that movements influence their participants’ subsequent careers. To date, however, few studies consider whether and how the schooling functions of social movements shape participants’ later careers. In this article, through a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of the careers of 23 student participants in the Nashville civil rights movement of 1958–1961, we show that participants who enrolled in James Lawson’s workshops in nonviolence and who served in the core cadre of the movement’s Student Central Committee – two important forms of social movement schooling – pursued careers in organizing and electoral politics. In contrast, participants who did not enroll in Lawson’s workshops and who were not part of the core cadre of the Student Central Committee tended to pursue careers as social service workers or businesspeople. The article extends our knowledge of the impacts of social movement schools and suggests directions for future research on the biographical consequences of social movements.
Anticoagulants and Antiplatelets for Lumbar Medial Branch Blocks.

1Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. ; 2Michigan State University, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A. ; 3Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A. ; 4University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A. ; 5Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Electrodeposition of NiSn-rGO Composite Coatings from Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Physicochemical Characterization

The present work describes, for the first time, the electrodeposition of NiSn alloy/reduced graphene oxide composite coatings (NiSn-rGO) obtained under pulse current electrodeposition conditions from deep eutectic solvents (choline chloride: ethylene glycol eutectic mixtures) containing well-dispersed GO nanosheets. The successful incorporation of the carbon-based material into the metallic matrix has been confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A decrease in the crystallite size of the coating was evidenced when graphene oxide was added to the electrolyte. Additionally, the topography and the electrical properties of the materials were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The corrosion behavior in 0.5 M NaCl solution was analyzed through potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods for different immersion periods, up to 336 h, showing a slightly better corrosion performance as compared to pure NiSn alloy.
Pilot-Scale Experiments on Anaerobic Treatment of Wastewater from a Fish Processing Plant

From November 1985 to May 1988, experiments with anaerobic treatment of wastewater from a fish cannery were carried out at the Water Quality Institute (WQI) at Aarhus, Denmark. An anaerobic fixed filter (AF) reactor and an anaerobic fluidized bed (AFB) reactor were used for the pilot-scale experiments. The reactors were monitored and controlled by a microcomputer. The aim of the experiments was to determine the biogas yield from COD reduction and to show the efficiency of the reactor as a function of the following operation parameters: Volumetric organic load, 3–15 kg COD/(m 3 ·day); temperature, 30–35°C, pH (control of); salinity, 1–4%. Operational data are presented, including start-up after stand-by periods of varying lengths, from one day to three months. Both reactors showed excellent capability of handling load variations and were capable of quick start-up and high efficiency even after long stand-by periods.
Agricultural development risks increasing gully erosion and cumulative sediment yields from headwater streams in Great Barrier Reef catchments

Protecting headwater streams is essential to minimise downstream sediment loads to rivers, estuaries, and oceans. This study analyses the gully and sheet erosion risk from a 33,000 ha agricultural development proposal in the Normanby catchment draining to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Lagoon, Australia. The slope‐area threshold for channel initiation was assessed for existing gully channel head locations using satellite images and a hydrologically enforced digital elevation model (SRTM). Thresholds were used to predict whether other stream lines (1:25k scale) were prone to gully incision under development. Results indicated that 430 km out of 1,200 km of streams were at risk of gullying, which could increase erosion by 2‐times, delivering 7,500 t yr−1 locally and 1,700 t yr−1 (worth A$1.8 million) to the GBR. Sheet erosion under agriculture is estimated (RUSLE) to increase by 13‐times from 0.12 to 1.5 t ha−1 yr−1, with 2,200 t yr−1 to streams and 900 t yr−1 (worth A$1 million) to the GBR. Buffering (±50 m) 560 km of headwater streams would cover 5,600 ha or 17% of the area. Precision agriculture using higher resolution topographic data (LiDAR) and improved slope‐area thresholds for gully erosion should be a minimum prerequisite for development, which would reduce but not eliminate increased sediment loads to the GBR. Forest clearance for agriculture is ongoing in Australia, but this first‐world country does not have effective policies or regulations to protect headwater streams or cumulative impacts to the World Heritage Great Barrier Reef, despite millions of dollars spent annually to reduce past land degradation.
Is Physical Activity, Functional Ability, and Depression Related to The Elderly Quality of Life in East Jakarta?

--Introduction: The global population is aging, and the number of elderly people continues to increase worldwide. The increase in the elderly population is followed by an increase in problems due to degenerative processes that have an impact on the quality of life of the elderly. Several factors that affect the quality of life of the elderly include physical activity, functional abilities, and depression. Methodology: The study design was cross-sectional. Based on the quota sampling in East Jakarta, 180 elderly were selected as the sample. WHOQOL-BREF was used to measured quality of life of independent variables. GPAQ, IADL-Barthel Index, GDS were used to measure dependent variables of physical activity, functional ability and depression, respectively. The Data collection method was an interview using a questionnaire. Data analysis includes univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-Square test and multivariate analysis using Logistic Statistics test using Enter method. Results: Most of the elderly have a good quality of life (77.2%). There was a significant corellation between physical activity, functional ability, depression and the quality of life of the elderly. The most important factor was physical activity and the P values and OR were 0.014 and OR 3.409, respectively after being controlled by the variables of functional ability and depression. Conclusion: The finding indicated physical activity was the key factor of quality of life. In order to support elderly to exercise regularly and safely, cooperation between local governments, communities, and families is needed to develop interesting exercise/leisure sport programs and provide support facilities for the elderly. Keywords— quality of life, physical activity, functional ability, depression, elderly
Gambling over Public Opinion

We consider bargaining environments in which public opinion provides leverage by making compromises costly. Two parties make initial demands, before knowing the public opinion. If deadlocked, they can bargain again after public opinion forms, but suffer reputation costs if they compromise, i.e., scale back their demands. We show that in equilibrium, parties may choose to make incompatible demands initially and gamble over public opinion even though one or both parties must bear a cost later. We characterize when deadlocks arise, and how this affects the welfare of the public in a representative two-party democracy compared to a direct democracy.
Trust‐aware generative adversarial network with recurrent neural network for recommender systems

Recently recommender systems become more and more significant in the daily life such as event recommendation, content recommendation and commodity recommendation, and so forth. Although the recommender systems based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) are competent, the user trust information is seldom taken into consideration to improve the recommendation accuracy. In this paper, we propose a Trust‐Aware GAN with recurrent neural network (RNN) for RECommender systems named TagRec, which makes use of the user trust information for top‐N recommendation. In the framework, the discriminative model is a multilayer perceptron to distinguish whether a sample is from the real data or fake data generated by the generative model. The discriminator helps to guide the training of the generative model to make it fit the data distribution of the user trust information. The generative model is a RNN with long short‐term memory cells, aiming to confuse the discriminative model by generating samples as similar as possible to the real data. Through the adversarial training between the discriminative and generative models, the user trust information can be fully used to improve the recommendation performance. We conduct extensive experiments on real‐word data sets to validate the effectiveness of the TagRec by comparing it with the benchmarks.
Céramiques diélectriques commandables pour applications micro-ondes : composites à base de titanate de baryum-strontium et d'un oxyde non ferroélectrique

Actuellement, les ceramiques dielectriques suscitent de nombreux travaux pour des applications microondes (resonateurs dielectriques accordables ou dephaseurs). Pour cela, elles devront etre commandables - modification de la constante dielectrique sous l'action d'un champ electrique – avoir une permittivite moderee (de 30 a 1000) et des tangentes de pertes les plus faibles possibles. Dans ce but, nous avons etudie des ceramiques composites a base de Ba0.6Sr0. 4TiO3 (BSTO) et d'un oxyde non-ferroelectrique de faible permittivite (MgTiO3 ou MgO). Il s'agissait de correler la microstructure des ceramiques et leurs proprietes dielectriques, notamment la temperature de Curie et les relaxations dielectriques. Des ceramiques a grains nanometriques de BSTO, pour comparaison a des ceramiques a grains microniques obtenues par frittage conventionnel, ont ete realisees par pressage a chaud de poudres broyees par attrition. L'hypothese que ces ceramiques amelioreraient les performances des dispositifs microondes s'est averee inexacte. Une reduction des permittivites est observee mais au detriment de la commandabilite et des pertes. Les ceramiques a grains micrometriques de BSTO dopees Mn ont conduit aux meilleures performances. Cependant, les pertes mesurees atteindraient une valeur limite basse lors de l'optimisation du materiau ; il s'agirait de pertes intrinseques au materiau dues a une relaxation dielectrique de type dipolaire dans la gamme des GHz. Il faudra le verifier par des mesures en infra-rouge. Les temperatures de Curie (Tc) chutent drastiquement lors de l'ajout de MgTiO3 ou MgO, montrant une reaction entre les oxydes - observee par DRX seulement pour les ceramiques a base de MgTiO3. Une faible interdiffusion abaisse donc largement Tc, et de ce fait la permittivite, et degrade la commandabilite. Pour pallier ces problemes, une structure multicouche est testee. Un affinement des dopages des composites pourrait aussi ameliorer les performances.
Deep learning approaches for segmenting Bruch’s membrane opening from OCT volumes

Automated segmentation of the eye’s morphological features in OCT datasets is fundamental to support rapid clinical decision making and to avoid time-consuming manual segmentation of the images. In recent years, deep learning (DL) techniques have become a commonly employed approach to tackle image analysis problems. This study provides a description of the development of automated DL segmentation methods of the Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO) from a series of OCT cross-sectional scans. A range of DL techniques are systematically evaluated, with the secondary goal to understand the effect of the network input size on the model performance. The results indicate that a fully semantic approach, in which the whole B-scan is considered with data augmentation, results in the best performance, achieving high levels of similarity metrics with a dice coefficient of 0.995 and BMO boundary localization with a mean absolute error of 1.15 pixels. The work further highlights the importance of fully semantic methods over patch-based techniques in the classification of OCT regions.
Understanding Brand Image from Consumer-generated Hashtags

This study yields insights into consumers’ use of hashtags and its impact on brands. We demonstrate how user-generated hashtags contribute to constructing brand personality in a market and examine changing perceptions of them among consumers. Comparing to the previous literature, our proposed method is relatively inexpensive by reducing the level of difficulty and subjectivity of text mining analysis. Therefore, our approach provides a simple and systematic way to monitor brand-associated information from massive amounts
Physicochemical and biological activities of polysaccharides from the waste residue of sea cucumber peptide production

This study was to investigate the physicochemical and biological activities of sea cucumber polysaccharides extracted from waste residue of peptide production (SCRP). The monosaccharide composition of SCRP was 20.03% mannose, 19.56% glucose, 18.63% galactose, 25.94% arabinose and 15.82% fucose with the Mw and Mn of SCRP of 57.5 and 51.3 kDa. The intrinsic viscosity of SCRP was 8.9 mL/mg with a liquid-like rheological behaviour. Two main endothermic peak temperatures of the SCRP sample were 85.03 and 231.80°C. SCRP rendered the early apoptosis of cells, as well as induced the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increase the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level with a concentration-dependence manner. The results implied that a by-product SCRP could be extracted from the waste residue during peptide production, and exhibited inhibitory effects against MDA-MB-231 cells.
Analisis Sentimen Terhadap Pelayanan PT. PLN Di Jakarta Pada Twitter Dengan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN)

Twitter merupakan media sosial yang banyak digunakan masyarakat untuk berpendapat. Pendapat tersebut dapat berupa opini terhadap pelayanan perusahaan. Salah satu perusahaan yang menyediakan wadah opini tersebut, yaitu PT. PLN melalui akun @pln_123. Opini tersebut berupa laporan atau pertanyaan (sentimen netral), keluhan(sentimen negatif), dan dukungan (sentimen positif) perihal kelistrikan PLN yang dapat dijadikan acuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang lebih baik lagi dengan cara analisis sentimen. Analisis sentimen dapat dilakukan melalui tahap text preprocessing , yaitu membersihkan kata yang tidak relevan dengan sentimen lalu memberikan bobot tiap kata dengan Term Frequency - Invers Document Frequency (TF-IDF) kemudian melakukan klasifikasi dengan algoritma K- Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) menggunakan Euclidean Distance dengan jarak antar tetangga berjumlah 3 atau K = 3. Total akurasi yang didapatkan sebesar 89,4% dengan hasil klasifikasi pada bulan Februari 2020 pada daerah DKI Jakarta dari total 500 tweets menghasilkan sejumlah sentimen netral sebanyak 426 (85,2%), sentimen negatif sebanyak 71 (14,2%), dan sentimen positif sebanyak 3 (0,6%).