Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complex iron and sulphate reducing Cretaceous sedimentary system revealed by extreme isotope values

The iron and sulphur isotope compositions of sedimentary pyrites have been extensively used as a proxy for microbial metabolisms and redox evolution of the oceans. We illustrate the benefit of in‐situ and coupled study of Fe and S isotopes on sedimentary pyrites from late mid‐Cretaceous sediments from the Central Apennines, Italy. We report extremely low δ56Fe values for sedimentary pyrites (as low as −4.7‰) and unusual high δ34S values (as high as +88.9‰). We propose a model that explains these extreme values but also the large range of pyrite δ34S and δ56Fe values as well as the considerable microscale variations in this values. These isotopic compositions were likely produced by microbial dissimilatory iron reduction in the shelf sediment, transportation of Fe2+ via an iron shuttle, production of heavy SO4 by pyrite precipitation in the water column, diffusion and advection of SO4 and H2S, and finally bacterial sulphate reduction.
An Adaptive Human Pilot Model for Adaptively Controlled Systems

Despite their success in handling uncertain dynamical systems that are prone to failure, adaptive controllers are observed to have unfavorable interactions with human pilots in certain applications. To alleviate this problem, we need to evaluate the safety and performance of adaptive controllers in the simulation environment using realistic pilot models before conducting flight tests. While many useful human pilot models exist in the literature, models that are adequate for the prediction of adaptive human-adaptive controller interactions are yet to be available. In this letter, we fill this gap by proposing an adaptive human pilot model suited for the prediction of human behavior in the loop with an adaptive controller. The model can serve as a valuable tool guiding the design of adaptive controllers so as to ensure smooth pilot-controller interactions.
Measuring the Performance of a Distributed Quota Enforcement System for Spam Control

In this thesis, I evaluate Distributed Quota Enforcement (DQE), a system for enforcing quotas on e-mail use as a spam control mechanism. I briefly describe the design and implementation of DQE, and then evaluate the enforcer’s performance in several ways. My evaluation includes: the capacity of a single node; how the enforcer scales with added nodes; how well the enforcer tolerates faults; the relationship between the enforcer’s size and time to respond (request latency); and the impact of globally distributing the enforcer’s nodes. Salient features of the evaluation include: an enforcer composed of a few thousand high-end PCs can handle the world’s current e-mail volume; the enforcer is resistant to failures: even with 20% of its nodes down, stamps are reused on average only 1.5 times; the main bottleneck in the enforcer’s performance is disk seeks. Thesis Supervisor: Hari Balakrishnan Title: Professor
The Relationship Between School Principals' Cultural Intelligence Level and Teachers' Job Satisfaction and Intention to Leave the Job

This research aims to determine the relationship between school principals' cultural intelligence level and teachers' job satisfaction and intention to leave. The relational survey model was used in this study. The data of the research were collected from 800 teachers working in public middle schools in the central districts of Mersin Province in the 2020-2021 academic year. The data were collected through Personal Information Form, Cultural Intelligence Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale, and Intention to Leave Scale. The data were analyzed through correlation analysis, Structural Equation Modeling and Sobel Test. According to the results of the research, a strong, positive and significant relationship was found between the cultural intelligence level of school principals and the job satisfaction of teachers. A strong, negative, and significant relationship was determined between the cultural intelligence level of school principals and teachers' intention to leave. A strong, negative, and significant relationship was determined between teachers' job satisfaction and their intention to leave. It was found that the cultural intelligence level of school principals negatively predicted teachers' intention to leave. It was also determined that cultural intelligence levels of school principals negatively predicted teachers' intention to leave through job satisfaction, and teachers’ job satisfaction was a partial mediator of the relationship between the cultural intelligence levels of school principals and teachers' intention to leave. It was suggested that candidates with high cultural intelligence levels should be given priority in the appointment process of school principals.
Deterrents to Participation in Sharing Economy Activities: Cross-Country Survey

Research background: Sharing economy is driven by a number of factors, such as intensified application of internet and smartphones, shift towards circular economy and sustainability, and globalization. An impact of globalization processes on consumer society is expressed not only in growth of international trade or development of transnational corporations, but also in change of cultural and communication patterns, specifically regarding change in attitudes towards ownership. Purpose of the article: The goal of the research is to evaluate consumers’ perception of a sharing economy. The current research continues the previous studies conducted by the authors but focuses on reasons for consumers’ negative attitude towards sharing economy. Methods: The study is conducted on the basis of survey results, which include 876 valid questionnaires. To understand the relationship between personal characteristics and lack of activity in sharing economy, the study implemented moderation statistical analysis. The choice of moderators was based on theoretical ground that estimates age, gender and education to influence person's choice on sharing economy; in this study those predictions are testing by means of moderation analysis. Findings & Value added: The authors tested the moderation effect of age, gender, and education on withdrawal from the sharing economy practices in relation to key sharing economy sectors (respondent was involved as service receiver/provider). Besides, the moderation effect of respondent's involvement into sharing economy as provider and receiver on withdrawal from the sharing economy practices in relation to key personal characteristics of the respondent was tested.
Mobile Industrial Robots Localization Algorithm Based on Improved Multidimensional Scale and Received Signal Strength Indication

Aiming at the problem of large error in the location algorithm based on MDS-MAP when the distance between mobile industrial robots is not measurable, a mobile industrial robot location algorithm based on improved MDS-MAP is proposed. Experimental simulation shows that the algorithm can achieve good positioning effect. When the distance between mobile industrial robots is measurable, the positioning algorithm based on RSSI achieves good positioning effect. Therefore, this paper discusses the influence of different anchor robot selection methods on the positioning accuracy of RSSI positioning algorithm. The experimental simulation shows that when the selection method of anchoring robot is that the unknown robot with adjacent anchoring robot uses the original anchoring robot for positioning and the unknown robot without anchoring robot uses the adjacent positioning robot as the anchoring robot for positioning, its positioning effect is the best, and it can still achieve good positioning effect when there are few anchoring robots.
Thermographic Assessment of the Forearm During Data Entry Tasks: A Reliability Study

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) negatively impact worker’s health, ability to work, and their quality of life. Non-invasive methods for assessing the physiological responses to workload may provide information on physiological markers leading to increased risk of WMSDs. The following study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using thermography to quantify differences in thermal readings of participants during and following a data entry task and assess the repeatability of thermal readings. Skin surface temperature measurements of the dorsal forearm were obtained from 12 participants (6 females, 6 males) during a data entry task (35 minutes) and a 30-minute post-task period. Participants also reported their perceived forearm discomfort during data entry and recovery. Three forearm analysis regions were analyzed based on statistical findings; Upper Left, Lower Left and Right regions. Temperature trends were found to increase during data entry and decrease during recovery. The Upper Left region was warmer during both data entry and recovery phases in comparison to the other regions. Repeatability of surface temperatures, based on intraclass correlations (ICCs), was found to be fair for magnitudes and trends during data entry, and poor for magnitudes and trends during recovery, despite higher significant correlations in the latter. Positive correlations were evident between subjective feelings of forearm discomfort trends and temperature trends in response to workload. No gender differences were found with regard to temperature measurements. This work contributes to the understanding of surface responses of the forearm during and following an applied stress, and to the literature supporting thermography as a noninvasive evaluative tool for assessing physiological responses during job tasks.
Factors Influencing Group Creativity in Project-organized Teams in Engineering Education in China

In China, project-organized learning is regarded as a strategy to foster creative engineers. This study explores the link between project-organized learning and group creativity. We regard group creativity as a socio-cultural concept, influenced by factors from a social andcultural context. Relating this point to project-organized learning in engineering education in China, this paper focuses on which factorsinfluence group creativity development in project-organized teams. Multiple methods including questionnaire and interview wereemployed. A CCQ (Creative Climate Questionnaire) survey was conducted among 126 members from 25 teams at seven universities.Interviews were carried out with eight team leaders. Research findings show that a series of factors such as task challenge, groupdiversity, conflict, group size and membership change etc. influence group creativity interactively; however, risk taking is notencouraged in these teams, which could be the potential barrier to creativity. Therefore this paper has contributions to implications forengineering education innovation.
Nonlinear 4 × 4 MDS diffusion layers

Abstract Nonlinear diffusion layers are less studied in cryptographic literature, up to now. In 2018, Liu, Rijmen and Leander studied nonlinear non-MDS diffusion layers and mentioned some advantages of them. As they stated, nonlinear diffusion layers could make symmetric ciphers more resistant against statistical and algebraic cryptanalysis. In this paper, we examine nonlinear MDS mappings and present a family of 4 × 4 nonlinear MDS diffusion layers. Then, we discuss the optimized implementation of the proposed family in software-oriented applications.
Improving the Performance of Continuous-Variable Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution via a Noiseless Linear Amplifier

In the continuous variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) protocol, both Alice and Bob send quantum states to an untrusted third party, Charlie, for detection through the quantum channel. In this paper, we mainly study the performance of the CV-MDI-QKD system using the noiseless linear amplifier (NLA). The NLA is added to the output of the detector at Charlie’s side. The research results show that NLA can increase the communication distance and secret key rate of the CV-MDI-QKD protocol. Moreover, we find that the more powerful the improvement of the performance with the longer gain of NLA and the optimum gain is given under different conditions.
Side‐polished fiber optic temperature sensor using a prism and fiber‐to‐planar waveguide coupler

A temperature sensor is manufactured and characterized using the evanescent field coupling between the fiber‐to‐planar waveguide coupler and prism. Bianthrone was used as a planar waveguide due to its thermochromic isomerization (stereoisomerism). The responses to heating of the wavelength and the attenuated total reflection (ATR) output power of these sensors are 1.6 nm/°C and 2.9 mW/°C, respectively. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 46: 523–525, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21035
Potentials of Endophytic Fungi in the Biosynthesis of Versatile Secondary Metabolites and Enzymes

World population growth and modernization have engendered multiple environmental problems: the propagation of humans and crop diseases and the development of multi-drug-resistant fungi, bacteria and viruses. Thus, a considerable shift towards eco-friendly products has been seen in medicine, pharmacy, agriculture and several other vital sectors. Nowadays, studies on endophytic fungi and their biotechnological potentials are in high demand due to their substantial, cost-effective and eco-friendly contributions in the discovery of an array of secondary metabolites. For this review, we provide a brief overview of plant–endophytic fungi interactions and we also state the history of the discovery of the untapped potentialities of fungal secondary metabolites. Then, we highlight the huge importance of the discovered metabolites and their versatile applications in several vital fields including medicine, pharmacy, agriculture, industry and bioremediation. We then focus on the challenges and on the possible methods and techniques that can be used to help in the discovery of novel secondary metabolites. The latter range from endophytic selection and culture media optimization to more in-depth strategies such as omics, ribosome engineering and epigenetic remodeling.
Circumventing Conceptual Flaws in Classical Interaction Control Strategies

This paper studies the problem of interaction control based on force and velocity measurements. Without restricting ourselves to fixed control structures such as admittance or impedance control, we consider the general topology of the problem. Adopting the idea of Youla-based 2DOF control, we reveal a generic control architecture that splits the problem into two independent parts: nominal admittance shaping and disturbance rejection. This pinpoints conceptual flaws in classical interaction control architectures and suggests a way to circumvent them. As a by-product, a complete and compact parameterization of all achievable admittances is derived. The potential of the proposed architecture for analysis and controller design is demonstrated and validated experimentally.
Survey of Mathematical Expression Recognition for Printed and Handwritten Documents

In this paper, we provide a review of Mathematical Expression Recognition (MER) for both printed and handwritten domains. We describe the past work in a manner that clearly highlights the common and distinguishing aspects. The review reveals advances in the techniques used for the detection and recognition of MEs for online and offline modalities. Systems have evolved from the use of domain-specific crafted modules to architectures learned in a completely data-driven manner. Learning tasks and datasets have been standardized, thus allowing performance comparison of the systems. With automated learning of improved feature representations and guided by the related fields such as machine translation and captioning, the systems have progressed to demonstrate improved robustness to the variability in the inputs.
Characterization of compact heat sink models in natural convection

The modeling of heat sinks was carried out by using the electronics cooling software for natural convection scenarios in vertical configurations. Simulations were carried out using the electronics cooling CFD software on both actual and compact heat sink models to evaluate the thermal efficiency of the heat sink. The effective thermal conductivity of the compact heat sink was calculated using Nusselt number correlation for free convection on a vertical plate. Due to the complex nature of the Nusselt number correlation for free convection on a vertical plate, an iterative solution was used in order to solve for the effective conductivity of the compact heat sink. The use of compact heat sink models helps to reduce the cost of computing time and resources. The compact modeling technique was first applied to both extruded and pin fin heat sinks to validate the methodology in laminar natural convection scenarios. After validating the methodology in laminar natural convection scenarios, it was applied to a system level model consisting of a set of pin fin heat sinks placed on a row of components. It was found that the compact heat sink technique results in significant savings in mesh size and computing time and also gives good accuracy when compared with the results from the detailed heat sink models.
Considering How to Use First Principles of Instruction and Video Technologies to Support Teachers’ Professional Learning in Mathematics Education

Los principales principios de instrucción de Merrill proporcionan un marco para el diseño de instrucción centrada en el alumno. En este artículo examinamos cómo esos Principios de Instrucción proporcionan un marco para examinar formas efectivas de aprovechar el uso de tecnologías de video para mejorar el diseño e implementar el aprendizaje profesional para los profesores de matemáticas. Sintetizamos los Primeros Principios de la Instrucción, el ciclo de lecciones Launch-Explore-Discuss en matemáticas (Polly, 2017b; Tools4NCTeachers, s.f.), y los principios del aprendizaje profesional centrado en el alumno (Polly y Hannafin, 2010). Luego describimos viñetas sobre cómo las tecnologías de video pueden mejorar las experiencias de aprendizaje profesional que se alinean con los Primeros Principios de Instrucción y el aprendizaje profesional centrado en el alumno. Cerramos con implicaciones y recomendaciones para la investigación y la práctica para futuros esfuerzos. Merrill’s First Principles of Instruction provide a framework for the design of learner-centered instruction. In this article we examine how those Principles of Instruction provide a framework to examine effective ways to leverage the use of video technologies to enhance the design and implement professional learning for mathematics teachers. We synthesize the First Principles of Instruction, the Launch-Explore-Discuss lesson cycle in mathematics (Polly, 2017b; Tools4NCTeachers, n.d.), and principles of learner-centered professional learning (Polly & Hannafin, 2010). We then describe vignettes about how video technologies can enhance professional learning experiences that align to the First Principles of Instruction and learner-centered professional learning. We close with implications and recommendations for research and practice for future endeavors.
An Improved Handover Decision Algorithm for 5G Heterogeneous Networks

Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) appears as one of the most potential solutions for Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks. It provides flexible and ubiquitous wireless connections to indoor and outdoor mobile users by deploying Smallcells underneath Macrocells. Hence, HetNet achieves higher throughput and better coverage. Besides, HetNet also supports the Internet of Things (IoT) technology and provides uninterrupted coverage to home appliances. However, frequent Handovers (HOs), Ping-Pong (PP) effects, and Load Balancing are the critical challenges of 5G HetNets due to the massive and unplanned deployment of Smallcells. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimized handover decision algorithm to improve the handover procedures and enhance the Quality of Service (QoS) in the 5G HetNets. This paper suggests a Machine Learning (ML) based technique that monitors the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), available radio resources, active time, and speed of User Equipment (UE) to ensure efficient HO decisions. Thus, the proposed algorithm reduces the frequent handovers and ping-pong effects by enhancing the HO procedures. By implementing a supervised ML approach, the algorithm achieves better results in terms of throughput and efficiency than the existing methods. In addition, the paper explains some challenges and research directions for researchers.
Forming Wisdom of Crowds by Visualizing Web Pages

The way a user interacts with information on the Web has changed along with the permeation of the Web into the general public. During the Web creation period, web pages were registered to portal sites in the form of links, and users visited these portal sites to look for information. This method functioned well when the amount of total information on the Web was relatively small, but as the amount of information grew, finding information by following the portal links alone would not guarantee the discovery of needed information. The search technique is widely used as a method of filtering user-requested information from a vast amount mixed information. Services using what is called the " Wisdom of Crowds " have recently been gaining attention as a new trend on the Web. Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia which anyone can edit, is a prime example of high-usage information source created using the Wisdom of Crowds. Wikipedia contains expert-level knowledge covering a broad range of areas and categories, and it is free. Creation of such knowledge content is possible by enabling users to easily participate in the formation of Wisdom of Crowds. However, the following two problems exist when such Wisdom of Crowds is formed: 1. Understanding the whole construct of the Wisdom of Crowds is difficult 2. Knowing the content area which needs contribution is difficult This research aims to solve the above problems by assisting the formation of Wisdom of Crowds using PlainView, a Web page visualization system. PlainView can map a set of web pages onto a two-dimensional plane to generate a holistic view of those web pages. Existing concept of " complementary search " is applied to the system to visualize and discover the content area that requires user contribution. This research attempts to bring
Adhesion GPCR GPR56 Expression Profiling in Human Tissues

Despite the immense functional relevance of GPR56 (gene ADGRG1) in highly diverse (patho)physiological processes such as tumorigenesis, immune regulation, and brain development, little is known about its exact tissue localization. Here, we validated antibodies for GPR56-specific binding using cells with tagged GPR56 or eliminated ADGRG1 in immunotechniques. Using the most suitable antibody, we then established the human GPR56 tissue expression profile. Overall, ADGRG1 RNA-sequencing data of human tissues and GPR56 protein expression correlate very well. In the adult brain especially, microglia are GPR56-positive. Outside the central nervous system, GPR56 is frequently expressed in cuboidal or highly prismatic secreting epithelia. High ADGRG1 mRNA, present in the thyroid, kidney, and placenta is related to elevated GPR56 in thyrocytes, kidney tubules, and the syncytiotrophoblast, respectively. GPR56 often appears in association with secreted proteins such as pepsinogen A in gastric chief cells and insulin in islet β-cells. In summary, GPR56 shows a broad, not cell-type restricted expression in humans.