Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Different Attachments Used for Implant-Retained Overdentures in Subjects with Resorbed Mandibles: A Crossover Trial.

PURPOSE The aim of this crossover study was to evaluate patient satisfaction and oral health related-quality of life (OHRQoL) with different connectors used for implant-retained overdentures in subjects with resorbed mandibles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen edentulous patients with atrophied mandibular bone received traditional maxillary and mandibular dentures (control). After 3 months, two implants were inserted in the canine regions. Three months later, each patient received the following overdentures using a crossover design: (1) bar overdentures, (2) telescopic overdentures, and (3) stud overdentures. Patient satisfaction (primary outcome) was measured by visual analog scale (VAS). OHRQoL (secondary outcome) was measured by oral health impact profile (OHIP-14). Questions of VAS and OHIP-14 were evaluated after 3 months of using conventional dentures, bar overdentures, telescopic overdentures, and stud overdentures. RESULTS For all questionnaires, conventional dentures recorded significantly lower satisfaction than implant overdentures. Stud overdentures showed significantly higher satisfaction with maxillary denture comfort, self-consciousness, and feeling that the prosthesis is a part of the patient compared with other attachments. Bar and telescopic overdentures showed higher satisfaction during biting of hard and soft foods, while telescopic and stud overdentures showed higher satisfaction with oral hygiene. No significant differences between attachments regarding other VAS and OHIP-14 questions were noted. CONCLUSION Implant overdentures for subjects with mandibular bone resorption improved patient satisfaction and OHRQoL compared with traditional dentures regardless of the form of attachments. However, studs are more advantageous in terms of comfort with maxillary overdentures, self-consciousness, and feeling that the prosthesis is a part of the patient. Bar and telescopic attachments had more satisfaction during biting of soft and hard foods, while telescopic and stud attachments had more satisfaction with oral hygiene.
Obstetric anesthesia in China: associated challenges and long-term goals

China has recently experienced extraordinary developMultiple factors contribute to the increasing risks ment in medical care and has achieved both Millennium associated with obstetric anesthesia, one of which is the Development Goals 4 and 5. According to the 2012 China Medical and Health Service White Paper, the pregnancyrelated mortality rate (pregnancy-related deaths per 100,000 live births; PRMR) in China dropped from 51.3 in 2002 to 26.1 in 2011. A subnational analysis of 2852 Chinese counties between 1996 and 2015 has demonstrated that PRMR has declined from 108.7 in 1996 to 21.8 in 2015, with an annualized rate of decline of 8.5% per year. According to the 2018 National Medical Service and Quality Safety Report, the PRMR in 2018 was 18.3 per 100,000 live births. In contrast, the PRMR in United States was 17.2 per 100,000 live births between 2011 and 2015.
Role of FGF and Hyaluronan in Choroidal Neovascularization in Sorsby Fundus Dystrophy

Sorsby’s fundus dystrophy (SFD) is an inherited blinding disorder caused by mutations in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) gene. The SFD pathology of macular degeneration with subretinal deposits and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) closely resembles that of the more common age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The objective of this study was to gain further insight into the molecular mechanism(s) by which mutant TIMP3 induces CNV. In this study we demonstrate that hyaluronan (HA), a large glycosaminoglycan, is elevated in the plasma and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid of patients with AMD. Mice carrying the S179C-TIMP3 mutation also showed increased plasma levels of HA as well as accumulation of HA around the RPE in the retina. Human RPE cells expressing the S179C-TIMP3 mutation accumulated HA apically, intracellularly and basally when cultured long-term compared with cells expressing wildtype TIMP3. We recently reported that RPE cells carrying the S179C-TIMP3 mutation have the propensity to induce angiogenesis via basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2). We now demonstrate that FGF-2 induces accumulation of HA in RPE cells. These results suggest that the TIMP3-MMP-FGF-2-HA axis may have an important role in the pathogenesis of CNV in SFD and possibly AMD.
[Effect of moxibustion on expression of RAGE and LRP-1 and neuronal ultrastructure of frontal cortex and hippocampus in vascular dementia rats].

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of moxibustion of acupoints of Governor Vessel on learning-memory ability and expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor related protein-1 (LRP-1), β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and neuronal ultrastructure of the frontal cortex and hippocampus in vascular dementia (VD) rats, so as to investigate its underlying mechanisms in relieving VD. METHODS A total of 24 male SD rats were randomized into normal, model, and moxibustion groups (n＝8 rats in each group). The VD model was established by occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries for 20 min and reperfusion for 10 min which was repeated for 3 times. Moxibustion was applied to "Baihui" (GV20), "Dazhui"(GV14) and "Fengfu"(GV16)for 30 min, once daily for 4 weeks. The learning-memory ability was evaluated by using Morris water maze tests. At the end of experiments, the frontal lobe of cerebral cortex and hippocampus tissues were collected for detecting the expression of RAGE and LRP-1 proteins with Western blot, and RAGE, LRP-1 and APP mRNAs with quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. The ultrastructure of neurons in the frontal cortex and hippocampal CA1 region was observed with transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Following modeling, Morris water maze tests showed that the average escape latency of the model group and moxibustion group was significantly prolonged on the 4th day of modeling (P<0.01). The expression levels of RAGE protein and mRNA and APP mRNA were significantly increased (P<0.01), while those of LRP-1 protein and mRNA in the cortex and hippocampus remarkably decreased in the model group relevant to the normal group (P<0.01). Following moxibustion, modeling-induced increase of expression of RAGE protein and mRNA and APP mRNA, and down-regulation of expression of LRP-1 protein and mRNA were reversed in the moxibustion group relevant to the model group (P<0.01). Results of electron microscopy showed dilation of the mitochondria with disappearance of the cristae, partial vacuolar degeneration or dissolved external membrane, and cytoplasmic edema with basic disappearance of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and glycogen particles in neurons of the frontal cortex and hippocampal CA1 region after modeling, which was relatively milder in the moxibustion group. CONCLUSION Moxibustion of acupoints of the Governor Vessel may reduce the content of APP in the frontal cortex and hippocampus by regulating the expression of RAGE and LRP-1 proteins and mRNA in VD rats.
Detecting Specular Reflections and Cast Shadows to Estimate Reflectance and Illumination of Dynamic Indoor Scenes

The goal of Mixed Reality (MR) is to achieve a seamless and realistic blending between real and virtual worlds. This requires the estimation of reflectance properties and lighting characteristics of the real scene. One of the main challenges within this task consists in recovering such properties using a single RGB-D camera. In this article, we introduce a novel framework to recover both the position and color of multiple light sources as well as the specular reflectance of real scene surfaces. This is achieved by detecting and incorporating information from both specular reflections and cast shadows. Our approach is capable of handling any textured surface and considers both static and dynamic light sources. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through a range of applications including visually-consistent mixed reality scenarios (e.g., correct real specularity removal, coherent shadows in terms of shape and intensity) and retexturing where the texture of the scene is altered whereas the incident lighting is preserved.
WMMDCA: Prediction of Drug Responses by Weight-Based Modular Mapping in Cancer Cell Lines

Due to the high consumption of cost and time for experimental verification in clinical trials, drug response prediction by computational models have become important challenges. The existing drug response data in diverse cell lines enable prediction of potential sensitive associations. Here, we propose a weight-based modular mapping method, named as WMMDCA, to predict drug-cell line associations. The method fully considers the effects of drugs’ chemical structural feature, and adds modular information into the network projection. Leave-one-out cross-validation was used to evaluate the predictive ability of WMMDCA, which showed the best performance among several state-of-the-art methods in not only the whole dataset but also the major tissue types of cell lines. Literature support of highly ranked potential associations was found manually, demonstrating the effectiveness of WMMDCA on drug response prediction.
Mesenchymal MACF1 Facilitates SMAD7 Nuclear Translocation to Drive Bone Formation

Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) is a large crosslinker that contributes to cell integrity and cell differentiation. Recent studies show that MACF1 is involved in multiple cellular functions such as neuron development and epidermal migration, and is the molecular basis for many degenerative diseases. MACF1 is highly abundant in bones, especially in mesenchymal stem cells; however, its regulatory role is still less understood in bone formation and degenerative bone diseases. In this study, we found MACF1 expression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of osteoporotic bone specimens was significantly lower. By conditional gene targeting to delete the mesenchymal Macf1 gene in mice, we observed in MSCs decreased osteogenic differentiation capability. During early stage bone development, the MACF1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice exhibit significant ossification retardation in skull and hindlimb, and by adulthood, mesenchymal loss of MACF1 attenuated bone mass, bone microarchitecture, and bone formation capability significantly. Further, we showed that MACF1 interacts directly with SMAD family member 7 (SMAD7) and facilitates SMAD7 nuclear translocation to initiate downstream osteogenic pathways. Hopefully these findings will expand the biological scope of the MACF1 gene, and provide an experimental basis for targeting MACF1 in degenerative bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
Developing Conductive Highly Ordered Zinc Oxide Nanorods by Acetylacetonate-Assisted Growth

Highly ordered vertically grown zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) were synthesized on ZnO-coated SiO2/Si substrate using zinc acetylacetonate hydrate as a precursor via a simple hydrothermal method at 85 °C. We used 0.05 M of ZnO solution to facilitate the growth of ZnO NRs and the immersion time was varied from 0.5 to 4 h. The atomic force microscopy revealed the surface roughness of ZnO seed layer used to grow the ZnO NRs. The morphology of vertically grown ZnO NRs was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction examination and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the structure of highly ordered ZnO NRs was crystalline with a strong (002) peak corresponded to ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure. The growth of highly ordered ZnO NRs was favorable due to the continuous supply of Zn2+ ions and chelating agents properties obtained from the acetylacetonate-derived precursor during the synthesis. Two-point probe current–voltage measurement and UV–vis spectroscopy of the ZnO NRs indicated a resistivity and optical bandgap value of 0.44 Ω. cm and 3.35 eV, respectively. The photoluminescence spectrum showed a broad peak centered at 623 nm in the visible region corresponded to the oxygen vacancies from the ZnO NRs. This study demonstrates that acetylacetonate-derived precursors can be used for the production of ZnO NRs-based devices with a potential application in biosensors.
Ex situ management as insurance against extinction of mammalian megafauna in an uncertain world

The persistence of endangered species may depend on the fate of a very small number of individual animals. In situ conservation alone may sometimes be insufficient. In these instances, the International Union for Conservation of Nature provides guidelines for ex situ conservation and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) indicates how ex situ management can support the CBD's objectives by providing insurance policies for species. The circumstances that justify its use are uncertain. To evaluate the current in situ extinction risk and ex situ management of 43 critically endangered species of mammalian megafauna, we used nonmetric multidimensional scaling and geopolitical variables related to governance, economics, and national policy within their extant ranges. We then fitted generalized additive models to assess the contribution of each variable to the ordination. Fifteen (almost one‐third) of the world's terrestrial mammalian megafauna are not the subject of any ex situ management. Seventy‐three percent of these taxa occur in areas characterized by political uncertainty, such as border zones or areas affected by armed conflicts, mainly in Africa and the Middle East. A further 23% of taxa in ex situ programs do not meet sustainability criteria for inbreeding avoidance. Strategic conservation planning, such as the One Plan approach, may improve ex situ management for these taxa. Given the escalating trend in threats afflicting megafauna, ex situ management should be considered more rigorously, particularly in politically unstable regions, to achieve CBD Target 12 (prevent extinction of threatened species).
Immediate versus early non-occlusal loading of dental implants placed flapless in partially edentulous patients: A 10-year randomized clinical trial.

AIM To compare immediate versus early non-occlusal loading of dental implants placed flapless in a 10-year, parallel group, randomized clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were randomized to receive implants for fixed partial dentures. The immediate group was represented by immediate non-occlusal implant loading, whereas the early group was represented by early non-occlusal implant loading. The outcome variables were implant failure, complications, subjective satisfaction and radiographic bone level at implant sites 10 years after loading. RESULTS Sixty patients were randomized: 30 to the immediately loaded group and 30 to the early loaded group. Three patients dropped out in the immediate group and three patients dropped out in the early group. One implant failure occurred in the early group (P=1.0). Three complications occurred in the immediate group and four in the early group (RR=0.75, 95%CI 0.19 to 3.04, P=1.0). The difference in bone level was 0.1 mm (95%CI -0.2 to 0.5, P=0.3752) favoring the early group. Difference in subjective functional satisfaction was 0.2 (95%CI -0.2 to 0.7; P=0.3271). Difference in subjective esthetic satisfaction was 0.0 (95%CI -0.4 to 0.4; P=0.9656). CONCLUSION At 10-year follow-up, no differences between implants loaded immediately and early were detected in this randomized clinical trial.
The Respiratory Metabolism of Polistes biglumis, a Paper Wasp from Mountainous Regions

European Polistine wasps inhabit mainly temperate and warm climate regions. However, the paper wasp Polistes biglumis represents an exception; it resides in mountainous areas, e.g., in the Alps and in the Apennines. In these habitats, the wasps are exposed to a broad temperature range during their lifetime. We investigated whether they developed adaptations in their metabolism to their special climate conditions by measuring their CO2 production. The standard or resting metabolic rate and the metabolism of active wasps was measured in the temperature range which they are exposed to in their habitat in summer. The standard metabolic rate increased in a typical exponential progression with ambient temperature, like in other wasps. The active metabolism also increased with temperature, but not in a simple exponential course. Some exceptionally high values were presumed to originate from endothermy. The simultaneous measurement of body temperature and metabolic rate revealed a strong correlation between these two parameters. The comparison of the standard metabolic rate of Polistes biglumis with that of Polistes dominula revealed a significantly lower metabolism of the alpine wasps. This energy saving metabolic strategy could be an adaptation to the harsh climate conditions, which restricts foraging flights and energy recruitment.
Convergent losses of TLR5 suggest altered extracellular flagellin detection in four mammalian lineages

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role for the innate immune system by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns. TLR5 encodes the major extracellular receptor for bacterial flagellin and frequently evolves under positive selection, consistent with coevolutionary arms races between the host and pathogens. Furthermore, TLR5 is inactivated in several vertebrates and a TLR5 stop codon polymorphism is widespread in human populations. Here, we analyzed the genomes of 120 mammals and discovered that TLR5 is convergently lost in four independent lineages, comprising guinea pigs, Yangtze river dolphin, pinnipeds, and pangolins. Validated inactivating mutations, absence of protein-coding transcript expression, and relaxed selection on the TLR5 remnants confirm these losses. PCR analysis further confirmed the loss of TLR5 in the pinniped stem lineage. Finally, we show that TLR11, encoding a second extracellular flagellin receptor, is also absent in these four lineages. Independent losses of TLR5 and TLR11 suggests that a major pathway for detecting flagellated bacteria is not essential for different mammals and predicts an impaired capacity to sense extracellular flagellin
Induction of IκBζ Augments Cytokine and Chemokine Production by IL-33 in Mast Cells

Key Points IL-33 promoted the rapid and robust induction of IκBζ in mast cells. IκBζ enhanced cytokine production to assist NF-κB in IL-33/ST2L signaling. IκBζ (encoded by the Nfkbiz) is a member of the nuclear IκB family, which is involved in the expression of secondary response genes based on signals from TLR or IL-1R. ST2L, an IL-33R, is a member of the IL-1R family and abundantly expressed in tissue-resident immune cells, such as mast cells and innate lymphoid cells; however, its downstream signaling pathway remains unelucidated. In this study, we examined the role of IκBζ in ST2L-mediated cytokine and chemokine production in mast cells. Murine bone marrow cells were differentiated ex vivo into bone marrow–derived mast cells (BMMCs). The treatment of BMMCs with IL-33 transiently induced robust IκBζ expression. Of the 40 cytokines and chemokines examined using a cytokine and chemokine array, the concentrations of IL-6, IL-13, CCL2, CCL3, and TNF-α in the supernatant were augmented by IL-33. The deletion of IκBζ in BMMCs resulted in a significant reduction of the production of these mediators and the expression of their mRNA. NF-κB p50 but not p65 translocated to the nucleus by IL-33 and was not affected by the deletion of IκBζ. However, induction of IκBζ and the resultant cytokine and chemokine productions were significantly inhibited by pretreatment with an NF-κB inhibitor. The deletion of IκBζ did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK, or JNK by IL-33, and the treatment with inhibitors of these mitogen-activated kinases failed to abolish the expression of Nfkbiz. Our findings suggest that IκBζ augments IL-33–dependent cytokine and chemokine production in BMMCs through the action of NF-κB.
Reliability of Interproximal Bone Height Measurements in Bone- and Tissue-Level Implants: A Methodological Study for Improved Calibration Purposes.

PURPOSE To evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver agreement between prosthodontists when measuring interproximal peri-implant bone levels from digital periapical radiographs and to introduce a radiographic quality index for periapical imaging assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Periapical radiographs of 122 single implants in the anterior and posterior regions with two categories of imaging quality (ie, optimal and suboptimal) were assessed. Six prosthodontists were asked to linearly measure the distance from the first bone-to-implant contact to the implant platform/shoulder (DIB) using an image processing program (ImageJ 1.48u4, NIH). The procedure was repeated after 3 to 4 weeks. Interobserver and intraobserver agreements were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient and kappa. A radiographic quality index developed for periapical imaging assessment has been introduced in this study. Each implant was classified into two categories according to the implant type and the quality of the radiographic image. RESULTS There were significant interobserver differences (P < .001). Most of the discrepancies between repeated measures were below 0.5 mm (range: 0.37 [SD ± 0.76] to 0.55 [SD ± 0.68]). The interobserver and intraobserver agreements on the bone-level values were "fair to moderate" regardless of the implant type and radiographic quality. With optimal image quality in tissue-level images, "substantial agreement" could be achieved. There was no significant effect of the implant level type (P = .973). CONCLUSION Image quality, as well as the interpreter, influenced the measurements' reproducibility by prosthodontists. Bone height assessments at bone-level implants seem to be slightly more variable compared with tissue-level assessments; however, there were no significant differences. Specific guidelines on how to estimate DIB for calibration purposes in the case of suboptimal radiographic image quality and how to obtain optimal images need to be developed. The radiographic quality index for periapical imaging assessment is expected to be adopted in future studies.
Conceptual Model of Visual Analytics for Hands-on Cybersecurity Training

Hands-on training is an effective way to practice theoretical cybersecurity concepts and increase participants’ skills. In this article, we discuss the application of visual analytics principles to the design, execution, and evaluation of training sessions. We propose a conceptual model employing visual analytics that supports the sensemaking activities of users involved in various phases of the training life cycle. The model emerged from our long-term experience in designing and organizing diverse hands-on cybersecurity training sessions. It provides a classification of visualizations and can be used as a framework for developing novel visualization tools supporting phases of the training life-cycle. We demonstrate the model application on examples covering two types of cybersecurity training programs.