Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sociological Structures and Accounting Misbehavior: An Institutional Anomie Theory Explanation of Restatements in Family Firms

This article studies the underinvestigated but fascinating issue of the sociological determinants of accounting misbehavior while focusing on an allegedly illicit accounting practice (i.e., restatement) in family- vs. nonfamily-controlled corporations. Under the framework of institutional anomie theory, we examined whether sociological structures (i.e., legal forces and cultural values) influence accounting errors inducing restatements. By applying a multivariate regression analysis to a sample of restating firms listed in 23 countries during the 2006 to 2014 period, we found that legal forces and cultural values significantly moderate the severity of accounting errors. The results of this study suggest that investors, managers, and policymakers should more fully consider the sociological structures of societies when debating the feasibility of corporate misbehaviors, as combining firm-level and country-level analyses could help to predict a firm’s accounting misbehaviors, such as more severe accounting errors.
What the Body Reveals about Lay Knowledge of Psychological Flexibility

The embodied knowledge of psychological flexibility processes was tested by examining the ability of raters to score whole body pictures based on the degree to which they were open, aware, and engaged. Participants’ best and worst physical posture was photographed when asked to think of a difficult psychological matter. Naïve and untrained raters (n = 16) showed excellent reliability while rating the postures of 82 persons from the general population in Reno and Chicago in the USA and recent Iranian immigrants in the Maryland/DC area. Participants showed embodied knowledge of psychological flexibility concepts across all three locations (though significantly less among those recently from Iran). Thus, experience alone appears to teach people that psychological flexibility is helpful, even if they are unable to express this knowledge in words. Implications for psychotherapeutic work is considered.
Text-tune accommodation processes in the intonation of European Portuguese yes-no questions: an OT analysis

A key notion in intonational research is the independence of sentence intonation (tune) and its segmental configuration (text). Yet, there is one aspect of intonation that fewer studies are concerned with: the text-tune interface (TTI). The goal of this paper is rendering accommodation processes at the TTI more explicit by formalizing them within the framework of Optimality Theory (OT) as well as the autosegmental-metrical (AM) model of intonation. The combination of OT and AM is suitable because OT takes conflict resolution as its central notion, and AM successfully bridges the gap between the continuous nature of the distribution of fundamental frequency and OT’s deterministic violation mark assignment. We base our analysis on reported acoustic data of information-seeking yes/no questions in different varieties of European Portuguese (EP), where three text-tune accommodation (TTA) strategies can be observed: tonal truncation, vowel epenthesis, and blocking of final vowel deletion. We put forward a set of intonational as well as segmental faithfulness and markedness constraints which capture TTA strategy selection in EP and, furthermore, prove to be useful in typology, laying the groundwork for further research on TTA processes in a consistent and comparable way.
Impact of the Hydrolysis and Methanolysis of Bidesmosidic Chenopodium quinoa Saponins on Their Hemolytic Activity

Saponins are specific metabolites abundantly present in plants and several marine animals. Their high cytotoxicity is associated with their membranolytic properties, i.e., their propensity to disrupt cell membranes upon incorporation. As such, saponins are highly attractive for numerous applications, provided the relation between their molecular structures and their biological activities is understood at the molecular level. In the present investigation, we focused on the bidesmosidic saponins extracted from the quinoa husk, whose saccharidic chains are appended on the aglycone via two different linkages, a glycosidic bond, and an ester function. The later position is sensitive to chemical modifications, such as hydrolysis and methanolysis. We prepared and characterized three sets of saponins using mass spectrometry: (i) bidesmosidic saponins directly extracted from the ground husk, (ii) monodesmosidic saponins with a carboxylic acid group, and (iii) monodesmosidic saponins with a methyl ester function. The impact of the structural modifications on the membranolytic activity of the saponins was assayed based on the determination of their hemolytic activity. The natural bidesmosidic saponins do not present any hemolytic activity even at the highest tested concentration (500 µg·mL−1). Hydrolyzed saponins already degrade erythrocytes at 20 µg·mL−1, whereas 100 µg·mL−1 of transesterified saponins is needed to induce detectable activity. The observation that monodesmosidic saponins, hydrolyzed or transesterified, are much more active against erythrocytes than the bidesmosidic ones confirms that bidesmosidic saponins are likely to be the dormant form of saponins in plants. Additionally, the observation that negatively charged saponins, i.e., the hydrolyzed ones, are more hemolytic than the neutral ones could be related to the red blood cell membrane structure.
A Soil-Isolated Streptomyces spororaveus Species Produces a High-Molecular-Weight Antibiotic AF1 against Fungi and Gram-Positive Bacteria

The overuse of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic resistance, not only in bacteria but also in fungi. Streptomyces are known to produce numerous secondary metabolites including clinically useful antibiotics. In this study, we screened for antibiotic-producing actinobacteria from soils in Taipei and discovered a Streptomyces strain SC26 that displayed antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, but the compounds are heat-labile. Upon UV mutagenesis, a late-sporulation mutant SC263 was isolated with the same antibiotic spectrum but increased in thermostability. The nature of the antibiotic is not clear, but its activity was resistant to proteolytic, nucleolytic and pancreatic digestions, and was retained by the 100 kDa membrane during filtration. To gather more information on SC263, the genome was sequenced, which produced three contigs with a total of 8.2 Mb and was assigned to the species of Streptomyces spororaveus based on the average nucleotide identity to the reference species S. spororaveus NBRC 15456.
Analisis Geometri Pemodelan 3D Bangunan Gedung Teknik Geomatika ITS Menggunakan Kamera 360º

Abstrak—Pemodelan tiga dimensi saat ini telah digunakan dalam visualisasi untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan yang nyata terutama dalam bentuk pengenalan bangunan arsitektural. Pembentukan model tiga dimensi bisa menggunakan Kamera 360o. Metode yang digunakan pada pembentukan model tiga dimensi dengan foto 360o adalah metode fotogrametri terestrial, dimana metode ini dapat digunakan pada bangunan arsitektural yang memerlukan koordinat lokal dalam pembentukannya. Kondisi Coplanarity digunakan dalam proses pembentukan model tiga dimensi, dimana satu foto digunakan sebagai acuan dalam proses overlapping antar foto sehingga membentuk model tiga dimensi. Kamera yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Kamera 360o Ricoh Theta SC2, dimana ukuran gambar yang dihasilkan sebesar 5376 × 2688 dengan sensor CMOS. Model yang dihasilkan dari foto 360o berupa data TIN yang tersusun dari jaring-jaring segitiga sehingga data ini saling terhubung dan membentuk model tiga dimensi dengan metode Polyhedral. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan model tiga dimensi 10 ruangan pada Gedung Baru Departemen Teknik Geomatika ITS. Terdapat dua nilai RMSE yang diujikan berupa RMSE keliling model dan RMSE tinggi model, dimana nilai RMSE keliling model didapatkan nilai berkisar pada 0,013 – 0,181 meter dan untuk nilai RMSE tinggi model didapatkan nilai berkisar pada 0,004 – 0,113 meter. Uji akurasi ketinggian model dilakukan menggunakan data validasi berupa data pengukuran langsung dilapangan dengan menggunakan alat Total Station Reflectorless Hi Target ZTS-320R yang telah dilakukan kalibrasi, hal ini dikarenakan data ketinggian di dalam ruangan tidak disajikan pada data As-Built. Melalui uji akurasi dihasilkan model dari foto 360o memiliki ketelitian LOD 4.
Effect of Spray Parameters on Electrical Characteristics of Printed Layer by Morphological Study

Products are manufactured as printed electronics through electro-conductive ink having properties suitable for flexible substrates. As printing process conditions affect the quality of the electronic properties of the final devices, it is essential to understand how the parameters of each process affect print quality. Spray printing, one of several printing processes, suits flexible large-area substrates and continuous processes with a uniform layer for electro-conductive aqueous ink. This study adopted the spray printing process for cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite conductive printing. Five spray parameters (nozzle diameter, spray speed, amount of sprayed ink, distance of nozzle to substrate, and nozzle pressure) were chosen to investigate the effects between process parameters and electrical properties relating to the morphology of the printing products. This study observed the controlling morphology through parameter adjustment and confirmed how it affects the final electrical conductivity. It means that the quality of the electronic properties can be modified by adjusting several spray process parameters.
Grit and Life Satisfaction Among College Students During the Recurrent Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: The Mediating Role of Depression and the Moderating Role of Stressful Life Events

The global recurrent outbreak of COVID-19 has brought immense psychological distress to those affected. We conducted this study to explore the relationship among grit, stressful life events, depression, and life satisfaction in college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. According to the properties of the bias-corrected bootstrap method, we surveyed 888 college students, with an average age of 20.84 (SD = 1.57) years. Participants completed questionnaires regarding grit, depression, stressful life events, and life satisfaction. The results showed that 1) grit was correlated with life satisfaction (r = 0.426, p < 0.001); 2) depression mediated the relationship between grit and life satisfaction [indirect effect = 0.0292, SE = 0.009, 95% CIboot = (0.135, 0.500)]; 3) The relationship between grit and depression was moderated by stressful life events (β = 0.107, SE = 0.028, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.053, 0.161]). The association between grit and depression became weaker for college students with high stressful life events. The results indicated that concerned about depression and stressful life events may be the main targets for improving life satisfaction among college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19.
Asymmetry in L1 and L2 listeners’ use of prosody for PP-attachment disambiguation

The role of prosody in sentence processing has received little attention in L2 spoken-language comprehension research, and studies of prosodic disambiguation of PP-attachment ambiguity by L2 learners are rare. We investigated the effects of prosody (accompanied by visual context from the pictures) on PP-attachment ambiguity resolution by native Australian English speakers and Chinese-speaking learners of English, comparing their attachment preferences to examine L1-L2 sentence processing differences. Our results show that prosody can guide both native speakers and L2 learners towards the resolution of sentence-level ambiguity. However, the observed effects varied. For native speakers, prosody overrode bias for the NP-attachment induced by the visual context; L2 learners in contrast showed a preference for the VP-attachment independent of prosodic cues, indicating that they did not detect the ambiguity within the structure from the visual context and that it is difficult for them to effectively integrate different domains of information in ambiguity resolution. These L1-L2 differences might reflect L2 learners’ limited processing capacity for detecting ambiguity and integrating multiple domains of information during L2 sentence processing.
Mobile Bearing versus Fixed Bearing for Unicompartmental Arthroplasty in Monocompartmental Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Whether mobile-bearing (MB) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) performs better than fixed-bearing (FB) implants in patients with monocompartmental osteoarthritis (OA) still remains unclear. Therefore, a meta-analysis comparing MB versus FB for UKA was conducted to investigate the possible advantages of MB versus FB in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), range of motion (ROM), and complications. We hypothesised that the MB design performs better than FB. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. In December 2021, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Embase were accessed, with no time constraints. All the clinical investigations comparing MB versus FB bearing for UKA were accessed. Only studies published in peer-reviewed journals were considered. Studies reporting data on revision settings were excluded, as were those combining unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasty. Results: Data from 25 studies (4696 patients) were collected; 58% (2724 of 4696 patients) were women. The mean length of follow-up was 45.8 ± 43.2. The mean age of the patients was 65.0 ± 5.6 years. No difference was found in range of motion (p = 0.05), Knee Scoring System (p = 0.9), function subscale (p = 0.2), and Oxford Knee Score (p = 0.4). No difference was found in the rate of revision (p = 0.2), aseptic loosening (p = 0.9), deep infections (p = 0.99), fractures (p = 0.6), and further extension of OA to the contralateral joint compartment (p = 0.2). Conclusion: The present meta-analysis failed to identify the possible superiority of the MB implants over the FB for UKA in patients with monocompartmental knee osteoarthritis. Long observational investigations are required to evaluate possible long-term complications and implant survivorship. These results should be interpreted within the limitations of the present study.
Do Red Seaweed Nanoparticles Enhance Bioremediation Capacity of Toxic Dyes from Aqueous Solution?

Based on their functional groups, the use of various seaweed forms in phytoremediation has recently gained significant eco-friendly importance. The objective of this study was to determine whether a novel, sustainable, and ecologically acceptable adsorbent could be employed to remove toxic textile dye (Ismate Violet 2R (IV2R)) from an aqueous solution. The low-cost adsorbent was prepared from the nanoparticles form of the native red seaweed species, Pterocladia capillacea. Before and after the adsorption procedure, comprehensive characterization experiments on the bio-adsorbent were carried out, including BET, SEM, FTIR, UV, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) examination. The adsorption performance of the prepared nano-Pterocladia capillacea was optimized by adjusting operating parameters such as the initial dye concentration of 60 mg L−1, pH of 2, and contact time of 15 min, all of which were obtained by batch experiments in the lab. At the optimum conditions, the prepared adsorbent had maximum removal effectiveness of 87.2%. Most typical kinetics and isotherm models were used to test the experimental results. The equilibrium data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm model, with comparatively higher R2 values and fewer standard errors, while the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fits better with a decent correlation coefficient. Thermodynamic parameters revealed that the sorption process on nano-alga was exothermic and spontaneous.
Numerical investigation of flexible flapping wings using computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics method

A fluid–structure interaction numerical simulation was performed to investigate the flow field around a flexible flapping wing using an in-house developed computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics solver. The three-dimensional (3D) fluid–structure interaction of the flapping locomotion was predicted by loosely coupling preconditioned Navier–Stokes solutions and non-linear co-rotational structural solutions. The computational structural dynamic solver was specifically developed for highly flexible flapping wings by considering large geometric non-linear characteristics. The high fidelity of the developed methodology was validated by benchmark tests. Then, an analysis of flexible flapping wings was carried out with a specific focus on the unsteady aerodynamic mechanisms and effects of flexion on flexible flapping wings. Results demonstrate that the flexion will introduce different flow fields, and thus vary thrust generation and pressure distribution significantly. In the meanwhile, relationship between flapping frequency and flexion plays an important role on efficiency. Therefore, appropriate combination of frequency and flexion of flexible flapping wings provides higher efficiency. This study may give instruction for further design of flexible flapping wings.
Skördeprognos med hjälp av YARA N-sensor

Syftet med projektet var att utreda mojligheten att i hostvete anvanda Yara N-sensorn for prognos av skordens storlek infor kompletteringsgodsling med kvave. Undersokningen bestar av tva delar: 1) en genomgang av internationell vetenskaplig litteratur inom omradet och 2) sammanstallning av data fran 39 hostveteforsok (2012-2014) samt utvardering av prognosmodeller for karnskord som baseras pa SN-vardet fran handburen Yara N-sensor i olika utvecklingsstadier (DC39-63). Forsoksvis validering av modellerna de enskilda aren visade att skorden 2012 och 2013 predikterades bast vid det senaste mattillfallet, vilket var DC45-55 2012 och DC56-63 2013. Medelavvikelsen (RMSECV) for den validerade modellens skordeuppskattning jamfort med uppmatt skord var da som lagst, 11 dt/ha. 2014 predikterades skorden bast vid DC37-42, da medelavvikelsen for valideringen var 11 dt/ha (tabell 1), men aven vid DC56-63 var medelavvikelsen lag, 12 dt/ha. Vid arsvis validering, d v s prediktion av skord for ett ar i taget utifran en modell baserad pa de andra tva aren var medelavvikelsen fran uppmatt skord som lagst 18 dt/ha (RMSECV) vid DC37-42. Resultaten visar pa goda mojligheter att prediktera skorden vid DC37-39 da kompletteringsgodsling vanligen rekommenderas, aven om godsling ocksa i senare stadier kan ge skordeokningar vissa ar. Ytterligare data fran fler ar och platser behovs for att kunna bygga en stabilare skordeprognosmodell som kan anvandas for att prediktera skorden ett kommande ar, med sa lag medelavvikelse som mojligt fran den verkliga skorden. Det ar viktigt att fortsatta gora N-sensormatningar i forsok pa flera platser i landet och fortsatta bygga upp databasen. Vi rekommenderar att man aven gar vidare och provar prova hur langt man kan komma med N-sensorns vaglangdsband i multivariata modeller. Att kombinera grodmodeller med sensormatningar ar en mer sofistikerad strategi. Det skulle kunna fungera bra men ett mer omfattande utvecklingsarbete kravs. Den enklaste strategin att borja med ar formodligen att ta fram relativa skordekartor inom falt baserat pa tidigare ars skordekartor, manuellt satta skordenivan i de olika delarna utifran erfarenhet, och lagga in dessa som bakgrunds information i N-sensorns styrning.
Can Prosody Transfer Embeddings be Used for Prosody Assessment?

In voice conversion, it is possible to transfer some characteristic components of a (target) speech utterance, such as the content, pitch, or speaker identity, from the corresponding component from another (source) utterance. This has recently been achieved by characterizing these components through neural-based vector embeddings which encode the specific information to be transferred. In the particular case of neural prosody embeddings, to the best of our knowledge, no work has explored the informativeness of these embeddings for other purposes, such as prosody assessment or comparison of prosodic patterns. In this work, we use an intonation data set and a voice conversion corpus to explore how these neural prosody embeddings group for utterances of different intonation, content, and speaker identity. We compare these neural prosody embeddings to hand-crafted acoustic-prosodic features and to content embeddings. We found that neural prosody embeddings can achieve a geometrical separability index as high as 0.956 for highly contrastive intonations, and 0.706 for different sentence types.
Genomic Survey and Resources for the Boring Giant Clam Tridacna crocea

The boring giant clam Tridacna crocea is an evolutionary, ecologically, economically, and culturally important reef-dwelling bivalve targeted by a profitable ornamental fishery in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. In this study, we developed genomic resources for T. crocea. Using low-pass (=low-coverage, ~6×) short read sequencing, this study, for the first time, estimated the genome size, unique genome content, and nuclear repetitive elements, including the 45S rRNA DNA operon, in T. crocea. Furthermore, we tested if the mitochondrial genome can be assembled from RNA sequencing data. The haploid genome size estimated using a k-mer strategy was 1.31–1.39 Gbp, which is well within the range reported before for other members of the family Cardiidae. Unique genome content estimates using different k-mers indicated that nearly a third and probably at least 50% of the genome of T. crocea was composed of repetitive elements. A large portion of repetitive sequences could not be assigned to known repeat element families. Taking into consideration only annotated repetitive elements, the most common were classified as Satellite DNA which were more common than Class I-LINE and Class I-LTR Ty3-gypsy retrotransposon elements. The nuclear ribosomal operon in T. crocea was partially assembled into two contigs, one encoding the complete ssrDNA and 5.8S rDNA unit and a second comprising a partial lsrDNA. A nearly complete mitochondrial genome (92%) was assembled from RNA-seq. These newly developed genomic resources are highly relevant for improving our understanding of the biology of T. crocea and for the development of conservation plans and the fisheries management of this iconic reef-dwelling invertebrate.
Multi Evaluation of a Modified GoldNano Carb Test for Carbapenemase Detection in Clinical Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacilli

Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria have been increasingly reported. Simple and sensitive methods for carbapenemase detection are still needed. In this study, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) solution was modified by the addition of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) for improving the conventional GoldNano Carb (cGoldC) test, and the modified GoldC (mGoldC) test was then evaluated for phenotypic detection of carbapenemase production in Gram-negative bacilli clinical isolates. ZnSO4 was added to give final concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mM. The performance of the mGoldC test was evaluated in Enterobacterales, Acinetobacter spp. , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from six hospitals in different regions using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a gold standard. The AuNP solution with 0.25 mM ZnSO4 was used for the mGoldC test. Evaluation of the mGoldC test in 495 Enterobacterales, 212 Acinetobacter spp. , and 125 P. aeruginosa isolates (including 444 carbapenemase producers and 388 non-carbapenemase producers) revealed sensitivity, specificity, a positive likelihood ratio, and a negative likelihood ratio of 98.6%, 98.2%, 54.7, and 0.01, respectively. This test is fast, easy to perform, cost-effective (~0.25 USD per test), and highly sensitive and specific for routine carbapenemase detection, thus leading to effective antimicrobial therapy and infection control measures.