Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bio-economic modelling to support genetic improvement of Dairy cattle in Kenya

A deterministic bio-economic model that incorporates risk for pasture-based dairy cattle production in the tropics was developed. Two production circumstances were considered: fixed pasture (FP) and fixed herd size (FH). In each circumstance, efficiencies (both economic and biological) and profit were calculated based on milk marketing on volume, and on volume and butter fat content. Additionally, a profit function was used to estimate risk-rated profit(s) where the intensity of the farme using the Arrow-Pratt coefficient (λ). Arrow-Pratt coefficients of 0.0001 and 0.02 were assumed. Feeding cost was the highest followed by marketing, labour, health and reproduction costs, respectively. Under FH, the economic efficiency when milk marketing was based on volume was 3.825 and 4.378 when based on volume and butter fat content. The corresponding economic efficiencies were 3.736 and 4.277 under FP. The biological efficiencies were 0.143 and 0.148 for milk production, and 0.002 and 0.001 for live weight production under FH and FP, respectively. The profits derived when incorporating and when not incorporating risks were different. They also differed when (λ)was 0.02 and 0.0001. The changes in profit after incorporating risk indicate that farmers who were risk averse should be ready to accept lower returns to avoid the unexpected outcomes. This has a direct application in the dairy production systems in the tropics. Dairy cattle production is viable in the tropics for both largeand small-scale farmers. Future production circumstances still need to be considered in the estimation of economic and biological values for the traits of economic importance. Economic and biological values for milk yield (MY), milk butter fat (FY), daily gain (DG), weaning weight (WWT), mature live weight (MLW), calving interval (CI), pre-weaning survival rate (PreSR), post-weaning survival rate (PostSR), age at first calving (AFC) and productive life time (PLT) were estimated under FH and FP production circumstances assuming milk marketing based on volume, and volume and butter fat. The economic values for the traits ranged from -17.246 to 100.536, while the biological values ranged between -1.29 to 0.791. Economic values with higher Arrow-Pratt coefficient of absolute risk aversion (λ=0.02) were,indicating lower that the uncertainty of the future market is important and should be considered during the estimation of economic values. Genetic improvements targeting MY and growth traits would be recommended to production systems with unlimited feed supply for profit maximization. However, since dairy production systems in the tropics are characterised by feed scarcity,fixing the herd size and concentrating on genetically improved animals would result in more profitability than increasing animal populations.
A Wireless Triboelectric Nanogenerator

A new “wireless” paradigm for harvesting mechanical energy via a 3D‐printed wireless triboelectric nanogenerator (W‐TENG) comprised of an ecofriendly graphene polylactic acid (gPLA) nanocomposite and Teflon is demonstrated. The W‐TENG generates very high output voltages >2 kV with a strong electric field that enables the wireless transmission of harvested energy over a distance of 3 m. The W‐TENG exhibited an instantaneous peak power up to 70 mW that could be wirelessly transmitted for storage into a capacitor obviating the need for hard‐wiring or additional circuitry. Furthermore, the use of W‐TENG for wireless and secure actuation of smart‐home applications such as smart tint windows, temperature sensors, liquid crystal displays, and security alarms either with a single or a specific user‐defined passcode of mechanical pulses (e.g., Fibonacci sequence) is demonstrated. The scalable additive manufacturing approach for gPLA‐based W‐TENGs, along with their high electrical output and unprecedented wireless applications, is poised for revolutionizing the present mechanical energy harvesting technologies.
Application of Trigonometric Spline Wavelets in ECG Detection

This paper presents a new kind of trigonometric spline wavelet on the interval on the basis of trigonometric spline function. The proposed method has more advantages than any other traditional methods, such as symmetry and anti-symmetry-linear phases or generalized linear phases, good time-frequency locality, short support, semi-orthogonal. In the numerical experiment, the trigonometric spline wavelet is applied to Electrocardiogram (ECG) detection. It shows stronger capability of getting more concentrated information in singular position than other wavelets. Therefore, the accuracy of detection is improved greatly.
Enhancing Student Engagement Using GitHub as an Educational Tool

Student engagement is an important factor when it comes to the learning process. Students who do not feel engaged in their studies are more likely to fail their exams and might even drop out of their education. Different methods have been tried in order to increase student engagement. One of them is the contributing student pedagogy, where students contribute to the learning of others and also value the contributions of others. To facilitate this pedagogy different learning management systems can be used. One of these tools is GitHub, which is a social and collaborative environment, traditionally used for software development. This study further investigates the possibilities of using GitHub in education in terms of a literature and case study. Results show that using GitHub in education can lead to increased student engagement, if used in a proper manner. In conclusion, GitHub is a prominent tool with lots of potential to be used in and for educational purposes. (Less)
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Hierarchical Phrase-Based MT at the Charles University for the WMT 2011 Shared Task

We describe our experiments with hierarchical phrase-based machine translation for the WMT 2011 Shared Task. We trained a system for all 8 translation directions between English on one side and Czech, German, Spanish or French on the other side, though we focused slightly more on the English-to-Czech direction. We provide a detailed description of our configuration and data so the results are replicable.
An ultra scale-down tool for the predictive design of a filtration procedure for preparation of human cell therapies

With the potential to provide a cure as oppose to a treatment, human cell therapies offer an exciting alternative to biopharmaceuticals. However the challenges associated with whole cell bioprocessing are one of the main issues hindering human cell therapies from becoming commonplace in modern medicine. An ultra scale-down approach to dead end filtration for the recovery of adherent cells for therapy is presented. Initial viable cell yields were low and a number of methods were used in an attempt to improve recovery, with little success. It was possible to recover approximately 85% of the cells but only when the number of cells loaded was low ( 1x106 cells, the recoveries were significantly lower. A model is proposed which describes two distinct cell populations; surface cells (TSURF) which reside on the surface of the filter after loading and are almost entirely recovered and filtered cells (TFILT) which enter the filter and are extremely difficult to recover. Results showed that on average 35% ± 11% of filtered cells (TFILT) are recovered regardless of the number of cells loaded. Scanning electron microscopy was used to image the cells residing within the filter. The images showed the cells wrapping around and entangling themselves within the fibres of the filter demonstrating why they are difficult to recover. Finally a method is presented which uses a layer of glass beads on the surface of the filter to prevent the cells coming into contact with filter. By stopping the cells becoming trapped within the filter there was a significant increase in the viable cell recoveries. Using this method it was possible to recover on average 84% ± 6%.
Preface: A Preliminary

Committed action is a key component of the psychological flexibility model that recently has been applied in chronic pain settings. Developed within the Western context, the 8-item Committed Action Questionnaire (CAQ-8) demonstrated good psychometric properties. This study aimed to translate the original English version of the CAQ-8 into Chinese (ChCAQ-8) and to assess its reliability, factor structure and concurrent criterion validity. A total of 210 Chinese patients with chronic pain completed the ChCAQ-8, the Chronic Pain Grade (CPG), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) AIS Electronic Library (AISeL)

Technological development and the ongoing miniaturization of computer components emerged wearable computers as an innovative and promising technology. Recent studies emphasized that especially the unique characteristics of smartwatches as permanent availability, unobtrusiveness, and hands-free operation can facilitate workflows and support employees in the corporate context. In this paper, we focus on a security service scenario including the collaboration of mobile and stationary employees, security patrols at facilities distributed over a city and lone-working-protection issuing emergency alarms in the case of accidents, attacks or dangerous situations. In the context of a design science research approach, we design and implement a prototypical smartwatch-based software artifact to address the scenario inherent problems and a broad range of security-related use cases. This illustrates that service systems can in particular benefit from the sensors of smartwatches at an employees’ wrist increasing the co-value creation beyond, e.g., recently used smartphone-based systems.
Multiobjective capacity planning of photovoltaics in smart electrical energy networks: improved normal boundary intersection method

Incentive-based regulations, toward higher performance networks, are the main driver for minimising losses in distribution systems. On the other hand, more renewable generation is needed to achieve environmental targets. Hence, a multiobjective model is introduced in this study seeking to minimise energy losses as well as maximise renewable generation in radial distribution systems (RDSs). Two alternative control strategies of future smart grids such as reactive power management using adaptive power factor control and coordinated voltage control are considered in the optimisation problem. The problem is subjected to the various technical constraints such as voltage limits, thermal limits and reactive capability limits of photovoltaic (PV) penetration, power factor regulations and underload tap changer adjustment. Also, the uncertainties of load and renewable generation are considered, too. Then, the obtained non-linear programming problem is relaxed and reformulated as a well-suited and computationally efficient second-order cone programming problems. To obtain more efficient and evenly distributed Pareto set to help decision-making process, a modified normal boundary intersection method is introduced for solution methodology. The implementation of the proposed framework on IEEE 33-bus RDSs shows the gains that the flexibility provided by innovative control strategies can have on energy loss reduction and PV capacity.
P REDICTION M ETRICS FOR C HEMICAL D ETECTION IN L ONG -W AVE I NFRARED H YPERSPECTRAL I MAGERY

and mechanical of scientiﬁ c engineering domains materials science, molecular biology, non-destructive evaluation remote sensing. instrument modeling the role of statistics scientiﬁ method. ABSTRACT Natural and man-made chemical processes generate gaseous plumes that may be detected by hyperspectral imaging, which produces a matrix of spectra affected by the chemical constituents of the plume, the atmosphere, the bounding background surface and instrument noise. A physics-based model of observed radiance shows that high chemical absorbance and low background emissivity result in a larger chemical signature. Using simulated hyperspectral imagery, this study investigated two metrics which exploited this relationship. The objective was to explore how well the chosen metrics predicted when a chemical would be more easily detected when comparing one background type to another. The two predictor metrics correctly rank ordered the backgrounds for about 94% of the chemicals tested as compared to the background rank orders from Whitened Matched Filtering (a detection algorithm) of the simulated spectra. These results suggest that the metrics provide a reasonable summary of how the background emissivity and chemical absorbance interact to produce the at-sensor chemical signal. This study suggests that similarly effective predictors that account for more general physical conditions may be derived.
Micro-structure and morphology characterization of nZVI treated clay with Pb contamination

: 3 The increasing use of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for soil and groundwater 4 remediation is raising some concerns regarding the potential effect of the soil properties. 5 Numerous laboratory and field studies reveal that an excellent immobilized efficiency 6 of contaminants and enhancement of the contaminated soil by nZVI. Few researches 7 focused on the effect of the nZVI on the micro-structure and morphology of the soil. 8 The overall objective of this study is to explore the particle morphology and micro- 9 structure variation of nZVI treated soil. This study presents a series of microscales 10 experiments on nZVI treated samples, including field emission scanning electron 11 microscopy (FESEM), particle size analysis, mercury injection porosimetry (MIP), 12 optical microscopic analysis and particle shape tests. The dosages of nZVI were used 13 at 0%, 0.2%, 1%, 5% and 10% of the contaminated soil. The morphology tests suggest 14 that the addition of nZVI resulted in the presence of larger particle size, on-particle 15 chained structure, aggregation and network of flocculent structure. The aggregated and 16 bonded soil particles could be one of the mechanisms of the geotechnical characteristics 17 variation and soil enhancement via nZVI. 18 of the particle shape, pore size and soil micro-structure. All these results are supported
New experimental procedures for kinematic analysis and muscle activity identification in case of ergometer rowing

This article represents new experimental approaches to the problems of kinematics analysis and muscle activity identifications applied in case of ergometer rowing. Moreover, it is also proposed principle of defining muscle activity participation in generating body segment motion. First experiment was done on sample of 20 rowers and it is included indoor rowing kinematics recording and data acquisition by using the video motion tracking system. Video camera – PC system records positions of markers attached on eight crucial points, in sagital plane. With a human body link segment model, the associated lines and the angular parameters of particular segments were calculated from the markers positions. Comparison of kinematics parameters of a representative sample (an elite rower) with kinematics parameters of others rowers is used for the rowing technique correction. Second experimental procedure included simultaneous measurement of EMG activity of Vastus Medialis, Biceps and Gastrocnemius muscles and kinematics data acquisition by using same video motion tracking system. Processing of collected kinematics and EMG data were done in Matlab program package. Thus, intervals of muscle activity can be defined in particular stroke phase by using threshold method, and beside that muscle participation in generating body segment movement correlating envelope of rectified and wavelets denoised emg signal with particular angular acceleration.
Heavy-tailed sexual contact networks and the epidemiology of monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic regions, May 2022.

A global outbreak of monkeypox across non-endemic regions including Europe and North America was confirmed in May 2022. The current outbreak has shown distinct epidemiological features compared with past outbreaks in non-endemic settings, most notably its observed rapid growth and predominant spread among men who have sex with men (MSM). We use a branching process transmission model fitted to empirical sexual partnership data in the UK to show that the heavy-tailed nature of the sexual partnership degree distribution, where a small fraction of individuals have disproportionately large numbers of partners, can explain the sustained growth of monkeypox cases among the MSM population despite the absence of such patterns of spread in past outbreaks. We also suggest that the basic reproduction number (R0) for monkeypox over the MSM sexual contact network may be substantially greater than 1 for a plausible range of assumptions, which poses a challenge to outbreak containment efforts. Ensuring ongoing support and tailored public health messaging to facilitate prevention and early detection among MSM with a large number of sexual partners is warranted.
Fecal carriage of vanB antibiotic resistance gene affects adipose tissue function under vancomycin use

ABSTRACT Detrimental consequences of antibiotic treatment may include long-lasting disruption of the gut microbiota. Previous studies found no negative effects of antibiotics on metabolic health, although individualized responses were observed. Here, we aimed to investigate the subject-specific response to vancomycin use in tissue-specific insulin sensitivity by stratifying individuals based on the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) or opportunistic pathogens (OPs) in the baseline fecal microbiota. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was used to detect ARGs and OPs in DNA isolated from fecal samples of 56 males with overweight/obesity (Body Mass Index: 25–35 kg/m2) and impaired glucose metabolism (fasting plasma glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L and/or 2-hour glucose 7.8–11.1 mmol/L). A two-step hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed to determine tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) gene expression was assessed using Affymetrix microarray. Gut microbial composition was determined using the Human Intestinal Tract Chip (HITChip) microarray. At baseline, the vancomycin resistance gene vanB was present in 60% of our population. In individuals that were vanB-negative at baseline, AT insulin sensitivity (insulin-mediated suppression of plasma free fatty acids) improved during vancomycin use, while it decreased among vanB-positive individuals (% change post versus baseline: 14.1 ± 5.6 vs. −6.7 ± 7.5% (p = .042)). The vancomycin-induced increase in AT insulin sensitivity was accompanied by downregulation of inflammatory pathways and enrichment of extracellular matrix remodeling pathways in AT. In the vanB-positive group, well-known vanB-carrying bacteria, Enterococcus and Streptococcus, expanded in the gut microbiome. In conclusion, microbiome composition and adipose tissue biology were differentially affected by vancomycin treatment based on fecal vanB carriage.
Catalytic Influence of Water Vapor on Lean Blowoff and NOx Reduction for Pressurised Swirling Syngas Flames

It has become increasingly cost-effective for the steel industry to invest in the capture of heavily carbonaceous basic oxygen furnace or converter gas, and use it to support the intensive energy demands of the integrated facility, or for surplus energy conversion in power plants. As industry strives for greater efficiency via ever more complex technologies, increased attention is being paid to investigate the complex behavior of by-product syngases. Recent studies have described and evidenced the enhancement of fundamental combustion parameters such as laminar flame speed due to the catalytic influence of H2O on heavily carbonaceous syngas mixtures. Direct formation of CO2 from CO is slow due to its high activation energy, and the presence of disassociated radical hydrogen facilitates chain branching species (such as OH), changing the dominant path for oxidation. The observed catalytic effect is nonmonotonic, with the reduction in flame temperature eventually prevailing, and overall reaction rate quenched. The potential benefits of changes in water loading are explored in terms of delayed lean blow-off (LBO), and primary emission reduction in a premixed turbulent swirling flame, scaled for practical relevance at conditions of elevated temperature (423 K) and pressure (0.1–0.3 MPa). Chemical kinetic models are used initially to characterize the influence that H2O has on the burning characteristics of the fuel blend employed, modeling laminar flame speed and extinction strain rate across an experimental range with H2O vapor fraction increased to eventually diminish the catalytic effect. These modeled predictions are used as a foundation to investigate the experimental flame. OH* chemiluminescence and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) are employed as optical diagnostic techniques to analyze changes in heat release structure resulting from the experimental variation in water loading. A comparison is made with a CH4/air flame and changes in LBO stability limits are quantified, measuring the incremental increase in air flow and again compared against chemical models. The compound benefit of CO and NOx reduction is quantified also, with production first decreasing due to the thermal effect of H2O addition from a reduction in flame temperature, coupled with the potential for further reduction from the change in lean stability limit. Power law correlations have been derived for change in pressure, and equivalent water loading. Hence, the catalytic effect of H2O on reaction pathways and reaction rate predicted and observed for laminar flames are appraised within the challenging environment of turbulent, swirl-stabilized flames at elevated temperature and pressure, characteristic of practical systems.
Automated detection of vascular remodeling in tumor‐draining lymph nodes by the deep‐learning tool HEV‐finder

Vascular remodeling is common in human cancer and has potential as future biomarkers for prediction of disease progression and tumor immunity status. It can also affect metastatic sites, including the tumor‐draining lymph nodes (TDLNs). Dilation of the high endothelial venules (HEVs) within TDLNs has been observed in several types of cancer. We recently demonstrated that it is a premetastatic effect that can be linked to tumor invasiveness in breast cancer. Manual visual assessment of changes in vascular morphology is a tedious and difficult task, limiting high‐throughput analysis. Here we present a fully automated approach for detection and classification of HEV dilation. By using 12,524 manually classified HEVs, we trained a deep‐learning model and created a graphical user interface for visualization of the results. The tool, named the HEV‐finder, selectively analyses HEV dilation in specific regions of the lymph nodes. We evaluated the HEV‐finder's ability to detect and classify HEV dilation in different types of breast cancer compared to manual annotations. Our results constitute a successful example of large‐scale, fully automated, and user‐independent, image‐based quantitative assessment of vascular remodeling in human pathology and lay the ground for future exploration of HEV dilation in TDLNs as a biomarker. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.