Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning Internal Structure of Words with Factored Generative Models

While it has recently been the dominant trend in NLP to treat words as flat vectors, we are well aware that words have intelligible structures within. In this thesis, I aim to extract more structured, interpretable representations of words that reflect such inner workings, by means of generative modeling. Such representations are discovered in attempts to model the phenomenon of inflectional morphology, by which words are systematically categorized into different grammatical classes, and manifest form changes accordingly to such classes. Approaches to studying internal structures of words can categorize into one of the three families of morphological theories: morpheme-based item-and-arrangement (IA) models, lexeme-based item-and-process (IP) models, and word-based wordand-paradigm (WP) models. Here, I pay attention to the fact there have been relatively few attempts to computationally learn IP morphologies, especially in unsupervised settings. As the modern NLP community is equipped with more powerful tools to model — or approximate — complicated distributions, we are now in a good position to attempt extracting morphological models based on functional processes. In this work, I employ two different techniques to approach the problem of learning IP morphologies by generative modeling. First, I implement hidden Markov models with factored latent states, which emit continuous word embeddings, as a non-neural baseline. Then, I implement neural autoencoders that extend the factored HMMs via adversarial training, to lift a number of simplifying assumptions made by the baseline. After a series of extensive evaluation experiments, I find out that although modeling of IP morphologies is an attainable goal when we have access to annotated data, purely unsupervised learning of IP morphologies remains to be a significant challenge. Specifically, it is confirmed that unrestricted training based on the common likelihood-based objective is likely to drift apart from human linguistic knowledge, without any means to regularize the training of highly complicated models.
Civilian and Part-Time Services Health Care Professionals’ Reactions to Military Roles During Deployment to The Gulf War (1991)

Six months after the end of the Gulf War, 95 non-Regular Services health care professionals called-up and volunteers were recruited opportunistically to a study of their social, psychological and health reactions to the experiences from participation in this event. This part of the study focusses upon their reactions to and expectations of pre-departure mobilization and their subsequent deployment in the Gulf. During pre-deployment anticipatory fear was expressed often with excitement at the prospect of going to war. The reality of war, once they had arrived in the Gulf was of a different and more intense fear than before departure and some tried hard to disguise this emotion in order to not be seen as weak. Fear was not the most difficult aspect coped with during deployment, rather inter-military disharmony between the three groups of Reservists, those in the TA and Regular soldiers was identified as being the most difficult Some Reservists blamed their late arrival in the Gulf as a cause of feeling ‘outsiders’ to ‘in’ groups, while those in the TA complained that their rank was disrespected by Regulars’. Poor management by senior command officers was often blamed for not taking action to resolve this problem. Reservists were found to have the most difficult time in the Gulf perhaps because their expectations of Regulars in particular was that the latter were not as able as they were when in full time service.
Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Classiﬁcation of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase Gene ( bla KPC ) Variants (cid:1)

Carbapenem resistance mediated by plasmid-borne Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) is an emerging problem of signiﬁcant clinical importance in Gram-negative bacteria. Multiple KPC gene variants ( bla KPC ) have been reported, with KPC-2 ( bla KPC-2 ) and KPC-3 ( bla KPC-3 ) associated with epidemic outbreaks in New York City and various international settings. Here, we describe the development of a multiplex real-time PCR assay using molecular beacons (MB-PCR) for rapid and accurate identiﬁcation of bla KPC variants. The assay consists of six molecular beacons and two oligonucleotide primer pairs, allowing for detection and classiﬁcation of all currently described bla KPC variants ( bla KPC-2 to bla KPC-11 ). The MB-PCR detection limit was 5 to 40 DNA copies per reaction and 4 CFU per reaction using laboratory-prepared samples. The MB-PCR probes were highly speciﬁc for each bla KPC variant, and cross-reactivity was not observed using DNA isolated from several bacterial species. A total of 457 clinical Gram-negative isolates were successfully characterized by our MB-PCR assay, with bla KPC-3 and bla KPC-2 identiﬁed as the most common types in the New York/New Jersey metropolitan region. The MB-PCR assay described herein is rapid, sensitive, and speciﬁc and should be useful for understanding the ongoing evolution of carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. As novel bla KPC variants continue to emerge, the MB-PCR assay can be modiﬁed in response to epidemiologic developments. NucliSENS easyMAG MB-PCR ampliﬁcation. per estimated plat- ing procedures and used MB-PCR limits molecular beacon an- alytical sensitivities determined this method, variants speciﬁcities as well and used as a template to rule out cross-reactivity between different bla KPC gene variants. In addition, the analytical speciﬁcities of all primer/probe combinations using several other species, including
Quantifying Community Dynamics of Nitriﬁers in Functionally Stable Reactors (cid:1) †

A sequential batch reactor (SBR) and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) were inoculated with the same sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, supplemented with ammonium, and operated in parallel for 84 days. It was investigated whether the functional stability of the nitriﬁcation process corresponded with a static ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB) community. The SBR provided complete nitriﬁcation during nearly the whole experimental run, whereas the MBR showed a buildup of 0 to 2 mg nitrite-N liter (cid:1) 1 from day 45 until day 84. Based on the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis proﬁles, two novel approaches were introduced to characterize and quantify the community dynamics and interspecies abundance ratios: (i) the rate of change [ (cid:2) t (week) ] parameter and (ii) the Pareto-Lorenz curve distribution pattern. During the whole sampling period, it was observed that neither of the reactor types maintained a static microbial community and that the SBR evolved more gradually than the MBR, particularly with respect to AOB (i.e., average weekly community changes of 12.6% (cid:3) 5.2% for the SBR and 24.6% (cid:3) 14.3% for the MBR). Based on the Pareto-Lorenz curves, it was observed that only a small group of AOB species played a numerically dominant role in the nitritation of both reactors, and this was true especially for the MBR. The remaining less dominant
Thermal suppression of phase separation in condensate mixtures

We examine the role of thermal fluctuations in binary condensate mixtures of dilute atomic gases. In particular, we use Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov with Popov approximation to probe the impact of non-condensate atoms to the phenomenon of phase-separation in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. We demonstrate that, in comparison to $T=0$, there is a suppression in the phase-separation of the binary condensates at $T\neq0$. This arises from the interaction of the condensate atoms with the thermal cloud. We also show that, when $T\neq0$ it is possible to distinguish the phase-separated case from miscible from the trends in the correlation function. However, this is not the case at $T=0$.
Bayes meets Krylov: preconditioning CGLS for underdetermined systems

The solution of linear inverse problems when the unknown parameters outnumber data requires addressing the problem of a nontrivial null space. After restating the problem within the Bayesian framework, a priori information about the unknown can be utilized for determining the null space contribution to the solution. More specifically, if the solution of the associated linear system is computed by the Conjugate Gradient for Least Squares (CGLS) method, the additional information can be encoded in the form of a right preconditioner. In this paper we study how the right preconditioned changes the Krylov subspaces where the CGLS iterates live, and draw a tighter connection between Bayesian inference and Krylov subspace methods. The advantages of a Krylov-meet-Bayes approach to the solution of underdetermined linear inverse problems is illustrated with computed examples.
Analysis of the neutral D-meson decay to a neutral kaon and two neutral pions

This thesis presents a Dalitz plot analysis of D → K Sππ using the CLEO-c data set of 818 pb of ee collisions accumulated at √ s = 3.77 GeV. This corresponds to about 3 million D–D0 pairs from which we select 1260 tagged candidates with a background of roughly 6%. We find that S-wave features dominate the ππ axis of the Dalitz plot, contributing about one-third of the total decay rate, while the K(892) is the dominant K Sπ 0 contribution. Using three tag modes and correcting for quantum correlations we determine that the D → K Sππ branching ratio is (1.059 ± 0.049 ± 0.050)%.
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Reuse and Analogical Reasoning in Object-Oriented Analysis

Software reuse holds the promise that complex software systems can be built faster, at lower cost, and with higher quality by reusing existing software artifacts. However, despite numerous success stories and decades of research, the promise has not been fulfilled. This situation has lead to a renewed "interest in understanding how and where reuse can be effective and why it has proven so difficult to bring the seemingly simple idea of software reuse to the forefront of software development" (Krueger, 1992, p. 133). We still lack a thorough understanding of how individuals reuse software artifacts, what obstacles they encounter, and how to overcome those obstacles. This lack of understanding makes reuse an uncertain endeavor -- we cannot effectively and efficiently support reuse with technology if we do not understand the reuse process. This study explores the cognitive processes of reuse in the context of object-oriented analysis (OOA). Three general research questions are investigated:
CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES IN THE GALACTIC BULGE: EVIDENCE FOR A FAST ENRICHMENT

We derived oxygen abundances for 42 K giants in four elds towards the Galactic bulge. We present here the results for Oxygen, as measured from the forbidden line at 6300 A. Oxygen shows a well dened trend with [Fe/H]. with [O/Fe] being higher in bulge stars than in thick disk ones, the latter already more oxygen
Do Subjective and Objective Indices of Disease Severity Correlate with Perceived Disability in New Glaucoma Referrals?

Purpose/Aim: To assess the relationship between newly referred glaucoma patients’ perceived visual disability, visual field parameters of disease severity and an objective index of disease severity derived from scanning laser polarimetry. Materials/Methods: This is a prospective case series with newly diagnosed and treatment naïve new glaucoma-clinic patients. Self-reported visual disability was assessed using the vision-specific National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEIVFQ-25) and the glaucoma-specific Viswanathan (Vis-Q) questionnaire. Standard automated perimetry provided psychophysical indices of disease severity, including Mean Deviation (MD) scores and binocular Integrated Visual Field (IVF) scores using Progressor software. Objective, structural measures of the optic nerve and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer were made using the scanning laser polarimeter from which the nerve fiber index value was used as an index of disease severity, both monocularly and by binocular summation. Correlations between questionnaire responses, visual field indices and objective structural indices were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: Seventy five patients were eligible the study. Monocular and binocular visual field indices showed weak correlations with self-reported questionnaire scores (Spearman’s rho: NEIVFQ-25 ‘worse’ eye MD r=0.23, p=0.05, IVF score r=-0.16, p=0.19; Vis-Q ‘better’ eye MD r=0.30, p=0.009, IVF r=-0.24, p=0.04). Neither monocular nor binocular objective structural indices of glaucoma damage correlated with self-reported questionnaire scores. Conclusions: Visual field indices show weak correlations with patients’ perceived visual disability. Objective, structural measures of glaucoma severity at the optic nerve do not correlate with patients’ perceived visual disability. Designing wholly objective modes of self-assessment that yield information about patients’ experiences remains an important, but necessary challenge for early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.
Genetic Analysis of the Capsule Locus of Haemophilus inﬂuenzae Serotype f

A 19-kb DNA region containing genes involved in the biosynthesis of the capsule of Haemophilus inﬂuenzae serotype f (Hif) has been cloned and characterized. The Hif cap locus organization is typical of group II capsule biosynthetic loci found in other H. inﬂuenzae serotype b bacteria and other gram-negative bacteria. However, the Hif cap locus was not associated with an IS 1016 element. Three new open reading frames, Fcs1, Fcs2, and Fcs3, were identiﬁed in the Hif capsule-speciﬁc region II. The chromosomal location of the Hif cap locus and the organization of the ﬂanking sequences differed signiﬁcantly from previously described division I H. inﬂuenzae serotypes. Many bacterial species produce an extracellular polysaccharide capsule (CPS), which contributes to the pathogenicity of these organisms. The capsule of Haemophilus inﬂuenzae , a human pathogen causing disease in both adults and children, is important in establishing and maintaining invasive disease such as bacteremia and meningitis by conferring bacterial resistance to complement-mediated phagocytosis (28). H. inﬂuenzae is serotyped based on the presence of six antigenically distinct CPS (types a to f) (31). H. inﬂuenzae strains that lack CPS are classiﬁed as nontypeable or nonencapsulated.
Meteor Showers and their Parent Comets

Rather than enjoying a good PDF when a mug of coffee in the afternoon, then again they juggled with some harmful virus inside their computer. meteor showers and their parent comets is open in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in merged countries, allowing you to get the most less latency period to download any of our books past this one. Merely said, the meteor showers and their parent comets is universally compatible taking into consideration any devices to read.
AKTUELNI PRISTUP DIAGNOSTICI PARATUBERKULOZE U GOVEDA

s Diagnostics of paratuberculosis aims at two goals: first, monitoring the herd, and second, reliable identification of positive animals. Bovine paratuberculosis is diagnosed by the application of direct methods, i.e. by identification of the agent, or indirectly by measuring immunology response. The relevance of a diagnostic method is determined by the stage of the disease in animal. Direct identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp . paratuberculosis in a feces sample is limited by the fact of small number of secreted bacteria by intermitent secretion. Bacteriological examination of feces is a valuable diagnostic procedure for detection of animals with clinical symptoms and the animals with subclinical manifestation. Direct identification of MAP in feces and organ samples using PCR method considerably shortens the time for proving the evidence of a disease. The indirect methods for proving the prevalence are complicated and limited. ELISA assay is considered the method of choice for diagnosis of paratuberculosis due to its rapidity and relati-vely low costs. Despite continual and numerous research, the problem of detec-ting subclinical infection has not been solved yet especially in the herds with low prevalence of positive animals. Numerous efforts of researches have been done in order to improve the current methods and develop new diagnostic procedures for diagnosis of paratuberculosis. However, already now the control of the disease is possible due to the combination of regular diagnostic through sanitary measures and identification of the infected animals.
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Higher-order accurate Euler-flow solutions are presented for some a1rtod test cases Second-order accu rate solutions are computed by an Iterative Defect Correction process For two test cases even higher accuracy is obtained by the additional use of a T-extrapolatt0n technique. Finite volume Osher-type discret- 1zations are applied throughout Two interpolation schemes (one with and one without a flux ltmtter) are used for the computatt0n of the second-order defect In each Defect Correction cycle, the solutt0n 1s corn· puled by non-linear multigrid iteration, in which Collective Symmetnc Gauss-Setdef relaxation 1s used as the smoothing procedure. The computational method does not require tuning of parameters. The solutions show a good resolution of discontinuities, and they are obtained at low computatiooal costs. The rate of convergence seems to be grid-independent • 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification: 65N30, 76G 15. 76H05. Note: This Netherlands Technology Foundation (STW). It Numerical Solution of Compressible Euler 10-13 June 1986, INRIA, Rocquencourt, France.
Gamma-ray bursts from colliding neutron stars

Three distance scales to gamma-ray bursters are discussed: about 300 pc, about 2 - 50 kpc, and about 1 Gpc, corresponding to the Galactic disk, Galactic halo, and extragalactic origin. No compelling evidence is found in favor of any of them. The BATSE experiment on GRO should determine the distance scale by determining the angular distribution of very weak bursts. The rate of collisions between the neutron stars is about 0.0001/yr in our Galaxy, and about 10 exp 5/yr within the Hubble distance. The collisions are the final phases of binary orbit decay driven by gravitational radiation, and may produce gamma-ray bursts detectable at extra-galactic distances. If strange stars exist then their collisions must release about 10 exp 49 erg in gamma-rays over about 10 seconds. Such events should be detectable out to about 1 Gpc with the current instruments.
In the eyes of the beholder: Do adolescent girls and boys view school differently?

The study aimed to find the influence, if any, of higher secondary students’ gender on psychosocial aspects of school environment as perceived by them. Disagreement among investigators makes it an animated area of research. Stratified random sampling was used for selecting a sample of 600 higher secondary students (300 girls; 300 boys) aged 16 to 19 years belonging to middle socio-economic status families of Kolkata. School Environment Inventory (Misra, 2002) was used to assess students’ perception of school environment. Socio-Economic Status Scale (Meenakshi, 2004) was administered to ascertain the socio- economic status of students for controlling it. Computation of Mean, Standard Deviation and One-Way ANOVA comprised data analysis. Results indicated significant influence of participants’ gender on some dimensions of perceived school environment. Descriptive statistics revealed that participating girls perceived school environment as more creatively stimulating, cognitively encouraging, accepting, controlling but less rejecting than boys did. Girls and boys did not differ significantly in perception of permissiveness at school. So, opinions of gender-groups must be sought and heeded to bring about beneficial changes in the school setting.
Use of High Resolution DAQ System to Aid Diagnosis of HD2b, a High Performance Nb3Sn

 Abstract — A novel voltage monitoring system to record voltage transients in superconducting magnets is being developed at LBNL[1]. This system has 160 monitoring channels capable of measuring differential voltages of up to 1.5kV with 100kHz bandwidth and 500kS/s digitizing rate. This paper presents analysis results from data taken with a 16 channel prototype system. From that analysis we were able to diagnose a change in the current-temperature margin of the superconducting cable by analyzing Flux-Jump data collected after a magnet energy extraction failure during testing of a high field Nb 3 Sn dipole.
Advancing diagnostic performance and clinical applicability of deep learning-driven generative adversarial networks for Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that severely affects the activities of daily living in aged individuals, which typically needs to be diagnosed at an early stage. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) provide a new deep learning method that show good performance in image processing, while it remains to be verified whether a GAN brings benefit in AD diagnosis. The purpose of this research is to systematically review psychoradiological studies on the application of a
HEMATOPOIESIS AND STEM CELLS A far downstream enhancer for murine Bcl11b controls its T-cell speci ﬁ c expression

, pattern in the between differentially and elements in Major sequence subregions, in promoter-proximal and Major Peaksequencesare cis -regulatoryelementsthatinteractover850kbtocontrolexpressionof Bcl11b inhematopoieticcells. ( Blood . 2013;122(6):902-911) 19,20 Bacterial arti ﬁ cial chromosome (BAC) reporters were generated by recombineering. 21,22 Accession number for TCF-1 ChIP-seq data: GSE46662. Detailed methods are given in supplemental Materials and methods. In one ﬁ gure, cells were used from mouse thymus and spleen. These animals were bred and maintained in our colony at Caltech and were used entirely according to Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee-approved protocols.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Trust in Coworkers and Trust in Organizations Trust in Coworkers and Trust in Organizations

The authors proposed a modified model of organizational trust that incor- porates trust in 2 foci: coworkers and organizations. They found a relation between the 2 foci. The authors also found that trust in organizations mediates the relation between trust in coworkers and organizational outcomes of affective commitment and performance. These findings suggest that it would be meaningful to examine the relations between other foci of trust to better understand how different domains interact and how such exchanges eventually lead to desired organizational outcomes. to affect organizational commitment and performance.
Learning via Self-Triggered Generative Replay

We consider the problem of building a state representation model for control, in a continual learning setting. As the environment changes, the aim is to efficiently compress the sensory state information without losing past knowledge, and then use Reinforcement Learning on the resulting features for efficient policy learning. To this end, we propose S-TRIGGER, a general method for Continual State Representation Learning applicable to Variational Auto-Encoders and its many variants. The method is based on Generative Replay, i.e. the use of generated samples to maintain past knowledge. It comes along with a statistically sound method for environment change detection, which self-triggers the Generative Replay. Our experiments on VAEs show that STRIGGER learns state representations that allows fast and highperforming Reinforcement Learning, while avoiding catastrophic forgetting. The resulting system has a bounded size and is capable of autonomously learning new information without using past data.