Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE GALACTIC CENTER: SiO OUTFLOWS AND HIGH-MASS STAR FORMATION NEAR Sgr A*

ALMA observations of the Galactic center with a spatial resolution of 2. ″61 × 0. ″97 resulted in the detection of 11 SiO (5–4) clumps of molecular gas within 0.6 pc (15″) of Sgr A*, interior to the 2 pc circumnuclear molecular ring. The three SiO (5–4) clumps closest to Sgr A* show the largest central velocities, ∼150 km s−1, and the broadest asymmetric line widths with full width zero intensity (FWZI) ∼110–147 km s−1. The remaining clumps, distributed mainly to the NE of the ionized mini-spiral, have narrow FWZI (∼18–56 km s−1). Using CARMA SiO (2–1) data, Large Velocity Gradient modeling of the SiO line ratios for the broad velocity clumps constrains the column density N(SiO) ∼1014 cm−2, and the H2 gas density cm−3 for an assumed kinetic temperature 100–200 K. The SiO clumps are interpreted as highly embedded protostellar outflows, signifying an early stage of massive star formation near Sgr A* in the last 104–105 yr. Support for this interpretation is provided by the SiO (5–4) line luminosities and velocity widths which lie in the range measured for protostellar outflows in star-forming regions in the Galaxy. Furthermore, spectral energy distribution modeling of stellar sources shows two young stellar object candidates near SiO clumps, supporting in situ star formation near Sgr A*. We discuss the nature of star formation where the gravitational potential of the black hole dominates. In particular, we suggest that external radiative pressure exerted on self-shielded molecular clouds enhances the gas density, before the gas cloud becomes gravitationally unstable near Sgr A*. Alternatively, collisions between clumps in the ring may trigger gravitational collapse.
DVB-T2 channel filters

Paper states circuit and constructive solutions for high-power channel elliptic filters applied in DVB-T2 digital video broadcasting systems. The method of finding coupling windows sizes based on the pass-band lumped equivalent circuit and electrodynamical simulation is proposed. The coupling windows provide precise coupling factors between adjacent and contiguous resonators. The considered approach permits to simplify extremely the technological process of complex multi-resonator filters tuning both in the frequency and time domain.
IMPACT OF IMPAIRED SLEEP ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PTSD SYMPTOMS IN COMBAT VETERANS: A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL COHORT STUDY

A significant proportion of soldiers return from deployment with symptoms of fatigue, sleep difficulties, and posttraumatic complaints. Disrupted sleep has been proposed as a contributing factor for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigates the impact of impaired sleep and nightmares before deployment on the development of PTSD symptoms.
Cytologic detection of Pneumocystis carinii: A comparison of papanicolaou and other histochemical stains

Pneumocystis carinii, a common pathogen among immunocompromised patients, has been investigated in cytologic specimens using both the histochemical stains and ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence following Papanicolaou staining. We reviewed 57 pulmonary cytologic specimens obtained from 23 patients and compared the results of specific histochemical stains and Papanicolaou‐stained preparations under UV excitation. Specific Pneumocystis fluorescence was observed in 26 of 49 Papanicolaou‐stained specimens. Thirty‐seven specimens were examined using both histochemical staining and after Papanicolaou UV staining. A comparison of the two techniques showed the Papanicolaou UV technique to have 89% sensitivity and 95% specificity. Cellulosic filters were the most valuable Papanicolaou‐stained preparation for Pneumocystis diagnosis. The authors conclude that UV fluorescence of Papanicolaou‐stained specimens obtained by noninvasive procedures is a rapid, accurate, and economical method for diagnosing pulmonary Pneumocystis carinii infections. Diagn Cytopathol 1986;2:133‐137.
Methodological issues in interviewing families in family nursing research.

AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to discuss what methodological problems can be met in family research with one family member as an interviewee speaking on behalf of the whole family and, vice versa, what is the meaning of having multiple family members or the whole family unit as informants. BACKGROUND Family nursing research is part of multidisciplinary research with families. It is a basis for family nursing and contributes to research, especially from the perspective of family welfare and its promotion. Family nursing research generates knowledge concerning families' and family members' wellbeing and experiences and expectations of nursing and health care. METHODS The examination of methodological problems while pursuing family research is based on two studies conducted in Finland. FINDINGS Quantitative methods add to the general knowledge of families. Qualitative methods are well suited to the study of family experiences. Family interviews performed for research purposes differ from interviews aiming at caring for families. They aim at obtaining knowledge of families on a general level so as to improve family nursing. Family research has to be looked at as a whole. It faces many challenges such as the definition of the family, gaining access, methods of data collection and data management. CONCLUSIONS A family is a complex system and research with families need flexible, sensitive and practical methods. Family research should also aim at developing new methods for data collection and analysis.
How Often Do Providers Discuss Asthma Action Plans With Children? Analysis of Transcripts of Medical Visits

Objective. To examine how often providers discussed asthma action plans with children and their caregivers and child, clinical, and provider characteristics that were associated with those discussions. Method. This was a cross-sectional analysis of audio-recorded visits between 35 general pediatric providers and 260 children (8-16 years old) with asthma and their caregivers. The visits were transcribed into text. The transcripts were coded for discussions about written asthma action plans. Results. Providers discussed written asthma action plans with 21.0% of children and caregivers. Providers were significantly more likely to discuss asthma action plans when the child was enrolled in Medicaid, the visit was asthma related, the visit was longer, the provider was not White, or more provider education. Conclusion. In our sample, providers rarely discussed action plans with children and their caregivers. Providers should discuss asthma action plans with every child with persistent asthma and their caregivers and revise them regularly.
Spatial patterns in benthic biodiversity of Chesapeake Bay, USA (1984–1999): Association with water quality and sediment toxicity

Non–point‐source pollution is an increasing source of stress to aquatic, estuarine, and marine ecosystems. Such pollution may be of unknown etiology, distributed over extensive spatial scales, and comprised of multiple stressors. Current stressor‐based paradigms for ecological risk assessment (ERA) may be insufficient to characterize risk from multiple stressors at regional spatial scales, necessitating the use of effects‐based approaches. Historical data (1984–1999) for benthic macroinvertebrate biodiversity in Chesapeake Bay, USA, were incorporated into a geographic information system (GIS) and spatial analysis tools were used to model zones within the bay predicted to be of low or high anthropogenic impact. Data for benthic water quality and sediment toxicant concentrations from each of these zones were subsequently analyzed and compared to identify associations between benthic biodiversity and potential stressors. A number of stressors were significantly associated with high‐impact zones, including increased nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, low dissolved oxygen, heavy metals, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls. The spatial autocorrelation among multiple stressors suggests that traditional stressor‐based approaches to ERA may result in the a priori exclusion of ecologically relevant stressors. Considering the effects of individual stressors rather than net effects of multiple stressors may result in underestimation of risk. The GISs are a useful tool for integrating multiple data sets in support of comprehensive regional ERA.
Graphclust: a Method for Clustering Database of Graphs

Any application that represents data as sets of graphs may benefit from the discovery of relationships among those graphs. To do this in an unsupervised fashion requires the ability to find graphs that are similar to one another. That is the purpose of GraphClust. The GraphClust algorithm proceeds in three phases, often building on other tools:(1) it finds highly connected substructures in each graph;(2) it uses those substructures to represent each graph as a feature vector; and(3) it clusters these feature vectors using a standard distance measure. We validate the cluster quality by using the Silhouette method. In addition to clustering graphs, GraphClust uses SVD decomposition to find frequently co-occurring connected substructures. The main novelty of GraphClust compared to previous methods is that it is application-independent and scalable to many large graphs.
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia / cardiomyopathy versus dilated right ventricular cardiomyopathy : a problematic autopsy diagnosis ?

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia-cardiomyopathy (ARVD-C) is a rare heart condition with characteristic thinning and fibroadipose tissue replacement of the myocardium of the right ventricular wall. We have seen 20 autopsy cases with morphologic features fitting the criteria of ARVD-C in our hospital in the past 5 years. The clinical characteristics of these patients were not those described in the literatures. Two of the 20 patients died suddenly without obvious cause, and only one of the 20 patients fit the classic clinical and morphologic description of the disease. The remaining patients were chronically ill with significant comorbidities, and the pre-mortem diagnosis of ARVD-C was not suspected in all these patients. We suspect that ARVD-C could be a spectrum of morphologic changes with variable clinical manifestations, and it may be far more common than that reported in the literature. The spectrum of the morphologic changes of the right ventricular wall raise questions of the diagnostic criteria at the time of autopsy and request for more clinical pathologic correlation. Alternatively, these morphologic features may represent a specific dilated right ventricular cardiomyopathy distinct from the classic description of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy with genetic component. Keyword: Right ventricular dysplasia, dilated cardiomyopathy, autopsy
Goal-Oriented Optimal Approximations of Bayesian Linear Inverse Problems

We propose optimal dimensionality reduction techniques for the solution of goal-oriented linear-Gaussian inverse problems, where the quantity of interest (QoI) is a function of the inversion parameters. These approximations are suitable for large-scale applications. In particular, we study the approximation of the posterior covariance of the QoI as a low-rank negative update of its prior covariance and prove optimality of this update with respect to the natural geodesic distance on the manifold of symmetric positive definite matrices. Assuming exact knowledge of the posterior mean of the QoI, the optimality results extend to optimality in distribution with respect to the Kullback--Leibler divergence and the Hellinger distance between the associated distributions. We also propose the approximation of the posterior mean of the QoI as a low-rank linear function of the data and prove optimality of this approximation with respect to a weighted Bayes risk. Both of these optimal approximations avoid the explicit.
Synthesis of a Universal 5‐Nitroindole Ribonucleotide and Incorporation into RNA by a Viral RNA‐Dependent RNA Polymerase

Small molecules that mimic natural nucleosides and nucleotides comprise a major class of antiviral agents. A new approach to the design of these compounds focuses on the generation of lethal mutagens:[1, 2] compounds that further accelerate the high rate of viral mutagenesis[3, 4] to confer antiviral effects. By incorporating artificial nucleobases with degenerate base-pairing abilities into viral genomes, lethal mutagens increase viral genomic mutagenesis to intolerable levels during replication, a process termed “error catastrophe”, which results in the loss of viral viability. [5, 6] The antiviral drug ribavirin (1) is one such lethal mutagen effective against the RNA viruses poliovirus (PV) [7] and hepatitis C virus. [8] Ribavirin is converted intracellularly to the 5′-triphosphate (RTP), which is a substrate for viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRP). By mimicking the natural purines, RTP is misincorporated opposite pyrimidines in the enzyme-bound viral RNA template. The incorporated nucleobase of ribavirin promotes genomic mutatagenesis by templating C and U during subsequent rounds of viral replication; this facilitates error catastrophe and loss of viral viability. [7, 9–11]
An assessment of optical properties and primary production derived from remote sensing in the Southern Ocean (SO GasEx)

[1] Optical properties and primary production were measured during the Southern Ocean (SO) Gas Exchange Experiment (GasEx) (March–April 2008). To assess and evaluate these properties derived from remote sensing, absorption coefficients derived from remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) with the quasi-analytical algorithm were compared with those from in situ measurements from both an ac-9 optical instrument deployed on a profiling package and from discrete water samples analyzed using filter pad spectrophotometry. Total absorption coefficients from Rrs retrievals were found, on average, to be ∼12% less than ac-9 measurements and ∼15% less than filter pad measurements. Absorption coefficients of gelbstoff-detritus and phytoplankton pigments (at 443 nm) derived from Rrs were ∼15% and ∼25% less than ac-9 measurements, respectively. The difference can be well explained based on the determination methods and these results indicate general consistency between remote sensing retrievals and in situ measurements for these waters. Further, incorporating measured surface radiation data, water column primary production (PPeu) was estimated using chlorophyll concentration based models (Chl-PP) and a phytoplankton absorption based model (Aph-PP), where remote-sensing Chl was retrieved with an operational empirical algorithm. These estimated PPeu values were then compared with primary productivity measured using 14C incubation techniques, and coefficient of determination (R2, N = 13) of 0.74 were found for the Aph-PP results, while the R2 of the Chl-PP results were less than 0.5. Such a contrast further highlights the importance of analytically retrieving phytoplankton absorption from measurement of ocean color and the advantage of using phytoplankton absorption to represent the role of phytoplankton in photosynthesis. Spatial distribution and contrast of PPeu in the greater SO GasEx region estimated from satellite data are also presented.
Simultaneous wide-band four-antenna wireless channel-sounding measurements at 1920 MHz in a suburban environment

Simultaneous four-antenna wide-band mobile channel-sounding measurements were made in two areas at 1920 MHz. The received signal strength and transmission loss were examined. Path-loss exponents for the two sectors were found to be 4.9 and 4.1. Root mean square delay spreads for the two sectors were found to be less than 1.38 and 0.65 /spl mu/s for 90% of the data and less than 3.14 and 1.35 /spl mu/s for 99% of the data. Fast fading reduction using antenna diversity and increased channel bandwidth (19.6 kHz, 1.25 MHz, 5.0 MHz, and 10.0 MHz) were examined. Three signal combining methods were considered: selection diversity, equal gain combining, and maximal ratio combining. The measured results show that increasing the number of diversity antennas or the channel bandwidth significantly reduces fading. Maximal ratio combining yields the largest diversity gain, exceeding 11.0 and 17.0 dB at the 90% and 99% fast fade depth probability levels, respectively, for the 19.6-kHz narrow-band signal and 6.7 and 6.9 dB for the 10.0-MHz broad-band signal when all four channels are used.
Testing the Biomethane Yield of Degradable Wastes of Meat Industry by BMP Test

The optimal mix of solid waste from the meat industry (MI) for anaerobic digestion (AD) treatment can be selected by defining the biomethane potential (BMP test) of the waste in relation to the unit value of chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this paper, the BMP test of biodegradable wastes from MI has been performed. For the purposes of the experiment, two types of input substrates have been defined: manure (manure from cattle depots and transport vehicles for cattle transport) labeled as O1 and inedible offal, contents of the stomach, sludges from washing and cleaning, and the remains of meat defined as waste O2. According to the BMP test, mixtures of fresh inoculum (38 g), waste O1 and waste O2 in quantities of 1 g and 2 g have been tested, and the model for the selection of the best mix in terms of the biogas yield has been defined. Based on correlations of CH 4 and COD, mixture M1 (O1 : O2 = 80 : 20) is recommended, for treatment at the plant, because it has the highest yield of 256.16 mL CH 4 per unit value of COD.
Evaluation of platelet function, a method comparison

Platelet function can be studied using many different methods why it is of interest to understand how data from different assays relate to each other. In the present study we compare two methods suitable for screening purposes with two established although laborious methods, impedance aggregometry and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) aggregation. The alternative assays tested were: (i) exposure of active αIIbβ3, in diluted whole blood and (ii) whole blood aggregation assessed by residual platelet counting. The fibrinogen receptor activation assay was found to have the lower variability, higher sensitivity to ADP, and higher signal to noise ratio compared with residual platelet counting. The sensitivity and response profile of the fibrinogen receptor activation assay and residual platelet counting were more similar to PRP aggregation than to impedance aggregometry, whereas impedance aggregometry displayed lower sensitivity to ADP. The two alternative assays correlated well with PRP aggregation as well as with each other. The fibrinogen receptor activation assay displayed the highest potency for AR-C69931MX, possibly due to a lower protein content compared with residual platelet counting. The two studied assays compare well with the more established assays, and are thus both good alternatives for platelet function testing and evaluation of new potential platelet antagonists.
A Improved Decoding Algorithm for Low-Density Parity-Check Codes

Based on decoding performance, complexity and latency of finite-geometry low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, an efficient decoding algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is a hybrid bit-flipping (BF)/majority-logic (MLG) algorithm. In the algorithm, there are two stages. At the first stage, a code is decoded with bit-flipping (BF) with a small fixed number of iterations. Then the output from bit-flipping (BF) decoder is decoded by majority-logic (MLG) decoding. And in bit-flipping (BF) decoding, a new method is used to find the least reliable position. In the hybrid algorithm, there aren't real operations. Simulation results show that the algorithm provides 0.3dB coding gain over weight bit-flipping (WBF) decoding, and within 1 dB away from sum-product algorithm (SPA) decoding.
Verifying Weak Probabilistic Noninterference

Weak probabilistic noninterference is a security property for enforcing confidentiality in multi-threaded programs. It aims to guarantee secure flow of information in the program and ensure that sensitive information does not leak to attackers. In this paper, the problem of verifying weak probabilistic noninterference by leveraging formal methods, in particular algorithmic verification, is discussed. Behavior of multi-threaded programs is modeled using probabilistic Kripke structures and formalize weak probabilistic noninterference in terms of these structures. Then, a verification algorithm is proposed to check weak probabilistic noninterference. The algorithm uses an abstraction technique to compute quotient space of the program with respect to an equivalence relation called weak probabilistic bisimulation and does a simple check to decide whether the security property is satisfied or not. The progress made is demonstrated by a real-world case study. It is expected that the proposed approach constitutes a significant step towards more widely applicable secure information flow analysis.
Multibeam by Metasurface Antennas

We explore various possibilities for designing multibeam antennas using a single metasurface (MTS) aperture. Both single-source and multisource feeding schemes are considered. For the single-source case, two approaches are investigated. In the first one, the MTS aperture is divided into several angular sectors, each one devoted to the formation of a beam in a given direction. In the second approach, the whole aperture is shared by a superposition of individual modulations, which correspond to those required to obtain beams in the desired set of directions. It is shown that the latter solution provides beams with a higher gain. The configuration based on a multisource feeding scheme is also tailored by a superposition of modulation patterns. The main advantage of the latter approach is the possibility of having one independent beam at a time when each of the sources are active, as opposed to the single-source case where all the beams coexist at the same time. Closed-form expressions are provided for the MTS surface impedance in each of the proposed solutions. The design equations include appropriate amplitude tapering to improve the beam efficiency. Numerical results based on the method of moments are presented for validation.
Singing voice separation using deep neural networks and f0 estimation

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have become a popular approach for speech enhancement, and singing voice separation. DNNs are typically trained to estimate a timefrequency mask using ground truth examples. In this submission, we combine DNN estimation as a first step with traditional refinement via F0 estimation, using the YINFFT algorithm.