Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contact rate and risk factors of classical swine fever disease in commercial and smallholder pig farms, Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia

Background and Aim: Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of the primary diseases in animals in Indonesia, particularly areas that supply pig meat to the country, such as Karanganyar district, Central Java. The government has tried to prevent and control the disease by vaccination, but it has not yet given effective results. Therefore, another attempt to prevent the recurrence of CSF cases is to apply biosecurity in pig farms by looking for risk factors associated with on-farm and off-farm contact. This study aims to determine the contact rate and investigate the risk factors associated with on-farm and off-farm contact in commercial and smallholder pig farms in Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia, in the context of controlling CSF disease. Materials and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design in which the pig farm was designed as the observed epidemiological unit. The contact structure data were conducted by sampling using a two-stage random method. We selected Karanganyar district because it is the center of a pig farm in the Central Java Province and has many CSF cases in several years before. The study was conducted for more or less 1 month from August to September 2019. The contact data were collected from 37 smallholder farms and 27 commercial farms within interviews. Risk factors for contact with pigs were analyzed using logistic regression using theStatistix Program version 8.0. (www.statistix.com) Results: In comparison to smallholder farms, commercial farms had 2.38 and 3.32 times higher contact rate in outside farms and inside farms, respectively. Two factors increased the risk for on-farm contacts including commercials type farm (p=0.0012; odds ratio [OR]=8.32) with contact rate of 1.24 times/day and the time interval of CSF vaccination for 1-3 months (p=0.0013; OR=8.43) with contact rate of 0.98 times/day, and three factors increased the risk for off-farm contacts including the commercial farm type (p=0.012; OR=4.88) with 1.50 contact/day, the time interval of CSF vaccination for 1-3 months (p=0.036; OR=3.83) with 1.30 contact/day, and farmers with experience in pig husbandry <5 years (p=0.075; OR=3.56) with 1.13 contact/day. Conclusion: This study shows that commercial farms and short CSF vaccination intervals increased the risk of either off-farm or on-farm contacts. The contact structure of pig farms in Karanganyar district is similar to that in other areas in Indonesia. Reducing the risk of contacts either outside or inside the pig farms is essential to prevent disease transmission. Enhancing communication and education to pig farmers and surveillance is also necessary to prevent such diseases in pigs.
Laser micro-fabrication of concave, low-roughness features in silica

We describe a micro-fabrication method to create concave features with ultra-low roughness in silica, either on optical fibers or on flat substrates. The machining uses a single CO2 laser pulse train. Parameters are chosen such that evaporation removes material while a low-viscosity melt layer produces excellent surface quality. A surface roughness σ ∼ 0.2 nm is regularly obtained. The concave depressions are near-spherical close to the center with radii of curvature between 20 and 2000 μm. The method allows fabrication of low-scatter micro-optical devices such as mirror substrates for high-finesse cavities or negative lenses on fiber tips, extending the range of micro-optical components.
Towards Background-free RENP using a Photonic Crystal Waveguide

We study how to suppress multiphoton emission background in QED against radiative emission of neutrino pair (RENP) from atoms. We purse the possibility of background suppression using the photonic band structure of periodic dielectric media, called photonic crystals. The modification of photon emission rate in photonic crystal waveguides is quantitatively examined to clarify the condition of background-free RENP.
Designing a system to synchronize the input signal in a telecommunication network under the condition for reducing a transitional component of the phase error

The process of rendering the new types of telecommunication services due to the rapid growth of traffic has predetermined a significant increase in the need for information flows in telecommunication networks. That has led to a situation when existing telecommunication networks proved to be incapable or came to the limit of their capacity to serve subscribers at the predefined indicators of service quality. DESIGNING A SYSTEM TO SYNCHRONIZE THE INPUT SIGNAL IN A TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK UNDER THE CONDITION FOR REDUCING A TRANSITIONAL COMPONENT OF THE PHASE ERROR
Barriers to access and utilization of healthcare by children with neurological impairments and disability in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Background: Neurological impairments (NI) and disability are common among survivors of childhood mortality in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We conducted a systematic review to examine the barriers limiting access and utilization of biomedical care by children and adolescents with NI in LMICs. Methods: We searched PubMed, Latin America and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Global Index Medicus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 01/01/1990 and 14/11/2019 to identify relevant studies. We included all reports on barriers limiting access and utilization of preventive, curative, and rehabilitative care for children aged 0-19 years with NI in five domains: epilepsy, and cognitive, auditory, visual, and motor function impairment. Data from primary studies were synthesized using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, and we report a synthesized analysis of the barriers identified in the primary studies. Results: Our literature searches identified 3,074 reports of which 16 were included in the final analysis. Fourteen studies (87.5%) originated from rural settings in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Factors limiting access and utilization of healthcare services in >50% of the studies were: financial constraints (N=15, 93.8%), geographical inaccessibility (N=11, 68.8%), inadequate healthcare resources (N=11, 68.8%), inadequate education/awareness (N=9, 56.3%), and prohibitive culture/beliefs (N=9, 56.3%). Factors reported in <50% of the studies related to the attitude of the patient, health worker, or society (N=7, 43.8%), poor doctor-patient communication (N=5, 31.3%), physical inaccessibility (N=3, 18.8%), and a lack of confidentiality for personal information (N=2, 12.5%). Very few reports were identified from outside Africa preventing a statistical analysis by continent and economic level. Conclusions: Financial constraints, geographic inaccessibility, and inadequate healthcare resources were the most common barriers limiting access and utilization of healthcare services by children with NI in LMICs. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020165296 (28/04/2020).
Brazilian ethanol as an alternative to vehicular electrification to achieve COP21 targets

Brazil is one of the largest producers of biofuels in the world and the only country to have a vehicle fleet with more than 60% of flex fuel cars of the total number of vehicles, which is possible to use gasoline and / or ethanol [1]. This places Brazil in a leading position in the initiatives to reduce greenhouse gases, to be corroborated by the carbon intensity of the Brazilian vehicular matrix of vehicles that is already low (74.25 g CO2eq / MJ well to wheel) when compared to most other countries. And this value can reach even lower levels of about 20.79 g CO2eq / MJ if a use of hydrous ethanol (94%) is considered [2]. However, today there is a worldwide trend towards vehicular electrification from the use of lithium and cobalt batteries and external power generation, which is often mistakenly adopted without assessing the context and the natural vocation of each country. Therefore, in order to support the development of future technologies of the automotive and energy industry, the present study aims to present and discuss the motivations of Brazil for the maintenance and expansion of policies to encourage biofuels versus the alternatives of vehicular electrification adopted in the countries developed to mitigate the effects of greenhouse gases (GHG). Key-words: Ethanol. Biofuels. Electrification. Greenhouse Gases (GHG).
Concord begets concord: A Bayesian model of nominal concord typology

Nominal concord is a phenomenon whereby nominal modifiers (e.g., adjectives, demonstratives, numerals) agree with their nominals along various dimensions (e.g., gender, number, case, definiteness). Here, drawing on a rich and typologically diverse database of nominal concord (Norris 2020), we build a Bayesian mixed effect model of nominal concord. Specifically, we consider two competing hypotheses regarding the statistical relationship between different types of concord within a language: (1) concord begets concord : the presence of some type of concord in a language makes it more likely that it has other types of concord vs. (2) a little concord goes a long way : if a language has some kind of concord, it is less likely to have other types of concord. We present evidence strongly in favor of the first hypothesis, that concord begets concord. Languages with nominal concord tend to have concord in more than one place and of more than one type. Using posterior draws from our model, we also provide quantitative evidence for a number of the tendencies described by Norris (2019a). Future work will build on this model to understand the functional role of nominal concord in language systems, how it evolves, and how it co-evolves with other typological features.
Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI)-Mini review

In America, more than two million annual emergency department visits and 289,000 annual hospitalizations present with traumatic brain injury (TBI) [1]. Whereas in New Zealand (NZ), it is estimated that 35,000 head injuries occur per year of which 21% of head injuries are sustained from sports such as rugby, cycling and equestrian [2]. Ethnic disparities and rural populations have also been reported to present with higher TBI incidences. For example, NZ Maori had a 1.23 greater relative risk of mild TBI compared to European [3]. Rural population have a 2·5 times greater risk than urban population for developing TBI (73 versus 31 per 100 000 person-years) [3]. Peak ages for TBI are between 0-4 and 15-24 years of age, with males at greater risk of injury than females [4].
Artistic Performance of Open Source Software

: Science and technology communication is important to recruit young students to scientiﬁc studies and to increase awareness of technology issues among citizens and decision makers. Software science and technology communication poses speciﬁc challenges as software is by its nature not tangible and not visible. Our argument is that Science in Society events which gather artists, developers, researchers, and citizens around an Open Source Software project, are eﬀective for both communicating open source software issues to a broad audience and for collecting open documentation that has both research and artistic value. This paper examines four projects that have been designed according to a combination of both practical and research goals. For each of these projects, one or more artists played a signiﬁcant role. Moreover, we collected open documentation and published it on blogs and other open platforms. Retrospectively, we drew on performativity theory to reﬂect on the research questions that guided our study. The analysis of the collected data lead to our results. Our results suggest a model based on: 1) a stakeholder model for Open Source Software events where stakeholders are artists, developers, researchers, and citizens; 2) an open documentation model for Open Source Software events where documentation consists of a patchwork of words, still and moving images, music and sound, and digital code.
SIMBIoTA: Similarity-based Malware Detection on IoT Devices

Embedded devices connected to the Internet are threatened by malware, and currently, no antivirus product is available for them. We present SIMBIoTA, a new approach for detecting malware on such IoT devices. SIMBIoTA relies on similarity-based malware detection, and it has a number of notable advantages: moderate storage requirements on resource constrained IoT devices, a fast and lightweight malware detection process, and a surprisingly good detection performance, even for new, never-before-seen malware. These features make SIMBIoTA a viable antivirus solution for IoT devices, with competitive detection performance and limited resource requirements.
Evaluation of Rapid Prototyping of Orthosis during the Design Process: Analysis of Verification Models

Accessing physical prototypes is possible to test an idea quickly with models that look like the final product. Rapid Prototyping (RP) based on additive or subtractive technology permit to conduct trial tests of usability in order to avoid errors and failures before the final product production. Those technologies are increasingly in orthosis’s production. Ergonomics field involved in the design process with RP can facilitate usability tests providing comfort, safety, and performance in the development of orthoses. The objective of this study is to review, accessing the specialized literature, the use of RP for prototypes’ production for user’s evaluation of orthoses. The results showed that the most common technique used was FDM. Half of the studies involved user’s participation or evaluation in the design processes, although, only three out of thirty-eight studies used RP to proof of concept’s production, indicating little use of proof-of-concepts models.
Revealing the effect of catalyst concentration on the process of fuel oil refining using the technology of aerosol nano catalysis

64 vacuum gasoil has been operating at the Lysychansk refinery since 2004. Oil refining techniques also include the process of hydrocracking (HC). Among the known techniques for the secondary processing of heavy oil fractions (fuel oil) is the process of visbreaking. This is the process for deriving boiler fuels from tar. In the absence of a visbreaking unit to produce commercial fuel oil, most of the gasoil is used as a diluent to ensure its viscosity characteristics. This process makes it possible to utilize gas-oil fractions sparingly, as well as to obtain commercial fuel oil (tar) of lower viscosity, as well as additional volumes of vacuum gas oil. Thus, a given process of oil refining contributes to increasing the depth of its processing at refineries. That reduces the production of fuel oil and increases the production of vacuum gas oil [7]. Industrial processing of heavy oil raw materials (fuel oil) is practically non-existent. The reason is the complexity of thermal and even catalytic conversion of fuel oil. Most refineries have a weighted oil residue sent to the production of tar and bitumen. However, this residue also contains
Texture-based Feature Extraction for COVID-19 Pneumonia Classification using Chest Radiography

INTRODUCTION: The identification of COVID-19 pneumonia using chest radiography is challenging. OBJECTIVES: We investigate classification models to differentiate COVID-19-based and typical pneumonia in chest radiography. METHODS: We use 136 segmented chest X-rays to train and evaluate the performance of support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), AdaBoost (AB), and logistic regression (LR) classification methods. We use the PyRadiomics to extract statistical texture-based features in the right, left, and in six lung zones. We use a stratified k-folds (k=5) cross-validation within the training dataset, selecting the most relevant features with validation accuracy and relative feature importance. RESULTS: The AB model seems to be the best discriminant method, using six lung zones (AUC = 0.98). CONCLUSION: Our study shows a predominance of radiomic texture-based features related to COVID-19 pneumonia within the right lung, with a tendency within the upper lung zone.
PROSPECTS FOR GENETIC RESOURCES REPRODUCTION OF THE MAIN FOREST-FORMING GYMNOSPERM SPECIES IN UKRAINE BY BREEDING IN VITRО

Effective breeding of the main forest-forming gymnosperm species of Ukraine (Pinus sylvestris L., Larix decidua Mill., Abies alba Mill. And Risea abies (L.) Karsten), which are of significant value for Forestry and Landscape Architecture, is a very important task. The solution to this task may be the use of modern methods of reproduction, namely in vitro micro-cloning. Decontamination of explants was conducted applying the following sterilizing agents in different concentrations and in different combinations: tap water (H2O) with a detergent; Medical ethanol (C2H5OH); sodium hypochlorite (NaClO); silver nitrate (AgNO3). To prevent internal infections, a 0.1% "Imaninum" antibiotic was applied. To initiate explants, the following nutrient media were used: Murashige and Skoog (MS), Risser and White (RW) and Litvay (LM), which were modified with phytohormones: 2,4-D; NАА; IВА and BAP. Rooting of the obtained clones was performed on 1/2 MS and 1/2 LM media, supplemented with auxin (2,4-D; NАА IАА and the IВА). Adaptation of clones to ex vitro conditions was exercised in the sod soil and sand (1: 1) and sod soil with peat and sand (1: 1: 1). The following sterilization results were observed in: Pinus sylvestris L. – 98, Larix decidua Mill. – 96 Abies alba Mill. – 98 and Risea abies (L.) Karsten – 97 % of aseptic explants. The proper selection of nutrient medium resulted in high initiation of: Pinus sylvestris L. – 92, Larix decidua Mill. – 95 Abies alba Mill. – 94 and Risea abies (L.) Karsten – 95%. The importance of the auxin and cytokinin presence in the medium at this stage should be noted. Rhizogenesis results of the study species are as follows: Pinus sylvestris L. – 86, Larix decidua Mill. – 91 Abies alba Mill. – 93 and Risea abies (L.) Karsten – 89%. It is established that injection of IАA to the medium is necessary, since the number of rooted clones was only increasing during all scenarios. The largest number of adapted clones was observed on the substrate of sod soil with peat and sand, except for the plant-regenerants of Larix decidua, where the substrate of the sod soil and sand had given a better result. Application of in vitro breeding for the study species is very promising, since satisfactory results were obtained at all stages. A further study of cultivation phase is necessary, since it will enable to determine the rate and stage of adaptation to in vivo conditions.
A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques

- Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that is used to analyze large set of data. Machine learning approach is a statistical approach on learning more about a raw data set. When considering the existing systems in the world, there is a huge output of data which are not well analyzed. The use of machine learning techniques provide a way of analyzing a huge data set in order to find patterns and relationships among different entities which cannot be observed without advanced analyzing techniques. In this paper, the machine learning techniques that will be considered include; Box-Jenkins method, artificial neural network (ANN) technique, and Kalman technique. Each technique will be implemented using python, and the results obtained using the mentioned methods will be compared. This paper explores the application of effective machine learning to overcome challenges associated with data analysis and demonstrates how machine learning techniques have contributed and are contributing to research in machine learning.
Berberine alleviates lipid metabolism disorders via inhibition of mitochondrial complex I in gut and liver

This study is to investigate the relationship between berberine (BBR) and mitochondrial complex I in lipid metabolism. BBR reversed high-fat diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in mice. Fatty acid consumption, β-oxidation and lipogenesis were attenuated in liver after BBR treatment which may be through reduction in SCD1, FABP1, CD36 and CPT1A. BBR promoted fecal lipid excretion, which may result from the reduction in intestinal CD36 and SCD1. Moreover, BBR inhibited mitochondrial complex I-dependent oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis of liver and gut, but no impact on activities of complex II, III and IV. BBR ameliorated mitochondrial swelling, facilitated mitochondrial fusion, and reduced mtDNA and citrate synthase activity. BBR decreased the abundance and diversity of gut microbiome. However, no change in metabolism of recipient mice was observed after fecal microbiota transplantation from BBR treated mice. In primary hepatocytes, BBR and AMPK activator A769662 normalized oleic acid-induced lipid deposition. Although both the agents activated AMPK, BBR decreased oxygen consumption whereas A769662 increased it. Collectively, these findings indicated that BBR repressed complex I in gut and liver and consequently inhibited lipid metabolism which led to alleviation of obesity and fatty liver. This process was independent of intestinal bacteria.
Unconventional Sulfur Chemistries for Macromolecular Syntheses

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Abstract Sulfur-based reactions play an increasing role in macromolecular syntheses. The present article focuses on recent work from this laboratory that has led to advances in several areas of the field of sulfur chemistry for the synthesis of macromolecular structures with various topologies ranging from linear to networks. Two different classes of photopolymerizations, namely radical and cationic photopolymerizations can be initiated by sulfur-based thioxanthone and triaryl sulfonium salts, respectively. Also described is the structural variation that may affect the spectral sensitivity and efficiency in the related photopolymerizations. An independent part of the article consists of a bird's eye view of various modification processes of polythiophenes. A special emphasis is devoted to the incorporation of polypeptides into these sulfur-based conjugated polymers and their biosensing applications. Thiol-ene chemistry is also discussed in terms of its effect and utilization for the synthesis of telechelic polymers and star copolymers. Finally, recently developed thiol-benzoxazine chemistry offering a facile and an efficient route to exploring the many possibilities in macromolecular synthesis is described.
MODIFICATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF InSe⟨β-CD⟨FeSO4⟩⟩ CLATHRATE/CAVITATE COMPLEXES WITH HIERARCHICAL ARCHITECTURE AT THEIR SYNTHESIS IN CROSSED ELECTRIC AND LIGHT-WAVE FIELDS

A new technological approach is proposed for the synthesis of multilayered nanostructures, which provides them unique properties and extraordinary prospects of practical applications. In particular, the synthesis of the InSe⟨β-CD⟨FeSO4⟩⟩ nanostructure with hierarchical architecture in crossed electric and light-wave fields is shown to result in the abnormally strong positive magnetoresistance effect with giant magnetoresistance oscillations in a low-frequency interval of 10−3–10 Hz. The efficiency of applying the synthesized nanohybrid as an active element in gyrator-free delay nanolines controlled by the magnetic field and in magnetic-field sensors that are supersensitive at room temperatures is substantiated.
Predicting Continuous Vowel Spaces in the Wilderness

We aim to model the acoustic vowel spaces of 24 diverse languages—a subset taken from the CMU Wilderness corpus of Bible recordings. With this model, we test hypotheses from phonological typology. We also expand upon previous work that used formant measurements taken by field linguists, and we use automatic tools to align and extract vowel segments in large-scale recorded speech. This work in progress is at the stage where data has been carefully processed, just prior to implementation of the model.