Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
De novo bone formation after the sinus lift procedure.

BACKGROUND The primary objective of this study is to use histomorphometric techniques to evaluate the concept that the new bone formed in the maxillary sinus lift procedure emanates from the endosteum of the sinus floor. In addition, the effect of the residual crest vertical dimension on the graft outcome and assessment of osteoclast numbers as an indirect measure of a connection between the crest and graft compartment are reported. METHODS After grafting the maxillary sinus with irradiated allogenic bone, 37 intact, vertical bone cores with a 2.7 mm diameter were trephined at right angles to the alveolar crest. Quantitative measures were derived from a histomorphometric analysis of new bone and residual graft particles at contiguous zones along the long axis of the cores. Mean and median data were analyzed for associations with the distance from the sinus floor, dimensions of the residual crest, and other descriptive variables. A parallel series of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-stained sections were evaluated for osteoclast counts. RESULTS Mean new bone formation ranged from 24.3% to 30.2%. A statistically significant gradient of graft-particle area combined with this uniform distribution of new bone resulted in a false impression of less consolidation with the distance from the floor. There was no significant relationship between the distance from the sinus floor or dimension of the residual crest and the graft result. Mean osteoclast counts revealed a statistically significant difference (P <0.001) between the residual crest and the graft compartment with increased counts in the graft. CONCLUSIONS Histologically, the process of new bone formation resembled a combination of de novo appositional and intramembraneous ossification. The findings suggested a passive role for the graft material and implicated the ingrowth of vascular and perivascular tissues as the most logical source of osteogenic capacity.
Relationship of Blood Lead Levels to Incident Nonspine Fractures and Falls in Older Women: The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures

Lead is stored in the skeleton and can serve as an endogenous source for many years. Lead may influence the risk of fracture, through direct effects on bone strength or indirectly by disturbing neuromuscular function and increasing the risk of falls. The objective of this analysis is to test the hypothesis that women with higher blood lead levels experience higher rates of falls and fracture. This was a prospective cohort study of 533 women 65–87 yr of age enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures at two U.S. research centers (Baltimore, MD; Monongahela Valley, PA) from 1986 to 1988. Blood lead levels (in μg/dl) were measured in 1990–1991 by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and classified as “low” (≤3; lower 15th percentile, referent); “medium” (4–7); or “high” (≥8; upper 15th percentile). Total hip BMD was measured by DXA twice, 3.55 yr apart. Information on falls was collected every 4 mo for 4 yr. Incident nonspine fractures were identified and confirmed over 10 yr. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of fracture. Generalized estimating equations were used to calculate the incident rate ratio of falls (95% CI). The mean blood lead level was 5.3 ± 2.3 (SD) μg/dl (range, 1–21 μg/dl). Baseline BMD was 7% lower in total hip and 5% lower in femoral neck in the highest compared with lowest blood lead group (p < 0.02). Hip bone loss tended to be greater in the high lead group, but differences were not significant. In multivariable adjusted models, women with high blood lead levels had an increased risk of nonspine fracture (HR = 2.50; 95% CI = 1.25, 5.03; p trend = 0.016) and higher risk of falls (incident rate ratio = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.07, 2.45; p trend = 0.014) compared with women with lowest lead level. Blood lead levels are associated with an increased risk of falls and fractures, extending the negative health consequences of lead to include osteoporotic fractures.
Extraction socket preservation graft before implant placement with calcium sulfate hemihydrate and platelet-rich plasma: a clinical and histomorphometric study in humans.

BACKGROUND The aim of this investigation is to evaluate clinical and histologic outcome of using medical-grade calcium sulfate hemihydrate (MGCSH) mixed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for extraction socket preservation graft before implant placement. METHODS This study is a single-site, randomized and controlled investigation. Sixteen patients with a non-restorable tooth requiring extraction followed by implant placement were enrolled in this study. After extraction of a tooth, eight selected patients randomly received MGCSH mixed with PRP in the extraction sockets (test group), and eight selected patients randomly received collagen resorbable plug dressing material (control group). At the time of extraction and 3 months later (at implant placement surgery), vertical and horizontal socket dimensions were measured. Bone core samples were retrieved from the center of the healed socket before implant placement for histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups based on histomorphometric analysis (P <0.05). New vital bone percentage regenerated after 3 months of healing was 66.5% ± 10.4% in sockets grafted with MGCSH mixed with PRP compared to 38.3% ± 9.3% collagen resorbable plug. There was no statistically significant difference in the amount of vertical and horizontal bone resorption (P >0.05) between groups. In all cases but two in the control group, implants were placed with primary stability. CONCLUSION MGCSH mixed with PRP showed greater vital bone volume at 3 months with rapid enhancement of bone healing compared to PRP-free collagen resorbable graft.
Effectiveness of systemic amoxicillin/metronidazole as an adjunctive therapy to full-mouth scaling and root planing in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND The systemic use of combined amoxicillin and metronidazole (AMX/MET) as an adjunctive treatment to full-mouth scaling and root planing (FMSRP) has been proposed for the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis; however, its effectiveness and clinical safety remain to be defined. The purpose of the present meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of FMSRP + AMX/MET compared to FMSRP alone. METHODS An electronic search of eight databases and a hand-search of 10 international dental journals were conducted through September 11, 2011. Gain in clinical attachment level (CAL), reduction in probing depth (PD), secondary outcomes, and adverse events were analyzed. A random-effect model was used to pool the extracted data. The weighted mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for continuous outcomes, whereas risk difference (RD) with 95% CI was used for dichotomous data; heterogeneity was assessed with the χ(2)-based Cochran Q test and I(2) statistic. The level of significance was set at P <0.05. RESULTS After the selection process, six randomized clinical trials were included. Results of the meta-analysis showed significant CAL gain (MD, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.61; P <0.05) and PD reduction (MD, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.77; P <0.05) in favor of FMSRP + AMX/MET; moreover, no significant RD was found in the occurrence of adverse events (RD, 0.01; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.04; P >0.05). CONCLUSION The findings of the meta-analysis seem to support the effectiveness and the clinical safety of FMSRP + AMX/MET; however, future studies are needed to confirm these results.
Dose‐Dependent Effects of Runx2 on Bone Development

Runx2 controls the commitment of mesenchymal cells to the osteoblastic lineage. Distinct promoters, designated P1 and P2, give rise to functionally similar Runx2‐II and Runx2‐I isoforms. We postulate that this dual promoter gene structure permits temporal and spatial adjustments in the amount of Runx2 isoforms necessary for optimal bone development. To evaluate the gene dose‐dependent effect of Runx2 isoforms on bone development, we intercrossed selective Runx2‐II+/− with nonselective Runx2‐II+/−/Runx2‐I+/− mice to create compound mutant mice: Runx2‐II+/−, Runx2‐II+/−/Runx2‐I+/−, Runx2‐II−/−, Runx2‐II−/−/Runx2‐I+/−, Runx2‐II−/−/Runx2‐I−/−. Analysis of the different Runx2‐deficient genotypes showed gene dose‐dependent differences in the level of expression of the Runx2 isoforms. In addition, we found that Runx2‐I is predominately expressed in the perichondrium and proliferating chondrocytes, whereas Runx2‐II is expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes and metaphyseal osteoblasts. Newborn mice showed impaired development of a mineralized skeleton, bone length, and widening of the hypertrophic zone that were proportionate to the reduction in total Runx2 protein expression. Osteoblast differentiation ex vivo was also proportionate to total amount of Runx2 expression that correlated with reduced Runx2 binding to the osteocalcin promoter by quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. Functional analysis of P1 and P2 promoters showed differential regulation of the two promoters in osteoblastic cell lines. These findings support the possibility that the total amount of Runx2 derived from two isoforms and the P1 and P2 promoters, by regulating the time, place, and amount of Runx2 in response to changing environmental cues, impacts on bone development.
Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis owing to WTX gene defect

Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OSCS) is an X‐linked dominant condition marked by linear striations mainly affecting the metaphyseal region of the long bones and pelvis in combination with cranial sclerosis. Recently, the disease‐causing gene was identified as the WTX gene (FAM123B), an inhibitor of WNT signaling. A correlation was suggested between the position of the mutation and male lethality. We performed genotype and phenotype studies using 18 patients from eight families with possible WTX gene defects and expanded the clinical spectrum of the affected females. All investigated families diagnosed with OSCS had WTX gene defects. One family had a WTX gene deletion; three of four point mutations were novel. The earlier reported WTX c.1072C>T was detected in four sporadic patients and appears to be a hotspot for mutations. Based on the nature of the mutation present in a surviving male patient, our data do not support the hypothesis raised by Jenkins et al. (2009) regarding a genotype‐phenotype correlation for male lethality. The finding of a gene involved in WNT signaling as the cause of this sclerosing bone phenotype is not unexpected, but further functional studies are needed to explain the specific features. The WTX gene is mutated in different types of cancer, and it remains to be explained why osteopathia striata patients appear not to have an increased risk of cancer. Copyright © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Circulating fibronectin affects bone matrix, whereas osteoblast fibronectin modulates osteoblast function

The bone matrix is composed mostly of collagen, but the initial and continuous presence of fibronectin was found to be crucial for collagen matrix integrity in vitro. It has been assumed that osteoblasts produce the fibronectin required for bone matrix formation. Using transgenic mice, we conditionally deleted fibronectin in the osteoblasts and in the liver using the cre‐loxP system. We also used mice with mutated fibronectin and conditionally deleted β1‐integrin in osteoblasts to identify the receptor involved in fibronectin effects on osteoblasts. Conditional deletion of fibronectin in the differentiating osteoblasts [using the 2.3 kb collagen‐α1(I) promoter] failed to show a decrease in fibronectin amount in the bone matrix despite evidence of successful deletion. Using these mice we established that osteoblast‐derived fibronectin solely affects osteoblast function. This effect was not mediated by integrins that bind to the RGD motif. Conditional deletion of fibronectin in the liver showed a marked decrease in fibronectin content in the matrix associated with decreased mineral‐to‐matrix ratio and changed biomechanical properties but had no effect on osteoblasts or osteoclasts. In conclusion, osteoblast fibronectin affects osteoblasts function. This does not seem to be mediated by the RGD motif on fibronectin. In contrast, liver‐derived fibronectin affects bone matrix properties without affecting osteoblast or osteoclast function. A novel role for liver‐derived circulating fibronectin thus was defined and delineated from that of locally produced fibronectin. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
BODY POSTURES AND ASYMMETRIES IN FRONTAL AND TRANSVERSE PLANES IN THE TRUNK AREA IN TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS

The aim of this research was to assess the body posture within the trunk area in table tennis players and to estimate the correlations between the specific body posture types, their asymmetries and table tennis practice (training experience). To evaluate body posture the photogrammetric method based on the Moire phenomenon with equipment by CQ Electronic was applied. Tests of significance of difference and correlation were used to estimate the correlation of the observed asymmetries with the training experience. 40 table tennis players and 43 subjects not practising sports participated in the research. The analysis of the results revealed that table tennis players, unlike non-players, are characterized by kyphotic body posture. It probably results from a specific trunk, head and limb position during table tennis matches. Thus, many asymmetries in frontal and transverse planes were observed in the examined table tennis players. Perhaps table tennis, which is characterized by intensive and one-sided trunk muscle work during its performance, is in favour of creating asymmetries. The majority of subjects did not reveal any statistically significant correlations between the observed body posture types, their asymmetries and training experience. However, it was observed that training experience is significantly related to the considerable asymmetry of the inclination angle of shoulder line (KLB). It may result from the negative influence of very intensive, one-sided work and constant work of the shoulder girdle muscles of the playing limb with negligence of exercises of the second limb.
Perturbation and Lethality as Precursors of Suicide in a Gifted Group

ABSTRACT: Thirty cases, for whom longitudinal personality data were available from 1921 to 1960, were analyzed. All the cases were Caucasian males with high I.Q. 's. Five individuals had committed suicide (all by gunshot), 10 (matched) individuals had died natural deaths from cancer or heart disease, and 15 were still living. A blind clinical analysis was conducted primarily in terms of two guiding concepts, perturbation and lethality, by means of a Meyerian “life chart” and a “psychological autopsy,” respectively. The results indicated that four of the five cases deemed to be most suicidal had, in fact, committed suicide—a chance probability of 1 out of 1,131. The prodromal clues—instability, trauma, and personality controls—are discussed. The role of the “significant other” and the “burning‐out” of affect seem to be paramount. Suicide is seen as a discernible part of a life style and as a predictable outcome, in a person of 50, by the time that individual is 30 years old.
Analysis of right atrial function in obese pediatric patients.

Background : Left atrial enlargement and right and left ventricular dysfunction have been described in obese Patients. A number of studies have also described atrial dysfunction in obese children and adolescents. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate right atrial dysfunction in obese pediatric patients and Compare echocardiography findings between these patients and non-obese controls. Methods : Doppler echocardiography was performed on 50 obese pediatric patients (mean BMI=29.8 kg/m2) and 46 lean healthy controls. Systolic and diastolic function in both ventricles was investigated through conventional Doppler echocardiography. Right atrial function was evaluated using Color Doppler Myocardial Imaging (CDMI). Results: No differences were detected between groups with regard to left ventricular ejection fraction. The S wave of the free Wall of the right ventricle was similar in both groups (13.8 ± 1.7 vs. 13.7 ± 1.6, p=0.655). The e’/A’ ratio in the right Ventricle was significantly lower in the obese patients (0.9 ± 0.4 vs.1.2 ± 0.3, p=0.007). CDMI analysis of the right atrium and inter-atrial septum showed significantly lower, strain and strain rate in obese patients (82.6 ± 29.8 vs. 98.6 ± 38.7, p=0.020; 3.9 ± 1.0 vs. 4.4 ± 1.2, p<0.001; 50.9 ± 25.0 vs. 81.1 ± 21.6, p<0.001; and 2.2 ± 1.0 vs. 3.3 ± 0.8, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest incipient right atrial dysfunction, which may be secondary to an incipient impairment of myocardial relaxation in the right ventricle in obese children (BMI above 95th percentile).
Obesity and Hyperlipidemia Modulate Alveolar Bone Loss in Wistar Rats.

BACKGROUND A positive association between obesity-associated metabolic disorders (e.g., hyperlipidemia and diabetes) and periodontitis has been demonstrated in the literature. This study evaluates the role of cafeteria diet-induced obesity/hyperlipidemia (CAF) on alveolar bone loss (ABL) in rats. METHODS Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided in four groups: control, periodontitis (PERIO), obesity/hyperlipidemia (CAF), and obesity/hyperlipidemia plus periodontitis (CAF+PERIO). Groups CAF and CAF+PERIO were exposed to a high-fat, hypercaloric diet. At week 12, periodontal disease was induced in groups PERIO and CAF+PERIO by ligatures in the upper second molar. The contralateral tooth was considered the intragroup control. Body weight and Lee index were evaluated weekly during the experiment. Serum glucose and cholesterol/triglycerides in the liver were evaluated, and percentage of ABL was measured by microcomputed tomography. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at week 17. RESULTS Body weight, Lee index, and cholesterol/triglycerides in the liver increased in groups exposed to the cafeteria diet. Groups PERIO and CAF+PERIO exhibited a significantly higher ABL compared to control and CAF groups. The presence of obesity and hyperlipidemia significantly increased ABL in the CAF+PERIO group compared to the PERIO group (53.60 ± 3.44 versus 42.78 ± 7.27, respectively) in the sides with ligature. Groups exposed to CAF exhibited higher ABL in the sides without ligature. No differences were observed among groups for IL-1β and TNF-α. CONCLUSION Obesity and hyperlipidemia modulate the host response to challenges in the periodontium, increasing the expression of periodontal breakdown.
Sizing Techniques applied to Network Capacity Planning

Network capacity planning is a big issue in Communications Service Providers (CSP) because it involves big annual investments mainly in the access networks, and the methods of forecasting the growth of the average or peak usage are strongly based on measurements. In this work we present a comparison between two methods of forecasting, in order to make better predictions about the network usage: one from the classical time series analysis (ARIMA) and one with long short-term memory recurrent neural networks approach (LSTM RNN). Based on real data from a network within 2.2 M of broadband users, we present some results about costs, benefits, trade-offs and difficulties encountered in addressing these approaches.
Drug-Related Visits to the Emergency Department

Over the past few years, several published reports have addressed the problem of drug-related morbidity in various practice settings. Studies evaluating drug-related hospitalization have estimated that approximately 5% to 10% of all hospital admissions are drug related. Unfortunately, many of these studies have excluded patients seeking medical attention in the emergency department (ED) but not requiring hospital admission. Drug-related visits to the emergency department are a significant problem and contribute to overall pressures on our current health care system. Despite the limited information published regarding drug-related ED visits, several studies describe the impact of this issue. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature pertaining to the incidence, classification, severity, preventability, and economic impact of drug-related visits to the emergency department.
Factors affecting equine hoof horn growth rate and quality

Robert Eustace graduated from Liverpool University in 1977. He spent nine years in equine practice in the UK, Eire and Australia before returning to Leahurst as a lecturer in equine studies, where he gained certificate qualifications in equine practice and orthopaedics. In 1993 he was awarded the diploma of fellowship of the RCVS for his thesis 'Radiological measurements involved in the prognosis of equine laminitis'. He now runs an equine lameness referral clinic in Wiltshire from purpose-built premises. POOR hoof horn generally manifests clinically as hoof cracks, brittle feet, inability to retain shoes for a normal five-week shoeing interval, thin soles with chronic bruising or abscessation, collapsed heels, a 'pottering' gait on hard going and reluctance to stride out. These problems, if long-standing, can lead to a misdiagnosis of navicular disease when insufficient care has been taken in identifying the source of lameness. Alternatively, poor quality horn which cannot protect against concussion can lead to demineralisation changes around the periphery of the distal phalanx, a condition sometimes described as pedal osteitis. The four factors which influence the quality of hoof horn in horses are: * Heredity * Diet * Environment * Farriery
Short-term insulin intensive therapy decreases MCP-1 and NF-κB expression of peripheral blood monocyte and the serum MCP-1 concentration in newlydiagnosed type 2 diabetics

ABSTRACT Objective To observe the effect of short-term insulin intensive treatment on the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as well as on the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression of peripheral blood monocyte. This is also in addition to observing the serum MCP-1 level in newlydiagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and probing its anti-inflammation effects. Subjects and methods Twenty newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were treated with an insulin intensive treatment for 2 weeks. MCP-1 and NF-κB expression on the monocyte surface were measured with flow cytometry, the serum MCP-1 level was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) during pretreatment and post-treatment. Results After 2 weeks of the treatment, MCP-1 and NF-κB protein expression of peripheral blood monocyte and serum MCP-1 levels decreased significantly compared with those of pre-treatment, which were (0.50 ± 0.18)% vs (0.89 ± 0.26)% (12.22 ± 2.80)% vs (15.53 ± 2.49)% and (44.53 ± 3.97) pg/mL vs (49.53 ± 3.47) pg/mL, respectively (P < 0.01). The MCP-1 expression on monocyte surface had a significant positive relationship with serum MCP-1 levels (r = 0.47, P < 0.01). Conclusions Short-term insulin intensive therapy plays a role in alleviating the increased inflammation reaction in type 2 diabetics.