Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subpolar Southern Ocean response to changes in the surface momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes under 2xCO2

<ul><li>The subpolar Southern Ocean (sSO) around Antarctica has fundamental climate importance. The densest water mass in the global ocean, Antarctica Bottom Water (AABW), originates in the sSO and supplies the lower limb of the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC), occupying about 36% of the ocean&#8217;s volume. However, climate models struggle to represent the processes involved in formation of AABW on the continental shelf, resulting in large differences between models and observations and a wide spread in projections of sea level and other properties. We explore the source of these persistent model biases by examining the response of the sSO to perturbations in surface forcing. Using an ocean-sea ice model (ACCESS-OM2) that forms AABW both on the shelf and in open-ocean (similar to other coarse resolution models), we investigate the sSO response to individual and combined perturbations of surface heat, freshwater and momentum fluxes following the &#160;FAFMIP-protocol. The wind perturbation (i.e. a poleward shift and intensification of the Southern Ocean Westerlies) has the dominant effect, enhancing AABW formation and accelerating the MOC. This occurs through upwelling of warm waters and inhibition of sea-ice growth during winter, which triggers large open-ocean polynya events with associated deep convection. These events occur in the Weddell and Ross Seas and their variability is associated with the heat available at mid-depth; open-ocean polynyas cease when the&#160;heat reservoir is depleted. The effects of surface warming and freshening only partially compensate the changes due to wind by increasing the ocean&#160;stratification and reducing AABW formation. These results are relevant for the interpretation of climate change projections, suggesting that other coarse &#160;models might respond in similar way and present an opposite trend than those seen from observations. </li> </ul>
A Review on Medical Image Super Resolution with Application of Deep Learning

Super resolution problems are often discussed in medical imaging. The spatial resolution of medical images is insufficient due to limitations such as image acquisition time, low radiation dose or hardware limitations. Various super-resolution methods have been proposed to solve these problems, such as optimization or learning-based approaches. Recently, deep learning methodologies have become a thriving technology and are evolving at an exponential rate. We believe we need to write a review to illustrate the current state of deep learning in super-resolution medical imaging. In this article, we provide an overview of image resolution and the deep learning introduced in super resolution. This document describes super resolution for single images versus super resolution for multiple images, evaluation metrics and loss functions.
Duplicated Network Meta-analysis: a Case Study and Recommendations for Change

BackgroundResearch overlap and duplication is a recognised problem in the context of both pairwise and network systematic reviews. We carried out a systematic review to identify and examine duplicated Network Meta-Analyses (NMAs) in a specific disease setting where several novel therapies have recently emerged: hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer (mHSPC). MethodsMEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched for indirect or mixed treatment comparisons or network meta-analyses of systemic treatments in the mHSPC setting, with a time-to-event outcome reported on the hazard-ratio scale. Eligibility decisions were made, and data extraction performed, by two independent reviewers.ResultsA total of 13 eligible reviews were identified, analysing between 3 and 8 randomised comparisons, and comprising between 1,773 and 7,844 individual patients. Although the included trials and treatments showed a high degree of overlap, we observed considerable variation between identified reviews in terms of review aims, eligibility criteria and included data, statistical methodology, reporting and inference. Furthermore, crucial methodological details and specific source data were often unclear.Conclusions and RecommendationsVariation across duplicated NMAs, together with reporting inadequacies, may compromise identification of best-performing treatments. We recommend that review protocols be published in advance, with greater clarity regarding the unique aims or scope of the project. Source data and results should be clearly and completely presented to allow unbiased interpretation. Review authors should be fully knowledgeable of their subject, both in terms of relevant studies and of other reviews with potential for overlap or duplication; and should re-evaluate their knowledge throughout the research process, particularly in fast-moving fields.
Evaluation of the Probiotic Mixture and Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate Supplementation on Intestinal Health of Clostridium perfringens Induced Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens

Necrotic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens is one of the most important bacterial diseases of poultry which is sporadic in nature and has been reported from most parts of the world (Timbermont et al., 2011). This disease usually occurs in broiler chickens of 2–6 weeks and in layers of 12–24 weeks of age. The disease occurs when high numbers of bacteria coincide with a damaged intestinal mucosa. Clostridium perfringens produces many minor toxins and the most important are β2 and enterotoxin (Van Immerseel et al., 2004). Necrotic enteritis in poultry could be controlled by supplementation of infeed antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) and ionophores International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 02 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Jute and Mesta Stick Charcoal Production using Smokeless Fire in Kon-Tiki-Kiln, an Open Earth Pyrolysis Process

Biochar (BC) is the carbon-rich recalcitrant material produced by the pyrolysis of biomass i.e. heating in the partial or complete absence of oxygen. Biochar amendment to soils acts as a carbon sequestration technique which can also enhance soil fertility (Lehmann et al., 2007). Agronomic benefits of biocharamended soils can be the result of improved soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, permeability, aggregation), biological properties (improved environment for microbial populations such as mycorrhizae) and chemical properties (pH, CEC and nutrient retention capacity). The most commonly used feedstock to produce biochar is agricultural waste, such as corn, rice, fruit peels, and wood from forests. In addition, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 02 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Simulated gastrointestinal digestion and in vitro colonic fermentation of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seed polyphenols

Summary Date seeds are a by-product of date fruit industry and a rich source of polyphenols. In this study, in vitro bioaccessibility and colonic fermentation of major polyphenols from date seed powder (DSP) and DSP-fortified yoghurt (DSPY) were investigated using HPLC. Catechin, epicatechin and procyanidin A2, B1 and B2 were stable during simulated gastric and sequential intestinal digestion. Bioaccessibility was significantly (P < 0.05) higher for all compounds from DSPY compared with DSP. After in vitro colonic fermentation of insoluble digestion materials, most of the target compounds were metabolised by faecal bacteria to ferulic acid, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid. DSPY contained significantly (P < 0.05) higher level of free polyphenols as indicated by higher bioaccessibility; however, the stability of the polyphenols and their fermentation products from DSPY were similar to that of DSP alone. These data would be useful in product developments incorporating DSP as a source of polyphenols in food products.
Research on Face Recognition Algorithm Based on Improved Residual Neural Network

The residual neural network is prone to two problems when it is used in the process of face recognition: the first is "overfitting", and the other is the slow or non-convergence problem of the loss function of the network in the later stage of training. In this paper, in order to solve the problem of "overfitting", this paper increases the number of training samples by adding Gaussian noise and salt and pepper noise to the original image to achieve the purpose of enhancing the data, and then we added "dropout" to the network, which can improve the generalization ability of the network. In addition, we have improved the loss function and optimization algorithm of the network. After analyzing the three loss functions of Softmax, center, and triplet, we consider their advantages and disadvantages, and propose a joint loss function. Then, for the optimization algorithm that is widely used through the network at present, that is the Adam algorithm, although its convergence speed is relatively fast, but the convergence results are not necessarily satisfactory. According to the characteristics of the sample iteration of the convolutional neural network during the training process, in this paper, the memory factor and momentum ideas are introduced into the Adam optimization algorithm. This can increase the speed of network convergence and improve the effect of convergence. Finally, this paper conducted simulation experiments on the data-enhanced ORL face database and Yale face database, which proved the feasibility of the method proposed in this paper. Finally, this paper compares the time-consuming and power consumption of network training before and after the improvement on the CMU_PIE database, and comprehensively analyzes their performance.
The effect of edaravone on a rat fracture model complicated with ischemia

Background/Aim: Ischemia is a common issue in fracture healing due to vascular injury, compartment syndrome, and long-term tourniquet use. With ischemia-reperfusion injury, normal tissue repair can become complicated. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effect of edaravone on fracture union in a rat fracture model complicated with ischemia. Methods: We conducted our study on forty-four rats divided into four study groups and a control group, as follows: Group 1- Fracture, Group 2- Fracture-ischemia, Group 3- Fracture-ischemia-edaravone, Group 4- Fracture-edaravone, and Group 5- Control group. The control group comprised the contralateral intact tibia of the rats in Group 1 that were not complicated with ischemia and were not given edaravone treatment. The effects of edaravone on fracture healing were evaluated histologically, radiologically, and biomechanically. Results: There were no differences between the groups in terms of biomechanical and radiological indices, except for hardness values in the control subjects (Group 5), which were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P<0.05 for all). Similarly, in terms of histological evaluations of fracture healing between groups, group 3 has better improvement fracture healing scores than group 2 (P=0.042), and Group 4 has better improvement fracture healing scores than group 1 (P=0.049). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the administration of edaravone, independent of ischemia, had positive results on histopathological fracture healing.
Molecular Analysis Revealed that Namibian Cheetahs (Acinonyx Jubatus) are definitive hosts of a so far undescribed Besnoitia species

Background: Besnoitia darlingi, B. neotomofelis and B. oryctofelisi are closely related coccidian parasites with felids as definitive hosts. These parasites use a variety of animal species as intermediate hosts. North American opossums (Didelphis virginiana), North American southern plains woodrats (Neotoma micropus) and South American domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) are intermediate hosts of B. darlingi, B. neotomofelis and B. oryctofelisi, respectively. Based on conserved regions in the Internal Transcribed Spacer-1 (ITS-1) sequence of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA), a real-time PCR for a sensitive detection of these Besnoitia spp. in tissues of intermediate hosts and faeces of definitive hosts has recently been established. Available sequence data suggest that species such as B. akodoni and B. jellisoni are also covered by this real-time PCR. It has been hypothesised that additional Besnoitia spp. exist worldwide, which are closely related to B. darlingi or B. darlingi-like parasites (B. neotomofelis, B. oryctofelisi, B. akodoni or B. jellisoni). Related but not closely related to these species is B. besnoiti, the cause of bovine besnoitiosis.Methods: Faecal samples from two free-ranging cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) from Namibia that had previously tested positive for coccidian parasites by coproscopy, were used for this study. A conventional PCR verified the presence of coccidian parasite DNA. To clarify the identity of these coccidia, the faecal DNA samples were further characterised by species-specific PCRs and Sanger sequencing.Results: One of the samples tested positive for B. darlingi or B. darlingi-like parasites by real-time PCR, while no other coccidian parasites including Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia hammondi, H. heydorni, B. besnoiti, and Neospora caninum were detected in the two samples. The rDNA of the B. darlingi-like parasite was amplified and partially sequenced. Comparison with existing sequences in GenBank revealed a close relationship to other Besnoitia spp. , but showed also clear divergences. Conclusions: Our results suggest that a so far unknown Besnoitia species exists in Namibian wildlife, which is closely related to B. darlingi, B. neotomofelis, B. oryctofelisi, B. akodoni or B. jellisoni. The cheetah appears to be the definitive host of this newly discovered parasite, while a prey species of the cheetah may act as intermediate hosts.
Expansion planning of offshore oilfield power systems based on minimum cost flow and global TABU search algorithm

The current expansion planning model of offshore oilﬁeld power systems considering the outage cost is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem of the high-dimensional solution space, which is difﬁcult to solve by conventional mathematical methods. In this paper, a decision variables dimension reduction method based on minimum cost flow is proposed to reduce the dimension of decision variables, which can improve the computational efficiency greatly. Besides, the global tabu search algorithm (GTSA) is developed to solve the MINLP problem. But it is difficult for the GTSA to find the global optimal scheme due to the high coupling between the unit commitment and the grid. To solve this problem, a novel unit-grid coordinated search strategy is proposed. In order to illustrate the performance of the proposed methods, a 30-node system adapted from the Bohai Sea offshore oilfield power system is employed. Numerical results illustrate the performance of the proposed methods.
Application of Circumstantial Evidence in Criminal Laws in Indonesia

Introduction to the Problem : Indonesia is a constitutional state; therefore, all citizens must obey the applicable regulations. If someone commits a criminal act and is required to be brought to the court, evidence is an important thing to resolve the criminal case. A judge can determine whether the accused is guilty or not, one of the ways to determine is to consider the evidence. The law of evidence is known to have two types of evidence, namely direct evidence and indirect evidence (circumstantial evidence). Circumstantial evidence is a kind of evidence in which the relationship between the facts that occur and the available evidence can only be seen after drawing some certain conclusions. Circumstantial evidence can be very important if the other evidences are not sufficient to prove a criminal case in a court. However, the circumstantial evidences must be in accordance with the other evidences. Purpose/Objective of the Study : The purpose of this study is to understand the circumstantial evidence in the perspective of criminal law and how it is applied in criminal cases. Design/Methodology/Approach : The research method used in this study is a normative juridical research method, with the statutory approach and conceptual approach. The type of data used in this study is the secondary data using three legal materials, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Findings : Indirect evidence or Circumstantial evidence is one of the legal evidences according to Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law Article 188, namely the indication. However, Circumstantial Evidence is still rarely used by the system of criminal evidence in the courts in Indonesia because its validity is often questioned by the public. Paper Type : Research Article
Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 (TFEQ-R18) Spanish Version: Factor Structure Analysis among Normal Weight and Overweight Adults

The objective of this study was to examine the construct validity of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) Revised-18, an instrument designed to measure: Uncontrolled Eating, Emotional Eating and Cognitive Restraint, in a sample of Mexican adults of different weights. 342 man and women, with age range 19-79 years old (M=40), were recruited. TFEQ was emailed to the participants who earlier had their weight and height measured. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was applied to examine TFEQ structure. The original three factor structure was corroborated, with nine items loading high on Uncontrolled Eating factor, three on Emotional Eating and four out of the original six on Cognitive Restraint. Two items were excluded due to low item-total correlations. Higher levels of Cognitive Restraint were associated with higher BMI (r=.13, p < .05), we found no connection between Uncontrolled Eating or Emotional Eating and body weight. Our findings suggest that the abbreviated TFEQ (16 items), is a psychometrically valid measure, and can be used to evaluate the tendencies of Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating and Emotional Eating in the population of Mexican adults with different body weights.
Two phase leaching for metal recovery from waste printed circuit boards: Statistical optimization

The rapid growth of technology plays an inevitable role in humankind? s life and has a significant stint in the generation of e-waste. The electronic waste possess tremendous environmental and health effects and one such major contributor to it is printed circuit boards (PCBs). The present work deals with the recovery of heavy metals from PCBs by using aqua regia as leaching reagent by two stages (first stage HCl and HNO3 and second stage HCl and H2SO4). The studies carried by Response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the optimal conditions of recovery for the heavy metal ions showed that time 5 hrs, pulp density 25 gm L-1, and temperature 90.10C with desirability 0.761. These optimized values provide maximum recovery rate of Cu (97.06%), Sn (94.66%), Zn (96.64%) and Pb (96.89%) respectively. EDXs is used to analyze the metal concentrations of the sample before and after treatment.
Digital Aid: Understanding the Digital Challenges Facing Humanitarian Assistance

The UKRI Digital Aid workshop on 9 September 2019 brought together expert practitioners and researchers to focus on the use of digital technologies in humanitarian aid. Participants brought wide experience of digital applications to monitor conflict, refugees, food security, and to reunite families, enable communication and increase donor value for money. The event identified key areas where the rapid pace of technological change is outstripping our current understanding of emerging risks, digital inequalities and ethical dilemmas associated with the use of digital technologies in humanitarian response. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in their contribution to the UN Secretary-General’s High-Level Panel on Digital Cooperation warned that it is of critical importance to ‘keep humanitarian purpose, and the people humanitarian organizations are there to protect and assist, firmly at the centre of any developments in order to ensure the humanitarian response do no harm in their application’ (ICRC 2019). Yet workshop discussions showed how humanitarian practitioners are struggling to operationalise the “do no harm” principle in the context of a rapidly changing technological landscape. Workshop participants felt that research has a vital role to play in protecting the interests of vulnerable communities in the digital age.
The Impact of Fama-French Five Factor Model on Retail Industry During the Outbreak of COVID-19

COVID-19 has been shocking to the global economy. The majority of industries suffer from heavy loss. During this period, investors, who need to withstand this huge financial risk, desire to seek different capital asset pricing models to estimate the performance of various stock portfolios. To help them achieve this goal, this article adopts the Fama-French five-factor model to analyze the change of performance of the retail industry from September 2019 to August 2020. Through the regression towards selected data, coefficients of five factors can be calculated. The coefficient of total market portfolio return (MKT) is close to 1, which conveys that the performance of retail industry is similar to that of the whole US market. The coefficient of Small Minus Big Size (SMB) changes a little and is still larger than 0. Most small-size companies perform better than bigsize ones. After the epidemic, Robust Minus Weak Operating Profitability (RMW) and Conservative Minus Aggressive investment (CMA) become redundant factors. This fact reflects that the profitability of companies and investment style weakly affect the return rate of investing in retail industry. However, High Minus Low B/M (HML) becomes a significant factor, and its coefficient keeps larger than 0. The book-to-market ratio becomes a valuable investment indicator, and investing in companies with high ratios is more profitable. Investors are recommended to invest in some retail companies with small size and high book-to-market ratios. Also, it is of great importance to focus on the retail companies that take active action in adopting advanced technology and joining in e-commerce.
UNM Digital Repository UNM Digital Repository

Each of these approaches is accomplished in ECHO through iterative practice, feedback, modelling, successive approximation, and mentoring and consultation with interdisciplinary experts and peers. Recent reports on best practices in physician professional development from the Institute of Medicine, Carnegie Foundation, and Macy Foundation support educational approaches in ECHO. Project ECHO is aimed at developing capacity for safe and effective treatment of chronic, common and complex diseases in rural and underserved areas while monitoring outcomes to ensure quality of care. ILBS is the rst institute to replicate this model in India under the aegis of ILBS-ECHO program with a goal to identify, treat and manage liver related disorders across the country. Using state of the art tele health technology and clinical management tools ILBS-ECHO trains and supports physicians in the community to develop knowledge and self-efcacy on a variety of diseases not usually considered within their scope of practice. As a result, these physicians can deliver best practice care for complex health conditions in community-based sites where this specialty care was previously unavailable. Using the technology developed project ILBS-ECHO aims to build on and successfully implement the ECHO model to the Indian scenario. ABSTRACT