Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defect center room-temperature quantum processors

Quantum information devices promise unique opportunities in information technology. Physicists are intrigued with building such devices because they probe our understanding of the nature of quantum mechanics. Quantum effects, although providing the basis of atomic, molecular, and solid state physics, usually are not observed in everyday life because the highly fragile nature of coherence and entanglement requires extensive shielding against environmental effects. Early pioneers in the field of quantum information envisioned the quantum processor to be kept at Kelvin temperatures in an ultrahigh vacuum. And, indeed, most approaches today are based on such technology. Weber et al. (1) now pave the way for a systematic search of hardware for room-temperature quantum devices. The existence of such hardware would truly revolutionize our thinking about quantum hardware and bring quantum technology to a desktop experience.
A Scalable Efficient Robust Adaptive (SERA) Architecture for the Next Generation of Web Service

The World Wide Web can be considered as a large distributed information system that provides access to shared data objects. As one of the most popular applications currently running on the Internet, the World Wide Web is of an exponential growth in size, which results in network congestion and server overloading. Web caching has been recognized as one of the effective schemes to alleviate the service bottleneck and reduce the network traffic, thereby minimize the user access latency. In this paper, we propose a Scalable Efficient Robust Adaptive (SERA) Web caching architecture which accommodates the exponential growth and extreme dynamic environment of the World Wide Web. We developed a piggybacked prefetching/pre-resolving scheme, which uses user access pattern and network environment information. Cooperative consistency control mechanism is employed to further improve the performance. In order to assist the cache resolution, an efficient cache routing scheme is employed. A loose group membership is maintained among nearby proxy caches to make the entire caching system scalable and fault tolerant.
Antidiabetic Therapy in End‐Stage Renal Disease

There has been substantial growth in the variety of available antidiabetic agents during the last decade and a half. The role of these newer agents in patients with diabetes and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) population, and their relative benefits and risks in this population compared to patients without ESRD are not yet clear. This stems from the altered state of glucose homeostasis in ESRD, which places patients at high risk for hypoglycemia and, in certain situations, hyperglycemia. In addition, there is a dearth of evidence to support a benefit of tight glycemic control on either micro‐ or macrovascular outcomes in ESRD patients; furthermore, the metrics by which glycemic control is conventionally measured are less valid in ESRD. In this review, we will discuss noninsulin and insulin‐based therapies as well as unique challenges, contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages to their use in ESRD. We will also review issues pertinent to both hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.
Highly Sensitive Cardiac Troponin Assays: A Comprehensive Review of Their Clinical Utility

Cardiovascular disease is a major source of morbidity and remains the leading cause of death in the United States. To evaluate patients with suspected cardiovascular disease, several laboratory markers of cardiac injury are available including creatinine kinase, creatinine kinase isoenzyme MB, myoglobin, and cardiac troponins (cTn) I and T. cTns have become the preferred marker of cardiac damage because they are highly sensitive and are almost completely cardiac specific. Recently, highly sensitive cTn (hs-cTn) assays were developed and have been used across the world to more quickly and accurately diagnose myocardial infarction. In the United States, these assays have not been U.S. Food and Drug Association approved for clinical practice and therefore are only being used for research purposes. Advancements have taken place over the years in diagnosing and treating cardiovascular disease, but predicting who will suffer future cardiovascular events still remains elusive. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to discover how new hs-cTn are being utilized throughout other parts of the world and what potential future use they may serve here in the United States. Major subject points discussed in this article include the prevalence of detectable troponins in the general population, the use of hs-cTn assays in diagnosing a myocardial infarction, determining prognosis in patients who have experienced an acute coronary syndrome and in patients with congestive heart failure, predicting future risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease, and its potential role as a screening tool in primary prevention. The implementation of hs-cTn testing in the United States may be very beneficial to patients; however, more research will need to be done to fully elucidate the potential use of hs-cTn in clinical practice.
A Pensao Social como primeiro pilar de uma rede universal de Assistência Social em Portugal

Este artigo tem como proposito apresentar os primeiros resultados de uma investigacao comparativa entre os dispositivos de pensao social em Portugal e no Brasil (BPC). Privilegia-se a experiencia e situacao portuguesa, tracando um quadro geral da institucionalizarao, situacao actual e significacao social e politica da Pensao Social em Portugal enquanto minimo social. Neste sentido a comunicacao focaliza-se: a) no percurso historico da atribuicao da pensao social em Portugal; b) no padrao e filosofia de regulacao social proporcionado aos cidadaos beneficiarios; c) na relevância e impacte orcamental da pensao social enquanto programa de proteccao social nao contributivo.
Morinda citrifolia L. leaf extract prevent weight gain in Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high fat diet

ABSTRACT Background: Morinda citrifolia L. is widely used as a folk medicinal food plant to manage a panoply of diseases, though no concrete reports on its potential anti-obesity activity. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of M. citrifolia leaf extracts (MLE60) in the prevention of weight gain in vivo and establish its phytochemical profile. Design: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into groups based on a normal diet (ND) or high fat diet (HFD), with or without MLE60 supplementation (150 and 350 mg/kg body weight) and assessed for any reduction in weight gain. Plasma leptin, insulin, adiponectin, and ghrelin of all groups were determined. 1H NMR and LCMS methods were employed for phytochemical profiling of MLE60. Results: The supplementation of MLE60 did not affect food intake indicating that appetite suppression might not be the main anti-obesity mechanism involved. In the treated groups, MLE60 prevented weight gain, most likely through an inhibition of pancreatic and lipoprotein activity with a positive influence on the lipid profiles and a reduction in LDL levels . MLE60 also attenuated visceral fat deposition in treated subjects with improvement in the plasma levels of obesity-linked factors . 1Spectral analysis showed the presence of several bioactive compounds with rutin being more predominant. Conclusion: MLE60 shows promise as an anti-obesity agents and warrants further research.
Prognostic prediction and treatment strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has gained major clinical interest because of its worldwide increasing incidence.1 Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world (564,000 cases/year) and the third cause of cancer-related death.2 This statistic reflects the long-term consequences of chronic HCV infection and an increased capability to diagnose the disease. Cirrhosis, mainly caused by hepatitis B and C viruses, constitutes the main risk factor for HCC, with the 5-year cumulative incidence ranging between 15% to 20%. 3 Cirrhotic men with increased a-fetoprotein concentration bear the highest risk. Antiviral treatment with interferon alone or associated with ribavirin may eradicate viral infection and prevent progression to cirrhosis. However, there is no evidence to support its preventive effect once cirrhosis is established.4 Surveillance is the sole strategy to potentially decrease tumorrelated mortality because it may detect HCC at an early stage, when curative therapies can be applied.4 There are no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing surveillance with no surveillance. Cohort studies and cost-efficiency modeling support its benefits in well-defined candidates. Surveillance should be restricted to cirrhotics who would merit effective treatment if diagnosed with HCC. This discards advanced cirrhotic patients (Child-Pugh class C) and those with severe associated conditions. Child-Pugh class C patients should be considered for liver transplantation (LT). If this is not available or the patients are not candidates for this option, surveillance is not cost effective.3 Data on tumor volume doubling time provide the rationale for the current recommended surveillance policy: ultrasound (US) and a-fetoprotein determination every 6 months.3 By applying this policy, 40% to 80% of HCCs detected are solitary, but only half of them are radically treated.5,6 Diagnostic confirmation is a key aspect prior to treatment indication. For years, this was based on cyto-histology, but reliable noninvasive criteria for cirrhotic patients have been recently developed.3 HCC may be confidently diagnosed by the coincidental findings of 2 imaging techniques showing a nodule greater than 2 cm with arterial hypervascularization or by a single positive imaging technique associated with AFP greater than 400 ng/mL.3
Knowledge-based Supervision for Domain-adaptive Semantic Role Labeling

Semantic role labeling (SRL) is a method for the semantic analysis of texts that adds a level of semantic abstraction on top of syntactic analysis, for instance adding semantic role labels like Agent on top of syntactic functions like Subject. SRL has been shown to benefit various natural language processing applications such as question answering, information extraction, and summarization. Automatic SRL systems are typically based on a predefined model of semantic predicate argument structure incorporated in lexical knowledge bases like PropBank or FrameNet. They are trained using supervised or semi-supervised machine learning methods using training data labeled with predicate (word sense) and role labels. Even state-of-the-art systems based on deep learning still rely on a labeled training set. However, despite the success in an experimental setting, the real-world application of SRL methods is still prohibited by severe coverage problems (lexicon coverage problem) and lack of domain-relevant training data for training supervised systems (domain adaptation problem). These issues apply to English, but are even more severe for other languages, for which only small resources exist. The goal of this thesis is to develop knowledge-based methods to improve lexicon coverage and training data coverage for SRL. We use linked lexical knowledge bases to extend lexicon coverage and as a basis for automatic training data generation across languages and domains.
Characterization of Lacrimal Gland Carbonic Anhydrase VI

We have previously demonstrated by immunohistochemistry the presence of secreted carbonic anhydrase (CA VI) in the acinar cells of the rat lacrimal glands. In this study we purified the sheep lacrimal gland CA VI to homogeneity and demonstrated by Western analysis that it has the same apparent subunit molecular weight (45 kD) as the enzyme isolated from saliva. RT-PCR analysis showed that CA VI mRNA from the lacrimal gland was identical to that of the parotid gland CA VI mRNA. An RIA specific for sheep CA VI showed the lacrimal gland tissue concentration of the enzyme to be 4.20 ± 2.60 ng/mg protein, or about 1/7000 of the level found in the parotid gland. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) showed that lacrimal acinar cells expressed both immunoreactivity and mRNA for CA VI. Moreover, CA VI immunoreactivity was occasionally observed in the lumen of the ducts. Unlike the parotid gland, in which all acinar cells expressed CA VI immunoreactivity and mRNA, only some of the acinar cells of the lacrimal gland showed expression. These results indicate that the lacrimal gland synthesizes and secretes a very small amount of salivary CA VI. In tear fluid, CA VI is presumed to have a role in the maintenance of acid/base balance on the surface of the eye, akin to its role in the oral cavity.
VLA‐4 and VCAM‐1 are the principal adhesion molecules involved in the interaction between blast colony‐forming cells and bone marrow stromal cells

Summary. The molecular basis and functional significance of interactions between haemopoietic progenitor cells and the stromal microenvironment is still poorly understood. Here we investigated a broad panel of surface adhesion molecules for their involvement. For this purpose, the colony‐forming capacity of stroma‐adherent Bl‐CFC, BFU‐E and GM‐CFC was studied. Both mononuclear bone marrow cells (BMC) and bone marrow‐derived stromal cells (BMSC) express a wide variety of adhesion molecules. However, only antibodies against β1‐, α4‐integrin (both chains of the very late activation antigen‐4 (VLA‐4)) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM‐1) inhibited colony formation from stroma‐adherent Bl‐CFC by 50% or more. Antibodies against a panel of other adhesion molecules, including the α5‐integrin chain, were without effect. Subsequent pretreatment experiments revealed that VLA‐4 on progenitors interacted with stromal VCAM‐1. The inhibitory antibodies did not interfere with the clonogenic capacity of but with adhesion of BFU‐E and GM‐CFC. Whether the inhibitory antibodies act similarly on progenitors which depend on BMSC for growth and/or differentiation, such as Bl‐CFC, remains to be determined.
Demosaicking algorithm for the Kodak-RGBW color filter array

Digital cameras capture images through different Color Filter Arrays and then reconstruct the full color image. Each CFA pixel only captures one primary color component; the other primary components will be estimated using information from neighboring pixels. During the demosaicking algorithm, the two unknown color components will be estimated at each pixel location. Most of the demosaicking algorithms use the RGB Bayer CFA pattern with Red, Green and Blue filters. The least-Squares Luma-Chroma demultiplexing method is a state of the art demosaicking method for the Bayer CFA. In this paper we develop a new demosaicking algorithm using the Kodak-RGBW CFA. This particular CFA reduces noise and improves the quality of the reconstructed images by adding white pixels. We have applied non-adaptive and adaptive demosaicking method using the Kodak-RGBW CFA on the standard Kodak image dataset and the results have been compared with previous work.
Differential role for synaptojanin 1 in rod and cone photoreceptors

Synaptojanin 1 (SynJ1) is a polyphosphoinositide phosphatase involved in clathrin‐mediated endocytosis in conventional synapses. Studies with the zebrafish mutant nrc have revealed that loss of SynJ1 also affects cone photoreceptor ribbon synapses, causing pronounced morphological and functional abnormalities. In this study we continue to examine the role of SynJ1 in photoreceptors. Using a newly generated antibody specific for zebrafish SynJ1, we localized this protein predominantly to cone photoreceptors. We then used blastula stage transplantation experiments to demonstrate that rods from nrc mutants lacking SynJ1 develop normally and do not have the pronounced morphological defects detected in cones. Given the known involvement of SynJ1 in synaptic vesicle endocytosis, we hypothesize that rods and cones use distinct mechanisms for vesicle recycling. J. Comp. Neurol. 517:633–644, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardiometabolic risk factors in bank employees

Background: Coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are preceded by a cluster of metabolic risk factors that include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and prediabetes. The prevalence of these metabolic risk factors shows an upward trend with increasing body mass index and waist circumference. Aims and Objective: To examine cardiometabolic risk factors among bank employees. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 male bank employees. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for blood glucose and lipid profile. Result: Generalized obesity and central obesity were found in 9% and 69% subjects, respectively. Nearly half of the subjects were observed to have hypertension and another one-third prehypertension. Nearly 14% subjects had T2DM. Dyslipidemia was observed in this study as high triglycerides (TGs; 10.8%) and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (10%), high total serum cholesterol (5%), and high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (5%). Significant number of subjects had suboptimal lipid levels. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was found to be 38%. Conclusion: Obesity and overweight are prevalent among bank employees. Central obesity and MetS are also prevalent in normal weight subjects. Obese subjects had higher levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood glucose and also had higher prevalence of MetS.
Quality and Reliability Problems from a Consumer's Perspective: an Increasing Problem Overlooked by Businesses?

Currently, many businesses in the consumer electronics industry are facing an increasing number of consumer complaints, despite the application of quality tools that proved to be very powerful in the past. We assessed over 20 new product development projects, to understand the reasons behind the rising number of consumer complaints. We found that businesses are developing more innovative products that are brought to the market faster, with inherently higher uncertainties on the consumer expectations of these products. Current analyses of consumer complaints solely focus on checking if the product is functioning according to the technical specification, and these analyses show a rising number of consumer complaints where no failure could be established. When looking at product quality and reliability from a consumer's perspective, we found that consumers complain not only about technical product failures but also when the product does not satisfy their expectations. In this paper we will take the perspective of the consumer to analyse dissatisfaction with new products from various available sources, which were not set‐up for quality and reliability purposes. We will show that analysing information from these sources gives better information, especially on the non‐technical failures compared with the traditional quality and reliability sources. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SentiWordNet in Relation to SentiWordNet 3 . 0

Sentiment analysis and opinion mining are the tasks of identifying positive or negative opinions and emotions from pieces of text. The SentiWordNet (SWN) plays an important role in extracting opinions from texts. It is a publicly available sentiment measuring tool used in sentiment classification and opinion mining. We firstly discuss the development of the English SWN for versions 1.0 and 3.0. This is to provide the basis for developing an equivalent SWN for the Arabic language through a mapping to the latest version of the English SWN 3.0. We also discuss the construction of an annotated sentiment corpus for Arabic and its relationship to the Arabic SWN.
Design of Matching Networks for Low Noise Preamplifiers

This paper discusses matching networks that minimize inductive coupling between the antennas within an array while simultaneously insuring minimum noise contributions from preamplifiers. Typical low noise preamplifier designs require a strong mismatch between the source impedance and the amplifier input impedance (reflection coefficient close to one) to achieve optimal noise performance. This is in contrast to the familiar impedance match known from communication theory where input and source impedances have complex conjugate values for maximizing the power transfer from source to amplifier. The high input reflection coefficient of low noise amplifiers can be exploited to reduce antenna currents by using lossless impedance transformations to create a high impedance at the coil terminals while simultaneously maintaining a low noise figure for the amplifier. The networks presented here constitute an improvement over previous work because they give additional freedoms regarding the values of the network components and the amplifier input impedance. The technique has been formalized and coded in MathCadTM, making the design of realizable networks a simple process.
The Machine Translation Leaderboard

Much of an instructor’s time is spent on the management and grading of homework. We present the Machine Translation Leaderboard, a platform for managing, displaying, and automatically grading homework assignments. It runs on Google App Engine, which provides hosting and user management services. Among its many features are the ability to easily define new assignments, manage submission histories, maintain a development / test set distinction, and display a leaderboard. An entirely new class can be set up in minutes with minimal configuration. It comes pre-packaged with five assignments used in a graduate course on machine translation.
Depression Screening of Elderly Community‐Dwelling Japanese

To the Editor: The National Citizens’ Coalition for Nursing Home Reform (NCCNHR) had the privilege of serving on the expert panel involved in the development of two articles found elsewhere in this issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society: the American Geriatrics Society/American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry Recommendations for Policies in Support of Quality Mental Health Care in U.S. Nursing Homes and the Consensus Statement on Improving the Quality of Mental Health Care in U.S. Nursing Homes: Management of Depression and Behavioral Symptoms Associated with Dementia. We are pleased to endorse the consensus statement but regret that the policy recommendations do not call for prompt implementation of nurse staffing ratios that experts consistently identify as necessary to provide for the basic care of nursing home residents. Although additional research might find an ideal ratio for caring for those with dementia and mental illnesses, we know from existing research that minimum needs cannot be met without at least 4.1 hours of direct care a day. Fewer than 10% of nursing homes meet this standard, and more than half fall so far below it that residents are in jeopardy. NCCNHR advocates a minimum standard of 4.13 hoursFa level validated by a consensus panel of the Hartford Center for Geriatric Nursing, a congressional study of nurse staffing ratios released by the Department of Health and Human Services last year, and other research. As the policy statement says so well, ‘‘Highquality mental health care in nursing homes is possible only when the level of nurse staffing is adequate to provide the necessary amount of direct care. ’’