Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE WEAKENED WEIBEL ELECTROMAGNETIC INSTABILITY OF ULTRA-INTENSE MEV ELECTRON BEAMS IN MULTI-LAYER SOLID STRUCTURE

The Weibel instability of intense and collimated MeV fast electron beams in multi-layer structure is investigated. It is found that the electromagnetic instability of fast electron beams can be significantly suppressed by this structure. A strong magnetic field will be created at the interfaces between materials with different resistivities as these fast electrons are injected into this structure. It obstructs the transverse movement of the fast electrons and confines them to propagate along the interfaces. In consequence, the positive feedback loop between magnetic field perturbation and electrons density perturbation is broken, and the Weibel instability is thus weakened. Furthermore, the calculated results for Au/Si multi-layer structure by a hybrid Particle in Cell code have proven this weakening effect on the Weibel instability of intense fast electron beams. Because of the high energy-density delivered by the MeV electrons, these results indicate applications in high-energy physics, such as radiography, fast electron beam focusing, and perhaps fast ignition.
Discovery of Suprathermal Ionospheric Origin Fe+ in and Near Earth's Magnetosphere

Suprathermal (87–212 keV/e) singly charged iron, Fe+, has been discovered in and near Earth's ~9–30 RE equatorial magnetosphere using ~21 years of Geotail STICS (suprathermal ion composition spectrometer) data. Its detection is enhanced during higher geomagnetic and solar activity levels. Fe+, rare compared to dominant suprathermal solar wind and ionospheric origin heavy ions, might derive from one or all three candidate lower‐energy sources: (a) ionospheric outflow of Fe+ escaped from ion layers near ~100 km altitude, (b) charge exchange of nominal solar wind iron, Fe+≥7, in Earth's exosphere, or (c) inner source pickup Fe+ carried by the solar wind, likely formed by solar wind Fe interaction with near‐Sun interplanetary dust particles. Earth's semipermanent ionospheric Fe+ layers derive from tons of interplanetary dust particles entering Earth's atmosphere daily, and Fe+ scattered from these layers is observed up to ~1000 km altitude, likely escaping in strong ionospheric outflows. Using ~26% of STICS's magnetosphere‐dominated data when possible Fe+2 ions are not masked by other ions, we demonstrate that solar wind Fe charge exchange secondaries are not an obvious Fe+ source. Contemporaneous Earth flyby and cruise data from charge‐energy‐mass spectrometer on the Cassini spacecraft, a functionally identical instrument, show that inner source pickup Fe+ is likely not important at suprathermal energies. Consequently, we suggest that ionospheric Fe+ constitutes at least a significant portion of Earth's suprathermal Fe+, comparable to the situation at Saturn where suprathermal Fe+ is also likely of ionospheric origin.
Classification of hydrometeors using microwave brightness temperature data from AMSU-B over Iran

The Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B (AMSU-B) installed on the NOAA-15, 16, and 17 satellites, is the new generation of a series of microwave imagers/sounders that can sense atmospheric moisture and other hydrometeors through clouds. This paper demonstrates the potential of multi-frequency AMSU-B data for classifying different types of hydrometeors. Ten types of these hydrometers have been collected using meteorological data (synoptic reports, radiosonde data and infrared and water vapor images) over Iran. Co-located AMSU-B data were used to perform a quantitative classification of the hydrometers. Three main classes including heavy precipitating, moderate precipitating, and non-precipitating hydrometeors were found based on the multi-frequency brightness temperature signatures. The distinguishing criteria for this type of analysis are: (a) brightness temperature (BT) at 89 GHz frequency, (b) slopes of the BT between 89 and 150 GHz, and (c) crossover of BT curves between 89 and 183 GHz frequencies.
COSIT at Twenty: Measuring Research Trends and Interdisciplinarity

We have performed a topic classification procedure on a text corpus consisting of the proceedings for all ten meetings of the Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT) held between 1992 and 2009, providing a measure with which to answer several kinds of questions about the dynamic conceptual content of that conference series. We have identified topics trending upward and downward, looking particularly at the level of research interest in cultural factors. We have also investigated whether there has been growing interdisciplinarity in the research reported at COSIT meetings by this diverse and dynamic scholarly community. Preliminary results are presented, planned future work is discussed, and additional questions are invited.
Linking Core Competence, Innovation and Firm Performance

Organizational resources and capabilities realized by business practitioners and researchers have significant importance as they support firm performance and competitive advantage. However, what exactly core competence is not clearly understood since terms such as resource, capability and competence are used interchangeably by researchers. From this point forth, this article provides a framework for separating organization's core competencies from resource and capability. We propose three empirical determiners such as uniqueness, inimitability and extendibility to the research model for separating organization's core competencies from resource and capability. Second, the proposed core competence framework serves as a tool for assessing the relationship between core competencies and innovation. Finally, the paper intended to help leaders and managers about how they can enhance firm performance by means of supporting core competencies and innovation.
Source processes of the 1965 New Hebrides Islands earthquakes inferred from teleseismic waveforms

This study is a detailed analysis of two foreshocks (FS-1, M = 7 and FS-2, M = 6%), the main shock (M, M = 7%) and two aftershocks (A-1, M = 6% and A-2, M = 7) from 1965 August 1 New Hebrides Islands earthquake sequence. Focal mechanisms, depths, moments, time function durations and directions of rupture (where they could be inferred) for the events have been found using time domain synthetic seismograms of the farfield body waves and surface waves. All of the events except A-2 were thrust events whose focal mechanisms are consistent with faulting on the interface between the subducting Indian plate and the overriding Pacific plate. A-2 seems to have been an event on a steeply dipping fault plane which ruptured into the underthrusting plate. M and A-2 are inferred to have been events with two sources where, in both cases, the second source was larger than the first. The relative depths and focal mechanisms of the two sources indicate a downward rupture for A-2 and a downdip rupture for M. The observed radiation patterns for the Rayleigh and Love waves from these events are consistent with the results of the body wave analysis. Furthermore, an analysis of the radiation pattern for FS-2 suggests that this event ruptured downdip, and a comparison of the amplitudes of R2, R3 and R4 at GSC indicates an updip rupture for M. The theoretical static vertical surface displacements computed from the teleseismic source model for M are found to be much smaller than the observed coastal uplift. The seismicity during the sequence is noted to have migrated first from northwest to south-east and then toward the south-west and north-east. The locations of the large events suggest that there are three barriers to the propagation of seismic ruptures in the crust under the New Hebrides, one under northern Santo, one between Santo and Mallikolo and one under central Mallikolo.
Environmental Impact of PV Systems: Effects of Energy Sources Used in Production of Solar Panels

The international expansion of the PV industry can affect the range of indirect environmental impacts, and mostly the CO2 equivalent emissions, of the solar electricity produced in any country. We demonstrate a clear trend towards high variation in the global warming potential of solar electricity produced in France by PV installations which use modules produced with different electricity mix. The variation is somewhat less important when looking at the Energy Payback Time (EPBT) of the PV installation. In any studied case, the transportation between countries has a low effect compared to the choice made on the source of electricity used during the different steps involved in the fabrication of modules for any technology.
Should I stay or should I go? Host plant quality mediated trade-offs in the forest tent caterpillar

Group living has both negative and positive effects, and various ecological factors can mediate decisions between remaining cohesive and splitting up. We investigated how food quality mediates the trade-off in Malacasoma disstria, the forest tent caterpillar, between (i) remaining in a group on a known food source, thus benefitting from group basking and group predator defenses, but potentially incurring opportunity costs, and (ii) increasing movement in search of a potentially better quality food source and/or splitting into more numerous groups, risking predation. During laboratory experiments in spring 2013, and field experiments in 2014, groups of caterpillars were reared on the foliage of two different tree species; one of high quality: trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), and the other of lower quality: sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Results indicate that forest tent caterpillar colonies feeding from maple increased locomotion, traveled farther, took more numerous, but smaller meals, and split into smaller, more numerous groups when compared to colonies feeding from aspen. Though other ecological factors were found to mediate group decisions, namely developmental stage, colony size, and wind speed, the presented experiments suggest that a decision between remaining cohesive or otherwise in the presence of different quality food sources exists. The findings suggest that the potential increase of encountering a predator when increasing movement and decreasing cohesion can increase early larval mortality and may be a contributing factor to the rise and decline of an outbreaking population.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Permanent draft genome of Thermithiobaclillus tepidarius DSM 3134 T , a moderately thermophilic , obligately chemolithoautotrophic member of the Acidithiobacillia Permalink

Thermithiobacillus tepidarius DSM 3134 was originally isolated (1983) from the waters of a sulfidic spring entering the Roman Baths (Temple of Sulis-Minerva) at Bath, United Kingdom and is an obligate chemolithoautotroph growing at the expense of reduced sulfur species. This strain has a genome size of 2,958,498 bp. Here we report the genome sequence, annotation and characteristics. The genome comprises 2,902 protein coding and 66 RNA coding genes. Genes responsible for the transaldolase variant of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle were identified along with a biosynthetic horseshoe in lieu of Krebs’ cycle sensu stricto. Terminal oxidases were identified, viz. cytochrome c oxidase (cbb3, EC 1.9.3.1) and ubiquinol oxidase (bd, EC 1.10.3.10). Metalloresistance genes involved in pathways of arsenic and cadmium resistance were found. Evidence of horizontal gene transfer accounting for 5.9 % of the protein-coding genes was found, including transfer from Thiobacillus spp. and Methylococcus capsulatus Bath, isolated from the same spring. A sox gene cluster was found, similar in structure to those from other Acidithiobacillia – by comparison with Thiobacillus thioparus and Paracoccus denitrificans, an additional gene between soxA and soxB was found, annotated as a DUF302-family protein of unknown function. As the Kelly-Friedrich pathway of thiosulfate oxidation (encoded by sox) is not used in Thermithiobacillus spp. , the role of the operon (if any) in this species remains unknown. We speculate that DUF302 and sox genes may have a role in periplasmic trithionate oxidation.
Round length optimisation for P2P network gaming

The Referee Anti-Cheat Scheme (RACS) increases the scalability of Client/Server (C/S) games by allowing clients to exchange updates directly. Further, RACS maintains the security of C/S as the trusted referee (running on the server) is the game authority, simulating all client updates to validate the simulation. In RACS time is divided into rounds, and every player generates one update per round. The round length d is bounded by dmax which is specified by the game developer. The referee may reduce d to increase game responsiveness for players. Existing approaches to adjust d require purely distributed algorithms as they do not have a trusted central authority. These algorithms are slow and use considerable bandwidth. In this paper we propose a delay model for RACS, and two centralised algorithms to calculate d for maximum responsiveness an optimal brute force approach and an efficient voting algorithm. We use simulation to show that the voting algorithm produces nearly optimal results, and analytical analysis to show that its processing requirements are far lower than the brute force approach.
Vibration Analysis and Noise Evaluation of Coaxial Planetary Gear Reducer with Dual Power Output

The time-variable stiffness excitation,error excitation and impact excitation of the mesh gears are calculated by the finite element(FE) analysis program of 3-D dynamic contact problem.Using the software of I-DEAS,the dynamic FE model of coaxial planetary gear transmission with dual power output is established;the normal characteristic,dynamic response and structure borne noise of the reducer under inner dynamic excitation is simulated.The results suggest that rotational frequencies of drive shafts and mesh frequencies of gears will not consist with normal frequencies of gearbox,the maximum structure borne noise occurs at the mesh frequency of gears.
Families as Carers - Information Needs in a Cultural Context

While the important role of family as a carer has been increasingly recognised in healthcare service provision, particularly for patients with acute or chronic illnesses, the carer’s information needs have not been well understood and adequately supported by current health information systems. In order to effectively provide continuous and home-based care for the patient, a family relative as the primary carer needs sufficient access to medical knowledge and patient’s health information. There are two challenges. First, being a family relative, the primary carer is often a non-medical practitioner. Second, in Australia, many primary carers are family relatives of patients from a non-English speaking background. They are often seen as interpreters in clinical consultation sessions. Their roles and responsibilities as an interpreter and a carer are often mixed and blurry. Therefore, their information needs are often seen as secondary to the patient or neglected. The primary carer’s information needs are currently not yet well understood. This paper reports finding from a case study which examines an on-line diary of a husband-carer who provided support and care for his wife, who at the time of care was a lung cancer patient. The case study examines an ongoing learning process that the husband went through, identifies information needs by the carer and cultural factors which played an important role in the husband’s interpretation of information, decision making and provision of care. The finding extends a current model of the user’s information needs in the literature and suggests implications for further research into developing health information systems to meet information needs by the family carer.
RAPD profile studies in Sorghum for identification of hybrids and their parents

Most of the sorghum area under high yielding cultivars in India is planted with hybrids which provide a wide range of diversity for maturity and several morphological and grain quality traits. In view of the recently passed act “Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Act, 2001 it has become important to characterize the cultivars/ hybrids. However, not all types of markers are suitable and or feasible for identification and characterization of the hybrids. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is one of the promising techniques for characterizing the cultivars/ hybrids because of its simplicity and rapidity. The present work aims at studying the suitability of RAPD markers for characterization of sorghum hybrids and their parents. Out of 15 decamer primers used for RAPD analysis, six primers yielded good and scorable amplified products for four sorghum hybrids namely CHS-14, CSH-9, CSH-19R and CSH-15R and their respective parental lines. According to presence and absence of bands the RAPD markers were classified into seven types of markers. The bands common in parents and hybrid included in marker type I, III and IV are good markers to confirm the hybrid of its respective parents. The bands from parents not found in hybrid and included in marker type II, V and VI are good markers to identify self and off type plants from hybrid. The non-parental bands expressed uniquely in hybrid and included in marker type VII has direct implication in identification of specific hybrid and can be useful in protecting the rights of plant breeders.
Junı́n virus infection impairs stress-granule formation in Vero cells treated with arsenite via inhibition of eIF 2 a phosphorylation

Stress granules (SGs) are ephemeral cytoplasmic aggregates containing stalled translation preinitiation complexes involved in mRNA storage and triage during the cellular stress response. SG formation is triggered by the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 (eIF2a), which provokes a dramatic blockage of protein translation. Our results demonstrate that acute infection of Vero cells with the arenavirus Junı́n (JUNV), aetiological agent of Argentine haemorrhagic fever, does not induce the formation of SGs. Moreover, JUNV negatively modulates SG formation in infected cells stressed with arsenite, and this inhibition correlates with low levels of eIF2a phosphorylation. Transient expression of JUNV nucleoprotein (N) or the glycoprotein precursor (GPC), but not of the matrix protein (Z), inhibits SG formation in a similar manner, comparable to infectious virus. Expression of N and GPC also impaired eIF2a phosphorylation triggered by arsenite. A moderate inhibition of SG formation was also observed when DTT and thapsigargin were employed as stress inducers. In contrast, no inhibition was observed when infected cells were treated with hippuristanol, a translational inhibitor and inducer of SGs that bypasses the requirement for eIF2a phosphorylation. Finally, we analysed SG formation in persistently JUNV-infected cells, where N and GPC are virtually absent and truncated N products are expressed abundantly. We found that persistently infected cells show a quite normal response to arsenite, with SG formation comparable to that of uninfected cells. This suggests that the presence of GPC and/or N is crucial to control the stress response upon JUNV infection of Vero cells.
The Impact of Human Recourses Management Practices on Organizational Performance: Assessing the Mediating Role of Employee Productivity

Organizational innovative performance considered as an essential weapon for organizations to compete in current hyperactive competitive business environment. One of the ways to achieve innovative performance is through effective human resources management practices (HRMP). This study aimed to examine the impact of human resources management practices on organizational performance, and testing the effective role of individual employee as a mediator between HRM practices and organizational performance. The study conducted exclusively on the Sudanese commercial banking sector. More precisely the study concentrated on practices effect on employee’s productivity, attitude and satisfaction. The study awarded on seven variables of human resources management practices; employment security, performance appraisal, career management, extensive training, employee empowerment, reward system and recruitment system. The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire, to analyze the effect of these seven variables, using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results showed that all seven variables of human resource management practices are positively correlate with organizational performance in banking sector in Sudan, and significantly training and reward system. Findings also supported the mediation role of individual productivity between HRM practices and Sudan banking sector performance. Keywords: human resource management practices, Performance, Banking sector.
SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF AN ULTRALUMINOUS SUPERSOFT X-RAY SOURCE IN M81

Ultraluminous supersoft X-ray sources (ULSs) exhibit supersoft X-ray spectra with blackbody temperatures below 0.1 keV and bolometric luminosities above 1039 ergs s−1. In this Letter, we report the first optical spectroscopic observations of a ULS in M81 using the LRIS spectrograph on the Keck I telescope. The detected Balmer emission lines show a mean intrinsic velocity dispersion of 400 ± 80 km s−1, which is consistent with that from an accretion disk. The spectral index of the continuum on the blue side is also consistent with the multi-color disk model. The Hα emission line exhibits a velocity of ∼180 km s−1 relative to the local stellar environment, suggesting that this ULS may be a halo system in M81 belonging to an old population. No significant shift is found for the Hα emission line between two observations separated by four nights.
Geometric Quantization of Classical Metrics on the Moduli Space of Canonical Metrics

1 1 Deformation Theory of Complex Structures 2 1.1 Basic idea of analytic deformation theory . 4 1.2 Existence of infinitesimal deformations . 7 1.3 Completeness of the analytic family . 11 2 Complex Deformation on Fano Kahler-Einstein Manifolds 17 2.1 Deformation of complex structures on Fano manifolds and gauge equivalence . 18 2.2 Deformation of the volume form and the Kahler-Einstein form . 30 2.3 Deformation of plurianticanonical sections . 37 2.4 L-metric on the direct image sheaf . 44 2.5 Deformation of holomorphic vector fields . 54 3 Pluri-subharmonicity of Harmonic Energy 59 3.1 Deformation of Kahler-Einstein manifolds of general type . 60 3.2 First variation of harmonic energy . 63 3.3 Second variation of harmonic energy . 66
CONSERVATION PROCESS MODEL (CPM): A TWOFOLD SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCOPE IN THE INFORMATION MODELLING FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE

The aim of the present research is to develop an instrument able to adequately support the conservation process by means of a twofold approach, based on both BIM environment and ontology formalisation. Although BIM has been successfully experimented within AEC (Architecture Engineering Construction) field, it has showed many drawbacks for architectural heritage. To cope with unicity and more generally complexity of ancient buildings, applications so far developed have shown to poorly adapt BIM to conservation design with unsatisfactory results (Dore, Murphy 2013; Carrara 2014). In order to combine achievements reached within AEC through BIM environment (design control and management) with an appropriate, semantically enriched and flexible The presented model has at its core a knowledge base developed through information ontologies and oriented around the formalization and computability of all the knowledge necessary for the full comprehension of the object of architectural heritage an its conservation. Such a knowledge representation is worked out upon conceptual categories defined above all within architectural criticism and conservation scope. The present paper aims at further extending the scope of conceptual modelling within cultural heritage conservation already formalized by the model. A special focus is directed on decay analysis and surfaces conservation project.