Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gaps, Naturally Ecological Mitigation Approaches and Performance r eGulatory C omplianCe anD e ColoGiCal p erFormanCe oF m itiGation w etlanDs in an a GriCultural l anDsCape Ecological Mitigation Approaches and Performance

: The success of wetland mitigation projects nationwide is typically assessed by comparing the total number of wetland mitigation acres attained to the total number of mitigation acres required by Section 404 permits. In the absence of performance measurements on mitigation wetlands, the success of compensatory mitigation in replacing the ecological values of impacted wetlands is increasingly questioned by wetland scientists. This study focuses on evaluating regulatory compliance and ecological performance of mitigation wetlands in Iowa. Regulatory compliance was determined by comparing delineated wetland areas to permitted losses and by evaluating completeness of permit conditions at 24 randomly selected Iowa Department of Transportation wetland mitigation sites. In a separate study, intensive biological inventories were used to evaluate ecological performance at 12 mitigation and three reference wetlands. Species richness and abundance data were collected on algae, protozoa, aquatic invertebrates, butterflies, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals at each site. Species richness and diversity at mitigation sites and reference sites were compared to determine if mitigation wetlands are performing differently than reference wetlands in Iowa. The results are valuable for building and expanding the tools and knowledge necessary to effectively assess and manage the ecological performance of compensatory mitigation wetlands and improve the ecological effectiveness of wetland mitigation.
CMAR_A_246609 12225..12238

1Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; 3Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; 4Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; 5Department of Machine Language, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA Rationale and Objectives: Evaluate ability of radiological semantic traits assessed on multi-window computed tomography (CT) to predict lung cancer risk. Materials and Methods: A total of 199 participants were investigated, including 60 incident lung cancers and 139 benign positive controls. Twenty lung window features and 2 mediastinal window features were extracted and scored on a point scale in three screening rounds. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of these radiological traits with the risk of developing lung cancer. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were computed to evaluate the best predictive model. Results: Combining mediastinal window-specific features with the lung window featuresbased model significantly improves performance compared to individual window features. Model performance is consistent both at baseline and the first follow-up scan, with an AUROC increased from 0.822 to 0.871 (p = 0.009) and from 0.877 to 0.917 (p = 0.008), respectively, for single to multi-window feature models. We also find that the multi-window CT based model showed better specificity and PPV, with PPV at the second follow-up scan improved to 0.953. Conclusion: We find combining window semantic features improves model performance in identifying cancerous nodules. We also find that lung window features are more informative compared to mediastinal features in predicting malignancy.
The Correlation between Quadriceps and Hamstrings Strength in the Dominant Leg with Decision-Making Time during Cutting Manoeuvres in Planned and Reactive Agility Tests

Study Objective: The Correlation between Quadriceps and Hamstrings Strength in the Dominant Leg with Decision-making Time during Cutting manoeuvres in Planned and Reactive Agility Tests. Method and Measurements : Twenty-five healthy active participants took part in the study. The five Vector sensitive mats and Vector laptop were the equipment used to measure the decision-making times, which designed by the school of Healthcare Sciences at Cardiff University, while the Hand-Held Dynamometer was used to measure the isometric quadriceps and hamstrings strengths. Other equipment were used; tape measure, weight scale, height scale were used; duct tape was used to prevent the sensor mats from sliding on the floor. All participants involved in five agility drills for each planned and reactive agility tests, and then followed by three isometric quadriceps and hamstrings measures. Results : The Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) calculated and revealed a moderate ICC value of Planned Decision-Making Times (PDMT) and low ICC value of Reactive Decision-Making Times (RDMT) (0.420) and (0.189), respectively. The ICC calculated for Isometric Quadriceps Strength (IQS) and Isometric Hamstrings Strength (IHS) showed fair values (0.319) and (0.402), respectively. Conclusion: No strong relationship has revealed between all variables, with the strong reliability of each device to be considered as valid and reliable machines. More research needs to be conducted on the relationship between isometric quadriceps and hamstrings strength and between agility performances.
Expected constraints on Dark Energy Parameters with Euclid

Euclid is a future space experiment that has the objective of constraining Dark Energy with unprecedented accuracy using two surveys: a photometric survey for Weak Lensing, and a spectroscopic survey for Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Galaxy Clustering. In this work, I present forecasts for the Weak Lensing and the BAO surveys’ expected constraining power over Dark Energy parameters, using the Fisher Matrix formalism. The forecasts were obtained for the parameters of two distinct Quintessence models that break the traditional quintessence slow-roll conditions, which results in a much more interesting and dynamical behavior of the respective equations of state, wQ. The first model consists of a scalar field rolling in the vicinity of a non-zero potential minimum and depends on three parameters: K, which controls the curvature of the potential at the minimum (K < 0 implies significantly curved potentials); φi, which is the field’s initial position, and ΩQ0, the present-day value of the quintessence energy density. The second model consists of a field initially slowly rolling in a nearly flat region of the potential that later on enters a curved region with a zero minima, around which it rapidly oscillates. And so does the respective equation of state, oscillating around wQ = 0. It has two free parameters: ΩQ0, and M , which defines the point where the field enters the curved region of the potential. To calculate the forecasts, I had to establish the fiducial values for each model’s parameters. For this, I’ve determined for which values the parameters minimized χ for the most recent data from the Supernova Cosmology Project. I have found out that, for the first model, the fiducial values are K = −15.0, φi = 0.30 and ΩQ0 = 0.74. Even more interestingly, I have concluded that, for these fiducial values, this model is preferred over the widely accepted ΛCDM model. For the second model, I have determined that M = 0.00202 and ΩQ0 = 0.75 and established that this model is not preferred in detriment of the ΛCDM model. The expected constraints are shown by the two-dimensional marginalized 68% and 95% confidence regions for each fiducial model. I have concluded that the Weak Lensing survey is much more constraining than the BAO survey. This is supported by much larger marginalized 1σ values for each parameter for the BAO survey. This corroborates some previous analysis of the constraining power of these surveys over the linear dark energy parameters wa − w0. The combined constraints obtained were: K = −15.0 ± 2.798, φi = 0.30±0.0278 and ΩQ0 = 0.74±0.00167 for the first model; M = 0.00202± 0.000835 and ΩQ0 = 0.75 ± 0.00723 for the second model.
A review on the FvCB biochemical model of photosynthesis and the measurement of A - C i curves

The biochemical model of photosynthesis proposed by Farquhar, von Caemmerer and Berry is a CO 2 response model based on photosynthetic processes. It hypothesizes that leaf CO 2 assimilation rate ( A ) of C 3 plants is de-cided by the minimum of three biochemical processes: the carboxylation rate supported by ribulose-1,5-bispho-sphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration rate supported by electron transport and the triose-phosphate (TP) use rate. Fitting leaf CO 2 assimilation rate versus intercellular CO 2 concentration ( A - C i ) curves with the modified FvCB model could provide several important biochemical parameters, including maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate, maximum rate of electron transport, TP use rate, day respiration rate and mesophyll conductance. The FvCB model has greatly improved our understanding and predic-tion of plant photosynthetic physiology and its response to environmental changes. In this review, we firstly de-scribed the FvCB model, and analysed the characteristics of this model: segmentation and overparameterization. We reviewed the estimation of biochemical parameters which by fitting A - C i curves with the FvCB model. The biochemical parameters were estimated previously by segmenting subjectively and fitting each limitation state separately, whereas now by segmenting objectively and fitting all limitation simultaneously. In comparison to the previously conventional ordinary least squares (OLS), terativgorithms ( eg. Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Anneal-ing Algorithm) based on the modern computer technology are now in common use. However, to further improve the reliability and the precision of the parameters estimation, more studies about Rubisco kinetics parameters and their temperature dependence are needed. In the end, to obtain efficient photosynthetic data for biochemical parameters estimation, we integrated and modified methods concerning the measurement of A - C i curves according to current knowledge about FvCB model fitting. We expect this review would advance our understanding and ap-plication of the FvCB model and A - C i curves.
RB controls growth, survival, and neuronal migration in human cerebral organoids

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a tumor suppressor gene which regulates cell cycle entry to S phase via E2F transcription factors. Using knockout (KO) mice, it has been described that Rb plays a role in cell migration and differentiation in developing and adult brain as well as apoptosis. In addition, the RB family is required for the self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, little is known about the role of this gene in human brain development. Here, we investigated the role of RB in cerebral organoids from human ESCs deficient for RB. We showed that RB is expressed abundantly in neural stem/progenitor cells in organoids at 15 and 28 days in culture. Our results revealed that the loss of RB promotes S phase entry of DCX + cells and increases apoptosis of Sox2 + neural stem/progenitor cells, DCX + and Tuj1 + neurons, which was associated with the upregulation of CYCLIN A2 and BAX genes. Moreover, we observed aberrant Tuj1 + neuronal migration in RB -KO organoids, and upregulation of the VLDLR gene, a receptor important in Reelin signaling. Interestingly, ectopically localized Tuj1 + cells were also found in teratomas from RB -KO human ESCs. These results suggest that RB gene has critical roles in human brain development.
PII: S0005-7967(00)00029-2

The classic method for assessment of reliable change, in 1991 re-introduced as Jacobson’s RC, can be characterized as a confidence interval method. In recent years, several RC indices have been proposed using Kelley’s (1947) (Kelley, T. L. (1947). Fundamentals of statistics . Cambridge: Harvard University Press) formula for estimating true change. In these proposals, interval estimation and confidence intervals are mixed up, which leads to unjustified probability statements. When Kelley’s estimate is correctly expanded into a normal distributed statistic, the classic approach reveals itself as a large sample approximation of a properly constructed RCI based on Kelley’s formula. Researchers should continue using the classic approach for the determination of reliable change.  2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ocena powtarzalności i zgodności wewnętrznej Wisconsin Gait Scale u pacjentów z niedowładem połowiczym po udarze mózgu Assessment of test-retest reliability and internal con- sistency of the Wisconsin Gait Scale in hemiparetic post-stroke patients

Introduction: A proper assessment of gait pattern is a significant aspect in planning the process of teaching gait in hemiparetic post-stroke patients. The Wisconsin Gait Scale (WGS) is an observational tool for assessing post-stroke patients’ gait.The aim of the study was to assess test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the WGS and examine correlations between gait assessment made with the WGS and gait speed, Brunnström scale, Ashworth’s scale and the Barthel Index. Material and methods: The research included 36 post-stroke patients. The patients’ gait was assessed with the use of the Wisconsin Gait Scale, gait speed with the use of walk test, the level of motor control in a paretic lower limb – according to Brunnström recovery stages, muscle tone in a paretic lower limb – according to modified Ashworth’s scale and functional independence was assessed using the Barthel Index. Gait was assessed with the use of the WGS twice, with a 7-day interval, by three experienced physiotherapists. Results: The analysis of internal consistency of the WGS revealed that the Cronbach’s α coefficient was high in the case of all the three raters and ranged from 0.85 to 0.88. It was noted that the coefficient of variation for all the comparisons was below 10%. When assessing the repeatability of the results, it was revealed that correlations between both measurements made by particular raters were very strong and highly significant. The WGS results significantly correlated with Brunnström scale, Ashworth’s scale and gait speed. Conclusions: It was concluded that the WGS has a high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Also, significant correlations were found between gait assessment made with the use of the WGS and gait speed, level of motor control and muscle tone of a paretic lower limb. The WGS constitutes a promising tool for a qualitative, observational analysis of gait in post-stroke patients and allows for proper planning, monitoring and assessing rehabilitation results.
Identiﬁcation and In Vivo Functional Analysis by Gene Disruption of ctnA , an Activator Gene Involved in Citrinin Biosynthesis in Monascus purpureus (cid:1) †

Citrinin, a secondary fungal metabolite of polyketide origin, is moderately nephrotoxic to vertebrates, including humans. From the red-pigment producer Monascus purpureus , a 21-kbp region ﬂanking pksCT , which encodes citrinin polyketide synthase, was cloned. Four open reading frames (ORFs) ( orf1 , orf2 , orf3 , and orf4 ) in the 5 (cid:1) -ﬂanking region and one ORF ( orf5 ) in the 3 (cid:1) -ﬂanking region were identiﬁed in the vicinity of pksCT . orf1 to orf5 encode a homolog of a dehydrogenase (similarity, 46%), a regulator (similarity, 38%), an oxygenase (similarity, 41%), an oxidoreductase (similarity, 26%), and a transporter (similarity, 58%), respectively. orf2 (2,006 bp with four introns) encodes a 576-amino-acid protein containing a typical Zn(II)2Cys6 DNA binding motif at the N terminus and was designated ctnA . Although reverse transcriptase PCR analysis revealed that all of these ORFs, except for orf1 , were transcribed with pksCT under citrinin production conditions, the disruption of ctnA caused large decreases in the transcription of pksCT and orf5 , together with reduction of citrinin production to barely detectable levels, suggesting that these two genes are under control of the ctnA product. Complementation of the ctnA disruptant with intact ctnA on an autonomously replicating plasmid restored both transcription and citrinin production, indicating that CtnA is a major activator of citrinin biosynthesis.
Probing spin-phonon interactions in silicon carbide with Gaussian acoustics

Hybrid spin-mechanical systems provide a platform for integrating quantum registers and transducers. Efficient creation and control of such systems require a comprehensive understanding of the individual spin and mechanical components as well as their mutual interactions. Point defects in silicon carbide (SiC) offer long-lived, optically addressable spin registers in a wafer-scale material with low acoustic losses, making them natural candidates for integration with high quality factor mechanical resonators. Here, we show Gaussian focusing of a surface acoustic wave in SiC, characterized by a novel stroboscopic X-ray diffraction imaging technique, which delivers direct, strain amplitude information at nanoscale spatial resolution. Using ab initio calculations, we provide a more complete picture of spin-strain coupling for various defects in SiC with C 3v symmetry. This reveals the importance of shear for future device engineering and enhanced spin-mechanical coupling. We demonstrate all-optical detection of acoustic paramagnetic resonance without microwave magnetic fields, relevant to sensing applications. Finally, we show mechanically driven Autler-Townes splittings and magnetically forbidden Rabi oscillations. These results offer a basis for full strain control of three-level spin systems. through the Autler-Townes effect, mechanical Rabi oscillations, and comparing the relative coupling strengths of inequivalent VV defects. These results are well described by our theoretical model developed from a combination of direct experimental observations and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations of anisotropic spin-strain coupling coefficients. We find that uniaxial strain and shear drive VV spins with coupling strengths of similar magnitude, but with generally different relative phase and selection rules. These experiments utilize a patterned Gaussian SAW phonon resonator that focuses strain and reduces resonator mode volumes in analogy to Gaussian optics. To image the mechanical of our Gaussian SAW devices, we use a unique nanoscale scanning X-ray diffraction technique that directly measures RF lattice perturbations. In addition, spatial responses of Autler-Townes splittings are well explained by ensemble averaging shear and uniaxial strain from the SAW mode. Shear provides an important way of controlling three-level spins (qutrits) with phonons and opens avenues for coupling spins with MEMS. K. In our experiments the Gaussian geometries for enhanced strain focusing and reduced resonator mode volumes facilitate larger strains for fast coherent manipulation of electron spin states.
Pressure broadening and shift of the cesium D1 transition by the noble gases and N2, H2, HD, D2, CH4, C2H6, CF4, and 3He

The pressure broadening and shift rates for the cesium D{sub 1} (6 {sup 2}P{sub 1/2}<-6 {sup 2}S{sub 1/2}) transition with the noble gases and N{sub 2}, H{sub 2}, HD, D{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}, C{sub 2}H{sub 6}, CF{sub 4}, and {sup 3}He were obtained for pressures less than 300 torr at temperatures under 65 deg. C by means of laser absorption spectroscopy. The collisional broadening rate, gamma{sub L}, for He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, N{sub 2}, H{sub 2}, HD, D{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}, C{sub 2}H{sub 6}, CF{sub 4}, and {sup 3}He are 24.13, 10.85, 18.31, 17.82, 19.74, 16.64, 20.81, 20.06, 18.04, 29.00, 26.70, 18.84, and 26.00 MHz/torr, respectively. The corresponding pressure-induced shift rates, delta, are 4.24, -1.60, -6.47, -5.46, -6.43, -7.76, 1.11, 0.47, 0.00, -9.28, -8.54, -6.06, and 6.01 MHz/torr. These rates have then been utilized to calculate Lennard-Jones potential coefficients to quantify the interatomic potential surfaces. The broadening cross section has also been shown to correlate with the polarizability of the collision partner.
Biological evaluation of [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU as a PET tracer for hepatocellular carcinoma CURRENT STATUS: UNDER REVIEW

Purpose 18 F-labeled amino acids (AAs) as tumor-specific imaging agents play a critical role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imaging. In this work, we evaluated the synthesis and biological properties of a simple 18 F-labeled glutamate analogue, [ 18 F]AIF-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic-acid-2-S-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl))-l-glutamate ([ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU) for HCC imaging via one-step reaction sequence. Methods [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was synthesized via the one-step reaction sequence from NOTA-NSC-GLU. In order to investigate the imaging value of [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU in HCC, we conducted PET/CT imaging and competitive binding of [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU in human Hep3B 2.1-7 tumor-bearing mice. The transport mechanism of [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was determined by competitive inhibition and protein incorporation experiments in vitro . Results [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU was prepared with decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 29.3 ± 5.6% (n=10) within 20 min. In vitro competitive inhibition experiments demonstrated that Na + dependent Systems X AG- , B0 + , ASC and minor X C- were involved in the uptake of [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU, with Na + -dependent System X AG- possibly playing a more dominant role. Protein incorporation studies of the Hep3B 2.1-7 human hepatoma cell line found almost no protein incorporation. Micro-PET/CT imaging with [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU showed good tumor-to-background contrast in Hep3B 2.1-7 human hepatoma-bearing mouse models. After [ 18 F]AIF-NOTA-NSC-GLU injection, the tumor-to-liver uptake
Formal Relations and an Empirical Comparison among the Bi‐Factor, the Testlet, and a Second‐Order Multidimensional IRT Model

Testlet effects can be taken into account by incorporating specific dimensions in addition to the general dimension into the item response theory model. Three such multidimensional models are described: the bi-factor model, the testlet model, and a second-order model. It is shown how the second-order model is formally equivalent to the testlet model. In turn, both models are constrained bi-factor models. Therefore, the efficient full maximum likelihood estimation method that has been established for the bi-factor model can be modified to estimate the parameters of the two other models. An application on a testlet-based international English assessment indicated that the bi-factor model was the preferred model for this particular data set.