Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ELUCIDATING STRUCTURE , FUNCTION , AND SMALL MOLECULE INTERACTIONS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AND CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS by KRISTIN

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is a widespread, incurable retrovirus known to cause immunodeficiency and a shortened life span. Despite successful treatment methods, HIV-1 frequently mutates, resulting in antiviral resistance. Many therapies target the HIV-1 protease (PR), which is responsible for cleaving the viral polyprotein essential for its life cycle. HIV-1 PR often evades treatment by way of mutations and less commonly through residue insertions. We have identified a clinical isolate with a five residue insertion between residues 28 and 29. Through molecular dynamics simulations we analyzed the protease protein structure and determined that the residue insertion created a change in the secondary structure of the hinge region of the viral protease. Elucidating the role of insertions could both aid in understanding viral mutations as well as the theoretical effect on patient treatment/outcome.
Interleaved boost converter with Perturb and Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Photovoltaic System

The output power of Photovoltaic (PV) module/array varies due to the changes in atmospheric conditions and this result in variation of maximum power point (MPP). The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms are used for converter control so as to adjust the operating point the converter circuit to transfer the maximum power to the load. This paper presents the simulation of interleaved boost converter (IBC) with Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT for Photovoltaic system. The PV power system with a two phase IBC is analyzed in this work. The converter circuit is connected with the generalized photovoltaic model and simulated for various atmospheric conditions with and without MPPT controller. The model is simulated in MATLAB and the results are generated for various test conditions. The output power of the converter with and without MPPT is compared with the actual output power of the PV module and the results are discussed.
O ct 2 01 5 Least costly energy management for series hybrid electric vehicles

Energy management of plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV s) has di fferent challenges from non-plug-in HEVs, due to bigger batteries and grid recharging. Instead of tackling it to pur sue energetic e fficiency, an approach minimizing the driving cost incurred by the user – the combined costs of fuel, grid energy and batte ry d gradation – is here proposed. A real-time approximatio n of the resulting optimal policy is then provided, as well as som e analytic insight into its dependence on the system paramet ers. The advantages of the proposed formulation and the e ffectiveness of the real-time strategy are shown by means of a t h rough simulation campaign.
On the Amplification-Damping-Effect of the Pinnae and of the Head

With the same German title presented Tarnóczy in 1992 his first measurements about the role and effect of the outer ears, head and torso [1]. He used pink noise excitation and a Brüel Kjaer dummy-head in a monaural measurement in the horizontal plane. Ten years later we reinstalled and re-measured the HRTFs of the same dummy-head using state-of-the-art measurement equipment with increased spatial resolution and accuracy. It was shown that the environment near the head does have significant influence on the transfer functions and still lots of questions remained.
Optimization of Process Parameters for Alkaline-Catalysed Transesterification of Palm Oil Using Response Surface Methodology

Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters) was synthesized from direct transesterification of vegetable oils, where the corresponding triglycerides react with methanol in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The alkali catalysts are the most common catalyst used in biodiesel industry, because the process proves faster and the reaction conditions are moderate compared to the acid catalyst. In the present study, biodiesel production using heterogeneous alkaline-catalysed transesterification process (KOH supported on SBA 15) was proposed. The influence of reaction temperature x1 (50 – 90 oC), ratio of methanol to oil, x2 (6:1 – 14:1 mol/mol), amount of catalyst, x3 (1 – 5wt.%), and reaction time, x4 (2 – 6 h) to the reaction was studied. These four conditions were studied using design of experiment (DOE), based on four-variable central composite design (CCD) with α = 2. The process variables were optimised using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in obtaining the maximum yield of biodiesel. This method was also applied to determine the significance and interaction of the variables affecting the biodiesel production. The biodiesel produced in the experiment was analysed by gas chromatography, which considered five major fatty acid methyl esters. The optimal conditions of response were found to be 70 oC for reaction temperature, 11.6 wt/wt of ratio methanol to oil, 3.91wt. % of weight of catalyst and 5 h for reaction time with 93% of biodiesel yield for predicted value and 87.3% from experimental.
Ricardianequivalence And Lucas Critique: An Alternative Test Of Ricardianequivalence Using Super Exogeneity Tests In Simulated Series

This article considers an alternative methodology nested on super exogeneity tests to verify the occurrence of Ricardian quivalence. The advantage of this new procedure is based on the intuitive appeal and the statistical procedure, more appropriated than the econometric techniques previously adopted in this literature. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
Genetic Variability of Outcross and Selfed Fennel Based on Morphological and ISSR MarkersGenetic Variability of Outcross and Selfed Fennel Based on Morphological and ISSR Markers

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity among 23 outcross and self pollinated populations of fennel collected from different geographical regions of Iran and some European countries. The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of self-pollination on morphological traits and genetic diversity in the next generation. Fifteen primers produced 248 polymorphic bands with an average of 16.53 fragments per primer in outcross populations, while 217 polymorphic fragments with an average of 14.46 fragments per primer were generated in self-pollinated populations. UPGMA dendrogram using Jaccard’s similarity coefficients placed outcross populations in five major groups. The maximum and minimum gene diversity over loci was observed in Albania (0.53) and Poland (0.42) populations, respectively. In general, European fennel populations revealed higher expected heterozygosity (0.47) in comparison with Iranian ones (0.35). Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.37 to 0.49 in self-pollinated populations, while it varied from 0.39 to 0.46 in outcross ones. The classification based on morphological data did not confirm the molecular ones in most cases. Self-pollination led to decline in plant height in most of the studied populations. In overall, plant height of the European populations (54-66.02 cm) was less than that of Iranian ones (55-109.54 cm). Self-pollination elevated the yield of essential oil in studied fennels through its influence on fruit set. In conclusion, Albania population had the highest oil content affected by self-pollination; hence, it can be introduced as one of the valued sources in fennel breeding programs aimed for oil yield improvement.
A-Posteriori Existence in Adaptive Computations

This short note demonstrates that it is not necessary to assume the existence of exact solutions in an a-posteriori error analysis. If the residual of a stable numerical solution is sufficiently small there exists a nearby exact solution for which an a-posteriori error estimate holds. We first develop the idea in an abstract Banach space setting and then demonstrate some further practical details at the nonlinear Laplace equation. The author acknowledges the financial support received from the European research project HPRN-CT-2002-00284: New Materials, Adaptive Systems and their Nonlinearities. Modelling, Control and Numerical Simulation, and the kind hospitality of Carlo Lovadina (University of Pavia).
ARGUMENTATION STRUCTURE AND METACOGNITION IN CONSTRUCTING

This paper reports on a qualitative study of children's discourse-reasoning about knowledge objects emerging when the classroom becomes a community of discourse. Its purpose was to analyze metacognitive reflections with respect to the steps of the argument. Within science education classes, a part of a wider ecological curriculum was implemented by engaging 22 fifth graders in a social constructivist learning environment in which discussions were the means of constructing shared knowledge. First the identified steps of the children's arguments and the different levels of their metacognitive reflections are presented. An analysis of how the latter were made explicit within the upward dynamics of argumentation follows. As hypothesized, the deepest steps of argument were characterized by the highest levels of metacognitive reflections. Examples show that when the children were searching for valid and critically sharable reasons on which to found and support their claims, they were induced to reflect on what, why, how, and when they knew. Therefore this study provides empirical evidence of the ways in which classroom discussions can stimulate higher levels of reasoning and arguing in children operating within their zones of proximal development in a kind of cognitive apprenticeship. (Contains 42 references and 6 tables). (Author/SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** ARGUMENTATION STRUCTURE AND METACOGNITION IN CONSTRUCTING SHARED KNOWLEDGE AT SCHOOL U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office cA Ectucafio.st Resisafth and Improvement EDU ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) BY'TPu$ tiocttment nas been rep(oduced as received from the penton or cogsnaation originating it 0 Minor chanpes have Dien mad* to .mOcove reCrOductioo quahty Points ol pew 09mions stsit'd in thua 6°C°mint 6o not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY ve//4 A/4-360 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC). -
SMART MATERIALS FOR ENVIROMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY USES – DIELECTRIC AND EMC BEHAVIOUR

This paper investigates the dielectric and electromagnetic behavior of polyacrilonitrile composites thin films. Polyacrylonitrile/N-Methyl-Pyrrole composite thin films were prepared by polymerization of pyrrole on polyacrylonitrile matrix [1]. Different concentrations of n-methyl-pyrrole were added to the polyacrylonitrile/dimethylformamide solution to achieve polymerization of pyrrole. The amount of n-methyl pyrrole was varied in order to investigate the influence of the concentration on the dielectric and also on electromagnetic properties in special electromagnetic shielding of the composite polymer.
Deep‐dwelling foraminifera as thermocline temperature recorders

We measured the oxygen isotopic composition of the deep‐dwelling foraminiferal species G. inflata, G. truncatulinoides dextral and sinistral, and P. obliquiloculata in 29 modern core tops raised from the North Atlantic Ocean. We compared calculated isotopic temperatures with atlas temperatures and defined ecological models for each species. G. inflata and G. truncatulinoides live preferentially at the base of the seasonal thermocline. Under temperature stress, i.e., when the base of the seasonal thermocline is warmer than 16°C, G. inflata and G. truncatulinoides live deeper in the main thermocline. P. obliquiloculata inhabits the seasonal thermocline in warm regions. We tested our model using 10 cores along the Mauritanian upwelling and show that the comparison of δ18O variations registered by the surficial species G. ruber and G. bulloides and the deep‐dwelling species G. inflata evidences significant glacial‐interglacial shifts of the Mauritanian upwelling cells.
Nonlinear analysis of race walking gait: movement variability, entropy and motor skills assessment

The aim of this study was to explore the issue of motor skills characterisation, by assessing the regularity of motor patterns during race walking gait. Seven competitive race walkers’ action was analysed through an optoelectronic system and a force platform. Sample entropy, a nonlinear dynamics tool, was adopted to evaluate the regularity of a selection of kinematic and kinetic variables. Results allowed to characterise athletic skill and to evidence the changes that may occur over time. In particular, the subtle anomalies of an injured subject were detected. Sample entropy appeared a valid means for individual monitoring in sports and gave clues for possible injury prevention.
1 Optimal Ecosystem Management with Structural Dynamics

We address the problem of optimal management of a self-organizing ecosystem along ecological succession. A dynamic carrying capacity is interpreted as depicting the dynamics of habitat creation and occupation along ecological succession. The ecosystem may have three growth modes: pure compensation (concave ecosystem regeneration function), depensation (convex-concave regeneration function) and critical depensation (additionally having negative growth rates for low biomass). We analyse the optimal policies for the management of the ecosystem for the three growth modes. Accordingly, we prove the existence of a Skiba points for certain types of ecosystems. Further, we compare usual golden rule paths with the derived optimal policies near the Skiba points.
Reply to reviewer 2 : “ Comments to failure criterions described in the paper ” !

In this paper we describe a waves-in-ice model which calculates ice breakage and the wave radiation stress (WRS) that is coupled to the new sea-ice model neXtSIM, which is based on the Elasto-Brittle (EB) rheology. We highlight some numerical issues involved in the coupling, and investigate the impact of the WRS, and of modifying the EB rheology to lower the stiffness of the ice in the area where the ice has broken up (the marginal ice zone, or MIZ). In experiments in the absence of wind, we find that wind waves can produce noticeable movement of the ice edge in loose ice 5 (concentration around 70%) — up to 36 km, depending on the material parameters of the ice that are used, and the dynamical model used for the broken ice. The ice edge position is unaffected by the WRS if the initial concentration is higher (&0.9). Swell waves (monochromatic waves with low frequency) do not affect the ice edge location (even for loose ice), as they are attenuated much less than the higher frequency components of a wind wave spectrum, and so consequently produce a much lower WRS (by about an order of magnitude at least). 10 In the presence of wind, we find that the wind stress dominates the WRS, which while large near the ice edge, decays exponentially away from it. This is in contrast to the wind stress which is applied over a much larger ice area. In this case (when wind is present) the dynamical model for the MIZ has more impact than the WRS, although that effect too is relatively modest. When the stiffness in the MIZ is lowered due to ice breakage, we find that on-ice winds produce more compression in the MIZ than in the pack, while off-ice winds can cause the MIZ to be separated from the pack ice. 15
Mock modular index of M 2M 5 brane systems

Publisher's copyright statement: Reprinted with permission from the American Physical Society: Physical Review D 96, 026017 c © (2017) by the American Physical Society. Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncommercial personal purposes. Except as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modi ed, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without prior written permission from the American Physical Society.
A Comparison of Calculation by Real-Time and by Linear-Response Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory in the Regime of Linear Optical Response

We present a method to calculate the excited electronic structure of chemical systems via a real-time approach by using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), i.e. real-time TDDFT. The conventional approach of TDDFT is solving the linear response in frequency domain, which we denote here as linear-response TDDFT (LR-TDDFT). Real-time TDDFT (RT-TDDFT) is calculated by integrating the propagation over the time. Detailed deduction and algorithms of RT-TDDFT are discussed. The computation algorithms of the pilot codes for the RT-TDDFT implementation [1] in the Q-Chem quantum chemistry software package is thoroughly checked. The codes of RT-TDDFT are merged into the main develop version of QChem. The computation results are compared between LR-TDDFT and RT-TDDFT. The results show a good match between LR-TDDFT and RT-TDDFT calculation. This proves the validity of RT-TDDFT calculation implementation and prepare us for the future study on the excited states electronic structure and dynamics via the real-time approach.
The Power of Fiction: Reading Stories in Abnormal Psychology

We compared the instructional efficacy of a narrative text (i.e., a story) and an expository text (i.e., a textbook excerpt). Students enrolled in Abnormal Psychology classes read about the disorder, dissociative fugue from a story, a textbook, or both. The story contained literary elements that increased transportation into the story world. We predicted that this would facilitate memory encoding and improve subsequent test performance. Students who read the story achieved higher quiz scores and evidenced greater free recall about the disorder than those who read the textbook. They also reported greater transportation into the discourse. The combined reading conditions were more efficacious than either alone. The advantage of having read the story was evident up to 3 weeks later when students were retested. Our results suggest that, across text genre, the experience of being transported into discourse accounts for greater test performance over time.
Heavy particles in a cylindrical rotating flow

The behavior of heavy particles in solid body rotating flow is studied experimentally with a reynolds number varying between 1150 and 1500. The results are compared to a theoretical model of this system. The surprising findings of this study are that a small sized particle with a density of 1.05 g · cm−3 is suspended in the solid body rotating flow, and that the spin of the particle is small. Earlier work of Van Nierop [13] and Glyn et al. [9] show that a particle which is denser than water has an unstable equilibrium point in the solid body rotation flow, which is however studied without taking the force induced by the wall into account. In this study we include a wall force as is described in the work of Takemura and Magnaudet [12] and Zeng et al. [18]. The new model shows agreement with the experimental results and the results suggest that there exists an equilibrium point for small fdrum (0.07 Hz). In addition, it suggests that there exists a limit cycle above this frequency. Using the model the magnitudes of the dimensionless lift and drag coefficient are estimated by the use of this model. Finally we argue that the reason for the non-rotating behavior of the particle could be caused by an inhomogenouos density distribution in the particle(small holes in the particle), by a slow reacting spin of the particle to the vorticity, or by a symmetric wake.
CONSTRAINTS ON THE DE ' J LOPMENT OF ROBOTS FOR CONSTRUCTION

As an illustration of how robots will be used in any of these unstructured environments, the application to building construction is reviewed in detail. Robots may simply evolve into traditional construction practice as another new tool. Conversely, the entire construction process can be changed through the use of robots. The underlying and principal constraints on this revolutionary process are defined along with the benefits expected from robotized construction.
ANIMAL MODEL HERITABILITY ESTIMATES FOR VARIOUS PRODUCTION AND REPRODUCTION TRAITS OF NILI-RA VI BUFFALOES

Pedigree and performance records (N=3197) of 1322 Nili-Ravi buffaloes maintained at the Livestock Experiment Station, Bahadumagar, Okara, Pakistan during the period 1954 to 1998 were utilized for the estimation of heritability of various production and reproduction traits. The heritability values were estimated by using restricted maximum likelihood procedure fitting an individual animal model. The derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood set of computer programmes was used in this analysis. The heritability estimates were computed as 0.01±0.02 for 305-day lactation milk yield(first record), 0.10±0.01 for 305-day lactation milk yield (all records), 0.001±0.0 I for total lactation milk yield (first record), 0.07±0.06 for total lactation milk yield (all records), 0.06±0.05 for lactation length (first record), O.lI±0.06 for lactation length (all records) 0.07±0.14 for dry period (all records), 0.003±0.01 for age at first calving, 0.06±0.03 for service period(all records), 0.06±0.03 for gestation period (all records) and 0.04±0.05 for calving interval (all records). The low estimates of heritability for all of the production and reproduction traits suggested that most of the observed variation in these traits was due to environmental conditions or non-additive genetic effects. They also indicated low correlation between genotype and phenotype of individual buffaloes and hence much more attention should be paid to the performance of collateral relatives and the progeny in selection programmes. The prospects of improvement of these traits from selection appeared to be poor. The improvement in these traits may be sought by the provision of better environmental conditions i.e. better feeding, better
Experimental and numerical investigations of dike-break induced flows

Experimental model data are compared with numerical computations of dike-break induced flows, focusing on the final steady state. An idealized scale model was designed reproducing the specific boundary conditions of dike breaks. Discharges, water level, and depth profiles of horizontal velocities were recorded and validated by numerical modeling. The latter was performed by two different models solving the two-dimensional depth-averaged shallow water equations, namely a total variation diminishing Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin finite element method, and a finite volume scheme involving a flux vector splitting approach. The results confirmed convergence and general applicability of both methods for dike-break problems. As regards their accuracy, the basic flow pattern was satisfactorily reproduced yet with differences compared to the measurements. Hence, additional simulations by the finite volume model were performed considering various turbulence closures, wall-roughnesses as well as nonuniform Boussinesq coefficients.