Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Thrombectomy for Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke During Pregnancy and the Early Postpartum Period

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background and Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a rare occurrence during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Existing literature evaluating endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for this patient population is limited. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was queried from 2012 to 2018 to identify and characterize pregnant and postpartum patients (up to 6 weeks following childbirth) with AIS treated with MT. Complications and outcomes were compared with nonpregnant female patients treated with MT and to other pregnant and postpartum patients managed medically. Complex samples regression models and propensity score matching were implemented to assess adjusted associations and to address confounding by indication, respectively. Results: Among 4590 pregnant and postpartum patients with AIS, 180 (3.9%) were treated with MT, and rates of utilization increased following the MT clinical trial era (2015–2018; 1.9% versus 5.3%, P=0.011). Compared with nonpregnant patients with AIS treated with MT, they experienced lower rates of intracranial hemorrhage (11% versus 24%, P=0.069) and poor functional outcome (50% versus 72%, P=0.003) at discharge. Pregnant/postpartum status was independently associated with a lower likelihood of development of intracranial hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.09–0.70]; P=0.008) following multivariable analysis adjusting for age, illness severity, and stroke severity. Following propensity score matching, pregnant and postpartum patients treated with MT and those medically managed differed in frequency of venous thromboembolism (17% versus 0%, P=0.001) and complications related to pregnancy (44% versus 64%, P=0.034), but not in functional outcome at discharge or hospital length of stay. Pregnant and postpartum women treated with MT did not experience mortality or miscarriage during hospitalization. Conclusions: This large-scale analysis utilizing national claims data suggests that MT is a safe and efficacious therapy for AIS during pregnancy and the postpartum period. In the absence of prospective clinical trials, population-based cross-sectional analyses such as the present study provide valuable clinical insight.
Correlation of early cognitive dysfunction with inflammatory factors and metabolic indicators in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this investigation was to clarify the correlation of early cognitive dysfunction (CD) with inflammatory factors and metabolic indicators in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Eighty patients with AD who were referred to our hospital from May 2019 to May 2020 were selected as the research group (RG) and 71 non-AD patients served as the control group (CG). The two groups were compared regarding the changes in their mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores and inflammatory factors as well as metabolic indicators. The correlation of MMSE with inflammatory factors and metabolic indicators was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS The RG presented with lower MMSE scores than the CG. Interleukin (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-1β levels, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were all higher in the RG as compared to the CG, while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), ApoE and ApoAI were lower (all P<0.05). The MMSE score was negatively associated with IL-6, CRP, IL-1β, LDL-C, TC, TG, FPG and SBP levels, and was positively correlated with HDL-C, ApoE and ApoAI levels. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory factors and metabolic indicators are highly correlated with early CD in patients with AD, and thus may be excellent potential indicators for the future diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Neuroligin-3 and neuroligin-4X form nanoscopic clusters and regulate growth cone organization and size

Abstract The cell-adhesion proteins neuroligin-3 and neuroligin-4X (NLGN3/4X) have well described roles in synapse formation. NLGN3/4X are also expressed highly during neurodevelopment. However, the role these proteins play during this period is unknown. Here we show that NLGN3/4X localized to the leading edge of growth cones where it promoted neuritogenesis in immature human neurons. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that NLGN3/4X clustering induced growth cone enlargement and influenced actin filament organization. Critically, these morphological effects were not induced by autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-associated NLGN3/4X variants. Finally, actin regulators p21-activated kinase 1 and cofilin were found to be activated by NLGN3/4X and involved in mediating the effects of these adhesion proteins on actin filaments, growth cones and neuritogenesis. These data reveal a novel role for NLGN3 and NLGN4X in the development of neuronal architecture, which may be altered in the presence of ASD-associated variants.
Inhibition of WEE1 Is Effective in TP53- and RAS-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial (FOCUS4-C) Comparing Adavosertib (AZD1775) With Active Monitoring

PURPOSE Outcomes in RAS-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remain poor and patients have limited therapeutic options. Adavosertib is the first small-molecule inhibitor of WEE1 kinase. We hypothesized that aberrations in DNA replication seen in mCRC with both RAS and TP53 mutations would sensitize tumors to WEE1 inhibition. METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed mCRC were registered into FOCUS4 and tested for TP53 and RAS mutations. Those with both mutations who were stable or responding after 16 weeks of chemotherapy were randomly assigned 2:1 between adavosertib and active monitoring (AM). Adavosertib (250 mg or 300 mg) was taken orally once on days 1-5 and days 8-12 of a 3-week cycle. The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS), with a target hazard ratio (HR) of 0.5 and 80% power with a one-sided 0.025 significance level. RESULTS FOCUS4-C was conducted between April 2017 and Mar 2020 during which time 718 patients were registered; 247 (34%) were RAS/TP53-mutant. Sixty-nine patients were randomly assigned from 25 UK hospitals (adavosertib = 44; AM = 25). Adavosertib was associated with a PFS improvement over AM (median 3.61 v 1.87 months; HR = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.68; P = .0022). Overall survival (OS) was not improved with adavosertib versus AM (median 14.0 v 12.8 months; HR = 0.92; 95% CI, 0.44 to 1.94; P = .93). In prespecified subgroup analysis, adavosertib activity was greater in left-sided tumors (HR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.51), versus right-sided (HR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.41 to 2.56; interaction P = .043). Adavosertib was well-tolerated; grade 3 toxicities were diarrhea (9%), nausea (5%), and neutropenia (7%). CONCLUSION In this phase II randomized trial, adavosertib improved PFS compared with AM and demonstrates potential as a well-tolerated therapy for RAS/TP53-mutant mCRC. Further testing is required in this sizable population of unmet need.
The Kappa Opioid Receptor and the Sleep of Reason: Cortico-Subcortical Imbalance Following Salvinorin-A

Abstract Background The mechanisms through which kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists induce psychotomimetic effects are largely unknown, although the modulation of this receptor has attracted attention for its clinical use. In this work, we characterize the neuropharmacological effects of salvinorin-A, a highly selective KOR agonist. Methods Changes in multimodal electroencephalography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and subjective effects following the acute administration of salvinorin-A are reported. The study included 2 sub-studies that employed a double-blind, crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled design. Results The electroencephalography measures showed a marked increase in delta and gamma waves and a decrease in alpha waves while subjects were under the effect of salvinorin-A. Regarding single-photon emission computed tomography measures, significant decreases in regional cerebral blood flow were detected in multiple regions of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices. Significant regional cerebral blood flow increases were observed in some regions of the medial temporal lobe, including the amygdala, the hippocampal gyrus, and the cerebellum. The pattern of subjective effects induced by salvinorin-A was similar to those observed in relation to other psychotomimetic drugs but with an evidently dissociative nature. No dysphoric effects were reported. Conclusion The salvinorin-A–mediated KOR agonism induced dramatic psychotomimetic effects along with a generalized decrease in cerebral blood flow and electric activity within the cerebral cortex.
The foreign body response to an implantable therapeutic reservoir in a diabetic rodent model.

Advancements in type 1 diabetes mellitus treatments have vastly improved in recent years. The move towards a bioartificial pancreas and other fully implantable systems could help restore patient's glycaemic control. However, the long-term success of implantable medical devices is often hindered by the foreign body response. Fibrous encapsulation 'walls off' the implant to the surrounding tissue, impairing its functionality. In this study we aim to examine how streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes affects fibrous capsule formation and composition surrounding implantable drug delivery devices following subcutaneous implantation in a rodent model. After two weeks of implantation, the fibrous capsule surrounding the devices were examined by means of Raman spectroscopy, micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histological analysis. Results revealed no change in mean fibrotic capsule thickness between diabetic and healthy animals as measured by µCT. Macrophage numbers (CCR7- and CD163-positive) remained similar across all groups. True component analysis also showed no quantitative difference in the alpha-smooth muscle actin and extracellular matrix proteins. Although principal component analysis revealed significant secondary structural difference in collagen I in the diabetic group, no evidence indicates an influence on fibrous capsule composition surrounding the device. This study confirms that diabetes did not have an effect on the fibrous capsule thickness or composition surrounding our implantable drug delivery device.
Self-imagery and advertising effectiveness: the role of sense of presence

Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess whether self-imagery is more effective than other-imagery, and if so, to investigate the mechanism of how self-imagery generates more increased positive responses from consumers. Furthermore, we explored the boundary conditions associated with reduced positive effects of self-imagery on consumer responses. The results of Experiment 1 suggest that self-imagery was more effective than other-imagery in generating a favorable attitude toward an advertisement and purchase intention, since it enhanced a sense of presence, and consequently, imagery engagement. However, based on the results of Experiment 2, when an advertisement evoked a sense of high-risk, self-imagery generated a less favorable attitude toward the advertisement than other-imagery due to the emotion of fear evoked by the advertisement.
Transitioning to civilian life: The importance of social group engagement and identity among Australian Defence Force veterans

Objective: Veterans transitioning to civilian life after leaving the military face unique health concerns. Although there is a significant body of research exploring veterans’ experiences of transition and predictors of well-being, there are limited studies examining how social group engagement influences veterans’ transition. We explored how Australian Defence Force veterans’ social group engagement and identity influenced their adjustment to civilian life and well-being. Methods: Forty Australian veterans (85% male; mean age = 37 years, range = 25–57 years) took part in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Participants completed two mapping tasks (a social network map and life course map) that provided a visual component to the interviews. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically and interpreted by adopting a social identity approach. Results: Joining the military involved a process of socialisation into military culture that for most participants led to the development of a military identity. An abrupt or difficult discharge from defence was often associated with a negative impact on social group engagement and well-being in civilian life. Veterans’ social group memberships may act not only as positive psychological resources during transition but also as a potential source of conflict, especially when trying to re-engage with civilian groups with different norms or beliefs. Military values inscribed within a veteran’s sense of self, including a strong sense of service, altruism and giving back to their community, may operate as positive resources and promote social group engagement. Conclusion: Engaging with supportive social groups can support transition to civilian life. Reintegration may be improved via effective linkage with programmes (e.g. volunteering, ex-service support organisations) that offer supportive social networks and draw upon veterans’ desire to give back to community. Social mapping tasks that visualise veterans’ social group structures may be useful for clinicians to explore the roles and conflicts associated with veterans’ social group memberships during transition.
Association of poultry consumption with cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Abstract According to previous cohort studies it is suggested that a high intake of poultry does not adversely affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize and analyze the association between dietary poultry intake and the risk for CVDs, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and all-cause mortality (ACM). Twenty-four cohort studies were included, and the results showed a trivial inverse association for the highest vs. lowest intake category between poultry and ACM (risk ratio [RR] = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.98; I2 = 5%). For all other outcomes no association was observed in the high vs. low intake meta-analysis. The results from the primary pooled data for each 100 g/d increase in poultry intake indicated no association for all outcomes. Further, the non-linear dose-response analysis showed some evidence for non-linearity between poultry consumption and risk for CVD and ACM. Additionally, substituting red and/or processed meat with poultry was inversely associated with the risk for ACM, CVDs, CHD and stroke. The certainty of evidence was rated as very low or low. This meta-analysis suggests that based upon the results from the substitution analyses poultry could be a healthier alternative to red and processed meat. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021. 1975092
Protective effect of the Spirulina platensis against toxicity induced by Diuron exposure in Mytilus galloprovincialis

Abstract Diuron herbicide is widely used for weeds control in many kinds of cultivations. It reaches the waterbodies through various fate routes and can adversely threaten non-target organism. The current study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Spirulina as feed additive against the toxicity of Diuron concentrations (40 and 80 µg/L) on the edible mollusk Mytilus galloprovincialis during seven days of exposure. Oxidative stress biomarkers were applied on mussel gills and digestive gland, investigating changes in enzymes activities such as catalase (CAT), Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the Malondialdehyde level (MDA). The obtained results show that diuron altered oxidative stress biomarkers in both organs, gills and digestive gland. Performed principle component analysis (PCA) highlighted relationship between biomarkers involved in functional response. Spirulina platensis supplemented diet (1 mg/L), completely ameliorated diuron-induced oxidative stress in mussel tissues. Thus, Spirulina seems to be a promising microalgae and eco-friendly tool helping the health recovery of aquatic animals subjected to environmental stressors. Novelty statement This study provided recent and new data on the impact of Diuron in marine bivalve and the protective effect of Spirulina against Diuron-induced oxidative stress. The results of our study suggest that the antioxidant potential of Spirulina should be strongly candidate for the phytoremediation of Diuron-aquatic contaminated.
Psychosocial Experiences in Children With Congenital Melanocytic Nevus on the Face and Their Parents Throughout the Tissue Expansion Treatment

Abstract Large congenial melanocytic nevus (LCMN) on the head and face can have negative psychological effects on children and possibly also parents. Patients and their families experience prolonged periods of stress during tissue expansion treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of LCMN on children and parents and explore their fluctuations of psychological status during treatment. Psychosocial status was evaluated in 30 children with LCMN on the head and face and a control group of 56 sex- and age-matched children using the Child Behavior Checklist and the inventory of Subjective Life Quality for Child and Adolescents. The parents of both groups were also evaluated using the Symptom Checklist-90, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Psychological assessments were performed before expander implantation, before lesion resection, and after operation. Results indicated that children with LCMN were more prone to social problems, withdrawal, and aggressive behavior. Furthermore, their psychological problems increased after entering to school. Parents of children with LCMN had high levels of emotional problems and stress. Continuous expansion resulted in the psychosocial status of both children and parents to reach the worst levels during the period before lesion resection. Six months after surgery, most of these psychosocial effects reduced to levels lower than before surgery. Additionally, we identified several risk factors, namely sex, number of operations, being in education, employment status of mother, and family pressures. Large congenial melanocytic nevus on head and face have considerable psychological impact on children and their parents throughout the tissue expansion treatment. This study demonstrates the need for appropriate psychological screening and interventions.
Internet Gaming Disorder in Children and Associated Factors and Parents' Opinions

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to determine internet gaming disorder (IGD) prevalence in primary grade students and the associated factors and parents' opinions about their children's gaming habits. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 1, 2019, and June 1, 2019. In this study, 805 children's and parents' forms were analyzed. Participation rate was 94.5%. Data were collected using “Digital Gaming-Children's Form,” “Digital Gaming-Parents' Form,” and the “Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF). ” Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and significance tests. Results The mean age of the students was 11.24 ± 1.243 years; 42.7% were male. The children's mean IGDS9-SF score was 16.83 ± 6.53. There were only 91 students with a score equal to or above the cutoff point of 36. The mean IGDS9-SF scores varied according to gender, grade level, family environment, and employment status of the father. Analysis of the students' gaming characteristics and mean IGDS9-SF scores showed that their mean IGDS9-SF scores varied depending on computer/phone/tablet gaming status, type of game played, type of connection, mode of connection, frequency of conflicts with parents, and whether families received help to regulate gaming behavior. Conclusion It is essential for a family to have information about games and talk to their children about the games they play to provide appropriate supervision. Providing families and children with counseling about digital games, IGD symptoms, and considerations by nurses during home visits can play an important role in preventing IGD.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hypertension in Adolescents Aged 12 to 17 Years: A School-Based Study in China

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Hypertension in adolescents has attracted increasing attention. However, large, well-designed studies accurately demonstrating epidemiological characteristics of adolescent hypertension remain insufficient. We, therefore, conducted a population-based multicenter study with repeated blood pressure visits to offer precise prevalence of it. We randomly recruited 42 025 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in 6 centers throughout China from 2018 to 2019. The initial hypertension was estimated in all centers through one blood pressure measurement visit. Confirmed hypertension was evaluated in 3 blood pressure visits in 2 of 6 centers including 16 220 subjects. Hypertension was defined using American and Chinese guidelines and standardized by sex and age using 2010 China population census data. Standardized prevalence of initial and confirmed hypertension were 18.6% (95% CI, 17.3%–20.0%) and 5.9% (95% CI, 4.7%–7.2%) using 2017 American Association Pediatrics hypertension guidelines, respectively and which were 24.5% (95% CI, 23.0%–25.9%) and 8.8% (95% CI, 7.3%–10.3%) using 2018 Chinese hypertension guidelines. Male (odds ratio [OR], 1.275 [95% CI, 1.070–1.520]), parental hypertension history (OR, 1.387 [95% CI, 1.159–1.660]), higher heart rate (OR, 1.043 [95% CI, 1.037–1.049]), higher waist circumference (OR, 1.036 [95% CI, 1.027–1.046]), and adiposity indexes including overweight (OR, 2.211 [95% CI, 1.781–2.745]), and obesity (OR, 3.085 [95% CI, 2.330–4.084]) were identified as risk factors. In conclusion, the prevalence of hypertension was quite high evaluated by both guidelines with several risk factors, and a single blood pressure measurement visit leads to an overestimation of hypertension prevalence among adolescents.
Mothers’ Functional Limitations and Relationship Quality With Adult Children: Exploring the Moderating Roles of Race and Gender

Theory and research on intergenerational relations emphasize the salient role that mothers and their adult children play in one another’s lives. However, little is known about how mothers’ health may shape mother–child relationship quality in later-life. We utilized data from the Within Family Differences Study to explore how mothers’ functional limitations affect multiple dimensions of mother–child relationship quality, as reported by mothers and their offspring, with particular emphasis on whether race, child’s gender, or generational position moderated these associations. Although mothers’ reports of relationship quality were not predicted by their functional limitations, adult children reported higher ambivalence when they perceived their mothers had limitations. Further, adult children in White families reported higher ambivalence when mothers had limitations than did those in Black families. This study highlights the importance of considering the roles of structural factors in shaping the conditions under which health limitations affect mother–child ties.