Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Individual and collateral effects of power in organizations

espanolLos efectos conductuales del empoderamiento han sido poco estudiados en la literatura economica general. En este articulo se revisan las investigaciones conductuales recientes que exploran como el ejercicio del poder puede cambiar el patron de comportamiento de los individuos en organizaciones y empresas, con consecuencias de primer orden para su desempeno. Mientras que en algunos entornos el poder puede aumentar la confianza, el optimismo y la creatividad de las personas empoderadas, simultaneamente puede genera una disposicion relevante para mantenerlo a un alto coste personal que incluso conlleve un nivel suboptimo en la delegacion de tareas. El valor del poder para los individuos depende relevantemente de una combinacion de caracteristicas individuales y factores institucionales, tales como el estatus y la legitimidad que atribuye EnglishThe behavioral effects of being endowed with power have been understudied in the mainstream Economics literature. In this paper, we survey recent behavioral research exploring how the experience of power may change the behavioral pattern of individuals in organizations and firms, with first order consequences for their performance. While in some settings power may boost the confidence, optimism and creativity of empowered individuals, it may also create a significant and substantial willingness to keep it at a high personal cost, taking delegation of tasks to suboptimal levels. The value of power for individuals critically depends on a combination of individual characteristics and institutional factors, like the status and legitimacy attached to it
Earthworm (Clitellata; Megadrili) Records from Eskişehir Province

In this study, earthworm samples collected from 9 localities in Eskisehir Province were identified. At the end of the study, 9 species belonging to 6 genus were found: Aporrectodea jassyensis jassyensis (Michaelsen, 1891), Aporrectodea handlirschi handlirshi (Rosa, 1897), Aporrectodea handlirschi mahnerti (Zicsi, 1973), Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826), Dendrobaena veneta veneta (Rosa, 1884), Dendrodrilus rubidus rubidus (Savigny, 1826), Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister, 1843, Octodrilus complanatus (Duges, 1828), Octodrilus transpadanus (Rosa, 1884), Proctodrilus tuberculatus (Cernosvitov, 1935).
Golgi outposts locally regulate microtubule orientation in neurons but are not required for the overall polarity of the dendritic cytoskeleton

Microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) often play a central role in organizing the cellular microtubule networks that underlie cell function. In neurons, microtubules in axons and dendrites have distinct polarities. Dendrite-specific Golgi outposts, in particular multi-compartment outposts, have emerged as regulators of acentrosomal microtubule growth, raising the question of whether outposts contribute to establishing the overall polarity of the dendritic microtubule cytoskeleton. The cis-Golgi matrix protein GM130 has roles in both the MTOC activity of Golgi and in connecting Golgi compartments to form multi-compartment units. Using a combination of genetic approaches and live imaging in a Drosophila model, we found that GM130 is not essential for the overall polarity of the dendritic microtubule cytoskeleton. However, the mislocalization of multi-compartment Golgi outposts to axons disrupts the uniform orientation of axonal microtubules. This suggests that outposts have the capacity to influence microtubule polarity and, as our data indicate, likely do so independently of microtubule nucleation mediated by the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC). Altogether, our results are consistent with the model that multi-compartment Golgi outposts may locally influence microtubule polarity, but that outposts are not necessary for the overall polarity of the dendritic microtubule cytoskeleton.
Perancangan Perancangan Sistem Pengukuran Kapasitansi Crude Oil Menggunakan Interdigital Capasitors (IDCs) Berbasis Arduino Uno

Arduino UNO R3 is one of the cheapest and easiest microcontroller boards that has great potential to be used as a basis for the measurement system. This study aims to develop measurement system of crude oil capacitance by using IDCs(Interdigital Capacitors). By knowing the value of crude oil capacitance, the crude oil permittivity value can be calculated. The crude oil permittivity value data is extremely needed in making crude oil heating systems using microwaves. The study used IDC sprinted on a PCB board with a copper layer as the electrode. Then, the system measurement results were compared with the results of PM 6303 RCL meter Phillip type A frequency measurement of 1 kHz which was used as reference data to determine the extent of measurement errors. From the results obtained, it is known that the error value of the Arduino UNO R3 based capacitance repeatability measurement is 0.47%. While the results of the linearity test measurement of crude oil capacitance measurement of temperature increases using the Arduino Uno-based IDCs sensor, the R2 value is 0.87. Thus it can be seen that the Arduino UNO R3-based capacitance measuring device has quite good sensor characteristics.
A coding optimized polarization conversion metasurface in broadband and wide‐angle

In this article, a coding optimized metasurface is proposed for linear polarization conversion in broadband and wide‐angle. Using an improved coding method, the geometry of the metallic structure and the size of the unit cell are encoded with a code sequence. The code sequence is optimized by genetic algorithm, considering bandwidth, efficiency, and angular stability. In this way, a coding optimized metasurface was obtained for polarization conversion in broadband and wide‐angle. It can convert linear polarized incidence to its orthogonal polarized reflection in 8 to 18.9 GHz and 0° to 45°, with the polarization conversion ratio larger than 80%. Both simulated and measured results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed metasurface. Hence, our method offers an effective strategy to design high‐performance polarization conversion metasurfaces.
Security of RPL Based 6LoWPAN Networks in the Internet of Things: A Review

Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the fastest emerging networking paradigms enabling a large number of applications for the benefit of mankind. Advancements in embedded system technology and compressed IPv6 have enabled the support of IP stack in resource constrained heterogeneous smart devices. However, global connectivity and resource constrained characteristics of smart devices have exposed them to different insider and outsider attacks, which put users’ security and privacy at risk. Various risks associated with IoT slow down its growth and become an obstruction in the worldwide adoption of its applications. In RFC 6550, the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network (RPL) is specified by IETF’s ROLL working group for facilitating efficient routing in 6LoWPAN networks, while considering its limitations. Due to resource constrained nature of nodes in the IoT, RPL is vulnerable to many attacks that consume the node’s resources and degrade the network’s performance. In this paper, we present a study on various attacks and their existing defense solutions, particularly to RPL. Open research issues, challenges, and future directions specific to RPL security are also discussed. A taxonomy of RPL attacks, considering the essential attributes like resources, topology, and traffic, is shown for better understanding. In addition, a study of existing cross-layered and RPL specific network layer based defense solutions suggested in the literature is also carried out.
Facilitating Students' Motivation in the Basic Communication Course: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective.

Given that students may not find inherent value in their general education courses, and in particular, the basic communication course (BCC), the current study was aimed at exploring the instructor behaviors that students identify as enhancing their motivation within this context. Specifically, the purpose of the current study was to qualitatively explore instructor behaviors and student motivation in the BCC, specifically through the lens of self-determination theory. Open-ended responses from students currently enrolled in a basic communication course resulted in 28 themes, which were organized by student needs of relatedness, autonomy, and competence. Relatedness themes were most frequently reported, with particular emphasis on instructors’ positive teaching style and course content relevance. Practical implications based on student responses are offered for BCC instructors.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, LEVERAGE DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepemilikan manajerial, leverage, dan profitabilitas terhadap harga saham perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2015 sampai 2017. Kepemilikan manajerial diproksikan dengan total kepemilikan saham oleh pihak manajerial, leverage diproksikan dengan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), profitabilitas diproksikan dengan Return On Equity (ROE), dan harga saham yang digunakan adalah harga saham penutupan akhir tahun. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 30 perusahaan manufaktur dengan total pengamatan yaitu sebanyak 90 data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel kepemilikan manajerial berpengaruh negatif terhadap harga saham, leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham, dan variabel profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham. Secara bersama-sama kepemilikan manajerial, leverage, dan profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham.
Memristive properties of solar cells based on perovskite and polymer composite

Organic-inorganic halide perovskites recently have emerged as a perspective material for using in solar cells. This material has many perspective properties, one of them is the ion migration. Modern ionic memristors, electric circuit elements that can change its resistance depending on the current flowing through it, is based on this phenomenon. In this paper, we present the experimentally obtained memristic properties in the perovskite solar cell, which contains composite of perovskite and polymer as absorbing layer instead of pure perovskite.
Specifications: Test Procedures and Acceptance Criteria for New Drug Substances and New Drug Products: Chemical Substances

ensure product quality and process / batch consistency, supplemented by current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) and thorough product understanding. The guidance was developed for the approval of commercial products and was not intended for clinical development, although the concepts are still applicable. During development, knowledge of critical quality attributes (CQAs) may be limited, as significant changes in both synthesis / process (API) and formulation / process (drug product) would be anticipated. ICH M3 provides some useful insight for qualifying impurities during the development phase:
Improved Current Control for a Quasi-Two-Level PWM-Operated Modular Multilevel Converter

Quasi-Two-Level PWM Operation of modular multilevel converters enables a significantly smaller amount of installed module capacitance, even with low output frequencies required for machine drives. This article presents an implementation of this operation mode with an improved current control that leads to fast and precise current transitions. The proposed current control combines a deadbeat controller with a simple hysteresis controller that uses a predictive estimation of branch currents, which are both implemented using an FPGA. The enhanced performance of the proposed control is demonstrated by a comparison to the original one. Experimental results on a laboratory prototype prove the feasibility of Quasi-Two-Level PWM Operation as a machine drive and validate the advantage of reduced overvoltages with long machine cables in comparison to those of conventional two-level inverters.
Semen Quality in the General Population of Bulgaria

Background: With the accumulating evidence of semen difference between distinct populations we decided to conduct a population-based prospective study to assess the reproductive capabilities of the Bulgarian males. Objective: To evaluate the semen parameters in men from the general population of Bulgaria. To analyze the effects of BMI (Body mass index) and tobacco smoking on semen characteristics. Methods: 482 males without history of reproductive problems were included for the purpose of this study. The duration of our study was from April to May in 2016 and April in 2017. The volunteers were subdivided based on their smoking status and on their BMI. After semen collection, a conventional semen analysis was carried out manually by trained embryologists in an andrology laboratory according to WHO recommendations. The results were statistically analyzed and presented with their mean values. Result(s): After semen analysis we report a mean of 3.29 ml for semen volume, 40.68 × 106/ml for spermatozoa concentration, 128.38 × 106 for total sperm count, 52.54% of total motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate and a mean percentage of morphologically normal sperm standing at 9.6%. We did not find a negative effect of tobacco smoking on semen quality; however higher BMI is associated with lower sperm concentration per ml. Discussion and Conclusion(s): This is the first contemporary study, assessing semen quality in Bulgarians. The results obtained here show the lower quality of semen in Bulgaria, compared to other countries. No statistical differences were found between the semen quality of nonsmokers and smokers. Higher BMI was found to be associated with lower sperm concentration per milliliter.
Herbicide-resistant weeds in the Canadian prairies: 2012 to 2017

This report updates the incidence of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds across western Canada from the last report covering 2007 to 2011. This third round of preharvest surveys was conducted in Saskatchewan in 2014 and 2015, Manitoba in 2016, and Alberta in 2017, totaling 798 randomly selected cropped fields across 28 million ha. In addition, we screened 1,108 weed seed samples submitted by prairie growers or industry between 2012 and 2016. Of 578 fields where wild oat seed was collected, 398 (69%) had an HR biotype: 62% acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor (WSSA Group 1) resistant, 34% acetolactate synthase inhibitor (Group 2) resistant, and 27% Group 1+2 resistant (vs. 41%, 12%, and 8%, respectively, in the previous second-round surveys from 2007 to 2009). The sharp increase in Group 2 resistance is the result of reliance on this site of action to manage Group 1 resistance and the resultant increased selection pressure. There are no POST options to control Group 1+2–HR wild oat in wheat or barley. The rise of Group 2 resistance in green foxtail (11% of sampled fields) and yellow foxtail (17% of Manitoba fields), which was not detected in the previous survey round, parallels the results for wild oat resistance. Various Group 2–HR populations of broadleaf weeds were confirmed, with cleavers and field pennycress being most abundant. Results of submission-sample testing reflected survey results. Although not included in this study, a postharvest survey in Alberta in 2017 indicated widespread Groups 2, 4 (dicamba), and 9 (glyphosate) resistance in kochia and Group 2 resistance in Russian thistle. These surveys bring greater awareness of HR weeds to growers and land managers at local and regional levels, and highlight the urgency to preserve herbicide susceptibility in our key economic weed species.Nomenclature: Acetolactate synthase inhibitor; acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor; dicamba; glyphosate; Cleavers, Galium spp. ; field pennycress, Thlaspi arvense L. ; green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. ; kochia, Bassia scoparia (L.) A. J. Scott; Russian thistle, Salsola tragus L. ; wild oat, Avena fatua L. ; yellow foxtail, Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult
Comparison of planktonic and reed biofilm bacteria in different riverine water bodies of river Danube

As the submerged shoot parts of common reed (Phragmites australis) can provide large surfaces for biofilm‐forming bacteria, extensive reed stands can effectively contribute to the self‐purification in the littoral zones of freshwaters. However, bacterial biofilm developed on reed surfaces have been studied only in still waters. In the present study, comparative examinations were performed on the planktonic and reed biofilm bacterial communities from two different riverine water bodies. Water and reed biofilm samples were taken at the beginning and end of the vegetation period from (a) a regulated side arm and (b) a separated oxbow of River Danube. Besides measuring physical and chemical environmental variables, planktonic bacterial cell numbers were detected by 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole staining method, and the bacterial communities were compared by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Our results demonstrated that the structure and composition of bacterial communities correlated with different environmental variables and were different regarding both the habitats (planktonic vs. reed biofilm) and the types of riverine water bodies. The seasonal differences in the bacterial community structures were smaller in the river side arm than in the separated oxbow. In the water column, representatives of widespread and typical freshwater planktonic bacteria (“Candidatus Planktophila,” Limnohabitans, and Polynucleobacter), whereas, in the reed biofilm samples, phototrophic and plant associated bacteria were identified.
The cuts procedure for regression based solely on the signs of the residuals

DRUMMOND, DOUGLAS JAMES. The Cuts Procedure for Regression based solely on the signs of the residuals. (Under the direction of DANA QUADE.) Median regression models are studied under the sole assumption that the error components in the regression model are independent. Using a quadratic form in the signs of the hypothesized residuals, a distribution-free test is developed which measures the degree to which the hypothesized function passes "through the observed data". The matrix of the quadratic form can be chosen so as to test against general or specific alternatives. The robustness of the test procedure to a particularly damaging form of dependence is discussed. Confidence regions and parameter estimates are then obtained by inverting the above test. The merits of the procedure as a general approach to regression models are discussed from both a theoretical and practical point of view. The possibility of easily extending the approach taken to percentile regression models and discrimination among models is also presented.
Influence of Ba and Mo co-doping on the structural, electrical, magnetic and optical properties of BiFeO3 ceramics

In this work, Bi 0.8 Ba 0.2 Fe 1 − x Mo x O 3 (x = 0, 0.5, 0.10 and 0.15) ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction to evaluate the influence of Ba2+ and Mo6+ co-doping on the structure, morphology, electrical, magnetic and optical properties of BiFeO 3 ceramic. Rietveld refinement of x-ray diffraction data was done to obtain the subtle structural information. A tetragonal structure of P4mm type was revealed for Bi 0.8 Ba 0.2 FeO 3 (x = 0) ceramic. Evolution of rhombohedral (R3c) phase was observed with Mo6+ doping and a complete transformation to R3c phase from P4mm was found for 15 wt% Mo6+ doping. This type of transformation causes distortion in the structure and results in changing bond angle. Magnetization was found to be improved with increasing the percentage of Mo6+ up to 10 wt%. Canting of spin due to the change in Fe-O-Fe bond angle is believed to be the main reason behind this improvement. One secondary phase BaMoO 4 was found and becomes prominent with Mo6+ doping. Possible formation of this impurity and its correlation with properties are explained. Microstructural analysis was done to observe the Ba2+ and Mo6+ co-doping effect on grain size and distribution. A correlation of grain size with electric and magnetic properties is drawn and elucidated. Dielectric constant shows an increasing trend with Mo6+ doping. Reduction in oxygen vacancy, due to charge compensation upon high charged Mo6+ addition, believed to be the staple reason behind the dielectric constant increment. Lastly, optical band gap energy found to be decreased with the addition of Mo6+ and possible reasons behind this are evaluated. Overall, co-doping of Ba2+ and Mo6+ found to have a positive influence over materials electrical, optical as well as magnetic property.
An exploration of the coping mechanisms of caregivers of persons diagnosed with severe mental illness, in the Western Cape, South Africa

This exploratory study on the coping mechanisms of caregivers in the Western Cape was undertaken in order to gain a better understanding of what caregivers experience and utilise in order to cope with their role as caregivers. Informal caregivers are the primary carers for people with a severe mental illness living within communities. They often carry a significant burden in this role and have many stresses which they need to deal with. It is therefore essential that a better understanding of their experience is gained in order to provide relevant support services and interventions. Hopefully the insights gained in this study will contribute to the formation of policies and interventions for caregivers which are appropriate and lead to further research in this field. This study was a qualitative study, conducted with 18 caregivers who participated in in-depth interviews. The results show that there is a large variety of both positive and negative coping mechanisms which caregivers employ dealing with the challenges and stresses they face. Positive coping mechanisms ranged from: making use of services and facilities available, working or keeping busy, knowledge of mental illness, support from family and friends, faith, finding the right doctor for the mentally ill person,
Coupling Water Column and Sediment Biogeochemical Dynamics: Modeling Internal Phosphorus Loading, Climate Change Responses, and Mitigation Measures in Lake Vansjø, Norway

We expanded the existing one‐dimensional MyLake model by incorporating a vertically resolved sediment diagenesis module and developing a reaction network that seamlessly couples the water column and sediment biogeochemistry. The application of the MyLake‐Sediment model to boreal Lake Vansjø illustrates the model's ability to reproduce daily water quality variables and predict sediment‐water column exchange fluxes over a long historical period. In prognostic scenarios, we assessed the importance of sediment processes and the effects of various climatic and anthropogenic drivers on the lake's biogeochemistry and phytoplankton dynamics. First, MyLake‐Sediment was used to simulate the potential impacts of increasing air temperature on algal growth and water quality. Second, the key role of ice cover in controlling water column mixing and biogeochemical cycles was analyzed in a series of scenarios that included a fully ice‐free end‐member. Third, in another end‐member scenario P loading from the watershed to the lake was abruptly halted. The model results suggest that remobilization of legacy P stored in the bottom sediments could sustain the lake's primary productivity on a time scale of several centuries. Finally, while the majority of management practices to reduce excessive algal growth in lakes focus on reducing external P loads, other efforts rely on the addition of reactive materials that sequester P in the sediment. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of ferric iron additions in decreasing the dissolved phosphate efflux from the sediment and, consequently, limit phytoplankton growth in Lake Vansjø.