Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sub-millimeter planar imaging with positron emitters: EGS4 code simulation and experimental results

Experimental data for planar imaging with positron emitters (pulse height, efficiency and spatial resolution) obtained with two matrices of 25 crystals (2/spl times/2/spl times/30 mm/sup 3/ each) of YAP:Ce coupled with a position sensitive photomultiplier (Hamamatsu R2A86-06) have been reproduced with high accuracy using the EGS4 code. Extensive simulation provides a detailed description of the performance of this type of detector as a function of the matrix granularity, the geometry of the detector and detection threshold. We present the Monte Carlo simulation and the preliminary experimental results of a prototype planar imaging system made of two matrices, each one consisting of 400 (2/spl times/2/spl times/30 mm/sup 3/) crystals of YAP:Ce.
Demonstrating multilevel entanglement and optimal quantum measurements

Optimal generalised quantum measurements are important for quantum information applications in both photonic and solid state systems. However, until now, the implementations of such measurements have been optical. Entanglement is also a very important resource in quantum communication and information processing. However, highdimensional entangled states and corresponding Bell-inequality violations are challenging to detect and demonstrate experimentally. This thesis focuses on these two aspects of signal detection. A cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) scheme to realise an optimised quantum measurement demonstrating the superadditivity of quantum channel capacity is proposed and analysed. The measurement is shown to be feasible using atoms in a cavity QED setup even in the presence of rather high levels of experimental errors. This is interesting because cavity QED realisations could potentially be more easily scaled to increase quantum coding gain. Experimental unambiguous discrimination between non-orthogonal states is also carried out for the first time in the solid state using the nuclear spin of a nitrogen atom associated with a defect in bulk diamond—an important step for implementations of solid-state quantum computing. This thesis presents a method for verifying entanglement dimension using only Bell inequality test measurements. It also shows experimental results demonstrating genuine eleven-dimensional two-photon orbital angular momentum (OAM) entanglement and violations of generalised Bell inequalities up to dimension twelve. The demonstrated highdimensional entanglement is potentially useful for closing the detection loophole in Belltest experiments and for real-world large-alphabet quantum-cryptography applications.
Developing Language Resources and NLP Tools for the North Korean Language

Since the division of Korea, the two Korean languages have diverged significantly over the last 70 years. However, due to the lack of linguistic source of the North Korean language, there is no DPRK-based language model. Consequently, scholars rely on the Korean language model by utilizing South Korean linguistic data. In this paper, we first present a large-scale dataset for the North Korean language. We use the dataset to train a BERT-based language model, DPRK-BERT. Second, we annotate a subset of this dataset for the sentiment analysis task. Finally, we compare the performance of different language models for masked language modeling and sentiment analysis tasks.
Stochastic Intrinsic Kriging for Simulation Metamodelling

Kriging provides metamodels for deterministic and random simulation models. Actually, there are several types of Kriging; the classic type is so-called universal Kriging, which includes ordinary Kriging. These classic types require estimation of the trend in the input-output data of the underlying simulation model; this estimation deteriorates the Kriging metamodel. We therefore consider so-called intrinsic Kriging originating in geostatistics, and derive intrinsic Kriging for deterministic and random simulations. Moreover, for random simulations we derive experimental designs that specify the number of replications that varies with the input combination of the simulation model. To compare the performance of intrinsic Kriging and classic Kriging, we use several numerical experiments with deterministic simulations and random simulations. These experiments show that intrinsic Kriging gives better metamodels, in most experiments.
The Contribution of Vegetation‐Climate Feedback and Resultant Sea Ice Loss to Amplified Arctic Warming During the Mid‐Holocene

Understanding influence of vegetation on past temperature changes in the Arctic region would help isolate uncertainty and build understanding of its broader climate system, with implications for paleoclimate reconstructions and future climate change. Using an Earth system model EC‐Earth, we conduct a series of simulations to investigate the impact of vegetation‐climate feedback on the Arctic climate during the mid‐Holocene. Results show Arctic greening induced by the warming resulting from stronger orbital forcing, further amplifies the Arctic warming. The increased vegetation contributes 0.33°C of Arctic warming and 0.35 × 106 km2 of Arctic sea ice loss. Increased Arctic vegetation leads to reduced land surface albedo and increased evapotranspiration, both of which cause local warming in spring and summer. The resultant sea ice loss causes warming in the following seasons, with atmospheric circulation anomalies further amplifying the warming. Our results highlight the significant contribution of vegetation‐climate feedback to Arctic climate under natural conditions.
Bifurcation of Periodic Delay Differential Equations at Points of 1:4 Resonance

The time-periodic scalar delay differential equation \dot{x}(t) = gamma f(t,x(t-1)) is considered, which leads to a resonant bifurcation of the equilibrium at critical values of the parameter. Using Floquet theory, spectral projection and center manifold reduction, we give conditions for the stability properties of the bifurcating invariant curves and four-periodic orbits. The coe±cients of the third order normal form are derived explicitly. We show that the 1:4 resonance has no e®ect on equations of the form \dot{z}(t)=-gamma r(t)g(x(t-1)).
Growth, optical characterization, and laser operation of epitaxial Yb:KY(WO4)2∕KY(WO4)2 composites with monoclinic structure

Epitaxial monoclinic double tungstate laser crystals were grown with high crystalline quality. Based on these Yb-doped composites, laser operation was demonstrated. Continuous-wave laser emission of a Yb:KYW∕KYW crystal was achieved at 1030nm. The 25‐μm-thin Yb:KYW layer was pumped at wavelengths near 980nm by a Ti:sapphire laser. A maximum output power of 40mW was obtained at room temperature.
Sulfate biosensor for environmental applications

Sulfate is present in all freshwater and marine environments and is reduced to toxic and corrosive hydrogen sulfide by anaerobic bacteria. By measuring depth profiles of sulfate in sediments, it is possible to obtain estimates of sulfate reduction rates (SRRs). A whole‐cell microscale biosensor for sulfate was constructed by placing a mixture of sulfate‐reducing and aerobic bacteria in front of a hydrogen sulfide microsensor. The bacteria were supplied with electron donors from a reservoir behind the bacterial biomass. The aerobic bacteria ensured anaerobic conditions in deeper parts of the 150‐μm‐thick bacterial layer, so that the sulfate reducers could be active. A typical tip diameter of a sulfate biosensor is 50 μm. The calibration curve was close to linear in the 0–2 mM range, with a detection limit of about 10 μM. The 90% response time varied between 90 and 220 s, slowest response at low concentrations. Oxygen and ferrous iron at environmental concentrations gave no interference, but there was a 6% signal difference between stirred and stagnant liquid medium. The sensitivity of the biosensor could be modulated by applying a charge between sensor interior and an external electrode. The lifetime is usually a few weeks. The biosensor was used to measure sulfate profiles in a freshwater sediment.
Neoliberal Küresellesme Kalkinma için Bir Firsat mi, Engel mi?

Bu calismanin amaci, neoliberal kuresellesme sureci icinde kalkinma acisindan ortaya cikan firsat ve engelleri tartismak, bu surecle kalkinma arasindaki iliskiyi butuncul olma kaygisi tasimadan ana hatlariyla sorgulamaktir. Neoliberal iktisat politikalari kuresellesme surecini besleyen temel unsur olarak belirlenmekte ve bu surecin kalkinma acisindan firsatlardan cok engeller olusturdugu ve kalkinma amaciyla kimi temel acilardan celistigi sonucuna varilmaktadir.
Customer Satisfaction Measurement Models: Generalised Maximum Entropy Approach

This paper presents the methodology of the Generalised Maximum Entropy (GME) approach for estimating linear models that contain latent variables such as customer satisfaction measurement models. The GME approach is a distribution free method and it provides better alternatives to the conventional method; Namely, Partial Least Squares (PLS), which used in the context of costumer satisfaction measurement. A simplified model that is used for the Swedish customer satis faction index (CSI) have been used to generate simulated data in order to study the performance of the GME and PLS. The results showed that the GME outperforms PLS in terms of mean square errors (MSE). A simulated data also used to compute the CSI using the GME approach.
The Therapeutic Effectiveness Using Fluorescence-Guided Surgery for MRONJ

Background Long-term application of antiresorptive and/or antiangiogenic agents may cause oral disorders, including medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), which remains an incurable disease. Surgical treatment can help alleviate infection of the jaw and block the progress of the disease, but postoperative recurrence is often caused by incomplete resection of necrotic bone during surgery. The traditional method for determining the boundary of necrotic bone resection is primarily based on the color, geology, and microcirculation-based bleeding state according to the bone tissue, which is easily affected by the surgeon's clinical experience and can cause insufficient resection of osteonecrosis bone. Recent studies have proposed using fluorescence technology-assisted necrotic bone resection. Objective Systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of fluorescence-guided MRONJ surgery. Design PubMed/MedLine, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to February 7, 2022. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were evaluated according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool ROB 2, and non-RCT (N-RCT) studies were evaluated according to the ROBINS-I tool. Results A total of 6 articles were included in the systematic review, including 4 N-RCT studies (1 retrospective study and 3 prospective studies) and 2 RCT studies, with 240 patients and 280 MRONJ lesions. The vast majority of studies were with moderate risk of bias, and the quality of the evidence was moderate. Conclusion Evidence of moderate strength suggests that fluorescence-assisted techniques effectively determine the bone resection boundaries in MRONJ surgery. However, whether the prognosis of patients treated with fluorescence-guided surgery is significantly better than that of traditional surgery must be proved by randomized controlled studies with larger sample sizes and higher quality.
Islands in the Λ-sea: An alternative cosmological model

We propose an alternative cosmological model in which our observable Universe is an island in a cosmological constant sea. Initially the Universe is filled with cosmological constant of the currently observed value but is otherwise empty. In this eternal or semieternal de Sitter spacetime, we show that local quantum fluctuations (upheavals) can violate the null energy condition and create islands of matter. The perturbation spectra of quantum fields other than that responsible for the upheaval, are shown to be scale invariant. With further cosmic evolution the island disappears and the local Universe returns to its initial cosmological constant dominated state.
Advising in Family Firms: Shaping Relational Dynamics and Trustful Connections in Strategy Work

The purpose of this article is to explore strategy advisors’ actions and interactions with family actors and nonfamily managers for strategy work in family businesses. By combining the strategy-as-practice perspective with the concept of emotional engagement practices, we interpret the case of a family firm collaborating with an external advisor over a 15-year period. We add to prior studies by showing how advisors work to build trustful and emotional connections that shape relational dynamics within evolving spaces of strategic discussion. We highlight the implications for strategy work, which change as relational dynamics develop over time.
Job Crafting, Performance, and the Mediating Role of Gratitude:

Job crafting plays a key role in many aspects of the job. Providing support and autonomy to craft the job, makes the employees grateful and influences job related outcomes. We intended to examine the mediating role of gratitude on the relationship between job crafting and job performance. We surveyed the salesperson of tourism and hospitality organizations in India. Results showed that job crafting positively influences job performance mediated by the emotion of gratitude. Key theoretical and practical implications of our study are discussed followed by direction for future research.
Polarization sensitivity testing of off-plane reflection gratings

Off-Plane reflection gratings were previously predicted to have different efficiencies when the incident light is polarized in the transverse-magnetic (TM) versus transverse-electric (TE) orientations with respect to the grating grooves. However, more recent theoretical calculations which rigorously account for finitely conducting, rather than perfectly conducting, grating materials no longer predict significant polarization sensitivity. We present the first empirical results for radially ruled, laminar groove profile gratings in the off-plane mount which demonstrate no difference in TM versus TE efficiency across our entire 300-1500 eV bandpass. These measurements together with the recent theoretical results confirm that grazing incidence off-plane reflection gratings using real, not perfectly conducting, materials are not polarization sensitive.
The Exasperating Economic Misery in Nigeria: Can we Depend on Monetary Policy?

The core objective of this study was to detect the influence of monetary policy on economic misery in Nigeria from 1991 to 2021. The study employed the Granger causality test, autoregressive lag (ARDL) bounds test for cointegration, the fully modified ordinary least squares, impulse response function, and the variance decomposition in analyzing the data. From the Granger causality test, it was realized that a one-way causality flows from the monetary policy rate to economic growth. The ARDL bounds test for cointegration validated the existence of a long-run relationship between monetary policy rate and economic misery in Nigeria. From the long-run estimates, it was observed that the effect of monetary policy rate on economic misery is positive and significant. Furthermore, it was realized that the effect of monetary policy rate on inflation has been positive and significant, while the effect on unemployment has been negative but insignificant. The impulse response function portrayed that economic misery responded positively to shocks in monetary policy in the short-run but such response is being decomposed in the long-run. These findings therefore justify the Central Bank of Nigeria’s stance of increasing the monetary policy rate to tackle inflation, which will hitherto reduce the economic misery in Nigeria.
Passion and Resilience: Experiences of Public Primary School Teachers in Handling Children with Reading Difficulties in Online Teaching

Aim: This phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of public primary school teachers in handling children with reading difficulties during online teaching. Study Design: Descriptive Phenomenology. Place and Duration of the Study: Bacolod City, Philippines, February to July 2022. Methods: Participants were identified using a purposive sampling technique. Nine (9) public primary school teachers answered the interview using an unstructured in-depth interview. The data collection was done sequentially. In analyzing the participants' transcripts, thematic analysis using the modified van Kaam approach popularized by Moustakas (1994) was utilized. Results: Analyses of the data revealed that utilizing innovative practices in the teaching-learning process helped teachers handle children with reading difficulties. Also, the aide of Parent Facilitated Learning as an ally for teaching remediated the exhaustion of teachers' workloads. Furthermore, this qualitative research generated data from the participants with three major themes, and 12 sub-themes emerged: (1) dealing with children's problems in fundamental skills; subthemes (8): poor letter identification, poor phonetic foundation, a poor blending of word pattern, poor word recognition, poor reading comprehension, low academic motivation, low academic performance, attention deficit, (2) dealing with online instructions; subthemes (2): poor internet access and problems with the schedule of classes, and (3) utilizing innovative practices to address problems on reading difficulties of children, sub-themes (2): using word and picture cues and parent-facilitated learning. Conclusion: Public primary school teachers encountered challenges and struggles handling children with reading difficulties in the new learning platform. These experiences create an opportunity to pursue their passion and commitment to teaching during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This paved the way for passionate and resilient teachers in precarious times.
Influence of Functional Monomer Glutathione on Core-shell Double Heterostructured Nanocage NiO/NiFe2O4@Zn0.76Co0.24S Performances as Electrochemical Sensor for Bromisoval Determination

with core-shell type double heterostructures were synthesized using a core-shell design scheme. Among them, NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 cubic cores were obtained by calcination of Ni-Fe Prussian blue analogs (PBAs), and Zn-Co-like zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) growed in situ around these cubic cores and were sulfided to obtain NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 @Zn 0.76 Co 0.24 S NCs. The composite has a large specific surface area of 249.66 m 2 g -1 due to the inherited structure of the two bimetallic organic frameworks. And there is a core-shell double heterogeneous synergy between the Zn 0.76 Co 0.24 S NCs and p-p heterostructured NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 , which makes the modified electrode exhibit superior electrochemical performance for Bromisoval (BVU). In addition, glutathione (GSH) was explored to significantly enhance the electrochemical activity of BVU by nucleophilic substitution binding of its own -SH with -Br on BVU, which greatly improved the sensitivity. Then, GSH was developed as a new functional monomer, and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was selected as a secondary functional monomer, and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) of BVU was prepared by CV electropolymerization to achieve a specific recognition of BVU. An electrochemical sensor based on NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 @Zn 0.76 Co 0.24 S NCs and MIP was constructed to detect BVU by DPV. Under the optimal conditions, the oxidation peak current of BVU was linear over the concentration range of 0.006-3.5 μM, with the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.28 nm and 0.933 nm, respectively. The sensitivity reached 11.0303 μA·μM -1 ·cm -2 . The method has a wider linear range and lower detection limits compared to other assays for BVU. And the sensor showed excellent reproducibility, repeatability and stability and had been applied to the determination of BVU in human serum and cosmetics with satisfactory results.
When Mainstream and Alternative Media Integrate: A Polysystem Approach to Media System Interactions

In a diverse media ecosystem of transitions and integrations, this research uses polysystem theory to conceptualize the integration of alternative media systems within their mainstream media counterparts. These interactions are examined using interviews and participant observations through three case studies—(1–2) Integration of two independent web-content creator groups into mainstream Israeli television system and (3) integration of ultra-Orthodox filmmakers into mainstream Israeli cinema system. The findings show that stiff and flexible systems are two main forms of characterizing relations between alternative and mainstream systems—defined based on the specific interests and implications for each media system, including integrated content, producer perceptions, and audience reception. It includes themes of recognition, conservatism, novelty, freedom, and authenticity. The interactions reveal processes of diffusion or symbiosis of the source system’s products. The findings contribute to a theoretical model of media interactions that offers ways of examining and defining the characteristics of media system interactions.
Galaxies of Redshift z > 5: The View from Stony Brook

We report on some aspects of our efforts to establish properties of the extremely faint galaxy population by applying our photometric redshift technique to the HDF and HDF-S WFPC2 and NICMOS fields. We find that cosmological surface brightness dimming effects play a dominant role in setting what is observed at redshifts z > 2, that the comoving number density of high intrinsic surface brightness regions increases monotonically with increasing redshift, and that previous estimates neglect a significant or dominant fraction of the ultraviolet luminosity density of the universe due to surface brightness effects. The ultraviolet luminosity density of the universe plausibly increases monotonically with increasing redshift to redshifts beyond z = 5.
Periodic Nulls in Pulsar B1133+16

Numerous studies of the brightest Cambridge pulsar, B1133+16, have revealed little order in its individual pulses, apart from a weak 30‐odd‐rotation‐period fluctuation feature and that some 15% of the star's pulsars are “nulls. ” New Arecibo observations confirm this fluctuation feature and that it modulates all the emission, not simply the “saddle” region. By replacing each pulse with a scaled version of the average profile we were able to quench all subpulse modulation and thereby demonstrate that the star's “null” pulses exhibit a similar periodicity. An unabridged analysis of periodic nulling (using the techniques in this paper) in pulsar B1133+16 is in Herfindal & Rankin (2007).