Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Asymptotic Model-Free Trajectory-Independent Tracking Control of an Uncertain Marine Vehicle: An Adaptive Universe-Based Fuzzy Control Approach

Motivated by the challenging difficulty in tracking an uncertain marine vehicle (MV) with unknown dynamics and disturbances to any unmeasurable/unknown trajectory, which is unresolved, an adaptive universe-based fuzzy control (AUFC) scheme with retractable fuzzy partitioning (RFP) in global universe of discourse (UoD) is created to achieve global asymptotic model-free trajectory-independent tracking. By defining an error surface and intensively exploring the MV structure, tracking error dynamics are sufficiently trimmed via separating external unknowns including trajectory dynamics and disturbances from internal nonlinearities dependent on tracking errors. An innovative retractable fuzzy approximator (RFA) using the RFP is developed to estimate internal nonlinearities and does not require a priori knowledge on the UoD, thereby contributing to a globally adaptive approximation based control approach in conjunction with Lyapunov synthesis. Together with RFA residuals, external unknowns are globally dominated by adaptive universal compensators driven by tracking error surface. Eventually, tracking errors and their derivatives globally asymptotically converge to the origin and all other signals of the closed-loop system are bounded. Simulation studies demonstrate superior performance of the proposed AUFC scheme in terms of both tracking and approximation.
ic Costs and Physio Consequences of Acc imation to uminum in e Rainbow Trout Oncwhynchus rn

juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, 5-1 3 g) were chronically exposed to sublethal Al (38 p g = ~ ' ) in acidified soft water (Naf = 85, ~ a " = 28 ~ , E ~ . L ' , pH 5.2-5.4) for 36 d. Acclimation (increased resistance to challenge with 162 p,g AI-L-' AI at pH 5.2) occurred after 5 d and was associated with a fourfold increase in gill mucous cell density and reduction in apparent lamellar surface area; initially elevated blood-water diffusion distances returned to normal after 34 d, but the reduction in apparent surface area persisted. Chronic exposure to acid alone (pH 5.2, same water chemistry) caused ns morphometric changes but resulted in persistent impairment sf U,,, (critical aerobic swimming speed) by about 10%. This was due to increased oxygen requirements at subcritical swimming speeds (loading stress) and was alleviated when trout were swurn at pH 6.5 (zero Al) on day 36. In trout preexposed to sublethal A%, U,,;, was chronically impaired by approximately 16% due to loading stresses and reduction in the maximum rate of oxygen uptake, Mo, ,, (limiting stress); UCri, and Mo, ,,, remained depressed even when fish were swum at pH 6.5 (zero Al). Reduced gill area compromises the aerobic scope for activity but may be an unavoidable cost of acclimation to Al.
Maxillary Impacted Canines ; Clinical Review

Impacted canines are a common finding among patients, who demand orthodontic treatment. Diagnosis of impacted canine is achieved by clinical and radiographic examination. Treatment planning is based upon diagnostic findings and criteria that must be in consideration in order to assure minimal injury and periodontal health. So long as orthodontic treatment is decided on, the attraction of impacted canine is made by elastic chain applied directly to brackets of the adjacent to impacted canine teeth, to orthodontic wire, to orthodontic screw, to lingual or palatal bar vs transpalatal bar with extention. The last three are used like anchorage system of dental arch. The aim of this study is to review the etiology of canine impaction and to emphasize the importance of imaging and data processing in diagnosis. To criticize different surgical methods and treatment options with the opportunity of dealing with ? cases presented in this paper. All cases were treated by interdisciplinary cooperation between an orthodontist and oral and maxillofacial surgeons
Internet of Things education: Labor market training needs and national policies

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are a pillar of European economy. Nowadays the acquisition of new e-competences is essential to follow the digital transformation for the society and the market, and to keep an adequate level of competitiveness. Internet of Things (IoT) are producing a relevant impact in several economic sectors (industry, transportations, energy, agriculture, home automation, etc.). This technology has a high potential in terms of new business opportunities and new job positions. Several national and European policies have been set-up to train the EU companies to the adoption and diffusion of the IoT technologies. This is also the main aim of the European project IoT4SMEs. In this paper, we describe the early activity of the project, focused on an assessment of the labour market training needs related to the IoT technologies.
An Analysis of Taxi Driver’s Route Choice Behavior Using the Trace Records

Understanding travelers’ route choice behavior is a key task in transportation studies. In this paper, we analyze the route choices of Beijing taxi drivers regarding four frequently mentioned cost-based route choice rules: pursuing shortest time, or distance, avoiding passing signalized intersections, or making left/right turnings. Test results show that route choices of drivers are not always optimal according to either of these rules. Instead, we argue that taxi drivers are bounded rational and usually choose a satisfactory route that belongs to one of the few routes that consume the shortest times. Test results show that more than 90% observed traces can be explained by this simple explanation.
Effects of robot-assisted training on upper limb functional recovery during the rehabilitation of poststroke patients.

BACKGROUND The study aims to determine the effectiveness of robot-assisted training in the recovery of stroke-affected arms using an exoskeleton robot Armeo Spring. OBJECTIVE To identify the effect of robot training on functional recovery of the arm. METHODS A total of 34 stroke patients were divided into either an experimental group (EG; n= 17) or a control group (n= 17). EG was also trained to use the Armeo Spring during occupational therapy. Both groups were clinically assessed before and after treatment. Statistical comparison methods (i.e. one-tailed t-tests for differences between two independent means and the simplest test) were conducted to compare motor recovery using robot-assisted training or conventional therapy. RESULTS Patients assigned to the EG showed a statistically significant improvement in upper extremity motor function when compared to the CG by FIM (P< 0.05) and ACER (P< 0.05). The calculated treatment effect in the EG and CG was meaningful for shoulder and elbow kinematic parameters. CONCLUSIONS The findings show the benefits of robot therapy in two areas of functional recovery. Task-oriented robotic training in rehabilitation setting facilitates recovery not only of the motor function of the paretic arm but also of the cognitive abilities in stroke patients.
Colloidal synthesis of germanium nanocrystals

In this study, colloidal germanium nanocrystals were synthesized by a simple and novel method, and their optical properties were also studied. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a surface modifier was used to control the optical properties of colloidal Ge nanocrystals. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed to identify the various functional groups present in the sample. TEM was used to confirm the formation of nanocrystals and observe the morphology and size of particles. To investigate the optical properties of the prepared nanocrystals, UV-Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy were also employed. Experimental results showed that the synthesized Ge nanocrystals have a spherical shape with the average particle size about 7 nm. FTIR spectrum indicates that Ge nanocrystals are well passivated with minimal surface oxidation. They exhibited luminous blue appearances of light. The emission peak is located at 455 nm wavelength. Also, the direct optical band gap of Ge colloidal nanocrystals was evaluated by Tauc's theory. The crystallinity of Ge nanocrystals was also evaluated by X-ray diffraction pattern analysis. The X-ray diffraction peaks confirmed that Ge nanocrystals have been crystallized in the diamond cubic crystallization
Enediynes, enyne‐allenes, their reactions, and beyond

Enediynes undergo a Bergman cyclization reaction to form the labile 1,4‐didehy‐drobenzene (p‐benzyne) biradical. The energetics of this reaction and the related Schreiner–Pascal reaction as well as that of the Myers–Saito and Schmittel reactions of enyne‐allenes are discussed on the basis of a variety of quantum chemical and available experimental results. The computational investigation of enediynes has been beneficial for both experimentalists and theoreticians because it has led to new synthetic challenges and new computational methodologies. The accurate description of biradicals has been one of the results of this mutual fertilization. Other results have been the computer‐assisted drug design of new antitumor antibiotics based on the biological activity of natural enediynes, the investigation of hetero‐ and metallo‐enediynes, the use of enediynes in chemical synthesis and materials science, or an understanding of catalyzed enediyne reactions.
A High-Performance Accelerator for Large-Scale Convolutional Neural Networks

Convolutional neural networks(CNNs) have been widely applied in various applications because of their ability to achieve accuracy close to or even better than human level perception. However, for large-scale CNN, the computation-intensive convolutional layers and memory-intensive fully connected layers have brought many challenges to the implementation of CNN on FPGA platform. In the existing implementations, the same parallelism strategy is used for the entire CNN model, such a "one size fits all" approach may result in resource utilization problem. To overcome this problem, this work proposes an FPGA-based accelerator, which consists of multiple processing elements(PEs), each is responsible for the computation of one layer in the network model. All the PEs are mapped on one chip so that different layers can work concurrently in a pipelined style. A methodology is proposed to maximize the throughput of the accelerator. In the fully connected layers, a pruning method is used to decrease the number of weights, which can save a lot of storage and computation. Moreover, a batch-based computing method is applied to the compressed data in order to reduce the required memory bandwidth. As a case study, we implement a large-scale CNN model, AlexNet, on VC707 Board which has a Xilinx FPGA chip Virtex-7 485T. The proposed accelerator can achieve a peak performance of 498.6 GOP/s and the power efficiency with the value of 21.3 GOP/s/W under 100MHz clock frequency, which outperforms previous approaches.
Expedient data mining for nontargeted high-resolution LC-MS profiles of biological samples.

BACKGROUND The application of high-resolution LC-MS metabolomics for drug candidate toxicity screening reflects phenotypic changes of an organism caused by induced chemical interferences. Its success depends not only on the ability to translate the acquired analytical information into biological knowledge, but also on the timely delivery of the results to aid the decision making process in drug discovery and development. Recent improvements in analytical instrumentation have resulted in the ability to acquire extremely information-rich datasets. These new data collection abilities have shifted the bottleneck in the timeline of metabolomic studies to the data analysis step. RESULTS This paper describes our approach to expedient data analysis of nontargeted high-resolution LC-MS profiles of biological samples. The workflow is illustrated with the example of metabolomics study of time-dependent fasting in male rats. The results from measurement of 220 endogenous metabolites in urine samples illustrate significant biochemical changes induced by fasting. CONCLUSION The developed software enables the reporting of relative quantities of annotated components while maintaining practical turnaround times. Each component annotation in the report is validated using both calculated isotopic peaks patterns and experimentally determined retention time data on standards.
Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Tomato Production in Adamawa State, Nigeria

The study examined the technical efficiency of tomato production in Guyuk Local Government area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Data were collected from 100 farmers using purposive and simple random sampling with aid of structured schedule. The result of the stochastic frontier production function analysis shows that the variance parameters, that is the sigma squared (δ2) and the gamma (γ) were statistically significant at 1% level for tomato production. The coefficient of farm size and seed were positive and significant at 1% level while family and hired labor was negative and insignificant. Profit level can be increased by increasing the farm size and quantity of seed, and decreasing the use of manual labor. Mean efficiency were 0.69, Farmers operated at 31.03% below frontier level due to variation in technical efficiency. The inefficiency model shows that the coefficient of Age, Gender and family size have negative apriori sign and in consonance with the apriori expectation. Better use of technology dissemination was suggested to enhance the production level at farmers field and optimum utilization of resources.
SemEval-2018 Task 11: Machine Comprehension Using Commonsense Knowledge

This report summarizes the results of the SemEval 2018 task on machine comprehension using commonsense knowledge. For this machine comprehension task, we created a new corpus, MCScript. It contains a high number of questions that require commonsense knowledge for finding the correct answer. 11 teams from 4 different countries participated in this shared task, most of them used neural approaches. The best performing system achieves an accuracy of 83.95%, outperforming the baselines by a large margin, but still far from the human upper bound, which was found to be at 98%.
Code-Switching Language Modeling using Syntax-Aware Multi-Task Learning

Lack of text data has been the major issue on code-switching language modeling. In this paper, we introduce multi-task learning based language model which shares syntax representation of languages to leverage linguistic information and tackle the low resource data issue. Our model jointly learns both language modeling and Part-of-Speech tagging on code-switched utterances. In this way, the model is able to identify the location of code-switching points and improves the prediction of next word. Our approach outperforms standard LSTM based language model, with an improvement of 9.7% and 7.4% in perplexity on SEAME Phase I and Phase II dataset respectively.
High-frequency TSV Failure Analysis and Detection Method with Z-parameter

This paper introduces a novel TSV failure analysis and detection method with highfrequency measurement of Z parameter. To improve fabrication yield of a 3D IC, this paper proposes a novel electrical test method how three types of TSV failures such as connection failure, insulator failure and conductor failure can be detected and differentiated by using high frequency modeling, analysis and measurement of Z11 magnitude. Based on the failure modeling and analysis, the failure masks which can differentiate failure types are also proposed. The sensitivity of the proposed failure masks are conducted by considering fabrication process variations.
A melanin-mediated cancer immunotherapy patch

Transdermal microneedle patch integrated with whole tumor lysate containing melanin facilitates cancer immunotherapy upon near-infrared light irradiation. Lighting up antitumor responses Dendritic cell (DC)–based and whole tumor antigen vaccines have shown promise as cancer therapies but have been constrained by suboptimal antigen presentation and T cell activation. Ye et al. now demonstrate how a transdermal microneedle patch loaded with tumor lysate and melanin can lead to improved antitumor vaccine responses. They treated mice transdermally with a microneedle patch loaded with whole tumor lysate from B16F10 melanoma combined with melanin and exposed the patch to near-infrared light irradiation, which promoted heat generation by melanin and enhanced antigen uptake by DCs. This light-triggered heat response enhanced T cell migration and localized proinflammatory cytokine production and was effective at targeting both primary and distal secondary tumors. Melanin is capable of transforming 99.9% of the absorbed sunlight energy into heat, reducing the risk of skin cancer. We here develop a melanin-mediated cancer immunotherapy strategy through a transdermal microneedle patch. B16F10 whole tumor lysate containing melanin is loaded into polymeric microneedles that allow sustained release of the lysate upon insertion into the skin. In combination with the near-infrared light irradiation, melanin in the patch mediates the generation of heat, which further promotes tumor-antigen uptake by dendritic cells, and leads to enhanced antitumor vaccination. We found that the spatiotemporal photoresponsive immunotherapy increases infiltration of polarized T cells and local cytokine release. These immunological effects increase the survival of mice after tumor challenge and elicited antitumor effects toward established primary tumor and distant tumor. Collectively, melanin generates local heat, boosts T cell activities by transdermal vaccines, and promotes antitumor immune responses.
A preliminary evaluation of the associations among functional performance tasks and quality of life in obese and healthy weight youth

ABSTRACT The associations among lower extremity functional performance and quality of life in obese youth are unknown. The aims of this study were to compare lower extremity strength, lower extremity functional performance, and health related quality of life between obese and healthy-weight youth and evaluate the relationships between lower extremity performance and health related quality of life in obese youth. Twenty obese and 20 age and sex matched healthy-weight youth were recruited. Peak torque of the major lower extremity muscles were measured. Functional performance was measured with single leg hop and single leg balance tests. The Paediatric Quality of Life questionnaire's physical and psychosocial health subscales were used. Paired t-tests and multiple regression analyses were performed. Obese youth demonstrated decreased peak torque in all muscles measured (P < 0.05), poorer functional performance (P < 0.05), and worse physical health related quality of life (P < 0.05) compared to healthy-weight youth. Lower extremity functional performance was associated with aspects of quality of life in the obese group (P = 0.002), but not in the healthy-weight group (P < 0.05). These results may assist in encouraging best practices in the promotion of exercise, physical activity, and quality of life in obese youth.
Work in progress: Computing cluster using IoT technologies

This paper describes the design, implementation, and practical use in Engineering Education of a Computing Cluster using IoT Technologies. First, the development goal and its expected application is explained. Current lectures in Computer Science, Computer Engineering and Image Processing will benefit of the massive parallel computing cluster. Next, the design and implementation — carried out by a group of students — are described in detail. Finally, the practical use of the cluster including a test application is shown. Here, current supercomputing methods like Message Passing Interface (MPI) and Open Multi Processing (OpenMP) are used to show the ability and functionality go the cluster.
A Map Matching Algorithm for Complex Road Conditions Based on Base Station Data

Among the location information generated by mobile phones, except for GPS data with high precision, the base station data with low precision and high time interval is also an important basis for determining the user's actual location. While existing map matching algorithms based on base station data don't perform well at complex road conditions such as parallel roads or road intersections. Thus, a map matching algorithm based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM) was presented in this paper. By taking the attributes of road segment, the driver's driving speed and driving directions into consideration, to a certain degree, the algorithm can deal with the parallel roads and the road intersection situation effectively. Theoretical analysis and experimental test of this paper evaluated the proposed algorithm with the real base station data in Beijing. The result shows that the map-matching accuracy of our algorithm is higher than that of the prior art.
The Sociogenomics of Polygenic Scores of Reproductive Behavior and Their Relationship to Other Fertility Traits

Human reproductive behavior until relatively recently has been explained exclusively via individual and social characteristics. This article applies results from a recent Genome-Wide Association Study that combined sixty-two data sources to isolate twelve genetic loci associated with reproductive behavior. We create polygenic scores that allow us to include a summary variable of genetic factors into our statistical models. We use four datasets: the U.S. Health and Retirement Study, Dutch LifeLines, TwinsUK and the Swedish Twin register. First, we provide a brief overview of the dominant explanations of reproductive behavior. Second, we test the predictive power of polygenic scores. Third, we interrogate the robustness of our models using a series of sensitivity analyses to take into account possible confounders due to population stratification and selection.
Glomerular and medullary architecture in the kidney of Anna's Hummingbird

Hummingbirds have rates of water turnover that are among the highest of any bird, consuming up to five times their body mass in nectar each day. To determine if the processing of these extraordinary volumes of water is associated with structural specializations in the kidney, we examined the renal morphology of Anna's hummingbird (Calypte anna) using scanning electron microscopy of vascular and tubular casts. The glomerular tufts are simple, containing a single, unbranched capillary that is spiraled or folded back on itself only one or two times. There is no evidence that nectarivory in this species is associated with a relative increase in the size of the glomeruli. The medullary cones are small, containing only a few loops of Henle and collecting ducts. The vasa recta form a complex network of branching and anastomosing capillaries. In this nectarivore, the structures necessary to produce urine that is hyperosmotic to plasma are poorly developed or absent, which is consistent with urine osmolalities that are uniformly low. J. Morphol. 240:95–100, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.