Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1381 ‘ I don ’ t even remember anything ’ Optimising the choice of method when interviewing preschoolers

Fängström, K. 2017. ‘I don’t even remember anything’. Optimising the choice of method when interviewing preschoolers. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1381. 86 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-513-0106-8. There is increasing need and demand in various contexts to take children’s perspectives into account, including the views and opinions of the youngest children. However, listening to the voices of children is a challenging and complex task, and the field is normatively loaded. There is thus a growing need for valid and reliable methods and techniques that aid children to verbalise their experiences. The overall aim of this thesis was to examine the ability of the In My Shoes computer assisted interview and a Standard verbal interview to elicit accurate information and evaluative content, when used with preschool-aged children and determine their suitability in relation to situationally shy children. Our studies show that the two interview methods, in general, provided equally accurate and complete statements. In addition, the IMS interview can be a more useful and suitable tool during the rapport phase with situationally shy children compared to the Standard verbal method. For non-shy children, the interview methods were equally adequate. In relation to evaluative information, the recommended open-ended questions in the Standard verbal interview were insufficient. Children appeared to need evaluative questions in order to provide evaluative content. Examining the ability of IMS to elicit subjective experiences showed that using IMS aided children to provide detailed and varied descriptions of emotions, somatic experiences, and objects such as toys. Thus, when choosing the optimal child interview method, there are several aspects that need to be considered, including the degree to which children’s statements need to be accurate and complete and/or contain evaluative information and the child’s level of shyness. These studies have increased the number of evaluated methods for interviewing children and contributed to new knowledge about the challenging task of optimising the choice of method for interviewing preschoolers.
A Cognitive Framework for On-line Music Education - Students' Performance in On-line Listening Activities in a Blended Post-secondary Music Course

This paper describes a cognitive framework for designing on-line listening activities for students in post-secondary music courses. Drawing on music cognition and knowledge acquisition theories, technology-based listening activities were developed as supplemental to classroom-based activities. The study sample consisted of fifty-nine post-secondary students in a World Music course. Before engaging in the listening activities, students completed four pre-activity surveys: 1) general demographics (e.g., program, year in program, gender, age), 2) a music experience survey (non-credit music experience), 3) a self-regulation questionnaire (SRQ) and, 4) a Computer Experience Questionnaire. Students then completed two on-line t is not easily enacted in the large classroom due to noise and other distractions, and to the lack of time for students with higher self-regulation scores took significantly less time to complete the on-line listening activities than those with lower self-regulation. However, as predicted by Honingâs (2009) music cognition theory, studentsâ levels of music experience were not related to studentsâ efficiency in completing the activities; nor was their computer experience or their levels of self-regulation.
Item-Response-Modelle in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung

Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. Die Nutzung stellt keine Übertragung des Eigentumsrechts an diesem Dokument dar und gilt vorbehaltlich der folgenden Einschränkungen: Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. We grant a non-exclusive, non-transferable, individual and limited right to using this document. This document is solely intended for your personal, non-commercial use. Use of this document does not include any transfer of property rights and it is conditional to the following limitations: All of the copies of this documents must retain all copyright information and other information regarding legal protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the document in public.
Evidence of Dysregulated Peripheral Oxytocin Release Among Depressed Women

Objective: Oxytocin is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that plays a key role in mammalian female reproductive function. Animal research indicates that central oxytocin facilitates adaptive social attachments and modulates stress and anxiety responses. Major depression is prevalent among postpubertal females, and is associated with perturbations in social attachments, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, and elevated levels of anxiety. Thus, depressed women may be at risk to display oxytocin dysregulation. The current study was developed to compare patterns of peripheral oxytocin release exhibited by depressed and nondepressed women. Methods: Currently depressed (N = 17) and never-depressed (N = 17) women participated in a laboratory protocol designed to stimulate, measure, and compare peripheral oxytocin release in response to two tasks: an affiliation-focused Guided Imagery task and a Speech Stress task. Intermittent blood samples were drawn over the course of two, 1-hour sessions including 20-minute baseline, 10-minute task, and 30-minute recovery periods. Results: The 10-minute laboratory tasks did not induce identifiable, acute changes in peripheral oxytocin. However, as compared with nondepressed controls, depressed women displayed greater variability in pulsatile oxytocin release over the course of both 1-hour sessions, and greater oxytocin concentrations during the 1-hour affiliation-focused imagery session. Oxytocin concentrations obtained during the imagery session were also associated with greater symptoms of depression, anxiety, and interpersonal dysfunction. Conclusions: Depressed women are more likely than controls to display a dysregulated pattern of peripheral oxytocin release. Further research is warranted to elucidate the clinical significance of peripheral oxytocin release in both depressed and nondepressed women. HPA = hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; MDD = major depressive disorder; SCID-IV = Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I DSM-IV disorders; HRSD-17 = 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; BAI = Beck Anxiety Inventory; IIP = Inventory of Interpersonal Problems; AUC = area under the curve; pg/ml = picograms per milliliter; CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; PVN = paraventricular nucleus; SON = supraoptic nucleus.
Forest Fire Detection Solution Based on UAV Aerial Data

This software provides functions on processing UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) aerial image data according to the requirements of forestry area application on UAV platform. It gives a real-time and remote watch on fire in Greater Xing’ an Mountains, simultaneously the UAV is flying and getting the aerial data, helping users quickly master the number and location of fire points. Monitoring software covers functions including fire source detection module, fire location module, fire range estimation module, and report generation module. Mutual cooperation among the various modules improves operational efficiency and detection reliability of the system. What’s more, user-friendly visual interface is provided to give a convenience in user operation and interaction.
Update on the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of vocal fold nodules, polyps, and cysts

Purpose of reviewInnovative otolaryngologists, speech language pathologists, and voice scientists have continued to advance our understanding of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of vocal fold nodules, polyps, and cysts. This article reviews the recent publications over the past 3 years with respect to these advances. Recent findingsSupport for the notion that benign vocal fold lesions arise from phonatory trauma and vocal misuse continues to become evident. Changes in the molecular characteristics of the lamina propria in these lesions are beginning to be understood. For diagnostic purposes, the use of innovative technology such as ultrasonography and virtual laryngoscopy is being explored. Continued support for behavior modification as a primary treatment modality for benign vocal fold lesions has been published, and refinements in technical aspects of laryngeal microsurgery persist. Finally, outcomes studies have demonstrated improvements in vocal disability with both behavioral and surgical interventions. SummaryClinical and basic research has furthered our understanding of benign vocal fold lesions and has expanded our diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium for patients with dysphonia arising from these lesions.
Procedural memory stimulation in Alzheimer's disease: impact of a training programme

The study evaluates the efficacy of a procedural memory stimulation programme in mild and mild‐moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Twenty basic and instrumental activities of daily living have been selected, and divided into two groups, comparable for difficulty. Ten normal elderly subjects (age 68.0±4.8 years; MMSE score: 28.7±0.9; education: 7.6±3.5 years) were asked to perform the two groups of daily activities and the time required to perform the tasks of each group was recorded and used as a reference. Ten mild and mild‐moderate AD patients (age 77.2±5.3 years; MMSE score: 19.8±3.5; education: 7.3±4.7 years) without major behavioural disturbances constituted the experimental group. Patients were evaluated in all 20 daily activities and the time employed was recorded at baseline and after a 3‐week training (1 h/d, 5 d/week) period. Five patients were trained during the 3 weeks on half of the 20 daily activities and the other five patients were trained on the remainder. This procedure was adopted in order to detect separately the improvement in “trained” and “not trained” activities, allowing to control better the effects of the intervention. The assessment of the functional impact of the training was directly measured, through the variation of time employed to perform tasks before and after training. After 3 weeks of training a significant improvement was observed for the trained activities, from 3.6 to 1.9 standard deviations below the performance of the normal elderly controls (P<0.05). AD patients improved also in not‐trained activities from 3.5 to 2.7 standard deviations below the controls’performance (P<0.05). The rehabilitation of activities of daily living through developing procedural memory strategies may be effective in mild and mild‐moderate AD patients.
Tradition of craftsmanship through computer augmented tools

There is a problem that many old people's experience, skills, and craftsmanship will not pass the tradition down from generation to generation. In this paper, we propose a system which allows extracting the experts' craftsmanship and passing them to the novices, using tangible user interface approach and the augmented reality approach. Our system stores both implicit and explicit knowledge of the experts. The tools involved in this system are augmented by the RF-ID and various kinds of sensors, and they detect the knacks of the experts to perform the task, such as their procedures to achieve the goal smoothly, the manipulating way of each tool, their tool selections to suit for each operation and each situation, and so on. These tools allow preserving experts' craftsmanship directly on themselves through the experts' usual activities. When novices are using the tools to perform a task, the advices to improve their operations are appeared on the physical workspace by being directly overlaid on the physical tools in real time, comparing the current operations to the experts' ones. We also conducted the experiments to evaluate our system and the results showed this system works well to achieve our objectives
Influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended influenza illness in Beijing, China, 2014/15 season

ABSTRACT Influenza vaccination is the most effective way of preventing influenza infections but its coverage is extremely low in China. Poor influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was reported in the 2014/15 season in some Northern Hemisphere countries with a predominance of H3N2 viruses belonging to the 3C.2a clade. However, there is limited information regarding the preventive effect of influenza vaccination for the same season in China, in which H3N2 viruses belonging to the 3C.3a clade predominated. Through influenza virological surveillance in Beijing, China during the 2014/15 season, we estimated the influenza VE against medically attended influenza-like illness (ILI) associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection using a test-negative design, and the effect of prior vaccination on current vaccination was examined. In total, 9297 patients with ILI were enrolled in this study. Among them, 3434 (36.9%) tested positive for influenza viruses: 2167 (63.1%) for A(H3N2), 1261 (36.7%) for influenza B, and 3 (0.1%) for A(H1N1)pdm09. The adjusted VE was estimated as −25% (95% CI: −70%, 8%) against A(H3N2) and −8% (95% CI: −50%, 23%) against B, with an overall VE of −18% (95% CI: −49%, 6%). The overall VE estimate for patients who received 2014/15 vaccination only was −12% (−57%, 20%), while VE for patients who received both 2013/14 and 2014/15 vaccinations was −27% (−72%, 7%). There was no evidence that the influenza vaccine protected vaccinees against medically attended influenza in Beijing, China during the 2014/15 season.
Adhesion through the Interaction of Lymphocyte Function-associated Antigen-1 with Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Induces Tyrosine Phosphorylation of p130 and Its Association with c-CrkII (*)

The B-lymphoblastoid cell line JY undergoes homotypic aggregation in a lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1)-mediated, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-dependent manner when stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or anti-LFA-1 antibodies. Under conditions that lead to cell aggregation, we observed rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p130, a protein previously identified to be phosphorylated on tyrosine in both v-src- and v-crk-transformed cells. Phosphorylation of p130was dependent on binding of LFA-1 to its ligand, ICAM-1, as demonstrated by the use of anti-ICAM-1 antibodies. Several observations suggest that this event may be an important step in the signaling pathway initiated by LFA-1. p130 phosphorylation was rapidly reversible upon disengagement of the LFA-1•ICAM-1 complex and required cell adhesion since binding of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated JY cells to purified ICAM-1 or cross-linking of either LFA-1 or ICAM-1 was not sufficient to induce phosphorylation of p130. The integrin-stimulated phosphorylation of p130 created binding sites that were recognized in vitro by the SH2 domain of c-CrkII, a key adaptor protein involved in cell differentiation and transformation. Moreover, we also showed that the LFA-1-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of p130 induces the formation of a p130•CrkII and p130•CrkL complex in intact cells. This observation suggests that adhesion mediated by the interaction of LFA-1 and ICAM-1 initiates a signaling cascade that involves the activation of protein tyrosine kinases and leads to the regulation of protein-protein interaction via SH2 domains, a key process shared with growth factor signaling pathways.
Transition between flow charts and Jackson Structured Program (JSP)

This paper aims to bridge the gap between two widely used methods of screening program flow, and enhancing interoperability between Jackson Structured Programming (JSP) diagrams and flow charts. Both the techniques are commonly practiced and are used to define the program flow for easy understanding and development. This conversion will facilitate software engineers/architects during designing phase. Proposed technique aims to converge both techniques (Flow charting and JSP) on a single platform rather than multiple platforms and wasting the crucial time on decoding from one format to other when required. This enhances the different flow and specification understanding. We have developed a middleware for the above mentioned task which is platform independent and requires only the knowledge of the technique the programmers are working on, and with no effort generate the desired results.
Unconventional digital computing approach: memristive nanodevice platform

Memristor is a two-terminal nanodevice that has recently attracted the attention of many researchers. Its simple structure, non-volatility behavior, high-density integra-tion, and low-power consumption make the memristor a promising candidate to act as a switch in digital gates for future high-performance and low-power nanocom-puting applications. In this paper, we model the behavior of memristor by using Verilog-A. To investigate its char-acteristics in a circuit, we use the HSPICE simulator. Furthermore, a library of digital gates are provided by using two approaches to make digital gates: the first one is based on material implication (IMP) and the second one is based on crossbar arrays. Finally, we perform a comparison and evaluation between the two methods.
Public health sector and food industry interaction: it's time to clarify the term 'partnership' and be honest about underlying interests.

In the context of concerns about unhealthy diets, obesity and chronic diseases in Europe and around the world, the food industry is making a growing number of pledges to be ‘part of the solution’. Governments, too, are looking for ways to promote healthy eating at the population-level. Emerging in this environment are initiatives that bring together the food industry and institutions of the state, increasingly described as ‘partnerships’ or ‘public–private partnerships’. By working together, so the rationale goes, public and private sector bodies can more effectively achieve shared goals than could have been achieved alone, reach consensus about needed action, pool expertise, ideas, skills and resources, reach a broader range of populations, and reduce the costs of regulation.1 Although some academics, professionals and policy-makers have concerns or are cautious about these initiatives,2 partnerships have seemingly become de rigueur . The public health commissioner of the European Union (EU) said in 2006: ‘You cannot legislate on what people eat. You have to form public–private partnerships. We are all… part of the problem and are all part of the solution. ’ First Lady Michelle Obama describes her anti-obesity initiative, ‘Let’s Move’, as a ‘public–private partnership that, for the first time, sets national goals to end childhood obesity in a generation’. At the global level, the World Health Organization’s 2008–13 Action Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases explicitly calls for the involvement of the private sector as one of the international ‘partners’. Industry leaders, meanwhile, are suggesting that ‘only through new and innovative public–private sector partnerships can we truly make a difference’. 3 As public health officials nod their heads in support of ‘partnerships’ with the food industry, what are they actually talking about? For when we start looking more closely at existing examples, we see ‘partnership’ means a whole lot of things. Take …
A new smart device array structure for statistical investigations of BTI degradation and recovery

BTI is nowadays the most critical device degradation mechanism and a limiting factor for CMOS technology scaling. Although (N)BTI is under investigation since more than 30 years there is still no consensus regarding origin and mechanism [1–6]. With the method of single defect spectroscopy (SDS) we evaluate new important insights and understanding behind the degradation and recovery behavior of BTI [7,8]. This starts a sequence of several papers investigating BTI based on this method.
Host defense mechanisms in the regression of sarcoma 180 in pyridoxine-deficient mice.

The complete regression of Sarcoma 180 (S-180) in pyridoxine-deficient mice appears to depend upon host defense mechanisms. Whole-body x-radiation of the pyridoxine-deficient mice reduced the incidence of regression of S-180 if administered prior to or up to 3 days after implantation. The incidence of regression was not altered when the depleted mice were irradiated 5 or 7 days after implantation. Displacement of vitamin B6 from x-ray-damaged tissues did not seem to explain the effects observed, since the content of the vitamin in the tumor was not altered by the irradiation. Feeding pyridoxine to the depleted animals did not alter the incidence of tumor regression if it was begun 11 days after implantation or thereafter. A subline of S-180 capable of growing in pyridoxine-deficient mice (S-180/R6) regresses in mice in which the parent S-180 had previously regressed. The subline was implanted contralaterally to S-180 in pyridoxine-deficient mice at various times after the implantation of the parent tumor. S-180/B6 regressed completely only when it had been implanted 8–14 days after the implantation of S-180. It is concluded that host defense mechanisms are instrumental in the regression of S-180 in pyridoxine-deficient mice. The host response occurs shortly after tumor implantation but is adequate to bring about the regression of the tumor only 8–11 days after implantation. The nature of the host defense factors involved is discussed in relation to the effects of treatment with 6-mercaptopurine or folic acid antimetabolites.
Self-consistent signal-to-noise analysis of the statistical behavior of analog neural networks and enhancement of the storage capacity.

Based on the self-consistent signal-to-noise analysis (SCSNA) capable of dealing with analog neural networks with a wide class of transfer functions, enhancement of the storage capacity of associative memory and the related statistical properties of neural networks are studied for random memory patterns. Two types of transfer functions with the threshold parameter θ are considered, which are derived from the sigmoidal one to represent the output of three-state neurons. Neural networks having a monotonically increasing transfer function F M , F M (u)=sgnu(|u|>0), F M (u)=0(|u|≤θ), are shown to make it impossible for the spin-glass state to coexist with retrieval states in a certain parameter region of θ and a (loading rate of memory patterns), implying the reduction of the number of spurious states