Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determine the Parameter of Kernel Discriminant Analysis in Accordance with Fisher Criterion

Feature extraction performance of kernel discriminant analysis (KDA) is influenced by the value of the parameter of the kernel function. Usually one is hard to effectively exert the performance of FDA for it is not easy to determine the optimal value for the kernel parameter. Though some approaches have been proposed to automatically determine the parameter of FDA, it seems that none of these approaches takes the nature of FDA into account in selecting the value for the kernel parameter. In this paper, we develop a novel parameter selection approach that is subject to the essence of Fisher discriminant analysis. This approach is theoretically able to achieve the kernel parameter that is associated with a feature space with satisfactory linear separability. The approach can be carried out using an iterative computation procedure. Experimental results show that the developed approach does result in much higher classification accuracy than naive KDA.
Expeditious Approach to Identify the Product Sentiment Based on MORQA System and Polarity Shift Mechanism

Online reviews are often first impression for the consumers to purchase the product through online. When estimating the feasible purchase, we may have a query in mind e.g., ‘Will this speaker is louder enough for the party hall? ’ or ‘Should I buy iPhone 7S or iPhone 7S+? ’ To answer these queries we may have to surfing the online consumer review sites , either to read the large volume of consumer reviews which relevant to an item or post our product related queries to the people community via Question & Answer (Q/A) system. In this paper, we combine both paradigms: consumer product review system and consumer Q/A system to get the best analysis about the product. We articulate this as a machine learning problem using our proposed new system called Mixture of Reviews and Questions & Answers (MORQA) to create a framework and to find the opinion about the online products. Our idea is to identify the opinion based on MORQA system and resolve the negation problem in case of negative sentences in the opinion context. Negation problem is the major issue which affects the result of the sentiment analysis. Sentiment analysis lexicon feature and antonym thesaurus are used to resolve this problem. We also provide a visualization for our result summarization.
ROC75 is an Attenuator for the Circadian Clock that Controls LHCSR3 Expression

Strong light intensity leads to harmful overexcitation of the photosystems in green algae. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, LHCSR3 is required for the rapid protective response known as energy-dependent quenching (qE). Because the majority of photoacclimation analysis has been conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, physiological responses to natural environmental changes such as light/dark cycles have not been examined in detail. Regarding fitness in higher plants and microalgae, light-dark cycles represent a major Zeitgeber for synchronizing the circadian clock to multiple physiological responses, yet there is little consensus with respect to the clock response to high-intensity light in photosynthetic organisms. In a previous study, 105 circadian rhythm insertional mutants were isolated as rhythm of chloroplast (roc) mutants. Here, we report our characterization of the roc75 mutant, which exhibited a significantly higher qE value and LHCSR3 protein accumulation when grown under red light. We performed transcript analysis of ROC75 in the pcry (plant-cryptochrome) and phot mutants and found that only the former accumulated lower levels of ROC75 mRNA, suggesting that the blue light photoreceptor pCRY positively regulates ROC75. However, the degradation of pCRY by high-light exposure contributes to prevent over-accumulation of ROC75, which in turn facilitates the PHOT mediated main activation pathway for LHCSR3. Furthermore, LHCSR3 mRNA exhibited a circadian rhythm, though its basal expression level in the roc75 mutant was higher than that in WT. We therefore conclude that ROC75 acts as an attenuator of the circadian clock to control LHCSR3 expression with blue and red light as stimuli for attenuation.
Removal of enteric viruses and selected microbial indicators by UV irradiation of secondary effluent.

The Watercare Mangere Wastewater Treatment Facility, which treats wastewater from the greater Auckland New Zealand region, is undergoing a major expansion/upgrading to add advanced treatment and disinfection prior to discharge into a harbor. One important goal of this project is to protect the receiving water from microbial contamination. Since sufficient information on the fate of various microorganisms through wastewater treatment plants in New Zealand was not readily available, extensive pilot- and bench-scale studies were undertaken to develop specific design criteria for the treatment and disinfection systems. The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the removal and inactivation of enteric pathogens and other microbial indicators through treatment processes that employs UV irradiation as a final disinfection process. The removal of indicator organisms through secondary treatment was typically between 2.5-log (99.7% removal) and 2.8-log (99.8% removal) for fecal coliforms and enterococci, respectively. Indigenous F-specific bacteriophage exhibited a mean removal of 1.6-log (i.e. 97.7% removal) and Clostridium perfringens spores showed a mean removal of 1.3-log (i.e. 95% removal). The UV dose required to achieve a one log reduction in the concentration of indigenous F-specific bacteriophage was found to be approximately 20 mWs/cm2 per log removal. The concentration of enterovirus and adenovirus were consistently reduced to the limit of detection (1 TCID50/100L) at UV doses of 35 to 40 mWs/cm2 and 40 to 45 mWs/cm2, respectively. Clostridium perfringens spores were the most resistant indicator organisms, being reduced to less than 200 MPN/100 mL at a UV dose of 75 mWs/cm2.
Long-term oral bosentan treatment in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease: a 2-year study

Objective: To evaluate the long-term clinical and exercise effect of chronic oral administration of the non-selective endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) related to congenital heart disease (CHD). Design: Extension of a preceding prospective non-randomised open clinical study on bosentan treatment in PAH related to CHD. Setting: A tertiary referral centre for cardiology. Patients: 19 of the original 21 patients of mean (standard deviation (SD)) age 22 (3) years (13 with Eisenmenger syndrome) in World Health Organization (WHO) class II–IV and having a mean (SD) oxygen saturation of 87 (2) %. Intervention: Patients received bosentan treatment for 2.4 (0.1) years and underwent clinical and exercise evaluation at baseline, 16 weeks and 2 years of treatment, with haemodynamic assessment at baseline and 16 weeks. Results: All patients remained stable with sustained subjective clinical and WHO class improvement (p<0.01) at 16 weeks and 2 years of treatment without significant side effects or changes in oxygen saturation. After the initial 16-week improvement (p<0.05) in peak oxygen consumption and exercise duration at treadmill test, and walking distance and Borg dyspnoea index at 6-min walk test, all exercise parameters appeared to return to their baseline values at 2 years of follow-up. Conclusions: Long-term bosentan treatment in patients with PAH related to CHD is safe and induces clinical stability and improvement, but the objective exercise values appear to slowly return to baseline. Larger studies on long-term endothelin receptor antagonism including quality of life assessment are needed to evaluate the therapeutic role of bosentan in this population.
Furosemide binding to human albumin and plasma of nephrotic children

The extent and nature of furosemide (F) binding to human albumin (HA) and to the plasma of 6 children with nephrotic syndrome were studied by equilibrium dialysis at 37° C and pH 7.4 with 14C‐F. At a total concentration of 3.4 µ/ml (therapeutic range), the unbound fraction of F to 4 gm per 100 ml HA was 2.79 ± 0.35. The degree of binding was relatively constant from 1.8 to 36 µ/ml of F concentration. The percentage of unbound F doubled when total concentration of the drug was increased more than 130 times 0.8 to 245 µ/ml). F has two classes of binding sites (n1 = 1.42, k1 = 5.07 × 104 M−1; n2 = 3.4. k2 = 1.58 × 104 M−1); interaction with HA involves hydrophobic. ionic. and hydrogen forces. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). acetazolamide, diazoxide, phenylbutazone, sulfisoxazole (S), and tolbutamide (T) decreased F binding. Combinations of ASA, S, and T exerted a strong additive displacing effect. The binding of the F metabolite (4‐chloro‐5‐sulfamoylanthranilic acid, CSA) was studied at 1.3 and 2.6 µ/ml. The unbound fraction was 5 times that of F. CSA did not influence F binding. Studies with plasma of 7 healthy adults showed that albumin is the only plasma protein responsible for F binding. The plasma albumin concentration range of the children with nephrotic syndrome was 0.6 to 2.1 gm per 100 ml. There was some correlation between albumin concentration and binding of F (2.8 to 9.6% unbound); this corresponded with findings with HA. Albumin concentrations lower than 2 gm per 100 ml seemed to influence the extent of the unbound fraction of F considerably.
Role of Surface Intramolecular Dynamics in the Efficiency of Energy Transfer in Ne Atom Collisions with a n-Hexylthiolate Self-Assembled Monolayer†

The energy-transfer dynamics associated with Ne atom collisions with a n-hexylthiolate self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surface at 20 kcal/mol collision energy are studied in chemical dynamics simulations by using both harmonic/separable and anharmonic/coupled surface models and by considering a SAM in both its classical potential energy minimum and containing a 293 K energy distribution. For the anharmonic surface, excitation of higher-energy potential energy minima arising from different intermolecular conformations of the alkyl chains and intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR) between the surface modes during the collision enhance the energy transfer from Ne atom translation to the surface. IVR is efficient for the alkyl chain's torsional modes and intramolecular chain-bending modes and occurs on the time scale of the Ne atom collisions. It does not occur during the collisions for other modes, such as the higher-frequency intrachain CCC bends. This IVR between surface modes, during the co.
Interferometric Data Fusion for Topographic Profile Reconstruction

Topographic profile reconstruction and ground surface change detection are actually being measured by SAR and differential SAR interferometry. The deal is how topography is estimated from interferometry especially the relative sensitivity of measured radar phase to topography and changes in topography. The objective of this paper is to combine several DEM (Digital Elevation Model) resulting from different interferometric processing by taking into account the coherence information in order to improve the topographic profile accuracy. For that purpose different conjunctive operators are used in data fusion processing. The resulted digital elevation models are evaluated using Mean Square Error (MSE) according to a local reference DEM.
Immunotoxins with decreased immunogenicity and improved activity

Recombinant immunotoxins, containing an Fv fragment and a bacterial toxin, frequently elicit neutralizing antibodies, nearly always against the toxin. Moxetumomab pasudotox (previously called CAT-8015 or HA22) contains an anti-CD22 Fv fused to PE38, a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin, containing amino acids 253–364 and 381–613. One avenue to reducing immunogenicity is to identify B- and T-cell epitopes and remove them while retaining toxin activity. To determine B-cell epitopes on PE38, 60 monoclonal antibodies against PE38 were tested in a pairwise manner, and seven major epitope groups with 13 subgroups were identified. The locations of many of these epitopes were identified by mutating large surface-exposed residues to alanine. A mutant of moxetumomab pasudotox containing eight epitope-eliminating mutations (HA22-8X) was prepared, and greatly reduced immunogenicity in mice. In parallel, two large sections of PE38 containing lysosomal protease cleavage sites were removed, leaving only amino acids 274–284 and 394–613 of the toxin. The resulting molecule, HA22-LR, retained cytotoxicity toward CD22+ cell lines, killed primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells more potently than moxetumomab pasudotox, was much less toxic to mice, and had significantly improved antitumor activity toward murine xenografts. The immunogenicity and activity of recombinant immunotoxins may be optimized by combinations of these approaches.
Output Impedance Measurement in Power Sources and Conditioners

The internal output impedance of power sources and power conditioners has a strong impact on conducted interference in mixed-signal circuits. Also, the transient response of power sources and power conditioners in front of sudden load changes must be known to prevent voltage swings beyond the operating tolerance of the load. We propose a measurement method able to determine both the output impedance and the transient response by using an op-amp-based dynamic load. The results show that this measurement method works for devices such as linear voltage regulators, power supplies and batteries. The measurement resolution achieved with the particular devices used in our experimental setup is 40 mOmega.
Reduced exercise capacity in a mouse model of asthma

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life threatening condition characterised by progressive obliteration of the small pulmonary arteries leading to increased pulmonary arterial resistance and right heart failure. Treatment for PAH has developed in the last few years since the description of new pathways related to the disease.1 Recently, short term (6 months) use of imatinib, a platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor antagonist, in combination with maximal PAH treatment (prostacyclin derivative, endothelin receptor antagonist, and type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor) has been shown to improve the haemodynamics and functional capacity in a single case of severe PAH.2 We here report the first two cases of the long term (3 years or more) use of imatinib, as monotherapy or in combination with bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist. …
Diagnostic value of trait antinuclear antibodies and multiple immunoglobulin production in autoimmune diseases

Our article aims to evaluate the proportion of monospecific antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and polyclonal ANAs in patients with autoimmune diseases based on the results of an ANA panel and to evaluate the efficiency of trait ANAs as a novel diagnostic tool. This study also aims to investigate immunoglobulin production in autoimmune diseases by detecting different antibodies.
Experience‐dependent expression of NPAS4 regulates plasticity in adult visual cortex

• Transcription factors at the basis of plasticity in the adult visual system are unknown. • Enhanced levels of NPAS4 transcription factor parallel visual cortical plasticity in adult life. • Overexpression of NPAS4 restores plasticity in the adult visual cortex. • NPAS4 down‐regulation prevents the plastic outcome caused by fluoxetine (FLX) in adulthood. • NPAS4 regulates the expression of plasticity genes in the adult visual cortex.
A new-type sensor for monitoring oil-water interface level and oil level

A novel approach for monitoring oil-water interface level and oil level in a single tank is presented. A liquid level sensor has been developed that is suitable to determine the oil-water interface level and oil level. This sensor can realize two sensing functions, namely, inductive and capacitive sensing functions. For achieving this multi-sensing function, the designed sensor employed two coils wound on a plastic pipe. According to the relationships between oil-water interface level and inductance produced by a coil connected using the two coils, oil level and capacitance measured from two coils, the oil-water interface level and the oil level can be estimated at same time.
Sequelae of Prospective versus Retrospective Reports of Adverse Childhood Experiences

Retrospective assessment of adverse childhood experiences is widely used in research, although there are concerns about its validity. In particular, recall bias is assumed to produce significant artifacts. Data from a longitudinal cohort (the British National Child Development Study; N = 7,710) and the retrospective Mainz Adverse Childhood Experiences Study (N = 1,062, Germany) were compared on 10 adverse childhood experiences and psychological adjustment at age 42 yr. Between the two methods, no significant differences in risk effects were detected. Results held for bivariate analyses on all 10 childhood adversities and a multivariate model; the later comprises the childhood adversities which show significant long-term sequelae (not always with natural parent, chronically ill parent, financial hardship, and being firstborn) and three covariates. In conclusion, the present data did not show any bias in the retrospective assessment.
An ergodic AIMD algorithm with application to high-speed networks

In this article we propose a version of the Additive-Increase Multiplicative-Decrease (AIMD) algorithm that provides a suitable basis to develop congestion control protocols that can be deployed in both conventional and high-speed communication networks. Our algorithm retains many of the properties of the standard AIMD algorithm. However, unlike other non-standard AIMD algorithms, our scheme can be shown to be ergodic under very general assumptions.
A Combined Yeast/Bacteria Two-hybrid System

Two-hybrid screening is a standard method used to identify and characterize protein-protein interactions and has become an integral component of many proteomic investigations. The two-hybrid system was initially developed using yeast as a host organism. However, bacterial two-hybrid systems have also become common laboratory tools and are preferred in some circumstances, although yeast and bacterial two-hybrid systems have never been directly compared. We describe here the development of a unified yeast and bacterial two-hybrid system in which a single bait expression plasmid is used in both organismal milieus. We use a series of leucine zipper fusion proteins of known affinities to compare interaction detection using both systems. Although both two-hybrid systems detected interactions within a comparable range of interaction affinities, each demonstrated unique advantages. The yeast system produced quantitative readout over a greater dynamic range than that observed with bacteria. However, the phenomenon of “autoactivation” by baits was less of a problem in the bacterial system than in the yeast. Both systems identified physiological interactors for a library screen with a cI-Ras test bait; however, non-identical interactors were obtained in yeast and bacterial screens. The ability to rapidly shift between yeast and bacterial systems provided by these new reagents should provide a marked advantage for two-hybrid investigations. In addition, the modified expression vectors we describe in this report should be useful for any application requiring facile expression of a protein of interest in both yeast and bacteria.
Bioavailability--a problem in equivalence.

SUMMARY Bioavailability is an important area of pharmaceutical research containing many questions which are not yet resolved. This paper specifies some of the medical and pharmacological questions which need to be clarified before a statistician can make his contribution to a bioavailability study. The statistical considerations for designing and analyzing bioavailability studies are stated and various statistical approaches are listed. Suggestions are given for research in statistical methodology as applied to bioavailability studies. References to the literature of bioavailability experiments are provided. A number of issues have converged in recent years to focus increasing attention on an area of medical therapeutics which has come to be known as "bioavailability. " Some of these issues are: the rising cost of medical care; the increasing involvement of Federal, state, and local governments in the financing and therefore the control of medical treatment; the "consumerism" movement and its scrutiny of the profits of the drug industry as they relate to the cost of medications; the cost factors associated with the researching of new drugs; the increasing regulatory activities of government; and the role of the pharmacist in the delivery of medicine to the patient. Assessment of bioavailability itself is a scientific problem, and statistics can make a significant contribution to its resolution. This paper presents some statistical aspects of bioavailability.
Modulation of the age‐related nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway by hesperetin

Nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), a redox‐sensitive transcription factor, plays an important role in the aging process. Thus, developing and identifying specific components that modulate NF‐κB without adverse side‐effects would be of major importance. Hesperetin, a flavanone abundant in citrus fruits, has a variety of pharmacological properties being antioxidant, cholesterol‐lowering, and anti‐inflammatory.
Motherhood during the teen years: A developmental perspective on risk factors for childbearing

The role of peer relations in childhood and behavioral and family characteristics in early adolescence as risk factors for adolescent childbearing was investigated. Sociometric surveys across third, fourth, and fifth grade and parent and child measures of behavioral and family functioning at sixth and eighth grade were collected in a lower income, urban sample of 308 African American females. Results replicated earlier findings on the role of childhood aggression as a predictor of teen motherhood. In addition, girls who displayed stable patterns of childhood aggression were at significantly higher risk not only to have children as teenagers but to have more children and to have children at younger ages. Results also indicated that females who were depressed in midadolescence were at greater risk to become parents between age 15 and 19 years. These findings demonstrate the need to take a differentiated approach to understanding teen childbearing and varying developmental pathways in the prediction of teen motherhood.
Isolation and characterization of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 from cattle in Belgium and Poland

EHEC O157 were isolated from faeces of Belgian and Polish beef slaughter cattle. In Belgium, 1281 faecal samples were analysed by immunomagnetic separation [IMS] after enrichment in buffered peptone water from June 1998 till July 1999. Eighty-one samples (6.3%) were positive for E. coli O157. Phage type 8 was most frequently found. Bulls between 1 and 2 years old, slaughtered in September and October were most frequently found positive. Atypical biochemical features were observed in some isolates: 22 (27%) isolates were urease positive and 1 (1.2%) isolate was unable to ferment lactose. In Poland, 551 faecal samples, taken from January 1999 till December 1999, were examined using exactly the same techniques. Four faecal samples (0.7%) were positive for O157 EHEC, yielding seven phage type 8 isolates. All positive samples were from cattle younger than 2 years. Positive samples occurred in August, September and October.