Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Fluoride Release, pH and Microhardness of Glass Ionomer Cements

Objective: To evaluate fluoride release, pH and microhardness of glass ionomer cements (GIC). Material and Methods: Four different cements: Vidrion ® R (G1), Vitro Fil ® (G2), Maxxion ® (G3) and Magic Glass ® (G4) and a composite resin (G5 - control group) comprised the sample. Thirty specimens were manufactured (10 mm x 3 mm) and stored in deionized water. Analyses were performed after 24 hours, 7 days and 28 days. The following devices were used for measurements: fluorometer, pH meter and microhardness tester. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests (α = 0.05) using the SPSS ® software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 17. Results: GICs were able to release fluoride; however, the amount released decreased with increasing immersion time (p <0.002). The pH of all products increased over time, the lowest value was identified for Magic Glass (5.93) and the highest for Maxxion (6.94) at time of 24 h. Materials showed significant decrease in surface microhardness, especially G4 for presenting the lowest recorded values (p <0.05). Conclusion: GICs are fluoride-releasing restorative materials with pH favorable to oral homeostasis and good mechanical behavior.
Personal Names as an Inter-Ethnic Model of Acculturation in Indonesia

Research on the subject of personal names is an interesting source for discovering the development of the thoughts, ideas, traditions, and life patterns of a person in an underlying collective. The specific goal of this research is to describe the development of the form of personal names in the Semarang community and to discover the inter-ethnic model of acculturation in a social and cultural context based on the dynamics of the life of the local community. This study uses a qualitative research method with reference to the theories of Miles and Huberman (1992) and Sutopo (2008). The location of the research was the city of Semarang in Central Java, Indonesia. The type of research is a field study which uses a single strategy, focussing on the personal names found in the city of Semarang in Central Java. The results of the research indicate the existence of name forms that are a product of inter-ethnic acculturation. This process of acculturation occurs both convergently and divergently. The process of convergence occurs due to the influence of several different cultures on a name, resulting in a new name that is a typically Indonesian name. The process of divergence occurs when there is a process of dispersion of the use of a Javanese (Indonesian) name in a foreign name (of a foreign ethnic group) in a form which is either complete or partial. This study proves two things, namely (1) that a process of inter-ethnic acculturation has taken place between Javanese names and foreign names, and (2) that a process of “mutual acceptance” has occurred between the culture of the migrant community and the local culture within the context of personal names, a process which is continuing to develop diachronically.
A Survey Paper on Different Wireless Sensor Simulation Tools

— Wireless sensor network have recently come into prominence because they hold the potential to revolutionize segment of our economy and life with its wide applications. Unlike a centralized system, a sensor network is formed by large numbers of networked sensing nodes. They are having unique set of resource constraints such as finite on board battery power and limited network communication bandwidth. Since running real experiments is costly and time consuming, simulation is essential to study Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). It is rather complex, or even unfeasible, to model analytically a WSN and it usually leads to oversimplified analysis with limited confidence. Therefore, simulation is essential to study WSN.
Faunistic studies on Pyralidae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) associated with horticultural crops from zone-1 and 2 of Karnataka

The investigations on faunistic studies of Pyralidae (Lepidoptera; Pyraloidea) associated with horticulture crops of zone-1 and 2 of Karnataka were carried out during August 2015 to January 2016. During the survey, a total of 4 number species of Pyralidae were documented which were collected and reared on their respective hosts. All the species represented 2 sub-families of Pyralidae viz., Phycitinae and Epipaschiinae. The morphological and genital characters of the all the species documented were studied in detail.
Organophosphorus Pesticides Residues in Cooked Capsicum annuum

Food is the basic necessity of life and food contaminated with pesticides is associated with severe effects on the human health. It is interesting to know the processing effects on pesticide residue, thus, this work aimed to evaluate the residual concentrations of organophosphorus in Capsicum annuum after different cooking times. The extraction of analytes was performed according to QuEChERS method and GC/FTD was used for the determination of OP pesticides. The reduction of OP concentrations demonstrated values in the range 4.870. 4% but the most OP molecules showed 60% of reduction. The study showed the importance of the assessment of pesticide residues in plant foods thermally processed.
Unsteady Oblique Interaction of a Shock Wave With a Plane Disturbance

Analysis is made of the flow field produced by oblique impingement of weak plane disturbances of arbitrary profile on a plane normal shock. Three types of disturbance are considered: (a) sound wave propagating in the gas at rest into which the shock moves; (b) sound wave overtaking the shock from behind,(The sound wave reflects as a sound wave, and a stationary vorticity wave is produced); (c) an incompressible vorticity wave stationary in the gas ahead of the shock. The incident wave refracts as a stationary vorticity wave, and either a sound wave or attenuating pressure wave is also produced. Computations are presented for the first two types of incident wave, over the range of incidence angles, for shock Mach numbers of 1, 1.5, and infinity.
INMOST Parallel Platform: Framework for Numerical Modeling

INMOST program platform allows a user to work with distributed data on general meshes. Description of the platform structure, interrelation of mesh elements, work with ghost cells, distribution and redistribution of mesh data is presented, as well as special aspects of the program platform implementation and usage. This paper aims to cover the following research topics: ecient distributed unstructured mesh representation data structure, flexible templates for numerical schemes implementation, convenient framework for parallel linear systems assesment and solution. For one of the specific tasks the exploiting of INMOST program platform is demonstrated on all stages of numerical modeling: distributed meshes construction, attachment of data to mesh elements, use of mesh data for problem discretization, as well as parallel solution of resulting linear systems. INMOST is a newly developed, flexible, and ecient numerical analysis framework that
Low Speed Aerodynamic Characteristic of Modified Sonic Arc Airfoil

The low speed aerodynamic characteristics of modified sonic arc airfoil which is developed to fit the transonic regime are investigated. This airfoil is designed by using the shape function of sonic arc proposed by Schwendenman, the data of NACA0012, and commercial program Maple. In order to investigate the low speed aerodynamic characteristic of sonic arc airfoil, the numerical analysis is conducted below Mach number 0.3 and the results are compared and analyzed with it of NACA0012 airfoil. At each Mach number, the drag of modified sonic arc airfoil is less 1.5% than NACA0012`s drag and the lift of modified sonic arc airfoil is less 2% than NACA0012`s lift. The moment coefficient of modified sonic arc airfoil is also less 1.4% than it of NACA0012 at each Mach number.
Wide-field in situ multiplexed raman imaging with superresolution

Because of the fingerprint-like specificity of its characteristic spectrogram, Raman spectral imaging has been applied widely in various research areas. Using a combination of structured illumination with the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique, wide-field Raman imaging is developed with a significant improvement in spatial resolution. As a result of the relatively narrow Raman characteristic peaks, optically encoded SERS nanoparticles can be used to perform multiplexed imaging. The results show excellent superresolution wide-field multiplexed imaging performance. The developed technique has extraordinary potential for applications in biological imaging and other related fields.
Fatty acid elongase 1 ( FAE 1 ) promoter as a candidate for genetic engineering of fatty acids to improve seed oil composition

As an important cis-regulatory element, a promoter plays a key role in plant gene expression and regulation, and has been widely used in plant genetic engineering. The fatty acid elongase 1 (FAE1) promoter was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana. Sequence analysis showed that the FAE1 promoter contains two Skn-1 motifs, one O2-site, and one G-box, which play important roles in controlling seed-preferred expression. Stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase (SAD) catalyzes the conversion of stearic to oleic acid. 23 FAE1pro:GUS and 31 FAE1pro:SAD transgenic lines were obtained and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the FAE1pro:GUS transgenic lines, β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining was observed in immature leaves, young stems, flowers, and pods, indicating that FAE1 promoter is highly active in these tissues. Real-time PCR revealed that the FAE1 promoter-driven maize SAD gene was highly expressed in the seeds, followed by the pods and flowers; however, its expression level was low in the roots, stems, and leaves. Stearic acid and long-chain saturated fatty acid contents of seeds were significantly decreased; further, the ratio of total saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids was also reduced. These results indicate that FAE1 promoter is ideal for genetic engineering to improve seed oil composition.
Expanding the Role of Electron Cryomicroscopy in Structural Analysis of Asymmetrical Protein Complexes

Single particle electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) is a rapidly developing structural biology technique for the study of macromolecular protein complexes. Presently, cryo-EM fills an important niche by facilitating acquisition of 3-D structures of protein complexes not amenable to structure determination by other techniques. Expansion of cryo-EM beyond this niche requires continued improvement in the types of specimens that can be studied as well as the final resolutions achieved. Two studies were undertaken to address these issues. The first examined resolution limitations by quantifying the effect of beam-induced motion in images of beamsensitive paraffin crystals. The second explored the possibility of using cryo-EM to study the interaction of small effector proteins with a large multi-protein complex, V-ATPase. The results of these studies exposed the fact that fundamental aspects of the imaging and specimen preparation processes remain poorly understood and must be addressed to facilitate future improvements in cryo-EM structure determination.
Hydrogen Gas Sensor Based on ZnO Nanoroads Grown on Si by Thermal Evaporation

High-quality ZnO (Zinc oxide) nanorods grown on Si substrate have been synthesized for hydrogen gas sensor application through a low-cost catalyst-free process by thermal evaporation at 800 C. The morphological, structural and optical properties of the ZnO nanorods have been examined. In this study, Pd/ZnO/Pd MSM (Metal-semiconductor-metal) gas sensor has been fabricated based on the ZnO nanorods. The absence of a seed layer and the coalescence of ZnO nanorods were the key factors responsible for the high sensitivity of the gas sensor at room temperature. The sensitivity of ZnO nanorods is measured at different concentrations from 25 ppm to 150 ppm of H2 gas at room temperature. The highest response of the ZnO/Si sensor was 110% in the presence of 500 ppm of H2. This high sensitivity can be attributed to the high surface-areato-volume ratio of the nanorods between the Pd contacts of the MSM configuration.
The Effects of Human Resistance Training on Muscular Strength

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a resistance training program on basketball players that have been engaging in regular training processes for several years. The study participants (n=28) were Ataturk University basketball team players. The experimental group performed a 12-week, whole body resistance training. A device measured maximal power at thirty percent, forty percent, fifty percent and sixty percent of 1RM on the bench press for each subject. Both groups increased their maximal muscular power and strength, and the magnitude of increase was significantly different between them (P<0.01). The resistance training program induced less change than previously observed, probably because the subjects were involved in the training process for several years and were already well adapted. This study concluded muscle strength increased by 10.5 percent after 12 weeks of the resistance training program, but the power increasing amount was without growth and maturation and was more than 7.5 percent.
Hunter, Aidan and Speirs, Douglas C. and Heath, Michael R. (2015) Fishery-induced changes to age and length dependent maturation schedules of three demersal fish species in the Firth of Clyde. Fisheries

Probabilistic maturation reaction norms (PMRNs) were used to investigate the maturation schedules of cod, haddock and whiting in the Firth of Clyde to determine if typical lengths at maturation have changed significantly since 1986. Some potential sources of growth-independent plasticity were accounted for by including sea-surface temperature and abundance variables in the analysis. The PMRNs of the Clyde populations were compared with those from the wider west coast, in conjunction with regional differences in the fishery, to assess whether fishing may have been driving the observed trends of decreasing lengths at maturation. The lengths at which haddock, whiting and female cod were likely to mature decreased significantly during 1986–2009, with rates of change being particularly rapid in the Clyde. It was not possible to estimate PMRNs for male cod due to limited data. Trends in temperature and abundance were shown to have only marginal affects upon PMRN positions, so temporal trends in maturation schedules appear to have been due to a combination of plastic responses to other environmental variables and/or fishing. Regional differences in fishing intensity and the size-selectivity of the fisheries suggest that the decreases in lengths at maturation have been at least partially due to fishing. The importance and scale of the Clyde Nephrops fishery increased as demersal landings declined, and the majority of demersal fish landings have come from Nephrops bycatch since about 2005 when the demersal fishery ceased. Since it appears as though fishing may have caused increasingly early maturation, and a substantial Nephrops fishery continues to operate in the Clyde, reversal of these changes is likely to take a long time – particularly if there is an evolutionary component to the trends. If size-selective fishing has contributed to the lowered abundance of large fish by encouraging maturation at increasingly small lengths, then large fish may remain uncommon in the Clyde until the observed trends in maturation lengths reverse. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Transient behaviour of post-combustion CO2 capture with MEA in coal fired power plants

CO2 emissions are recognized as a large contributing factor to global warming and climate change. Post-combustion CO2 capture has received significant attention as a possible near term option for reducing CO2 emissions from coal fired power plants as emissions from such plants are one of the major anthropogenic sources of CO2 in the world. Increased requirements for load flexibility in coal fired power plants make dynamic analysis of the capture process necessary. This thesis takes part in the development of a dynamic model of a CO2 absorption process with monoethanolamine (MEA) by constructing a reboiler model and by implementing strategies for process control. The model is applied to investigate the transient behaviour of the absorption system during and after load changes. The results show that the model gives a good understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the capture process. It is shown that the liquid-to-gas (L/G) ratio is more important than the actual flow rates for maintaining desired capture efficiency when the size of the system is not limiting the process. Results from load variations show that implementation of control strategies lowers the energy demand of the process considerably and this becomes clearer with larger load variations. It takes the system longer time to reach steady state with larger load variations, or 60 minutes at most. It takes the system around 20 seconds to respond to the load variations in all cases studied. The responses are generally smooth with little or no fluctuations and small overshoots. The fast system response and relatively small fluctuations and overshoots attained will facilitate integration with a power plant.
Is Wi-Fi the Answer to NFL's Empty Seats? Research-in-Progress

Although past research has investigated the impact of technology acceptance on user behavior, there is limited research on these effects in professional sports. This study examines how the implementation of Wi-Fi in sport stadiums influences perceptions of game-day experience and, consequently stadium attendance intention. Specifically, the study focuses on three aspects of Wi-Fi —perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perceived diversion. A research model is theorized and will be tested using data from NFL fans in the Southeast part of the United States.
The Determinants of IMF Loan Programs

This paper focuses on the bargaining process underlying financial arrangements between the IMF and recipient countries. The primary aim is to investigate the relationship between the own country characteristics, both in terms of macroeconomic conditions and bargaining power, and the outcome of the agreement with the Fund. IMF lending practices respond to economic conditions but are also sensitive to other factors that reflect the importance of the country within the international financial community (measured by the bilateral trade volume between the country and the OECD countries and by debt service) and the importance of the country within the international politics (measured by the UN voting patterns between the country and the USA, the colonial past and by country share of IMF quotas).
Large valley splitting in monolayer WS 2 by proximity coupling to an insulating antiferromagnetic substrate

Lifting the valley degeneracy is an efficient way to achieve valley polarization for further valleytronics operations. In this work, we demonstrate that a large valley splitting can be obtained in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides by magnetic proximity coupling to an insulating antiferromagnetic substrate. As an example, we perform first-principles calculations to investigate the electronic structures of monolayer WS$_2$ on the MnO(111) surface. Our calculation results suggest that a large valley splitting of 214 meV, which corresponds to a Zeeman magnetic field of 1516 T, is induced in the valence band of monolayer WS$_2$. The magnitude of valley splitting relies on the strength of interfacial orbital hybridization, and can be continually tuned by applying an external out-of-plane pressure and in-plane strain. More interestingly, we find that both spin and valley index will flip when the magnetic ordering of MnO is reversed. Besides, owing to the sizeable Berry curvature and time-reversal symmetry breaking in the WS$_2$/MnO heterostructure, a spin and valley polarized anomalous Hall current can be generated in the presence of an in-plane electric field, which allow one to detect valleys by the electrical approach. Our results shed light on the realization of valleytronic devices using the antiferromagnetic insulator as the substrate.
Whole Language and Phonics: Which Instructional Practices are Most Effective in Teaching At-Risk Students to Read?

A disproportionate number of New Zealand students fail to learn to read. Children from low socio-economic backgrounds are over-represented among New Zealand’s under-achieving readers. This study investigated the extent to which teachers of beginning readers in low-decile schools emphasised explicit phonological-based instruction, as well as the relationship between teacher emphasis on phonological instruction and student progress in reading-related skills. Results demonstrated that children from different literacy instruction programmes progressed similarly in all reading-related skills except word reading. Students receiving explicit phonological- based literacy instruction made superior progress in word reading skills over children receiving implicit phonological-based instruction. A strong emphasis on explicit phonological instruction was also associated with a reduction in variation of class word reading scores over time. The study findings support previous research demonstrating that phonological awareness and decoding skills play a crucial role in the development of word reading ability and that explicit phonological-based instruction can attenuate differences in word reading development. Implications for teachers and policy makers are described.
δ-and Quasi-Regularity for Polynomial Ideals 1

We consider the effective construction of δ-regular coordinates for polynomial ideals. Special attention is given to quasi-stable ideals, i. e. monomial ideals possessing a Pommaret basis. Finally, we show that δ-regularity for an ideal I is equivalent to quasi-regularity for P/I (in the sense of Serre).
Adaptive Robust Estimators to Handle Missing Values in Estimati ngTumor Stage Distributions in Population-Based Cancer Registrati on

Accurate cancer stage at diagnosis is essential not only for assessing quality of care and associated prognosis but also for monitoring trends in cancer stages and for assessing effectiveness of early detection interventions. Because the cancer stage is associated with many factors that are not under control of cancer registries, it is infeasible to completely record stages in all cases from registry database. It is necessary to reduce the bias in stage analysis induced by unknown stage cases through statistical adjustment. In this paper, we propose a new adaptive robust method that estimates the distribution of unknown stage cases using both essential and nonessential predictors of cancer stage. Multiple additive regression trees were used to assess the association of explanatory variables (including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and treatment) with unknown stage. The 2004-2009 incidence data on invasive lung cancer from 38 population-based cancer registries that met NAACCR’s high data quality criteria were used to estimate the population stage distribution of lung cancer over the years. Multiple artificial incomplete datasets with unknown stages and predictors were created from the complete datasets, with varying missing data mechanism and different proportions of missingness. The simulated datasets were used to test the efficiency of the proposed method in estimating population stage distribution. In general, the proposed method is more efficient in terms of estimation accuracy and time consumption, compared with the traditional methods such as multiple imputation method and weighting method.