Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In-silico characterisation and comparative mapping of yellow stripe like transporters in five grass species

Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) are the key elements required for many of the biological process in plants and animals. Transporter proteins are essential for uptake, transport and accumulation for Fe and Zn in plants. The present investigation was undertaken to study and compare the structural and functional diversity and evolutionary significance of the yellow stripe-like (YSL) transporters through in-silico tools in five species (barley, Brachypodium, foxtail millet, maize and rice) of Poaceae. One hundred and two YSL transporters collected from public databases were used in the analysis. All YSL transporters possessed PF03169 domain which belongs to the oligo peptide transporters (OPT) super family. Molecular weight of YSL proteins ranged from 11.10 to 84.70 kDa while pI values ranged from 4.99 to 11.64. Scondary structure analysis identified that, alpha helix and random coils were the most common structures of the YSL proteins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the YSL transporters are highly conserved in these five grass species. Comparative mapping of genes of YSL transporters showed maximum synteny between Brachypodium and barley (30%) followed by Brachypodium and rice (25%). Neutrality test has in fact revealed the positive or Darwinian selection on YSL transporters. The results of the present investigation provided a significant understanding of the structural and biological role of YSL transporters as well as the evolutionary pattern in Poaceae family.
Analysis of A Grid Connected Low-Voltage Distributed Generation System In A Microgrid Environment

Technological advancements in the field of power generation especially the renewable energies have made it possible to think of microgrids. This technology is proving to be beneficial in making localized areas self-sufficient in power management. Being at low-voltage (440v-11kV for 3Ø and 230V for 1Ø networks), the microgrid can deliver the needs of domestic as well as small-scale industries which together consume a few kilowatts of power. This paper focuses on a single phase grid connected system catering the needs of a few domestic as well as a small scale industry. Solar energy coupled with a storage system is considered here so that the reliability of the system is improved. Analysis will be made on the system performance illustrating the power consumption at various stages. Matlab R2015 a simulink is used to simulate
Transcritical bifurcation of an immunosuppressive infection model

In this paper, the dynamic behavior of an immunosuppressive infection model, speci_cally AIDS, is analyzed. We show through a simple mathematical model that a sigmoidal CTL response can lead to the occurrence of transcritical bifurcation. This condition usually occurs in immunode_ciency virus infections (such as AIDS infection) in which viruses attack immune cells CD4+T. Our results imply that the dynamic interactions between the CTL immune response and HIV infection are very complex and in the CTL response, dynamics can exist the stable regions and unstable regions. At the end of the paper, numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the main results.
Molecular Phylogeny of Balsams (Genus Impatiens) Based on ITS Regions of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Implies Two Colonization Events in South India

Abstract The present investigation is the first attempt of its kind to analyze the phylogenetic association of Impatiens species of South India by placing them in the global Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) phylogeny of Impatiens. Representative samples from all the seven sections of genus Impatiens reported from South India were collected. Total genomic DNA was extracted from fresh plant leaf and Polymerise Chain Reaction (PCR) was carried out using ITS specific forward and reverse primers. Forty seven sequences from representatives of seven sections of Impatiens species from South India and 45 Impatiens sequences from other centers of Impatiens diversity were obtained from Gen Bank and used to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships within the genus Impatiens. Maximum Parsimony (MP) analysis was conducted by using PAUP*v.4. 0b10. Bayesian Inference (BI) analysis was carried out in MrBayes v.3. 2.2. Molecular phylogeny of South Indian Impatiens spp. based on ITS sequences showed the same association as that of morphological taxonomy. This study including all representative extant sections of South India, indicates that South India was colonized from Southeast Asia by two independent dispersal events i.e., once by ancestral species of sections Scapigerae, Epiphyticae, Tomentosae, Sub-Umbellatae and Racemosae and another time by ancestral species of sections Microsepalae and Annuae.
Quantitative reconstruction of local woodland vegetation using pollen analylsis from a small basin in Norfolk, England

(1) Pollen analysis from very small basins (<0. 1 ha) provides a basis for more spatially-detailed reconstructions of vegetation than are possible from the analysis of lake or bog sediments. Pollen counts from a small hollow in Oxborough Wood, on the margin of the Fenland and Breckland in Norfolk, were calibrated in terms of tree basal-area, to give a vegetational reconstruction which makes full use of the quantitative pollen data. (2) The core covers the entire Flandrian period. The earliest recorded vegetation apparently resembled modern sub-alpine scrub communities in which Salix is important. (3) After the expansion of Corylus about 9000 years ago, the local vegetation was dominated by Pinus and Salix. A lake 20 km distant in the Breckland recorded, by contrast, dominance of Betula and Corylus at this time. (4) More recently than 5000 years B.P., Tilia cordata composed 30-60% of the tree basal-area within 20 m of the site. The decline of Tilia cordata coincides with a rise in herbaceous pollen. The nineteenth-century Pinus plantations in the Breckland are evident in the pollen record. (5) The relatively poor condition of the pollen grains is closely monitored, but there is no evidence of bias introduced by differential preservation between samples.
Prevalencia de la infección cervical por virus papiloma humano (HPV) en población caucásica y guaraní, residente en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina

A genital infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) of a high risk type is necessary for the development of cervical carcinoma. HPV viral distribution among diverse world populations is not homogeneous, viral reservoirs having been detected in particular regions that can interact when humans engage in active contacts. Such viral dynamics alters the population cervical cancer relative risk, particularly when the prevalence of HPV oncogenic risk types is high. We have compared women exposed to different social, cultural and environmental conditions regarding cervical HPV infection, analyzing two populations from Misiones, Argentina: White urban women and--Guarani indian women living in the rain forest. Demographic, clinical and sexual behavior data were collected and cytological, colposcopical and virological analysis performed. Detection and genotypification of HPV was performed by PCR-RFLP. The prevalence for generic HPV infection found was high in both populations, urban women: 43%, Guarani indians: 60%, with a statistically significant difference. These values were positively associated to age of first intercourse, number of male partners and smoking history. HPV type-specific prevalences showed a relative homogeneity between populations when the main representatives of the high risk (16 and 18: 23%) and low risk (6 y 11: 12%) types were grouped together. However, the presence of other viral types was notoriously different, representing only 9% in urban women and 29% in Guarani indians with particularly high risk HPV types (33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 58, 67, 68). This situation might be of importance for future viral dynamics, phylogenetic and vaccine formulation studies.
Mitochondrial structures during seed germination and early seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abstract Mitochondrial morphology and evolution have been observed during seed germination and early seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana line 43a9 (ecotype Columbia) expressing green fluorescent protein in these organelles. Fluorescence, confocal and electronic microscopy images reveal that mitochondrial development goes through different stages, and that the organelle structure varies with cell types during these processes. Mitochondria develop from larger, isodiametric structures pre-existent in the dry seed called promitochondria. After germination, variations in mitochondrial morphology occur synchronously with cell differentiation and cell division in the course of early root development. Some promitochondria develop into intermediate structures resembling the syncytial organelles. These structures have been described in certain plants under hypoxia as intermediates for the formation of mature mitochondria. On the other hand, other promitochondria temporarily remain in the cells of the root apex
Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius prolixus: More than post-prandial diuresis

Rhodnius prolixus, a major vector of Chagas disease, may be considered the model upon which the foundations of insect physiology and biochemistry were built. It is an obligate blood feeder in which the blood meal triggers growth, development and reproduction. The blood meal also triggers a post-prandial diuresis to maintain osmotic homeostasis. In R. prolixus, as with other insects, the Malpighian tubules play a critical role in this diuresis, and much has been learned about diuresis in R. prolixus, and in other model insects. But the post-genomic era has brought new insights, identifying functions quite apart from diuresis for Malpighian tubules. Indeed, microarrays, transcriptomes, and proteomics have revealed the major roles that Malpighian tubules play in immunity, detoxification, pesticide resistance, and in tolerance to overall stress. This is particularly relevant to R. prolixus since gorging on blood creates several challenges in addition to osmotic balance. Xenobiotics may be present in the blood or toxins may be produced by metabolism of blood; and these must be neutralized and excreted. These processes have not been well described at the molecular level for Malpighian tubules of R. prolixus. This paper will review the involvement of Malpighian tubules in immunity and detoxification, identifying new aspects for Malpighian tubule physiology of R. prolixus by virtue of a transcriptome analysis. The transcriptome analysis indicates the potential of Malpighian tubules of R. prolixus to mount a robust innate immune response, and to contribute to antioxidant production and heme detoxification.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Chilean endemic frog Telmatobius chusmisensis Formas, Cuevas & Nuñez, 2006 (Anura, Telmatobiidae)

Abstract Telmatobius chusmisensis is an endemic frog of northern Chile that is only known at its type locality, Chusmisa. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Telmatobius chusmisensis was assembled using high-throughput sequencing data, yielding a circular genome of 19 312 bp with a nucleotide composition of A = 30.8%, C = 24.4%, G = 13.6% and T = 31.2%. Its gene composition and structure were similar to other anuran genomes available: 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and the D-loop region. Phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) showed that Telmatobius chusmisensis, T. bolivianus and T. vellardi are a highly supported monophyletic group. This genome information will allow us to gain a better understanding into phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships in the genus Telmatobius.
The external morphology of the post-embryonic developmental stages of Spinturnix myoti kol. (Acari: Mesostigmata).

An account is given of the external morphology of the post-embryonic developmental stages of Spinturnix myoti Kol. (family Spinturnicidae) with particular reference to the ontogenetic development of the idiosomal, gnathosomal and leg chaetotaxy. Development from the egg through a prelarval stage to the protonymphproceeds in -utero and the protonymph is born in a fully developed form. The deutonymphal stage shows distinct ’sexual’ dimorphism. There is no larval form comparable to that normally present in the life-cycle of the Gamasina although the larval stage may be represented by the so-called prelarva. The extent and significance of the adaptations to ectoparasitism within the Spinturnicidae are discussed.
A taxonomic summary of Chytriomyces (Chytridiomycota)

The genus Chytriomyces was established by Karling to accommodate two similar species, C. hyalinus and C. aureus. The generic concept of Chytriomyces has become altered substantially from its original circumscription, mainly through attrition of utilizable generic characters, to its present simpler, yet less precise definition. Remaining reliable characters that help define Chytriomyces are: an epibiotic and operculate sporangium, and epibiotic resting spores. For each of the 34 species of Chytriomyces, a taxonomic description and ecological/distributional data are presented. The type of Chytriomyces is designated herein, and terminology pertinent to morphological features is discussed. A taxonomic key based on readily observable morphological character states, and figures derived primarily from the original literature, are presented to assist in species identification.
Monitoring of antimicrobial usage among adult bovines in dairy herds of Punjab, India: A quantitative analysis of pattern and frequency

The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial usage (AMU) pattern in dairy herds of Punjab, India. The on-farm quantification of AMU in adult bovine animals by the manual collection of empty drug containers (“bin method”) along with the records of the treatment was carried out in 38 dairy farms involving 1010 adult bovines for 1 year from July 2020 to June 2021. The farm owners were asked to record the antibiotic treatments as well as to deposit empty antibiotic packaging/vials into the provided bins placed at the farms. A total of 14 different antibiotic agents in 265 commercial antibiotic products were administered to the dairy herds during the study. A total of 179 (67.55%) administered products contained antimicrobials of “critical importance” as per the World Health Organization (WHO). Mastitis (54.72%), followed by the treatment of fever (19.62%), reproductive problems (15.47%), and diarrhea (3.40%) accounted for the majority of drugs administered in the herds during the study period. The most commonly used antibiotics were enrofloxacin (89.47% herds; 21.51% products), followed by ceftriaxone (50% herds; 12.83% products), amoxicillin (50% herds; 12.83% products), oxytetracycline (55.26% herds; 11.70% products), and procaine penicillin (47.37% herds; 12.83% products). The highest quantity of AMU [in terms of antimicrobial drug use rate (ADUR)] was observed for ceftiofur, followed by ceftriaxone, procaine benzyl penicillin ceftizoxime, enrofloxacin, cefoperazone, amoxicillin and ampicillin. A total of 125 (47.17%) products contained “highest priority critically important antimicrobials” (HPCIA) and 54 (20.37%) products contained “high priority critically important antimicrobials”. In terms of overall number of animal daily doses (nADD), the highest priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIA) of the WHO such as third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones, respectively accounted for 44.64 and 22.35% of the total antibiotic use in the herds. The bin method offers an alternative to monitoring AMU as a more accessible approach for recording the actual consumption of antimicrobials. The present study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first of its kind to provide an overview of the qualitative and quantitative estimate of AMU among adult bovines from India.
Current status and prospects of diabetes mellitus induced erectile dysfunction: A bibliometric and visualization study

Background The prevalence of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) has recently increased, which has prompted numerous DMED studies. Here, we conduct a bibliometric analysis of relevant literature in the field of DMED and to discuss the research hotspots and future development directions. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for literature on DMED, and literature characterization including the number of articles, journals, countries/regions, institutions, authors, keywords, and other information was performed using VOS viewer and CiteSpace software. In addition, Pajek software was used for visual map adjustment, and GraphPad Prism was used to generate line graphs. Results A total of 804 articles concerning DMED were included in this study. The Journal of Sexual Medicine issued the most documents(92 articles). The United States and China were in the leading position in the field of DMED research, and cross-institutional collaboration on DMED research worldwide needs to be further strengthened. Ryu JK were the authors with the highest number of documents issued (22 articles) while Bivalacqua TJ was the author with the most co-citated(249 co-citated). The keywords analysis shows that the main research hotspots in the field of DMED were mechanism discussions and disease treatment and management. Conclusions Global research on DMED is expected to increase further. The investigation of the mechanism of DMED and the exploration of new therapeutic means and targets are the focus of future research.
Selection itérative de transformations pour la classification d'images

En classification d'images, une strategie efficace pour apprendre un classifieur invariant a certaines transformations consiste a augmenter l'echantillon d'apprentissage par le meme ensemble d'exemples mais auxquels les transformations ont ete appliquees. Neanmoins, lorsque l'ensemble des transformations possibles est grand, il peut s'averer difficile de selectionner un petit nombre de transformations pertinentes parmi elles tout en conservant une taille d'echantillon d'apprentissage raisonnable. optimal. En effet, toutes les transformations n'apportent pas le meme impact sur la performance ; certains peuvent meme degrader la performance. Nous proposons un algorithme de selection automatique de transformations : a chaque iteration, la transformation qui donne le plus grand gain en performance est selectionnee. Nous evaluons notre approche sur les images de la competition ImageNet 2010 et ameliorons la performance en top-5 accuracy de 70.1% a 74.9%.
Implementation and management of a circular public procurement contract for furniture

Circular public procurement (CPP) is one way to increase sustainability and circularity in public spending. As previous research focuses primarily on procurement, more insight is needed on the latter stages CPP. Real-life examples of CPP implementation are also required to promote the concept to practitioners, improve governance, and add depth to the literature. This study, therefore, provides in-depth knowledge of CPP implementation and management by analyzing a case of circular furniture flows and its implications for the procuring organization. The focus on furniture is motivated by the large volumes sent to landfills every year despite its remanufacturing potential, as well as the large environmental impact for production, a potentially long lifetime, and an often-high purchasing price. The results show that strategic decisions to prioritize sustainability are necessary when resource efficiency and cost reductions do not align in a short-term perspective. A more centralized governance structure facilitates decisions on reuse, remanufacturing and disposal in an organization, e.g., coordination of products for remanufacturing, pooling products for reuse, and standardization of design choices. Follow-up and inventory systems are crucial tools for integrating previously installed products with CPP, keeping track of circular flows, and providing feedback to improve subsequent procurements. Crucial elements in the follow-up include adaptation to circularity in the economy system and accounting for the prolonged life and reuse of furniture. The study's results emphasize how an organization's prerequisites play an essential part in the implementation of CPP and that contextual solutions are needed for circular challenges. The study contributes to the fields of policy implementation, CPP, and the use of circular business models in a public context, as well as to the less explored field of procurement in a circular economy context. Suggestions for future research include studies on product categories with other environmental impact profiles, and on waste management regulations that can make or break circular systems.
Colorimetric Determination of Tartaric Acid in Wine

Research indicated a need for improvement in existing methods of measuring tartrate levels in wine. These studies showed considerable disagreement among most investigators with regard to: the colorimetric method to be used, the location of the peak absorption, and whether to read absorption at this peak or along its slope. This study resolves these questions and optimizes the reaction mechanism involved in the analysis. Experiments indicated that these results could be achieved with a modification of the colorimetric method introduced by Matchett et al. Many of the components inherent in wine influenced the colorimetric reaction. Removal of the color by activated charcoal did not separate these, and in fact introduced additional error. Further studies proved that these interferences could be separated by column chromatography. Wine is added to an anion-exchange resin charged with acetate anion. The tartrate ion is eluted off using sodium sulfate. Other carboxylic acids in wine behave similarly, and since they interfere with the colorimetric reaction the eluate had to be fractionated. Color for the tartrate-metavanadate reaction is maximum at 480 nm. Maximum color development takes 80 minutes and lasts for an hour. The method uses a 25-ml portion of the 45th through the 75th-ml fraction, 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid, and 2.0 ml of 3% sodium metavanadate. The sample is compared with a sodium sulfate blank prepared similarly. Presented additionally is an accurate method for lactic acid determination. This method is that of Barker and Summerson as modified by Pilone and Kunkee. This procedure gives reproducible results with excellent recovery of added concentrations of both acids from wine.
The early nodulin gene SrEnod.2 from Sesbania is inducible by cytokinin

Summary The structure and expression of the early nodulin gene €nod2 from the stem-nodulated tropical legume Sesbania rostrata (SrEnod2) was examined. Genomic clones carrying the single SrEnod2locus were isolated and the DNA sequence of the gene was determined. The SrEnod2 gene was found to lack introns and to encode a protein consisting primarily of a %-fold repeat of short proline-rich oligopeptides. A putative signal sequence, which may be responsible for targeting of the EnodP protein to the cell wall, was found to precede this repeat. The temporal expression of the SrEnod2 gene was found to be different in S. rostrata stem versus root nodules induced by Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571. SrEnod2 gene expression was shown to be induced specifically and rapidly by physiologically significant concentrations of exogenously supplied cytokinins. The SrEnod2gene was also found to be highly expressed in S. rostrata crown gall tumors induced by wild-type Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, but not in tumors induced by an A. tumefaciens strain carrying a mutation in the cytokinin biosynthesis gene 4. Implications of these observations with regard to cytokinin-induced plant gene expression and a possible role for cytokinin as a symbiotic signal are discussed.