Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PEMBUATAN ELEKTRODA PASTA KARBON TERMODIFIKASI ZEOLIT UNTUK ANALISIS FENOL SECARA CYCLIC STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY

Abstrak. Penelitian pembuatan elektroda pasta karbon termodifikasi zeolit untuk analisis fenol dengan metode voltametri ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum yang meliputi komposisi elektroda, pH, waktu deposisi, dan laju pindai. Manipulasi komposisi elektroda meliputi komposisi karbon : minyak parafin : zeolit yaitu 3:2:5, 3:3:4, 3:4:3, dan 3:5:2. Pengujian pH optimum dilakukan dengan manipulasi pH 3, 4, 5, dan 6. Manipulasi pada pengujian waktu deposisi optimum yaitu 0, 10, 20, 40, dan 80 s. Pengujian laju pindai optimum menggunakan manipulasi 0,01; 0,02; 0,04; 0,06; dan 0,08 v/s. Hasil pengujian komposisi terbaik didapatkan komposisi 3:5:2 dengan nilai Ipc sebesar -3,15846295 x 10-4 A. Pengujian pH didapatkan pH optimum pada pH 5 dengan nilai Ipc -4,9847854 x 10-4 A. Waktu deposisi optimum yang didapat yaitu sebesar 20 s yang mempunyai nilai Ipc sebesar -4,24110204 x 10-4 A. Pengujian laju pindai optimum didapatkan laju pindai 0,04 v/s dengan nilai Ipc sebesar -5,1729457 x 10-4 A. Hasil pengujian dengan elektroda pasta karbon termodifikasi zeolit dengan metode cyclic stripping voltammetry dibandingkan dengan metode UV-Vis mempunyai selisih % recovery data sebesar 0,4530 %. Kata kunci: voltametri, zeolit, fenol Abstract. Research manufacture of carbon paste electrodes modified zeolites for phenol analysis with voltammetry method has the goal to determine the optimum conditions that include electrode composition, pH, deposition time and scan rate. Manipulation of electrode composition includes carbon composition: paraffin: zeolite is 3:2:5, 3:3:4, 3:4:3 and 3:5:2. The optimum pH testing is done by manipulation of pH 3, 4, 5, and 6. Manipulation at optimum deposition time testing ie 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 s. Testing the optimum scan rate using manipulation 0.01; 0.02; 0.04; 0.06; and 0.08 v / s. The test results obtained composition best composition 3: 5: 2 with Ipc value of -3.15846295 x 10-4 A. Testing pH optimum pH obtained at pH 5 with a value Ipc -4.9847854 x 10-4 A. The optimum deposition time obtained is equal to 20 s that has a value of -4.24110204 Ipc x 10-4 A. testing obtained optimum scan rate scan rate of 0.04 v / s with Ipc value of -5.1729457 x 10-4 A. the test results with carbon paste electrodes modified zeolite with cyclic stripping voltammetry method instead of the UV-Vis has a margin% recovery of data by 0.4530%. Keywords: voltammetry, zeolite, phenol
The point ion modified Poisson–Boltzmann theory for a planar electric double layer with different permittivities for the electrode, inner layer and diffuse layer

The planar electric double layer is modelled by an electrode, inner layer and diffuse layer whose constant permittivities differ. A point ion modified Poisson–Boltzmann analysis is made of the model with the ions in the diffuse layer having a distance of closest approach to the electrode, which is greater than the inner layer thickness and mimics the ion radius of a primitive model electrolyte. Comparisons are made with existing Monte Carlo simulations for uncharged and charged electrodes. For 1:1 and 2:1 electrolytes with a charged electrode, the modified Poisson–Boltzmann theory successfully predicts the singlet ion normalised density functions and the mean electrostatic potential. With the uncharged electrode, the neglect of ion size is more critical and the theoretical predictions are now poor at the higher concentrations.
Politicizing Asian American Literature: Towards a Critical Multiculturalism

Introduction: 'Who Consumes Multiculturalism? ' Part 1: Politically Acquiescent Asian American Multiculturalism 1. Cultural Economies of Model Minority Creation 2. Measuring Silences in Popular Asian American Literature Part 2: Politically Conscious Asian American Multiculturalism 3. Beyond Ethnicity: The Critical Movement in Asian American Literature 4. Is There Any Essential Component of Asian American Literature? : Karen Tei Yamashita's Tropic of Orange 5. Counteracting the Hegemonic Discourse of 'America': Ruth Ozeki's My Year of Meats. Conclusion: Multiculturalism, or an International Marketing of U.S. Capitalism
Moisture Diffusivity of Corn Kernel Components During Adsorption Part II: Pericap

A corn kernel was modeled as a slab core (corn without pericarp) and a slab shell (pericarp), and moisture diffusivity of the pericarp was estimated by optimizing the experimental and theoretical adsorption data using a finite difference technique. The diffusion equations were solved using the Crank-Nicolson scheme. Experimental data were obtained from thin-layer moisture adsorption tests using two varieties of corn (FR27 ¥ MO17 and P3576) with and without pericarp. Air temperatures of 25, 30, 35, and 40° C each at 75, 80, and 90% relative humidity were used. The mean moisture diffusivity of pericarp increased with air temperature (0.355 ¥ 109 to 0.553 ¥ 10–9 m2/h) and decreased with air relative humidity (0.435 ¥ 10–9 to 0.498 ¥ 10–9 m2/h). Moisture diffusivity values of corn pericarp were much lower (about two orders of magnitude) than those of corn with and without pericarp.
Investigations at Sites Contaminated with Dense, Non‐Aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPLs)

Increasingly, ground water supplies are being found to be contaminated with organic substances. Depending on the nature of these substances and the method by which they were introduced into the environment, they may form a second, dense liquid phase. Several such cases have been reported in the recent literature. In other cases, such a second phase might have actually been present but was not found because the principles governing its distribution were not understood and no effort was made to look for it. In this case, the undetected material could continue to migrate and act as a source of dissolved organics. This article reviews the general principles governing the behavior of dense, immiscible second-phase organic liquids in both the unsaturated and saturated zones, based primarily on the petroleum industry literature for primary hydrocarbon migration and on the oil spill literature. This specialized knowledge can be used to conduct a meaningful and efficient investigation of such contamination sites and can also be used to select and implement successful remedial measures. Several actual case studies applying the principles of multi-phase flow are also presented.
The influence of lubricating fluid type on the properties of biodegradable greases

The lubricating ability of a grease depends on both the base oil and the thickener. As a result of their intrinsic properties and/or because of their com-patibility with thickeners and specific additives, base fluids have different influences upon the properties of grease formulations. It is well known that mineral oils are the most widely used lubricant bases due to their inherent lubricity and lower cost, but recent environmental concern has led to consideration of the use of vegetable oils and readily biodegradable synthetic fluids as raw materials in lubricating grease formulations. As well as the base materials, the additives for biodegradable greases should also be biodegradable. This requirement limits the kind of products that may be used in environmentally friendly greases. This paper presents comparative data concerning the tribological and physico-chemical properties of biodegradable greases formulated with certain vegetable oils, such as rape seed oil, castor oil, and soybean oil or their mixtures, and synthetic esters. The improvement of the load-carrying properties of biodegradable greases and the antioxidative effect of some suitable additives have also been studied, and the results are presented here.
A VIRTUAL SIMULATOR AS A TOOL FOR TEACHING REFRACTOMETRY

Significance: Several educational technological innovations are developed with the purpose of contributing to the training of future optometrists and ophthalmologists. However, very little is available for teaching refractometry. EYE REFRACTION is a simulator mobile applications (App) that works as a fast, straightforward and interactive interface tool for teaching refractometry. Purpose: Develop novel mobile application software (EYE REFRACTION) as a tool for teaching refractometry in medical schools. Methods: EYE REFRACTION software was developed by the emerging company “Ciência Ilustrada studio” incubated at “INOVA Metrópole” of the Digital Metropolis Institute of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (IMD-UFRN), using the XCode 4.6. 2. program (Apple Computer, Inc. Cupertino, CA, USA). This application software (App) was created for Tablets and has a fully interactive workspace, where after inserting the refraction data of the patient, the user can observe points or focal lines of the refractive errors and all the arrangements resulting from the various possible corrections. Results: After 90 days of blind and random simulations of the EYE REFRACTION App performed by volunteered ophthalmologists, six failures were detected and promptly corrected. Two were detected when refractive errors were simulated (simple myopic astigmatism), two during simulations of hypermetropic astigmatism, being one simple and the other compound, and two others during the simulation of mixed astigmatism. Conclusion: A novel App for teaching refractometry was successfully developed, where it enabled a real-time observation of refractive errors and their arrangements. The EYE REFRACTION App is currently available at Apple App Store. [Pinheiro et. al., Vol.5 (Iss.10): October, 2017] ISSN2350-0530(O), ISSN2394-3629(P) DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1039577 Http://www.granthaalayah. com ©International Journal of Research GRANTHAALAYAH [24]
Sonda espiral de TDR para a medida da umidade no perfil do solo

A tecnica da reflectometria no dominio do tempo (TDR) tem sido uma das mais utilizadas para determinacao da umidade volumetrica (q) dos solos, devido as caracteristicas favoraveis, como alta precisao, nao-utilizacao de radiacao ionizante e pequena influencia da salinidade, densidade e textura do solo. Entretanto, uma das limitacoes e que a maioria dos equipamentos e sondas de TDR disponiveis nao possibilita a medida no perfil do solo, como, por exemplo, permite a tecnica da sonda de neutrons. Com a TDR ha necessidade de abrir buracos para a instalacao de sondas nas profundidades desejadas, restringindo-se o numero de pontos amostrados no perfil do solo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar e testar uma sonda de TDR que possibilitasse a sondagem detalhada da umidade ao longo do perfil do solo. O sistema consiste de uma sonda espiral posicionada na extremidade de uma haste metalica, acoplada a um penetrometro de impacto utilizado para facilitar a insercao da sonda nas profundidades desejadas. A calibracao da sonda foi realizada em laboratorio, com sete solos de diferentes texturas, e sua validacao feita em campo nos mesmos solos. A resposta da constante dieletrica (e) medida com a sonda, considerando a umidade, foi mais bem representada por uma funcao matematica do tipo q = a - be + c/e2. O experimento de campo para a validacao da calibracao obtida em laboratorio apresentou erro-padrao da estimativa da umidade de 6 %, considerando uma unica equacao de calibracao com todos os solos em conjunto, e 5 %, levando-se em conta as equacoes com os solos separados em dois grupos conforme a textura.
Reactivity of the (100) Plane of Pyrite in Oxidizing Gaseous and Aqueous Environments: Effects of Surface Imperfections

The oxidation-induced degradation of pyrite in mine tailing piles is of significant interest, since the resulting production of sulfuric acid has a severe detrimental impact on the surrounding environment. Hence, there has been much effort to understand the mechanism of pyrite oxidation. Much of the information concerned with the surface reactivity of pyrite, however, has been inferred from macroscopic observations during aqueous studies. Here, we directly investigated model FeS2(100) surfaces after exposure to well-defined oxidizing environments, with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, to evaluate the mechanism of pyrite oxidation at a microscopic level. Our studies showed that, in the pure H2O vapor environment, oxidation of FeS2(100) was spatially limited to nonstoichiometric or sulfur-deficient surface sites. Results further suggested that thiosulfate was a long-lived intermediate that ultimately converted to sulfate on the pyrite surface in this environment. Significant oxidation of the disulfide grou.
Use of nonpolar resin for reduction of fluoranthene bioavailability in sediment

The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Amersorbb® 1500, a carbonaceous resin, for reducing the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediment. Initial studies were conducted with a model PAH, fluoranthene, to determine how effective the resin would be at reducing fluoranthene concentrations in water and sediment pore water. Fluoranthene concentrations were reduced by more than 70% within 24 h when 0.1 g of unconditioned resin was added to 500‐ml solutions containing 160 μg/L fluoranthene. Within 48 h, concentrations decreased by more than 92%. Addition of Ambersorb to fluoranthene‐spiked sediment showed similar reductions of fluoranthene concentrations in pore water. Based on these initial results, a 10‐d bioaccumulation/toxicity experiment was conducted in which the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus was exposed to fluoranthene‐spiked sediment with and without resin. Chemical analyses showed that sediment amended with resin had greatly diminished pore‐water fluoranthene concentrations compared with sediment without resin. Proportional reductions in whole‐body fluoranthene concentrations were observed in oligochaetes exposed to resin‐amended sediments. As would be expected from enhancement of fluoranthene toxicity by ultraviolet light, organisms exposed to fluoranthene‐spiked sediment exhibited significant mortality upon subsequent exposure to ultraviolet light. Consistent with their lower body burdens, organisms from resin‐treated sediment lacked this sensitivity (100% survival). These experiments demonstrate that Ambersorb 1500 effectively reduces the bioavailability of fluoranthene in spiked sediment. Additional studies are needed to define the boundaries of the resin's effectiveness in influencing the bioavailability of other PAHs and nonpolar organic chemicals in spiked and field‐contaminated sediments.
Quantitative land-cover change in space and time over the last 11 000 years in the Baltic Sea catchment area and Norway - implications for studies on vegetation-climate interactions and land-use as a forcing of climate change

(1) Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden (anna-kari.trondman@lnu.se), (2) Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sweden, (3) Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia , (4) Department of Biology and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, (5) Uni Research Climate & Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway, (6) National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden, (7) Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeobotany, Department of Plant Ecology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland , (8) Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden , (9) Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
One Step Synthesis of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Gold Nanocomposites for Enhancing Electrochemical Response

In this paper, a novel strategy for the one step synthesis of the carbon nanotube/gold (MWCNT−Au) nanocomposites to obtain a well-defined conductive nanomaterial has been explored and incorporated into the electrochemical system to facilitate the electron exchange between the electrode and the electrochemical probe.
Rapid preparation of CeFe4Sb12 skutterudite by melt spinning: rich nanostructures and high thermoelectric performance

In this work, we adopt a non-equilibrium melt spinning technique combined with a subsequent spark plasma sintering technique to successfully synthesize a p-type nanostructured CeFe4Sb12 skutterudite compound with high homogeneity in less than 24 hours. Microstructures of the melt-spun ribbons and the sintered bulk material are systematically investigated. The evolution of multiple-phase melt-spun ribbons into a single-phase skutterudite compound during the heating process is also carefully examined. Greatly refined matrix grains (300–500 nm) and numerous FeSb2 nanodots with sizes below 50 nm are evenly distributed inside the grains, and together contribute to the experimentally observed low lattice thermal conductivity of the sintered bulk material. Both absolute and average ZT values of this melt-spun skutterudite are about 10% higher than in the material of the same composition prepared by traditional melting and long-term annealing. The markedly shortened preparation time coupled with the enhanced thermoelectric performance should make this synthesis process of interest for commercial applications.
The diffusion coefficient of a reptating polymer

The dynamics of a polymer in a network of entanglements is studied. The viscosity has been examined for chains up to 50 links and is found to scale with chain length L as L3.41±0.14 in agreement with previous theoretical work, that attributes this anomalous exponent as a finite size effect because of the finite tube length. Numerical results for chains up to 100 links give that the diffusion coefficient D, scales as L−2.50±0.04. This result differs from theoretical predictions based on tube fluctuations which claim finite length effects are unimportant for diffusion and therefore imply a −2 power law dependence for D. The reason for this discrepancy is examined. Previous work used a one‐dimensional rather than a three‐dimensional diffusion coefficient as the starting point of analysis. By deriving the correct procedure for calculating the three‐dimensional D, one sees that it has corrections to its asymptotic behavior which are quite large, of order L−1/2, rather than L−1 as was thought previously. This s.
UV Photolysis of ClOOCl

ClOOCl (ClO dimer) photolysis is believed to dominate the catalytic destruction of polar stratospheric ozone during springtime through the production of atomic chlorine. Decomposition by an alternate pathway to form ClO would not catalyze ozone loss. Molecular beam experiments have demonstrated that photoexcitation of ClOOCl at both 248 and 308 nm leads to dissociation via multiple dynamical pathways, producing ClO + ClO and 2Cl + O2. At 248 nm, both concerted and sequential dissociation to 2Cl + O2 were observed. The primary dissociation channels occurred within a rotational period at both excitation wavelengths. The relative Cl:ClO product yields are 0.88:0.12 and 0.90:0.10 at 248 and 308 nm, respectively. Lower limits on these ratios were determined. These results substantially confirm the importance of ClOOCl photolysis in catalyzing springtime polar ozone depletion.
Evaluation of hydrolyzed oat flour as a replacement for butter and coconut cream in bakery products Evaluación del uso de harina de avena en sustitución de la mantequilla y crema de coco en productos de pastelería

Hydrolyzed oat flour, called Oatrim, was found able to cr eate suitable food desserts when partially substituted for butter or coconut cr eam. In bakery pr oducts, a 25% Oatrim gel was substituted for butter in rice cookie, br ownie, and banana cake r ecipes. The cholester ol contents of the rice cookie, banana cake, and br ownie wer e reduced by 24.7%, 13.5%, and 24.1%, r espectively. Coconut cream was replaced with a 15% Oatrim suspension in the Thai desserts coconut custar d, coconut cream spread, and mungbean conserve. In these pr oducts, a substantial r eduction in saturated fat content was found: coconut custar d (60.6% reduction), mungbean conserve (76.4% r eduction), coconut cream spread (83.7% reduction). Although adequate textur e measurements wer e observed for most par- tially substituted products, the breaking strengths of the rice cookie and mungbean conserve wer e significantly increased over control foods. These data suggested that the use of the gel should be limited to less than 50% of the substitution. W ithin the experimental parameters examined, the baked goods and Thai desserts exhibited satisfactory sensory qualities in the 50% to 60% substitution range.
THE CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF THE 1:1 COMPLEX FORMED BETWEEN 4-PHENYLPYRIDINE-1-OXIDE AND COPPER(II) CHLORIDE

Abstract The crystal structure of the binuclear complex formed between 4-phenylpyridine-1-oxide and copper(II) chloride has been determined. Single crystal X-ray counter methods were used to collect 3648 non-zero reflections. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with a unit cell of dimensions a = 10.069(8) A, b = 12.857 (5) A, c = 10.143 (5) A, α = 106°10(5)′, β = 99°45 (5)′, and γ = 97°2 (5)′. The observed and calculated densities are 1.709 and 1.704 g. cm−3, respectively. The structure was refined by least-squares methods to a conventional R factor of 0.058. The complex consists of two independent oxygen-bridged dimers of empirical formulas [(C11H9NO)CuCl2]2 and [(C11H9NO)CuCl2·H2O]2. The Cu(II) ions in one dimer are four-coordinate and contain two bridging Cu[sbnd]O bonds of 1.978 (5) and 1.986(4) A. The Cu(II) ions in the second dimer are five coordinate with a water molecule occupying the apical site of a square-based pyramidal geometry. The Cu[sbnd]O (w) bond is 2.356(7) A and th.
A review of public datasets in question answering research

Recent years have seen an increase in the number of publicly available datasets that are released to foster research in question answering systems. In this work, we survey the available datasets and also provide a simple, multi-faceted classification of those datasets. We further survey the most recent evaluation results that form the current state of the art in question answering research by exploring related research challenges and associated online leaderboards. Finally, we provide a discussion around the existing online challenges and provide a wishlist of datasets whose release could benefit question answering research in the future.