Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF PROCEDURES FOR ESTABLISHING IN SITU SUBGRADE MODULI

Through the efforts of the Strategic Highway Research Program Long-Term Pavement Performance study, a vast amount of data has been collected on hundreds of pavement test sections across North America. As part of this effort, extensive subgrade data have been collected, including Atterberg limits, gradations, moisture contents, deflection data, laboratory resilient moduli, and subgrade profiles. With this wealth of information on the subgrade and its associated properties, it becomes possible to evaluate previously proposed methods for determining the subgrade resilient moduli and possibly to develop new models to improve the ability to estimate soil support conditions for pavement design purposes. Three methods for determining the subgrade resilient moduli are considered: laboratory testing, backcalculation using deflections measured from nondestructive testing (NDT), and an estimation equation contained in the 1986 AASHTO Guide. There is currently no consensus as to which moduli value should be used for pavement design. An attempt is made to develop relationships between the various sources for moduli prediction. Based on the data currently available, there appears to be little if any relationship between these various methods for determining the resilient modulus of a subgrade. Efforts were made to develop moduli prediction equations based on various subgrade properties and NDT. The subgrades were separated into basic soil classifications (clay, sand, and silt) and models were developed for each subgrade type. Each model contains the load and sensor 7 reading from falling weight deflectometer test results. Other properties that proved to be significant were the thicknesses of the pavement layers, percent saturation of the subgrade, dry densities, and specific gravities.
Simplified inelastic analysis procedure to evaluate a butt-welded elbow end

In a thin-walled piping network, the end of an elbow welded to a straignt pipe constitutes one of the highly stressed cross-sections that require structural evaluation. Explicit rules are not provided in the ASME Code for structural evaluation of the elbow ovalization and fabrication effects at the welded end. This paper presents a conservative semi-analytical procedure that can be used with simplified inelastic analysis to evaluate the elbow cross section welded to the straight pipe. The concept of carry-over factors is used to obtain ovalization stresses or strains at the elbow end. The stresses introduced by material and geometric nonuniformities in the fabrication process are then added to the ovalization stresses to complete structural evluation of the girth butt-welded elbow joint.
Are There Disadvantaged Clienteles in Mutual Funds? Evidence from German Mutual Fund Investors z

This paper studies the ∞ow-performance relationship of three difierent investor groups in mutual funds: households, flnancial corporations, and insurances and pension funds, establishing the following flndings: Financial corporations have a strong tendency to chase past performance and also hold an increased share in the top performing funds. Insurances and pension funds show some evidence for performance chasing, however, are underrepresented in the best performing funds. Private households chase performance, but they are also subject to status quo bias in their
2018 International Conference on Bilingual Learning and Teaching 25-27 October 2018 , OUHK Jockey Club Campus Title : Syntactic annotation of a second-language learner corpus

CzeSL (Hana et al 2010, http://utkl.ff.cuni.cz/learncorp/) is a learner corpus of texts produced by nonnative speakers of Czech. Such corpora are a great source of information about specific features of learners’ language, helping language teachers and researchers in the area of second language acquisition. Each sentence in the CzeSL corpus has an error annotation and a target hypothesis with its morphological and syntactic annotation. However, there is no linguistic annotation of the original text. This means we can see what grammatical constructions the authors should have used but not what they actually used. And we can analyze their grammar only indirectly via the error annotation. For these reasons, in our project, we have focused on syntactic annotation of the non-native text within the framework of Universal Dependencies (http://universaldependencies.org). As far as we know, this is a first project annotating a richly inflectional non-native language. Our ideal goal has been to annotate according to the non-native grammar in the mind of the author, not according to the standard grammar. However, this brings many challenges. First, we do not have enough data to get reliable insights into the grammar of each author. Second, many phenomena are far more complicated than they are in native languages. Our annotation principles include: • When form and function clash, form is considered less important. For example, if a word functions as an adjective, we annotate it as an adjective even if it has a verbal ending. • When lacking information, we make conservative statements. • We focus on syntactic structure and the most important grammatical functions, annotating unclear functions with an underspecified label. We believe that the most important result of this project is not the actual annotation, but the guidelines that can be used as a basis for other non-native languages.
Cloning and functional characterization of Δ 6 fatty acid desaturase ( FADS 2 ) in Eurasian perch ( Perca fluviatilis ) .

The Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) is a freshwater carnivorous species of high interest to diversify inland aquaculture. However, little is known about its ability to bioconvert polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from plant oils into long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). In this study, special attention has been given to the fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) which is commonly described to be a rate-limiting enzyme of the LC-PUFA biosynthesis. This work reports on the cloning, tissue expression and functional characterization of the Eurasian perch fads2, but also on the cloning of two alternative splicing transcripts named fads2AS1 and fads2-AS2. The fads2 cDNA cloned is composed of an open reading frame (ORF) of 1338 nucleotides (nt) and encodes a protein of 445 amino acids. This deduced amino acid sequence displays the typical structure of microsomal FADS2 including two transmembrane domains and an N-terminal cytochrome b5 domain with the "HPGG" motif. Quantitative . Document type : Article de périodique (Journal article) Référence bibliographique Geay, F ; Tinti, E ; Michaux, C ; Mellery, J ; Larondelle, Yvan ; et. al. Cloning and functional characterization of Δ6 fatty acid desaturase (FADS2) in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis). In: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Vol. 191, p. 112-125 (2016) DOI : 10.1016/j.cbpb. 2015.10. 004 Cloning and functional characterization of Δ6 fatty acid desaturase (FADS2) in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) F. Geay , E. Tinti , J. Mellery , C. Michaux , Y. Larondelle , E. Perpète , P. Kestemont a,⁎ a Unité de Recherche en Biologie Environnementale et Evolutive (URBE), Université de Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium b Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Université de Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium c Institut des Sciences de la Vie, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud, 2/L7.05. 08, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o
Fermentation characteristics and nutritional quality of elephant grass silage added the buriti fruit peel

The objective of this research was to evaluated the inclusion of buriti fruit peel as additive on the fermentation profile, losses, chemical composition and degradability of elephant grass silage. We used a completely randomized design with five levels of buriti fruit peel (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 g kg-1). The silos were opened after 28 days of storage. In situ degradability monitoring was conducted using a split-plot design in which four animals represented the blocks and silage supplemented with five levels of buriti fruit peel represented the treatments. The use of the additive in elephant silage increased dry matter (DM) (P < 0.001), ether extract (EE) (P < 0.001), ash (P < 0.001), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P < 0.001) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P= 0.0000). The pH (P= 0.0000), N-NH3 (P = 0.024) and there was a decrease in gas losses (P < 0.001), effluent losses and dry matter recovery (P = 0.218) not were influenced by the addition of buriti fruit peel. The inclusion of buriti fruit peel linearly reduced the ruminal degradability DM of soluble fraction (a) (P < 0.001) and potentially degradable insoluble fraction (b) (P < 0.001). The DM content increase with the addition of the buriti fruit peel to the elephant grass silage promotes improvements in the fermentation process, reduces losses of nutrients and ruminal disappearance of dry matter and does not significantly change the chemical composition with the inclusion of 166.7 g kg-1 of the buriti fruit peel.
Biosequestration of atmospheric CO 2 and flue gas-containing CO 2 by microalgae

The unceasing rise of greenhouse gas emission has led to global warming and climate change. Global concern on this phenomenon has put forward the microalgal-based CO2 sequestration aiming to sequester carbon back to the biosphere, ultimately reducing greenhouse effects. Microalgae have recently gained enormous attention worldwide, to be the valuable feedstock for renewable energy production, due to their high growth rates, high lipid productivities and the ability to sequester carbon. The photosynthetic process of microalgae uses atmospheric CO2 and CO2 from flue gases, to synthesize nutrients for their growth. In this review article, we will primarily discuss the efficiency of CO2 biosequestration by microalgae species, factors influencing microalgal biomass productions, microalgal cultivation systems, the potential and limitations of using flue gas for microalgal cultivation as well as the bio-refinery approach of microalgal biomass. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Maturity Effects in Futures Contracts on the SAFEX Market

ABSTRACT This article examines maturity effects for futures contracts listed on the South African Futures Exchange (SAFEX). Three classes of derivative contracts are examined agricultural, metals and energy futures. Estimation of the Samuelson effect is by the ordinary least squares (OLS) approach using the volatility estimator in Garman and Klass (1980), Parkinson (1980) and Serletis (1992). The analysis simultaneously tests for the Samuelson effect, while establishing significance of traded volume, change in open interest and bid-ask spread on intraday volatility. Multicollinearity and seasonality are incorporated to examine if maturity effects remain in the contracts. Findings are that only wheat supports maturity effects. However, white maize and silver volatility decline as time-to-maturity diminishes. The implications of the results for traders and market participants are discussed.
Strategies for testing the impact of natural flood risk management measures

Natural Flood Management (NFM) is an approach that seeks to work with natural processes to enhance the flood regulating capacity of a catchment, whilst delivering a wide range of ecosystem services, from pollution assimilation to habitat creation and carbon storage. This chapter describes a tiered approach to NFM, commencing with strategic modelling to identify a range of NFM opportunities (tree-planting, distributed runoff attenuation features, and soil structure improvements), and their potential benefits, before engagement with catchment partners, and prioritisation of areas for more detailed hydrological modelling and uncertainty analysis. NFM measures pose some fundamental challenges in modelling their contribution to flood risk management because they are often highly distributed, can influence multiple catchment processes, and evidence for their effectiveness at the large scale is uncertain. This demands we model the ‘upstream’ in more detail so that we can assess the effectiveness of many small-scale changes at the large-scale. We demonstrate an approach to address these challenges employing the fast, high resolution, fully-distributed inundation model JFLOW, and visualisation of potential benefits in map form. These are used to engage catchment managers who can prioritise areas for potential deployment of NFM measures, where more detailed modelling may be targeted. We then demonstrate a framework applying the semi-distributed Dynamic TOPMODEL in which uncertainty plays an integral role in the decision-making process.
Towards an Understanding of How School Administrative Clerk’s Negotiate Their Work in Public Schools: A Social Worlds Perspective

Abstract There is a dearth of literature concerning the social worlds of school administrative staff. The aim of the presentpaper is to understand the complex (social) reality of their work. Hence, the researchers used the notion of social worlds as a theoretical lens. The theoretical lens challenged us as researchers to understand the administrative clerk not as individuals but as participants within the social world of public schools. A qualitative methodology and case studies with multiple levels of input from participants were used. The researchers argued that the agency of the school administrative clerk lies in reworking, reconstructing, and influencing the social world of the school. The researchers asserted that the social worlds of school administrative clerks are closely tied to their perspectives, that is, their subjective understanding of their social context. The researchers argued that school administrative clerks are an integral part of the school social world-much more than the current discourse gives them credit for. The researchers findings suggestedthat the role of school administrative clerks needs to be re-imagined and reconceptualized to recognize the existing commitments that they are dedicated to. Finally, using social world’s theoretical lens clarifies the crucial role of administrative clerks for the successful running of their schools.
Embryology IVF culture medium affects post-natal weight in humans during the first 2 years of life †

Sander H.M. Kleijkers1, Aafke P.A. van Montfoort1, Luc J.M. Smits2, Wolfgang Viechtbauer3, Tessa J. Roseboom4, Ewka C.M. Nelissen1, Edith Coonen1, Josien G. Derhaag1, Lobke Bastings1,5, Inge E.L. Schreurs1, Johannes L.H. Evers1, and John C.M. Dumoulin1,* Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Present address: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
The Strategic Use of Marketing as Revenue Management in Finnish Start-up Companies (Available on Internet)

The view of marketing has during the recent decades on some levels been seen as an uncertain investment of company resources, and the role of marketing during board room discussions remains uncertain. Therefore, the question one should ask is: why is this the case? This thesis aims to cover how marketing could, and should, be viewed from a strategic perspective from the beginning of a company, thus focusing on keeping marketing as a strategic asset and considering everything to be part of a company’s marketing. The focus in this thesis will lie on two Finnish start-up companies. Approaching marketing from this perspective is in this thesis called using marketing as revenue management – considering that “as all revenue is generated from customers, there is no business without customers”. As the research questions in this thesis are abstract and cover a quite narrow field, the chosen approach as the data collection will be a qualitative study. The study will focus on two Finnish start-up companies, roughly on the same level regarding their process, and how they approach marketing, and whether or not they use it as revenue management. The data collection will be carried out through interviews with three key individuals from the two selected start-ups. The raw data extracted from the interviews with the start-ups give an insight on how the start-up companies perceive marketing. The questions in the interview allowed for the respondents to openly explain how they perceive marketing, as well as pointing out at a graph (Figure 2) where they would place themselves regarding their marketing. After analyzing the results, it did become quite clear that what the start-ups thought they knew about how they perceive marketing. Conversely, their perception did not quite match the outcome after a thorough analysis of the data. As a conclusion to this research, where the goal was to study whether or not Finnish start-up companies in fact do use marketing as revenue management, it can be said that they do to some degree, perhaps a bit less than they perceive it themselves. Using it on the level proposed in the theoretical framework of this study would therefore perhaps require a greater effort from both companies.
Supplementary Materials for Collaborative Recurrent Autoencoder

As mentioned in the paper, fa,b({(h t ; s (j) t )}t) is the result of beta-pooling. The cumulative distribution function of the beta distribution F (x; a, b) = B(x;a,b) B(a,b) = Ix(a, b), where B(x; a, b) = ∫ x 0 ta−1(1− t)b−1dt is the incomplete beta function and the denominator B(a, b) = Γ(a+b) Γ(a) Γ(b) . Γ(·) is the gamma function and Ix(a, b) is also called the regularized incomplete beta function. If we denote φ t = (h (j) t ; s (j) t ) for t = 1, . , Tj and φ (j) t = (h (j) t+1; s (j) t+1) for t = Tj + 1, . , 2Tj , we
Forging Best Practices in Risk Management

This paper approaches risk management from three perspectives: firm-level risk measurement, governance and incentives, and systemic concerns. These are three essential dimensions of best practices in risk management; although we discuss each dimension separately, they are interrelated. The paper begins with a brief review of salient changes and unmet challenges in risk measurement in the wake of the financial crisis. It proceeds with a discussion of the interplay between volatility regimes and the potential for risk amplification at a system-wide level through simultaneous risk mitigation at the individual firm level. Quantitative risk measurement cannot be effective without a sound corporate risk culture, so the paper then develops a model of governance that recognizes cognitive biases in managers. The model allows a comparison of the incentive effects of compensation contracts and leads to recommendations for improving risk management through improved contract design. The last section takes a systemic perspective on risk management. Risk managers must recognize important ways in which market dynamics deviate from simple, idealized models of hedging an individual firm's exposures. Firms' collective hedging, funding, and collateral arrangements can channel through the financial system in ways that amplify shocks. Understanding these effects requires an appreciation for the organization of trading operations within firms. The article concludes with a summary and recommendations.
On the relationship between lightning peak current and Early VLF perturbations

Lightning strokes are known to cause direct heating and ionization of the D region, some of which are detected via scattering of VLF transmitter signals and are known as Early VLF events. The disturbed ionosphere typically recovers in many tens of seconds. New experimental evidence is presented demonstrating that the scattering pattern and onset amplitude of Early VLF events are strongly related to both the magnitude and polarity of causative lightning peak current. Observations of Early VLF events at nine Stanford VLF receiver sites across the continental United States are combined with lightning geolocation data from the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN). During January and March 2011, NLDN recorded 7769 intense lightning discharges with high peak currents (>100 kA) generating 1250 detected Early VLF events. We show that the size of the scattered field due to the ionospheric disturbance increases with the peak current intensity of the causative lightning discharge. The most intense peak currents of >+200 and <−250 kA disturb VLF transmitter signals as far as ∼400 km away from the lightning stroke. Early VLF event detection probability also increases rapidly with peak current intensity. On the other hand, the observed VLF amplitude change is not significantly dependent on the peak current intensity. Stroke polarity is also important, with positive strokes being ∼5 times more likely to generate Early VLF disturbances than negative strokes of the same intensity. Intense positive cloud‐to‐ground lightning discharges, especially when occurring over the sea, are also more likely to produce Early VLF events with long recovery (many minutes).
The establishment of a breeding population of Smew Mergellus albellus in an atypical habitat on the Atlantic coast of Norway

The breeding range of the Smew Mergellus albellus extends across northern Eurasia from northeastern parts of Fennoscandia, throughout Russia, and eastwards to the Pacific Ocean (del Hoyo et al. 1992, Snow & Perrins 1998, Kear 2005). It is usually considered a taiga species, strongly associated with the coniferous taiga zone. The Smew normally nests in tree cavities but also readily uses artificial nest boxes, and the northern border of the breeding distribution closely matches that of Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius (del Hoyo et al. 1992, Snow & Perrins 1998). It is sparse in most of the breeding range, and the European population of Smew is currently considered as ʻVulnerableʼ with an estimated size of 5300–8400 breeding pairs (BirdLife International 2004). The Smew colonised Northern Scandinavia during the second half of the 19th century (Haftorn 1971). Throughout most of the 20th century, it was one of the rarest breeding birds in Scandinavia. However, during the last three decades the Swedish population has increased strongly, from roughly 100 pairs in the 1980s, to a present population of approximately 1600 pairs (Ottosson et al. 2012). The first breeding in Norway was recorded in the eastern part The establishment of a breeding population of Smew Mergellus albellus in an atypical habitat on the Atlantic coast of Norway