Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Calibrated Mass Loss Predictions for the Greenland Ice Sheet

The potential contribution of ice sheets remains the largest source of uncertainty in predicting sea‐level due to the limited predictive skill of numerical ice sheet models, yet effective planning necessitates that these predictions are credible and accompanied by a defensible assessment of uncertainty. While the use of large ensembles of simulations allows probabilistic assessments, there is no guarantee that these simulations are aligned with observations. Here, we present a probabilistic prediction of 21st century mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet calibrated with observations of surface speeds and mass change using a novel two‐stage surrogate‐based approach. Our results suggest a sea‐level contribution ranging from 4 to 30 cm at the year 2100, proviso the assumption that our chosen ice sheet model’s physics represent reality.
Are Permeable Pavements a Sustainable Solution? A Qualitative Study of the Usage of Permeable Pavements

This paper contains an interview-based study focusing on permeable pavements as part of sustainable drainage systems. Climate change is causing pluvial flooding, according to the newest IPCC report. This mostly affects urban areas in cities due to: (1) limited capacity of existing drainage systems during heavy-intensity rainfall over a short period of time and (2) limited space for ditches in city areas. Permeable pavements are, therefore, sustainable drainage solutions which combine road infrastructure with water infrastructure. Are permeable pavements a preferable sustainable solution? To answer that question, 24 respondents were interviewed. The interview study was based on a semi-structured interview methodology. A lessons-learned experience was gathered, and the following conclusions were contrived: Firstly, official guidelines on how to construct, consult, and maintain permeable pavements are required. Secondly, more contractors should be able to offer the same product. Finally, official guidelines on the relationship between the contractors are required. These three indicators were extracted from the study.
THE NEXT GENERATION ATLAS OF QUASAR SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS FROM RADIO TO X-RAYS

We have produced the next generation of quasar spectral energy distributions (SEDs), essentially updating the work of Elvis et al. by using high-quality data obtained with several space- and ground-based telescopes, including NASA's Great Observatories. We present an atlas of SEDs of 85 optically bright, non-blazar quasars over the electromagnetic spectrum from radio to X-rays. The heterogeneous sample includes 27 radio-quiet and 58 radio-loud quasars. Most objects have quasi-simultaneous ultraviolet–optical spectroscopic data, supplemented with some far-ultraviolet spectra, and more than half also have Spitzer mid-infrared Infrared Spectrograph spectra. The X-ray spectral parameters are collected from the literature where available. The radio, far-infrared, and near-infrared photometric data are also obtained from either the literature or new observations. We construct composite SEDs for radio-loud and radio-quiet objects and compare these to those of Elvis et al., finding that ours have similar overall shapes, but our improved spectral resolution reveals more detailed features, especially in the mid- and near-infrared.
Recent Progress in Identifying Bacteria with Fluorescent Probes

The development of new techniques to rapidly and accurately detect bacteria has drawn continuous attention due to the potential threats posed by bacteria to human health and safety. Recently, a novel strategy based on fluorescent probes has drawn considerable interest for the detection of bacteria due to its high selectivity, fast response, and simple operation. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on fluorescent probes for the specific recognition and discrimination of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In particular, we outline current design strategies, such as targeting of the differences in surface components, cell wall components, endogenous enzymes, surface charge, and hydrophobicity of various kinds of bacteria to develop various fluorescent sensors (organic small-molecule fluorescent probes, nanoprobes, and metal ion probes). We also emphasize the application of organic molecules in probe recognition elements. We hope that this review can stimulate this research area in bacterial detection and imaging in the future.
THE FAINT END OF THE CLUSTER-GALAXY LUMINOSITY FUNCTION AT HIGH REDSHIFT

We measure the faint-end slope of the galaxy luminosity function (LF) for cluster galaxies at 1 < z < 1.5 using Spitzer IRAC data. We investigate whether this slope, α, differs from that of the field LF at these redshifts, and with the cluster LF at low redshifts. The latter is of particular interest as low-luminosity galaxies are expected to undergo significant evolution. We use seven high-redshift spectroscopically confirmed galaxy clusters drawn from the IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey to measure the cluster-galaxy LF down to depths of M* + 3 (3.6 μm) and M* + 2.5 (4.5 μm). The summed LF at our median cluster redshift (z = 1.35) is well fit by a Schechter distribution with α3.6 μm = −0.97 ± 0.14 and α4.5 μm = −0.91 ± 0.28, consistent with a flat faint-end slope and is in agreement with measurements of the field LF in similar bands at these redshifts. A comparison to α in low-redshift clusters finds no statistically significant evidence of evolution. Combined with past studies which show that M* is passively evolving out to z ∼ 1.3, this means that the shape of the cluster LF is largely in place by z ∼ 1.3. This suggests that the processes that govern the buildup of the mass of low-mass cluster galaxies have no net effect on the faint-end slope of the cluster LF at z ≲ 1.3.
Evaluating Indoor Air Phthalates and Volatile Organic Compounds in Nail Salons in the Greater New York City Area: A Pilot Study

The Greater New York City area ranks highest in the United States in the number of nail salon technicians, primarily Asian immigrant women. Nail salon technicians are exposed to toxic phthalates and volatile organic compounds daily in nail salons. The purpose of this pilot study was to measure a mixture of phthalates and volatile organic compounds in nail salons in the Greater New York City area, and to characterize work-related determinants of indoor air quality in these nail salons. Working with four Asian nail salon organizations in the Greater New York City area, we measured indoor air phthalates and volatile organic compounds at 20 nail salons from February to May 2021 using silicone wristbands and passive samplers, respectively. Nail salon characteristics were also examined. We measured six phthalates and 31 volatile organic compounds. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and Diethyl phthalate had the highest concentrations among the six phthalates measured. Concentrations of toluene, d-limonene, methyl methacrylate, and ethyl methacrylate were higher than that of the rest. Manicure/pedicure tables, the number of customers per day, and application of artificial nail (acrylic) services were positively associated with the levels of phthalates and volatile organic compounds. Given the large number of people employed in the nail industry and the even larger number of customers visiting such establishments, exposures to these toxic chemicals are likely to be widespread.
A 3D-Printed DRA Shared-Aperture Array for Low Cost Millimeter-Wave Applications

In this article, a K-/Ka-band shared-aperture array with high isolation is proposed using 3D-printed dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs). The design procedure with DRAs enables flexibility while implementing shared-aperture arrays. Furthermore, DRAs as nonmetallic radiators are attractive for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications due to the absence of ohmic loss. In addition, 3D-printing technology facilitates the design of complex shapes with high-dimensional accuracy. The K- and Ka-bands DRAs are orthogonally oriented to provide improved isolation and cross-polarization level. Meanwhile, the corresponding feeding networks are implemented using the substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) and the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). Thus, further isolation improvement is provided by using two different feeding mechanisms for the K- and Ka-bands radiators. Moreover, the SICL network is shared with the SIW wall to efficiently utilize the feeding aperture. As a proof-of-concept, the 3D-printed shared DRAs are designed and fabricated. The standard printed circuit board (PCB) technology is used for the fabrication of the antenna boards. The measurement data agree with the simulations, realizing high isolation and cross-polarization level. The proposed array features low profile, ease of integration, and wideband operation, which makes it viable candidate for mm-wave applications.
Infinite density for cold atoms in shallow optical lattices

Infinite densities are non-normalizable quasi-probability distributions that can describe the long-time properties of systems when ergodicity is broken and the equilibrium Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution fails. Their experimental observation has remained elusive so far. We here perform semiclassical Monte Carlo simulations of cold atoms in dissipative optical lattices with realistic parameters. We show that the momentum infinite density, as well as its scale invariance, should be observable in shallow potentials. We further evaluate the momentum autocorrelation function both in the stationary and nonstationary, aging regime.
Collective Expansion at the LHC: selected ALICE anisotropic flow measurements

The collective expansion of matter created in collisions of heavy-ions, ranging from collision energies of tens of MeV to a few TeV per nucleon pair, proved to be one of the best probes to study the detailed properties of these unknown states of matter. Collective expansion originates from the initial pressure gradients in the created hot and dense matter. These pressure gradients transform the initial spatial deformations and inhomogeneities of the created matter into momentum anisotropies of the final state particle production, which we call anisotropic flow. These momentum anisotropies are experimentally characterised by so-called flow harmonics. In this paper I review ALICE measurements of the flow harmonics at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and discuss some of the open questions.
The Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Behaviour Towards, and Intention to Use Mobile Compilers in Learning Computer Programming

Using mobile learning in different learning institutions provides a lot of possibilities and opportunities for improving the quality of instruction delivered to every student. The concept of Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) is one of the trends which learning institutions are adopting to provide more opportunities for students to learn and collaborate. The use of mobile compilers can be adopted as a technology integrated into the teaching and learning process. This study sought to comprehend information technology students' perceptions of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) constructs, which include perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward, and intention to use mobile compilers, at a higher learning institution in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. A descriptive-correlational design was used. The findings revealed that the respondents generally accepted portable compilers in learning computer programming. A significant difference was found between males and females regarding the technology's ease. Other variables showed no significant difference. Based on the findings, recommendations were made by the researchers.
Proteomic Analysis of the Seeds of Four Wild Mexican Lupinus Species: Focus on Storage Proteins

Lupinus is a wide genus, comprising between 300 and 500 species, most of them represented in America. Mexico is a secondary distribution center with more than 100 species growing along the highlands. Due to morphological similarities, the taxonomy of wild Lupinus species is still incomplete. It is, therefore, useful to collect morphological, chemical, and molecular data for the correct differentiation of these plants. In the present work, the composition of the seed proteins of four species: Lupinus aschenbornii Schauer, Lupinus campestris Cham and Schlecht, Lupinus hintonii C.P. Smith, and Lupinus montanus Kunth were analyzed. Seeds were collected at Iztaccihuatl—Popocatepetl National Park. Both total proteins and single protein families, purified by chromatographic procedures, were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and 2D-electrophoresis and by LC-MS/MS analysis. Data were compared with those of domesticated species whose proteomes had been already described in the literature. The protein profile may be useful for species identification since they have specific characteristics in each single species.
Raman scattering of CuGeO3

Polarization and temperature dependence of Raman scattering spectra of CuGeO 3 has been measured from room temperature to 5 K. The observed phonons at room temperature are well assigned by the group theoretical estimation for Pbmm (D 5 2h ). The qualitative change for all possible Raman scattering spectra has not been found from room temperature to 14 K. The energy of the five inter-chain phonons increases with decreasing temperature. Below spin-Peierls transition temperature T sp (=14 K), five peaks at 27, 107, 230, 370, and 820 cm -1 have been observed for the ( c , c ) geometry while the peaks at 370 and 820 cm -1 appear for ( b , c ).
Energy Flux Through the Magnetopause During Flux Transfer Events in Hybrid‐Vlasov 2D Simulations

Solar wind—magnetosphere coupling drives magnetospheric dynamic phenomena by enabling energy exchange between magnetospheric and solar wind plasmas. In this study, we examine two‐dimensional noon‐midnight meridional plane simulation runs of the global hybrid‐Vlasov code Vlasiator with southward interplanetary magnetic field driving. We compute the energy flux, which consists of the Poynting flux and hydrodynamic energy flux components, through the Earth's magnetopause during flux transfer events (FTEs). The results demonstrate the spatiotemporal variations of the energy flux along the magnetopause during an FTE, associating the FTE leading (trailing) edge with an energy injection into (escape from) the magnetosphere on the dayside. Furthermore, FTEs traveling along the magnetopause transport energy to the nightside magnetosphere. We identify the tail lobes as a primary entry region for solar wind energy into the magnetosphere, consistent with results from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations and observations.
Quantifying Sub‐Meter Surface Heterogeneity on Mars Using Off‐Axis Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) Data

Surface heterogeneities below the spatial resolution of thermal infrared (TIR) instruments result in anisothermality and can produce emissivity spectra with negative slopes toward longer wavelengths. Sloped spectra arise from an incorrect assumption of either a uniform surface temperature or a maximum emissivity during the temperature‐emissivity separation of radiance data. Surface roughness and lateral mixing of different sub‐pixel surface units result in distinct spectral slopes with magnitudes proportional to the degree of temperature mixing. Routine Off‐nadir Targeted Observations (ROTO) of the Thermal Emission Imaging Spectrometer (THEMIS) are used here for the first time to investigate anisothermality below the spatial resolution of THEMIS. The southern flank of Apollinaris Mons and regions within the Medusae Fossae Formation are studied using THEMIS ROTO data acquired just after local sunset. We observe a range of sloped TIR emission spectra dependent on the magnitude of temperature differences within a THEMIS pixel. Spectral slopes and wavelength‐dependent brightness temperature differences are forward‐modeled for a series of two‐component surfaces of varying thermal inertia values. Our results imply that differing relative proportions of rocky and unconsolidated surface units are observed at each ROTO viewing geometry and suggest a local rock abundance six times greater than published results that rely on nadir data. High‐resolution visible images of these regions indicate a mixture of surface units from boulders to dunes, providing credence to the model.
Improving Re-rankCCP with Rules Quality Measures

Recommender Systems are software tools and techniques which aim at suggesting new items that may possibly be of interest to a user. Context-Aware Recommender Systems exploit contextual information to provide more adequate recommendations. In this paper we described a modification of an existing contextual post-filtering algorithm which uses rules-like user representation called Contextual Conditional Preferences. We extended the algorithm by taking into account rules quality measures while recommending items to a user. We proved that this modification increases the quality of recommendations, measured with precision, recall and nDCG, and has no impact on the execution time of the original algorithm.
An Efficient Multimodal Aggregation Network for Video-Text Retrieval

SUMMARY In video-text retrieval task, mainstream framework consists of three parts: video encoder, text encoder and similarity calculation. MMT (Multi-modal Transformer) achieves remarkable performance for this task, however, it faces the problem of insu ﬃ cient training dataset. In this paper, an e ﬃ cient multimodal aggregation network for video-text retrieval is proposed. Di ﬀ erent from the prior work using MMT to fuse video features, the NetVLAD is introduced in the proposed network. It has fewer parameters and is feasible for training with small datasets. In addition, since the function of CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) can be considered as learning language models from visual supervision, it is introduced as text encoder in the proposed network to avoid overﬁtting. Meanwhile, in order to make full use of the pre-training model, a two-step training scheme is designed. Experiments show that the proposed model achieves competitive results compared with the latest work.
Mediation of Self-Compassion on Pathways from Stress to Psychopathologies among Japanese Workers

As awareness of mental health increases worldwide, how to improve mental health has begun to be discussed in many countries. Stress is known to cause diverse physical and mental health problems, including psychopathologies. On the other hand, our previous studies identified that self-compassion, kindness and understanding towards oneself are key components for good mental health in many populations, including Japanese workers. The government reports that Japanese workers suffer from high rates of mental health problems. However, the mechanism of how self-compassion helps their mental health remains to be evaluated. Accordingly, this study aimed to elucidate how self-compassion intervenes in pathways from stress to psychopathologies, namely depression and anxiety. One hundred and sixty-five Japanese workers completed an online survey regarding self-compassion, depression, anxiety and stress. Correlation and path analyses were conducted. These four variables were significantly inter-related. While self-compassion mediated the pathway from stress to depression, it did not mediate the pathway from stress to anxiety. These exploratory insights assist in understanding the mechanism of how self-compassion improves mental health and inform effective methods to implement self-compassion interventions to the Japanese workforce.
Detecting Aortic Valve Opening and Closing from Distal Body Vibrations

Objective: Proximal and whole-body vibrations are well studied in seismocardiography and ballistocardiography, yet distal vibrations are still poorly understood. In this paper we develop two methods to measure aortic valve opening (AVO) and closing (AVC) from distal vibrations. Methods: AVO and AVC were detected for each heartbeat with accelerometers on the upper arm (A), wrist (W), and knee (K) of 22 consenting adults following isometric exercise. Exercise-induced changes were recorded with impedance cardiography, and nine-beat ensemble averaging was applied. Our first method, FilterBCG, detects peaks in distal vibrations after filtering with individually-tuned bandpass filters while RidgeBCG uses ridge regression to estimate AVO and AVC without peaks. Pseudocode is provided. Results: In agreement with recent studies, we did not find peaks at AVO and AVC in distal vibrations, and the conventional R-J interval method from the literature also correlated poorly with AVO (r2 = 0.22 A, 0.14 W, 0.12 K). Interestingly, distal vibrations filtered with FilterBCG resembled seismocardiogram signals and yielded reliable peaks at AVO (r2 = 0.95 A, 0.94 W, 0.77 K) and AVC (r2 = 0.92 A, 0.89 W, 0.68 K). Conclusion: FilterBCG measures AVO and AVC accurately from arm, wrist, and knee vibrations, and it outperforms R-J intervals and RidgeBCG. Significance: To our knowledge, this study is the first to measure AVC accurately from distal vibrations. Finally, AVO timing is needed to assess cardiovascular disease risk with pulse wave velocity (PWV) and for cuff-less diastolic blood pressure measurement via aortic pulse-transit time (PTT).
AST418 - A local trace formula for the Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture for unitary groups: the archimedean case

In this paper, we prove, following earlier work of Waldspurger ([Wa1], [Wa4]), a sort of local relative trace formula which is related to the local Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture for unitary groups over a local field $F$ of characteristic zero. As a consequence, we obtain a geometric formula for certain multiplicities $m(\pi)$ appearing in this conjecture and deduce from it a weak form of the local Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture (multiplicity one in tempered L-packets). These results were already known over $p$-adic fields and thus are only new when $F=\mathbb{R}$.
Process parameter optimization of metal additive manufacturing: a review and outlook

The selection of appropriate process parameters is crucial in metal additive manufacturing (AM) as it directly influences the defect formation and microstructure of the printed part. Over the past decade, research efforts have been devoted to identifying "optimal" processing regimes for different materials to achieve defect-free manufacturing, which mostly involve costly trial-and-error experiments and computationally expensive mechanistic simulations. Hence, it is apropos to critically review the methods used to achieve the optimal process parameters in AM. This work seeks to provide a structured analysis of current methodologies and discuss systematic approaches toward general optimization work in AM and the process parameter optimization of new AM alloys. A brief review of process-induced defects due to process parameter selection is given and the current methods for identifying "optimal processing windows" are summarized. Research works are analyzed under a standard optimization framework, including the design of experiments and characterization, modelling and optimization algorithms. The research gaps that preclude multi-objective optimization in AM are identified and future directions toward optimization work in AM are discussed. With growing capabilities in AM, we should reconsider what the definition of the "optimal processing region".