Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hu’po Anshen Decoction Accelerated Fracture-Healing in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Through Activation of PI3K/AKT Pathway

Hu’po Anshen decoction (HPASD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula comprising five herbal medicines for the treatment of concussion and fracture healing, but its pharmacological mechanism is still unclear. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS) was used to analyze the main active components of HPASD. Rats were randomly assigned to fracture group, fracture combined with traumatic brain injury (TBI) group (FBI) and FBI combined with HPASD treatment group (FBIH). Rats in the FBIH group were given oral doses of HPASD (2.4 g/kg, 4.8 g/kg and 9.6 g/kg) for 14 or 21 consecutive days. The fracture callus formation and fracture sites were determined by radiographic analysis and micron-scale computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and a three-point bending test were applied to assess histological lesions and biomechanical properties, respectively. The levels of cytokines-/protein-related to bone formation and differentiation as well as PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), or western blot assays, respectively. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based serum metabolomic analysis was also performed to investigate the therapeutic effects of HPASD in the treatment of FBI. UPLC/Q-TOF MS analysis showed the chemical components in HPASD, including flavonoids, amino acids, saponins, and phenylpropanoid constituents, etc. HPASD dose-dependently promoted callus formation, increased bone density, improved mechanical parameters and morphological scores, and facilitated the expressions of VEGF, PDGF, bFGF, VEGFA, CoL1A1, RUNX2, BMP2, and Aggrecan, inhibited the expression of MMP13, and activated PI3K/AKT pathway. Metabolomics analysis revealed abnormalities of malate-aspartate shuttle and glucose-alanine. HPASD accelerates fracture healing by promoting bone formation and regulating the malate-aspartate shuttle and glucose-alanine cycle, which might be associated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Coprophagy Prevention Decreases the Reproductive Performance and Granulosa Cell Apoptosis via Regulation of CTSB Gene in Rabbits

Coprophagy is an instinctive behavior in rabbit with important effects on growth and reproductive performance. The underlying mechanism of this effect in rabbit is unknown. Here, we used Elizabeth circle as a coprophagy preventing model in female rabbits and assess feed intake, growth, and reproductive performance. We found that preventing coprophagy did not affect feed intake but decreased body weight and weight of several organs and tissues and resulted in complete reproductive failure during the late pregnancy period, accompanied by reduced levels of plasma progesterone. RNA-seq analysis of rabbit ovarian tissues revealed that preventing coprophagy affected significantly 241 genes (DEGs), with the large majority being downregulated. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that those DEGs are mostly involved in apoptosis, immune response, and metabolic pathways. Among DEGs, the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin B (CTSB) was significantly downregulated in the coprophagy prevention group. Further studies using siRNA and adenovirus overexpression systems revealed that CTSB promotes the proliferation of rabbit granulosa cells (GCS) and prevents apoptosis. Measurement of transcripts coding for proteins related to apoptosis revealed a minor transcriptomic effect of CTSB, indicating that its effect is likely post-transcriptional. Overexpression of CTSB increased secretion of progesterone and estradiol, partly via upregulation of CYP19A1 while inhibition of CTSB decreased progesterone secretion partly via downregulation of the StAR gene. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the detrimental effect on reproduction by preventing coprophagy with a main role for this response played by CTSB on the granulosa cells of the ovary.
Recent Advances toward Wearable Sweat Monitoring Systems

Wearable biosensors are playing an increasingly important role in society. Compared with traditional wearable biosensors for detecting blood pressure, blood oxygen, or pulse conditions, which can only access information from the physical level, biosensors for testing body fluids can provide more details on health conditions through the analysis of biochemical criteria. Sweat secreted from glands distributed throughout the body contains abundant biochemical information and is an indicator of the physical conditions. Because of the noninvasive and safe sampling method, wearable sweat monitoring systems have the potential to realize long‐term and wearable detection. In this review, the current situation of wearable sweat monitoring systems is summarized from three critical parts: the sweat collection method, the sweat analysis method, and the energy supply. Finally, based on the existing drawbacks of wearable sweat monitoring systems in previous studies, the authors creatively propose droplet‐based detection, triboelectric nanogenerator‐based detection, and self‐powered systems as new directions for future research. The proposed approaches are expected to promote the commercialization process of wearable sweat monitoring systems.
Fault-Tolerant Framework for State-of-Health Prediction of Lithium Batteries

Accurately predicting the state of health (SoH) of lithium-ion batteries remains one of the top challenges, especially in uncertain environments where feature availability is not guaranteed. The main contribution of this article is to propose a highly available feature fault-tolerant prediction framework capable of predicting the SoH of batteries with a very high accuracy under sensor data unavailability. Previously published studies mitigated the feature incompleteness issue using models that deeply depend on a specific set of features; if one of the features becomes unavailable, the prediction model fails. Unlike the existing methods, the proposed feature fault-tolerant prediction framework proposes a novel agile approach so that when one of the features is missing, the model considers the next available feature to make the prediction. Our fault-tolerant prediction framework is highly available for SoH prediction and always predicts at a very high accuracy level. A hybrid deep learning model combining long short-term memory and deep neural networks along with a meticulous feature engineering design is used to train the NASA dataset and predict the SoH of batteries with a high precision. In order to prove the efficiency of the model, the feature fault-tolerant prediction framework configuration has been validated against two other datasets: Toyota Research Institute in partnership with MIT and Stanford dataset and NASA dynamic profile datasets. The performance is evaluated using the error indicators: mean absolute error, root-mean-square error, and the $R$ square.
Fake News Detection Model for Regional Language

Social media has expanded far and wide in the past few years, which has led to the ease of circulating any kind of news and posts all over the network. The work that we are pursuing currently focuses on the prevention of the circulation of large, misinformed news over the network. The different machine and deep learning techniques incorporated with certain Natural Language Processing techniques can result in achieving such good models to filter the fake news and real news apart from themselves. The social media spectrum is active in other low-resource language domains like Malayalam exactly how it prevails in other languages which currently aids in the inflation of rumors and false accusations among the masses. The main objective is to classify the incoming Malayalam contextual news and other rumors to aid humans in fast-tracking the manual verification or detection process of the news. The introduction of the classifier with an additional front-end interface to assist the people in the time of a crisis would help the crowd to a great degree with dynamic regular feeding of real-time data to the language model.
A Chikungunya Virus Multiepitope Recombinant Protein Expressed from the Binary System Insect Cell/Recombinant Baculovirus Is Useful for Laboratorial Diagnosis of Chikungunya

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus currently distributed worldwide, causing a disease that shares clinical signs and symptoms with other illnesses, such as dengue and Zika and leading to a challenging clinical differential diagnosis. In Brazil, CHIKV emerged in 2014 with the simultaneous introduction of both Asian and East/Central/South African (ECSA) genotypes. Laboratorial diagnosis of CHIKV is mainly performed by molecular and serological assays, with the latter more widely used. Although many commercial kits are available, their costs are still high for many underdeveloped and developing countries where the virus circulates. Here we described the development and evaluation of a multi-epitope recombinant protein-based IgG-ELISA (MULTREC IgG-ELISA) test for the specific detection of anti-CHIKV antibodies in clinical samples, as an alternative approach for laboratorial diagnosis. The MULTREC IgG-ELISA showed 86.36% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity, and no cross-reactivity with other exanthematic diseases was observed. The recombinant protein was expressed from the binary system insect cell/baculovirus using the crystal-forming baculoviral protein polyhedrin as a carrier of the target recombinant protein to facilitate recovery. The crystals were at least 10 times smaller in size and had an amorphous shape when compared to the polyhedrin wild-type crystal. The assay uses a multi-epitope antigen, representing two replicates of 18 amino acid sequences from the E2 region and a sequence of 17 amino acids from the nsP3 region of CHIKV. The recombinant protein was highly expressed, easy to purify and has demonstrated its usefulness in confirming chikungunya exposure, indeed showing a good potential tool for epidemiological surveillance.
Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Discharge of the Lakhmass Catchment (Northwest Tunisia)

The Mediterranean region is increasingly recognized as a climate change hotspot but is highly underrepresented in hydrological climate change studies. This study aims to investigate the climate change effects on the hydrology of Lakhmass catchment in Tunisia. Lakhmass catchment is a part of the Medium Valley of Medjerda in northwestern Tunisia that drains an area of 126 km². First, the Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning light (HBV-light) model was calibrated and validated successfully at a daily time step to simulate discharge during the 1981–1986 period. The Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency and Percent bias (NSE, PBIAS) were (0.80, +2.0%) and (0.53, −9.5%) for calibration (September 1982–August 1984) and validation (September 1984–August 1986) periods, respectively. Second, HBV-light model was considered as a predictive tool to simulate discharge in a baseline period (1981–2009) and future projections using data (precipitation and temperature) from thirteen combinations of General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Regional Climatic Models (RCMs). We used two trajectories of Representative Concentration Pathways, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, suggested by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Each RCP is divided into three projection periods: near-term (2010–2039), mid-term (2040–2069) and long-term (2070–2099). For both scenarios, a decrease in precipitation and discharge will be expected with an increase in air temperature and a reduction in precipitation with almost 5% for every +1 °C of global warming. By long-term (2070–2099) projection period, results suggested an increase in temperature with about 2.7 °C and 4 °C, and a decrease in precipitation of approximately 7.5% and 15% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. This will likely result in a reduction of discharge of 12.5% and 36.6% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. This situation calls for early climate change adaptation measures under a participatory approach, including multiple stakeholders and water users.
Deposition Offset of Printed Foam Strands in Direct Bubble Writing

Direct Bubble Writing is a recent technique to print shape-stable 3-dimensional foams from streams of liquid bubbles. These bubbles are ejected from a core-shell nozzle, deposited on the build platform placed at a distance of approximately 10 cm below the nozzle, and photo-polymerized in situ. The bubbles are ejected diagonally, with a vertical velocity component equal to the ejection velocity and a horizontal velocity component equal to the motion of the printhead. Owing to the horizontal velocity component, a discrepancy exists between the nozzle trajectory and the location of the printed strand. This discrepancy can be substantial, as for high printhead velocities (500 mm/s) an offset of 8 mm (in radius) was measured. Here, we model and measure the deviation in bubble deposition location as a function of printhead velocity. The model is experimentally validated by the printing of foam patterns including a straight line, a circle, and sharp corners. The deposition offset is compensated by tuning the print path, enabling the printing of a circular path to the design specifications and printing of sharp corners with improved accuracy. These results are an essential step towards the Direct Bubble Writing of 3-dimensional polymer foam parts with high dimensional accuracy.
Social Media Network Analysis on Twitter Users Network to the Pension Plan Policy

This article scrutinizes the network of Twitter users on the dissemination of tweets on the Old-Age Guarantee policy in Indonesia. A qualitative method with social media network analysis approach was used. Then, data sources were obtained from Twitter social media through #JHT_JokowiHarusTurun, #jaminanharitua, and #JHT. Furthermore, to manage data source, NVivo 12 plus software was used to analyze qualitative data from Twitter social media – including dissemination rate of tweets, followed by geographical map tweet stream, Twitter user’ network pattern, sentiment proportion, as well as words frequencies. Our results indicate that there are networks found from Twitter users with some account backgrounds in politicians, political parties, governments, online news media, actors and also cultural practitioners who participate in disseminating tweets. Even this network generated the significant distribution patterns and sentiments to a moderately negative value, coupled with pleasantries that are echoed between protests and support by words cloud to this movement. Overall, our research contributes to better understanding of how social media-promoted collective protest movements have the power to impact public opinion and policy and that their evolution is unexpected.
Joint Impact of Phase Error, Transceiver Hardware Impairments, and Mobile Interferers on RIS-Aided Wireless System Over κ-μ Fading Channels

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has recently emerged as a promising technology that can potentially benefit the existing wireless communication technologies in addition to being able to fulfill the more stringent requirements of beyond-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5^{th}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> generation/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6^{th}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> generation wireless networks. Motivated by the numerous benefits of RIS technology for improving the performance of wireless communication systems, in this letter, a RIS-aided wireless system is considered in which the destination node is surrounded by the mobile co-channel interferers (CCIs). Each mobile CCI follows the random waypoint (RWP) mobility pattern within a circular region centered around the destination node. Source-destination, source-RIS, RIS-destination, and each interferer-destination links follow the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\kappa - \mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> distribution. Additionally, a more realistic system model is considered that also incorporates the impact of transceiver (transmitter as well as receiver) hardware distortions. The system’s performance is evaluated by deriving novel closed-form expressions for the coverage probability (CP) and ergodic capacity (EC) based on the cumulative distribution function and probability density function (PDF) of the received signal-to-interference-plus-distortion-plus-noise ratio (SIDNR).
Photocatalytic Activity of Silicon Nanowires Decorated with PbS Nanoparticles Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition for Efficient Wastewater Treatment

The present work aims to study the photocatalytic properties of nanohybrids composed of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) decorated with PbS nanoparticles (NPs). The elaborated material was intended to be utilized in wastewater treatment. The SiNWs were elaborated from the Metal Assisted Chemical Etching route (MACE), while the PbS NPs were deposited at room temperature onto SiNWs using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The influence of decorating SiNWs (having different lengths) with PbS-NPs on their structural, morphological, optoelectronic, and photocatalytic properties was scrutinized. PbS/SiNWs nanohybrids exhibited enhanced photocatalytic degradation towards Black Amido (BA) dye for 20 µm SiNWs length and 0.2% of BA volume concentration. These optimized conditions may insinuate that this nanocomposite-like structure is a promising efficient photocatalytic systems contender, cost-effective, and recyclable for organic compound purification from wastewaters.
A Microfluidic System of Gene Transfer by Ultrasound

Ultrasonic gene transfer has advantages beyond other cell transfer techniques because ultrasound does not directly act on cells, but rather pushes the gene fragments around the cells into cells through an acoustic hole effect. Most examples reported were carried out in macro volumes with conventional ultrasonic equipment. In the present study, a MEMS focused ultrasonic transducer based on piezoelectric thin film with flexible substrate was integrated with microchannels to form a microfluidic system of gene transfer. The core part of the system is a bowl-shaped curved piezoelectric film structure that functions to focus ultrasonic waves automatically. Therefore, the low input voltage and power can obtain the sound pressure exceeding the cavitation threshold in the local area of the microchannel in order to reduce the damage to cells. The feasibility of the system is demonstrated by finite element simulation and an integrated system of MEMS ultrasonic devices and microchannels are developed to successfully carry out the ultrasonic gene transfection experiments for HeLa cells. The results show that having more ultrasonic transducers leads a higher transfection rate. The system is of great significance to the development of single-cell biochip platforms for early cancer diagnosis and assessment of cancer treatment.
The impact of mechanization on crop production in China

ABSTRACT The rapid development of mechanization has been well reported, but its impact on China’s agricultural production remains unclear. This study first uses a theoretical model to analyse the impact of mechanization on sown areas of different crops. The results show that mechanization has a positive impact on grain crops and a negative impact on non-grain crops. Then using nationally representative provincial-level panel data, the empirical analyses confirm these results. Thus, the sown areas of cotton, oil and sugar crops will be reduced by more than 20% within five years. Consequently, China is expected to depend on international markets to meet the domestic demand for cotton, oil and sugar in the future. Even though mechanization has a positive impact on the sown areas of grain crops, a reduction in the diversity of grain production poses a new threat to the stability of China’s grain production and food security.
Using SAR-data and optical data to delineate burned territories in Kalmykia, Chernye Zemli reserve

The study of fires and their consequences using remote sensing methods in the optical range is widespread. There are many studies devoted to forest fires, a little less to fires in arid areas. At the same time, even in arid regions, weather conditions do not always allow us to get a correct representation of the fire spread in a sufficiently high spatial resolution (the first tens of meters). Our study is related to the territory of Chernye Zemli reserve located in Kalmykia, Russian Federation. In this study, we are conducting an experiment on the joint use of multitemporal synthesis of vertical polarization radar data and the burn index (dNBR2) according to Landsat-8 satellite data. The use of the image segmentation approach gave good results in identifying the boundaries of the burned territories from radar data, and the use of a training sample from optical data index image made it possible to classify the selected superpixels according to the classes of “burned” or “not burned”.
Accelerating high school students’ science career trajectories through non-formal science volunteer programs

ABSTRACT Extensive research shows that non-formal science education programs effectively build and sustain long-term interest and persistence in science careers. Framed by expectancy-value theory, this study examined the academic and career outcomes of students who participated in a multi-year volunteer program at a science museum. Twenty-one participants were interviewed about their motivations for volunteering and the impact of participation on their science career trajectories. Data were coded for factors related to expectancy-value including goals, motivations, previous non-formal science experiences, and family attitudes towards science and STEM. Results showed participants of the volunteer program pursued science careers at higher rates than the national average, adding evidence to show how non-formal science education programs extend the longevity of science career interests. This study also documented a newly emergent phenomenon of acceleration of participant science career trajectories. Museum volunteer programs such as the one studied may help high school students gain knowledge and skills central to science career development earlier than is typical. The implications of this type of program for students with already established science interests and science career motivations is discussed from an equity perspective.
A novel bending fatigue test device based on self-excited vibration principle and its application to superelastic Nitinol microwire study

Most Nitinol-alloy-based biomedical devices are usually manufactured from straight drawn microwires or microbeams. Fatigue due to cyclic bending is interpreted as the primary failure mechanism in these devices. However, the bending fatigue performance of a Nitinol microwire is rarely studied because of the lack of test devices. Therefore, we firstly establish a bending fatigue test device based on the self-excited vibration principle. Then, we further improve and experimentally verify the device in three aspects to enlarge the strain amplitude: electrode distance optimization, electrode placement angle optimization and local stiffness enhancement. Based on these improvements, the strain amplitude is increased to 6%, successfully meeting the requirements of Nitinol microwire bending fatigue tests. Using the improved test device, a group of superelastic Nitinol (55.8% Ni-44.2% Ti) microwires with a diameter of 50.8 μm are tested. The test results show that the fatigue strain limit for the chosen life (1 × 106 cycles) is around 1.9%, and the inflexion appears at a strain amplitude of 2.3%. SEM observation shows the typical features of low-cycle and high-cycle fatigue on the fracture surfaces.