Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAP OF PLOWED SOILS OF RUSSIA

The paper presents the results of the of the country's plowed area assessment on the basis of the Unified State Register of Soil Resources of Russia, a digital land cover map created on the basis of MODIS satellite data, and study of plowed land areas according to the data of the Internet service Google Earth. Information on the plowing of soils is tied to the soil-geographical units. The map shows the actually plowed soils and soils under the layland. Independent verification of the plowland soil digital map of Russia showed its high enough accuracy (an error of about 8–9%). The share of all plowed soils of the Unified State Register of Soil Resources in Russia has been determined. It is found that chernozem soils predominate on the arable land of Russia, from the northernmost subtypes to the most southern ones. Somewhat unexpected is the presence in this list of meadow chernozem solonetzic and solonchak soils. The map is intended for applied analysis and accounting of soil resources at the national level.
Selecting and using faculty data management software systems

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine which software systems business school administrators use to support accreditation efforts and how administrators select and use these systems. This study also provides best practice suggestions from institutions using faculty data management systems to support accreditation efforts. Design/methodology/approach This study used a sequential explanatory design using an internet-based survey for business school administrators involved with accreditation reporting with follow-up interviews with survey respondents. Findings There are four major software vendors that most respondents use for managing reporting of faculty research activity and sufficiency. The location of the school appears to influence the system selected. For assurance of learning reporting, most schools used an in-house or manual system. Respondents highlighted the importance of doing a thorough needs analysis before selecting a system. Research limitations/implications Although respondents were geographically diverse, having a larger sample with schools in developing regions would provide greater generalizability of results. Practical implications This study gives business school leaders a comprehensive overview of the business schools’ data management systems, criteria used in system selection and best practices for system selection and implementation, faculty engagement and ongoing maintenance. Originality/value This study addresses the limited attention given to resources and best practices for selecting and implementing faculty data management software for accreditation in the academic and industry literature despite the significant investment of resources for schools and the importance such systems play in a successful accreditation effort.
Subset Sum and the Distribution of Information

: The complexity of the subset sum problem does not only depend on the lack of an exact algorithm that runs in subexponential time with the number of input values. It also critically depends on the number of bits m of the typical integer in the input: a subset sum instance of n with large m has fewer solutions than a subset sum instance with relatively small m . Empirical evidence from this study suggests that this image of complexity has a more ﬁne-grained structure. A depth-ﬁrst branch and bound algorithm deployed to the integer partition problem (a special case of subset sum) shows that for this experiment, its hardest instances reside in a region where informational bits are equally dispersed among the integers. Its easiest instances reside there too, but in regions of more eccentric informational dispersion, hardness is much less volatile among instances. The boundary between these hardness regions is given by instances in which the i th element is an integer of exactly i bits. These ﬁndings show that, for this experiment, a very clear hardness classiﬁcation can be made even on the basis of information dispersal, even for subset sum instances with identical values of n and m . The role of the ‘scale free’ region are discussed from an information theoretical perspective.
Lane and Road Marker Semantic Video Segmentation Using Mask Cropping and Optical Flow Estimation

Lane and road marker segmentation is crucial in autonomous driving, and many related methods have been proposed in this field. However, most of them are based on single-frame prediction, which causes unstable results between frames. Some semantic multi-frame segmentation methods produce error accumulation and are not fast enough. Therefore, we propose a deep learning algorithm that takes into account the continuity information of adjacent image frames, including image sequence processing and an end-to-end trainable multi-input single-output network to jointly process the segmentation of lanes and road markers. In order to emphasize the location of the target with high probability in the adjacent frames and to refine the segmentation result of the current frame, we explicitly consider the time consistency between frames, expand the segmentation region of the previous frame, and use the optical flow of the adjacent frames to reverse the past prediction, then use it as an additional input of the network in training and reasoning, thereby improving the network’s attention to the target area of the past frame. We segmented lanes and road markers on the Baidu Apolloscape lanemark segmentation dataset and CULane dataset, and present benchmarks for different networks. The experimental results show that this method accelerates the segmentation speed of video lanes and road markers by 2.5 times, increases accuracy by 1.4%, and reduces temporal consistency by only 2.2% at most.
The Role of Surfactin Production by Bacillus velezensis on Colonization, Biofilm Formation on Tomato Root and Leaf Surfaces and Subsequent Protection (ISR) against Botrytis cinerea

Many aspects regarding the role of lipopeptides (LPs) in bacterial interaction with plants are not clear yet. Of particular interest is the LP family of surfactin, immunogenic molecules involved in induced systemic resistance (ISR) and the bacterial colonization of plant surfaces. We hypothesize that the concentration of surfactin produced by a strain correlates directly with its ability to colonize and persist on different plant surfaces, which conditions its capacity to trigger ISR. We used two Bacillus velezensis strains (BBC023 and BBC047), whose antagonistic potential in vitro is practically identical, but not on plant surfaces. The surfactin production of BBC047 is 1/3 higher than that of BBC023. Population density and SEM images revealed stable biofilms of BBC047 on leaves and roots, activating ISR on both plant surfaces. Despite its lower surfactin production, strain BBC023 assembled stable biofilms on roots and activated ISR. However, on leaves only isolated, unstructured populations were observed, which could not activate ISR. Thus, the ability of a strain to effectively colonize a plant surface is not only determined through its production of surfactin. Multiple aspects, such as environmental stressors or compensation mechanisms may influence the process. Finally, the importance of surfactin lies in its impacts on biofilm formation and stable colonization, which finally enables its activity as an elicitor of ISR.
A Teamwork Tool to Support Group Work in Online-based Higher Education: Exploring User Experience and the Use of Support Mechanisms by Students

: Teamwork is often used in online and blended courses. However, numerous problems can arise within computer-supported groups. In this paper we present a tool for supporting teamwork in computer-based collaborative learning (CSCL) in higher education. The tool was implemented as a Moodle plugin and combines automatic analyses of student behavior as well as students’ self-reports on their teamwork. The tool was evaluated in two field tests by students of an online and a blended learning course. Surveys, group discussions, and log file analysis were used as evaluation methods. The teamwork tool was rated positively in terms of usability and visual aesthetics. Functions that reflect participation of group members and task deadlines turned out to be very useful for students. In general, students consented to the automatic analysis of their learning behavior. Based on the results of our studies, we derive design implications as well as suggestions for improving functionalities to support students’ teamwork online.
Long-Term Evolution of Uranium Mobility within Sulfated Mill Tailings in Arid Regions: A Reactive Transport Study

Management of mill tailings is an important part of mining operations that aims at preventing environmental dispersion of contaminants of concern. To this end, geochemical models and reactive transport modeling provide a quantitative assessment of the mobility of the main contaminants. In arid regions with limited rainfall and intense evaporation, solutes transport may significantly differ from the usual gravity-driven vertical flow. In the uranium tailings of the Cominak mine (Niger), these evaporative processes resulted in the crystallization of gypsum, and to a lesser extent jarosite, and in the formation of surface levels of sulfated gypcrete, locally enriched in uranium. We present a fully coupled reactive transport modeling approach using HYTEC, encompassing evaporation, to quantitatively reproduce the complex sequence of observed coupled hydrogeochemical processes. The sulfated gypcrete formation, porosity evolution and solid uranium content were successfully reproduced at the surface and paleosurfaces of the tailing deposit. Simulations confirm that high solubility uranyl-sulfate phase may form at the atmospheric boundary where evaporation takes place, which would then be transformed into uranyl-phosphate phases after being watered or buried under fresh tailings. As these phases usually exhibit a lower solubility, this transition is beneficial for mine operators and tailings management.
Use of Recovered Struvite and Ammonium Nitrate in Fertigation in Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) Production for Boosting Circular and Sustainable Horticulture

Struvite and ammonium nitrate are products obtained from widely studied processes to remove phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) from waste streams. To boost circularity in horticulture, these recovered products should be applied to edible crops. Particularly, struvite has not been implemented in fertigation as the unique source of P fertilizer. Therefore, a soilless system greenhouse experiment was conducted for tomato crops during two growing seasons. This study aims to compare the agronomic and environmental effectiveness of recovered products used in a nutrient solution for fertigation (NS) to synthetic fertilizer treatment. Moreover, two different N concentrations of the NS were tested to evaluate the impact on the N-leaching. Additionally, struvite dissolution tests were performed to ensure its solubility. Satisfactory results of struvite solubilization were obtained. Results show that both nutrient-recovered products can be used as fertilizers in NS, due to their non-statistical significance in total yield production and fruit quality. However, ammonium nitrate treatment, depending on the crop variety, showed a lower marketable yield. Moreover, the variation on N concentration input exhibited leachate concentration differences, with N leached percentage values from 36 to 13%. These results give deeper insights into the future potential utilization of nutrient-recovered products and technical data to optimize fertigation strategies.
Multiobjective Evolutionary Computation for Market Segmentation

: The market segmentation, by its computational essence, is a NP-hard multicriteria problem. Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms are developed to optimize multiple objectives simultaneously and can generate a set of Pareto optimal solutions. As a proven meta-heuristic technique, multiobjective evolutionary computation is robust in handling different data types, various business constraints and different objective function forms. The generated Pareto optimal solution set gives a holistic view of possible solutions that bring business insights and allow big flexibility in solution selection. These features make the multiobjective evolution computation a good fit for market segmentation problems. There are challenges in every phase in implementation of multiobjective evolutionary computation for market segmentation.
Project of autonomous workstation feeding fledging birds

The article describes project of autonomous workstation capable of feeding fledging birds. During the breeding season animal rescue centers are experiencing huge overload of patients and up to 20% of patients are birds. Despite small size they demand as much care as other animals ? in case of fledging birds main need is frequent feeding which is impossible to cover by working staff. Designed workstation is meant to solve this problem and decrease mortality of sick or immature animals.
Nanoparticles for Targeted Brain Drug Delivery: What Do We Know?

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a barrier that separates the blood from the brain tissue and possesses unique characteristics that make the delivery of drugs to the brain a great challenge. To achieve this purpose, it is necessary to design strategies to allow BBB passage, in order to reach the brain and target the desired anatomic region. The use of nanomedicine has great potential to overcome this problem, since one can modify nanoparticles with strategic molecules that can interact with the BBB and induce uptake through the brain endothelial cells and consequently reach the brain tissue. This review addresses the potential of nanomedicines to treat neurological diseases by using nanoparticles specially developed to cross the BBB.
Dynamic Electric Dispatch for Wind Power Plants: A New Automatic Controller System Using Evolutionary Algorithms

In this paper, we use an evolutionary swarm intelligence approach to build an automatic electric dispatch controller for an offshore wind power plant (WPP). The optimal power flow (OPF) problem for this WPP is solved by the Canonical Differential Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (C-DEEPSO). In this paper, C-DEEPSO works as a control system for reactive sources in energy production. The control operation takes place in a daily energy dispatch, scheduled into 15 min intervals and resulting in 96 operating test scenarios. As the nature of the optimization problem is dynamic, a fine-tuning of the initialization parameters of the optimization algorithm is performed at each dispatch interval. Therefore, a version of the C-DEEPSO algorithm has been built to automatically learn the best set of initialization parameters for each scenario. For this, we have coupled C-DEEPSO with the irace tool (an extension of the iterated F-race (I/F-Race)) by using inferential statistic techniques. The experiments carried out showed that the methodology employed here is robust and able to tackle this OPF-like modeling. Moreover, the methodology works as an automatic control system for a dynamic schedule operation.
Pratiques de protection des cultures en agroécosystèmes tropicaux et risques de maladies humaines et animales d’origine bactérienne

Une revue bibliographique récente montre que les pratiques de protection agroécologique des cultures (PAEC) contre les ravageurs, pathogènes et adventices, réduisent généralement les risques zoonotiques viraux en santé publique et vétérinaire, alors que les pratiques conventionnelles (à base agrochimique) tendent à les augmenter. Nous avons analysé la littérature scientifique pour déterminer si ces conclusions pouvaient être élargies aux infections bactériennes, avec focus sur les agroécosystèmes tropicaux. En santé publique et vétérinaire, les principales infections bactériennes impactées par des pratiques de protection des cultures sont celles ayant pour réservoirs des rongeurs (avec arthropodes vecteurs, comme la peste, ou pas, comme la leptospirose), et les maladies à entérobactéries (e.g., Salmonella) et autres bactéries opportunistes (e.g., Pseudomonas). La problématique d’antibiorésistance en santé publique est peu affectée par les pratiques de protection des cultures conventionnelles. Des pratiques relevant de la substitution aux intrants de synthèse (variétés résistantes aux attaques de rongeurs ou à la colonisation par des entérobactéries ; pesticides minéraux; solarisation) peuvent se traduire par une réduction plus importante du risque sanitaire que certaines pratiques relevant de la reconception des agroécosystèmes (push-pull ; intégration agriculture-élevage). Toutefois, vu ses effets vertueux en termes de réduction des pollutions, conservation de la biodiversité et résilience climatique, la PAEC, basée sur la reconception, contribue, à des échelles spatiotemporelles supérieures, à la réduction du risque sanitaire lié aux infections bactériennes. Les impacts des pratiques de protection des cultures, basées sur l’amélioration de l’efficience des pratiques conventionnelles, sur la substitution ou sur la reconception, sur les risques d’infection bactérienne en santé publique et vétérinaire, sont sensiblement différents de ceux observés avec les risques zoonotiques viraux. Des recherches sont encore nécessaires pour concilier, dans une perspective « Une seule santé », les trois types de pratiques, afin de réduire les risques sanitaires liés aux maladies infectieuses autant à bactéries qu’à virus, parasites (protozoaires et vers) ou champignons.
Functional Interplay between P5 and PDI/ERp72 to Drive Protein Folding

Simple Summary The physiological functions of proteins are destined by their unique three-dimensional structures. Almost all biological kingdoms share conserved disulfide-catalysts and chaperone networks that assist in correct protein folding and prevent aggregation. Disruption of these networks is implicated in pathogenesis, including neurodegenerative disease. In the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum (ER), more than 20 members of the protein disulfide isomerase family (PDIs) are believed to cooperate in the client folding pathway, but it remains unclear whether complex formation among PDIs via non-covalent interaction is involved in regulating their enzymatic and chaperone functions. Herein, we report novel functional hetero complexes between PDIs that promote oxidative folding and inhibit aggregation along client folding. The findings provide insight into the physiological significance of disulfide-catalyst and chaperone networks and clues for understanding pathogenesis associated with disruption of the networks. Abstract P5 is one of protein disulfide isomerase family proteins (PDIs) involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein quality control that assists oxidative folding, inhibits protein aggregation, and regulates the unfolded protein response. P5 reportedly interacts with other PDIs via intermolecular disulfide bonds in cultured cells, but it remains unclear whether complex formation between P5 and other PDIs is involved in regulating enzymatic and chaperone functions. Herein, we established the far-western blot method to detect non-covalent interactions between P5 and other PDIs and found that PDI and ERp72 are partner proteins of P5. The enzymatic activity of P5-mediated oxidative folding is up-regulated by PDI, while the chaperone activity of P5 is stimulated by ERp72. These findings shed light on the mechanism by which the complex formations among PDIs drive to synergistically accelerate protein folding and prevents aggregation. This knowledge has implications for understanding misfolding-related pathology.
ACTN2 Mutant Causes Proteopathy in Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Genetic variants in α-actinin-2 (ACTN2) are associated with several forms of (cardio)myopathy. We previously reported a heterozygous missense (c.740C>T) ACTN2 gene variant, associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and characterized by an electro-mechanical phenotype in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Here, we created with CRISPR/Cas9 genetic tools two heterozygous functional knock-out hiPSC lines with a second wild-type (ACTN2wt) and missense ACTN2 (ACTN2mut) allele, respectively. We evaluated their impact on cardiomyocyte structure and function, using a combination of different technologies, including immunofluorescence and live cell imaging, RNA-seq, and mass spectrometry. This study showed that ACTN2mut present a higher percentage of multinucleation, protein aggregation, hypertrophy, myofibrillar disarray and activation of both the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosomal pathway as compared to ACTN2wt in 2D-cultured hiPSC-CMs. Furthermore, the expression of ACTN2mut was associated with a marked reduction of sarcomere-associated protein levels in 2D-cultured hiPSC-CMs and force impairment in engineered heart tissues. In conclusion, our study highlights the activation of proteolytic systems in ACTN2mut hiPSC-CMs likely to cope with ACTN2 aggregation and therefore directs towards proteopathy as an additional cellular pathology caused by this ACTN2 variant, which may contribute to human ACTN2-associated cardiomyopathies.
Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition of compressor tip leakage flow

To identify the spatiotemporal coherent structure of compressor tip leakage flow, spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) is performed on the near-tip flow field and the blade surface pressure of a low-speed compressor rotor. The data used for the SPOD analysis are obtained by delayed-detached eddy simulation, which is validated against the experimental data. The investigated rotor near-tip flow field is governed by two tip leakage vortices (TLV), and the near-tip compressor passage can be divided into four zones: the formation of main TLV (Zone I), the main TLV breakdown (Zone II), the formation of tip blockage cell (Zone III), and the formation of secondary TLV (Zone IV). Modal analysis from SPOD shows that a major part of total disturbance energy comes from the main TLV oscillating mode in Zone I and the main TLV vortex shedding mode in Zone III, both of which are low-frequency and low-rank; on the contrary, modal components in Zones II and IV are broadband and non-low-rank. Unsteady blade forces are mainly generated by the impingement of the main TLV on the blade pressure surface in Zone III, rather than the detachment of the secondary TLV from the blade suction surface in Zone IV. These identified coherent structures provide valuable knowledge for the aerodynamic/aeroelastic effects, turbulence modeling, and reduced-order modeling of compressor tip leakage flow.
Appetite for Disruption: Designing Human-Centred Augmentations to an Online Food Ordering Platform

Online food ordering platforms have changed how many of us purchase takeaway food. They have centralised and streamlined access, providing an opportunity for population-level dietary impact. However, they are currently not human-centred: typically providing limited functionality in support of users' values and dietary considerations; and focused on the provision of food that is broadly characterised as unhealthy. In this paper we explore a redesign of portions of Just Eat , an online takeaway food aggregator, building upon theoretical perspectives from public health. We conducted workshops in 2018 and 2019 to identify user behaviours and motivations then designed a human-centric web augmentation template that could disrupt platform provider behaviours and increase functionality to support users' desires and well-being. We provide a template for lightweight end-user appropriations of food ordering platforms that would enable researchers to explore how health information features could improve individual health and satisfaction, and design guidance for disruptively augmenting existing food ordering platforms (or designing new ones) to enable transparency, personalisation, and self-monitoring to empower users and improve their well-being.