Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Haptisches Assistenzsystem für diagnostische und therapeutische Katheterisierungen

Ausgehend von einer Analyse der haptischen Wahrnehmung, Klassifizierung der Begrifflichkeiten und der Identifikation des medizinischen Umfeldes sowie der dort bereits experimentell getesteten und etablierten Assistenzsysteme wird in der Arbeit die Aufgabe formuliert, ein Assistenzsystem fur Katheterisierungen zu entwickeln, das Krafte an der Spitze eines Fuhrungsdrahtes bzw. Katheters von 0,33 mm Durchmesser messen kann und diese Krafte dem behandelnden Arzt durch eine Aktoreinheit am Fuhrungsdraht bzw. Katheter haptisch darstellt. Das Assistenzsystem ist dabei eine elektromechanische Einheit bestehend aus Aktorik, Kraftsensorik und Regelkreis. Als Resultat der Akquise von DFG Forschungsgeldern durch den Bearbeiter und die damit verbundene Aufteilung der Gesamtentwicklung in drei unabhangige Arbeiten wird in diesem Dokument ein Schwerpunkt auf die Strukturierung und Systematisierung der Aufgabenstellung sowie der Analyse der Gefase als zukunftiges Einsatzgebiet der Sensorik gelegt. Weiterhin werden die Anforderungen an die Aktoreinheit betrachtet. Um die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Nutzers zu quantifizieren wird die Theorie der ForceImpression (FIP) formuliert, welche einen allgemeingultigen Zugang zur Analyse haptischer Systeme ermoglicht. Die Anwendung der Methode geht weit uber die fur das Assistenzsystem notwendige Betrachtung hinaus. Neben den Anforderungsermittlungen wird weiterhin fur alle technischen Teilprobleme ein erster Entwurf durchgefuhrt, aufgebaut und analysiert. Hierbei liegt der Schwerpunkt auf optischer Kraftsensorik sowie fur diese haptische Applikationen optimierte Aktorik auf Basis elektronisch kommutierter Antriebe. Die Arbeit schliest mit einem Ausblick zu allen behandelten Punkten und einer Uberleitung zu den anschliesenden Arbeiten.
Accuracy of Gadofosveset-enhanced MRI for Nodal Staging and Restaging in Rectal Cancer

Objective:To prospectively assess the accuracy of gadofosveset-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for nodal staging and restaging in rectal cancer. Background:Accurate preoperative assessment of nodal disease in rectal cancer impacts treatment management. Staging with modern imaging techniques (computed tomography, MRI and endorectal ultrasound) is insufficiently accurate for clinical decision making. This study aims to assess the accuracy of MRI using a novel lymph node magnetic resonance contrast, gadofosveset, for nodal staging and restaging in rectal cancer using a per node comparison with histology as the reference standard. Methods:Sixty-eight patients underwent gadofosveset-enhanced MRI at 1.5T. Twenty-six patients (primary staging group I) were treated with total mesorectal excision (with or without preoperative 5 × 5 Gy) and 42 (restaging group II) underwent a long course of chemoradiation followed by a restaging MRI and resection. Nodes were scored as benign or malignant by 2 radiologists (experienced and junior reader) first on standard MRI, then on gadofosveset-enhanced MRI. For group I the primary staging MRI was compared with histology. In group II the second, restaging MRI was compared with histology. Results:For the experienced reader, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC-curve (AUC) improved from 76%, 82% and 0.84 on standard MRI to 80%, 97% and 0.96 on gadofosveset-MRI (P < 0.001). For the junior reader results improved from 69%, 85%, and 0.85 on standard MRI to 70%, 95%, and 0.93 on gadofosveset-MRI (P = 0.03). Interobserver agreement was good on both standard MRI (&kgr; 0.73) and gadofosveset-MRI (&kgr; 0.71). Conclusions:This study shows high reproducibility and significantly improved accuracy compared to standard MRI for gadofosveset-enhanced MRI for nodal staging and restaging in rectal cancer.
Virtual reality websites(VR WEB)

Virtual reality or virtual realities[1] (VR), also known as immersive multimedia or computer-simulated reality, is a computer technology that replicates an environment, real or imagined, and simulates a user's physical presence and environment to allow for user interaction. This paper aims to bring to the foreground, advancements in the field of Virtual Reality in the domain of web development, for building virtual reality enabled templates which can be used to create Software as a service (SaaS). Consumers can utilize these templates and create their own virtual reality based webpage. Our system will be implemented using WebVR, a language that can access the gyroscope sensor present in smartphones to calculate the coordinates of the phone with respect to the surroundings. It combines HTML and JavaScript like functions to provide a strong set of tools for creating VR enabled websites.
Perfectionism and eating behaviour in Portuguese adolescents.

OBJECTIVES The main objective was to investigate the association between perfectionism and eating behaviour in a non-clinical sample of adolescents of both genders. METHOD 997 middle and high school students completed the Portuguese versions of the child-adolescent perfectionism scale (CAPS) and of the eating attitudes test -25 (EAT-25). RESULTS In both genders, the perfectionism total score and the sociallyprescribed perfectionism (SPP) score were positive and significantly correlated with the EAT total score and with all EAT dimensions: Drive for Thinness (DT), Bulimic Related Behaviour (BRB), Social Pressure to Eat (SPE). In girls, self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) was also associated with the EAT total score and its dimensions, whereas in boys it was only associated with EAT total score and DT. In both genders SPP was a useful predictor of the EAT-25 total score and of all its dimensions. In which respects SOP, there were some gender differences showing that in boys this dimension should not be considered a predictor of eating behaviours. CONCLUSION These results confirm that high levels of perfectionism (SOP and SPP) are associated with abnormal eating behaviour in both genders.
Validation and Application of Models to Predict Facemask Influenza Contamination in Healthcare Settings

Facemasks are part of the hierarchy of interventions used to reduce the transmission of respiratory pathogens by providing a barrier. Two types of facemasks used by healthcare workers are N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) and surgical masks (SMs). These can become contaminated with respiratory pathogens during use, thus serving as potential sources for transmission. However, because of the lack of field studies, the hazard associated with pathogen‐exposed facemasks is unknown. A mathematical model was used to calculate the potential influenza contamination of facemasks from aerosol sources in various exposure scenarios. The aerosol model was validated with data from previous laboratory studies using facemasks mounted on headforms in a simulated healthcare room. The model was then used to estimate facemask contamination levels in three scenarios generated with input parameters from the literature. A second model estimated facemask contamination from a cough. It was determined that contamination levels from a single cough (≈19 viruses) were much less than likely levels from aerosols (4,473 viruses on FFRs and 3,476 viruses on SMs). For aerosol contamination, a range of input values from the literature resulted in wide variation in estimated facemask contamination levels (13–202,549 viruses), depending on the values selected. Overall, these models and estimates for facemask contamination levels can be used to inform infection control practice and research related to the development of better facemasks, to characterize airborne contamination levels, and to assist in assessment of risk from reaerosolization and fomite transfer because of handling and reuse of contaminated facemasks.
Steady-motion-based Dopplerlet transform: application to the estimation of range and speed of a moving sound source

New results on the recently introduced steady-motion-based Dopplerlet transform is presented and an estimation scheme for both range and speed of moving sound source using Dopplerlet transform is considered. First, we derive the real, discrete, and real discrete Dopplerlet transforms from their complex counterpart. Second, we reformulate some of the existing integral transformations within the framework of the Dopplerlet transform. Finally, we provide the application results. Experimental results with real underwater acoustic data and land acoustic data, as well as Monte Carlo simulation results with computer-generated data, have confirmed the veracity and practical usefulness of the estimation scheme advocated.
Integrator structure for reducing drift voltage influence

This paper aims to design a high precision, low drift analog integrator, The method used is to use integral resistance to control the drift generated by the integrator. The main idea is to use the best circuit structure to minimize the zero drift and non-linear error, and select the high-precision components, As far as possible to use a large integral resistance, The op amp has a large open-loop gain and high input impedance and good high frequency characteristics as much as possible, high input impedance frequency integrated circuit, the integral circuit in the non-inverting input access adjustable balance resistor, and the use of two integrators for the poor structure. Finally, the results was summarized and the Cadence simulation is carried out.
The effects of prolonged exercise on spinally injured subjects.

The effects of prolonged exercise on paraplegics have not been reported. Seven male paraplegic subjects with spinal lesions from T4 - T12 - L1 underwent an incremental wheelchair treadmill test to exhaustion. Heart rate (HR), VO2max, and VESTPD were recorded and calculated. One week later, subjects exercised in their wheelchairs at approximately 50% (mean = 52 +/- 2%) of VO2max for 60 min on a motorized treadmill. Approximately 10 ml venous blood was withdrawn both 10 min and immediately prior to the prolonged exercise, at 20, 40, and 60 min of the exercise period, and at 10 min post-exercise. Venous blood was analyzed for glucose, hemoglobin, lactate, Na+, K+, Cl-, and plasma protein. Hematocrit was recorded and plasma volume changes calculated VO2, VE, and HR were recorded at 17, 37, and 57 min of the prolonged exercise. The mean VO2max was 29.5 +/- 2.7 ml.kg-1.min-1, with a mean max VESTPD and HR of 61.86 +/- 4.98 1.min-1 and 174 +/- 4 b.min-1, respectively. The changes in VO2 and VE during the prolonged wheelchair exercise were not significant. Significant changes occurred in venous lactate and plasma glucose concentrations during prolonged wheelchair exercise. Plasma volume changes were similar to those seen in able-bodied subjects. A notable finding was the pre-exercise hemodilution. Present data indicate that paraplegics can exercise at approximately 50% VO2 for 60 min, producing responses similar to those in able-bodied subjects.
LRRC4 inhibits glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis by downregulating pleiotropic cytokine expression and responses

Leucine‐rich repeat C4 (LRRC4) has been shown to inhibit glioma cell proliferation, however, little is known about the mechanism(s) underlying the action of LRRC4. Here, we show that two glioblstoma U251 cell clones stably expressing LRRC4 were established. LRRC4 expression significantly inhibited the expression of some cytokines and their receptors determined by microarray and Western blot assays, and dramatically reduced cytokine‐induced AP‐1, NF‐kB, and CyclinD1 activation in glioma cells. Furthermore, LRRC4 expression in glioma cells significantly downregulated spontaneous and cytokine‐induced expression of K‐RAS and phosphorylation of c‐Raf, ERK, AKT, NF‐kBp65, p70S6K, and PKC, suggesting that LRRC4 inhibited receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling pathways. Moreover, treatment with bFGF, IGF1, or IGF2 stimulated LRRC4−/−, but not the LRRC4+, glioma cell proliferation, indicating that LRRC4 mitigated cytokine‐stimulated proliferation in glioma cells. In addition, treatment of LRRC4−/− glioma cells with EGF, IGF2, or PDGF promoted long distance mobilization, but induced little migration in LRRC4+ glioma cells, suggesting that LRRC4 retarded cytokine‐promoted glioma cell migration in vitro. Finally, human vessel endothelial cells (ECV304) treated with VEGF grew, aligned and formed hollow tube‐like structures in vitro. In contrast, LRRC4+ ECV304 treated with VEGF failed to form vessel‐tube structures. Collectively, LRRC4 expression inhibited the expression of some growth factors, cytokines and their receptors, and the capacity of glioma cells responding to cytokine stimulation, leading to inhibition of glioma cell proliferation. Conceivably, induction of LRRC4 expression may provide new intervention for human glioma in the clinic. J. Cell. Physiol. 214:65–74, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Geometrical layout and optics modelling of the surface science beamline station at the SESAME synchrotron radiation facility

Copyright c © International Union of Crystallography Author(s) of this paper may load this reprint on their own web site or institutional repository provided that this cover page is retained. Republication of this article or its storage in electronic databases other than as specified above is not permitted without prior permission in writing from the IUCr. For further information see http://journals.iucr. org/services/authorrights.html
Edinburgh Explorer TGF-beta induces apoptosis in human B cells by transcriptional regulation of BIK and BCL-XL

TGF- β potently induces apoptosis in Burkitt’s Lymphoma (BL) cell lines and in explanted primary human B lymphocytes. The physiological relevance and mechanism of TGF- β -mediated apoptosis induction in these cells remains to be determined. Here we demonstrate the requirement for TGF- β -mediated regulation of BIK and BCL-X L to activate an intrinsic apoptotic pathway in centroblastic BL cells. TGF- β directly induced transcription of BIK and a consensus Smad binding element identified in the BIK promoter recruits TGF- β -activated Smad transcription factor complexes in vivo. TGF- β also transcriptionally repressed expression of the apoptosis inhibitor BCL-X L . Inhibition of BCL-X L sensitised BL cells to TGF- β -induced apoptosis while overexpression of BCL-X L or suppression of BIK by shRNA, diminished TGF- β -induced apoptosis. BIK and BCL-X L were also identified as TGF- β target genes in purified normal human centroblast B cells and immunohistochemical analyses of tonsil tissue revealed widespread TGF- β receptor-regulated Smad activation and a focal pattern of BIK expression. Furthermore, using a selective inhibitor of the TGF- β receptor we provide evidence that autocrine TGF- β signaling through ALK5 contributes to the default apoptotic program in normal human centroblasts undergoing spontaneous apoptosis. Our data suggests that TGF- β may act as a physiological mediator of human germinal centre homeostasis via regulation of BIK and BCL-X L .
Identifying the Conditions under Which Online Reviews Translate into Product Sales: A Sentiment Analysis Approach

Number of available online consumer reviews has increased dramatically. This research-in-progress study draws on Cue-Summation and Communication Persuasion theories to define and validate the online review positiveness as a multidimensional formative index and conduct a sentiment analysis, using secondary data from Amazon.com, to identify the conditions under which online reviews translate into product sales. Particularly, this study focus on the role of product involvement, review time, product price, and review score inconsistency on the impact of online review positiveness on product sales. Potential contributions to theory and practice are also discussed.
The Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders in Older Adults

Are neurological disorders overdiagnosed in older adults? Previous reports suggest that age bias may lead to diagnostic inaccuracies for older adult clients. In the present study, the average test scores for community-dwelling 38-year-old and 74-year-old individuals were presented as the results for a 38-year-old client and a 74-year-old client, respectively. Neuropsychologists did not make diagnoses of neurological disorder or dementia for either of the clients. The results from this study indicate that age bias is not as serious a problem among neuropsychologists as many psychologists once believed.
Treating depression in predominantly low-income young minority women: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT Impoverished minority women experience a higher burden from depression than do white women because they are less likely to receive appropriate care. Little is known about the effectiveness of guideline-based care for depression with impoverished minority women, most of whom do not seek care. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of an intervention to deliver guideline-based care for depression compared with referral to community care with low-income and minority women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A randomized controlled trial conducted in the Washington, DC, suburban area from March 1997 through May 2002 of 267 women with current major depression, who attended county-run Women, Infants, and Children food subsidy programs and Title X family planning clinics. Outcomes Hamilton Depression Rating Scale measured monthly from baseline through 6 months; instrumental role functioning (Social Adjustment Scale) and social functioning (Short Form 36-Item Health Survey) measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomly assigned to an antidepressant medication intervention (trial of paroxetine switched to buproprion, if lack of response) (n = 88), a psychotherapy intervention (8 weeks of manual-guided cognitive behavior therapy) (n = 90), or referral to community mental health services (n = 89). RESULTS Both the medication intervention (P<.001) and the psychotherapy intervention (P =.006) reduced depressive symptoms more than the community referral did. The medication intervention also resulted in improved instrumental role (P =.006) and social (P =.001) functioning. The psychotherapy intervention resulted in improved social functioning (P =.02). Women randomly assigned to receive medications were twice as likely (odds ratio, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-4.27; P =.057) to achieve a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score of 7 or less by month 6 as were those referred to community care. CONCLUSIONS Guideline-concordant care for major depression is effective for these ethnically diverse and impoverished patients. More women engaged in a sufficient duration of treatment with medications compared with psychotherapy, and outcome gains were more extensive and robust for medications.
Changes in Neuropsychological Test Performance Over the Workday in Multiple Sclerosis

Fatigue, a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), is associated with impairment in performing daily activities, poor quality of life and premature retirement from the workforce. There is little doubt that patients with MS can exhibit marked weakness and other objective signs of physical fatigue, but whether cognitive performance by patients declines more rapidly than that by controls as a function of time engaged in mental activity remains controversial. Krupp and Elkins (2000) reported more rapid deterioration of performance by MS patients on two of five cognitive measures when subjects performed 3 hr of continuously effortful tasks between baseline and posttest. Others, using shorter and less taxing interpolated tasks found similar changes in performance over time for patients and controls. In the present study participants completed a timed walk, fatigue ratings and four cognitive tests that emphasized processing novel information before they went to work and again after completing a normal workday. Patients with MS walked somewhat more slowly and performed more poorly on two of the cognitive tests, but they did not show more decline from baseline to posttest on any of these objective measures of cognitive fatigue. By contrast, subjective ratings of fatigue showed a greater increase over the day for patients than for controls. These results confirm other reports that patients’ subjective ratings of their fatigue are not valid indicators of their actual performance on cognitive tests. Furthermore, laboratory studies that report “objective” cognitive fatigue in MS may utilize conditions that model the cognitive fatigue associated with the jobs patients actually perform rather poorly.
Assessment of Influence of Impedance Mismatch in ULSI Devices on Electromigration of Copper Interconnection Lines

In this work, the impact of impedance mismatch between on-die CMOS drivers and driven transmission lines on electromigration (EM) and Joule-heating failure mechanisms has been qualitatively studied. Signals corrupted by the impedance mismatch were experimentally measured within a 45-nm CMOS technology ULSI test chip. The signals' current waveforms were obtained using a SPICE simulator. These voltage and current waveforms have been taken as a basis for our calculations. The results reveal that distortions of current shape, which are caused by the mismatched output impedance of a CMOS driver, lead to substantial aggravation of the EM and Joule heating in a driven line. Furthermore, it was found that the impedance mismatch causes serious modifications of current shape of a CMOS inverter connected to the far end of the line. This in turn aggravates both EM and Joule heating in the next-stage line that loads this CMOS inverter.
Organisations as epistemic cultures

Management theory and practice nowadays accepts unquestioningly that knowledge is an important resource for the success of an organisation. However, I claim that we still know very little about the processes surrounding the creation of knowledge inside organisations, and what we know is normally a model-like description of a process that does not resemble the chaotic, ambiguous reality experience by organisations. In an effort to fill this gap, I conducted a year -long ethnography inside an incubator, concentrating on three companies. As a first description of my data, I draw attention to three interesting phenomena, which run counter the conventional wisdom painted in the literature. First, organisational members are concerned with codifying know-how much more than know-what. Second, the social relationships inside management teams allow for very different dynamics, depending on the type of knowledge created. Third, companies devote a long time to the initial planning phase, suggesting that business plans may have a role even in high velocity, turbulent environments like the ones surrounding the net bubble. Tentative explanations are provided for the three phenomena, as well as implications and conclusions.
Isotope techniques for studying the dynamics of nitrogen metabolism in ruminants

curve is not a true indication of tracee kinetics in the organ, a correction can be made to the tracer decay curve to force it through a zero-time intercept compatible with the fluid volume (which is estimated from the volume of distribution of 51Cr EDTA) ; it is assumed that 15N and tracee N are distributed in the same volume of 51Cr EDTA; equations I, 2, 3 and 4 can then be applied to the corrected curve; (d) estimates of the time of transit of digesta through segments of the gut can be made from the time of appearance of "Cr EDTA; these are useful in defining the lag components in the model and explaining the complcx nature of the curves describing isotope appearance in some secondary pools.