Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A spinning construction for virtual 1-knots and 2-knots, and the fiberwise and welded equivalence of virtual 1-knots

Spun-knots (respectively, spinning tori) in [Formula: see text] made from classical 1-knots compose an important class of 2-knots (respectively, embedded tori) contained in [Formula: see text]. Virtual 1-knots are generalizations of classical 1-knots. We generalize these constructions to the virtual 1-knot case by using what we call, in this paper, the spinning construction of submanifolds. The construction proceeds as follows: For a virtual 1-knot [Formula: see text], take an embedded circle [Formula: see text] contained in (a closed oriented surface [Formula: see text])×(a closed interval [Formula: see text]), where [Formula: see text] is called a representing surface in virtual 1-knot theory. Embed [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] by an embedding map [Formula: see text], and let [Formula: see text] stand for [Formula: see text] Regard the tubular neighborhood of [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] as the result of rotating [Formula: see text] around [Formula: see text]. Rotate [Formula: see text] together then with [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text], we obtain an embedded torus [Formula: see text]. We prove the following: The embedding type [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] depends only on [Formula: see text], and does not depend on [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, the submanifolds, [Formula: see text] and “the embedded torus made from [Formula: see text] by using Satoh’s method”, of [Formula: see text] are isotopic. Fiberwise equivalence of diagrams refers to fiberwise equivalence of tori in 4-space that lie over the diagrams. We prove that two virtual 1-knot diagrams [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are fiberwise equivalent if and only if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are rotational welded equivalent (see the body of the paper for this definition). We generalize the construction in the virtual 1-knot case written in the first paragraph, and we also succeed to make a consistent construction of one-dimensional-higher submanifolds from any virtual two-dimensional knot. Note that Satoh’s method says nothing about the virtual 2-knot case. Rourke’s interpretation of Satoh’s method is that one puts “fiber-circles” on each point of each virtual 1-knot diagram. If there is no virtual branch point in a virtual 2-knot diagram, our way gives such fiber-circles to each point of the virtual 2-knot diagram. Furthermore we prove the following: If a virtual 2-knot diagram [Formula: see text] has a virtual branch point, [Formula: see text] cannot be covered by such fiber-circles. Hence Rourke’s method cannot be generalized to the virtual 2-knot case. Only the spinning construction introduced in this paper works for now.
Deep Learning Approaches for Online Speaker Diarization

Speaker diarization solves the problem of “who spoke when? ”. It is a difficult task, especially in the online setting, where speaker identities and the number of speakers are not known. We explore this task using multiple approaches, including temporal classification, speaker change detection, and speaker embedding generation, primarily focusing these approaches on neural architectures.
The frog model on trees with drift

We provide a uniform upper bound on the minimal drift so that the one-per-site frog model on a $d$-ary tree is recurrent. To do this, we introduce a subprocess that couples across trees with different degrees. Finding couplings for frog models on nested sequences of graphs is known to be difficult. The upper bound comes from combining the coupling with a new, simpler proof that the frog model on a binary tree is recurrent when the drift is sufficiently strong. Additionally, we describe a coupling between frog models on trees for which the degree of the smaller tree divides that of the larger one. This implies that the critical drift has a limit as $d$ tends to infinity along certain subsequences.
Optimisation of fuel treatments at landscape level in NW Spain

In the current framework of forest fires incidence, climate change and forest management budget constraints, fuel treatment activities should be located in strategically areas to meet a set of prevention, economic and ecological criteria. Characterizing potential forest fire behavior is critical to develop effective fuel treatment plans in order to reduce the negative impacts of wildfires. This study was carried out in the District XIX Caldás – Salnés (Pontevedra, Spain) with 132004 ha, an area with high occurrence of wildfires. Fire behavior characteristics at landscape level were obtained with Flammap fire modeling software using as inputs spatially explicit data. This software requires as inputs weather, terrain, stand and fuel characteristics. Simulations were carried out under extreme fire weather conditions. Fuel layers used for the simulations were obtained combining the Spanish National Forest Map (4th Spanish National Forest Inventory) and a new fuel classification developed for forest fuels in Galicia. The software WindNinja was employed to include in the simulations the spatial variability of wind speed and direction as a consequence of topography. After computing output data from fire behavior simulation, Landscape Treatment Designer (LTD) was the software employed to obtain the optimal treatment locations. LTD creates a sequence of spatially defined project areas that maximizes the objectives with the provided constraints and treatment thresholds. Flame length was selected as treatment threshold variable. Priority stands for treatment were defined as a function of a set of preventive, ecological and economic parameters (presence of human infrastructures, fire risk according to fire frequency and ecological value, fuel model and stand structure). The maximum area to treat was constraint to 3000 ha for the whole scenario. After obtaining flame length for each stand with Flammap, LTD creates both aggregated and dispersed treatment schedules, each representing a different spatial treatment scenario, taking into account the priority functions. The results highlight the potential of this methodology as a very useful tool for fuel treatments at landscape level, taking into account that the effective allocation of resources is critical.
Border Avoidance: Necessary Regularity for Coefficients and Viscosity Approach

Motivated by the result of invariance of regular-boundary open sets in \cite{CannarsaDaPratoFrankowska2009} and multi-stability issues in gene networks, our paper focuses on three closely related aims. First, we give a necessary local Lipschitz-like condition in order to expect invariance of open sets (for deterministic systems). Comments on optimality are provided via examples. Second, we provide a border avoidance (near-viability) counterpart of \cite{CannarsaDaPratoFrankowska2009} for controlled Brownian diffusions and piecewise deterministic switched Markov processes (PDsMP). We equally discuss to which extent Lipschitz-continuity of the driving coefficients is needed. Finally, by applying the theoretical result on PDsMP to Hasty's model of bacteriophage (\cite{hasty\_pradines\_dolnik\_collins\_00}, \cite{crudu\_debussche\_radulescu\_09}), we show the necessity of explicit modeling for the environmental cue triggering lysis.
Protein Extraction from Grape Seeds by Reverse Micelles: Optimization of the Forward Extraction

The optimization of the reverse micelles extraction of protein from grape seeds was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the Plackett-Burman design and steepest ascent, CTAB concentration, pH, NaCl concentration and crude protein concentration were selected as the most extract conditions. Subsequently, the optimum combination of the selected factors was investigated by the Box-Behnken design. The final condition of extraction optimized with RSM was CTAB concentration 39 mmol/L, pH 5.6, NaCl concentration 0.01 mol/L, and crude protein concentration 2.1 mg/mL. The forward extraction yield of 82.3% in triplicate under optimal extraction condition was obtained.
Analysis of Arguments Favoring Vaccine Resistance

This study uses data collected from an internet message board to analyze arguments favoring vaccine resistance. The results replicate previous research into vaccine-resistant groups and identify three themes in vaccine-resistance discussion. The themes identified were: first, feelings of persecution and conspiracy theories; second, feelings of guilt; and third, community-building strategies.
Driver Modeling and Simulation of Lane Change Situations :Influence of Different Rear View Mirror Types on Gap Acceptance Behavior

Models to simulate individual driver behavior offer the possibility to investigate human-machine interaction in early stages of driver assistance system development. Many driver behavior models were published with regard to the simulation of longitudinal and lateral vehicle control, but the number of detailed models which simulate gap acceptance behavior preceeding a lane change (overtaking) maneuver is comparably small. In this thesis, the influence of different rear view mirror types on driver's gap acceptance behavior during a simulated lane change scenario on a two-lane German Autobahn was investigated and a driver behavior model was built to simulate this behavior. Individual behavior differences were also considered. As a first step, a simulation of different rear view mirror types (Planar, Convex C20 / C14) was implemented in a research driving simulator. Afterwards, two driving simulator studies were conducted: 1) To validate the implementation of the three mirror types, the results of a distance estimation study were compared against already published field studies with real mirror. 2) Results of a lane change study were then used for the development of a driver behavior model to simulate gap acceptance behavior: to estimate gap size and closing speed of approaching vehicles from behind, the model relies on visual angles and their rate of change which are well known concepts in psychology of visual perception.
Knowledge, Practice and Attitude towards Epilepsy and Associated Factors among Adults in Goncha Siso Enesie Woreda Rural Kebeles, East Gojjam, Ethiopia 2016

Back ground: Epilepsy is one of common neurological disorder in developing countries. Epilepsy affects 50 million people worldwide, and 80% of them live in the developing world. Epilepsy is one of stigmatizing problem with social, physical, economical and psychological effects on the patient as well as on the family. Objective: To assess Knowledge, Practice and Attitude about Epilepsy and associated factors among Adults in Goncha Siso EnesieWoreda Rural Kebeles, East Gojjam, Ethiopia, 2016. Method: Community based cross-sectional study design was used. The study was conducted from 2 September 2016 to 24 October 2016. In this study, sample size was 634 households from randomly selected kebele. To assess the relationship of factors and with the dependent variables multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Result: A total of 600 respondents were interviewed. This made the response rate to be 94.6%. One hundred percent of participants replied as they heard about Epilepsy from different sources previously. Even though they have awareness, about 285(47.5%) have inadequate knowledge, 379(63.2%) poor Practice, 206(34.3%) have unfavorable attitude towards epilepsy. Participants who have educational status of college and above are 3.5 times have favorable attitude than participants who could not read and write. Conclusion: The main finding of this study indicates medium adequate knowledge, high poor Practice and high favorable attitude about epilepsy. The findings indicate, they were familiar with epilepsy, yet there is still problem with practice. Determinate variables for knowledge are educational level, residency and walking time between home and health institution and for practice educational status and family role are significant. Educational status also affects attitude of participants. All stalk holders of Goncha Siso Enesie Woreda and all health institutions shall work integrated on creation of awareness on interventions which are important when they encounter epileptic patient.
Eigenvalues of random networks with cycles

Networks are often studied using the eigenvalues of their adjacency matrix, a powerful mathematical tool with a wide range of applications. Since in real systems the exact graph structure is not known, researchers resort to random graphs to obtain eigenvalue properties from known structural features. However, this theory is not intuitive and only few results are known. In this note we offer a different perspective on this ﬁeld by focusing on the cycles in a graph. We present a relation between eigenvalues and cycle weights, and we use it to obtain spectral properties of random graphs with cyclic motifs. We empirically discover a surprising phenomenon: The eigenvalues of a network with abundance of short cycles are conﬁned to the interior of a τ -ellipse –an ellipse with τ foci– in the complex plane. We also explore the eigenvalue distributions of circulant directed matrices with random signs, whose eigenvalues turn out to be distributed in concentric circles in the complex plane. These results show that cycles and spectra are fundamentally intertwined and provide a new approach to study random graphs.
Emotional Empathy Mediates the Relationship between Mental Health of Parents of People with ASD and the Autistic Symptomatology of the Care Recipient

Caring for people with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been reported to have a negative impact on the caregivers’ health. One of the most studied risk factors is the severity of the autistic symptomatology of the care recipient, greater severity of symptoms having been associated with poorer health outcomes in caregivers. However, to our knowledge, no studies have evaluated the role of empathy of the caregivers in this association. This study aimed to explore the possible mediating effect of both cognitive and emotional components of empathy in the relationship between autistic symptoms of the care recipient and caregiver depression and anxiety in 76 caregivers of people with ASD. Only personal distress mediates the association with anxiety, while both components of emotional empathy, personal distress and empathic concern, mediate the relationship between autistic symptoms and depressive symptomatology. In both cases, high scores in empathy were related to high levels of symptomatology. These results have implications for clinical practice, in that evaluating empathy in caregivers could help to foresee and hence take measures to prevent psychological disorders in this population.
A study of thin liquid sheet flows

This study was a theoretical and experimental investigation of thin liquid sheet flows in vacuum. A sheet flow created by a narrow slit of width, W, coalesces to a point at a distance, L, as a result of surface tension forces acting at the sheet edges. As the flow coalesces, the fluid accumulates in the sheet edges. The observed triangular shape of the sheet agrees with the calculated triangular result. Experimental results for L/W as a function of Weber number, We, agree with the calculated result, L/W = the sq. root of 8We. The edge cross sectional shape is found to oscillate from elliptic to 'cigar' like to 'peanut' like and then back to elliptic in the flow direction. A theoretical one-dimensional model was developed that yielded only elliptic solutions for the edge cross section. At the points where the elliptic shapes occur, there is agreement between theory and experiment.
Continuous State POMDPs for Object Manipulation Tasks

My research focus is on using continuous state partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) to perform object manipulation tasks using a robotic arm. During object manipulation, object dynamics can be extremely complex, non-linear and challenging to specify. To avoid modeling the full complexity of possible dynamics. I instead use a model which switches between a discrete number of simple dynamics models. By learning these models and extending Porta's continuous state POMDP framework (Porta et at. 2006) to incorporate this switching dynamics model, we hope to handle tasks that involve absolute and relative dynamics within a single framework. This dynamics model may be applicable not only to object manipulation tasks, but also to a number of other problems, such as robot navigation. By using an explicit model of uncertainty, I hope to create solutions to object manipulation tasks that more robustly handle the noisy sensory information received by physical robots.
Missing Amplification Effect : Focusing Missing Leads to Low Happiness Experience

Prospect theory study found that people’s perception of the loss was greater than the strength obtained (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979), and the cognitive processes of “priority processing trend of negative events” thought that negative events would be priority processing than positive events (Huang & Luo, 2009). Researchers infer that when people focus on the lack of real life, it will produce the missing amplification effect, and this will further affect people’s well-being experiences. We used three experiments to test our hypotheses. Experiment 1 was between subjects design, and found that focusing missing was widespread, in addition, focusing missing and happy experience were negative correlation; Experiment 2 was picture experiment, and found that “missing amplification effect” existed. The greater the missing amplified effect, the lower the happiness; Experiment 3 merged experiment 1 and experiment 2, And found that the intermediary role between focusing missing and happy experience. Through the above three experiments, we concluded that: focusing missing leaded low happy experience, and missing amplification effect was the psychological mechanisms to explain why the focusing missing leaded to the low happy experience.
Regression adjustment in randomized experiments with a diverging number of covariates

Extending R. A. Fisher and D. A. Freedman’s results on the analysis of covariance, Lin [2013] proposed an ordinary least squares adjusted estimator of the average treatment effect in completely randomized experiments. His results are appealing because he uses Neyman’s randomization model without imposing any parametric assumptions, and the consistency and asymptotic normality of his estimator hold even if the linear model is misspecified. His results hold for a fixed dimension p of the covariates with the sample size n approaching infinity. However, it is common for practitioners to adjust for a large number of covariates to improve efficiency. Therefore, it is important to consider asymptotic regimes allowing for a diverging number of covariates. We show that Lin [2013]’s estimator is consistent when κ log p → 0 and asymptotically normal when κp → 0 under mild moment conditions, where κ is the maximum leverage score of the covariate matrix. In the favorable case where leverage scores are all close, his estimator is consistent when p = o(n/ logn) and is asymptotically normal when p = o(n). In addition, we propose a bias-corrected estimator that is consistent when κ log p → 0 and is asymptotically normal, with the same variance in the fixed-p regime, when κp log p→ 0. In the favorable case, the latter condition reduces to p = o(n/(logn)). Our simulation confirms that n is the phase-transition threshold for the confidence intervals based on Lin [2013]’s and our estimators. Similar to Lin [2013], we do not assume that the linear model is correct. Our analysis requires novel analytic tools for sampling without replacement, which complement and potentially enrich the theory in other areas such as survey sampling, matrix sketching, and transductive learning.
The effect of thematically related toy play on engagement in storybook reading in children with hearing impairment

OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether themed toy play increased subsequent engagement in storybook reading in preschool children with typical hearing and with hearing impairment. METHOD: This study employed a counterbalanced experimental design. In all sessions participants played with toys first and then were read a storybook. In the experimental condition, the toys matched the theme of the book, and in the control condition they did not. Conditions were presented in random order. Storybooks had language at the early preschool level and had characters, plots, and illustrations. Twenty-three preschool-aged children participated, 12 with typical hearing and 11 with hearing impairment. Engagement during storybook reading was measured using the Child Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS; Mahoney, 1998), consisting of five Items: Attention to Activity, Involvement, and Cooperation (Attention subscale) and Affect and Joint Attention (Initiation subscale). RESULTS: Comparisons between the two conditions, across participants, showed near significant increases in Involvement and Joint Attention, and a trend toward increased Initiation Subscale in the Matched condition. Playing with toys that matched the theme of the storybook selectively enhanced engagement, particularly the Affect Item and the Initiation Subscale of the CBRS, in participants with hearing impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Play with thematically related toys prior to reading leads to increased interaction with the reader, increased participation, satisfaction, and more positive emotion during reading for children with hearing impairment. Implementing this approach is simple, and fun for school and home settings.
Albayzin Evaluation : Audio Segmentation System at CEPHIS-UAB

This paper describes the audio segmentation system developed at the Software-Hardware Prototypes and Solutions Lab (Autonomous University of Barcelona) for the Albayzin 2010 Evaluations at the FALA 2010 “VI Jornadas en Tecnologı́a del Habla” and II Iberian SLTech Workshop.
On-site holographic interference method for fast surface topology measurements and reconstruction

Based on holographic interferometry technique, we develop a quantitative method for on-site characterization of surface topology and 3D reconstruction. The optical set-up with 2D spatial light modulator for surface characterization of 3D micro-structures is presented. It is shown that this non-destructive and non-contact method made possible the rapid investigation of 3D polymer structures employing diffractive masks and phase modulation based on two beams interference. The experimental results obtained with this method demonstrated the quantitative high-resolution measurement of samples topology with faster processing details comparing to the actual screening methods which cannot be used on-site conditions.
Applicability of Crowd Sourcing to Determine the Best Transportation Method by Analysing User Mobility

Traffic is one of the most significant problem in Sri Lanka. Valuable time can be saved if there is a proper way to predict the traffic and recommend the best route considering the time factor and the people’s satisfaction on various transportation methods. Therefore, in this research using location awareness applications installed in mobile devices, data related to user mobility were collected by using crowdsourcing techniques and studied. Based on these observations an algorithm has been developed to overcome the problem. By using this, the best transportation method can be predicted as the results of the research. Therefore, people can choose what will be the best time slots & transportation methods when planning journeys. Throughout this research it has been proven that for the Sri Lankan context, the data mining concepts together with crowdsourcing can be applied to determine the best transportation method.