Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Track Deflection Associated with the Passage of Tropical Cyclones over a Mesoscale Mountain

Abstract In this study, the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU–NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) was used to simulate Supertyphoon Bilis (in 2000) and Typhoon Toraji (in 2001) in order to investigate the dynamics of track deflection caused by the Central Mountain Range (CMR) of Taiwan. The MM5 predicted the track of each storm reasonably well. Bilis was stronger and had a relatively faster forward motion, which helped make the track continuous as it crossed the CMR. The use of a “bogus” vortex in the initialization process helped produce a storm closer to the observed strength. Bilis is a classic example of a typhoon crossing Taiwan with a continuous track. For comparison, Typhoon Toraji, a typical typhoon having a discontinuous track, was also studied. Toraji was weaker and had a relatively slower forward speed, which prevented the original low center from crossing over the CMR and forced more air parcels to go around the northern tip of the CMR. As a r.
Production of alkaline protease by Bacillus cereus and Bacillus polymixa in new industrial culture mediums and its immobilization

After amylases, proteases are the most useful industrial enzymes that are produced 500 tones annually. In industry, proteases are produced from bacteria and fungi. The alkaline proteases, with an optimum activity in pH: 9 - 11, have numerous applications in daily life of peoples such as food complementary of beast and poultry, confectionary, bakery, fermentation industries, leathering, detergent industry, biotransformation and so on. In this research a wild strain of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus polymixa, isolated from the soils of Isfahan (Iran), showed the best alkaline protease activity in industrial mediums such as sweet sorghum extract and molasses. The maximum alkaline protease activity in productive culture mediums after 72 h in 30°C and with100 R.P.M. were measured. The results with B. polymixa were 46.7 (u/ml) in T.S. B, 57 (u/ml) in N.B, 60.22 (u/ml) in peptone solution, 67 (u/ml) in sweet sorghum solution, 216 (u/ml) in yeast extract solution, 358 (u/ml) in glucose solution, 413 (u/ml) in casamino acid solution, 418 (u/ml) in whey, 470.5 (u/ml) in casein solution, 490.5 (u/ml) in molasses, 525 (u/ml) in sweet sorghum extract and 580.5 (u/ml) in milk and with B. cereus were 34.72 (u/ml) in T.S. B, 39.85 (u/ml) in N.B, 39.1 (u/ml) in peptone solution, 58 (u/ml) in sweet sorghum solution, 200.65 (u/ml) in yeast extract solution, 363 (u/ml) in glucose solution, 191.5 (u/ml) in casamino acid solution, 302.5 (u/ml) in whey, 455.5 (u/ml) in casein solution, 485.5 (u/ml) in molasses, 510.5 (u/ml) in sweet sorghum extract and 535.5 (u/ml) in milk. The fixation experiments with alkaline protease from B. polymixa showed that this enzyme after 3 month in sawdust, perlit and silica has protected its stability and has 50, 100 and 100% of its primary activity respectively. In the case of immobilization with the same enzyme and the same bacterium, the examinations showed that the alkaline protease activity on perlit after one, two and three washing treatment were 52, 30 and 20% of its primary activity but in the case of silica were 93, 90 and 84% of its primary activity.
Summary of Text Feature Selection Method Based on VSM

The selection of text feature selection method directly affects the accuracy of subsequent in text classification and clustering. This paper reviews 4 kinds of feature selection methods based on VSM include: supervised feature selection method, unsupervised feature selection method, feature selection based on TF-IDF and improvement, improved method based on ICTCLAS built-in noun patterns. We evaluate their advantages and disadvantages.
Sensitivity Analysis and Optimisation of a Land Use and Transport Integrated Model

Land Use and Transportation Integrated (LUTI) models have become a norm for representing the interactions between land use and the transportation of goods and people in a territory. Through the use of these models, urban planning policies and development scenarios can be evaluated. The calibration of LUTI models is a heavy task, involving gathering of massive amounts of data and the estimation of an important number of parameters. In this paper, the calibration of the open-source LUTI model Tranus is considered. Classical calibrations of Tranus rely on ad hoc econometric techniques and time-consuming trial and error procedures.Here, a two-step calibration that comprises global sensitivity analysis and optimisation is proposed. The sensitivity analysis presented herein is based on the replication method for the estimation of Sobol’ indices and generalised to take into account multivariate outputs. The optimisation step is an iterative process combining stochastic and deterministic procedures. The proposed calibration procedure is applied to a study area in the State of Mississippi. Compared to a previous ad hoc procedure, this new approach results in a significant improvement of the adjustment factors of Tranus while reducing drastically the calibration time.
Comparison of Two Extraction Methods for Spirogyra Extracellular Polymeric Substances

Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have been considered as important renewable resources and technologies. Lately many studies are looking for valuable EPS as well as algae with production potentials and corresponding extraction methods. Spirogyra spp. is a genus of large filamentous green algae commonly found in freshwater areas? Under natural circumstances, Spirogyra spp. excretes large amounts of EPS and forms a mucilage layer. This study used two algal EPS extraction methods such as ultrasonication and heating to compare the extraction yields of EPS and the levels of its primary components of polysaccharides and proteins. The results indicated that the extraction yields of EPS using heating and ultrasonication are 29.4 mg EPS/g-fresh algae and 15.8 mg EPS/g-fresh algae, respectively. The ratio of polysaccharides to proteins in EPS is around 1.85 to 2.16, which is not a significant difference between the two extraction methods. In other words, the level of polysaccharides is always higher than the level of proteins in EPS extraction with both two methods. This study exhibited the developmental potential of Spirogyra and the industrial application of EPS by exploring extraction methods of Spirogyra and the features of EPS.
Optimized construction of various classification models for the diagnosis of thyroid problems in human beings

Thyroid disorder is a major public health problem. Early detection of thyroid disorder is anincreasingly important area in the field of medical diagnosis, pattern recognition, machinelearning and data mining. Thyroid disorder, either over production (hyperthyroidism) or lessproduction (hypothyroidism) results in imbalanced state of thyroid hormone stimulation inhuman beings. So, controlling this disorder has become a central issue in healthcare and needsgreat attention. This research critically examines different classification models constructedusing a novel mathematical ranked improved F-score ordering (RIFO) applied to thyroiddataset taken from machine learning repository, University of California, Irvine. A total ofnine possible and effective feature subsets have been constructed and each subset is testedwith three most benchmarked algorithms namely C4.5, multilayer perceptron (MLP) andradial basis function network (RBFN) using tenfold cross-validation and various training-testpartitions. The obtained results show diverse conclusions, but one with interesting and highestaccuracy has been presented. From the results, it is observed that MLP has emerged with anoutstanding performance of 98.15%, which is greater than all earlier research. The dataset has3 classes, 5 features and 215 records (hypo=30, hyper=35, normal=150).
High-precision QED calculations of the hyperfine structure in hydrogen and transition rates in multicharged ions

Studies of the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen are strongly m otivated by the level of accuracy achieved in recent atomic physics experiments, which yield finally model-inde pendent informations about nuclear structure parameters with utmost precision. Considering the current stat u of the determination of corrections to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state in hydrogen, this thesis provi des further improved calculations by taking into account the most recent value for the proton charge radius. Comparin g theoretical and experimental data of the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen the proton-size contribution is extr acted and a relativistic formula for this contribution is derived in terms of moments of the nuclear charge and magneti zation distributions. An iterative scheme for the determination of the Zemach and magnetic radii of the proton is proposed. As a result, the Zemach and magnetic radii are determined and the values are compared with the cor r sponding ones deduced from data obtained in electron-proton scattering experiments. The extraction o f the Zemach radius from a rescaled difference between the hyperfine splitting in hydrogen and in muonium is conside re as well. Investigations of forbidden radiative transitions in fewlectron ions within ab initio QED provide a most sensitive tool for probing the influence of relativistic electron-cor relation and QED corrections to the transition rates. Accordingly, a major part of this thesis is devoted to detailed stu ies of radiative and interelectronic-interaction eff ects to the transition probabilities. The renormalized express ions for the corresponding corrections in oneand twoelectron ions as well as for ions with one electron over close d shells are derived employing the two-time Green’s function method. Numerical results for the correlation cor rections to magnetic transition rates in He-like ions are presented. For the first time also the frequency-dependent c ontribution is calculated, which has to be accounted for preserving gauge invariance. One-loop QED corrections t the magnetic-dipole transition amplitude between the fine-structure levels 2p3/2 and2p1/2 are calculated to all orders in αZ. Taking into account consistently relativistic, interelectronic-interaction, and QED correct ions to the magnetic-dipole transition amplitude allows fo r predictions of the lifetimes of the states (1s2s2p) P3/2 in B-like ions and(1s2s2p) P2 in Be-like ions with utmost precision. The results of corresponding calculations are compared with experimental data obtained in recent measurements at the Heidelberg EBIT. Finally, for He-like ions with nonzero-spin nuclei the effe ct of hyperfine quenching on the lifetimes of the 2P0,2 states is investigated and again compared available experi mental data.
Dating minerals by ID-TIMS geochronology at times of in situ analysis: selected case studies from the CPGeo-IGc-USP laboratory

Since 1964, the Center for Geochronological Research – CPGeo, one of the interdepartmental centers of the Instituto de Geociencias (IG) of Sao Paulo University, has developed studies related to several geological processes associated with different rock types. Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry Isotopic Dilution (ID-TIMS) has been the technique widely used in the CPGeo U-Pb Laboratory. It provides reliable and accurate results in age determination of superposed events. However, the open-system behavior such as Pb-loss, the inheritance problem and metamictization processes allow and impel us to a much richer understanding of the power and limitations of U-Pb geochronology and thermochronology. In this article, we present the current methodology used at the CPGeo-IGc-USP U-Pb laboratory, the improvements on ID-TIMS method, and report high-precision U-Pb data from zircon, monazite, epidote, titanite, baddeleyite and rutile from different rock types of several domains of the Brazilian south-southeast area, Argentina and Uruguay.
Early Adolescent Thais’ Perceptions of Sexual Identity

บทคดยอ วยรนตอนตนเปนชวงวยทเปลยนผานจากความเปนเดกสความเปนผใหญ พฒนาการทสำคญในวยนคอการเรมตนพฒนาอตลกษณทางเพศ ซงคกคามตวตนอนมนคงของเดกวยรนตอนตนการศกษาเชงคณภาพโดยวธการพรรณาครงน มวตถประสงคเพออธบายการรบรอตลกษณทางเพศและปจจยทมผลตออตลกษณทางเพศตามการรบรของเดกวยรนตอนตน ขอมลเชงคณภาพไดจากเดกวยรนตอนตนโดยการสนทนากลม จำนวน 84 คน และโดยการสมภาษณเดกวยรนตอนตนจำนวน 12 คนวเคราะหขอมลจากการสนทนากลมและการสมภาษณโดยวธการวเคราะหเนอหาของมอรสและรชชารด ผลการศกษาพบวาอตลกษณทางเพศตามการรบรของเดกวยรนตอนตนประกอบดวย 4 สวนคอ 1) เพศสรระ 2) บทบาททางเพศสภาพ 3) อตลกษณทเกยวกบเพศสภาพ และ 4) วถทางเพศดานเพศสรระ เดกวยรนตอนตนรบรความเปนหญงหรอความเปนชายของตนเองจากการมอวยวะแสดงเพศ ดานบทบาททางเพศสภาพ เดกวยรนตอนตนรบรความเปนหญงและความเปนชายจากลกษณะภายนอก ไดแก เครองแตงกาย บคลกภาพและกรยาทาทาง ดานอตลกษณทเกยวกบเพศสภาพ เดกวยรนตอนตนหญงรสกภมใจทมโอกาสไดเปนแม และไดรบการปกปอง แตรสกขดแยงเกยวกบการมลกษณะของเพศหญงและรสกเสยเปรยบเพศชาย ในขณะทเดกวยรนตอนตนชายรสกภมใจในความแขงแรง ความเปนสภาพบรษและความเปนอสระ และดานวถทางเพศ เดกวยรนตอนตนทงเพศหญงและเพศชายทกคนมความรสกดงดดใจทางเพศกบเพศตรงขาม การอบรมสงสอนจากครอบครว สอและสงแวดลอมในโรงเรยนเปนปจจยสำคญทมผลตอการรบรอตลกษณทางเพศของเดกวยรนตอนตนผลการศกษาครงนสามารถชวยใหผใหบรการสขภาพในโรงเรยน บดามารดา พยาบาลและบคลากรอนๆตระหนกถงความสำคญและสนใจในความเสยงของเดกวยรนตอนตนในระยะเปลยนผานของพฒนาการทางเพศ และพฒนาโปรแกรมการสงเสรมอตลกษณทางเพศสำหรบเดกวยรนตอนตนตอไป คำสำคญ: เดกวยรนตอนตน; อตลกษณทางเพศ; วจยเชงคณภาพโดยวธการพรรณา Abstract Early adolescents face many changes during their transition from childhoodto adulthood. Key developmental tasks, during this period of potential risk andinstability, include acquiring a sense of sexual identity. This descriptive qualitativestudy sought to explore early adolescents’ perception of sexual identity and relatedfactors. Qualitative data were gathered from early adolescents via focus groupdiscussions (n = 84) and interviews (n = 12). Data, from both the focus groupdiscussions and interviews, were analyzed, using content analysis described by Morseand Richards. Findings revealed sexual identity was perceived by Thai adolescents to include:biological sex; gender role; gender identity; and, sexual orientation. Biological sexwas perceived as female or male, based on one’s sexual organs, while gender role,feminine or masculine, was perceived through external appearances includingclothing, personality and manners. With respect to gender identity, girls expressedpride in potentially becoming a mother and being protected, but were conflictedabout female characteristics and being disadvantaged when compared to males.Boys were proud of being strong, being gentlemen and having freedom. Regardingsexual orientation, all adolescents were sexually attracted to the opposite sex. Familyupbringing, the media and school environment were factors perceived to be relatedto sexual identity. The results may help school health providers, parents, nurses andothers better recognize and address early adolescent vulnerabilities, and developappropriate programs that promote sexual identity. Key words: Early adolescent; Sexual identity; Descriptive qualitative research
A cultural comparison of business practices in Thailand and Japan with implications for Malaysia

Abstract This paper compares some business practices in Thailand and Japan using a cultural model. The focus is to assess the validity of using a ‘western’ model in the context of a changing south-east Asia and Japan, and the contextual global implications for change. The model considered was developed by Hofstede in his famous cultural dimensions theory. The model concentrates on five cultural dimensions across over 100 countries of the world. This paper’s aim is to identify and interpret features of the cultures of Thailand and Japan when juxtaposed with what is obtainable in the Western World and draw conclusion on its implications for Malaysia. The relevance of a western model in two very distinctive ethnic contexts was X-rayed and the most suitable for these Nations were discussed. Hofstedt’s five cultural dimensions are: power distance, individualism and collectivism, masculinity and femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and short- and long-term orientation. The two most suitable for developing Countries like Japan and Thailand are: power distance and uncertainty avoidance. After analyzing these two cultural dimensions, it is argued that a western interpretation takes insufficient account of the different ethnic and social contexts in plural and homogenous societies. The hegemonic western perspective may thus be challenged when comparing non-western cultures. Similarities and dissimilarities for the cultures of Thailand and Japan were inferred and discussed. A preliminary assessment is undertaken of the implications of the paper for globalizing the engineering profession and business in Thailand, Japan, and Malaysia.
Hedging in complete markets driven by normal martingales

This paper aims at a unied treatment of hedging in market models driven by martingales with deterministic brackethM;Mit, including Brownian motion and the Poisson process as particular cases. Replicating hedging strategies for European, Asian and Lookback options are explicitly computed using either the Clark{Ocone formula or an extension of the delta hedging method, depending on which is most appropriate.
Controlling and assessing the quality of aerosol jet printed features for large area and flexible electronics

Aerosol jet printing (AJP) is a versatile technique suitable for large-area, fine-feature patterning of both rigid and flexible substrates with a variety of functional inks. In particular, AJP can tolerate ink viscosities between 1 and 1000 cP, with printing resolution of the order of 10 μm, thus making it attractive for flexible and printed electronics. This work investigates in detail significant aspects of ink-substrate combination and substrate temperature that are highly relevant to AJP. In order to do this, thin conducting silver lines are printed using AJP on both rigid (glass and silicon) as well as flexible (polyimide) substrates. The correlation between the various deposition parameters and the ‘quality’ of the printed lines are evaluated, through measurements of electrical conductivity under different experimental conditions. Based on our findings, a framework is proposed through which the morphology of AJP lines can be controlled and assessed for applications in large area and flexible electronic devices.
Fine roots and ectomycorrhizal colonization in black spruce subjected to reductions in soil moisture

Growth and survival of boreal tree species depends on fungal symbionts, namely mycorrhizas. Owing to their rapid turnover, fine roots and their symbionts can be prompt and sensitive indicators of the effects of environmental changes on forest ecosystems. We investigated how a reduction in soil moisture influences the fine roots and ectomycorrhizas (ECM) of black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP] after 3 years of rain exclusion in four mature stands of the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada. Rain was excluded with transparent plastic under-canopy covers installed during the growing seasons 2010–2012. Soil moisture was strongly affected by the treatment, with water content being reduced from 40% to 21% on average. As expected, the experimental trees showed a decrease in the proportion of vital root tips and ECM with respect to controls. The proportion of vital ECM was also globally reduced from 73.8% to 68.6%, but the effects of the treatment were only significant in two sites. The expected drier conditions d.
Simulation of Gas Flow in Microtubes by Lattice Boltzmann Method

Isothermal gas flow in microtubes with a sudden expansion or contraction is studied numerically by lattice Boltzmann method. An axisymmetric D2Q9 model is used to simulate gas slip flow in micro-circular pipes. With the boundary condition combined specular and bounce-back schemes, the computed results are in excellent agreement with analytical solution for straight microtube. For the gas flow in the expanded or constricted tubes, we carried out simulations of several Knudsen numbers with inlet/outlet pressure ratio 3. It is found the pressure drop in each section can be predicted well by the theory of straight tubes. For smaller Knudsen number, flow separation in the expanded tube is observed. While for large Knudsen number, there is no vortex at corner and the streamlines are attached to boundary. In the constricted tube, the vortex at corner is very weak. These results are consistent with some experimental conclusions.
DESIGN AND CONTROL OF PARALLEL THREE PHASE VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTERS IN LOW VOLTAGE AC MICROGRID

Design and hierarchical control of three phase parallel Voltage Source Inverters are developed in this paper. The control scheme is based on synchronous reference frame and consists of primary and secondary control levels. The primary control consists of the droop control and the virtual output impedance loops. This control level is designed to share the active and reactive power correctly between the connected VSIs in order to avoid the undesired circulating current and overload of the connected VSIs. The secondary control is designed to clear the magnitude and the frequency deviations caused by the primary control. The control structure is validated through dynamics simulations.The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control structure.
The Growth Challenge of Western SMES in Emerging Markets: An Exploratory Framework and Policy Implications

In this paper, we explore the main inhibiting factors associated with the process of entry and escalation of SMES in international markets, with a focus on Emerging Markets. We identify and propose seven main categories of Institutional Voids and three main types of resources that may critically determine SMES’ performances on EMS, namely, internationalization knowledge, social capital resources and marketing capabilities. Institutional Voids and resources are brought together within a conceptual framework suggesting that resource-scarce SMES will hold back in their attempts to commit further to Emerging Markets and will be further dissuaded the higher the Institutional Voids in the market. The paper contributes to the policy literature on SME internationalization by focusing on two areas of public policy action that could have a clear and manifest impact on SMES conduct in Emerging Markets, the first related to the resources available to and exploitable by SMES and the latter associated with Institutional Voids.
Swimming speed estimation of extinct marine reptiles: energetic approach revisited

Abstract Cruising speeds of Mesozoic marine reptiles have been estimated in the past by using a mathematical model of energetic equilibrium during steady swimming. This method suffered from a significant tendency to overestimate speeds of extant cetaceans for no clear reason, which raised questions about the validity of the approach itself. The present study identifies the factors that caused this shortcoming and proposes corrections and some additional modifications. These include the use of more accurate body shape models, updated metabolic rate models, and optimal rather than critical swimming speeds. The amended method successfully approximates published optimal speeds of several extant marine vertebrates, including cetaceans, showing that the basic framework of the energetic approach is valid. With this confirmation, the method was applied to Mesozoic marine reptiles, by assuming three different metabolic rate categories known in extant swimming vertebrates (i.e., average ectothermic, raised ectothermic, and marine endothermic levels). The results support previous inferences about the relative cruising capabilities of Mesozoic marine reptiles (i.e., ichthyosaurs > plesiosaurs > mosasaurs). Stenopterygius, a thunniform ichthyosaur, was probably capable of cruising at a speed at least comparable to those reported for some extant thunniform teleosts with similar diets (∼1 m/second).