Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF INTERFERENCE AND CHANEL CAPACITY IN A CDMA WIRELESS NETWORK USING DYNAMIC CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT (DCA) STRATEGY

There had been astronomical increase in the number of mobile users in recent times. Investigation had shown that these increased numbers of mobile users contribute high percentage of interferences that degrades the Quality of Services (QoS) in wireless network. Hence, interference is the most limiting factor of improved capacity in CDMA cellular network and has been one of the problems militating against the high efficiency of any mobile network. In effect, the scarcity of radio frequency spectrum and the ever increasing network users has necessitated the need to adopt some channel assignment algorithm to achieve acceptable spectrum efficiency. This paper therefore analyses interferences in a CDMA-based DCA algorithm with special emphasis placed on Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI) and Co-Channel Interference (CCI). The CDMA system used in this study is Zoom, one of the leading mobile wireless networks in South-East Nigeria. The developed models are simulated using Matlab. It was therefore discovered that interferences have prominent roles to play in reliable channel assignment strategy and network capacity in wireless system. Hence, in this paper, any reduction in interferences in cellular systems translates into improving channel capacity of a wireless network.
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This paper presents a new general approach to blend 2D shapes with di erent topologies. All possible topological evolutions are classi ed into three types by attaching three di erent topological cells. This formalism is resulted from Morse theory on the behavior of the 3D surface around a non-degenerate critical point. Also we incorporate degenerate topological evolutions into our framework which produce more attractive morphing e ects. The user controls the morph by specifying the types of topological evolutions as well as the feature correspondences between the source and target shapes. Some techniques are also provided to control the vertex path during the morphing process. The amount of user input required to produce a morph is directly proportional to the amount of control the user wishes to impose on the process. The user may allow the system to automatically generate the morph as well. Our approaches are totally geometric based and are easy and fast enough in fully interactive time. Many experimental results show the applicability and exibility of
Adaptive Source Routing in High-speed Networks Address for Proofs

We study algorithms for adaptive source routing in high speed networks, where some of the links are unreliable. Thus, the delivery of a single message to its destination may require trying several paths. Assuming a priori knowledge of the failure probabilities of links, our objective is to devise routing strategies which minimize the expected delivery cost of a single message. We describe optimal strategies for two cases: A tree-like network and a general serial/parallel topology. Whereas in the rst case, the greedy algorithm is shown to be optimal (i.e., it is best to try the paths by decreasing order of their success probabilities), there is no simple decision rule for the second case. However, using some properties of serial/parallel graphs we show, that an optimal strategy can be easily derived from a xed sequence of paths. We give an algorithm, polynomial in the number of links, for nding this sequence. For a general network we show, that the problem of devising an optimal strategy can be solved in polynomial space and is #P-Hard, and that the minimal expected delivery cost in a given network is also hard to approximate. Finally, we show, that for scenarios of adaptive source routing, the common greedy strategy is not even a constant approximation to the optimal strategy.
MODELING AND DECENTRALIZED CONTROL OF COMPLEX DYNAMIC INTERCONNECTED SYSTEMS

By using the concepts of dynamic graphs and dynamic adjacency matrix, a modeling method of a complex dynamic interconnected system is considered in this paper. Three types of fundamental topology structures of the system are described according to the multi-overlapping information structure constraints. Based on the inclusion principle and permutation transformation, the system is decomposed as a group of pair-wise subsystems in the expanded space. In the framework of subsystems, the system appears as pair-wise decoupled, and then the decentralized control can be applied to the system. Taking a four-subsystem dynamic interconnected system as an example, we show that the proposed modeling method and decentralized control scheme are of the validity.
Equivariant minimal surfaces in CH2 and their Higgs bundles

This paper gives a construction for all minimal immersions $f$ of the Poincar\'{e} disc into the complex hyperbolic plane $\mathbb{CH}^2$ which are equivariant with respect to an irreducible representation $\rho$ of a hyperbolic surface group into $PU(2,1)$. We exploit the fact that each such immersion is a twisted conformal harmonic map and therefore has a corresponding Higgs bundle. We identify the structure of these Higgs bundles and show how each is determined by properties of the map, including the induced metric and a holomorphic cubic differential on the surface. We show that the moduli space of pairs $(\rho,f)$ is a disjoint union of finitely many complex manifolds, whose structure we fully describe. The holomorphic (or anti-holomorphic) maps provide multiple components of this union, as do the non-holomorphic maps. Each of the latter components has the same dimension as the representation variety for $PU(2,1)$, and is indexed by the number of complex and anti-complex points of the immersion. These numbers determine the Toledo invariant and the Euler number of the normal bundle of the immersion. We show that there is an open set of quasi-Fuchsian representations of Toledo invariant zero for which the minimal surface is unique and Lagrangian.
Globelics International Research Collaboration, Research Team Performance, and Scientific & Technological Capabilities in Colombia --a Bottom-up Perspective 1

International research collaboration is a growing s ocial phenomenon (Wagner and Leydesdorff 2006; NSF-NSB 2008). It results in part s a strategy to deal with increasingly complex problems and raising costs of research (Luu kkonen, Persson; et al. 1992; Gibbons, Limoges et al. 1994; Adams, Black et al. 2005). It also responds to government policies oriented to favor such behavior (Georghiou 1998; Wagner, Bra hm kulam et al. 2001), and to the increased mobility of scientists across borders.
S U R F a C E -c O M P O S I T I O N a L S C O P E -a L T E R N a T I O N

The Montagovian assumption of “direct surface composition” (Hausser 1984; Jacobson 1996a) requires that all available readings of this kind should arise directly from the combinatorics of syntax operating over the lexical elements and their meanings. However, the grammar of English appears to offer a single syntactic structure for the sentence, in which the subject takes scope over the object, leaving the second reading unaccounted for. The ability of the object to “invert scope” or take wide scope over the subject in the following example is similarly unexplained:
An Efficient Multi-pkg Online/offline Identity-based Encryption Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network

In this paper, we divide large-scale resource-constrained WSN nodes into several domains, split cryptographic operations into heavy operations and the fast lightweight operations, and present an efficient multi-PKG online/offline identity-based encryption scheme for multi-domain WSN. Most heavy computations such as pairing or exponentiation are done in the offline phase for pre-computation without the receiver’s identity or the knowledge of the plaintext. Most fast lightweight operations are done in the online phase, together with the plaintext and the receiver’s identity. The online encryption is extremely efficient and easy to be implemented on sensor node. We prove the security of our new scheme in the random oracle model. Compared with the existing schemes, our new scheme is more secure and efficient, which is suitable for multidomain WSN. Copyright © 2013 IFSA.
SLAM with Visual Plane: Extracting Vertical Plane by Fusing Stereo Vision and Ultrasonic Sensor for Indoor Environment

This paper presents an algorithm for visual SLAM based on a visual plane, a reliable grouping of salient visual features along sonar line features. The grouping of visual features improves data association and reduces the number of landmarks against individual visual features. To accomplish this, we propose three techniques: 1) selection of visual features which are invariant to image changes in indoor environment and suitable candidates for the visual plane, 2) extraction of sonar line features with current sensor data, which filters out uncertain outliers efficiently and 3) a scheme on grouping visual features with respect to sonar line features and maintaining database of the extracted visual planes for reliable data association. We integrate above three techniques into one framework and propose a SLAM algorithm for the visual planes. Experimental results in two types of real home environment show that the algorithm can successfully be executed with no human intervention.
(3) Tandem Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

A new tandem time‐of‐flight (TOF‐TOF) instrument has been developed by modifying a standard matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)‐TOF instrument to make high‐performance, high‐energy collision‐induced dissociation (CID) MALDI tandem mass spectrometry (MS) a practical reality. To optimize fragment spectra quality, the selected precursor ion is decelerated before entering a floating collision cell and the potential difference between the source and the collision cell defines the collision energy of the ions. Standard operating conditions for tandem MS use a 1‐kV collision energy with single‐collision conditions and increased laser power for ion formation. Hence, both high‐ and low‐energy fragments are observed in MALDI TOF‐TOF spectra. On standard peptides, sensitivities down to 1 fmol are demonstrated. On a mixture of two solution tryptic digests at the 25‐fmol level, 23 spectra were sufficient to result in proper database identification.
Spread spectrum-based fragile software watermarking

A Spread Spectrum-based fragile software watermarking scheme is proposed in this paper. The algorithm extracts a vector of instruction-group frequencies from all basic blocks of original program and constructs a vector matrix. Furthermore, the scheme generates watermark based on the principal component analysis (PCA) technique and modifies the vector matrix to embed the watermark. With the system, spreading the watermark over the code provides not only a high level of stealth but also a global protection for the original program. The scheme not only can effectively detect tampering, but also has the ability to identify the type of tampering clearly.
Simplistic dynamic image based rendering

We present a very inexpensive way of creating dynamic image-based renderings of digitally recorded, photo realistic, real-life objects. Together with computer vision algorithms, the recorded person is visualized using the Relief Texture Mapping algorithm [Oliveira et al. 2000]. This mapping technique requires depth information for all texels representing the recorded object from all recorded views. By using two digital video cameras, the dynamic object is recorded in stereo in different views to cover its whole volume. As the depth information from the separate views is generated by stereo correlation, it is used together with the recorded video as relief textures on a pre-defined bounding box and morphed into a three dimensional representation by justifying the known depth disparities.
DO DIFFERENT MEDIA MATTER? HOW NEWSPAPERS VARY

A sincere thank you to my advisors, Professor Michael Munger and Professor Ken Rogerson for their willingness, guidance, and expertise. Without their support and leadership, this project would not be possible. To my mom, dad, sister, and friends who encouraged me to set far-reaching goals and challenge myself. And To the Sanford School of Public Policy, who makes it possible for students to perform independent research and pushes them to think outside the box.
Resource Validation Report

The REMND Project has developed an innovative and highly effective method for finding and understanding metaphors in four languages: English, Spanish, Russian, and Farsi. Our research demonstrated that metaphors can be reliably detected by tracking the use of highly imageable and concrete language. In addition, since most metaphors carry polarized affect, presence of af-fective language is another reliable indicator of metaphorical expressions.
On Fuchsian Groups with the Same Set of Axes

Let Γ be a Fuchsian group. We denote by ax(Γ) the set of axes of hyperbolic elements of Γ. Define Fuchsian groups Γ1 and Γ2 to be isoaxial if ax(Γ1) = ax(Γ2). The main result in this note is to show (see Section 2 for definitions) the following.
PHENOMENOLOGICAL ARCHITECTURE OF A MIND AND OPERATIONAL ARCHITECTONICS OF THE BRAIN: THE UNIFIED METASTABLE CONTINUUM

In our contribution we will observe phenomenal architecture of a mind and operational architectonics of the brain and will show their intimate connectedness within a single integrated metastable continuum. The notion of operation of different complexity is the fundamental and central one in bridging the gap between brain and mind: it is precisely by means of this notion that it is possible to identify what at the same time belongs to the phenomenal conscious level and to the neurophysiological level of brain activity organization, and what mediates between them. Implications for linguistic semantics, self-organized distributed computing algorithms, artificial machine consciousness, and diagnosis of dynamic brain diseases will be discussed briefly.
Nonstationary Long-time Processes Causing Loss of Serviceability Processus Evolutif a Long Terme Provoquant La Diminution De I'aptitude Au Service Nicht-stationare Langzeitprozesse Und Reduzierte Gebrauchstauglichkeit Nonstationary Long-time Processes

The article presents a broad but nonexhaustive overview of the state-of-the-art and modern research directions in mathematical modeling of long-time processes engendering loss of serviceability of concrete structures, and to highlight some selected recent advances. Particular attention is given to creep and the effects of moisture and temperature, the fracture aspects of long-time damage, physically based models for freezethaw durability and for corrosion of steel, and probabilistic modeling an essential ingredient of serviceabilityanalysis.
Multichannel Interference Mitigation Techniques in Radio Astronomy

Radio-astronomical observations are increasingly corrupted by radio frequency interference, and on-line detection and filtering algorithms are becoming essential. To facilitate the introduction of such techniques into radio astronomy, we formulate the astronomical problem in an array signal processing language and give an introduction to some elementary algorithms from that field. We consider two topics in detail: interference detection by rank estimation of short-term covariance matrices and spatial filtering by subspace estimation and projection. We discuss experimental data collected at the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and illustrate the effectiveness of the spacetime detection and blanking process on the recovery of a 3C 48 absorption line in the presence of GSM mobile telephony interference.
OnSomeMethodsfor Improving FeatureVectorsfor WebPages

1. Intr oduction TheWWW (World WideWeb)is ausefulresourcefor usersto obtaina greatvarietyof information.Threebillion Webpagesarethelowerbound thatcomesfrom thecoverageof searchengines[1], andit is obviousthat thenumberof Webpagescontinuesto grow. Therefore,it is gettingmore andmoredifficult for usersto find relevant informationon the WWW. Underthesecircumstances, searchenginesareoneof the mostpopular methodsfor findingvaluableinformationeffectively, andthey areclassified into two generationsbasedon their indexing techniques[2]. In the first-generationsearchenginesdevelopedin theearlystagesof theWeb, only termscontainedin Webpageswereutilized asindexes. Therefore, the traditionaldocumentretrieval techniquewasmerelyappliedto Web pagesearch.However, Webpageshave peculiarfeaturessuchashyperlink structuresor arein numberstoo greatto searcheffectively. Consequently, usersarenot satisfiedwith easeof useandretrieval accuracy of searchenginesbecausesuchfeaturesof Web pagesarenot exploited in thefirst-generationsearchengines. To dealwith theseproblems,in thesecond-generation searchengines, thehyperlinkstructuresof Webpagesaretakeninto account.For example, the approachescalledPageRank[3] andHITS (Hypertext Induced Topic Search)[4] are appliedto Google[5] and the searchengineof the CLEVER project[6], respecti vely. In thesealgorithms,weighting Webpagesusinghyperlinkstructuresachieveshigherretrieval accuracy. However, thesealgorithmshaveshortcomingsin that(1) theweightfor a Webpageis merelydefined;and(2) therelativity of contentsamonghyperlinkedWebpagesis not considered. Takingthesepointsinto account, Davison[7] concentratedon textual contentandshowedthatWebpages are siginificantly more likely to be relatedtopically to pagesto which they arelinked. Basedon this finding, his researchgrouphave released thesearchengine“Teoma” thatdoescontext-sensiti veHITS onthelines of theCLEVERproject.Thissearchengineusestheconceptof “SubjectSpecificPopularity[8],” whichranksasitebasedonthenumberof samesubjectpagesthat referenceit, not just generalpopularity, to determine a site’s level of authority. However, theproblemof Webpagesirrelevant to user’s queryoftenbeingrankedhigherstill remains.Hence,in order to provide userswith relevant Web pages,it is necessaryto develop a techniquefor representingthecontentsof Webpagesmoreaccurately . In orderto achieve this purpose,we have proposedsomemethodsfor improving a featurevectorfor targetWebpage[9]. Our proposedmethods, however, also have a problemin that only Web pagesout-linked from a targetWeb pageareusedto generatethe featurevectorof targetWeb page. SinceWeb pagesusuallyhave their inandoutlinked pages,in thecaseof generatingmoreaccuratefeaturevectorsof Webpages,it is necessaryto useboth their inandoutlinked pages.Therefore,in this paper , wefirst proposethreemethodsfor improving thetf-idf scheme[10]
Performance management in construction: a conceptual framework

This paper presents a review of the literature on performance management and measurement in various industries with the aim of transferring best practice into construction. A framework is presented which ensures that effective strategies are deployed to form the performance management system that construction organizations can adopt. The performance measurement process (conceptual) framework (PMPF) adopts the balanced scorecard (BSC) with the addition of a number of elements and perspectives. It rationalizes the relationships between performance measures and goals derived from strategy, so the impact of those measures on an organization's performance can be examined and analysed to indicate potential areas for improvement
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE

389 Spasticity in disorders of consciousness: a behavioral study spasticity and pain scores highlights the importance of pain management in these patients with altered states of consciousness. Finally, the relationship between spasticity and treatment (i.e., pharmacological and physical therapy) should be further investigated in order to improve clinical care. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact. Managing spasticity at first signs could improve rehabilitation of patients with disorders of consciousness and maximize their chances of recovery. In addition, decreasing this trouble could allow a better quality of life for these non-communicative patients. S pasticity is defined as a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone. 1 This is a serious complication to brain injury, often accompanied by dyski-Background. Spasticity is a frequent complication after severe brain injury, which may impede the rehabilitation process and diminish the patients' quality of life. Aim. We here investigate the presence of spasticity in a population of non-communicative patients with disorders of consciousness. We also evaluate the correlation between spasticity and potential factors of co-morbidity, frequency of physical therapy, time since insult, presence of pain, presence of tendon retrac-tion, etiology and diagnosis. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. University Hospital of Liège, Belgium. Population. Sixty-five patients with chronic (>3 months post insult) disorders of consciousness were included (22 women; mean age: 44±14 y; 40 with traumatic etiology; 40 in a minimally conscious state; time since insult: 39±37 months). Methods. Spasticity was measured with the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and pain was assessed using the Nociception Coma Scale-Revised (NCS-R). Results. Out of 65 patients, 58 demonstrated signs of spasticity (89%; MAS≥1), including 40 who showed severe spasticity (61.5%; MAS≥3). Patients with spastici-ty receiving anti-spastic medication were more spastic than unmedicated patients. A negative correlation was observed between the severity of spasticity and the frequency of physical therapy. MAS scores correlated positively with time since injury and NCS-R scores. We did not observe a difference of spasticity between the diagnoses. Conclusion. A large proportion of patients with disorders of consciousness develop severe spasticity, possibly affecting their functional recovery and their quality of life. The observed correlation between degrees of
For the People: American Populist Movements from the Revolution to the 1850s

ContentsAcknowledgments 1 Introduction: Populisms, Progressive and Reactionary 2 The American Revolution and the Anti-Federalist Legacy 3 The Taming of the American Revolution 4 The Rise of New Social Movements 5 Anti-Masonry: A New Kind of Populist Movement 6 Anti-Masonry: Progressive and Reactionary 7 Anti-Masonry, the Parties, and the Changing Public Sphere 8 Two "Wars" of the 1840s 9 Epilogue and Prologue: The Know-Nothings Notes Index
T D C C T O  Q S

A quorum system is a collection of subsets of nodes, called quorums, with the property that each pair of quorums have a non-empty intersection. Quorum systems are the key mathematical abstraction for ensuring consistency in fault-tolerant and highly available distributed computing. This paper is a brief overview of the evolution of quorum systems, with emphasis on their role in two fundamental applications: distributed storage and repli-cation.
Türkçe ve Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Yazılı Anlatım Çalışmalarını Düzeltme ve Değerlendirme Durumları

Bu arastirmanin amaci ogretmen adaylarinin yazili anlatim calismalarini duzeltme ve degerlendirme durumlarini tespit etmektir. Arastirma Turkce ve Sinif ogretmeni adaylari uzerinde yapilmistir. Arastirmada veri toplama amaciyla “ Bilgilendirici ve Oykuleyici Metinleri Degerlendirme Formu” kullanilmistir. Verilerin cozumlenmesi amaciyla yuzde ve frekans analizlerinden yararlanilmistir. Sonuc olarak ogretmen adaylarinin bilgilendirici ve oykuleyici metinleri duzeltme ve degerlendirme acisindan yeterli duzeyde olmadiklari tespit edilmistir
Low-output-impedance 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS sub-bandgap reference

A 0.6 mum CMOS sub-bandgap reference circuit, the output voltage of which is, unlike reported in the literature, concurrently low voltage and low output impedance, is presented. Experimental measurements verify that the proposed circuit, which produces a first-order temperature-compensated reference voltage of 890 my sources up to 5 mA of load current and rejects noise by a factor of 30.8-8.1 dB at 500 kHz- 4 MHz, neither of which feature is achieved by state-of-the-art sub-bandgap circuits.