Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rendering by Tuning the Frequency and Amplitude of Single Tone Vibrotactile Feedback

When a ﬁnger moves on a surface of a material, textural information is perceived via the sensory receptors. Although the texture rendering is still not very clear phenomenon, it has become a emerging topic in surface haptics recently. However, it is known that even providing a single tone sinusoidal vibration on a tactile display creates considerable haptic feedback. In this study, a new method is proposed for texture rendering using a single tone vibrotactile feedback. Using a magnitude estimation method, the subjects tuned the frequency and intensity of single tone sinusoidal vibration on a tactile display to seek the most similar sensation for the several fabric textures. The results show that one single tone vibrotactile signal can be used to distinguish the textile textures on a tactile surface. Based on the ANOVA tests, using a mean of the deﬁned frequency for each texture has the main contribution to distinguish the textures.
Review on Photo and video sharing privacy based on multiclass classifier in OSN

- Message sharing, photo sharing video sharing are the important aspects of online social network. Sharing such data requires security. There need to have a system that provide security to such shared data based on the content of post. Post may have different format such as text, image, video etc. There should be some mechanism that enables the user to participate in decision making activity of his/her photo and video sharing on any users wall. By analyzing post data and based on user policies decision can be taken to share or block the content. In case of multimedia data System automatically detects the user form shared images and video using efficient facial recognition FR technique. In this paper I am analyzing multiple systems and their contribution in this OSN security domain.
The Anglican Cathedral of the Holy Cross in Zambian Church History

Using the representations of the Anglican Cathedral of the Holy Cross in the media, this article retrieves the Cathedral’s role in public life in Zambian church history in order to tease out its significance in post-independence Zambia. In drawing on a case study and social capital theory, the article shows that the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, as a pre-independence religious building, was represented as a national house of worship, a heritage site and a political shrine. By this, it was a national worship space that played a role in hosting functions of varied nature, and a symbol of religious heritage. As a political shrine, the Cathedral was a space for guiding the nation and fostering reconciliation in the critical political moments of the country. These representations not only revealed the dynamics of the church’s role, but also closely aligned to the Cathedral’s social capital in public life through the intersection of the church and state relations in post-independence Zambia. The article argues that the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, although not a popular aspect of Zambian contemporary church history, was a religious, material cultural site and a space that allowed the church to contribute to post-independence church history in the country.
Expertise Diversity, Informal Leadership Hierarchy, and Team Knowledge Creation: A study of pharmaceutical research collaborations

Knowledge creation increasingly requires experts from diverse domains to collaborate in teams, yet the effect of expertise diversity on team knowledge creation is inconclusive. We focus on task uncertainty and informal leadership hierarchies – the disparity in team members’ engagement in leadership activities (task- and relationship-oriented) – to answer the questions when and why expertise diversity may hinder team knowledge creation. We develop a model in which informal leadership hierarchy mediates the conditional indirect effect of the team’s expertise diversity on its knowledge creation under different levels of task uncertainty. We test this moderated mediation model using multi-source data from self-managing project teams comprising collaborators from a pharmaceutical company and its research partners. We find that when task uncertainty is low, the indirect effect of expertise diversity on team knowledge creation is positive, whereas when task uncertainty is high, it is negative. This conditional indirect effect occurs via task-oriented but not relationship-oriented leadership hierarchy. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms and boundary conditions for expertise diversity to hinder, rather than facilitate, knowledge creation in collaborations.
Climate change and hunter-gatherers in montane eastern DR Congo

ABSTRACT Mountain environments experience more rapid changes in temperature than lower elevations. However, little is known about the climatic changes already observed in African mountains, or the adaptation strategies used by hunter-gatherer communities. Semi-structured interviews were administered to 100 Twa hunter-gatherers living around Mt Kahuzi in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo). We also organized 10 focus-group discussions with Tembo farmers living in the same area and we gathered historical data from Kamembe meteorological station. Twa respondents perceived reduced rainfall and fog, and increased temperatures. They also reported several impacts including reduced crop yields and abundance of forest products (caterpillars, mushrooms, honey). Tembo perceptions of climatic changes and impacts agreed with the Twa. Meteorological data available shows reduced rainfall and increased temperatures – but there are no records on fog. Despite being aware of climatic changes and impacts, Twa are not using any adaptation strategy, while Tembo farmers are using some (as they own land for farming or animal rearing, and are more business minded). For the Twa, their socioeconomic condition create high sensitivity to climate change and constrain adaptive capacity. For the Twa, we recommend the use of ‘science with society’ (SWS) participatory approach.
An error efficient and low complexity approximate multi‐bit adder for image processing applications

Approximate computing‐based hardware is directed towards reduction in area and power consumption; it finds better suitability in various image processing applications. In order to achieve low complexity, approximate techniques are applied in the arithmetic units which provide promising results in enhancing the performance of DSP processors with optimal degradation on its accuracy. In this paper, two approximate full adder designs are proposed, namely, the first design as proposed approximate full adder 1 (PAA1) and the second design as proposed approximate full adder 2 (PAA2). In both the designs, the approximation on the Boolean expressions is carried out to reduce the hardware complexity with the significant tolerance on the error rate. Also, a multi‐bit approximate carry select adder is proposed with the utilization of PAA1 and PAA2, respectively. The performance of the proposed adders is analyzed in terms of parameters like gate count, structural synthesis, error, and also in terms of image metrics. The proposed and existing designs are synthesized using Synopsys Design Compiler with TSMC 65 nm technology for better comparison. Synthesis results indicate that the proposed 16‐bit approximate carry select adder (CSLA) shows a significant reduction of 58% in area delay product and 70% in power delay product, in comparison with the conventional CSLA. The image metrics results also validate that the proposed adder with highest peak signal‐to‐noise ratio is highly adoptable for image processing applications.
Can Voluntary Insurance ensure risk-free digital-banking in Chinese-economy: seeking attentions?

ABSTRACT In today’s business-world, services are carried out in a competitive manner country-wise such as China. Banking services are no different, which has resulted digital-banking. Bank Laws regulated by Central-Bank of China are characterized by evolving many factors that are often unpredictable. It faces serious pitfalls being it riskiness. Most cases, customers don’t read terms & conditions of services. Customers don’t save contract-copy. These weaknesses cause abuses. Customer faces perceived-risk. Dealing with challenges in Chinese-economy, application of Akim’s model - Voluntary Insurance (VI) can be impetus for policy-design, which can increase number of users. Welfare Analyses are used for guidance on setting insurance-price ensuring customer’s efficiency-cost so that the VI becomes appealing to parties involved. It can lead to higher number-of-users. In scenario, bank itself is an insurance-seller, the existence of adverse-selection is detected. Here estimated welfare-cost associated with inefficient-pricing created by adverse-selection is quantitatively small; however, advantageous-selection results opposite. Welfare assessment under alternative policy intervention in Chinese-economy will be vital for future-study.
Challenges of online education /distance learning for university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observation from Bangladesh

Following the spread of COVID-19, online education/distance learning (OE/DL) was opted by the governments across the world. However, many challenges remained unexplored as OE/DL was quite an unfamiliar teaching approach, particularly in Bangladesh. This study was aimed at identifying the major challenges of OE/DL in Bangladesh from the perspectives of students. Data for this web-based cross-sectional study were collected using an e-questionnaire based on Google Form. Out of 451 initial responses, 419 were retained based on some specifications. The univariate analyses identified the financial, technical, and pedagogical issues as major problems. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis suggest a two-factor solution – ‘financial-technical obstacles’ and ‘pedagogical obstacles’ – with overall good reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.881; McDonald’s ω = 0.880). The two-factors, with strong intercorrelation (r = 0.552), meet the criteria of discriminant validity. To overcome the shortfalls of OE/DL in Bangladesh, inclusiveness with sustainable educational and infrastructural approaches was recommended.
ESTIMATION AND MAPPING OF ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS OF MANGROVE FOREST USING ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 IN BENOA BAY, BALI, INDONESIA

Mangrove forests are distributed in limited areas around along costlines, but they play important role in carbon fixation and carbon storafe in the tropic areas. Mangrove forests are a transitional ecosystem between land-based oceans, most of which are wellknown along the tropic and subtropical coastlines. Mangrove ecosystems have an ecological function as an absorber and storage of carbon in the form of biomass. Remote sensing technology can include data spatially and temporally. This makes it easy to predict the overall extent and carbon stock. So that in the context of sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems it can be utilized to monitor mangrove carbon balance and become the basis for policy development. The objective of this study was to determine the potential above ground biomass model from ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 data in mangrove forests of Benoa Bay, Bali. In this research, the filter used is frost filtering. AGB model was constructesd by using dual-polarization L-band SAR of ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 data and field inventory plots. 40 plots were collected in the field and the allometric equation. The prediction model for aboveground biomass potential based on the ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 image on HV polarization in the mangrove Benoa Bay area, the correlation value (r) of 0.82, the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.68. Validation model aboveground biomass-based, correlation value (r) of 0.90, the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.82, and RMSE of ± 39.85. The potential of aboveground biomass and carbon stock in the mangrove Benoa Bay area is 364,241.87 Mg and 171,193.67 Mg C with the ability to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) of 628,280.81 Mg CO2 Sequestration same with 3 bottles in 2020.
Searching for new predators of the invasive Halyomorpha halys: the role of the black garden ant Lasius niger

In recent years, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae, Cappaeini) has become an invasive pest in North America and Europe, where it caused extensive damage to agriculture, resulting in great economic losses. Evaluating the potential of native predators in the invaded areas, ants might represent good candidates thanks to their biology, ecology, and behavior. In Italy, H. halys proved to be the top key pest in pear orchards, where the black garden ant, Lasius niger (L.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Lasiini), is the most abundant ant species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predatory ability of L. niger on the eggs and on all the juvenile instars of H. halys under laboratory conditions. The results indicate that L. niger significantly reduces the survival of the second and third nymphal instars by 56 and 58%, respectively, but it is unable to reduce the egg hatching and the survival of the first, fourth, and fifth instars. Our preliminary results obtained in laboratory conditions suggest a possible role of the ant L. niger in controlling H. halys invasion mainly acting on the smaller and more mobile nymphal stages. The effective role of this species as potential biocontrol agents of H. halys in fruit orchards in association with other ant species as well as with other predatory insects is discussed.
A Hybrid Chemical Based Metaheuristic Approach for a Vaccine Cold Chain Network

One year ago, the coronavirus (COVID-19) virus began spreading around the world. Vaccines have now been developed by a variety companies from different countries. Vaccines must be stored in good condition within cold boxes designed to keep vaccines within acceptable temperature ranges. This paper proposes a hybrid algorithm based on a chemical reaction called Hybrid Artificial Chemical Reaction Optimization Algorithm (HACROA) which has been used to design a vaccine cold chain network in northern Thailand. The scope of this research is to focus on the Office of Disease Prevention and Control Area 1 (Chiang Mai, Thailand). The objective of this research is to rearrange routes to minimize total travel distances. Experiments were conducted to compare the efficiency of the hybrid algorithm with other algorithms in term of the distance. The optimal parameters of the algorithm employed a statistical experiment theory namely full factorial design. Experiment design and analysis were adopted to investigate the factors that affect the performance of this algorithm. HACROA was able to rearrange routes and found a better solution than the other algorithms.
Wideband Gain Enhancement of High-Isolation Fabry–Pérot Antenna Array With Tandem Circular Parasitic Patches and Radial Gradient PRS

A high-isolation Fabry–Pérot (FP) antenna array with wide bandwidth and high gain is proposed for Ku-band vehicle satellite communications. Each antenna element consists of a pair of tandem circular parasitic patches (TCPPs), a radial gradient partially reflective surface (PRS), and a reflector, respectively, separated from the ground plane with a double-dumbbell-shaped slot (DDSS) by air layer and foam dielectric. The slot radiator steers the TCPPs to create multiple resonant frequencies and then the impedance bandwidth is widened. The impedance matching could be improved by adjusting four circular slot diameters of the DDSS. The gain is raised by TCPPs and radial gradient PRS, which function to guide the electromagnetic field and uniformize the aperture near-field, successively. The reflector with several resonator elements is used to reduce the backside radiation. As proof of concept, the FP antenna array prototype with a height of $0.613\lambda _{0}$ has been fabricated and measurements confirming simulations are provided. Experimental results show that the impedance bandwidth ranges from 13.48 to 16.95 GHz [22.8% fractional bandwidth (FBW)], and the realized gain is up to 21.59 dBi. A decoupling metallic strip could achieve over 40.8 dB isolation. The proposed antenna element is easily extended for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and beamforming antennas, further improving the directivity.
Overview of tuberculosis in Animals in Nigeria

Tuberculosis of animal origin is currently in the increase, especially in the developing countries like Nigeria where animals and man share microenvironment together coupled with lack of proper control measures. The disease due to Mycobacterium bovis has zoonotic implication. Systematic methodology was adopted where peer-reviewed, scholarly journals in Scopus, PubMed, Google search engines were used. The articles used were on studies in Nigeria and elsewhere and that were published in Nigeria and other parts of the world. It is therefore important to have adequate control programmes, proper food hygienic practices and collaborations between Veterinary and Human Medical Personnel in order to control and later eradicate the disease. The objective of this manuscript was to review the work of earlier workers on tuberculosis in animals and to a certain extent its impact on humans. There is also the need to educate the populace on the dangers of the disease in both human and animals. ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
The Strategic Bias: How Journalists Respond to Antimedia Populism

As populist campaigns against the media become increasingly common around the world, it is ever more urgent to explore how journalists adopt and respond to them. Which strategies have journalists developed to maintain the public's trust, and what may be the implications for democracy? These questions are addressed using a thematic analysis of forty-five semistructured interviews with leading Israeli journalists who have been publicly targeted by Israel's Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu. The article suggests that while most interviewees asserted that adherence to objective reporting was the best response to antimedia populism, many of them have in fact applied a “strategic bias” to their reporting, intentionally leaning to the Right in an attempt to refute the accusations of media bias to the Left. This strategy was shaped by interviewees' perceived helplessness versus Israel's Prime Minister and his extensive use of social media, a phenomenon called here “the influence of presumed media impotence. ” Finally, this article points at the potential ramifications of strategic bias for journalism and democracy. Drawing on Hallin's Spheres theory, it claims that the strategic bias might advance Right-wing populism at present, while also narrowing the sphere of legitimate controversy—thus further restricting press freedom—in the future.
Reexamining the connection of El Niño and North American winter climate

According to the ENSO amplitude and the zonal gradient in sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) between eastern and western Pacific, three types of El Niño are classified. The greater than average amplitude events are considered to be the strong El Niño (SEN), which commonly exhibits a salient zonal gradient over the Pacific and the surface warming in the Indian Ocean. The large‐scale atmospheric anomalies of SEN correspond to a typical Pacific‐North America teleconnection propagating along the great circle route over North Pacific‐North America (NP‐NA), resulting in a warm winter in northern NA but an opposite condition over southern NA. The less than average amplitude events are weak El Niños, which can be subdivided according to the zonal gradient of Pacific. The strong gradient weak El Niño shows an SEN‐like SSTA distribution within the Pacific, which induces an intensified Aleutian low and a negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) anomaly. As a result, a cold (warm) T2m pattern is observed over southeastern NA (eastern Canada). The weak gradient weak El Niño, featuring a warmer than normal SST anomalies pattern along the equatorial Indian Ocean and central to eastern Pacific, generates an eastward propagating wave train from North Pacific to the eastern North American continent that results in a meridional seesaw T2m anomalies pattern over the NA continent. Interestingly, the T2m anomalies over NA for three types of El Niño correspond to the three leading modes of NA winter T2m variability. In addition, the above ENSO teleconnections can be reproduced through a series of numerical experiments.
Strengthening democracy and increasing political participation in Liberia: Does civil society density matter?

ABSTRACT One way civil society strengthens democracy is by facilitating political participation. Established literature, for example, demonstrates that individuals with greater associational involvement are more likely to engage in politics. There is growing critique of this micro-level focus, however, and increasing acknowledgment that civil society impacts political participation not just at the individual level, but also at the organizational and structural level. This study helps address this critique by assessing whether civil society density, a structural-level characteristic, impacts political participation in Liberia. Using Round 6 Afrobarometer data, combined with a county-level civil society density measure, I test the relationship between civil society density and six forms of political participation, including conventional forms of participation such as voting, communing, and contacting, and unconventional forms such as participation in demonstrations/protests. How does civil society density influence these various forms of political participation? Does civil society density stimulate or inhibit conventional forms of activity such as voting? How about less conventional forms, such as demonstration/protest? Findings suggest higher civil society density in Liberia reduces a citizen’s propensity towards some forms of participation, including contacting a government official, contacting the media, refusing to pay taxes and fees, and participating in demonstrations and protests.
Thermal Analyses of Reactor under High-Power and High-Frequency Square Wave Voltage Based on Improved Thermal Network Model

In order to quickly calculate the stable temperature of a reactor driven by high-frequency and high-power pulse voltage, an improved thermal network model suitable for a reactor under this condition is established in this paper. In power electronic equipment, the maximum temperature of the reactor is usually concentrated in its internal core. Moreover, with the increasing demand of high-power density in power electronic devices, the structure design of the reactor is more compact, and the internal magnetic field will affect the accuracy of the temperature-measuring device. Therefore, it is difficult to measure the internal temperature rise of the reactor directly. However, its stable operating temperature could be analyzed by the thermal network modeling methods and heat transfer analysis tool. Therefore, a convenient and accurate thermal network model of the reactor under high-frequency and high-power square wave voltage is established by considering the equivalent thermal resistance of the winding, the three-dimensional geometrical effect of the core and the effect of the high-frequency repeated pulse stress on the thermal penetration depth. Additionally, the internal temperature of the reactor can be obtained through the external temperature in terms of the presented model. To verify the feasibility of the thermal network model, the corresponding multiphysical field finite element simulation and the reactor temperature measurement platform is built. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed thermal network model has a high precision and fast calculation speed, and it is an effective tool for thermal analysis of the reactor.