Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Deep Reinforcement Learning in Reconfiguration Control of Aircraft Anti-Skid Braking System

The aircraft anti-skid braking system (AABS) plays an important role in aircraft taking off, taxiing, and safe landing. In addition to the disturbances from the complex runway environment, potential component faults, such as actuators faults, can also reduce the safety and reliability of AABS. To meet the increasing performance requirements of AABS under fault and disturbance conditions, a novel reconfiguration controller based on linear active disturbance rejection control combined with deep reinforcement learning was proposed in this paper. The proposed controller treated component faults, external perturbations, and measurement noise as the total disturbances. The twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm (TD3) was introduced to realize the parameter self-adjustments of both the extended state observer and the state error feedback law. The action space, state space, reward function, and network structure for the algorithm training were properly designed, so that the total disturbances could be estimated and compensated for more accurately. The simulation results validated the environmental adaptability and robustness of the proposed reconfiguration controller.
Shape reconstruction methods with incomplete data

Linearized inverse scattering methods are applied to the shape reconstruction of defects in elastic solids. The linearized methods are based on the Born approximation in the low frequency range and the Kirchhoff approximation in the high frequency range. The experimental measurement is performed to collect the scattering data from defects. The processed data from the measurement are fed into the linearized methods and the shape of the defect is reconstructed by two linearized methods. The importance of scattering data in the low frequency range is pointed out not only for Born inversion but also for Kirchhoff inversion. In the ultrasonic measurement for the real structure, the access points of the sensor may be limited to one side of the structural surfaces and a part of the surface. From the viewpoint of application, the incomplete scattering data are used as inputs for the shape reconstruction methods and the effect of the sensing points are discussed.
Swift observations of the March 2011 outburst of the cataclysmic variable NSV 1436: a probable dwarf nova (Research Note)

The March 2011 outburst of the poorly-studied cataclysmic variable NSV 1436 offered an opportunity to decide between dwarf nova and recurrent nova classifications. We use seven daily observations in the X-ray and UV by the Swift satellite, together with AAVSO V photometry, to characterise the outburst and decline behaviour. The short optical outburst coincided with a faint and relatively soft X-ray state, whereas in decline to fainter optical magnitudes the X-ray source was harder and brighter. These attributes, and the modest optical outburst amplitude, indicate that this was a dwarf nova outburst and not a recurrent nova. The rapid optical fading suggests an orbital period below 2 hours.
Plant-Derived Sulforaphane Suppresses Growth and Proliferation of Drug-Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Bladder Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro

Simple Summary The natural compound sulforaphane is highly popular among tumor patients, since it is suggested to prevent oncogenesis and cancer progression. However, knowledge about its precise mode of action, particularly when drug resistance has been established, remains poor. The present study demonstrates the proliferation-blocking effects of SFN on a panel of drug-resistant bladder cancer cell lines. Abstract Combined cisplatin–gemcitabine (GC) application is standard for treating muscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, since rapid resistance to treatment often develops, many patients turn to supplements in the form of plant-based compounds. Sulforaphane (SFN), derived from cruciferous vegetables, is one such compound, and the present study was designed to investigate its influence on growth and proliferation in a panel of drug-sensitive bladder cancer cell lines, as well as their gemcitabine- and cisplatin-resistant counterparts. Chemo-sensitive and -resistant RT4, RT112, T24, and TCCSUP cell lines were exposed to SFN in different concentrations, and tumor growth, proliferation, and clone formation were evaluated, in addition to apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Means of action were investigated by assaying cell-cycle-regulating proteins and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)/AKT signaling cascade. SFN significantly inhibited growth, proliferation, and clone formation in all four tumor cell lines. Cells were arrested in the G2/M and/or S phase, and alteration of the CDK–cyclin axis was closely associated with cell growth inhibition. The AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was deactivated in three of the cell lines. Acetylation of histone H3 was up-regulated. SFN, therefore, does exert tumor-suppressive properties in cisplatin- and gemcitabine-resistant bladder cancer cells and could be beneficial in optimizing bladder cancer therapy.
A new lagrangian particle method to describe turbulent flows of fully compressible ideal gases

There are several approaches to describe flows with particles e.g. Lattice-Gas Automata (LGA), Lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) or smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). These approaches do not use fixed grids on which the Navier-Stokes equations are solved via e.g. finite volume method. The flow is simulated using a multitude of particles or particle density distributions, which interacts and due to statistical laws and an even more fundamental approach than the Navier-Stokes equation, the averaged flow variables can be derived. After a short summary of the most popular particle methods the new DMPC (Dissipative Multiple Particles Collision) approach will be presented. The DMPC-model eliminates some of the weak points of the established particle methods and shows high potential for more accurate CFD solution especially in areas where standard CFD tools still have problems (e.g. aero-acoustics). The DMPC-model deals with discrete circular particles and calculates the detailed collision process (micro scale) of several overlapping particles. With thermodynamic, statistical and similarity laws global (large scale) flow variables can be derived. The model is so far 2d and the particles can move in every direction in the 2d plane depending on the forces acting on it. The possible overlap between neighbouring particles and multi-particle interactions are important features of this model. A freeware software is developed and published under www.cfd2k. eu. There the executable, the user guide and several exemplary cases can be downloaded.
Combining plane wave expansion and variational techniques for fast phononic computations

In this paper the salient features of the Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) method and the mixed variational technique are combined for the fast eigenvalue computations of arbitrarily complex phononic unit cells. This is done by expanding the material properties in a Fourier expansion, as is the case with PWE. The required matrix elements in the variational scheme are identified as the discrete Fourier transform coefficients of material properties, thus obviating the need for any explicit integration. The process allows us to provide succinct and closed form expressions for all the matrices involved in the mixed variational method. The scheme proposed here preserves both the simplicity of expression which is inherent in the PWE method and the superior convergence properties of the mixed variational scheme. We present numerical results and comment upon the convergence and stability of the current method. We show that the current representation renders the results of the method stable over the entire range of the expansion terms as allowed by the spatial discretization. When compared with a zero order numerical integration scheme, the present method results in greater computational accuracy of all eigenvalues. A higher order numerical integration scheme comes close to the accuracy of the present method but only with significantly more computational expense.
Dynamic characteristics of cathode spots during expansion process in a vacuum arc

Cathode spot is the source of plasma and metal vapor which affects the breaking capacity of vacuum circuit breakers. In this paper, the cup-shaped axial magnetic field contacts were used and the images of cathode spots were obtained by an ultra high-speed camera in the experiment. The dynamic characteristics of cathode spots during expansion process in vacuum arc were investigated. Under the conditions of different current amplitudes, different distributions of cathode spots were observed. During the expansion process of cathode spot, there are group spots and individual spots. The group spot only occurs in the cold electrode. The electrons emission characteristics of cathode spot as a function of temperature and electric field was calculated. The formation of group spot is related to the current and electron emission of cathode spot. The cathode spots were identified by Matlab. It was found that the variation of number of cathode spots is consistent with the current. However, at different stages, the reasons for the increase in the number of cathode spots are different, such as the increase in the area of cathode spots in the initial arcing stage and the splitting of cathode spot. It was observed that the cathode spots are not completely evenly distributed on the cathode surface. The farther away from the center of the contact, the longer the distance between the cathode spots. It is mainly effected by the transverse magnetic field (TMF) which is generated by the arc column. The closer to the contact edge, the higher the TMF at the cathode spot and the higher the expansion velocity of cathode spot.
Theory of rigid-plane phonon modes in layered crystals

The lattice dynamics of low-frequency rigid-plane modes in metallic (graphene multilayers, GML) and in insulating (hexagonal boron-nitride multilayers, BNML) layered crystals is investigated. The frequencies of shearing and compression (stretching) modes depend on the layer number $\mathcal{N}$ and are presented in the form of fan diagrams. The results for GML and BNML are very similar. In both cases, only the interactions (van der Waals and Coulomb) between nearest-neighbor planes are effective, while the interactions between more distant planes are screened. A comparison with recent Raman scattering results on low-frequency shear modes in GML [Tan et al., Nat. Mater. , in press, doi:, (2012)10.1038/nmat3245] is made. Relations with the low-lying rigid-plane phonon dispersions in the bulk materials are established. Master curves, which connect the fan diagram frequencies for any given $\mathcal{N}$, are derived. Static and dynamic thermal correlation functions for rigid-layer shear and compression modes are calculated. The results might be of use for the interpretation of friction force experiments on multilayer crystals.
DISCOVERY OF FAST, LARGE-AMPLITUDE OPTICAL VARIABILITY OF V648 Car (=SS73-17)

We report on the discovery of large-amplitude flickering from V648 Car (= SS73-17), a poorly studied object listed among the very few hard X-ray-emitting symbiotic stars. We performed millimagnitude precision optical photometry with the Swope Telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory, Chile, and found that V648 Car shows large U-band variability over timescales of minutes. To our knowledge, it exhibits some of the largest flickering of a symbiotic star ever reported. Our finding supports the hypothesis that symbiotic white dwarfs producing hard X-rays are predominantly powered by accretion, rather than quasi-steady nuclear burning, and have masses close to the Chandrasekhar limit. No significant periodicity is evident from the flickering light curve. The All Sky Automated Survey long-term V light curve suggests the presence of a tidally distorted giant accreting via Roche lobe overflow, and a binary period of ∼520 days. On the basis of the outstanding physical properties of V648 Car as hinted at by its fast and long-term optical variability, as well as by its nature as a hard X-ray emitter, we therefore call for simultaneous follow-up observations in different bands, ideally combined with time-resolved optical spectroscopy.
The effect of leadership type on follower performance in Asian technology industries: the moderating effects of narcissism

ABSTRACT Many researchers are interested in the relationship between leaders and their followers, whether in the technology or nontechnology sector. However, the moderating factors of the relationship between leadership types and followers’ performance have been underexplored. This study investigates the moderating role of a leader’s narcissism in the relationship between leadership types (transformational and transactional) and follower performance in technology and nontechnology industries. We analyze the results of a survey of 46 chief executive officers and 205 followers at 46 large companies in Korea, of which 30 are in the technology sector and 16 are in nontechnology industries. The results show that a leader’s narcissism mitigates the positive relationship between transformational leadership and followers’ performance. Moreover, a leader’s narcissism strengthens the negative relationship between transactional leadership and followers’ performance. When industry type is considered, this effect remains evident only in the technology sector. These findings suggest that the moderating role of narcissism in the relationship between leadership and follower outcomes can be industry-specific. The results contribute to theoretical discussions about the relationship between leadership types and followers’ performance and its moderating factors.
Early Sensory Profile in Autism Spectrum Disorders Predicts Emotional and Behavioral Issues

Background: Abnormal sensory reactivity is considered one of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and has been associated with autism severity, poorer functional outcomes, and behavioral difficulties across the lifespan. Its early characterization could provide valuable insights into the processes favoring the instantiation of maladaptive behaviors. Objectives: The present study has two aims: (1) to describe the sensory profile of preschool children with ASD compared with an age-matched population of children with a diagnosis of language disorder (DLD) and typically developing (TD) control peers; (2) to explore within each group whether the sensory alterations play a predictive role in the instantiation of emotional and behavioral issues. Methods: The parents of 42 ASD, 18 DLD, and 56 TD filled out the Sensory Processing Measure—Preschool (SPM-P). To gather information on competencies, behaviors, and emotional problems of children, the Child Behavior Checklist 1½-5 (CBCL 1½-5) was also administered. Results: On the SPM-P, ASD and DLD samples generally had scores more compromised than control peers. The contrast between ASD and DLD was reflected in a higher (and highly significant) impairment on the social participation and hearing subscales, suggesting a greater sensitivity and a possible specificity of these scores for ASD. More importantly, linear regression analyses revealed a strong and predictive association for ASD children with SPM total scores explaining more than 50% of the variance of the CBCL 1½-5 total scores (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings reinforce the need to detect the abnormal sensory profiles of ASD already at an early stage and during clinical evaluations. Due to the impact on the emotional and behavioral manifestations, such a procedure has significant clinical and social implications, potentially guiding the development of new interventions relying on multisensory strategies.
Radial Metallicity Distribution Breaks at Corotation Radius in Spiral Galaxies

We analyzed the relation between the corotation radii and the galactic radii at which breaks or changes of slope of the metallicity gradients occur in spiral galaxies. With this purpose we compiled the results from the literature on rotation curves, corotation radii and radial metallicity distributions of 27 galaxies, of which 16 were considered qualified to be studied in the context of this work. We re-scaled all references of each galaxy to a same framework in order to compare the results and to identify the radii where breaks and changes of slopes are found, when non-linear models fit the radial metallicities better than a linear model. In most galaxies we have found minima and breaks in radial metallicity near the corotation radius, revealing a significant correlation between these two radii, as it occurs in our Galaxy. The results are interpreted as a consequence of long-lived spiral structures, in which the star-formation rate depends on the distance to the corotation radius, producing secular effects in the observed radial metallicity distributions.
On the narrow emission line components of the LMC novae 2004 (YY Doradus) and 2009a

We present early decline spectra of the two Large Magellanic Cloud novae: LMC 2004 (YY Dor) and LMC 2009a and discuss their spectral an line profile evolution with special emphasis on the existence and appearance of a sharp component. We show that the narrow component that characterizes the emission lines in the maximum spectra of nova LMC 2004 originates in the ejecta. The He ii 4686 A narrow emission which appears at the onset of the nebular phase in both novae is somewhat controversial. Our observations suggest that the corresponding line forming region is physically separated from the rest of the ejecta (the broad line region) and environmentally different. However, the lack of late time observations covering the super-soft source (SSS) phase, the post-SSS phase and the quiescence state does not allow to securely establish any non-ejecta origin/contribution as, instead, in the case of USco and KTEri.
Spectral properties of the Jacobi ensembles via the Coulomb gas approach

Using the Coulomb gas method and standard methods of statistical physics, we compute analytically the joint cumulative probability distribution of the extreme eigenvalues of the Jacobi–MANOVA ensemble of random matrices in the limit of large matrices. This allows us to derive the rate functions for the large fluctuations to the left and the right of the expected values of the smallest and largest eigenvalues analytically. Our findings are compared with some available known exact results as well as with numerical simulations finding good agreement.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF IMPULSIVELY GENERATED ALFVÉN WAVES IN SOLAR MAGNETIC ARCADES

We perform numerical simulations of impulsively generated Alfvén waves in an isolated solar arcade, which is gravitationally stratified and magnetically confined. We study numerically the propagation of Alfvén waves along the magnetic structure that extends from the lower chromosphere, where the waves are generated, to the solar corona, and analyze the influence of the arcade size and the width of the initial pulses on the wave propagation and reflection. Our model of the solar atmosphere is constructed by adopting the temperature distribution based on the semi-empirical VAL-C model and specifying the curved magnetic field lines that constitute the asymmetric magnetic arcade. The propagation and reflection of Alfvén waves in this arcade is described by 2.5-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equations that are numerically solved by the FLASH code. Our numerical simulations reveal that the Alfvén wave amplitude decreases as a result of a partial reflection of Alfvén waves in the solar transition region, and that the waves that are not reflected leak through the transition region and reach the solar corona. We also find the decrement of the attenuation time of Alfvén waves for wider initial pulses. Moreover, our results show that the propagation of Alfvén waves in the arcade is affected by the spatial dependence of the Alfvén speed, which leads to phase mixing that is stronger for more curved and larger magnetic arcades. We discuss the processes that affect the Alfvén wave propagation in an asymmetric solar arcade and conclude that besides phase mixing in the magnetic field configuration, the plasma properties of the arcade, the size of the initial pulse, and the structure of the solar transition region all play a vital role in the Alfvén wave propagation.
Fermion-sign-free Majarana-quantum-Monte-Carlo studies of quantum critical phenomena of Dirac fermions in two dimensions

Quantum critical phenomena may be qualitatively different when massless Dirac fermions are present at criticality. Using our recently-discovered fermion-sign-free Majorana quantum Monte Carlo method introduced by us in (Li et al 2015 Phys. Rev. B 91 241117), we investigate the quantum critical phenomena of spinless Dirac fermions at their charge-density-wave phase transitions on the honeycomb lattice having N s = 2 L 2 ? > sites with largest L = 24. By finite-size scaling, we accurately obtain critical exponents of this so-called Gross–Neveu chiral-Ising universality class of two (two-component) Dirac fermions in 2+1D: &eegr; = 0.45 ( 2 ) ? > , &ngr; = 0.77 ( 3 ) ? > , and β = 0.60 ( 3 ) ? > , which are qualitatively different from the mean-field results but are reasonably close to the ones obtained from renormalization group calculations.
An Update of Bovine Hemoplasmas Based on Phylogenetic and Genomics Analysis

Mycoplasma wenyonii and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos’ are bacteria that have been described as significant hemoplasmas that infect cattle worldwide. Currently, three bovine hemoplasma genomes are known. This work aimed to describe the main genomic characteristics and the evolutionary relationships between hemoplasmas, and provide a list of epitopes predicted by immunoinformatics as diagnostic candidates for bovine hemoplasmosis. Thus far, there is no vaccine to prevent this disease that economically impacts cattle production worldwide. Additionally, there is a lack of vaccines against bovine hemoplasmosis. In this work, we performed a genomic characterization of hemoplasmas, including two Mexican strains reported in bovines in the last few years. The generated information is a new scenario about the phylogeny of hemoplasmas. Also, we show genomic features among hemoplasmas that strengthen their characteristic genome plasticity of intracellular lifestyles. Finally, the elucidation of antigenic proteins in Mexican strains represents an opportunity to develop molecular detection methods and diagnoses.