Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Logic Approach for Maximum Power Point Tracking Implemented in a Real Time Photovoltaic System

Photovoltaic (PV) panels are devices capable of converting solar energy to electrical without emissions generation, and can last for several years as there are no moving parts involved. The best performance can be achieved through maximum power point tracking (MPPT), which is challenging because it requires a sophisticated design, since the solar energy fluctuates throughout the day. The PV used in this research provided a low output voltage and, therefore, a boost-converter with a non-linear control law was implemented to reach a suitable end-used voltage. The main contribution of this research is a novel MPPT method based on a voltage reference estimator (VRE) combined with a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in order to obtain the maximum power from the PV panel. This structure was implemented in a dSpace 1104 board for a commercial PV panel, PEIMAR SG340P. The scheme was compared with a conventional perturbation and observation (P&O) and with a sliding mode controller (SMC), where the outcomes demonstrated the superiority of the proposed advanced method.
Host specificity and interaction networks of insects feeding on seeds and fruits in tropical rainforests

In the tropics, antagonistic seed predation networks may have different properties than mutualistic pollination and seed dispersal networks, but the former have been considerably less studied. We tested whether the structure of antagonistic tripartite networks composed of host plants, insects developing within seeds and fruits, and their insect parasitoids could be predicted from plant phylogenetic distance and plant traits. We considered subsets of the networks (‘subnetworks') at three rainforest locations (Panama, Thailand, Papua New Guinea), based on insect families, plant families or plant functional groups. We recorded 3197 interactions and observed a low percentage of realized interactions, especially in Panama, where insect host specificity was higher than in Thailand or New Guinea. Several factors may explain this, including insect faunal composition, incidence of dry fruits, high fruit production and high occurrence of Fabaceae at the Panamanian site. Host specificity was greater among seed-eaters than pulp-eaters and for insects feeding on dry fruits as opposed to insects feeding on fleshy fruits. Plant species richness within plant families did not influence insect host specificity, but site characteristics may be important in this regard. Most subnetworks were extremely specialized, such as those including Tortricidae and Bruchinae in Panama. Plant phylogenetic distance, plant basal area and plant traits (fruit length, number of seeds per fruit) had important effects on several network statistics in regressions weighted by sampling effort. A path analysis revealed a weak direct influence of plant phylogenetic distance on parasitoid richness, indicating limited support for the ‘nasty host hypothesis'. Our study emphasizes the duality between seed dispersal and seed predation networks in the tropics, as key plant species differ and host specificity tends to be low in the former and higher in the latter. This underlines the need to study both types of networks for sound practices of forest regeneration and conservation.
YPAR Dreams Deferred? Examining Power Bases for YPAR to Impact Policy and Practice

Practitioners and scholars have argued that youth participatory action research (YPAR) challenges systemic injustice in education, as youth and adults research mechanisms of oppression and propose recommendations. However, oftentimes YPAR does not lead to new policies, as institutional decision-makers ignore youth’s moral pleas and empirical evidence. In this conceptual article, we propose a consideration of the ways in which YPAR can mobilize power bases using youth organizing and institutionally sanctioned decision-making. We argue that being attuned to power bases provides YPAR groups a more reliable means, in comparison to moral pleas, to move from YPAR findings to shifts in policy and practice.
Is the demographic dividend diminishing in China? Evidence from population aging and economic growth during 1990–2015

Funding information the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: 71703044; Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of China, Grant/Award Number: 17YJC790115 Abstract This paper presents new empirical evidence on the effect of population aging on economic growth in China. Aging is widely assumed to impact economic growth by shaping the labor market performance and human capital. Using an interactive fixed effects model and a provincial panel data set during 1990– 2015, and also exploiting the predicted provincebyyear variation in population aging fraction as an instrument, we examine the impact of population aging on the growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, labor force ratio, and labor productivity. The results show that a 10% increase in the fraction of the population aged 65+ decreases the growth rate of GDP per capita by approximately 2%. Furthermore, channel decomposition shows that half of the decrease is due to slower growth of the labor force ratio, whereas the rest may be due to slower productivity growth. In addition, the negative effect of aging on GDP growth is more substantial after the year 2000, and the effect of aging on the labor force ratio and productivity shows different patterns during different periods.
Demonstration of high-responsivity epitaxial β-Ga2O3/GaN metal–heterojunction-metal broadband UV-A/UV-C detector

We demonstrate epitaxial β-Ga2O3/GaN-based vertical metal–heterojunction-metal (MHM) broadband UV-A/UV-C photodetectors with high responsivity (3.7 A/W) at 256 and 365 nm, UV-to-visible rejection >103, and a photo-to-dark current ratio of ∼100. A small (large) conduction (valence) band offset at the heterojunction of pulsed laser deposition (PLD)-grown β-Ga2O3 on metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)-grown GaN-on-silicon with epitaxial registry, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) azimuthal scanning, is exploited to realize detectors with an asymmetric photoresponse and is explained with one-dimensional (1D) band diagram simulations. The demonstrated novel vertical MHM detectors on silicon are fully scalable and promising for enabling focal plane arrays for broadband ultraviolet sensing.
SELF-REGULATED LEARNING AND DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: ITS’ EFFECT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT DURING THE PANDEMIC

The unprecedented changes in the education sector due to the recent pandemic demand teachers and students to adapt to new ways of learning via online platforms. A plethora of latest research has investigated various topics such as online learning platforms, online learning materials, and teacher/student perceptions; however, little is known about the link between online learning and achievement. Occupying this lacuna, this study specifically sought to examine the relationship between self-regulated learning (SRL), the digital learning environment, and student’ academic achievement during the pandemic. The population of this research was 1,800 students (freshmen, sophomore, junior, and senior class) enrolled for the Introduction to Management course at a state university in Bandung, Indonesia. Selected using a proportionate random sampling, 317 students participated as the respondents. The data were collected through questionnaire surveys, while the Structural Equation Model (SEM) was employed to analyze the interrelationship among the construct variables. The results of this study show that promoting SRL may affect the optimization of the digital learning environment and academic achievements. Students with better self-regulated learning ability can somehow optimize their digital learning environment and be more progressive in terms of academic achievement.
The Architecture of the Southern Puna Magmatic System: Integrating Seismic and Petrologic Observations With Geochemical Modeling

Improvements in geochemical, petrologic, and geophysical methods and data have led to a paradigm‐shift in understanding magmatic system architecture away from isolated magmatic chambers toward transcrustal “mushy” magmatic systems. Geochemical and petrologic studies indicate that magma storage and differentiation occurs over a range of depths throughout the crust, while geophysical techniques delineate in situ spatial distributions of melt at similar scales. However, seismic properties are nonunique with respect to composition and melt percentage, and must be integrated with geochemical observations to better understand the architecture and chemical evolution of magmatic systems. The southern Puna Plateau represents a locality where extensive geochemical and seismic data can be combined to investigate the role of depth‐dependent processes in generating compositionally diverse volcanism. By combining geochemical modeling with seismic images of shear‐wave velocity and attenuation, we find that magma storage and differentiation occurs predominantly at two depth ranges: (a) near the base of the crust (>40 km), where shear‐wave velocities are anomalously slow compared to what is expected (<4.0 km/s) and geochemical signatures indicate fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation in the garnet stability field, and (b) in the mid‐crust (∼20 km) beneath the Cerro Galan Caldera, where shear‐wave velocities necessitate the presence of melt (∼2.7 km/s) and europium (Eu) anomalies indicate low‐pressure differentiation. These geochemical and seismic results provide evidence for multi‐level melt evolution and are consistent with petrological features of exposed arcs, whose transcrustal architecture is characterized by discrete and compositionally evolved intrusive bodies in the mid‐crust and a compositionally heterogeneous lower crust.
Degree of Awareness and the Antecedents of the Digital Media Platform: The Case of Mobile Wallets

Digitalization—a technology-driven innovation—is shaping the future of the economy and society at large. The impact of digitalization on digital payment industry has been phenomenal. The purpose of this article is (i) to examine the degree of awareness associated with mobile wallets and its relationship with demographic variables and (ii) to build a logistic model to predict the attitude towards mobile wallet using a group of antecedents. A total of 744 responses were obtained. Convenience and purposive sampling were used. The results show that 69% of the respondents had high awareness level with respect to mobile wallets. Further, it was found that out of the various demographic variables under consideration only gender, occupation and income significantly impact awareness levels. It was also revealed that awareness levels, perceived usefulness, trust, security and lifestyle compatibility are strong and significant predictors of attitude towards mobile wallets. The predictive ability of the model as is 89.11%, which is satisfactory. This study provides a framework for academicians to understand awareness, user behaviours and attitude related to mobile wallets. It can also guide mobile service providers to focus on important factors affecting user’s adoption decision.
Analysing the risk tolerance levels of stokvel investors

Abstract Stokvels (globally known as credit unions) as an investment alternative has been one of the most profitable informal investment products. Yet, it is not recognised as a formal investment product due to the large risk attached to its informal investment process. For this reason, it is pertinent to analyse the propensity to take risk of investors who choose to invest in stokvels compared to other investment products. Therefore, to profile stock investors, this paper aimed to analyse the risk tolerance levels of investors investing in stokvels based on their demographical factors. In terms of the demographics of the investors, the results of this study were similar to those of previous studies indicating a higher risk tolerance level for male investors, younger individual investors and those in high-income brackets. In aggregate, it was found that the majority of participants were willing to take average financial and investment risk with the expectation of earning average returns, therefore can be classified as risk-averse or conservative. Furthermore, it was found that investors investing in stokvels had the highest propensity to take on financial risk compared to all other investment product choices, especially those investing in government bonds. This will aid in the creation of investment offerings that investment companies offer to stokvel members, in range with their risk tolerance levels and possible investment objectives. This will be a step in the right direction of making stokvels safer for members and more profitable for investment companies.
Greater Yellowstone climate assessment: past, present, and future climate change in greater Yellowstone watersheds

The Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) is one of the last remaining large and nearly intact temperate ecosystems on Earth (Reese 1984; NPSa undated). GYA was originally defined in the 1970s as the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, which encompassed the minimum range of the grizzly bear (Schullery 1992). The boundary was enlarged through time and now includes about 22 million acres (8.9 million ha) in northwestern Wyoming, south central Montana, and eastern Idaho. Two national parks, five national forests, three wildlife refuges, 20 counties, and state and private lands lie within the GYA boundary. GYA also includes the Wind River Indian Reservation, but the region is the historical home to several Tribal Nations. Federal lands managed by the US Forest Service, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service amount to about 64% (15.5 million acres [6.27 million ha] or 24,200 square miles [62,700 km2]) of the land within the GYA. The federal lands and their associated wildlife, geologic wonders, and recreational opportunities are considered the GYA’s most valuable economic asset. GYA, and especially the national parks, have long been a place for important scientific discoveries, an inspiration for creativity, and an important national and international stage for fundamental discussions about the interactions of humans and nature (e.g., Keiter and Boyce 1991; Pritchard 1999; Schullery 2004; Quammen 2016). Yellowstone National Park, established in 1872 as the world’s first national park, is the heart of the GYA. Grand Teton National Park, created in 1929 and expanded to its present size in 1950, is located south of Yellowstone National Park1 and is dominated by the rugged Teton Range rising from the valley of Jackson Hole. The Gallatin-Custer, Shoshone, Bridger-Teton, Caribou-Targhee, and Beaverhead-Deerlodge national forests encircle the two national parks and include the highest mountain ranges in the region. The National Elk Refuge, Red Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge, and Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge also lie within GYA.
Decomposition approach for solving large-scale spatially disaggregated economic equilibrium problems

Abstract This paper employs the Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition procedure to solve large-scale economic equilibrium problems formulated as nonlinear programs with block-diagonal linear constraints, where each block characterizes the supply possibilities in a region, and a set of unifying constraints that characterize the supply-demand balances. We derive lower and upper bounds for the value of the objective function at each step of the decomposition procedure, and use the percentage deviation between the two bounds as guidance for terminating the iterations to obtain an approximation of the equilibrium solution. Our computational results with moderate-size problems show that the decomposition procedure can reduce the solution time substantially compared to the direct solution approach without using decomposition. We present a large-scale empirical application where the impacts of the US biofuel mandates on agricultural and transportation fuel sectors were analyzed. Two powerful optimization solvers could not handle the problem due to the sheer size of the model and nonlinearity involved in the objective function, whereas we could solve the economic equilibrium successfully using the decomposition approach.
Microencapsulation of Essential Oils by Spray-Drying and Influencing Factors

Essential oils (EOs) are known as any aromatic oily organic substances which are naturally synthesized in plants. Exhibiting a broad range of biological activities, EOs have played a key role in numerous industries for ages, including pharmaceutical, textile, and food. However, the volatility and high sensitivity to environmental influences pose challenges to the application of EOs on industrial scale. Microencapsulation via the spray-drying method is one of the promising techniques to overcome these challenges, thanks to the presence of wall materials that properly protect the core EOs from oxidation and evaporation. By optimization of key factors related to the infeed emulsion properties and spray-drying process, the encapsulation efficiency and retention of encapsulated EOs could be significantly improved, thus allowing a wide range of EO applications. This review attempts to discuss on different determining factors of the spray-drying process to develop an effective encapsulation formula for EOs. Furthermore, recent applications of encapsulated EOs in the fields of foods, pharmaceuticals, and textile industries are also thoroughly addressed.
Improving Interaction Experience through Lexical Convergence: The Prosocial Effect of Lexical Alignment in Human-Human and Human-Computer Interactions

ABSTRACT There is evidence that linguistic alignment can give rise to prosocial effects in human–human interaction (HHI), but little has been done to explore whether the same effects can be evoked in human–computer interaction (HCI). This study investigates whether being lexically aligned improves people’s evaluation of their conversational partner and the interaction in HHI and HCI, and whether such effects differ in HHI and HCI. A text-based interaction task was adopted in which a naïve participant and his/her partner took turns to name and match pictures. In both HHI and HCI, participants interacted with a computer program but they were led to believe that the partner they were interacting with was a human interlocutor in HHI conditions but a smart dialogue system (i.e. a computer partner) in HCI conditions. Lexical alignment was varied in the experiment such that in the align condition the program repeated the word use of participants, whereas in the nonalign condition, it chose words different from those used by participants. After the interaction task, a questionnaire survey was carried out to measure participants’ evaluation of their partner and the interaction. Results showed that lexical alignment significantly improved participants’ evaluation of the interaction in terms of perceived cognitive demand and response accuracy in both HHI and HCI. In addition, lexical alignment significantly enhanced people’s liking of the aligning partner and reduced their perceived annoyance in HHI, but the effect was negligible in HCI.
Hello again, ANOVA: rethinking ANOVA in the context of confirmatory data analysis

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is one of the most popular statistical methods employed for data analysis in psychology and other fields. Nevertheless, ANOVA is frequently used as an exploratory approach, even in confirmatory studies with explicit hypotheses. Such misapplication may invalidate ANOVA conventions, resulting in reduced statistical power, and even threatening the validity of conclusions. This paper evaluates the appropriateness of ANOVA conventions, discusses the potential motivations possibly misunderstood by researchers, and provides practical suggestions. Moreover, this paper proposes to control the Type I error rate with Hypothesis-based Type I Error Rate to consider both the number of tests and their logical relationships in rejecting the null hypothesis. Furthermore, this paper introduces the simple interaction analysis, which can employ the most straightforward interaction to test a hypothesis of interest. Finally, pre-registration is recommended to provide clarity for the selection of appropriate ANOVA tests in both confirmatory and exploratory studies.
Correlating Structure and Morphology of Andiroba Leaf (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) by Microscopy and Fractal Theory Analyses

The Amazon rainforest is considered a megadiverse biome, where several species of its rich flora are still unknown. The anatomy of their leaves usually identifies species. In this paper, we present a complete characterization of the leaf surface of Amazon Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Andiroba), using microscopy and fractal theory to be considered a possible tool for investigating different leaves spatial patterns, especially in species with similar leaf architecture. The SEM results revealed the cellular structures and other non-cellular structures that make up the leaf architecture, both for the abaxial and adaxial sides. The cells responsible for the plant photosynthesis process were observed in the internal structure of the leaf. The wettability analysis showed that the abaxial side is more hydrophobic, while the adaxial side is more hydrophilic. AFM images exposed the relevant details of the microstructure of the leaf abaxial side, such as stomata, pores, furrows, contour, particles, and rough profiles generated by topographic irregularities. The statistical parameters revealed that the scale size influences the topographic roughness, surface asymmetry, and shape of the height distribution, also observed by advanced parameters obtained according to the standard of the international organization for standardization (ISO). The fractal and advanced fractal parameters confirmed changes in spatial patterns as a function of scale size. The largest area exhibited greater spatial complexity, low dominant spatial frequencies, more excellent surface percolation, intermediate topographic homogeneity, and high uniformity of spatial patterns.
Exploration of How Appearance Management is used to Improve the Self Esteem by Urban Silver Aged Women in Sri Lanka

From 1981 to 2012, within 31 years, the Sri Lankan elderly population has doubled. It is estimated that one in four Sri Lankans will be elderly by the year 2041. One of the mistakes done by marketers is neglecting this group by thinking that they have low income and spend less money. Even though they have less income, they are not in poverty compared to the population under age 34. Silver aged population (age 50+) experience physical and mental changes during this period due to body postures, wrinkles, and changes in hair color and skin tones. Despite the bodily changes associated with aging, previous studies reported that the importance of appearance did not decrease with age, and appearance was more important for women than for men. It is the nature of humans that want to appear as young and beautiful as possible regardless of age. Hence the purpose of this research is to explore how appearance management is used to improve the self-esteem in old age. This research adopted the inductive approach since this research is trying to understand the hidden behaviors and psychological matters of women who are passing the silver age. The population of this study was considered as urban women, over fifty years of age in Sri Lanka and the individual level was used since the researcher asked questions from women individually to discover their behavior. Clothing is a visual representation of the self, women use articles of dress to construct and maintain their appearance, cognitively coherent with groups. Individuals manage appearance to represent their image. Fashion is closely linked to the emotional well-being of women. The women in this research used fashion as both social and symbolic capital to classify themselves concerning perceived social categories such as friends, peers, and their projected future self.