Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rationalizing the Value Premium Under Economic Fundamentals in an Emerging Market

This paper studies the value anomaly in the context of Malaysia, an emerging economy with a top heavy, closely held, and state-owned institutional setting. We attribute the anomaly to the investment pattern of growth firms. Our empirical analysis illustrates that growth firms have a tendency to hoard cash, delaying the undertaking of their growth options, especially in poor economic environments. This mitigates their business risk, but lowers their market valuation, driving down their returns. Our hypothesis also reconciles the diverging views stemming from both the neoclassical and behavioral perspectives.
Forecasting Using Bayesian and Information-Theoretic Model Averaging

Model averaging often improves forecast accuracy over individual forecasts. It may also be seen as a means of forecasting in data-rich environments. Bayesian model averaging methods have been widely advocated, but a neglected frequentist approach is to use information-theoretic-based weights. We consider the use of information-theoretic model averaging in forecasting U.K. inflation, with a large dataset, and find that it can be a powerful alternative to Bayesian averaging schemes.
Solving Black-Schole Equation Using Standard Fractional Brownian Motion

In this paper, we emphasize the Black-Scholes equation using standard fractional Brownian motion BHwith the hurst index H ∈ [0,1]. N. Ciprian (Necula, C. (2002)) and Bright and Angela (Bright, O., Angela, I., & Chukwunezu (2014)) get the same formula for the evaluation of a Call and Put of a fractional European with the different approaches. We propose a formula by adapting the non-fractional Black-Scholes model using a λHfactor to evaluate the european option. The price of the option at time t ∈]0,T[ depends on λH(T − t), and the cost of the action St, but not only from t − T as in the classical model. At the end, we propose the formula giving the implied volatility of sensitivities of the option and indicators of the financial market.
A Novel Power Sharing Control Method for Distributed Generators in DC Networks

A NOVEL POWER SHARING CONTROL METHOD FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATORS IN DC NETWORKS Christina James Old Dominion University, 2018 Director: Dr. Yucheng Zhang The power sharing control method is a desirable solution to integrate multiple renewable energy generators into the grid and to keep them working synchronously. Power sharing control between different distributed generators is an important consideration for the stabilized operation of the power grid network. In this thesis work, a novel method is used with the concept of droop control technique and is designed to control power from each individual generator in DC network particularly. The proposed power sharing control method can be widely applied to grid connected network and to islanded power grid network for obtaining high efficiency of power distribution and also provides higher stability. An efficient power control method to share the load demand power is designed based on the concept of droop control. This method does not follow sequential or predefined topology of power sharing but uses the availability of power from each generator as a factor of control. The proposed controller can be applied to an individual distributed generator to regulate its output power quickly and accurately. The power sharing control method was formulated, modeled and verified by simulation studies of steady state and transient stability tests. The optimal coupling resistance for power sharing was also identified. The interaction of the controller and the communication delay was also studied. The interference of communication delay is negligible for the power sharing controller. The system is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Effect of deep neuromuscular blockade on serum cytokines and postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text BACKGROUND Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) may reduce muscle injury and related inflammation. The inflammation is one of the pathophysiological processes of peri-operative complications. OBJECTIVE To compare the degree of inflammation and related postoperative complications including postoperative delirium (POD) and peri-operative bleeding according to the degree of NMB during general anaesthesia for total hip replacement. DESIGN A prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING Tertiary, university hospital, single centre. PATIENTS Eighty-two patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery were included in the final analysis. INTERVENTIONS Moderate (Mod) and deep (Deep) NMB groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The changes in inflammatory cytokines were measured. The incidence of POD was evaluated by using confusion assessment method (CAM). The differences of postoperative bleeding and peri-operative oxygenation in both groups were also measured. RESULTS The NMB reversal duration was significantly longer in the Mod NMB group than in the Deep NMB group. Changes in interleukin-6 were significantly smaller in the Deep NMB group than in the Mod NMB group (P < 0.001). The incidence of POD was not significantly different between groups (34 versus 17% in Mod and Deep NMB groups, respectively; P = 0.129). The amount of postoperative bleeding until postoperative day 2 was significantly greater in the Mod NMB group than in the Deep NMB group (P = 0.027). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that inflammation related to peri-operative complications could be associated with the depth of NMB during total hip replacement. However, the incidence of POD might not be associated to the depth of NMB. TRIAL REGISTRATION National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of United States. (Identifier: NCT02507609). Online address: http://clinicaltrials.gov
HPLC Determination of Imidazoles with Variant Anti-Infective Activity in Their Dosage Forms and Human Plasma

A suitable HPLC method has been selected and validated for rapid simultaneous separation and determination of four imidazole anti-infective drugs, secnidazole, omeprazole, albendazole, and fenbendazole, in their final dosage forms, in addition to human plasma within 5 min. The method suitability was derived from the superiority of using the environmentally benign solvent, methanol over acetonitrile as a mobile phase component in respect of safety issues and migration times. Separation of the four anti-infective drugs was performed on a Thermo Scientific® BDS Hypersil C8 column (5 µm, 2.50 × 4.60 mm) using a mobile phase consist of MeOH: 0.025 M KH2PO4 (70:30, v/v) adjusted to pH 3.20 with ortho-phosphoric acid at room temperature. The flow rate was 1.00 mL/min and maximum absorption was measured with UV detector set at 300 nm. Limits of detection were reported to be 0.41, 0.13, 0.18, and 0.15 µg/mL for secnidazole, omeprazole, albendazole, and fenbendazole, respectively, showing a high degree of the method sensitivity. The method of analysis was validated according to Food and Drug Administration (FDA)guidelines for the determination of the drugs, either in their dosage forms with highly precise recoveries, or clinically in human plasma, especially regarding pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies.
BEYOND AN OPEN-LOOP SYSTEM 3 Ground-truth position Periodic extension Appearance model Response map Correlation Searching area Corrected result Original result Response mapAppearance modelGround-truth position Correlation Ground truth

Most existing Correlation Filter (CF) based trackers do not use any feedback from tracking output and can be considered as open-loop systems. They are prone to drifting when the object endures occlusion and large appearance changes. In this paper, we propose a generic self-correction mechanism for CF based trackers by introducing a closedloop feedback technique. Our mechanism first detects the abnormality in tracking output using the Gaussian shape prior of a response map, and then estimates the tracking error by minimizing the discrepancy of tracking output and the expected response. An optimal offset is finally given to regulate the tracking process and prevent tracking drifting through a feedback loop. Extensive experiments have been conducted on four largescale benchmarks, including OTB-2013, OTB-2015, TC-128, and UAV123@10fps. Experimental results show that our self-correction mechanism can be used to improve the overall performance of most CF based trackers by a large margin. Besides, our proposed Enhanced Dual Correlation Filters (EDCF) tracker outperforms the state-of-the-art methods and runs at a high speed nearly 80 fps.
Postpartum recovery: what does it take to get back to a baseline?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Limited guidance exists regarding how to assess postpartum recovery. In this article, we discuss various aspects of inpatient and outpatient postpartum recovery. RECENT FINDINGS The postpartum period for many women includes sleep deprivation, maternal-neonatal bonding, breastfeeding, and integrating a new life into the family unit. Factors which impact inpatient quality of recovery include pain, nausea or vomiting, dizziness, shivering, comfort, mobilization, ability to hold and feed the baby, personal hygiene maintenance, and feeling in control. Outpatient recovery domains include psychosocial distress, surgical/medical factors, feeding and breast health, psychosocial support, pain, physical function, sleep, motherhood experience, infant health, fatigue, appearance / cosmetic factors, sexual function, and cognition. Postpartum recovery is likely to take longer than six weeks; however, no consensus regarding recovery duration exists among professional societies. Obstetric quality of recovery (ObsQoR) is a recommended measure of inpatient postpartum recovery; however, studies are needed to determine the optimum outpatient recovery assessment tool. SUMMARY Postpartum recovery is an important area that requires clinical and research attention. Future studies should focus on identifying and developing valid, reliable, and responsive measures of recovery as well as tracking and optimizing recovery domains following all delivery modes. SUPPLEMENTARY VIDEO ABSTRACT ALSO AVAILABLE http://links.lww. com/COOG/A65.
Reducing l‐lactate release from hippocampal astrocytes by intracellular oxidation increases novelty induced activity in mice

Astrocytes are in control of metabolic homeostasis in the brain and support and modulate neuronal function in various ways. Astrocyte‐derived l‐lactate (lactate) is thought to play a dual role as a metabolic and a signaling molecule in inter‐cellular communication. The biological significance of lactate release from astrocytes is poorly understood, largely because the tools to manipulate lactate levels in vivo are limited. We therefore developed new viral vectors for astrocyte‐specific expression of a mammalianized version of lactate oxidase (LOx) from Aerococcus viridans. LOx expression in astrocytes in vitro reduced their intracellular lactate levels as well as the release of lactate to the extracellular space. Selective expression of LOx in astrocytes of the dorsal hippocampus in mice resulted in increased locomotor activity in response to novel stimuli. Our findings suggest that a localized decreased intracellular lactate pool in hippocampal astrocytes could contribute to greater responsiveness to environmental novelty. We expect that use of this molecular tool to chronically limit astrocytic lactate release will significantly facilitate future studies into the roles and mechanisms of intercellular lactate communication in the brain.
Diarrheal Pathogens Associated With Growth and Neurodevelopment

Abstract Background Diarrheal pathogens have been associated with linear growth deficits. The effect of diarrheal pathogens on growth is likely due to inflammation, which also adversely affects neurodevelopment. We hypothesized that diarrheagenic pathogens would be negatively associated with both growth and neurodevelopment. Methods We conducted a longitudinal birth cohort study of 250 children with diarrheal surveillance and measured pathogen burden in diarrheal samples using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Pathogen attributable fraction estimates of diarrhea over the first 2 years of life, corrected for socioeconomic variables, were used to predict both growth and scores on the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. Results One hundred eighty children were analyzed for growth and 162 for neurodevelopmental outcomes. Rotavirus, Campylobacter, and Shigella were the leading causes of diarrhea in year 1 while Shigella, Campylobacter, and heat-stable toxin–producing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were the leading causes in year 2. Norovirus was the only pathogen associated with length-for-age z score at 24 months and was positively associated (regression coefficient [RC], 0.42 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .04 to .80]). Norovirus (RC, 2.46 [95% CI, .05 to 4.87]) was also positively associated with cognitive scores while sapovirus (RC, –2.64 [95% CI, –4.80 to –.48]) and typical enteropathogenic E. coli (RC, –4.14 [95% CI, –8.02 to –.27]) were inversely associated. No pathogens were associated with language or motor scores. Significant maternal, socioeconomic, and perinatal predictors were identified for both growth and neurodevelopment. Conclusions Maternal, prenatal, and socioeconomic factors were common predictors of growth and neurodevelopment. Only a limited number of diarrheal pathogens were associated with these outcomes.
The Child–Langmuir law and analytical theory of collisionless to collision-dominated sheaths

This paper is concerned with summarizing simple analytical models of space-charge sheaths and tracing their relation to the Child–Langmuir model of an ion sheath. The topics discussed include the Child–Langmuir law and model of a collisionless ion sheath, the Mott–Gurney law and model of a collision-dominated ion sheath, the Bohm model of a collisionless ion–electron sheath, the Su–Lam–Cohen model of a collision-dominated ion–electron sheath, ion sheaths with arbitrary collisionality, high-accuracy boundary conditions for the Child–Langmuir and Mott–Gurney models of an ion sheath and the mathematical sense of Child–Langmuir type models of an ion sheath from the point of view of modern theoretical physics.
Student’s educational goal and formalization of its representation in E-learning

The transition to e-learning implies the student’s independent setting of the individual educational goal. In this case, the educational platform of the university is used as a pedagogical tool for calculating the optimal educational trajectory and ensuring the student’s guaranteed achievement of the educational goal by organizing the educational process on the specified platform. The main problem here is the formalization of the individual educational goal of the student with programming languages of various levels. The authors propose an algorithm for formalizing the individual educational goal of a student and building on its basis a logical-semantic model of the educational process, suitable for implementation by means of computer technology. It is shown that in the logical-semantic model of the educational process, the individual educational goal of the student can be adequately described by the pedagogical category "Educational situation", which is defined as a set, the elements of which are quantitative values of the level of formation and development of basic qualities of competencies. It is concluded that the educational platform of the university in this case is a set of educational situations of various levels, and the student is the current educational situation. It is shown that the current educational situation and educational situations of the educational platform of the university are equal sets on a single scale, which makes it possible to carry out mathematical operations for comparing sets. Based on the results obtained during the comparison operations, a conclusion is made about the achievement of the educational goal by the student, or the individual trajectory of its achievement is calculated. The description of the pedagogical experiment is given. Based on the data obtained, a conclusion is made about the adequacy of the model to the process under consideration.
Using Entropy Function for Definition States of Information System

The concept of a state of L. Zadeh of the theory of systems is in detail studied. The yielded concept educes with reference to information systems. It is offered to define a state and quantitatively to estimate, as well as a yield of information system, the entropy distribution function. Transferring from L. Zadeh theory to use of the equation of Kolmogorov`s–Chepmen`s is offered. As the initial data construction of distribution functions of entropy is recommended.
The XMM-Newton/2dF Survey — VI. Clustering and bias of the soft X-ray point sources

We study the clustering properties of X-ray sources detected in the wide area (∼2 deg 2 ) bright, contiguous XMM-Newton/2dF survey. We detect 432 objects to a flux limit of 5 x 10 -15 erg cm -2 s -1 in the soft 0.5-2 keV band. Performing the standard angular correlation function analysis, a ∼3σ correlation signal between 0 and 150 arcsec is detected: w(θ < 150 arcsec) ≃ 0.114 ± 0.037. If the angular correlation function is modelled as a power law, w(θ) = (θ 0 /θ) γ-1 , then for its nominal slope of y = 1.8 we estimate, after correcting for the integral constraint and the amplification bias, that θ 0 ≃ 10.4 ±1.9 arcsec. Very similar results are obtained for the 462 sources detected in the total 0.5-8 keV band (θ 0 ≃ 10.8 ± 1.9 arcsec). Using a clustering evolution model which is constant for comoving coordinates (e = -1.2), a luminosity-dependent density evolution (LDDE) model for the X-ray luminosity function and the concordance cosmological model (Ω m = 1 - Ω Λ = 0.3) we obtain, by inverting Limber's integral equation, a spatial correlation length of r 0 ∼ 16 h -1 Mpc. This value is larger than that of previous ROSAT surveys as well as of the optical two-degree quasar redshift survey. Only in models where the clustering remains constant for physical coordinates (e = -3), do we obtain an r 0 value (∼7.5 h -1 Mpc) which is consistent with the above surveys. Finally, comparing the measured angular correlation function with the predictions of the concordance cosmological model, we find for two different bias evolution models that the soft X-ray sources at the present time should be biased with respect to the underline matter fluctuation field with bias values in the range (which depends on the biasing model used): 1.9 ≤b 0 ≤ 2.7 for e = -1.2 or 1 ≤ b 0 ≤ 1.6 for e = -3.
Al 2 O 3 / β -Ga 2 O 3 (-201) Interface Improvement Through Piranha Pretreatment and Postdeposition Annealing

—In this letter, we report on the improvement of atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al 2 O 3 / β –Ga 2 O 3 (-201) interface quality through piranha pretreatment and postdeposition annealing (PDA). The high quality interface is veriﬁed via the temperature dependent capacitance–voltage ( C – V ) and photo- assisted (deep UV) C – V measurements, considering its ultra wide bandgap of 4.8 eV for β -Ga 2 O 3 . A low C – V hysteresis of 0.1 V from the measurement frequency of 1 kHz to 1 MHz is obtained, compared with the hysteresis of 0.45 V without piranha optimization. An average interface trap density ( D it ) of 2 . 3 × 10 11 cm − 2 · eV − 1 is extracted from the photo C – V measurements. Piranha pretreatments and PDA turn out to be an effective way to improve the ALD Al 2 O 3 / β (-201) interface for future high quality Ga 2 O 3 metal–oxide– semiconductor ﬁeld-effect transistors.
EQUILIBRIUM DISKS, MAGNETOROTATIONAL INSTABILITY MODE EXCITATION, AND STEADY-STATE TURBULENCE IN GLOBAL ACCRETION DISK SIMULATIONS

Global three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of turbulent accretion disks are presented which start from fully equilibrium initial conditions in which the magnetic forces are accounted for and the induction equation is satisfied. The local linear theory of the magnetorotational instability (MRI) is used as a predictor of the growth of magnetic field perturbations in the global simulations. The linear growth estimates and global simulations diverge when nonlinear motions—perhaps triggered by the onset of turbulence—upset the velocity perturbations used to excite the MRI. The saturated state is found to be independent of the initially excited MRI mode, showing that once the disk has expelled the initially net flux field and settled into quasi-periodic oscillations in the toroidal magnetic flux, the dynamo cycle regulates the global saturation stress level. Furthermore, time-averaged measures of converged turbulence, such as the ratio of magnetic energies, are found to be in agreement with previous works. In particular, the globally averaged stress normalized to the gas pressure , with notably higher values achieved for simulations with higher azimuthal resolution. Supplementary tests are performed using different numerical algorithms and resolutions. Convergence with resolution during the initial linear MRI growth phase is found for 23–35 cells per scale height (in the vertical direction).
ReTagger: An Efficient Controller for DRAM Cache Architectures

D die-stacking has enabled energy-efficient solutions for near data processing by integrating multiple dice of high-density memory layers and processor cores within the same package. One promising approach is to employ the in-package memory as a gigascale lastlevel cache for data-intensive computing. Most existing in-package cache controllers rely on the command scheduling policies borrowed from the off-chip DRAM system. Regrettably, these control policies are not specifically tailored for in-package cache traffics, which results in a limited bandwidth efficiency. This paper proposes ReTagger, a DRAM cache controller that employs repeated tags to alleviate the cost of DRAM row buffer misses. Our simulation results on a set of ten data-intensive applications indicate an average of 20% performance improvement for the proposed controller over the state-of-the-art DRAM caches.
The Effect of Novel Oleanolic Acid Oximes Conjugated with Indomethacin on the Nrf2-ARE And NF-κB Signaling Pathways in Normal Hepatocytes and Human Hepatocellular Cancer Cells

Nrf2 and NF-κB play a key role in inflammation-driven cancers. Conjugation of anti-inflammatory drugs with oleanolic acid oxime (OAO) may enhance their therapeutic potential as a result of downregulation of these pathways. Novel OAO derivatives conjugated with indomethacin (IND) were synthesized, and their effect on the activation and expression of Nrf2 and NF-κB in HepG2 hepatoma cells and THLE-2 immortalized normal hepatocytes was evaluated in relation to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Treatment with OAO–IND conjugates reduced the activation of Nrf2 and NF-κB and the expression of their active forms in HepG2 cells, while in normal hepatocytes, the activation of Nrf2 was increased and NF-κB diminished. Compounds 3d, 3-indomethacinoxyiminoolean-12-en-28-oic acid morpholide, and 3c, 3-indomethacinoxyiminoolean-12-en-28-oic acid benzyl ester, were the most efficient. In THLE-2 cells, as opposed to HepG2 cells, the expressions of SOD-1 and NQO1 were significantly enhanced after treatment with these compounds. The COX-2 expression was diminished in both cell lines. OAO–IND derivatives affected the cell cycle arrest at G2/M, leading to increased apoptosis and increased number of resting HepG2 cells. Therefore, the conjugation of IND with OAO derivatives may preserve cancer cells against chemoresistance through the inhibition of the Nrf2-ARE pathway and NF-κB and, at the same time, exert a chemopreventive effect in normal hepatocytes.