Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Relation between Walkability and the Changes in Pedestrian Policy through Wearable Sensing

Since the enhancement of pedestrian rights, various pedestrian-related laws and policies have been implemented to enhance walkability. However, although laws and policies have been implemented to improve walkability, the quantitative measurement of walkability was insufficient in previous studies. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the walkability of three experimental sites with different built periods using a wearable sensor. This study aims to overcome the limitations of previous studies and to confirm the applicability of pedestrian-related laws and policies. Accordingly, 30 subjects were recruited to participate in the experiment. Gait data were collected using the inertial measurement unit sensor of a smartphone. Based on the collected data, a similarity index was calculated by comparing the reference gait with the gait at each experimental site using dynamic time warping. The closer the calculated result is to 0, the higher is the similarity, that is, the walkability is high. The results of this study can be used as both a monitoring tool for pedestrian policy and an actual condition survey tool. Moreover, these results are expected to contribute to a pedestrian evaluation system using citizen sensing in smart cities in the future.
Performance and fabrication of organic field effect transistors with soluble oligomers

We fabricated an organic thin film prepared by oligomers of organic material according to the solution method and examined the quality of thin film using an X-Ray diffractometer. Based on the results, we fabricated flexible-organic field effect transistors using the spin-coating method. We adopted a polyethylenenaphthalate (PEN) film as the substrate, a cross-linked poly-4-vinylphenol (PVP) thin film as the gate dielectric insulation layer and a soluble quaterthiophene layer or pentacene layer as an active layer. The carrier mobility of the prepared quaterthiophene- organic-field effect transistor, the threshold voltage and the ON/OFF ratio are 2.27×10-3 cm2/Vs, -37V and -37V respectively. In soluble Pentacene-OFET, the mobility is 0.09cm2/Vs, the ON/OFF is about 102 and the threshold voltage (Vth) is -7V.
Review on Blue Brain Technology-A Novel Tool for Studying Brain and Brain Related Disorders

--Human brain, the command centre for central nervous system controls all the functions of the human body and stores memory whereas Blue Brain, the world’s preliminary virtual machine is that the one that may perform as an appropriate application of a synthetic human brain. Through Reverse engineering, cellular level implementation and recreation of the human brain within an entire simulation are often made possible. With technological advancements, human, the ultimate source of data and discovery are often preserved in order that the intelligence is rarely lost. IBM’s blue gene super computer allows a quantum jump in the stage of detail at which the brain can be modelled. This technology identifies the fundamental principles of the brain, its functions and capabilities. This review paper consists of detailed information about the comparison of natural and simulated brain, implementation of artificial brain and various steps in creating simulated brain using Artificial Intelligence.
Acute Effects of Different Intervals Between Repeated Sprints on Performance Responses in Amateur Futsal Athletes

Background: Interventions with the performance of sessions with sprints in different intensity manipulations, can be a great alternative to improve physical performance. Objective: To verify the influence of different break times between sprints on the performance of amateur futsal athletes Methods: 10 individuals, men, amateur futsal athletes (Age: 21.5 ± 1.6; Weight: 72.4 ± 6.88; Height: 1.72 ± 0.05; BMI: 24.3 ± 1.2; Fat%: 13.7 ± 3.3, VO2peak: 49.1 ± 10.5) participated in the study. For the intervention, individuals were randomly selected to perform sessions with sprints (10 sets 20 meters) with different pause times, being 15 (S15), 30 (S30) and 60 (S60) seconds. For performance analysis, the speed (km / h) applied to each sprint was used, monitored by a device with a photocell (CEFISE Biotecnologia Esportiva®, Nova Odessa, São Paulo) and the statistical treatment of all data was through the software Statistica 7.0 (Statsoft ™, Tulsa, OK, USA) using a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: There was an interaction between speed and interval time (p = 0.000). For condition S15, a greater reduction in performance was observed (p≤0.05), while for S30 and S60, no significant reduction in performance was observed (p> 0.05). The data for the area under the curve showed a significant difference (p = 0.000), where the interval of 60 seconds (S60) was longer compared to the values of 30 (S30) (p = 0.000) and 15 seconds (S15) (p = 0.000). However, there were no significant differences between the 30 and 15 second data (p = 0.248). Conclusion: Shorter time (15 seconds) of interval between repeated sprints can significantly affect performance when compared to longer breaks (30 and 60 seconds). But, all the conditions tested here, can be positive for the improvement of the performance, mainly in sports that demand fast and efficient motor actions, as for example, futsal.
Characterizing the Relationship between Temperature and Soil Moisture Extremes and Their Role in the Exacerbation of Heat Waves over the Contiguous United States

Increased heat-wave frequency across the United States has led to the need for improved predictability of heat-wave events. A detailed understanding of land–atmosphere interactions and the relationship between soil moisture and temperature extremes could provide useful information for prediction. This study identifies, for many locations, a threshold of soil moisture below which there is an increase in the sensitivity of atmospheric temperature to declining soil moisture. This shift to a hypersensitive regime causes the atmosphere to be more susceptible to atmospherically driven heat-wave conditions. The soil moisture breakpoint where the regime shift occurs is estimated using segmented regression applied to observations and reanalysis data. It is shown that as the soil gets drier, there is a concomitant change in the rate of decrease in latent heat flux and increase in sensible heat flux leading to a strong positive feedback of increased air temperature near the surface, which further dries out the soil. Central, southwestern, and southeastern parts of the United States seem to have regions of clear regime shifts, while the eastern part of the United States generally does not get dry enough to reveal significant breakpoints. Sensible heat flux is seen to be a primary driver of this increased temperature sensitivity aided by the drop in latent heat flux. An investigation of flux tower sites verifies the breakpoint–flux relationships found in reanalysis data. Accurate estimation of these breakpoints can contribute to improved heat-wave prediction.
Flotation Froth Phase Bubble Size Measurement

ABSTRACT In this work, methods to measure froth phase bubble sizes in mineral froth flotation are reviewed. For each method, the state of development, the equipment set-up, bubble size estimation procedure, and the pros and cons are discussed. Further, techniques that have typically been applied in the study of foams in non-mineral processing fields that have a potential for use in the study of bubble sizes in mineralized froths are also discussed. The review shows that flotation machine vision is available for industrial froth phase bubble size estimation. It, however, provides bubble sizes on the surface of the froth only i.e. the so-called surface film distribution. Surface film distributions are suitable for process control and grade estimation but are limited in quantitative modeling of important froth performance measures such as water recovery. The conventional photographic method (videoing from the sides of a transparent vessel) is limited to laboratory settings or transparent systems and is therefore typically used for calibrating other bubble size measurement methods. Methods to overcome the need for transparent systems and to measure bubble sizes within the froth/foam have also been suggested. These methods include those based on electrical, optical, and magnetic resonance properties of foams. Most of these methods have either not been tested in an industrial setting or the assumptions adopted to reconstruct bubble sizes are unrealistic. These methods require further testing to ascertain their efficacy in flotation froth phase bubble size estimation.
Local and Landscape Compositions Influence Stingless Bee Communities and Pollination Networks in Tropical Mixed Fruit Orchards, Thailand

Stingless bees are vital pollinators for both wild and crop plants, yet their communities have been affected and altered by anthropogenic land-use change. Additionally, few studies have directly addressed the consequences of land-use change for meliponines, and knowledge on how their communities change across gradients in surrounding landscape cover remains scarce. Here, we examine both how local and landscape-level compositions as well as forest proximity affect both meliponine species richness and abundance together with pollination networks across 30 mixed fruit orchards in Southern Thailand. The results reveal that most landscape-level factors significantly influenced both stingless bee richness and abundance. Surrounding forest cover has a strong positive direct effect on both factors, while agricultural and urbanized cover generally reduced both bee abundance and diversity. In the local habitat, there is a significant interaction between orchard size and floral richness with stingless bee richness. We also found that pollinator specialization in pollination networks decreased when the distance to the forest patch increased. Both local and landscape factors thus influenced meliponine assemblages, particularly the forest patches surrounding an orchard, which potentially act as a key reservoir for stingless bees and other pollinator taxa. Preservation of forest patches can protect the permanent nesting and foraging habitat of various pollinator taxa, resulting in high visitation for crop and wild plants.
Financial leverage and firm efficiency: the mediating role of cash holding

ABSTRACT Agency cost theory suggests that a firm’s financial leverage is important to improve organizational efficiency. Using data of industrial companies of three biggest economies, this study analyzes how debt-financing decision affects firm efficiency and the mediating role of cash holding. We find inverted U-shape relationship between the level of financial leverage and firm efficiency. This implies that firms with optimum capital structure achieve high efficiency. The cash-holding level of the companies negatively relates to the efficiency. We also document that the firms’ that apply more financial leverage are less likely to hold excess cash balances and that the cash holding partially mediates the relationship between the financial leverage and the firms’ efficiency. This suggests that the use of debt financing has the potential to enhance firm efficiency by effectively tapping the free cash flow that would have been misused by the management. The results have important implications for corporate finance since it highlights how financial decisions determine corporate productivity.
Rethinking social value in host-guest encounters: Distant conviviality, cursory lifestyle participation and the tourist experience

• Denzin, N. K. , & Lincoln, Y. S. (2013). Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials / (Edition 4.). SAGE Publications. • Maitland, R. (2008). Conviviality and everyday life: The appeal of new areas of London for visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.621 • Maitland, R. (2010). Everyday life as a creative experience in cities. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(3), 176–185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506181011067574 • Maitland, R. , & Newman, P. (2008). Visitor-host relationships: Conviviality between visitors and host communities. In B. Hayllar, T. Griffin, & D. Edwards (Eds.), City Spaces—Tourist Places: Urban Tourism Precincts (1 edition, pp. 223–242). Butterworth-Heinemann. • Strauss, A. L. (1987). Qualitative Analysis for Social Scientists. Cambridge University Press.
Radio Frequency Reflectometry of Single-Electron Box Arrays for Nanoscale Voltage Sensing Applications

Single-electron tunneling transistors (SETs) and boxes (SEBs) exploit the phenomenon of Coulomb blockade to achieve unprecedented charge sensitivities. Single-electron boxes, however, despite their simplicity compared to SETs, have rarely been used for practical applications. The main reason for that is that unlike a SET where the gate voltage controls conductance between the source and the drain, an SEB is a two terminal device that requires either an integrated SET amplifier or high-frequency probing of its complex admittance by means of radio frequency reflectometry (RFR). The signal to noise ratio (SNR) for a SEB is small, due to its much lower admittance compared to a SET and thus matching networks are required for efficient coupling ofSEBs to an RFR setup. To boost the signal strength by a factor of N (due to a random offset charge) SEBs can be connected in parallel to form arrays sharing common gates and sources. The smaller the size of the SEB, the larger the charging energy of a SEB enabling higher operation temperature, and using devices with a small footprint (<0.01 µm2), a large number of devices (>1000) can be assembled into an array occupying just a few square microns. We show that it is possible to design SEB arrays that may compete with an SET in terms of sensitivity. In this, we tested SETs using RF reflectometry in a configuration with no DC through path (“DC-decoupled SET” or DCD SET) along with SEBs connected to the same matching network. The experiment shows that the lack of a path for a DC current makes SEBs and DCD SETs highly electrostatic discharge (ESD) tolerant, a very desirable feature for applications. We perform a detailed analysis of experimental data on SEB arrays of various sizes and compare it with simulations to devise several ways for practical applications of SEB arrays and DCD SETs.
Modeling the Soil Response to Rainstorms after Wildfire and Prescribed Fire in Mediterranean Forests

The use of the Soil Conservation Service-curve number (SCS-CN) model for runoff predictions after rainstorms in fire-affected forests in the Mediterranean climate is quite scarce and limited to the watershed scale. To validate the applicability of this model in this environment, this study has evaluated the runoff prediction capacity of the SCS-CN model after storms at the plot scale in two pine forests of Central-Eastern Spain, affected by wildfire (with or without straw mulching) or prescribed fire and in unburned soils. The model performance has been compared to the predictions of linear regression equations between rainfall depth and runoff volume. The runoff volume was simulated with reliability by the linear regression only for the unburned soil (coefficient of Nash and Sutcliffe E = 0.73–0.89). Conversely, the SCS-CN model was more accurate for burned soils (E = 0.81–0.97), also when mulching was applied (E = 0.96). The performance of this model was very satisfactory in predicting the maximum runoff. Very low values of CNs and initial abstraction were required to predict the particular hydrology of the experimental areas. Moreover, the post-fire hydrological “window-of-disturbance” could be reproduced only by increasing the CN for the storms immediately after the wildfire. This study indicates that, in Mediterranean forests subject to the fire risk, the simple linear equations are feasible to predict runoff after low-intensity storms, while the SCS-CN model is advisable when runoff predictions are needed to control the flooding risk.
Managing Competing Demands: Coping With the Inclusiveness–Efficiency Paradox in Cross-Sector Partnerships

This article discusses how cross-sector partnerships (CSPs) for sustainability manage the paradoxical tension between stakeholder inclusiveness and administrative efficiency. Drawing on qualitative data from a case study of a CSP focused on urban sustainability, we show how the inclusiveness–efficiency paradox unfolded throughout the studied collaboration. We discuss how the paradox reemerged in a different guise within each phase of the partnership and how three practices of paradox management helped actors to cope with the tension: “customized inviting” (during the formation phase), “sequential including” (during the preparation phase), and “tailored instructing” (during the implementation phase). On the basis of these findings, we argue that (a) the paradox reoccurred throughout the phases of the CSP because the three paradox management practices accentuated boundaries, thereby helping to resolve the paradox temporarily while at the same time creating grounds for the paradox to resurface, and (b) that the three paradox management practices can be theorized as a special type of boundary work that “plays up” relevant differences between actor groups and thereby ensures collaboration.
Chinese Translation and Validation of the Child and Adolescent Sleep Checklist for Parents

Background and ObjectiveaaThe Child and Adolescent Sleep Checklist (CASC) for parents was originally developed and published in Japanese and has served as a valid and effective tool for the assessment of a parent’s perspective of their adolescent child’s sleep behaviors. To allow for comparisons of such perspectives among parents of different cultures, and with different linguistic backgrounds, reliable and valid measurement tools are necessary. The purpose of this study was to translate and validate a Chinese language version of this questionnaire. MethodsaaInternal consistency, factor structure, and criterion validity data were tested using 497 parent/adolescent dyads in Taiwan. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and internal consistency reliability were examined in a subset of the cohort (n = 241), while criterion validity and conduct confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was examined in a second subset of the cohort (n = 256). Preliminary criterion validity was established through a comparison with a measure of chronotype, Morningness-Eveningness Scale for Children. ResultsaaEFA resulted in four factors, consistent with the original version, with the four factors accounting for 60% of the total variance. The results of CFA presented good fit to the data. The questionnaire demonstrated also acceptable to good internal consistency (α = 0.84–0.89). Preliminary criterion validity was evident as the total score and each of the subscale scores on the questionnaire were significantly higher (worse sleep-related behavior) in evening-types. ConclusionsaaThe Chinese language version of the CASC for parents appears to be a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate sleep behaviors in Chinese-speaking adolescents. Sleep Med Res 2020;11(2):102-107
Financial control and growth of private primary schools in Kenya

Proper management of finances in private primary schools is very imperative to their operations. There are, however, serious financial challenges in these private schools in Kenya as characterized by unprecedented high fees charged on students. The objective of this study was to assess the role of financial control in the growth of private primary schools in Kenya. The study was guided by the Cash Management Theory that gives emphasis to reasonable ways to deal with organizational finance management and efficient utilization as well as the Endogenous Growth Theory which stipulates that, in the long-run growth rate depends on a stable business environment. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative study design, which targeted 7,418 private primary schools in Kenya. Accessible population constituted of 3,431 heads of schools in four regions of Kenya namely: Nairobi, Central Kenya, Northeastern, and the Coastal regions. A random sampling method was used to draw a sample of 320 respondents who were either the principals’/Head teachers or deputy principal of the schools. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Structural Equation modeling using Analysis of Moment Structures was used to analyze the data. The fitness of the hypothesized structural and measurement models was tested using the Normed Fit Index and the Root Mean Squared Error. The overall path coefficients obtained were positive and significant at a 0.05 level of significance. The study established that financial control positively and significantly influenced the growth of private primary schools. The study recommended that private primary schools should have effective budget management mechanisms and strong financial controls.
Precise Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy logic system for UAV longitudinal stability: an Industry 4.0 case study for aerospace

The authors have been involved in the development of a fixed wing tailless drone (UAV). We will examine the critical challenge of maintaining longitudinal stability that confronts aircraft with this design [1]-[3]. In the next sections, we will briefly illustrate the type of hardware that was chosen, and, after discussing the aerodynamic challenges, we will address the fuzzy logic resolution method that was used to simplify the calculations. In the current context of flight in which the ground, air and space segments must converse with each other, the ground segment, thanks to Internet-ofThings (IoT) and Wi-Fi technology, is taking on an increasingly important role for UAVs during flight phases and landing via the base station [4]. We can therefore say that Industry 4.0 is making inroads even into the extremely conservative and slow-to-change field of aerospace. This reluctance to change is, of course, due to a key aspect of both air and spaceflight: safety. It took decades of testing and certification to entrust an airliner to the autopilot, and even now, the cabin must be staffed by a human pilot. Contrary to popular belief, safety is not less important in drones, even though there are no people on board. In the case examined in this paper, we entrust the control of longitudinal stability to an automatic system that, far from behaving like a simple machine, uses fuzzy logic to approach human behaviour, while still avoiding human weaknesses [5].
Nuclear Scattering of Electrons and Isotope Shift

The volume dependent isotope shift and the elastic scattering of electrons by nuclei are treated by a method with which they can be simply related. The result already obtained by Feshbach that the s-wave scattering due to the finite nuclear size depends only on the volume integral of the potential due to the nuclear charge distribution is derived in a simple manner with a clear indication of the limitations. It is shown that this is then the only information which can be obtained for energies at which only the s-wave scattering is important. The isotope shift is calculated taking into account the distortion of the electronic wave function by the nuclear charge distribution using a non-perturbation method due to Broch and is reduced considerably below that obtained with the simple perturbation method. It is shown by the same method as that used for the electron scattering that the isotope shift depends essentially only on the above volume integral and on its difference between two isotopes. Using the results obtained from the scattering of electrons by Ag and Au by Lyman, Hanson and Scott and assuming that the nuclear radius increases proportionally to A1/3 the isotope shift is brought into considerably better agreement with the experimental data.