Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geologic structure of the Velarde Graben and the southern Embudo fault system, north-central New Mexico

A BSTRACT . —The northeast-trending Embudo fault has a significant component of left-lateral slip and acts as a transfer fault in relaying extensional strain between the San Luis and Española Basins. In the northern Española Basin, the Embudo fault system links with the La Mesita and Dixon-Velarde faults of the northern Velarde graben, a 6-10 km-wide intra-rift graben. There is no evidence that a single scissors fault connects the down-to-the-northwest Embudo fault with the major down-to-the-east faults that bound the western side of the deepest parts of the central Española Basin (e.g., the Pajarito fault system). Rather, late Cenozoic slip associated with the Embudo fault appears to be partitioned amongst several major faults in the Velarde graben. In the southern Velarde graben, a lateral transfer of slip likely occurs between these faults and a major down-to-the-east fault called the Santa Clara fault. This transfer zone likely corresponds to an important fault segment boundary and is marked by transverse folds that may follow a transverse basement structure. Stratigraphic and seismic data indicate that substantial throw occurred along at least two major Velarde graben faults prior to the deposition of upper Miocene strata. This interpretation is consistent with a steepening of seismic reﬂectors with depth along the eastern margin of the Velarde graben. We speculate that the gravity high extending northwestward from the Picuris Mountains may correspond to a structural high related to the early development of the rift transfer zone between the Española and San Luis Basins. Subsequently, fault propagation and linkage may have formed a through-going Embudo fault system.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer Using Entropy Production Formalism

The understanding of irreversible phenomena in the world around us is of great importance – not only for the intrinsic value of such understanding, but also for the industrial applications and technological benefits such an understanding brings with it. The main aim of the current work is to explore such phenomena – with emphasis on treating simultaneous mass and heat transfer – by studying the entropy production using mathematical modelling. A model consisting of two connected subsystems containing a binary ideal gas mixture is developed and studied. In the case of a closed system, a perturbation from the equilibrium state give rise to a manifold of constant entropy given the constraints. In the case of an open system, the steady-state is maintained by external reservoir of thermal and chemical nature. The resulting internal mass and heat transfer between the two subsystems give rise to a manifold of constant entropy production given the constraints. In order to investigate these two situations, a variable step-length predictor-corrector method is developed and employed. Both types of manifolds are successfully traced. By solving the models, a relationship of seemingly deep nature between the two types of manifolds is observed. It is shown that the projections of both manifolds into suitable coordinates in the Cartesian R2 plane may be described as generalised ellipses, which opens the possibility of a mapping between the two manifolds. Thus, a possible connection between the deviation from equilibrium entropy on the one hand and the constant entropy production of an open, steady-state system is established.
"Let’s get ready to bundle!": Crowd-level Human Keypoint Tracking

This work examines the suitability of a state-of-the-art human pose tracking method for application within surveillance scenarios and focuses on public places in urban areas that tend to suﬀer from crowdedness, such as city centers. Starting with a short introduction to motivate keypoint tracking in surveillance applications, this report will present details about the adapted method, which follows an LSTM-based approach. Afterwards, diﬀerent changes that had to be incorporated in order to successfully apply the given method to our target setting will be presented. Finally, various experiments will show how the chosen method performs, based on experiments with simulated data.
Heat line analysis for MHD mixed convection flow of nanofluid within a driven cavity containing heat generating block

Mixed convective flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid inside a double lid driven cavity with a square heat generating block is analyzed numerically based on heat line approach. The water- alumina nanofluid is chosen as the operational fluid through the enclosure. The governing partial differential equations with proper boundary conditions are solved by Finite Element Method using Galerkin’s weighted residual scheme. Calculations are performed for different solid volume fraction (χ) of nanoparticles 0 ≤ χ ≤ 0.15. Results are shown in terms of stream lines, isothermal lines, heat lines, average Nusselt number, average velocity and average temperature. An enhancement in heat transfer rate is observed with the increase of nanoparticles volume fraction.
The use of artificial neural network for modeling the decolourization of acid orange 7 solution of industrial by ozonation process

Acid Orange 7 (AO7) is one of the synthetic dye in the dyeing process in the textile industry. The use of this dye can produce wastewater which will be endangered if not treated well. Ozonation method is one technique to solve this problem. Ozonation is a waste processing techniques using ozone as an oxidizing agent. Variables used in this research is the ozone concentration, the initial concentration of AO7, temperature, and pH. Based on the experimental result that the optimum value decolourization percentage is 80% when the ozone concentration is 560 mg/L, the initial concentration AO7 is 14 mg/L, the temperature is 390 °C, and pH is 7,6. Decolourization efficiency of experimental results and predictions successfully modelled by the neural network architecture. The data used to construct a neural network architecture quasi newton one step secant as many as 31 data. A comparison between the predicted results of the designed ANN models and experiment was conducted. From the modeling results obtained MAPE value of 0.7763%. From the results of this artificial neural network architecture obtained the optimum value decolourization percentage in 80,64% when the concentration of ozone is 550 mg/L, the initial concentration AO7 is 11 mg/L, the temperature is 41 °C, and the pH is 7.9.
Cost Recovery of Congested Infrastructure Under Market Power

The Mohring–Harwitz (1962) theorem states that the degree of self-financing of congested infrastructure is equal to the elasticity of the capacity cost function in the optimum, so that under neutral scale economies exact self-financing applies. The theorem breaks down when the infrastructure is used by operators with market power, the case in point often being airlines at a congested airport. This paper proposes a regulatory scheme that restores self-financing in such cases; partially so in general, and perfectly so under specific circumstances that include (1) the satisfaction of a particular proportionality condition, and (2) either the isolation of budgets needed for subsidies to counter demand-related mark-ups, or perfectly elastic demands so that such mark-ups are zero. Moreover, exact self-financing applies in this scheme independent of the elasticity of the capacity cost function, and occurs for both parametric and “manipulable” congestion pricing.
Application of Virtual Simulation Technology in Chemistry Teaching

Nowadays, the application of virtual simulation experiment teaching resources in universities is not systematic and comprehensive enough. Therefore, integrating professional-related virtual simulation experiment teaching resources and constructing virtual simulation comprehensive training courses can not only strengthen and expand professional knowledge and improve professional thinking but also strengthen students’ ability to realize innovative thinking. While enriching experimental teaching forms and teaching effects, virtual simulation technology also promotes the integration of experimental teaching and theoretical teaching. The article mainly discusses the application of virtual simulation technology in university chemistry teaching practice and its impact on teaching effects and then summarizes the entry point and expansion form of virtual simulation technology in the curriculum, and serves the promotion of digital and information technology in chemistry teaching application.
Research on removal of lead from rough antimony during fire refining

A fused-salt deleading agent made up of phosphorus pentoxide and sodium carbonate is added directly to the antimony melt, and the effect of some parameters such as reactive temperature and time, material proportion, etc, on deleading result is investigated. The lead content of antimony can be decreased to 0.015% from 4% with the ratio of phosphorus pentoxide to sodium carbonate being 3:1, the temperature being 800℃, addition amount of the deleading agent being 20% of rough antimony.
Leakage Current Suppression in Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Based Photovoltaic Inverters

The transformerless inverters are more attractive due to their higher efficiency, lower cost, and lighter weight for grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, the leakage current can flow through the system because of no galvanic isolation. This undesirable current leads to more losses, electromagnetic interferences, current harmonic distortion, and safety concerns. Therefore, the suppression of the leakage current in transformerless cascaded H-bridge (CHB) based PV systems is investigated in this article. First, the theoretical analysis is presented to model the leakage current for a five-level CHB inverter, and then a new modulation-based method is proposed to suppress this current. In contrast to most existing solutions, the proposed method can be easily generalized through the series connection of five-level CHB blocks. The validity of the proposed solution is verified by several simulations in the power systems computer aided design (PSCAD)/EMTDC environment. Then, experimental results on a five-level and nine-level CHB inverter are presented to confirm the theoretical and simulation results.
Pediatric Neuroblastoma with Brain Metastasis: The Prognostic Role of Surgery.

AIM Brain metastasis in pediatric neuroblastoma is uncommon and with poor prognosis. This study was aimed to analyze the prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of neuroblastoma patients with brain metastasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The medical records of 7 patients with brain metastasis among 120 neuroblastoma patients treated with radiotherapy between June 2002 and December 2018 at our department were collected retrospectively. Survival time and prognostic factors were evaluated. RESULTS The prevalence of brain metastasis was 7/120 (5.8%). The median age was 35 months (25-64). Three (43%) patients had single brain metastasis. Two (29%) patients with solitary metastases underwent gross total resection and 1 (14%) patient with two lesions underwent subtotal resection for brain metastasis. All patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The median time interval between the initial diagnosis and the brain metastasis was 14 months (0-28 months) in all patients; 12 months (0-28 months) in deceased patients and 23 months (19-26 months) in patients who were still alive at the time of this analysis (p=0.245). The median overall survival time after the treatment of brain metastasis was 14 months (7-22 months). Five patients died from progressive disease and 2 patients who had gross total resection were alive for 164 and 187 months, respectively. While the 5-year overall survival rate was 67% in patients with isolated brain metastasis, the 5-year overall survival rate was 0% in the presence of other metastases (p = 0.221). CONCLUSION Isolated brain metastasis and gross total resection of the brain metastasis seems to be favorable prognostic factors. Patients with solitary brain metastasis should be consulted for brain surgery.
Effect of microwave heat treatment on pure phase formation of hydrothermal synthesized nano NiMg ferrites

ABSTRACT The present work mainly focuses on the preparation of magnesium-doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles via hydrothermal technique. Diffraction pattern attributes the formation of pure cubic spinel phases after microwave heating the samples at 500 °C for 10 min. In addition to the diffraction study, the removal of lepidocrocite (γ-FeO (OH)) signal in an infrared spectrum also confirms the phase purity due to microwave heating. Larger optical band gap (Eg) values are acquired for nanostructures varying between 1.73 and 1.86 eV. The surface morphology is analyzed using transmission electron microscope. The obtained particle sizes are in the range of ∼50–85 nm. The M-H loop analysis shows that 50% of Mg-dopant in Ni-ferrite system exhibits the highest saturation magnetization ∼191 emu/g. The behavior of complex dielectric modulus is illustrated in the specific frequency range of 100 Hz to 5 MHz for investigating the space charge polarization mechanism.
Firm Heterogeneity, Political Risks and OFDI Firms’ Performance

This study was focused on the impacts of firm heterogeneity and political risks of destination countries on China’s OFDI firms. A sample of 538 Chinese manufacturing firms investing in ASEAN countries are investigated from year 2005 to year 2013. Factors indicating firm heterogeneity as total assets, sectors of investment, location, operating experience, OFDI experience and export status are applied, while factors as political stability and government effectiveness of destination countries are applied, and economic environment as openness, market size, level of affluence of residents and labor size of destination countries are used as control variables. Findings show that assets level is an important factor for OFDI firms’ performance, and China’s OFDI firms investing in ASEAN countries have presented a risk preference.
Generalized Nonoverlapping Tooth Coil Winding Method for Variable Reluctance Resolvers

Variable reluctance (VR) resolver is an angular position sensor, which is commonly used in the automotive industry. In this article, a general method for determining the winding configuration of VR resolvers is proposed, which eases the manufacturing process. At first, the operational principle of conventional winding has been presented using mathematical formulations. Following that, the nonoverlapping tooth coil winding method, as the ideal winding option for VR resolver, has been extended, which can be applied to the VR resolver with arbitrary poles and stator tooth numbers. The method of determining the reference and signal windings presented and used to determine the winding for a two, six, and eight poles resolvers. The validity of the proposed winding is investigated using 3-D time stepping finite element analysis and experimental measurements.
Spatial Registration Assessments for the SNPP and N20 VIIRS Reflective Solar Bands Using Unscheduled Lunar Observations

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a multispectral Earth-observing instrument onboard the Suomi-NPP (SNPP) and NOAA-20 (N20) spacecraft, with spectral bands ranging in wavelength from 0.41 to $12.2~\mu \text{m}$ . For the reflective solar bands (RSBs), the bands are calibrated on-orbit using both solar diffuser (SD) and lunar observations. The lunar observations use near-monthly scheduled spacecraft maneuvers in order to view the Moon within a desired phase angle range. While the primary purpose of the maneuvers is for radiometric calibration, these observations can also be used to characterize the spatial performance of the instrument, including the band-to-band and detector-to-detector registrations (BBR/DDR). The Moon can also be observed without spacecraft maneuvers. However, these observations are over a larger phase angle range. While the geometry of these unscheduled observations is more varied, they can still be used to assess the sensor performance. In this work, we will use unscheduled Moon data to analyze the BBR and DDR of the SNPP and N20 VIIRS RSB. For the BBR, we implemented an image cross correlation approach that removes the residual oscillations in the trending data compared to previous methodologies. For the DDR, we developed an edge-fitting approach that accounts for the lunar motion across the VIIRS focal plane array on a scan-by-scan basis using lunar and satellite ephemeris data. In our analysis, we find that the BBR and DDR for both VIIRS RSBs are stable on-orbit.
Revisiting Ho–Kalman-Based System Identification: Robustness and Finite-Sample Analysis

Weconsider the problem of learning a realization for a linear time-invariant (LTI) dynamical system from input/output data. Given a single input/output trajectory, we provide finite time analysis for learning the system’s Markov parameters, from which a balanced realization is estimated using the classical Ho–Kalman algorithm. By proving a robustness result for the Ho–Kalman algorithm and combining it with the sample complexity results for Markov parameters, we show how much data are needed to approximate the balanced realization of the system up to a desired accuracy with high probability.
Antimicrobial Effect of Eco- Friendly Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis by Iraqi Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on Gram-Negative Biofilm-Forming Bacteria

يعد تصنيع دقائق الفضة النانوية بواسطة التمر بالطريقة الخضراء او النباتية واستخدامه كمضاد بكتيري. في الوقت الحاضر حصلت هذه الطريقة على اهتمام الباحثين النها امينة وغير سامة وقليلة التكلفة وصديقة للبيئة. تشتمل البكتريا المكونة للغشاء الحيوي والموجودة في الحليب المحلي المتوفر باالسواق على خطورة عالية على صحة المجتمع بسبب ان اغلب البكتريا المكونة للغشاء الحيوي تكون مقاومة للمضادات الحياتية. الهدف من الدراسة هو القضاء على البكتريا المكونة للغشاء الحيوي والموجودة بالحليب المحلي باستخدام عالجا بديال بتحضير دقائق الفضة النانوية من التمر. حيث كشفت قابلية البكتريا المعزولة من الحليب المحلي على تكوين الغشاء الحيوي باستخدام طريقة صبغة الكونغو الحمراء. حضرت دقائق الفضة النانوية باستخدام خالصة التمر. حيث تم فحص دقائق الفضة المصنوعة بواسطة جهاز االشعة فوق البنفسجية ومجهر القوة الذرية. تم تقييم فاعلية دقائق الفضة المصنعة المضادة للبكتريا بواسطة طريق االنتشار الحفر باألكار. اظهرت النتائج ان البكتريا المعزولة من الحليب والمنتجة للغشاء الحيوي هي االشرشيا القولونيةcoli. E بعدد 3 وال pneumoniae Klebsiellaبعدد 5 عزالت ضمن العزالت السالبة لصبغة غرام. حجم النانو المحضر كان 35 نانوميتر حيث تم الكشف عن تكونه بواسطة التغيير اللوني للمستخلص النباتي من اللون االصفر الى البني وقمة امتصاص عند 410 نانوميتر. كذلك اظهرت النتائج عن الفاعلية العالية لدقائق الفضة في القضاء على البكتريا السالبة لصبغة غرام و المنتجة للغشاء الحيوي. نستنتج من هذه الدراسة ان دقائق الفضة المصنعة من مستخلص التمر ذو كفاءة عالية في القضاء على البكتريا السالبة لصبغة غرام والمنتجة للغشاء الحيوي.
Cononsolvency in the ‘drunken’ state: the thermoresponsiveness of a new acrylamide copolymer in water–alcohol mixtures

Stimuli-responsive ‘smart’ polymers are a promising class of materials for switchable devices. In this work, we present poly[N-acryloylpiperidine-random-N-acryloylpyrrolidine] (poly[APi-r-APy]) as a novel thermoresponsive copolymer which was synthesised by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation in a controlled manner. One of its attractive features is that the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solution, i.e. the temperature at which the polymer instantaneously becomes insoluble, can be freely adjusted between 3 °C and 47 °C. This adjustment is indeed extremely straightforward because the LCST of the copolymer is linearly dependent on the copolymer composition. We furthermore discuss the influence of the addition of a second ‘good’ solvent to polymer–water solutions on the thermoresponsiveness of the system. Depending on the nature of the additive, the cloud point can be shifted both upwards and downwards. Our research is focused on alcoholic additives, with systematic variation of the chemical structure of the alcohol, which resulted in the occurrence of remarkable cononsolvency effects. The results are discussed in terms of polymer–additive as well as additive–water interactions and help to gain a more detailed understanding of water interactions with amphiphilic additives and, hence, of cononsolvency phenomena. This work moreover contributes to the systematic design of switchable systems with tailored phase transition properties.
Adolescents' Production of Clausal Structures in Written Narrative, Expository, and Persuasive Genres

Adolescents' production of clausal structures in written narrative, expository, and persuasive genres. Lauren Myers, B.S. The aim of this study was to analyze written language samples across different genres and age groups to provide information about the production of complex syntax emergence as time progresses across tasks. Complex syntax is both a socially and academically relevant language skill that is observed to advance well into later life. In order to analyze language samples as a way to identify language abilities, we must first understand syntactic emergence across genres with adolescents who are identified as having typical language development. In this study, written narrative, expository, and persuasive language samples were elicited from sixty typical adolescents in sixth, ninth, and twelfth grade. Complex syntax was measured using subordination index (SI), as well as by identifying the types of dependent clauses (i.e., adverbial, noun, and relative) that were observed in each sample. Genre had a significant impact on the use of clauses across all grade levels. Specifically, the persuasive genre elicited a greater number of clauses on average than the narrative and expository genres for sixth and twelfth graders, with the ninth graders having similar clausal density for the expository and persuasive genres. The results also indicated that the type of genre impacted the types of clauses used. The results of this study indicate that speech-language pathologists should consider the type of genre or writing task given the impact on elicitation of clauses.
A practical model for stability analysis of modular multilevel converters

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been adopted by many practical engineerings in both the high voltage DC transmission field and the medium voltage DC distribution field because of its outstanding advantages. However, the stability analysis of MMC should be studied further to keep the stable operation of the MMC based DC system. Firstly, the topology of the MMC is introduced in detail. And then the practical model for stability analysis of MMC is proposed by establishing the mathematical model for MMC. The MMC could be simplifed into a parallel connection model of a controllable current source and its equivalent capacitor. Finally, case study of a MMC based DC system is conducted and the simulation has been performed in PSCAD/EMTDC to verify the effectiveness of the proposed practical model of MMC.