Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of a Navigator Optimization Process

When mobile navigator device accesses data randomly, the cache memory performance is rapidly deteriorated due to low memory access locality. For instance, GPS (General Positioning System) of navigator program for automobiles or drones, that are currently in common use, uses data from 32 satellites and computes current position of a receiver. This computation of positioning is the major part of GPS which accounts more than 50% computation in the program. In this computation task, the satellite signals are received in real time and stored in buffer memories. At this task, since necessary data cannot be sequentially stored, the data is read and used at random. This data accessing patterns are generated randomly, thus, memory system performance is worse by low data locality. As a result, it is difficult to process data in real time due to low data localization. Improving the low memory access locality inherited on the algorithms of conventional communication applications requires a certain optimization technique to solve this problem. In this study, we try to do optimizations with data and memory to improve the locality problem. In experiment, we show that our case study can improve processing speed of core computation and improve our overall system performance by 14%.
Review on MANET : Characteristics , Challenges , Imperatives and Routing Protocols

-Nowadays, with the rapid propagation of lightweight wireless devices such as laptops, wireless telephones, and wireless sensors, the potential and importance of nomadic computing particularly mobile ad hoc networking have become apparent. A mobile ad hoc network, or MANET, is an infrastructure less temporary network, formed by a set of wireless mobile hosts that has no central administration and establish their own network dynamically. Moreover, the network’s environment has some features that add extra complications, such as the frequent changes in the topology caused by nodes mobility, as well as the unreliability, resource constraint and the bandwidth limitation of wireless channels. A number of protocols have been proposed in the literature for efficient routing in MANET. Due to the dynamic topology of Mobile Adhoc Network, this paper mainly concentrates on different routing techniques which are the most challenging issue in today’s scenario. Different strategies have been proposed for efficient routing which claimed to provide improved performance. There are different routing protocols proposed for MANETs which makes it quite difficult to determine which protocol is suitable for different network conditions . This paper gives proposal of different strategies by provides an overview of different routing protocols proposed in literature.
Composite design for a foiling Optimist dinghy

In April 2017, a foiling Optimist dingy designed entirely by students, was successfully tested under standard sailing conditions in the waters outside Gothenburg. In order to achieve take of wind speeds as low as 6 m/s, a stiff and lightweight design of the dinghy and its foiling components was necessary. There have been few successful attempts to make an Optimist foil in a stable manner, as such there were no standards or recommendations available for the design. Therefore, a simulation driven structural design methodology for hydrofoils, centreboards, centreboard-to-hull connections, and necessary hull reinforcements using sandwich structures was adopted. The proposed design was then manufactured, allowing for a significantly stiffer hull and a 20% decrease in weight over a conventional Optimist. Excluding the rig and sail, the final weight came to 27 kg.
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity of novel 6-substituted 1-3 benzyl-3-( 3 , 5-dimethylbenzyl ) uracil derivatives 4 5 Running title : Anti-HIV-1 activity of novel uracil derivatives 6 7

24 25 Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTIs) are important components of 26 current combination therapies for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. In 27 screening of chemical libraries, we found 6-azido-1-benzyl-3-(3,5-dimethylbenzyl)uracil 28 (AzBBU) and 6-amino-1-benzyl-3-(3,5-dimethylbenzyl)uracil (AmBBU) to be highly active 29 and selective inhibitors of HIV-1 replication in vitro. To determine the resistance profiles of 30 these compounds, we conducted a long-term culture of HIV-1-infected MT-4 cells with 31 escalating concentrations of each compound. After serial passages of the infected cells, escape 32 viruses were obtained, and they were more than 500-fold resistant to the uracil derivatives 33 compared to the wild type. Sequence analysis was conducted for RT of the escape viruses at 34 passages 12 and 24. The amino acid mutation Y181C in the polymerase domain of RT was 35 detected for all escape viruses. Docking studies using the crystal structure of RT showed that 36 AmBBU requires the amino acid residues Leu100, Val106, Tyr181 and Trp229 for exerting its 37 inhibitory effect on HIV-1. Four additional amino acid changes (K451R, R461K, T468P, and 38 D471N) were identified in the RNase H domain of RT; however their precise role in the 39 acquisition of resistance is still unclear. In conclusion, the initial mutation Y181C seems 40 sufficient for the acquisition of resistance to the uracil derivatives AzBBU and AmBBU. 41 Further studies are required to determine the precise role of each mutation in the acquisition of 42 HIV-1 resistance. 43 44 on N ovem er 2, 2017 by gest httpaac.asm . rg/ D ow nladed fom
1 1 2 3 4 Currents connecting communities : nearshore community similarity 5 and ocean circulation

25 Understanding the mechanisms that create spatial heterogeneity in species distributions is 26 fundamental to ecology. For nearshore marine systems, most species have a pelagic larval stage 27 where dispersal is strongly influenced by patterns of ocean circulation. Concomitantly, nearshore 28 habitats and the local environment are also influenced by ocean circulation. Because of the 29 shared dependence on the seascape, distinguishing the relative importance of the local 30 environment from regional patterns of dispersal for community structure remains a challenge. 31 Here, we quantify the oceanographic ‘distance’ and ‘asymmetry’ between nearshore sites using 32 ocean circulation modeling results. These novel metrics quantify spatial separation based on 33 realistic patterns of ocean circulation and we explore their explanatory power for intertidal and 34 subtidal community similarity in the Southern California Bight. We find that these metrics show 35 significant correspondence with patterns of community similarity and that their combined 36 explanatory power exceeds that of the thermal structure of the domain. Our approach identifies 37 the unique influence of ocean circulation on community structure and provides evidence for 38 oceanographically mediated dispersal limitation in nearshore marine communities. 39 40 Introduction 41 The decay of similarity with geographic distance has long been identified (Tobler, 1970), yet 42 reasons why this relationship exists in ecological communities are still debated (Menge et al. 43 1997, Nekola and White 1999, Cottenie 2005). Spatial patterns in biodiversity and community 44 similarity reflect the influence of multiple processes broadly categorized as either niche-based, 45 through species sorting and the effect of environmental gradients on individual species 46 demography (Armstrong and McGehee 1980, Leibold 1995) or so-called neutral processes, 47
Applied Logic-CS 4860-2018-Lecture 2

In this lecture we will begin covering topics from Smullyan’s excellent textbook, First-Order Logic. Many people regard this as one of the best logic textbooks written for teaching the logic which is the title of the book. That topic is covered in Part II of the book. Part I is about Propositional Logic and certain simple facts about trees. Trees are important because Smullyan treats proofs as trees whose root is the proposition to be proved. The trees grow downward from the root to the leaves. The tree is the proof. The elegance of this proof system becomes clear only with first-order formulas, those that use the universal quantifier and existential quantifier. For propositional logic based on the simple logical operators of ”and”, ”or”, ”implies”, and ”negation”, the method seems very simple and close to just evaluating the proposition to be proved using a truth table. We assume familiarity with truth tables from CS2800. Indeed, the proof system is simply a way to systematically search for an assignment of truth values to the propositional variables to find a way to falsify it. We can think of this as the skeptics approach to reading a truth claim – immediately try to falsify it. Some students learned this method at home growing up and find it very satisfying. Others would rather see some kind of simple but utterly convincing evidence. We will explore the evidence based methods in other lectures. 1 Historical comments Professor Christoph Kreitz and I have written a draft book based on this logic course. It is simply called Applied Logic. Here are some historical facts about logic that we found worth writing about briefly. 1.1 Classical Period These brief notes on the history of logic are meant to be an easily understood basis for stating very informally some of the great ideas in logic. Appreciating how the basic concepts were discovered and why they were needed is an accessible basis for a technical understanding of these concepts. For many students, this historical approach has been a route by which they have come to deeply understand and appreciate logic. Logic is one of the oldest continuously studied academic subjects, and while investigating its central questions, Alan M. Turing gave birth to computer science in 1936 as you will see toward the end of these notes. He and his thesis advisor at Princeton University, Alonzo Church, laid theoretical foundations for computer science that continue to frame some of the deepest questions and provide the conceptual tools for important applications. Indeed, their ideas underlie one of the most enduring contributions of computer science to 1These are still rough notes that need to be polished and brought up to date.
Light confinement by a cylindrical metallic waveguide in a dense buffer-gas environment

We report on the implementation of metallic microtubes in a system of rubidium vapor at 230 bar of argon buffer gas. The high-buffer gas pressure leads to a widely pressure broadened linewidth of several nanometers, interpolating between the sharp atomic physics spectra and the band structure of solid state systems. Tube-like metallic waveguide structures have been inserted in the high-pressure buffer gas system, allowing for guiding light in an optical dense gas over a length in the tube of up to 1 mm. The system holds promise for nonlinear optics experiments and the study of atom-light polariton condensation.
Feedback : all that effort, but what is the effect?

Constraints in resourcing and student dissatisfaction with assessment feedback mean that the effectiveness of our feedback practices has never been so important. Drawing on findings from a three‐year study focused on student engagement with feedback, this paper reveals the limited extent to which effectiveness can be accurately measured and challenges many of the assumptions and beliefs about effectiveness of feedback practices. Difficulties relating to multiple purposes of feedback, its temporal nature and the capabilities of evaluators reveal that measuring effectiveness is fraught with difficulty. The paper argues that the learner is in the best position to judge the effectiveness of feedback, but may not always recognise the benefits it provides. Therefore, the pedagogic literacy of students is key to evaluation of feedback and feedback processes.
Multiresolution bayesian approach for brain electrical tomography: application to reconstructing the cortical representation of hand from MEG data

The inverse problem consisting in extracting a source map from MEG data is well known to be ill-posed, having no unique solution and being numerically instable. Moreover, in the distributed source model, first introduced by Hamalainen et al [1], thousands of sources are to be reconstructed from only about 200 simultaneous data samples. To solve this problem, a first approach consists in iteratively reducing the search space around emerging active areas: Srebro for instance proposed an iterative scheme to limit the head volume to be searched at each step [2]. We propose here a multiresolution iterative procedure in order to deal at each step with a constant number of dipoles distributed in a restricted area but at an increasing spatial resolution. As an extension to Srebro’s work, we build several ellipsoids instead of a unique area around all the activity centers and define the new source space at their intersection with the cortical surface. We also extend a more sophisticated regularization strategy than the one used by Srebro: our regularization procedure extends Baillet et al’s method [3] to multiresolution source imaging with enhanced convergence properties to a unique solution. The article is divided as follows: in section 2.1, we describe the multiresolution process. In section 2.2 we present the regularization technique that was used and the realistic constraints integrated in the multiresolution scheme. We finally present some results in Section 3 obtained from real MEG data collected from a somatosensory experiment with a healthy human subject. The aim was to reconstruct the underlying activity and to compare the performances of the multiresolution method to some alternative methods.
A Real-Time Monte Carlo System for Internal Dose Evaluation Using an Anthropomorphic Phantom with Different Shapes of Tumors Inserted

In order to evaluate internal dose, MIRD system was proposed by Society of Nuclear Medicine in 1976. MIRDOSE3 computer software based on this concept is currently the most frequently used tool to calculate the organ dose in nuclear medicine community. Unfortunately it uses fixed anthropomorphic phantoms, so the geometric parameters of organs are short of individual characteristics. Although the tumor dose can be calculated by nodule module, the organ doses contributed from tumors are still not included. To conquer this problem and acquire more accurate dose information, a internal dose evaluation system based on real-time Monte Carlo simulation was developed. The INER anthropomorphic phantom was modified from the adult reference man proposed by Cristy and Eckerman. Different shapes of tumor models can be arranged everywhere within the phantom. And an input file for MCNP was then created automatically to simulate the S values of organs and tumors simultaneously. To verify this system, results show that 84% of all organs are within 20% of dose difference with MIRDOSE3. The ratio of thyroid dose is about 1.01 and the effective dose ratio is 0.95. The self S value for a sphere tumor model inserted in abdomen is 5.916E-3 mGy/MBq×s. And additional S values for normal organs are also provided. The agreement of S values with MIRDOSE3 results shows the validity of our system for most target organs with I administration. An example of the inserted tumor model indicates the ability to provide more dosimetric information for patient-specific dose evaluation. Our real-time Monte Carlo internal dose evaluation system could be a good help for more accurate dose estimation.
AN ADAPTIVE TIMEOUT SCHEME FOR SHORT TCP FLOWS OVER 3 G WIRELESS NETWORKS

The focus of this work is on performance enhancement of short-lived TCP flows over a wide-area network with the last hop being a 3G wireless link. We take the 3GPP Non Real Time traffic model and show that when such a short-lived flow encounters a prolonged bad period on the wireless link, the TCP source’s congestion window can become full, causing the source to stall, waiting for ACKs that never arrive. The stalled source then wastes time till the RTO timer expires, causing a timeout. The effect of this is poor TCP throughput. Our work tackles this specific problem by using two mechanisms: (a) a feedback mechanism from the base station back to the TCP source using ICMP messages indicating severe bad periods on the wireless link, and (b) an adaptive mechanism that adjusts the RTO timer value to avoid situations where the source idles unnecessarily. The RTO timer adjustment can lead to either prematureor delayedtimeouts, depending upon the state of the TCP source when the feedback arrives. Simulation results indicate that the proposed timeout mechanism offers over 100% throughput performance improvement even when the bad state is about 50%. The average RTO value is lower with our scheme, the average goodput obtained is 85% even at 50% bad state, and the source idle time is at least 3 times less with our scheme. The scheme performs well also for bulk data traffic.
Project Progress Report : Texture Synthesis

We propose using the Deep Recurrent Attentive Writer (DRAW) network [1] for texture synthesis. We managed to train and deploy DRAW tensorflow implementation. Simple texture synthesis experiments were evaluated to verify the idea validity. Figure 1 shows a sample result for a tilted chess board texture. The generated tiles not only capture the correct texture but also aligns smoothly with the center input tile. Figure 2 shows more examples. This progress aligns with the project proposed timeline.
Nonstationarity in the Specification of the Environmental Kuznets Curve

Numerous studies have addressed the question of the econometric specification of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). This paper adds preliminary results on nonstationarity and its effect on functional form using a panel data set for the U.S. by state from 1929 to 1994. It is found that unit-root tests strongly support a unit root in pollutants (sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide) and income when testing individual states. The results from panel data unit root tests provide mixed evidence about nonstationarity in EKC data.
Running head : cognitive representation of tasks Automatic , human-like representation of task constraints

Current approaches to complex, dynamic tasks require the experimenter to decompose and analyze a priori the components of the task (cognitive task analysis). Although the literature is prolific on how to parse tasks in cognitively plausible ways, methods to date are not well specified, and different researchers using the same method on the same task can come up with different descriptions. As a solution to these problems we propose Latent problem Solving Analysis (LPSA), a computational theory that generates human-like representations of the tasks by analyzing large numbers of logged trials of virtually any task. This approach does not rely on verbal protocols, similarity judgments, expert knowledge elicitation techniques, or analytical descriptions of the task such as manuals to create the representation.
Substitution Bias in Multilateral Methods for CPI Construction Using Scanner Data

The use of multilateral comparison methods in a time series context is increasingly becoming an accepted approach for incorporating scanner data in a Consumer Price Index. The attractiveness stems from the ability to be able to control for chain drift bias. Consensus on two key issues has yet to be achieved: (i) the best multilateral method to use, and (ii) the best way of extending the resulting series when new observations become available. This paper presents theoretical and simulation evidence on the extent of substitution biases in alternative multilateral methods. The multilateral index number formulae studied include the GEKS, CCDI, Geary-Khamis and Weighted Time Product Dummy Methods as well as some price similarity linking methods. The paper also assesses alternative methods for extending non-revisable series, with particular regard to the possibility of introducing chain drift bias. Overall, our results suggest the use of the CCDI index with a new method, the â€œmean spliceâ€ , for updating.
Anti-inflammatory salicylate treatment alters the metabolic adaptations to lactation in 2 dairy cattle 3 4 Running head : Salicylate alters metabolic adaptations to lactation 5 6

1 Anti-inflammatory salicylate treatment alters the metabolic adaptations to lactation in 2 dairy cattle 3 4 Running head: Salicylate alters metabolic adaptations to lactation 5 6 J. K. Farney, L. K. Mamedova, J. F. Coetzee, B. KuKanich, L. M. Sordillo, S. K. Stoakes, J. 7 E. Minton, L.C. Hollis, B. J. Bradford 8 9 Department of Animal Sciences and Industry and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, 10 Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506 11 Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Department, Iowa State University, 12 Ames 50011 13 Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824 14 15
Methods of Aggregation above the Basic Heading Level within Regions

The paper explains part of the methodology that was used in the 2005 International Comparison Program (ICP) that compared the relative price levels and GDP levels across 146 countries and 5 regions. This paper looks at the methodology which was used in order to calculate relative volumes and Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs) within each region. In previous rounds of the ICP, only two multilateral methods were used: the Gini EltetA¶ KA¶ves Szulc (GEKS) method and the Geary Khamis (GK) method, which is an additive method. The axiomatic and economic properties of these methods and a relatively new additive method, the IklA© Dikhanov Balk (IDB) method used by the African region, are studied. A fourth method, the Minimum Spanning Tree method, due to Robert Hill is also studied.
Conformations of the monomeric hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Correspondence: C Cheng Kao Interdisciplinary Biochemistry Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, 107 S Indiana Ave, IN 47405, USA Tel +1 812 855 7583 Fax +1 812 856 5710 Email ckao@indiana.edu Abstract: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) changes its conformation and oligomerization state in association with the steps in RNA synthesis. Using a human right hand as an analogy, the crystal structure of the HCV RdRp has extensive interactions between the “finger” and “thumb” domains which result in a closed conformation. However, the RdRp must form a partially open conformation to accommodate the nascent and template RNA duplex during RNA synthesis, and to interact with the retinoblastoma protein through residues in the “palm” domain. A motif named the ∆1 loop has been previously proposed to regulate the transition from the closed to the open conformation. We used negative-stain electron microscopy and single particle reconstruction to identify several conformations of the HCV RdRp monomer, from closed to open. An RdRp with five amino acids deleted in the tip of the ∆1 loop resulted in an open conformation, confirming the importance of this loop in regulating RdRp conformations. Bioinformatics analysis of HCV strains focusing on the ∆1 loop and its interacting surfaces further defined the requirements for this gating mechanism in the HCV RdRp. These results provide glimpses into the dynamic conformations of the HCV RdRp and should provide insights into alternative conformations of the HCV polymerase that could serve as targets for antiviral development against HCV.