Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Distorting Mirror: Visual Modernity in China

"The Distorting Mirror" analyzes the multiple and complex ways in which urban Chinese subjects saw themselves interacting with the new visual culture that emerged during the turbulent period between the 1880s and the 1930s. The media and visual forms examined include lithography, photography, advertising, film, and theatrical performances. Urbanites actively engaged with and enjoyed this visual culture, which was largely driven by the subjective desire for the empty promises of modernity - promises comprised of such abstract and fleeting concepts as new, exciting, and fashionable. Detailing and analyzing the trajectories of development of various visual representations, Laikwan Pang emphasizes their interactions. In doing so, she demonstrates that visual modernity was not only a combination of independent cultural phenomena, but also a partially coherent sociocultural discourse whose influences were seen in different and collective parts of the culture. The work begins with an overall historical account and theorization of a new lithographic pictorial culture developing at the end of the nineteenth century and an examination of modernity's obsession with the investigation of the real. Subsequent chapters treat the fascination with the image of the female body in the new visual culture; entertainment venues in which this culture unfolded and was performed; how urbanites came to terms with and interacted with the new reality; and the production and reception of images, the dynamics between these two being a theme explored throughout the book. Modernity, as the author shows, can be seen as spectacle. At the same time, she demonstrates that, although the excessiveness of this spectacle captivated the modern subject, it did not completely overwhelm or immobilize those who engaged with it. After all, she argues, they participated in and performed with this ephemeral visual culture in an attempt to come to terms with their own new, modern self.
6 The Architectonics of Language MOOCs

: Widespread access to the web is common these days for people; the Web 2.0 is a part of most people’s lives and it is used for a variety of functions from searching for information, communicating with family, friends or colleagues, and ever more often learning. The difficulty with such learning, however, is delimiting what resources should actually be used, being able to access them both on an individual basis and collaboratively, and structuring the entire process. Massive open online courses (or MOOCs) appear to offer a solution to this problem, since they combine free unrestricted access with the benefits of structured courses. Language MOOCs are argued to combine the best of both formal and informal learning, bringing structured educational course content and activities together with appropriate social media tools and technologies. They appear to hold enormous potential for developing language competences, especially the productive and interactive ones, when compared to closed conventional online courses. However, part of the difficulty with designing and developing effective LMOOCs lies in selecting an appropriate MOOC platform (or philosophy, xMOOC or cMOOC) and associated tool set, and preparing the most effective resources and activities for the course. In this chapter an analysis is undertaken of the architectural questions related to developing LMOOCs and some recommendations are made about how such courses should be built.
Concern about Falling and Complexity of Free-Living Physical Activity Patterns in Well-Functioning Older Adults

Background: Fall-related psychological concerns are common among older adults, potentially contributing to functional decline as well as to restriction of activities and social participation. To effectively prevent such negative consequences, it is important to understand how even very low concern about falling could affect physical activity behavior in everyday life. We hypothesized that concern about falling is associated with a reduction in diversity, dynamics, and performance of daily activities, and that these features can be comprehensively quantified in terms of complexity of physical activity patterns. Methods: A sample of 40 community-dwelling older adults were assessed for concern about falling using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Free-living physical activity was assessed using a set of metrics derived from data recorded with a chest-worn tri-axial accelerometer. The devised metrics characterized physical activity behavior in terms of endurance (total locomotion time, longest locomotion period, usual walking cadence), performance (cadence of longest locomotion period, locomotion periods with at least 30 steps and 100 steps/min), and complexity of physical activity patterns. Complexity was quantified according to variations in type, intensity, and duration of activities, and was considered as an adaptive response to environmental exigencies over the course of the day. Results: Based on FES-I score, participants were classified into two groups: not concerned at all/fully confident (n = 25) and concerned/less confident (n = 15). Demographic and health-related variables did not differ significantly between groups. Comparison of physical activity behavior indicated no significant differences for endurance-related metrics. In contrast, performance and complexity metrics were significantly lower in the less confident group compared to the fully confident group. Among all metrics, complexity of physical activity patterns appeared as the most discriminative feature between fully confident and less confident participants (p = 0.001, non-parametric Cliff’s delta effect size = 0.63). Conclusions: These results extend our understanding of the interplay between low concern about falling and physical activity behavior of community-dwelling older persons in their everyday life context. This information could serve to better design and evaluate personalized intervention programs in future prospective studies.
Effect of combined circuit exercise on arterial stiffness in hypertensive postmenopausal women: a local public health center-based pilot study

Objective: Postmenopausal women have increased arterial stiffness compared with premenopausal women. Regular physical activity including aerobic and resistance exercises are recommended to lower cardiovascular disease risk and to enhance musculoskeletal health in these women. This study examined the effect of combined circuit exercise on arterial stiffness in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Furthermore, it ascertained whether performing this exercise program is feasible in local public health centers with better accessibility than research and commercial facilities. Methods: Among 24 hypertensive postmenopausal women, 16 finished this study in either the control (n = 8) or exercise (n = 8) group. Except for one participant who withdrew from the study due to the difficulty of the exercise program, seven participants withdrew due to reasons unrelated to the study. Circuit-type exercise (aerobic- and resistance-combined) program was applied to the exercise group, 60 min/d and 3 d/wk for 12 weeks under supervision. Brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity was measured to assess arterial stiffness. Results: In response to the combined exercise, brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity was significantly reduced in the hypertensive women (−0.7 m/s; P < 0.05). Weight, body mass index, and total cholesterol level were also significantly decreased after the exercise program (−2.1 kg, −0.8 kg/m2, and −16 mg/dL, respectively; P < 0.05). In addition, changes in arterial stiffness were related to body adiposity, blood pressure, and blood lipid alterations (r = 0.61-0.70; P < 0.01). Conclusions: Circuit combined exercise is an effective intervention to improve arterial stiffness in hypertensive postmenopausal women, and is feasible in local public health centers.
Visualising The Digital Humanities Community: A Comparison Study Between Citation Network And Social Network

Gill University & Université de Montréal, 119–121. URL: <https://dh2017.adho. org/abstracts/103/103. pdf>. Fischer, Frank / Trilcke, Peer (2015): “Introducing dlina Corpus 15.07 (Codename: Sydney)”. dlina blog, 20 June 2015. URL: <https://dlina.github. io/Introducing-DLINA-Corpus-15-07-Codename-Sydney/>. Kittel, Christopher / Fischer, Frank (2017): “dramavis (v0.4)”. GitHub, September 2017. URL: <https:// github.com/lehkost/dramavis>. Jannidis, Fotis / Reger, Isabella / Krug, Markus / Weimer, Lukas / Macharowsky, Luisa / Puppe, Frank (2016): “Comparison of Methods for the Identification of Main Characters in German Novels”. Digital Humanities 2016: Conference Abstracts. Jagiellonian University & Pedagogical University, Kraków, 578–582. Moretti, Franco (2011): Network Theory, Plot Analysis (= Literary Lab Pamphlet 2), May 2011. URL: <http:// litlab.stanford. edu/LiteraryLabPamphlet2.pdf>. Moretti, Franco (2013): “Operationalizing”: or, the function of measurement in modern literary theory (= Literary Lab Pamphlet 6), December 2013. URL: <https://litlab.stanford. edu/LiteraryLabPamphlet6. pdf>. Pfister, Manfred (1997): Das Drama. Theorie und Analyse. 9th ed. Munich: Fink. Trilcke, Peer (2013): “Social Network Analysis (SNA) als Methode einer textempirischen Literaturwissenschaft”. Ajouri, Philip / Mellmann, Katja / Rauen, Christoph (eds.): Empirie in der Literaturwissenschaft. Münster: mentis, 201–247. Trilcke, Peer / Fischer, Frank / Göbel, Mathias / Kampkaspar, Dario (2016): “Theatre Plays as ‘Small Worlds’? Network Data on the History and Typology of German Drama, 1730–1930”. Digital Humanities 2016. Conference Abstracts. Jagiellonian University & Pedagogical University, Kraków, 385–387.
Solving Location Problem For Vehicle Identification Sensors To Observe And Estimate Path Flows In Large-Scale Networks

Origin-Destination (OD) demand is one of the important requirements in transportation planning. Estimating OD demand could be an expensive and time consuming procedure. These days using vehicle identification sensors for OD estimation has become very common because of its low cost and high accuracy. In this paper, we focus on solving two location problems of these sensors: one to observe and one to estimate path flows. These problems have only been solved for small-scale networks until recently due to being computationally expensive. Therefore, we try to present a method to solve these models for large-scale networks. Due to resemblance of these models and set covering problem, we used heuristic and meta-heuristic methods based on set covering problem. For this purpose, we defined our new set covering matrix based on prime matrix. In order to determine which method is more appropriate, we chose a large-scale and six medium-scale networks. The results represent that through heuristic methods and meta-heuristic methods a greedy algorithm and a Tabu search are more appropriate respectively.
Comparative study of visual outcome between open- and closed-globe injuries following surgical treatment of traumatic cataract in children

Objective: To compare final visual outcomes of surgically treated traumatic cataract between open-globe and closed-globe injuries in children, as classified by the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system. Methods: This is an observational cohort study with permission from Hospital Ethical Committee. We enrolled children meeting specific inclusion criteria, examined their eyes to review any co-morbidities due to trauma, performed surgery for traumatic cataracts, and implanted lenses. The patients were re-examined postoperatively. We classified the cases of traumatic cataract as either open-globe (Group 1) or closed-globe (Group 2) according to the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system and compared visual acuity. Result: Our study cohort of 1076 eyes with traumatic cataracts included 405 eyes in Group 1 and 671 in Group 2. Postoperatively, the visual acuity was >20/60 in 223 (55.3%) and 377 (56.3%) operated eyes in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.001, analysis of variance). With further follow-up, >20/60 vision was significantly higher in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (odds ratio = 1.61; 95% confidence interval = 0.85–3.02). Overall, 600 eyes (55.7%) regained final visual acuity >20/60. Conclusion: Closed-globe injury has more favourable prognosis for the satisfactory (>20/60) visual recovery after effective management of traumatic cataracts in children.
Efficacy of Cyberbullying Prevention on Somatic Symptoms-Randomized Controlled Trial Applying a Reasoned Action Approach.

The theory of reasoned action (ToRA) has been proposed as a framework for cyberbullying prevention design, targeting attitudes and norms. In this study effects of a long (10 weekly sessions) and a short (one day, four sessions) cyberbullying prevention program based on the ToRA were compared with a control group over 9 months. Longitudinal data from 722 students (mean age = 13.36) on cyberbullying, somatic symptoms, attitudes, and norms were analyzed within a structural equation model. Participation in the long intervention group significantly reduced cyberbullying (d = -0.584) and somatic symptoms (d = -0.316). No between-group differences emerged for attitudes and norms. Developmental trajectories and associations were found to be as suggested by ToRA in both cross-sectional and change-score analyses.
Jensen-Shannon Divergence Based Secure Authentication Method on Smart Phones

Smart phones are widely used in our daily life on which there are much personal and sensitive information. To prevent information disclosure and to strengthen the authentication security for smartphones, implicit methods for authentication attract people's attention. Implicit authentication (IA) can continuously authenticate users by profiling their behavior using the variety of sensors prevalent. IA requires no explicit user action, which is much more user-friendly. In this paper, we focus on characteristic distribution probability evaluation for key-stroke dynamics and propose an authentication method based on Jensen-Shannon divergence(JS-divergence). Two phases, training phase and authentication phase, are used to identify the true user in our method. For authentication phase, the set of behavioral characteristics is preprocessed as the behavior characteristic distribution probability vector(BCDPV) to obtain the JS-divergence between two sets of behavioral characteristics. For training phase, a novel update strategy for training set based on sliding window is proposed, which can overcome the difficulties of retraining. The security of this method is estimated by False Rejection Rate (FRR), False Acceptance Rate (FAR) and Equal Error Rate(ERR). The result shows that the size of the training set (i.e. the size of the sliding window) is not the bigger the better and 5 for the best results. It also shows that our method based on JS divergence works better than that based on other measurement methods such as the cosine, chebyshev and correlation Euclidean.
Development of Flash Memory Page Management Techniques

Many studies on flash memory-based buffer replacement algorithms that consider the characteristics of flash memory have recently been developed. Conventional flash memory-based buffer replacement algorithms have the disadvantage that the operation speed slows down, because only the reference is checked when selecting a replacement target page and either the reference count is not considered, or when the reference time is considered, the elapsed time is considered. Therefore, this paper seeks to solve the problem of conventional flash memory-based buffer replacement algorithm by dividing pages into groups and considering the reference frequency and reference time when selecting the replacement target page. In addition, because flash memory has a limited lifespan, candidates for replacement pages are selected based on the number of deletions.
Integrated Fuzzy Control to Power Management on Event-based Sensor Node

This paper demonstrates how a fuzzy controller based dynamic power management (FCDPM) model for wireless sensor node saves a significant amount of power than traditional systems. The stochastic behavior of input event arrival is modeled with first-in-first-out (FIFO) queue and single server handled with FCDPM that improves life-time and minimizes the delay in servicing the events. Compared with the previous research on power consumption of a wireless sensor node, this SimEvents model gives an easier implementation of sensor node with its system-level performance metrics in terms of power consumption, delay, lifetime and processor utilization for non-stationary work-loads. The power saving of a single sensor node is analysed for forest fire detection and it can be further implacable in several energy-hungry wireless sensor network applications.
P2X4 receptor controls microglia activation and favors remyelination in autoimmune encephalitis

Microglia survey the brain microenvironment for signals of injury or infection and are essential for the initiation and resolution of pathogen‐ or tissue damage‐induced inflammation. Understanding the mechanism of microglia responses during pathology is hence vital to promote regenerative responses. Here, we analyzed the role of purinergic receptor P2X4 (P2X4R) in microglia/macrophages during autoimmune inflammation. Blockade of P2X4R signaling exacerbated clinical signs in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model and also favored microglia activation to a pro‐inflammatory phenotype and inhibited myelin phagocytosis. Moreover, P2X4R blockade in microglia halted oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro and remyelination after lysolecithin‐induced demyelination. Conversely, potentiation of P2X4R signaling by the allosteric modulator ivermectin (IVM) favored a switch in microglia to an anti‐inflammatory phenotype, potentiated myelin phagocytosis, promoted the remyelination response, and ameliorated clinical signs of EAE. Our results provide evidence that P2X4Rs modulate microglia/macrophage inflammatory responses and identify IVM as a potential candidate among currently used drugs to promote the repair of myelin damage.
Gaifman Normal Forms for Counting Extensions of First-Order Logic

We consider the extension of first-order logic FO by unary counting quantifiers and generalise the notion of Gaifman normal form from FO to this setting. For formulas that use only ultimately periodic counting quantifiers, we provide an algorithm that computes equivalent formulas in Gaifman normal form. We also show that this is not possible for formulas using at least one quantifier that is not ultimately periodic. Now let d be a degree bound. We show that for any formula phi with arbitrary counting quantifiers, there is a formula gamma in Gaifman normal form that is equivalent to phi on all finite structures of degree <= d. If the quantifiers of phi are decidable (decidable in elementary time, ultimately periodic), gamma can be constructed effectively (in elementary time, in worst-case optimal 3-fold exponential time). For the setting with unrestricted degree we show that by using our Gaifman normal form for formulas with only ultimately periodic counting quantifiers, a known fixed-parameter tractability result for FO on classes of structures of bounded local tree-width can be lifted to the extension of FO with ultimately periodic counting quantifiers (a logic equally expressive as FO+MOD, i.e., first-oder logic with modulo-counting quantifiers).
Factors associated with mental health among high school students in Iran: Does mobile phone overuse associate with poor mental health?

PROBLEM Mobile phone (MP) overuse is extensively rising among high school students in developing countries. Our aim in this study is to investigate the association between MP overuse and mental health, in the presence of other determinant factors, among high school students in Iran. METHODS We recruited a clustered random sample of 1,034 high school students in Saqqez County, Iran, to complete a self-administered questionnaire with three sections: a sociodemographic questionnaire, Mobile Phone Addiction Index, and General Health Questionnaire. FINDINGS A majority of the students (n = 654, 63.2%) were found to be with poor mental health. Applying multiple logistic regression, gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-1.97), education degree (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.30-1.67), frequency of daily messages (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.07-1.31), being awakened at night for MP use (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.54-2.18), and MP overuse (OR = 3.21; 95% CI = 1.20-8.58) were found in significant associations with poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS Planning gender-based health education programs on proper use of MP for students and their parents is suggested to school healthcare providers. The parents should be educated on the proper ways of dealing with their adolescents while using MP at home.
TraceSpecks: a software for automated idealization of noisy patch-clamp and imaging data

Experimental records of single molecules or ion channels from fluorescence microscopy and patch-clamp electrophysiology often include high-frequency noise and baseline fluctuations that are not generated by the system under investigation and have to be removed. More-over, multiple channels or conductance levels can be present at a time in the data that need to be quantified to accurately understand the behavior of the system. Manual procedures for removing these fluctuations and extracting conducting states or multiple channels are laborious, prone to subjective bias, and hinder the processing of often very large data-sets. We introduce a maximum likelihood formalism for separating signal from a noisy and drifting background such as fluorescence traces from imaging of elementary Ca2+ release events called puffs arising from clusters of channels and patch-clamp recordings of ion channels. Parameters such as the number of open channels or conducting states, noise level, and back-ground signal can all be optimized using the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. We implement our algorithm following the Baum-Welch approach to EM in the portable java language with a user-friendly graphical interface and test the algorithm on both synthetic and experimental data from patch-clamp electrophysiology of Ca2+ channels and fluorescence microscopy of a cluster of Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ channels with multiple conductance levels. The resulting software is accurate, fast, and provides detailed information usually not available through manual analysis. Options for visual inspection of the raw and processed data with key parameters, and exporting a range of statistics such as the mean open probabilities, mean open times, mean close times, and dwell time distributions for different number of channels open or conductance levels, amplitude distribution of all opening events, and number of transitions between different number of open channels or conducting levels in asci format with a single click are provided.
Classification of Single Particles from Human Cell Extract Reveals Distinct Structures

Multi-protein complexes are necessary for nearly all cellular processes, and understanding their structure is required for elucidating their function. Current high-resolution strategies in structural biology are effective, but lag behind other fields (e.g. genomics and proteomics) due to their reliance on purified samples rather than characterizing heterogeneous mixtures. Here, we present a method combining single particle analysis by electron microscopy with protein identification by mass spectrometry to structurally characterize macromolecular complexes from extracts of human cells. We obtain three-dimensional structures of native proteasomes directly from ab initio classification of a heterogeneous mixture of protein complexes. In addition, we find an ~1 MDa size structure of unknown composition and reference our proteomics data to suggest possible identities. Our study shows the power of using a shotgun approach to electron microscopy (shotgun EM) when coupled with mass spectrometry as a tool to uncover the structures of macromolecular machines in parallel.