Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a Program for Analytical Systems of Personal Diagnostics of People and Animals Based on the Piezoelectric Sensors Array

— Modern methods of analytical chemistry are based on the measurement and processing of two- up to multidimensional signals. Multidimensional analytical signals include the responses of multisensory systems, such as artificial “nose, tongue, eyes”. The purpose of this work is to develop software for personal diagnostic devices “electronic nose” with the possibility of clinical diagnosis of humans and animals by easily renewable selected biosamples. A program has been developed as a native Android application written in a high-level Java language, designed to interact with the electronic nose device. For the analysis of signals received from an array of 8 sensors, two algorithms have been developed. Analysis of the measurement is carried out on a complete data matrix which is generated when registering sensor signals over the skin of a person’s hand or over a biosample. When processing the output data of the sensor, the most informative parameters about the health state of the body, individual organs and systems are obtained. Based on these parameters, visual smell traces are constructed by the sensor signals. The developed software personalizes the diagnosis of the health state of the human or animal using multisensory systems like electronic nose, and displays information in an understandable form to an untrained user. This makes it possible to use such devices for personal purposes, on small farms, therefore, to prevent the development of complex diseases, the death of livestock, and to improve the quality of life. sensor
Who Reads More?: Comparing Book Consumption Between Various Groups

Course: PSYC 541 Graduate Statistics for Behavioral Sciences. Per the MSU-B catalog, "Provides students with proficiency in using the most common statistical techniques for analyzing research data, including analysis of variance, correlation, regression, and nonparametric statistics. " Assignment: To choose a data set, analyze and present findings in a report format.
Tree-ring radiocarbon reveals reduced solar activity during Younger Dryas cooling

<p>The Younger Dryas stadial (YD) was a return to glacial-like conditions in the North Atlantic region that interrupted deglacial warming around 12900 cal BP (before 1950 AD). Terrestrial and marine records suggest this event was initiated by the interruption of deep-water formation arising from North American freshwater runoff, but the causes of the millennia-long duration remain unclear. To investigate the solar activity, a possible YD driver, we exploit the cosmic production signals of tree-ring radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C) and ice-core beryllium-10 (<sup>10</sup>Be). Here we present the highest temporally resolved dataset of <sup>14</sup>C measurements (n = 1558) derived from European tree rings that have been accurately extended back to 14226 cal BP (&#177;8, 2-&#963;), allowing precise alignment of ice-core records across this period. We identify a substantial increase in <sup>14</sup>C and <sup>10</sup>Be production starting at 12780 cal BP is comparable in magnitude to the historic Little Ice Age, being a clear sign of grand solar minima. We hypothesize the timing of the grand solar minima provides a significant amplifying factor leading to the harsh sustained glacial-like conditions seen in the YD. </p>
Large thermally induced nonlinear refraction of gold nanoparticles stabilized by cyclohexanone

Stabilized gold nanoparticle (AuNP) colloids have been fabricated by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of a pure gold plate in cyclohexanone. The AuNPs colloid exhibits a UV–Vis absorption spectrum with a surface plasmon absorption peak at about 540 nm. Scanning electron microscopy has shown the formation of spherical AuNPs with average size about 53 nm. The shift of 24 cm−1 is observed in the carbonyl band of the colloid using FTIR spectroscopy. This shift indicates that the monomer carbonyl group of cyclohexanone interacts with the surface of the AuNPs and leads to stabilizing the colloid. A large nonlinear refractive index of −2.92 × 10−7 cm2/W is measured using the Z‐scan technique under continuous wave laser irradiation at 532 nm. Our results show that the large induced nonlinear refraction is attributed to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) enhancement effect of AuNPs, high thermo‐optic coefficient and low thermal conductivity of cyclohexanone. Observation of far‐field diffraction ring patterns confirm a thermally induced negative lens effect and spatial self‐phase modulation in the laser beam as it traverses the colloids.
Children's views about marine pollution

Global environmental issues are of increasing significance, so education about such matters is increasingly important. Until recently, little formal information about children's preconceptions has been available, although our recent studies have revealed that children do harbour misconceptions about at least one environmental problem (global warming), due in part to a failure to distinguish between different environmental problems. Here we have used a closed‐form questionnaire to probe the ideas of children aged 11 to 16 years about the consequences, causes and ‘cures’ of marine pollution. Generally, the scientifically acceptable ideas appear to be established early, and retained. However, some heterodox ideas are present in many younger children, although they are partially corrected in the older children. Some of these misconceptions represent a confusion in the minds of some children between marine pollution and global warming, Ozone Layer depletion and Acid Rain. Children were also asked if they thoug.
Large enhancement of photocatalytic activity by chemical etching of TiO2 crystallized glass

The authors aim to report the largest enhancement of photocatalytic activity by chemical etching in anatase-type TiO2 crystallized glass. Optimization of several conditions for crystallization behavior and chemical etching to realize the nano-structured ceramics (NSC) has been performed in the crystallized glass. NSC-fabrication by chemical etching in the crystallized glass is one of the most effective solutions to provide bulk materials with high specific surface area. We have found that the best condition for the NSC fabrication as a novel bulk photocatalyst in our glass system, and have obtained 16 times higher catalytic activity than that of non-etched one.
Physical and Thermal Properties of Ground Beef During Cooking

, 1996). Studying the physical and thermalproperty changes of ground beef during heating canprovide useful information for determining heat andmass transfer processes in hamburger patties to ensurethe quality and safety of cooked patties.Themostdramaticchangesof meatduring heating,suchas shrinkage, tissue hardening, juice release, and discol-oration, are caused by the changes in muscle proteindenaturation (Hamm & Deatherage, 1960; Bouton
Soil Solarization: Effects on Soil Microbiological Parameters

ABSTRACT Soil solarization, obtained by covering soil with plastic films, is a useful practice able to reduce soil pathogen populations. Light plastic films (LPFs) are nowadays widely used especially in open and greenhouse vegetable crop cultivations in Southern Italy, as they are able to raise soil temperature more than 20°C above air temperature. The solarization treatment with LPFs is characterized by a low cost and low environmental impact. The wide use of these technique causes a concern about the side effect of solarization on soil microbial populations, which are affected the same as plant pathogens by soil heating. As scientific literature pays scant attention to the effect of soil heating on soil microbial parameters, this paper studied the effects of solarization on soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, and soil enzymatic activity in the presence of organic amendments and the soil fumigant dazomet. Solarization appears to be an effective practice able to control nematodes, even though it may cause serious stress on the soil microbial biomass. In addition, it was demonstrated that the organic amendments exert a protective role keeping soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities protected from the detrimental effect of heating.
Utilization of fly ash zeolite for boron removal from aqueous solution

AbstractA novel zeolite synthesized from fly ash was characterized and studied for the removal of boric acid from aqueous solution. The adsorption behavior of fly ash zeolite (FAZ) for boron was investigated using a batch system and the influence of pH, temperature, adsorption time, initial boron concentration and adsorbent dose on the removal of boron was studied. The results showed that the adsorption was dependent on the pH of the solution and was maximal at around pH 7. The removal of boron increased while the adsorbent dose increased and the temperature decreased. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved after 2 h. The experimental data were fitted better using the Freundlich isotherm than the Langmuir, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models. The boron adsorption capacity and percentage removal from the solution containing 50 mg B L−1 amounted to 2.3 mg g−1 and 93%, respectively, while pH 7, adsorption time = 0.5 h, and adsorbent dose = 20 g L−1. The thermodynamic calculations indicated the spontaneous and e.
Efficient Parameters for Rotation Processing of Data Augmentation

— Deep learning typically requires a large amount of training data. However, in some cases, it is not possible to prepare enough data to achieve the desired recognition accuracy. A number of approaches to training models with a limited amount of data are available, such as data augmentation and fine-tuning. In the present study, we focus on rotation processing, which has the capacity to augment image data more easily than other augmentation methods. With this method, for example, we could produce 360 images from a single image by rotating the image a full 360° by 1° increments. However, if the rotation angle is not chosen appropriately, essential features of the rotated object may be lost. No clear standards have been previously determined for setting appropriate rotation parameters. This study presents an approach to efficient rotary processing for cases in which the key features of the object either does or does not distort, depending on the angle of rotation. The approach should make it easier for general users to set proper parameters when using rotation processing for data augmentation.
The effect of microwave-assisted synthesis on the physico-chemical properties of pamoate-intercalated layered double hydroxide

Layered organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite was prepared by inserting the pamoate anion (PA) between Zn and Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) using co-precipitation method. The ageing process was done by two different methods; conventional oil bath and microwave-assisted method at various ageing times, from 15 to 60 min. As a result of successful intercalation of PA anion into Zn–Al LDH lamella, the expansion of the interlayer spacing from 8.9 to 18.1 A was observed in the powder X-ray diffractogram of the (ZAP) nanocomposite. Percentage of PA intercalated between the LDH was higher in the nanocomposite material aged using microwave irradiation (ZAPM) compared to conventional oil bath method (ZAP). The BET surface areas of ZAPM15 and ZAPM30 were in the range of 100–106 m2/g, which were higher compared to ZAP, 90 m2/g. In general, the microwave-assisted method has improved the physico-chemical properties of the nanocomposite material with shorter ageing time of 30 min compared to 18 h ageing time by con.
Phase transition properties of SmTe under pressure

Phase transition properties of SmTe under high pressure have been investigated through ab initio pseudo-potential calculations within the framework of density functional theory. Local density approximation based on exchange-correlation energy optimization has been used for calculating the total energy of the system. The calculated equilibrium lattice constant, bulk modulus and its pressure derivative agree well with the experimental data. The first-principles studies of isostructural valence transition from Sm2+ to Sm3+ in B1 phase ( ) and from B1 → B2 phase transition characterized by the space group in bulk SmTe have been carried out. The calculated transition pressure, equation of state and volume collapse show good agreement with experimental results. Under ambient conditions, the energy of Sm2+ in B1 phase is found to be lower than that of Sm3+. At high pressures beyond B1 → B2 phase transition, the energy of B2 phase is found to be slightly lower than that in B1 phase.
Effects of caffeine withdrawal and withdrawal recovery on alertness and working memory performance among undergraduate students

The current study aimed to examine effects of caffeine withdrawal on working memory span and psychomotor vigilance. Participants in the study were college students attending Reykjavík University during the spring semester of 2020. Participants were between the ages of 20 and 31 and the group consisted of 4 females and 3 males. A repeated measures design was used, with two separate groups either receiving caffeinated coffee or decaffeinated coffee. Participants completed an automated operation span task (Aospan) and psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) once per day on three testing days. The first testing day was a baseline measurement conducted on a wednesday, the second measurement was conducted the morning after baseline testing to examine withdrawal effects. The third measurement was conducted 6 days after the second one to examine performance after recovery from withdrawal effects. Results indicated no significant differences on any measurements.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Property of 2-Dimensional Bismuth Molybdate Nanoplates

Bi 2 MoO 6 nanoplates with an Aurivillius structure and a uniform thickness of 15-30 nm were fabricated by a hydrothermal process at 413 K for 48 h with the assistance of the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The nanoplate structure was favorable to the photocatalytic O 2 -evolution performance under visible light irradiation.
Context Specific Factors Affecting Consumer Preferences for Antibiotic and Hormone Use During the Production of Beef in Canada

CONTEXT SPECIFIC FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER PREFERENCES FOR ANTIBIOTIC AND HORMONE USE DURING THE PRODUCTION OF BEEF IN CANADA Amanda Norris Advisor(s): University of Guelph, 2020 John Cranfield Michael von Massow The market for differentiated meat products is growing based on changes in consumer demand for products with different production attributes. Some consumers are concerned with the use of antibiotics and hormones in the production of beef. This research investigates how the context specific factors of purchase location, information treatment, and product form impact preferences and willingness-to-pay for beef products produced with different levels of antibiotic and hormone use. The data was collected using an online stated preference survey and analyzed using a conditional logit and mixed logit model. The results show that consumers are heterogeneous in their preferences and are willing to pay a premium for beef products produced with reduced or no antibiotic and hormone use. The premiums differed across purchase location, product, and information treatment with important implications for the grocery retail and food
Synthesis of the natural isoflavanones ferreirin, dalbergioidin, and ougenin

2′-Benzoyloxy-7-benzyloxy-4′,5-dimethoxy-2-methoxycarbonylisoflavone (12), prepared in nine steps by established methods, has been degraded to the corresponding phenyl benzyl ketone (9), which cyclises on treatment with ethyl formate and sodium to give 7-benzyloxy-2′-hydroxy-4′5-dimethoxyisoflavone (15); the latter has been converted in four steps into 2′,5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavanone (1), identical with natural ferreirin. (±)-Dalbergioidin has been prepared by hydrogenation and subsequent saponification of 2′,4′,5,7-tetra-acetoxyisoflavone.3-Methyl-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl ketone (21), when treated with ethoxalyl chloride, gives mainly 2-ethoxycarbonyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2′,4′-dimethoxy-6-methylisoflavone (23), which has been transformed in six steps into (±)-2′,4′,5-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6-methylisolfavanone, (±)-ougenin (20).
Denaturation of Truncated Staphylococcal Nuclease in Molecular Dynamics Simulation at 300 K

Deletion of the 13 C-terminal residues of the 149 residue staphylococcal nuclease (SNase) molecule results in a denatured, partially unfolded molecule (SNaseΔ) that is relatively compact under physiological conditions. We have performed molecular dynamics simulations of wild type SNase and SNaseΔ at 300 K in aqueous solution. Whereas the wild type preserved its native three-dimensional architecture, the truncated form significantly denatures over the 500 ps simulation period. The denaturation leads to significant rearrangements in the inhibitor binding pocket and is in general accord with conformation-dependent chemical cleavage experiments. SNaseΔ thus provides a system in which protein denaturation can be examined using molecular dynamics under experimental conditions and at physiological temperatures.
Fabrication of nanoscale ZnO field effect transistors using the functional precursor zinc neodecanoate directly as a negative electron beam lithography resist

The authors demonstrate ZnO based thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated using a metal-organic sol-gel solution process with zinc neodecanoate as precursor. The ZnO films were produced by spin coating the precursor solution onto a substrate and subsequently annealing the film in air for 1h at 500°C. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy characterizations show that the films consist of particles which have an average size of 45nm and are closely packed. X-ray diffraction measurement reveals that the particles have a hexagonal structure and are randomly orientated. TFT devices were fabricated by patterning 100nm thick aluminum source and drain electrodes on top of the ZnO film using standard optical lithographic processes. The devices exhibit n-channel enhancement mode behavior, with a saturation mobility of 1.16cm2V−1s−1, a drain-current on-to-off ratio of 8.1×107 and a threshold voltage of 16.1V in ambient environment. Zinc neodecanoate may also be used as a negative resist, and electr.
Pemanfaatan Energi Potensial Air Sebagai Penggerak Turbin Cross Flow Multi Nozzle

Energi potensial air sangat melimpah di daerah terpencil yang belum dijangkau jaringan aliran listrik adalah sangat baik dimanfaatkan sebagai penggerak turbin cross flow untuk membangkitkan tenaga listrik skala mikro hidro. Metode ini digunakan untuk memberdayakan potensi sumber daya alam berupa energi potensial air terjun atau aliran sungai dari ketinggian tertentu (head) yang terlebih dahulu dikonversi menjadi energi kinetik pada nozzle, selanjutnya dirubah menjadi energi mekanik pada sudu runner turbin dan kemudian energi mekanik dikonversi menjadi energi listrik oleh generator. Turbin cross flow melalui sudu-sudu turbin menyerap energi kinetis pancaran air yang melalui multi nozzle dengan kecepatan tinggi untuk menggerakkan runner dan poros turbin sehingga menghasilkan daya turbin cross flow multi nozzle. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan energi potensial air adalah sangat baik untuk digunakan sebagai penggerak turbin cross flow multi nozzle dalam rangka penyediaan energi listrik bagi masyarakat pedesaan. Kata kunci: Energi, Potensial, Turbin, Cross, Flow Water potential energy is very abundant in remote areas that have not yet been reached by the electricity network. This method is used to empower the potential of natural resources in the form of a potential waterfall or river flow from a certain height or head which is first converted into kinetic energy at the nozzle, then changed to mechanical energy at the turbine runner blade and then mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy by the generator. The cross flow turbine through the turbine blades absorbs the kinetic energy of the water jet through the multi nozzle at high speed to drive the turbine runner and shaft so as to produce the turbine cross flow multi nozzle power. The results showed that the potential use of water energy is very good to be used as a driving force for multi flow nozzle cross flow turbines in the context of providing electrical energy to rural communities. Keywords: Energy, Potential, Turbine,Cross, Flow
Delay-optimal Policies in Partial Fork-Join Systems with Redundancy and Random Slowdowns

We consider a large distributed service system consisting of n homogeneous servers with infinite capacity FIFO queues. Jobs arrive as a Poisson process of rate λn/k_n (for some positive constant λ and integer k_n). Each incoming job consists of k_n identical tasks that can be executed in parallel, and that can be encoded into at least k_n "replicas" of the same size (by introducing redundancy) so that the job is considered to be completed when any k_n replicas associated with it finish their service. Moreover, we assume that servers can experience random slowdowns in their processing rate so that the service time of a replica is the product of its size and a random slowdown. First, we assume that the server slowdowns are shifted exponential and independent of the replica sizes. In this setting we show that the delay of a typical job is asymptotically minimized (as $n\to\infty$) when the number of replicas per task is a constant that only depends on the arrival rate λ, and on the expected slowdown of servers. Second, we introduce a new model for the server slowdowns in which larger tasks experience less variable slowdowns than smaller tasks. In this setting we show that, under the class of policies where all replicas start their service at the same time, the delay of a typical job is asymptotically minimized (as n\to\infty) when the number of replicas per task is made to depend on the actual size of the tasks being replicated, with smaller tasks being replicated more than larger tasks.