Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial mapping of short-term solar radiation prediction incorporating geostationary satellite images coupled with deep convolutional LSTM networks for South Korea

A practical approach to continuously monitor and provide real-time solar energy prediction can help support reliable renewable energy supply and relevant energy security systems. In this study on the Korean Peninsula, contemporaneous solar radiation images obtained from the Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) Meteorological Imager (MI) system, were used to design a convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory network predictive model, ConvLSTM. This model was applied to predict one-hour ahead solar radiation and spatially map solar energy potential. The newly designed ConvLSTM model enabled reliable prediction of solar radiation, incorporating spatial changes in atmospheric conditions and capturing the temporal sequence-to-sequence variations that are likely to influence solar driven power supply and its overall stability. Results showed that the proposed ConvLSTM model successfully captured cloud-induced variations in ground level solar radiation when compared with reference images from a physical model. A comparison with ground pyranometer measurements indicated that the short-term prediction of global solar radiation by the proposed ConvLSTM had the highest accuracy [root mean square error (RMSE) = 83.458 W · m−2, mean bias error (MBE) = 4.466 W · m−2, coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.874] when compared with results of conventional artificial neural network (ANN) [RMSE = 94.085 W · m−2, MBE = −6.039 W · m−2, R2 = 0.821] and random forest (RF) [RMSE = 95.262 W · m−2, MBE = −11.576 W · m−2, R2 = 0.839] models. In addition, ConvLSTM better captured the temporal variations in predicted solar radiation, mainly due to cloud attenuation effects when compared with two selected ground stations. The study showed that contemporaneous satellite images over short-term or near real-time intervals can successfully support solar energy exploration in areas without continuous environmental monitoring systems, where satellite footprints are available to model and monitor solar energy management systems supporting real-life power grid systems.
Impact of Self-Generated Thoughts on Anxiety Symptoms Among University Students: Mediating Role of Rumination

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of self-generated thoughts (daydreaming) on symptoms of anxiety among university students. Furthermore, mediating role of rumination was also studied. A sample of 300 university students aged 18-28 years and with minimum education of 14 years was collected through purposive sampling technique from different universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Self-report measures including Day-Dreaming Frequency Subscale of Imaginal Process Inventory (Singer & Antrobus, 1970) Ruminative Response Scale (Treynor, Gonzalez, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988) were administered to measure study variables. Results yielded self-generated thoughts as a significant positive predictor of anxiety symptoms, whereas rumination was found to significantly predict anxiety in positive direction. Moreover, rumination mediated the relationship between self-generated thoughts and symptoms of anxiety. Female students scored significantly higher on daydreaming, rumination, and anxiety symptoms as compared to male university students. This study will be helpful for mental health professionals to gain a better understanding that how daydreaming can have an impact on individual’s cognition and thus can raise more awareness about dangers associated with excessive daydreaming.
Non-thermal line broadening due to braiding-induced turbulence in solar coronal loops

Aims. Emission line profiles from solar coronal loops exhibit properties that are unexplained by current models. We investigate the non-thermal broadening associated with plasma heating in coronal loops that is induced by magnetic field line braiding. Methods. We describe the coronal loop by a 3D magnetohydrodynamic model of the turbulent decay of an initially-braided magnetic field. From this, we synthesised the Fe XII line at 193 Å that forms around 1.5 MK. Results. The key features of current observations of extreme ultraviolet (UV) lines from the corona are reproduced in the synthesised spectra: (i) Typical non-thermal widths range from 15 to 20 km s−1. (ii) The widths are approximately independent of the size of the field of view. (iii) There is a correlation between the line intensity and non-thermal broadening. (iv) Spectra are found to be non-Gaussian, with enhanced power in the wings of the order of 10–20%. Conclusions. Our model provides an explanation that self-consistently connects the heating process to the observed non-thermal line broadening. The non-Gaussian nature of the spectra is a consequence of the non-Gaussian nature of the underlying velocity fluctuations, which is interpreted as a signature of intermittency in the turbulence.
Linking Hydrologic and Hydraulic Data with Models to Assess Flow and Channel Alteration at Hog Park, Wyoming USA

Transbasin diversions and dams allow for water uses when and where there is high demand and low supply, but can come with an expense to the environment. This paper presents a linkage of hydrologic and hydraulic modeling and datasets to assess the hydrologic and hydraulic stability within a transbasin watershed as an approach for meeting water use targets and safeguarding environmental sustainability. The approach used a Prediction in Ungauged Basin (PUB) regionalization technique that completed the parameterization of a study watershed hydrologic model by transferring calibrated parameters from a reference watershed hydrologic model. This resulted in a long-term, simulated natural flow record that was compared to the measured modified flow record for the same time period to assess flow alteration. In the sensitive reach, hydraulic modeling results tracked channel response from before hydrologic modification to baseline using repeated survey years during the hydrologic modification. The combined assessment of hydrology and hydraulics highlighted the relation between flow regime and channel form.
Diurnal activity pattern and social behavior of Swaynes Hartebeest in Maze National Park, Southern Ethiopia

Swayne’s Hartebeest (SHB) is an endangered endemic animal to Ethiopia. However, its activity pattern and social behavior are not well documented. Hence, we investigated the diurnal activity pattern and social behavior of SHB in the Maze National Park. Data were collected by direct observation of focal-animal from October 2018 to April 2019 and analyzed using descriptive statistics and X2-test. A total of 1004 observations were made for activity pattern study. The SHB were performing four major activities (remain standing: 37.6%, grazing: 32.9%, walking: 15.7%, lying: 11.2%) showing significant differences in the total observation frequencies (X2 = 205.69, P < 0.05). Standing was the dominant activity followed by grazing in the wet season and vice versa in the dry season. Observation frequency for standing showed significant difference between seasons (X2 = 6.614, P < 0.05). Observation frequency for the activities within season (wet season: X2 = 120.6, P < 0.05; dry season: X2 = 100.38, P<0.05) showed variation. A total of 951 observations were made for social behavior study. We found significant differences in the total observation between types of social groups (X2 = 109.52, P<0.05) and between seasons (X2 = 22.722, P<0.05). Female SHB with young calf showed the dominant vigilant behavior. The findings revealed a decrease in the rate of occurrence for vigilance behavior with increasing social group size. We suggest the management plan of the park shall consider the findings of this study as a useful input for sustainable conservation of this endangered endemic species. Key words: Social organization, Swayne’s hartebeest, time budget, vigilance.
High-level gain of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) copy number using next-generation sequencing as a predictive biomarker for MET inhibitor efficacy

Background In clinical oncology, targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become an integral part of the routine molecular diagnostics repertoire. However, a consensus is yet to be agreed on the optimal mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) copy number (CN) cut-off value based on NGS data that could predict the MET-amplified non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who could benefit from MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. In this study, we aimed to identify the criteria to define MET amplification derived from NGS data. Methods Sequencing data from matched plasma and tissue samples from 40 MET-amplified NSCLC patients were used to derive a normalization method, referred to as adjusted copy number (adCN). Clinical outcomes from an additional 18 MET TKI-treated NSCLC patients with solely MET-amplified cancers were analyzed to validate the adCN cut-offs. Results AdCN, calculated as the absolute CN generated from NGS relative to the maximum mutant allele fraction (maxMAF) per sample, was demonstrated to have a high correlation with MET CN in tissue and plasma samples (R2=0.73). Using a cut-off value of 5.5 and 13, tertile stratification of adCN was able to distinguish patients with high-level MET amplification. The MET TKI-treated patients with adCN >13, categorized as high-level amplification, had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) than those with adCN <13 (P=0.009), suggesting that adCN positively correlated with the response to MET TKI. Conclusions We derived a normalization method that could reflect the relative CN and distinguish MET-amplified NSCLC patients with high-level gene amplification who were sensitive to crizotinib, suggesting adCN could potentially serve as a predictive biomarker for MET TKI response.
Pitch peak and word predictability: Results from CSJ corpus

It has been widely demonstrated that a word is pronounced with lower phonetic redundancy when it has higher contextual predictability. For example, when a word is predictable given a preceding word and when a word has higher contextual predictability given a following word, it is pronounced with shorter duration [1, 2]. Likewise, words with higher contextual predictability are produced with centralized formant values [3]. This probability-oriented reduction is known as “probabilistic reduction [4]. ” This phenomenon can neatly be captured by Message-Oriented Phonology (MOP) [5]. MOP hypothesizes that a speaker balances the efficiency and accuracy of message transmission. When a word is contextually predictable, it can be conveyed successfully to an addressee, the result of which is that the speaker improves the efficiency of the message transmission. On the other hand, when a word is less predictable, the message transmission is more likely to fail, and thus a speaker needs to invest more resource cost in a speech signal, with the result that the phonetic redundancy is increased. The aim of this study is to explore whether probabilistic reduction can be extended to pitch values. Most previous literature discusses probabilistic reduction in relation to word duration, so therefore, to the best of my knowledge, this study is the first study to investigate the relationship between pitch values and contextual predictability of a word in natural speech. It will be demonstrated that a word is pronounced with a higher pitch value, when it is less predictable given a preceding word. On the other hand, the higher predictability of a word given a following word leads to a higher pitch value of the word.
Risk factors related to seropositivity for Leptospira spp. in horses in the Serra Catarinense region

portuguesA leptospirose e uma doenca infecciosa zoonotica, causada pela bacteria Leptospira spp. Em equinos, as consequencias da infeccao nao sao claras e os sorogrupos envolvidos variam dependendo da regiao. Sendo assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a soropositividade de Leptospira spp. em equinos nao vacinados na regiao serrana Catarinense e estimar os possiveis fatores de risco associados a infeccao. Para tal, foram estudados 207 equinos, de 26 propriedades, sem historico clinico da infeccao e nao vacinados para leptospirose. As amostras de soro foram submetidas ao ensaio de soro aglutinacao microscopica (SAM) para os principais sorogrupos de referencia. Animais com titulo ≥100 foram considerados reagentes. Os resultados da sorologia revelaram uma soropositividade de 45,4% (94/207) para os animais estudados. Com maior frequencia foram observados anticorpos contra os sorogrupos Australis 16,9% (35/207), Icterohaemorrhagiae 14,4% (30/207), e Grippotyphosa 5,31% (11/207). Dentre os principais fatores de risco associados a infeccao observados, foram o sistema de criacao extensivo (OR=1,27; P EnglishLeptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Leptospira spp. The consequences of infection in horses are unclear, and the serogroups involved vary depending on the region. This study aimed to evaluate the seropositivity of unvaccinated horses in the Serra Catarinense region and the possible risk factors associated with the infection. We used 207 horses from 26 properties, with no clinical history of infection and unvaccinated for leptospirosis. We submitted serum samples to the microscopic agglutination serum (SAM) to obtain the main reference serogroups. We considered animals with titre ≥100 as infected. The results of the serology revealed seropositivity in 45.4% (94/207) of the animals studied. The most frequent antibodies reportedwere those against the serogroups Australis 16.9% (35/207), Ichterhaemorrhagiae 14.4% (30/207), and Grippotyphosa 5.31% (11/207). Among the primary risk factors associated with the infection we reported extensive rearing system (OR = 1.27; P
Irregular Behaviours of Coda /M/ in Tamil Reduplications

In Reduplication, the Base and Reduplicant usually undergo various phonological changes to reconcile and harmonise them. Despite this general view, not many studies have attested to credibility of a single phoneme for its capacity of triggering various reactions, otherwise known as the emergence of the unmarked (TETU). A specific coda of such nature, bilabial /m/, in one of the Dravidian language Tamil is known for registering irregular reactions at the juncture of Base and Reduplicants, forcing the coda to trigger seven types of phonological reactions, a phenomenon that probably hard to witness in universal grammar. This study discusses the phonological and morphological reactions of reduplicative words as the consequences of TETU, which were resolved in language-specific ways, within Optimality Theoretic parameters. The results verify that as long as the conflicting markedness constraints do not interrupt reconciliation of reduplicative words in Tamil, the reconciliations take place systematically without markedness reduction or increase in reduplicant, except in reduplicative words ending with labial /m/. The reduplicants tend to reduce markedness of its prosodically weak position in many ways, while the same markedness is tolerated within the base words, in isolation or otherwise. It responds, at least, in seven different ways (in isolation or simultaneously) in reduplications, suggesting that the markedness reducing and markedness increasing should be addressed as a context-sensitive issue of reduplicant-base, in the lights of natural and prosodic phonology, collectively, but not in the absence of one against another, at least for the sensitive phonemic coda, like /m/, in hand.
Personality Prediction from Social Media Text: An Overview

—Today’s world is witnessing great increase in the use of Social Media. People use them as a platform to share their feelings, emotions and experiences along with lot of personal information. All such information could be used in advantageous ways to help increase the Business and understand the user need. Personality prediction has gained lot of focus nowadays. It studies behavior of users and reflects the thinking, feelings etc. Traditional ways to take survey that was time consuming, for large number of users there is need of automatic prediction. Users are dynamic and can have their account on multiple platforms as they can have multi-context information. This survey gives an overview of different strategies used to predict the personality and behavior using the content available on social sites. Ability to predict user’s personality traits can help to build many customized services or products. Finally, the last section gives the Future trends and directions.
Concomitant therapies for varicose veins: Our high-volume, single-center experiences in the UK

Citation: Elshiekh A, Matharu NM, Abhinav V. Concomitant therapies for varicose veins: Our high-volume, single-center experiences in the UK. Turk J Vasc Surg 2020;29(x):i-v ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aims to assess the feasibility of combined truncal endothermal ablation (ETA) and ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) in a single treatment session and compare this technique to published re-intervention rates following truncal ablation alone. Patients and methods: The study was a retrospective data analysis of prospectively collected data. The patients had a preoperative US and then Endothermal Ablation (ETA) with concomitant UGFS. The need for a secondary treatment, technical success, operation time, patient satisfaction, complications, and recurrence were evaluated. Results: The mean follow-up was 4.38 months. The technical success was achieved in all patients. Sixty-six (93%) of the patients did not need further treatments. Five patients (7%) needed further interventions with repeated combined ETA and UGFS (n=1, 1.4%) and sclerotherapy (n=4, 5.6%). These interventions did not increase the financial cost of treatment, compared to ETA alone. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that one-stop dual therapy for the treatment of VV is associated with less need for further treatment, compared to truncal ETA alone without increasing the treatment cost.
Making the Case for Switched Reluctance Motors for Propulsion Applications

This paper makes the case that Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) is an exceptionally attractive technology to respond to the increasing demand in propulsion applications for high-efficiency, high-performance, and low-cost motors with a more secure supply chain. The paper also presents methods to effectively reduce torque ripple and acoustic noise, which have been the major issues impeding the widespread use of SRMs. Finally, SRM designs for two propulsion motors, one for an e-bike and the other for a hybrid electric vehicle application, are presented which have been proposed to replace permanent magnet machines.
A new species of Postia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from China based on morphological and molecular evidence

A new polypore, Postia duplicata , collected in Yunnan and Zhejiang provinces, is described and illustrated on the basis of morphological and molecular characters. Postia duplicata is characterized by pileate basidiomata with pale brownish to brown pore surface when bruised, duplex context, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, presence of gloeocystidia in the hymenium, and cylindrical basidiospores (3.8–5.8 × 1.8–2.5 µm). Both morphological and molecular evidence confirmed the placement of the new species in Postia and showed its phylogenetic relationships.
The skull and jaw musculature as guides to the ancestry of salamanders

The fossil record provides no evidence supporting a unique common ancestry for frogs, salamanders and apodans. The ancestors of the modern orders may have diverged from one another as recently as 250 million years ago, or as long ago as 400 million years according to current theories of various authors. In order to evaluate the evolutionary patterns of the modern orders it is necessary to determine whether their last common ancestor was a rhipidistian fish, a very primitive amphibian, a labyrimhodom or a ‘lissamphibian’. The broad cranial similarities of frogs and salamanders, especially the dominance of the braincase as a supporting element, can be associated with the small size of the skull in their immediate ancestors. Hynobiids show the most primitive cranial pattern known among the living salamander families and “provide a model for determining the nature of the ancestors of the entire order. Features expected in ancestral salamanders include: (1) Emargination of the cheek; (2) Movable suspensorium formed by the quadrate, squamosal and pterygoid; (3) Occipital condyle posterior to jaw articulation; (4) Distinct prootic and opisthotic; (5) Absence ol otic notch; (6) Stapes forming a structural link between braincase and cheek. In the otic region, cheek and jaw suspension, the primitive salamander pattern (resembles most closely the microsaurs among known Paleozoic amphibians, and shows no significant features in common with either ancestral frogs or the majority of labyrinth odonts. The basic pattern of the adductor jaw musculature is consistent within both frogs and salamanders, but major differences are evident between the two groups. The dominance of the adductor mandibulae externus in salamanders can be associated with the open cheek in all members of that order, and the small size of this muscle in frogs can be associated with the large otic notch. The spread of different muscles over the otic capsule, the longus head ol the adductor mandibulae posterior in frogs and the superficial head of the adductor mandibulae internus in salamanders, indicates that fenestration of the skull posterodorsal to the orbit occurred separately in the ancestors of the two groups. Reconstruction of the probable pattern of the jaw musculature in Paleozoic amphibians indicates that frogs and salamanders might have evolved from a condition hypothesized for primitive labyrinthodonts, but the presence of a large otic notch in dissorophids suggests specialization toward the anuran, not the urodele condition. The presence of either an einarginated cheek or an embayment of the lateral surface of the dentary and the absence of an otic notch in microsaurs indicate a salamander-like distribution of die adductor jaw muscles. The ancestors of frogs and salamanders probably diverged from one another in the early Carboniferous, Frogs later evolved from small labyrinthodonts and salamanders from microsaurs. Features considered typical of lissamphibians evolved separately in the two groups in the late Permian andTriassic.
Effects of Fibrolytic Enzymes on Ruminal Fermentation and Digestibility in Steers Fed Diets with Sodium Bicarbonate

Abstract Montañez-Valdez, O.D. , Pinos-Rodríguez, J.M. , Martínez-Tinajero, J.J., Rojo-Rubio, R. , Salinas-Chavira, J. and Avellaneda-Cevallos, J.H. 2010. Effects of fibrolytic enzymes on ruminal fermentation and digestibility in steers fed diets with Sodium bicarbonate. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 38: 191–196. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (ENZ) on ruminal fermentation and disappearance in steers fed high-concentrate diets with sodium bicarbonate (SB, 3% of total diet). Six ruminally cannulated steers (450±15 kg) were randomly assigned to a replicate 3×3 Latin square. Experimental high-concentrate diets (70% concentrate DM) were as follow: control; ENZ (0.3% enzymes) and ENZ+BS (0.3% enzymes plus 3% SB). Dry matter intake, ruminal pH, ammonia N, ruminal disappearance of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber of diets were not affected by ENZ or ENZ+SB. Steers fed ENZ and ENZ+SB spent more time ruminating and resting and less time eating than steers on control diet. Ruminal pH and ammonia N concentrations in steers fed ENZ+BS were greater than in steers fed ENZ or not supplemented. There were scarce effects of fibrolytic enzymes on Ruminal disappearance and fermentation of high-concentrate diet with sodium bicarbonate for steers.