Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Securing Technique Using Pattern-Based LSB Audio Steganography and Intensity-Based Visual Cryptography

: With the increasing need of sensitive or secret data transmission through public network, security demands using cryptography and steganography are becoming a thirsty research area of last few years. These two techniques can be merged and provide better security which is nowadays extremely required. The proposed system provides a novel method of information security using the techniques of audio steganography combined with visual cryptography. In this system, we take a secret image and divide it into several subparts to make more than one incomprehensible sub-images using the method of visual cryptography. Each of the sub-images is then hidden within individual cover audio files using audio steganographic techniques. The cover audios are then sent to the required destinations where reverse steganography schemes are applied to them to get the incomprehensible component images back. At last, all the sub-images are superimposed to get the actual secret image. This method is very secure as it uses a two-step security mechanism to maintain secrecy. The possibility of interception is less in this technique because one must have each piece of correct sub-image to regenerate the actual secret image. Without superimposing every one of the sub-images meaningful secret images cannot be formed. Audio files are composed of densely packed bits. The high density of data in audio makes it hard for a listener to detect the manipulation due to the proposed time-domain audio steganographic method.
Learner-generated content and the lexical recall of beginning-level learners of Chinese as a foreign language

This study investigates the effect of personal investment in the form of learner-generated content (LGC) on the lexical recall of beginning-level learners of Chinese. The study employed a 2 × 2 repeated-measures design with content at two levels – teacher-generated content or TGC, and learner-generated content or LGC – and time at two levels (immediate, delayed). Quantitative results were triangulated with qualitative thematic analyses of follow-up interviews. The study was conducted at an Australian university and aimed to identify a way of modifying current intentional vocabulary learning activities to increase learner investment in the learning process and improve retention. Participants completed two versions of a picture description activity that was commonly used to introduce and practice new vocabulary in the program. The first version (TGC) was based on a picture that Chinese teachers chose to illustrate ten words learners did not know and that were pedagogic targets. The second (LGC) was based on pictures that learners selected as being personally meaningful and that illustrated ten words that they did not know in Chinese but wanted to learn. Findings revealed significant differences in recall for LGC words over TGC words on both immediate and delayed post-tests, and a significant interaction between content and time, demonstrating a faster rate of decay in memory for TGC words than LGC words. Follow-up interviews indicated that LGC words were more meaningful to learners in terms of relevance, interest, emotional value and associations with world knowledge. Results are discussed in terms of how LGC vocabulary activities might be used in second language (L2) courses.
Influence of graphene/ferriferrous oxide hybrid particles on the properties of nitrile rubber

The reinforcement of rubber by graphene has generated great interest in recent years. The dispersion of graphene in a rubber matrix, however, remains a challenge. In this study, ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) was used as a carrier to prepare graphene/Fe3O4 hybrid particles, in order to improve the dispersion of graphene in nitrile rubber (NBR). The graphene hybrid particles prepared by co-precipitation synthesis was added into NBR solution to prepare composites. Results show that there was about 90% improvement in tensile strength when 4 phr of graphene hybrid particles (equally only 0.5 phr of graphene in NBR) were added to the matrix. In contrast, the tensile strength of NBR decreased when 4 phr of Fe3O4 were added. SEM and XRD both explained the mechanism for the reinforcement of graphene hybrid particles. The DMA results show higher Tg and a higher value of tanδ for the modified NBR, further proving the reinforcement mechanism, i.e. the hybridization of graphene and Fe3O4 improves the dispersion of graphene in NBR and the interfacial action of graphene with NBR. Moreover, addition of graphene hybrid particles gives NBR extra properties such as surface wettability and magnetism, providing a useful guide for the preparation of functional graphene/rubber composites.
Complete Simulation and Fault Diagnosis of Sucker-Rod Pumping (includes associated comment)

In this paper, we study the simulation and fault diagnosis of a conventional pumping unit under balanced conditions. As the energy input of sucker-rod pumping (SRP), the motor power contains abundant information about the whole pumping cycle under SRP. It is an important step in oilfield information construction to establish a computer-aided system that is based on motor power diagnosis. Hence, we propose an SRP simulation model for generating motor power. By analyzing the working conditions of six oil wells that contain normal or insufficient liquid supply, gas lock, traveling valve leakage, standing valve leakage, and parting rod, we simulate the motor power of the six wells. In addition, we verify the simulation model using a test well with favorable performance and establish the motor power template set (MPTS) using this simulation model. To allow for computer-aided diagnosis, we propose the use of the area proportion method to extract motor power features. We establish a diagnosis model of oilwell conditions that is based on oblique decision tree and train the diagnosis model using the MPTS. Through the verification of six oil wells in the actual production of the oil field, the diagnosis model shows a favorable response. The test results show that the methods of establishing MPTS and oilwell working-condition diagnosis are feasible.
On the impact of batch effect correction in TCGA isomiR expression data

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with diverse functions in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Sequence and length variants of miRNAs are called isomiRs and can exert different functions compared to their canonical counterparts. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) provides isomiR-level expression data for patients of various cancer entities collected in a multi-center approach over several years. However, the impact of batch effects within individual cohorts has not been systematically investigated and corrected for before. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify relevant cohort-specific batch variables and generate batch-corrected isomiR expression data for 16 TCGA cohorts. The main batch variables included sequencing platform, plate, sample purity and sequencing depth. Platform bias was related to certain length and sequence features of individual recurrently affected isomiRs. Furthermore, significant downregulation of reported tumor suppressive isomiRs in lung tumor tissue compared to normal samples was only observed after batch correction, highlighting the importance of working with corrected data. Batch-corrected datasets for all cohorts including quality control are provided as supplement. In summary, this study reveals that batch effects present in the TCGA dataset might mask biologically relevant effects and provides a valuable resource for research on isomiRs in cancer (accessible through GEO: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi? acc=GSE164767).
Environmental Risk Factors of Hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis infections among school children in rural areas Kutai Kertanegara Regency, Indonesia.

Background: Hookworm and S. stercoralis are still challenge in public health problem especially in developing countries where have environmental risk factors that are potential for transmitting of hookworm and S. stercoralis in Kutai Kertanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia have high-risk factors of the prevalence of hookworm and S. stercoralis especially environmental risk factors. Methods: In this study was showed the infection rates, correlation analysis between risk factors, and prevalence of hookworm and S. stercoralis were used statistical analysis. A cross-sectional study was performed among 107 schoolchildren participants from rural schoolchildren of Kutai Kertanegara Regency, Indonesia. This study used two diagnostic methods: Kato Katz and Koga agar plate culture/KAP culture for diagnosing hookworm and Strongyloides infections. Pearson chi-square analysis was used to the study correlation between environmental risk factors with hookworm and S stercoralis infections. Results: Hookworm, and S stercoralis were found in this study; 37 (31.8) and 11 (10.3%) respectively. hookworm infection has been correlated significantly with school location (OR: 1.78 (95%CI: 0.87-3.71, p-value=0.006). While S. stercoralis infection has correlated significantly such as school location (OR: 1.28 (95%CI: 0.73-2.23, (p=0.027), Environmental risk others have not significantly correlated with hookworm infection among school children. While S stercoralis infection has correlated with environmental risk factors such as the texture of soil (OR: 5.50 (95%CI: 0.84-36.01, p-value: 0.010), wet soil surrounding houses (OR: 5.50 (0.84-36.02, p-value: 0.010). School location in surrounding rice field (OR: 5.50 (95%CI: 0.84-36.02, p-value: 0.012). Elevation in hill area (OR: 5.50 (95%CI: 0.84-36.02, p-value: 0.010). Conclusions: This study has explained the determinant of environmental risk factors and the prevalence of hookworm infection and S. stercoralis in schoolchildren. The risk factors should be used for preventing program of reduced prevalence of hookworm and S stercoralis infections in schoolcrildren, especially in rural areas.
Novel Universal Windowing Multicarrier Waveform for 5G Systems

: Fifth Generation (5G) systems aim to improve flexibility, coexistence and diverse service in several aspects to achieve the emerging applications requirements. Windowing and filtering of the traditional multicarrier waveforms are now considered common sense when designing more flexible waveforms. This paper proposed a Universal Windowing Multi-Carrier (UWMC) waveform design platform that is flexible, providing more easily coexists with different pulse shapes, and reduces the Out of Band Emissions (OOBE), which is generated by the traditional multicarrier methods that used in the previous generations of the mobile technology. The novel proposed approach is different from other approaches that have been proposed, and it is based on applying a novel modulation approach for the Quadrature-Amplitude Modulation (64-QAM) which is considered very popular in mobile technology. This new approach is done by employing flexible pulse shaping windowing, by assigning windows to various bands. This leads to decreased side-lobes, which are going to reduce OOBE and boost the spectral efficiency by assigning them to edge subscribers only. The new subband windowing (UWMC) will also maintain comprehensively the non-orthogonality by a variety of windowing and make sure to reduces the Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function Cubic Metric (CCDF-CM) by 24%. indicates ICI to improved UWMC signals, and is more flexible for different numerology for FR1 FR2 compared shows better performance and consumes lower than the CP-OFDM and conventional UFMC.
High energy neutrino and gamma-ray emissions from the jets of M33 X-7 microquasar

In this work, after testing the reliability of our algorithms through numerical simulations on the well-studied SS 433 Galactic microquasar, we focus on neutrino and γ-ray emissions from the extragalactic M33 X-7 system. This is a recently discovered X-ray binary system located in the neighbouring galaxy Messier 33 which has not yet been modelled in detail. The neutrino and γ-ray energy spectra, produced from the magnetized astrophysical jet of M33 X-7, in the context of our method are assumed to originate from the decay (and scattering) processes taking place among the secondary particles produced assuming that, first, hot (relativistic) protons of the jet scatter on thermal ones (p-p interaction mechanism).
Incorporating Inter-System Bias in Single Point Positioning Based on GPS, Galileo and BeiDou System

The increasing number of satellites provides new opportunities. In the experiment presented in this paper, the Single Point Positioning technique is tested. Data from four different receivers were used in the tests. The GPS, Galileo and BeiDou System observations were collected over a three day long observational session. The computational process was carried out using self‑made software and point positions were obtained as the result. The goal of the test was to verify the impact of the Inter‑System Bias (ISB) on the final results. For this purpose, two cases of processing data were compared: with estimating ISB and without taking into account this parameter. In the paper the formulas of the mathematical models used are presented and, in both of the considered cases, a combination of GPS, BDS and Galileo was used. The results show that in the case where the ISB was taken into account, the accuracy and precision in the positioning was much better than in the approach where the ISB was not considered. Estimating the ISB allows for more precise positioning results to be obtained for car-navigation or GIS purposes.
Quantifying the Permeability of the Apoplastic Water Barrier in Cosmos Petals

[Abstract] The capacity of plants to minimize uncontrolled water loss is essential for survival in adverse and changing climatic conditions. In order to assess and compare the effectiveness of apoplastic barriers to water, the permeability of the barrier must first be quantified. Studies have accomplished this directly by quantifying tritium flux or indirectly by measuring the influx/efflux of water surrogates such as dyes, chlorophyll, and herbicides. Other studies have relied on comparative methods such as survival rates after drought. These methods rely on radioactive material, correlations, or qualitative comparisons. However, a quantitative method is necessary that directly measures water efflux and that allows easy comparisons within and between experiments, plant parts, plant species, and especially research laboratories. Here we outline in detail a gravimetric protocol first described by Schönherr and Lendzian (1981) that can be set up in less than half a day and completed in one to ten days depending on the plant barrier. This approach has been used in numerous studies on leaf and fruit cuticles and recently also on petals from cosmos ( Cosmos bipinnatus ; Buschhaus et al. , 2015).
The effect of e-learning in developing high thinking skills

This research aims to investigate the impact of adopting e-learning in an attempt to enhance higher thinking skills among students at the University of Jordan. In addition, we examine the relationship between e-learning and higher thinking skills and identify the effect of e-learning on higher thinking skills at the University of Jordan. The study examines the effect of using e-learning effectiveness and its effect on developing higher students’ thinking skills at the university level. The study also focuses on intellectual education for high-level thinking and the impact of the e-learning environment on a group of students at the University of Jordan. The target community for this study is undergraduate students at the University of Jordan, in Amman, Jordan. The resulted sample consists of 45 students. During the experiment, two research tools were used to analyze the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The quantitative data are collected from the students’ perception analyzed using some statistical tests. The results of the research indicate that students could be helped to enhance higher-order thinking skills and maybe enriched by integrating an e-learning model into teaching and learning. There is also a positive relationship between e-learning and higher thinking skills at the University of Jordan. The experimental results of this study indicate several results, as the adoption of the e-learning model led to a significant improvement in the higher thinking skills of students. The e-learning model can remove many social and cultural barriers.
Long Short-Term Memory Neural Networks for Modeling Nonlinear Electronic Components

This article presents a new macromodeling approach for nonlinear electronic components and circuits based on long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. LSTM proposes a more efficient training process in comparison with the conventional recurrent neural network (RNN) training. Conventional structures such as RNN suffer from the gradient vanishing problem during the training process. LSTM addresses this issue and solves this problem in an efficient way. In order to train the proposed structure, some input and output waveforms of the original circuit, called training waveforms, should be obtained from simulation tools or measurements. Model creation using proposed method does not require information on details inside the components and input–output training waveforms are sufficient to construct the model. The provided numerical results in this article show that the proposed method is more efficient than RNN techniques for modeling components and packages in terms of both speed and accuracy. The findings suggest that the proposed method significantly reduces the training time in comparison with conventional state-of-art modeling techniques. Furthermore, simulation time of the obtained model from the proposed technique is less than both conventional models (such as SPICE models) used in circuit simulation tools and models obtained from conventional RNN method. Three practical examples, namely, an audio amplifier, Texas Instruments (TIs) SN74AHCT540 device, and MOS inverter, are utilized to manifest the validity of the proposed macromodeling approach.
Trade-off Between Efficiency and Effectiveness: A Late Fusion Multi-view Clustering Algorithm

Late fusion multi-view clustering (LFMVC) algorithms aim to integrate the base partition of each single view into a consensus partition. Base partitions can be obtained by performing kernel k-means clustering on all views. This type of method is not only computationally efficient, but also more accurate than multiple kernel k-means, and is thus widely used in the multi-view clustering context. LFMVC improves computational efficiency to the extent that the computational complexity of each iteration is reduced from O n ð Þ to O n ð Þ (where n is the number of samples). However, LFMVC also limits the search space of the optimal solution, meaning that the clustering results obtained are not ideal. Accordingly, in order to obtain more information from each base partition and thus improve the clustering performance, we propose a new late fusion multi-view clustering algorithm with a computational complexity of O n ð Þ. Experiments on several commonly used datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can reach quickly convergence. Moreover, compared with other late fusion algorithms with computational complexity of O n ð Þ, the actual time consumption of the proposed algorithm does not significantly increase. At the same time, comparisons with several other state-of-the-art algorithms reveal that the proposed algorithm also obtains the best clustering performance.
Trends on Science Education Research Topics in Education Journals

This research aims to identify the trends in the field of science education, during the last decade. Generally, these trends are compatible with the developments in the field of science education, which mostly emphasize teaching practices and methods. Similar projects have been carried out during previous decades, focusing on research articles published in journals specializing in science education. Instead, the emphasis of this study is on journals that focus generally on the field of education research. The findings show that there are articles in these journals addressing science education and overall, they reflect the developments in the research of the particular field.
Kinetics of Performic Acid Synthesis and Decomposition

The kinetics of performic acid decomposition was studied with a gas-volumetric technique in which we measured the volume of gas developed over time as a consequence of the reaction. Several kinetic runs were performed in the presence of catalytic amounts of H2SO4 and H3PO4 and in autocatalytic conditions by mixing solutions of HCOOH and H2O2. The trends of the curves of the gas volume (CO2) released, as a function of time, were all characterized by a more or less long induction time, followed by a straight line. Induction time appeared to be related to the kinetics of performic acid formation, rapidly reaching the equilibrium, while the successive linear trends corresponded to performic acid decomposition. A kinetic model was developed to interpret all the kinetic runs performed. The kinetic parameters with the best fits were determined, and the model was used to also simulate kinetic runs performed by other authors.
Openwork scheduling for steep-grade iron-ore deposits with the help of near-vertical layers

Purpose is to develop efficient scheduling to excavate steep-grade iron-ore deposits using near-vertical layers relying upon production practices by an open pit of Poltava Mining-and-Processing Integrated Works (MPIW). Methods. The goal achievement involved system analysis of openwork scheduling for steep-grade iron-ore deposits by means of near-vertical layers in an open pit of Poltava MPIW; the scheduling process was structured from the viewpoint of decision-making under uncertainty. Findings. New scheduling methods to excavate steep-grade iron-ore deposits by means of near-vertical layers have been developed. The methods have been represented in the informal (descriptive) structure being mandatory for further transition to formalization of certain stages of technological decision-making during scheduling. To improve the scheduling efficiency, it is recommended to prepare initial process data using K-MINE software; Deswik software is recommended to determine economic indices as well as pit outlines. Originality.For the first time ever, a new mechanism of expedient spatiotemporal control of the specific excavation volumes while varying both “starting” time and intensity of a layer mining has been identified for the traditional openwork. The mechanism makes it possible to implement piecewise stable dynamics of annual output. Moreover, it also helps solve inverse problem, i.e. determine target values of spatiotemporal controlled parameters (i.e. “starting” time and intensity of the layer mining) for the required dynamics of ore and overburden excavation amounts. Practical implications. The proposed methods concerning scheduling steep-grade iron-ore deposit mining using near-vertical layers relying upon production practices by an open pit of Poltava MPIW have been tested successfully. Their efficiency has been proved. Currently, they are the key procedures being applied to schedule extraction using near-vertical layers in the context of the considered open pit. Keywords: iron-ore deposits, openwork, steep-grade layers, scheduling