Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cold and diet induced thermogenesis in humans; Implications for obesity

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Caracterización química de la harina del fruto de Prosopis spp. procedente de Bolivia y Brasil

Los frutos maduros de tres especies de algarroba procedentes de Bolivia (Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stunz, P. alba Grisebach y P. nigra (Grisebach) Hieronymus) y una de Brasil (P.juliflora (SW) DC) fueron estudiadas para determinar algunos factores nutricionales y antinutricionales. P. nigra presento los niveles mas elevados de proteina bruta (11,33 g/100g materia seca-MS), cenizas (4,12 g /100g MS) y P. juliflora los menores niveles de lipidos (0,79 g /100g MS), proteina bruta (8,84g / 100g MS), fibra alimentaria (40,15 g/100g MS), el nivel mas elevado de azucares no reductores (52,51 g/100g MS) y la mayor digestibilidad* proteica in vitro (66,45%). La cantidad de inhibidor de tripsina (0,29 a 9,32 UTI / mg MS) fue inferior al de la soya cruda, en la cual la P. juliflora se destaco. Con relacion a la saponina, hemaglutinina y polifenoles, los niveles encontrados son considerados bajos. Los niveles encontrados de nitrato son mas elevados que los reportados en arvejas y frijoles, siendo la P. chilensis la que presento el mayor valor (2,92g NO3 - /kg MS). Los niveles de fitatos en las muestras variaron de 1,31 a 1,53 g/100 g MS
The process of adhering to aerosol therapy in adolescents with cystic fibrosis : patient and parent perspectives

Advances in medicine and healthcare have resulted in significant improvements for those children and adolescents living with a chronic health condition. However, the treatments prescribed will only work if they are taken. Rates of adherence to treatment in cystic fibrosis are low. This is especially true for adherence to aerosol therapy, a particular concern considering the reliance on aerosol therapy for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The advent of Adaptive Aerosol Delivery™ (AAD) technology has enabled accurate and objective measurement of adherence to aerosol therapy treatment. However, the factors which influence the process of adhering to aerosol therapy remain largely elusive. Therefore, the current study aims to qualitatively explore the process of adhering to aerosol therapy in a clinical sample of adolescents with CF from both a patient and parent perspective. In addition, objective data downloaded from an AAD device (the I-neb™, Respironics, Chichester, UK) will be used to cue reflections on actual events around adherence. 12 participants were interviewed (six parent-child dyads). The participating adolescents were all aged between 11 and 16 years and had a CF diagnosis. There were five mothers and one father who took part. The parent and adolescent data were analysed separately using the Grounded Theory Method. Nine core categories for the parent data and nine core categories for the adolescent data were developed into a coherent framework and represented as a theoretical formulation which described the process of adhering to aerosol therapy from both a parent and adolescent patient perspective. The theoretical formulation highlights the complexity involved and details the numerous interacting biological, psychological, social and environmental influences on adherence to aerosol therapy. These findings are discussed in relation to the existing literature and clinical implications are considered. The results of the current study complement and extend previous research on adherence in CF.
An exploration of the presence and enactment of caring in the human resource management of nurses in KwaZulu-Natal hospitals.

AN EXPLORATION OF THE PRESENCE AND ENACTMENT OF CARING IN THE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF NURSES IN KWAZULU-NATAL HOSPITALS STUDENT: DEGREE: SUPERVISOR: ANSIE MINNAAR DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in NURSING PROF. L R UYS The aim of the study was to explore the practice of caring in human resource management of nurses. Both the qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used to ensure that the richness and the complexities of caring is reflected in the study. A qualitative analysis of the interviews vvth nurse managers and nurses indicated that they saw caring as an important part of their task. They saw caring in human resource management of nurses mainly as dealing vvth the interpersonal aspectspersonal problem-solving-, development and growth-, welfare needs-, and HIV/AIDS issues related to nurses. A quantitative survey of nurses from different levels was done to explore the presence and enactment of caring in the formulating strategies, structuring the work, workforce planning, staffing process and in the utilising and maintaining of nurses. It was found, according to respondents that caring was not present to satisfactory levels in the human resource management process of nurses, although caring concepts, as well as Christian principles, were present and clearly described in the mission, philosophies and goals and objectives of the hospitals. The fact that nurse managers are not solely responsible for the experiences of nurses and the way nurses expressed themselves on the caring issues in human resource management in the study should be emphasised. Organisational factors such as salaries and benefits of nurses, shortage of nurses at national and international levels, organisational structures and other financial ccnstrains in hospitals, contribute to the experiences of nurses in this study. Health service administrators, nurse managers and nurses should all take the responsibility to find means to improve and instil caring in hospitals. Therefore the decision to train nurse managers and to upgrade the management knowledge and the implementation of caring concepts in nursing management with relevant care and support to HIV/AIDS nurses, is of the utmost importance to equip nurse managers to survive in these demanding circumstances in the hospitals. Submitted in fulfilment of the academic requirements for the degree
Historical development of minimised cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract: This chapter discusses the history of the development of technologies for minimising the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system while addressing issues of perfomance, safety and convenience. Technologies that moderate complications of CPB include membrane-based oxygenator materials, surface modification, active filtration, autotransfusion, novel pumping systems and many other pharmacological interventions and clinical techniques. Factors affecting safe deployment of mini-bypass systems include concern over passage of air through the system and the need for a team-focused approach to safe perfusion delivery. These factors are discussed with reference to general perfusion concepts.
The Labor Market Status of Foreign Born Vietnamese Americans

Vietnamese Americans experience significant wage discrimination and occupational discrimination. Vietnamese men and women earn less than comparable non-Hispanic white Americans. Vietnamese men face discrimination in wages on the order of 10%, and this does not seem to vary significantly by region of residence or level of education. Vietnamese women face varying amounts of discrimination depending on their region of residence and their level of education. Vietnamese men and women are less likely to be promoted to managerial and supervisory positions than comparable non-Hispanic white Americans.
Histopathology of Helicobacter pylori in Chronic Dyspepsia Patients

ABSTRACT Background: xe "Helicobacter pylori" Helicobacter pylori ( xe "H. pylori" H. pylori) are the most common infection found in dyspepsia cases. This infection is almost always found in digestive tract inflammation and commonly develops into xe "chronic gastritis" chronic gastritis. Meanwhile, xe "chronic gastritis" chronic gastritis is a condition assumed as the early event in pathological abnormalities of the stomach which finally may develop into carcinoma of the gaster. In Indonesia, data describing the incidence of xe "H. pylori" xe "H. pylori infection" H. pylori infection based on the histopathological appearance, location of specimen collection, inflammatory degree, and age of chronic dyspepsia patients is not yet available. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of xe "H. pylori" H. pylori based on histopathology appearance in chronic dyspepsia patients in Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. Method: This study is a cross sectional descriptive study by performing endoscopy-biopsy and histopathology examination to chronic dyspepsia patients who came to Gastroenterohepatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta on 1 January 2009 - 31 December 2010. Results: More than 90% subjects were > 40 year old with the distribution of majority patients were 46-55 year old (32.43%). The most commonly found endoscopic appearance in subjects with positive xe "H. pylori" H. pylori was xe "superficial chronic gastritis" superficial xe "chronic gastritis" chronic gastritis (81.08%) with mild inflammatory degree (64.86%) and majority located in the antrum 97.3%. Conclusion: The proporsion of xe "H. pylori" xe "H. pylori infection" H. pylori infection in male and female was almost equal and was mostly found in the age group of 46-55 year old. This infection frequently happens in chronic dyspepsia who has histopathologic appearance of xe "superficial chronic gastritis" superficial xe "chronic gastritis" chronic gastritis with mild inflammatory degree in the antrum area. Keywords: xe "Helicobacter pylori" Helicobacter pylori, xe "superficial chronic gastritis" superficial xe "chronic gastritis" chronic gastritis, age
Factors Associated with Mortality of Patients Undergoing Angiography for Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Acute massive gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding patients with negative endoscopic findings are frequently referred for emergent visceral angiography. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors associated with in-hospital mortality of these patients. The records of 97 consecutive patients who underwent emergent visceral angiography for acute massive GI bleeding between December 1998 and May 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analysis of relevant factors was performed to determine contributions of these factors to in-hospital mortality. The impact of treatment on survival was analyzed in relation to the pre-angiography levels of significant clinical factors. In-hospital mortality occurred in 41.2% (40 of 97) of patients. Multivariate analysis identified association of comorbidity (p= 0.006), coagulopathy (p ＜0.001), and conservative treatment (p=0.005) associated with higher mortality. Non-conservative treatment significantly improved survival of patient with comorbidity (p = 0.001) or without coagulopathy (p=0.011). In patients undergoing angiography for massive gastrointestinal bleeding, presence of comorbidity and coagulopathy, and conservative treatment are associated with higher mortality.
Analysis of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI Datasets

The purpose of this research is to perform automated analysis of 4D dynamic contrast enhanced MRI datasets (DCE-MRI) of the habd and wrist relating to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) studies. In DCE-MRI, sequences of images are acquired from the joints over time, during which a contrast agent pre-injected into a patient enhances disease affected tissues. Measurement of this enhancement, which is specific to voxels representing particular tissue types, allows assessment of the patient's condition. Currently, analysis of DCE-MRI data is performed using semi-automated or manula techniques, which are time-consuming and subjective. These approaches involve no pre-processing techniques that can compensate for patient motion and hardware instability, or locate the tissue of interest. In this thesis we present a solution for fully automated objective assessment of DCE-MRI data acquired from RA patients. Analysis begins with application of a registration technique that permits compensation for patient motion. Secondly, independent automatic algorithms for accurate segmentation of both bone interiors, joint exteriors, and blood vessels from data volumes of the metacarpophalangeal joints are introduced. Performance of the segmentation algorithms is evaluated with both state-of-the-art and novel techniques developed as a part of this thesis. We have utilised and enhanced a supervised approach and developed a family of unsupervised metrics for automated evaluation of segmentation outputs. Lastly, the datasets are interpreted using a model-based approach, which permits understanding of the behaviour of tissues undergoing the medical procedure, and allows for a robust and accurate extraction of various parameters that quantify the extent of inflammation in RA patients. The algorithms proposed have been demonstrated on datasets acquired with both low and high field scanners, from different joints, using various pulse sequences. They are user-independent, time efficient, and generate easily reproducible and objective results. Expert observers found our results promising for possibly future diagnosis and monitoring of RA patients.
HEMORRHAGIC BOWEL SYNDROME IN DAIRY CATTLE IN IRAN: A CASE REPORT

Summary Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome is a highly fatal intestinal disease of adult dairy cattle with uncertain cause. In a dairy herd in Khorasan Razavi province, Northeast of Iran, two cows showed depression, anorexia, decrease in milk production, ruminal hypomotility, bruxism and dehydration. At necropsy, massive hemorrhage and clot formation was observed within the jejunum and bacterial culture of the intestinal ingesta and lesions showed the presence of a large number of Clostridium perfringens. Subacute ruminal acidosis was detected in fresh and mid-lactation cows. This report shows the possibility of diagnosis of other hemorrhagic bowel syndrome cases in dairy cows in Iran.
Orphan drugs in oncology

SincetheEMA/EuropeanMedicinesAgencyhasimplementedaregulationintend-ing to stimulate the developmentof drugs for rare diseases in 2000, 858 drugs havereceived Orphan Drug Designations, but only 62 drugs have yet received MarketingAuthorisation as an “orphan drug”. To beneﬁt from the incentives (reduced fees formarketing-authorisationapplicationsandprotectionfrommarketcompetition),com-panies intending to develop an orphan medicine must submit an application to theEuropeanMedicinesAgencyrequesting’orphandesignation’fortheirmedicine. Theapplication is evaluated by the Agency’sCommittee for Orphan Medicinal Products(COMP), which provides its opinion on whether or not the medicine qualiﬁes as anorphanmedicine for the treatment, preventionor diagnosis of a rare disease, deﬁnedas a condition affecting no more than 5 in 10,000 people in the EU. If the COMPissuesa positiveopinion,theEMA maythengrantthemedicineorphanstatus: allofthem registered in the Register of designated Orphan Medicinal Products [1]. Even though a wide variety of diseases fulﬁl this criterion, the largest group(45.2%) for which the COMP has adopted a positive opinion as well as of the 62drugs ﬁnally having received marketing authorisation (35.5)% were for oncologytreatments [2]. By April 2011, 21 oncologic drugs (between 1 and 5 per year) havebeenapprovedasorphandrugs(seeTable1),someofthemformorethanoneindica-tion. According to industry-forecasts, the number of designations will “continue toincrease exponentially” [3] within the next months and years and consequently willthe numberof successful marketing authorisations.While the regulationfor orphandrugs, originallyintendedto providea favourableeconomic environment for the development of drugs for which either no marketor a too fragmented markets for the generation of adequate return on investmentexist, is euphorically discussed in pharma-fora and at biotech-conferences, health
Evidence-informed nursing: a guide for clinical nurses

1. An Introduction to Evidence Informed-care 2. Implementing Evidence Informed Nursing: Research Awareness 3. Critically Appraising Research Studies 4. Benefits of Research to Nursing Practice 5. Reflective Practice and Decision Making Related to Research Implementation 6. Evidence into Practice 7. The Importance of Research Dissemination and the Barriers to Implementation 8. Conclusion the Way Forward Appendix 1: Research Assignment Critique of a Research Paper
Knowledge, Compliance and Quality of Life of Mothers of Children with Atopic Dermatitis

Purpose: This study was conducted to survey knowledge, compliance, and quality of life of mothers who have children with atopic dermatitis, and to determine whether above mentioned factors influence each other. Methods: The participants in this study were 165 mothers of children with atopic dermatitis recruited from one out-patient clinic in a hospital in Seoul. The data were collected between March 8, and April 16, 2010 using a structured questionnaire. Results: The mean score for participants’ knowledge was 4.17/5, for compliance, 4.27/5 and for quality of life, 3.42/5. Among the five domains of quality of life, emotional status had the lowest score (3.20/5). Knowledge was significantly correlated with compliance (r=.215, p<.005). However, quality of life was not correlated with knowledge (r=-.069) and compliance (r=-.077). Conclusion: Accurate knowledge affects compliance of mothers of children with atopic dermatitis. Therefore, to increase the level of compliance, it is necessary to enhance the knowledge of the mothers. Results also suggest that interventions are needed to improve poor quality of life, particularly the emotional condition of mothers of children with atopic dermatitis.
Determinantes sociais das Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária em Guarulhos, São Paulo

The study goals present an overview of Hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSC) in Guarulhos, SP, from 2008 to 2012. This is an ecological study based on secondary data obtained from the Brazilian Hospital Information System, and supported by the Praxical Theory of Intervention of Collective Health Nursing. Applied descriptive statistics for analysis. It was observed that Guarulhos shows an upward trend in hospitalizations by ACSC (20% increase), the most frequent causes of heart failure (11.8%), cerebrovascular disease (10.6%) and angina (9.7%), most frequently in the age group ≥ 65years old, for both sexes. The results are similar to other Brazilian studies, but their analysis should extrapolate the biological limits and the supply of healthcare resources, focusing on the social determinants of the health-disease process.
Qualitative Experiences of Rural Postpartum Women and Implications for Rural Social Work

Geographic barriers and shortages of healthcare professionals in rural America have been well documented. These barriers and shortages influence rural women’s access to maternity and associated healthcare services during pregnancy and mothers’ postpartum period, but their perspectives about these realities have been overlooked. Semi-structured interviews with 24 mothers residing in a rural North Dakota county were conducted to understand their perspectives about both accessing healthcare services and parenting children in a rural context, with emphasis on understanding these mothers’ experiences using non-rural maternity care. Thematic analysis of qualitative interview data led to the emergence of three core themes. First, mothers in the sample minimized geographic barriers they had to overcome to access healthcare despite describing significant travel and weather challenges. Second, mothers expressed concern over the lack of affordable and flexible childcare in their rural community. Finally, mothers described different experiences within rural and non-rural settings, noting specific advantages and disadvantages of each. Although our findings cannot be generalized to other rural mothers, local qualitative inquiry can inform and improve the competency of social work services within rural communities.
Expression of Multidrug Resistance Protein and Messenger RNA Correlate with 99mTc-MIBI Imaging in Patients with Lung Cancer

UNLABELLED In vitro studies have shown that (99m)Tc-sestamibi (MIBI) is a transport substrate for the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) pump and the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) pump. However, whether MRP and lung resistance protein (LRP) affect tumor accumulation and efflux of (99m)Tc-MIBI in lung cancer is not known. In this study, we explored whether Pgp and the other pumps, MRP and LRP, affect tumor accumulation and efflux of (99m)Tc-MIBI in lung cancer. METHODS Thirty-four lung cancer patients who underwent surgery were examined. Before surgery, (99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT was performed 15 min and 180 min after injection, and early uptake, delayed uptake (L/Nd), and washout rate (L/Nwr) of (99m)Tc-MIBI were obtained. Pgp, MRP, and LRP expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry. The messenger RNA (mRNA) level of Pgp, MRP, and LRP was determined by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The lung cancer (99m)Tc-MIBI images were correlated with protein and mRNA expression. RESULTS The mean L/Nd of the Pgp (-) group was significantly higher than that of the Pgp (++) group (P = 0.0324). The Pgp (++) group had a higher L/Nwr than did the Pgp (-) group (P = 0.0269). The mean L/Nd of the Pgp mRNA low-expression group was significantly higher than that of the Pgp mRNA high-expression group (P = 0.0127). The Pgp mRNA high-expression group had a higher L/Nwr than did the Pgp mRNA low-expression group (P = 0.0825). No appreciable correlation was found between the lung cancer (99m)Tc-MIBI images and the expression of MRP or LRP on the level of protein or mRNA. CONCLUSION These data suggest that an increased level of Pgp expression correlates with a low accumulation on delayed scans and a high L/Nwr of (99m)Tc-MIBI in lung cancer. Neither MRP nor LRP expression on the level of either protein or mRNA correlated significantly with tumor accumulation or efflux of (99m)Tc-MIBI in lung cancer.
Judicious Management Of Tuberculosis Of Bones, Joints And Spine

Although osteoarticular tuberculosis is a disappearing problem in many affluent countries, yet, in the Eastern hemisphere of the world, where more than 60 percent of humanity lives, this still poses one of the major public health problems. Nearly one percent of all varieties of tuberculosis in man occur in the skeletal system. The major areas of predilection in most of the series are in the following order, spine, hip, knee, foot, elbow, wrist, shoulder and other (Tuli 1975, Silva 1980).