Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey on Social Annotation and Its Application in Information Retrieval

Social annotation as a new management and organization forms of resources has become a popular services on Internet and enterprise networks.It serves for four purposes: marking up,classification,resource detection and semantic feature,which can help user find out what they want.Hence,it is natural for social annotation to be used in information retrieval.This paper firstly introduces the conception,the objects and the methods of social annotation,then surveys on t the classification,the community detection and the semantic search with social annotation.Finally,it discusses the challenge and future work of social annotation research.
Are the Wall Street Analyst Rankings Popularity Contests?

Abstract We investigate the (sell-side) analyst rankings of Institutional Investor (I/I) and The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), using data from 1993–2005. We find that factors with a primary component of recognition are the most important determinants of the rankings, although performance measures are statistically significant determinants in some cases. The single exception to this finding is with existing WSJ stars, where industry-adjusted investment-recommendation performance is the only significant determinant of repeating as a star. Further, in the year after becoming stars, the recommendations of WSJ stars are significantly worse than those of nonstars; and the recommendations and earnings forecasts of I/I stars, as well as the earnings forecasts of WSJ stars, are not significantly different from those of nonstars. We conclude that these rankings are largely “popularity contests. ”
Islamıc Wealth Management in History and at Present

Wealth management has two basic components, accumulation of wealth and its re-distribution. I have explained in this article the basic principles according to which institutions actually see to it that wealth is accumulated and then re-distributed in an Islamic economy. I then focus on one particularly important institution, the awqaf. This is followed by a comparison of the Islamic waqfs with those of the West and China. Regarding the former, some special problems witnessed by the Turkish and Malaysian waqfs are also mentioned. More generally, an explanation of the decline of the Islamic waqf system is provided. Finally, the ongoing attempts for recovery are also briefly mentioned.
Domestic fuel price and economic sectors in Malaysia : a future of renewable energy?

This study empirically examines the relation between the domestic fuel prices with the ten disaggregated economic sectors in Malaysia with the spanning of data from 1990:Q1 to 2007:Q4. We found that only three sectors (agriculture, trade and other services sectors) are cointegrated with the fuel price and fuel price does Granger cause these sectors. Despite the evidence of non-cointegrated in most of the economic sectors, fuel price able to influence these sectors over a longer period. Policy recommendation from this study includes the utilization of the renewable energy (RE) as a strategic plan is the long-term solution due to the high dependency and increasing demand of energy. While energy prices have experienced some correction in response to signs of slower global growth, sufficient government enforcement and support need to be established to facilitate successful renewable energy implementation in Malaysia.
University Engagement as Interconnectedness: Indicators and Insights

This paper outlines research conducted in the second phase of the Higher Education Research and Advocacy in Africa (HERANA) project of the Centre for Higher Education Transformation (CHET). The research focused on devising indicators on university–community engagement by conceptualising engagement as ‘interconnectedness’. Interconnectedness describes the relationship (in tension) of academics engaging with those outside of the university while simultaneously linking back to the university. Interconnectedness is operationalised along two dimensions: (1) ‘articulation’ which describes the extent to which engagement activities link to the university’s strategic objectives and to external constituents in a sustainable manner, and (2) the ‘academic core’ which describes the extent to which engagement activities link to the university’s core functions of research and teaching and learning. Broadly speaking, the study aimed to develop a deeper understanding of the tension inherent in university engagement activities and, in particular, how these activities impact on the university as key knowledge producer.The study found that it is possible to develop a set of indicators to assess the extent to which university engagement activities are articulated and strengthening the core functions of universities. The concept of interconnectedness provides a useful framework for operationalising research on engagement activities, and the indicators and their graphical representation provide a useful tool for identifying patterns, and for revealing and confirming informative dimensions of university–community engagement activities. The study suggests that engagement between university academics and those external to the university is active. The nature of this engagement, however, varies considerably and, more portentously, based on the findings of this study, the degree to which such engagement activities can be said to be strengthening the university as key knowledge producing institution is uneven and too frequently marginal.
Inflation, price dispersion and market integration through the lens of a monetary search model

Monetary search theory implies that the real effects of inflation via its impact on price dispersion depend on the level of search costs and, thus, on the level of market integration. For less integrated markets, the inflation-price dispersion nexus is predicted to be asymmetrically V-shaped which results in an optimal inflation rate above zero. For highly integrated markets with low search costs, however, the impact of inflation on price dispersion should only be small. Using price data of the European Union member states, this paper is the first that tests and confirms these predictions of monetary search theory.
Political Pluralism, Public Policies, and Organizational Choices: Banking Branch Expansion in India, 1948–2003

Data on the expansion of 94 commercial banks in India from 1948 to 2003 were analyzed to test the proposition that political pluralism – wherein competing parties control the state and national governments of a nation – can promote business expansion. The results confirm that such political pluralism reduces the power of either government to constrain business decision making but that pluralism might at times lead to unhealthy competition between parties, harming local expansion opportunities. The data show that, in India, banks selectively exploit political pluralism to guide their expansion decisions.
When Does State Interference with Property (Now) Amount to Expropriation? An Analysis of the Agri Sa Court's State Acquisition Requirement (Part I)

Section 25 of the Constitution provides two ways in which the state may interfere with property rights, namely deprivation (section 25(1)) and expropriation (section 25(2)). As only the latter requires compensation, there is an incentive for property holders to label any infringement with their property as expropriation in the hope of being compensated for their losses. It is therefore essential to have a principled distinction between deprivation and expropriation, especially given the danger that uncertainty in this regard can hold for legitimate land reform initiatives, which often entail severe limitations on property. This contribution attends to Agri South Africa v Minister for Minerals and Energy 2013 4 SA 1 (CC), where the Constitutional Court recently revisited this distinction and held that the distinguishing feature of expropriation is that it entails state acquisition of property. Without state acquisition the interference can (at most) amount to deprivation. Unfortunately, viewing state acquisition as the "key requirement" for expropriation is problematic. Firstly, it ignores the true nature of this feature in that it is only a consequence of a valid expropriation rather than a pre-requisite for it – at least in terms of pre-constitutional law. It is therefore inaccurate, concerning both pre- and post-constitutional expropriation case law, to regard acquisition as an indispensable requirement for expropriation. Secondly, limiting the constitutional property inquiry to whether or not the state acquired property appears inadequate as a means of solving difficult cases where the state acquires property pursuant to infringements like taxation and criminal forfeiture. As both these examples result in state acquisition, there must be another explanation of why they do not amount to expropriation. KEYWORDS : expropriation; deprivation; section 25; property clause; state acquisition; constitutional property law; Agri SA case.
Time Partition Testing

There are only a few tools for testing embedded systems in the automotive domain. Their function usually lies in the test-management or automation of tests by means of test scripts. Time Partition Testing (TPT) noticeably exceeds this. It combines a systematic and very graphic modelling technique for test cases with a fully automatic test execution in different environments and automatic test evaluation in a unique way. In doing so, TPT even supports testing of control systems.
A Study on Selection of Data Center Locations

Cloud computing has been a topic of discussion, research, study, analysis for the last decade. And in the coming years it will gain more importance and more of its new aspects will be explored. The services of cloud computing has been provided via different Data Centers. The Cloud Service Providers build their own data centers and provide different types of services. This paper focuses on one of the key issues and a challenge that is an integral part of data centers. The question is what is a suitable location for building data centers?
A DSGE model with endogenous entry and exit

This paper describes a DSGE model where the extensive margin of activity —the number of varieties available for consumption—, depends on micro-founded decisions of entry and exit in the goods market. Both the extended model and a more conventional version have been estimated with US data during the Great Moderation period. Our main ? ndings are two. First, the role of technology shocks for business cycle ? uctuations increases signi? cantly due to the ? ows of entry and exit. Second, the extensive margin of activity explains most of the business cycle reactions to supply-side shocks, whereas the intensive margin (? rm-level output) takes most of the adjustment after demand-side shocks.
Modeling Survival Data Extending The Cox Model

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Conventional Approach Of Combining P-Values Using Chi-Square Test: An Essence of Meta Analysis

Meta analysis refers to the analysis of analyses. It is the statistical analysis of a large collection of analysis results from individual studies for the purpose of integrating the findings.1 Researches in biosocial sciences like anthropology, human anatomy, anthropometry etc which undertake a lot of measurements offer a good scope for biostatisticians to conventionally carry out preferably multivariate statistical analysis of data. Meta analytic approach of research synthesis is now becoming popular and enjoying wider acceptability in medicine and biosocial sciences. Unlike traditional methods, meta-analysis uses the summary statistics from individual studies as the data points. For example, if study X reported a mean decrease in systolic blood pressure of 5 mmHg in 50 subjects and study Y reported a mean decrease of 2 mmHg in 65 subjects, total n for analysis would be 2, however, these data would be based on a total of 115 subjects. Meta analysis provides a strong alternative to the more traditional review methods, and allow for quantitative conclusions to be reached. There are a variety of different procedures for conducting a Meta analysis.
The Human Development Trap in Mexico

Summary A dynamic poverty trap model describing long-term human development is defined in the context of endogenous technological change. Increasing returns are not required: market failures and indivisibilities imply a human capital undersupply and hence above-equilibrium returns. Evidence for this trap is provided for Mexico. High returns to education and early child development, untapped by about 75% of the population, imply an undersupply of human capital. A double-peaked schooling distribution for male and female spouses attests to multiple equilibria. One peak lies beyond complete higher secondary, the other below complete lower secondary schooling. Supporting early child development can help eliminate the trap.
Preliminary guidelines for subjective evalutation of audio source separation algorithms

Evaluating audio source separation algorithms means rating the quality or intelligibility of separated source signals. While objective criteria fail to account for all auditory phenomena so far, precise subjective ratings can be obtained by means of listening tests. In practice, the accuracy and the reproducibility of these tests depend on several design issues. In this paper, we discuss some of these issues based on ongoing research in other areas of audio signal processing. We propose preliminary guidelines to evaluate the basic audio quality of separated sources and provide an example of their application using a free Matlab graphical interface.
Oligopoly, Disclosure and Earnings Management

ABSTRACT: We examine how biased financial reports (managed earnings) affect product market competition and how product market competition affects incentives to bias financial reports in a model with fully rational firms. We find that Cournot competitors bias their reports to create the impression that their costs are lower than they actually are. This bias leads to lower total production and a higher product price, even though each firm fully understands its rival’s incentives to bias its financial reports. The magnitude of the bias is larger when firms compete in more profitable product markets and smaller when the firm can extract more information about its rival’s costs from its own. When the costs of misreporting are asymmetric, the lower-cost firm engages in more earnings management than its rival, produces more than it would in a full-information environment, and earns greater profits. Our analysis leads to new, testable relations among earnings management, reported and actual earnings, and industry.
BIG Data Analytics: A Framework for Unstructured Data Analysis

- Nowadays, most of information saved in companies are unstructured models. Retrieval and extraction of the information is essential works and importance in semantic web areas. Many of these requirements will be depend on the unstructured data analysis. More than 80% of all potentially useful business information is unstructured data, in kind of sensor readings, console logs and so on. The large number and complexity of unstructured data opens up many new possibilities for the analyst. Text mining and natural language processing are two techniques with their methods for knowledge discovery from textual context in documents. This is an approach to organize a complex unstructured data and to retrieve necessary information. The paper is to find an efficient way of storing unstructured data and appropriate approach of fetching data. Unstructured data targeted in this work to organize, is the public tweets of Twitter. Building an Big Data application that gets stream of public tweets from twitter which is latter stored in the HBase using Hadoop cluster and followed by data analysis for data retrieved from HBase by REST calls is the pragmatic approach of this project.
Deutsche Intonation und GToBI

In this paper we provide an overview of work carried out on the intonation of Standard German, both in auditory phonetic studies and in the instrumentally-based phonological accounts within the autosegmental-metrical framework. We examine how far the different accounts shed light on controversial issues such as leading tones, levels of phrasing, and phrase accents, and propose a surface-oriented annotation framework, GToBI, which aims to capture all empirically observed distinctive intonation patterns. For illustration purposes, the contours which are reported to occur most commonly are given in schematic form, along with their GToBI transcription and examples of their usage.
Do Securities Class Actions Deter Misreporting?

This paper investigates the effects on financial reporting practices of a court ruling that made it easier for public corporations to defend against class-action litigation filed under securities laws. I find an increase in restatements and discretionary revenues for firms affected by the ruling relative to unaffected firms. Further, within affected firms, these results were concentrated among those most likely to face litigation. I also find a decline in debt covenant violations and an increase in investment levels. These results suggest that the threat of shareholder litigation can discipline managerial reporting practices.
Automated Domain-Specific Feature Selection for Classification-based Segmentation of Tomographic Medical Image Data

Classification-based segmentation is an approach to establish generic analysis of medical image data. Significant feature sets covering different characteristics of regions to segment allow for robust discrimination of topologically defined classes. In this work a method for automated domain-specific feature selection to achieve a higher level of predictability is presented, incorporating multivariate feature analysis. For calculation of the probability density function, different approaches, like histogram analysis, enumeration of the entire feature space or umbrella Monte Carlo Integration are investigated. Furthermore, meta features calculated on entire classification results rather than on particular regions are introduced. Predictability of both, single local and meta features, is evaluated for different medical datasets as well for simulated intensity volumes, allowing testing and evaluating specific classification problems. The automated feature selection proofs to be accurate for classification-based segmentation utilizing well-known machine learning approaches. KeywoRDS Automated Feature Selection, Classification-Based Segmentation, Monte Carlo Integration, Multivariate Feature Analysis
Ground-based LIDAR data simplification based on quad-tree partition

On the basis of analyzing the data of ground-based LIDAR and existing point cloud data simplification algorithms, a new ground-based LIDAR data simplification algorithm based on quad-tree partition was presented, the basic theory and the methods to make it reality were discussed in details. Some conclusions come from tests: the algorithm presented in this paper can get a high data compression ratio to point cloud data distributing on a plane approximately, and can keep edges perfectly.
Data-centric business process modelling:a comparison of methods

Disclaimer This document contains a student thesis (bachelor's or master's), as authored by a student at Eindhoven University of Technology. Student theses are made available in the TU/e repository upon obtaining the required degree. The grade received is not published on the document as presented in the repository. The required complexity or quality of research of student theses may vary by program, and the required minimum study period may vary in duration.
Does monetary policy have differential state-level effects? an empirical evaluation

The paper examines whether monetary policy has similar effects across major states in the Indian polity. Impulse response functions from an estimated Structural Vector Auto Regression (SVAR) reveal two sets of states: a core of states that respond to monetary policy in a significant fashion vis-a-vis others whose response is less significant. The paper attempts to trace the reasons for the differential response of these two sets of states in terms of financial deepening and differential industry mix.
Galactic synchrotron distribution derived from 152 HII region absorption features in the full GLEAM survey

Support for the operation of the MWA is provided by the Australian Government (NCRIS), under a contract to Curtin University administered by Astronomy Australia Limited. We acknowledge the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre which is supported by the Western Australian and Australian Governments. HS and WWT thank the support from the NSFC (11473038, 11273025).
Image Processing Methods Usable for Object Detection on the Chessboard

Image segmentation and object detection is challenging problem in many research. Although many algorithms for image segmentation have been invented, there is no simple algorithm for image segmentation and object detection. Our research is based on combination of several methods for object detection. The first method suitable for image segmentation and object detection is colour detection. This method is very simply, but there is problem with different colours. For this method it is necessary to have precisely determined colour of segmented object before all calculations. In many cases it is necessary to determine this colour manually. Alternative simply method is method based on background removal. This method is based on difference between reference image and detected image. In this paper several methods suitable for object detection are described. Thisresearch is focused on coloured object detection on chessboard. The results from this research with fusion of neural networks for user-computer game checkers will be applied.