Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Iterative imposing near wall logarithmic velocity profile in turbulent flow pressure modeling over cylindrical for unstructured triangular meshes

In this paper, the effect of imposing logarithmic law for velocity profile on turbulent flow pressure distribution computation over a cylindrical body using unstructured triangular meshes is investigated. For this purpose, the two-dimensional incompressible module of the Numerical Analyzer for Scientific and Industrial Requirements (NASIR) software is utilized. The computational difficulty for Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid is resolved using artificial compressibility method and the set of equations is combined with SGS eddy viscosity model to simulate turbulent viscosity flow. The quality of solution results for the flow around circular cylinder at supercritical Reynolds number are assessed by comparison of computed results with experimental coefficient of pressure measurements. Satisfactory results are obtained by the imposing logarithmic law for velocity profile normal to the cylinder wall, as proper wall boundary conditions for relatively coarse mesh. Key-Words: SGS Turbulent Viscosity Model, Triangular Unstructured Mesh, Finite Volumes, Logarithmic Law, Wind Flow-Solver, Artificial Compressible Flow.
Stearn ] QUALITY AND INCIDENCE OF FUNGI

The low technology production of sapote mamey [Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore and Stearn] makes it necessary to implement new alternatives, such as low storage temperatures, for postharvest management to prolong shelf life and preserve fruit quality. The effect of storage temperatures on quality of fruits harvested at physiological maturity was studied. Control fruits were stored (7 d) at room temperature (approximately 25 °C), and experimental fruits were stored at 10, 13, and 15 °C for 13, 18, and 24 d. After storage, the fruits were evaluated at room temperature on days 0, 3, and 6. The best cold storage temperature for mamey fruits was 13 °C; fruits exhibited firmness, color [L* (luminosity), color saturation index (chroma), and hue angle)], total soluble solids (°Brix) and acidity, as well as weight loss, similar to those of the control fruits at eating ripeness. At 13 °C, 10 % fruit rot occurred at 18 d, and 10 to 30 % at 24 days. At 15 °C, fruits began senescence after 13 d of storage and exhibited the most rotting. Fruits exposed to 10 °C storage did not ripen, and there were no changes in firmness, total soluble solids or pulp color. Based on their morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungi that induced rotting in fruits were identified as Pestalotiopsis paeoniicola and Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
Soil Fertilization

The long-term effects were investigated of crop rotation systems (enriching and depleting soil with humus) as well as fertilisation with farmyard manure and mineral nitrogen on the susceptibility of soil organic matter to oxidation and soil biological activity. It was found that crop rotation enriching the soil with humus produced organic matter less susceptible to oxidation than those depleting the soil with humus, independent of the manure dose used. Fertilisation with nitrogen and manure resulted in an increase of microbial populations and a higher enzymatic activity in soil. The site conditions and agrotechnical measures significantly affect the chemical and biochemical parameters of soil. Simplified rotation of crops and intensive use of chemicals can impair the biological and energy equilibrium of soil agro-ecosystems. If the quality and quantity of humus is decisive for soil fertility, the main tasks of the user should be to protect humus resources in the soil and to maintain them at the highest possible level. It is also necessary to monitor the status of soil fertility in terms of its biological indices, such as quantitative and qualitative composition of the microorganisms in the soil environment [14]. Microorganisms are direct consumers of biogenic elements (carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus), being at the same moment their reservoir and labile source. Soil microorganisms play a key role in the processes of decomposition and mineralisation of organic matter. The course of enzymatic processes in soil is usually very difficult to study because they are affected by many different factors active in the soil environment. The enzymatic activity in various types of soils changes under the influence of P O L I S H J O U R N A L O F S O I L S C I E N C E VOL. XL/1 2007 PL ISSN 0079-2985
The high energy instrument PDS on-board the BeppoSAX X{ray astronomy satellite

BeppoSAX/PDS experiment is one of four narrow eld instruments of the BeppoSAX payload, that also includes two wide eld cameras. The goal of PDS is to extend the energy range of BeppoSAX to hard X{rays. The operative energy range of PDS is 15 to 300 keV, where the experiment can perform sensitive spectral and tempo- ral studies of celestial sources. The PDS detector is com- posed of 4 actively shielded NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) phoswich scintillators with a total geometric area of 795 cm 2 and aeld of view of 1 :3 (FWHM). In this paper we describe the experiment design and discuss its functional perfor- mance and calibration data analysis system.
Annotating Irony in a Novel Italian Corpus for Sentiment Analysis

In this paper we describe our current work on Senti–TUT, a novel Italian corpus for sentiment analysis. This resource includes annotations concerning both sentiment and morpho-syntax, in order to make available several possibilities of further exploitation related to sentiment analysis. For what concerns the annotation at sentiment level, we focus on irony and we selected therefore texts on politics from a social media, namely Twitter, where irony is usually applied by humans. Our aim is to add a new sentiment dimension, which explicitly accounts for irony, to a sentiment analysis classiﬁcation framework based on polarity annotation. The paper describes the data set, the features of the annotation both at sentiment and morpho-syntactic level, the procedures and tools applied in the annotation process. Finally, it shows the preliminary experiments we are carrying on in order to validate the annotation work.
Longitudinal WW scattering in light of the “Higgs boson” discovery

WW scattering is dominated at high energies by their longitudinal components, which are the most sensitive to the nature of the electroweak symmetry breaking. Prior to the discovery at the LHC of a Higgs-like particle, unitarization tools were extensively used to show that, in the absence of a light Higgs boson, new resonances resulting from the would-be strongly-interacting electroweak sector would appear, and furthermore these techniques would approximately predict their masses, widths, and signal strengths. With the discovery of a Higgs-like particle now firmly established, we re-investigate these techniques assuming this particle couples exactly as in the SM, but still being open to the possibility of an extended symmetry breaking sector. While the SM itself is free from problems with perturbative unitarity in the electroweak sector, "anomalous" self-couplings of the vector bosons -- low-energy remnants of such higher-energy symmetry breaking sectors -- are easily shown to re-introduce them. We demonstrate how new resonances should still appear in the scattering of EW vector bosons after imposing constraints from unitarity, and we discuss their ability to be probed with current and future LHC data.
Investigation of cytotoxicity and in-vitro antioxidant activity of Asparagus racemosus root extract

This attempt is made to address the phytoconstituents, free radical scavenging activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of five different extracts of Asparagus racemosus roots. Preliminary phytochemical examination of the crude extracts of Asparagus racemosus root disclosed the existence of different sort of chemical groups such as flavonoids, tannin, saponin, alkaloids, carbohydrate. The root displayed significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity with highest IC 50 value showed by ethanol extract with a value of 78.15 µg/ml followed by methanol and petroleum ether having value of 106.44 µg/ml and 273.31 µg/ml respectively as opposed to that of the scavenging effects of ascorbic acid and BHT of 5.698 µg/ml and 8.816 µg/ml respectively. The highest reducing power was showed by ethanol extract followed by methanol and petroleum ether as opposed to that of the reducing potential of ascorbic acid and BHT. The fractions represented good cupric reducing capacity with increasing concentration taking ethanol extract in the top position. The ethanol extract yielded 108.78±2.77 mg/gm gallic acid equivalent phenolic content and methanol sub-fraction yielded 164.77±1.73 mg/gm quercetin equivalent flavonoid content that was highest among five extracts. Ethanol extract of Asparagus racemosus was found to possess the highest total antioxidant capacity (639.925±64.78) mg/gm followed by methanol (616.92±53.88) mg/gm and petroleum ether (469.17±52.95) mg/gm ascorbic acid equivalent respectively. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, LC 50 values for ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether, n-hexane and chloroform were found to be 0.674 µg/ml, 0.719 µg/ml, 0.984 µg/ml, 2. 157µg/ml and 1.514 µg/ml respectively. N-hexane and chloroform extract showed least activity in all the measures. The results suggest that Asparagus racemosus is a valuable source of antioxidant and has significant cytotoxic activity hence could eliminate many diseases related to free radical. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/icpj.v1i9. 11615 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(9): 250-257
GENETIC VARIABILITY IN MUTATED POPULATION OF SUGARCANE CLONE NIA-98 THROUGH MOLECULAR MARKERS (RAPD AND TRAP)

Variability obtained from mutation breeding (gamma rays) was examined through molecular marker techniques (RAPD). A total of 85 loci were amplified, out of which 76.47% were polymorphic and 23.53% were monomorphic. Fragments size ranged from 220bp-2.1kb and fragments produced by various primers ranged from 3-13 with an average of 5 fragments per primer. The highest number of loci (13) was amplified with primer B-07, while the lowest number 3 with primer B-01. Results revealed that mutant P1 (20Gy) contained a specific segment of 2.03kb. Genetically most similar genotypes were P2 (10Gy) and P4 (20Gy) (95.55%) while most dissimilar genotypes were P4 (10Gy) and P3 (20Gy) (63.2%). On the basis of results achieved, the mutants could be divided into four clusters and three groups. Mutants P4 (40 Gy) and P4 (10 Gy) were genetically distinct from other mutants.
Nutritive value of distillers dried grains with soluble and broiler performance at starter period.

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate nutritive value of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) in starter broiler diets using different levels (0, 6, 9 or 12%). Exp. I was design to determine the digestibility coefficients of nutrients for DDGS using 16 cockerels, 40 weeks old compared to a mixture of yellow corn and DDGS 1:1 or 100% DDGS. Feeding cockerels 100% DDGS reduced Crude Protein (CP) from 93.60-92.17%, Ether Extract (EE) from 82.37-75.52%, Crude Fiber (CF) from 27.30-23.47, NFE from 82.85-55.45%) and Organic Matter (OM) from 83.30-69.30%) compared to those fed 50% DDGS. Exp. II was designed to evaluate the nutritive value of DDGS protein using Total Protein Efficiency (TPE) technique. A total number of 80 unsexed one-day old Arbor Acers broiler chicks were distributed between 2 treatments of 40 chicks each in four replicates (10 chicks each) and fed commercial diet (22% CP and 3000 Kcal ME/Kg) for two weeks. On the 14 day, the chicks were fed experimental diets (18% CP) in which cereals (yellow corn th and fine wheat bran) provided 6% of dietary CP, while the test material (DDGS) provided 12%, from 14 up to 28 days of age. Significant reduction took place in body weight gain, feed intake, protein intake and T.P.E. value for chicks fed diets containing DDGS compared with those fed diets containing soybean meal as a source of protein. Exp. III, was design to evaluate DDGS at different levels: 0, 6, 9 or 12% in starter broiler diets. A total number of 240 unsexed one-week old Arbor Acers broiler chicks were distributed into 4 treatments of 60 chicks each in six replicates (10 chicks each). Diets were formulated to contain 22% CP and 3070 Kcal ME/Kg at starter period (1-4wks of age). Performance and Relative Economic Efficiency (REE) of chicks fed diets with 6% DDGS approximately equaled those fed control diet (corn/soy). However, reduction in body weight and body weight gain. Took place in both 9 and 12% DDGS supplemental diets, being significant in the 12% diet. A noticeable reduction in REE values took place between treatments. The 6% DDGS level equal almost the control performance. The 9 and 12% DDGS treatments showed lower REE than both control and the 6% level. Inclusion of DDGS in the broiler diets had no effect on mortality rate.
Weak Value Amplification in Resonance Fluorescence

The concept of weak measurement and associated weak value amplification has sharpened our understanding of the measurement process in quantum mechanics. Recent experiments show that elastic scattering events in resonance fluorescence experiments can exhibit weak value amplification effect, by post-selecting a particular measurement outcome. In this article, we theoretically analyse the physics behind this amplification process. We show that, in general, weak interaction and the associated weak value amplification in resonance fluorescence can be derived from the well-Known theory of spontaneous emission put forth by Wigner and Weiskopff. Using this theory we show that in the elastic scattering regime of resonance fluorescence, weak value amplification helps in segregating rare events. To our knowledge, weak value amplification has not been applied earlier in the time domain as a potential tool to study rare events.
Ground Radiometric Method as a Tool for Determining the Surface Boundary of a Buried Bauxitic Karst

Forty two ground radiometric measurements along nine traverses within a rectangular network area were taken across a bauxitic karst within the Ubaid Formation (Lower Jurassic) in the Western Desert of Iraq. A 4-Channel Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GAD-6) with sodium iodide NaI (Tl) crystal (GSP-4S) was used in the field to measure the total radioactivity of the surface soil. Soil samples collected from the surface at each measurement point and core samples collected from a test well penetrating the karst were analyzed by Gamma ray spectrometer. The main objective of this study was to detect the hidden bauxitic karst and determine its surface boundary. The radioactivity on the surface of the karst was ranging between 60 and 80 count per second (c/s), while the background radioactivity of the Ubaid Formation, which hosts the karst, was ranging between 100 and150 c/s. Chemical weathering, especially dissolution and leaching moved uranium ( 238 U) and thorium( 232 Th) from the overburden downward. Accordingly, these elements have been adsorbed on the surface of clay minerals and bauxite buried at a depth of about 5m causing enrichment with radioactivity. The leached overburden lack radioelements, so its radioactivity was less than background radioactivity level. The gamma ray spectroanalysis showed that the radioactivity of 238 U and 232 Th in the overburden was 0.5 and 3 Bq/Kg, whereas, in the bauxite and flint clay bed, it was 240 and 160 Bq/Kg respectively. Based on the radioactivity anomaly contrast on the surface, an isorad map was plotted and the karst diameter which represents low anomaly was determined to be ranging from 150 to 200m. The current study demonstrates that the ground radiometric method is quite useful for detecting the bauxitic karst and inferring its surface boundaries.
Approximation of mild solutions of a semilinear fractional elliptic equation with random noise

We study for the first time the Cauchy problem for semilinear fractional elliptic equation. This paper is concerned with the Gaussian white noise model for the initial Cauchy data. We establish the ill-posedness of the problem. Then, under some assumption on the exact solution, we propose the Fourier truncation method for stabilizing the ill-posed problem. Some convergence rates between the exact solution and the regularized solution is established in $L^2$ and $H^q$ norms.
Large Class Teaching in Resource-Constrained Contexts : Lessons from Reflective Research in Ugandan Primary Schools

Since May 2006, the authors have been engaged in a study of large classes (70+ learners) in Uganda. The study was undertaken in two phases. First was the baseline survey in 20 schools among 35 teachers. Second was the reflective action phase involving ten teachers in 5 schools in order to develop further the strategies they had identified as having greater potential to facilitate teaching and learning in their large classes. The findings of the study showed that teaching and learning were constrained by large classes. The paper argues, however, that the immediate solution may not be class size reduction. Such approaches as increasing the number of teachers to allow more than one teacher per class, providing schools with the necessary resources and enabling teachers to develop the confidence and skills to improve the learning environment in large classes should be explored as alternatives to class size reduction.
A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ECONOMIC AND NON-ECONOMIC BENEFITS ON RESIDENTS' PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIORS IN COMMUNITY-BASED ECOTOURISM

A survey was conducted on 362 residents of a classical ecotourism destination in China to explore the impacts of both tourism economic and non-economic benefits on residents’ pro-environmental behaviors. The results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) indicated that tourism economic and non-economic benefits impacted on residents’ pro-environmental behaviors through perceived positive tourism impact as a mediator. These findings enriched literatures in ecotourism and had managerial value for the practitioners in domestic ecotourism community.
Truncated Variational Expectation Maximization

We derive a novel variational expectation maximization approach based on truncated variational distributions. Truncated distributions are proportional to exact posteriors within a subset of a discrete state space and equal zero otherwise. The novel variational approach is realized by first generalizing the standard variational EM framework to include variational distributions with exact (‘hard’) zeros. A fully variational treatment of truncated distributions then allows for deriving novel and mathematically grounded results, which in turn can be used to formulate novel efficient algorithms to optimize the parameters of probabilistic generative models. We find the free energies which correspond to truncated distributions to be given by concise and efficiently computable expressions, while update equations for model parameters (M-steps) remain in their standard form. Furthermore, we obtain generic expressions for expectation values w.r. t. truncated distributions. Based on these observations, we show how efficient and easily applicable meta-algorithms can be formulated that guarantee a monotonic increase of the free energy. Example applications of the here derived framework provide novel theoretical results and learning procedures for latent variable models as well as mixture models including procedures to tightly couple sampling and variational optimization approaches. Furthermore, by considering a special case of truncated variational distributions, we can cleanly and fully embed the well-known ‘hard EM’ approaches into the variational EM framework, and we show that ‘hard EM’ (for models with discrete latents) provably optimizes a lower free energy bound of the data log-likelihood.
Disc swirl spinning — A novel approach

A new spinning method ‘disc swirl spinning’, which consists of a combing roller drafting device, funnel fibre conveyer, disc fibre collector and swirl twister, has been developed. The spinning process, the design of the mechanism and its applications have been described and a preliminary comparative performance of the yarn quality analyzed. Scanning electron microphotographs of the disc swirl core-spun yarn have been compared with those of the air-jet spun and rotor-spun yarns. It is observed that the appearance of disc swirl core-spun yarn is similar to that of rotor-spun yarn, while the inner structure of the disc swirl core-spun yarn is found similar to that of the air-jet spun yarn. The breaking strength of disc swirl core-spun yarn is little lower than that of the ring core-spun yarn, while its breaking elongation CV% is higher. The other quality parameters of the two kinds of yarn are found to be similar. The quality of the disc swirl core-spun yarn can basically meet the need of the processes.
Biogeosciences Calibration of δ 18 O of cultured benthic foraminiferal calcite as a function of temperature

The geochemical composition of deep-sea benthic foraminiferal calcite is widely used to reconstruct sea floor paleoenvironments. The calibration of the applied proxy methods has until now been based on field observations in complex natural ecosystems where multiple factors are interfering. However, laboratory experiments with stable physico-chemical conditions appear to be the ideal way to evaluate the influence of a single parameter. In this paper, we present the oxygen isotopic composition of deep-sea benthic foraminiferal shells entirely calcified under controlled experimental conditions over a large temperature range (4 to 19C). The new laboratory protocols developed for this study allowed us to produce large quantities of shells in stable conditions, so that also the shell size effect could be investigated. It appears that when considering a narrow test size range, the curve describing the temperature dependency of δ18O in Bulimina marginatais parallel to the thermodynamically determined curve observed in inorganically precipitated calcite ( −0.22‰◦C−1). This observation validates the use ofδ18O of this benthic species in paleoceanographical studies. Over the studied size range (50 to 300 μm), the effect of test size was 0.0014‰ μm −1, confirming previous suggestions of a substantial test size effect on δ18O of benthic foraminifera. This study opens new perspectives for future proxy calibrations in laboratory set-ups with deep-sea benthic foraminifera (e.g. quantification of the influence of the carbonate chemistry). Correspondence to: C. Barras (christine.barras@univ-angers.fr)
The impact of climate change on China's agriculture.

This article examines how expected changes in climate are likely to affect agriculture in China. The effects of temperature and precipitation on net crop revenues are analyzed using cross-sectional data consisting of both rainfed and irrigated farms. Based on survey data from 8,405 households across 28 provinces, the results suggest that global warming is likely to be harmful to rainfed farms but beneficial to irrigated farms. The net impacts will be only mildly harmful at first, but the damages will grow over time. The impacts also vary by region. Farms in the Southeast will only be mildly affected but farms in the Northeast and Northwest will bear the largest damages. However, the study does not capture the indirect effects on farms of possible changes in water flow, which may be important in China. Copyright (c) 2009 International Association of Agricultural Economists.