Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Whale of a Tale: Gaming Disorder and Spending and Their Associations With Ad Watching in Role-Playing and Loot-Box Gaming

Mobile games featuring the loot-box design are associated with gambling because of the uncertainty in the value of the purchase and the propensity for gamers to keep spending. Role-playing games (RPGs) have been associated with gaming disorders because of the addictiveness and immersion experienced by gamers. Advertisers have capitalized on this gaming trend by having gamers watch advertisements, often in return for earning in-game currency. In this study, we explored the intersection of role-playing and loot-box mobile gaming, in particular examining the association with gaming disorders and ad watching and the role of game spending. An online survey was conducted (n = 595) in which we recruited participants who play four popular loot-box RPGs on their mobile devices. In line with previous research, we found similarities between these players and those with disordered gaming and an association with increased game and gaming involvement. We found that different spending habits based on gamer classifications have unexpected associations with the willingness of gamers to watch ads. Our results have implications for loot-box gamers, game designers, and advertisers, as we believe that addicted loot-box gamers, because of the association between loot-box games and gambling, may be experiencing a form of morbidity and that these gamers may be more susceptible to such addictions. RésuméLes jeux mobiles comportant un coffre à butin sont associés à la pratique des jeux vidéo en raison de l’incertitude liée à la valeur de l’achat, et la propension des joueurs à continuer de dépenser. Les jeux de rôle ont été liés au jeu compulsif en raison de la dépendance et de l’immersion des joueurs. Les annonceurs profitent de cette tendance au jeu en forçant les joueurs à regarder fréquemment des annonces afin d’obtenir de la monnaie du jeu en question. Cette recherche se penche sur le point d’intersection du jeu de rôle et du coffre à butin dans les jeux mobiles, et particulièrement sur l’association à des troubles liés au jeu, à la visualisation d’annonces et au rôle des dépenses en jeu. Un sondage en ligne a été mené (n = 595) en recrutant les participants parmi les personnes qui jouent sur leur appareil mobile à quatre jeux de rôle prisés offrant un coffre à butin. Tout comme dans les recherches précédentes, nous avons constaté des similarités avec le jeu compulsif et leur association à l’augmentation des jeux et de la pratique du jeu. Nous avons également constaté que différentes habitudes de dépenses fondées sur la classification des joueurs sont liées de manière inattendue au consentement des joueurs à regarder des annonces. Nos résultats comportent des implications pour les joueurs de jeux offrant un coffre à butin, les développeurs de jeux et les annonceurs, car nous sommes convaincus que les joueurs dépendants qui jouent à des jeux offrant un coffre à butin pourraient souffrir d’une forme de morbidité, et qu’ils pourraient être plus susceptibles à de telles dépendances.
CNN‐based politics public opinion analysis of undergraduates: A case study with CDN deployment

In the era of social media, the political speech of undergraduates blots out the sky and covers up the earth, which perhaps generates the negative effect. To enhance the management ability of government departments, it is considerably necessary to pay more attention to the public opinion. However, the current researches on the public opinion mainly focus on mathematical modeling or data mining irrespective of public opinion analysis. Consider that Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has the strong data analysis ability, this paper uses CNN to realize the special application, that is, politics public opinion analysis of undergraduates, which has two functions. On one hand, greatly help the government departments eliminate the crisis timely; On the other hand, correctly guide the political education of undergraduates. Besides, this paper also presents a case study based on Content Delivery Network (CDN) deployment, in which a monitor system of public opinion analysis is implemented to analyze the undergraduates' political speech. Finally, with three public opinion dissemination modes consideration, the experiments are made. The results show that CNN has better training ability and the whole deployment is more significant compared to the state‐of‐the‐art schemes.
Managed exchange rate regimes and monetary independence: an empirical appraisal

ABSTRACT Under the impossible trinity, it is alleged that attempts to maintain both monetary independence and an undervalued domestic exchange rate whilst being exposed to global capital flows will culminate in macroeconomic instability. To analyse the validity of the impossible trinity in the instance of a balance of payments surplus, we first employ a number of ARDL models to investigate the potential presence of co-integration between foreign reserves and several variables on the balance sheet of the Central Bank. A VECM is then used to exemplify the fact that policymakers must respond to an increase in foreign reserves so as to steer the interbank rate to the policy rate. In total, we argue that in the case of a balance of payment surplus (i) it is problematic to validate the existence of a transmission mechanism between foreign reserve accumulation and inflation; (ii) economies with heavily managed exchange rates appear to have achieved monetary independence whilst remaining open to global capital flows; and finally, (iii) since the four Central Banks examined target an overnight rate, rather than any form of monetary aggregate, ‘exogenous’ sterilisation initiatives are involuntary.
Own‐Race
 Advantage in Visual Working Memory for Faces Reflects Enhanced Storage Capacity and Quick Encoding

: Previous research has shown that working memory (WM) performance for own-race faces is better than for other-race faces. We focused on the storage capacity and encoding rate to identify WM characteristics that facilitate own-race face recognition. We investigated WM ’ s temporal dynamics for own- and other-race faces to separately identify the contribution of storage capacity and encoding rate on the own-race advantage in WM. We presented Asian participants with Asian faces as own-race faces and Black faces as other-race faces in two experiments. Experiments 1 and 2 indicated a higher storage capacity for own-race faces, and Experiment 2 also indicated an increased encoding rate for own-race faces when backward masking was used. More-over, there was no association between storage capacity and encoding rate. These ﬁ ndings suggest that both storage capacity and encoding rate independently contribute to the cross-race effect in WM.
Inpatient COVID-19 mortality has reduced over time: Results from an observational cohort

Background The Covid-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom has seen two waves; the first starting in March 2020 and the second in late October 2020. It is not known whether outcomes for those admitted with severe Covid were different in the first and second waves. Methods The study population comprised all patients admitted to a 1,500-bed London Hospital Trust between March 2020 and March 2021, who tested positive for Covid-19 by PCR within 3-days of admissions. Primary outcome was death within 28-days of admission. Socio-demographics (age, sex, ethnicity), hypertension, diabetes, obesity, baseline physiological observations, CRP, neutrophil, chest x-ray abnormality, remdesivir and dexamethasone were incorporated as co-variates. Proportional subhazards models compared mortality risk between wave 1 and wave 2. Cox-proportional hazard model with propensity score adjustment were used to compare mortality in patients prescribed remdesivir and dexamethasone. Results There were 3,949 COVID-19 admissions, 3,195 hospital discharges and 733 deaths. There were notable differences in age, ethnicity, comorbidities, and admission disease severity between wave 1 and wave 2. Twenty-eight-day mortality was higher during wave 1 (26.1% versus 13.1%). Mortality risk adjusted for co-variates was significantly lower in wave 2 compared to wave 1 [adjSHR 0.49 (0.37, 0.65) p<0.001]. Analysis of treatment impact did not show statistically different effects of remdesivir [HR 0.84 (95%CI 0.65, 1.08), p = 0.17] or dexamethasone [HR 0.97 (95%CI 0.70, 1.35) p = 0.87]. Conclusion There has been substantial improvements in COVID-19 mortality in the second wave, even accounting for demographics, comorbidity, and disease severity. Neither dexamethasone nor remdesivir appeared to be key explanatory factors, although there may be unmeasured confounding present.
Theoretical Analysis and Design of an Innovative Coil Structure for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Previous research showed that pulsed functional magnetic stimulation can activate brain tissue with optimum intensity and frequency. Conventional stimulation coils are always set as a figure-8 type or Helmholtz. However, the magnetic fields generated by these coils are uniform around the target, and their magnetic stimulation performance still needs improvement. In this paper, a novel type of stimulation coil is proposed to shrink the irritative zone and strengthen the stimulation intensity. Furthermore, the electromagnetic field distribution is calculated and measured. Based on numerical simulations, the proposed coil is compared to traditional coil types. Moreover, the influential factors, such as the diameter and the intersection angle, are also analyzed. It was demonstrated that the proposed coil has a better performance in comparison with the figure-8 coil. Thus, this work suggests a new way to design stimulation coils for transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Constructing reduced model for complex physical systems via interpolation and neural networks

The work studies model reduction method for nonlinear systems based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM). Instead of using the classical DEIM to directly approximate the nonlinear term of a system, our approach extracts the main part of the nonlinear term with a linear approximation before approximating the residual with the DEIM. We construct the linear term by Taylor series expansion and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD), respectively, so as to obtain a more accurate reconstruction of the nonlinear term. In addition, a novel error prediction model is devised for the POD-DEIM reduced systems by employing neural networks with the aid of error data. The error model is cheaply computable and can be adopted as a remedy model to enhance the reduction accuracy. Finally, numerical experiments are performed on two nonlinear problems to show the performance of the proposed method.
Synthesis Characterization and Antimicrobial studies of some Novel Sulphonamides containing Substituted Naphthofuroyl group

Prompted by the varied biological activities of sulphonamides, and Naphthfurans, a series of sulphonamides (5a-f) derived from naphthofurans were prepare by treating sulphonamides (4a-b) with naphofuroic acids (3a-c) employing POCl 3 heating for 1hr. at 60-70 0 C. The structures of these novel compound were comfirmed on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data. All the title compound were screened for their antimicrobial activites. The screening data indicated that testing compound were found be less active than the standard drug.
Conflict and Sensitivity Analysis of Vehicular Stability Using a Two-State Linear Bicycle Model

Vehicle parameters and operation conditions play a critical role in vehicular handling and stability. This study aimed to evaluate vehicle stability based on cornering tire stiffness integrated with vehicle parameters. A passenger vehicle is considered in which a two-state linear bicycle model is developed in the Matlab/Simulink. The effect of the vehicle parameters on lateral vehicle stability has been investigated and analyzed. The investigated parameters included CG longitudinal position, wheelbase, and tire cornering stiffness. Furthermore, the effects of load variation and vehicle speed were addressed. Based on a Fishhook steering maneuver, the lateral stability criteria represented in lateral acceleration, yaw rate, vehicle sideslip angle, tire sideslip angles, and the lateral tire force were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the parameters that affect the lateral vehicle stability the most are the cornering stiffness coefficient and the CG longitudinal location. The findings also indicated a positive correlation between vehicle properties and lateral handling and stability.
RETRACTED: The effect of servant leadership on group collective organizational deviance-mediating effect of team egoism

In view of the widespread of group collective organizational deviance and its profound influence on the development of the organization, its causes and formation mechanism have attracted great attention from the academic and practical circles. Drawing on social identity theory, we attempt to explore the influence mechanism of servant leadership on group collective organizational deviance, especially the intermediation of team egoism. In order to test our model, we conducted a survey on 394 subordinates and 102 team leaders from 5 companies in Pearl River Delta, China. It is found that servant leadership can reduce team egoism, team egoism will enhance group collective organizational deviance, and team egoism plays a mediating role in the relationship between servant leadership and group collective organizational deviance. Our work uses social identity theory to build a comprehensive frame work for understanding the antecedents of group collective organizational deviance, thus providing a uniquely generative frame work for further research.
Optical visualization and imaging of nanomaterials

Direct visualization and imaging of nanomaterials under ambient conditions is of great significance for their characterization and application. In most cases, the observation of individual nanomaterials usually requires high-resolution electron microscopes under high vacuum. In comparison, an optical microscope is much more convenient due to its facile operation and open space. However, the resolution of optical microscopes is much lower than that of electron microscope-based tools. Therefore, effective visualization and imaging strategies for nanomaterials are required to realize their direct observation, accurate location and controllable manipulation. In this review, we summarized the progress of optical visualization and imaging strategies for nanomaterials in recent years, including vapor-condensation-assisted optical visualization, nanoparticle-assisted optical visualization, substrate-assisted optical visualization and fluorescence visualization, and the applications of these techniques were also introduced. We believe that this review will inspire further improvement in optical visualization of nanomaterials and drive the application of nanomaterials in a broader domain.
HP1 oligomerization compensates for low-affinity H3K9me recognition and provides a tunable mechanism for heterochromatin-specific localization

HP1 proteins bind with low affinity but high specificity to histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9me), forming transcriptionally inactive genomic compartments referred to as heterochromatin. How HP1 proteins traverse a complex and crowded chromatin landscape on the millisecond timescale and yet recognize H3K9me with high specificity remains paradoxical. Here, we visualize the single-molecule dynamics of an HP1 homolog, the fission yeast Swi6, in its native chromatin environment. By analyzing the motions of individual Swi6 molecules, we identify mobility states that map to discrete biochemical intermediates. Using mutants that perturb Swi6 H3K9me recognition, oligomerization, or nucleic acid binding, we parse the mechanism by which each biochemical property affects protein dynamics. We find that rather than enhancing chromatin binding, nucleic acid interactions, compete with and titrates Swi6 away from heterochromatin. However, as few as four tandem Swi6 chromodomains are necessary and sufficient to restore H3K9me-dependent localization. Our studies propose propose that HP1 oligomerization stabilizes higher-order protein configurations of a defined stoichiometry that facilitates high-specificity H3K9me recognition and outcompetes the inhibitory effects of nucleic acid-binding.
A Review of Price Transparency Policy and Evaluation of Hospital Compliance in Orthopedic Sports Medicine

Background: In 2019, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) announced that beginning January 1, 2021, hospitals would be required to post pricing information in a usable format for patients via diagnosis-related group (DRG) or charge description master (CDM) sheets. Purpose/Questions: We hypothesized the new price transparency rule would pose challenges for many health care facilities. We therefore sought to find out how much pricing information was available before the rule took effect and how usable it was for patients receiving sports medicine care. Methods: In late 2019, we randomly selected 100 general hospitals (GH) from the CMS hospital list and an additional 21 orthopedic hospitals (OH). The DRG and/or CDM sheets were obtained from hospital websites. Pricing information for 6 sports medicine procedures (rotator cuff repair, shoulder arthroscopy, knee arthroscopy, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, meniscal repair, and steroid injection) was evaluated in qualitative and quantitative form. Results: Pricing information was provided by 74% of GH and 86% of OH. The price of steroid injections was frequently reported in usable form, with 80% by GH and 78% by OH. The remaining procedures were reported by less than 27% of GH and 40% of OH. For each procedure, component pricing was provided by at least 60% of GH and 78% of OH. No facility provided a pricing calculator or payer-type specific rates. Conclusions: Prior to the enactment of the new price transparency rule in January 2021, most facilities provided some pricing information to patients. However, reporting rates in sports medicine were low and the available data were of little use to patients.
Designing a new multi epitope-based vaccine against COVID-19 disease: an immunoinformatic study based on reverse vaccinology approach

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has currently caused a significant pandemic among worldwide populations. The transmission speed and the high rate of mortality caused by the disease necessitate studies for the rapid designing and effective vaccine production. The purpose of this study is to predict and design a novel multi-epitope vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus using bioinformatics approaches. Coronavirus envelope proteins, ORF7b, ORF8, ORF10, and NSP9 were selected as targets for epitope mapping using IEDB and BepiPred 2.0 Servers. Also, molecular docking studies were performed to determine the candidate vaccine's affinity to TLR3, TLR4, MHC I, and MHC II molecules. Thirteen epitopes were selected to construct the multi-epitope vaccine. We found that the constructed peptide has valuable antigenicity, stability, and appropriate half-life. The Ramachandran plot approved the quality of the predicted model after the refinement process. Molecular docking investigations revealed that antibody-mode in the Cluspro 2.0 server showed the lowest binding energy for MHCI, MHCII, TLR3, and TLR4. This study confirmed that the designed vaccine has a good antigenicity and stability and could be a proper vaccine candidate against the COVID-19 infectious disease though, in vitro and in vivo experiments are necessary to complete and confirm our results.
CHEMICAL EXTRACTION VIA BISULPHITE ADDUCTS OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS FROM ESSENTIAL OILS

In this study, carbonyl compounds present in five commercial essential oils are investigated by chemical extraction via bisulphite adducts. Cymbopogon citratus, Eucalyptus citriodora and Lippia multiflora essential oils were submitted to this simple extraction method to isolate with satisfactory yields, carbonyl compounds while low yields are observed in the case of Cymbopogon nardus and Mentha piperita. The chemical composition of the crude essential oil and the corresponding carbonyl compounds extract were subsequently studied by GC―MS.
Penalized regression for left‐truncated and right‐censored survival data

High‐dimensional data are becoming increasingly common in the medical field as large volumes of patient information are collected and processed by high‐throughput screening, electronic health records, and comprehensive genomic testing. Statistical models that attempt to study the effects of many predictors on survival typically implement feature selection or penalized methods to mitigate the undesirable consequences of overfitting. In some cases survival data are also left‐truncated which can give rise to an immortal time bias, but penalized survival methods that adjust for left truncation are not commonly implemented. To address these challenges, we apply a penalized Cox proportional hazards model for left‐truncated and right‐censored survival data and assess implications of left truncation adjustment on bias and interpretation. We use simulation studies and a high‐dimensional, real‐world clinico‐genomic database to highlight the pitfalls of failing to account for left truncation in survival modeling.
The Resource-Based View and Its Use in Strategic Human Resource Management Research: The Elegant and Inglorious

Barney’s elaboration on the resource-based view had a major impact on research in strategic human resource management (SHRM) and beyond. In this article, I reflect on its influence and use in SHRM research and analyze the strengths and limitations of the original work. I also review various spinoffs and expansions of the original work as well as trends in empirical SHRM research.
Can Elites Escape Blame by Explaining Themselves? Suspicion and the Limits of Elite Explanations

Abstract Holding elected officials accountable for their behavior in office is a foundational task facing citizens. Elected officials attempt to influence this accountability process by explaining their behavior with an eye toward mitigating the blame they might receive for taking controversial actions. This article addresses a critical limitation in the literature on elite explanation giving and accountability: the absence of attention to conflicting information regarding the official's behavior. The study shows across three pre-registered survey experiments that explanations are ineffective when other speakers offer counter-explanations that focus on the official's potential ulterior motives. It further demonstrates that this occurs even when the counter-explanation comes from a partisan source with low credibility. These results imply that elected officials enjoy less leeway for their actions than existing work allows, and highlight important tensions concerning the relationship between elite behavior and accountability processes.