Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Generation of Comparative Summary for Scientific Literature

In this paper, we propose a comparative summary generation method and conduct key technologies research. We collect prior knowledge from the Internet via a light knowledge structure, extract core information from original literature, divide subtopics of two major topics with AGNES clustering to get the common and independent subtopics, and get comparative information with subtopics alignment and property alignment. We test the performance of each module to prove the validity of the proposed methods. Finally, we design and develop a comparative summary generation system, and the application in the nursing field shows that it can present users with useful information to facilitate the scientific research process.
Herding in the Foreign Exchange Market

In this paper we investigate to what extent we can identify herd behavior in the foreign exchange market. The foundation of this empirical study is a large set of survey data, which documents the individual forecasts of several large multinational banks on the future exchange rates of the Euro, the Japanese Yen and the British Pound against the US Dollar. The survey participants submitted forecasts for the 1-month, 3-month and 12-month time horizon. In this study, we first identify which banks can be detected as ‘leaders’ by measuring their performance using ordinary least squares regression. We classify a bank as a ‘leader’ if the bank outperforms its colleague banks on forecasting a certain exchange rate on a certain time horizon. In turn, we conduct Granger-causality tests in order to examine whether the forecasts of these leading banks are used by the other banks. We document substantial evidence of herd behavior in our sample, particularly for predictions on the 1-month time horizon. Furthermore we find that the average forecast is mimicked more often than the forecasts of the best performing banks. Erasmus University Rotterdam Erasmus School of Economics International Bachelor Economics and Business Economics Finance Department Supervisor: Dr. Remco Zwinkels 2 Herding in the foreign exchange market
Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination, emergence and seedling growth of Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)

The present investigation has been performed to evaluate Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) tolerance to osmotic stress at the water potentials of -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa induced by polyethylene glycol PEG-8000 (polyethylene glycol 8000) or NaCl solutions at an early stage of plant growth. Each, on germination, emergence and early seedling growth, were investigated for two Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties differing in drought tolerance (BD290273 and Omrabia). Daily and final germination and emergence percentage, as well as germination and seedling emergence rate, and seedling fresh and dry weight were measured in the study under controlled conditions. Results showed those germination and emergence rates were delayed by both solutions in both varieties, with differences between genotypes among growth stages, given that Omrabia variety showed a higher germination and emergence rate than BD290273 genotype in NaCl but BD290273 was less affected by NaCl and PEG solutions at the emergence stage. Sodium chloride had a lesser effect on varieties in terms of germination and emergence rates, the final germination and the emergence percentage than did PEG-8000. This conclusively proves that the adverse effect of PEG on germination, emergence and early seedling growth was due to the osmotic effect rather than the specific ion. Seedling growth was reduced by both stresses. But NaCl usually caused less damage than PEG to Durum wheat seedlings, suggesting that NaCl and PEG acted through different mechanisms. This difference in cultivar’s behaviour according to the growth conditions is discussed. It was concluded that inhibition in germination at equivalent water potentials of NaCl and PEG-8000 was mainly due to an osmotic effect rather than did salt toxicity. Key words: Durum wheat, germination rate, emergence rate, seedling growth, salt and drought stresses.
CARBON DIOXIDE MINIMUM MISCIBILITY PRESSURE ESTIMATION (CASE STUDY)

Carbon dioxide flooding is considered to be one of the most effective enhanced oil recovery methods for the light oil reservoirs. Depending on the operating pressure, the process might be miscible or immiscible. Minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is the most important parameter for assessing the applicability of any miscible gas flood for an oil reservoir. The miscibility condition is determined by conducting displacement tests at various pressures and the recovery is expected to improve as the displacement pressure increases, and then stays almost constant above the MMP. In this study, the MMP of pure carbon dioxide and an Iranian oil reservoir is estimated using slimtube test. The experiment is performed under constant CO2 injection rate and different displacement pressures above the bubble point pressure; input and output pressures are continually monitored during the test; the effluent liquid is flashed to atmospheric conditions and produced gases are passed through gas chromatography for compositional analysis. Volumetric oil recovery is measured, and oil recovery is plotted against the injection pressure at a 1.2 pore volume of the injected fluid. The results show that the oil recovery is more than 90% of original oil in place for all the pressures with a constant slope above the bubble point pressure. Therefore, MMP is considered to be equal to the bubble point pressure. In addition to the plot of oil recovery versus pressure, miscibility is also confirmed by the effluent gas composition, slim-tube pressure drop, and visual observations of phase behavior. The single phase high pressure fluid at the outlet of slim-tube, the small pressure drop across it, and no methane bank in the composition of effluent gas indicate that the miscibility is completely achieved. The experimental results are validated by modeling the test using a fully compositional simulator. The effect of varying CO2 mole fraction in the injected fluid is also investigated. The results show that an increase in CO2 mole fraction of the injected gas significantly decreases MMP.
A nanoflare distribution generated by repeated relaxations triggered by kink instability

Context. It is thought likely that vast numbers of nanoflares are responsible for the corona having a temperature of millions of degrees. Current observational technologies lack the resolving power to confirm the nanoflare hypothesis. An alternative approach is to construct a magnetohydrodynamic coronal loop model that has the ability to predict nanoflare energy distributions. Aims. This paper presents the initial results generated by a coronal loop model that flares whenever it becomes unstable to an ideal MHD kink mode. A feature of the model is that it predicts heating events with a range of sizes, depending on where the instability threshold for linear kink modes is encountered. The aims are to calculate the distribution of event energies and to investigate whether kink instability can be predicted from a single parameter. Methods. The loop is represented as a straight line-tied cylinder. The twisting caused by random photospheric motions is captured by two parameters, representing the ratio of current density to field strength for specific regions of the loop. Instability onset is mapped as a closed boundary in the 2D parameter space. Dissipation of the loop's magnetic energy begins during the nonlinear stage of the instability, which develops as a consequence of current sheet reconnection. After flaring, the loop evolves to the state of lowest energy where, in accordance with relaxation theory, the ratio of current to field is constant throughout the loop and helicity is conserved. Results. There exists substantial variation in the radial magnetic twist profiles for the loop states along the instability threshold. These results suggest that instability cannot be predicted by any simple twist-derived property reaching a critical value. The model is applied such that the loop undergoes repeated episodes of instability followed by energy-releasing relaxation. Hence, an energy distribution of the nanoflares produced is collated. This paper also presents the calculated relaxation states and energy releases for all instability threshold points. Conclusions. The final energy distribution features two nanoflare populations that follow different power laws. The power law index for the higher energy population is more than sufficient for coronal heating.
Probing the cosmic distance duality with strong gravitational lensing and supernovae Ia data

We propose and perform a new test of the cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR), DL(z) / DA(z) (1 + z)2 = 1, where DA is the angular diameter distance and DL is the luminosity distance to a given source at redshift z, using strong gravitational lensing (SGL) and type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) data. We show that the ratio D=DA12/DA2 and D*=DL12/DL2, where the subscripts 1 and 2 correspond, respectively, to redshifts z1 and z2, are linked by D/D*=(1+z1)2 if the CDDR is valid. We allow departures from the CDDR by defining two functions for η(z1), which equals unity when the CDDR is valid. We find that combination of SGL and SNe Ia data favours no violation of the CDDR at 1σ confidence level (η(z) ≃ 1), in complete agreement with other tests and reinforcing the theoretical pillars of the CDDR.
Does It Do What It Says on the Tin? -- Evaluation of an Established UK University Employability Enhancement Award.

University employability awards, in the UK particularly, aim to assist students to develop career related skills and attributes and thus increase their potential to achieve graduate level employment. Self-report quantitative and qualitative data were collected at intervals via questionnaires, interviews and focus groups from two cohorts (N = 212) of a well-established career development and employability award at a large civic UK university. Findings indicated increases in confidence and aspiration, and in the ability to articulate and apply skills and abilities; also that the award may convey similar benefits to work experience. Survey data from award completers indicated that they had changed their career related behaviour, and students who have completed the award show a consistent small increase in their level of graduate employment when compared to the graduate employment figure for the university as a whole in the UK university destinations data. Employability related values, attitudes and behaviour may all change as a result of award experience. Reported changes implied a sense of improved resourcefulness. It is hypothesised that the award may enhance student employability somewhat via development of psychosocial resources, producing a shift in the student’s perception of self and identity.
Determination of the Optical Functions of Various Liquids by Rotating Compensator Multichannel Spectroscopic Ellipsometry

Rotating compensator multichannel spectroscopic ellipsometry has been employed to determine the optical functions of various liquids used in chemistry. We attempted three different measurement configurations: (1) air-liquid interface, (2) prism-liquid interface, and (3) liquid-sample interface. In prism-liquid interface, we found that the prism surface had roughness and it should be considered in analysis for accurate results. In liquidsample interface, we had much higher reflection, better sensitivity, and less limitation compared to the other two configurations when crystalline silicon was used as reference sample. We discuss the merit of each configuration and present the optical functions of various liquids. Also we demonstrate Bruggeman effective medium theory to determine the optical properties of mixed liquid. べ�⨀
Numerical investigation of algebraic oceanic turbulent mixing-layer models

In this paper we investigate the finite-time and asymptotic behaviour of algebraic turbulent mixing-layer models by numerical simulation. We compare the perfor- mances given by three different settings of the eddy vis- cosity. We consider Richardson number-based vertical eddy viscosity models. Two of these are classical algebraic turbu- lence models usually used in numerical simulations of global oceanic circulation, i.e. the Pacanowski-Philander and the Gent models, while the other one is a more recent model (Bennis et al., 2010) proposed to prevent numerical insta- bilities generated by physically unstable configurations. The numerical schemes are based on the standard finite element method. We perform some numerical tests for relatively large deviations of realistic initial conditions provided by the Trop- ical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) array. These initial condi- tions correspond to states close to mixing-layer profiles, mea- sured on the Equatorial Pacific region called the West-Pacific Warm Pool. We conclude that mixing-layer profiles could be considered as kinds of "absorbing configurations" in finite time that asymptotically evolve to steady states under the ap- plication of negative surface energy fluxes.
Comparing home-grown fruits: productivity convergence across industries and regions

Output per worker is radically unevenly distributed across space. Several authors have asked why the differences are so large between countries and hypothesized that differences in social infrastructure provide an answer. However, differences in output per worker are also very different when comparing spatial units at lower levels of resolution without substantial variation in social infrastructure. The purpose of this paper is to discuss possible reasons why. We will do so by looking at regional data for the Scandinavian Peninsula at a spatial resolution equivalent to the European NUTS3. Since Norway and Sweden is considered particular egalitarian and homogeneous societies, differences in broad measures of social infrastructure can hardly be invoked as substantial important determinants of productive performance. Instead we suggest that differences in industrial structure and human capital are able to explain the differences we observe.
Teaching Students Concept Mapping to Enhance Critical Thinking in a Mental Health Nursing Course

Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the level of critical thinking of millennial nursing students enrolled in a mental health nursing course by using a constructivist approach and utilizing concept mapping as a teaching and learning tool. Background: Nursing education should keep in pace with the advances in technology and changes in healthcare. Faculty should consider the diverse learning needs of their students when planning courses and clinical experiences. As evidence-based practice guides health care, so should it guide nursing educators when selecting teaching and learning activities. Educators might be wise to consider strategies which are proven to adequately prepare students to be safe and effective entry-level nurses. Method: Critical thinking of students will be measured using a pre and post-HESI specialty exam, which is designed to measure the critical thinking ability of students. Results of learning outcomes: The students exceeded the national average in 23/30 (73%) in 30 categories of critical thinking and achieved acceptable or recommended levels in 5/5 areas of critical thinking in an HESI Critical Thinking exam. Conclusion: The outcome of the HESI critical thinking exams demonstrated that students were successful developing critical thinking, synthesis of data to guide clinical decisions and demonstrate contextualized judgment and reasoning.
Web Servers for the Prediction of Curvature as well as other DNA Characteristics from Sequence

As very large amounts of genomic sequence data are generated, there is a growing need for simple methods that can guide experimenters to find regions that are conspicuous in terms of some structural properties, such as flexibility or intrinsic curvature. Over the past years we have been interested in developing and testing simple mechanic models that can describe the local behaviour of DNA in such short segments, in a sequence dependent fashion. These methods have been incorporated into WWW-based server programs located on the ICGEB web site and the calculations have been extended to the calculation and visualization of various parameters other than curvature.
The effects of HPMC concentration as an efficient pharmaceutical dosage form on phage release pattern from gels

Bacteriophages (phages) are natural particles to deal with bacteria. The resistance of bacteria to various antibiotics has accelerated in recent years and phages can be used for each particular strain. The best way to deal with superficial infections is topical application of the drug. One of the best way is the use of water-based gels such as hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). In addition to sustain drug release properties of the gel base, HPMC itself has healing properties. The final composition of the gel should has property lasting right time on the woundwhile release a number of the appropriate phages per unit of time. After Isolation and purification of phage, it has been trapped into HPMC gel. Gels with different concentrationsused to create plaques and show the release rate of the phage gel. Finally, it was shown that the 2% HPMC has most appropriate pharmaceutical features In terms of the release and durability on the site of infection.
Prediction of Significant Wave Height Based on Regression Trees

One of the most important factors in design of coastal and offshore structures is significant wave height. Thus, an accurate prediction of wave height is of great importance. In this paper, an alternative approach based on regression trees was applied for prediction of significant wave height. The data set used in this study comprises of wave and wind data gathered from deep water location in Lake Michigan, from 15 September to 10 December, 2002. In this study the data set was divided into two groups. The first one that comprises of 58 days (1392 data point) wind and wave measurement was used as training data to develop the regression tree. The second one that comprises of 29 days (686 data point) wind and wave measurement was used as testing data to verify the model. Wind speeds belonging up to six previous hours were given as input variables, while the significant wave height (Hs) was the output parameter. CART algorithm was employed for building and evaluating regression trees and outputs of models with different lags were compared. Result showed that regression trees can be used successfully for prediction of Hs. In addition it was found that error statistics of the models for prediction of Hs decrease as wind speed lag increases. Finally, the results of CART-based model, was compared with artificial neural networks, Results indicated that error statistics of neural networks were marginally more accurate than regression trees.
The Effects of Buildability Factors on Rebar Fixing Labour Productivity of Beamless Slabs

Buildability is an important factor affecting labour productivity. Nevertheless, a thorough search of the literature revealed a dearth of research into its effects on in situ reinforced concrete construction, especially at the activity levels. Since rebar fixing is an integral trade of this type of construction material, and beamless slabs are amongst the major encountered activities on construction sites, the objective of this research is to explore the buildability factors affecting its rebar fixing efficiency. To achieve this objective, a large volume of fixing productivity data was collected and analysed using the categorical interaction - regression method. As a result, the main and interaction effects of rebar diameter; reinforcement quantity; slab geometry; and reinforcement layer location are determined. The findings show a significant influence of these factors on the fixing operation, which can be used to provide designers and construction managers with feedback on how well the design of this activity considers the requirements of buildability, and the tangible consequences of designers‟ decisions on labour productivity
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF TWO CHROMATOGRAPHIC STABILITY-INDICATING METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF ROSUVASTATIN IN PURE FORM AND PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION

Two new, simple, sensitive and accurate stability-indication methods were developed for quantitative determination of rosuvastain in the presence of its degradation products in raw material. The first is a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method in which separation was achieved on Phenomenex C18 column (250 mm, i.d. 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using acetonitrile: 0.5 % formic acid (50 + 50, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at ambient temperature (22 – 27 °C) with ultraviolet detection at 248 nm over a concentration range of 5 – 300 μg/ml with mean recovery of 99.51 – 100.66 %. The second method is High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) in which the drug is separated form its acidic degradation products on silica gel 60F254 plates using ethylacetate: toluene: acetonitrile: formic acid (6 + 3.5 + 0.5 + 0.2 v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase with ultraviolet detection of the separated bands at 243 nm over a concentration range of 318 3816 ng/spot for rosuvastain with mean recovery 99.77-101.94 %. Both methods can analysis Rosuvastatin in bulk drug with intraday and interday precision of 0.23 – 0.87% and 0.29 – 0.84%, respectively for HPLC method and 0.48-0.93 % and 0.24-0.77 %, respectively for HPTLC method. Developed methods can apply for the estimation of three strength of NOVASTAT tablet manufacture by Lupin pharmaceuticals.
MULTILEVEL MODELLING OF GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION ORDINARY LEVEL PERFORMANCE OF SCHOOLS IN CONFLICT AFFECTED AREAS IN SRI LANKA

Multilevel data structures are known as consisting of multiple units of analysis, one clustered within the other. The concept of multilevel data modelling has been developed for several years mainly because the researchers have realized the disadvantages of ignoring such multilevel data structures. This study aims to find out factors affecting the General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level (G.C.E. O/L) pass rate at schools located in civil war affected provinces in Sri Lanka. The study also extends to observe the multilevel data structure by schools, districts and provinces, and determine how these levels have an impact on the G.C. E. O/L pass rate. The above has been undertaken by the application of advanced analysis focused on developing Generalized Linear Multilevel Model for ordered categorical response using the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation method employing MLwiN 2.10 software. Finally, the partial non-proportional odds model was selected as the most appropriate model for the Educational data used in this study based on account of its simplicity and accuracy.