Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A BAKE-OFF BETWEEN cmfgen AND fastwind: MODELING THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SMC AND LMC O-TYPE STARS

The model atmosphere programs fastwind and cmfgen are both elegantly designed to perform non-LTE analyses of the spectra of hot massive stars, and include sphericity and mass-loss. The two codes differ primarily in their approach toward line blanketing, with cmfgen treating all of the lines in the co-moving frame and fastwind taking an approximate approach which speeds up execution times considerably. Although both have been extensively used to model the spectra of O-type stars, no studies have used the codes to independently model the same spectra of the same stars and compare the derived physical properties. We perform this task on 10 O-type stars in the Magellanic Clouds. For the late-type O supergiants, both cmfgen and fastwind have trouble fitting some of the He i lines, and we discuss causes and cures. We find that there is no difference in the average effective temperatures found by the two codes for the stars in our sample, although the dispersion is large, due primarily to the various difficulties each code has with He i. The surface gravities determined using fastwind are systematically lower by 0.12 dex compared to cmfgen, a result we attribute to the better treatment of electron scattering by cmfgen. This has implications for the interpretation of the origin of the so-called mass discrepancy, as the masses derived by fastwind are on average lower than inferred from stellar evolutionary models, while those found by cmfgen are in better agreement.
The Effectiveness of Commercial Vaccination against Lawsonia intracellularis in Mitigating the Reduction in ADWG, the Increased Mortality and Fecal Shedding of the Vaccinated Pigs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Simple Summary Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE), caused by Lawsonia intracellularis, is prevalent globally and produces a great economic impact on affected countries. However, its pathogenic mechanism has not been completely elucidated as the infectious agent is an anaerobic obligate intracellular bacterium, which has resulted in considerable difficulty for controlling the disease. Two commercial vaccines for controlling PPE are currently available, and a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the pooled effect of the vaccines to provide updated quantitative evidences to the stakeholders. The efficacy of the vaccines was assessed using three outcomes: average daily weight gain (ADWG), mortality, and fecal shedding. The results indicated that the vaccinated pigs showed significantly reduced risk in mortality and fecal-shedding compared to the control pigs. The significant increase in ADWG was also observed in the immunized pigs compared to the unvaccinated controls. Considering the current situation that new alternatives for control of PPE is not identified, these evidence-based findings will help improve decision-making on practical use of the vaccines to prevent PPE. Furthermore, the results will also provide updated information to the researchers while experimental candidate vaccines against PPE are being developed. Abstract In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of commercial vaccines against PPE in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Of the 373 articles reviewed, 16 fulfilled the pre-specified inclusion criteria. Three independent reviewers extracted the data, and vaccine effectiveness was assessed using the outcomes of interest. The majority of studies had a low or unclear risk of bias as assessed using the ARRIVE guidelines. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that the vaccination resulted in statistically significant reductions in bacterial fecal shedding (odds ratio, OR = 0.122, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.054–0.278) and mortality rate (risk ratio, RR = 0.199; 95% CI, 0.066–0.605). Furthermore, ADWG was significantly increased in the vaccinated pigs compared to the unvaccinated controls (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.606, 95% CI 0.243–0.969). In the subgroup analysis, the production phase and study type significantly influenced the effect size (p < 0.1). The Egger’s regression test showed no evidence of publication bias (p > 0.1). The effectiveness of commercially available vaccines against PPE-related weight loss, fecal shedding, and mortality suggests that the vaccines may help control PPE on affected swine farms.
Exports and innovation under trade conflicts: A dynamic and heterogeneous perspective

We build a dynamic and heterogeneous firm-level model that embodies joint decisions to export and innovate and allows both decisions to affect the firm’s production growth. We calibrate the model based on Chinese manufacturing firm data from 2005 to 2007 and find that: (1) the industry dynamics are driven by both self-selection and learning-by-exporting mechanisms, in which firms’ exports and innovation work in tandem, (2) an increasing tariff causes much a bigger negative impact than an increasing entry cost, and (3) the negative impacts of a trade conflict heavily depend on its severity as well as timing.
Autonomic and cardiorespiratory responses to the active tilt test in individuals with Parkinson disease: cross-sectional study

Abstract Background The Parkinson disease (PD) is frequently associated with autonomic dysfunctions. However, data regarding the influence of PD on the autonomic responses to postural changes is limited. Objective To analyze and compare the autonomic responses, evaluated through linear and non-linear methods of heart rate variability, and cardiorespiratory parameters in two groups: Parkinson disease (PDG) and control (CG), at rest and during the active tilt test. Methods A total of 48 participants were analyzed (PDG: n = 25;73.40 ± 7.01 years / CG: n = 23;70.17 ± 8.20 years). The autonomic modulation and cardiorespiratory parameters were evaluated at rest and during the active tilt test. To assess the autonomic modulation the linear indices, at the time (rMSSD, SDNN) and frequency (LF, HF, LF/HF) domains, and the non-linear indices, obtained through the Poincaré plot (SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2), were calculated. The cardiorespiratory parameters evaluated were heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ), and respiratory rate. Results At rest, the PDG presented significantly lower values of rMSSD, SDNN, LF, HF, SD1, SD2, and DBP, and higher values of SpO 2 . During test, in the PD group, modifications were observed in HR, and SBP, besides a reduced parasympathetic response, and an increased global modulation. The qualitative analysis of the Poincaré plot showed that the PDG has a lower dispersion of the RR intervals during rest and the active tilt test. Conclusion Individuals with PD present reduced global variability and parasympathetic modulation at rest, and reduced parasympathetic response and damage in HR regulation when performing the active tilt test, compared with controls.
Deep Learning Models for Classification of Dental Diseases Using Orthopantomography X-ray OPG Images

The teeth are the most challenging material to work with in the human body. Existing methods for detecting teeth problems are characterised by low efficiency, the complexity of the experiential operation, and a higher level of user intervention. Older oral disease detection approaches were manual, time-consuming, and required a dentist to examine and evaluate the disease. To address these concerns, we propose a novel approach for detecting and classifying the four most common teeth problems: cavities, root canals, dental crowns, and broken-down root canals, based on the deep learning model. In this study, we apply the YOLOv3 deep learning model to develop an automated tool capable of diagnosing and classifying dental abnormalities, such as dental panoramic X-ray images (OPG). Due to the lack of dental disease datasets, we created the Dental X-rays dataset to detect and classify these diseases. The size of datasets used after augmentation was 1200 images. The dataset comprises dental panoramic images with dental disorders such as cavities, root canals, BDR, dental crowns, and so on. The dataset was divided into 70% training and 30% testing images. The trained model YOLOv3 was evaluated on test images after training. The experiments demonstrated that the proposed model achieved 99.33% accuracy and performed better than the existing state-of-the-art models in terms of accuracy and universality if we used our datasets on other models.
Empirical Study on the Grain Output Based on Regression Analysis

Based on a literature review of influencing factors and forecasting methods for grain production, the empirical analysis of the influencing factors of China’s grain output is performed using the full subset regression method, the ridge regression method, and the LASSO regression method. The results show that (1) the increase in the sown area of grain crops is the main reason for the increase in grain output, (2) the use of agricultural fertilizers and the increase in rural electricity consumption are the driving factors for the increase in grain output, (3) the impact of total power of agricultural machinery is limited, and (4) natural disasters have a certain negative impact on food production.
LACpG10-HL Functions Effectively in Antibiotic-Free and Healthy Husbandry by Improving the Innate Immunity

Antibiotics are broadly restricted in modern husbandry farming, necessitating the need for efficient and low-cost immunomodulatory preparations in antibiotic-free and healthful farming. As is known to all, CpG oligonucleotides (CpG-ODNs, an effective innate immunostimulatory agent) recognized by TLR9 in mammals (while TLR21 in avians) could collaborate with some united agent to induce stronger immune responses, but the cost is prohibitively expensive for farmers. Here, considering the coordination between TLR2 and TLR9/TLR21, we firstly proposed the idea that the well-fermented Lactococcus lactis could be utilized as a CpG-plasmid carrier (LACpG10) to enhance the host’s innate immunity against pathogenic invasion. In the present study, after obtaining LACpG10-HL from homogenized and lyophilized recombinant strain LACpG10, we treated primary chicken lymphocytes, two cell lines (HD11 and IPEC-J2), and chickens with LACpG10-HL, CpG plasmids (pNZ8148-CpG10), and other stimulants, and respectively confirmed the effects by conducting qRT-PCR, bacterial infection assays, and a zoological experiment. Our data showed that LACpG10-HL could induce excellent innate immunity by regulating autophagy reactions, cytokine expression, and motivating PRRs. Interestingly, despite having no direct antiseptic effect, LACpG10-HL improved the antibacterial capacities of lymphocytes and enterocytes at the first line of defense. Most importantly, water-supplied LACpG10-HL treatment reduced the average adverse event rates, demonstrating that LACpG10-HL maintained its excellent immunostimulatory and protective properties under farming conditions. Our research not only contributes to revealing the satisfactory effects of LACpG10-HL but also sheds new light on a cost-effective solution with optimal immune effects in green, antibiotic-free, and healthful husbandry farming.
Morphological Features of PUR-Wood Particle Composite Foams

The aim of this study was to apply waste wood particles (WP) with different sizes from primary wood processing as a filler for open-cell PUR foams. For this purpose, various wood particle sizes were added as a filler for polyurethane foams (PUR). The effects of the addition of of 0.05–<0.125 mm, 0.125–<0.315 mm, 0.315–1.25 mm, and >1.25–2.0 of WP to the polyurethane matrix on the density, the kinetics of PUR foaming, the cell structure, and the morphology were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray computer tomography were used. Based on the results, it was found that the addition of WP in the amount of 10% leads to an increase in density with an increase in particle size. The research shows that the morphology of the PUR-WP foam is influenced by its particle size. The difference in the number and size of cells in PUR-WP composites depends on the wood particle size. The addition of dust causes the formation of cells of much smaller sizes; confirmed by SEM images. Moreover, computer tomography clearly demonstrates that the WP are well-dispersed within the foams’ structures.
Mott transition in multiorbital models for iron pnictides

The bad-metal behavior of the iron pnictides has motivated a theoretical description in terms of a proximity to Mott localization. Since the parent compounds of the iron pnictides contain an even number of 3d-electrons per Fe, it is important to determine whether a Mott transition robustly exists and the nature of the possible Mott insulating phases. We address these issues in a minimal two-orbital model and a more realistic four-orbital model for the parent iron pnictides using a slave-spin approach. In the two-orbital model with two electrons per Fe, we identify a transition from metal to Mott insulator. The critical coupling, $U_c$, is greatly reduced by the Hund's coupling. Depending on the ratio between the inter- and intra-orbital Coulomb repulsions, the insulating state can be either a spin-Mott insulator or an orbital-Mott insulator. In the four-orbital model with four electrons per Fe, we find an orbitally selective metal-to-insulator transition in the case of zero Hund's coupling; the transition to a Mott insulator in the $xz$ and $yz$ orbitals takes place at the same critical coupling as the transition to a band insulator in the $xy$ and $x^2-y^2$ orbitals. In the presence of a finite Hund's coupling, however, the localization transition is into a spin-Mott state.
How dielectric screening in two-dimensional crystals affects the convergence of excited-state calculations: Monolayer MoS2

We present first-principles many-body calculations of the dielectric constant, quasiparticle band structure, and optical absorption spectrum of monolayer MoS$_2$ using a supercell approach. As the separation between the periodically repeated layers is increased, the dielectric function of the layer develops a strong $q$ dependence around $q=0$. This implies that denser $k$-point grids are required to converge the band gap and exciton binding energies when large supercells are used. In the limit of infinite layer separation, here obtained using a truncated Coulomb interaction, a $45\times45$ $k$-point grid is needed to converge the G$_0$W$_0$ band gap and exciton energy to within 0.1 eV. We provide an extensive comparison with previous studies and explain agreement and variations in the results. It is demonstrated that too coarse $k$-point sampling and the interactions between the repeated layers have opposite effects on the band gap and exciton energy, leading to a fortuitous error cancellation in the previously published results.
Survey of Collision Avoidance Systems for Underground Mines: Sensing Protocols

With the growing number of unintentional interactions occurring in underground mines, Collision Avoidance System (CAS) establishment and maintenance has become an urgent need for mining industries to enhance their risk profile and improve construction safety. Usually, most collision accidents can be divided into three different categories in line with the involved participants and infrastructure condition. The accidents pose a great risk of financial cost to mining companies and even cause casualties. In detail, this paper presents an intensive study survey of positioning techniques, including ranging algorithms, to accommodate the demands of various proximity sensors and improve the capability of situational awareness. Then, we exploit the importance of the communication system, prevalent low-power wide-area technologies and related communication protocols. The effectiveness of communication systems decides and facilitates the success of the final integrated system that can be used to fundamentally address the problem of collision avoidance. For the purpose of collaboration between communication systems and other executive departments, a series of systematic comparisons of pertinent technologies and algorithms is given near the end, followed by a brief discussion on the best choice among these options. In the proposed solution, the overall end-to-end delay can be minimised to a few nanoseconds and the localisation accuracy can achieve centimetre level when operating in the range of 100 m.
Coastal Environment Impact on the Construction Materials of Anfushi’s Necropolis (Pharos’s Island) in Alexandria, Egypt

The only example and reference of Ptolemaic Alexandrian tombs, with clear integrations of Egyptian-style scenes and decorations, is considered an endangered archaeological site due to different coastal environmental risks in Alexandria and the absence of maintenance. Anfushi’s Necropolis is located near the western harbour (Island of Pharos) and dates back to the 2nd century BC. Sea level rises, earthquakes, flooding, storminess, variations in temperature, rainfall, and wind are the factors that have the largest effect on the destruction and decay of Anfushi’s Necropolis building materials. This paper’s main objectives were to characterize this necropolis’s building materials and assess its durability problems and risks regarding the coastal environment. Additionally, the vector mapping of its architectural and structural elements was applied for documentation and recording purposes for the necropolis. To achieve these aims, field (recording and photographs), desk (engineering drawing and mapping), and laboratory works (X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, binocular microscopy, polarizing microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy) were carried out. The results confirmed the probabilistic risk of sea level rises and its impact on the submergence of Anfushi’s Necropolis. The structural deficiencies of the tombs were caused by the effect of earthquake tremors along with anthropogenic factors. In addition, chemical and microscopic investigations showed that salt weathering (halite and gypsum) induced the decay of the building materials.
Polarization properties of OH masers in AGB and post-AGB stars

Context. Ground-state OH maser emission from late-type stars is usually polarized and remains a powerful probe of the magnetic field structure in the outer regions of circumstellar envelo pes if observed with high angular and spectral resolutions. Observations in all four Stokes parameters are quite sparse and this is the most thorough, systematic study published to date. Aims. We aim to determine polarization properties of OH masers in an extensive sample of stars that show copious mass loss and search for candidate objects that are well-suited for high a ngular resolution studies. Methods. Full-polarization observations of the OH 1612 and 1667 MHz maser transitions were carried out for a sample of 117 AGB and post-AGB stars. Several targets were also observed in the 1665 MHz line. Results. A complete set of full-polarization spectra together with t he basic polarization parameters are presented. Polarized features occur in more than 75% of the sources in the complete sample and there is no intrinsic difference in the occurrence of polarized emission between the three classes of objects of different infrared characteristics. The highest fractional po larization occurs for the post-AGB+PN and the Mira+SR classes at 1612 and 1667 MHz, respectively. Differences in the fractional polarization between the sources at different evolutionary stages appear to be related to depolariz ation caused by blending. The alignment of the polarization angles at the extreme sides of the shell implies a regular str ucture of the magnetic field of a strength of 0.3-2.3 mG. Conclusions. Polarized OH maser features are widespread in AGB and post-AGB stars. The relationship between the circular and linear fractional polarizations for a representative samp le are consistent with the standard models of polarization f or the Zeeman splitting higher than the Doppler line width, whereas the polarized features are theσ components.
Possible Synergies of Nanomaterial-Assisted Tissue Regeneration in Plasma Medicine: Mechanisms and Safety Concerns

Cold atmospheric plasma and nanomedicine originally emerged as individual domains, but are increasingly applied in combination with each other. Most research is performed in the context of cancer treatment, with only little focus yet on the possible synergies. Many questions remain on the potential of this promising hybrid technology, particularly regarding regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In this perspective article, we therefore start from the fundamental mechanisms in the individual technologies, in order to envision possible synergies for wound healing and tissue recovery, as well as research strategies to discover and optimize them. Among these strategies, we demonstrate how cold plasmas and nanomaterials can enhance each other’s strengths and overcome each other’s limitations. The parallels with cancer research, biotechnology and plasma surface modification further serve as inspiration for the envisioned synergies in tissue regeneration. The discovery and optimization of synergies may also be realized based on a profound understanding of the underlying redox- and field-related biological processes. Finally, we emphasize the toxicity concerns in plasma and nanomedicine, which may be partly remediated by their combination, but also partly amplified. A widespread use of standardized protocols and materials is therefore strongly recommended, to ensure both a fast and safe clinical implementation.
Higgs bosons production and decay at future $e^+e^-$ linear colliders as a probe of the B-L model

We study the phenomenology of the light and heavy Higgs boson production and decay in the context of a $U(1)_{B-L}$ extension of the Standard Model with an additional $Z'$ boson at future $e^+e^-$ linear colliders with center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=500-3000\hspace{0.8mm}GeV$ and integrated luminosities of ${\cal L}=500-2000\hspace{0.8mm}fb^{-1}$. The study includes the processes $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow (Z, Z') \to Zh$ and $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow (Z, Z') \to ZH$, considering both the resonant and non-resonant effects. We find that the total number of expected $Zh$ and $ZH$ events can reach 909,124 and 97,487, respectively, which is a very optimistic scenario and thus it would be possible to perform precision measurements for both Higgs bosons $h$ and $H$, as well as for the $Z'$ boson in future high-energy and high-luminosity $e^+e^-$ colliders experiments. Our study complements other studies on the B-L model and on the Higgs-strahlung processes $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow (Z, Z') \to Zh$ and $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow (Z, Z') \to ZH$.
High Density Integration of Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers in InP Generic Photonic Integration Technology

We present experimental studies of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) with a high integration density in an InP generic photonic integration platform. We study the active-passive butt joint integration of dense arrays of active islands with widths ranging from 2 to 30 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m, and pitches ranging from 4 to 270 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m. We show that there is significant room for increasing the density of active island arrays while keeping a similar growth rate enhancement in between the active islands. The impact of narrow active islands on SOA performance is also studied with an array of Fabry-Pérot lasers fabricated in a commercial generic platform. We demonstrate the manufacturability of lasers with a pitch of 25 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m and evaluate individual device performance. Threshold currents and slope efficiencies are not impaired with narrow active island down to 6 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m, with values of 19–26 mA and 0.08–0.15 W/A respectively.