Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of high spatiotemporal‐resolution soil moisture observations with CLM4.0 simulations

Automatic soil moisture data with a temporal resolution of 1 hr, a spatial resolution of 30 km, from the period June 1–September 1, 2017, and from Henan province in China, and simulation results from the Community Land Model (CLM4.0) were first compared, and a calibration study was further conducted and investigated. The operational status of the instruments was confirmed, and the data passed quality control. The corresponding simulation was performed using the CLM4.0. Small spatial scale variations in observed soil moisture contents were found, but relatively large spatial variations were observed in the simulated soil moisture contents. Since a relatively large bias and weak correlation were found between the simulation and observations, it is necessary to bias‐correct the model outputs in order to improve the prediction capability of the numerical models. After bias correction was conducted, the outliers accounting for around 10% of the actual samples were identified and removed for each layer. The observed and simulated data were found to be linearly distributed, and the probability density distribution of deviations between observed and simulated values showed a normal distribution. The mean bias (BIAS) and root mean square error (RMSE) decreased by 100% and 50%, respectively, and the correlation co‐efficient (CORR) increased by about 10 times. These improvements showed that the bias‐corrected data met the requirements for the evaluation and application of soil moisture data, which can be of great significance in improving future land simulation and assimilation.
Checklists of the Parasites of Dolphin, Coryphaena hippurus, and Pompano Dolphin, C. equiselis with New Records, Corrections, and Comments on the Literature

We report 125 parasites and associates of Dolphin, Coryphaena hippurus, and 28 of Pompano Dolphin, Coryphaena equiselis, including 8 new host records. We correct and explain problems in the literature in updating these checklists, including 64 confusions, 63 synonyms used, 51 omissions, 14 errors, 13 stomach contents called parasites, 9 incorrect species, 7 nomen nudums used, 7 incorrect higher classifications, 6 false hosts, and resolve the old controversy of Bathycotyle branchialis/B. coryphaenae preferred location in the gills, but not of its identity, the identity of Benedenia hendorffii, nor the mysterious rarity of Echinophallus lonchinobothrium and Plicocestus janickii. Most of the known parasites of dolphins actually rarely occur on these hosts. Dinurus hippurus, D. ivanosi, Floriceps saccatus, Metabronema magna, and Pennella sp. occur in limited geographic areas. However, 14 species of parasites occur commonly in the Dolphin and 5 in the Pompano Dolphin around the world. Charopinopsis quaternia is almost host specific and a characteristic parasite; Hysterothylacium pelagicum is genus specific and characteristic; Dinurus barbatus, D. breviductus, D. hippurus, D. longisinus, and D. tornatus are characteristic; Caligus quadratus, Hirudinella ventricosa, and Tetrochetus coryphaenae are primary parasites; Bathycotyle branchialis (or B. coryphaenae), Benedenia hendorffii, and Stephanostomum coryphaenae are host specific to the Dolphin; Pennella sp. is genus specific to dolphins. The Dolphin is the preferred host of Euryphorus nordmanni, a preferred host of Lernaeenicus longiventris, and dolphins are preferred hosts of Caligus coryphaenae. Rhadinorhynchus pristis is a secondary parasite. Caligus quadratus and Kudoa thyrsites may, and Neobenedenia melleni and M. pargueraensis will cause problems in Dolphin aquaculture. Only nine species of parasites have been shown to harm the Dolphin in nature, but this area is largely unknown. More dolphin parasites are known from the NW Atlantic, but this is study bias, not reality. Dolphins appear to be parasitologically isolated from other families of fishes. The distributions of some Dolphin parasites suggest this worldwide host may be separated into populations that have little communication.
Expression of Canine Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase by Baculovirus for Canine Mammary Tumor Diagnosis

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: July 28, 2019 January 05, 2020 January 09, 2020 February 03, 2020 Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), an outer mitochondrial membrane enzyme that is central to the kynurenine pathway, has been demonstrated to be associated with malignancy in human cancers. Cancers in dogs are considered reliable and clinically relevant models of human diseases owing to similarities in the natural history of these human and canine tumors and the superficial resemblances in the anatomy, topology, metastatic patterns, and response to therapy between canine and human cancers. This study aims to establish an efficient protocol to prepare the recombinant canine KMO protein for potential application in canine cancer study. The amino acid sequence and structure of canine KMO were analyzed using homology modeling provided by SWISS-MODEL. The canine KMO (cKMO) was produced by using a baculovirus–insect cell (Sf9 cells) expression system. Fulllength cKMO was expressed by the baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells as a 477-aminoacid protein with a molecular weight of 55 kDa. On average a yield of 2 mg of protein was obtained from 2 × 10 baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells. The results from western blot and immunofluorescent assay showed KMO can be successfully expressed by Sf9 cells within the cytosol and mitochondria. The purified recombinant KMO protein could be used as an antigen for generating anti-cKMO antibodies to further investigate the role in canine carcinogenesis. ©2020 PVJ. All rights reserved
Genetic Analysis of Wild Lake Trout Embryos Recovered from Lake Michigan

Abstract The Mid-Lake Reef Complex (MLRC) is a large area of deep reefs that separate the two main basins of Lake Michigan. In an attempt to evaluate which of several strains of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush stocked in Lake Michigan are actively spawning at the MLRC, eggs that had been deposited by spawning lake trout were collected at three sites on East Reef. These eggs were incubated and shown to be viable and capable of developing to the emergent fry stage. The samples were genotyped at four microsatellite loci, and a proportional admixture analysis was performed to estimate the genetic contribution of the four predominant lake trout hatchery strains used to stock the MLRC. These estimates were then compared with the abundance of each strain stocked since 1985. The point admixture estimates indicated unequal spawning success among strains in the wild. Specifically, the Seneca Lake strain appeared to be the most successful, while the Lewis Lake strain was the least successful and may not be spawning .
Change in forest planner's advisory role

Abstract Urbanisation and related lifestyle changes, as well as the opportunities offered by new information and communication technology, are altering decision-making among family forest owners. Consequently, the approaches and tools of communicating with forest owners are under pressure towards becoming more customer-orientated. The present study looks at forestry advisory practices connected with forest management planning using the theory base and methods of activity theory and the active involvement of practical forestry professionals. Collaborative developmental meetings with a group of foresters were conducted in three organisations. A total of 22 sessions were held within separate developmental projects. Tacit knowledge and good communication practices were observed among the foresters involved in this. New flexible service models and improvements to current service chains were designed and experimented to support forest owners in their forest management activity. Analysis of experiences suggests adjusting forestry advisory practitioners’ roles. A more meaningful customer-compatible role of the forest planner fostering the planner's work-related well-being could include two sub-roles: a mediator is sensitive to the owner's needs and wishes and s/he informs the owner about the forest holding and its various long-term opportunities and an activator, in turn, supports the realisation of the suggested operations in the forest holding.
Artificial Intelligence in Health Care? Evidence from Online Job Postings

This paper documents a puzzle. Despite the numerous popular press discussions of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care, there has been relatively little adoption. Using data from Burning Glass Technologies on millions of online job postings, we find that AI adoption in health care remains substantially lower than in most other industries and that under 3 percent of the hospitals in our data posted any jobs requiring AI skills from 2015-2018. The low adoption rates mean any statistical analysis is limited. Nevertheless, the adoption we do observe shows that larger hospitals, larger counties, and integrated salary model hospitals are more likely to adopt.
Thermal Buffering of Microhabitats is a Critical Factor Mediating Warming Vulnerability of Frogs in the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot

Species may circumvent the impacts of climate warming if the habitats they use reduce ambient temperature. In this study, we identified which frog species from a tropical montane rain forest in the Philippines may be vulnerable to climate warming. To do so, we selected five anuran species that utilize four breeding habitats and identified the sensitivity and exposure of tadpoles and direct‐developer eggs to heat by measuring their critical thermal maximums (CTmax) and the habitat‐specific temperatures they experience. Our study species included two direct‐developer frogs—one species that lays its eggs on exposed leaves, and another that lays its eggs in ferns—and three species that produce aquatic free‐swimming tadpoles—two stream breeders, and one phytotelm (tree hole) breeder. We compared thermal tolerances derived from microclimates of breeding habitats with tolerances derived from macroclimate (i.e., non‐buffered air temperature taken from the rain forest canopy). We also examined whether differences in CTmax existed across life‐history stages (egg, metamorph/young‐of‐year, and adult) for the two direct‐developer frog species. Habitats buffered ambient temperature and expanded thermal tolerances of all frog species. We found that direct‐developers, however, are more vulnerable to increased temperatures than aquatic breeders—indicated by their high sensitivity to temperature, and exposure to high temperatures. Direct‐developer eggs were more sensitive to warming than both metamorph and adult life‐history stages. Thermally buffered microhabitats may represent the only protection against current and impending climate warming. Our data highlight the importance of considering sensitivity and exposure in unison when deciphering warming vulnerability of frogs.
Fourteen Years of Management and Fishing Success in Alabama's State-owned Public Fishing Lakes

Abstract Twenty state-owned lakes containing 1,733 acres were opened to public fishing for 1 to 14 years during the period of 1950 to 1964 and provided a total of 13,695 acre-years of fishing. During this 14-year period, a total of 1,844,397 fishermen caught 7,855,325 fish weighing 2,375,788 pounds which included 413,876 largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) weighing 395,222 pounds. These lakes, therefore, provided per acre an annual average of 135 fisherman-trips and a catch of 573 fish weighing 173 pounds including 30 largemouth bass weighing 29 pounds. The highest average catch of 224 pounds per acre occurred during the first year of fishing following opening. The average catch per acre during each of the following 13 years ranged from 151 pounds during the third year to 202 pounds for the fourteenth year. Approximately 7,380,000 visitors, in addition to fishermen, used the lake areas for picnicking, hiking, camping, swimming, and boating. Revenues received from the sale of fishing permits and boat r.
Hospital Admission Location Prediction via Deep Interpretable Networks for the Year-Round Improvement of Emergency Patient Care

Objective: This paper presents a deep learning method of predicting where in a hospital emergency patients will be admitted after being triaged in the Emergency Department (ED). Such a prediction will allow for the preparation of bed space in the hospital for timely care and admission of the patient as well as allocation of resource to the relevant departments, including during periods of increased demand arising from seasonal peaks in infections. Methods: The problem is posed as a multi-class classification into seven separate ward types. A novel deep learning training strategy was created that combines learning via curriculum and a multi-armed bandit to exploit this curriculum post-initial training. Results: We successfully predict the initial hospital admission location with area-under-receiver-operating-curve (AUROC) ranging between 0.60 to 0.78 for the individual wards and an overall maximum accuracy of 52% where chance corresponds to 14% for this seven-class setting. Our proposed network was able to interpret which features drove the predictions using a ‘network saliency’ term added to the network loss function. Conclusion: We have proven that prediction of location of admission in hospital for emergency patients is possible using information from triage in ED. We have also shown that there are certain tell-tale tests which indicate what space of the hospital a patient will use. Significance: It is hoped that this predictor will be of value to healthcare institutions by allowing for the planning of resource and bed space ahead of the need for it. This in turn should speed up the provision of care for the patient and allow flow of patients out of the ED thereby improving patient flow and the quality of care for the remaining patients within the ED.
SISTEM PENCARIAN E-JOURNAL MENGGUNAKAN METODE STOPWORD REMOVAL DAN STEMMING BERBASIS ANDROID

Pencarian adalah sebuah fitur utama yang sangat penting untuk ada dalam sebuah aplikasi. Terutama jika aplikasi tersebut akan berurusan dengan sumber data yang besar dan kurang teratur seperti data dalam jurnal/dokumen. Namun, dengan adanya fitur tersebut muncul juga beberapa masalah baru yaitu bagaimana menyediakan fitur pencarian yang memiliki akurasi ketepatan dan performa yang baik. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini, dikembangkan suatu aplikasi yang dapat menyediakan fitur pencarian dengan tingkat akurasi dan performa yang baik dengan menggunakan metode stopword removal dan stemming berbahasa indonesia. Dengan metode ini, kata-kata yang kurang begitu penting akan dihilangkan dari kata kunci pencarian sehingga diharapkan akan meningkatkan performa pencarian. Dan setelah dilakukan penelitian ini, dihasilkan sebuah aplikasi sistem pencarian e-journal menggunakan metode stopword removal dan stemming berbasis aplikasi android. Kata Kunci: Sistem Pencarian, E-journal, Stopword Removal, Stemming.
Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli: survival and growth in plant tissue

Abstract This review presents information on disease outbreaks in human populations linked to Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with the consumption of fresh produce. It focuses on the processes of bacterial internalization and survival in non-host plant tissues and the role of biofilms in bacterial persistence. Research to identify the microbial sources contaminating fruits and vegetables and their persistence is urgently required. Internalization of human pathogenic bacteria in plant tissues is reported for various fruits. Under certain circumstances these can enter the plant via roots or seeds, with subsequent survival and translocation within the plant. Research should continue on the relationships between human pathogens and plants, and treatments should be developed to minimize pathogen presence on the surface of raw produce and to prevent their internalization.
Sustitución parcial de maíz por harina integral de Cucurbita moschata y su efecto sobre las variables productivas de pollos Cobb 500

Wholegrain Cucurbita moschata flour has a high total carotenoid content that can contribute to the tarsal and skin pigmentation of broilers. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of the substitution of corn for wholegrain pumpkin flour at three levels (10 %, 12 %, and 15 %) on the productive yield and pigmentation of chickens. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four treatments and four repetitions, each with 15 chickens of the Cobb 500 line without sexing. The productive variables weight, weight gain, food consumption, accumulated consumption, conversion and pigmentation of the skin, and tarsus of chickens were evaluated. The latter employed the Konica-Minolta CR-300 colorimeter. The analysis of variance performed on the variables consumption, accumulated consumption, weight gain, and accumulated weight showed statistical differences (p < 0.05) in the first and second stages between treatments. In the final stage, after 42 days, no significant differences between the studied variables were found, reaching a weight of 2,232.22 g to 2,384.00 g per chicken. The results in terms of skin and tarsus pigmentation show that the inclusion of 15 % wholegrain pumpkin flour showed significant differences between the T0 and the T2 treatments. We conclude that the use of wholegrain flour in its different formulations achieved satisfactory results; furthermore, 15 % of this flour was favorable on the productive yields and pigmentation of the chickens.
THE POSSIBLE ANTISCHISTOSOMAL EFFECT OF ALLICIN IN SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI INFECTED ALBINO MICE

Schistosomiasis is endemic mainly in Africa and the Middle East Countries, causing acute and chronic clinical pathogenicity. This study evaluated the potential antischistosomal efficiency of allicin against S. mansoni infected mice. Twenty CD1 male Albino mice were divided into two groups (10 mice/group). G1 (infected and treated with 0.9% NaCl), and G2 (infected and treated with 20mL/kg of allicin). Seven weeks post-infection, each group was intraperitoneally injected with allicin (3 times/week), sacrificed at the end of the 8th-week. Liver was harvested for studing worm burden, egg load, and oogram pattern. The recovered worms from both groups were subject to SEM and DNA fragmentation tests to monitor the differences. The results showed a significant reduction in worm burden and changes in oogram pattern ofG2 mice as compared to G1 (control). Allicin gave marked deformation of oral, ventral suckers and atrophy of the tubercles as well as marked fragmentation of the worms DNA.
Comparison of feeding efficiency, development time and survival of Tasmanian eucalyptus leaf beetle larvae Chrysophtharta bimaculata (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on two hosts

The native Eucalyptus leaf beetle Chrysophtharta bimaculata (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) has become a pest of the introduced, plantation species, Eucalyptus nitens Maiden in Tasmania, Australia. However, in the field it prefers to oviposit on the Tasmanian native species, E. regnans F. Muell. This laboratory study found that the performance of C. bimaculata larvae was superior on foliage of E. nitens compared with E. regnans. Larval development was 4 days shorter on E. nitens than on E. regnans foliage. Total food consumption per larva and relative consumption rates were about 30% lower while relative growth rates and weight of emergent adults were more than 25% higher on E. nitens than E. regnans. Efficiency of conversion (ECI) of fresh food into larval wet weight was 0.26 on E. nitens compared with 0.14 on E. regnans. Mortality of larvae feeding on E. nitens (23%) was only one third of that on E. regnans (69%), a result of high first instar mortality on E. regnans. Although the amount of foliage consumed per larva was lower on E. nitens (0.23 g vs 0.32 g), the differential mortality meant that the amount of E. nitens consumed per egg batch was 60% more than that of E. regnans. If these results occurred in the field, then the same monitored population of C. bimaculata eggs may result in heavier defoliation of plantation E. nitens than of E. regnans. These data show that the reported oviposition preference of C. bimaculata for E. regnans in the field cannot be explained by selection of host factors related to superior larval performance.
Ceramium bisporum (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales), an unusual new species from deep-water habitats in the Caribbean

Abstract A new species of Ceramium collected at a depth of 40–100 m was found along the insular shelf breaks on the southern coasts of Puerto Rico and St. Thomas, United States Virgin Islands. Ceramium bisporum sp.nov. was found only in association with dead colonies of the foraminiferan Gypsina plana (Muenster). The new species has an almost exclusively repent habit and is characterized by limited development of nodal cortication and broadly inflated rhizoids that penetrate deeply into the calcareous matrix of the foraminiferan. Occasional erect branchlets are always less than 1 mm tall. With a single exception, Ceramium bisporum is the only member of the genus known to produce bisporangia.
Biochemical phylogeny of the Drosophila montium species subgroup

Phylogenic relationships among 21 members (15 species) of the Drosophila montium species subgroup were investigated by O'Farrell's two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and by starch gel electrophoresis (SDE). Phylogenic positions of two unclassified species [D. punjabiensis-like and D. sp. (Iriomote)] as well as those of two new species (D. bocki and D. leontia) within the D. kikkawai complex could be assigned, and it was evidenced that both electrophoretic techniques are adjunctively useful tools in taxonomy. Although the magnitude of genetic differentiation may be different between protein loci surveyed by 2DE and allozyme loci obtained by SDE, the relationship of genetic distances was highly correlated between two data sets of 2DE and SDE, as shown previously by Aquadro and Avise (1981). The biochemical dendrograms in the subgroup were constructed by the data sets (2DE and SDE) of genetic distances between species. The genetic relationships were consistent with the results of interspecific hybridization among these species.
Dietary overlap between Boer goats and indigenous browsers in a South African savanna

The winter diet of free ranging Boer goats in Valley Bushveld, KwaZulu-Natal, was determined by direct observations and compared with the diet of indigenous browsers (kudu, eland, giraffe, black rhinoceros) in order to determine which browsers are most compatible with goats for ensuring more efficient use of savanna vegetation. Goats were predominantly browsers during winter, spending 73% of their time eating woody plant forage. Principal woody plant species in the diet included Rhus pentheri, Acacia nilotica, Acacia karroo, Euclea crispa and Ziziphus mucronata. Succulents (Aloe ferox and Aloe maculata) were also readily eaten. Highly preferred species were Capparis sepiaria, Phyllanthus verrucosus and Scolopia zeyheri, while Rhoicissus tridentata, Calpurnia aurea, Acacia ataxacantha, Euclea natalensis, Clerodendrum glabrum, Zanthoxylum capense and Hippobromus paucifolia were strongly avoided. Goats fed between ground level and 1m, with an average feeding height of 0.67m. The diet and feeding height of kudu and goats and of black rhinoceros and goats overlapped to a large extent suggesting that they are potential competitors for food resources. Similarly, overlap in diet between giraffe and goats was extensive, but overlap in feeding height was small. The potential for competition appeared to be the least between goats and eland because, despite feeding at similar heights, they generally consumed different species. A mixed farming system which includes goats, eland and giraffe is proposed as a useful management tool for using savanna vegetation more efficiently.