Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the Role of Immigrant Carers in Care for Older People at Home: The Case of Istanbul

In the modern period, the prevalence of chronic diseases has increased among old people due to the extended lifespans. Accordingly, older people who need for continuous care support has received much more focus. This study examines the experiences of immigrant female carers who are employed in home-based long-term older people care. Specifically, this study evaluates immigrant carers’ daily life practices and relationships with older people. In addition, this study explores the scope of the immigrant carer model as an alternative to caring for older people in traditional and institutional care models. In the study, a qualitative case study has been used. Care takers who immigrant Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan have been interviewed between 15 September and 15 October 2018. Snowball sampling method has been used to select interviewees from the abovementioned countries. All of the participants consist of women. The data has been analyzed in categorical content. The results show that a strong emotional bond has developed between immigrant caregivers and elderly people receiving care. At the same time, financial concerns were found to be the main factors contributing to the cares’ motivation. In this respect, it could be said that this model bears traces in both aspects of home-based older people care. This model could actually be considered to be an intermediate (buffer) mechanism that holds the characteristics of both traditional and modern care together.
Multiresponse optimization of drillability factors and mechanical properties of chitosan-reinforced polypropylene composite

In this study, the mechanical and machinability characteristics of chitosan (Cts)-filled polypropylene (PP) composites produced by injection molding method were analyzed. Uniaxial tensile, impact, hardness, and three-point flexural tests were used to observe the influence of Cts filler on the mechanical behavior of PP. For the machinability analysis of these materials, drilling experiments based on Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array were performed using different drill qualities and machining parameters. Then, machining conditions are optimized through grey relational analysis methodology for machinability characteristics such as thrust force and surface roughness obtained from drilling tests. The results showed that tensile, flexural strength, and percentage elongation decreased while impact strength increased with adding the Cts filler to PP. Moreover, it was determined that the tensile and flexural modulus of elasticity increased significantly and there was a slight increase in hardness. Thrust forces decreased while surface roughness values increased when the Cts filler ratio and feed rate was increased. The optimal machining conditions for minimizing thrust force and surface roughness was obtained as PP/10 wt% Cts material, uncoated tungsten carbide drill, feed rate of 0.05 mm/rev, and cutting speed of 40 m/min. In this regard, PP composite reinforced by 10 wt% Cts is recommended for industrial applications in terms of both the mechanical and machinability characteristics.
Low-skilled emigration, remittances and economic development in India

ABSTRACT This study explores the recent trends, state-wise changing patterns and determinants of low-skilled emigration from India to Gulf Cooperation Council using both familiar and unexplored sources of data. Moreover, it examines the developmental impacts of remittances in India at a great detail. We find that Indian diaspora across the globe is on the rise, with a shifting destinations from backward Asian regions to relatively advanced regions of the North America, Europe and Oceania. In India, when a state is backward in terms of development and well-being, it had the tendency to push its labour to the low-skilled migration streams, with a tendency to ‘withdraw’ when the state advances further. Poverty and unemployment are among the major determinants of the low-skilled emigration in India. Although we do not find any direct impact of remittances on growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), its impact on development and well-being is enormous. As overall unemployment is rising, a pro-emigration foreign policy is the immediate need of the hour. Moreover, endorsing skill development of youths could sustain overall development through increased skilled emigration to the North America, Europe and Oceania regions, and consequently increased inflow of remittances in the long run.
DESIGN OF AN EXPERIMENTAL 10 MW HOMOGENOUS REACTOR FUELED WITH CIRCULATING URANIUM OXIDE SUSPENSION IN LIGHT WATER

The designed homogeneous reactor with a fuel suspension of enriched U/ sub 3/O/sub 8/ in the light water moderator is assumed to have a thermal power of 16 Mw and to generate in an external heat exchanger satarated water steam at 255 deg C and 44 atm. for a 2500 kw turboalternator unit. The highest operating temperature of the suspension is supposed to be 300 deg C, and a pressure reserve of 20 to 30 atm. is provided it order to avoid local boiling in the unequally heated suspension. Calculations show that a rather high thermal efficiency may be attained. (W.D.M.)
Dialogue Meetings as an Arena for Collaboration and Reflection among Researchers and Practitioners

 Abstract — The research question of the article is to explore whether the dialogue meetings method could be relevant for reflective learning among researchers and practitioners when welfare technology should be implemented in municipalities, or not. A testbed was planned to be implemented in a retirement home in a Swedish municipality, and the practitioners worked with a pre-study of that testbed. In the article, the dialogue between the researchers and the practitioners in the dialogue meetings is described and analyzed. The potential of dialogue meetings as an arena for learning and reflection among researchers and practitioners is discussed. The research methodology approach is participatory action research with mixed methods (dialogue meetings, focus groups, participant observations). The main findings from the dialogue meetings were that the researchers learned more about the use of traditional research methods, and the practitioners learned more about how they could improve their use of the methods to facilitate change processes in their organization. These findings have the potential both for the researchers and the practitioners to result in more relevant use of research methods in change processes in organizations. It is concluded that dialogue meetings could be relevant for reflective learning among researchers and practitioners when welfare technology should be implemented in a health care organization.
Microfluidic based Platform for drug screening-A review

There is a lot of requirement to develop a preclinical rapid drug screening devices to treat the throat cancerous patients in effective manner. Very High costmodels like animal based, 2d and3d typemodels are static drug screening models and they are unable to mimic the human body dynamic condition. So micro luidic platform based drug screening devices will give predetermined and prominent result in rapid drug screening by mimic dynamic body conditions. Now it is required to review what are the developments from last ive years in screening the drug for cancer. Recently research is going onmicro luidic platforms to screen the ef icacy of mixed drugs, drug tolerance, and drug susceptibility. So this study presents the review on what are the advancements inmicro luidic platforms for rapid drug screening and for different cancer patients. This study also presents what are the different sensing methodologies of micro luidic devices exists to screen the drug for various cancerous tissues.
The effect of the optical fiber design on reducing the nonlinear characteristics of the optical fiber

Fiber Bragg Grating FBG Works as a filter within a specific range to counteract the light whose wavelength is within the filter range and allows the light whose wavelength is outside the range of the filter to pass through the carrier light-medium. In communications (fiber-optic) the FBG is used to separate the optical signals. In this paper, the nonlinear optical properties study for optical transmission that consists of an optical transmitter that is transmitting the signal to two different fiber design first is single-mode fiber and second is Coarse Wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) fiber. Then we enter the Bragg Grating on these two fiber and studies the effect of the Bragg on them. The nonlinear optical characteristic (Q factor and bit error rate BER) is calculated for different fiber length (Km) and input power (dBm) applied on these two fibers and found the best fiber type that has a high Q factor and zero BER. By using optiwave software and matlab (R2015) software program to measure the quality factor, eye diagram and BER of the received signal at the receiver, Results are obtained and installed with graphs and tables.
Coexistence of Two Closely Related Cyprinid Fishes (Hemiculter bleekeri and Hemiculter leucisculus) in the Upper Yangtze River, China

Species coexistence is one of the most important concepts in ecology for understanding how biodiversity is shaped and changed. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which two small cyprinid fishes (H. leucisculus and H. bleekeri) coexist by analyzing their niche segregation and morphological differences in the upper Yangtze River. Morphological analysis indicated that H. leucisculus has posteriorly located dorsal fins, whereas H. bleekeri has a more slender body, bigger eyes, longer anal fin base, and a higher head. Niche segregation analysis showed spatial and trophic niche segregation between these two species: on the spatial scale, H. leucisculus was more widely distributed than H. bleekeri, indicating that H. leucisculus is more of a generalist in the spatial dimension; on the trophic scale, H. bleekeri had a wider niche than H. leucisculus. Therefore, these two species adopt different adaptation mechanisms to coexist
Genetic diversity of exotic and local eggplants (Solanum spp.) cultivated in Côte d’Ivoire based on ISSR markers

Konan NO, Akaffou MA, Kouadio L, Akaffou DS, Mergeai G. 2020. Genetic diversity of exotic and local eggplants (Solanum spp.) cultivated in Côte d’Ivoire based on ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 21: 3651-3658. Eggplants are important vegetables in Côte d'Ivoire. Despite an increase in the cultivation of exotic genotypes and their progressive dominance over local cultivars, which could represent a threat of genetic erosion, there are not enough molecular data available on the genetic diversity of the eggplants currently cultivated in this country. This study is a contribution to the knowledge of the genetic diversity of the current eggplant cultivars grown in Côte d’Ivoire. It aimed to assess the genetic variation of nine exotic and local eggplants commonly cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire, using five inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers. The results revealed for the exotic cultivars 42 ISSR loci of which 31 were polymorphic (73.81 %), and for local cultivars 51 loci of which 49 (96.08%) were polymorphic. The Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon’s information index of local cultivars (He = 0.3333 and I = 0.4863) were higher than those of exotic cultivars (He = 0.2000 and I = 0.2971). The Gst value and the AMOVA analysis found more than 70% of the total genetic diversity within the groups. The Jaccard’s dissimilarity coefficients between the cultivars, ranged from 0.324 to 0.966 with an average of 0.741. The clustering of genotypes with the neighbor-joining unrooted tree and PCoA analysis differentiated three main clusters with exotic cultivars grouped in cluster I and local cultivars in cluster II and III. In view of these results, the local eggplants had higher genetic diversity and constitute an interesting germplasm which needs to be conserved for potential breeding programs.
Making effective participatory environmental health science through collaborative data analysis

Recent politics has amplified, albeit in stark terms, some simmering issues with the frame of participatory science. For example, when claims of environmental injustice are raised, citizen groups often produce a different set of data from that used by industry or the state to back up their assertions – “alternative facts,” if you will, to borrow a term from the contemporary political arena. This is part of epistemic modernization (Hess 2007; Moore et al. 2011) or epistemic democratization (Sismondo 2017) whereby laypeople and social movement groups participate in shaping the science and enacting the scientific agendas that impact them (Hess 2015; Hess et al. 2017). However, as I will argue in this chapter, the kinds of new knowledge that residents of environmentally compromised communities produce, while different from the science they are arguing against, are substantively and categorically opposite from the popular press version of “alt facts” in our posttruth era. By this I refer to the recent rightwing political demagoguery, bent on “inflaming anger and resentment” (Hoffman 2018, 449) and willing to invent and disseminate new “facts” as needed for coercion and confusion in the name of protoauthoritarian political gamesmanship. This socalled populism is not the same as public participation in the creation of science, which involves “arrangements that facilitate the active involvement of
Spatial genetics of a high elevation lineage of Rhytididae land snails in New Zealand: the Powelliphanta Kawatiri complex

ABSTRACT Powelliphanta is a genus of large carnivorous land snails endemic to New Zealand which display phenotypic variation within comparatively small geographic distances. The diversity within these snails has become a matter of high interest to conservation, as many lineages occupy small (or highly fragmented) ranges that render them vulnerable to ongoing habitat loss and predation by exotic pests. Combining Powelliphanta mitochondrial sequence data and genotypes of microsatellite loci we document the genetic structure within a species complex dubbed ‘Kawatiri’. All populations (with one exception) within the Kawatiri lineage are restricted to subalpine habitat (at elevations over 600 m above sea level). The ranges of some Kawatiri complex populations are adjacent to the congeneric lowland species Powelliphanta lignaria. Improved understanding of the distribution of this complex and the level and structure of genetic diversity provided a picture of a naturally fragmented lineage, restricted to a particular ecological zone. We identified six genetic clusters associated with population connectivity orientated north–south along mountain ranges, with east–west divisions between ranges. Future management should aim to retain the evolutionary potential within this young radiation by actively conserving the variation encompassed by each of the six clusters identified here.
Pricing Efficiency in Agricultural Markets: Evidence from the Sugarcane Sector in Laos

This study aims to analyse the relationship between farm gate prices and export prices in the sugarcane sector in Laos. The Johansen cointegration test, Granger-causality test, and the Error Correction Model (ECM) were used to investigate the causality and asymmetry of price transmission between the two market levels. The coefficient of variation values shows that farm gate prices were more volatile than prices at the exporter level. Granger’s causality tests show twoway causality between farm and export markets. Further, estimates of the price adjustment process suggest an asymmetric adjustment between producer and exporter prices, in short and long-run. This implies that there is a non-competitive market structure. It is therefore recommended that policies be put in place to ensure the efficient marketing of sugarcane in Laos.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Thymus mongolicus (Labiatae), a special spice plant

Abstract Thymus mongolicus is well-known spice plant and resource of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, belonging to the Thymus of the Labiatae family. In this study, the whole chloroplast genome of the T. mongolicus was sequenced, assembled and annotated, which contains 134 unique genes, including 89 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on 21 complete chloroplast genomes revealed that T. mongolicus is closely related to Mentha genus. The chloroplast genome could be used for species, varieties and medicinal materials identification, genetic engineering and Labiatae germplasm resources protection.
Perceptions of mis- or disinformation exposure predict political cynicism: Evidence from a two-wave survey during the 2018 US midterm elections

Despite a fast-growing body of literature on fake news and mis-/disinformation, there remains surprisingly little empirical work on the social/political consequences of exposure to false information. Addressing this issue, this study provides initial evidence that perceptions of false information exposure catalyze political cynicism. The findings from a two-wave panel survey during the 2018 US midterm elections reveal that perceptions of false information exposure 2 weeks before the election significantly predict the changes in political cynicism immediately after the election day. We also find that social media news use in Wave 1 significantly relates to political cynicism in Wave 2 indirectly through perceptions of mis-/disinformation exposure. The autoregressive regression model indicates that our findings are robust after controlling for prior levels of cynicism.
Going viral: How a single tweet spawned a COVID-19 conspiracy theory on Twitter

In late March of 2020, a new hashtag, #FilmYourHospital, made its first appearance on social media. The hashtag encouraged people to visit local hospitals to take pictures and videos of empty hospitals to help “prove” that the COVID-19 pandemic is an elaborate hoax. Using techniques from Social Network Analysis, this case study examines how this conspiracy theory propagated on Twitter and whether the hashtag virality was aided by the use of automation or coordination among Twitter users. We found that while much of the content came from users with limited reach, the oxygen that fueled this conspiracy in its early days came from a handful of prominent conservative politicians and far right political activists on Twitter. These power users used this hashtag to build awareness about the campaign and to encourage their followers to break quarantine and film what is happening at their local hospitals. After the initial boost by a few prominent accounts, the campaign was mostly sustained by pro-Trump accounts, followed by a secondary wave of propagation outside the U.S. The rise of the #FilmYourHospital conspiracy from a single tweet demonstrates the ongoing challenge of addressing false, viral information during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the spread of misinformation can be potentially mitigated by fact-checking and directing people to credible sources of information from public health agencies, false and misleading claims that are driven by politics and supported by strong convictions and not science are much harder to root out.
A Joint Experimental‐Modeling Investigation of the Effect of Light Elements on Dynamos in Small Planets and Moons

We present a joint experimental‐modeling investigation of core cooling in small terrestrial bodies. Significant amounts of light elements (S, O, Mg, Si) may compose the metallic cores of terrestrial planets and moons. However, the effect of multiple light elements on transport properties, in particular, electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity, is not well constrained. Electrical experiments were conducted at 10 GPa and up to 1850 K on high‐purity powder mixtures in the Fe‐S‐O(±Mg, ±Si) systems using the multianvil apparatus and the four‐electrode technique. The sample compositions contained 5 wt. % S, up to 3 wt. % O, up to 2 wt. % Mg, and up to 1 wt. % Si. We observe that above the eutectic temperature, electrical resistivity is significantly sensitive to the nature and amount of light elements. For each composition, thermal conductivity‐temperature equations were estimated using the experimental electrical results and a modified Wiedemann‐Franz law. These equations were implemented in a thermochemical core cooling model to study the evolution of the dynamo. Modeling results suggest that bulk chemistry significantly affects the entropy available to power dynamo action during core cooling. In the case of Mars, the presence of oxygen would delay the dynamo cessation by up to 1 Gyr compared to an O‐free, Fe‐S core. Models with 3 wt% O can be reconciled with the inferred cessation time of the Martian dynamo if the core‐mantle boundary heat flow falls from >2 TW to ~0.1 TW in the first 0.5 Gyr following core formation.
A meta‐analysis of primary productivity and rain use efficiency in terrestrial grassland ecosystems

A comprehensive understanding of annual net primary productivity (ANPP) and rain‐use efficiency (RUE) along precipitation gradients is critial for grassland conservation under climate change. However, how ANPP and RUE respond to changes in precipitation at different spatial and temporal scales remains uncertain. The aim of this research was to clarify these things. Using data from 21 field experiments, with an average sampling period of 14.3 years in 32 sites, 18 of which are in China, we evaluated the relationship of mean annual precipitation (MAP) with ANPP and RUE across spatial and temporal scales in grassland ecosystems. Our study showed different degrees of sensitivity of ANPP and RUE to changing precipitation spatially and temporally. First, analysis supports the well‐known positive linear relationship between ANPP and MAP. Second, we found that ANPP increases with increasing precipitation regardless of the actual precipitation amount of the study sites, whereas ANPP increased 0.2 g m−2 more than it declined per 1 mm change in precipitation. Third, RUE increased with increasing MAP across sites, whereas RUE generally decreased with annual precipitation within most sites. Finally, the temporal variation in RUE within sites is lower than the overall spatial pattern of variation across sites. The lack of consistency in ANPP and RUE among years and across sites in response to interannual variation in precipitation indicates the complexity of ecological indicators characterizing precipitation changes. These findings highlight the prevalence of site‐specific variation in precipitation‐ANPP relationships.