Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
D The Surprising Foil to Online Education : Why Students

Purpose of the Study. Digital resources are an integral part of online education. Although advocates of digitized information believe that millennial students will embrace the paperless classroom, this is not proving to be the case. This research addresses gaps in our understanding of student resistance to giving up paper-based learning resources by examining attributes of the paper textbook that are perceived as necessary for knowledge transfer and that are not present in digital information modalities.
coastal Douglas-fir

Tree improvement programs have generally relied on testing families in open light environments. With increased interest in multiaged silvicultural systems, some people have questioned whether families selected in the open are appropriate for planting in the shade. We grew Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) families from two climatically distinct seed sources for 2 years under four levels of shade. The response to shade differed for several traits between the two populations and among families within populations. The magnitude of variation associated with the interaction, however, was small compared with the overall effects of genetic selection or of shade. Families selected based on performance in an open light environment resulted in nearly the same response to selection when grown under shade as families selected based on performance in the shade. We conclude that seedlings from families selected in an open light environment are appropriate for use in the low-light environments of alternative silvicultural systems and that use of such genetically selected stock may compensate for the less favorable growing conditions. Genetic selection may contribute importantly to meeting multiple objectives, including the production of significant amounts of wood as well as the efficient and timely creation of large stand structures needed for other forest values. Resume : Dans les programmes d'amelioration genetique, on a l'habitude de tester les descendances en milieu ouvert. En raison de l'interet grandissant porte aux strategies d'amenagement inequienne, certains remettent en question le fait de planter en milieu ombrage des descendances selectionnees en milieu ouvert. Les auteurs ont mis en croissance pendant 2 ans et selon quatre regimes de lumiere des descendances de Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco
Chapter 2 Dairy Products

Approaches for studying microorganisms in food have undoubtedly changed. Advances in molecular biology have provided more information on food-associated bacteria, and have also provided the scientific community with sound, reliable and effective methods for detection, identification and typing of microorganisms from food. The main interest of dairy microbiologists is to study the diversity and dynamics of microorganisms in dairy productions and, possibly, to correlate the occurrence of certain microbial species and strains with desired flavor and sensorial traits of the products. Various molecular methods can be used depending on the level of information required by research. Microbiologists can be interested in identification, detection or typing of bacteria from a certain environment. Identification and detection can benefit from the availability of both culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques, whereas typing is an analysis performed on isolates and is, thus, strictly related to culture-dependent methods. The aim of this chapter is to describe how dairy microbiologists have made use of such advanced techniques to provide new insights in the study of the microbial ecology associated to dairy fermentation. 1 Diversity and Microbiological Aspects of Dairy Products 1.
Rapid close surrounding evaluation for autonomous commercial vehicles

A framework has been developed for local, relative navigation of an autonomous commercial vehicle in confined areas. This enables a vehicle to navigate based only on its immediate surroundings, with the vehicle as the reference. The framework uses a simulator, to simulate the environment of a mine, and a vehicle model. The latter is equipped with 2D LIDAR sensors which allow it to interpret its close surroundings. Based on this information, a navigation algorithm is selected which performs the path planning and moves the vehicle. Four such algorithms have been developed in order to handle two distinct scenarios: navigation in a corridor and navigation at an intersection. The algorithms have been evaluated for safety and accuracy and perform consistently well. The overall root mean square deviation from a reference path is less than 25% of a chosen collision threshold. Throughout the evaluation, a safe distance from all the walls was maintained. In addition, the path generation algorithms were highly efficient with an average execution time of under 2 milliseconds. This work opens up the possibilities for algorithms which can handle additional navigation scenarios and can learn and adapt to its environment.
On Absolute Auctions and Secret Reserve Prices

From a theory viewpoint, the use of auctions with zero public reserve prices, also called absolute auctions, or of auctions with secret reserve prices, is somewhat puzzling despite being common. By allowing that buyers differ in their processing of past data regarding how the participation rate varies with the auction format and how reserve prices are distributed when secret, we show in a competitive environment that these auction formats may endogenously emerge. We also analyze how buyers with various sophistications and sellers with various costs sort into the different formats, thereby offering a range of testable predictions. Alternative approaches are reviewed.
What (others think) your favorite color tells about your personality: An interpersonal circumplex analysis

So far, psychological research has found little evidence for a relationship between personality and color preference. In folk psychology, however, it is a widely held belief that a person's color preferences may give insights into his or her personality as, for example, is demonstrated by the popularity of the famous-infamous Luscher Test. Using Wiggins's interpersonal circumplex as a nomological net (Gurtman, 1992; Wiggins & Broughton, 1991), two studies are presented investigating assumptions about interpersonal characteristics that people make when given information about a person's favorite color.
More detailed analysis of mammalian spermatozoa for plasma membrane destabilization using FlUOResCeNT aNalysIs OF TRaNsgeNIC aND NON-TRaNsgeNIC RabbIT speRmaTOzOa

The aim of our study was to compare viability of sperm cells from transgenic (mWAP-hFVIII gene) or non-transgenic (normal) rabbit males using fluorescent analyses (SYBR-14/PI and annexin V/DAPI tests). These results were estimated in relation to conceptional rates of females following insemination with respective sperm samples. In both, transgenic and non-transgenic groups, the highest proportion of annexin V positivity was recorded in head-tail joint (84.66 vs. 68.84%) of spermatozoa. The percentage of the sperm stained with SYBR-14/PI or with annexin V/DAPI was correlated with liveborn rate in transgenic (R2=0.6118 and R2=0.2187, resp.) or non-transgenic (R2=0.671 and R2=0.3579, resp.) rabbits. These data indicate that the viability of rabbit transgenic and non-transgenic spermatozoa could be reliably quantified using viability (SYBR-14/PI) and apoptosis (annexin V/DAPI) tests.
Implementing strategies to overcome social-ecological traps: the role of community brokers and institutional bricolage in a locally managed marine area

We examine collaborative arrangements for resource management between communities and external agencies, with a particular interest in how community-based interventions are integrated into local contexts. This timely inquiry comes in a period when participatory resource management approaches are increasingly being applied to overcome the perpetual cycles of poverty in which poor resource-dependent people find themselves, i.e., social-ecological traps. Much of the literature on social-ecological traps has focused on identifying conditions, factors, and responses that are important in, for example, alleviating systemic poverty or developing sustainable resource management systems. However, insufficient focus has been placed on understanding the practical processes by which strategies are implemented, and how these can reflexively affect the system itself. Drawing from a case study of a locally managed marine area in Indonesia, we examine the interactions between a nongovernment organization and a target community during the implementation of a fisheries management plan. Applying insights from rural development studies, we show how external interventions, designed to pull people out of social-ecological traps, are operationalized into forms that make them locally familiar and appropriate through actions of community brokers and processes of “institutional bricolage. ” We argue that as a consequence of implementing processes, such interventions should be expected to diverge from their initial science-based justification.
Dissolved organic carbon fractions formed during composting of municipal solid waste : Properties and significance

The properties and transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted (10 L water/kg compost) from municipal solid waste (MSW) compost at five stages (days 47, 77, 105, 126, and 187) of composting were investigated. The DOM was fractionated into hydrophobic or hydrophilic neutrals, acids, and bases. The unfractionated DOM, the hydrophobic acids and neutrals (HoA and HoN, respectively), and the hydrophilic neutrals (HiN) fractions were studied using solid-state 13 C-NMR, FTIR, and DRIFT spectroscopy. The HoA fraction was found to be the dominant (percentage of total DOM) hydrophobic fraction, exhibiting a moderate increase during composting. The HoN fraction increased sharply from less than 1 to 18% of the total DOM during 187 days of composting, while the hydrophobic bases (HoB) exhibited the opposite trend. The HiN represented the major fraction of the hydrophiles up to 120 days of composting, decreasing thereafter by 38 %. The relative concentration of the hydrophilic acids and bases (HiA and HiB, respectively) exhibited no consistent trend during composting. DRIFT spectra of the unfractionated DOM taken from the composting MSW revealed a decreasing level of polysaccharide structures with time. The 13 C-NMR and FTIR spectra of the HoA fraction exhibited a polyphenol-humic structure, whereas the HoN spectra exhibited strong aliphatic features. The spectra of the HiN fraction confirmed its polysaccharide nature. During the final stage of composting, the DOM concentration was steady, while a relative decrease of HiN concomitant with an increase of HoA and HoN fractions was observed. These indicate that the DOM contained a low concentration of biodegradable organic matter and a higher content of macromolecules related to humic substances. The biological significance and heavy metal binding of these fractions are being studied based on earlier observations showing enhanced plant growth in the presence of DOM extracted from mature as opposed to immature compost.
Improving growth and yield of cowpea by foliar application of chitosan under water stress

Water stress impaired cowpea plant growth and decreased ion percentage and chlorophyll and carbohydrate concentration in the shoot as well as yield and its quality. Foliar-applied chitosan, in particular 250 mg/l, increased plant growth, yield and its quality as well as physiological constituents in plant shoot under stressed or nonstressed conditions as compared to untreated plants. Anatomically, water stress decreased thickness of leaf blade at midrib region, thickness of mesophyll tissue, thickness of midrib vascular bundle. Treatment with chitosan, in particular, 250 mg/l and their interactions with stress conditions increased all the above mentioned parameters in either non-stressed or stressed plants. It is suggested that the severity of cowpea plants damaged from water stress was reduced by 250 mg/l chitosan application. Keywords: water stress, chitosan, cowpea, anatomy, growth, yield.
Enrichment of the Gamma Oryzanol Level from Rice Bran by Addition of Inorganic Salts on Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3- Methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM] PF6) Extraction

Objective: Rice bran oil has many helath benefit. The biologically active compounds of rice bran oil are fatty acids, squalene, tocopherols, phytosterols, tocotrienols, oryzanol, and polyphenols. Gamma oryzanol is a combination of at least 10 components of ferulic acid esters and alcohols triterpene. Gamma oryzanol has pharmacological activity includes cardiovascular disease, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiulcerogenic, neuroprotective and action immunomodulator. Ionic liquids are an environmentally friendly solvent used in the extraction and separation of bioactive compounds from plants. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of inorganic salts addition on ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6 in increasing levels of gamma oryzanol from rice bran. Method: In the experiments, IL [Bmim]PF6 - MAE method was used to separated gamma oryzanol compound, and then was partitioned with hexane after the addition of inorganic salts: KH2PO4, NaCl, NaNO3 and Na2CO3, respectively. Gamma oryzanol content was determined by HPLC analysis. A mixture of mobile phase (methanol:acetonitrile:isopropan ol (5:4:1) and isocratic conditions at a wavelength of 327 nm. The flow rate is set at 1 ml / min.Results: The highest levels of γ-oryzanol was produced from the addition in KH2PO4 + : [Bmim] PF6 by 0.26 ± 0.001 mg/g. The mechanism of salting-out effect of the compound due to the interaction of different types of interactions between solutes (ions of inorganic salts and ionic liquid) and solvent. Conclusion: The addition of inorganic salt increased the gamma oryzanol level. The addition of KH2PO4 on IL-MAE gave the highest level of gamma oryzanol. Key words: [BMIM]PF6, ionic liquid, γ-oryzanol, IL-MAE, inorganic salts.
A XSS Attack Detection Method based on Skip List

In recent years, the destruction of cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks is gradually increasing, but the existing XSS defense methods have some problems, such as, complex disposition, low performance, high non-response rates or high rate of false positives. Therefore, it is imminent to establish an efficient XSS defense mechanism. This paper presents a cross-site scripting attacking detection method, which is based on improved algorithm skip list. It can fulfill the rapid detection of cross-site scripting attacks by using some steps, for example, creating a skip list signature, detecting suspicious strings, marking attack vectors and so on. Experiment shows that compared with the traditional defense method of XSS attack, the new defense method can reduce the false alarm rate of detection, and improve the time performance effectively.
Effects of surface roughness on gratings

The correlation length for sidewall roughness in planar waveguides is comparable to the period of Bragg gratings written in such structures and thus might influence the performance and the spectral properties of such gratings. Using a coupled-mode formalism, we calculate the effect of roughness or inhomogeneity for an arbitrary grating and present specific results for uniform and phase-shifted gratings. The broad spectral characteristics of most gratings are insensitive to roughness. However, narrow spectral features (such as transmission resonances) that rely on interference effects are affected by the presence of roughness.
Strong field quantum control by selective population of dressed states

We study the dynamics of potassium atoms in intense laser fields using femtosecond phase-locked pulse pairs in order to extract physical mechanisms of strong field quantum control. The structure of the Autler–Townes (AT) doublet in the photoelectron spectra is measured to analyse transient processes. The analysis shows that the physical mechanism is based on the selective population of dressed states (SPODS). Experimental results of closed loop optimization of SPODS are presented in addition. Applications to decoherence measurements with implications for quantum information are also proposed.
A combined experimental and theoretical study of the structural , electronic and vibrational properties of bulk and few-layer Td-WTe 2

Metal phosphorous trichalcogenide is an important group of layered two-dimensional (2D)materials with potentially diverse applications in low-dimensionalmagnetic and spintronic devices.Hereinwe present a comprehensive investigation on the lattice dynamics and spin–phonon interactions of mechanically exfoliated atomically thin 2Dmagneticmaterial—iron phosphorus trisulfide (FePS3) by Raman spectroscopy andfirst principle calculations. Layer-number and temperature dependent Raman spectroscopy suggests amagnetic persistence in FePS3 even down tomonolayer regime through the spin–phonon coupling, while theNéel temperature decreases from117 K in bulk to 104 K inmonolayer sample. Our studies advocate the intriguingmagnetic properties in 2D crystals and suggest that FePS3 is a promising candidatematerial for futuremagnetic applications.
Observations on the Characteristics of the Exchange Flow in the Daranelles Strait 061153 N 73-9441-025

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Supplier evaluation and selection through DEA-AHP-GRA integrated approach- A case study

Article history: Received December 2, 2016 Received in revised format December 10, 2016 Accepted April 1 2017 Available online April 2 2017 Supplier evaluation and selection play a vital role in establishing an effective supply chain for any firm. The supplier evaluation not only enables the firm to know the performance of suppliers, but also gives an indication of the ability of the firm itself to gain competitive advantage. The appropriate evaluation is the basis for the subsequent selection of the best supplier. This paper presents a hybrid methodology using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) to evaluate suppliers and to identify the best supplier for a firm. In this work, super efficiency and cross efficiency methods of DEA are employed to determine the efficiencies and the performance scores of the suppliers respectively. On the basis of super efficiency and cross efficiency scores, the list of efficient suppliers with high performance is identified and GRA methodology is adopted to identify the best supplier. A case study is presented to demonstrate the proposed hybrid methodology. Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 7 © 201
Validation of Cavitation Simulations in Submerged Nozzles

Recent experimental and numerical studies of nozzle cavitation have revealed that dissolved non-condensable gases can play a substantial role in determining both the degree of cavitation and the morphology of the vapor field. These phenomena are currently not well understood, and are challenging to simulate. A wide variety of physical submodels are used to model cavitation, yet the influence of non-condensable gases on the accuracy of these models has not yet been investigated, owing to the lack of available experimental data. To address this problem, new x-ray fluorescence measurements were performed at the 7-BM beamline of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory. The fluorescence measurement was able to separate the contribution of dissolved gas and cavitation on the total line of sight void fraction. We consider the simplified case of a submerged cavitating nozzle with a sharp inlet and fixed diameter of 500 micron. Cavitation of a gasoline fuel surrogate was simulated with a compressible homogeneous relaxation model (HRM). Two implementations are considered, using Large Eddy Simulation to model turbulence in three-dimensional geometries. A range of conditions are considered, covering both incipient and strongly cavitating conditions, with and without dissolved gas in the fuel. A quantitative comparison between the simulations and line-of-sight x-ray measurements is made by projecting the volume fractions of cavitation vapor and non-condensable gas onto a plane. For the first time, both the concentration of dissolved gas in the fuel and the void fraction due to cavitation can be simultaneously validated. * corresponding author: dduke@anl.gov
The Discovery of Natural Miscanthus Accessions Related to Miscanthus × giganteus Using Chloroplast DNA

It is essential to enlarge the pool of varieties of the biomass crop Miscanthus to support the increase in its cultivation area, and several natural species from eastern or southeastern Asia could be of interest. Our main study objectives were: (i) to investigate the frequency spectrum of the haplotypes of natural Chinese accessions and their geographic distribution in China, and (ii) to identify the Chinese chloroplast genomes related to the maternal genomes of cultivated European varieties. We studied 21 clones cultivated in Europe and 44 wild Chinese accessions from 10 Chinese provinces covering four species of Miscanthus: M. sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. , M. sinensis Andersson, M. floridulus (Labill.) Warb. ex K. Schum. & Lauterb. , and M. x giganteus J.M. Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize. We used chloroplast DNA from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) due to its taxonomic relationship with Miscanthus and designed primers using the large single-copy region of the chloroplast genome. The polymorphisms belonged to noncoding and coding regions and were substitutions that corresponded to single nucleotide polymorphisms. Haplotypes were then determined, enabling the investigation of the haplotype frequency spectrum and the geographic distribution of the accessions in China. Furthermore, the maternal genome of M. ' giganteus appears related to some Chinese M. sacchariflorus clones. The corresponding geographic native area of these wild clones could be of interest to enlarge the genetic variability for the breeding of new interspecific hybrids.