Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping invasive strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum) in tropical forests of Mauritius with Sentinel-2 and machine learning

ABSTRACT Invasive flora alien species (IAS) pose a serious threat to biodiversity in tropical forests. This study evaluated different classification approaches for remote sensing of the target IAS, strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum), using open-access satellite imagery to aid research and understanding of IAS impacts in tropical forests. This is likely the first study using freely available open-access imagery to map strawberry guava, and the first mapping of invasive species in Mauritius using remote sensing. Ground-based observations in Black River Gorges National Park (BRGNP), Mauritius, resulted in 4670 ‘ground truth’ samples across three land cover classes representing different levels of strawberry guava canopy cover; 70% of these ground truth data were used for training and model tuning, and 30% were held-out for testing. Classification was performed using Sentinel-2 MSI images and Google Earth Engine. Computation of Jeffries-Matusita distance supported the addition of Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix texture measures, and spectral indices (ARI1, and ReNDVI) for classification, since these features increased separability of strawberry guava cover classes substantially over using spectral bands alone. Higher than 80% overall and individual class accuracies were achieved with both Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification of strawberry guava in BRGNP. RF is recommended for similar future applications for its higher overall accuracy (97.60% ± .20% at 95% confidence), lower variation, and prediction of more homogenous class regions. This study found that strawberry guava canopy cover in BRGNP was highest in central regions and correlated to steeper slopes, with little overall change from 2016 to 2020.
Comparison of Grand Canonical and Conventional Molecular Dynamics Simulation Methods for Protein-Bound Water Networks

Water molecules play important roles in all biochemical processes. Therefore, it is of key importance to obtain information of the structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of water molecules around proteins. Numerous computational methods have been suggested with this aim. In this study, we compare the performance of conventional and grand-canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to sample the water structure, as well GCMC and grid-based inhomogeneous solvation theory (GIST) to describe the energetics of the water network. They are evaluated on two proteins: the buried ligand-binding site of a ferritin dimer and the solvent-exposed binding site of galectin-3. We show that GCMC/MD simulations significantly speed up the sampling and equilibration of water molecules in the buried binding site, thereby making the results more similar for simulations started from different states. Both GCMC/MD and conventional MD reproduce crystal-water molecules reasonably for the buried binding site. GIST analyses are normally based on restrained MD simulations. This improves the precision of the calculated energies, but the restraints also significantly affect both absolute and relative energies. Solvation free energies for individual water molecules calculated with and without restraints show a good correlation, but with large quantitative differences. Finally, we note that the solvation free energies calculated with GIST are ∼5 times larger than those estimated by GCMC owing to differences in the reference state.
Disaggregation of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Fibrils as a Potential Anti-Fibrillation Mechanism of Tetrapeptide TNGQ

Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) fibrillation has been commonly associated with the exacerbation of type 2 diabetes prognosis. Consequently, inhibition of IAPP fibrillation to minimize β-cell cytotoxicity is an important approach towards β-cell preservation and type 2 diabetes management. In this study, we identified three tetrapeptides, TNGQ, MANT, and YMSV, that inhibited IAPP fibrillation. Using thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and molecular docking, we evaluated the potential anti-fibrillation mechanism of the tetrapeptides. ThT fluorescence kinetics and microscopy as well as transmission electron microscopy showed that TNGQ was the most effective inhibitor based on the absence of normal IAPP fibrillar morphology. CD spectroscopy showed that TNGQ maintained the α-helical conformation of monomeric IAPP, while DLS confirmed the presence of varying fibrillation species. Molecular docking showed that TNGQ and MANT interact with monomeric IAPP mainly by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction, with TNGQ binding at IAPP surface compared to YMSV, which had the highest docking score, but interact mainly through hydrophobic interaction in IAPP core. The highly polar TNGQ was the most active and appeared to inhibit IAPP fibrillation by disaggregation of preformed IAPP fibrils. These findings indicate the potential of TNGQ in the development of peptide-based anti-fibrillation and antidiabetic nutraceuticals.
ANALYSIS FOR SIX-POLE OUTER ROTOR HYBRID MAGNETIC BEARING

In order to solve the nonlinear and coupling problems of three-pole hybrid magnetic bearing, a six-pole outer rotor hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) is proposed. Firstly, the structure and working principle of the six-pole outer rotor HMB are introduced. Secondly, the linearity and coupling characteristics curves between radial suspension force and control current are analyzed and verified by the finite element method. In comparison with the analysis results of the three-pole HMB, there is no electromagnetic coupling between radial two degrees of freedom of the six-pole outer rotor HMB, and the nonlinear problem of force-current characteristic is solved. Finally, an experimental platform is built. The research results show that the maximum bearing capacity of the six-pole outer rotor HMB is 32.3% higher than that of the three-pole HMB. The suspension force-current characteristic experiment shows that the suspension force-current properties of the six pole outer rotor hybrid magnetic bearing can be considered linear near the equilibrium position, and there is no magnetic coupling between two radial degrees of freedom of the six pole outer rotor HMB near the equilibrium position. Nomenclature HMB Hybrid magnetic bearing OSHMB Outer-rotor six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing THMB Three-pole hybrid magnetic bearing PM Permanent magnet DSP Digital signal processing A11, A12, A21, A22 Magnetic poles of A phase B11, B12, B21, B22 Magnetic poles of B phase C11, C12, C21, C22 Magnetic poles of C phase Fx The suspension force in the x direction Fy The suspension force in the y direction ix The control current in the x direction iy The control current in the y direction
Far-field subwavelength imaging by harnessing the single-mode resonance and sparsity

Although far-field superlenses and resonant metalenses provide a way to obtain the far-field subwavelength imaging through the resonant excitation of multiple surface wave modes, the high sensitivity of these resonant modes to the absorption loss hinders their practical applications. To break this limitation, only a single resonant mode which survives the absorption loss is chosen for imaging, where a reconstruction algorithm based on the sparsity is adopted to compensate for the reduction of the number of degrees of freedom. An experiment is carried out to verify a far-field subwavelength imaging of two home-made sources, and it is found that the two imaged sources can be well resolved by using multiple frequencies near the fifth resonant mode.
Effectiveness of Anti-Cluster of Differentiation 20 as a Disease-Modifying Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis Across Its Different Phenotypes at the University Hospital of Caen

Background Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, demyelinating disorder occurring primarily as two main forms of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) found predominantly in women, and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) occurring predominantly in men. In this retrospective single-center study, we aimed to explore the effects of anti-cluster of differentiation (CD)20 treatment for both relapsing-remitting and primary progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a population-based cohort treated at the university hospital. Methodology The diagnostic factors being assessed were forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), age at first relapse, whereas therapeutic factors were age at first disease-modifying therapy (DMT), age at starting anti-CD20, reason to switch to anti-CD20 and the duration of anti-CD20 treatment. Primary outcomes measured were number of relapses and progression in disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale, while secondary outcomes measures being assessed number of cerebral lesions on MRI and level of IgG at the beginning and end of the 12-month treatment. Results Treatment with anti-CD20 demonstrated a reduction in number of relapses 12 months after treatment, no change in the progression of disability in RRMS type, but an increase in PPMS type. No change was observed in cerebral MRI lesions at the end of treatment after 12 months. A statistically significant reduction in serum IgG value was observed after 12 months from the start of treatment, where only one out of 26 (3.8%) patients developed hypogammaglobulinemia with IgG less than 6 g/L but none developed hypogammaglobulinemia of less than 5 g/L. Conclusion Anti-CD20 antibodies as disease-modifying therapy can profoundly impact the course and progression of MS in both its forms if utilized at an earlier stage in patients and therefore greatly improve the quality of life in patients living with multiple sclerosis.
Validation of significant wave height from Jason-3 and Sentinel-3A/B and relation to tidal currents in coastal regions of the Korean Peninsula

ABSTRACT As climate change and oceanic warming have an increasing impact on coastal waves, accurate observation of satellite significant wave height (SWH) in coastal regions is becoming more important. In addition to the validation of satellite SWHs in the global ocean, the SWHs should also be validated in coastal regions for their diverse applications. In this study, the accuracy and error characteristics of altimeter SWH data, Jason-3 Geophysical Data Records Version D and Sentinel-3A/B Level-2 marine scientific products, were investigated using SWH measurements from 18 buoy stations in the coastal region of the Korean Peninsula from 2017 to 2019. Results showed that the Jason-3 and Sentinel-3A/B SWHs exhibited root mean square errors (RMSE) and bias errors of 0.59–1.60 m and 0.03–0.42 m, respectively. Cross-validation between Jason-3 and Sentinel-3A/B exhibited a consistency comparable to that of the global ocean. The spatial distribution of comparison between altimeter SWH and wave model data was similar to that obtained using altimeter SWH and in situ measurements. Validation of altimeter SWH from the buoy stations yielded the highest error in the southwestern coastal region of the Korean Peninsula, with high tidal currents in the Yellow Sea. The stronger the tidal current speed, the more amplified the satellite SWH errors. The SWH differences exhibited a high dependence on the tidal index, including the elements of tidal current speed, water depth, and tide height. A relationship was found between the tidal index and the altimeter SWH differences from the in situ measurements. Based on this relation, formulas were proposed to reduce satellite SWH errors due to tidal currents in the coastal regions of the Korean Peninsula. For the matchups with tidal index less than 2, RMSE and bias errors of each satellite sensor were improved by up to 14.25% (0.28 m) and 94.40% (0.84 m), respectively.
Supervisor support, career satisfaction, and career adaptability of healthcare sector employees

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating role of career adaptability (CA) in the relationship between supervisor support (SS) and career satisfaction (CS). Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 193 full-time employees working in private health-care institutions in Ankara, Turkey. The participants were asked to respond to a self-reported survey. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized relationships between the research variables. Findings The results indicated that SS has a significant and positive effect on CS. It further reveals that CA mediates the effect of SS on CS. Research limitations/implications As this study had a cross-sectional research design, causality could not be established between study variables. Practical implications CA ought to be considered by the managers and it ought to be advanced as it provides the employees fundamental instruments to deal with their career advancement efficiently. Originality/value The present study adds to the existing literature by providing additional evidence for the relationship among SS, CA and CS by examining a sample of health-care professionals.
The Impact of Dietary Berberine Supplementation during the Transition Period on Blood Parameters, Antioxidant Indicators and Fatty Acids Profile in Colostrum and Milk of Dairy Goats

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of berberine (BBR) supplementation on productivity, antioxidant markers, and the fatty acid (FA) profile in the colostrum and milk of goats. Twenty-four primiparous Saanen goats were supplemented with 0, 1, 2, and 4 g/d (per goat) of BBR in control (CON), BBR1, BBR2, and BBR4 groups (n = 6 per group), respectively, from 21 days before expected kidding to 21 days after parturition. Blood sampling was carried out at −21, −14, −7, 0, 7, 14, and 21 d relative to delivery. Colostrum was collected within the first and second milking (d 1 of lactation), and milk was harvested weekly after kidding. Both BBR2 and BBR4 increased dry matter intake (DMI) (p ≤ 0.05) and energy balance (EB) as well as colostrum and milk production. Both BBR2 and BBR4 decreased (p ≤ 0.05) plasma levels of cholesterol, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin, while elevating the plasma albumin and paraoxonase (p ≤ 0.05), which may indicate that BBR mitigates inflammation during the transition period. BBR reduced (p ≤ 0.05) malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased (p ≤ 0.05) total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in blood, colostrum, and milk. Concentrations of de novo fatty acid in colostrum and milk were increased (p ≤ 0.05) with both BBR2 and BBR4. Free fatty acid (FFA) concentration in colostrum and milk fat were lower (p ≤ 0.05) in BBR2 and BBR4 compared to CON. The concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in colostrum and milk fat increased (p ≤ 0.05) with BBR2 and BBR4, while unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) decreased (p ≤ 0.05) in milk. In summary, supplementation with at least 2 g/d BBR may enhance the EB and antioxidant status of dairy goats.
Single-Layer-Graphene-Coated and Gold-Film-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Prism Coupler Sensor for Immunoglobulin G Detection

A graphene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) prism coupler sensor is proposed for the rapid detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. The feasibility of the proposed sensor is demonstrated by measuring the IgG concentration in phantom mouse and human serum solutions over the range of 0–250 ng/mL. The results show that the circular dichroism and principal fast axis angle of linear birefringence increase in line with increases in IgG concentration over the considered range. Moreover, the proposed device has a resolution of 5–10 ng/mL and a response time of less than three minutes. In general, the sensor provides a promising approach for IgG detection and has significant potential for rapid infectious viral disease testing applications.
VNIR HYPERSPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF RAMGARH ASTROBLEME IN NORTHERN INDIA

Abstract. Hyperspectral remote sensing has immense potential to characterize any surface by utilizing the detailed spectral information obtained from hundreds of narrow and contiguous bands. This work utilizes the latest DESIS (DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer) hyperspectral data from the Ramgarh astrobleme (crater) in the state of Rajasthan, India to identify the surface geology and the changes that have undergone. Vertex Component analysis has been applied on DESIS data, and the output end members were compared with the reference spectra from the spectral library. However, due to the amount of vegetation in the study area, the Vegetation Response Removal (EVRR) thresholding model is proposed to remove the effect of vegetation. With the application of EVRR, the presence of quartz with impurities is noticed.
Molecular Profiling Reveals Characteristic and Decisive Signatures in Patients after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Suffering from Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Despite available diagnostic tests and recent advances, diagnosis of pulmonary invasive aspergillosis (IPA) remains challenging. We performed a longitudinal case-control pilot study to identify host-specific, novel, and immune-relevant molecular candidates indicating IPA in patients post allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Supported by differential gene expression analysis of six relevant in vitro studies, we conducted RNA sequencing of three alloSCT patients categorized as probable IPA cases and their matched controls without Aspergillus infection (66 samples in total). We additionally performed immunoassay analysis for all patient samples to gain a multi-omics perspective. Profiling analysis suggested LGALS2, MMP1, IL-8, and caspase-3 as potential host molecular candidates indicating IPA in investigated alloSCT patients. MMP1, IL-8, and caspase-3 were evaluated further in alloSCT patients for their potential to differentiate possible IPA cases and patients suffering from COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) and appropriate control patients. Possible IPA cases showed differences in IL-8 and caspase-3 serum levels compared with matched controls. Furthermore, we observed significant differences in IL-8 and caspase-3 levels among CAPA patients compared with control patients. With our conceptual work, we demonstrate the potential value of considering the human immune response during Aspergillus infection to identify immune-relevant molecular candidates indicating IPA in alloSCT patients. These human host candidates together with already established fungal biomarkers might improve the accuracy of IPA diagnostic tools.
Micro-Fluidic Design and Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of a Micro-Pump

Conceptual design of a reversible micro-pump system is demonstrated by numerical simulations. Unsteady, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a moving boundary system are solved by ΝεκΤαr, a spectral element (high-order) algorithm employing an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation on unstructured meshes. The performance of the micro-pump is evaluated as a function of the Reynolds number and the geometric parameters. The volumetric flowrate is shown to increase as a function of the Reynolds number. However, the efficiency of the micro-pump decreases with increased Reynolds number, due to the increased leakage effects.
Strength Test of the Integrated Mast under Ship Sway

According to mechanical principle,experiments were conducted on the integrated mast,which is enclosed,to research on its stress under ship sway by using an inverted model method.The experimental results correspond with the numerical calculation results well.This paper summarized the variation of the stress response of mast's structure with the period and amplitude of the ship sway by analyzing the measurement results in a large number of working conditions.The research aims to provide reliable reference data for the structure design of new-style mast,and to provide a new idea for the structure experiment of the ship mast.
Parametric Resonance in a Microelectromechanical Torsional Oscillator

In various MEMS devices, it has been observed that mechanical instabilities can occur with driving frequencies other than resonance[1]. One such device is the torsional scanning probe z-actuator with an integrated tip. Previously reported work identified five Matheiu instability frequencies, and an experimental map of the first two instability region[1]. In this paper, we extend that work to show the effects of damping on the instabilities. The motion of this system is described by Mathieu-type equations, which has been extensively studied theoretically, but damping of the system has prohibited most experiments from displaying the wide range of instabilities predicted by theory [2]. In our experiment, a laser vibrometer is mounted on an optical microscope to precisely measure device motion. We show that the boundary between stable and unstable solutions is extremely sharp. Behavior of the device near the instability boundaries can be applied to improvements filter technology and small force sensing.
Lactomega Softgels: For Overall Human Health Helps to Prevent Risk of Chronic Diseases

Fish oil is oil derived from the tissues of oily fish. Fish oils contain the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), precursors of certain eicosanoids that are known to [1]-[2] have health benefits. Fish do not actually produce omega-3 fatty acids, but instead accumulate them by consuming either microalgae or prey fish that have accumulated omega-3 fatty acids, together with a high quantity of antioxidants such as iodide and selenium, from microalgae, where these antioxidants are able to protect the fragile polyunsaturated lipids from peroxidation [3]-[5].
Robust Bayesian Detection and Tracking of Lane Boundary Markings for Autonomous Driving

Lane detection is a fundamental and challenging task in autonomous driving and must be performed safely and robustly to avoid catastrophic failures. Current methods do not perform effectively in the challenging scenarios arising from degraded or worn lane markings and preclude the broader deployment of autonomous driving technologies. Additionally, many methods lack provisions for safe failures, and will return false positive detections as the strongest lane marking candidate instead of declaring that no lane marking was found. This work proposes several changes to the current state of the art in robust lane detection and tracking and builds on existing methods using Dynamic Bayesian Networks with heuristic features. A new training approach is proposed for learning heuristic feature distributions from unlabelled data with greatly reduced sensitivity to initialization. The null hypothesis is then reformulated to provide a fail-safe so that in the absence of a successful detection, the lane detection system will be able to declare a detection failure instead of producing a high-risk false positive. The Bayesian Inference formulation used in the current state of the art is then generalized to support different lane marking configurations. Lastly, a stereo threshold filter is proposed as a method for reducing dangerous false positives caused by out-of-plane features. The proposed methods were tested against several datasets, including the new WAterloo Representative Roads (WARR) dataset, covering a 40 km route around the Waterloo region captured at 3 Hz. When tested against the KITTI dataset, the proposed stereo filter has a negative predictive value of over 95% and provides a dramatic reduction in dangerous false alarms. The proposed detection method is effective in scenarios that match the expected single-lane road model and fails safely in 84% of the scenarios that do not adhere to the expected model. Of the dangerous failures, approximately 90% were model failures and may be corrected through use of a different detector within the proposed generalized form that is more compatible with the failure scenario. Such a reduction in model failures could dramatically reduce the rate of potentially dangerous failures and represents a significant improvement on the state of the art.