Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two enhanced savings functions for the Clark-Wright algorithm

We address the Clark-Wright (CW) savings algorithm proposed for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). CVRP is a well-known NP-hard problem with many real-world applications. Thus, it has attracted a lot of attention in the litera-ture and numerous heuristics have been proposed in an effort to obtain good solu-tions fast. The CW savings algorithm is one such classical heuristic which is fre-quently used due to its speed and simplicity. In the literature, Gaskell (1967), Yellow (1970), and Paessens (1988) proposed modifications on the CW function by parameterizing it and adding new terms. In this study, we consider Paessens’ (1988) two-term savings algorithm and present two further enhancements. Unlike the previous ones, our first enhancement “pro-motes” or “penalizes” the savings value between two customers by considering the cosine value of the angle formed by the two rays originating from the depot and crossing two customers. The latter enhancement enforces the customers near the depot to be placed into routes first. To test the performance of the proposed func-tions, we conducted an extensive computational study on a large set of well-known instances from the literature. Our results show that the proposed approaches provide shorter distances in many instances and the average performance is better than that of Paessens.
Sizing of Energy Storage with Network Constraints Economic Dispatch of Fuel Cell Micro-Turbine and Renewable Energy Sources

Micro-Grid is the appropriate solution to various problems in the power system. Different types of energy sources, likewise Fuel cell (FC), Micro-Turbine (MT) and renewable energy sources can be integrated with micro-grids (MG). The battery energy storage has played a crucial role to support the power mismatch of on-grid or off-grid MG. Therefore the optimal size of battery energy storage along with the optimal cost-based calculation has become an essential part for the micro-grid operator. The piecewise linear cost method is used for the cost based analysis. The main contribution of this paper is: (i) the optimal size of battery energy storage has been determined with a Fuel cell (FC) and Micro-Turbine (MT) based distribution generation (DG). (ii) The impact of battery storage with DG and renewable energy sources (RES) has been considered. (iii) The total benefit and market benefit has been maximised. (iv) The unit-commitment cost of FC and MT with spinning reserve, piecewise linear cost function, ramp rate, minimum up and downtime constraints has been considered for the sizing of battery storage. (v) The network constrained has been found to obtain minimum daily energy loss for the optimal size of battery storage. (vi) The state of charge (SOC) of battery, the power output of DG’s and RES, power loss, battery cost per day, operating cost of generation, etc. have been determined. The optimal sizing of battery energy storage determination is helpful for the both Microgrid operators as well as designers. The IEEE-33 bus test system with ZIP load has been carried out for analysis and result validation. The general algebraic modeling system (GAMS) is used to solve the deterministic optimisation problem.
Modeling and development of fabrication method for embedding membrane based microvalve in bulk microfluidic device

approved: _____________________________________________________________________ Brian K. Paul PDMS membrane-based microvalves are becoming increasingly more important for the control of fluid flow within MECS applications such as microreactors used to synthesize nanoparticles and biological macromolecules. The motivation for pursuing PDMS membrane-based microvalves is for implementing a plug flow microreactor to simulate slug flow yielding a narrower residence time distribution (RTD). Barriers to the use of PDMS membrane-based microvalves within these types of MECS applications include the need to be scalable and compact, capable of operating at higher pressures in a variety of solvents. Most current bonding architectures for PDMS membrane-based microvalves are limited to one atmosphere. This research work describes the design, analysis, fabrication, and characterization of PDMS membrane-based microvalve architecture for implementation within MECS devices for nanoparticles synthesis applications. The new fabrication approach is to make reliable bonds capable of withstanding higher pressures. The approach developed in this thesis eliminates bonding constraints within current PDMS bonding architectures (e.g. bonding of dissimilar materials and stress distribution problems) through the use of sealing bosses and enables further
You are what you type

Being able to recognise a computer user by their typing rhythm is an eective way of protecting a computer from unauthorised use. Current techniques are accurate in restricted situations. In order to apply typist recognition to a wider range of scenarios, a dataset consisting of key press/ release data is required. With this data, it is possible to investigate methods of recognising a typist on a continuous basis. This paper discusses existing typist recognition techniques and the process of collecting a new dataset of typing data. Strategies to improve on the existing techniques using the new data are proposed. The work covered here was undertaken in the first 18 months of PhD research.
Printed Circuit Board Design Techniques for EMC Compliance: A Handbook for Designers

Preface. Acknowledgments. List of Figures. List of Tables. Introduction. Printed Circuit Board Basics. Bypassing and Decoupling. Clock Circuits, Trace Routing, and Terminations. Interconnects and I/O. Electrostatic Discharge Protection. Backplanes, Ribbon Cables, and Daughter Cards. Additional Design Techniques. Appendix A: Summary of Design Techniques. Appendix B: International EMC Requirements. Appendix C: The Decibel. Appendix D: Conversion Tables. Bibliography and References. Index. About the Author.
EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF INSPECTION AND MONITORING DATA FOR A BETTER MAINTENANCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE

In North America, Europe and Japan, people involved in structure management have developed extensive technical methods and tools to monitor the condition of the structure and establish the diagnosis. Each authority has been developing its own inspection maintenance procedures, taking into account their specificity, their different priorities, safety requirements, resources and range of competence. An inspection-based management software system has been developed to optimize this process and provide decision-makers with objective information on the condition of the infrastructure. The system is a comprehensive management system which integrates a database of structural defects, on-site computerized record, analysis, maintenance, diagnosis, repair and budgetary functionalities. This paper describes the basic functions and benefits of the system through a case study of a highway bridge in France. For the covering abstract see ITRD E122906.
Modeling and simulation of blood flow problems

Medicine is one of the branches of scientific research in which numerical simulation can give a great support. In particular, a well mature branch like computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can provide a substantial help for the understanding of several pathologies of the cardiovascular system. The local behavior of blood flow may affect substantially the on-rise of such pathologies: a remarkable instance is atherosclerosis, which is unfortunately largely widespread in Western Countries. An accurate fluid dynamics analysis can better enlight these mechanisms, and CFD becomes necessary since physical data from ``in vivo'' measures are troublesome to obtain. Moreover, allowing completely controlled simulations, CFD can eventually provide a useful paradigm for clinical practice, for instance suggesting optimal strategy for a surgeric operation. par However, the study of biological systems is a difficult task not only from the numerical viewpoint, but also in the modeling phase. Indeed, different systems interact each other at mechanical or biochemical level. Therefore, making a hierarchy of simplifications in the models considered is almost always mandatory. These notes illustrate some specific features of the blood flow problem, in the case of ``large'' vessels, where the atherosclerotic plaques are localized. In particular, the interaction between blood and compliant vessel walls is of upmost interest. The purpose is to review shortly the existing literature on the field (limitedly to the most genuine mathematical aspects) and mention a first contribution from our side to the modeling of blood-wall interaction and its numerical simulation.
Developing The Level Six Pisa Like Problems For Enrichment Programme In Secondary School

Based on the results of the Programme International for Student Assessment (PISA) indicates most of Indonesian students are only able to solve low-level mathematics problems. Indonesia is one of the countries that have the lowest score in the latest PISA test. The level six problems have the significant contributions to the students’ low score in PISA result. Indonesian ministry of education respond this problem by developing a new curriculum what so called curriculum of 2013 in order to ensure that every student acquires the intended knowledge to be able to compete at the international level. Therefore, in the teaching and learning process in the new curriculum the PISA like problems should be embedded in most of the problems that solved by the students. Thus, the researcher developed the level six PISA like problems via enrichment program. The enrichment program is considered to be useful to provide a better experience for the students in solving high level mathematical problems. The aims of this study are to develop a valid and practical the level six PISA like problems for enrichment program In order to reach these aims, the researcher proposes the following research question: how to design a valid and practical the level six PISA like problems for enrichment program for secondary school? This is a design research using the type of development study with formative evaluation. The subjects were seventh graders from SMPK Frater Xaverius 1 Palembang. From the analysis of the documentation it can be concluded that this research has resulted a product the level six PISA-like problems for enrichment programme which valid and practical.
Reduction of local scour around bridge piers: combined system of aerofoil and slot

Local scouring is one of the main causes of bridge damage or collapse in river crossings. Bridge failure can cause severe damage and can result in serious injury or death. Hence, study on the control of scouring at bridge piers plays an important role in bridge design. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a slotted aerofoil shaped pier in reducing local scour, as compared to a circular shaped and aerofoil shaped pier. The piers were tested under clear-water conditions for a uration of 3 hours and the resulting scour holes were scanned using a ScanStation 2. Further to this, velocity measurements were recorded at key points around the piers using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. The results showed that the slotted aerofoil shaped pier reduces local scour. The reduction of the scour hole volume was about 85% when compared to the circular pier. Measured velocities assisted in the understanding of the resultant scour holes for the three piers and showed that for the case of the slotted aerofoil pier, the wake vortex shedding had been significantly reduced, as had the intensity of the downflow and horseshoe vortex at the nose of the pier. These results showed that the combination of a slot and aerofoil shape may be a very effective countermeasure against local scouring at bridge piers
Research on High Performance Database Management Systems with Solid State Disks

報告番号: 甲27283 ; 学位授与年月日: 2011-03-24 ; 学位の種別: 課程博士 ; 学位の種類: 博士(情報理工学) ; 学位記番号: 博情第321号 ; 研究科・専攻: 情報理工学系研究科電子情報学専攻
The Department of Defense: Reducing Its Reliance on Fossil-Based Aviation Fuel Issues for Congress

Abstract : As the largest single consumer of fuel in the United States, the Department of Defense (DOD) has the potential to make important contributions to the national effort to reduce the use of and reliance on fossil fuel. Aviation fuel makes up the largest portion of fossil fuel consumed by DOD and therefore represents the area of greatest potential energy savings. This report examines DOD's use of aviation fuel and possibilities to reduce that use by examining related issues and presenting options Congress may choose to consider. DOD has publicly expressed its intention to devote resources to this issue; Air Force leadership has stated a goal of using domestically produced synthetic fuel for half of its domestic aviation fuel by 2016. At the present time, however, DOD does not seem to have a comprehensive long-term energy strategy or centralized leadership focused on energy issues for the department. This may affect the department s ability to achieve its long-term energy goals. This report will not be updated.
Multiple Perspectives on Networks: Conceptual Development, Application and Integration in an Entrepreneurial Context

Purpose – The purpose is to compare the structure and interaction of networks across phases of firm growth among different types of entrepreneurs (novice, serial and portfolio entrepreneurs). Design/methodology/approach – The study captures details of interaction as well as overall changes in network structure. This is done by a research design combining the strengths of qualitative and quantitative methods in a mixed method approach. Findings – The results, based on six case studies, show that network interaction varies more according to the type of entrepreneur than do the structural patterns. The results indicate that network development is more impacted by the development phases of the firm than by type of entrepreneur. Originality/value – This study combines and compares three different types of entrepreneurs and their networks. It also includes both network interaction and structure in a mixed-method analysis. Classification: Research paper
Creating a global network of shared service centres for accounting

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the practice of IT‐enabled management control change, in particular how IT‐driven change is made possible from a practical perspective in a global context. It does so by investigating the redesign of the telecommunications company Ericsson's global finance and accounting function from an independent structure of numerous national chief financial officer units into one interdependent global network of shared service centres.Design/methodology/approach – Ericsson's transformation was followed by drawing mainly on interviews and documents. The data were analysed using narrative and temporal bracketing strategies for theorising from process data.Findings – The paper illustrates how IT‐enabled management control change unfolds as a continuous interaction between a dynamic organisational structure (social dimension) and a less, but still, dynamic IT (material dimension) across time. The study also highlights how such a process is metap.
Multibounce light transport analysis using ultrafast imaging for material acquisition

This thesis introduces a novel framework for analysis of multibounce light transport using time-of-flight imaging for the applications of ultrafast reflectance acquisition and imaging through scattering media. Using ultrafast imaging and ultrafast illumination, we analyze light indirectly scattered off materials to provide new insights into the important problem of material acquisition. We use an elegant matrix based representation of light transport, which enables scene reconstruction using standard optimization techniques. We demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our methods using various simulations as well as an experimental setup. In particular, we develop the concept of 'in the wild' reflectance estimation using ultrafast imaging. We demonstrate a new technique that allows a camera to rapidly acquire reflectance properties of objects from a single viewpoint, over relatively long distances and without encircling equipment. We measure material properties by indirectly illuminating an object by a laser source, and observing its reflected light indirectly using a time-of-fight camera. As compared to lengthy or highly calibrated reflectance acquisition techniques, we demonstrate a device that can rapidly and simultaneously capture meaningful reflectance information of multiple materials. Furthermore, we use this framework to develop a method for imaging through scattering media using ultrafast imaging. We capture the diffuse scattering in the scene with a time-of- flight camera and analyze the multibounce light transport to recover albedo and depth information of planar objects hidden behind a diffuser. The methods developed in this thesis using ultrafast imaging can spur research with novel real-time applications in computer graphics, medical imaging and industrial photography.
Industrial experiences with Misuse Cases

The misuse case methodology is an approach for eliciting security requirements in software development projects. Misuse cases are an extension of the well-known use case methodology, and use the same basic types of diagrams and documentation forms. This thesis presents a study of the introduction and application of the misuse case methodology in a development team in the computer software industry. A qualitative research approach, with workshops and interviews has been applied to determine the usability and effectiveness of misuse cases. In addition, the practioners' perception of the method has been investigated, as this is believed to be an important factor for the adoption of the method in the team's engineering process. The results show that the method was easy to learn, easy to use and gave a good result compared to the time and resources used.
How Have Deployments During the War on Terrorism Affected Reenlistment

Abstract : The military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have required the largest and longest use of U.S. military forces since the Vietnam conflict. The buildup of forces for these operations began in 2002, and, by 2007, more than 1.5 million service members had been deployed. Army deployments have been about 12? 15 months in length, Marine Corps deployments about seven months, Navy deployments (typically on board ship) about six months, and Air Force deployments three months or longer. Deployments are generally periods of high stress, when daily activities vary from humdrum routine to fast-paced action and traumatizing events, especially for ground forces. Stress is also high among support units at home, as both deployed and nondeployed service members in support activities often work long hours. To varying degrees, deployed service members have been able to stay in contact with family via phone calls and the Internet. In addition, close friendships can develop between ? battle buddies? who rely on each other during missions and for social and psychological support. Departure for deployment means separation from friends and family, and the return from deployment results in an effort to reestablish those relationships. Married service members face the challenge of reintegrating with their families after the spouse has been responsible for running the household, and the children may be anxious and unsure of how to relate to their returning parent.
Application of non-stationary gas dynamic functions for mathematical modeling of gas dynamic processes

At numerical calculations of non stationary flow in extended channels with use of basic provisions of disintegration of discontinuities method noticeable acceleration of calculations gives application of specially developed non-stationary gas dynamic functions from Mach number. At the same time the greatest advantages of these functions’ application is shown during recording of boundary conditions. Here they are applied in a combination with the known functions of a steady flow as at disintegration of discontinuities, the idea of quasi-steady flow between the waves which passed and reflected from a boundary condition is used. By means of the program complex developed on the basis of non-stationary and stationary functions a number of practical tasks, in particular, of the organization of dynamic pressurization of the piston engine was solved.
Review of the Monitoring Programme: Baseline Measurement and Analysis of UK Ozone and UV

The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and the Devolved Administrations (DA) continue to fund a long-running programme Baseline Measurement and Analysis of UK Ozone and UV to monitor column (effectively stratospheric) ozone and surface UV. The main driver for the monitoring programme is the 1985 Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer. The Convention obliges parties (including the UK) to undertake inter alia monitoring, data dissemination and information exchange activities. The current monitoring programme comprises: • measurements of column ozone at two sites in the UK (Lerwick and Reading) • spectrally-resolved UV measurements at one site (Reading) The ozone element of the monitoring programme was reviewed in 2002. Defra has commissioned this review of the programme to ensure that it continues to meet current and future policy and scientific requirements as well as international obligations. The Review The review was structured in terms of 7 questions, which addressed a range of strategic, technical and organisational aspects of the monitoring programme. 1. How does the monitoring programme help to meet the UK obligations under the Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer? 2. Are the data currently collected in the monitoring programme fit for purpose? If not, what measures could be employed to make the data fit for purpose? Are there any activities in the current monitoring programme which are no longer needed? 3. Are the current measurement techniques viable into the future (over a 5-20 year timescale), and what other techniques/instruments are available? 4. Are current methodologies for disseminating information sufficient? If other techniques/instruments are preferable, how (or indeed could) they be introduced whilst maintaining the continuity of the results? 5. Is the current monitoring programme cost effective? 6. Is the current monitoring programme structured for optimum delivery? 7. Should all or part of the programme be competitively tendered, or indeed should it be competitively tendered at all? Summary of Findings The key findings were 1. The current monitoring programme is working well but it has a low profile and impact 2. There are options to evolve the programme but these require further, more detailed evaluation.