Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Disturbance Reduces Plant Species Diversity and Stability of Phyllostachys pubescens Forests

Article history Received: 6 September 2019 Accepted: 26 September 2019 Published Online: 30 November 2019 Plant species diversity is an important index reflecting the functional complexity and stability of ecosystems. Human activity can completely alter plant species diversity and cause serious degradation of ecosystems but its impact on bamboo forest still lacks of systematic evaluation. In this study, we performed a field investigation to reveal the influences of human disturbances on the plant diversity and stability of Moso bamboo forests at Southern China. The selected bamboo fields contained different intensities of human activities that could be classified as slight, moderate and severe disturbance level. Species richness index S, Shannon-Wienner index H, Simpson index D, Pielou index Jsw, community similarity index IS and community stability index were employed to quantitatively evaluate the plant species diversity and stability. The survey revealed that there were 203 species belonging to 83 families and 108 genera in Moso bamboo forests. The number of plant species in the Moso bamboo forests decreased with the increasing of disturbance intensity. The species diversity indexes generally followed the order of slight > moderate > severe disturbance, as well as the richness index S, Shannon-Wienner index H and Pielou index Jsw. The similarity and species stability of the bamboo forest communities also decreased with the increase of the disturbance intensity. Under the severe disturbance, plant species replacement occurred strongly. The obtained results provide some a guideline for the sustainable management of bamboo forest.
Circuit-Level Implementation of Quantum-Dot VCSEL Including Thermal Effects

In this paper, for the first time, we present a circuit model of quantum dot InAs-GaAs VCSEL based on the standard rate equations which includes thermal effects. The model is able to predict static and dynamic behaviours such as LI curves for a range of ambient temperatures and transient response . Modulation response for different threshold current are also investigated. The simulation results reveal a good agreement with experimental data reported in literatures. The model is compatible with circuit analysis programs. Keywordscircuit model, quantum dot (QD), vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), thermal effect.
Isolation of 12 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite markers of the leaf beetle Ophraella communa, a promising Ambrosia biocontrol agent also in Europe

ABSTRACT Following its first record in Europe in 2013, the North American ragweed leaf beetle Ophraella communa, used already as a most successful biocontrol agent against common ragweed in China, is spreading rapidly, asking for a detailed analysis of the potential benefit and risk of this introduction for Europe. Here, we report twelve specific and polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite markers, which can be used for redrawing its global invasion history and spread across native and introduced ranges. The high level of polymorphism (i.e. from 4 to 18 alleles per locus) and the genetic variation detected within and between one native and two introduced populations provide adequate statistical power for elucidating the beetle’s invasion process.
Evaluating Word Similarity Measure of Embeddings Through Binary Classification

Article history Received: 29 September 2019 Accepted: 24 October 2019 Published Online: 20 November 2019 We consider the following problem: given neural language models (embeddings) each of which is trained on an unknown data set, how can we determine which model would provide a better result when used for feature representation in a downstream task such as text classification or entity recognition? In this paper, we assess the word similarity measure through analyzing its impact on word embeddings learned from various datasets and how they perform in a simple classification task. Word representations were learned and assessed under the same conditions. For training word vectors, we used the implementation of Continuous Bag of Words described in . To assess the quality of the vectors, we applied the analogy questions test for word similarity described in the same paper. Further, to measure the retrieval rate of an embedding model, we introduced a new metric (Average Retrieval Error) which measures the percentage of missing words in the model. We observe that scoring a high accuracy of syntactic and semantic similarities between word pairs is not an indicator of better classification results. This observation can be justified by the fact that a domain-specific corpus contributes to the performance better than a general-purpose corpus. For reproducibility, we release our experiments scripts and results.
Determining Rational Planning Target Volume Margins for Intracranial Stereotactic Radiotherapy

Radiation treatment techniques, such as those used in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), have been shown to improve treatment outcomes and quality of life for metastatic brain cancer patients. Intracranial SRS relies on highly accurate positioning and invasive immobilization to deliver ablative doses of radiation to the target. Relocatable immobilization allows fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) delivery increasing treatment options for patients with multiple brain metastases. To ensure adequate target coverage in SRT, a planning target volume (PTV) margin is added to the target volume to account for interand intra-fraction uncertainties over treatment. The methods used in applying margins in SRT are associated with various assumptions, and do not necessarily have widespread applicability. This thesis aims to develop a PTV margin calculator for intracranial SRT as a method to manage geometric uncertainties, potentially improving local control by ensuring a higher degree of treatment accuracy.
Etiological study on the bacterial meningitis in children under 5 years of age in Nanning City, Guangxi.

Objective To characterize etiological agents causing childhood bacterial meningitis and to describe patterns of antibiotic susceptibility among isolates form patients with meningitis. Methods A prospective,population-based surveillance for bacterial meningitis was conducted among childrem 5 years of age living in Nanning,Wuming and Yongning counties,from November 2000 through December 2002.Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood specimens were obtained for bacterial culture from patients with suspected meningitis.Antibiotic susceptibility was tested for isolates by Kirby-Bauer method. Results A total of 63 isolates were identified including 23 from 1 212 CSF specimens and 40 from 1 193 blood cultures obtained from 1 272 cases.During the surveillance years,staphylococus species accounted for the largest proportion of meningitis (39.1%),follwed by pneumococcus (13.0%) and H.influenzae(13.0%). More than 80% of staphylococcal isolates were sensitive to vancomycin,gentamycin and ciprofloxacin,but highly resistant to penicillin and erythromycin.Sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and first-,second-,and third-cephalosporins was common among enterobacteriaceae family. Conclusion There results suggest the bacterial infection present and important cause of children morbidity in Guangxi.Antimicrobial regimen should be based on drug susceptibility results.
On the complexity of bounded-variable queries (extended abstract)

It is known that the expression complexity and combined complexity of query evaluation in relational databases are in general exponentially higher than the data complexity of query evaluation. This gap in complexity is caused by the fact that evaluating a relational query may involve intermediate results that are exponentially larger than the input. In this paper we study the complexity of query evaluation with intermediate results of polynomial size. This bound is accomplished by restricting the queries to have a bounded number of individual variables. We show that, for bounded-variable queries, the gap between their expression and combined complexities, one one hand, and their data complexity, on the other hand, narrows and in some cases disappears. These results con rm the practice of trying to minimize the size of intermediate relations in database query evaluation, and suggest variable minimization as a query optimization methodology.
Effect of Weight Training on Aging Rats' Sarcopenia

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of the resistance training on aging rats' sarcopenia.Method:The 8 SD rats of 4 months age were control group,and 32 SD rats of 17 months age were divided randomly into 4 groups,one group was rest control group,the other 3 groups were trained separately by 30%,60% maximum resistence training and none weight load training.After six weeks training,the histological characters of each group were contrasted.Result:it is showed that 30% maximum resistance training was effective intensity for restraining sarcopenia,and the anti-oxidation level of muscle was improved under this load level.Conclusion:reasonable load resistance training can reverse the degeneration of aging muscle type differentiation,and the sarcopenia can be restrained effectively.
Impaired Function of Macrophage Fcγ Receptors in End-Stage Renal Disease

Infection is a frequent complication in patients undergoing hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease and is the primary cause of mortality among such patients. Macrophages are important in host defense against infection largely because their Fc gamma receptors recognize antibody-coated bacteria. We therefore studied macrophage Fc gamma-receptor function in vivo and in vitro in 56 patients with end-stage renal disease who were on hemodialysis and in 20 healthy volunteers. The clearance of IgG-coated (sensitized) autologous red cells was decreased in 53 patients. The inhibition of clearance in the 56 patients was 52 +/- 3 percent at 1 hour, 41 +/- 5 percent at 1 1/2 hours, and 29 +/- 5 percent at 2 hours (P less than 0.001). The clearance of unsensitized erythrocytes and heat-altered autologous erythrocytes was normal. The impairment of clearance was not correlated with age, sex, nutritional status, HLA haplotype, or the presence of circulating immune complexes. The recognition of these IgG-sensitized red cells in vitro by Fc gamma RI (an Fc gamma-receptor protein that binds monomeric IgG) on blood monocytes from the patients was also significantly decreased (P less than 0.001) but was partially improved by hemodialysis. Nine patients had severe infections during a two-year follow-up period. The clearance of IgG-coated cells in these patients (half-time, 12.9 +/- 1.7 hours) was significantly impaired, as compared with that in the 47 patients without severe infections (half-time, 4.4 +/- 1.8 hours; P less than 0.001). We conclude that macrophage Fc gamma-receptor function is impaired in patients with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing hemodialysis, and that this impairment probably contributes to the observed immunodepression and high prevalence of infection among such patients.
Designing hypermedia applications

We describe a step-by-step methodology for the design and construction of hypermedia applications and illustrate our approach using a small application. The Relationship Management Design (RMD) methodology begins with a data model of the application domain and proceeds through the design of the hypertext network, user interface and run-time dynamics finally concluding with the construction and testing of the target hypermedia system. Our ultimate objective is to use the RMD approach as the basis for the construction of computerized tools to support the design and development of hypermedia applications.
Clinical treatment of Parkinson syndrome with ZhenChanShucapsule

Objective Work over the effect of zhenchanshu capsule on controlling clinic symptoms of Parkinson syndrome and level of improvement as well as the interrelation.Method Treating 30 cases of Parkinson syndrome with selfcreated chinese patient medicine,zhenchanshu capsule,meanwhile in contrast with domamine the curative effect was analyzed abiding improved webster functional assess criterion.Result The aparent effectual rate was 50% and the total effective rate was 86.6%,its effect resembling domamine(P 0.05). Moreover,zhenchanshu capsule might improve the effeciency of medopa,and lower its side effect.Conclusion It shows that zhenchanshu capsule have a preferable effect on Parkinson syndrome,especially on light and intermediate level of cases.It might release the degree of tremor remarkably with a superior effect than domamine(P 0.01). The cause is supposedlydue to the function of the integration of domamine system.
The ownership of small domestic kitchen appliances and the effect of their usage on the nutrient intake of adult females in England and Cyprus

The nutritional habits of consumers have become a cause for concern with an increasing incidence in diseases related to nutrition. The way in which food is prepared may contribute to the nutritional content of the diet. Traditional methods of cooking are influenced by kitchen domestic appliances. This study aimed to determine the ownership of small domestic kitchen appliances and their influence on macronutrient intake in England (E) and Cyprus (CY). In each country two groups of females, aged 25-60y (E=261, CY=300) and over 60y (E=36, CY=32), completed a questionnaire concerning their ownership and use of kitchen domestic appliances. A sub-sample (25-60y: E=42, CY=32; over 60y: E=25, CY=25) completed a three-day dietary diary. A small number of focus groups provided further details on ownership and use. The Cypriots aged 25-60y and both groups of British adults owned a large number of appliances. The elderly British and younger Cypriots were more likely than the younger British to own appliances, such as food mixers, that would compliment their cooking skills. The elderly Cypriots owned few appliances and used them infrequently, health concerns and assistance with traditional meal preparation influenced this groups use of appliances. The Cypriots considered their appliances important to them and used them more frequently than the British. The usage of any domestic appliance was found to have little effect on macronutrient intake. A significantly higher carbohydrate intake was found in both the younger groups who frequently used a sandwich maker. Frequent use of a blender by the younger British and of a toaster by the younger Cypriots resulted in a higher saturated fat intake. Lower total intakes of total fat and monounsaturated fat were found for the elderly British subjects who used their microwave frequently. No significant differences were detected in the group of Cypriot elderly with the use of any appliance. It is suggested that ownership of these appliances is likely to reflect status, established preferences or curiosity. It is unlikely that use of kitchen appliances is a lontributing factor to changes in nutrient intake.
An AI investigation of citation's cognitive role.

This paper describes how we used an AI model for retrieving ethics cases to investigate empirically the cognitive contributions of a decision-makers' citing cases and code provisions in justifying decisions. In practical ethics, like law, it is impossible to define abstract principles intensionally so that they may be applied deductively. After investigating hundreds of professional ethics case opinions, we hypothesized that the decision-makers’ explanations extensionally defined principles over time, in effect, operationalizing them. We constructed SIROCCO, a system for retrieving principles and past ethics cases. We used this computational model to conduct an ablation experiment concerning a core set of operationalization techniques. This paper presents empirical evidence that the operationalization information supports predictions of the relevant principles and past cases more accurately than competing approaches that do not use such information.
Realistic Compilation by Program Transformation.

Using concepts from denotational semantics, we have produced a very simple compiler that can be used to compile standard programming languages and produces object code as efficient as that of production compilers. The compiler is based entirely on source-to-source transformations performed on programs that have been translated into an intermediate language resembling the lambda calculus. The output of the compiler, while still in the intermediate language, can be trivially translated into machine code for the target machine. The compilation by transformation strategy is simple: the goal is to remove any dependencies on the intermediate language semantics that the target machine cannot implement directly. Front-ends have been written for Pascal, BASIC, and Scheme and the compiler produces code for the MC68020 microprocessor.
Distributed Simulation and the Time Wrap Operating System.

This paper describes the Time Warp Operating System, under development for three years at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the Caltech Mark III Hypercube multiprocessor. Its primary goal is concurrent execution of large, irregular discrete event simulations at maximum speed. It also supports any other distributed applications that are synchronized by virtual time. In this paper, the authors review the mechanics of Time Warp, describe the TWOS operating system, show how to construct simulations in object-oriented form to run under TWOS, and offer a qualitative comparison of Time Warp to the Chandy-Misra method of distributed simulation. They also include details of two benchmark simulations and preliminary measurements of time-to-completion, speedup, rollback rate, and antimessage rate, all as functions of the number of processors used.
Maintenance of cube automatic summary tables

Materialized views (or Automatic Summary Tables—ASTs) are commonly used to improve the performance of aggregation queries by orders of magnitude. In contrast to regular tables, ASTs are synchronized by the database system. In this paper, we present techniques for maintaining cube ASTs. Our implementation is based on IBM DB2 UDB.
An efficient context-free parsing algorithm

A parsing algorithm which seems to be the most efficient general context-free algorithm known is described. It is similar to both Knuth's LR(<italic>k</italic>) algorithm and the familiar top-down algorithm. It has a time bound proportional to <italic>n</italic><supscrpt>3</supscrpt> (where <italic>n</italic> is the length of the string being parsed) in general; it has an <italic>n</italic><supscrpt>2</supscrpt> bound for unambiguous grammars; and it runs in linear time on a large class of grammars, which seems to include most practical context-free programming language grammars. In an empirical comparison it appears to be superior to the top-down and bottom-up algorithms studied by Griffiths and Petrick.
Enterprise resource planning: ERP adoption by European midsize companies

JE A N -F R A N C O IS P O D EV IN U ntil recently, the major ERP vendors (SAP, Oracle, Peoplesoft, JD Edwards, and Baan) were mainly targeting the high end of the market (companies with more than 1,000 employees), but this market comes close to saturation. Many large companies have already adopted ERP systems and are planning the next step of how to use the installed ERP infrastructures as foundations for e-business [1, 2]. Most of the smalland medium-sized companies still have to make the decision to deploy ERP. The midsize market is an interesting market, for example, the number of midsize companies (50–1,000 employees) in Europe is estimated to exceed 100,000. Data from our research shows that with average annual IT budgets of more than $500,000, the total European midsize market for IT products and services surpasses a staggering $50 billion per year. This market as a whole is very attractive for the major ERP vendors. However, since the wave of adoption by midsize companies is in its early stages, little is known about developments and drivers that form the basis of ERP adoption decisions. The purpose of this article is to understand developments in ERP adoption within the European mid-market. Our empirical information is based on a large-scale European multicountry/multi-industry survey conducted in mid-1998. Based on the survey data, we will address various issues, such as: How did ERP penetration in the mid-market develop until 1998 Yvonne van Everdingen, Jos van Hillegersberg, and Eric Waarts
The Round Complexity of Secure Protocols (Extended Abstract)

An apparatus and process for the production of polysaccharide (cellulose) fibers for use in paper manufacturing. The fibers are produced by the harvesting of the liberated products of continuous micro-organism cultivation. In the preferred embodiment a suitable micro-organism such as Sphaerotilus natans is grown on a pitted metallic plate supplied with a flowing nutrient substrate. With abundant pellicle growth the nutrient flow is halted temporarily while a blade passes over the plate harvesting the pellicle growth and depositing the harvest products onto a sluice conveyor. Conventional paper stock washers inundate the blade and wash the products onto the sluice conveyor. The blade is retracted and the nutrient flow restored until the pellicle growth again becomes abundant. The harvest products are then further processed to remove undesirable non-cellulosic materials depending upon the particular micro-organisms used.
Streaming in a connected world: querying and tracking distributed data streams

Introduction and Motivation Today, a majority of data is fundamentally distributed in nature. Data for almost any task is collected over a broad area, and streams in at a much greater rate than ever before. In particular, advances in sensor technology and miniaturization have led to the concept of the sensor network: a (typically wireless) collection of sensing devices collecting detailed data about their surroundings. A fundamental question arises: how to query and monitor this rich new source of data? Similar scenarios emerge within the context of monitoring more traditional, wired networks, and in other emerging models such as P2P networks and grid-based computing. The prevailing paradigm in database systems has been understanding management of centralized data: how to organize, index, access, and query data that is held centrally on a single machine or a small number of closely linked machines. In these distributed scenarios, the axiom is overturned: now, data typically streams into remote sites at high rates. Here, it is not feasible to collect the data in one place: the volume of data collection is too high, and the capacity for data communication relatively low. For example, in battery-powered wireless sensor networks, the main drain on battery life is communication, which is orders of magnitude more expensive than computation or sensing. This establishes a fundamental concept for distributed stream monitoring: if we can perform more computational work within the network to reduce the communication needed, then we can significantly improve the value of our network, by increasing its useful life and extending the range of computation possible over the network. We consider two broad classes of approaches to such in-network query processing, by analogy to query types in traditional DBMSs. In the one shot model, a query is issued by a user at some site, and must be answered based on the current state of data in the network. We identify several possible approaches to this problem. For simple queries, partial computation of the result over a tree can reduce the data transferred significantly. For “holistic” queries, such as medians, count distinct and so on, clever composable summaries give a compact way to accurately approximate query answers. Lastly, careful modeling of correlations between measurements and other trends in the data can further reduce the number of sensors probed. In the continuous model, a query is placed by a user which re-