Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic control of ribosome biogenesis homeostasis

La traduction est une activite cellulaire essentielle, realisee par les ribosomes. Ces particules sont synthetisees dans le nucleole, ce qui necessite l'expression coordonnee de 4 ARN ribosomaux, 80 proteines ribosomales, et plus de 200 facteurs d'assemblage. Leur biogenese est complexe et sollicite plus de la moitie de l'energie des cellules en proliferation. La quantite de ribosomes varie selon les conditions environnementales et metaboliques et de ce fait, leur synthese est modulee en reponse a de nombreux stimuli. Plusieurs mecanismes coordonnent la biogenese des ribosomes avec l'homeostasie cellulaire. L'un d'eux est la capacite des proteines ribosomiques a reguler l'expression des genes a plusieurs niveaux. Ces fonctions effectuees hors du ribosome sont dites extraribosomales. Notre equipe a mis en evidence l'une de ces fonctions de la proteine ribosomale uL11 chez la Drosophile. Quand sa lysine 3 est trimethylee (uL11K3me3), elle interagit avec Corto, un facteur de transcription de la famille des Enhancers de Trithorax et Polycomb. L'etude de leur fixation a la chromatine montre que ces proteines se repartissent differemment a l'echelle du genome, et que uL11K3me3 est presente au niveau de genes actifs enrichis en composants du ribosome. Nous avons genere les premiers alleles genetiques du gene uL11 chez la Drosophile, et decrivons la strategie de crible moleculaire employee pour leur isolation. Finalement, nous avons etudie les alleles de uL11 dont la lysine 3 est mutee. Leurs phenotypes ressemblent a ceux des mutants Minute, suggerant que le domaine N-terminal de uL11 possede une fonction essentielle, mais peut-etre independante d'une interaction avec Corto.
An Estimation for Total Digestible Nutrients in Fresh Herbage from a Perennial Ryegrass – White Clover Mixed Pasture

The appropriate nutritional management of grazing dairy cows requires an accurate estimation of the content of total digestible nutrients (TDN) in fresh herbage from grazing pastures. The present study aimed to confirm the accuracy of existing estimations of TDN developed for fresh meadow fescue for perennial ryegrass (PR) – white clover mixed herbage, and to develop a new TDN estimation for PR – WC mixed herbage. The herbage was harvested from a PR – WC mixed pasture from April through October. A total of 16 Suffolk wethers were used for this study to evaluate the digestibility of the herbage. The TDN content of the herbage ranged from 68.9% to 77.7% dry matter (DM). The TDN estimated using the existing lignin-based model were similar to the actual TDN, whereas the existing organic b fraction (Ob)-based models underestimated the actual TDN. This may have been caused by high Ob digestibility due to high Ob content and the same level of lignin content in the herbage, as compared with those of meadow fescue. There were significant negative correlations between TDN content and acid detergent fiber (P < 0.01), lignin (P < 0.001), and Ob (P < 0.001) contents. These results demonstrated that the TDN content of PR – WC mixed herbage could be estimated accurately using the following estimations: TDN (% DM) = –4.33 lignin – 0.39 cellulose + 94.64 (R = 0.83, P < 0.001) or TDN (% DM) = –0.57 Ob + 93.39 (R = 0.87, P < 0.001). Discipline: Animal industry, Grassland Additional key words: intensive grazing, nutrient characteristics
Using Long-Range Wireless Sensor Network to Track the Illegal Cutting Log

Nowadays, the need for wireless sensing applications is increasing. Along with the increased illegal cutting of logs in the forest, however, it requires the integration application to tackle the illegal logging and forest preservation. The wireless sensor network is a suitable network architecture for remotely monitoring or tracking applications in the environment. This paper proposed an integrated system that can identify and track the position of a moving cutting log. An Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi 3 B+, sound sensor, accelerometer sensor, LoRa GPS HAT Shield, and Outdoor LoRa Gateway OLG01 performed the hardware monitoring and tracking of the proposed system. The network of STAR topology configuration between master and slaves is represented by the LoRa Network embedded with the sensors, as an architecture of the wireless sensor network. The system was examined the performance of the network and the tracking process. The result determined that the LoRa can detect and identify the occurrence of the illegal cutting of logs in real-time. Meanwhile, in terms of the tracking performance, a duration of 5–46 s was required to track the new position of the moving cutting log.
Mutations Associated with Rifampicin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Moroccan Patients: Systematic Review

Background In recent years, the treatment of tuberculosis has been threatened by the increasing number of patients with drug resistance, especially rifampicin resistance, which is the most effective first-line antibiotic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods We performed a systematic review of the literature by searching the PubMed database for studies of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates from Moroccan patients, published between 2010 and 2020. The aim of this review was to quantify the frequency of the most common mutations associated with rifampicin resistance, to describe the frequency at which these mutations co-occur. Identified studies were critically appraised according to the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. Results 6 studies met our inclusion criteria. Results show that 99.36% of MTB isolates had a single-point mutation, and the most commonly mutated codon of rpoB gene is 531 with 70.33% of phenotypically resistant strains. However, 10.38% of MTB strains phenotypically resistant to RIF did not exhibit any mutation in the rpoB gene. Conclusion Identification of a resistance-associated mutation to rifampicin can be a good marker of drug-resistant TB, but lack of a mutation in the target sequence must be interpreted with caution.
Finite Difference Method for the Hull–White Partial Differential Equations

This paper reviews the finite difference method (FDM) for pricing interest rate derivatives (IRDs) under the Hull–White Extended Vasicek model (HW model) and provides the MATLAB codes for it. Among the financial derivatives on various underlying assets, IRDs have the largest trading volume and the HW model is widely used for pricing them. We introduce general backgrounds of the HW model, its associated partial differential equations (PDEs), and FDM formulation for one- and two-asset problems. The two-asset problem is solved by the basic operator splitting method. For numerical tests, one- and two-asset bond options are considered. The computational results show close values to analytic solutions. We conclude with a brief comment on the research topics for the PDE approach to IRD pricing.
Quantitative detection of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence in tissues

In situ quantification of photosensitizer is critical in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodiagnosis (PD). Fluorescence detection is a feasible approach for the quantification of fluorescent photosensitizer. However, due to the interference of tissue absorption and scattering on the fluorescence spectrum of photosensitizer, it is still challenging to perform in situ fluorescence quantification. In this preliminary study, a Monte Carlo (MC)-based method was used to simulate the fluorescence spectrum and diffuse reflection spectrum of different biological tissues. A calibration algorithm was developed for the correction of the influence of tissue absorption and scattering on protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence. Under the excitation of blue light of 405 nm the dispersion coefficient of the original PpIX fluorescence spectrum of the soft tissue phantoms was 28%, which was reduced to 3% after the correction using the calibration algorithm. Under the excitation of red light of 635 nm, the dispersion coefficient of the original PpIX fluorescence spectrum of the soft tissue phantoms was 25%, which was reduced to 1.5% after the correction using the calibration algorithm. The results show that the MC-based method can effectively improve the accuracy of PpIX fluorescence measurement.
Investigation of damage to thick composite laminates under low-velocity impact and frequency-sweep vibration loading conditions

A detailed investigation of damage and failure mechanisms of composite laminates under low-velocity impact (LVI) by experimental tests and numerical modeling is presented. Five impact energy levels were investigated on composite laminates by drop-weight tests. Permanent indentations were measured, and delamination areas of each interface induced by each LVI event were captured using an ultrasonic C-scan. The 3D volume elements with a user-defined, material-based finite element model (FEM) has been applied to predict the LVI event considering damage modes, including intra-ply damage and inter-ply damage. The results of the FEM were found to agree well with experimental observations. Internal damage of the laminate during the impact process was analyzed. For thick laminates, the initiation of damage is observed at the first layer, and then spreads from the impact surface to the back, leading to a pine-type damage pattern as the thickness increases. Frequency-sweep vibration tests of composite laminates subjected to LVI events were studied under a “fixed ends” boundary condition. Our results show that it is reasonable to use frequency-sweep vibration experiments to evaluate the damage of laminates subjected to LVI events.
On the land mammals of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, by John Henry Keen, with a catalogue of specimens

From 1890 to 1899, the Reverend John Henry Keen collected plants and animals in the vicinity of the Anglican mission at Massett, on the north-central coast of the Queen Charlotte Islands (Haida Gwaii), British Columbia, Canada. Keen's prodigious collecting efforts resulted in the first detailed information on the natural history of that region, particularly of the beetle fauna. Keen also observed and collected mammals, depositing specimens in museums in Canada, England and the United States, for which a catalogue is given. Several mammal specimens provided the basis for new distributional records and nine new taxa, two of which were named for Keen. In 1897, Keen prepared an annotated list of ten taxa of land mammals of the Queen Charlotte Islands, including the first observations of natural history for some of the species. Particularly important were the insightful questions Keen raised about the evolution of mammals isolated on the Islands, especially why certain species, abundant on the mainland, were a.
India’s patenting record since TRIPS compliance of her patent regime

ABSTRACT India’s patent regime underwent a major change in 2005 when its various provisions were brought into conformity with the TRIPS Agreement. The expectation was that the patent regime was made stronger from the point of protection of intellectual property leading to an incentivisation of innovation, leading to more production of patents in important technologies and especially by domestic enterprises. The paper undertakes a detailed survey of India’s patenting record to check if domestic enterprises and institutions have been very active in creating this important knowledge asset. Ownership of this intangible asset has become very important as the country is now once again moving to a new policy regime of enhanced technological self-reliance.
Electromechanical coupling dynamic modeling and analysis of vertical electrodynamic shaker considering low frequency lateral vibration

For the problem of relatively severe lateral vibration found in the vertical electrodynamic shaker experiment, an electromechanical coupling dynamic model of the electrodynamic shaker considering low-frequency lateral vibration is proposed. The reason and mechanism of the lateral vibration is explained and analyzed through this model. To establish this model, an electromagnetic force model of overall conditions is firstly built by fitting force samples with neural network method. The force samples are obtained by orthogonal test of finite element simulation, in which five factors of the moving coil including current, vertical position, flipping eccentricity angle, radial translational eccentric direction and distance are considered. Secondly, a 7-dof dynamic model of the electrodynamic shaker is developed with the consideration of the lateral vibration of the moving system. To obtain the transfer function accurately, the stiffness and damping parameters are identified. Finally, an electromechanical dynamic model is established by coupling the force model and the 7-dof dynamic model, and it is verified by experiments. The coupling model proposed can be further used for the control and optimization of the electrodynamic shaker.
The Influence of Age and Maturation on Trajectories of Stretch-Shortening Cycle Capability in Male Youth Team Sports.

PURPOSE To examine the influence of growth and maturation in the trajectory of stretch-shortening cycle capability. METHOD Using a mixed-longitudinal design, absolute and relative leg stiffness and reactive strength index (RSI) were measured 3 times over a 3-year period in 44 youth team-sport players. Maturation was determined as maturity offset and included within the Bayesian inference analysis as a covariate alongside chronological age. RESULTS Irrespective of age and maturation, there was no change in absolute leg stiffness, however relative leg stiffness decreased over time. Maturation and age reduced this decline, but the decline remained significant (Bayesian factor [10] = 5097, model averaged R2 = .61). The RSI increased over time and more so in older more mature youth players (Bayesian factor [10] = 9.29e8, model averaged R2 = .657). CONCLUSION In youth players who are at/post peak height velocity, relative leg stiffness appears to decline, which could have an impact on both performance and injury risk. However, RSI increases during this period, and these data reinforce that leg stiffness and RSI reflect different components of stretch-shortening cycle capability. Practitioners should consider these differences when planning training to maximize stretch-shortening cycle capability during growth and maturation in athletes on the developmental performance pathway.
Machine learning applications for spectral analysis of human exhaled breath for early diagnosis of diseases

In this work, the possibility of using machine learning in the spectral analysis of exhaled breath for early diagnosis of diseases is considered. Experimental setup consists of a quantum cascade laser with a tuning range of 5.4–12.8 μm and Herriot astigmatic gas cell. A shallow convolutional neutral network and principal component analysis is used to identify biomarkers and its mixtures. A minimum detectable concentration for acetone and ethanol at sub-ppm level is obtained for optical path length up to 6 m and signal-to-noise less than 3. It is shown that neural networks in comparison with statistical methods give a lower detection limits for the same signal-to-noise ratio in the measured spectrum.
Integrating TRI And UTAUT In E-Wallet Adoption: A Validity And Reliability Study

Fintech innovations such as electronic wallet (e-wallet) is reshaping the payment landscape. However, in actual fact, e-wallet has yet to reach high-scale adoption in Malaysia inspite of its large potential. At the moment, little is known about the setback. This present study intends to examine the possibility of integrating Technology Readiness Index (TRI) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) in explaining e-wallet adoption. We validate the model that may help to explain the e-wallet adoption behaviour, the representativeness of items to a construct domain, and the overall instrument in order to evaluate the actual study result. The indicators including outer loading and Cronbach’s Alpha for indicator reliability; Composite Reliability (CR) for internal consistency reliability; and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) for convergent validity were tested and verified in this present study. The instruments shall be beneficial to those who hold a particular interest in e-wallet adoption studies
Is shrub-encroached grassland a stable state in the semi-arid steppe region?

Understanding community restoration state and the corresponding assembly mechanism is helpful to assess the restoration measures and predict community dynamics. We collected plots by shrub cover (low, medium and high) in three Caragana mircophylla shrub-encroached grasslands which were fenced since 1979, 1983, and 2003 (fencing duration) in the northern China, to explore the effect of fencing duration and shrub cover on the community restoration by vegetation investigation and phylogenetic approach. There were significant differences in community composition among different fencing duration or shrub cover treatments. Species richness in the site of fencing since 1979 or in the plots of high shrub cover was relatively higher than that in any other sites or plots. By phylogenetic analysis, functional traits were phylogenetically convergent. Based on the standardized effect sizes of mean pairwise distance (SESMPD) ranged from -1.96 to 1.96 in six out of nine plots, which suggested that stochastic processes dominated community assembly. SESMPD were lower than -1.96 in the rest three plots which indicated that competitive exclusion drove community assembly. These results indicated that the increase of fencing duration or shrub cover could enhance competitive exclusion. The present findings highlighted the importance of shrub in influencing the community composition and community assembly, supporting that shrub-encroached grassland is another stable state in the semi-arid northern China. Therefore, it is essential to distinct shrub-encroached grassland from degraded grasslands when formulating relevant conservation and management measures in the semi-arid regions.
Microfracture development and chemical damage analysis of limestone based on fractal theory

To explore the influence of microfracture development caused by chemical dissolution on the mechanical properties of limestone, this paper presents a new numerical simulation and quantitative analysis method. First, the dissolution rate was determined by the theory of chemical kinetics, and a differential equation that can be solved for results of the fracture evolution process by COMSOL Multiphysics was established to describe the microfracture's expansion. The fractal dimensions of the microfractures were found to have a linear relationship with the damage variables at different time periods through analysis of the simulation results with the fractal geometry method using fracture width as the index, which proves that the evolution of damage has a fractal nature. After that, a damage evolution equation was fitted to predict the deterioration in rock mechanical properties under hydrochemical actions and the predictive uniaxial compressive strength of limestone is seen to be in agreement with experimental test results. The application of the fractal geometry method has important engineering significance as it relates the development of microscopic fractures to changes in the macroscopic mechanical properties and predicts the mechanical properties of the rock under chemical damage.
INCREASED CARBON LOSS VIA ROOT RESPIRATION AND IMPAIRED ROOT MORPHOLOGY UNDER FREE-AIR OZONE ENRICHMENT ADVERSELY AFFECT RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) PRODUCTION

SUMMARY The increasing tropospheric ozone concentration [O3] strongly affects plant growth. However, the response of belowground processes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) systems to higher O3 is not well understood. The grain production, belowground biomass partitioning, root morphology and activity of rice (cv. Shanyou 63) were investigated in a free-air O3 enrichment platform at four key growth stages. Elevated O3 (EO3, 50% above the ambient O3) significantly decreased the grain yield and total biomass at the grain milky mature stage, root biomass at the tillering stage and root to shoot ratios (RRS) at the flowering and grain filling stages. The effects of EO3 on root morphology and activity varied among rice growth stage. EO3 significantly decreased root length, density, area, diameter and volume at the flowering stage, but EO3 significantly decreased various root morphological indices at the tillering, grain filling and milky mature stages. EO3 significantly increased the specific root respiration rate (root activity) and root respiration rate (autotrophic respiration) at grain filling and milky mature stages. Higher root autotrophic respiration and lower RRS in response to EO3 would reduce allocation of assimilated carbon to root growth, adversely affecting rice productivity. Our findings are critical for understanding the O3-induced impairment of belowground processes and carbon cycling in rice cropping systems and breeding of O3-tolerant cultivars under higher [O3] scenarios.
Two new species of Spencermartinsia (Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeriales) from China

Spencermartinsia is a genus in Botryosphaeriaceae characterized by brown, 1-septate ascospores with an apiculus at either end, and usually found on woody hosts. Conidia are twocelled and become brown and 1-septate prior to dehiscence from conidiogenous cells. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogeny of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and part of the translation elongation factor 1–α (tef1-α) gene, two new species, namely Spencermartinsia alpina and S. yunnana are described from Yunnan province in China.
New genes and pathways implicated in Rett syndrome: considerations and future applications

Purpose: Autism spectrum disorders are associated with defects in social response and communication that often occur in the context of intellectual disability. Rett syndrome is one example in which epilepsy, motor impairment, and motor disturbance may co-occur. Mutations in histone demethylases are known to occur in several of these syndromes. Herein, we aimed to identify whether mutations in the candidate histone demethylase JMJD1C (jumonji domain containing 1C) are implicated in these disorders. Methods: We performed the mutational and functional analysis of JMJD1C in 215 cases of autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disability, and Rett syndrome without a known genetic defect. Results: We found seven JMJD1C variants that were not present in any control sample (~ 6,000) and caused an amino acid change involving a different functional group. From these, two de novo JMJD1C germline mutations were identified in a case of Rett syndrome and in a patient with intellectual disability. The functional study of the JMJD1C mutant Rett syndrome patient demonstrated that the altered protein had abnormal subcellular localization, diminished activity to demethylate the DNA damageresponse protein MDC1, and reduced binding to MECP2. We confirmed that JMJD1C protein is widely expressed in brain regions and that its depletion compromises dendritic activity. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mutations in JMJD1C contribute to the development of Rett syndrome and intellectual disability. Genet Med advance online publication 16 July 2015