Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive analytics in quality assurance for assembly processes: lessons learned from a case study at an industry 4.0 demonstration cell

Quality assurance (QA) is an important task in manufacturing to assess whether products meet their specifications. However, QA might be expensive, time-consuming, or incomplete. This paper presents a solution for predictive analytics in QA based on machine sensor values during production while employing specialized machine-learning models for classification in a controlled environment. Furthermore, we present lessons learned while implementing this model, which helps to reduce complexity in further industrial applications. The paper’s outcome proves that the developed model was able to predict product quality, as well as to identify the correlation between machine-status and faulty product occurrence.
The effect of humic acid on the stability and aggregation kinetics of WO3 nanoparticles

ABSTRACT The physicochemical properties including size, hydrodynamic diameter, agglomeration rate, surface area, crystal structure, and surface charge were determined for WO3 using x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), UV-Vis spectrometer (DRS), and Zetasizer Nano ZS. The stability and aggregation behavior of WO3 were investigated using dynamic light scattering (DLS) to monitor the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential. The effect of ionic strength was further studied using NaCl, MgCl2. and CaCl2 electrolytes at pH 5 as well as the effect of humic acid. WO3 nanoparticles behaved similarly in deionized water suspensions and in the presence of NaCl electrolytes. The stability of nanoparticles was notable at low concentration (1 ppm) of humic acid particularly with NaCl electrolytes. Divalent cations enhanced agglomeration of nanoparticles even at the highest concentration of humic acid due to the formation of cation-humic acid bridges. The Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory was used to investigate the interaction energies, and it was found that van der Waals attraction forces are dominant in the presence of divalent cations.
Experimental and quantum chemical calculations on corrosion inhibition of mild steel by two furan derivatives

Two furan derivatives namely 5-methylfurfurylamine (MFA) and furfurylamine (FAM) were investigated as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies ( IE ) were measured at 0.005M of the inhibitors using electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The studied furan derivatives inhibit mild steel corrosion in acidic medium. The MFA shows higher inhibition efficiency of 84.77% compared to FAM of 41.75%. Quantum chemical calculations were performed at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT). Several quantum parameters were calculated to study the correlation between the molecular structures and the corrosion inhibition performance of the inhibitors. The MFA inhibitor shows higher HOMO energy, softness ( S ), fraction of electrons transferred (Δ N ), and lower energy gap (∆ E ) compared to the FAM. This result indicates a better corrosion inhibition performance of the MFA inhibitor. The results show that the calculated values of the quantum parameters using DFT calculations are consistent with the experimental findings.
Eine einfache, neue Methode zur Bewertung der Filtrationseigenschaften von Bier

Un systeme de filtration disponible dans le commerce et pouvant, apres quelques legeres modifications, etre utilise pour la filtration de la biere, est presente. Ce systeme permet d'effectuer un filtrage par couches en conservant une pression constante au niveau du filtre. Le volume et la duree de filtration permettent de calculer une quantite saisissant le deroulement du processus de filtration. Cette methode est tres precise et tres simple a realiser
Comparison of fresh versus effluent water irrigation on soil chemical properties of golf course greens and fairways

In arid and semiarid areas, an increase in water demand has forced urban planners to use alternative water resources for turfgrass irrigation. In this study, the soil chemical properties of push-up greens and fairways on two golf courses that use either effluent water or fresh water were compared. The study was conducted on two golf courses in Wyoming. Golf Course A started to use effluent water for irrigation in 2007 while Golf Course B has always used fresh water. From 2003 to 2013, a total of 238 soil samples of greens (104 from Golf Course A and 134 from Golf Course B) were collected, and 90 soil samples (45 from Golf Course A and 45 from Golf Course B) were collected from fairways. The soil analyses showed that many changes occurred over time due to the use of effluent water irrigation. After 6 yr of using effluent water, soil electrical conductivity (EC) increased but remained well below the critical threshold levels for turf , whereas soil pH increased by 0.42 units. From 2007 to 2012, sodium levels increased by 2- to 5-fold. The availability of micronutrients (Fe and Mn) decreased, especially on greens irrigated with effluent water. Soil phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) levels increased after using effluent water, which would be beneficial for turfgrass and lower fertilization requirements.
The contents and methods of knowledge network from the perspective of bibliometrics

ABSTRACT Knowledge network is widely applied in fields, such as management science, library science, information science and pedagogy, to determine the cutting-edge and popular aspects in relevant fields. It can help us to solve many academic problems by the knowledge network method based on the literature. The knowledge network method has a special value to researchers. Based on the definition of the knowledge network and its basic concepts, this paper reflects the connotation of knowledge network from two aspects: the realisation process of knowledge network and the research status of knowledge network from the perspective of bibliometrics and analyses the methods of knowledge network from the theoretical basis of multidisciplinary level. The knowledge network model is constructed from time-dimension, network type and research field. This research is helpful to construct and analyse knowledge network from different levels of knowledge unit and knowledge relation.
Implementation of two stay two stray (TSTS) learning model to improve college students’ learning activities on geometry course

College students’ learning activities need to be improved nowadays. In this study, based on the results of research involving 34 college students, there were only 5 students who actively expressed their opinions. This study is addressed to improve the students’ learning activities in Introduction of Geometry: Trapezoidal and Proportion. Learning model used was Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) learning model. The characteristics of this learning model is suitable to improve students’ learning activities. Research subjects in this study was 34 college students of Mathematics Education Department Offering A school year 2019/2020. This study used Classroom Action Research (CAR) by using data collection tool in the form of Student Activity Observation Sheet. Based on the observation of classically done data analysis, it can be concluded that there were improvements in students’ learning activities. In Oral Activities, the activeness percentage of Cycle I was 83.82%, meanwhile the activeness percentage of Cycle II was 90.90%. In Writing Activities, the activeness percentage of Cycle I was 83.82%, meanwhile the activeness percentage of Cycle II was 91.17%. In Emotional Activities, the activeness percentage of Cycle I was 82.35% and the activeness percentage of Cycle II was 86.02%. Therefore, implementation of TSTS learning model is proven to improve college students’ learning activities on geometry course materials.
Design and Applications of a Decade-Spanning Terahertz Frequency Comb Spectrometer: Doppler-limited Rotational Spectroscopy of Methanol and Methanol-OD

This thesis details the design and applications of a terahertz (THz) frequency comb spectrometer. The spectrometer employs two offset locked Ti:Sapphire femtosecond oscillators with repetition rates of approximately 80 MHz, offset locked at 100 Hz to continuously sample a time delay of 12.5 ns at a maximum time delay resolution of 15.6 fs. These oscillators emit continuous pulse trains, allowing the generation of a THz pulse train by the master, or pump, oscillator and the sampling of this THz pulse train by the slave, or probe, oscillator via the electro-optic effect. Collecting a train of 16 consecutive THz pulses and taking the Fourier transform of this pulse train produces a decade-spanning frequency comb, from 0.25 to 2.5 THz, with a comb tooth width of 5 MHz and a comb tooth spacing of ~80 MHz. This frequency comb is suitable for Doppler-limited rotational spectroscopy of small molecules. Here, the data from 68 individual scans at slightly different pump oscillator repetition rates were combined, producing an interleaved THz frequency comb spectrum, with a maximum interval between comb teeth of 1.4 MHz, enabling THz frequency comb spectroscopy. The accuracy of the THz frequency comb spectrometer was tested, achieving a root mean square error of 92 kHz measuring selected absorption center frequencies of water vapor at 10 mTorr, and a root mean square error of 150 kHz in measurements of a K-stack of acetonitrile. This accuracy is sufficient for fitting of measured transitions to a model Hamiltonian to generate a predicted spectrum for molecules of interest in the fields of astronomy and physical chemistry. As such, the rotational spectra of methanol and methanol-OD were acquired by the spectrometer. Absorptions from 1.3 THz to 2.0 THz were compared to JPL catalog data for methanol and the spectrometer achieved an RMS error of 402 kHz, improving to 303 kHz when excluding low signal-to-noise absorptions. This level of accuracy compares favorably with the ~100 kHz accuracy achieved by JPL frequency multiplier submillimeter spectrometers. Additionally, the relative intensity performance of the THz frequency comb spectrometer is linear across the entire decade-spanning bandwidth, making it the preferred instrument for recovering lineshapes and taking absolute intensity measurements in the THz region. The data acquired by the Terahertz Frequency Comb Spectrometer for methanol-OD is of comparable accuracy to the methanol data and may be used to refine the fit parameters for the predicted spectrum of methanol-OD.
Dense connection decoding network for crisp contour detection

In the past few years, contour detection algorithm has made obvious progress with the help of convolutional neural networks. The aim of this paper is to present a novel network connecting low- and high-resolution features to make the network achieving richer feature representation. First, VGG net is used as encoding part with outputting the features of different resolutions, and then the feature maps are combined in some speciﬁc resolution with up- or down-sample method. The combining process can be stack step-by-step. The proposed network makes the encoding part deeper to extract richer convolutional features. The experiments have shown that the proposed method improves the contour detection performances and outperform some existed convolutional neural networks based methods on BSDS500 and NYUD-V2 datasets.
Efficient effort allocation in line‐transect distance sampling of high‐density species: When to walk further, measure less‐often and gain precision

Line‐transect distance sampling is widely used to estimate population densities using distances of observed targets from transect lines to model detectability. When the target taxa are high density, the frequent measuring of distances may make the method seem impractical. We present a method that improves the efficiency of distance sampling when the target species occurs at high density. Only a proportion of targets are measured to model the detection function, and the time saved on the survey is then used to cover a longer total length of transect and accrue a larger ‘count only’ sample. This approach can improve the precision of the population density estimate when the cost of measuring the distance to a detected target is more than half the cost of walking to the next target. We find the optimal proportion of distances to measure that minimises the variance of the density estimate for a fixed survey budget. We quantify how much this optimised strategy increases the precision of the density estimate compared with conventional line‐transect distance sampling. We then use simulated distance sampling data to test our expressions, and illustrate circumstances under which the optimised approach would be beneficial using distance sampling data on high‐density plants. The simulations indicate that the optimised method delivers benefits in precision, but the magnitude of the benefit is lower than predicted from our expressions, which are based on an asymptotic approximation of the variance. We apply an adjustment to the predicted benefit equation to account for this difference, and show that, in all three plant case studies, the optimised approach could improve the precision gained from a distance sampling survey between 20% and 50%. This new approach could broaden the ecological contexts in which distance sampling is applied, to include estimation of densities of abundant taxa where plots are conventionally used. The method may have interesting applications for other survey types, including multispecies surveys or those using cues or signs that occur at high density.
A broadband dual circularly polarized shared‐aperture antenna array using characteristic mode analysis for 5G applications

A novel broadband dual circularly polarized (CP) array based on metasurface structures is proposed in this article. Four rotated metasurface elements fed with 90° phase difference are employed in this design, and crossed L‐shaped probes are used to achieve dual CP operation for each element. The proposed metasurface is shared by the closely spaced radiation elements to realize a compact size of only 0.69 × 0.69 × 0. 03λ0, where λ0 is the free‐space wavelength at the lowest frequency of 3.5 GHz. The working mechanism of the proposed metasurface antenna element is investigated by using characteristic mode analysis. A prototype is fabricated and measured to confirm the effectiveness. The measured results show that the proposed antenna exhibits attractive features of wide operation bandwidth and good dual CP performance, which makes it suitable for 5G applications.
Design method of measurement errors of MEMS-IMU in attitude capture clothing

Attitude capture clothing is widely used in virtual anchor, virtual fitting and other fields, and MEMS-IMU is the key component to realize high cost-performance attitude capture clothing. However, a precision turntable is needed in order to estimate gyroscope’s static biasing, and measurement errors of MEMS-IMU are difficult to be obtained. Based on the problem, both attitude and gyroscope’s static biasing are estimated in field through a Kalman filter, a design method of measurement errors is proposed for improving attitude’s accuracy. In the proposed method, a mathematical model of measurement errors is given, and the optimal values of measurement errors are obtained by analysing the relationship between attitude’s accuracy and measurement errors. A MEMS-IMU with name of MPU9250 and size of 3 mm*3 mm* 1 mm is used for verifying the feasibility of the proposed method. Experimental results show pitch, roll and yaw deviate from the reference values by 0.008°, 0.006° and 0.6° respectively when the MEMS-IMU keeps movement at a constant speed in arbitrary trajectory, which is significant for promoting the application of MEMS-IMU in attitude capture clothing.
Axial crystals – macroscopic symmetry and tensor properties

ABSTRACT Axial crystals have axial symmetry which keeps invariant straight line with a fixed point. Axial symmetry groups include 27 non-cubic crystallographic point groups and 5 limit groups describing symmetry of textures and liquid crystals. We show that, except for four cases, each axial symmetry belongs to one of five axial types: polar, chiral, pseudopolar (three basic axial types), directional (possessing none of characteristic properties of basic types) or rotational (exhibiting characteristic properties of all basic types). Each basic type can appear in two structurally different variants with the same symmetry. These variants can coexist and form a mesoscopic structure (antiparallel ferroelectric or chiral domain structure, mixture of enantiomers). We examine macroscopic properties of axial types and variants, and experimental accessivity of their characteristic features.
Dependence of reversed-phase liquid chromatographic retention for aripiprazole and some related chemical impurities on the main elution parameters

ABSTRACT The present study focuses on the chromatographic behavior of a novel atypical antipsychotic drug, aripiprazole, and its five chemical related impurities. The experiments were performed on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm particle size), whereas the detection was provided by an UV-Vis DAD detector set at 254 nm. The influences of the organic modifier, column temperature, and the pH of the mobile phase on the retention of the six compounds were studied. From these dependences some molecular descriptors and thermodynamic parameters that are important in drug characterization were evaluated. Also, the effect of two different acids added to the mobile phase (phosphoric acid and trifluoroacetic acid) on the retention behavior for chosen compounds was studied. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Investigation of the Interaction of Dimeric Ruthenium Complexes with Cytochrome b5

Photoreactive complexes to study the kinetics of electron transfer of proteins have been in use for a long time. It has always been speculated that complexes bind near the heme or the electron transfer reaction would not occur. But it is unkown exactly how the complex interacts with the protein. The structural, thermodynamic, and kinetic properties of rat liver microsomal cytochrome b5 were investigated when bound to ruthenium dimer complexes. Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence studies support a dynamic binding model of a dimer Ru complex bound near the protein’s heme involving residues H39, E44, G42, V61, G62, and H63. The enthalpy of binding ΔH was found to be unfavorable: +200 cal/mol, despite a very favorable equilibrium dissociation constant Kd was found to be 40 μM indicating an entropically controlled process. These insights will help with the design of future photoreactive complexes for the study of electron transfer reactions in metalloproteins.
A Critical-analysis on the Development of Micro Grid in China

With the combination of Internet, information technology and energy, micro grid plays an important role in the adjustment of energy structure with its abundant resources and friendly environmental benefits. This paper introduces the status of micro grid and renewable Energy of the status quo, In the second part, the development status of the micro-grid is introduced in the second part. In the third part, the future development trend of micro-grid is given. The conclusion of this paper and the suggestion of micro-grid development are given.
An Intelligent Ground-Air Cooperative Navigation Framework Based on Visual-Aided Method in Indoor Environments

In the future, heterogeneous robots are expected to perform more complex tasks in a cooperative manner, and the onboard navigation system is required to be capable of working safely and effectively in the area where GNSS signal is weak or even could not be received. To demonstrate this concept, we have developed a cooperative navigation system by the use of Ground-Aerial Vehicle Cooperation. The key innovations of the development lie in the following aspects: (1) a local scalable self-organizing network is constructed for data interaction between a small UAV and a reusable ground robot; (2) a new navigation framework is proposed to achieve visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) where carrying capacity of both the ground vehicle and UAV are systematically considered; (3) an octomap-based 3D environment reconstruction method is developed to achieve map pre-establishment in complex navigation environments, and the classic ORB-SLAM2 system is improved to be adaptive to actual environment exploration and perception. In-door flight experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution. More interestingly, by implementing a centroid tracking algorithm, the cooperative system is further capable of tracking a man moving in indoor environments.
Environmental Conditions and Predictors of Lassa Fever Transmission in a Low Socioeconomic Community in Nigeria

Lassa fever is of public health concern in West Africa due to its endemic nature. Housing conditions have been revealed to be important sites for primary transmission. This study assessed environmental and housing conditions of a low-income community for factors that could contribute to the transmission of Lassa fever. The study employed a cross-sectional design with a field component. Observational checklist and an interviewer-administered questionnaire were used to assess environmental conditions and respondents’ hygiene knowledge and practices respectively. Rodent traps were also placed in selected households. Data collected were analysed using SPSS Version20. 40% of the respondents had poor housing conditions, 80% had good hygiene practice while 20% had poor knowledge. Respondents with good housing condition were 1.9 times more likely to have good hygiene practice compared to houses with poor housing condition (OR= 1.941, p= 0.009). Rodents trapped from the households were Rattus rattus (43.2%), Rattus fuscipes Original Research Article Ana et al.; IJTDH, 42(1): 25-39, 2021; Article no.IJTDH. 65448 26 (38.6%) and Rattus norvegicus (18.2%). Houses with most rats trapped had the poorest housing conditions and hygiene practices. The results suggest that households in the community are susceptible to the transmission of Lassa fever. Therefore, effective awareness campaigns on the transmission of Lassa fever and good hygiene and sanitation practice should be encouraged in and around the home.
Cytotoxic Activity of Ethyl-para-methoxycinnamate from Kaempferia galanga L. on A549 Lung Cancer and B16 Melanoma Cancer Cells

Kaempferia galanga L. belongs to the family of Zingiberaceae, an endangered medicinal plant with pharmacology activities. Ethyl- p -methoxycinnamate (EPMC) is an essential phytoconstituent of K. galanga rhizomes. Several studies have reported that EPMC has anticancer activities in several cancer cells, including CL-6 gallbladder cancer cells, HepG2liver cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and Raji lymphoma cancer cells. However, studies on A549 lung cancer and B16 melanoma cancer cells have not been reported. This study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of EPMC against A549 lung cancer and B16 melanoma cancer cells. EPMC was obtained by extraction using n -hexane, then recrystallized with chloroform. The isolate was then analyzed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and the structure was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Cytotoxic activity was determined under Presto Blue assay. Based on the result, EPMC from K. galanga showed the cytotoxic effect on B16 cells with an IC 50 value of 97.09 μg/mL, whereas EPMC showed no significant cytotoxic effect on A549 with an IC 50 value of 1407.75 μg/mL. It was concluded that EPMC has potential cytotoxic on B16 melanoma cancer cells, but it showed inactive activity against A549 lung cancer cells. Further molecular mechanism underlying EPMC cytotoxic activity needs to be conducted.