Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conservative and Compositional Modeling in the CompSOC Platform

In the CompSOC platform applications are conservatively modeled and analyzed to achieve strict realtime guarantees. Time-non-deterministic system-components are abstracted to their worst-case temporal behavior, resulting in a deterministic Synchronous Dataflow (SDF) model. The individual deterministic models are composed to a system model on which efficient analysis can be performed. An enabling property for ensuring the conservativeness of the analysis performed on the composite-model is the monotonicity of the individual components. Some components in CompSOC have been shown to exhibit non-monotonic behavior, hence need to be treated separately. We propose a framework for the abstraction of non-monotonic components into SDF graphs. The abstraction is compositional in the sense that it allows for abstractions of individual components in a composite-system while preserving the conservativeness of the model. We use the framework to abstract non-monotonic components in the CompSOC communication-channel into a monotonic SDF graphs, which fits well within the CompSOC modeling framework. To complement the modeling of the non-monotonic components of the communication-channel, we provide SDF models of all components of the channel. Our models are either new, or refinements the existing models which provide tighter analysis. Also, we develop a modeling technique that enables modeling of behavior that could not be modeled before. Namely, we model the interference of tasks running on the platform and sharing a buffer or a request-queue under static-order scheduling. This modeling technique can also be applied to general SDF modeling, outside the CompSOC framework.
An exploratory case study of computer use in a primary school mathematics classroom: New technology, new pedagogy?

Because computers potentially transform pedagogy, much has been made of their ability to impact positively on student performance, particularly in subjects such as mathematics and science. However, there is currently a dearth of research regarding exactly how the computer acts as a transformative tool in disadvantaged schools. Drawing on a detailed case study of a Grade 6 mathematics classroom I address the question of whether the introduction of a new tool – the computer – into the classroom shifts a teacher's pedagogical practice. I do this by elaborating on Vygotsky's learning theory before discussing Activity Theory as a framework for analysing change within and between the activity systems of the classroom and the computer laboratory. By focusing on contradictions as dynamic forces of change, I demonstrate how we can track transformation within an activity system. Tracking these contradictions enables me to illustrate how the use of the computer potentially leads to a shift in the object of the mathematics classroom, which in turn, leads to shifts in other elements of the classroom. This article seeks to provide one illustration of the way in which Activity Theory can be used as a methodological tool to investigate pedagogical change within a classroom.
Shape Optimization of a Crashbox using HyperMorph and LS-OPT

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how to improve the performance of a crashbox by the application of shape optimization using HyperMorph and LS-OPT. Two load cases for the crashbox are considered: low speed front crash with initial load in x-direction and low speed crash with initial load 10° rotated with respect to the x-axis. Possible beads and geometry variations are parameterized with HyperMorph. The parameters that define the shape variations in HyperMorph are controlled by LS-OPT and be exchanged via a dedicated interface. The main quality criterion for the crashbox is the smoothness of the force values which occur during the energy absorption. This means, a force-intrusion curve with a horizontal line, after a specific force level is reached, would be the ideal case. The formulation of the optimization problem takes this into account by minimizing the difference between the maximum and the minimum force values of the force-intrusion curve during the folding process. Simultaneously several restrictions regarding the producibility and the folding mechanism have to be considered.
A Method Using Auxiliary Direction to Improve SURF Recall

Classic SURF algorithm may lead to matching failure, low recall because of incorrect main direction when constructing feature points describing operator. To solve it, A Method using auxiliary direction to improve SURF recall is put forward. The improved algorithm first select out auxiliary direction which is similar to main direction in characteristics, then generate new operator for describing the auxiliary direction characteristic. When matching, the improved algorithm adopts stricter nearest neighbor proportion inhibition. Experimental results show that feature point recall increase about 6% compared with the classical SURF while maintaining the precision.
HWT에 기초한 EZW를 이용한 영상압축 개선

본 논문에서는 Haar Wavelet Transform(HWT)에 기반한 EZW 알고리즘을 적용하여 효율성 있는 영상 압축방법을 제시하였다. 제안된 Haar-EZW 알고리즘은 입력 영상을 자기유사성이 있는 상관관계를 사용한 HWT 계수를 이용하여 제로트리 부호화하는 코딩방법이다. HWT 계수가 임계값보다 크면 POS로 부호화되고, 임계값보다 작다면 NEG로 부호화된다. HWT 계수가 제로트리의 제곱근보다 크다면 ZTR로 부호화되고, HWT 계수가 임계값보다 적고 제로트리의 제곱근이 아니라면 IZ로 부호화된다. 모든 HWT 계수가 완전하게 부호화돨 때까지 이 프로세스는 반복된다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 Haar-EZW 알고리즘을 Daubechies, Antonini와 비교하였다. 그 결과로 Haar-EZW 알고리즘의 PSNR이 Daubechies, Antonini보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다.
Music mood annotation using semantic computing and machine learning

Saari, Pasi Music Mood Annotation Using Semantic Computing and Machine Learning Jyvaskyla: University of Jyvaskyla, 2015, 58 p.(+included articles) (Jyvaskyla Studies in Humanities ISSN 1456-5390; ISBN (nid.) ISBN (PDF) Finnish summary Diss. The main appeal of music lies in its capability to express moods, so mood-based music discovery and management is highly beneficial. Online music services enable access to wide music catalogues, and social and editorial tagging produces large amounts of semantic information on music mood. However, tag data are not as reliable at representing moods expressed by music as self-report data obtained from listening experiments. The primary aim of the present work was to examine computational methods for enhancing the existing mood tag data and to enable automatic annotation of music according to the expressed mood. Semantic computing based on large-scale tag data aims to improve the accuracy of tags at representing moods, and a novel technique called Affective Circumplex Transformation (ACT) was proposed for this purpose. Improvements to the generalizability of audio-based mood annotation performance were sought using audio feature selection and a proposed technique termed as Semantic Layer Projection (SLP) that efficiently incorporates large-scale tag data. Moreover, a genre-adaptive technique was proposed to take into account genre-specific aspects of music mood in audio-based annotation. Performance evaluation of the techniques was carried out using social and editorial tags, listener ratings, and large corpora representing popular and production music. ACT led to clear improvements in the accuracy as opposed to raw tag data and conventional semantic analysis techniques. Moreover, ACT models could be generalized across tag types and different music corpora. Audio-based annotation results showed that exploiting tags and semantic computing using SLP can lead to similar or even higher performance than tag-based mood inference. Adapting both the semantic moodmodels and audio-based models to different genres led to further improvements, especially in terms of the valence dimension.
CMOS integrated Circuits for RF-powered Wireless Temperature Sensor

Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto. fi Author Shailesh Singh Chouhan Name of the doctoral dissertation CMOS Integrated Circuits for RF-powered Wireless Temperature Sensor Publisher School of Electrical Engineering Unit Department of Microand Nanosciences Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 201/2015 Field of research Electronic circuit design Manuscript submitted 19 August 2015 Date of the defence 4 December 2015 Permission to publish granted (date) 8 October 2015 Language English Monograph Article dissertation (summary + original articles) Abstract This dissertation presents original research contributions in the form of twelve scientific publications that represent advances related to RF-to-DC converters, reference circuits (voltage, current and frequency) and temperature sensors. The primary focus of this research was to design efficient and low power CMOS-based circuit components, which are useful in various blocks of an RF-powered wireless sensor node. The RF-to-DC converter or rectifier converts RF energy into DC energy, which is utilized by the sensor node. In the implementation of a CMOS-based RF-to-DC converter, the threshold voltage of MOS transistors mainly affects the conversion efficiency. Hence, for the first part of this research, different threshold voltage compensation schemes were developed for the rectifiers. These schemes were divided into two parts; first, the use of the MOSFET body terminal biasing technique and second, the use of an auxiliary circuit to obtain threshold voltage compensation. In addition to these schemes, the use of an alternate signaling scheme for voltage multiplier configuration of differential input RF-harvesters has also been investigated. A known absolute value of voltage or current is the most useful for an integrated circuit. Thus, the circuit which generates the absolute value of voltage or current is cited as the voltage or current reference circuit respectively. Hence, in the second part of the research, simple, low power and moderately accurate, voltage and current reference circuits were developed for the power management unit of the sensor node. Besides voltage and current reference circuits, a frequency reference circuit was also designed. The use of the frequency reference circuit is in the digital processing and timing functions of the sensor node. In the final part of the research, temperature sensing was selected as an application for the sensor node. Here, voltage and current based sensor cores were developed to sense the temperature. A smart temperature sensor was designed by using the voltage cores to obtain temperature information in terms of the duty-cycle. Similarly, the temperature equivalent current was converted into the frequency to obtain a temperature equivalent output signal. All these implementations were done by using two integrated circuits which were fabricated during the year 2013-14.
The Model Human Processor: A Model for Making Engineering Calculations of Human Performance

It can be argued that one of the chief impediments to progress in human engineering is the lack of a model of the human information-processor posed in such a way as to enable approximate engineering calculations to be made of human performance. The Model Human Processor is an attempt at such a model. The use of the model is illustrated through sample computations.
Implementation of the CUDA Cusp and CHOLMOD Solvers in CalculiX

An implementation of two GPU based solvers into the open source CalculiX finite element code is reported. The implemented solvers are CUDA-CUSP and CHOLMOD. Several quasi-static finite element models are used to benchmark the solver implementations against previously available CalculiX solvers and against one commercial code with GPU processing. Factors affecting performance are also discussed.
Opportunities for all learners to achieve their potential: an investigation into the effects of learning talk in the secondary school classroom

A major challenge to contemporary education is to meet the Government’s directive, depicted in OFSTED guidelines and the Department for Education’s Teacher Standards that all our learners make progress, are autonomous and are able to engage in independent learning. However they offer no guidance as to how this can be achieved. The research has built on earlier theories to close the gap between Government measurements of the quality of teaching and twenty-first century educational theories, with particular focus on learning talk. The primary intention of this research was to determine the impact that dynamically dialogic learning conversations, that is learning talk, have on deepening learning, and how they may be used to enable teachers to meet OFSTED’s requirement for all students to make progress. The data for this case study was collected through a process of lesson observations, interviews and focus-group discussions over a period of one year. Sixteen lessons were video-recorded for a variety of topics and the recordings were analysed in depth against established theories of learning and the complex patterns and relationships between the different types of student and teacher learning talk observed in the classroom. The outcome of the analysis is a set of observable characteristics of learning talk which form an Observation Database. The findings support the premise that learning talk in the classroom leads to deeper learning. The Observation Database contains of a set of tools for observing, evaluating and enabling learning talk in the classroom and therefore offers teachers the opportunity to demonstrate OFSTED criteria. The process of developing the Observation Database and the tools developed have been shared both locally and nationally to heighten awareness of learning talk in the classroom and its link to deeper learning.
Remotely detected fire events: Potential and challenges of validating against national ground data

The Earth Observation data are recognized as valuable source of information about fire events. In this paper we present the potential of using the satellite-based ‘hotspots’ in management of fires as well as challenges of validating the remotely detected fire events in Poland. We compare the spatio-temporal distribution of fires derived from satellites against ground-based fires reported in the National Forest Fire Information System. The preliminary results showed that about 35% of the remotely detected fires were recorded in the ground-based fire database over the period 2002–2013. The satellites has missed the vast majority of vegetation fires. The limitation of both databases was also discussed. The analysis of fire intensity, for the fires detected both remotely and on the ground, demonstrated that forest fires were the greatest and the most intensive fires. However, the analysis of the mean Fire Radiative Power values calculated for all recorded MODIS hotspots confirmed that wetland fires are the most intensive considering that the number of burning events was relatively low.
Decision models of Multi Periods Closed Loop Supply Chain with Remanufacturing under Centralized and Decentralized Decision Making

The closed-loop supply chains for new products and remanufactured products under uncertain demand are studied. Considering the differences in consumers’ “willingness to pay (WTP)” for new products and remanufactured products, the decision models of multi-period closed-up supply chain with remanufacturing under centralized and decentralized decision making are established respectively and optimal decision of each member of the supply chain is obtained. Through comparison between differences in the consumers’ WTP for the two types of products, three closed-loop supply chains are established under the condition of the government‘s reward and punishment mechanism. The game model and numerical experiment dominated by various manufacturers are elaborately analyzed, the interest coordination mechanism is confirmed with Shapley Value Method, and the model is solved and dissected through numerical simulation. The research results show there is benefit loss under decentralized decision making, and a reduction of middlemen can effectively improve benefits of the supply chain. The benefits of closed-loop supply chain with remanufacturing can be distributed with Shapley Value in a rational and effective manner.
Teaching Programmers/Designers Flash/ActionScript

This demonstration presents a constructivist approach to teaching web design skills, 2D animation, basic scripting and programming concepts using Macromedia Flash and ActionScript. The overall curriculum is discussed followed by an examination of two courses that focus on teaching Flash and ActionScript accompanied by demonstrations of tutorials and projects, which incorporate meaningful content provided by on campus institutions. The teaching approach is informed by theories of multiple intelligence and address different styles and rates of learning by featuring learner centered, hands-on tutorials, which emphasize learning by doing.
Deadlock Avoidance Scheduling for Dual-armed Cluster Tools by Petri Net Decomposition Approach

Cluster tools are used to process a variety of silicon wafers for the fabrication of microelectronic components. The dual-armed cluster tool system consists of several loadlock modules, processing devices, and dual-armed robots for transferring wafers between them. In order to improve total throughput of cluster tools, deadlock avoidance scheduling is highly required for various types of wafer flow patterns or various equipment configurations. In this paper, we propose a Petri net decomposition approach to deadlock avoidance scheduling for dual-armed cluster tools for semiconductor manufacturing. A timed Petri net model is introduced to represent scheduling problems for dual-armed cluster tools. In order to obtain a deadlock-free schedule, we develop a deadlock avoidance control policy that restricts the marking to prevent unmarked siphons. The developed control policy is combined with the Petri net decomposition approach to generate a better feasible solution. Computational results show the effectiveness of the proposed method combined with the deadlock avoidance policy.
Social Information Retrieval Based on Semantic Annotation and Hashing upon the Multiple Ontologies

Ontology is the best way for representing the useful information. In this paper, we have planned to develop a model which utilizes multiple ontologies. From those ontologies, based on the mutual information among the concepts the taxonomy is constructed, then the relationship among the concepts is calculated. Thereby the useful information is extracted. There is multiple numbers of ontologies available through the web. But there are various issues to be faced while sharing and reusing the existing ontologies. To resolve the ambiguity which exists, when comparing two concepts are semantically similar, but physically different, an approach is proposed here to index and retrieve the documents from two different ontologies. The ontologies used are WordNet and SWETO ontology. The results are compared based on semantic annotation based on RMS and hashing between the cross ontologies using Rabin Karp fingerprinting algorithm. Also the datasets are trained to yield better results.
Breast Cancer Prognostic Markers: Are They Really Addressing the Issues?

Breast cancer is a contrasting disease with an asymmetric morphology, molecular features, which makes it atypical in response to therapies. Conventionally, prognostic markers in breast cancer is based on the clinico-pathological parameters and detached molecular markers, but on the other hand breast cancer prognosis behaves to some extent asymmetrically in different ethnic groups; although this is a debateable topic, but this situation still exists.
Implementation and optimization of parametric stereo encoding in enhanced aacPlus encoder.

The state-of-the-art lowbitrate audio coder is enhanced aacPlus, which is a combination of Parametric Stereo (PS), Spectral Band Replication (SBR) and Advanced Audio Coding (AAC). PS as the newest addition to the coder makes it possible to encode the audio at a bitrate of as low as 24 kbps with acceptable audio quality. The idea behind PS is to code stereo audio as a monaural downmix signal and a small amount of spatial parameters which describe its spatial image. The monaural signal can then be encoded by any generic audio coder while the spatial parameters are embedded into the resulting mono audio bitstream. The details of PS encoding as well as a general overview of the decoding process are presented in this thesis. An implementation of PS encoder which supports the full MPEG-4 PS configurations is presented. Along with the implementation, two optimizations are proposed: enhanced downmixing scheme and unified transient detector. A subjective listening test to evaluate both optimizations reveals that the optimized encoder is able to perform as well as the reference encoder with a total saving of 4% of the computational complexity. In addition, a concept of an objective method to evaluate spatial image distortion due to audio processing is proposed. The evaluation of the proposed method reveals that the output metrics defined are able to approximate the simulated spatial distortion.
Dependability Explicit Metadata: Extended Report on Properties, Policies and Exemplary Application to Case Studies

This report is in three parts. The first part describes a fictitious case study in which a coalition of forces is brought together to suppress a guerrilla threat. These forces form a System of Systems sharing data to improve the efficiency and safety of the operation. Four scenarios are described within this study, in each we present a dependability goal and show a policy that acts on realistic metadata to maintain that goal where possible. The second part presents a set of five desirable properties of languages used to write policies. These properties, if found, can help to manage the complexity of a policy and also assist with showing it is correct to its specification and does not contain inconsistencies. We also present a set of properties that should be explicitly considered when designing a policy and the system that supports it at run-time. The final part illustrates one possible system that could implement the behaviour described in the earlier case study. The architecture and supporting text is intended to illustrate the interactions within the system and the functions of the components it contains that together allow the configuration of the System of Systems to be managed. A key feature of this framework is that it separates the policies into focused parts intended to both reduce the complexity of policy description and to facilitate policy reuse across platforms. © 2011 Newcastle University. Printed and published by Newcastle University, Computing Science, Claremont Tower, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, England. Bibliographical details GAMBLE, C. , RIDDLE, S Dependability Explicit Metadata: Extended Report on Properties, Policies and Exemplary Application to Case Studies [By] C. Gamble, S Riddle Newcastle upon Tyne: Newcastle University: Computing Science, 2011. (Newcastle University, Computing Science, Technical Report Series, No. CS-TR-1248)
Explore "Decrease-All-By-One" on DDoS packet Filtering using Counting Bloom Filter

This paper explores a method which can improve bot IP detection rate and reduce false positive rate in DDoS attack packet filtering using counting Bloom filter. False positive occurs due to inherent characteristic of Bloom filter. We examine a technique, "decrease-all-by-one", that can improve bot detection performance without false positive rate increase and we prove a optimized condition in which "decrease-all-by-one" operation should be performed through simulation experiments.
Linearization in muCRL

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