Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Subjective Hot Flush Reports Compared With Continuous Sternal Skin Conductance Monitoring

OBJECTIVE: To compare 2 subjective and 1 objective method for assessing hot flush frequency: prospective paper hot flush diaries, prospective electronic event markers, and the Biolog ambulatory sternal skin conductance monitor. METHODS: Fifty-five breast cancer survivors provided two 24-hour periods of data, 1 week apart, at baseline before being randomized for an intervention study. Women completed a prospective paper hot flush diary and pressed an event marker to subjectively record each hot flush they experienced while wearing a sternal skin conductance monitor. RESULTS: Sensitivity was uniformly low (< 50%) for both subjective methods at each week. The estimated probability that a woman would record a true monitor-verified hot flush subjectively by diary or event marker was between 36% and 50% of the time if she was awake and between 22% and 42% of the time if she was asleep. Underreporting of diary hot flushes consequently resulted in more than 50% missing severity and bother ratings. Specificity was high (96–98%) for both the diary and event marker, for both weeks, and for both waking and sleeping times. The positive predictive value was low (34–52%), and negative predictive value was high (94–97%). This indicates that, rather than overreporting hot flushes when they did not exist, women tended to underreport hot flushes when they did exist. CONCLUSION: Use of prospective paper hot flush diaries and electronic event markers may seriously underestimate hot flush frequency and result in missed intensity and bother ratings. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2
Eyes in the Sky: A Free of Charge Infrastructure-less Mobile Ad-hoc Cloud

The evolution of Ad-hoc Clouds has become completely inspiring. Therefore, the usage of free resources distributed around us such as 'Cloud as a Service' is witnessing a great importance. Ubiquitous computing turned out to be a fact that has many unutilized resources. These unutilized resources can be used to create Ad-hoc Cloud. In this paper, we create a novel mobile ad-hoc cloud based on a network of interconnected low cost, small size, resource constrained and widely available devices. We present a novel application to detect criminals using low cost equipment. This way the application can be considered a method that compensates the total cost that was needed for creating the cloud infrastructure and operational cost. Simulation studies showed that the performance of the created ad-hoc cloud is acceptable in comparison with a small scale conventional cloud hosting container based distributed application.
The TIPP opioid peptide family: development of delta antagonists, delta agonists, and mixed mu agonist/delta antagonists.

The discovery of the prototype delta opioid antagonists TIPP (H-Tyr-Tic-Phe-Phe-OH) and TIP (H-Tyr-Tic-Phe-OH) in 1992 was followed by extensive structure-activity relationship studies, leading to the development of analogues that are of interest as pharmacological tools or as potential therapeutic agents. Stable TIPP-derived delta opioid antagonists with subnanomolar delta receptor binding affinity and extraordinary delta receptor selectivity include TIPP[Psi] (H-Tyr-TicPsi[CH(2)NH]Phe-Phe-OH] and TICP[Psi] (H-Tyr-TicPsi[CH(2)NH]Cha-Phe-OH); Cha: cyclohexylalanine), which are widely used in opioid research. Theoretical conformational analyses in conjunction with the pharmacological characterization of conformationally constrained TIPP analogues led to a definitive model of the receptor-bound conformation of H-Tyr-Tic-(Phe-Phe)-OH-related delta opioid antagonists, which is characterized by all-trans peptide bonds. Further structure-activity studies revealed that the delta antagonist vs delta agonist behavior of TIP(P)-derived compounds depended on very subtle structural differences in diverse locations of the molecule and suggested a delta receptor model involving a number of different inactive receptor conformations. A further outcome of these studies was the identification of a new class of potent and very selective dipeptide delta agonists of the general formula H-Tyr-Tic-NH-X (X = arylalkyl), which are of interest for drug development because of their low molecular weight and lipophilic character. Most interestingly, TIPP analogues containing a C-terminal carboxamide group displayed a mixed mu agonist/delta antagonist profile, and thus were expected to be analgesics with a low propensity to produce tolerance and physical dependence. This turned out to be the case with the TIPP-derived mu agonist/delta antagonist DIPP-NH(2)[Psi] (H-Dmt-TicPsi[CH(2)NH]Phe-Phe-NH(2)); Dmt: 2',6'- dimethyltyrosine).
A study on the design of flash analog to quaternary converter using DLC comparator

This paper describes a 3.3V low power 4 digit CMOS flash analog to quaternary converter (AQC) designed with neuron MOS down literal circuit comparators and binary to quaternary encoding blocks. The neuron MOS down literal comparator allows the designed AQC to reduce not Wily the number of MOS transistors, but also power dissipations compared with conventional ADCs. Fast settling time and low power consumption of the AQC are achieved by utilizing the proposed architecture. The simulation results the designed 4 digit AQC show a sampling rate of 16 MHz and a power dissipation of 28.5 mW with a single power supply of 3.3V for a double poly four metal standard CMOS 0.35 n-well technology.
Analysis and implementation of hierarchical mutually recursive first class modules

This thesis presents a novel way to introduce mutually recursive first-class modules into a call-by-value programming language. In our approach, all modules are accessed through dot-notation without any additional syntax for mutually recursive modules. In contrast to other call-by-value languages, mutually recursive modules can be declared without the use of module composition or a self variable. This simple mechanism is achieved through a dependency analysis. This analysis computes all necessary information, which, in other approaches, must be provided by the programmer. The transformation based denotational semantics of a call-by-value language with first-class, hierarchical and recursive modules is presented. For this purpose, a small functional language—GLang—is defined. GLang uses the notation of Groups, as proposed by Pepper and Hofstedt in [31]. Groups merge dynamic data structures with aspects of modularisation and name binding in functional programming languages. Groups are first-class values, which capture recursive definitions, lexical scoping, hierarchical structuring of programs, and dynamically typed data structures in a single construction. This thesis clarifies what problems occur in combining nested, recursive and first-class modules and shows how to solve these problems by a novel path resolution algorithm. This path resolution algorithm is the basis for a dependency analysis which determines the evaluation order for definitions. This evaluation order is used to transform a GLang expression into an intermediate representation. Each Group is transformed into a component which contains all definitions of this Group in dependency order. This ensures that Groups are kept as entities. For the intermediate representation, an evaluation function is provided. The transformation and the evaluation function together define the call-by-value semantics of GLang. Moreover, the compilation into a call-by-value λ-calculus with records and recursive let-expressions is defined, and we discuss different possibilities to extend GLang.
Therapeutic advances in restless legs syndrome (RLS)

Levodopa and dopamine agonists have been the main treatment for restless legs syndrome during the past decades. Although their efficacy has been well documented over the short term, long‐term dopaminergic treatment is often complicated by augmentation, loss of efficacy, and other side effects. Recent large randomized controlled trials provide new evidence for the efficacy of high‐potency opioids and α2δ ligands, and several post hoc analyses, meta‐analyses, algorithms, and guidelines have been published, often with a specific focus, for example, on augmentation, or on management of restless legs syndrome during pregnancy. Several new contributions to understanding the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome have been published, but at this time, whether they will have an impact on treatment possibilities in the future cannot be estimated. © 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Modulation of J774.1 Macrophage l-Arginine Metabolism by Intracellular Mycobacterium bovis BCG

ABSTRACT Using a Mycobacterium bovis BCG mutant (AS1) lacking a Bacillus subtilisl-arginine transporter homolog, we demonstrate here that the interaction between intracellular mycobacteria and the macrophage with respect to l-arginine transport and metabolism is quite complex. Intracellular AS1 stimulates macrophage l-arginine transport and accumulates 2.5-fold more 3H label derived from l-arginine than does the wild type. These studies suggest that the accumulation of 3H label reflects the acquisition of metabolites of l-arginine produced by the macrophage.
A Decision Procedure for SHOIQ with Transitive Closure of Roles.

The Semantic Web makes an extensive use of the OWL DL ontology language, underlied by the SHOIQ description logic, to formalize its resources. In this paper, we propose a decision procedure for this logic extended with the transitive closure of roles in concept axioms, a feature needed in several appli-cation domains. The most challenging issue we have to deal with when design-ing such a decision procedure is to represent inﬁnitely non-tree-shaped models, which are different from those of SHOIQ ontologies. To address this issue, we introduce a new blocking condition for characterizing models which may have an inﬁnite non-tree-shaped part.
Sequential data fusion applied to a distributed radar, acoustic and visual sensor network

Surveillance tasks, both in the public security and in the military domains, exploit sensors and sensor networks with complementary functionalities. Systems with an integrated multisensory suite benefit from the complementarity of the sensed data types. Capability gaps can indeed be reduced and an enhanced profile of the Area of Interest (AoI) can be retrieved. Although a diversified selection of surveillance devices is a mandatory requirement, an operational advantage is only achieved when the outcomes produced by all the sensors are effectively merged and exploited. This research paper addresses an innovative sensor integration approach for a highly-diversified sensor suite. The network is aimed at maximizing the information sharing and combining the data analysis, supported by a sequential data fusion engine. The parameter that will be highlighted is the relative positioning of the sensors in different combinations. The validity of the proposed solution is verified in a public security environment, where multiple actors are present. First results based on simulation are shown.
Prediction of System Performance Based on Component Jitter and Noise Budgets

Conventional ways of summing component specifications to balance voltage and timing budgets are increasingly problematic as data rates continue to scale higher for high speed links. For instance, performance degradation caused by transmitter jitter is more severe than that caused by receiver jitter due to jitter coloring by the passive channel. Furthermore, certain jitter components could interact in the system so it is inaccurate to treat them as independent variables. A system voltage and timing budgeting process hence requires a sophisticated method to accurately predict the overall system performance based on the component specifications. With the recent introduction of a statistical CAD tool, the impact of each individual component, including both deterministic and random jitter, can be co-simulated [l]-[3]. This paper demonstrates the usage of this statistical CAD tool for modeling component budgets. We verify the accuracy of our modeling approach by correlating with a FlexIOreg parallel link interface. Then, we apply the proposed methodology to a PCI Expressreg bus system to estimate the system performance based on published component jitter specification.
Measurement of cerebral oxygenation state in anaesthetized children using the INVOS 5100 cerebral oximeter

Background: Near‐infrared spectroscopy is a developing technique for monitoring cerebral oxygenation during anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate absolute values of cerebral oxygenation during stable anaesthesia conditions in otherwise healthy children using the recently introduced INVOS 5100 cerebral oximeter with a paediatric and adult sensor and to compare them with values obtained from the NIRO 300 oximeter.
The effects of Pseudomonas fluorescence and Rhizobium meliloti co-inoculation on nodulation and mineral nutrient contents in alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) under salinity stress

Plant Growth Promoting Rizobacteria (PGPR) have shown potential to improve nodulation of legumes when co-inoculated with Rhizobium. In this work the effects of Pseudomonas fluorescence on the symbiotic interaction between Rhizobium meliloti and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) as well as nutrient element contents was studied under salinity stress condition. The experiment was arranged as a factorial in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications at Seed Research Laboratory and Greenhouse of College of Agriculture, Tehran University. The experimental treatments comprised of: two levels of salinity stress viz. control (0) and (12 dSm -1 ), two alfalfa cultivars (Bami and Yazdi) and three levels of bacterial inoculation treatments viz. Rhizobium meliloti alone, Rhizobium and Pseudomonas co -inoculation and control (no inoculation). Results indicated that salt stress significantly reduced plant growth as well as Rhizobium-legume symbiosis in both alfalfa varieties. Nodulation was completely inhibited under salt stress conditions for both alfalfa varieties. Rhizobium and Pseudomonas co-inoculation moderated the negative effects of salinity on measured plant growth characteristics. Bacterial treatment significantly increased P and N contents and decreased accumulation of Na + in plant at salinity condition.
Effect of CNTF on retinal ganglion cell survival in experimental glaucoma.

PURPOSE To assess the neuroprotective effect of virally mediated overexpression of ciliary-derived neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in experimental rat glaucoma. METHODS Laser-induced glaucoma was produced in one eye of 224 Wistar rats after injection of adenoassociated viral vectors (type 2) containing either CNTF, BDNF, or both, with saline-injected eyes and noninjected glaucomatous eyes serving as the control. IOP was measured with a hand-held tonometer, and semiautomated optic nerve axon counts were performed by masked observers. IOP exposure over time was adjusted in multivariate regression analysis to calculate the effect of CNTF and BDNF. RESULTS By multivariate regression, CNTF had a significant protective effect, with 15% less RGC axon death (P < 0.01). Both combined CNTF-BDNF and BDNF overexpression alone had no statistically significant improvement in RGC axon survival. By Western blot, there was a quantitative increase in CNTF and BDNF expression in retinas exposed to single viral vectors carrying each gene, but no increase with sequential injection of both vectors. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm that CNTF can exert a protective effect in experimental glaucoma. The reason for the lack of observed effect in the BDNF overexpression groups is unclear, but it may be a function of the level of neurotrophin expression achieved.
Nucleosome Positioning Is Independent of Histone H1in Vivo *

Nucleosome positioning in the somatic macronuclear genome of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila was analyzed by indirect end labeling. Nucleosomes were positioned nonrandomly in three different regions of theTetrahymena genome. Nucleosome repeat length varied between adjacent nucleosomes. Nucleosome positioning in a histone H1 knockout strain was indistinguishable from that in a strain with wild type histone H1.
Biomechanical Assessment of Locked Plating for the Fixation of Patella Fractures

Objective: To analyze the mechanical stability of locked plating in comparison with tension-band wiring for the fixation of fractures of the patella. Methods: Biomechanical tests were performed on artificial foam patella specimens comparing an angular stable plate and monocortical screws with tension-band wiring. Tests were performed under combined tension and bending until failure simulating physiological loading of the tibia during walking. Results: Tension-band wiring failed at 66% of the failure load of plating (1052 N, P = 0.002) and had 5 times larger fracture gap displacements (P = 0.002). Conclusions: Based on the biomechanical advantages, locked plating of the patella may constitute a reasonable alternative in the treatment of patella fractures.
Temporal and Spatial Comparison of Agricultural Drought Indices from Moderate Resolution Satellite Soil Moisture Data over Northwest Spain

During the last decade, a variety of agricultural drought indices have been developed using soil moisture (SM), or any of its surrogates, as the primary drought indicator. In this study, a comprehensive study of four innovative SM-based indices, the Soil Water Deficit Index (SWDI), the Soil Moisture Agricultural Drought Index (SMADI), the Soil Moisture Deficit Index (SMDI) and the Soil Wetness Deficit Index (SWetDI), is conducted over a large semi-arid crop region in northwest Spain. The indices were computed on a weekly basis from June 2010 to December 2016 using 1-km satellite SM estimations from Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and/or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The temporal dynamics of the indices were compared to two well-known agricultural drought indices, the atmospheric water deficit (AWD) and the crop moisture index (CMI), to analyze the levels of similarity, correlation, seasonality and number of weeks with drought. In addition, the spatial distribution and intensities of the indices were assessed under dry and wet SM conditions at the beginning of the growing season. The results showed that the SWDI and SMADI were the appropriate indices for developing an efficient drought monitoring system, with higher significant correlation coefficients (R ≈ 0.5–0.8) when comparing with the AWD and CMI, whereas lower values (R ≤ 0.3) were obtained for the SMDI and SWetDI.
An efficient routing protocol for the QoS support of large‐scale MANETs

The hierarchical routing algorithm is categorized as a kind of routing method using node clustering to create a hierarchical structure in large‐scale mobile ad hoc network (LMANET). In this paper, we proposed a new hierarchical clustering algorithm (HCAL) and a corresponded protocol for hierarchical routing in LMANET. The HCAL is designed based on a cost metric in the form of the link expiration time and node's relative degree. Correspondingly, the routing protocol for HCAL adopts a reactive protocol to control the existing cluster head (CH) nodes and handle proactive nodes to be considered as a cluster in LMANET. Hierarchical clustering algorithm jointly utilizes table‐driven and on‐demand routing by using a combined weight metric to search dominant set of nodes. This set is composed by link expiration time and node's relative degree to establish the intra/intercommunication paths in LMANET. The performance of the proposed algorithm and protocol is numerically evaluated in average end‐to‐end delay, number of CH per round, iteration count between the CHs, average CH keeping time, normalized routing overhead, and packet delivery ratio over a number of randomly generated benchmark scenarios. Furthermore, to corroborate the actual effectiveness of the HCAL algorithm, extensive performance comparisons are carried out with some state‐of‐the‐art routing algorithms, namely, Dynamic Doppler Velocity Clustering, Signal Characteristic‐Based Clustering, Dynamic Link Duration Clustering, and mobility‐based clustering algorithms.
Modeling the Effects of Combining Diverse Software Fault Detection Techniques

Considers what happens when several different fault-finding techniques are used together. The effectiveness of such multi-technique approaches depends upon a quite subtle interplay between their individual efficacies. The modeling tool we use to study this problem is closely related to earlier work on software design diversity which showed that it would be unreasonable even to expect software versions that were developed truly independently to fail independently of one another. The key idea was a "difficulty function" over the input space. Later work extended these ideas to introduce a notion of "forced" diversity. In this paper, we show that many of these results for design diversity have counterparts in diverse fault detection in a single software version. We define measures of fault-finding effectiveness and diversity, and show how these might be used to give guidance for the optimal application of different fault-finding procedures to a particular program. The effects on reliability of repeated applications of a particular fault-finding procedure are not statistically independent; such an incorrect assumption of independence will always give results that are too optimistic. For diverse fault-finding procedures, it is possible for effectiveness to be even greater than it would be under an assumption of statistical independence. Diversity of fault-finding procedures is a good thing and should be applied as widely as possible. The model is illustrated using some data from an experimental investigation into diverse fault-finding on a railway signalling application.
3D‐liquid chromatography as a complex mixture characterization tool for knowledge‐based downstream process development

Knowledge‐based development of chromatographic separation processes requires efficient techniques to determine the physicochemical properties of the product and the impurities to be removed. These characterization techniques are usually divided into approaches that determine molecular properties, such as charge, hydrophobicity and size, or molecular interactions with auxiliary materials, commonly in the form of adsorption isotherms. In this study we demonstrate the application of a three‐dimensional liquid chromatography approach to a clarified cell homogenate containing a therapeutic enzyme. Each separation dimension determines a molecular property relevant to the chromatographic behavior of each component. Matching of the peaks across the different separation dimensions and against a high‐resolution reference chromatogram allows to assign the determined parameters to pseudo‐components, allowing to determine the most promising technique for the removal of each impurity. More detailed process design using mechanistic models requires isotherm parameters. For this purpose, the second dimension consists of multiple linear gradient separations on columns in a high‐throughput screening compatible format, that allow regression of isotherm parameters with an average standard error of 8%. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 32:1283–1291, 2016