Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Species of Bent-Toe Gecko (Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus) from Sulawesi Island, Eastern Indonesia

A new species of Cyrtodactylus is described from Lore-Lindu National Park, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia. It is distinguished from all other Cyrtodactylus by a unique suite of scalation characters and a distinctive color pattern. The new species is the fourth Cyrtodactylus known from the island of Sulawesi and one of two new species found in 2004. These recent discoveries suggest that the diversity of the herpetofauna in Wallacea, a poorly studied biological “hotspot,” may be far richer than previously thought.
A Gait Trajectory Control Scheme Through Successive Approximation Based on Radial Basis Function Neural Networks for the Lower Limb Exoskeleton Robot

Stability control is critical to the exoskeleton robot controller design. Considering the complex structural characteristics of lower limb exoskeleton robots, the major challenge of the controller design is the accuracy and uncertainty of the dynamics model. To fill in this research gap, this study proposes successive approximation-based radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs). The proposed model simplifies the lower limb exoskeleton robot as three degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF) model with the human hip joints for adduction/extension, bending/extension, and internal/external rotation. To minimize the gait tracking errors and stabilize the closed-loop system, a gait trajectory-based control and approximation model was proposed in this study. To verify the proposed method, a validation experiment was conducted for typical lower limb motions. The experiment results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Joint Effects of Leader–Member Exchange and Team-Member Exchange in Predicting Job Crafting

In order to better understand the social aspects of job crafting, this study explores the direct and interactive effects of leader–member exchange (LMX) and team-member exchange (TMX) on three types of job crafting (i.e., task, relational, and cognitive crafting). Drawing on both social exchange theory and the job demands–resources model, this study examines the social antecedents of job crafting in a sample of 336 members of three shipbuilding companies. The results indicate that individuals who have high-quality relationships with their leaders engage in more job crafting and that TMX is positively related to job crafting, after controlling for LMX. In addition, the results show that TMX moderates the positive relationship between LMX and job crafting, such that a higher TMX strengthens the LMX–job crafting link. The implications of these findings for job crafting and social antecedents are discussed, and suggestions for future research are presented.
The Ultrastructure of the Daughter Sporocyst Tegument of Cercaria vaullegeardi Pelseneer (Digenea, Hemiuridae)

The body wall of the daughter sporocyst of Cercaria vaullegeardi Pelseneer, 1906 is unusual for a species without a birth pore in consisting of an outer anucleated, microvillous syncytial tegument and a cellular subtegument which lacks secretory cells. In contrast, most other known daughter sporocysts without birth pores have a nucleated region above the microvillous region of the tegument. The significance and functional aspects of this structure are discussed.
Analysis and Design of Full-Bridge Converter With a Simple Passive Auxiliary Circuit Achieving Adaptive Peak Current for ZVS and Low Circulating Current

This article presents the analysis and design considerations of a phase shift full-bridge converter with a new simple and reliable passive auxiliary circuit for zero-voltage switching (ZVS) operation. The steady-state behavior of the converter is analyzed in detail. The contribution of the energy stored to both auxiliary circuit and leakage inductance is considered in the analysis of ZVS condition, the auxiliary current adjustment ability and the rms circulating current of the auxiliary circuit are described, and the impacts of narrow frequency variation on the converter are analyzed. The design procedures based on analytical models considering phase shift angle and input voltage variation are presented, which gives basic parameter configurations for the converter operating at a fixed frequency. The function model between the switching frequency and phase shift angle is established, which is helpful to design and optimize the converter operating at an adaptive frequency to reduce circulating current. In the proposed converter, the auxiliary current is adaptively controlled and has a sharp peak current, so the circulating current and conduction loss are greatly reduced. An experimental prototype is implemented to confirm the predicted results.
A Survey on SCADA Systems: Secure Protocols, Incidents, Threats and Tactics

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are the underlying monitoring and control components of critical infrastructures, such as power, telecommunication, transportation, pipelines, chemicals and manufacturing plants. Legacy SCADA systems operated on isolated networks, that made them less exposed to Internet threats. However, the increasing connection of SCADA systems to the Internet, as well as corporate networks, introduces severe security issues. Security considerations for SCADA systems are gaining higher attention, as the number of security incidents against these critical infrastructures is increasing. In this survey, we provide an overview of the general SCADA architecture, along with a detailed description of the SCADA communication protocols. Additionally, we discuss certain high-impact security incidents, objectives, and threats. Furthermore, we carry out an extensive review of the security proposals and tactics that aim to secure SCADA systems. We also discuss the state of SCADA system security. Finally, we present the current research trends and future advancements of SCADA security.
Observational signatures of carbon–oxygen white dwarf merger remnants

Many double white dwarf (WD) mergers likely do not lead to a prompt thermonuclear explosion. We investigate the prospects for observationally detecting the surviving remnants of such mergers, focusing on the case of mergers of double Carbon–Oxygen WDs. For ∼104 yr, the merger remnant is observationally similar to an extreme AGB star evolving to become a massive WD. Identifying merger remnants is thus easiest in galaxies with high-stellar masses (high WD merger rate) and low star formation rates (low birth rate of ∼6–10 M⊙ stars). Photometrically identifying merger remnants is challenging even in these cases because the merger remnants appear similar to He stars and post-outburst classical novae. We propose that the most promising technique for discovering WD merger remnants is through their unusual surrounding photoionized nebulae. We use CLOUDY photoionization calculations to investigate their unique spectral features. Merger remnants should produce weak hydrogen lines, strong carbon and oxygen recombination, and fine-structure lines in the UV, optical and IR. With narrow-band imaging or integral field spectrographs, we predict that multiple candidates are detectable in the bulge of M31, the outskirts of M87 and other nearby massive galaxies, and the Milky Way. Our models roughly reproduce the WISE nebula surrounding the Galactic WD merger candidate IRAS 00500+6713; we predict detectable [Ne vi] and [Mg vii] lines with JWST but that the mid-IR WISE emission is dominated by dust not fine-structure lines.
Efeito da temperatura no crescimento micelial, produção e germinação de conídios de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, isolados de frutos de palmeira juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart)

A palmeira jucara (Euterpe edulis) e uma das especies mais importantes da Mata Atlântica. E. edulis faz parte da lista das especies florestais ameacadas de extincao. A antracnose, causada por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, e a principal doenca do fruto da jucara. O patogeno prejudica a germinacao das sementes e pode causar perda total da producao da polpa do fruto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influencia da temperatura no desenvolvimento de quatro isolados de C. gloeosporioides obtidos de frutos de jucara. Os isolados foram obtidos de frutos doentes da regiao de Paraty-RJ e Ubatuba-SP. Dos isolamentos monosporicos de C. gloeosporioides, discos de micelio com 7 mm de diâmetro foram transferidos para placas de Petri contendo meio BDA e submetidos as temperaturas de 20o, 25o, 28o, 32o e 35oC durante sete dias sob fotoperiodo de 12 horas em câmara tipo BOD. Foram avaliados as variaveis: crescimento micelial diariamente por meio de medicoes ortogonais na placa, producao e germinacao de conidios aos sete dias de idade (inoculacao). A maior taxa de crescimento micelial de C. gloeosporioides ocorreu aos 28oC, seguida pela temperatura de 25oC. A producao de conidios foi maior a 28oC, seguida na temperatura de 30oC. A germinacao de conidios foi maior a 28oC atingindo 84% a 87%. Concluiu-se que o crescimento micelial, a producao e germinacao dos conidios dos isolados de C. gloeosporioides e maior na temperatura de 28oC.
Movements and Habitat Interactions of White-tailed Deer: Implications for Chronic Wasting Disease Management

Abstract We studied the seasonal home range of individual white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) as it related to landscape pattern (forest-edge density; the ratio of agriculture to forest), local deer density, and harvest intensity in a population managed for control of chronic wasting disease in south central Wisconsin. The ratio of agriculture to forest showed strong positive correlation to home range size for most age and sex classes, while forest edge density was inversely related to home range size for adult females. Individual home range size proved largely independent of density and harvest intensity. It is likely that socio-spatial factors (i.e., fidelity) and the availability of food and cover influence home range size more strongly than hunting pressures or density reductions. This suggests localized reductions may create areas of low density without changing the behavior patterns of the population. Our findings suggest a more spatially-targeted effort to reduce density, by removal of social groups, in areas where chronic wasting disease is present may provide better efficacy in reducing potential for disease transmission.
Fatty Acid Compositions of Various Tissue Lipids in the Marine Bivalves, Megangulus venulosus and Megangulus zyonoensis, from Coastal Waters of Hokkaido, Northern Japan

Various tissue lipids from the marine bivalves, Megangulus venulosus (M. venulosus) and Megangulus zyonoensis (M. zyonoensis), were analyzed for comparison of major fatty acids and their distribution. The main fatty acid components in this genus in all tissues were found to be 16:0 (11.0-15.2%), 18:0 (4.1-8.6%), 20:5n-3 (13.3-25.6%) and 22:6n-3 (8.1-16.7%), with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids most abundant. The proportion of 20:5n-3 was higher in M. zyonoensis than in M. venulosus, and 22:6n-3 was higher in M. venulosus than in M. zyonoensis. The proportions of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were highest in muscle tissue lipids from M. venulosus and M. zyonoensis, at 33.1% and 36.2%, respectively. The distribution of major fatty acid components in neutral (NL) and polar lipids (PL) was determined, with 16:0 and 20:5n-3 shown for NL, and 16:0, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 for PL. The proportion of 22:6n-3 in NL and PL differed significantly, 22:6n-3 being much higher in PL. The main branched fatty acid component, 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoic acid, was found mainly in PL of viscera tissues from either species. In addition, 2-hydroxypentadecanoic, 2-hydroxyhexadecanoic and 2-hydroxyheptadecanoic acids were also found to be present in the two species and this presence of 2-hydroxy fatty acids in the genus Megangulus is reported here for the first time.
Stability Enhancing Voltage Feed-Forward Inverter Control Method to Reduce the Effects of Phase-Locked Loop and Grid Impedance

Phase-locked loop (PLL) and grid impedance easily negatively affect the stability of the grid-connected inverter system and even cause the system oscillation. To suppress this oscillation, a stability enhancing voltage feed-forward inverter control method is proposed to reduce the effects of PLL and grid impedance. Then, considering the effects of the frequency coupling characteristic, the admittance model of the grid-connected inverter with the proposed stability enhancing control method is established, and the admittance characteristic and the system stability of the inverters with the traditional control method and the proposed stability enhancing control method are compared and analyzed. Analysis results indicate that the proposed stability enhancing control method improves the system stability in different short-circuit ratio (SCR) conditions. What is more, the system with the proposed stability enhancing control method keeps stable under a relative larger PLL bandwidth, while the system with the traditional control method oscillates. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed stability enhancing control method is verified by experiments.
A Bioenergetics Model for Analysis of Food Consumption Patterns of Bloater in Lake Michigan

Abstract We developed a bioenergetics model for bloater Coregonus hoyi based on a synthesis of studies on the energetics of bloater and other coregonines. This model was applied to the Lake Michigan population with information on water content, gonad weight, energy density, diet, and thermal history. Water content (inversely correlated with energy density) of nonspawning Lake Michigan bloaters decreased linearly with increasing weight for fish smaller than 155 g. Model results indicated comparatively small seasonal changes in consumption, a result of high consumption by bloaters at low temperatures and relatively small differences in the temperatures of occupied water between winter and summer. Growth rates and food conversion efficiencies of bloater estimated from the model were higher by factors of 2–4 than comparable values for the alewife Alosa pseudoharengus, indicating that Lake Michigan could support a higher biomass of native coregonines than of the introduced alewife. Bioenergetics estimates of a.
Similarity Based Information Retrieval Using Levenshtein Distance Algorithm

Sentence similarity plays an important role in many text-related research and applications such as information retrieval, information recommendation, natural language processing, machine translation and translation memory, and etc. Calculating similarity between sentences is the basis of measuring the similarity between texts which is the key to document classification and clustering. Sentence similarity partially depends on the word similarity. This system will display a similar text of field, areas and other facts in document retrieval. This paper uses a sentence matching method of the Levenshtein Distance algorithm. Thesimilarity between words can be calculated from the spelling of words or the meaning of words. Sentence similarity: The similarities between words in different sentences have a great influence on the similarity between two sentences. This system is retrieved from a similar sentence that included Theories, Methods and other facts in the document database.
Negative Latency Recognition Method for Fine-Grained Gestures Based on Terahertz Radar

Noncontact gesture recognition is gradually being applied to emerging applications, such as smart cars and smart phones. Negative latency gesture recognition (recognition before a gesture is finished) is desirable due to the instantaneous feedback. However, it is difficult for existing methods to achieve a high precision and negative latency gesture recognition. A fragment can provide too few features to directly identify all gestures well. By observing a large number of existing gesture sets and people’s daily operating habits, we found that some high frequency used gestures are similar. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to redivide the gestures into two subsets according to their movement physical states. We divided the gestures with different shapes or motion states into a parent-class subset, and further divided each pair of parent-class gestures to obtain a child-class subset. In order to achieve a better tradeoff between the high-precision and negative latency, an approach of motion pattern and behavior intention (MPBI) is proposed. Taking full advantage of the characteristics of each subset, MPBI includes two models. First, pattern model coarsely classify the parent-class gestures by a convolutional network, and then intention model further classifies child-class gestures according to their opposite motion direction. MPBI is evaluated on a 340-GHz terahertz radar. With the advantage of its accurate ranging, intention model can recognize child-class gestures directly without training. MPBI is evaluated on 12 gestures and achieves a recognition accuracy of 94.13%, which only needs a 0.033-s gesture fragment as an input sample.
Amino acids in biofilm material on aluminium panels immersed in marine waters

Suspended particulate matter (SPM) and the biofilm material on aluminium panels immersed in the surface waters (∼ 1m) of Dona Paula Bay over a period of 10 d were analysed for their organic carbon (OC), organic nitrogen; (ON) and total hydrolyzable amino acids (THAA) concentrations; and for their composition. The OC, ON and THAA concentrations of the SPM did not vary much during the sampling period. As compared to this, on the aluminium panels the biofilm biomass (measured as OC and ON) and the biofilm THAA showed a non‐linear increase over the period of immersion. Carbon and nitrogen in the THAA varied from 6.61 to 23.52% of the total OC and 23.90 to 35.04% of the total ON of the biofilm material, and from 16.10 to 18.90% of the total OC and 36.63 to 52.04% of the total ON of the SPM. Aspartic acid, glycine, alanine, serine, leucine and lysine and glutamic acid were the most abundant individual amino acids in both the biofilm material and the SPM. The distribution of individual amino acids was very simil.
Performance Analysis of NOMA Assisted Mobile Ad Hoc Networks for Sustainable Future Radio Access

In this paper, we consider the use of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) assisted mobile ad-hoc networking (MANET) for sustainable future radio access. We analyze the performance of the considered NOMA based system over Nakagami-m fading channels for the downlink scenario. In particular, we derive the closed-form expression of bit-error rate (BER) at the end users supported by the ad-hoc networks cooperated through the near NOMA user as well as through the far NOMA user. Further, we also derive the closed-form expression for the ergodic capacity and packet error rate for the considered system. Based on the obtained results, the impact of the power allocation coefficient over the performance of the considered system is analyzed to determine the optimal power allocation coefficient. The analytical results are corroborated with the simulations for various parameters to validate the analysis. It is observed that the NOMA assisted MANET system outperforms the conventional orthogonal multiple access based system in terms of ergodic capacity.
Bird functional diversity enhances insectivory at forest edges: a transcontinental experiment

The role of bird–insect interactions in shaping bird distribution patterns at the landscape scale has been seldom investigated. In mosaic landscapes, bird functional diversity is considered to be an important driver of avian insectivory, but depends on forest fragmentation and edge effects from adjacent, non‐forest habitats. In a transcontinental experiment, we investigated edge and landscape effects on bird functional diversity and insectivory in mosaic landscapes of mixed forests and open habitats.
MINOTAUR: Multi-task Video Grounding From Multimodal Queries

Video understanding tasks take many forms, from action detection to visual query localization and spatio-temporal grounding of sentences. These tasks differ in the type of inputs (only video, or video-query pair where query is an image region or sentence) and outputs (temporal segments or spatio-temporal tubes). However, at their core they require the same fundamental understanding of the video, i.e., the actors and objects in it, their actions and interactions. So far these tasks have been tackled in isolation with individual, highly specialized architectures, which do not exploit the interplay between tasks. In contrast, in this paper, we present a single, unified model for tackling query-based video understanding in long-form videos. In particular, our model can address all three tasks of the Ego4D Episodic Memory benchmark which entail queries of three different forms: given an egocentric video and a visual, textual or activity query, the goal is to determine when and where the answer can be seen within the video. Our model design is inspired by recent query-based approaches to spatio-temporal grounding, and contains modality-specific query encoders and task-specific sliding window inference that allow multi-task training with diverse input modalities and different structured outputs. We exhaustively analyze relationships among the tasks and illustrate that cross-task learning leads to improved performance on each individual task, as well as the ability to generalize to unseen tasks, such as zero-shot spatial localization of language queries.
AIC MODEL SELECTION IN OVERDISPERSED CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA'

Selection of a proper model as a basis for statistical inference from capture- recapture data is critical. This is especially so when using open models in the analysis of multiple, interrelated data sets (e.g., males and females, with 2-3 age classes, over 3-5 areas and 10-15 yr). The most general model considered for such data sets might contain 1000 survival and recapture parameters. This paper presents numerical results on three information-theoretic methods for model selection when the data are overdispersed (i.e., a lack of independence so that extra-binomial variation occurs). Akaike's information criterion (AIC), a second-order adjustment to AIC for bias (AICc), and a dimension- consistent criterion (CAIC) were modified using an empirical estimate of the average overdispersion, based on quasi-likelihood theory. Quality of model selection was evaluated based on the Euclidian distance between standardized a and 0 (parameter 0 is vector valued); this quantity (a type of residual sum of squares, hence denoted as RSS) is a combination of squared bias and variance. Five results seem to be of general interest for these product- multinomial models. First, when there was overdispersion the most direct estimator of the variance inflation factor was positively biased and the relative bias increased with the amount of overdispersion. Second, AIC and AICc, unadjusted for overdispersion using quasi-likelihood theory, performed poorly in selecting a model with a small RSS value when the data were overdispersed (i.e., overfitted models were selected when compared to the model with the minimum RRS value). Third, the information-theoretic criteria, ad- justed for overdispersion, performed well, selected parismonious models, and had a good balance between under- and overfitting the data. Fourth, generally, the dimension-consis- tent criterion selected models with fewer parameters than the other criteria, had smaller RSS values, but clearly was in error by underfitting when compared with the model with the minimum RSS value. Fifth, even if the true model structure (but not the actual pa- rameter values in the model) is known, that true model, when fitted to the data (by parameter estimation) is a relatively poor basis for statistical inference when that true model includes several, let alone many, estimated parameters that are not significantly different from 0.