Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High spectral purity CW oscillation and pulse generation in optoelectronic microwave oscillator

A tunable optoelectronic oscillator generating a microwave output signal at 1 GHz with an extremely low phase noise is presented. The oscillator was also operated as a pulse generator, making use of the inherent nonlinearity of an intracavity electro-optic modulator. Pulses of 1-2 ns in duration at repetition rates of 20-200 MHz were generated.
Convergence of iterative decoding

A novel method for visualising the convergence behaviour of iterative decoding schemes is proposed. Each constituent decoder is represented by a mutual information transfer characteristic which describes the flow of extrinsic information through the soft in/soft out decoder. The exchange of extrinsic information between constituent decoders is plotted in an extrinsic information transfer chart. The concepts are illustrated for an iterative demapping and decoding scheme.
New materials for electromagnetic shielding: Metal foams with plasma properties

In this article, the use of metal foams for shielding problems is investigated on the bases of an “effective medium approach. ” Specifically, a shielding effectiveness analysis has been performed by modeling metal foams as a homogeneous medium described by a plasma dispersion profile.The suggested approach is experimentally validated demonstrating that metal foams behave like a plasma medium, with a plasma frequency in the microwave range. The proposed effective medium approach has also been implemented both with a proprietary and with a commercial full‐wave simulator. Results demonstrate that, by using the plasma model, general electromagnetic analysis of metal foams can be performed with common simulators and with affordable computational efforts. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1700–1705, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25309
Neurocognition and Social Cognition— Possibilities for Diagnosis and Treatment in Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis State

In recent decades, clinicians have developed the construct of ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis to characterize the prodromal phase of psychosis or classify people with weakly expressed psychotic symptoms. In this conceptual analysis, we have gathered up-to-date data about the clinical picture of neurocognition and social cognition in people at UHR for psychosis. We also discuss treatment options. A well-chosen therapeutic approach can help to deal with difficulties and delay or even prevent the development of full-blown psychotic disorders in the UHR group. Despite much evidence supporting the benefits of therapy, early interventions are still not as widely used as they should be. Thus, a better understanding of the UHR state is very important for all healthcare workers.
A modular approach for probe-fed and capacitively coupled multilayered patch arrays

We present a modular technique for analyzing probe-fed, multilayered microstrip phased-array antennas. Each patch layer is assumed to be infinite in extent and represented by its generalized scattering matrix (GSM) with respect to a finite number of Floquet modes. For multilayer patch analysis, the individual GSMs are combined appropriately to yield the overall GSM of the structure. The individual GSM are obtained using the Galerkin method. The probe layer is represented by its generalized impedance matrix (GIM) which is deduced using Floquet modal analysis and the variational method. The GSMs and GIM are combined appropriately to yield the input impedance seen by the probe. Numerical results computed with this technique are shown to agree favorably with available data. Results for two-layered patch arrays and capacitively coupled patches are also presented.
Bandpass distributed amplifier design guidelines

A systematic approach to the design of GaAs FET bandpass distributed amplifiers is presented for the first time. The graphical design procedures presented enable one to examine the trade-offs between the design variables and arrive at the appropriate design for a specified gain and bandwidth. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Temperature Field of Repetitive Laser Pulse Irradiation and its Effect on Laser Surface Hardening

Analytical expressions for the temperature rise in a semi-infinite workpiece due to the heating with CW and repetitive laser pulse irradiation have been derived. It has been shown that the soaking time at a temperature above the phase transformation temperature, on which the homogeneity of microstructure and the depth of hardening depend, can be increased by heating with repetitive laser pulses. Experimental results of surface hardening of high-carbon steel with repetitive laser pulses showed higher depth of hardening and better microstructure homogeneity compared to those with continuous wave laser.
A micro-place evaluation of the relationship between ‘risky places’ and risk perceptions

Abstract The movement towards micro-place level assessments has contributed to the growing popularity of place-based police strategies. Complementing this movement, risk terrain modeling (RTM) is a methodological approach that identifies a micro-place’s vulnerability to crime by considering the combined spatial influences of physical features of the landscape linked to criminal behavior, along with past crime exposure. Given the growing popularity of this tool, studies that explore how RTM contributes to prior knowledge on crime risk are of great value. Our study is the first to expand upon previous applications of RTM by integrating the insights from the risk and decisions sciences to consider the perspective of potential crime victims. This type of evaluation can shed light on factors related to victimization and inform police strategies. To this end, our study utilizes a mixed-method approach to examine whether participants’ perceptions of risk determined from visual inspections of micro-places correspond to statistical (or objective) risk produced from a risk terrain model of robbery in downtown Detroit, Michigan. Participants were randomly assigned to receive a low, medium, or high risk micro-place, and asked to respond to a series of questions that measured their risk perceptions. Overall, participants’ perceptions of their risk of being robbed were the inverse of that predicted by our risk terrain model. Our qualitative analysis suggests that this disconnect can be largely explained by the presence of people and lighting. In a follow-up study, we alter the levels of people and lighting at low and high risk micro-places. We found that high levels of people an lighting play a dominant role in informing risk perceptions, superseding all other considerations. We discuss the implications of our findings for crime prevention, as well as our study’s limitations and directions for future research. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2021. 2001672 .
Processing and Analytics of Big Network Traffic Data for Intrusion Detection

Processing and analyzing a vast amount of data, in order to keep computer systems safe from attacks and intrusions, is a very time-consuming process. The solution for this problem is the development of distributed firewalls and antivirus programs that use machine-learning algorithms for data analytics and can perform security-related tasks in almost real-time. Developed distributed firewall that uses ML algorithms is presented. The proposed solution was implemented and tested over a big dataset in a short time period to measure its speed and accuracy.
How to Retrieve Music using Mood Tags in a Folksonomy

A folksonomy is a classification system in which volunteers collaboratively create and manage tags to annotate and categorize content. The folksonomy has several problems in retrieving music using tags, including problems related to synonyms, different tagging levels, and neologisms. To solve the problem posed by synonyms, we introduced a mood vector with 12 possible moods, each represented by a numeric value, as an internal tag. This allows moods in music pieces and mood tags to be represented internally by numeric values, which can be used to retrieve music pieces. To determine the mood vector of a music piece, 12 regressors predicting the possibility of each mood based on acoustic features were built using Support Vector Regression. To map a tag to its mood vector, the relationship between moods in a piece of music and mood tags was investigated based on tagging data retrieved from Last.fm, a website that allows users to search for and stream music. To evaluate retrieval performance, music pieces on Last.fm annotated with at least one mood tag were used as a test set. When calculating precision and recall, music pieces annotated with synonyms of a given query tag were treated as relevant. These experiments on a real-world data set illustrate the utility of the internal tagging of music. Our approach offers a practical solution to the problem caused by synonyms.
A new empirical I-V model for HEMT devices

We have developed a new empirical model to represent the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of HEMT devices. This model is simple and yet capable of representing the HEMT I-V characteristics with high accuracy. Excellent modeling of the measured drain current, its first (transconductance), second, and third derivatives with respect to gate voltage for multiple drain biases is demonstrated. A simple model extraction procedure has been developed and is described in the letter.
A Self-Contained Portable Polymerase-Chain-Reaction System Integrated with Electromagnetic Mini-Actuators for Bi-Directional Fluid Transport

In this paper, the development of a portable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) device is presented. Integrating electromagnetic mini-actuators for bi-directional fluid transport, the proposed device, whose dimension is 67mm  66mm  25mm, can be fully operated with a 5V DC voltage. The device consists of four major parts: A disposable channel chip in which PCR mixture is manipulated and reacted, a heater chip which generates different temperature zones for PCR reaction, a linear actuator array for pumping PCR mixture, and a circuit module for controlling and driving the system. The advantages of the device include the rapid temperature responses associated with continuous-flow-type PCR devices, as well as the programmable thermal cycling associated with chamber-type PCR devices. The thermal characteristics are measured and discussed. PCR amplification is successfully performed for the 122 bp segment of MCF-7/adr cell line. Due to its small footprint, this self-contained system potentially can be employed for point-of-care (POC) applications.
Battery Calendar Life Estimator Manual Modeling and Simulation

The Battery Life Estimator (BLE) Manual has been prepared to assist developers in their efforts to estimate the calendar life of advanced batteries for automotive applications. Testing requirements and procedures are defined by the various manuals previously published under the United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC). The purpose of this manual is to describe and standardize a method for estimating calendar life based on statistical models and degradation data acquired from typical USABC battery testing.
Dynamics of changes in the ultrastructural characteristics of the mucosa and cartilage of the larynx of rats at the end of 35 and 42 days of experimental opioid exposure and after 56 days with opioid withdrawal

In our work, we studied the ultrastructural organization of rat laryngeal mucosa and cartilage at the end of 35 and 42 days of experimental opioid exposure and at the end of 56 days with opioid withdrawal. As a result of our study at the end of the 35th day at the ultrastructural level revealed hypersecretion of goblet cells, mucus contained impurities of lymphocytes, single neutrophils and erythrocytes. In the enlarged lumens of the hemocapillaries of the lamina propria of the mucous membrane and submucosal base of different parts of the larynx, the adhesion of erythrocytes was noted. At the end of 42 days in rats, the changes were characterized by moderate damage to cytoplasmic organelles in epitheliocytes. Alternative changes developed in the chondrocytes of elastic and hyaline cartilages. Marked by an increase in the number of active fibroblasts, next to which were numerous fibrils of collagen fibers. The main substance of connective tissue, near dilated vessels, was impregnated with transudate, which was accompanied by the development of perivasal edema. Glycogen grains and vacuoles filled with neutral fats were visualized in the cytoplasm of chondrocytes.At the end of 56 days in rats with two-week withdrawal of the opioid analgesic, we found the development of alternative processes in the epitheliocytes of different parts of the larynx, as well as in chondrocytes, especially in elastic cartilage. Dyscirculatory processes in vessels of own plate of a mucous membrane and a submucous basis of various departments of a larynx were registered. Necrotic changes developed in the columnar epitheliocytes of the submucosal mucosa. Mitochondria swelled, their matrix brightened, cristae collapsed. The results of the article correspond to the research plan of Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University and are part of the research topic of the Department of Normal Anatomy "Morphofunctional features of organs in pre - and postnatal periods of ontogenesis, under the influence of opioids, food supplements, reconstructive surgery and obesity" 0120U002129) during 2020 - 2024.
GEOTECHNICAL DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

For many geotechnical projects in both the field and the laboratory, there is a trend toward using automatic data acquisition systems to collect information. This usually leads to the generation of a large volume of data, which can be effectively handled and processed only through the use of a data management system. This paper describes a data management system for capturing data from geotechnical projects. The system is developed using a relational concept, so as to make use of available microcomputer‐based relational data‐base management software. A special feature of the system is the dual use of a characteristics file to store attributes of the instruments and tests, as well as to serve as an index for accessing data in the numerous files that will exist. The system is implemented using the dBASE III Plus data‐base management software. Three examples illustrate the input of data into the system, the protection of system integrity, and the retrieval of data from the system.
An eXtreme gradient boosting algorithm combining artificial bee colony parameters optimized technique for single sand body identification

Due to the problems of traditional artificial single sand body identification methods such as strong subjectivity, heavy workload and low efficiency, we propose a fast and objective ABC-XGBoost. The algorithm consists of two parts: eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC). XGBoost introduces a regular term, which can effectively prevent overfitting, and uses the second derivative to make the identification result more accurate. However, a large number of parameters in XGBoost need to be adjusted manually, which affects the efficiency of the algorithm. In this regard, ABC is used to optimize the parameters based on XGBoost, and then the single sand body can be identified quickly and effectively. We take the C612 oil-bearing layer in the second area of Dalugou, Jing’an Oilfield as the research object, and use the ABC-XGBoost to identify the single sand body in the research area. Based on the reasonable selection of physical parameter data and logging data, the partition and interlayer data should be eliminated first to avoid data redundancy. The results indicate that ABC-XGBoost is more efficient and accurate than the existing mainstream machine algorithms, such as support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), and XGBoost using trial and error tuning under the same logging data and computer hardware conditions. The accuracy can reach 90.6%, which has certain practical application value in the middle and late development of oil and gas fields.
A novel current-sharing control technique for low-voltage high-current voltage regulator module applications

Future generations of microprocessors are expected to exhibit much heavier loads and much faster transient slew rates. Today's voltage regulator module (VRM) will need a large amount of extra decoupling and output filter capacitors to meet future requirements, which will basically make the existing VRM topologies impractical. As a candidate topology, the interleaved quasisquare-wave (QSW) VRM exhibits very good performance, such as a fast transient response and a very high power density. The difficulty with the application of the interleaved parallel technology is the current-sharing control. In this paper, a novel current-sensing and current-sharing technique is proposed. With this technique, current sharing can be controlled simply in parallel converters without a current transformer and current-sensing resistors. In addition, this technique can be easily integrated with an IC chip. The four-module paralleled QSW VRM is used to evaluate this technique. Experimental results verify that with this technique, the VRM has a high power density, high efficiency and a fast transient response. The concept of the current sharing technique is also generalized and extended.
Facile Synthesis of Cu-Zn Binary Oxide Coupled Cadmium Tungstate (Cu-ZnBO-Cp-CT) with Enhanced Performance of Dye Adsorption

This study reports the synthesis of copper–zinc binary oxide coupled cadmium tungstate through a simple bio-precipitation method followed by calcination at 600 °C and its adsorption application. The characterization analysis reveals that the prepared composite has low particles size (nano-range), high porosity, and functional groups on the surface. The calcination of sample at 600 °C causes some essential function groups to disappear on the surface. Prepared composite was found to be effective adsorptive material to treat Congo red dye in aqueous solution. 2.5 g L−1 dose of adsorbent could remove more than 99% Congo red dye from 10 mg L−1 solution and more than 80% Congo red dye from 60 mg L−1 aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of present adsorbent was calculated to be 19.6 mg Congo red per gram of adsorbent. Isotherms analysis suggested a physio-chemical adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a exothermic and feasible adsorption process. Adsorption rate was well explained by pseudo second order kinetics. The rate determining step was intra-particle diffusion evaluated from the Weber-Morris plot. To assess the adsorption performance of present adsorbent for Congo red dye the partition coefficient and adsorption equilibrium capacity were compared with other adsorbents. The partition coefficient and adsorption equilibrium values for 10 mg L−1 aqueous solution were found to be approximately 83.3 mg g−1 µM−1 and 4.0 mg g−1 at 30 °C and 7.0 pH using 2.5 g L−1 adsorbent. The value of partition coefficient was found to be higher than previous reported zinc oxide coupled cadmium tungstate having partition coefficient = as 21.4 mg g−1 µM−1 at 30 °C and 7.0 pH using 2.0 g L−1 adsorbent (Fatima, B.; Siddiqui, S.I.; Nirala, R.K. et al., Environ. Poll. 2021, 271, 116401). These results suggested that present adsorption technology is efficient for wastewater treatment.
The Impeller Improvement of the Centrifugal Pump Based on BVF Diagnostic Method

Selecting one IS 150-125-250 centrifugal pump as reference model, impeller with 3D blades has been designed using two-dimensional theory. Numerical simulations using Reynolds averaged N-S equations with a RNG k-ε two-equation turbulence model and log-law wall function are used to estimate the hydraulic performance of pump and obtain BVF distributions on impeller blade pressure surfaces and suction surfaces. The results show that, compared with IS150-125-250 pump, the designed one shows better performance in a wide operation range with the maximal efficiency 2.8% increase. With the help of boundary vorticity flux diagnostic, further improvement is realized. Local defect areas on blade surfaces are identified and inlet blade angle distribution modification and wrapping angle change of designed impeller are carried out on local defect areas. The vortices that exist in designed impeller disappear after modification and it flows more smoothly in the modified impeller with slight hydraulic performance improvement than in the original designed one. BVF diagnostic can be further embedded in optimal design method to perform an automatic optimal design without manual trial-and-error procedures.
Root-locus study of synchronous-machine regulation

The general equations of a synchronous machine, with continuous regulation and connected by tieline to a large system, are reduced by small-departure methods to linear relationships from which is derived the characteristic equation for a particular situation. An examination of the coefficients of this equation over a range of operating levels shows that the results obtained for one operating point would be valid over a considerable range. Stability and dynamic response depend on the roots of the equation, and root-locus diagrams are introduced to demonstrate their value in displaying variations in performance of several parameters of the regulator circuit, such as gain, exciter time constant and the constants of certain derivative circuits used for stabilising.
Full-Scale Train-to-Train Impact Test and Multi-Body Dynamic Simulation Analysis

When a train crashes with another train at a high speed, it will lead to significant financial losses and societal costs. Carrying out a train-to-train crash test is of great significance to reproducing the collision response and assessing the safety performance of trains. To ensure the testability and safety of the train collision test, it is necessary to analyze and predict the dynamic behavior of the train in the whole test process before the test. This paper presents a study of the dynamic response of the train in each test stage during the train-to-train crash test under different conditions. In this study, a 1D/3D co-simulation dynamics model of the train under various load conditions of driving, collision and braking has been established based on the MotionView dynamic simulation software. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified by comparing with a five-vehicle formations train-to-train crash test data. Sensitivities of several key influencing parameters, such as the train formation, impact velocity and the vehicle mass, are reported in detail as well. The results show that the increase in the impact velocity has an increasing effect on the movement displacement of the vehicle in each process. However, increasing the vehicle mass and train formation has almost no effect on the running displacement of the braking process of the traction train. By sorting the variables in descending order of sensitivity, it can be obtained that impact speed > train formation > vehicle mass. The polynomial response surface method (PRSM) is used to construct the fitting relationship between the parameters and the responses.