Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Procedures for Assessing the Quality of X–Ray Structures of Macromolecules

Two approaches for assessing the quality of protein X–ray structures are presented. One, implemented in the software PROVE, is based on the calculation of atomic volumes and uses the deviation from standard volumes, computed from a reference set of very accurate protein structures, to assess the quality of an atomic model, as a whole, and in specific regions of the model. The other, implemented in the software SF–CHECK, uses several objective criteria for evaluating the experimental structure factor data, when the latter are deposited, and for assessing the agreement of the atomic coordinates with these data, both for the model as a whole and on a per–residue basis. A combination of such tools with existing procedures like PROCHECK may represent the backbone of routine structure validation protocols in the future.
The Organizational Justice and Privacy Policy Strategies on Information Platform - A Case Study from a Campus Intern Media

The purpose of this study is to identify the justice strategies that power the intern-media organization. It reviewed the literature of intern education and digital multi-media platform to organize the questions of in-depth interview as well as getting the information by making an in-depth interview. Organizational justice and privacy policy may affect all the report quality. News organizations are facing so less time that they cannot make justice strategies very well. Thus, this study found the ways to make it fair in news organizations.
Physically Based Simulation Using Particle Systems

This work consists of extending the rigid body simulation method presented by Harada [3]. Firstly, the Newtonian formulation is replaced by impulse based physics [2]. Secondly, deformable body simulation is achieved by using two different approaches: non-zero volume objects are handled by an adapted meshless shape matching technique[5], whereas objects such as cloths and ropes are simulated us-ing Jakobsen’s approach [4]
A New Genus and Species of a Minute Suckermouth Armored Catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Rio Tocantins Drainage, Central Brazil: The Smallest Known Loricariid Catfish

Nannoplecostomus eleonorae, a new genus and species of a miniature suckermouth armored catfish, is described based on specimens collected from the karst region of São Domingos, upper Rio Tocantins basin, Goiás State, central Brazil. The new genus and species can be diagnosed among loricariids by presenting a unique reductive pattern of lateral dermal plates, with most of the body covered by only three series of plates (viz., dorsal, mid-ventral, and ventral). Based on the available published phylogenetic studies for the family, we provisionally consider Nannoplecostomus eleonorae as being an incertae sedis taxon within Loricariidae. Achieving a maximum standard length of 22.2 mm SL, Nannoplecostomus eleonorae is the smallest known loricariid catfish, and a list of the remaining smallest loricariids is provided. É descrito um novo gênero e espécie de cascudo miniaturizado, Nannoplecostomus eleonorae, baseado em espécimes coletados na região de carste de São Domingos, bacia do alto rio Tocantins, estado de Goiás, Brasil central. O novo gênero e espécie pode ser diagnosticado dos demais loricarídeos por apresentar um padrão de redução das placas dérmicas laterais único, em que a maior parte do corpo é recoberta por apenas três séries de placas (viz., séries dorsal, médio-ventral e ventral). Baseado nos estudos filogenéticos publicados para a família, consideramos Nannoplecostomus eleonorae como sendo um táxon incertae sedis dentro de Loricariidae. Atingindo um comprimento padrão máximo de 22,2 mm CP, Nannoplecostomus eleonorae é o menor loricarídeo conhecido, e uma lista dos demais menores loricarídeos é fornecida.
National food policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran aimed at control and prevention of noncommunicable diseases.

Background Diet plays an important role in the risk of noncommunicable diseases. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, national activities were started after release of the World Health Organization's (WHO) action plan on prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. Aims This study describes national food policies implemented by the government in order to reduce noncommunicable diseases in the country in line with WHO action plan. Methods Newly adopted food standards and regulations linked to noncommunicable diseases from 2013 to 2018 were reviewed and the maximum permitted levels of salt and trans and saturated fats were compared in the old and new standards. Nutritional traffic light labelling to raise public awareness of healthy diets was evaluated. Results Fifteen food standards associated with eight food items that make up a large share of the daily Iranian food basket and three that make up a small share were evaluated. Policies on salt included reduction in maximum permitted percentage in bread, cheese and doogh (a fermented drink) to 1%, 3% and 0.8%, respectively. For trans and saturated fats, maximum permitted percentages were set as 2-5% and 30-65% of edible oils and fats, respectively. Nutritional traffic light labelling, which indicates the content of salt, sugar, fat and trans fat in foods, has been mandatory for all foods since 2016. Conclusions In view of the polices implemented to reduce the salt and fat/oil content of foods, significant decreases in noncommunicable diseases are expected in coming years in the country. However, further studies are needed to show the effectiveness of the interventions.
Foreign Direct Investment and Voting in Israel's Development Towns

When do people perceive themselves to be losing out from international economic integration? Do those perceptions translate into vote choice? Existing literature studies gain and loss from economic integration as a function of its objective material effect, and political preferences that follow are assumed to reflect this effect. I argue that people's perceptions of losing out and their consequent political responses instead reflect concerns about a broader set of social outcomes that they associate with economic openness, particularly resentment about relative deprivation. I test the argument using a micro-level study of how foreign direct investment to Israel affected the electoral fortunes of the ethnic party Shas in the small township of Qiryat Gat. I demonstrate that despite the economic benefits brought about by massive foreign direct investment, the skill needs and employment strategy of the multinational investor generated amongst town locals a sense of economic and culture-based rejection, making them particularly receptive to the campaign appeals of Shas. The study illuminates a broader mechanism by which economic integration generates cultural and ethnic-based political responses.
Web Transactions on Handhelds with Less Tears

Online transactions (e.g. buying a book) typically involve a number of steps spanning several pages. Conducting such transactions under constrained interaction modalities as ex-empliﬁed by small screen mobile device is a strenuous, fatigue-inducing activity. But usually one needs to browse only a small fragment of a Web page to perform a transactional step ( e.g. choosing an item from a search results list). We exploit this observation to develop an automata-based process model for online transactions that succinctly captures the transactional steps delivering only the “relevant” page fragments at each step. We realize this model by coupling techniques from content analysis of Web documents, automata learning and statistical classiﬁcation. This process model and associated techniques have been incorporated into Guide-O-Mobile, a prototype system that facilitates online transactions with limited display size mobile device . Performance of Guide-O-Mobile and its user experience is reported.
Recognizing Sentence-level Logical Document Structures with the Help of Context-free Grammars

Current sentence boundary detectors split documents into sequentially ordered sentences by detecting their beginnings and ends. Sentences, however, are more deeply structured even on this side of constituent and dependency structure: they can consist of a main sentence and several subordinate clauses as well as further segments (e.g. inserts in parentheses); they can even recursively embed whole sentences and then contain multiple sentence beginnings and ends. In this paper, we introduce a tool that segments sentences into tree structures to detect this type of recursive structure. To this end, we retrain different constituency parsers with the help of modified training data to transform them into sentence segmenters. With these segmenters, documents are mapped to sequences of sentence-related “logical document structures”. The resulting segmenters aim to improve downstream tasks by providing additional structural information. In this context, we experiment with German dependency parsing. We show that for certain sentence categories, which can be determined automatically, improvements in German dependency parsing can be achieved using our segmenter for preprocessing. The assumption suggests that improvements in other languages and tasks can be achieved.
TomoSim: A Tomographic Simulator for DOAS

TomoSim comes as part of project ATMOS, a miniaturised DOAS tomographic atmospheric evaluation device, designed to fit a small drone. During the development of the project, it became necessary to write a simulation tool for system validation. TomoSim is the answer to this problem. The software has two main goals: to mathematically validate the tomographic acquisition method; and to allow some adjustments to the system before reaching final product stages. This measurement strategy was based on a drone performing a sequential trajectory and gathering projections arranged in fan beams, before using some classical tomographic methods to reconstruct a spectral image. The team tested three different reconstruction algorithms, all of which were able to produce an image, validating the team’s initial assumptions regarding the trajectory and acquisition strategy. All algorithms were assessed on their computational performance and their ability for reconstructing spectral "images", using two phantoms, one of which custom made for this purpose. In the end, the team was also able to uncover certain limitations of the TomoSim approach that should be addressed before the final stages of the system.
Exploring Healthcare Professionals’ Resistance to Using Wireless Communication Technology

This paper focuses on healthcare professionals’ non-acceptance, and resistance to the use, of wireless communication technology. Specifically, we propose and empirically examine a theoretical model on barriers to the use of wireless communication technology to share information in healthcare settings. Our findings highlight important factors that, if not addressed in healthcare settings, can result in resistance to the implementation of this technology
RAPID DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN CLINICAL SAMPLES BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

A polymerase chain reaction for the rapid and specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been used and evaluated for clinical applicability. Two oligonucleotide primers derived from the nucleotide sequence of a immunogenic protein MPB 64 amplified DNA from M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. No amplification was observed from any of ten different mycobacterial strains. A total of 126 clinical samples were amplified and tested by both dot blot hybridization and restriction enzyme analysis. M. tuberculosis was detected by PCR in 38 smear and 42 culture positive cases. An additional 16 culture negative specimens were PCR positive yielding an overall M. tuberculosis positivity rate of 46.0% (58/126) compared to 33.3% (42/126) by culture. The superior sensitivity of PCR to culture was more evident in non-pulmonary cases where PCR picked up 10 cases in addition to 6 culture positives out of 46 specimens. On the other hand, out of 80 pulmonary specimens only 6 cases in addition to 36 culture positives were picked up by PCR. The specificity of PCR was confirmed with dot blot hybridization and restriction enzyme analysis. This study corroborates that PCR offers a more sensitive and rapid alternative for the detection of M. tuberculosis to culture, and that it can be used in uncultured clinical specicimens.
Isolation of Novel Autoantigens by Lambda Phage Surface Display

1 Abbreviations . 4 General Introduction . 6 Chapter 1: Affinity selection of cDNA libraries by  phage surface display Summary . 13 Introduction . 14 Materials and Methods . 16 Results . 21 Discussion . 26 Conclusion . 29 Figures, Tables . 30 Chapter 2: Novel Autoantigens Recognized by Sera and Synovial Fluids from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Isolation by Using Bacteriophage  Surface Display Summary . 35 Introduction . 36 Materials and Methods . 38 Results . 40 Discussion . 42 Conclusion . 44 Figure, Tables . 45 General Discussion . 48 Acknowledgements . 54 References . 55
Antibacterial diterpenes from the leaves and seeds of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb

Two diterpenes from Juniperus excelsa, obtained by bioautography‐guided isolation technique, were found to possess significant antibacterial activity in a two‐fold serial dilution assay. (+)‐Ferruginol (abieta‐8,11,13‐triene‐12‐ol) (1) and (−)‐sandaracopimeric acid (isopimara‐8(14), 15‐diene‐18‐oic acid) (2) exhibited significant activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus durans, while their corresponding 3β‐hydroxy derivatives [(hinokiol (3) and 3β‐hydroxysandaracopimeric acid (4), also isolated from J. excelsa)] were found to be inactive. (+)‐Ferruginol, in addition, demonstrated strong activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. intracellulare, M. xenopi and M. cheloni. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for all compounds isolated from the active bioautographic zones, and were compared to those of the standard antibiotics chloramphenicol and streptomycin sulphate.
Microwave single scattering properties of non-spheroidal rain drops

Falling raindrops undergo a change in morphology as they grow in size and the fall speed increases. This change can lead to significant effects in passive and active microwave remote sensing measurements, typically in the form of a polarization signal. Because previous studies generally only considered either passive or active measurements and a limited set of frequencies, there exist no general guidelines on how and when to consider such raindrop effects in scientific and meteorological remote sensing. In an attempt to provide an overview on this topic, this study considered passive and active remote sensing simultaneously and a wider set of frequencies than in previous studies. Single-scattering property (SSP) data of horizontally oriented raindrops were calculated using the T-matrix method at a large set of frequencies (34 in total). The shapes of the raindrops were calculated assuming an aerodynamic equilibrium model, resulting in drops with flattened bases. The SSP data are published in an open-access repository in order to promote the usage of realistic microphysical assumptions in the microwave remote sensing community. Furthermore, the SSPs were employed in radiative transfer simulations of passive and active microwave rain observations, in order to investigate the impact of raindrop shape upon observations and to provide general guidelines on usage of the published database. Several instances of noticeable raindrop shape-induced effects could be identified. For instance, it was found that the flattened base of equilibrium drops can lead to an enhancement in backscattering at 94.1 GHz of 1.5 dBZ at 10 mmh−1, and passive simulations showed that shape-induced effects on measured brightness temperatures can be at least 1 K.
The Causes of Inflation and Deflation in Mainland China

Price developments in Mainland China have important implications for Hong Kong because of the increasing economic integration between the two economies. In this study of inflation dynamics on the Mainland, world prices, the value of the renminbi and the level of productivity are found to govern long-run price movements in China. Specifically, high inflation between 1990 and 1997 was due mainly to rising world prices and the devaluation of the renminbi, while low inflation and deflation in recent years reflected productivity growth and the appreciation of the effective exchange rate following the Asian financial crisis.
The Impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the Ownership, Location and Internalization Advantages of Firms: An Exploratory Study

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also called Industry 4.0 or I4.0, creates opportunities for improvement of efficiency and productivity, for the reshoring and redistribution of global manufacturing, and for the creation of new global value chains. As a consequence, Industry 4.0 has the potential to impact the internationalization strategy of global manufacturing firms. In order to analyze the transformations in supply chains enabled by the adoption of the advanced technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, this research discusses how these technologies influence the ownership (O), location (L), and internalization (I) advantages of multinational companies (MNC). This study uses the advantages of the eclectic paradigm as constructs to understand how the internationalization strategies of multinational firms are impacted by the use of digitally-enabled technologies and processes described as the “Manufacturing Renaissance”
Gradually Rebuilding a Relationship: Collusion in Retail Pharmacies in Chile

How do firms collude? is paper contributes to the understanding of the emergence of collusion by studying an actual case of price fixing among the three main retail drugstore chains in Chile. e pharmacies raised the prices of more than two hundred medicines, mostly best-selling brands, aer months of low, even negative margins. e scope of collusion grew gradually as firms colluded on an increasingly larger number of drugs over a period of four months, raising the price of each given product by means of staggered sharp price increases. I document extensively the behavior of the firms with testimonies stemming from the antitrust court case, which show that firms were largely concerned about the possibility that their competitors did not follow their price increases. I estimate the price elasticities for each drug at the retailer level using the substantial collusive price increases as supply-side shocks. e elasticities I obtain are quite similar to the estimates reported in the literature. e results indicate that that the degree of differentiation is key to explaining the size and timing of the price increases. e chains raised prices of more differentiated products first and also by a greater extent. I claim that this was the case because the firms built trust along the collusive relationship. Collusion in differentiated products is safer because losses from cheating were limited due to firms’ differentiation in those markets. Finally, I present collusion as a relationship that firms build over time in order to solve information asymmetries and coordinate on a more profitable equilibrium. I draw from the literature on partnership building and provide amodel of firm cooperation. emodel rationalizes my empirical findings and shows that gradualism constitutes the mechanism by which firms can reach a collusive equilibrium. *E-mail: jorge.ale@mail.huji. ac.il is paper is part of my doctoral dissertation at e Hebrew University. I am particularly grateful to my advisor, David Genesove, for his encouragement and guidance throughout this project. I owe special thanks for helpful suggestions and discussions to John Asker, Michael Dickstein, Alon Eizenberg, Chaim Fershtman, Marina Halac, Igal Hendel, Rodrigo Harrison, Gastón Illanes, Ilan Kremer, Saul Lach, Greg Lewis, Aviv Nevo, Ariel Pakes, Motty Perry, Alberto Salvo, Yannay Spitzer, Sarit Weisburd, Elyashiv Wiedman, and Ali Yurukoglu, and seminar participants at the Israel IO Day. I am indebted to Ricardo Jungmann and María Elina Cruz from the Antitrust and Competition Center UC, where some of this work was done. I gratefully acknowledge Stephen Blackburn, Alejandro Domic, and María de la Luz Domper, from the Competition Tribunal of Chile; Ronaldo Bruna and Laura Poggi, from the National Economic Prosecutor’s Office; Francisco Acevedo, Rodrigo Castro, and Lissette Trincado, for helpful insights on the antitrust case and on the drugstore industry.
Title: Aging-related inflammation driven by cellular senescence enhances NAD consumption via activation of CD38+ macrophages

Affiliations: †Authors Contributed Equally 1Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA 2UCSF Department of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA 3Gladstone Institutes, Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA 4Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA 5Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60607, USA 6Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA 7College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea Kyong-Oh Shin, current address: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
PII: S0021-8693(02)00127-8

We show that a 3× 3 Hermitian matrix over the ring of integral split octonions has a unique canonical diagonal form under the action of the group E6,6(Z). This confirms the conjecture of J. Maldacena, G. Moore, and A. Strominger [hep-th/9903163] on a standard form of a charge vector.  2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
Introducing the Team Based Learning as an Approach to Reviving Interest in Biochemistry amongst Undergraduate Medical Students-An Exploratory Study

Methods: It was a single blind controlled interventional study. A Team Based Learning (TBL) Module was developed for First Professional MBBS students of 2015 batch. The topics selected were of high difficulty level. Ten groups were formed by random allocation. Study materials and reference sources were displayed and distributed two weeks prior to the initiation of TBL sessions. Each TBL session consisted of pre-test preparation (through didactic lectures and self-study), MCQ-based pre-test, application of concepts, Problem Based Questions (PBQs), reviewing and post-test. This was followed by administration of feedback questionnaire. The data obtained were analysed using SPSS version 21.
KORE 50DYWC: An Evaluation Data Set for Entity Linking Based on DBpedia, YAGO, Wikidata, and Crunchbase

A major domain of research in natural language processing is named entity recognition and disambiguation (NERD). One of the main ways of attempting to achieve this goal is through use of Semantic Web technologies and its structured data formats. Due to the nature of structured data, information can be extracted more easily, therewith allowing for the creation of knowledge graphs. In order to properly evaluate a NERD system, gold standard data sets are required. A plethora of different evaluation data sets exists, mostly relying on either Wikipedia or DBpedia. Therefore, we have extended a widely-used gold standard data set, KORE 50, to not only accommodate NERD tasks for DBpedia, but also for YAGO, Wikidata and Crunchbase. As such, our data set, KORE 50ˆDYWC, allows for a broader spectrum of evaluation. Among others, the knowledge graph agnosticity of NERD systems may be evaluated which, to the best of our knowledge, was not possible until now for this number of knowledge graphs.