Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α: independent and interactive roles in the regulation of lipid metabolism

Purpose of reviewWith the increasing incidence of obesity today, related complications such as diabetes, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis are also becoming major concerns. Since these conditions share a common factor, aberrations in lipid metabolism, understanding the molecular changes that lead to abnormal lipid partitioning has become key to combating the obesity epidemic. Recent findingsThe enzyme stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) has been shown to be intimately involved in both the lipogenic as well as the lipid oxidative pathways. Our studies with the SCD1−/− mouse model have established that these animals are lean and protected from leptin deficiency-induced and diet-induced obesity. Consequently, they also show greater whole body insulin sensitivity than wild-type mice. SCD1−/− mice have decreased expression of genes of lipogenesis and increased expression of lipid oxidative genes. The main transcription factors controlling genes of lipid synthesis and oxidation are sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), respectively. Here, we review some studies that show that the effects of SCD1 deficiency on whole body adiposity may be partly dependent on sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, but are most likely independent of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α. SummaryOur findings indicate that SCD1 is a key controller of lipid partitioning between lipogenesis and oxidation. While some questions regarding the molecular changes downstream of SCD1 deletion are yet to be answered, the studies outlined below clearly point to SCD1 as a highly promising target in combating obesity as well as related complications.
Macromodeling based on frequency domain terminal responses

In some situations, the information about a device can only be obtained by measurements at its the terminals. In the case of linear systems, frequency domain measurements and subsequent system identification allows a practical way of obtaining models, which are directly compatible with EMTP-like simulation programs. The major challenges are pole identification, passivity enforcement, and accuracy of the resulting model. This paper gives an outline of approaches and challenges.
Secure & robust RED (SR-RED)

In the security of wireless sensor networks, node replication attack is the most critical concern. In node replication attack, an adversary compromises the captured node and replicates the node, creating many replicas with the same node identity by obtaining all the secrets of the nodes. After this an adversary may launch many insidious attacks within the sensor network. So far, Randomized, Efficient and Distributed (RED) is considered to be the most promising distributed solution for detecting clone nodes but it also has some stern, stunning and uncompromising shortcomings. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, we have presented a distributed and non-deterministic solution, removing the drawbacks of RED by making enhancements in order to identify and revoke clones. Finally, we have proposed a method for the detection of masked replication attack which is another form or variation of Node replication attack.
Hydrazine sulfate influence on nutritional status and survival in non-small-cell lung cancer.

This randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled clinical trial compares the influence on nutritional status and survival of hydrazine sulfate with placebo addition to cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy in patients with unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The trial consisted of 65 patients with advanced, unresectable NSCLC who had had no prior chemotherapy, were at least partially ambulatory (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] performance status [PS] level 0-2), and who had adequate hematologic, renal, and hepatic function. All patients received the same defined combination chemotherapy (cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin) and the same defined dietary counseling with the addition of either three times daily oral hydrazine sulfate (60 mg) or placebo capsules. Hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo addition to chemotherapy resulted in significantly greater caloric intake and albumin maintenance (P less than .05). Considering all patients, survival was greater for the hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo group (median survival, 292 v 187 days), but the difference did not achieve statistical significance. In favorable PS patients (PS 0-1), survival was significantly prolonged (median survival, 328 days v 209 days; P less than .05) for hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo addition. In a multifactor analysis, PS, weight loss, and liver involvement were the final variables. Objective response frequency and toxicity were comparable on both arms. Hydrazine sulfate may favorably influence nutritional status and clinical outcome of patients with NSCLC. Further definitive studies of hydrazine sulfate addition to therapeutic regimens in NSCLC are warranted.
Phase II study of oral S‐1 for treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma

The goal of the current study was to evaluate the objective response rate and toxicity associated with the oral fluoropyrimidine S‐1 (a combination of tegafur, 5‐chloro‐2,4‐dihydroxypyridine, and potassium oxonate) in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal carcinoma.
CMOS 90 nm multi-bias transistor model Up to 66 GHz

A multi-bias transistor model is proposed in this paper. The nonlinear drain-source current, the output resistance, and the intrinsic capacitance are fully considered to characterize the transistor's bias-dependent performance. On this basis, the values of the model elements are extracted under different bias conditions. Furthermore, a 90 nm CMOS transistor is fabricated and measured to validate the proposed model. The model calculation results are compared with the measurement results, and the root-mean-square error of the model is below 0.007 up to 66 GHz.
Probiotics and Prebiotics

Probiotics are defined as "live micro-organisms that confer a health benefit on the host when administered in adequate amounts. " The major source of probiotics for humans is dairy-based foods containing intestinal species of Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium. The most common type used is Lactobacillus acidophilus (also known as one of the "friendly bacteria"), a species of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria often found in the intestinal tract of humans and animals, the human mouth and vagina. It is an anaerobic organism that produces lactic acid which reduces the pH. This may have an inhibitory effect on other organisms, especially candida. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and some Escherichia coli and Bacillus species are also used as probiotics. Prebiotics are defined scientifically as "selectively fermented ingredients that result in specific changes in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota, thus conferring benefit(s) upon host health. " They are non-digestible carbohydrates (mainly oligosaccharides and non-starch polysaccharides) which act by promoting the growth and/or activity of probiotic bacteria in the gut. The most common are fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), inulin and galacto-oligosaccharides. They are found in various vegetables and fruit such as tomatoes, onions, garlic, leeks, asparagus and bananas. Prebiotics are relatively stable and, unlike probiotics, can be relied on to arrive relatively unchanged in the gut despite the presence of digestive enzymes. Synbiotics contain prebiotics and probiotics in the same preparation.
Shoulder lesion classification using shape and texture features via composite kernel

Axial proton density (PD) weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images of shoulder which has the ability to represent bone edema while preserving anatomical details, provides valu­able information for the evaluation of traumatized shoulder. The low signal to noise ratio of PD weighted slices of MRI while being a powerful tool for the detection of the pathological conditions, can hamper the determination of the anatomical structures and has a negative effect on the classification success. This study focuses on the classification of pathologies of the humeral head resulting from trauma or instability. In order to diagnose the bone edema and structural changes of the humeral head by using images of low signal to noise ratio, the shape and texture information were used together and their contribution to the classification success was evaluated. The texture information was obtained from the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) algorithm and shape information obtained from the pyramid of histogram of gradients (PHOG) algorithm were joined together by concatenation and composite kernel. The feature vectors obtained from experimental studies were utilized for classification purposes by support vector machines (SVM) and extreme learning machines (ELM) methods; the results were presented comparatively.
Maintenance of high average-utility itemsets for record deletion

Traditionally, the utility of an itemset is the summation of the utilities of the itemset in transactions regardless of its length. The average utility measure was then proposed to reveal a better utility effect of combining several items than the utility measure. In this paper, a maintenance algorithm for high average-utility itemsets is proposed for reducing execution time when records are deleted. The proposed approach is designed based on the two-phase utility mining and the FUP (Fast UPdate) concept and can achieve a good performance especially when the knowledge changes only to a small extent.
A Comprehensive Model for Hot Carrier Degradation in LDMOS Transistors

This paper presents a comprehensive yet physical model for hot carrier degradation in LDMOS transistors. The only model input parameters are the gate and drain voltage Vds and Vgs , the internal device temperature and the device width W. The model allows calculating AC degradation performance out of the DC hot carrier data. A physical explanation of the observed effects is provided, and important differences between LDMOS and standard CMOS are highlighted
A maturity model to promote collaboration in business processes

This research aims at providing an approach for designing business processes for adequate collaborative support. This approach comprises the explicit representation of collaboration practices in business processes. It is argued that, by explicitly considering collaboration in process models, collaboration can be discussed within the organisation. Moreover, requirements for collaborative support can be identified. This paper proposes a process maturity model (CollabMM) which organises collaboration practices and a method providing a progressive step for introducing those practices into business process models. Two case studies are described to illustrate the method and the model.
Development of a 4-valent genotyping assay for direct identification of the most frequent Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotypes from respiratory specimens of pneumonia patients.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of nosocomial infections and is associated with high rates of mortality. In order to facilitate rapid and sensitive identification of the most prevalent serotypes of P. aeruginosa, we have developed a 4-valent real-time PCR-based assay using oligonucleotides specific for open-reading frames constituting the O-antigen-specific lipopolysaccharide loci of P. aeruginosa. The assay simultaneously detects and differentiates between each of the four serotypes IATS-O1, -O6, -O11 and serogroup 2 (IATS-O2, -O5, and -O16) with high sensitivity and specificity in a single-tube reaction. No cross-reactivity was observed with other serotypes of P. aeruginosa or other microbial species, and reproducibility was demonstrated regardless of template, i.e. purified DNA, bacterial culture and clinical specimens (broncho-alveolar lavage). The limit of detection of the assay was approximately 100 copies per reaction for IATS-O1, -O2 and -O11, and 50 copies per reaction for IATS-O6. Comparison of the assay specificity with a commercially available slide agglutination kit showed consistent results; however, the number of non-typable isolates was reduced by 15 % using the genotyping assay. Use of the 4-valent genotyping assay in the context of a clinical trial resulted in identification of pneumonia patients positive for the IATS-O11 serotype, and hence eligible for therapy with panobacumab (an investigational monoclonal antibody against the O-polysaccharide of serotype IATS-O11).
Robust control of nonlinear systems with convex input constraints and its application to the magnetic levitation system

In this paper, we consider the stabilization problem of nonlinear systems subject to convex input constraints. We modify the our previous results to be applicable for actual control problems. First, we design a robust stabilizing controller that guarantees a sector margin for convex input constrained nonlinear systems. To apply the proposed controller to the actual system, we have to compute the input which minimizes the time derivative of a local control Lyapunov function. We discuss how to obtain the minimizing input and clarify the condition when the minimizing input is analytically obtained. Finally, we apply the proposed method to the magnetic levitation system and confirm the effectiveness by experiments.
An autonomic group communication protocol for distributed applications

We discuss a group protocol which supports applications with group communication service when QoS supported by networks or required by applications is changed. An autonomic group protocol is realised by cooperation of multiple autonomous agents. Each agent autonomously takes a class of each protocol function so as to support only and all QoS required. A group is composed of views for scalability. Each view is a subset of the agents where the agents autonomously take protocol classes consistent with each other. We make clear what combination of classes can be autonomously taken by agents in a view.
TAFI Meets the Sticky Ends

Summary The coagulation and fibrinolytic system are often considered as separate entities, despite the obvious connection that one produces fibrin, the substrate for the other. A potent example of a more subtle and yet important connection lies in thrombin’s ability to generate an inhibitor of fibrinolysis. This exemplifies the pivotal role of thrombin in haemostasis, a consequence of its broad range of activities. Thrombin activates the zymogen form of a basic carboxypeptidase, generating an active enzyme called carboxypeptidase U, carboxypeptidase R, plasma carboxypeptidase B or TAFIa, thrombin activable fibrinolysis inhibitor (reviewed in 1-4; references from the reviews are not cited here). The activated carboxypeptidase removes C-terminal basic residues from fibrin. C-terminal Lys residues are key to binding t-PA and plasminogen, and thus to generating plasmin activity, a mechanism by which partially-lysed fibrin amplifies plasmin formation. The removal of these C-terminal Lys residues therefore decreases local fibrinolytic activity (Fig. 1). Several recent studies, two of which appear in this issue of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (5, 6), add to our knowledge of this activity and its potential role in thromboembolic disease.
Inversion of winter wheat leaf area index based on canopy reflectance model and HJ CCD image

Leaf area index is an important vegetation canopy structure parameter for vegetation monitoring, climate change, ecological process and data assimilation system. The method of LAI inversion is one of the focuses of quantitative remote sensing research. In this study, the global optimal algorithm SCE-UA (Shuffled Complex Evolution method developed at the University of Arizona) was integrated into canopy reflectance model ACRM (A Two-Layer Canopy Reflectance Model) to improve the process of inversion LAI. A global sensitivity analysis method EFAST (Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test) was used firstly to analyze sensitivity of parameters in ACRM. The most sensitive parameters were optimized iteratively until difference between simulated and measured canopy reflectance was minimized in order to obtain optimal LAI. Accuracy verification and feasibility analysis were carried out with simultaneous observation data on field sites and regional scale. The results show that LAI, chlorophyll content Cab, leaf structure parameter N, Markov (clumping) parameter Sz, relative leaf size SL and soil reflectance parameter rsl1 are optimized variables which are most sensitive for the four bands of HJ CCD image. The acceptable and desired inversion of winter wheat LAI was performed successfully. On field sites, coefficient of determination R2 is 0.88, Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) is 9.95%, and the Relative Error (RE) is 8.45%. On regional scales, R2 for LAI is 0.66, NRMSE is 26.13%, and RE is 20.62%. The proposed inversion approach of vegetation canopy LAI based on ACRM is feasible and effective, and will be most potential method of application.
Forced Duction, Active Force Generation, and Saccadic Velocity Tests

The forced duction test reveals information about mechanical limitations to full ocular rotation. When voluntary ocular rotation is limited, and the forced duction test is completely free, paresis of an extraocular muscle is suggested. The active force generation test and saccadic velocity measurements both provide information about the active forces available to move the globe. Active force can be felt with the forceps in the force generation test. These forces can be measured quantitatively with the calibrated Scott forceps. The saccadic velocity test measures the work an extraocular muscle performs (the eye movement) but does not measure active force directly. The force available is inferred by comparing saccadic velocity measurements to normal control values. This test is especially useful in infants and children, in whom the force duction test cannot be done without general anesthesia, and whose cooperation is insufficient to allow force generation measurements to be performed. It is likely that future improvements in instrumentation and further knowledge of basic oculomotor mechanisms will increase the value of these techniques in clinical strabismus.
Overexpression of c-myc and loss of heterozygosity on 2p, 3p, 5q, 17p and 18q in sporadic colorectal carcinoma.

AIM The aim of the present study is to evaluate the prognostic influence of loss of heterozygosity on 2p, 3p, 5q, 17p and 18q, and c-myc overexpression on surgically treated sporadic colorectal carcinoma. METHODS Tumor and non-tumor tissue samples from 153 patients were analyzed. Fifty-one percent of patients were male, and mean age in the series was 67 years. Tumors were located in the proximal colon in 37 cases, in the distal bowel in 37, and in the rectum in 79 patients. c-myc overexpression was studied by means of Northern blot analysis, and loss of heterozygosity through microsatellite analysis. RESULTS c-myc overexpression was detected in 25% of cases, and loss of heterozygosity in at least one of the studied regions in 48%. There was no association between clinical and pathologic features, and genetic alterations. The disease-free interval was significantly shorter for patients with both genetic alterations; the presence of both events was an independent prognostic factor for poor outcome in the multivariate analysis (RR: 4.34, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The presence of both loss of heterozygosity and overexpression of the c-myc oncogene separates a subset of colorectal carcinoma patients who have a shorter disease-free interval after curative-intent surgery.
Performance analysis of multihop FSO systems using APD receivers over log-normal channels

This paper studies the performance of multihop free-space optical (FSO) communication systems using the binary phase-shift keying modulation (BPSK) and avalanche photodiode (APD) receivers over atmospheric turbulence channels. We consider both serial and parallel relaying configurations with the decode-and-forward (DF) mode. The outage probability is analytically derived taking into account the log-normal turbulence channel model and receiver noise for both relaying configurations. In our analysis, the optimum of APD gain for achieving lowest outage probability with different relaying configurations and receiver parameters is discussed. The analytical results are verified by Monte-Carlo simulation and a good agreement between the analytical and simulation results is confirmed.
A rotation invariant local Zernike moment based interest point detector

Detection of interesting points in the image is an important phase when considering object detection problem in computer vision. Corners are good candidates as such interest points. In this study, by optimizing corner model of Ghosal based on local Zernike moments (LZM) and using LZM representation Sariyanidi et.al presented, a rotationinvariant interest point detector is proposed. The performance of proposed detector is evaluated by using Mikolajczyk's dataset prepared for rotation-invariance and our method outperforms well-known methods such as SIFT and SURF in terms of repeatability criterion.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy and intraoperative cytologic smear findings in a case of benign mesothelial‐cell inclusions involving a lymph node: Case report and review of the literature

Although first described over a decade ago, the rare entity of mesothelial lymph node inclusions (nonneoplastic mesothelial cells involving lymph node sinuses) is not well‐known among pathologists. Unlike most lymph node inclusions such as Müllerian inclusions or nevus cells, which usually occur in the capsule of the lymph node, mesothelial cells involve the lymph node sinus, mimicking metastatic carcinoma or metastatic mesothelioma. The spectrum of histologic findings ranges from a few mesothelial cells, perhaps only detectable by immunohistochemical stains, to a massive distention of the lymph node sinus with abundant mesothelial cells. Mesothelial‐cell inclusions in lymph nodes are usually found in mediastinal lymph nodes of patients with pleural and/or pericardial effusions. It is hypothesized that the effusion, due to whatever cause, allows for mesothelial‐cell migration into the submesothelial lymphatics and regional lymph nodes. To our knowledge, cytologic findings on aspiration biopsy and intraoperative smear preparations of a lymph node with mesothelial‐cell inclusions have never been described. Familiarity with this entity is important in preventing misdiagnosis of malignancy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;29:163–166. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multi‐field 3D scanning light microscopy of early embryogenesis

A computer‐controlled microscopy system was devised to allow the observation of avian embryo development over an extended time period. Parallel experiments, as well as extended specimen volumes, can be recorded at cellular resolution using a three‐dimensional scanning procedure. The resulting large set of data is processed automatically into registered, focal‐ and positional‐drift corrected mosaic images, assembled as montages of adjacent microscopic fields. The configuration of the incubator and a sterile embryo chamber prevents condensation of the humidified culturing atmosphere in the optical path and is compatible with both differential interference contrast and epifluorescence optics. As a demonstration, recordings are presented showing the large‐scale remodelling of the embryonic primordial vascular structure.