Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Produção de sementes de soja enriquecidas com molibdênio

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a producao de sementes de soja, em funcao da aplicacao de doses de molibdenio (Mo) foliar, e o crescimento e producao das plantas advindas das sementes obtidas desse cultivo. O cultivar utilizado foi o BRS Valiosa RR, no primeiro ano, sendo utilizadas tres doses de Mo (0, 400 e 800 g ha-1), com quatro repeticoes. Com as sementes colhidas formaram-se tres lotes de sementes, com diferentes quantidades de Mo (9,27; 51,56 e 65,43 mg kg-1 de Mo). No segundo ano, utilizando-se as sementes anteriormente produzidas, montaram-se dois experimentos, conduzidos paralelamente. O primeiro foi realizado em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3: tres metodos de aplicacao de Mo (sem aplicacao, tratamento de sementes e por via foliar, no estadio V4, dose de 25 g ha-1 de Mo) e os tres lotes de sementes enriquecidas do ano anterior, com quatro repeticoes. O segundo foi realizado em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 x 3 [epocas de aplicacao (V4, no pre- florescimento, R3 e R5) x doses de Mo foliar (0, 25, 50 e 100 g ha-1) x lotes de sementes enriquecidas com Mo do ano anterior], com quatro repeticoes. Conclui-se que o teor de proteina das sementes e 9% maior com a presenca de Mo, independentemente do modo como e fornecido. A utilizacao de Mo influi positivamente na produtividade de soja, quando fornecido pelo uso de sementes enriquecidas com teor de ate 51,56 mg kg-1, ou aplicacao por via foliar, com doses entre 25 e 50 g ha-1.
Analysis of ERBB signalling and the impact of targeted therapeutics using protein microarrays

This work was focused on the quantitative analysis of time-resolved in vitro measurements of ligand-induced ERBB signalling in breast cancer cell lines, as well as the development of experimental methods suitable for the large-scale analysis of signalling networks. First, an automated protocol for the highly reproducible stimulation of cell lines with growth factors was developed. In parallel, protein microarray technologies were advanced to the quantification of phosphoproteins and resulted in two different assay formats: microspot immunoassays and reverse phase protein arrays. In collaboration with the bioinformatics group, data analysis tools were developed for both platforms. Experiments in ERBB2 overexpressing cell lines, HCC1954 and SKBR3, demonstrated that both ERBB2 targeting monoclonal antibodies, trastuzumab and pertuzumab, did not efficiently prevent ligand-induced signalling in vitro. Moreover, the combination of both antibody therapeutics did not result in improved efficacy. However, combining a single therapeutic antibody with the EGFR inhibiting small molecule erlotinib significantly downregulated ligand-induced signalling. Furthermore, treatment of proliferating cells with the combination of trastuzumab and erlotinib resulted in a dephosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 and the cell cycle regulator protein RB resulting in cell cycle arrest. Thus, the combination of erlotinib with trastuzumab could be postulated as potential therapy for the treatment of ERBB2-positive breast cancer patients. A comparative analysis of ERBB signalling in four cell lines, MCF7, BT474, HCC1954, and SKBR3, revealed that the phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 is a strong predictor to analyse the activation status of signalling networks since the S6 protein integrates signals from the MAPK as well as the PI3K pathway, the two major pathways downstream of ERBB receptors. Due to differential ERBB receptor expression or additional oncogenic mutations, therapeutics affected ERK1/2 and AKT signalling to different extents in the four cell lines whereas the S6 phosphorylation reflected reliably the cellular response on exogenous perturbations.
Transfer-Free In Situ CCVD Grown Nanocrystalline Graphene for Sub-PPMV Ammonia Detection

Reasonably-priced devices for the detection of toxic species in the atmosphere are critical for reasons of health. Previous research work shows the promising detection capabilities of graphene. Thus, we demonstrate the gaseous response of our nanocrystalline graphene ﬁeld-effect transistors that can be fabricated hundredfold on a two inch substrate by our transfer-free in situ catalytic chemical vapor deposition process. By means of Raman spectroscopy and near edge X-ray absorption ﬁne structure nanocrystallinity of the CCVD grown graphene ﬁlms within the devices can be conﬁrmed. Using a self-constructed vacuum probing station the sensitivity of the fabricated devices is extracted from dynamic electrical sampling measurements. With respect to ammonia it is foundthatthesensitivityisbeinghigherthanpreviouslyreportedfromothergroups.Moreover,acomparableresponsivityisachieved.Adeeperunderstandingoftheoriginofthehighsensitivity,whichweattributetothenanocrystallinity,isgivenbybackgateinput characteristics under varying ammonia concentration as well as from comparison with literature results on carbon nanotube gas sensors. Furthermore, the origin and inﬂuence of ammonia on the hysteresis of our nanocrystalline graphene ﬁeld-effect transistors is discussed. ©TheAuthor(s)
Development of a simple, rapid, accurate, and sensitive method for carvedilol analysis in human blood serum by reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector

Abstract Carvedilol is a drug used in the treatment of serious cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the development of a new method for analyzing the therapeutic and toxic concentrations of carvedilol in human blood serum is very important. In this study, a simple, rapid, accurate, and sensitive method was developed using isocratic reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector for the determination of carvedilol (a nonselective beta-blocker) in human blood serum. The separation was achieved with a Supelco Discovery C18 reversed phase column, using acetonitrile and 1% (v/v) of triethylamine aqueous solution (pH 3.5) as mobile phase. The method was optimized and subsequently validated. Method validation was performed by evaluating precision, accuracy, selectivity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), stability, robustness, and system suitability parameters. Relative standard deviation (%) values for the repeatability study were very low. The calibration curve was found to be linear over the concentration range of 100–1000 μg/L (R2 = 0.9999). The average recovery was obtained as 99.83 ± 0.84%. The LOD and the LOQ for carvedilol was determined to be 56.63 and 171.61 ng/L, respectively. The results obtained from this study demonstrated that the validated method can be successfully used to analyze the therapeutic and toxic concentrations of carvedilol in human blood serum. Furthermore, this new method is applicable for large sample series in laboratory studies. Graphical Abstract
The mystical experience and its neural correlates.

Abstract: Despite their different etiologies, three types of spiritually transformative experiences (STEs)--near-death experiences, psilocybin experiences, and meditative experiences of cosmic consciousness--appear to have attributes that are common to a broad range of mystical experiences, including an experience of expanded awareness. In addition, all three appear to be associated with profound and lasting transformations in the lives of experiencers. Finally, these three experiences appear to share some common neural correlates. In this article, we discuss similarities in case studies of these STEs, in data from controlled clinical research studies on their transformative effects, as well as from neurophysiological data correlated with the occurrence of STEs themselves. In all three STEs, research shows a reduction in neural activity in the major centers of the brain, including the Default Mode Network, the foundation of egoic stories involving the narrative related to oneself and the world in which one lives. It is proposed that during these STEs, reduced neural activity in areas of the brain that normally act as a filter or reducing valve mechanism opens the capacity to expanded awareness, which is associated with lasting transformation in the lives of experiencers.
Prenatal phenotype of PNKP-related primary microcephaly associated with variants in the FHA and Phosphatase domain

Biallelic PNKP variants cause heterogeneous disorders ranging from neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly/seizures to adult-onset Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. To date, only postnatal descriptions exist. We present the first prenatal diagnosis of PNKP-related primary microcephaly. Detailed pathological examination of a male fetus revealed micrencephaly with extracerebral malformations and thus presumed syndromic microcephaly. A recessive disorder was suspected because of previous pregnancy termination for similar abnormalities in a sibling fetus. Prenatal trio exome sequencing identified compound-heterozygosity for the PNKP variants c.498G>A, p.[(=),0? ] and c.302C>T, p.(Pro101Leu). Segregation confirmed both variants in the sibling fetus. Through RNA analyses, we characterized skipping of exon 4 affecting the PNKP Forkhead-associated (FHA) and Phosphatase domains (p.Leu67_Lys166del) as the predominant effect of the c.498G>A variant. We retrospectively investigated two unrelated individuals diagnosed with biallelic PNKP-variants to compare prenatal/postnatal phenotypes. Both carry the same splice-donor variant c.1029+2T>C in trans with a variant in the FHA domain (c.311T>C, p.(Leu104Pro) and c.151G>C, p.(Val51Leu), respectively). RNA-seq showed complex splicing events for c.1029+2T>C and c.151G>C. Computational modelling and structural analysis revealed significant clustering of missense variants in the FHA domain, with some variants potentially generating structural damage. Our detailed clinical description extends the PNKP-continuum to the prenatal stage. Investigating possible PNKP-variant effects using RNA and structural modelling, we highlight the mutational complexity and exemplify a framework for variant characterization in this multi-domain protein.
Brucea javanica seeds as source of potential natural antioxidants to improve biodiesel thermal and oxidative stability

Biodiesel is one of the most promising renewable energy derived from biological sources. Biodiesel is clean and renewable biofuel but its oxidative stability is low. To increase oxidative stability of biodiesel, natural antioxidants are considered as potential compounds to be used. The purpose of the work was to investigate and determine the antioxidation potential of Brucea javanica seeds by applying different antioxidant assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), metal chelating and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Furthermore, Total phenolic content (TPC) and Total flavonoid content (TFC) tests were done. Among the three extracts of Brucea javanica seeds, ethyl acetate extract showed the highest total phenolic content (98.5 ±0.1mg GAE/g dry extract). The highest total flavonoid content (20 ± 0.4mg QAE/g of dry weight) and DPPH inhibition activity 90%. Ethyl acetate extract also exhibited the highest chelating activity with 59% inhibition in the metal chelating assay. However, the Rancimat showed a maximum of 69hour induction period (IP) in biodiesel when gallic acid is added.
LARVICIDAL AND ANTIFEEDANT ACTIVITIES OF CLOVE LEAF OIL AGAINST Spodoptera litura (F.) ON SOYBEAN

Economic losses due to infestation by the soybean armyworm, Spodoptera litura can reach up to 100%. Some farmers often used insecticide to control the armyworm. However, regular use of insecticide can cause several negative effects such as environmental pollution, residual toxicity, and health hazard for human. The objective of this research was to determine the larvicidal, antifeedant, and activities of clove leaf oil (CLO) against the armyworm S. litura on soybean. The research was carried out at the plant pest control laboratory of Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Malang. Clove leaf oil was evaluated for its larvicidal and antifeedant activities against ten third instar larvae of the armyworm. Completely randomized design was used with concentration levels of CLO as treatments. i.e. 0.4, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, and 2.0% by volume. Profenofos 500 g L 0.1% and distilled water were include as control. Each treatment consisted of five replications. Mortality of the larvae and antifeedant activity were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by probit analysis for calculating LC 50 and LT 50 -1. The results showed that CLO at 2.0% concentration was the most effective with regard to larvicidal and antifeedant activities. The LC 50 of CLO was 0.09% with LT 24.6 hours. This study revealed that the environmentally friendly CLO can be used as an alternative to synthetic insecticide for control S. litura.
A Compact Reaction Mechanism of Methane Oxidation at High Pressures

A skeletal methane kinetic mechanism is developed for conditions relating to the combustion of undiluted methane–oxygen mixtures at high pressures. The new skeletal mechanism is based on the detailed mechanism of oxidation of alkanes by Zhukov (2009). The skeletal model has been created by eliminating unimportant species and reactions from the detailed mechanism. The reduction technique is based on the reaction path and sensitivity analyses. They allow one to determine the reactions and species that play important roles in combustion in rocket combustion chambers. The skeletal mechanism consists of 23 species and 51 reactions. The final and intermediate versions of the skeletal mechanism are compared with the parent detailed mechanism, with other reduced kinetic models and with experimental data on the ignition of methane at high pressures. This comparison shows that the developed skeletal mechanism has a better performance than other kinetic mechanisms in terms of accuracy and required computational power.
Rheological Study of Soft Matters: A Review of Microrheology and Microrheometers

Rheological properties of soft matter like polymer solutions/gels, colloidal dispersions, and biological materials have been extensively studied by macroscopic methods. Recently, a set of microrheometers has emerged as powerful tools to investigate the dynamics and structures of homogeneous or heterogeneous soft matter at the micro- or nanoscale. In this review, these microrheometers, including some novel hybrid microrheometers are summarized and compared.
Evaluation of an Algorithm for Automatic Grading of Forum Messages in MOOC Discussion Forums

Discussion forums are a valuable source of information in educational platforms such as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), as users can exchange opinions or even help other students in an asynchronous way, contributing to the sustainability of MOOCs even with low interaction from the instructor. Therefore, the use of the forum messages to get insights about students’ performance in a course is interesting. This article presents an automatic grading approach that can be used to assess learners through their interactions in the forum. The approach is based on the combination of three dimensions: (1) the quality of the content of the interactions, (2) the impact of the interactions, and (3) the user’s activity in the forum. The evaluation of the approach compares the assessment by experts with the automatic assessment obtaining a high accuracy of 0.8068 and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) of 0.1799, which outperforms previous existing approaches. Future research work can try to improve the automatic grading by the training of the indicators of the approach depending on the MOOCs or the combination with text mining techniques.
Some experiments with adaptive penalty methods in the numerical solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations

This paper presents and tests an adaptive scheme for the penalty method. First, the penalty method is introduced as an optimization method and then applied to the Navier-Stokes equations. The energy equation, proof of stability and consistency error of the penalty method is given. Some computational tests of the penalty method in FEniCS are presented, showing the first-order convergence, with plots of the error. A sample code to recreate the results is included. Next, the idea of an adaptive method is discussed and presented in the case of the penalty method, adapted from a recent paper. The energy equation and inequality are given, showing stability. Numerical experiments in FEniCS are presented for a fixed timestep and varying epsilon, as well as a test of the doubly adaptive scheme.
Maternal health care decision-making process at the family level in Geita Region, Tanzania: A qualitative study

Background : Most maternal deaths are preventable if a woman is able to identity danger signs and seek obstetric health care without delay. However, lack of knowledge on obstetric danger signs and a prolonged decision-making process at family level may contribute to the high maternal mortality. Currently, there is little known on how the process of decision-making at family level in seeking obstetric care is being made in Tanzania. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the process on decision-making at family level in seeking maternal health care during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum period in the Geita Region, Tanzania. Methods : A qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interview was conducted at Chato District Hospital in the Geita Region with seven fathers and seven mothers who were attending the Reproductive Child Health Clinic.Participants were recruited using purposeful sampling and interviews were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Three themes emerged from this study, including recognition of danger signs, decision-making process, and perceived influencers for seeking maternal health care. Almost all participants were aware of obstetric danger signs, yet some gaps remained among husbands. The process of decision-making starts with the woman herself who then communicates to others for discussion but the final decision-making in seeking care is dominated by husbands, parents, or neighbors, rather than mothers alone. Observing danger signs and perceived quality of care available from the health facilities were the most predominate influencers for seeking maternal health care. Conclusion: While the process of decision-making in every family starts with the woman herself, others are consulted for discussion prior to reaching a decision about seeking maternal health care, resulting in delays in accessing care. It is positive that most of the decision makers had good understanding of obstetric danger signs and that observation of those danger signs encourage access of maternal health care. However, continued education on obstetric danger signs in the community is needed as well as quality care needs to be available and known to be provided at health care facilities to encourage early seeking of maternal health care. Keywords : maternal health; decision-making; Tanzania
Organic superalkalis with closed-shell structure and aromaticity

ABSTRACT Benzene (C6H6) and polycyclic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene (C10H8), anthracene (C14H10) and coronene (C24H12) are well known aromatic organic compounds. We study the substitution of Li replacing all H-atoms in these hydrocarbons using density functional method. The vertical ionisation energy of such lithiated species, i.e. C6Li6, C10Li8, C14Li10 and C24Li12 ranges 4.24–4.50 eV, which is lower than the ionisation energy (IE) of Li atom. Thus, these species may behave as superalkalis due to their lower IE than alkali metal. However, these lithiated species possess planar and closed-shell structure, unlike typical superalkalis. Furthermore, all Li-substituted species are aromatic although their degree of aromaticity is reduced as compared to corresponding hydrocarbon analogues. We have further explored the structure of C6Li6 as star-like, unlike its inorganic analogue B3N3Li6, which appears as fan-like structure. We have also demonstrated that the interaction of C6Li6 with a superhalogen (such as BF4) is similar to that of a typical superalkali (such as OLi3). This may further suggest that the proposed lithiated species may form a new class of closed-shell organic superalkalis with aromaticity.
Effect of calcium pectate on the biochemical and pigment changes during the ripening of bitter gourd fruit (Momordica charantia L Var-Co-1)

The present investigation was aimed to study the effect of calcium pectate on the ripening of Momordica charantia L. Var-Co-1 fruits. The fruits were treated with different micro molar concentration of (50, 70 and 100 mM) calcium pectate. The colour changes from green to yellow with in the 4 day the 5th day the fruit got split into several valves with over ripening. All the studies were carried out using the fruit pericarp tissue individually both in the treated and control fruits and the following results were obtained during the ripening process. The chlorophyll content protein and starch decreased while the carotenoid, anthocyanins and sugars increased during ripening. Among the different concentration of calcium pectate (50, 70 and 100 mM). The 70 mM concentration treated fruits alone had more delaying effect then that of other treatment during the ripening process.
Effets cumulatifs et compétitifs des éléments chimiques sur l’altération des verres nucléaires

Cette these s’inscrit dans l’etude du comportement a long terme des verres nucleaires en conditions de stockage. Son objectif est de determiner, de comprendre et de comparer les effets de certains elements chimiques presents dans la composition du verre et/ou dans le milieu de stockage (Zn, Mg, Ni, Co, Fe, Ca, Gd, Ce, K, Cs, Cr et Ag) sur les differents processus mis en jeux lors de l’alteration aqueuse des verres nucleaires. Dans ce cadre, une attention particuliere a ete portee sur le caractere cumulatif ou competitif des effets de ces elements chimiques. Pour cela, un verre simple a 6 oxydes (ISG) a ete altere pendant plus de 500 jours dans une solution contenant un ou plusieurs des elements chimiques d’interet. Les elements Zn, Mg, Ni, Co et Fe augmentent l’alteration du verre en formant des phases secondaires de meme structure (smectites tricotaedriques) et de meme stœchiometrie (a l’element pres). Leur precipitation consomme des elements chimiques du milieu (Si, Al) et induit une diminution de pH. Ce processus se maintient jusqu’a l’atteinte d’un pH limite propre a chaque phase secondaire, au-dessous duquel leur precipitation est inhibee. Par la suite, ces elements peuvent s’integrer dans le gel d’alteration en remplacement du Ca rendu plus soluble par la baisse du pH. Tant qu’ils forment des phases secondaires, les effets de ces elements sont cumulatifs. Les terres rares Gd et Ce augmentent aussi l’alteration du verre en formant des phases secondaires mais leurs effets sont plus faibles car elles sont moins silicatees. Ces elements, ne s’integrent pas dans le gel. Le Cr precipite avec le Ca pour former une phase qui appauvrit le gel en Ca, entraine une diminution du pH et augmente l’alteration du verre.Les elements K, Cs et Ca limitent l’alteration du verre en s’integrant dans le gel et en ralentissant les phenomenes de transport en son sein. Cette integration est competitive : l’ordre d’integration (quantite et efficacite sur la limitation de l’alteration) est le suivant Ca >> Cs > K. L’element Ag precipitant sous forme d’AgCl, n’a pas d’effet sur l’alteration du verre : cette phase ne modifie ni le milieu, ni le developpement de la pellicule d’alteration.Ainsi, l’augmentation de l’alteration pourrait etre proportionnelle a la quantite d’elements favorisant la precipitation de phases secondaires, mais la diminution de pH qui l’accompagne limite ce processus. Les effets des elements qui diminuent l’alteration du verre en s’incorporant dans le gel, sont limites en quantite par la composition du gel et sa capacite a les recevoir, et en qualite par la nature meme des elements.