Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient and Secure Cluster-Based Architecture for AMI Communication in Smart Grid

Smart Grid has revolutionized Traditional Grid System by merging bi-directional communication network and information technology. Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is an integral part of Smart Grid used to measure power consumed and demands at consumer-end. In this article, we propose an efficient and secure cluster-based architecture for AMI in Smart Grid, which fulfills the primary security requirements like confidentiality, authentication and integrity. Analysis shows that the proposed secure architecture for AMI in Smart Grid is efficient in terms of resource utilization.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SOFTWARE PROTOTYPE FOR THE GEO-REFERENCING AND VISUALIZATION OF NON-METRIC TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAPHY IN A GIS ENVIRONMENT

Conventional approaches to adding realism in a GIS environment involve the development of complicated 3D geometric models through the use of sophisticated computer hardware and software. While these approaches provide for some benefits with regard to increased user comprehension, they are often limited due to the complexity of their creation and inability to provide realistic visual cues for the user. This is especially significant in the development of real-time navigation systems, where the uninitiated user must be able to quickly and efficiently interpret directions provided on a computer display. This paper focuses on the integration of digital terrestrial photographs in a map-based (GIS) environment acquired with a non-metric camera (conventional and/or digital) which can be readily understood and appreciated by the non-specialist. Standard stereo-photographic techniques are used to link 360-degree panoramic virtual environments to a dynamic GIS database within a software prototype. The linked panoramic and map interface allows for user query and interaction. Techniques and results are outlined for the creation of the system, including: acquisition, processing (data reduction), and visualization. Ease of use and low cost were primary considerations for the development of the prototype. The overall performance of the system is considered and future development work is explored.
Clinical Study Protective Effects of Trehalose on the Corneal Epithelial Cells

1 Department of Experimental Medical-Surgical Sciences, Regional Referral Center for the Ocular Surface Diseases, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy 2 Department of Social and Environmental Health, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Histology and Embryology, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
Partnerships and participation in conducting poverty-related health research

Partnerships and participation are important principles of primary health care and increasingly are advocated in poverty-related health research. These concepts were central to our study of low-income Canadians’ use of health-related services and supports. We created partnerships by including community members on the research team, establishing a community advisory committee, involving community agencies in recruitment and interviews, and obtaining stakeholder perspectives on the research findings. We fostered participation of low-income people by including their perspectives during the design and implementation of the study, reducing barriers for participation, and using peer interviewers. Despite the successes of these strategies for promoting partnerships and participation, challenges emerged in relation to maintaining involvement of stakeholders and ensuring adequate opportunities for research capacity building. Stakeholders and lowincome people identified policy and service delivery changes that would enhance accessibility to health-related services as well as potential barriers that influence change efforts. Participants emphasized the need to view poverty as ‘everyone’s business’, which necessitates participation and partnerships with people living in poverty, with service providers, and with policy influencers. Our findings suggest, however, that people living in poverty encounter barriers to participation, and that further efforts are needed to obtain their input in the development of programmes, services, and policies. We recommend that primary health care research include community partners on the research team, community advisory committees and perspectives of policy makers and service providers. Researchers require adequate funding to develop and maintain partnerships with stakeholders, to train and support vulnerable people in developing skills and confidence as active research participants and to communicate the research to relevant stakeholders. We also recommend that evaluation of the participatory process be built into the research design.
Mathematical Analysis of propensity of aberration on the methods for interval estimation of the multinomial proportions

The multinomial distribution has found applications in many practical situations that deal with a discrete random variable with k possibilities (k > 2). Interval estimation for the proportion parameter in a special case k = 2, the binomial distribution has been studied extensively in literature. However for k > 2, studies have focused the performance of estimation procedure mainly on coverage probabilities and yet there are other important aspects such as propensity of aberration in the limits of confidence intervals and computational issues. The present paper makes an attempt to look beyond coverage probabilities by marshalling the existing procedures in classical and Bayesian approaches for k > 2. To alleviate the computational issues, a comprehensive R program is also made available to facilitate the implementation of the procedures in both classical and Bayesian statistical paradigms.
Associative Priming and Implicit Bias Towards African Americans

Understanding racial prejudice towards African Americans using implicit measures, such as associative techniques like racial priming, provide a sensitive way to assess racial bias. In addition to understanding racial prejudice, it is also important to explore the interaction between race and gender as well as the neural correlates of these effects. This study examined the neural correlates of weapon bias against African Americans and the effect of race and gender using event-related potentials (ERPs). EEG was recorded while thirteen White participants completed a racial priming task that required them to decide whether a target preceded by a face prime was a weapon or a tool. Participants also completed 2 explicit measures: The Modern Racism Scale (MRS) and the Motivation to Control Prejudiced Reactions Scale (MCP). Analyses revealed faster response times preceded by a Black prime. ERPs to targets suggested that the P2, N2, and P3 were sensitive to prime type, being larger for Black primes, while the late positive component (LPC) was sensitive to targets, being larger for weapons. Correlational analyses revealed that increased motivations to control prejudice were associated with longer reaction times to identify targets, while MRS scores were negatively associated with LPC amplitudes to targets. These findings suggest that early latency ERPs to targets were sensitive to prime type, and the LPCs was sensitive to threat-related targets and that cue/target activity did not interact. These results could be beneficial for creating training programs nationwide for police officers.
Interactive comment on “ Development of an aerosol microphysical module : Aerosol Two-dimensional bin module for foRmation and Aging Simulation ( ATRAS ) ” by H .

The paper "Development of an aerosolk microphyiscal module: Aerosol Twodimensional bin module for foRmation and Aging Simulation (ATRAS)" by Matsui at al. describes the structure of a detailed microphysical aerosol module and its application over East Asia. The model features a high number of aerosol size bins to distinguish the particle composition with respect to the amount of black carbon in the particles. The effect of the detailed mixing state desription and its effects on the BC budget as well as on optical properties and CCN numbers are analysed; furthermore the effect of the model description of nucleation and SOA formation and partitioning is investigated. The paper is well written, even though it is relatively technical. The gain of new scien-
Dynamics of Pantograph-catenary Coupled System with Contact Wire Vertical Irregularities

Dynamical responses of the pantograph-catenary coupled system were studied in consideration vertical irregularities of contact wires.The dynamical model of the pantograph-catenary coupled system was established.The measured data of vertical irregularities of contact wires were introduced into the modal.Though simulation,the contact pressures between the pantograph and contact wires of vertical irregularities were obtained for different train speeds.The contact wire vertical irregularity PSD was worked out by using maximum entropy spectral estimation(MESE) based on the measured contact wire height data.The regularity of the contact wire heights was evaluated.The contact wire vertical irregularity samples corresponding to the same PSD were obtained and introduced into the pantograph-catenary coupled dynamical model.The statistics of contact pressures between the pantograph and the contact wires were deduced from simulations.The law of contact wire vertical irregularities affecting contact pressures was revealed.The numerical results show that the contact wire vertical irregularities have significant influence on the dynamics of the pantograph-catenary system.
What is the energy price of independent living? A review of energy consumption of AT products in inclusive smart homes

Maintaining good health and independence for as long as possible is essential for a globally ageing population and people with disabilities. Assistive Technology (AT) products are intended to enhance the functional capabilities and increase independence for elderly and individuals living with disabilities. Some of AT products are relatively low-tech devices such as glasses, grips, and crutches. The application of safety-critical products that consume comparatively large amounts of domestic energy may require additional consideration in regions where reliability of energy delivery may be an issue. A mainstream ‘smart home’ offers the owner the convenience of monitoring and controlling their domestic environment. These proprietary environmental controllers are now affordable through commercial systems such as monitoring and controlling environment controllers for instance Hive, Amazon Alexa, Echo and Siri etc. These systems are often low-voltage and do not appear to add significantly to domestic energy consumption. Individuals and families living with a cognitive or physical disability often require motorized systems that draw much more energy than monitoring systems. Whilst energy consumption relating to mainstream smart homes is well documented, energy use in daily activities among those with physical disability is less well defined. This leads to the question: “what is energy consumption and associated cost for independent living for the people with disabilities within a smart home? ” To explore this question further, a literature review of smart home and specific high-energy requirement equipment was completed. Databases were chosen that provide a wide range of literature that has a focus on smart homes and AT products associated with tasks that aid manual handling and moving. A number of personas were created from information gathered from the literature review to provide an indication of the amount of energy consumed, with an indication of when spikes in demand may occur. The study concludes with the comparison of an AT smart home with a mainstream equivalent, savings in care costs and consequences of power outage for the AT homes. Areas for further research are also suggested.
Ootaxonomic investigation of the Italian species of the genus Electrogena (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae)

Abstract The egg chorion of the Italian species of the genus Electrogena was investigated using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The eggs examined showed distinctive chorionic patterns. Electrogena grandiae, E. lateralis and E. zebrata showed attachment structures characterized by knob‐terminated coiled threads (KCTs). These structures were uniformly scattered over the egg surface in E. grandiae, while in E. lateralis they differed in size and position. In E. zebrata, the attachment structures were of uniform size and formed a dense mat over the whole egg surface. In contrast, no specialized sculptures were found in E. fallax and E. gridellii. The different chorionic patterns allowed specific identifications. The affinities and the taxonomic position of the species examined are discussed.
Enhancing Performability through Domestic and International Clustering: A Case Study of Samsung Electronics Corporation (SEC)

Clustering is a very important business strategy in enhancing a firm’s performability. Porter provided a seminal theory in this field, but it has three limitations. First, the current theory cannot explain how cluster emerges. Second, a narrow perspective on geographic configuration has limitations in explaining a variety of real business practices. Lastly, Porter’s cluster concept is domestically oriented and understates multinational activities in terms of enhancing corporate performability. Embracing these limitations, this paper extends Porter’s cluster theory and provides a more comprehensive view on the real business world. We then apply it to a successful cluster strategy used by Samsung Electronics Corporation to enhance its performability.
Boards’ Gender Mix and Extent of Environmental Responsibility Information Disclosure in Nigeria: An Empirical Study

This study examines the extent to which environmental information disclosure is predicted by a board’s gender mix. An empirical analysis of panel data from environmentally sensitive sectors of the Nigerian stock exchange shows that the presence and proportion of female directors on a board has a significant impact on its environmental responsibility and information disclosure. Slack resources in contrast had no effect on the extent of environmental practices of sample firms. The study recommends conscious efforts both at firm and governmental levels in striking equipoise in the gender mix of corporate boards and also defining stringent rules in practices and reporting of environmental concerns. Keywords: Social responsibility, corporate governance, environmental reporting, emissions, labor discrimination
Genetic characterization of autochthonous pig breeds from Spain with microsatellite markers

The European pig genetic resources are essentially formed from breeds belonging to two ancient strains: the Celtic type in north-central Europe and the Mediterranean type in the south. Both types were represented in Spain by native breeds, but today only the Iberian pig is completely developed. Other autochthonous breeds are rare, endangered or extinct. Population structure and genetic diversity in the Spanish native breeds of pigs Iberico (ten varieties), Chato Murciano, Negro Canario, Negro de Formentera e Ibiza, Celta and Euskal Txerria were analyzed by typing 25 microsatellite markers recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Within and between breed genetic variation was estimated by heterozygosities, F-statistics estimate, genetic distances and assignment tests. The results of this study confirm that Spanish local breeds of pigs represent a very interesting reservoir of allelic diversity, even though the current levels of inbreeding observed in some of the studied breeds. Therefore, appropriate conservation efforts should be undertaken, such as adopting strategies aimed at minimizing inbreeding, to avoid further losses of genetic diversity.
Bank Scale of Economies, Banking Industry Concentration, and Competition Level: The Indonesian Case

Banking sector efficiency in a country is directly influenced by regulations that set up by the banking authorities in that country, especially what kind of banking industry structure that regulator intend by those regulation. Indonesian Banking Architecture which encourage mergers and acquisitions of smaller banks, has a clear target that Indonesian banking industry should have a leaner industry structure with fewer number of banks but with relatively large assets, higher industry concentration higher and more tighter competition. This policy is driven by the regulator’s belief that Indonesian banks has not achieved its economies of scales and competition is relatively low so that the Indonesian banking operating costs are among the highest among Asian countries. The opposite actually happened in the USA where the regulator is precisely to prevent mergers between major banks due to economies of scale bank in the United States has been exceeded. The reserach results showed the group of large banks in Indonesia is more efficient than medium and small banks and the efficiency is more due to economies of scale than caused by the concentration of the industry and the level of competition between banks.
The East Atlantic and Mediterranean bluefin tuna stock management: uncertainties and alternatives

Although the Atlantic bluefin tuna has been studied for more than a century, the assessment of the East stock is characterised by a large amount of uncertainty. In 2000, this situation became so critical that quantitative stock assessment has been postponed. The first part of the present study aims to list the main difficulties that have led to the current situation and tries to discern between subjective and objective uncertainty. The former, which is due to an incomplete knowledge of the system and which has increased in the past few years, is mainly due to a decreasing quality of the catch and effort data, that has followed the establishment of a TAC. The latter source of uncertainty, which results from the underlying variability in stochastic processes, mainly relates, for this species, to spatial and temporal changes in stock size, growth and migration. The second part of this study presents the results of simulation modelling, which could be, in the meantime, an useful tool for short-term management of the East Atlantic and Mediterranean BFT stock.
TREND OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF FAMILY FARMS: CASE OF LITHUANIA

The Common Agricultural Policy post-2020 emphasizes that sustainable economic development is an important factor of family farms. Scientific problem: the trends of sustainable economic development of family farms and the recommendations for promotion of sustainability. Research aim: to provide suggestions on promotion of sustainability upon assessment of the trends of sustainable economic development of the Lithuanian family farms. Family farm sustainable economic development index has been used for identification of the trends. Nine types of sustainable economic development of family farms have been identified. Analysis of the types of sustainable economic development of Lithuanian family farms by specialization has been conducted and the causes which have determined the situation at the farms have been identified. JEL Codes: Q12, Q14.
Highly variable AGN from the XMM-Newton Slew Survey

We investigate the properties of a variability-selected complete sample of AGN in order to identify the mechanisms which cause large amplitude X-ray variability on time scales of years. A complete sample of 24 sources was constructed, from AGN which changed their soft X-ray luminosity by more than one order of magnitude over 5--20 years between ROSAT observations and the XMM Slew Survey. Follow-up observations were obtained with the Swift satellite. After removal of two probable spurious sources, we find that the sample has global properties which differ little from a non-varying control sample drawn from the wider XMM-Slew/ROSAT/Veron sample of all secure AGN detections. A wide range of AGN types are represented in the varying sample. The black hole mass distributions for the varying and non-varying sample are not significantly different. This suggests that long timescale variability is not strongly affected by black hole mass. There is marginal evidence that the variable sources have a lower redshift (2$\sigma$) and X-ray luminosity (1.7$\sigma$). Apart from two radio-loud sources, the sample have normal optical-X-ray ratios ($\alpha_{\rm OX}$) when at their peak but are X-ray weak during their lowest flux measurements. Drawing on our results and other studies, we are able to identify a variety of variability mechanisms at play: tidal disruption events, jet activity, changes in absorption, thermal emission from the inner accretion disc, and variable accretion disc reflection. Little evidence for strong absorption is seen in the majority of the sample and single-component absorption can be excluded as the mechanism for most sources.
Recursive Incremental Computation for E ffi cient Window Aggregate over Array Database

An array database is effective for managing and analyzing multi-dimensional scientific big data, and the window aggregate is an important operator in array databases. This paper proposes an efficient method that exploits the scheme of incremental computation and accelerates the execution of window aggregate considerably. Six types of aggregates are improved using different design of buffer tools to eliminate redundant computation. Our proposed recursive incremental computation method completely eliminates all redundant computation. Proposed method is fully implemented in SciDB. Evaluation is conducted on real scientific data as NASA MODIS data. The proposed method achieves performance improvements of 10x for the real application in earth science, comparing with SciDB’s built-in window operator. The results align with our time-complexity analysis results.
Grass hay as a supplement for grazing cattle. I. Animal performance.

Regrowth grass hay produced on subirrigated meadows in the Nebraska Sandhills was evaluated as a supplement for gestating beef cows grazing winter range. Ninety-six crossbred spring calving, gestating beef cows were used in a winter supplementation study on upland Sandhills range from 5 November to 27 February in 1990 and again in 1991. Cows were divided into 4 treatments (24 cows/treatment): 1) control (range forage only, no supplement); 2) range forage and 2.2 kg cow-l day-1 of meadow regrowth hay (15.5% crude protein); 3) range forage and 1.2 kg cow-1 day-1 of a 30% wheat grain and 70% soybean meal:30% wheat supplement (36.0% crude protein); and 4) range forage with supplements in treatments 2 and 3 fed on alternate days. Meadow hay and soybean meal:wheat supplements provided 0.32 kg of crude protein/cow daily. Supplemented cows gained 3 to 53 kg body weight/year and maintained body condition, while control cows lost an average of 24.5 kg body weight/year and lost body condition. Intake of range forage was less (P 0.05) for all treatments. We concluded that subirrigated meadow regrowth grass hay was an effective alternative to traditional soybean meal-based supplements for maintaining body weight and body condition of gestating beef cows grazing winter range.