Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile Code Anti-Reversing Scheme Based on Bytecode Trapping in ART

As interest in Internet of Things environments rapidly increases throughout the IT convergence field, compatibility with mobile devices must be provided to enable personalized services. The security of mobile platforms and applications is critical because security vulnerabilities of mobile devices can be spread to all things in these environments. Android, the leading open mobile platform, has long used the Dalvik virtual machine as its runtime system. However, it has recently been completely replaced by a new runtime system, namely Android Runtime (ART). The change from Android’s Dalvik to ART means that the existing Dalvik bytecode-based application execution structure has been changed to a machine code-based application execution structure. Consequently, a detailed understanding of ART, such as new file formats and execution switching methods between codes, is required from the viewpoint of application security. In this paper, we demonstrate that an existing Dalvik-based application vulnerability can be exploited as-is in ART. This is because existing Dalvik executable files coexist in the ART executable file, and these Dalvik bytecodes and compiled machine codes have one-to-one mapping relationships. We then propose an ART-based application protection scheme to secure this by dynamically eliminating the one-to-one mapping. In addition, the proposed scheme is implemented to evaluate its reverse engineering resistance and performance through experiments.
A calibration method for estimating critical cavitation loads from below in 3D nonlinear elasticity

In this paper we give an explicit sufficient condition for the affine map uλ(x):=λx to be the global energy minimizer of a general class of elastic stored-energy functionals I(u)=∫ΩW(∇u)dx in three space dimensions, where W is a polyconvex function of 3×3 matrices. The function space setting is such that cavitating (i.e., discontinuous) deformations are admissible. In the language of the calculus of variations, the condition ensures the quasiconvexity of I(⋅) at λ1, where 1 is the 3×3 identity matrix. Our approach relies on arguments involving null Lagrangians (in this case, affine combinations of the minors of 3×3 matrices), on the previous work Bevan & Zeppieri, 2015, and on a careful numerical treatment to make the calculation of certain constants tractable. We also derive a new condition, which seems to depend heavily on the smallest singular value λ1(∇u) of a competing deformation u, that is necessary for the inequality I(u)
How to Make the Most out of Very Little

I review the problem of referential ambiguity that arises when children learn the meanings of words, along with a number of models that have been proposed to solve it. I then provide a formal analysis of why a resource-limited model that retains very few meaning hypotheses may be more effective than "big data" models that keep track of all word-meaning associations.
Neural Event Extraction from Movies Description

We present a novel approach for event extraction and abstraction from movie descriptions. Our event frame consists of “who”, “did what” “to whom”, “where”, and “when”. We formulate our problem using a recurrent neural network, enhanced with structural features extracted from syntactic parser, and trained using curriculum learning by progressively increasing the difficulty of the sentences. Our model serves as an intermediate step towards question answering systems, visual storytelling, and story completion tasks. We evaluate our approach on MovieQA dataset.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF INTRAGUILD PREDATION FOR THE ROLE OF SPIDERS IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

Evidence is growing that spiders can be effective biological control agents, particulary assemblages of several species. Other evidence finds that spiders prey on each other and other generalist predators, and as such are of limited value in biological control. Such predatory interactions between species which use similar resources have been dubbed intraguild predation (IGP) due to their potential to modify competition as well as cause direct mortality. IGP interactions can have unexpected effects at other trophic levels, and sometimes result in enhancement of a pest population. In this paper I review the evidence for intraguild predation interactions involving spiders in natural systems, and other generalist predators in agroecosystems. To date not much research has examined whether such interactions influence spider biological control potential. Some suggestions as to how we might begin to address these issues are presented.
The protective roles of ethnic identity and community cohesion on substance use among Black women experiencing adversity

Abstract This study employs a strengths-based approach to explore associations of ethnic identity and community cohesion with substance use among Black women experiencing adversity. Black women (N = 107; Mage = 34.2, SD = 7.7) completed interviews about their sociodemographics, HIV status, intimate partner violence exposure, ethnic identity, community connectedness, and substance use. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine associations of ethnic identity and community cohesion with substance use, accounting for age and socioeconomic status. The overall model was significant, with greater ethnic identity (β = −.25, p < .01) and more community cohesion (β = −.29, p < .01) associated with lower substance use. Findings highlight the value of contextual factors in substance use prevention among Black women.
Dissecting the Stromal Signaling and Regulation of Myeloid Cells and Memory Effector T Cells in Pancreatic Cancer

Purpose: Myeloid cells are a prominent immunosuppressive component within the stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Previously, targeting myeloid cells has had limited success. Here, we sought to target the myeloid cells through modifying a specific stromal component. Experimental Design: A murine model of metastatic PDAC treated with an irradiated whole-cell PDAC vaccine and PDAC specimens from patients treated with the same type of vaccine were used to assess the immune-modulating effect of stromal hyaluronan (HA) degradation by PEGPH20. Results: Targeting stroma by degrading HA with PEGPH20 in combination with vaccine decreases CXCL12/CXCR4/CCR7 immunosuppressive signaling axis expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts, myeloid, and CD8+ T cells, respectively. This corresponds with increased CCR7− effector memory T-cell infiltration, an increase in tumor-specific IFNγ, and improved survival. In the stroma of human PDACs treated with the same vaccine, decreased stromal CXCR4 expression significantly correlated with decreased HA and increased cytotoxic activities, suggesting CXCR4 is an important therapeutic target. Conclusions: This study represents the first to dissect signaling cascades following PDAC stroma remodeling via HA depletion, suggesting this not only overcomes a physical barrier for immune cell trafficking, but alters myeloid function leading to downstream selective increases in effector memory T-cell infiltration and antitumor activity.
Changes in motor unit activity and respiratory oxygen uptake during 6 weeks of progressive whole-body vibration combined with progressive, high intensity resistance training

Objectives: We hypothesized that the additional activation of motor units (MU) and the elevation of metabolic energy turnover resulting from whole-body vibration (WBV) superimposed to high intensity resistance training on a smith machine persist after 6 weeks of training with progressively increasing loads and vibration frequencies. Methods: Two groups of healthy male subjects performed either 6 weeks of Resistive Vibration Exercise (RVE, squats and heel raises with WBV, n=13) or Resistive Exercise (RE using the same protocol, n=13). During the first (pre) and the last training session (post), we determined the oxygen uptake changes normalized to total training weight (∆V’O2/ttw) and the normalized MU activity from rectus femoris (squats) and gastrocnemius lateralis (heel raise) muscles filtered for vibration frequencies and harmonics (EMG/ttw). Results: At pre measurement, RVE induced higher EMG/ttw (squats) than RE alone (group effect, P=0.006). At post measurement, EMG/ttw was reduced (time effects between P=0.087 and P<0.001 for both groups and exercises). At pre and post measurement, ∆V’O2/ttw was higher during RVE than during RE (group effects between P=0.005 and P=0.099 for both exercises). Conclusions: RVE permanently elevated metabolic energy turnover, although the initially observed additional MU activity by RVE could not be preserved in the working musculature.
Omission of temporal nuisance regressors from dual regression can improve accuracy of fMRI functional connectivity maps

Functional connectivity (FC) maps from brain fMRI data can be derived with dual regression, a proposed alternative to traditional seed‐based FC (SFC) methods that detect temporal correlation between a predefined region (seed) and other regions in the brain. As with SFC, incorporating nuisance regressors (NR) into the dual regression must be done carefully, to prevent potential bias and insensitivity of FC estimates. Here, we explore the potentially untoward effects on dual regression that may occur when NR correlate highly with the signal of interest, using both synthetic and real fMRI data to elucidate mechanisms responsible for loss of accuracy in FC maps. Our tests suggest significantly improved accuracy in FC maps derived with dual regression when highly correlated temporal NR were omitted. Single‐map dual regression, a simplified form of dual regression that uses neither spatial nor temporal NR, offers a viable alternative whose FC maps may be more easily interpreted, and in some cases be more accurate than those derived with standard dual regression.
Mos1 Element-Mediated CRISPR Integration of Transgenes in Caenorhabditis elegans

The introduction of exogenous genes in single-copy at precise genomic locations is a powerful tool that has been widely used in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we have streamlined the process by creating a rapid, cloning-free method of single-copy transgene insertion we call Mos1 element-mediated CRISPR integration (mmCRISPi). The protocol combines the impact of Mos1 mediated single-copy gene insertion (mosSCI) with the ease of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing, allowing in vivo construction of transgenes from linear DNA fragments integrated at defined loci in the C. elegans genome. This approach was validated by defining its efficiency at different integration sites in the genome and by testing transgene insert size. The mmCRISPi method benefits from in vivo recombination of overlapping PCR fragments, allowing researchers to mix-and-match between promoters, protein-coding sequences, and 3′ untranslated regions, all inserted in a single step at a defined Mos1 loci.
Evolutionary Expert-Supervised Despeckled SRAD Filter Design for SAR Images

There is no ideal speckle reduction filtering technique to efficiently reduce the level of noise in SAR images, while considering experts validation criteria which include a subjective component. We present an interactive easy-to-use software package, based on an evolutionary algorithm to perform adaptive anisotropic diffusion speckle filtering for SAR images. As a main difference from other methodologies, there is an implication of SAR image processing expert which provides a subjective validation to complete the diffusion filter design. We apply the methodology to a set of SAR images having speckle and the results show the excellent potential of the proposal.
The Helicobacter pylori Urease Virulence Factor Is Required for the Induction of Hypoxia-Induced Factor-1α in Gastric Cells

Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of gastric cancer and induction of hypoxia-induced factor (HIF), which is frequently associated with the development and progression of several types of cancer. We recently showed that H. pylori activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in gastric cells increased HIF-1α expression. Here, we identified the H. pylori virulence factor responsible for HIF-1α induction. A mutant of the H. pylori 84-183 strain was identified with reduced ability to induce HIF-1α. Coomassie blue staining of extracts from these bacteria separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed poor expression of urease subunits that correlated with reduced urease activity. This finding was confirmed in the 26695 strain, where urease mutants were unable to induce HIF-1α expression. Of note, HIF-1α induction was also observed in the presence of the urease inhibitor acetohydroxamic acid at concentrations (of 20 mM) that abrogated urease activity in bacterial culture supernatants, suggesting that enzymatic activity of the urease is not required for HIF-1α induction. Finally, the pre-incubation of the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS with blocking antibodies against Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2), but not TLR4, prevented HIF-1α induction. In summary, these results reveal a hitherto unexpected role for the urease protein in HIF-1α induction via TLR2 activation following H. pylori infection of gastric cells.
Electron-enhanced atomic layer deposition of silicon thin films at room temperature

Silicon thin films were deposited at room temperature with electron-enhanced atomic layer deposition (EE-ALD) using sequential exposures of disilane (Si2H6) and electrons. EE-ALD promotes silicon film growth through hydrogen electron stimulated desorption (ESD) that creates reactive dangling bonds and facilitates Si2H6 adsorption at low temperatures. Without hydrogen ESD, silicon growth relies on thermal pathways for H2 desorption and dangling bond formation at much higher temperatures. An electron flood gun was utilized to deposit Si films over areas of ∼1 cm2 on oxide-capped Si(111) substrates. The silicon film thickness was monitored in situ with a multiwavelength ellipsometer. A threshold electron energy of ∼25 eV was observed for the Si film growth. A maximum growth rate of ∼0.3 A/cycle was measured at electron energies of 100–150 eV. This growth rate is close to the anticipated growth rate assuming dissociative Si2H6 adsorption on dangling bonds on representative single-crystal silicon surfaces. The.
Enhanced Fee-for-Service Model and Access to Physician Services: Evidence from Family Health Groups in Ontario

We study an enhanced fee-for-service model for primary care physicians in the Family Health Groups (FHG) in Ontario, Canada. In contrast to the traditional fee-for-service (FFS) model, the FHG model includes targeted fee increases, extended hours, performance-based initiatives, and patient enrolment. Using a long panel of claims data, we find that the FHG model significantly increases physician productivity relative to the FFS model, as measured by the number of services, patient visits, and distinct patients seen. We also find that the FHG physicians have lower referral rates and treat slightly more complex patients than the comparable FFS physicians. These results suggest that the FHG model offers a promising alternative to the FFS model for improving access to physician services.
Investing in Food Safety for Developing Countries: Opportunities and Challenges in Applying Whole-Genome Sequencing for Food Safety Management

Abstract Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has become a significant tool in investigating foodborne disease outbreaks and some countries have incorporated WGS into national food control systems. However, WGS poses technical challenges that deter developing countries from incorporating it into their food safety management system. A rapid scoping review was conducted, followed by a focus group session, to understand the current situation regarding the use of WGS for foodborne disease surveillance and food monitoring at the global level and identify key limiting factors for developing countries in adopting WGS for their food control systems. The results showed that some developed nations routinely use WGS in their food surveillance systems resulting in more precise understanding of the causes of outbreaks. In developing nations, knowledge of WGS exists in the academic/research sectors; however, there is limited understanding at the government level regarding the usefulness of WGS for food safety regulatory activities. Thus, incorporation of WGS is extremely limited in most developing nations. While some countries lack the capacity to collect and analyze the data generated from WGS, the most significant technical gap in most developing countries is in data interpretation using bioinformatics. The gaps in knowledge and capacities between developed and developing nations regarding use of WGS likely introduce an inequality in international food trade, and thus, relevant international organizations, as well as the countries that are already proficient in the use of WGS, have significant roles in assisting developing nations to be able to fully benefit from the technology and its applications in food safety management.
WiFi Direct Internetworking

We propose to interconnect mobile devices using WiFi-Direct. Having that, it will be possible to interconnect multiple o -the-shelf mobile devices, via WiFi, but without any supportive infrastructure. This will pave the way for mobile autonomous collaborative systems that can operate in any conditions, like in disaster situations, in very crowded scenarios or in isolated areas. This work is relevant since the WiFi-Direct speci cation, that works on groups of devices, does not tackle inter-group communication and existing research solutions have strong limitations. We have a two phase work plan. Our rst goal is to achieve inter-group communication, i.e., enable the e cient interconnection of WiFi-Direct groups and be able to transmit data on top of these connections. We will then proceed to automatic network formation, i.e., to the development of algorithms for group formation by electing group heads, members and gateways nodes, taking into consideration the topologies previously proposed. We already developed three inter-group communication topologies, named GO2CR, GOGO and GOCRGO, and we are just starting the de nition of the network formation algorithms.
Ghost Spectroscopy with Classical Thermal Light Emitted by a Superluminescent Diode

We propose and realize the first classical ghost-imaging (GI) experiment in the frequency or wavelength domain, thus performing ghost spectroscopy using thermal light exhibiting photon bunching. The required wavelength correlations are provided by light emitted by spectrally broadband near-infrared amplified spontaneous emission of a semiconductor-based superluminescent diode. They are characterized by wavelength-resolved intensity cross-correlation measurements utilizing two-photon-absorption interferometry. Finally, a real-world spectroscopic application of this ghost spectroscopy with a classical light scheme is demonstrated in which an absorption band of trichloromethane (chloroform) at 1214 nm is reconstructed with a spectral resolution of 10 nm as a proof-of-principle experiment. This ghost-spectroscopy work fills the gap of a hitherto missing analogy between the spatial and the spectral domain in classical GI modalities, with the expectation of contributing towards a broader dissemination of correlated photon ghost modalities, hence paving the way towards more applications which exploit the favorable advantages.
Teachers' Use of Wikipedia with Their Students.

One of the most impressive phenomena in the creation and dissemination of human knowledge in recent years is Wikipedia, an encyclopedia written collaboratively by Web users. Nevertheless, teachers tend to oppose the use of wikipedia by their students and question its reliability. This paper explores the perceptions of k-12 school teachers in Israel towards the quality of the information in wikipedia and the reasoning they hold for these perceptions. Findings show that most of the teachers perceive Wikipedia as an environment of middling to poor reliability, accuracy, and timeliness. Many teachers do not realize how authoritative information is when generated by “wisdom of crowds” and interpret it as unacceptable and untrustworthy.
3 L : Learning Linux Logging ( Extended Abstract for BENEVOL ’ 15 )

Logging is a common and important programming practice, but choosing how to log is challenging, especially in a large, evolving software code base that provides many logging alternatives. Insufficient logging may complicate debugging, while logging incorrectly may result in excessive performance overhead and an overload of trivial logs. The Linux kernel has over 13 million lines of code, over 1100 different logging functions, and the strategies for when and how to log have evolved over time. To help developers log correctly we propose a framework that will learn existing logging practices from the software development history, and that will be capable of identifying new logging strategies, even when the new strategies just start to be adopted.
Therapeutic effects of isoflavone-aglycone fraction from soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) in rats with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary syndrome as an inflammatory state

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a proinflammatory/oxidative state resulting in metabolic dysregulation and ovarian dysfunction. Isoflavones in soybean seed possess anti-inflammatory/antioxidant properties. So, in this study, the effects of soybean isoflavone-aglycones on tissue inflammation, oxidative status, and ovarian histology in an animal model of PCOS were considered to achieve a novel therapeutic agent. Thirty-two female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): a control group receiving the vehicle (CON−); a group with PCOS receiving no treatment (PCOS); and two groups of PCOS rats treated with soybean isoflavone-aglycone fraction (SISAF) at 50 and 100 mg/kg (SISAF50 and SISAF100). PCOS was induced by injecting a single dose of estradiol valerate (4 mg/kg, IM) dissolved in 0.2 ml of sesame oil following 60 days for the full development of polycystic ovaries. The SISAF treatments were administered orally once a day for 21 days. Then, the ovaries were harvested for the assessment of oxidative/antioxidative parameters, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels concomitant with histological studies. Treatment with SISAF reduced the number of cystic follicles and thickness of the theca layer, as well as increasing the number of corpora lutea and granulosa cells in PCOS rats. Also, SISAF treatment significantly decreased ovarian tissue IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and improved total oxidative/antioxidative status compared to the PCOS group. Isoflavones may provide therapeutic effects in PCOS owing to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.