Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of eye movements and alternative dual tasks on the vividness and emotionality of negative autobiographical memories: A meta-analysis of laboratory studies

Performing eye movements during memory retrieval is considered to be important for the therapeutic effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). We conducted a meta-analysis of laboratory studies that compared the effects of eye movements and/or alternative dual tasks (e.g., counting) on the vividness and emotionality of negative autobiographical memories with recall only (control) conditions. The databases PsycINFO and Web of Science were queried. Fifteen studies that involved 942 participants were included. Eye movements and alternative dual tasks produced similar vividness and emotionality decreases, with the impact on vividness being strong than that on emotionality. However, eye movements yielded a stronger overall vividness reduction than alternative dual tasks, although the associated effect size was small (Cohen’s d = .29). Because eye movements and alternative dual tasks produced comparable effects, one might conclude that both tasks are therapeutic equivalents. However, it should be acknowledged that only a limited number of laboratory studies were included in our meta-analysis, and the degree to which both procedures tax working memory was not independently established. Although our conclusion cannot be generalized to clinical practice, it does raise questions about the mode of action of EMDR.
Zeitgeist effects, fragmentation of media use, and value consensus

Finland changed from an industrial society to an information society in 1991-2015. Due to economic fluctuations, diffusion of digitalization and media turbulence the period changed Finnish society a lot. We studied the impact of this on basic human values with Schwartz’s approach, and concentrated on zeitgeist effects. We developed a definition of zeitgeist effects and a set of hypotheses, based on the literature, to study how major societal changes influence values. Also, we found theoretical similarities between value consensus, democratization and the fragmentation of media use that we analyzed. Data (N = 7.172) were collected in five waves. We measured changes in the ten values, and used the two value dimensions based on factor analysis, also. Moreover, we used the Schwartz value map to illustrate value changes in social groups. The combination of the latter two methods offer a parsimonious way to get an overview of value change over a longer period of time, but single values suit better for the analysis of short-term changes. Our hypotheses received support regarding overall change that is small, as well as regarding zeitgeist effects in the 1990s, the disappearance of them in the new millennium, and how the values of social groups started to change in different directions in the era of social media. The above changes including the disappearance of zeitgeist effects in the new millennium were linked to societal events, e.g. fragmentation of media use. Moreover, we found that in a complex society zeitgeist effects might mirror simultaneous impact of several events.
Determination of Genomovar Status of Burkholderia cepacia Causing Banana Finger-tip Rot and Development of a Simple Semi-selective Medium for Isolation of the Pathogen

Banana finger-tip rot disease was observed in commercial fields in Pingtung County, Taiwan. Symptoms included small and externally distorted shape of diseased fingers, and brown discoloration of pulps. The pathogen was isolated and identified as Burkholderia cepacia in a previous study. The genomovar status of banana finger-tip rot pathogen in B. cepacia complex was further determined by PCR-RFLP pattern analysis of 16S rDNA and recA. The results suggested that the banana finger-tip rot pathogen was closely related to B. cepacia genomovar Ⅲ. In addition, the recA nucleotide sequence-based phylogenetic tree showed that banana finger-tip rot pathogen aligned more closely with the recA group Ⅲ A of genomovar Ⅲ. For epidemiological studies, a simple semi-selective medium (QY-TP) was developed for the isolation of banana finger-tip rot pathogen from diseased and symptomless banana fingers. All B. cepacia strains tested grew well on QY-TP medium, but other plant pathogenic bacteria such as Erwinia carotovora, E. chrysanthemi, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xathomonas spp. failed to grow on the medium. The medium allowed recovery of 92 to 98% of the B. cepacia colonies grown on Luria-Bertani agar medium, and inhibited growth of most background bacteria. Use of QY-TP medium made it possible to determine the infestation rate of banana fingers in the field.
In Validations We Trust? The Impact of Imperfect Human Annotations as a Gold Standard on the Quality of Validation of Automated Content Analysis

ABSTRACT Political communication has become one of the central arenas of innovation in the application of automated analysis approaches to ever-growing quantities of digitized texts. However, although researchers routinely and conveniently resort to certain forms of human coding to validate the results derived from automated procedures, in practice the actual “quality assurance” of such a “gold standard” often goes unchecked. Contemporary practices of validation via manual annotations are far from being acknowledged as best practices in the literature, and the reporting and interpretation of validation procedures differ greatly. We systematically assess the connection between the quality of human judgment in manual annotations and the relative performance evaluations of automated procedures against true standards by relying on large-scale Monte Carlo simulations. The results from the simulations conﬁrm that there is a substantially greater risk of a researcher reaching an incorrect conclusion regarding the performance of automated procedures when the quality of manual annotations used for validation is not properly ensured. Our contribution should therefore be regarded as a call for the systematic application of high-quality manual validation materials in any political communication study, drawing on automated text analysis procedures.
An in situ assay of nerve agents enabled by a self-assembled bienzymatic electrochemical biosensor

Nerve agents (NAs) are a group of organophosphorus compounds with acute lethal toxicity, but the knowledge of NA simulants is insufficient to clarify the toxicity of NAs. Herein, we introduce a self-assembled bienzymatic electrochemical biosensor, in which acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline oxidase were immobilized to a poly(o-phenylenediamine)-modified Au electrode. This as-presented biosensor is competent in the in situ detection of NAs and in the recording of the inhibition and reactivation processes of AChE. The limit of detection for soman (GD), sarin (GB), VX, and tabun (GA) can reach as low as 2.9, 1.1, 3.1, and 41 nM, respectively. Besides, the in situ characterized inhibition processes are achieved using a one-step protocol, where the inhibition rate constants for GD, GB, VX, and GA were calculated to be 1.36 × 107, 3.9 × 106, 3.2 × 106 and 1.7 × 105 M−1 min−1. We further investigated the reactivation efficiency of oximes against NA-inhibited AChE. HI-6 and obidoxime possess better reactivation capacity for GB- and VX-inhibited AChE. Insights into NA inhibition and reactivation processes with such an electrochemical biosensor may benefit in the better designing of an early detection system with high sensitivity and selectivity for NAs and for understanding poisoning and detoxification of other chemical warfare agents.
± 180° Discontinuous PWM for Single-Phase PWM Converter of High-Speed Railway Propulsion System

As high-capacity alternating current/direct current (ac/dc) power conversion systems, single-phase pulse-width modulation (PWM) converters used in high-speed railway propulsion systems adopt high-voltage Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) as switching elements. Due to their high breakdown voltage characteristics, the switching dynamics are inferior to those of low-voltage IGBTs and switching losses are more dominant than conduction losses despite operating at relatively low switching frequencies of hundreds to several kHz. To solve this problem, this paper proposes ± 180° discontinuous PWM (DPWM) suitable for a single-phase circuit. With the simple addition of offset voltages, the proposed DPWM method can be implemented easily and switching losses can be reduced by half by clamping the switching legs of the H-bridge converter to the positive or negative dc rail during every half cycle. In addition, temperature deviation between the power stacks can be minimized by using selective application of clamping modes. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed DPWM are verified through simulations and experiments of a prototype converter.
Gene Therapy of Some Genetic Diseases by Transferring Normal Human Genomic DNA into Somatic Cells and Stem Cells from Patients

1.1 Viral vectors for gene therapy Gene therapy is a way to correct mutated genes in vivo by transferring normal genes into cells of patients with genetic diseases or cancers, or to introduce new genes into cells to express therapeutic proteins. Several viruses like adenoviruses (Nayak & Herzog, 2010; Raper et al., 2003), alphaviruses (Lundstrom, 2001, 2005), retroviruses (Aiuti et al., 2009; Bordignon et al., 1989, 1995; Cavazzana-Calvo et al., 2000; Ferrari et al., 1991; Halatsch et al., 2000), lentiviruses (Dupre et al., 2004; Mortellaro et al., 2006; Nayak & Herzog, 2010), adeno-associated viruses (AAV) (Jayandharan et al., 2011; Nayak & Herzog, 2010; Terzi & Zachariou, 2008), herpes simplex viruses type 1 (HSV-I) (Epstein, 2009), have been used as vectors to deliver normal genes into cells of patients for gene therapy. However, there were limitations and hurdles in using these vectors. Some viruses like retroviruses, lentiviruses might integrate into human genomic DNA and cause cancers (Dave et al., 2004; Du et al., 2005; Hacein-Bey-Abina et al., 2003a, 2003b; Z. Li et al., 2002; Modlich et al., 2005; Seggewiss et al., 2006). Most viruses can infect both normal cells and defective/cancer cells of patients, as long as the cells have receptors of the viruses (Antar et al., 2009; K. Holmes et al., 1997; Norkin, 1995; L. Song, 2010; L. Song et al., 2009; van den Wollenberg et al., 2008; van Houdt et al., 2008), and this might lead to serious infections, inflammatory responses, and immunological reactions (Nayak & Herzog, 2010).
Three-dimensional printing of truss-like structure for use in scaffold: Experimental, numerical, and analytical analyses

Rapid prototyping is a promising technique for the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds. It has an inherent capacity to make predetermined forms and structures and also distinct pore architecture as well. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of gradient pore geometries on the elastic behavior of the poly (methyl methacrylate) scaffold under compressive loading. Two kinds of models comprise simple and gradient architecture fabricated by three-dimensional printing. The mechanical properties of scaffolds were investigated experimentally, numerically, and analytically. Moreover, the cell adhesion and proliferation of scaffold were studied under two conditions: chitosan-coated and noncoated. Results indicated that although simple architecture renders higher amounts of mechanical properties, gradient architecture can make elastic regions after each plastic deformation improving the elastic behavior of scaffold at the higher strain value. Additionally, the excellent correspondence between the results of experimental compressive tests, finite element analysis, and analytical method display that the proposed models can predict precisely the mechanical properties of the scaffold. Furthermore, chitosan coating improves remarkably the number of cell proliferation of the scaffold.
Photovoice as a Tool for Critical Reflection in Communities of Practice for Teachers’ Professional Identity Development

Professional identity is very important in teaching practice. There is a consensus in the literature that critical reflection can help novice teachers to develop a professional identity. Written form reflective tools such as diaries, reflective papers, and logbooks are conventional instruments for critical reflection among novice teachers. However, written reflective tools have several shortcomings: a) they overly rely on verbal communication; b) there are no standardized guidelines for critical reflection using written-form reflective tools, and c) using written-form reflective tools is an intrapersonal activity. Photovoice has emerged as a new tool for critical reflection in the last few decades. Using photovoice, novice teachers critically reflect through photographs rather than writing. Empirical research has standardized the critical reflective procedure of photovoice. Communities of practice are a signature feature of photovoice. Establishing a community of practice is an effective way for novice teachers to develop a professional identity via interpersonal interaction within a group, sharing their photographs and reflections. Empirical research shows that photovoice enables novice teachers to develop a professional identity. This paper describes the disadvantages of written-form reflective tools and outlines an innovative method of encouraging novice teachers to perform critical reflection.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Apple P3A-Type ATPase Genes, with Implications for Alkaline Stress Responses

The P3A-type ATPases play crucial roles in various physiological processes via the generation of a transmembrane H+ gradient (∆pH). However, the P3A-type ATPase superfamily in apple remains relatively uncharacterized. In this study, 15 apple P3A-type ATPase genes were identified based on the new GDDH13 draft genome sequence. The exon-intron organization of these genes, the physical and chemical properties, and conserved motifs of the encoded enzymes were investigated. Analyses of the chromosome localization and ω values of the apple P3A-type ATPase genes revealed the duplicated genes were influenced by purifying selection pressure. Six clades and frequent old duplication events were detected. Moreover, the significance of differences in the evolutionary rates of the P3A-type ATPase genes were revealed. An expression analysis indicated that all of the P3A-type ATPase genes were specifically expressed in more than one tissue. The expression of one P3A-type ATPase gene (MD15G1108400) was significantly upregulated in response to alkaline stress. Furthermore, a subcellular localization assay indicated that MD15G1108400 is targeted to the plasma membrane. These results imply that MD15G1108400 may be involved in responses to alkaline stress. Our data provide insights into the molecular characteristics and evolutionary patterns of the apple P3A-type ATPase gene family and provide a theoretical foundation for future in-depth functional characterizations of P3A-type ATPase genes under alkaline conditions.
Wideband and wide stopband superconducting bandpass filter using asymmetric stepped‐impedance resonators connected to open stub

A wideband wide stopband filter is designed using asymmetric stepped‐impedance resonators (ASIRs) connected to a large open stub. The capacitive open stub and the parallel‐coupled microstrip line are used to achieve the strong couplings for large fractional bandwidth (FBW). For a wide‐stopband performance, the proposed filter uses ASIRs to improve the high‐order spurious resonant frequency. The first and last resonators of the proposed filter are further optimized to suppress the spurious resonant frequency caused by open stub. The final filter has a 70% FBW centered at 4.87 GHz with 20‐dB‐rejection stopband up to 15.78 GHz (approximately 3.24 f0). The measured insertion loss is less than 0.15 dB and the return loss is better than 17 dB.
Effect of Guided Inquiry Learning Model and Social Skills to the Improving of Students’ Analysis Skills in Social Studies Learning

This research aim is to examine the application of guided inquiry learning models and social skills to improve the students' analysis skills. Social studies learning that still uses expository learning models makes students get difficulties to have analysis skills. This study was used the quasi-experimental research that pretest and postest control design. The participants of the study was 132 junior high school students in grade 7th on junior high school. The data collection tools was used Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) adapted from Gresham and Elliot (1990) and tested to the learning outcomes. The research data were analyzed with ANOVA technique. The findings of the research conclude that there are differences in analysis skills of the students who taught guided inquiry learning model and expository learning model. There are differences in analysis skills of the students who have high social skills and low social skills. There is an interaction between guided inquiry learning model and expository learning model when integrated with high social skills and low social skills on analysis skills of the students.
Epidemic development of tomato powdery mildew and yield of three tomato cultivars in the comarca lagunera, Coahuila, México

El cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) en la Comarca Lagunera, Coahuila, Mexico, es afectado por la cenicilla (Leveillula taurica). Para controlar esta enfermedad en la region se realizan aspersiones intensivas de fungicidas. Una alternativa para su manejo es el uso de genotipos tolerantes. En el presente estudio se evaluo el desarrollo epidemico y el rendimiento total y por calidades comerciales de tres cultivares de tomate tipo saladette, de habito indeterminado (Sun 7705, Sahel y Romana Elite), cultivados en condiciones de agricultura intensiva a cielo abierto, sin aplicar fungicidas en la Comarca Lagunera. Los experimentos se establecieron en dos fechas de siembra durante 2006. El diseno experimental fue bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los resultados se evaluaron con metodos estadisticos univariados y pruebas de bondad de ajuste a modelos analiticos. Sahel resulto mas tolerante a la enfermedad, tuvo mayor rendimiento total y de las calidades de mayor importancia economica (XXL y XL) que Sun 7705 y Romana Elite. Los rendimientos totales obtenidos en los tres cultivares fueron superiores en la mayoria de los casos al promedio nacional en condiciones de riego. Se calculo que los rendimientos obtenibles en ausencia de cenicilla del tomate podrian variar entre 82 y 110 t ha-1. La enfermedad en hojas individuales se ubico en la parte media del dosel y tuvo una dinamica predominantemente monomolecular, con tasas intrinsecas en su mayoria menores a 0.02 lesiones lesion-1 d-1. El cultivar Sahel parecio una buena alternativa para la produccion intensiva de tomate en la region, con bajo uso de fungicidas para controlar la cenicilla.
Investigating the role and mechanism of microRNA-196a in oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting FOXO1

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) serve crucial roles in the development of OSCC. miR-196a is upregulated in various tumors; however, the role of miR-196a in OSCC remains unclear. This present study aimed to determine the role and underlying mechanism of miR-196a in OSCC cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to measure miR-196a levels in OSCC cells. MTT assays were also performed to determine cell proliferation. Cell migration was detected using wound healing assays and transwell assays, and cell apoptosis was analyzed via flow cytometry. The results indicated that the expression of miR-196a was increased in OSCC cells compared with normal oral squamous cells. TargetScan and luciferase reporter assays also confirmed that forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) was a target gene of miR-196a. It was demonstrated that FOXO1 small interfering RNA significantly promoted SCC9 cell proliferation and migration, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-196a suppressed SCC9 cell proliferation and migration, and induced cell apoptosis. However, all effects of the miR-196a inhibitor were reversed following FOXO1 inhibition. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were subsequently performed to determine the effect of miR-196a on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In the present study, transfection of miR-196a inhibitor suppressed the expression of phosphorylated (p)-PI3K and p-Akt, and enhanced the levels of FOXO1, while inhibition of FOXO1 exerted the opposite effects. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that miR-196a mimic significantly enhanced SCC9 cell proliferation and migration, and inhibited cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the results indicated that miR-196a serve as an oncogene in OSCCs. Downregulation of miR-196a inhibited the malignant biological processes of OSCC cells by targeting FOXO1. The current results may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with OSCC.
Unpacking the Mississippi blues: Relationship between internalizing problems and health behaviors

This study examined the relationship between internalizing behaviors (measured as anxious/depressed, withdrawn, and somatic problems) and lifestyle-related, modifiable factors as substance use, sleep, and healthy behaviors in a sample of 191 college students in training for social work and other helping professions. The results indicate that participants with lower scores on internalizing behaviors had fewer sleep disturbances, higher scores on healthy behaviors and lower substance use. The implications for social work education, research, and practice are considered, including exploring the relationships between internalizing behaviors and different components of a healthy lifestyle, such as exercise, sleep, and substance use.
Inhibition of FcγR-Dependent Functions byN-Formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine in Human Neutrophils

Abstract Human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) participate in different cellular functions, including phagocytosis, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and release of reactive oxygen intermediates. Each of these functions can be triggered by receptors for the Fc portion of IgG molecules (FcγR). Normal resting neutrophils possess FcγRII and FcγRIIIB receptors. They also have specific membrane receptors for formylated peptides such as the prototype N -formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP). In this report, we present evidence that preincubation of PMN with FMLP inhibits different PMN FcγR-dependent functions such as phagocytosis, ADCC, and immune complex-dependent cytotoxicity. These inhibitory effects can be explained, at least in part, by downregulation of both FcγRII and FcγRIII. Unexpectedly, preincubation of FMLP with PMN was not necessary for ADCC inhibition. Taking into account that the FMLP-dependent FcγR downregulation is not observed before 30 min of incubation, and the onset of ADCC occurs rapidly (seconds), it is possible that FMLP can modify this function by altering early intracellular events.