Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Technique for the Analysis of Radio Occultation Data to Retrieve Atmospheric Properties and Associated Uncertainties

Among the techniques for atmospheric sounding, radio occultation enables an in depth investigation of vertical profiles from the ionosphere to the troposphere by measuring the radio frequency signal associated to the propagation medium. A precise characterization of the atmospheric layers requires a thorough processing of the raw radio tracking data to estimate the thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere and their related uncertainties. In this work, we present a method to retrieve refractivity, density, pressure, and temperature profiles with the associated uncertainties by analyzing a set of raw radio tracking data occulted by the atmosphere. This technique is also well suited to process two‐way Doppler measurements that are not acquired during dedicated occultation campaigns. The NASA mission Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) provided a significant amount of radio occultation data that were not planned for atmospheric sounding, but were caused by the spacecraft orbit geometry. Our analysis of one of these occultation profiles with the proposed method allows indicating that MRO occultation datasets provide crucial information regarding Mars’ troposphere that can be used as input of general circulation models.
Classification of Cognitive Ability of Healthy Elderly Individuals Using Resting-State Functional Connectivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging and An Extreme Learning Machine

Purpose Quantitative determination of the correlation between cognitive ability and functional biomarkers in the elderly brain is essential. To identify biomarkers associated with cognitive performance in the elderly, this study combined an index model specific for resting-state functional connectivity (FC) magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) with a supervised machine learning method. Methods Performance scores on conventional cognitive test batteries and MRI data were obtained for 98 healthy elderly individuals and 90 healthy youth from two public databases. Based on the test scores, the elderly cohort was categorized into two groups: excellent and poor. An fcMRI index model was constructed for each elderly individual to determine the relative differences in FC among brain regions compared with that in the youth cohort. Brain areas sensitive to test scores could then be identified using the fcMRI indexes. To confirm the effectiveness of constructed model, the fcMRI indexes of these brain areas were used as feature matrix inputs for training an extreme learning machine. Classification accuracy was then tested in separate groups and confirmed by N-fold cross-validation. Results This learning study could effectively classify the cognitive status of healthy elderly individuals according to frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe FC values with a mean accuracy of 83.5%, which is substantially higher than that achieved using conventional correlation analysis. Conclusion This fcMRI classification study may facilitate early detection of age-related cognitive decline as well as help reveal the underlying pathological mechanisms.
Case series of complex therapy of hemoblastosis in the context of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic is a problem of a global scale, and it has an importance in modern oncology and hematology. Patients with cancer are at high risk of getting infected with COVID-19. Diagnosis of coronavirus infection in this group of patients delays the chemotherapy. A break between courses of treatment, as well as a complete cancellation of therapy, can increase the mortality of patients from oncohematological diseases. Between June 2020 and October 2020 300 patients with hemoblastosis were treated in our center. Among them 19 patients developed COVID-19 infection. The mean age of this group of patients was 43±16; 8 female; 11 male. Hepatitis B + hepatitis D infection was the most common cause of end-stage liver disease (21 cases; 32.8%). Patients with multiple myeloma - 32%; acute myeloid leukemia - 26%; acute promyelocytic leukemia - 11%; acute lymphoblastic leukemia - 26%; chronic lymphocytic leukemia - 5%. Treatment was carried out following the protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of hemoblastosis and concomitant COVID-19 infection accepted in Kazakhstan. Here we present the first report of complex therapy of patients with hemoblastosis and concomitant COVID-19 infection in Kazakhstan.
Self-efficacy as a Mediator in the Relationship between Meaning in Life and Mental Health in Young Adults

This paper explored the link between meaning in life and self-efficacy in young adults. Further, the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between meaning in life and mental health was investigated. For this purpose, the sample was collected from 150 young adults going to college in Jammu (93 females, 62 %; 57 males, 38 %). The tools used were Meaning in Life Questionnaire by Steger et al., 2006, General Self-efficacy scale (GSE) by Schwarzer and Jerusalem, 1995 and short form of Mental Health Continuum (MHC-SF) by Keyes, 2009. Analysis included descriptive statistics, the scales were tested for internal consistency, and correlations were analyzed with simple linear regression. Also, mediation analysis was conducted to determine the role of self-efficacy in the relation between meaning in life and mental health. The results showed a significant relationship between meaning in life and self-efficacy. Also, self-efficacy was found to be a statistically significant mediator of the relationship between meaning in life and mental health among young adults. The study highlights the vital role of self-efficacy for the healthy development and well-being of young adults. The study also provides foundation for further studies of the factors that influence the mental health of individuals.
HIV Propagation in a Population Group Considering Infection in the Immune System Of Each Infected Individual

A multiscale mathematical model is proposed seeking to study the propagation dynamics of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in a group of young people between 15 and 24 years of age, through sexual contact without protection, considering the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and therapeutic failure. The model consists in a scale-free complex network that follows a power law, coupled with the immunological dynamics of each individual, that is, it considers the infection by the virus in the immune system of each HIV carrier, through a system of non-linear differential equations that govern the infection’s behavior in the immune system. Propagation of the virus in the network is modelled by taking into account information from the immunological status of each person. The study found that for a population to have high HIV prevalence, it is not necessary at the beginning of the simulation time for the virus to propagate rapidly. In addition, the study proves that with a higher number of sexual partners, there will be greater prevalence of HIV in the population and that the use of ART helps to control the propagation of the infection in the population. As an interesting result, it was also found that there is a higher number of HIV carriers who abandon ART than those who have access to it.
In-silico Designing and Docking of Novel N’-(Substituted 2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(1, 3-benzodioxo-5-carbylidene) Hydrazine Carboamide as Anticonvulsant Agent

A series of N’-(Substituted 2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(1, 3-benzodioxo-5-carbylidene) Hydrazine carboamide were designed and carried with in-silico methods keeping in view the structural requirement of pharmacophore as potent anticonvulsant agents. These agents were then screened on the basis of docking procedures and further docking analysis of novel agents has been performed. The docking analysis reveals that compounds IPSR2, IPSR3, IPSR6 and IPSR9 perfectly docked with the T-type calcium channel with the highest bonding affinity range (-7 Kcal/mol to -7.5 Kcal/mol) and hydrogen bonds (5 to 7). Compounds IPSR4, IPSR5, IPSR7 and IPSR8 are found to dock with Na-channel with the bonding affinity range (-7.5 Kcal/mol to -8.3 Kcal/mol) and hydrogen bond (4 to 6). IPSR10 is found to dock with Glutamate receptor with significant bonding affinity and hydrogen bonds.
Modeling Investigation of Dielectric Constant Effect on NMR and IR Properties of C48 as a Single Walled Carbon Nanotube

A cluster model for active site of nanotube (C48) was presented and investigated the geometric structure and thermochemical parameters. Quantum-mechanical calculations were performed at the HF / 510-30, 6-310, 6-3 IG• and 6-310" levels of theory in the gas phase and three solvents at four temperatures. Also, nuclear shielding parameters of the active site of nanotube have been taken into account using GIAO method at the HF / STO-3G,6-310,6-310* and 6-310" levels of theory in the gas phase and in different solvents such as water, methanol, ethanol. The results were revealed that the NMR chemical shielding parameters are strongly affected by inducing different solvent media. According to these theoretical results of energy values, some important relationships have been found between the dielectric constant and structural stability of active site of nanotube.
Deep Learning-based Fast Grasp Planning for Robotic Bin-picking by Small Data Set without GPU

This paper proposes a deep learning-based fast grasp detection method with a small dataset for robotic bin-picking. We consider the problem of grasping stacked up mechanical parts on a planar workspace using a parallel gripper. In this paper, we use a deep neural network to solve the problem with a single depth image. To reduce the computation time, we propose an edge-based algorithm to generate potential grasps. Then, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied to evaluate the robustness of all potential grasps for bin-picking. Finally, the proposed method ranks them and the object is grasped by using the grasp with the highest score. In bin-picking experiments, we evaluate the proposed method with a 7-DOF manipulator using textureless mechanical parts with complex shapes. The success ratio of grasping is 97%, and the average computation time of CNN inference is less than 0.23[s] on a laptop PC without a GPU array. In addition, we also confirm that the proposed method can be applied to unseen objects which are not included in the training dataset.
Machine learning raw network traffic detection

Increasingly cyber-attacks are sophisticated and occur rapidly, necessitating the use of machine learning techniques for detection at machine speed. However, the use of machine learning techniques in cyber security requires the extraction of features from the raw network traffic. Thus, subject matter expertise is essential to analyze the network traffic and extract optimum features to detect a cyber-attack. Consequently, we propose a novel machine learning algorithm for malicious network traffic detection using only the bytes of the raw network traffic. The feature vector in our machine learning method is a structure containing the headers and a variable number of payload bytes. We propose a 1D-Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) and Feed Forward Network for detection of malicious packets using raw network bytes.
Maschinelle Lernverfahren zur Prognose von Tierwohlrisiken in der Schweinehaltung

Animal welfare is a quality indicator of modern pig farming and increasingly important to society. Animal welfare risks have multiple factors and should be recognized and mitigated early on to prevent economic risks. In this work, we use machine learning models to predict animal welfare risks. Our dataset comprises data for over 57,000 pigs with indications of 10 animal welfare risks and 14 suckling phase features. We contribute a prediction model for suckling phase deaths with an accuracy of 80.4% – providing a sizeable improvement over a majority vote‘s accuracy of only 53.1%. The proposed model may help pig farmers to prevent deaths in the suckling phase of pigs at an early stage by taking countermeasure
Ever‐Increasing Pseudocapacitance in RGO–MnO–RGO Sandwich Nanostructures for Ultrahigh‐Rate Lithium Storage

Lithium ion batteries have attained great success in commercialization owing to their high energy density. However, the relatively delaying discharge/charge severely hinders their high power applications due to intrinsically diffusion‐controlled lithium storage of the electrode. This study demonstrates an ever‐increasing surface redox capacitive lithium storage originating from an unique microstructure evolution during cycling in a novel RGO–MnO–RGO sandwich nanostructure. Such surface pseudocapacitance is dynamically in equilibrium with diffusion‐controlled lithium storage, thereby achieving an unprecedented rate capability (331.9 mAh g−1 at 40 A g−1, 379 mAh g−1 after 4000 cycles at 15 A g−1) with outstanding cycle stability. The dynamic combination of surface and diffusion lithium storage of electrodes might open up possibilities for designing high‐power lithium ion batteries.
Electronically Reconfigurable HM-SIW Band-pass Filter Based on New CSRR Design Using PIN Diodes

In this paper, a novel and original reconfigurable half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HM-SIW) band-pass filter (BPF) is proposed. The proposed BPF is composed of two different size new design complementary split-ring resonators to achieve the compact size, and two PIN diodes to achieve the reconfigurability. This filter can function in three different cases according to the ON/OFF combination states of the PIN diodes. The operating state can either be a dual-band-pass filter with resonant frequencies 2.5GHz and 3.6 GHz that have measured return loss (RL) less than -23 dB and -25 dB, respectively. Or it can operate as a single-band-pass filter in two other cases. The resonant frequency of the first is 2.6 GHz that has a measured RL of -20 dB, and for the second one, the resonant frequency is 3.35 GHz that has -35 dB as a measured RL. Moreover, the measured insertion loss (IL) is better than 1 dB for all the cases. The size of this filter design is 26.3mm x 12mm which makes it a very compact device considering that it functions in the S-band compared to publish work that targets the same frequency band.
The Effect of The Precision of Exercise Data on Food Selection

Replacing calorie information with the exercise data has been a new direction for public policies on food marketing and an alternative for food enterprises. Behavioral studies on the effect of data precision on food selection in real-life scenarios indicate that more precise exercise data will make consumers to select healthy food with lower calories. These findings shed light on the managerial application for policymakers and food enterprises.
Screening of Some Medicinal Plants for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity

Objective:The ethanol extracts of 24 medicinal plants were screened for their anti-acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity and antioxidant activity.Method: The medicinal plants were extracted by ethanol(70%) under reflux.The objective extracts would be extracted by different solvents-dichloromethane,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and water respectively,in order to obtain their dichloromethane,ethyl acetate,n-butanol,and aqueous-soluble fractions.The AChE inhibitory activity was tested by TLC bioautographic method combined with modified Ellman's colorimetric method;Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging method.Result: On the basis of the evaluation of 24 medicinal plants tested by TLC bioautographic method and modified Ellman's colorimetric method,some medicinal plants had taken on significant anti-acetylcholinesterase activity and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity,such as Leonfice robustum(Maxim.) Diels,Stephania kwangsiensis H.S. Lo,Toddalia asiatica(L.) lam. ,Rhododendron mucronatum G.Don and Alangium chinense(Lour.) Harms.The inhibition rates of the above medicinal plants were(88.72±1.47)%,(82.25±1.32)%,(77.71±1.61)%,(77.00±1.38)% and(75.22±1.28)% at the concentration of 1g·L-1,respectively;And IC50 value of DPPH free radical-scavenging activity were 153.75,74.95,50.00,10.87,24.40 mg · L-1,respectively.Compared with the the various extracts based on kinds of solvents,dichloromethane fractions of L.robustum and S.kwangsiensis had the higher anti-acetylcholinesterase activity,which IC50 value were 33.97,38.79 mg · L-1,while IC50 value of DPPH free radical-scavenging activity were 302.95,79.45 mg · L-1.Conclusion: Dichloromethane fractions of L.robustum and S.kwangsiensis extracts have shown high AChE inhibitory capacity and antioxidant activity,so they will be further performed bio-guided isolation and purified to obtain active compounds.
Sexual Positioning Practices and Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women—Chicago, Illinois, 2016–2018

Men who have sex with men and transgender women who practice anal receptive sex have high prevalence of infection with any human papillomavirus, which might be reduced by providing vaccination before first engaging in anal sex. Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States; men who have sex with men (MSM) have higher prevalence of infection and related disease compared with other men. We assessed whether differences in HPV acquisition exist among MSM according to their sexual positioning practices, as well as self-reported receipt of HPV vaccination. Methods We enrolled young MSM and transgender women aged 18 to 26 years in Chicago, IL (N = 666). Participants self-reported their history of HPV vaccination and submitted self-collected anal swab specimens for type-specific HPV detection using an L1-consensus PCR assay. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess relationships between sexual positioning practices and detection of any HPV or quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV) types by vaccination status, defined as self-reported receipt of ≥1 HPV vaccine dose versus none. Results Among 666 participants, 400 (60.1%) had any anal HPV, and 146 (21.9%) had a 4vHPV type. Among vaccinated participants, 18, 36, and 177 reported exclusively insertive, exclusively receptive, or both sexual positioning practices, respectively. Compared with participants reporting exclusively insertive anal sex, odds of any HPV were significantly higher among participants engaging exclusively in receptive anal sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.52–13.78), as well as those engaging in both (aOR, 3.32; 95% CI, 1.71–6.44). Vaccinated participants, compared with unvaccinated participants, had lower odds of 4vHPV-type HPV regardless of sexual positioning practices (aOR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34–0.92). Conclusions Adult men and transgender women who practice anal receptive sex have high prevalence of infection with any HPV. Routine vaccination of all adolescents is expected to reduce HPV-related disease incidence among adult MSM and transgender women as vaccinated cohorts age.
Multi-sensor analyses of the skin temperature for the assimilation of satellite radiances in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecasting System (IFS, cycle 47R1)

Abstract. The assimilation of clear-sky radiance in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric analysis relies on the clear-sky radiances observation operator. Some of these radiances have frequencies that make them sensitive to both the surface and atmosphere. Because the atmospheric and surface analyses are currently not strongly coupled, a specific treatment of the surface is required. The observation operator expects in particular, a skin temperature value at the observation location and time, together with the profiles of the atmospheric variables along the viewing path. This skin temperature is added to the control variable and optimised simultaneously with all the atmospheric variables to produce optimal simulated radiances.We present two approaches to add the skin temperature to the control variable. In the current TOVSCV approach, a series of skin temperature value per observation location is added to the control variable. Effectively, in the optimisation process, the skin temperature acts as a sink variable in observation space and is uncoupled from the skin temperature at other locations. In the novel SKTACV approach, two-dimensional skin temperature fields are added to the control variable. All clear-sky radiances then participate in the optimisation of these two-dimensional fields and the analysis produces temporally and spatially consistent skin temperature fields.We compare the two approaches over two seasons of three months each. Overall, there is a neutral impact of the new approach on the analysis and forecast. Besides, there are some evidences that the contribution of the sub-surface layers should be represented in the new approach for the skin temperature associated with the microwave instruments.
Risk factors for major low anterior resection syndrome: meta-analysis and systematic literature review

Introduction — Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a socially significant problem that impedes social adaptation and contributes to deterioration of life quality in patients. The objective of this study was to search for the category of patients most prone to major LARS, as well as to identify the factors determining the severity of this syndrome manifestations. Material and Methods — Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The study selected publications that included the functional results of treatment of patients operated for rectal cancer. Functional impairments were assessed according to the international LARS Score. Statistical analysis was performed using the inverse-variance weighted average method (IVW) with calculation of the odds ratio logarithm and standard error of the mean. Results — After a critical search and analysis of all literature sources, eight studies were found suitable for meta-analysis. In total, 1042 patients (796 men and 246 women) were included into statistical analysis, 409 of which (39.2%) had symptoms of major LARS. Chemotherapy was performed on 637 (62.5%) patients, while 568 subjects (55.5%) underwent radiation therapy, and anastomotic leaks were described in 89 (8.5%) people. According to the results of the meta-analysis, statistically significant factors were: preventative ostomy (OR=3.32, 95% CI 1.99-5.55, p<0.00001), chemotherapy (OR=1.98, 95% CI 1.23-3, 19, p=0.005), radiation therapy (OR=5.00, 95% CI 2.739.13, p <0.00001), anastomotic leaks (OR=2.93, 95% CI 2.30-3, 73, p<0.00001), anal verge distance from anastomosis site (OR=2.61, 95% CI 1.47-4.62, p=0.001). Conclusion — The results of our meta-analysis allowed us identifying the group of rectal cancer patients most vulnerable to LARS. The risk of developing severe functional disorders is significantly higher in patients with low colorectal anastomosis, as well as in patients undergoing neoadjuvant radiation therapy.