Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mesures de charges d'espace en continu pendant une irradiation électronique par la méthode Electro-Acoustique Pulsée (PEA)

Les materiaux dielectriques sont utilises dans le domaine de l'aerospatial pour assurer la regulation thermique des engins spatiaux. Ils sont soumis a un environnement chargeant compose de rayonnements ionisants tels que les electrons ou les protons. Un stockage de ces charges se produit dans le volume du materiau et engendre des degradations et un vieillissement premature amenant a une perte de fiabilite globale du systeme qui doit etre anticipee. Le but de ce travail de these a ete d'evaluer la densite de charges d'espace injectees au sein d'un materiau dielectrique pendant une irradiation electronique afin de recreer partiellement l'environnement radiatif auquel il peut etre soumis. Pour mener a bien ce projet, nous avons utilise un dispositif experimental base sur la methode Electro-Acoustique Pulsee (PEA) couramment utilise dans le domaine du genie electrique. Nous avons developpe une electrode de mesure innovante sans contact et circulaire permettant la mesure pendant irradiation electronique car les dispositifs experimentaux precedents ne le permettaient pas. Ce type de mesures n'avait jamais ete realise ailleurs auparavant, ce qui un vrai apport pour ce domaine d'etude car il permet de conserver l'echantillon dans une configuration proche de son utilisation finale. L'electrode est base sur une ligne de transmission de type microstrip. Dont les caracteristiques geometriques ont ete determinees d'une part avec le logiciel Orcad PCB Editor, mais aussi avec le logiciel COMSOL Multiphysics. La validation experimentale a ete menee et les premieres mesures realisees dans l'enceinte d'irradiation MATSPACE du laboratoire ont permis de mettre en evidence le bon fonctionnement de l'electrode et de valider les resultats de simulation obtenus precedemment. Le traitement du signal a egalement ete adapte pour cette nouvelle configuration. Une etude a ensuite ete menee avec differentes energies cinetiques (comprises entre 50 et 100 keV) et differentes densites de flux electronique (0.5 a 2 nA/cm2) pour la phase d'irradiation suivi d'une phase de relaxation (maintien de l'echantillon sous vide) afin de suivre la dynamique des charges d'espace implantees au sein du dielectrique. La representation par cartographie de la quantite de charges injectees en volume permet de suivre aisement l'evolution de cette derniere en fonction du temps. Ce travail de these a permis d'atteindre les objectifs fixes concernant la realisation de mesures pendant une irradiation electronique. Ce dispositif de caracterisation peut egalement etre utilise sur des films polymeres issus du domaine du genie electrique, les conditions d'irradiation etant controlees. Dans un futur proche, ce prototype d'electrode pourra etre associe a un capteur a haute resolution spatiale developpe dans l'equipe pour un systeme encore plus performant.
Dataset for Aspect Detection on Mobile reviews in Hindi

In recent years Opinion Mining has become one of the very interesting fields of Language Processing. To extract the gist of a sentence in a shorter and efficient manner is what opinion mining provides. In this paper we focus on detecting aspects for a particular domain. While relevant research work has been done in aspect detection in resource rich languages like English, we are trying to do the same in a relatively resource poor Hindi language. Here we present a corpus of mobile reviews which are labelled with carefully curated aspects. The motivation behind Aspect detection is to get information on a finer level about the data. In this paper we identify all aspects related to the gadget which are present on the reviews given online on various websites. We also propose baseline models to detect aspects in Hindi text after conducting various experiments.
Robust Deep Learning Based Sentiment Classification of Code-Mixed Text

India is one of unique countries in the world that has the legacy of diversity of languages. Most of these languages are influenced by English. This causes a large presence of code-mixed text in Social Media. Enormous presence of this code-mixed text provides an important research area for Natural Language Processing (NLP). This paper proposes a novel Attention based deep learning technique for Sentiment Classification on Code-Mixed Text (ACCMT) of Hindi-English. The proposed architecture uses fusion of character and word features. Non availability of suitable Word Embedding to represent these Code-Mixed texts is another important hurdle for this league of NLP tasks. This paper also proposes a novel technique for preparing Word Embedding of Code-Mixed text. This embedding is prepared with two separately trained word-embedding on Romanized Hindi and English respectively. This embedding is further used in the proposed deep learning based architecture for robust classification. The Proposed technique achieves 71.97% accuracy, which exceeds the baseline accuracy.
Reduced engagement of visual attention in children with autism spectrum disorder

A common example of social differences in autism spectrum disorder is poor modulation of reciprocal gaze, including reduced duration of eye contact and difficulty detecting the aim of another’s gaze. It remains unclear, however, whether such differences are specific to the social domain, or are instead indicative of broader alterations in processes of visual engagement and disengagement in autism spectrum disorder. To assess whether children with autism spectrum disorder experience altered engagement of visual attention, and whether such processes are specific to social stimuli, we implemented a gap-overlap eye-tracking paradigm consisting of both social and nonsocial images with children with autism spectrum disorder (n = 35) and typical development (n = 32). Children with autism spectrum disorder demonstrated a significantly reduced overall gap effect (i.e. difference in saccade latency to peripheral stimuli between overlap and gap trials) compared with the controls. This reduction spanned both social and nonsocial conditions. Our findings suggest that children with autism spectrum disorder experience alterations in general processes of engagement of visual attention, and that these alterations are not specific to the social domain, but do associate with cognitive functioning. Affected processes of visual engagement in autism spectrum disorder may contribute to features like poor reciprocal gaze, but social-specific symptoms of autism spectrum disorder likely originate from other subcortical processes or higher order cognition. Lay abstract Limited eye contact and difficulty tracking where others are looking are common in people with autism spectrum disorder. It is unclear, however, whether these are specifically social differences; it is possible that they are a result of broader alterations in engaging and disengaging visual attention. We used eye-tracking technology with children with autism spectrum disorder (n = 35) and typical development (n = 32), showing them both social and nonsocial imaging to test their visual attention. Children with autism spectrum disorder had a significant difference in how long it took them to look from an image in the middle to one on the side, depending on whether the middle image stayed on the screen or flashed off before the one on the side appeared. This difference was present for both social and nonsocial images, and was related to cognitive ability for only the children with autism spectrum disorder. Our findings suggest that children with autism spectrum disorder have differences in general processes of engaging visual attention that are not specifically social in nature, and that these processes may relate to cognitive ability in autism spectrum disorder. Affected processes of visual engagement in autism spectrum disorder may contribute to symptoms like reduced eye contact, but social-specific symptoms of autism spectrum disorder likely do not stem from reduced visual engagement alone.
Mobile Motion Tracking for Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation Using Apple ARKit

BACKGROUND Physical activity helps improve the overall quality of life. The correct execution of physical activity is crucial both in sports as well as disease prevention and rehabilitation. Little to no automated commodity solutions for automated analysis and feedback exist. OBJECTIVES Validation of the Apple ARKit framework as a solution for automatic body tracking in daily physical exercises using the smartphones' built-in camera. METHODS We deliver insights into ARKit's body tracking accuracy through a lab experiment against the VICON system as Gold Standard. We provide further insights through case studies using apps built on ARKit. RESULTS ARKit exposes significant limitations in tracking the full range of motion in joints but accurately tracks the movement itself. Case studies show that applying it to measure the quantity of execution of exercises is possible. CONCLUSION ARKit is a light-weight commodity solution for quantitative assessment of physical activity. Its limitations and possibilities in qualitative assessment need to be investigated further.
Effect of Having, but Not Consulting, a Computerized Diagnostic Aid

Previous research has described physicians’ reluctance to use computerized diagnostic aids (CDAs) but has never experimentally examined the effects of not consulting an aid that was readily available. Experiment 1. Participants read about a diagnosis made either by a physician or an auto mechanic (to control for perceived expertise). Half read that a CDA was available but never actually consulted; no mention of a CDA was made for the remaining half. For the physician, failure to consult the CDA had no significant effect on competence ratings for either the positive or negative outcome. For the auto mechanic, failure to consult the CDA actually increased competence ratings following a negative but not a positive outcome. Negligence judgments were greater for the mechanic than for the physician overall. Experiment 2. Using only a negative outcome, we included 2 different reasons for not consulting the aid and provided accuracy information highlighting the superiority of the CDA over the physician. In neither condition was the physician rated lower than when no aid was mentioned. Ratings were lower when the physician did not trust the CDA and, surprisingly, higher when the physician believed he or she already knew what the CDA would say. Finally, consistent with our previous research, ratings were also high when the physician consulted and then followed the advice of a CDA and low when the CDA was consulted but ignored. Individual differences in numeracy did not qualify these results. Implications for the literature on algorithm aversion and clinical practice are discussed.
Two novel bi‐allelic KDELR2 missense variants cause osteogenesis imperfecta with neurodevelopmental features

Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas Development and Behavioural Pediatrics Department, Institute of Child Health and The Children Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Division of Neuroradiology, Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas Department of Medical Genetics, Health Sciences University, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
Towards measuring lexical complexity in Malayalam

This paper proposes a metric to quantify lexical complexity in Malayalam. The met- ric utilizes word frequency, orthography and morphology as the three factors affect- ing visual word recognition in Malayalam. Malayalam differs from other Indian lan- guages due to its agglutinative morphology and orthography, which are incorporated into our model. The predictions made by our model are then evaluated against reac- tion times in a lexical decision task. We find that reaction times are predicted by frequency, morphological complexity and script complexity. We also explore the interactions between morphological com- plexity with frequency and script in our results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on lexical complexity in Malayalam.
Building Discourse Parser for Thirukkural

Thirukkural is one of the famous Tamil Literatures in the world. It was written by Thiruvalluvar, and focuses on ethics and morality. It provides all possible solutions to lead a successful and a peaceful life fitting any generation. It has been translated into 82 global languages, which necessitate the access of Thirukkural in any language on the World Wide Web (WWW) and processing the Thirukkural computationally. This paper aims at constructing the Thirukkural Discourse Parser which finds the semantic relations in the Thirukkurals which can extract the hidden meaning in it and help in utilizing the same in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, such as, Summary Generation Systems, Information Retrieval (IR) Systems and Question Answering (QA) Systems. Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST) is one of the discourse theories, which is used in NLP to find the coherence between texts. This paper finds the relation within the Thriukkurals and the discourse structure is created using the Thirukkural Discourse Parser. The resultant discourse structure of Thirukkural can be indexed and further be used by Summary Generation Systems, IR Systems and QA Systems. This facilitates the end user to access Thirukkural on WWW and get benefited. This Thirukkural Discourse Parser has been tested with all 1330 Thirukurals using precision and recall.
Event Centric Entity Linking for Hindi News Articles: A Knowledge Graph Based Approach

We describe the development of a knowledge graph from an event annotated corpus by presenting a pipeline that identifies and extracts the relations between entities and events from Hindi news articles. Due to the semantic implications of argument identification for events in Hindi, we use a combined syntactic argument and semantic role identification methodology. To the best of our knowledge, no other architecture exists for this purpose. The extracted combined role information is incorporated in a knowledge graph that can be queried via subgraph extraction for basic questions. The architectures presented in this paper can be used for participant extraction and event-entity linking in most Indo-Aryan languages, due to similar syntactic and semantic properties of event arguments.
Subcortical and Cortical Regions of Amyloid-β Pathology Measured by 11C-PiB PET Are Differentially Associated with Cognitive Functions and Stages of Disease in Memory Clinic Patients.

BACKGROUND The effect of regional brain amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology on specific cognitive functions is incompletely known. OBJECTIVE The relationship between Aβ and cognitive functions was investigated in this cross-sectional multicenter study of memory clinic patients. METHODS The participants were patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 83), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 60), and healthy controls (HC, n = 32), who had been scanned by 11C-PiB PET in 13 brain regions of both hemispheres and who had been assessed by cognitive tests covering seven domains. RESULTS Hierarchic multiple regression analyses were performed on each cognitive test as dependent variable, controlling for demographic characteristics and APOE status (block 1) and PiB measures in 13 brain regions (block 2) as independent variables. The model was highly significant for each cognitive test and most strongly for tests of episodic memory (learning and retention) versus PiB in putamen, visuospatially demanding tests (processing and retention) versus the occipital lobe, semantic fluency versus the parietal lobe, attention versus posterior gyrus cinguli, and executive function versus nucleus accumbens. In addition, education had a positively and APOE status a negatively significant effect on cognitive tests. CONCLUSION Five subcortical and cortical regions with Aβ pathology are differentially associated with cognitive functions and stages of disease in memory clinic patients.
Frontal Linear Scleroderma (en coup de sabre): A Case Report

En coup de sabre is an unusual variant of localized scleroderma characterized by its distinct location involving the frontoparietal region of the forehead and scalp. The authors describe a rare case of en coup de sabre in a 3-year-old boy whose disease onset was at 12 months of age. This article presents the clinical manifestations of continuous changes in the lesion photographed over time. The clinical presentation, laboratory results, and radiological findings together with a brief discussion of the management of the disease are discussed.
Kinetic and mechanistic studies of morphinone reductase and pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase

KINETIC AND MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF MORPHINONE REDUCTASE AND PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE REDUCTASE By Daniel Craig Morphinone reductase from Pseudomonas putida strain M10 and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) reductase from Enterobacter cloacae strain PB2 are very similar Class I p /a barrel flavoproteins capable of catalysing biotechnologically relevant reactions. The enzymes have been characterised and conclusions have been drawn about the catalytic and chemical mechanisms of both enzymes. The kinetics o f the reductive half-reaction of both enzymes have been extensively investigated under pre-steady state conditions. Morphinone reductase and PETN reductase form a charge-transfer complex with their preferred reducing substrate (p-NADH and pNADPH, respectively) in a second-order rate process. Evidence for an intermediate prior to charge-transfer formation is presented for PETN reductase. Decay of the charge-transfer complex in morphinone reductase and PETN reductase is concomitant with flavin reduction. Thermodynamic analysis o f charge-transfer formation and decay, and reduction of the flavin has allowed calculation o f an almost complete energy level diagram of the reductive-halfreaction of morphinone reductase. Four mutant morphinone reductase enzymes were constructed. R238K, R238M and R238E were made to investigate the role of charge near the N l-C2=02 region of the flavin. Redox potentiometry experiments and pre-steady-state kinetic analysis suggest that positive charge near this region of the flavin is not important in setting the redox potential of the cofactor. The Q104E mutant was made to investigate the role of this residue in the activity of flavin with oxygen. The mutant did not bind flavin, preventing further analysis. The pre-steady-state kinetic behaviour o f morphinone reductase and PETN reductase with trinitrotoluene, (TNT), 2-cyclohexen-l-one, glycerol trinitrate (GTN) and PETN were investigated using stopped-flow spectroscopy. The oxidative half-reaction of morphinone reductase with codeinone was also studied. Differences in activity o f the two enzymes in the oxidative half-reaction are rationalised in terms o f the known crystallographic structures.
Sleep quality mediates the effect of chronotype on resilience in the time of COVID-19

ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore the relationship between chronotype and resilience, sleep quality, and post-traumatic stress reactions during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. An online survey was distributed through social networks during forced home confinement, collecting data from1298 participants of 19 different Italian regions. Chronotype was evaluated using the reduced version of the Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ); sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); resilience levels were measured by the 10-item version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10); post-traumatic stress reactions were assessed by the 6-item version of the Impact of Event Scale (IES6). Resilience and sleep quality were significantly lower in the evening compared to non-evening types, as well as in females as compared to males. Moreover, resilience was negatively correlated with post-traumatic stress reactions and positively correlated with sleep quality. A negative correlation was also reported between sleep quality and post-traumatic stress reactions. Sleep quality was identified as a possible mediator between chronotype and resilience, and between resilience and post-traumatic stress reactions, after controlling for age and sex. These findings provide new insights into the role of chronotype in adapting to continuous stressful situations. Sleep quality seems to mediate the causal path between the antecedents of resilience and the development of trauma. Further research is needed to explore the suitability of primary interventions based on chronobiology and sleep hygiene to mitigate the impact of pandemic-related home confinement measures on mental health among the general population.
MYC amplifications are common events in childhood osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma, the most common primary malignant tumour of bone, affects both children and adults. No fundamental biological differences between paediatric and adult osteosarcoma are known. Here, we apply multi‐region whole‐genome sequencing to an index case of a 4‐year‐old child whose aggressive tumour harboured high‐level, focal amplifications of MYC and CCNE1 connected by translocations. We reanalysed copy number readouts of 258 cases of high‐grade osteosarcoma from three different cohorts and identified a significant enrichment of focal MYC, but not CCNE1, amplifications in children. Furthermore, we identified four additional cases of MYC and CCNE1 coamplification, highlighting a rare driver event which warrants further investigation. Our findings indicate that amplification of the MYC oncogene is a major driver of childhood osteosarcoma, while CCNE1 appears recurrently amplified independent of age.
An investigation of links between metabolic rate and feed efficiency in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax.

Feed efficiency (FE) is the amount of body weight gain for a given feed intake. Improving FE through selective breeding is key for sustainable finfish aquaculture but its evaluation at individual level is technically challenging. We therefore investigated whether individual routine metabolic rate (RMR) was a predictor of individual FE in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax, a major species in European mariculture. The European sea bass has three genetically distinct populations across its geographical range, namely Atlantic Ocean (AT), West Mediterranean (WM) and East Mediterranean (EM). We compared FE and RMR of fish from these three populations at 18°C or 24°C. We held 200 fish (62 AT, 66 WM and 72 EM) in individual aquaria and fed them from ad libitum down to fasting. Feed efficiency was assessed for an ad libitum feeding rate and for a fixed restricted ration (1% of metabolic body weight.day -1, with metabolic body weight = body weight 0.8). After being refed 12 weeks in a common tank, individual RMR was measured over 36h by intermittent flow respirometry. There was a significant effect of temperature whereby fish at 18°C had greater mean FE (P < 0.05) and lower RMR (P < 0.001). There was also a significant effect of population, where AT fish had lower FE (P < 0.05) and greater RMR (P < 0.001) than WM and EM, at both temperatures. Despite these differences in temperature and population means, individual FE and RMR were not significantly correlated (P > 0.05). Therefore, although the results provide evidence of an association between metabolic rate and FE, RMR was not a predictor of individual FE, for reasons that require further investigation.