Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organic functional groups in aerosol particles from burning and non-burning forest emissions at a high-elevation mountain site

Abstract. Ambient particles collected on teflon filters at the Peak of Whistler Mountain, British Columbia (2182 m a.s.l.) during spring and summer 2009 were measured by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for organic functional groups (OFG). The project mean and standard deviation of organic aerosol mass concentrations (OM) for all samples was 3.2±3.3 (μg m −3 ). Measurements of aerosol mass fragments, size, and number concentrations were used to separate fossil-fuel combustion and burning and non-burning forest sources of the measured organic aerosol. The OM was composed of the same anthropogenic and non-burning forest components observed at Whistler mid-valley in the spring of 2008; during the 2009 campaign, biomass burning aerosol was additionally observed from fire episodes occurring between June and September. On average, organic hydroxyl, alkane, carboxylic acid, ketone, and primary amine groups represented 31 %±11 %, 34 %±9 %, 23 %±6 %, 6 %±7 %, and 6 %±3 % of OM, respectively. Ketones in aerosols were associated with burning and non-burning forest origins, and represented up to 27 % of the OM. The organic aerosol fraction resided almost entirely in the submicron fraction without significant diurnal variations. OM/OC mass ratios ranged mostly between 2.0 and 2.2 and O/C atomic ratios between 0.57 and 0.76, indicating that the organic aerosol reaching the site was highly aged and possibly formed through secondary formation processes.
GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS IN GOATS ( CAPRA HIRCUS ) AND SHEEP ( OVIS ARIES ) IN PENANG , MALAYSIA

Haemonchus contortus is a sheep and goat parasitic nematode that causes severe economic losses. Previous studies have indicated a high degree of morphological traits difference which are believed to be subjected to environmental influences. This study was carried out to analyse the genetic difference among H. contortus found in sheep and goats in Penang, Malaysia. The second Internal Transcribed Spacer region (ITS-2) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of H. contortus was amplified and sequenced. A total of six ITS-2 haplotypes were identified. The ITS-2 sequences that are 231 base pair in length was aligned and used for analysis. Distance based analysis using Neighbor-Joining method and parsimony analysis were used to construct phylogenetic trees to elucidate genetic relationships. Both set of trees showed the same topology separating Penang’s H. contortus into two quite distinct groups. The preliminary results provide an insight on genetic relationships of H. contortus from different hosts and the status of the DNA sequence used in the analysis.
Orchestrating a community-developed computational workshop and accompanying training materials

The importance of bioinformatics, computational biology, and data science in biomedical research continues to grow, driving a need for effective instruction and education. A workshop setting, with lectures and guided hands-on tutorials, is a common approach to teaching practical computational and analytical methods. Here, we detail the process we used to produce high-quality, community-authored educational materials that are available for public consumption and reuse. The coordinated efforts of 17 authors over 10 weeks resulted in 15 workshops available as a website and as a 388-page electronic book. We describe how we utilized cloud infrastructure, GitHub, and a literate programming approach to robustly deliver hands-on tutorials to participants of the annual Bioconductor conference. The scripts, raw and published workshop materials, and cloud machine image are all openly available. Our approach uses free services and software and can be adapted by workshop organizers and authors in other contests with appropriate technical backgrounds.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Conscious and unconscious vision

In masking, a stimulus is rendered invisible through the presentation of a second stimulus shortly after the first. Over the years, authors have typically explained masking by postulating some early disruption process. In these feed forward type explanations, the mask somehow “catches up” with the target stimulus, disrupting its processing either through lateral or interchannel inhibition. However, studies from recent years indicate that visual perception and most notably visual awareness itself – may depend strongly on cortico-cortical feedback connections from higher to lower visual areas. This has led some researchers to propose that masking derives its effectiveness from selectively interrupting these recurrent processes. In this experiment, we used EEG measurements to determine what happens in human visual cortex during detection of a texture defined square under nonmasked (seen) and masked (unseen) conditions. EEG derivatives that are typically associated with recurrent processing turn out to be absent in the masked condition. Moreover, extrastriate visual areas are still activated early on by both seen and unseen stimuli, as shown by scalp surface Laplacian current source density maps. This conclusively shows that feedforward processing is preserved, even when subject performance is at chance as determined by objective measures. From these results we conclude that masking derives its effectiveness, at least partly, from disrupting recurrent processing, thereby interfering with the neural mechanisms of figure-ground segregation and visual awareness itself. Fahrenfort, J. J., Scholte, H. S. , & Lamme, V. A. F. (2007). Masking disrupts reentrant processing in human visual cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19(9), 1488-1497.
A Reconfigurable Low If-Zero If Receiver Architecture for Multi Standard Wireless Systems Using a Reconfigurable Filter

The existence of a large number of wireless standards motivates the investigation of a multi-standard wireless receiver architecture that uses the same hardware to meet performance requirements. This paper presents an architecture of a reconfigurable receiver operating at both Low-IF and Zero-IF modes for GSM-1800 and UMTS-2100 wireless standards. The reconfigurability in the RF front-end part is achieved by a reconfigurable filter based on a dual mode resonator with the possibility of using MEMS switches to tune the center frequency and the bandwidth of the preselector filter. System-level analysis and derivation of block-level specification for the specified standards are developed to design the receiver. Simulation results of both system-level analysis of the reconfigurable receiver and circuit design of the reconfigurable filter are presented and discussed. Simulation results indicate that the designed receiver meets the minimum requirements specified in GSM-1800 and UMTS-2100 wireless standards with a good margin.
Viral lysis and microzooplankton grazing of phytoplankton throughout the Southern Ocean

We investigated microzooplankton grazing and viral lysis of the pico‐ and nanophytoplankton community in the Southern Ocean during the “Sensitivity of Sub‐Antarctic Zone Waters to Global Change” cruise to the Australian sector (January–February 2007) and the Antarctic–XXIV/3 (February–March 2008) expedition to the Greenwich Meridian and the Drake Passage. A dilution assay was employed in concert with flow cytometry at stations that spanned the sub‐Antarctic, Polar Frontal, and Antarctic Zones and in the Weddell Gyre. Both viral lysis and microzooplankton grazing played a significant role in controlling cyanobacterial populations, except in the sub‐Antarctic west of Tasmania, where their growth was regulated by grazing alone. Three main groups of eukaryotic algae were detected, and these were calculated to have average cell diameters of 0.8, 2.1, and 3.7 µm. Grazing was significant in the control of their growth at all locations, whereas viral lysis of eukaryotic algae was comparatively minor, as it was detected in only 40% of the experiments. Throughout the surveyed sites no pattern between geographical location and growth rates and/or mortality rates could be established for any of the phytoplankton groups. Estimates of iron regeneration indicated that as a result of its widespread occurrence, microzooplankton grazing is a more consistent source of regenerated iron to the Southern Ocean but that viral lysis can be responsible for significant pulses of iron into the dissolved pool.
Tubulin as a molecular component of coated vesicles

Two proteins of 53,000 and 56,000 mol wt have been found to be associated with coated vesicles (CV) purified from bovine brain and chicken liver. These proteins share molecular weights, isoelectric points, and antigenic determinants with alpha- and beta-tubulins purified from bovine brain. Based on SDS PAGE and electron microscopic analysis of controlled pore glass bead exclusion column fractions, both the tubulins and the major CV polypeptide clathrin were found to chromatograph as components of a single kinetic particle. In addition, tubulin and CV antigens assayed by a sensitive enzyme-linked- immunoadsorbent method eluted from the columns with constant stoichiometry. These data provide evidence that tubulin is a molecular component of coated vesicles.
A new species of Lonchophylla (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the eastern Andes of northwestern South America

Abstract Since 2004 five new species have been described in the nectar-feeding phyllostomid bat genus Lonchophylla. All the new species are endemic to one Neotropical ecoregion, suggesting that more species remain to be discovered among collected specimens currently referred to several widespread taxa. Herein we describe a new species, Lonchophylla orienticollina, endemic to the middle elevations of the eastern Andes of Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. The new species superficially resembles its sympatric congener L. robusta, but its cranial morphology and combination of measurements are distinctive. Throughout its range, L. orienticollina is sympatric with L. robusta, and it also overlaps with L. handleyi in the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador. The evolutionary processes leading to the divergence among Lonchophylla species, as well as the ecological mechanisms that enable multiple, subtly different species to coexist will remain obscure without new field and phylogenetic studies.
Genomics and Proteomics of Closely Linked Vertebrate Genes and Enzymes of Cholesterol Metabolism : Cholesterol Ester Lipase ( LIPA ) and Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase ( CH 25 H )

Genomics and Proteomics of Closely Linked Vertebrate Genes and Enzymes of Cholesterol Metabolism: Cholesterol Ester Lipase (LIPA) and Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase (CH25H) Roger S Holmes, Laura A Cox and John L VandeBerg Department of Genetics and Southwest National Primate Research Center, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA, and School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
The relationship marketing as a determinant of customer satisfaction in Islamic banking services management

The purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions that determine whether customer satisfaction in Islamic banking services has been conducted at the Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA) in Perlis involving two institutions, namely Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UNIMAP) and Universiti Teknologi Mara (UITM) Perlis.The collection of the principal data was accomplished by using a survey paper to answer the study’s research questions.It involved 224 customers using the Islamic banking services.This study was analysed using the Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) by applying descriptive analysis and inferential analysis (Independent T-test, One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Correlation Pearson). This study finds that there are some different relationships in terms of position at the university level of education in the demographic characteristics analysis towards customer satisfaction. Most of the dimensions related to customer satisfaction in the Islamic banking services are positively correlated with each other (commitment, product knowledge, competence, service encounter). This study proves that this research is useful to academicians by providing new empirical evidence of relationship marketing with customer satisfaction in the Islamic banking industry.The results of this study can encourage bank managers to learn how to improve commitment, product knowledge, competence and service encounter in Islamic banks’ services to customers.
Polarimetry of the transient relativistic jet of GRB 110328 / Swift J164449.3+573451

We present deep infrared (Ks-band) imaging polarimetry and radio (1.4- and 4.8-GHz) polarimetry of the enigmatic transient Swift J164449.3+573451. This source appears to be a short-lived jet phenomenon in a galaxy at redshift z= 0.354, activated by a sudden mass accretion on to the central massive black hole, possibly caused by the tidal disruption of a star. We aim to find evidence for this scenario through linear polarimetry, as linear polarization is a sensitive probe of jet physics, source geometry and the various mechanisms giving rise to the observed radiation. We find a formal Ks-band polarization measurement of Plin= 7.4 ± 3.5 per cent (including systematic errors). Our radio observations show continuing brightening of the source, which allows sensitive searches for linear polarization as a function of time. We find no evidence of linear polarization at radio wavelengths of 1.4 and 4.8 GHz at any epoch, with the most sensitive 3σ limits as deep as 2.1 per cent. These upper limits are in agreement with expectations from scenarios in which the radio emission is produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet with a dense circumsource medium. We further demonstrate how polarization properties can be used to derive properties of the jet in Swift J164449.3+573451, exploiting the similarities between this source and the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts.
Resonant cavity modes in gallium oxide microwires

Fabry Perot resonant modes in the optical range 660-770 nm have been detected from single and coupled Cr doped gallium oxide microwires at room temperature. The luminescence is due to chromium ions and dominated by the broad band involving the T-4(2)-(4)A(2) transition, strongly coupled to phonons, which could be of interest in tunable lasers. The confinement of the emitted photons leads to resonant modes detected at both ends of the wires. The separation wavelength between maxima follows the Fabry-Perot dependence on the wire length and the group refractive index for the Ga2O3 microwires.
Time series classification for identification of radar targets

This thesis investigates the feasibility of distinguishing between two classes that are similar in size and velocities in an experimental radar system. The classification is performed using feature based time series classification methods on the history of measurements of a target track, in an attempt to catch the difference in movement pattern that can be seen in the two classes. Data from two separate test sets are used to evaluate the performance and usefulness of the classification. For the classification, four different classification algorithms of different complexity are evaluated, and their theory briefly described. The algorithms considered in this thesis are: neural networks, naive Bayes, logistic regression, and support vector machines. The inputs to these classifiers are statistical features extracted from the time series of measurements. Furthermore, the properties of the extracted features are studied to understand why some features are better separators than other. In the thesis it is shown that it is possible to use the time series to classify the types of targets present in the test sets fairly accurately. It is also found that even though there is some difference in performance and behaviour of the four classification algorithms over the test sets, the limiting factor in the classification is not the algorithms and their complexity, but rather the resolving power of the features that are used.
Heterodyne Interferometer for In-plane and Out-of-plane Displacement Measurements

An innovative interferometer based on the heterodyne interferometry, grating shearing interferometry, and Michelson interferometry for precise displacement measurement is proposed. The system configuration is simple and easy to set-up. A heterodyne light beam is generated by using an Electro-Optic Modulating (EOM) technique for amplitude modulation. While the heterodyne light beam normally passes through a semi-transmission diffraction grating, the reflection part (Michelson interferometry) for out-of-plane displacement detection and the diffraction part (Grating interferometry) for in-plane displacement detection can then be obtained. The experimental results demonstrate the system has the capability of providing twodimensional displacement information simultaneously. The measurement resolution and range can achieve to nanometer and millimeter levels.
Extinction and quiescence in marine animal genera

Abstract If last appearances of marine animal genera are taken as reasonable proxies for true extinctions, then there is appreciable global extinction in every stage of the Phanerozoic. If, instead, backsmearing of extinctions by incomplete sampling is explicitly taken into consideration, a different view of extinction emerges, in which the pattern of extinction is much more volatile and in which quiescent time spans—with little or no global extinction for several million years—are punctuated by major extinction events that are even more extreme than is generally thought. Independent support for this alternative view comes from analysis of genus occurrence data in the Paleobiology Database, which agrees with previous estimates of sampling probability and implies that offsets between extinction and last appearance of one or more stages are quite probable.
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of MoS2 monolayer in presence of ethanol gas

Due to high surface to volume ratio and tunable band gap, two dimensional (2D) layered materials such as MoS2, is good candidate for gas sensing applications. This research mainly focuses on variation of Density of States (DOS) of MoS2 monolayes caused by ethanol adsorption. The nanosheets are synthesized by liquid exfoliation, and then using Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) and Density Functional Theory (DFT), local electronic characteristic such as DOS and band gap in non-vacuum condition are analyzed. The results show that ethanol adsorption enhances DOS and deform orbitals near the valence and conduction bands that increase transport of carriers on the sheet.
Do discounts mitigate numerological superstitions? Evidence from the Russian real estate market

In this paper I investigate the impact of numerological superstitions and discounts’ effect on the buyers’ behavior in the apartment market using actual sales data. Based on the dataset from Moscow primary real estate market, which includes 40 buildings, we test the apartments buyers’ demand on lucky 7th floor and unlucky 13th floor in comparison to neighboring floors and its response to developers’ discount policy for the apartments on the 13th floor. Results of the random-effects model for the preference towards 7th floor show that that “good luck” effect is present at the 90% confidence interval. Results of the mixed-effects model for the preference towards the 13th floor’s apartments show that in case of discount moderation, the “bad luck” effect of the 13th floor is mitigated, while in case of “no discount” buildings we find the clear negative effect of the 13th floor.
ECO-based Gray codes generation for particular classes of words

A general Gray code for a very large family of combinatorial objects is given in [4]; it is based on generating trees (or ECO operators) and objects are encoded by their corresponding path in the generating tree and often it is possible to translate the obtained codes into codes for objects. Later, in [3, 7, 18] the ECO method is applied for generating Gray codes for some restricted classes of permutations. Motivated by these papers, we investigate the related problem for several classes of words. More precisely, we express in terms of ECO method known Gray codes for Dyck words, Grand Dyck words and combinations, and develop new Gray codes for Motzkin and Schröder words. The techniques we present here is, in a way, complementary to that of [4]: it is less general but easy to describe, understand, implement and manipulate. Also, our generating trees-based construction is an alternative to the reversing sublists technique [12], shuffle combinatorial objects [15], order relations [17, 19] or bubble languages [13], and has the advantage that intermediate produced objects are still (smaller size) objects in the same class. Some preliminary results concerning binary words have been presented in [16].
Test particle transport in perturbed magnetic fields in tokamaks

Numerical calculations of magnetic field line trajectories in a tokamak are used to investigate the common hypotheses that (i) field lines in a chaotic field make a Gaussian random walk and (ii) that the poloidal component of the magnetic field is uniform in regions with a chaotic magnetic field. Both hypotheses are found invalid in typical tokamak conditions. A test particle transport model in the so-called “collisionless diffusion” limit is presented, based on the field line excursions in numerical simulations. Decorrelation mechanisms that effectively enhance the transport in a stochastic field are investigated.
Impact of pH on Changing the Fatty Acid Composition and Growth of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei

Fatty acid composition and growth of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei, were studied at different pHs of the culture media in a fermenter with according interest in lactobacillic acid production of the cultures. In this study, we notice, the increasing of total fatty acid content of the bacterial cells with increasing culture age. The production of lactobacillic acid was affected in lactobacillus by culture age and pH of the media, but in a very different manner. In Lb. casei cultures, the relative proportion of lactobacillic acid was highest when the pH was lowest (pH 4.5), whereas in Lb. plantarum cultures, the proportion of lactobacillic acid was highest at pH 7.0. The pH of the medium affected not only the relative proportion of lactobacillic acid, but also biomass production and total fatty acid accumulation of the cultures. Thus, by controlling the pH of the cultures, the volumetric yield of lactobacillic acid could be improved considerably compared to cultures without pH control.
Mild Cognitive iMpairMent Abstract Functional Limitations Predict Future Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Functional Limitations Predict Future Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a term used to describe the transitional stage between normal aging and dementia, wherein changes in cognitive abilities are limited enough to maintain independence. Although the degree of functional impairment present does not yet warrant a diagnosis of dementia in MCI, there are subtle changes in everyday activities that may indicate the presence of an underlying neurodegenerative condition. The goal of this paper is to review the types of functional changes that are detectable in MCI and the prognostic value of assessing everyday functioning in this population.
Urban, suburban and rural household density trends

Census data may be used to illuminate changing patterns in urban and regional Australia, to inform policy development and to help us to better understand our surroundings. When visualised, census data can provide a straightforward means for planners and decision-makers both to identify spatial and temporal patterns and to consider the implications of those patterns for the future (Coffee, Lange and Baker 2016). The visual presentation of census data can also allow citizens to better interpret their lived experience in Australia’s capital cities and suburbs.