Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring Nurses' Experiences With Unintended Adverse Consequences in EMR Use in Acute Care Settings

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Adverse effects of EMR use have been rarely reported in South Korea. This study examined nurses' experiences with unintended adverse consequences associated with EMR implementation. The participants were 155 nurses using the EMR for patient care in three public hospitals. The statistically tested 21-item instrument and the same 21 open-ended questions were used for data collection. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way analysis of variance, and the descriptions were grouped by meaning. The participants frequently experienced unintended adverse consequences that resulted from EMR use, and their experiences were organized into 11 subgroups under four dimensions of the unintended consequences instrument including the malfunction and inefficient design of EMR screens dimension (two groups), extra work from EMR implementation dimension (three groups), EMR incompatibility and changes in the prescription pattern dimension (three groups), and patient safety and EMR dependence (three groups). Successful implementation of EMRs is possible when unintended adverse consequences identified by the users are corrected and EMRs are tailored to user needs. Healthcare organizations should provide administrative support, timely technical remedy, and user training to increase user acceptance on a system.
Ultrasonic assessment of osseointegration phenomena at the bone-implant interface using convolutional neural network.

Although endosseous implants are widely used in the clinic, failures still occur and their clinical performance depends on the quality of osseointegration phenomena at the bone-implant interface (BII), which are given by bone ingrowth around the BII. The difficulties in ensuring clinical reliability come from the complex nature of this interphase related to the implant surface roughness and the presence of a soft tissue layer (non-mineralized bone tissue) at the BII. The aim of the present study is to develop a method to assess the soft tissue thickness at the BII based on the analysis of its ultrasonic response using a simulation based-convolution neural network (CNN). A large-annotated dataset was constructed using a two-dimensional finite element model in the frequency domain considering a sinusoidal description of the BII. The proposed network was trained by the synthesized ultrasound responses and was validated by a separate dataset from the training process. The linear correlation between actual and estimated soft tissue thickness shows excellent R2 values equal to 99.52% and 99.65% and a narrow limit of agreement corresponding to [ -2.56, 4.32 μm] and [ -15.75, 30.35 μm] of microscopic and macroscopic roughness, respectively, supporting the reliability of the proposed assessment of osseointegration phenomena.
Studies on Suspension and Emulsion

乳化剤としてラウリル硫酸ナトリウム (SLS) を用い, メタクリル酸メチルのモノマー過酸化物 (MMA-PO) によって開始されたMMAの乳化重合において, 主として, モノマー過酸化物の挙動について検討し, 次の結果を得た。 1) 重合初速度は次式で示された。 Rp∝[MMA-PO]0.3[SLS]0.4[MMA]0, 2) 系中に含まれる溶存酸素は, 重合の進行とともに新たにモノマー過酸化物を生成せしめた。 3) 重合初速度は油溶性のN, N'-ジメチルアニリン添加によって増大した。 一方, 水溶性のチオ硫酸ナトリウム添加によっては増大しなかつた。 4) 重合速度は重合率25%前後で低下した。 ちょうどこの時期に, モノマー油滴の消失および生成ポリマーの重合度の低下を認めた。 しかし, N, N'一ジメチルアニリン添加系では重合速度の低下は認められなかった。 以上の結果から, モノマー過酸化物によって開始された乳化重合は, まず, せっけんミセルおよび水相で重合が開始され, ポリマー粒子が生成するとともに生成粒子内で重合が進行する。 この際, ポリマー粒子内の重合にあずかるラジカルは, モノマー油滴消失前では主としてモノマー油滴からの拡散ラジカルであり, 油滴消失後ではポリマー粒子での分解ラジカルであろうと推定した。
Effects of long-term high-altitude exposure on fibrinolytic system

ABSTRACT Objective High altitude (HA), with the main feature of hypobaric hypoxia, is an independent risk factor for thrombosis. However, little is known on the alterations of fibrinolytic system in adaptation to HA. In this study, we investigated changes of fibrinolytic system parameters between individuals permanently living at HA and low altitude (LA) regions, and provided data for further studies on HA-induced thrombotic disease. Material and methods A total of 226 eligible participants, including 103 LA participants, 100 healthy HA subjects and 23 high altitude polycythemia (HAPC) patients, were recruited in this study. Six fibrinolytic parameters, i.e. fibrinogen (Fbg), D-dimer (DDi), antithrombin III (AT-III), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen (PLG) were analyzed respectively. PAI-1 and tPA were performed by using bio-immuno-assays and an automated coagulation analyzer was used to conduct Fbg, DDi, AT-III and PLG tests. Results Plasma levels of Fbg, DDi, PAI-1 and PLG were significantly higher in healthy HA group than in LA group (all p < 0.05), whereas tPA was significantly lower in healthy HA group. No significant difference in AT-III was observed between healthy HA and LA groups (p > 0.05). All these fibrinolytic parameters showed no significant distinctions between healthy HA subjects and HAPC patients (all p > 0.05). HGB showed no relationship with fibrinolytic parameters in HA cohort. Conclusion This study demonstrates that HA environment has a significant effect on fibrinolytic system and provides a foundation for further studies on HA hypobaric hypoxia-induced thrombotic disease.
Prior induction of cellular antiviral pathways limits frog virus 3 replication in two permissive Xenopus laevis skin epithelial-like cell lines

Frog virus 3 (FV3) causes mortality in a range of amphibian species. Despite the importance of the skin epithelium as a first line of defence against FV3, the interaction between amphibian skin epithelial cells and FV3 remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we used newly established Xenopus laevis skin epithelial-like cell lines, Xela DS2 and Xela VS2, to study the susceptibility and permissiveness of frog skin epithelial cells to FV3, and the innate immune antiviral and proinflammatory gene regulatory responses of these cells to FV3. Both cell lines are susceptible and permissive to FV3, yet do not exhibit appreciable transcript levels of scavenger receptors recently demonstrated to be used by FV3 for cellular entry. Xela DS2 and Xela VS2 upregulate antiviral and proinflammatory cytokine transcripts in response to poly(I:C) but not to FV3 or UV-inactivated FV3. Poly(I:C) pretreatment limited FV3 replication and FV3-induced cytopathic effects in both cell lines. Thus, Xela DS2 and Xela VS2 can support FV3 propagation, represent in vitro systems to investigate antiviral responses of frog skin epithelial cells, and are novel tools for screening compounds that initiate effective antiviral programs to limit FV3 replication.
Bedtime administration of antihypertensive medication can reduce morning blood pressure surges in hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND The risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events is the highest during the first several hours post-awakening in patients with hypertension. This is largely due to surges in morning blood pressure (BP). The current meta-analysis explored whether morning BP is affected by the timing of antihypertensive drug administration. METHODS Four medical databases were searched for clinical trials that examined the relationship between the timing of antihypertensive drug administration and morning BP levels. This meta-analysis compared morning BP surges in patients administered medication at bedtime versus patients administered medication during the day. RESULTS The random effects model demonstrated that bedtime administration of antihypertensive drugs reduced morning systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 1.17 mmHg [with 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.47 to 0.37; P=0.08), and reduced morning diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 0.95 mmHg (95% CI: -2.03 to 0.13; P=0.08), compared with patients who were administered medication during the daytime hours. However, the results did not demonstrate statistical significance. There was strong heterogeneity in both morning SBP (I2 =77.9% >50%, and Q test >0.1) and morning DBP results (I2 =77.9% >50%, and Q test >0.1). The funnel plots showed no publication bias in this study. DISCUSSION Studies have shown that a 1 mmHg change was sufficient to reduce the risk of cardiovascular-related deaths by 2.1%. Therefore, changing the time of taking antihypertensive medications may significantly reduce cardiovascular-associated mortality. There were certain limitations to this meta-analysis. First, the heterogeneity of the meta-analysis was strong, with undefined reasons. Second, the sample size was relatively small, and future studies involving larger cohorts are warranted to further assess the effects of bedtime antihypertensive medication on minimizing morning BP surges.
What’s race got to do with it? Informant rating discrepancies in neuropsychological evaluations for children with ADHD

Abstract Objective To evaluate race-based discrepancies in informant ratings and in rates of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnosis among a clinically referred sample of Black and White children. Method Demographic information and ratings of inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and conduct were collected from caregivers and teachers as part of neuropsychological evaluations at an outpatient clinic. The final sample included 3,943 children (6-18 years), of which 70% were White and 30% were Black. Results Teachers, but not caregivers, endorsed more inattentive symptoms and conduct problems for Black than for White children, irrespective of ADHD diagnostic status and socioeconomic status (SES), and after controlling for child sex, child age, and learning difficulties. Teachers endorsed more hyperactive/impulsive symptoms for Black children with ADHD of lower SES than for White children with these characteristics. Caregivers of Black children of higher SES reported fewer hyperactive/impulsive symptoms than caregivers of White children of higher SES. Despite differences in teachers’ ratings by race, diagnostic rates of ADHD in the context of neuropsychological evaluations were comparable for Black and White children. Conclusions Consistent with previous literature, teachers endorsed more ADHD and conduct problems in Black children. Within our clinically referred sample, this may reflect teacher bias rather than actual prevalence differences by rafce, given that Black caregivers endorsed fewer or similar numbers of symptoms relative to White caregivers. This lack of racial disparities in rates of ADHD diagnosis is inconsistent with findings in community- and population-based samples, and reflectspossible benefit of the use of neuropsychological evaluations in diagnostic decision-making for ADHD.
Dexmedetomidine attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting the JNK pathway.

BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is a common cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and disability that threatens human health. This study was conducted to explore the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in CI/RI, and to provide a theoretical basis for the recovery of brain function after cerebral ischemia. METHODS Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n=24) were randomly divided into Sham, Sham + Dex, Sham + yohimbine (Yoh) + Dex, Sham + SP600125, ischemic reperfusion (I/R), I/R + Dex, I/R + Yoh + Dex, and I/R + SP600125 groups, and a focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion rat model was established by linear thrombus. The neurological deficit score and infarct volume were measured. Wet/dry weight ratios were used to measure brain water content, and cerebral infarct volume was determined by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The cellular distribution of p-JNK and cleaved caspase-3 were examined using immunofluorescent staining (IF) and the total JNK and p-JNK were determined by Western blotting (WB). RESULTS Compared with the Sham group, the rats in I/R, I/R + Dex, I/R + Yoh + Dex, and I/R + SP600125 groups developed hemiparesis of the left forelimb at different levels with a higher neurological deficit score, brain water content, infarct volume, and markedly upregulated expression of cleaved caspase-3, p-JNK (P<0.05). Compared with the I/R group, the neurological deficit score, brain water content, infarct volume, and expression of cleaved caspase-3, p-JNK were markedly decreased in I/R + Dex, I/R + Yoh + Dex, and I/R + SP600125 groups (P<0.05), and compared with the I/R + Dex group, the neurological deficit score, brain water content, infarct volume, and expression of cleaved caspase-3, p-JNK were markedly increased in the I/R + Yoh + Dex group (P<0.05). Double immunofluorescence staining showed there was a strong colocalization between p-JNK and the astroglial marker GFAP. CONCLUSIONS The JNK signaling pathway is involved in CI/RI. Inhibition of the JNK pathway blocked caspase-3 activation which can decrease CI/RI. Dex can alleviate cerebral CI/RI in rats by increasing α2-adrenergic receptor and blocking JNK phosphorylation and activation of caspase-3.
Identification and genomic characterization of bovine parvovirus 1 in yaks

Bovine parvovirus 1 (BPV1) is a causative agent of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive cattle diseases. We collected 149 yak diarrhea fecal samples from 9 farms in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The samples were screened for BPV1 by PCR, and 2 samples were positive for BPV1. The complete genomes of these BPV1 isolates were sequenced successfully. The sequences of these 2 variants were both 5,515 bp in length and shared 96.5–96.8% identity with 2 previously reported BPV1 genomes (GenBank DQ335247, NC_001540). Twenty-six identical amino acid mutations were found in the 2 yak variants, including 7 amino acid substitutions in receptor-binding regions of the VP2 protein, and 5 amino acid substitutions in the NS1 protein C-terminal region that functions to activate transcription. The new genome sequences contribute to better understanding of the evolution and molecular characteristics of BPV1.
Sex Differences in Cardiac Troponin I and T and the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in the General Population

Abstract Background Cardiac troponin concentrations differ in women and men, but how this influences risk prediction and whether a sex-specific approach is required is unclear. We evaluated whether sex influences the predictive ability of cardiac troponin I and T for cardiovascular events in the general population. Methods High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) I and T were measured in the Generation Scotland Scottish Family Health Study of randomly selected volunteers drawn from the general population between 2006 and 2011. Cox-regression models evaluated associations between hs-cTnI and hs-cTnT and the primary outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Results In 19 501 (58% women, mean age 47 years) participants, the primary outcome occurred in 2.7% (306/11 375) of women and 5.1% (411/8126) of men during the median follow-up period of 7.9 (IQR, 7.1–9.2) years. Cardiac troponin I and T concentrations were lower in women than men (P < 0.001 for both), and both were more strongly associated with cardiovascular events in women than men. For example, at a hs-cTnI concentration of 10 ng/L, the hazard ratio relative to the limit of blank was 9.7 (95% CI 7.6–12.4) and 5.6 (95% CI 4.7–6.6) for women and men, respectively. The hazard ratio for hs-cTnT at a concentration of 10 ng/L relative to the limit of blank was 3.7 (95% CI 3.1–4.3) and 2.2 (95% CI 2.0–2.5) for women and men, respectively. Conclusions Cardiac troponin concentrations differ in women and men and are stronger predictors of cardiovascular events in women. Sex-specific approaches are required to provide equivalent risk prediction.
Rapid Separation and Determination of Nonionic Substances in Detergents by Centrifugal Chromatography

A rapid method is described for the separation and determination of nonionic substances in detergents by use of a centrifugal chromatograph. The sample was placed on the center of a circular alumina disk and eluted with 300 ml of a mixed solvent, ethyl acetate/methanol (1 : 1, vol/vol), rotating the disk at 400 rpm. By this method nonionic substances such as alkyl poly (oxyethylene) ether and N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) alkanamide in commercial detergents and shampoos were separated quantitatively within 10 min without the interference from coexisting anionic surfactants. The analytical results agreed with those obtained by the column chromatography on alumina.
Galvanic Corrosion of Brass /steel 907A Couple in Artificial Seawater

Galvanic corrosion of brass /steel 907A couples with various cathode /anode area ratios were examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electrochemical noise technique. Experimental results show that the galvanic corrosion of couples accelerate within the initial 24h, and then decrease in the later time (from 26h to 720h). The products nucleation, growth, film formation stages are characterized using energy distribution plots (EDP) and two parameters (n1 and n2) are adopted to differentiate the nucleation and growth processes. According to the variation tendency of n1 and n2, galvanic corrosion process are divided into fluctuating stage and stabilization stage. As the cathode /anode area ratios increase, the corrosion rates of brass /steel 907A couples increase and the period of fluctuating stage lengthens.
The Influence of Video-Modeled Sexual Assault Disclosure and Self-Efficacy Messages on Sexual Assault Disclosure Efficacy of Adolescent Girls

Adolescent female victims of sexual assault must often disclose their victimization to trusted adults to seek positive physical and mental health outcomes; however, adolescent girls face unique barriers to disclosure, and they are less likely to disclose compared to adult women. Media interventions could be useful in motivating adolescent girls to feel more efficacious about disclosing sexual assaults. Self-efficacious messages in media that model disclosure behavior could motivate adolescent girls to feel more confident disclosing information about an assault and seeking positive health outcomes. This study used quasi-experimental methods to test the effect of a YouTube vlog containing a self-efficacy message about sexual assault disclosure. Results indicate that exposure to the self-efficacious message leads to higher sexual assault disclosure efficacy among adolescent girls who identify with self-efficacious media characters (B = −.0867, SE = .059, 95% CI [−.2318, −.0033]), albeit indirectly through perceived discrimination of sexual assault victims and approach coping behaviors. Appropriate interventions targeting disclosure of sexual assault by adolescent girls could include a more holistic view of disclosure and use new mediums like YouTube vlogs to deliver self-efficacious messages.
How Health Consciousness and Health Literacy Influence Evaluative Responses to Nutrient-Content Claimed Messaging for an Unhealthy Food

Guided by the theoretical frameworks of the “health halo effect” and consumer expertise, this research was undertaken to determine how two individual factors, health consciousness and health literacy, differentially influence evaluations of nutrient-content claimed messaging for an unhealthy food (i.e., chocolate) and whether such evaluations are moderated by the reading of the food’s Nutrition Facts Label displaying different serving sizes. The research found that health consciousness positively influenced evaluative responses to unhealthy food messaging, and that the positive influence persisted following the reading of a Nutrition Facts label listing a large quantity of unhealthy ingredients per serving size. In contrast, health literacy negatively influenced perceived healthiness and purchase intention when the nutrition label communicated a higher serving size, indicating that subjective and objective expertise work differently. The results advance understanding of the information processing of nutrient-claimed unhealthy foods, and suggest implications for food marketing communication and public health policy.
Vaccinomics driven proteome-wide screening of Haemophilus influenzae for the prediction of common putative vaccine candidates.

Haemophilus influenzae colonizes the respiratory tract and is associated with life-threatening invasive infections. The recent rise in its global prevalence, even in the presence of multiple vaccines, indicate an urgent need for developing cross-strain effective vaccine strategies. Our work focused on identifying the universally conserved antigenic regions of H. influenzae that can be used for developing new vaccines. A variety of bioinformatics tools were applied for the comprehensive geno-proteomic analysis of H. influenzae type "a" strain, as reference serotype, through which subcellular localization, essentiality, virulence, and non-host homology were determined. B and T-Cell epitope mapping of 3D protein structures were performed. Thereafter, molecular docking with HLA DRB1*0101 and comparative genome analysis established the candidature of identified regions. Based on the established vaccinomics criteria, five target proteins were predicted as novel vaccine candidates. Among these, 9 epitopic regions were identified that could regulate the lymphocyte activity through strong protein-protein interactions. Comparative genomic analysis exhibited that the identified regions were highly conserved among the different strains of H. influenzae. Based on multiple immunogenic factors, the five prioritized proteins and their predicted epitopes were identified as the ideal common putative vaccine candidate against typeable strains.
Chloroplast genome features of Moricandia arvensis (Brassicaceae), a C3-C4 intermediate photosynthetic species

Moricandia arvensis, a plant species originating from the Mediterranean, has been classified as a rare C3-C4 intermediate species, and it is a possible bridge during the evolutionary process from C3 to C4 plant photosynthesis in the family Brassicaceae. Understanding the genomic structure, gene order, and gene content of chloroplasts (cp) of such species can provide a glimpse into the evolution of photosynthesis. In the present study, we obtained a well-annotated cp genome of M. arvensis using long PacBio and short Illumina reads with a de novo assembly strategy. The M. arvensis cp genome was a quadripartite circular molecule with the length of 153,312 bp, including two inverted repeats (IR) regions of 26,196 bp, divided by a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,786 bp and a large single copy (LSC) region of 83,134 bp. We detected 112 unigenes in this genome, comprising 79 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNAs, and four rRNAs. Forty-nine long repeat sequences and 51 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci of 15 repeat types were identified. The analysis of Ks (synonymous) and Ka (non-synonymous) substitution rates indicated that the genes associated with “subunits of ATP synthase” (atpB), “subunits of NADH-dehydrogenase” (ndhG and ndhE), and “self-replication” (rps12 and rpl16) showed relatively higher Ka/Ks values than those of the other genes. The gene content, gene order, and LSC/IR/SSC boundaries and adjacent genes of the M. arvensis cp genome were highly conserved compared to those in related C3 species. Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that M. arvensis was clustered into a subclade with cultivated Brassica species and Raphanus sativus, indicating that M. arvensis was not involved in an independent evolutionary origin event. These results will open the way for further studies on the evolutionary process from C3 to C4 photosynthesis and hopefully provide guidance for utilizing M. arvensis as a resource for improvinng photosynthesis efficiency in cultivated Brassica species.