Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epiphytism, anatomy and regressive evolution in trichomanoid filmy ferns (Hymenophyllaceae)

The few studies on the evolution of epiphytism in ferns have mostly focused on xerophytic and humus-collecting strategies, neglecting hygrophytes that are abundant in rainforests, such as the trichomanoids (Hymenophyllaceae). Using a phylogenetic approach, we studied the acquisition of epiphytism in this lineage, with the aim of identifying ecological anatomical adaptations and verifying the regressive epiphytic ‘bryophyte-like’ strategy previously suggested for the group. Inferred evolution of anatomy and morphology, regression and ecology (more particularly colonial epiphytism) were analysed and compared using a maximum likelihood approach. Regressive evolution of anatomy and morphology is revealed in the three clades of colonial epiphytes, probably linked to the selection of water acquisition by blades rather than by regressed roots. However, the ‘bryophyte-like’ strategy is restricted to some taxa (especially Didymoglossum). Furthermore, a relationship is revealed between large metaxylem and climbing habit. Diversification of colonial epiphytes (and some individual epiphytes) and hemi-epiphytism would have occurred in the upper Cretaceous and Tertiary, in accordance with the timing of diversification of modern ferns and the evolution of epiphytism in other fern families in the first angiosperm-dominated forests. This was here performed by selecting hygrophilous strategies that are unique in vascular plants. © 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 173, 573–593.
iPromoter-BnCNN: a novel branched CNN based predictor for identifying and classifying sigma promoters

Motivation Promoter is a short region of DNA which is responsible for initiating transcription of specific genes. Development of computational tools for automatic identification of promoters is in high demand. According to the difference of functions, promoters can be of different types. Promoters may have both intra and inter class variation and similarity in terms of consensus sequences. Accurate classification of various types of sigma promoters still remains a challenge. Results We present iPromoter-BnCNN for identification and accurate classification of six types of promoters - σ24, σ28, σ32, σ38, σ54, σ70. It is a CNN based classifier which combines local features related to monomer nucleotide sequence, trimer nucleotide sequence, dimer structural properties and trimer structural properties through the use of parallel branching. We conducted experiments on a benchmark dataset and compared with six state-of-the-art tools to show our supremacy on 5-fold cross-validation. Moreover, we tested our classifier on an independent test dataset. Availability Our proposed tool iPromoter-BnCNN web server is freely available at http://103.109. 52.8/iPromoter-BnCNN. The runnable source code can be found here. Contact rafeed@cse.uiu. ac.bd Supplementary information Supplementary data (benchmark dataset, independent test dataset, model files, structural property information, attention mechanism details and web server usage) are available at Bioinformatics. online.
A functionally neutral single chain antibody to measure beta‐1 integrin uptake and recycling

Integrin‐mediated cell adhesion and signaling are critical for many physiological processes. The dynamic turnover of integrins and their associated adhesion complexes through endocytic and recycling pathways has emerged as an important mechanism for controlling cell migration and invasion in cancer. Thus, the regulation of integrin trafficking and how this may be altered by disease‐specific molecular mechanisms has generated considerable interest. However, current tools available to study integrin trafficking may cause artifacts and/or do not provide adequate kinetic information. Here, we report the generation of a functionally neutral and monovalent single chain antibody to quantitatively and qualitatively measure β1 integrin trafficking in cells. Our novel probe can be used in a variety of assays and allows for the biochemical characterization of rapid recycling of endogenous integrins. We also demonstrate its potential utility in live cell imaging, providing proof of principle to guide future integrin probe design.
Low Latency Ambient Backscatter Communications with Deep Q-Learning for Beyond 5G Applications

Low latency is a critical requirement of beyond 5G services. Previously, the aspect of latency has been extensively analyzed in conventional and modern wireless networks. With the rapidly growing research interest in wireless-powered ambient backscatter communications, it has become ever more important to meet the delay constraints, while maximizing the achievable data rate. Therefore, to address the issue of latency in backscatter networks, this paper provides a deep Q-learning based framework for delay constrained ambient backscatter networks. To do so, a Q-learning model for ambient backscatter scenario has been developed. In addition, an algorithm has been proposed that employ deep neural networks to solve the complex Q-network. The simulation results show that the proposed approach not only improves the network performance but also meets the delay constraints for a dense backscatter network.
Severe Hypoglycemia and Risk of Falls in Type 2 Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

OBJECTIVE Hypoglycemia has been postulated to contribute to falls risk in older adults with type 2 diabetes. However, few studies have prospectively examined the association between severe hypoglycemia and falls, both important causes of morbidity and mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study with diagnosed diabetes at visit 4 (1996–1998). Episodes of severe hypoglycemia requiring medical treatment were identified using ICD-9 codes from hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and ambulance calls; total falls were identified from medical claims using E-codes from 1996 to 2013. Secondary analyses examined hospitalized falls and falls with fracture. We calculated incidence rates and used Cox regression models to evaluate the independent association of severe hypoglycemia with falls occurring after visit 4 through 2013. RESULTS Among 1,162 participants with diabetes, 149 ever had a severe hypoglycemic event before baseline or during the median of 13.1 years of follow-up. The crude incidence rate of falls among persons without severe hypoglycemia was 2.17 per 100 person-years (PY) (95% CI 1.93–2.44) compared with 8.81 per 100 PY (6.73–11.53) with severe hypoglycemia. After adjustment, severe hypoglycemia was associated with a more than twofold higher risk of falls (hazard ratio 2.23, 95% CI 1.61–3.07). Associations were consistent in subgroups defined by age, sex, race, BMI, duration of diabetes, or functional difficulty. CONCLUSIONS Severe hypoglycemia was associated with a substantially higher risk of falls in this community-based population of adults with diabetes. Fall risk should be considered when individualizing glycemic treatment in older adults. Assessing hypoglycemia history and future hypoglycemia risk could also improve multifactorial fall prevention interventions for older adults with diabetes.
Mating system and timing of breeding in Holarctic waders

Abstract In passerine birds polygamous species lay eggs later than monogamous species. Yom-Tov has hypothesized that this is because polygamous males do not provision their mates with food, thereby delaying egg-laying. An indirect prediction of this hypothesis is that there should be no difference in laying dates between monogamous and polygamous birds in which mate provisioning does not occur. This prediction was tested by examining egg-laying dates in sympatric wader species that have contrasting mating systems but in which food provisioning of mates does not occur. Polyagamous waders laid eggs later than monogamous waders, however, both in a comparison involving only calidridine sandpipers and in a comparison involving sandpipers and plovers. Accounting for phylogeny did not affect the direction of the results, which therefore cast doubt on the validity of the ‘mate provisioning’ hypothesis and indicated that features common to both passerines and waders were more likely to explain the differences in egg-laying dates between mating systems. Mating system and parental care system were strongly related, with all polygamous species being uniparental and monogamous species being biparental. It is suggested that seasonally early food supplies are of relatively low abundance, constraining species to biparental care and monogamy. By contrast, seasonally late food supplies are more abundant, making uniparental care more successful, thereby creating greater opportunities for mate desertion and polygamy.
Thomomys nayarensis, a new species of pocket gopher from the Sierra del Nayar, Nayarit, Mexico

Abstract The southern pocket gopher, Thomomys umbrinus, traditionally has been divided into as many as 5 genetically defined subclades based on chromosomal and allozymic data. Recent molecular analyses have resurrected 2 species from within these clades: 1 from the Pacific coastal lowlands (T. atrovarius), and another from the highlands of the Sierra Madre Occidental (T. sheldoni). In this study, multilocus genetic analyses of 3 mitochondrial and 5 nuclear genes reveal a previously unrecognized 3rd species apparently restricted to the Sierra del Nayar of northeastern Nayarit, Mexico. In addition to molecular and chromosomal studies of this new species, cranial morphology is analyzed to help distinguish it from its congeners. This taxon, T. nayarensis, is described herein, and a key to distinguishing the 3 species of Thomomys in northeastern Nayarit is provided. Resumen La tuza sureña, Thomomys umbrinus, tradicionalmente ha sido dividida hasta en 5 subclados, definidos genéticamente con base en datos cromosómicos y de aloenzimas. Análisis moleculares recientes han resucitado 2 especies a partir de estos clados: 1 especie de las tierras bajas de la costa del Pacífico (T. atrovarius), y otra de las tierras altas de la Sierra Madre Occidental (T. sheldoni). En este estudio, análisis genéticos multilocus de 3 genes mitocondriales y 5 genes nucleares revelan una 3ra especie no descrita previamente, y aparentemente restringida a la Sierra del Nayar del noreste de Nayarit. Además de los estudios moleculares y cromosómicos de esta nueva especie, la morfología craneal es analizada para ayudar a distinguirla de sus congéneres. Este taxon, T. nayarensis, se describe aquí, y se proporciona una clave taxonómica para distinguir las 3 especies de Thomomys en el noreste de Nayarit.
Spectrum Prediction for Frequency Bands with High Burstiness: Analysis and Method

Spectrum prediction has recently gained a lot of attention due to its extensive applications in cognitive radio networks. However, most of the related research assumed that the spectrum occupancy pattern is time-invariant, which limits the performance of proposed prediction methods for the high burst frequency bands, e.g. the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) bands. In order to improve the prediction accuracy for them, this paper first analyzes the characteristics of the collected real WiFi data in 2.4GHz ISM band, and shows the burstiness of the band from multiple aspects. Based on the analysis, we then propose a MultiLayer Perceptron based Reinforcement Learning (RLMLP) method which could adaptively select the corresponding predicting action according to the state to which any piece of data belongs. The state space of the method consists of multiple data categories that are determined by the results of feature partitioning, while the action space is composed of multiple MLPs with the same mapping structure. Finally, numerical results on the collected data show that the proposed RLMLP method is significantly better than the state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of the prediction performance.
Dexpanthenol in Wound Healing after Medical and Cosmetic Interventions (Postprocedure Wound Healing)

With the availability of new technologies, the number of subjects undergoing medical and cosmetic interventions is increasing. Many procedures (e.g., ablative fractional laser treatment) resulting in superficial/minor wounds require appropriate aftercare to prevent complications in wound healing and poor cosmetic outcome. We review the published evidence of the usefulness of topical dexpanthenol in postprocedure wound healing and the associated mechanisms of action at the molecular level. A search in the PubMed and Embase databases was performed to query the terms dexpanthenol, panthenol, superficial wound, minor wound, wound healing, skin repair, and postprocedure. Search results were categorized as clinical trials and in vitro studies. In vitro and clinical studies provided evidence that topically applied dexpanthenol promotes superficial and postprocedure wound healing. Latest findings confirmed that dexpanthenol upregulates genes that are critical for the healing process. The gene expression data are of clinical relevance as evidenced by prospective clinical studies indicating that topical dexpanthenol accelerates wound healing with rapid re-epithelialization and restoration of skin barrier function following skin injury. It can therefore be inferred that topical dexpanthenol represents an appropriate and state-of-the-art treatment option for superficial postprocedure wounds, especially when applied early after the superficial skin damage.
Utilisation of Alicyclic Compounds by Soil Bacteria

Alicyclic compounds are recalcitrant hydrocarbons, they are a major component of crude oil and their fraction in the oil may be as high as 37%. They are used as industrial chemicals and are obtained via extraction from petroleum or by synthesis. A number of alicyclic compounds are, in addition to the petrogenic source, continually synthesized biologically as constituents of plants and microorganisms. Despite the wide occurrence of these compounds in nature, very little works had been carried out on their utilization by microorganisms. Species of Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter and Nocardia able to utilize cyclohexanone as sole carbon source were isolated from soil by enrichment technique. The isolates also grew on cyclohexanol, succinic and acetic acids as sole carbon sources. DNA profiles of the organisms did not reveal the presence of any plasmid. Growth in acriflavin- supplemented broth did not result in loss of ability to utilize the compounds. The genetic control of alicyclic metabolism in these organisms appeared to be chromosomal in nature. (Nature and Science. 2006;4(3):65-68).
Factors related to native host abandonment by the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Ferr.) (Col., Scolytidae)

The coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei is a serious pest of coffee berries. The ‘interseason’ is the most critical period for this beetle because at this time the vast majority of remaining berries or new immature berries are unsuitable for the development of this pest. CBB abandons its native berry to search for another host berry. This work shows that some factors affect the abandonment of female and specifies some biological characteristics of the particular female of the interseason. The following results were observed. A positive correlation was established between insolation and abandonment. Abandonment increased when immature berries were present close to the infested berries. The fecundation rate of colonizing females was 93% and the average survival time without food after abandonment of the berry was around 11 days. A pattern of the survival strategy developed by CBB at the interseason is proposed.
The communicative significance of song frequency and song length in territorial chiffchaffs

Spectral and temporal measures of vocalizations have been found to correlate with physical parameters that affect the fighting ability in various species of frogs, mammals, and birds. This correlation could play a role in communication for intersexual mate attraction, as well as intrasexual competition. In this study, we investigated whether the frequency and length of territorial songs reflects the body size (tarsus length, weight) of males in a small passerine species, the chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita. We found a tendency for a negative correlation between song frequency and tarsus length, but no significant links with song length. Furthermore, we carried out playback experiments to see whether the variation in song frequency and length is meaningful to receiving males and found that both parameters affected the males’ responses. We found that the response strength was related to the frequency difference between the songs of the tested male and the playback stimulus, rather than only to the stimulus frequency manipulation (increased/decreased frequency). Males showed a mixed strategy of moderate attack response, combined with a low approach response, when relatively low-frequency song stimuli were played back. In contrast, manipulation of the stimulus song length (shortened/elongated) was a better predictor of response strength than the relative differences in song length. Males attacked more and approached closer in response to elongated stimuli. Our data show how multiple messages can be encoded in different signal components; song frequency most likely conveys information about some aspect of fighting ability, whereas song length probably signals motivation to escalate into a fight among male chiffchaffs.
Distribution of Weedy Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Resistant to Imidazolinone Herbicides and its Relationship to Rice Cultivars and Wild Oryza Species

Abstract Several weedy red rice populations have evolved resistance to imidazolinone herbicides worldwide. The understanding of the factors related to the herbicide resistance in weedy red rice is important to prevent its occurrence in new areas where imidazolinone-resistant rice cultivars are being used, and to manage the new rice cultivars resistant to herbicides with modes of action other than the acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitors that are being developed. The objectives of this study were to analyze the relationship of weedy red rice populations from southern Brazil with rice cultivars and wild Oryza species and to evaluate the occurrence of introgression from rice cultivars and seed migration as the origin of resistance to imidazolinone herbicides in weedy rice. The study was based on 27 weedy red rice populations, seven rice cultivars, and four wild Oryza species that were genotyped with 24 simple sequence repeats and three ALS-specific single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. A large proportion of the genetic variation of the weedy red rice populations was found within (74%) rather than among populations (26%). The weedy red rice populations were more closely related to the newer rice cultivars that are imidazolinone-resistant than to the older cultivars. The South American native Oryza glumaepatula and the other wild Oryza species—Oryza rufipogon, Oryza longistaminata, and Oryza glaberrima—clustered separately from weedy red rice populations, indicating a low likelihood of introgression among weedy red rice and these wild species. Seed migration was an important factor in the genetic structure of the evaluated weedy red rice populations, although gene flow by pollen from resistant cultivars was the principal reason for the spread of herbicide resistance. Nomenclature: Weedy red rice, Oryza sativa L. ORYSA; rice, Oryza sativa L. ORYSA; brownbeard rice, Oryza rufipogon Griffiths; longstamen rice, Oryza longistaminata A. Chev. & Roehr. ; and African rice, Oryza glaberrima Steud.
"Where is the relationship" revisited: Using actor-partner interdependence modeling and common fate model in examining dyadic working alliance and session quality.

Building on previous studies (e.g., Kivlighan, 2007), we explored the application of actor-partner interdependence modeling (APIM) and the common fate model (CFM) in a multilevel framework to examine the dyadic multilevel associations between therapists' and clients' perceptions of working alliance and session quality. Forty-four therapists and their 284 adult community clients completed measures of working alliance and session quality after every session (a total of 8,188 sessions included in this study). We used APIM to unravel the mutual interdependence between therapist and client perceptions and used CFM to model both the shared and individual perceptions of the therapists and clients. APIM analyses showed that, at the between-session level, therapist and client perception of the session quality each was significantly predicted by the other's perception of the working alliance. At the between-client level, only therapist perception of the session quality was significantly predicted by the client's perception of the working alliance. There were no significant partner effects at the between-therapist level. CFM analyses showed that therapist-client shared perceptions of working alliance significantly predicted their shared perception of session quality at all three levels. In contrast, individual perceptions of working alliance correlated with individual perceptions of session quality for therapists only at the between-therapist and between-session levels, and for clients only at the between-client and between-session levels. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Palisada flagellifera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from the Canary Islands, Spain: a new record for the eastern Atlantic Ocean based on morphological and molecular evidence

Palisada flagellifera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) is recorded for the first time in the eastern Atlantic Ocean off Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma and Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain. The specimens were collected in 2006–2009 growing from the lower intertidal to subtidal zones to 2 m depth at sites exposed to wave action. The species possesses a palisade-like arrangement of cortical cells in cross section, lacks secondary pit connections between them, and has tetrasporangia produced by three fertile pericentral cells (the third and the fourth additional and the second that becomes fertile), and a right-angled arrangement of tetrasporangia. Gametangia were not observed. The phylogenetic relationships were inferred by analyses of the chloroplast-encoded rbcL gene sequences from 46 taxa. The Canarian and Brazilian P. flagellifera specimens formed a highly supported clade with a low level of genetic variation in the rbcL sequences (0.02–0.04%), confirming that they are the same taxonomic entity. This study expands the geographical distribution of P. flagellifera to the eastern Atlantic Ocean.
A Multi-domain Approach Toward Adaptations of Socio-technical Systems: The Dutch Railway Case-Part 2

Socio-technical systems are highly complex in which a number of domains each of which including numerous interdependent elements are present. Therefore, for adaptation of sociotechnical systems, Part 1 of this paper presented a multi-domain approach based upon Design Structure and Multi-domain matrices to develop/analyze a multi-domain model of those system. Moreover, that model is analyzed according to both (1) the change propagation measures of the non-human domain and (2) the information processing view of the stakeholder domain of the socio-technical system. This papers presents application of the presented method in the Dutch railway system. We have reviewed the relevant railway literature, and interviewed with a number of the Dutch railway experts and validated our model. The results are presented in this paper.