Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Reliability and Validity of Ankle Inversion and Eversion Torque Measurements From the Kin Com II Isokinetic Dynamometer

This study examined the test—retest reliability of a prototype device used to measure ankle inversion and eversion isokinetic average torque values. The purpose of this paper was to illustrate a situation where common isokinetic measures were reliable but not valid. Coneentric and eccentric average torque was assessed at 90 deg/s on the Kin Com II dynamometer using 14 healthy subjects in two sessions; a manufactured prototype ankle inversion/eversion attachment device was used. Reliability was assessed by performing separate intraclass correlations (ICC 2,1) on the results. The data indicated that the average torque calculated from the clockwise direction was consistently higher than those values from the counterclockwise direction, regardless of ankle movement or side measured. The validity of this prototype device to accurately measure average torque for these two ankle motions is questionable. This finding demonstrates a situation where the measures appear to be reliable while the validity of the device used to obtain the measures is suspect.
L3 acquisition of English present perfect

This study investigates L3 acquisition of English present perfect by Greek Cypriot speakers. One hundred CG university students took part in the study, the first part of which examined the sensitivity to grammatical norms (a passage correction task, based on Odlin et al., 2006), and the other part was focused on the production of English present perfect (elicitation of natural discourse, essays about personal experience). The results showed that L3 learners used more non-target tense forms (present simple and past simple) than the target present perfect in obligatory contexts, which is due to transfer from L1 CG. The findings are in line with the Typological Primacy Model (Rothman, 2010), as L3 learners transfer from L1 and this transfer is negative.
Derivation of 3-D coseismic surface displacement fields for the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake from InSAR and GPS measurements

for InSAR and GPS measurements are integrated to derive spatially high-resolution 3-D coseismic surface displacement ﬁelds of the 2011 M w 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, earthquake. A uniﬁed simultaneous least squares (USLS) approach is developed to minimize the inconsistence between the InSAR results from adjacent paths. 3-D ground displacements are then derived by integrating the InSAR and the GPS measurements with the method of weighted least squares (WLS). Comparisons with independent GPS measurements show that the root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the derived 3-D displacements are 6.30, 4.57 and 1.29 cm for the vertical, east and north components, respectively. The 3-D coseismic displacement map shows that the Honshu Island moved eastwards towards the epicentre and subsided in the eastern part. The maximal displacements in the vertical, east and north directions are − 1.5, 5.0 and − 2.0 m, respectively. The effects of the density of GPS sites on the InSAR/GPS integration are also investigated. The experimental results reveal that lower to 70 km spatial resolution’s GPS observations are adequate to guarantee the accuracies of the 3-D displacements for the Tohoku-Oki earthquake. This demonstrates the applicability of the developed WLS-based InSAR/GPS integration method, as in general the GPS observations are not as dense as those in this study area. Based on the spatially high-resolution 3-D surface displacement ﬁelds, we estimate the high-resolution and 3-D strain of the Tohoku-Oki earthquake. The preliminary results show that the Honshu Island suffers from an evident dilatation and shear during the seismic event. paths. The 3-D displacement results reveal clearly that the ground of the Honshu Island moved up to − 1.5, 5 and − 2 m, respectively in the vertical, east and north directions during the earthquake. Small- to moderate-sized coseismic displacements, which cannot be captured by the GEONET GPS measurements, are detected by the InSAR/GPS integration at the spatial resolution of about 70 m. The results provide useful insights into the spatial variation of the ground motion and the focal mechanism of the earthquake. The RMSEs between the InSAR/GPS integration and independent GPS measurements are 6.30, 4.57 and 1.29cm in the
From Sentence to Concept, a Linguistic Quantum Logic

The category of semi-modules over the lattice of a real interval I serves as a common frame for extensional logical semantics and conceptual vector semantics of natural language. The vector lattice of an I -space is embedded in its projector lattice. Words are represented by an extensional vector given in a pregroup lexicon and a conceptual vector that lives in a tensor product of 2-dimensional spaces where each 2-dimensional space stand for a ‘basic’ concept. Syntactical analysis deﬁnes the extensional vector of a grammatical string compositionally. The latter is translated to the concept vector of the string such that the truth of a sentence is equivalent to the truth of a concept. Examples include compound noun phrases with adjectives, quantiﬁers, negation and relative pronouns.
Cognitive and Affective Aspects of SMS Based Learning at the University Level.

Mobile learning delivery platforms include cell phone based SMS technologies that provide access to learning materials without being limited by space or time. Sophisticated technological advances in the domain of pedagogical delivery have led to flexible, motivated, userfriendly, controlled and adaptive learning using cell phone based delivery platforms. In the present study 296 first year college students who studied academic Hebrew language in a mandatory 28 week long (yearly) 'Introduction to Academic Hebrew' course were divided into two comparison groups and exposed to two different modes of vocabulary delivery. The first group of students received weekly lists of academic Hebrew vocabulary definitions sent via SMS messages to their cell-phones and the second group received weekly lists of academic Hebrew vocabulary definitions sent via email messages to their personal computer email inboxes. The academic Hebrew vocabulary lists studied by the students and provided via SMS and email delivery platforms were identical and the students received weekly lists 20 words and their exact definitions (total of 560 words) for the 28 week period of the course. At the end of the course the students in the two groups were tested on a standardized Academic Hebrew Vocabulary Achievement Test (AHVAT) and responded to a questionnaire that examined their levels of learner self-esteem, learner attribution and learner technological efficacy. Results of the study indicate that there were no significant differences between the achievement scores on the standardized Academic Hebrew Vocabulary Achievement Test attained by students in the SMS delivery group and students in the email delivery group. However, there were significant differences between the students in the two different delivery groups regarding their levels of learner self-esteem, learner attribution and learner technological efficacy. The students who received academic Hebrew vocabulary definitions via SMS messages indicated significantly higher levels of learner self-esteem, learner attribution and learner technological efficacy than their counterparts who received academic Hebrew vocabulary definitions via email messages. The results of the study indicate the potential evident in SMS based learning delivery platforms regarding enhancement of students' attitudes such
1 Kinetic Studies on Gas-Based Reduction of 2 Vanadium Titano-Magnetite Pellet 3

Vanadium titano-magnetite is a significant resource in China, and in this study, we 10 characterize its isothermal reduction mechanisms in the mixture of H2, CO, and N2 where the 11 variables considered here include reduction time, reduction temperature, gas composition, and 12 pellet size. The kinetics of the reduction process are mainly studied, which follows a shrinking core 13 model. The results indicate that the reduction degree of oxidized VTM pellets increases with the 14 increase of reduction time, reduction temperature but decreases with the increase of pellet size. 15 Moreover, we found that an increase of H2/(H2+CO) ratio induces an increase of the reduction 16 degree. Then the transformation of main Ti-bearing mineral phases is discussed, and the most 17 probable reaction mechanism is revealed. In the whole reduction process, the kinetic results confirm 18 the existence of an early stage and a latter stage, which are controlled by interface chemical reaction 19 and diffusion, respectively. Furthermore, the results show that the diffusion-control step can be 20 observably shortened with the decrease of pellet size because a thinner product layer is formed 21 during the reduction process. Our study thus provides a valuable technical basis on the VTM 22 industrial application. 23
A Huge Drop in the X-Ray Luminosity of the Nonactive Galaxy RX J1242.6–1119A, and the First Postflare Spectrum: Testing the Tidal Disruption Scenario

In recent years, indirect evidence has emerged suggesting that many nearby nonactive galaxies harbor quiescent supermassive black holes. Knowledge of the frequency of occurrence of black holes, of their masses and spins, is of broad relevance for studying black hole growth and galaxy and active galactic nuclei formation and evolution. It has been suggested that an unavoidable consequence of the existence of supermassive black holes, and the best diagnostic of their presence in nonactive galaxies, would be occasional tidal disruption of stars captured by the black holes. These events manifest themselves in the form of luminous flares powered by accretion of debris from the disrupted star into the black hole. Candidate events among optically nonactive galaxies emerged in the past few years. For the first time, we have looked with high spatial and spectral resolution at one of these most extreme variability events ever recorded among galaxies. Here we report measuring a factor of ~200 drop in luminosity of the X-ray source RX J1242-1119 with the X-ray observatories Chandra and XMM-Newton, and perform tests of the favored outburst scenario, tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole. We show that the detected "low-state" emission has properties such that it must still be related to the flare. The power-law shaped postflare X-ray spectrum indicates a "hardening" compared to outburst. The inferred black hole mass, the amount of liberated energy, and the duration of the event favor an accretion event of the form expected from the (partial or complete) tidal disruption of a star.
Title : Temporal dynamics of object location processing 1 in allocentric reference frame 2

1: Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy 6 of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 7 2: Systems and Control Laboratory, Institute for Computer Science and Control, 8 Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 9 3: Department of Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology, Eötvös 10 Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 11 4: 3D Internet-based Control and Communications Laboratory, Institute for Computer 12 Science and Control, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 13 5: Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary 14 6: Óbuda University, Antal Bejczy Center for Intelligent Robotics, Budapest, Hungary 15 16
Back pain in the osteoporotic individual: A physiatric approach

Back pain from osteoporosis is commonly related to compression fractures. The patient with vertebral compression fractures additionally suffers from an ongoing risk of recurrent fractures and postural abnormalities that can result in impaired respiratory function, leading to increased risk of morbidity. Weakened back muscles, especially the back extensor group, are felt to contribute significantly to this risk. The combination of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions, through physical activity, exercise, and modalities, are potential interventions that could be used to help reduce the pain of osteoporotic compression fractures as well as potentially reducing recurrent fracture rates.
Distinct regulations of ARF1 by two Aplysia Sec7 isoforms

ABSTRACT Sec7 protein is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor in the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family of small GTP-binding proteins. Aplysia Sec7 proteins (ApSec7s) play many roles in neurite outgrowth and synaptic facilitation in Aplysia neurons. However, the binding property of Aplysia ARF1 by ApSec7 isoforms has not been examined. In this study, we found that the cloned Aplysia ARF1 (ApARF1) protein only localized to the Golgi complex when it was expressed alone in HEK293T cells; however, if ApARF1 was co-expressed with plasma membrane-targeted ApSec7, it localized to both the plasma membrane and the Golgi complex via association with the Sec7 domain of ApSec7. Moreover, in HEK293T cells expressing both ApARF1 and another Sec7 isoform, ApSec7(VPKIS), the pleckstrin homology domain of ApSec7(VPKIS) associated with ApARF1, resulting in its localization to the Golgi complex. Overall, we propose a model in which ApSec7(VPKIS) activates ApARF1 in the Golgi complex, while ApSec7 recruits ApARF1 to the plasma membrane where it activates ApARF1/6 downstream signaling.
Seawater acclimation affects cardiac output and adrenergic control of blood pressure in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)—implications for salinity variations now and in the future

Climate change may exacerbate salinity variations in aquatic ecosystems, potentially affecting fish performance. We show that long-term seawater exposure in rainbow trout increases cardiac output and reduces blood pressure and vascular resistance through altered α-adrenergic control. Possible impacts of salinity fluctuations on fish aerobic swimming and digestive capacity are discussed.
Study of dynamic biped locomotion on rugged terrain-derivation and application of the linear inverted pendulum mode

A novel control method for biped locomotion on rugged terrain is introduced, assuming an ideal robot model which has massless legs. By applying constraint control to the robot body so that it moves on a particular straight line and rotates at a constant angular velocity, the dynamics of the center of mass of the body becomes completely linear. Such motion of the ideal model is called the linear inverted pendulum mode, and it is used to develop the control scheme of the biped walking on rugged terrain. Under the control method in the linear inverted pendulum mode, walking on a particular rugged ground is shown to be equivalent to walking on a level ground. It is also shown that the additional use of the ankle torque makes the proposed control scheme robust and applicable to a real biped robot with mass legs. Simulation results are presented. <<ETX>>
Pulmonary effects on exercise testing in tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch

Abstract Background A transannular patch is often used in the contemporary surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. This can lead to significant pulmonary insufficiency and increased right ventricular volumes and ultimately pulmonary valve replacement. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is used to assess exercise capacity in tetralogy of Fallot patients before pulmonary valve replacement. There is only few published literatures on how lung function affects functional capacity in tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch. Methods A retrospective chart review was done from 2015 to 2017 on patients with tetralogy of Fallot who underwent maximal effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing with cycle ergometry and with concurrent pulmonary function testing. Tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch without pulmonary valve replacement were compared with age, gender, and size-matched normal controls. Results In the tetralogy of Fallot group, 24 out of 57 patients underwent primary repair with a transannular patch. When compared to the normal controls, they demonstrated abnormal predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (79 ± 23.1% versus 90.7 ± 14.1%, p<0.05), predicted maximal voluntary ventilation (74 ± 18% versus 90.5 ± 16.2%, p<0.05) while having low-normal predicted forced vital capacity (80.5 ± 17.2% versus 90.2 ± 12.4%, p<0.05) and normal breathing reserve percentage (50.3 ± 11.3% versus 47.5 ± 17.3%, p = 0.52). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing abnormalities included significantly lower percent predicted oxygen consumption (63.2 ± 12.2% versus 87 ± 12.1%, p<0.05), maximal heart rate (171.8 ± 18.9 versus 184.6 ± 13.6, p<0.05), and percent predicted maximum workload (61.7 ± 15.9% versus 88.3 ± 21.5%, p<0.05). Conclusions Tetralogy of Fallot patients repaired with a transannular patch can have abnormal pulmonary function testing with poor exercise capacity in addition to chronotropic incompetence and impaired muscular power.
Diagnostic and predictive performance of biomarkers in patients with sepsis in an intensive care unit

Objective This study was performed to compare the predictive performance of serum procalcitonin (PCT), N-terminal brain natriuretic propeptide (NT-proBNP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods This retrospective cohort study enrolled 150 patients with sepsis and septic shock and 30 control patients without sepsis. Each patient was followed until death or 28 days. Correlations between variables were assessed with Spearman’s rho test. The Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for between-group comparisons. Results Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the SOFA score, PCT, NT-proBNP, IL-6, PT, and TT showed an area under the curve of 0.872, 0.732, 0.711, 0.706, 0.806, and 0.691, respectively, for diagnosing sepsis. Binary logistic regression demonstrated that the SOFA score was an independent predictor of 28-day mortality and septic shock. The correlation coefficient (r) between SOFA and PCT, NT-proBNP and SOFA, IL-6 and SOFA, PT and SOFA, and TT and SOFA was 0.79, 0.52, 0.57, 0.56, and 0.58, respectively. Conclusion While the SOFA score is the gold standard, analysis of multiple biomarkers could increase the performance capacity for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with sepsis in the ICU.
Design for testability II: from high level perspective

The advantage of a top-down design flow, specifying design a high abstraction level with less implementation specific details, is that design exploration, where design alternatives easily can be explored, is eased. Besides, there is another important advantage: the task of introducing a design for testability (DFT) method is eased too. This is because the model at high abstraction level includes fewer details and therefore the handling of design and test become easier. DFT is important to reduce the complexity of the test generation for a circuit (Fujiwara, 1985; Abramovici, Breuer, and Friedman, 1990). Various DFT methods have been proposed to augment a given circuit to become more easily testable.
Heuristic Algorithm based Approach to Classify EEG Signals into Normal and Focal

Condition of brain can be examined using the brain-signals and brain-images. Signal based evaluation is simple and offers essential information compared with the image based methods. This paper proposes an approach to evaluate the benchmark EEG signals. The implemented approach initially implements an amplitude based assessment to compute the peak-to-peak voltage value of the EEG signal. Later, it implements time-frequency conversation procedure to transfer the signal into image based on the wavelet transform. Further, the S-transform approach is considered to extract the essential signal features for the classifier system. Firefly-Algorithm (FA) based approach is also considered to choose leading signal features considered to train and test the classifier unit. In this work, classifiers, such as Support-Vector-Machine (SVM), Random-Forest (RF) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) are implemented and the result of this work offered an average accuracy of 80.39%. The works confirms that, proposed procedure offers better result on the chosen EEG signals.
CheMixNet: Mixed DNN Architectures for Predicting Chemical Properties using Multiple Molecular Representations

SMILES is a linear representation of chemical structures which encodes the connection table, and the stereochemistry of a molecule as a line of text with a grammar structure denoting atoms, bonds, rings and chains, and this information can be used to predict chemical properties. Molecular fingerprints are representations of chemical structures, successfully used in similarity search, clustering, classification, drug discovery, and virtual screening and are a standard and computationally efficient abstract representation where structural features are represented as a bit string. Both SMILES and molecular fingerprints are different representations for describing the structure of a molecule. There exist several predictive models for learning chemical properties based on either SMILES or molecular fingerprints. Here, our goal is to build predictive models that can leverage both these molecular representations. In this work, we present CheMixNet -- a set of neural networks for predicting chemical properties from a mixture of features learned from the two molecular representations -- SMILES as sequences and molecular fingerprints as vector inputs. We demonstrate the efficacy of CheMixNet architectures by evaluating on six different datasets. The proposed CheMixNet models not only outperforms the candidate neural architectures such as contemporary fully connected networks that uses molecular fingerprints and 1-D CNN and RNN models trained SMILES sequences, but also other state-of-the-art architectures such as Chemception and Molecular Graph Convolutions.
RFID Smart Shelf

In this paper, the principle of constructing the RFID smart shelf system is considered. The purpose of this study is the generic RFID system development and design of the RFID SMART SHELF system, which is able to find, identify and locate items with passive RFID tags attached to it. This paper is based on author's research results on RFID systems and components design and testing [1, 2], elements of such systems, as well as methods for increasing the accuracy of localization [3-5]. The results of development and experimental studies of the system are discussed.
Explain to Fix: A Framework to Interpret and Correct DNN Object Detector Predictions

Explaining predictions of deep neural networks (DNNs) is an important and nontrivial task. In this paper, we propose a practical approach to interpret decisions made by a DNN object detector that has fidelity comparable to state-of-the-art methods and sufficient computational efficiency to process large datasets. Our method relies on recent theory and approximates Shapley feature importance values. We qualitatively and quantitatively show that the proposed explanation method can be used to find image features which cause failures in DNN object detection. The developed software tool combined into the "Explain to Fix" (E2X) framework has a factor of 10 higher computational efficiency than prior methods and can be used for cluster processing using graphics processing units (GPUs). Lastly, we propose a potential extension of the E2X framework where the discovered missing features can be added into training dataset to overcome failures after model retraining.
Performance analysis of physical layer security over α-η-κ-μ fading channels

In this paper, we consider the secure data transmission over α-η-κ-μ fading channels, which are recently proposed to encompass nearly all the well-known statistical models adopted in the literature. In particular, we address the secrecy performance in terms of the average secrecy capacity (ASC) and the secrecy outage probability (SOP), for which novel analytical expressions are derived. Simulation results verify the analysis and demonstrate the impact of the physical parameters on the secrecy performance of this new channel fading model.