Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying Women With Cervical Neoplasia Using Human Papillomavirus DNA Testing for Equivocal Papanicolaou Results

PAPANICOLAOU (PAP) CERVICAL cytology screening has helped reduce cervical cancer rates dramatically since its implementation in the 1950s. Pap test reporting classifications have evolved and been refined, with the current standard being the Bethesda system. The management of equivocal Pap test abnormalities remains a large and complex clinical and public health challenge. The most common abnormal Pap test result is one of uncertainty, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). In the United States, about 2 million ASCUS Pap reports occur each year. A survey of Pap smear reporting rates in US cytology laboratories found a median of 2.9% ASCUS results, with 10% of laboratories reporting ASCUS rates of more than 9%. Author Affiliations are listed at the end of this article. Financial Disclosure: Drs Manos, Kinney, and Sherman have received grants or supplies from Cytyc Corporation, Boxborough, Mass, and Digene Corporation, Beltsville, Md. Drs Manos and Kinney have received honoraria for speaking from Cytyc and Digene. Dr Manos owns shares of Cytyc common stock. Corresponding Author and Reprints: M. Michele Manos, PhD, MPH, Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, 3505 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94611 (e-mail: mmm@dor.kaiser.org). Context A Papanicolaou (Pap) test result of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) presents a clinical challenge. Only 5% to 10% of women with ASCUS harbor serious cervical disease, but more than one third of the highgrade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in screening populations are identified from ASCUS Pap test results.
Spontaneous Regression of Soft Disc Herniation in Patients With Cervical Myelopathy

Purpose:To describe patients with cervical myelopathy due to cervical disc herniation (CDH) who showed spontaneous regression, we conducted a retrospective study. Methods:A review of clinical records since 1990 identified 19 patients (12 male and 7 female; mean age, 42.4 y) with mild cervical myelopathy due to CDH who exhibited spontaneous CDH regression after conservative treatment. Results:The mean Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were 13.7±1.4 before conservative treatment, 14.8±1.2 at 3 months, and 15.9±0.7 at final follow-up. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the CDH regression was observed at 7.5 months on average. Intramedullary high-signal intensity was observed in 15 patients (78.9%) before treatment and 9 patients (47.4%) at follow-up. The mean area of the spinal cord was 58.4±8.3 mm2 before treatment and 62.4±9.7 mm2 at follow-up. Conclusions:Spontaneous regression of the CDH in 19 patients with mild cervical myelopathy was observed, with improvements in neurological status and in intramedullary high-signal intensity on MRI.
Authoring Future Identities: Latina Girls Reading and Writing the University

In this article, we describe the campus visit we organized for Latina girls (grades 6–12) that participated in Somos Escritoras/We Are Writers. Somos Escritoras is a creative space that invites Latina girls to explore their lives and examine their worlds through art, writing, and theater. We focus on the writing marathon we designed for our visit and share the ways this activity invited girls to read and write the campus, while re-imagining their stories and authoring their futures. Drawing on figured words, we discuss how a campus visit can support Latina girls in constructing identities as future college students and graduates.
The Red Umbrella March: Crafting a Living Activist Archive

December 17th marks the International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers. Historically, on this day sex workers carry red umbrellas and march through the streets of large cities to fight for their rights, reduce stigma, and to make their presence visible in a city. In 2016 Changing Lives organised the first of these marches in Newcastle upon Tyne. We joined sex workers, support workers, police, and other supporters on this march as well as the remembrance service that took place afterwards. Through ethno-mimesis, we recorded our experiences of the march and subsequent service, focusing on the use of digital technologies. Between the march and the service, we also encouraged attendants to partake in our ‘red umbrellas’ activity. Here we used the open source JigsAudio tool to begin to craft a living activist archive of Newcastle’s experiences on the International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers. With this activity, we have supported Changing Lives service delivery, while simultaneously developing a digital archive of sex worker voices. To our knowledge, this is the first time that experiences of those marching to end violence against sex workers are archived in this format. We archive the voices in a hybrid craft where playful crafting is mixed with tangible technologies to develop a space where the archive is manifested not only through the digital audio recording of voices, but also through the tangible crafted artefact.
A complexity perspective on organisational change : making sense of emerging patterns in self-organising systems

This thesis adopts a complexity perspective to further understanding of organisational change and its leadership. It uses complexity to reframe organisational change as self-organising; a continuous process with emergent outcomes. Then it considers individual potency of reflexive agents within self-organising change, by asking what emerging organisational patterns change leaders notice, interpret and respond to as they pursue change in organisations. That question is explored within a longitudinal, multi-level, largely qualitative, case study. The study focuses deeply on an organisation in the midst of change from the perspective of change leaders. Multiple data sources are used: in-depth interviews; observation; documents; a workshop; and a social networks/change leader survey. Within an inductive analytic strategy, the study employs a combination of analytic procedures to make sense of rich, eclectic, case data. It takes an interpretive epistemological stance, while retaining the realist ontological thread of a complex reality. The research findings highlight the challenges facing change leaders trying to make sense of emerging patterns, in far-from-equilibrium conditions, when they too are ‘on the receiving end’ of change. The findings illustrate that change leaders notice and interpret emerging organisational patterns in particular spheres of human activity: patterns of events; ‘changing patterns of relations’; and ‘changing patterns of attention’. Multi-level triangulation highlights fractal self-similarity in the patterning of emergent responses across levels: responses of individual change leaders and organisational response patterns across a population of interdependent people can both be categorised in affective, cognitive and behavioural terms. The major contributions of this study are (1) its identification of domains of emergent organisational change; and (2) its development of a multi-level typology of domains of emergent change. While organisational change outcomes are emergent and inherently unpredictable, these findings may help scholars and practitioners to theoretically anticipate and make sense of emerging organisational patterns.
Essays in Health and Behavioral Economics

This dissertation consists of three chapters, each of which is an independent essay in the fields of health or behavioral economics. The first chapter explores the use of heuristics among highly-trained physicians diagnosing heart disease in the emergency department (ED), a common task with life-or-death consequences. Using data from a large private-payer claims database, I find compelling evidence of heuristic thinking in this setting: patients arriving in the ED just after their 40th birthday are roughly 10% more likely to be tested for and 20% more likely to be diagnosed with ischemic heart disease (IHD) than patients arriving just before this date, despite the fact that the incidence of heart disease increases smoothly with age. Moreover, I show that this shock to diagnostic intensity has meaningful implications for patient health, as it reduces the number of missed IHD diagnoses among patients arriving in the emergency department just after their 40th birthday, thereby preventing future heart attacks. I then develop a model that ties this behavior to an existing literature on representativeness heuristics, and discuss the implications of this class of heuristics for diagnostic decision-making. The second chapter examines the admitting decisions of ED physicians. Roughly half of all hospital admissions in the US flow through EDs, making emergency
Edinburgh Research Explorer [Review of] Concepts and categories: Foundations for sociological and cultural analysis, by

The newly authored Concept and Categories by Hannan and colleagues offers an engaging, thorough and accessible discussion of concepts and categories, and link these to key sociological concerns and approaches. The authors provoke new insights into foundational sociological research, and offer new paths forward for research. There are five key benefits to the sociological reader: (1) the focus on concepts and categories and explore these through semantic space; (2) the integration of psychology and sociological research as the foundation for cognition and culture; (3) useful examples throughout to illustrate key arguments; the formalization of arguments with mathematical equations that build as the arguments evolve throughout the book; and (5) useful appendices for mathematical symbols, sources and deeper explanation
The Best Way Out is Always Through: Addressing the Problem of Untested Sexual Assault Kits (SAKs) through Multidisciplinary Collaboration

ABSTRACT In jurisdictions throughout the United States, law enforcement personnel have not been routinely submitting sexual assault kits (SAKs) for forensic DNA testing. The biological evidence in these kits may still be viable and actionable for police and prosecutors, so multiple federal programs have been created to promote rape kit testing, investigation, prosecution, and victim advocacy. In this longitudinal qualitative study, we followed one large urban community through a multi-year process of reviewing thousands of untested rape kits to identify empirically-supported lessons learned for successful multidisciplinary collaboration in “cold case” sexual assaults. Results indicated the importance of developing community champions and community quarterbacks to engage and sustain collaborative partners. The multidisciplinary action research team developed strategies for negotiating with both front line staff and executives, advocating for sustainable staffing plans, changing policy and practice across all partner organizations, and codifying these changes in the face of constant upheaval. Implications for empirically-supported training and technical assistance programs are discussed.
The Relationship among L2 Motivational Self-system, Reading Comprehension Ability, and Gender :A Study of EFL Learners in Iran

The current study was an attempt to investigate the relationship among L2 Motivational Self-System, Reading Comprehension Ability, and Gender of Iranian EFL Learners. 70 participants of both male and female at intermediate level at Shokooh Institute in Kashmar-Iran were randomly selected. The instruments of the study were a L2 motivational self-system questionnaire by Yan(2011), and a reading comprehension test. The questionnaire consists of 61 questions, based on six-point scale from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree". The reading comprehension test was extracted from the texts in VOA special English website. The obtained data were analyzed through descriptive analysis and Pearson Correlation coefficient. The data were fed into SPSS 22, followed by employing T-test, Shapiro-Wilk and Levene's test. The findings revealed a positive relationship between L2 motivational self-system and reading comprehension ability and also a negative relationship between L2 Motivational self-system and the gender of EFL learners. The findings have some useful pedagogical implications for language teachers and syllabus designers that can be taken into account in teacher-training programs.
Analysing the Engagement and Attitude of Elderly Towards Digital Platforms in India

In present-day technology is governing the way we live and lead our life. It primarily governs our day-to-day work, quality of life, health, environment and surroundings. The use of technology has made our lives easier as almost everything around us is accessible with the use of some innovative technologies. But at the same point in time, it has made the experience little complex for the older people living in our society. As per the Ministry of Statistics, Government of India 2017, the numbers of Indians over the age of 60 years constitute almost 36 per cent of the country’s population. Considering this fact, it is imperative to be acquainted with the full picture of digital involvement of older people in the country. The research is focussed primarily on the people aged between 58 and 70 years residing in the urban locality of India. The study will use a mixed-method framework to conclude its findings. Data are collected first through a survey of 388 respondents and then interviewing some of the participants (20 participants who were also part of the survey) from different states of India. Sequential explanatory research design is used to conduct the study. Phase one is a quantitative analysis where statistical tools like Cronbach’s alpha, factor analysis and regression is used to validate the proposed model. In phase two, the validated constructs of the proposed model are used to frame the discussion guide and in-depth interviews were conducted. The depth interviews further clarified and explained in more details the results derived from the quantitative study in the first stage. The purpose of this research is to identify the level of digital exclusion and also to ascertain the reasons behind the marginalization. Further, the research is also focussing on understanding the noteworthy perceptions that will be effective in creating and implementing strategies for digital inclusion and engagement of the elderly in India. The results (both quantitative and qualitative study) established the influence of perceived usefulness, ease of use, risk and anxiety on the engagement and hence generating an attitude towards adoption.
Using Student-Created Content Videos in Flipped Learning to Enhance Student Higher-Order Thinking Skills, Engagement, and Satisfaction

Student-created content videos in flipped learning environment provides a new methodology for teaching and learning. This study examined effect of student-created content videos in statistics flipped classroom on students’ higher-order thinking skills, engagement, and satisfaction. Explorative qualitative study was conducted using data from students’ surveys and tests from integrated and non-integrated student-created video flipped classrooms to measure students’ higher-order thinking skills, student engagement and satisfaction. Interviews and notes were conducted to support the data. A randomized controlled trial was implemented to examine the impact of student-created content videos on students’ higher-order thinking skills, engagement and satisfaction. The findings revealed that flipped learning with student-created content videos is effective in increasing students’ higher-order thinking skills, engagement, and satisfaction. The study posited that students who created their own content videos had more autonomous learning that satisfied their needs, freedom, and satisfaction. Also, those students were more engaged in their learning process and therefore became good and successful learners, consequently achieved high grades.
Understanding teachers’ motivation for and commitment to teaching: profiles of Chinese early career, early childhood teachers

ABSTRACT To better understand the reasons underlying attrition and the teacher shortage, and to develop ways to attract and retain high-quality teachers in early childhood education, it is necessary to explore teacher motivation and commitment to teaching. Although previous research has investigated various aspects of teacher motivation and commitment to teaching, little attention has been paid to this in the context of early childhood teachers, especially early career teachers. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with 12 early career, early childhood teachers in mainland China, this study aims to examine early career early childhood teachers’ motivation to teach and commitment to teaching in the Chinese context. Four distinct types of early career, early childhood educators were identified: committed passionate, committed compromiser, undecided, and uncommitted. Each of these had unique motives for teaching and different levels of commitment to kindergarten teaching in mainland China. The four types of early career early childhood teachers identified in this study demonstrate the diversity and complexity of teaching motivation and commitment to teaching in the field of early childhood education. The findings from this study can provide implications for policy-makers and teacher educators to enhance novice teachers’ motivation and commitment to teaching in the early childhood context.
Individual and dyadic continuous risk-based decision making: Changes and differences

We used the Balloon Analogue Risk Task to study the changes and differences in risk preference between individuals and dyads in successive loss and gain contexts. Regardless of who was making the decision, the degree of risk taking after the first gain was significantly higher than that after the first loss, whereas the degree of risk taking after successive gains was significantly lower than that after successive losses. Further, risk preference increased after successive losses, and the increase was smaller for a dyad than for an individual, meaning the dyad’s decision making was more rational. Participants’ risk preference decreased after successive gains, and the extent of the decrease was larger for a dyad than that for an individual, meaning that individuals’ decision making was more rational. These findings indicate that the rational performance of both individuals and dyads in continuous risk decision making varies according to their gains or losses.
STAINING MICROHYBRID COMPOSITE RESINS WITH TEA AND COFFEE

Background: Color change is one major drawback of tooth-colored resin-based restorations. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the color stability of three commonly used resin-based restorative materials upon exposure to tea and coffee. Materials and Methods: Discs were fabricated from Spectrum TPH (Dentsply/Caulk), Denfil (Vericom), and Filtek Z250 (3 M) microhybrid composites and immersed in coffee and tea solutions for two hours on the first day and the whole of the second, third, and fourth days. The color was assessed visually and recorded using the Lobene Stain Index after each period of immersion. The color change of the three composite resins was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedman test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The Cohen’s Kappa was also calculated to assess inter-rater agreement. Results: The three composite resins showed statistically significant color changes after four days of immersion in a coffee solution (P = 0.014), but their color change in the tea solution was not significant (P > 0.05). A comparison of color changes in the composites after one (two hours) and four days of immersion in tea and coffee solutions revealed a significant difference in color changes between Spectrum TPH and the other two composites (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The three microhybrid composites used in this study showed variable color stability upon exposure to a coffee solution. The color stability of Spectrum TPH was inferior to that of Denfil and Filtek Z250.
Leading the change to establish a whole-school nurturing culture

ABSTRACT This paper presents findings from a year-long qualitative study of three primary schools in South-East England, focussing on the importance of leadership in changing the culture of a school. In each school, the aim was to embed nurturing principles across the whole school, not just run a nurture group as a specialist intervention. The underlying research question is: how did the head teacher and the Senior Leadership Team (SLT) embed the decision to apply a nurturing culture to the whole school? Findings relate to the style of leadership and particularly the process by which the leaders set about introducing and embedding the change in culture. The impact on the schools was positive, with clear examples of the change in culture. However, the vital role played by the head and the SLT in bringing about a change in culture raises the question of whether such a change could survive the departure from the school of senior leaders who are personally committed to nurture.
Successes and Limitations of Inquiry-Based Laboratories on Affective Learning Outcomes for Deaf, Hard-of-Hearing, and Hearing Signing Students

Active learning pedagogies such as inquiry-based learning have the potential not only to improve students’ science literacy but also promote affective learning and interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers. Moreover, a focus on affective learning may be key to improve recruitment in STEM. Yet, we know little about how participation in inquiry-based courses can impact college students’ affective learning. Here, we present results from a comparative analysis of two affective learning outcomes, attitudes toward science and science identity, after participation in inquiry-based laboratory courses. Then, we synthesize what we have learned about successes and limitations to promoting growth in positive attitudes toward science and science identity after participation in these courses. Our work focuses on non-science majors who are deaf, hard-of-hearing and hearing signers in bilingual (American Sign Language and written English) inquiry-based biology laboratory courses. We concentrate on the Deaf Community because deaf individuals often face challenges regarding access in STEM education. Our results indicate that participation in inquiry-based laboratory courses has the potential to positively influence students’ attitudes toward science via repeated engagement with hands-on, student-driven experimentation, peer collaboration, and a welcoming classroom environment. However, participation in these classes had a limited impact on students’ science identities. Some students saw themselves as scientists during laboratory classes, however, their science identities beyond the classroom remained unchanged. While inquiry-based laboratories successfully promote one aspect of affective learning, work is needed to improve students’ science identities and increase interest in STEM careers to more effectively recruit students in these courses.
Longitudinal Effects of Social Norms, Social Support for Physical Activity, Neighborhood Satisfaction, and Self-Efficacy on Light and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in African American Adults

iii List of Tables . vii List of Figures . viii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1: Theoretical Foundations of the Relationship between Neighborhood Social Environment and PA Outcomes . 5 1.2: Previous Literature on Social Environment and PA . 9 1.3: Theoretical Foundations of Self-Efficacy as a Mediator . 18 1.4: Previous Literature on Self-Efficacy as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Social Environment and PA . 21 1.5: Study Purpose and Hypotheses . 25 Chapter 2: Methods . 28 2.1: Participants.28 2.2: Study Design . 29 2.3: Procedures . 31 2.4: Measures . 32 2.5: Data Analytic Plan . 41 Chapter 3: Results . 58 3.1: Correlation Analyses.58 3.2: Aim 1 . 59