Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK ( ANN ) BACKPROPAGATION TO PREDICT THE BANKRUPTCY OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA

As a business entity, the Islamic banks also cannot free from financial distress and the bankruptcy. The economy conditions cannot be known certainty and the presence of open competition both in national and international become a major concern of issues of Islamic banking in Indonesia. The research objectives are to define the prediction of bankruptcy in Islamic Banking to the banking industry in Indonesia by utilizing ANN and check the consistency, mention the failed banks and success banks by the prediction results, and explain the factors must be improved to avoid the failure. The data used in this research are published by the Islamic banks and the conventional banks in Indonesia. Since there are not failure Islamic banks in Indonesia nowadays, so this research use the data of conventional banks. Quarterly calculations of the financial ratios will be processed in the MATLAB R2014a version with neural network backpropagation approach. From the results, can be known that the average of accuracy of the networks in predicting the failed bank group is 98.5% and 100% for the success bank group in the training process. From 12 banks, the network trained indicates one bank as the failed bank. There are three banks which must pay attention to their two financial ratios. Then, there are three banks which each of them must improve one ratio. Lastly, five banks predicted success in all ratios. The result of robustness test is the networks could predict the success bank group with perfectly corrects prediction.
Trapping Efficiency, Demography, and Density of an Introduced Population of Northern Watersnakes, Nerodia sipedon, in California

Abstract Northern Watersnakes, Nerodia sipedon, have been introduced into California's Central Valley and pose an important new challenge for the management of biodiversity in the state's already greatly distressed freshwater ecosystems. Nonnative watersnakes will likely compete with federally threatened Giant Gartersnakes, Thamnophis gigas, and prey on native amphibians and fish, including young salmonids, many of which are imperiled. We used three types of aquatic funnel traps and three different methods to estimate the abundance and density of N. sipedon in a small wetland in Roseville, California. Capture rates did not differ significantly among the three trap types but snakes captured in large box funnel traps were nearly 300 mm longer on average than those captured in minnow traps. Our estimates of the abundance of N. sipedon in our 2-ha trapping area were similar for the mark–recapture model, Leslie depletion curve, and the actual number of snakes removed over 57 days (112.4–119 individuals; approximately 56.2 snakes/ha). Extrapolating to the entire 6.2-ha aquatic area, the population likely numbered approximately 348 individuals. Several females were gravid, demonstrating successful reproduction by this species outside its native range. We caught more small N. sipedon compared with studies in its native range. This may be due to a sampling bias in our trapping methods but more likely reflects a population growing rapidly from a few initial founders with relatively fewer large adults. We recommend immediate action to prevent the spread and broader establishment of N. sipedon across the Central Valley of California.
Survival of Rio Grande Wild Turkeys on the Edwards Plateau of Texas

Abstract The southeastern portion of the Edwards Plateau of Texas, historically a stronghold of Rio Grande wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia), has seen a decline in turkey numbers since the 1970s. Because adult and juvenile survival are key parameters affecting turkey population dynamics, we used radiotagged individuals to compare Rio Grande wild turkey survival in areas of suspected decline versus stable portions of the Edwards Plateau during 2001–2003. Reproductive period (breeding or nonbreeding) had an impact on survival, but differences in age, sex, or region did not influence survival. Model averaged estimates of monthly survival were 0.97 (SE = 0.005) for nonbreeding periods and 0.96 (SE = 0.007) for breeding periods. Our results indicate juvenile and adult survival in the declining areas was similar to survival in the stable areas of the Edwards Plateau. This suggests causes of the decline might be associated with differences during other life-history stages, such as nest success or poult survival, although we cannot rule out the possibility juvenile or adult survival contributed to the decline in the past. This situation demonstrates why wildlife managers should be cognizant of the implications of initiating long-term monitoring programs after changes in population status occur, rather than initiating them in expectation of such changes.
Effects of Excess PbO and Zr/Ti Ratio on Microstructure and Electrical Properties of PZT Films

Lead zirconate titanate films with different Zr/Ti ratios were fabricated on a platinized silicon substrate using radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Crack-free films with a rhombohedral, morphotropic phase boundary and tetragonal compositions were deposited using single oxide targets containing various amounts of excess PbO. When the films showed a (111) preferred orientation, there were no cracks, regardless of the phase, and their microstructures were similar to one another. As the Zr/Ti ratio was changed, the amount of excess PbO necessary for the stoichiometry of the films also changed. When they had a stoichiometric composition, the films had a small grain size and similar microstructures. Moreover, their structural stability increased when the grains had an equiaxed morphology. The ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the films were characterized and correlated with their phase and microstructure.
Privacy challenges in Enterprise 2.0

This study explores privacy challenges in Enterprise 2.0 (E2.0) in a large-scale multinational knowledge-intensive company. The study focuses on the dilemma of sociability vs. privacy likely to arise under E2.0 models, applying both social capital and privacy regulation theory. A qualitative approach has been selected to gain deeper insights into the interplay of E2.0 mechanisms, surveillance and privacy. This was done by using a comprehensive qualitative case study of 27 in-depth interviews and participatory observations of professional knowledge-workers using E2.0 at work in Norway, Denmark, UK and Morocco. Ethnographic field studies were conducted in Norway and Morocco in 2010 and 2011, with follow up studies in 2012. The results show that introducing E2.0 into the workplace is not without privacy risks. Many of the employees in this study report an experience of being monitored when using E2.0 and a fear of leaving digital footprints that the company can misuse. These results pinpoint the importance of balancing sociability, knowledge sharing and privacy in E2.0 solutions, as well as a firm understanding of different user needs in regards to privacy and trust. Different practices of using E2.0 often lead to both larger and visible gaps between employees (i.e., those who contribute and those who don't), as well as different privacy concerns or dilemmas. As a privacy strategy, employees report to collaborate and interacts offline with co-workers. Finally, our study places the E2.0 dilemma on the agenda, and is one important contribution to the fairly unexplored field of social media migrating into global and electronically monitored workplaces, where spaces for privacy become increasingly blurred.
Identification of Relevant Genes with a Multi-Agent System using Gene Expression Data

In recent years, technology for information extraction from gene activity in cells, has made an important breakthrough with the DNA microarrays. With this technology it is possible for researchers to know which genes are active in a particular cell in particular situation. The comparison of gene expression patterns (which genes are active) of two cells of the same type, one normal and the other belonging to a tumor, can be of great help in understanding what are the genes that might be involved in the tumor formation. Microarray technology is a high throughput information extraction technology; with a single microarray it is possible to extract, at once, information about the expression of thousand of genes. A typical experiment might involve the study of several microarrays and the comparison of the information extracted from them with standardized microarray gene expression databases. From a computing point of view, microarray technology, opens interesting research issues at different levels, like data analysis and statistical information processing, information standardization, and automation of the whole information processes involved in each experiment. This chapter addresses this latter issue. We present a multi-agent platform automating information processing of experimental microarray samples and its comparison with publicly accessible microarray databases. A complete system for gene expression analysis can be based on different agents to solve parts of the problem, and due the diversity of paths that knowledge discovery could find, a system based on coordinated multiple agents can improve performance. Here we describe a multi-agent system that was used for gene expression analysis in samples of cervical cancer for obtaining specific knowledge about the genetic basis of the cancer. Cervical cancer is one of the most common in Females. Its incidence in Mexico (50 per 100,000 inhabitants per year) is among the highest in the world (Lazcano-Ponce, 2009). Section 2 presents an introduction to microarray for gene expression analysis; in section 3 there is information about multi-agent system technology related with gene expression
Analysis of Silver and Gold Nanowires to Determine the Effect of Diameter Change on Cross-Sections and Local Electric Field Intensity

Vol. 3, No. 1 Abstract Finite Difference Time Domain analysis of metallic nanowires has been performed to determine the effect of diameter change on absorption and scattering cross-sections and on local electric field intensity. Silver and Gold nanowires have been selected for the analysis. It has been found that, for Silver nanowire of radius 35 nm, the absorption cross-section shows a peak value of about 138 nm at around 342 nm wavelength and scattering cross-section shows a peak of about 173 nm at 352 nm wavelength whereas for Gold nanowire there exists no sharp peak in any cross-section. Similar analysis has been performed for radii of 28 nm, 27 nm, 26 nm, 25 nm, 24 nm, 20 nm and 15 nm, and it has been realized that the reduction in the radius of Silver nanowire causes negligible shift in wavelength at which the absorption cross-section peak occurs while the peak for scattering cross-section shifts to lower wavelength and also reduces the scattering cross-section to values lower than the absorption cross-section. It has also been found from the local electric field intensity distribution for different radii that Gold nanowires exhibit better resonance at lower dimension than Silver nanowires.
Substrate characteristic analysis for anaerobic digestion: A study on rice and triticale straw

Different substrate characteristic analyses have been studied on rice and triticale straw pretreated with NMMO (N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide) prior to biogas production. Simons’ stain, water retention value (WRV), and enzymatic adsorption were used to measure the change in the accessible surface area of the lignocellulosic substrates. FTIR was used to measure the change in cellulosic crystallinity and Time-of-Flight-Secondary-Ion-Spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS) to measure the ratio of cellulose to lignin on the sample surface. All methods showed increased accessible surface area and a decrease in crystallinity after the pretreatments. These qualities were linked to improved biogas production. In the future, the tested methods could replace the time-consuming methane potential analysis to predict the methane production of lignocellulosic materials. Simons’ stain, enzymatic adsorption, and crystallinity measurement by FTIR can be regarded as the recommended methods for the prediction of the improved biogas production as a result of the pretreatment.
A First-Person Mentee Second-Person Mentor AR Interface for Surgical Telementoring

This application paper presents the work of a multidisciplinary group of designing, implementing, and testing an Augmented Reality (AR) surgical telementoring system. The system acquires the surgical field with an overhead camera, the video feed is transmitted to the remote mentor, where it is displayed on a touch-based interaction table, the mentor annotates the video feed, the annotations are sent back to the mentee, where they are displayed into the mentee's field of view using an optical see-through AR head-mounted display (HMD). The annotations are reprojected from the mentor's second-person view of the surgical field to the mentee's first-person view. The mentee sees the annotations with depth perception, and the annotations remain anchored to the surgical field as the mentee moves their head. Average annotation display accuracy is 1.22cm. The system was tested in the context of a user study where surgery residents ($n = 20$) were asked to perform a lower-leg fasciotomy on cadaver models. Participants who benefited from telementoring using our system received a higher Individual Performance Score, and they reported higher usability and self confidence levels.
Effect of Co and Fe on the inverse magnetocaloric properties of Ni-Mn-Sn

At certain compositions Ni-Mn-X Heusler alloys (X: group IIIA–VA elements) undergo martensitic transformations, and many of them exhibit inverse magnetocaloric effects. In alloys where X is Sn, the isothermal entropy change is largest among the Heusler alloys, particularly in Ni50Mn37Sn13, where it reaches a value of 20 J kg−1 K−1 for a field of 5 T. We substitute Ni with Fe and Co in this alloy, each in amounts of 1 and 3 at % to perturb the electronic concentration and examine the resulting changes in the magnetocaloric properties. Increasing both Fe and Co concentrations causes the martensitic transition temperature to decrease, whereby the substitution by Co at both compositions or substituting 1 at % Fe leads to a decrease in the magnetocaloric effect. On the other hand, the magnetocaloric effect in the alloy with 3 at % Fe leads to an increase in the value of the entropy change to about 30 J kg−1 K−1 at 5 T.
Prediction of changes in the stock market using twitter and sentiment analysis

Twitter is an online social networking and microblogging service with over 200m monthly active users. Given this massive user base researchers have tried to mine the derived vast source of data for different purposes. In this work, we investigate the relationship between the market indicators for three companies (IBM, Intel and General Electric) and the volume of tweets mentioning their names or stock symbols. We consider additionally other factors, such as the predicted sentiment of the tweets, the number of followers/friends of the users and the presence of links on the tweets. With all this information a predictor is trained for each company to estimate the changes in the stock market price. An exhaustive feature selection procedure was performed, showing that the most correlated features with the stock market indicators were the number of tweets weighted by the number of friends. After selecting the four most correlated Twitter related features, and together with the stock market indicators at previous timesteps, six different approaches were studied as predictive models, namely, linear regression considering only the tweet counts, linear regression including sentiment features, nonlinear regression considering higher-order interactions between the sentiment-based features and the stock market indicators, and the LASSO regularized versions of the three models. All models performed consistently better than two benchmark models (constant and random prediction) for the three stocks, according to the mean absolute error and mean squared error metrics. This confirms the existance of predictive power in the Twitter features. However, no significative difference was observed between the models using sentiment features and those considering only the tweet counts.
NCAR global General Circulation Model of the atmosphere

This paper describes a model of the general circulation of the earth’s atmosphere which has been developed and experimented with, since 1964, at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colo. A distinguishing feature of the NCAR model is that the vertical coordinate is height rather than pressure, though hydrostatic equilibrium is maintained in the system. In fact, the dynamical framework of the model is very similar to the one proposed by L. F. Richardson in 1922. Various physical processes in the atmosphere, such as energy transfer due to solar and terrestrial radiation, small-scale turbulence and convection, etc., are incorporated in the model. An explicit prediction of the moisture field is avoided. Instead, it is assumed that the atmosphere is completely saturated by water vapor. Thus, the release of latent heat of condensation can be computed. In addition to a description of the model, the equations for the zonal mean and eddy energy are presented. Finally, a baroclinic stability analysis of the model is made in order to gain an insight into the finite-difference formulation of the present model. Long term (over 100 days) numerical integrations are being performed successfully with a two-layer version of the present model. Details of finite-difference schemes and the results of numerical calculations will be described in a separate article. “Perhaps some day in the dim future it will be possible to advance the computations faster than the weather advances and at a cost less than the saving to mankind due to the information gained. But that is a dream. ” [From Weather Prediction by Numerical Process by L. F. Richardson, 1922.1
An intercomparison of lidar‐derived aerosol optical properties with airborne measurements near Tokyo during ACE‐Asia

[1] During the ACE-Asia intensive observation period (IOP), an intercomparison experiment with ground-based lidars and aircraft observations was conducted near Tokyo. On 23 April 2001, four Mie backscatter lidars were simultaneously operated in the Tokyo region, while the National Center for Atmospheric Research C-130 aircraft flew a steppedascent profile between the surface and 6 km over Sagami Bay southwest of Tokyo. The C-130 observation package included a tracking Sun photometer and in situ packages measuring aerosol optical properties, aerosol size distribution, aerosol ionic composition, and SO2 concentration. The three polarization lidars suggested that the observed modest concentrations of Asian dust in the free troposphere extended up to an altitude of 8 km. We found a good agreement in the backscattering coefficient at 532 nm among lidars and in situ 180� backscatter nephelometer observations. The intercomparison indicated that the aerosol layer between 1.6 and 3.5 km was a remarkably stable and homogenous in mesoscale. We also found reasonable agreement between the aerosol extinction coefficients (sa � 0.03 km � 1 ) derived from the airborne tracking Sun photometer, in situ optical instruments, and those estimated from the lidars above the planetary boundary layer (PBL). We also found considerable vertical variation of the aerosol depolarization ratio (da) and a negative correlation between da and the backscattering coefficient (da) below 3.5 km. Airborne measurements of size-dependent optical parameters (e.g., the fine mode fraction of scattering) and of aerosol ionic compositions suggests that the mixing ratio of the accumulation-mode and coarse-mode (dust) aerosols was primarily responsible for the observed variation of da. Aerosol observations during the intercomparison period captured the following three types of layers in the atmosphere: a PBL (surface to 1.2–1.5 km) where fine (mainly sulfate) particles with a low da (<10%) dominated; an intermediate layer (between the top of the PBL and 3.5 km) where fine particles and dust particles were moderately externally mixed, giving moderate da; and an upper layer (above � 3.5 km) where dust dominated, giving a high da (30%). A substantial dust layer between 4.5 and 6.5 km was observed just west of Japan by the airborne instruments and found to have a lidar ratio of 50.4 ± 9.4 sr. This agrees well with nighttime Raman lidar measurements made later on this same dust layer as it passed over Tokyo, which found a lidar ratio of 46.5 ± 10.5 sr. INDEX TERMS: 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles
A Smooth Toolpath Generation Method for Laser Metal Deposition

Laser metal deposition (LMD), also known as direct metal deposition (DMD) or laser engineered net shaping (LENS), which uses a laser beam to form a melt pool on a metallic substrate, into which powder or wire is fed. The conventional contour and zigzag toolpath pattern for LMD are discontinuous at turn points or corner points. The discontinuous toolpath causes uneven deposition, which brings height variation and porosity problems. This paper aims to develop a smooth toolpath generation method for LMD to improve the deposition quality. A parametric curve equation based on trigonometric functions is derived and built. It can be used for arbitrary smooth connections or transitions in toolpath planning and provide constant feedrate for deposition. The proposed method was applied to a patch deposition experiment and a component repair experiment with Ti-6Al-4V powder. The experimental results show that the smooth toolpath can noticeably improve the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness and reduce porosity.
Is More News Good News? Media Coverage of CEOs, Firm Value, and Rent Extraction

This paper provides empirical evidence that media coverage of CEOs, a channel of investor recognition, significantly increases firm value, measured by Tobin’s q. The result is robust to alternative econometric methods and checks of causality. Firms with the highest level of CEO media coverage and positive coverage outperform those with the lowest levels by 8% and 7% per year, respectively, in abnormal stock returns. Media coverage also impacts CEO rent extraction through compensation. Subsequent total pay rise is 4.1% above and beyond what CEOs obtain from the increase in firm value that arises due to media coverage.
Dealing with bad guys: actor- and process-level determinants of the “devil shift” in policy making

Policy actors tend to misinterpret and distrust opponents in policy processes. This phenomenon, known as the “devil shift”, consists of the following two dimensions: actors perceive opponents as more powerful and as more evil than they really are. Analysing nine policy processes in Switzerland, this article highlights the drivers of the devil shift at two levels. On the actor level, interest groups, political parties and powerful actors suffer more from the devil shift than state actors and powerless actors. On the process level, the devil shift is stronger in policy processes dealing with socio-economic issues as compared with other issues. Finally, and in line with previous studies, there is less empirical evidence of the power dimension of the devil shift phenomenon than of its evilness dimension.