Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increased Trust in the Finnish UBI Experiment – Is the Secret Universalism or Less Bureaucracy?

Abstract Bureaucratic selectivity mechanisms are the true colours of welfare states, stigmatising benefit recipients while hampering their trust in institutions and society at large. Universal policies such as the Universal Basic Income (UBI) could protect recipients’ trust by circumventing selectivity paraphernalia. By analysing regressions on the Finnish UBI experiment’s survey data, we assess the links from policy selectivity to trust in the benefit-providing institution and generalised trust through the pathway of reduced bureaucratic experience. More specifically, we analyse whether receipt of UBI leads to greater trust directly or while accompanied by an actual or perceived reduction in bureaucracy. According to our results, UBI is accompanied by greater trust, while selectivity does not necessarily lead to less trust or perception of less bureaucracy. However, in our analysis, policy selectivity did not directly correlate to recipients’ reported bureaucratic experiences, and their relationship with trust proved tricky: selectivity did not risk recipients’ trust in the policy-implementing institution, but generalised trust in other people was lowered. Thus, selective benefit recipients might be prone to self-inflicted stigma, hampering their trust in other people, regardless of actual bureaucratic experiences or trust in the welfare system.
Two-Stage Minimax Regret-Based Self-Scheduling Strategy for Virtual Power Plants

The market and renewable generation uncertainties cast great challenges to the profit-oriented self-scheduling of commercial virtual power plants (VPP). To address the uncertainty issues, this paper proposes a two-stage minimax regret (MMR)-based optimization model to reach optimal VPP self-scheduling solutions, in which the underneath problem is intrinsically NP-hard. To obtain an exact solution of the formulated problem, we firstly reformulate it into a two-stage robust optimization (TSRO) problem with fixed recourse, then re-solve it by adopting the column-and-constraint generation algorithm. In the numerical experiments, we evaluate the performance of the proposed MMR approach by comparing it with the maximin profit approach and the perfect information approach under different occasions. The results suggest that the two-stage MMR approach can achieve a near-optimal solution. Also, it is demonstrated that the performance of the MMR approach is robust in highly volatile environments and significantly penalizing balancing markets.
Design of Wireless Sensor Nodes in Intelligent Management System for Scenic Spot

For meeting the needs of environmental monitoring for scenic spot in Hainan international tourism construction, the wireless sensor node was designed based on Zigbee. Intelligent management system for scenic spot is a part of tourism information,WSN nodes, as the basic unit of the intelligent management system. The paper briefly presents the architecture of the nodes, include four main modules: the processing module, Zigbee radio communications module, sensing module, power management module. Then each part was described in detail. The nodes can obtain the environmental information in real time, and then transferred to the remote monitoring center. The actual test result demonstrates that the nodes works stead. The nodes performance of lower power consumption is prominent, and it has easy to use and other advantages.
General Methodology Combining Engineering Optimization of Primary HVAC&R Plants with Decision Analysis Methods—Part I: Deterministic Analysis

This paper is the first of a two-part sequence that proposes a general methodology for dynamic scheduling and optimal control of complex primary HVAC&R plants, which combines engineering analyses within a practical decision analysis framework by modeling risk attitudes of the operator. The methodology involves a computationally efficient, deterministic engineering optimization phase for scheduling and controlling primary systems over the planning horizon, followed by a systematic and comprehensive stochastic sensitivity and decision analysis phase, where various sources of uncertainties are evaluated along with alternative non-optimal but risk-averse operating strategies. This paper describes the deterministic component of the analysis methodology, which essentially involves the development of response surface models for different combinations of system configurations to be used for static optimization and then using them in conjunction with the modified Dijkstra's algorithm for dynamic scheduling and optimal control under different operating conditions and pricing signals. The proposed methodology is illustrated for a semi-real hybrid cooling plant operated under two different pricing schemes: real-time pricing and time-of-use with electricity demand. We feel that the general methodology framework proposed sacrifices very little in accuracy while being much more efficient computationally than the more complicated optimization methods proposed in thegeneral literature. Moreover, this approach is suitable for online implementation, and it is also general enough to be relevant to other energy systems.
Economic valuation in LCA-potential in supporting decision making

The benefit of integrating life cycle assessment (LCA) and the monetary valuation technique has been proposed by reviewing standardization work in ISO and existing impact assessment methodologies as well as discussing its potential use in the decision-making process in industry. In order to obtain necessary data in applying the approach to Japanese society, a contingent valuation method (CVM) survey to estimate benefits of small reductions of mortality risk associated with ambient air pollution exposures has been conducted in the Tokyo area.
Bagged Tree And ResNet Based Joint End-to-End Fast CTU Partition Decision Algorithm For Video Intra Coding

In the development of video coding standards, advanced ones have greatly improved the bit rate compared with those of previous generation, but also brought a huge increase in coding complexity. Coding standards, such as high efficiency video coding (HEVC), versatile video coding (VVC) and AOMedia video 2 (AV2), get the optimal encoding performance by traversing all possible combinations of coding unit (CU) partition and selecting the combination with minimum coding cost. This process of searching for the best makes up a large part of encoding complexity. To reduce the complexity of coding block partition for many video coding standards, this paper proposes an end-to-end fast algorithm for partition structure decision of coding tree unit (CTU) in intra coding. It can be extended to various coding standards with fine tuning, and is applied to the intra coding of HEVC reference software HM16.7 as an example. In the proposed method, the splitting decision of a CTU is made by a well designed bagged tree model firstly. Then, the partition problem of a 32×32 sized CU is modeled as a 17-output classification task and solved by a well trained residual network (ResNet). Jointly using bagged tree and ResNet, the proposed fast CTU partition algorithm is able to generate the partition quad-tree structure of a CTU through an end-to-end prediction process, instead of multiple decision making procedures at depth level. Besides, several effective and representative datasets are also conducted in this paper to lay the foundation of high prediction accuracy. Compared with the original HM16.7 encoder, experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the encoding time by 59.79% on average, while the BD-rate loss is as less as 2.02%, which outperforms the results of most of state-of-the-art approaches in the fast intra CU partition area.
Six-DOF CFD Simulations of Underwater Vehicle Operating Underwater Turning Maneuvers

Maneuverability, which is closely related to operational performance and safety, is one of the important hydrodynamic properties of an underwater vehicle (UV), and its accurate prediction is essential for preliminary design. The purpose of this study is to analyze the turning ability of a UV while rising or submerging; the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to numerically predict the six-DOF self-propelled maneuvers of submarine model BB2, including steady turning maneuvers and space spiral maneuvers. In this study, the overset mesh method was used to deal with multi-body motion, the body force method was used to describe the thrust distribution of the propeller at the model scale, and the numerical prediction also included the dynamic deflection of the control planes, where the command was issued by the autopilot. Then, this study used the published model test results of the tank to verify the effectiveness of the CFD prediction of steady turning maneuvers, and the prediction of space spiral maneuvers was carried out on this basis. The numerical results show that the turning motion has a great influence on the depth and pitch attitude of the submarine, and a “stern heavier” phenomenon occurs to a submarine after steering. The underwater turning of a submarine can not only reduce the speed to brake but also limit the dangerous depth. The conclusion is of certain reference significance for submarine emergency maneuvers.
Coordinated Control Strategy and Optimization of Composite Energy Storage System Considering Technical and Economic Characteristics

Control strategy and corresponding parameters have significant impacts on the overall technical and economic characteristics of composite energy storage systems (CESS). A better control strategy and optimized control parameters can be used to improve the economic and technical characteristics of CESS, and determine the maximum power and stored energy capacity of CESS. A novel coordinated control strategy is proposed considering the coordination of various energy storage systems in CESS. To describe the degree of coordination, a new index, i.e. state of charge coordinated response margin of supercapacitor energy storage system, is presented. Based on the proposed control strategy and index, an optimization model was formulated to minimize the total equivalent cost in a given period for two purposes. The one is to obtain optimal control parameters of an existing CESS, and the other is to obtain the integrated optimal results of control parameters, maximum power and stored energy capacity for CESS in a given period. Case studies indicate that the developed index, control strategy and optimization model can be extensively applied to optimize the economic and technical characteristics of CESS. In addition, impacts of control parameters are discussed in detail.
Coda - The past and future of analytical sociology

Twenty-five years now have passed since the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences conference took place in Stockholm, leading to Social Mechanisms: An Analytical Approach to Social Theory (Hedström and Swedberg 1998), the book that, according to many, marked the beginning of analytical sociology as we perceive it today. This calls for some reflections on how the field has developed. Since the field has grown considerably during these years, my reflections will only cover a small subset of the issues that analytical sociologists are concerned with, and my set of priorities for the future may not necessarily be shared by everyone. The chapter is organized as follows: First, I briefly discuss the birth of analytical sociology, what motivated its emergence, and what its most essential characteristics are. Second, and in more detail, I consider a set of topics that I believe to be of crucial importance for the future of analytical sociology. I pay particular attention to the role of action-based explanations of macro-level change. While the link between micro behaviors and macro dynamics is at the very core of analytical sociology, the importance many analytical sociologists attach to intentional explanations of behavior, combined with the lack of information on the individuals’ intentions, has led to a proliferation of just-so stories. This sort of storytelling, based on the analyst’s own preferred action theory, contradicts one of the main tenets of analytical sociology—that explanations should refer to the causal processes known to be responsible for the outcomes to be explained—and I suggest that we should avoid intentional explanations in all but the rare cases where we have access to reliable information on the mental states of the acting individuals. Instead we should concentrate our explanatory efforts on interaction structures and the macro patterns they give rise to.
Digital Information Systems and Global Flagship Networks: How Mobile is Knowledge in the Global Network Economy?

Two defining elements of the “global network economy” are the evolution of global flagship networks (GFNs) and the increasing use of digital information systems (DIS) to manage these networks. Both transformations may gradually reduce constraints to cross-border knowledge diffusion, and hence enhance the mobility of knowledge. We thus need to reconsider and amend the proposition, formalized by agglomeration and innovation economists and network sociologists, that knowledge is less mobile than markets, finance or production facilities. As a first step towards an appreciative theory, the paper explores how distinctive features of GFNs (concentrated dispersion and hierarchical integration) that are enhanced by DIS, shape international knowledge diffusion. We highlight opportunities, pressures and incentives that may result from network participation, and explore how they affect the absorptive capacity of local network suppliers.
PAPER Special Section on Measurement Technologies for Microwave Materials, Devices and Circuits Cut-Off Circular Waveguide Method for Dielectric Substrate Measurements in Millimeter Wave Range

SUMMARY A novel resonator structure for the cut-off circular waveguide method is proposed to suppress the unwanted TE modes in the axial direction and TM modes in the radial direction. In this method, a dielectric plate sample is placed between two copper circular cylinders and clamped by two clips. The cylinder regions constitute the TE0m mode cut-off waveguides. The measurement principle is based on a rigorous analysis by the Ritz-Galerkin method. Many resonance modes observed in the measurement can be identified effectively by mode charts. In order to verify the validity of the novel structure for this method, the temperature dependences for three low-loss organic material plates were measured in the frequency range 40 to 50 GHz. It is found that modified polyolefin plates have comparable electric characteristics and low price, compared with PTFE plates. Moreover, it is verified that the novel resonator structure is effective in improvement of accuracy and stability in measurement. The measurement precisions are estimated within 1 percent for er and within 15 percent for tan δ.
A Survey: IRIS Recognition With Different Techniques

Biometric recognition refers to an automatic recognition of individuals based on a feature vector derived from their physiological and/or behavioral characteristic. Iris recognition, a relatively new biometric technology Iris recognition is proving to be one of the most reliable biometric traits for personal identification. In fact, iris patterns have stable, invariant and distinctive features for personal identification. Application of such system includes computer system security, secure electronic banking, mobile phones and credit cards. In this paper, we give a brief overview of different Techniques for iris recognition system.
Catalytic and Sulfur-Tolerant Performance of Bimetallic Ni–Ru Catalysts on HI Decomposition in the Sulfur-Iodine Cycle for Hydrogen Production

The sulfur-iodine (SI) cycle holds great promise as an alternative large-scale process for converting water into hydrogen without CO2 emissions. A major issue regarding the long-term stability and activity of the catalysts is their poor sulfur deactivation resistance in the HI feeding process. In this work, the effect of Ru addition for enhancing the activity and sulfur resistance of SiO2-supported Ni catalysts in the HI decomposition reaction has been investigated. The presence of H2SO4 molecules in the HI results in severe sulfur deactivation of the Ru-free Ni/SiO2 catalysts by blocking the active sites. However, Ni–Ru/SiO2 catalysts show higher catalytic activity without sulfur-poisoning by 25% and exhibit more superior catalytic performance than the Ru-free catalyst. The addition of Ru to the Ni/SiO2 catalyst promotes the stability and activity of the catalysts. The experimental trends in activity and sulfur tolerance are consistent with the theoretical modeling, with the catalytic activities existing in the order Ni/SiO2 < Ni–Ru/SiO2. The effect of Ru on the improvement in sulfur resistance over Ni-based catalysts is attributed to electronic factors, as evidenced by theory modeling analysis and detailed characterizations.
Polydimethylsiloxane mechanical properties: A systematic review

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been a promising material for microfluidic, particularly in lab-on-chip. Due to the panoply of good physical, mechanical and chemical properties, namely, viscosity, modulus of elasticity, colour, thermal conductivity, thermal coefficient of expansion, its application has been increasingly requested in quite different areas. Despite such characteristics, there are also some drawbacks associated, and to overcome them, several strategies have been developed to modify PDMS. Given the great variety of relevant conducted research in this field, the present work aims to gather the most relevant information, the advantages and disadvantages of some of the techniques used, and also identify potential gaps and challenges in it. To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted by collecting data from four different databases, Science Direct, American Chemical Society, Scopus, and Springer. Two authors independently screened the references, extracted the key information, and assessed the quality of the included studies. After the analysis of the collected data, 25 studies were selected that addressed the various mechanical properties of PDMS and how to modify them in order to suit a particular application.
Advanced photonic integration and the revolution in optical networks

Advanced Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) have changed the way capacity is added to optical networks. This paper outlines the operational challenges of scaling WDM optical networks to support Internet growth rates using traditional approaches. It describes the advantages PIC-based solutions offer in terms of size, simplicity, power consumption, and reliability. Future directions enabled by advanced photonic integration are considered.
Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms for the Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a deadly form of cancer and early screening is important for preventing it. In many countries there are limited facilities for the screening of cervical cancer. The paper is centered on the application of machine learning algorithms for the diagnosis of cervical cancer. For this, a dataset is accumulated from the repository of University of California Irvine (UCI). The UCI dataset has 36 attributes or features of 858 samples. The dataset has imbalance in the number of patients and normal samples and hence Borderline Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (Borderline-SMOTE) is used. A single target variable representing whether the individual has cancer or not is formed by using the logical OR operation among the four target attributes namely Hinselmann, Schiller, Cytology, and Biopsy. Next, extra tree classifier method is applied to the dataset to find the most important attributing to cervical cancer. Using the feature importance values, the 10 most important features are determined for classification. A number of base classifiers and several ensemble methods including bagging, boosting and stacking are applied. Results show that stacking with a mixture of random forest, support vector machine, ExtraTreeClassifier, XGBoost, and Bagging has the highest classification accuracy of 94.4%.
Model of an inductive sensor of cardiac activity attached to patient

An electric circuit model describing an inductive sensor of cardiac mechanical activity in its working condition has been developed. The sensor comprises a single-turn coil which is fed by 7.7 MHz constant current and induces probing eddy currents in the body. The inductor is considered to be attached to the thoracic surface of a normal human male, in front of the heart. A simple axial-symmetric model of the thorax, formed of tightly packed circular current tubes, has been used to calculate the resistances, self-inductances and mutual inductances within the human body. Then the inductor and the eddy currents in the body were reduced to a system of two inductively coupled coils; estimates of the parameters and frequency response of the system have been found; the active and reactive contributions of the human body to the resulting impedance of the inductor were calculated.
Partial Shading in Building Integrated PV System: Causes, Effects and Mitigating Techniques

This paper is aimed to provide a holistic understanding on the issues related to partial shading: its causes, the theoretical and physical reasons behind it, its implications on the BIPV system. Furthermore the possible mitigation techniques using the software (MPPT) and hardware solutions are discussed. Finally an example is given to illustrate the impact of partial shading and the economic benefits of employing various partial shading mitigation techniques into the BIPV system To aid the unfamiliar readers in this subject, a brief but comprehensive overview of important PV concepts are also given.
Preliminary Studies Of Planar Capacitance Tomography

Almost all previously reported applications of Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) have concentrated on relatively large-scale geometries to give image resolution of the order of centimetres. There are a number of applications, for instance particle sizing, which may benefit from significantly higher spatial resolution. The present work aims, ultimately, to develop ECT for use with electrodes as small as 10 μm wide using custom silicon technology and therefore it is natural to consider planar arrays of electrodes. This paper describes finite element simulations and measurements on laboratory scale planar arrays with the aim of identifying appropriate geometries to migrate to small scale. Preliminary results suggest that it is possible to identify bulk changes in particle size, of the order of the electrode dimensions. In addition, linear back projection has been used to produce reconstructed images of 'holes' directly above the electrodes.