Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and Control of Robots with Parallel Kinematical Structures

A new approach for the identification of friction and rigid-body dynamics of complex parallel kinematical structures is presented in this paper. The approach is based on optimal excitation trajectories with the linear estimation theory as the mathematical background. The trajectories are bounded in such a way that they are easy to be fit into the small and hard constrained workspace of PKM.
Electron scattering by a cut-off atomic potential: Application to electron properties in atomic liquids.

The problem of the phase shifts of the cut-off polarization potential is solved exactly by the variable-phase method. The {ital s} and {ital p} waves are calculated by the method for the Wigner-Seitz cell, which is a unit scatterer of excess electrons in the cellular model of liquids. The phase shifts for the isolated atom are used as input parameters. The accurate form of the short-range part of the electron-atom potential is not required. The general features of the behavior of excess electrons in a dense medium are described by the model. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }
The design and FEA of brushless doubly-fed machine with hybrid rotor

In order to improve the weaker coupling capability between the two sets of stator windings of brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) and the lower power density, the hybrid rotor is put forward based on common salient pole reluctance rotor. The best project can be obtained through the determination of pole-arc factor, the width and length of slot, the connecting ways of conductors and so on. Furthermore, the method of FEA is adopted to analyze the magnetic field of hybrid rotor BDFM. The result shows that hybrid rotor can improve the coupling capability and power density and performance effectively.
Serum soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 levels in patients with restless legs syndrome.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the predisposition for atherosclerosis in patients with RLS through serum sLOX-1 (serum Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1) measurements. BACKGROUND Recent epidemiological studies have suggested an association of RLS with certain chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, hypertension (HT), and hyperlipidemia. LOX-1 is expressed in endothelial cells, macrophages, and in smooth muscle cells under the effect of proatherogenic conditions. METHODS This study was a prospective, cross-sectional, case-controlled. We measured the serum sLOX-1 levels in 37 restless legs syndrome patients and 38 controls. RESULTS Serum sLOX-1 level was significantly lower in the patient group. The two groups were similar in glucose, HbA1c, creatinine, LDL cholesterol, TG, HDL, total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, HGB, HCT, MCV, transferrin saturation rate (TSR), ferritin, CRP, TSH, FT4, FT3, B12, and folic acid levels. Also the two groups were similar with respect to age at menarche, number of previous births, number of abortions and/or curettage, total duration of breastfeeding, percentage of patients in menopause, and age at menopause. CONCLUSION Our results may suggest a lower atherosclerotic risk among RLS patients as compared to the general population (Tab. 3, Ref. 33).
3D-printed bioanalytical devices

While 3D printing technologies first appeared in the 1980s, prohibitive costs, limited materials, and the relatively small number of commercially available printers confined applications mainly to prototyping for manufacturing purposes. As technologies, printer cost, materials, and accessibility continue to improve, 3D printing has found widespread implementation in research and development in many disciplines due to ease-of-use and relatively fast design-to-object workflow. Several 3D printing techniques have been used to prepare devices such as milli- and microfluidic flow cells for analyses of cells and biomolecules as well as interfaces that enable bioanalytical measurements using cellphones. This review focuses on preparation and applications of 3D-printed bioanalytical devices.
Coherency and Model Reduction: A State Space Point of View

Relationship Between Coherency, Controllability and Observability In state space analysis, controllability is a notion that measures the effect of an input to a particular state, while observability measures the effect of a state to the norm of the system's output vector. Uncontrollability and unobservability represent redundancy in the linear state space model. This paper presents the analytical connections between coherency of generators and redundant states in the linear state model. As discussed in Section 2, every pair of perfectly coherent generators results in uncontrollable states in the linear model. These states are exhibited in the form of zero singular values in the model's controllability gramian (W2¿). If a reduced order model is formed by aggregating the coherent generators, then the zero singular values are removed from the controllability gramian of the reduced order model. Parallel results are then presented for the observability gramian (W2¿). The combined results on the connection between coherency and the two gramians provide the stimulus to investigate several topics relative to the coherent behavior of generators.
The endocrine cells of the pig gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas.

The endocrine cells of the pig gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas have been studied with electron microscopy and a variety of granule-staining methods. In the gut eight cell types have been identified: the enterochromaffin (EC) cell storing 5HT as well as non-5HT components, the pyloric gastrin (G) cell, the argyrophil fundic ECL cell, the gastroduodeno-jejunal D cell, the pyloric D1 cell, the enteroglucagon-producing L cell of the small and large intestine, the secretin-producing S cell and the I cell (cholecystokinin? ) of the upper small intestine. In the pancreas four types of endocrine cells have been observed: the glucagon-producing A cell, the insulin-produsing B cell, the D cell, closely resembling D cells of the gastric fundic mucosa, and the EC cell, exactly reproducing staining and structural features of gut EC cells. Parallel studies of endocrine cells in the gut and pancreas are recommended.
Analyzing Impact Rules of Different Change Types to Support Change Impact Analysis

Software change impact analysis (CIA) is a key technique for identifying unpredicted and potential effects caused by changes made to software. Different changes have different ripple effects to other parts in the program, even some changes do not affect other entities in spite of some dependencies existing between these entities and the modified one. This induces imprecision if such a factor is neglected. This article proposes a static CIA technique which considers the impact rules of different change types to predict the change effects. Input of our CIA includes changed classes, class methods and class fields, and the output is composed of potentially affected classes, class methods, and class fields. Precision improvement of the CIA technique relies on three aspects: change types of a modified entity, dependencies between the modified entity and other entities, and a precise initial impact set (IIS), on which the final impact set (FIS) is computed. Experimental case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique, and present its potential applications in software maintenance.
Functional Analysis of the Human Complement Receptor 2 (CR2/CD21) Promoter: Characterization of Basal Transcriptional Mechanisms1

Human complement receptor (CR) type 2 (CR2/CD21) is a 145-kDa membrane protein encoded within the regulators of complement activation gene cluster localized on human chromosome 1q32. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate CR2 expression is important because CR2 is expressed during specific stages of B cell development, and several lines of evidence suggest a role for altered CR2 function or expression in a number of autoimmune diseases. Additionally, even modest changes in CR2 expression are likely to affect relative B cell responses. In this study we have delineated the transcriptional requirements of the human CR2 gene. We have studied the human CR2 proximal promoter and identified sites important for controlling the level of transcription in CR2-expressing cells. We have determined that four functionally relevant sites lie within very close proximity to the transcriptional initiation site. These sites bind the transcription factors USF1, an AP-2-like transcription factor, and Sp1.
Campylobacter-triggered reactive arthritis: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE To study the incidence and clinical picture of Campylobacter-associated reactive arthritis (ReA) and other reactive musculoskeletal symptoms in the population. METHODS A questionnaire on enteric and extraintestinal, including specifically musculoskeletal, symptoms was sent to 870 consecutive patients with Campylobacter-positive stool culture and 1440 matched controls. Analysis of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms with clinical examination was performed. RESULTS Forty-five of the patients (7%) had ReA and eight (1%) had reactive tendinitis, enthesopathy or bursitis. No child had ReA. The arthritis was oligo- or polyarticular, and, in most cases, mild. HLA-B27 was positive in 14% of ReA patients. Of the 45 ReA patients, 37 had C. jejuni and 8 had C. coli infection. No controls had ReA. CONCLUSION ReA is common following Campylobacter infection, with an annual incidence of 4.3 per 100000. At the population level, acute ReA is mild, more frequent in adults, and not associated with HLA-B27. Besides C. jejuni, C. coli can trigger ReA.
STATIC AND GROWTH ALLOMETRY OF MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS IN RANDOMBRED HOUSE MICE

It is a common observation that individuals within a given species tend to develop differences in form or shape during ontogeny, these resulting chiefly from varied rates of growth in a host of morphometric characters (Katz, 1980). Documentation of these differences is important for some aspects of animal and plant breeding as well as for our understanding of evolutionary processes such as selection and adaptation. Quantification of relative growth generally has been accomplished through the use of the simple allometric equation, Y = aXk, or more commonly, its logarithmic equivalent: log Y = k log X + log a. Here Y is the value for a character, X is the value for another character, log a is the Y-intercept, and k is the allometric coefficient. K is known as a static allometric coefficient when it is estimated from the variation in size and shape among individuals all of the same age, as distinguished from a growth k estimated from variation among separate age groups. Whether applied to static or to growth data, the two parameters of the allometric equation have proven to be quite effective empirical descriptors of the variation in growth and form in a wide variety of organisms (Cock, 1966; Gould, 1966; 1971). The very volume of the allometric literature itself, however, has resulted in some confusion both among the rather numerous methods of estimating allometric coefficients, as well as the various kinds or levels of allometry which can be assessed. Although various studies have tended to show that no single allometric estimator is generally the best (Kidwell and Chase, 1967), certain estimators may be preferable in specific applications (Manaster and Manaster, 1975; Smith, 1980). General congruence is probably to be expected among allometric coefficients calculated by various methods if all are derived from the same suite of characters in the same population, but with such an approach, differences might be apparent as well. Studies comparing the congruence of different types of allometry, especially static versus growth, perhaps are even more critical, for our knowledge of the relationship among such types is still rather superficial. Static and growth allometry, for example, have long been assumed to yield parallel results (Simpson et al., 1960), but in spite of the general positive association often found between these two types of allometry (Cochard, 1981; Cheverud, 1982), there seems no reason to expect them to be perfectly associated (Cock, 1966). The principal purpose of this paper is to present and compare various estimates of both static and growth allometric coefficients for a battery of morphometric characters in house mice of three separate ages. Comparisons are made among the different allometric estimators, as well as between the actual patterns of static and growth allometry for these characters. Statistically significant congruence is found for both sets of comparisons, but the extent and reasons for the differences are particularly stressed.
Change‐point Detection in Phase I for Profiles with Binary Data and Random Predictors

In some applications, the quality of a process must be characterized by a profile, which describes the relationship between the response variable and explanatory variables. Moreover, for some processes, especially service processes, categorical response variables are common, making statistical process control techniques for profiles with categorical response data a must. We study Phase I analysis of profiles with binary data and random explanatory variables to identify the presence of change‐points in the reference profile dataset. The change‐point detection method based on logistic regression models is proposed. The method exploits directional shift information and integrates change‐point algorithm with the generalized likelihood ratio. A diagnostic scheme for identifying the change‐point location and the shift direction is also suggested. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the detection effectiveness and the diagnostic accuracy. A real example is used to illustrate the implementation of the proposed method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel control scheme for bi-directional Buck Boost converter

In this paper, the DC bus voltage fluctuation suppression in the motor drive system with bi-directional Buck / Boost converter is studied. The disadvantage that power feed-forward control scheme cannot effectively suppress bus voltage fluctuations is analyzed. A novel direct power control scheme with bus capacitor energy outer control loop and output power inner control loop for the bi-directional Buck/Boost converter is presented. Moreover, in order to improve the dynamic response of converter,a feed-forward term which reflects the changing trends of output power is added on its duty cycle calculation node. The essential difference between the above two control schemes is compared. Small-signal model analysis results and simulation and experimental results show the direct power control scheme has better performance in voltage fluctuation suppression.
Effect of endogenous opioid blockade on the amplitude and frequency of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in normal men.

The role of endogenous opiates in the neuroendocrine regulation of episodic LH secretion in normal men was examined in seven adult males before and after the administration of a potent and specific opiate receptor antagonist, naltrexone. The quantitative pattern of pulsatile LH secretion was analyzed in serum derived by continuous exfusion of blood in 20-min samples over 8-h period. The administration of naltrexone markedly increased the following: 1) total area under the continuous LH secretion curve [22,725 +/- 2,026 (control) vs. 33,442 +/- 2,226 ng/ml . min (after naltrexone); P less than 0.0006]; 2) mean serum concentration of LH, which increased from 47.3 +/- 4.2 to 69.7 +/- 5.0 ng/ml; 3) the absolute amplitude of Lh peaks, which rose from 62.7 +/- 6.2 tp 85.2 +/- 5.8 ng/ml; and 4) the number of LH secretory peaks observed over the 8-h interval (4.3 +/- 0.4 basally and 5.4 +/- 0.6 after the drug; P less than 0.0003). Naltrexone administration did not significantly alter the most rapid component of LH elimination calculated after each pulse or alter the fractional arise in LH above interpulse baseline. These data suggest that endogenous opioids tonically suppress frequency- and amplitude-dependent neuromodulation of LH production, probably through hypothalamic mechanisms that impinge upon gonadotropin-releasing hormone-secreting peptidergic neurons.
The Practitioner

the mentally handicapped child is to be retained in the community, it is essential matt ls family doctor should be aware of his problems which are by no means solely a ^oca' authority services", writes Dr. Brian H. Kirman in the April issue of ractitioner" devoted to "the handicapped child".
Absolute wavelength measurement and fine-structure determination in 7Li II.

The energy levels of two-electron atoms continue to provide rigorous tests of relativistic quantum theory, and of correlation effects within a multi-particle system. These interactions are determined perturbatively, with several approximations, and theoretical results often differ. It is critical to provide precise measurements of absolute wavelengths connecting these atomic energy levels to obtain a resolution of the precision of the different parts of such complex calculations.
Impact of renal impairment on eligibility for adjuvant cisplatin‐based chemotherapy in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

Perioperative cisplatin‐based chemotherapy has shown benefit in patients with high‐risk localized urothelial bladder cancer, but it is not widely used. Renal impairment may be a major factor limiting its use. The current study was designed to determine the proportion of patients ineligible to receive adjuvant cisplatin‐based chemotherapy based on inadequate renal function alone.
Digital watermarking algorithms robust against loss of synchronization

A digital watermark is a message robustly hidden within another digitized signal such as an image, a piece of music, a video, etc. . The principal applications of this technology are copyright protection and document fingerprinting. The robustness of watermarking algorithms against common geometrical deformations has drawn the attention of many researchers in the last ten years. Such distortions can result from usual processing of the media and/or malicious manipulations. As an example, a major concern for digital cinema industry is the illicit copy of movies with video cameras taking place in movie theaters. In this scenario, severe geometric distortions can jeopardize the retrieval of the watermark message from the illicit copies. The limitations and weaknesses of the previously proposed solutions to fight these distortions are presented. We developed a generalized construction method for periodic pseudo-random patterns. Based on these patterns, we designed a spread spectrum watermarking scheme with enhanced security properties. We investigated the detection probability and the interaction between exhaustive search and informed coding strategies. Finally, a scheme for the detection of a periodic structure and for the inversion of affine distortions was presented. We showed that the choice of the periodic repetition size involves a trade-off between robustness and secrecy. Thereafter, we studied the security flaw caused by the lack of secrecy in pilot-registration approaches. We proposed an innovative hiding scheme to remedy this issue. Our solution involves the extraction of robust local references from the content of the cover signal. Using this content normalized interpretation, we showed how one can design robust secret binary mask and modulate pilot signals in watermarking schemes. The efficiency of the approach is demonstrated on pilots derived from periodic structures. We also addressed the assessment of the degradation introduced by a geometrical distortion. We assume that a global rigid transform does not impair the perceptual value of an image and we propose a new criterion based on a local analysis of the geometrical deformations.
Fifteen years of change in the food environment in a rural Mexican community: the Maycoba project.

INTRODUCTION Indigenous populations worldwide who are shifting to a westernized lifestyle experience high rates of type 2 diabetes and obesity. These conditions are commonly the result of genetic predisposition and environmental factors that promote excess energy intake and decreased energy expenditure. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the food environment, specifically looking at retail and subsistence-food availability, and food-acquisition behaviors in the rural Mexican town of Maycoba and surrounding communities between 1995 and 2010. The population in this area includes indigenous Pima, genetically-related to the Pima Indians in Arizona who have the highest documented rates of diabetes, and non-Pima Mexican (ie non indigenous and other indigenous). An initial study in 1995 compared the prevalence of diabetes and obesity in the Maycoba population with that of Pima Indians of Arizona and found a dramatically lower type 2 diabetes prevalence in the Maycoba region due to the protective effect of a traditional lifestyle despite a genetic predisposition to diabetes. METHODS The 2010 follow-up study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes as well as to examine lifestyle changes over the 15 year time span, following changes to housing and the local environment. This study focused on the food environment, examining changes in food acquisition behaviors in the retail and subsistence aspects. The study included a household survey (n=71), two focus group discussions, and participant-observation. To determine changes in retail food availability, seven stores throughout the study region were audited. RESULTS The main findings were an increasing presence and use of retail stores for food: an expansion in the selection of processed foods, their prominent placement, and refrigeration allowing more perishable foods to be available to the local population. Subsistence activities remained significant, although some aspects of specific subsistence activities are in decline, such as the area allocated to home gardens and a reduction in the variety of crops cultivated in them. CONCLUSION Although there have been a number of changes in the food environment during the 15 year period, a traditional subsistence-based lifestyle prevails.
Selection of Sensors that Influence Trouble Condition Sign Discovery based on a One-class Support Kernel Machine for Hydroelectric Power Plants

Trouble conditions rarely occur in the equipment of hydroelectric power plants. Therefore, it is important to find indicator signs for trouble conditions. In a previous study, we proposed a trouble condition sign discovery method, which consists of two detection stages. In the first stage, we can discover trouble condition signs, which are different from the usual condition data. In the second stage, we can monitor aging degradation, with plant experts confirm these trouble condition signs in daily operations. Hence, there is a need to detect these trouble condition signs using a small number of sensors. In this paper, we propose a method for narrowing down the sensors used in trouble condition sign discovery. This paper shows the experimental results of trouble condition sign detection for bearing vibration based on the collected data from different sensors using our proposed method and our previously proposed method. The experimental results show that even if the number of sensors is reduced, our proposed method can find trouble condition signs, which are different from the usual condition data. Therefore, the proposed method may be useful for trouble condition sign discovery in hydroelectric power plants.