Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The kinetin riboside as in vitro stimulator of Glomus clarum spores germination.

Nowadays the in vitro mycorrhization of plants is a challenge in agricultural biotechnology and it depends of the germination potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) propagules, specially the spores, their colonization abilities and the media and systems of culture. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of two concentrations (0,05 mg L -1 y 0,07 mg L -1 ) of the auxin AIA and the cytochinin kinetin riboside on in vitro germination and germinative tube length of G. clarum spores in E medium (modified MS). E and MSR media were used as controls. All culture media had influence on both variables performance. The concentration of kinetin riboside of 0,07 mg L -1 had a positive effect on germination percentage, reaching values of 100 % in that medium after 10 days of incubation. Those values were statistically similar to those founded in MSR medium. However, the highest values of germinative tube length were obtained in MSR medium and they were 45 % higher to those measured in E medium combined with kinetin riboside (0,07 mg L -1 ). The AIA concentrations used had an inhibitory effect on spore germination and also on the germinative tubes growth.
Gender and Ethnic Differences in Young Adults Perception of Appropriateness of Some Domestic Activities in Nigeria

The process of acquisition of appropriate gender role is both developmental and cultural. The study examined perception of appropriate gender role in the family and the actual participation in family work. The participants were 372 freshmen of a Federal university and a State University within Lagos, Nigeria with age range between 15 years to 32 years and mean age of 19.8years. 221 of the participants are of Yoruba origin, while 151 are of Igbo origin. The home activity scale designed for the study was administered to assess their perception of appropriateness of 30 family works and the frequency of performing the tasks. The result shows that twelve of the family tasks are perceived as appropriate for women while only four are considered as male appropriate only. Thirteen tasks were perceived as appropriate for the two sexes. However, most of the tasks including those considered as appropriate for both sexes are performed frequently by women. The result shows that traditional gender role sill exists in the Nigerian society. It is important to note that most of the family chores are performed by the women. There were significant ethnic differences in the acquisition of appropriate gender role Nigeria. Specifically, more female Igbos cut grass around the house than their males, while both male and female Yoruba respondents cut the grass around the house. More male Yorubas fetch water than Igbo males, while both female Yoruba and Igbo fetch water. Moreover, more male Yorubas sweep and dust the house compared to Igbo males, while more female Igbos sweep and dust the house than Yoruba female.
P1. A method for monitoring drug exposure in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

The use of combinations of immunosuppressant drugs is considered the therapeutic gold standard for post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to prevent serious complications such as graft versus host disease and rejection. However, these drugs have a narrow therapeutic index and wide inter-individual pharmacokinetic fluctuations, result ing in unpredictable levels of drugs in the blood. Systemic concentrations of several immunosuppressive drugs have been correlated with their efficacy and potential life-threatening complications, thus supporting the need for a pharmacokinetic monitoring. Some chromatographic techniques have been proposed for the simultaneous monitoring of multiple immunosuppressive drugs, but none offers the possibility of measuring cyclosporine, tacrolimus, methotrexate, prednisone, prednisolone, and methylprednisone in addition to total and free mycophenolic acid (MPA) and its phenolic (MPAG) and acyl (AcMPAG) glucuronides. To address this critical deficiency, a liquid chromatography–coupled tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the quantification of circulating levels of these multiple immunosuppressant drugs. Linearity, precision and accuracy were validated within the typical therapeutic range of concentrations for each compound. The method could measure individual drugs with high sensitivity, accuracy (bias <14%), and reproducibility (CV <12.8%). Its clinical application was validated by measuring levels of these drugs in samples obtained from HSCT recipients treated with combined immunosuppressive drug therapy. Our results indicate that this approach is suitable for simultaneous determination of in vivo levels of immunosuppressive drugs commonly used in combined therapies. This method requires a small-volume peripheral blood sample, an attribute that may be beneficial to HSCT patients in the clinic. Indeed, owing to the frequent administration of myeloablative conditioning regimens in the pre-transplantation period, the recovery of hematologic function is slow and gradual after engraftment. It is therefore favorable to limit blood sample collection in the immediate post-transplantation period. This method may be convenient for large-scale clinical studies aimed at improving and optimizing patient outcomes. It could also be useful in therapeutic drug monitoring to promote the efficient use of immunosuppressive drugs and thus to limit life-threatening complications related to non-optimal exposure to immunosuppressive medications.
Developments in Health Care and Medical Textiles - A Mini Review-1

3 Abstract: This review intends to highlight the developments in medical and Health care textiles, current perspective and key challenges regarding the advancements of non-toxic and eco-friendly solutions for health care. This study provides an appraisal on the innovative, intelligent and smart textile products related to Health care and medical textiles. This review also intends to highlight the current state of the technologies as well as f uture advances and enhancements potential of new textile materials in antimicrobial, surgical sutures and wound dressings. A discussion on classificatio n of antimicrobial textiles, types of surgica l sutures and wounds management make this review interdisciplinary.
INTRODUCTION TO THE INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY AT THE FEDERAL OFFICE OF BRAZILIAN RESEARCH

The globalization process establishment has been a major impulse for profound transformations as to environmental issues in the social, political and economic scenario of both industrialized and developing countries. Within this scope, the concern with climate changes, global warming, biodiversity, population growth and public health have promoted the dissemination of environmental values and the induction to a community participative culture. Notwithstanding, a growing demand by the society related to the environment and social issues has been evidenced, converging the environmental theme to a holistic approach and, also, to the life quality concern. Therefore, private and public organizations have given more attention to issues involving their internal and external clients and/or users, in view of their products or services and social aspects, including those covering their workers and collaborators health and safety: with this overall purpose, an Integrated Management System (IMS) for Quality, Environment, Health and Safety was created. This management policy has been, commonly, employed in the private sector, even though a small, but yet expressive part of it refers to the public area. In face of this scenario, it may be foreseen that the motivations for adopting such management tool and the methods used for this goal may differ, according to the economic context. Under this point of view, this work had the target of analyzing, qualitatively, the process of setting the IMS in a federal. Eventually, a targeted result was to identify advantages and disadvantages for a public institution.
PBS-1086, a Rel Inhibitor of NF-κB, Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice

The family of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) transcription factors is intimately involved in the regulation of expression of numerous genes in the setting of the inflammatory response. Inflammation, cartilage degradation, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and pannus formation are hallmarks of the pathogenesis of both collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rodents and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in humans. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of PBS-1086, a ReI inhibitor of NF-κB, on the modulation of the inflammatory response in mice subjected to CIA in comparison to the effect of etanercept. CIA was induced in mice by an intradermal injection of bovine type II collagen (CII) emulsion and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) at the base of the tail. On day 21, a second injection of CII in CFA was administered. Mice developed erosive hind paw arthritis when immunised with CII in CFA. Macroscopic clinical evidence of CIA first appeared as peri-articular erythema and oedema in the hind paws. The incidence of CIA was 100% by day 28 in the CII challenged mice and the severity of CIA progressed over a 35-day period with a resorption of bone. The histopathology of CIA included erosion of the cartilage at the joint. Treatment with PBS-1086 starting at the onset of arthritis (day 21) ameliorated the clinical signs at days 21–35 and improved histological status in the joint and paw. In addition, it also reduced the neutrophil infiltration which is a key mediator of RA. In this study, we demonstrate that PBS-1086 exerts an anti-inflammatory effect during chronic inflammation and ameliorates the tissue damage associated with CIA. The anti-inflammatory activities of PBS-1086 are comparable to those of etanercept treatment.
Online Amnestic Dynamic Time Warping to Allow Real-Time Golden Batch Monitoring

In manufacturing, there is the Golden Batch concept. A golden batch is an idealized realization of the perfect process to produce the desired item, typically represented as a multidimensional time series of temperatures, pressures, flow-rates and so forth. The golden batch is sometimes produced from first-principle models, but it is typically created by recording a batch produced by the most experienced engineers on carefully cleaned and calibrated machines. In most cases, the golden batch is only used in postmortem analysis of an unexpectedly inferior quality product as plant managers attempt to understand where and when the last production attempt went wrong. In this work, we make two contributions to golden batch processing. We introduce an online algorithm that allows practitioners to understand if the process is currently deviating from the golden batch in real-time, allowing engineers to intervene and potentially save the batch. This may be done, for example, by cooling a boiler that is running unexpectedly hot. In addition, we show that our ideas can greatly expand the purview of golden batch monitoring beyond industrial manufacturing. In particular, we show that golden batch monitoring can be used for anomaly detection, attention focusing, and personalized training/skill assessment in a host of novel domains.
ACADEMIC MENTORING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A STRATEGY TO QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TEACHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

Mentoring is as old as human history. It has been acclaimed to be a strategy for equipping those involved with functional and sellable skills. This paper is therefore aimed at x-raying the various ways academic mentoring can be used to improve Higher Education for quality assurance in Teacher Education in Nigeria. One of such ways is establishing academic mentor management committee within the education system to promote academic mentoring through all relevant education channels. This will aid growth in the profession and equally increase quality assurance in education. The authors are very sure that, our educational system having reached this level, should embrace the gains that will surely accrue from this timeless strategy for equipping our teachers with functional and sellable skills.
Positive interactions support the formation of complex spatial networks

19 Ecosystems are structured by networks of interactions among species, but this hypoth20 esis has rarely been tested in plant communities. Indeed, the structure and functioning 21 of plant interaction networks have remained elusive so far and the mechanisms underly22 ing their origin and maintenance remain unknown. By developing a novel approach that 23 integrates the ecology of plant interactions with network theory and using spatial pattern 24 analysis, we show that plant communities are organised in spatially variable and complex 25 networks. Specifically, we found that positive plant interactions promote the formation 26 and the cohesiveness of large networks. At small spatial scale, where positive mutual 27 interactions prevailed, the network was characterised by a large connected component. 28 With increasing scale, when negative interactions took over, network structure became 29 more hierarchical with many detached components. These findings shade new light on 30 the complex networks of interactions occurring in plant communities. 31
Rainbow colour coding used in digital imaging technology poses a challenge for clinicians with colour vision defects

Background: Digital imaging instruments with multi-colour displays are used in the ophthalmic industry to assist clinical decisions. There is no pre-requisite for medical and optometry students to have normal colour vision. It is possible that ophthalmic practitioners with colour vision deficiencies (CVD) will have increased difficulty reading and interpreting coloured digital images. Aim: To evaluate the colour output of two items of ophthalmic equipment, determine if a person with a CVD is likely to be disadvantaged when using these instruments and if so, to discuss possible solutions to minimise error in a clinical setting. Method: Eight colour palettes (n=223 colours) from two corneal topographers were assessed on an LCD computer monitor. These palettes use rainbow colour coding. The u’-v’ chromaticity coordinates of the colours were measured with a colorimeter and graphically plotted to determine if any colour combinations lay on confusion lines for protan and deutan CVD. Results: All palettes displayed colour combinations which were collinear with the protan and deutan copunctal points. There were more potential colour confusions for protan observers, with one palette displaying 16 colours on one protan confusion line. Both topographers had one palette which promises minimal disadvantage for colour defective clinicians. Conclusions: Clinicians with CVD are potentially disadvantaged when viewing coloured digital displays using rainbow colour coding. Optometry and medical students should have their colour vision tested so that they are aware of any personal limitations when using digital displays. There is also a need for equipment manufacturers to provide alternative methods of coding information which will assist clinicians with CVD.
Bariatric surgery and bone metabolism: a systematic review Cirurgia bariátrica e metabolismo ósseo: uma revisão sistemática

1 SUMMARY Few studies have demonstrated the risk of metabolic bone disease and a reduction in bone mi- neral density (BMD) after bariatric surgery. A systematic review was conducted of case-control and cohort studies with the aim of evaluating the relationship between bariatric surgery and bone metabolism. The search was undertaken in MedLine, covering the period from January 1997 to August 2009, using the keywords: "bariatric surgery" AND "osteoporosis" , "fracture" , "bone diseases" , "metabolic" . Six studies were included, comprising four cohort and two case- control studies. Three studies evaluated bone metabolism and BMD, and the other evaluated bone metabolism only. Based on this review, bariatric surgery is associated with alterations in bone metabolism, loss of bone mass and an increased risk of fracture. However, the maximum evaluation period covered by these studies was two years after surgery, hence the need to un- dertake further studies of longer duration in order to achieve a more thorough understanding of this association. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):158-63
Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype Determines Chronic Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background and Purpose— Chronic cerebral arterial vasospasm is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Not all cases of SAH, however, develop chronic vasospasm. Inflammation, specifically leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions, appears to be critical in vasospasm development. Haptoglobin (Hp) is a serum protein that limits the extent of inflammation after a hemorrhagic event. An individual’s Hp genotype may predict the severity of the inflammatory response during a hemorrhagic event, and consequently modulate the risk for vasospasm. Methods— Sixty mice (Hp 1-1, n=30; Hp 2-2, n=30) underwent injection of either autologous blood or normal saline solution into the cisterna magna. An additional 30 mice (15 per genotype) served as controls. The extent and manifestations of vasospasm were assessed by measuring lumen patency, quantifying activity levels, and counting the number of vessel-infiltrated macrophages/neutrophils at 24 hours after injection, which corresponds to the time of peak vasospasm in mice. Results— Genetically modified Hp 2-2 mice with SAH had significantly lower basilar artery lumen patencies (mean±SEM; 52.9±1.9% vs 82.3±1.3%; P<0.01), reduced activity levels (0.8±0.3 vs 2.4±0.2; P<0.01), and increased macrophage/neutrophil counts in the subarachnoid space (31.2±6.3 vs 8.8±1.7, P<0.01) as compared with wild-type Hp 1-1 mice. Conclusions— These findings suggest that the Hp 2-2 genotype is critical for the development of severe vasospasm, which typically occurs 24 hours after SAH in mice.
Foxp3(+) follicular regulatory T cells control the germinal centre response

Follicular helper (T FH ) cells provide crucial signals to germinal center B cells undergoing somatic hypermutation and selection that results in affinity maturation. Tight control of T FH numbers maintains self tolerance. We describe a population of Foxp3 + Blimp-1 + CD4 + T cells constituting 10–25% of the CXCR5 high PD-1 high CD4 + T cells found in the germinal center after immunization with protein antigens. These follicular regulatory T (T FR ) cells share phenotypic characteristics with T FH and conventional Foxp3 + regulatory T (T reg ) cells yet are distinct from both. Similar to T FH cells, T FR cell development depends on Bcl-6, SLAM-associated protein (SAP), CD28 and B cells; however, T FR cells originate from thymic-derived Foxp3 + precursors, not naive or T FH cells. T FR cells are suppressive in vitro and limit T FH cell and germinal center B cell numbers in vivo . In the absence of T FR cells, an outgrowth of non–antigen-specific B cells in germinal centers leads to fewer antigen-specific cells. Thus, the T FH differentiation pathway is co-opted by T reg cells to control the germinal center response.
On the query complexity of estimating the distance to hereditary graph properties

Given a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$, we prove that the normalized edit distance of any given graph $\Gamma$ to being induced $\mathcal{F}$-free is estimable with a query complexity that depends only on the bounds of the Frieze--Kannan Regularity Lemma and on a Removal Lemma for $\mathcal{F}$.
Atom interferometry using temporal Talbot effect on a Bose-Einstein condensate.

Obtaining a large momentum difference between matter wave-packets traversing the two paths in an atom interferometer while preserving the phase coherence is a challenge. We experimentally investigate a pulse sequence in which this momentum difference is obtained by using the matter-wave Talbot effect as an alternative to the conventional light-pulse atom interferometers. An ensemble of coherent atoms (Bose-Einstein condensate) is exposed to a periodic sequence of $2N$ standing wave pulses of far-detuned light. The first set of $N$ pulses in the sequence produces multiple wavepackets with momentum difference up to 28 $\hbar k$ (at $N=5$), by virtue of Talbot resonance. The second set of $N$ pulses reverses the momentum transfer and allows the wavepackets to retrace the path and interfere to retrieve the initial wavepacket. We observe that the degree of reversal and thus the practical performance of the interferometer is sensitive to the initial momentum width of the atomic ensemble.
SafeLife 1.0: Exploring Side Effects in Complex Environments

We present SafeLife, a publicly available reinforcement learning environment that tests the safety of reinforcement learning agents. It contains complex, dynamic, tunable, procedurally generated levels with many opportunities for unsafe behavior. Agents are graded both on their ability to maximize their explicit reward and on their ability to operate safely without unnecessary side effects. We train agents to maximize rewards using proximal policy optimization and score them on a suite of benchmark levels. The resulting agents are performant but not safe---they tend to cause large side effects in their environments---but they form a baseline against which future safety research can be measured.
LEGaTO: Low-Energy, Secure, and Resilient Toolset for Heterogeneous Computing

The LEGaTO project leverages task-based programming models to provide a software ecosystem for Made in-Europe heterogeneous hardware composed of CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs and dataflow engines. The aim is to attain one order of magnitude energy savings from the edge to the converged cloud/HPC, balanced with the security and resilience challenges. LEGaTO is an ongoing three-year EU H2020 project started in December 2017.
On-policy Reinforcement Learning with Entropy Regularization

Entropy regularization is an imported idea in reinforcement learning, with great success in recent algorithms like Soft Actor Critic and Soft Q Network. In this work we extend this idea into the on-policy realm. With the soft gradient policy theorem, we construct the maximum entropy reinforcement learning framework for on-policy RL. For policy gradient based on-policy algorithms, policy network is often represented as Gaussian distribution with the action variance restricted to be global for all the states observed from the environment. We propose an idea called action variance scale for policy network and find it can work collaboratively with the idea of entropy regularization. In this paper, we choose the state-of-the-art on-policy algorithm, Proximal Policy Optimization, as our basal algorithm and present Soft Proximal Policy Optimization (SPPO). PPO is a popular on-policy RL algorithm with great stability and parallelism. But like many on-policy algorithm, PPO can also suffer from low sample efficiency and local optimum problem. In the entropy-regularized framework, SPPO can guide the agent to succeed at the task while maintaining exploration by acting as randomly as possible. Our method outperforms prior works on a range of continuous control benchmark tasks, Furthermore, our method can be easily extended to large scale experiment and achieve stable learning at high throughput.