Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficiency assessment of Iranian Handmade Carpet Company by network DEA

Different categories of Iranian handmade carpet are produced each year. Since of resource limitation, it is so important for managers to allocate more resources to the most efficient categories. So the main purpose of this illustration is to consider most efficient types of carpet in production and sales stages. To do so, different categories of Iranian handmade carpet are considered as DMUs. This study utilizes network DEA for constructing a model to analyze total and partial efficiency of Iranian Handmade Carpet Company (IHCC) simultaneously. IHCC consists of three main departments that are working jointly to maximize productivity of the firm; therefore, the case of IHCC is a multi-stage system with shared intermediate variables, extra inputs to the second stage and undesired outputs. The novelty of this paper is the methodology used for calculating the efficiency which is based on multi-objective programming. Results of experimental data of IHCC is summarized in order to prepare some brilliant management strategies based on partial and total efficiency scores of different carpet categories. Since the lack of familiar researches in the area of carpet industry efficiency measurement, this research will provide valuable information for decision makers.
Radiation-Induced Correlation between Molecules Nearby Metallic Antenna Array

We theoretically investigate optical absorption of molecules embedded nearby metallic antennas by using discrete dipole approximation method. It is found that the spectral peak of the absorption is shifted due to the radiation-induced correlation between the molecules. The most distinguishing feature of our work is to show that the shift is largely enhanced even when the individual molecules couple with localized surface plasmons near the different antennas. Specifically, we first consider the case that two sets of dimeric gold blocks with a spacing of a few nanometer are arranged, and reveal that the intensity and spectral peak of the optical absorption strongly depends on the position of the molecules. In addition, when the dimeric blocks and the molecules are periodically arranged, the peak shift is found to increase up to ~1.2 meV (300 GHz). Because the radiation-induced correlation is essential for collective photon emission, our result implies the possibility of plasmon-assisted superfluorescence in designed antenna-molecule complex systems.
Implicit Social Cognition and Law

Experimental psychology has provided substantial evidence that the human mind can operate in automatic, uncontrollable fashion as well as without conscious awareness of its workings and the sources of influence on it. With methods available to measure implicit or less conscious aspects of social cognition, especially group-specific attitudes and stereotypes, several aspects of the nature of implicit social cognition are now regarded as well established. Such results primarily include the pervasive and robust implicit favoritism for one's own groups and socially dominant groups, the dissociation between implicit and explicit social cognition, the ability of both to predict behavior, the greater impact of the former on certain discriminatory behaviors, and the sensitivity of seemingly implicit thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to change in response to situational features and experience. Legal scholarship and judicial opinions are beginning to consider how the law can and should adapt to such findings, in p.
ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL RUNGE-KUTTA MULTIRESOLUTION TIME-DOMAIN SCHEME

In this paper, the stability condition of the Runge- Kutta m-order multiresolution time-domain (RKm-MRTD) scheme has been studied. By analyzing the ampliflcation factors, we derive the numerical dispersion relation of the RK-MRTD scheme. The numerical dispersive and dissipative errors are investigated. Finally, the theoretical predictions of the numerical errors are calculated through the numerical simulations.
Role of the Jiaozhon Bay as a source/sink of CO2 over a seasonal cycle

The seasonal evolution of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and CO2 air-sea fluxes in the Jiaozhou Bay was investigated by means of a data set from four cruises covering a seasonal cycle during 2003 and 2004. The results revealed that DIC had no obvious seasonal variation, with an average concentration of 2035 mu mol kg(-1) C in surface water. However, the sea surface partial pressure of CO2 changed with the season. pCO(2) was 695 mu atm in July and 317 mu atm in February. Using the gas exchange coefficient calculated with Wanninkhof's model, it was concluded that the Jiaozhou Bay was a source of atmospheric CO, in spring, summer, and autumn, whereas it was a sink in winter. The Jiaozhou Bay released 2.60 x 10(11) mmol C to the atmosphere in spring, 6.18 x 10(11) mmol C in summer, and 3.01 x 10(11) mmol C in autumn, whereas it absorbed 5.32 x 10(10) mmol C from the atmosphere in winter. A total of 1.13 x 10(11) mmol C was released to the atmosphere over one year. The behaviour as a carbon source/sink obviously varied in the different regions of the Jiaozhou Bay. In February, the inner bay was a carbon sink, while the bay mouth and the Outer bay were carbon sources. In June and July, the inner and Outer bay were carbon sources, but the strength was different, increasing from the inner to the outer bay. In November, the inner bay was a carbon source, but the bay Mouth was a carbon sink. The outer bay was a weaker CO2 Source. These changes are controlled by many factors, the most important being temperature and phytoplankton. Water temperature in particular was the main factor controlling the carbon dioxide system and the behaviour of the Jiaozhou Bay as a carbon source/sink. The Jiaozhou Bay is a carbon dioxide source when the water temperature is higher than 6.6 degrees C. Otherwise, it is a carbon sink. Phytoplankton is another controlling factor that may play an important role in behaviour as a carbon source or sink in regions where the source or sink nature is weaker.
A ENHANCEMENT AND STITCHING SYSTEM FOR X-RAY IMAGES

Low quality and small size of X-ray images causes difficulties for doctors to diagnose comprehensively. This paper presents a panorama system for x-ray medical images with low quality and small size based on SURF. The main steps of this system are: first to enhance the low quality images by MSR; secondly, to match separated images by SURF; lastly to blend the images by multiband blending method. Experiments showed that the presented system can not only enhance the contrast and clearness of the medical image with low quality but also observe it synthetically.
Influence of Cyclic Loading on Inhomogeneous Deformation Behavior Arising in NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Plate

The aim of present paper is the investigation of relationship between inhomogeneous deformation behavior and macroscopic deformation behavior arising in SMA during cyclic loadings. Firstly, a test system was constructed on the basis of Digital Image Correlation in order to measure inhomogeneous deformation behavior. Secondary, measurements of the inhomogeneous deformation behavior (local strain distribution) arising in 50.5Ni49. 5Ti plate were tried during cyclic tensile loading–unloading in the region of pseudoelastic temperature. From some results, it is seen that the inhomogeneous deformation behavior sensitively changes according to the state of loadings (i.e., number of cycle, history of loading and so on). Also, the macroscopic deformation behavior for SMAs is strongly affected by the inhomogeneous deformation behavior. It is very important for application of SMA to investigate the relationship between macroscopic deformation behavior and inhomogeneous deformation behavior.
Runtime Restriction of the Operational Design Domain: A Safety Concept for Automated Vehicles

Automated vehicles need to operate safely in a wide range of environments and hazards. The complex systems that make up an automated vehicle must also ensure safety in the event of system failures. This thesis proposes an approach and architectural design for achieving maximum functionality in the case of system failures. The Operational Design Domain (ODD) defines the domain over which the automated vehicle can operate safely. We propose modifying a runtime representation of the ODD based on current system capabilities. This enables the system to react with context-appropriate responses depending on the remaining degraded functionality. In addition to proposing an architectural design, we have implemented the approach to prove its viability. An analysis of the approach also highlights the strengths and weaknesses of the approach and how best to apply it. The proof of concept has shown promising directions for future work and moved our automated vehicle research platform closer to achieving level 4 automation. A ROS-based architecture extraction tool is also presented. This tool helped guide the architectural development and integration of the automated vehicle research platform in use at the University of Waterloo, and improve the visibility of safety and testing procedures for the team.
Robustness in Weighted Networks with Cluster Structure

The vulnerability of complex systems induced by cascade failures revealed the comprehensive interaction of dynamics with network structure. The effect on cascade failures induced by cluster structure was investigated on three networks, small-world, scale-free, and module networks, of which the clustering coefficient is controllable by the random walk method. After analyzing the shifting process of load, we found that the betweenness centrality and the cluster structure play an important role in cascading model. Focusing on this point, properties of cascading failures were studied on model networks with adjustable clustering coefficient and fixed degree distribution. In the proposed weighting strategy, the path length of an edge is designed as the product of the clustering coefficient of its end nodes, and then the modified betweenness centrality of the edge is calculated and applied in cascade model as its weights. The optimal region of the weighting scheme and the size of the survival components were investigated by simulating the edge removing attack, under the rule of local redistribution based on edge weights. We found that the weighting scheme based on the modified betweenness centrality makes all three networks have better robustness against edge attack than the one based on the original betweenness centrality.
Testing the Permanent Income Hypothesis for Irish Households, 1994 to 2005

The Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) states that consumption should depend on long-term income expectations and not on temporary swings in income. This paper uses Irish household data from three Household Budget Surveys between 1994 and 2005 to test the PIH. Households that fail to consume their permanent income may do so because they have no access to credit or because they save, be it for a rainy day, a purchase, bequests, or simply because saving conditions are attractive. We find some evidence for credit constraints, for instance for mortgage households in arrears in the mid-1990s. Furthermore, mortgage households during the housing boom consistently consumed less than predicted by their permanent income, which may be related to planned house purchases or the Special Savings Incentive Account scheme.
Adaptive Agricultural Practices and Land Use Cycles on Pyritic Sediments in South Kalimantan

The reclamation of potential acid sulfate soils for agriculture involves the danger that pyritic minerals present in the soil will be oxidized and produce unfavorable conditions for plant growth. Pyritic minerals are oxidized when swamp is reclaimed by forest cutting, canal excavation, and destruction of the covering peat layer. In South Kalimantan, Banjarese people use an "adaptive" agricultural technique to cultivate rice and perennial crops on potential acid sulfate soils. Its characteristic features are as follows. (1) Drainage is kept to the minimum needed for the reclamation, so as to depress the oxidation of pyritic sediments. (2) The traditional method of swamp-land rice cultivation is employed. (3) The secondary Melaleuca forest is conserved by the shifting cultivation of rice cultivation with long-term planting and long-term fallowing periods. This paper presents details of the adaptive rice culture techniques and the cycle of land use in South Kalimantan. The chemical and geomorphic characters of the sediments will be presented in forth­ coming papers. I Introduction Indonesia has wide areas of coastal swamp that are flat and have good water supplies, and are therefore attractive for development as making paddy fields. Many of the sediments, however, were fonned in brackish water environments and contain high amounts of pyritic minerals, their maximum sulfur content reaching 4.7%. In the reduced state, they are not toxic for plants, but, when the stagnant water is drained from them by constructing canals for land reclamation, these pyritic sediments are oxidized and transfonned into acidic and toxic materials with high amounts of Al 3 +, Sol- and Fe 3 +, e.g., acid sulfate soils. Attempts have been made to improve acid sulfate soils by liming or by polder dyking to control water levels. But these are impractical because of the huge amounts of lime and costs are involved. The Banjarese people have developed an "adaptive" technique for rice cultivation as well as for upland crops on potential acid sulfate soils in the swampy areas of South Kalimantan. The characteristic features of the "adaptive" Banjarese agricultural technique are firstly, that drainage is kept to the minimum required for reclamation in order to maintain the plots in the reduced state for as long as possible. This is done by digging shallow drainage canals with simple water gates. Operation of the water gates enables ponding and draining of the rice fields. Secondly, since the
Virtual Experiment Research of Armature-Controlled DC Motor

In order to make students understand dc motor performances, we design a virtual experiment platform of the armature-controlled DC motor. The block diagram of an armature-controlled DC motor is established based on the research of control parameters. Through analyzing of the control characteristic of the armature-controlled dc motor, we set up block diagram of a speed-control and a position-control of armature-controlled DC motor. The influence factors of speed-control and position-control are analyzed respectively. Simulink model of open-loop speed, speed-control, and position-control is established with MATLAB and Simulink software. Finally we do the experiments using the designed Virtual experiment platform. It was a challenging task to develop platform that provides the students with practical appreciation and understanding of dc motors including modeling, system identification and controller design.
Human Face Recognition Using Discriminant Analysis

In the present research, a face recognition method is proposed based on the concept of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) method. The LDA requires input some of image models to analyze and discriminate them, the newly proposed idea is the use of a number of textural features instead of face image pixels to be input the LDA procedure. The employed textural features were ten, which are computed for each face image using the grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) method. The proposed face recognition method consists of two phases: enrollment and recognition. The enrollment phase is responsible for collecting the features of each face image to be a comparable models stored in the database, while the recognition phase is responsible on comparing the extracted features of input unknown face with that stored in the database. The comparison results a number of percentage values, each refers to the similarity between the input unknown face with the models in the database. The recognition decision is then issued according to the comparison results. The results showed that the system performed the recognition test with a recognition percent of about 94%, whereas the validation test showed that the system performance was about 92%. Frequent practices showed that the behavior of the recognition is acceptable and it is enjoying with the ability to be improved.
A Receiver/Transmitter Localization Algorithm on the Plane

We propose a receiver/transmitter localization algorithm, disassociating the problems of determining the optimal sensor topology and the optimal processing of the measurements. Accordingly, we test the algorithm under various planar topologies in order to determine the optimal one. We then compare its performance against some top performing previously published algorithms. Mathematics Subject Classification: 62P30, 97M50
Comparison of proposals for the future aeronautical communication system LDACS

Zusammenfassung: Um zukunftigen Kapazitatsbedarf in aeronautischer Navigation abzudecken, werden neue Bord und Boden Kommunikationsdienste gebraucht. Die europaische Organisation fur Sicherheit und Luftnavigation, Eurocontrol, unterstutzte die Entwicklung zweier Vorschlage fur ein solches System. Der erste Vorschlag, genannt LDACS1, ist ein digitales Breitband OFDM basiertes System, welches vom Institut fur Kommunikation und Navigation, DLR entwickelt wurde. Der zweite Vorschlag, LDACS2 wird von einem Projektteam bestehend aus EGIS ASVIA, Helios SWEDAVIA und anderen entwickelt. LDACS2 folgt einem single carrier Steuerung mit einer GMSK Modulation. Beide Systeme sind fur das Bedienen des aeronautischen Teils des L-Band (960-1164 MHz) gedacht. Diese Frequenz wird jedoch bereits von verschiedenen aeronautischen alte Systemen wie z.B. zivile Luftfahrtnavigation DME oder militarische Kommunikationssystemen (vereinigtes taktisches Informationsverteilungssystem JTIDS) eingesetzt. Daruber hinaus, LDACS ist offen fur in der Luft befindlich Empfangsstorungen. Ein entscheidender Punkt im Auswahlprozess fur eine der LDACS Systeme ist die Gewahrleistung fur das Nebeneinander von LDACS und des legacy Systems. Einerseits muss bewiesen werden, dass LDACS nur einen geringen Einfluss auf das legacy System hat. Andererseits muss eine verlassliche Funktion trotz Empfangsstorung (Beeintrachtigung) gewahrleistet werden. In dieser Masterarbeit ist die Leistung von LDACS2 analysiert. Die Aufgabe umfasst einige theoretische Uberlegungen fur Ermittlungen von Kapazitat, spektrale Leistungsfahigkeit, Skalierbarkeit und die mogliche Zahl gleichzeitiger Nutzer. Das Ergebnis zeigt die Beschrankung der angebotenen bit rates pro Nutzer gemas der limitierten Bandbreite. Jedoch fur gering bis mittelmasigen Inanspruchnahme von Anwendern, die angebotenen bit rates sind innerhalb einer akzeptablen Reichweite. Der Hauptteil dieser Arbeit befasst sich mit der Anwendung des LDACS2 Systems gemas der Simulations-Software. Das umfasst die gesamte physikalische Schichtung und die grundlegenden Teile der hoheren Schichtung. Besonderer Schwerpunkt ist auf die Anwendung und Beurteilung von wirksamen Kanal Entzerrung Algorithms, Analyse und Auswertung. Neben AWGN Kanalen wurden auch praxisbezogenen Luftfahrtfrequenzen angewandt. Es stellte sich heraus, dass das Kanalkodierung in dieser Ausfuhrung nicht genugend.
BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES AND ENERGY UTILISATION IN DEVELOPINCi STAGES OF THE ESTUARINE PRAWN, MACROBRACHIUM IDELLA (HILGENDROF)

Changes in the biochemical composition, caloric content and energy utilisation during the embryonic stages of Macrobrackium idella were studied. The results show that protein contributes to about 67.4% of the total energy available for development. The gross efficiency of the prawn works out to be 44.0%.
Ultra-Thin 3D Printed All-Dielectric Antenna

In this work we report an ultra-thin all-dielectric antenna that was designed, built, tested, and compared with simulated data. The objective of this research was to develop an antenna that is easily manufactured by common 3D printers available today. 3D printing is quickly revolutionizing manufacturing and the need to incorporate electrical elements like antennas is rising. Multi-material 3D printing that can build parts with conductors and dielectrics is the future, but at present it is very immature and largely inaccessible. The antenna presented here represents our first steps in developing all-dielectric antennas that can be manufactured today with commonly available 3D printers and materials. A monolithic antenna would have additional mechanical benefits when subjected to bending or thermal cycling. With this goal in mind, an ultra-thin all-dielectric antenna was developed. The antenna operates by taking advantage of total internal reflection and exciting a leaky whispering gallery mode. The antenna reported here operates at 2.4 GHz and was able to be as thin as 1.5 mm.
Popular justice on bullies: Attributions of responsibility, anger, and ineffective social control as fuel for non-normative collective action

School bullying has seldom been analyzed through the perspective of society in general. However, severe collective reactions often emerge towards bullies when they attract public attention. In this paper, we analyze the process underlying these non-normative forms of collective action triggered by bullying. A survey was presented to 350 Portuguese participants following the release of a viral video depicting a bullying situation. Results showed that assignment of responsibility to the aggressor predicted agreement with popular justice, which was mediated by anger and moderated by perceived ineffectiveness of social control. Specifically, greater responsibility attributed to aggressors yielded greater anger towards them, which, in turn, triggered more agreement with popular justice. Moreover, this effect was stronger for participants who believed that formal social control mechanisms were ineffective. We discuss these results in light of their contribution for tackling bullying, as well as for the literature on deviance, social control and collective action.
Oxidation of Elemental Sulfur in Granular Fertilizers Depends on the Soil‐Exposed Surface Area

Elemental S (ES) is the most concentrated S source and does not leach readily in soils but only becomes available to plants after oxidation to SO₄–S. Commercial ES fertilizers are usually in granular form (e.g., as ES prills or ES-fortified N–P–K fertilizer), but studies on ES oxidation have mostly focused on ES powder mixed through soil. We studied the oxidation of commercial granular ES fertilizers and powdered ES in a column incubation experiment at 25°C with three soils (two Mollisols and an Oxisol). The columns were leached at periodic intervals, and ES oxidation was evaluated by measuring S in the leachates and by analyzing ES remaining in the soil at the end of the experiment (56 or 36 wk). Sulfate immobilization in organic matter was taken into account in the derivation of the ES oxidation rate. For all three soils, the oxidation rate was around 0.02 d⁻¹ for ES particles (diameter <100 μm) mixed with soil, around 0.005 d⁻¹ for ES-fortified monoammonium phosphate granules with up to 7.5% (<100 μm) ES, and around 0.0006 d⁻¹ for ES–bentonite pastilles (90% ES). The slower oxidation of granular than of powdered ES was attributed to the reduced surface area in contact with the soil. Knowledge of the oxidation rate of fertilizer ES is important for improving fertilizer management. This study shows that the oxidation rate of granular ES fertilizers differs greatly depending on their composition and provides the first quantitative assessment of the oxidation rate of ES in S-fortified N–P fertilizers.
Remarks on the Born approximation and the Factorization Method

In this paper, we compare the far-field operators for the full nonlinear inverse scattering problem with the Born approximation as its linearization. The Factorization Method shows that both operators share the same behavior with respect to illposedness of the inverse problem. The results are derived for acoustic and electromagnetic scattering problems and the corresponding problem in electrical impedance tomography.