Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An investigation of the effects of matching attentional draw with utility in computer-based interruption

We all experience interruption in our daily lives when something causes a break in our actions, activities, or concentration. The number of channels through which we may interrupt each other has multiplied with the advent of communication and information technology, beginning with the telephone and increasing with email and instant messaging systems. Moreover, technology itself has become a source of interruption through calendar systems, software update reminders, and even battery monitor warnings. Interruption has become pervasive to the point where it is overwhelming. Consequently, research in the Human-Computer Interaction literature has focused largely on the negative effects of interruption. Yet, the fact that we continue to propagate and tolerate computer-based interruption suggests that there is some value associated with it. In this thesis, we explore how interruption can be harnessed for beneficial means by empirically investigating a design guideline that may help to mitigate negative effects: matching the amount of attention attracted by an interruption’s notification signal to the usefulness of the interruption content. In three controlled studies, we investigated the effects of matching attentional draw of notification to interruption utility in terms of annoyance, benefit, workload, and performance. Study 1 examined notification signals in terms of their detection times and established a set of three significantly different notification signals along the spectrum of attentional draw. Study 2 was an initial investigation of matching these different signals to interruptions with different levels of utility. In our final study we compared our strategy of matching attentional draw and utility to the status quo of static notification methods. Our results indicate that interfaces that matched attentional draw to utility were associated with decreased annoyance and an increased perception of benefit compared to interfaces that used a static level of attentional draw. These and other sec-
Trick or Tweet: How Usable is Twitter for First-Time Users?

Summary. Social networking websites have become common tools people use for communication and sharing media such as photos. Currently, one of the most popular social networking websites is Twitter. A usability study was conducted with first-time users to determine ease of use and satisfaction with the site. The evaluation revealed several issues involving signing up for a new account, site terminology, and basic communication.
Effect of herbicides on soil microcosm , nodulation and yield in chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L . )

Herbicides are commonly used in kalaburagi to control weeds in chickpea. In addition to their impact on weeds, these herbicides are also affecting soil microorganisms which are responsible for numerous biological processes essential for crop production. In the present study, we assessed the impact of five commonly used herbicides three are pre emergence and two are post emergence [Pendimethalin (PRE), Chlormuron ethyl (PRE), Oxyfluorfen (PRE), Quizalofop ethyl (POE) and Phenaxoprop ethyl (POE)] on soil microbial populations in chickpea cultivation experimental plots. Our study showed that the herbicide treatments sinhibited the development of microbial populations in the soil, and the degree of inhibition closely related to the mode application as pre emergence or post emergence and varied with the types of herbicide. Weed free check recorded the highest number of microorganisms at all the different growth stages and differed in herbicides treated plots. Among the pre emergence pendimethalin recorded highest and in post emergence herbicides phenaxoprop ethyl resulted more in different stages of chickpea sampling. The study suggests that the herbicide application to soil of chickpea cultivation cause transient impacts on microbial population growth, when applied at recommended field application rate.
Neural Network based Modeling and Simulation of Transformer Inrush Current

Inrush current is a very important phenomenon which occurs during energization of transformer at no load due to temporary over fluxing. It depends on several factors like magnetization curve, resistant and inductance of primary winding, supply frequency, switching angle of circuit breaker etc. Magnetizing characteristics of core represents nonlinearity which requires improved nonlinearity solving technique to know the practical behavior of inrush current. Since several techniques still working on modeling of transformer inrush current but neural network ensures exact modeling with experimental data. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model based on data of switching angle and remanent flux for predicting peak of inrush current. Back Propagation with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm was used to train the ANN architecture and same was tested for the various data sets. This research work demonstrates that the developed ANN model exhibits good performance in prediction of inrush current’s peak with an average of percentage error of -0.00168 and for modeling of inrush current with an average of percentage error of -0.52913.
An Application of Stochastic Programming to Logistics Network Design Under Demand , Cost and Capacity Constraints

Supply chain management has grown tremendously in recent years and has become a crucial and competitive tool for companies in today’s fast-paced global economy. Companies try to improve their supply chain performance by employing new technologies and methods, and considering unpredictable behaviors and disruptions in order to survive in the competitive market. One of the most effective ways to tackle uncertainty in supply chain is to have a well-structured resilient network, which can encompass the fluctuations and uncertainties through design parameters and respond effectively to upcoming disruptions. This thesis addresses the problem of logistics network design in the case of uncertainty in design parameters. Demand, supply, transportation and operating costs, and capacity are among the main parameters that carry a stochastic behavior by nature and fluctuate for various reasons over the planning horizon. In this work, in order to measure the effect of uncertainty and variability in the design parameters, a two-stage stochastic optimization approach is applied to formulate the stochastic logistics network design problem. A heuristic scenario-based solution approach called sample average approximation is used in order to solve the stochastic model. The results from the stochastic approach and the classical deterministic approach are compared and analyzed through various sample instances in order to demonstrate the effect of the stochastic design parameters and their variability levels on the network design process.
Statistical properties of the RMS delay-spread of mobile radio channels with independent Rayleigh-fading paths

The statistical properties of the RMS delay-spread for mobile radio channels with independent Rayleigh-fading paths are investigated. We give analytical formulas for the statistical distribution of the local RMS delay-spread for two independent paths (two-delay model). We show that there is a considerable difference between the mean RMS delay-spread and the expected value of the local RMS delay-spread if the number of paths is small; however, this difference vanishes for a large number of paths.
The entrepreneurial marketing orientation of International New Ventures : conceptual model and research framework

The current literature indicates that the research problems regarding the management of internationalizing SMEs (among them so-called International New Ventures — INVs) are relevant also in the Visegrad Region (Nowinski and Rialp, 2013; Wach, 2015; Danik, Kowalik and Kral, 2016). These problems are all the more important because the share of such SMEs in the foreign trade has been growing and its role in the economic growth is vital. In particular, the SMEs are jointly generating over 82% of the annual Polish exports value, and the accelerated expansion model has been applied by a considerable number of them Izabela Kowalik Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, Instytut Międzynarodowego Zarządzania i Marketingu
Exploring the design space of a superscalar implementation

Instruction set architecture, processor implementation, compiler, performance, and cost all influence the design of a superscalar implementation of a pipelined processor. The authors focus on processor implementation and performance by presenting a methodology to explore the superscalar implementation design space. After the parameters in the design space have been identified, this methodology is applied to the Intel 80960CA instruction set architecture and compiler to produce performance curves to obtain performance differences of various implementation features. For a given performance range, regions of the design space which do not satisfy the performance requirements are discarded, and regions of the design space which do satisfy the performance requirements need to be examined further. The performance curves serve as a guide to reducing the design space. <<ETX>>
2 Tool chain xUML model Safety property Instance spec . Translation Formal model Model checking Diagnostic trace Visualisation

We present a fully automated approach to verifying safety properties of Executable UML models (xUML). Our tool chain consists of a model transformation program which translates xUML models to the process algebra mCRL2, followed by symbolic model checking using LTSmin. If a safety violation is found, an error trace is visualised as a UML sequence diagram. As a novel feature, our approach allows safety properties to be specified as UML state machines.
ON REPRODuCTIvE BIOlOGy AND MATING BEHAvIOuR OF Arion vulgAris MOQuIN-TANDON 1855 IN NORWAy INCluDING A MATING ExPERIMENT WITH A HyBRID OF Arion rufus ( lINNAEuS 1758 ) x Ater ( lINNAEuS 1758 )

Arion vulgaris Moquin-tandon 1855 (synonym Arion lusitanicus Mabille 1868) has been spreading through norway during the last 20 years. We present phenological and reproductive data from western norwegian populations. Mating experiments under semi-natural conditions revealed a prolonged duration of copulation compared with other studies. in partner choice experiments using marked slugs we observed that remating occurred in this Arion species. for the first time, experimental evidence for mating between Arion rufus x ater (linnaeus 1758) and A. vulgaris is reported which confirms other genetic and morphological studies suggesting low reproductive isolation within the larger Arion species complex. Moreover, even based on very preliminary experiments our data suggest a case for possible mitochondrial heteroplasmy in Arion.
Internet as a Source of Misconception: "Radiation and Radioactivity"

The purpose of this study is to examine students’ usage styles of the Internet for seeking information and to investigate whether information obtained from the Internet is a source of misconceptions. For this reason, a twostage study was conducted. At the first stage, a questionnaire was developed to get information about students’ Internet usage styles. In the light of the questionnaire results, the first 200 websites were scanned and analysed by 3 experts to determine the probable incorrect information about “Radiation” and “Radioactivity” concepts at the second stage. It was found that a good number of websites contain incorrect and inadequate knowledge about radiation and radioactivity, which can cause various misconceptions.
Score estimation of monotone partially linear index model

This paper studies semiparametric estimation of a partially linear single index model with a monotone link function. Our estimator is an extension of the score-type estimator developed by Balabdaoui et al. (2019) for the monotone single index model, which profiles out the unknown link function by isotonic regression. An attractive feature of the proposed estimator is that it is free from tuning parameters for nonparametric smoothing. We show that our estimator for the finite-dimensional components is -consistent and asymptotically normal. By introducing an additional smoothing to obtain the efficient score, we propose an asymptotically efficient estimator for the finite-dimensional components. Furthermore, we establish the asymptotic validity of a bootstrap inference method based the score-type estimator, which is also free from tuning parameters. A simulation study illustrates the usefulness of the proposed method.
A support system for the blind to recognize a diagram

A visual substitute system is described. The image of a diagram obtained by a camera is analyzed to extract information using a personal computer. Spatially coarse information is presented on a tactile display that has a digitizing function, and fine information corresponding to a location pointed out by a user on a display is output by a speech synthesizer. It is reported that a blind person can easily recognize a complex diagram by integrating both types of information, obtained by interactive operation with the system. <<ETX>>
GREEN IT CAPABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The concept of Green Information Technology (Green IT) has been widely discussed in recent times, but the question of how a firm can afford to implement Green IT in both IT and other business operations has yet to be examined. In addition, the question of whether Green IT has made any significant contributions towards sustainable development in organizations has not yet been studied. This study attempts to bridge this gap by viewing Green IT capability from the lens of Natural Resource-Based View. The two constructs derived from this theory, namely, as pollution prevention and product stewardship are discussed in this paper. Its application is extended into the IT context with reference to Green IT literature. This occurs among an early review of the utilisation of these constructs particularly for Green IT process management. The implications of the outcome of this study, both for the IS researchers and for the practicing managers, are discussed.
Detecting Uninteresting Content in Text Streams

A BST R A C T We study the problem of identifying uninteresting content in text streams from micro-blogging services such as Twitter. Our premise is that truly mundane content is not interesting in any context, and thus can be quickly filtered using simple queryindependent features. Such a filter could be used for tiering indexes in a micro-blog search engine, with the filtered uninteresting content relegated to the less frequently accessed tiers.
Captcha as Graphical Passwords ( CaRP )-A Novel Security Approach Based on Hard AI Problems

User authentication has become one of the important topics in information security. Many graphical password schemes have been proposed, which are used to improve password usability and security. In this paper, we present a new approach to solve the hard AI problems, namely, graphical passwords are combined with Captcha technique, which will be referred them as Captcha as graphical password otherwise we call it as CaRP. CaRP solves security problems such as online dictionary attacks, relay attacks and shoulder-surfing attacks combined with dual-view technologies. Captcha as graphical passwords also offers an efficient approach to address the well-known image hotspot problem in popular graphical password systems, such as Pass-Points. CaRP also offers primitive scheme to provide reasonable and usability security to improve online security. KeywordsPassword, Captcha, CaRP, Graphical password, Invariant Points, dictionary attack, relay attack, online security.
an legume companion plants control weeds without decreasing crop ield ? A meta-analysis

Companion plant intercropping involves growing a cash crop with another plant that is not harvested, to confer a set of benefits on the crop and the environment. Weed control and herbicide use reduction are one of the principal reasons for adopting this approach. Companion plants should compete with weeds for light, nutrients and water, but they may also compete with the crop. The species grown must therefore be carefully chosen and managed so as to outcompete weeds but limit competition with the crop and yield loss. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to quantify the effects of companion plants on weed regulation and cash crop yields, and to analyze their sources of variability. We reviewed different intercropping systems involving an annual cash crop and a legume companion plant from around the world. We report data from 34 scientific articles, corresponding to 476 experimental units (i.e. combinations of site × year × cash crop × legume companion plant species × agricultural practices), and we explore whether intercropping with legume companion plants can control weeds while maintaining crop yield. Yield and weed biomass ratios were analyzed as response variables. We used the type of cash crop (straw cereals, maize or other crops), the methods used to establish the companion plants (living mulch, synchronized sowing or relay intercropping) and the overlap between the growth periods of the companion plants and the cash crop as explanatory variables. Intercropping with a companion plant resulted in a lower weed biomass and a higher yield (winwin situation) than non-weeded or weeded control treatments, in 52% and 36%, respectively, of the experimental units considered. A higher weed biomass associated with a lower yield (lose-lose) was observed in only 13% and 26% of the experimental units, in comparisons with non-weeded and weeded control treatments, respectively. Considering all the experimental units together, the companion plants had no significant effect on cash crop yield, but significantly decreased weed biomass, by 56% relatively to a non-weeded control treatment, and 42% relative to a weeded control treatment. The greatest benefits from companion plant intercropping were reported for maize, with yields 37% higher than those for non-weeded control treatments. The other explanatory variables tested had no significant effect on yield or weed control. Thus, the use of legume companion plants generally seems to enhance weed control without reducing crop yield, but the conditions giving rise to win-win situations should be explored further, to encourage the spread of this technique among farmers. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Economic policy making using neural networks

Neural networks are introduced for economic policy making. A desirable property of a policy instrument is its speedy impact on the economic system. Monetary policy is generally recognized as the one, relative to the fiscal policy, which is easier to implement and its impact is faster to realize. An application of the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation-based neural networks to monetary policy formulation for the US economy shows that its policy is faster to respond to sudden changes in the dynamic of the system than a traditional linear feedback policy.
POSTDICTION OF STRONG MOTION FOR THE 1923 KANTO EARTHQUAKE CONSIDERING ITS HETEROGENEOUS SOURCE PROCESS

1 Earthquake Engineering Dept, Central Research Inst. Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Japan. cbar@criepi.denken. or.jp 2 Tokyo Electric Power Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan Email: annaka@aed.tepsco. co.jp 3 Power Engineering R&D Center, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Kawasaki, Japan Email: t0594366@pmail.tepco. co.jp POSTDICTION OF STRONG MOTION FOR THE 1923 KANTO EARTHQUAKE CONSIDERING ITS HETEROGENEOUS SOURCE PROCESS
The mHealth : A Review of Current Persuasive Technology Design Strategies

Health services needs nowadays are rising and consumers are increasingly aware of the importance to know their health status quickly and effectively. However, the mobile health applications acceptance is still low even its development is growing due to the use of information technology among health providers and consumers. This indicates that the mobile health application less successful in persuading consumers for better health habits. The design of information in this mobile application should achieve the objective of improving consumer health habits. This paper reviews the findings of previous studies related to the design strategies used to exploit persuasive technology for behavior change. The results are presented in a table showing the frequency of each strategy being studied by the researchers. Hence, this study will assist mobile developers, designers and health providers in developing their future mobile health applications.
African Swine Fever : outbreak in Nigeria African Swine Fever : outbreak in Nigeria

An outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF), characterized by a mortality of 50 to 100% in various herds, was diagnosed among free-ranging domesticated pigs in Delta State, Nigeria, in August 1998. The etiological confirmation of ASF was made by virus isolation, PCR and sequencing of a 280 base pair fragment of the major capsid protein (VP72) gene. Experimental infection of pigs with infected blood resulted in pyrexia, which peaked two to four days postinfection, followed by death in five to six days postinfection. Postmortem examination revealed widespread hemorrhage, congestion and edema of tissues. The lymph nodes, spleen, liver and kidneys showed marked focal random necrosis and loss of lymphocytes from the splenic and lymphoid follicles. There was an acute orchitis with massive neutrophilic and macrophage infiltrates into the intertubular connective tissue. Meningitis and focal hemorrhages were observed in the brain and spinal cord. The outbreak was believed to be a continuation of an eastward spread of ASF from neighboring Benin, which began the previous year (1997).
Paper 30.4 Multi-Intensity-Layer PIV application to a practical burner

PIV applicability to a spray was investigated by comparing with PDA results and showed the good agreement of detected velocity. But some region discrepancy can be observed. The new technique ‘Multi-Intensity-Layer PIV’ which can detect velocity and droplet size at same time was proposed and applied to a spray burner for evaluation. Evaluation was done under comparison with size-classified PDA since this new technique tries to describe droplet behavior and flow structure for each droplet size classes. In the new technique Mie theory is applied and the source image was distributed into three images (layers) to distinguish following, alternative and penetration effect in a large scale turbulent structure. Layer distribution was done with using the pixel intensity on source images and each criterion was selected carefully with consideration of diameter square information. Good agreement of size-classified PDA and Multi-Intensity-Layer PIV data was observed around the central axis but very large discrepancies were also observed around r=20mm region. For the investigation of these agreement and discrepancy velocity-diameter correlation was taken into account and found that discrepancy is due to the wide ranges of velocity and diameter droplet existence and flow complexity. In these regions PIV would generate erroneous or incorrect vector because PIV technique uses spatial average in the interrogation window. With consideration of this error source in a spray measurement flow structure analysis was done with this ‘Multi-Intensity-Layer PIV’ technique Source images were distributed in three layers and three different vector maps were produced from a pair of images. By comparing these vector maps of different layers we succeeded to describe the droplet behavior and flow structure such as droplet following and penetration, hollow cone structure and shear flow region with its size dependency. And finally concluded that this technique can be useful tool to understand droplet behavior in the spray flow fields.