Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variations in Total Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenolics Content of Leaves of Phyllostachys Taxa Using Different Extraction Methods

Changes in total phenolic content (TP) and total antioxidant capacity (AC) during the vegetation period (April-November) were analysed in Phyllostachys aureosulcata f. aureocaulis (PAA), P. flexuosa (PF), P. humilis (PH), P. sulphurea var. sulphurea (PSS). Different extraction methods were compared: infusion or decoction with water or aqueous methanol. The highest significant value for TP was measured in the case of infusion at 90 Â°C for 5 min, which lead to the highest value for AC. During the vegetation period the highest values of TP were measured in April and May in the case of PAA (409.5; 314.9 and 258.7; 119.0 μg GA/ml) and PH (388.4; 411.6 and 252.9; 253.3 μg GA/ml). There was a clear trend in the changes of TP, with high values in April and November and a peak during August-September. Similar to TP, the highest values of AC were measured in April and May in PH (519.7; 566.3 and 513.5; 510.4 μg AA/ml) and PAA (534.5; 337.8 and 394.9; 275.4 μg AA/ml). We compared the change of TP in all taxa with stress index values derived from daily maximum and minimum air temperature, cumulative precipitation plus irrigation and cumulative evapotranspiration values. A close correlation R 2 = 0.32 (p=0.001) was found between stress index values and the change in TP of all taxa. The correlation is even closer R 2 = 0.52 (p=0.001) with PF, PH and PSS . Our results with PAA can be explained by possible inter/intra-specific differences in freeze tolerance and cold-acclimation.
The affordability of sustainable entrepreneurship certification for SMEs

Sustainable entrepreneurship is a spin-off concept from sustainable development that can be defined as the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce, their families, local communities, society and the world at large, as well as future generations. This is an approach that is applied mostly by large, often industrial companies. In their wake, a whole range of sustainability certificates have come about. Because of the proliferation of complex and costly procedures to obtain them, SMEs have almost unanimously ignored and repudiated the idea of sustainable entrepreneurship. Although the gains can be substantial in terms of risk control, business relationships with large companies and positive reputation, the question is raised whether SMEs can actually afford to do business in a sustainable manner. The case study provides the preconditions for implementation of sustainable business practices by SMEs. First, the smaller financial resources of SMEs are not a prohibitive determinant. Lack of time, however, is. When preconditions are solved, SMEs should select a simple, pragmatic and effective format that is tailored to their needs. The case study offers some convincing examples. Finally, SMEs should look at the return and the opportunity costs of a sustainability strategy rather than simply examining the financial costs.
How South African SME's can become better candidates for export finance

SMEs are considered to be important drivers of economic growth and development throughout the world but to deliver true economic benefits, they need to grow into sustainable, profitable businesses. Expanding into foreign markets provides an excellent vehicle for growth but many hurdles stand in the way of SMEs making the transition from local to international. The difficulty associated with obtaining finance for export market development is a key stumbling block. Financial institutions regard SMEs as high risk because they have limited resources and capacity, and are more likely to default than larger concerns. This paper examines the various risks that financial institutions in South Africa assess when they receive applications for export finance from smes.What makes this study different is that it offers perspectives on export risks from the lender’s point of view – a hitherto neglected area of research. The findings are packaged as a set of guidelines on how SMEs can mitigate these risks and improve their chances of securing the financial assistance that has often eluded them in the past.
MOLECULAR AND EPIGENETIC STUDY OF H19 GENE IN GOAT (CAPRA HIRCUS)

Due to the high incidence of abnormalities and the inefficiency of generating goat kids through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), the development of a model system in goat to investigate potential problems is warranted. In nuclear transfer, where genomic imprinting has been implicated as a major cause for these problems, epigenetic regulation of developmentally important genes may give us the clue regarding the probable reasons for the low efficiency observed in SCNT. H19 is one such paternally imprinted gene. The present investigation was undertaken to study the methylation status of CTCF III binding region in the upstream of H19 gene before and after reprogramming by serum starvation method, in cultured fibroblast cells. Fibroblast cells were cultured up to sixth passage and genomic DNA was extracted before and after reprogramming. Genomic DNA samples were then used to amplify 295 bp fragment of H19 CTCF III binding region. The nucleotide sequence identified in this fragment had 19 CpG motifs. Genomic DNA samples were then treated with sodium bisulphite to analyse the methylation status of identified CpG motifs. The bisulphite converted genomic DNA was amplified by bisulphite sequencing primer (BSP) set. The amplified fragments of bisulphite converted genomic DNA samples of reprogrammed and non-reprogrammed cells were then sequenced. Variation in the sequences were obtained from bisulphite converted genomic DNA of reprogrammed and non-reprogrammed cells. The nucleotide sequence analysis of bisulphite converted cultured non-reprogrammed cells revealed methylation of 6 CpG motifs. The level of methylation observed in the study for 295 bp gene fragment was about 31.5%. However, in reprogrammed cells the CpG motifs were found to be unmethylated. Therefore, it is concluded that a reduction in the level of methylation was observed in reprogrammed fibroblast cells after serum starvation.
A Support of Independent Processes Outside of Information System, Using an Ontology Driven Application

The purpose of the article is to analyze support of the independent processes, using any tool of information technology (IT) outside of the information system (IS) in the enterprise environment. The useful tool of IT could be the software (SW) ATOM, an ontology-driven web based application. Changes in IS are very expensive, complicated and risky, but it should be suggested solution omitted. The extensive literature review of the current state of the topic is added. The chosen process is innovation; the life cycle of innovation is explained: suggestion of innovation, demand for the solution of innovation, the final solution of innovation, and project for implementation of innovation. The methodology of an ontology preparation for the SW application includes design scheme of classes and associations between classes, preparation table of assignment characteristics to classes, and implementation of an ontology design in SW ATOM. The real possibility to support independent processes outside of IS using an ontology-driven application was experimentally verified and confirmed, and the result of research work could be used for any process outside of IS. Limits of the proposed solution consist of only experimental laboratory verification. For the practical use, it should be necessary first to prepare a prototype for the corporation IS in an enterprise environment.
Comparing Mental Health, Self-Efficacy, and System of Beliefs between Normal and MS-Sufferer Women

The study aimed at comparing mental health, self-efficacy, and belief organization between normal and MS-sufferer women. This was a causative-comparative investigation. Statistical population consisted of all MS-sufferer women in brain and neuronal system offices as well as normal women in Rasht, Iran. Fifty MS-sufferer women and fifty normal women were selected via convenience sampling and purposive sampling, respectively. Data collection was performed by using the Self-Efficacy Scale (Sherer and Maddux, 1982), the Mental Health Questionnaire (Goldberg and Hillier, 1979), and System of Beliefs Inventory (Holland et al., 1998). Data analysis was done through multivariate variance analysis. The results revealed that there are significant differences in mental health, selfefficacy, and system of beliefs between normal and MS-sufferer women (p<0.05). It was concluded that mental health, self-efficacy, and system of beliefs are important psychological factors in MS-sufferers. Improvement in these factors may enhance treatment trend in MS-sufferers.
DEPLOYMENT OF WEB SERVICE IN CLOUD AND ITS OPTIMIZATION

Clod computing is a emerging paradigm for on-demand service to the users via internet or network on rent basis. Provisions of service and resources in cloud PaaS is an important function that provides analytical statistics about the current view of cloud (running instance for a user or group of users). Author of [2] digging on it and found that, An Amazon EC2 instance [3] is a virtual processing resource (VM) in the Amazon cloud. The process of instantiating new VMs could take as long as few minutes. The new VMs originate either as fresh boots or replicas of a template VM, unaware of the current application state. This article presents the method for computing number of resources used and the solution for provisioning and monitoring of the resources in the cloud which helps to gather analytical statistics of the resources currently held and will be used such a memory, number of instances and CPU. Proposed mechanism has influences from the working of Aneka framework. For evaluation of the proposed work, the components has been used, first the data set which is the web application developed for testing in cloud environment. For a “MPONLINE”, clone has been developed to test has the same functionality as the original MPONLINE contains. Second and third component has been a cloud services provider where the dataset has been deployed as web application to test the proposed method. Second is a open source Cloud service provider i.e. Cloudbees and third one is Window Azure Cloud service. The obtained result of the proposed mechanism has been found satisfactory and performs better than existing one
Incremental dynamic analysis

Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is a parametric analysis method that has recently emerged in several different forms to estimate more thoroughly structural performance under seismic loads. It involves subjecting a structural model to one (or more) ground motion record(s), each scaled to multiple levels of intensity, thus producing one (or more) curve(s) of response parameterized versus intensity level. To establish a common frame of reference, the fundamental concepts are analysed, a unified terminology is proposed, suitable algorithms are presented, and properties of the IDA curve are looked into for both single‐degree‐of‐freedom and multi‐degree‐of‐freedom structures. In addition, summarization techniques for multi‐record IDA studies and the association of the IDA study with the conventional static pushover analysis and the yield reduction R‐factor are discussed. Finally, in the framework of performance‐based earthquake engineering, the assessment of demand and capacity is viewed through the lens of an IDA study. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interactive comment on “Three dimensional soil organic matter distribution, accessibility and microbial respiration in macro-aggregates using osmium staining and synchrotron X-ray CT” by B

This is a very interesting and innovative study on a novel and exciting topic of relationships between soil organic matter and pores in soil macro-aggregates. The authors are using a novel osmium-staining CT-scanning based technique to identify SOM and are utilizing very sophisticated tools for in-depth spatial analyses of the image data. The manuscript certainly warrants publication, however, there is a need for some revisions.
Countermanding oculomotor models

The countermanding oculomotor task or stopsignal task (see Fig. 1) requires participants to make a saccade to a GO stimulus (no-stop-signal trial) but stop the saccade when a STOP signal is presented (stop-signal trial). Participants’ ability to inhibit the response depends on the interval between the GO and STOP signals, often referred to as the stop-signal delay (SSD). When the GO signal has a small head start relative to the STOP signal, then subjects succeed at inhibiting their responses. As the head start grows, subjects often fail to inhibit the response.
Measuring episodic memory: A novel approach with an indefinite number of alternative forms

Both clinical practice and clinical research settings can require successive administrations of a memory test, particularly when following the trajectory of suspected memory decline in older adults. However, relatively few verbal episodic memory tests have alternative forms. We set out to create a broad based memory test to allow for the use of an essentially unlimited number of alternative forms. Four tasks for inclusion in such a test were developed. These tasks varied the requirement for recall as opposed to recognition, the need to form an association between unrelated words, and the need to discriminate the most recent list from earlier lists, all of which proved useful. A total of 115 participants completed the battery of tests and were used to show that the test could differentiate between older and younger adults; a sub-sample of 73 participants completed alternative forms of the tests to determine test-retest reliability and the amount of learning to learn.
Carbon surfaces for the oxidative quantification of pravastatin: Glassy-carbon vs. screen-printed carbon electrodes

The electrooxidative behavior of pravastatin (PRV) in aqueous media was studied by square-wave voltammetry at a glassycarbon electrode (GCE) and at a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). Maximum peak current intensities in a pH 5.0 buffer were obtained at + 1.3 V vs. AgCl/Ag and +1.0 V vs. Ag for the GCE and SPCE surface respectively. Validation of the developed methodologies revealed good performance characteristics and confirmed their applicability to the quantification of PRV in pharmaceutical products, without significant sample pretreatment. A comparative analysis between the two electrode types showed that SPCEs are preferred as an electrode surface because of their higher sensitivity and the elimination of the need to clean the electrode's surface for its renewal, which frequently is, if not always, the rate-limiting step in voltammetric analysis.
A MYSQL-BASED DATA ARCHIVER: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

Following an evaluation of the archival requirements of the Jefferson Laboratory accelerator’s user community, a prototyping effort was executed to determine if an archiver based on MySQL had sufficient functionality to meet those requirements. This approach was chosen because an archiver based on a relational database enables the development effort to focus on data acquisition and management, letting the database take care of storage, indexing and data consistency. It was clear from the prototype effort that there were no performance impediments to successful implementation of a final system. With our performance concerns addressed, the lab undertook the design and development of an operational system. The system is in its operational testing phase now. This paper discusses the archiver system requirements, some of the design choices and their rationale, and presents the acquisition, storage and retrieval performance.
A fuzzy logic approach to infer reservoir permeability from depth and porosity measurements for Mishrif limestone Formation at Nasyria Oil Field, south of Iraq

This study explores the application of TakagiSugeno fuzzy inference system to predict reservoir permeability form depth and porosity measurements for Mashrif Formation in Nasyria Oil Field, south of Iraq. The models developed intend to describe the non-linear relationship between depth and porosity as inputs and permeability as output. A total of 206 core samples from three exploration wells (Ns-2, Ns-3, and Ns-5) were used to build a fuzzy model. Input data were divided into two groups including training set (170 data points) which represent the Ns-2 and Ns-3 wells; and testing set (36 data points which represent Ns-5). All membership functions and IF-THEN rules of the inference system were derived by using subtractive clustering technique. The performance of the model was measured by using degree of determination. The results of this study indicate that fuzzy logic technique is suitable to infer permeability from depth and porosity measurements alone without the need for the very expensive coring process. The calculated degree of determination was 0.98 for testing data set. A few core permeability and porosity measurements are required first to build fuzzy model and the fuzzy inference engine predict permeability for other sites of the field by knowing depth and porosity inputs which can be taken from conventional well logs data.
Sperm DNA impairment in the bull: causes, influences on reproduction and evaluations

Conventional semen examination involving sperm motility, viability and morphology remains the backbone of assessing the fertility status of a sire. However, there remains instances where these semen parameters appear normal but cases of low conception rates or failure of pregnancy occur. This review highlights the causes of sperm DNA damage and the effectiveness of techniques designed to evaluate the contribution of sperm DNA damage to lowered fertility in bulls. Among the many causes of sperm DNA impairment are imperfect spermatogenesis, faulty apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, in-vitro handling, impact of environment, radiography and the stress of cryopreservation processes. Furthermore, DNA impairment impairs fertilisation, interferes with embryonic development and implantation and blocks blastocyst formation. The most frequently used tests to determine DNA damage are the acridine orange test (AOT) using acridine orange stain with examination under a fluorescence microscope and the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) using the same stain but examined with flow cytometry.
Nonclassicality versus entanglement in a noncommutative space

Nonclassicality is an interesting property of light having applications in many different contexts of quantum optics, quantum information and computation. Nonclassical states produce substantial amount of reduced noise in optical communications. Furthermore, they often behave as sources of entangled quantum states, which are the most elementary requirement for quantum teleportation. We study various nonclassical properties of coherent states and Schrodinger cat states in a setting of noncommutative space resulting from the generalized uncertainty relation, first, in a complete analytical fashion and, later, by computing their entanglement entropies, which in turn provide supporting arguments behind our analytical results. By using standard theoretical frameworks, they are shown to produce considerably improved squeezing and nonclassicality and, hence, significantly higher amount of entanglement in comparison to the usual quantum mechanical models. Both the nonclassicality and the entanglement can be enhanced further by increasing the noncommutativity of the underlying space. In addition, we find as a by-product some rare explicit minimum uncertainty quadrature and number squeezed states, i.e., ideal squeezed states.
Is Volatility of Equity Markets a Volume Story? A Nonparametric Analysis

In this paper we document and account for the non-normality of returns exhibited by the indices in our samples. Consequently we re-examine the relationship between volatility and volume while distinguishing between returns within a trading day and returns across trading days. Our results indicate that the volatility exhibited by both types of returns is positively and significantly related to volume. Hence the results provide an additional explanation for short-term volatility patterns, which is not necessarily within a strict price formation framework.
Title Real-time precision pedestrian navigation solution usingInertial Navigation System and Global Positioning System

Global Positioning System and Inertial Navigation System can be used to determine position and velocity. A Global Positioning System module is able to accurately determine position without sensor drift, but its usage is limited in heavily urbanized environments and heavy vegetation. While high-cost tactical-grade Inertial Navigation System can determine position accurately, low-cost micro-electro-mechanical system Inertial Navigation System sensors are plagued by significant errors. Global Positioning System is coupled with Inertial Navigation System to correct the errors, while Inertial Navigation System itself can be used to provide navigation solution during a Global Positioning System outage. Data from Global Positioning System and Inertial Navigation System can be integrated by extensive Kalman filtering, using loosely coupled integration architecture to provide navigation solutions. In this study, real-time low-cost loosely coupled microelectro-mechanical system Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System sensors have been used for pedestrian navigation. Trial runs of Global Positioning System outages have been conducted to determine the accuracy of the system described. The micro-electro-mechanical system Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System can successfully project a trajectory during a Global Positioning System outage and produces a root mean square error of 9.35 m in latitude direction and 10.8 m in longitude direction. This technology is very suitable for visually impaired pedestrians.
Fossil Aphanius (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes) from southwestern Anatolia (Turkey) : a contribution to the evolutionary history of a hotspot of freshwater biodiversity

Until recently, only a single fossil species of the cyprinodontiform genus Aphanius was known from Anatolia (Turkey), mainly based on fossil otoliths. As Anatolia is a diversity hotspot of this genus, it was of peculiar interest to investigate recently found fossil otoliths of? upper Pliocene-lower Pleistocene age from the Yassigiime section located in the Burdur Basin in southwest Anatolia. We studied the morphological relations to otoliths of extant Aphanius anatoliae sureyanus inhabiting present-day Lake Burdur by conducting Fourier shape and statistical analyses (principal components analysis [PCA], canonical discriminant analysis [CDA]). For further comparisons, we included a population of A. a. anatoliae (at Lake Salda) nearby Lake Burdur and one population ofA. danfordii from the Kizilirmak River in northern central Anatolia. The contour of the fossil otoliths closely resembles that seen in the otoliths produced by the extant subspecies A. a. sureyanus from Lake Burdur. On the other hand, the fossil otoliths are distinctly different from those of the extant species A. danfordii. Furthermore, the fossil otoliths reveal more proximity to A. a. sureyanus than to A. a. anatoliae of that region, and both extant subspecies show a certain distance to one another in the CDA; thus we suggest that this might be explained by a diversification of the subspecies that had begun before the investigated fossil populations existed. Based on the strong similarity of the fossil otoliths with A. a. sureyanus, we conclude that they do not represent a new fossil species, and thus are preliminary denominated as †A. cf. anatoliae sureyanus.