Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptualising barriers and supports for physical activity: A qualitative assessment

Abstract Objectives: Community indicators for physical activity were conceptualised by assessing citizens' perceived barriers and supports for physical activity within their community. Suggestions regarding community improvements by multiple sectors of the community (government, non-profit organisations, voluntary organisations, private organisations and leisure time organisations) were also elicited from the study participants. Design: An exploratory study using qualitative methods was designed using the socio-ecological framework to guide question development. A purposive sample to reflect the community's demographics was selected. Attention was given to within-group homogeneity. Data were collected during a three-month period. Setting: The research was conducted in a southeastern US city of approximately 45,000 residents within a county of over 100,000 residents. Methods: An experienced, Master's level moderator facilitated six focus groups (n=53). The discussions were tape recorded and supplemented with detailed notes. Concepts were extracted by qualitative coding and analysis. Results: Barriers included availability/accessibility of facilities; low social support and few social models; time constraints; racial/cultural barriers; safety; lack of infrastructure (sidewalk, trails); and lack of community walkability. Supports included public and private facilities, good climate, and programming at many venues. Suggestions for change include public education, advocacy efforts, infrastructure improvement and supportive policy change. Conclusions: The socio-ecological model is an effective tool for conceptualising information about the many influences on and indicators for physical activity behaviour because it gives equal attention to each level of potential influence on physical activity behaviour (intrapersonal, interpersonal, organisational, community and policy/societal). The focus group process is an effective means for citizens to identify the factors affecting their physical activity behaviour because it solicits responses about participants' lived experiences without the restricted response categories that quantitative methods impose. Findings are relevant to intervention planning to increase physical activity. Participation in focus group research may also stimulate an interest for action towards community change.
Fuzzy theories and statistics—fuzzy data analysis

Abstract Fuzzy theories are not well accepted in the field of statistics. However, fuzzy theories are important from the statistical viewpoint. In this note we first discuss the statistical applications of the fuzzy theories briefly. The main is the fuzzy set theory and we do not refer the fuzzy measure theory. Second, we introduce some statistical tools for analyzing fuzzy data. The fuzzy data analysis is important in the fields related to human sensitivity. Furthermore we define the fuzzy directional data as a special case of fuzzy data. The statistical analysis of fuzzy directional data is also discussed.
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Exploring large environments such as cities is an essential task in areas such as architecture and games. The rendering of these environments in a three-dimensional virtual model is of great help, creating an immersive experience for the user, however, due to a great density and variety of geometries, a common problem is the occlusion of elements. This work proposes to study current solutions and propose new alternatives to avoid visual obstruction. For this, we will combine existing techniques, such as X-ray and cylindrical deformation, and also propose pos-sible variants for them. Thus, we hope to improve users’ navigation and exploration experience in urban three-dimensional virtual environments.
Effects of Using a Text Message Intervention on Psychological Constructs and the Association Between Changes to Psychological Constructs and Medication Adherence in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From a Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study

Background Poor adherence to oral medications is common in people with type 2 diabetes and can lead to an increased chance of health complications. Text messages may provide an effective delivery method for an intervention; however, thus far, the majority of these interventions do not specify either a theoretical basis or propose specific mechanisms of action. This makes it hard to determine how and whether an intervention is having an effect. The text messages included in the current intervention have been developed to deliver specific behavior change techniques. These techniques are the “active ingredients” of the intervention and were selected to target psychological constructs identified as predictors of medication adherence. Objective There are 2 aims of this study: (1) to assess whether a text message intervention with specified behavior change techniques can change the constructs that predict medication adherence behaviors in people with type 2 diabetes and (2) to assess whether changes to psychological constructs are associated with changes in self-reported medication adherence. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled, 6-month feasibility trial. Adults prescribed oral medication for type 2 diabetes (N=209) were recruited from general practice and randomized to either receive a text message–based intervention or care as usual. Data were analyzed with repeated measures analysis of covariance and Spearman rho correlation coefficients. Results For 8 of the 14 constructs that were measured, a significant time-by-condition interaction was found: necessity beliefs, intention, maintenance self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy, action control, prompts and cues, social support, and satisfaction with experienced consequences all increased in the intervention group compared to the control group. Changes in action self-efficacy, intention, automaticity, maintenance self-efficacy, and satisfaction with experienced consequences were positively associated with changes in self-reported medication adherence. Conclusions A relatively low-cost, scalable, text message–only intervention targeting medication adherence using behavior change techniques can influence psychological constructs that predict adherence. Not only do these constructs predict self-reported medication adherence, but changes in these constructs are correlated with changes in self-reported medication adherence. These findings support the promise of text message–based interventions for medication adherence in this population and suggest likely mechanisms of action. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN13404264; https://www.isrctn. com/ISRCTN13404264
Effect of Topical Application of Hyaluronic Acid on stability of Immediate Loading Dental Implant in Posterior Maxilla

Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the effect of application of hyaluronic acid on stability of immediate loading implant in posterior maxilla. methods: Twenty implants were placed in fourteen patients in posterior maxillary region.Ten implants were placed in each group, in the control group non coated implant was placed while in the study group hyaluronic acid coated implant was used. results: there was significant difference in the bone density from the buccal aspect in favor of the study group. Conclusion: HA has a synergistic experimental and clinical effectiveness on quality and quantity of bone. Effect of Topical Application of Hyaluronic Acid on stability of Immediate Loading Dental Implant in
Associations between cortical thickness and anxious/depressive symptoms differ by the quality of early care

Abstract A variety of childhood experiences can lead to anxious/depressed (A/D) symptoms. The aim of the present study was to explore the brain morphological (cortical thickness and surface area) correlates of A/D symptoms and the extent to which these phenotypes vary depending on the quality of the parenting context in which children develop. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired on 45 children with Child Protective Services (CPS) involvement due to risk of not receiving adequate care (high-risk group) and 25 children without CPS involvement (low-risk group) (rangeage = 8.08–12.14; Mage = 10.05) to assess cortical thickness (CT) and cortical surface area (SA). A/D symptoms were measured using the Child Behavioral Checklist. The association between A/D symptoms and CT, but not SA, differed by risk status such that high-risk children showed decreasing CT as A/D scores increased, whereas low-risk children showed increasing CT as A/D scores increased. This interaction was specific to CT in prefrontal, frontal, temporal, and parietal cortical regions. The groups had marginally different A/D scores, in the direction of higher risk being associated with lower A/D scores. Results suggest that CT correlates of A/D symptoms are differentially shaped by the quality of early caregiving experiences and should be distinguished between high- and low-risk children.
EFFECT OF ENZYMATIC PREPARATIONS ON IMPROVEMENT OF ENERGY UTILIZATION IN BROILER CHICK DIETS 2. CANOLA SEED

An experiment was conducted to study the possibility of partially replacing Soybean meal with Full-fat canola seeds (FFCS) with/without multicarbohydrase enzymes and its effect on growth performance, some carcass traits, some blood serum parameters and economical efficiency. A total number of 390 unsexed day-old Arbor-Acres broiler strain chicks were equally divided into 13 groups of similar mean body weight of 3 replicates each. An experimental corn-soybean meal starter and finisher basal diets were formulated in which dietary protein was replaced by FFCS protein at replacement ratios of 5, 10, 15 and 20%. Diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric being 23% CP & 3000 kcal ME/kg for the starter diet and 20% CP & 3100 kcal ME /kg for the finisher diet. Thirteen dietary treatments were compared. One treatment consisted of the basal diet without FFCS (positive control diet). Four treatments consisted of the positive control diet supplemented with 5, 10, 15 or 20% FFCS without enzyme supplementation (negative control diets). Eight additional treatments consisted of the negative control diets supplemented with either Zympex ® 008 or Xylam 500 enzyme products at a level of 0.05%. Live growth performance, carcass characteristics, some blood serum parameters, sensory evaluation of cooked meat and economical efficiency were determined. From the nutritional and economical point of view, it was observed that using FFCS up to 20% in both starter and finisher broiler diets supplemented with Zympex ® 008 enzyme product at a level of 0.05% has no detrimental effect on broiler chick's growth performance and gave the best economical efficiency.
Initial growth, production in consecutive years and biochemical changes on tomato cultivars in organic system with application of Bacillus subtilis

In this study, Bacillus subtilis were applied on seeds, seedlings, and tomato crops for two years in an organic system. The product Serenade ® was used on ‘Cardyna’ and ‘Trinidade’ cultivars with the objective of determining the effect of the bacteria on initial plant growth when applied to seeds (50 μL per seed) or the seedlings watered with 100 mL solution at 8 mL L –1 concentration, and tomato yield when applied at the concentration of 4 mL L –1 in the form of a soil drench, foliar sprays and their combination, considering their action in the promotion of growth and also in the induction of resistance allied to possible metabolic deviations. Seed application reduced initial plant growth, while seedling watering at transplanting promoted growth. Chlorophylls a , b and total chlorophyll, carotenoids, and the enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chitinase, and β 1,3 glucanases were stimulated in a variable way among cultivars and applications, indicating the activation of plant defenses. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and total sugars were not altered, while the concentrations of reducing sugars were higher due to applications than those of non- reducing sugars. The metabolic changes did not influence the tomato yield.
Assessment of Immunoglobulin E in Asthmatic Pediatric Patients

Background: Recurrent reversible symptoms of hyperresponsiveness of bronchi and obstruction of air flow occur in bronchial asthma which is a chronic airway disease with pathologic inflammation. Objective: To assess the IgE level among asthmatic patients in children. Patients and Methods: our research was conducted on 116 children (87 asthmatic cases and 29 non-asthmatic healthy age and sex matched as control group). This were recruited from Pediatric Department and Outpatient Clinic at Zagazig University Hospital. The cases were subdivided to three groups according to the GINA guide line. They were assessed for the pulmonary functions with assessment of IgE. Results: In terms of IgE levels, statistically significant differences were found between the four groups tested with all asthmatic groups were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.001). Well controlled group had higher values of FEV1% and FVC% with statistically significant difference between asthmatic patients groups. Sensitivity; specificity, PVP and PVN of IgE level were 100.0%, 96.6%, 98.9% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: IgE level can be considered a good predictor for severity of bronchial asthma.
Broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber based on simple multi-ring structures

Single-layer metallic rings are the effective structure cell which are widely used to design single-band and multiband perfect metamaterial absorbers owning to their electromagnetic resonance. However, the absorbers based on the single-layer metallic rings have a common shortcoming, that is the narrow absorption bandwidth. To overcome the limitations, here we proposed a single-layer, flexible and broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber, which consists of four sub-cells with multiple metal rings and a metal ground plane separated by a dielectric layer. By enhancing the coupling response between adjacent metallic rings and merging the adjacent resonant peaks of multi-resonators, we experimentally observed broadband characteristics at the terahertz band. The average absorption of 88% from 0.63 to 1.34 THz and the relative absorption bandwidth of 95% at the incident angle of 15o for TE polarization. Correspondingly, for TM polarization the absorption of more than 80% from 0.61 to 1.1 THz with the relative absorption bandwidth of 80% were also observed. The results went far beyond the previous single-layer absorbers based on metal rings and were much better than the fractal-cross structure reported recently [Kenney et al., ACS Photonics 4, 2604 (2017)]. We had reason to believe that the presented terahertz metamaterial absorber with broad absorption bandwidth and simple structure can find important applications in communication, stealth, energy harvesting systems and so on.Single-layer metallic rings are the effective structure cell which are widely used to design single-band and multiband perfect metamaterial absorbers owning to their electromagnetic resonance. However, the absorbers based on the single-layer metallic rings have a common shortcoming, that is the narrow absorption bandwidth. To overcome the limitations, here we proposed a single-layer, flexible and broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber, which consists of four sub-cells with multiple metal rings and a metal ground plane separated by a dielectric layer. By enhancing the coupling response between adjacent metallic rings and merging the adjacent resonant peaks of multi-resonators, we experimentally observed broadband characteristics at the terahertz band. The average absorption of 88% from 0.63 to 1.34 THz and the relative absorption bandwidth of 95% at the incident angle of 15o for TE polarization. Correspondingly, for TM polarization the absorption of more than 80% from 0.61 to 1.1 THz with the relative a.
Quaternion analysis of beam multi‐type vibration data for damage detection

In this paper two damage sensitive features (DSF), one baseline dependent (DSF1) and the other one baseline free (DSF2), are proposed based on the Quaternion analysis of the phase trajectory of a beam vibration due to a moving mass. To that end, new Quaternions are constructed with the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the beam mid‐span as the elements of the Quaternion vectors. The new DSFs are obtained based on the concept of the angular velocity of a curve in 3D space characterised by a Quaternion. For the baseline dependent case, the proposed DSF1 needs to be calculated for both intact and damaged beam subjected to the same experiment, whereas in the baseline free case DSF2 data from only the damaged beam are sufficient for damage detection. The performance of the proposed DSFs is compared against another technique introduced in the literature through several examples and Monte Carlo simulations. Both road roughness and 10% measurement noise effects are taken into account in performance evaluation of the proposed DSFs. The results show that the proposed DSFs are more successful in locating damage on a simply supported beam.
Spatial assessment of land degradation using MEDALUS focusing on potential afforestation and reforestation areas in Ethiopia

Ethiopia currently faces severe land degradation and desertification and has attracted increasing attention for international restoration projects. However, selecting appropriate potential afforestation and reforestation areas is challenging because of limited geospatial assessment tools on a national scale. Therefore, the globally used MEDALUS approach was applied to identify areas sensitive to land degradation and desertification, and indices were utilized to establish the main drivers from 2000 to 2019. The value of the environmentally sensitive area index (ESAI) ranged from 1 to 1.58. Addis Ababa, Afar, Somali, and Tigray had relatively high ESAI values, approaching the over 1.42 which regarded critical thresholds. However, the main driver of land degradation and desertification was identified as the management quality index (MQI) and the analysis of relationships indicated that the climate quality index, soil quality index, and MQI caused changes in the vegetation quality index. Increasing housing, agricultural transitions, and urbanization, were identified by on‐site visual interpretation. Even though some land cover changes and fluctuations of the indices existed on a national scale, the deforestation areas in Amhara, Benshangul‐Gumaz, and Oromia West have the highest priority for forest restoration projects. Thus, international attention to afforestation and reforestation clean development mechanism (A/R CDM) and reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) is required to combat desertification and to secure land degradation neutrality in Ethiopia.
Women's Labor Force Exits During COVID-19: Differences by Motherhood, Race, and Ethnicity

In this paper, we study declines in women’s labor force participation by race and ethnicity as well as the presence of children. We find that increases in labor force exits were larger for Black women, Latinas, and women living with children. In particular, we find larger increases in pandemic-era labor force exits among women living with children under age 6 and among lower-earning women living with school-age children after controlling for detailed job and demographic characteristics. Latinas and Black women also had larger increases in labor force exits during the pandemic relative to White women. Differences in the presence of children and household structure explain one-quarter of the excess labor force exits among women of color.
Context-Aware Semantic Annotation of Mobility Records

The wide adoption of mobile devices has provided us with a massive volume of human mobility records. However, a large portion of these records is unlabeled, i.e., only have GPS coordinates without semantic information (e.g., Point of Interest (POI)). To make those unlabeled records associate with more information for further applications, it is of great importance to annotate the original data with POIs information based on the external context. Nevertheless, semantic annotation of mobility records is challenging due to three aspects: the complex relationship among multiple domains of context, the sparsity of mobility records, and difficulties in balancing personal preference and crowd preference. To address these challenges, we propose CAP, a context-aware personalized semantic annotation model, where we use a Bayesian mixture model to model the complex relationship among five domains of context—location, time, POI category, personal preference, and crowd preference. We evaluate our model on two real-world datasets, and demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms by over 11.8%.
Variations in clot phenotype following injury: The MA-R ratio and fragile clots

INTRODUCTION Trauma-induced coagulopathy is a continuum ranging from hypercoagulable to hypercoagulable phenotypes. In single-center studies, the maximum amplitude (MA) to r-time (R) (MA-R) ratio has identified a phenotype of injured patients with high mortality risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between MA-R and mortality using multicenter data and to investigate fibrinogen consumption in the development of this specific coagulopathy phenotype. METHODS Using the Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios data set, patients were divided into blunt and penetrating injury cohorts. MA was divided by R time from admission thromboelastogram to calculate MA-R. MA-R was used to assess odds of early and late mortality using multivariable models. Multivariable models were used to assess thrombogram values in both cohorts. Refinement of the MA-R cut point was performed with Youden index. Repeat multivariable analysis was performed with a binary CRITICAL and NORMAL MA-R. RESULTS In initial analysis, MA-R quartiles were not associated with mortality in the penetrating cohort. In the blunt cohort, there was an association between low MA-R and early and late mortality. A refined cut point of 11 was identified (CRITICAL: MA-R, ≤11; NORMAL: MA-R, >11). CRITICAL MA-R was associated with mortality in both penetrating and blunt subgroups. In further injury subgroup analysis, CRITICAL patients had significantly decreased fibrinogen levels in the blunt subgroup only. In both blunt and penetrating injury, there was no difference in time to initiation of thrombin burst (lagtime). However, both endogenous thrombin potential and peak thrombin levels were significantly lower in CRITICAL patients. CONCLUSIONS MA-R identifies a trauma-induced coagulopathy phenotype characterized in blunt injury by impaired thrombin generation that is associated with early and late mortality. The endotheliopathy and tissue factor release likely plays a role in the cascade of impaired thrombin burst, possible early fibrinogen consumption and the weaker clot identified by MA-R. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic/care management, level II.