Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An observation on support and freshness in nominal sets ( Technical report )

There are two natural ways of excluding an atom a in nominal techniques: we can either consider the sets X such that a is fresh for X , or we can consider the sets X such that a is fresh for every x ∈ X . The statements of ‘being fresh for all the elements of that set’ and ‘being fresh for a set’ are not the same: it is not the case that ∀x ∈ X . a#x if and only if a#X . Both notions encode natural notions of ‘fresh a’. In this paper, it is proved that these notions lead naturally to two categories that are isomorphic, so that in a suitable generalised sense they are the same. The result is mathematically attractive and has an interesting reading: it is equivalent to add a fresh atom to the underlying universe, and to add a symbol to the meta-language referencing a fresh atom. Or to put it slightly differently: we prove the intuitively appealing but non-obvious fact that a fresh atom in the object-level is categorically isomorphic to a fresh atom in the meta-level.
Motion characterization of a relaxor-based single crystals actuator for Na-nomanipulation system

The micro-operation technology is developing rapidly since the miniaturization of the research object and the precision of the operation. As the actuator of micro-operation, the piezoelectric material with the inverse piezoelectric effect has been widely used in this field. A new type of actuator based on piezoelectric single crystals is characterized in this paper, and a set of test system is designed to obtain the displacement of the actuator under different voltage waveforms. The relationship between the induced voltage and output displacement is analyzed. It is found that the dynamic voltage and the output displacement show a good linear relationship, and the hysteresis of the motion is smaller than the traditional piezoelectric ceramics. This good performance of the piezoelectric single crystal actuator is expected to directly use open-loop control, greatly improve the actuator control frequency and accuracy, which can reduce the complexity of the application system.
Vigna mungo ( L . ) HEPPER ] GERMPLASM EVALUATION AT DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PAKISTAN

Mash bean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper], is the third largest pulse crop in Pakistan. Nine advanced breeding lines were compared with two commercial varieties, in order to investigate their potential prior to release as cultivated varieties. A field experiment was conducted in three environments in Punjab, Pakistan, during the 2014 kharif (wet) season. Developmental, morphological and yield traits included time to reach 90% maturity, plant height, the number of branches, grain yield (GY) and its components. GY varied between 778 kg ha-1 (cv. Mash Arooj) and 1005 kg ha-1 (line 11CM-709) in the eleven genotypes, and between 438 and 1667 kg ha-1 in the three environments. The lowland environment (Piplan) was the highest yielding, despite significant water deficit. In each genotype average yield across the three environments, plotted against the regression slope of specific yield vs. average yield in each environment, allowed yield potential and stability to be shown. As a result, five breeding lines exhibited a remarkable yield potential in exchange for low stability, i.e. modest suitability for low yielding environments. The remaining lines yielded as the two commercial varieties with a higher stability across environments. These are good premises for mash bean wider diffusion in the surveyed area.
Syphilis: antibiotic treatment and resistance

SUMMARY Syphilis is a chronic, multi-stage infectious disease that is usually transmitted sexually by contact with an active lesion of a partner or congenitally from an infected pregnant woman to her fetus. Although syphilis is still endemic in many developing countries, it has re-emerged in several developed countries. The resurgence of syphilis is a major concern to global public health, particularly since the lesions of early syphilis increase the risk of acquisition and transmission of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Because there is no vaccine to prevent syphilis, control is mainly dependent on the identification and treatment of infected individuals and their contacts with penicillin G, the first-line drug for all stages of syphilis. The emergence of clinically significant azithromycin resistance in Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, the syphilis agent, has resulted in treatment failures, thus precluding the routine use of this second-line drug. Information is presented here on the diagnosis and recommended antibiotic treatment of syphilis and the challenge of macrolide-resistant T. pallidum.
Selection of Similar Naive T Cell Repertoires but Induction of Distinct T Cell Responses by Native and Modified Antigen1

To study the T cell responses induced by native and modified Ag, we have followed in vivo TCR selection and cytokine profile of T cells, as well as the isotype of induced Abs, in response to the model Ag hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL) and its reduced and carboxymethylated form (RCM-HEL). RCM-HEL induces in vivo a T cell response focused on the same immunodominant determinant characterizing the response to native HEL, but further skewed to the Th1 pathway. No difference between HEL and RCM-HEL could be observed in the efficiency of processing, nor in the type of APCs involved. In vivo experiments show that coimmunization with HEL and RCM-HEL generates distinct Th2 or Th1 responses in naive mice, but the two forms of Ag expand the same HEL-specific public clonotype, characterized by the Vβ8. 2-Jβ1. 5 rearrangement, indicating that the populations of naive T cells activated by the two Ag forms overlap. T cells primed by RCM-HEL are restimulated by soluble HEL in vivo, but divert the phenotype of the HEL-specific response to Th1, implying that priming of naive T cells by a structurally modified Ag can induce Th1-type memory/effector T cells more efficiently than native Ag.
First-order Bogomol ’ ny̆ı vortices on a sphere

We describe the geometric quantisation of a nonrelativistic model of vortex dynamics introduced by Manton. If the vortices are placed on a sphere, the classical phase space is the compact manifold CP with a particular Kähler structure, and its symplectic volume can be related to the dimension of the quantum Hilbert space in a classical limit. Quantum operators corresponding to spatial isometries can be constructed explicitly and they allow for an interpretation of the solitons as interacting bosons.
MOLECULAR CLONING OF THE PHILIPPINE ISOLATE OF BANANA BUNCHY TOP VIRUS ( BBTV )

Coding sequences of three single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) components from the Philippine isolate of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) were cloned. These three viral genomic components encode a replicase protein, a coat protein and movement protein. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was utilized to amplify specific ss DNA sequences using total nucleic acid extracts from banana leaf samples. Using plant transformation vector pB1I21, constructs were made containing each of these three viral genes.
Flower Pollen Extract and its Effect on Atherosclerosis Effect of Pollen Extract on the Development of Experimental Atherosclerosis in Rabbits

The most pronounced reduction in lipid metabolism and in the severity of plaque formation occurred after the pollen extract had been applied. The total cholesterol content in serum and liver homogenate was depressed by 67% and 45%, respectively, while the serum HDL cholesterol and α-lipoproteins level was increased by 19% and from 7.73% to 21.73% respectively. The cytochrome P-450 content in the liver microsomes was elevated by 98% (nmol/ g liver). Atherosclerotic plaque intensity at 12 weeks, measured planimetrically, averaged 85.5% in HFD-fed animals vs 33.7% in pollen extract-treated rabbits. These findings suggest that Cernitin, in addition to significantly lowering serum lipid levels in rabbits on an experimental diet, may modify lipid disposition in major arteries.
andowner willingness to supply marginal land for bioenergy roduction

This study elicits willingness to supply marginal land for biomass cultivation in Southern Lower Michigan. Most of the surveyed landowners are not interested in renting land for bioenergy crop production. Those who are interested offer relatively little land for bioenergy crops, even at rental rates three times current levels. Willing landowners would prefer to grow a significant portion of these crops on cropland rather than non-crop, marginal land. Hence, the area of marginal land that owners are willing to supply for
Effects of Li + transport and intracellular binding on Li + / Mg 2 + competition in bovine chromaffin cells

Li transport, intracellular immobilisation and Li/Mg + competition were studied in Li-loaded bovine chromaffin cells. Li influx rate constants, ki, obtained by atomic absorption (AA) spectrophotometry, in control (without and with ouabain) and depolarising (without and with nitrendipine) conditions, showed that L-type voltage-sensitive Ca + channels have an important role in Li uptake under depolarising conditions. The Li influx apparent rate constant, kiapp, determined under control conditions by Li NMR spectroscopy with the cells immobilised and perfused, was much lower than the AA-determined value for the cells in suspension. Loading of cell suspensions with 15 mmol l 1 LiCl led, within 90 min, to a AA-measured total intracellular Li concentration, [Li]iT = 11.39F 0.56 mmol (l cells) , very close to the steady state value. The intracellular Li T1/T2 ratio of Li NMR relaxation times of the Li-loaded cells reflected a high degree of Li immobilisation in bovine chromaffin cells, similar to neuroblastoma, but larger than for lymphoblastoma and erythrocyte cells. A 52% increase in the intracellular free Mg + concentration, D[Mg ]f = 0.27F 0.05 mmol (l cells) 1 was measured for chromaffin cells loaded with the Mg -specific fluorescent probe furaptra, after 90-min loading with 15 mmol l 1 LiCl, using fluorescence spectroscopy, indicating significant displacement of Mg + by Li from its intracellular binding sites. Comparison with other cell types showed that the extent of intracellular Li/Mg + competition at the same Li loading level depends on intracellular Li transport and immobilisation in a cell-specific manner, being maximal for neuroblastoma cells. D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Number : 1661 Title : Mechanical Properties of Graphene Nanoplatelet / Carbon Fiber / Epoxy Hybrid Composites : Multiscale Modeling and Experiments

Because of the relatively high specific mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composite materials, they are often used as structural components in aerospace applications. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) can be added to the epoxy matrix to improve the overall mechanical properties of the composite. The resulting GNP/carbon fiber/epoxy hybrid composites have been studied using multiscale modeling to determine the influence of GNP volume fraction, epoxy crosslink density, and GNP dispersion on the mechanical performance. The hierarchical multiscale modeling approach developed herein includes Molecular Dynamics (MD) and micromechanical modeling, and it is validated with experimental testing of the same hybrid composite material system. The results indicate that the multiscale modeling approach is accurate and provides physical insight into the composite mechanical behavior. Also, the results quantify the substantial impact of GNP volume fraction and dispersion on the transverse mechanical properties of the hybrid composite, while the effect on the axial properties is shown to be insignificant.
Development and Application of Geospace Environment Simulator for the Analysis of Spacecraft&#8211;Plasma Interactions

Space development has been rapidly increasing, and a strong demand should arise regarding the understanding of the spacecraft-plasma interactions, which is one of the very important issues associated with the human activities in space. To evaluate the spacecraft-plasma interactions including plasma kinetics, transient process, and electromagnetic field variation, the authors have started to develop a numerical plasma chamber called Geospace Environment Simulator (GES) by making the most use of the conventional full particle-in-cell plasma simulations. For the development of a proto model of GES, the authors have used the Earth Simulator, which is one of the fastest supercomputers in the world. GES can be regarded as a numerical chamber in which space experiments can be virtually performed and temporal and spatial evolutions of spacecraft-plasma interactions can be analyzed. In this paper, the authors have briefly introduced GES in terms of its concept, modeling, and research targets. As one of the research topics of GES, the authors have investigated the impedance variation of electric field antenna onboard scientific satellites in the photoelectron environment in space. From the preliminary simulation results, the large change of reactance of the antenna impedance below the characteristic frequency corresponding to the local plasma frequency determined by the photoelectron density could be confirmed
Detection of a Broad Range of Class I and II Newcastle Disease Viruses Using a Multiplex Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

Prompt detection of virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is challenging because of the broad genetic variability across 2 clades comprising 18 recognized genotypes. A large proportion of class I low virulence ND viruses recently identified in samples recovered from wild birds and from poultry in live bird markets are not detected by the validated real-time RT-PCR assay that targets the matrix gene (M-gene assay). This study describes the identification and sequencing of a conserved region from the polymerase gene of class I NDV and the design and evaluation of a real-time RT-PCR assay (L-TET assay) that identifies a broad range of NDV, demonstrates a 10-fold increase in sensitivity over a previously reported L-gene assay, and works in conjunction with the existing M-gene assay using the same protocol. The L-TET assay detects ≤1 fg of homologous transcribed RNA from genotypes 5, 7, and 8 of class I, and from class II genotype II in either single- or multiplex format. Differential detection of mixed class I and II viruses down to 100 fg is possible because L-TET uses an alternate fluorophore from the M-gene assay. The multiplexed assay is capable of detecting a broad range of class I and II ND viruses with <1 threshold cycle decrease in sensitivity compared to the single probe. A total of 140 class I (n = 108, genotypes 1–2 and 4–9) and class II (n = 32, genotypes I–VII) were correctly identified by both the single- and multiplex formats.
Dielectric and Structural Analysis of Barium Titanate Nanoparticles Prepared by Nano Ball Milling Technique

BaTiO3 (BTO) is considered as a promising material because of its various electronic applications such as in multilayer ceramic capacitor, PTC–thermistors, piezoelectric transducers, sensors, dynamic RAM, MEMS, optical modulators and electromechanical devices (Ramakanth et al 2015, Tsivadze et al. 2016). The influence of nano ball milling frequency on the structural and dielectric properties of BTO samples prepared by solid-state reaction have been investigated. The BTO samples are prepared with different milling frequency ranging from 0 to 30 Hz. The samples are characterized by x-ray diffraction and dielectric measurement apparatus. XRD analysis shows that samples have pure tetragonal structure. Lattice parameters and grain size are calculated using data received from XRD analysis and it is observed that milling frequency has pronounced effect on crystallite size. Frequency dependent dielectric is determined for all samples. Increased dielectric constant at low frequencies is observed for all the samples.
Optimization of the environmental and physiological factors affecting microbial caffeine degradation and its application in caffeinated products

Ten bacterial isolates were tested for their ability to utilize caffeine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen source. The isolates identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri Gr 21 ZF showed 59% of 1.2 g/l caffeine degradation in 24 hrs when caffeine was used as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen source. In this study, the physical parameters viz, incubaton time, temperature, culture volume, inoculums size and pH were carried out to select a suitable conditions that lead to maximum caffeine degradation. The optimum values were found to be 48hrs, 50 ml, 3ml and 7 respectively. In the presence of sucrose (5g/l), 80.1 % degradation of caffeine was achieved in 48 hrs. The addition of inorganic source NH4Cl2 and KNO3 increase the caffeine degradation to 80.2% and 86% respectively. The critical medium components viz: Na2HPO4, KH2PO4, caffeine, sucrose, MgSO4.7H2O, CaCl2, Fe affecting the caffeine degradation were determined by PlackettBurman design. The optimum concentration that lead to 99.07% of caffeine degradation with 10% of crude enzyme were found to be 0.2 g/l; 2.6 g/l; 0.3g/l; 0.6 g/l; 10 g/l; 5g/l and 0.02% respectively
Hikayat Sang Kancil and Buaya: an Interactive Animation

This research attempts to provide a platform to help sustain Malay folklore that is forgotten over time. Thus, an interactive 2D animation about the Tale of Mousedeer and Crocodile or ‘Hikayat Sang Kancil & Buaya’ was proposed as a new alternative of folklore storytelling to enhance user experience. There are three main objectives in this study. Firstly, to identify the main factors contributing to the abandoning of the Malay folklore. Secondly, to analyse the existing tools and media available related to sustaining Malay folklore. Lastly, to design an interactive animation to help sustain Malay folklore by adapting it into the modern world through technology. The research methods used in this research were both qualitative and quantitative, to help obtain information, opinions, and ideas related to the research from the view of professionals from various backgrounds. The technology used is motion sensor technology using Leap Motion Controller to enable the interactivity between the animation and the user. The outcomes from this study shows that the respondents enjoy this new platform for Malay folklore storytelling. As a conclusion, this research helps to sustain the Malay folklore from the being swallowed by the modernization.
PREDICTING EMPLOYEE ATTRITION THROUGH DATA MINING

The purpose of this study is to investigate individual employee characteristics and organizational variables that may lead to employee attrition. Two classification methods used to develop models for predicting employee attrition. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model predicted the employee attrition more accurately (85.33%) than Decision Tree (C&R Tree) model (80.89%). However, the findings of this study in terms of important predicting variables are different from previous studies.
INVESTIGATIONS OF SOFT TISSUE FUNCTIONS IN FLUOROTIC INDIVIDUALS OF NORTH GUJARAT

The present study was undertaken to investigate the various health problems caused by water-borne fluoride in endemic villages of Mehsana and Banaskantha districts of Gujarat. The study revealed high levels of fluoride in serum samples of the villagers. Mottling of teeth and skeletal complications were common. Intake of fluoride caused a decrease in haemoglobin content and in the serum protein levels. Serum cholesterol levels were normal. Circulating levels of testosterone were decreased, but not significantly enough to indicate an effect on reproductive functions. The enhanced levels of serum transaminases, which are markers for liver function, indicated structural and functional changes in liver due to fluoride intake. Changes in the serum calcium, sodium and potassium levels revealed electrolyte imbalance in the fluorotic individuals. While levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and triiodothyronine (T3) did not vary, • a significant increase in the thyroxine (T 4) levels suggested alteration in thyroid function. Thus the study revealed some harmful effects of fluoride in the soft tissue functions of the endemic population.
Recognition of Semi-Arid Vegetation Types Based on MISR Multi-Angular Observations and Surface Anisotropy Patterns Inversed by Bidirectional Reflectance Models

Mapping accurately community type is one of main challenges for monitoring semi-arid grasslands with remote sensing. Multi-angle approach has been proved useful for mapping vegetation types in desert. Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MISR) provides 4 spectral bands and 9 angular observations. In this paper, several classification experiments were done to find the optimal combination of MISR multi-angular observations to mine the information carried by MISR data as effective as possible. The experiments show the following findings: 1)The combination of MISR 4 spectral bands nadir observation and red and near infrared bands C, B, A camera observations can obtain the best vegetation type differentiation at community level in New Mexico desert. 2)The k parameter at red band of Martonchik-RahmanPinty-Verstraete (MRPV) model and the structural scattering index (SSI) can bring additional useful information to land cover classification. 3)The information carried by the two parameters, however, is less than that carried by surface anisotropy patterns described by the MRPV model and a linear semi-empirical kernel-driven bidirectional reflectance distribution function model, RossThick-LiSparse-Reciprocal model. These experiments prove that multi-angular data raises the classification accuracy from 45.4% of nadir observation to 60.9%, and with surface anisotropy patterns derived from MRPV and RossThick-LiSparse-Reciprocal accuracy 67.5% can be obtained when maximum likelihood algorithms are used. Support vector machine algorithms can raise the classification accuracy to 76.7%. This research suggests that multi-angular observations, surface anisotropy patterns and SVM algorithms can improve semi-arid vegetation type differentiation remarkably.
Non-Photorealistic rendering : pencil drawings effect

In this article we are going to present and discuss a simple and effective approach to render pencil drawing effect. We introduce a couple of methods, one that render the image in grayscaled colors, while the other that also render colors. The main idea was taken from two articles, but on that basis we came up with some new ideas that improve the approach described. Thanks, to our ideas it is possible to render in a better way the colors of the image filtered, and at the same time we can reach a more blurred effect. Thus, the general user perception is than improved and with our filters it is possible to render different interesting NPR effects.
Deep Ensemble Tracking

In this letter, we cast visual tracking as a template matching problem in a Siamese deep convolutional neural network architecture. In contrast to traditional or other deep feature-based tracking methods, the proposed model exploits multilevel convolutional features from a partial view. The model matches candidate patch and template patch from the feature dimension of convolutional features, leading to hundreds of thousands of base matchers. The base matchers from low-level convolutional features have small receptive fields which contain partial details of targets while the base matchers from high-level convolutional features have big receptive fields which capture semantic information of targets. The model achieves the final strong matcher as a weighted ensemble of all the base matchers. We design an effective weights propagation strategy to update the weights of base matchers. Moreover, we propose to use Cosine as the distance metric and a customized squared-loss function as cost function for robust. Experiments show that our tracker outperforms the state-of-the-art trackers in a wide range of tracking scenarios.