Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climate vs grapevine pests and diseases worldwide: the first results of a global survey

Aim: This paper aimed to address the relationship between grapevine disease, pest occurrences and climate. The extremely large extension of viticulture worldwide offers the possibility to evaluate the impacts of climate variability on many aspects of the grape growing system. For this, we initiated a global survey to retrieve the most important diseases and pests in many grape growing regions worldwide and to identify the risk of exposure to pests and diseases of viticulture as a function of climate.Methods and results: Based on the answer of respondent about the main reported diseases/pests in their region, a severity index was calculated. Each region was geolocalised and data were compared to the WorldClim gridded climate database to document the range of climate conditions (growing season temperature and rainfall) associated to the main diseases/pests. The potential climatic-induced changes of grapevine disease and pest geography by 2050 are assessed using agro-climate projections from the ARPEGE CNRM model, using the RCP 4.5 scenario. The preliminary results allow to determine the distribution of diseases as function of agroclimatic indicators.Conclusion: While the distribution of diseases differs according to the region of the world, the current analysis suggests that mildews remain the major phytosanitary threat in most of the regions. Powdery mildew, trunk diseases and viruses were reported in extremely diverse climatic conditions, including intermediate and wet regions. Significance and impact of the study: This paper present an original methodology to address the relationship between grapevine disease and pest occurrences and climate. Such documentation is scarce in the current literature. Further analysis is currently being performed, including additional survey answers, climate indices and supplementary data collected (spatial extension, frequency of treatments…) to better depict the challenges of grapevine phytosanitary management in a changing climate.
Hypothalamic AGRP mRNA is elevated during natural and stress-induced 2 anorexia . 3 4

23 24 25 Animals can undergo periods of voluntarily reduced food intake and body weight or “animal 26 anorexias” as part of their natural lives that are beneficial for survival or breeding such as during 27 territorial behaviour, hibernation, migration and incubation of eggs. For incubation, a change in the 28 defended level of body weight or “sliding set point” appears to be involved but the neural mechanisms 29 are unknown. We investigated how neuropeptide gene expression in the arcuate nucleus of the 30 domestic chicken responded to a 60-70% voluntary reduction in food intake measured both after 31 incubation and after an environmental stressor involving transfer to unfamiliar housing. We 32 hypothesized that gene expression would not change in these circumstances because the reduced food 33 intake and body weight represented a defended level in birds with free access to food. Unexpectedly, 34 we observed increased gene expression of the orexigenic peptide AGRP in both incubating and 35 transferred animals compared to controls. Also POMC mRNA was higher in incubating hens and 36 significantly increased six days after exposure to the stressor. Conversely NPY and CART gene 37 expression were unchanged in both experimental situations. We conclude that AGRP expression 38 remains sensitive to the level of energy stores during natural anorexias, which is of adaptive 39 advantage, but that its normal orexigenic effects are overridden by inhibitory signals. In the case of 40 stress-induced anorexia, increased POMC may contribute to this inhibitory role whereas, for 41 incubation, reduced feeding may also be associated with increased expression in the hypothalamus of 42 the anorexigenic peptide VIP. 43
A characterization of ACM 0-dimensional schemes in Q.

Let X ⊂ Q = P ^1 × P ^1 be a reduced 0-dimensional subscheme of the quadric Q and let P ∈ X be any point. Using the separating degree of P for X we give a sufficient condition so that X is ACM. This result, together with the previous ones (see [9]) gives a new characterization of ACM 0-dimensional schemes of Q by using separators.
Divergent and narrower climatic niches characterize polyploid species of European primroses in Primula sect. Aleuritia

It is hypothesized that the ecological niches of polyploids should be both distinct and broader than those of diploids – characteristics that might have allowed the successful colonization of open habitats by polyploids during the Pleistocene glacial cycles. Here, we test these hypotheses by quantifying and comparing the ecological niches and niche breadths of a group of European primroses.
A Hybrid Intelligent Search Algorithm for Automatic Test Data Generation

The increasing complexity of large-scale real-world programs necessitates the automation of software testing. As a basic problem in software testing, the automation of path-wise test data generation is especially important, which is in essence a constraint optimization problem solved by search strategies. Therefore, the constraint processing efficiency of the selected search algorithm is a key factor. Aiming at the increase of search efficiency, a hybrid intelligent algorithm is proposed to efficiently search the solution space of potential test data by making full use of both global and local search methods. Branch and bound is adopted for global search, which gives definite results with relatively less cost. In the search procedure for each variable, hill climbing is adopted for local search, which is enhanced with the initial values selected heuristically based on the monotonicity analysis of branching conditions. They are highly integrated by an efficient ordering method and the backtracking operation. In order to facilitate the search methods, the solution space is represented as state space. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperformed some other methods used in test data generation. The heuristic initial value selection strategy improves the search efficiency greatly and makes the search basically backtrack-free. The results also demonstrate that the proposed method is applicable in engineering.
BLDC Motor Speed Control Using Co-Simulation Of Multisim and Labview

: Brushless dc motor is finding various applications in the present day scenario. They have improved efficiency, higher speed, better torque speed characteristics and faster dynamic response when compared with the traditional motors. In this paper, a controller is developed based on co-simulation of multi sim and lab view and is presented for low cost brushless dc motor drive with low-resolution hall sensors. The driver circuit is made using a low cost MOSFET gate driver IC in multi sim and the controller is developed in lab view. A hall sensor is usually used to commutate the BLDC motor and the hall sensor output is used as the gate pulse for the six pulse inverter. The effectiveness of the design was verified through co-simulation.
Are the landscape-level drivers of water column and surface sediment diatoms different?

SUMMARY 1. Threats to biodiversity are fostering new collaboration between aquatic ecologists and palaeolimnologists, who have traditionally asked ecological questions on different time scales. While the differences between surface sediment and water column or snapshot sampling are well understood, less so are the consequences of comparing the predominant drivers of aquatic assemblages resulting from these two types of sampling. 2. Using diatom data from the 2007 USEPA National Lakes Assessment (NLA) program (468 lakes), we compared the main environmental and spatial drivers of diatom community composition between samples derived from the water column and surface sediments. We hypothesised that, in explaining community variation across the conterminous United States, the effect of environment would be stronger in diatom assemblages preserved in surface sediments because of the inclusion of benthic members and temporal integration. We used a combination of ordination overlays and variation partitioning to examine differences in community drivers between palaeolimnological (surface sediment) and water column sampling. 3. We found that these two types of sampling were significantly correlated with respect to the drivers of community composition in addition to having congruent patterns of ordination. Congruency between sampling methods further increased when the water column data were temporally integrated and may be explained by variation in seasonally dynamic taxa. 4. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has tested for differences in environmental structuring patterns between palaeolimnological and water column samples using such a highly replicated and landscape-level approach. On the basis of our results, we encourage ecologists to consider the joint analysis of these two types of data sets where data are available.
Critical Wess-Zumino models with four supercharges in the functional renormalization group approach

We analyze the $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric Wess-Zumino model dimensionally reduced to the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric model in three Euclidean dimensions. As in the original model in four dimensions and the $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ model in two dimensions the superpotential is not renormalized. This property puts severe constraints on the non-trivial fixed-point solutions, which are studied in detail. We admit a field-dependent wave function renormalization that in a geometric language relates to a K\"ahler metric. The K\"ahler metric is not protected by supersymmetry and we calculate its explicit form at the fixed point. In addition we determine the exact quantum dimension of the chiral superfield and several critical exponents of interest, including the correction-to-scaling exponent $\omega$, within the functional renormalization group approach. We compare the results obtained at different levels of truncation, exploring also a momentum-dependent wave function renormalization. Finally we briefly describe a tower of multicritical models in continuous dimensions.
Oil from seeds of various grape cultivars grown in Southern Poland and its antioxidant properties

In Poland seeds from grape are a waste product that is not used as a source of valuable substances for humans. The main aim of this study was to obtain and analyze the oil from the seeds of seven grape cultivars from the Garlicki Lamus vineyard located in Garlica Murowana (near Krakow, Poland, coordinates: 19o56’E, 50o08’N). Our work is presenting estimation of the percentage content of oil and fatty acid composition derived from cultivars of grape seed (Leon Millot, Jutrzenka, Bianca, Regent, Seyval Blanc, Marechal Foch, Sibera). In samples the following fatty acids have been determined: C18:2 from 76.69 % (Bianca) to 81.33 % (Marechal Foch), C18:1 from 10.67 % (Marechal Foch) to 14.15 % (Sibera), C16:0 – from 5.05 % (Seyval Blanc) to 7.40 % (Bianca), C18:0 (stearic acid) from 2.10 % (Sibera) to 3.16 % (Seyval Blanc). On the other hand, the lowest concentration was found for C18:3, the presence of which in measurable amounts was found in four of the seven analyzed vine varieties (Bianca, Regent, Seyval Blanc, Sibera). Also the percentage of the oil obtained from the seeds of the analyzed samples was measured. The maximal concentration of oil was obtained for Sibera (12.70 ± 0.88 %) cultivar and the smallest for Marechal Foch (6.48 ± 0.49 %). Seeds obtained from grape pomace can provide excellent raw material for the oil, which can be used in many branches of industry. Extracts from the oil were tested for the content of total polyphenols level from 34.7mg·l -1 (Marechal Foch) to 85.1 mg·l -1 (Seyval Blanc) and total antioxidant status, which was determined by the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method from 19.72 μmolFe 2+ · l -1 (Marechal Foch) to 817.64 μmolFe 2+ · l -1 (Sibera). In addition, antioxidant capacity was measured, using the method of reduction of DPPH radical reduction. The lowest activity was measured for Regent (4.65 %) and the highest for Marechal Foch (11.62 %). There has also been strong antioxidant potential for two of the seven studied grape seed cultivars – Seyval Blanc and Sibera.
Multiday haze in the East Asia: Transport and chemical aging of hygroscopic particles

Abstract. East Asian countries (Korea and China) have been experiencing exceedingly high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) that threatens health and potentially alters climate. However, the formation of East Asian PM is poorly understood. Furthermore, during the winter high PM concentrations at Seoul, Korea often occurs via the combination of the transport of Chinese haze through the prevailing Westerlies and the local formation at Seoul, and this complicates the PM formation. A severe multiday haze event occurred at Seoul during February 24–28, 2014, and the synoptic meteorological conditions suggest the combination the transport and the local formation (Seo et al., 2017). PM at Seoul and Deokjeok Island during this haze period was sampled and analyzed. Deokjeok Island provides background for Seoul PM since it is upwind and emission free. We hypothesize that transported PM from China (PM at Deokjeok Island) is hygroscopic (thus contains water due to high RH) and undergoes multiphase photochemical aging at Seoul. To validate our hypothesis, we conducted smog chamber experiments. In a humid smog chamber, photochemistry of NOx initiates hygroscopic growth of particles and aerosol liquid water in turn facilitates aqueous chemistry forming organonitrates and oligomers. This multiphase chemistry provides chemical insights of chemical aging during a haze event in East Asia. NOx effects on photochemical aging of particles are substantial. Even a few ppb of NOx form nitrates in aerosol liquid water, and acidify neutral particles. NOx reduction is not likely to be an effective strategy for nitrate- and acidity-related health.
Rationality Analysis for ARIMA Forecasts

This study is made to evaluate forecast efficiency by applying Rationality criterion for food price inflation, consumer price index general, GDP per capita and Money supply forecasts of Pakistan. It is therefore designed to analyze forecasting efficiency by using thirty three years annual data covering the period 1975 to 2008. We obtained forecasts from ARIMA(Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average) model specification and select the most accurate forecast on the basis of well known forecasting accuracy techniques that are Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Theil’s Inequality Coefficient (TIC). Later on these forecasts are evaluated on the basis of rationality criterion. We found food price forecast are consistent, efficient and fulfilling the criteria given of weak and strong rationality, therefore they are reliable and correct to be used in policymaking and management decision where as other forecasts obtained are not passing all the criteria given except money supply. Keywords: Food price Forecasts, Weak rationality, strong rationality, ARIMA forecasts
Increasing English Communicative Competence through Online English Conversation Blended e-Learning

 Abstract—In the field of increasing communicative competence in ESL (English as a Second Language) studies, practice with native speakers of English is ideal, but it is typically impractical for a variety of reasons in a University setting in Japan. However, for some time commercial English online conversation services have been used successfully by Japanese businesses in preparing staff for working in English speaking environments. This paper outlines the initial results of a university in Nagasaki making use of a similar online service as part of an ESL course in a blended e-learning format. The online course required students to make appointments with the online service staff at times mutually convenient. The service consisted of one 25-minute lesson per one or two days. Initial observations by teaching staff noted increasingly high average levels of communicative competence in the pilot course students, and formal interviews confirmed this. Furthermore, resulting overall English grades were found to correlate closer to "time spent conversing in English online" than to "student initial pre-course scores. " A survey of the pilot course students was taken and the results are outlined in the paper. Student feedback uncovered a wide variety of problems ranging from lesson booking logistics, personal teacher preferences, and connection (Skype) problems; however, most comments were very positive regarding how they enjoyed speaking online in this blended e-learning environment. Increased motivation and a sense of making progress in being able to communicate better and with increased confidence in English were also commonly cited.
PIVOTAL TEMPERATURE FOR GREEN SEA TURTLES , CHELONIA MYDAS , NESTING IN SURINAME

In many different reptile species, the direction of sexual differentiation is determined by temperature (Shine, 1999). This phenomenon is known as temperature dependent sex determination (TSD) and is often characterized by a pivotal temperature, which is the constant temperature producing equal numbers of each sex, and a transitional range of temperatures or TRT, which consists of those incubation temperatures that produce both sexes (Mrosovsky & Pieau, 1991). The TRT usually spans only a few degrees Celcius, and for incubation temperatures above and below this, all offspring produced are of one sex. All sea turtle species exhibit TSD (Wibbels, 2003). Unfortunately, it is not easy to obtain specific information on pivotal temperatures of sea turtle populations. The expense of precise incubators, the complications of collecting and transporting sea turtle eggs from nesting beaches to laboratory incubators, the labour intensive histology required to classify sex definitively, and the logistical challenge of obtaining permits are some of the disincentives to undertaking a sea turtle pivotal temperature research project. Indeed, despite the discovery of TSD in sea turtles 25 years ago (Yntema & Mrosovsky, 1979), relatively few direct data have been published on pivotal temperatures or TRT for these species (Wibbels, 2003). Nevertheless, there is a need for more information on pivotal temperatures in sea turtles for a variety of reasons. For instance, there is no validated non-lethal method for classifying the sex of sea turtle hatchlings. Therefore, the sex ratios of offspring produced at a specific sea turtle nesting beach are often derived indirectly by comparing nest temperatures in the field with pivotal temperatures from the laboratory (Baptistotte et al., MATTHEW H. GODFREY1,2 AND N. MROSOVSKY1
Health Related Quality of Life : a cross sectional study of Italian community-dwelling older adults /

The aims o f this study were to investigate the relationship between individual characteristics and HRQOL, and to identify which components o f physical frailty measured according to Fried's criteria provided a better explanation o f HRQOL. Two hundred and fifty-nine older adults (age 74 ± 6 years; 69% were women) living in Piemonte Region were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Socio-demographic and medical characteristics were captured by self-reported questionnaires. Physical frailty was assessed using the five criteria of Fried: shrinking, weakness, poor endurance and energy, slowness, and low physical activity level. HRQOL was measured with the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), using both the mental (MCS) and the Physical Component Summary (PCS). Among individual characteristics, gender was the best predictor for SF-36, the MCS, and the PCS, with values of o f 12.7%, 12.1%, and 8.8%, respectively. Among the five Fried’s criteria, poor endurance and energy had the largest effect on HRQOL with values o f AR^ o f 13.9% for SF-36,13.4% for the MCS, and 9.4% for the PCS. Results highlighted the role of the individual characteristics and the single weight of the five components of physical frailty on HRQOL. This knowledge may give new insights about the relations between individual functioning and self-rated health, allowing the development o f individualized and more effective preventive interventions for a healthy aging.
: In a rush to permanency: preventing adoption disruption

Since the late 1990s, US, UK and Canadian policy have increasingly focused on improving permanency outcomes for looked-after children. Although the ideal permanency outcome of reuniﬁcation is attained for about half of the children entering out-of-home care, an increasing number of children are adopted each year. The vast majority of adoptions are stable and secure, but concerns about adoption disruption haunt child welfare workers when making this important permanency decision. Despite a variety of deﬁnitions employed in the literature, adoption disruption is a general term used to describe the failure or breakdown of an adoptive child’s placement. Studies dating back to the 1970s have reported adoption disruption rates and the characteristics associated with those involved in such cases. This paper reviews available research, principally from the United States, and offers possible explanations for the wide range of reported disruption rates in the literature. After reviewing the research, practice implications for improving adoption outcomes and suggestions for future research are presented.
The Alcoholic Habitus: A Socio-Anthropological Eye on Alcoholism

A pioneering study was conducted at the Center for Chemical Dependency of the Brazilian Navy. The method used was an ethnographic study, with participant observation, to investigate the influence of this institution in the construction of patients? alcoholism. Sampling, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data were conducted in a circular manner. In this article, we present one of the main results of the research, the relevance of the socio-anthropological eye on alcoholism: the alcoholic habitus. It refers to internalized patterns of behaviors, attitudes, and thoughts associated to ways of drinking, mainly collectively. It could be seen that drinking on board is a learned naval tradition, disseminated by beliefs and myths in favor of the presence of alcohol during the work journey. In conclusion, although the results cannot be generalized to other groups, they should motivate further investigations concerning alcoholism in other institutions, mostly to implement protective measures on behalf of the workers and the organization.
Implementation of a flipped classroom: Nursing students’ perspectives

The need to update nursing curriculum has prompted the development of new pedagogies designed to engage students and help them develop clinical reasoning skills. This descriptive phenomenological study explored student experiences of “flipping the classroom” in two Medical/Surgical courses. “Flipping the classroom” is in contrast to a traditional class where lecture is given in class and assignments are sent as homework. Instead, with the flipped classroom, lecture is sent as homework and class time is devoted to active learning assignments. By making the lecture available to students outside of the classroom, class time can then be spent on innovative learning activities designed to engage the students in actively learning the lecture material. The flipped classroom can enhance the learning experiences of nursing students in Medical/Surgical courses; however, there are challenges related to this transformative process. The shift from a traditional, passive learning approach to a non-traditional active learning method is discussed through the lived experience of students as recipients of this innovative teaching strategy.