Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intermittent behavior in the brain neuronal network in the perception of ambiguous images

Characteristics of intermittency during the perception of ambiguous images have been studied in the case the Necker cube image has been used as a bistable object for demonstration in the experiments, with EEG being simultaneously measured. Distributions of time interval lengths corresponding to the left-oriented and right-oriented Necker cube perception have been obtain. EEG data have been analyzed using continuous wavelet transform which was shown that the destruction of alpha rhythm with accompanying generation of high frequency oscillations can serve as a electroencephalographical marker of Necker cube recognition process in human brain.
Isolated and non-isolated dwarfs in terms of modified Newtonian dynamics

Within the framework of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND), we investigate the kinematics of two dwarf spiral galaxies belonging to very different environments, namely KK 246 in the Local Void and Holmberg II in the M 81 group. A mass model of the rotation curve of KK 246 is presented for the first time, and we show that its observed kinematics are consistent with MOND. We re-derive the outer rotation curve of Holmberg II, by modelling its HI data cube, and find that its inclination should be closer to face-on than previously derived. This implies that Holmberg II has a higher rotation velocity in its outer parts, which, although not very precisely constrained, is consistent with the MOND prediction.
A ray tracing algorithm for microcellular wideband propagation modelling

In this paper a 3-D 'image-based' ray tracing algorithm for microcellular environments is presented. The model is capable of predicting wideband as well as narrowband propagation information. To demonstrate the viability of this approach, predictions are generated using a two dimensional building database for the centre of Bristol. These results are then compared with practical wideband measurements.
Diatom δ18O evidence for the development of the modern halocline system in the subarctic northwest Pacific at the onset of major Northern Hemisphere glaciation

Establishing a time frame for the development of the modern halocline and stratified water column in the subarctic North Pacific has significant paleoclimatic implications. Here we present a d18O(diatom) record consisting of only two species that represents autumn/winter conditions in the region across the onset of major Northern Hemisphere glaciation boundary. At circa 2.73 Ma a decrease in d18O(diatom) of 4.6% occurs, whereas previously published d18O(foram) results show a 2.6% increase. The d18O(diatom) and Uk37 sea surface reconstructions indicate both a significant freshening of 2–4 practical salinity units and an increase in surface temperatures in the summer to early winter period from circa 2.73 Ma onward. In contrast, the concomitant increase in d18O(foram) is likely to be reflective of conditions beneath the mesothermal structure and/or spring conditions when warmer sea surface temperatures are not present in the region. These results are consistent with the development of the modern halocline system at 2.73 Ma with year-round stratification of the water column and a strengthened seasonal thermocline during the summer to early winter period, resulting in one of the largest summer to winter temperature gradients in the open ocean. The onset of stratification would also have led to a warm pool of surface water from circa 2.73 Ma, which may have provided a potential source of extra moisture needed to supply the growing North American ice sheets at this time.
Statut du lynx en Valais quatre décennies après son retour : suivi au moyen de pièges photographiques

Le statut actuel du lynx en Valais a fait l’objet d’un suivi durant quatre hivers ( 2011–2015 ) au moyen de pieges photographiques repartis sur l’ensemble du territoire cantonal. Les resultats montrent une distribution spatiale tres heterogene du felin. La densite la plus elevee est atteinte dans la partie nord-ouest du canton – a proximite des populations sources supposees ( Prealpes vaudoises ) –, alors qu’elle est tres faible dans le reste des Alpes bernoises, et plonge litteralement dans les Alpes pennines et le Chablais, soit au Sud du Rhone. La densite parait aussi anormalement basse en comparaison de ce qui est observe ailleurs dans les Alpes suisses et a ce qui prevalait au sud du Rhone dans les annees 1980. Quatre hypotheses sont invoquees pour expliquer le statut actuel precaire du lynx en Valais. L’existence d’un braconnage rampant semble cependant le facteur le plus plausible. Sans enquetes penales serieuses et poursuite systematique des actes delictueux, l’etablissement stable du lynx en Valais parait compromis.
Custos de produção de suínos em países selecionados, 2014.

O objetivo deste texto e apresentar de forma comparada os custos de producao de suinos em paises selecionados, no ano de 2013, a partir da metodologia proposta por especialistas de 15 paises reunidos em uma rede denominada InterPIG. Os resultados estao disponiveis na Central de Inteligencia de Aves e Suinos (CIAS2).
Helicity transfer in turbulent models

Helicity transfer in a shell model of turbulence is investigated. We show that a Reynolds-independent helicity flux is present in the model when the large scale forcing breaks inversion symmetry. The equivalent in shell models of the "2/15 law," obtained from helicity conservation in Navier-Stokes equations, is derived and tested. The odd part of the helicity flux statistics is found to be dominated by a few very intense events. In a particular model, we calculate analytically leading and subleading contributions to the scaling of triple velocity correlation.
The Chromatin-looping Factor ZNF143 is Genetically Altered and Promotes the Oestrogen Response in Breast Cancer

II ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . III TABLE OF CONTENTS . IV INTRODUCTION . 1 1 METHODS . 5 2 RESULTS . 9 3 3.1 ZNF143 BINDING OCCURS PRINCIPALLY AT PROMOTERS, INCLUDING AT THE MAJORITY OF THOSE OCCUPIED BY ESR1 9 3.2 ZNF143 DIRECTLY REGULATES OESTROGEN-TARGET GENE TRANSCRIPTION IN ESR1-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER CELLS 12 3.3 GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN CHROMATIN LOOPING FACTORS ARE FREQUENTLY OCCURRING AND TEND TOWARDS MUTUAL EXCLUSIVITY . 15 3.4 DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION OF THE CHROMATIN LOOPING MACHINERY IS CLINICALLY RELEVANT AND RELATES TO GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN BREAST CANCER . 17 DISCUSSION & FUTURE DIRECTIONS . 20 4 5 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES & FIGURES . 24 5.1 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES . 24 Supplementary Table 1: E2-regulated genes in MCF-7 cells . 24 Supplementary Table 2: GSEA analysis of genes down-regulated upon ZNF143 depletion under E2 stimulation . 26 Supplementary Table 3: Genetic alterations tend towards mutual exclusivity (TCGA 2012) . 27 Supplementary Table 4: Genetic alterations tend towards mutual exclusivity (TCGA Provisional Data Set) . 28 Supplementary Table 5: Fold Change mRNA Expression upon Genetic Alteration of Chromatin Looping Factors (TCGA Provisional Data Set) . 29 Supplementary Table 6: Genetic alterations tend towards mutual exclusivity in lung squamous cell carcinoma (TCGA, Provisional) . 30
Semi-Analytical Solutions of the 3-D Homogeneous Helmholtz Equation by the Method of Connected Local Fields

We advance the theory of the two-dimensional method of connected local flelds (CLF) to the three-dimensional cases. CLF is suitable for obtaining semi-analytical solutions of Helmholtz equation. The fundamental building block (cell) of the 3-D CLF is a cube consisting of a central point and twenty six points on the cube's surface. These surface points form three symmetry groups: six on the planar faces, twelve on the edges and eight on the vertices (corners). The local fleld within the unit cell is expanded in a truncated spherical Fourier- Bessel series. From this representation we develop a closed-form, 3D local fleld expansion (LFE) coe-cients that relate the central point to its immediate neighbors. We also compute the CLF-based FD-FD numerical solutions of the 3D Green's function in free space. Compared with the analytic solution, we found that even at a low three points per wavelength spatial sampling, the accumulated phase errors of the CLF 3D Green's function after propagating a distance of ten wavelengths are well under ten percent.
Coherence and the spatial distribution of intensity

We address the following problem: Can two wave fields with different coherence properties produce the same optical intensity everywhere in the space? Limiting ourselves to paraxial propagation, we prove that in the one-dimensional case the answer is negative. On the other hand, in the two-dimensional case we show through examples that the answer is affirmative. Some consequences are discussed.
Analysis of linearized decoupled power flow approximations for steady-state security assessment

An analytic study of various approximations of the power flow equations for electric power systems is presented. The approximate models examined are the decoupled power flow, the linearized decoupled power flow (including the dc load flow) and the adjoint network sensitivity model, all of which are commonly used in steady-state security assessment. Error bounds on the difference between the solution of each of the approximate models and the solution of the full power flow are derived. The results are applied to the steady-state contingency analysis problem, resulting in a proposed new approach to the problem.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation and Kinetics Using Cunninghamella echinulatu var . elegans

Bioremediation is a process technology that uses microorganisms to degrade specific organic chemicals. In recent years, bioremediation has proven to be successful for the remediation of soils contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Even though bioremediation has had a high success rate, the associated kinetics are still not fully understood. The kinetics become even more complicated when fungi are used for the remediation. The primary objective of this research was to determine the specific degradation rates for the bioremediation of PAH contaminated soils. Specifically, the kinetics associated with the fungi Cunninghamella echinulata var. elegans in conjunction with three supplemental nutrient solutions were investigated.
RAPID RISK ASSESSMENT Outbreak of enterovirus A 71 with severe neurological symptoms among children in Catalonia , Spain 14

This localised outbreak of neurological symptoms associated with enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is notable in terms of its magnitude and the severity of symptoms of the reported cases. As part of this assessment it was determined that no similar outbreaks have been detected in the rest of Spain. Other EU Member States have not reported concomitant enterovirus outbreaks and ECDC is not aware of signals of other unusual enterovirus outbreaks in the EU. Reporting of such clusters and outbreaks through the Early Warning and Response System (EWRS) is encouraged.
COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS FOR FLAPPING WING BY COUPLED CFD AND CSD SOLUTIONS

For a flapping wing micro air vehicle (FWMAV), flexibility of the wing structure induces a crucial effect on the vehicle performance. This paper presents an accurate computational approach to simulate flapping wings by coupling between CFD and CSD. For the fluid structure interaction (FSI), a finite volume based preconditioned Navier-Stokes solver with a non-linear structural model based on the geometrically exact beam formulation is used. Aeroelastic analysis is performed, and the results are compared with the experimental results. For the realistic flapping wing analysis, by considering their detailed configuration, the finite element analysis, beam and shell, based on a co-rotational (CR) theory is developed in parallel.
Glaciological advances made with interferometric synthetic aperture radar

Abstract Spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques for measuring ice flow velocity and topography have developed rapidly over the last decade and a half, revolutionizing the study of ice dynamics. Spaceborne interferometry has contributed to major progress in many areas of glaciological study by: providing the first comprehensive measurements of ice-stream flow velocity over the major outlets of Greenland and Antarctica; revealing that ice-stream and outlet-glacier flow can change rapidly (months to years); improving understanding of several ice-sheet and ice-shelf processes; providing velocity for flux-gate based mass-balance assessment; mapping flow of mountain glaciers; and capturing the geomorphic traces of past ice flow. We review the basic technique development, the measurement characteristics, and the extensive set of results yielded by these measurements.
Toxicity of snowdrop lectin protein towards cotton aphids Aphis gossypii (Homoptera, Aphididae)

The range of sap sucking insect pests to which GNA (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin) has been shown to be insecticidal in artificial diets has been extended to include the cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii). Full length GNA gene was cloned following PCR amplification of the gene from the available source (F-45) with two oligonucleotide primers containing appropriate flanking restriction site. The cloned gene was subcloned into an E.coli expression vector and expression was conducted successfully under T7 promoter. The expressed protein was affinity purified and the presence of gene product was confirmed through immunoblotting using polyclonal anti-GNA antibodies. In this study, GNA has been shown to enhance resistance to aphis gossypii in artificial diet bioassays, suggesting this gene as a potential candidate for the control of sap sucking insect pests of cotton.
Enhancement of mycolytic activity of an antagonistic Bacillus subtilis through ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis

Bacillus subtilis, isolated from the chili rhizosphere, capable of producing 3 mycolytic enzymes (chitinase, b-1,3-glucanase, and cellulase), was mutated by the chemical mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Mutants were screened based on their antifungal ability on dual plate assay against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides OGC1, the causal agent of anthracnose disease in fruit crops. EMS mutagenesis yielded 60 isolated mutants on NA plates, of which 3 (M3, M4, and M24) showed loss of antagonism against C. gloeosporioides OGC1 and 6 (M8, M21, M22, M57, M58, and M59) exhibited increased antagonism. The remaining mutants did not show any difference in their antagonistic property. In liquid culture, the mutants exhibited varied levels of the 3 enzymes. These mutants were studied for their mycolytic enzyme activities under shake flask conditions. Of all these mutants, M57 showed a 36-fold and 4.71-fold increase in b -1,3-glucanase and cellulase activities, respectively, with a concomitant 1.95-fold increase in hydrolytic activity, followed by M59, with a 5.68-fold and 1.57-fold increase in b -1,3-glucanase and cellulase activities, respectively, and a 2.23-fold increase in hydrolytic activity as compared to the wild type B. subtilis strain. M24 exhibited a complete loss of b -1,3-glucanase and a decrease in chitinase, with a concomitant decrease in levels of hydrolytic activity with C. gloeosporioides mycelia as compared to the wild type strain. The study clearly indicated the mycolytic enzyme mediated antagonism of this strain and yielded 2 hyperproducing mutants for b -1,3-glucanase and cellulase, 2 important enzymes for various agricultural and industrial uses.
Label-Free Biosensors Based onto Monolithically Integrated onto Silicon Optical Transducers

The article reviews the current status of label-free integrated optical biosensors focusing on the evolution over the years of their analytical performance. At first, a short introduction to the evanescent wave optics is provided followed by detailed description of the main categories of label-free optical biosensors, including sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), grating couplers, photonic crystals, ring resonators, and interferometric transducers. For each type of biosensor, the detection principle is first provided followed by description of the different transducer configurations so far developed and their performance as biosensors. Finally, a short discussion about the current limitations and future perspectives of integrated label-free optical biosensors is provided.
Prediction of Wave Parameters off the Nile Delta Coast of Egypt Using Nonlinear Regression Analysis

The waves are the most important factor to be considered in the near-shore and offshore activities. Recently, the offshore Nile delta of the Arab republic of Egypt has seen many discoveries in the oil and gas filed, especially in front of Alexandria and Port Said. Therefore, obtaining a formula for predicting wave characteristics based on the measured data of is very important, which will contribute significantly to marine studies and the preliminary engineering design in such mega projects. In this study, the 3 hourly significant wave heights ( ) and periods ( ) with corresponding data such as wind speed (u), fetch data (F), sea level pressure (p) and air temperature ( ) used in analyses based on the hourly observations data. This paper focuses on the prediction of significant wave parameters by using nonlinear regression method based on dimensionless analysis (pi-theorem). Measured offshore waves and meteorological data for Alexandria and Port Said regions, located on the Nile delta coast of Egypt, used in this study. This study aims to find suitable formulas to predict the wave parameters, significant wave height and period , for these regions and evaluating its performance. The results indicated that the formulas gave the satisfactory results that can be used to predict the offshore wave parameters for the Nile delta of Egypt safely.
The Effects of Weathered Crude Oil from the M/T Alvenus Spill on Eggs and Yolk-Sac Larvae of Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)

The Biitish tanker M/T ALVENUS ran aground 16.1 km south of Cameron, Louisiana, on 30 July 1984. An estimated 10,157 MT of Venezuelan crude oil were spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. Approximately 2,700 MT of the heavy viscous oil impacted beaches and an additional 1,360 MT remained in the subtidal areas of west Galveston Island, about 160 km southwest of the accident site. Red drum, which spawn in the Gulf of Mexico in the fall, could have been seriously impacted by oil concentrations potentially lethal to eggs or larvae. The impact of weathered crude oil on the survival, growth, and morphological development of red drum eggs and larvae was assessed in the laboratory. Equal numbers of eggs were randomly assigned to one of six treatments of weathered crude oil (control, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/l) and observed through the yolk-sac stage. There were no differences in mean survival, length of surviving larvae, and frequency of morphological abnormalities among treatments (01 4 0.05). In addition, the frequency of spinal deformity and abnormal mouth development was low in all treatments. The initial chemical composition of the fresh crude oil and the seasonally warm weather contributed to the natural degradation of the soluble toxic components.
Automatic generation of multiblock decompositions of surfaces

Multiblock‐structured meshes have significant advantages over fully unstructured meshes in numerical simulation, but automatically generating these meshes is considerably more difficult. A method is described herein for automatically generating high‐quality multiblock decompositions of surfaces with boundaries. Controllability and flexibility are useful capabilities of the method. Additional alignment constraints for forcing the appearance of particular features in the decomposition can be easily handled. Also, adjustments are made according to input metric tensor fields that describe target element size properties. The general solution strategy is based around using a four‐way symmetry vector‐field, called a cross‐field, to describe the local mesh orientation on a triangulation of the surface. Initialisation is performed by propagating the boundary alignment constraints to the interior in a fast marching method. This is similar in a way to an advancing‐front or paving method but much more straightforward and flexible because mesh connectivity does not have to be managed in the cross‐field. Multiblock decompositions are generated by tracing the separatrices of the cross‐field to partition the surface into quadrilateral blocks with square corners. The final task of meshing the decomposition requires solving an integer programming problem for block division numbers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tobacco mosaic virus templated synthesis of one dimensional inorganic–polymer hybrid fibres

Inorganic–polymer hybrid nanofibres were prepared by using a rod-like tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as a template. With tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a precursor, long silica-coated TMV fibres were formed via a head-to-tail assembly, which showed a substantial increase of the elastic modulus. Furthermore, homogenous titania–TMV hybrid fibres could be prepared using polyaniline-coated TMV fibres as a template, which were used to form a composite film that was able to sense liquefied petroleum gases.
Trends Towards Automotive Electronic Vision Systems for Mitigation of Accidents in Safety Critical Situations

When discussing vehicular safety, there are two key concepts: The first is the concept of Primary Safety, which can be defined as ‘the vehicle engineering aspects which as far as possible reduce the risk of an accident occurring’ (DfT (UK), 2008a); in contrast, Secondary Safety can be defined as ‘all structural and design features that reduce the consequences of accidents as far as possible’ (DfT (UK), 2008b). It is important to note that these two aspects of safety sometimes interact in conflicting ways. For example, to improve secondary safety in vehicles, manufacturers often strengthen and increase the size of a vehicle’s A-pillar (the vertical or near vertical shaft of material that supports the vehicle roof on either side of the wind-shield). However, this can decrease the visibility of the vehicle’s immediate environment to a driver (i.e. increase the vehicle’s blindzones1), which has a negative impact on the primary safety of the vehicle. In this chapter, we will discuss the role of automotive vision systems in improving the primary safety of vehicles. The development of electronic vision systems for the automotive market is a strongly growing area of development, driven in particular by consumer demand for increased safety in vehicles, both for drivers and for other road users, including Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs), such as pedestrians, cyclists or motorcyclists. Consumer demand is matched by legislative developments in a number of key automotive markets; for example Europe, Japan and the US have either introduced or are in the process of introducing legislation with the intention of reducing the number of VRU fatalities, with some emphasis on the use of vision systems. There are several areas in which electronic vision systems can be utilised. These can be broadly divided into two applications: visual display applications for passive human