Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling Endogenous Mobility in Earnings Determination

ABSTRACT We evaluate the bias from endogenous job mobility in fixed-effects estimates of worker- and firm-specific earnings heterogeneity using longitudinally linked employer–employee data from the LEHD infrastructure file system of the U.S. Census Bureau. First, we propose two new residual diagnostic tests of the assumption that mobility is exogenous to unmodeled determinants of earnings. Both tests reject exogenous mobility. We relax exogenous mobility by modeling the matched data as an evolving bipartite graph using a Bayesian latent-type framework. Our results suggest that allowing endogenous mobility increases the variation in earnings explained by individual heterogeneity and reduces the proportion due to employer and match effects. To assess external validity, we match our estimates of the wage components to out-of-sample estimates of revenue per worker. The mobility-bias-corrected estimates attribute much more of the variation in revenue per worker to variation in match quality and worker quality than the uncorrected estimates. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological re-examination of strains belonging to three rare Colletotrichum species in Japan

Phylogenetic relationships of strains belonging to three rare Colletotrichum species in Japan were clarified based on sequences of the rDNA-ITS region and some other genes. Morphological re-examination of the strains was also carried out. Colletotrichum hsienjenchang on a bamboo, Phyllostachys bambusoides, collected in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan in 2011 was found to produce tufted conidia on the top of polyphialides on PDA medium and large appressoria with a few short projections. Its strain was placed on a branch with C. spaethianum in an rDNA-ITS phylogram, but it was separated on a branch near C. tofieldiae and other closely related species with falcate conidia in phylograms based on actin, chitin synthase 1 or histone 3 partial sequences. Based on the present results, Gnomonia hsienjenchang, a teleomorph of C. hsienjenchang, was transferred to the emended Glomerella. Colletotrichum metake found on another bamboo, Pleioblastus simonii, in Ibaraki Pref. , Japan in 2009 was found to form small cylindrical conidia and lemon-shaped appressoria. Although the species has been regarded as a synonym of C. falcatum, the strains were placed on a branch distant from C. falcatum in the rDNA-ITS phylogram. Colletotrichum taiwanense was isolated from a chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) in Okinawa Pref. in 2001, subsequently from the human cornea in Kumamoto, and from a vanilla leaf and a lemon branch in the Bonin Islands, Japan. The species was found to produce arrowhead-shaped appressoria from mycelia, and exceptionally long ascospores with 1-3 septa and large conidia. Strains of the species clustered into a single clade distant from other species of the genus in the phylogram. The three species were demonstrated to be distinct within the genus Colletotrichum by both molecular and morphological evidence in this study.
Structural transitions and electron transfer in coffinite, USiO4, at high pressure

Abstract The compressibility, phase stability, and vibrational properties of coffinite (USiO4) were studied by in situ X-ray diffraction and infrared (IR) measurements at high pressures. An irreversible phase transition from the zircon-type to scheelite-type structure was found to occur at 14-17 GPa. Accompanying the structural transition, partial amorphization was also evident in the XRD analysis. The predicted transition pressure calculated by density functional theory is in good agreement with the experimental results. IR spectra also suggest that water is incorporated into the coffinite structure, and a pressure-induced electron transfer (U4+ → U5+) may also occur.
Composite Coating as a Carrier of Antioxidants Improves the Postharvest Shelf Life and Quality of Table Grapes (Vitis vinifera L. var. Thompson Seedless)

Composite edible coating comprising xanthan gum (0.3%) and olive oil (0.1%) enriched with antioxidants (gallic acid 0.1%, ferulic acid 0.1% and ascorbic acid 0.1%) enhanced the postharvest storability and nutritional quality of table grapes. The quality characteristics of table grapes were monitored during storage at 10±2°C, (70–75% RH), at regular intervals of 6 days until 24 days of storage. Xanthan gum combined with olive oil reduced the weight loss, decay occurrence, accumulation of total soluble solids and total sugars by reducing the rate of respiration and metabolism in the coated fruit. Moreover, incorporation of antioxidants in coating enhanced the level of phenolics, ascorbic acid and total antioxidant activity in grapes. The activities of cell wall modifying enzymes such as Polygalacturonase (PG) and Pectate Lyase (PL) were reduced in the fruits of treated sets as compared to that of the control set. These results suggest that the composite coating delayed the ripening and softening process in grapes and thereby extended their shelf life up to 24 days, while the control grapes were decayed on the 12 th day.
Competitive Capacity Determinants for Jordanian Exports of Selected Fruits and Vegetables in Arab Gulf Markets

This study traces factors that may affect Jordanian agricultural exports' ability to successfully compete in the Arab Gulf markets and investigates the effect of exporting efficiency on agricultural exports. Major markets for Jordanian horticultural products will be discussed, as well as major exporting crops. Results indicated that the price of Jordanian exports of the selected crops is high in comparison with competitors in Saudi Arabian and United Arab Emirates markets. Results indicated also that Jordanian production of grapes, tomatoes, and green beans is decreasing at constant rates. The coefficient of exporting efficiency for Jordan in 2004 was 8.1 which means that there is an increase in the volume and value of Jordanian exports, an increase in the number of exporting companies in addition to the increase in competition between these companies; Jordan is ranks number one among the selected countries. The study recommended that producers must concentrate on cost reduction based on economies of scale in order to be able to compete depending on the prices in Arab Gulf Markets. Producers must also follow a production policy in order to enhance production of the studied crops.
Degree of Operating Leverage, Earnings Properties, Reporting Incentives, and the Usefulness of Earnings

We investigate how firm cost structure influences the information environment by studying the relation between the degree of operating leverage, earnings properties, and the usefulness of earnings to shareholders. We predict and find that earnings volatility increases in the degree of operating leverage. We also predict and find that the incentive to engage in aggressive revenue recognition to meet earnings thresholds increases in the degree of operating leverage. We document that the usefulness of earnings to shareholders decreases through the effect of the degree of operating leverage on the volatility of earnings and on the incentive of engaging in aggressive revenue recognition to meet earnings targets. Our results inform how firm cost structure, in particular the substitution of fixed costs for variable costs, influences a firm’s information environment and reporting incentives, and the usefulness of earnings to shareholders.
Microsoft Word-Design of a PI-D Controller of a Scaled-Model Helicopter.rtf

Scaled-model helicopters are Multiple-Inputs-Multiple-Outputs (MIMO) time-varying nonlinear highly coupled and unstable machines. They have fast response and controlling them is very complicated and need high degree of precision. In this paper, a detailed nonlinear model is derived. A cascaded PI-D controller is designed and implemented for each control input. A linear model is obtained around an unaccelerated steady state condition (hovering condition) is used to design the PI-D controller in order to control the scaled-model helicopter during vertical, sideward, and forward flight modes. Matlab along with Simulink are used as the platforms for the helicopter model and controller implementation and simulation. Key-Words: Modeling, simulation, controller, PID, linearization, and MIMO system.
Remote Sensing of Environment

Plant functional diversity (FD) is an important component of biodiversity that characterizes the variability of functional traits within a community, landscape, or even large spatial scales. It can influence ecosystem processes and stability. Hence, it is important to understand how and why FD varies within and between ecosystems, along resources availability gradients and climate gradients, and across vegetation successional stages. Usually, FD is assessed through laborintensive field measurements, while assessing FD from space may provide a way to monitor global FD changes in a consistent, time and resource efficient way. The potential of operational satellites for inferring FD, however, remains to be demonstrated. Here we studied the relationships between FD and spectral reflectance measurements taken by ESA's Sentinel-2 satellite over 117 field plots located in 6 European countries, with 46 plots having in-situ sampled leaf traits and the other 71 using traits from the TRY database. These field plots represent major European forest types, from boreal forests in Finland to Mediterranean mixed forests in Spain. Based on in-situ data collected in 2013 we computed functional dispersion (FDis), a measure of FD, using foliar and whole-plant traits of known ecological significance. These included five foliar traits: leaf nitrogen concentration (N%), leaf carbon concentration (%C), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf area (LA). In addition they included three whole-plant traits: tree height (H), crown cross-sectional area (CCSA), and diameter-at-breast-height (DBH). We applied partial least squares regression using Sentinel-2 surface reflectance measured in 2015 as predictive variables to model in-situ FDis measurements. We predicted, in cross-validation, 55% of the variation in the observed FDis. We also showed that the rededge, near infrared and shortwave infrared regions of Sentinel-2 are more important than the visible region for predicting FDis. An initial 30-m resolution mapping of FDis revealed large local FDis variation within each forest type. The novelty of this study is the effective integration of spaceborne and in-situ measurements at a continental scale, and hence represents a key step towards achieving rapid global biodiversity monitoring schemes. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse. 2019.111368 Received 12 March 2019; Received in revised form 24 July 2019; Accepted 10 August 2019 ⁎ Corresponding author at: P.O. Box 10 01 64, 07701 Jena, Germany. E-mail address: xma.bgc@gmail.com (X. Ma). Remote Sensing of Environment 233 (2019) 111368 Available online 24 August 2019 0034-4257/ © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY/4.0/). T
Effect of 0 . 9 % saline solution and phosphate buffer saline at different temperatures and incubation times on the morphology of goat preantral follicles

The present work investigated the efficiency of 0.9% saline solution and Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) in the preservation of goat preantral follicles in situ at different temperatures and incubation times. The ovarian pair of each animal was divided into 19 fragments. One ovarian fragment was taken randomly and fixed (control). The other 18 fragments were randomly distributed in tubes containing 0.9% saline solution or PBS at 4, 20 or 39 C for 4, 12 or 24 h. A total of 5,921 preantral follicles were examined. The quality of preantral follicles was evaluated by classical histology. The storage of ovarian fragments in 0.9% saline solution or PBS at 4 oC did not reduce significantly the percentage of morphologically normal follicles when compared with the control, except after preservation in 0.9% saline solution for 24 h. The storage of ovarian fragments at 20 or 39°C reduced the percentage of normal preantral follicles when compared to the control, except after preservation in PBS at 20°C for 4 h. In conclusion, this study showed for the first time that goat preantral follicles can be stored in situ successfully at 4 oC in 0.9% saline solution for 12 h and in PBS for 24 h, and at 20 oC in PBS for 4 h.
ImprovingMaternal Mental Health After a Child ’ s Diagnosis of Autism SpectrumDisorder Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A randomized clinical trial compared 6 sessions of PSE with usual care. Settings included an autism clinic and 6 community-based early intervention programs that primarily serve low-income families. Participants were mothers of 122 young children (mean age, 34 months) who recently received a diagnosis of ASD. Among mothers assessed for eligibility, 17.0% declined participation. We report outcomes after 3 months of follow-up (immediate postdiagnosis period).
A Research Approach to Study Human Factors in Transportation Systems

This thesis proposes a new general-purpose methodology to conduct studies on Human Factors in Transportation Systems.A full-fledged setup and implementation of the methodology is provided for validation. This setup, which uses real data to perform the simulation, includes a traffic micro-simulator, a driving simulator, a traffic control centre and an Advanced Driver Assistance System, providing an experimentation laboratory, in which empirical research can be conducted. The communication between the simulation components is made interchangeably using both the European standard Datex II and the SUMO TraCI protocols.Several usage scenarios are implemented and indications on how to extend the methodology to accommodate different requirements are provided; as to prove its usability and feasibility. A simple Human Factors study was conducted using the implemented setup. This study uses naturalistc data and evaluates the network performance gain by using an Advanced Driver Assistance System that recommends new routes to drivers in congestion situations and provides a final validation of the methodology.In conclusion, the methodology has been proved usable to effectively conduct Human Factors research and also to develop Advanced Driver Assistance Systems applications in a controlled, yet realistic environment.
Subjective Unmet Needs for School Health Services among Adolescents with Different Disabilities: A Population-Based Study in Finland

Background : Subjective perceptions of unmet needs for health services among adolescents with different disabilities remain largely unstudied, even though various international conventions on the rights of people with disabilities oblige signatory governments to improve the equality of access to services. Aims : The aim the study was to examine the need for, and accessibility to, support and help from school health services among adolescents with different disabilities. A second aim was to determine whether these unmet needs are related to certain sociodemographic factors. Methodology : A nationwide, population-based cross-sectional study design was used. The data were collected from the 2017 School Health Promotion study in Finland. The study population consisted of 72,994 8 th and 9 th grade adolescents (aged 14–16) who responded to a web survey, reflecting a response rate of 63%. The data were analyzed by cross-tabulation, chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results : The most common self-reported disabilities among adolescents were difficulties in remembering and learning (6–7%). However, a troubling 18–29% of adolescents with major difficulties reported that they had needed support from a school health nurse but had not received it. Moreover, 26–36% of adolescents with difficulties who had needed support from a physician had not received it. Adolescents with disabilities have approximately two- or three-fold higher risks of unmet needs than adolescents without disabilities. Adolescents with difficulties concentrating showed an over three-fold higher risk for unmet needs than other adolescents. The identified differences were evident even after sociodemographic factors were controlled for. Conclusions : Disabled adolescents may well have more health needs than other adolescents, and some of these needs may be unidentified. Thus, disabled adolescents may not receive the support and help they require. In this respect, there are challenging differences between adolescents with and without disabilities.
Face Recognition Using 3DLBP Method Applied to Depth Maps Obtained from Kinect Sensors

Due to the difficulty in dealing with pose and illumination on 2D face recognition, 3D face recognition methods have been proposed in the last years, since 3D data is less sensible to illumination changes and, more important, is very useful to correct differences in pose. The main drawback of using 3Dbased face recognition methods is the high cost of the traditional 3D sensors. One alternative to these expensive scanners are the Kinect devices that, besides being considerable cheaper, are able to capture quite precisely the depth information. The main goal of this work was to assess the performance of 3DLBP method for face recognition when using depth maps generated by Kinect devices. Another goal was to investigate the face regions in which the depth maps contribute most to increase the face recognition rates.
SIMS : Self Sovereign Identity Management System with Preserving Privacy in Blockchain

Blockchain, which is a useful tool for providing data integrity, has emerged as an alternative to centralized servers. Concentrating on the integrity of the blockchain, many applications have been developed. Specifically, a blockchain can be utilized in proving the user’s identity using its strong integrity. However, since all data in the blockchain is publicly available, it can cause privacy problems if the user’s identity is stored in the blockchain unencrypted. Although the encryption of the private information can diminish privacy problems in the blockchain, it is difficult to transparently utilize encrypted user information in the blockchain. To provide integrity and privacy of user information simultaneously in the blockchain, we propose a SIMS (Self-Sovereign Identity Management System) framework based on a zk-SNARK (zero-knowledge Succinct Non-interactive ARgument of Knowledge). In our proposed SIMS, the user information is employed in a privacy-preserving way due to the zero-knowledge property of the zk-SNARK. We construct a SIMS scheme and prove its security. We describe applications of SIMS and demonstrate its practicality through efficient implementations.
Hearing loss and a supportive tactile signal in a navigation system : effects on driving behavior and eye movements

An on-road study was conducted to evaluate a complementary tactile navigation signal on driving behaviour and eye movements for drivers with hearing loss (HL) compared to drivers with normal hearing (NH). 32 participants (16 HL and 16 NH) performed two preprogrammed navigation tasks. In one, participants received only visual information, while the other also included a vibration in the seat to guide them in the correct direction. SMI glasses were used for eye tracking, recording the point of gaze within the scene. Analysis was performed on predefined regions. A questionnaire examined participant's experience of the navigation systems. Hearing loss was associated with lower speed, higher satisfaction with the tactile signal and more glances in the rear view mirror. Additionally, tactile support led to less time spent viewing the navigation display.
Development of a pulsed UV laser system for laser-desorption mass spectrometry on Mars

A near-flight prototype of a pulsed UV laser has been developed for the Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) of the ExoMars mission. The laser head is based on a Nd:YAG oscillator with subsequent frequency quadrupling and emits nanosecond pulses with an energy of > 300 μJ at a wavelength of 266 nm. The design is compact and lightweight. Tests in relevant environment regarding temperature, vibration, and radiation have been performed.
The Full Survey on The Euclidean Steiner Tree Problem

The Steiner Tree Problem is a famous and long-studied problem in combinatorial optimization. However, the best heuristics algorithm so far is inferior efficient only to solve some limited cases in reasonable time. This paper introduces actual solutions in some special cases and an improved heuristics algorithm based on polygon reduction method. The experimental results show the obvious superior performance over the other approaches.
A TRIAL INSTALLATION OF HIGH VOLTAGE COMPOSITE CROSS-ARMS

Four high voltage composite cross-arms have been installed as part of a non-energised trial taking place in the Scottish Highlands. The non-cylindrical geometry of their two main structural members offers improved mechanical strength-to-weight ratio compared to cylindrically-shaped insulators of similar cross-sectional area. The instrumentation system aims to monitor mechanical performance through the use of embedded strain gauges and a combination of a load cell, accelerometer and inclinometer at the cross-arm nose. An industrial data capture and control platform is used to capture sensor outputs and store them until retrieval. Networked cameras with local storage capabilities are used to capture video recordings of the cross-arms. The trial has helped establish handling, transportation and installation procedures. The first results from the instrumentation system indicate the resilience of the cross-arms to winds reaching up to 151 mph (243 km/h) while no irregularities regarding snow and ice accretion have been observed.
MENTOR: The Design and Evaluation of a Protection Services Recommender System

Cyberattacks are the cause of several damages on governments and companies in the last years. Such damage includes not only leaks of sensitive information, but also economic loss due to downtime of services. The security market size worth billions of dollars, which represents investments to acquire protection services and training response teams to operate such services, determines a considerable part of the investment in technologies around the world. Although a vast number of protection services are available, it is neither trivial for network operators nor end-users to choose one of them in order to prevent or mitigate an imminent attack. As the next-generation cybersecurity solutions are on the horizon, systems that simplify their adoption are still required in support of security management tasks. Thus, this paper introduces MENTOR, a support tool for cyber-security, focusing on the recommendation of protection services. MENTOR is able to (${a}$) to deal with different demands from the user and (${b}$) to recommend the adequate protection service in order to provide a proper level of cybersecurity in different scenarios. Four similarity measurements are implemented in order to prove the feasibility of the MENTOR’${s}$ engine. An evaluation determines the performance and accuracy of each measurement used during the recommendation process.
1 Contracts , Reference Points , and Competition – Behavioral Effects of the Fundamental Transformation 1

In this paper we study the role of incomplete ex-an te contracts for ex-post trade. Previous experimental evidence indicates that a contract pro vides a reference point for entitlements when the terms are negotiated in a competitive market. W e show that this finding no longer holds when the terms are determined in a non-competitive way. Our results imply that the presence of a “fundamental transformation” (i.e., the transition from a competitive market to a bilateral relationship) is important for a contract to become a reference point. To the best of our knowledge this behavioral aspect of the fundamental transformation has not been shown before.