Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intellectual Behaviour of Module Tutors to Predict Student Satisfaction and Intention to Leave: An Empirical Study from Malaysian Private Higher Education Institutions

The purpose of this study is identifying the intellectual behaviour of module tutors and its impact on student’s satisfaction and intention to leave. A sample size of 151 full-time students were randomly chosen from various educational institution. A multi-factor leadership questionnaire with a Likert-Scale from 1-5 was used to collected the data to determine students perception of intellectual behaviour displayed by module tutors at various level in key different academic institutions in Malaysia. Intellectual behaviour is measured using five variables namely idealised attributes, idealised behaviour, intellectual stimulations, inspirational motivation and individual considerations. These variables were initially established by previous studies as dimensions of transformational leadership. To ensure reliability and validity of the data set, sample size only includes students who have been with the educational institution for minimum one semester. The correlation analysis shows that all the in IA, IB, IS, IM and IC were significant and highly correlated with student satisfaction. However, this study found only IS is significant and negatively correlated with student’s intention to leave. Also this study found increased in level of satisfaction is significant and negatively correlated with intention to leave. In terms of multiple regression analysis, this study found that only idealised attributes (IA) and individual considerations (IC) were significant and positively influences students satisfaction. However, this study shows none of the variables of intellectual behaviour has any significant impact on student’s intention to leave. However, the increased level of satisfaction was found to have a significantly negative impact on student’s intention to leave. The current study contributes to the body of research by investigating the combined impacts of intellectual behaviour on student satisfaction using one instrument, in cross-sectional area setting. This research shows that intellectual; behaviour of transformational leadership is crucial in improving student satisfaction and intention to leave. Future research should be undertaken on different context or by increasing the sample size by widening the research context to ensure validity and reliability of the results.
Evidence of magma-water interaction during the 13,800 years BP explosive cycle of the Licán Ignimbrite, Villarrica volcano (southern Chile)

El Villarrica es un estratovolcan activo, situado en la Zona Volcanica de los Andes del Sur. Hace aproximadamente 13.800 anos AP (edades 14C no calibradas), este volcan sufrio un evento explosivo importante que dio lugar a la emision de una secuencia de flujos piroclasticos, conocida como la 'Ignimbrita Lican', cuyo volumen ha sido estimado en -10 km3 (no-ERD, Equivalente de Roca Densa). Los depositos consisten, principalmente, en flujos piroclasticos macizos y oleadas piroclasticas estratificadas. Las facies tipicas que resultan de los flujos presentan bombas escoriaceas, bloques juveniles densos, fragmentos liticos y lapilli escoriaceo, inmersos en una matriz cuyo color varia entre gris oscuro y pardo. Por otro lado, los depositos de oleadas estan constituidos por escorias de tamano lapilli, contenidas en una matriz fina, de color pardo claro o amarillo verdusco. La composicion de los clastos juveniles es andesitico-basaltica a andesitica (55 a 58% en peso de Si02). Este articulo presenta la estructura interna general de estos depositos, observaciones realizadas en el MEB (Microscopio Electronico de Barrido) y datos litologicos y granulometricos, con el proposito de determinar el papel que jugo la fragmentacion debido a la interaccion magma-agua durante la erupcion. Los resultados indican que la expansion de gases pudo ser un proceso importante. Sin embargo, caracteristicas de terreno, texturas superficiales de cenizas, el enriquecimiento en fragmentos liticos hacia el techo de las secuencias y la palagonitizacion variable del vidrio de la matriz sugieren un incremento de la intervencion del agua durante el transcurso de la erupcion.
Transformation of Teachers as Active Agents in Curriculum Building

The policy 40x40 Curriculum for Excellence and Comprehensive Education was conceived as the proper framework to design and implement programs to offer quality education in the framework of the Bogota Humana District Government Plan. Nevertheless, there is a struggle in relation to the curriculum in Colombia: on one hand, the Law established curricular autonomy and on the other the teachers and educative researchers who oppose pedagogy to the curriculum. Thus, for the development of this public policy in Bogota, the Center for Research and Formation in Education–CIFE- design and offered a teacher training for the re-signification of the concept of curriculum and the empowerment of teachers in building curricula in line with the proposals of the policy and responding to their particular contexts. This article shares the results of the systematization of the experience (Jara, 1994; Jara, 2006) lived in the course by answering two questions: What are the perceptions of the teachers about the course? And, what are the main ideas learned by the teachers in the course? The results of this study show that the course designed shows some divergences and convergences of the curricular realities faced by teachers in institutions. Among the tensions were identified, in addition to the new demands that students and teachers generate to the institutional curriculum, the difficulty to make decisions in relation to the curriculum change. Within the convergences, the results show that the designed course is a pertinent and suitable strategy for the diffusion and appropriation of the policy documents.
Manufacture of custom-made cranial implants from DICOM® images using 3D printing, CAD/CAM technology and incremental sheet forming

INTRODUCTION: This work aims to pre-operatively manufacture custom-made low-cost implants and physical models (‘biomodels’) of fractured skulls. The pre-DOI: operative manufacturing of biomodels and implants allows physicians to study and plan surgery with a greater possibility of achieving the expected result. Customization contributes to both the esthetic and functional outcome of the implant because it considers the anatomy of each patient, while the low cost allows a greater number of people to potentially benefit. METHODS: From CT images of a fractured skull, a CAD model of the skull (biomodel) and a restorative implant were constructed digitally. The biomodel was then physically constructed with 3D Printing, and Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) was used to manufacture the implant from a sheet of pure grade 2 titanium. Before cutting the implant’s final shape from a pre-formed sheet, heat treatment was performed to avoid deformations caused by residual stresses generated during the ISF process. RESULTS: A comparison of the dimensions of the implant and its respective CAD biomodel revealed geometric discrepancies that can affect both functional and aesthetic efficiency. Nevertheless, the final shape preserved symmetry between the right and left sides of the skull. Electron microscopy analysis did not indicate the presence of elements other than pure titanium. CONCLUSION: Dimensional variability can be decreased with changes in the manufacturing process (i.e., forming and cutting) and the heating ramp. Despite biomedical characteristics, there was no contamination of the implant by harmful chemical elements. 3D Printing was effective in making the biomodel, enabling pre-operative planning and improving physician-patient communication. Current results indicate that ISF is a process that can be used to obtain custom-made implants.
Women’s experiences of a vaginal delivery conducted by a private midwife

During the last decade the process of childbirth has undergone many changes in South Africa. Opsomming Kindergeboorte in Suid-Afrika het die afgelope dekade baie veranderinge ondergaan. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.
An empirical study of random SAT

Randomly generated formulas are commonly used for evaluating the performance of propositional satisfiability (SAT) testing procedures. Yet, little is known about the characteristics of such formulas. Here results are presented from an extensive empirical study using the Davis-Putnam Procedure (DPP) to test formulas from several distributions. Each distribution exhibits a characteristic "easy-hard-easy" pat tern of expected running time for DPP, as a function of the ratio of clauses to variables. This pattern is closely related to the proportion of formulas which are satisfiable. The other distribution parameters also have characteristic effects on these two measures. Previous empirical work is reviewed in light of this new data, demonstrating that an understanding of the patterns shown here is necessary for effective use of random formulas. The data confirm previous observations that random SAT instances are often easy, thus challenging the validity of several studies which intended to demonstrate the efficacy of particular procedures. However, they also show that sets of moderately sized problems which are very hard to solve in practice do exist. Given an understanding of the results shown here, it is possible to select distributions of random formulas that are an effective tool for evaluating SAT testing procedures. This work provides insight into the nature of randomly generated test sets and the pitfalls to be avoided in their use.
P2P & LBS Technology-Based Mobile Police System Design

With the coverage by the mobile network and the popularization of mobile phone communication software, the traditional voice communication, short message service and even the interconnection service have gradually been replaced by mobile terminal equipment. Confronted with the ever-increasingly serous information explosion, police authorities meet with new challenges in their daily police work. This paper establishes a mobile police application system integrating office work, early warning, publicity and surveillance through careful study of the Peer to Peer and Location Based technology, striving to transform the traditional idea, break the traditional mode, expand the tradition scope so as to better exercise the social supervision function, publicize precaution information and crack down on crime.
Influence of dynamic vegetation on climate change and terrestrial carbon storage in the Last Glacial Maximum

Abstract. When the climate is reconstructed from paleoevidence, it shows that the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ca. 21 000 yr ago) is cold and dry compared to the present-day. Reconstruction also shows that compared to today, the vegetation of the LGM is less active and the distribution of vegetation was drastically different, due to cold temperature, dryness, and a lower level of atmospheric CO2 concentration (185 ppm compared to a preindustrial level of 285 ppm). In the present paper, we investigate the influence of vegetation change on the climate of the LGM by using a coupled atmosphere-ocean-vegetation general circulation model (AOVGCM, the MIROC-LPJ). The MIROC-LPJ is different from earlier studies in the introduction of a bias correction method in individual running GCM experiments. We examined four GCM experiments (LGM and preindustrial, with and without vegetation feedback) and quantified the strength of the vegetation feedback during the LGM. The result shows that global-averaged cooling during the LGM is amplified by +13.5 % due to the introduction of vegetation feedback. This is mainly caused by the increase of land surface albedo due to the expansion of tundra in northern high latitudes and the desertification in northern middle latitudes around 30° N to 60° N. We also investigated how this change in climate affected the total terrestrial carbon storage by using offline Lund-Potsdam-Jena dynamic global vegetation model (LPJ-DGVM). Our result shows that the total terrestrial carbon storage was reduced by 597 PgC during the LGM, which corresponds to the emission of 282 ppm atmospheric CO2. In the LGM experiments, the global carbon distribution is generally the same whether the vegetation feedback to the atmosphere is included or not. However, the inclusion of vegetation feedback causes substantial terrestrial carbon storage change, especially in explaining the lowering of atmospheric CO2 during the LGM.
Optical Properties and Kinetic Behavior of Chlorine in Pure Water and Swimming Pool Water using Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique

An optical sensor based on surface plasmon resonance phenomenon for detection of chlorine in pure water and swimming pool water is presented. The measurement was carried out at room temperature using Kretschmann surface plasmon resonance technique. When the air medium outside the metal film is changed to chlorine solution, the resonance angle shifted to the higher value. The shift of resonance angle (∆θ) increases linearly with chlorine concentration in which the detection limit and sensor sensitivity could be quantified. In this work, the sensitivity of the detection was estimated to be 0.11°/ppm and 0.12°/ppm for Calcium Hypochlorite (G70) and Trichloroisocyanuric Acid (G90), respectively. The detection limit of this sensor is better than 0.1 ppm for chlorine samples and capable to monitor the chlorine concentration in swimming pool. We observed that the shift in the resonance angle (∆θ) decreases with time due to reducing amount of chlorine in the solution. Result from real-time measurement of swimming pool water was compared with simulation result carried out in the laboratory. Both have shown that the resonance angle decreases with time due to releasing of chlorine gas to the atmosphere.
A Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming Model for the Low Autocorrelation Binary Sequence Problem

In this paper the low autocorrelation binary sequence problem (LABSP) is modeled as a mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) problem and proof of the model’s validity is given. Since the MIQP model is semidefinite, general optimization solvers can be used, and converge in a finite number of iterations. The experimental results show that IQP solvers, based on this MIQP formulation, are capable of optimally solving general/skew-symmetric LABSP instances of up to 30/51 elements in a moderate time. ACM Computing Classification System (1998): G.1. 6, I.2. 8.
Genetics of Russian wheat aphid resistance in barley

Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), is an important pest in small grain cereals in several areas of the world. This research was conducted to determine the inheritance of resistance and identify molecular markers linked to resistance genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines PI366444 and PI366453. Artificial infestation was performed in the field and in growth chamber conditions. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Southern blotting, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were used to genotype plants in the laboratory. PI366444 and PI366453 were intercrossed and each was. also crossed with the susceptible cultivars Stark and Bearpaw. F2 progeny from the cross between resistant lines showed that they shared common or linked resistant genes. F2 segregation ratios from crosses among resistant and susceptible plants measured in F3 progeny indicated that there were at least two genes involved in resistance in both of the PI lines. Two different regions in the barley genome were determined to be associated with RWA resistance genes. The Sequence-tagged-site-PCR (STS-PCR) markers B Hordein and D14 on the short arm of chromosome 5 were found to be associated with variation for both chlorosis and rolling in F2 plants from crosses with both resistant lines. Tlie B Hordein marker accounted for 29% -42% of the total variance depending on the specific cross. The chromosome 2 STS-PCR marker ABG8 was found to be associated with rolling only in one cross. Knowledge of the inheritance of resistance and linkage of markers to resistance genes will be helpful in barley breeding programs. GENETICS OF RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID RESISTANCE IN BARLEY by Rosa Maria Nieto Lopez
Power Generation by Algal Microbial Fuel Cell Along with Simultaneous Treatment of Sugar Industry Wastewater

Algal biotechnology has gained interest world over as it is a better resource in comparison to land biomass. One interesting emerging application is its utilization in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for the production of electricity while utilizing these algae for the treatment of industrial wastewater besides hydrocarbons and lipid production later. Presently, the potential of two strains of an oil-rich green alga Botryococcus braunii has been studied for its utilization in microbial fuel cells. Photosynthetic algal strains in various media in the cathodic half of the MFCs provided a continuous source of oxygen from their photosynthesis to serve as electron acceptor. This helped in reducing the cost of energy needed for mechanical aeration to enrich the catholyte with oxygen as electron acceptor. These cathodic half cells were combined separately with three different anolytes, firstly Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture alone, secondly, Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture supplemented with the mediator methylene blue (350 mg/L) and thirdly, sugar industry wastewater mixed with activated sludge. Amongst MFCs consisting of various combinations of these catholytes and anolytes, highest values of power density (7.27 μW/cm2) and current density (20.87 μA/cm2) were observed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture supplemented with methylene blue as the anolyte and B. braunii in soap industry wastewater as the catholyte. Present study demonstrates the potential of the coupling of cultivation of photosynthetic B. braunii for biodiesel production with the wastewater treatment plant as a sustainable source of electricity in microbial fuel cells.
Considerations for Embedding On-Line Components into Traditional Classroom Environments

The use of on-line instructional delivery techniques such as instructional web sites, online communication tools, and multimedia productions to deliver classes is a rapidly growing practice in education. It has been suggested that most universities offer some courses using online technology (Beller & Or, 1998). Recent literature related to effectiveness of and satisfaction with on-line instruction focused on reasons to implement on-line instruction as a replacement for traditional face-to-face instruction and on comparing student achievement and attitudes toward this approach to delivery. Various reasons have been noted for delivery of instruction on-line.
Users in low-energy buildings: Consequences for clients

The performance of low energy building relies not only on the quality of design, construction and operation but also on users’ behaviour. To illustrate this situation, the study compares cases of low energy buildings in France and Sweden, countries with similar ambitions but following different policies to implement thermal regulations and evolving within distinctive contexts. The research indicates that there is a mismatch between predicted energy value and the real performance of the building. To limit this gap, there is a need to develop new relationships between clients, occupants and operators and to promote professional clients who can interpret users’ needs without jeopardizing the energy performance of the building.
Food and feed safety aspects of cisgenic crop plant varieties

This report presents the results of the discussions that identified food and feed safety aspects of cisgenic plant varieties in comparison to conventional varieties on the one hand and transgenic plant varieties on the other hand. It was concluded that on the basis of the general characteristics of cisgenic plant varieties, there is, from a food and feed safety perspective, no scientific basis for a general reduction of requirements for cisgenic crop plant varieties.
Estimating Real and Nominal Term Structures Using Treasury Yields, Inflation, Inflation Forecasts, and Inflation Swap Rates

This paper develops and estimates an equilibrium model of the term structures of nominal and real interest rates. The term structures are driven by state variables that include the short term real interest rate, expected inflation, a factor that models the changing level to which inflation is expected to revert, as well as four volatility factors that follow GARCH processes. We derive analytical solutions for the prices of nominal bonds, inflation-indexed bonds that have an indexation lag, the term structure of expected inflation, and inflation swap rates. The model parameters are estimated using data on nominal Treasury yields, survey forecasts of inflation, and inflation swap rates. We find that allowing for GARCH effects is particularly important for real interest rate and expected inflation processes, but that long–horizon real and inflation risk premia are relatively stable. Comparing our model prices of inflation-indexed bonds to those of Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS) suggests that TIPS were underpriced prior to 2004 but subsequently were valued fairly. We find that unexpected increases in both short run and longer run inflation implied by our model have a negative impact on stock market returns.
Alien and native plant life‐forms respond differently to human and climate pressures

Aim To investigate whether differences in the elevational trend in native and alien species richness were dependent on climate or human pressures. Specifically we tested whether life-form and/or alien/native status modifies the response of plant species richness to human population and temperature along: (1) a complete elevational gradient, and (2) within separate elevational bands that, by keeping temperature within a narrow range, elucidate the effects of human pressures more clearly. Location Two provinces (c. 7507 km 2 ) on the southern border of the European Alps (Italy), subdivided into 240 contiguous sampling cells (c. 35.7 km 2 ). Methods We used an extensive dataset on alien and native species richness across an elevation gradient (20‐2900 m a.s.l.). Richness of natives and naturalized aliens were separately related to temperature, human population and Raunkiaer life-form using general linear mixed models. Life-form describes different plant strategies for survival during seasons with adverse cold/arid conditions. Results The relationship between species richness and temperature for natives was strongly dependent on life-form, while aliens showed a consistent positive trend. Similar trends across alien and native life-forms were found for the relationship between species richness and human population along the whole gradient and within separate elevational bands. Main conclusions The absence of life-form-dependent responses amongst aliens supports the hypothesis that the distribution of alien plant species richness was more related to propagule pressure and availability of novel niches created by human activities than to climatic filtering. While climate change will potentially contribute to relaxing species thermal constraints, the response of alien species to future warming will also be contingent on changes in anthropogenic pressures.