Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Other People's Opinions: An Experimental Study

Expert opinions are often biased. To test how such bias affects the propensity to use opinions, we set up an experiment where subjects estimate the probability of an event that depends on (i) the subject's type, which is observable, and (ii) the unobserved state of the world. Before making their estimate, one group of subjects, the clients, observe the opinion (estimate) of another subject, the expert. The expert has private information about the state, but he may be of a different type than the clients, and therefore biased. Bias is observable and easily corrected. In spite of this, we find that clients' propensity to use expert opinions is decreasing in the size of the expert's bias. This aversion to use the opinions of biased experts is not explained by computational concerns, ex-post expert informativeness or reluctance to move away from the prior.
Efficiency of Single Plant Selection for Grain Iron and Zinc Density in Pearl Millet

Single plant selection, if effective, can make significant contributions to enhance breeding efficiency. This hypothesis was tested for grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) density in four populations of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. ). Inbreeding and selection in advancing generations is normally practiced by evaluating progenies in unreplicated nurseries or at most in 2-replication trials. In each population in this study, grain samples of 40 random individual plants (hereafter referred to as S0 plants) and their S1 progenies grown in 2-replication trials for two seasons (called as environments) were analyzed for Fe and Zn density using ICP analytical method. In each population, correlation coefficients between S0 plants and their respective S1 progenies (whether individual environment or the mean of both environments) both for Fe and Zn density were positive, highly significant, and of the similar order as the correlation coefficients between the two environments for the S1 progeny performance. Also, the patterns of correlation coefficients between the S0 plants and either of the two replications of the S1 progenies in each environment were similar to those between the two replications for S1 progeny performance in both environments and in all four populations. While the Fe and Zn density were positively and highly significantly correlated, these were not correlated with grain mass. The patterns of these associations were similar both at the S0 plant level as well as at the S1 progeny level in each population. These results suggest that individual plant selection can be effectively used for simultaneous genetic improvement of both grain Fe and Zn density without compromising on grain size
Overexpression of the Tryptophan Cluster in Corynebacterium Glutamicum

Extract the total DNA of HYHI, Trp cluster were cloned by PCR according to the DNA of HYHI, the length is 7100bp. Then the gene was connect to the expression vector pZ8-1, recombinant plasmid pZ8-1-Trp cluster was obtained. The plasmid was transferred to HYHI. The positive bacteria were induced by IPTG and determination by SDS-PAGE. The consequence show that the gene cluster is expression. And the same time, anthranilic acid synthase and tryptophan synthetase activity compared with the control increased 2.4 and 3.1 times, respectively. Keywords-Corynebacterium glutamicum; tryptophan operon; overexpression
A T ] 1 4 M ay 2 01 8 Quasi-Elliptic Cohomology

Quasi-elliptic cohomology is a variant of Tate K-theory. It is the orbifold K-theory of a space of constant loops. For global quotient orbifolds, it can be expressed in terms of equivariant K-theories. This theory reflects the geometric nature of the Tate curve and serves as a breakthrough point to solve problems on elliptic cohomology theories. In this paper we provide a systematic introduction of its construction and definition.
Women, the ‘ongoing Process of Worldwide Primitive Accumulation’ and Female Plantation Workers of Sri Lanka: A Marxist Feminist Analysis

Contemporary feminist theorists while drawing upon original Marxian propositions, differ from the Marxist view of seeing primitive accumulation as preceding capitalist accumulation. Rather they view primitive accumulation as an ‘ongoing’ process simultaneous with capital accumulation, and more importantly place ‘women’ at the centre of this worldwide process of expropriation and deprivation of power. In this paper, I attempt to read my ethnographic experiences with female plantation workers of a third world/post colonial location – Sri Lanka; in the light of this alternative theoretical claim stemming from a Marxist analysis yet with a feminist turn. The paper is woven around the birth of Madumani’s daughter, a baby girl born to an ‘estate mother’ during my stay at the estate and my many close interactions with the young mother and daughter and their many female relatives all of whom are working as laborers in the estate. Their stories as I narrate here shed light on the manner in which women, especially proletarian women of the third world, are placed at the center of an ‘ongoing process of worldwide primitive accumulation’as argued by Marxist Feminist writersand robbed not only of their labour but also of their bodies, their knowledge and their skills; struggling to make a living in these third world plantation estates.
Estimating Acceleration and Lane-Changing Dynamics from Next Generation Simulation Trajectory Data

The Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) trajectory data sets provide longitudinal and lateral positional information for all vehicles in certain spatiotemporal regions. Velocity and acceleration information cannot be extracted directly because the noise in the NGSIM positional information is greatly increased by the necessary numerical differentiations. A smoothing algorithm is proposed for positions, velocities, and accelerations that can also be applied near the boundaries. The smoothing time interval is estimated on the basis of velocity time series and the variance of the processed acceleration time series. The velocity information obtained in this way is then applied to calculate the density function of the two-dimensional distribution of velocity and inverse distance and the density of the distribution corresponding to the “microscopic” fundamental diagram. It is also used to calculate the distributions of time gaps and times to collision, conditioned to several ranges of velocities and velocity differences. By simulating virtual stationary detectors, it is shown that the probability for critical values of the times to collision is greatly underestimated when estimated from single-vehicle data of stationary detectors. Finally, the lane-changing process is investigated, and a quantitative criterion is formulated for the duration of lane changes that is based on the trajectory density in normalized coordinates. There is a noisy but significant velocity advantage in favor of the targeted lane that decreases immediately before the change due to anticipatory accelerations.
Effects of extended grazing during mid, late or throughout pregnancy, and winter shearing of housed ewes, on ewe and lamb performance

to five treatments for the period from 7 December (~ day 47 of pregnancy) to lambing. The treatments were: housed shorn (HS), housed unshorn (HU), grazing throughout (EG), grazing to 20 January followed by housing (EGH), housed to 20 January followed by grazing (HEG). From 1 March to lambing the HEG and EG ewes were dispersed on the paddocks intended for grazing post lambing. All ewes were offered a concentrate supplement during the final 6 weeks of pregnancy. Housed ewes were offered grass silage while ewes on extended grazing were allocated 1.3 kg herbage dry matter per head per day from swards that had been closed for approximately 10 weeks. Ewes plus lambs (except triplet-rearing ewes which were grazed separately) from all treatments were grazed together post lambing, grouped according to lambing date. For treatments HS, HU, EGH, HEG and EG gestation lengths were 147.0,145.6,146.3,146.6 and 146.9 (s.e. 0.34, P < 0.001) days, lamb birth weights were 4.9, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 and 5.0 (s.e. 0.10, P < 0.001) kg, and lamb weaning weights were 34.6,32.1,33.3,33.8 and 34.9 (s.e. 0.66, P < 0.001) kg, respectively. Extended grazing in mid and late pregnancy resulted in 35% and 65%, respectively, of the increase in lamb birth weight associated with extended grazing throughout. Treatment effects on lamb birth weight were associated with those on weaning weight (P < 0.01, R2 = 0.93). It is concluded that extended grazing or shearing of housed ewes increased lamb birth weight and subsequent weaning weight. The increased lamb birth weight from deferred grazing in mid pregnancy was probably due to improved protein utilisation from the grazed herbage. Meanwhile, the increased
Inequality and development: the role of opportunities and free-will

Individual income is determined by free-will actions related to the level of effort exerted and by opportunities determined by aspects beyond the individual's control, such as family background, race, place of birth or health endowments. Taking human capital as the main engine of development, we build a general equilibrium overlapping generations model to study the effect of inequality of free-will and inequality of opportunity on real per capita income. When the process of human capital accumulation is convex, we show that inequality of opportunity has a negative and monotone impact on this degree of development, while the effect of inequality of free-will is positive. However, when human capital is accumulated according to a non-convex process, multiplicity of equilibria and poverty traps arise. For economies with a low percentage of trapped dynasties (rich), the same result as for the convex model is obtained. However, for poor economies, while the relationship between free-will inequality and development generally remains positive, that between inequality of opportunity and human capital takes on an inverted U-shape.
Towards a neural networks-based prediction tool devoted to low water-levels forecasting: relevant architecture selection based on main physical processes

Karst aquifers provide water resource for a large part of the Mediterranean population and water resource becomes a strategic problem during summer when population increases due to tourism. To help managers to optimize the exploitation of water, this work studies the ability of a neural network model to efficiently simulate water levels in the Ceze River, connected to a karst aquifer, few months ahead during the dry season. The neural model is based on recurrent multilayer perceptrons that learn the relations between inputs (mainly rainfall and ETP) and output (water level). After a training step using 17 years of data, the model is assessed on a never seen year to be validated. A particular attention is devoted to the dry season (from May to September). The model achieved good forecast of the maximal observed drawdown. Several architectures were run, each related to a supposed physical processes or to a strategy of modelling. Recurrent multilayer perceptrons were used to achieve these hypotheses, and thanks to a rigorous process of variables and model complexity selection, the resulting performances were very satisfying. Assessment of the model was done on one of the drier summer of the database composed of 19 years of daily water-levels. For the five tested architectures, Nash criteria evolve between 0.84 to 0.9 on the whole year, and between 0 to 0.6 on the drier period (June to August). As this modelling strategy can be fed by rainfall scenario, it could help managers to optimize anthropogenic impacts on the river and preserve natural ecosystems. The methodology is generic and thus can be used with profit by managers on other hydro systems.
Halophilic Bacterial and Archaeal Communities Composition of the Brine of Tainan Salt Field in Lianyungang, China

Salt lakes are important mineral resources which contain a variety of salts(mainly NaCl). Salt lakes, as a special environment of high salt concentration, are rich in halophilic microorganisms(Oren, 2002). As an important part of the salt lake ecosystem, the halophilic microorganisms have special genetic mechanism and unique metabolites, which have great application research value and development prospect(He & Lee, 1993). China is a multi-salt lake country, therefore it is of great significance to understand and study the community structure of microorganisms in Chinese salt lakes(Zheng et al., 2002). It is one of the most important tasks for scientific workers to study its genetic evolution, separation and extraction and its comprehensive utilization in combination with the characteristics of Chinese unique and rich mineral resources.
Optimization of Emulsification Process Parameters of Cinnamon Oil Nanoemulsions

Essential oil is a complex blend of a variety of volatile molecules such as terpenoids, phenol-derived aromatic components. Cinnamon oil (extracted from Cinnamon burmannii ) with strong antibacterial properties which show low bioavailability due to its lipophilicity. The use of nanoemulsion-based formulations is one of several approaches found to be efficient in improving the bioavailability of lipophilic entities such as cinnamon oil. This study explores the effects of various emulsifying conditions on the physicochemical properties and stability evaluation of cinnamon oil nanoemulsion in order to optimize its production method. Cinnamon oil nanoemulsion prepared in various emulsifying conditions was evaluated for its effects on the physicochemical characteristics and stability for a period of 3 months. The optimal formulation obtained required 5 minutes and 12000 rpm pre-homogenizing speed, high pressure (500 bars) and 3 cycles with the composition of 20% surfactant, 15% cinnamon oil and 85% water. Cinnamon oil loaded in the optimal formulation were stable after the manufacturing process and storage at 4°C±2 °C, 28°C±2 °C and 40°C±2 °C for 3 months. The finding of this study will lead to the possibility of this formulation to be used as one of the methods to improve cinnamon oil bioavailability.
Direct Power based Sliding Mode Control of AC-DC Converter with Reduced THD

Direct Power based Sliding Mode (DPSMC) control for controlling single phase AC-DC pre regulator assuring unity power factor and stable output voltage under load variation is proposed in this paper. Direct Power Based Control (DPC) commonly applied for three phase circuits, is combined with Sliding mode control (SMC) to control and regulate the single-phase AC-DC pre regulator. The proposed DPSMC apart from being simple to design and robust to parameter variations also helps in reducing the line current distortion inherent to AC-DC Converters. The design of the proposed power based sliding mode control along with its existence condition is discussed. The performance of the proposed method over conventional sliding mode control is assessed through computer simulations and the feasibility of the proposed controller is confirmed through experimental implementation carried out with the help of LabVIEW and sbRIO FPGA development board.
(Bromodimethyl)sulfonium Bromide Mediated Rapid and Facile Protection of Amines

Abstract A new clean protocol for protection of aryl and aliphatic amines with t-butoxycarbonyl (t-BOC) and benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz) catalyzed by simple (bromodimethyl)sulfonium bromide has been developed. Rapid protection of amines in excellent yields in totally solvent-free conditions has been achieved.
DWPF VITRIFICATION-CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RADIOACTIVE GLASS BEING PRODUCED DURING IMMOBILIZATION OF THE SECOND BATCH OF HLW SLUDGE

For approximately the last five years, the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at Savannah River Site (SRS) has been immobilizing the radioactive high-level waste sludges at SRS into a borosilicate glass for permanent disposal in a geologic repository. Currently the DWPF is immobilizing sludge from Macro Batch 2. Macro Batch 1 took ~30 months to complete and resulted in 0.9 million kilograms of glass produced from immobilizing 1.6 million liters of waste. For every macro batch, SRS is required to take a least one glass sample from the pour stream of the melter for characterization at Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC). This characterization involves determining the density of the glass, its radioactive and nonradioactive composition, its durability in an ASTM 1285 leach test, and its microstructure. This paper reports the results of this characterization for a glass sample taken from the pour stream of the melter during processing Macro Batch 2. The nonradioactive composition is compared to that for glass samples prepared from the waste being fed to the melter when the Macro Batch 2 sample was taken. The agreement is excellent confirming that the composition of the glass coming from the melter can be predicted by analyzing samples from the melter feed tank. Also in this paper the composition (both radioactive and nonradioactive) of the Macro Batch 2 glass is compared to that for a glass taken from Macro Batch 1. The nonradioactive compositions are similar except that the concentration of Al is higher and that for Fe lower in the Macro Batch 2 glass. Analyses of the radioactive compositions indicate that the concentrations of U-235 fission products are ~6 times higher in the Macro Batch 2 glass while concentrations of actinides are similar in the two macro batches. Data is also presented in the paper based on a waste dilution factor indicating that a sizeable fraction of the radionuclide C-14 is not immobilized in the glass but is volatilized during processing in the DWPF. Finally, results of the ASTM leach test at SRTC indicated that the glass was more durable than the Environmental Assessment glass for the DWPF. This is one of the criteria for acceptance of the glass at a Federal geologic repository.
Nearly a bit angry or just so happy? – Intensifiers as contextualization cues

Obwohl sich bereits zahlreiche linguistische Arbeiten mit dem Aspekt der Intensivierung von Emotionen beschäftigt haben, fällt auf, dass die wenigsten dabei den Kontext berücksichtigen, in den spezifische Emotionskonzepte eingebettet sind. Vorliegender Artikel soll dem entgegenwirken und untersucht aus sowohl kognitiv-linguistischer als auch kontrastiver Sicht und vor allem unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Kontextes Intensivierung in Bezug auf die Emotionskonzepte AERGER / ANGER und FREUDE / HAPPINESS. Insbesondere wird doppelte Intensivierung (DI) behandelt, d.h. solche Fälle, in denen durch zwei unterschiedliche Typen von Intensitätspartikeln bzw. -adverbien intensiviert wird. Die Studie beruht auf einem vergleichbaren und ausgewogenen Korpus elizitierter Erzähltexte, die von englischen und deutschen StudentInnen verfasst wurden. Die Analyse zeigt, dass DI in beiden Sprachen existiert und unibzw. bidirektional sein kann. Im Deutschen ist die Okkurrenz von DI häufiger und auf alle Intensivierungsarten verteilt. In beiden Sprachen sind Intensitätspartikel darüber hinaus als Kontextualisierungshinweise zu betrachten, die, abgesehen von ihrer gradierenden Funktion, eine wichtige Rolle dabei spielen, bestimmte prototypische Emotionskonzepte im Diskurs in den Vorderbzw. Hintergrund zu stellen. Der systematische Gebrauch dieser und weiterer Kontextualisierungshinweise ist in die kognitive Struktur des Emotionsereignisses eingebettet.
Dynamics of magnetostatically coupled vortices in magnetic nanodisks

The dynamics of magnetostatically coupled vortices in two nanodisks is here investigated analytically and numerically. The rigid vortex model is employed to calculate the magnetostatic interaction between the nanodisks. We use Thiele's equation where collective degrees of freedom describe the motion of each vortex core. We find that there are eigenfrequencies of circular vortex core motion around the disk center, which depend on the core polarizations of the vortices. We also obtain the energy absorption rate of the system when subjected to an oscillating in-plane magnetic field. Finally, we can draw an analogy between this vortex system and a van der Waals diatomic molecule.
Toward a Measure of Community Journalism

This article reports the first stage in the development of a multiple-item summated scale to measure the degree to which media outlets aid community. Through a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of scholarship on community and news media, the article develops theoretical constructs of community and community journalism as well as general items for a summated measurement scale. Findings suggest (a) community is a process of negotiating shared symbolic meaning, and (b) degree of structure, or the degree to which facilities, institutions, and spaces are structured for interaction, facilitates the process of negotiation and sharing. In light of this definition of community as process, community news media should (a) facilitate the process of negotiating and making meaning about community and (b) reveal or ensure understanding of community structure. Community media aid this process by both listening and leading and by both encouraging pluralism and offering cohesive, coherent representations of the community.
Do Taxes Influence Where U.S. Corporations Invest?

This paper uses data aggregated from tax returns of more than 500 U. S. multinational corporations (MNCs) to identify the role of host country tax rates in determining the amount of capital invested in 60 potential locations. The empirical results show that average effective tax rates have a significant effect on the choice of a location and the amount of capital invested there. A lower tax rate that increases the after-tax return to capital by one percent is associated with about 3 percent more real capital invested if the country has an open trade regime. The attractive power of low tax rates is weakened if the country has a more restrictive trade regime. Approximately 19 percent of U.S. capital abroad would be in a different location in the absence of any effect of taxes.
MATHEMATICS OF MEAN FIELD SPIN GLASSES AND THE REPLICA METHOD LECTURE 7 : SOLUTION OF THE CW MODEL BY DE FINETTI

This lecture is based on the paper of Fannes, Spohn and Verbeure [2], although specialized to the classical (non-quantum) setting. The presentation I give here owes a debt also to Eugene Kritchevski, [4]. To some extent, the best perspective on this approach is to first consider statistical mechanics on Z via the Gibbs variational principle and ergodic decompositions. But to digress into that subject now would take us too far astray. For independent study, we recommend the monographs of Israel [3] and Simon [7].