Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultraviolet to mid-infrared gas-filled anti-resonant hollow-core fiber lasers

We will present our recent work using noble and Raman-active gas-filled anti-resonant hollow-core fiber (ARHCF) technology. First, we will present the generation of supercontinuum spanning from 200 nm to 4000 nm based on nonlinear effects of soliton self-compression and phase-matched deep‑ultraviolet (DUV) dispersive wave (DW) emission in Argon (Ar)-filled ARHCFs pumped at 2.46 μm wavelength with 100 fs pulses and ~8μJ pulse energy. Then we will discuss our recent work on stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effect in a hydrogen (H2)-filled ARHCF, to achieve near- and MIR Raman lasers. By employing the single-stage vibrational SRS effect, a 4.22 μm Raman laser line is directly converted from a linearly polarized 1.53 μm pump laser. A quantum efficiency as high as 74% was achieved, to yield 17.6 µJ pulse energy. The designed 4.22 μm wavelength is well overlapped with the strongest CO2 absorption, therefore constituting a promising way for CO2 detection. In addition, we report a multi-wavelength Raman laser based on the cascaded rotational SRS effect. Four Raman lines at 1683 nm, 1868 nm, 2100 nm, and 2400 nm are generated, with pulse energies as high as 18.25 µJ, 14.4 µJ, 14.1 µJ, and 8.2 µJ, respectively. The energy of these Raman lines can be controlled by tuning the H2 pressure from 1 bar to 20 bar.
E-Grocery Retailing Mobile Application: Discerning Determinants of Repatronage Intentions in an Emerging Economy

ABSTRACT The study attempts to identify the influential antecedents of customer satisfaction and repatronage intentions in the context of e-grocery retailing through mobile applications. Literature survey based on qualitative thematic approach was adopted for the study. The reviewed articles were selected based on Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) framework. The model was subjected to reliability and validity determination through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The hypotheses were tested through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). SEM results revealed that out of the four proposed antecedents i.e. online tracking, design aesthetics, online rating & review, and perceived security risk, the initial three bear significant positive causal relationship with customer satisfaction. The existing study gives a perspective of e-grocery retailing based mobile applications in an emerging market, which is a departure from the past studies which are based on developed markets characterized by higher technology penetration and awareness amongst inhabiting populace.
Toxic effects on model mammalian cells by monohalogenated disinfection byproducts: Haloacetic acids and haloacetonitriles

Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are the second most common class of chlorinated water disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The single cell gel electrophoresis genotoxicity assay using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was modified to include liquid holding recovery time to measure genomic DNA damage and repair kinetics of three monoHAAs: chloroacetic acid (CAA), bromoacetic acid (BAA), and iodoacetic acid (IAA). The rank order of genotoxic potency was IAA > BAA > CAA from previous research. The concentration of each HAA was chosen to generate approximately the same level of genotoxic damage. No cytotoxicity was expressed during the 24-h liquid holding period. Nuclei from CHO cells treated with BAA showed the lowest rate of DNA repair (t50 = 296 minutes) compared to CAA or IAA (t50 = 134 and 84 minutes, respectively). The different rates of genomic repair expressed by IAA or CAA versus BAA suggest that different distributions of DNA lesions are induced. The use of DNA repair coupled with genomic technologies may lead to the understanding of the biological and genetic mechanisms involved in toxic responses induced by DBPs.
Key technologies analysis and design of ultra-clean & ultra-stable spacecraft for gravitational wave detection

The observation of gravitational wave enables human to explore the origin, formation and evolution of universe governed by the gravitational interaction and the nature of gravity beyond general theory of relativity. The groundbreaking discovery of Gravitational Wave by Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory provides a brand-new observation way. While detecting gravitational wave on ground is limited by noises and test scale, space detection is an optimized alternative to learn rich sources in range of 0.1 mHz–1 Hz. Considering the great significance of space gravitational wave detection, ESA proposed LISA project, CAS also proposed Taiji project. Due to the extremely weak gravitational wave signal and high measurement accuracy requirement, the spaceborne GW observation antenna is accomplished by three spacecrafts constitute isosceles triangle formation intersatellite interferometer. The arm length of the interferometer reaches millions of kilometers between them, and the measurement accuracy reaches pico-meter magnitude. There are many key technologies including pm magnitude space laser interferometer metrology, drag-free control using TM of Gravity Reference Sensor, [Formula: see text]N micro thruster, ultra-clean & ultra-stable spacecraft, etc. This paper focuses on key technologies of the ultra-clean & ultra-stable spacecraft, analyzing the design of mechanical, thermal control and magnetic clean. Moreover, it reports the preliminary results of the technological breakthrough.
Using Large Ensembles to Identify Regions of Systematic Biases in Moderate‐to‐Heavy Daily Precipitation

Because of internal variability in both the real‐world and global climate models, it is unclear whether disagreement between models and observations reflects true systematic differences, or different phasing of internal variability in the short observational period. Here, we address this issue through an examination of moderate‐to‐heavy precipitation in large ensembles of global climate models. We find that model inconsistency with a global observational product is lowest for extratropical precipitation in northern hemisphere winter. The inconsistency is systematically greater for the southern hemisphere winter, but the difference between hemispheres could be due to observational quality. Moderate‐to‐heavy extratropical winter precipitation is less inconsistent than moderate‐to‐heavy tropical precipitation in most models. Within the tropics, moderate‐to‐heavy precipitation is particularly inconsistent with the reference in regions including the Caribbean (especially during JJA), the northern and southern flanks of the Pacific and Atlantic ITCZ, and the Indian Ocean.
Poly(ε‐caprolactone): A potential polymer for biodegradable food packaging applications

Due to the increased pollution generated from traditional petroleum‐based plastics and consistent fluctuations in fuel prices, the scientists are focusing on developing the biodegradable polymers which decompose into water and carbon dioxide thereby reducing the litter. Poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) is the emerging biodegradable polymers, ideal to replace the conventional polymers due to its perfect compatibility with other polymers and miscible nature. The present chapter discusses about the chemical synthesis and characteristics of PCL in addition to focusing on the biodegradation mechanism. The potential of PCL for developing biodegradable films and bags in food processing is also highlighted in association with natural fibre, nanotechnology and active packing. This chapter provides an updated information about recent scientific reports on PCL to increase its exploration as a promising biodegradable packaging material.
Effects of exogenously applied melatonin on growth, photosynthesis, ion accumulation and antioxidant capacity of canola (Brassica napus L.) under chromium stress

The present investigation was performed to examine the positive role of exogenous application of melatonin on biomass production, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins, nutrients uptake and oxidative defense on canola under chromium (Cr) stress. Two week old plants of a canola cultivar Ac-Excel were subjected to three stress levels of chromium (Cr) stress (0, 50 and 100 μM) and four levels of melatonin (MT) (0, 1, 5, and 10 μM) were applied foliarly. Cr stress significantly reduced the plant growth attributes, chlorophyll contents, total soluble proteins and total free amino acids, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and yield attributes of canola. Foliar application of melatonin significantly increased plant growth status in terms of shoot height, number of leaves, fresh and dry biomass, enhance accumulation of total soluble proteins under Cr stress. Overall, foliar application of melatonin considerably improved stress tolerance of canola plants by up regulating the ROS scavenging enzymes (catalase, peroxidase). Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements (Fo, Fm, Fv, Fo/Fm, Fv/Fo, Fv/Fm and other JIP-test parameters) revealed that chromium stress caused PSII photoinhibition by damaging donor end of PSII (oxygen evolving complex) and acceptor end of PSII (over reduction of QA). However exogenous application of melatonin protected the oxygen evolving complex of PSII and helped out in maintaining PSII activity. Overall melatonin induced growth improvement in canola cultivar under chromium stress was seemed to be associated with activation of antioxidant defense system which protected PSII from oxidative damage thereby resulting in enhanced photosynthetic capacity.
A Linear AC Power Flow Model for Unbalanced Multi-Phase Distribution Networks Based on Current Injection Equations

A realistic and practicable modeling of unbalanced distribution networks (DNs) is the missing link in most studies undertaken in these networks, e.g., optimal power flow (OPF), energy markets, etc. To address the issue, this letter proposes an unbalanced linear three-phase four-wire power flow (PF) model based on current injection equations at nodes. Also, the ZIP representation is considered for loads. The model can be easily generalized for unbalanced three-wire networks with minor changes and assumptions. Hence, the scope of the proposed method can be extended to cover both low-voltage and medium-voltage DNs. The performance of the proposed model is verified through simulations on two IEEE test feeders.
Cadmium stress alleviation potential of Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume enhances in combination with NaCl

Abstract A hydroponic experiment in NaCl tolerant mangrove, Bruguiera cylindrica plantlets was done to investigate the interactive effects of CdCl2+NaCl as well as the individual effects of CdCl2. CdCl2 alone results in enhanced level of cell membrane lipid peroxidation, damaging normal structure, and function of the membrane and there by leading to reduction of membrane stability index and thus severely promoting the electrolyte leakage than the combined treatment of CdCl2+NaCl. Antioxidants greatly contribute to cope with the stress by scavenging ROS and were more prominent in individual stress than combined stress. B. cylindrica can be categorized as a highly tolerant mangrove species with a Tolerance Index (TI) of above 60% toward CdCl2+NaCl (TI is 70 and 75% in leaf and root). But TI was only 63 and 67% in leaf and root, respectively, on exposure to CdCl2 alone indicating that this plant is less tolerant to Cd alone. The existence of B. cylindrica depends on the heavy metals being introduced into the mangrove ecosystem and imparts a combination stress along with NaCl. In this regard, B. cylindrica survives up to 0.20 mM CdCl2 along with NaCl. Thus, the high NaCl tolerance mechanisms in this mangrove species could be equally efficient in imparting tolerance toward high concentration of Cd along with NaCl and exhibits phytostabilization in polluted coastal wetlands.
Video cases as tricksters, in medical students´ transition to psychiatric clerkship. A liminal perspective

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Objective: This study introduced a lens of liminal theory, drawn from anthropological classical ritual theory, to explore how a preparatory teaching format using video casesinfluenced medical students’ patient approaches in their subsequent psychiatric clerkship. The video cases portrayed simulated patient-doctor encounters in diagnostic interview situations and were hypothesized to function as a liminal trickster. Methods: The study applied a qualitative explorative design using individual rich picture interviews. We asked the students to draw their experiences, which we investigated using a semi-structured interview guide designed to capture and unfold the students’ perspectives. We explored how students navigated insights from the preparatory teaching in their clerkship using liminal theory concepts in a mixed inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Results: The results from 8 rich picture interviews demonstrated that students’ ability to navigate insight gained from the video cases in their clerkship varied according to their roles in the clinical diagnostic interview situations. Students having active roles in the diagnostic interview situation adopted a patient-centred focus demonstrating empathic engagement and self-reflexivity related to their learning experiences with the video cases. Students with passive roles described a focus on how to adopt an appropriate appearance and copied the behaviour of the simulated doctors in the video cases. Conclusion: The liminal ritual theory perspective to explore the influence of preparatory teaching was useful for demonstrating how video cases could affect students’ patient-centred learning. Without guidance and active roles in clerkship, medical students’ learning experiences may lead to a prolonged liminal phase and may not capitalise on the potentially positive effects of the preparatory teaching. Liminal theory may further inform our understanding of students’ learning considering patient cases in educational technology arrangements as tricksters.
Magnetic field amplification by high power lasers in underdense plasma

The process by which an existing magnetic field of ∼102–103 T may be amplified by an order of magnitude along the axis of laser propagation in underdense plasma by an intense laser pulse is investigated. The mechanism underlying the effect is understood to be ponderomotive in nature, initiated by the E×B drift motion of electrons displaced by the laser pulse as they relax towards the axis, and sustained by a combination of quasistatic magnetic field structures and electron Hall and diamagnetic currents. We employ two- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations to numerically investigate the process and find qualitative agreement with the scaling relations found in our theory model. The lifetime of the process is considered, and we find the major factor limiting its growth and lifetime is ion motion, which disrupts the electron currents necessary to sustain the induced magnetic field. This field is found to be of sufficient strength, and is long-lived enough to be relevant for study in relation to applications in radiation production and laboratory astrophysics.
Hotel Interdepartmental Communication: A Case of F&B Service and Sales & Marketing at Mercure Bandung Nexa

This study sought to investigate the communication between the Food & Beverage Department and the Sales & Marketing Department at Mercure Bandung Nexa through the perspective of hotel interdepartmental communication. It was benefited from employing a qualitative method. The data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with the managers of the two departments and field observations. The data collected was then analyzed and carried out through the elements of communication: people (sender and receiver), message, channel, noise, feedback, and effect. This study found that communication between the two departments goes well to keep the service excellent. Based on the analysis of the elements of communication, the only major obstacle is the sudden event that can disrupt the communication process. This result has brought discussion in the context of excellent service being delivered through the communication between the Food & Beverage Department and Sales & Marketing Department. However, this study is limited in the number of informants. More informants should be involved to gather more reliable and deeper data. After all, this study contributes to enriching the application of Interdepartmental Communication in organizations, especially in a hotel.
From the participatory turn of administrations to the bureaucratisation of participatory democracy: study based on the French case

This article sets out to contribute to the debate on the participatory turn of public action and the administration by studying the profile and work of civil servants dedicated to citizen participation within French local administrations. Counter to the rhetoric advocating the participatory modernisation of the administration, an analysis of the day-to-day work of civil servants in charge of participation makes it possible to grasp the dynamics behind the bureaucratisation of citizen participation. Without actually shaking up administrative routines, the specialist civil servants invent new routines essentially intended to maintain the arrangements set up, even when these have little or no effect on the conduct of public action. Points for practitioners This article provides an insight into the processes of administering citizen participation in France according to a double logic of specialisation and dissemination, and analyses the practical aspects of participatory work within the administrations.
Chest Computed Tomography (CT) as a Predictor of Clinical Course in Coronavirus Disease

Background Chest imaging may be taken into consideration in detecting viral lung infections, especially if there are no tests available or there is a need for a prompt diagnosis. Imaging modalities enable evaluation of the character and extent of pulmonary lesions and monitoring of the disease course. The aim of this study was to verify the prognostic value of chest CT in COVID-19 patients. Material/Methods We conducted a retrospective review of clinical data and CT scans of 156 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase-chain-reaction (rRT-PCR) assay hospitalized in the Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior in Warsaw and in the Medical Centre in Łańcut, Poland. The total severity score (TSS) was used to quantify the extent of lung opacification in CT scans. Results The dominant pattern in discharged patients was ground-glass opacities, whereas in the non-survivors, the dominant pulmonary changes were consolidations. The non-survivors were more likely to have pleural effusion, pleural thickening, lymphadenopathy, air bronchogram, and bronchiolectasis. There were no statistically significant differences among the 3 analyzed groups (non-survivors, discharged patients, and patients who underwent prolonged hospitalization) in the presence of fibrotic lesions, segmental or subsegmental pulmonary vessel enlargement, subpleural lines, air bubble sign, and halo sign. Conclusions Lung CT is a diagnostic tool with prognostic utility in COVID-19 patients. The correlation of the available clinical data with semi-quantitative radiological features enables evaluation of disease severity. The occurrence of specific radiomics shows a positive correlation with prognosis.
Assessing interdependency among sustainable criteria and indicators for developing a building assessment tool

ABSTRACT The unplanned and rapid growth of urbanisation and energy demand leads to environmental degradation, social inequalities, and economic instability. These global problems have forced society to rethink infrastructure development to evolve the concept of sustainable development in the construction industry. Technological advances have always been the cornerstone in mitigating the unavoidable side effects of development. To rejuvenate ideas of Reuse, Recycle, Reduce, Renew, and Regenerate (5 R’s) into implementable solutions, the technological dimension is necessary to form a Quadruple Bottom line (QBL) approach i.e., Social, Environmental, Economic and Technological (SEET) for achieving sustainable construction. To tackle and monitor the enormous changes in urban transformation in developing countries, it is important to assess the sustainability of building performance. The objective of the study is to establish the interdependency between criteria and indicators for assessing building sustainability. The findings reveal that the criteria Materials & Waste Management (MW) and Energy Efficiency (EE) secured the highest weight among the eight criteria in the Technological aspect. The study facilitates to understand the interrelationship between the criteria and indicators and will be useful for the development of a new sustainable building assessment tool.
Virtual-sample-based defect detection algorithm for aluminum tube surface

A surface defect is an important factor that affects product quality. However, due to the large differences in area of different surface defects, and noise on various surfaces, defect detection is challenging. The convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods recently developed for defect detection produced higher recognition rates than traditional methods. However, they are typically trained using a supervised learning strategy and large defect sample sets which limits the practical use of these algorithms. This study proposes a novel virtual sample generation algorithm to solve the problem of insufficient defective samples and time-consuming manual annotation in current CNN-based defect detection algorithms. Next, an improved domain-adversarial neural network is proposed, which is trained on virtual and actual datasets to achieve unsupervised learning. Considering the imbalance in actual dataset, algorithm accuracy is improved by changing the proportions of defective and non-defective samples in the virtual sample set, and this strategy is experimentally verified. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with several top-performing defect inspection algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior performance when compared to other algorithms.
Adsorption of thiophene, dibenzothiophene, and 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene on activated carbons

Four activated carbons (ACs) activated by different activation methods from different precursors were heat-treated at 600℃ to decrease surface oxygen functional groups and to separate the effect of pore texture from surface chemistry on their sulfur adsorption performance. The ACs and the heat-treated ones were used as adsorbents for thiophene (T), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) for model fuels with or without a competing benzene. The correlations of surface functional groups and pore textures to their adsorption capacities for T, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT were investigated. Results indicated that the heat treatment not only decreased surface oxygen content, but also caused a pore texture modification. The adsorption isotherms can be well fitted by the Langmuir–Freundlich single solute isotherm. The sulfur adsorption capacity of ACs after the treatment for T, DBT, and 4,6-DMDBT has a good linear relationship with the pore volume of pores within 0.536–1.090, 0.536–1.179, and 0.679–1.268 nm, respectively. The decreased percentage of surface oxygen of ACs by the heat treatment is correlated linearly with the decreased percentage of the sulfur adsorption capacity for all the thiophenic compounds. Micropore filling via the π–π interaction is the dominant adsorption mechanism of thiophenic compounds for both the untreated and heat-treated ACs. Surface oxides contribute to the thiophenic adsorption by a cooperative interaction of the π–π interaction and the acid–base interaction between the basic sulfur atom and the acidic carbon atoms linked with oxygen in graphene edges. A flat adsorption is the most possible geometry in the adsorption of thiophenic compounds.