Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prussian blue analogues: a new class of anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted extensive interest in the context of energy storage due to their high surface areas, controllable structures and excellent electrochemical properties. In particular, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have recently gained attention as a new class of cathode materials for rechargeable batteries. However, the anode properties of the host framework have been very limited. Herein, we demonstrate that nanoparticles of cobalt hexacyanocobaltate and manganese hexacyanocobaltate, typical Prussian blue analogues with the chemical formula M3II[CoIII(CN)6]2·nH2O (M = Co, Mn), can be operated as novel battery anodes in an organic liquid-carbonate electrolyte. The Co3[Co(CN)6]2 material exhibits a clear electrochemical activity in the voltage range of 0.01–3 V vs. Li/Li+ with a reversible capacity of 299.1 mA h g−1. Furthermore, superior rate capability (as the current density increases from 20 to 2000 mA g−1, the capacity retains about 34%) could be achieved, attributing to the small particle sizes and rapid transport of Li+ ions through large channels in the open-framework. We believe that this work provides a new insight into the electrochemical properties of PBAs and opens new perspectives to develop anode materials for rechargeable batteries.
Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Cultivated Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus L.) with Hydrophilic Films

Unique gas barrier properties of hydrophilic films (wheat gluten-based material and synthetic polymer) have been tested through practical application such as modified atmosphere packaging. Mushrooms have been packed under microporous and hydrophilic films and stored at 10 °C and 20 °C under high relative humidity (> 92%). Atmospheric and quality changes (cap opening, color) were assessed during storage. Unique steady state atmospheres, poor in both oxygen and carbon dioxide, were observed, regardless of the temperature and the hydrophilic film used, owing to their high selectivity to gas diffusion. A transitional phase characterized by a CO 2 partial pressure peak has been evidenced and could imply quality change. The proposed MAP model fit experimental data with a mean error of 0.88 kPa. Les proprietes des films hydrophiles (gluten de ble ou polymere synthetique) pour l'emballage de champignons de couche sont observees. L'evolution de la qualite du produit (ouverture du chapeau, couleur) est etudiee lors de l'entreposage. Les proprietes barriere du film permettent d'obtenir une atmosphere pauvre en oxygene et en dioxyde de carbone. Un pic de CO 2 est toutefois observe, il pourrait provoquer une alteration du produit au debut de l'entreposage.
A cultura participativa e a educação musical: a ampliação da visão educacional sobre práticas e habilidades dos alunos

The technological transformations related to the Internet and the social media reconfigured the media industries as a whole and the musical in particular. From Napster, to mp3, Itunes, streaming platforms, reaching Protools and Live software new practices emerged converging with the improvement of old practices. The organization of the musical collection in folders, the mobility of the collection through the interconnection of media and platforms and the music edition in real time provoked definitive changes in the relation of the user with the music. The wide access to the digital spaces of hearing and creation promote meetings that allow the debate, the divulgation and the partnership between thousands of individuals. In this panorama the available resources made the users protagonists of the accomplishment of the production and the collaborative musical distribution. Thus, the collaborations have reached new levels allowing the musical creation engendered by multiple contributions. The universe of collaborative musical creation has aroused the interest of researchers in participatory culture and has become a possible source of experiences for the learning of composition rudiments. Such experiences can motivate understandings about the relationship of students' musical practices to those applied in schools, relationships between learning and popular music, actions in user communities, and practices in remixing communities. This paper aims to answer the following question: what happens when techniques related to participatory culture in music education classes are used? The experiments carried out at the CEFET-RJ institution were attended by classes of integrated technical secondary education in the courses of chemistry, food engineering, buildings, electrotechnology and roads. The results show that the students restructured their relationships with the media to be able to act in a collaborative way. By learning remix applications, they develop understandings that can be useful in a more decentralized and inclusive musical context of student learning. Although such elements are promising for music education, its effectiveness as a school practice may face obstacles both on the part of students and teachers. Thus, the acceptance of participatory culture practices must overcome the inability to legitimize remixing as a creative process to successfully achieve its effects in the context of musical learning.
De Novo Design and Characterization of Surface Binding Peptides - Steps toward Creation of Functional Surfaces

The ability to create surfaces with well-defined chemical properties is a major research field. One possibility to do this is to design peptides that bind with a specific secondary structure to silica nanoparticles. The peptides discussed in this thesis are constructed to be random coil in solution, but are “forced” to become helical when adsorbed to the particles. The positively charged side-chains on the peptides strongly disfavor an ordered structure in solution due to electrostatic repulsion. When the peptides are introduced to the particles these charges will strongly favor the structure because of ion pair bonding between the peptide and the negatively charged nanoparticles. The peptide-nanoparticle system has been thoroughly investigated by systematic variations of the side-chains. In order to determine which factors that contributes to the induced structure, several peptides with different amino acid sequences have been synthesized. Factors that have been investigated include 1) the positive charge density, 2) distribution of positive charges, 3) negative charge density, 4) increasing hydrophobicity, 5) peptide length, and 6) by incorporating amino acids with different helix propensities. Moreover, pH dependence and the effect of different nanoparticle curvature have also been investigated. It will also be shown that the system can be modified to incorporate a catalytic site that is only active when the helix is formed. This research will increase our understanding of peptide-surface interactions and might be of importance for both nanotechnology and medicine.
4-Aminoquinoline-1,3,5-triazine: Design, synthesis, in vitro antimalarial activity and docking studies

A series of hybrid 4-aminoquinoline 1,3,5-triazine derivatives was synthesized and their chemical structure were confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR and mass spectrometric analyses. In vitro antimalarial activity of these compounds was evaluated against chloroquine-sensitive (3D-7) and chloroquine resistant (RKL-2) strains of P. falciparum. Results showed that all compounds had considerable antimalarial activity against both the strains and further docking studies were performed on both wild type (1J3I.pdb) and quadruple mutant (N51I, C59R, S108 N, I164L, 3QG2.pdb) pf-DHFR-TS to quantify the structural parameter necessary for the activity.
Preparation and properties of crosslinked chitosan thermosensitive hydrogel for injectable drug delivery systems

The aim of this study was to prepare and investigate the physical properties of a thermosensitive crosslinked chitosan pregel solution, and evaluate the in vitro release profiles of macromolecules from this sol–gel transition system. Chitosan and poly (vinyl alcohol) were used to form an interpenetrating polymeric network with glutaraldehyde as the crosslinker, and glycerophosphate (GP) was added to transform the pH-dependent solutions into thermosensitive pH-dependent solutions. Rheological study showed that the gelation was dependent on the crosslink degree and GP concentration of the solution. The crosslinked gel had excellent mechanic properties and no apparent “pores” and formed an integrated hydrogel texture according to scanning electronic micrograph. Gas chromatography test guaranteed the medication safety with no detection of glutaraldehyde remnants in the hydrogels. In vitro release study showed that the gelation does not significantly affect the macromolecules diffusion but the crosslinking degree does. These results indicated that the hydrogel formed an intensified three-dimensional hybrid network with interpenetrating molecules, which effectively buffered or delayed the macromolecules diffusion. The hydrogels sustained the drug release over 30 days and could be potentially used as in situ gelling implants. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1892–1898, 2006
Free volumes and structural relaxations in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A based epoxy–polyether amine networks

Two types of polyether diamines were used to prepare model rubbery and glassy epoxy–amine networks with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A; α,ω-diamino terminated polyoxypropylene (POP) diamines and α,ω-diamino terminated poly(oxypropylene)-block-poly(oxyethylene)-block-poly(oxypropylene)s (POP-POE-POP). The structural relaxations in the glassy and rubbery epoxy–amine networks at segmental (α relaxation) and local (β relaxation) levels were investigated by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The characteristic length of glass transition of the networks ξ(Tg) was evaluated from MDSC using Donth's thermal fluctuation approach. While the POP diamine networks showed ξ(Tg) values of 2.0 and 2.07 nm, for POP diamine molecular weights of 230 and 400, respectively, the corresponding values for POP-POE-POP diamine networks were found to be 1.41 and 1.58 nm for POP-POE-POP diamine molecular weights of 600 and 900. This implied diminishing size of the cooperatively rearranging regions with decreasing crosslink density. DMA measurements were used to evaluate the crosslink density of the networks, characteristic features of the α and β transitions in terms of the width, intensity of transitions, and activation energy of the β relaxation. The studies revealed highly cooperative sub-Tg β relaxations for the glassy networks and a truncated but pronounced β relaxation for the rubbery networks. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was used to characterize the molecular topology of the networks in terms of the free volume nanohole sizes and their distribution. The difference of the average distance between crosslink points and the free volume nanohole size was seen to increase with the chain length of the diamines, indicating the fluctuational nature of the networks influenced by the sub Tg relaxation.
Air and water stable 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids

A series of novel air and water stable low melting salts based upon the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation (EtMeim+) have been prepared and characterized; two salts, [EtMeim]BF4 and [EtMeim]MeCO2, are liquids under ambient conditions.
Grazing behaviour and forage selection pattern of heifers in the range

The grazing behaviour of eight yearling white Fulani heifers was studied in two season of year in the south western zone of Nigeria. Time spent on different activities such as drinking, walking, grazing, resting and ruminating were determined using direct eye observation technique. The types of forage selected in both seasons were identified. Visual observations revealed that behaviour was influenced by seasons. The heifers spent 2, 8, 15, 14 and 62% of their time drinking, ruminating, resting, walking and grazing respectively as overall percentage for the two seasons. The forage selection pattern revealed that forbs were mostly selected in the late dry season and grasses in the early rain season. The forages selected in the late dry season were Panicum maximum, Cynodon dactylon, Ipomea aquatical, Leucaena leucocephela, Centrosema mole and Althernanthera dentata. In the early rain season forages selected include Setaria bartata, Echinochloa stagirina, Pennisetum purpureum and Panicum maximum regrowth. It is therefore concluded that the study provides a quick insight into behavioural and forage selection pattern of heifers. Therefore the study can be used to assess grazing animal nutrition condition. Keywords: Heifers, yearling, seasons, selection, forbs, grasses and legumes
Accurate Measurement of Lattice Constants in a Wide Range of Temperature: Use of White X-Rays and Double-Crystal Diffractometry

The use of double-crystal diffractometry using white incident X-rays is proposed for measurements of lattice constants of common, not perfect crystals in a wide range of temperatures. A detailed experimental procedure is presented. Measurements with the full width at half maximum of 0.1° in Bragg peaks can be made at θ=88° without any particular difficulty for many crystals mounted in a cryostat (or thermostat). The accuracy of the change of the lattice constant determined by these measurements is about 10-5 which is much better than that obtained by the conventional diffraction methods. Applications to the measurement of anomalies at the phase transition are emphasized. As an example the results on KNiF3 are shown.
Testing of antifungal natural products: methodologies, comparability of results and assay choice

Antifungal testing of filamentous fungi generally suffers from incomparability of results. In order to illustrate this problem, the polyacetylene falcarindiol and the naphthoquinone juglone, two known antifungal natural products, were assayed in various dilution and diffusion bioassays against three selected microfungi, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium herbarum and Fusarium avenaceum. Broth microdilution, based on the 96-well microtitre plate format, can be scored by various direct and biochemical methods. As examples, direct observation with image analysis and the fluorescein diacetate scoring method are compared. Of the other methodologies used, results obtained by thin-layer bioautography and the radial growth rate method clearly deviated. Disk diffusion results, however, matched microdilution. In conclusion, microdilution offers the greatest potential of all bioassays to become the future general standard methodology. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical Composition and Antinociceptive Properties of Hyeronima alchorneoides. Leaves

Abstract In the current study, we investigated the analgesic activity of a crude methanol extract and some fractions obtained from Hyeronima alchorneoides Allemao leaves and analyzed its phytochemical profile to determine active principles. All the fractions exhibited analgesic properties using the writhing test in mice, but the hexane fraction was the most active, causing 96.4 ± 1.0% inhibition at 10 mg/kg. Three compounds were isolated and identified based on their spectral data: simiarenol (1), β. -sitosterol (2), and amentoflavone (3). Compound 1, a rare terpene isolated for the first time from the family Euphorbiaceae, presented a calculated ID50 value of 18.87 (14.6–24.4)µmol/kg with the writhing test, being about 8-fold more active than two known analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin and dipyrone). In the formalin test, it was particularly active against the second phase, with inhibition of 59.5 ± 9%, suggesting a peripheral activity. In the capsaicin and glutamate tests, it showed inhibition of 52.3 ± 4 and 52.1 ± 6%, respectively.
The Short Series of the Oxygen-Poor Lanthanide Oxide Selenides M10OSe14 with M = La–Nd

Single crystals and phase pure samples of oxygen-poor ternary lanthanide oxide selenides with the composition M10OSe14 (M = La–Nd; tetragonal, I41/acd; a = 1592.0–1559.8 pm, c = 2106.5–2062.9 pm) could be obtained by reacting the corresponding metals, selenium and selenium dioxide as oxygen source. Their crystal structures are isotypic with Pr10OS14 and thus contain isolated [OM4]10+ tetrahedra (d(O2––M3+) = 243–248 pm) embedded in a complex anionic {[M6Se14]10–} lanthanide selenide matrix (d(M3+–Se2–) = 288–358 pm). All three crystallographically independent M3+ cations exhibit eight contacts to chalcogenide anions (O2– and/or Se2–) resulting in the formation of bicapped trigonal prismatic coordination polyhedra. The optical band gaps of the oxide selenides M10OSe14 amount to values between 1.89 and 2.04 eV indicating wide band-gap semiconductors.
A one step approach to B-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes

Tailoring the electronic properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes by chemical modification through incorporation of heteroatoms within the tube walls represents a key method for the applicability of these structures in semiconductor technology. For p-type doping experimental studies on the synthesis of B doped single-walled carbon nanotubes have been reported using substitution reactions, arc discharge and laser ablation. However, synthesis using the up-scalability of the widely used chemical vapor deposition approach has not been successful so far. In this work, we present an enhanced CVD approach using high vacuum and promoting the use of solely one liquid precursor containing B and C to synthesize B-doped single walled nanotubes with unique characteristics on the subject of controlled “low doping”. In comparison to non-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes, these tubes have exceptional stability. From Raman and TEM we observe a very low defect concentration concomitant with small nanotube bundles containing 3 to 5 tubes with a narrow diameter distribution (0.9 to 1.5 nm). The defect concentration is significantly lower than in pure carbon nanotube reference samples. The overall B content and the bonding environment of the incorporated B were probed in detail for the first time by XPS. We identified different B bonding environments at less than 1 at%. This highlights the applicability of a rigid band model improving the accessibility of these tubes with controlled p-type doping in nano- and optoelectronic devices.
Optical nitrite sensor based on a potential-sensitive dye and a nitrite-selective carrier

A membrane responsive to nitrite has been developed which is composed of plasticized PVC, the anion carrier benzylbis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(II)chloride, and the potential-sensitive dye (PSD) rhodamine B octadecyl ester perchlorate. On exposure to nitrite, fluorescence intensity increases, while the wavelengths of both the excitation and emission maxima remain unchanged. The sensor membrane exhibits its highest sensitivity to nitrite in the 5 to 5000 mg l–1 range, and the detection limit is 0.5 mg l–1. The signal change on exposure to 100 mmol l–1 nitrite is as high as +95%. The effect of pH is significant: from pH 5.0 to pH 9.0 and in the absence of nitrite, the fluorescence intensity changes almost linearly by around –9% per pH unit. In addition, the sensor is cross-sensitive to pH: the relative signal change from plain buffer to 1 mmol l–1 nitrite is smaller by 65% at pH 9.0 than at pH 5.0. The selectivity coefficients relative to nitrite were determined by the separate solution method at pH 7.13 and were found to be 8 × 10–3 for nitrate, 1.6 × 10–3 for chloride, 8 × 10–4 for hydrogencarbonate, and 3 × 10–4 for sulfate. The lifetime of the sensor membrane is limited by leaching of the PSD, which is in the range of 1–3% h–1.
Thermal vibrations in convergent‐beam electron diffraction

The frozen phonon technique is introduced as a means of including the effects of thermal vibrations in multislice calculations of CBED patterns. This technique produces a thermal diffuse background, Kikuchi bands and a Debye–Waller factor, all of which are neglected in the standard multislice calculation. The frozen phonon calculations match experimental silicon (100) CBED patterns for specimen thicknesses of up to at least 550 A. The best-fit silicon r.m.s. vibration amplitude at near room temperature was determined to be 0.085 (5) A. As an independent check of validity, a comparison of calculated CBED, experimental CBED and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) data was also performed. The frozen phonon technique provides an improved theoretical basis for the simulation of CBED and therefore annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope imaging.
Structural Transitions in the System Water/Mixed Nonionic Surfactants/R (+)‐Limonene Studied by Electrical Conductivity and Self‐Diffusion‐NMR

The system studied is water/sucrose laurate/ethoxylated mono di‐glycerides/R (+)‐limonene. The types of microstructure formed along the one phase microemulsion channel were examined using self‐diffusion–NMR and electrical conductivity. The diffusion coefficients provide an evidence of the transition from oil‐in‐water to bicontinuous to water‐in‐oil microstructures. The hydrodynamic radius of the oil‐in‐water microemulsions increases as a function of temperature. Electrical conductivity was determined as function of temperature and oil content in the mixture of oil and water (i.e., α wt%) when the water was replaced by 0.05M NaCl aqueous solution. It varies from 1.8 ×10−3 S/cm at α=10 wt% to 4.7×10−6 S/cm at α=90 wt%.
OPERATION OF THE POSITION MEASUREMENTS FOR THE ISOTOPE PRODUCTION FACILITY

$2/ =9>9:/ ! 398 +-363>C !  A366 : 9:/=09 2/ 9=6+79= /? > / C/+7:9=3>3987/+=? =09 +8. + 3987983>9 2,9>2+8+:: /77+8. 77 /. -+,6/:6+8>3=? 83;? /38>2+>3>? 8+7,31? 9? =6C : 29. 90 @/ 2/9:/ 39890>2/-97:6/>/:9=3>3987/+=? $2/: 39>/-283;? /A3>2+8/ 381=90>A+ 27=9>2+>>2/9@/ 3987/+=? 3=:/ /. 9@/ 2/ 2+8  .   +>398+6 8=> = +,& ' @3 ? +638=> :/ 97+>3-:/ 398+8. @/ 398+8. =/ 2/. +>+@3+>2/B:/ +6! 2C=3-=+8. 8. => /7! #-2+88/6+--/== : 9-96 8 9 9 >2/ . +>+ >9 >2/  #0+-363>C9:/ 9 9 =>2/=/ ++ 2/7/+=? =C=>/7-9773==398381+8.383>3+69:/ 381/B:/ C2+=-98=> /. +8 ! >9: 9:/=09 7/8>90.3=/+=/=) *$23==:? + =+>>2/ /&> 398 2/+--/6/ 9 = ,/+7>9+>+ + /. +8. =+0/6C2+8.6/. $2/8/A,/+7638/-98>+38=/312>! =? =/. >9.3+189=/>2/,/+7G=:9=3>398>2 >2/> +8. @/ 2/,/+7G=:6+-/7/8>98>2/>+ =+7:6/ 2/ / +>3-9:/ 398$+,6/ =? 77+ 398+6 =90>2/:9=3>3987/+=? =09 /: -+66/. >2/#A3>-2C+ +66/. +8. 9:/ /. =3736+ 3987/+=? =A3>2383>,? >>23=:+:/ . 3=-? ==>29=/:9=3>3987/+=? =
Crystallization kinetics of a soda lime silica glass with TiO2 addition

Studies conducted into Na2O-CaO-3SiO2 glass composition suggest that its phase transformation occurs from the surface towards the interior of the sample. In a study carried out in 1982, it was reported that no addition of nucleating agents modified the mechanism. Taking advantage of the disposition materials synthesized by nanotechnology, in this study TiO2 in nanometer size was used with the idea that, because of its qualities, it could modify the crystallization mechanism. The glasses obtained as well as the thermally treated samples, were evaluated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) powder method, differential thermal analysis (DTA), and by optical microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Within the range of TiO2 concentration studied (0 – 10 wt %), 10 wt % of TiO2 considerably reduced the Na2O-2CaO-3SiO2 phase crystallization process. The crystallization mechanism was not modified and TiO2 did not form compounds with the matrix components.