Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient AC Optimal Power Flow and Global Optimizer Solutions

AC Optimal Power Flow problem is a large-scale and nonlinear programming with a nonconvex feasible region. Seeking for the global optimizer has attracted much attention recently. This paper presents an efficient technique to find the global optimal solution by the Divide-and-Conquer type approach. Convex relaxation of AC OPF in the form of semi-definite programming was performed to find a lower bound for the objective function value at the global solution. The feasible region of OPF was divided into multiple sub-regions with cuts based upon voltage magnitude and voltage angle constraints. The constraints proposed were developed after the projection of the decision variable of the relaxed problem onto the feasible region of the original problem when the relaxed problem produced a solution that violated the rank-1 assumption. Several IEEE model systems were used in this paper to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Multiple feasible solutions were identified and the global optimal solution with a small gap was found. Challenges in computation costs are discussed and the parallelization of the algorithm to reduce the computation costs is also presented. KeywordsPower System Analysis Computing, Power System Economics, Power System Simulation, Mathematical Programming 1 Gokturk Poyrazoglu is currently with Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Charlotte, NC USA. Efficient AC Optimal Power Flow and Global Optimizer Solutions Gokturk Poyrazoglu, HyungSeon Oh 1 The Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA, gokturkp@buffalo.edu 2 The Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA, hso1@buffalo.edu 3 Corresponding author
A Charging-Aware Multi-Mode Routing Protocol for Data Collection in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

This paper proposes a charging-aware multi-mode routing protocol (CMRP) to collect data in the wireless rechargeable sensor networks. The routing mechanism in CMRP is not steady but changes according to the energy charging status of sensors. Sensors that cannot replenish their energy efficiency use the routing protocol with less energy consumption. On the contrary, sensors that can replenish their energy use the low propagation delay routing protocol. A novel heuristic chaining mechanism based on multi-level convex hull circle (MCC) is also proposed. Simulation results show that CMRP not only has longer operation time than LEACH and PEGASIS but also has the shortest propagation delay time. The lifetime of CMRP is less than the minimum spanning tree by about 1%, but the propagation delay is shorter than MSTP about 21–28%. In addition, CMRP considers both reducing energy consumption and shortening the propagation delay at the same time. The life-delay rate of the CMRP is close to the optimal results.
Density , Abundance and Per Cent Occurrence of Spider Species ( Arachnida : Araneae ) In and Around Mysore City , Karnataka , India – A Case Study

Field survey was conducted to record the diversity of spiders at different ecosystems in and around Mysore city during January to April, 2018. Observations were made from morning 8.00 to 11.00 hrs and 16.00 to 18.00 hrs by employing Visual Count Method at Fixed Variable Width Line Transects and an All Out Search Method. Around 65 species of spiders belonging to 15 families were recorded. Salticidae family was represented with eight species (e.g. Rhene rubrigera, Telamonia dimidiata, T. sikkimensis, Carrhotus viduus, Epocilla aurantiaca, Myrmarachne sp. and Plexippus paykulli) followed by Araneidae (e.g. Araneus sp., Argiope aemula, Cyclosa tuberculata, Cyrtophora cycatrosa, Gasteracantha geminata, Neoscona mukherjei, Larinia chloris,), Oxyopidae (e.g. Oxyopes javanus, O. birmanicus, O. shweta, Peucetia viridana), Lycosidae, (e.g. Pardosa mysorensis, Hyppasa sp., Trochosa sp.), Tetragnathidae (e.g. Tetragnatha, Tylorida striata) and Uloboridae (e.g. Miagrammopes sp.). However, Theridiidae, Eresidae, Pholcidae, Hersilidae, Nephilidae, Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Thomisidae and Linyphiidae family members were very less. The density, abundance and per cent occurrence of different spider species revealed variation in their distribution and there existed a significant difference (F=5.53; P>0.05) between different ecosystems in and around Mysore. Further, recorded spider species shown different types of nests and predatory behavior on various insect species including their own species thereby proved themselves as integral part of local biodiversity amidst different ecosystems.
Supply Chain Linkages : Power , Benefits , and Risk Reduction

The impact of supply chain linkages on supply chain performance is explored. Linkage constructs for power, benefits, and risk reduction are defined and described and multi-item scales are developed for their measurement. The relationships of the linkages with supply chain performance are assessed. One hundred and forty-five manufacturing and service sector managers were surveyed. The measurement scales were assessed for reliability and validity and further assessed within a measurement model context. Study hypotheses were then tested using a multiple regression approach. Results for the combined sample indicate that power, benefits, and risk reduction linkages positively and significantly impact supply chain performance. Power is identified as the dominant linkage for manufacturers, and risk reduction as the most important within the services sector.
The Relationship between Personality Type and Perceived Stress Level: Evidence from Independent Public Accountants

The role of stress in accounting profession has been examined in behavioral accounting literature in many studies conducted over the last three decades. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between personality and perceived stress level on the independent public accountants in Turkey by using Eysenck personality type used to identify the personality characteristics of the independent public accountants and the stress level scale to determine the sources of stress and to specify behavior types in stressful events. Our research findings establish that there is a significant difference between personality type and perceived stress level. In addition, there is a negative relationship between extraverted personality attribute and perceived stress level and a positive relationship between intraverted personality attribute and perceived stress level.
HapticSphere: Physical Support To Enable Precision Touch Interaction in Mobile Mixed-Reality

This work presents HapticSphere, a wearable spherical surface enabled by bridging a finger and the head-mounted display (HMD) with a passive string. Users perceive a physical support on a finger attached to a string, when extending their arm and reaching out to the string's maximum extension. This physical support assists users in precise touch interaction in the context of stationary and walking virtual or mixed-reality experiences. We propose three methods of attachment of the haptic string (directly on the head or on the body), and illustrate a novel single-step calibration algorithm that supports these configurations by estimating a grand haptic sphere, once a head-coordinated touch interaction is established. Two user studies were conducted to validate our approach and to compare the touch performance with physical support in sitting and walking conditions in the context of mobile mixed-reality scenarios. The results show that, in the walking condition, touch interaction with physical support significantly outperformed the visual-only condition.
Novel Approach for Modeling Wireless Fading Channels Using a Finite State Markov Chain

Empirical modeling of wireless fading channels using common schemes such as autoregression and the finite state Markov chain (FSMC) is investigated. The conceptual background of both channel structures and the establishment of their mutual dependence in a confined manner are presented. The novel contribution lies in the proposal of a new approach for deriving the state transition probabilities borrowed from economic disciplines, which has not been studied so far with respect to the modeling of FSMC wireless fading channels. The proposed approach is based on equal portioning of the received signal‐to‐noise ratio, realized by using an alternative probability construction that was initially highlighted by Tauchen. The associated statistical procedure shows that a first‐order FSMC with a limited number of channel states can satisfactorily approximate fading. The computational overheads of the proposed technique are analyzed and proven to be less demanding compared to the conventional FSMC approach based on the level crossing rate. Simulations confirm the analytical results and promising performance of the new channel model based on the Tauchen approach without extra complexity costs.
Trait emotional intelligence is related to risk taking when adolescents make deliberative decisions Games

Most forms of risky behavior reach their peak during adolescence. A prominent line of research is exploring the relationship between people’s emotional self-efficacy and risk taking, but little is known about this relationship in the cognitive-deliberative domain among adolescents. The main aim of the present study consists in investigating whether trait EI (Emotional Intelligence) is positively related to risk taking under predominantly cognitive-deliberative conditions among adolescents. Ninety-four adolescents played the cold version of the Columbia Card Task one month following an assessment of their trait EI. Results showed that trait EI is associated with risk taking under cognitive-deliberative conditions among adolescents. Moreover, the present research showed that trait EI is related to risk taking through the decision makers’ self-motivation. These results provide novel insights into research investigating the connections between emotional intelligence, decision science and adolescence research.
Comparative study of soil water characteristic curve prediction methods

The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC), which defines the relation between soil suction and water content, plays a key role in geotechnical studies of the unsaturated soils. Some researchers such as Brooks & Corey (1968), Van Genuchten (1982) and Fredlund& Xing (1994) have proposed curve fitting equations for SWCC. Fitting equations to the laboratory test data obtained from direct measurement of water content versus changes in matric suction is the most reliable method, but it is expensive and time consuming. Alternatively, there are indirect approaches, which estimate SWCC based on the particle size distribution (PSD) in granular soils and plasticity index in fine grained soils. In this research, we are presenting the drying SWCC of five different soils obtained from laboratory pressure plate and hanging column tests (according to ASTM D 6836, methods A & C), together with application of (1) curve-fitting methods, and (2) SWCC estimation methods based on particle size distribution and plasticity index, proposed in the literature. The materials used in this study are a sand specimen, a specimen of silt and three specimens of clay. We compare different curve-fitting methods and predicted SWCCs with the laboratory data. We found that except Gardner (1958), curve-fitting methods can successfully model the SWCC. We also concluded that any of Fredlund& Wilson (1997), Scheinost (1996), Vereecken (1989) and Arya& Paris (1981) pedo-transfer functions (PTFs) can predict the SWCC somewhat better than the rest of the prediction methods in any of the five soils and none of them is the single best for all these soils.
Proposal of a Learning Management System for Physics Education with the Inclusion of WebLab and Assessment of its Application

The objective of authors’ study was to assess the effect of using the remote Tangent Galvanometer experiment on teaching and learning physics in high-school classes. The idea was to understand how the remote experiment can contribute to understanding scientific concepts of high school students, specifically in physics. Five public high-schools located in the urban area of Guaratinguetá were selected for our pilot test. Only one of the schools has a science laboratory, which is often not used due to the shortage of appropriate material for experiments. However, all five schools have computer labs with internet access. Authors worked with a total of 335 students from five schools. Authors’ pilot test began with theoretical classes, related to the experiment, given by the teachers of each school: Concept of Magnetic Induction Field and the Biot-Savart Law. The classes were followed by a pre-test. After applying the pre-test, the students accessed the experimental activity via Internet remote access in the computer lab. At the end of the experimental activity, the students completed the multiple choice post-tests. All students completed the post-tests. The pre-test and post-test analysis has been used as an assessment method in education and social sciences.
FusionSim: Characterizing the Performance Benefits of Fused CPU/GPU Systems

We present FusionSim, a modeling framework capable of cycle-accurate simulation of a complete x86-based computer system with (a) a CPU and a GPU on the same die, and (b) a CPU and a GPU connected as separate components. We use FusionSim to characterize the performance of the Rodinia benchmarks on fused and discrete systems. We demonstrate that the speed-up due to fusion is highly correlated with the input data size. We demonstrate that for benchmarks that benefit most from fusion, a 9.72x speed-up is possible for small problem sizes. This speedup reduces to 1.84x with medium problem sizes. We study a software-managed coherence solution for the fused system. We find that it imposes a minor performance overhead of 2% for most benchmarks. Finally, we develop an analytical model for the performance benefit that is to be expected from fusion and show that FusionSim follows the predicted performance trend.
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Safflower ( Carthamus tinctoriusL . ) Accessions from Different Geographic Origins using ISSR Markers

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is an oilseed crop with high quality vegetable seed oil. A set of 55 accessions from different geographical origins were introduced to constitute a breeding program germplasm. These materials were characterized by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) as a simple method to reveal polymorphism among them. ISSR analysis was carried out with 13 primers. After agarose gels analysis, ISSR banding patterns were converted into binary data of presence-non presence and matrices were processed. Genetic distances between all pairwise combinations of the accessions were calculated using similarity of simple coefficient matching (SCM). Dendrogram of studied accessions was constructed using the UPGMA (unweighted pair group method arithmetic average) method. A high number of reproducible ISSR bands exhibited a high percentage of polymorphism (69.64%), indicating a high genetic diversity among the material studied. The lowest similarity coefficient was 0.462, observed between accessions 109 and 135, whilst the highest one was 0.962, observed between accessions 68 and 126, with an average of 0.726. Dendrogram similarity relationships revealed some clusters according to different genetic pools. The ISSR markers were very informative and exhibited a high level of polymorphism. The findings of this study would be useful for safflower breeding program in Morocco as well as in other countries of the world. © 2016 Friends Science Publishers
Submarine reserves of liquid CO 2 and glacial / interglacial atmospheric CO 2 variability : using foraminiferal trace elements to investigate the last deglaciation

Carbon dioxide (CO2) plays an important role in regulating Earth’s climate. During the Pleistocene, atmospheric CO2 concentrations varied in concert with ocean and atmospheric temperatures such that during glacial terminations, atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased as the atmosphere warmed, whereas during glacial advances, atmospheric CO2 decreased. Between the last glacial maximum and the late Holocene, atmospheric CO2 increased by ~100 ppm. The factors responsible for interglacial/glacial CO2 variability remain enigmatic. Various hypotheses have been set forth to explain the CO2 variability, most invoking an ocean uptake and storage during glaciation and release through some combination of biological sequestration and changes in ocean ventilation. To date, evidence in support of these ocean-only mechanisms has been inconclusive. A new hypothesis states that part of the rise and decline in atmospheric CO2 during interglacial/glacial cycles was a result of the storage release of liquid CO2 and CO2-rich fluids from marine sediments that blanket submarine arcs. If correct, this hypothesis would account for CO2 variability without invoking large changes in biological cycling of carbon or ventilation. Furthermore, it would explain the -190%% drop in atmospheric ∆Catm during the last glacial termination, which cannot be explained by changes in C production or by shifting carbon between reservoirs in the ocean. Here, Element/Calcium data is presented for planktonic and benthic foraminiferal carbonate samples from a marine sediment core from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific to reconstruct a history of carbonate ion and trace metal concentrations during the last glacial termination. The Li/Ca data are interpreted to reflect the rise in atmospheric CO2 through its influence on ocean carbonate chemistry. A comparison of Li/Ca to alkenone paleotemperatures from the same core indicate that atmospheric CO2 increased and surface ocean [CO3] decreased before sea surface temperatures warmed in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific. In addition, the trace metal data may indicate an enrichment of micronutrients in the EEP during the deglaciation due to enhanced upwelling and flux of nutrient-rich Antarctic Intermediate Water at the site.
Generating Application-specific Data Layouts for In-memory Databases

Database applications are often developed with object-oriented languages while using relational databases as the backend. To accelerate these applications, developers would manually design customized data structures to store data in memory, and ways to utilize such data structures to answer queries. Doing so is brittle and requires a lot of effort. Alternatively, developers might automate the process by using relational physical design tools to create materialized views and indexes instead. However, the characteristics of object-oriented database applications are often distinct enough from traditional database applications such that classical relational query optimization techniques often cannot speed up queries that arise from such applications, as our experiments show. To address this, we build Chestnut, a data layout generator for in-memory object-oriented database applications. Given a memory budget, Chestnut generates customized in-memory data layouts and query plans to answer queries written using a subset of the Rails API, a common framework for building object-oriented database applications. Chestnut differs from traditional query optimizers and physical designers in two ways. First, Chestnut automatically generates data layouts that are customized for the application after analyzing their queries, hence Chestnut-generated data layouts are designed to be efficient to answer queries from such applications. second, Chestnut uses a novel enumeration and verification-based algorithm to generate query plans that use such data layouts, rather than rule-based approaches as in traditional query optimizers. We evaluated Chestnut on four open-source Rails database applications. The result shows that it can reduce average query processing time by over 3.6X (and up to 42X), as compared to other in-memory relational database engines.
The Design and Implementation of a Non-Iterative Range Analysis Algorithm on a Production Compiler

This paper presents the first implementation of a non-iterative range analysis algorithm in a production compiler. Discrete range analyses try to discover the intervals of values that may be bound to the integer variables during program execution. This information enables compiler optimizations such as dead code elimination and the detection of bugs such as buffer overflow vulnerabilities. So far, non-iterative range analysis algorithms have been constrained to theoretical works – actual implementations never reaching the boundaries of industrial strength compilers. In this paper we fix this omission by implementing in the LLVM compiler the constraint system that Su and Wagner designed in 2005. In the effort to implement this method in an actual compiler we had to modify Su’s algorithm in many ways. In particular, we use Gawlitza’s algorithm to handle program loops, and Bodik’s Extended Static Single Assignment form to add flow sensitiveness to our analysis. We have tested this analysis with a compiler optimization that converts 32-bit variables to either 8-bit or 16-bit variables whenever possible. Our implementation of range analysis has been able to process over 4 million assembly instructions in 223 seconds, yielding results on par with previous works. For instance, we have reduced by 39.4% on average the bit size of the integer variables in the bitwise benchmark suite.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MECHANISTIC EVALUATION METHOD FOR WASTAGE ENVIRONMENT UNDER SODIUM-WATER REACTION ACCIDENT

When pressurized water or vapor leaks from a failed heat transfer tube in a steam generator of sodiumcooled fast reactors, a high-velocity, high-temperature jet with sodium-water chemical reaction may cause wastage on the adjacent tubes. For assessment of the wastage environment, a mechanistic computer code called SERAPHIM calculating compressible multicomponent multiphase flow with sodium-water chemical reaction has been developed. In this study, the numerical models for liquid droplet entrainment from an interface of the reacting jet and its transport were newly developed to evaluate the environment of liquid droplet impingement erosion. The conservation equations for the liquid droplet and the source term representing an entrainment rate were integrated into the existing governing equations of the SERAPHIM code. Applicability of the SERAPHIM code, which integrates the existing and the newly developed numerical models, was investigated through the analyses of some related experiments. In the numerical analysis of the experiment on liquid droplet entrainment at the surface of the water pool, the calculated pressure at the point located upstream of the entrainment section increased with generation of the liquid droplet and then decreased to the level near the initial state. The triangle waveform of the calculated pressure was consistent with the experimental result. The experiment on water vapor discharging in liquid sodium under actual condition of the steam generator was also analyzed in the present work. The calculated temperature distribution agreed with the measurement result well. The region with higher impingement velocity of the liquid droplet was close to the wastage region confirmed in the experiment.