Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A defense framework against denial-of-service in computer networks

Denial-of-Service (DoS) is a computer security problem that poses a serious challenge to trustworthiness of services deployed over computer networks. The aim of DoS attacks is to make services unavailable to legitimate users, and current network architectures allow easy-to-launch, hard-to-stop DoS attacks. Particularly challenging are the service-level DoS attacks, whereby the victim service is flooded with legitimate-like requests, and the jamming attack, in which wireless communication is blocked by malicious radio interference. These attacks are overwhelming even for massively-resourced services, and effective and efficient defenses are highly needed. This work contributes a novel defense framework, which I call dodging, against service-level DoS and wireless jamming. Dodging has two components: (1) the careful assignment of servers to clients to achieve accurate and quick identification of service-level DoS attackers and (2) the continuous and unpredictable-to-attackers reconfiguration of the client-server assignment and the radio-channel mapping to withstand service-level and jamming DoS attacks. Dodging creates hard-to-evade baits, or traps, and dilutes the attack “fire power”. The traps identify the attackers when they violate the mapping function and even when they attack while correctly following the mapping function. Moreover, dodging keeps attackers “in the dark”, trying to follow the unpredictably changing mapping. They may hit a few times but lose “precious” time before they are identified and stopped. Three dodging-based DoS defense algorithms are developed in this work. They are more resource-efficient than state-of-the-art DoS detection and mitigation techniques. Honeybees combines channel hopping and error-correcting codes to achieve bandwidth-efficient and energy-efficient mitigation of jamming in multi-radio networks. In roaming honeypots, dodging enables the camouflaging of honeypots, or trap machines, as real servers, making it hard for attackers to locate and avoid the traps. Furthermore, shuffling requests over servers opens up windows of opportunity, during which legitimate requests are serviced. Live baiting, efficiently identifies service-level DoS attackers by employing results from the group-testing theory, discovering defective members in a population using the minimum number of tests. The cost and benefit of the dodging algorithms are analyzed theoretically, in simulation, and using prototype experiments. Keywords. Computer Networks, Network Security, Denial-of-Service Attack, Dodging, Honeypots, Group Testing, Wireless Jamming, Sensor Networks, Multi-radio.
Closed-form analytical characterisation of non-linear oscillations in power systems incorporating unified power flow controller

The unified power flow controller (UPFC) is a component that belongs to the flexible AC transmission systems devices family which has been deeply studied under different conditions of operation within the power network. One of its main applications is on damping oscillations in power systems. In this research, the UPFC non-linear interaction with the power system is studied through the use of modal series method, which is a kind of analytical tool that has the ability to characterise the non-linear effects because of small perturbations. The analysis is based on non-linear contribution of UPFC variables when controller parameters are varied; time-domain analysis and non-linear interaction indices are calculated in order to quantify the non-linear effect of UPFC connected to a synchronous machine-infinite busbar test system.
Statistical nonlinear model of MESFET and HEMT devices

Accurate statistical models of FET devices are needed for yield-oriented MMIC design. In particular, currently used linear statistical models are not adequate in applications where bias point variations have a strong impact on overall yield. The paper describes a nonlinear statistical model of MESFET and HEMT devices in which statistical parameters are considered as Gaussian multivariate random variables. An automatic procedure is developed to achieve extraction of the statistical model of a FET device from a database of DC Ids and S-parameter measurements, and it is checked on a GaAs HEMT monolithic process. A statistical model has been extracted for Philips PML-D02AH GaAs HEMT devices and accurate evaluation of the S-parameters covariance matrix has been made. Statistical pair-wise tests on mean values, standard deviations and correlation coefficients show that the proposed methodology has the capability of reproducing statistical population distributions.
Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of Coilia nasus in Changjiang River Estuary

An estuary region is a complex environment with a transition from fresh to brackish to salt water, and in which some environmental factors change dramatically over small ranges. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of the selection of spatial scale on the prediction of the distribution of estuarine species. As the largest estuary in China, the Changjiang River estuary is the spawning ground, feeding ground, and migration channel for many species. Based on Coilia nasus, an important economic fish species in the Changjiang River estuary, this study uses the two-stage generalized additive model (GAM) to investigate the potential differences in the response of species’ spatial distribution when environmental factors are assessed at different spatial scales (1′ × 1′, 2′ × 2′, 3′ × 3′, 4′ × 4′, 5′ × 5′). The results showed the following: (1) according to the analysis of the variance inflation factor (VIF), the values of all environmental factors were less than three and we found no correlation among the environmental variables selected. (2) The first stage GAM retained six variables, including year, month, latitude (Lat), water depth (Depth, m), bottom salinity (Sal, mg/L), and chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/L). The second stage GAM retained four variables, including Year, Lat, pH, and chlorophyll a (Chl-a, μg/L). (3) The mean value of the Chla for the 3′×3′ spatial scale was significantly lower than that of the other spatial scales, and the mean value of Sal for the 5′×5′ spatial scale was higher than that of the other spatial scales. (4) In terms of the spatial distribution of abundance, the distribution patterns of C. nasus predicted by all scales were not very similar, and the distribution patterns predicted by the 5′ × 5′ scale, in the autumn of 2012, were significantly different from those at other scales. Therefore, the selection of spatiotemporal scales may affect predictions of the spatial distributions of species. We suggest that potential spatiotemporal scale effects should be evaluated in future studies.
Dual-polarization external-cavity diode laser transmitter for fiber-optic antenna remote feeding

A novel approach to optical millimeter-wave (MM-wave) transmission based on laser heterodyning is presented. The use of a dual-polarization emitting external-cavity diode laser (DP-ECDL) combined with the intrinsic polarization sensitivity of standard lithium-niobate Mach-Zehnder interferometer modulator offers a simple and flexible transmitter configuration. The MM-wave signal generated by photomixing of the two wavelength-tunable laser modes of the DP-ECDL has been stabilized by employing a servo loop scheme and sideband injection locking. Penalty-free transmission of 200-Mb/s binary-amplitude shift keying and 50-Mb/s binary phase-shift keying over 25 km of standard single-mode fiber at MM-wave carrier frequency is demonstrated.
A Graphical Comparison of Response-Adaptive Randomization Procedures

Response-adaptive randomization procedures have a dual goal of estimating the treatment effect and randomizing patients with a higher probability of receiving the superior treatment. These are competing objectives, and no procedure in the literature is “perfect” with respect to both objectives. For clinical trials of two treatments, we discuss metrics for comparing response-adaptive randomization procedures that can be represented graphically to compare designs. These metrics involve the simulated distribution of the set of jointly sufficient statistics for estimating functions of the unknown parameters. We explore the binary response and normal cases, and compare numerous procedures found in the literature. We distinguish between metrics of efficiency and metrics that measure ethical cost. Each of these is a function of the joint sufficient statistics. When graphed against each other, we can gauge competing designs in obtaining these competing objectives. We find that, contrary to asymptotic results, tuning parameters that affect the variability of the procedure do not have much impact in the finite case. In the binary response case, we find that procedures that target an optimal allocation based on ethical and efficiency considerations generally provide a better compromise design than procedures that do not. In the normal response case, a randomly reinforced urn tends to provide a good compromise procedure.
Neuro-wavelet Model for price prediction in high-frequency data in the Mexican Stock market

With the availability of high frequency data and new techniques for the management of noise in signals, we revisit the question, can we predict financial asset prices? The present work proposes an algorithm for next-step log-return prediction. Data in frequencies from 1 to 15 minutes, for 25 high capitalization assets in the Mexican market were used. The model applied consists on a wavelet followed by a Long Short-Term Memory neural network (LSTM). Application of either wavelets or neural networks in finance are common, the novelty comes from the application of the particular architecture proposed. The results show that, on average, the proposed LSTM neuro-wavelet model outperforms both an ARIMA model and a benchmark dense neural network model. We conclude that, although further research (in other stock markets, at higher frequencies, etc.) is in order, given the ever increasing technical capacity of market participants, the inclusion of the LSTM neuro-wavelet model is a valuable addition to the market participant toolkit, and might pose an advantage to traditional predictive tools.
Tactile Microgripper For Automated Handling Of Microparts

Abstract As a part of a microrobot we present a micromachined gripper system which has both sensor and actuator integrated. The actuation principle is based on the bimetallic effect. Measurements show that the actuator has a linear range up to 140 μm tip deflection, which corresponds to an operating power of 80 mW. The response time is about 0.01 s. The sensor is constructed as a piezoresistive Wheatstone bridge and shows a sensitivity of 33 mV mN −1 V −1 .
Ultra-low jitter modelocking of Er-fibre laser at 10 GHz and its application in photonic sampling for analogue-to-digital conversion

The 10 GHz modelocking of a fibre laser with timing jitters as low as 16 fs (/spl Delta/f=100 Hz-100 kHz) and amplitude jitters of 0.058% is reported. From the spur-free-dynamic-range (SFDR) measured for a signal (at 2.49 GHz) sampled with the modelocked pulse train, we estimate an analogue-to-digital conversion resolution of 8 SFDR bits at 10 Gsample/s.
High-Efficiency Power Conditioning System for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Modules

This paper presents a high-efficiency power conditioning system (PCS) for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) modules. The proposed PCS consists of a step-up DC-DC converter and a single-phase DC-AC inverter for the grid-connected PV modules. A soft-switching step-up DC-DC converter is proposed to generate a high DC-link voltage from the low PV module voltage with a high-efficiency. A DC-link voltage controller is presented for constant DC-link voltage regulation. A half-bridge inverter is used for the single-phase DC-AC inverter for grid connection. A grid current controller is suggested to supply PV electrical power to the power grid with a unity power factor. Experimental results are obtained from a 180 W grid-connected PV module system using the proposed PCS. The proposed PCS achieves a high power efficiency of 93.0 % with an unity power factor for a 60 Hz / 120 Vrms AC power grid.
Multiple-Objective Optimal Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

To reduce the fuel consumption and exhaust (HC, CO) emissions of parallel hybrid electric vehicle, the control strategy of the hybrid electric vehicle is studied in this paper. First it briefly analyzes the structure and working principle of the parallel hybrid electric vehicle drive system. Then a cost function is proposed which explains the fuel consumption and emissions. According to the minimum principle the minimum of the cost function can be got, consequently, the optimal control strategy can be obtained. Furthermore, in order to verify the effectiveness of the optimal control strategy, in MATLAB environment, it establishes a dynamic simulation model for hybrid electric vehicles. Through a comparative study between the optimal control strategy on and the traditional rules control strategy, the results of experiment it reveals that the optimal control strategy can effectively reduces fuel consumption and emissions of hybrid electric vehicles.
Reduction of Quantizing Noise by Use of Feedback

Summary-Many information transmission systems use a discrete (digital) channel. Since most input signals are continuous, the conversion cannot be accomplished without an error which, for many cases, may be considered to have the characteristics of white noise. A method has been suggested to reduce this error by using linear feedback around the quantizer to shape the noise spectrum. Each output sample will then contain not only signal information but also information about the errors in the previous samples. Such a system is analyzed for random input signals of a rather general nature. Under assumptions allowing essentially no clipping in the quantizer and setting an upper bound on the coherence between samples of the input signal, the system can be represented by a simple model. A comparison is made of the mean-square error with and without feedback. It is shown that considerable reduction in noise power can be obtained by a slight increase in sampling rate. For example, an increase of 25 per cent in the sampling rate provides a 95 per cent decrease in error-noise power. This is equivalent to having about two additional bits per sample in the transmission channel.
Magnetic induction imaging with optical atomic magnetometers: towards applications to screening and surveillance

We propose a new approach, based on optical atomic magnetometers and magnetic induction tomography (MIT), for remote and non-invasive detection of conductive targets. Atomic magnetometers overcome the main limitations of conventional MIT instrumentation, in particular their poor low-frequency sensitivity, their large size and their limited scalability. Moreover, atomic magnetometers have been proven to reach extremely high sensitivities, with an improvement of up to 7 orders of magnitude in the 50 MHz to DC band, with respect to a standard pick-up coil of the same size. In the present scheme, an oscillating magnetic field induces eddy currents in a conductive target and laser-pumped atomic magnetometers, either stand-alone or in an array, detect the response of the objects. A phase-sensitive detection scheme rejects the background, allowing remote detection of the secondary field and, thus, mapping of objects, hidden in cargos, underwater or underground. The potential for extreme sensitivity, miniaturization, dynamic range and array operation paves the way to a new generation of non-invasive, active detectors for surveillance, as well as for real-time cargo screening.
Multiplexed strain sensing by synthesis of optical coherence function with time-division phase shift modulation

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) can be multiplexed to realize a quasi-distributed strain or temperature sensing system by use of FBGs of different Bragg wavelength. For a sensing system requiring large number of sensing points, however, this method has difficulties in cost and multiplexable number. On the other hand, we have successfully multiplexed FBGs of the same Bragg wavelength by applying the technique of synthesis of optical coherence function. The measurement range of the technique is limited to the period of the coherence function. Thereafter, we applied Vernier scheme to the system which actively makes use of the periodical coherence function to distinguish the FBGs. In this paper, we propose a new frequency modulation method, time-division phase shift modulation, which solves the FBG-positioning problem in our previous system applying Vernier scheme to the multiplexed FBG sensing with SOCF. Experimental results are reported.
Online classification for spalling detection and vibratory behavior monitoring

Vibration analysis is the most widely used tool in industrial application for machine’s health condition assessment. Bearings, however, are very sensitive and require special attention. Vibration analysis employs various signal processing methods such as spectral analysis, time-scale, time frequency analysis, etc. these methods are used to analyze bearings’ vibratory behavior by monitoring the evolution of statistical indicators.However, diagnosing the bearing depending on traditional features only isn’t sufficient to assure effective or reliable assessment of the component’ health condition. This paper proposes a multi-features online dynamic classification as a new method for fault detection and health condition monitoring for bearings; this technique uses multiple features, including traditional features extracted from the raw signal, two special features extracted by wavelet analysis, the spectral kurtosis, coupled with a nonlinear principal component analysis and a dynamic classification to capitalize on the hidden information in the time evolution of the features.Through this article, we introduce different measures and techniques used to characterize the health state of rolling, then we deploy a methodology using dynamic classification to detect early defect. To ensure an almost continuous surveillance, this methodology is based on a real-time analysis, and uses specific statistical indicators adapted to the experimental bench. Then, the monitoring of the degradation is achieved through the resulting class of the state of degradation. New parameters such as the speed of the class, the position of the class, the shape of the class will be discussed to inform the state of damage. The suggested methodology is validated by analyzing several fatigue tests from a fatigue bench bearing thrust ball referenced SNR51207.
MEASURING READINESS, ACCEPTANCE AND SATISFACTION OF INNOVATIVE DIGITAL ECONOMY: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS

The paper addresses the need to investigate the social, cultural, and consumer environmental factors that help build a conducive digital ecosystem to enhance Malaysia’s national competitiveness in the Digital economy while using technology to enhance societal well-being and wealth creations opportunities. This paper aims at determining the readiness and level of acceptance of current and proposed applications considered as constructs used in creating and validating Critical Success Factors Framework for innovative digital economy. This study employs quantitative method utilizing a set of questionnaire distributed to 50 respondents in Klang Valley. Convenient sampling technique was used as the selection method. However, to ensure a better representative, respondents are grouped into three different clusters based on age. The findings of this paper are derived from a pilot study conducted among 50 respondents. The findings indicate that the majority of the respondents are actively engaged in online transaction. As far as social networking is concerned, the data show that all the respondents are using internet for email, followed by social media activities (90%). Also email and social media are the most common facilities used by the respondents. Findings also show that majority of the respondents were satisfied with the technological advancement of ICT gadgets, internet speed and the quality of website contents. More initiatives such as tax reduction in digital gadgets, tax deduction in acquiring digital gadgets for every household, digital entrepreneurship training programs for marginalized communities, and legal advices to support people’s digital economy activities should be provided by authorities including government linked agencies (GLC).
SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL SEPARATIONS AND TRANSMUTATION CRITERIA FOR BENEFIT TO A GEOLOGIC REPOSITORY

This paper describes the results to date from an ongoing study to establish the chemical separations and transmutation criteria for commercial spent nuclear fuel that would be of benefit to a geologic repository, as measured by the allowable reduction in repository size for a given capacity. The bases for determining the chemical elements to be separated are described, and include both thermal and dose rate criteria. The benefit to a repository is quantified as a function of the separation of certain chemical elements and the efficiency of the chemical separation, along with subsequent transmutation of some of the chemical elements. The proposed repository at Yucca Mountain is used as an example of a geologic repository for the purposes of illustrating the magnitude of the benefits that are possible and the implications for repository size and operation. This work is being done in support of the U.S. Department of Energy Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative, where numerous reactor, processing, and recycling strategies are being examined to determine the impact on issues important to the viability of nuclear electricity generation, including the impact on the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and nuclear waste.
A dual polarized, Ku‐band patch antenna using hybrid LTCC‐PCB technology

This work presents the design and fabrication of a wideband dual polarized patch antenna to be used in an array for applications such as satellite communication. Our proposed patch is made of 591 Green Tape made by Low Temperature Co‐Fired Ceramic and Rogers RT5870, and is designed to work in the frequency range of 10.7–12.7 GHz. Our result shows that the one layer patch antenna increases the bandwidth up to 17% in simulation and 12.3% in experiment related to the center operation frequency band. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:202–206, 2016
EDLBUILD - DISPLAY GENERATION FOR THE EPICS EDM DISPLAY MANAGER

“edm” is the most recent display editing and managing tool in the EPICS tool kit [1]. A Perl module library “EdlBuild” was developed, which allows programmed generation of edm screens and supplements the standard interactive screen development process. EdlBuild uses a syntax similar to Perl/Tk. It supports all edm widgets and allows configuration of all widget parameters. Easy configuration of site-specific “look-and-feel” is supported and hooks are provided for simple addition of site-specific widgets.