Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Fungal Keratitis in the United Kingdom 2011–2020: A 10-Year Study

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious ocular infection that often poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. This study aimed to examine the causes, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors of FK in the UK. All culture-positive and culture-negative presumed FK (with complete data) that presented to Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, and the Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, between 2011 and 2020 were included. We included 117 patients (n = 117 eyes) with FK in this study. The mean age was 59.0 ± 19.6 years (range, 4–92 years) and 51.3% of patients were female. Fifty-three fungal isolates were identified from 52 (44.4%) culture-positive cases, with Candida spp. (33, 62.3%), Fusarium spp. (9, 17.0%), and Aspergillus spp. (5, 9.4%) being the most common organisms. Ocular surface disease (60, 51.3%), prior corneal surgery (44, 37.6%), and systemic immunosuppression (42, 35.9%) were the three most common risk factors. Hospitalisation for intensive treatment was required for 95 (81.2%) patients, with a duration of 18.9 ± 16.3 days. Sixty-six (56.4%) patients required additional surgical interventions for eradicating the infection. Emergency therapeutic/tectonic keratoplasty was performed in 29 (24.8%) cases, though 13 (44.8%) of them failed at final follow-up. The final corrected-distance-visual-acuity (CDVA) was 1.67 ± 1.08 logMAR. Multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated increased age, large infiltrate size (>3 mm), and poor presenting CDVA (<1.0 logMAR) as significant negative predictive factors for poor visual outcome (CDVA of <1.0 logMAR) and poor corneal healing (>60 days of healing time or occurrence of corneal perforation requiring emergency keratoplasty; all p < 0.05). In conclusion, FK represents a difficult-to-treat ocular infection that often results in poor visual outcomes, with a high need for surgical interventions. Innovative treatment strategies are urgently required to tackle this unmet need.
Egg protein supplementation improved upper body muscle strength and protein intake in community-dwelling older adult females who attended congregate meal sites or adult learning centers: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Background: Older adults that utilize community-based nutrition services are at higher nutritional risk than the general aging population, yet studies on the efficacy of protein interventions in this population are lacking. Aim: A double-blinded randomized controlled pilot study trial evaluated the impact of egg white protein supplementation on muscle mass, strength, and physical function in predominantly low-income Latina community-dwelling adult females aged 60 or older with reduced muscle strength or function. Methods: Participants (mean age = 73.6 ± 8.3 years) were randomly assigned to receive a daily dried egg white (20 g protein) or isocaloric maltodextrin supplement for 6 months (n = 16 intervention; n = 13 control). The primary outcome measure was appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Secondary outcomes were measures of muscle strength and function and dietary protein intake. Comparisons of baseline demographics were conducted using t-tests and χ2 or Fisher's exact tests. Differences between groups were assessed using general linear models, adjusted for baseline values, and differences within groups were assessed using paired t-tests or Kruskal–Wallis. Results: No significant between-group differences were found for all measures, but protein intake, handgrip strength, and the number of arm curls significantly improved in the intervention group. Under-recruitment of study participants and a high dropout rate impacted the ability of this study to detect significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Daily egg white protein supplementation increases protein intake and supports upper body physical function in older adults, but additional studies are needed to investigate its role in the prevention of age-related muscle mass decline in older adults. Trial #NCT03530774 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03530774).
Delineating the potential of the vertical and horizontal force-velocity profile for optimizing sport performance: A systematic review

ABSTRACT The aims of this systematic review were to synthetize the current evidence about (i) the force-velocity (FV) profile parameters (maximal values of force [F 0], velocity (V 0), and power [Pmax ]) obtained from the Samozino’s method in different sports; (ii) the association of the FV profile parameters with sport performance outcomes; and (iii) the effects of specific training programmes on the FV profile parameters. PubMed, SportDiscus, Web of Science, and Medline databases were searched for articles published between October 2008 (conception of the Samozino’s method) and October 2020. Twenty-one studies (10 descriptive, 6 correlational, and 5 longitudinal) met the inclusion criteria. The main findings revealed greater F0, Pmax , and V0 values and better jump/sprint performance for high-level athletes compared to their low-level counterparts. The vertical Pmax showed the highest correlation with jump height. The horizontal F0, Pmax , and V0 were nearly perfectly correlated with 5/10-m, 10/20-m and 30/40-m sprint times, respectively. Training programmes using heavy- or light-loads specifically enhanced F0 and V0 , respectively. These results suggest that the FV profile parameters discriminate between athletes of different sport disciplines and levels of practice, present significant correlations with a number of sport performance outcomes, and can be modified after short-term training programmes.
Statistical learning of frequent distractor locations in visual search involves regional signal suppression in early visual cortex

Observers can learn the locations where salient distractors appear frequently to reduce potential interference – an effect attributed to better suppression of distractors at frequent locations. But how distractor suppression is implemented in the visual cortex and frontoparietal attention networks remains unclear. We used fMRI and a regional distractor-location learning paradigm (Sauter et al. 2018, 2020) with two types of distractors defined in either the same (orientation) or a different (colour) dimension to the target to investigate this issue. fMRI results showed that BOLD signals in early visual cortex were significantly reduced for distractors (as well as targets) occurring at the frequent versus rare locations, mirroring behavioural patterns. This reduction was more robust with same-dimension distractors. Crucially, behavioural interference was correlated with distractor-evoked visual activity only for same- (but not different-) dimension distractors. Moreover, with different- (but not same-) dimension distractors, a colour-processing area within the fusiform gyrus was activated more when a colour distractor was present versus absent and with a distractor occurring at a rare versus frequent location. These results support statistical learning of frequent distractor locations involving regional suppression in the early visual cortex and point to differential neural mechanisms of distractor handling with different-versus same-dimension distractors.
BotCam : design, testing and development of a fully automated stereo-video bottom camera bait station for ecosystem monitoring of bottom fish species

ii We certify that we have read this paper and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a paper for the degree of Master of Science in Ocean and Resources Engineering. THESIS COMMITTEE _______________________ Chairperson ________________________ ________________________ iii Acknowledgements Throughout the course of this project, I was assisted by many people to whom I'm forever grateful. My committee chairman John Wiltshire was a source of great advice from the early stages of planning right through the defense. I thank committee member Geno Pawlak for not only his assistance with this thesis, but also for challenging me throughout my coursework. Special thanks and recognition go to committee member Chris Kelley. Without Dr. Kelley's knowledge and support, this project never would have been possible. through the entire process involved in graduating. Several people at the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division participated in this project. Division chief Rusty Brainard championed this project and kept it alive for a number of years. Project principle investigator Michael Parke dealt with a number of administrative issues and CRED Administrator Marcia Oschiro was helpful in countless ways. Kevin Wong deserves special recognition. He has been an outstanding boss and mentor to me and has worked very hard on this project as well. The oceanography team of Ron Hoeke, Jaime Gove and Kyle Hogrefe not only helped me directly with this project, but picked up much of my slack with my oceanography responsibilities to allow me to focus on this project. The CRED fish team of iv Holzwarth supported this project from the start. Special thanks to Joe Laughlin who was especially helpful. Several members of the marine debris group were a tremendous help down the stretch including thanks to my office mate Molly Timmers who provided a number of the maps contained in this report and kept me sane throughout this process. Frank Parrish and Rob Dollar of the PIFSC were instrumental in many ways getting this project completed. The extensive field work done around Oahu could not have been completed without the help of Bo Alexander of HURL or Rob Wennihan of Cates International. Several Vendor played key roles in the development of this project including the entire team at Australia has been a key figure in development of our stereo-video system and has spent a number of hours working with us. Finally, I need to thank my friends and family who …
Aviation Systems Planning and Operations: Blending Theory with Professional Practice - 'A Book Memoir'

This book contains 15 chapters on aviation from the perspective of developing countries. The chapter headings are as follows: 1. Introduction and the Historical Development of Air Transportation; 2. Overview of the Evolution and Regulation of Civil Aviation and Air Transport; 3. Commercial Air Transport; 4. Airport Systems Planning, Operations and Management - the Nigerian Experience; 5. Application of Theories, Concept, and Models in Transport, Urban Structure and Location; 6. Notable Research in Air Transportation with Policy Implications; 7. Case Study on Selected Airport Regions in USA, UK, and Nigeria; 8. Recent Nigerian Airport Study; 9. Determination of Aircraft Gate Requirement in Common Use Gate System; 10. Aircraft Accident Investigation and the Nigerian Experience; 11. Air Disaster Prevention and Emergency Management - Challenge and Strategies from the Nigerian Perspective/Experience; 12. Basic Principles of Design and Flight Dynamics of Aircraft, and the Aviation System they Operate in; 13. Demonstration of Reason's Cheese Model in Nigeria's Aviation Sector; 14. Impact of Environmental Factors in Shaping Organization Climate in Nigeria's Aviation - An Extension of Reason's Cheese Model; and 15. Developing Flight Safety and Accident Prevention Strategies from Lessons Learned, and the Way Forward.
A Quantitative Analysis of Defect Prevention in E-commerce Projects

E-commerce is a transaction of buying or selling online. It is a methodology of modern business which addresses the need of business organizations, vendors and customers to reduce cost and improve the quality of goods and services while increasing the speed of delivery [1]. In the emerging global economy, e-commerce and e-business have increasingly become a necessary component of business strategy and a strong catalyst for economic development. E-commerce promises better business for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) and sustainable economic development for developing countries [2]. With the advent of e-commerce business, many software providers have started developing e-commerce solutions. However, the emphasis has to be given on developing defect free e-commerce portals. The concept of defect removal effectiveness and its measurement are central to software development. As per Software Engineering Institute Website defect removal is one of the top expenses in any software project and it greatly affects schedules [3]. According to Caper Jones, for improvements in productivity, cost, and schedule, it is important to use better defect prevention and removal techniques [4]. This quantitative analysis is done on five e-commerce projects. The lessons learnt from one project are fed into the development process of the subsequent projects that helped in preventing the similar defects. This facilitated in reduction in the count of User Acceptance Test defects, in the projects developed subsequently
Dementia narratives of emergency department nurses

The Emergency Department is often the main portal of entry for acutely ill elderly patients with dementia requiring healthcare. Emergency nurses assume responsibility for managing both critical illnesses and Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia. Using narrative methodology and photographic images provided by participants, two emergency department nurses were interviewed to understand their experiences caring for patients with dementia. A Critical Social Theory lens facilitated an examination of how dominant discourse about work environment, power relations, and the healthcare system shape their stories of dementia. Findings indicated that nurses’ experiences are shaped by frustrations, threaten person-centred care, and are associated with limited time and knowledge and competing work demands when caring for patients with dementia. Study recommendations include the need for policy that supports culture change in the emergency department, investment in professional development of emergency department nurses, and infrastructure supports such as Geriatric Emergency Management nurses and nurse’s aides
Prospects for head- and crosswind dependent aircraft separations in the context of wake vortex safety and airport capacity

Many airports in Europe and the US are operating close to their maximum capacity and the growth of air traffic causes increasing delays, especially during peak hours. In Europe aircraft usually operate under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). For approach and landing minimum aircraft wake vortex separations depend on aircraft weight category (small, large, heavy), largely in agreement with ICAO recommendations. For departures, usually time based separations apply. The current wake vortex separation rules are generally believed to be sufficiently safe, but rather conservative in certain weather conditions. The present report addresses the possibility of applying headand/or crosswind depending reduced aircraft separations during the landing and departure phase. Taking the mean annual wind conditions for aircraft operations at Schiphol Airport as an example, an initial estimate is made of the potential landing and departure capacity benefits for different wind-dependent aircraft separation strategies. For steep approach procedures (as being considered for reduced noise emissions) the initial assessments indicate a large potential gain in airport capacity. However, further study will be needed to assess the practical limitations and safety aspects for the proposed modified aircraft separation strategies.
Time Based Manufacturing

One of the most competitive industrial management techniques of the decade, time-based manufacturing (TBM) gives companies the ability to react in designing, producing, and delivering products and services to customers quickly. This book explains how TBM can improve a company's product supply system and shows how techniques such as SPC, JIT, TPM and project teams can be integrated to reduce cycle time and improve organizational performance. Other topics covered include linking market and manufacturig through the "customer demand profile", expanding product variety with a product supply system, and enhancing system and process reliability using "first run yield" measures. In addition, case studies from three different industries show how TBM principles are implemented through each step of the manufacturing process.
Geographical Distribution of Amino Acid Mutations in Human SARS-CoV-2 Orf1ab Poly-Proteins Compared to the Equivalent Reference Proteins from China

Mutations in orf1ab poly-protein sequences from human SARS-CoV-2 isolates representing six geographical locations were identified by comparing with the equivalent reference sequences from the Wuhan-Hu-1, China isolate, epicentre of the current COVID-19 pandemic disease. The orf1ab poly-proteins of sequence length 7096 amino acid residues representing 10,929 genomes from six geographical locations comprised a total of 27,895 mutations that corresponded to 2,095 distinct mutation sites. The percentage of mutations was significantly high for RdRp (33.47%), nsp2 (20.04%), helicase (15.95%) and nsp3 (12.61%) proteins, compared to rest of the proteins which ranged between (0.14%) for nsp10 to (2.79%) for nsp6 proteins. A total of 2715 mutations were observed for the unique mutation sites identified for each of the six geographical locations. The distribution of the mutations was; Africa (87), Asia (605), Europe (134), North America (1677), Oceania (200) and South America (12). The RdRp protein contained significantly high mutation percentage (>31%) that varied among the different geographical locations. The nsp2 proteins from Asia, North America, Oceania and South America, the nsp3 proteins from Africa and Europe and the helicase proteins from North America showed high mutation percentage next to the RdRp proteins. The P4715L mutation in RdRp, T265I in nsp2 and L3606F in nsp6 were observed in all the geographical locations with the RdRp P4715L mutation being predominant among the orf1ab poly-proteins. In another dataset comprising 158 genomes in which the orf1ab poly-proteins comprised sequences of variable length between 7084-7095 amino acid residues, 88 additional distinct mutations were observed for the six geographical locations that included deletion mutations. The proteins containing deletion mutations were; leader protein, nsp2, nsp3, nsp4, nsp6, RdRp, 3’ -to-5’ exonuclease and endoRNAse. In this work, all the mutations observed in 11,087 orf1ab poly-proteins of human SARS CoV-2 comprising between 7084-7096 amino acid residues with reference to the human SARS-CoV-2 orf1ab poly-protein sequences from Wuhan-Hu-1, China and representing the six geographical locations; Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania and South America are presented.
Posttraumatic stress disorder treatment preference: cognitive processing therapy, prolonged exposure therapy, or pharmacotherapy?

Of the available treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), Prolonged Exposure Therapy (PE), and pharmacotherapy are the protocols with the strongest research support. To investigate individuals’ preferences for treatment, participants were asked to read descriptions of CPT, PE, and pharmacotherapy, choose which one they think they would prefer should they require treatment, and rate their perceptions of treatment credibility. Two simultaneous studies were conducted: one with undergraduate and the other with online participants, and the latter had higher scores on measures of symptom distress. CPT was the first choice in both studies and was considered the most credible option. Undergraduate participants preferred PE as their second choice, while online participants picked pharmacotherapy. Undergraduate participants found PE to be more credible than pharmacotherapy, while online participants found them to be equally credible. Both groups chose psychotherapy alone as their first choice when given the option to combine psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy.
Area and environmental heterogeneity could shape the hump-shaped pattern of species richness along elevation gradient

Background Numerous studies have been conducted on species richness patterns along elevation gradients in temperate, tropical and sub-tropical mountains. However, few studies have been done to evaluate the combined effect of area and environmental heterogeneity (abiotic and biotic) on species richness. Numerous ecological studies have also failed to quantify environmental heterogeneity which we have done in this research. In this research, we studied the impact of area on environmental heterogeneity on species richness by considering the climate factors, annual mean temperature (AMT), annual mean precipitation (AMP), annual total solar radiation (ATSR), and Soil factors, soil organic carbon (SOC), Soil total nitrogen (STN), Soil extractable phosphorous (SEP), and Soil extractable potassium (SEK). Results Our analysis showed that species richness had a skewed hump-shaped pattern, with the highest species richness being at mid-elevation. The results also showed that climate factors had a strong positive correlation with species richness in relation to area as compared to soil factors. We also found that soil factors could be used to explain the species richness when combined rather than being interpreted individually. This study has showed that area could have profound effect on environmental heterogeneity therefore shaping species richness pattern along the elevation gradient in Mount Kenya.Conclusion The hump shaped species richness pattern can be due to the Ecophysiological constraints for example, low temperatures as elevation increases. The high species richness at the mid-elevation is because this zone has a large land area and also acts as transition zone between the extremes of the upper elevation range and lower elevation and species from either side can coexist since the environmental conditions are on the lower and higher limits for the existence of these plant species.
CP Poly(A) RNA Binding Immunity via Outside-in Glycosyltransfer with MT of BTRC-Activating L12535 and PIN1 Subnetworks for Cognition in PFC|CD14

Background: Ras suppressor protein 1 (L12535) and peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) common molecular and knowledge subnetworks containing microtubule associated protein 1B-MAP1B_1 (upstream) related to cognition by references were identified in human left hemisphere, based on our established significant high expression beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (BTRC)-activating downstream Gene (protein) reconstruction network inference (GRNInfer) and Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Results: Our results show the common molecules exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 2 (EXTL2) interaction with MAP1B_1 both activating TERF1_1 with HSP90AB1 from BTRC-activating downstream GRNInfer database; The common biological process and molecular function of MAP1B_1, TERF1_1 as microtubule (MT) binding; HSP90AB1 as poly(A) RNA binding; BTRC, HSP90AB1, PIN1 as innate immune response from BTRC-activating downstream DAVID database; The common cellular component of EXTL2 at integral component of membrane; MAP1B_1, HSP90AB1, TERF1_1 at cytoplasm (CP); The common tissue distributions of L12535 and PIN1 in Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), PB cluster of differentiation (CD)14+Monocytes.Conclusions: We propose and mutual positively verify CP poly(A) RNA binding immunity via outside-in glycosyltransfer with MT of BTRC-activating L12535 and PIN1 subnetworks for cognition in PFC|CD14.