Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the values of students in the physical education and sport departments

In this study, the values of students in the physical education and sport departments were examined according to their gender, age, grade, and departments. The questionnaire method was used in the study. As the data collection tool, the Portrait Values Questionnaire was applied. The study group consisted of a total of 389 students 126 of whom were female, and 263 were male; and selected from 4 different universities according to the Cluster Sampling Method. The Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal Wallis H Tests, which are among the common statistical tests, were used in the study. The significance level was selected as α=0.05 in the tests. The effect size of the tests was determined to be generally medium-size. As a conclusion, the ranking of the values of the students studying at Physical Education and Sports Departments were determined as “benevolence, universalism, security, achievement, stimulation, self-direction, hedonism, conformity, power and tradition”. While the power, tradition, conformity and security value points of the female students were found to be higher than the male students, the hedonism and stimulation points of the male students were higher than the female students. A difference was determined between the achievement, stimulation and conformity values according to the ages of the students. Although there was no difference between the value points according to the departments of the students, there was a difference between the value points according to their ages.
The Swift/UVOT catalogue of NGC4321 star-forming sources: A case against density wave theory

We study the star-forming regions in the spiral galaxy NGC 4321 (M100). We take advantage of the spatial resolution (2.5 arcsec full width at half-maximum) of the Swift/Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope camera and the availability of three ultraviolet (UV) passbands in the region 1600 < λ < 3000 A, in combination with optical and infrared (IR) imaging from Sloan Digital Sky Survey, KPNO/Hα and Spitzer/IRAC, to obtain a catalogue of 787 star-forming regions out to three disc scalelengths. We use a large volume of star formation histories, combined with stellar population synthesis, to determine the properties of the young stellar component and its relationship with the spiral arms. The Hα luminosities of the sources have a strong decreasing radial trend, suggesting more massive star-forming regions in the central part of the galaxy. When segregated with respect to near-UV (NUV)–optical colour, blue sources have a significant excess of flux in the IR at 8 m, revealing the contribution from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, although the overall reddening of these sources stays below E(B − V) = 0.2 mag. The distribution of distances to the spiral arms is compared for subsamples selected according to Hα luminosity, NUV–optical colour or ages derived from a population synthesis model. An offset would be expected between these subsamples as a function of radius if the pattern speed of the spiral arm were constant – as predicted by classic density wave theory. No significant offsets are found, favouring instead a mechanism where the pattern speed has a radial dependence.
MULTILEVEL MODELS IN META-ANALYSIS OF PRE-ELECTION POLL ACCURACY MEASURES

In this paper, we consider the meta-analysis approach as a special case of multilevel modelling in order to identify the potential sources of dissimilarities among pre-election poll accuracy measures. The predictive accuracy measure is computed to compare the pre-electoral poll result to the actual result. It is introduced in a hierarchical model as a dependent variable and the poll characteristics as explanatory variables. In the model each outcome is affected by a specific sampling error assumed to have a normal distribution and a known variance. Employing such a multilevel approach, we conduct a meta-analysis of pre-election poll accuracy measures in Parliamentary elections in Italy from 2001 to 2008.
Coding and Decoding Design of ECOCs for Multi-class Pattern and Object Recognition

Molts problemes de la vida quotidiana estan plens de decisions multi-classe. En l'ambit del Reconeixement de Patrons, s'han proposat moltes tecniques d'aprenentatge que treballen sobre problemes de dos classes. No obstant, la extensio de classificadors binaris al cas multi-classe es una tasca complexa. En aquest sentit, Error-Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) han demostrat ser una eina potent per combinar qualsevol nombre de classificadors binaris i aixi modelar problemes multi-classe. No obstant, encara hi ha molts punts oberts sobre les capacitats del framework d'ECOC. En aquesta tesis, els dos estats principals d'un disseny ECOC son analitzats: la codificacio i la decodificacio. Es presenten diferents alternatives de dissenys dependents del domini del problema. Aquests dissenys fan us del coneixement del domini del problema per minimitzar el nombre de classificadors que permeten obtenir un alt rendiment de classificacio. Per altra banda, l'analisi de la codificacio de dissenys d'ECOC es emprada per definir noves regles de decodificacio que prenen total avantatja de la informacio provinent del pas de la codificacio. A mes a mes, com que classificacions exitoses requereixen rics conjunts de caracteristiques, noves tecniques de deteccio/extraccio de caracteristiques es presenten i s'avaluen en els nous dissenys d'ECOC. L'avaluacio de la nova metodologia es fa sobre diferents bases de dades reals i sintetiques: UCI Machine Learning Repositori, simbols manuscrits, senyals de transit provinents de sistemes Mobile Mapping, imatges coronaries d'ultraso, imatges de la Caltech Repositori i bases de dades de malats de Chagas. Els resultats que es mostren en aquesta tesis mostren que s'obtenen millores de rendiment rellevants tant a la codificacio com a la decodificacio dels dissenys d'ECOC quan les noves regles son aplicades.
Rumen degradation and intestinal digestibility of amino acids in different roughages estimated by nylon bag techniques

Rumen degradability of protein and amino acids were estimated using the nylon bag technique in four different roughages: cocksfoot, vetch whole crop, clover grass, and lucerne pellets after incubation in the rumen for 4 or 16 h, respectively. Intestinal digestibility of protein and amino acids were estimated by the mobile nylon bag technique in the intact protein and in residues pre-incubated in the rumen for 16 h. Degradability of total amino acid nitrogen followed the same trend as for nitrogen, whereas notable differences were observed for individual amino acids, especially for methionine. Intestinal digestibility of intact feed protein varied between 0.820 and 0.887 for nitrogen, and between 0.869 and 0.931 for total amino acid nitrogen. Among the individual amino acids only cystine differed markedly from the mean value for total amino acids. Intestinal digestibility of 16 h rumen pre-incubated protein was much lower than for the intact protein and varied between 0.444 and 0.748 for nitrogen, and between 0.559 and 0.844 for total amino acid nitrogen. In all samples tested a higher digestibility was observed for total amino acid nitrogen compared to total nitrogen.
The Join CaMgSi_2O_6-CaTiAl_2O_6 and its bearing on the Titanaugites

The chemistry of the titanaugites from alkalic rocks shows that substitution of Ti--Mg is accompanied by that of Al-Si, and the titanium component is regarded to be present in a hypothetical titan pyroxene molecule, CaTiAl,O, (henceforth abbreviated Tp). Therefore the join CaMgSi,O,-CaTiAl,O, was studied in air. The phase equilibrium diagram indicates that the join is pseudobinary, with only limited binary solid solutions of pyroxene between diopside and DisgTpii (wt per cent). At atmospheric pressure pure CaTiA120, decomposes into perovskite and corundum, and spinel appears in place of corundum when Mg is available. Crystalline phases found in the join are pyroxene solid solutions, forsterite, perovskite, spinel and melilite, all of which, probably except perQvskite, are solid solutions. Melilite is confined to subsolidus temperatures, but other phases have their liquidus curves in this join. The maximum solubility of CaTiAl206 in diopside at atmospheric pressure is about 11 per cent, which corresponds to about 4 per cent TiO, (wt per cent), whereas experiments under high pressures (10-2S kb) indicate that the solubility of Tp in diopside decreases nearly to nil. This suggests that the titanaugites are usually formed at relatively low pressures. Optical properties of the pyroxene solid solutions show the increase of refractive indices of about O.O06 for each per cent TiO,. They are always colorless, in contrast to distinct pleochroism in natural titanaugites. Crystal chem;'stry and crystallization of natural titanaugites are discussed in the light of the present experiments.
The Interest Rate Effect on Private Saving: Alternative Perspectives

Lowering the policy interest rate could stimulate consumption and investment while discouraging people from saving. However, such a move may also prompt people to save more to compensate for the low rate of return. Using the data of 135 countries from 1995 to 2014, we show that a low interest rate environment can yield different effects on private saving under different economic environments. The real interest rate affects private saving negatively if output volatility, old-age dependency, or financial development is above a certain threshold. Depending on a country’s specific economic circumstances, these effects are significant for the economy — a four-percentage point decline in the real interest rate, which is approximately the same as one standard deviation for China, would lead to a 1.52 percentage point increase in the Chinese private saving rate. Further, when the real interest rate is below 1.1%, greater output volatility would lead to higher private saving in developing countries.
Synthesis of nanosized silver particles in ion-exchanged glass by electron beam irradiation

Ag particles of 4.2 nm mean diameter have been formed inside a glass matrix, doped with silver by ion exchange, by electron beam irradiation of the glass cut into thin slices by ultramicrotomy. By this treatment, a high concentration of particles which are homogeneously arranged throughout the glass and exhibit a narrow size distribution is achieved (volume fraction of particulate silver: 3.5×10−2). The interface stress reflecting the particle/matrix interaction is comparable to that of isolated Ag particles. This new route of synthesis will allow to generate materials with strong third order nonlinear susceptibility.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Growth of Pension Mutual Funds in Turkey

In this study, the level of relationship between the real growth rate of the stock pension mutual funds that have been involved in the individual pension system and the variables such as the number of fund participants, the real fund returns, fund operating expenses and share of fund assets to the total assets of the funds are analyzed with panel data methodology. The results have reported that apart from the fund operating expenses, the selected independent variables are statistically significant on the the real growth rate of the stock pension mutual funds. Keywords: private pension funds; panel data; growth; Turkey. JEL Classifications: C33; G22; G23
Assessing physics learning identity: Survey development and validation

Innovative curricula aim to improve content knowledge and the goal of helping students develop practices and skills of authentic scientist through active engagement learning. To students, these classroom practices often seem very different from their previous learning experiences in terms of behavioral expectations, learning attitude, and what learning means. We propose that productive participation in these learning environments require students to modify their identity as learners in addition to refining their science conceptual understanding. In order to measure changes in learning identity, we developed a 49-item survey to assess students' 1) expectations of student and teacher roles, 2) self efficacy towards skills supported in the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) and 3) attitudes towards social learning. Using principle components exploratory factor analysis, we have established two reliable factors with subscales that measure these student characteristics. This paper presents the s.
Experimental Study for Effects of Cost-Fewer Nanoparticles on Dielectric Performance of Polypropylene Nanocomposites

In this study, the enhancement of dielectric characterization has been investigated on Polypropylene (PP) as matrix that highly modified by presence of costless nanofillers clay and fumed silica. And so, dielectric strength of nanocomposites has been improved significantly with respect to unfilled materials under high voltage alternating current (HVAC) electric fields. Filling nanoparticles into polymers provide advantages over unfilled polymers because they increasing resistance to degradation according to their types and concentrations. Therefore, an experimental work for dielectric loss and capacitance of the new polypropylene nanocomposite materials have been investigated and compared with unfilled polypropylene industrial materials. A simplified HVAC breakdown model test has been used for experimental tests and measurements; whatever, the rate of dielectric strength of tested nanocomposite materials precedes the conventional polypropylene insulation materials under AC electric fields. Therefore, the dielectric strength is measured for several new polypropylene nanocomposite specimens. These experimental measurements depict that the incorporation of clay or fumed silica nanoparticles into Polypropylene (PP) has been controlled the dielectric strength and voltage endurance significantly compared to conventional materials with respect to their types and concentrations. Finally, a thermal effect on suggested nanocomposites under uniform and non-uniform electric fields has been analyzed that encourage industrial fabrication production for the suggested cost-fewer nanoparticles. 
Restricted Boltzmann Machine-Assisted Estimation of Distribution Algorithm for Complex Problems

A novel algorithm, called restricted Boltzmann machine-assisted estimation of distribution algorithm, is proposed for solving computationally expensive optimization problems with discrete variables. First, the individuals are evaluated using expensive fitness functions of the complex problems, and some dominant solutions are selected to construct the surrogate model. The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is built and trained with the dominant solutions to implicitly extract the distributed representative information of the decision variables in the promising subset. The visible layer’s probability of the RBM is designed as the sampling probability model of the estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) and is updated dynamically along with the update of the dominant subsets. Second, according to the energy function of the RBM, a fitness surrogate is developed to approximate the expensive individual fitness evaluations and participates in the evolutionary process to reduce the computational cost. Finally, model management is developed to train and update the RBM model with newly dominant solutions. A comparison of the proposed algorithm with several state-of-the-art surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms demonstrates that the proposed algorithm effectively and efficiently solves complex optimization problems with smaller computational cost.
The Role of Fluids in Promoting Seismic Activity in Active Spreading Centers of the Salton Trough, California, USA

We interpret seismic activity in the active spreading centers of the Salton Trough to indicate 1) a magmatic intrusion in the lower crust beneath the active Brawly, Cerro Prieto, Imperial, Elsinore, and San Jacinto fault systems; and 2) fluids in the upper crust that have been released from that magmatic body. The absence of a magmatic body and fluids at the location of fossil spreading centers along the Sand Hill and Algodones faults ndicated by little or no seismic activity in those areas. We show several lines of evidence to point out that both melt and fluids related to the seismic activity. In particular, receiver function analysis, Vp/Vs ratios, and tomographic data reveal low velocity zones coincide with the location of the active spreading centers. High Vp/Vs ratios and low velocity zones in the lower crust and upper mantle attributed to melt inclusion, while low Vp/Vs ratios in the upper crust are attributed water inclusions. Frequency-mag- nitude distributions characterized by high b-values in southern California; high b-values have also been associated with crustal fluids. A crustal scale model developed from the receiver functions, gravity, and magnetic data supports the existence of a magmatic intrusion within about 20 km of the surface southwest of the Salton Sea, that intrusion extends for 70 km in a SW-NE direction.
XMM-Newton observation of 4U 1820-30: broad band spectrum and the contribution of the cold interstellar medium

We present an analysis of the bright X-ray binary 4U 1820-30, thet is based mainly on XMM-Newton-RGS data, in addition to complementary data from XMM-Newton-EPIC-pn, INTEGRAL, and Chandra-HETG, to investigate different aspects of the source. The broad band continuum is fitted well by a classical combination of black body and Comptonized emission. The continuum shape and the high flux of the source (L/LEdd ∼ 0.16) are consistent with a “high state” of the source. We do not find any significant evidence of iron emission at energies ≥6.4 keV. The soft X-ray spectrum contain a number of absorption features. Here we focus on the cold and mildly ionized gas. The neutral gas column density is NH ∼ 1.63 × 10 21 cm −2 . The detailed study of the oxygen and iron edge reveals that those elements are depleted, which is defined here as the ratio of the dust to the total ISM cold phase, by a factor 0.20 ± 0.02 and 0.87 ± 0.14, respectively. Using the available dust models, the best-fit points to a major contribution of Mg-rich silicates, with metallic iron inclusion. Although we find that a large fraction of Fe is in dust form, the fit shows that Fe-rich silicates are unlikely to be present. The measured Mg:Fe ratio is 2.0 ± 0.3. Interestingly, this modeling may provide additional support for a well studied dust constituent (GEMS), which is sometimes proposed as a silicate constituent in our Galaxy. Oxygen and iron are found to be slightly over- and under-abundant, respectively (1.23 and 0.85 times the solar value), along this line of sight. We also report the detection of two absorption lines, which are tentatively identified as part of an outflow of mildly ionized gas (ξ ∼− 0.5) at a velocity of ∼1200 km s −1 .
Yields, quality and nutritional parameters of radish (Raphanus sativus) cultivars when grown organically in the Czech Republic

The potential cultivars of Chinese radish which can be introduced to the organic growing conditions of the Czech Republic was focused. We identified which of selected radish cultivars gave the best yields when grown organically, and which contained the highest contents of nutritionally important compounds, such as vitamin C, monosaccharides, fibre and selected minerals. Three cultivars (Jarola, Miyashige and Red Meat) were grown organically in the open field in Lednice during the years 2008 and 2009. All radish cultivars gave the sufficient yield (33-42 t/ha of marketable yield). The study of nutritional properties showed that cv. Red Meat had a significantly higher content of ascorbic acid (271 mg/kg in 2009). Cv. Miyashige had the highest content of fibre (1.7 g/100 g in 2009). Content of potassium was reasonably high, although there were significant differences between the cultivars. Cv. Jarola had the highest content of calcium (157 mg/kg in 2009).
MULTIPLE-PRIMITIVES-BASED HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING DATA IN URBAN AREAS

Abstract. A hierarchical classification method for Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data of urban areas is proposed in this paper. This method is composed of three stages among which three types of primitives are utilized, i.e., smooth surface, rough surface, and individual point. In the first stage, the input ALS data is divided into smooth surfaces and rough surfaces by employing a step-wise point cloud segmentation method. In the second stage, classification based on smooth surfaces and rough surfaces is performed. Points in the smooth surfaces are first classified into ground and buildings based on semantic rules. Next, features of rough surfaces are extracted. Then, points in rough surfaces are classified into vegetation and vehicles based on the derived features and Random Forests (RF). In the third stage, point-based features are extracted for the ground points, and then, an individual point classification procedure is performed to classify the ground points into bare land, artificial ground and greenbelt. Moreover, the shortages of the existing studies are analyzed, and experiments show that the proposed method overcomes these shortages and handles more types of objects.
Parameter Control Scheme for Active Power Filter Based on NARX Neural Network

This paper presents a shunt active power filter control reference signal using Nonlinear Autoregressive with eXogenous neural network (NARX) with back propagation training algorithm. The instantaneous reactive power algorithm is integrated within the neural network to extract the dominant harmonics. The proposed method is demonstrated on three phase thyristor controlled drive which is one of widely used loads in petroleum industry field
Optimal Bailout Policy-An Analysis Focusing on the Regulation of Collective Banking Behavior

Bank regulation theory has evolved to focus on the supervision of the collective behavior of banks. Parallel investing theory, which presents parallel investing as a collective strategy of all banks, is understood as an extension of herding theory and is used to discuss optimal bailout policies. First we expand the traditional one-dimensional regulatory objective, social welfare maximization, to 3d to include efficiency and risk factors. Based on this hypothesis, we conclude that an optimal bailout policy capable of achieving the 3d objectives does not exist. We term this phenomenon objective realization–inconsistency: regulators can only balance the 3d objective and make relatively effective policies. Finally, we compare financial derivatives with bailout policy in the banking regulatory role. Under certain conditions, financial derivatives can play a very active role in banking regulation.
Draft Simplification of the dynamic model of a hydraulic rockbreaker for the purpose of implementation in a model-based control scheme

Research in the automation of hydraulic excavators and rockbreakers is becoming more and more prominent. A model-based approach to control such machines necessitates an adequate dynamic model in order to increase the robustness of the controller and improve its performance (e.g., reduce tracking error). Most previous efforts in the development of dynamic models for excavators have made the assumption of planar motion while also neglecting the dynamic effects due to the presence of hydraulically driven prismatic actuators. In this paper, the dynamic model of the mechanical subsystem of a hydraulic rockbreaker is developed using the Euler-Lagrange formulation. The model considers the contributions of the hydraulic actuators and does not assume planar motion. Potential simplifications to the dynamic model are then introduced with the objective of facilitating the model’s parameterization for the purpose of developing an adaptive control algorithm. In order to evaluate their level of accuracy, these simplified dynamic models are then evaluated based on the required joint torques for specified trajectories. It is shown that the proposed simplifications reduce the complexity of the dynamic model while preserving its accuracy and simplicity which is attractive for real-time control applications.