Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Models for Evaluating and Improving Architecture Competence

Abstract : Software architecture competence is the ability of an individual or organization to acquire, use, and sustain the skills and knowledge necessary to carry out software architecture-centric practices. Previous work in architecture has concentrated on its technical aspects: methods and tools for creating, analyzing, and using architecture. However, a different perspective recognizes that these activities are carried out by people working in organizations, and those people and organizations can use assistance towards consistently producing high-quality architectures. This report lays out the basic concepts of software architecture competence and describes four models for explaining, measuring, and improving the architecture competence of an individual or a software-producing organization. The models are based on the following: (1) the duties, skills, and knowledge required of a software architect or architecture organization; (2) human performance technology, an engineering approach applied to improving the competence of individuals; (3) organizational coordination, the study of how people and units in an organization share information; and (4) organizational learning, an approach to how organizations acquire, internalize, and utilize knowledge to improve their performance. The report also shows how the four models can be synergistically applied to produce an evaluation instrument to measure an organization's architecture competence.
Deign of Broad Band Gap-Coupled Microstrip Antenna Using Microwave Office 7.5

The objective of this paper is to design a compact and broadband microstrip patch antenna which operates at 2.9 GHz center frequency with parasitically coupling rectangular microstrip antenna RMSA. Several parasitically coupled geometries are studied here.Thes are: radiating edge and non radiating edge gap-coupled RMSA with parasitic patches, one, two and four parasitic patches are being presented. The antenna has been analyzed using Microwave Office package software 7.5 in 2007. This proposed structure can have an operating bandwidth more than six times than that of the conventional rectangular patch antenna.
What's your other job: A census analysis of arts employment in Australia

This report applies CCI’s creative trident methodology with the definition of the arts as established by the Australia Council for the Arts to data sourced from Australia’s national census data (from 1996, 2001 and the most recent one in 2006). Analysis has been conducted on employment, income, gender, age and the nature of employment for artists and arts related workers within and beyond the arts industries, as well as other support workers in the arts industries.
Effects of information cascades on collaborative decision-making in river engineering projects on the Rio Grande

ABSTRACT Conventional wisdom is that early involvement of stakeholders leads to better results in engineering decision-making processes. A commonly documented advantage of early stakeholder involvement is increased acceptance and ownership of the project by everyone involved, resulting in fewer disputes throughout the planning and decision-making process. However, information cascade theory suggests that early involvement and development of close working relationships among stakeholders may decrease a group's ability to objectively and effectively evaluate engineering alternatives, as group members substitute the consensus of the group for their personal judgements. Additionally, innovation in design may be inversely correlated with the extent of group interaction prior to the selection of a preferred alternative. Experience in river engineering projects of the US Bureau of Reclamation on the Rio Grande in New Mexico supports the idea that early stakeholder involvement, while effective in reducing disputes, has a suppressive effect on design innovation.
Implementation of single-phase pq theory

Instantaneous reactive power compensation in a single-phase scheme is implemented. The analytical analysis is presented. The proposed single phase based theory can be successfully used for reactive power compensation of single phase as well as three phase systems. This method generates a sinusoidal reference current waveform in the utility side in the imbalanced utility voltage and/or imbalanced load current cases. The validity of the presented method and its comparison with original pq theory is studied through simulation results.
3D metrology solution for the 65-nm node

In order to meet stringent mask CD uniformity requirements, mask makers require a high precision CD metrology tool. According to the 2003 revision of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, there are no known solutions for sub-nanometer CD precision requirements. Furthermore, ITRS lists non-destructive, production worthy mask level microscopy for CD measurement for 3D structures as one of the five difficult challenges for 2009 and beyond. This paper focuses on the recent development successes of a scanning force based microscopy platform (Stylus NanoProfilometry, SNP). Innovative scanning strategies are discussed that enable high throughput, sub nanometer CD precision on advanced mask structures. Advancements in tip technology are also highlighted with metrology data presented on re-entrant alternating aperture phase shift mask features.
Sonic boom theory - Its status in prediction and minimization

This paper gives a brief review of the currently accepted understanding of sonic boom phenomena and describes the manner in which modified linearized theory and geometric acoustics are used to predict the sonic boom caused by a complex aircraft configuration. Minimization methods that have-evolved in recent years are discussed, with particular attention given to a method developed by Seebass and George for an isothermal atmosphere which was modified for the real atmosphere by Darden. An additional modification which permits the relaxation of the nose bluntness requirement in the defining aircraft also is discussed. Finally, an overview of current areas of sonic boom research is given. I. Introduction T HE ban of supersonic flight over the continental U. S. and the associated economic penalties played a major role in the demise of our national SST program a few years ago. With the impending scheduled flights of the Concorde and then the TU144, the position of the United States in the worldwide aeronautical community is threatened. The sonic boom, which was the primary cause of the ban on supersonic flight over the continental U. S. , has undergone considerable investigation by scientists and engineers alike within the past two decades. The ultimate goal of this research has been to develop an understanding of how sonic booms are generated, to develop methods of predicting sonic booms, and, finally, to develop means of reducing the sonic boom so that overland supersonic flight will be made possible. Today, knowledge of sonic boom phenomena is quite advanced and the theoretical methods that have been developed for predicting the sonic boom are generally accepted as giving valid results at flight altitudes for Mach numbers up to about 3. Attention in recent years has been given to ways of reducing the sonic boom by using the existing knowledge of how it is generated. This paper will review the currently accepted understanding of sonic boom phenomena, will outline prediction theories and minimization methods that have evolved in recent years, will discuss drag penalties and tradeoffs associated with low boom configurations, and will mention areas of current research.
Enhance Node Lifetime Using Residual Battery Capacity in Mobile Adhoc Networks

In this paper we focus on energy efficiency of the node in mobile ad hoc network with respect to metrics residual battery capacity and relay capacity of the node in the network. We have proposed a multicast algorithm which will use the remaining battery power of the node in an efficient way to increase the lifetime of the network. If the source node wants to send multicast packets, it chooses a node with higher residual-battery capacity. If all the intermediate nodes have equal residual-battery capacity, then it chooses a node with higher relay capacity. Simulation results revealed that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the existing in terms of node lifetime, delay and throughput.
Reduction of Thermal Resistance for Chip Test Technology by Using Super Thermal Conductivity Material and Mirror Finished Silicon

In recent years, an innovative 3D-integrated circuit has been developed. Furthermore, innovative chip test technology has also been developed whereby the test is conducted without the need to dice the wafer. Chip tests must be performed at various temperatures. The 3D-integrated circuit has a higher heat generation density than a conventional circuit, and so highly efficient cooling technology is required. We selected an indirect spray cooling technology. With indirect spray cooling, there is a material between the heat generating chips and the sprayed coolant. Therefore, to achieve more efficient spray cooling, the thermal resistance of the material and the contact thermal resistance between the material and the chip must be reduced. In this research, we focused on super thermal conductive composites (STC) to reduce the thermal resistance of the material. Measurement results showed that the thermal resistance of STC is very small and the key issue with the spray cooling chip test is the reduction of the contact thermal resistance between the material and the chip surface. We then evaluated the contact thermal resistance of silicon with a mirror-like finish experimentally. We applied a small amount of liquid between silicon wafers with a mirror-like finish and obtained a very small contact thermal resistance of about 0.2 × 10 –4 m 2 K/W.
Time Series Trend Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature over Kolkata and Surrounding Region

Study of long term variability of temperature and rainfall in the context of climate change is of much importance particularly in the region where rainfed agriculture is predominant. Long term trends of temperature and rainfall have been investigated over Kolkata, India, a tropical region using gridded monthly precipitation and temperature data obtained from Global Precipitation and Climate Centre (GPCC V7) with 0.5° X 0.5° resolution for the period 1901 to 2014. Precipitation concentration index, coefficient of variation, rainfall anomaly have been calculated and Palmer drought severity index data have been analyzed. Furthermore, Mann-Kendall test and sen’s slope estimator have been used to detect time series trend. Annual temperature and rainfall have been increased with a rate of 0.0082°C/ year and 0.03 mm/ year respectively. Statistically significant increasing trend has been observed for most of the months for temperature and rainfall. Winter and monsoon period shows highest and lowest inter-annual variability respectively. Rainfall with high precipitation concentration index (16-20) has been observed for the period 1951-1975 and 1976-2000. It has been observed that the number of years with dry conditions have been increased. However, the intensity of dryness is very near to zero. The information from this study will be helpful for the farmers to plan for resilient farming.
Natural latex serum: characterization and biocompatibility assessment using Galleria mellonella as an alternative in vivo model

Abstract Natural latex serum (NLS) is one of the natural rubber latex fractions from Hevea brasiliensis tree, which is formed by centrifuged serum and is composed of proteins, acids, nucleotides, salts and carbohydrates. The proteins present in NLS have demonstrated several interesting biological properties, including angiogenic, healing, osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, in addition to inducing neovascularization, bone formation and osseointegration. Thus, we proposed to characterize NLS by physicochemical techniques and to investigate the biocompatibility by toxicological assays and safety test in Galleria mellonella. Infrared spectrum showed vibrational bands characteristic of amide I, II and III that are linked to the protein content, which was confirmed by the High Performance Liquid Chromatography profile and by the Electrophoresis analysis. This material did not exhibit hemolytic (rate <0.5%) and cytotoxic effects (viability >70%) and was able to enhance the proliferation of fibroblasts (>600%) after 3 days. The pronounced proliferative effect observed in fibroblast cells can be explained by the presence of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) like protein revealed by the Western blot test. Moreover, NLS did not provoke toxic effects (survival ∼ 80%) on the G. mellonella model, indicating that it is a biocompatible and safe material.
Fragility and Qualification of Components Using Censored Seismic Demand Data

Fragility functions are vital for the risk assessment of critical facilities and to calculate component probability of damage in performance-based earthquake engineering. Seismic qualification is used to prove the adequacy of components in existing facilities or to satisfy their design criteria in new facilities. This technical note describes an approach for component fragility development and seismic qualification using data for seismic demand experienced by similar components and their resulting performance. Depending on the observed component failure or survival, the seismic demand values either exceed or fall short of the random component capacity. The concept of censoring, which captures this excess or shortfall, is introduced to model such data and account for the different statistical characteristics of failure and survival data. The censored data are analyzed by survival analysis, which provides a rigorous and efficient approach to extract information from the data set.
CAPTCHA Malaise:Users suffer Consequences of the Anti-spam Technology while the Spammers Adapt

As the bar for authentication is raised, so is the risk that many users may be marginalized. A common method of limiting access to services made available over the Web is visual verification of a bitmapped image - CAPTCHA. This presents a major problem to users who are blind, have low vision, or have a learning disability such as dyslexia or users who for whatever reason cannot answer the puzzle. CAPTCHA authentication is an effective tool in the war on spammers but it discriminates and excludes people, exactly what the internet was not supposed to do. We do not believe weighing spam against a significant percentage of internet users is fair. This paper reports the findings of an experiment conducted to examine users' dissatisfaction on CAPTCHA and provides a number of potential solutions that will help CAPTCHA developers and sites owners to involve the users in the developmental process rather than having the spammers solely in their hearts as they come up with various forms of CAPTCHA systems to test for the humanity of users.
A product platform concept development method

Quality function deployment (QFD) was initially developed to aid in designing a quality product by interconnecting customer needs in a market segment with technical requirements (TRs). It can assist in improving product quality but does not have a function to examine TRs across the major market segments serviced by a company's product lines and to aid in developing the modular product platform concept. In this paper, we present a product platform concept development method that aids in developing the modular platform concept as well as improving an understanding of product family design. This method is conducted in three steps. The first step is to identify platform TRs from QFD by classifying TRs into either constant or variant TRs. The second step is to construct the platform planning chart, which is to identify the relationship between basic components and TRs and calculate degree of variety (DV) of components. Finally, the platform concept is explored on design structure matrix with DV. This paper uses an electric razor example to illustrate the proposed method.
Millimeter-Wave LangeandRing-Hybrid Couplers inaSilicon Technology forE-Band Applications

Fivecompactmillimeter-wave 900and1800 distributed couplers arerealized intheback-end-of-the-line ofa 0.13gm SiGeBiCMOStechnology. Langecouplers smaller than 160gmonaside havebeenimplemented showing -4dBthrough, -5dBcoupling, 14dBreturn loss, and15dBisolation for60-and 77-GHzversions. Ringhybrids withphase-inverters havebeen implemented showing -4dB through, -5.6dB coupling, 18dB return loss, and21dBisolation for60-and77-GHzversions. The rings aresmaller than330,umonaside. IndexTerms- Langecoupler, ringhybrid, rat-race coupler, phaseinverter, silicon distributed passive circuits, millimeter- wavesilicon, 60GHz,77GHz,Eband, V band, W band. I.INTRODUCTION Themillimeter-wave frequency spectrum hasgained alotof attention duetotheavailability ofextremely widefractional bandwidths andreduced antenna sizes. Twobandsofinterest areat60 GHz forwireless personal areanetwork and directional linkapplications and77GHzforadaptive cruise- control radar. Commercially available silicon technology presents acost-effective option torealize highly integrated systems forthese markets. Ithasbeenshownearlier that circuit design atthese frequencies wouldnecessarily involve a combination ofanalog andmicrowave design techniques and mightevenincorporate transmission lines, splitters, and couplers (1), (2). Specifically, 900and1800 hybrid couplers areuseful forquadrature ordifferential LO generation, balanced amplifier designs, various mixertopologies, and baluns. Thesecouplers should becompact andlowloss to minimize areaandmaximize performance. Thispaperpresents compact, low-loss Langeandring- hybrid couplers at60and77GHzimplemented ina0.13-gm SiGeBiCMOStechnology. Thehybrids areimplemented completely intheback-end-of-the-line (BEOL)ofthe technology tominimize oreliminate theeffects ofthelossy silicon substrate. Thin-film microstrip (TFMS)transmission line wasusedtoimplement theLangecouplers, while finite- ground coplanar waveguide (FGCPW)wasusedtoimplement thering-hybrids. Allofthecouplers weredesigned using IE3D, amethod-of-moments based EM simulator. Theback-end-of-the-line
Social and temporal dynamics mediate the distribution of ecosystem service benefits from a small-scale fishery

ABSTRACT Small-scale fisheries are important for the livelihoods and food security of millions of people in low-income countries. Sustainably managing these dynamic social-ecological systems requires understanding links between ecosystems and human well-being: the focus of ecosystem service approaches. However, in-depth exploration of how co-production and temporal dynamics shape ecosystem benefits in small-scale fisheries remain nascent. There is thus an opportunity to better investigate pathways through which small-scale fisheries support food security. To address this gap, we ask how households allocate seafood landings across different uses, depending on supply and season. Using a daily survey, we collected panel data on landings from 15 households on Atauro Island, Timor-Leste, over six 1-week periods across three seasons, representing 630 survey days and 179 fishing trips. We found households mediate the pathways through which seafood contributes to food security. Specifically, the proportion of landings eaten, sold or shared changed with the amount landed and across seasons. As landings increased, households ate a smaller proportion and sold a greater proportion. The greatest proportion of landings were sold in the preparation season, when households save money to buy staple foods. Landings were shared with family and kin, reflecting the importance of seafood for social capital and community food security. Put broadly, households shaped a dynamic and non-linear (not directly proportional) relationship between service supply and benefits. Our findings demonstrate that seasonal context and livelihood priorities shape seafood provisioning benefits in small-scale fisheries. Careful consideration of temporal scale in ecosystem service assessments is critical for sustainable management of small-scale fisheries.
Regulatory function of the trehalose‐6‐phosphate synthase gene TPS3 on chitin metabolism in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the important pests that damage rice. Trehalose‐6‐phosphate synthase (TPS) is a key enzyme responsible for catalysing the biosynthesis of trehalose, which is the energy substance of insects. In this study, combined with the reported N. lugens TPS1, TPS2 and newly discovered TPS3, we studied the regulation of TPS in chitin metabolism by RNA interference. Firstly, we found that the relative expression levels of TRE1‐1, TRE1‐2 and TRE2 increased significantly after 48 h of dsTPS3 injection, and the activity of TRE1 enhanced significantly. Secondly, abnormal and lethal phenotypes were observed after dsTPS3 and dsTPSs injection. The relative expression levels of PGM2, G6PI2, Cht1‐4, Cht6‐10 and IDGF decreased significantly after 48 h of dsTPS3 injection. At 72 h after injection of dsTPS3, the relative expression levels of CHS1, Cht2, Cht4, Cht7 and Cht8 reduced significantly, but the expression levels of G6PI1, Cht5 and ENGase increased significantly. The relative expression levels of GFAT, UAP, PGM2, G6PI2, CHS1, CHS1a, CHS1b, Cht2, Cht4, Cht8, Cht9 and Cht10 decreased significantly after 48 h of dsTPSs injection. However, at 72 h after the injection of dsTPSs, the expression levels of GNPNA, UAP, PGM1, G6PI1, HK, CHS1, CHS1a, CHS1b, Cht3, Cht5, Cht7 and ENGase increased significantly. Finally, the chitin content decreased in dsTPS1, dsTPS2 and dsTPSs treatments. In conclusion, the inhibition of TPS expression affected the metabolism of trehalose and chitin in N. lugens. The related research results provide a theoretical basis for pest control.
Analyzing Vaccination Priority Judgments for 132 Occupations Using Word Vector Models

Most human societies conduct a high degree of division of labor based on occupation. However, determining the occupational field that should be allocated a scarce resource such as vaccine is a topic of debate, especially considering the COVID-19 situation. Though it is crucial that we understand and anticipate people's judgments on resource allocation prioritization, quantifying the concept of occupation is a difficult task. In this study, we investigated how well people's judgments on vaccination prioritization for different occupations could be modeled by quantifying their knowledge representation of occupations as word vectors in a vector space. The results showed that the model that quantified occupations as word vectors indicated high out-of-sample prediction accuracy, enabling us to explore the psychological dimension underlying the participants’ judgments. These results indicated that using word vectors for modeling human judgments about everyday concepts allowed prediction of performance and understanding of judgment mechanisms.
Incorporating Global Characteristic Data into Virtual Product Development Models

AbstractComputer-Aided Design tools (CAX: CAD/CAE/CAM) have dramatically changed the structure and activities of the product development process used by companies to develop and deliver product. Recent developments in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) strategies and tools are also causing changes in the product development process. As important as the selection of the right product to develop, is the choice of the right process to develop it with. The proper process ensures that CAX tools and PLM strategies and tools are implemented and executed to the utmost advantage through product development deployment. Virtual product development is a process design and simulation strategy that provides techniques for preplanning the product development process and its deployment. Recent changes in the international market and business environments are also impacting product development processes. This paper presents research in methods to design and model the impact of global issues on potential product developmen.