Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Various Digital Modulation Schemes for an Efficient Wireless Mobile Communication System

--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The Bit Error Rate and Signal to Noise Ratio are the major key component for choosing any modulation schemes. The digital modulation techniques are used to develop a new level of expectation to wireless communication devices. The performance of modulation techniques are measured by estimating its probability of error produced by noise and channel interference. The main objective of our work is to measure Bit Error Rate with different modulation schemes and come to with the best configuration to achieve better utilization of bandwidth in OFDM systems. This work has been designed in MATLAB simulation environment with various digital modulation techniques such as BPSK, QPSK, DQPSK and π/4-DQPSK.
A NEW PIXEL SELECTION TECHNIQUE OF LSB BASED STEGANOGRAPHY FOR DATA HIDING

- In modern era it is very challenging job that how to secure the data during transaction through internet. The redundancies of digital media as well as the characteristics of human visual system make hiding technology a significant one. Steganography is the art and the science of valuable information in such way that no one, apart from sender and the intended recipients suspect the existence of the messages. Image steganography is the most popular method for message concealment. LSB steganography is one of the methods by which we can hide the valuable data into least significant bit position of cover image pixels. In traditional LSB steganography method pixels are selected from the beginning (upper left corner) of images and successive pixels are selected row wise or column wise. In this paper we have selected middle region as the beginning pixel during embedding processes of secret bit into cover image and embedded the secret bit into the middle region. Then four diagonal pixels of middle region are selected as successive pixels and embed the data into four edges (collection of pixels) of quadrilateral which is created by four diagonal pixels of cover image and finally reach towards the four corners of images. Experimental analysis shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing methods in terms of capacity and security of stego image.
Effect of Secondary Species on Inhibition Efficiency of Fatty Amide Mixtures in Dynamic Environment

The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 3.5wt% NaCl solution by fatty amides with addition of hydrazine, N2H4 in moving condition has been studied using linear polarization resistance measurements and scanning electron microscope technology with energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The effect of different moving condition was studied using rotating cylinder electrode, RCE at different rotational speeds (0, 1, 5 and 50 rpm). Results have shown that for uninhibited conditions, the corrosion resistance, Rp values decreased drastically as rotation speed increased up to 50 rpm. For inhibited solution, Rp values are highest under static condition and it decreased gradually with increase in rotational speed. It was found that, the inhibition efficiency enhanced by adding hydrazine into the solution containing fatty amide inhibitor due to multiple protections provided by both, fatty amides and hydrazine. Keyword-Fatty amides, Hydrazine, Moving environment, Corrosion inhibition, Polarization resistance
Power Optimization in 10T Full Adder for 4 Bit Array Multiplier

: A 10T full adder is a low power consumption circuit. It is an eminent circuit with minimum transistor count. The modified CMOS 10T full adder is designed based on low power delay product and it is implemented in array multiplier. Array Multiplier is a circuit used to multiply two four bit binary numbers. When a multiplicand is multiplied by an array multiplier it generates a partial product and they are shifted according to their bits and then added. It reduces the number of partial products generated while multiplying the values. The modified CMOS 10T full adder circuit increases the performance of the multiplier. To analyze the performance of modified adder, CMOS 10T adder is simulated using tanner EDA tools with 130 nm technology.
Horizontal Ridge Augmentation in Esthetic Zone Using Albumin Coated Bone Allograft

Investigating horizontal ridge augmentation in anterior maxilla using albumin coated allograft. Regenerative bone fills the defected ridge which has the same structure as the surrounding bone. The albumin coated bone allograft used in the present case allowed for successful horizontal ridge augmentation of a partially atrophic ridge. Both its effectiveness and its remodeling properties should be subjected to further investigations.
Improving Time and Energy Efficiency in Data Center Networks

:The Data Centre Networks connect several number of servers in the cloud computing. The job controller is like the resource scheduler in current cloud data centres, such as the VM ware capacity planner. The job controller is responsible for an energy-efficient assignment done by using virtual machines. Currently, the Traffic aware Energy Efficient Routing (EER) algorithm has been implemented in Data Centre Networks which is based on Virtual Machine assignment and does not achieve the energy efficiency. If the number of servers increases the algorithm will not produce good results because of the energy consumption during packet transmission. So in this paper, the Multipath Ad-hoc on demand distance vector routing protocol (MAODV) is proposed to provide optimal path for packet transmission. This protocol finds the best path among multiple paths between the source and the destination. The best path can be selected by that protocol by reducing the number of active switches and the traffic flows can be balanced. The simulation results show that the energy and time consumption were good for MAODV algorithm compared with the EER algorithm.
Fusion of Features and Extreme Learning Machine for Facial Expression Recognition

Human emotion is highly correlated to facial expressions. Due to its growing demand in different sectors, an emotion recognition method is proposed through recognizing facial expressions. The input image is preprocessed and then the resulting image is segmented into four facial expression regions following the newly proposed segmentation method. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Local Binary Patterns (LBP) are fused to extract the necessary features from the four segmented parts. The dimension of the feature vector is reduced using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). To classify the expressions, Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is used. For evaluating the performance of the proposed method, three widely used and publicly available facial expression datasets (JAFFE, CK+, RaFD) are used. The proposed method achieved 95.3%, 99.84% and 98.65% accuracy while using images from JAFFE, CK+ and RaFD dataset respectively. Performance of the proposed method on these datasets is compared to other facial expression recognition methods on these datasets to indicate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance.
Physiological and biomechanical responses during high intensity upper body exercise

Fatigue during sport and exercise substantially affects the intensity and duration of an activity that can be maintained. Upper body exercise (UBE) despite contributing to sport, exercise and health outcomes has received relatively little attention particularly for high intensity exercise. Consequently, the mechanisms of fatigue during UBE are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim s of this thesis were to investigate a range of high intensity UBE protocols with respect to performance and the development of fatigue. In the first study participants (n = 13) completed four 30-s Wingate anaerobic tests (WAnT) against four different resistive loadings (2%, 3%, 4% and 5% body mass) thus potentially manipulating force production and cadence. Corrected peak power output (PPO) was independent of load (P > 0.05) and uncorrected PPO increased with load (P 0.05). All participants reached their maximum cardiorespiratory responses (oxygen uptake & heart rate; beats-min'1) at fatigue. The data suggested that prior to Tlim changes in EMG activation and movement patterns were related to the exercise intensity. In general, all EMG activity increased with intensity and exercise duration, with the kinematic data indicating that trunk rotational velocity rather than trunk stabilisation occurred throughout all trials. Overall, untrained participants altered their body movement to maintain PO between 30 & 120 s, however between 120 s & Tlim, no further significant changes occurred. In the final study, participants (n = 12) completed a 6-week arm crank training programme. Preliminary performance tests included a WAnT, V 02peak and 100% PMP test to exhaustion. Each test was repeated following the training programme. Corrected and uncorrected PPO and fatigue index (FI) increased in the WAnT test post training (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). Muscles of the shoulder (anterior deltoid & infraspinatus) demonstrated reduced activation following training (P < 0.05) with trunk rotational velocity increasing at corrected PPO during the WAnT (P < 0.01). Therefore, increases in WAnT PO may be related to changes in technique rather than muscle activation. Following training there was a significant increase in PMP (P < 0.01) during the V 02peak test and a significant increase in Tlim (P < 0.01) for the repeated 100% PMP test. Following training there was a significant decrease in triceps brachii EMG activation (P < 0.05), changes in external oblique activation (P < 0.001) at 120 s and a significant increase in trunk rotational velocity at 30 s (P < 0.05). Although at Tim, the kinematic responses were the same. The results of this training study indicated that changes in performance were due to physiological adaptations and changes in technique. The three studies have demonstrated the importance of changes in EMG activity, trunk rotational velocity, and technique to arm crank PO rather than specific physiological changes alone which has implications for the use of arm cranking in testing, training and performance outcomes.
Energy Efficient CNTFET Based Full Adder Using Hybrid Logic

Full Adder is the basic element for arithmetic operations used in Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits, therefore, optimization of 1-bit full adder cell improves the overall performance of electronic devices. Due to unique mechanical and electrical characteristics, carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFET) are found to be the most suitable alternative for metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET). CNTFET transistor utilizes carbon nanotube (CNT) in the channel region. In this paper, high speed, low power and reduced transistor count full adder cell using CNTFET 32nm technology is presented. Two input full swing XOR gate is designed using 4 transistors which is further used to generate Sum and Carry output signals with the help of Gate-Diffusion-Input (GDI) Technique thus reducing the number of transistors involved. Proposed design simulated in Cadence Virtuoso with 32nm CNTFET technology and results is better design as compared to existing circuits in terms of Power, Delay, Power-Delay-Product (PDP), Energy Consumption and Energy-Delay-Product (EDP). Keywords-Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor (CNTFET); Nanotechnology; Full Adder; Low Power; High Speed; Power Delay Product. _____________________________________________*****_____________________________________________
The Impact of Visual Metaphor Complexity in Print Advertisement on the Viewer’s Comprehension and Attitude

Visual rhetoric is considered a powerful tool of persuasion. It is widely used in political discourse, poetry and advertising language. This study tackles the topic of visual metaphor in print advertisements. It examines visual metaphor complexity on the viewer’s comprehension and attitude. It uses Phillips and Mc Quarrie’s classification of visual metaphor which offers an accurate classification of the different types of visual rhetoric. It distinguishes two dimensions, namely; visual structure and meaning operation. The former refers to the nature of the relation between the two pictures in comparison while visual structure refers to the way the relevant pictures are placed together. The combinations of the two dimensions result in nine types of visual metaphor which are: Juxtaposition/connection, juxtaposition/similarity, juxtaposition/opposition, fusion/connection, fusion/similarity, fusion/opposition, replacement/connection, replacement/similarity and replacement/opposition. The main findings show that complex and rich visual metaphors are more difficult to understand and are not positively perceived by the viewers. In fact, viewers of visual metaphor enjoy solving incongruity and are willing to devote extra efforts in understanding and processing visual metaphor. However, a complex and rich visual metaphor is not very appealing as their complexity will lead the viewers to opt out from enjoying and processing visual metaphor incongruity.
THE USE OF ARTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A PROTOTYPE CONSTRUCTIVIST-ORIENTED LEARNING PACKAGE IN SECONDARY MATHEMATICS

With the system-wide implementation of backward design instructional framework vis-à-vis the K+12 system in the Philippine basic education level, curriculum and content specialists are challenged to contribute their share in the design and development of learning plans and packages that ensure transferability of students’ learning. Such tall order creates an instructional chasm which calls for more prototyping efforts in the light of constructivist principles. Anchored on Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence and Instructional Systems Design, this materials preparation endeavor attempted to develop and validate a prototype learning package in mathematics with a view to promoting a culture of understanding and transfer in mathematics classroom using technology.
Adaptation and Validation of the Bangla Version of the Depression Literacy Questionnaire (D-Lit Bangla)

Background: Depression is a common recurrent disorder linked to reduced quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Bangladesh is a densely populated developing country and literacy on depression of this huge population is a must need to cope with the depressive disorder burden. Objective: It was aimed to adapt and validate Bangla version of Depression Literacy Questionnaire (D Lit Bangla) for the assessment of the status of knowledge regarding depression. Method: The validation study was conducted at the department of public health, ASA University Bangladesh. Data were collected from May 2016 to July 2016 from 194 students by self-reporting final Bangla version of D-Lit questionnaire obtained by standard adaptation procedure. Samples were selected by convenient sampling and data were analyzed by Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) 16.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010 version software. Result: The Cronbach’s α was 0.77 which reflects the internal consistency of the reliability. After varimax rotation form of factor analysisonly one factor was extracted and factor analysis revealed significant commonalities between the items. Conclusion: 20 items D-Lit Bangla is psychometrically valid and can be used for further researches as well as clinical settings.
Postnatal Complications of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as a velocity of fetal growth less than the normal fetus growth potential because of maternal, placental, fetal or genetic cause. This is an important cause of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Small for gestational age (SGA) is defined when birth weight is less than two standard deviations below the mean or less than 10th percentile for a specific population and gestational age. Usually IUGR and SGA are used interchangeably, but there exists subtle difference between the two terms. IUGR infants have both acute and long term complications and need regular follow up. This review will cover various postnatal aspects of IUGR.
PREVALENCE, ASSOCIATED FACTORS, BACTERIAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN A SAMPLE OF IRAQI PREGNANT WOMEN IN AL-NAJAF

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are rendered as the most common bacterial infections prevailing among humans, both in the community and hospital settings. In pregnancy, UTI can lead to poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. The current crosssectional study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women, to determine its association with sociodemographic, obstetrical and other factors, and to identify causative agents with antibiotic sensitivity. A total of 300 pregnant women at AlZahraa teaching hospital / Al-Najaf from the 1st of April 2014 to 30th July 2014, with and without the symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI), were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were taken and general urine examination with culture was performed. Sensitivity tests were also performed for the isolated organisms. The data pertaining to the associated risk factors were collected by using a structured questionnaire form. The results revealed that the overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria in pregnant women was 37 %, representing symptomatic and asymptomatic (23%, 14% respectively). The predominant bacterial pathogen was Escherichia coli (28.8 %), which was found to be resistant to penicillin (100 %) and cephalosporins group (40%), but sensitive to garamycin (95%) and Amikacin (90%). Factors such as type of past delivery, previous history of UTI, symptomatic patients and vaginitis were found to be significantly associated with higher rates of UTI. Significant bacteriuria was found in both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women, which was significantly higher among those with lower age.
Structural validity and age-based differential item functioning of the French Nottingham Health Profile in a sample of surgery patients

The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) is a popular and extensively used generic measure of health related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients suffering from various clinical diseases. It is made up of 38 dichotomous items divided into 6 health areas: loss of energy (En), pain experience (P), limitations in physical mobility (Pm), negative emotional reactions (Em), sleeping problems (Sl) and social isolation (So). The aim of this study was to further investigate factorial structure, scaling and psychometric properties of a reduced French version of the NHP in a sample of adult surgery patients (N=560). Item factor analysis (IFA) for dichotomous items was used to identify the factorial structure of the reduced French NHP. Differential item functioning (DIF) was examined with respect to age. The method used for DIF detection was a logistic regression technique extended by using Item Response Theory (IRT) based trait estimates. Results suggested the existence of three physical health factors (En, P and Pm) that could eventually be combined on a higher level, and one psychological factor measuring sleeping problems and anxiety level of patients. The fact that two items of the psychological scale showed DIF with respect to age suggested caution in the use of these items with elderly patients. Overall, the factor structure of the reduced version of the French NHP was found to be conceptually well-founded and demonstrated satisfactory measurement invariance among younger and older surgery patients.
Implementation of Citation Parser on the Basis of Knowledge Base Hierarchy

--Use of the bibliographical information of publications available on the Internet is an important task in academic research. Accurate reference metadata extraction for publications is essential for the integration of information from heterogeneous reference sources. It is an essential task in the research paper development to point out references for proper document. Giving a proper acknowledgement to a document or part of document is called citation. A “citation” is the way to tell readers the source from which certain material has come. In general citation implies a relation between part or whole of the cited document and a part or whole of the citing document. To cite a particular document there are several methods. We shall develop a citation tool based on knowledge based citation parsing technique. By developing a current system we shall extract the cited document which is useful for scientific publication or document citing.
Condition Based Maintenance ( CBM ) Through Vibration Spectrum Analysis for Improving the Reliability of B-1 Conveyor ( DIVE 542 ) Diagnosis of Fault through Vibration Spectrum Analysis Technique

58 Abstract— The success of a company often depends on the continued, safe and productive operation of rotating machinery. An effective maintenance program is vital to this kind of success. The quality of company’s maintenance program determines how long the machines will run, how safe they are for the people working around them, and how productive the machine will be. Berar these things in mind while you consider the following benefits of a CBM program in greater detail. The operation and maintenance of high valuable machines is very important in increasingly stiff global market and requires that it provides maximum return on investment with minimum maintenance costs. Improving plant efficiency by implementation of latest techniques in maintenance can lead to significant savings with improvement in overall operating efficiency of plants. This project brings outs the importance of vibration analyzing in maintaining the machines. The vibration analysis can be simplified and make time saving by analyzing the FFT (Fast Fourier transform) or amplitude vs. frequency spectrum. By analyzing the spectrum we can estimate the cause of vibrations in the machine.
EFFECTS OF STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 ON THE RAT BRAIN ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AND ACTIVITY OF ACETYL-CHOLINESTERASE: A NOVEL AND POTENTIAL TREATMENT BY VITEX NEGUNDO.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes type 1 on activity of acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) in rat brain and on the brain antioxidant status and also that whether supplementation with the aqueous extract of Vitex negundo (AEVN) ameliorates neural degeneration caused by hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress in experimental diabetes. Methods: Male albino rats weighing 180-200g were made diabetic by the single administration of STZ (45 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. AEVN was administered orally through feeding cannula at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight daily to STZ-induced diabetic rats for 60 days. On 61 st day the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the effects of the AEVN on fasting blood glucose level. AChE activity and on levels of various oxidant and antioxidant enzyme activity in the brain were appraised. Results: In the result it is observed that STZ-diabetes caused significant elevation in fasting blood glucose, AChE activity and lipid peroxidase (LPO) level. Whereas activity level of the protective antioxidant enzyme, catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) exhibited significant decline in STZ-diabetes. Supplementation with AEVN attests significant anti-diabetic and antioxidant potential of it as a prominent decrease in fasting blood glucose level and AChE activity was observed. Similarly, the levels of the protective antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT and GSH were increased along with the decrease in the level of oxidant enzyme LPO was observed. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the involvement of diabetes with neural degeneration and point towards the potential beneficial role of AEVN as an adjuvant therapy to conventional anti-hyperglycemic regimens for the prevention and treatment of diabetic encephalopathy.