Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotion regulation in action: Use, selection, and success of emotion regulation in adolescents’ daily lives

Successful emotion regulation (ER) is a central aspect of psychosocial functioning and mental health and is thought to improve and be refined in adolescence. Past research on ER has mainly focused on one-time measurements of habitual ER. Linking regulatory strategies to emotions in daily lives is key to understanding adolescents’ emotional lives. Using an Experience Sampling Method with 78 adolescents (Mage = 13.91, SDage = .95, 66% girls), we investigated the use, selection, and success in down-regulating negative emotions of eight ER strategies across 44 assessments. Acceptance was the strategy employed most often followed by problem-solving, rumination, distraction, avoidance, reappraisal, social support, and suppression. Interestingly, negativity of the event influenced the use of ER strategies: With low intensity negative emotions, acceptance was more likely to be used, and with high intensity negative emotions, suppression, problem-solving, distraction, avoidance, social support, and rumination were more likely to be used. With regard to success, multilevel models revealed that problem-solving, reappraisal, and acceptance were more successful in down-regulating negative emotions than rumination. Further, among girls, no relations between the momentary use of ER strategies and depressive symptoms was found. Among boys, a negative relation between acceptance and depressive symptoms emerged. Results from this study suggest that there is a reciprocal relationship between the intensity of negative emotions and ER strategies and that gender differences may exist. Taken together, this study showed which ER strategies are used by a healthy adolescent sample, and these results are discussed with regard to their theoretical and practical importance.
Detection of RINEX-2 Files With Mixed GPS L2P(Y)/L2C Carrier Phase Observations

Presently, the global positioning system (GPS) satellite constellation consists of 40% older Block IIA and IIR space vehicles and 60% newer IIR-M and IIF satellites. Only newer GPS satellites are capable of transmitting the L2C signal which is in quadrature to the legacy L2P(Y) signal being broadcast by all satellites. The data format RINEX-2 is not prepared to contain carrier phase observations of both L2 signals, but should contain either one or the other. If a mix of unaligned L2P(Y) and L2C carrier phase observations are stored in a RINEX-2 file, the quarter cycle bias causes the file to be defective and not usable for precise positioning purposes. Algorithms that detect such files are presented in this study. They are mainly based on the analysis of widelane fractional ambiguities and were applied to RINEX-2 files of 2624 reference stations. Seventy-two station files (2.7%) were found to be defective since they contained mixed and unaligned L2P(Y) and L2C carrier phase observations. If such files are used for precise positioning with ambiguities being fixed to integer values, resulting coordinate errors in long baselines can reach centimeter levels. Unaligned L2 observations often prevent ambiguity fixing, especially in short baselines.
Bariatric surgery among patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Bariatric surgery reduces cardiovascular risk in obese patients. Heart failure (HF) is associated with an increased perioperative risk following bariatric surgery. This systematic review aimed to assemble the evidence on bariatric surgery in patients with known HF and the potential effect of bariatric surgery on incident HF in obese patients without prevalent HF. Methods We performed a comprehensive literature search up to 30 September 2017 and included studies comparing bariatric surgery to non-surgical treatment in patients with known presurgical HF. To assess whether bariatric surgery has any effect on incident HF, we also assembled studies looking at new-onset HF among patients without HF prior to surgery. Results We found five observational studies (0 randomised trials) comparing bariatric surgery with non-surgical treatment in patients with a diagnosis of HF prior to surgery. A review of the available studies (n=676 patients) suggested reduced admission rates for HF exacerbation and increased left ventricular ejection fraction after bariatric surgery. No meta-analysis was possible due to the heterogeneous nature of these studies. Seven studies (one randomised trial) reported data on new-onset HF in obese patients without HF prior to bariatric surgery (n=111 127 patients). When comparing surgical to non-surgical treatment groups, the pooled univariable and multivariable HRs for incident HF were 0.28 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.55) and 0.44 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.55), respectively. Conclusion In this systematic review, no randomised trial assessed the benefits and risks of bariatric surgery in obese patients with concomitant HF. Available studies do, however, show that surgery might prevent incident HF.
The freshwater crabs of Macau, with the description of a new species of Nanhaipotamon Bott, 1968 and the redescription of Nanhaipotamonwupingense Cheng, Yang, Zhong & Li, 2003 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae)

Abstract Four species of freshwater crabs from three genera and two families (Cantopotamonhengqinense Huang, Ahyong & Shih, 2017, Nanhaipotamonguangdongense Dai, 1997, Nanhaipotamonmacausp. n., and Somanniathelphusazanklon Ng & Dudgeon, 1992) are documented from Macau for the first time. One new species, Nanhaipotamonmacausp. n. , is described. The large flap on the male first gonopod terminal segment sets it apart from all other known congeners except N.wupingense Cheng, Yang, Zhong & Li, 2003, from Fujian. Characters of the carapace, male first gonopod and size, however, clearly differentiate these two species. Preliminary genetic studies also suggest that the two are not closely related. A neotype is designated for N.wupingense. The taxonomic status of Nanhaipotamonguangdongense is also discussed. Notes on the general biology and conservation status of these crabs are also included.
Geriatric club attached to a primary care hospital as an effort to physically, socially, and mentally engage elderly: A case study from Kerala, India

Introduction: Ageing leads to physiological, social and mental changes. The case study shares experiences about the development and evolution of a ‘geriatric club’ attached to a primary health centre in Kerala, India and the early outcomes noticed among the members of the geriatric club. Process: This club, established three years before, has become an ongoing self-sustainable organisation helping senior citizens to socialise with their peers. Meeting on a regular day every week at the health centre, with programs varying from discussions on health issues to entertainments like music, dance, festival celebration and film shows, the club has become part of all elderly patients in and around the health centre. Outcome: Outcome of the club was looked qualitatively and quantitatively through Focus Group Discussions and before and after comparison of Mini Mental Status Examination Scores and Geriatric Depression Scale scores of elderly club members. FGDs concluded that members were benefitted through participation in the club and the club activities helped them to get engaged physically, mentally and socially. Mean GDS scores of the participants decreased from baseline [5.43, SE 0.76] to after six months [5.20, SE 0.74] (P 0.006). Mean MMSE scores showed improvement from baseline [22.26, SE 0.69] to after six months [24.80, SE 0.81] (P 0.001). Conclusion: Geriatric social clubs attached to primary health care hospitals with suitable contextual adaptations can engage elderly patients physically, mentally and socially. It is hypothesised that such activities can have positive impact on depression and cognitive improvement.
Barriers and facilitators to employment for young adults with mental illness: a scoping review

Objectives The issue of gaining employment for those with mental illness is a growing global concern. For many in the young adult population, who are at a transitional age, employment is a central goal. In response, we conducted a scoping review to answer the question, ‘What are the barriers and facilitators to employment for young adults with mental illness? ’ Design We conducted a scoping review in accordance to the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We performed a thorough search of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, ABI/INFORM, PsycINFO and Cochrane. We included studies that considered young adults aged 15–29 years of age with a mental health diagnosis, who were seeking employment or were included in an employment intervention. Results Our search resulted in 24 research articles that focused on employment for young adults with mental illness. Four main themes were extracted from the literature: (1) integrated health and social services, (2) age-exposure to employment supports, (3) self-awareness and autonomy and (4) sustained support over the career trajectory. Conclusions Our review suggests that consistent youth-centred employment interventions, in addition to usual mental health treatment, can facilitate young adults with mental illness to achieve their employment goals. Aligning the mental health and employment priorities of young adults may result in improved health and social outcomes for this population while promoting greater engagement of young adults in care.
A prospective observational study to evaluate the efficacy of facility-based management in malnourished children at NRC, district Meerut

Background: Scarcity of suitable food, lack of purchasing power of the family as well as traditional beliefs and taboos about what the baby should eat, often lead to a sufficient balanced diet, resulting in malnutrition. In children, malnutrition is synonymous with growth failure. Malnourished children are shorter and weigh less than they should be for their age and height. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted from September 2017 to November 2017.112 malnourish children, aged 6-60 months who were admitted to NRC during the study period at district hospital Meerut were assessed. Checklist based on operational guidelines on facility based management was used. Data was analyzed in Microsoft Excel and Epi info. Result: In the studied population, there were 45 males and 67 females, out of which highest representation was from the age group of 13 to 24 months.67% of studied population belonged to schedule caste. The average weight gain during the stay at the center was 9.92±5.43g/kg/day. The average duration of stay at NRC was 12.01±1.61 days. Only 30% of mothers had appropriate knowledge regarding therapeutic diet and only 50% of the mothers know about the preparation of nutritious food from locally available foods. Conclusion: Targeted supplementary nutrition and therapeutic nutrition with specific micronutrients when provided to malnourish children for 14 days by Nutrition Rehabilitation Center can be helpful to improve their nutritional status. There is need to scale up community awareness and community participation for NRCs.
Variables affecting the potential efficacy of PRP in providing chronic pain relief

Although chronic pain affects about 1% of the US population, it remains largely resistant to treatment. Despite great variability in pain outcomes, the application of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become increasingly popular in attempts to reduce chronic pain. The variability in PRP efficacy raises the question of whether PRP actually has an analgesic capacity, and if so, can that capacity be made consistent and maximized. The best explanation for the variability in PRP analgesic efficacy is the failure during PRP preparation and application to take into account variables that can increase or eliminate its analgesic capabilities. This suggests that if the variables are reduced and controlled, a PRP preparation and application protocol can be developed leading to PRP inducing reliable, complete, and long-term pain relief. The goal of this study was to examine some of the variables that influence platelets and see how they might be controlled to increase the analgesic potential of PRP. Among the variables examined are the physiological status of the patient, methods used to prepare PRP, and methods of PRP application. The goal of modifying these variables is to minimize platelet serotonin content, maximize platelet content of factors that reduce inflammation and pain, while maintaining their bioactivity, maximize platelet capacity to aggregate at injury sites, induce rapid and simultaneous release of their contents, and optimize PRP application protocols. It is concluded that controlling some or many of these variables will lead to PRP that induces reliable, maximum, and long-term relief of chronic pain.
Feasibility and validity of the Health Status Classification System-Preschool (HSCS-PS) in a large community sample: the Generation R study

Objectives To evaluate the feasibility, discriminant validity and concurrent validity of the Health Status Classification System-Preschool (HSCS-PS) in children aged 3 years in a large community sample in the Netherlands. Design/setting A prospective population-based cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Participants A questionnaire was administrated to a sample of parents of 4546 children (36.7±1.5 months). Outcome measures Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of children was measured by HSCS-PS. The HSCS-PS consists of 10 original domains. Two single-item measures of ‘General health’ and ‘Behavior’ were added. A disability score was calculated by summing up all 10 original domains to describe the overall health status. Feasibility was assessed by the response rate, percentages of missing answers, score distributions and the presence of floor/ceiling effects. Discriminant validity was analysed between subgroups with predefined conditions: low birth weight, preterm birth, wheezing, Ear-Nose-Throat surgical procedures and behaviour problems. In the absence of another HRQOL measure, this study uses the single-items ‘General health’ and ‘Behavior’ as a first step to evaluate concurrent validity of the HSCS-PS. Results Feasibility: response rate was 69%. Ceiling effects were observed in all domains. Discriminant validity: the disability score discriminated clearly between subgroups of children born with a ‘very low birth weight’, ‘very preterm birth’, with ‘four or more than four times wheezing’, ‘at least one ear-nose-throat surgical procedures’, ‘behaviour problems present’ and the ‘reference’ group. Concurrent validity: HSCS-PS domains correlated better with hypothesised parallel additional domains than with other non-hypothesised original domains. Conclusions This study supports the feasibility and validity of the HSCS-PS among preschoolers in community settings. We recommend developing a utility-based scoring algorithm for the HSCS-PS. Further empirical studies and repeated evaluations in varied populations are recommended.
Gender equality in the global health workplace: learning from a Somaliland–UK paired institutional partnership

Worldwide recognition of gender inequality and discrimination following the #MeToo movement has been slow to reach the field of global health. Although international institutions have begun to address gender, the perspectives of front-line global health workers remain largely undocumented, especially in regions not captured by large-scale surveys. Long-term collaborative relationships between clinicians and educators participating in paired institutional partnerships can foster cross-cultural dialogue about potentially sensitive subjects. King’s Somaliland Partnership (KSP) has linked universities and hospitals in Somaliland and London, UK, for health education and improvement, since 2000.We collaboratively developed an anonymous, mixed methods, online survey to explore workplace experiences among Somaliland and UK-based staff and volunteers. We adapted the Workplace Prejudice/Discrimination Inventory to address gender inequality, alongside qualitative questions. Somaliland (but not UK) women reported significantly more gender prejudice and discrimination than men (medians=43 and 31, z=2.137, p=0.0326). While front-line Somaliland workers described overt gender discrimination more frequently, UK respondents reported subtler disadvantage at systemic levels. This first survey of its kind in Somaliland demonstrates the potential of global health partnerships to meaningfully explore sensitive subjects and identify solutions, involving a range of multidisciplinary stakeholders. We propose priority actions to address pervasive gender inequality and discrimination, including wider engagement of academia with gender-focused research, institutional actions to address barriers, national prioritisation and nurturing of grassroots initiatives, through institutional partnerships and international networks. Without sustained, concerted intervention across all levels, gender inequality will continue to hinder progress towards the vision of good health for all, everywhere.
The Neuropeptides of Ocular Immune Privilege, α-MSH and NPY, Suppress Phagosome Maturation in Macrophages

The ocular microenvironment has evolutionarily adapted several mechanisms of immunosuppression to minimize the induction of inflammation. Neuropeptides produced by the retinal pigment epithelial cells regulate macrophage activity. Two neuropeptides, α-melanocyte–stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), are constitutively expressed by the retinal pigment epithelial cells. Together these two neuropeptides induce anti-inflammatory cytokine production in endotoxin-stimulated macrophages and suppress phagocytosis of unopsonized bioparticles. These neuropeptides do not suppress the phagocytosis of opsonized bioparticles; however, they do suppress phagolysosome activation or formation. In this report, we studied the possibility that α-MSH with NPY suppress phagosome maturation within macrophages using opsonized OVA-coated magnetic beads to isolate and analyze the phagosomes. The magnetic bead–containing intercellular vesicles were isolated and assayed for Rab5, Rab7, LAMP1, Iad, and OVA. The macrophages cotreated with α-MSH and NPY were suppressed in Rab7 recruitment to the phagosome with suppression in LAMP1 expression but not in Iad expression. The results demonstrated that the α-MSH/NPY cotreatment suppressed phagosome maturation. In addition, the α-MSH/NPY–cotreated macrophages were suppressed in their ability to Ag stimulate CD4+ T cell proliferation. These results imply a potential mechanism of ocular immune privilege to divert Ag processing to prevent autoreactive effector T cells from binding their target cognate Ag within the ocular microenvironment.
Comparing Halide Ligands in PbS Colloidal Quantum Dots for Field-Effect Transistors and Solar Cells

Capping colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) with atomic ligands is a powerful approach to tune their properties and improve the charge carrier transport in CQD solids. Efficient passivation of the CQD surface, which can be achieved with halide ligands, is crucial for application in optoelectronic devices. Heavier halides, i.e., I– and Br–, have been thoroughly studied as capping ligands in the last years, but passivation with fluoride ions has not received sufficient consideration. In this work, effective coating of PbS CQDs with fluoride ligands is demonstrated and compared to the results obtained with other halides. The electron mobility in field-effect transistors of PbS CQDs treated with different halides shows an increase with the size of the atomic ligand (from 3.9 × 10–4 cm2/(V s) for fluoride-treated to 2.1 × 10–2 cm2/(V s) for iodide-treated), whereas the hole mobility remains unchanged in the range between 1 × 10–5 cm2/(V s) and 10–4cm2/(V s). This leads to a relatively more pronounced p-type behavior of the fluoride- and chloride-treated films compared to the iodide-treated ones. Cl–- and F–-capped PbS CQDs solids were then implemented as p-type layer in solar cells; these devices showed similar performance to those prepared with 1,2-ethanedithiol in the same function. The relatively stronger p-type character of the fluoride- and chloride-treated PbS CQD films broadens the utility of such materials in optoelectronic devices.
Target sequencing of cancer-related genes in early esophageal squamous neoplasia resected by endoscopic resection in Japanese patients

Background and Aims Next generation sequencing (NGS) has revealed a great deal about cancer-related somatic changes in esophageal squamous cell neoplasia; however, the changes in the very early stages remain unclear. Results TP53 (87%) and CDKN2A (20%) hot spot mutations were frequently found in early lesions. TP53 was the most common mutation (LGIN/HGIN, 86%; EP, 83%; LPM, 95%; MM/SM1, 80%), followed by CDKN2A (29%, 28%, 16% and 10%, respectively); the frequency of other mutations increased as the disease advanced (p < 0.01). Copy number variation analysis revealed copy number aberrations in multiple genes, including PIK3CA amplification (48%). NGS was superior to p53 immunostaining for detecting TP53 mutations (74% vs. 87%); in combination, the two tests improved detectability to 94%. Clinically, smoking was associated with the occurrence of TP53 mutations in these early lesions (p = 0.049). Materials and Methods Fifty-four early esophageal neoplasia lesions from 47 patients treated by endoscopic resection (low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia [LGIN], n = 1; high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia [HGIN] n = 7; invasion limited to epithelium [EP/M1], n = 18; lamina propria mucosae [LPM/M2], n = 19; muscularis mucosae [MM/M3], n = 8; and upper third of the SM [SM1], n = 2) were isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens by laser-capture microdissection. Target sequencing of 50 cancer-related genes was performed with an Ion Proton sequencer; their association with the clinical characteristics was investigated. Conclusions Mutations of TP53 and CDKN2A, and PIK3CA amplification were common in early esophageal squamous neoplasia, while other mutations accumulated with disease progression. An understanding of these molecular events might provide a molecular basis for early lesion treatment.
Database Development and Comparative Analysis of Isolated, Spoken Hindi Hybrid Paired Words & Spoken Hindi Partially Reduplicated Words Using Endpoint Detection

This paper describes the database development of three different types of spoken words Isolated, Spoken Hindi Hybrid Paired Words and Spoken Hindi Partially Reduplicated words. The main focus is on the comparative analysis of these Words by using endpoint detection algorithm. The development is done in the robust environment. Different male and female speakers are selected and recording is done in normal mode. Endpoint detection algorithm is used for the analysis purpose of various parameters such as Total duration of time, Number of samples, Root mean square value and Mean power (Intensity) in air of speech signal.