Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beliefs, knowledge, actions of nursing techniques in breastfeeding in pain management in immunization

ABSTRACT Objective: Understand the beliefs, knowledge, and actions of nursing technicians on breastfeeding as a form of non-pharmacological intervention to relieve pain in newborns and infants during immunization. Methods: Qualitative study carried out through semi-structured interviews with nine nursing technicians from three Basic Health Units in a city in the state of São Paulo. The theoretical approach of the Belief Model and the methodological framework of Thematic Analysis supported this study. Results: Three themes originated: Beliefs, Knowledge, and Actions of nursing technicians. Final considerations: Despite knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding as the most effective method for relieving pain in newborns and infants during vaccination, their restrictive beliefs overrode the evidence, leading them to act in ways that discourage or prevent the mother from breastfeed during vaccination. Formal training is recommended to align with current evidence-based practices.
Discovery of a novel genomic alteration that renders leukemic cells resistant to CD19-targeted immunotherapies

CD19-targeted immunotherapies that stimulate a cytotoxic T-cell response have revolutionized the management of B-cell malignancies, speci ﬁ cally relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/ R ALL). Blinatumomab is an anti-CD19 bispeci ﬁ c T-cell engager approved for the treatment of patients with R/R ALL. 1 KTE-X19 is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy under investigation in the ZUMA-3 (XXX) phase 1/2 clinical trial (registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02614066) for adult patients with R/R ALL. 2 The emergence of leukemic clones that have lost surface expression of CD19 is a cause of disease relapse in 10% to 25% of patients treated with either blinatumomab or CAR T cells. 1-5 Several distinct mechanisms have been documented, including truncating mutations in the transmembrane domain of CD19 that prevent surface expression, 5 as well as alternative messenger RNA splicing that results in loss of the antigenic
Intravitreal recombinant tPA before vitrectomy for diabetic tractional retinal detachment: A randomized controlled trial

Purpose To investigate the effect of intravitreal recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) injection before vitrectomy on surgical facility and outcome in diabetic tractional retinal detachments (TRD). Methods Prospective, randomized, interventional clinical trial. A total of 38 eyes with diabetic TRD were candidates for vitrectomy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive intravitreal rt-PA, five to seven days before vitrectomy or no injection. Intraoperative surgical facility and anatomic success at month 3 after surgery were assessed. Results Mean patient age was 54.2 ± 9.4 years. There was no statistically significant difference between rt-PA and no injection groups with regard to anatomic success (89% versus 95%, respectively, P = 0.547) and best corrected visual acuity at 3 months (2.0 versus 2.1 logMAR, respectively, P = 0.840). However, surgical facility score was statistically significantly lower in rt-PA injection group compared to no injection group (4.1 ± 1.7, 5.8 ± 2.0, respectively, P = 0.007). Conclusions Vitrectomy for TRD was easier after preoperative rt-PA injection, without affecting the anatomic and visual outcomes.
Exercise and hypoxia unmask pulmonary vascular disease and right ventricular dysfunction in a 10‐ to 12‐week‐old swine model of neonatal oxidative injury

Prematurely born young adults who experienced neonatal oxidative injury (NOI) of the lungs have increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Here, we investigated the long‐term effects of NOI on cardiopulmonary function in piglets at the age of 10–12 weeks. To induce NOI, term‐born piglets (1.81 ± 0.06 kg) were exposed to hypoxia (10–12% FiO2${F}_{{\rm{iO}}_{\rm{2}}}$ ), within 2 days after birth, and maintained for 4 weeks or until symptoms of heart failure developed (range 16–28 days), while SHAM piglets were normoxia raised. Following recovery (>5 weeks), NOI piglets were surgically instrumented to measure haemodynamics during hypoxic challenge testing (HCT) and exercise with modulation of the nitric‐oxide system. During exercise, NOI piglets showed a normal increase in cardiac index, but an exaggerated increase in pulmonary artery pressure and a blunted increase in left atrial pressure – suggesting left atrial under‐filling – consistent with an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), which correlated with the duration of hypoxia exposure. Moreover, hypoxia duration correlated inversely with stroke volume (SV) during exercise. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition and HCT resulted in an exaggerated increase in PVR, while the PVR reduction by phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibition was enhanced in NOI compared to SHAM piglets. Finally, within the NOI piglet group, prolonged duration of hypoxia was associated with a better maintenance of SV during HCT, likely due to the increase in RV mass. In conclusion, duration of neonatal hypoxia appears an important determinant of alterations in cardiopulmonary function that persist further into life. These changes encompass both pulmonary vascular and cardiac responses to hypoxia and exercise.
Biodiversity is decimated by the cascading effects of the amphibian-killing chytrid fungus

What is the Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) fungus? Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a water-borne chytrid fungus that infects keratinized tissues of its amphibian hosts [1]. Specifically, Bd infects the skin of subadult and adult amphibians and the mouthparts of larval amphibians, and often causes host mortality via its effects on osmotic balance [2]. Bd has a two-part lifecycle. First, the aquatic, flagellated zoospore is the infective stage, which encounters the amphibian’s keratinized skin and encysts within epithelial cells. Once embedded, the zoospore develops into the reproductive stage, known as the zoosporangium, which produces more zoospores and releases them onto the skin of the amphibian and into the environment within days to weeks [3–5]. Bd transmission occurs through direct contact with infected individuals [6] and indirect contact with infected materials [7]. To date, there are no confirmed environmental reservoirs of Bd with documented signs of saprophytic growth outside the amphibian host; however, Bd DNA has been detected on a number of non-amphibian species and materials (e.g., [8]). An interesting aspect of Bd biology is that it contains characteristics of both a microparasite and macroparasite [9]. Although Bd is small-like microparasites, host infection intensity (i.e., number of zoospores) is predictive of disease outcome and infectivity, which is common of macroparasites. However, unlike many microparasites, Bd lacks an efficient way to transmit between cells within an infected host (although transmission between cells has been documented [10,11]). Increasing infection intensity generally depends on external reinfection, which is a general characteristic of macroparasites. In the case of Bd, zoospores are released from within the skin and onto the skin surface to reinfect a host.
SCANet: A Unified Semi-Supervised Learning Framework for Vessel Segmentation

Automatic subcutaneous vessel imaging with near-infrared (NIR) optical apparatus can promote the accuracy of locating blood vessels, thus significantly contributing to clinical venipuncture research. Though deep learning models have achieved remarkable success in medical image segmentation, they still struggle in the subfield of subcutaneous vessel segmentation due to the scarcity and low-quality of annotated data. To relieve it, this work presents a novel semi-supervised learning framework, SCANet, that achieves accurate vessel segmentation through an alternate training strategy. The SCANet is composed of a multi-scale recurrent neural network that embeds coarse-to-fine features and two auxiliary branches, a consistency decoder and an adversarial learning branch, responsible for strengthening fine-grained details and eliminating differences between ground-truths and predictions, respectively. Equipped with a novel semi-supervised alternate training strategy, the three components work collaboratively, enabling SCANet to accurately segment vessel regions with only a handful of labeled data and abounding unlabeled data. Moreover, to mitigate the shortage of annotated data in this field, we provide a new subcutaneous vessel dataset, VESSEL-NIR. Extensive experiments on a wide variety of tasks, including the segmentation of subcutaneous vessels, retinal vessels, and skin lesions, well demonstrate the superiority and generality of our approach.
Programmed Intermittent Boluses of Ropivacaine may Provide Superior Analgesia Compared with Continuous Infusion via Paravertebral Catheters following Thoracic Surgery

Background: Extrapleural paravertebral local anaesthetic catheters are an effective method of post-operative analgesia. We investigated if delivery of ropivacaine via programmed intermittent boluses provided superior analgesia to continuous infusion alone in patients after thoracic surgery. Methods: A single-centre, retrospective study of 84 adult patients who received an extrapleural paravertebral catheter following thoracic surgery was performed. Patients were stratified into two groups based on the percentage of the total daily ropivacaine dose delivered as a bolus: continuous infusion (< 10%; n = 29) and programmed intermittent bolus (> 10%; n = 55). Outcomes included opioid consumption, pain scores, and ketamine use. Results: Both groups were comparable. Mean (standard deviation) oral morphine equivalent daily dose consumption on day one, the primary outcome, was 173.4mg (139.7mg) for the continuous infusion group compared to 129.2mg (100.4mg) for the programmed intermittent bolus group, p = 0.10. On day two, the mean (standard deviation) was 149.8mg (130.2mg) and 102.5mg (94.6mg) respectively, p = 0.08. On day three this reached significance with 178.1mg (150.6mg) for the continuous infusion group compared to 80.1mg (74.6mg) for the programmed intermittent bolus group, p = 0.001. There was also a reduction in the number of patients requiring ketamine in the programmed intermittent bolus group on day two (p = 0.02) and day three (p = 0.04). There was no difference in pain scores. Conclusion: In patients receiving extrapleural paravertebral catheters after thoracic surgery, the delivery of ropivacaine via programmed intermittent boluses may provide superior analgesia compared to continuous infusion alone.
Gene expression patterns in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with severe nephrocalcinosis

Abstract Nephrocalcinosis is a common disorder in farmed Atlantic salmon, but the consequences for the fish physiology are not well understood. We performed a transcriptome study in kidneys of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts without and with severe chronic nephrocalcinosis (NC). The study revealed that numerous genes are differentially expressed in fish with NC compared with healthy salmon. The most evident changes in gene expression patterns in the NC group were a massive downregulation of metabolism and energy production, upregulation of signalling pathways important for tissue repair and function maintenance and upregulation of inflammatory responses. Overall, the extensive tissue damage and the gene regulation responses that affect salmon with severe nephrocalcinosis are highly likely to have dramatic consequences on fish survival.
EBNA2-EBF1 complexes promote MYC expression and metabolic processes driving S-phase progression of Epstein-Barr virus–infected B cells

Significance Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human oncogenic herpesvirus strongly associated with multiple sclerosis. Like all herpesviruses, EBV switches between a productive lytic stage and latent stage. In its latent stage, EBV resides in B cells during its host’s lifetime. The EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) exposes a five–amino acid α1-helix on its surface that recruits early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) to activate critical metabolic processes of resting B cells upon infection. Our study demonstrates how EBNA2 exploits EBF1, a key factor of B cell lineage specification, to initiate proliferation and highlights the EBNA2 α1-helix as a potential Achilles heel of the virus at the critical stage when latent infection of the host is established.
Optimization of prostate cancer patient lymph node staging via the integration of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratios, platelet–lymphocyte ratios, and 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET‐derived SUVmax values

At present, standardized parameters for quantitatively evaluating 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT outcomes when diagnosing lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer patients are lacking. Inflammatory hematological biomarkers offer value as robust predictors of certain cancer‐related outcomes. The present study was thus developed to explore approaches to improving the utility of 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT for diagnosing lymph node metastasis through the combined evaluation of inflammatory hematological markers in prostate cancer patients.
Higher point maximally helicity violating amplitudes in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory

We compute the even part of the two-loop seven-point planar MHV amplitude in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We find that the even part is expressed in terms of conformal integrals with simple rational coefficients. We also compute the even part of two all-n cuts. An important feature of the result is that no hexagon (or higher polygon) loops appear among the integrals detected by the cuts we computed. We also present a "leg addition rule," which allows us to express some integral coefficients in the n + 1-point MHV amplitude in terms of the integral coefficients of the n-point MHV amplitude.
Kukoamine A inhibits C‐C motif chemokine receptor 5 to attenuate lipopolysaccharide‐induced lung injury

The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying the effects of Kukoamine A (KuA) treatment on endotoxin‐induced lung injury/inflammation. The study was performed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐exposed mouse models of lung injury and LPS‐induced alveolar epithelial cell model. Relevant kits were used to detect levels of inflammation‐related indicators, oxidative stress indicators, and mitochondrial function. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was to detect lung injury. Then, C‐C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) overexpression plasmid was transfected into alveolar epithelial cells to investigate the mechanism of KuA in lung injury. The results showed that LPS induction increased the expression of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial dysfunction in both animal and cellular models. In the mouse model, KuA treatment improved lung tissue injury, decreased wet‐to‐dry ratio and MPO levels, reduced the expression of inflammatory factors, and ameliorated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The protective effect of KuA in the cell model remained whereas was markedly reversed after CCR5 overexpression. Taken together, KuA might improve LPS‐induced lung injury by inhibiting CCR5. This might also provide a novel theory for KuA in the treatment of lung injury.
Negative Lymph Node Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Stage III Gastric Cancer Patients After Curative Gastrectomy: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Based Study

Background Negative lymph node (NLN)’ s prognostic impact on stage III gastric cancer (GC) patients after curative gastrectomy has not been rigorously studied. We aimed to explore the relationship between NLNs count and outcomes of stage III GC patients. Methods We retrospectively investigated stage III gastric cancer cases between 2008 and 2018 from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Variables were compared by chi2 test. Kaplan-Meier methods and COX proportional hazard models were used to ascertain independent prognostic factors. Survival differences among the subgroups were analyzed to assess the effects of NLN count on overall survival (OS) in stage III GC patients. Results 2373 patients with curative gastrectomy for stage III GC were identified. Univariate analysis demonstrated that NLNs count >14 was associated better 5-year OS (43.7% VS 23.1%, P< .001) comparing with the NLNs count ≤ 14. Subgroup analysis showed that the NLNs count could predict survival in both node-negative and node-positive patients. Multivariate analysis revealed NLNs count is an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions The NLNs count is an independent prognostic factor for survival in stage III gastric cancer patients after curative gastrectomy and should be recommended for clinical applications.
Risk factors for dementia in the context of cardiovascular disease: A protocol of an overview of reviews

Background Dementia is a major public health priority. Although there is abundant evidence of an association between dementia and poor cardiovascular health, findings have been inconsistent and uncertain in identifying which factors increase dementia risk in those with cardiovascular disease. Indeed, multiple variables including sociodemographic, economic, health, lifestyle and education may indicate who is at higher vs. lower dementia risk and could be used in prediction modelling. Therefore, the aim of this review is to synthesise evidence on the key risk factors for dementia in those with a history of cardiovascular disease. Methods This is an overview of reviews protocol, registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021265363). Four electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews will be searched. Studies will be included if they are systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses that have investigated the risk of incident dementia (all-cause and subtypes including Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia) in people with a history of coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and vascular stiffness. Study selection will be completed by two independent researchers according to the eligibility criteria, and conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. References will be exported into Covidence for title and abstract sifting, full-text review, and data extraction. Methodological quality will be assessed using the AMSTAR-2 criteria and confidence of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE classification. This overview of reviews will follow PRISMA guidelines. If there is sufficient homogeneity in the data, the results will be pooled, and a meta-analysis conducted to determine the strength of association between each risk factor and incident all-cause dementia and its subtypes for each cardiovascular diagnoses separately. Discussion We will create a comprehensive summary of the key risk factors linking cardiovascular diseases to risk of incident dementia. This knowledge is essential for informing risk predictive model development as well as the development of risk reduction and prevention strategies.
Deficiency in Re-Orienting of Attention in Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective: To characterize potential brain indexes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Methods: In an effort to develop objective, laboratory-based tests that can help to establish ADHD diagnosis, the brain indexes of distractibility was investigated in a group of adults. We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and performance measures in a forced-choice visual task. Results: Behaviorally aberrant distractibility in the ADHD group was significantly higher. Across three ERP components of distraction: N1 enhancement, P300 (P3a), and Reorienting Negativity (RON) the significant difference between ADHD and matched controls was found in the amplitude of the RON. We used non-parametric randomization tests, enabling us to statistically validated this difference between-group. Conclusions: Our main results of this feasibility study suggest that among other ERP components associated with auditory distraction, the RON response is promising index for a potential biomarker of deficient re-orienting of attention in adults s with ADHD.
Perturbation Method for the Analysis and Optimization of Microwave Devices

—A perturbation method for determining the param- eters of microwave devices, such as admittance, impedance, and scattering parameters, is presented. Several types of perturba- tions are considered: variation of component parameters, differentiable variation of medium properties, thin ﬁlm growth, and boundary shifting. The concept of power waves is generalized to nondiagonal and inﬁnite-dimensional complex source impedance operators. Based on this concept, the radial waveguide concept is developed, and parameters that incorporate phase information are introduced for antenna characterization. These concepts and parameters enable the application of the presented method for solving a wide range of problems, including matching complex impedances and antenna optimization.
Framework for collaborative human-robot ﬂexible manufacturing applications

—A growing number of robots collaborating closely with human operators is envisaged to be employed in manufacturing assembly lines in the next future. It has been demonstrated in many research works that robots increase the productivity and efﬁciency of the manufacturing process. However, safety is a challenging problem to be considered in human-robot collaborative applications. This work outlines a ﬂexible human-robot collaborative framework, which is the core of a brand new project to be fully developed in the very next future, to provide intuitive and safe human-robot interactions, leveraging mobile robots and manipulators.
MCP-1 deficiency fails to restrain macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue

Objective: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a CC-motif chemokine, has been proposed to play critical roles in insulin resistance and recruitment of monocytes into adipose tissue. We hypothesized that the absence of MCP-1 would improve the former and diminish the latter. Research Design and Methods: We investigated these two hypotheses by quantifying glucose metabolism and the accumulation of macrophages in adipose tissue of control and MCP1 − deficient ( Mcp1 -/- ) mice after feeding the animals a high-fat diet for 10 or 16 weeks. Results: We first established that the two strains were in the same genetic background and that macrophage recruitment into inflamed peritoneum was markedly reduced in the MCP-1 deficient animals. In striking contrast, independent studies at two different facilities at either an early or late time point failed to detect any impairment in macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue of fat-fed Mcp1 -/- mice. Indeed, immunoblot analysis revealed higher levels of Mac2, a macrophage-specific protein, in multiple fat depots of Mcp1 -/- mice fed a high-fat diet. These mice also had significantly more adipose tissue than control mice, but their glucose metabolism was similar. Conclusions: Our observations indicate that MCP-1 may not play a prominent a role in promoting macrophage recruitment into adipose tissue or in systemic insulin resistance.