Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Industrial Effluents on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Three Leafy Vegetables

This study was conducted to determine the effect of industrial effluents on seed germination and seedling growth of some leafy vegetables under pot culture condition. Waste water sample was collected from natural gas fertilizer factory Limited, Fenchuganj, Sylhet. Four different leafy vegetables were selected as test crop to grow using these effluents. The design of the experiment was randomized complete block. The effects of different concentration of effluent were compared to that of distilled water (control). The results revealed that different concentrations of the extract caused significant inhibitory effect on germination and root elongation but benefited the shoot elongation. Maximum reduction in germination and root length was observed with the increase in effluent concentration, but increasing the shoot length. Bioassays indicated that the effects were proportional to the concentrations of the effluents and higher concentration showed stronger effect. Different physicochemical parameters of water e.g. pH, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, Total dissolve solids (TSS), total suspended solids (TSS) etc. of the sample was also analyzed. It was found that the values were far apart from the optimum values that require for safe aquatic environment to establish an aquatic ecosystem on water body. It can be concluded that polluted water is becoming a threat for the crops and also for aquatic environment with the passage of time as more and more wastes are becoming a part of it. Key words: Industrial effluents; Aquatic environment; Seed germination; Seedling growth; Pollution. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i2. 5705 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(2), 101-104, 2010
A sensitive method to detect strain in silicon crystals using X‐ray dynamical diffraction

A very sensitive method to detect long-range strain in otherwise perfect crystalline materials is presented. In this method, a specimen is set vertically in a diffraction apparatus under the symmetrical Laue condition, in which the scattering vector is horizontal. The specimen is then rotated along the scattering vector, with the Bragg condition being kept satisfied. Experiments were carried out using Si crystals of 714 μm thickness with X-rays of 0.4 A wavelength. The Si crystals were strained by scratching the surface with a glass-cutter. A characteristic behaviour of the integrated intensities was observed. When the specimens were rotated in the opposite direction, the integrated intensities were different and sharply enhanced integrated intensities of the higher order reflections were observed when the specimens were rotated from their initial vertical positions. The observed results can be explained using the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction for distorted crystals, with the assumption that the specimens were bent along an axis lying on the specimen surface. This method of rotating the crystal along the scattering vector is a very sensitive method to detect minute strains induced by device fabrication processes. The detection limit for the presented specimen is estimated to be equivalent to a uniform bending with a radius of curvature of 7000 m.
Structural and magnetic properties of oxidatively stable cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated in graphite shells

Oxidatively stable magnetic cobalt nanoparticles were prepared by annealing cobalt nanoparticles coated with poly(styrene-b-4-vinylphenoxyphthalonitrile) block copolymers. An oxygen-impermeable graphitic coating around the cobalt nanoparticles was created during thermal treatment at 700 °C owing to the thermal decomposition/cross-linking of a polymer with a highly aromatic character. A variety of analytical techniques were used to elucidate the physical properties of the pre-heat-treated and heat-treated samples. The cobalt-specific saturation magnetization (σs) increased from 81 to 173 emu g-1 Co upon heating of the polymer-coated cobalt nanoparticles. The pre-heat-treated sample readily oxidized, as revealed by low-temperature magnetic susceptometry studies, whereas the heat-treated sample showed oxidative stability for over 1 year. The mean cobalt particle size increased from 18.5 to 36.1 nm during thermal treatment. Electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction revealed that the pre-heat-treated particle.
Control of lateral domain spreading in congruent lithium niobate by selective proton exchange

Proton exchange was observed to increase the poling voltage for congruent lithium niobate. Patterned proton exchange was then used to control domain nucleation and inhibit broadening of reversed domains. Periodically proton exchanged samples were used to form domain gratings by electric field poling just using planar electrodes and without need for poling current control. The reversed domain gratings had a duty cycle faithfully reproducing that of the proton exchanged pattern with straight domain walls parallel to the x face, thus demonstrating that high-fidelity reversed domain patterning is possible to obtain by a relatively simple process.
Density functional calculations of shallow acceptor levels in Si

We present a comprehensive study of the binding energies of B, Al, Ga, In, Tl shallow acceptors in bulk Si using density functional theory. Two approaches are used to calculate the binding energies. One is based on the eigenenergy of the single particle Kohn–Sham equation, and another is based on the total energy change during the impurity ionization process. Planewave pseudopotential Hamiltonian under local density approximation is used. A special potential patching method is presented which allows the calculation of 64 000 atom supercells needed for converging the eigenenergies. We found that the calculated impurity eigenenergies reproduce correctly the trend of the element dependence of the binding energy. But the calculated binding energies for In and Tl are much smaller than the experimental values. A linear response formula is derived which relates the total energy difference between the systems with occupied and unoccupied impurity to the impurity state eigenenergy and the impurity state self-inter.
Determination of Arsenic, Cadmium, Cobalt, Chromium, Nickel, and Lead in Cosmetic Face-Powders: Optimization of Extraction and Validation

An analytical method for the quantification of toxic metals in face-powders is presented and discussed. Acid digestion with HNO3-H2O2 or HNO3-HCl was performed and compared with total digestion by HF. The digestion with HNO3-H2O2 was the most suitable for these purposes. Analyses were performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), whose performances were compared by analyzing three different certified reference materials. The analysis of five commercial face-powders revealed the presence of all the considered metals in the range 0.06–8.0 µg/g. To simulate the bioaccessibility of metals in physiological conditions, a digestion with a simulated sweat solution was performed. In this case, the analysis of the same face-powder samples provided results below the limit of quantification, suggesting low bioaccessibility of the considered trace elements.
The UPC RDF-to-Text System at WebNLG Challenge 2020

This work describes the end-to-end system architecture presented at WebNLG Challenge 2020. The system follows the traditional Machine Translation (MT) pipeline, based on the Transformer model, applied in most text-totext problems. Our solution is enriched by means of a Back Translation step over the original corpus. Thus, the system directly relies on lexicalise format since the synthetic data limits the use of delexicalisation.
Synthesis of extremely small CdSe and bright blue luminescent CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles by a prefocused hot-injection approach

Although cadmium selenide is a well-explored material in aqueous and hot-injection synthesis of semiconductor quantum dots, only a few syntheses are reported for the preparation of extremely small cadmium selenide nanocrystallites. We present a hot-injection approach based on the enhancement of the nucleation rate to make cadmium selenide quantum dots with a diameter tunable between 1.5 and 2.2 nm. Furthermore, we present a procedure on how to coat these particles with zinc sulfide, leading to highly efficient fluorophors in the blue region of the visible spectrum. The work was performed without the use of highly reactive (pyrophoric) precursors and represents a basic concept for the preparation of small nanoparticles in general.
Theoretical assessments of the basicity and nucleophilicity of carboxylate syn and anti lone pairs

by Coreyg for an optimal reaction rate. The pD rate profile for enolization of this ketone is given in Figure 2. The rate of enolization was determined in 50:50 CD,OD/D,O a t 60 “ C using suitable buffers. The reaction was followed by N M R through the disappearance of the signal for the methyl ketone. The plateau region corresponds to the titrimetrically determinedlo pKa (6.2). The kinetically determined pKa of 8a is 6.00 in the reaction medium. The rate is 6.6 X 10” s-]. Parallel results were observed for 8b (pK, = 6.47 in this medium), although the rate constants for exchange of 8b were -3 times faster than those for 8a. The rates observed in the plateau region were shown to be independent of concentration, as would be expected for an intramolecular process. The calculation of an E M for the process requires an adequate bimolecular control. Accordingly, we have studied the enolization of the corresponding methyl esters 11 using pivalate’O as the base under the same conditions, pD = 7.5, 60 OC (eq 5 ) . The bi-
General rule for predicting surface segregation of substrate metal on film surface

We studied surface segregation of substrate metal on the top of a deposited film in a vacuum. A metallic polycrystalline film of submicron or micrometer thickness was deposited on a substrate and heated in an Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) or x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) apparatus. The surface composition was monitored during heating. The specimen was heated until the substrate metal was observed on the surface of the deposited film and the surface concentration of the substrate metal became saturated. The depth profile of the heated specimen was obtained by measuring AES/XPS with Ar ion etching. Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Nb, and Fe were used as substrate materials and Al, Ti, Cr, Cu, Zr, Nb, and Fe were used as film materials. More than 25 combinations of film–substrate materials have been investigated. For some film–substrate combinations, substrate metal was observed on the surface by heating at rather low temperature and substrate metal was only observed at the surface (i.e., surface segregatio.
AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AGRICULTURAL POLICIES ON VEGETABLE OILS IN EGYPT

The research aims to measure the impact of agricultural policies on vegetable oils in Egypt during the period (2000-2018), by measuring the impact of agricultural policies on food security indicators for vegetable oils, consumer and product protection policies and their impact on country returns, the marketing efficiency of vegetable oils, estimating domestic and external demand On vegetable oils, and the prediction of the vegetable oils gap until 2025, in order to assist decision makers in taking appropriate food policies and how to achieve food security. Four standard models have been described to predict the future vegetable oil gap. It shows an increase in vegetable oil prices during the postrevolution period and exchange rate liberalization policies at all price levels (product, wholesale, retail, consumer), as well as an increase in the amount of production, imports, consumption, gap, and the adequacy period of imports for domestic consumption, on the contrary it decreased the proportion of self-sufficiency and the sufficient of production for domestic consumption of vegetable oils. There is also a positive impact for the implementation of the policies of the second period (2011-2018) on the productive and consumer side, the total social returns, the distributional effects of producers, government revenues and foreign currency obtained. It was also shown that the product’s share of the consumer’s price increased during the second period of the study compared to the first period, it has also been shown that there is a direct relationship between the quantity of vegetable oil imports, income per capita and the total consumption of vegetable oils, finally, it was revealed through the prediction of the amount of vegetable oils gap until 2025 that the minimum potential gap of vegetable oils is estimated at about 751 thousand tons in 2024, while the maximum gap of potential vegetable oils reached about 3311 thousand tons in 2025 according to brown's one-parameter model for doubleexponential smoothing.
NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATION FOR SALINITY TOLERANCE ENHANCEMENT OF MICROPROPAGATED GARDENIA JASMINOIDES ELLIS PLANT

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is widely used as screens, hedges, borders or ground overs in the field of ornamental plants. Besides, it has been included in traditional medicine due to its homeostatic, antiphlogistic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. This work aimed to alleviate the abiotic effects of salinity stress using some elements nanoparticles. The experiment was carried out to assess the effect of BA concentration (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l) on in vitro propagation ability of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis plant and mitigate the effect of different levels of salinity stress (0.0, 2000, 4000 and 6000 ppm) on the plant using two concentrations (2.5 and 5.0 mg/l) of some elements Nanoparticles (Zn, Ti and Fe NPs). MS supplemented with BA at 1.0 mg/l combined with NAA (0.2 mg/l) was the suitable in vitro propagation medium and the proliferated shoots couldn’t form any roots under all used salinity levels. At 2000 ppm of salinity, using high concentration (5 mg/l) of Ti NPS had the best results for shooting and rooting abilities. While, adding 5 mg/l of Zn or Fe NPs with 4000 ppm of salinity induced shoot proliferation, elongation and rooting capability. Increasing NaCl salt to the highest level (6000 ppm) increased the phenolic, flavonoids and proline contents of shootlets. The highest values of these compounds were noticed when 2.5mg/ l of Ti NPs was added the culture medium that contained 4000 ppm salinity.
Temporal Variations of Major Air Pollutants and Pollution Standard Index in the Great Tehran Area

In this study, the trends of Pollution Standard Index (PSI) and the levels of related air pollutants are analyzed based on the database monitored at two selected roadside air quality monitoring stations: Aghdasieh and Fatemi in Tehran during 2000–2006. The original measured pollutant data and the resultant PSIs are statistically analyzed in different time series, including daily, monthly and seasonal patterns. The daily mean PSIs in seasonal period can be regarded as nonstationary time series. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method implemented by the Box–Jenkins model is used to forecast the PSI time series. The performance evaluations of the adopted models are also carried out and discussed according to Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criteria (BIC). The results indicate that both ARIMA (1, 1, 1) and ARIMA (2, 1, 1) models can provide reliable satisfactory predictions for both time series.
Damage localization using modal submatrix scaling factor and neural network

Damage identification and localization is a major issue in aging civil engineering structures, even more so when the structures involved are made of reinforced concrete. Mathematical models that show solid results and good performance in laboratory are often unreliable on real structures because of the additional complexity and additional uncertainties involved. In this study, the existing submatrix scaling factors model for damage localization is modified and enhanced. A submatrix scaling factor identifies the damage within a structure at element level through the element stiffness matrix. The proposed modal submatrix scaling factor identifies the damage at sub element level. It determines not only which element is damaged but also which mode is affected: axial load stiffness, bending moment and shear stiffness, torsional stiffness. This gives useful insight about the damage; it can identify if a crack is involved rather than a loss of pretension. The new method requires a larger and deeper neural network framework, deep learning, that was prohibitively expensive up to now. Nowadays however, the rise of GPGPU parallel computing makes the method affordable. The neural network is the center piece of a larger framework that includes: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system and a parametric finite element (FE) analysis. The SHM system is installed on a real reinforced concrete bridge and it is used to gather the input data for the neural network. The parametric FE analysis is used to compare the output of the neural network with the real structure and to train the neural network.
Kd-Tree Based Algorithm For Copy-Move Forgery Detection

: Using image manipulation programs has become easier and more powerful than before. Due to such fact, detection of image forgeries has produced significant interest recently. Falsification of images can initiate dangerous legal concerns. Among the most extensively utilized approaches for image forgeries is copy-move forgery in which a section of the image is copied and duplicated in another location in the same image. A significant part of a digital image can be covered or added using this procedure. In this paper, we propose an accurate algorithm for copy-move forgery detection. A block-based approach is suggested that uses the KD-tree data structure and a simple yet efficient feature vector to detect the possible forgery. The results demonstrated in this work match state of the art methods while providing a significant speedup.
Rheological Model for the Study of Dilational Properties of Monolayers. Comportment of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) at the Dichloromethane (DCM)/Water Interface under Ramp Type or Sinusoidal Perturbations

The dilational properties of monolayers are analyzed using the classical linear approximation. In most cases, the observed interfacial behavior can be approached by a model corresponding to a two-dimensional viscoelastic solid. The monolayer is characterized by two dilational elasticity terms (Ee, equilibrium elasticity, and Ene, nonequilibrium elasticity) and by one relaxation time (τ). These three physical constants are obtained from the responses of a ramp type perturbation, or from the responses (as a function of the frequencies) after sinusoidal area variations. Using axisymmetric drop shape analysis experiments, a dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) layer at the dichloromethane/water interface is characterized. Measurements of the surface pressure variations as the response to linear or sinusoidal variations of surface area are performed. Identical rheological physical constants (equilibrium elasticity, nonequilibrium elasticity, and relaxation time) are obtained using both methods. Dilational be.
Electropolymerization of polyaniline thin films

Polyaniline (PANI) thin films have been electrochemically synthesized onto conducting glass substrates. The current study demonstrates that the properties of PANI films depend on the concentration of dopant acid. Well-adherent PANI coatings were obtained under potentiodynamic conditions during sequential scanning of the potential region between −0.35 V and +1.7 V with respect to silver/silver chloride. The structural, optical, and morphological properties of PANI films were studied with the aid of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Current–voltage (I-V) measurements were performed to study the electrical properties of PANI films. The XRD peaks observed at 2θ = 15.4°, 24.2°, and 25.1° confirm the synthesis of emeraldine form of PANI. The strong absorption peaks observed in the UV-Vis absorption spectra at 317 nm (π–π* interband transition), 371–427 nm (polaron band transition), and 750 nm (bipolaron band transition) confirm the formation of emeraldine oxidation state of PANI. A broad peak attributed in the PL spectra around 395 nm is related to the transition from polaronic band to the π band. All the intense bands attributed in the Raman spectra are associated with the emeraldine oxidation state of PANI. FESEM images reveal the formation of fibers and belts of PANI. Highly conducting thin films of PANI deposited at higher concentrations of dopant acid were confirmed by I-V measurements.
Controlled Production of Emulsions Using a Crossflow Membrane: Part I: Droplet Formation from a Single Pore

Amethod for manufacturing emulsions based on cross flow membrane emulsification has been studied. This involves the formation of emulsions by breaking up the discontinuous phase into droplets in a controlled manner without the use of turbulent eddies. This is achieved by passing the discontinuous phase through a suitable microporous medium and injecting the droplets so formed directly into a moving continuous phase. This paper summarizes the development of this technology. Experimental data obtained using a single pore (capillary tube) are presented here for the production of model oil-in-water emulsions. A high speed video camera was used to measure droplet growth and detachment processes from the pore as a function of process parameters such as transmembrane pressure drop, continuous phase crossflow velocity etc. A phenomenological model is developed and tested to predict droplet size and production rate.
Diurnal and seasonal variabilities in surface ozone and its precursor gases at a semi‐arid site Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m asl) in India

Measurements of surface ozone and its precursor gases (NOx and CO) have been made at a semi‐arid site Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m asl) in tropical Indian region for the period, 2001–2003. NOx and CO levels were the highest during morning and late night hours at this site. Diurnal variations of ozone concentrations varied from 25 ppbv to 50 ppbv and were observed to increase gradually after sunrise, attaining a maximum value by the evening and decreasing gradually thereafter. During monsoon months, the diurnal amplitude of ozone was found to be small (20–25 ppbv). Seasonal variation in ozone showed a pronounced maximum (40–50 ppbv) in the winter and summer. Local pollutants were major contributors to the ozone levels during this period. Ozone shows a yearly mean mixing ratio of about 35.9 ± 8.8 ppbv. The daytime concentration of CO and NOx varied between 200 to 1200 ppbv and 3 to 20 ppbv respectively for the period studied. Annual average mixing ratios of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and CO were observed to be 3.9±0.6 ppbv and 436±64 ppbv, respectively.