Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Supply Chain Network with Multi-Echelon

The study of the effect of redistribution strategy and aggregation, on a multi-echelon supply chain network by managing demand volatility is discussed in this research. For this an operational supply chain design is considered. Multi-echelon network consisting of manufacturing plants, distribution centers, warehouses, and retailers is used to develop the case study. Aggregation strategy was analyzed in the context of single product and multi-product for a multi-period production problem under demand uncertainty. Product sourcing between echelons and distribution strategies are considered for the study. Objective was to use the redistribution strategy to optimize the objective functions for the network. The objective functions include minimization of total cost, minimization of overage and stock-out conditions, and maximization of the customer service level. The total cost function includes product flow, transportation cost and distance cost. The mathematical formulation is carried out in Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) with the help of Generic Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS). Problem formulation considers three type of demand based on volatility and uncertainty cases as high, medium, and low. The research is divided into three main phases to discuss an optimal multi-echelon supply chain network for single product using aggregation strategy.
Automatic Speech Intelligibility Detection for Speakers with Speech Impairments: The Identification of Significant Speech Features

Selection of relevant features is important for discriminating speech in detection based ASR system, thus contributing to the improved performance of the detector. In the context of speech impairments, speech errors can be discriminated from regular speech by adopting the appropriate discriminative speech features with high discriminative ability between the impaired and the control group. However, identification of suitable discriminative speech features for error detection in impaired speech was not well investigated in the literature. Characteristics of impaired speech are grossly different from regular speech, thus making the existing speech features to be less effective in recognizing the impaired speech. To overcome this gap, the speech features of impaired speech based on the prosody, pronunciation and voice quality are analyzed for identifying the significant speech features which are related to the intelligibility deficits. In this research, we investigate the relations of speech impairments due to cerebral palsy, and hearing impairment with the prosody, pronunciation, and voice quality. Later, we identify the relationship of the speech features with the speech intelligibility classification and the significant speech features in improving the discriminative ability of an automatic speech intelligibility detection system. The findings showed that prosody, pronunciation and voice quality features are statistically significant speech features for improving the detection ability of impaired speeches. Voice quality is identified as the best speech features with more discriminative power in detecting speech intelligibility of impaired speech.
Management of severe pulmonary thromboembolism undetected by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography: a case report

Corresponding author Sung Sik Park Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130, Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea Tel: +82-53-200-5877 Fax: +82-53-426-2760 E-mail : sspark@knu.ac. kr ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-7513 Pulmonary thromboembolism is a fatal disease most frequently caused by deep vein thrombosis. It is important to early diagnose, prevent, and manage deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. However, under general anesthesia, the clinical signs of pulmonary thromboembolism are vague, which complicates its timely diagnosis and treatment. In the present case, transesophageal echocardiography was first performed to diagnose severe pulmonary embolism during pelvic fracture surgery; after computed tomography confirmation, embolectomy was successfully performed.
Extending the range of constant strain rate nanoindentation testing

Constant strain rate nanoindentation hardness measurements at high sustained strain rates cannot be made in conventional nanoindentation testing systems using the commonly employed continuous stiffness measurement technique (CSM) because of the “plasticity error” recently reported by Merle et al. [ Acta Mater. 134 , 167 (2017)]. To circumvent this problem, here we explore an alternative testing and analysis procedure based on quasi-static loading and an independent knowledge of the Young’s modulus, which is easily obtained by standard nanoindentation testing. In theory, the method applies to any indentation strain rate, but in practice, an upper limit on the rate arises from hardware limitations in the testing system. The new methodology is developed and applied to measurements made with an iMicro nanoindenter (KLA, Inc.), in which strain rates up to 100 s^−1 were successfully achieved. The origins of the hardware limitations are documented and discussed.
The impact of model fidelity on acquisition of abdominal incision closure skills in novice veterinary students

These possibilities could have been evaluated by assessing skills more frequently and having students report practice hours. Other limitations include the rubric’s inability to differentiate global flaws (e.g. suture handling) from checklist line item flaws. Using both a checklist and global rating scale may have better clarified where students’ skill differed. Tissue layers and spacing were assessed only via recording, not measured on the cadaver at the time of suturing; thus we evaluated the reliability of the raters’ scores but not their accuracy which may have impacted the results.
Design of the Walking Pattern Generation Software of AR-600 Anthropomorphic Platform

Biped walking implies a multitude of cyclically moving body segments and requires corresponding adjustment and coordinated movement of these segments to ensure smooth motion and balance maintenance – a challenging task considering technical limitations of currently existing robotic platforms. The article describes the implementation of the real-time dynamic walking of the AR-600 anthropomorphic robotic platform produced by JSC NPO Androidnaya Tekhnika (Magnitogorsk, Russia). The robot was controlled employing the software developed by the authors and motions were simulated in the 3DLK specialized simulation environment (JSC NPO Androidnaya Tekhnika). The authors studied various walking trajectories and confirmed the validity of this algorithm and related software for implementing biped robot locomotion.
Evaluating the data quality of iNaturalist termite records

Citizen science (CS) contributes to the combined knowledge about species distributions, which is a critical foundation in the studies of invasive species, biological conservation, and response to climatic change. In this study, we assessed the value of CS for termites worldwide. First, we compared the abundance and species diversity of geo-tagged termite records in iNaturalist to that of the University of Florida termite collection (UFTC) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). Second, we quantified how the combination of these data sources affected the number of genera that satisfy data requirements for ecological niche modeling. Third, we assessed the taxonomic correctness of iNaturalist termite records in the Americas at the genus and family level through expert review based on photo identification. Results showed that iNaturalist records were less abundant than those in UFTC and in GBIF, although they complemented the latter two in selected world regions. A combination of GBIF and UFTC led to a significant increase in the number of termite genera satisfying the abundance criterion for niche modeling compared to either of those two sources alone, whereas adding iNaturalist observations as a third source only had a moderate effect on the number of termite genera satisfying that criterion. Although research grade observations in iNaturalist require a community-supported and agreed upon ID below the family taxonomic rank, our results indicated that iNaturalist data do not exhibit a higher taxonomic classification accuracy when they are designated research grade. This means that non-research grade observations can be used to more completely map the presence of termite locations in certain geographic locations without significantly jeopardizing data quality. We concluded that CS termite observation records can, to some extent, complement expert termite collections in terms of geographic coverage and species diversity. Based on recent data contribution patterns in CS data, the role of CS termite contributions is expected to grow significantly in the near future.
The parasite density and erythrocyte sedimentation rate on patients with uncomplicated tropical Malaria In two community health centre of West Lombok

Malaria infections are often associated with the activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. An increase number of fibrinogen levels in severe malaria and the increase of fibrinogen also stimulated the increase of erythrocytes sedimentation rate. The aim of this study is to find out about the effects of high parasitemia to erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with uncomplicated tropical malaria. Samples are collected using the Purposive Samplings method. To determined the effect of parasite density to erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) levels (mm/h), the data were analyzed using the Non-Parametric Kruskal Wallis test (α=0,05). From 8 samples, 2 subjects (25%) has ++ (2+) densities with 35 and 46 mm/h; 3 subjects (37,5%) has +++ (3+) densities with 10, 65 and 70 mm/h; and also 3 other subjects (37,5%) has ++++ (4+) densities with 21, 44, and 70 mm/h. The Non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test shows that p-value 0,932 >α, means there is no effect of parasitic density on ESR levels in patients with uncomplicated tropical malaria. Using the ESR as the only-main biomarker in assessing the severity of malaria is an inaccurate idea because the ESR is more likely a non-specific test, therefore another blood test is needed to establish a diagnosis of malaria severity.
Australian and Jordanian Dentists' Knowledge of Ionising Radiation

8 Introduction 15 Literature review 16 Dental radiology 17 Ionising radiation 17 Dental films 19 Dental radiographs 20 Periapical radiographs 21 Bitewing radiographs 21 Occlusal radiographs 21 Digital dental radiography 22 Radiation dose and dosimetry 24 Why bother with radiography? 28 Risks associated with radiography 29 Risk to children and adolescents 32 Risk to pregnant women 34 The reduction of radiation risk to patients 36 Voltage and current of X-ray tube 36 Collimation and field of view 37 Filtration 37 Digital detector 38 Voxel size 38 Number of projections 39 Shielding devices 39 Information and guidelines 39 Knowledge and awareness 40 Aims and significances 44 Research methodology 46 Data analysis 50 Ethical considerations 50 Generalisability of results 51 Results 54 Discussion and conclusion 80 Summary 82 References 83 Appendix A 95
Discharge-impulse methods application in technologies of mineral resources mastering

Present-day condition and objectively established trends of developing mineral and crude base of non-ferrous metallurgy have predetermined two main directions in mineral raw materials processing. The first direction is based on some traditional technologies of free-milling ore processing with receiving of mono selective concentrates at the enrichment stage with following recycling them using already known pyro-, chemico-, hydrometallurgical methods. The main way of developing this direction is invention of high-performance combined processes and combined technological schemes. The second direction covers difficult raw material. It is based on combined technologies providing a discharge of advantageous components into the mono selective concentrates at the step of enrichment. At the other steps – transfer of refractory mineral assemblages into a polymetallic products and their further selection using enrichment, pyro- and hydrometallurgical methods. Among various methods of influence on the mineral assemblages, there are two groups, applicable in combined technology systems, to highlight. These are enrichment based on energy and chemical-metallurgical impacts at the finalizing step, where the necessary increase of completeness and complexity of crude ore applying might be provided only by processing it using combined technologies, which optimally match the both of selected groups.
Optimize the Banker’s Multi-Stage Decision-Making and the Mechanism of Pay Contract Influencing on Bank Default Risk in the Long-Term Model

In recent years, researchers have been devoted to illustrating the correlation between bankers’ pay contracts and a bank’s risk-taking behavior where corporate governance is concerned, especially throughout the past four decades and by using empirical analysis. Despite being a widespread concern, the causality of this relationship is not thoroughly understood. We initiate this research by modeling bankers’ multi-stage decisions of option investment and bond investment from the perspective of theoretical analysis, and by analyzing the function image results using data from Wells Fargo & Co. from the ExecuComp, BvD Orbis, and CRSP-COMPUSTAT databases. We aim to deeply explore the mechanism of how compensation influencing on risk. We are the first to find that it has a “risk cap”, which is the optimal risk level to maximize the return of decision-making. We are also the first to discover the optimal decision coefficient level to maximize the decision return, during which the internal causes and mechanisms of the impact of bankers’ compensation on a bank’s default risk are revealed. We also illustrate the influence of the number of periods. We expect our findings to provide advice for establishing policies when designing pay contracts.
Regulation of MMP-9 in human ovarian cancer.

Matrix metailoproteases (MMPs) are a family of structurally and functionally related endopeptidases. They have a zinc ion at their active site and are released as inactive pro-forms. Activation enables MMPs to degrade components of the extracellular matrix and this been associated with tumour growth and metastasis. The aim of this thesis w as to establish the pattern of MMPs and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (T IM Ps) present in human ovarian cancer and to investigate further one MMP, M M P-9. M M P /T IM P gene expression was assessed by R T-PC R in biopsies of normal, benign and malignant human ovary and compared to ovarian cancer cell lines and xenograft models of human ovarian cancer. Expression of MMP-2, -11, M T-1-M M P, T IM P-1, -2 and -3 was detectable in all tissue samples. MMP-1, -10 and M T-2-M M P were rarely detectable and MM P-3, -7, -9, -13 and M T-3-M M P were variably expressed. M M P/TIM P expression in the malignant biopsies was similar to that in ovarian cancer cell lines and xenograft models of human ovarian cancer. M M P-9 production was further investigated in an in vitro model of tumour cell macrophage interaction. In human ovarian cancer M M P-9 localises to infiltrating macrophages but little is known of its regulation. Co-culture of ovarian cancer cells (P E 01 ) and a monocytic cell line (THP-1) led to production of 92kDa proMMP-9. P E 01 conditioned medium (CM ) also stimulated THP-1 cells or isolated peripheral blood monocytes to produce proMMP-9. Expression of T IM P-1, however, remained unaffected. The metalloprotease stimulating factor (M M PSF) present in CM was not TN F-a , but acted in a synergistic fashion with autocrine monocyte-derived T N F -a to stimulate release of monocytic proMMP-9. M M PSF was further characterised. In all experiments only proMMP-9 was released. Cell extracts of THP-1 cells contained a 92 and 85kDa form of MM P-9. N-terminal sequencing revealed that both proteins contained the full pro-peptide and were therefore proteolytically inactive pro-forms of MMP-9.
Heavy Alkali Treatment of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells: Surface versus Bulk Effects

Chalcopyrite solar cells achieve efficiencies above 23%. The latest improvements are due to post‐deposition treatments (PDT) with heavy alkalis. This study provides a comprehensive description of the effect of PDT on the chemical and electronic structure of surface and bulk of Cu(In,Ga)Se2. Chemical changes at the surface appear similar, independent of absorber or alkali. However, the effect on the surface electronic structure differs with absorber or type of treatment, although the improvement of the solar cell efficiency is the same. Thus, changes at the surface cannot be the only effect of the PDT treatment. The main effect of PDT with heavy alkalis concerns bulk recombination. The reduction in bulk recombination goes along with a reduced density of electronic tail states. Improvements in open‐circuit voltage appear together with reduced band bending at grain boundaries. Heavy alkalis accumulate at grain boundaries and are not detected in the grains. This behavior is understood by the energetics of the formation of single‐phase Cu‐alkali compounds. Thus, the efficiency improvement with heavy alkali PDT can be attributed to reduced band bending at grain boundaries, which reduces tail states and nonradiative recombination and is caused by accumulation of heavy alkalis at grain boundaries.
Pavement distress detection and classification based on YOLO network

ABSTRACT The detection and classification of pavement distress (PD) play a critical role in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation. Research on PD automation detection and measurement has been actively conducted. However, types of PD are more necessary for road managers to take effective actions. Also, lack of a unified PD dataset leads to absence of a benchmark on various methods. This study makes three contributions to address these issues. Firstly, a large-scale PD dataset is prepared. This dataset is composed of 45,788 images captured with a high-resolution industrial camera installed on vehicles, in a variety of weather and illuminance conditions. Each image is annotated with bounding box representing location and type of distress. Secondly, a deep learning-based object detection framework, the YOLO network, is adopted to predict possible distress location and category. Comprehensive detection accuracy reaches 73.64%. The processing speed reaches 0.0347s/pic, as 9 times faster than Faster R-CNN and only 70% of SSD. Finally, the applicability of model under various illumination conditions is also explored. The results reveal that the method significantly outperforms with appropriate illumination. We conclude that the proposed YOLO-based approach is able to detect PD with high accuracy, which requires no manual feature extraction and calculation during detecting.
Improving quality of decision making in project approvals at the Medical Research Council

The Medical Research Council has experienced a consistent decrease of capital funding over the recent decade. But capital is essential for the purchase of scientific equipment and the upkeep, updating and expansion of the research facilities. Hence the development of accurate project estimates and the selection of the proposals most beneficial to the scientific advancement is an increasingly critical aspect of delivering Value for Money to the taxpayer. Action Research, using interviews and questionnaires has been undertaken to understand the processes and dynamics within the MRC, motivation of bidders and reasoning of approvers. A database has been developed to test the effectiveness of Reference Class Forecasting, heavily promoted by the UK Government, around science facilities. It was found that a distinct lack of communication between the involved parties led to a failure of understanding of both the bidding process and evaluation criteria as well as project drivers, priorities and assumptions made in the development of the estimates. Furthermore, the charge of strategic misrepresentation should be reviewed considering the way in which government departments distribute funds and/or award specific projects. Arbitrary budget awards force project teams to engineer the requirements to fit in those envelopes. The environment of projects in the public sector was found to be very complex and have a significant influence on project strategies. More research needs to be done to understand these complexities better and consider appropriate actions to mitigate detrimental effects. A programme of continuous improvement within the MRC concluded the first two research cycles and has resulted in a specific strategy to target improvements of project performance. Data from the research is being used to bid for an increase of capital funding to ensure the MRC can deliver the cutting edge, world leading science, which the government expects.
Direct Chip-to-Waveguide Transition Realized With Wire Bonding for 140–220 GHz G-Band

This work presents a method to realize a direct chip-to-waveguide transition by means of commercial wire-bonding tools. A straight E-field probe is formed by a freely suspended bondwire and mounted to a standard RF pad on-chip. In contrast to conventional approaches, no additional dedicated substrate or large integrated radiating structure are necessary. A preliminary analysis is performed to illustrate the basic feasibility and a WR-05 prototype module, with dedicated test chip, is designed and optimized for a frequency range of 140–220 GHz (G-Band). The measured return loss of a back-to-back configuration is above 10 dB, while the deembedded absolute loss of a single transition is between 0.4 and 1 dB, both within the complete waveguide bandwidth of 80 GHz. The demonstrated performance is very well suited to ultrawideband communication systems or general-purpose mm-wave components.
An overset generalised minimal residual method for the multi-solver paradigm

ABSTRACT The multi-mesh, multi-solver paradigm makes use of multiple Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solvers in a single overset framework. A framework-level implementation of the Generalised Minimal Residual algorithm applied to the full implicit overset system is presented. The method requires only minimal changes to existing, Python-wrapped CFD solvers and demonstrates improved convergence compared to traditional methods. Preliminary validation for the method is performed using the Poisson equation on two overset grids. The multi-body, overset GMRES method is shown to be equivalent to a conventional implementation which allocates memory for data across all overset grids on a single processor. Results are shown for two time-accurate flow simulations. The first case analyses convergence of a 2D inviscid wedge and the second analyses convergence of a laminar 3D sphere. Both the wedge and sphere bodies shed unsteady structures into nested, background Cartesian grids. In both unsteady cases, the presented overset GMRES method demonstrates superior convergence over traditional methods.