Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Middle-Atmosphere Temperature Monitoring Addressed with a Constellation of CubeSats Dedicated to Climate Issues

While meteorological numerical models extend upward to the mesopause, mesospheric observations are required for leading simulations and numerical weather forecasts and climate projections. This work reviews some of the challenges about temperature observation requirements and the limiting factors of the actual measurements associated with atmospheric tides. A new strategy is described here using a limb-scattering technique that is based on previous experiments in space. Such observations can be used with cube satellites. Technical issues are the large dynamic range (4 orders of magnitude) required for the measurements, the accuracy of the limb pointing, and the level of stray light. The technique described here will expect accuracy of 1–2 K with a vertical resolution of 1–2 km. A constellation of 100 platforms could provide temperature observations with space (100 km) and time (3 h) resolutions recommended by the World Meteorological Organization, and tidal issues could be resolved with a minimum of 3–5 platforms with specific orbit maintained to avoid drifts.
MARKA OTANTİKLİĞİ VE MARKA SADAKATİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE MARKA AŞKININ DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ

Pazarda farklilasma, tuketiciler icin degerli ve tercih edilir olma ve rekabet avantaji kazanmak isteyen isletmeler guclu ve degerli markalar yaratmaya calismaktadir. Bu da ozgun, benzersiz ve guvenilir marka olmayi ifade eden marka otantikligi kavramini isletmeler icin onemli hale getirmistir. Bu arastirmanin amaci marka otantikligi, marka aski ve marka sadakati kavramlarinin etkilesimini degerlendirmektir. Kolayda ornekleme yontemiyle 387 katilimcidan elde edilen verilere korelasyon, regresyon ve duzenleyici etkiyi olcmek icin hiyerarsik regresyon analizi uygulanmistir. Calismada marka otantikligi sureklilik, orijinallik, guvenilirlik ve dogallik olmak uzere dort boyutuyla ele alinmistir. Marka otantikliginin marka sadakatine ve marka askina etkisi; marka askinin marka sadakatine etkisi ve marka askinin marka otantikliginin marka sadakatine olan iliskisindeki duzenleyici rolu incelenmistir. Analizler sonucu elde edilen bulgularda marka otantikliginin marka askina ve marka sadakatine olumlu yonde etkisi oldugu gorulmektedir. Marka askinin marka sadakatini olumlu yonde etkilemesine yonelik hipotez de kabul edilmis, sureklilik boyutu ile marka sadakati arasindaki iliskide marka askinin duzenleyici bir etkisi oldugu saptanmistir.
Comparison of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Outcome in Treating Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum Through En Bloc Versus Piecemeal Laminectomy

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Intraoperative changes of neurophysiologic monitoring measurements provide a valid method for quantitatively evaluating safety of different intraoperative manipulations and their prognostic impacts on spinal cord. Both en bloc and piecemeal laminectomies can effectively and safely treat thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum, and former may cause better spinal cord functional recovery. Study Design. A retrospective cohort analysis. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of piecemeal versus en bloc laminectomies on spinal cord in thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum (TOLF) through intraoperative changes of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs). Summary of Background Data. Surgical treatment is indicated for symptomatic TOLF, and both piecemeal and en bloc laminectomies are commonly used methods. However, few studies compared both intraoperative interference and prognostic impact of these two laminectomies on spinal cord in TOLF patients. Methods. MEPs were recorded from abductor hallucis (AH) and tibialis anterior, and SEPs were performed on tibial nerve in 55 TOLF patients (piecemeal vs. en bloc: 23 vs. 32). Patients were categorized based on MEP/SEP improvement, deterioration, and no change, and MEP/SEP improvement rates were measured in the improvement group. Additionally, all patients were assessed by American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores, Ashworth scores, and modified Japanese Orthopedic association (mJOA) scores before and after operation. Results. The incidences of both MEP/SEP improvement and deterioration were similar between the two laminectomy groups (P > 0.05), and no significant difference is noted in both MEP and SEP amplitudes between the baseline and different critical manipulations in both laminectomy groups (P > 0.05). In the improvement group, patients receiving en bloc laminectomy exhibited increased improvement rates of both MEPs in bilateral AH and left-side SEPs compared to piecemeal laminectomy (P < 0.05). Clinically, all functional scales clearly improved in both laminectomy groups after operation (P < 0.05), and postoperative 1-year mJOA improvement rates were highly correlated with MEP improvement rates (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Intraoperative changes of MEPs and SEPs potentially provide a valid method for quantitatively evaluating the safety of different intraoperative manipulations and their prognostic impacts on spinal cord. Both laminectomies are safe and effective methods to treat TOLF, and en bloc laminectomy may cause relatively better spinal cord functional recovery. Level of Evidence: 3
Assessing Tradeoffs between Development and Conservation: A Case of Land Use Change in a National Park of Korea

Protected areas are places that provide diverse ecosystem services, including cultural ecosystem services. At the same time, the development and unbalanced use of natural resources in protected areas often create environmental threats and social conflicts. This study estimates the economic value of environmental consequences derived from the construction of an airport in a national park in Korea. We employ a discrete choice experiment to assess economic values and consider a key part of the tradeoffs derived from the airport construction at Heuksan Island of Dadohae Marine National Park in Korea. The results show that social benefits related to improved accessibility and tourism opportunities would be generated but at substantial costs resulting from environmental degradation and the reduction in bird populations. A segmentation analysis also reveals that heterogeneous preferences exist based on variables reflecting individuals’ visit experiences and trust in the government. The findings indicate that considering environmental impacts is important when evaluating the feasibility of a development project in a protected area.
Describing variability in the tyrosinase (TYR) gene, the albino coat colour locus, in domestic and wild European rabbits

Abstract Disrupting mutations affecting the tyrosinase (TYR) gene cause different forms of albinism in mice, humans and several other mammals. Classical genetic studies have already reported five alleles at the European rabbit Albino locus, indicated to be part of the C series, each of them with different actions on pheomelanin and eumelanin production, as well as on the eye colour. A few of these alleles have been already characterised at the DNA level by sequencing the coding region of the TYR gene in few rabbit breeds or strains with specific alleles at this locus. In this study, we further characterised the TYR gene by sequencing all coding and flanking regions in a total of 25 rabbits from 11 domestic breeds (Belgian Hare, Burgundy Fawn, Californian, Champagne d’Argent, Giant Chinchilla, Giant Grey, Havana, Leprino di Viterbo, New Zealand White, Silver and White Vienna) and in 11 wild rabbits from Sardinia. Sequencing data identified a total of 15 polymorphisms. We confirmed five missense mutations already detected by other authors, three of which associated with different coat colour phenotypes: p.T373K determining the albino allele; p.E294G causing the Himalayan and the chinchilla alleles; p.T358I observed only in Chinchilla rabbits. In addition to seven other synonymous mutations and one polymorphism in the 3’-untranslated region, two novel missense mutations were identified (p.T144S and p.K224T, the latest was detected only in wild rabbits). This study further contributed to disclose variability in the rabbit TYR gene and confirmed the effects on coat colours of missense mutations. Highlights Mutations in the tyrosinase (TYR) gene cause several coat colour alleles at the Albino locus in mammals. The TYR gene was sequenced in 11 domestic rabbit breeds and in a wild rabbit population. Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified: seven were missense mutations. In silico analyses and information already available predicted the effects of some SNPs on coat colour. This study further contributed to disclose variability in the rabbit TYR gene.
Placental Malaria histological features and the burden of congenital malaria among HIV/ malaria co-infected mothers in Benin City, Edo State

Background: It is well documented that sub-Saharan Africa bears the highest burden of both malaria and HIV. Coinfection with both diseases is also well documented. Malaria parasites infecting the placenta lead to inflammation, intervillous fibrin deposition and infarction. This pathologic effect of malaria on the placental has led to the staging of placental malaria histology. These pathologic features may reflect different levels in the breach of the integrity of the placenta which may predispose to transmission of congenital malaria and possibly HIV. But few if any have examined the association of maternal placental malaria histology stages in HIV positive and negative mothers and the effects of these on their newborns (congenital malaria). Methods: Subjects were 162 newborns of HIV/malaria co-infected mothers and Controls were 162 newborns of HIV negative malaria infected mothers. Blood film for malaria parasites was done on cord blood and peripheral blood on days 1, 3 and 7 in the newborns. Maternal peripheral blood film for malaria parasite was done at delivery and placental tissue was obtained for confirmation of placental malaria by histology. Diagnosis of malaria in blood films was by light microscopy. Results: The placental malaria histology in HIV positive mothers were predominantly the chronic type (51.9%) and past type (54.6%) in HIV negative mothers respectively. Congenital malaria was significantly more in chronic types of placental malaria histology irrespective of maternal HIV status (p=0.017 in subjects and p= 0.000 in controls respectively) Conclusion: Babies born to mothers are at increased risk for congenital malaria if their placental malaria histology is of the chronic type compared to the other types (active and past) irrespective of maternal HIV status. This risk (chronic type) is highest in mothers with HIV; therefore, all babies born to HIV positive mothers should be screened for congenital malaria and managed as appropriate.
An Improved Iris Recognition Method Based on Wavelet Packet Transform

Wavelet packet decomposition transformation is an extension of wavelet transformation, which can achieve more refined decomposition and get more wavelet packet subgraphs. In order to improve the recognition accuracy of iris, an improved iris recognition algorithm based on wavelet packet transform is proposed. First locate and normalize the inner and outer edges of the iris, then obtain the wavelet packet subgraphs through wavelet packet decomposition, calculate the coefficients of each subgraphs to obtain the iris feature vectors, and then calculate the Hamming distances of the corresponding feature vectors of the two iris images, according to different subgraphs. The calculated coefficients are identified by the weighted Hamming distance classifier.
Dnmt1 Expression is Required for Lens Epithelial Cell Survival

DNMT1 EXPRESSION IS REQUIRED FOR LENS EPITHELIAL CELL SURVIVAL by Evan Richard Kopp Horowitz Epigenetic mechanisms involving DNA methylation play an integral role in regulating gene expression during the process of cellular differentiation. The catalytic function of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is to maintain methylation marks through subsequent rounds of DNA replication by methylating corresponding cytosines on the newly synthesized strand. To determine the role of Dnmt1 in lens development, Dnmt1 was deleted from the lens lineage by crossing mice carrying a Cre-dependent deletion allele of Dnmt1 (Dnmt1) to either Le-Cre or MLR10 transgenic mice. Dnmt1 deletion in Le-Cre;Dnmt1 lenses led to the loss of lens epithelial cells due to increased apoptosis. MLR10;Dnmt1 lenses contained lens epithelial cells that escaped deletion, which partially rescued the lens phenotype. In summary, removal of Dnmt1 from the lens (mediated by Le-Cre) results in loss of the proliferating population of lens cells followed by lens degeneration thereby suggesting that DNMT1 is required for lens epithelial cell survival. DNMT1 EXPRESSION IS REQUIRED FOR LENS EPITHELIAL CELL SURVIVAL
Critical Success Factors in Public-Private Partnership

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is an alternative solution for the government to provide public goods and services that the government cannot fulfil due to budget constraints. However, not all PPP implementations are successful. In this article, the determinants of the success of PPP implementation are examined. The analysis was carried out based on articles discussing the keys success factors of implementing PPP. These articles are taken from articles published in reputable journals. The analysis results show that organizational factors, interactional factors, structural factors, and external factors are the critical factors for PPP implementation's success.
The Smart Parking System Using Ultrasonic Control Sensors

Over the past decade, the concept of smart cities has become very popular thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT) development and expansion for increasing the reliability of building the infrastructure of cities. The continuous increase of vehicles in the streets with the lack of car parking is becoming a problem in most urban cities. Therefore, the demand for smart car parking systems is increased for helping drivers to find a suitable car space quickly. This paper presents a smart parking system using infrared and ultrasonic sensors, which is controlled by Arduino Mega 2560. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader provides authorization to enter the smart parking system. On the other hand, a mobile application is added to allows users to know about the empty spaces based via WiFi application. This smart parking system is implementing in a small-scale model, and the results show that simulates the car parking with the mobile application, all the sensors, and the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen display, to describe a view of the system architecture.
A Cascaded DC-AC-AC Grid-Tied Converter for PV Plants with AC-Link

Cascaded multilevel converters based on medium-frequency (MF) AC-links have been proposed as alternatives to the traditional low-voltage inverter, which uses a bulky low-frequency transformer step-up voltage to medium voltage (MV) levels. In this paper, a three-phase cascaded DC-AC-AC converter with AC-link for medium-voltage applications is proposed. Three stages integrate each DC-AC-AC converter (cell): a MF square voltage generator; a MF transformer with four windings; and an AC-AC converter. Then, k DC-AC-AC converters are cascaded to generate the multilevel topology. This converter’s topological structure avoids the per-phase imbalance; this simplifies the control and reduces the problem only to solve the per-cell unbalance. Two sets of simulations were performed to verify the converter’s operation (off-grid and grid-connected modes). Finally, the papers present two reduced preliminary laboratory prototypes, one validating the cascaded configuration and the other validating the three-phase configuration.
The influence of poultry rations on its productivity and resulting products quality

The purpose of the study is related to the Food Security Doctrine priorities and is aimed at finding ways to implement import substitution with obtaining competitive poultry products–meat and eggs. Feed ration of the experimental poultry was as follows. The control group received basic diet (BD), 1st experimental group received BD with probiotic additive «Bacell-M» (Bacell-M). The 2nd experimental group received BD with vitamin-mineral feed concentrate «Tetra +» (VMFC), while 3rd experimental group received BD with feed concentrate complex (FCC). It was found that feed consumption of experimental groups broiler chickens is lower than in the control group (140.1 kg / 42 days) and is in the range 132.6–134.9 kg / 42 days, while the average broiler chicken live weight 2.32-2.35 kg/unit, and in the control group–2.05 kg/unit. The maximum effect of live weight increase advancing when taking into account the reduction in feed consumption is achieved in broiler chickens of the 3rd experimental group. It is established that the feed additives use in the ration contributes to earlier output of replace herd laying-hens to the egg production. The increase in egg production in relation to the control group amounted to: 147 eggs for the 1st experimental group, 189 eggs for the 2nd experimental and 217 eggs for the 3rd experimental group. The nutritional valueand biological active substances (BAS) concentration of broiler chicken meat and eggs from experimental group hens exceeds the nutritional value of control groups meat and eggs.
Phenotypic Selection and Bulked Sergeant Analysis for 1000-Kernel Weight under Heat Stress in Durum Wheat

Divergent phenotypic selection for 1000-kernel weight (TKW) was performed under heat stress in a population of 120 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of durum wheat. The direct response to selection for TKW and correlated response in grain yield per plant (GYP) were assessed under favorable and heat stress conditions. Considerable genetic variations were found among the tested RILs for TKW and GYP. Under heat stress, mean TKW of F7 RILs selected in the high and low directions were 62.28 and 34.42g, respectively. Positive and highly significant responses to selection were obtained for TKW in the high (14.92 and 16.29%) and low (20.78 and 26.88%) directions under favorable and heat stress conditions, respectively. Selection for higher TKW produced positive and highly significant correlated response in GYP under heat stress (11.05%), whereas selection for lower TKW produced positive and highly significant correlated responses in GYP under favorable (11.13%) and heat stress (19.33%) conditions. High realized heritability estimates were obtained for TKW (0.74 and 0.75) and GYP (0.65 and 0.71) under favorable and heat stress conditions, respectively. F8 RILs derived from selection for higher TKW showed higher heat tolerance index (averaged 1.20) than RILs selected for lower TKW (0.52), indicating the usefulness of selection for higher TKW in improving heat tolerance. Bulked segregant analysis with 40 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers identified seven positives alleles located on 2A (1), 3B (2), 4A (1), 5A (1), 6A (1) and 7B (1) chromosomes that were associated with higher TKW as an indicator for heat tolerance.
Evaluating the Impact of Mega-Sports Events on Urbanization Focusing on Land-Use Changes Using a Scenario-Based Model

Mega-sports events have a profound impact on promoting the urbanization process, optimizing the urban spatial structure, and improving the competitiveness of the host city. Taking the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 (AGH) as an example, we used remote sensing data and a scenario-based model to simulate land-use changes and developments from 2005 to 2025. By setting two scenarios, natural development and AGH-driven development, we explored the impact of AGH on urban development and its driving factors. The results show that (1) cultivated land areas decreased by 369.96 km2, while construction land areas increased by 488.33 km2 among the main land-use types in Hangzhou from 2005 to 2020. Urban areas quickly expanded with the West Lake as the center. (2) Urban sprawl intensity under the AGH-driven scenario is expected to increase by 0.91% compared to in the natural-development scenario, indicating that hosting AGH would accelerate the expansion of urban land, particularly in districts set with sports venues such as Binjiang, Xiaoshan, and Yuhang. The strategic trend of supporting the Qiantang River is obvious. (3) Under the influence of AGH, the centroid of urban construction land shifted towards the southeast, and the spatial direction was remarkable. The construction of venues and supporting facilities, and construction land for public rail transit, are the main direct driving forces of urban expansion. The AGH enhances the pace of urbanization, significantly altering the urban spatial structure and helping the city achieve a major transition from the West Lake Era to the Qiantang River Era. Furthermore, our research can provide insights into other cities that will host mega-sports events.
Mode Coupling in Dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy

Increasing the signal-to-noise ratio in dynamic atomic force microscopy plays a key role in nanomechanical mapping of materials with atomic resolution. In this work, we develop an experimental procedure for increasing the sensitivity of higher harmonics of an atomic-force-microscope cantilever without modifying the cantilever geometry but instead by utilizing dynamical mode coupling between its flexural modes of vibration. We perform experiments on different cantilevers and samples and observe that via nonlinear resonance frequency tuning we can obtain a frequency range where strong modal interactions lead to 7-fold and 16-fold increases in the sensitivity of the 6th and 17th harmonics while reducing sample indentation. We derive a numerical model that captures the observed physics and confirms that nonlinear mode coupling is the reason for the increase of the amplitude of higher harmonics during tip-sample interactions.
Research on micro milling mechanism and surface roughness of high volume fraction SiCp/Al composites

In this paper, the finite element simulation model of diamond tool milling SiCp/Al composites was established.The milling force, stress distribution and removal mechanism of SiC reinforced granular material were studied. The correctness of finite element simulation is verified by micro milling experiments. The results show that the maximum stress mainly occurs when the SiC particles are milled with PCD tool. The removal mechanism of particles is different when the tool is milling particles at different positions. The material surface defects are reduced and the surface quality is improved as the cutting speed is increased. The surface defects of SiCp/Al milling with single edge diamond milling tool mainly include cavities, microcracks, scratches and pits. According to the measurement results, it can be founded that the milling depth has the greatest influence on the surface roughness, followed by the spindle speed and the feed speed.