Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Objective Design Optimization of a Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Motor Based on Design Sensitivity Analysis

The hybrid excitation flux switching permanent magnet (HEFSPM) motor with magnetic bridge is a topology of hybrid excitation flux-switching PM machines. Despite its excellent performance such as high torque/power density, high flux enhancing/weakening capability and so on, it has received less attention due to its complicated structure. Therefore, its optimal design and performance all need to be further investigated. This paper presents a multi objective optimization design of a HEFSPM motor with magnetic bridge based on design sensitivity analysis. At first, the machine structure and basic working principle are discussed briefly. Then, a design sensitivity analysis for geometric optimization is carried out to improve the motor performance. This optimized motor is compared with initial design. Finally, a prototype of the optimized proposed motor is built and tested to validate the simulation results.
Learning a Symbolic Planning Domain through the Interaction with Continuous Environments

One of the main challenges in AI is performing dynamic tasks by using approaches that efﬁciently predict the environ-ment’s future outcomes. State-of-the-art planners can reason effectively with symbolic representations of the environment. However, when the environment is continuous and unstructured, manually extracting an ad-hoc symbolic model to perform planning may be infeasible. Deep Reinforcement Learning is known to automatically learn compact representations of the state space through interaction with the environment. However, it is not suitable for planning, giving up the ef-ﬁciency we would gain by predicting the consequences of actions. This work focuses on continuous state-space MDPs and proposes an approach that naturally combines interaction, symbolic representation learning, and symbolic online planning. Our system leverages experience-data gained from the environment to autonomously learn a symbolic planning model composed of: (1) a symbol grounding model to switch from continuous to symbolic space and vice versa; (2) a symbolic transition model; (3) a value function for symbolic states. This model is used at training time to lead the interaction with the world. At each interaction step, we perform fast symbolic online planning over a ﬁnite horizon to choose the action to execute in the environment. The success of this strategy in the environment implicitly validates our automatically extracted symbolic model, since the system is able to effectively plan actions in the original MDP by reasoning only in the ﬁnite and symbolic domain. The approach has been evaluated on several continual OpenAI gym environments, addressing successfully both control problems and games.
Prevalence of among

During the last two decades anthropometric measurements have become the measures of choice for determination of nutritional status among children and adolescents. It has now been well established that the body mass index (BMI) is the most appropriate, inexpensive, non-invasive tool to use to determine the nutritional status [1]. Several recent studies have investigated nutritional status of adolescents from different parts of India [2–4]. However, there is very little information on the nutritional status of adolescent school children from rural West Bengal [5, 6]. In view of this, present study was undertaken to investigate the level of undernutrition (thinness) among 10–15 year old rural school children in Paschim Medinipur and Puruliya district of West Bengal. This cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts over a period of 2 years. The schools were selected following multistage cluster sampling method. Thereafter, in the identified schools, children were informed about the objectives before initiation of the study. Information on date of birth was recorded from the school register. Height and weight measurements were made following the standard techniques [7] and BMI computed as weight in kg divided by height in meter square. Nutritional status was evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) [1] recommended age and sex specific cut-off points of BMI based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) percentile values [8]. Undernutrition was defined as BMI <5th percentile as recommended by WHO [1]. A total of 2016 students, out of whom 1036 (51.39%) boys and 980 (48.61%) girls aged 10–15 years were randomly selected and measured. Table 1 presents the age–sex distribution of sample, mean (SD) of BMI and prevalence of undernutrition. It was observed that there was a consistent increasing trend in mean BMI with age among both sexes. At all ages, girls had higher mean BMI. There was a consistent decreasing trend in the rate of undernutrition from 10 (53.54%) to 15 years (41.54%) among boys and from 10 (45.76%) to 15 years (20.17%) among girls. The prevalence of undernutrition was significantly higher in boys (51.74%) as compared with girls (36.94%). The overall (sex and age combined) prevalence of undernutrition was 44.54%. This study adds support to the large body of evidence which indicates that high prevalence of adolescent undernutrition is a major public-health problem in developing countries, especially in rural areas.
AC electrothermal mixing for high conductive biofluids by arc-electrodes

As a platform to mix the bioagents (i.e. serum, urine), we take advantage of the alternating current electrothermal (ACET) effect which is quite suitable for rapid pumping/mixing of high conductive biomicrofluids. Here we demonstrate the concept of a high-efficient mixing microfluidic chip as a basic unit to provide rapid mixing for lab-on-a-chip applications. As an active mixer, two streams are introduced into a ring-shape microchamber by a passive flow rate regulator, and then the microfluids in the chamber are actuated by a nonuniform electric field with a phase shift of 180°. It shows perfect mixing performance by arranging four arc-electrodes around the ring-shape microchamber subsequently. Taking the Joule heating and conductivity/permittivity changes into consideration, a temperature dependent fully coupled numerical model is presented. Then, the effects of applied voltages on mixing performance and temperature rise are provided to get an optimized design for ACET mixer. Moreover, the arrangement of the electrode array is analyzed to show the effects of electrode patterns on the swirls and mixing efficiencies. Since all the electrodes here are located along a ring-shape central microchamber, the ring-shape micromixer is quite suitable to function as a compact element modular for integrated microfluidic chips.
Chronic Lyme Arthritis Infection, Resulting in the Development of Borrelia burgdorferi Inflammation upon CD28 Deficiency Exacerbates Joint

Lyme disease, caused by the tick-borne spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb ), is a multisystem illness, affecting many organs, such as the heart, the nervous system, and the joints. Months after Bb infection, (cid:1) 60% of patients experience intermittent arthritic attacks, a condition that in some individuals progresses to chronic joint inﬂammation. Although mice develop acute arthritis in response to Bb infection, the joint inﬂammation clears after 2 wk, despite continuous infection, only very rarely presenting with chronic Lyme arthritis. Thus, the lack of an animal system has so far prevented the elucidation of this persistent inﬂammatory process that occurs in humans. In this study, we report that the majority of Bb -infected CD28 (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice develop chronic Lyme arthritis. Consistent with observations in chronic Lyme arthritis patients, the infected mutant, but not wild-type mice present recurring monoarticular arthritis over an extended time period, as well as anti-outer surface protein A of Bb serum titers. Furthermore, we demonstrate that anti-outer surface protein A Abs develop in these mice only after establishment of chronic Lyme arthritis. Thus, the Bb -infected CD28 (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice provide a murine model for studying chronic Lyme arthritis. The Journal of Immunology, 2007, 179: 8076–8082. for the anti- Bb ELISA or 1/100 for the OspA ELISA. Serially 2-fold di- lutions of a known concentration of an OspA-speciﬁc mAb (LA-2) were also plated on each plate as a standard curve for the OspA ELISA. were in duplicates to the ELISA plates and incubated for 45 min at 37°C. were washed and incubated with alkaline phosphatase (AP)- conjugated anti-mouse (cid:3) or anti-mouse IgM-AP, IgG3-AP, IgG1-AP, IgG2b-AP, IgG2c-AP (Southern Biotech) fo r 1 h at37°C. We assess the levels of IgG2c, because B6 lack the gene for IgG2a and express instead the IgG2c isotype. Plates were then developed with the AP sub- strate, para -nitrophenyl phosphate (Pierce), in 0.2% diethanolamine sub-strate buffer (Pierce) at nm in a SpectraMax spectro- photometer (Molecular
A Descriptive Probe into Current Introduction to Adapted Physical Education Courses in the United States of America

The number of public-school students with disabilities has increased in the last decade, as has support for teaching students with and without disabilities in the same setting. Consequently, sufficient adapted physical education (APE) training for pre-service physical education teachers is critical to ensure meaningful physical education experiences for all students. Few studies on how physical education teacher education (PETE) programs are preparing future physical educators to teach students with disabilities exist. The purposes of this study were to preliminarily describe current undergraduate APE introductory courses, including: (a) instructor demographics, (b) course characteristics, (c) course content and (d) practicum experiences. Twenty-six faculty members currently teaching an introduction to APE course completed a 35-item web-based survey (26% response rate). Demographic characteristics of instructors were mainly homogenous, suggesting a lack of diversity among those teaching these courses. Twenty-four reported their program offered a practicum. Varying coverage of APE concepts explicates important content gaps in curricula that may hinder the quality of physical education services for students with disabilities. These findings deepen the understanding of who is instructing the courses, how the APE introductory courses are being taught across the US, and can serve as a reference for creating and improving PETE programs.
Estimating the Fundamental Matrix for Triangulation

Suppose we are given the two images above. Our objective is to estimate the fundamental matrix F that maps points in image1 to lines in image2. To summarize, the action of the fundamental matrix is as follows. For a given point x in image1 and letting C be the camera center of image1, F projects the ray Cx to a line in image2. Our general approach for computing F is: • Detect trackable features in both images. • Match corresponding features between the two images. • Perform outlier rejection to throw out false correspondences. • Estimate F via linear optimization. • Refine said estimate for F via nonlinear optimization.
East African Scholars Multidisciplinary Bulletin

Quick Response Code Abstract: The study aimed to determine if the sensory branding strategy leads to sensory overload in the customers using a self-designed questionnaire. 100 people who were regular visitors to the shopping mall were selected to be a part of this research. A self-designed questionnaire was administered by each one of them. The questionnaire comprised of questions relating to the effects of sensory branding on their shopping experience. Results revealed that when a third sensory element was added to advertising, it lead to an increase in perceived arousal and decrease in pleasantness/ attractiveness to the product. As the ROLs suggest, sensory branding establishes both a physical and a psychological connection between the customers and the product. But the store atmospherics can negatively or positively alter the perception and attention of mall customers. Though sensory branding is being used tremendously as a marketing strategy, but large amounts of it can lead to sensory overload & thus the customer’s aversiveness to the product. The study concluded that limited use of sensory cues can be effective in attracting the customers to the product whereas adding more elements of sensory cues to the audio visual advertising can lead to sensory overload. Malls make people feel overwhelmed which is associated with the phenomena of sensory overload.
Automatic Identification of Informative Code in Stack Overflow Posts

Despite Stack Overflow’s popularity as a resource for solving coding problems, identifying relevant information from an individual post remains a challenge. The overload of information in a post can make it difficult for developers to identify specific and targeted code fixes. In this paper, we aim to help users identify informative code segments, once they have narrowed down their search to a post relevant to their task. Specifically, we explore natural language-based approaches to extract problematic and suggested code pairs from a post. The goal of the study is to investigate the potential of designing a browser extension to draw the readers’ attention to relevant code segments, and thus improve the experience of software engineers seeking help on Stack Overflow.
RecLVQ: Recurrent Learning Vector Quantization

Learning Vector Quantizers (LVQ) and its cost-function-based variant called Generalized Learning Vector Quanitzation (GLVQ) are powerful, yet simple and interpretable classiﬁcation models. Even though GLVQ is an eﬀective tool for classifying vectorial data, it cannot handle raw sequence data of potentially diﬀerent lengths. Usually, this problem is solved by manually engineering ﬁxed-length features or by employing recurrent networks. Therefore, a natural idea is to incorporate recurrent units for data processing into the GLVQ network structure. The processed data can then be compared in a latent space for classiﬁcation decisions. We demonstrate the ability of this approach on illustrative clas-siﬁcation problems.
Effect measurement and limits of concern in non-target risk assessment of GM crops

A central requirement in assessing the risks of genetically modified (GM) plants towards non-target organisms (NTO) is the definition of threshold values for GM/non-GM differences, the so-called “limits of concern”. Due to a lack of ecological information, these limits of concern are often chosen arbitrarily and set to the same value for all tested species. Here, we show some of the consequences of this current practice for experimental field design as guided by power analysis. Arbitrary limits of concern result in large differences in statistical power between species, although the biological relevance of the assumed thresholds is unclear. Observed variation in field trials may indicate biological baseline variation that could guide the definition of thresholds. Here, we discuss standardized effect sizes as a way of incorporating information about variability in the measurement of effects. Furthermore, we suggest the use of multivariate analyses in non-target risk assessment, because the current approach of measuring effects separately per non-target group lacks a systems biology perspective.
Instrumental Variables: A Tool to Reduce Bias in Non-Randomized Studies

In standard ordinary least square, unbiased estimates of the average treatment effect can be calculated when the exposure variable is not correlated with the error term. However, in non-experimental studies, the exposure variable is oftentimes correlated with the error term and yields a spurious conclusion driven not by the exposure variable but by the association between the exposure variable and error term. An instrumental variable is used to reduce this bias, but two conditions must be met: (1) strong correlation with the exposure variable and (2) no correlation with the error term.
Comparative Study of Pair wise learning in Imbalanced Data Problem Using Different Classification Techniques

: Classification and prediction of rare cases in the patients is a very important task. In such cases the data sets are mostly imbalanced because the number of majority class (negative) outnumbers the minority class (positive) by a large proportion. There is an uneven distribution between the two classes. A lot of research has been conducted on binary class imbalanced data where one class (major) outnumbers the other class (minor) by a huge marginal difference. This research work focuses towards the classification of a data where there are multiple minor classes. Two approaches have been compared using ensemble methods like boosting and bagging and check the overall accuracy of minority classes.
Risk assessment for construction projects of transport infrastructure objects

The paper analyzes and compares different methods of risk assessment for construction projects of transport objects. The management of such type of projects demands application of special probabilistic methods due to large level of uncertainty of their implementation. Risk management in the projects requires the use of probabilistic and statistical methods. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for using traditional methods in combination with robust methods that allow obtaining reliable risk assessments in projects. The robust approach is based on the principle of maximum likelihood and in assessing the risk allows the researcher to obtain reliable results in situations of great uncertainty. The application of robust procedures allows to carry out a quantitative assessment of the main risk indicators of projects when solving the tasks of managing innovation-investment projects. Calculation of damage from the onset of a risky event is possible by any competent specialist. And an assessment of the probability of occurrence of a risky event requires the involvement of special probabilistic methods based on the proposed robust approaches. Practice shows the effectiveness and reliability of results. The methodology developed in the article can be used to create information technologies and their application in automated control systems for complex projects.
4.0. Correlation between dynamic balance ability and lower limb muscle strength of university

https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022. 14.3. 0546 Abstract Objective: To study the correlation between dynamic balance ability and lower limb muscle strength of university students. Methods: 50 students of Zunyi Medical University (23 boys and 27 girls) were selected as the subjects. The dynamic balance ability of university students was tested by the YBT test system. Isokinetic muscle strength tester tests knee flexion and extension muscle strength under different angular velocity conditions. Results: 1) At different angular velocities, there was a moderate positive correlation between knee flexion and extension muscle strength and YBT reaching all directions. Only when the angular velocity was set to 200° / s, there was a low positive correlation between knee flexion muscle strength and the front side of the YBT test. 2) There is a more significant correlation between the maximum distance of each direction of dynamic balance and the peak torque of knee extensor than that of flexor. Research conclusions: For university students, there is a significant indigenous correlation between the directions of YBT arrival, and the correlation between the posterolateral and the posterolateral is stronger. The stronger the lower limb muscle strength is, the better the dynamic balance ability is, and the correlation between dynamic ability and knee extensor muscle strength is higher, which may be related to the fact that knee flexion control balance can more effectively activate knee extensor muscle group. University students generally have bilateral asymmetry of the lower
InjuryEpithelium Protects against Hyperoxic Lung Overexpression of Stat3C in Pulmonary

Acute lung injury is a side effect of therapy with a high concentration of inspired oxygen in patients. The molecular mechanism underlining this effect is poorly understood. In this study, we report that overexpression of Stat3C, a constitutive active form of STAT3, in respiratory epithelial cells of a doxycycline-controlled double-transgenic mouse system protects lung from inﬂammation and injury caused by hyperoxia. In this mouse line, > 50% of transgenic mice survived exposure to 95% oxygen at day 7, compared with 0% survival of wild-type mice. Overexpression of STAT3C delays acute capillary leakage and neutrophil inﬁltration into the alveolar region. This protection is mediated at least partially through inhibition of hyperoxia-induced synthesis and release of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-12 by neutrophils and alveolar resident cells. In some MMP-9 (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice, prolonged survival was observed under hyperoxic condition. The ﬁnding supports a concept that activation of the Stat3 pathway plays a role to prevent hyperoxia-induced inﬂammation and injury in the lung. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174: 7250–7256. (cid:2) ) and a downstream primer (5 (cid:2) -CAC CCTGAAAACTTTGCCCC-3 (cid:2) ) were used for RT-PCR. To detect SP-B mRNA expression, an upstream primer (5 (cid:2) -TGCTGTGGAGCCTCT GATAGAAG-3 (cid:2) ) and a downstream primer (5 (cid:2) -CATAGCCTGTTCACT GGTGTTCC-3 (cid:2) ) were used. RT-PCR was performed using the SuperScript One-Step RT-PCR kit (Invitrogen Life Technologies). Expression of GAPDH mRNA was also examined using an upstream primer (5 (cid:2) -CA (cid:2) and a downstream primer (5 (cid:2) -GTC CACCACCCTGTTGCTGTAGCC-3 as an For MMP-9 mRNA RT-PCR assays, an upstream (cid:2) -GATTTCTTGCTAAC CCCAGGAAG-3 (cid:2) and a downstream (cid:2) -CAGTGGAGT GAGAGAGTCCCAAAG-3 were used. For MMP-12 mRNA an and downstream used. TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3, TIMP4 detection purchased from Bioscience.
against Lethal Ebola Virus Infection Responses Are Required for Protection T Cell + Induction of Humoral and CD8

Ebola virus (EBOV)-like particles (eVLP), composed of the EBOV glycoprotein and matrix viral protein (VP)40 with a lipid membrane, are a highly efﬁcacious method of immunization against EBOV infection. The exact requirements for immunity against EBOV infection are poorly deﬁned at this time. The goal of this work was to determine the requirements for EBOV immunity following eVLP vaccination. Vaccination of BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice with eVLPs in conjunction with QS-21 adjuvant resulted in mixed IgG subclass responses, a Th1-like memory cytokine response, and protection from lethal EBOV challenge. Further, this vaccination schedule led to the generation of both CD4 (cid:1) and CD8 (cid:1) IFN- (cid:2) (cid:1) T cells recognizing speciﬁc peptides within glycoprotein and VP40. The transfer of both serum and splenocytes, but not serum or splenocytes alone, from eVLP-vaccinated mice conferred protection against lethal EBOV infection in these studies. B cells were required for eVLP-mediated immunity to EBOV because B cell-deﬁcient mice vaccinated with eVLPs were not protected from lethal EBOV challenge. We also found that CD8 (cid:1) , but not CD4 (cid:1) , T cells are absolutely required for eVLP-mediated protection against EBOV infection. Further, eVLP-induced protective mechanisms were perforin-independent, but IFN- (cid:2) -dependent. Taken together, both EBOV-speciﬁc humoral and cytotoxic CD8 (cid:1) T cell responses are critical to mediate protection against ﬁloviruses following eVLP vaccination. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 175: