Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of hypotheses about dispersal in a long-lived seabird using multistate capture–recapture models

Summary 1. Dispersal contributes to spatio-temporal variation in population size and is a key process in studies of life history evolution and studies with conservation implications. However, dispersal is still one of the major gaps in our knowledge of ecological dynamics. The very large literature on metapopulation dynamics lacks empirical bases on dispersal and relevant behavioural parameters. We used multistate capture‐ recapture models (data from 1988 to 2001) to address hypotheses about movement probability and habitat selection within a system of two breeding colonies in Audouin’s gulls ( Larus audouinii ), an endemic species breeding in the Mediterranean and considered as threatened. 2. Movement probability varied over time, and differed greatly between the colonies. 3. We did not find evidence of an influence of colony size or density of predators on movement probability. 4. In dispersers, our results did not support the hypotheses that movement probability between year t and t + 1 was influenced by mean breeding success in the colony of origin (i.e. an indicator of habitat quality) or the destination colony in year t or t + 1, or by the ratio of breeding success in these colonies in year t or t + 1 (i.e. quality gradient). 5. Overall, movement probability was higher from the smaller colony to the larger, and from the colony with lower breeding success in year t to the more productive one. This provides slight support for two nonexclusive hypotheses about habitat selection (conspecific attraction and conspecific success attraction). 6. Movement probability from the smaller, less productive colony was very high in some years, suggesting that the dynamics of both colonies were strongly influenced by adult dispersal. However, in absolute numbers, more individuals moved from the larger, more productive colony to the smaller one. This suggests that the system may function as a source‐sink system. 7. Use of multistate models to re-assess local survival showed that survival was lower in the less productive colony with higher emigration probability. This may reflect genuine differences in mortality between colonies, or more probably differences in permanent emigration from the study area.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Retina in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Mice using iTRAQ with 2D NanoLC-nanoESI-MS/MS

Analysis of retina proteome during the hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization (RN) process may be help ful to elucidate pathogenesis of the related diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) . RN model was induced in C57BL/6 mice by exposing 7-day-old mice to 75% oxygen for 5 days followed by 5 days in room air. Retina tissues at postnatal day 17 from both control and oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice were used for proteomic analysis. We have employed a quantitative proteomic approach, iTRAQ coupled with 2D nanoLC-nanoESI-MS/MS to quantitatively compare the relative changes in the retinal proteome from control and OIR mice . In total, 264 proteins from mouse retina were identified at a 95% confidence level . Among them , OIR induced significant changes in 28 proteins (1 4 up-regulated and 1 4 down-regulated). Obvious changes include the up-regulation of a few plasma proteins (indicating the breakdown of the blood-retina barrier) vimentin , ribosomal proteins, some proteases , neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) 180, retinoschisin and down-regulation of several crystallin s such as isoform 1 of α crystallin A chain, isoform 2 of α crystallin A chain, a crystallin B chain , g crystallin D and b -A3/A1 crystallin . The iTRAQ result of a crystallin B chain was also confirmed by Western blot analysis. The proteomic results showed in this study should provide new avenues for understanding the pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization and its related retina diseases .
A SURVEY FOR BENZOIC AND CINNAMIC ACIDS OF THE CYCADACEAE

A B S T R A C T A survey for cinnamic and benzoic acids in 22 species representing the 10 extant genera of the Cycadaceae revealed the presence of p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, and vanillic acids in all of the species. Two genera had detectable quantities of 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid. In addition sinapic acid was detected in two genera, indicating that it has a wider distribution in vascular plants than was previously indicated. THE LIVING CYCADS represent a small group of gymnosperms containing approximately 100 species presently classified into ten genera and grouped in a single family, the Cycadaceae. Four of these genera are sparsely distributed in the Western Hemisphere while six are found in the Eastern Hemisphere. Some of the genera, such as Microcycas, Dioon, Stangeria, Bowenia, and Lepidozamia, are small, containing fewer than five species; however, there are several relatively large genera, such as Zamnia, Encephalartos, Cycas, Macrozamia, and Ceratozamia, with numerous specieg (Chamberlain, 1935; Bold, 1967). Many of these species are probably just field variations of one species, and the implication has been made that many of the Ceratozamia species could prob
Identification of a putative expansin gene expressed in the subventral glands of the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae

Parasitism genes encoding secretory proteins expressed in the pharyngeal glands of plant-parasitic nematodes play important roles in the parasitic process. A new expansin gene (Ha-expb1) expressed in the subventral glands of the sedentary cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae, was cloned. Southern blot analysis suggested that Ha-expb1 is a member of a multigene family. The deduced protein Ha-EXPB1 consists of a signal peptide, a CBM II and an expansin domain, and was significantly similar to expansins and expansin-like proteins from the potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, and the pine wood nematodes, Bursaphelenchus spp. In situ hybridisation showed that Ha-expb1 transcript specifically accumulated in the two subventral gland cells of the second-stage juveniles. Developmental expression confirmed that its transcript abundances were high in the motile juvenile stages and low in the sedentary stage of the nematode, implying a role in the early parasitic-stage process, most likely in aiding migration within the plant.
Vertical distribution of subtropical epiplanktonic copepods

The goal of our project is to increase our knowledge about the co-existence of the numerous small copepod species in the subtropical and tropical open oceans by combining experimental and field studies. In this paper we present the vertical distribution of the copepod assemblages collected in the upper 100 m of the water column during a diel cycle at an oceanic site off Bermuda in summer 2000. Our quantitative analysis ranged from the gross features of the community to order, genus, species and sex, ending with the population structure for one representative calanoid (Mecynocera clausii). Total abundance of copepods sampled with both 63 and 200 μm meshes increased from near the surface to 100 m depth. Of the four orders, the Calanoida and Cyclopoida increased slightly with depth, whereas the Poecilostomatoida hardly occurred in the upper 30 m and then increased by more than one order of magnitude towards 100 m depth. Harpacticoida showed even abundance through the vertical column during the night. Some abundant genera/species displayed hardly any or small differences in abundance over the upper 100 m (e.g. Calocalanus, Oithona); that distribution also showed that genera with entirely different motion and feeding behaviour can occupy the same vertical environment. A second group appeared to avoid the upper mixed layer and upper thermocline almost completely (e.g. Oncaea, Mecynocera clausii, Clausocalanus pergens, Eucalanus hyalinus, Haloptilus longicornis). A third limited group seemed to prefer the upper mixed layer (e.g. Cliusocalanus furcatus). Some genera were characterized by a paucity of males whereas others had as many males as females. Our results showed that quantifying the distribution and abundance of genera, species and their copepodid stages seems to be the preferable approach, leading towards an understanding of the functioning of the epipelagial copepod community. We hypothesize that a combination of variables, including feeding behaviour, temperature preference and also predation, could determine the ranges of vertical distribution, which would be flexible because of the effect of each of the variables. It is reasoned that predation was of minor impact in these oligotrophic waters because of the very low abundance of carnivorous species.
Rechargeable lithium batteries : from fundamentals to applications

Preface 1 Rechargeable lithium batteries: key scientific and technological challenges Mustarelli Part I Materials and characterisation 2 Materials for positive electrodes in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries Mukherjee 3 Catalytic cathode nano-materials for rechargeable lithium-air batteries: status and challenges Cheng 4 Electrolytes for rechargeable lithium air batteries Apptetecchi 5 Materials and technologies for rechargeable lithium sulphur batteries Zhang 6 Electrochemistry of rechargeable lithium air batteries Hou 7 Electrochemical characterisation of rechargeable lithium batteries Villevielle 8 Atomistic and molecular modelling of the behaviour of materials in rechargeable lithium ion and lithium air batteries Kaghazchi Part II Performance and applications 9 Aging and degradation of lithium-ion batteries Omar 10 System level management of rechargeable lithium ion batteries Stefanopoulou 11 Environmental performance of rechargeable lithium batteries: life cycle analysis Oliviera 12 Rechargeable lithium batteries for energy storage in smart grids Zaghib 13 Rechargeable lithium batteries for medical applications Cleland 14 Rechargeable lithium batteries for aerospace applications Walker
Cholinergic and adrenergic regulation of heart rate and ventral aortic pressure in two species of tropical tunas, Katsuwonus pelamis and Thunnus albacares

Tonic cholinergic and adrenergic control of heart rate and ventral aorta pressure was examined in two species of tropical tunas, the skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). Unlike that of many other teleosts, the basal heart rate in spinally blocked tunas (at 25 °C) was dominated by a cholinergic rather than an adrenergic tonus. Infusion of atropine increased the heart rate by 143 and 58% in skipjack and yellowfin tunas, respectively. Ventral aortic pulse pressure was significantly decreased and mean ventral aortic pressure was slightly increased. Blockade of β-adrenergic receptors with propranolol produced small (<6%) decreases in both heart rate and mean ventral aortic pressure, indicating a low level of tonic β-adrenergic stimulation. The small magnitude of the drop, however, suggests that tonic adrenergic regulation of heart rate and pressure is of less importance in tunas than in other teleosts, despite comparable circulating levels of adrenaline and noradrenali.
The Myrmecophilous organs of the larvae of some British Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera): a comparative study

Scanning electron microscope studies have been made of larvae of eight of the fifteen resident British lycaenids (including Maculinea arion). A full suite of myrmecophilous organs comprising Newcomer's organs, tentacular organs and pore cupolas, has been identified in Lysandra coridon, L. bellargus and Polyommatus icarus. M. arion possesses Newcomer's organs and pore cupolas. Quercusia quercus has pore cupolas and what may be the rudiments of tentacular organs. Strymonidia pruni and Hamearis lucina have only pore cupolas. No myrmecophilous organs were identified on larvae of Cupido minimus, but poor quality material suggests this may be artifactual. The ultrastructure of the myrmecophilous organs or their supposed homologues is described in detail. The results presented are compared with those of earlier authors for the other seven resident species of British lycaenids. The functions, homologies and possible evolutionary origins of the myrmecophilous organs are discussed.
Some Aspects of the Organization of Fish Schools

The objective of this study was to describe the organization of schools of the pelagic marine fishes Scomber japonicus, Trachurus symmetricus, Engraulis mordax, Atherinopsis californiensis, and Atherinops affinis. Organization was studied in larval through adult stages by analysis of spatial and angular relations among fish in dorsal photographs of schools.In all species, schools of young fish, larval and juveniles, were typically less compact and showed greater differences in angular headings than did schools of adult fish. The rate at which school structure changed with size varied among species; it was rapid in Scomber and the atherinids and slower in Engraulis and Trachurus. School organization differed among species at the adult stage. Schools of Scomber were typically the most compact and organized; Trachurus and Engraulis schools were intermediate in their organization and Atherinops schools were the least organized.Spatial and angular measurements were also used to develop inferences regarding the.
French Scheme CSPN to CC Evaluation

Since 2008, French certi(cid:28)cation body created a new scheme for a speci(cid:28)c evaluation: CSPN evaluation. For a target of evaluation (TOE), this French certi(cid:28)cation requires to analyse its security target, test its compliance and perform an intrusion tests in a constrained time. So, this evaluation is performed within certain time and workload constraints so as to meet the requirements for mastering costs and time limits. The goal is to attest that a product (target of evaluation) successfully passed an evaluation by ANSSI licensed evaluation facility. This kind of evaluation is conducted under the terms of the conformity analysis (verify that a product is conform to its security speci(cid:28)cations, see a product as a whole to perform relevant analyses) and analysis of e(cid:30)ciency (rate the theoretical strength of the security functions and mechanisms, identify vulnerabilities). This paper focuses mainly on introducing the CSPN evaluation and brie(cid:29)y explaining the di(cid:27)erence between CSPN and Common Criteria evaluation. Finally, we’ll see that these two schemes are complementary and can be used consecutively.
Caracterização do ciclo estral de Galea spixii (Wagler, 1831)

The Galea spixii inhabits semiarid vegetation of Caatinga in the Brazilian Northeast. They are bred in captivity for the development of researches on the biology of reproduction. Therefore, the aim of this study is characterize the estrous cycle of G. spixii, in order to provide information to a better knowledge of captive breeding of the species. The estrous cycle was monitored by vaginal exfoliative cytology in 12 adult females. After the detection of two complete cycles in each animal, the same were euthanized. Then, histological study of the vaginal epithelium, with three females in each phase of the estrous cycle was performed; five were paired with males for performing the control group for estrous cycle phases, and three other were used to monitor the formation and rupture of vaginal closure membrane. By vaginal exfoliative cytology, predominance of superficial cells in estrus, large intermediate cells in proestrus, intermediate and parabasal cells, with neutrophils, in diestrus and metestrus respectively was found. Estrus was detected by the presence of spermatozoa in the control group. By histology, greater proliferation of the vaginal epithelium in proestrus was observed. We conclude that the estrous cycle of G. spixii lasts 15.8 ± 1.4 days and that the vaginal closure membrane develops until complete occlusion of the vaginal ostium, breaking after few days. Future studies may reveal the importance of this fact for the reproductive success of this animal.
Avaliação e aplicação de testes para a detecção da autocorrelação espacial usando marcadores genéticos

O indice I de Moran e a ferramenta usual para se medir a intensidade da autocorrelacao espacial em dados de marcadores geneticos. A estatistica I e assintoticamente normalmente distribuida, podendo ser avaliada como desvios da normal padrao mediante o suposto-N (aproximacao normal). Porem, para pequenos numeros de populacoes (m 25}, deve-se aplicar o teste de Mantel em qualquer das situacoes simuladas.
Early Life History and Growth of Nephelopsis obscura Verrill, 1872 (Pharyngobdellida: Erpobdellidae)

ABSTRACT The reproduction and early growth of the erpobdellid leech Nephelopsis obscura in laboratory culture are presented, enabling a comparison to size structure of natural populations. Individual Nephelopsis obscura in culture were found to produce cocoons over a prolonged spawning period with emergent young of markedly different weight. These characteristics along with differential growth of the young result in a highly skewed weight distribution of a generation of leeches. The extreme weight range in a cohort of N. obscura presents difficulties in aging erpobdellids.
Multiple effects of acid and aluminum on brood stock and progeny of fathead minnows, with emphasis on histopathology

Thirty-day-old fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, were reared at different pH values in softened Lake Superior water enriched with aluminum: pH 7.5–35 μg Al/L, pH 5.5–30 μg Al/L, pH 5.2–35 and 60 μg Al/L, including a background level of 15 μg Al/L, and at pH 7.5, 6.0, 5.5, and 5.2 at background Al levels. Spawning was greatly reduced at pH 6.0, pH 5.5–30 μg Al/L, and pH 5.5 and failed at pH 5.2 with or without added Al. The adult brood stock exhibited abnormalities at low pH, which could have contributed to poor spawning success or energy utilization: (i) thickened respiratory epithelium in the gills, (ii) hyperplasia of primary lamellar epithelium in the gills, (iii) increased number of gill chloride cells, (iv) reduced gill perfusion, (v) immature ovaries and oocyte atresia, (vi) immature and pathologic testes, (vii) abnormal distal tubules and collecting ducts in the kidneys, and (viii) reduced blood osmolality at pH 5.5 and 5.2 when no Al was added. Hatching success and larval survival were reduced.
Characterization of Passionfruit severe leaf distortion virus, a novel begomovirus infecting passionfruit in Brazil, reveals a close relationship with tomato-infecting begomoviruses

Molecular and biological characterization of the begomovirus isolate BR:LNS2:Pas:01, obtained from yellow passionfruit plants in Livramento de Nossa Senhora, Bahia state, Brazil, was carried out. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the BR:LNS2:Pas:01 DNA-A had highest nucleotide sequence identity with Tomato chlorotic mottle virus (77%) and had five ORFs corresponding to the genes cp, rep, trap, ren and ac4. The DNA-B had highest nucleotide sequence identity with Tomato yellow spot virus (74%) and two ORFs corresponding to the genes mp and nsp. These identity values indicate that this isolate represents a new begomovirus species, for which the name Passionfruit severe leaf distortion virus (PSLDV), is proposed. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the PSLDV DNA-A and -B in a monophyletic branch with Brazilian tomato-infecting begomoviruses. The isolate's host range was restricted to species from the Passifloraceae and Solanaceae. PSLDV-[BR:LNS2:Pas:01] was capable of forming pseudorecombinants with tomato-infecting begomoviruses, reinforcing its close relationship with these viruses and suggesting a possible common origin. However, the virus was not capable of infecting tomato.
Effect of demecolcine (colcemid) on goldfish oocyte meiosis in Vitro

Germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and dissolution (GVD) were studied in goldfish oocytes treated with 17-α,20–β-dihydroxyprogesterone (DHP) and/or demecolcine (DE; a colchicine derivative also known as colcemid) in vitro. DE (100 μg/ml) in the presence of DHP, enhanced steroid-induced GVM, after both 24 and 48 hr of incubation and significantly reduced the DHP ED50 value for GVM. Similarly, administration of DE alone elicited a significant, dose-related increase in GVM after 24 or 48 hr of incubation. The presence of DE, either alone or in combination with DHP, was without effect on GVD. The effect of DE was also tested on ooplasmic viscoelasticity in goldfish follicles subjected to a centrifugal force (160g for 1 min). Preincubation (24 hr) of goldfish follicles in DE significantly influenced the direction and the extent of the centrifugally induced GV movement along the axis of centrifugal force in a dose-related fashion. The present results provide support for the hypothesis that cytoskeletal components, such as microtubules that are sensitive to DE, are involved in the mechanism of GVM in goldfish oocytes.
Monitoring Ips typographus (L.) populations and forecasting damage 1

Two methods, one using pheromone‐baited traps, and the other using pheromone‐baited trees, were evaluated as indicators of damage caused by the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.). Both methods reflected damage in the current year well in 10 forest districts. Low risk for damage could be predicted one year in advance using either method. None of the methods could be used to forecast high damage levels.
Characterization of seasonal changes in prolactin and growth hormone cells in the hypophyses of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus borealis) by ultrastructural and immunocytochemical techniques

Prolactin and GH cells were identified in thin sections taken from the adenohypophyses of adult male (6) and female (8) white-tailed deer, collected during all seasons of the year, by locating portions of the same cells in adjacent thick plastic sections immunostained for either PRL or GH. Growth hormone cells were round to ovoid in shape and filled with dense spherical secretory granules which ranged in size from 168 to 682 nm, with a mean diameter of 367 +/- 18 nm (X +/- SD) in the 14 glands studied. No apparent seasonal changes were evident in the ultrastructural appearance of GH cells. Prolactin cells were small and angular in shape during the winter months and contained only a few small secretory granules. By early summer, they wee markedly hypertrophied, round to oval in shape, and densely packed with large spherical secretory granules. The increase in size of PRL secretory granules was most prominent in pregnant females in May, when their mean diameter was approximately double than in midwinter. The ultrastructural appearance of PRL cells in September was similar to that of cells studied in March. The size distribution of PRL secretory granules overlapped that of the GH granules, ranging from 114 to 564 nm, and the mean diameter was 246 +/- 53 nm, calculated from all 14 individual glands. Our observations suggest that the synthesis and secretion of PRL are closely linked to photoperiodic changes in this species, and they demonstrate the necessity of using specific immunocytochemical techniques in the ultrastructural identification of pituitary acidophils, and of specifying the time of year and location (specifies photoperiod) in studies concerning PRL physiology, particularly when dealing with wild animal populations.