Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic stress reactions in children and their parents/caregivers following child trauma: understanding prevalence, risk factors and mediators within the parent-child relationship.

Background: The experience of trauma in childhood occurs at a time when children are highly vulnerable due to their limited emotional, cognitive and psychological development and their sole dependence on their caregivers for protection. As such, trauma can have significant consequences for both the child and the parent, with strong associations reported in the co-occurring development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Methods: Firstly, a systematic review of papers from three leading psychological databases was carried out, summarising the current evidence on the prevalence and risk factors for the development of PTSD in parents following their child’s singleevent trauma. Secondly, empirical analysis of a pre-existing data set from a longitudinal study of parents and young children’s psychological reactions to a single-event trauma was conducted, exploring child and parent post-trauma cognition, and the mechanisms of with the relationship between child-parent PTSD operates. Results: Meta-analysis of 41 studies (n=4370) estimated the prevalence of PTSD in parents following their child’s single-event trauma to be 17.0% (95% CI 14.1– 20.0%). Pooled effect sizes of 32 risk factors were also found, relating to the trauma itself, the parent, the child and the family as a whole. The empirical study suggested the role of parental overprotectiveness as a mediator of the relationship between parent-child PTSD. Whilst also suggesting poorer fragmented memory, developmental age, parent-child separation, parenting behaviour and parents’ maladaptive appraisals each account for unique variance in child PTSD at 6 months post-trauma. Conclusions: Taken together, these papers suggest a multi-factorial model of PTSD in children and their parents; drawing on cognitive, behavioural, systemic and attachment theories. Clinical implications indicate the need to bear in mind the child’s developmental age when assessing post-traumatic reactions, the need for screening parents most vulnerable to adverse responses to trauma, and tailoring interventions to include the family where necessary.
Low Detection Rate of Multidrug-Resistant and Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Trend Analysis 2013-2017

The Democratic Republic of Congo is one of the countries with a high preva-lence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Africa and worldwide. This study aims to describe the trends and level of screening since 2013. This is a retrospective descriptive study based on quarterly reports from the provinces. The number of cases, past histories, age, sex and HIV Co-infection was identi-fied. It emerges that the number of cases increases significantly but does not reach the forecasts yet (912 cases of MDR/RR and XDR diagnosed in 2017 out of 3948 cases expected with a gap of 77%). Patients with a history of TB pre-dominate (63.5% in 2017); but the proportion of patients with no history of TB increases (36.5% in 2017). This suggests high rates among contacts. Women (37.8%) and children under 15 (2.7%) are less represented. TB/HIV Co-infection is 12% as for sensitive cases. Efforts still need to be made to improve screening.
Effect of a simple exercise programme on hospitalisation-associated disability in older patients: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: Hospitalisation-associated disability (HAD, defined as the loss of ability to perform one or more basic activities of daily living [ADL] independently at discharge) is a frequent condition among older patients. The present study aimed to assess whether a simple inpatient exercise programme decreases the incidence of HAD in acutely hospitalised very old patients. Design: In this randomized controlled trial (Activity in GEriatric acute CARe, AGECAR) participants were assigned to a control or intervention (exercise) group, and were assessed at baseline, admission, discharge, and 3 months thereafter. Setting and participants: 268 patients (mean age 88 years, range 75 to 102) admitted to an acute care for elders (ACE) unit of a Public Hospital were randomized to a control (n=125) or intervention (exercise) group (n=143). Methods: Both groups received usual care, and patients in the intervention group also performed simple supervised exercises (walking and rising from a chair, for a total daily duration of ~20 min). We measured incident HAD at discharge and after 3 months (primary outcome); and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), ambulatory capacity, number of falls, re-hospitalisation and death during a 3-month follow-up (secondary outcomes). Results: Median duration of hospitalisation was 7 days (interquartile range 4 days). Compared with admission, the intervention group had a lower risk of HAD at discharge (odds ratio [OR]: 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11, 0.92) and at 3-months follow-up (OR 0.24; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.74) than controls during follow-up. No intervention effect was noted for the other secondary endpoints (all p>0.05), although a trend towards a lower mortality risk was observed in the intervention group (p=0.078). Conclusion and implications: These findings demonstrate that a simple inpatient exercise programme significantly decreases the risk of HAD in acutely hospitalised, very old patients.
Burden of Care of Filipino Children with Epilepsy and its Impact on Quality of Life, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms among Caregivers

Background Caregiver burden and its impact on the quality of life is as important as determining the quality of life of children with epilepsy as these factors inl uence each other as well as the outcome of these children. Objectives The primary objective of the study was to determine the association between caregiver burden and quality of life as well as anxiety and depressive symptoms among caregivers of Filipino children with epilepsy. Also, the study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of caregiver burden, impaired quality of life, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in an ambulatory care setting. Methodology In this cross-sectional survey, adult caregivers accompanying their pediatric patients with epilepsy at a single tertiary center were recruited. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. The participants completed questionnaires for caregiver burden, quality of life, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Results Fifty-three caregivers participated with a mean age of 38 years. Most of them were females, married, unemployed, and at least college level. The mean age of their patients was 9.4 years and 71.7% of patients were on a single anti-epileptic drug. Lower educational level was less likely associated with caregiver burden. Although impaired quality of life and depressive symptoms were more likely associated with caregiver burden, this association did not reach statistical signii cance. Conclusion The prevalence rate of caregiver burden, impaired quality of life, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were 24.5%, 22.6%, 28.3%, and 9.4% respectively, among caregivers of Filipino children with epilepsy at a single tertiary center.
Injury Epidemiology of Elite New Zealand Cricketers: A 2009-2015 Update

Introduction: Cricket played in New Zealand at international and domestic level has increased in recent time as well as growth of the new Twenty20 match format. Increasing and variable workloads are known to influence the risk of injury in sport. Understanding the impact of injury is necessary to develop appropriate injury prevention measures. An update of the injury incidence and prevalence rates in New Zealand cricketers is required to establish the current impact of injury and direct future interventions. Purpose: To determine the injury incidence and prevalence rates of elite New Zealand cricketers from 2009-2015 and investigate the relationship between injury and the level of cricket played, playing position, and workload. Methods: New Zealand Cricket maintains an injury surveillance system to prospectively record injury status in domestic and international cricketers. The injury status of 873 domestic cricketers (mean age 28.2, SD = 4.6), and 216 international level cricketers (mean age 28.9, SD = 4.0) between 2009-2015 was retrospectively analysed. Results: The overall new match injury incidence rates between 2009-2015 were 37.0 injuries per 10,000 player hours in domestic cricket, and 58.0 injuries per 10,000 player hours in international cricket. Total injury prevalence rates from 2009-2015 were 7.6% in domestic cricket, and 10.0% in international cricket. The most injured body site in domestic cricket was the hamstring (8.2%), and the groin (13.5%) in international cricket. Most match days were lost to lumbar spine injuries in domestic cricket (417 x days), and groin injuries in international cricket (152 days). There was a statistically significant difference in injury status between domestic and international level cricketers (c2 = 4.39, p = 0.036), and playing position (c2 = 42.29, p < 0.0001). The number of match exposure hours was associated with increased number of injuries (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Total injury incidence rates have increased in elite New Zealand cricket between 2009-2015 compared to 2002-2008, most likely due to the increase in Twenty20 matches domestically and internationally. International level players and fastmedium pace bowlers were the most injured player types, with increasing match hours of exposure related to the number of injuries. It is suggested that workload interventions may positively influence injury incidence rates in the future.
Trauma-induced secondary cardiac injury

3 DECLARATION . 4 PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS . 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 6 LIST OF FIGURES . 15 LIST OF TABLES . 18 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . 20 CHAPTER ONE . 25
The effect of milk on recovery from exercise in females

ii Acknowledgements . iii Publications and Presentations Arising From This Thesis . v List of Figures . xii List of Tables . xiv List of Appendices . xvi List of Abbreviations . xvii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.
Takayasu Disease in Niger: About Three Cases and Literature Review

Takayasu arteritis is a chronic, idiopathic, and inflammatory disease that primarily affects large vessels, such as the aorta and its main branches. Much of the literature describing Takayasu arteritis has originated from Asian countries, and the disease was once thought to be restricted to these regions. During the past few decades, patients with Takayasu arteritis have been increasingly recognized in Africa. We report three first cases of Takayasu’s arteritis in Niger by focusing on epidemiological clinical radiological and therapeutic aspects. Of the three patients, two were women and the age of onset was 27 years in one case and 33 years in the other two cases. Clinically, abolition of at least one peripheral pulse was constantly observed. We find a predominance of the involvement of the supra-aortic trunks in 3 cases and less of the abdominal aortic involvement in 1 case. Moreover, our series is distinguished by a case revealed by a stroke in a male subject. Corticosteroids were successful with clinical improvement and stabilization of the disease in the short and medium term. The revascularization performed in two of the patients. Tayasu arteritis is uncommon disease that must be evoked before a symptomatology non-specific coaches and lead to check the pulse. Ischemic complications are already present at the time of diagnosis. We have found a high frequency of arterial thrombosis in our series.
A UK national audit of the laboratory investigation of phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma

Background Phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are catecholamine secreting tumours associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Timely diagnosis and management are essential. A range of laboratory tests can be utilised in the investigation of PPGL. There is scope for significant variation in practice between centres. We aimed to investigate how the laboratory investigation of PPGL is performed in laboratories across the United Kingdom. Methods A questionnaire consisting of 21 questions was circulated to Clinical Biochemistry laboratories in the United Kingdom via the Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine office. The survey was designed to allow audit against Endocrine Society Guidelines on the Investigation and Management of PPGL and to obtain information on other important aspects not included in these guidelines. Results Responses were received from 58 laboratories and the data were compiled. The majority of laboratories use either urine or plasma metanephrines in first-line testing for PPGL, although a number of different combinations of biochemistry tests are utilised in different centres. All laboratories measuring metanephrines or catecholamines in-house use LC or LC-MS/MS methods. There are some marked differences between laboratories in urine metanephrines reference ranges used and sample requirements. Conclusions There is evidence of good practice in UK laboratories (as assessed against Endocrine Society Guidelines) such as widespread use of urine/plasma metanephrines and appropriate analytical methodologies used. However, there is also evidence of variations in practice in some areas that should be addressed.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Heart Failure Patients: A Test of the Cardiac Disease-induced PTSD Hypothesis

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in approximately 12% of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and such patients are at risk of further CVD morbidity and mortality. It is unknown whether CVD patients with cardiac and non-cardiac traumatic events leading to PTSD differ in medical comorbidities and psychiatric vulnerabilities. Our objective was to compare heart failure (HF) patients with cardiac and non-cardiac PTSD.A population of HF patients from 3 hospitals underwent a two-step depression and anxiety screening process to identify potential mental health treatment needs. The post-traumatic stress disorder module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I disorders was used to classify trauma(s) exposure, and other disorders. The patients with PTSD were sub-divided by cardiac related traumas (e.g. myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac arrest) and non-cardiac related traumas (e.g. sexual abuse, interpersonal violence). 10 patients met criteria for non-cardiac trauma and 18 patients met criteria for cardiacinduced trauma. There were no significant differences in HF aetiology or severity nor cardiac comorbidities. Time since PTSD, onset was significantly longer for those with non-cardiac PTSD. Among psychiatric comorbidities, alcohol and substance abuse disorders, as well as depression were more prevalent in patients with non-cardiac PTSD.Cardiac related PTSD was associated with less alcohol and substance abuse disorders, and depression by comparison to their non-cardiac induced PTSD counterparts. Ongoing research is required to establish if cardiac-induced PTSD truly reflects a unique subtype of PTSD, and whether there are different treatment needs and therapeutic approaches for this subtype.
Association of QT dispersion with mortality and arrhythmic events—A meta‐analysis of observational studies

The risk stratification of coronary heart disease (CHD) and/or heart failure (HF) patients with easily measured electrocardiographic markers is of clinical importance. The aim of this meta‐analysis is to indicate whether increased QT dispersion (QTd) is associated with fatal and nonfatal outcomes in patients with CHD and/or HF.
S56 Predictors of NIV treatment in patients with COPD exacerbation complicated by respiratory acidaemia

Background Exacerbation of COPD (ECOPD) complicated by respiratory acidaemia (RA) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) substantially reduces mortality, but of ∼26% of patients with RA during their admission, only ∼12% receive NIV. Whilst a minority will correct RA with standard therapy, the reasons why others are not treated are unclear. Methods All patients with an ECOPD and RA from the DECAF derivation and validation studies who attended one of six UK hospitals were identified. Sociodemographic data, markers of disease severity, co-morbidity, and admission clinical data (including serum tests) were compared between those that did and did not receive NIV on both univariate and multivariate analysis. These were compared to predictors of inpatient death. Results 420 patients were identified (NIV treated=309; NIV-untreated=111). 60% were female, the mean (SD) age=72.2 (9.8) years, FEV1=37.7 (16.2)% predicted and median (IQR) pH=7.28 (7.22–7.32). Adverse indices in the NIV-untreated group included higher proportions of institutional care (p=0.002) and cerebrovascular disease (p=0.046), and higher median DECAF scores (p<0.001). The NIV-untreated group also had features consistent with better outcome, such as higher blood pressure (p=0.008), pH (p<0.001) and pO2 (p=0.028), suggesting a mixed population: one milder group with high oxygen levels and milder acidaemia, and another with frail patients from institutional care with cerebrovascular disease. In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of NIV treatment were: admission hospital, institutional care, pO2, cerebrovascular disease, pH, systolic blood pressure, and white cell count (see table). Of these predictors, only pH was also a predictor of inpatient death. On univariate analysis, other key predictors of death included age, DECAF score, AF, LVF, cognitive impairment, and CXR consolidation. Discussion The patient characteristics that indicate mortality risk are different from those that clinicians primarily use to guide NIV treatment. Clinicians may be using indices that they see as informing future quality of life rather than those that predict outcome, or clinicians may be unaware of the key predictors of death. This, and the variation in practice between hospitals, supports the need for improved prediction of mortality in patients with ECOPD meeting criteria for NIV.Abstract S56 Table 1 Multivariate regression analysis showing predictors of NIV treatment in patients that meet the criteria for NIV treatment at admission CVD - cerebrovascular disease
소프트웨어 라디오를 위한 고속 변조 인식기

본 논문에서는 사전정보 없이 입사하는 신호의 변조 형태를 자동 식별하기 위해 변조타입에 대한 민감도가 우수하고, SNR에 대한 변화가 적은 속성을 가진 7개의 특징(key features)들을 선정하였다. 또한 선정된 특징들을 이용하여 총 9종의 변조 신호(아날로그와 디지털 신호 포함)를 분류하기 위한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 소프트웨어 라디오의 고속 변조 인식기 탑재를 고려하여, 4 타입의 변조인식기에 대한 인식 정확도 및 수행시간을 검토하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 인식시간은 DTC(Decision Tree Classifier)가 가장 빠르게 수행되었고, 인식정확도는 SVC(Support Vector Machine Classifier)과 MDC(Minimum Distance Classifier)가 우수하게 제시되었다. 변조 인식기의 프로토타입은 처리 속도가 가장 우수한 DTC로 구현되었다. 필드 실험 결과, 인식 성능은 DTC 시뮬레이션 결과와 일치하는 것을 확인하였다.
Comparative Investigation of the Sensitivity of Candida Fungi Isolated From Vulvovaginal Candidiasis to Nystatin and Teucrium polium Smoke Product

Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the antifungal activities of Teucrium Polium smoke product and nystatin in the treatment of Candida vaginitis in vitro. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 105 subjects were diagnosed with Candida vaginitis. The data were collected through a collection form and the species were isolated by the germ tube, as well as CHROMagar chromogenic and chlamydospore formation tests. Results: Based on the results of the germ tube, chlamydospore formation, and CHROMagar tests, 70.5%, 23.8%, and 66.6% of the species were Candida albicans, respectively. In addition, 99% of the samples were sensitive to nystatin. A significant relationship was also observed between the antifungal drug and the type of organism (P<0.02). Finally, all the 15 standard clinical samples were sensitive to T. polium smoke. Conclusions: In general, the results confirmed the antifungal effects of T. polium and nystatin on the species isolated from 10 clinical samples obtained from Candida vaginitis as well as on five standard strains.
Intestinal Giardiasis at UPFR Parasitology-Mycology of CHU-JRA Antananarivo, Madagascar

Introduction: Giardiasis is an intestinal parasitosis extremely widespread in the world but under-diagnosed in Madagascar. It is often asymptomatic. It can be fatal due to intestinal malabsorption syndrome. This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological-clinical aspect of giardiasis in Antananarivo and to determine the relevance of prescribing the KAOP stool examination for its diagnosis. Materials and methods: We report the results of a retrospective study of 2154 KAOP stool examinations performed at the Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory of the CHU-JRA over a 13-year period from June 2005 to June 2018. Results. The positivity rate for intestinal parasitosis was 58.36% or 1257 out of 2154 files examined. We found a prevalence of 1.76% (38/2154) of all claims and a frequency of 3.2% (38/1257) compared to other parasitoses. We found a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.8. The average age was 20.46 years, of which 39.47% (15/38) were under 10 years of age. Abdominal pain were the main reasons for requesting tests. Only the cystic form of Giardia duodenalis was found, of which 28.95% (11 cases) were isolated and 71.05% (27) were associated with one or more parasites. Conclusion: Giardiasis is a parasitosis with a harmful effect on children. It is still under-diagnosed in Madagascar. Compliance with the prescription of 3 successive stool examinations allows a diagnosis of certainty.