Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GEOMETRICAL CORRELATION AND MATCHING OF 2D IMAGE SHAPES

The problem of image correspondence measure selection for image comparison and matching is addressed. Many practical applications require image matching "just by shape" with no dependence on the concrete intensity or color values. Most popular technique for image shape comparison utilizes the mutual information measure based on probabilistic reasoning and information theory background. Another approach was proposed by Pytiev (so called "Pytiev morphology") based on geometrical and algebraic reasoning. In this framework images are considered as piecewise-constant 2D functions, tessellation of image frame by the set of non-intersected connected regions determines the "shape" of image and the projection of image onto the shape of other image is determined. Morphological image comparison is performed using the normalized morphological correlation coefficients. These coefficients estimate the closeness of one image to the shape of other image. Such image analysis technique can be characterized as an “"ntensity-to-geometry" matching. This paper generalizes the Pytiev morphological approach for obtaining the pure "geometry-to-geometry" matching techniques. The generalized intensity-geometrical correlation coefficient is proposed including the linear correlation coefficient and the square of Pytiev correlation coefficient as its partial cases. The morphological shape correlation coefficient is proposed based on the statistical averaging of images with the same shape. Centered morphological correlation coefficient is obtained under the condition of intensity centering of averaged images. Two types of symmetric geometrical normalized correlation coefficients are proposed for comparison of shape-tessellations. The technique for correlation and matching of shapes with ordered intensities is proposed with correlation measures invariant to monotonous intensity transformations. The quality of proposed geometrical correlation measures is experimentally estimated in the task of visual (TV) and infrared (IR) image matching. First experimental results demonstrate competitive quality and better computational performance relative to state-of-art mutual information measure.
The Relationship between Ensemble Spread and Ensemble Mean Skill

Abstract Statistical considerations suggest that 1) even for a perfect ensemble (one in which all sources of forecast error are sampled correctly) there need not be a high correlation between spread and skill, 2) the correlation between spread and skill should be larger where the day-to-day variability of spread is large, and 3) the spread is likely to be most useful as a predictor of skill when it is “extreme,” that is, when it is either very large or very small compared to its climatological mean value. The authors investigate the relationship between spread and skill in an operational setting by analyzing ensemble predictions produced by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. The geographical dependence of the spread–skill relationship is found to be related to the geographical dependence of day-to-day variability of spread. Dynamical mechanisms for spread variability are investigated using a linear quasigeostrophic model. Problems associated with the sample size needed to define what const.
ECA: An E-commerce Consumer Acceptance Model

The paper starts from the hypothesis that consumers’ purchase decisions are strongly influenced by other members of social network and in particular by people with the same interests, social affinity, their centrality in the network and the electronic word of mouth. Starting from an analysis of literature on user acceptance, we developed a model called E-Commerce Consumer Acceptance - ECA that takes into account specific elements that influence consumer acceptance in the context of the online social networks. The paper extends the Technology Acceptance Model - TAM and TAM2 from a social network perspective to analyze how social influence can affect consumer acceptance of e-commerce in the specific context of social networks.
The Library: Center of the Restructured University

s Franklin Wallin, the president of Earlham College, observed in a recent article in Change, ''Universities have not moved much beyond amazement at the cost and power of the technological engines that drive this shift [from an industrial society to an information-based society], the computers and telecommunications that can come up with answers in nanoseconds and transmit them to everyone around the world in minutes. We struggle merely to keep up with this technology in our universities. We have scarcely taken time to understand the educational implications of the change or conceive what a university might be like in the context of an information age. '' For at least a decade, librarians have been very much aware of the revolutionary impact of developments in information technology. But the expansion of computer capabilities occurred at a time when research libraries were experiencing, for unrelated reasons, serious obstacles in serving scholarly needs. The traditional bonds between scholars and librarians have been substantially eroded, and librarians' efforts to reinvent the library in the electronic environment have often been actively opposed, widely misunderstood, or more generally, completely ignored by scholars and administrators. In addition, there appears to be widespread misunderstanding of the function of the research library in the process of scholarly communication and a pervasive misperception of the ''library'' as no more than a storehouse for books. As often happens in academic institutions, symbols become enshrined in mythology and mortgaged to territorial jurisdictions, with the consequence that the basic function is obscured and overlooked. Traditionally we have defined the library as a storehouse where librarians "mark and park," rather than as a place which has a scholarly information function within the university. The introduction of computer and communications technologies into the society were initially viewed as separate and distinct activities unrelated to the historic functions of the library. The traditional organization of the university into largely autonomous units further inhibited the recognition of the essential relationship between the new technologies and the information function of the library. In keeping with conventional organizational structures, university administrators departmentalized the function, establishing an organizational barrier between libraries and computer centers. For almost a decade, there was little recognition that advances in communication technologies were radically affecting the ways in which scholars communicate. One of the most powerful deterrents to change in conservative institutions-and I think the educational institution is one of our society's most conservative institutions-is the existence of strong autonomous vested interests and the fear of losing one's empire. Universities are no to-
Toxicological evaluation of submerged liquid culture from Phanerochaete chrysosporium mycelium on human blood cells: cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative damage

Mushrooms produce a variety of bioactive antioxidant secondary metabolites including ectins, polysaccharides, pigments, phenolic compounds, sterols and terpenes. Extracellular and intracellular compounds produced by submerged liquid fermentation are important industrially and economically. Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) is the model white-rot fungus that easy cultivation on lignocellulose-containing substrates. PC can be used as a bioprotein source. Aims of this study were to determine the in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hot water extract obtained from PC on human peripheral blood monunuclear cells (hPBMCs). Cytotoxicity was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakeage assay and neutral red (NR). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) were detected to determine the oxidative damage. Genotoxicity was characterized by micronuclei and chromosome aberrations assays for specify DNA damage. PC (5-75 µg/ml) significantly increased antioxidant capacity and these doses did not cause any significant alterations to cytotoxicity on hPBMCs. The elavated doses of PC (5-250 µg/ml) did not cause increase in genotoxic. Whereas, 250 and 500 µg/ml doses of PC statistically increased TOS levels, NR uptake, LDH release, CA/cell frequency and MN formation however decreased TAC levels. This study is the first time on cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative damage of PC on hPBMCs. In conclusion, the consumption of PC can be safe for humans, but it has also exposure period and dose-dependent effects on inducing oxidative damage and toxicity on hPBMCs.
Understanding Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities through Knowledge Seeking Behavior

Abstract 논문투고일：2014년 01월 28일 논문수정완료일：2014년 03월 09일 논문게재확정일：2014년 03월 13일* This research was supported by Hannam University Research Fund in 2014. ** 한남대학교 경상대학 경영정보학과This study investigated knowledge browsing behavior as the factor affecting the increase of knowledge sharing intention. To conduct this study in the specific context of kno wledge seeking and sharing behavior of virtual community members, literature on knowledge seeking behavior, meta-knowled ge, and knowledge sharing intention was reviewed. Structural Equation Modeling was conducted to analyze survey da ta to test the research model of this study. The result showed that knowledge browsing have positive effects on creatin g of virtual community members’ subject knowledge and meta-knowledge, which, in turn, affected positively their k nowledge sharing intention. One of the main contributions of this study is that knowledge seeking behavior influence one’ s knowledge sharing intention in a virtual community. Organization managers should consider knowledge seeking behavio r as not only a self-interested, consuming activity, but also a productive one through its function of constructing subject knowledge and meta-knowledge.
ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATES EXTRACTED FROM J52P408 OIL FILTERS

Traditionally, rotrode atomic emission spectroscopy (RAES) is the technology and methodology of choice used in DoD to monitor the wear occurring in oil system components of jet engines. Eight microns is the maximum size of particles that AES can resolve into their elemental composition. [1] The Joint Oil Analysis Program Technical Support Center (JOAP-TSC) has developed an automated technology and methodology to analyze debris extracted from jet engine oil filter elements. The method is termed filter debris analysis (FDA) and particle size is not an issue in FDA. The J52 engine was experiencing catastrophic failures where the root cause was linked to the failure of the 4 1/2 bearing assembly. RAES was not successful in detecting the onset of the failure of the 4 1/2 bearing assembly. FDA was employed in an attempt to detect 4 1/2 bearing failure in the J52 engine. The J52 engineering group has reported that FDA and RAES together are 90% effective in detecting 4 1/2 bearing failure. JOAP-TSC data indicates that the FDA technique is 95% or better in detecting 4 1/2 bearing failure.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Modeling the Distribution of Rainfall Intensity using Quarterly Data

Agricultural planning, drainage pattern and designs for erosion control all depends on how best the design of water management practices are been conducted. This can be, best achieved if there is a prior knowledge of the distribution pattern of rainfall characteristics. The effect of rainfall to man is diverse ranging from designs of agricultural systems to erosion control. This study is aimed at exploring the statistical distribution namely Gamma distribution on quarterly rainfall amount in Zaria. Quarterly rainfall data were been collected for a period of 38 years (1971 - 2008) from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NMA) quoted in central bank of Nigeria (CBN) bulletin, the Gamma distribution was used to model the distribution of the quarterly rainfall amount. Kolmogorov - Smirnov, One Sample test was used to evaluate the model fit. The Gamma distribution adequately fit the quarterly rainfall data producing a suitable model base on the Kolmogorov - Smirnov One Sample test. The result could be very useful to agricultural planning, erosion
A Scalable House Recommendation System

A recommendation system is increasing important in online video application, news recommendation and electronic commerce especially in search engine. Recommendation on search engines are more related to hundreds of millions of users like Google, Bing and Baidu. Our proposed filtering solution is based on content match to handle large number of users and houses for search engine.
The Host Range of bryan Strain Rous Sarcoma Virus Synthesized in the Absence of Helper Virus

SUMMARY Different L-R 'non-producer' cell lines synthesized one of two types of RSV(O), distinguishable by host range. RSVp(O) has no known natural host. RSVfl(O) i~ infectious for Japanese quails, European pheasants and some Brown Leghorn~ White Leghorn and Reaseheath I x C hybrid chickens. The host range of RSVfl(O) is distinct from other avian tumour viruses. Host susceptibility to RSVfl(O) is genetically determined in a complex and as yet unclear way. It is not correlated with response to the A, B, and C sub-groups of avian tumour viruses Or with presence of the natural antigen which reacts in the COFAL test: nor is it sex-linked. RSVfl(O) is not markedly oncogenic in hamsters. The difference between RSV~ (O) and RSVfl (O) did not appear to be aheritable property of the RSV particle but depended on the type of host cell in which the virus was cloned. Synthesis of RSVfl(O) occurred only afterpassage through COFAL positive host cells. The possible control of the infectious properties of RSVfl(O) by a helper virus present in an elusive form in permissive hosts is discussed. A stock of inactivated Sendai virus commonly used for cell fusion was apparently contaminated with an active avian leukosis virus.
VALIDATION OF THE DAILY PASSIVE MICROWAVE SNOW DEPTH PRODUCTS OVER NORTHERN CHINA

Abstract. Passive microwave sensors have the capability to provide information on snow depth (SD), which is critically important for hydrological modeling and water resource management. However, the different algorithms used to produce SD products lead to discrepancies in the data. To determine which products might be most suitable for Northern China, this paper assesses the accuracy of the existing snow depth products in the period of 2002–2011. By comparing three daily snow depth products, including NSIDC, WESTDC and ESA Globsnow, with snow cover product and meteorological stations data, the accuracies of the different SD products are analyzed for different snow class and forest cover fraction. The results show that comparison between snow cover derived from snow depth of NSIDC, ESA GlobSnow and WESTDC with snow cover product shows that accuracy of WESTDC and ESA GlobSnow in snow cover detecting can reach 0.70. Compared to meteorological stations data below 20 cm, NSIDC consistently overestimate, WESTDC and ESA Globsnow underestimate, furthermore the product from WESTDC is superior to the others. The three products have the same tendency of significant undervaluation over 20 cm. The WESTDC is superior to the ESA Globsnow and NSIDC in non-forest regions, whereas the ESA GlobSnow estimate is superior to the WESTDC and NSIDC in forest regions. As for the prairie and alpine snow, WESTDC has smaller bias and RMSE, meanwhile Globsnow has advantages in the snow depth retrieval in tundra and taiga snow. Therefore, we should choose the more suitable snow depth products according to different needs.
Non-Gaussian center-of-pressure velocity distribution during quiet stance

In the present study, we investigate patterns in the postural sway that characterize the static balance in human beings. To measure the postural sway, sixteen healthy young subjects performed quiet stance tasks providing the center-of-pressure (COP) trajectories. From these trajectories, we obtained the COP velocities. We verified that the velocity distributions exhibit non-normal behavior and can be approximated by generalized Gaussians with fat tails. We also discuss possible implications of modeling COP velocity by using generalized Fokker-Planck equations related to Tsallis statistics and Richardson anomalous diffusion.
First-Year Engineering Students' Perceptions of their Abilities to Succeed

The engineering foundation course outcomes identified by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) are common across colleges and universities. A group of professors at a university located in the southwestern region of the United States is conducting engineering enculturation research of first-year engineering (FYE) students to the engineering profession. Engineering as a profession has its own norms, values, and practices that are unique to its culture. Students begin to learn and assimilate to this engineering culture of the moment that they begin their academic journey. The literature has indicated that there are several success factors for students during their first year of college in an engineering curriculum. How well a student assimilates to a culture is a key success factor. In research, a person’s perception is said to be an important factor that effects both their willingness to persist and successfully achieve their goals. This research can help to inform both literature and practice by shedding empirical insight into factors that enable the successful matriculation of students through their FYE program. During the FYE foundation class, engineering students, primarily freshman, self-reported on their perceptions of their abilities to perform on the engineering foundation course outcomes as were established by ABET. In this quantitative assessment, the professors analyzed the Likertscale data collected from 187 engineering students from multiple sections of an engineering foundation course. Research has shown that a person’s belief in their abilities is critical in translating their confidence into successful actions. Likewise, the engineering student’s belief in his or her ability to perform foundational math, science, and analytical problem solving skills, as well as be a productive member of a high achieving team, will increase the probability that the student will perform well academically, persist through engineering curricula successfully and become a practicing engineer. This paper contains the initial results from this ongoing research to assess the student’s perceptions of ABET foundational engineering outcomes.
Learning About Identification

multiple stable self-confirming equilibria. As an application, we examine the problem of distinguishing between Classical and Keynesian directions of fit in the Phillips Curve (Sargent [199] and King and Watson [1994]), and claim that that the Classical direction of fit is more robust to experimentation, and is eventually selected by our method almost surely.
Three-Dimensional Microstructured Lattices for Oil Sensing

Monitoring of environmental contamination, including oil pollution, is important to protect marine ecosystems. A wide range of sensors are used in the petroleum industry to measure various parameters, such as viscosity, pressure, and flow. Here, we create an optical lattice mesh structure that can be used as an oil sensor integrated with optical fiber probing. The principle of operation of the sensor was based on light scattering, where the tested medium acted as a diffuser. Three different mesh-patterned structures were analyzed by optical imaging, light transmission, and scattering in the presence of supercut, diesel, and stroke oil types. The meshes were used as a medium for different types of oils, and the optical diffusion and transmission were studied in the visible spectrum. Angle-resolved measurements were carried out to characterize the light scattering behavior from the mesh structures. Different types of oils were identified on the basis of the optical behavior of the lattice structure. The fab.
Structural stability and elastic constants of precipitate phases of Mg-5%Al alloy with combined Ca and Sr addition from first-principles calculations

The calculated lattice parameters and enthalpies of formation of A12Ca, Al2Sr,A14Ca, Al4Sr,Mg2Ca,and Mg2Sr phase in Mg-Al-Ca-Sr alloy system were compared with both calculation results and experimental data published in references available, and the structural stability of these intermetallic compounds phases were estimated from the energetic point of view. The results showed that A12Ca phase had a higher structural stability. After further calculation of lattice parameters and enthalpies of formation of Al2(Ca,Sr) phase with Sr and Ca variation respectively, the structural stability of Al2(Ca,Sr) phase was predicted from the thermodynamic point of view. The results showed that Al2(Ca,Sr) phase had a good alloying ability and the Al2(Ca,Sr) with various Ca/Sr atom ratio was either stable, which demonstrated the mutual solubility of Ca and Sr in Al2(Ca,Sr) phase. The elastic constants and mechanical parameters for Mg, Al2 (Ca, Sr) and Al4Sr in Mg-5%Al-Ca-Sr alloy were further calculated. Results showed that the obtained elastic constants and mechanical parameters of Mg were accordant with the experimental results and Al4Sr is both of the best ductility and plasticity, while Al2 (Ca, Sr) is both of poorest ductility and plasticity in Mg-Al-Ca-Sr alloy.
Transport and turnstiles in multidimensional Hamiltonian mappings for unimolecular fragmentation: Application to van der Waals predissociation

A four‐dimensional symplectic (Hamiltonian) mapping of the type studied by Gaspard and Rice is used to model the predissociation of the van der Waals complex He–I2. Phase space structure and unimolecular decay in this mapping are analyzed in terms of a general approach recently developed by Wiggins. The two‐dimensional area preserving map obtained by restricting the 4D map to the T‐shaped subspace is studied first. Both the Davis–Gray theory and the analog of the alternative RRKM theory of Gray, Rice, and Davis for discrete maps are applied to estimate short‐time decay rates. A four‐state Markov model involving three intramolecular bottlenecks (cantori) is found to give a very accurate description of decay in the 2D map at short to medium times. The simplest version of the statistical Davis–Gray theory, in which only a single intermolecular dividing surface is considered, is then generalized to calculate the fragmentation rate in the full 4D map as the ratio of the volume of a four‐dimensional turnstile l.
The universe of Ptolemy revisited.

In this work we will present an alternative method to teach the first two Kepler's laws, using basic concepts of geometry, but achieving conclusions in the important notions of reference systems and the equivalence between heliocentrism (CopernicanKeplerian system) and geocentrism (Ptolemaic system). We used this method for students of junior (last year), high school and for undergraduate courses (Physics and Mathematics).
Innovative construction using flexible moulds

By replacing orthogonal concrete moulds with a system formed of flexible sheets of fabric it is possible to construct optimised, variable cross section concrete elements that can provide material savings of up to 40% when compared to an equivalent strength prismatic member, and thereby offer the potential for significant embodied energy savings in new concrete structures. This paper provides pointers on some research undertaken at the BRE Centre for Innovative Construction Materials (BRE CICM). The work demonstrate that a fabric formwork construction system may be used to facilitate a sustainable future for concrete construction, providing a design method by which structurally optimised elements may be cast in an economical manner while also providing significant durability and visual benefits.