Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On M-route flows in a network

In a flow network an m-F-ring, which corresponds to an m-route channel in a communication network, is defined. An m-route flow between two vertices is the sum of m-F-rings between them, and its value is defined to be the sum of values of those m-F-rings. The m-route capacity of a cut is also defined. The authors show that the maximum value of m-route flows is equal to the minimum value of m-route capacities of the cuts separating those vertices. A method for obtaining this maximum value is presented. <<ETX>>
Comparison of different protocols & strategies for range queries in mobile Ad hoc networks

One area, which has already been identified as a focal point of research in MANET is routing with a number of routing protocols proposed in the last couple of years. However, a comparison between them is lacking to help deciding which routing protocol is best suited in specific network scenarios. The paper is presented the performance comparison of the protocols with identical loads and environmental conditions and summarized their relative performance in a tabular form with respect to some basic performance metrics. Moreover, this report focused on a clear view of range query applied in mobile ad hoc networks, different strategies to realize this range query and analysis of the results obtained from the implementation of the best suited strategy into ns2. The strategies to realize range queries are based on the criteria to collect location and other information of different nodes situated in an expected region in an ad hoc network. Several forwarding algorithms have been studied and measured for the accumulation of the suitable ones to realize range queries. Based on the theoretical concept of the different protocols and the strategy of the range query a proposed idea was given that can be used for efficient communication among the nodes.
RANCANG BANGUN MODEL SEMANTIC SEARCH DENGAN METODE RULE BASED SEBAGAI APLIKASI WEB SEMANTIC(STUDI KASUS PADA INFORMASI MUSIK)

The search service is a tool that help user to find information fastly. The facility of search service that is plenty today is using the word syntax, so that the information that is returned is not suitable with the hope of user. The established application is prototype of a searching service using the parameter namely keyword or sentence. The process of the sentence translation is done by eliminating stopword, parsing and stemming using algorithm tala. The formed tokens are classified into question word (QW), object properties (OBP), class (CLP), data type properties (DTP) and value. The next step is looking for the data value to all classes. Based on the found data value, it is formed relation between range and domain. Based on that relation, it is made queri SWRL to look for the data into knowledge basis. Semantic Search that is built is able to search for with parameter namely keyword or with sentence. Several sentences that have the same meaning can be used to do seeking for.
Work-centred Design And Decision Support InAn Adaptive Decision-Enabling And ProficiencyToolkit (ADEPT

This paper describes the work-centered design of a system to be used by satellite systems operators and the decision support provided. The United States Air Force (USAF) satellite domain is dynamic, stressful, and cognitively demanding. In this paper, we focus on the specific ways in which ADEPT provides decision and performance support to satellite operators, as well as the benefits of providing such support – improved accuracy, faster task performance times, and greater opportunity for on-the-job learning.
Extinção ecológica de grandes herbívoros e diversidade de plantas em um gradiente de defaunação na Mata Atlântica

Human impact on tropical ecosystems has a pervasive effect on large bodied vertebrate populations. The absence of large mammals causes a lack of fundamental processes performed by them within the plant communities, such as herbivory, trampling, seed predation and seed dispersal. Species loss results in loss of ecological functions altering the proper functioning of the ecosystem. This dissertation is organized into two chapters. Firstly (Chapter I: Selective mammal defaunation changes functional diversity in continuous Atlantic rainforests) we analyzed how changes in species richness and abundance of mid and large forest-dwelling mammals affect functional diversity in a tropical forest, the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We found that, despite the fact that the four studied sites compose the same Atlantic Forest continuum, species richness and abundance were not similar between sites and in one of four sites we found an alteration in functional diversity, which reveals the existence of distinct large mammal communities in these areas. Secondly (Chapter II: Consequences of herbivores extinction on plant diversity in a gradient of defaunation) we investigated whether the absence of large mammals alters seedling species richness, density and beta diversity in the same areas. We found that at peccary-present sites, the presence of large herbivorous mammals (open plots) causes a tendency of decrease in seedling density and a tendency of increase in beta diversity, but we found no pattern of their effect over seedling richness. At peccary-absent sites, the presence of large herbivorous mammals (open plots) causes no changes in seedling richness and in beta diversity, but we found no pattern of their effect over seedling density. The extinction of large mammals may result in worrying consequences over plant communities, being the white-lipped peccary, Tayassu pecari, the major driver of plant community changes, which makes white-lipped peccaries conservation fundamental for a healthy functioning of the ecosystem. Knowing the consequences of extinctions of particular mammal species will allow us to better understand the importance of each piece of tropical mammalian food webs and better delineate further conservation strategies. Key-words: Atlantic forest, beta diversity, functional diversity, trophic cascades.
Incidence and Correlates of STIs among Black Men who have Sex with Men Participating in the HPTN 073 PrEP Study.

Background HPTN 073 assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for Black men who have sex with men (BMSM). The purpose of this analysis was to characterize the relationship between PrEP uptake and use, and incident STIs among participants enrolled in HPTN 073. Methods 226 HIV-uninfected BMSM were enrolled in three US cities; all participants received client-centered care coordination (C4) and were offered daily oral PrEP. Participants were followed for 12 months with STI testing (rectal and urine NAAT for gonorrhea and chlamydia, RPR for syphilis) conducted at baseline, week 26 and week 52. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between STI incidence and PrEP uptake. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) evaluated associations between age, PrEP acceptance, sexual behaviors, and incident STI cases. Results Baseline STI prevalence was 14.2%. Men <25 were more likely to have a baseline STI (25.3% vs. 6.7%; OR 4.39; 95% CI: 1.91, 10.11). Sixty participants (26.5%) acquired ≥1 STI during follow-up; the incidence rate was 34.2 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI: 27.4, 42.9). In adjusted analyses, baseline STI diagnosis (OR 4.23, 95% CI: 1.82, 9.87; p<0.001) and additional C4 time (OR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.06; p=0.027) were associated with having an incident STI. STI incidence was not associated with PrEP acceptance or adherence. Discussion While we found higher rates of STIs in younger BMSM, the overall rates of STI in this trial were lower than in prior PrEP trials with no increase over time. BMSM with STIs at PrEP initiation may require additional interventions targeting STI acquisition risk.
Very early ART initiation during acute HIV infection is associated with normalization of cerebrospinal fluid but not plasma markers of immune activation.

Background Chronic immune activation in the blood and central nervous system are consequences of HIV infection that contribute to disease morbidity, and can occur despite virally-suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The trajectory of HIV-related inflammation may vary with the timing of ART initiation. We examined cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) versus blood immune activation markers over 96 weeks in participants who initiated ART during acute HIV infection (AHI). Methods RV254/SEARCH010 AHI participants underwent CSF (n=89) and plasma (n=146) sampling before initiating ART, and then at 24 and 96 weeks of treatment. Participants received a standard ART regimen, or this regimen plus maraviroc and raltegravir (ART+) for the first 24 weeks. We measured neopterin, CXCL10, CCL2, and IL6, compared with healthy, uninfected controls (n=18). Results Following 24 and 96 weeks of treatment, all CSF markers normalized for AHI participants, while several plasma markers remained elevated (p<0.001). Participants receiving the ART+ regimen had lower median plasma CCL2 levels at week 24, and at week 96 had lower plasma neopterin levels. Conclusions ART initiation during AHI differentially impacts the brain compartment, normalizing CSF but not plasma markers of inflammation, sustained at 96 weeks.
SFN Gain Simulations in Non-Interfered and Interfered SFN Network

The DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting, Handheld) coverage area depends mainly on the area type, i.e. on the radio path attenuation, as well as on the transmitter power level, antenna height and radio parameters. The latter set has effect also on the audio / video capacity. In the detailed network planning, not only the coverage itself is important but the quality of service level should be dimensioned accordingly. This paper describes the SFN gain related items as a part of the detailed radio DVB-H network planning. The emphasis is put to the effect of DVB-H parameter settings on the error levels caused by the over-sized Single Frequency Network (SFN) area. In this case, part of the transmitting sites converts to interfering sources if the safety distance margin of the radio path is exceeded. A respective method is presented for the estimation of the SFN interference levels. The functionality of the method was tested by programming a simulator and analyzing the variations of carrier per interference distribution. The results show that the theoretical SFN limits can be exceeded e.g. by selecting the antenna height in optimal way and accepting certain increase of the error level that is called SFN error rate (SER) in this paper. Furthermore, by selecting the relevant parameters in correct way, the balance between SFN gain and SER can be planned in controlled way. Index TermsMobile broadcast, single frequency network, radio planning, performance evaluation.
Instruction for Web Searching: An Empirical Study.

Users searching the Web have difficulty using search engines and developing queries. Searches tend to be simple, and Boolean operators are used infrequently and incorrectly. Users also are unaware that search engines operate differently from other information retrieval systems. Yet, there is little research on effective instructional methods for teaching users how to search the Web. Research has looked at instructional methods for other types of information retrieval, but these systems differ a great deal from the Web. The purpose of this study was to determine what undergraduate students know about search engines and to examine instructional treatments to aid searchers in using a search engine.
The RTM5 Signal Processing Architecture

A signal processing architecture has been developed that provides a very high degree of low-level programmability within an essentially parallel processing network. The network can be expanded, theoretically without limit, providing signal paths (pipelines) of any length. The RTM5 signal processing architecture comprises multiple, arbitrarily connected shared bus modules. Within each module resides a number of processing elements (PEs), which communicate over a synchronous (time-division multiplexed) bus referred to as a highway, and a highway controller (HWC). The HWC may have an external interface to a common terminal or host processor (Fig. 1).
Multi-target Tracking - From Drosophila Melanogaster to Pedestrians -

Multi-target tracking is used in many applications, such as for indoor or outdoor surveillance, intelligent vehicles, robotics, or experiments in biology. In this thesis, three types of targets are tracked, namely drosophila melanogaster, vehicles, and pedestrians. The thesis proposes specific methods for tracking the different objects. A comparative discussion of different tracking needs is provided in Chapter 6. Vision-based locomotion analysis of drosophila melanogaster is a common way for studying nervous systems. As a holometabolous insect, there are 2D crawling (larvae) and 3D freely flying (fruit fly) motions to be analysed. We conduct tracking experiments for both stages; 3D tracking in high density scenarios defines the most difficult challenge. A tracking-by-matching method is proposed for 3D tracking to alternatively operate stereo-matching and temporal-tracking processes. Experimental results prove the efficiency of the method for reducing ambiguities in both matching and tracking modules. A tracklet-based method is proposed, based on our tracking-by-matching method, which further improves the performance by suppressing fragmented trajectories. In order to test the proposed methods, a simulator is used to generate synthetic sequences with 3D ground truth. We also study tracking for vision-based driver assistance on highways. Vehicles are the most interesting targets in such scenarios. Dynamic occlusions of vehicles occur frequently, and a tracker should also be able to deal with partially-occluded vehicles. We propose an integrated occluder-occludee tracking system. It detects and tracks both fully-visible and partially-occluded vehicles, and is able to deal with dynamic occlusion patterns. Detecting and tracking a further-away occluded vehicle contributes to the understanding of overtaking processes ahead of the egovehicle. The proposed method is tested on sequences containing such overtaking scenarios. Vision-based pedestrian behaviour analysis requires pedestrian tracking. Pedestrians may change directions abruptly. We conduct 3D tracking experiments applying a unscented Kalman filter-based tracking method. The motion model suppresses the noise from detection results. By focusing on single-frame appearance information for tracking, we propose an integrated pedestrian and body-direction classifier. It classifies the input bounding boxes into the pedestrian class and a corresponding body-direction class. We also propose a method using a part-based random decision forest for body-direction classification. We generate a pedestrian-direction classification data set (available online). This data set, and two other publicly available data sets are used to test both proposed methods. The designed tracking methods vary for the considered three different targets and data recording settings (i.e. static, or moving cameras, monocular, binocular, or
A Reliable Multipath Routing Strategy for WirelessHART Mesh Networks Using Subgraph Routing

The graph routing protocol proposed by WirelessHART is one of the robust routing protocol in wireless networks. Since there are a few algorithms about graph routing at present and the performance is poor, a reliable multipath graph routing algorithm, optimized reliable multipath graph routing (ORMGR) is presented. In ORMGR, the network is dened as a connected graph. It then generates the binary tree from a node to the given destination node on-demand, and the sub-graph that includes all the edges of the binary tree. As for packet transmission, there are no xed paths from the source node to the destination node, because ORMGR ensures hop-by-hop multipath. This makes it easily switch to another node when the current node fails. In addition, the real-time link quality estimation is combined with periodical link quality estimation to provide reliable routing selection to cope with the poor link quality in harsh industrial elds. The performance of our approach is studied by OPNET simulator. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm greatly improves the routing reliability. It also help reduce end-to-end delay signicantly.
An Overview of Membrane Computing

School of Computer and Information, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, Anhui, ChinaMembrane computing is a new branch of natural computing whose aim is to abstract computingideas from the structure and the functioning of living cells, as well as from the cell cooperationin tissues, populations of cells and the brain. The obtained models are called P systems. Theresearch in this area developed very fast, both towards theory, such as Turing computability, lan-guage and automata theory (e.g., characterizations of Turing completeness), computational efﬁ-ciency (polynomial solutions to NP-complete problems by trading off time to space) and applications(in system biology, bio-medicine, computer graphics, approximate optimization, robot control, cryp-tography, ecology and economics modeling, etc.). There are three main classes of P systems: (1)cell-like P systems inspired from living cells, (2) tissue-like P systems inspired from tissues, and(3) neural-like P systems inspired from neural systems. In this paper, we brieﬂy introduce cell-likeand tissue-like P systems, and then discuss a class of neural-like P systems, called spiking neuralP systems, in details: the formal deﬁnition of the system is ﬁrstly introduced, and some results ofthe systems are recalled in two aspects: computational completeness and computational efﬁciency.
Star Coloring Problem: The DNA Solution

In this paper, a DNA based computing model for solving the star coloring problem is proposed. This model shows how to use DNA strands to construct solution space of molecules for the star coloring problem and how to apply the DNA algorithm to solve the star coloring problem using biological operations. The algorithm is highly parallel and has satisfactory fidelity. The time complexity of the algorithm is O (n), where n is the number of vertices of the graph.
3D edge detection by separable recursive filtering and edge closing

Edge detection in 3D images such as scanner, magnetic resonance, or spatiotemporal data is considered. A two-stage scheme based on separable recursive filtering and edge tracking/closing is proposed. The key point of the filtering stage is to use optimal recursive and separable filters to approximate gradient or Laplacian methods. The recursive nature of the operators enables one to implement infinite 3D impulse response with a computing time roughly similar to a 3*3*3 convolution mask. The principle of the edge tracking/closing is to select from the previous stage only the more reliable edge points and then to apply an edge closing method derived from the idea developed by R. Deriche and J.P. Cocquerez (1988). This makes it possible to substantially improve the results provided by the filtering stage. <<ETX>>
Optimizing ITK’s Registration Methods for Multi-processor, Shared-Memory Systems

This document describes work-in-progress for refactoring ITK’s registration methods to exploit the parallel, computation power of multi-processor, shared-memory systems. Refactoring includes making the methods multi-threaded as well as optimizing the algorithms. API backward compatibility is being maintained. Helper classes that solve common registration tasks are also being developed.The refactoring has reduced computation times by factors of 2 to 200 for metrics, interpolators, and transforms computed on multi-processor systems. Extensive sets of tests are being developed to further test operation and backward compatibility.
z-domain model for discrete-time PLL's

The well-known s-domain model for continuous-time phase-locked loops (PLLs) is a fundamental tool for the linearized analysis of these systems. For PLLs with digital inputs and outputs, however, a discrete-time z-domain model more accurately describes loop behavior. In this study, a methodology is described for obtaining an accurate z-domain description of a discrete-time PLL. The modeling technique transforms portions of the s-domain PLL model directly into the z-domain, requiring only straightforward algebraic manipulations even for complex loop filters. This methodology is demonstrated for a simple loop filter, and measurements from the digital signaling interface integrated circuit are used to compare s-domain, z-domain, and time-step analysis results for a more complicated loop filter. The z-domain model, although only incrementally more complicated than the s-domain model, is shown to be more accurate, especially at higher jitter frequencies. >
Evaluation of physical fatigue based on motion analysis

Muscle fatigue refers to the transient decrease in the capacity to perform physical actions and can cause productivity loss, human errors, unsafe actions, injuries and work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). A total of 13 participants repetitively lifted a 2.5 kg load at a total elevation of 0.5 m, until voluntary exhaustion or intensive pain. Several indicators of muscle fatigue were found, including increased forward bending, micro expressions, changing load support strategy, holding load closer to the chest during elevation and increase in eccentric movement speed. Volunteers that practiced sports regularly lasted longer in the experiment and it was found that smoking and sedentarism limited the exercise capacity of some subjects. Volunteers increased the wrists and elbows velocity during the experiment. It was verified that half of the volunteers had less fluid movement during lifting, with higher acceleration values in some parts and lower values in others, translating into more impulsive movements. It was concluded that to compensate muscle fatigue, people adapt their working strategy, changing movement patterns, recruiting different muscles and changing kinetic or kinematic components of the movement (like joint angles and velocities).
COMPUTER ALGEBRA RELATED CONCEPTIONS AND MOTIVATIONS OF UNIVERSITY MATHEMATICS LECTURERS AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY

As a consequence of sizable investments in technology, Computer Algebra Systems are becoming more accessible and widely used in mathematics teaching and learning in universities. However, little is known about the factors influencing the integration of technology at the university-level. To better understand the affect of technology incorporation on mathematics education a number of school-level studies have focused on the relationships between teachers’ conceptions of mathematics, mathematics teaching, and technology as well as on various social and cultural factors. My study investigates the relationships of these factors at the university-level paying particular attention to cultural elements by taking an international comparative approach.
Business Application with SAP BI

Business intelligence systems based on SAP BI which is used by an enterprise is an effective option to inform and guide our decision making to keep our products and services competitive. SAP Netweaver Business Warehouse (SAP NetWeaver BW) is the name of the Business Intelligence, analytical, reporting and Data Warehousing solution produced by SAP AG. It was originally named SAP BIW (Business Information Warehouse), then abbreviated to SAP BW, but is now known as "SAP BI" at the end user level. In contrast, "BW" is still used to describe the underlying Data Warehouse Area and Accelerator components. It is often used by companies who run their business on SAP's operational