Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stable Phosphorus Passivated SiO2/4H-SiC Interface Using Thin Oxides

The NO (nitric oxide) passivation process for 4H-SiC MOSFETs (silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor filed effect transistors) effectively reduces the interface trap density and increases the inversion channel mobility from less that 10 to around 35cm2/V.s, only 5% of the bulk mobility. Recent results on the phosphorous passivation of the SiO2/4H-SiC interface have shown that it improves the mobility to about 90 cm2/V.s. Phosphorous passivation converts oxide (SiO2) into phosphosilicate glass (PSG) which is a polar material and results in device instabilities under abias-temperature stress (BTS) measurements. To limit the polarization effect, a new thin PSG process has been developed. The interface trap density of 4H-SiC-MOS capacitors using this process is as low as 3x1011cm-2 eV-1. BTS results on MOSFETs have shown that the thin PSG devices are as stable as NO passivated devices with mobility around 80 cm2/V.s.
Approaches for Loss-less Mapping from Relational Database to OWL Ontologies

As the semantic web is picking up fame, issues of incorporation of information from diverse sources to ontologies are likewise picking up investment of analysts. Social Databases are basically utilized for saving a lot of web information; in this way we mean to advance an immediate instrument or tool for Relational Databases to ontology transformation. Existing methodologies for RDB to ontology transformation have a few drawbacks. A portion of the methodologies are manual and require a ton of exertion for transformation. Some are programmed however they perform mappings at an extremely essential level. A percentage of the tools advanced thus are of exceptionally fundamental level, out-dated or not open. We give a study of some existing methodologies; assess them on some arrangement standard, and near the finale we infer future look into bearings in this area.
Research on condition monitoring system of high speed railway catenary based on image processing

A contactless detection method based on the image processing algorithm is proposed to detect the geometric parameters of catenary. Aiming at the other obstacles in the image, the image edge is detected and enhanced by Canny algorithm, then the catenary image is extracted gradually through target tracking, image segmentation and breakpoint continuation. The corresponding relationship between the coordinates of contact line feature point and the 3D space coordinates measured by the binocular triangulation method is established to get the conductor height and the stagger value. According to the relevant theory, a catenary condition monitoring system is designed, which realizes the working state monitoring and the dynamic measurement of geometrical parameters for catenary.
ON THE REGULARITY CONJECTURE FOR THE COHOMOLOGY OF FINITE GROUPS

Abstract Let $K$ be a field of characteristic $p$ and let $G$ be a finite group of order divisible by $p$. The regularity conjecture states that the Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity of the cohomology ring $H^*(G,K)$ is always equal to 0. We prove that if the regularity conjecture holds for a finite group $H$, then it holds for the wreath product $H\wr\mathbb{Z}/p$. As a corollary, we prove the regularity conjecture for the symmetric groups $\varSigma_n$. The significance of this is that it is the first set of examples for which the regularity conjecture has been checked, where the difference between the Krull dimension and the depth of the cohomology ring is large. If this difference is at most 2, the regularity conjecture is already known to hold by previous work. For more general wreath products, we have not managed to prove the regularity conjecture. Instead we prove a weaker statement: namely, that the dimensions of the cohomology groups are polynomial on residue classes (PORC) in the sense of Higman.
An assessment of stability and growth pact reform proposals in a small-scale macro framework

This paper contributes to the debate on fiscal governance for the European Monetary Union, assessing the different fiscal rules currently discussed. We simulate a small scale macroeconomic model with forward looking agents, augmented with a public finances block. We account for both the positive (output stabilization) and negative (via risk premia) effects of debt and deficit. By the appropriate choice of the exogenous fiscal variables, in the fiscal block, we replicate the working of the rules embedded in the socalled “fiscal compact”: a balanced budget rule (the “new golden rule”), and the debt reduction rule (to reach 60% of GDP in 20 years). We compare these rules with the Maastricht 3% deficit limit (status quo), and with an “investment” rule leaving room for public investment. We evaluate the performance in terms of output loss during a fiscal consolidation, as well as following demand and supply shocks in steady state. All rules guarantee long run sustainability. The investment rule emerges robustly as the one guaranteeing the lower output loss, followed by the status quo. The “fiscal compact” rules appear to be recessionary.
Application of surface analytical methods for hazardous situation in the Adriatic Sea: monitoring of organic matter dynamics and oil pollution

Abstract. Surface analytical methods are applied to examine the environmental status of seawaters. The present overview emphasizes advantages of combining surface analytical methods, applied to a hazardous situation in the Adriatic Sea, such as monitoring of the first aggregation phases of dissolved organic matter in order to potentially predict the massive mucilage formation and testing of oil spill cleanup. Such an approach, based on fast and direct characterization of organic matter and its high-resolution visualization, sets a continuous-scale description of organic matter from micro- to nanometre scales. Electrochemical method of chronoamperometry at the dropping mercury electrode meets the requirements for monitoring purposes due to the simple and fast analysis of a large number of natural seawater samples enabling simultaneous differentiation of organic constituents. In contrast, atomic force microscopy allows direct visualization of biotic and abiotic particles and provides an insight into structural organization of marine organic matter at micro- and nanometre scales. In the future, merging data at different spatial scales, taking into account experimental input on micrometre scale, observations on metre scale and modelling on kilometre scale, will be important for developing sophisticated technological platforms for knowledge transfer, reports and maps applicable for the marine environmental protection and management of the coastal area, especially for tourism, fishery and cruiser trafficking.
Establishment Size, Industry, and Wage Inequality: The Roles of Bonus and Rent Sharing

Establishment Size, Industry, and Wage Inequality: The Roles of Bonus and Rent Sharing Sang-yoon Song Department of Economics The Graduate School Seoul National University Despite the growing evidence on the relation between bonuses (or performance pay) and wage inequality, studies have focused on how bonuses influence wage inequality among jobs. This study provides new evidence on the large contribution of bonuses (i.e., performance pay and non-production pay) to wage inequality among employers via heterogeneous rent-sharing behaviors, focusing on industry affiliation and employer size. Using comprehensive Korean worker-level data, I first show that wage between-inequality at the industry-size level has substantially contributed to a growing wage inequality trend since 1994 even after controlling for observed and unobserved worker characteristics and factoring in sorting effects; this phenomenon is mainly due to the differences in bonuses between industry-size groups, while the effects of bonuses on within-inequality are limited. I then show the sources of the rising wage between-inequality in terms of firm-side
Analysis of super compact finite difference method and application to simulation of vortex–shock interaction

Turbulence and aeroacoustic noise high‐order accurate schemes are required, and preferred, for solving complex flow fields with multi‐scale structures. In this paper a super compact finite difference method (SCFDM) is presented, the accuracy is analysed and the method is compared with a sixth‐order traditional and compact finite difference approximation. The comparison shows that the sixth‐order accurate super compact method has higher resolving efficiency. The sixth‐order super compact method, with a three‐stage Runge–Kutta method for approximation of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations, is used to solve the complex flow structures induced by vortex–shock interactions. The basic nature of the near‐field sound generated by interaction is studied. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MAPPING AND GEOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHATTANOOGA SHALE AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE ROCK FOR KANSAS OIL by AUSTIN MCCOLLOCH

Organic-rich shales were deposited over a large part of what is now North America during the Late Devonian. The Devonian-Mississippian Chattanooga (Woodford) shale is known to be an important petroleum source rock in many intracratonic basins of the Midcontinent (Lambert, 1993). North America in the late Devonian was located in the tropics (Woodrow et al., 1973), possibly in low southerly latitudes (Heckel and Witzke, 1979; Witzke and Heckel, 1988; Streel et al., 1990). This environment creates an organic-rich shale that is an important source of hydrocarbons throughout the Midcontinent. Geochemical analysis of the Chattanooga shale using various techniques will provide additional information on oil-source rock correlations. This will provide insight on the potential of the Chattanooga Shale as a viable option for unconventional drilling. Handheld XRF analysis was conducted on well cuttings samples, Loss on Ignition was performed on a subset of those samples and mapping of the organic matter results of the two methods was completed. Handled XRF still has the prospect for providing quick analysis on organic matter to be used as a determination of the quality of source rock. Although slightly reduced correlation has been found within this study compared to Willey (2015), the method has still proven viable for fracking targets to be determined on site and in a more efficient manner. Loss on Ignition results have correlated with TOC data better then XRF results making this method the better option for evaluating source rock potential. Mapping of these results provide the first known source rock potential map across Kansas and can be used by the industry for future exploration.
Growth and financial reforms trajectory: an optimal matching sequence analysis approach

This paper makes two important , even if preliminary, methodological contributions to the financial reforms literature. The first contribution is that it introduces a new framework for the metric of sequence analysis, namely, Optimal Matching Sequence Analysis. The second is that it provides an innovative framework namely synthetic counterfactual approach for the assessment of the impact of financial reforms sequence. It shows that the trajectory of financial reforms followed by countries, affects the level and the volatility of GDP per capita growth.
The Molecular Characterization of a Predicted Glycosyltransferase from Lycopersicon esculentum

The synthesis of the plant cell wall is very complex, and understanding how this process occurs will lead to many benefits for future research and industries dependent upon cell walls for their products. The recent discovery of the functions of AtMUR3 and AtGT18 in Arabidopsis thaliana as xyloglucan galactosyltransferases has led to the identification of many more putative glycosyltransferases in the Arabidopsis genome. Due to the structural differences between the xyloglucans of Arabidopsis and solanaceous plants, we decided to search for putative arabinosyltransferases in the Solanaceae. Solanaceous xyloglucan is substituted by one to two arabinosyl residues at the second xylose position, and sometimes contains an arabinose at the first xylose position. In contrast, Arabidopsis xyloglucan does not contain arabinose, and is substituted by galactose at the second and third xylose position. Furthermore, the second galactose residue in Arabidopsis xyloglucan is usually fucosylated, a modification not found in solanaceous plants. Searching the database of expressed sequence tags (dbEST), we identified many likely glycosyltransferases in solanaceous plants, including tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). AtMUR3 and AtGT18 search queries resulted in the identification of three putative glycosyltransferases in L. esculentum, which were tentatively designated LeGT1, Le1GT18, and Le2GT18. Based on phylogenetic considerations, Le2GT18 was thought to be a putative arabinosyltransferase. The gene was transformed into atmur3-3 and atgt18 mutant plants, and the resulting plants will be screened for homozygous plants with the inserted gene. The homozygous T2 plants can then be screened for changes in the composition of their cell walls. Because Le2GT18 is
The flattening phenomenon in a seasonal variability analysis of the total nitrogen loads in river waters

Abstract This article shows the results of analyses conducted of the seasonal variability of nitrogen concentrations and loads, depending on plants growing season, this doesn’t seem to work, consider changing to something like ‘dependent upon the stage of the plant growing season,’ if that is what you mean as well as river flow and the precipitation levels in the basins of Middle Warta, Reda and Rega. The Macromodel DNS/SWAT, implemented for three basins, has been calibrated in calculations profiles of three river basins this is vague and unclear, the repetition of ‘three (river) basins’ is particularly confusing. The analysis confirmed the significant impact of cover crops on the retention of water and nutrients. The phenomenon of periodic decreases and stabilisation of nitrogen concentrations and loads in the surface waters flowing through the profiles of the enclosing water body was observed and analysed. The flattening phenomenon analysis of the phenomenon to me, the repetition of ‘phenomenon’ is confusing, you could clarify this by defining the second use of ‘phenomenon’ by, for example, inserting ‘of these decreases and stabilisation’ here can be used to assess the state of the ecosystem in the basin area.
a framework for automated similarity analysis of malware

Malware, a category of software including viruses, worms, and other malicious programs, is developed by hackers to damage, disrupt, or perform other harmful actions on data, computer systems and networks. Malware analysis, as an indispensable part of the work of IT security specialists, aims to gain an in-depth understanding of malware code. Manual analysis of malware is a very costly and time-consuming process. As more malware variants are evolved by hackers who occasionally use a copy-paste-modify programming style to accelerate the generation of large number of malware, the effort spent in analyzing similar pieces of malicious code has dramatically grown. One approach to remedy this situation is to automatically perform similarity analysis on malware samples and identify the functions they share in order to minimize duplicated effort in analyzing similar codes of malware variants. In this thesis, we present a framework to match cloned functions in a large chunk of malware samples. Firstly, the instructions of the functions to be analyzed are extracted from the disassembled malware binary code and then normalized. We propose a new similarity metric and use it to determine the pair-wise similarity among malware samples based on the calculated similarity of their functions. The developed tool also includes an API class recognizer designed to determine probable malicious operations that can be performed by malware functions. Furthermore, it allows us to visualize the relationship among functions inside malware codes and locate similar functions importing the same API class. We evaluate this framework on three malware datasets including metamorphic viruses created by malware generation tools, real-life malware variants in the wild, and two well-known botnet trojans. The obtained experimental results confirm that the proposed framework is effective in detecting similar malware code.
Application of Cuckoo Search Algorithm in Optimal Solution of Robot Inverse Kinematics

Forward kinematics and inverse kinematics are two aspects of the robot kinematics solution, and the optimization of the inverse kinematics of robots is the most important and difficult part of robot kinematics. Parameters for each link of the robot need to be identified according to the position and orientation in both of teaching programming and interpolation. In view of the fact that to obtain the analytic solutions of the inverse kinematics of robots must meet special conditions, this paper used a general solution, cuckoo search algorithm, to get the optimization of inverse kinematics without any of special conditions. Simulation results show that, the algorithm can be effectively applied to the robot inverse kinematics, and is able to achieve sufficient accuracy.
EFFECT ON CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF COLLAGEN FILM/FIBER COATED AZ31 MAGNESIUM ALLOY

Magnesium is actively investigated for biodegradable implant materials because of nontoxicity and similar mechanical properties of bone. The problem of biodegradable magnesium implant is its high corrosion rate in vivo. Magnesium might be corroded and lost mechanical integrity before new bone is regenerated. The corrosion behavior of magnesium and its alloys in electrolytic physiological environment is extremely poor and it is essential to improve this limitation for their use in orthopedic applications. This paper explored collagen film/fiber coating to increase corrosion resistance and improve biocompatibility of magnesium alloy stent. This study has successfully spun-coated collagen on the magnesium surface and corrosion inhibition properties were well characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical methods. DC polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show that corrosion rate of electrospun collagen coated magnesium is lower than the corrosion rate of dip-coated magnesium and blank magnesium.
Theoretical and experimental study of pendular regime in unsaturated granular media

This article addresses the experimental study of capillary bridge properties with the use of analytical calculation of bridge profile, based on solution of Young–Laplace equation. Using the measurements of some parameters as the contact angle, half-filling angle and the neck radius of the capillary bridge between two spherical particles of radius r, the shape of the bridge is estimated using theoretical solutions of Young–Laplace equation. The corresponding analytical solution is superposed and compared with image data.
Ice flow models and glacial erosion over multiple glacial–interglacial cycles

Abstract. Mountain topography is constructed through a variety of interacting processes. Over glaciological timescales, even simple representations of glacial-flow physics can reproduce many of the distinctive features formed through glacial erosion. However, detailed comparisons at orogen time and length scales hold potential for quantifying the influence of glacial physics in landscape evolution models. We present a comparison using two different numerical models for glacial flow over single and multiple glaciations, within a modified version of the ICE-Cascade landscape evolution model. This model calculates not only glaciological processes but also hillslope and fluvial erosion and sediment transport, isostasy, and temporally and spatially variable orographic precipitation. We compare the predicted erosion patterns using a modified SIA as well as a nested, 3-D Stokes flow model calculated using COMSOL Multiphysics. Both glacial-flow models predict different patterns in time-averaged erosion rates. However, these results are sensitive to the climate and the ice temperature. For warmer climates with more sliding, the higher-order model yields erosion rates that vary spatially and by almost an order of magnitude from those of the SIA model. As the erosion influences the basal topography and the ice deformation affects the ice thickness and extent, the higher-order glacial model can lead to variations in total ice-covered area that are greater than 30% those of the SIA model, again with larger differences for temperate ice. Over multiple glaciations and long timescales, these results suggest that higher-order glacial physics should be considered, particularly in temperate, mountainous settings.
Prioritizing-based Message Scheduling for Reliable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Ad Hoc Network

The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Ad hoc Network (UAANET) consists of multi UAVs through multi-hop wireless communication links, and it can execute missions more efficiently compared with the single UAV. Due to its dynamic topology, fast-moving velocity, and unstable radio channel quality, message delivery in UAANET often suffers from increased delays and packet loss. In particular, the command messages and the coordination messages are lost or significantly delayed, which results in uncontrolled UAV, failure of the task execution, or even the crash of UAANET. For the reliability and performance of UAANET, the message scheduling scheme should be taken into account. In this paper, we propose a Prioritizing-based Message Scheduling algorithm (PMS) to provide reliable transmission of command messages and coordination messages. The proposed algorithm assigns different priorities to the messages based on the content of messages and dynamic context factors, and then schedules the messages respectively. Simulation results verify that PMS can substantially increase the reliability of UAANET.
Propagation properties of photonic crystal fibers filled with nematic liquid crystals

The paper presents the latest experimental results on propagation properties of a photonic crystal fiber infilled with a nematic liquid crystal characterized by either extremely low (of the order of ~0.05) or relatively high (of the order of ~0.3) material birefringence. The nematic liquid crystal was introduced into the micro holes of the photonic crystal fiber by the capillary effect. Due to anisotropic properties of the obtained photonic liquid-crystal fiber, guiding mechanism that has to be attributed to the photonic band gap effect has been demonstrated.
Flying mirror model for interaction of a super-intense nonadiabatic laser pulse with a thin plasma layer: Dynamics of electrons in a linearly polarized external field

Interaction of a high-power laser pulse having a sharp front with a thin plasma layer is considered. General one-dimensional numerical-analytical model is elaborated, in which the plasma layer is represented as a large collection of electron sheets, and a radiation reaction force is derived analytically. Using this model, trajectories of the electrons of the plasma layer are calculated numerically and compared with the electron trajectories obtained in particle-in-cell simulations, and a good agreement is found. Two simplified analytical models are considered, in which only one electron sheet is used, and it moves transversely and longitudinally in the fields of an ion sheet and a laser pulse (longitudinal displacements along the laser beam axis can be considerably larger than the laser wavelength). In the model I, a radiation reaction is included self-consistently, while in the model II a radiation reaction force is omitted. For the two models, analytical solutions for the dynamical parameters of the ele.