Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical treatment of roughage

Chemical treatment of roughage has been the aim of studies for a long time. However, until nowadays, many questions are arisen due to the efficiency of additives used in relation to the variation of answers, either in nutritive value of treated roughage or in performance of animals feed with diet containing such roughage. This revision will approach the main and most used products, which are anhydrous ammonia, urea, sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide. It has been noticed that ammonization (both for anhydrous ammonia and urea) has presented more efficient result in animal's performance when compared with sodium hydroxide or calcium oxide. However, regarding its nutritive value, both sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide have presented a higher efficiency in the decreasing of cell wall and in the increase of treated roughage' digestibility.
Sudden Gains in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders

This study investigated the frequency, pattern, and predictors of sudden gains during CBT for eating disorders. Sudden gains were defined as stable and clinically significant symptom reductions occurring between two sessions of treatment (Tang & DeRubeis, 1999). Therapy sessions immediately prior to and following sudden gains were rated and compared to control sessions. Clients (62%) who experienced at least one sudden gain had better post-treatment outcomes. Three distinct types of sudden gains were investigated: total symptom, eating-related, and body-related sudden gains. Preceding the sudden gain, therapists demonstrated increased levels of cognitive interventions and empathy, and clients experienced more cognitive changes and motivation. Eating-related and body-related sudden gains occurred at different points during the course of treatment and were largely independent of one another. Client cognitive change and motivation were most predictive of sudden gains.
Graphene-based carbon materials for electrochemical energy storage

Because of their unique 2D structure and numerous fascinating properties, graphene-based materials have attracted particular attention for their potential applications in energy storage devices. In this review paper, we focus on the latest work regarding the development of electrode materials for batteries and supercapacitors from graphene and graphene-based carbon materials. To begin, the advantages of graphene as an electrode material and the existing problems facing its use in this application will be discussed. The next several sections deal with three different methods for improving the energy storage performance of graphene: the restacking of the nanosheets, the doping of graphene with other elements, and the creation of defects on graphene planes. State-of-the-art work is reviewed. Finally, the prospects and further developments in the field of graphene-based materials for electrochemical energy storage are discussed.
Validity of Telemetric-Derived Measures of Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a widely accepted indirect measure of autonomic function with widespread application across many settings. Although traditionally measured from the ‘gold standard’ criterion electrocardiography (ECG), the development of wireless telemetric heart rate monitors (HRMs) extends the scope of the HRV measurement. However, the validity of telemetric-derived data against the criterion ECG data is unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to systematically review the validity of telemetric HRM devices to detect inter-beat intervals and aberrant beats; and (b) to determine the accuracy of HRV parameters computed from HRM-derived inter-beat interval time series data against criterion ECG-derived data in healthy adults aged 19 to 62 yrs. A systematic review of research evidence was conducted. Four electronic databases were accessed to obtain relevant articles (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus. Articles published in English between 1996 and 2016 were eligible for inclusion. Outcome measures included temporal and power spectral indices (Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (1996). The review confirmed that modern HRMs (Polar® V800™ and Polar® RS800CX™) accurately detected inter-beat interval time-series data. The HRV parameters computed from the HRM-derived time series data were interchangeable with the ECG-derived data. The accuracy of the automatic in-built manufacturer error detection and the HRV algorithms were not established. Notwithstanding acknowledged limitations (a single reviewer, language bias, and the restricted selection of HRV parameters), we conclude that the modern Polar® HRMs offer a valid useful alternative to the ECG for the acquisition of inter-beat interval time series data, and the HRV parameters computed from Polar® HRM-derived inter-beat interval time series data accurately reflect ECG-derived HRV metrics, when inter-beat interval data are processed and analyzed using identical protocols, validated algorithms and software, particularly under controlled and stable conditions.
Development of specific simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for non-pollen type thermo-sensitive genic male sterile gene in rice ( Oryza sativa L.)

A key factor of two-line hybrid rice production is the development of thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) lines. In this study, a TGMS line showing non-pollen type thermo-sensitive genic male sterility was used. Crossing between TGMS line (female parent) and normal pollen varieties; CNT1 and PTT1 (male parent) were performed and F 1 and F 2 populations were develop for each crosses. The phenotypic segregation ratio, 3:1 (fertile: sterile pollens) observed in F 2 populations of TGMS/CNT1 and TGMS/PTT1 crosses confirmed that the non-pollen type thermo-sensitive genic male sterility is controlled by a single recessive gene. The bulk segregant analysis (BSA) using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were deployed to identify the location and genetic effect of this gene. We have generated new set of SSR markers to identify progenies carrying TGMS gene in a cross TGMS/PTT1. The TGMS gene was located on chromosome 2 with 0.0 cM distance from T2 marker. This TGMS gene was located in the same region of previous identified tmsX gene. It might be the same allele of this gene of 2 different lines. This marker could be used for marker assisted backcrossing to transfer TGMS gene for developing female parent in two line hybrid rice system. Key words: Hybrid rice, thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile, non-pollen type, molecular marker, marker assisted backcrossing.
Business Cycle Persistence in Developing Countries: How Successful is a DSGE Model with a Vertical Production Chain and Sticky Prices?

It is well documented that business cycles of developed countries are characterised by persistent output fluctuations, and this has been the subject of much theoretical interest. However, the case for developing countries has been somewhat neglected in the literature. This paper addresses this imbalance, revealing that whilst both developed and developing countries exhibit persistent output fluctuations, there is a significant positive relationship between output persistence and level of economic development. This relationship was successfully modelled using a vertical production chain DSGE model (Huang and Liu, 2001). This model lends itself to such an analysis, as by altering the number of production stages (N) it is possible to represent economies at different levels of development. However, calibration of low input-output (γ) parameter values for the US and UK effectively inhibited the model from generating enough persistence to match that observed in these countries. Nonetheless, after abstracting from the US and UK results, there was found to be a strong significant positive relationship between the magnitude of output persistence generated by the model and economic development. A final very significant finding of this analysis is that the model overestimates output persistence in high inflation countries and underestimates output persistence in low inflation countries. This has important implications not only for this model, but also for any economist attempting to construct a business cycle model capable of replicating the observed patterns of output persistence.
CMORPH: A Method that Produces Global Precipitation Estimates from Passive Microwave and Infrared Data at High Spatial and Temporal Resolution

Abstract A new technique is presented in which half-hourly global precipitation estimates derived from passive microwave satellite scans are propagated by motion vectors derived from geostationary satellite infrared data. The Climate Prediction Center morphing method (CMORPH) uses motion vectors derived from half-hourly interval geostationary satellite IR imagery to propagate the relatively high quality precipitation estimates derived from passive microwave data. In addition, the shape and intensity of the precipitation features are modified (morphed) during the time between microwave sensor scans by performing a time-weighted linear interpolation. This process yields spatially and temporally complete microwave-derived precipitation analyses, independent of the infrared temperature field. CMORPH showed substantial improvements over both simple averaging of the microwave estimates and over techniques that blend microwave and infrared information but that derive estimates of precipitation from infrared data.
Geometric quality of images: estimation of the MTF

The resolution is what characterize the capacity of an imaging system to describe how much details are visible in the image, depending on their size. Image quality is often characterized by well-known measures and criteria, usually linked with radiometry, like mean, contrast, brightness, noise variance, radiometric resolution or granularity. Only a few tools are available to characterize the spatial performance of an imaging device. Such a tool is proposed for the assessment of the MTF.
Nutritional and Micronutrient Status of Elderly People Living in a Rural Community of Bangladesh

Background: To assess the nutrition and micronutrient status of elderly population in the rural area of Bangladesh. Method: Healthy 44 elderly (≥ 60 years) and 88 middle aged (40–59 years) men and women were studied during April-September 2010. Their anthropometric status, micronutrient status and biochemical markers were assessed. Result: Mean body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, alanine transaminase (ALT), albumin, vitamin B12, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were significantly lower and serum creatinine, vitamin D and folate were significantly higher among elderly compared to that of middle aged population. However, uric acid (UA), calcium, zinc, and retinol were identical in both the groups. Individual being elderly, impacted on decreased level of hemoglobin (0.67 gm/dl), vitamin B12 (38.76 pmol/L), albumin (0.12 gm/dL), zinc (0.03 mg/L) and FBS (0.88 μmol/L) after adjusting for covariates. Conclusion: Elderly had compromised nutritional status with lower levels of hemoglobin, FBS, vitamin and micronutrient.
ASSET PRICING IN CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM THE SHANGHAI STOCK EXCHANGE

Capital market theory is concerned with the equilibrium relationship between risk and expected return on financial claims. Within this framework, this paper seeks to extend the mounting evidence against the view that the beta coefficient of the Capital Asset Pricing Model is the sole measure of risk. In this paper we test the multifactor approach to asset pricing in one of the most challenging international markets, the Shanghai Stock Exchange, China. Firstly, we seek to determine whether size and value premia exist in China. Secondly, we address the challenge that size and value premia are largely determined by seasonal factors (such as the January and/or Chinese New Year effect). Our findings suggest that mean-variance efficient investors in China can select some combination of small and low book-to-market equity firms in addition to the market portfolio to generate superior risk-adjusted returns. Moreover, we find no evidence to support the view that seasonal effects explain the findings of the multifactor model. In summary, we suggest the market factor alone is not sufficient to describe the cross-section of average stock returns in China.
Humour styles and their relationships with wellbeing and social support, and an introduction to reappraisal theory : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Psychology at Massey University

Humour can have both positive and negative effects on individuals, teams and organisations. Recent research has identified a humour styles model that separates humour usage into four psychological categories: self-enhancing humour, selfdefeating humour, affiliative humour and aggressive humour. This study replicates previously established bivariate relationships between the humour styles, social support, and wellbeing. Building on existing research, a multivariate framework is also investigated with each of the humour styles, looking at how social support factors into their relationship with wellbeing. Using a survey of 174 participants, two of the four humour styles were confirmed and support was found for the majority of the bivariate hypotheses, particularly regarding self-enhancing humour. Most significantly, both of the self-oriented humour styles were found to relate to wellbeing independently of social support. Implications of these findings are discussed for the workplace, with an emphasis on humour styles as an indicator of emotional wellbeing. It is suggested that the findings of this study support the theory of humour as a coping mechanism. Finally, as the existing theories of humour are argued to be insufficient, a contribution to the theoretical discussion of humour, introduced as reappraisal theory, is presented and discussed.
Development of mathematical model to predict vertical wicking behaviour. Part I: flow through yarn

Theoretical models have been proposed in this article (Parts I and II) to predict the vertical wicking behaviour of yarns and fabrics based on different fibre, yarn and fabric parameters. The first part of this article deals with the modelling of flow through yarn during vertical wicking, whereas the second part deals with the modelling of vertical wicking through the fabric. The yarn model has been developed based on the Laplace equation and the Hagen–Poiseuille’s equation on fluid flow; pore geometry has been determined as per the yarn structure. Factors such as fibre contact angle, number of filaments in a yarn, fibre denier, fibre cross‐sectional shape, yarn denier and twist level in the yarn have been taken into account for development of the model. Lambertw, a mathematical function, has been incorporated, which helps to predict vertical wicking height at any given time, considering the gravitational effects. Experimental verification of the model has been carried out using polyester yarns. The model was found to predict the wicking height with time through the yarns with reasonable accuracy. Based on the proposed yarn model, a mathematical model has been developed to predict the vertical wicking through plain woven fabric in the second part of this article.
Resource Management in Machine Scheduling Problems: A Survey

The paper is a survey devoted to job scheduling problems with resource allocation. We present the results available in the scientific literature for commonly used models of job processing times and job release dates, i.e., the models in which the job processing time or the job release date is given as a linear or convex function dependent on the amount of the additional resource allotted to the job. The scheduling models with resource dependent processing times or resource dependent release dates extend the classical scheduling models to reflect more precisely scheduling problems that appear in real life. Thus, in this paper we present the computational complexity results and solution algorithms that have been developed for this kind of problems.
Evaluating the Quality of Proposed Agile XScrum Model

The software companies are practicing XP and Scrum models from last several years. XP lacks in management practices whereas Scrum is weak in engineering practices. Due to continually promising need of agile development, this research tackles the problems of XP and Scrum by integrating them to enrich the strengths of XP and Scrum and suppress their limitations. The previous attempts provide little effective empirical evidence regarding the integration of XP and Scrum. Therefore, there is a pressing need to provide empirical evidence for the integration of XP and Scrum to show its usefulness developing the software projects. The same is accomplished by proposing XScrum model. Another goal of this paper is to analyze the quality of proposed XScrum with existing XP and Scrum. The proposed XScrum is validated by performing three case studies for three industrial projects and the results are described in the paper. The results are presented using quantitative and qualitative data. The results provide empirical evidence that there is a significant improvement in quality of proposed XScrum as compared to the existing XP and Scrum.
Electromagnetic Interference between Cranes and Broadcasting Antennas

An interesting phenomenon was noticed in some cases by workers operating with cranes in electromagnetic field of broadcasting antennas. They experienced electrical shock or burning pain at distances of kilometers away from powerful transmitters because cranes act as unintentional receiving antennas. The solution to this problem depends on dimensions and positioning of the crane structure, electromagnetic field strength at the site, frequency, and directional characteristic of the transmitting antenna. Electromagnetic interference between such structures is analyzed in this paper. Computational results for the induced currents and voltages in crane, treated as wire antenna problem, are determined using integrodifferential equations for the current along conductive structure, satisfying boundary condition for the electric field. Point matching method as the Method of Moments (MoM) is applied for solving these equations and polynomial approximation of the current is used. Results are presented for different crane structures and possible solutions to this problem are given.
Relationships between Sales Management Control, Territory Design, Salesforce Performance and Sales Organization Effectiveness

This research evaluates determinants of sales organization effectiveness in a sample of British companies, and contributes to an important new research stream by following recent empirical studies in the USA and Australia. We discuss a model of sales organization effectiveness determined by salesforce outcome performance and behavioural performance, as well as by the use of a behaviour-based control approach. Sales territory design is also considered as a particularly important managerial variable, which has received little analytical attention in the traditional literature, but which appears to be an important influence on the effectiveness of the sales operation. Our exploratory path analytical model suggests that sales territory design has a large effect on sales organization effectiveness both directly, and indirectly through its relationship with salesforce behavioural performance. These findings are somewhat different to those in similar studies in other countries, and suggest some important implications for managers as well as for researchers in this field.
Synthesis and Characterization of 2 , 5-Disubstituted-1 , 3 , 4-oxadiazoles as Potential Anti-in ß ammatory

In the family of heterocyclic compounds, nitrogen containing heterocycles with an oxygen atom are considered to be an important class of compounds in medicinal chemistry because of their interesting diversiÞ ed biological application. [1] During the past few years, considerable evidence has been accumulated that demonstrates the efÞ cacy of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles including antibacterial,[2] anti-inflammatory,[3] anti-malarial,[4] anti-tubercular,[5] anti-hypoglycemic,[6] anti-cancer,[7] anti-leishmanial,[8] antiviral,[9] anti-convulsant,[10] and insecticidal properties. [11] A survey of literature revealed that a slight modiÞ cation in the structure can result in qualitative as well as quantitative changes in the activity, which prompted us to undertake the synthesis of various new 2-aryl-5-substituted -1,3,4oxadiazole derivatives with the aim of having improved activity and lesser toxicity. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vivo anti-inß ammatory activity using a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method and the results are compared with the standard drug Diclofenac sodium.
Characterization of bottom ashes from coal pulverized power plants to determine their potential use feasibility

Coal ash from pulverized coal – fired power plants represents a big amount of total residues in many countries, especially when low quality carbon is used, producing not only lack of space but also important environmental and health problems. The ashes collected from pulverized coal – fired furnaces are fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) and they are produced due to an incomplete combustion of coal. FA constitutes around the 80 % of total ashes produced and it is composed of fine particles that remain in suspension in the air stream. BA constitutes around the 20 % of total ashes and it is composed of bigger particles, which drop, melt, conglomerate and vitrify in the bottom of the furnace [1-2]. Both kind of ashes contain trace metals which could be leached to water and damage the aquatic ecosystem [3]. In Europe, it was generated 41 million tonnes of coal ashes in 2009 and around half of them were landed into landfills [4]. Although around half of the total amount of FA generated in Europe is disposed in landfills or it is not used in high – value industrial products, there are some high – value applications to reuse this waste [1-2; 4]. The reutilization of FA as Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) in the construction industry is an example of high – value application utterly accepted [5] which enhances cement properties [6-7] and reduces both the amount of raw materials and the CO2 emitted when cement is manufactured. Contrary to FA, coal BA has not been seen as a high – value SCM in construction industry; BA has been disposed or used as low cost replacement for more expensive sand in the The disposal of coal by products represents environmental and economical problems around the world. Therefore, the reuse and valorisation of this waste has become an important issue in the last decades. While high-value construction products containing fly ash were developed and its use is actually totally accepted as an addition to cement, the use of the bottom ash as supplementary cementitious material has not been allow. This paper examines the chemical and physical properties of fly ashes and bottom ashes from two different coal power plants in order to compare them and analyse the potential feasibility of bottom ash as cement replacement. The mechanical properties of cement mortars made with different percentages of both ashes were also study. The results obtained showed similar chemical composition of both kinds of ashes. The compressive strength values of mortars with 10 % and 25 % of cement replacement (at 28 days) were above the limits established in European standards and there were not significant differences between fly ash and bottom ash from both origins.