Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Species Composition of Mosquitoes in Lahore, Pakistan

Background: Present study was conducted to determine species composition of mosquitoes (larvae, pupae and adults) collected from ten different towns of Lahore from September 2014 to August 2015. Methods: Mosquito larvae, pupae and adults (male and female) were collected by using dippers and aspirators from September 2014 to August 2015 in different sites of Lahore comprising of ten towns i.e. Iqbal, Aziz Bhatti, Data Ganj Baksh, Gulberg, Nishtar, Ravi, Samanabad, Shalimar, Wagah, and Lahore Cantonment. Mosquito larvae and adults were identified by standard entomological keys. Diversity, richness and rarity of mosquito fauna were analyzed by the Shannon, Simpson and Margalef indices respectively. Results: In this study, a total of 8656 mosquitoes belonging to four genera namely Anopheles, Culex, Aedes and Mansonia were identified. Among fifteen species collected, Cx. quinquefasciatus was the most abundant species in the city having 25.8% relative abundance. However An. culicifacies s.l. (sensu lato) was reported as the least abundant species with 0.22% relative abundance. The highest diversity of mosquitoes was shown in the month of August (H= 2.25) while the lowest diversity was recorded June (H= 1.43). Extensive sewage water supported the maximum abundance of Cx. quinquifasciatus in urban areas of this city. Conclusions: This study has significantly elaborated the monthly varying species composition of mosquito fauna of this city. Hence this research will help us to find out the control strategies of mosquito borne diseases in this region.
Within-Firm Wage Inequality and Corporate Innovation: Evidence from China’s Listed Firms

ABSTRACT Within-firm wage inequality, which individuals face daily, has largely been neglected by the literature on wage inequality. However, it may affect an individual’s incentive to work, resulting in an overall impact on a firm’s operation. This study discusses the effects of within-firm wage inequality on corporate innovation. Using data from Chinese firms listed over the period 2000–2015, we found that (1) within-firm wage inequality promotes innovation, (2) the use of two instrumental variables for our analysis confirms that the chain of causality goes from inequality to innovation, and (3) possible mechanisms are incentivizing managers to increase R&D inputs and using bank loans to finance innovation.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STUDENT’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE SHOPPING WITH MILLENNIALS

Purpose of the study: An increasing usage Web in India offers online purchasing opportunities and it has become a popular marketing channel. To open the way for the latest concept called mobile commerce, it created the other catch up. Generally buying intention, offline or online is highly influenced by customer attitude. In the context of mobile shopping, the aim of this present study continues to analyze the variables which influence the attitude of the student towards buying intention. Methodology: This work is quantitative and focused on primary data collected from an online survey from the young millionaire who is all Smartphone users. Based on TAM and UTAUT2 we adopted and modify the model and it was tested on the information set of 533 samples by smart PLS 2.0. Main Findings: The statistical results revealed which performance expectancy, Facilitating condition and social influence have a direct positive effect on attitude. Moreover, the attitude was positively related to Purchase intention among young millionaire. Finally, the research result is analyzed and discussed. Implications are highlighted for the current study and research along with limitations and directions for the future are pointed out. Applications of this study: This article includes particle mobile shopping in India, and it is will promote huge contributions in mobile commerce research. Novelty/Originality of this study: The existing studies survey indicates that a variety of variables were studied in the sense of millennials ' mobile shopping adoption and limited success has been published on these factors. Furthermore, the study has been done to examine millennial attitudes towards mobile shopping adoption and especially to study factors that can influence millennials' shopping attitudes through mobile internet.
What if AI Fails: Protection against Failure of AI-Based QoT Prediction

We propose and simulate a new mechanism to protect against the failure of AI-based QoT prediction by assigning OSNR margins for working lightpath using the AI-based prediction method and for protection lightpath using the traditional, conservative method. This guarantees reliability of lightpath services, while not significantly increasing network spectrum resources used.
Preparation of cyclodextrin-modified graphene oxide and its adsorption properties for Pb (II)

In this paper, the improved Hummers method was used to prepare graphene oxide (GO) and modified by cyclodextrin to prepare cyclodextrin-modified graphene oxide (CDGO) composites. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The adsorption properties of GO and CDGO for Pb2+ were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the number of functional groups of the modified material and the adsorption sites increased. The adsorption capacities of GO and CDGO for lead were respectively 86.47mg/g and 165.52mg/g, which were consistent with the quasi-secondary kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. CDGO showed better adsorption capacity.
One-Shot Parametric Audio Production Style Transfer with Application to Frequency Equalization

Audio production is a difficult process for many people], [and properly manipulating sound to achieve a certain effect is non-trivial. In this paper], [we present a method that facilitates this process by inferring appropriate audio effect parameters in order to make an input recording sound similar to an unrelated reference recording. We frame our work as a form of parametric style transfer that], [by design], [leverages existing audio production semantics and manipulation algorithms], [avoiding several issues that have plagued audio style transfer algorithms in the past. To demonstrate our approach], [we consider the task of controlling a parametric], [four-band infinite impulse response equalizer and show that we are able to predict the parameters necessary to transform the equalization style of one recording to another. The framework we present], [however], [is applicable to a wider range of parametric audio effects.
Adsorption and anti-corrosion characteristics of vanillin Schiff bases on mild steel in 1 M HCl: experimental and theoretical study

Herein, two Schiff base derivatives of vanillin and divanillin with 2-picolylamine, namely, 2-methoxy-4-((pyridin-2-ylmethylimino)methyl)phenol (compound A) and 3,3′-dimethoxy-5,5′-bis-((pyridin-2-ylmethylimino)methyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2,2′-diol (compound B), respectively, were synthesized. Additionally, their adsorption characteristics and corrosion inhibition behavior were compared for mild steel in 1 M HCl using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss methods. Compound B was found to impart a better anti-corrosive effect (around 95% inhibition efficiency at 313 K) than compound A. The inhibitors act as effective mixed-type inhibitors and exhibit Langmuir-type adsorption behaviour. The kinetic–thermodynamic parameters together with the data obtained from density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations illustrate the mechanism of corrosion and mode of adsorption of both inhibitors on the metal surface. The better corrosion mitigation propensity of the dimeric form of the inhibitor (compound B) over the monomeric form (compound A) was tested experimentally and explained according to the theoretical data.
Colonisation of chicken intestinal tract by Lactobacillus salivarius A23 strain

The ability of Lactobacillus salivarius A23 strain to colonise the intestinal tracts of chickens and to influence the indigenous microflora, was studied. The strain, different-ly administered to newly hatched chickens, was characterized by biochemical and genetic tests, in order to be identified among the intestinal microorganisms. 90% of isolates from crop and caecum content on a selective medium for L. salivarius A23 strain, showed the same characteristics displayed by the administered strain, as autoaggregation, adhesion to epithelia. plasmid and chromosome DNA profile, carbohydrate fermentation. SEM observations and microbiological analysis demonstrated that L. salivarius strain was able to colonise chicken crop and to adhere to epithelia. being predominant on the other bacterial groups; its presence was evidentiated also in caeca. Statistical correlation analysis, carried out on intestinal microflora interactions, permitted to conclude that L. salivarius A23 strain positively influenced lactobacilli and negatively coliform groups in crops, but not in caeca.
A review of the different approaches to predict the sound transmission loss of building partitions

The computation of sound transmission through solid structures has been of great interest since the first half of the 20th century. Several prediction methods can be found in the large body of literature, applicable to many kinds of structures, and derived using different approaches. This article presents a review of the most significant approaches to compute sound transmission through a building partition; it aims to provide an extensive update and critical literature review of the different approaches which can be used to compute sound transmission through a building partition. Different approaches, suitable for different kinds of building structures, based on analytical and semi-analytical solutions, wave-propagation, numerical or statistical energy analysis methods are described, highlighting advantages and drawbacks.
GaN HEMTs on Si With Regrown Contacts and Cutoff/Maximum Oscillation Frequencies of 250/204 GHz

This work demonstrates the high-frequency and high-power performance capacity of GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on Si substrates. Using a T-gate and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}^{++}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-GaN source/drain contacts, the InAlN/GaN HEMT with a gate length of 55 nm and a source-drain spacing of 175 nm shows a maximum drain current <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{{D,MAX}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 2.8 A/mm and a peak transconductance <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${g}_{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.66 S/mm. The same HEMT exhibits a forward-current-gain cutoff frequency <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 250 GHz and a maximum frequency of oscillation <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}_{{MAX}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 204 GHz. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{{D,MAX}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, peak <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${g}_{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}_{T} -{f}_{{MAX}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> product are among the best reported for GaN HEMTs on Si, which are very close to the state-of-the-art depletion-mode GaN HEMTs on SiC without a back barrier. Given the low cost of Si and the high compatibility with CMOS circuits, GaN HEMTs on Si prove to be particularly attractive for cost-sensitive applications.
Determination of Nevadensin in Fewflower Lysionotus Herb by Capillary Electrophoresis

This paper investigated the determination of nevadensin content in Fewflower Lysionotus Herb by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) method. The borax solution of 30 mmol concentration containing was chosen as buffer solution. The experiment was performed at a constant voltage of 16 kV and UV detection wavelength of 335 nm. The content of nevadensin content in Fewflower Lysionotus Herb was 2.818 mg/g(RSD=3.22%)(n=6). The recovery of nevadensin in Fewflower Lysionotus Herb sample was in the range of 88.1%-105.8% (n=5) This method is suitable for the detection of the content of nevadensin in Fewflower Lysionotus Herb.
Visualization of Mass Transfer Between Source and Seeping Water in a Variable Aperture Fracture—Impact of Tracer Density

Abstract An experiment with a vertical slot with horizontally seeping water with a dye diffusing from below was performed to help validate and visualize the Q-equivalent model, which describes the mass transfer rate from a source into flowing water, such as that in a repository for nuclear waste. The Q-equivalent model is used for quantifying mass transport in geological repositories. However, the tracer propagated much slower and to a lesser extent than predicted by the model. It was found that the tracer gave rise to a small density gradient that induced buoyancy-driven flow, overwhelming that driven by the horizontal hydraulic gradient. This dramatically changed the mass transfer from the dye source into the water in the slot. For the release of contaminants, this can have detrimental as well as beneficial effects, depending on whether positive or negative buoyancy is induced. These observations led to an analysis of when and how density differences in a repository can influence the release and further fate of escaping radionuclides in waste repositories. This and other experiments also showed that laboratory experiments aimed at visualizing flow and mass transfer processes in fractures could be very sensitive to the heating of the dye tracers by the lighting in the laboratory.
Recessions and Health: The Long‐Term Health Consequences of Responses to the Coronavirus

Abstract The lockdown measures that were implemented in the spring of 2020 to stop the spread of COVID‐19 are having a huge impact on economies in the UK and around the world. In addition to the direct impact of COVID‐19 on health, the following recession will have an impact on people's health outcomes. This paper reviews economic literature on the longer‐run health impacts of business‐cycle fluctuations and recessions. Previous studies show that an economic downturn, which affects people through increased unemployment, lower incomes and increased uncertainty, will have significant consequences on people's health outcomes both in the short and longer term. The health effects caused by these adverse macroeconomic conditions will be complex and will differ across generations, regions and socio‐economic groups. Groups that are vulnerable to poor health are likely to be hit hardest even if the crisis hit all individuals equally, and we already see that some groups such as young workers and women are worse hit by the recession than others. Government policies during and after the pandemic will play an important role in determining the eventual health consequences.
Plant-plant associations and population structure of four woody plant species in a patchy coastal vegetation of Southeastern Brazil

Este estudo examinou a estrutura populacional e as associacoes interespecificas entre jovens e adultos de quatro especies arbustivo-arboreas (Andira legalis (Vell.) Toledo, Clusia hilariana Schltdl. , Protium icicariba (DC.) Marchand and Vernonia crotonoides Sch. Bip. ex Baker) numa restinga composta por ilhas de vegetacao, no sudeste brasileiro. Foram encontradas 101 ilhas de vegetacao numa grade de 0,5 ha e estas foram divididas em duas distintas classes de tamanho, sendo que ilhas grandes (> 20 m2) contiveram a grande maioria dos individuos adultos das especies estudadas. As especies mais abundantes, P. icicariba (465 individuos) e C. hilariana (312), apresentaram evidencias de ativa regeneracao, enquanto para A. legalis (20) e V. crotonoides (338), esta e possivelmente intermitente ou eventual. Os nichos de regeneracao das quatro especies diferiram, assim como as estrategias de reproducao: por exemplo, 81% das plântulas de C. hilariana foram encontradas dentro de tanques de bromelias enquanto apenas 3% das plântulas de P. icicariba foram encontradas neste habitat. Adicionalmente, 28% dos regenerantes de C. hilariana apresentaram origem vegetativa em contraste com apenas 6% dos regenerantes de P. icicariba. Dentre as associacoes significativas encontradas neste estudo, todas foram positivas. Houve uma associacao positiva entre adultos de C. hilariana e P. icicariba, assim como entre adultos de C. hilariana e jovens de ambas especies. Isso sugere que P. icicariba se estabelece sob o dossel de C. hilariana e mostra a importância de C. hilariana ao gerar area com cobertura vegetal que sera posteriormente ocupada por outras especies lenhosas, o que parece ser um importante processo para a manutencao da diversidade de plantas nesta vegetacao de restinga.
Improving Code-mixed POS Tagging Using Code-mixed Embeddings

Social media data has become invaluable component of business analytics. A multitude of nuances of social media text make the job of conventional text analytical tools difficult. Code-mixing of text is a phenomenon prevalent among social media users, wherein words used are borrowed from multiple languages, though written in the commonly understood roman script. All the existing supervised learning methods for tasks such as Parts Of Speech (POS) tagging for code-mixed social media (CMSM) text typically depend on a large amount of training data. Preparation of such large training data is resource-intensive, requiring expertise in multiple languages. Though the preparation of small dataset is possible, the out of vocabulary (OOV) words pose major difficulty, while learning models from CMSM text as the number of different ways of writing non-native words in roman script is huge. POS tagging for code-mixed text is non-trivial, as tagging should deal with syntactic rules of multiple languages. The important research question addressed by this article is whether abundantly available unlabeled data can help in resolving the difficulties posed by code-mixed text for POS tagging. We develop an approach for scraping and building word embeddings for code-mixed text illustrating it for Bengali-English, Hindi-English, and Telugu-English code-mixing scenarios. We used a hierarchical deep recurrent neural network with linear-chain CRF layer on top of it to improve the performance of POS tagging in CMSM text by capturing contextual word features and character-sequence–based information. We prepared a labeled resource for POS tagging of CMSM text by correcting 19% of labels from an existing resource. A detailed analysis of the performance of our approach with varying levels of code-mixing is provided. The results indicate that the F1-score of our approach with custom embeddings is better than the CRF-based baseline by 5.81%, 5.69%, and 6.3% in Bengali, Hindi, and Telugu languages, respectively.
Sternoclavicular joint injections and their predictive value for the outcome of surgery

Background Sternoclavicular joint injections are one of the first-line treatment options for painful non-infectious pathologies of the sternoclavicular joint; however, their long-term effects and predictive value in decision-making for surgery are yet to be defined. Methods 27/32 Patients who received in total 36 computed tomography-guided sternoclavicular joint injections in 2012–2017 replied the questionnaire with a mean follow-up of 38 months after the first sternoclavicular joint injection. Of those patients, seven underwent subsequent surgery. We evaluated pain response after sternoclavicular joint injection and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons-score at later follow-up. Results Directly after sternoclavicular joint injection, pain decreased from Visual Analog Scale 5.3 ± 2.4 to 3.8 ± 3 (p = 0.001). In the seven patients who underwent surgery for degenerative changes, definitive outcome correlated with pain relief after the last infiltration (r = 0.86, p = 0.012). Also, the final American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons-score was lower in patients with multiple injections compared to those who were satisfied after the first injection (p = 0.019). Discussion Sternoclavicular injections are a useful tool in the context of degenerative sternoclavicular joint disorders as the amount of pain reduction is, in case the short-term effect is not long-lasting, at least a strong indicator for the future success of operative treatment.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of rice NLR genes responsive to the infections of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Magnaporthe oryzae

Background Nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes play a critical role in rice disease resistance. However, the transcriptional activities of rice NLR genes during pathogen invasions are still unclear.Results To uncover the veil, we identified a total of 430 regular rice NLR genes with both NBS and LRR domains, consisting of 192 CNL and 238 XNL (without a CC motif) members. We performed individual and integrative analyses based on 69 samples from rice microarray after the infections of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Magnaporthe oryzae (Mor). 397 NLR genes were found to be expressed at low/medium level, while 10 NLR genes were observed to show high levels of expression. 400 NLR genes were discovered to be differentially expressed in at least one sample. Further, 46 NLR genes were identified to be differentially expressed in rice response to the two pathogens and 38 of them could be validated by RNA-seq data. Six cis-regulatory elements (MYC, STRE, MYB, ABRE, G-box, and AS-1) were observed to occur frequently in the promoter regions of rice NLR genes. Ten NLR genes were selected for in lab analysis, and qRT-PCR results of seven NLR genes verified the validity of the microarray and RNA-Seq data.Conclusions Our results would shed new light on revealing the roles of NLR genes in rice resistance to Xoo and Mor.
A basal heat stress test to detect military operational readiness after a 14-day operational heat acclimatization period

ABSTRACT A basal heat stress test (HST) to predict the magnitude of adaptive responses during heat acclimatization (HA) would be highly useful for the armed forces. The aim was to identify physiological markers assessed during a HST (three 8-min running sets at 50% of the speed at VO2max) performed just before a 14-day HA period that would identify participants still at “risk” at the end of HA. Individuals that responded poorly (large increases in rectal temperature [Trec] and heart rate [HR]) during the initial HST were more likely to respond favorably to HA (large reductions in Trec and HR). However, they were also more likely to exhibit lower tolerance to HST at D15. Basal Trec was found to efficiently discriminate participants showing a Trec > 38.5°C after HA, who are considered to be “at risk”. Finally, participants were classified by quartiles based on basal Trec and HR at the end of the HST and physiological strain index (PSI). Most of the participants “at risk” were among the upper quartile (i.e. the least tolerant) of Trec and PSI (p = 0.011 for both). Overall, these results show that the individuals who are less tolerant to a basal HST are very likely to benefit the most from HA but they also remain less tolerant to heat at the end of HA than those who better tolerated the basal HST. A basal HST could therefore theoretically help the command to select the most-ready personnel in hot conditions while retaining those who are less tolerant 6.