Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coherence principles in interval‐based dose finding

This paper studies the notion of coherence in interval‐based dose‐finding methods. An incoherent decision is either (a) a recommendation to escalate the dose following an observed dose‐limiting toxicity or (b) a recommendation to deescalate the dose following a non–dose‐limiting toxicity. In a simulated example, we illustrate that the Bayesian optimal interval method and the Keyboard method are not coherent. We generated dose‐limiting toxicity outcomes under an assumed set of true probabilities for a trial of n=36 patients in cohorts of size 1, and we counted the number of incoherent dosing decisions that were made throughout this simulated trial. Each of the methods studied resulted in 13/36 (36%) incoherent decisions in the simulated trial. Additionally, for two different target dose‐limiting toxicity rates, 20% and 30%, and a sample size of n=30 patients, we randomly generated 100 dose‐toxicity curves and tabulated the number of incoherent decisions made by each method in 1000 simulated trials under each curve. For each method studied, the probability of incurring at least one incoherent decision during the conduct of a single trial is greater than 75%. Coherency is an important principle in the conduct of dose‐finding trials. Interval‐based methods violate this principle for cohorts of size 1 and require additional modifications to overcome this shortcoming. Researchers need to take a closer look at the dose assignment behavior of interval‐based methods when using them to plan dose‐finding studies.
Police Officer’s Commitment towards Community Policing in Malaysia: Instruments Development and Validation

While many researchers have shown that commitment to task is vital for the success of organizational goals. However, the question still remain to what extent can we measure commitment especially to strategy such as community policing within police organizations. Importantly, variations exist depending on societies and cultures. These factors may influence measurement and results. The study therefore set out to investigate factors that are related to commitment of police officers in Malaysia towards community policing using elements of the job characteristic model of community policing, in the end instrument was developend and validated reflecting Malaysian context using structural equation modeling. A total of 197 police officers were surveyed in the state of Malacca with a 45 item instrument developed. Findings indicated that all items (management support, job satisfaction, community support and co-worker support) pass the convergent validity (AVE= >0. 50). The reliability for each construct also passes the . 07 cronbach alpha. The above instrument has the ability to test the level of commitment within Malaysian context and can be applied in other context after confirming cultural variation.
A Frame Packing Framework for Control Systems

Ethernet has become more and more popular in the industrial world. The full duplex standard and the arrival of switches have made this protocol competitive for real-time purposes. In automation systems, a lot of energy is invested to integrate technologies using Ethernet into control systems. Since Ethernet frames have an important payload, and control signals a very small size, monopolizing an Ethernet frame for a single signal is quite inefficient. A solution to reduce this overhead is to allow sending several signals into the same Ethernet frame. This problem, close to the bin packing problem, is NP-hard. With signals having end-to-end deadlines to respect and different periods and release times, this problem becomes even more complex. We propose here to design a communication framework realizing such a frame packing. The challenge is to generate near-optimal solutions in terms of bandwidth utilization while meeting the different real-time constraints related to automation control systems.
Experimental and analytical application of the HODD method for the detection of damage

Detecting damage location and severity in civil engineering structures has become an important research topic in the past several decades. Various non-destructive damage identification methods using dynamic properties from ambient and forced vibration have been developed. Researchers have shown that higher order derivatives of mode shapes of the 2 and 4 order can be effective in detecting damage in civil engineering structures. Furthermore, these higher order derivatives are sensitive to small changes in global stiffness facilitating the detection of small degrees of damage. In this study a modal analysis is performed on analytical and experimental simply supported beams using the Higher Order Derivative Discontinuity method for damage detection. Analytical results from applying the HODD method validate the theory of using the sensitivity of higher order derivatives to detect damage. A multi-reference impact test was performed to obtain fundamental frequencies and their respective mode shapes. Inconclusive experimental results in detecting damage were obtained when applying the HODD method. Proposals for further research are presented before accepting the HODD method as a viable damage detection indicator in civil engineering structures.
Multi-factor Based Stock Price Prediction Using Hybrid Neural Networks with Attention Mechanism

The prediction of time series data, such as stock prices, is difficult since there exist many factors that affect the prediction model. Also, the influence of different factors on a stock price may be linear or nonlinear. The generation of good models for stock prices challenge the researchers in recent years. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a variation of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), which can capture temporal sequence and have gained great success on time series prediction. Also, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is superior for extracting features from multi-dimensional sequences. In this paper, we propose a CNN-LSTM hybrid neural network with multiple factors to predict stock prices. Moreover, we add an attention mechanism to improve the scalability and the accuracy of the CNN-LSTM model. In the experiments, we compare our proposed model with different approaches in two real stock datasets. The results confirm the efficiency and scalability of our proposed method.
IEEE Compliant Double-Precision FPU and 64-bit ALU with Variable Latency Integer Divider

Together the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and floating-point unit (FPU) perform all of the mathematical and logic operations of computer processors. Because they are used so prominently, they fall in the critical path of the central processing unit often becoming the bottleneck, or limiting factor for performance. As such, the design of a high-speed ALU and FPU is vital to creating a processor capable of performing up to the demanding standards of today's computer users. In this paper, both a 64-bit ALU and a 64-bit FPU are designed based on the reduced instruction set computer architecture. The ALU performs the four basic mathematical operations addition, subtraction, multiplication and division in both unsigned and two's complement format, basic logic operations and shifting. The division algorithm is a novel approach, using a comparison multiples based SRT divider to create a variable latency integer divider. The floating-point unit performs the double-precision floating-point operations add, subtract, multiply and divide, in accordance with the IEEE 754 standard for number representation and rounding. The ALU and FPU were implemented in VHDL, simulated in ModelSim, and constrained and synthesized using Synopsys Design Compiler (2006.06). They were synthesized using TSMC 0.13nm CMOS technology. The timing, power and area synthesis results were recorded, and, where applicable, compared to those of the corresponding DesignWare components. The ALU synthesis reported an area of 122,215 gates, a power of 384 mW, and a delay of 2.89 ns a frequency of 346 MHz. The FPU synthesis reported an area 84,440 gates, a delay of 2.82 ns and an operating frequency of 355 MHz. It has a maximum dynamic power of 153.9 mW.
Melting phase relation of Fe-bearing Phase D up to the uppermost lower mantle

Abstract Dense hydrous magnesium silicates (DHMSs) are considered important water carriers in the deep Earth. Due to the significant effect of Fe on the stability of DHMSs, Fe-bearing Phase D (PhD) deserves much attention. However, few experiments have been conducted to determine the stability of PhD in different bulk compositions. In this study, we provide experimental constraints for the stability of PhD in the AlOOH-FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1. 89O6H2.22 system between 18 and 25 GPa at 1000–1600 °C, corresponding to the P-T conditions of the mantle transition zone and uppermost lower mantle. Fe3+-bearing PhD was synthesized from the FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1. 89O6H2.22 binary system with two different Fe3+ contents. The resultant Al,Fe3+-bearing compositions are close to analog specimens of the fully oxidized mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and pyrolite in the AlOOH-FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1. 89O6H2.22 ternary system. The substitution mechanism of Fe is shown to be dependent on pressure, and Fe3+ occupies both Mg and Si sites in PhD at pressures below 21 GPa. In contrast, Fe3+ only occupies Si site at pressures exceeding 21 GPa. The presence of Fe3+ results in a slight reduction in the thermal stability field of PhD in the FeOOH-Mg1.11Si1. 89O6H2.22 system in comparison to Mg-bearing, Fe-free PhD. In contrast, Al,Fe3+-bearing PhD is more stable than Mg-bearing PhD in both MORB and pyrolite compositions. In this regard, Al,Fe3+-bearing PhD could act as a long-term water reservoir during subduction processes to the deep mantle.
Deep Learning in Product Manufacturing Record System

Abstract Deep learning based data analysis techniques are investigated in the context of product production record systems, using CNN, STACK LSTM, GRU, INCEPTION, ConvLSTM and CasualLSTM techniques to design network models and to study the processing of temporal data. Three network models are proposed for the problem of predicting the pass rate of upcoming product inspection records, namely CNN-STACK LSTM, INCEPTION-GRU and INCEPTION-Casual LSTM, and the structure of each network model follows the learning of local-global features. The experimental results show that the INCEPTION-GRU network model works best among the three models. Based on the prediction results, it is possible to correct in advance the operation of the shop technicians who do not regulate the debugging of the product, so that the initial production efficiency of the product can be improved.
Region Specific Amyloid-β Accumulation in Olfactory Sensory Neurons Influences Ecto-Ventral Olfactory Dysfunction in 5xFAD Mice

Background: Hyposmia in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a typical early symptom according to numerous previous clinical studies. Although the causes of damage have been proposed in every olfactory system including olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb and olfactory cortex, the main causes of AD- related hyposmia are largely unknown. Methods: We here focused on peripheral olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and delved deeper into the direct relationship between pathophysiological and behavioral results using odorants. We also histologically confirmed the pathological changes in three-month-old 5xFAD mouse models which recapitulates AD pathology. We introduced a numeric scale histologically to compare physiological phenomenon and local tissue lesions regardless of anatomical plane. Results: We observed the odorant group, which 5xFAD mouse could not detect, also neither did physiologically activate the OSNs that propagate to the ventral olfactory bulb. Interestingly, the amount of accumulated amyloid-β (Aβ) was high in the ecto-ventrally located OSNs that showed reduced responses to odorants. We also observed irreversible damage to the ecto-region of the olfactory epithelium by measuring impaired neuronal turnover ratio from the basal cells to the matured OSNs. Conclusions: Our results showed that partial and asymmetrical accumulation of Aβ coincided with physiologically and structurally damaged areas in the peripheral olfactory system, which evoked hyporeactivity to some odorants. Taken together, partial olfactory dysfunction closely-associated with peripheral OSN’s loss could be a leading cause of the AD-related hyposmia, a characteristic of early AD.
SINGLE POINT DIVERSION OF FREEWAY TRAFFIC

This paper discusses the development and application of diversion control policies for the routing of freeway traffic at a single point. Specifically, this class of policies can be used to allocate traffic flows over a two-roadway system during periods when traffic demands exceed some roadway capacities. Evaluation of these policies reveals a consistent reduction in roadway congestion, a reduction in motorist delay, and an improvement in overall system operation. The principal tool used for system evaluation was the Sperry traffic analysis and research simulation program. This macroscopic freeway simulation is based on a hydrodynamic traffic flow model. The resulting optimized policies have been incorporated into the design for a practical real-time alternate routing system by Sperry Systems Management. /Author/
Managing Index Repartitioning

Careful architectural decisions are required in order to create a highly available and scalable search system. This requires an in-depth analysis and understanding of the architecture and context of each deployment. Different requirements placed upon the system by different deployments mean different solutions provide the best case by case result, thus benchmarks provide an invaluable source of information. This thesis provides an overview of common components and important aspects of a distributed search system. It then gives an overview of different partitioning techniques before going into the details of repartitioning and rebalancing in a document-partitioned full-text search system. A processing framework that draws inspiration from flow-based programming literature is introduced, which is shown a valuable tool in creating custom tailored search solutions. The implementation is used to benchmark different repartitioning and rebalancing strategies. In conclusion, the techniques mentioned in the thesis show great promise in creating custom, maintainable and flexible partitions. The processing framework enables each specific deployment to easily compare different partitioning schemes and associated manageability and maintenance costs to determine the best fit for any given situation.
Gate Drives generating EMI in the absence of Power Converter loading

This paper shows how a power converter can generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) through the operation of gate drives only - in the absence of any power conversion. This is due to parasitic capacitances connecting the power semiconductor’s gate to the main circuit. A half bridge converter is used to illustrate this concept. Practical measurements are compared to simulations for an energized and non-energized converter. Even without loading, a converter can exceed regulatory conducted emission EMI limits. This effect is important to consider during the design of converter EMI mitigation - especially for low power converters where the load current is not dominant.
A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE OF FULL SCALE TESTS ON SAFETY BARRIERS AND KERBS

About 400 full scale tests on safety barriers and kerbs conducted in the United States, England and Europe are summarised and listed in this report. The performance of the barrier systems was examined and the better systems noted. No formed recommendations are made as to which barrier system should be used at a particular location, as it is considered that field experience, accident records, as well as full scale tests, are needed to fully appraise a system.
METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING URBAN ROADWAY SYSTEM CONGESTION

The major urban areas in Texas have experienced a period of unprecedented growth. Along with that growth came significant increases in traffic congestion with corresponding declines in urban mobility. A procedure was developed to estimate the relative traffic congestion levels on urban-area roadway systems. The data elements of the methodology are available from planning agencies and are based on an urban-area designation rather than specific political boundaries. The methodology can be utilized by agencies in urban areas that rely on the freeway and street system to provide person movement. The methodology was illustrated using 1975-1984 data from Austin, Corpus Christi, Dallas, El Paso, Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio. An estimate of the number of years before congestion reaches an undesirable level was generated for each major urban area.
Simultaneous optimization of offsets, splits, and cycle time

Setting traffic signals in an urban street network involves the determination of cycle time, splits of green time, and offsets. All existing methods use a sequential procedure for calculating the traffic control variables. A common cycle time is established first, then green splits are calculated for each intersection, and, finally, offsets among the signals are determined. Because these three computation stages are not really independent, the results are often not optimal. This paper describes a new computer method, mixed-integer traffic optimization, designed to optimize simultaneously all the traffic control variables of the network. The method has been programmed in conjunction with the mixed- integer routine of IBM's MPSX optimization system and thus provides a globally optimal procedure. It was applied to several traffic signal networks and is shown to offer certain advantages over existing methods. An example is presented in the paper to illustrate the input requirements, output format, and application of the program.
ACVR1 Function in Health and Disease

Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1) encodes for a bone morphogenetic protein type I receptor of the TGFβ receptor superfamily. It is involved in a wide variety of biological processes, including bone, heart, cartilage, nervous, and reproductive system development and regulation. Moreover, ACVR1 has been extensively studied for its causal role in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a rare genetic disorder characterised by progressive heterotopic ossification. ACVR1 is linked to different pathologies, including cardiac malformations and alterations in the reproductive system. More recently, ACVR1 has been experimentally validated as a cancer driver gene in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a malignant childhood brainstem glioma, and its function is being studied in other cancer types. Here, we review ACVR1 receptor function and signalling in physiological and pathological processes and its regulation according to cell type and mutational status. Learning from different functions and alterations linked to ACVR1 is a key step in the development of interdisciplinary research towards the identification of novel treatments for these pathologies.
Does Industry Specialist Auditor Provide More Insights in Their audit report? An Empirical Study of Key Audit Matters Section

Abstract In 2015, International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) released new International Standards on Auditing 701 and required auditors to disclose key audit matters (KAM) in the audit report. Similar standards were also released in the United States in 2017 and the United Kingdom and Ireland Financial Reporting Council (FRC) in 2014. As KAM are expected to inform on matters of the greatest significance during an audit, before exploring the question regarding whether investors will obtain useful information from additional matter disclosures, the anterior consideration may be in regard to how audit quality affects the disclosure quality of KAM. This study use hand-collected data of the KAM disclosed in the audit reports of Taiwanese listed companies in 2016 to explore the association between auditor industry specialization and audit quality by the disclosure of KAM in new audit reports. The empirical results show that the association between the industrial specialist audit partner and the measurement of KAM quality is significantly positively related. The findings support our hypothesis that specialist auditors’ KAM are more informative than those issued by non-specialist auditors, and provide new evidence supporting prior studies about the superior auditing ability and disclosure quality of auditor industry specialist. Keywords: Key Audit Matters, KAM, International Standards on Auditing 701, International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board.
Multi-objective vehicle routing problem with time windows: Improving customer satisfaction by considering gap time

The vehicle routing problem with time windows is a combinatorial optimisation problem in distribution logistics. It has been infrequently measured as a multi-objective optimisation problem for the benefit of customers. For the purposes of this research, the measurement of multi-objective vehicle routing problem with time windows will be in terms of a minimisation of the total distance travelled by all vehicles, the total number of vehicles used (management beneficial objectives) and the total gap between ready time and issuing time (customer beneficial objective). It is possible to satisfy customers by issuing the goods as close as possible to the customer ready time. This is because possibilities for going out of stock during the above said time gap (by chance of improper inventory maintenance) are reduced with a minimised total time gap, which in turn increases the sales orders for the manufacturing management. An improved genetic algorithm, called the fitness aggregated genetic algorithm, has been implemented to resolve the problem. The proposed algorithm incorporates a fitness aggregation approach and dedicated operators, such as selection based on aggregate fitness value and best cost route crossover, to resolve the multi-objective problem. The algorithm was validated on Solomon’s bi-objective benchmark models for the minimisation of the total distance travelled and total number of vehicles used, and the results formed by proposed algorithm are competitive to best known results. After validating the proposed algorithm on bi-objective models, the third objective – namely, the total time gap between ready time and issuing time – is included in the bi-objective model. The results show that the suggested algorithm creates improved customer-satisfied routes without drastically affecting the total distance travelled and total number of vehicles used.
Experimental and finite element study of the design parameters of an aluminum baseball bat

OF A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LOWELL 2004 Thesis Supervisor: James A Sherwood, PhD, P.E. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering