Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gravitational waves from black hole collisions via an eclectic approach

We present the first results in a new program intended to make the best use of all available technologies to provide an effective understanding of waves from inspiralling black hole binaries in time to assist imminent observations. In particular, we address the problem of combining the close-limit approximation describing ringing black holes and full numerical relativity, required for essentially nonlinear interactions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using general methods for a model problem, the head-on collision of black holes. Our method allows a more direct physical understanding of these collisions indicating clearly when non-linear methods are important. The success of this method supports our expectation that this unified approach will be able to provide relevant results for black hole binaries in time to assist gravitational wave observations.
A universal algorithm for sensorless collision detection of robot actuator faults

When a robot is working properly, it is possible to collide with people or objects entering its working space. This research is different than usual control algorithm. It proposes a universal algorithm for sensorless collision detection of robot actuator faults to enhance the security of the robot. On the basis of the dynamic model, a classical friction model to ensure the accuracy of the whole dynamic model is introduced. This collision detection algorithm can conduct without any external sensors or acceleration and realize the real-time detection just needs to measure the motor current and the location information from the encoder of the robot joint. The value of external torque τext was used to compare with the threshold to detect the collision. After using the proposed collision detection method, the two rotational (2R) planar manipulators can detect the slight collision reliably. The experimental results and performance comparisons show that this sensorless collision detection algorithm is simple and effective. It can be promoted to any other type of robot arm with more degrees of freedom.
Capacitive Power Transfer Through Rotational and Sliding Bearings

Throughout the history of electrification, applications have existed for the transmission of electrical energy from stationary sources to moving loads. Electrical equipment which is expected to move along tracks, or in cyclical, pivoting, or rotational patterns of motion often requires externally-supplied electrical power to operate. Various techniques have been used with success in the past such as brushes with sliding contacts [1], cable connections (when practical), and various inductive and capacitive contactless power transfer strategies [2],[3],[4],[5]; however, each has its own limitations in longevity and/or complexity. Applications for power transfer to moving loads proliferate in the automotive and traction industries, as well as automation and manufacturing. Both of these categories have strict requirements on reliability. Failure in operation can be hazardous to human life and property in the case of transportation and heavy equipment traction. In the case of manufacturing, the reliability requirement is justified by the large opportunity cost incurred by machine down time. The following is a proposition for a technology which is well suited for many key modern applications. Using the nanofarad-scale capacitance already present in a variety of rotational and linear journal bearings, along with a simple soft-switching high frequency power converter circuit, power levels in the 10 2 -10 3 watt range have successfully been transferred capacitively from stationary power sources to moving loads. This capacitive power transfer strategy opens up the opportunity for dual utilization of bearings, as mechanical support members and power transfer mechanisms. Background theory and experimental results are discussed for both rotary and linear power transfer through commercially available plain journal bearings. Power transfer at 600 watts is demonstrated through a pair of rotational hydrodynamic journal bearings; 111 watts through off-the-shelf linear plain bearings sliding on anodized aluminum shafting.
Multilevel PWM: A Tool to Explore Insulation PD Characteristics

The benefits of employing multilevel pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) waveforms for diagnostic purposes compared to sinusoidal- and square-shaped voltages are presented in this paper. Examples on how the high voltage circuits are designed to enable these studies, as well as results, are discussed. To demonstrate the approach, it is investigated what influence the choice of PWM levels has on the partial discharge (PD) characteristics for two similar wire specimens insulated by different materials. Here, to resemble a motor winding, two different twisted pair test objects insulated by either pure polyamide-imid (PAI) material or with added conductive Cr2O3 material were exposed to voltages with ultrashort rise times. The test objects were fed from either two-, three-, five-, or seven-level inverter waveforms of similar shape as in actual applications. To compare the performances, measurements of the PD characteristics were conducted. Specifically, the total number of PDs, as well as their average maximum amplitude per cycle, was obtained together with the phase-resolved PD pattern for each case. The experimental results presented in this paper show that the total peak and summed PD magnitude (exposure) drop considerably more for the Cr2O3 insulation compared to PAI when applying a five-level or higher level inverter. This reduction is more significant for the insulation with added Cr2O3 material and the usage of higher inverter levels reveals this. As more information can be obtained using higher inverter levels, the evaluation of new material constitutions is preferably done utilizing at least a three-level inverter or higher.
World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues Determining candidate teachers’ tendency to the use of technology

This study aimed to determine candidate teachers’ tendency to the use of technology. A total of 293 candidate teachers participated in this study in which a quantitative method was used. The findings obtained from the research indicated that the candidate teachers’ tendency to the use of technology was high. Another finding in a different research revealed that sex and the departments the candidate teachers studying in did not indicate any significant difference related to the use of technology. However, their level of age showed a significant difference in their behavioral tendency to the use of technology.
INVESTIGATING GAME DEVELOPERS’ GUILT EMOTIONS USING SENTIMENT ANALYSIS

Game Development is one of the most important emerging fields in software engineering era. Game addiction is the nowadays disease which is combined with playing computer and videogames. Shame is a negative feeling about self evaluationas well as guilt that is considered as a negative evaluation of the transgressing behaviour, both are associated withadaptive and concealing responses. Sentiment analysis demonstrates a huge progression towards the understanding of web users’ opinions. In this paper, the sentiments of game developers are examined to measure their guilt’s emotions when working in this career. The sentiment analysis model is implementedthrough the following steps: sentiment collector, sentiment pre-processing, and then machine learning methods were used. The model classifies sentiments into guilt or no guilt and is trained with 1000 Reddit website sentiment. Results have shown that Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach is more accurate incomparison to Naive Bayes (NV) and Decision Tree.
Cultivation of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (jacq.) p. kumm.) in two different agro-ecological zones of Pakistan.

The current study describes the possibility of small-scale production facility for Pleurotus ostreatus under two different agro-ecological regions (Peshawar and Swat of Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa of Pakistan). Different growth parameters such as spawn running time, number of crops, stalk height, stalk diameter, cap size, fresh weight, number of production days and the interval in days between the time of bag opening and the time of starting fruiting bodies formation have shown promising results in both areas. Mean comparison of the two locations indicated that, 4 of the 7 parameters including stalk height, stalk diameter, cap size and fresh weight had greater values at Peshawar when compared with Swat. In contrast, the spawn running time, that is, mycelium growth took much longer time (84 days) at Swat compared with Peshawar (44 days). Formation of fruiting bodies at Swat was found later (7 days) than that of Peshawar (4 days). Similarly, the production period (70 days) at Swat exhibited much longer in contrast to Peshawar (49 days). The study concluded that mild winter temperatures of Peshawar region and low summer temperatures in Swat were found most conducive times of the year for growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus . Keywords: Pleurotus ostreatus , agro-ecological zones, growth parameters, productions
Beyond y and μ: the shape of the CMB spectral distortions in the intermediate epoch, 1.5 × 104≲z≲2 × 105

We calculate numerical solutions and analytic approximations for the intermediate-type spectral distortions. Detection of a μ-type distortion (saturated comptonization) in the CMB will constrain the time of energy injection to be at a redshift 2 × 106≳z≳2 × 105, while a detection of a y-type distortion (minimal comptonization) will mean that there was heating of CMB at redshift z≲1.5 × 104. We point out that the partially comptonized spectral distortions, generated in the redshift range 1.5 × 104≲z≲2 × 105, are much richer in information than the pure y and μ-type distortions. The spectrum created during this period is intermediate between y and μ-type distortions and depends sensitively on the redshift of energy injection. These intermediate-type distortions cannot be mimicked by a mixture of y and μ-type distortions at all frequencies and vice versa. The measurement of these intermediate-type CMB spectral distortions has the possibility to constrain precisely not only the amount of energy release in the early Universe but also the mechanism, for example, particle annihilation and Silk damping can be distinguished from particle decay. The intermediate-type distortion templates and software code using these templates to calculate the CMB spectral distortions for user-defined energy injection rate is made publicly available.
Coherent combination of laser radiations and fringe contrast ratios on far field patterns

Fourier optics method has been used to study the far field of coherently combined laser beams. And an explicit expression of the far field has been derived for the case when emitters are positioned on apexes of multiple regular polygons with a common center. The statistical influence of the relative phases between constituent waves has been investigated and an expression for the fringes contrast ratio has been deduced with the aid of Ergodic hypothesis.
Parametric Study of Raised-Floor Data Centres to Improve the Cooling Efficiency

Advancement in IT technology and the increasing demand in the information and storage requirements have led to the increase of hardware densities, causing a significant cooling challenge in a data centre operation. Establishing the temperature and airflow pattern for a typical data centre with hot and cold aisles is essential for the thermal management. In this study, thermal analysis of a raised- floor data centre was evaluated for which the numerical modeling was performed with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Factors that contribute to an ideal data centre design were studied. To further understand the capability of each design, some investigations were conducted separately to observe their individual impacts on the overall data centre performance. To accomplish this, a self-customized data centre was constructed as a main domain where all investigations will be performed. Various design solutions to reduce the energy consumption and cost in the data centre were proposed based on the findings obtained from all investigations.
Hyperfine Interaction, Zeeman and Stark Effects for Excited States in Cesium

Our previous measurements in the P and D series in 133Cs have been extended to a number of higher lying levels, populated in a two-step excitation process involving an rf lamp and a CW dye laser. The D states were studied with the level-crossing technique, while the optical-double-resonance method was used for the investigation of the P states. For the magnetic dipole interaction constant a, the Landé gJ factor, and the tensor polarizability α2 we obtain 12 2P3/2: a = 1.10(3) MHz, gJ = 1.3340(15) 13 2P3/2: a = 0.77(5) MHz, gJ = 1.3337(20) 7 2D3/2: |a| = 7.4(2) MHz 14 2D3/2: |a| = 0.425(7) MHz 15 2D3/2: |a| = 0.325(8) MHz 16 2D3/2: |a| = 0.255(12) MHz 17 2D3/2: |a| = 0.190(12) MHz 18 2D3/2: |a| = 0.160(10) MHz 13 2D5/2: α2 = 19(1) GHz/(kV/cm)2 14 2D5/2: α2 = 37(2) GHz/(kV/cm)2 15 2D5/2: α2 = 70(4) GHz/(kV/cm)2 16 2D5/2: α2 = 120(6) GHz/(kV/cm)2 17 2D5/2: α2 = 199(10) GHz/(kV/cm)2 18 2D5/2: α2 = 323(16) GHz/(kV/cm)2 Ab initio calculations of many-body perturbation type, including polarization effects to all orders, have been performed in order to obtain theoretical values of the hyperfine structure constants. The resulting a factors are listed together with the corresponding experimental values for most S, P, and D states in 133Cs measured so far. The discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical values is mainly due to the omission of the correlation effect, which is essentially as important as the polarization effect. Still, for the D states the polarization effect is large enough to yield negative values for all the 2D5/2 states, which is in accordance with the experimental results. Semiempirical values of the a factors have also been obtained using the Fermi-Segré-Goudsmit formula, and the results are compared with the experimental values. The measured values of α2 agree well with values calculated with the Coulomb approximation due to Bates and Damgaard.
DIRECTIONAL WEIGHTED MEDIAN BASED FUZZY FILTER FOR RANDOM-V ALUED IMPULSE NOISE REMOV AL

Paper presents directional weighted median base fuzzylter for random- valued impulse noise removal. In order to detect noise efficiently a fuzzy noise de- tection process is used whereas noise removal is performed by the directional weighted median based fuzzyltering process. Proposed technique is compared with existing tech- niques based on peak-signal-to-n oise-ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index mea- sure (SSIM). Simulations show that the noise removal capability of the proposed technique is much better than the existing techniques.
Dielectric properties of female human breast tissue measured in vitro at 3.2 GHz

Complex permittivities of in vitro diseased and undiseased human female breast tissues have been measured at 3.2 GHz using a resonant cavity technique. Experimental data are compared with models predicted from mixture equations. Measured permittivity data lie within limits set by two-phase mixture theory, but some conductivity data are in excess of those expected. At any particular microwave frequency in all tissue of a given type, the relationship between permittivity and conductivity may be parameterized using the Debye relaxation equations. It is concluded that the dielectric relaxation of tissue water is not the only dispersive process occurring at this frequency: dielectric relaxation of bound water and the tail end of a beta -dispersion may also contribute to the dielectric properties. The similarity of the dielectric properties of benign and malignant breast tumours measured suggest that in vivo dielectric imaging methods will not be capable of distinguishing them.
EBOC: Ensemble-Based Ordinal Classification in Transportation

Learning the latent patterns of historical data in an efficient way to model the behaviour of a system is a major need for making right decisions. For this purpose, machine learning solution has already begun its promising marks in transportation as well as in many areas such as marketing, finance, education, and health. However, many classification algorithms in the literature assume that the target attribute values in the datasets are unordered, so they lose inherent order between the class values. To overcome the problem, this study proposes a novel ensemble-based ordinal classification (EBOC) approach which suggests bagging and boosting (AdaBoost algorithm) methods as a solution for ordinal classification problem in transportation sector. This article also compares the proposed EBOC approach with ordinal class classifier and traditional tree-based classification algorithms (i.e., C4.5 decision tree, RandomTree, and REPTree) in terms of accuracy. The results indicate that the proposed EBOC approach achieves better classification performance than the conventional solutions.
On Modelling Wind-Farm Wake Turbulence Autospectra and Coherence from a Database

This study addresses the feasibility of modeling wind-farm wake-turbulence autospectra and coherences from a database: flow velocity points from experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigations. Specifically, it first applies an earlier-exercised framework to construct the autospectral models from a database and then it adopts a recently proposed framework to construct the coherence models from a database. While this proposed framework has not been tested against a database, the methodology has been completely formulated with a theoretical basis. These models of autospectrum and coherence are interpretive, and in closed form. Both frameworks basically involve the perturbation series expansion of the autospectra and coherences. The framework for modeling autospectra is tested against a demanding database of wake turbulence inside a wind farm over a complex terrain from a full-scale test. The suitability of these autospectral models for simulation through white-noise driven filters is also demonstrated. Finally, coherence models are generated for assumed values of the perturbation series constants, and these coherence models are used to demonstrate how the coherence models of homogeneous isotropic turbulence deviate from the coherence models of non-homogeneous non-isotropic turbulence such as wind-farm wake turbulence. This feasibility of extracting both the one-point statistics of autospectral models and the two-point statistics of coherence models from a database represents a research avenue that is new and promising in the treatment of wind-farm wake turbulence. This paper also demonstrates the feasibility of fruitfully exploiting the wake treatment methods developed in other fields.
Homoclinic orbits of invertible maps

In this paper, we present a systematic method for finding all homoclinic orbits of invertible maps in any finite dimension. One advantage of this method is that it can also be used to order and classify all the homoclinic orbits, using symbolic dynamics, if a certain criterion is satisfied. We also present a more direct scheme, which quickly locates homoclinic orbits without, however, being able to order and classify them. Our work represents an extension of a method introduced in an earlier paper, with which one could only find homoclinic orbits possessing a certain symmetry. Thus, asymmetric homoclinic orbits can now be as easily computed. One application of our results is the explicit construction of breather (and multibreather) solutions of a class of one-dimensional nonlinear lattices.
Monitor unit calculation for an intensity modulated photon field by a simple scatter-summation algorithm

An important issue in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is the verification of the monitor unit (MU) calculation of the planning system using an independent procedure. Because of the intensity modulation and the dynamic nature of the delivery process, the problem becomes much more involved than that in conventional radiation therapy. In this work, a closed formula for MU calculation is derived. The approach is independent of the specific form of leaf sequence algorithms. It is straightforward to implement the procedure using a simple computer program. The approach is illustrated by a simplified example and is demonstrated by a few CORVUS (NOMOS Corporation, Sewickley, PA) treatment plans. The results indicate that it is robust and suitable for IMRT MU verification.
Dark radiation and dark matter in supersymmetric axion models with high reheating temperature

Recent studies of the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) show trends towards extra radiation. Within the framework of supersymmetric hadronic axion models, we explore two high-reheating-temperature scenarios that can explain consistently extra radiation and cold dark matter (CDM), with the latter residing either in gravitinos or in axions. In the gravitino CDM case, axions from decays of thermal saxions provide extra radiation already prior to BBN and decays of axinos with a cosmologically required TeV-scale mass can produce extra entropy. In the axion CDM case, cosmological constraints are respected with light eV-scale axinos and weak-scale gravitinos that decay into axions and axinos. These decays lead to late extra radiation which can coexist with the early contributions from saxion decays. Recent results of the Planck satellite probe extra radiation at late times and thereby both scenarios. Further tests are the searches for axions at ADMX and for supersymmetric particles at the LHC.
Electrostatic boundary value problems in the Schwarzschild background

The electrostatic potential of any test charge distribution in Schwarzschild space with boundary values is derived. We calculate the Green's function, generalize the second Green's identity for p-forms and find the general solution. Boundary value problems are solved. With a multipole expansion the asymptotic property for the field of any charge distribution is derived. It is shown that one produces a Reissner-Nordström black hole if one lowers a test charge distribution slowly toward the horizon. The symmetry of the distribution is not important. All the multipole moments fade away except the monopole. A calculation of the gravitationally induced electrostatic self-force on a pointlike test charge distribution held stationary outside the black hole is presented.
Transients from initial conditions based on Lagrangian perturbation theory in N-body simulations II: the effect of the transverse mode

We study the initial conditions for cosmological N-body simulations for precision cosmology. In general, Zel'dovich approximation has been applied for the initial conditions of N-body simulations for a long time. These initial conditions provide incorrect higher-order growth. These error caused by setting up the initial conditions by perturbation theory is called transients. We investigated the impact of transient on non-Gaussianity of density field by performing cosmological N-body simulations with initial conditions based on first-, second-, and third-order Lagrangian perturbation theory in previous paper. In this paper, we evaluates the effect of the transverse mode in the third-order Lagrangian perturbation theory for several statistical quantities such as power spectrum and non-Gaussianty. Then we clarified that the effect of the transverse mode in the third-order Lagrangian perturbation theory is quite small.