Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Soft Pneumatic Actuators: A Review of Design, Fabrication, Modeling, Sensing, Control and Applications

Soft robotics is a rapidly evolving field where robots are fabricated using highly deformable materials and usually follow a bioinspired design. Their high dexterity and safety make them ideal for applications such as gripping, locomotion, and biomedical devices, where the environment is highly dynamic and sensitive to physical interaction. Pneumatic actuation remains the dominant technology in soft robotics due to its low cost and mass, fast response time, and easy implementation. Given the significant number of publications in soft robotics over recent years, newcomers and even established researchers may have difficulty assessing the state of the art. To address this issue, this article summarizes the development of soft pneumatic actuators and robots up until the date of publication. The scope of this article includes the design, modeling, fabrication, actuation, characterization, sensing, control, and applications of soft robotic devices. In addition to a historical overview, there is a special emphasis on recent advances such as novel designs, differential simulators, analytical and numerical modeling methods, topology optimization, data-driven modeling and control methods, hardware control boards, and nonlinear estimation and control techniques. Finally, the capabilities and limitations of soft pneumatic actuators and robots are discussed and directions for future research are identified.
The Climate Change–Terrorism Nexus: A Critical Literature Review

ABSTRACT A growing number of policymakers around the world have recognized climate change as an escalating security threat and increasingly point to the climate change—terrorism nexus in particular. This critical literature review provides an analysis of the current state of research on the causal and correlative links between climate change, intermediary factors—such as resource scarcity, loss of economic opportunities, and instability—and terrorism in sub-Saharan Africa. Moving beyond a review of substantive themes within the existing body of scholarly research examining this topic, this article critically evaluates the theories, assumptions, and methods behind the literature. In doing so, the review identifies noteworthy trends, as well as gaps and shortcomings in the current research. Our review finds that the majority of the literature has observed a positive correlation between climate change and terrorism. More precisely, the current body of research overwhelmingly assesses that climate change indirectly leads to terrorism via its impact on conditions often considered to be drivers of terrorism in sub-Saharan Africa. Still, gaps remain in empirically backing up these assertions and examining the relationship between climate change, intermediary factors, and terrorism in more depth. We use our critical review and analysis to guide recommendations for further research into this emerging and timely field of study.
Development Present Situation of Stubble Chopper and Blade Used in China

The status of stubble cleaners and blades,especially for maize,was introduced.The structure,performance,and characteristics of a few types of stubble cleaners and blades widely used in China were analyzed and discussed.On the basis of analyses and discussion,the problems of high-energy consumption of stubble cleaners and blades were put forward.It is summarized that the importance to reduce energy consumption of stubble cleaners,to improve abrasion of stubble blades,and to combine farming machine with agricultural progress in the field.
Implementation of Apple’s automatic sorting system based on machine learning

xulijia@sicau.edu. cn Abstract In order to reduce post-harvest losses, the classification of fresh apples is crucial. Taking the hierarchical transmission control system as the object, the research was carried out on the verification of the bus network can flexibly expand the motor equipment, the stable and reliable operation of the motor, and the accuracy of Apple’s classification. Combine Labview virtual instrument technology to realize the design of Apple’s hierarchical transmission control system based on Controller Area Network technology. Fuzzy PID and traditional PID algorithms are used to simulate and realize the operation of brushless DC motor, and compare the advantages of brushless DC motor control based on fuzzy PID to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. Using the machine learning algorithms model for color detection, the Support Vector Machine algorithm model finally achieved the classification of the three types of apple samples with a recognition rate of
Active Learning in Flipped Classroom and Tutorials: Complementary or Redundant?

Cambridge undergraduates have regular active-learning opportunities in small-group tutorials, in which they solve problems and discuss ideas based on course material. Would they see any value in performing similar tasks in flipped-classroom settings, or would they regard the introduction of a second activelearning modality as redundant? Following the replacement of traditional lectures with flipped teaching within three physiology courses, with tutorials ongoing, questionnaire responses showed that students felt that they learned and understood more, and felt better-prepared for exams. Although similarities were recognised, the context of the active learning evidently made flipped classroom and tutorial teaching feel very different, probably because of the different levels of attention from the instructors. Questionnaire and interview comments suggested a complementarity between the two approaches, in that engaging with problems within a flipped classroom could give students more confidence in tutorials and in essaywriting, while tutorials offered more opportunities for individually-tailored feedback.
Language Barriers to Online Search Interest for COVID-19: A Global Infodemiological Study

Background Implementation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic control measures requires the engagement and participation of the public in a synchronized manner. Language may be a barrier to captivating public interest in a concerted manner. The relative volume of English and non-English COVID-19-related web searches estimate public interest among English and Non-English “searchers,” respectively. Asynchrony between English and non-English search interest may suggest language-related lapses in public engagement. Addressing these lapses may improve public health communications. In this study, we aimed to describe the distribution and temporal trends in the evolution of English and non-English online search interest for COVID-19 and to identify lags between English and non-English search interest. Methodology Search interest data (Baidu Index for China, Google Trends for other countries) was queried for the keywords “coronavirus,” “covid 19,” and their non-English equivalents between January 1, 2019, and September 30, 2020, for each country (n = 230). Daily total, English, and non-English search interest were recorded. Search Interest variables were described at global, regional, and country levels. The cross-correlation function was used to identify lags between English and non-English search interest at global, regional, and country levels. Results Globally, 9.69% of total searches relating to COVID-19 utilized non-English keywords. Among included regions, 64.7% (11/17) had significant non-English interest. Central Asia had the highest proportion of non-English interest (81.13% of total interest), followed by Eastern Europe (56.17%), Eastern Asia, Western Asia, and Northern Africa (all over 20%). Among included countries, 33.5% (77/230) had significant non-English interest. Cross-correlation function identified significant lags between English and non-English Interest in six regions (median lag [interquartile range, IQR]: -0.5 [6.00] days) and 24 countries (median lag [IQR]: -1 [4.25] days). Conclusions Non-English keywords contribute substantially to searches relating to COVID-19 in certain countries and regions. Numerous locations exhibit significant lags between English and non-English search interest, suggesting language-related discrepancies in the interest for COVID-19. Further research is required to address the root cause of these lags.
Lightweight distributed computing framework for orchestrating high performance computing and big data

In recent years, the need for the ability to work remotely and subsequently the need for the availability of remote computer-based systems has increased substantially. This trend has seen a dramatic increase with the onset of the 2020 pandemic. Often local data is produced, stored, and processed in the cloud to remedy this flood of computation and storage needs. Historically, HPC (high performance computing) and the concept of big data have been utilized for the storage and processing of large data. However, both HPC and Hadoop can be utilized as solutions for analytical work, though the differences between these may not be obvious. Both use parallel processing techniques and offer options for data to be stored in either a centralized or distributed manner. Recent studies have focused on using a hybrid approach with both technologies. Therefore, the convergence between HPC and big data technologies can be filled with distributed computing machines at the layer described. This paper results from the motivation that there exists a necessity for a distributed computing framework that can scale from SOC (system on chip) boards to desktop computers and servers. For this purpose, in this article, we propose a distributed computing environment that can scale up to devices with heterogeneous architecture, where devices can set up clusters with resource-limited nodes and then run on top of. The solution can be thought of as a minimalist hybrid approach between HPC and big data. Within the scope of this study, not only the design of the proposed system is detailed, but also critical modules and subsystems are implemented as proof of concept. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
The dual diagnosis clinician shared care model – a clinical mental health dual diagnosis integrated treatment initiative

Purpose To improve outcomes for people with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders, the Eastern Health Mental Health Service implemented an integrated treatment model known as the dual diagnosis clinician shared care model. This study aims to provide evidence for a relatively unexplored model in clinical mental health services within the state of Victoria, Australia. Design/methodology/approach Dual diagnosis clinicians were placed into community mental health clinics in a shared-care, modified case management role, to provide primary and secondary consultations to select consumers and/or their carers, as well as to provide capacity-building training to the mental health staff facing real world clinical challenges in dual diagnosis service delivery. Findings Since the commencement of this service, more than 800 consumers of the adult mental health service have been supported to concurrently address their harmful substance use, while receiving recovery-focused community mental health care. Preliminary findings include previously unknown figures on the prevalence for co-occurring substance use at the point of referral and a demonstrated preference by consumers for treatment of both disorders at the same time by the same service (in-house treatment). Originality/value The establishment of a dedicated, integrated dual diagnosis team has significantly increased the capacity of a community-based clinical mental health service to engage with and treat consumers with dual diagnosis disorders. This model is beginning to produce evidence challenging traditional siloed approaches to mental health and alcohol and drug treatment.
Flow-Based Intrusion Detection for SCADA networks using Supervised Learning

Recent attacks on industrial networks have brought the question of their protection, given the importance of the equipment that they control. In this paper, we address the application of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to build an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for these networks. As network traffic usually has much less malicious packets than normal ones, intrusion detection problems have class imbalance as a key characteristic, which can be a challenge for ML algorithms. Therefore, we study the performance of nine different ML algorithms in classifying IP flows of an industrial network, analyzing the impact of class imbalance in the results. The algorithms were evaluated taking as main metrics the F1-Score and Averaged Accuracy. Our experiments showed that the three algorithms based on decision trees were superior to the others. Particularly, the Decision Jungle algorithm outperformed all the others.
Engaging U.S. Adults with Serious Mental Illness in Participatory Design Research Exercises

Clubhouses are non-clinical, community-based centers for adult members with serious mental illness. The evidence-based model assists adults with identifying employment, housing, education, and social opportunities; wellness and health-promoting activities; reducing hospitalizations and criminal justice system involvement; and improving social relationships, satisfaction, and quality of life. The model enables member participation in all Clubhouse operations, yet offers little guidance concerning facility design and member engagement in the design process. This case study explored the use of participatory design research exercises to (1) document member needs, preferences, and priorities to inform the design of a new midwestern U.S. Clubhouse facility and (2) meaningfully engage members (n = 16) in the design process. Four participatory design research exercises were developed, administered, and analyzed. Results revealed aesthetics and ambience; safety and security; ease of use and maintenance; adaptability, flexibility, and accessibility; and transportation as future priorities. Space and furnishing needs and priorities were also identified. Informal observations and participant feedback suggested that the participatory exercises meaningfully engaged members in a manner aligned with Clubhouse Model principles by centering member dignity, strengths, and work-oriented expectations. Future directions for research on Clubhouse design and member engagement in the design process are also discussed.
U-Pb zircon age of Ediacaran Umarizal Granite Suite and emplacement mechanism with high-T hornfels generation in Jucurutu Formation, Borborema Province, NE, Brazil

The Borborema Province, NE Brazil, is marked by several Ediacaran granitic plutons that generated high-temperature metamorphic aureoles in the country rock. However, information about magma emplacement, age of plutonism, and metamorphic conditions are necessary to understand this scenario. To this end, we present field, petrographic, and zircon U-Pb geochronological data for migmatized hornfels and intrusive Umarizal and Tourão-Caraúbas plutons. The field features allowed the construction of a structural evolution model starting with high-temperature sinistral strike-slip shear zones followed by dextral strike-slip movement associated with the magmatic emplacement. Mineral paragenesis of andalusite/sillimanite, garnet, scapolite, and phlogopite in country rocks within the metamorphic aureole indicate temperatures of at least 700-800°C and pressures lower than 4.5 kbar corresponding to the pyroxene hornfels facies. Zircon U-Pb ages of 563.7 ± 6.2 for the Umarizal granite, 589 ± 4.4 Ma for the Tourão-Caraúbas granite, and 580.5 ± 4 Ma for the neosome from contact aureole were obtained. The results show that magma emplacement and HT/LP (high-T/low-P) contact metamorphism were synchronous with a transtensional event. These features suggest a late- to post-tectonic context, following the collapse of the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogenetic chain, that favored Late Ediacaran plutonism and synchronous HT/LP metamorphism.
Prognostic implications of the peripheral platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.

Background The inflammatory response is extremely important in tumor progression, and it is very difficult to identify prognostic indicators for neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients. The aim of this study was to mine the potential prognostic significance of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline- or taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods A total of 67 women diagnosed with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy were enrolled in the study. Before starting NACT, the PLR and NLR were calculated. The optimal cutoff value was calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, which indicated that 106.3 and 2.464 were the best cutoff values for the PLR and NLR, respectively. The optimal cutoff values for them were used to divide patients into low and high NLR groups and low and high PLR groups. Independent prognostic biomarkers and the value of PLR and NLR were assessed. The connection between the NLR/PLR and pathologic complete response (pCR), together with other clinical/pathological factors was evaluated. Results Logistic regression model analyses revealed that patients with a high PLR correlated remarkably with better pCR than those with a low PLR. The results indicated that by using the cutoff value of 106.3, PLR had prognostic significance. However, there was no significant difference in NLR if analyzed separately. By combining PLR and NLR, the NLRhigh and PLRhigh subgroups achieved a significantly higher rate of pCR than the NLRIow/PLRIow subgroup [odds ratio (OR) 0.153, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.068 to 0.876, P=0.008]. Therefore, the combination of NLRhigh/PLRhigh was an independent prognostic factor different from others, such as PLR, Ki-67, and chemotherapy regimen. Conclusions The PLR may serve as a potential marker of the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer, enabling oncologists to intervene earlier. Peripheral blood NLR and PLR can reflect the immune status of patients. Indicating that an immunogenic phenotype is a good predictor of chemotherapy response and that combined studies can better identify immunophenotypes in patients.
FBGs Based System for Muscle Effort Monitoring in Wheelchair Users

Numerous studies have been carried out aiming to improve wheelchair users’ quality of life. Based on the muscle effort evaluation during their daily activities, wheelchair users can adopt different postures to reduce their effort. However, most of the current solutions for muscle effort assessment are affected by uncontrolled factors. Here, a solution immune to these factors is proposed. The system, based on six fiber Bragg gratings embedded in epoxy resin, was distributed on both arms of six wheelchair users’ volunteers. The arms’ muscle effort was estimated through the fiber Bragg grating’s wavelength shift, which was related with the epoxy resin deformation during some of the wheelchair users’ daily movements, such as horizontal plane locomotion (using different wheelchair hand movement patterns), ramp up and down, and dips. The slightest hand clearance, in relation to the rim (pattern A), implies smaller sensor deformations and, therefore, a lower effort. Comparing to pattern A, volunteer 5 increased 17% its effort in pattern B and 27% in pattern D, in the left bicep sensor. Also, ramp displacements require higher muscle effort, in relation to the horizontal plane. Of all the exercises performed, dips involve the most intense arms’ muscle effort (volunteer 5 had an 82% deformation increase, comparing to pattern A, in the left bicep sensor). The developed system revealed promising results, providing deeper knowledge about the muscle effort during daily movements. Based on this information they can adopt different postures, resulting in minor muscle fatigue, and consequently an improvement of their quality of life.
A Necessary Evil: The Role of the Secretariat in Effective Meta-Organizations. Lessons from the Multilevel Study of a Business Cooperative

Meta-organizations (MOs) are organizations whose members are organizations. They are a collective form of organizing and are often coordinated by a secretariat, an entity that is created within the MO. The secretariat is responsible for achieving the purpose of the MO on behalf of the member organizations. We study how the secretariat may contribute to make the MO more effective at achieving its members purpose. We rely on an in-depth case study to show how a business cooperative of organic retailers became what can be labeled as a ‘strong meta-organization’, that is, an organization able to sustain itself and to achieve its purpose while protecting membership by preserving the engagement of its member organizations within the MO. Paradoxically, the member organizations became increasingly dependent on their MO as it became more effective at achieving its purpose. To become more effective, the MO granted its secretariat with three types of control prerogatives: technical, bureaucratic, and political. Therefore, the dependence that members experience when they join an MO may be considered as a necessary evil as it appears as a consequence of its effectiveness, effectiveness being defined as the ability to achieve the common purpose of members. This research contributes to MO theory by highlighting the role played by the secretariat in the effectiveness of an MO. We contend that the MO theory should better integrate the study of the secretariat into this stream of research, making room for more actorhood in characterizing MOs as specific social objects.
The Biological Performance of a Novel Electrokinetic-Assisted Membrane Photobioreactor (EK-MPBR) for Wastewater Treatment

Developing an effective phycoremediation system, especially by utilizing microalgae, could provide a valuable approach in wastewater treatment for simultaneous nutrient removal and biomass generation, which would help control environmental pollution. This research aims to study the impact of low-voltage direct current (DC) application on Chlorella vulgaris properties and the removal efficiency of nutrients (N and P) in a novel electrokinetic-assisted membrane photobioreactor (EK-MPBR) in treating synthetic municipal wastewater. Two membrane photobioreactors ran in parallel for 49 days with and without an applied electric field (current density: 0.261 A/m2). Mixed liquid suspended soils (MLSS) concentration, chemical oxygen demand (COD), floc morphology, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) removals were measured during the experiments. The results showed that EK-MPBR achieved biomass production comparable to the control MPBR. In EK-MPBR, an over 97% reduction in phosphate concentration was achieved compared to 41% removal in the control MPBR. The control MPBR outperformed the nitrogen removal of EK-MPBR (68% compared to 43% removal). Induced DC electric field led to lower pH, lower zeta potential, and smaller particle sizes in the EK-MPBR as compared with MPBR. The results of this novel study investigating the incorporation of Chlorella vulgar is in an electrokinetic-assisted membrane photobioreactor indicate that this is a promising technology for wastewater treatment.