Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Murray - Darling Turtles: Gene Flow and Population Persistance in Dryland Rivers

Australia’s largest and most important waterway- the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) - is under threat owing to predicted increases in temperature extremes and reduction in rainfall - runoff in the coming decades. Management strategies are required that incorporate an understanding of dispersal patterns of the MDB fauna and flora. Patterns of dispersal have typically been studied through direct organismal studies but genetic approaches, in which the movement of genes in the landscape is used as a correlate of species dispersal, can provide a more comprehensive view by investigating at a much larger temporal and spatial scale. Genetic connectivity (dispersal) is influenced by the biology of the species, and by flow regime and the dendritic pattern of the network in riverine landscapes. An understanding of the relative influence of each on connectivity is required to deliver informed management strategies. Decisions regarding whether management for conservation is necessary also require an understanding of a species susceptibility to a changing environment. Species already exhibiting deleterious trajectories under current flow regimes in the basin may require more drastic measures than those that have remained unaffected.
PROCESS VALIDATION OF ANALYTICALMETHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR OMEPRAZOLE CAPSULES AND BLEND.

A new simple, rapid and reliable UV Spectrophotometry method was developed and validated for the estimation of Omeprazole in blend & Capsules formulations. The method was based on simple UV estimation in cost effective manner for regular laboratory ana lysis. The instrument used was Perkin Elmer, UV Spectrophotometer (Lambda 25) and using 0.1 N NaoH as solvent system. Sample were analysed using UV Win Lab 5.2. 0 Software and matched quartz cells 1 c m and was monitored at 302 nm. Linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 2 - 10 mg mL-1 fo r Omeprazole. The validation parameters, tested in accordance with the requirements of ICH guidelines, prove the suitability of this method. Spectrophoto metric interferences from the Capsules excipients were not found. The results of blend uniformity and content uniformity, done on process validation batches samp les.
Evidence for Generation of Delocalized Polarons in Conducting Polyaniline: A Raman Scattering Spectroscopy Approach

Abstract Photoexcitation as a novel route for obtaining delocalized polarons in conducting polyaniline is predicted theoretically and confirmed experimentally. Original model experiments and theoretical calculations on protonated emeraldine species with various chain alignments as well as of isolated chains were carried out. In addition, experimental models matching theoretical models of isolated and bulk polyaniline (PANI) chains were synthesized and their absorption and Raman spectra recorded. The detection of the photoexcited states was performed by conventional Raman scattering spectroscopy (generally employed for studying ground states), which is an attractive alternative for generating and characterizing photoexcited delocalized polarons in polyaniline. The occurrence of photoexcited delocalized polaronic species is favored by chain stacking.
Chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of the root essential oil from Jatropha ribifolia (Pohl) Baill (Euphorbiaceae).

The essential oil of roots of Jatropha ribifolia, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized in terms of its chemical composition by chromatographic method with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analyses and identification pointed by mass fragmentation pattern and retention index revealed the presence of 49 compounds, representing 91.4% of the total oil, with 39.5% of monoterpenes, 43.0% of sesquiterpenes and 8.5% of phenylpropanoids. The major compounds of the oil were β-pinene (9.2%), isoeugenol methyl ether (8.5%), vatirenene (8.4%), α-gurjunene (7.0%), endo-8-hydroxy-cycloisolongifolene (6.6%), α-pinene (6.4%) and p-menth-1-en-8-ol (5.2%). The fractionation by preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) allowed obtaining five fractions (F1-F5) with different compound contents from the original oil. Some essential oil components showed a significant increase in their levels after fractionation, as borneol (17.9%, F1), 3-thujopsanone (19.1%, F4), isoeugenol methylether (21.2%, F2), 8-oxo-9H-cycloisolongifolene (21.4%, F4), 8-cis-5(1H)-azulenone,2,4,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-3,8-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethylidene) (23.1%, F4) e endo-8-hydroxy-cycloisolongifolene (38.6%, F2). These fractions and oil were tested in vitro against nine human cancer cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay. The Jatropha oil was more effective in inhibiting the growth of cells NCI-H460 (drug resistant ovarian; GI50 6.2 µg mL–1) and OVCAR-3 (ovarian; GI508.0 µg mL–1). The cancer cells line PC-3 (prostate) was more sensitive to the effects of the fractions showing significant values of GI50 such as for fraction F1, F2 and F4 (< 0.25 µg mL–1). In general the antiproliferative activity of the fractions was more pronounced than that of crude oil.
Structural and electrical properties of delafossite CuMO2 (M=Al, Cr, Y) semiconductors and their exploitation for ozone detection

Single phase polycrystalline pellets of CuMO2 (M = Al, Cr, Y) semiconductors with delafossite structure were prepared by sol-gel method and solid state reaction, respectively. The XRD results shows that structure can be indexed as 3R-CuAlO2 (JCPDF No. 35-1401), 3R-CuCrO2 (JCPDF No. 89-6744) and 2H-CuYO2 (JCPDF No. 76-1422), respectively. The conductivities of CuMO2 are thermally activated in the measured temperature range with the activation energy EA about 0.24eV, 0.34eV and 0.25eV, respectively. The conductivities of CuMO2 decrease monotonously with the increase of radius of M cation. This phenomenon coincides with the previous theoretical studies that the hole conduction path of CuMO2 was predominantly in the Cu-ions layers, and the Cu-Cu spacing (or α-axis length) was governed by the M cation size, which modifies the wave function overlap between Cu-ions and results in decrease of the conductivities. The room temperature ozone sensing properties of CuMO2 (M = Al, Cr, Y) polycrystalline pellets were studied. Ozone-purified air-ozone circles were used to measure the ozone gas sensing properties of all the specimens, which are similar to the practical measurement environments. The relative humidity of the environment was controlled around 60 RH% ± 5 RH%. The temperature was controlled around 300K ± 0.5K. Except for CuYO2 pellets, CuAlO2 and CuCrO2 pellets show reversible responds to ozone gas at room temperature. The room temperature ozone sensing properties of CuCrO2 film prepared by pulsed laser deposition was also studied. The response time of CuCrO2 film is about 3.5 min to 90% of the final value and the recovery time is about 2 min to 10% of the steady state signal under ozone concentration of 600 ppm. Though the performance is not yet sufficiently high for practical use, the delafossites CuMO2 (M = Al and Cr), as parent compounds of room temperature ozone sensing materials, are recommendable for further studies on the improvement of ozone sensing properties.
Self-assembling monolayers of helical oligopeptides on gold with applications in molecular electronics

A generic strategy is outlined for preparing a chiral functionalised surface using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of helical oligopeptides for intended application in molecular electronics, sensors and catalysis. Helical peptides have been designed and synthesised with 3 Met or 2 Cys residues per peptide, placed in the sequence so that in a helical conformation their side-chains are on the same side of the helix and organised to bind to gold by self-assembly of the thioether or thiol functions. Circular dichroism (CD) of the Met-containing peptides showed that they are mainly helical in organic solvents and FT-RAIRS (reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy) of their SAMs on gold confirmed that they are aligned with the helix axes parallel to the surface. However complete coverage of the surface is dependent critically on the preparation of the gold. CD of an oligopeptide containing 2 Cys residues suggested that the conformation was a mixture of helix and random coil. Films of this peptide adsorbed from different solvents were characterised by ellipsometry and cyclic voltammetry. Ethanol and methanol led to multilayer formation indicating protic solvents destabilise the helical structure, allowing formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds. By contrast the aprotic solvent acetonitrile led to formation of a close-packed self-assembled monolayer suitable for elaboration into a functionalised supramolecular architecture.
This that and the other: Multi-word clusters in spoken English as visible patterns of interaction

This paper investigates multi-word strings automatically retrieved from a 5-million-word corpus of conversational English from Britain and Ireland. Many such strings have neither syntactic nor semantic integrity, for example at the, it was a, what do you. However, many strings display pragmatic integrity, encoding interactive functions such as hedging, vagueness, discourse marking, etc. Examples include and that sort of thing, you know, a couple of. We identify the most common pragmatically integrated clusters and discuss their functions, and compare their frequency with single words, illustrating that many clusters are more frequent than single words accepted as belonging to the core vocabulary of English. The clusters also contrast with the low frequency of opaque idiomatic expressions. High-frequency clusters raise issues around the distinction between lexis and grammar, and support a synthetic view of language production and storage, with implications for the understanding of notions such as fluency and idiomaticity.
Influência da combinação de fósforo e calcário no rendimento de milho

The existence of soil exchangeable Al in toxic levels inhibits root growth and elongation, with negative effects on water and nutrient uptake, especially of P. Thus, as soil P increases, plants become less dependent on a large root system, that may decrease crop response to liming. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of liming and phosphorus fertilization on corn yield. The experiment was conducted in Lages, Southern Brazil, from 1994 to 1998, in a clayed Oxisol (Hapludox) with pH 4.7, exchangeable Al of 39 mmolc kg-1, P of 1.0 mg kg-1, and liming requirement of 9 t ha-1 to raise soil water pH to 6.0. Treatments consisted of a factorial with three rates of liming (0, 4.5 and 9.0 t ha-1) and four of P2O5, respectively 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 in the first crop; 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 in the second and fourth crop; and 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-1 in the third crop. The effect of liming increased with time from null in the first year up to increments of 39% on corn yield. On most growing seasons, yield increased up to pH 5.4, where half of the liming required to achieve pH 6.0 was applied. On treatments that received the two highest rates of P2O5 (127 and 170 kg-1 ha-1 per crop), liming had no effect on corn yield. Addition of P increased corn yield in all seasons but the magnitude decreased as soil pH increased. The highest productivities were obtained with recommended P rate in two growing seasons, but in the remaining two, it was necessary to apply 50% more.
Vegetable and Marine Sources of Supplementaries PUFAs in the Diet of Laying Hens: Effect on Lipid Composition of the Plasma and of the Egg Yolk and Time of Incorporation of Omega 6 PUFAs

Hundred forty-four Shaver White laying hens were used over a four-week experimental period to investigate the effect of 3% of soybean oil (SOJ), corn oil (MIL), canola oil (CAN), flaxseed oil (LIN), salmon oil (SAL) or tuna and sardine oil (SR/AT) added to the diets, upon the fatty acid egg yolk composition, blood plasma levels and incorporation time of each fatty acid into the egg yolk. Hens were allocated into 72 cages and the experimental design was a 6 x 6 randomized factorial model. The addition of LIN, SOJ or MIL oil into the diet increased the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) levels into the egg yolk and in the blood plasma. The percentages increasing from 23.1% (MIL) 23.66% (LIN) to 24.6% (SOJ) versus means decreasing of 17.32% (CAN) of total PUFAs in egg yolk, which were influenced (P<0.05) significantly by different types of oils added the ration of laying hens. The percentages increasing 21.23% (MIL) to 21.57% (SOJ) versus mean decrease (P<0.05) for 12.34% (SR/AT) in the yolk showed similarity to the percentage increasing of 21.88% (MIL) to 23.45% (SOJ) versus mean decrease (P<0.05) of 13.06% (SR/AT) of n-6 PUFAs in the plasma of laying hens. The higher means ranging from 19.88% (MIL) to 20.12% (SOJ) versus the lower of 11.65% (SR/AT) of linoleic acid (LA) in the yolk were similar to the higher means of 19.98% (MIL) to 21.67% (SOJ) versus the lower of 12.33% (SR/AT) of LA in blood plasma of laying hens (P<0.05). The higher concentrations ranging from 1.35% (MIL), 1.45% (SOJ) to 1.52% (MIL) of arachidonic acid (AA) versus the lower of 0.37% (SAL), 0.52% (SR/AT) to 0.62% (LIN) of AA in the yolk, showed behavior similar to levels in the plasma with higher mean for concentrations ranging from 1.56% (CAN) 1.78% (SOJ) and 1.89% (MIL) of AA versus lower means of 0.53% (SAL), 0.73% (SR/AT) to 0.85% (LIN) of AA in plasma of hens (P<0.05). Still, in relation to yolk interactions were observed (P<0.01), being the higher concentration of 1.58% (SOJ) and the lower of 1.03 (SAL) between sources versus 1.63% (DAY2) and lower 0.97% (DAY30) of AA in the yolk between DAYs. Confirmed if that the incorporation of LA, AA, P/S and n-6 PUFAs decreased in the yolk until the eighth experimental day, and that the opposite occurred with n-3 PUFAs influenced by the sources (P<0.01), the which had his incorporation increased until this day. The levels of LA acid were increased until the eighth day of the experiment, while the concentrations of AA increased until the tenth day of the experiment. The LA and AA levels were significantly influenced by sources and days and showed behaviors similar to the concentrations in plasma and yolk.
Produtos naturais: atualidade, desafios e perspectivas

This article offers an overview on the historical facts and the recent state of art of Chemistry of Natural Products which, in the course of 25 years of SBQ, have led to the present development of this area in Brazil. In addition, this article deals with the last trends on Natural Products in Brazil and also in developed countries.
RECENT APPROCHES SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION ENHANCEMENT OF ATORVASTATIN: A REVIEW

A drug should be present a soluble state before produce its therapeutics effects however in now a day in market 40% drug are poorly soluble in water. such a drugs poorly dissolution and absorption rate in gastrointestinal tract which majorly irregular bioavailability . a various solubilization techniques are used. solubility is most important role in targeting a desired plasma concentration of drugs. Hence we are study in this review a different techniques used for solubility enhancement like solid dispersion, smedds, inclusion complexes, hydrotrpy, liqusolid compact etc. we are discuss about BCS II class hypolipidemic drug atorvastatin. ATC are low aqueous solubility resulting in low oral bioavailability (12%) and thus presents a challenge in formulating a suitable dosage form. now a researcher developed the various methods. we discuss a different technique used for solubility enhancement of atorvastatin. mostly solid dispersion was found to be most used technique by researcher as it provide ease in preparation and efficiency in terms of resolving the solubility and dissolution problems associated with atorvastatin.
Electrochemistry Combined Online with Electrospray Mass Spectrometry

In this paper a variety of methods to couple electrochemistry on-line with electrospray mass spectrometry (EC/ES-MS) are presented, and the fundamental and analytical utility of this hybrid technique is illustrated. The major problems encountered in coupling EC and ES-MS are discussed, and means to overcome them are presented. Three types of electrochemical flow cells, viz., a thin-layer electrode flow-by cell, a tubular electrode flow-through cell, and a porous electrode flow-through cell, are discussed in regard to their suitability for this coupling. Methods for coupling each of these electrochemical cells on-line with ES-MS, either floated at or decoupled from the ES high voltage and controlled by a constant current supply, a constant potential supply, or a potentiostat are presented. Three applications are used to illustrate the utility and versatility of the EC/ES-MS combination: (1) the ionization of neutral analytes (i.e., perylene) for detection by ES-MS, (2) the study of the products of electrode reactions (i.e., nickel(II) octaethylporphyrin oxidation products), including relatively short-lived products (i.e., {Beta}-carotene oxidation products), and (3) the enhanced determination of metals (i.e., elemental silver) achieved by coupling anodic stripping voltammetry on-line with ES-MS. 52 refs., 6 figs.
Statistical Learning in Tree-Based Tensor Format

Tensor methods are widely used tools for the approximation of high dimensional functions. Such problems are encountered in uncertainty quantification and statistical learning, where the high dimensionality imposes to use specific techniques, such as rank-structured approximations [1]. In this work, we introduce a statistical learning algorithm for the approximation in tree-based tensor format, which are tensor networks whose graphs are dimension partition trees. This tensor format includes the Tucker format, the Tensor-Train format, as well as the more general Hierarchical tensor formats [4]. It can be interpreted as a deep neural network with a particular architecture [2]. The proposed algorithm uses random evaluations of a function to provide a tree-based tensor approximation, with adaptation of the tree-based rank by using a heuristic criterion based on the higher-order singular values to select the ranks to increase, and of the approximation spaces of the leaves of the tree. We then present a learning algorithm for the approximation under the form u(x) ≈ v(z_1,.,z_m) where v is a tensor in tree-based format and the z_i = g_i(x), 1 ≤ i ≤ m, are new variables. A strategy based on the projection pursuit regression [3] is proposed to compute the mappings g_i and increase the effective dimension m. The methods are illustrated on different examples to show their efficiency and adaptability as well as the power of representation of the tree-based tensor format, possibly combined with changes of variables.
Intercalation of Organic Ammonium Ions into Layered Graphite Oxide

The intercalation of large organic ammonium ions (tetramethylammonium ions (TMA+), tetraethylammonium ions (TEA+), tetrapropylammonium ions (TPA+), and tetrabutylammonium ions (TBA+)) into layered graphite oxide (GO) was systematically investigated. The intercalation reactions were completed at 25 °C after 3 days, and stable colloidal suspensions were obtained at TAAl/Hs = 5 (molar ratio of tetraalkylammonium ions (TAA+) over exchangeable protons in GO). The sediments after centrifuging the colloidal suspensions showed amorphous phase X-ray diffraction patterns, indicating that exfoliation of the layered structure into nanosheets took place in the suspension. When the sediments were dried at 70 °C for 3 days, layered structures of TAA+-intercalated GO materials with basal spacings of 1.56, 1.67, 1.84, and 2.37 nm, respectively, appeared. The basal spacing of the layered compounds decreased with a decrease of relative humidity during drying. When the dried TAA+-intercalated GO compounds were exposed to a h.
Physical, chemical and biological properties of micro‐arc deposited calcium phosphate coatings on titanium and zirconium‐niobium alloy

A comparative investigation of the physical, chemical and biological properties of micro‐arc deposited calcium phosphate coatings on titanium and zirconium‐niobium substrates was performed. Calcium phosphate coatings on titanium have a higher surface density, porosity and pore size, and a more homogeneous surface topography. Under the same conditions, calcium phosphate coatings on zirconium‐niobium have a relief topography, but their surface density, porosity and pore size were all smaller. X‐ray diffraction of the coatings showed that the coatings on titanium were X‐ray amorphous whereas the coatings on zirconium‐niobium consisted of a mixture of crystalline CaZr4(PO4)6, ZrP2O7, and ZrO2. These differences are due to different electrical and thermophysical characteristics of substrates and passivating films on their surfaces. The coatings were shown to be biocompatible by in‐vitro cell culture experiments.
Coordination Reaction between Series Hydroxyl-Porphyrins and Pb2+ Studied by Spectroscopic Method

Reaction conditions and spectroscopy properties of series hydroxyl-porphyrins for bonding with Pb2+ were described. A stable complex was formed with molar ratio 1:1 in the solution of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with 0.6ml tween-80 as surfactant, when the pH was controlled at 6.5. The hydroxyl group on the benzene ring resulted in Soret band red shift of Pb-porphyrin complexes from 415.8 to 422.7nm, and isosbestic point of the axial coordination reaction appeared at 419.5nm. The study of thermodynamics predicted that the monohydroxyl-porphyrin had the optimal identification effects for Pb2+.
Copolymerizations of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinyl ether in supercritical carbon dioxide: Polymer synthesis, characterization, and thermal properties

Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and perfluoropropylvinyl ether (PPVE) were copolymerized in supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) with a perfluorodiacyl initiator bis(perfluoro-2-n-propoxypropionyl) peroxide (BPPP). The resultant copolymers with stable perfluoroalkyl end groups were obtained, avoiding the decomposition during processing and applications. Reactivity ratios of TFE and PPVE were first reported. The rTFE and rPPVE values are about 8 and 0.08, respectively. Such parameters are significant for the modification of PTFE through copolymerization of TFE and PPVE. It is found that through increasing the reaction pressure from 8.5 to 25 MPa, while rTFE increases by 12.0%, rPPVE decreases by 9.0%, which should be ascribed to the enhancement of the polarity of CO2 under high pressures. Because the reactivity of TFE is by two orders of magnitude higher than that of PPVE; on one hand, the copolymerization rate falls rapidly with the decrease of TFE feed ratio; on the other hand, TFE content in the copolymer decreases with the reaction time. All copolymers containing different fractions of PPVE enjoy outstanding thermal stability. The DSC result indicates that there exist two forms of crystals with highly regular molecular arrangement or less ordered chain packing which is disturbed by perfluoropropyl pendants. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012