Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flexible Working Arrangements in Malaysia and the Participation of Women in the Labour Force

The aim of this thesis is to shed light on possible reasons for the stagnation in the participation rate of women in the Malaysian workforce by focusing on the phenomenon of flexible working arrangements. This is researched in the context of the possibility of flexible working arrangements helping women achieve work-life balance and how such work affects their well-being. Using a mixed method approach, the study addresses three main questions:- are Malaysian women interested in flexible working arrangements? would flexible working arrangements be useful in bringing more women into the labour force? and what impacts do flexible working arrangements have on their well-being? The study was conducted in the Klang Valley, which has a total population of over seven million people and is the heartland of Malaysia's industry and commerce. It employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. For the quantitative approach, self-administered questionnaires were distributed to women employees working in seven organisations which have flexible working arrangements and seven organisations with fixed working arrangements. A random sample of 415 female employees from 14 selected organisations in the services sector were identified. To complement the statistical data, 30 women were interviewed. Findings from the logistic regression analysis revealed that flexible working arrangements at the workplace are preferred by women who are more educated, earning a higher income and are at the higher end of the occupational status. It further revealed that flexible working arrangements will encourage more women to work in paid labour since they have a better work-life balance and more empowerment. The information gathered from the qualitative interviews concerned women’s wellbeing in terms of work-life balance, empowerment and lifestyles. While most of the women experienced work-life balance barriers, some common threads and themes revealed that flexible working arrangements will be a good option towards achieving work-life balance and had a positive effect on women’s well-being in terms of work-life balance and household empowerment. The qualitative interviews showed that workplace flexibility can improve the working women’s work-life balance, especially among married women with young children and hence, encourage women to participate in paid labour. In adopting a combination of theoretical approaches, it is argued that there is a greater tendency for Malaysian married women to exit the labour force after having children compared to most other countries and this is primarily due to their caring responsibilities, lack of an enabling environment and the cultural and social factors particular to Malaysia. The study found that flexible working arrangements are very varied in type and cannot be treated as a single, comprehensive package which might be suitable for all women. Further, the implementation of flexible working arrangements at the workplace would not be alone sufficient to bring in more women into the labour force.
A signal transparent 10/spl times/10 space-division optoelectronic switch core for virtual-transparent path-based multiwavelength networks

Broadband optoelectronic space division switch matrices used in conjunction with optical (de)multiplexers and optical-electronic-optical wavelength regenerators can provide capabilities for wavelength conversion and translation in wavelength routed multiwavelength networks. Such switches are required to be transparent to bit rate, format, and modulation of the signals carried on various wavelengths to enable high capacity, scalable multiwavelength networks. A 10/spl times/10 implementation of a transparent optoelectronic switch matrix capable of routing any bit rate up to 2.5 Gb/s per port as well as high quality analog video signals with >60 dB contrast and >60 dB crosstalk suppression is presented. Transparency is demonstrated with digital signals ranging from 622 Mb/s to 2.5 Gb/s per port along with analog video signals routed through the switch core.
IoT Workflow Scheduling Using Intelligent Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm in Fog Computing

Instead of the cloud, the Internet of things (IoT) activities are offloaded into fog computing to boost the quality of services (QoSs) needed by many applications. However, the availability of continuous computing resources on fog computing servers is one of the restrictions for IoT applications since transmitting the large amount of data generated using IoT devices would create network traffic and cause an increase in computational overhead. Therefore, task scheduling is the main problem that needs to be solved efficiently. This study proposes an energy-aware model using an enhanced arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) method called AOAM, which addresses fog computing's job scheduling problem to maximize users' QoSs by maximizing the makespan measure. In the proposed AOAM, we enhanced the conventional AOA searchability using the marine predators algorithm (MPA) search operators to address the diversity of the used solutions and local optimum problems. The proposed AOAM is validated using several parameters, including various clients, data centers, hosts, virtual machines, tasks, and standard evaluation measures, including the energy and makespan. The obtained results are compared with other state-of-the-art methods; it showed that AOAM is promising and solved task scheduling effectively compared with the other comparative methods.
Bibliometric analysis of empirical studies on the subject of COVID-19 in consumer behaviour researches between 2020-2021 with visual mapping technique

This study visually presents bibliometric analyses for quantitative, qualitative and mixed empirical consumer behaviour research on COVID-19 published in various leading research journals with Scopus, ESCI and/or SSCI indexes in 2020 and 2021. For this aim, bibliometric analyzes of 50 studies selected for this study were performed using the VOSviewer software. According to the results obtained from the study, it was observed that primarily multi-author empirical studies were conducted at the national or global level regarding the changing consumer behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the studies conducted by the researchers, consumer behaviours were evaluated multidimensionally by using different theoretical models. For this, data were collected from consumers with other demographic characteristics by various methods and different analysis methods were used to analyse the collected data. The study provides implications as well as directions for future studies.
A NEW APPROACH TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN IN STEAM POWER PLANTS

Production of electricity for promotion of peopleâ€™s welfares is inevitable.There are about 54000 MW of various power plants in Iran. The type of power plants includes gas, steam, combined, hydro and a very minute amount of wind mills. The per capita electricity production is about 2200 Kwh. Power plants can impose adverse environmental impacts during construction and utilization phases. Environmental monitoring plan (EMP) can continuously examine the effects of power plants on the surrounding environment. In the present investigation, we have carefully examined the steam power plants of the country to develop appropriate EMP for the utilization phase. Results of study show that while emissions from stack need continuous monitoring, the other part of power plants can be monitored on monthly, seasonally or even yearly basis. Further, preparation of appropriate log sheets to record the results of EMP for the necessary action plans by authorities can lead to environmental monitoring program.The comparison amongst log sheets of various years may eventually provide environmental monitoring performance.
Modified Lift Versus Cutting Seton for Transphincteric Fistula -Experience at Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Fistula in ano is a common disease which has high recurrence rate and high fecal incontinence rate after surgery. We compared modified LIFT (Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) through lateral approach ) with cutting seton for transphincteric fistula. Aim: This study is aimed at which procedure is better with respect to postoperative complications Study design: It was a prospective comparative study. Methods: This was a prospective comparative study from 01-01-2019 to 30-06-2021 which was conducted on 50 patients who presented with transsphincteric fistula in ano (FIA) in surgical ward of Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur. Patients were divided into two groups . Patients of Group A underwent modified lift procedure and patients of group B underwent cutting seton procedure. Data was collected on a proforma which included patients’ name ,age ,sex, age group, comorbid disease like diabetes mellitus ,chronic liver disease, cardiovascular disease and chronic renal failure, fistula tract involving less than 50% or more than 50% external sphincter ,procedure done, healing time of wound, complications like recurrence and incontinence. Patients were followed for 6 months for healing rate ,recurrence and incontinence. Data was analysed on spss 22 version Results: In Group A, complete healing (fistula closure without recurrence) was achieved in 20 patients (80%) out of 25. There was no case of anal incontinence after the procedure. 5 (20%) patients experienced recurrence in 6 months . In Group B, complete healing (fistula closure without recurrence) was achieved in 21 patients (84%), in 6 months follow up . 4(16%) patients were diagnosed as a case of anal incontinence. There were 4 (16%) patients with recurrence. Conclusion: Modified LIFT is better in terms of incontinence where as cutting seton is better in terms of recurrence.it is suggested that for high lying fistula modified LIFT is better procedure and for low lying fistula involving less than 50% sphincter cutting seton is better procedure. Keywords: Modified LIFT (ligation of ineter sphincteric fistula tract) ,Cutting seton , transphincteric fistula.
Product Line Diversification and Its Impact on Firm Performance

The objective of the study is to measure product diversification’s impact on insurance firm’s financial performance in Pakistan. Analysis are carried out to examine how ownership structure, capitalization, group membership, firm size, diversification across business lines, industry concentration affects firm’s financial performance. Data from 2009-2019 is collected to measure the impact of diversification (entropy) on the risk- adjusted returns. Findings of the study reveal that business line diversification has strong positive effect on firm performance (for both ROA and ROE) which means that diversified firms perform better than non-diversified firms. For managers these findings are useful as they propose the need for diversification, capitalization, increase in size and group affiliation to enhance firm profitability.
Seamless Transfer Control Strategy for Grid-Interactive Inverters

Abstract—Single-phase microgrids are widely used in residential houses. The energy storage system with grid-interactive inverters in these microgrids should operate in both grid-tied and standalone modes. In this article, proportional resonant controller for the single-phase grid-interactive inverter with LCL-filter is designed and implimented in the both operation modes. Also, a novel seamless transfer strategy based on hysteresis current control is proposed when off-grid transfer operation is needed. With the proposed method, the inverter is able to provide voltage support to the local critical loads during the whole transfer process when the grid fails. For the grid-tied transfer process, a phase difference eliminating method based on inverter frequency regulation is introduced in this article to eliminate the phase difference between the grid voltage and the inverter voltage when the grid recovers. Simulation and experiments are carried out and the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Machine learning-guided design and development of metallic structural materials

In recent years, the advent of machine learning (ML) in materials science has provided a new tool for accelerating the design and discovery of new materials with a superior combination of mechanical properties for structural applications. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the current status of the ML-aided design and development of metallic alloys for structural applications, including high-performance copper alloys, nickel- and cobalt-based superalloys, titanium alloys for biomedical applications and high strength steel. We also present our perspectives regarding the further acceleration of data-driven discovery, development, design and deployment of metallic structural materials and the adoption of ML-based techniques in this endeavor.
Finitary ideals of direct products in quantales

The notion of quantale, which designates a complete lattice equipped with an associative binary multiplication distributing over arbitrary joins, appears in various areasof mathematics-in quantaloid theory, in non classical logic as completion of the Lindebaum algebra, and in different representations of the spectrum of a C∗ algebra asmany-valued and non commutative topologies. To put it briefly, its importance is nolonger to be demonstrated. Quantales are ring-like structures in that they share withrings the common fact that while as rings are semi groups in the tensor category ofabelian groups, so quantales are semi groups in the tensor category of sup-lattices.In 2008 Anderson and Kintzinger [1] investigated the ideals, prime ideals, radical ideals, primary ideals, and maximal of a product ring R × S of two commutativenon non necceray unital rings R and S: Something resembling rings are quantales byanalogy with what is studied in ring, we begin an investigation on ideals of a productof two quantales. In this paper, given two quantales Q1 and Q2; not necessarily withidentity, we investigate the ideals, prime ideals, primary ideals, and maximal ideals ofthe quantale Q1 × Q2
Resonant properties of the Sierpinski‐based fractal resonator and its application on low‐loss miniaturized dual‐mode bandpass filter

In this article, resonant characteristics of novel microstrip resonators based on the Sierpinski carpet fractal geometries are proposed in detail. With increasing the iteration order of the Sierpinski‐based fractal resonators, the resonant frequency is decreased but the unloaded quality factor is slightly enhanced. The resonant properties are discussed using the RLC equivalent circuit. Additional, the design guide for bandpass filter using the nth order resonator is also developed. Using these fractal resonators, several dual‐mode bandpass filters using different order resonators can be designed and fabricated to verify the advantages of the size and insertion loss reduction. It is also found good agreement between the simulation and measurement is achieved. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1358–1361, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24321
Drivers of alien species composition in bird markets across the world

Abstract The global pet trade is a major pathway for the introduction of invasive alien species. The composition of species selected for transport is driven by market demands, which may be influenced by a combination of both historical and cultural factors. We compared Eastern (Taiwan) and Western (Australia and the Iberian Peninsula) bird markets to explore factors associated with the species composition and geographic origin of the birds for sale. We used a bespoke randomization test to compare species composition, geographic origins, and species overlap at different taxonomic levels among bird markets across countries. Alien species identified in the study accounted for more than 10% of the world's bird species. Parrots and songbirds were the most common alien bird taxa traded across all markets. In both Iberian and Australian markets, there was a strong bias toward parrots, waxbills, gamebirds, and finches. In Taiwan, species traded more than expected were parrots, waxbills, starlings, and leafbirds. Neotropical species were the most traded group in the three markets. Afrotropical species were also traded more than expected in Iberian and Australian markets, while the Taiwanese traded more alien species from neighboring Asian regions. The bird trade focuses on the same few bird groups worldwide. The composition and origin of species preferred in the Western markets may be influenced by colonial histories, cultural similarity, and strict regulations on wildlife importation, while species preferences in Eastern markets are strongly influenced by regional culture and proximity. Propagule pressure is a dominant factor influencing the success of biological invasions; it is important to recognize differences in the composition of bird markets among regions because they can translate into different invasion risks, among other factors.
Spectral response analysis of PVDF capacitive sensors

We investigate the spectral response to ultrasound waves in water of low-noise capacitive sensors based on PVDF polymer piezoelectric films. First, we analyze theoretically the mechanical-to-electrical transduction as a function of the frequency of ultrasonic signals and derive an analytic expression of the sensor's transfer function. Then we present experimental results of the frequency response of a home-made PDVF in water to test signals from 1 to 20 MHz induced by a commercial hydrophone powered by a signal generator and compare with our theoretical model.
The Status of English in Morocco: Lessons from Spontaneous Debates in Social Media

Morocco, a multilingual country with historical and geo-political legacies, has opened a hot debate on languages recently. Within this debate, this article investigates spontaneous comments in social media on languages in Morocco, especially adopting English as a first foreign language. It aims to bring this topic to the surface and thus discuss it in the light of research on language attitudes and language awareness. To do so, it analyses the reactions to texts about the declarations by the Minister of Higher Education shared in social networks and sites. The data consisting of 2,018 comments is classified according to 12 frequent patterns whose frequencies are calculated. The findings show that most of Moroccans have positive attitudes towards English while some show opposing reactions towards French. These participants hold ambivalent opinions about the rest of languages used in Morocco; however, they tend to insist on Morocco having a clear language policy which, seemingly, prioritises the mother tongues, Arabic and Amazigh. The discussions show that some investigated reactions are mitigated as they may be illusionary.
Intrusion Detection Model of Internet of Things Based on LightGBM

SUMMARY Internet of Things (IoT) devices are widely used in various ﬁelds. However, their limited computing resources make them extremely vulnerable and di ﬃ cult to be e ﬀ ectively protected. Traditional intrusion detection systems (IDS) focus on high accuracy and low false alarm rate (FAR), making them often have too high spatiotemporal complexity to be deployed in IoT devices. In response to the above problems, this paper proposes an intrusion detection model of IoT based on the light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM). Firstly, the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to extract features from network tra ﬃ c to reduce the feature dimensions. Then, the LightGBM is used for classi-ﬁcation to detect the type of network tra ﬃ c belongs. The LightGBM is more lightweight on the basis of inheriting the advantages of the gradient boosting tree. The LightGBM has a faster decision tree construction process. Experiments on the TON-IoT and BoT-IoT datasets show that the proposed model has stronger performance and more lightweight than the comparison models. The proposed model can shorten the prediction time by 90.66% and is better than the comparison models in accuracy and other performance metrics. The proposed model has strong detection capability for denial of service (DoS) and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. Experimental results on the testbed built with IoT devices such as Raspberry Pi show that the proposed model can perform e ﬀ ective and real-time intrusion detection on IoT devices.
Identifying Controller Strategies that Support the ‘Picture’

Air traffic controllers build up a comprehensive mental representation of the current traffic scenario, which is known as the ‘picture. ’ This picture helps them ensure that aircraft are safely separated as they travel from one point to another in the airspace system. The maintenance of the picture is related to various strategies that controllers use to determine if a conflict exists between two aircraft. However, studies that deal with identifying such strategies are lacking. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to cohesively bring together the empirical literature that identifies these strategies and the instances in which they are used, to provide the reader with a basic set of strategies controllers use in conflict detection situations, and to discuss the application of such strategies in relates to controller training.
Fast frequency allocation in WDM systems with unequally spaced channels

A new method for allocating the unequally space channels (USCs) in WDM systems to minimise the crosstalk caused by four-wave mixing is presented. The proposed method has the advantages of easy computer implementation, fast generation of USC sets, and flexible change of system parameters. The results show that a larger-size set can be easily constructed from the smaller-size set to facilitate engineering applications. The optimal/suboptimal USC sets are also obtained.
Linearized modulator for suboctave-bandpass optical analog links

The spurious-free dynamic range of a suboctave externally modulated optical analog link can be improved (to >140 dB Hz/sup 4/5/) with modest received optical power and little noise figure penalty by using a simple linearized modulator. Its design consists of two standard Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulators in series, and so can operate at microwave frequencies. This paper develops standardized measures of linearized modulator performance, and uses them to evaluate the modulator; link examples are also given. A simple experiment verifies the basic theoretical predictions. >
Bulk piezoelectric ceramic transformers

In this contribution, we present a review on the various bulk piezoelectric ceramic transformers based on planar vibration modes. The studied transformer shapes include rectangular bar, rings and discs (e.g. disc ring dot) homogeneously poled in the thickness direction. Electrical parameters like transformation ratio, efficiency and input and output power are measured and modelled as a function of frequency and resistive load in the secondary circuit. Analytical modelling has been performed for the ‘Rosen type’ and ‘ring dot’ disc or ring transformers as well as for the bar transformers and several other geometries. Finite element analysis modelling has been performed for the set of other more complicated disc transformer geometries. An overview of the results on the studied transformers is presented, including data on transformation ratio, efficiency and optimum load.
Maximum torque control of an induction machine in the field weakening region

An approach to induction-machine control which ensures maximum torque per ampere over the entire field weakening region is presented. The relation of the output torque capability to the leakage inductance of the machine is examined. By adjusting the base speed for the field weakening operation according to the flux level, the current limit, and the voltage limit, smooth and precise transition into the field weakening operation can be achieved. The proposed scheme is verified through simulation and experiment for a 5 hp laboratory induction motor drive system. <<ETX>>