Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the Deswelling Process of Organ-Cultured Corneas

Purpose: During deswelling of organ-cultured human corneas, endothelial cell loss occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the deswelling time and achieving an optimal central corneal thickness (CCT) of approximately 550 μm at the same time. We investigated the minimal deswelling time necessary and analyzed endothelial cell loss. Methods: Fifty-eight human corneas were stored between 13 and 81 days in organ culture. CCT was measured by optical coherence tomography. Measurements were performed before preparation, during culturing, before deswelling, and after varying deswelling periods (1-72 hours) using 5% dextran. Additionally, vital staining was performed in 6 human corneas to assess endothelial cell loss between 24 and 30 hours of deswelling. To evaluate absolute cell loss, endothelial cells were counted on human corneal pairs after 24 and 30 hours of deswelling. Results: After organ culture, mean CCT was 1194 μm. After 24 hours of deswelling in dextran-containing medium, mean CCT was 600 μm, whereas after 30 hours, mean CCT was 510 μm and hardly any corneas showed a CCT of more than 550 μm. Almost no further decrease in CCT was observed thereafter. No factors could be identified predicting the necessary deswelling time; however, paired corneas showed significant correlation of deswelling characteristics. We did not see any differences in endothelial cell loss 24 and 30 hours of deswelling or the ratio of living to dead endothelial cell counts. Conclusions: Deswelling for 24 hours does not provide an optimal corneal thickness. Because endothelial cell loss does not increase between 24 and 30 hours of deswelling, a period of 30 hours is more suitable for obtaining sufficient corneal thickness.
Homozygous deletion in MICU1 presenting with fatigue and lethargy in childhood

Objective: To define the mechanism responsible for fatigue, lethargy, and weakness in 2 cousins who had a normal muscle biopsy. Methods: Exome sequencing, long-range PCR, and Sanger sequencing to identify the pathogenic mutation. Functional analysis in the patient fibroblasts included oxygen consumption measurements, extracellular acidification studies, Western blotting, and calcium imaging, followed by overexpression of the wild-type protein. Results: Analysis of the exome sequencing depth revealed a homozygous deletion of exon 1 of MICU1 within a 2,755-base pair deletion. No MICU1 protein was detected in patient fibroblasts, which had impaired mitochondrial calcium uptake that was rescued through the overexpression of the wild-type allele. Conclusions: MICU1 mutations cause fatigue and lethargy in patients with normal mitochondrial enzyme activities in muscle. The fluctuating clinical course is likely mediated through the mitochondrial calcium uniporter, which is regulated by MICU1.
A Fully-Printed Self-Biased Polymeric Audio Amplifier for Driving Fully-Printed Piezoelectric Loudspeakers

In this paper, a printed audio amplifier, which is a new application for organic electronics, is suggested. The amplifier consists of several fully-printed bendable components including: a loudspeaker, organic field effect transistors (OFETs), capacitors, and resistors. All components are fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate by means of high-throughput printing techniques. A complete self-biased circuit is reported consisting of large multi-finger OFETs with channel length of 20 μm and total width of 0.475 meter. The amplifier provides a peak voltage gain of 18 dB at 400 Hz, can reproduce sound pressure level of 36-60 dBA over 700 Hz to 12.5 kHz at one meter distance, and has a unity-gain-bandwidth of 17.7 kHz/5.2 kHz when driving 0 nF/~39 nF load at VDD = 80 V, respectively. The impact of bias-stress effects on the amplifier performance is measured to be ~3 dBA sound loss after 5 hours of continuous operation. The whole circuit is packaged and laminated on a separate PET sheet. In addition, the intrinsic electrical impedance of the printed PVDF-TrFE piezoelectric polymer used in the loudspeaker is characterized, and is modeled by a complex dielectric constant.
Learning to fail in aphasia: an investigation of error learning in naming.

PURPOSE To determine whether the naming impairment in aphasia is influenced by error learning and whether error learning is related to type of retrieval strategy. METHOD Nine participants with aphasia and 10 neurologically intact controls named familiar proper noun concepts. When experiencing tip-of-the-tongue naming failure (TOT) in an initial TOT-elicitation phase, participants were instructed to adopt phonological or semantic self-cued retrieval strategies. In the error learning manipulation, items evoking TOT states during TOT elicitation were randomly assigned to a short or long time condition in which participants were encouraged to continue to try to retrieve the name for either 20 s (short interval) or 60 s (long). The incidence of TOT on the same items was measured on a post-test after 48 hr. Error learning was defined as a higher rate of recurrent TOTs (TOT at both TOT elicitation and post-test) for items assigned to the long (versus short) time condition. RESULTS In the phonological condition, participants with aphasia showed error learning, whereas controls showed a pattern opposite to error learning. There was no evidence for error learning in the semantic condition for either group. CONCLUSION Error learning is operative in aphasia but is dependent on the type of strategy used during naming failure.
The influence of organizational factors on implementing servitization strategy

Today, many leading companies in developed economy offerings an integration of services with their core products, which comprise a significant shift in the underlying business model. This movement has been coined the `servitization of business'. In this exploratory paper, we discuss the influence of organizational factors by five different indicators, namely, vision/strategy, leadership, organization, human resources, and sales & marketing to assist the implementation of firm servitization strategy. Data was collected from a giant electronics company of Hitachi Limited, Japan. Organization answer to a survey included multiple and open questions about the perception, process, barriers, and execution of servitization strategy. In general results show that the factors like, customer-centric strategy, cross-functional collaboration, business integration, communication skills, and solution oriented process have more influence on building a high performance service model and its capabilities; new relationship with customers, nurture a service culture and supporting the processes towards servitization of business.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering (SERRS): A Review of Applications

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) can provide positive identification of an analyte or an analyte mixture with high sensitivity and selectivity. Better understanding of the theory and advances in the understanding of the practice have led to the development of practical applications in which the unique advantages of SERS/SERRS have been used to provide effective solutions to difficult analytical problems. This review presents a basic theory and illustrates the way in which SERS/SERRS has been developed for practical use.
A Detection Algorithm for Islanding-Prevention of Dispersed Consumer-Owned Storage and Generating Units

One of critical concerns in the operation of grid-connected dispersed generating units is the occurrence of islanding. Islanding may pose hazards to utility personnel and complicate the orderly reconnection of the grid. Hence, in this paper, a new algorithm based on the monitoring of the change in dfldPL to detect the islanding is proposed. By the proposed method, a detection index can be evaluated that serves as a useful reference to activate the protective relays. This approach has been applied to investigate different scenarios, including the loss of grid and the parallel operation. Effects of load change and power-quality disturbances to the detection performance are also examined. From these test results, they help solidify the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach for the applications considered.
Escherichia coli Strain Nissle 1917 Ameliorates Experimental Colitis via Toll-Like Receptor 2- and Toll-Like Receptor 4-Dependent Pathways

ABSTRACT Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key components of the innate immune system that trigger antimicrobial host defense responses. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle strain 1917 in experimental colitis induced in TLR-2 and TLR-4 knockout mice. Colitis was induced in wild-type (wt), TLR-2 knockout, and TLR-4 knockout mice via administration of 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Mice were treated with either 0.9% NaCl or 107E. coli Nissle 1917 twice daily, followed by the determination of disease activity, mucosal damage, and cytokine secretion. wt and TLR-2 knockout mice exposed to DSS developed acute colitis, whereas TLR-4 knockout mice developed significantly less inflammation. In wt mice, but not TLR-2 or TLR-4 knockout mice, E. coli Nissle 1917 ameliorated colitis and decreased proinflammatory cytokine secretion. In TLR-2 knockout mice a selective reduction of gamma interferon secretion was observed after E. coli Nissle 1917 treatment. In TLR-4 knockout mice, cytokine secretion was almost undetectable and not modulated by E. coli Nissle 1917, indicating that TLR-4 knockout mice do not develop colitis similar to the wt mice. Coculture of E. coli Nissle 1917 and human T cells increased TLR-2 and TLR-4 protein expression in T cells and increased NF-κB activity via TLR-2 and TLR-4. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that E. coli Nissle 1917 ameliorates experimental induced colitis in mice via TLR-2- and TLR-4-dependent pathways.
High‐Resolution NMR imaging of an antigen‐induced arthritis in the Rabbit Knee

High‐resolution, serial, spin‐echo images were obtained for an antigen‐induced knee arthritis in six rabbits. The animals were imaged prior to intra‐articular challenge and at various time points up to 14 weeks after challenge. Extensive high‐signal inflammatory changes were seen at Day 1 in the lymph node, capsule, and surrounding muscle. The muscle and lymph node response decreased rapidly after the first week. The capsule high‐signal area reached a maximum at Day 10, but was still extensive at Day 39. The infrapatellar fat pad was replaced more slowly by high signal and the appearance of high signal in both the tibia and femur was a late change. Terminal histological examination showed that the capsule and fat pad high‐signal areas corresponded to fibrous and synovial proliferation. The bone changes were a result of edema and cyst formation. The separation of the various time courses of the inflammatory changes may be of value in understanding the model and evaluating potential anti‐arthritic drugs. © 1989 Academic Press, Inc.
Does Hazy Weather Influence Earnings Management of Heavy-Polluting Enterprises? A Chinese Empirical Study from the Perspective of Negative Social Concerns

During the 2014 APEC Conference, there was a long presence of blue sky (APEC Blue) after a long-time occurrence of hazy weather in Beijing, China, which prompted the public’s attention to heavy-polluting enterprises to reach a new peak. Will the public’s negative concern about the incident will affect the operation of heavy-polluting enterprises? In this paper, we analyzed the influence of the haze-related exogenous events before and after the “APEC Blue” on earnings management of heavy-polluting enterprises from a new perspective of negative social attention. We carry out research from three perspectives for further research, which involve the growth in the demand for accounting information disclosure, the increase of consumers’ low-carbon consciousness and differences in the amount of attention on enterprises with different properties and scales. Results indicate that heavy-polluting enterprises have stronger preference for downward earnings management, especially in those enterprises that are large in scale, non-state owned, or have a direct relationship with consumers.
A 35mW8 b 8.8 GS/s SAR ADC with low-power capacitive reference buffers in 32nm Digital SOI CMOS

An asynchronous 8× interleaved redundant SAR ADC achieving 8.8GS/s at 35mW and 1V supply is presented. The ADC features pass-gate selection clocking scheme for time-skew minimization and per-channel gain control based on low-power reference voltage buffers. The sub-ADC stacks the capacitive SAR DAC (CDAC) with the reference capacitor to reduce the area and enhance the settling speed. It achieves 38.5dB SNDR and 58fJ/conversion-step with a core chip area of 0.025mm2 in 32nm CMOS SOI technology.
Program Synthesis

Program synthesis is the task of automatically ﬁnding a program in the underlying programming language that satisﬁes the user intent expressed in the form of some speciﬁcation. Since the inception of AI in the 1950s, this problem has been considered the holy grail of Computer Science. Despite inherent challenges in the problem such as ambiguity of user intent and a typically enormous search space of programs, the ﬁeld of program synthesis has developed many diﬀerent techniques that enable program synthesis in diﬀerent real-life application domains. It is now used successfully in software engineering, biological discovery, computer-aided education, end-user programming, and data cleaning. In the last decade, several applications of synthesis in the ﬁeld of programming by examples have been deployed in mass-market industrial products. This survey is a general overview of the state-of-the-art approaches to program synthesis, its applications, and subﬁelds. We discuss the general principles common to all modern synthesis approaches such as syntactic bias, oracle-guided inductive search, and optimization techniques. We then present a literature review covering the four most common state-of-the-art techniques in program synthesis: enumerative search, constraint solving, stochastic search, and deduction-based programming by examples. We conclude with a brief list of future horizons for the ﬁeld.
Real-time processing of SAR images for linear and non-linear tracks

A distributed real-time processing framework is used to implement a generic processor for linear and non-linear tracks. The focus is on the implementation of direct back-projection (DBP) and fast factorized back-projection (FFBP) algorithms in the framework. The software is described in detail on how it is tailored to achieve a real-time computation of a SAR image using multiprocessors, multicore CPUs and GPUs. Results are validated with airborne SAR data acquired by the DLR's F-SAR sensor.
Seismic wave propagation in fractured media

Relations of nonlinear processes of seismic wave radiation by a ground-based vibrational source and their ldquoaccumulationrdquo during the propagation of waves in the medium are considered. Results of numerical modeling of the dependence of the parameters of seismic wave field nonlinearity on the characteristics of mediumpsilas inhomogeneity are presented. Fluid-saturated fractured media with different parameters of physical elasticity are considered as examples.
Ro5‐4864 promotes neonatal motor neuron survival and nerve regeneration in adult rats

The translocator protein (18 kDa; TSPO), formerly known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein that associates with the mitochondrial permeability transition pore to regulate both steroidogenesis and apoptosis. TSPO expression is induced in adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons after peripheral nerve injury and a TSPO receptor ligand, Ro5‐4864, enhances DRG neurite growth in vitro and axonal regeneration in vivo. We have now found that TSPO is induced in neonatal motor neurons after peripheral nerve injury and have evaluated its involvement in neonatal and adult sensory and motor neuron survival, and in adult motor neuron regeneration. The TSPO ligand Ro5‐4864 rescued cultured neonatal DRG neurons from nerve growth factor withdrawal‐induced apoptosis and protected neonatal spinal cord motor neurons from death due to sciatic nerve axotomy. However, Ro5‐4864 had only a small neuroprotective effect on adult facial motor neurons after axotomy, did not delay onset or prolong survival in SOD1 mutant mice, and failed to protect adult DRG neurons from sciatic nerve injury‐induced death. In contrast, Ro5‐4864 substantially enhanced adult facial motor neuron nerve regeneration and restoration of function after facial nerve axotomy. These data indicate a selective sensitivity of neonatal sensory and motor neurons to survival in response to Ro5‐4864, which highlights that survival in injured immature neurons cannot necessarily predict success in adults. Furthermore, although Ro5‐4864 is only a very weak promoter of survival in adult neurons, it significantly enhances regeneration and functional recovery in adults.
The Effect of Sodium Saccharin on the Growth of Escherichia coli , Proteus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis

Sodyum sakkarin, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis’in üremesi üzerine etkisi. E.coli, Proteus spp, P.aeruginosa, S.epidermidis, S.aureus ve E.faecalis’in üremesi 20-320 mg/ml Na-saccharin varl›g›nda incelenmifltir. Üremeyi ölçmek için spektrofotometrik yöntemler kullan›lm›flt›r. Nasaccharin’in düflük konsatrasyonlar›nda P.aeruginosa, S.epidermidis, S.aureus ve E.faecalis’in üremesi üzerine etki saptanamazken, E.coli ve Proteus spp üremeleri inhibe olmufltur. Yüksek konsatrasyonlarda P.aeruginosa, S.epidermidis, S.aureus ve E.faecalis dahil tüm bakteriler inhibe olmufltur.
Jaw Muscle Development and Metamorphosis in Tadpoles of Eastern Narrowmouth Toads ( Gastrophryne carolinensis : Microhylidae )

Most amphibians have two distinct periods of development; embryogenesis which results in the formation of the larval stage, and metamorphosis which transforms the larva into an adult. The most dramatic metamorphic transformations occur in frogs where virtually every tissue is remodeled. The current work uses myosin antibodies and whole-mount immunohistochemistry to describe jaw muscle development and metamorphosis in tadpoles of Eastern Narrowmouth Toads (Gastrophryne carolinensis) and American Toads (Anaxyrus americanus). In Narrowmouth Toads the primary differences in jaw muscles involve a more anterior origin of the levator mandibulae muscles from the palatoquadrate, reduced size and dorsal-most margin of the orbitohyoideus, and the increased size and more oblique fiber orientation of the interhyoideus. Similar differences have been reported in previous work comparing microhylid tadpoles with members of other frog families. Architectural changes in the orbitohyoideus and interhyoideus are associated with the transition from a generalized feeding strategy based on scraping food from the substrate using keratinized mouthparts to a strategy focused on filter feeding of small-suspended particles. Our descriptions of jaw muscle development in G. carolinensis are consistent with decreased developmental rate and early offset of jaw development hypothesized for closely related frogs with similar feeding strategies.
Implementing the Sisyphus-93 task using Soar/TAQL

Abstract Systems can be implemented in the Soar problem-solving architecture by using a stratified development approach. First, the developer describes the structure of the task knowledge at the knowledge level. Next, the developer maps that knowledge into abstract components of Soar’s problem-space computational model. Finally, the developer encodes the problem-space model in an executable representation. The transformations at each stage preserve the original knowledge-level structure of the task. This paper describes how this approach yielded a working prototype implementation of the Sisyphus-93 elevator-configuration task in less than a week.
Candela-class high-brightness InGaN / AIGaN double-heterostructure bluelight-emitting

Candela-class high-brightness InGaN/AIGaN double-heterostructure (DH) blue-light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with the luminous intensity over 1 cd were fabricated. As an active layer, a Zn-doped InGaN layer was used for the DH LEDs. The typical output power was 1500 /. LW and the external quantum efficiency was as high as 2.7% at a forward current of 20 mA at room temperature. The peak wavelength and the full width at half-maximum of the electroluminescence were 450 and 70 nm, respectively. This value of luminous intensity was the highest ever reported for blue LEDs.
Fatal visceral and neural sarcocystosis in dogs.

This paper describes acute visceral and neural sarcocystosis in four dogs. One animal was simultaneously infected with distemper virus, and another with Blastomyces dermatitidis. Schizonts and merozoites of Sarcocystis canis were found in the lesions. 1999 W.B. Saunders and Company Ltd.
Single-leg-stance radiographs in the diagnosis of pelvic instability.

BACKGROUND In the nonacute setting, the diagnosis of pelvic instability is difficult. Patients who present with pelvic pain may have underlying instability. The purpose of the present study was to report the effectiveness of single-leg-stance radiographs in the diagnosis of pelvic instability in a consecutive series of patients presenting with pelvic pain. METHODS Thirty-eight consecutive patients (twenty-four women and fourteen men) ranging in age from eighteen to seventy-eight years who presented with pelvic pain and a history of injury (twenty-seven), childbirth (seven [four primiparous and three multiparous]), or osteopenia (four) were evaluated with a visual analog scale pain score and a standard series of radiographs in an attempt to identify pelvic instability. The average time from the onset of symptoms to the evaluation was forty-one months (range, six weeks to twenty-seven years). Each patient was evaluated with supine anteroposterior, inlet, and outlet pelvic radiographs; a standing anteroposterior pelvic radiograph; and two single-leg-standing pelvic radiographs (one with the patient standing on the left leg and one with the patient standing on the right leg). A positive finding was defined as >or=0.5 cm of vertical translation measured at the symphyseal bodies between the two single-leg-stance radiographs. RESULTS Of the thirty-eight patients, twenty-five demonstrated pelvic instability (average, 1.98 cm; range, 0.5 to 5 cm). With the numbers available, the average visual analog scale pain score for the patients with a stable pelvis was not significantly different from that for the patients with an unstable pelvis (6.4 +/- 2.9 compared with 7.3 +/- 1.9; p = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS Standing anteroposterior and single-leg-stance pelvic radiographs aid in the diagnosis of pelvic instability more effectively than do the standard three radiographs of the pelvis made in the supine position or a standing anteroposterior radiograph of the pelvis alone. Additional studies will be needed to correlate this instability with clinical symptoms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.