Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variation in Resource Overlap Between Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and Native Species in Poyang Lake Wetland, China

Biological invasions are a significant component of current global environmental change that affect biodiversity as well as ecosystem processes and services. The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is one of the most invasive species worldwide, with a documented ability to deplete basal food resources and alter the structure of aquatic food webs. The red swamp crayfish has extensively invaded the Poyang Lake wetland, located in the middle reach of the Yangtze River basin. Here, we use an isotopic mixing model (MixSIAR) with data from stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) to estimate relative contributions of potential resources to the biomass of red swamp crayfish and ten common native species, and we use hierarchical clustering analysis to assess basal resource breadth and interspecific similarity of invasive and native species. We hypothesized that red swamp crayfish and several native species have similar trophic niches and may compete for basal resources. Results from the mixing model demonstrated seasonal variation in the basal resource of all species, including the red swamp crayfish and native snails, prawns, and fishes. Submerged macrophytes and detritus were estimated to be the most important sources during the rising-water season; during the high-water season, emergent macrophytes and detritus were most important; and during the falling-water season, detritus, POM, and floating macrophytes were most important. Resource overlap was substantial between the invasive crayfish and dominant native species, particularly the freshwater snail (Bellamya aeruginosa), indicating the potential exists for negative impact from competition under conditions of resource limitation.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Asymmetrically Branched Human Milk Oligosaccharide Lacto-N-Hexaose

We herein reported the first chemoenzymatic synthesis of lacto-N-hexaose (LNH) by combining chemical carbohydrate synthesis with a selectively enzymatic glycosylation strategy. A tetrasaccharide core structure GlcNH2β1→3 (GlcNAcβ1→6) Galβ1→4Glc, a key precursor for subsequent enzymatic glycan extension toward asymmetrically branched human milk oligosaccharides, was synthesized in this work. When the order of galactosyltransferase-catalyzed reactions was appropriately arranged, the β1,4-galactosyl and β1,3-galactosyl moieties could be sequentially assembled on the C6-arm and C3-arm of the tetrasaccharide, respectively, to achieve an efficient LNH synthesis. Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnH), another common human milk oligosaccharide, was also synthesized en route to the target LNH.
Factors Influencing Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in Chinese Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

To investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) and analyze the influencing factors of PTSS among adolescents in a large sample study during the COVID-19 pandemic, we did a cross-sectional study by collecting demographic data and mental health measurements from a large group of 175,318 adolescents in 32 Chinese provinces and autonomous regions, using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) that was used to measure the PTSS of the participants. The results showed that the prevalence of PTSS was 35.7% in Chinese adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that, for the personal risk factors, the older age, female gender, the personality domains of extroversion, the irregular sleep schedule, the lack of aerobic exercise, and the lack of peer support were associated with the higher levels of PTSS. The family subjective and objective factors were associated with higher levels of PTSS. Our findings suggested that family factors are the most important factors that affect Chinese adolescents' PTSS due to the longtime home quarantine.
Exercise Prescription Improve the Rehabilitation of a Child With Viral Encephalitis Sequelae: A Case Report

This study conducted a personalized exercise prescription intervention on a child with viral encephalitis sequelae (VES). The purpose was to observe the rehabilitation process from the aspects of brain activation, and the curative effects on balance function and gait. A further aim was to explore the possible nerve biomechanical mechanisms between the extent of brain activation and the improvement in balance function and gait. A 12-week exercise prescription was used as the treatment method, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), balance function test system, plantar pressure distribution system, and 3D gait system were used to assess the effects of the rehabilitation process pre and post the intervention. Following the exercise prescription intervention: (1) fNIRS showed that brain activation in the S1–D1, S1–D2, S1–D3, S2–D1, S3–D2, S3–D3, S4–D3, S5–D5, S5–D6, S5–D7, S7–D6, S7–D7, S8–D7, and S8–D8 increased significantly (P < 0.05). (2) The balance test showed that the area of motion ellipse and movement length of the child with eyes open decreased significantly and area of motion ellipse, back and forth swing, left and right swing and movement length of the child with eyes closed all decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (3) The static plantar pressure distribution demonstrated that the pressure center of the left and right foot decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from 5.3° dislocation in a straight line in the sagittal plane to 1°; an increment of the pressure loading was found on the forefoot of both feet compared with what was recorded in the pre-test. (4) The testing results of the 3D gait system showed that she had a shortened time of unilateral support phase and prolonged swing phase on the affected leg (P < 0.05), compared to that of the non-affected leg. Furthermore, the dual support phase had also been prolonged (P < 0.05). Conclusion: 12 weeks’ individualized exercise training can enhance the activation in the motor areas and improve balance function and gait in a child with VES.
The Mechanism of Short-Term Monocular Pattern Deprivation-Induced Perceptual Eye Dominance Plasticity

Previously published studies have reported that 150 min of short-term monocular deprivation temporarily changes perceptual eye dominance. However, the possible mechanisms underlying monocular deprivation-induced perceptual eye dominance plasticity remain unclear. Using a binocular phase and contrast co-measurement task and a multi-pathway contrast-gain control model (MCM), we studied the effect of 150 min of monocular pattern deprivation (MPD) in normal adult subjects. The perceived phase and contrast varied significantly with the interocular contrast ratio, and after MPD, the patched eye (PE) became dominant. Most importantly, we focused on the potential mechanisms of the deprivation effect. The data of an averaged subject was best fitted by a model, which assumed a monocular signal enhancement of the PE after the MPD. The present findings might have important implications for investigations of binocular vision in both normal and amblyopic populations.
Time After Time: Attachment Orientations and Impression Formation in Initial and Longer-Term Team Interactions

If securely attached individuals typically exhibit more desirable attributes, can insecure individuals be perceived positively when working in teams despite their interpersonal disadvantages? In an exploratory study, using both a vignette based experimental research design (n = 636) and a round-robin study of professionals working on a team task for nine consecutive weeks (k = 648), we examined the evolving impressions of insecurely attached individuals over time. We find that while anxiously attached individuals are perceived more positively in initial interactions, this initial positive effect for anxious attachment disappeared over time as individuals within teams gained more relational knowledge about their team members. We also found a stable and negative effect of avoidant attachment. We discuss possible reasons for the temporal underpinnings of this effect and compare our findings to previous literature.
COVID-19 Impact on Teachers’ Organizational Commitment in Schools

Highly committed teachers spend more effort helping their schools achieve their academic goals. The COVID-19 pandemic had a dire effect on education worldwide. However, just after a few semesters, teachers were asked to return back to schools to teach in person. This study aims to analyze the organizational commitment levels of school teachers before and after the implementation of the COVID-19 pandemic measures that resulted in a two-semester break in face-to-face teaching. In this study, a quantitative research method was utilized. Commitment levels of a total of 300 teachers were assessed in a longitudinal test by using a popular tool in order to see the relative change as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus. The study mainly focuses on gender, marital status, education levels, job experience, and duration of work in the organizations, and the information obtained in the form of responses was statistically analyzed. According to the results of the quantitative analysis, the sampling average for the organizational commitment was determined to be at a medium-to-high level. The commitment levels of teachers were observed to be decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic measures came to be implemented in schools. A detailed investigation of the school teachers’ commitment levels corresponding to the different demographic characteristics before COVID-19 and after the implementation of normalization measures is presented in this study.
Analysis of Learning Behavior of Human Posture Recognition in Maker Education

Maker education mainly involves “hands-on” as the core concept and combines various educational theories to redefine interactions between learners and teachers in a learning environment. Identification of meaningful “hands-on” behaviors is crucial to evaluate students’ learning performance, although an instructor’s observation of every student is not feasible. However, such observation is possible with the aid of the artificial intelligence (AI) image processing technique; the AI learning behavior recognition system can serve as the second eyes of teachers, thus accounting for individual differences. However, in previous studies, learning behavior recognition was applied to the traditional or static classroom. A behavior recognition system for identifying “hands-on” actions in the learning context has still not been developed. Therefore, this study designed a human posture evaluation system, obtained human articulation node information from learning field images, and built a learning behavior recognition model suitable for maker education based on the AI convolutional neural network (CNN). A learning behavior model was defined, along with a number of student behavior indexes. Subsequently, the effectiveness of the model and behavior indexes was verified through practical learning activities. The model evaluation results indicated that the proposed model achieved a training accuracy of 0.99 and a model accuracy of 0.83. Thus, the model can be applied to dynamic maker activity learning environments.
Building Efficient CNN Architectures for Histopathology Images Analysis: A Case-Study in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Classification

Background Deep learning methods have demonstrated remarkable performance in pathology image analysis, but they are computationally very demanding. The aim of our study is to reduce their computational cost to enable their use with large tissue image datasets. Methods We propose a method called Network Auto-Reduction (NAR) that simplifies a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) by reducing the network to minimize the computational cost of doing a prediction. NAR performs a compound scaling in which the width, depth, and resolution dimensions of the network are reduced together to maintain a balance among them in the resulting simplified network. We compare our method with a state-of-the-art solution called ResRep. The evaluation is carried out with popular CNN architectures and a real-world application that identifies distributions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in tissue images. Results The experimental results show that both ResRep and NAR are able to generate simplified, more efficient versions of ResNet50 V2. The simplified versions by ResRep and NAR require 1.32× and 3.26× fewer floating-point operations (FLOPs), respectively, than the original network without a loss in classification power as measured by the Area under the Curve (AUC) metric. When applied to a deeper and more computationally expensive network, Inception V4, NAR is able to generate a version that requires 4× lower than the original version with the same AUC performance. Conclusions NAR is able to achieve substantial reductions in the execution cost of two popular CNN architectures, while resulting in small or no loss in model accuracy. Such cost savings can significantly improve the use of deep learning methods in digital pathology. They can enable studies with larger tissue image datasets and facilitate the use of less expensive and more accessible graphics processing units (GPUs), thus reducing the computing costs of a study.
Performance, carcass yield, and meat quality of broilers supplemented with organic or inorganic zinc

A total of 640 one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks, half male and half female, were reared up to 49 days of age. A completely randomized 2 × 4 factorial design was used. Experimental treatments consisted of four levels of organic zinc supplementation and one control (inorganic zinc supplementation) and two levels of sex (female and male), with four replicates of 16 birds per experimental plot. Animal performance, carcass and cut yields, and meat quality were evaluated. Feed intake increased with zinc supplementation. Broilers that received the lowest level of organic zinc showed better feed conversion than those fed an equivalent level of inorganic zinc. Increased levels of organic zinc reduced the abdominal fat content in females but impaired the oxidative stability of meat. The results showed that male broilers have better performance, carcass yield, and meat quality than females and that organic zinc improves broiler feed conversion and reduces abdominal fat but increases lipid oxidation in meat. vitamin E, 2,080.000mg; vitamin B1, 1,449.175mg; vitamin B2, 1,040.000mg; vitamin B6, 273.488mg; vitamin B12, 2,600.000mg; vitamin K3, 523.900mg; pantothenic acid, 2,099.500mg; niacin, 5,207.475mg; folic acid, 65.000mg; biotin, 3.250mg; choline, 72,800.000mg; methionine, 333,073.100mg; lysine, 98,000.000mg; iron, 6,825.000mg; copper, 1,462.500mg; manganese, 11,334.380mg; cobalt, 32.500mg; iodine, 158.438mg; selenium, 48.750mg; and antioxidant, 2,600.000mg. Finisher diet, vitamin A, 2,250.000IU/g; vitamin D3, 629.688IU/g; vitamin E, 2,000.000mg; vitamin B1, 1,393.438mg; vitamin B2, 1,000.000mg; vitamin B6, 262.969mg; vitamin B12, 2,500.000mg; vitamin K3, 503.750mg; pantothenic acid, 2,018.750mg; niacin, 5,007.188mg; folic acid, 62.500mg; biotin, 3.125mg; choline, 70,000.000mg; methionine, 297,070.300mg; lysine, 114,333.300mg; iron, 6,562.500mg; copper, 1,406.250mg; manganese, 10,898.440mg; cobalt, 31.250mg; iodine, 152.344mg; selenium, 46.875mg; antioxidant, 2,500.000mg. 2 ME,
Effect of eight different rootstocks on agronomic and fruit quality parameters of two sweet cherry cultivars in Mediterranean conditions

6 Pags. - 3 Tabls. Articulo basado en aportacion original previa de los autores al VII International Cherry Symposium (Plasencia, Espana. June 23-27 2013). The definitive version is available at: http://www.actahort. org/index.htm
Risk Perception and Unsafe Behaviors in Occupational Health and Safety

In the case study, the reasons of unsafe behaviors of an employee during the activities carried out in a construction site in Istanbul province were investigated. Perceived risk is evaluated by subjective view of expected value based on the importance of the anticipated results. The aim of the study was to change the risk perception and attitude of the employee. It was seen that the employee was distancing from the dangerous behavior model thanks to safe working trainings with based on adult education.
L2 Motivational Self System and Self-Perceived Academic Competence among English Department Students at Mohammed V University

The present study had a two-fold objective. First, it purported to explore Moroccan English Department students’ L2 Motivational Self System--viz: the ideal L2 self, the ought-to L2 self and the L2 learning experience, in line with D rnyei 2 2 and later works. As a second objective, it sought to uncover the relationship, if any, between the foregoing motivational variables and the students’ perceived academic competence The study, thus, hypothesized that a) the variables under study exhibit the same weight in the respondents’ motivational behavior and that b these variables have a bearing on students’ perceived academic competence. A 19-item questionnaire was distributed to 56 students at Mohammed V University, Morocco. The items were scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree”. The results indicated a strong ideal L2 self among the respondents, as against a weaker L2 learning experience and an even weaker ought-to L2 self. The ideal L2 self was also shown to shape these respondents’ perceived academic competence.
Les courbes de Phillips et de Beveridge: une reformulation

This paper studies the cyclical labor market properties of a model which aims to account for the Phillips and Beveridge curves. Monopolist ic competition and sticky prices on the goods market are introduced in a lab or market search model disturbed by both technological and money supply sh ocks. We explain the specific propagation mechanisms on the labor market related to money supply shocks and show that they help to understand aggre gate labor market dynamics.
Bug Fixing in Action : Activities , Process , and Knowledge Master ’ s Thesis

Bug fixing plays a vital role in software development. Research has shown that debugging occupies around half of the programming time and costs huge financial budgets as well as massive human resources. A case study of WordPress is conducted in this thesis to provide insights into the modern bug fixing practices. This study investigates bug fixing from there perspectives: bug fixing activities, the bug fixing process, and knowledge flow in bug fixing. First, we examine the limitations of using the bug status to understand bug fixing activities and identify bug fixing activities by inspecting bug tickets and communication archives. Second, we propose an approach to extract a process model of bug fixing, analyze when the communication tools are used, and explore the task distribution patterns of community leads. Third, we study how knowledge flows between bug tickets and how external knowledge resources aggregate on the bug tracking system. As a result, our study proposes a new way to explore bug fixing process and provides new insights into the bug fixing practice. Moreover, we give suggestions for improving the bug fixing tools and practice, and present typologies for bug fixing activities, reasons of bug references, and external resources on bug tracking systems. Our results can serve as the basis for future bug fixing studies.
Assessing Lean and Positional Error of Individual Mature Douglas-Firs with Active and Passive Sensors

There is a growing demand for point cloud data that can produce reliable single tree measurements. The most common platforms for obtaining such data are unmanned aircraft systems with passive sensors unamend aircraft equipped with aerial lidar scanners (ALS), and mobile lidar scanners (MLS). Our objectives were to compare the capabilities of the UAS, ALS and MLS to locate treetops and stems, and to estimate tree lean. The platforms were used to produce overlapping point clouds of a mature Douglas-Fir stand, from which 273 trees were manually identified. Control trees were used to test tree detection accuracy of four algorithms and the number of stems detectable using each platform. Tree lean 30 was calculated in two ways: using the stem location near the canopy and using the treetop. The treetops 31 were detected more accurately from ALS and UAS clouds than from MLS, but the MLS outperformed ALS and UAS in stem detection. The platform influenced treetop detection accuracy, whereas the 33 algorithms did not. The height estimates from the ALS and MLS were correlated (R 2 =0.96), but the MLS height estimates were unreliable, especially as distance from the scanner increased. The lean estimates using the stem locations or treetop locations produced analogous distributions for all three platforms.
Computational Prediction of SNPs of CYP17A1 and CYP19A1

The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 proteins involved in steroidogenesis. Majority o polymorphisms have yet not been evaluated for their possible damaging effects on protein structure and function of both the genes. In present analysis, we tried to find out the effect of damage associated nsSNPs of both CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 gene by using various computational algorithms. Out of 205 and 246 nsSNPs reported for CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 gene, total 13 and 7 were predicted to affect the structure and function respectively. R125Q, R416H and F453S substitutions of CYP17A1 gene were not reported previously hence provide the new dataset of unexplored SNPs for their validation. By our results we also found that substitution of mainly Arginine or Phenyl alanine within conserved domain of redox binding, heam binging and redox partner site would cause partial or complete loss of function of both CYP17 and CYP19 gene.
Biochemistry and Physiology of Halorespiration by Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans

The amount of energy that can be conserved via halorespiration by Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans was determined by the comparison of the growth yields of cells grown with 3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl acetate (Cl-OHPA) and different electron donors. Cultures that were grown with lactate, pyruvate, formate, or hydrogen as electron donor and Cl-OHPA as electron acceptor yielded 3.1, 6.6, 1.6 and 1.6 g of dry weight per mole of reduction equivalents, respectively. Fermentative growth on pyruvate yielded 14 g of dry weight per mole of pyruvate oxidized. Pyruvate was not fermented stoichiometrically to acetate and lactate, but an excess of acetate was produced. C-labeled bicarbonate experiments showed that during pyruvate fermentation, approximately 9% of the acetate was formed from reduction of C02Comparison of the growth yields suggests that one mole ATP is produced per mole acetate produced by substrate-level phosphorylation and that there is no contribution of electron transport phosphorylation when D. dehalogenans grows on lactate-Cl-OHPA or pyruvate-Cl-OHPA. Furthermore, the growth yields indicate that approximately 1/3 mole ATP is conserved per mole Cl-OHPA reduced in formate-ClOHPA and hydrogen-Cl-OHPA grown cultures. Because neither formate nor hydrogen or Cl-OHPA supports substrate-level phosphorylation, energy must be conserved through the establishment of a proton motive force. Pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, lactate dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase, and hydrogenase were localized by in-vitro assays with membrane impermeable electron acceptors and donors. The orientation of chlorophenol reductive dehalogenase in the cytoplasmic membrane, however, could not be determined. A model is proposed, which may explain the topology analyses as well as the results obtained in the yield study.