Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Propulsive Force of a Flexible Flapping Thin Airfoil

The propulsive force generated by the leading-edge suction of a flapping thin airfoil can be obtained using unsteady aerodynamic notions based on the potential flow theory. Because the potential theory fails to predict the viscous forces, for flapping airfoils, in general there exists a net propulsive force generation. For low Reynolds numbers and for oscillations at low reduced frequencies, however, the viscous forces overcome the propulsive forces to give a net force against the flight direction. In the case of higher Reynolds numbers, flappings with large amplitudes, and high frequencies, the leading-edge suction force generated by the airfoil overcomes the viscous forces. In this study, the critical Reynolds number, the amplitude, and the reduced frequency values that yield the net propulsive force for an oscillating airfoil are predicted with unsteady viscous-inviscid interaction. The airfoil motions are modeled as 1) a thin rigid plate in vertical oscillation, that is, a heaving-plunging motion; 2) a flexibly cambered airfoil whose camber is changing periodically; and 3) the heaving-plunging motion of a flexibly cambered airfoil. The leading-edge suction force for all cases is predicted by means of the well-known Blasius theorem, and the time dependent surface velocity distribution of the airfoil is determined by unsteady aerodynamic considerations. This surface velocity distribution is used as the edge velocity of the unsteady boundary layer to predict the viscous effects. The coefficient of the propulsive force predicted with the present method agrees well with the values given in the literature up to the effective angle of attack at which the dynamic stall takes place.
Pharmaceutical composition comprising a biguanide derivative as an active ingredient for preventing or treating glioblastoma

Provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising biguanide derivative as an effective component for preventing or treating glioblastoma. A compound represented by chemical formula 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be used to prevent or treat glioblastoma. Also, a use of the compound represented by chemical formula 1 in combination with temozolomide provides excellent efficacy in comparison to the administration of the compound represented by chemical formula 1 only, or temozolomide only.
A Review of Models of the Fluidic Generator.

Abstract : The fluidic generator is a pneumatic-to-electrical transducer that provides electrical power for the fuze circuits in missiles and rockets. It consists of four subsystems: (1) the jet-forcing mechanism (the annular nozzle and the knife edge of the resonator), (2) the resonant cavity, (3) the mechanical diaphragm assembly (the diaphragm, connecting rod, and reed), and (4) the electrical circuit. The first three subsystems constitute a feedback control system, in which ram-air input to the generator is brought into oscillation with a resonant or reflecting structure controlling the feedback. Pressure feedback signals are generated by sonic reflections from (1) the knife edge, (2) the cavity (assuming that the diaphragm is not moving), and (3) the moving diaphragm. The feedback signals are summed or coupled at the nozzle exit region of the jet. This physical model shows that the generator can be forced to jump to nondesign frequencies of oscillation because any change in the potential of the input jet will change the signal propagation or convection speed in the forward path and the acoustic speed in the feedback path. Thus, the physical model provides a qualitative answer to the question of jumps in the generator operating frequency.
Taxonomic and functional anuran beta diversity of a subtropical metacommunity respond differentially to environmental and spatial predictors

The relative contributions of environmental and spatial predictors in the patterns of taxonomic and functional anuran beta diversity were examined in 33 ponds of a metacommunity along the coast of south Brazil. Anurans exhibit limited dispersion ability and have physiological and behavioural characteristics that narrow their relationships with both environmental and spatial predictors. So, we expected that neutral processes and, in particular, niche-based processes could have similar influence on the taxonomic and functional beta diversity patterns. Variation partitioning and distance-based methods (db-RDA) were conducted with presence/absence and abundance data to examine taxonomic and functional facets and components (total, turnover and nestedness-resultant) in relation to environmental and spatial predictors. Processes determining metacommunity structure were similar between the components of beta diversity but differed among taxonomic and functional diversity. While taxonomic beta diversity was further accounted by environmental predictors, functional beta diversity responded more strongly to spatial predictors. These patterns were more evident when assessed through abundance data. These opposing patterns were contrary to what we had predicted, suggesting that while there is a taxonomic turnover mediated by environmental filters, the spatial distance promotes the trait dissimilarity between sites. Our results reinforce the idea that studies aiming to evaluate the patterns of structure in metacommunities should include different facets of diversity so that better interpretations can be achieved.
A Java Framework for Developing a Plant Growth and Disease Prediction Model

作物生育モデル・病害虫発生予測モデル開発には, 主要部であるモデルの計算部分以外に, データベースアクセスや, 結果表示画面のためのプログラム開発が必要であり, 全体の作業量のうち後者がほとんどを占めることも珍しくはない. いくつかのモデルをJavaで開発した経験から, モデル開発のためのフレームワークがあれば, モデル共通の機能部分のためのプログラミング作業を減らすことができ, モデルの計算部分の開発に集中することによる, 開発効率の向上が期待できる. 本研究で提案するフレームワークでは以下の機能が提供されている. モデルのデータとして日時や時系列データを扱うための機能. データ取得部のために様々なデータベースを統一的手法で扱えるようにするMetBrokerを利用したり, ユーザのテキストデータを処理したりするための機能. 結果データを表, グラフ, 地図で表示するためのGUIコンポーネント群などである. モデルが利用するデータを設定することにより, これらは自動的に利用できるようになる. 例として, 葉いもち感染好適日推定モデルであるMetBLASTAMのプログラムを取り上げ, その行数 (コメント行を除く) を集計した. フレームワークを利用して新規に開発した行数は960行であった. それに対し, モデルが呼び出したフレームワークに含まれるプログラムの行数は17361行であった. 約17000行開発工程を省けた, またはプログラムの再利用が行われたとみなせ, 提案したフレームワークの有効性を示している.
Coplanar lumped electroabsorption modulator fabricated on the common n-type InP substrate

A coplanar lumped electroabsorption modulator (Co-LEAM) based on n-type InP substrate is designed and fabricated, which shows a capacitance of 0.62 pF and a high reverse breakdown voltage (VBR) nearly -26 v. Other characteristics are compared with the common LEAM with the back n-electrode.
Sensorless control of reluctance machines at arbitrary operating conditions including standstill

Reluctance machines with three-phase stator windings and damperless rotors are usually operated in a closed-loop rotor-oriented control. The necessary position encoder reduces robustness considerably. In order to replace this sensor by a position-detecting algorithm based on electrical measurements, two methods are presented, well-suited to low velocity (INFORM model) and high velocity (EMF model), respectively. Based on this information, a Kalman filter yields estimates of the machine state. A rotor-oriented controller enables highly dynamic operation even at standstill. Measurements verify the good static and dynamic properties of the drive in speed-controlled mode. >
Research on Multi-Disciplinary Behavior Coupling Model in IC Engine

The paper analyzes the coupling of multi-disciplinary behaviors, including system dynamical behavior, combustion behavior and tribological behavior, of the cylinder liner-piston-rod-crank system in IC engine. Based on the state equation method, multi-disciplinary behavior coupling model of the Cylinder-Piston-Rod-Crank system is constructed and a multi-disciplinary behavior coupling analysis method in IC engine is presented on the basis of the state equation. With the coupling analysis model, the coupling effect of multi-disciplinary behaviors can be considered in the two sequential state calculations. By means of state calculation in time domain, the coupling effect of multi-disciplinary behaviors on life performance of IC engine can be predicted.
A novel approach of space vector modulation for cycloinverter using genetic algorithm

A novel approach has been made to calculate the switching angles for space vector modulation (SVM) technique, which is applied in a cycloinverter to generate high-frequency power output. The turn-on and turn-off times of SVM pattern are evaluated in such a way that the total harmonic distortion (THD) is minimised and the output voltage of cycloinverter approaches as close as possible to desired sinusoidal waveform. To accomplish this optimisation task, genetic algorithms (GAs) is used and THD is adopted in the proposed objective function. The lowest fitness value of this objective function decides the correct value of the switching angles. The switching strategy for the cycloinverter is presented on MATLAB-based time-domain simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed approach with GAs, is superior to the conventional SVM. The output waveforms and their spectrum are presented to show effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Simulated results are also validated with the experimental results.
Fatigue and Automation-Induced Impairments in Simulated Driving Performance

A driving simulator study investigated the effect of automation of the driving task on performance under fatiguing driving conditions. In the study, drivers performed both a manual drive, in which they had full control over the driving task, and an automated drive, in which the vehicle was controlled by an automated driving system. During both drives, three perturbing events occurred at early, intermediate, and late phases in the drives: in the automated drive, a failure in automation caused the vehicle to drift toward the edge of the road; in the manual drive, wind gusts resulted in the vehicle drifting in the same direction and magnitude as the “drifts” in the automated drive. Following automation failure, drivers were forced to control the vehicle manually until the system became operational again. Drivers’ lateral control of the vehicle was assessed during three phases of manual control in both drives. The results indicate that performance recovery was better when drivers had full manual control of the vehicle throughout the drive, rather than when drivers were forced to drive manually following automation failure. Drivers also experienced increased tiredness, and physical and perceptual fatigue symptoms following both drives. The findings have important implications for the design of intelligent transportation systems. Systems that reduce the driver’s perceptions of task demands of driving are likely to undermobilize effort in fatigued drivers. Thus, the results strongly support the contention that human-centered transportation strategies, in which the driver is involved in the driving task, are superior to total automation.
Consumers’ Usage intention towards Mobile Healthcare Applications (MHA): A study of select cities in India

This paper attempts to identify the factors influencing Consumers' usage intention towards mobile healthcare applications. There are many healthcare applications that are being launched in the market which would help consumers in preventing and curing the diseases. The promotional initiatives in healthcare market have made consumers conscious about their appearance and health such that demand for healthcare applications has increased considerably. Through thorough review of literature it was found that perception, trust and social factors influence usage intention of consumer patients towards mobile healthcare applications. The primary data has been collected from respondents belonging to region of DelhiNCR, Chandigarh and Ludhiana. Smart PLS 2.0 software has been used for Confirmatory factor analysis of data where Correlation, t-statistics and composite reliability tests etc. have been applied. The results showed that perception, consumer trust and social factors influence the usage intention of consumers towards mobile healthcare applications. The mediation effect of consumer trust was also studied and it was found that there is partial mediation effect of consumer trust on both perception and social factors in relation to usage intention.
Designing fish-passable riffles as gradient controls in Canadian streams

Fish-passable rock riffles are widely used to ease fish passage at road crossings and dams and to restore pool and riffle habitats in channelized streams. Pools, runs and riffles are created by breaking the uniform hydraulic gradient of channelized streams into relatively mild, shallow and steeply sloping segments. Riffle height is governed by the stage of the upstream pool required to pass the channel design flood or to backflood a fish passage structure. Riffles are mildly v-shaped to extend the flow across the channel or constrict the width to create a central torrent that will maintain a deeper downstream pool. The riffles may be closely spaced to create stepped pool channels or spread apart to divide the spacing into runs and pools typical of meandering channels. Four cases of riffle, pool and run dimensions are discussed with illustrative projects in walleye, salmon and trout streams. These projects, undertaken in the last three decades, illustrate their long-term stability and improvement in fish habitat. The projects are in four physiographic settings to emphasize the need for site-specific surveys peculiar to inherited post-glacial river channels and valleys in Canada. Les radiers de roches sont largement utilisés pour faciliter le passage des poissons aux traversées routières et aux barrages et pour restaurer les habitats calmes et troubles dans les cours d’eau canalisés. Des fosses, des passages et des radiers sont crées en divisant le gradient hydraulique uniforme des cours d’eau canalisés en segments relativement peu inclinés, peu profonds et abrupts (fortement inclinés). La hauteur du radier est dictée par le niveau de la fosse en amont nécessaire au passage de la crue nominale ou nécessaire pour inonder par reflux un ouvrage de passe à poissons. Les radiers sont conçus légèrement en forme de V pour étendre le débit d’un bout à l’autre du chenal, ou encore leur largeur est réduite afin de créer un torrent central qui assurera le maintien d’une fosse plus profonde en aval. Les radiers peuvent être étroitement espacés pour créer des chenaux en escalier ou ils peuvent être distancés afin de diviser l’espacement en passages et en fosses propres aux chenaux à méandres. Quatre cas de radiers, de fosses et de passages de différentes dimensions sont abordés à l’aide de projets d’illustration dans des cours d’eau abritant des dorés jaunes, des saumons et des truites. Ces projets ont été entrepris au cours des trois dernières décennies de manière à illustrer leur stabilité à long terme et l’amélioration de l’habitat du poisson. Ils sont exécutés dans quatre milieux physiographiques afin de mettre en évidence le besoin d’études propres au site portant spécifiquement sur les vallées et les chenaux fluviaux hérités de la période postglaciaire au Canada.
Troponin and B-type Natriuretic Peptides Biomarkers in the Management of Hypertension

studies have shown a continuous association between elevated blood pressure (BP) and incident coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure (HF), and vascular mortality, with the association noted from BPs above 115/75 mmHg. [4] Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trial (RCTs) including several hundred thousand patients have shown that a 10-mmHg reduction in systolic BP (SBP) or a 5-mmHg reduction in diastolic BP (DBP) is associated with significant reductions of ~ 20% for all major CV events, 10–15% for all-cause mortality, ~ 35% for stroke, ~ 20% for coronary events, and ~ 40% for HF. [3,5] In guidelines recommend BP thresholds to simplify the diagnosis of and guide treatment decisions in the management of hypertension. The American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) Guidelines for the Prevention, and Management of High BP [6] recommend cardiovascular risk assessment in the management of and advocate for intensive for with >130/80 given have shown for The (SPRINT) showed individuals Abstract The American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) Guidelines for the management of high blood pressure (BP) recommend intensive BP goals in high-risk individuals. However, intensive BP therapy comes with a higher risk of side effects. It is, therefore, important to identify individuals with higher cardiovascular risk who will in turn derive the greatest absolute benefit from BP reduction. In line with this, both ACC/AHA and European guidelines on the management of hypertension recommend the use of risk assessment using traditional risk factors. The European guidelines also recommend complementing risk estimation using additional markers of hypertension-mediated organ damage. Cardiac biomarkers such as natriuretic peptide and high sensitivity cardiac troponins (hs-cTn) reflect structural and/or functional changes in end organs (i.e., myocardium, vasculature) and have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. These cardiac biomarkers may supplement risk assessment of patients with elevated BP and help personalize treatment strategies. Both NT-pro B type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) and hs-cTn have been shown to predict cardiovascular events across different systolic and diastolic BP categories. Furthermore, observational data suggest that individuals with elevated levels of NT-proBNP and/or high-sensitivity troponin have lower numbers needed to treat to prevent cardiovascular events with intensive BP therapy, with the lowest NNT seen in those with elevated levels of both. While the data related to biomarkers in hypertension are encouraging, future randomized clinical trials are needed to further characterize the clinical utility of biomarker-based evaluation and treatment strategies in patients with hypertension.
Empirical analysis of form drag damping for scanning micromirrors

Damping is a critical factor affecting the dynamics of resonant scanning micromirrors and the design of their actuator systems. For any new micromirror design, modeling the damping to sufficient accuracy to predict the performance can save much effort in testing and redesign. To address this challenge, a simple formula for the air drag on scanning micromirrors is postulated that contains a drag coefficient, which is treated as a function of the Reynolds number that is fit to experimental measurements of the damping of two different MEMS scanning mirrors. A formula is found that describes the drag coefficients for both scanning mirrors for a range of their Reynolds numbers.
Multiple carbapenemase gene production by Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from burn patients in Iran

Objective: Acinetobacter baumannii is among the major Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens, and their antibiotic resistance has spread extensively; especially in burn settings. Methods: A total of 300 clinical isolates of A. baumannii were collected from burn patients hospitalized in burn settings. The isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the disc diffusion method. The class D (blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-58-like and blaOXA-24-like) and class B (encoded by blaVIM and blaSIM) carbapenemase genes were investigated by multiplex PCR. Results: A high level of carbapenem resistance was observed among isolates, but none of them were resistant to colistin. Among carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii, previous antibiotic consumption was significantly higher (significant risk factor for carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii acquisition) than other risk factors (P = 0.0123), whereas older age of patients was not significantly higher among other ranges in multivariate analysis by analysis of variance (ANOVA test). The blaOXA-51-like gene was the predominant gene, followed by blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24-like, blaOXA-58-like, blaSIM,blaNDM and blaVIM genes being 66, 35.33, 22, 14, 1.33, 1.33 and 13.33%, respectively. Furthermore, the co-existence of blaOXA-51-like/blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-51-like/blaOXA-23-like/blaOXA-24-like and blaOXA-51-like/blaOXA-24-like were 22.67, 12 and 11.33%, respectively. Conclusion: A high level of class D and class B carbapenemases among A. baumannii strains in the burn settings is a crisis in the eradication of infections caused by MDR, XDR and PDR strains. Therefore, the uncontrolled consumption of last-line antibiotics should be restricted and infection control strategies must be implemented accurately.
An IBIS Based Approach for the Analysis of Non-Functional Requirements

The design of complex systems is based on the needs and expectations of multiple stakeholders. Analysing such elements and transforming them into a rigorous system specification is a long and demanding task. This research is interested in supporting engineers and other stakeholders in the specification of system requirements with a focus on requirement analysis. The paper presents an approach to conduct analysis of non-functional requirements in a way that benefits both the engineers involved in the development of the current system, and those who will need to make improvements to it. The approach includes suggestions towards a tool, a representation, and a method. The tool is a software tool that specialises in capturing decision rationale known as Decision Rationale editor (DRed); the representation is adopted from the IBIS notation; the method is based on a model synthesised from literature on requirement analysis.Copyright © 2012 by Rolls-Royce plc