Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Channel Length on the Operation of Junctionless Transistors With Substrate Biasing

Junctionless transistors (JLTs) have promising advantages such as structural simplicity without p-n-junctions and bulk conduction-based operation for the realization of advanced complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies. Here the channel-length dependence on the operation of JLTs with substrate biasing (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {gb}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) was investigated in detail. Parasitic series resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {sd}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) noticeably decreased as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {gb}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> increased. In addition, transconductance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${g}_{\text {m}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), its derivative (<italic>dg</italic> <sub>m</sub>/ <italic>dV</italic> <sub>gf</sub>), and ON-drain current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{ \mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in a short-channel JLT were significantly affected by the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {gb}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-modulated <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {sd}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with charge coupling effects. This work provides important information for better understanding and true estimation of intrinsic JLT performance, for practical applications based on polycrystalline Si, III–V semiconductors, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) nano-materials as well as advanced logic devices.
A proposal of performance measurement and management model for 5S sustainability in manufacturing SMEs: A Review

The primary function of a performance measurement system (PMS) for 5S implementation in manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is to monitor and evaluate the operational achievement target based on the planning to improve better performance (Gupta and Jain, 2014). It indicates that there is a continuous improvement in both process and result (Todorovic and Cupic, 2017). One of the challenges in terms of 5S practices is how to maintain the sustainability of these activities so that it could result in incremental change (Kobayashi, 2010). In this context, the changing condition becomes a basis for the next improvement process (IP). Even though the fifth step in the 5S program is a sustaining step, evaluating sustainability is a problematic element in the IP (Bateman, 2005). Because it is related to the dynamic environment in both internal and external, the diversity of employee motivation and involvement, the need for quality, safety, and healthy standardization in limited resources and high adaptation of change in lack of factory lesson learning (Grovom, 2013). Moreover, in organizational theory, if there are several forces Abstract The practice of 5S principles in manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has been widely discussed in scientific studies related to the critical success factors (CSFs) and challenges for improving organizational performance. The importance of performance measurement for sustaining 5S becomes a strategic value in the improvement process and elimination of waste. In previous studies, the performance measurement of 5S practices is commonly viewed as an auditing process continuously. However, the studies of performance measurement and management (PMM) for the sustainability of 5S practices as a control system are still limited. Also, the performance measurement model needs to be designed for measuring the potential barriers of 5S sustainability. Therefore, this study has a motivation to develop a conceptual model in designing PMM for the sustainability of 5S practices that are carried out both empirically and philosophically to enhance quality and productivity. So, the objective of this paper is to conduct the literature reviews on how to propose a model of PMM for 5S sustainability in manufacturing SMEs based on CSFs and the integrated theoretical framework. The review methodology provides a systematic review step that encompasses collecting the database, qualitative analysis of the database, synthesizing the relevant theory, and proposing a conceptual model. This paper found the critical point for developing the PMM model of 5S sustainability including the step of sustainability building, dimensional control system, and sustainability indicators. For further research, it needs an analyzing study to assess the relationship among the factors that contribute to the performance assessment of 5S practices. Received: 28 March 2020; Accepted: 12 January 2021
Level of physical activity and barriers to exercise in adults with type 2 diabetes

Introduction Physical activity (PA) is an important element in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. The aims of this study were to assess the percentage of adults with T2DM who perform PA, according to the intensity level and to describe barriers to exercise and the association between metabolic control and other clinical variables. Methods Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study. Data were collected through the International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the PA Barrier Questionnaire. Adults (18–65 years old) with T2DM from 17 Argentine diabetes centers were included, from May to July 2018. Results A total of 270 men (54.9 ± 9.8 years) and 225 women (55.3 ± 9.6 years) were included. Duration of diabetes: 8.2 ± 6.3 years. The BMI in men was 32 ± 10.6 kg/m2, whereas that in women was 32.5 ± 7.2 kg/m2. The last two HbA1c values were 7.6 ± 1.7% and 7.5 ± 1.6. Results also showed that 12.7% had clinical heart disease, 13.7% had nephropathy, 20.8% had neuropathy, 6.1% had diabetic foot and 14.1% had retinopathy. The level of PA was low in 52.3% of the patients studied and moderate in 30.5%. The most frequent barriers were: “lack of will” (59.6%) and “lack of energy” (37.2%). The low level of PA was associated with age (OR: 1.05 per year of age; p < 0.001), HbA1c (OR: 1.16 per 1%; p < 0.05), BMI (OR: 1.06 per kg/m2; p < 0.001) and sex (OR: 1.69 for women; p < 0.01). Conclusions PA in a cornerstone in management T2DM. Nevertheless, in this study, 52.3% of T2DM adults showed low level of PA. The main barriers reported were related to low personal motivation. These factors should be taken into account to implement programs to promote physical activity.
Impact of cultural-shift on multimodal sentiment analysis

Human communication is not limited to verbal speech but is infinitely more complex, involving many non-verbal cues such as facial emotions and body language. This paper aims to quantitatively show the impact of non-verbal cues, with primary focus on facial emotions, on the results of multi-modal sentiment analysis. The paper works with a dataset of Spanish video reviews. The audio is available as Spanish text and is translated to English while visual features are extracted from the videos. Multiple classification models are made to analyze the sentiments at each modal stage i.e. for the Spanish and English textual datasets as well as the datasets obtained upon coalescing the English and Spanish textual data with the corresponding visual cues. The results show that the analysis of Spanish textual features combined with the visual features outperforms its English counterpart with the highest accuracy difference, thereby indicating an inherent correlation between the Spanish visual cues and Spanish text which is lost upon translation to English text.
A petroleum resource assessment of the Huron Domain area, southern Ontario

Title: A Petroleum Resource Assessment of the Huron Domain Area, Southern Ontario Report No: NWMO-TR-2019-20 Author(s): Zhuoheng Chen, Peter Hannigan, Terry Carter, Xiaojun Liu, Richard Crowe, Mark Obermajer Company: Geological Survey of Canada, Calgary Carter Geologic Nuclear Waste Management Organization Date: December 2019
CONSUMER SHOPPING PREFERENCES AND SOCIAL MEDIA USE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study empirically investigates the relationship between social media use at home and consumer shopping preferences during Covid-19 pandemic in an emerging country, Indonesia, using survey data. This study focus on popular consumer retail stores including online retail stores such as Tokopedia, Shopee, Lazada and KlikIndomaret, as well as brick-and-mortar retail stores, such as Indomaret, Alfamart, Super Indo, and Transmart. Social media use of popular platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, Line, and LinkedIn are analyzed. The results of our analysis found that the use of Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and LinkedIn at home is associated with consumer shopping preferences at online retail stores such as Tokopedia, Shopee, Lazada, and KlikIndomaret. In addition, our analysis revealed that the use of these social media platforms at home is associated with consumer shopping preferences at brick and mortar retail stores such as Alfamart, Indomaret, and Super Indo. Interestingly, there is no significant association between social media use at home and consumer shopping preferences at Transmart brick-and-mortar stores. Media Richness Theory and Strength of Weak Ties Theory help explain the results of this study. Retail stores need to consider which social media platform is more effective for implementing their marketing strategy. The results of this study can be used as a reference in developing a retail store marketing strategy through social media.
A 32-Gb/s PAM-4 SST Transmitter With Four-Tap FFE Using High-Impedance Driver in 28-nm FDSOI

With increasing modulation order, a larger number of parallel source-series-terminated (SST) segments are required to implement precise feedforward equalization (FFE) tap-weight control in SST transmitters (TX). Due to the data routing complexity of the segmented structure, the dynamic power consumption of SST TX has become much more significant causing degradation in energy efficiency. This article presents a 32-Gb/s quarter-rate four-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) SST TX with four-tap FFE implemented in 28-nm FDSOI CMOS technology using a high-impedance driver technique to decrease the gate loading of the data path of the SST TX. The output of the whole TX is kept matched to the standard characteristic impedance of the system even though the output impedance of the SST driver alone is high. The high-impedance driver technique decreases the total power consumption by 20% compared to the conventional design by providing a significant reduction in the capacitive load. Our measurement results show that the prototype TX consumes 77.9 mW and achieves an energy efficiency of 2.4 pJ/bit at a 32-Gb/s data rate for PAM-4 signaling.
Portrait of Metacognitive Awareness of Prospective Biology Teachers of Malang State University Through Learning Journal on Lesson Study-Based Learning

This research aims to find out the metacognitive awareness portrait of prospective teacher students after learning with lesson study and assignment in the form of learning journals. The type of research is a pre-experiment research with one-group pretest-posttest design. Research sample consists of 30 prospective teachers in 21st Century Biology Education course. Collecting research data using student learning journal, modified self-assessment questionnaires from Greenstein and pretest-posttest work. Data analysis has done by descriptive analysis using descriptive statistics to show descriptions or portraits of student metacognitive awareness and gain score tests. The results showed that the percentage of metacognitive awareness from the student learning journal of prospective teachers was 70%-100%, the results of the self-assessment questionnaire analysis show that the metacognitive awareness of prospective teacher students is in the category of good to excellent, and the results of the gain score test in the medium category.
CoxNet: A Computation Reuse Architecture at the Edge

In recent years, edge computing has emerged as an effective solution to extend cloud computing and satisfy the demand of applications for low latency. However, with today’s explosion of innovative applications (e.g., augmented reality, natural language processing, virtual reality), processing services for mobile and smart devices have become computation-intensive, consisting of multiple interconnected computations. This coupled with the need for delay-sensitivity and high quality of service put massive pressure on edge servers. Meanwhile, tasks invoking these services may involve similar inputs that could lead to the same output. In this paper, we present CoxNet, an efficient computation reuse architecture for edge computing. CoxNet enables edge servers to reuse previous computations while scheduling dependent incoming computations. We provide an analytical model for computation reuse joined with dependent task offloading and design a novel computing offloading scheduling scheme. We also evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of CoxNet via synthetic and real-world datasets. Our results show that CoxNet is able to reduce the task execution time up to 66% based on a synthetic dataset and up to 50% based on a real-world dataset.
Determination of fatty acids by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection using precolumn derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate

ABSTRACT A new high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the determination of fatty acids in seed oils. The method was based on precolumn derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate as a labeling agent and fluorescence detection. Fatty acids were extracted from the samples and subjected to derivatization with the reagent at 60°C for 10 min. The chromatographic separation of 14 fatty acids (C10–C22) was achieved on a combined loading compression octadecyl sulfate (CLC-ODS) column with a run time of 30 min. Three-step gradient elution of a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water was used, and the signal was monitored at excitation and emission wavelengths of 265 and 315 nm, respectively. The method indicated favorable sensitivity and reproducibility for fatty acids’ derivatives. The detection limits, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, were 0.01–0.05 µg/ml and relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 0.27%. Excellent linear responses were observed with coefficients of 0.9995. This method was applied to quantify fatty acids in white, brown, and black sesame seeds’ oil. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Co-producing urban transport systems: adapting a global model in Dar es Salaam

Abstract By advancing a socio-technical perspective on transport and mobility, this article traces the realization of bus rapid transit (BRT) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Referring to the framework of co-production, it is argued that transport systems can only come into being through the flexible interaction of humans and technology. Global consultants claim that BRT is an ideal choice for cities that strive for affordable, fast, and sustainable solutions in times of climate change and urban growth because this model enables a rapid and sustainable transition of urban transport. In practice, BRT systems often do not come into existence as planned and do not fulfill the promises offered by consultants who are often involved in their conception and construction. Drawing on interviews and participatory observation, this article elaborates how the recently implemented BRT system in Dar es Salaam depends on the interaction of technology and society. It is only because humans took over when “smart” technologies were dysfunctional or absent that BRT operations could be secured and contribute to a transition of the city’s transport sector. Accordingly, a sustainable transition depends more on socio-technical practices, the fluidity of the system, and the adaptation of its users rather than on global standards or technological innovation.
Research on Express Information Extraction Based on Multiple Sequence Labeling Models

With the popularity of online shopping, the logistics industry has developed rapidly. Major logistics companies have greater business needs to improve the efficiency of express sorting centers. Therefore, the technology of optimizing the efficiency of the express sorting system in the logistics industry and reducing the cost of time for customers to fill out express orders has received increasing attention from the society. The research work carried out in this paper is based on deep learning using natural language processing technology to extract express single text information, structured extraction of names and mobile phone numbers and addresses. The main content is that the express information structured extraction system automatically extracts information such as name, telephone, province, city, district, and detailed address. The docking of the express delivery sorting business system will help improve the logistics industry's operational capabilities. In this paper, four sets of sequence labeling models are constructed. Through multiple sets of data evaluation, it is shown that the model based on ERNIE and the learning rate decay strategy using Adam optimizer is superior to the current CNN, RNN, LSTM models. The highest F1 of the model constructed in this paper reaches 0.99473.
Imatinib-Induced Acquired Dermal Melanocytosis

Background: Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting bcr-abl, c-Kit, and PDGF receptors-alpha and beta, is commonly used to treat GI stromal tumors and hematologic malignancies. Hyperpigmentation is a known side-effect of imatinib, with intradermal hemosiderosis being the most common histologic finding. Case Presentation: We report a rare case of concurrent hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation secondary to dermal melanocytosis following imatinib treatment in an African American patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Conclusion: Early referral to dermatology in patients with similar findings is appropriate given the increased risk of melanoma conferred by heightened melanocyte proliferation.
A Review on Direct Power Control of Pulsewidth Modulation Converters

Starting from the principle of instantaneous power theory, this article explores various direct power control (DPC) strategies for three-phase two-level pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converters. After summarizing the fundamental power formula of PWM rectifiers, this article studies the operating principle of the conventional table-based approach and its related improvements. It further looks into the advanced counterparts employing space vector modulation and different nonlinear control strategies. The emphasis is put on the prevailing predictive DPC. Besides, the voltage-sensorless and robust DPC methods based on the virtual flux concept and the state observer or estimator are investigated. Critical issues, including the sample delay, constant switching frequency, duty cycle optimization, objective function, and unbalanced operation are examined.
Absorptive capacity and radical innovation in industrial districts

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to adopt the absorptive capacity (ACAP) framework to understand radical innovation in industrial districts (IDs), adopting a multi-level perspective. By performing a longitudinal case study on an ID that has successfully introduced a radical innovation – the plastic ski boot innovation developed within the Montebelluna Sportsystem district in Italy – the paper highlights how key elements of the ACAP framework (i.e. its components, antecedents, and contingent factors) allow understanding wherein IDs might indeed successfully introduce radical innovations, and what are the specificities as respect as considering a single organisation as unit of analysis. Important policy implications arise, regarding how to support IDs competitiveness and resilience thanks to radical innovation.
Research & Development of the Advanced Dynamic Spectrum Sharing System between Different Radio Services

SUMMARY To achieve highly efficient spectrum usage, dynamic sharing of scarce spectrum resources has recently become the subject of intense discussion. The technologies of dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) have already been adopted or are scheduled to be adopted in a number of countries, and Japan is no exception. The authors and organizations collaborating in the research and development project being undertaken in Japan have studied a novel DSS system positioned between the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G system) and different incumbent radio systems. Our DSS system has three characteristics. (1) It detects dynamically unused sharable spectrums (USSs) of incumbent radio systems for the space axis by using novel propagation models and estimation of the transmitting location with radio sensor information. (2) It manages USSs for the time axis by interference calculation with propagation parameters, fair assignment and future usage of USSs. (3) It utilizes USSs for the spectrum axis by using methods that decrease interference for lower separation distances. In this paper, we present an overview and the technologies of our DSS system and its applications in Japan.
A Modified Omega-K Algorithm for Near-Field Single-Frequency MIMO-Arc-Array-Based Azimuth Imaging

Inspired by the circular-aperture synthetic aperture radar (Circular-SAR) imaging regime that can provide higher azimuth image resolution, the imaging regime employing the multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) arc array is proposed. Moreover, no efficient imaging algorithm is now available for these MIMO arc array setups. This article proposes a modified Omega-K algorithm for near-field azimuth image reconstruction based on the geometry transformation from the single-frequency MIMO arc array to the equivalent MIMO linear array. Note that this geometry transformation relies on the calculation of the phase difference and the definition of the corresponding compensation function. Compared with the single-input–single-output (SISO) arc scan requiring more elements, simulations with good agreement were performed to validate the azimuth image reconstructions of single/multiple targets. Although the computing efficiency of the proposed algorithm for MIMO arc array is lower than that of the traditional Omega-K algorithm for the SISO arc scan, it still has an obvious advantage relative to the traditional backprojection (BP) algorithm that is always taken as the gold standard. Furthermore, three realistic imaging geometries, including the metal strips at different radii, the tilted metal plate, and the human body torso cross section, were simulated to test the fidelity of the proposed reconstruction algorithm. Proof-of-principle experiments were also carried out based on an MIMO arc array with the help of one arc scanner. Finally, both simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on azimuth image reconstruction quality.
The Dynamics of Distortion: How Successive Summarization Alters the Retelling of News

This work advances and tests a theory of how news information evolves as it is successively retold by consumers. Drawing on data from over 11,000 participants across ten experiments, the authors offer evidence that when news is repeatedly retold, it undergoes a stylistic transformation termed “disagreeable personalization,” wherein original facts are increasingly supplanted by opinions and interpretations with a slant toward negativity. The central thesis is that when retellers believe they are more (vs. less) knowledgeable than their recipient about the information they are relaying, they feel more compelled to provide guidance on its meaning and to do so in a persuasive manner. This enhanced motivation to guide persuasively, in turn, leads retellers to not only select the subset of facts they deem most essential but, critically, to provide their interpretations and opinions on those facts, with negativity being used as a means of grabbing their audience’s attention. Implications of this work for research on retelling and consumer information diffusion are explored.