Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of material models on quality of results of plastic parts ’ mechanical analyses

Nowadays, more and more elements originally made of metal are replaced with plastic parts. This is due to the low density of polymer materials, their high relative strength, as well as the ease of forming (complicated elements can be produced in one operation). The disadvantages of plastics are low rigidity and very non-linear material properties. To increase rigidity, a glass fiber filler is used above all. Its addition to the polymer allows to increase the rigidity from four to six times (depending on the type and amount of fiber added, in the case of carbon fiber, it is possible to achieve up to 10-fold improvement in rigidity), due to which the manufactured elements have less deformability with a slight increase in basis weight [1, 2]. The disadvantage of using glass fibers is to reduce the maximum elongation of details and their impact strength. In addition, the introduction of glass fibers into the polymer matrix results in the anisotropy of the material depending on the orientation of the fiber, which in turn depends on the method of filling the cavity forming the mold. In addition, it complicates the mathematical description of the phenomenon of deformation under the influence of applied loads.
The GSA-GLUE approach for uncertainty assessment of an integrated MBR model

In the recent literature, the uncertainty of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) modelling has had relevant interest both for designers and operators. Indeed, the frequent data lacking and the need to improve process knowledge, in case of innovative technologies, make the use of mathematical models more uncertain. Therefore, the need to make model uncertainty more explicit is warmly recommended. However, only few applications of uncertainty analysis in the wastewater field have been carried out. In this work, the combination of the global sensitivity analysis (GSA) and the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) is applied for the uncertainty assessment of a WWTP model, in order to discuss and verify its applicability. In particular, the GSA-GLUE approach is applied to an integrated membrane bioreactor (MBR) model able to simulate the biological nutrient removal processes occurring in a University Cape Town (UCT)-MBR system. The model under study is also able to simulate the physical processes of cake layer formation on membrane surface and the particle retention inside the cake layer. The GSA-GLUE approach has been applied by using quantity-quality data acquired in a UCT-MBR pilot plant. The results have demonstrated that the GSA-GLUE approach can be a valuable tool for designing and managing WWTP.
Testing the Convergence Hypothesis: A Comment

In a recent paper Lichtenberg (1994) proposes a test of the convergence hypothesis that the variance of productivity across countries decreases over time. He argues that the ratio of the variance in the first period to that in the last period of the time series is F-distributed but overlooks the dependency between these two variances. As a consequence, probabilities of committing a type II error of incorrectly rejecting the convergence hypothesis are large. This problem manifests most strongly in short time periods. Lichtenberg, for example, rejects the convergence hypothesis for a data set of 22 OECD countries over the 19601985 period.
Experimental reprogramming of murine embryonic fibroblasts towards induced pluripotent stem cells using a single polycistronic vector

Introduction: Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, thus capable of differentiating into all types of cells derived from the three germ layers. However, the application of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for preclinical and clinical studies is difficult due to ethical concerns. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from differentiation and have many ESC characteristics. The study herein examines the production of iPSCs from reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) via transduction with defined factors. Methods: MEFs were collected from mouse embryos via a previously published protocol. The cells were transduced with a single polycistronic viral vector encoding mouse cDNAs of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc. Transduced cells were treated and sub-cultured with ESC medium. The cells were evaluated as iPSCs with specific morphology, and expression SSEA-1, Oct3/4, Sox2 and Nanog. In addition, they also were evaluated for pluripotency by assessing alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and in vivo teratoma formation. Results: Under the reprogrammed conditions, the transduced cells displayed a change in morphology, forming ESC-like clusters. These cell clusters strongly expressed pluripotent markers as well as ESC-specific genes. Furthermore, the colonies exhibited higher AP activity and formed teratomas when injected into the murine testis. Conclusions: The study herein suggests that MEFs can be reprogrammed into iPSCs using a polycistronic viral vector encoding mouse cDNAs for Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc.
Research of the traffic rules based on mathematical model

As all know, the performance of traffic rules directly affect the traffic flow and personal safety, the paper is mainly aimed for highway traffic rules, and according to traffic flow and safety, the paper establishes a two-factor optimizationmodel based on performance problems of amulti-lane freeway traffic rules0Under the circumstance of right driving: according to analysis, we know that traffic flow and traffic safety determine the performance of freeway traffic rules, both are related with driving speed (the average speed of the vehicle in the second lane take the average upper or lower speed limit of the second lane), and both aremutual restraint.And through utilizing mathematics and physics knowledgeywe build an overtaking model in the same lane and use area evaluation method to establish the safety factor evaluation system, which obtains the function relationship between speed and safety coefficients. Next, to establish a traffic flowmodel considering the traffic lane width, lateral clear width, vertical slope, sight, along conditions and other factors, and we obtained a function between driving speed and traffic flow. Finally, according to the function relationship between speed and safety factoriÂÂ¨ , traffic flowC
Synthesis and characterization of some metal complexes of 2- Phenyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-acetic acid and their Biological Application

2-Phenyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-acetic acid (L1) metal complexes with Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ ions were studied and the structure of the complexes were elucidated using elemental analyses, infrared (IR), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic moment and thermal analysis measurements. Besides the characterization of complexes by physicochemical technique, Biological activities of the synthesized complexes were examined against some microbial strains for evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities.
Seismic and acoustic-gravity signals from the source of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ”

The great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake of 26 December 2004 caused seismic waves propagating through the solid Earth, tsunami waves propagating through the ocean and infrasound or acoustic-gravity waves propagating through the atmosphere. Since the infrasound wave travels faster than its associated tsunami, it is for warning purposes very intriguing to study the possibility of infrasound generation directly at the earthquake source. Garces et al. (2005) and Le Pichon et al. (2005) emphasized that infrasound was generated by mountainous islands near the epicenter and by tsunami propagation along the continental shelf to the Bay of Bengal. Mikumo et al. (2008) concluded from the analysis of travel times and amplitudes of first arriving acoustic-gravity waves with periods of about 400–700 s that these waves are caused by coseismic motion of the sea surface mainly to the west of the Nicobar islands in the open seas. We reanalyzed the acoustic-gravity waves and corrected the first arrival times of Mikumo et al. (2008) by up to 20 min. We found the source of the first arriving acoustic-gravity wave about 300 km to the north of the US Geological Survey earthquake epicenter. This confirms the result of Mikumo et al. (2008) that sea level changes at the earthquake source cause long period acoustic-gravity waves, which indicate that a tsunami was generated. Therefore, a denser local network of infrasound stations may be helpful for tsunami warnings, not only for very large earthquakes.
A method for estimating stock-out-based substitution rates by using point-of-sale data

Empirical studies in retailing suggest that stock-out rates are quite high in many product categories. Stock-outs result in demand spillover, or substitution, among items within a product category. Product assortment and inventory management decisions can be improved when the substitution rates are known. In this paper, a method is presented to estimate product substitution rates by using only Point-Of-Sale (POS) data. The approach clusters POS intervals into states where each state corresponds to a specific substitution scenario. Then available POS data for each state is consolidated and the substitution rates are estimated using the consolidated information. An extensive computational analysis of the proposed substitution rate estimation method is provided. The computational analysis and comparisons with an estimation method from the literature show that the proposed estimation method performs satisfactorily with limited information.
DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTS OF THE GW HIGH- POWER MICROWAVE FEED HORN

Design and optimization of high-power microwave (HPM) feed horn by combining the aperture fleld with radiation patterns are presented in the paper. The optimized feed horn in C band satisfles relatively uniform aperture fleld, power capacity higher than 3GW, symmetric radiation patterns, low sidelobes, and compact length. Cold tests and HPM experiments were conducted to investigate the radiation patterns and power capacity of the horn. The theoretical radiation patterns are consistent with the cold test and HPM experimental results. The power capacity of the compact HPM horn has been demonstrated by HPM experiments to be higher than 3GW.
Preventing Fault Tolerant in Fifo Buffer of Noc Router

The on-line transparent test technique for detection of latent hard faults which develop in first input first output buffers of routers during field operation of NoC and also propose fault tolerant solution by introducing implementation of the proposed test algorithm has been integrated into the router-channel interface and on-line test has been performed with synthetic self-similar data traffic. A prototype implementation of the proposed test algorithm has been integrated into the router-channel interface and on-line test has been performed with synthetic self-similar data traffic. The performance of the NoC after addition of the test circuit has been investigated in terms of throughput while the area overhead has been studied by synthesizing the test hardware. In addition, an on-line test technique for the routing logic has been proposed which considers utilizing the header flits of the data traffic movement in transporting the test patterns. Keywords: Fault; NOC; Router; Shared queues.
Numerical simulation of the mixing process of the continuous mixer using the discrete element method

This paper used the discrete element method to simulate the continuous mixing process and defined the time that the particles participated in mixing in the mixer was defined as the effective mixing time. The effects of different structures and rotational speeds on the mixing efficiency were studied by using the effective mixing time and dispersion coefficients, the function of the rotation speed and effective mixing time be fitted at the same time. In this research also found the appropriate outlet and rotation speed to make the mixer has a high mixing efficiency which was used in this paper. The research results can provide basis and reference for structural design of continuous mixer.
Progress on the experimental set-up for the testing of a floating offshore wind turbine scaled model in a field site

This document describes design and realization of a small-scale field experiment on a 1:30 model of spar floating support structure for offshore wind turbines. The aim of the experiment is to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the floating wind turbine under extreme wave and parked rotor conditions. The experiment has been going on in the Natural Ocean Engineering Laboratory of Reggio Calabria (Italy). In this article, all the stages of the experimental activity are presented, and some results are shown in terms of motions and response amplitude operators. Finally, a comparison with corresponding results obtained using ANSYS AQWA software package is shown, and conclusions are drawn. The presented experimental set-up seems promising to test offshore floating structures for marine renewable energy at a relatively large scale in the Natural Ocean Engineering Laboratory field site.
Green Synthesized Optically Active Organically Capped Silver Nanoparticles using Stem Extract of African Cucumber(Momordica charantia)

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized by a rapid facile plant-mediated green route. Sustainable and renewable stem extract of locally sourced African cucumber acted as reducing/capping agent, an alternative to toxic chemicals. The phytochemical screening indicated the existence of saponins and alkaloids in the stem extract of M. charantia. Unprecedented nucleation and growth of Ag NPs commenced within 5 minutes of the reaction. The mechanism of reaction was considered to be diffusion controlled Ostwald ripening process. Optical property of the as prepared Ag NPs was characterized by high intensity of absorption, revealed by narrow intense peaks, stipulating confinement of excitons.Surface Plasmon Band (SPB) of Ag NPs appeared at 400 - 460 nm. Photoluminescence (PL)excitation of the Ag NPs at 329 nm exhibited excitonic emission at 440 nm. The Ag NPs portrayed quasi-spherical shapes, with a mean size of 27.81 ± 1.64 nm from Transmission Electron Micrograph (TEM) measurement. XRD measurement showed peaks indexed to fcc Ag with a particle diameter of 25 nm, which corroborated TEM measurement. Elemental mapping of the nanoparticles showed an orientation of the Ag NPs, an evidence of capping by the biomolecules which stabilized the newly formed Ag NPs. Fourier Transformed Infra-red (FTIR) analysis showed the presence of hydroxyl groups (−OH) stretching, (−CH) stretching,C=C stretching and C−N group (in the phytochemicals) at 3237, 2913, 1620 and 1021 cm-1 respectively. It can be inferred that the as prepared Ag NPs is an optically active material.
Mass diffusion of organic fluids: a molecular dynamics perspective

The Optimized Potential for Liquid Simulation All-Atom (OPLS-AA) forcefield, a wellestablished interaction potential, within the MD framework was used to determine selfand mutual diffusivity of several fluids, in the high-pressure and nearand supercritical regimes. The test fluids were benzene, heptane and carbon dioxide. The Green-Kubo method of calculating mass diffusivity yielded considerably overestimated values of self-diffusivity; better results were obtained with use of the Stokes-Einstein method. In addition, a number of relatively significant problems with the default OPLS-AA parameterization were identified. There exist ranges of pressure and temperatures, in which the results for the selected pure fluids show good agreement with experiment, and thus reparameterization of OPLS-AA may not be required. However, the results for mixtures all show significant deviation from experiment. Based on the observed results, the current predictive power of OPLS-AA for mass diffusivity of the fluids in question is not satisfactory. We are therefore convinced that a systematic reparameterization of OPLS-AA both in terms of the intermolecular (van der Waals, electrostatic) and intramolecular (bonding) interactions is needed to increase its accuracy. In addition, OPLS-AA may not be generally appropriate for the gaseous state and therefore near-critical systems may benefit from using a different forcefield.
Assessment of Punching Capacity of RC Bridge Deck Slab in Kiruna - Finite element modelling of RC slab

Subject of this master ́s thesis was a 55-year old pre-stressed concrete bridge in Kiruna. The five-span girder bridge with a length of 121 m contained three main beams which were cast together with the bridge deck slab. In order to assess the shear and punching resistance of the slab, it was loaded to failure by two concentrated load plates, which simulate vehicle wheels. Based on these testing results, with a recently developed method, the assessment of the punching capacity shall be improved. The aim of this master ́s thesis was to calibrate more accurate predictions of the response and capacity of bridge deck slabs subjected to concentrated loads. Therefore, the load-carrying capacity of the bridge deck slab was estimated according to a multi-level assessment strategy developed by Plos et al. (2015). The strategy is based on the principle of successively improved evaluation in structural assessment. On initial level, the aim is to obtain fast results, mostly based on standards. If safety cannot be assured, more advanced analysis methods have to be performed. Thus, Level II & III assessments are performed with 3D finite element models. Especially non-linear analysis takes into account the structural response of reinforced concrete in a realistic way. On each level, the failure modes for punching, one-way shear and flexural resistance were estimated. It was shown that simplified methods underestimate structural supply because they do not account additional mechanism. Thus, the application of non-linear FE models is crucial in order to achieve more accurate predictions due to additional material information. The results show that more advanced methods yield to higher, yet conservative, predictions of the capacity. Regarding parameter study it could be concluded that a variation of the effective depth did not have a big influence on the punching capacity. On the other hand, by analysing the influence of boundary conditions, it was shown that in the current situation a fully fixed slab delivered an approximately 50 % higher load carrying capacity.
Advances in the Reconstruction of Ungulate Ecomorphology with Application to Early Fossil Equids

Abstract A new and greatly simplified methodology for the assessment of the dietary adaptations of living and fossil taxa has been developed which allows for microwear scar topography to be accurately analyzed at low magnification (35×) using a standard stereomicroscope. In addition to the traditional scratch and pit numbers, we introduce four qualitative variables: scratch texture, cross scratches, large pits, and gouges, which provide finer subdivisions within the basic dietary categories. A large extant comparative ungulate microwear database (809 individuals; 50 species) is presented and interpreted to elucidate the diets of extant ungulates. We distinguish three major trophic phases in extant ungulates: traditional browsers and grazers, two phases represented by only a few species, and a browsing-grazing transitional phase where most species fall, including all mixed feeders. There are two types of mixed feeders: seasonal or regional mixed feeders and meal-by-meal mixed feeders. Some species have results that separate them from traditional members of their trophic group; i.e., browsers, grazers, and mixed feeders. Duikers are unique in spanning almost the entire dietary spectrum. Okapia, Tapirus, Tragulus, and Moschus species have wear similar to duikers. Proboscideans fall in the browsing-grazing transitional phase, as do the two suids studied. The latter differ from each other by their degree of rooting. Archaic fossil equids spanning the supposed browsing-grazing transition were compared to extant ungulates. Two major clusters are discerned: (1) Hyracotherium has microwear most similar to that of the duiker Cephalopus silvicultor and was a fruit/seed eating browser. (2) Mesohippus spp. , M. bairdii, Mesohippus hypostylus, Meso-Miohippus (a transitional form larger than M. bairdii), Parahippus spp. , and Merychippus insignis differ from Hyracotherium and are most similar to the extant Cervus canadensis. Group (2) is characterized by fine scratches which are the result of C3 grazing, an initial phase of grazing in equids which most likely did not occur in open habitats. Finer differentiation of group (2) diets shows a dietary change in the expected direction (toward the incorporation of more grass in the diet) and follows the expected evolutionary transition from the Eocene to the Oligocene and early Miocene. Consequently, these equid taxa are reconstructed here as mixed feeders grazing on forest C3 grasses. The finer dietary differentiation shows a progressive decrease in the number of scratches and pits. Mesohippus has the most pits and scratches, followed by Parahippus, and then Merychippus (which has the least). The taxon incorporating the most grass into its dietary regime in this array is Merychippus. In Mesohippus-Parahippus versus Merychippus, differences in tooth morphology are major but microwear differences are slight.
Encapsulation of Micro Engineering Tools in a Co- Operative Jyaguchi Computing Infrastructure

Micro engineering tools and services face many issues and limitations in terms of modularity, and usability with regards to their availability and scalability. Scalability may suffer due to the limitation of service granularity as service objects sometimes may require to deliver in low bandwidth network infrastructures. Jyaguchi platform supports highly dynamic and interactive service development process by which developers can design services as per their requirement functionalities which can be micro, macro or mega services. In this paper we discuss particularly about the development process of micro services. The qualities of a micro-service are not limited to its performance metric, but are designed to maintain simplicity and may even consist of fully-functional and loosely coupled applications. These services can be utilized enabling a higher level of usability. Usability is maintained by reducing the granularity and complexity of functionalities of a service. However, Jyaguchi services have potential to increase its granularity without breaking its underlying architecture. The service oriented architecture of Jyaguchi platforms also allow for these services to dynamically deliver to the remote clients and still keep the persistent state until the client terminate the service. We also realize that micro engineering services that are distributed locally or globally should be categorized during the design phase. These services should be allowed to change its granularity in demand-respond manner based on micro, macro and mega service model instead of keeping those services static. A working model of Jyaguchi platform that can deliver these kinds of services is also discussed in this paper which incorporates all these aspects.