Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Movement distances for four small mammals in two Atlantic forests fragments, Southern Brazil

Animal movement has an important role in individual performance, species reproduction, population demography, and conservation, especially in fragmented landscapes. The distance moved by an individual may vary depending on individual needs, such as the search for food resources and sexual partners. Here we investigated which factors affect the distances between successive captures (hereafter DSC) for Akodon montensis, Oligoryzomys nigripes, Sooretamys angouya, and Didelphis albiventris. This study was conducted from April 2015 to October 2016 in two fragments in the south of Atlantic Forest biome through capture, mark and recapture technique. DSC was analyzed using Generalized Linear Models with Poisson distribution where the independent variables were sex, whether the animal was active or not in terms of reproduction, body weight, and climatic season. The mean DSC was greater for D. albiventris (44.6 ± 28.8 m), followed by S. angouya (31.9 ± 25.7 m), O. nigripes (25.8 ± 22.5 m) and A. montensis (18.9 ± 22.0 m). Males of all species moved larger DSC than females. Considering the rodents, reproductive animals also moved larger DSC than non-reproductive animals. Sex may have masked the effect of body weight, as males tend to be larger than females. Climatic effects were tested for A. montensis and O. nigripes, however, with diverse effects.
Landmark Extraction in HTN Planning

Landmarks are state features that need to be made true or tasks that need to be contained in every solution of a planning problem. They are a valuable source of information in planning and can be exploited in various ways. Landmarks have been used both in classical and hierarchical planning, but while there is much work in classical planning, the techniques in hierarchical planning are less evolved. In this paper we introduce a novel landmark generation method for Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning and show that it is sound and incomplete. We show that every complete approach is as hard as the underlying HTN problem. Since we make relaxations during landmark generation, this means NP -hard for our setting (while our approach is in P ). On a widely used benchmark set, our approach ﬁnds more than twice the number of landmarks than the approach from the literature. Though our focus is on landmark generation , we show that the newly discovered landmarks bear information beneﬁcial for solvers.
CHANGE DETECTION AND GIS-BASED FUZZY AHP TO EVALUATE THE DEGRADATION AND RECLAMATION LAND OF TIKRIT CITY, IRAQ

LULC factors in Tikrit city (Iraq) and the neighboring municipalities are studied among 1989, 2002 and 2015 using various techniques of remote sensing, geographical information system (GIS), and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP). Satellite imagery with GIS helped to assess the standard LULC changes in the long term period. FAHP permitted estimating the importance of various LULC by determination of the suitable weight for used factors and then producing the evaluating models. Using different techniques, two models were created (1) to estimate the degradation of the land (2) is generated to determine the reclamation of the area. The finding reveals that the a overall accuracy of 97.0939%, 98.9199% and 99.5817% or 1989, 2002 and 2015 respectively. The outcomes also revealed that urban, vegetation, and water features area are developed in the long term (1989–2015) about 4.35%, 4.28%, and 1.49%, respectively, while barren area is reduced about 5.57%. The degradation map index showed that the lands strongly debased are these converted from vegetation to barren, followed by moderate to high these changed from water areas to urban, while moderate degradation is noticed of urban transformed to barren soil. Contrary, the reclamation map index illustrated that the lands are powerfully transformed from barren to the vegetation and followed by those converted from barren to the water, while barren transformed to the urban is marked as moderate reclamation. The transformation from urban to vegetation or water was classified as the low and deficient class to evaluate the area. The study is also revealed that the integration of remote sensing and GIS produces a successful method for LULC monitoring and managing the environment.
P.76: Threshold Temperature Effect on Phase Transition of Blue Phase Liquid Crystal

The effect of threshold temperature on the phase transition of blue phase liquid crystals (BPLCs) is investigated that the electro‐optical properties can be affected by the threshold temperature. And the relationship between lattice formation process of BPLCs and temperature is also demonstrated that the heterogeneous lattice generation and the homogeneous lattice growth play different roles in phase transition process with different cooling rates.
The Process of Unit Price Extraction from Public Sector Contracts

Czech government institutions commissioned a research on extracting usual unit prices from public IT contracts to aid future public tender sizing. The goal of the project is to obtain millions of contracts from the public register, convert them to full text, extract unit prices from the text and publish a pricelist of IT industry manday prices. This paper designs the process and method of price extraction, demonstrates and evaluates the result on five iterations of extraction and discusses the experience of two years of project performance. The process is designed as a set of repeatable workflows and specified activity and role description. The method is designed as a combination of automated and manual actions. Due to the format and content variability of involved documents and the low mistake tolerance, the possibility of automated extraction of unit prices from full text contract is limited, and human workforce for validation is crucial.
The Immediate Effect of High-Intensity Laser Therapy on Pain Relief and Shoulder Function in Patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome

Background: Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) is a very common and prevalent disorder worldwide. Laser therapy has been used in the treatment of SAIS while very limited studies have assessed the immediate effects of High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) on SAIS. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of HILT on patients with SAIS. Methods: Twenty patients with SAIS were enrolled in this study between May and November 2019. All participants were clinically diagnosed with SAIS. They received one session of HILT. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), shoulder Range of Motion (ROM) in flexion, and Constant-Murley Scale (CMS) were assessed before and immediately after intervention. Results: In this retrospective study, at the end of the study program, comparisons before and after treatment in the HILT group showed significant improvements in all outcome measures, including VAS, shoulder ROM, and CMS (P<0.05). Conclusion: HILT can immediately reduce pain and disability and improve shoulder flexion ROM in patients with SAIS.
Political Innovations for ICT Institutionalization in Benin Agricultural System

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a significant role in addressing the challenges in agriculture in many countries. However, the institutionalization of ICT in any country’s agricultural system highly depends on its ICT policies. Benin’s agricultural sector has undergone many policy reforms since its independence in 1960 which caused changes in the orientation of ICT usage. This article aims to analyze ICT integration policies in agriculture in Benin regarding the innovations brought to facilitate its institutionalization. Therefore, three (3) dimensions of national political innovations are explored: innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice. A qualitative approach was adopted based not only on policy documents analysis such as laws, decrees and projects/programs but also on interviews with 30 key persons involved in the sector. The results showed that: (i) ICT has long been overlooked in agricultural policies in Benin; (ii) Low propensity and capacity was noticed regarding innovation of ICT integration in agriculture from 1960 until 2014. After this period, several innovations were introduced but they are still under innovation practiced. This study shows to researchers and practitioners that high political innovation propensity in the field of ICT integration in agriculture does not guarantee its institutionalization. The three concepts –innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice are inter-linked with each other in successfully institutionalizing ICT in agricultural sector. In the case of Benin, despite the fact that several innovations have been introduced their institutionalization is lagging behind. The results are useful for ICT policies, researchers and practitioners to better understand the process of ICT integration in agricultural system.
Numerical and Theoretical Analysis of the Ion Transport Around a Completely Polarizable Electrode Under AC for Use in Microfluidics

It is well known that a solid surface when in contact with an electrolyte shows accumulation of ions (usually anions) at the interface due to some reason. Because of this, the counter ions (cations, in the usual cases) in the electrolyte are attracted to the region very close to the interface between the solid and liquid constituting the EDL (electric double layer). Distribution of ions within EDL depends on the amount of ions adhered on the surface and also the nature of the electrolyte, such as PH and ion concentrations, etc. Figure 1 illustrates the concept sketch of this classical phenomenon.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Small-scale composition fluctuations and microdomain formation in lipid raft models as revealed by small-angle neutron scattering

Substantial evidence has accumulated recently that in cell membranes composition fluctuations and microdomains exist, also referred to as rafts. The structure of ternary model raft lipid mixtures, such as sphingomyelin, cholesterol and DOPC (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine) or POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine), was studied by small-angle neutron scattering using the H/D contrast variation technique. The lipid mixtures exhibit a Q−3 power-law scattering, indicating the existence of composition fluctuations, which correspond to space-filling droplets with a broad size-distribution ranging from about 20 to 200 nm. No indications of critical-like concentration fluctuations are visible in the concentration and temperature range (15–60 °C) covered. The data clearly demonstrate the existence of microdomains in the model raft mixtures not only in the μm range as revealed by fluorescence microscopy, but also their existence over a large length scale down to the range of several nanometres. In addition, we were able to directly visualize the resistance of part of the lipid domains against non-ionic detergent (Triton X-100) in situ.
Evidence from the gold mining industry

We study the selective hedging puzzle, using data on the speculative activity of a sample of 92 North American gold mining firms, a setting that seems likely to satisfy the conditions stipulated by Stulz (1996) for shareholder value-maximizing selective hedging. Contrary to our predictions, we find that smaller firms speculate more than larger firms, although they are less likely than larger firms to possess the information and financial advantages necessary to outperform the market through speculation. We also find that a higher probability of financial distress is linked to a higher likelihood of corporate speculation. Nonetheless, this finding fails to explain the speculation undertaken by the bulk of the firms in our sample, which are financially sound and far from bankruptcy. Our findings on the relationship between speculation and managerial incentives provide no support for (and indeed, contradicts) the possibility that managers may be speculating in their own self interest. We find that rewarding managers through stock and options, and also insider ownership of the firm’s shares, actually work to reduce managerial incentives to speculate. Since neither shareholders nor managers seem to benefit from selective hedging, our findings are consistent with the remaining possibility for selective hedging identified by Stulz (1996) – that managers hedge selectively because they erroneously believe they can outperform the market – which raises many new questions for future research.
Understanding Teacher Identity Construction: Professional Experiences of Becoming Indonesian Montessori Teachers

This study sought to investigate the identity construction of Indonesian Montessori teachers. The research was done in two Montessori schools in Yogyakarta: Cosmic School and Universe School (pseudonyms). The participants involved in this research were eight teachers in total. The data gathering process employed questionnaire, classroom observation, interview, and written reflections. The findings have shed a light on the ways teachers develop their identities within Montessori’s values and principles that they reflect and implement in their daily teaching practice. The findings of the research portrayed that there were four major salient principles influencing the identity formation of becoming Montessori teachers. They were movement and cognition, choice, interest, and teacher ways and child ways. Those principles and values were becoming teachers’ guidance of creating professional working ethos. Montessori principles also influenced the teachers in the ways they perceived and treated the students. This study also revealed the undertaken agencies to hold identity as Montessori teachers. There were three broad themes to explain their agencies. They entailed the essence of building communication between teacher and parents, the significance of community support, and the importance of being well-prepared teachers. Based on the findings and discussion, some recommendations for future studies are also presented.
The Determining Factors of Exchange Rate Fluctuations: A Case Study of Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India

This constructive study identifies economic indicators that influence ER fluctuations in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan from 1987 to 2018. The VECM model has been employed to identify the long-run causal movement from EXP, FDI, and FCE to RER. The Wald test is also applied as a VECM short-run representation to evaluate the model's short-run movement. This research's major determinations indicate that the long-term and short-term causal movements from FDI, EXP, and FCE to RER are momentous and significant. On top of that, the study's empirical recommend to policymakers and economy politicians that a shock to FCE, FDI, and EXP leads to fluctuations in RER. Moreover, FDI and EXP appreciate local currency against USD.
THE IMPACT OF CONCEPT MAPPING ON EFL STUDENT’S READING COMPREHENSION

The present study investigated the influence of concept mapping on EFL student’s reading comprehension ability. Concept maps are visual representations of knowledge which can be employed as a learning strategy by the learners to find the relationship between current knowledge and new information. They allow the learners to figure out how ideas are connected through representing knowledge in graphs. The major aim of the current study is to assess the effects of concept mapping on Iranian EFL student’s reading comprehension in two high schools in Iran. In doing so, 80 pre-university students were randomly assigned to experimental (20 males & 20 females) and control (20 males & 20 females) groups. Then a pretest-posttest design was utilized. The results of the pretest indicated that the two groups were homogeneous with regard to their reading comprehension ability. The experimental group was taught to construct concept maps through brainstorming before reading each passage. Results of ANCOVA and T-test revealed that there was a significant difference between the two groups with students in the experimental group outperforming those in the control group in reading comprehension. The findings of this study could have some implications for teaching reading comprehension to EFL students.
The Relationship between Authentic Leadership and Work Engagement

The purpose of this research to examine the relationship between the authentic leadership behaviors of the school administrator and the work engagement of the teachers, according to the perceptions of the teachers of secondary school. The research was designed in the relational survey model and carried out with 300 teachers. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used in the research. As a result of the research, it was found that teachers’ general perceptions of authentic leadership of school administrators was relatively high and the highest level on balanced processing. Teachers’ general perceptions work engagement was relatively high and the highest level on dedication. Positive, medium and low-level relationships were found between authentic leadership and work engagement. According to teachers, the authentic leadership of school administrators significantly predicted teachers’ perceptions of work engagement. Based on these findings it has been proposed to various suggestions have been put forward such as protect and increase the authentic leadership behaviors of school administrators and teachers’ work engagement levels.
The Polar Code's Implications for Safe Ship Operations in the Arctic Region

Simultaneously with a decreasing sea ice cover in the Arctic region an increase in ship traffic is experienced in these waters, meaning a higher probability of accidents and incidents to occur. The capability to handle emergency situations for shipowners, operators and rescuers in a cold climate environment are heavily affected by the risks present in polar waters and depends on limited emergency response resources covering extremely large areas. In 2017, the International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (The Polar Code) was adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), applicable for the Arctic and Antarctic regions. The goals of the functionally based regulation are to provide for safe ship operations and the protection of the polar environment, by addressing risks present in polar waters and to ensure these are mitigated sufficiently. A qualitative pilot study, with individual expert interviews, has been conducted in order to examine the Polar Code's implications for safe ship operations in the Arctic region. The study concludes that the discussions raised in the aftermath of the Polar Code has led to an increase in focus and a strengthen consciousness about hazards and risks associated with polar water ship operations and additional measures required to mitigate these. Further, the implementation of the Polar Code is considered as a milestone by establishing an international regulation, mandatory for polar water ship design and for voyage planning. However, the study points out that the main principle of the Polar Code is risk-based, meaning the performance of safe ship operations are depending on those subjects to the regulation, to conduct thorough operational risk assessments covering all actual hazards, and to ensure that those are mitigated sufficiently. In this regard, authority presence is found crucial, to validate the adequacy and the dimensioning of the implemented measures.
CHICKEN ANAEMIA VIRUS IMPAIRS NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTION IN HD11 CHICKEN MACROPHAGES

Immunosuppressive viruses cause substantial economic losses to the poultry industry. Chicken anaemia virus (CAV) causes severe disease in young chickens, whereas subclinical infection in older birds causes immunosuppression. In this study, we addressed the ability of CAV to interfere with production of antimicrobial molecule nitric oxide (NO) by macrophages. NO production in chicken macrophage cell line HD11 was induced using both Toll-like receptor 4 agonist, bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and an immune modulator, interferon-γ. In addition, we treated macrophages with CAV propagated in chicken lymphoblastoid cells. The levels of NO were measured by the Griess reaction. Addition of CAV decreased both the interferon-γ and the lipopolysaccharide associated induction of NO. Observed effect was not caused by CAV-related cytotoxicity, as no decrease in number of viable cells was observed. Although CAV could not completely abrogate NO production, attenuation of NO induction was clearly present. We have previously shown that CAV interferes with the expression of interferons in chickens during subclinical infection. Since the signalling pathways of expression of interferons and type 2 nitric oxide synthase, enzyme involved in NO formation, overlap, we conclude that measured decrease in NO levels is a consequence of CAV interference with interferon and NO synthase signalling. Regardless of the fact whether the attenuation of NO serves as a viral primary defence, or is only a secondary effect, it could impair the immune response to other pathogens and contribute to the global immunosuppression in chicken houses.
Position Forward Kinematics of 6-DOF Robotic Arm

The paper describes the construction and verification of a kinematic model of a robotic arm position, which should be composed of special modules (URM). The concept of modularity plays a fairly important role here, as it is possible to assemble from individual modules machines with different movement options and several degrees of freedom. The degrees of freedom of the arm are facilitated by six rotating links, which are, thank to those modules, unlimited. The actual implementation of the robotic arm's kinematic model into the software environment occurred in two environments. In order to check the correctness of the calculation of the individual parts of the kinematic structure's position in space, two different models were intentionally created. A mathematical model in Matlab - Simulink and a mechanical model built in the Matlab - Simscape environment.
Visual Analysis of Spatial Metadata

Spatial data gathered from various data sources contains huge amount of metadata. Large amount of metadata creates problem for the user to get insight into the required data for any specific application. The problem of selecting required data can be solved by applying data query and spatial query in GIS tool. This paper is attempted to select, visualize and analyze spatial metadata by performing query operations followed by visualizing techniques and plotting graphs to find the densely populated areas in Gurugram District. Spatial data of Gurugram District having large set of metadata information is added to QGIS tool. Query operations followed by dense pixel display visualization technique is used in GIS for better understanding of result data set. The result set having Gurgugram City, Farukhnagar, Sohna, Pataudi and Manesar are further analyzed by plotting graphs.