Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CXCR 2 GENE POLYMORPHISM AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH MASTITIS IN MURRAH BUFFALO WANI

Present study was carried out on interleukin-8B receptor gene of Murrah buffalo with an objective to find polymorphism of interleukin-8B receptor gene and its association with mastitis. Genomic DNA was isolated from randomly selected lactating buffalo by phenol-chloroform isoamyl alcohol method. Quality and quantity of DNA was checked and it was found to be of good quality as determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. A self designed set of primers covering 459 bp nucleotides of IL-8B receptor gene which was used and PCR products of 459 bp were obtained. PCR-RFLP was done for all the samples from healthy and mastitis animals using Msp I, AvaII, BlpI restriction enzymes. Pattern of resolution of digested fragments by all the restriction enzymes was found same i.e xx, yy, and zz respectively in both two groups of animals. All monomorphic bands were found. Target sequence IL-8B receptor gene of Murrah buffalo was sequenced which has been found to span over 459 bp long. The multiple sequence alignment between four healthy and four mastitic animals choosen randomly revealed variation at one places. M2 (mastitic) animal showed substitution of C by G at position no. 6. Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) analysis revealed sequence identity of target region (IL-8B receptor gene) of Murrah buffalo was, 99% with Bos taurus× Bos indicus (F927834.1), 98% with Bos taurus (DQ328664.1), 97% with Ovis aries (XM004005420.1) and 93% with Sus scrofa (AK230995.1). No significant association of Interleukin-8B receptor gene with mastitis was found. In phylogenetic tree, the target sequence of interleukin-8B receptor gene of Bubalus bubalis are found more closely related to Bos taurus× Bos indicus and Bos taurus than to Ovis aries and Sus scrofa
PLANT-POLLINATOR NETWORKS IN THREE HABITATS ON A BALTIC ISLAND

4 INTRODUCTION.5 Why networks and pollination is important.5 Network patterns and properties.5 Roles of species.5 Dynamics.6 Study system.6 Questions.6 METHOD.7 Study site.7 Sampling procedure.7 Analysis.7 Taxonomic groups of pollinators.9 RESULTS.9 Network structure.9 Modules, roles and habitats.10 Habitat generalisation.11 DISCUSSION.12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.14 REFERENCES.14 SAMMANFATTNING.17
The determinants of inventors ' interregional mobility

The aim of the present paper is to identify the determinants of the geographical mobility of skilled individuals, such as inventors, across European regions. Among a large number of variables, we focus on the role of social proximity between inventors’ communities. We use a control function approach to address the endogenous nature of networks, and zero-inflated negative binomial models to accommodate our estimations to the count nature of the dependent variable and the high number of zeros it contains. Our results highlight the importance of physical proximity, job opportunities, social networks, as well as other relational variables, in mediating this phenomenon.
xPROT : OBJECT-ORIENTED PROTOTYPING MODEL

Even relational database management systems have now become the standard for data processing applications;object oriented database systems are being developed to meet the complex data modeling requirements. In thispaper an object-based system, xPROT, is introduced which could be used for rapid program development.System includes some pre-defined methods and classes as Menu, Report, View, Table. In xPROT the schema aswell as the data manipulation is expressed by the same command-based language. Expressiveness, easiness andflexibility in terms of data modeling power is investigated.
Modelling of Polyurethane Foaming with Finite Pointset Method

The foaming process of polyurethane is numerically simulated with the Finite Pointset Method (FPM) which belongs to SPH techniques (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics). The present three dimensional model allows the investigation of the foaming process including the transient free surface flow and the strong coupling of the material properties with the chemical reactions. The potential of the FPM method to solve problems with free surfaces and complex boundary conditions is illustrated by means of a mould filling of an automotive underlay carpet cavity
Annual Conference POLICIES TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN CHILDREN AND YOUTH

The World Health Organization is encouraging countries to develop and implement policies aimed at increasing physical activity in children and adolescents. The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) to identify the common existing international policies established to increase physical activity in children and adolescents; and (2) to examine the extent to which these policies are supported by solid scientific evidence. Existing policies as well as intervention studies for children and adolescents in Europe, America, Asia, and Oceania that were written in English and Chinese were identified via scientific databases, reference lists of articles, and existing archives and databases via non-electronic search. The policy areas found to be the most common were: (1) Physical Education in School; (2) Physical Activity-Related Health Education; (3) Community Environmental Support; (4) School Environmental Support; (5) Active Transport/Urban Design; and (6) Mass Media/Advertising Campaigns. For these policy areas, the intervention literature was reviewed and segmented into three domains: policy research (studies examining the relationship of policies to physical activity levels in young people), effectiveness studies (multi-site physical activity interventions), and efficacy studies (single site or local physical activity interventions). Effectiveness studies provided support for policies that focus on increasing Physical Education in School, improving School Environmental Support and Active Transport/Urban Design, and launching Mass Media/Advertising Campaigns designed to increase physical activity levels in children and adolescents. The results for Physical Activity-Related Health Education and Community Environmental Support were mixed, indicating that more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of physical activity policies in those areas. [J Exerc Sci Fit • Vol 9 • No 1 • 1–14 • 2011]
The Research Progress of the Genus Lecidea and Identification of Some Lecidea , Lecidella and Porpidia Species in Many Areas

The genus Lecidea belongs to Lecideaceae, which is the typical genus of Lecideaceae, including approximately 100 species in the genus. In China, systematic studies have been barely done on Lecidea, and 40 species and 1 variation species have been reported. Because of the wide distributions of the genus Lecidea, its morphological structures have variations. Other crustose lichens that are superficially similar with a hand lens include species of Lecidella and Porpidia. In the paper, a preliminary study on morphology and chemical components was conducted between the three genera. Meanwhile, with the help of molecular phylogeny methods, the phylogenetic relationship about the genera were studied. The phylogeny of Lecidea, Lecidella and Porpidia species was studied, based on ITS sequences using ML analyses. Phylogenetic relationships among 17 individuals representing 7 Lecidea species, 5 Lecidella species and 5 Porpidia species, mainly from different countries around the world, were included in the analyses. Our phylogenetic analyses supported traditional genera delimitations based on morphological and chemical traits in most but not all cases.
Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly by On-line Human Action Recognition Based on an FSM Task Model

This paper describes a human-robot collaboration in assembly tasks. When a robot works as an assistant to the user, timely supports from the robot is a key to realizing fluent collaboration. The robot, therefore, has to be able to recognize the current state of the assembly task and to choose assistive actions accordingly. We develop a finite state machine-based task model and a repertoire of visual routines for the task state and human action recognition for a collaborative assembly of a small table. The robot also generate verbal messages for keeping the user informed of the status of the robot. We successfully conducted collaboration experiments using our humanoid robot assistant.
Evaluation of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles , Soybean Hulls and Whole Corn in Diets for Growing and Finishing Meat Goats

try has grown dramatically within the past five-year period. For the year 2005, USDA estimates the number of breeding goats in Kentucky. to be in excess of 63,500 on 2,500 farms. This population ranks Kentucky sixth nationally in goat numbers. Much of this growth has occurred on small to medium sized farms. Major issues for these producers are economical and easily managed feeds for the production of meat goats for slaughter. Grainbased commercial feeds and supplements may not be economical. High-starch supplements reduce ruminal pH and fiber digestibility, thus reducing growth rate. Some by-
Protein Analysis and Purification: Benchtop Techniques

This practical manual on protein research is designed to be a progression of experimental protocols that an inexperienced investigator may follow when embarking on a biochemical or biotechnology project. The reader is guided through the plethora of proven and productive methods for both soluble proteins and membrane or particulate-associated proteins. Special attention is given to providing optimalchoices from a range of methods available in a modern lab for a particular application. Over 180 protocols are included with materials lists, step-by-step instructions and comments on practical issues such as time considerations and safety issues. Each chapter includes troubleshooting tips, icons and references. Selected chapters and protocols may serve as lab courses in contmporary protein research techniques.
Simulation and Optimization of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil Structure

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is widely used in the field of neurological treatment for its non-invasive and painless effects. The figure-8 coil is a widely used stimulation coil because of its simple production and good focusing. In this paper, the induced electric field distribution of four different figure-8 coils, such as circular, triangular, square and pentagonal, is analyzed under the condition of equal coil length. The results show that the triangular coil has better electric field focusing in the target area. The circular coil field value is better in tangential distribution, and the production is simpler. The research results has certain engineering value in medical applications.
Pattern discovery for event detection in health insurance data

Computer technology has penetrated virtually all aspects of modern life. One of the main reasons for the success of modern computers is their ability to store large amounts of information in central or distributed repositories, and with the development of modern data mining techniques, the ability in finding relevant information from those repositories. This has given rise to important forms of data stores such as databases and the World Wide Web (WWW). It is known that the typical size of data stores increases at an exponential rate over time. This is due to the fact that data collection is greatly simplified through computer technology, and due to the fact that storage devices become larger and cheaper all the time. As a consequence, the discovery or extraction of information in a data store is becoming an increasingly challenging task. For example, finding information on the World Wide Web, the largest known source of digital information storage, has become possible through efficient search engine designs. The scalability of web search engines is achieved through the distribution and parallelization of the search task, and through algorithms which scale at most linearly with the size of a dataset. Google, the largest of the web search engine companies, solves the problem through a partitioning of the WWW into chunks, and assigning a set of chunks to independent computers called chunk servers. Information contained in these chunks is indexed, and documents are ranked by an efficient algorithm called PageRank. This system allows the finding of documents which contain a given set of keywords within a fraction of a second despite the current size of Google’s database, containing an estimated 6 billion documents. Much more challenging is the task of finding patterns in large sets of data. This exercise is commonly referred to as Data Mining. Data mining assumes no prior knowledge about the data in a dataset. This is a common situation arising out of data logging. Logging is the task of recording events for the purpose of keeping a trail (record) of past activities in a system. For example, sales in a supermarket are logged electronically at cash registers which record the sale of any item. The records stored normally include a name or description of the item, the sales price, the location of the sale, the time of sale, and perhaps other fields such as the name, ID number, of the salesperson, the identity of the buyer, etc. The analysis of such logged data can be utilized to analyse a variety of aspects concerning the system. For example, the analysis of
Development of Detection, Counting and Yield Estimation Algorithm for Agricultural Products

Computer vision methods are helpful for automatic counting of fruits on trees. In this paper we present automatic detection, counting and yield estimation algorithm for fruits on the basis of color and shape analysis in the field. Firstly, preprocessing was applied on input fruit tree images and then it was converted from RGB to L*a*b color space to detect the fruit region from its background. Otsu’s method was used to create the image segmentation. Morphological operation was applied on binary images to remove noise. Then fruits were extracted by region labeling. Edge detection technique was applied on the labeled images to detect the edges of fruit region. On this edge detected image, circular fitting algorithm was applied for automatic counting of fruits. We used different types of fruits (apple, Tangerine/orange, pomegranate, lemon, peach, plum) for automatic counting. The simulation outputs show that new counting algorithm is found to be suitable and gives better accuracy than Newton’s method [17] for yield estimation. It gives 88.73% accuracy for apple, 93.93% for Tangerine/Orange, 81.36% for pomegranate, 84.43% for Lemon, 83.14% for peach, 70.18% for plum fruits and gives average yield measurement error is 16.3%.
Statistical Bases of Reference Values in Laboratory Medicine

Some History of Reference Values Calculating Reference Limits Sample Sizes and Subgroups Multivariate Reference Regions and Indices Time-Dependent Reference Values Comparison of Within-Subject and Among-Subject Variances Predictive Values for Monitoring Healthy Subjects and Patients Analytical Goals for Reference Values Analytical Goals In Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Reference Values in the Future References
Integrated Smart Sensors: Design and Calibration

1. Introduction. 2. Integrated Smart Sensor Concept. 3. Calibration and Linearization Techniques. 4. Calibration Using Analog Signal Processing. 5. Calibration Using Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Conversion. 6. Calibration Using Digital Signal Processing. 7. Summary and Conclusions. Index.
Contextual bootstrapping for grammar learning

The problem of grammar learning is a challenging one for both children and machines due to impoverished input: hidden grammatical structures, lack of explicit correction, and in pro-drop languages, argument omission. This dissertation describes a computational model of child grammar learning using a probabilistic version of Embodied Construction Grammar (ECG) that demonstrates how the problem of impoverished input is alleviated through bootstrapping from the situational context. This model represents the convergence of: (1) a unified representation that integrates semantic knowledge, linguistic knowledge, and contextual knowledge, (2) a context-aware language understanding process, and (3) a structured grammar learning and generalization process. Using situated child-directed utterances as learning input, the model performs two concurrent learning tasks: structural learning of the grammatical units and statistical learning of the associated parameters. The structural learning task is a guided search over the space of possible constructions. The search is informed by embodied semantic knowledge that it has gathered through experience with the world even before learning grammar and situational knowledge that the model obtains from context. The statistical learning task requires continuous updating of the parameters associated with the probabilistic grammar based on usage and these parameters reflect shifting preferences on learned grammatical structures. The computational model of grammar learning has been validated in two ways. It has been applied to a subset of the CHILDES Beijing corpus, which is a corpus of naturalistic parent-child interaction in Mandarin Chinese. Its learning behavior has also been more closely examined using an artificial miniature language. This learning model provides a precise, computational framework for fleshing out theories of construction formation and generalization.
Xml schema part 0: primer

XML Schema Part 0: Primer is a non−normative document intended to provide an easily readable description of the XML Schema facilities, and is oriented towards quickly understanding how to create schemas using the XML Schema language. XML Schema Part 1: Structures and XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes provide the complete normative description of the XML Schema language. This primer describes the language features through numerous examples which are complemented by extensive references to the normative texts. Status of this document This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C. This document has been reviewed by W3C Members and other interested parties and has been endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited as a normative reference from another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web. This document has been produced by the W3C XML Schema Working Group as part of the W3C XML Activity. The goals of the XML Schema language are discussed in the XML Schema Requirements document. The authors of this document are the members of the XML Schema Working Group. Different parts of the document have different editors. This version of this document incorporates some editorial changes from earlier versions. Please report errors in this document to www−xml−schema−comments@w3.org (archive). The list of known errors in this specification is available at http://www.w3.org/2001/05/xmlschema−errata. The English version of this specification is the only normative version. Information about translations of this document is available at http://www.w3.org/2001/05/xmlschema−translations. XML Schema Part 0: Primer 1 A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR.
Full CUDA Implementation Of GPGPU Recursive Ray-Tracing

Britton, Andrew D. M.S., Purdue University, May 2010. Full CUDA Implementation of GPGPU Recursive Ray-Tracing. Major Professor: Dr. Bedrich Benes. Pioneered by the works of Whitted and Appel, ray tracing has become a standard format for image rendering. Ray tracing is a very accurate mathematical calculation of light and color, but is a very slow process. The question becomes how can researchers combine the speed of GPU calculations with the rendering quality of ray-tracing? The focus of this research is to solve this question. Our research will test the effectiveness of decreasing render times by implementing a full GPGPU ray trace renderer with recursive ray casting. The purpose of this study is to test the speed of brute force ray tracing calculation on the GPU versus the optimized ray tracing capabilities of a production quality renderer. Specifically, how much faster, if at all, can the GPU speed up rendering. For this study the author created two renderers, a CPU renderer and a GPU renderer, written in C++ and CUDA respectively. The author written renderers are implemented without spatial partitioning or ray-object prediction algorithms. The rendering speed of the CPU, GPU and Mental Ray renderers were tested in two scene groups with the first group containing one scene and the second group containing three scenes. The first test scene contains a 5 sided box of 10 triangles and 48 spheres. The second group of scenes contains the same box of 10 triangles with an expanding set of objects. The first, second and third scenes contain 900, 10000 and 30000 objects, respectively. All renderers
Teoria da resposta ao item (TRI): estimação bayesiana da habilidade de indivíduos

This article presents a simulation study for the estimation of ability measurements () of individuals subjected to a test designed according to the methodology of Item Response Theory (IRT). We used a bayesian approach and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure to obtain the simulated posterior samples via OpenBUGS. The procedure was implemented in the R language and used the R2WinBUGS and BRUGS libraries. The performance of the Bayes estimator for individual abilities was evaluated by comparison with the corresponding true values which were used to simulate the test result data. The method performs well in terms of coverage by be posterior credibility sets. Basic notions about IRT as a new method to grade education tests, and possible other applications for the methods are also included.
Computerized detection and characterization of mass lesions in digital mammography

Computer-aided diagnosis schemes for the detection of breast lesions in digital mammograms are being developed. The detection scheme employs a bilateral-subtraction technique that is based on the normal symmetry between the left and right breast images. The presence of asymmetries indicates a possible lesion. Feature-analysis techniques are then used to reduce the number of false-positive detections. In addition, characterization methods are being developed to aid in the benign/malignant decision. The authors plan to incorporate the schemes into a dedicated intelligent workstation for use as a second opinion in a mammographic screening program. Output from the computer would be displayed as an aid, leaving the final diagnostic decision to the radiologist. <<ETX>>