Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Characterization of Novel Non-Ionic Surfactant Based Aceclofenac Gel as a Potential Drug Delivery System

Background: Aceclofenac is considered to the first line drug in the symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoartheritis and ankylosing spondylitis. The successful treatment of arthritis depend on the maintenance of effective drug concentration level in the body, for which a constant and uniform supply of drug is desired. The short biological half-life (about 4 hrs) and dosing frequency more than once a day as well as (70-80%) of dose is excreted by renal transport make aceclofenac an ideal candidate for formulation of niosomal gel. Methodology: The niosomal gel of aceclofenac in order to sustain the release of aceclofenac topically, decreases the side effect of GI disturbance by maintaining the concentration of the drug in the blood and decrease the renal excretion as well as frequency of dosing. Niosomal gel was prepared by coacervation phase separation method. Preformulation studies, structural analysis, in-vitro drug release study, mechanism of drug release kinetic and data analysis (zero order, first order and higuchi’s model), percentage entrapment efficiency and stability study were performed (n=3). Anti-Inflammatory study was performed for final optimized formulation. Result and conclusion: It is revealed from preformulation studies that materials obtained for study did not show any incompatibility. Particle size was determined in the range of 9.46±1.055 to 12.91±3. 587μm by using an optical microscope with calibrated eyepiece micrometer. Scanning Electron Microscopy of niosomes was performed to observe surface morphology and percentage entrapment efficiency of niosomes were reported in the range of 63.49±0.265% to 78.55±0.425%. From release kinetic modelling, it was analysed that the drug was released from niosomes by a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Lastly, stability study of all formulations was done in two different temperature and anti inflammatory activity of final optimised formulation was compared with marketed formulation (Voveran Emulgel). Results shows that the aceclofenac Niosomal gel showed fair anti-inflammatory activity but it was not as good as the commercial product.
NMR Study of the Dissolution of Core-Crystalline Micelles

Short fragments of the core-crystalline micelles formed by a sample of poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane)-block-poly(isoprene) (PFS-b-PI) block copolymer (BCP) underwent self-seeding in decane when heated above its dissolution temperature. Variable temperature (VT) 1H NMR and diffusion-ordered pulsed-gradient spin–echo (DOSY) NMR were used to monitor the behavior of micelles that dissolved as a function of increasing temperature. We examined a sample of micelle fragments of PFS65-b-PI637 characterized by Ln = 39 nm and Lw/Ln = 1.13. The PI corona had high mobility and gave a 1H NMR signal in both micellar and unimer forms. In contrast, the PFS component could only be detected for the dissolved unimer. We found from 1H NMR that essentially all the BCP molecules were incorporated into the micelles at temperatures up to and including 50 °C, at the limit of NMR detection. Both PFS and PI resonances could be detected between 70 and 100 °C, and the integration ratio of the PFS-to-PI peaks increased with temperature.
Comparative study on the corrosion of alloys in artificial saliva

Four types of dental alloys used in metal-ceramic technology, two NiCr-based and two CoCr-based, were studied for corrosion resistance. Of the 4 types of alloys, circular samples of 14 mm in diameter and 4 mm thickness were poured into the dental laboratory which were subsequently processed and subjected to corrosion in artificial saliva at the temperature of the human body (37 ± 0.5°C) and at pH = 5.2. In corrosion resistance testing performed, one of the CoCr-based alloys was shown to have the lowest corrosion current density, the lowest corrosion rate and a high polarization resistance.
Low‐Cost N,N′‐Bicarbazole‐Based Dopant‐Free Hole‐Transporting Materials for Large‐Area Perovskite Solar Cells

Despite the recent unprecedented development of efficient dopant‐free hole transporting materials (HTMs) for high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) on small‐area devices (≤0.1 cm2), low‐cost dopant‐free HTMs for large‐area PSCs (≥1 cm2) with high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have rarely been reported. Herein, two novel HTMs, 3,3′,6,6′ (or 2,2′,7,7′)‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)‐N,N′‐bicarbazole (3,6 BCz‐OMeTAD or 2,7 BCz‐OMeTAD), are synthesized via an extremely simple route from very cheap raw materials. Owing to their excellent film‐forming abilities and matching energy levels, 3,6 BCz‐OMeTAD and 2,7 BCz‐OMeTAD can be successfully employed as a perfect ultrathin (≈30 nm) hole transporting layer in large‐area PSCs up to 1 cm2. The 3,6 BCz‐OMeTAD and 2,7 BCz‐OMeTAD based large‐area PSCs show highest PCEs up to 17.0% and 17.6%, respectively. More importantly, high performance large‐area PSCs based on 2,7 BCz‐OMeTAD retain 90% of the initial efficiency after 2000 h storage in an ambient environment without encapsulation.
The Effects of a Quillaja/Yucca Saponin Combination onPerformance, Clostridium perfringens Counts and Percentageof Salmonella Positive Broiler Chickens

A series of four floor pen trials was carried out to determine the effects of a Quillaja and Yucca combination product (QY) on growth performance of broiler chickens reared in a high disease challenge environment. The trials also determined number of Clostridium perfringens in faeces and percentage of birds harboring Salmonella in their intestines. In each trial, used litter from farms known to have had outbreaks of necrotic enteritis and difficulties with Salmonella was used as bedding material. QY was adminis tered in feed at 0, 250 and 500 ppm and fed for the duration of the 42-day tests. Data from the four studies were pooled and perfor mance and total mortality were evaluated at 21 and 42 days of age. Intestinal and faecal samples were collected at the same intervals in order to quantify faecal Clostridium perfringens counts and the incidence of Salmonella. Results demonstrated that QY produced significant linear improvements (P < 0.001) in performance and mortality. At both 21 and 42 days, significant linear reductions (P < 0.001) in numbers of faecal Clostridia were observed and the percentage of birds harboring Salmonella was reduced. These results indicate that in addition to improving bird performance and mortality, QY may reduce the levels of important bacteria that adversely affect bird performance and influence the safety and acceptability of poultry meat products.
Ammonothermal Crystal Growth of Indium Nitride

InN crystals with hexagonal shapes were grown from InCl3 and KNH2 in supercritical ammonia at around 280 MPa. For a successful crystal growth a molar ratio of the chloride to the amide of 1:3 was applied, thus providing an essentially ammononeutral milieu. The obtained InN crystals vary in size and aspect ratio depending on the applied furnace temperature: at 663 K hexagonal platelets up to 2 μm in diameter, as well as rods with lengths of 4 μm and diameters of 1 μm were obtained; at 773 K rods grew up to 2.5 μm in length. By combining both temperature programs, with a 10 h annealing step at both temperatures, we were able to increase the crystal size up to 5.2 μm in length and 0.4 μm in diameter.
High-Pressure Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Ge-Substituted Filled Skutterudite Compounds; LnxCo4Sb12−yGey, Ln = La, Ce, Pr, and Nd

A series of new Ge-substituted skutterudite compounds with the general composition of LnxCo4Sb12−yGey, where Ln = La, Ce, Pr, and Nd, is prepared by high-pressure and high-temperature reactions at 7 GPa and 800 °C. They have a cubic unit cell and the lattice constant for each compound is 8.9504 (3), 8.94481 (6), 8.9458 (3), and 8.9509 (4) A for the La, Ce, Pr, and Nd derivatives, respectively. Their chemical compositions, determined by electron prove microanalysis, are La0.57Co4Sb10. 1Ge2.38, Ce0.99Co4Sb9. 65Ge2.51, Pr0.97Co4Sb9. 52Ge2.61, and Nd0.87Co4Sb9. 94Ge2.28. Their structural parameters are refined by Rietveld analysis. The guest atom size does not affect the unit cell volume. The Co–Sb/Ge distance mainly determines the unit cell size as well as the size of guest atom site. The valence state of lanthanide ions is 3+.
Effect of Geraniol on Brain Cholesterol, Vitamin A and E Levels in The Hydrogen Peroxide-Treated Rats

Amac: Bir monoterpen olan geraniol, bazi bitkilerde yer alan dogal bir antioksidandir. Hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) ise reaktif oksijen turlerinin (ROS) bir uyesidir. Bu calismada, H2O2 uygulanan sicanlarda geraniolun beyin kolesterolu ve yagda cozunen A (retinol) ve E (alfa (α)-tokoferol ve α-tokoferol asetat) vitaminlerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Gerecler ve Yontem: Calismada yetiskin erkek Wistar sicanlar rastgele dort gruba ayrilarak (n=7), geraniol (50mg/kg) ve H2O2 (16mg/kg), intraperitoneal olarak, 30 gun suresince gun asiri uygulandi. Beyin numuneleri homojenize edildikten sonra kolesterol, α-tokoferol, α-tokoferol asetat ve retinol duzeyleri yag ekstraktlarindan HPLC ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Beyin kolesterol duzeyinin H2O2 grubunda kontrol grubuna kiyasla daha fazla oldugu belirlendi. H2O2 ve geraniol+ H2O2 gruplarinda, beyin α-tokoferol asetat duzeylerinin kontrole kiyasla daha yuksek oldugu bulundu. Beyin retinol seviyesi bakimindan gruplarin hicbirisinde istatistiksel olarak anlamli bir degisiklik mevcut degildi. Sonuc: Elde ettigimiz veriler, beyinde kolesterol ve α-tokoferol asetat duzeylerinin H2O2 ile olusturulan oksidatif stresten etkilendigini gostermektedir. Geraniolun erkek sicanlarda H2O2’nin etkilerini azaltma potansiyeli oldugu soylenebilir.
The Water Polymorphism and the Liquid–Liquid Transition from Transport Data

NMR spectroscopic literature data are used, in a wide temperature-pressure range (180–350 K and 0.1–400 MPa), to study the water polymorphism and the validity of the liquid–liquid transition (LLT) hypothesis. We have considered the self-diffusion coefficient DS and the reorientational correlation time τθ (obtained from spin-lattice T1 relaxation times), measured, respectively, in bulk and emulsion liquid water from the stable to well inside the metastable supercooled region. As an effect of the hydrogen bond (HB) networking, the isobars of both these transport functions evolve with T by changing by several orders of magnitude, whereas their pressure dependence become more and more pronounced at lower temperatures. Both these transport functions were then studied according to the Adam–Gibbs model, typical of glass forming liquids, obtaining the water configurational entropy and the corresponding specific heat contribution. The comparison of the evaluated CP,conf isobars with the experimentally measured water specific heat reveals the full consistency of this analysis. In particular, the observed CP,conf maxima and its diverging behaviors clearly reveals the presence of the LLT and with a reasonable approximation the liquid–liquid critical point (LLCP) locus in the phase diagram.
Spectroscopic evidence of low-energy gaps persisting up to 120 K in surface-doped 
p
-terphenyl crystals

The possibility of high temperature superconductivity in organic compounds has been discussed since the pioneering work of Little in 1964, with unsatisfactory progress until the recent report of a weak Meissner shielding effect at 120 Kelvin in potassium-doped para-terphenyl samples. To date however, no other signals of the superconductivity have been shown, including the zero-resistance state or evidence for the formation of the Cooper pairs that are inherent to the superconducting state. Here, using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy on potassium surface-doped para-terphenyl crystals, we uncover low energy gaps that persist to approximately 120 K. Among a few potential origins for these gaps, we argue that the onset of electron pairing within molecules is most likely. And while pairing gaps are a prerequisite for high temperature superconductivity they do not guarantee it. Rather, the development of long-range phase coherence between the paired states on the molecules is necessary, requiring good wavefunction overlap between molecular states--something that is in general difficult for such weakly overlapping molecules.
Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Decision Making-Based Algorithm for Semantic Web Service Composition

Choosing the global optimal execution plan is an important process in the semantic Web service composition. The plan selection based on QoS is still challenging because the heterogeneous QoS values make data aggregation and decision making hard. This paper presents a novel Fuzzy Multi-attribute decision making-based semantic Web service Composition algorithm (FuMuCom) to solve the above difficulties for the first time. FuMuCom takes all possible QoS expression types (real number, interval and linguistic expression) into consideration. It includes three main steps: defuzzifying linguistic data, normalizing the decision matrix and evaluating alternatives synthetically. Other contributions of the paper include an extensible QoS ontology to express the heterogeneous QoS values, an ontology evolution strategy for aggregating QoS and a set of experiments that demonstrate the benefits and effectiveness of our approach.
Adaptive rover behavior based on online empirical evaluation: Rover–terrain interaction and near‐to‐far learning

Owing to the fundamental nature of all‐terrain exploration, autonomous rovers are confronted with unknown environments. This is especially apparent regarding soil interactions, as the nature of the soil is typically unknown. This work aims at establishing a framework from which the rover can learn from its interaction with the terrains encountered and shows the importance of such a method. We introduce a set of rover–terrain interaction (RTI) and remote data metrics that are expressed in different subspaces. In practice, the information characterizing the terrains, obtained from remote sensors (e.g., a camera) and local sensors (e.g., an inertial measurement unit) is used to characterize the respective remote data and RTI model. In each subspace, which can be described as a feature space encompassing either a remote data measurement or an RTI, similar features are grouped to form classes, and the probability distribution function over the features is learned for each one of those classes. Subsequently, data acquired on the same terrain are used to associate the corresponding models in each subspace and to build an inference model. Based on the remote sensor data measured, the RTI model is predicted using the inference model. This process corresponds to a near‐to‐far approach and provides the most probable RTI metrics of the terrain lying ahead of the rover. The predicted RTI metrics are then used to plan an optimal path with respect to the RTI model and therefore influence the rover trajectory. The CRAB rover is used in this work for the implementation and testing of the approach, which we call rover–terrain interactions learned from experiments (RTILE). This article presents RTILE, describes its implementation, and concludes with results from field tests that validate the approach. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determinants of the Quality Financial Information Small and Medium Enterprises Sector

This study aims to determine the effect of owner support, personal technical skills, training and education programs, age, gender, length of business and formal education on the performance of accounting information systems. This research was conducted on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Solo Raya area. The type of data used is quantitative data. The data source used is primary data. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The population in this study is SMEs in the Solo Raya area. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method with the number of samples determined with a specific purpose as many as 56 SMEs. The results showed that the variables of owner support, personal technical ability, training and education programs had an effect on the performance of the accounting information system, while variables of age, gender, length of business and formal education had no effect on the performance of the accounting information system.
Performance Evaluation of Industrial Waste Heat Driven Power Cycles Utilizing Low Global Warming Potential Working Fluids

Waste heat from the industrial sector can be recovered, but the process is dependent on its temperature, with considerations for the waste heat from data centers at 80˚C being different from those for waste heat from cement plants at 350oC. Most waste heat recovery systems utilize high global warming potential working fluids, which are hazardous to the environment. The objective of this research is to evaluate the thermodynamic and economic performance of power cycles utilizing low global warming potential working fluids for waste heat recovery in data centers and cement plants. Numerical models using theoretical waste heat data are utilized and a present worth analysis is conducted. In data centers, it was found that certain low global warming potential working fluids have better thermodynamic performance than conventional working fluids. In cement plants, it was determined that an inter-regenerative transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle had the highest thermodynamic and economic performance.
Functional cell biology and molecular pharmacology of ATP sensitive potassium channels.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensitive potassium channels (K ATP) transduce changes in cellular metabolism into changes in membrane potential. Activation of K ATP channels causes vascular smooth muscle to hyperpolarize. This leads to a relaxation of the pre-contracted muscle. Inhibition of K ATP channels produces membrane depolarisation and reduces the ability of the vascular smooth muscle to hyperpolarize and thereby relax.K ATP channels are inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir), which are inhibited by ATP and stimulated by magnesium bound nucleotides. The K ATP channel is an octomeric combination of two different protein subunits. The pore is formed by four Kir6.2 subunits, each of which is associated with a regulatory sulphonylurea receptor (SUR) subunit. K ATP channels are found in a diverse range of tissue and are composed of different Kir and SUR subunits. In smooth muscle, Kir6.2 is the pore forming subunit and SUR2B is the associated regulatory subunit.A structurally diverse group of agents called K ATP channel openers (K ATP COs), have affinity for the SUR of K ATP channels, causing a hyperpolarisation of the cell membrane and a decrease in excitability. K ATP channel openers have a host of potential therapeutic targets, which range from urinary incontinence to obesity.The K ATP COs used in this study can be placed into two categories. The K ATP COs typified by pinacidil are sensitive to L-arginine analogues whereas the K ATP COs typified by cromakalim are insensitive to L-arginine analogues. This sensitivity appears to be independent of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) action as the vasorelaxant and Rb efflux responses to pinacidil are insensitive to the NOS inhibitor L-N5-(1-iminoethyl) ornithine (L-NIO). Pinacidil and cromakalim are believed to have a degree of commonality in how they interact with the K ATP CO binding site on SUR2B. Some parts of pinacidil though are believed to interact with the area of the K ATP CO binding site that recognises L-arginine analogues. In contrast, cromakalim is not believed to interact with this particular region of the K ATP CO binding site, which explains the insensitivity of cromakalim to L-NAME.
WebRTC based network performance measurements

As internet connections achieve gigabit speeds, local area networks (LANs) become the main bottleneck for users connection. Currently, network performance tests focus on end-to-end performance over wide-area networks and provide no platformindependent way to tests LANs in isolation. To fill this gap, I developed a suite of network performance tests that run in a web application. The network tests support LAN performance measurement using WebRTC peer-to-peer technology and statistically evaluate performance according to the Model-Based Metrics framework. Our network testing application is browser based for easy adoption across platforms and can empower users to understand their in-home networks. Our tests hope to give a more accurate view of LAN performance that can influence regulatory policy of internet providers and consumer decisions. Thesis Supervisor: Steven Bauer Title: Research Scientist
Theoretical modelling of non-contact atomic force microscopy on insulators

The Non-contact Atomic Force Microscope (NC-AFM) now offers the surface scientist the ability to resolve individual atoms on the surfaces of insulators. Atomically resolved NC-AFM images have now been demonstrated on insulating surfaces such as sodium chloride, calcium difluoride and nickel oxide, as well as many metallic and semi-conducting surfaces. However, in nearly all experiments the amount of information that can be extracted from these images alone is limited, and usually the identity of the resolved features is unknown. A great deal more information and understanding can be achieved if experimental data is combined with theoretical modelling of NC-AFM. A theoretical model was developed to reproduce the real NC-AFM tip-surface interactions and to simulate the behaviour of the oscillating cantilever under the influence of these interactions. A general study of the components of the tip-surface interaction has been performed, with special regard to the complex electrostatic interactions which are relevant to NC-AFM both at the microscopic and macroscopic scale. This study was used to produce a physical model of a NC-AFM tip which could be used in further modelling. In an attempt to characterize some of the important processes in NC-AFM, the model was first used to analyze the role of the tip, atomic relaxation and image forces in NC-AFM imaging. The model was then applied to NC-AFM imaging of the 1x1 reconstruction of the (110) surface of titanium dioxide, a classic benchmark in surface science. Theoretical scanlines of the surface compared well with experimental results, but it was found that image forces were important in imaging of TiO2. The model, including image forces, was then applied to two characteristic systems which have been atomically resolved in NC-AFM: (i) a thin film of NaCl on a copper substrate and (ii) the (111) surface of CaF2. In both cases the theoretical results compared well with experiment and extracted a lot more information about the tip, surface and tip-surface interactions than was previously available. In particular, for the first time in NC-AFM imaging of insulators, comparison of theory and experiment on the CaF2 surface allowed the sublattice imaged in experiments to be identified. Finally, the possibility of detecting the exchange force on a magnetic surface with a metal coated NC-AFM tip has been studied theoretically and compared with experimental results on the antiferromagnetic NiO (001) surface. The importance of theoretical modelling of NC-AFM in improving understanding of experimental results has been demonstrated. The model developed here has proved successful in simulating a wide variety of surfaces and interactions, and has greatly increased the amount of physical information available on the tip and surface structure, and tip-surface interactions compared to experiment alone.