Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated Intersection Control

Congestion is one of the biggest challenges faced by the transportation community; congestion accounted for an estimated $87.2 billion in losses in 2007 alone. Transportation professionals need to go beyond capacity expansion projects and explore novel strategies to mitigate traffic congestion. Automated intersection management is a novel strategy that has the potential to greatly reduce intersection delay and improve safety. Although the implementation of such a system is contingent on the development of automated vehicles, competitions such as the Grand Challenge and Urban Challenge of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency have shown that this technology is feasible and will be available. Therefore, the development of the infrastructure and associated control methods required to exploit fully the benefits of such technology at the system level is critical. This research explores one such innovative strategy, an automated intersection control protocol based on a first-come, first-served (FCFS) reservation system. The FCFS reservation system was shown to reduce intersection delay significantly by exploiting the features of autonomous vehicles. Microscopic simulation experimental results showed that the FCFS reservation system significantly outperformed a traditional traffic signal in reducing delay.
Analysis of a Cas12a-based gene-drive system in budding yeast

The discovery and adaptation of CRISPR/Cas systems within molecular biology has provided advances across biological research, agriculture and human health. Genomic manipulation through use of a CRISPR nuclease and programmed guide RNAs has become a common and widely accessible practice. The identification and introduction of new engineered variants and orthologues of Cas9 as well as alternative CRISPR systems such as the type V group have provided additional molecular options for editing. These include distinct PAM requirements, staggered DNA double-strand break formation, and the ability to multiplex guide RNAs from a single expression construct. Use of CRISPR/Cas has allowed for the construction and testing of a powerful genetic architecture known as a gene drive within eukaryotic model systems. Our previous work developed a drive within budding yeast using Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9. Here, we installed the type V Francisella novicida Cas12a (Cpf1) nuclease gene and its corresponding guide RNA to power a highly efficient artificial gene drive in diploid yeast. We examined the consequence of altering guide length or introduction of individual mutational substitutions to the crRNA sequence. Cas12a-dependent gene-drive function required a guide RNA of at least 18 bp and could not tolerate most changes within the 5′ end of the crRNA.
People tracking with multiple laser range sensors

This paper presents a decentralized method for people tracking with multiple 2D laser range sensors (LRSs) allocated in environments. Moving people which are detected from laser images with the LRSs are tracked based on Kalman filter, the assignment algorithm and Covariance Intersection method. A rule based on track management system is embedded into the tracking system in order to improve the tracking performance. The experimental results of people tracking validate this proposed method.
An Analysis of Cycles in Skirt Lengths and Widths in the UK and Germany, 1954-1990

The purpose of this study was to further understanding of the development of clothing fashions in Europe by investigating fashion cycles in two European countries, whether clothing dimensions show greater within-year variety over time, and whether differences can be observed between the dimensions of clothing fashionable in two different markets. Skirt length and skirt width data from mail-order catalogs in the UK and Germany were analyzed over the time period 1954-1990. The data suggest that for skirt lengths, both countries exhibit cyclical movements as well as increases in the within-year variability over the time period studied. Results for skirt width were less conclusive in terms of cyclical movement, although these figures did exhibit a high level of within-year variability. The data also indicated a high level of similarity in skirt length dimensions between the UK and German catalogs, although skirt width dimensions were found to vary quite extensively.
The molecular basis for the development of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma in patients with an IRF4K59R mutation

Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is an essential regulator in the development of many immune cells, including B‐ and T‐cells and has been implicated directly in numerous hematological malignancies, including adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Recently, an activating mutation in the DNA‐binding domain of IRF4 (IRF4K59R) was found as a recurrent somatic mutation in ATLL patients. However, it remains unknown how this mutation gives rise to the observed oncogenic effect. To understand the mode of IRF4K59R‐mediated gain of function in ATLL pathogenesis, we have determined the structural and affinity basis of IRF4K59R/DNA homodimer complex using X‐ray crystallography and surface plasmon resonance. Our study shows that arginine substitution (R59) results in the reorientation of the side chain, enabling the guanidium group to interact with the phosphate backbone of the DNA helix. This markedly contrasts with the IRF4WT wherein the K59 interacts exclusively with DNA bases. Further, the arginine mutation causes enhanced DNA bending, enabling the IRF4K59R to interact more robustly with known DNA targets, as evidenced by increased binding affinity of the protein–DNA complex. Together, we demonstrate how key structural features underpin the basis for this activating mutation, thereby providing a molecular rationale for IRF4K59R‐mediated ATLL development.
SIZE GRADING OF CORN KERNELS WITH MACHINE VISION

An electronic corn kernel size grading system was developed using machine vision. Measurements of kernel length, width, and projected area were obtained independent of kernel orientation. The performance of the size-grading algorithm was compared to the results of mechanical sieving using a precision round-hole seed sizer. Average accuracy from 73.8% to 90.3% was achieved on seed corn samples that were pre-sized using precision graders.
MEMS devices for high isolation switching and tunable filtering

This paper presents resonant capacitive microelectromechanical switches and their possible applications in tunable filtering. Single switches with a down capacitance of 2.9 pF and inductive sections of 3 to 50 pH are demonstrated, resulting in resonant frequencies from 13 to 54 GHz. Designs of resonant switches connected in parallel are also implemented with major advantages in isolation and bandwidth. Finally, tunable filters using these switches are discussed.
Realistic Modeling of Surface Georadar Antenna Systems

The generation and recording of electromagnetic waves by georadar systems are complex phenomena. To investigate the characteristics of typical surface georadar antennas operating in realistic environments, we have developed an antenna simulation tool based on a finite-difference timedomain (FDTD) approximation of Maxwell's equations in 3-D Cartesian coordinates. The accuracy of the algorithm is validated with respect to laboratory measurements for comparable antenna systems. Numerically efficient and accurate modeling of small antenna structures and high permittivity materials is achieved via subgridding. The antenna panels are modeled either as perfect electrical conductors or as thin material sheets of finite, spatially variable electrical conductivity. We simulate the radiation characteristics of a wide range of common surface georadar antenna types ranging from thin-wire antennas to bow-tie antennas with arbitrary flare angles. In particular, we explore how the performance of surface georadar antennas is affected by topographic roughness and small-scale heterogeneity as well as by optimized resistive loading.
Rotorcraft Trajectory Optimization with Realizability Considerations

This paper considers the problem of computing optimal trajectories for rotorcraft systems. The vehicle is described through a flight mechanics model, and the optimal control problem is solved by discretizing the vehicle governing equations using a finite-element method, followed by optimization of the resulting finite-dimensional problem. It is found that the computed control policies exhibit oscillations and very high—and therefore unrealistic—time rates, especially for aggressive or emergency maneuvers. Highly oscillatory controls can affect the vehicle trajectory by, for example, exciting short period type oscillations. We argue that this behavior of the computed controls is due to the lack of modeling detail of the vehicle actuators, implied by the classical treatment of the system controls as algebraic variables. We propose a simple, low-cost solution that is based on the recovery of the control time rates through a Galerkin projection. This approach is motivated by the desire to avoid direct modeling of the actuator dynamics, which typically requires one to resolve fine temporal scales in the solution. The recovered control rates can then be constrained to remain within physically acceptable bounds during the solution and can also be included in the optimization cost functions. Numerical experiments are shown to demonstrate that smoother control time histories and vehicle trajectories are computed through this approach.
The Use of Drop-Structures to Increase the Dissolved Oxygen Level along the Cibarani Channel

The Cikapundung river basin community uses the Cibarani channel as a drainage system and water source for fishing. However, the test result released on 9th November 2020 revealed that the channel’s water quality failed to reach the class II raw water standards due to various domestic waste discharges. This led to the performance of various studies to identify pollution control techniques by limiting the wastewater discharge and quality, controlling the intake discharge, and using baffles. The Cibarani channel has a drop-structure that can improve the water quality, though the effect has not been previously detailed. Therefore, this study was intended to comprehensively examine the effect of the drop-structure along the Cibarani channel to improve water quality conditions, specifically the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) parameter. This study employed the one-dimensional HEC-RAS software to simulate the hydrodynamic and water quality conditions along the Cibarani channel, and the drop-structure was modelled using two alternatives consisting of a vertical wall and a steep riverbed. Subsequently, the drop-structure fitted with a vertical wall gave a more plausible reaeration rate of 125 day-1 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value of 0.50. The placement of a similar configuration before the first housing of the channel increased the DO concentrations by an average of 4.37 mg/L. This was followed by the modelling of another drop-structure after the first housing to increase the DO levels at the downstream part. Eventually, the combination of the two new drop-structures succeeded in increasing the DO concentrations along the Cibarani channel to 3.3 - 6.9 mg/L.
Exploring the Importance of Innovations with Patent Citations

This thesis begins by outlining the theoretical and empirical foundations of the economics of innovations. It then proceeds by analysing four econometric issues in the measurement of technological knowledge embedded in patented innovations and modelling the statistical relationship of the value of patented innovations originating in the G-5 countries overtime. This thesis contributes to the economics of innovation literature in four areas: (1) a comprehensive review of the proxies available to elicit the value embodied in patented inventions (2) a direct comparison of regression estimates based on citations count dependent variable versus citations-weighted dependent variable (3) an introduction and application of Regression Tree and Graphical Modelling methodologies to model patented inventions (4) estimation of the fluctuations and associations in the values of patented innovation in the G-5 countries using patent citations.
Surgical Strategies to Reduce Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn's Disease After Ileocolic Resection

Postoperative recurrence after ileocaecal resection for fibrostenotic terminal ileal Crohn's disease is a significant issue for patients as it can result in symptom recurrence and requirement for further surgery. There are very few modifiable factors, aside from smoking cessation, that can reduce the risk of postoperative recurrence. Until relatively recently, the surgical technique used for resection and anastomosis had little or no impact on postoperative recurrence rates. Novel surgical techniques such as the Kono-S anastomosis and extended mesenteric excision have shown promise as ways to reduce postoperative recurrence rates. This manuscript will review and discuss the evidence regarding a range of surgical techniques and their potential role in reducing disease recurrence. Some of the techniques have been shown to be associated with significant benefits for patients and have already been integrated into the routine clinical practice of some surgeons, while other techniques remain under investigation. Current techniques such as resection of the mesentery close to the intestine and stapled side to side anastomosis are being challenged. It is looking more likely that surgeons will have a major role to play when it comes to reducing recurrence rates for patients undergoing ileocaecal resection for Crohn's disease.
Practical guidance for homing missiles with bearings-only measurements

Observability is analyzed for the target tracking with bearings-only measurements (BOM) applied to a passive homing missile system using augmented proportional navigation guidance (APNG). Based on the analysis, a practical homing guidance law is proposed to enhance observability for tactical missile applications. The new guidance law is tailored to provide oscillation of line-of-sight (LOS) angle induced by initial missile heading errors without sacrificing terminal effectiveness. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed guidance law provides convergence of the state estimates essential to homing guidance applications as well as terminal effectiveness.
Analysis of construction factors influencing the behaviour of soil-nailed earth retaining walls

The implementation, efficacy and performance of a construction technique such as soil-nailing in the field are largely controlled by local construction factors such as the construction sequence and scheduling of operations, which are quite varied in different geographical regions. The techniques adopted in the construction of the prototype walls described in a companion paper are unique, and very different from those adopted elsewhere, but nevertheless were effective in meeting stability and serviceability requirements. In this paper the effects of construction variables such construction sequence, type of facing, connection between nails and facing, stiffness of facing and inclination of wall facing are examined in detail by numerical simulations using FLAC (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua) code. Detailed parametric studies have been carried out, and the results are reported. La mise en œuvre, l'efficacite et la performance sur le terrain d'une technique de construction comme le cloutage du sol, son.
Impact of the high vertical electric field on low-frequency noise in thin-gate oxide MOSFETs

In this paper, quantum effects induced by the high vertical electric field, i.e., inversion layer quantization and gate current tunneling, are taken into account to model the low-frequency noise behavior of 0.13 /spl mu/m technology node thin gate oxide MOSFETs. First, we show that the modifications induced by inversion layer quantization in the band structure and spatial distribution of the inversion layer carriers must be taken into account when extracting an effective density of traps from 1/f noise measurements. The ultrathin gate oxide and the high substrate doping of scaled MOSFETs create a strong electrical field in the inversion layer, which causes the surface conduction (n-) or valence (p-MOSFET) band to split into discrete energy levels. The first allowed state resides then above (below) the conduction (valence) band level in the bulk, giving rise to a band gap widening and in addition the spatially localized charge centroid is at a finite distance from the SiO/sub 2//Si interface. The impact on both dc and noise parameters of these quantum effects have been numerically calculated and compared to experimental results. The main conclusions coming out of this study is that if the inversion layer quantization is neglected, inaccurate oxide trap densities will be derived from the input-referred voltage noise spectral density S/sub VC/:. A similar conclusion will hold for the extraction of the scattering coefficient derived in the frame of a correlated number fluctuations model or for the effective Hooge parameter, derived from the normalized drain current spectral density S/sub ID//I/sub D//sup 2/. Finally, a particular gate tunneling mechanism namely Electron Valence Band (EVB) tunneling is shown to modify the noise behavior of thin gate oxide devices in terms of a self-biasing body effect.
An assessment technique for information quality support in emergency response

Emergency services introduce complexities to information exchange, including the requirement for high quality information. Despite the importance of information quality (IQ), its assessment has been given very little attention in this domain. If the IQ issue is addressed at all, the focus stays within the low level data analysis without usually considering the contexts. For a significant class of information issues, it is necessary to improve IQ not just by working with data alone, especially when the exchanged information itself is closely connected to the enterprise contexts of organisation, technology, and process. However, this problem is not commonly understood and typically not studied in IQ research. To address the limitation, this paper examines an IQ assessment technique for information exchange within the domain of emergency medical service. Our novel approach to IQ studies brings focus away from inherent information repository towards a level of enterprise, specifically applied to the domain that has received little attention in IQ research - emergency service.
Cyclodextrin-Containing Hydrogels: A Review of Preparation Method, Drug Delivery, and Degradation Behavior

Hydrogels possess porous structures, which are widely applied in the field of materials and biomedicine. As a natural oligosaccharide, cyclodextrin (CD) has shown remarkable application prospects in the synthesis and utilization of hydrogels. CD can be incorporated into hydrogels to form chemically or physically cross-linked networks. Furthermore, the unique cavity structure of CD makes it an ideal vehicle for the delivery of active ingredients into target tissues. This review describes useful methods to prepare CD-containing hydrogels. In addition, the potential biomedical applications of CD-containing hydrogels are reviewed. The release and degradation process of CD-containing hydrogels under different conditions are discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future research directions on CD-containing hydrogels are presented.
Fabrication and characterization of micromachined rectangular waveguide components for use at millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies

The fabrication and characterization of micromachined reduced-height air-filled rectangular waveguide components suitable for integration is reported in this paper. The lithographic technique used permits structures with heights of up to 100 /spl mu/m to be successfully constructed in a repeatable manner. Waveguide S-parameter measurements at frequencies between 75-110 GHz using a vector network analyzer demonstrate low loss propagation in the TE/sub 10/ mode reaching 0.2 dB per wavelength. Scanning electron microscope photographs of conventional and micromachined waveguides show that the fabrication technique can provide a superior surface finish than possible with commercially available components. In order to circumvent problems in efficiently coupling free-space propagating beams to the reduced-height G-band waveguides, as well as to characterize them using quasi-optical techniques, a novel integrated micromachined slotted horn antenna has been designed and fabricated, E-, H-, and D-plane far-field antenna pattern measurements at different frequencies using a quasi-optical setup show that the fabricated structures are optimized for 180-GHz operation with an E-plane half-power beamwidth of 32/spl deg/ elevated 35/spl deg/ above the substrate, a symmetrical H-plane pattern with a half-power beamwidth of 23/spl deg/ and a maximum D-plane cross-polar level of -33 dB. Far-field pattern simulations using HFSS show good agreement with experimental results.
A methodology for the extraction of quantitative information from electron microscopy images at the atomic level

In this paper we describe a methodology developed at the University of Cadiz (Spain) in the past few years for the extraction of quantitative information from electron microscopy images at the atomic level. This work is based on a coordinated and synergic activity of several research groups that have been working together over the last decade in two different and complementary fields: Materials Science and Computer Science. The aim of our joint research has been to develop innovative high-performance computing techniques and simulation methods in order to address computationally challenging problems in the analysis, modelling and simulation of materials at the atomic scale, providing significant advances with respect to existing techniques. The methodology involves several fundamental areas of research including the analysis of high resolution electron microscopy images, materials modelling, image simulation and 3D reconstruction using quantitative information from experimental images. These techniques for the analysis, modelling and simulation allow optimizing the control and functionality of devices developed using materials under study, and have been tested using data obtained from experimental samples.
Load Frequency Control of Large Scale PV-BESS Generation Installation using Power System Stabilizer

This paper presents the load frequency control of large-scale PV-BESS generation installation using a power system stabilizer. According to control the frequency, standalone and on-grid systems are preferred to produce the electricity-dependent on the limitation of power plant location. The green energy source is unreliable and stable for electricity-producing, but it's easy to select sizing and location because it is friendly with the environment. The combination of power grid-connected is necessary for considered the load frequency swing; therefore, power stability and reliability are key for controlling and studying the proposed distribution of electricity to thy end-user. The proposed large-scale PV-BESS generation system is presented in this paper for solving the load frequency swing problem. When the power distribution system was unfortunate, problems occurred, such as fault, lighting, and traffic accident. The power system still continuously supplies electricity to end-user by reactive power compensation by adjusting the generator exited control to maintain the electricity production immediately. The simulation results show that the power system stabilizer can be damped the load frequency of the proposed power distribution system. Therefore, this study can be verified that reactive power control can eliminate the power oscillation and swing angle.