Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OBSERVATION OF SUPRATHERMAL ELECTRONS DURING MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AT THE SAWTOOTH INSTABILITY IN DIII-D TOKAMAK

OAK A271 OBSERVATION OF SUPRATHERMAL ELECTRONS DURING MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AT THE SAWTOOTH INSTABILITY IN DIII-D TOKAMAK. Intense bursts of x-ray and electron cyclotron emission are observed during sawtooth instabilities in high-temperature plasmas in the DIII-D tokamak. The bursts are initiated around the X-point of the m = 1, n = 1 magnetic island at the beginning of the sawtooth crash and are displaced to larger radii later during the temperature collapse. Reconstruction of the magnetic configuration using motional Stark effect (MSE) data and numerical simulations indicates that the bursts can be connected with suprathermal electrons (E{sub r} {approx} 30-40 keV) generated during reconnection of the magnetic field around the q = 1 surface.
Impact of corporate governance on dividend policy: A systematic literature review of last two decades

Abstract The present study endeavours to perform a systematic review of the literature related to the impact of corporate governance on dividend policy in the last two decades. This study uses the systematic literature review process . 143 articles were identified initially and subsequently further narrowed down to 66 most relevant articles for the scope of this study. This paper critically examines the influential studies in the literature related to the impact of corporate governance on dividend policy. The literature review related to corporate governance is analysed from two broad perspectives i.e. (a)Impact of Shareholder protection on dividend pay-out and (b) Impact of Controlling stakeholders on dividend pay-out. Our findings are as follows. Firstly, a vast majority of studies have found a positive relationship between better corporate governance practice and higher dividend pay-out. Secondly, the study finds that the majority of the research has been done in the USA and Europe while limited studies have focussed on emerging markets. Finally, our reviews show that there is a dearth of studies that evaluate the impact of the structural changes in corporate governance in various emerging markets. This study contributes to the extant literature in several ways. It highlights the research gaps in this field and provides a potential agenda for academicians and research organizations for future research.
Trigonometric parallax of IRAS 22555+6213 with VERA : Three-dimensional view of sources along the same line of sight (Special Feature : Recent Results from VERA)

We report the results of the measurement of the trigonometric parallax of an H$_2$O maser source in \r22 with the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA). The annual parallax was determined to be 0.314$\pm$0.070~mas, corresponding to a distance of 3.18$^{+0.90}_{-0.66}$~kpc. Our results confirm \r22 to be located in the Perseus arm. We computed the peculiar motion of \r22 to be $(U_{src}, V_{src}, W_{src}) = (4\pm4, -32\pm6, 8\pm6)$~\kms, where $U_{src}$, $V_{src}$, and $W_{src}$ are directed toward the Galactic center, in the direction of Galactic rotation and toward the Galactic north pole, respectively. \r22, NGC\,7538 and Cepheus A lie along the same line of sight, and are within 2$^{\circ}$ on the sky. Their parallax distances with which we derived their absolute position in the Milky Way show that \r22 and \ngc~are associated with the Perseus Arm, while \cepa~is located in the Local Arm. We compared the kinematic distances of \iras, \ga, \gb, \gc, \gd, \cepa, \ngc, \ge, \gf~and \r22~derived with flat and non-flat rotation curve with its parallax distance and found the kinematic distance derived from the non-flat rotation assumption ($-$5 to $-$39 \kms~lag) to be consistent with the parallax distance.
Cryo-electron tomography with mixed-scale dense neural networks reveals key steps in deployment of Toxoplasma invasion machinery

Abstract Host cell invasion by intracellular, eukaryotic parasites within the phylum Apicomplexa is a remarkable and active process involving the coordinated action of apical organelles and other structures. To date, capturing how these structures interact during invasion has been difficult to observe in detail. Here, we used cryogenic electron tomography to image the apical complex of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites under conditions that mimic resting parasites and those primed to invade through stimulation with calcium ionophore. Through the application of mixed-scale dense networks for image processing, we developed a highly efficient pipeline for annotation of tomograms, enabling us to identify and extract densities of relevant subcellular organelles and accurately analyze features in 3-D. The results reveal a dramatic change in the shape of the anteriorly located apical vesicle upon its apparent fusion with a rhoptry that occurs only in the stimulated parasites. We also present information indicating that this vesicle originates from the vesicles that parallel the intraconoidal microtubules and that the latter two structures are linked by a novel tether. We show that a rosette structure previously proposed to be involved in rhoptry secretion is associated with apical vesicles beyond just the most anterior one. This result, suggesting multiple vesicles are primed to enable rhoptry secretion, may shed light on the mechanisms Toxoplasma employs to enable repeated invasion attempts. Using the same approach, we examine Plasmodium falciparum merozoites and show that they too possess an apical vesicle just beneath a rosette, demonstrating evolutionary conservation of this overall subcellular organization.
Instagram Influencers: How they impact consumer buying behavior

The increasing popularity of social media platforms, especially Instagram, which has over one billion users, has resulted in appearance of a new marketing strategy for businesses that is the use of influencers. In this regard, it has been a recent trend for fashion industries to use the highest number of influencers in order to promote and advertise their products with the intention of increasing their sales. This thesis should address whether or not Instagram influencers/bloggers have an impact on their followers buying behavior. The paper therefore examines the use and power of influencers on Instagram, the way companies promote their products through influencers, users perceived trust toward such promoted products and last but not least, the consumer buying behavior affected by influencers on Instagram. Therefore, a quantitative method through survey-based research was conducted to carry out the purpose of this thesis. The questionnaire was drafted based on the existing literature and performed on a sample of total 55 respondents. Some of the variables had to be slightly adjusted to fit to the purpose of this study. Relationships and differences between factors such as trust, characteristics of a promoted post, type of influencers and number of bought promoted products were analyzed, from which, some of the hypotheses depict a significant findings. The findings provide support for the research hypothesis according to which, the number of bought promoted products/services has a positive relationship with user’s perceived level of trust towards promoted posts as well as with their preference for promoted posts. As a result, the data concludes that people do have a certain level of trust on promoted products. There are some agreements between primary and secondary findings on key points with a few exceptions.
OverGen: Improving FPGA Usability through Domain-specific Overlay Generation

FPGAs have been proven to be powerful computational accelerators across many types of workloads. The mainstream programming approach is high level synthesis (HLS), which maps high-level languages (e.g. C+ #pragmas) to hardware. Unfortunately, HLS leaves a significant programmability gap in terms of reconfigurability, customization and versatility: Although HLS compilation is fast, the downstream physical design takes hours to days; FPGA reconfiguration time limits the time-multiplexing ability of hardware, and tools do not reason about cross-workload flexibility. Overlay architectures mitigate the above by mapping a programmable design (e.g. CPU, GPU, etc.) on top of FPGAs. However, the abstraction gap between overlay and FPGA leads to low efficiency/utilization. Our essential idea is to develop a hardware generation framework targeting a highly-customizable overlay, so that the abstraction gap can be lowered by tuning the design instance to applications of interest. We leverage and extend prior work on customizable spatial architectures, SoC generation, accelerator compilers, and design space explorers to create an end-to-end FPGA acceleration system. Our novel techniques address inefficient networks between on-chip memories and processing elements, as well as improving DSE by reducing the amount of recompilation required. Our framework, OverGen, is highly competitive with fixed-function HLS-based designs, even though the generated designs are programmable with fast reconfiguration. We compared to a state-of-the-art DSE-based HLS framework, AutoDSE. Without kernel-tuning for AutoDSE, OverGen gets 1.2$\times$ geomean performance, and even with manual kernel-tuning for the baseline, OverGen still gets 0.55$\times$ geomean performance--all while providing runtime flexibility across workloads.
Does Indian real estate regulation protect urban homebuyers? policy implications

Abstract The proponents claim that the Indian Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERDA, 2016/Act) has saved homebuyers from exploitation by promoters’ evasive and aggressive approach and has impacted society. The paper, while discussing the relevant statutory provisions and judicial decisions protecting urban homebuyers’ interests, examines the reactions of 751 respondents, comprising homebuyers, unsuccessful buyers, builders, officials, and nine experts, using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and the chi-square test. The findings show that builders’ lobbying and regulatory capture exploit homebuyers. Timely judiciary interventions have eased builders’ obstacles, allowing builders and governments to safeguard homebuyers’ interests. Politics and interstate tensions create homebuyers’ owes. Violation of ethical principles is a common practice. However, the Act’s performance remains uneven six years after its adoption. Our results on real estate reform might help policymakers, and planners, alter current laws in a worldwide competitive economy. Our findings suggest that a law’s success in a country’s development depends on political will, design, alignment with development objectives, flexibility, efficacy, and adaptability to socioeconomic realities. The study has implications for research on the real estate market’s theory, policy, and socioeconomic practice.
The Need for Design-for-Recycling of Paper-Based Printed Electronics – a Prospective Comparison with Printed Circuit Boards

The present study compares conventional printed circuit boards (having glass-fibre and epoxy substrates and etched copper circuits) with paper-based printed electronics (offering flexible, bio-based, and biodegradable substrates with circuit design printed using silver-based inks) and assesses the relevance of e-waste recycling to the latter ’ s sustainability. Therefore, a comparative life cycle assessment between these two options has been undertaken and the global warming impacts were calculated. The impact assessment results underscore that printed electronics offer a consistent sustainability advantage over printed circuit boards only through recycling of silver in the former at the end-of-life. Hence, design-for-recycling and recycling as e-waste are crucial to the sustainability of the current generation of printed electronics. Other foreseen waste treatment options for paper-based printed electronics, such as composting, and paper recycling, are likely to limit the sustainability advantage of printed electronics to circuits with small conductive areas
An Investigation of the Thermal Transitions and Physical Properties of Semiconducting PDPP4T:PDBPyBT Blend Films

This work focuses on the study of thermal and physical properties of thin polymer films based on mixtures of semiconductor polymers. The materials selected for research were poly [2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-3,6-diyl)-alt-(2,2′;5′,2″;5″,2′′′-quater-thiophen-5,5′′′-diyl)]—PDPP4T, a p-type semiconducting polymer, and poly(2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)-pyrrolo [3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-alt-2,2′-bithiophene)—PDBPyBT, a high-mobility n-type polymer. The article describes the influence of the mutual participation of materials on the structure, physical properties and thermal transitions of PDPP4T:PDBPyBT blends. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the phase diagram for PDPP4T:PDBPyBT blend films, constructed on the basis of variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Both techniques are complementary to each other, and the obtained results overlap to a large extent. Our research shows that these polymers can be mixed in various proportions to form single-phase mixtures with several thermal transitions, three of which with the lowest characteristic temperatures can be identified as glass transitions. In addition, the RMS roughness value of the PDPP4T:PDBPyBT blended films was lower than that of the pure materials.
Exactly solved models in statistical mechanics

exactly solved models in statistical mechanics exactly solved models in statistical mechanics rodney j baxter exactly solved models in statistical mechanics exactly solved models in statistical mechanics flae exactly solved models in statistical mechanics dover books exactly solved models in statistical mechanics dover books exactly solved models in statistical mechanics dover books hatsutori in size 15 gvg7bzbookyo.qhigh literature cited r. j. baxter, exactly solved models in exactly solvable models in statistical mechanics exactly solved models in statistical mechanics dover books okazaki in size 24 vk19j3book.buncivy exactly solved models of statistical mechanics valerio nishizawa in size 11 b4zntdbookntey fukuda in size 13 33oloxbooknhuy yamada in size 19 x6g84ybook.zolay in honour of r j baxter’s 75th birthday arxiv:1608.04899v2 statistical mechanics, threedimensionality and np beautiful models: 70 years of exactly solved quantum many exactly solved models in statistical mechanics (dover solved lattice models: 1944 2010 university of melbourne exactly solved models and beyond: a special issue in the statistical mechanics of the classical two-dimensional faculty of science, p. j. saf ́arik university in ko? sice? a one-dimensional statistical mechanics model with exact statistical mechanics department of physics and astronomy statistical mechanics principles and selected applications graph theory and statistical physics yaroslavvb chapter 4 methods of statistical mechanics ijs thermodynamics and an introduction to thermostatistics potts models and related problems in statistical mechanics methods of quantum field theory in statistical physics statistical mechanics: theory and molecular simulation exactly solvable su(n) mixed spin ladders springer statistical field theory : an introduction to exactly
Nitrogen Isotope Evidence for Changing Arctic Ocean Ventilation Regimes During the Cenozoic

In this work, I report on the coupling of dinitrogen (N2) fixation and denitrification in oxygen‐deficient waters of the Arctic Ocean during the Paleogene. This coupling fertilized marine phytoplankton growth and favored organic carbon burial. Reduced vertical mixing due to salinity stratification in a tectonically closed oceanic basin created conditions favorable for N2‐fixation by phytoplankton harboring diazotrophic bacterial symbionts. A positive shift of 5‰ in the δ15N record indicates a change in the main source of biologically available nitrogen due to rapidly changing nutrient availability. I interpret this shift as a switch to Atlantic‐sourced nitrate as the main nitrogen source owing to the opening of the Arctic‐Atlantic gateway to the northern North Atlantic. While the timing of the opening is still disputed among the available Arctic records, I use evidence from the northern North Atlantic to argue that the Arctic Ocean has been fully ventilated since the early Neogene.
Online interactive face-to-face learning in mathematics in engineering education

ABSTRACT Online teaching has come to play an increasingly important role in higher education, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Being unable to be on campus with face-to-face teaching can be challenging. This article provides a possible option of how first-year engineering students at NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology) adapt to mastering higher mathematics. The purpose of the research is to see whether a more ‘face to face’ experienced online teaching technological method will have a positive impact on student engagement, as well as exam performance. We refer to this new method as ‘TeachUs’ in this paper for the sake of convenience. This method gives eye contact experience for the students, which has been shown to improve engagement. The surveys of the student groups confirmed the preference of this teaching method as compared to conventional screen sharing methods.
Detection of bisphenol A in thermal paper receipts and assessment of human exposure: A case study from Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical that is widely used in various industrial applications. It has concerns in its use as a color developer in thermal paper receipts since it is identified as an endocrine disruptor and causes hormonal disturbances. In this study, thirty thermal paper receipt samples were randomly collected from various locations in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates and analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Sixty percent (60%) of receipt samples showed BPA levels above the acceptable limit (200 ng/mg) set by the European Union (EU) for thermal papers. On the other hand, 40% of the samples reported very low BPA levels (< 0.02 ng/mg). However, estimated weight adjusted daily intakes (EDI) ranged between 8.22 ×10−11 and 0.000812 μg/kg bw/day for the general population, and between 7.89×10−9 and 0.0681 μg/kg bw/day for the occupationally exposed cashiers. Thus, all calculated EDIs were below the European Food Safety Authority Tolerable Daily Intake (4 μg/kg·bw/day) and the provisional Health Canada Tolerable Daily Intake (25 ug/kg bw/day) under varying paper-to-skin transfer coefficients and absorption fractions. Nevertheless, due to its health effects and recent legal restrictions by EU, the occurrence of co-exposure to dietary and non-dietary sources should be considered in the health risk assessment of Bisphenol A, mainly for people with frequent occupational exposure to thermal paper, and especially with the increased use of sanitizers. The current study is a first within the UAE context in relation to BPA in thermal paper receipts, thus its significance especially with the recent EU enforcement of BPA limits in paper receipts. The study highlights that proper policies as well as education and awareness may assist in limiting transdermal BPA exposure for the general and occupationally exposed populations.
Computational Methods for Multiphase Flow: Immersed boundary methods for fluid interfaces

Nearly half a century of computational fluid dynamics has shown that it is very hard to beat uniform structured grids in terms of ease of implementation and computational efficiency. It is therefore not surprising that a large fraction of the most popular methods for finite Reynolds number multiphase flows today are methods where the governing equations are solved on such grids. The possibility of writing one set of governing equations for the whole flow field, frequently referred to as the “one-fluid” formulation, has been known since the beginning of large-scale computational studies of multiphase flows. It was, in particular, used by researchers at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in the early 1960s for the marker-and-cell (MAC) method, which permitted the first successful simulation of the finite Reynolds number motion of free surfaces and fluid interfaces. This approach was based on using marker particles distributed uniformly in each fluid to identify the different fluids. The material properties were reconstructed from the marker particles and sometimes separate surface markers were also introduced to facilitate the computation of the surface tension. While the historical importance of the MAC method for multiphase flow simulations cannot be overstated, it is now obsolete. In current usage, the term “MAC method” usually refers to a projection method using a staggered grid. When the governing equations are solved on a fixed grid, the different fluids must be identified by a marker function that is advected by the flow. Several methods have been developed for that purpose. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method is the oldest and, after many improvements and innovations, continues to be widely used. Other marker function methods include the level-set method, the phase-field method, and the constrained interpolated propagation (CIP) method.
In an Adjacency Matrix Which Encodes for a Directed Hamiltonian Path, a Non-Zero Determinant Value Certifies the Existence of a Directed Hamiltonian Path When no Zero Rows (Columns) and no Similar Rows (Columns) Exist in the Adjacency Matrix

The decision version of Directed Hamiltonian path problem is an NP-complete problem which asks, given a directed graph G, does G contain a directed Hamiltonian path? In two separate papers, the author expresses the graph problem as an adjacency matrix and a proof given to show that under two special conditions relating to theorems on the determinant of a square matrix, a non-zero determinant value certifies the existence of a directed Hamiltonian path. Here, a brief note is added to repair a flaw in the proof. The result, as expressed in the paper title is a more defensible proposition
Fast mode decision for CU coding based on CNN for the VVC standard

Abstract. Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is the latest generation of the video coding standard. In VVC, the advanced quadtree with a nested multitype tree (QTMT) partition structure provides more flexible coding unit (CU) partition sizes compared with the quadtree (QT) decision tree structure applied in the previous High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. This flexibility, achieved by the new QTMT partitioning improvement, considerably improves the coding performance while increasing the coding computational complexity caused mainly by the rate distortion optimization processing. To overcome the complexity issue, a fast deep intra QTMT decision tree approach based on a convolution neural network (CNN) is adopted to determine the QTMT depth decision of each 128 × 128 Coding Tree Unit (CTU). The proposed algorithm predicts both the BT depths at 32 × 32 CUs and the QT depths at 64 × 64 using trained CNNs designed for each structure instead of processing the RDcost. Experimental results prove that the suggested deep QTMT approach achieves an important complexity reduction of up to 55.51% compared with the original reference software VTM3.0, with an average of about 35% encoding time reduction accompanied by an insignificant loss in encoding performance.