Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Individualized Target Fortification of Breast Milk: Optimizing Macronutrient Content Using Different Fortifiers and Approaches

Background: Native breast milk composition displays significant inter- and intra-individual variation which persists after standard fortification with fixed doses and challenges target fortification. This study aims to analyze the macronutrient composition of different commercially available fortifiers and the effect of different fortification strategies on nutritional intake of preterm infants. Methods: In 103 preterm infants, native breast milk samples were collected from 24-h feeding batches (n = 3,338) and fat, protein and carbohydrate contents were analyzed. Nutrient content was compared for breast milk that had undergone either (i) standard fortification, (ii) targeted fortification, (iii) selective batching according to breast milk composition, or (iv) partial lyophilization. For (i) eight commercially available standard fortifiers were tested. Targeted fortification (ii) involved the addition of single component modulars of either protein, fat or carbohydrates to standard fortified breast milk. Using a mathematical growth model, the combined effect of protein, fat and carbohydrate intake on growth was assessed. The best composition of standard fortifiers as the initial step for target fortification was explored assuming three clinical scenarios for milk analysis. Results: Macronutrient content was highly variable between native breast milk samples, and this variation was still present after standard fortification, however at elevated macronutrient levels. Standard fortification, breast milk batching, as well as partial lyophilization of human milk resulted in deficient and imbalanced enteral intakes in a significant proportion of infants. Target fortification reduced this variation in a, respectively, higher percentage of samples. The effect size was dependent on the number of measurements per week. The optimum composition of standard fortifiers was dependent on the clinical scenario (measurement frequency) for target fortification. Conclusions: To provide precise and accurate intakes of macronutrients, breast milk should be target fortified. Standard fortified breast milk can result in excess above recommended intakes of some macronutrients which limits the efficiency of target fortification. Standard fortifiers with improved composition are needed for target fortification.
The Circadian Syndrome Predicts Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Better Than Metabolic Syndrome in Aging Males: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study

Background: The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) increases in men. Although several risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression, were identified, the underlying etiological factor remains unclear. Recently, circadian syndrome (CircS) was proposed as a novel risk cluster based on MetS. To compare the predictive power of the CircS and MetS for LUTS/BPH, this study was performed. Materials and Methods: In the baseline survey, 4,390 men older than 40 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were enrolled. Of them, 3,658 men were followed in the 2015 survey. Logistic regression was adopted to examine the relationships between CircS, MetS, and LUTS/BPH. To further verify the association, propensity score matching was used for sensitivity analyses. Moreover, the participants who had LUTS/BPH at the baseline were excluded to test the longitudinal relationships between CircS, MetS, and LUTS/BPH. In addition, we employed the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to compare the predictive power using the number of components of CircS and MetS. The DeLong test was used to test the disparities of area under the curves (AUCs). Results: The prevalence of CircS and MetS in aging men was 30.23 and 38.36%, respectively. The odds ratios for prevalent LUTS/BPH were 1.61 (95% CI = 1.29–2.00, P < 0.001) and 1.34 (95% CI = 1.08–1.66, P < 0.01), respectively, in aging men. This increased risk was also observed in incident LUTS/BPH. The prevalence of LUTS/BPH in normal, CircS alone, MetS alone, and both CircS and MetS groups was 6.96, 8.77, 7.83, and 10.77%, respectively. The AUCs for CircS predicting prevalent and incident LUTS/BPH were higher than those for MetS (0.582 vs. 0.556 for incident LUTS/BPH, P < 0.001; 0.574 vs. 0.561 for prevalent LUTS/BPH, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The CircS predicts both incident and prevalent LUTS/BPH better than MetS.
Parenting Styles, Depressive Symptoms, and Problematic Online Game Use in Adolescents: A Developmental Cascades Model

Abundant empirical research has demonstrated the relationship between parenting style and adolescent problematic online game use (POGU), but the direction and underlying mechanism of this association remain unclear. Using a 1-year longitudinal design across three time points, the present study explored interrelations among parenting styles, depressive symptoms, and POGU from the theoretical perspective of the developmental cascade model and examined whether depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between parenting style and POGU. A sample of 1,041 children was recruited from two junior middle schools in China, of which 46.3% were boys. Results confirmed the cascade effects and showed that the reciprocal effect of parenting style, depressive symptoms, and POGU was significant, and parental control and POGU can predict each other via depressive symptoms. Knowledge regarding the direct and underlying mechanisms between parenting style, depressive symptoms, and POGU provides reference suggestions for the prevention and intervention of adolescent depressive symptoms and problematic online game use.
Titanium and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Surface Chemistry and Biological Implications

Currently, cancer is among the most challenging diseases due to its ability to continuously evolve into a more complex muldimentional system, in addition to its high capability to spread to other organs and tissues. In this context, the relevance of nanobiomaterials (NBMs) for the development of new more effective and less harmful treatments is increasing. NBMs provide the possibility of combining several functionalities on a single system, expectedly in a synergic way, to better perform the treatment and cure. However, the control of properties such as colloidal stability, circulation time, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution, assuring the concentration in specific target tissues and organs, while keeping all desired properties, tends to be dependent on subtle changes in surface chemistry. Hence, the behavior of such materials in different media/environments is of uttermost relevance and concern since it can compromise their efficiency and safety on application. Given the bright perspectives, many efforts have been focused on the development of nanomaterials fulfilling the requirements for real application. These include robust and reproducible preparation methods to avoid aggregation while preserving the interaction properties. The possible impact of nanomaterials in different forms of diagnosis and therapy has been demonstrated in the past few years, given the perspectives on how revolutionary they can be in medicine and health. Considering the high biocompatibility and suitability, this review is focused on titanium dioxide– and iron oxide–based nanoagents highlighting the current trends and main advancements in the research for cancer therapies. The effects of phenomena, such as aggregation and agglomeration, the formation of the corona layer, and how they can compromise relevant properties of nanomaterials and their potential applicability, are also addressed. In short, this review summarizes the current understanding and perspectives on such smart nanobiomaterials for diagnostics, treatment, and theranostics of diseases.
Decoding Partner Specificity of Opioid Receptor Family

This paper describes an exciting big data analysis compiled in a freely available database, which can be applied to characterize the coupling of different G-Protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) families with their intracellular partners. Opioid receptor (OR) family was used as case study in order to gain further insights into the physiological properties of these important drug targets, known to be associated with the opioid crisis, a huge socio-economic issue directly related to drug abuse. An extensive characterization of all members of the ORs family (μ (MOR), δ (DOR), κ (KOR), nociceptin (NOP)) and their corresponding binding partners (ARRs: Arr2, Arr3; G-protein: Gi1, Gi2, Gi3, Go, Gob, Gz, Gq, G11, G14, G15, G12, Gssh, Gslo) was carried out. A multi-step approach including models’ construction (multiple sequence alignment, homology modeling), complex assembling (protein complex refinement with HADDOCK and complex equilibration), and protein-protein interface characterization (including both structural and dynamics analysis) were performed. Our database can be easily applied to several GPCR sub-families, to determine the key structural and dynamical determinants involved in GPCR coupling selectivity.
A Survey on Resilience in the IoT

Internet-of-Things (IoT) ecosystems tend to grow both in scale and complexity, as they consist of a variety of heterogeneous devices that span over multiple architectural IoT layers (e.g., cloud, edge, sensors). Further, IoT systems increasingly demand the resilient operability of services, as they become part of critical infrastructures. This leads to a broad variety of research works that aim to increase the resilience of these systems. In this article, we create a systematization of knowledge about existing scientific efforts of making IoT systems resilient. In particular, we first discuss the taxonomy and classification of resilience and resilience mechanisms and subsequently survey state-of-the-art resilience mechanisms that have been proposed by research work and are applicable to IoT. As part of the survey, we also discuss questions that focus on the practical aspects of resilience, e.g., which constraints resilience mechanisms impose on developers when designing resilient systems by incorporating a specific mechanism into IoT systems.
A microstrip filter direct-coupled amplifier based on active coupling matrix synthesis

This paper presents a methodology of designing an amplifier integrated with a microstrip filter using an active coupling matrix. The microstrip filter is directly coupled to the active device, and the integrated filter amplifier can achieve filtering as well as matching functionalities, simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate matching networks. The filter amplifier is represented by an active coupling matrix, with additional columns and rows in the matrix corresponding to the active transistor. The matrix can be used to calculate the S-parameter responses (i.e., the return loss and the gain) and the initial dimensions of the integrated device. Moreover, the integration of a filter and an amplifier leads to a reduced loss and a more compact architecture of the devices. An X-band microstrip filter amplifier has been designed and demonstrated as an example. Microstrip technology has been chosen because of its appealing advantages of easy fabrication, low cost, and most importantly, easy integration with active devices.
A review on cyber security named entity recognition

With the rapid development of Internet technology and the advent of the era of big data, more and more cyber security texts are provided on the Internet. These texts include not only security concepts, incidents, tools, guidelines, and policies, but also risk management approaches, best practices, assurances, technologies, and more. Through the integration of large-scale, heterogeneous, unstructured cyber security information, the identification and classification of cyber security entities can help handle cyber security issues. Due to the complexity and diversity of texts in the cyber security domain, it is difficult to identify security entities in the cyber security domain using the traditional named entity recognition (NER) methods. This paper describes various approaches and techniques for NER in this domain, including the rule-based approach, dictionary-based approach, and machine learning based approach, and discusses the problems faced by NER research in this domain, such as conjunction and disjunction, non-standardized naming convention, abbreviation, and massive nesting. Three future directions of NER in cyber security are proposed: (1) application of unsupervised or semi-supervised technology; (2) development of a more comprehensive cyber security ontology; (3) development of a more comprehensive deep learning model.
Hypergraph-of-Entity: A General Model for Entity-Oriented Search

The hypergraph-of-entity was conceptually proposed as a general model for entity-oriented search. However, only the performance for ad hoc document retrieval had been assessed. We continue this line of research by also evaluating ad hoc entity retrieval, and entity list completion. We also attempt to scale the model, so that it can support the complete INEX 2009 Wikipedia collection. We do this by indexing the top keywords for each document, reducing complexity by partially lowering the number of nodes and, indirectly, the number of hyperedges linking terms to entities. This enables us to compare the effectiveness of the hypergraph-of-entity with the results obtained by the participants of the INEX tracks for the considered tasks. We find this to be a viable model that is, to our knowledge, the first attempt at a generalization in information retrieval, in particular by supporting a universal ranking function for multiple entity-oriented search tasks.
The impact of total sleep deprivation upon supine and head up tilt hemodynamics using non-linear analysis in firefighters

23 Purpose The impact of 31 hours of total sleep deprivation (TSD) on cardiovascular autonomic 24 modulation was evaluated in 46 volunteers all professional fire brigade units officers (all men, 25 mean age=32.11±6.4). 26 Methods Hemodynamic examination was obtained at baseline and after 31 hours of Total 27 Sleep Deprivation (TSD). Each measurement period included supine and head-up tilt (HUT) 28 test response. Continuous beat-to-beat systolic blood pressure (sBP), diastolic blood pressure 29 (dBP) and mean blood pressure (mBP), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), left ventricular 30 ejection time (LVET) and cardiac output (CO) were calculated in rest supine position and in 31 response to HUT. Nonlinear analyses were conducted using Permutation Entropy (PE), 32 Amplitude Aware Permutation Entropy (AAPE) and Fractal Dimension (FD).
Selective Chemical and Biological Metal Recovery from Cu-Rich Bioleaching Solutions

Pregnant leach solutions (PLS) resulting from bioleaching of copper concentrate from Kupferschiefer are characterized by low pH and high concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn as well as significant amounts of Ni and Co. In order to recover the valuable metals for further processing, chemical methods and a novel biological-induced technique that promotes selective metal recovery and sulfate removal from acidic liquors were applied and a process scheme was developed.
Predictors of futile recanalization after endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis

Background Despite successful recanalization after endovascular treatment, many patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion still show functional dependence, namely futile recanalization. Methods PubMed and Embase were searched up to April 30, 2021. Studies that reported risk factors for futile recanalization following endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke were included. The mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of each study were pooled for a meta-analysis. Results Twelve studies enrolling 2138 patients were included. The pooled analysis showed that age (MD 5.81, 95% CI 4.16 to 7.46), female sex (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.68), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (MD 4.22, 95% CI 3.38 to 5.07), Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) (MD −0.71, 95% CI −1.23 to –0.19), hypertension (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.09), diabetes (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.41 to 2.24), atrial fibrillation (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.51), admission systolic blood pressure (MD 4.98, 95% CI 1.87 to 8.09), serum glucose (MD 0.59, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.81), internal carotid artery occlusion (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.95), pre-treatment intravenous thrombolysis (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.83), onset-to-puncture time (MD 16.92, 95% CI 6.52 to 27.31), puncture-to-recanalization time (MD 12.37, 95% CI 7.96 to 16.79), and post-treatment symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (OR 6.09, 95% CI 3.18 to 11.68) were significantly associated with futile recanalization. Conclusion This study identified female sex, comorbidities, admission systolic blood pressure, serum glucose, occlusion site, non-bridging therapy, and post-procedural complication as predictors of futile recanalization, and also confirmed previously reported factors. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed.
Computing Joint Action Costs: Co-Actors Minimize the Aggregate Individual Costs in an Action Sequence

Abstract Successful performance in cooperative activities relies on efficient task distribution between co-actors. Previous research found that people often forgo individual efficiency in favor of co-efficiency (i.e., joint-cost minimization) when planning a joint action. The present study investigated the cost computations underlying co-efficient decisions. We report a series of experiments that tested the hypothesis that people compute the joint costs of a cooperative action sequence by summing the individual action costs of their co-actor and themselves. We independently manipulated the parameters quantifying individual and joint action costs and tested their effects on decision making by fitting and comparing Bayesian logistic regression models. Our hypothesis was confirmed: people weighed their own and their partner’s costs similarly to estimate the joint action costs as the sum of the two individual parameters. Participants minimized the aggregate cost to ensure co-efficiency. The results provide empirical support for behavioral economics and computational approaches that formalize cooperation as joint utility maximization based on a weighted sum of individual action costs.
For 19-Month-Olds, What Happens On-Screen Stays On-Screen

Abstract Humans rely extensively on external representations such as drawings, maps, and animations. While animations are widely used in infancy research, little is known about how infants interpret them. In this study, we asked whether 19-month-olds take what they see on a screen to be happening here and now, or whether they think that on-screen events are decoupled from the immediate environment. In Experiments 1–3, we found that infants did not expect a falling animated ball to end up in boxes below the screen, even though they could track the ball (i) when the ball was real or (ii) when the boxes were also part of the animation. In Experiment 4, we tested whether infants think of screens as spatially bounded physical containers that do not allow objects to pass through. When two location cues were pitted against each other, infants individuated the protagonist of an animation by its virtual location (the animation to which it belonged), not by its physical location (the screen on which the animation was presented). Thus, 19-month-olds reject animation-reality crossovers but accept the depiction of the same animated environment on multiple screens. These results are consistent with the possibility that 19-month-olds interpret animations as external representations.
Propriétés statiques et comportement irréversible de la phase incommensurable du quartz

Mesure de la variation, en fonction de la temperature, des grandeurs caracteristiques de la phase incommensurable: dilatation, module et direction du vecteur d'onde de modulation. Interpretation dans le cadre d'une theorie phenomenologique. La resolution de la methode a permis l'observation directe d'une phase mono q en l'absence de contraintes exterieures. Une correlation entre la variation du vecteur d'onde de modulation et celle de la birefringence en fonction de la temperature a ete etablie par diffraction de rayons gamma couplee avec mesure de birefringence
The FORUM End-to-End Simulator project: architecture and results

Abstract. FORUM (Far-infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring) will flight as the 9th ESA’s Earth Explorer mission, and an End-to-End Simulator (E2ES) has been developed as a support tool for the mission selection process and the subsequent development phases. The current status of the FORUM E2ES project is presented, together with the characterization of the capabilities of a full physics retrieval code applied to FORUM data. We show how the instrument characteristics and5the observed scene conditions impact on the spectrum measured by the instrument, accounting for the main sources of error related to the entire acquisition process, and the consequences on the retrieval algorithm. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous case studies are simulated in clear and cloudy conditions, validating the E2ES against two independent codes: KLIMA (clear sky) and SACR (cloudy sky). The performed tests show that the performance of the retrieval algorithm is compliant with the project requirements both in clear and cloudy conditions. The far infrared (FIR) part of the FORUM spectrum is shown to be10sensitive to surface emissivity, in dry atmospheric conditions, and to cirrus clouds, resulting in improved performance of the retrieval algorithm in these conditions. The retrieval errors increase with increasing the scene heterogeneity, both in terms of surface characteristics and in terms of fractional cloud cover of the scene.
A case-control study

Background: Beta-blocking is important for critically ill patients. Although some patients are required to continue taking betablockers after they no longer need critical care, some of these patients have impaired swallowing abilities. Bisoprolol dermal patches have recently been introduced and appear to be a good alternative to oral bisoprolol tablets. However, it is still unclear whether the pharmacodynamics of such patches are affected by edema in patients who have experienced critical care. This study aimed to clarify the effects of systemic edema on beta-blocker absorption from dermal patches in critically ill patients. Method: Patients who exhibited tachycardia and impaired swallowing function after critical care were included in this study. They were assigned to either the edema group (n=6) or no edema group (n=6) depending on the presence/absence of edema in the lower extremities. A bisoprolol dermal patch was pasted onto each subject, and the blood bisoprolol concentration was checked at 8 timepoints over the next 24hours. The area under the serum concentration time curve, maximum concentration observed (Cmax), and time of maximum concentration observed were also examined. Result:Themean blood bisoprolol concentrations of the 2 groups were not significantly different at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, or 24hours after the patch application. The area under the serum concentration time curve and maximum concentration observed were not different between the groups. The mean heart rates of the 2 groups were not significantly different at 6, 12, or 24hours after the patch application (Student t test, P= .0588, P= .1080, and P= .2322, respectively). Conclusion: In this study, the blood concentration of bisoprolol and its heart rate-reducing effects after bisoprolol dermal patch application might not be affected by systemic edema in the lower extremities. Abbreviations: AUC = the area under the serum concentration time curve, AUC0–tau = the area under serum concentration time curve from time zero to time tau over a dosing interval at steady state, BP = blood pressure, Cmax = maximum concentration observed, HR = heart rate, IV = intravenous.