Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical Analysis Of The Features And Classification Of Coffee Beans In Three Maturation Stages

This article presents a statistical analysis of the features of RGB, HSV, Wavelet and the relation of coffee axes based on the root square mean value, the standard deviation and the Wavelet approximation coefficients’ average for the images obtained from three types of coffee beans with different maturation states. By means of a statistical analysis, the relations between the features were obtained and, three main components were selected. These were subjected to a Bayesian classifier, which allowed to determine a full classification of the three types of grains, using the two main components and, two other combinations of the features, mainly color in the second Wavelet transformation filtering level.
Economic feasibility for wastewater treatment system composed of wetlands for the wastewater reuse: a case study

Water is an asset that is becoming scarce and its reuse is an alternative to preserve it. Social and environmental feasibility motivate the adoption of reuse, but the financial factor can be limited to its use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic and financial feasibility for the investment in a domestic wastewater treatment system in which the constructed wetlands could be used aiming at the reuse for irrigation. Instruments such as the minimum attractiveness rate, discounted payback, the internal rate of return and the profitability index were used. The treatment system composed of an equalization tank, a septic tank, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, subsurface flow constructed wetland, and a maturation pond comprising 52 m², demonstrating that it is able to meet the criteria required for reuse. The organic load affluent to the system was projected to 220 mg L-1 at a flow rate of 600 L day-1 of sewage, obtaining removal efficiency above 98% for all parameters, except nitrogen and phosphorus. In the analysis of economic and financial feasibility, it was found that the internal rate of return found for the cash flow considered was 98% and the profitability index according to the present value was 3.28. It was found that the total employed would be recovered in up to two years. With the use of the system, 180 m³ of water would be saved annually, reducing the pressure on the public supply system, in addition to the sewage treatment and the scenic beauty provided by wetlands. Therefore, the system is not limited only to economic gains, but also to social and environmental gains.
Review of Wireless communication systems using MIMO OFDM transmitting data Through different antenna

: This paper present the review of Wireless communication systems suffer from fading and signal attenuation due to the mobility factor associated with it. OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is a multicarrier technique that offers high spectral efficiency. MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) configuration provides enhanced capacity with the same transmit power. OFDM combined with MIMO offers increased diversity gain and system capacity in time variant and frequency variant channels. MIMO-OFDM configuration is found to perform better against multi-path fading and the varying channel conditions, than the conventional technologies. Precoding is a new technique that can be applied which helps to improve the performance of a MIMO OFDM system. In this paper, the BER performance of a MIMO-OFDM system using precoding is simulated for BPSK, QPSK, 16 PSK and 16 QAM modulation formats. The objective of this paper is to show the information about the improvement of channel estimation accuracy in MIMO-OFDM system. The MIMO-OFDM system is the combination of the MIMO technique and OFDM technique, which is enhancing the capacity, improve the link reliability high data rate transmission for future broadband wireless communication and also use for avoid Inter Symbol Interference (ISI).
Anthropomorphic and Body Composition Differences in Prediabetes and Normal Subjects

Purpose: Prediabetes refers to a condition where the level of fasting blood sugar reaches 100- 125 mg/dl. The prediabetes pervasiveness is growing throughout the world. The main objective of the present research is the exploration of the body composition and anthropomorphic differences among prediabetes and normal people for finding the plans for scanning prediabetes and the impact of exercise on it. Method: The present descriptive cross-sectional research conducted on 251 people. The signed informed consents and information of the education, age, exercise etc. gathered. Then, blood glucose tested, and 133 and 118 participants respectively had been chosen for the prediabetes and normal groups. Digital scales, wall stadiometer, tape measure and body composition monitor had been employed to measure anthropomorphic and body composition indices. Results: Total pervasiveness of prediabetes was 52.98% that accounted for 41.03% of the male and 11.95% of the female. Any significant differences didn’t found in the education level, exercise and physical activity between two groups (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the age just in the male group (p=0.043). It found that the prediabetic participants experience visceral fat, BMI, WC, and WHR higher than the normal participants (p=0.037, p=0.010, p=0.000, and p=0.002, respectively) just in the female group. Conclusions: It has been concluded that anthropomorphic and body composition have differences between normal and prediabetes participants; therefore, they may be used as the screening programs. Moreover, it has been suggested that prediabetes can be prevented by controlling anthropometric and body composition indices by exercise.
Geodesically-convex optimization for averaging partially observed covariance matrices

Symmetric positive deﬁnite (SPD) matrices permeates numerous scientiﬁc disciplines, including machine learning, optimization, and signal processing. Equipped with a Riemannian geometry, the space of SPD matrices beneﬁts from compelling properties and its derived Riemannian mean is now the gold standard in some applications, e.g. brain-computer interfaces (BCI). This paper addresses the problem of averaging covariance matrices with missing variables. This situation often occurs with inexpensive or unreliable sensors, or when artifact-suppression techniques remove corrupted sensors leading to rank deﬁcient matrices, hindering the use of the Riemannian geometry in covariance-based approaches. An alternate but questionable method consists in removing the matrices with missing variables, thus reducing the training set size. We address those limitations and propose a new formulation grounded in geodesic convexity. Our approach is evaluated on generated datasets with a controlled number of missing variables and a known baseline, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed estimator. The practical interest of this approach is assessed on real BCI datasets. Our results show that the proposed average is more robust and better suited for classiﬁcation than classical data imputation methods.
Effects of Stormwater Management and an Extended Culvert on Stream Health in Dug Run, Allen County, Ohio, USA

Changes in stream hydrology and habitat—associated with urbanization—have impacted diversity, abundance, and movement of both macroinvertebrates and fish. In 2008 the University of Northwestern Ohio began developing the western half of the campus, incorporating stormwater management practices. This provided an opportunity to examine 3 sections of the Dug Run stream that flows through campus: 1 section on the western half of campus that filters stormwater through the soil, and 2 sections on the eastern half of campus which are affected by both urbanization and a culvert that extends under a building and a road. Significant differences in macroinvertebrate Stream Quality Monitoring (SQM) index scores ( p < 0.001), fish diversity ( p < 0.010), and abundance of Orangethroat Darters ( Etheostoma spectabile ) ( p < 0.001) were observed between the western and the 2 eastern sections of Dug Run. Lower SQM index scores and lower Orangethroat Darter abundances were found in the urbanized sections of the stream, while lower fish diversity numbers were found upstream of the culvert. The western portion of campus, designed to filter stormwater runoff through the soil, was the only section studied with sensitive macroinvertebrates, a higher SQM index score, and a greater abundance of Orangethroat Darters.
The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 44 (2): 1-14

Synergistic action of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotic) has been suggested to be more effective than the two separate components in the prevention and treatment of many intestinal and immune diseases. The present study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory role of Fenugreek as synbiotic with Lactobacillus acidophilus against Escherichia coli. Twenty four adult males of Wister rats aged 3-4 months and weighted 200-250 gm were used and divided into 4 groups: 1st and 2nd groups were negative and positive control (C and C++) fed with basal diet, the 3rd group (T1) fed diet with Fenugreek seeds (5%) and the 4th group (T2) fed with the synbiotic Fenugreek seeds (5%) and L. acidophilus (5 × 10 CFU/ml) for 45 days. After that, enteritis was induced in rats of the C++, T1, and T2 groups by administrating 1 ml (2.5 × 10 CFU/ml) of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC O125:H6). The preventive role of prebiotic and synbiotic was evaluated depending on macro and microscopic duodenum pathological changes in correlation with butyric acid production for 7 days of infection. The results of the macro and microscopic scoring of enteritis revealed that the synergistic effects of the synbiotic in preventing E. coli enteritis was favored by an increase in goblet cells mucin secretion. This anti-inflammatory role was significantly increased by synbiotic and correlated with the production of butyric acid. The synbiotic improved the anti-inflammatory response of intestinal mucosa adaptive immunity via elevation of the IgA from plasma cells. In conclusion, the inclusion of nutritional supplements containing fibers that constitute a source of butyric acid production, such as Fenugreek seeds, would improve intestinal resistance to inflammation by acting as anti-inflammatory through improving intestinal lymphoid tissues and increasing the production of IgA.
1.4 Hydro-ecological responses of Arctic tundra lakes to climate change and landscape perturbation (Tundra Lakes)

The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (2005) concluded that the annual mean warming for the areas north of 60°N to be 3.7°C for the period 2070-2089. Hence, the Arctic is expected to display a warming that is more than twice the global average, show decreases in snow cover and ice extent, display further retreat/degradation of permafrost, and have increased inter-annual variability in extreme precipitation events. Such signifi cant changes/shifts in climatic regimes are expected to have far-reaching cascading impacts on the hydrology and ecology of Arctic freshwater ecosystems, which are highly sensitive to climate variability and change (CVC). Large-scale permafrost degradation (i.e., increased depth of seasonal active layer and/or landscape slumping) is predicted to increase with the effects of climate warming, along with enhanced addition of geochemical loadings (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) to the freshwater environment. In addition, changes in the timing and duration of lake-ice characteristics in conjunction with altered geochemical loadings are projected to dramatically affect affecting freshwater ecosystem productivity levels, energy mobilization pathways and community structure. The goals of this research are to: 1) conduct three integrated landscape-lake process and modeling studies that will improve our regional understanding of the sensitivities/responses of upland tundra lakes to CVC; 2) to develop and validate an integrated landscape-geochemical, lake-ice, hydro-ecological model applicable to cold regions/Arctic systems; and, 3) to develop and test new and innovative automated water quality/hydrometric monitoring systems for application in the Arctic. The project is producing legacy data and products of direct benefi t to the development of adaptation options for the conservation, protection and management of arctic freshwater ecosystems to present and future climate variability and change.
Agent Systems Engineering Methodology: The Development Process

In this paper, we describe the process followed by the Agent Systems Engineering Methodology (ASEME), a new agent-oriented software engineering methodology (AOSE). This process integrates successful method fragments from existing methodologies, i.e. Gaia and Tropos. ASEME applies a model driven engineering approach to multi-agent systems development, thus the models of a previous development phase are transformed to models of the next phase. It includes the CIM, PIM and PSM models proposed by the model driven architecture specification of OMG and it introduces the system roles model (SRM) as the output of the analysis phase. We describe the development process using SPEM, the language that is proposed by FIPA for such processes specification. The ASEME Platform Independent Model (PIM) that is the output of the design phase is a statechart that can be instantiated in a number of platforms using existing CASE tools. In this paper, we also provide the model transformation process for the popular JADE platform. ASEME supports a modular agent design approach and introduces the concepts of intra-and inter-agent control. The first defines the agent’s lifecycle by coordinating the different modules that implement his capabilities, while the latter defines the protocols that govern the coordination of the society of the agents. The modeling of the intra and inter-agent control is based on statecharts. The analysis phase builds on the concepts of capability and functionality. AMOLA deals with both the individual and societal aspect of the agents showing how protocols and capabilities can be integrated in agents designs.
Effect of GenF20 Plus Supplementation on hGH levels of Aging Adults - A Double-Blind,Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the human Growth Hormone (hGH) stimulatory potential of GenF20 Plus in aging adults. This was a double blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study and a total of 30 otherwise healthy participants were stratified to either receive GenF20 Plus or placebo in a cross-over manner. On day 3 and 11 of assessment, blood samples were collected before and after study product administration, and hGH levels were assessed using electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. Treatment exposure across time was determined using area under concentration-time curve, whereas fatigue severity was evaluated by a visual analogue scale. Results indicated that GenF20 Plus levels peaked at 30 minutes and further at 90 minutes, and hGH levels in GenF20 Plus arm were significantly higher than placebo; p<0.05. Furthermore, a higher mean area under curve was observed for GenF20 Plus arm (18.78) as compared to the placebo (10.38) group at the end of study period; p=0.056. The VAS score though reduced in GenF20 group of participants was not significant; p=0.06.
Paul Ekman, Ph.D

The argument about whether facial expressions of emotion are universal or culture-specific goes back more than 100 years. For most of that time the evidence was sparse, but in the last 30 years there have been many research studies. That has not served to convince everyone, but it has sharpened the argument. I will review the different kinds of evidence that support universals in expression and cultural differences. I will present eight challenges to that evidence, and how those challenges have been met by proponents of universality. I conducted some of this research and have been active in answering the challenges, so I am not a disinterested commentator, but probably no-one is. I will try to present the evidence and counter-arguments as fairly as I can, so that readers can make up their own minds.
Estimating the Effect of Prices in Some International Markets on the Demand for Sudanese (Acacia Senegal L.) Gum

This study was designed mainly to carry out a detailed analysis of the demand of individual markets for Hashab (Acacia senegal L.) gum in order to find out the effect of Hashab gum prices on its demand in international markets. Specifically, the study attempted to develop and estimate demand models for the major importing countries as individual markets, and estimate price elasticity for Hashab gum in international markets. A demand model consisting of a group of single equations was estimated, using OLS technique, and tested using various economic, statistic and econometric criteria. The results showed that the United Kingdom, France, and the United States markets were relatively price inelastic (price elasticities of demand were 0.752, 0.3659 and 0.831, respectively). In the United Kingdom market, in particular, it was found that Talh (Acacia seyal Del.) gum has been a substitute for Hashab gum, while Nigerian Hashab gum was a complementary good for Sudanese Hashab gum. It was found that in the German market Hashab gum demand is price elastic (1.707) and that Talh gum is used as a substitute for Hashab gum. The study concludes that gum markets behaved differently, and that although price was a factor affecting demand, its effect was not substantial in many markets and that other factors which are probably playing greater roles will need to be investigated.
Effect of Mass Flow Rate on the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient: Analysis for Constant Velocity and Constant Area Case

Abstract The effect of the mass flow rate at constant velocity on the convective heat transfer coefficient of an incompressible fluid in a turbulent flow regime is presented with the help of dimensional analysis. The heat transfer coefficient decreases by ˜10% with a threefold increase in the mass flow rate under these conditions, based on the commonly used Dittus-Boelter correlation for estimation of the heat transfer coefficient. On the other hand, an increase in the heat transfer coefficient is observed if the area is maintained constant. Doubling the mass flow rate will result in a 92% increase in the heat transfer coefficient. However, there is a concomitant increase in the pressure drop, proportional to the mass flow rate raised to 0.95. The pressure drop is predicted to decrease for the constant velocity case with an inverse dependence on the mass flow rate. The pressure drop considerations may be critical in certain situations (elevation of boiling point in case of a boiling heat transfer medium), and any benefit derived from the higher heat transfer coefficient may be lost because of the higher pressure drop across the heat exchanger in the constant area case.
Short-term responses to high-dose inhaled corticosteroid treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a fractional nitric oxide concentration over 35 parts per billion: A single-centre pre–post study

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease caused by air low limitation associate with a chronic in lammation [1]. According to the Global Initiative for Asthma statement, among patients with COPD, a sub-group of patients exhibit symptoms of a chronic airways disease that has features of both asthma and COPD, de ined as asthma and COPD overlap (ACO) [2]. A previous meta-analysis reported a 27% – 28% ACO prevalence rate in Abstract
Original Research Reports Educational Attainment, Political Sophistication andAnti-Immigrant Attitudes

Among a national sample of Dutch respondents (N = 1,155), this study examined whether the belief configuration of personal political orientation differs for individual level of education, and how it is related to negative attitudes toward immigrant-origin groups and refugee policies. In agreement with the ideological sophistication perspective, the endorsement of social conformity and the acceptance of group-based inequality were found to be more strongly part of the political orientation of higher compared to the lower educated participants. Furthermore, the endorsement of social conformity and acceptance of group-based inequality were associated with more negative feelings toward immigrants and more negative attitudes toward policies in relation to refugees. These findings add to the existing literature that has predominantly examined education and political orientation as two independent correlates of anti-immigrant and refugee attitudes.
Have It Your Way: Generating Customized Log Data Sets with a Model-driven Simulation Testbed

Evaluations of intrusion detection systems (IDS) require log data sets collected in realistic system environments. Ex-isting testbeds therefore offer user simulations and attack scenarios that target specific use-cases. However, not only does the preparation of such testbeds require domain knowledge and time-consuming work, but also maintenance and modifications for other use-cases involve high manual efforts and repeated execution of tasks. We therefore propose to generate testbeds for IDS evaluation using strategies from model-driven engineering. In particular, our approach models system infrastructure, simulated normal behavior, and attack scenarios as testbed-independent modules. A transformation engine then automatically generates arbitrary numbers of testbeds, each with a particular set of characteristics and capable of running in parallel. Our approach greatly improves configurability and flexibility of testbeds and allows to reuse components across multiple scenarios. We use our proof-of-concept implementation to generate a labeled data set for IDS evaluation that is published with this paper.
The chemistry of acetohydroxamic acid related to nuclear fuel reprocessing

approved: ________________________________________________ Alena Paulenova Used Nuclear Fuel (UNF) contains transuranic (TRU) elements and numerous fission products as a result of the uranium fission process and neutron activation that occur in commercial light water power reactors. Recent environmental and nuclear proliferation concerns have spawned the development of advanced reprocessing techniques to close the nuclear fuel cycle. By separating specific elemental groups, sustainable fuel sources can be created while minimizing the need for long-term geologic storage of high-level radioactive waste and reducing nuclear proliferation risk by avoiding the isolation of Pu. To facilitate in the separation of specific elements, acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is proposed to effectively partition Np and Pu from U. AHA forms hydrophilic acetohydroxamate complexes with Pu and Np and reduces NpO2 to its inextractable NpO2 oxidation state. This study contributes fundamental knowledge of AHA chemistry in relation to reprocessing techniques including its reactivity towards several elements present in UNF. The thermodynamic, kinetic, and extraction features of the chemistry of AHA with various metals were investigated. The complexation of Zr, UO2, and Fe with AHA was analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. It was determined that the conditional stability constants of Zr·AHA complexes are four orders of magnitude greater than for uranyl·AHA complexes, indicating that AHA is a promising complexant to separate tetravalent metals from hexavalent uranium. The reduction kinetics of NpO2 to NpO2 by AHA was monitored using near infrared spectroscopy with stopped-flow and standard 1cm cuvette apparatus. Results showed that AHA can be used to rapidly reduce NpO2 to NpO2. Lastly, the effect of AHA on the distribution of selected metals and between nitric acid and 1.1 mol·L tri-n-butyl phosphate in n-dodecane was studied. AHA was found to significantly decrease the extraction of tetravalent metals without affecting the extraction of uranium, which remained in the organic phase.