Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of tool-sided surface modifications for dry deep drawing of deep drawing steel and aluminum alloys in a model process

The concept of sustainability motivates the development of energy-saving and low-polluting production processes. A sheet metal forming process without usage of lubricants is considered as one of these green production technologies. Forming processes without the need for traditional lubricants save process steps and additional costs to remove the remaining lubrication from the workpiece after forming. In order to realize such a dry forming process and to adjust the material flow effectively, tool surfaces were modified by amorphous carbon coatings and different surface finishing processes for roughness adjustment. To verify the general feasibility of the lubricant-free metal forming process, deep drawing of rectangular cups with and without lubrication with conventional forming tools was investigated. The dry deep drawing process was modelled numerically to analyze process parameters and identify critical contact conditions. By strip drawing tests, the tribological behavior of ta-C and a-C:H coated tools with different surface treatments was investigated. The deposition process and resulting properties of a-C:H coatings were further analyzed to improve their tribological performance. The effects of the process parameters – deposition temperature and bias voltage in the deposition chamber – were investigated using the one-factor-at-a-time method. The strip drawing tests revealed a high influence of the surface roughness of coated tools on the tribological behavior. Therefore, laser based smoothing was further investigated in this study. Laser radiation at 355 nm wavelength was applied as an effective and minimum heatgenerating technique to remove the roughness asperities on ta-C coatings which are built during its growth. Finally, ta-C and a-C:H coatings were applied on tool surfaces and tested in a drawing process of strip profiles. As reference the same forming process with a conventional forming tool was carried out.
Relationship Of FEF 25-75 , Pefr And SVC With Estrogen And Progesterone Level In Postmenopausal Women

Background: Deterioration of lung function is common in women after menopause , which may be related to very low estrogen and progesterone level. Objective: To observe FEF 25-75 , PEFR and SVC (slow vital capacity) values in apparently healthy postmenopausal women to find out their relationships with serum estrogen and progesterone. Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Physiology in BSMMU, Dhaka in the year 2007 . 30 healthy postmenopausal women aged 45 to 60 years and 30 healthy premenopausal women aged 20 to 30 years during their different phases of menstrual cycle were studied. Postmenopausal women were residents of Dhaka city and premenopausal subjects were medical students. FEF 25-75 , PEFR and SVC of all subjects were measured by a digital micro spirometer. Their estrogen and progesterone levels were estimated by Micro particle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) method. Data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient test, one way ANOVA and unpaired‘t’ test Results: The mean percentage of predicted values of FEF25-75 and PEFR were lower in postmenopausal women compared to those of follicular and luteal phases of premenopausal women but it was not significant. Measured values of SVC was Significantly (p<.001) lower in postmenopausal women compared to those of follicular and luteal phases of premenopausal women. Again Mean serum estrogen and progesterone levels were significantly (p<.001) lower in post menopausal women compared to those of follicular and luteal phases of premenopausal women. In post menopausal women, FEF 25-75 was positively, PEFR and SVC were negatively correlated with progesterone level. PEFR and SVC showed positive correlattion and FEF25-75 showed negative correlation with serum estrogen level. All these correlations were statistically non significant. In premenopausal women FEF 25-75 and PEFR showed positive correlation and SVC showed negative correlation with serum progesterone level. The relationships were statistically significant in luteal phase but nonsignificant in follicular phase. FEF 25-75 ,PEFR and SVC were positively correlated with serum estrogen level in luteal phase but FEF 25-75 and PEFR negatively correlated and SVC positively correlated with estrogen level in follicular phase. Conclusion: The outcome of this study shows FEF 25-75 , PEFR and SVC may be reduced in postmenopausal women which in turn may be associated with their low progesterone and estrogen levels. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i2. 9761 JBSP 2011 6(2): 116-121
Multiangle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR) global aerosol optical depth validation based on 2 years of coincident Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations : Global aerosol system

[1] Performance of the Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) early postlaunch aerosol optical thickness (AOT) retrieval algorithm is assessed quantitatively over land and ocean by comparison with a 2-year measurement record of globally distributed AERONET Sun photometers. There are sufficient coincident observations to stratify the data set by season and expected aerosol type. In addition to reporting uncertainty envelopes, we identify trends and outliers, and investigate their likely causes, with the aim of refining algorithm performance. Overall, about 2/3 of the MISR-retrieved AOT values fall within [0.05 or 20% x AOT] of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). More than a third are within [0.03 or 10% x AOT]. Correlation coefficients are highest for maritime stations (∼0.9), and lowest for dusty sites (more than ∼0.7). Retrieved spectral slopes closely match Sun photometer values for Biomass burning and continental aerosol types. Detailed comparisons suggest that adding to the algorithm climatology more absorbing spherical particles, more realistic dust analogs, and a richer selection of multimodal aerosol mixtures would reduce the remaining discrepancies for MISR retrievals over land; in addition, refining instrument low-light-level calibration could reduce or eliminate a small but systematic offset in maritime AOT values. On the basis of cases for which current particle models are representative, a second-generation MISR aerosol retrieval algorithm incorporating these improvements could provide AOT accuracy unprecedented for a spaceborne technique.
Role of natural herbs - Matricaria recutita and Artemisia absinthium on infarct volume, hemispheric swelling and functional impairments following focal cerebral ischemia in rats

Stroke ranks as the third largest cause of death worldwide after ischemic heart disease and cancer. Despite recent advances in antithrombotic treatment, post-stroke disability has significant economic and social burden. Thus, the problem of finding a safe and effective acute neuroprotective treatment for stroke remains urgent. The present study evaluates neuroprotective and antioxidant action of two natural herbs Matricaria recutita and Artemisia absinthium following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats. Thirty-six male rats were randomly selected into 6 groups (n=6 per group) as followsGroup 1: Sham-operated rat without MCAo, Group 2: Ischemic control following MCAo, Group 3: M. recutita (200 mg/kg) + MCAo, Group 4: M. recutita (400 mg/kg) + MCAo, Group 5: A. Absinthium (200 mg/kg) + MCAo, Group 6: A. Absinthium (400 mg/kg) + MCAo. The effect of extract on the volume of infarct, hemisphere swelling, neurobehavioral score, grip strength and oxidative stress [levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH)] were estimated following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Matricaria recutita pretreatment at dose of 400 mg/kg showed significant neuroprotective effect on infarct area, infarct volume, hemispheric swelling, neurobehavioral score and grip strength test following cerebral ischemia in rats. Artemisia absinthium could not produce any significant neuroprotection except for significant reduction in hemisphere swelling at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Matricaria recutita also showed significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiol and protein levels in group 3 and 4 (Matricaria recutita treated MCAo animals) as compared with sham operated and MCAo group (P<0.001). There was no remarkable change in the oxidative stress parameters in group 5 and group 6 (MCAo rats pretreated with Artemisia absinthium). The present study for the first time shows potent neuroprotective activity of the methanol extract of Matricaria recutita in rats following cerebral ischemia through middle cerebral artery occlusion.
Deep Web Crawler: A Review

In today's scenario, there is an ample amount of data on the internet that can be accessed by everyone. This is the data that can be indexed by search engines. There are softwares named Web Crawlers that explore the WWW in an efficient manner. But there is also a large amount of data that is still out of reach from the access of the conventional search engines. This is known as Deep Web or Invisible Web. Web pages that are hidden created dynamically as a result of queries send to particular web databases. For traditional web crawlers, it is almost impossible to access the content of deep web due to its structure. To retrieve the contents of deep web is a challenge in itself. This paper discusses the methods and tools of crawling the web that is hidden beneath the surface.
Theory and modelling of constant-Q P- and S-waves using fractional spatial derivatives

I have developed and solved the constant-Q model for the attenuation of P- and S-waves in the time domain using a new modeling algorithm based on fractional derivatives. The model requires time derivatives of order m 2 applied to the strain components, where m 0,1,. and 1/tan 1 1/Q, with Q the P-wave or S-wave quality factor. The derivatives are computed with the Grunwald-Letnikov and central-difference fractional approximations, which are extensions of the standard finite-difference operators for derivatives of integer order. The modeling uses the Fourier method to compute the spatial derivatives, and therefore can handle complex geometries and general materialproperty variability. I verified the results by comparison with the 2D analytical solution obtained for wave propagation in homogeneous Pierre Shale. Moreover, the modeling algorithm was used to compute synthetic seismograms in heterogeneous media corresponding to a crosswell seismic experi ment.
Feedback Regularization for SENSE Reconstruction

LBSTRACT the reconstruction error Erom actually using accurate higli-resolution in vivo sensitimties as r In SENSitivitv Encodme. (SENSE), the recoiistructed images are , tisceptible to amplified noise and/or artifacts if the underlyiiig matrix iversioii procedure is ill-conditioned. In this work, we propose to firstly pply the conventional SENSE algorithm to obtain an initial estimate. 'his initial estimate undergoes filtering to improve the signal-to-noise itio. Then, it is fed back to the reconstruction as a reference image to stimate the amount of aliasing that may arise from regularization. We erive the optimal regularized solution that minimizes the weighted sum f artifact and noise power.
Essays on labor, product, and credit market imperfections

Market frictions or market imperfections are diverse, broadly present in most markets, and affect most transactions in the economy. These market failures may prevent buyers and sellers from trading, even if they agree on a price. This means that the central assumption of perfectly competitive markets that markets clear fails to hold, and some buyers and sellers remain unmatched. Since the 1970s, a growing literature has emerged addressing the importance of market frictions in most markets of the economy, namely in the labor, product, and credit markets. Information asymmetries, transaction costs, heterogeneous preferences, and coordination failure are examples of sources of market imperfections. In labor markets, these frictions imply that firms possess some market power over their employees and that a one cent wage cut does not lead all workers to leave the firm. In product markets, a key ingredient for the sluggish price adjustment is coordination failure among firms. Firms respond incompletely to an aggregate shock because other firms have not yet responded. In turn, asymmetric information and costly contract enforcement provide the foundations of credit market frictions, and are used to explain credit rationing as a market equilibrium. In Chapter 1 we use matched employer-employee data and firm balance sheet data to investigate the importance of firm productivity and firm labor market power in explaining firm heterogeneity in wage formation. We use a linear regression model with one interacted high dimensional fixed effect to estimate 5-digit sector-specific elasticity of output with respect to input factors directly from the production function. This allows us to derive firm specific price-cost mark-up and elasticity of labor supply. The results show that firms possess a considerable degree of product and labor market power. Furthermore, we find evidence that a firm’s monopsony power negatively affects the earnings of its workers, and firm’s total factor productivity is closely associated with higher earnings, ceteris paribus. We also find that firms use monopsony power for wage differentiation between male and female workers. Chapter 2 describes price setting behavior using a very rich dataset of producer prices collected for Portuguese firms. The Industrial Producer Prices
The Puzzle of Adolescent Substance Initiation

This paper reports the first-year results of a two-year study exploring whether a Multi-Attribute Utility (MAU) model that includes a new momentary salience parameter can predict smoking and alcohol use among an ethnically diverse Southern California sample of 2,789 7th graders. The model allows detailed investigation of the role that perceptions regarding ten anticipated consequences of substance use (e.g., being more popular, feeling more relaxed, contracting a devastating illness in the future) play in the decision to initiate substance use. The student was asked about either alcohol or tobacco, but not both. Students self-reported their views regarding the consequences, along with a history of their usage, on a paper-and-pencil questionnaire administered in either a traditional classroom setting or a simulated party setting. While most students had not initiated usage at this time, those who had already begun smoking had significantly higher MAUs than nonsmokers, but there was no difference for alcohol usage. The manipulation of setting had no effect.
Tripping Instability of Ring Stiffened Cylinders induced by Underwater Explosions

The dynamic stability of a ring-stiffened cylindrical hull structure subjected to underwater explosion is investigated using a finite element approach. The arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method in LS-DYNA is employed for the analysis. One of the detrimental collapse instabilities in tripping is identified in the ring stiffened cylindrical structure. Tripping can be defined as lateral-torsional buckling behaviour of the ring stiffener. The stiffener tripping-form of collapse is a sudden and drastic reduction in load-carrying ability resulting in total failure. Progressive tripping phenomenon is observed to identify the triggering instability that causes total collapse. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to investigate the region that is unstable with respect to stiffener tripping. The stability region is proposed in terms of ring-stiffener sizing with respect to hull structure configuration.
Framework For ETL With Hadoop Map Reduce

Big Data is dealt by every organization which serves large number of users. Efficiently fetching, transferring, storing, cleaning, sanitizing, querying and extracting information from Big Data is a daunting task because a single machine and the traditional algorithms can't handle this staggering amount of data tractably. Now not all data comes in the form that can be directly processed by automated programs. Before feeding the data into huge data processing systems(1). It is necessary to treat raw data to convert it into a consistent format. This is done using data cleaning, sanitization and transformation operations. In this paper we present a neat framework for data cleaning and transformation operation which can be integrated in existing Map Reduce (Hadoop) infrastructures. This framework can be standardized and be adopted by corporations for their Big Data processing tasks.
Design and Realization of practical FIR filter based on CSD and DA algorithms

FIR digital filters find immense applications in mobile communications systems such as channel equalization, channelization, matched filtering and pulse shaping, due to their absolute stability and linear phase properties. In this paper it is proposed to design a practical FIR filter using MATLAB tool to obtain the response. After that the filter will be designed and analyzed based on canonical signed digits and compared with the distributed arithmetic algorithm in order to minimize the power consumption and fast implementation of the filter. The design filter will be simulated and synthesized using Xilinx ISE 13.1 software.
A Proficient And Tenable Three-Hop Routing Protocol In Hybrid Wireless Network

Hybrid wireless networks collecting the recompense of both mobile ad-hoc networks and wireless networks have been getting distended consciousness due to their ultra-high concert. An efficient information direction-finding practice is central in such networks for high network capability and scalability. However, most steering protocols for these networks apparently combine the ad-hoc multiply mode with the cellular spread mode, which inherits the drawbacks of ad-hoc communication. Distributed Three hop Routing protocol (DTR) along with Register Mechanism Routing Protocol (RRP) is proposed to improve the capacity of hybrid wireless networks. To take full enhancement of the wide-ranging base stations, DTR divides a statement data flow into segments and transmits the segments in a detached manner. It makes full spatial use again of a scheme via its high rhythm ad-hoc boundary and improves mobile opening overcrowding via its cellular edge. In addition, distribution segments to a number of base posting concurrently increases throughput and makes full use of widespread base stations. In addition, DTR considerably reduces overhead due to short path lengths and the abolition of route uncovering and preservation. DTR also has overcrowding control algorithm to avoid overcrowding base stations. Hypothetical analysis and imitation results show the advantage of DTR in decision with other direction-finding protocols in conditions of throughput capability, scalability and mobility flexibility. It uses RRP algorithm for additional routing in the network. Each antenna node in the arrangement will swap over information concerning its own environmental address and the status of power supply with one a different, save all applicable information, and set up a Neighbor Information Table (NIT), which will after that be utilized for future operations.
Product Market Conditions and Job Design

By linking product market factors to job design, this paper provides an explanation to the puzzling question of why firms under rather similar labor market conditions sometimes adopt homogeneous, but other times heterogeneous, job designs. Compared to broadly defined jobs (BDJs), narrowly defined jobs (NDJs) helps to save training cost. But, under NDJ, coordination is more difficult and the odds of a quality problem greater, which in the linear-city model adopted in this paper means a location shock to the firm. When consumer sensitivity to product specification (travel cost) is sufficiently high (low), a firm will (not) adopt BDJ to avoid a location shock and the resulting intensified price competition. In the intermediate range of travel cost, a duopolist prefers to let the other firm bear the extra training cost of BDJ, but would incur the cost itself if the other does not. In this range, if entry is simultaneous, multiple equilibria arise and they do not tell which firm will adopt BDJ or NDJ. If entry is sequential, the number of equilibria is reduced from three to one, in which the early comer will adopt NDJ and the late comer BDJ. A monopolist's job design choice is always deterministic. A job design may have a positive or negative social welfare implication depending on market structure and travel cost.
An Overview of Real Interest Rate Interdependence Among the G7 Nations

We examine the interdependence of G7 90 day treasury bills on monthly data over the period 1970(1) to 2003(12). We find evidence for the presence of RIP among G7 treasury bill rates and on this evidence accept the hypothesis of a high degree of interdependence among G7 capital markets. We apply the time plot of a recursively estimated trace statistic to test for an increasing degree of integration and find little if any evidence of cointegration in the mid 1970s but interdependence increased markedly after the 1980 recession and again following the 1990 recession. From this time RIP appears to hold. A β parameter inconstancy is evident prior to mid 1979, however, the cointegration β parameters are constant over the period 1979(6) to 2003(12). The implications are explained and further research is indicated. Disciplines Business | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication Details This conference paper originally published as Felmingham, B, and Cooray, A, An overview of real interest rate interdependence among the G7 nations, The Australian Conference of Economists, Western Australia: The Economic Society of Australia, Western Australia branch, 26-28 September, 2005, 1-23. Original paper available here. This conference paper is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow. edu.au/commpapers/407 34 Australian Economists Conference University of Melbourne Sept 26 – 28, 2005 An Overview of Real Interest Rate Interdependence Among the G7 Nations Authors: Bruce Felmingham Arusha Cooray School of Economics Private Bag 85 University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania 7001 Email: Bruce.Felmingham@utas.edu.au School of Economics Private Bag 85 University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania 7001 Email: Arusha.Cooray@utas.edu.au JEL Classification: G 15: International Financial Markets
Identification of a New Potyvirus Associated with Chlorotic Vein Banding Disease of Spathiphyllum spp., in Andhra Pradesh, India

The genome of a potyvirus isolate associated with chlorotic spots and vein banding symptoms on Spathiphyllum spp. , in Andhra Pradesh state, India was amplified by RT-PCR using degenerate potyvirus primers, amplicons cloned, and sequence (1.6 kb) analyzed. This virus isolate shared maximum identity of 74.8% and 80.2% at coat protein (CP) gene nucleotide (906 nucleotides) and amino acid (302 amino acids) levels, respectively with Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV)-M13 isolate reported from China. But its 3`-UTR (258 nucleotides) had maximum identity of 62.5% with DsMV-Vietnam isolate. The deduced molecular weight of CP is 33.57 kDa and it contained DAG triplet in its N-terminal region. In CP amino acid based phylogenetic analysis, this virus isolate represented a separate branch but closer to DsMV isolates cluster. Based on the molecular criteria set for the discrimination of species and genus in the Potyviridae family, the present virus isolate was identified as a distinct virus species in the genus Potyvirus and proposed the name Spathiphyllum chlorotic vein banding virus (SCVbV).