Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Test flavor SU(3) symmetry in exclusive Lambda(c) decays

Flavor SU(3) symmetry is a powerful tool to analyze charmed baryon decays; however, its applicability remains to be experimentally validated. Since there is not much data on ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Xi}}}_{c}$ decays, various exclusive ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{c}$ decays especially the ones into a neutron state are essential for the test of flavor symmetry. These decay modes are also helpful to investigate final state interactions in charmed baryon decays. In this work, we discuss the explicit roles of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{c}$ decays into a neutron in testing the flavor symmetry and exploring final state interactions. The involved decay modes include semileptonic decays, two-body and three-body non-leptonic decays, but all of them have not been experimentally observed to date.
Can Yoga, Qigong, and Tai Chi Breathing Work Support the Psycho-Immune Homeostasis during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Narrative Review

Breathing is crucial in life; nevertheless, the healthcare community often overlooks the health potential of breathing techniques. Conscious manipulation of breathing to achieve specific health goals is found in yoga, Qigong and Tai Chi. This paper reviews the value of breathing exercises as a foremost mechanism for promoting, recuperating and maintaining health. Practices involving breathing techniques are described, and their prophylactic or therapeutic characteristics are explored. The main goals of this review are: (i) to summarize the evidence supporting the hypothesis that breathing practices have a significant beneficial impact on human health; (ii) to provide a deeper understanding of traditional biofeedback practices, particularly yoga, Qigong and Tai Chi, and outline their focus on breathing techniques; (iii) to outline specific immune-related responses, relevant for COVID-19 disorders; and (iv) to call for committed attention and action from the scientific community and health agencies in promoting the implementation of a practical and costless health program based on breathing techniques. This review shows the health potentials of breathing practices and exercises, which, by having a high benefit–cost ratio, could be selected and implemented as a primary standard routine in public health programs.
Nutritional Characteristics and Digestibility of Woody and Herbaceous Native Plants from Tropical Flooded Savannas Ecosystems

Native plants constitute an enormous source of nutrients for grazing animals, although their use has been limited due to the lack of knowledge about its properties. The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional characteristics of native plants from flooded savannas ecosystem. Seven transects (290 km) were carried out through the montane forests, gallery forests and open savannah ecosystems. A total of 42 plant species were collected (22 arboreal, 13 shrubs, 5 climbing and 2 herb plants) and their nutritional composition and digestibility were evaluated. Data analysis included univariate and multivariate methods. Nutritional composition and digestibility varied among the groups of arboreal, shrub, climbing and herb species. At an individual level plants such as G. americana, C. cf minor-grandiflora and M. nobilis, A.Jahnii, P. hispidium, I. carnea, S. reticulate, H. furcellatus, and C. erosa stood out by their protein, ash, and digestibility. At a group level, a mixed of 19 plants presented the highest digestibility, and the lowest fiber fraction constituted a promising forage alternative. Data variability was explained in the 47% by protein, ash, digestibility, and the different fiber fractions variables. Further studies related with the animal acceptability, performance and the presence of secondary metabolites are needed before being fully recommended.
Determinants for a low dose of alteplase and its relationship to a lower intracerebral bleeding risk in acute ischemic stroke

Background: Factors for the utilization of intravenous thrombolysis with a low-dose of alteplase (0.6mg/kg) and whether the low-dose of alteplase could reduce the risk of intracerebral bleeding in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains uncertain. Aims: We aimed to investigate determinants for the utilization of intravenous thrombolysis with a low-dose of alteplase. We further assessed the association between the low-dose of alteplase and the intracerebral bleeding risk in AIS patients. Method: We included AIS patients who received intravenous thrombolysis using alteplase in this multicenter retrospective observational study. We investigated the association between baseline characteristics and the utilization of a low-dose of alteplase to identify determinants. We assessed the association of the low-dose of alteplase with the risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) using a multivariable logistic regression model. We further compared the rate of sICH and any ICH in patients in the low-dose group to those in the standard-dose group, using propensity score-matching data. Results: A total of 506 AIS patients were included in this study. The mean age was 67 (interquartile range [IQR] 59-75), and 178 (35.2%) were women. A total of 96 patients were treated with the low-dose. Age (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00 -1.04, p = 0.042), having a previous ischemic stroke (adjusted OR 2.01, 95%CI 1.11 - 3.64 p = 0.021) and increasing baseline systolic blood pressure (adjusted OR 1.12, 95%CI 1.00 - 1.26, p = 0.049) were determinants for the utilization of the low-dose. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the low-dose was significantly associated with a reduced risk of sICH (adjusted OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.03 - 0.62, p = 0.01). Propensity score analysis showed that the rate of sICH was significantly lower in the low-dose group compared to standard-dose group (2 [2.3%] vs 10 [11.4%], p = 0.032). There was no significant difference in the rate of any ICH between two groups (14 [15.9%] vs 18 [20.5%], p = 0.434). Conclusions: Patients with increasing age, a higher baseline systolic blood pressure, and previous ischemic stroke were at a higher odd of receiving a low-dose of alteplase. The low-dose was associated with a lower risk of developing symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.
POTENT BIOACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS THERMOTHELOMYCES THERMOPHILES XJF-9 ISOLATED FROM VERNONIA ANTHELMINTICA

Nigora Aktamovna Rustamova, Samarqand davlat universiteti Biologiya kafedrasi dotsenti, biologiya fanlari bo'yicha falsafa doktori (PhD) Kahramon Davranovich Davranov, O‘zFA, Mikrobiologiya instituti Enzimologiya kafedrasi, biologiya fanlari doktori Haji Akber Aisa, Xitoy Fanlar akademiyasi Shinjon fizika va kimyo texnika instituti Professor (PhD), Qurgʻoqchil hududlarda oʻsimlik resurslari va kimyosi asosiy laboratoriyasi Abulimiti Yili, Xitoy Fanlar akademiyasi Shinjon fizika va kimyo texnika instituti Farmakologiya fanlari doktori, Qurgʻoqchil hududlarda oʻsimlik resurslari va kimyosi asosiy laboratoriyasi
Graphene/PtSe/Pyramid Si van Der Waals Schottky Junction for Room-Temperature Broadband Infrared Light Detection

Uncooled infrared (IR) photodetection has attracted increasing research interest due to its important applications in civil and military fields. Recently, platinum diselenide (PtSe2), a newly discovered group-10 two-dimensional (2D) noble metal dichalcogenide (NMD) member, has emerged as an attractive candidate for highly sensitive IR photodetection due to its layer-dependent bandgap transition from semiconductor to semimetal, wide optical absorption, and high carrier mobility. Here, we demonstrate the successful assembly of PtSe2/pyramid Si mixed-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) Schottky junction with a graphene transparent electrode. Due to the novel vertical device structure with a graphene top contact, the photodetector achieves an appealing device performance, including an ultrabroadband response up to $10.6~\mu \text{m}$ , a high responsivity of 0.528 A/W, a large specific detectivity of ~1012 Jones, and a fast response time of $8.2~\mu \text{s}$ at zero bias voltage. More importantly, these findings have enabled the realization of an excellent room-temperature long-wave IR (LWIR) imaging capability and its utilization as an optical receiver in optical IR communication. Our work demonstrates a reliable approach to the construction of a high-performance Schottky junction device for room-temperature broadband IR photodetection.
A Reliable and Energy-Efficient Nonvolatile Ternary Memory Based on Hybrid FinFET/RRAM Technology

With the successful development of information technology, particularly in big data and neural network scopes, the appetency for denser memory compositions has exponentially outreached. Accordingly, multi-valued logic has extensively been explored as a promising solution for data storage density enhancement and interconnect complexness declining, integrating with emerging nonvolatile nanodevices. This paper presents a reliable nonvolatile 3-transistor 1-RRAM (3T1R) ternary memory cell and its compact array architecture fulfilled on hybrid RRAM/FinFET logic, in which the cell layout can be densely plugged into the memory array architecture. Comprehensive post-layout simulations based on 7nm FinFET technology have been conducted to assess the proposed design’s functionality, performance, and reliability. Our proposed ternary 3T1R cell has exceptional immunization confronting radiations availing the RRAM radiation immunity and innovative circuit structure. Meanwhile, the RRAM’s engrossing nonvolatile nature induces no static power dissipation in the hold state, certified for low-power applications. Moreover, Monte-Carlo simulation results demonstrate the roughly 20% functional failure of the 1T1R cell’s ternary implementation facing process-voltage-temperature (PVT) variations. However, the proposed design operates robustly in the presence of PVT variations with no functional failure while offering lower delay and energy consumption. Meanwhile, it is also well-designed for addressing the Fin quantization impact of FinFET.
METALLICITY AND QUASAR OUTFLOWS

Correlations of the outflow strength of quasars, as measured by the blueshift and asymmetry index (BAI) of the C iv line, with intensities and ratios of broad emission lines, based on composite quasar spectra built from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, are investigated. We find that most of the line ratios of other ions to C iv increase prominently with BAI. These behaviors can be well understood in the context of increasing metallicity with BAI. The strength of the dominant coolant, C iv line, decreases, and weak collisionally excited lines increase with gas metallicity as a result of the competition between different line coolants. Using Si iv+O iv]/C iv as an indicator of gas metallicity, we present, for the first time, a strong correlation between the metallicity and the outflow strength of quasars over a wide range of 1.7–6.9 times solar abundance. Our result implies that metallicity plays an important role in the formation of quasar outflows, likely by affecting outflow acceleration. This effect may have a profound impact on galaxy evolution via momentum feedback and chemical enrichment.
Matched-filtering Line Search Methods Applied to Suzaku Data

A detailed search for emission and absorption lines and assessing their upper limits are performed for Suzaku data. The method utilizes a matched-filtering approach to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio for a given energy resolution, which could be applicable to many types of line search. We first applied it to well-known AGN spectra that have been reported to have ultra-fast outflows, and find that our results are consistent with previous findings at the ~3{\sigma} level. We proceeded to search for emission and absorption features in the two bright magnetars 4U 0142+61 and 1RXS J1708-4009, applying the filtering method to Suzaku data. We found that neither source showed any significant indication of line features, even using long Suzaku observations and dividing their spectra into spin phases. The upper limits on the equivalent width of emission/absorption lines are constrained to be a few eV at ~1 keV, and a few hundreds of eV at ~10 keV. This strengthens previous reports that persistently bright magnetars do not show proton cyclotron absorption features in soft X-rays and, even if they exist, they would be broadened or much weaker than below the detection limit of X-ray CCD.
Background Dependent Lorentz Violation from String Theory

We revisit Lorentz violation in the Type IIB string theory with D3-branes and D7-branes. We study the relativistic particle velocities in details, and show that there exist both subluminal and superluminal particle propagations. In particular, the additional contributions to the particle velosity \delta v\equiv (v-c)/c from string theory is proportional to both the particle energy and the D3-brane number density, and is inversely proportional to the string scale. Thus, we can realize the background dependent Lorentz violation naturally by varying the D3-brane number density in space time. To explain the superluminal neutrino propagations in the OPERA and MINOS experiments, the string scale should be around 10^5 GeV. With very tiny D3-brane number density on the interstellar scale, we can also explain the time delays for the high energy photons compared to the low energy photons in the MAGIC, HESS, and FERMI experiments simultaneously. Interestingly, we can automatically satisfy all the stringent constraints from the synchrotron radiation of the Crab Nebula, the SN1987a observations on neutrinos, and the cosmic ray experiments on charged leptons. We also address the possible phenomenological challenges to our models from the relevant experiments done on the Earth.
Catalysis of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking by chiral chemical potential in Dirac semimetals

In this paper we study the properties of media with chiral imbalance parameterized by chiral chemical potential. It is shown that depending on the strength of interaction between constituents in the media the chiral chemical potential either creates or enhances dynamical chiral symmetry breaking. Thus the chiral chemical potential plays a role of the catalyst of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking. Physically this effect results from the appearance of the Fermi surface and additional fermion states on this surface which take part in dynamical chiral symmetry breaking. An interesting conclusion which can be drawn is that at sufficiently small temperature chiral plasma is unstable with respect to condensation of Cooper pairs and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking even for vanishingly small interactions between constituents.
Supernovae in paired galaxies

Abstract We investigate the influence of close neighbor galaxies on the properties of supernovae (SNe) and their host galaxies using 56 SNe located in pairs of galaxies with different levels of star formation (SF) and nuclear activity. The mean distance of type II SNe from nuclei of hosts is greater by about a factor of 2 than that of type Ibc SNe. The distributions and mean distances of SNe are consistent with previous results compiled with the larger sample. For the first time it is shown that SNe Ibc are located in pairs with significantly smaller difference of radial velocities between components than pairs containing SNe Ia and II. We consider this as a result of higher star formation rate (SFR) of these closer systems of galaxies.
CubeSat Link Budget: Elements, calculations, and examples

Antenna designs suitable to fly on CubeSats have been of growing interest. The prolific CubeSat antenna literature, however, is contrasted by limited tools for an antenna engineer to develop or understand a CubeSat link budget, which sets the requirements for the spacecraft and ground antenna design. This article presents detailed explanations of the link budget basics, which include not only antenna design terms but also signal processing and system noise parameters. Relations among the data rate, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), system noise temperature, and antenna gain are reviewed, explained, and applied in three examples of link budgets for CubeSats in low-Earth (LEO), geosynchronous (GEO), and lunar orbits.
Culture and cognitive transfer in childhood

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The Limited Aperture Sparse Array for DOA Estimation of Coherent Signals: A Mutual-Coupling-Optimized Array and Coherent DOA Estimation Algorithm

The paper investigates DOA estimation of coherent Signals with the limited aperture sparse array. Mutual coupling between the sensors of the array cannot be ignored in practical radar with a limited aperture of array sensors, which will result in a degradation in the performance of Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation. This paper proposes a Mutual-coupling-optimized array (MCOA) with a limited aperture in this scenario to reduce the mutual coupling effect. Firstly, we prove the sparse uniform linear array (SULA) has the smallest mutual coupling leakage when the array aperture and the number of sensors is determined. Secondly, we modify the spacing of the array sensors in SULA to make sure that the spacing between all array sensors and the reference sensor are coprime aiming to estimate DOA without spatial aliasing. Thirdly, we give an expression for the array element spacing arrangement with reduced mutual coupling leakage. Finally, the coherent signals are well resolved by the Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL) algorithm. Numerous simulations are conducted to validate the advantages of the proposed array compared to several sparse arrays for estimating coherent signals in the presence of mutual coupling.
Lattice scars: surviving in an open discrete billiard

We study quantum systems on a discrete bounded lattice (lattice billiards). The statistical properties of their spectra show universal features related to the regular or chaotic character of their classical continuum counterparts. However, the decay dynamics of the open systems appear very different from the continuum case, their properties being dominated by the states in the band center. We identify a class of states (‘lattice scars’) that survive for infinite times in dissipative systems and that are degenerate at the center of the band. We provide analytical arguments for their existence in any bipartite lattice, and give a formula to determine their number. These states should be relevant to quantum transport in discrete systems, and we discuss how to observe them using photonic waveguides, cold atoms in optical lattices, and quantum circuits.
Taxonomic boundaries in Lesser Treeshrews (Scandentia, Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876)

The Lesser Treeshrew, Tupaia minor Günther, 1876, is a small mammal from Southeast Asia with four currently recognized subspecies: T. m. minor from Borneo; T. m. malaccana from the Malay Peninsula; T. m. humeralis from Sumatra; and T. m. sincepis from Singkep Island and Lingga Island. A fifth subspecies, T. m. caedis, was previously synonymized with T. m. minor; it was thought to occur in northern Borneo and on the nearby islands of Banggi and Balambangan. These subspecies were originally differentiated based on pelage color, a plastic feature that has proven to be an unreliable indicator of taxonomic boundaries in treeshrews and other mammals. To explore infraspecific variation among T. minor populations across the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, and smaller islands, we conducted multivariate analyses of morphometric data collected from the hands and skulls of museum specimens. Principal component and discriminant function analyses reveal limited differentiation in manus and skull proportions among populations of T. minor from different islands. We find no morphometric support for the recognition of the four allopatric subspecies and no support for the recognition of T. m. caedis as a separate subspecies on Borneo.
CONSTRAINTS ON COSMIC-RAY PROPAGATION MODELS FROM A GLOBAL BAYESIAN ANALYSIS

Research in many areas of modern physics such as, e.g., indirect searches for dark matter and particle acceleration in supernova remnant shocks rely heavily on studies of cosmic rays (CRs) and associated diffuse emissions (radio, microwave, X-rays, γ-rays). While very detailed numerical models of CR propagation exist, a quantitative statistical analysis of such models has been so far hampered by the large computational effort that those models require. Although statistical analyses have been carried out before using semi-analytical models (where the computation is much faster), the evaluation of the results obtained from such models is difficult, as they necessarily suffer from many simplifying assumptions. The main objective of this paper is to present a working method for a full Bayesian parameter estimation for a numerical CR propagation model. For this study, we use the GALPROP code, the most advanced of its kind, which uses astrophysical information, and nuclear and particle data as inputs to self-consistently predict CRs, γ-rays, synchrotron, and other observables. We demonstrate that a full Bayesian analysis is possible using nested sampling and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods (implemented in the SuperBayeS code) despite the heavy computational demands of a numerical propagation code. The best-fit values of parameters found in this analysis are in agreement with previous, significantly simpler, studies also based on GALPROP.
Covariant entropy bound and loop quantum cosmology

We examine Bousso's covariant entropy bound conjecture in the context of radiation filled, spatially flat, Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models. The bound is violated near the big bang. However, the hope has been that quantum gravity effects would intervene and protect it. Loop quantum cosmology provides a near ideal setting for investigating this issue. For, on the one hand, quantum geometry effects resolve the singularity and, on the other hand, the wave function is sharply peaked at a quantum corrected but smooth geometry, which can supply the structure needed to test the bound. We find that the bound is respected. We suggest that the bound need not be an essential ingredient for a quantum gravity theory but may emerge from it under suitable circumstances.
Exploring Elementary Student and Teacher Perceptions of STEM and CS Abilities

Curriculum, legislation, and standards across the nation are quickly evolving to incorporate computer science and computational thinking concepts into K-12 classrooms. For example, many states have passed legislation requiring computer science to be included in every school’s curriculum. Most states, however, report high shortages of qualified computer science teachers, meaning, teachers without extensive training will be required to integrate these concepts into their classrooms—a daunting task for most teachers without the necessary background and experiences. This paper reports the impacts of a thirteen-week intervention in a local elementary school designed to introduce computational thinking skills to 4th and 5th grade students. This intervention involved the first two authors working with a teacher and her students to introduce a project-based activity into the traditional curriculum. As students worked to design, build, and automate a model clubhouse, they incorporated foundational construction concepts as well as computational thinking skills. Our findings shed light on the potential for such a project to influence student and teacher’s perceptions of related fields, and abilities, and student’s perceptions of related professions.