Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of B-box proteins and their contribution to plant development in Arachis duranensis

Background B-box (BBX) proteins are important factors involving in the regulation of plant growth and development, and have been identified in many plant species. However, the characteristics and transcription patterns of BBX genes in wild peanut are limited. Results In the present study, we identified and characterized 24 BBX genes in a wild peanut Arachis duranensis. The AdBBX members distributed on 9 of the 10 chromosomes and chromosome 3 contained the most AdBBX members, with 6 AdBBXs. 16 AdBBX proteins had two distinct BBX domains, 11 members contained one CCT domain, and 7 genes had both BBX and CCT domains. Protein structure analysis revealed that AdBBX were classified into five clades: I (3 genes), II (4 genes), III (4 genes), IV (9 genes) and V (4 genes), on the basis of the diversity of conserved BBX and CCT domains. Moreover, 15 distinct motifs were found in these 24 AdBBX proteins and motif 1 and 5 existed in all the AdBBX proteins. Duplication analysis revealed that 4 interchromosomal duplicated gene pairs were obtained and all of them belonged to group IV. In addition, 95 kinds of cis-acting elements were found in the promoter regions of AdBBXs and 53 types were predicted to have putative functions. The numbers and types of cis-acting elements varied in these AdBBX promoters, as a result, AdBBX genes exhibited distinct expression levels in different tissues. The transcription investigation combined with synteny analysis suggested AdBBX8 might be the key factor involving in flowering time regulation in Arachis duranensis. Conclusion Overall, this study provides a genome-wide identification of BBX genes in a wild peanut Arachis duranensis. Characteristic and transcription pattern analysis revealed their critical roles in plant growth and development. Our study will provide essential information for further functional characteristic investigation of AdBBX genes.
Generalised transformer model based on the analysis of its magnetic core circuit

In this paper a new transformer model, named ‘geometrical’, is developed, based on the circuit analysis of its magnetic core. The method is general and can be used for any type of multiphase multiwinding transformer. The model simulates the transformer as a set of coupled branches and can be incorporated into the widely known electromagnetic transients program (EMTP). A basic advantage of the model is that it can represent any asymmetry of the transformer magnetic circuit. As a study case, the model of an actual 280 MVA autotransformer is derived and used for the simulation of various steady state and transient conditions.
Rapid isothermal processing

The physics and technology of a relatively new, short‐time, thermal processing technique, namely rapid isothermal processing (RIP), based on incoherent sources of light for the fabrication of semiconductor devices and circuits, are reviewed in this paper. Low‐cost, minimum overall thermal budget, low‐power consumption, and high throughput are some of the attractive features of RIP. The discussion of RIP, in the context of other thermal processes, history, operating principles, different types of RIP systems, various applications of RIP using single processing steps, and novel applications of RIP, including in situ processing and multistep processing, is described in detail. Current trends are in the direction of RIP‐dominated silicon integrated circuit fabrication technology that can lead to the development of the most advanced three‐dimensional integrated circuits suitable for applications such as parallel processing and radiation hardening. RIP is not only a superior alternative to furnace processing, b.
HRR ATR using eigen templates with noisy observations in unknown target scenario

This paper presents recent ATR results with High Range Resolution (HRR) profiles used for classification of ground targets. Our previous work has demonstrated that effective HRR-ATR performance can be achieved if the templates are formed via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of detected HRR profiles and the classification is performed using normalized Matched Filtering (MF) [1, 2]. It had been shown theoretically in [1, 2] that the eigen-vectors are the optimal feature set representation of a collection of HRR profile vectors and we had proposed to use the dominant range- space eigen-vectors as templates, known as Eigen-Templates (ET). However, in [1, 2], HRR-ATR performance using the Eigen Template-Matched Filter (ETMF) combination had been applied to the forced decision case only using the XPATCH data sets. In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness in HRR- ATR performance of the ETMF approach by incorporating unknown target scenario [4]. All results in this paper use the public release MSTAR data. Furthermore, in our earlier work, HRR testing data was used without any additive noise, where it was found that detected-HRR data preprocessed by Power Transform (PT) can enhance ATR performance. However, results and analysis presented in this paper demonstrate that PT pre- processing when applied to noisy observation profiles tend to obscure the target information in the HRR profiles considerably which in turn leads to considerable deterioration in HRR-ATR performance. Hence, we argue in this paper that PT pre-processing should be avoided in practice in all HRR-ATR implementations. Instead, we show that the proposed ETMF with appropriate alignment and normalization of template and observation profiles can achieve excellent HRR-ATR performance.Extensive simulation studies have been carried out to validate the proposed approach. Results are presented for different noise levels in terms of Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves.
Benefit Evaluation of New Technologies

In business theory there are no suitable benefit evaluation procedures for new technologies (e.g. CAD/CAM systems, EDM/PDM systems) in product development. Another problem is the missing process orientation as well as an inadmissible mix of quantifiable and qualitative benefits (if they are not be even neglected). Hence, the results are difficult to comprehend ([Schabacker, 2001], [Bauer, 1995]). Copyright © 2002 by ASME
A new model to analyze the effects of noise in a real oscillator

A model to perform time‐domain simulations of noisy oscillators by means of linear time‐variant systems is presented. The proposed model has been implemented in an ODE simulation software, and the obtained power spectral density has been compared to the one obtained with the SpectreRF™ circuit simulator, denoting an error lower than 2 dB. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 305–307, 2002.
Development of Models for Managing Network Congestion on Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) in Nigeria

Unexpectedly, the level of patronage being experienced in Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) in Nigeria is overwhelming. This is as a result of freedom of calling from anywhere at anytime and clarity of the voice enjoyed in GSM since it is on a digital technology platform. This has brought a lot of congestion in the network resulting in poor services by the operators. This research has developed a management algorithm for the management of the congestion ex- perienced in the GSM network in Nigeria. It explores the use of Erlang-B in determining the appropriate probability level for some range of subscribers. Thereafter, when there is congestion, block time sharing, dynamic allocation without time slicing, dynamic allocation time slicing with signal sensing, frequently recent call allocation, and priority allocation algorithms were developed to manage the congestion. Furthermore, a hybrid algorithm was developed that integrates all the algorithms to- gether in other to manage the congestion considering all the strengths and constraints of each algorithm. If the recommended congestion management algorithm is followed comprehensibly, the congestion problem on the GSM network will be reduced drastically.
Design and fabrication of a MEMS mirror for miniature laser projection

For miniature laser projection displays the laser beam is swept very fast back and forth with a MEMS mirror. This paper presents an innovative design for such a MEMS mirror. Both the dynamical behavior and manufacturability have been improved. We designed a process based upon industrially proven process steps to accurately control critical parameters and fabricated a mirror consisting of: cantilever beams, out-of-plane support beams and a rhombus shaped enforcement structure. Measurements show a well defined resonant mode of operation at 23.5 kHz while suffering from only little parasitic resonance modes. This mirror can now be mass-produced at low costs.
Fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire single photon detector for quantum key distribution

A fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire single photon detector is presented considering practical applications. The system performances, such as dark count rate, system efficiency and noise equivalent power, are discussed. A system efficiency of 3% (1550 nm) and a dark count rate of 10 Hz at 4.2 K were achieved in experiment.
CMOS fully integrated reconfigurable power amplifier with efficiency enhancement for LTE applications

A fully integrated power amplifier using a power cell switching technique, implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology is presented. The main objective of the proposed architecture is to significantly improve the efficiency at high power back-off. To do so, distributed active transformers are used as the splitter, the combiner and the DC bias feed to partition the power requirements among the parallelised power cells. An individual cell can be dynamically turned ON/OFF according to the desired output power. At 2.5 GHz, the measured maximum output power is 28.2 dBm and the power-added efficiency is improved for low level, +3.2 and +4.9% for 18 and 23.7 dBm, respectively.
Some Aspects of Rolling Stock Technologies in the Future

This article examines some of the promising technologies for developing new rolling stock in anticipation of railways' expanded role in order to cut growth of greenhouse gases and reduce fuel consumption as the world economy continues to grow. It is important to promote new uses of rail transport given that railways consume 1/20 of the energy used by private trucks. Also, if advances continue to be made in the sustained top speeds of high-speed rail cars, their feasible range for operations could double from their current 500 to 600 km. The running resistance of the latest Shinkansen trains at 300 km/h is about the same as that of the oldest ones at 220 km/h. LRVs could come down in cost with changes to the way they are designed, which would make them suitable for freight operations. Areas of future research include making them more convenient, reducing their noise and vibration, cutting their electric magnetic emissions and reducing their energy use.
Intelligent Evaluation Model for Cementing Quality Based on GA-SVM and Application

The cementing quality is directly related to the normal operation of the gas well, therefore, the evaluation of cementing quality is key to the correctly use the gas well as well as to take measures to protect the gas well. In this paper, four first wave amplitudes at the same depth point when using the borehole compensated sonic logger with double transceiver technique to carry out the acoustic amplitude log operation are served as the discriminant factors to evaluate the cementing quality. Taking the engineering actual measured data as the learning samples and using the particle swarm optimization to optimize the parameters of support vector machine, this paper established the intelligent evaluation model for cementing quality based on genetic algorithm (GA) and support vector machine (SVM). The model employs the excellent characteristic of SVM which has high speed of solving and could describe nonlinear relation as well as the characteristic of GA which has global optimization. Through test of engineering samples, the research result showed that this model has fast astringency and high precision, providing a new method and approach for the fast and accurate evaluation of the well cementing quality.
Numerical Simulation Study on Air-Flow Migration Law about Vortex Air Curtain of Plane Wall Fan Drum

Vortex air curtain of plane wall fan drum can control the diffusion of air stripping dust effectively. In order to solve the high-concentration dust problem in fully mechanized excavation face, formation mechanism of vortex air curtain was analyzed. According to fluid mechanical control equations of gas phase flow, mathematical model was established to solve air migration law of vortex air curtain in fully mechanized excavation face. By using Simple algorithm based on collocated grid and fluent software, numerical simulation of air spatial migration law of closed-end dust control in fully mechanized excavation face was carried out. The simulation results show that vortex air curtain dust control system can form dust control fan drum along driving head to the front of the roadheader driver. According to the simulation results and actual conditions of working face field, vortex air curtain suction dust control system consisted of plane wall fan drum and exhausted dust purification device in fully mechanized excavation face was designed, and after it was applied in fully mechanized excavation face, the dust concentration decreased effectively in the working face field.
Diagnosis of Ball Screw Preload Loss by Vibration Signals through the Hilbert-Huang Transform and Multiscale Measure

This paper proposes a diagnosis method of ball screw preload loss through the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) and Multiscale entropy (MSE) process when machine tool is in operation. Maximum dynamic preload of 2% and 4% ball screws are predesigned, manufactured and conducted experimentally. Vibration signal patterns are examined and revealed by Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) with Hilbert Spectrum. Different preload features are extracted and discriminated by using HHT. The irregularity development of ball screw with preload loss is determined and abstracting via MSE based on complexity perception. The experiment results successfully show preload loss can be envisaged by the proposed methodology.
Dispersion of air pollutants around buildings: A review of past studies and their methodologies

The review shows that on-site measurement has the benefit of obtaining real life data under real atmospheric boundary layer conditions, but it is too difficult to capture the real atmospheric conditions and too expensive to conduct such experiment as too many samplers and receptors are needed, particularly for investigating the air pollutant issues with regard to building arrays. This difficulty can be solved by physical-scale modelling, which can provide more controllable airflow boundary conditions, but accuracy is compromised by its inability to simulate real boundary layer turbulence conditions and buoyancy effects. Water channel is advantageous in buoyancy experiments but maintaining realistic viscosity and density properties of the medium could be challenging. Direct numerical simulation can provide accurate results; but it is impractical to simulate flows in large domains due to high computational requirements. Reynold-averaged Navier–Stokes numerical simulation is the most commonly used model for pollutant dispersion and infection control analysis but generally over-predicts surface concentrations at the leeward side of a building. Although large eddy simulation can over-predict the lateral pollutant concentration in the wake region of the building, flow unsteadiness and intermittency can be solved.
Making the Assessment Criteria Explicit through Writing Feedback: A Pedagogical Approach to Developing Academic writing

Abstract Learning academic writing has traditionally been a stumbling block for Higher Degree Research (HDR) students. HDR supervision pedagogy is not always explicit. Many HDR supervisors maintain an ‘osmosis’ approach to learning about academic writing, and others, while acknowledging the importance of feedback on samples of HDR student writing, fail to provide feedback that enables a student to address the writing problems or to understand the nature of HDR assessment. There is a need to begin to map successful pedagogical practices in the HDR context and HDR supervisors can start this by researching their own practice. This study elaborates on the author’s development of an explicit assessment criteria (Productive Pedagogy) for a thesis while he was examining Practitioner Investigation reports for postgraduate students. He subsequently used this framework as a basis for providing feedback on writing samples from his HDR students. The paper encourages other HDR supervisors to explore their own constructs of ‘goodness’ in academic writing so that these constructs can inform explicit feedback to students about what makes up the notion of academic writing.
Decomposition of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions in ASEAN Based on Kaya Identity

ASEAN is a region with high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, accompanied by an increase in population, gross domestic product (GDP) and energy consumption. Population, GDP, and energy consumption can be linked to CO2 emissions through an identity equation called the Rich Identity. This research is based on Kaya identity to describe CO2 emissions to calculate the impact of population, economic activity, energy intensity and carbon intensity on CO2 emissions in ASEAN and 8 ASEAN countries (i.e., Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar and Brunei Darussalam) from 1990 to 2017. The method used is the Logarithmic Mean Division Index (LMDI). The data used are from the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. Four effects measured and main findings showed that population, economic activity and carbon intensity factor increased by 293.02 MtCO2, 790.0 MtCO2, and 195.51 MtCO2, respectively. Meanwhile, energy intensity effect made ASEAN's CO2 emissions decrease by 283.13 MtCO2. Regarding contributions to the increase in CO2 emissions in all ASEAN countries, the population effect increases CO2 emissions in all countries in ASEAN and the economic activity effect is also the same, except in Brunei Darussalam which makes CO2 emissions in this country decreased by 1.07 MtCO2. Meanwhile, the effects of energy and carbon intensity are different. The effect of energy intensity causes CO2 emissions in lower-middle income countries to decrease, while in upper-middle and high-income countries, it increases carbon emissions. In contrast to the effect of carbon intensity, that actually makes CO2 emissions increase in lower-middle income countries and reduces carbon emissions in upper-middle and high-income countries.
Developing a Cause and Effect Model of ISSM and TAM in Ecotourism Virtual Communities by Applying DEMATEL Method

Ecological degradation is an escalating global threat. Despite these environmental concerns, efforts to raise environmental behavior appear unsuccessful as degradation of the environment continues. Thus, the environmental protection problems are highlighted and the environmental issues are emerged. Given to the above reasons, an appropriate information technology tool, such as the growing popular social network system (e.g., virtual community, VC), can facilitate public education and engagement on applications of the existed problems effectively. Particularly, exploring the related involvement behavior of VC member engagement becomes an interesting and meaningful topic. Nevertheless, the member engagement process comprises interrelated sub-process reflecting members interactive experience within virtual communities, and value co-creation model among community participants. To address the top-focused ecotourism virtual communities, this study presents an application of using hybrid expert-based DEMATEL models based on multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) tools to deeply investigate the complex multidimensional and dynamic nature of member engagement. Research findings can help providing insightful management implications and suggestions on the viral marketing of ecotourism protection concerns to both practitioners and academicians.
Alternative approaches to in-situ intensity estimation (medical diagnostic ultrasound)

Experimental results from a study of three alternative approaches to the estimation of in-situ or derated ultrasonic intensity parameters are presented. The existing regulatory approach uses the exponential derating factor e exp(-0.069F/sub c/d), where F/sub c/ is the center frequency of the ultrasonic pulse and d is the focal depth in centimeters. This derating is applied to the values of ultrasonic intensity as measured in water, which are significantly influenced by nonlinear propagation effects. This first alternative approach applies the same general formula to all the frequency components of the ultrasonic pulse spectrum. The second alternative involves reconstructing a time waveform from only the dominant spectral peak of the pulse spectrum, adjusted to account for the energy lost in the higher harmonics. In the third approach, the centroid of the frequency spectrum is used rather than the center frequency. Results of axial beam scans at low and high energy levels (where nonlinear effects dominate) show that the alternative methods may be appropriate for regulatory purposes. <<ETX>>
Performance-Graded High-Temperature Selection Criterion: Can We Do It Better?

The Superpave binder grading system provides a selection process based on the potential performance characteristics of the binder as related to the climatic considerations of the area, principally the temperature. The selection criterion for the high-temperature grade uses the average of the maximum consecutive 7-d high pavement temperatures at a 20-mm depth with requisite grade bumps. This selection criterion is examined as to how well it actually relates to the performance of the asphalt concrete under high temperatures, principally permanent deformations in the mixtures, which is a fundamental connection that must be established before adjustments are made to the binder grade on the basis of the traffic using the pavement. The current temperature criterion is compared with the actual temperature distributions of a number of cities across the United States to demonstrate the disconnected nature of this value in relation to the actual pavement temperatures. The temperature data are further analyzed to present the performance differences that could be incurred in different climates when the 7-d high pavement temperature average is used as the selection criterion with rather arbitrary grade bumps. Georgia loaded wheel rut data are used to illustrate the possible performance differences that may be incurred by ignoring the temperature frequency distribution and using only the maximum consecutive 7-d high pavement temperatures at 20 mm for the selection criterion. A procedure is outlined that would allow inclusion of traffic loads and temperature distribution to develop a simple selection procedure that is based on binder differences.
Free class AB–AB Miller opamp with high current enhancement

A two-stage (Miller) operational amplifier (opamp) with both class AB input and output stages is introduced. It has a well-controlled quiescent current and generates dynamic output currents of up to a factor 45 times larger than the quiescent current. It uses very compact circuitry with small static power consumption in order to achieve class AB-AB operation and can operate with a low supply voltage. Experimental results of a test chip fabricated using 0.18 μm CMOS technology and simulations in 130, 90, 65 and 45 nm verify the proposed circuit.