Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between routines of supplier selection and evaluation, risk perception and propensity to form buyer–supplier partnerships

Abstract Supply chain partnership is viewed as an important contributor to superior competitiveness; yet, the knowledge of ex-ante factors contributing to the deployment of supply chain partnership is nascent. This article examines the influence of the current supplier selection routines, supplier evaluation routines and managerial attitude towards relational and performance risks on the future intention to form buyer–supplier partnerships, based on relational and evolutionary economics theory. The analysis is based on 156 questionnaires received from senior executives and supply/logistics managers of UK firms. We found that partner selection routine positively influences firms’ propensity (future intention) to form buyer–supplier partnerships, unlike the supplier evaluation routine and perceptions of both relational risk and performance risk, which were not found to have a significant role. Our findings suggest that firms wishing to initiate buyer–supplier partnerships can increase the likelihood of doing so by ensuring that their supplier selection routines incorporate efforts to establish potential suppliers’ inclination for openness in a relationship, to establish their track record of demonstrating a high degree of integrity with other buyers and to confirm that potential suppliers have a deep knowledge and understanding of the buyer’s business, a recognized strong reputation, and demonstrable financial stability.
Improving dust simulations in WRF-Chem v4.1.3 coupled with the GOCART aerosol module

Abstract. In this paper, we rectify inconsistencies that emerge in the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) v3.2 code when using the Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) aerosol module. These inconsistencies have been reported, and corrections have been implemented in WRF-Chem v4.1. 3. Here, we use a WRF-Chem experimental setup configured over the Middle East (ME) to estimate the effects of these inconsistencies. Firstly, we show that the old version underestimates the PM 2.5 diagnostic output by 7 % and overestimates PM 10 by 5 % in comparison with the corrected one. Secondly, we demonstrate that submicron dust particles' contribution was incorrectly accounted for in the calculation of optical properties. Therefore, aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the old version was 25 %–30 % less than in the corrected one. Thirdly, we show that the gravitational settling procedure, in comparison with the corrected version, caused higher dust column loadings by 4 %–6 %, PM 10 surface concentrations by 2 %–4 %, and mass of the gravitationally settled dust by 5 %–10 %. The cumulative effect of the found inconsistencies led to the significantly higher dust content in the atmosphere in comparison with the corrected WRF-Chem version. Our results explain why in many WRF-Chem simulations PM 10 concentrations were exaggerated. We present the methodology for calculating diagnostics we used to estimate the impacts of introduced code modifications. We share the developed Merra2BC interpolator, which allows processing Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) output for constructing initial and boundary conditions for chemical species and aerosols.
An emotion analysis scheme based on Gray Wolf optimization and deep learning

Automatic detection of emotions in textual data masses provides priceless opportunities for researchers and also it is inevitable for practitioners. The unfavorable factors involved in text data cause ambiguity and adversely affect the performances of emotion classifiers. Although deep learning approaches spark off significantly successive results, the obtained performances of the classifiers in the literature are commonly evaluated as the overall accuracy. This incomplete evaluation ignores inner class performance and overall accuracy can behave as a hopeful evaluator. In this study, we employed deep learning and meta‐heuristic optimization methods together in order to resolve the ambiguity issue. Moreover, the decision mechanism of a conventional deep learning model is equipped with optimal emotion vectors obtained by optimization processes for each emotion class. Experimental results show that the proposed approach improves the inner class performance by maintaining the overall accuracy scores.
Experimental Investigation of Thermosyphon Thermal Performance Using Different Filling Ratio

The present work investigated the thermal performance of thermosyphon by using distilled water as a working fluid at different filling ratios (50%, 60%, and 70 %). The thermosyphon was manufactured from a copper tube with outer and inner diameters (26 and 24) mm, respectively. The thermosyphon was tested experimentally at different input power (100, 200 and 300) Watt. The operating temperature of the oil was chosen below 85°C. Experimental results revealed that the filling ratio of 60% exhibited the best heat dissipation at the highest operating temperature. While the low operating temperature and 50 % filling ratio show better heat dissipation. Further, it was found that the thermal resistance of the thermosyphon was obviously decreased with increasing the input power. The percentage decrease in the thermal resistance of the thermosyphon at a filling ratio of 0.6 was 14.6 % compared with that filling ratio of 0.5 at an input power of 300 W.
Recent applications of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) for biological sample analysis: a follow-up review

Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is a feasible technique to obtain either quantitative elemental data or spatially resolved imaging/mapping of elements in biological tissues. Its popularity is due to the great detection capability of the setup, which has found central applicability in metallomics, nanoparticles uptake, labeling and tagging strategies in biological systems, elemental mapping of tissues and quantitative data for biomedical studies, besides utilization in a complementary manner with molecular mass spectrometry techniques. This article provides an update of recent progress and applications of LA-ICP-MS in the biological field, covering the time frame of the last three years. Key topics dealing with fast wash-out laser ablation cell developments, novel calibration strategies such as ink printing and dried-droplets, applications and mapping of elemental distribution in biological samples (animal, human and plant tissues), nanoparticle uptake, protein and single cell analysis are surveyed and critically discussed.
Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Daytime Sleepiness in Patients Diagnosed with Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C Infection

Background: Poor sleep quality and daytime fatigue are common features of chronic hepatitis. Objectives: To evaluate the association between daytime sleepiness and hepatitis and to identify factors that contribute to daytime sleepiness in patients with hepatitis B and those with hepatitis C. Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional pilot study, outpatients with fatigue who did not receive any treatment for hepatitis were recruited from the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and were classified into 5 groups of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis B + C, other hepatitis types, and without hepatitis (controls). Gastroesophageal reflux and daytime sleepiness were determined based on two self-reported questionnaires, and linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: In total 42 subjects had hepatitis B, 62 had hepatitis C, 9 had hepatitis B + C, 4 had other hepatitis types, and 14 had no hepatitis. Of them, 38 (29.01%) had gastroesophageal reflux (GERDQ score ≥ 12), and 13 (9.92%) had daytime sleepiness (ESS score ≥ 8). Hepatitis B patients with gastroesophageal reflux had significantly higher odds of daytime sleepiness [odds ratio (OR) = 12.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.59 - 261.02]. In hepatitis C patients, hypertension was significantly associated with daytime sleepiness (OR = 15.6, 95% CI = 2.13 - 143.21), while those with taller body height and elevated serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) levels had significantly lower odds of daytime sleepiness (body height: OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.65 - 0.93; GOT: OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.55 - 0.95). Conclusions: Gastroesophageal reflux is a risk factor for daytime sleepiness in hepatitis B patients. In hepatitis C patients, hypertension is a risk factor, while taller body height and elevated serum GOT are protective factors for daytime sleepiness.
Unionization and Convergence in the United States

Using data on U.S. state-level unionization from Hirsch et al. (2001) and the club convergence test developed by Phillips and Sul (2007, 2009), this paper shows that U.S. states have distinct groupings in terms of the level of unionization. In particular, the states in the American South generally belong to their own low union density groups. Further, states in the Northeast (such as New York) and the Great Lakes regions (Michigan, Ohio) tend to have higher levels of unionization and form their own convergence clubs.
Optimal Vector Sequences for Simultaneous Reduction of the Switching Loss, Zero-Sequence Circulating Current, and Torque Ripple in Two Parallel Interleaved Inverter-Fed PMSM Drives

The two-parallel interleaved converters system is essentially a multilevel converter and introduces more vector redundancies than a single converter, leaving a large space for vector sequences optimization for the simultaneous optimization of crucial indicators. However, the vector redundancies have not been fully explored by previous studies to achieve multiple crucial indicators optimization. This article aims to obtain high efficiency and low torque ripples for the two-parallel interleaved converters-fed permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), which are dominantly affected by the switching loss, zero-sequence circulating current (ZSCC), and torque ripples. First, given the vector redundancies, this article explores the available vector sequences according to switching times, the minimal torque ripple, and ZSCC with a priority of the switching times. The resultant vector sequences split each 60° sector into eight subsectors, but each subsector has redundant vector sequences. Then, this article further quantitatively analyzes the torque ripple and ZSCC of the redundant vector sequences in the subsectors, based on which each subsector applies an optimal vector sequence. Despite the complexity of the divisions of the subsectors, this article proposes a simple carrier-based modulation scheme and the implementation of the proposed optimal vector sequences amounts to corresponding common-mode voltage (CMV) injections into the references, which only require a simple logic judgment. The theoretical analysis confirms that the proposed method yields smaller torque ripples, ZSCCs, and switching losses than existing pulsewidth modulation (PWM) schemes over the whole modulation indices. Finally, the experimental results further verify the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Measurement report: quantifying source contribution of fossil fuels and biomass-burning black carbon aerosol in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Abstract. Anthropogenic emissions of black carbon (BC) aerosol are transported from Southeast Asia to the southwestern Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the pre-monsoon; however, the quantities of BC from different anthropogenic sources and the transport mechanisms are still not well constrained because there have been no high-time-resolution BC source apportionments. Intensive measurements were taken in a transport channel for pollutants from Southeast Asia to the southeastern margin of the TP during the pre-monsoon to investigate the influences of fossil fuels and biomass burning on BC. A receptor model that coupled multi-wavelength absorption with aerosol species concentrations was used to retrieve site-specific Ångström exponents (AAEs) and mass absorption cross sections (MACs) for BC. An “aethalometer model” that used those values showed that biomass burning had a larger contribution to BC mass than fossil fuels (BCbiomass=57 % versus BCfossil=43 %). The potential source contribution function indicated that BCbiomass was transported to the site from northeastern India and northern Burma. The Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) indicated that 40 % of BCbiomass originated from Southeast Asia, while the high BCfossil was transported from the southwest of the sampling site. A radiative transfer model indicated that the average atmospheric direct radiative effect (DRE) of BC was +4.6 ± 2.4 W m−2, with +2.5 ± 1.8 W m−2 from BCbiomass and +2.1 ± 0.9 W m−2 from BCfossil. The DRE of BCbiomass and BCfossil produced heating rates of 0.07 ± 0.05 and 0.06 ± 0.02 K d−1, respectively. This study provides insights into sources of BC over a transport channel to the southeastern TP and the influence of the cross-border transportation of biomass-burning emissions from Southeast Asia during the pre-monsoon.
A Tracer study of Bachelor of Art Industrial Art Graduates of KNUST: Employability and Performance Appraisal within five years

This study evaluates, among others, the employment status, performance and job satisfaction of graduates of the BA Industrial Art programme from 2012 to 2017. The objective is to serve as a guide for programme revision and policy direction to fill curriculum gaps in meeting the expectations of the industry. The study was based on mixed-method research design involving quantitative and qualitative approaches and employs descriptive survey and observational methods through triangulation of questionnaire and interviews. Data collected through questionnaire were analysed with SPSS, whereas thematic analysis was used for data obtained through interviews. The study finds 20% of the 350 sampled population with relevant jobs in their respective fields of study. 45% have no jobs whereas 35% have diverted into other fields due to lack of employment in their areas of specialisation. The need to revise the industrial art programme into job-specific programmes or develop demand-driven programmes to address the needs of industry is highly recommended. This is to make the programme relevant to reflect current best practices towards the training of right calibre of graduates, who will fit into specific positions in the industry for sustainable development of the industrial art subsector.
Estimation of Driver Lane Change Intention Based on the LSTM and Dempster–Shafer Evidence Theory

Rapid and correct estimation of driver lane change intention plays an important role in the advanced driver assistance system (ADAS), which could make the driver improve the reliability of the ADAS system and help to decrease driver workload. In this study, a method based on the long short-term memory network (LSTM) and Dempster–Shafer evidence theory is proposed. The model consists of a preliminary decision-making label and a final decision-making label. Driver visual information, head orientation, and vehicle dynamics are collected by preliminary decision-making label. Then, LSTM is used to calculate the initial probability of the driver lane change (left, right, and lane keeping) maneuver intention. The outputs of LSTM are normalized and assigned a basic probability by the Dempster–Shafer evidence theory. The final decision-making label analyzes the information and outputs the probability of each lane change intention and the decision is to identify the driver's current intention. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the model is 90.7% for the intention of changing left and 89.1% for the intention of changing right. The outcome of this work is an essential component for all levels of road vehicle automation.
Singlehood and Attunement of Self-Esteem to Friendships

Romantic relationships activate a process of psychological attunement whereby self-esteem becomes responsive to the romantic bond, thereby potentially benefitting relationship quality and bolstering self-esteem. Yet some people are romantically single, raising the question: Do single people also exhibit psychological attunement? In a 2-year longitudinal study of young adults (N = 279), we test whether singles psychologically attune to their friendships. Multilevel modeling revealed that within-person fluctuations in friendship quality predicted within-person fluctuations in self-esteem, and this association was stronger for singles than for partnered people. A cross-sectional mediation analysis also revealed that singles invested more in their friendships than partnered people, and greater friendship investment predicted greater friendship quality and self-esteem later on. Finally, singles maintain their friendship quality over time while partnered people experience declines. Taken together, these results suggest that singles are psychologically attuned to their friendships, and such attunement may benefit their belongingness and self-esteem.
Evaluation of the effects of protective measures implemented in high-rockfill slope engineering based on the discrete element model

There has to date been no quantitative analysis of the anti-sliding effects of protective measures implemented in high steep rockfill slope engineering under conditions of instability, despite the importance of this analysis for engineering design, improvement to engineering measures, and promotion of hazard warning and management. This study established a discrete element model (DEM) of a high steep rockfill slope based on an engineering project. Numerical simulation was used to investigate the anti-sliding effect of concrete retaining wall height on the high rockfill slope under conditions of instability, with a focus on the distributions of rock before and after slope instability, rock displacement, the quantity of rock crossing the concrete retaining wall, and the quantity of rock reaching the riverbed. The trajectory of rolling rock changes in velocity under different concrete retaining wall heights, and the resistance to rolling rock by the retaining wall were analyzed. Movement trajectories and velocity time-history curves of rolling rock suggested that a higher concrete retaining wall could enhance slope stability under long-term operation. Quantitative analyses determined the optimum height of the concrete retaining wall. The method proposed in this study could provide guidance for effective protective measures in high steep rockfill slope engineering.
Attainable bounds for algebraic connectivity and maximally-connected regular graphs

We derive attainable upper bounds on the algebraic connectivity (spectral gap) of a regular graph in terms of its diameter and girth. This bound agrees with the well-known Alon-Boppana-Friedman bound for graphs of even diameter, but is an improvement for graphs of odd diameter. For the girth bound, we show that only Moore graphs can attain it, and these only exist for very few possible girths. For diameter bound, we use a combination of stochastic algorithms and exhaustive search to find graphs which attain it. For 3-regular graphs, we find attainable graphs for all diameters $D$ up to and including $D=9$ (the case of $D=10$ is open). These graphs are extremely rare and also have high girth; for example we found exactly 45 distinct cubic graphs on 44 vertices attaining the upper bound when $D=7$; all have girth 8 (out of a total of about $10^{20}$ cubic graphs on 44 vertices, including 266362 having girth 8). We also exhibit families of $d$-regular graphs attaining upper bounds with $D=3$ and $4$, and with $g=6. $ Several conjectures are proposed.
Use of Occupation-Based Outcome Measure and Strength-Based Self-Report with Persons with Substance Use Disorders: A Prospective Cohort Study

Abstract This prospective cohort study provides a foundation for the use of an occupation-based and self-report strength-based outcome measure for use with persons with diagnosed substance use disorders (SUD). Eighteen participants were assessed in a forensic residential treatment facility to explore the utility of the Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale (OCAIRS). Participants also took the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS-P) to assess character strengths which can support a self-report approach to treatment planning. The results of this study support the use of the OCAIRS as an occupation-based occupational therapy assessment tool.
Interactions between Polyphenols and Volatile Compounds in Wine: A Literature Review on Physicochemical and Sensory Insights

Wine polyphenols (PPhs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are responsible for two of the main sensory characteristics in defining the complexity and quality of red wines: astringency and aroma. Wine VOCs’ volatility and solubility are strongly influenced by the matrix composition, including the interactions with PPhs. To date, these interactions have not been deeply studied, although the topic is of great interest in oenology. This article reviews the available knowledge on the main physicochemical and sensory effects of polyphenols on the release and perception of wine aromas in orthonasal and retronasal conditions. It describes the molecular insights and the phenomena that can modify VOCs behavior, according to the different chemical classes. It introduces the possible impact of saliva on aroma release and perception through the modulation of polyphenols–aroma compounds interactions. Limitations and possible gaps to overcome are presented together with updated approaches used to investigate those interactions and their effects, as well as future perspectives on the subject.
Synthesis, characterization of imidazole‐based copper complex mixtures and study of their thermal behaviour

Herein, the synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of imidazole‐based two copper‐phosphate mixtures, A = Cu2(PO4)(OH)·Cu(HPO4)(H2O)·(C3H4N2)2.3.25 H2O and B = Cu3(PO4)2H2O·(C3H4N2)3 (H2O)·0.1(C3H4N2). 3.25 H2O are reported. The characterization was done by adopting various electro‐analytical techniques such as elemental analysis, X‐ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) Spectrometry, Absorption Spectrophotometry and Ultraviolet‐Visible and near Infrared (UV‐Vis‐NIR). Differential Scanning Calorimetry performed with the heating rate 10 K/min from 297.96 to 770.46 K in normal atmosphere for both mixtures. DSC data indicated that both mixtures A and B are exhibiting exothermic property by their net specific heat capacities (Cp) −11.11 and −2.83 J/g K, respectively. Therefore, these complex mixtures can be utilized as heat dissipation materials. Both mixtures A and B undergo phase change in terms of hydrated phase to dehydrated phase up to 356 and 392 K, respectively. The specific heat capacity of Mixture A during hydration, Cp = 2.54 J/g K, is higher than the tin, lead, stainless steel, glass and aluminium at their respective melting points. This mixture is also found better than the commercial product based on lithium ion battery in terms of specific heat capacity. From UV‐Vis‐NIR analysis, it is found that the mixtures A and B are showing semiconducting behaviour with band gaps 1.66 and 1.68 eV, respectively. The average crystallite sizes of these nano‐complex mixtures are 35.29 and 30.94 nm and these were calculated using the Debye‐Scherrer equation and Williamson‐Hall method.