Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Machine Learning Techniques for the Analysis of National Bridge Inventory and Bridge Element Data

The MAP-21 Act requires information on bridge assets to be at the element level for management operations in the U.S.A. This approach has the objective of improving future predictions of the performance of bridge assets for a more precise evaluation of condition and correct allocation of management funds to keep bridges in a good state of repair. Although bridge element conditions were introduced in the 1990s, the application of such data had never been mandatory for bridge asset management until 2014, therefore, the amount of historical data on bridge element (BE) condition is still limited. On the other hand, National Bridge Inventory (NBI) ratings have been collected since the 1970s and a wide range of data are available. Therefore, it is natural to ask whether BE condition can be predicted using NBI data. In the past, researchers statistically related BE and NBI data, but little has been done to revert NBI to BE. This paper addresses both challenges of mapping BE–NBI condition data using several machine learning techniques. The results of the analysis of these techniques applied to a sample of about 9,000 bridges from northeastern states of the U.S.A. shows that between 79.8% and 100% of the NBI ratings for deck, superstructure, and substructure can be predicted within a rating error of ± 1. The back-mapping operation of NBI time-dependent ratings to BE deterioration profiles for deck, superstructure, and substructure can also be predicted accurately with a probability greater than 50% at the 95% confidence level.
AUV Adaptive Sampling Methods: A Review

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are unmanned marine robots that have been used for a broad range of oceanographic missions. They are programmed to perform at various levels of autonomy, including autonomous behaviours and intelligent behaviours. Adaptive sampling is one class of intelligent behaviour that allows the vehicle to autonomously make decisions during a mission in response to environment changes and vehicle state changes. Having a closed-loop control architecture, an AUV can perceive the environment, interpret the data and take follow-up measures. Thus, the mission plan can be modified, sampling criteria can be adjusted, and target features can be traced. This paper presents an overview of existing adaptive sampling techniques. Included are adaptive mission uses and underlying methods for perception, interpretation and reaction to underwater phenomena in AUV operations. The potential for future research in adaptive missions is discussed.
Research frame work at LACCOST, UFPE, Brazil

After finishing PhD sandwich (Rodrigo) under co-supervision of Professor Bernhard Heck in 2010 at GIK (Geodetic Institute of Geodesy) KIT, new ideas came true to start a laboratory of research dedicated to coastal studies (LACCOST) at Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil. Also the contact made at GIK with Professor Joseph Awange spreading his ideas about “Environmental Geodesy” add latter an international cooperation with Curtin University, Australia, improving this team and including beside coastal related studies researches with spatial geodesy as background to support questions about the environment, using Brazil and South America as study case. The objectives of this paper is firstly to thank Professor Heck for keeping always looking for international cooperation with naturally become an example and model to follow up and his incredible skills to support researches all over the world. Secondly propagate what has been the topic of master’s students showing researches under development at this laboratory.
Oversampling Synchronous Envelope Detection for Resolver-to-Digital Conversion

In software-based resolver-to-digital conversion, it is necessary to detect the sinusoidal and cosinusoidal envelopes from the amplitude-modulated resolver signals in advance. The synchronous peak sampling method is usually used. However, the sampling frequency is limited by the excitation frequency in this method, which may lead to large quantization errors in the detected envelopes. To solve this problem, an oversampling synchronous envelope detection method is proposed in this article. First, the resolver signals are sampled at multiple fixed phase angles within each excitation period by synchronous oversampling. Second, the oversampled resolver signals are divided into multiple envelope pairs for normalization and correction. Finally, the calibrated envelope pairs are integrated into a complete pair of sinusoidal and cosinusoidal envelopes of the angular position. Thus, the envelope detection of resolver signals is implemented. Compared with the synchronous peak sampling, the proposed method can effectively reduce the quantization errors of the detected envelopes and the measurement accuracy of the rotor angular position can be further improved. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Load-Independent LCC-Compensated Wireless Power Transfer System for Multiple Loads With a Compact Coupler Design

This article proposes a novel wireless power transfer (WPT) system for multiple loads. Multiple coils are used as power repeaters to enhance the power transfer capability over a long distance and each power repeater corresponds to a load. The inductor-capacitor-capacitor (LCC) compensation method is used for each repeater coil in the system, which ensures load-independent currents flowing through the loads. Thus, flexible power control can be achieved for all the loads without affecting each other. In order to save space, the compensation coil is integrated with the repeater coil to realize a compact design. Bipolar coils are used for both the repeater coil and compensation coil. The undesirable coupling coefficient between the repeater coil and its compensation coil can be eliminated by putting them perpendicularly. The compensation coil is not only used to achieve resonant condition for the system, but also transfers energy to the next repeater coil via the magnetic coupling between them. The operational principle has been explained in detail. An experiment platform with six loads has been built and the experimental results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed WPT repeater system. The maximum efficiency can reach 86.6%.
Water Cold Plates for Efficient Cooling: Verified on a Permanent-Magnet Machine With Concentrated Winding

The requirement for electrical machines with high power/torque density has stimulated the development of high efficient cooling systems to dissipate the heat within the machines. This article presents a new water cooling topology for thermal management of a permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with concentrated windings. The advanced cooling configuration consists of several water cold plates radially inserted into the core laminations. Therefore, the heat sources in laminations and windings are close to the coolant. Three-dimensional electromagnetic finite-element analysis and the computational fluid dynamics are used to evaluate the performance of the PMSM. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed cooling configuration, one PMSM with the proposed cooling configuration and the other with the regular water jacket (WJ) are designed and built under the similar sizes and specifications. The simulated and tested results show that the winding temperature can be reduced by over 20 °C using this cooling technique compared to using the WJ at the rated condition.
Lyapunov-Based Thermal Fault Diagnosis of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries

With the continuous improvement of lithium-ion batteries in energy and power density, their safety and reliability concern is becoming increasingly urgent for energy storage systems. Thermal faults are one of the most critical faults in lithium-ion batteries that must be diagnosed in real time, because they can be potentially catastrophic. Motivated by this fact, a diagnostic algorithm is presented in this article to diagnose several thermal faults in cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, including heat generation fault and thermal parameter fault. This diagnostic algorithm is based on an electrothermal-coupled model describing both electrical and thermal dynamic behaviors of batteries. A Lyapunov-based battery internal resistance estimator is proposed to describe the dynamics of the surface and the core temperature of a battery cell, because the heat generation caused by the electrical loss is highly dependent on battery resistance. An observer-based fault detection framework is then established based on surface temperature measurements and resistance estimates, where stability and convergence are guaranteed by Lyapunov direct method. Furthermore, the adaptation law of fault evaluation threshold is designed to suppress modeling and measurement uncertainties. Simulation studies are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and diagnosis algorithm.
Is M-Learning a Challenge?: Students Attitudes Toward the Sustainable Learning and Performance

Over the last few years, students' learning methods have changed considerably from traditional techniques to e-learning and m-learning. Indeed, mobile learning (m-learning) is a technology that has advanced quickly without creating any limitations on time and place, to deliver electronic learning (e-learning) with the use of personal electronics. Studies that emphasize the use of m-learning in educational institutions are surfacing. This study looks at the advanced techniques of m-learning and examines students' attitudes toward the use and implementation of m-learning techniques for the sustainability of learning. The results are based on a survey conducted with 253 students at various universities in terms of their attitudes toward and perceptions of m-learning techniques as a supplement to traditional learning methods. This study followed and checked the academic details of each student to ascertain the impact of m-learning techniques. The findings suggest that it is essential to design m-learning so that the material to be taught inside and outside the classroom is known.
Enhancing the out-of-plane behaviour of unreinforced masonry walls under impact loading through the use of partially bonded layers of engineered cementitious composite

Published experimental work reveals that the out-of-plane behaviour of unreinforced masonry walls under impact loading can be significantly enhanced through the use of engineered cementitious composite layers fully bonded to the surface of the masonry. The disadvantage of this method is associated with the localised cracking exhibited by the engineered cementitious composite layer close to the joints forming between bricks. This cracking is associated with the bond developing between the masonry and the engineered cementitious composite layer and does not allow the latter layer to achieve its full potential, thus resulting in its premature failure. In an attempt to address this problem, a series of drop-weight tests were carried on masonry prismatic specimens strengthened with a layer of engineered cementitious composite partially bonded to the surface of the masonry acting in tension. The latter prismatic specimens consist of a stack of bricks connected with mortar joints. The specimens are considered to provide a simplistic representation of a vertical strip of a masonry wall subjected to out-of-plane actions associated with impact or blast loading. Analysis of the test data reveals that under impact loading, the specimens retrofitted with partially bonded engineered cementitious composite layers can exhibit a more ductile performance compared to that exhibited by the same specimens when strengthened with fully bonded layers of engineered cementitious composite. This is attributed to the fact that along its unbonded length, the engineered cementitious composite layer is subjected to purely uniaxial tension (free from any interaction with the surface of the masonry), allowing for the development of multiple uniformly distributed fine cracks.
Efficient algebraic solution for elliptic target localisation and antenna position refinement in multiple‐input–multiple‐output radars

In this study, an algebraic closed-form method for jointly locating the target and refining the antenna positions in multiple-input-multiple-output radar systems is proposed. First, a set of linear equations is formed by non-linear transformation and nuisance parameters elimination, and then, an estimate of the target position is obtained by employing a weighted least-squares estimator. To jointly refine the target and antenna positions, the associated error terms are estimated in the sequence. The proposed method is shown analytically and confirmed by simulations to attain the Cramer-Rao lower bound performance under small-error conditions. Numerical simulations are given to support the theoretical developments.
ONLINE SIGNATURE VERIFICATION SYSTEM ON MOBILE DEVICES FOR EFFECTIVE AND SECURE BIOMETRIC

Handwritten signature is that the most generally accepted biometric to biometric identification. The projected on-line written signature verification system consists principally of 3 phases: Signal preprocessing, feature extraction, and have matching. Steps for confirming on-line written signature during this system begin with extracting dynamic knowledge (x and y positions) of points that forming the signature. Pen-movement angles and speed square measure then derived from pen position knowledge. To scale back variations in pen-position and pen-movement angles spatial property, knowledge is normalized. Options of the signature will be extracted victimization projected feature extraction methodology. Such as each signature a novel feature are extracted and this can be amount victimization quantization step size vector. To verify the check signature Manhattan distance (score) are taken between the check signature and therefore the reference signature. If score is a smaller amount than the predefined threshold then the check signature same is claimed to be real signature and if score is over the predefined threshold then it's said to be cast signature.
Identification of Shear Modulus Reduction and Damping Curve for Deep and Shallow Sites: Kik-Net Data

ABSTRACT Study aims at selecting the suitable shear modulus reduction and damping curve for broad classification of soil, i.e., rock, gravel, sand, and clay. For this purpose, surface and bedrock ground motion recordings from KiK-Net downhole array for both deep and shallow soil sites have been used. Total stress one-dimensional non-linear site-response analysis has been carried out by varying the available curves for a corresponding soil type. Input parameters for few curves have been determined using parametric study. Linear mixed-effect models on residuals from predicted and recorded surface spectra have been used in suggesting the suitable curve for corresponding soil.
IO Bound Property: A System Perspective Evaluation & Behavior Trace of File System

: File systems have been mostly benchmarked as per the application perspective. This approach hides all the underlying complexities of the system including the actual I/O being done with the secondary storage device like magnetic disk. The IO bound property of a file system is necessarily to be evaluated because the most dominant performance limiting factor of a file system is its I/O operation with secondary storage device. This IO bound property of file system dictates the quantity and frequency of IO that a file system does with secondary storage device. In this paper, we argue system perspective of file system benchmarks and develop a benchmark to evaluate some common disk file systems for IO bound property. The goal of this paper is to better understand the behavior of file systems and unveil the low level complexities faced by file
Incorporating Virtual Metrology Into Failure Prediction

In the semiconductor manufacturing process, wafer fabrication is followed by a wafer test, which filters out defective dies by performing several physical inspections. Only dies that pass the wafer test are used in an assembly and final test. However, a few of them eventually fail the final test as well. We address this issue by formulating a die-level failure prediction problem, focusing on utilizing the sampling inspections in the wafer test, which are performed only for a few sampled dies. Here, we propose a joint prediction model that simultaneously performs both virtual metrology and failure prediction tasks based on a multi-task learning scheme. The proposed model incorporates the virtual metrology task as missing value imputation for non-sampled dies to improve the failure prediction task. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model by evaluating it on real-world data from a semiconductor manufacturer.
Islanding detection method of multi‐port photovoltaic DC micro grid based on harmonic impedance measurement

DC Grid does not transmit reactive power, nor does it offer frequency and phase issues. This results in malfunction of conventional islanding detection methods (IDMs) that rely on the above quantities. At present, the DC IDMs proposed in literatures are mostly active power injection methods based on DC/DC converters. However, in a multi-photovoltaic (PV) DC system, the synchronization of the injection of converters is difficult to guarantee, which may lead to detection failure. This paper proposes an impedance measurement IDM for multi-PV DC micro grid based on the analysis of high-frequency impedance model of power electronic devices. The impedance of DC converters is constant at high frequency and the harmonic impedance of the system changes significantly after islanding, so that islanding operation can be accurately detected. The harmonic impedance change directly reflects the structural changes of the system, and its calculation requires less disturbance intensity, which avoids the requirement of synchronous injection. Therefore, the method uses a DC/DC converter for injection, without the need for additional injection equipment. The method has little influence on power quality and theoretically has no none detection zone. Simulation results show that the method can perform accurately islanding detection in multi-PV DC micro grid.
Temporal Focusing Effects of Time-Reversal Frequency Diverse Array Antenna

Omnidirectional or the phased-array antenna is usually adopted in the time-reversal literature, but it cannot focus the power of the transmitted signals in both time- and space-domains. In this letter, we propose the hybridization of time reversal and frequency diverse array (FDA), which transmits the signal with a small frequency offset across the array to generate both angle- and range-dependent beampattern, for temporal focusing. The time-reversal FDA channel is modeled in multipath scenarios. For the given parameters with 12 transmit elements spaced by half-wavelength, carrier frequency <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\,$</tex-math></inline-formula>GHz, and frequency offset <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\,$</tex-math></inline-formula>kHz, the peak of time-reversal FDA focusing is <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$18.7\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> higher than that of a standard FDA. Both theoretic analysis and simulation results verify that, while maintaining FDA angular-time periodicity, the FDA range periodicity is eliminated and the energy is focused at the target position by the use of time-reversal processing.
Path-following control by dynamic virtual terrain field for articulated steer vehicles

This paper proposes a novel path-following control algorithm for articulated steer vehicles (ASV) by dynamic virtual terrain field (VTF) method. The altitude function of VTF, with robustness in fitting different working conditions, is adapted for the derivation of target steering wheel angle. Prior to the development of the controller, the nonlinear ASV model coupling with a full-hydraulic steering system is verified by real test and Adams/View software simulation. To get a precise path-following result, the sideslip angle is considered and controlled by ‘direct sideslip control’ and ‘road roll control’. The function of VTF is established and divided into primary and dynamic terrain field reference to the parameter variabilities. According to the vehicle dynamics model and the tire forces generated from the vehicle inclination on virtual terrain, the target articulation angle composed of the main angle and compensatory angle is derived. Simulations of path-following control at different road conditions, together with other types of controllers, are conducted and compared to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed path-following control algorithm.
Critical and gaussian fluctuations in superconducting oxides

Abstract We discuss the transport properties of high-Tc cuprates as resulting from a two-step transition: a superconducting intragranular transition at T cs and an intergrandular coherence transition at Tc < T cs. The first one can be described by mean-field theory, while the second one displays scaling properties characteristic of critical phenomena. A variety of behaviours are predicted and found for the maximum supercurrent at T < Tc . Critical phase fluctuations typical of granular systems account for the excess conductivity at T ≳ Tc . The rounding of the resistive transition at T ≳ Tcs can be explained by small (gaussian) fluctuations of the order parameter amplitude, once the role of granularity is taken into account. We also propose an explanation for the apparently intrinsic granularity of superconducting oxides.
A Multiport Power Electronic Transformer Based on Modular Multilevel Converter and Mixed-Frequency Modulation

Power electronic transformer (PET) is a key apparatus in smart grid system, due to the advantages of power controllability and ac/dc grids interconnection. The four-stage PETs have multiple output ports, good controllability, and flexibility, but are limited by multiple power conversion stages, complex structure, and low efficiency. Therefore, a novel modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based PET topology with mixed-frequency modulation is proposed to reduce the power conversion stage. The power decoupling circuits are designed to realize multiple output ports, including medium voltage ac (MVAC) port, medium voltage dc (MVDC) port, and low voltage dc (LVDC) port. The equivalent circuit and controllability of proposed PET are analyzed. The proposed PET topology provides the same multiple output ports by only three power conversion stages, therefore, the PET structure is simplified. In addition, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of proposed PET.
Modeling and Analysis of Electro-Thermal Impact of Crosstalk Induced Gate Oxide Reliability in Pristine and Intercalation Doped MLGNR Interconnects

This work presents the electro-thermal analysis of crosstalk effects in pristine (undoped) and intercalation doped multilayer graphene nanoribbon interconnects (MLGNRs). A temperature dependent distributed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T-$ </tex-math></inline-formula>network model of MLGNR interconnects has been developed for analyzing the crosstalk induced effects. Further, a temperature-aware gate oxide reliability model has been proposed to compute the crosstalk induced overshoot/undershoot impact on ultra-thin gate oxide for CMOS devices in terms of failure-in-time (FIT) for side-contact (SC) pristine as well as top-contact (TC) Arsenic pentafluoride (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$AsF_{5}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), Ferric chloride (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$FeCl_{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and Lithium (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Li$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) intercalation doped and undoped MLGNR interconnects. Subsequently, comparisons with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Cu$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-based interconnects are made over a range of chip operating temperature from 233K to 450K.