Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Waiting Line with Interrupted Service, Including Priorities

SUMMARY A single-server system with stationary compound Poisson input and general independent service times, the latter being subject to random interruptions of independently but otherwise arbitrarily distributed durations, is studied. For a variety of service-interruption interactions (including the preemptiverepeat) the distributions of busy period duration, of queue length, and of waiting time are characterized by transforms and by moments. Applications are made to priority scheduling problems. MANY situations in which waiting lines develop are characterized by the occurrence of interruptions in customer service. Such interruptions may be caused by breakdowns of a machine that provides service, for example, an electronic computer. Also, if certain customers are assigned priority, then the appearance of one of these may bring about an interruption in the servicing of low-priority customers. In practice it would not be surprising to find systems that experience interruptions of both sorts. In this paper we consider the effect of service interruptions upon a waiting-line process of the following kind: customers appear in accordance with a stationary compound Poisson process (i.e. bunches of customers arrive randomly), and are served in turn by a single facility. The basic customer servicing times are independently, identically, but otherwise arbitrarily, distributed. Interruptions appear at random, in the sense that, if the system is currently free of interruption, the time until the next interruption occurs is exponentially distributed. Interruption durations are identically, independently and arbitrarily distributed. Without interruptions the process described has been discussed by Gaver (1959); the present paper is an adaptation of the approach of the latter paper to the needs of the interruption problem. Previous treatments of similar problems, emphasizing priorities, have been given by Cobham (1954), Stephan (1956), Kesten and Runnenberg (1957), White and Christie (1958), Morse (1958, Chapter 9) and Miller (1960). The influence of service interruptions upon waiting-line behaviour cannot be investigated without specifying in detail the interaction between the interruption process and the service process. Throughout the present paper it will be assumed that all interruptions occurring during a particular customer's service period must take effect during, or immediately after, that period. Thus interruptions may be preemptive, summarily breaking in upon a service in progress, or postponable to the end of that period, but not beyond. If interruptions are preemptive it may be possible to resume service from the point at which interruption took place when the interruption is cleared; such an interaction (between service and interruption) is called
Effects of the phase locked loop on the stability of a voltage source converter in a weak grid environment

Distributed generation is characterized as a form of generation that is not directly connected to the bulk transmission grid. It is usually connected via power electronic devices if it is a renewable resource, in this case in the form of a voltage source converter (VSC) operating as an inverter (converting DC-to-AC). The grid impedance connected to the VSC has an influence on its stability and control performance. By looking at the output impedance of the VSC, the stability can be determined in relation to the impedance of the grid connection. A number of parameters influence the output impedance of a VSC, one of those being the control scheme used and the phase-locked loop (PLL) contained within it. The control parameters of the PLL can be adjusted to manipulate the location of the calculated poles and zeros of the open loop output impedance of the VSC. These parameters are the gains of the loop filter, Kp and Ki. Under certain short circuit ratio (SCR) values, having large PLL gain parameters can cause the VSC to become unstable. While a large SCR will be unaffected by the PLL gains, a smaller SCR is more susceptible to PLL gains that are too large. By accounting for the effects of the PLL in the output impedance, it can be found what PLL gains are considered too large for certain SCR values. A large enough grid impedance can destabilize the VSC and, therefore, cause the renewable generation to be disconnected and unused. Ideally, the output impedance of the VSC will be large. This work analyzes the effect of the PLL on the output impedance of the VSC and ultimately the stability and control performance based on different grid impedances.
Predictive Framework for Imbalance Dataset

The purpose of this research is to seek and propose a new predictive maintenance framework which can be used to generate a prediction model for deterioration of process materials. Real yield data which was obtained from Fuji Electric Malaysia has been used in this research. The existing data pre-processing and classification methodologies have been adapted in this research. Properties of the proposed framework include; developing an approach to correlate materials defects, developing an approach to represent data attributes features, analyzing various ratio and types of data re-sampling, analyzing the impact of data dimension reduction for various data size, and partitioning data size and algorithmic schemes against the prediction performance. Experimental results suggested that the class probability distribution function of a prediction model has to be closer to a training dataset; less skewed environment enable learning schemes to discover better function F in a bigger Fall space within a higher dimensional feature space, data sampling and partition size is appear to proportionally improve the precision and recall if class distribution ratios are balanced. A comparative study was also conducted and showed that the proposed approaches have performed better. This research was conducted based on limited number of datasets, test sets and variables. Thus, the obtained results are applicable only to the study domain with selected datasets. This research has introduced a new predictive maintenance framework which can be used in manufacturing industries to generate a prediction model based on the deterioration of process materials. Consequently, this may allow manufactures to conduct predictive maintenance not only for equipments but also process materials. The major contribution of this research is a step by step guideline which consists of methods/approaches in generating a prediction for process materials.
MEDIUM VOLTAGE LOAD BREAK SWITCH WITH AIR AS INTERRUPTING MEDIUM

Compact load break switches (LBSs) are common inside compact substations, and other places in the medium voltage distribution system where space is a limiting factor. SF6 is usually applied as interruption and insulation gas due to its excellent electrical characteristics. However, because of its strong greenhouse gas potential, other more environmentally benign gases, like air, are of interest to the industry. Current interruption is a complex process, and optimising the design of a medium voltage LBS is difficult. When using air instead of SF6, optimisation with regard to size is important, since larger equipment will not fit in many existing installation sites. Due to the superior properties of SF6, little research has been done on using air as interrupting gas in LBSs, and good simulation tools for design optimisation are yet to be developed. This master thesis concerns current interruption in air at load currents with different nozzle and contact geometries, and investigates how the air flow is affected by these parameters. Furthermore, the possibility to use the arcing voltage as a parameter in the development of a simulation tool for predicting the outcome of an interruption is also examined. A high-speed camera has been used to film the interruption to more thoroughly understand the impact the air flow has on the arc. This report consists mainly of experimental work conducted with a test switch and laboratory designed for parameter studies, and with test conditions similar to those used for product testing. The results from current interruption testing show that the minimum upstream over-pressure needed to successfully interrupt the current varies for different currents and nozzle geometries. For the 24 kV / 630 A tests, a threshold value for obtaining successful interruptions seems to be 0.3 bar over-pressure, while at 880 A an over-pressure of at least 0.4 bar is required for the tested geometries. The arcing voltage was monitored during successful and unsuccessful current interruptions, but no clear difference in the arcing voltage was found between the two outcomes. During interruption testing, steep drops in the arcing voltage have occasionally been observed. By filming the arc it was found that these steep drops most likely were caused by the arc short circuiting itself due to unnecessary elongation.
iPhone SDK Development

Packing the power of desktop applications into a small mobile device, the iPhone SDK offers developers the ability to create dynamic, visually-appealing, and highly-capable mobile applications, using the same APIs and tools that Apple uses for its own applications. However, harnessing that power means learning new tools, new APIs, and even a whole new programming language. iPhone SDK Development is a Pragmatic guide to get you started developing applications for iPhone and iPod touch. With it, you'll get a complete understanding of the tools and techniques needed to succeed on the platform: * Use the XCode IDE to manage your source code, images, sounds, database files, and other application resources, building your app and deploying it onto your own device for testing. * Develop your user interface the visual, code-free way, with Interface Builder. * Master the iPhone's unique user interface components, including tables, tab bars, navigation bars, and the multi-touch interface. * Connect your iPhone to the outside world with networking, exploit the power of a relational database with SQLite, and rock out with first-class support for audio and video. * Make use of the iPhone's unique mobile APIs, like geolocation and the motion-sensing accelerometer * Use XCode's powerful performance and debugging tools to eliminate memory leaks, zombies, and other hazards. * Understand the process for packaging your application for end-user distribution through Apple's App Store. With explanations of the big picture and an eye to the little details that you'll need, _iPhone SDK Development_ will help you succeed on today's most important mobile platform.
The Legal Infrastructure of High Technology Industrial Districts: Silicon Valley, Route 128, and Covenants Not to Compete

A locking device for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine and a fuel injection pump is effective to lock an element of the vehicle necessary for its safe operation, such as the steering column, and to render the vehicle inoperative. Means are provided to preclude the possibility that the steering column or other element be locked while the pump is operative.
An evaluation of Information quality frameworks for the World Wide Web

Over the past few years the amount of data immediately available to the consumer has rapidly increased in size. This is due to the growth of the web as an information exchange and creation environment. Data creation on the Internet is increasing as it gives web publishers the opportunity to publish their content without any standards to govern the content. Although the consumer has access to this abundance of information, the lack of standards has lead to various levels of quality problems. There has been much advancement in Search Engine technology to search through these large amounts of content and to retrieve relevant, quality information. However, not all information returned is relevant to its context and it has become more difficult for the consumer to find quality information due to these information quality issues. Barriers that have been identified with regard to the retrieval of relevant information are the problem of too much information and the quality of that information.This paper therefore address some of the issues of information quality on the web and evaluates a number of frameworks in order to identify common elements, differences and missing elements of such frameworks. A summary of the most common information quality elements is presented as a basis for a more comprehensive view of information quality frameworks available for managing and implementing quality strategies on the web.
SERDP and ESTCP Expert Panel Workshop on Research and Development Needs for the Environmental Remediation Application of Molecular Biological Tools

Abstract : SERDP and ESTCP must determine how their limited research, development and demonstration funds can best be invested to improve DoD's ability to effectively address its requirements to remediate contaminated sites. The objectives of this workshop were to (1) examine the current state of the science and technology of molecular biological tools that are applicable to the cleanup of hazardous waste in the field, (2) assess the current operational usage of such tools and identify technical and other barriers to their use, (3) identify promising areas of research and development that have the potential to lead to improved cost-effective tools to support remedial design and decisions, and (4) identify the most promising areas that are ready for and could benefit from rigorous field-scale demonstrations. This report, which documents the findings and recommendations of workshop participants, will serve as a strategic plan to guide future investments in molecular biological tools that can ultimately improve the design, implementation, monitoring and/or performance assessment of remedial technologies.
SEER II: A New Damage Assessment Fallout Model

Abstract : The purposes of the research are to develop a simplified fallout computational system for use in damage-assessment studies where very large numbers of weapons are used, and to develop a statistical procedure to relate wind variability to fallout pattern variability. The basic requirements of the simplified fallout computational system are that it simulate DELFIC fallout exposure rate contours and DELFIC accumulated exposure doses anywhere within the areas of significant fallout for identical input winds and weapon yield, and that the computer time for exercising the simplified fallout computational system be minimal. The wind variability to be considered was limited to the statistical probability of observing a given vertical wind profile over a given geographical location of any instant in time. Because the original simplified fallout computational system that was developed, Simplified Estimation of Exposure to Radiation (SEER), could not simulate DELFIC output for severely sheared winds, a new model, SEER II, was developed with this capability. The computer computation time required by SEER II on the CDC 6400 computer is approximately 3 seconds for weapon yields in the low kiloton range and 6 seconds for weapon yields in the 10 megaton range per 1200 grid points, which is approximately one-fiftieth to one one-hundredth of the computation time required by DELFIC. The SEER II output simulates DELFIC output reasonably well over a wide range of yields (1 kiloton to 30 megatons), and diverse wind structures.
A Layered Social and Operational Network Analysis

Abstract : To provide maximal disruption to a clandestine/terrorist network's ability to conduct missions, we must develop a means to determine the individuals' importance to the network and operations. In a network centric world, this importance is represented as an additive value of their criticality across the convergence of multiple layers of network connections. The connections layers of the network are comprised of social layers (Acquaintance, Friendship, Nuclear Family, Relatives, Student-Teacher, and Religious Mentors, Reverent Power and others), as well as layers representing interactions involving Resources, Knowledge/Skills and Temporal Local. The social criticality of an individual is measured by centrality. Event Trees and Risk Importance Measures are often used in a system reliability analysis to determine critical elements in the success or failure of operations. The inclusion of time and location importance will be determined by the observation of various group members at that local. The synergy gained from the application of these concepts to terror groups can be used to identify critical locations, resources and knowledge to their operations and can then be attributed to individuals connected to those essential elements. The combination of social and operational criticality can then be used to identify individuals whose removal or influence would disrupt or diminish network operations.
Chitosan biopolymer effect on copper corrosion in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution: Electrochemical and quantum chemical studies

The inhibition of copper corrosion by chitosan biopolymer in 3.5 wt. % NaCl solution was assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and quantum chemical methods. Results obtained show that Chitosan inhibited copper dissolution in the corrosive medium. The adsorption of the studied inhibitor on the metallic surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption model. The inhibition efficiency increased with the inhibitor concentration. From polarization measurements, Chitosan can be classified as mixed-type corrosion inhibitor. The Gibbs free energy of adsorption value revealed that the adsorption process of chitosan is endothermic and mainly by a physisorption mechanism following Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Surface analysis performed using optic microscopy has confirmed the existence of a protective film of chitosan molecules onto copper surface. Moreover, quantum chemical calculations at B3LYP level with 6-31G (d, p) basis set lead to molecular descriptors such as E HOMO (energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital), E LUMO (energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), Δ E (energy gap) and μ (dipole moment). The global reactivity descriptors such as χ (electronegativity),  (global hardness), S (global softness) and ω (electrophilicity index) were derived using Koopman’s theorem and analyzed. The local reactivity parameters, including Fukui functions and dual descriptor were determined and discussed. Experimental and theoretical data were in good agreement.
The Impact of Heterogenous Ultra-dense Network Technologies on the Performance of 4G and 5GNetworks

The flood of applications that demand massive data has imposed a challenge for 5G cellular network in order to deliver high data rates, a better quality of service, and low energy consumption. Heterogenous ultra- dense networks are one of the major technologies to address such challenges. HUDNs play a big role in a cellular system. They deliver cost-effective coverage with low transmit power and high capacty to face the risen data and the high expectations of the user's performance. In this paper, we introduce the impact of small cells on the cellular system and the technologies the small cells utilize to make the cellular system faces the subscriber's demands. First, we discuss the fundamentals of used technologies in small cells. Next, we studied the small cell management. Then, self-organizing networks are studied. After that, we have reviewed the small cell's power consumption, mobility, and handover. Finally, the real-world experience of mm-waves and MIMO in 5G small cells
Protocol for an Experiment on Controlling Motion Sickness Severity in a Ship Motion Simulator

Abstract : This protocol defines a human performance experiment to assess the feasibility of controlling the motions of a ship motion simulator (SMS) to achieve a moderate severity of motion sickness, which is sustainable for a substantial time. For this experiment, motion sickness severity is assessed by both the subject and experimenter, and the definition of substantial time is bounded by the two-hour duration of each subject's exposure to motions in the SMS. The secondary goals of this experiment are to examine methods for assessing the effects of moderate levels of motion sickness severity on: (i) the reliability of subjective assessment of task duration, (ii) the reliability of subjective assessment of problems performing cognitive tasks; and, (iii) to explore techniques for assessing problems with complex decision making.
An Experimental and Numerical Study of Friction Stir Processing using Novel Tool Designs and its Application to Damage Repair

x v i Chapter. 1. General Introduction . 1.1 Friction Stir Welding and Processing . 1.2 Microstructure . 1.3 Material Flow, Strain and Strain-Rate . 1.4 Tool Design . 1.5 FSP of High Melting Temperature Alloys . 1.6 References . 2. Flow Visualization and Estimation of Strain and Strain-Rate During Friction Stir Process . 2.
Multi-use modular dryer for large round hay bales using solar heated air

This paper descries features of a multi-use dryer using solar heated air being built at the Middle Tennessee Experiment Station of the Institute of Agriculture, The University of Tennessee. An effocient, high-volume air handling system, including a rationally designed air-discharge pattern within the bale, was emphasized in the design. Features permiting ready multiple use of the favility are described.
Detecting distributed Denial-of-Service attacks and Flash Events

This thesis investigates and develops techniques for accurately detecting Internet-based Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks where an adversary harnesses the power of thousands of compromised machines to disrupt the normal operations of a Web-service provider, resulting in significant down-time and financial losses. This thesis also develops methods to differentiate these attacks from similar-looking benign surges in web-traffic known as Flash Events (FEs). This thesis also addresses an intrinsic challenge in research associated with DDoS attacks, namely, the extreme scarcity of public domain datasets (due to legal and privacy issues) by developing techniques to realistically emulate DDoS attack and FE traffic.
Very high Performance and Reliable 60GHz GaAs PHEMT MMIC Technology

A successful development of a very high performance and reliable 0. 1μm power PHEMT MMIC technology is reported. An output power as high as 550mW (0.46W/mm) with 23.5% power added efficiency has been demonstrated and a mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) of 1x10hours at a channel temperature of 120oC has also been projected from the MMIC at 60GHz. The developed solidstate power amplifier (SSPA) technology, for the first time, supports the crosslink applications at V-band – the area dominated by TWTAs at all power levels except at a few watts and below where IMPATT diodes have been used.