Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid composition of the digestive glands of Mytilus edulis and Carcinus maenas in response to pollutant gradients

In field s tuhes for the GEEP Workshop in Langesundfjord. Norway, changes in lipid content and lipid : protein ratios of digestive glands of Mytilus edulis and Carcinus maenas were reflected along the pollution gradient, with populations of M. edulis showing elevations in both parameters at the 3 most contaminated Sites (2, 3 and 4) in comparison to the reference site (l), and populations of C. maenas showing elevations only at Site 3. In mesocosm experiments only M. edulis from the high dose basin showed elevationsin lipid content and lipid : protein ratios; C. maenasin the medium dose basin showed a decrease in both parameters. Analysis of lipid class composition for field and mesocosm samples of M. edulis reveal differences in response to contaminant gradients that reflect alterations in mobilization of triacylglycerols to phospholipid pools, reductions in phospholipid content, and nutritional condition. Changes in lipid class distributions of M. edulis from both field and mesocosm experiments correlate well with body burden data for tissue concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons and/or polychlorinated biphenyls. Lipid class dstributions of field samples of C. maenasindicate alterations in the mobilization of triacylglycerols, sterol turnover, and reductions in phospholipid content. The responses, which suggest that crabs from Site 3 are the most impacted, are not consistent with contaminant data from the field sites. Crabs from mesocosm expenments show no evidence of alterations in lipid class distribution in spite of a consistent trend in aromatic hydrocarbon tissue concentrations along the gradient. Differential responses of field and mesocosm populations of M edulis and C. rnaenas are possibly the result of metabolic capacity for detoxification and differences in trophic transfer.
Automatic Detection of Epileptogenic Video Content

Epilepsy is a disease that affects around 50 million people worldwide, 3-5% of which had seizures triggered by luminance flashes or spatial patterns on images or videos. Visual contents with notorious variations of luminance in short time intervals enhance the occurrence of seizures on viewers. Symmetrical patterns, including striped patterns or concentric circles, with sharp variations of luminance in its components, are also enhancers of seizures. Given the fact that often patients with photosensitive epilepsy are not aware of their condition until the triggering of an attack, it is necessary to make a risk analysis to digital content before it is distributed or displayed. Based on studies carried out by experts, studies that later led to the elaboration of international standards, we purpose two algorithms for automatic detection of epileptogenic visual contents: one for flash detection compliance with ITU-R BT. 17702; and a second one to detect and estimate the risk related to the presence of simple geometric patterns (stripes, circular, chess, etc.). To complement the risk analysis, a graphical interface was developed allowing the user to graphically verify the parts of the video that may endanger the viewers. A careful review of the literature was made, including clinical studies and international regulations, intending to demonstrate the importance of developing evaluation tools for epileptogenic visual contents.
Strengths and potential of the SP theory of intelligence in general, human-like artificial intelligence

This paper first defines general, human-like artificial intelligence (GHLAI) in terms of five principles. In the light of the definition, the paper summarises the strengths and potential of the SP theory of intelligence and its realisation in the SP computer model, outlined in an appendix, in three main areas: the versatility of the SP system in aspects of intelligence; its versatility in the representation of diverse kinds of knowledge; and its potential for the seamless integration of diverse aspects of intelligence and diverse kinds of knowledge, in any combination. There are reasons to believe that a mature version of the SP system may attain full GHLAI in diverse aspects of intelligence and in the representation of diverse kinds of knowledge.
Optimization of the design of air quality monitoring networks and its application to NO2 and O3 in Seville, Spain

Air quality monitoring networks are used in order to obtain objective, reliable and comparable information on the air quality of a specific area. This makes it possible to take the requisite measures to protect the environment, to assess the results of such actions and to ensure that the public is properly informed about the state of the air quality. The approval and publication of Council Directive 1996/62/EC (1996) on ambient air quality assessment and management and its daughter directives, 1999/30/EC (1999), 2000/69/EC (2000), 2002/3/EC (2002) and 2004/107/EC (2005), gave rise to an important change in air quality monitoring systems in Europe. Recently, in the interests of clarity, simplification and administrative efficiency, the above-mentioned European directives were replaced by the single Directive 2008/50/EC (2008) on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe with no change to existing air quality objectives for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3). With the aim of being as up-to-date as possible, references to the law will be made to Directive 2008/50/EC (2008). The present work describes a new method to design or optimize air quality networks, particularly to monitor nitrogen dioxide and ozone in compliance with the legislation. The proposed method consists of four steps for choosing the best locations for the monitoring stations: (1) preliminary evaluation; (2) sampling campaigns with passive diffusion samplers; (3) spatial interpolation; (4) selection of best locations for the monitoring stations. The first step in the optimization process is the preliminary evaluation of air quality based on historical data. This evaluation makes it possible to establish the minimum number and characteristics of the stations needed in each zone as set forth in Directive 2008/50/EC (2008). The location of the monitoring stations depends on the distribution of the contamination levels of pollutants, as the stations need to record representative levels for the entire zone. The second step of the method consists of sampling campaigns with a large number of diffusive samplers to determine the concentration of nitrogen dioxide and ozone in the 3
A Systematic Review of Usability Challenges and Testing in Mobile Health

Nowadays, the combining of advanced mobile communications and mobile account now in portable devices named "smart phones" has becomes more great uses. Among of these include health care professionals. Few studies in the challenge, blurred reality challenge facing the patient and developer alike in the usability of mobile health. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the usability challenges in mobile health and usability testing. The systematic review was using for collecting the prior studies that relation with our study. This study concentrates on the three digital libraries Google scholar, ACM and IEEE, as well as, the researcher selected the studies between 2007 and 2015. The results from this systematic were selected 11 studies of 106 based on the inclusions criteria. In more details, the usability challenges found that 27% offered User Interface, 22% tasks and screen size, 16% insert media and 13% network. On the other hand, usability use found that, 46% of the selected studies the usability use of formal type of 45% informal and 9% mixed formal and informal. Sum up, the use of smart phones is getting more on health care and day out. Medical applications make smart phones useful tools in the practice of evidence-based medicine at the point of care, in addition to its use in mobile clinical communications. This study will making a contribution to the researchers to extract over the impact of the challenges on usability testing and the types of usability in mobile health.
APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI METHOD FOR OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN ANALYZING THE CUTTING FORCES OF LATHE TURNING OPERATION

A lathe tool dynamometer is a multi-component dynamometer that is used to measure forces during the use of the machine tool. With advancement of technology, machine tool dynamometers are increasingly used for accurate measurement of forces and for optimization of the machining process parameters. The objective of this study is to illustrate the procedure adopted in using Taguchi Method to a lathe turning operation. Depth of cut, Spindle speed, Feed rate and Tool Material were used as the process parameters where as the Cutting force, Feed force and Thrust force are selected as performance characteristics. Orthogonal array based on design of experiments was used to conduct experiments. The degree of influence of each process parameter on individual performance characteristic was analyzed from the experimental results obtained using Taguchi Method with the help of Minitab software. The signal-to-noise ratio and the analysis of variance are employed to study the performance characteristics on turning operation.
Climate Change and the Performance of Pressurized Irrigation Water Distribution Networks under Mediterranean Conditions

Numerous previous studies have modelled the impact of climate change on crop water requirements and hence future water resource needs for irrigated agriculture. Fewer have considered the impacts on the performance of irrigation systems and the required engineering and managerial adaptations. This study considers the impacts and adaptations for a typical pressurized pipe irrigation system. The dry years of the baseline period (1970–90) in the southern part of Italy are expected to become the average or even wet year by the 2050s, according to HadCM3 projections. Under these conditions, the large water distribution systems designed to satisfy the baseline dry years will fail unless appropriate engineering or managerial adaptations are made. The resilience of District 8 of the Sinistra Ofanto to the possible future increase in irrigation demand has been assessed. A stochastic weather generator was used to generate future weather under the IPCC A1 and B1 emissions scenarios, taking into consideration the outputs of the HadCM3 model. A daily water balance model was used to quantify the actual and future peak water demand of the district. The reliability of each hydrant under baseline and future demand was calculated using a stochastic hydraulic model and the failure zones identified. Under the current design, the system can tolerate a peak demand discharge up to 1,500 l.s−1, which is below the 2050s' average (1,720 l.s−1). Above that value, the performance of the system will fall drastically as the number of unreliable hydrants will increase. In the future, assuming the same cropping pattern, the threshold discharge (1,500 l.s−1) will be exceeded 80% of the time and, as an average, 20% of the system's hydrants will be failing during the peak demand periods. The adaptation options available to farmers and system managers in response to the increasing demand are discussed.
Shared Medical Appointments: An Intervention for Diabetes Management

4 Introduction.5 Background.5 Problem Statement.7 Review of the Literature.7 Evidence Based Theoretical Framework.10 Goals and Objectives.11 Settings and Resources.13 Methods.13 Participants.13 Materials.14 Design.18 Procedures.19 Facilitators and Barriers.20 Ethics and Human Subjects Protection.21 Data Analysis.21 Results.21 Cost/Benefit Analysis.23 Implications for Practice.25 Strengths.26 Limitations.27 Conclusion.29 SHARED MEDICAL APPOINTMENTS FOR DIABETICS 3 References.30 Appendix.34 Appendix A (Chronic Care Model). 34 Appendix B (SMA Invitation). 35 Appendix C (Diabetes SMART goals). 36 Appendix D (Measurement Tool). 37 SHARED MEDICAL APPOINTMENTS FOR DIABETICS 4
Video Captioning using Hierarchical Multi-Attention Model

Attention mechanism has been widely used on the temporal task of video captioning and has shown promising improvements. However, in the decoding stage, some words belong to visual words have corresponding canonical visual signals, while other words such as "a" and "the" are non-visual words, which require no visual information but text information. Therefore, simply imposing attention on non-visual words may mislead the decoder and decrease the overall performance of video captioning. To tackle this issue, we propose a Hierarchical Multi-Attention Model named HMAM, which uses two independent attention mechanisms to make a soft-selection over frames feature and video attributes respectively, and then integrates another attention model to automatically decide when to rely on the visual signals and when to rely on the text information. Experiments on the benchmark dataset MSVD demonstrates that our method which only uses single feature achieves superior or even better results than the state-of-the-art baselines for video captioning.
Suppressing CMB low multipoles with ISW effect

Recent results of Planck data reveal that the power [1,2] in the low multipoles of the CMB angular power spectrum, approximately up to l = 30, is significantly lower than the theoretically predicted in the best fit ΛCDM model. There are different known physical effects that can affect the power at low multipoles, such as features in the primordial power spectrum (PPS) in some models of inflation and ISW effect. In this paper we investigate the possibility of invoking the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect to explain the power deficit at low multipoles. The ISW effect that originates from the late time expansion history of the universe is rich in possibilities given the limited understanding of the origin of dark energy (DE). It is a common understanding that the ISW effect adds to the power at the low multipoles of the CMB angular power spectrum. In this paper we carry out an analytic study to show that there are some expansion histories in which the ISW effect, instead of adding power, provides negative contribution to the power at low multipoles. Guided by the analytic study, we present examples of the features required in the late time expansion history of the universe that could explain the power deficiency through the ISW effect. We also show that an ISW origin of power deficiency is consistent, at present, with other cosmological observations that probe the expansion history such as distance modulus, matter power spectrum and the evolution of cluster number count. We also show that the ISW effect may be distinguished from power deficit originating from features in the PPS using the measurements of the CMB polarization spectrum at low multipoles expected from Planck. We conclude that the power at low multipoles of the CMB anisotropy could well be closely linked to Dark Energy puzzle in cosmology and this observation could be actually pointing to richer phenomenology of DE beyond the cosmological constant Λ.
Do good and poor readers make use of morphemic structure in English word recognition

The links between oral morphological awareness and the use of derivational morphology are examined in the English word recognition of 8-year-old good and poor readers. Morphological awareness was assessed by a sentence completion task. The role of morphological structure in lexical access was examined by manipulating the presence of embedded words and suffixes in items presented for lexical decision. Good readers were more accurate in the morphological awareness task but did not show facilitation for real derivations even though morpho-semantic information appeared to inform their lexical decisions. The poor readers, who were less accurate, displayed a strong lexicality effect in lexical decision and the presence of an embedded word led to facilitation for words and inhibition for pseudo-words. Overall, the results suggest that both good and poor readers of English are sensitive to the internal structure of written words, with the better readers showing most evidence of morphological analysis.
Self-Organization Experiments for a Neuromorphic Hardware Device

Self-Organization Experiments for a Neuromorphic Hardware Device This thesis presents methods, investigations and experiments aiming at the realization of self-organization experiments on a neuromorphic hardware device. The utilized chip implements a network of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons and spike-timing dependent plasticity in every synapse, operatable with a high speedup factor compared to biological real-time. In order to exploit these features, a self-optimizing winner-take-all architecture is chosen which represents a task with a widely adjustable complexity. Preparatory studies are presented and methods introduced which solve problems on the way towards the winner-take-all implementation in hardware, often utilizing the software simulator NEST. A purely spike-based technique for testing the total conductance of a silicon membrane is proposed and successfully applied in both hardware and NEST. A quality measure for cross-inhibition architectures is defined and utilized for extensive studies on parameters for an appropriate cross-inhibition operation regime in hardware. The self-optimization of a winner-take-all classificator via long-term synaptic plasticity is set up and investigated using the NEST simulator. Remaining technical obstacles which avoid the application of this experiment in hardware are analysed. Most of them are chip inherent and will be addressed by future revisions of the hardware. Selbstorganisationsexperimente für eine Neuromorphe Hardware Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert Methoden, Untersuchungen und Experimente zur Realisierung von Selbstorganisationsexperimenten auf einem neuromorphen Hardwaresystemssystem. Der verwendete Mikrochip implementiert ein Netzwerk von leaky integrateand-fire Neuronen mit Aktionspotential-Intervall-abhängiger Plastizität (STDP) in allen Synapsen. Relativ zur biologischen Echtzeit läuft das System mit stark erhöhter Geschwindigkeit. Um diese Eigenschaften nutzbringend anzuwenden, wird eine selbstoptimierende Winner-Take-All Architektur ausgewählt, deren Komplexität in der Problemstellung über einen großen Bereich skaliert werden kann. Vorbereitende Studien und Methoden zur Lösung von Schwierigkeiten bei der Implementierung dieser Architektur auf der Hardware werden vorgestellt. Hierzu wird häufig der Simulator NEST verwendet. Eine spikebasierte Methode zum Testen der Gesamtkonduktanz einer künstlichen Membran wird vorgestellt, die sowohl auf der Hardware als auch im Simulator NEST verwendet wird. Verbleibende technische Hürden, die die Verwendung dieser Architektur in Hardware vereiteln, werden untersucht. Die meisten sind auf Chipeigenschaften zurück zu führen und werden in späteren Revisionen der Hardware berücksichtigt werden.
An All-Digital Built-in Self-Test Circuit for ADPLLs in 65nm CMOS Technology

This paper presents the design of an all-digital built-in self-test (BIST) circuit for all-digital phase-locked loops (ADPLLs). It measures clock jitter of the ADPLL and tests the PLL function blocks. The BIST circuit does not break the PLL loop. The jitter measurement circuit takes a frequency divider as a timing amplifier to linearly enlarge the input jitter. The vernier ring oscillator-based time-to-digital converter quantizes the jitter into digital codes, and the cycle-controlled delay line generates a self-test clock which avoiding using an external reference clock. The proposed BIST circuit for jitter measurement was implemented with standard cells and fabricated in 65nm CMOS process. The measured jitter error is about 11.32% with input frequency range 100-300MHz.
New Conceptual Design Methodology for a Concentric Heat Integrated Distillation Column (HIDiC)

The concept of Heat Integrated Distillation column (HIDiC) was introduced by Mah et al. (1977) to improve the energy efficiency of distillation processes. The aim of this study is to propose a new conceptual design methodology for concentric HIDiC. Our methodology is based on simulation of the process performed on ProsimPlusTM and found the optimised heat exchange between the two parts of the process. The optimised heat exchange is characterized by the maximum of energy transmissible between the two sections, before the column does not work properly and the simulation does not run. This paper presents the three different steps to achieve the design of the concentric HIDiC for chosen operating conditions. The design procedure and the simulation are carried out for the separation of a binary mixture cyclohexane and n-heptane. In addition to presenting the design results, the energy gain was verified compared to the simulation of a classical distillation column.
CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS AT JEJU ISLAND , KOREA FOR ESTIMATION OF EMISSION FROM EAST ASIA

Ambient concentrations of halogenated compounds have been analyzed every two hours using the “Medusa” cryogenic pre-concentration system with gas chromatograph and mass selective detector (GC-MSD) at Gosan (Jeju Island, Korea) from Nov. 2007. Our analysis results identified country based emission ratios and correlation patterns among measured species. The emissions of these compounds in East Asia estimated by interspecies correlation method account for over ~30% of global emissions, and emphasize the importance of atmospheric measurement in this region.
Neuromorphic Single-Electron Circuit and its Application to Temporal-Domain Neural Competition

We propose neuromorphic single-electron circuits for fundamental neural components in modern spiking neural networks, aiming at implementing artificial neural networks on a single or multi-layer nano-dot array. A unit circuit consists of a pair of single-electron oscillators. Using these unit circuits with coupling capacitors, we designed a single-electron neuron circuit that consists of excitable axons and dendrites, excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and a soma. We present an application of the neuron circuit in an inhibitory neural network, where the neurons compete with each other in the temporal domain.
The Politics of Progressive Income Taxation with Incentive Effects

This paper studies majority voting over quadratic taxation and investigates under which conditions marginal progressivity emerges as a voting outcome. In our model with endogenous income, there is no majority (Condorcet) winning tax schedule. We then investigate less demanding political equilibrium concepts in order to see under which conditions the set of equilibria is composed only of progressive tax functions. We follow three strategies: (i) reduction of the policy space to the tax functions that are ideal for some voter; (ii) elimination of weakly dominated strategies and the use of mixed strategies in a standard Downsian two-party competition game; (iii) assumption that political parties interact repeatedly and care about the size of their majority. Although each approach captures a different aspect of political behavior, they point to the same (simulation-based) conclusion that progressivity is more likely to emerge for most distributions of abilities and that it is actually the only possible voting outcome if the distribution is sufficiently concentrated at the middle.