Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wide-area time-delay robust damping control for power system

This paper presents time-delay robust damping control for inter-area oscillation in power system by using remote signals from wide-area measurement system (WAMS). To ensure satisfactory performance, variations of operating condition and time delay are considered. Design of damping controller is formulated as time-delay output-feedback control problem. Time-delay power system model is constructed by system identification and Pade approximation. Based on the time-delay system model, robust damping controller is designed employing mixed-sensitivity H∞ control theory and pole placement approach in the linear matrix inequality (LMI) framework. This method is applied to design damping controller for prototype power system reinforced with static var compensator (SVC). Damping performance of the controller is examined in the frequency and time domains for various operating scenarios. The controller is found to be effective in damping inter-area oscillation and robust to variations of operating condition and time delay. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial Repeatability of Dynamic Tyre Forces Generated by Heavy Vehicles

Road damage due to heavy vehicles is thought to be dependent on the extent to which lorries in normal traffic apply peak forces to the same locations along the road. A validated vehicle simulation is used to simulate 37 leaf-sprung articulated vehicles with parametric variations typical of vehicles in one weight class in the highway vehicle fleet. The spatial distribution of tyre forces generated by each vehicle is compared with the distribution generated by a reference vehicle, and the conditions are established for which repeated heavy loading occurs at specific points along the road. It is estimated that approximately two-thirds of vehicles in this class (a large proportion of all heavy vehicles) may contribute to a repeated pattern of road loading. It is concluded that dynamic tyre forces are a significant factor influencing road damage, compared to other factors such as tyre configuration and axle spacing.
Projetos de veículos automotores: fatores críticos de sucesso no lançamento

While developing a vehicle project, it is necessary to identify its start-up critical success factors. This research is intended to validate the factors identified through Porter's prognostics for new product launching and/or through studies from Daniel and Rockart for the American automotive industry along the years 60-80. The theoretical referential used in this research were Rockart's critical success factors, and Porter's life cycle model. Having the existing literature about the subject and prognostic deductions as start points for this study, five critical success factors have been identified and validated through research and a questionnaire applied in two automaker plants in the Southern State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Identification of Transverse Crack in Beam like Structure Using PSO

The current proposed method has been developed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. A single transverse open edge crack on a beam structure has been modeled using local flexibility matrix to determine natural frequencies. The PSO is a population based; bio-inspired evolutionary optimization algorithm that has been implemented for detection of crack. The frequencies obtained from analytical method have been used to train the PSO to get the desired output such as; relative crack depth and relative crack location. Mathematical modeling of the cracked beam structure is being done to ensure the integrity of the above algorithms. The results from the PSO show that both the size and location of the crack can be predicted efficiently through the proposed PSO.
Modelling the reliability of SPICE based assessments

An area of major investigation in the SPICE trials is the reliability of assessments. In particular, their evaluation and improvement. Previous reliability studies in the trials have focused on evaluating reliability. In this paper we report on a study that focused on generating recommendations for improving the reliability of assessments through the construction of a model. The study attempted to identify factors that have an impact on reliability. Using data from three assessments, we constructed a model that explains some of the variation in the reliability of assessments. The two factors considered were the capability of processes and when ratings were made during an assessment (other factors such as assessor experience were held constant). Our model suggests that future assessment processes should have two contiguous phases in order to increase reliability. The first phase focuses only on data collection. During the second phase, ratings are made.
Friction Characteristics of RBD Palm Olein Using Four-Ball Tribotester

In this study, the effect of load on the tribological performance of RBD palm olein is investigated using a four-ball wear tester according to the standard test of ASTM D4172. Tests were conducted with 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg normal loads. The experimental temperature and rotational speed were held constant at 75 °C and 1200 rpm, respectively. The test duration was 60 minutes in all cases. For each load, the tribological properties of RBD palm olein were compared with the properties of additive-free paraffinic mineral oil. The results focused on the frictional torque, wear scar diameter, friction coefficient and the flash temperature. Following the completion of the wear test experiments, the ball wear condition and lubricant properties were observed. These results show that RBD palm olein has a lower coefficient of friction than paraffinic mineral oil; however showed a high oxidation effect under high temperature work conditions.
Vibration monitoring with high frequency response based on coherent phase-sensitive OTDR method

A coherent phase-sensitive OTDR system to detect distributed weak vibration is reported via heterodyne detection combined with moving averaging and moving differential signal processing. The location and high frequency response of weak vibration signal, such as pencil-break vibration which would match the characteristics of crack as a source of an acoustic emission signals, are easily monitored. Our experimental results show that spatial resolution of vibration is about 5m with 50 ns pump pulses, and the signal to noise ratio could be up to 6.5 dB. Also the frequency response could be up to 1 KHz. Both consecutive multiple events at the same location and multiple simultaneous events at different location with frequency components are identified which means our vibration testing system could be used for distributed multiple vibration events detection.
Studies on the Screening of Fixing agent for Deposit Control of ONP Stock

A new testing method named pitch deposit tester (PDT) was developed by KRICT in order to evaluate the deposit potential of micro-stickies. The new method involves depositing the potential pitch particles on the air bubble covered plastic film set in the pitch deposit tester (PDT) and analysing the deposited area by an image analyzer. In this study, the effect of fixing agents on potential pitch deposition was elucidated. The effects of some fixing agents (polyamine and polyethyleneimine) on pitch control were investigated by the PDT test of 100% recycled newsprint stock. The study suggested that proper use of the PEI can lead to better pitch control than that of polyamine. The efficiency of novel screening method using the PDT and retention and drainage analyser (RDA) for fixing agents in terms of retention and deposit contamination could be confirmed by above mentioned results.
A CMOS R-2R ladder digital-to-analog converter and its characterization

A digital-to-analog (D/A) converter based on the R-2R ladder is first analyzed in terms of the power consumption, to point out that the current-mode is the lowest power dissipation counter-part of the voltage-mode. The integral nonlinearity (INL) analysis and the characterization methods of the current-mode D/A converter are then presented to identify the error sources. The methods are applied to an 8-bit D/A converter fabricated using 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process. Measured results compared with INL analysis indicate that the dominant error source of a prototype converter is the resistance of the metal interconnect between the ladder and the bonding pad, and INL of the ladder itself is 1.2 LSB.
An automatic pipeline monitoring system using sound information

In modern cities most pipelines such as those for oil, gas, and water supply networks are buried underground. In order to prevent these lifeline infrastructures from being broken accidentally, monitoring systems are becoming indispensable. Recent reports show that most pipeline damage is caused by third‐party activities. In this paper, a novel automatic pipeline monitoring system is proposed in order to prevent accidental third‐party damage. In this study, potential threat to pipeline integrity is recognized by detecting the existence of road cutters, which actually prelude ground construction. Sound recognition technologies are used to identify road cutters by sound, which can easily be captured by small sensors installed along the pipelines. A pattern classification method based on the Mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) feature is used in this study to identify cutter sounds. The location of the potential threat can be well detected by knowing which sensor is sounding an alarm and relevant measures can then be expediently executed. Experiments were conducted and the resulting data were analyzed. Results showed that cutters can be effectively recognized by the MFCC distance. This pipeline monitoring system can be deployed easily along pipelines with low cost and poses no significant privacy problems to nearby residents. It can help prevent accidental pipeline breakage thus ensuring the longevity of those underground lifeline infrastructures. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collisions and Damage of Offshore Structures: A State-of-the-Art

Accidental loading and damage are now accepted design parameters recommended for consideration in a number of Codes for the design in offshore structures. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art with respect to the probabilities and consequences of collisions and accidental loading in general, and methods for the assessment of the design of steel offshore structures against damage.
Automatic PV Grid Fault Detection System with IoT and LabVIEW as Data Logger

Fault detection of the photovoltaic (PV) grid is necessary to detect serious output power reduction to avoid PV modules’ damage. To identify the fault of the PV arrays, there is a necessity to implement an automatic system. In this IoT and LabVIEW-based automatic fault detection of 3 × 3 solar array, a PV system is proposed to control and monitor Internet connectivity remotely. Hardware component to automatically reconfigure the solar PV array from the series-parallel (SP) to the complete cross-linked array underneath partial shading conditions (PSC) is centered on the Atmega328 system to achieve maximum power. In the LabVIEW environment, an automated monitoring system is developed. The automatic monitoring system assesses the voltage drop losses present in the DC side of the PV generator and generates a decimal weighted value depending on the defective solar panels and transmits this value to the remote station through anRFmodem, and provides an indicator of the faulty solar panel over the built-in Interface LabVIEW. The managing of this GUI indicator helps the monitoring system to generate a panel alert for damaged panels in the PV system. NodeMCU in the receiver section enables transmission of the fault status of PV arrays via Internet connectivity. The IoT-based Blynk app is employed for visualizing the fault status of the 3 × 3 PV array. The dashboard of Blynk visualizes every array with the status.
Formula Synthesis of Maximal Mechanical Torque on Volume for Cylindrical Magnetic Coupler

Abstract In this paper the influence of basic design parameters (proportionality coefficient β and permanent magnets height h) on the mechanical torque for cylindrical magnetic coupler with rounded permanent magnets is researched. Such cylindrical magnetic couplers are often used in pumps and liquid mixers. At the beginning the design parameters and their relevance are explained. The mechanical torque is calculated applying the software QuickField. In the data analysis and for the coupler comparison the division of maximal mechanical torque on volume is taken as the main characteristic. Because of the planned optimization for the calculated variants there were synthesized few formulas, from which the most suitable were found (for all researched design parameters’ ranges). The formulas are synthesized using a program, which is created by Oskars Onzevs. The program for the formula synthesis is based on regression models, and the basic principles of it are explained. All the calculations for experimental and formula data are made for magnetic coupler’s design with one pole pair number p that is equal to three.
The Windy Gap Project Scada System

The Windy Gap Project consists of a diversion dam on the Colorado River, a 600 cfs (17m3S-1) pumping plant, and 30,000 ft (914.4 m) of 108‐in. (2.7‐m) diameter pipeline. The purpose of the project is to divert and transport water from the Colorado River Basin to the Colorado‐Big Thompson (C‐BT) system fqr storage and delivery to users in the South Platte River Basin. Sophisticated compromise agreements were developed to meet the legal, political, social, institutional, and environmental requirements to build the project; as a result, the operations control strategy is complex and practically impossible to operate by conventional supervisory control systems. A state‐of‐the‐art computer based supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system was developed to operate the Windy Gap Project. The SCADA system.is an anticipatory closed loop control system which requires a minimum of human interaction and operates in a real time environment. The basic objective of the SCADA system is to maximize the amount .
Single-mode operation of terahertz quantum cascade lasers

We report the design and fabrication of terahertz quantum cascade lasers at about 3 THz that use semi-insulating surface-plasmon waveguide for optical mode confinement The single-mode operations are realized by employing one-dimensional first-order distributed-feedback (DFB) and photonic crystal distributed-feedback (PCDFB) resonators, respectively. The single-mode operation of up to 88 K and peak power of 9.5 mW at 10 K for the DFB devices is obtained. The PCDFB devices also emit a single frequency at above 50 K.
Are residential care homes really bad for children? Voices of alumni of residential child and youth care in Trinidad and Tobago

Social workers have advocated closing large youth care institutions and moving to adoption, foster care and group homes. However, these approaches have proven to be costly and often disruptive of children’s lives. This study of 24 alumni of orphanages and large group homes in Trinidad and Tobago shows that the children experienced stability and happiness, with siblings kept together and almost universal secondary school graduation. Problems occurred in the transition from the homes to the community. With attention to gender in discharge policies, large group care may be beneficial and cost effective, especially for low-resource developing countries.
Optical interconnections on PCBs: a killer application for VCSELs

As a result of the constant improvement of performances and reliability of VCSEL-fabrication, parallel short distance optical interconnections are becoming more and more important. Integrating optical interconnections on a board level, covering distances from a few centimeters to a few meters, is however very challenging as the optical interconnection and mounting technology has to be integrated in existing printed circuit board manufacturing technology. Fiber based interconnections, using technologies as Fiber-In-Board and Fiber-based optical backpanels are already available, but new solutions for integrating a guided-wave based optical interconnection layer in a standard FR4-based electrical printed circuit board are emerging. These technologies are based on either organic materials or glass sheets integrated in the FR4-stack. Examples of both technologies will be presented and optical interconnections showing the feasibility of both technologies will be described. The interconnections will be realized using VCSEL-arrays and photodetector arrays which are flip-chip, mounted on the printed circuit boards. The coupling of light in and out of the optical layer in the FR4-stack is done using deflecting micro-optics realized in the optical layer, e.g. using laser-ablation.
A review of existing transliteration approaches and methods

ABSTRACT The article highlights the importance of transliteration in the field of machine translation, correct writing of personal and place names, and information retrieval. It provides an overview of various approaches, models and methods available in the field of transliteration. It shows the types of transliteration methods. The article also highlights the principles taken into account during the process of transliteration. It shows advantages and disadvantages of the proposed transliteration methods for different languages. It explains the accuracy of mentioned transliteration techniques through transliterated words. It is noted that proposed transliteration methods for one language may not be significant for others. Moreover, it may not be enough to apply only one method in the field of direct and backward transliteration of languages with different graphemes and phonemes. Therefore, different transliteration techniques have to be combined.
Eddy current and impedance evaluation using a two-dimensional finite element method

A finite element method is developed to evaluate cylindrical electromagnetic fields due to eddy currents inside linear conducting media. Boundary conditions are imposed in an integral form combined with Neumann conditions. The method is applied to a periodic system of slot embedded conductors in the rotor of an induction machine and is verified by comparison with an analytical method. >
Pedestrian Crossing Detection Based on HOG and SVM

: In recent years, pedestrian detection is a hot research topic in the field of computer vision and artificial intelligence, it is widely used in the field of security and pedestrian analysis. However, due to a large amount of calculation in the traditional pedestrian detection technology, the speed of many systems for pedestrian recognition is very limited. But in some restricted areas, such as construction hazardous areas, real-time detection of pedestrians and cross-border behaviors is required. To more conveniently and efficiently detect whether there are pedestrians in the restricted area and cross-border behavior, this paper proposes a pedestrian cross-border detection method based on HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradient) and SVM (Support Vector Machine). This method extracts the moving target through the GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model) background modeling and then extracts the characteristics of the moving target through gradient HOG. Finally, it uses SVM training to distinguish pedestrians from non-pedestrians, completes the detection of pedestrians, and labels the targets. The test results show that only the HOG feature extraction of the candidate area can greatly reduce the amount of calculation and reduce the time of feature extraction, eliminate background interference, thereby improving the efficiency of detection, and can be applied to occasions with real-time requirements.
INCONEL® Alloy 783: An Oxidation-Resistant, Low Expansion Superalloy for Gas Turbine Applications

INCONEL{reg_sign} alloy 783 is an oxidation-resistant low coefficient of thermal expansion (low CTE) superalloy developed for gas turbine applications. Turbine efficiency can be increased through the use of low-CTE shrouds and case components that maintain tight blade tip clearances at different turbine operating temperatures. To achieve low CTE, alloys based on Ni-Fe-Co compositions require Cr content be maintained at low levels. Added Cr lowers the Curie temperature and thereby increases thermal expansion rate over a wider temperature range. The necessary lack of Cr minimizes resistance to both general oxidation and stress-accelerated grain boundary oxygen enhanced cracking (SAGBO). Increased amounts of Al in alloys strengthened by {gamma}{prime} alone also promotes SAGBO. Alloy 783 is the culmination in the development of an alloy system with very high aluminum content that, in addition to forming {gamma}{prime}, causes {beta} aluminide phase precipitation in the austenitic matrix. It was discovered that this type of structure can be processed to resist both SAGBO and general oxidation, while providing low thermal expansion and useful mechanical properties up to 700 C. The high Al content also reduces density to 5% below that of superalloys such as INCONEL alloy 718. Key aspects of the alloy development are presented, includingmore » the assessment of SAGBO resistance by evaluating elevated temperature crack growth in air. The alloy, now commercially available, has been successfully fabricated and welded into gas turbine engine components. « less
A Method for Monitoring the Variations in the Upper Airway of Individual OSAHS Patients by Observing Two Acoustic Feature Tracks

Monitoring the variations in the upper airway (UA) for individual Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) patients by utilizing acoustic signal analysis methods is significant to research and develop convenient equipment to overcome the invasive airway pressure measurements. It is noticeable that acoustic features like formant frequencies and power ratios had achieved good results both on diagnosing OSAHS and revealing the relationship between properties and anatomical structure. We adopted the first formant frequency (F1) and power ratio at frequency of 800 Hz (PR800) as target values to observe the tracks of them in snore episodes before an apnea/hypopnea event, which could help doctors to know the structure variations in UA for OSAHS patients. Results showed that the tracks of the two acoustic features have a good performance on demonstrating the reasonable theoretical hypothesis. If we get enough prior knowledge by large scale of experiments and practices, we can even use the tracks of F1 and PR800 to find some more detailed information of UA like observing the electrocardiogram in cardiac healthcare and monitoring.
Finite-element formalism for nonlinear slab-guided waves

A unified computer-aided numerical approach, based on the finite-element method, is developed for analyzing optical waves guided by dielectric slab waveguiding structures with arbitrary nonlinear media. In the formulations, both TE and TM polarizations are considered. For the TM case, the biaxial nature of nonlinear refractive index is considered without any approximation. Numerical results are presented for nonlinear TE and TM waves propagating in symmetric slab waveguides. The dependence of dispersion relations on the refractive-index profile of the film is examined. >
Study on Fault Diagnosis in Analog Circuit

Hidden Markov model (HMM) for the diagnosis of incipient faults in analog circuits is presented. Firstly, output voltage signals under faulty conditions are obtained with simulation. Subsequently, output voltages corresponding to the test frequencies are extracted from the response of analog circuits. Finally, the output voltage vectors are used to form the observation sequences, which are sent to training HMM to accomplish the diagnosis of the incipient faults. The performance of the proposed method is tested, and it indicates that the method is effective and has better recognition capability than the popularly used back-propagation (BP) network.