Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE SLUGGS SURVEY: NGC 3115, A CRITICAL TEST CASE FOR METALLICITY BIMODALITY IN GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS

Due to its proximity (9 Mpc) and the strongly bimodal color distribution of its spectroscopically well-sampled globular cluster (GC) system, the early-type galaxy NGC 3115 provides one of the best available tests of whether the color bimodality widely observed in GC systems generally reflects a true metallicity bimodality. Color bimodality has alternatively been attributed to a strongly nonlinear color–metallicity relation reflecting the influence of hot horizontal-branch stars. Here, we couple Subaru Suprime-Cam gi photometry with Keck/deimos spectroscopy to accurately measure GC colors and a CaT index that measures the Ca ii triplet. We find the NGC 3115 GC system to be unambiguously bimodal in both color and the CaT index. Using simple stellar population models, we show that the CaT index is essentially unaffected by variations in horizontal-branch morphology over the range of metallicities relevant to GC systems (and is thus a robust indicator of metallicity) and confirm bimodality in the metallicity distribution. We assess the existing evidence for and against multiple metallicity subpopulations in early- and late-type galaxies and conclude that metallicity bi/multimodality is common. We briefly discuss how this fundamental characteristic links directly to the star formation and assembly histories of galaxies.
GDP-Employment Decoupling and the Productivity Puzzle in Germany

This paper investigates the productivity puzzle in Germany. We focus on the time-varying relationship between German output and employment growth, in particular their decoupling in recent years. We estimate a correlated unobserved components model that allows for both persistent and cyclical time variation in the employment impact of GDP as well as an autonomous employment component capturing other factors than real output. As one result, we measure a permanent decline in GDP impact on employment as well as pronounced effects of the autonomous employment component in the recent years. The development of the estimated impact parameters depends on structural change, but also on labour availability and business expectations. Beyond GDP, a high labour supply, tightness as well as moderate wages and working time reductions boosted employment growth.
The Core-Plus Mathematics Project: Perspectives and Student Achievement

This chapter provides an overview of the CPMP curriculum in terms of its theoretical framework and a profile of student outcomes. Achievement results are reported from the three-year CorePlus Mathematics field test (1994–97) for each subtest of the standardized Ability to Do Quantitative Thinking (ATDQT) test and for students who scored in the top, middle, and bottom third on the ATDQT pretest. Results on measures of students’ understanding of algebraic and geometric concepts and methods and of statistics, probability and discrete mathematics are also presented. Students’ perceptions and attitudes about mathematics and about their mathematics course are summarized. Finally, SAT and ACT scores of students in CPMP are compared to those in more conventional curricula. On all measures except paper-and-pencil algebra skills, students in CPMP do as well as or better than those in more conventional curricula. In S. Senk and D. Thompson (Eds.), Standards-Based School Mathematics Curricula: What are They? What Do Students Learn? Pp. 311-343. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Inc.
Work-related stress and musculoskeletal complaints of orchestra musicians

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Professional musicians are commonly affected by musculoskeletal discomfort. Understanding the association of such affections with psychic health may contribute to promote the health of such professionals. So, this study aimed at investigating associations between work-related stress and musculoskeletal complaints of orchestra musicians.METHODS: This study was developed with 22 orchestra musicians. Evaluation of the frequency of musculoskeletal complaints in different body regions and of work-related stress was carried out according to Theorell and Karasek's demand-control model.RESULTS: Most musculoskeletal complaints were on neck, left hemi-body and back. Forty one percent of musicians had perception of active work, with high demands (81%), high intellectual judgment (95.4%) and authority over decisions (72.7%). Musicians in general had positive perception of social support. Workers with work perception with major stress and active had most frequent complaints. Factors were presented with questions which may be allocated for future ergonomic interventions.CONCLUSION: A trend to more frequent muscle complaints of workers with work perception with higher demands was observed.
The ( Impact ( of ( Teacher ( Credentials ( on ( Student ( Achievement ( in ( China

Teacher quality is an important factor in improving student achievement. As such, policymakers have constructed a number of different credentials to identify high quality teachers. Unfortunately, few of the credentials used in developing countries have been validated (in terms of whether teachers holding such credentials actually improve student achievement). In this study, we employ a student-fixed effects model to estimate the impact of teacher credentials on student achievement in the context of the biggest education system in the world: China. We find that having a teacher with the highest rank (a credential based on annual assessments by local administrators) has positive impacts on student achievement relative to having a teacher who has not achieved the highest rank. We further find that teacher rank has heterogeneous impacts, benefiting economically poor students more than non-poor students. However, other credentials (whether the teacher attended college or held teaching awards) have no impact on student
Mudanças Estruturais no Nordeste entre 1997 e 2004: Uma Análise de Insumo-Produto

Este trabalho avalia como as mudanças estruturais, ocorridas na Região Nordeste entre 1997 e 2004, afetaram os níveis de produção e emprego setoriais na região. Para tal, foi utilizada uma análise de decomposição estrutural empregando as matrizes de insumo-produto regionais do período em questão. Os resultados apontam para mudança considerável na estrutura do emprego na região no período analisado, havendo aumento da intensidade do fator trabalho em diversas atividades e queda em outras, como ocorreu com o setor agropecuário. Sem a contribuição da demanda final, as mudanças nos coeficientes técnicos em conjunto com as mudanças nos coeficientes de emprego poderiam provocar uma queda no emprego na região, em vez do aumento registrado no período analisado.
Design of Mobile and Static Sensor Fabrics

Over the last few years, two fundamental changes have happened in the domain of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). One, the applications have ceased to be edgealone and have morphed into a edge-enterprise co-design. Two, sensor networks are beginning to be shared by a number of stake holders, with varied requirements – an urban sensing network shared by, say a city police agency and a state-wide security agency would be one such example. This translates into three key requirements for today’s WSNs. One, the networks to be designed should be customizable and repurposeable on short notice. Two, the networks should be sliceable – the ability to deploy and run multiple applications simultaneously. Three, the networks need to be designed in such a way as to enable interaction, collaboration and federation with other networks or agents outside of the network to achieve some common goal. This has led to the re-examination of the application development model for WSNs. One way of designing such a network would be to come up with an architecture, which abstracts functionalities that are common to most programmable sensor networks into services, which can then be reused, ported and standardized. This dissertation proposes an architecture called the fabric model for designing WSN as generic sensing networks, on which applications can be tailored. The model focuses on standardizing services that are common to most sensor fabrics, so that the common services can be reused across fabrics. The fabric model specifies services and
The RC 7 Encryption Algorithm

Cryptography can be defined as the art of secret writing or protecting information by transforming it (encrypting it) into an unreadable format, called cipher text and then transmitting it across insecure networks, so that it cannot be read by anyone except the intended recipient. Only those who possess a secret key can decipher (or decrypt) the message into plain text. Encrypted information can sometimes be broken by cryptanalysis, also called code breaking, although modern cryptography techniques are virtually unbreakable. Various algorithms help achieve flawless encryption results which are mostly unbreakable. This paper is an attempt to improve one such algorithm, i.e. RC6 by adding on to its existing functionalities.
Nonparametric multi-level clustering of human epilepsy seizures

Abstract Understanding neuronal activity in the human brain is an extremely difficult problem both in terms of measurement and statistical modeling. We address a particular research question in this area: the analysis of human intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) recordings of epileptic seizures from a collection of patients. In these data, each seizure of each patient is defined by the activities of many individual recording channels. The modeling of epileptic seizures is challenging due the large amount of heterogeneity in iEEG signal between channels within a particular seizure, between seizures within an individual, and across individuals. We develop a new nonparametric hierarchical Bayesian model that simultaneously addresses these multiple levels of heterogeneity in our epilepsy data. Our approach, which we call a multi-level clustering hierarchical Dirichlet process (MLC-HDP), clusters over channel activities within a seizure, over seizures of a patient and over patients. We demonstrate the advantages of our methodology over alternative approaches in human EEG seizure data and show that its seizure clustering is close to manual clustering by a physician expert. We also address important clinical questions like “to which seizures of other patients is this seizure similar? ” Understanding neuronal activity in the human brain is an extremely difﬁcult problem both in terms of measurement and statistical modeling. We address a particular research question in this area: the analysis of human intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) recordings of epileptic seizures from a collection of patients. In these data, each seizure of each patient is deﬁned by the activities of many individual recording channels. The modeling of epileptic seizures is challenging due the large amount of heterogeneity in iEEG signal between channels within a particular seizure, between seizures within an individual, and across individuals. We develop a new nonparametric hierarchical Bayesian model that simultaneously addresses these multiple levels of heterogeneity in our epilepsy data. Our approach, which we call a multi-level clustering hierarchical Dirichlet process (MLC-HDP), clusters over channel activities within a seizure, over seizures of a patient and over patients. We demonstrate the advantages of our methodology over alternative approaches in human EEG seizure data and show that its seizure clustering is close to manual clustering by a physician expert. We also address important clinical questions like “to which seizures of other patients is this seizure similar? ”
Automatic mapping of free texts to bioinformatics ontology terms

In the field of bioinformatics, the number of tools and services is ever-increasing. In order to make information about these resources available in a useful was, we annotate them with ontology terms. This is currently done manually – which is time-consuming and error-prone. In this thesis, we set out to make a tool that helps the annotator by providing annotation suggestions. We developed a program, that reads in free text descriptions of tools and services, adds content of web pages and publications related to the tool and based on this outputs best matches to ontology terms. Then, we optimised the parameters of the program on manually done annotation sets. Initial results look promising, as when comparing performance against these manual annotations, we see that many suggestions are agreeing with them. Moreover, according to experienced annotators, many of the other suggestions are also correct.
Adaptive Unscented Kal an Filter using axi u Likelihood Esti ation

The purpose of this study is to develop an adaptive unscented Kalman filter (UKF) by tuning the measurement noise covariance. We use the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and the covariance matching (CM) method to estimate the noise covariance. The multi-step prediction errors generated by the UKF are used for covariance estimation by MLE and CM. Then we apply the two covariance estimation methods on an example application. In the example, we identify the covariance of the measurement noise for a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor. The sensor measures the subcutaneous glucose concentration for a type 1 diabetes patient. The root-mean square (RMS) error and the computation time are used to compare the performance of the two covariance estimation methods. The results indicate that as the prediction horizon expands, the RMS error for the MLE declines, while the error remains relatively large for the CM method. For larger prediction horizons, the MLE provides an estimate of the noise covariance that is less biased than the estimate by the CM method. The CM method is computationally less expensive though.
Short-Term Response of Carbon Cycling to Salinity Pulses in a Freshwater Wetland Wetland Soils

SSSAJ: Volume 75: Number 5 • September–October 2011 Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 75:2000–2007 Posted online 23 Aug. 2011 doi:10.2136/sssaj2011.0026 Received 20 Jan. 2011. *Corresponding author (lisagardner@ufl .edu) © Soil Science Society of America, 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison WI 53711 USA All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher. Short-Term Response of Carbon Cycling to Salinity Pulses in a Freshwater Wetland Wetland Soils
The role of an external facilitator in developing new co-creation platforms in university education

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The Footbonaut as an Innovative Diagnostic System - Differentiating Response Times in Soccer Players of Different Age-groups

The Footbonaut is a high-tech measuring instrument for the training and diagnostics of agility in soccer (Saal et al., 2013). It can be used to measure the response time and precision (goal/no goal) regarding a highly soccer specific reaction task in order to estimate agility performance. Agility is defined as ”a rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus” (Sheppard and Young, 2006). There are indications that suggest that agility helps to predict talent (Reilly et al., 2000). To our knowledge there exist no scientific studies targeting the application of this measuring instrument in diagnostics and training. The aim of the cross-sectional cohort study to be presented here, was to test if the response time results from tests in the Footbonaut were an appropriate trait to distinguish between age groups. We assume that professional soccer players have a shorter response time measured by the Footbonaut.
Image Enhancement Using Affine Histogram Equalization Model

Colour image enhancement is complex and challenging task in digital imagery. Preserving the hue of the input image crucial in a wide range of situations. This work aims to develop hue and range (gamut) preservation techniques. The proposed method consists of two stages via range preserving in optimal way enhancement, scaling and shifting colour enhancement. First stage preserves hue in a colour image by the identified affine histogram equalizations method. Second stage preserves the range (gamut)(0 1) by scaling and shifting algorithms. The result is compared with the existing method of histogram specification produces the better result.
Varieties of regular algebras and unranked tree languages

In this paper we develop a variety theory for unranked tree languages and unranked algebras. In an unranked tree any symbol may label a node with any number of successors. Such trees appear in markup languages such as XML and as syntactic descriptions of natural languages. In the corresponding algebras each operation is deﬁned for any number of arguments, but in the regular algebras used as tree recognizers the operations are ﬁnite-state computable. We develop the basic theory of regular algebras for a setting in which algebras over diﬀerent operator alphabets are considered together. Using syntactic algebras of unranked tree languages we establish a bijection between varieties of unranked tree languages and varieties of regular algebras. As varieties of unranked tree languages are usually deﬁned by means of congruences of term algebras, we introduce also varieties of congruences and a general device for deﬁning such varieties. Finally, we show that the natural unranked counterparts of several varieties of ranked tree languages form varieties in our sense.
HAD POSITIVE LONg-TERM EFFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH ANkyLOSINg SPONDyLITIS : RANDOMIzED CONTROLLED TRIAL

© 2013 The Authors. doi: 10.2340/16501977-1078 Journal Compilation © 2013 Foundation of Rehabilitation Information. ISSN 1650-1977 Objective: To evaluate the mean overall effects over a 1-year period of a multidisciplinary in-patient rehabilitation programme for patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Design: Observer-blinded, randomized controlled trial, with assessments made after 4 and 12 months. Patients: Forty-six patients received a 3-week in-patient rehabilitation programme and 49 patients received treatment as usual. Methods: Primary outcomes were disease activity measured with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Scale (BASDAI), and function measured with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI). Secondary outcomes included well-being, spinal and hip mobility, and healthrelated quality of life measured with the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36. Overall treatment effects were estimated with Mixed models repeated measures analyses. Results: Significant overall treatment effects in favour of the rehabilitation group were found in the BASDAI score (mean difference over the 1-year period –10.0, 95% confidence interval: –3.7 to –16.3), in well-being (–7.3, 95% confidence interval: –1.0 to –14.7), and in the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36 variables social functioning, role physical, role mental and bodily pain (mean differences ranging from 5.8 (pain) to 10.7 (role physical)). Conclusion: A 3-week in-patient rehabilitation programme had positive overall effects on disease activity, pain, function and well-being, and should be considered an important complement to medical disease management in persons with ankylosing spondylitis.
Correction for “ MeCP 2 binds to non-CG methylated DNA as neurons mature , influencing transcription and the timing of onset for Rett syndrome

NEUROSCIENCE Correction for “MeCP2 binds to non-CG methylated DNA as neurons mature, influencing transcription and the timing of onset for Rett syndrome,” by Lin Chen, Kaifu Chen, Laura A. Lavery, Steven Andrew Baker, Chad A. Shaw, Wei Li, and Huda Y. Zoghbi, which appeared in issue 17, April 28, 2015, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (112:5509–5514; first published April 13, 2015; 10.1073/pnas.1505909112). The authors note that Fig. 2 appeared incorrectly. The corrected figure and its legend appear below.
The Adaptive Nature of Memory and Its Illusions

In this article I discuss how false memories do not always have to be associated with negative outcomes. Indeed, under some circumstances, memory illusions, like other illusions more generally, can have positive consequences. I discuss these consequences in the context of the adaptive function of memory, including how false memories can have fitness-relevant benefits for subsequent behavior and problem solving. My hope is that this article changes how illusions are conceptualized, especially those arising from memory. Rather than being a “demon” that vexes our theories of memory, illusions can be thought of as sometimes having positive consequences much in the same way as many of the other outputs of a very powerful, adaptive memory system.
1 Using a Counting Process Method to Impute 2 Censored Follow-up Time Data 3

Censoring occurs when complete follow-up time information is unavailable for patients 9 enrolled in a clinical study. The process is considered to be informative (nonignorable) if the 10 likelihood function for the censoring model cannot be partitioned into a set of response parameters 11 that are independent of the censoring parameters. In such cases, estimated survival time 12 probabilities may be biased, prompting the need for special statistical methods to remedy the 13 situation. The problem is especially salient when censoring is skewed toward the early phase of a 14 study. In this paper, we describe a method to impute censored follow-up times using a counting 15 process method. 16 17
Study design and patient recruitment for the Japan Polyp Study

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Open Access Journal of Clinical Trials 2014:6 37–44 Open Access Journal of Clinical Trials Dovepress