Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PRINCIPLES OF ERROR THEORY AND CARTOGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS

Abstract : One of the most useful contributions of error theory is the precision index which identifies the error distribution and specifies the probability that the true error in a quantity does not exceed a certain value. This situation is applicable to the evaluation of map and geodetic information, in that it makes possible meaningful accuracy statements having interpretation, and is compatible with established map accuracy standards which specify limits of permissible error in various categories. Standardized procedures and supporting theory for computing linear, circular, and spherical precision indexes are presented. The recommended procedure for computing the circular or spherical standard error from linear standard errors in X and Y, or X, Y, and Z directions, respectively, is to average the linear standard errors. Other precision indexes in the same error distribution are easily computed from the linear, circular, and spherical standard errors -- the most important precision indexes.
Logistic regression and its implementation for email spam filtering

: This paper deals with an experiment on spam filters using Logistic Regression in which the efficiency of the filter is influenced by characteristics of the frequency distribution of the tokens. The focus of discussion lies on the need for data cleaning before developing the model. Features that are inconsistent shall be separated out before including them in the model. The UCI dataset showing the percentage of token counts in each mail is used in the model and the discriminating ability of the filter is studied with the help of ROC curve.
Influence of Maize Varieties and Date of Planting Cowpea into Maize/Cowpea Intercropping System in Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria

Field experiments were conducted at the late season of 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons from August to November at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Agriculture Makurdi to investigate the influence of maize varieties and date of planting cowpea into maize-cowpea intercropping system. The experiment was a 2 x 2 x 3 split-split plot laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates. Cropping system (sole and intercrop) constitute the main plot, maize varieties ( ACR 89 DMESR-W and AK 94 DMESR-Y) constitute the sub-plot while date of planting cowpea (planting at the same time, two weeks after planting maize and four weeks after planting maize) constitute the sub-sub-plot. The result obtained showed significant reduction in all growth and yield characters tested as cowpea was intercropped.Allgrowth All growth and yield characters (except shelling percentage) were significantly influenced by date of planting, these characters increased with delayed planting of cowpea. The highest LER (1.48 and 1.46); LEC (0.52 and 0.49) and % of land saved were obtained when cowpea was planted at the same time with maize using maize variety ACR 89 DMESR-W which showed highest compatibility among the system.
The RF cavity for DA/spl Phi/NE

The achievement of the highest luminosity in the 510 MeV electron-positron /spl Phi/-Factory DA/spl Phi/NE, in construction at Frascati Laboratories, requires a careful design of the RF accelerating cavity, being the main source of High Order parasitic Modes (HOM) which are responsible for multibunch instabilities. Intense R&D has been carried out to choose the cavity resonator which would better cope with those problems. Theoretical studies and simulations of the longitudinal beam dynamics with various cavity shapes have been performed and several HOM extraction and damping techniques have been studied and tested. This report presents the results of these investigations and the laboratory tests of the proposed accelerating RF cavity for DA/spl Phi/NE. <<ETX>>
A Method for Determining Nonlinear Inductances of Electrical Equivalent Circuit for Three-Phase Induction Motor

Abstract Accurate values of the equivalent circuit parameters of three-phase induction motor are critical for its precise performance evaluation. Motor parameters, mainly the inductances obtained from conventional no-load and blocked rotor tests are constant parameters for all load conditions. However, due to inherent nature of the core material property, i.e., nonlinear B-H curve, the inductances do not remain constant in practical. This work proposes a method comprising simple tests using which all the motor nonlinear inductances can be determined. The motor mathematical model under the test conditions is also developed. The results obtained from equivalent circuit using the nonlinear inductances are validated with experimental results for two different motors and good agreement has been achieved. It is observed that the motor performances calculated using nonlinear inductances matches more closely to experimental results as compared to that using constant inductances.
Periodically driven quantum open systems: Tutorial

We present a short derivation and discussion of the master equation for an open quantum system weakly coupled to a heat bath and then its generalization to the case of with periodic external driving based on the Floquet theory. Further, a single heat bath is replaced by several ones. We present also the definition of heat currents which satisfies the second law of thermodynamics and apply the general results to a simple model of periodically modulated qubit.
Application of multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis in fault diagnosis for a railway track circuit

ABSTRACT The outdoor equipment failures of track circuits are usually not easy to be detected. In addition, the location of outdoor equipment failures can cause trouble for on-site maintainers. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a novel method for fault diagnosis of railway track circuits based on multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA). Firstly, a locomotive signal induced voltage model was established based on the uniform transmission-line theory. The locomotive signal amplitude envelope (LSAE) signals of the track circuit in the normal and fault conditions were solved out. Through this model, the influence mechanism of track circuit faults on the LSAE signals was revealed. On the basis of MF-DFA, the generalised Hurst exponents and multifractal spectra of the LSAE signals were obtained. Then the six-dimensional vectors extracted from the multifractal spectra were used as the fault features. Finally, these features were input to the extreme learning machine (ELM) to identify faults. The fault diagnosis accuracy using the method proposed in this paper reached 94.2949% after k-fold cross validation. The results indicated that MF-DFA had obvious advantages in the application of track circuit fault diagnosis.
Dynamics of a Completion String in a Fluid Filled Wellbore

In oil and gas well field operations, downhole completion tasks require overpull or slack off on the tubing string at the rig floor. After a completion tool is run to position, typically overpull or slack off is used to overcome locking and locating mechanisms (shear pins, collets, etc.) to release the tool (e.g. packer) so that it can be set. The mechanical manipulation of the equipment, however, can induce significant sudden movement of the completion tubing string near the tool’s locking mechanism. The rapid movement of the tubing string causes large relative motion and “piston effect” forces between tool components and fluid present in the wellbore. This can potentially lead to undesirable events, such as packer element swab off where seals can be unintentionally energized and damaged by annular flow past them. Operationally, it is of great interest to know the instantaneous velocity of the tubing string at the time of tool release and the maximum allowable overpull to avoid this undesirable outcome. These questions are successfully addressed via extending an approach developed by Zhong and Gano (Dynamic Response in a Pipe String during Drop-Catch in a Wellbore by Allan Zhong and John Gano, 2008 ABAQUS USERS’ Conference, Newport, Rhode Island, May 19-22, 2008) to account for additional drag from packer elements/seals and flow inside tubing.
THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE RESOURCE CYCLE IMPACT OF THE COMBINATION OF TECHNOLOGY, LEGISLATION AND ECONOMY

This paper explores the complex interrelationship between the resource cycle, recycling and metal production as a function of economics, environmental legislation, and product design. It is argued that central to optimising this resource cycle lies the control in particular of physical separation plants by the application of advanced sensor technology and sorting equipment, as well as suitable control and sampling algorithms supported by optimising mass balance models.
MicroRNA-363-3p/sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 axis inhibits sepsis-induced acute lung injury via the inactivation of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand signaling

Infection-associated inflammation and coagulation are critical pathologies in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). This study aimed to investigate the effects of microRNA-363-3p (miR-363-3p) on sepsis-induced ALI and explore the underlying mechanisms. A cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic mouse model was established. The results of this study suggested that miR-363-3p was highly expressed in lung tissues of septic mice. Knockdown of miR-363-3p attenuated sepsis-induced histopathological damage, the inflammation response and oxidative stress in lung tissues. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-363-3p reduced the formation of platelet-derived microparticles and thrombin generation in blood samples of septic mice. Downregulation of miR-363-3p suppressed sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) expression in lung tissues and subsequently inactivated the nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (NF-κB) signaling. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-363-3p directly targeted the 3’-untranslated region of the mouse S1pr1 mRNA. Collectively, our study suggests that inactivation of NF-κB signaling is involved in the miR-363-3p/S1PR1 axis-mediated protective effect on septic ALI.
Observer‐based H∞ control for uncertain singular time‐delay systems with actuator saturation

In this paper, the observer‐based H∞ control problem for uncertain singular time‐delay systems with actuator saturation is concerned. First, a delay‐dependent linear matrix inequality (LMI) condition is obtained which, guarantees that the uncertain singular time‐delay systems with actuator saturation are regular, impulse free, and asymptotically stable with H∞ performance condition. Then, with this condition, the estimation of stability region and the design method of observer‐based H∞ controller are given by solving LMIs and convex optimization problem. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the merit of the obtained results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two Theorems of Dye in the Almost Continuous Category

This thesis studies orbit equivalence in the almost continuous setting. Recently A. del Junco and A. Sahin obtained an almost continuous version of Dye’s theorem. Theyproved that any two ergodic measure-preserving homeomorphisms of Polish spacesare almost continuously orbit equivalent. One purpose of this thesis is to extendtheir result to all free actions of countable amenable groups. We also show that the cocycles associated with the constructed orbit equivalence are almost continuous.In the second part of the thesis we obtain an analogue of Dye’s reconstructiontheorem for etale equivalence relations in the almost continuous setting. We introducetopological full groups of etale equivalence relations and show that if the topologicalfull groups are isomorphic, then the equivalence relations are almost continuouslyorbit equivalent.
CERN’s Linac4 cesiated surface H− source

Linac4 cesiated surface H− sources are routinely operated for the commissioning of the CERN’s Linac4 and on an ion source test stand. Stable current of 40-50 mA are achieved but the transmission through the LEBT of 80% was below expectations and triggered additional beam simulation and characterization. The H− beam profile is not Gaussian and emittance measurements are larger than simulation. The status of ongoing development work is described; 36 mA H− and 20 mA D− beams were produced with a 5.5 mm aperture cesiated surface ion source. The emittances measured at the test stand are presented. During a preliminary test, the Linac4 proton source delivered a total beam intensity of 70 mA (p, H2+, H3+).
Energy efficiency strategies for railway application: alternative solutions applied to a real case study

This study focuses on the topic of energy efficiency for railway application. A case study extrapolated from a real system was approached. An entire railway infrastructure, constituted by an alternating current (AC) primary grid, a direct current (DC) railway system and some AC/DC railway electrical substations (ESSs), was observed. The considered system was represented to study the operation of the railway infrastructure in terms of energy. A method, based on an AC/DC power flow approach, was formulated to calculate the efficiency in the use of electrical energy, during the motion of a fleet of trains. The method reports the solution vector (i.e. the AC and DC voltages and currents) as a function of the scheduling of the railway service. The results of the numerical simulations focused on the energy amounts at the ESS. The discussion gives evidence to the impact of alternative operating solutions in terms of energy efficiency strategies.
Infrared Thermography in Sports Activity

The origin of infrared thermography comes in 1800 when William Herschel discovered thermal radiation, the invisible light later called infrared, but only in the mid-sixties infrared thermography became a technique of temperature cartography. He proved that this radiation, called infrared, followed the same law as visible light. Later, this phenomenon was connected with the laws of Planck and Stefan. The first detectors for this type of radiation, based on the principle of the thermocouple and thermopile called, were developed around 1830. In 1970, the first cameras appeared for commercial. The first models were made up of a technology-based pyroelectric tube with an optical IR instead of the classical elements. Today, these concepts have been improved with new technologies in electronics and computing. Infrared acquisition systems can arrive at very high frame rates. The major argument is whether infrared thermography can determine thermal variations to enable sufficient quantitative analyses. The creation of computerized systems using complex statistical data analysis, which ensure high quality results, and the enhancement of thermal sensitivity have increased the development of technology of infrared thermography.
Community acquired urinary tract infections (CAUTI) with special reference to antibiogram of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species

Aim: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species are the most important uropathogens. The present study was undertaken to isolate uropathogens causing community acquired urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and their antibiogram. Materials and Methods: A total of 755 clean voided mid-stream urine samples were collected and processed. All the specimens were collected from patients attending various OPDs of our hospital. The specimens were cultured and the isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques. The antibiotic susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion technique. Simple percentage method was used in analyzing data. Results: From 755 urine specimens, 197 urine specimens yielded significant bacterial growth accounting for 26.09%. Females (75.13%) are more commonly affected than males (24.87%). E.coli119 (60.40%) was the most frequent organism isolated followed by Klebsiella species(24.87%). Klebsiella species showed high degree of resistance towards the antibiotics tested. Conclusion: High isolation rate was observed among young females in reproductive age groups. E. coli was the predominant bacteria causing UTI followed by Klebsiella species. Very high resistance rates were observed towards commonly used antibiotics in community.
Investigating the Key Parameters of a Staged Laser- and Particle Driven Plasma Wakefield Accelerator Experiment

Plasma wakefield accelerators can be driven by either a powerful laser pulse (LWFA) or a high-current charged particle beam (PWFA). A plasma accelerator combining both schemes consists of a LWFA providing an electron beam which subsequently drives a PWFA in the highly nonlinear regime. This scenario explicitly makes use of the advantages unique to each method, particularly exploiting the capabilities of PWFA schemes to provide high-brightness beams, while the LWFA stage inherently fulfils the demand for compact high-current electron bunches required as PWFA drivers. Effectively, the subsequent PWFA stage operates as beam brightness and energy booster of the initial LWFA output, aiming to match the demanding beam quality requirements of accelerator based light sources. We report on numerical studies towards the implementation of a proof-of-principle experiment at the DRACO laser facility at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR).
Mouse model of N -acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase deﬁciency ( Galns (cid:1) / (cid:1) ) produced by targeted disruption of the gene defective in Morquio A disease

Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deﬁciency of N -acetylgalacto-samine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS), a lysosomal enzyme required for the stepwise degradation of keratan sulfate (KS) and chondroitin-6-sulfate (C6S). To generate a model for studies of the pathophysiology and of potential therapies, we disrupted exon 2 of Galns , the homologous murine gene. Homozygous Galns (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice have no detectable GALNS enzyme activity and show increased urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) levels. These mice accumulate GAGs in multiple tissues including liver, kidney, spleen, heart, brain and bone marrow. At 2 months old, lysosomal storage is present primarily within reticuloendothelial cells such as Kupffer cells and cells of the sinusoidal lining of the spleen. Additionally, by 12 months old, vacuolar change is observed in the visceral epithelial cells of glomeruli and cells at the base of heart valves but it is not present in parenchymal cells such as hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells. In the brain, hippocampal and neocortical neurons and meningeal cells had lysosomal storage. KS and C6S were more abundant in the cytoplasm of corneal epithelial cells of Galns (cid:1) / (cid:1) mice compared with wild-type mice by immunohistochemi-stry. Radiographs revealed no change in the skeletal bones of mice up to 12 months old. Thus, targeted disruption of the murine Galns gene has produced a murine model, which shows visceral storage of GAGs but lacks the skeletal features. The complete absence of GALNS in mutant mice makes them useful for studies of pharmacokinetics and tissue targeting of recombinant GALNS designed for enzyme replacement.
THE APPROXIMATION ALGORITHMS FOR ANALYZING OF THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROBING SIGNAL GENERATORS FOR THE GEOTECHNICAL MONITORING SYSTEMS

Published online: 1 May 2018 ANNOTATION The paper considers the issues of development and design of the subsystem for the formation and management of probing signals for geotechnical monitoring, which is based on the method of radio wave sounding of the underground foundation of the buildings. The technique uses the phenomenon of skin effect, which consists in the concentration of currents in the upper narrow conductive layer and penetration into the depth of the surface when scanning with high-frequency and low-frequency signals, respectively. Such adaptive control of the probing signals makes it possible to obtain tomographic information on the state of the underground foundation of the buildings. This technique allowing quickly identify and prevent irreversible processes (destruction, deformation) in soil foundation, which arise under the influence of static, seismic and dynamic loads. The algorithm of analyzing the stability of digital computational synthesizers with automatic compensation of the phase distortions, used as probing signal generators for the geotechnical monitoring systems, is developed. The algorithm is based on the Nyquist criterion and the approximation of the characteristic polynomial by continuous piecewise functions. The algorithm of calculating the dynamic characteristics of digital computational synthesizers is developed on the basis of the spectral method and the approximation of the input signal and the frequency response of the device by continuous piecewise functions.
Magnetic characterization of synthetic titanomagnetites

[ 1 ] A series of four synthetic basalts comprising titanomagnetite (Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 ) grains of varied size and titanium content have been produced by a glass-ceramic method. Complementary characterization techniques of X-ray diffractometry, secondary electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrate the reaction product composition consisted of mainly Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 , pyroxene hedenbergite, fayalite, and SiO 2 . The samples exhibit bimodal distributions of larger ( < 2 m m) and smaller Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 particles ( < 50 nm in diameter), the latter found inside pyroxene crystals, as well as the sporadic occurance of dendritic Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 structures. Magnetic measurements show their bulk characteristics fall into two groups: Ti-rich titanomagnetite samples with varying Ti content; and near-stoichiometric magnetite. The TEM technique of off-axis electron holography allowed for visualization of the magnetic behavior of the synthetic Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 grains. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis and off-axis electron holography conﬁrmed the small Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 grains ( < 50 nm) conﬁned within glassy pyroxene regions to be Fe-rich and single domain, carrying strong magnetic signals, compared to the relatively magnetically weak larger Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 grains ( x (cid:2) 0.6). The large grains in the pure magnetite sample are shown to be pseudo-single domain in nature. The quenching process involved in synthesis is considered similar to that of pillow basalts found at mid-ocean ridges and hence the reaction products are thought ideal in terms of characterization and understanding, for the purpose of studying natural systems.
Patterns of Tobacco Usage and Oral Mucosal Lesions of Industrial Workers: A Cross Sectional Study

Tobacco use is associated with a variety of oral precancerous lesions and cancer. The lesions caused by smokeless tobacco can be reversed by quitting the habit at an earlier stage and providing appropriate treatment. Thus, proving the importance of early diagnosis in prevention of debilitating diseases caused by tobacco use. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and tobacco consumption patterns among industrial workers of an Indian city. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 1500 industrial workers and ethical approval was obtained and informed consent was obtained from the subjects. Tobacco related habits and oral mucosal lesions were recorded using WHO pro forma for recording Oral Mucosal diseases. Tobacco usage was prevalent among 70.8% and prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 30.8%. The odds ratio (OR) for smoking, gutkha chewing, ST (Smokeless Tobacco) and alcohol consumption was 1.08, 1.7, 5.2 and 1.6 respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, the adjusted OR for smokeless tobacco usage (i.e. ST and gutkha) was 12.1. Smokeless tobacco usage was found to be the strongest risk factor for precancerous and cancerous lesions of oral cavity. It is recommended to conduct regular screening and health education program for the industrial workers.