Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient and Robust Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Method Using Ensemble Random Projection in Surveillance Videos

Video anomaly detection is widely applied in modern society, which is achieved by sensors such as surveillance cameras. This paper learns anomalies by exploiting videos under the fully unsupervised setting. To avoid massive computation caused by back-prorogation in existing methods, we propose a novel efficient three-stage unsupervised anomaly detection method. In the first stage, we adopt random projection instead of autoencoder or its variants in previous works. Then we formulate the optimization goal as a least-square regression problem which has a closed-form solution, leading to less computational cost. The discriminative reconstruction losses of normal and abnormal events encourage us to roughly estimate normality that can be further sifted in the second stage with one-class support vector machine. In the third stage, to eliminate the instability caused by random parameter initializations, ensemble technology is performed to combine multiple anomaly detectors’ scores. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that unsupervised ensemble technology is introduced to video anomaly detection research. As demonstrated by the experimental results on several video anomaly detection benchmark datasets, our algorithm robustly surpasses the recent unsupervised methods and performs even better than some supervised approaches. In addition, we achieve comparable performance contrast with the state-of-the-art unsupervised method with much less running time, indicating the effectiveness, efficiency, and robustness of our proposed approach.
Preoperative D-dimer level is an independent prognostic factor for non-small cell lung cancer after surgical resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background Whether high preoperative D-dimer level has any impact on long-term survival of patients with surgically treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted the first meta-analysis focusing specifically on prognostic value of high preoperative D-dimer level in NSCLC patients after surgical resection comprehensively. Methods We conducted a systematic search for relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on January 28, 2019. Data for analysis consisted of hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) from multivariate analysis and were analyzed by using the STATA 12.0 package. Results Finally, we included a total of 6 cohort studies consisting of 1,817 patients with surgically treated NSCLC for analysis. Our meta-analysis found that NSCLC patients with high preoperative D-dimer level had a significantly worse OS (random effects: HR =2.04; 95% CI: 1.30-3.20; P=0.002; I2=67.4%) and DFS (fixed effects: HR =1.98; 95% CI: 1.41-2.78; P<0.001; I2=0.0%) than these with normal preoperative D-dimer level after surgery. However, potential heterogeneity and publication bias was observed during analysis. Conclusions High pretreatment level of D-dimer remains to be an independent predictor of poor prognosis in NSCLC patients after surgery. Further well-conducted studies with appropriate adjustments are needed to confirm and update our conclusions.
ANALYSIS OF CST (CASE, SUPPORT AND TREATMENT) AT H ABDUL MANAP HOSPITAL IN JAMBI CITY IN 2018

Background: The CST clinic of H. Abdul Manap, the regional public hospital is the only type-C a hospital which provides ARV (Anti Retro Viral) treatment service in Jambi City. However, in the past five years, the trend of CST clinic utilization has tended to decrease. This research aims to analyze the factors affecting the decrease in the utilization of the CST clinic of H. Abdul Manap regional public hospital, Jambi City. Method: This study was used the qualitative method with purposive sampling technique. This research conducted in 37 participants were employed to obtain the primary data sources from observation and in-depth interviews with key informants. Those key informants included the management team (3 people), CST Clinic team (7 people), PLWHAs (18 people) and peer counselors (8 people) as well as FGDs (Focus Group Discussions). Results: The commitment of the concerned stakeholders, especially the chairman of the hospital and the CST team members in administering the CST service, has not been maximum. The budget allocation for CST clinic in the hospital was only for and limited to staff incentives. There had been no position for team leaders and case managers, while the doctors and staffs had not received any CST training. Some staffs even served double jobs. Conclusion: The service SOP, as well as the scheduled and continuous monitoring on SOP implementation and progress evaluation according to CST Clinic performance indicators, are required. The necessary of regional policies related to CST service, especially for the provision of CD4 reagents and tariffs; and the hospital director's decree to instruct not to refuse to treat PLWHA are also required. The Implication is a strong commitment from all stakeholders, especially the chairman of the hospital and the CST team members are required to improve the clinic utilization.
School Counselor Transgender Intersex Advocacy Competence Scale (SCTIACS): Construction and Validation

The purpose of this study was to develop the School Counselor Transgender Intersex Advocacy Competence Scale (SCTIACS). The SCTIACS is a training tool to use in teaching school counselors and other school stakeholders to advocate for gender minority students. Development of the SCTIACS involved a three-step process: generating items, reducing items, and gathering data from school counselors to conduct principal component analysis and test validity and reliability.
Grantmaking Foundations’ Asset Management, Payout Rates, and Longevity Under Changing Market Conditions: Results From a Monte Carlo Simulation Study

Today’s uncertain financial markets could affect foundations’ future grantmaking capacities. We review foundations’ financial decision-making patterns and their effect on foundations’ assets, longevity goals, and payouts. Using three fictional foundations with different longevity goals and grantmaking preferences, we demonstrate the delicate balance and tight nexus between asset management strategies, payout rates, and longevity. To do so, we perform stochastic Monte Carlo simulations of multiple foundation life cycles, conducted under diverse capital market scenarios. The findings suggest that foundations should (a) readjust their return expectations to today’s less favorable markets; (b) reduce their reliance on past portfolios’ investment returns or unique “success stories” in making decisions; (c) appreciate the strong interdependence between portfolio-mix, payout rates, and longevity; (d) consider effects of their particular mission/problem area on these parameters; and (e) use tailored projection analyses that simulate various investment strategies, payouts rates, and longevity to meet their grantmaking goals.
Thoracoscopic Findings in IgG4-related Pleuritis

A 46-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital with a 1-year history of dyspnea and persistent right-dominant bilateral pleural effusions. Chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed no notable findings apart from the bilateral pleural effusions. 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-CT showed no accumulation of FDG in the thorax and abdomen. Thoracoscopy revealed numerous small (approximately 2-3 mm in size), blister-like nodules on the left parietal pleura extending from the lower third of the chest wall to the diaphragm. A pathological examination revealed lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltrates with increasing numbers of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the fibrotic pleura, indicating IgG4-related pleuritis.
Arabidopsis NDL-AGB1 modules Play Role in Abiotic Stress and Hormonal Responses Along with Their Specific Functions

Arabidopsis N-MYC Downregulated Like Proteins (NDLs) are interacting partners of G-Protein core components. Animal homologs of the gene family N-myc downstream regulated gene (NDRG) has been found to be induced during hypoxia, DNA damage, in presence of reducing agent, increased intracellular calcium level and in response to metal ions like nickel and cobalt, which indicates the involvement of the gene family during stress responses. Arabidopsis NDL gene family contains three homologs NDL1, NDL2 and NDL3 which share up to 75% identity at protein level. Previous studies on NDL proteins involved detailed characterization of the role of NDL1; roles of other two members were also established in root and shoot development using miRNA knockdown approach. Role of entire family in development has been established but specific functions of NDL2 and NDL3 if any are still unknown. Our in-silico analysis of NDLs promoters reveled that all three members share some common and some specific transcription factors (TFs) binding sites, hinting towards their common as well as specific functions. Based on promoter elements characteristics, present study was designed to carry out comparative analysis of the Arabidopsis NDL family during different stages of plant development, under various abiotic stresses and plant hormonal responses, in order to find out their specific and combined roles in plant growth and development. Developmental analysis using GUS fusion revealed specific localization/expression during different stages of development for all three family members. Stress analysis after treatment with various hormonal and abiotic stresses showed stress and tissue-specific differential expression patterns for all three NDL members. All three NDL members were collectively showed role in dehydration stress along with specific responses to various treatments. Their specific expression patterns were affected by presence of interacting partner the Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G-protein β subunit 1 (AGB1). The present study will improve our understanding of the possible molecular mechanisms of action of the independent NDL–AGB1 modules during stress and hormonal responses. These findings also suggest potential use of this knowledge for crop improvement.
The computational study of sand dune architecture – pre-simulation for sand forming with wind-directing robots

ABSTRACT This paper examines the relationship between computer fluid dynamics and mass physics simulation in a desert-like space with obstacles. By using the result of these simulations, a shape and its behaviour of obstacles called ‘wind-directing robots’ are designed. Those shapes as well as behaviours make sand dune much controllable in order to realise a large-scale additive construction method. By utilising local materials and natural energy, in here sand and wind, as the main sources of power to form materials, the final outcome of this research enables us to increase the efficiency in future construction as well as create architectural ecosystems that consume less energy.
Mimosine Increases the Expressions of Tyrosine Phosphorylated Protein in Mouse Seminal Vesicles

Acute effect of purified mimosine (MiMo) extracted from Leucaena leucocephala on testicular histopathology has been documented with seminal vesicle (SV) atrophy. Since protein phosphorylation and seminal secretions play important roles in sperm physiology, this study aimed to study the alteration of substances including tyrosine phosphorylated (TyrPho) proteins in semin al vesicle treated with MiMo. Male mice were divided into a control and experimental groups treated with purified MiMo at 3 doses of 15, 3 0, and 60 mg/KgBW, respectively for 35 consecutive days. The morphology and weights of SV were compared among groups. The levels of magnesium and fructosamine in SV fluid were assayed. The profiles of equally SV total proteins were compared using SDS-PAGE. Th e expression of seminal TyrPho proteins was detected by western blotting. Recent results showed the decreased weights of SV in Mi M treated mice compared to control. However MiMo in all doses did not affect the levels of magnesium and fructosamine in SV fluid . The SV protein expression of 130 and 55 kDas was obviously decreased in a high dose MiMo. In dose-dependent response, the expressio ns of 72 and 55 kDas TyrPho proteins of SV were increased. In conclusion, MiMo could affect SV morphological size and protein secr etions especially TyrPho proteins.
Working Memory, Attention and Planning and its relationship with Coping among Males with HIV/AIDS in Manipur

The present study attempts to examine the relationship of neuropsychological function and coping strategies used by males with HIV/AIDS in Manipur. Study had been done on 100 males who were HIV/AIDS positive and who were within age range of 20 to 50 years using NIMHANS Neuropsychological Battery and Coping Check List. The present study reveals that there is no relationship of coping strategies with working memory and attention in males with HIV/AIDS. However, the result of this study has shown that emotion focused coping enhanced performance and coping with social support hinders performance to plan and anticipate results of their actions to achieve a predetermined goal.
Explaining Computer Predictions with Augmented Appraisal Degrees

An augmented appraisal degree (AAD) has been conceived as a mathematical representation of the connotative meaning in an experience-based evaluation, which depends on a particular experience or knowledge. Aiming to improve the interpretability of computer predictions, we explore the use of AADs to represent evaluations that are per- formed by a machine to predict the class of a particular object. Hence, we propose a novel method whereby predictions made using a support vector machine classification process are augmented through AADs. An illustra- tive example, in which the classes of handwritten digits are predicted, shows how the augmentation of such predictions can favor their interpretability.
Computer-Aided Discovery of Small Molecule Inhibitors of Thymocyte Selection-Associated High Mobility Group Box Protein (TOX) as Potential Therapeutics for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are the most common primary lymphomas of the skin. We have previously identified thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group (HMG) box protein (TOX) as a promising drug target in CTCL; however, there are currently no small molecules able to directly inhibit TOX. We aimed to address this unmet opportunity by developing anti-TOX therapeutics with the use of computer-aided drug discovery methods. The available NMR-resolved structure of the TOX protein was used to model its DNA-binding HMG-box domain. To investigate the druggability of the corresponding protein–DNA interface on TOX, we performed a pilot virtual screening of 200,000 small molecules using in silico docking and identified ‘hot spots’ for drug-binding on the HMG-box domain. We then performed a large-scale virtual screening of 7.6 million drug-like compounds that were available from the ZINC15 database. As a result, a total of 140 top candidate compounds were selected for subsequent in vitro validation. Of those, 18 small molecules have been characterized as selective TOX inhibitors.
High anti-TNF alfa drugs trough levels are not associated with the occurrence of adverse events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract Objectives: Up to 40% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients treated with anti-TNF drugs lose response within 1 year of treatment, therefore requiring drug optimization. Although higher drug trough levels (TLs) are associated with sustained clinical outcomes, there are concerns that they may be associated with a higher risk of adverse events (AEs). The aim was to evaluate the presence of a possible association between drug TLs and the occurrence of AEs in IBD patients treated with anti-TNF drugs. Methods: We retrospectively studied a cohort of 113 IBD patients treated with adalimumab or infliximab, of whom 27 were in combination therapy with immunosuppressants. TLs were measured using a homogeneous mobility shift assay. Results: During a median follow-up of 16 months (range 1–144), we observed 103 AEs occurring in 58 patients. We found no statistically significant difference (p = .21) in median TLs between patients who did 6.7 mcg/mL; range 0.0–36.2) or did not (7.7 mcg/mL; range 0.0–20.7) experience an AE. No difference was observed in the rate of AEs between patients in mono- or combination therapy (p = .38), as well as between elderly (i.e., >65 years) and younger patients (p = .32). Considering a TL cutoff of 7 mcg/mL for infliximab and 12 mcg/mL for adalimumab, or even double these TL values, we observed no statistically significant difference in the rate of AEs occurrence. Conclusion: Our study suggests that, when clinically required, anti-TNF drug dosage may be increased without particular concerns regarding the risk of AEs occurrence in IBD patients, even in patients on combination therapy and elderly ones.
Uniquely U: The effects of Tertiary Education Disciplines on the Development of Dual Self-Construals and its impact on Conflict Management Tendencies

While the effects of self-construal on one’s conflict management tendencies are welldocumented, the effects of dual self-construals on conflict management tendencies are underexplored. In present paper, two studies were conducted to explore how tertiary education disciplines could influence the development of dual self-construals among Singaporeans which, in turn, determine their conflict management tendencies, as well as, how context influences the switch of different self-construals and conflict management styles. Our findings revealed that individuals from business disciplines displayed greater competitive conflict management tendencies than their peers from social science disciplines and this relationship is mediated by their endorsement of independent self-construal. These findings reiterate the implications of self-construal on conflict management tendencies. Specifically, within societies like Singapore, individual differences in the development of dual selfconstruals is associated with one’s tertiary education disciplines. This then influences conflict management tendencies across individuals with different educational background, yielding significant theoretical and practical implications Table of
Generalized Linear Models for Flexible Parametric Modeling of the Hazard Function

Background. Parametric modeling of survival data is important, and reimbursement decisions may depend on the selected distribution. Accurate predictions require sufficiently flexible models to describe adequately the temporal evolution of the hazard function. A rich class of models is available among the framework of generalized linear models (GLMs) and its extensions, but these models are rarely applied to survival data. This article describes the theoretical properties of these more flexible models and compares their performance to standard survival models in a reproducible case study. Methods. We describe how survival data may be analyzed with GLMs and their extensions: fractional polynomials, spline models, generalized additive models, generalized linear mixed (frailty) models, and dynamic survival models. For each, we provide a comparison of the strengths and limitations of these approaches. For the case study, we compare within-sample fit, the plausibility of extrapolations, and extrapolation performance based on data splitting. Results. Viewing standard survival models as GLMs shows that many impose a restrictive assumption of linearity. For the case study, GLMs provided better within-sample fit and more plausible extrapolations. However, they did not improve extrapolation performance. We also provide guidance to aid in choosing between the different approaches based on GLMs and their extensions. Conclusions. The use of GLMs for parametric survival analysis can outperform standard parametric survival models, although the improvements were modest in our case study. This approach is currently seldom used. We provide guidance on both implementing these models and choosing between them. The reproducible case study will help to increase uptake of these models.
Evolution of the Auxin Response Factors from charophyte ancestors

Auxin is a major developmental regulator in plants and the acquisition of a transcriptional response to auxin likely contributed to developmental innovations at the time of water-to-land transition. Auxin Response Factors (ARFs) Transcription Factors (TFs) that mediate auxin-dependent transcriptional changes are divided into A, B and C evolutive classes in land plants. The origin and nature of the first ARF proteins in algae is still debated. Here, we identify the most ‘ancient’ ARF homologue to date in the early divergent charophyte algae Chlorokybus atmophyticus, CaARF. Structural modelling combined with biochemical studies showed that CaARF already shares many features with modern ARFs: it is capable of oligomerization, interacts with the TOPLESS co-repressor and specifically binds Auxin Response Elements as dimer. In addition, CaARF possesses a DNA-binding specificity that differs from class A and B ARFs and that was maintained in class C ARF along plants evolution. Phylogenetic evidence together with CaARF biochemical properties indicate that the different classes of ARFs likely arose from an ancestral proto-ARF protein with class C-like features. The foundation of auxin signalling would have thus happened from a pre-existing hormone-independent transcriptional regulation together with the emergence of a functional hormone perception complex.
Sclerosing osteomyelitis of Garré: A confusing clinical diagnosis

We describe a rare case of sclerosing osteomyelitis of Garré in a 63-year-old woman with uncontrolled right thigh pain. She had suffered from lower back pain and radiating pain on the right lower leg for a year and 4 months and so had spine surgery 8 months ago. But the right thigh pain persisted, and the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) remained abnormal. Right femur radiographs showed cortical thickening on the proximal femur. Magnetic resonance images showed T2 hypersignal intensity lesions in the proximal femur. Under suspicion of osteoid osteoma or sclerosing osteomyelitis, surgery was performed with biopsy, bone curettage, and drilling. The culture was negative, and the biopsy showed chronic osteomyelitis. Despite surgery, the levels of CRP and ESR still remained abnormal. After using venous antibiotics, the pain subsided and CRP and ESR levels turned to normal. Followed by 6 weeks of oral antibiotics, pain was relieved after 1-year follow-up.