Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Outcome in Takotsubo Syndrome: Data From the International Takotsubo Registry

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for mortality. The prevalence, clinical correlates, and prognostic impact of AF in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) have not yet been investigated in a large patient cohort. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical correlates, and prognostic impact of AF in patients with TTS. Methods and Results Patients with TTS were enrolled from the International Takotsubo Registry, which is a multinational network with 26 participating centers in Europe and the United States. Patients were dichotomized according to the presence or absence of AF at the time of admission. Of 1584 patients with TTS, 112 (7.1%) had AF. The mean age was higher (P<0.001), and there were fewer women (P=0.046) in the AF than in the non‐AF group. Left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower (P=0.001), and cardiogenic shock was more often observed (P<0.001) in the AF group. Both in‐hospital (P<0.001) and long‐term mortality (P<0.001) were higher in the AF group. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that AF was independently associated with higher long‐term mortality (hazard ratio, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.50–3.55; P<0.001). Among patients with AF on admission, 42% had no known history of AF before the acute TTS event, and such patients had comparable in‐hospital and long‐term outcomes compared with those with a history of AF. Conclusions In patients presenting with TTS, AF on admission is significantly associated with increased in‐hospital and long‐term mortality rates. Whether antiarrhythmics and/or cardioversion are beneficial in TTS with AF should thus be tested in a future trial. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov; Unique identifier: NCT01947621.
Curcumin mediates autophagy and apoptosis in granulosa cells: a study of integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate toxicological mechanisms

Abstract Curcumin (Cur) is a flavonoid derived from Curcuma longa L. that has been shown to have a variety of biological activities, but some previous studies have described its non-negligible negative effects on female reproduction and embryo development. To further explore the toxic stress effect, this study investigated apoptosis and autophagy of healthy buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) derived granulosa cells (GCs) exposed to Cur and/or autophagy inhibitors. Results showed that Cur declined viability of GCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Apoptosis was observed in Cur-treated GCs from 3 h. Meanwhile, under Cur stress, autophagosomes accumulated in cells, and the expression levels of autophagy key proteins LC3 and Beclin 1 were up-regulated, suggesting that Cur could induce autophagy in GCs. Early autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) increased the apoptosis rate of Cur exposed GCs, but the autophagosome degradation inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) had no effect on the apoptosis rate. The network pharmacological and molecular docking analysis indicated that the perturbation of IKK/NF-κB might be the cause of Cur toxicity toward GCs. This study unveiled another side of Cur pharmacological effects that programmed cell death can be induced by Cur in GCs, suggesting that it should be prudent to use Cur as a clinical drug for its side effects on the female reproductive system.
Characterization of Oxygenates, Nitrogenates, and Sulfonates in Shengli Lignite Extracts by Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

ABSTRACT A series of carbon disulfide/acetone mixtures were used to extract organic species from Shengli lignite, a Chinese coal. Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization was used to characterize the molecules in the extracts. Heteroatomic species, including oxygenates, nitrogenates, and sulfonates, were determined. Pure carbon disulfide or acetone had the lowest extraction for oxygenates while the mixtures increased the relative abundance of oxygenates. From the value of the double bond equivalence, the compounds with 1 oxygen contained the highest concentrations of aromatics and aliphatics, but compounds with 6 were aliphatic with a double bond equivalence of 3. For compounds containing 2 oxygens, aromatics with one ring were present at the highest concentrations in the 1:1 carbon disulfide:acetone extract. For compounds containing 3, 4, and 5 oxygens, most aromatic species were identified with double bond equivalence values between 4 and 6, showing the presence of an aromatic ring. The results indicated that the solvent mixtures enhanced the extraction of oxygenates from Shengli lignite.
Vitreous proteomics, a gateway to improved understanding and stratification of diverse uveitis aetiologies

The vitreous proteome might provide an attractive gateway to discriminate between various uveitis aetiologies and gain novel insights into the underlying pathophysiological processes. Here, we investigated 180 vitreous proteins to discover novel biomarkers and broaden disease insights by comparing (1). primary vitreoretinal lymphoma ((P)VRL) versus other aetiologies, (2). sarcoid uveitis versus tuberculosis (TB)‐associated uveitis and (3). granulomatous (sarcoid and TB) uveitis versus other aetiologies.
Serum Antibody Activity against Poly-N-Acetyl Glucosamine (PNAG), but Not PNAG Vaccination Status, Is Associated with Protecting Newborn Foals against Intrabronchial Infection with Rhodococcus equi

Pneumonia caused by R. equi is an important cause of disease and death in foals worldwide for which a licensed vaccine is lacking. Foals are exposed to R. equi in their environment from birth, and they appear to be infected soon after parturition at an age when innate and adaptive immune responses are diminished. ABSTRACT Rhodococcus equi is a prevalent cause of pneumonia in foals worldwide. Our laboratory has demonstrated that vaccination against the surface polysaccharide β-1→6-poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) protects foals against intrabronchial infection with R. equi when challenged at age 28 days. However, it is important that the efficacy of this vaccine be evaluated in foals when they are infected at an earlier age, because foals are naturally exposed to virulent R. equi in their environment from birth and because susceptibility is inversely related to age in foals. Using a randomized, blind experimental design, we evaluated whether maternal vaccination against PNAG protected foals against intrabronchial infection with R. equi 6 days after birth. Vaccination of mares per se did not significantly reduce the incidence of pneumonia in foals; however, activities of antibody against PNAG or for deposition of complement component 1q onto PNAG was significantly (P < 0.05) higher among foals that did not develop pneumonia than among foals that developed pneumonia. Results differed between years, with evidence of protection during 2018 but not 2020. In the absence of a licensed vaccine, further evaluation of the PNAG vaccine is warranted, including efforts to optimize the formulation and dose of this vaccine. IMPORTANCE Pneumonia caused by R. equi is an important cause of disease and death in foals worldwide for which a licensed vaccine is lacking. Foals are exposed to R. equi in their environment from birth, and they appear to be infected soon after parturition at an age when innate and adaptive immune responses are diminished. Results of this study indicate that higher activity of antibodies recognizing PNAG was associated with protection against R. equi pneumonia, indicating the need for further optimization of maternal vaccination against PNAG to protect foals against R. equi pneumonia.
QuAMD: An end-to-end oracle for Question and Answering in the Medical Domain

An effective question answering (QA) system presents significant opportunities, especially in the medical domain, where doctors can obtain answers to obscure medical questions. A questionanswering pipeline consists of three main stages [Nogueira and Cho, 2019]. First, a large number possibly relevant documents to a given question are retrieved through a search engine. Next, each of these documents is scored and re-ranked by a more computationally-intensive method. Finally, the top documents will be the input for a QA system for extracting or generating the answer.
Promoters are key organizers of the duplication of vertebrate genomes

In vertebrates, single cell analyses of replication timing patterns brought to light a very well controlled program suggesting a tight regulation on initiation sites. Mapping of replication origins with different methods has revealed discrete preferential sites, enriched in promoters and potential G‐quadruplex motifs, which can aggregate into initiation zones spanning several tens of kilobases (kb). Another characteristic of replication origins is a nucleosome‐free region (NFR). A modified yeast strain containing a humanized origin recognition complex (ORC) fires new origins at NFRs revealing their regulatory role. In cooperation with NFRs, the histone variant H2A.Z facilitates ORC loading through di‐methylation of lysine 20 of histone H4. Recent studies using genome editing methods show that efficient initiation sites associated with transcriptional activity can synergize over several tens of kb by establishing physical contacts and lead to the formation of early domains of DNA replication demonstrating a co‐regulation between replication initiation and transcription.
Experimental and Computational Exploration of the NaF–ThF4 Fuel System: Structure and Thermochemistry

The structural, thermochemical, and thermophysical properties of the NaF–ThF4 fuel system were studied with experimental methods and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Equilibrium MD (EMD) simulations using the polarizable ion model were performed to calculate the density, molar volume, thermal expansion, mixing enthalpy, heat capacity, and distribution of [ThFn]m− complexes in the (Na,Th)Fx melt over the full concentration range at various temperatures. The phase equilibria in the 10–50 mol % ThF4 and 85–95 mol % ThF4 regions of the NaF–ThF4 phase diagram were measured using differential scanning calorimetry, as were the mixing enthalpies at 1266 K of (NaF/ThF4) = (0.8:0.2), (0.7:0.3) mixtures. Furthermore, the β-Na2ThF6 and NaTh2F9 compounds were synthesized and subsequently analyzed with the use of X-ray diffraction. The heat capacities of both compounds were measured in the temperature ranges (2–271 K) and (2–294 K), respectively, by thermal relaxation calorimetry. Finally, a CALPHAD model coupling the structural and thermodynamic data was developed using both EMD and experimental data as input and a quasichemical formalism in the quadruplet approximation. Here, 7- and 8-coordinated Th4+ cations were introduced on the cationic sublattice alongside a 13-coordinated dimeric species to reproduce the chemical speciation, as calculated by EMD simulations and to provide a physical description of the melt.
Increased plasma and milk short-chain acylcarnitines concentrations reflect systemic LPS response in mid-lactation dairy cows.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) challenge the metabolic integrity of high yielding dairy cows, activating the immune system and altering energy metabolism. Fatty acid oxidation, a major energy gaining pathway, can be improved by supplementary carnitine, facilitating the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria. The metabolic response to LPS challenge could alter both the plasma and the milk metabolome. Plasma and milk samples collected from cows treated with (n=27) or without (n=27) dietary carnitine, before and after intravenous administration of LPS, were subjected to a targeted metabolomics analysis. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed that both plasma and milk metabolome changed in response to the LPS challenge in both the carnitine supplemented as well as the control cows. Short-chain acylcarnitines (carbon chain length C2, C3, C4, and C5) and long-chain acylcarnitines (C14, C16, and C18) had the highest performance to indicate LPS response when testing the predictive power of single metabolites using receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) analysis. The maximum area under a ROC curve (AUC) was 0.93. Biogenic amines, including sarcosine, and amino acids such as glutamine and isoleucine had AUC > 0.80 indicating metabolic changes due to LPS challenge. In summary, the metabolites involved in the LPS response were acylcarnitines C2 and C5, sarcosine, glutamine, and isoleucine in plasma, and acylcarnitines C4 and C5 in milk. The interrelationship of plasma and milk metabolome included correlation of acylcarnitines C2, C4, and C5 between plasma and milk.
Deep Learning Network for Segmentation of the Prostate Gland With Median Lobe Enlargement in T2-weighted MR Images: Comparison With Manual Segmentation Method.

PURPOSE Aim of this study was to evaluate a fully automated deep learning network named Efficient Neural Network (ENet) for segmentation of prostate gland with median lobe enlargement compared to manual segmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-hundred-three patients with median lobe enlargement on prostate MRI were retrospectively included. Ellipsoid formula, manual segmentation and automatic segmentation were used for prostate volume estimation using T2 weighted MRI images. ENet was used for automatic segmentation; it is a deep learning network developed for fast inference and high accuracy in augmented reality and automotive scenarios. Student t-test was performed to compare prostate volumes obtained with ellipsoid formula, manual segmentation, and automated segmentation. To provide an evaluation of the similarity or difference to manual segmentation, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), dice similarity coefficient (DSC), volume overlap error (VOE), and volumetric difference (VD) were calculated. RESULTS Differences between prostate volume obtained from ellipsoid formula versus manual segmentation and versus automatic segmentation were statistically significant (P < 0.049318 and P < 0.034305, respectively), while no statistical difference was found between volume obtained from manual versus automatic segmentation (P = 0.438045). The performance of ENet versus manual segmentations was good providing a sensitivity of 93.51%, a PPV of 87.93%, a DSC of 90.38%, a VOE of 17.32% and a VD of 6.85%. CONCLUSION The presence of median lobe enlargement may lead to MRI volume overestimation when using the ellipsoid formula so that a segmentation method is recommended. ENet volume estimation showed great accuracy in evaluation of prostate volume similar to that of manual segmentation.
The nature of intraspecific and interspecific genome size variation in taxonomically complex eyebrights

Abstract Background and aims Genome size varies considerably across the diversity of plant life. Although genome size is, by definition, affected by genetic presence/absence variants, which are ubiquitous in population sequencing studies, genome size is often treated as an intrinsic property of a species. Here, we studied intra- and interspecific genome size variation in taxonomically complex British eyebrights (Euphrasia, Orobanchaceae). Our aim is to document genome size diversity and investigate underlying evolutionary processes shaping variation between individuals, populations and species. Methods We generated genome size data for 192 individuals of diploid and tetraploid Euphrasia and analysed genome size variation in relation to ploidy, taxonomy, population affiliation and geography. We further compared the genomic repeat content of 30 samples. Key results We found considerable intraspecific genome size variation, and observed isolation-by-distance for genome size in outcrossing diploids. Tetraploid Euphrasia showed contrasting patterns, with genome size increasing with latitude in outcrossing Euphrasia arctica, but with little genome size variation in the highly selfing Euphrasia micrantha. Interspecific differences in genome size and the genomic proportions of repeat sequences were small. Conclusions We show the utility of treating genome size as the outcome of polygenic variation. Like other types of genetic variation, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, genome size variation may be affected by ongoing hybridization and the extent of population subdivision. In addition to selection on associated traits, genome size is predicted to be affected indirectly by selection due to pleiotropy of the underlying presence/absence variants.
Delay between clinical presentation and treatment of deep venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and regression of thrombosis

Introduction The objective was to investigate the delay between the onset of DVT symptoms and start of anticoagulation in common practice, assess whether this has any impact on the recanalization of venous thrombosis over one year follow up. Methods A prospective observational study on 76 consecutive patients (39 men, 51.3%) with DVT diagnosed using compression ultrasound (CUS). Timing was classified as very early treatment ≤72 hours, early treatment ˂7 days and late treatment ≥7 days from onset of symptoms. Further development of the disease was monitored by CUS in scheduled visits 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the start of treatment. Results Mean delay from symptom onset to the start of anticoagulation was 11.1 days (median 7 days, range 1-42 days) with significant difference (p˂0.05) between proximal (12.9 days, median 30 days) and distal DVT (6.5 days, median 2 days). In less than 25% of all patients, with both proximal and distal DVT, treatment was started very early (≤72 hours), 40 patients (52.6%) received late treatment ≥7 days. There was a positive correlation between delay, average time of complete recanalization (≤72 hours 4.2 months, ≥7 days 5.3 months, p˂0.05) and rate of incomplete recanalization (≤72 hours 7.3%, ≥7 days 30.9%, p˂0.01) in proximal DVT, not in distal DVT. Conclusions There was a delay of ≥7 days in treating in more than half of our patients. The mean interval between clinical onset and start of treatment was significantly shorter and a delay ≥7 days significantly less frequent in patients with distal DVT compared to patients with proximal DVT. A very significant positive correlation between delay in treatment and rate of incomplete recanalization of proximal and distal thrombosis indicates that delayed anticoagulation could be a signal risk factor for the incomplete recanalization and development of PTS.
Language proficiency and mental disorders among migrants: A systematic review

Background In this review, we aimed to evaluate the association between language proficiency (LP) and the prevalence and severity of mental disorders in migrants. Secondarily, we aimed to consider whether sociodemographic and migration-related factors may affect the correlation between LP and mental disorders. Methods MEDLINE, PsycArticles, EMBASE, and PsycInfo were systematically searched in April 2020 to identify original studies reporting prevalence of psychiatric symptoms or disorders among migrants and taking into account linguistic factors. Results The search of electronic databases initially yielded 1,944 citations. Of the 197 full texts assessed for eligibility, 41 studies were selected for inclusion in the systematic review. Thirty-five of the papers included reported a significant negative association between low LP and prevalence and/or severity of psychiatric symptoms or disorders, whereas only two records found the opposite relationship and four papers reported no association between them. Inadequate LP was consistently associated with several mental disorders in migrants, including psychotic, mood, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders. Notably, all the four longitudinal studies that met inclusion criteria for this review reported a positive effect of LP acquisition over time on prevalence or symptom severity of mental disorders. Conclusions Even though larger prospective studies are needed to better evaluate the relationship between LP and psychiatric disorders among migrants, we believe that the present findings could be inspiring for authorities to provide support and courses to improve migrants’ language proficiency upon arrival.
Purification technology of paeoniflorin and albiflorin from Paeonia lactiflora Pall

Objective To analyze paeoniflorin and albiflorin content in Paeonia lactiflora Pall from different areas and investigate the optimal monomers purification technology.Methods The contents of paeoniflorin and albiflorin in Paeonia lactiflora Pall from six different areas were rapidly detected with high performance thin-layer chromatography(HPTLC),AB-8 macro-porous adsorption resin and silica-gel chromatography technologies were combined,eluted with 25% ethanol and chloroform/acetone solvent system respectively,used for the isolation and purification of paeoniflorin and albiflorin,and tested by high performance liquid chromatography.Results Corresponding monomers would be prepared and both purity≥98% when the production ratio were 1.3% and 0.4%,and the recovery ratio of the constituents were 52.2% and 38.5% respectively.Conclusions The isolation and purification method is reliable,and the content of raw material in Hunan province was notably higher than that in other districts which can be conveniently industrial produced.
A systematic review and meta-analysis: Effects of protein hydrolysate supplementation on fat-free mass and strength in resistance-trained individuals

Abstract The quality of the existing evidence on the effects of protein hydrolysate supplementation on fat-free mass (FFM) and upper and lower body strength under resistance exercise intervention has not been evaluated. We conducted a structured literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus database. A random effect model was used with continuous data of FFM and upper and lower body strength for healthy participants over 18 years old who received resistance training for 4 weeks and took protein hydrolysate or equivalent control supplements. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also conducted. Data from 330 participants in eight studies showed that supplemental protein hydrolysate had a positive effect on the FFM (n = 13, SMD = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16–0.56, P = 0.000) and lower (n = 7, SMD = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.16–0.69, P = 0.001) and upper (n = 5, SMD = 0.17, 95% CI: −0.06–0.41, P = 0.145) body strength of resistance-trained individuals compared with placebo, showing an increase in physical fitness and muscle strength. However, the current evidence is insufficient to establish ingestion recommendations.