Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of animal welfare-, environmental-, and health-focused video appeals on implicit and explicit wanting of meat and intentions to reduce meat consumption

ABSTRACT The production of meat and its consumption are associated with negative consequences for the environment, the animals raised and slaughtered for food, and the health of those who consume animal-based foods. We investigated whether video appeals that addressed these topics affected participants’ wanting of meat and intentions to reduce meat relative to a control video. Results indicated only the environmental video led to increased intentions to reduce meat relative to controls. Nevertheless, implicit wanting of meat was lower in all three experimental conditions compared to the control condition. Additionally, moral emotions and agreement with the video’s message mediated the relationships between condition and implicit wanting and intentions for the animal welfare and environment conditions. For the health condition, only agreement with the message served as a mediator. These results suggest that although animal welfare-, environmental-, and health-focused video appeals may be effective at shifting immediate desire to consume meat, environmental video appeals may be the most effective for increasing intentions to change future meat intake.
Evaluation of implicit solvent models in molecular dynamics simulation of α-Synuclein

Abstract We report conventional and accelerated molecular dynamics simulations of α-Synuclein, designed to assess performance of using different starting conformation, solvation environment and force field combination. Backbone and sidechain chemical shifts, radius of gyration, presence of β-hairpin structures in KTK(E/Q)GV repeats and secondary structure percentages were used to evaluate how variations in forcefield, solvation model and simulation protocol provide results that correlate with experimental findings. We show that with suitable choice of forcefield and solvent, ff03ws and OBC implicit model, respectively, acceptable reproduction of experimental data on size and secondary structure is obtained by both conventional and accelerated MD. In contrast to the implicit solvent model, simulations in explicit TIP4P/2005 solvent do not properly represent size or secondary structure of α-Synuclein. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Nonconscious information can be identified as task-relevant but not prioritized in working memory

Abstract Two critical features of working memory are the identification and appropriate use of task-relevant information while avoiding distraction. Here, in 3 experiments, we explored if these features can be achieved also for nonconscious stimuli. Participants performed a delayed match-to-sample task in which task relevance of 2 competing stimuli was indicated by a cue, and continuous flash suppression was used to manipulate the conscious/nonconscious visual experience. Experiment 1 revealed better-than-chance performance with nonconscious stimuli, demonstrating goal-directed use of nonconscious task-relevant information. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the cue that defined task relevance must be conscious to allow such goal-directed use. In Experiment 3, multi-voxel pattern analyses of brain activity revealed that only the target was prioritized and maintained during conscious trials. Conversely, during nonconscious trials, both target and distractor were maintained. However, decoding of task relevance during the probe/test phase demonstrated identification of both target and distractor information. These results show that identification of task-relevant information can operate also on nonconscious material. However, they do not support the prioritization of nonconscious task-relevant information, thus suggesting a mismatch in the attentional mechanisms involved during conscious and nonconscious working memory.
Using Journey Mapping to support staff, family members and allies of people with dementia to think and act differently during a care transition: The benefits and limits of care imagination

Research methods are not just for data collection, but can also be engaged in to promote more immediate benefits for participants and to create social change. This paper reports on how journey mapping was used with staff and family members of people with dementia in a residential aged care facility in regional NSW, Australia. The study was conducted in the context of a care transition, where residents, including people with dementia moved from an existing site to another new facility. Care transitions are frequent yet difficult for people with dementia to negotiate, so it was important to predict their nature and understand what might make the move easier. We used an innovative visual method known as ‘journey mapping’ to engage 45 staff and 18 family members to inform supports for 30 people with dementia, who had been identified as needing additional support during the planned transition. The journey mapping process was useful for fostering the caring imagination and encouraging active and creative planning around change for the people with dementia. It also highlighted the entrenched inequalities in the aged care sector, where poorly paid staff wanted to enact broad ranging supports but felt unsupported to do so. In other words, to improving and re-imagining transitional care for people with dementia requires structural and systemic change rather than just localised re-imaginings. [245]
Software Selection based on Quantitative Security Risk Assessment

software products often exist on the same server and therefore vulnerability in one product might compromise the entire system. It is imperative to perform a security risk assessment during the selection of the candidate software products that become part of a larger system. Having a quantitative security risk assessment model provides an objective criterion for such assessment and comparison between candidate software systems. In this paper, we present a software product evaluation method using such a quantitative security risk assessment model. This method utilizes prior research in quantitative security risk assessment, which is based on empirical data from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD), and compares the security risk levels of the products evaluated. We introduced topic modeling to build a security risk assessment model. The risk model is created using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to classify the vulnerabilities into topics, which are then used as the measurement instruments to evaluate the candidate software product. Such a procedure could supplement the existing selection process, to assist the decision makers to evaluate open-source software (OSS) systems, to ensure that it is safe and secure enough to be put into their environment. Finally, the procedure is demonstrated using an experimental case study.
Multi-omic analysis shows REVEILLE clock genes are involved in carbohydrate metabolism and proteasome function.

Plants are able to sense changes in their light environments, such as the onset of day and night, as well as anticipate these changes in order to adapt and survive. Central to this ability is the plant circadian clock, a molecular circuit that precisely orchestrates plant cell processes over the course of a day. REVEILLE proteins (RVEs) are recently discovered members of the plant circadian circuitry that activate the evening complex and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) genes to maintain regular circadian oscillation. The REVEILLE (RVE) 8 protein and its two homologs, RVE 4 and 6 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), have been shown to limit the length of the circadian period, with rve 4 6 8 triple-knockout plants possessing an elongated period along with increased leaf surface area, biomass, cell size and delayed flowering relative to wild-type Col-0 plants. Here, using a multi-omics approach consisting of phenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics we draw new connections between RVE8-like proteins and a number of core plant cell processes. In particular, we reveal that loss of RVE8-like proteins results in altered carbohydrate, organic acid and lipid metabolism, including a starch excess phenotype at dawn. We further demonstrate that rve 4 6 8 plants have lower levels of 20S proteasome subunits and possess significantly reduced proteasome activity, potentially explaining the increase in cell-size observed in RVE8-like mutants. Overall, this robust, multi-omic dataset provides substantial insight into the far-reaching impact RVE8-like proteins have on the diel plant cell environment.
Potential Explanatory Factors for the Concurrent Experience of Dyspnea and Pain in Patients with COPD

Abstract Previous research has identified unexpectedly strong associations between dyspnea and pain, but the reasons remain unclear. Ascertaining the underlying biological and psychological mechanisms might enhance the understanding of the experience of both conditions, and suggest novel treatments. We sought to elucidate whether demographic factors, disease severity, psychological symptoms and biomarkers might account for the association between pain and dyspnea in individuals with COPD. We analyzed data from 301 patients with COPD who were followed in a prospective longitudinal observational study over 2 years. Measures included self-reported dyspnea and pain, pulmonary function tests, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, measures of physical deconditioning, and scales for depression and anxiety. Analyses involved cross-sectional and longitudinal linear regression models. Pain and dyspnea were strongly correlated cross-sectionally (r = 0.77, 95% CI 0.72–0.82) and simultaneously across time (r = 0.42, 95% CI 0.28–0.56). Accounting for any of the other health factors only slightly mitigated the associations. Symptoms of pain and dyspnea thus may be fundamentally linked in COPD, rather than being mediated by common biological, psychological, or functional factors. From the patient’s perspective, pain and dyspnea may be part of the same essential experience. It is possible that treatments for one condition would improve the other.
Polysaccharide extract from Isatidis Radix inhibits multiple inflammasomes activation and alleviate gouty arthritis

The polysaccharide extract from Isatidis Radix exhibits potent antiinflammatory and antiviral activities, but the mechanism of Isatidis Radix polysaccharide (IRP) remains obscure. Herein, we reported that IRP blocked the activation of nod‐like receptor pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, leading to the inhibiting of caspase‐1 cleavage and IL‐1β secretion. Mechanistically, IRP did not inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome through suppressing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production. However, IRP can significantly suppress the oligomerization of apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein (ASC) and subsequently block the formation of inflammasome. Next, we evaluate the role of IRP in monosodium urate (MSU)‐induced gout in vivo which is a NLRP3‐associated disease. We also observed that oral administration of IRP can reduce the increased ankle thickness and the secretion of IL‐1β, IL‐18, IL‐6, TNF‐α and MPO of the mouse ankle joints caused by MSU crystals. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis highlighted a significant modulation of T helper 17 cells (Th17)/regulatory T cells (Treg) following IRP treatment in MSU induced gout. Overall, our findings suggest that IRP has comprehensive and potent antiinflammatory effects and provide a reasonable therapeutic strategy in preventing inflammasome‐associated diseases, such as inflammatory gouty arthritis.
Microbial Diversity and Interaction Specificity in Kombucha Tea Fermentations

Through an integration of metagenomic and experimental approaches, our work reveals the diversity and nature of interactions among key taxa in kombucha microbiomes through the construction of synthetic microbial pairs. Manipulation of these microbes in kombucha has the potential to shape both the fermentation qualities of kombucha and the production of biofilms and is valuable for kombucha beverage producers, biofilm engineers, and synthetic ecologists. ABSTRACT Despite the popularity of kombucha tea, the distribution of different microbes across kombucha ferments and how those microbes interact within communities are not well characterized. Using metagenomics, comparative genomics, synthetic community experiments, and metabolomics, we determined the taxonomic, ecological, and functional diversity of 23 distinct kombuchas from across the United States. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing demonstrated that the bacterium Komagataeibacter rhaeticus and the yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis were the most common microbes in the sampled kombucha communities. To determine the specificity of bacterium-yeast interactions, we experimentally quantified microbial interactions within kombucha biofilms by measuring densities of interacting species and biofilm production. In pairwise combinations of bacteria and yeast, B. bruxellensis and individual strains of Komagataeibacter spp. were sufficient to form kombucha fermentations with robust biofilms, but Zygosaccharomyces bisporus, another yeast found in kombucha, did not stimulate bacteria to produce biofilms. Profiling the spent media of both yeast species using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy suggested that the enhanced ability of B. bruxellensis to ferment and produce key metabolites in sucrose-sweetened tea may explain why it stimulates biofilm formation. Comparative genomics demonstrated that Komagataeibacter spp. with >99% genomic similarity can still have dramatic differences in biofilm production, with strong producers yielding five times more biofilm than the weakest producers. IMPORTANCE Through an integration of metagenomic and experimental approaches, our work reveals the diversity and nature of interactions among key taxa in kombucha microbiomes through the construction of synthetic microbial pairs. Manipulation of these microbes in kombucha has the potential to shape both the fermentation qualities of kombucha and the production of biofilms and is valuable for kombucha beverage producers, biofilm engineers, and synthetic ecologists.
Outcomes of an Innovative Best Practice Clinical Immersion Framework

Background: Academic nursing has a long history of partnering with practice-based settings to provide clinical learning experiences for nursing students; however, these placements are not easily obtained, especially in pediatrics. Approach: A freestanding academic pediatric hospital and 3 academic nursing programs collaborated to provide clinical practice to nursing students hired in a practice-based internship program. A second aim was to pilot a best practice clinical immersion framework to provide academic credit to bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) students using a shared clinical syllabus and e-learning platform. Outcomes: Sixteen nursing students successfully completed the program; 11 (68.7%) completed the pre- and postevaluation with significant (P < .05) changes in scores for 7 of the 20 questions. Conclusion: This best practice clinical immersion framework provided a strategy for obtaining clinical practice and academic credit, demonstrating the potential of innovative practice-academic partnerships. Further, this framework can be easily adapted in other practice-academic partnerships in all clinical areas.
Neuropathic‐like pain symptoms in inflammatory hand osteoarthritis lower quality of life and may not decrease under prednisolone treatment

Pain is common in hand osteoarthritis (OA) and multiple types may occur. We investigated the prevalence, associated patient characteristics, influence on health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) and response to anti‐inflammatory treatment of neuropathic‐like pain in inflammatory hand OA.
Mechanical or biologic prostheses for mitral valve replacement: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Either a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve is used in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement (MVR). However, the optimal mitral prosthesis remains controversial. The aim of this meta‐analysis was thus to compare outcomes between mechanical mitral valve replacement (MVRm) and bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement (MVRb) for MVR patients. We searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from January 1, 2000 to October 31, 2021 for studies that directly compared surgical outcomes of MVRm and MVRb. A total of 22 studies with 35 903 patients were included in the meta‐analysis (n = 23 868 MVRm and n = 12 035 MVRb). The MVRm group displayed lower long‐term all causes mortality (HR, 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77−0.91; p < .0001; I² = 51%), and fewer mitral reoperation (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.23−0.50; p < .00001; I² = 74%) than MVRb group. However, the MVRm group was associated with a greater risk of major bleeding events (HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.14−1.29; p < .00001; I² = 0%), stroke and systemic embolism (HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.10−1.32; p < .0001; I² = 0%) in matched or adjusted data. No significant difference was observed between MVRm and MVRb on operative mortality in matched/adjusted group (risk ratios: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.66−1.05; p = .12; I² = 0%). The results were consistent with patients aged under 70 years old. Patients who received a MVRm is associated with 16% lower risk of long‐term mortality and 66% lower risk of mitral reoperation, but 20% greater risk of stroke or systemic embolism, 21% greater risk of major bleeding compared with MVRb in matched/adjusted studies group, which were consistent to patients younger than the age of 70 years who underwent MVR.
Proteomic and metabolic disturbances in lignin-modified Brachypodium distachyon

Abstract Lignin biosynthesis begins with the deamination of phenylalanine and tyrosine (Tyr) as a key branch point between primary and secondary metabolism in land plants. Here, we used a systems biology approach to investigate the global metabolic responses to lignin pathway perturbations in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. We identified the lignin biosynthetic protein families and found that ammonia-lyases (ALs) are among the most abundant proteins in lignifying tissues in grasses. Integrated metabolomic and proteomic data support a link between lignin biosynthesis and primary metabolism mediated by the ammonia released from ALs that is recycled for the synthesis of amino acids via glutamine. RNA interference knockdown of lignin genes confirmed that the route of the canonical pathway using shikimate ester intermediates is not essential for lignin formation in Brachypodium, and there is an alternative pathway from Tyr via sinapic acid for the synthesis of syringyl lignin involving yet uncharacterized enzymatic steps. Our findings support a model in which plant ALs play a central role in coordinating the allocation of carbon for lignin synthesis and the nitrogen available for plant growth. Collectively, these data also emphasize the value of integrative multiomic analyses to advance our understanding of plant metabolism.
A randomized trial of ketorolac and metoclopramide for migraine in the emergency department

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a common monotherapy (intravenous [iv] metoclopramide) compared to a combination strategy (adding iv ketorolac to metoclopramide) in children presenting for acute treatment of migraine headache in the emergency department (ED).
Genome Sequence of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum SL1931, a Causal Phytopathogen of Bacterial Wilt Disease in Capsicum annuum and Nicotiana benthamiana

Here, we report the genome sequence of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (R. solanacearum phylotype I) strain SL1931 (KACC10711), isolated from pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) stems; R. solanacearum is the causal pathogen of bacterial wilt. Strain SL1931 had a different type III effector profile than that of the reference genome strain GMI1000. ABSTRACT Here, we report the genome sequence of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (R. solanacearum phylotype I) strain SL1931 (KACC10711), isolated from pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) stems; R. solanacearum is the causal pathogen of bacterial wilt. Strain SL1931 had a different type III effector profile than that of the reference genome strain GMI1000.
A Parametric Predictor for Disturbance Attenuation of Discrete-Time Linear Systems With Input Delays

In this article, a parametric predictor is constructed to predict the future state of a discrete-time linear system with a known constant input delay and external disturbances by introducing a tuning parameter. Then, a predictor-based feedback controller is given to attenuate the unknown disturbance signal. The ultimate bound of the state of the resulted closed-loop system is obtained when the state feedback control law based on this novel predictor is utilized. Based on the expression of the ultimate bounds, the capacity to attenuate the unknown disturbance is analyzed for the parametric predictor within a certain range of parameters. An easily calculated interval is provided for the range of the tuning parameter such that the proposed predictor achieves a better disturbance attenuation capacity. Moreover, for the unknown constant disturbance, the estimation error between the proposed predictor with an arbitrary parameter and the future state can be eliminated. Finally, two numerical examples are utilized to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed parametric predictor for bounded time-varying disturbances.
The independent contribution of muscularity-oriented disordered eating to functional impairment and emotional distress in adult men and women

ABSTRACT Muscularity-oriented disordered eating (MODE) refers to a broad cluster of pathological eating patterns driven by the pursuit of muscularity and leanness. Although increasing attention has been devoted towards understanding these symptoms in men, little work has been conducted to understand MODE in women. It is also unclear whether MODE contributes unique variance to functional impairment and emotional distress beyond thinness-oriented disordered eating symptoms. We addressed these gaps in a sample of 1,321 community-based adult women (n = 1136) and men (n = 185). Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that MODE explained a significant proportion of unique variance in functional impairment in both men and women, even after controlling for traditional thinness-oriented disordered eating symptoms. MODE also contributed unique variance in symptoms of depression and anxiety in women, but not for men. Findings highlight the possible significance of these unique symptoms patterns geared towards the pursuit of muscularity and leanness. MODE symptoms may be a viable target in eating disorder intervention or prevention programs, although further longitudinal research is needed.