Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Genre Structure of Bulletin Board Messages

Messages posted on bulletin boards on the Internet represent a new form of communication. They draw both from casual conversation and from other written genres in their structure and characteristics. In this paper I explore the genre structure of bulletin board posts. Genre is defined a purposeful, goal-oriented activity, which evolves in clearly defined stages. Messages posted on bulletin boards correspond to a variety of genres: argumentation for an opinion, personal attacks on other posters, pros and cons of a certain product, demands for advice, etc. Because the goals of each genre are different, the genres will also be different in structure. This paper provides definitions of four of these genres and an exploration of their structural characteristics. The descriptions are useful in computational applications such as topic classification and information r etrieval.
INLS 490-154W: Information Retrieval Systems Design and Implementation. Fall 2009.

Last time we started working with the text file and saw a toy-example that allowed us to look for a word in a text document. This time we will start making that simple process more sophisticated. At this point it is useful to revisit our model for IR shown in Figure 1. In this class we will focus on the part highlighted with a box, that is, the part that deals with representing textual information. This is really a critical part since it determines how the rest of the model for IR will work. The objective of this part is to represent a collection of documents in such a way that the retrieval process works as effectively and efficiently as possible. This process of adequately and efficiently representing textual information is called indexing. Indexing typically involves the following stages.
A current type PWM rectifier with active damping function

A new control method for current type PWM rectifiers which can provide an active damping function is presented. This damping function is effective only on the harmonic components of AC input current selectively. Thus steady state waveform distortion and transient oscillation of the input current are reduced by the active damping effects. The active damping function can be realized by feedback control of an LC filter connected to the AC side of the rectifier, and it does not require any additional components in the main circuits, permitting a simple circuit configuration. The control system of the proposed PWM rectifier is analyzed by using a simple block diagram developed in the paper. From the analytical results, the influence of the circuit parameters and control delay on the active damping effects and the stability of the operation is clarified to establish the design method. To confirm the effectiveness of the active damping function, some results of basic experiments are included. As an example of application of the active damping function, the proposed rectifier is applied to reduce the harmonic currents generated by conventional rectifiers operating in parallel with the proposed rectifier. Some experimental results in this application are also included.
Statistical modeling and simulation of the RMS delay spread of indoor radio propagation channels

Using a large empirical data base of 12000 impulse response estimates collected in two office buildings the root mean square (rms) delay spread for the individual impulse responses have been calculated and analyzed. Statistical modeling of /spl tau//sub rms/ includes investigation of the local and global distributions, correlations in space, dependence on transmitter-receiver antenna separation, correlations with large scale path losses, and dependence on the dynamic range of measurements. Using the results of the statistical analysis, a simulation model capable of generating a set of /spl tau//sub rms/ values for spatially-adjacent points has been developed. >
A novel sensorless 60/spl deg/-clamping vector classification PWM technique for switching losses reduction in three-phase PFC converters

Performance criteria of three-phase PFC converters improve significantly with increasing the switching frequency, and highly depend on the control strategy used. This paper introduces a novel sensorless 60/spl deg/-clamping vector classification PWM technique for three-phase PFC converters. The proposed scheme needs no current sensor and extra calculation for identification the highest current carrying phase that must not be switched. In addition, classification algorithm offers exact positioning of the switching instants with less computational efforts and therefore shorter sampling period and higher switching frequency are possible, when compared with conventional SVM algorithms. In addition, to reduce the switching and conduction losses a novel switching pattern is presented in this paper. Simulation results on PSCAD/EMTDC software program, confirm the validity of the analytical work.
Digital, additive hysteresis current control with clocked commutations and wide operating range

A new hysteresis current control technique for voltage source inverters is proposed, which uses digital calculation to predict the proper band amplitude in order to minimize the error and give a switching frequency synchronized with a clock. The technique is self-adapting to supply and load parameters, and is easily extended to three-phase systems using the decoupling approach already proposed by the same authors. The proposed technique exhibits both the advantages typical of the hysteresis methods, and those of the digital controls. The implementation of the control is done by means of a standard microcontroller and simple additional circuitry. Simulations and experimental tests confirmed the advantages and the excellent performance of the new modulation method. <<ETX>>
A Study on Job Satisfaction of Smart Work Worker and Smart Work Continued Usage

Development of smart devices and the network of the company change the way of working. ‘Smart work’ is a type of work method expected to handle business regardless of the time and space. Therefore, ‘Smart Work’ is being introduced and gradually expanded in variety of companies. However, despite this popularity its effect is under question. This article reports on the effect of ‘Smart Work’ through literature review and analyzed the relationship among the worker’s job satisfaction, smart work continued usage. The results of this study are expected to help companies to establish strategies connected with ‘Smart Work. ’
A Survey on Secure Authorized Deduplication for Outsourced Data in Hybrid Cloud

Cloud Service Providers offer highly available storage and colossally computing resources at comparatively squat fee. The storage space provided may contain more number of repeated data. Inorder to reduce the storage space and eliminate the duplicates of data, Data Deduplication technique is being used. It is one of the method that eradicates duplicate copies of repeating data to reduce the storage space and save bandwidth. Inorder to protect the confidentiality of the data, Convergent Encryption Technique has been used. It outsource the data only after it is being encrypted using the convergent key. To protect the Data Security, Differential Authorized duplicate check is being used. The deduplication is done only by the authorized user. In traditional deduplication schemes, the disparity rights of users are further considered in duplicate check besides the data itself. The new deduplication constructions supports authorized duplicate check in a hybrid cloud architecture. The proposed system includes the VAST storage system that is used for storing the valuable and secret data. It thwarts the unauthorized user to steal the information from small pieces of the data. The hacker cannot attain the entire information from small part of information, since the data is stored in the form of manageable pieces of data.
Extension mechanisms in Montana

Montana is a new C++ programming environment being developed at IBM. Montana aims to improve the software development experience by providing rapid incremental builds, rapid complete builds, and a tightly integrated user interface driven from a single source of information. Montana uses a program representation (CodeStore) to achieve these aims, with compilation proceeding directly from the database. APIs for accessing information about programs from the CodeStore are also made available for tool builders. In this paper we focus on the extension mechanism in Montana, which enables integration of existing tools and creation of new sophisticated, tightly integrated tools.
USING ORTHOGONALDESIGNS WITH FEEDBACKIN WIRELESS RELAY NETWORKS

Recently, distributed space-time coding over half duplex wire­ less relay networks has been proposed to achieve higher diver­ sity at the receiver. The use of orthogonal and quasi-orthogo­ nal designs in such relay networks has the advantage of pro­ viding maximum diversity at a low decoding complexity. How­ ever, similar to their originating space-time codes, these de­ signs are restricted in terms of rate and number of relays. In order to alleviate such restrictions, we propose an extension of group-coherent codes (GCCs) to wireless relay networks. As will be shown, with a very limited amount of feedback from receiver to the relays, it is possible to achieve a distributed code that is applicable for any number of relays without an additional rate loss. In addition, our approach offers the ad­ vantages of linear ML decoding complexity, maximum diver­ sity, lower delay, and increased power gain. We further show that it is possible to improve the performance at the price of a higher feedback rate. Finally, the robustness of our scheme against node failures is verified.
AUTOSCALER for C: an optimizing floating-point to integer C program converter for fixed-point digital signal processors

A translator which converts C-based floating-point digital signal processing programs to optimized integer C versions is developed for convenient programming and efficient use of fixed-point digital signal processors (DSPs). It not only converts data types and supports automatic scaling, but also conducts shift optimization to enhance execution speed. Since the input and output of this translator are ANSI C compliant programs, it can be used for any fixed-point DSP that supports ANSI C compiler. The number of shift operations that are required for scaling in the converted integer programs is reduced by equalizing the integer word-lengths of relevant variables and constants. For an optimal reduction, a cost function that represents the overhead of scaling is formulated by considering the data- path of a target processor, program parsing, and profiling results. This cost function is then minimized by using either integer linear programming or simulated annealing algorithms. The translated integer C codes are 5-400 times faster than the floating-point versions when applied to TMS320C50, TMS320C60 and Motorola 56000 DSPs.
A performance analysis of a parallel communications scheme for ATM networks

A parallel communications scheme for broadband networks was proposed previously. In this scheme, the traffic of a connection is split into m substreams, which are then coded into k/spl ges/m streams for delivery over k separate subchannels. This paper is an attempt toward a more careful study of the scheme. In particular, the average queueing length and mean delay time at a switch are derived analytically using a general bulk arrival source model taking into account the reduction of traffic burstiness (due to traffic splitting) and increase of traffic load (due to coding). The cell-loss probability with finite buffer are investigated by means of simulation. The relative performance of the scheme with no splitting, splitting without coding, splitting with coding at the switch are described in detail.
A comparative study of permanent magnet and switched reluctance motors for high performance fault tolerant applications

Switched reluctance machines (SRMs) have been extensively researched for high performance aerospace applications because of their inherent fault tolerance. Recent work by the authors suggests that with careful design a similar degree of fault tolerance may be achieved with a permanent magnet machine (PM) at a significantly higher torque density than its SRM counterpart. This latter suggestion is of crucial importance in high performance applications, such as aerospace, where a low mass is essential. This paper is concerned with reporting measured results from a fault tolerant PM machine, and using these results to examine the relative merits of SR and PM technology for this application.
Monitoring big river estuaries using SAR images

Since the launch of the ERS-1/2 Satellites in 1991 and 1995 respectively, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of coastal regions have been acquired and processed at the receiving station of the German Aerospace Center at Neustrelitz on an operational basis in near real time. These data are used to monitor large river estuaries of the German Bight which are morphodynamically very active, i.e. the bottom topography underlies a continuous change due to sediment transport, with strong impact on the main waterways of the river. Because of their all weather, day and night capability radar images are ideally suited to investigate these morphodynamics by monitoring the land-water boundary of the mud flats. Edge detection is a demanding task for radar images as they are contaminated by speckle noise. The water-line is extracted using edge detection methods based on a combination of blocktracing, wavelet-edge detection, and a snake algorithm resulting in the final coastline. The detected shorelines are transformed into isolines of bottom topography by combining them with available tide gauge information. Longer time series of such water lines are used for monitoring changes of topography over the years by comparing images taken at a similar tidal situation. The examples given, range from coastline monitoring, bottom topography control to sediment transport measurements. The areas investigated are the large estuaries of the German rivers at the North Sea (i.e. Ems, Weser, Elbe and Eider) and the Canadian Mackenzie delta.
Implementation of a lag-lead compensator for robots

A frequency response approach was used to design and realize a lag-lead compensator for a robot arm. An analytical comparison between a PD (proportional-derivative) or PID (proportional integral-derivative) controller and a lag-lead compensator shows that the latter reduces the tradeoffs between the static accuracy, system stability, and is insensitive to disturbances in the frequency domain. The implementation and test results verify the encouraging results in the time domain. The lag-lead compensator reduces the tracking errors considerably. <<ETX>>
A new technique for parallel connection of commutation cells: analysis, design and experimentation

A new technique useful for parallel connection of commutation cells is introduced in this paper. It consists of using small inductances in order to ensure dynamic and static share of the commutated current among the different switches. The operation principle, theoretical analysis and design procedure are presented. Experimental results, obtained from a 400 W buck prototype using two commutation cells, have been used to validate the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. Several experiments have also been accomplished to clear up the advantages of this new technique in comparison to the conventional one. <<ETX>>
Learning and Retention

Learning and retention are important for design. Learning provides performance improvements, sometimes dramatic improvements with practice on a task or with an interface. These improvements can make designs that appear too slow on first use to become more usable and remove errors in performance. Learning, the rate at which it occurs, the stages of learning, how to predict it, and when learning transfers are all important aspects of human behavior for design. Retention is also important. The retention curve is similar to the learning curve in that dramatic skill loss is possible with the passage of time, which can be dangerous. The knowledge we have about learning and retention yields numerous suggestions for system design, including how to evaluate interfaces (with trained or novice testers), how and how often to train (to retain declarative knowledge and to create proceduralized knowledge where possible), and how to present information (so that it can be learned).
DOA estimation using two closely spaced microphones

A new method of estimation of DOA (direction of arrival) using an array of two closely spaced microphones is proposed in this paper. The differential properties of the propagating sound wave and adaptive signal processing are used to form a back-to-back cardioid pattern which is an adaptive first-order differential microphone array to estimate the DOA and track the moving source. Unlike other DOA technologies, the distance between the two microphones is very small. As such, the method is useful for DOA applications that have strict space constraints.
Fusing length and voicing information, and HMM decision using a Bayesian causal tree against insufficient training data

Presents the work done to improve the recognition rate in an isolated word recognition problem with single utterance training. The negative effect of errors (due to insufficient training data) in estimated model parameters is compensated by fusing the information obtained from HMM evaluation and those generated for the word length and voicing at the beginning and end of the word. A Bayesian causal tree structure is developed to accomplish the fusion. The final decision is made on one of the three candidates which are most likely according to HMM evaluation. The reliability of the HMM ordering is improved by applying variance flooring.
Multidimensional MPSK trellis codes for fading channels

The paper investigates the optimum code search problem of multidimensional MPSK trellis codes for fading channels. New set partitioning schemes are proposed for fading channels by using effective code length and minimum product distance as the code design criteria. Based on these set partitioning rules, a number of optimum multidimensional MPSK trellis codes have been obtained. <<ETX>>
E-business: A New Challenge for Database Management Systems

Databases are the key components of the automated information systems. During the last decades, the emerging computing technologies even on the hardware or software sides led to a deep evolution of the database management systems. In this paper, we deal with the emergence of Internet based e-business and show its impact on the databases management systems. The features we deal with are the techniques providing the database and Internet integration, the impact of e-business on the DBMS engines and on the information systems architecture.
ABAM: on-demand associativity-based multicast routing for ad hoc mobile networks

Multicast has emerged as a very desirable feature in communication networks. With multicast, data can be distributed to multiple recipients in an efficient and economical manner. We present a performance evaluation of a novel multicast routing strategy for a mobile ad hoc network environment, which is characterized by a highly-dynamic topology with constrained bandwidth and limited power. The associativity-based ad hoc multicast (ABAM) protocol establishes multicast session on demand and utilizes an association stability concept, which is introduced in the ABR protocol for mobile ad hoc unicast routing. The performance of ABAM is simulated and compared with a flooding-based multicast routing protocol. The results show impressive throughput and very low communication overhead.
Computer corpora and the language classroom: on the potential and limitations of computer corpora in language teaching

With computer corpora firmly established as research tools in linguistics, their application for language teaching purposes is also increasingly advocated to the extent that corpus-based language teaching has even been praised as the new revolution in language teaching (cf. Sinclair, 2004b). This article takes a more critical view and examines some of the potential as well as the limitations of computer corpora in the language classroom, providing practical examples from the British Component of the International Corpus of English. It is argued that only a balanced view, which takes into account both the strengths and weaknesses of computer corpora for language teaching, can ensure their successful integration into the language classroom. The discussion first focuses on the limitations of corpus data, which are identified as ‘externalized’, as opposed to ‘internalized’ language, lacking contextual, as opposed to co-textual, information. On the other hand, computer corpora provide access to information not easily available from other sources, viz. information on frequency of occurrence in various text types, and co-occurrence patterns, e.g. collocation, colligation, semantic prosody). This information, however, also has to be seen in the light of the more general questions of how representative corpus results are and to what extent they are generalisable. The article concludes with a discussion of pedagogical implications of the use of computer corpora, especially with regard to their application as tools for exploratory/discovery learning and as means for promoting learner autonomy.
Mesure du contraste local dans les images, Application à la mesure de distance de visibilité par caméra embarquée Measurement of local contrast in images, Application to the measurement of visibility distance through use of an onboard camera

A partir de la definition de la distance de visibilite meteorologique, nous definissons les distances de visibilite mobilisee et mobilisable. Cela nous conduit a proposer une methode generique de mesure de la distance de visibilite atmospherique par camera embarquee a bord d'un vehicule. Celle-ci consiste a rechercher l'objet le plus eloigne ayant un contraste d'au moins 5%. Nous detaillons dans cet article comment estimer le contraste. Pour ce faire, nous presentons une methode precise, robuste et rapide issue de la technique de segmentation d'images de Kohler. Nous montrons comment nous avons adapte cette methode a nos besoins. Pour justifier nos propos, nous comparons notre approche aux techniques de Gordon et Beghdadi. Nous appliquons le resultat a la mesure de distance de visibilite en fusionnant notre mesure de contraste local avec une information de distance obtenue par stereovision. Nous finissons par donner des exemples de mesure de distance de visibilite mobilisee sous differentes conditions meteorologiques.
Analysis and effect of speaking style for dialogue speech recognition

This paper analyzes acoustic likelihood calculated from two acoustic models, a spontaneous speech acoustic model and a read speech acoustic model, from the viewpoint of linguistic information, such as word category and language likelihood. Experimental results show a significant tendency in the relationship between speaking style and linguistic information. According to the analysis results, a word's acoustic likelihood calculated from the spontaneous speech acoustic model is higher, or more suitable, than that from the read speech acoustic model in the case when the word is an interjection or an auxiliary verb. On the other hand, even in human-to-human conversation, a word's acoustic likelihood calculated from the read speech acoustic model can be higher than that from the spontaneous speech acoustic model in the case when the word is a noun. Applying this knowledge along with machine learning, post-processing experiments of the results of ASR using these two acoustic models are carried out. In this set of experiments, post-processing, based on a support vector machine, is applied. The experimental results show that the selection scheme, based on word category, reduces word error rate by 1.62 points over the single system.