Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacterial contamination of operating room in some of Mosul Hospitals and the effect of ultra- violet light on selected bacteria

This study aimed to isolate and diagnosed the types of bacteria, which is present in the air and surfaces (environments )of the operating theatre in two big hospitals in Mosul (ALJamhoury and AL-Kansaa). 629 samples were taken from 9 operating rooms of different speciality through 6 months 258 samples were positive for growth 41.02% , and it showed 401 bacterial growth. Some from isolated bacteria 157 isolation were gram negative by 39.15%, this include 12.97% Ps. aeruginosa then followed by Enterobacteriaceae 7.98% (which include E.cloacae 2.493 %, E.earogenesa 1.99%, E. asburiae 0.74% C.freundi 0.74%, M.morganii 0.99%, S.marcescens 0.99%) , while E.coli was 4.98 % and Klebsiella spp 3.74% and 6 isolate of proteus spp. by 1.50 %. While Other Grbacilli were isolated at 7.98% (A.baumanii at 2.406% ,A.faecalis at 1.74% and un Pseudomonas Fluorescent at 4.99%). Gram positive bacteria were 60.85% isolation, include staph aureus was the highest 17.71% and Staph epidermidis 6.73% Staph saprophyticus 3.74% . There were 43 isolate of Staphylococcus (10.72%) including staph.haemolyticus 4.738% and Staph.sihiltera 2.99%, Staph.hominis 1.99 %, Staph.xyloses 0.99%. Bacilli spp. 9.73% and Corynebactruim spp. 1.99%, Micrococcus spp. 7.98% while Finally Streptococcus spp. were isolated in 2.24% regarding the samples which didn’t show any growth it was 58.99% . UV.C was used for isolated growth.The study shows that UV light can kill the bacteria within 10 min and prevent it for further growth.
Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Metabolic Syndrome in Firefighters: A pilot study.

OBJECTIVE to compare association of Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) profile among firefighters (FF) at airport to suburban FF METHODS:: cross sectional exploratory study, 47 male FF aged 18-62 years were enrolled from two fire departments in Ohio. Association between MetS outcome and log transformed serum concentrations of four PFASs was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS PFASs serum concentrations were 18-74% higher in FF than the general population, and 21-62% higher in airport FF than suburban FF. Compared to US general population, an elevated risk of hypertension was noted in FF, but no significant association between PFASs and MetS was found. CONCLUSIONS Current serum PFASs in FF are not associated with MetS risk.
Inflammation Triggers Liver X Receptor-Dependent Lipogenesis

Immune cell function can be modulated by changes in lipid metabolism. Our studies indicate that cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis increases in macrophages between 12 and 18 h after the activation of Toll-like receptors with proinflammatory stimuli and that the upregulation of lipogenesis may contribute to the resolution of inflammation. ABSTRACT Immune cell function can be modulated by changes in lipid metabolism. Our studies indicate that cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis increases in macrophages between 12 and 18 h after the activation of Toll-like receptors with proinflammatory stimuli and that the upregulation of lipogenesis may contribute to the resolution of inflammation. The inflammation-dependent increase in lipogenesis requires the induction of the liver X receptors, members of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors, by type I interferons in response to inflammatory signals. Instead of the well-established role for liver X receptors in stimulating cholesterol efflux, we demonstrate that liver X receptors are necessary for the proper resumption of cholesterol synthesis in response to inflammatory signals. Thus, liver X receptors function as bidirectional regulators of cholesterol homeostasis, driving efflux when cholesterol levels are high and facilitating synthesis in response to inflammatory signals. Liver X receptor activity is also required for the proper shutdown of a subset of type I interferon-stimulated genes as inflammation subsides, placing the receptors in a negative-feedback loop that may contribute to the resolution of the inflammatory response.
GENESIS: an integrated platform for designing and developing HLA applications

The first objective of the GENESIS project is the automatic design and development of HLA federates. This 3-years project started in January 2003. It is being conducted by two departments of ONERA (the French National Air and Space Agency). The French General Armament Directorate (DGA) funds this project. Its main purpose is to provide a framework consisting of a methodology and software tools. The basic requirements of this framework are as follows: (1) it must provide coherence between the object model and the federates software, (2) it should be able to handle already existing federates, objects models and federations, (3) it should cover the whole area of federates development, from the earliest stage of description, to the end of realization, (4) it should provide fully functional federates without any additional development. To satisfy these requirements, our approach was to develop a formal language called the Genesis Description Language (GenDL) to describe the entire object model, federates and federation. The GenDL language is linked with code generation techniques, in order to finally and automatically produce the resulting software. The formal language has been established to translate every HLA concept. New concepts have been designed to ensure our objectives. For example, we introduced the concept of “importation” for object classes in a federate. This new concept specifies the use of instances of this class in the federate, by adding behaviours to these instances (discover, reflect, remove.) and by verifying the consistency of sharing attributes among federates. The current version of GENESIS produces FOM and SOM files in the form of HTML tables. It also generates C++ source code of all HLA data types, classes, federates, and also makefiles to compile these sources into libraries and executables; it also produces federation configuration files (".fed" for RTI NG1.3, ".xml" for RTI IEEE 1516) and OMT DIF files. The C++ code produced is not an "empty shell"; everything is done to minimize the work of future users who have only to give the relationships between their simulation models and the HLA part. Recent uses of GENESIS include the retro engineering of the real-time platform reference object model (RPR-FOM), the development of a Federation to model activities, communications, loads and time delays in a Ballistic Defence System, and several other benchmarking & testing federations.
Implementasi Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Berbasis Perturb and Observe (P&O) pada Photovoltaic (PV) dengan

Solar energy is one of the most potential energy in overcoming the energy crisis in the world. Because its abundant availability, the use of this energy is environmentally friendly and its maintenance costs are low. In addition to the advantages of this energy use, another challenge faced is lower conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells [PV] in varying weather conditions considered to be the main weaknesses of PV systems. To overcome these challenges, previous studies have been conducted. The main part of this MPPT technology is boost converter as a control of method. This study proposes Perturb & Observe (P&O) method to improve efficiency of PV under varying condition. This method measures the incoming voltage and current then tracks maximum power by multiplying the previous two variables. The results of this study indicates that the efficiency of the increase in power produced is 74.5%, 70.23%, 65.97% for irradiation of 500 W / m , 700 W / m, and 900 W / m. Keywords-Photovoltaic, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), Perturb and Observe, PSIM. Intisari—Matahari merupakan salah satu sumber energi yang paling potensial dalam mengalami krisis energi dunia. Karena jumlahnya yang melimpah, ramah lingkungan dan biaya pemeliharan juga rendah. Selain keunggulannya, tantangan efisiensi rendah PV terhadap perubahan kondisi cuaca dianggap sebagai kekurangan. Untuk mengatasi kekurangan tersebut, telah banyak penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan. Bagian paling utama dari teknologi MPPT ini yaitu konverter boost sebagai kendali dari metode yang diterapkan. Pada penelitian ini mengusulkan metode P&O untuk meningkatkan efisiensi PV dari berbagai perubahan kondisi. Metode ini mengukur tegangan dan arus input kemudian melacak titik daya maksimum dengan mengalikan dua variabel sebelumnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi daya meningkat sebanyak 74,5%, 70,23%, 65,97% untuk iradiasi 500W/m , 700 W / m, and 900 W / m. Kata Kunci-Fotovoltaik, MPPT, P&O, PSIM
Antiureolytic Activity of Substituted 2,5‐Diaminobenzoquinones

A series of 2,5‐bis(alkyl/arylamino)‐1,4‐benzoquinones (1–12) were investigated in vitro for their potential to inhibit the activity of jack bean urease. Compounds 1–6, 8, 9, 11 and 12 effectively inhibited the jack bean urease activity by 90.8 % when tested at 5 μm, whereas 7 and 10 had relatively little effect. The IC50 for most compounds was in the nanomolar range (31.4 nm and 36.0 nm for 2 and 8, respectively). The mechanism of enzyme inhibition shown by 2 and 8 is typical of mixed‐type inhibitors, whose affinity for the active site is over 6‐ and 2‐fold higher (Ki=30.0 and 22.8 nm, for 2 and 8, respectively) than that of an allosteric site. Molecular docking studies revealed that both 2 and 8 establish hydrogen bonds with the amino acids residues Asp494, Met588, His593 and Ala636 in the active site of jack bean urease. These results indicate that such aminoquinones are useful leads for the development of more efficient urease inhibitors of wider utility.
Functional Characterization of the Intact Diaphragm in a Nebulin-Based Nemaline Myopathy (NM) Model-Effects of the Fast Skeletal Muscle Troponin Activator tirasemtiv

Respiratory failure due to diaphragm dysfunction is considered a main cause of death in nemaline myopathy (NM) and we studied both isometric force and isotonic shortening of diaphragm muscle in a mouse model of nebulin-based NM (Neb cKO). A large contractile deficit was found in nebulin-deficient intact muscle that is frequency dependent, with the largest deficits at low–intermediate stimulation frequencies (e.g., a deficit of 72% at a stimulation frequency of 20 Hz). The effect of the fast skeletal muscle troponin activator (FSTA) tirasemtiv on force was examined. Tirasemtiv had a negligible effect at maximal stimulation frequencies, but greatly reduced the force deficit of the diaphragm at sub-maximal stimulation levels with an effect that was largest in Neb cKO diaphragm. As a result, the force deficit of Neb cKO diaphragm fell (from 72% to 29% at 20 Hz). Similar effects were found in in vivo experiments on the nerve-stimulated gastrocnemius muscle complex. Load-clamp experiments on diaphragm muscle showed that tirasemtiv increased the shortening velocity, and reduced the deficit in mechanical power by 33%. Thus, tirasemtiv significantly improves muscle function in a mouse model of nebulin-based nemaline myopathy.
Multi-Session Anodal Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation does not Improve Executive Functions among Older Adults

Abstract Objective: Findings from single-session online studies highlighted the potential of using anodal prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance executive functions (EF) in the context of aging. However, tDCS must be executed as a multi-session offline intervention to ascertain its viability in this context. Relatedly, findings from multi-session studies remained inconclusive. To this end, we examined the effects of multi-session anodal prefrontal tDCS on EF in an intervention. Method: The intervention consisted of 15 sessions; in each, healthy older participants (Agemean = 66.7) received either 15 min of 1.5 mA tDCS (Ncompleted = 35) or sham stimulation (Ncompleted = 33) while performing EF training tasks. EF measures were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up. Hierarchical linear models were used to examine the effect of tDCS on EF outcomes. Results: Both groups of participants did not differ significantly in side effect ratings and attendance. There were no significant tDCS-associated gains in any EF outcomes in the intervention. Conclusions: Multi-session prefrontal tDCS did not lead to any significant gains in EF in the current intervention. More research is needed to optimize the use of tDCS before it can be effectively used to enhance EF among older adults.
Model Predictive Control for Decoupled Systems: A Study on Decentralized Schemes

We consider a set of decoupled dynamical systems and an optimal control problem where cost function and constraints couple the dynamical behavior of the systems. The coupling is described through a connected graph where each system is a node and, cost and constraints of the optimization problem associated to each node are only function of its state and the states of its neighbors. For such scenario, we describe different strategies for designing decentralized Model Predictive Control (MPC) control schemes. In these decentralized schemes, a centralized MPC controller is broken into distinct MPC controllers of smaller sizes. Each MPC controller is associated to a different node and computes the local control inputs based only on the states of the node and of its neighbors. The proposed decentralized control schemes are formulated in a rigorous mathematical framework. Moreover, we highlight the main issues involved in guaranteeing stability and constraint fulfillment for such schemes and the degree of conservativeness that the decentralized approach introduces.
Determinants of Online Purchase Intentions: A Study of Indian Buyers

Online shopping sites are fast replacing traditional or physical shops. Over the years, the trust of the customers for online shopping sites has increased considerably. The increase in the number of these sites, on one hand, has led to a fierce competition, which means better and cheaper products for customers. However, at the same time, customers have their privacy concerns when it comes to shopping online. This makes online shopping a favourable topic for researchers. The present study tries to unveil some of the major determinants of online purchase intentions in the Indian scenario. For the purpose four determinants; social influence; brand image; previous experience of shopping online; and attitude towards e-word of mouth (e-wom), were identified during the focus group discussion and the same were tested empirically later in the study. A total of 250 questionnaires were circulated, but only 159 have been considered for the study. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were used to perform latent variable modelling in the study. The findings of the study portray that a positive attitude towards e-WOM and a previous favourable experience are the main drivers of online purchase intention of Indian buyers. Social influence and brand image were found to have no significant effect on consumers’ intention to buy online.
Dazl determines primordial follicle formation through the translational regulation of Tex14

Deleted in azoospermia‐like (DAZL) is a germ cell RNA‐binding protein that is essential for entry and progression through meiosis. The phenotype of the Dazl knockout mouse has extensive germ cell loss because of incomplete meiosis. We have created a Dazl hypomorph model using short interfering RNA knockdown in mouse fetal ovary cultures, allowing investigation of Dazl function in germ cell maturation. Dazl hypomorph ovaries had a phenotype of impaired germ cell nest breakdown with a 66% reduction in total follicle number and an increase in the proportion of primordial follicles (PMFs), with smaller oocytes within these follicles. There was no significant early germ cell loss or meiotic delay. Immunostaining of intercellular bridge component testis‐expressed protein (Tex)14 showed ~59°/o reduction in foci number and size, without any change in Tex14 mRNA levels. TEX14 expression was also confirmed in the human fetal ovary across gestation. Using 3'UTR‐luciferase reporter assays, translational regulation of TEX14 was demonstrated to be DAZL‐dependant. Dazl is therefore essential for normal intercellular bridges within germ cell nests and their timely breakdown, with a major impact on subsequent assembly of PMFs. —Rosario, R. , Crichton, J. H. , Stewart, H. L. , Childs, A. J., Adams, I. R. , Anderson, R. A. Dazl determines primordial follicle formation through the translational regulation of Tex14. FASEB J. 33, 14221‐14233 (2019). www.fasebj. org
An anisotropic hydrogel based on mussel-inspired conductive ferrofluid composed of electromagnetic nanohybrids.

Anisotropic hydrogels with a hierarchical structure can mimic the biological tissues, such as neurons or muscles that shows directional functions, which are important factors for signal transduction and cell guidance. Here, we report a mussel-inspired approach to fabricate an anisotropic hydrogel based on a conductive ferrofluid. First, polydopamine (PDA) was used to mediate the formation of PDA-chelated carbon nanotube-Fe3O4 (PFeCNT) nanohybrids and also used as dispersion medium to stabilize the nanohybrids to form a conductive ferrofluid. The ferrofluid can response to an orientated magnetic field and be programed to form aligned structures, which were then frozen in a hydrogel network formed via in situ free-radical polymerization and gelation. The resulted hydrogel shows directional conductive and mechanical properties, mimicking an oriented biological tissue. Under external electrical stimulation, the orientated PFeCNT nanohybrids can be sensed by the myoblasts cultured on the hydrogel, resulting the oriented growth of cells. In summary, the mussel-inspired anisotropic hydrogel with its aligned structural complexity and anisotropic properties together with the cell affinity and tissue adhesiveness, is a potent multifunctional biomaterial for mimicking oriented tissues to guide cell proliferation and tissue regeneration.
Temporal Trends in the Unmet Health Care Needs of Canadian Stroke Survivors

ABSTRACT: Background: Stroke survivors have higher unmet health care needs than the general population. However, it is unclear whether such needs have changed over time, and whether these have been affected by the introduction of integrated systems of stroke care. Methods: We used data from the Canadian Community Health Surveys between 2000 and 2014. We developed multivariable log-binomial generalized estimating equations to obtain adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) of unmet health care needs in stroke survivors compared to the general population, and over time. We conducted a difference in differences analysis to determine the association between the implementation of integrated systems of stroke care and unmet health care needs. Results: Data from 350,084 respondents were included in the study; 8072 (2.3%) were stroke survivors. Compared to the general population, stroke survivors were more likely to report unmet health care needs (aRR 1.27; 95% CI, 1.22–1.32). The unmet health care needs reported by stroke survivors were lower after compared to before 2006 (15.8% vs. 31.9%, P < 0.001). After accounting for temporal trends, there was no association between the implementation of integrated systems of stroke care and change in unmet health care needs of stroke survivors. However, this requires cautious interpretation due to limitations in the data available for this study. Conclusions: Unmet health care needs of stroke survivors have reduced over time but remain higher than the general population. Future research should focus on identifying stroke- and policy-related factors to mitigate disparities in health care access for stroke survivors.
A Holistic Approach to Polyphonic Music Transcription with Neural Networks

We present a framework based on neural networks to extract music scores directly from polyphonic audio in an end-to-end fashion. Most previous Automatic Music Transcription (AMT) methods seek a piano-roll representation of the pitches, that can be further transformed into a score by incorporating tempo estimation, beat tracking, key estimation or rhythm quantization. Unlike these methods, our approach generates music notation directly from the input audio in a single stage. For this, we use a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) with Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) loss function which does not require annotated alignments of audio frames with the score rhythmic information. We trained our model using as input Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven string quartets and Bach chorales synthesized with different tempos and expressive performances. The output is a textual representation of four-voice music scores based on **kern format. Although the proposed approach is evaluated in a simplified scenario, results show that this model can learn to transcribe scores directly from audio signals, opening a promising avenue towards complete AMT.
SUBDUCTION AND EXHUMATION OF HP LIGURIAN-PIEDMONTESE OPHIOLITES: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FROM FIELD TO NUMERICAL MODELS

Active convergent plate margins are the sites of major geologic processes, such as consumption of oceanic lithosphere, formation of continental crust, earthquakes, volcanic activity and mountain building. For this reason, the dynamics occurring in these sites attracted the interest of a wide part of the geological community. Among the most debated topics, the subduction of oceanic lithosphere and continental crust, together with the exhumation and emplacement of high-pressure (HP) and ultra-high pressure (UHP) rocks in mountain chains, have an important role. The study of HP and UHP rocks, recording past subduction to depths exceeding 100 km, gave important contributions on the knowledge of the dynamics acting at convergent margins. A relevant break-through the common thinking of subduction zones has been provided coupling field-based structural and petrologic analysis of natural HPto UHP-terrains with recent numerical models (e.g. Burov et al., 2001; Gerya et al., 2002; Gorczyk et al., 2007; Yamato et al., 2007; Warren et al., 2008; Faccenda et al., 2008; Faccenda et al., 2009; Roda et al., 2010). A good chance to study the exhumation of subducted oceanic lithosphere is represented by the HP Ligurian-Piedmontese ophiolite units, outcropping at the eastern border of the Ligurian Alps (Western Alps); such HP ophiolites represent remnants of the oceanic lithosphere forming the Mesozoic Ligurian Tethys; this ocean separated Europe from Adria and was involved in the subduction and continental collision that finally led to its closure. Although the HP Ligurian-Piedmontese ophiolites were deeply investigated in the past, studies directly focused on the mechanism that allowed the rise from high depths of subducted rocks are still few. The aim of this work is thus to provide new information about the exhumation mechanisms that acted in the evolution of the Ligurian-Piedmontese units; in particular, I coupled field-, petrographicand petrologicevidences with 2D numerical models to propose a subduction/exhumation evolutionary model. The study was conducted in two main stages. The first stage was addressed to the structural and petrologic study of rocks that record HP conditions; I selected eclogite and blueschist-facies metagabbro bodies outcropping in the Palmaro-Caffarella Unit and in the eastern sector of the Voltri Unit and I defined their tectono-metamorphic history. The obtained P-T paths and peak P-T conditions were then added to the already existing estimates of the Palmaro-Caffarella and Voltri units. The second stage of the work was dedicated to 2D numerical simulations reproducing intraoceanic subduction within a narrow intercontinental oceanic basin, like that of the Ligurian Tethys.