Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coordination, Cost, and Changing Epidemiologyâ•flConsiderations in the Hepatitis <fc>C</fc> Care Cascade

The advent of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies with sustained virologic response (SVR) rates greater than 90% makes eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) a feasible reality. (1) However, HCV treatment rates remain disappointingly low, and the number of people infected with HCV continues to increase annually. (2,3) People with HCV need to fulfill several steps along a care continuum— collectively referred to as the “care cascade”—from diagnosis, to referral, and finally treatment, to achieve optimal health outcomes. Barriers at each step of the care cascade prevent achievement of HCV eradication. (3) In this context, the recent study in Hepatology Communications by investigators from the HCV Test and Cure Coalition (HCV-TAC) group provides a framework for strategies to improve the HCV care cascade in the DAA era. (4) Using a multipronged approach that incorporated enhancements in provider and patient education, public health surveillance, electronic medical records and case management, HCVTAC improved the care cascade at every step for their target population of baby boomers with HCV infection in King County, Washington. Over the 4-year study period, 8,270 (54%) baby boomers had documented testing for HCV, of which 79% were successfully staged for treatment, 53% prescribed treatment, and 39% achieved SVR. This represented a laudable 14.4-fold increase in those achieving SVR. Many important lessons can be learned from the HCV-TAC. First, given the high prevalence of HCV among the baby boomer generation and the growing incidence among specific high-risk cohorts, population-based efforts targeted and tailored to these groups will be critical to achieve successful elimination of HCV in the United States. HCV-TAC highlighted that successful efforts would require buy-in from and collaboration between health care systems, patient advocacy organizations, public health departments, and both primary care providers and specialists. Successful coalition building involves identifying partners that can provide the specific expertise and/or resources to meet the unique needs of the target population, and overall enables broader access and provision of care to patients, maximally capitalizing on pre-existing resources and creating opportunities to streamline HCV services. (5) Second, limited awareness of and knowledge about HCV still remains a key barrier to appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Formal HCV education delivered to patients has not only been shown to increase their knowledge, but also to expedite HCV therapy and improve SVR rates. (6) HCV-TAC highlighted that patient and provider education can be achieved through multiple modalities (e.g., case-based telemedicine, Abbreviations: DAA, direct-acting antiviral; EMR, electronic medical record; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HCV-TAC, HCV Test and Cure Coalition; PWID, persons who inject drugs; SVR, sustained virologic response.
Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 PeptideAtlas: strategies for targeted proteomics

The relatively small numbers of proteins and fewer possible posttranslational modifications in microbes provides a unique opportunity to comprehensively characterize their dynamic proteomes. We have constructed a Peptide Atlas (PA) for 62.7% of the predicted proteome of the extremely halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 by compiling approximately 636,000 tandem mass spectra from 497 mass spectrometry runs in 88 experiments. Analysis of the PA with respect to biophysical properties of constituent peptides, functional properties of parent proteins of detected peptides, and performance of different mass spectrometry approaches has helped highlight plausible strategies for improving proteome coverage and selecting signature peptides for targeted proteomics. Notably, discovery of a significant correlation between absolute abundances of mRNAs and proteins has helped identify low abundance of proteins as the major limitation in peptide detection. Furthermore we have discovered that iTRAQ labeling for quantitative proteomic analysis introduces a significant bias in peptide detection by mass spectrometry. Therefore, despite identifying at least one proteotypic peptide for almost all proteins in the PA, a context-dependent selection of proteotypic peptides appears to be the most effective approach for targeted proteomics.
A Capacitive-Coupled Noncontact Probe for the Measurement of Conductivity of Liquids

A noncontact (capacitive-coupled) probe for the measurement of the conductivity of liquids is presented. Insulation introduced between the measurement electrodes and the liquid intrudes a couple of coupling capacitances. Though the capacitive coupling overcomes the problems of electrode polarization and contamination associated with contacting electrodes, the large reactances of the coupling capacitors pose a problem in the measurement of comparatively very small resistance of the liquid. An auto-balancing signal conditioning scheme presented here overcomes the problem posed by the large capacitive reactances and provides directly a measurable output proportional only to the conductance of the liquid. Error analysis of the probe presented herein helps the optimal design of the probe. A worst case error of ± 0.9% was obtained from a prototype noncontact conductivity probe, developed and tested.
Temperature acclimation of net photosynthesis and its underlying component processes in four tropical tree species

Abstract The effect of temperature change on leaf physiology has been extensively studied in temperate trees and to some extent in boreal and tropical tree species. While increased temperature typically stimulates leaf CO2 assimilation and tree growth in high-altitude ecosystems, tropical species are often negatively affected. These trees may operate close to their temperature optima and have a limited thermal acclimation capacity due to low seasonal and historical variation in temperature. To test this hypothesis, we studied the extent to which the temperature sensitivities of leaf photosynthesis and respiration acclimate to growth temperature in four common African tropical tree species. Tree seedlings native to different altitudes and therefore adapted to different growth temperatures were cultivated at three different temperatures in climate-controlled chambers. We estimated the acclimation capacity of the temperature sensitivities of light-saturated net photosynthesis, the maximum rates of Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax) and thylakoid electron transport (J), and dark respiration. Leaf thylakoid membrane lipid composition, nitrogen content and leaf mass per area were also analyzed. Our results showed that photosynthesis in tropical tree species acclimated to higher growth temperatures, but that this was weakest in the species originating from the coolest climate. The temperature optimum of J acclimated significantly in three species and variation in J was linked to changes in the thylakoid membrane lipid composition. For Vcmax, there was only evidence of significant acclimation of optimal temperature in the lowest elevation species. Respiration acclimated to maintain homeostasis at growth temperature in all four species. Our results suggest that the lowest elevation species is better physiologically adapted to acclimate to high growth temperatures than the highest elevation species, indicating a potential shift in competitive balance and tree community composition to the disadvantage of montane tree species in a warmer world.
Effects of Red Mud Addition in the Microstructure, Durability and Mechanical Performance of Cement Mortars

Recently, there has been a great effort to incorporate industrial waste into cement-based materials to reach a more sustainable cement industry. In this regard, the Bayer process of obtaining alumina from bauxite generates huge amounts of waste called red mud. Few research articles have pointed out the possibility that red mud has pozzolanic activity. In view of that, the objective of this research is to analyse the short-term effects in the pore structure, mechanical performance and durability of mortars which incorporate up to 20% of red mud as a clinker replacement. As a reference, ordinary Portland cement and fly ash Portland cement mortars were also studied. The microstructure was characterised through mercury intrusion porosimetry and non-destructive impedance spectroscopy, which has not previously been used for studying the pore network evolution of red mud cement-based materials. The possible pozzolanic activity of red mud has been checked using differential scanning calorimetry. The non-steady state chloride migration coefficient and the mechanical properties were studied too. According to the results obtained, the addition of red mud entailed a greater microstructure refinement of the mortar, did not worsen the resistance against chloride ingress and reduced the compressive strength compared to control binders.
Optimal Shape Design Of Aerodynamic Configurations: A Newton-Krylov Approach

OPTIMAL SHAPE DESIGN OF AERODYNAMIC CONFIGURATIONS : A NEWTON-KRYLOV APPROACH Marian Nemec <marian@oddjob.utias. utoronto.ca> Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Aerospace Science and Engineering University of Toronto 2003 Optimal shape design of aerodynamic configurations is a challenging problem due to the nonlinear effects of complex flow features such as shock waves, boundary layers, and separation. A Newton–Krylov algorithm is presented for aerodynamic design using gradient-based numerical optimization. The flow is governed by the two-dimensional compressible Navier– Stokes equations in conjunction with a one-equation turbulence model, which are discretized on multi-block structured grids. The discrete-adjoint method is applied to compute the objective function gradient. The adjoint equation is solved using the preconditioned generalized minimal residual (GMRES) method. A novel preconditioner is introduced, and together with a complete differentiation of the discretized Navier–Stokes and turbulence model equations, this results in an accurate and efficient evaluation of the gradient. The gradient is obtained in just one-fifth to one-half of the time required to converge a flow solution. Furthermore, fast flow solutions are obtained using the same preconditioned GMRES method in conjunction with an inexact-Newton approach. Optimization constraints are enforced through a penalty formulation, and the resulting unconstrained problem is solved via a quasi-Newton method. The performance of the new algorithm is demonstrated for several design examples that include lift enhancement, where the optimal position of a flap is determined within a high-lift configuration, lift-constrained drag minimization at multiple transonic operating points, and the computation of a Pareto front based on competing objectives. In all examples, the gradient is reduced by several orders of magnitude, indicating that a local minimum has been obtained. Overall, the results show that the new algorithm is among the fastest presently available for aerodynamic shape optimization and provides an effective approach for practical aerodynamic design.
Prognosticating 2-Year Survival Rate of Breast Cancer Patients Through Plasma miRNA-21 and Other Associating Factors

Background miRNA-21, one of breast cancer (BC) predictive markers, is now gaining cardinal attention from researchers worldwide to evaluate BC patients’ survival rate. However, cancer staging, hormonal status, and other BC markers still have to be discussed. We aim to determine the relationship between miRNA-21 and associating factors such as BC staging, other tumor markers, and hormonal status to predict the 2-year survival rate of BC patients. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study on 49 BC patients (26 early stage, 23 advanced stage). Apart from cancer staging, we also examined CEA, Ca15-3, and hormonal status (ER, PR, Her2) and correlated them with miRNA-21 to predict 2-year survival rate. We did bivariate, multivariate, and survival analyses to determine the link between miRNA-21 and those factors to prognosticate on 2-year survival rate. Results There are significances between advanced and loco-regional stage (p < 0.001); high and low miRNA-21 (p = 0.002) and CA 15–3 (p = 0.001), and low survival rate in patients with ER/PR-Her2- status (p=0.0015). Cox proportional hazard showed miRNA-21 (Adjusted HR 1.41; 95% CI = 1.205–1.632), cancer stage (Adjusted HR 9.5; 95% CI = 1.378–20.683), and CA15-3 (Adjusted HR 4.64; 95% CI = 1.548–13.931) affected patients’ mortality within 2 years. Conclusion Low two-year survival rate depends on miRNA-21, cancer stage, CA15-3, and ER/PR-Her2-. Cancer stage is robustly associated with miRNA-21 in predicting 2-year survival rate.
Momentum Analysis of Cosmogenic Muons in the MINOS Detectors

A laminate film has a composite structure and a bonding surface that eliminates the formation of air bubbles during the lamination process. A process for forming the laminate film includes spreading a PET film with an adhesive, drying the adhesive, and spreading a PE film, which is in a melted phase, on the dried adhesive, to form a composite film. An EVA fluid is spread on the PE film of the composite film, and the composite film with the EVA fluid is passed between first and second rollers. The first roller has a pockmarked surface and contacts the EVA fluid, thereby forming a pockmarked surface on the EVA fluid.
What Factors Shape Whether Digital Food Marketing Appeals to Children?

Abstract Objectives Children are exposed to large amounts of unhealthy food marketing on digital media. This marketing contains elements that marketing experts consider child-appealing, such as cartoons, bold colors, and childish font styles. Although these elements capture children's attention, there is still ambiguity regarding which additional factors also play a role. We aimed to examine the effects of child characteristics (sociodemographic, behavioural, and dietary intake factors) and marketing instance features on whether digital food marketing instances appealed to children. Methods Thirty-nine children from Calgary, Alberta, Canada indicated whether 1660 digital food marketing instances (∼130 per child) appealed to them (‘Is this ad for kids like you’; yes vs. no). Each instance was evaluated by three children. Information on children's sociodemographic characteristics, screen-related behaviours, and dietary intake was also collected. Agreement between children was measured using the Fleiss' kappa statistic. Text, labels, objects, and logos extracted from the food marketing instances were combined with the variables collected from the children to fit logistic regression, random forest, conditional inference tree, and gradient boosting models to assess which variables were the most important determinants of child appeal. Results Agreement between children was low, with an average Fleiss' kappa of −0.01 (95% CI: −0.09, 0.08). The models indicated that the text contained in the food marketing instances was the most important determinant of child appeal. Besides text, the three most important predictors of child appeal were the household's highest level of education, children's vegetable consumption and BMI. The conditional inference tree indicated that children with low consumption of vegetables, high consumption of unhealthy snacks and more time spent using screen devices tended to consider more food marketing instances as child appealing. Conclusions There is substantial variability among children in which marketing instances appeal to them; even children with similar characteristics disagreed. However, children with poorer dietary intakes reported that more food marketing instances appealed to them. Funding Sources Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Secure Login of Statistical Data With Two Parties

— Privacy-containing data publishing shows the problem of releasing sensitive data while the mining of useful information. Among present privacy models, SHA privacy algorithm provides more security and privacy model. In this paper, we address the problem of released private data, where different dataset for the same set of user are held by two parties. Here, we present an algorithm for sensitive private data released on web in the form of statistical data. After this, we propose a SHA algorithm that releases differentially private data in a secure way during the privacy computation. Experimental results on real-scenario suggest that the proposed algorithm can effectively preserve information during mining of private information.
Soluble IL-33 receptor predicts survival in acute kidney injury

ABSTRACT Introduction: The prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI)-related outcomes remains challenging. Herein we prospectively quantified soluble ST2 (sST2), the circulating isoform of the IL-33 receptor, in hospitalized patients with AKI. Methods: In-hospital subjects with AKI of various etiology were identified through the in-hospital AKI alert system of the Brandenburg University hospital. sST2 was measured within a maximum of 48 hours from the time of diagnosis of AKI. The following endpoints were defined: in-hospital death, dialysis, recovery of kidney function until demission. Results: In total, 151 individuals were included in the study. The in-hospital mortality was 16.6%, dialysis therapy became mandatory in 39.7%, no recovery of kidney function occurred in 27.8%. sST2 was significantly higher in nonsurvivors (p = 0.024) but did not differ in the two other endpoints. The level of sST2 increased significantly with the severity of AKI. Further differences were detected in subjects with heart insufficiency (lower sST2), and in patients that required ICU treatment, or ventilatory therapy, or vasopressors (all higher). Conclusions: The current study suggests sST2 as biomarker of “acute distress”: it predicts post-AKI survival and substantially increases in subjects with a higher degree of cumulative morbidity under acute circumstances (e.g., ICU therapy, vasopressor administration).
Coconut Oil: is it Healthy or not as Healthy as we Think?

Coconut oil has recently emerged as a heart healthy oil and addition to a balanced, nutritious diet. To some degree, coconut oil has become a fad in the form of “superfood. ” However, the field of Nutrition itself is still relatively new, and not all claims associated with coconut oil and heart health has been fully studied. There is still a necessary review of the effects of this oil in the body required from both biological and chemical perspectives. The following mini-review seeks to gather the currently available information on coconut oil as researched by other scientists to potentially clear up the controversy related to whether coconut oil is heart healthy or not.
Photocatalytic abatement of o-xylene using adsorption enhanced ZnO/GAC catalyst in a continuous flow reactor: Catalytic potential, Fate of o-xylene and its by-products

Photocatalytic abatement of o-xylene was investigated by immobilized ZnO on granular activated carbon (ZnO/GAC) under UV irradiation. Immobilization of ZnO increased the breakthrough time and removal capacity by 51 and 57%, respectively, in optimal conditions. The catalytic potential of the ZnO/GAC (86.5%) for o-xylene removal was far greater than simple GAC (13.5%), at the optimum condition. The maximum removal capacity with ZnO/GAC (3.12g o-xylene /gZnO/GAC) was observed at 100 °C, while the maximum removal capacity of simple GAC (1.37 g oxylene/g GAC) was observed a t 20 °C. The main intermediates of the o-xylene oxidation in photocatalytic process with GAC were methanoic acid, o-nitro-p-cresol, phenylmethanal, and methyl di-phenyl-methane. ZnO/GAC can highly catalyze the degradation of o-xylene in the presence of UV, with methanoic acid being the major intermediate desorbed from the bed. The results demonstrated that the ZnO/GAC is an efficient option for the removal of VOCs and biohazards emitted from industrial streams.
Calcul sous-différentiel et solutions de viscosité des équations de Hamilton-Jacobi

LE BUT EST DE RESOUDRE LES EQUATIONS DE HAMILTON-JACOBI DU PREMIER ORDRE EN DIMENSION INFINIE ET DU DEUXIEME ORDRE EN DIMENSION FINIE. DANS LA PREMIERE PARTIE, NOUS DONNONS UNE FORMULE POUR LE SOUS-DIFFERENTIEL DU PREMIER ORDRE DE LA SOMME DE DEUX FONCTIONS EN DIMENSION INFINIE. DANS LA DEUXIEME PARTIE, NOUS DONNONS L'EXISTENCE ET L'UNICITE DES SOLUTIONS DE VISCOSITE DES EQUATIONS DE HAMILTON-JACOBI DU PREMIER ORDRE EN DIMENSION INFINIE. DANS LA DERNIERE PARTIE, NOUS DONNONS UNE FORMULE POUR LE SOUS-DIFFERENTIEL DU SECOND ORDRE DE LA SOMME DE DEUX FONCTIONS EN DIMENSION FINIE, ET NOUS APPLIQUERONS CETTE FORMULE POUR L'UNICITE DES SOLUTIONS DE VISCOSITE DE QUELQUES EQUATIONS DE HAMILTON-JACOBI DU DEUXIEME ORDRE EN DIMENSION FINIE. NOUS DONNONS AUSSI DEUX EXEMPLES ; LE PREMIER MONTRE QUE CETTE FORMULE N'EST PAS VALABLE DANS UN ESPACE DE HILBERT SEPARABLE, ET LE DEUXIEME MONTRE QU'ELLE N'EST PAS VALABLE AU SENSE GATEAUX DANS UN ESPACE DE HILBERT NON SEPARABLE
A Review in Fault Diagnosis and Health Assessment for Railway Traction Drives

During the last decade, due to the increasing importance of reliability and availability, railway industry is making greater use of fault diagnosis approaches for early fault detection, as well as Condition-based maintenance frameworks. Due to the influence of traction drive in the railway system availability, several research works have been focused on Fault Diagnosis for Railway traction drives. Fault diagnosis approaches have been applied to electric machines, sensors and power electronics. Furthermore, Condition-based maintenance framework seems to reduce corrective and Time-based maintenance works in Railway Systems. However, there is not any publication that summarizes all the research works carried out in Fault diagnosis and Condition-based Maintenance frameworks for Railway Traction Drives. Thus, this review presents the development of Health Assessment and Fault Diagnosis in Railway Traction Drives during the last decade.
A Review on Detection and Prevention of Prankster Attack using evolutionary Algorithm in VANET

— The most important fact in VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network) is vehicle position. The original paths are changed by Prankster and Malicious attackers into fake packets and harm the VANET. It can be also termed as congestion in network. It has been seen very often that some malicious vehicles passes wrong information to the network through which the vehicles get distort from their original path. Previously various have been come out. But in this research , the advantage of genetic algorithm will be presented to detect the prankster attack.