Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic measurements of ultra-clean van der Waals heterostructures

Author(s): Zibrov, Alexander A | Advisor(s): Young, Andrea F | Abstract: When interactions between electrons dominate over their kinetic energies, this can lead to emergent collective states with new quantum degrees of freedom described in terms of quasiparticles. These collective states can fall into two distinct categories: either the interactions lead to a breaking of an underlying symmetry, or electrons can form topologically ordered states characterized by a degenerate ground state in the zero temperature limit. The condition for strong interactions is met in two-dimensional electron systems (2DES) immersed in high magnetic fields, where electron kinetic energies quench into a ladder of dispersionless Landau levels broadened by disorder. Landau levels are an example of a topological band, characterized by a Chern number C ∈ Z. Correlated electron states then appear at partial filling of a Landau level — these are called fractional quantum Hall states.In this thesis, I present a series of magneto-capacitance measurements of the thermo- dynamic density of states of low-disorder dual-gated graphene/boron nitride heterostructures – two-dimensional materials that can be isolated and later reassembled into stacks of designer properties. In such devices, we observe the elusive even-denominator fractional quantum Hall states at half filling of mono- and bilayer graphene. For monolayer graphene, we propose a scenario where the observed states are multicomponent states that incorporate correlations between electrons on different carbon sublattices. In the bilayer graphene case, the observed even-denominator states are single-component andpotentially host non-Abelian excitations, i.e. quasiparticles with fractional statistics, that are neither fermions or bosons.Moreover, if we introduce a twist between the graphene and boron nitride layers, aperiodic moire potential will appear. As a result of the interplay between a magnetic field and the moire potential, new Hofstadter bands with Chern numbers C ≠ 1 can arise, in which we observe fractional Chern insulators — a generalization of fractional quantum Hall states to bands with a higher Chern index.
Clinical Movement Analysis to Identify Muscle Imbalances and Guide Exercise

Athletic therApy todAy © 2007 Human Kinetics · ATT 12(4), pp. 10-14 OVEMENT is an essential component of daily life and athletic performance. Human movement is influenced by an individual’s structural alignment, muscle flexibility, muscle strength, and nervous system coordination of muscle responses to a changing environment. Observation of human movement can be used to develop strategies for prevention of injuries and enhancement of athletic performance.1-3 The Overhead Squat Test can be used to qualitatively assess an individual’s overall movement patterns. The results of this test can then be related to goniometric measures (muscle flexibility) and manual muscle testing (muscle strength) to develop a comprehensive view of the individual’s movement characteristics.1 The information can provide the basis for therapeutic exercise recommendations for stretching of potentially overactive and tight muscles and for strengthening of underactive and weak musculature. To optimize function, the individual should be progressed to an integrated functional exercise program.1 The purpose of this report is to explain how to set up and use the Overhead Squat Test with associated measures of muscle length and strength. Common movement patterns observed during performance of the Overhead Squat Test will be explained, along with exercise recommendations for one compensation pattern.
Factors Constraining the Application of Lessons Learned on Construction Projects in Nigeria

Lessons learned is a new form of creating knowledge while also sharing information amongst practitioners in the built environment. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the factors constraining lessons learned application in the delivery of construction projects in Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design technique with the aid of a snow balling sampling technique. A sample size of 111 respondents was determined from a population of 200 made up of practitioners from the built industry. These samples were drawn from some construction firms located in the study area. The questionnaire for the survey was modeled using the Likert scale. Retrieved data were later presented via charts and figures, while Cronbach’s alpha coefficient tests and factor analysis were deployed in analyzing the main issues underlying the study via the IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. The findings from the study show that the constraints to lessons learned deployment could be grouped into six (6) constraints; the most important factor grouping being lack of comprehensive approach to lessons learned followed by lack of time, degeneration into blame sessions that becomes emotionally damaging, poor organizational culture, lack of willingness to share project faults caused by individual or group performance and finally lack of a lessons learned repository.
Constrained Ensemble Kalman Filter for Distributed Electrochemical State Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries

This article proposes a novel model-based estimator for distributed electrochemical states of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. Through systematic simplifications of a high-order electrochemical–thermal coupled model consisting of partial differential-algebraic equations, a reduced-order battery model is obtained, which features an equivalent circuit form and captures local state dynamics of interest inside the battery. Based on the physics-based equivalent circuit model, a constrained ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is pertinently designed to detect internal variables, such as the local concentrations, overpotential, and molar flux. To address slow convergence issues due to weak observability of the battery model, the Li-ion's mass conservation is judiciously considered as a constraint in the estimation algorithm. The estimation performance is comprehensively examined under a wide operating range. It demonstrates that the proposed EnKF-based nonlinear estimator is able to accurately reproduce the physically meaningful state variables at a low computational cost and is significantly superior to its prevalent benchmarks for online applications.
Elderly carers : the experiences of the elderly caring for orphans and vulnerable children in the context of the HIV/Aids epidemic in Chiradzuru district, Malawi

PURPOSE: This qualitative study explores the day-to-day care experiences and livelihoods challenges of the elderly carers of orphan and vulnerable children (OVCs) in rural Chiradzuru district in Malawi. The study aims to highlight the impact of AIDS mortality on Elderly Households’ livelihood assets. METHOD: Using case study approach data was collected from 43 cases comprised of 23 individuals and 3 Focus Groups. The main study participants were elderly-headed households caring for OVCs. Data was collected and the evidence converged using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) to analyse findings. FINDINGS: The main ten study participants were between the ages 55-90+ caring for thirty-eight OVCs; seven of whom were single females caring for OVCs aged between 2-16 years old-some of them caring for second generation of orphans(great grandchildren). Although this is crisis-led fostering, most of the elderly have accepted the responsibility regardless of their capabilities. This highlights the value of family based care in these families. Six of the ten elderly carers had lost a significant number of assets to AIDS sickness and death of family members. A few had given up their wage earning livelihoods to care for OVCs while for the very old (71-90) their physical old-age disabilities affected pursuance of livelihoods impacting their food security and acquisition of basic needs. There was mutual reciprocity between the OVCs and their carers to pursue livelihoods which increased household resilience. Conclusion: The elderly in Chiradzuru need social security support so that they must not give up care of their children to alternative care arrangements which can contribute to trauma on OVCs.
What Does it Take to Sustain a News Habit? The Role of Civic Duty Norms and a Connection to a "News Community" Among News Avoiders in the UK and Spain

Why do some people maintain a news habit while others avoid news altogether? To explore that question, we put findings from an interview-based study of news avoiders in the UK and Spain into dialogue with past research on factors found to shape news consumption. We found that news avoiders saw news as having limited informational benefits and high costs in terms of time, emotional energy, and mental effort. They also did not see consuming news as a civic duty to be pursued despite the costs, nor did they have strong ties to communities that highly valued news consumption. This meant they had few social incentives to return to news habitually and that connections between distant-seeming topics in the news and immediate concerns were rarely reinforced. We conclude that group-level social factors play an understudied but important role in shaping news avoidance.
ESTIMATING AGE-SPECIFIC HAZARD RATES OF INFECTION FROM CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONS

Mathematical models of pathogen transmission in age-structured host populations, can be used to design or evaluate vaccination programs. For reliable results, their forces or hazard rates of infection (FOI) must be formulated correctly and the requisite contact rates and probabilities of infection on contact estimated from suitable observations. Elsewhere, we have described methods for calculating the probabilities of infection on contact from the contact rates and FOI. Here, we present methods for estimating the FOI from cross-sectional serological surveys or disease surveillance in populations with or without concurrent vaccination. We consider both continuous and discrete age, and present estimates of the FOI for vaccine-preventable diseases that confer temporary or permanent immunity.
Using a Delphi Method to Develop Competencies: The Case of Domestic Violence

Background: The past decades have occasioned an explosion of research on Domestic Violence and the health care response. It has become clear that abused women are frequently seen in emergency departments, yet despite the research, the prevalence of the issue among patients, its serious health consequences, and the need for training acknowledged by numerous medical organizations, there is no standardized curriculum for training health care providers, nor an articulated set of competencies to guide curricular development. Objectives: To develop evidence-based competencies on Domestic Violence relevant to health care providers, particularly those in emergency department settings. Methods: Following a modified Delphi process, we completed a literature review for the years 2001-2006 to determine evidence-based practices. Next, an expert panel extracted relevant competencies from the reviewed literature. The competencies were confirmed through consultation with 66 stakeholders across the province of Ontario. Results: Forty-four respondents provided concrete feedback on the competencies, confirming their importance and validity. Conclusion: This paper describes a comprehensive methodological approach to the challenge of developing competencies in DV relevant to health care providers practicing in emergency department settings. The development of competencies is an important first step in the development of a common, standardized, evidence-based medical curriculum.
Vehicle Location Prediction Based on Spatiotemporal Feature Transformation and Hybrid LSTM Neural Network

Location prediction has attracted much attention due to its important role in many location-based services. The existing location prediction methods have large trajectory information loss and low prediction accuracy. Hence, they are unsuitable for vehicle location prediction of the intelligent transportation system, which needs small trajectory information loss and high prediction accuracy. To solve the problem, a vehicle location prediction algorithm was proposed in this paper, which is based on a spatiotemporal feature transformation method and a hybrid long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model. In the algorithm, the transformation method is used to convert a vehicle trajectory into an appropriate input of the neural network model, and then the vehicle location at the next time is predicted by the neural network model. The experimental results show that the trajectory information of an original taxi trajectory is basically reserved by its shadowed taxi trajectory, and the trajectory points of the predicted taxi trajectory are close to those of the shadowed taxi trajectory. It proves that our proposed algorithm effectively reduces the information loss of vehicle trajectory and improves the accuracy of vehicle location prediction. Furthermore, the experimental results also show that the algorithm has a higher distance percentage and a shorter average distance than the other predication models. Therefore, our proposed algorithm is better than the other prediction models in the accuracy of vehicle location predication.
Budgeting, strategic planning and institutional diversity in higher education

ABSTRACT This study investigates the systematic, structural, procedural and reputational differences associated with the use of budgeting for strategic planning across public sector institutions in Canada. Data obtained from a survey of 38 universities across Canada along with publicly available hand-collected data supports a heterogenous mix of budgeting practices across higher education. Our results show institutions rely on budgeting for multiple reasons including control, strategic planning, communication, and regulatory compliance. The findings indicate the adoption of performance management by some institutions, but not others based on systematic differences including budget model, institutional size, decentralization and reputation. The results support a contingency perspective of organizational practices in higher education.
Hybrid Model-Based Analysis of Underground Articulated Vehicles Steering Characteristics

Owing to the harsh environment of underground mines, autonomous underground articulated vehicles (UAVs) with precise control and positioning system are particularly important. However, the ambiguity of steering characteristics hinders the development of UAVs. This study presents a model-based method to uncover the steering characteristics of a UAV. Firstly, a hybrid model of UAV was established, which included a dynamic model of articulated frames and a model of the hydraulic power steering system. Secondly, a field test of a typical UAV, a load-haul-dump (LHD) with 4 m3 capacity, was carried out. In order to verify the correctness of the established model and the accuracy of the involved parameters, the field test results were used to verify the dynamic model in time and frequency domains. Then, the steering characteristics of the UAV were uncovered based on the verified hybrid model, and the results showed that the increased load would increase ‘oversteering’ under the same articulation angle and that the error of trajectory exceeded 0.3 m. In addition, the deviations of trajectories between the two frames were revealed during the transient steering process, and the maximum deviation reached 0.21 m when the velocity was 2 m/s and the articulation angle was 15°. The comprehensive results indicate that the steering characteristics of UAVs cannot be ignored in regard to precise autonomous control and positioning.
Design Of Brake Water Destilation Tools Using Sun Energy For Providing Clean Water For Communities In Coast Coast Of Napae

People who live in coastal areas are often faced with the problem of the availability of clean water to meet their daily needs. This happens because water sources around the coastline generally have brackish or salty taste, one of which is the Napae coastline. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of using box and triangle type absorbent plates made of stainless steel. Tests carried out at 9:00 to 16:00 with the volume of water in the distillator as much as 50 liters. The results showed that the efficiency increased parabolically over time, so it has a tendency to decrease at 14:00 to 16:00 WITA. The highest efficiency occurs at 13.00 WITA ie with a box type absorber of 14.51% while in the triangle type absorbent the highest efficiency occurs at 12.00 WITA of 12.80%, this happens because at this time the sun emits its solar radiation to the
A Brief Report on the Link between Perceived Coach Behaviour, Coach-Athlete Relationship Quality and Performance among South African Male Senior National Level Team Sport Para-Athletes

A fundamental feature in successful coaching outcomes and athlete performance is rooted in the quality of the coach-athlete relationship which is impacted by coaches’ way of being. This investigation examined whether perceived coach behaviour associates with the coach-athlete relationship quality and self-rated season performance among members from two South African male senior national para-sport teams (n = 23, M age = 32.65). The predictive utility of coaches’ perceived behaviour on the dyadic relationship quality and athletes’ views on their own performance was also determined. Cross-sectional quantitative data were collected by means of the Coaching Behaviour Scale for Sport, Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire and a Likert-scale item recording athletes’ subjective rating of perceived standard of performance for the respective competition season. The team members’ reported fairly good standard of season performances and sound relationship standings with their involved head coaches who were seen to exhibit behaviours most illustrative of mental preparation, personal rapport, and competition tactics. Inferences drawn from the correlation analyses advised that particular adoptive coach behaviour in para-sport coaching appears to be a meaningful construct associated with the establishment and maintenance of relationships with athletes. Regression analyses also exposed coaches’ competition strategy behaviour to be a significant predictor of complementarity in the coach-athlete relationship, which along with the noted positive correlations provide a good basis for further exploration in similar sport contexts.
Learning piecewise Lipschitz functions in changing environments

Optimization in the presence of sharp (non-Lipschitz), unpredictable (w.r.t.\ time and amount) changes is a challenging and largely unexplored problem of great significance. We consider the class of piecewise Lipschitz functions, which is the most general online setting considered in the literature for the problem, and arises naturally in various combinatorial algorithm selection problems where utility functions can have sharp discontinuities. The usual performance metric of `static' regret minimizes the gap between the payoff accumulated and that of the best fixed point for the entire duration, and thus fails to capture changing environments. Shifting regret is a useful alternative, which allows for up to $s$ environment {\it shifts}. In this work we provide an $O(\sqrt{sdT\log T}+sT^{1-\beta})$ regret bound for $\beta$-dispersed functions, where $\beta$ roughly quantifies the rate at which discontinuities appear in the utility functions in expectation (typically $\beta\ge1/2$ in problems of practical interest). We also present a lower bound tight up to sub-logarithmic factors. We further obtain improved bounds when selecting from a small pool of experts. We empirically demonstrate a key application of our algorithms to online clustering problems on popular benchmarks.
Vibration behavior of a micro cylindrical sandwich panel reinforced by graphene platelet

In this article, vibration behavior of a micro cylindrical sandwich panel with foam core and reinforced graphene platelet composite layers on the top and bottom resting on elastic foundation based on modified couple stress theory is investigated. Hamilton’s principle is used to determine the governing equations of motion. These equations are solved by Navier’s method to obtain the natural frequencies. The results are compared with the extracted results by the other literatures. The effects of different parameters such as temperature change, volume fraction of graphene platelet, length to radius ratio, and the elastic foundation on the natural frequencies have been carried out. Also, the effects of reinforced materials for layers is discussed and compared with unreinforced composites layers. Sandwich structures are wildly used in different applications such as spacecraft, aeronautical, pressurized gas tanks, boilers, aircraft fuselage, marines, and civil structures, and these cases need high strength and low weight. The present work is a theoretical background for more explorations and further experimental researchers in the field of cylindrical reinforced panels.
OVL: One-View Learning for Human Retrieval

This paper considers a novel problem, named One-View Learning (OVL), in human retrieval a.k. a. person re-identification (re-ID). Unlike fully-supervised learning, OVL only requires pretty cheap annotation cost: labeled training images are only provided from one camera view (source view/domain), while the annotations of training images from other camera views (target views/domains) are not available. OVL is a problem of multi-target open set domain adaptation that is difficult for existing domain adaptation methods to handle. This is because 1) unlabeled samples are drawn from multiple target views in different distributions, and 2) the target views may contain samples of “unknown identity” that are not shared by the source view. To address this problem, this work introduces a novel one-view learning framework for person re-ID. This is achieved by adversarial multi-view learning (AMVL) and adversarial unknown rejection learning (AURL). The former learns a multi-view discriminator by adversarial learning to align the feature distributions between all views. The later is designed to reject unknown samples from target views through adversarial learning with two unknown identity classifiers. Extensive experiments on three large-scale datasets demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method over state-of-the-art domain adaptation and semi-supervised methods.
Methods may matter in injury surveillance: “how” may be more important than “what, when or why”

To examine if and how adjustments in injury surveillance recording methodology may have influenced injury rates. Injury and exposure data were collected among professional male players from the Qatar Stars League from the 2008-2009 season to the 2017-2018 season. There have been four iterations of our data collection methods. In the first five seasons, participation in the programme was voluntary. For seasons 6-7, additional dedicated researchers were tasked with contacting the medical teams every month. At the start of season 8, an electronic recording method was instituted. In the final two seasons, injury surveillance participation was further boosted by reinforced encouragement from institutional management. Overall injury incidence increased from season 5 to season 8. Severe injuries have fallen steadily, but slightly over the ten seasons, whereas mild injuries increased dramatically from seasons 5 to 8. The current data suggest that along with the standard metrics (e.g. injury incidence, injury burden) we also need to clearly report the methods by which data were collected and verified in as much detail as possible. We suggest that sports medicine journals should adopt minimum reporting standards and perhaps checklists could be a useful step forward.