Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Multidirectional LSTM Model for Predicting the Stability of a Smart Grid

The grid denotes the electric grid which consists of communication lines, control stations, transformers, and distributors that aids in supplying power from the electrical plant to the consumers. Presently, the electric grid constitutes humongous power production units which generates millions of megawatts of power distributed across several demographic regions. There is a dire need to efficiently manage this power supplied to the various consumer domains such as industries, smart cities, household and organizations. In this regard, a smart grid with intelligent systems is being deployed to cater the dynamic power requirements. A smart grid system follows the Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) model, in which Information Technology (IT) infrastructure is integrated with physical systems. In the scenario of the smart grid embedded with CPS, the Machine Learning (ML) module is the IT aspect and the power dissipation units are the physical entities. In this research, a novel Multidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (MLSTM) technique is being proposed to predict the stability of the smart grid network. The results obtained are evaluated against other popular Deep Learning approaches such as Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), traditional LSTM and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). The experimental results prove that the MLSTM approach outperforms the other ML approaches.
INFLUENCE OF PROCESS CONDITIONS ON THE MASS TRANSFER DURING OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION OF COATED PINEAPPLE SAMPLES

The study investigated the combined treatment of edible coatings and osmotic dehydration (OD) of pineapple samples. Pineapple samples were coated with 0.5% to 5.0% (w/v) sodium alginate solution by dipping for 60 s and 120 s and then dried at 50C for 10 and 40 min. OD in sucrose solution was carried out for coated and uncoated samples and water loss (WL), solid gain (SG), performance ratio (PR) and weight reduction (WR) were measured. There was a difference of 13.76 (g/100 g fresh sample) in the rates of WL between its highest and lowest value. The lowest value of 6.15 (g/100 g fresh sample) of SG and the highest value of PR of 7.32 was observed in the sample dipped in coating solution of 2% concentration for 120 s followed by drying for 40 min. WL increased whereas SG decreased up to a certain level of concentration of coating solution. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The treatment of coating may provide a solution to the problem of solid gain without affecting water removal during osmotic dehydration. The application of coating before osmotic dehydration (OD) will help in retaining nutrients and flavor than those without coating. The coated osmotically dehydrated fruits after rehydration can be added in ice cream, yogurt and confectionary products. Limited information is available in the literature combining coating with OD of fruits. Results of this study will be helpful in exploring the application of coating in pineapples. The combination of coating and OD may provide a practical method for the preservation of pineapple with better quality characteristics.
Nicotine Addiction Decreases Dynamic Connectivity Frequency In Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abnormal functional network connectivity has been related to nicotine addiction where similar patterns of dysfunction were found after applying dynamic or static connectivity methods. Further developments indicate that connectivity patterns might also exhibit a dysfunctional frequency spectrum. This work employs a quasi-stable time-varying functional connectivity framework to explore frequency effects related to nicotine use. Results suggest that nicotine abstinence in addicted subjects is linked to a frequency decrease of resting state connectivity fluctuations. This effect was found in one out of four quasi-stable connectivity states.
Statins use and its impact in EGFR‐TKIs resistance to prolong the survival of lung cancer patients: A Cancer registry cohort study in Taiwan

Statins have been shown to be a beneficial treatment as chemotherapy and target therapy for lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of statins in combination with epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for the resistance and mortality of lung cancer patients. A population‐based cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan Cancer Registry database. From January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2012, in total 792 non‐statins and 41 statins users who had undergone EGFR‐TKIs treatment were included in this study. All patients were monitored until the event of death or when changed to another therapy. Kaplan‐Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate overall survival. We found that the mortality was significantly lower in patients in the statins group compared with patients in the non‐statins group (4‐y cumulative mortality, 77.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 36.6%‐81.4% vs. 85.5%; 95% CI, 78.5%‐98%; P = . 004). Statin use was associated with a reduced risk of death in patients the group who had tumor sizes <3 cm (hazard ratio [HR], 0.51, 95% CI, 0.29‐0.89) and for patients in the group who had CCI scores <3 (HR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.41‐0.88; P = .009). In our study, statins were found to be associated with prolonged survival time in patients with lung cancer who were treated with EGFR‐TKIs and played a synergistic anticancer role.
Jumping on the ‘bad’wagon? How group membership influences responses to the social exclusion of others

Abstract In four studies, we addressed whether group membership influences behavioral and neural responses to the social exclusion of others. Participants played a modified three-player Cyberball game (Studies 1–3) or a team-selection task (Study 4) in the absence or presence of a minimal group setting. In the absence of a minimal group, when one player excluded another player, participants actively included the excluded target. When the excluder was from the in-group and the excluded player from the out-group, participants were less likely to intervene (Studies 1–3) and also more often went along with the exclusion (Study 4). Functional magnetic resonance imaging results (Study 3) showed that greater exclusion in the minimal group setting concurred with increased activation in the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex, a region associated with overriding cognitive conflict. Self-reports from Study 4 supported these results by showing that participants’ responses to the target’s exclusion were motivated by group membership as well as participants’ general aversion to exclude others. Together, the findings suggest that when people witness social exclusion, group membership triggers a motivational conflict between favoring the in-group and including the out-group target. This underscores the importance of group composition for understanding the dynamics of social exclusion.
Racial discrimination, depressive symptoms, and sleep problems among Blacks in the rural South.

OBJECTIVES Experiences of racial discrimination are common for Black Americans and have been associated with depression and sleep disturbance, factors likely involved in the insidious development of health disparities. The current study replicates these associations and examines longitudinal linkages. METHOD Black American couples (men: N = 248, Mage = 40, SD = 9; women: N = 277, Mage = 37, SD = 7) and their children, aged 9 to 14 (N = 276, Mage = 11, SD = 1), completed measures of experiences of racial discrimination, depressive symptoms, and sleep problems at baseline and 8-month follow-up. In separate analyses for men, women, and youth, we examined concurrent and prospective associations of racial discrimination with depressive symptoms and sleep problems, then used longitudinal indirect effect models to examine whether depressive symptoms in response to racial discrimination led to increased sleep problems, or vice versa. RESULTS Racial discrimination was associated concurrently with depressive symptoms and sleep problems for all family members. Prospective associations were also found with depressive symptoms and sleep problems in fathers and youth, and sleep problems in mothers. Longitudinal models showed significant indirect effects of racial discrimination on change in sleep problems through depressive symptoms for fathers and mothers, and a similar, but nonsignificant, pattern in youth. There were no indirect effects on change in depressive symptoms through sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS Persistent associations of racial discrimination with depressive symptoms and sleep problems reflect a lasting impact of racial discrimination. Because discrimination's effects on depression may contribute to increased sleep problems over time, interventions that buffer the effects of discrimination on depressive symptoms may also reduce sleep problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Stream Restoration in the Pacific Northwest: Analysis of Interviews with Project Managers

Hundreds of millions of dollars per year are spent on river restoration in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), but little is known about the effectiveness of this effort. To help address this gap, we analyzed a database containing 23,000 projects at 35,000 locations in the region. We selected a subset of these projects for interviews using a survey instrument developed by a national team of scientists. In total, 47 project contacts in the PNW were interviewed to learn from the individuals directly involved in restoration. At least one‐third of the projects surveyed (34%) did not conduct sufficient monitoring to evaluate effectiveness. More than two‐thirds (70%) of all respondents reported their projects were successful, but 43% either have no success criteria or are unaware of any criteria for their project. Although almost two‐thirds (66%) of respondents anticipate a need for ongoing project maintenance, less than half (43%) have maintenance funds available. These findings suggest that establishing a connection between effectiveness monitoring and project implementation is not a usual component of project design. Consequently, we can only assess the benefits in a few isolated projects and cannot quantify the cumulative benefits of restoration on a larger scale. These findings highlight the need for (1) planning prior to implementation of restoration projects that accounts for monitoring design; (2) coordinated effectiveness monitoring to assess cumulative effects of restoration; and (3) management and maintenance of projects based on real measures of project performance.
Observations of Adelomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) reproductive biology facilitated by digital field microscopy and DNA barcoding

Abstract Many Neotropical species whose range is restricted to tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) are in danger of local or total extinction due to warming and drying as air warmed by climate change ascends these mountains. While the species richness of many arthropod higher taxa declines at high elevations, those species that do reside in TMCF are often highly specialised and endemic, rendering their natural history especially interesting. However, we know little about these TMCF arthropods. One genus of ants, Adelomyrmex Emery, 1897 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is characteristic of many TMCFs in Central America, and exemplifies this pattern. While workers of this genus are very common in leaf litter samples, winged males and winged queens have been unknown and nests have never been observed for most species. Here we report how a combination of affordable digital field microscopes and DNA barcoding has allowed nest discovery and documentation and linked male and worker Adelomyrmex. Based on this work, we have now learned that male Adelomyrmex can be quite abundant locally.
Present and new frontiers in materials research by ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

In this topical review we catagorise all ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy publications that have appeared between the 1970s and the end of 2018 according to their scientific field. We find that catalysis, surface science and materials science are predominant, while, for example, electrocatalysis and thin film growth are emerging. All catalysis publications that we could identify are cited, and selected case stories with increasing complexity in terms of surface structure or chemical reaction are discussed. For thin film growth we discuss recent examples from chemical vapour deposition and atomic layer deposition. Finally, we also discuss current frontiers of ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy research, indicating some directions of future development of the field.
Flavonoids and antioxidative activities in buckwheat.

Samples of buckwheat from four cultivars grown at three locations in western Canada for 4 years were used to study the effect of cultivar, location, and growing season on the flavonoid content and antioxidative activities of the seed. Buckwheat contained an average of 387 and 1314 mg/100 g of flavonoid and 47 and 77 mg/100 g of rutin in the seed and hull, respectively. Location was the main source of variation for flavonoid and rutin contents of the seed, while growing season had significant influence on the flavonoid content of the hulls. Variation in antioxidative activities was mainly due to a cultivar × environment effect. Antioxidative activities expressed as AOX (Δ log A470/min), AA (% inhibition relative to control), and ORR (oxidation rate ratio) ranged from 0.42, 114, and 0.16 to 1.63, 48, and 0.59, respectively. Flavonoid content in buckwheat was strongly correlated with rutin content and weakly associated with antioxidative activities, while rutin content was not related to antioxidative activi.
Physostigmine and Atropine Potentiate and Inhibit Neuronal α4β4 Nicotinic Receptors

he muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine is able to potentiate and to inhibit neuronal α4β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor–mediated responses (nAChRs) by competitive and noncompetitive mechanisms. The concentration-dependent effects of atropine on inward currents evoked by a low ACh concentration result in a bell-shaped concentration-effect curve (FIG. 1A). The potentiating effect of atropine is surmounted by elevating the concentration of ACh, indicating that the potentiation is due to a competitive interaction of atropine with the nAChR. The inhibitory effect of atropine is predominantly due to noncompetitive, voltage-dependent ion channel block. Steady state effects of ACh and atropine are accounted for by a model for combined receptor occupation and channel block (FIG. 2), in which atropine acts on two distinct sites. The first is associated with competitive potentiation, which occurs when one of the agonist recognition sites of the receptor is occupied by ACh and the other agonist recognition site is occupied by atropine. The second site is associated with noncompetitive ion channel block. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine exerts agonistic and antagonistic effects on nAChR. Physostigmine induces nAChR-mediated single-channel openings in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons, which are thought to be due to binding of physostigmine to a site on the nAChR distinct from the ACh recognition site. Interestingly, no physostigmine-induced whole-cell currents are observed in vertebrate cells. Recently, we have observed physostigmine-induced nAChR-mediated whole-cell ion currents in insect neurons. In addition, physostigmine inhibits ACh-induced ion current in these cells. Block T
Exploring Changes in Activity Patterns in Individuals with Chronic Pain

This longitudinal study explored whether activity patterns change over time in a sample of 56 individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain over a 15-day period. Once a day, the participants recorded their level of pain intensity and the degree to which they had engaged in several specific activity patterns. Linear mixed models with random coefficients were used to investigate the rate of change in the activity patterns. Age, sex, pain intensity, and pain duration were controlled. The results show that excessive persistence was the only self-reported activity pattern to show a linear change over the 15-day period. There was a decrease in excessive persistence, and this decrease was slower with higher levels of activity avoidance. However, no significant association was found between sex, age, pain intensity, and pain duration and excessive persistence at baseline or change over time. At baseline, a positive association was found between excessive persistence and pain avoidance, pain-related persistence, and pacing to reduce pain, and a negative association was found between excessive persistence and pacing to save energy for valued activities. This result suggests a profile characterized by alternate periods of high and low activity that, in this study, were unrelated to longitudinal changes in pain intensity.
Guanine-Containing DNA Minor-Groove Binders

Solid-phase procedures have been used to prepare six dipyrrole-containing DNA ligands that combine (guanin-9-yl)acetyl, (guanin-7-yl)acetyl or acetyl moieties at the N-terminal end and two lysines or a (dimethylamino)propyl group at the C terminus. Inspection of their DNA-stabilizing properties by UV-monitored thermal denaturation experiments showed that the ligand incorporating the (guanin-9-yl)acetyl group and the (dimethylamino)propyl tail had the highest duplex-stabilizing effects. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Ectogenic Meromixis at Layton's Lake, Nova Scotia, Canada

Abstract Prior to 1960, Layton's Lake, N.S. , received periodic intrusion of seawater from the Bay of Fundy and now exhibits ectogenic meromixis. The chemocline is situated at a depth of 8.0 to 8.5 meters and is approximately 1 meter thick. This region has a strong specific conductance gradient with values increasing by a factor of 20 over a distance of 1 meter. Tracing conductance isopleths over time suggests that the chemocline is being eroded at a rate of less than 1 cm per annum. Meromictic stabilities are low (⋍ 100 g-cm/cm2), however factors such as morphometric protection, summer thermal stratification and winter ice cover are probably important in maintaining meromixis. The monimolimnion has high specific conductance (26,000 umho/cm) and appears to be acting as a nutrient trap. Monimolimnetic phosphorus concentrations are as high as 26,000 mg P/m3 with more than 85% in the soluble reactive form.
Succession des communautés de gastéropodes dans deux milieux différant par leur degré d'eutrophisation

This paper compares the succession of gastropods in two environments that are adjacent in space but differ as to their eutrophic level. One is hypereutrophic (du Sud River), the other is mesotrophic (Richelieu River). Canonical correlation analysis brings out the main differences between these two stations, while principal component analysis is used to describe the succession of species within each community. These analyses indicate that the occurrence of gastropod species, as well as their development cycles, may be adapted to the particular synecological evolution of each environment. Thus, the species would not react directly to nutrient concentrations but indirectly, through the effects of these concentrations on oxygen content, plant cover, and predators. In these two environments, some benthic species seem to be good indicators of the eutrophic level of the ecosystem.
Study of the binding of99mtechnetium-radiopharmaceuticals on blood cells and plasma proteins: evaluation using precipitation with trichloroacetic acid

Nuclear medicine uses radioactive tracers called radiopharmaceuticals to study the bloodflow, metabolism and morphology of an organ. Sodium pertechnetate (99mTcO4Na) and many 99mTc products are the most frequently radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine. Secure determination of the binding of 99mTc-radiopharmaceuticals to plasma (P) and blood cell (BC) constituents can help to understand the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals. The reported evaluations about the binding of radiopharmaceuticals on blood elements have shown that the results can not be easily compared. We decided to determine the gold standard concentration of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to study the binding of radiopharmaceuticals on blood proteins: 99mTc-stannous colloid (99mTc-Sn-Colloid), sodium pertechnetate (99mTcO4Na), methylenediphosphonic acid (99mTc-MDP) and diisopropyliminodiacetic acid (99mTc-DISIDA). Blood of Wistar rats, was incubated with the radiopharmaceuticals for 5 minutes at room temperature, centrifuged and plasma (P) and blood cells (BC) were isolated. Samples of P and BC were also precipitated with TCA concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0%) and soluble (SF) and insoluble fractions (IF) were isolated and counted. The percent radioactivity (%ATI) in IF-P depends on TCA concentration. It varies from 23.7 to 75.7 (99mTc-Sn-Colloid), from 7.8 to 26.2 (99mTcO4Na), from 10.7 to 40.4 (99mTc-MDP), from 52.2 to 60.7 (99mTc-DISIDA). The gold concentrations of TCA to study the binding of the studied radiopharmaceuticals in blood elements were revealed from the obtained results: (i) for 99mTc-Sn-Colloid in the IF-P is shown that there is no differences in the percent of radioactivity when TCA concentrations of 20 to 5.0 percent were used for precipitation, (ii) for 99mTcO4Na, 0.5 percent TCA concentration is the best one to precipitate the bound radiopharmaceutical, (iii) for 99mTc-MDP the % ATI increased from 10.7 to 40.4 with TCA concentrations from 0.1 to 5.0 percent and decreased from 40.4 to 23.8 with TCA concentrations from 5.0 to 20.0 percent and (iv) for 99mTc-DISIDA, the values of bound radioactivity are not dependent on TCA concentration in the range of 0.1 to 5.0 percent. The %ATI in IF-BC depends on TCA concentration and it varied for 99mTcO4Na (28.8 to 77.9), for 99mTc-MDP (68.8 to 83.7), for 99mTc-DISIDA (69.3 to 92.8). However, for 99mTc-Sn-Colloid, the %ATI in the insoluble fraction seems to be independent of the TCA concentration. The analysis of these results will contribute to understand the involved mechanisms on the binding of radiopharmaceuticals on blood elements. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating Transition Probabilities for Stage‐Based Population Projection Matrices Using Capture‐Recapture Data

In stage—based demography, animals are often categorized into size (or mass) classes, and size—based probabilities of surviving and changing mass classes must be estimated before demographic analyses can be conducted. In this paper, we develop two procedures for the estimation of mass transition probabilities from capture—recapture data. The first approach uses a multistate capture—recapture model that is parameterized directly with the transition probabilities of interest. Maximum likelihood estimates are then obtained numerically using program SURVIV. The second approach involvesa modification of Pollock's robust design. Estimation proceeds by conditioning on animals caught in a particualr class at time i, and then using closed models to estimate the number of these that are alive in other classes at i + 1. Both methods are illustrated by application to meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus, capture—recapture data. The two methods produced reasonable estimates that were similar. Advantages of these two a.