Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fertilization and mowing effects on unimproved mixed-species hayfields in Quebec, Canada

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the response of two unimproved mixed-species hayfields in Quebec, Canada, to management regimes of high fertilization and intensive mowing. Dry matter and nutrient yields, tissue nutrient concentrations, and soil nutrient pools were determined in Bromus–Poa and Pleum–Lolium hayfields fertilized with inorganic fertilizer, liquid dairy manure, or no fertilizer and mown at different intensities (every 2 wk or unmown, during a 12-wk period). Dry matter and nutrient yields, and tissue nutrient concentrations were similar in plots receiving inorganic and dairy manure fertilizers, but the dry matter yield was 0.6 to 2.8 Mg ha 21 higher in fertilized plots than the unfertilized control. Repeated mowing reduced dry matter yield by 1.5 to 2.7 Mg ha 21 , however, tissue nutrient concentration and nutrient yield were greater in mown than unmown plots. The apparent N recovery in a mown, fertilized Pleum–Lolium hayfield was greater than 100%, as the nutrient yields (143 kg N ha 21 ) were greater than the N fertilizer input of 75 kg N ha 21 . Soil NO3 2 and microbial biomass N concentration were significantly (P , 0.05, Tukey test) lower in fertilized plots that were mown every 2 wk than unmown during the study period. Frequent mowing may be a management option that can reduce soil residual N and thus limit NO3 2 leaching from mixed-species hayfields.
CLEAN Technique to Classify and Detect Objects in Subsurface Imaging

An image domain CLEAN technique, for nondestructive and noncontacting subsurface imaging, is discussed. Recently introduced finite-difference time-domain- (FDTD-) based virtual tool, GrGPR, is used to create imaging scenarios and to generate synthetic scattering data through synthetic aperture (SAR) type scanning. Matlab-based imaging algorithms are used to process recorded FDTD data. The location and the geometry of the targets are obtained by image domain CLEAN technique which is extracting scattering centers from the SAR image. The effectiveness of the algorithm is tested in simulated data.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A DETAILED, PROCESS-BASED CROP MODEL FOR GIANT REED

The aim of the thesis is the development of a process-based model for the simulation of giant reed growth and productivity under a variety of climatic and management conditions. Arundo donax L. (giant reed) is a perennial C3 grass native to Asia and naturalized to the Mediterranean area. Being part of the second generation biofuel crop (i.e., non-food, cellulosic biomass feedstock for ethanol or combustion), Arundo d. is characterized by high yield potential with low requirements in terms of soil, fertilizers, and water. Therefore giant reed is attracting interest as an alternative energy source and dedicated research studies are continuously increasing. The re-implementation of the sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) model Canegro (DSSAT v4.5) in a framework-independent component was starting point for the development of the Arundo donax L. model (i.e., Arungro). The Canegro component was effectively extended and adapted for giant reed because of several morphological and physiological features shared with sugarcane. The newly developed Arungro model was calibrated and evaluated by means of two dedicated field monitoring under a number of crop ages and management conditions. The model performed reasonably well especially for the estimation of the aboveground biomass. The investigation of the impact of climate change on Arundo donax L. production was carried out by applying the Arungro model in a case study area in the Po valley area. This was the first attempt in evaluating future non-feed and non-food crop productivity.
How Entrepreneurial are Project-based Courses in Engineering Education?

This paper addresses the ongoing integration of entrepreneurship into engineering education and investigates the relationship between inductive teaching methods and teaching through entrepreneurship. The potential for learning experiences leading to the development of entrepreneurial capabilities in project based courses is investigated, through a qualitative multi-case study of eight courses, applying effectuation and new value creation to assess ways in which project-based learning is entrepreneurial . It is found that even in cases where students are engaged in new value creation towards an external actor, the structure of projects seems to mainly call for students to enact a causal rather effectual logic in their actions and strategies. Pedagogical implications for educators wanting students to develop entrepreneurial capabilities are discussed.
The relationship between A-level subject choice and league table score of university attended: the ‘facilitating’, the ‘less suitable’, and the counter-intuitive

Abstract English students from less privileged backgrounds and state, rather than private, schools remain significantly under-represented at high-status universities. There has been little work to date on the role of A-level subject choice, as opposed to attainment, in access to university. Using linked administrative data for three recent cohorts of English entrants to UK universities, I examine the relationship between league table score of university attended and A-level subject choices, using a taxonomy of A-levels categorised according to their published efficacy for Russell Group university admission as ‘facilitating’, ‘useful’, or ‘less suitable’. I further examine the relationship of three ‘less suitable’ A-levels with league table score of university for related degree courses commonly leading to professional business careers (accountancy, business, and law). Holding more facilitating A-levels is associated with attending a higher ranked university overall, even controlling for degree subject, and the converse is true for ‘less suitable’ subjects. The heterogeneous relationships of professionally-related A-level subjects with university ranking make decision-making for aspirational 16-year-olds problematic: an apparently sensible subject choice for students wishing to prepare for a professional career may, in fact, put them at a disadvantage.
Cloud Phase Determination in the Arctic Using AERI Data

Cloud-radiative processes in the Arctic have a large and significant effect on the global energy budget. Curry et al. (1996) have identified cloud phase as one of the primary unknowns, which affects the radiation budget in the Arctic. To correctly determine cloud properties, such as particle size and condensed water path that dictate the cloud’s radiative effects, the cloud phase must be accurately determined. However, the presence of highly reflecting snow and ice, together with a persistent temperature inversion that exists much of the year, hampers the ability to remotely detect cloud phase. This paper demonstrates that far-infrared observations (between 17 to 20 μm) can help resolve ambiguities and improve infrared (IR) cloud phase detection.
The Effectiveness of Forecasting Methods Using Multiple Information Variables

This paper examines the effectiveness of forecasting methods using multiple information variables in forecasting the rate of changes in the consumer price index (CPI) and real GDP in Japan, and investigates the background of forecast performance improvement and its limitations. We first examine the performance of forecasts that use individual information variables as well as forecasts that use multiple information variables. The results show that no single variable improves forecasts in all periods for either CPI or GDP, but combining the information from individual forecasts can lead to a stable forecast performance. Next, to explore the backdrop to these improvements in forecast performance, we decompose and analyze the forecast error of forecast combinations using a simple mean. We discover that the irregular movements of forecast errors generally cancel each other out, which in turn leads to a reduction in errors. At the same time, the effect of reducing forecast errors rapidly diminishes with the addition of variables, and we verify that forecast performance stops improving after two to four variables are added. For this reason, it is necessary to consider both the performance of original forecast series that comprise the combination, and the combination of variables that best reduces the correlation among forecast error series to obtain the optimal combination of series.
Computational structural and functional proteomics 235 Chapter # IDENTIFICATION AND STRUCTURE-FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIFICITY DETERMINING RESIDUES OF THE ALPHA SUBUNITS OF THE PROTEOSOMAL COMPLEX

Motivation: Proteosomes are polyenzymatic proteolytic structures that provide the degradation of the bulk of cytoplasmic proteins to oligopeptides. The proteosomal genes in the eukaryotes all arose by duplication of a single ancestral gene encoding the proteosomal subunits in the bacteria. The analysis of evolutionary events after duplication may be useful for discovering new information about proteosomal structural and functional properties. Results: We confine our study here to the detection of the positions of the α-subunits whose amino acid substitutions are specific to particular subunits of the proteosomal alpha-rings. We detected a set of the α-subunit positions whose substitutions are specific to the genes that encode the various proteosomal subunits. It was demonstrated that these specific amino acid substitutions are the features of residues that form the subunit contacts in the α-ring of the proteosomes. Availability: The proteosomal sequences, multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic tree used in analysis are available upon request.
HISTOLOGY AND HISTOMORPHOLOGY OF HORMONE TREATED SURATI BUFFALO UDDER TISSUE

In the global dairy scenario, India has the distinction of being the largest milk producing nation of the total milk production of 100.9 million tons in 2006-2007, about 55.6% has been contributed by buffalo. Buffalo is a more efficient milk producer than an indigenous cow. The present study was carried out to study the morphological changes associated with induced lactation in buffalo mammary gland tissue. Lactation was induced in four non-pregnant, non-lactating buffaloes by subcutaneous injections of estradiol-17β and progesterone for 10 d (@ 0.10 and 0.25 mg kg-1 b. w./d) respectively and Dexamethasone (@ 0.028 mg kg-1 b.w./d) treatment was given on 17th to 19th d. Milking was initiated on day 20. Biopsies of mammary glands were collected on 0, 7th, 14th and 21st day from each animal. Hormonal treatment of mammary tissues of 0 days had abundant connective and adipose tissues with very sparse lobuloalveolar structures. On the 7th day, there was a decrease in stroma, increase in epithelial cell area with increased lobulo-alveolar architecture. There was an accumulation of intracellular and intra-luminal secretions with more lipid droplets. From 7th to 21st day, these changes were progressive although variable amongst buffaloes. The average size of the lobule, alveoli as well as the number and volume of alveoli were significantly increased on the 21st day as compared to 0 day. Increase in size of lobule, alveoli and volume of alveoli and number of alveoli inferred that there was significant physiological changes in the ultrastructure of mammary gland of buffalo. These changes were similar to lactating mammary gland.
Time Series Forecasting of Solid Waste Generation in Arusha City - Tanzania

Statistical time series modeling is widely used in prediction and forecasting studies. This study intends to analyze, compare and select the best time series model for forecasting amount of solid waste generation for the next years in Arusha city - Tanzania among ARMA/ARIMA and Exponential Smoothing models. The past data used are monthly amount of solid waste collected by the city authorities from year 2008 to 2013. The result indicated that ARIMA (1, 1, 1) outperformed other potential models in terms of MAPE, MAD and RMSE measures and hence used to forecast the amount of the solid waste generation for the next years. Keywords: ARIMA models, Exponential Smoothing models, time series, MAPE, MAD, RMSE
Identification of the Airport's Environmental Issues (Case Sam Ratulangi International Airport of Manado)

This study aims to map the environmental issues that occurred at the Sam Ratulangi International Airport of Manado, so those environmental issues can be seen where that has got the proper treatment and which ones still need more attention. This research uses Importance-Performance Analysis. This analysis used to compare between the respondent's assessments of the environmental quality importance with performance levels of environmental quality. Performance improvement priorities are determined by the relative value only, which is the average value of importance and performance. Outcome mapping environmental issues is Quadrant I indicated that issues related to air pollution, noise, organic waste, health and the society economy improvement still needs to get more intensive handling priority again. Quadrant II shows that issues of vibration, organic waste, hazardous waste, flora and fauna have to maintain its performance by management Sam Ratulangi Airport. Quadrant III shows that the issue of socio-cultural influence is felt less important by the respondents. Whereas in Quadrant IV, not found any environmental issues. By implication, necessary to conduct more intensive control operations impact the airport, among others, the reduction of resource consumption, air and sound pollution control and waste management/waste operations.
Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cytology and seed germination in onion

Nanoparticles are microscopic particles with at least one dimension less than 1000 nm. For this, these particles are very attractive materials to handle in biological system. Nanoparticles are found to be very suitable in sensing and detection of biological structures and systems (Singh et al., 2008). Metal nanoparticles appear in different shapes such as nano-powder or nano-cluster or nano-crystal and different sizes ranging from 2 nm to 1000 nm. Nanoparticles are of great scientific interest as they are effectively a bridge between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures (Kongara et al., 2007). Man engineered nanomaterials have received a particular attention because of their positive impact in improving many sectors of economy, including consumer products, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, transportation, energy and agriculture, etc. These are ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 2 (2014) pp. 467-473 http://www.ijcmas. com
The Virtual Assembly Technology Based on Natural Gesture

the purpose of this paper is to present a method called virtual assembly technology based on natural gesture. In the proposed method, five Leap Motions are fixed on the table to measure the position of the hands. Due to the tracking errors and the noise of equipment, the measurement errors will increase over time. Therefore, we use Kalman Filter and Particle Filter to evaluate the position and orientation of our hands. Then we use 3D Max to build the joint model of our hands, and OSG (OpenSceneGraph) to refactor the model of the hand. We use k-DOPs collision detection algorithm to detect collisions between hands model and human model. Then we use noncontact force feedback to make the operator experience the drag force like in a real environment, so that the operator can use natural gesture to do various assembly operation on the parts of the products in an interactive virtual assembly environment. Keywords-virtual assembly; kalman filtering; leap motion; force feedback.
Comparing historic records of storm frequency and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) chronology for the Azores region

The storminess of the Azores region was investigated using newspaper records from AD 1836 onwards. The information obtained was rank-ordered for intensity and the time series of storm frequency analysed for interannual- to century-scale variability. The documentary data set was validated by comparison with objective cyclones intensity for the period AD 1958—2000. Results indicate that four periods of contrasting storm frequency are present (AD 1836—1870, 1870—1920, 1920—1940 and 1940—1998). The average storm lasts for 2.3 days and the average secular storm frequency is 3.1 storms/yr. Low intensity events occur four times every five years whereas an extreme storm occurs on average once every seven years. The documentary index of storminess is highly variable at different timescales, which is consistent with other studies of storminess in the North Atlantic. Nevertheless, an objective comparison between late nineteenth- and late twentieth-century storm frequency does not reveal a significant difference. Between AD 1865 and the late twentieth century the winter NAO and storminess indices show a statistically significant anti-correlation pattern at the monthly and seasonal scales. In the late nineteenth century and between AD 1950 and 1970 the NAO index was low and the storminess index high, whilst the opposite occurred from the early twentieth century until the middle 1950s; since AD 1970 both indexes reveal positive trends and are predominantly positive. The NAO mode of circulation is partially responsible for the storminess spatial pattern and temporal distribution over the Azores region since AD 1865 and for about a century, however this relation appears to have weakened since the 1960s.
Human Leukocyte Antigens and Host Factors are Associated with Good Health in Ageing Indian Population

Background: An efficient functional immune system is likely to be responsible for both good health and longevity. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is responsible for many aspects of immunity. Aims and objectives: This case-control study was carried out with to study the association of HLA with longevity and good health in Asian Indian population. The results of tissue-typing by serology and role of host factors in longevity was also evaluated. Methods: A detailed questionnaire was administered to all 76 participants and 75 controls which included family history of longevity followed by a thorough clinical examination, routine hematological and biochemical testing. Tissue-typing in cases was performed by microlymphocytotoxicity (n=70), sequence specific primers (SSP) (n =06) or both (n=39) for class I antigens and by SSP for class II antigens. Statistical analysis was carried out by Chisquare test. P values and Odds ratio were calculated. Results: A higher frequency of A*30, C*06, DRB1*13, DPB1*04:01 and *04:02 was present in the subjects whereas A*29, A*33, B*07, B*35, B*44, C*01, C*07, C*15 DRB1*04 was seen in the controls of which the antigens B*15, C*07 and C*15 were statistically significant. Longevity was found to be clustered in families. The study also brought out the polymorphism for DPB1 alleles min Asian Indians.
Bistability in Ephaptic Coupling as a Possible Memory Element Explored through a Colloid Interptation of Stereocilia Bistability

When the processes of neurons are in close proximity they effectively couple to each other in a process termed Ephaptic coupling. This coupling occurs without the membranes touching when the space between them is some tens of nanometers. If the intra-membrane spacing has a mechanical bistability, which moves the membranes closer and further apart, the Ephaptic coupling will be turned on and off allowing one neuron to read, or not read the content of the other. This paper explores the possibilities of bistable ephaptic memory element by a study of an analogous system that operates at a much larger scale, the Stereocilia of the hair cell. Published measurement of hair cell Stereocilia force/displacement function shows both a negative slope region in the displacement function and tendency to express bistability. We show here how this negative slope region can arise through the exigency of colloid forces. An explanation of Colloid Theory, presented in a graphic form, shows how a colloid force function can be modified to match the measured hair cell cilia force function. The colloid force function is modified by a limiting function resulting from Stereocilia side links, structural details that tie together the hair cell Stereocilia clusters. Understanding how a limited, simple behavior such as Stereocilia bistability functions may point to a more general understanding of how bistability may underlie other areas of living organisms such as memory and computation.
Anxious and Depressive Disorders - Frequency and Comorbidity

PROFESSIONAL PAPER SUMMARY Introduction: Clinical experience and epidemiological, clinical international studies show a high prevalence and significance of psychiatric co- morbidity of depression and anxiety disorders. Goal: The goal of this study was to analyze the comorbidity of anxiety disorders and depression in patients at a Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University (CCUS), and examine the demographic profile of the patients. Material and methods: The study included 1202 patients with different diagnoses, hospitalized at the Psychiatric Clinic CCUS from January 1st 2010 to December 31st 2010. Of this total was selected 491 patients with depressive and anxiety disorders. The intensity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), with 17 items, and anxiety symptoms were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory Scale with 21 items. The study was retrospective, clinical and epidemiological. Results: Of the total number of patients (1202) 424 (35.3%) patients had depressive disorders and anxiety disorders in 57 (4.7%). Comorbidity of these disorders occurs in 10 (0.8%) of patients. Depressive disorders were more present among males (89.1%), while the anxiety disorders and comorbidity in women with 13% and 3%. Depressive disorders are more common (91.7%) among older respondents (over 65 years) and an anxiety up to 25 years of age (25%). Comorbidity was present in 2.6% in age from 26-45 years. Smallest representation had the category of pupils/students with depression, and respondents with university education, which are mostly represented with anxiety disorders. According to duration of hospitalization is highest for depression (over 90 days) and shortest in the case of anxiety (30 days). Conclusion: The results of clinical and epidemiological studies indicate a trend that anxiety disorders and depression occur in comorbidity (simultaneous or alternating) more often than other psychiatric disorders. Clinical experience and epidemiological, clinical international studies show a high prevalence and significance of psychiatric comorbidity of depression and anxiety disorders. Severely depressed and anxious patients have reduced capacity for work, and as such represent a considerable burden to family, community and society. Proper diagnosis, monitoring and treatment leads to better and higher quality of life. Required is a further research of this complex phenomenon on a larger sample in order to improve prevention that is still inefficient.
The copper-gold vein deposit of Kivimaa at Tervola, N-Finland

The Kivimaa ore vein in Northern Finland is located in a shear zone in a folded greenstone bed. The vein is c. 350 metres in length and varies from 1 to 6 metres in thickness. The central and most mineralized part of the vein was mined in 1969, c. 18 000 t of ore were produced averaging 1.2 % Cu and 2 g/t Au. Coarse-grained calcite and quartz form the base of the vein and the major ore minerals are pyrite, magnetite and chalcopyrite. Comparable with analogous sulphide-bearing veins in the Karelian metadiabases in Eastern Finland the Kivimaa ore vein is assumed to have formed as the final differentiate of initial spilitic greenstone magmatism.