Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Scrap Recycling for CO2 Emission Reduction in Steel Plant: A Model Based Approach

Scrap recycling in steel industry plays a crucial role in green technology development by reducing CO2 emissions. Plant scale predictions on effectiveness of steel scrap recycle have been rarely attempted. A life cycle inventory (LCI)‐based methodology for plant CO2 emissions is developed using process modeling of different primary stages (blast furnace‐basic oxygen process (BF‐BOF) and directly reduced iron (DRI, coal based) ‐ electric arc furnace (EAF) process with scrap additions). Emission data from primary stages is used for secondary processing stages for predicting the scope of further reduction. Plant emission reduction through scrap recycle has shown that primary stage emission values can decrease to 1.79 kg CO2/FU (functional unit) and 2.30 kg CO2/FU, respectively, for BF‐BOF and DRI‐EAF routes, by using 400–420 kg scrap per ton of crude steel. The DRI‐EAF route emissions can further decrease if gas‐based DRI is used. Secondary processing of scrap has the potential to decrease overall steel industry emissions to 1.16 kg CO2/FU. Specific country‐based data is processed to estimate net emissions with scrap addition to both primary and secondary stages leading to net emissions of 2.17 kg CO2/FU from 2.6 kg CO2/FU without scrap addition.
MILITARY SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIOS – ROHDE & SCHWARZ STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES

Rohde & Schwarz is one of the leading manufacturers of radios for the military market with an international presence in the fields of test and measurement, information technology and communications. Being among the first to have developed Software Defined Radios Rohde & Schwarz today has a family of SDRs in the market for airborne, tactical/mobile and stationary/shipborn applications. A review of the current status will be given in the second chapter of this article. Germany and many other European nations have developed new military operational concepts to meet challenges yet to come. For their implementation they will require advanced communication capabilities. The European requirements for the next generation of Software Defined Radios are currently under development. Chapters three and four give insight into which requirements are to be expected and how these requirements can be fulfilled by the industry under the aspect of today’s expertise and capabilities, and pointing out migration paths for existing SDRs and concepts for integrating the new features.
Correlation of Clinical and MRI Findings in Hips of 1 Elite Female Ballet Dancers

Elite Female Ballet Dancers 2 3 Victoria B. Duthon † MD, Caecilia Charbonnier* PhD, Frank C. Kolo ‡ MD, Nadia 4 Magnenat-Thalmann* PhD, Christophe D. Becker ‡ MD, Cindy Bouvet × MS, Elia 5 Coppens × MS, Pierre Hoffmeyer † MD, Jacques Menetrey † MD 6 7 † Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, 8 Switzerland 9 *MIRALab, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 10 ‡ Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 11 × Medical University of Geneva, Switzerland 12 13 14 ABSTRACT 15
Support of Investors' Decision Making in Economic Experiments Using Software Tools

During making decision the logit and probit patterns serve to resolve different issues based on statistical data regarding expediency or inappropriateness: opening LTD, investing funds, hiring employees, entering a new market, introducing innovations, etc. The purpose of the research is to support the decision making in economic experiments using software tools and logit and probit analysis. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are defined: investigation of the range of application of the logit and probit models; calculation of open data using the RStudio; development of decision support models using open data sources. Methods and technologies of research: logit and probit models to predict the probability of dealing between traders of cryptocurrencies, cluster analysis of investor profiles through principal component analysis. To distinguish different types of investors we can use cluster analysis which help us to reveal main types of risk-attitude investors. After that we can construct correspondence between specific users and financial instruments.
Appendix IV Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution , Carbon Stocks , and Fire Regimes in California

The objective of this study was to dynamically simulate the response of vegetation distribution, carbon stocks, and fire regimes for the historical climate of California, as well as under two contrasting scenarios of climate change. The results of the simulations for the historical climate compared favorably to independent estimates and observations, but validation of the results was complicated by the model’s lack of land use effects. The response to increasing temperatures under both scenarios was characterized by shifts in the relative dominance of needleleaf and broadleaf life forms and by changes in the potential production of trees. The simulated response to changes in precipitation was more complex, involving not only the effect of changes in soil moisture on vegetation productivity, but also changes in tree-grass competition mediated by fire. Because the summer months were warmer and persistently dry under both scenarios, simulated changes in fire behavior and effects were primarily a response to changes in simulated fuels. Total ecosystem carbon increased under both climate scenarios, but the proportion allocated to different carbon pools varied. The results of the simulations underscore the potentially large impact of climate change on California ecosystems, and the need for further use and development of dynamic vegetation models using various ensembles of climate change scenarios.
Grid-Forming Converters – Inevitability, Control Strategies and Challenges in Future Grids Application

At the heart of the energy transition is the change in generation technology: from conventional generation based on synchronous machines towards renewable energy sources interfaced with power electronic converters. The accompanying loss of rotational inertia and of the robust synchronization mechanism provided by synchronous machines and their controls is a challenge to the operation, control, and stability of the electric power system. In a future low-inertia power system, these functionalities have to be provided by proper control of so-called grid-forming power converters. This article provides a comprehensive review, a classification, and a critical comparison of different grid-forming converter control strategies in a simulation case study.
Route Optimization for Autonomous Container Truck Based on Rolling Window

Route optimization for autonomous container truck is one of the key problems to realize the automatic container port. An environment model for container truck is built by grid method. Considering the complex and unknown construction environment of the container port, an improved ant colony optimization (IACO) algorithm based on rolling window is proposed to achieve path planning for container truck. In the simulations, it is obvious that the IACO will not only achieve a safe collision avoidance path, the length of which is shorter than the truck's traditional route no matter how complex the environment is, but also show good analytical and disposing ability of dead ends in the path planning process. Compared with conventional ant colony optimization (ACO), the running time of IACO is shorter. The results of the simulation experiments demonstrate that the IACO is a good method which is applicable to route optimization for autonomous container truck.
1 A Compact ACS-fed CRLH MIMO Antenna for Wireless Applications

This paper introduces a compact asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS)-fed composite right left handed (CRLH) MIMO antenna for multiband operation. The ACS-fed MIMO antenna is composed of two elements, each is operating at 5 GHz, 5.8 GHz and 6.3 GHz; for different wireless applications. The overall MIMO antenna size is compact (46 ×26 mm 2 ). A unit cell of the CRLH connected to 50 Ω ACS–fed is considered the main block of the antenna. The edge to edge separation between antenna elements equals 0. 4λ0 at 5 GHz. The insertion loss, correlation coefficient, diversity gain and channel capacity are used to evaluate the performance of the ACS-fed MIMO antenna. The isolation higher than 25 dB and envelope correlation lower than 0.05 have been achieved without using any extra decoupling structures. The experimental results are reasonably well agreed with simulated ones.
Cold-Start Aware Deep Memory Network for Multi-Entity Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis

Various types of target information have been considered in aspect-based sentiment analysis, such as entities and aspects. Existing research has realized the importance of targets and developed methods with the goal of precisely modeling their contexts via generating target-specific representations. However, all these methods ignore that these representations cannot be learned well due to the lack of sufficient human-annotated target-related reviews, which leads to the data sparsity challenge, a.k. a. cold-start problem here. In this paper, we focus on a more general multiple entity aspect-based sentiment analysis (ME-ABSA) task which aims at identifying the sentiment polarity of different aspects of multiple entities in their context. Faced with severe cold-start scenario, we develop a novel and extensible deep memory network framework with cold-start aware computational layers which use frequency-guided attention mechanism to accentuate on the most related targets, and then compose their representations into a complementary vector for enhancing the representations of cold-start entities and aspects. To verify the effectiveness of the framework, we instantiate it with a concrete context encoding method and then apply the model to the ME-ABSA task. Experimental results conducted on two public datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on ME-ABSA task.
EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE BETWEEN CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND PERFORMANCE : A PERSPECTIVE OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL CONSTRUCT

Hsing-Kuo Wang, Assistant Professor at Department of Business Administration, National Quemoy University Yu-Fang Yen, Associate Professor at Department of Business Administration, National Quemoy University Jyun-Wei Hong, Post-graduate student of National Quemoy University Yi-Hsiung Tsai, Post-graduate student of National Quemoy University ______________________ Based on the multidimensional construct, we proposed a mode of entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance in a sample of Taiwanese SME firms. Using survey data from 267 firms, we reached the following conclusions in this paper: (1) Innovativeness positively affects firm performance. (2) Proactiveness is positively related to firm performance. (3) Risk-taking is positively related to firm performance. Overall, the entrepreneurial orientation is positively related to the firm’s performance.
Risk Reduction and Efficiency Increase in Large Portfolios: Leverage and Shrinkage

We investigate the effects of constraining leverage and shrinking covariance matrix in constructing large portfolios, both theoretically and empirically. Considering a wide variety of setups that involve conditioning or not conditioning the covariance matrix estimator on the recent past (multivariate GARCH), smaller vs. larger universe of stocks, alternative portfolio formation objectives (Global Minimum Variance vs. exposure to profitable factors), and various transaction cost assumptions, we find that a judiciously-chosen shrinkage method always outperforms an arbitrarily-determined leverage constraint. By extending the mathematical connection between leverage and shrinkage from static to dynamic, we provide a new theoretical explanation for our finding from the perspective of degrees of freedom. In addition, both simulation and empirical analysis show that the DCC-NL estimator results in risk reduction and efficiency increase in large portfolios as long as a small amount of leverage is allowed, whereas tightening the leverage constraint often hurts a DCC-NL portfolio.
MIN-MAX FOR THE ALLEN-CAHN EQUATION AND OTHER TOPICS (PRINCETON, 2019)

The following is a list of problems, substantial hints and brief discussions, related to the topics of my talk during the Summer School in Geometric Analysis at Princeton University in June of 2019. The focus is on elementary properties of solutions that are independent of the dimension, as well as min-max and other methods for constructing solutions. 1. Notation for hypersurfaces Definition 1.1. Given Σ ⊂ M , we denote by |Σ|:= Hn−1(Σ) the (n − 1)dimensional Hausdorff measure of the set Σ, i.e. |Σ|= Area(Σ), for Σ = Σn−1 a smooth embedded hypersurface. Definition 1.2. Let Σ ⊂ M be an embedded smooth hypersurface. We say that Σ is separating iff M \Σ is the union of two open regions M1 and M2 (not necessarily connected) and such that Σ = ∂M1 = ∂M2. Example 1.3. The union of k disjoint slices (copies of Tn−1) of a torus Tn form a separating hypersurface iff k is even. RP2 ⊂ RP3 is not separating. Indeed, since we are assuming M is orientable, then Σ cannot be separating whenever one of its connected components is non-orientable. Definition 1.4. We say that an embedded minimal hypersurface Σ0 (possibly unorientable) is non-degenerate iff d 2 dt2 Area(Σt)|t=0 6= 0, for all smooth variations Σ0, such that d dtΣt|t=0 is normal to Σt and not identically zero. If in addition, d2 dt2 Area(Σt)|t=0≥ 0 for every variation, we say that Σ is stable (or strictly stable if the inequality is strict). Remark. Let Σ be an orientable minimal hypersurface and ∂ a continuous choice of a normal vector. If d dtΣt|t=0= f∂, for f ∈ C ∞(Σ), then d 2 dt2 Area(Σt)|t=0= − ∫ M fJ(f), where J = ∆Σ + |A0| 2+ RicM (∂, ∂) is the Jacobi operator of Σ and A0 is the second fundamental form of Σ (see [4]). In this case, we denote by Ind(Σ) the number of negative eigenvalues of −J (counted with multiplicity). 2. The Allen-Cahn equation Let Ω ⊂ Mn be a region with smooth boundary, of an n-dimensional Riemannian manifold). Given ε > 0, we refer to the semilinear elliptic equation
Fog Computing Resource Optimization: A Review on Current Scenarios and Resource Management

The unpredictable and huge data generation nowadays by smart computing devices like (Sensors, Actuators, Wi-Fi routers), to handle and maintain their computational processing power in real time environment by centralized cloud platform is difficult because of its limitations, issues and challenges, to overcome these, Cisco introduced the Fog computing paradigm as an alternative for cloud-based computing. This recent IT trend is taking the computing experience to the next level. It is an extended and advantageous extension of the centralized cloud computing technology. In this article, we tried to highlight the various issues that currently cloud computing is facing. Here in this research article, we present a comprehensive review of fog computing, differentiating it from cloud computing, also present various use-cases of fog computing in different domains, we came to conclude that Fog computing leads in an efficient energy resource management, leveraging the energy both in terms of consumption and cost scenarios. Further, we highlighted its key features, challenges and issues, resource optimization methods.
DECOMPRESSION AND HEATING INDUCED AMPHIBOLE BREAKDOWN IN EFFUSIVE VOLCANISM ON DOMINICA,

Amphibole stability is generally dictated by the water content of a melt, which can be changed by heating or decompression. As these processes occur and water content decreases, amphibole becomes unstable and begins to break down (Fig. 1). This breakdown occurs as an open system reaction with the surrounding melt, creating new minerals in the place of amphibole (Fig. 1; Buckley et al., 2006; Plechov et al., 2008). The result is a reaction rim usually composed of plagioclase, orthopyroxene (opx), clinopyroxene (cpx), and Fe-Ti oxides (Rutherford and Hill, 1993; Rutherford and Devine, 2003; Browne and Gardner, 2006; De Angelis et al., 2013; De Angelis et al., 2015). Many authors (Rutherford and Hill, 1993; Browne and Gardner, 2006; Plechov et al., 2008; De Angelis et al., 2013) have investigated both natural and experimentally created breakdown rim textures, but little consensus has been made about the types of textures that can be created and by what process. Decompression induced rims occur as magma rises slowly enough for amphibole to spend adequate time in pressures where it is unstable and can react with the melt. In decompression induced rims, the ascent rate of the magma determines the thickness of the rims (Rutherford and Hill, 1993; Rutherford and Devine, 2003; Plechov et al., 2008). A slower ascent pushes amphibole outside of its stability field for a longer time, allowing breakdown to occur, whereas a fast ascent moves the crystal to the surface quickly, minimizing time for reactions and creating a thin rim or no rim at all (Rutherford and Hill, 1993). Additionally, magma stalling at depth can create zoned rims, with multiple populations of grain sizes (Browne and Gardner, 2006). The relationship between ascent rate and rim thickness has been shown numerous times experimentally, and decompression experiments have allowed calibration curves for rates of ascent to be established for specific melt compositions (Rutherford and Hill, 1993; Plechov et. al, 2008). Ascent rates are generally on the order of days to weeks (Rutherford and Hill, 1993; Plechov et. al, 2008).
Late Pleistocene to Holocene marine transgression and thermohaline control on sediment transport in the western Magellanes fjord system of Chile ( 53 1 S )

In the Western Strait of Magellan in southernmost Chile marine transgression occurred between 14,500 and 13,500 cal. BP. This is indicated by strongly increased accumulation of biogenic carbonate and first appearance of foraminifers in sediment records. From that time until 11,500 cal. BP, sedimentation in the western fjords became predominant autochthonous, due to higher salinity and clay flocculation, and Late Glacial glacier retreat. Present day thermohaline zonation pattern, extensively representative for the Holocene, and sedimentation rates indicate that westerlies hampered westward outflow of superficial (0–30m water depth) glacial clay-rich freshwater from glaciated areas. During the Holocene, isostatic uplift of the Andes overcompensated sea level rise. In areas with high Glacial glacier loading this led to shallowing fjord sills and restricted exchange with marine water, especially since high freshwater inflow produced strong pycnoclines and preserved old saline water in fjord bottoms. To the east of the climate divide the Seno Skyring fjord system shows a year-round stable stratification, despite a strong wind-induced eastward superficial current in the upper 30–50m of the water column. Such currents enabled significant Late Glacial eastward transport of glacial clay. Sediment cores from this area indicate that east-ward sediment flux slowed down during the Holocene, probably due to less intense westerlies. Investigated present day thermohaline characteristics of the fjord system across the superhumid climate divide of the Southern Andes indicate details of the exchange between marine and freshwater which are fundamental for evaluation of sediment transport pathways, biogenic productivity and interpretation of paleoclimate records in this area. r 2006 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
Cybersecurity in physically entangled networks

As we network and connect technology and infrastructure to an already complex system, we create tremendous new value but also potentially leave the system more vulnerable to cyber attacks. One such example of a complex system is the power grid, which unarguably is one of the most critical systems for a functioning modern day society. However, with many small-scale cyber attacks which remain unnoticed and the highly publicised large scale cyber attacks such as the Estonian cyber attack in 2007 and the Ukraine Blackout in 2015 indicates that such complex systems are far from fully secure. This paper explores the various modelling techniques to model complex systems of systems such as the smart grid. Additionally, this paper builds a simulation by pipelining two relatively new concepts in computing, namely Agent Based Modelling and Blockchain technology with a user interface which allows for dynamic structuring of the network. The agent interactions interface via blockchain based smart contracts. Furthermore, the simulation introduces a simple threat model into the modelled system secured by blockchain technology to study the behaviour of the various heterogeneous stakeholders in the system and the overall global behaviour of the system through various case studies in order of increasing network complexity. Finally, remarks on efficiency and security of blockchain technology and the limitations of agent based models are concluded.
META-MODELING CONSTRUCTS FOR REQUIREMENTS REUSE (RR): SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS PATTERNS, VARIABILITY AND TRACEABILITY

Reuse is a fundamental activity, which increases quality and productivity of software products. Reuse of software artifacts, such as requirements, architectures, and codes can be employed at any developmental stage of software. However, reuse at a higher level of abstraction, for instance at requirements level, provides greater benefits in software development than when applied at lower level of abstraction for example at coding level. To achieve full benefits of reuse, a systematic approach and appropriate strategy need to be followed. Although several reuse approaches are reported in the literature, these approaches lack a key strategy to synergize some essential drivers of reuse, which include reusable structure, variability management (VM) and traceability of software artifacts. In line with this, we make our contribution in this paper by (1) presenting the concepts and importance of software requirements patterns (SRP) for reusable structure; (2) proposing a strategy, which combines three sub-disciplines of Software Engineering (SE) such as Requirements Engineering (RE), Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE) and Model-driven Engineering (MDE); (3) proposing a meta-modeling constructs, which include SRP, VM and traceability and; (4) Relationship amongst the three sub-disciplines of the SE. This is a novel approach and we believe it can support and guide researchers and practitioners in SE community to have greater benefits of reuse during software developments.