Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Geospatial Analysis for Land Use and Land Cover

From the last decades, the data with high dimensional geospatial visualization is more important. To analyse the urban growth patterns and characteristic of spatial changes that take place in area of metropolitan. Where urbanization has been a universal important, social and economic occurrence taking place all around the world. This process with no sign of slowing down could be most powerful and visible anthropogenic force that brought more fundamental changes in land cover and landscape pattern around the globe. Building detection from satellite multispectral or hyper spectral imagery data is being a fundamental but a challenging problem because it requires correct recovery of building footprints from high resolution images. But for analyse it, the methodologies use of machine learning is not convincing and thus it takes more time to switch the sub domain of machine learning called deep learning. The convergence of deep learning with geospatial data analytics shall prove to be a boon to those who actually has a need to predict specific outputs over geospatial data.
Factors affecting the outcome of the usage of high-flow nasal cannula on severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients: a multicentric study from a developing nation

In resource-constrained settings, High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) can reduce the burden on mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 induced Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure (AHRF). The aim was to observe the factors those might affect the outcome of the usage of HFNC on severe/critically ill COVID-19 patients. This is a multicentric prospective observational study. We observed rRT-PCR positive severe/critically ill ICU patients requiring HFNC for more than six hours. Statistical analysis was done to correlate between factors and outcome. Weaning from HFNC was successful in 47.5% of patients. The death rate was higher in ≥ 50 years older (56.50%), and patients with asthma (60.57%), COPD (60.00%), and CKD (68.42%). Fever (91.67%), cough (72.5%), and dyspnea (67.5%) were the most common symptoms. Mortality rates were higher for patients with raised blood sugar, creatinine levels. Severely systemic inflammatory response was seen very high for the expired patients. On HFNC, percent saturation of oxygen (SpO2) and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) progression was significantly high for the surviving patients requiring less inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO2%). The survival rate was higher for the patients using both HFNC and non-rebreather mask (NRM) concomitantly. While after HFNC- SpO2% and FiO2% were significantly related with outcome of the HFNC only treated patients, duration of hospital stay and on HFNC- FiO2% affected the HFNC + NRM treated patients’ outcome. HFNC could save more lives of critically ill AHRF patients who otherwise might need invasive or noninvasive ventilation. Some biochemical tests were observed to have association with the prognosis of the disease though HFNC was given to all. Survival benefit of dual HFNC and NRM therapy needs future study. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2021, 7 (3), 260-272
Emotions and Self-efficacy as Mediators of Pre-Service Teachers' Adoption of Digital Tools

The present research examines whether the pre-service teachers’ preparation in using digital tools in their teaching develops their acceptance of these tools for teachings. The research also examines the mediation of self-efficacy, anxiety of using digital tools for teaching mathematics and science and enjoyment of this use between the constructs of acceptance of digital tools for teaching. We used the TAM questionnaire in addition to scales that measure enjoyment, self-efficacy and anxiety. Forty-eight mathematics and science pre-service teachers participated in the study. We analyzed the collected data using SPSS 21. The research results indicate that the pre-service teachers’ preparation resulted in significant differences in their scores of affective and usage constructs associated with their acceptance of digital tools for mathematics and science teaching, except in the scores of anxiety. Self-efficacy proved to be a partial mediator between attitude and intention-to-use. Enjoyment proved to be a partial mediator between ease-of-use and attitude, but not between usefulness and attitude. Moreover, enjoyment proved to be a partial mediator between attitude and intention-to-use. These findings contribute to the understanding of mediators that affect the acceptance of digital tools for teaching. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01301 Full Text: PDF
Genetic studies of nephrotic syndrome in Egyptian children.

INTRODUCTION Nephrotic syndrome (NS) might be caused by a kidney disorder or it can be a secondary disease. Untreated or resistant to treatment, NS stimulates glomerular damage that reduces the kidney function. This reduction leads to the end stage of renal failure. Therefore, it is very important to diagnose NS early, with the aim of inhibiting or lessening its associated morbidity and mortality. METHODS Gene polymorphism analysis for the three genes eNOS 27 bp VNTR, GSTP1 and IL-10(1082 G/A) were checked in 98 children with NS and 101 control subjects. RESULTS eNOS 27 bp VNTR genotypes and alleles are significantly different in the group of 98 children with NS compared to the 101 control subjects. The frequencies of ab and bb genotypes are significantly lower in patients than in the control group (ab: 17.2% vs. 22.8%; OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.06-0.58; p = 0.0026 & bb: 54.7% vs. 70.3%; OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.07-0.5; p = 0.0004). However, neither GSTP1 nor IL-10(1082 G/A) genotypes showed any significant difference in both groups. CONCLUSIONS eNOS 27 bp VNTR gene might be considered as an independent risk factor in the early prediction of nephrotic syndrome incidence, which may help prevent/reduce the occurrence of other complications associated with the late diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
The impact of titanium oxide nanoparticles and low direct electric current on biofilm dispersal of $Bacillus~cereus$ and $Pseudomonas~aeruginosa$: A comparative study

Bacteria growing in biofilms cause a wide range of environmental, industrial and public health risks. Because biofilm bacteria are very resistant to antibiotics, there is an urgent need in medicine and industry to develop new approaches to eliminating bacterial biofilms. One strategy for controlling these biofilms is to generate an antibiofilm substance locally at the attachment surface. Direct electric current (DC) and nanoparticles (NPs) of metal oxides have outstanding antimicrobial properties. In this study we evaluated the effect of titanium oxide nanoparticle (TiO$_2$-NP) concentrations from 5 to 160 $\mu$g/mL on Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, and compared this with the effect of a 9 V, 6 mA DC electric field for 5, 10 and 15 min. TiO$_2$-NPs were characterized using transmission and scanning electron microscopes, X-ray diffraction and FTIR. They exhibited an average size of 22-34 nm. The TiO$_2$-NP concentrations that attained LD50 were $104 \pm 4$ $\mu$g/mL and $63 \pm 3$ $\mu$g/mL for B. cereus and P. aeruginosa, respectively. The eradication percentages obtained by DC at 5, 10, and 15 min exposure were 21%, 29%, and 33% respectively for B. cereus and 30%, 39%, and 44% respectively for P. aeruginosa. Biofilm disintegration was verified by exopolysaccharide, protein content and cell surface hydrophobicity assessment, as well as scanning electron microscopy. These data were correlated with the reactive oxygen species produced. The results indicated that both DC and TiO$_2$-NPs have a lethal effect on these bacterial biofilms, and that the DC conditions used affect the biofilms in a similar way to TiO$_2$-NPs at concentrations of 20-40 $\mu$g/mL.
The Influence of Electronic Word of Mouth, Trust and Product Quality On Purchase Decision of Fashion Product Through Online Shop

The purpose of this research to analyze the effect of electronic word of mouth, trust and product quality on purchasing decisions fashion products towards online shop at the House of Sabrina. This study design using quantitative methods the hypotheses by using SPSS version 20.0 with multiple linear regression analysis. The population this study were consumers of House of Sabrina. The sampling technique used was random sampling with the total 131 respondents who had purchased products by online. The results of this study show that electronic word of mouth variables, trust and product quality have an effect on simultaneously and significantly on purchasing decisions. Partially electronic word of mouth variables, trust and product quality have a significant effect on purchasing decisions. The Determination Coefficient value is 57.7% while the rest is influenced by other variables.
First-principles calculation of solution enthalpy of key gaseous impurities in liquid sodium: Correction methods

A sodium fast reactor (SFR) is a Gen-IV advanced reactor that adopts liquid sodium as a coolant. To ensure the comprehensive safety of the SFR, transport properties of impurities in liquid sodium must be carefully studied. Experience and knowledge, however, have not been sufficiently accumulated for liquid sodium, compared to water that has been widely used as the coolant in existing reactors. This can be partly attributed to difficulties in performing experiments with liquid sodium, such as purity control of sodium and high chemical reactivity of sodium with water and air. Quantum mechanical (QM) calculations can be a useful alternative to experiments in studying liquid sodium. In our ongoing research, we aim to establish a calculation method for solution enthalpy, one of the fundamental transport properties, of impurities in liquid sodium by using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). As a verification stage, we have been calculating the solution enthalpy of relatively simple but important gaseous impurities, namely O2, H2, and I2, in liquid Na [1], and comparing the results with experimental data. Meanwhile, it is known that the DFT often fails to reproduce accurately the formation enthalpy of insulating solid compounds because of incomplete error cancellation between the total energy of the compound and the total energies of its elemental constituents [2-3]. This is the case when the constituents are physically and chemically very different, such as metals (e.g. Na) and molecules (e.g. O2, H2, I2). Because the total energy of impurityincluding Na is subtracted from the sum of the total energies of pure Na and an impurity molecule to obtain solution enthalpy, the DFT-calculated solution enthalpies of O2, H2, and I2 in liquid Na are likely to have errors. In this study, as a follow-up to the previous study [1], we consider several possible correction methods for the solution enthalpy calculation. Specifically, methods using (i) the experimental binding energy of an impurity molecule, (ii) the experimental formation enthalpy of an impurity-Na compound, (iii) the concept of fitted elemental-phase reference energies [2], and (iv) the concept of coordination corrected enthalpies [3] are introduced and discussed.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED SIW BANDPASS FILTER DESIGN USING COMPLEMENTARY SPLIT RING RESONATORS

A novel Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based two Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filters comprising Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRRs) are proposed in this paper. These CSRRs are modelled on the upper layer of the SIW cavity. A feed forward multilayer perceptron (FF-MLP) neural network is used to optimize the physical dimensions of the proposed filters. To validate the analytical results, physical prototypes of the proposed filters are fabricated, and a measurement is carried out with a Combinational Network Analyzer (Anritsu-MS2037C), and the obtained experimental results agree well with the estimated results using full wave analysis. Within the passband from 8.22 to 8.95GHz, S12 of the first filter shows better than −0.5 dB insertion loss (IL) and a fractional bandwidth of 8.5%, and within the passband from 8.21 to 8.73GHz, the second filter shows IL about −0.8 dB and a fractional bandwidth of 6.1%.
Conservation of a socio-ecological system : Indigenous hunting communities and bearded pigs in Malaysian Borneo

Biophysical and socio-cultural factors have jointly shaped the distribution of global biodiversity, yet relatively few case studies have quantitatively assessed the relative influence of each of these types of influences for a given system or species. The extent to which socio-cultural factors (e.g., value systems, recreation, natural resource use) shape wildlife distributions holds important implications for ecological theory as well as for wildlife management. Drawing on a dataset of 321 total camera traps across 17 field sites in Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, we fit three single-year, single-species occupancy models, incorporating three socio-cultural covariates and six environmental covariates, to identify the factors most strongly correlated with the occupancy of the bearded pig, a cultural keystone species currently undergoing local extinctions in Sabah, Malaysia due to African Swine Fever (hereafter, ASF). Top models for each of the three years included socio-cultural covariates, and the top models for two of the three years included a mix of socio-cultural and environmental covariates. Predicted average probability of occupancy (psi±SE) for bearded pigs across study sites was 0.85±0.05 in 2010, 0.66±0.10 in 2012, and 0.71±0.08 in 2014. Taken together, these results suggest that contextspecific management of bearded pig populations, considering regional racial-ethnic composition, hunting accessibility, and environmental characteristics, is required in Malaysian Borneo. Our results also provide an important baseline of predicted bearded pig site-use from data collected before the outbreak of African Swine Fever, which spread quickly throughout much of Sabah in 2021 and has caused local bearded pig extinctions in some areas. More broadly, our results provide quantitative evidence highlighting the importance of multiple dimensions of socio-ecological systems for understanding factors that influence wildlife distributions.
Human Carboxylesterase 2 in Cocaine Metabolism

Increased hydrolysis of cocaine to non-toxic compounds is a promising way to prevent cocaine-induced toxicity. However, the short half-life of cocaine in the blood and the rapid conversion in the body to the hydrolysis-resistant metabolite benzoylecgonine, limits the therapeutic potential of serum proteins. Therefore, hydrolysis by tissue-specific hydrolases that do not generate benzoylecgonine deserves further investigation. Here, we report for the first time, the mechanism of cocaine hydrolysis by the human Carboxylesterase 2. We have combined conventional and accelerated Molecular Dynamics, which allowed us to identify the structural motions of the α1 and α10’ helices that act as a putative lid. Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics calculations on the full cycle showed that the rate-limiting step is the formation of benzoic acid (deacylation step) with an ΔG of 18.3 kcal.mol-1 (a value in close conformity with the experimental value of 19.7 kcal.mol-1).
Matrix Product States for Inference in Discrete Probabilistic Models

When faced with problems involving inference in discrete domains, solutions often involve appeals to conditional independence structure or mean-ﬁeld approximations. We argue that this is insuﬃcient for a number of interesting Bayesian problems, including mixture assignment posteriors and probabilistic relational models (e.g. the stochastic block model). These posteriors exhibit no conditional independence structure, precluding the use of graphical model methods, yet exhibit dependency between every single element of the posterior, making mean-ﬁeld methods a poor ﬁt. We propose using an expressive yet tractable approximation inspired by tensor factorization methods, alternately known as the tensor train or the matrix product state, and which can be construed of as a direct extension of the mean-ﬁeld approximation to higher-order dependencies. We give a comprehensive introduction to the application of matrix product state in probabilistic inference, and illustrate how to eﬃciently perform marginalization, conditioning, sampling, normalization, some expectations, and approximate variational inference in our proposed model.
Biochemical Properties of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Lipase

Ubiquitous in nature, lipases represent an example of enzymes with high versatility. Plant seeds are potential sources of lipase, and they are attracting more attention for specific purposes. In this study, coconut lipase was isolated from germinating coconut seed. Biochemical characterization of coconut lipase was undertaken to reveal its substrate specificity and its subunits properties. By using various chromogenic ester of fatty acids, it was demonstrated that lauric acid is the most preferred substrate for coconut lipase esterase reaction. Calcium ions enhance its activity, whereas other metal ions such as magnesium, nickel, sodium, and potassium reduce it. Electrophoresis under native conditions showed that coconut lipase is a single protein. Since electrophoresis under denaturing conditions revealed four subunits, coconut lipase is likely a complex enzyme. It was further revealed that all subunits are active, as evident in an in-gel hydrolysis assay. However, they also hint that they do not have an equal catalytic rate against the 16-carbon-length palmitate derivative. This finding, thus, opens up a notion that those subunits have different substrates specificity yet to be determined.
Attentional bias during public speaking anxiety revealed using event-related potentials

Analysis of brain signals and their properties provides valuable information regarding the underlying neural deficiencies and enables the diagnosis of attention bias related to public speaking anxiety (PSA). Although 25% people around the world suffer from PSA, currently, there exists a lack of standard assessment in diagnosing the severity of attention bias in individuals with PSA. This study aims to distinguish behavioral and neural abnormalities related to attentional bias during PSA by comparing reaction time (RT) and event-related potential (ERP) correlates of high (H) PSA and low (L) PSA individuals. 12 individuals suffering from HPSA and 12 individuals with LPSA participated in the modified emotional Stroop experiment. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded with the low cost, 14-channel Emotiv Epoc+. RT showed slower responses, linked to attentional deficits in HPSA individuals. ERP results revealed the P200 emotional Stroop biomarker, found to be linked to attentional bias in HPSA, but not in LPSA individuals. These results revealed significant RT and P200 ERP abnormalities related to attentional bias in HPSA individuals using the low-cost Emotiv Epoc+.
Dynamics of a Reaction Diffusion Brucellosis Model

To understand the effects of animal movement on transmission and control of brucellosis infection, a reaction diffusion partial differential equation (PDE) brucellosis model that incorporates wild and domesticated animals under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions is proposed and analysed. We computed the reproductive number for the brucellosis model in the absence of spatial movement and we established that, the associated model has a globally asymptotically stable disease-free equilibrium whenever the reproductive number is less or equal to unity. However, if the reproductive number is greater than unity an endemic equilibrium point which is globally asymptotically stable exists. We performed sensitivity analysis on the key parameters that drive the disease dynamics in order to determine their relative importance to disease transmission and prevalence. For the model with spatial movement the disease threshold is studied by using the basic reproductive number. Additionally we investigate the existence of a Turing stability and travelling waves. Our results shows that incorporating diffusive spatial spread does not produce a Turing instability when the reproductive number R 0 associated with the ODE model is less than unity. Finally the results suggest that minimizing interaction between buffalo and cattle population can be essential to manage brucellosis spillover between domesticated and wildlife animals. Numerical simulations are carried out to support analytical findings. *Corresponding author: E-mail: parideoresto@yahoo.com; Lolika and Mushayabasa; JAMCS, 36(8): 52-69, 2021; Article no.JAMCS. 73830
Systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the knowledge and use of the female condom among Nigerians

Background The female condom (FC) is a critical component in a comprehensive and sustainable approach to prevent HIV, other sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies. Objectives This review provides comprehensive information about Nigerian's knowledge and use of FC. Methods We screened search output, evaluated study eligibility, and extracted data in duplicate. Data from similar studies were combined in a meta-analysis. Results There was a significantly (p < 0.0001) high-level of awareness amongst the respondents. However, the use of the FC was very low at 5.5% among female respondents. There was a significant (p < 0.0001) difference between FC awareness and use. The main reasons for FC use were prevention of unintended pregnancy (55%) and STIs/HIV (31%). We observed a significant difference between reasons of non-use of the FC [F (5, 13) = 5.195, P = 0.0077]. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the sources of information on FC [F (3, 8) = 32.89, P < 0.0001]. Conclusion Despite the high levels of awareness, especially among the female respondents, the use of the FC has remained extremely low even among the young, educated undergraduate students. There is aneed for robust and consistent advocacy to make the FC available and affordable.
Boundary-sampled halfspaces

We present a novel representation of solid models for shape design. Like Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG), the solid shape is constructed from a set of halfspaces without the need for an explicit boundary structure. Instead of using Boolean expressions as in CSG, the shape is defined by sparsely placed samples on the boundary of each halfspace. This representation, called Boundary-Sampled Halfspaces (BSH), affords greater agility and expressiveness than CSG while simplifying the reverse engineering process. We discuss theoretical properties of the representation and present practical algorithms for boundary extraction and conversion from other representations. Our algorithms are demonstrated on both 2D and 3D examples.
The Role of Financial Indicators in Rationalizing of Investors' Decisions in the Jordanian Stock Exchange Market

The annual financial reports provided by the accounting system, is considered the main source for information for decision-makers especially the investors. Therefore, the validity and accuracy of the decisions depend on the proper analysis of financial statements. This study aims to identify the role of financial indicators in the rationalization of investors' decisions in the Jordanian stock exchange market. Despite, the fact that there are other factors affecting investment decisions, such as, economic, political and the reputation of the commercial bank, but still the financial analysis factors constitute the main tool in attracting investment. This study focuses on the efficiency of financial indicators to influence the decisions of investors. For achieving this purpose, number of 150 questionnaires has been designed, circulated by hand to a selected sample of investors trading at Amman Stock Exchange market. Resolution data were analyzed using the statistical program Smart PLS,(Partial Least Square). Finally, the study concluded that, the use of financial indicators has a significant positive effect on decision of investment taken by investors.