Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 325 GHz Quadrature Voltage Controlled Oscillator With Superharmonic-Coupling

We present a 325 GHz quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (QVCO) using 0.25 μm InP HBT technology and superharmonic coupling of two differential Colpitts VCOs. The individual VCOs exhibit about -5-dBm single-ended output power and 10 GHz frequency tuning range. The quadrature oscillation is successfully demonstrated with dc power consumption of 92.4 mW and phase imbalance less than ±12° at around 325 GHz.
Uncertainty in Health Care Environments: Myth or Reality?

Abstract: Health care leaders and analysts typically describe the health care environment as dynamic, complex, and highly uncertain. This study conceptualizes environmental uncertainty as an individual perception that blends subjective and objective realities derived from the complexity and dynamism of the organizational task environment. Exploratory judgments of the complexity and dynamism of the environment of health care organizations are included.
"Candidatus comitans," a bacterium living in coculture with Chondromyces crocatus (myxobacteria).

We describe the phylogenetic position and some taxonomically relevant characteristics of a small pleomorphic gram-negative bacterium that was cocultured with some strains of the myxobacterium Chondromyces crocatus that were isolated from the same geographic and ecological habitat. A 16S ribosomal DNA analysis revealed that the companion was a member of the "Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides" complex and was most closely related to members of the genus Sphingobacterium. The results of a fatty acid analysis, an isoprenoid composition analysis, and a DNA G+C content analysis and the presence of sphingolipids confirmed that this bacterium is affiliated with the genus Sphingobacterium. As the companion bacterium survived for only a few generations on solid media and could not be maintained in pure culture, we assign to this novel taxon that lives in close association with the myxobacterium C. crocatus Candidatus status as "Candidatus comitans. "
An orthopedic approach to the treatment of Class III malocclusion in young patients.

Most orthodontists are familiar with the difficulties associated with the treatment of Class III malocclusion, particularly when this condition is identified in patients in the late deciduous or early mixed dentition period. Such patients frequently present with maxillary skeletal retrusion, mandibular skeletal protrusion, or some combination of the two conditions. These patients also often exhibit maxillary constriction that is manifested as an anterior and/or posterior crossbite. Petit describes such patients as having a "prognathic syndrome" in which the underlying skeletal elements may be out of balance in all three planes of space.
Management of Venous Thromboembolism and the Potential to Impact Overall Survival in Patients with Cancer

The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer is 6–12‐fold higher than in the general population, and VTE is the second leading cause of death in this population, after cancer itself. The etiology underlying the increased risk of VTE is multifactorial and complex, involving patient‐, tumor‐, and treatment‐related factors. In patients with cancer, cumulative results from studies in those with VTE versus without VTE suggest that anticoagulation therapy, particularly with low‐molecular‐weight heparins, prevents morbidity and may reduce mortality. Despite the availability of effective and safe therapeutic options, VTE is often underrecognized and suboptimally managed. Interventions such as assessing individual patient risk of VTE, providing VTE prophylaxis and/or prompt treatment, and adopting VTE guidelines are essential aspects of cancer‐related care. Aggressive VTE management and strategies are critical to improving survival in patients with cancer and VTE.
The Requirement for Cellular Transportin 3 (TNPO3 or TRN-SR2) during Infection Maps to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Capsid and Not Integrase

ABSTRACT Recent genome-wide screens have highlighted an important role for transportin 3 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and preintegration complex (PIC) nuclear import. Moreover, HIV-1 integrase interacted with recombinant transportin 3 protein under conditions whereby Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) integrase failed to do so, suggesting that integrase-transportin 3 interactions might underscore active retroviral PIC nuclear import. Here we correlate infectivity defects in transportin 3 knockdown cells with in vitro protein binding affinities for an expanded set of retroviruses that include simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) to critically address the role of integrase-transportin 3 interactions in viral infection. Lentiviruses, with the exception of FIV, display a requirement for transportin 3 in comparison to MLV and RSV, yielding an infection-based dependency ranking of SIV > HIV-1 > BIV and EIAV > MLV, RSV, and FIV. In vitro pulldown and surface plasmon resonance assays, in contrast, define a notably different integrase-transportin 3 binding hierarchy: FIV, HIV-1, and BIV > SIV and MLV > EIAV. Our results therefore fail to support a critical role for integrase binding in dictating transportin 3 dependency during retrovirus infection. In addition to integrase, capsid has been highlighted as a retroviral nuclear import determinant. Accordingly, MLV/HIV-1 chimera viruses pinpoint the genetic determinant of sensitization to transportin 3 knockdown to the HIV-1 capsid protein. We therefore conclude that capsid, not integrase, is the dominant viral factor that dictates transportin 3 dependency during HIV-1 infection.
An ancient mechanism of hindbrain patterning has been conserved in vertebrate evolution

SUMMARY The hindbrain is a vertebrate‐specific embryonic structure of the central nervous system formed by iterative transitory units called rhombomeres (r). Rhombomeric cells are segregated by interhombomeric boundaries which are prefigured by sharp gene expression borders. The positioning of the first molecular boundary within the hindbrain (the prospective r4/r5 boundary) responds to the expression of an Iroquois (Irx) gene in the anterior (r4) and the gene vHnf1 at the posterior (r5). However, while Irx3 is expressed anteriorly in amniotes, a novel Irx gene, iro7, acts in teleosts. To assess the evolutionary history of the genes responsible for the positioning of the r4/r5 boundary in vertebrates, we have stepped outside the gnathostomes to investigate these genes in the agnathans Lethenteron japonicum and Petromyzon marinus. We identified one representative of the Hnf1 family in agnathans. Its expression pattern recapitulates that of vHnf1 and Hnf1 in higher vertebrates. Our phylogenetic analysis places this gene basal to gnathostome Hnf1 and vHnf1 genes. We propose that the duplication of an ancestral hnf1 gene present in the common ancestor of agnathans and gnathostomes gave rise to the two genes found in gnathostomes. We have also amplified 3 Irx genes in L. japonicum: LjIrxA, LjIrxC, LjIrxD. The expression pattern of LjIrxA (the agnathan Irx1/3 ortholog) resembles those of Irx3 or iro7 in gnathostomes. We propose that an Irx/hnf1 pair already present in early vertebrates positioned the r4/r5 boundary and that gene duplications occurred in these gene families after the divergence of the agnathans.
An over-the-counter central sensitization therapy: a chronic back pain registry study of pain relief, medication use and their adverse effects.

AIM Back pain, the most prevalent musculoskeletal chronic pain condition, is usually treated with analgesic medications of questionable efficacy and frequent occurrence of adverse side effects. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the effectiveness of the ActiPatch medical devices in reducing chronic back pain, document medication related adverse side effects and establish their impact on quality of life. METHODS Upon completing a 7-day trial, subjects were contacted via email with an assessment form using the Constant Contact email program. A total of 1394 responses were collected from subjects who used the device for back pain. CONCLUSION Medication adverse effects are common and impact quality of life in the lay population. ActiPatch is an effective intervention for the majority of subjects for treating chronic back pain, although this requires further investigation in randomized clinical trials.
The one-bead two-compound assay for solid phase screening of combinatorial libraries.

Fluorescent quenched substrate libraries are a very powerful tool for investigation of protease activity and specificity. Particularly, libraries where the fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair is 3-nitrotyrosine and 2-amino-benzamide are easy to prepare by split and combine synthesis to yield a one-bead one-compound library format. The solid support is critical for the successful hydrolysis of the resin-bound substrates. For this purpose, a range of highly porous poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based resins have been developed. Active substrates yield highly fluorescent beads and these are selected under a fluorescence microscope or isolated on a bead sorter. Edman sequence analysis yields the substrate sequence, the cleavage point, and the degree of conversion. The method gives a complete map of the substrate specificity, and substrates with high affinity for the active site can be selected. These may in turn be used as inhibition indicators in a second solid phase library assay for enzyme inhibition where each single bead is transformed into an assay container. The substrate is attached to temporarily shielded functional groups after completion of inhibitor library synthesis. By using a photolabile linker and ladder synthesis, the active inhibitors may be rapidly identified by mass spectrometry. In each bead, the putative inhibitor competes with the substrate attached for binding to the enzyme, and when the inhibitor binds strongly, the substrate remains intact and quenched. Thus dark beads indicate inhibitors, and these may be isolated using a bead-sorter and the structure determined by mass spectrometry. A selection of the best substrates and inhibitors should always be resynthesized for solution kinetics and confirmation of the results obtained on solid support. The inhibitor assay is almost free from false positives, which is a consequence of combining the binding of the protease to the inhibitor with observation of activity toward a FRET substrate. The K(i) of the identified inhibitors are typically in the nM range.
Mining sequential patterns in the B2B environment

Sequential pattern mining is a powerful data mining technique for finding time-related behaviour in sequence databases. In this paper, we focus on mining sequential patterns in the business-to-business (B2B) environment. Because customers’ sequences in the B2B environment are very long, and almost all items are frequently purchased by all customers, using traditional methods may result in a large number of uninteresting and meaningless patterns and a long computational time. To solve these problems, we introduce three conditions (constraints) — compactness, repetition, and recency — and consider them jointly with frequency in selecting sequential patterns. An efficient algorithm is developed to discover frequent sequential patterns which satisfy the conditions. Empirical results show that the proposed method is computationally efficient and effective in extracting useful sequential patterns in the B2B environment.
State-of-the-Art on Video-Based Face Recognition

Recently,video-based face recognition has become one of the hottest topics in the domain of face recognition.How to fully utilize both spatial and temporal information in video to overcome the difficulties existing in the video-based face recognition,such as low resolution of face images in video,large variations of face scale,radical changes of illumination and pose as well as occasionally occlusion of different parts of faces,is the focus.The paper reviews most existing typical methods for video-based face recognition(especially for the last 5 years)and analyses their respective pros and cons.Two commonly used video face databases and some experimental results are given.The prospects for future development and suggestions for further research works are put forward in the end.
Molecular Properties of Neuronal G-protein-activated Inwardly Rectifying K+ Channels (*)

Four cDNA-encoding G-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels have been cloned recently (Kubo, Y., Reuveny, E., Slesinger, P. A., Jan, Y. N., and Jan, L. Y.(1993) Nature 364, 802-806; Lesage, F. , Duprat, F. , Fink, M. , Guillemare, E. , Coppola, T. , Lazdunski, M. , and Hugnot, J. P. (1994) FEBS Lett. 353, 37-42; Krapivinsky, G. , Gordon, E. A. , Wickman, K. , Velimirovic, B. , Krapivinsky, L. , and Clapham, D. E. (1995) Nature 374, 135-141). We report the cloning of a mouse GIRK2 splice variant, noted mGIRK2A. Both channel proteins are functionally expressed in Xenopus oocytes upon injection of their cRNA, alone or in combination with the GIRK1 cRNA. Three GIRK channels, mGIRK1-3, are shown to be present in the brain. Colocalization in the same neurons of mGIRK1 and mGIRK2 supports the hypothesis that native channels are made by an heteromeric subunit assembly. GIRK3 channels have not been expressed successfully, even in the presence of the other types of subunits. However, GIRK3 chimeras with the amino- and carboxyl-terminal of GIRK2 are functionally expressed in the presence of GIRK1. The expressed mGIRK2 and mGIRK1, −2 currents are blocked by Ba2+ and Cs+ ions. They are not regulated by protein kinase A and protein kinase C. Channel activity runs down in inside-out excised patches, and ATP is required to prevent this rundown. Since the nonhydrolyzable ATP analog AMP-PCP is also active and since addition of kinases A and C as well as alkaline phosphatase does not modify the ATP effect, it is concluded that ATP hydrolysis is not required. An ATP binding process appears to be essential for maintaining a functional state of the neuronal inward rectifier K+ channel. A Na+ binding site on the cytoplasmic face of the membrane acts in synergy with the ATP binding site to stabilize channel activity.
Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Activity of the Essential Oil of Artemisia eriopoda against Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais

In our screening program for new agrochemicals from local wild plants, Artemisia eriopoda was found to possess insecticidal activities against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. The essential oil of the aerial parts of A. eriopoda was obtained by hydrodistillation and investigated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of the essential oil are germacrene D (21.6%) and eucalyptol (14.2%). The essential oil possesses fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais adults with a LC50 value of 11.5 mg/L air and also shows contact toxicity against S. zeamais adults with a LD50 value of 24.8 μg/adult, respectively.
Comparison of simultaneously obtained arterial and capillary blood gases in pediatric intensive care unit patients.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether capillary blood gas measurements provide a clinically acceptable estimate of arterial pH, PCO2, and PO2. DESIGN Prospective convenience sample. SETTING Pediatric intensive care unit at a referral children's hospital. PATIENTS Fifty children > 1 month of age with indwelling arterial catheters. INTERVENTIONS A local anesthetic was applied to the third finger of the hand contralateral to a radial artery catheter. After 90 mins, simultaneous arterial and capillary blood gases were drawn. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Arterial and capillary pH, PcO2, and PO2 were measured. Heart rate and Wong/Baker faces score were noted before and during capillary blood gas collection to assess discomfort associated with blood collection. There was a strong correlation between capillary and arterial pH (r2 = .903, p < .0001). The relative average bias of the capillary pH was 0.009, with capillary lower than arterial and 95% limits of agreement of +/- 0.032. In all patients, the absolute value of the difference between arterial and capillary pH was < or = 0.05. There was a strong correlation between arterial and capillary PCO2 (r2 = .955, p < .0001). The relative average bias of the capillary PCO2 was 1.6 torr (0.21 kPa), with capillary higher than arterial and 95% limits of agreement of +/- 4.5 torr (+/- 0.6 kPa). In two of 50 patients, the absolute value of the difference between arterial and capillary PCO2 was > 6.5 torr (> 0.87 kPa). Despite a statistically significant correlation between capillary and arterial PO2 (r2 = .358, p < .0001), the absolute value of the difference between arterial and capillary PO2 was > 6.5 torr (> 0.87 kPa) in 42 of 50 patients. Pain, endotracheal intubation, vasoactive drips, or pharmacologic paralysis did not affect accuracy of the capillary pH or PCO2. CONCLUSIONS Capillary blood gases accurately reflect arterial pH and PCO2 in most pediatric intensive care unit patients. Capillary samples did not significantly underestimate arterial hypercarbia or acidosis. This conservative reflection of metabolic status may be particularly useful in hemodynamically stable patients with mild-to-moderate lung disease.
Implications of mobile cellular CDMA

The results of four extensive field tests of code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular technology performed between November 1991 and September 1992 are presented. These tests include: validation system field tests conducted in San Diego, California, operating over five cell sites, comprising a total of eight sectors, and involving up to 70 mobile units, plus simulated other user and other base station interference; tests in Munster, Germany, the configuration of which consisted of two cell sites and two mobiles plus 20 simulated other users operating in the 1700-MHz band; tests in Geneva, Switzerland, the same as in Munster, but operated in the 800-900-MHz band, with cells located at GSM base station sites; and a field test conducted in Washington, DC, operating on two-sectored cell sites involving seven mobile units, plus simulated other user and other base station interference. <<ETX>>
Treatment of Experimental Herpesvirus Infections with Phosphonoformate and Some Comparisons with Phosphonoacetate

Phosphonoformate (PF) at a concentration of 5 to 10 μg/ml inhibited the growth of type 1 strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in tissue culture, whereas 20 to 30 μg/ml was required for inhibition of type 2 strains and about 50 μg/ml was required for murine cytomegalovirus. In mice inoculated intraperitoneally or intracerebrally with HSV or intraperitoneally with murine cytomegalovirus, treatment with 250 to 400 mg of PF per kg twice daily for 5 days had only minimal effectiveness. When mice were inoculated intravaginally (i.vg.) with HSV type 2 and treated i.vg. with 10% PF beginning 3 h after viral inoculation, treatment was effective in completely inhibiting viral replication in the genital tract. If i.vg. therapy was initiated 24 h after infection, when the mice had a mean virus titer of 105 plaque-forming units in vaginal secretions, a significant reduction in the mean virus titer was observed on days 3, 5, and 7 after infection as compared with control animals. In guinea pigs treated i.vg. with 10% PF beginning 6 h after i.vg. inoculation with HSV type 2 there was also complete inhibition of viral replication in the genital tract, and no extenal lesions developed. When therapy was initiated 24 h after infection there was a 4 to 5-log decrease in viral titers on days 3, 5, and 7 of the infection and a slight delay in the development of external lesions.
The Use of Color Doppler Ultrasound in the Assessment of Vessels for Facial Transplantation

The facial artery has been proposed as the main vascular pedicle in facial transplantation. An anatomic study of 200 consecutive facial and transverse facial vessels in 100 normal individuals was performed using color Doppler ultrasound. The diameter and course of each facial vessel were measured at 3 fixed landmarks, and the branching pattern was documented up to the level of the nasal ala. The concomitant transverse artery and vein were similarly documented. The main branch of the facial artery was detected at the lower mandibular border in 99.5% (n = 199) of cases. The accompanying facial vein was found in 97.5% (n = 195) of cases, lateral to the artery in all cases. The transverse facial artery was present in 75.5% (n = 151) of cases, with the vein found in 58% (n = 116). When the facial artery was undetectable, there was transverse facial artery dominance. When the facial vein was absent, it was replaced with a transverse facial vein; this venous anomaly was accompanied by normal arterial supply pattern. This study is the first to describe the measurement of transverse facial vessels sonographically and confirms previous cadaveric studies of facial arterial and venous variation. Color Doppler can be used in the preoperative vascular assessment of both donor and recipient in facial transplantation.
Knee joint angle and vasti muscle electromyograms during fatiguing contractions

We compared vasti muscle electromyograms for two knee joint angles during fatiguing tetanic contractions. Tetanic contraction of the knee extensors was evoked for 70 s by electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve at knee joint angles of 60° (extended, with 0° indicating full extension) and 110° (flexed) in eight healthy men. Surface electromyography was recorded from the vastus intermedius (VI), vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles. Knee extension force and M‐wave amplitudes and durations were calculated every 7 s, which were normalized by the initial value. Normalized knee extension force was decreased at the flexed knee joint angle compared with that of the extended knee joint angle (P<0·05). Decreased normalized M‐wave amplitude and increased normalized M‐wave duration of the VI were greater at the flexed knee joint angle than the extended knee joint angle (P<0·05), whereas those for the VL and VM were similar (P>0·05). These results suggest that peripheral fatigue profiles of the VI might be greater at the flexed than the extended knee joint angles, but that of VL and VM might be similar in the tested range of knee joint angles (i.e. 60°–110°) during continuous tetanic contraction induced by electrical stimulation. Therefore, greater reduction of knee extension force at the flexed knee joint angle than the extended knee joint angle may reflect fatigue development of the VI more than other quadriceps femoris components.