Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 21 m Operation Range RFID Tag for “Pick to Light” Applications with a Photovoltaic Harvester

In this paper, a novel Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tag for “pick to light” applications is presented. The proposed tag architecture shows the implementation of a novel voltage limiter and a supply voltage (VDD) monitoring circuit to guarantee a correct operation between the tag and the reader for the “pick to light” application. The feasibility to power the tag with different photovoltaic cells is also analyzed, showing the influence of the illuminance level (lx), type of source light (fluorescent, LED or halogen) and type of photovoltaic cell (photodiode or solar cell) on the amount of harvested energy. Measurements show that the photodiodes present a power per unit package area for low illuminance levels (500 lx) of around 0.08 μW/mm2, which is slightly higher than the measured one for a solar cell of 0.06 μW/mm2. However, solar cells present a more compact design for the same absolute harvested power due to the large number of required photodiodes in parallel. Finally, an RFID tag prototype for “pick to light” applications is implemented, showing an operation range of 3.7 m in fully passive mode. This operation range can be significantly increased to 21 m when the tag is powered by a solar cell with an illuminance level as low as 100 lx and a halogen bulb as source light.
Assessment of the Dietary Intake of High-Rank Professional Male Football Players during a Preseason Training Week

A well-balanced diet is one of the main factors that may play a supportive role in enhancing acute training stimuli in optimal training adaptation. The aim of the present study was to examine the energy and macro- and micronutrient intake including and excluding supplements among top-level Polish football players during one week of the general preparatory period. In addition, the study looked at whether athletes consume carbohydrates in recommended amounts, depending on the completed training sessions. A total of 26 professional football players were included in the study. The preseason dietary intake was assessed using a 7-day estimated food record. The energy value of the diet and the amounts of the dietary ingredients were assessed using the software Dieta 6.0. The average consumption of energy, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, and calcium was lower than recommendations, and average intake of sodium and potassium was higher than the norm in the diets of the athletes. The results of this study do not confirm the justification for adding protein preparations to diets of the studied players. Furthermore, football players dietary carbohydrate intake was relatively low in comparison to requirements based on training loads. Based on our results we conclude that further work is necessary to reinforce education about nutritional habits and adjust nutritional strategies to individual needs to enhance athletic performance.
Effect of Heat Exposure on Activity Degradation of Enzymes in Mango Varieties Sindri, SB Chaunsa, and Tommy Atkins during Drying

Mango has been described as a valuable source of nutrients and enzymes that are beneficial to human health. Drying at different temperatures not only affects the nutritional properties but can also contribute to the degradation of valuable enzymes in dried fruit. The novelty of this paper is to investigate the quality of hot air dried mango in terms of activity retention of the heat-sensitive enzymes (HSE). For this, HSE was first screened in fresh mango flesh of the variety Samar Bahisht (SB) Chaunsa. Later, the combined effect of different drying temperatures (40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, and 80 °C) and air velocities (1.0 ms−1 and 1.4 ms−1) on the activity retention of HSE in dried mango slices of the varieties Sindri, SB Chaunsa, and Tommy Atkins were investigated. The results showed that the drying temperature had a significant impact on the degradation of HSE, while at the same time some influence of the air velocity was also observed. Drying at 40 °C and an air velocity of 1.4 ms−1 retained more HSE compared to those samples dried at higher temperatures. The least retention of HSE was found in samples dried at 80 °C.
Stunting and Anemia in Children from Urban Poor Environments in 28 Low and Middle-income Countries: A Meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Survey Data

Child malnutrition remains a global concern with implications not only for children’s health and cognitive function, but also for countries’ economic growth. Recent reports suggest that global nutrition targets will not be met by 2025. Large gaps are evident between and within countries. One of the largest disparities in child malnutrition within counties is between urban and rural children. Large disparities also exist in urban areas that have higher rates of child malnutrition in the urban poor areas or slums. This paper examines stunting and anemia related to an urban poverty measure in children under age 5 in 28 low and middle-income countries with Demographic and Health Survey data. We used the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) definition to define urban poor areas as a proxy for slums. The results show that in several countries, children had a higher risk of stunting and anemia in urban poor areas compared to children in urban non-poor areas. In some countries, this risk was similar to the risk between the rural and urban non-poor. Tests of heterogeneity showed that these results were not homogeneous across countries. These results help to identify areas of greater disadvantage and the required interventions for stunting and anemia.
Regression-Derived Ileal Endogenous Amino Acid Losses in Broiler Chickens and Cannulated Pigs Fed Corn Fiber, Wheat Bran, and Pectin

Simple Summary For animal agriculture to be environmentally sustainable, nitrogen excretion must be reduced. This means diet must be formulated to closely meet the requirements of the animal. Accounting for basal endogenous amino acid (EAA) losses during diet formulation helps in formulating diets that closely match amino acid requirements. These studies examined the effect of three or two different ingredient types on basal losses of amino acids in broiler chickens or pigs, respectively. Corn fiber resulted in higher ileal EAA losses compared with wheat bran in broiler chickens. With the exception of His, Leu, and Tyr, there was no difference in basal ileal EAA losses between corn fiber and pectin in cannulated growing pigs. These studies show that in addition to fiber effects, dietary nitrogen sources could have a different effect on basal ileal EAA losses. Abstract The objective of these studies was to determine the effect corn fiber (CF), wheat bran (WB) and pectin (PEC) on basal ileal endogenous amino acid (EAA) losses in broiler chickens (Exp. 1) and cannulated pigs (Exp. 2) using the regression method. Semi-purified diets containing 100 g/kg of CF, WB, or PEC (broiler chickens) and CF or PEC (pigs) were fed to replicate cages consisting of eight birds per cage of 21-d-old broiler chickens and six replicates of pigs consisting of one pig per pen. Ileal endogenous His, Glu, and Pro losses were higher (p < 0.05) for CF and WB compared with birds fed diets containing PEC. Contrasts between CF and WB showed higher (p < 0.05) ileal endogenous nitrogen, total amino acid, His, Ile, Met, Glu, Pro, and Tyr losses in birds fed the CF diets (Exp. 1). Contrasts of EAA losses between birds fed the WB and PEC diets showed higher (p < 0.05) losses for His, Glu, and Pro. In the cannulated pigs, CF resulted in higher (p < 0.05) ileal endogenous His, Leu, and Tyr losses. In summary, CF induced higher ileal EAA losses in broiler chickens and cannulated pigs.
Oxidative Stress in Endurance Cycling Is Reduced Dose-Dependently after One Month of Re-Esterified DHA Supplementation

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation can reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress generated during long aerobic exercise, with the minimum dose yet to be elucidated for physically active subjects. In this study, we performed a dose finding with re-esterified DHA in triglyceride form in a randomized double-blind parallel trial at different doses (350, 1050, 1750, and 2450 mg a day) for 4 weeks in males engaged in regular cycling (n = 100, 7.6 ± 3.7 h/week). The endogenous antioxidant capacity of DHA was quantified as a reduction in the levels of the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) recollected in 24-h urine samples after 90 min of constant load cycling before and after intervention. To ascertain incorporation of DHA, erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition was compared along groups. We found a dose-dependent antioxidant capacity of DHA from 1050 mg with a trend to neutralization for the highest dose of 2450 mg (placebo: n = 13, F = 0.041; 350 mg: n = 10, F = 0.268; 1050 mg: n = 11, F = 7.112; 1750 mg: n = 12, F = 9.681; 2450 mg: n = 10, F = 15.230). In the erythrocyte membrane, the re-esterified DHA increased DHA and omega-3 percentage and decreased omega 6 and the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, while Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and PUFA remained unchanged. Supplementation of re-esterified DHA exerts a dose-dependent endogenous antioxidant property against moderate-intensity long-duration aerobic exercise in physically active subjects when provided at least 1050 mg a day for 4 weeks.
Idenitfying New-Onset Conditions And Pre-Exisiting Conditions Using Lookback Periods In Australian Health Administrative Datasets.

BACKGROUND The condition onset flag (COF) variable was introduced into hospitalisation coding practice in 2008 to help distinguish between new and pre-existing conditions. However, Australian datasets collected prior to 2008 lack the COF, potentially leading to data waste. The aim of this study was to determine if an algorithm to lookback across previous admissions could make this distinction. METHODS All patients requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT) identified in the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry in New South Wales, South Australia and Tasmania between July 2008 and December 2015 were linked with hospital admissions datasets using probabilistic linkage. Three different lookback periods entailing the preceding 1, 2 and 3 admissions were investigated. Conditions identified in an index admission but not in the lookback periods were classified as a new-onset condition. Conditions identified in both the index admission and the lookback period were deemed to be pre-existing. The degrees of agreement were determined using the kappa statistic. Conditions examined for new onset were myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism and pneumonia. Those examined for prior existence were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and kidney failure. Secondary analyses evaluated whether conditions identified as pre-existing using COF were captured consistently in subsequent admissions. RESULTS 11,140 patients on KRT with 69,403 admissions were analysed. Lookback over a single admission interval (Period 1) provided the highest rates of true positives with COF for all 3 new-onset conditions, ranging from 89% to100%. The levels of agreement were almost perfect for all conditions (k=0.94 -1.00). This was consistent across the different time eras. All lookback periods identified additional new-onset conditions that were not classified by COF: Lookback Period 1 picked-up a further 474 MIs, 84 PEs, and 1,092 pneumonia episodes. Lookback period 1 had the highest percentage of true positives when identifying pre-existing conditions (64% - 80%). The level of agreement was moderate to strong and was similar across time eras. Secondary analysis showed that not all pre-existing conditions identified using COF carried forward to the subsequent admission (61% - 82%) but increased when looking forward across greater than one admission (87 - 95%). CONCLUSION The described algorithm using a lookback period is a pragmatic, reliable and robust means of identifying new-onset and pre-existing patient conditions, thereby enriching existing datasets predating the availability of the COF. The findings also highlight the value of concatenating a series of hospital patient admission to more comprehensively adjudicate pre-existing conditions, rather than assessing the index admission alone.
N backbone and side chain chemical shift assignments of the SARS ‐ CoV ‐ 2 non ‐ structural protein 7

The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes for approximately 30 proteins. Within the international project covid19-nmr, we distribute the spectroscopic analysis of the viral proteins and RNA. Here, we report NMR chemical shift assignments for the protein nsp7. The 83 amino acid nsp7 protein is an essential cofactor in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The polymerase activity and processivity of nsp12 are greatly enhanced by binding 1 copy of nsp7 and 2 copies of nsp8 to form a 160 kD complex. A separate hexadecameric complex of nsp7 and nsp8 (8 copies of each) forms a large ring-like structure. Thus, nsp7 is an important component of several large protein complexes that are required for replication of the large and complex coronavirus genome. We here report the near-complete NMR backbone and sidechain resonance assignment (1H,13C,15N) of isolated nsp7 from SARS-CoV-2 in solution. Further, we derive the secondary structure and compare it to the previously reported assignments and structure of the SARS-CoV nsp7.
An Integrated Deep Learning Method towards Fault Diagnosis of Hydraulic Axial Piston Pump

A hydraulic axial piston pump is the essential component of a hydraulic transmission system and plays a key role in modern industry. Considering varying working conditions and the implicity of frequent faults, it is difficult to accurately monitor the machinery faults in the actual operating process by using current fault diagnosis methods. Hence, it is urgent and significant to investigate effective and precise fault diagnosis approaches for pumps. Owing to the advantages of intelligent fault diagnosis methods in big data processing, methods based on deep learning have accomplished admirable performance for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. The prevailing convolutional neural network (CNN) displays desirable automatic learning ability. Therefore, an integrated intelligent fault diagnosis method is proposed based on CNN and continuous wavelet transform (CWT), combining the feature extraction and classification. Firstly, CWT is used to convert the raw vibration signals into time-frequency representations and achieve the extraction of image features. Secondly, a new framework of deep CNN is established via designing the convolutional layers and sub-sampling layers. The learning process and results are visualized by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). The results of the experiment present a higher classification accuracy compared with other models. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach is effective and stable for fault diagnosis of a hydraulic axial piston pump.
Sodium–Taste Cells Require Skn-1a for Generation and Share Molecular Features with Sweet, Umami, and Bitter Taste Cells

Abstract Taste buds are maintained via continuous turnover of taste bud cells derived from local epithelial stem cells. A transcription factor Skn-1a (also known as Pou2f3) is required for the generation of sweet, umami (savory), and bitter taste cells that commonly express TRPM5 and CALHM ion channels. Here, we demonstrate that sodium–taste cells distributed only in the anterior oral epithelia and involved in evoking salty taste also require Skn-1a for their generation. We discovered taste cells in fungiform papillae and soft palate that show similar but not identical molecular feature with sweet, umami, and bitter taste-mediated Type II cells. This novel cell population expresses Plcb2, Itpr3, Calhm3, Skn-1a, and ENaCα (also known as Scnn1a) encoding the putative amiloride-sensitive (AS) salty taste receptor but lacks Trpm5 and Gnat3. Skn-1a-deficient taste buds are predominantly composed of putative non-sensory Type I cells and sour-sensing Type III cells, whereas wild-type taste buds include Type II (i.e., sweet, umami, and bitter taste) cells and sodium–taste cells. Both Skn-1a and Calhm3-deficient mice have markedly decreased chorda tympani nerve responses to sodium chloride, and those decreased responses are attributed to the loss of the AS salty taste response. Thus, AS salty taste is mediated by Skn-1a-dependent taste cells, whereas amiloride-insensitive salty taste is mediated largely by Type III sour taste cells and partly by bitter taste cells. Our results demonstrate that Skn-1a regulates differentiation toward all types of taste cells except sour taste cells.
Graph theory analysis reveals premature ejaculation is a brain disorder with altered structural connectivity and depressive symptom: A DTI‐based connectome study

Recent research has shown that premature ejaculation (PE) is associated with negative psychological effects (e.g., depression) and the decline of control over ejaculation is accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities in specific brain areas and connections. However, little is known about the alterations of topological organization in the brain network of patients with PE and its relationship with depressive symptom. We acquired diffusion tensor images, sexual function and depression assessment in 16 lifelong PE patients with depressive symptom, 16 lifelong PE patients without depression and 32 age‐ and education‐matched healthy controls (HC). The differences in nodal centrality and different hub regions among the three groups were compared. Correlation analyses were conducted between the nodal centrality of brain regions displaying significant group differences and the clinical parameters of PE patients. PE patients with depression had increased nodal degree in the right middle frontal gyrus (orbital part) (ORBmid.R) (survived FDR‐correction) compared with HC and PE without depression. PE patients with depression also had increased nodal degree in the left and right posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG.L; PCG.R) compared with HC. In addition, PE with depression had increased nodal betweenness in ORBmid.R compared with HC and PE without depression. Moreover PE with depression had decreased nodal participation in the right rolandic operculum (ROL.R), postcentral gyrus (PoCG.R) and supramarginal gyrus (SMG.R) compared with HC, and had decreased nodal participation in ROL.R and the right inferior parietal gyrus (IPL.R) compared with PE without depression, while PE without depression had increased nodal participation in the left precuneus (PCUN.L) compared with HC. The degree and betweenness of ORBmid.R were positively correlated with the total scores of Beck depression inventory (BDI) while the participation of IPL.R had a negative association with the total scores of BDI. Different hubs were found among PE patients with and without depression and HC based on nodal degree, betweenness and participation; however, no significant group differences were found in the frequency distribution of high‐degree hubs, high‐betweenness hubs, provincial hubs and connector hubs. These findings demonstrated that PE was a brain disorder with altered structural connectivity pattern of brain network and depressive symptom, which suggested that altered structural connectivities of the fronto‐cingulate‐parietal control network were core neurobiological features associated with PE and depression. Together, these alterations could prove helpful for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of PE in depression.
Mutations in G Protein–Coupled Receptors: Mechanisms, Pathophysiology and Potential Therapeutic Approaches

There are approximately 800 annotated G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) genes, making these membrane receptors members of the most abundant gene family in the human genome. Besides being involved in manifold physiologic functions and serving as important pharmacotherapeutic targets, mutations in 55 GPCR genes cause about 66 inherited monogenic diseases in humans. Alterations of nine GPCR genes are causatively involved in inherited digenic diseases. In addition to classic gain- and loss-of-function variants, other aspects, such as biased signaling, trans-signaling, ectopic expression, allele variants of GPCRs, pseudogenes, gene fusion, and gene dosage, contribute to the repertoire of GPCR dysfunctions. However, the spectrum of alterations and GPCR involvement is probably much larger because an additional 91 GPCR genes contain homozygous or hemizygous loss-of-function mutations in human individuals with currently unidentified phenotypes. This review highlights the complexity of genomic alteration of GPCR genes as well as their functional consequences and discusses derived therapeutic approaches. Significance Statement With the advent of new transgenic and sequencing technologies, the number of monogenic diseases related to G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) mutants has significantly increased, and our understanding of the functional impact of certain kinds of mutations has substantially improved. Besides the classical gain- and loss-of-function alterations, additional aspects, such as biased signaling, trans-signaling, ectopic expression, allele variants of GPCRs, uniparental disomy, pseudogenes, gene fusion, and gene dosage, need to be elaborated in light of GPCR dysfunctions and possible therapeutic strategies.
Prevalence and the predictive performance of the dynamic CT-angiography spot sign in an observational cohort with intracerebral hemorrhage

Abstract The CT-angiography (CTA) spot sign is a predictor of hematoma expansion (HE). We have previously reported on the use of dynamic CTA (dCTA) to detect spot sign, and to study its formation over the acquisition period. In this study, we report the frequency of dCTA spot sign in acute intracerebral hemorrhage, its sensitivity and specificity to predict HE, and explore the rate of contrast extravasation in relation to hematoma growth. We enrolled consecutive patients presenting with primary intracerebral hemorrhage within 4.5 hours. All patients underwent a dCTA protocol acquired over 60 seconds following contrast injection. We calculated frequency of the dCTA spot sign, predictive performance, and rate of contrast extravasation. We compared extravasation rates to the dichotomous definition of significant HE (defined as 6 mL or 33% growth). In 78 eligible patients, dCTA spot sign frequency was 44.9%. In 61 patients available for expansion analysis, sensitivity and specificity of dCTA spot sign was 65.4% and 62.9%, respectively. Contrast extravasation rate did not significantly predict HE (Odds Ratio 15.6 for each mL/min [95% confidence interval 0.30–820.25], P = .17). Correlation between extravasation rate and HE was low (r = 0.297, P= .11). Patients with significant HE had a higher rate of extravasation as compared to those without (0.12 mL/min vs 0.04 mL/min, P = .03). Dynamic CTA results in a higher frequency of spot sign positivity, but with modest sensitivity and specificity to predict expansion. Extravasation rate is likely related to HE, but a single measurement may be insufficient to predict the magnitude of expansion.