Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of KdV equation

It is by now well known that the 2dnon-linear KdV differential equation u + u′′′ + uu′ = 0 is one of the most popular and famous equations of mathematical physics. The major content of the recent work deals with the establishing of a numerical schemes, based on the finite difference, to descretize this famous equation. The latter, in it self, is not the principal focus of our work. It’s exact solvability (the existence of an explicit analytic solution) is behind our motivation to develop a numerical strong approach to be tested first on this famous equation before used it for other models. The principal result of the this work is the presentation of a proof for the unconditional stability of our schemes. Other important properties are presented.
The Study of Knowledge Management Effect on Performance Rate of Employees

In today's world, communities and organizations are seeking to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. In this regard, knowledge management is a useful tool for organizations to develop their intellectual capital, to encourage innovation and to maximize desirable performance. This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the concept of knowledge management and its impact on organizational success and applying it to improve employee performance. The statistical population of this study consisted of all employees of Auxin Steel Company and 380 subjects were randomly selected among them. The findings of this study showed that whatever employees to be familiar with knowledge management components, their accessibility to these components becomes more and will enhance their performance. This research tries to see whether knowledge management has an impact on employees' performance or not. The results indicated that knowledge management application is the integral component of organizations and its application increases the knowledge and information of employees and consequently increase organization's productivity.
Evaluation of Sodium Carboxymethyl Starch obtained from Ipomoea Batatas

Article history: The study sought to evaluate the functional properties of sodium carboxymethyl starch obtained from Ipomoea batatas, in order to facilitate their exploitation as substitute excipients for the local pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. The sodium carboxymethyl starch was produced by reacting native starch with sodium hydroxide and sodium monochloroacetate in various proportions and reaction time at constant temperature. Subsequently, the starches were obtained by wet separation techniques. Physicochemical properties and proximate analysis were carried out in order to determine their suitability for pharmaceutical use. Differences in the physicochemical properties, proximate composition, and functional properties of sodium carboxymethyl starches and native Ipomoea batatas starch were significant. Optimum degree of substitution and reaction efficiency of 0.52 and 1.92% were achieved when sodium hydroxide and sodium monochloroacetate in a ratio 1.5 and 2.0 Mole per anhydrous glucose unite respectively in 6 hrs was used. Generally, the carboxymethyl starches had higher bulk density, tapped density, true density, hydration and swelling capacity as compared to the native starch.
LOW OIL DEPENDENT COUNTRIES

To investigate the main impacts of the recent increase of oil price on oil exporting economies, we estimate a DSGE model for a sample of 16 oil exporting countries (Algeria, Argentina, Ecuador, Gabon, Indonesia, Kuwait, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela) over the period from 1980 to 2010, except for Russia where our sample begins in 1992. In order to distinguish between high-dependent and low-dependent countries, we use two indicators: the ratio of fuel exports to total merchandise export and the ratio of oil exports to GDP. We verify if the first group is more sensitive to the Dutch disease effect. We also assess the role of monetary policy. Our main findings are twofold. First, our results confirm the fact that the Dutch disease occurs mainly in high oil dependent countries. More precisely, we find that the manufacturing production decreases in the aftermath of a positive oil price shock in six countries (on eight) of our first sample while only Mexico suffers from a Dutch disease in the sample of low oil dependent economies. Second, the appropriate monetary policy rule -exchange rate rule versus inflation targeting one-to prevent the Dutch disease differs according to the countries. In other words, the best monetary rule is specific to each country. JEL codes: E3, F4, Q40
The Effect of Outside Leaders on the Performance of the Organization: An Experiment

In order to deal with crises, organizations often bring expert leaders from outside. However, relying in an outside leader can result in decreased performance of the organization. In this paper, we use an experiment to investigate the role of identity and skills of the outside leader on the performance of the organization. Our results indicate that outside leaders are less committed than inside leaders and that group members cooperate less with an outsider than an inside leader.
Q Unbalanced Channel Reciprocity Calibration Algorithm in Massive MIMO System

Massive MIMO system uses the transmitter channel state information (CSI) to preprocess the transmitted data, which can effectively reduce the interference and enhance the Massive MIMO system capacity. In the actual transmission process, reciprocity is subject to many factors, resulting in application difficulties. In this paper, we mainly study the influence of RF device's noncardiosis on channel reciprocity of Massive MIMO system. Combined with channel estimation based on pilot signal and FRRH subspace tracking algorithm, this paper proposes a channel reciprocity calibration method for Massive MIMO. Finally, the compensation effect of the compensation algorithm is verified by simulation.
A Discriminative Feature Space for Detecting and Recognizing Pathologies of the Vertebral Column

Each year it has become more and more difficult for healthcare providers to determine if a patient has a pathology related to the vertebral column. There is great potential to become more efficient and effective in terms of quality of care provided to patients through the use of automated systems. However, in many cases automated systems can allow for misclassification and force providers to have to review more causes than necessary. In this study, we analyzed methods to increase the True Positives and lower the False Positives while comparing them against stateof- the-art techniques in the biomedical community. We found that by applying the studied techniques of a data-driven model, the benefits to healthcare providers are significant and align with the methodologies and techniques utilized in the current research community.
Robust Bayesian Analysis, an Attempt to Improve Bayesian Sequencing

Bayesian sequencing of radiocarbon dates deals with the problem that in most cases there does not exist an unambiguous way to define the so-called prior function, which represents information in addition to the result of the 14C measurements alone. However, a random choice of a particular prior function can lead to biased results. In this paper, “robust Bayesian analysis,” which uses a whole set of prior functions, is introduced as a more reliable method. The most important aspects of the mathematical foundation and of the practical realization of the method are described. As a general result, robust Bayesian analysis leads to higher accuracy, but paid for with reduced precision. Our investigations indicate that it seems possible to establish robust analysis for practical applications.
From Washington to Post-Washington ? Consensus Policies and Divergent Developments in Latin America and Asia by Rainer Schweickert and Rainer Thiele

■ First, external stability should be given priority in order to support export activities. More flexible exchange rates and the prudent use of capital market policies could stabilize real exchange rates as well as capital inflows. At the same time, the need for capital inflows could be reduced by increasing domestic savings through higher government savings and efforts to overcome the segmentation of domestic capital markets.
Experience-Based Outsourcing: East Asian Middlemen-Manufacturer in a Triadic Concord

The rapid expansion of China's trade today owes much to the procurement of American and European firms for their home demand and the migration of industries from Taiwan and Hong Kong to China as sources for production. The catalytic participation of the former suppliers in Taiwan and Hong Kong as middlemen, pending their dis-intermediation, is like a moving front acculturating Chinese producers to the world market conditions. Our paper focuses on this new mode of international trade in East Asia, basing on a unique data source of Taiwanese exporting firms. The paper studies the special features of export outsourcing, explores its theoretic landscape in a triadic framework, testifies its empirical significance, and sheds light on the world market in transition.
Dynamic imaging of micro-particles in 3D using lensless in-line digital holographic microscopy

In this paper, dynamic imaging of micro-particles in 3D using lensless in-line digital holographic microscopy (LIDHM) is explored. The methodology presented retains the reconstructed pixels size used for the particles analysis at different depth locations under converging wave reconstruction geometry. Experiments studying the 3D visualization of copolymer microsphere suspensions in distilled water are presented. The dynamic behavior of microspheres in 1mm cube volume is captured and the numerical reconstruction provides their volumetric flow behavior. From the plot the 3D visualization and the location of each particle, its depth and dynamic behavior can be observed clearly. The proposed work is useful for tracking the 3D dynamic behavior of particles and can be used to predict the motion of the moving particles in volume.
Scanning Probe Recognition Microscopy Investigation of the Elastic Properties of Tissue Scaffolding

Scanning Probe Recognition Microscopy is a new scanning probe capability under development within our group to reliably return to and directly interact with a specific nanoscale feature of interest, without the use of a zoom box with its thermal drift and local origin difficulties. It is a recognition-driven and learning approach, made possible through combining SPM piezoelectric implementation with on-line image processing and dynamically adaptive learning algorithms. Segmentation plus a recognized pattern is implemented within a scan plan and used to guide the tip in a recognition-driven return to a specific site. The specific application focus of our group is on the development of Scanning Probe Recognition Microscopy for nanobiological investigations. In the present work, Scanning Probe Recognition Microscopy is used in a direct investigation of the surface and elastic properties along individual tubules within a tissue scaffolding matrix. Elastic properties are indicated as important influences on actin polymerization and consequent cell pseudopodia extension and contraction.
Creating new foraging opportunities for dark-bellied brent Branta bernicla and barnacle geese Branta leucopsis in spring insights from a large-scale experiment

The implementation of a new non-disturbance policy on Schiermonnikoog (Dutch Wadden Sea islands) provided an experiment to test ideas concerning the switch between habitats by spring-staging Dark-bellied Brent Geese Branta bernicla and Barnacle Geese B. leucopsis. In the experimental years (2000 and 2001) the farmers desisted from all scaring activities in the enclosed pasture area (290 ha) with grasslands intensively managed for dairy farms. The adjoining salt marsh (1635 ha) already was afforded complete protection, and traditionally provided the main goose feeding area in spring. A traditional habitat switch to the marsh coincides with the spring increase of forage production in the marsh habitat, suggesting that forage availability on the marsh is limiting in early spring. Compared to three control years (1997, 98 and 99 with scaring in the pastures) both species of geese extended their usage of the agricultural habitat in the two non-scaring years, where they remained until migratory departure (Apr for the Barnacle Geese, late May for the Dark-bellied Brent). Numbers of geese on the salt marsh did not change, hence non-disturbance triggered an increase of capacity for spring feeding geese at this staging site. The change was most dramatic for the Dark-bellied Brent Goose with a doubling of numbers on the island in the years without scaring, and identification of ringed individuals showed that the birds recruiting to this new spring tradition had in previous seasons utilised other sites in the Dutch Wadden Sea.
A Novel Scheme for Congestion Control in Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Networks

†† †††† Summary Packet losses occur repeatedly due to temporal link disconnection during handoff in wireless networks. Also during the handoff, the amount of bandwidth present at the new point of attachment may be different from that of the previous one. Due to this bandwidth change, packet drops or wastage of resources and congestion may occur at the new access point. To overcome this problem, the present paper proposes a TCP (Transport Control Protocol) based Path Loss Acknowledgment (TCP– PLACK) mechanism in place of TCP-SACK (selective acknowledgement) mechanism. The proposed TCP-PLACK mechanism sends a special acknowledgment which consists of packet loss details and available bandwidth at the new access point whenever a TCP receiver is attached to a new access point after a disconnection period or handoff. On receiving this acknowledgment, the sender retransmits the lost packets and adjusts the sending rate according to the bandwidth availability at the new access point.
Measuring the Banking Performance Based on Balanced Scorecard for Conventional (State) Banks in Indonesia

This study, we measured of banking performance based on four perspectives balanced scorecard namely job satisfaction, internal business process, customer satisfaction and financial, where each variable is affected by the five indicators as follows: (1) Job satisfaction is affected by indicator achievement, recognition, work It’s self, responsibility and advancement. (2) Internal business process is affected by the operating indicator of queuing systems, speed and responsiveness staff, staff skills and competence, customer complaints and self services technology. (3) Customer satisfaction is influenced by the indicator tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. (4) Perspective financial consists of capital adequacy ratio, productive asset quality, earnings, liquidity and sensitivity. Research result the performance of conventional bank as follows: Firstly, partially that job satisfaction, internal business process and customer satisfaction has a very strong relationship and its positive direction. Secondly, conventional bank simultaneously is proven a significant relationship between the variables of job satisfaction, internal business process and customer satisfaction towards financial perspective. Structure Equation Model (SEM) was obtained as follows: financial = 0,308 JS + 0,519 IBP + 0,197 CS. Keywords: Balanced scorecard, State Banks , Performance
Arabic Learners’ Preferences for Instagram English Lessons

This paper focuses on the use of the social network Instagram to provide supplementary English language learning material to learners from Arabic speaking countries. The author was able to use his online account in Instagram to assess the needs of these learners through data analyses. The content made specific to Arabic speakers by offering translation in each post from English into Arabic and vice versa to foster their interest in the English language. The account was followed by more than 48000 learners. The study aimed to comprehend how Arab learners promote the process of learning English language via the use of the social network Instagram. The study found that Arab learners do not like complicated, lengthy information and, instead, prefer simple, brief explanations related to the English language. The results of this study suggest that a similar program of offering English lessons on Instagram in the future would have an even greater following if only simplified content was offered.
Modelling the tides and their impacts on the vertical stratification over the Sofala Bank, Mozambique

The Sofala Bank, a wide shelf located along the central coast of Mozambique, hosts tides with high amplitudes. The Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) was used to analyse the tidal currents on the bank and to investigate their effects on the stratification and generation of tidal fronts. During spring tides, barotropic tidal currents with maximum values ranging from 40 cm s–1 to 70 cm s–1 are found on the central bank. The major axis of the tidal ellipses for M2 and S2 follow a cross-shelf direction with mainly anticlockwise rotation. Similar to observations, three distinct regimes occur: (i) a warm well-mixed region on the inner shelf where the depths are <30 m; (ii) a wellmixed colder region above the shelf edge; and (iii) a stratified region offshore. The model shows that the tides lead to cooling where two criteria are satisfied: the Simpson and Hunter parameter log10(h/U3) <3.2 and the depth h >30 m. The shelf edge of the bank is important for internal tide generation. Two frontal structures result, one offshore between cooler mixed waters and warmer stratified waters and the other in shallow inshore waters, between cooler mixed waters and solar heated mixed waters.
An Analysis of Capacities for the Practice of Female Circumcision among the Embu, Kisii and Somali Communities in Kenya

The aim of this paper is to identify and discuss the capacities available for communities that still practice female circumcision can be persuaded to stop the rite of passage. This is based on a comparative study of female circumcision (FC) among the Embu, Kisii and Somali societies of Kenya. The study was both exploratory and explanatory in nature. The study adopted both quantitative and qualitative approaches for data collection. Comparative data was collected from women and men in three Districts, i.e. among the Kisii, the Aembu and Somali of Kenya. A total sample of 369 women was selected through purposive sampling. To complement the survey data, Focus Group Discussions (FGDS), in-depth interviews and case studies were also conducted. The study established that individuals become defensive when they feel their culture and personal identities are under attack. The fear of losing the psychological, moral and material benefits of "belonging" is one of the greatest motivators of conformity with the practice of FC. Arising from these findings, it is recommended that in order to promote balanced development in the embracing policy all country, an integrated and all embracing policy approach to the abandonment of the practice of FC should be incorporated into mainstream government work. Further, there is need for research on the existing legal, policy and institutional frameworks related to the abandonment of the practice of the female circumcision. There is also a need for broad-based education on FC, including issues of women's human rights. Keywords: Analysis, Capacities, Communities, Persuaded, Abandon, Practice, Female Circumcision, Kenya
Estimation of Reliability of a Interleaving PFC Boost Converter

Reliability plays an important role in power supplies. For other electronic equipment, a certain failure mode, at least for a part of the total system, can often be employed without serious (critical) effects. However, for power supply no such condition can be accepted, since very high demands on its reliability must be achieved. At higher power levels, the continuous conduction mode (CCM) boost converter is preferred topology for implementation a front end with PFC. As a result, significant efforts have been made to improve the performance of high boost converter. This paper is one of the efforts for improving the performance of the converter from the reliability point of view. In this paper, interleaving boost power factor correction converter is simulated with single switch in continuous conduction mode (CCM), discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and critical conduction mode (CRM) under different output power ratings. Results of the converter are explored from reliability point of view.
Return from Major Land Use Practices at Farm Level Both in Terms of Physical Yield and Economic Return in Bale Eco-Region, Ethiopia

In the Bale Eco-Region, production and productivity mainly suffer from fertility deterioration, skyrocketing prices of fertilizer, and unsustainable interactions among different land uses systems. This study was initiated to return from major land use practices at farm level both in terms of physical yield and economic return Bale Eco-Region. Data were collected through the household survey, group discussion, key informant interviews and field observation. The data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and econometric analysis. The finding of the study revealed that smallholder farmers were practicing different land use/farming system in their respective agro-ecological zone. The direct economic performance of each farming system in food and cash crop production, livestock production per TLU, and total farm level production was determined, analyzed and compared by using the benefit-cost ratio (B/C) efficiency measured. Therefore, encourage integrated farming and discourage mono-cropping especially in mid and lowlands of the Eco-region through improving the economic returns of integrated farming practices at the farm level.
Design Tool for Enhanced New Product Development in Low Income Economies

In order to alleviate poverty throughout the World government and non‐government organisations provide aid in the form of essential household products. These products typically include cook stoves, water filters and LED lights. However, evidence suggests that these products are not always suitable for Low Income Economies (LIEs) which has resulted in a number of high profile product failures. In response to the growing need for appropriate New Product Development (NPD), this paper presents the development of a tool to assist industrial designers create appropriate and long lasting solutions for those in poverty. Data was collected from the analysis of existing products, a survey, interviews with NGOs & industrial designers and a field trip to Myanmar. The results were used to identify attributes required for effective, long‐lasting product design. This was used to create a tool for designers which was found to enhance understanding of appropriate NPD for LIEs.
Leaf Gas Exchange, Photon Capture and Light Harvest in Aldina heterophylla along a Vegetation Gradient in the Amazon Rainforest

Adaptation along environmental gradients is presumed to induce physiological and biochemical leaf changes in plant species. In this paper, we report how leaf gas exchange, photon capture and light harvest for photosynthesis in Aldina heterophylla change along a vegetation gradient from low stature open vegetation on extremely nutrient-poor white sand (Campina, CP), through inter-mediate closet type (Campinarana, CR) to tall closed rain forest (RF). The pigment concentrations did not differ between the CP, CR and RF habitats. The performance index for the photosynthesis (PIABS) of individuals in RF and CP was approximately 30% higher than that in CR individuals. This species showed similar potential rates of photosynthesis in the different vegetation types; however, the dark respiration rates were higher in CP. Our results indicate that the differences in the leaves and soil nitrogen concentrations are not enough to change the levels of gas exchange. Other environmental features may be driving the observed morphological features in this gradient, in particular, the tree height.