Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel active learning method for content based remote sensing image retrieval

This paper presents a novel active learning (AL) method for retrieving remote sensing images from large archives. The proposed AL method defines an effective set of relevant and irrelevant images with regard to a query image by jointly evaluating three criteria: i) uncertainty, ii) diversity and iii) density of images in the archive. The proposed AL method assesses jointly the three criteria based on two consecutive steps. In the first step the most uncertain images are selected from the archive based on margin sampling strategy. In the second step the images that are both diverse to each other and associated to high density regions of the image feature space in the archive are chosen from the most uncertain images. This step is achieved by a novel clustering based strategy. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed AL method.
Cytotoxic mechanism of tumor necrosis factor‐α

Many intracellular pathways are set in motion by the binding of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) to its cell surface receptor. Major steps in the TNF‐mediated cytotoxicity cascade include G protein‐coupled activation of phospholipases, generation of free radicals, and damage to nuclear DNA by endonucleases. Ultimately the cells undergo apoptosis and die. Understanding how TNF initiates these pathways will facilitate the rational design of pharmaceuticals that can attenuate or potentiate the action of this important cytokine. — Larrick, J. W. ; Wright, S. C. Cytotoxic mechanism of tumor necrosis factor‐α. FASEB J. 4: 3215‐3223; 1990.
Modeling of an out-of-plane capacitive MEMS transducer with dynamically coupled electrodes

This paper presents a system-level, physic-based compact model of a novel out-of-plane capacitive MEMS transducer based on a combination of plate- and comb-capacitor drives. Unlike conventional plate-capacitor-like transducers both electrodes of this novel device are movable. This feature results in a device dynamics analogous to a weakly coupled two-degree-of-freedom oscillator system. An analysis of the governing electro-mechanical and fluid-mechanical coupling effects is presented together with an analytical description of the dynamics of the coupled electrodes. The proposed model can be simulated with the help of standard circuit simulation software enabling both transient and small signal analysis. Dynamic measurements performed on prototype devices in a low-pressure environment are used to calibrate and validate the model. Sensitivity enhancement and resonance frequency shift due to electrostatic spring softening are self-consistently included in the model since the interaction among mechanical, electrical, and fluidic domain is implemented on a physical basis. The presented study provides accurate physical understanding of the device, which can be employed to analyze and improve the transducer characteristics. The energy-coupled and modular modeling approach enables the extension of the model to investigate the performance of the device under the impact of the surrounding atmosphere and the effects of device packaging.
The use of 3D image fusion for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting of iliac artery obstructions: validation of the technique and systematic review of literature.

INTRODUCTION The effect of the insertion of guidewires and catheters on fusion accuracy of the three-dimensional (3D) image fusion technique during iliac percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) procedures has not yet been investigated. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Technical validation of the 3D fusion technique was evaluated in 11 patients with common and/or external iliac artery lesions. A preprocedural contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiogram (CE-MRA) was segmented and manually registered to a cone-beam computed tomography image created at the beginning of the procedure for each patient. The treating physician visually scored the fusion accuracy (i.e., accurate [<2 mm], mismatch [2-5 mm], or inaccurate [>5 mm]) of the entire vasculature of the overlay with respect to the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) directly after the first obtained DSA. Contours of the vasculature of the fusion images and DSAs were drawn after the procedure. The cranial-caudal, lateral-medial, and absolute displacement were calculated between the vessel centerlines. To determine the influence of the catheters, displacement of the catheterized iliac trajectories were compared with the noncatheterized trajectories. Electronic databases were systematically searched for available literature published between January 2010 till August 2017. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The mean registration error for all iliac trajectories (N.=20) was small (4.0±2.5 mm). No significant difference in fusion displacement was observed between catheterized (N.=11) and noncatheterized (N.=9) iliac arteries. The systematic literature search yielded 2 manuscripts with a total of 22 patients. The methodological quality of these studies was poor (≤11 MINORS Score), mainly due to a lack of a control group. CONCLUSIONS Accurate image fusion based on preprocedural CE-MRA is possible and could potentially be of help in iliac PTA procedures. The flexible guidewires and angiographic catheters, routinely used during endovascular procedures of iliac arteries, did not cause significant displacement that influenced the image fusion. Current literature on 3D image fusion in iliac PTA procedures is of limited methodological quality.
A placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of fluoxetine in trichotillomania.

OBJECTIVE It has been proposed by some investigators that trichotillomania, a disorder of chronic hair pulling, is a variant of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and some studies have suggested that the antiobessional agents clomipramine and fluoxetine are useful in treating this disorder. The authors investigated the efficacy of fluoxetine in the treatment of trichotillomania. METHOD Twenty-one adult chronic hair pullers were recruited into an 18-week placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of fluoxetine, in doses up to 80 mg/day. The fluoxetine and placebo treatment phases consisted of 6-week trials of each agent separated by a 5-week washout period. Fifteen subjects (14 female and one male) completed the study; an additional female subject dropped out at 16 weeks after developing a drug reaction. RESULTS No significant Drug by Period interactions were found in weekly subject ratings of hair pulling, weekly subject ratings of the urge to pull hair, weekly assessments of the number of hair-pulling episodes, or the estimated amount of hair pulled per week. CONCLUSIONS The short-term efficacy of fluoxetine in the treatment of trichotillomania was not demonstrated in this study.
Application of the noise power spectrum in modern diagnostic MDCT: part I. Measurement of noise power spectra and noise equivalent quanta

Dose reduction efforts in diagnostic CT have brought the tradeoff of dose versus image quality to the forefront. The need for meaningful characterization of image noise beyond that offered by pixel standard deviation is becoming increasingly important. This work aims to study the implementation of the noise power spectrum (NPS) and noise equivalent quanta (NEQ) on modern, multislice diagnostic CT scanners. The details of NPS and NEQ measurement are outlined and special attention is paid to issues unique to multislice CT. Aliasing, filter design and effects of acquisition geometry are investigated. While it was found that both metrics can be implemented in modern CT, it was discovered that NEQ cannot be aptly applied with certain non-traditional reconstruction filters or in helical mode. NPS and NEQ under a variety of conditions are examined. Extensions of NPS and NEQ to uses in protocol standardization are also discussed.
Plasmid-associated transfer of tetracycline resistance in Bacteroides ruminicola

Tetracycline resistance was transferred at frequencies between 10(-7) and 10(-6) per recipient cell in anaerobic matings between two strains of the strictly anaerobic rumen bacterium Bacteroides ruminicola. The donor strain, 223/M2/7, was a multiple-plasmid-bearing tetracycline-resistant strain from the ovine rumen, and the recipient, F101, was a rifampin-resistant mutant of B14, a bovine strain belonging to B. ruminicola subsp. brevis. Resistance transfer could occur in the presence of DNase, but not in dummy mating mixtures in which filtrate from a donor culture replaced donor cells. Acquisition of tetracycline resistance by the recipient was accompanied by the appearance of a 19.5-kilobase pair plasmid (designated pRRI4) which was homologous with a plasmid of similar size and restriction pattern present in the donor strain. A transconjugant (F115) carrying pRRI4 was also able to act as a donor of tetracycline resistance and plasmid DNA in matings with another recipient. Derivatives of F115 that had spontaneously lost tetracycline resistance lacked detectable plasmid DNA. It is concluded that pRRI4 mediated the transfer of tetracycline resistance. Transfer of resistance was not detectably enhanced by pregrowth of the donor in medium containing tetracycline. Transfer of tetracycline resistance was not detected from 223/M2/7 to a strain, 23 belonging to B. ruminicola subsp. ruminicola.
Measurement of skin‐fold thickness in the guinea pig

The rabbit has been used for decades for predictive testing of skin irritancy, but in recent years, the guinea pig has been suggested as an alternative, especially for assessment of one of the components of the irritant reaction: edema (fluid accumulation). A method based on skin‐fold measurements with Harpenden calipers has been developed and modified. In previous papers, experience with sodium lauryl sulphate, nonanoic acid and industrial solvents was reported. The present results concern the use of cutting fluids, buffered and unbuffered acid and alkaline solutions, formalin and dimethyl sulfoxide. This inexpensive and comparatively unsophisticated method afforded clear dose‐response relationships and good discriminating power. The only exception was the acid and alkaline solutions, where no changes in skin‐fold thickness were observed despite their documented irritant potential. The appearance of erythema (visual scoring) and the increase in skin‐fold thickness, and their relationship, are discussed with some illustrative examples. The method described is now well standardized and is suited for predictive testing of the edema‐inducing capacity of chemicals and products.
Fluid-Solid Coupling Numerical Simulation on Natural Gas Production from Hydrate Reservoirs by Depressurization

Natural gas hydrate is considered to be the most prospective energy in the 21st century for its various advantages, such as extensive distributing, vast amount of quantity, high energy density, and environmental-friendly. [1] Since the end of 1980s in last century, numerous countries have been playing highly attention on the exploration of natural gas hydrate and made a long-term plan from the point of energy stratagem.
Modeling of the frequency dependent detective quantum efficiency of X-ray imaging detectors

Direct conversion flat panel x-ray imaging detector is presently one of the important tools in medical diagnosis of a patient. It provides an excellent image quality, portability, and dose utilization. Amorphous selenium based direct conversion detector with an active matrix array has been in the focus of researchers for the last two decades and extensive work and improvement have been done on this. There are several parameters of an x-ray imaging detector through which the imaging performance of a detector could be measured. The most important measure is the frequency, f , dependent detective quantum efficiency, DQE(f ). In this thesis, we have proposed a parallel cascaded linear system model for calculating DQE(f ) by considering the effects of K-fluorescence reabsorption, the range of primary photo electrons, charge carrier trapping, aperture function, noise aliasing, and addition of electronic noise. DQE (Detective Quantum Efficiency) depends significantly on the transport properties (mobility-lifetime product) and the creation of K-fluorescent x-ray photons. The DQE model is applied to fluoroscopic and mammographic detectors and is validated with the recent published experimental data. It has been found that the DQE( f ) can be improved by ensuring that the carrier with the higher mobility-lifetime product is drifted towards the pixel electrode, i.e., the bottom electrode of the detector. A simplified zero spatial frequency, DQE(0), is also proposed in this thesis. There exists an optimum detector thickness that maximizes the DQE under charge carrier trapping. Although the model is applied to Amorphous Selenium (a-Se) and Mercuric Iodide (HgI 2 ) based imaging detectors, it can also be applied to analyze the DQE(f ) performance of the imaging detectors based on other photoconductive materials like CdZnTe, PbI2 etc.
Sex-Related Differences in Spatial Ability in a Group of South African Students

Many recent studies have reported a convergence in the scores of males and females on spatial tests; however, these studies also indicate different amounts of convergence. There are indications that spatial differences continue to exist. It was decided to study such differences in spatial ability on two different tests for two groups of South African first-year university students (ns = 60), one from arts and one from the sciences. In all comparisons statistically significant differences were found between the sexes.
Fluorescence excitation and imaging of single molecules near dielectric‐coated and bare surfaces: a theoretical study

Microscopic fluorescent samples of interest to cell and molecular biology are commonly embedded in an aqueous medium near a solid surface that is coated with a thin film such as a lipid multilayer, collagen, acrylamide, or a cell wall. Both excitation and emission of fluorescent single molecules near film‐coated surfaces are strongly affected by the proximity of the coated surface, the film thickness, its refractive index and the fluorophore's orientation. For total internal reflection excitation, multiple reflections in the film can lead to resonance peaks in the evanescent intensity versus incidence angle curve. For emission, multiple reflections arising from the fluorophore's near field emission can create a distinct intensity pattern in both the back focal plane and the image plane of a high aperture objective. This theoretical analysis discusses how these features can be used to report film thickness and refractive index, and fluorophore axial position and orientation.
Implementation methods of self-calibration in intelligent magnetostrictive transformers of linear displacements

In this article the authors analyze the relevance of intelligent sensors use. The review and classification of the functions of intelligent sensors and systems is given. Structural diagrams for an intelligent measuring system of magnetostrictive linear displacement sensors are considered. There are two ways to implement the self-calibration function, with mathematical control points and active control points.
New microwave photonic filter based on a ring resonator including a photonic crystal structure

Microwave photonic filters with a performance not achievable by the conventional RF technology, are currently a hot topic in the field of microwave photonics. In this paper, after a brief review of the state-of-the-art of microwave integrated photonic filters and their application in space engineering, the design of a new band-pass filter configuration based on a ring resonator with a photonic crystal included in the resonant path is proposed. The achieved performance parameters are a full-width-at-half-maximum of 10 pm, a Q-factor of 1.5×105, with an extinction ratio equal to 40 dB, and a maximum ripple less than 0.5 dB, within the wavelength range λ0 ± FWHM/4 (with λ0 = 1550 nm). The ring is in silicon technology and it can be integrated with other optoelectronic/photonic components of the filter through a hybrid approach.
Femoral ShaFt FractureS 27

Femur fractures are common. When subtrochanteric and supracondylar fractures are included, the femoral shaft represents about 1.6% of all bony injuries in children. Fractures are more common in boys (2.6:1), and occur in an interesting bimodal distribution with a peak during the toddler years (usually from simple falls) and then again in early adolescence (usually from higher-energy injury). A recent Swedish incidence study also showed a seasonal bimodal variation, with the peak in March and in August. Although pediatric femoral shaft fractures create substantial short-term disability, with attention to detail and modern techniques, these major injuries can generally be treated successfully with few long-term sequelae. Over the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic and sustained trend toward the operative stabilization of femoral shaft fractures in school-aged children using flexible intramedullary nails, external fixation, locked intramedullary nails, and more recently, submuscular plate fixation. These advances have decreased the substantial early disability for the children as well as the family’s burden of care during the recovery period.
Indices for characterizing driving style and their relevance to car following behavior

In driver support system studies, it is concerned that mismatch between driver and machine may occur. One of the methods for its solution is to understand driver's behavior, which may be affected by driving style as driver's individual characteristic. In this study, "Driving Style Questionnaire" (DSQ) which had 8 scales was developed from a questionnaire survey and principal component analysis. Then, through an application to analysis of car following behavior at low speed, validity of the DSQ was examined by correlation analysis with behavioral indices and its usefulness was shown from modeling approach. The DSQ will contribute to characterizing drivers.
Influence of steel BH characteristics on IPMSM performance

This paper presents the results of simulation of an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) modeled using different magnetic characteristics. In each case the same steel is used and comparisons are made between manufacturer's data and two sets of Epstein test data. The two Epstein data tests are for material with and without stress relief annealing (SRA) treatments and include characterization of the magnetization curves and loss over a wide frequency range. Using finite element analysis (FEA) the performance of the machine while operated under identical control conditions is evaluated. Torque, power, voltage and inductance values are compared.
Robust Sliding Mode Control for Robot Manipulators

In the face of large-scale parametric uncertainties, the single-model (SM)-based sliding mode control (SMC) approach demands high gains for the observer, controller, and adaptation to achieve satisfactory tracking performance. The main practical problem of having high-gain-based design is that it amplifies the input and output disturbance as well as excites hidden unmodeled dynamics, causing poor tracking performance. In this paper, a multiple model/control-based SMC technique is proposed to reduce the level of parametric uncertainty to reduce observer-controller gains. To this end, we split uniformly the compact set of unknown parameters into a finite number of smaller compact subsets. Then, we design a candidate SMC corresponding to each of these smaller subsets. The derivative of the Lyapunov function candidate is used as a resetting criterion to identify a candidate model that approximates closely the plant at each instant of time. The key idea is to allow the parameter estimate of conventional adaptive sliding mode control design to be reset into a model that best estimates the plant among a finite set of candidate models. The proposed method is evaluated on a 2-DOF robot manipulator to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical development.
3D Saliency maps

Eye tracking devices have been extensively used to study human selection mechanisms and promoted the development of computational models of visual attention, whose well known outcomes are the saliency maps. Among the eye trackers, wearable ones have the advantages of allowing the estimation of the Point of Regard (POR) while performing natural tasks, instead of experimental, static lab settings. The motion of the viewer makes localization necessary to collect data in a coherent reference frame. In this work we present a framework for the estimation and mapping of the sequence of 3D PORs collected by a wearable device in unstructured, experimental settings. The result is a three-dimensional map of gazed objects, which we call 3D Saliency Map and constitutes the novel contribution of this work.
Prebolus quantitative MR heart perfusion imaging

The purpose of this study was to present the prebolus technique for quantitative multislice myocardial perfusion imaging. In quantitative MR perfusion studies the maximum contrast agent dose is limited by the requirement to determine the arterial input function (AIF). The prebolus technique consists of two consecutive contrast agent administrations. The AIF is determined from a first low‐dose bolus, while a second, high‐dose bolus allows the measurement of the myocardium with improved signal increase. The results of the prebolus technique using a multislice saturation recovery trueFISP sequence in healthy volunteers are presented. In comparison to a standard dose of 3 ml Gd‐DTPA, perfusion values are maintained while the signal increase in the concentration time courses was considerably improved, accompanied by reduced standard deviations of the obtained perfusion values (0.72 ± 0.13 ml/g/min for 1 ml/8 ml and 0.67 ± 0.10 ml/g/min for 1 ml/12 ml Gd‐DTPA, respectively). Magn Reson Med 52:296–299, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fast and Accurate Real Time Pedestrian Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network

305 Fast and Accurate Real Time Pedestrian Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network Hayder Albehadili Department of Software , Kadhum College for Islamic Science University, Iraq Sadqmo4@gmail.com Laith Alzubaidi Department of Systems and Applications, University of Information Technology & Communications Baghdad, Iraq Laithicci@gmail.com Jabbar Rashed Department of Electrical Engineering , Engineering College, University of MisanIraq Dr.jabar72@gmail.com Murtadha Al-Imam Department of Software , Kadhum College for Islamic Science University, Iraq Muam1987_computer@yahoo.com Haider A. Alwzwazy Department of Mathematics, Mathematics College, University of MisanIraq Haiderabd83@gmail.com
Reconstitution of chromatin: assembly of the nucleosome

The order of reassociation of the four histones H2a, H2b, H3 and H4 to the DNA during the reconstitution of chromatin was determined. At each step of the reconstitution the DNA and associated histones were separated from the free histones by centrifugation in a glycerol gradient. The unbound and reas- sociated histones were analysed by gel electrophoresis and the histone-DNA complexes characterized by circular dichrolsm and electron microscopy. We show that H3 and H4 bind first to the DNA between 1.2 M NaCl and 0.85 M NaCl and impose a nucleosome like structure ; in a second step histones H2a and H2b are placed around this kernel to complete the nucleosome.
Stabilization of Networked Control Systems with data-rate limitation

This paper investigates the stabilization problem of Network Control Systems with limited data rates. A new method, which reduces data packet dropout rate and signal transmission delay, is proposed, based on modern communication theory. A condition for data rate over communication channels is derived, in which there are the upper and lower bounds of data rates at which there exists a coding and control law such that delay time and data packet dropout rate are bounded and small enough to stabilize control systems. The proof techniques are mainly based on Information Theory.