Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intraspecific DNA Barcoding and Variation Analysis for Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium of Citrus reticulata “Chachi”

Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, the desiccative mature peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco or its cultivated varieties, is a national geographical indicated product that has the concomitant function of both medicine and foodstuff. The primary source of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium is Citrus reticulata “Chachi,” called “Guang chenpi,” while it differs in variety, propagation, grafting rootstock, and tree age, and the hereditary stability of its biological information between intraspecific plants is worthy of our attention. Homologous analysis result of 4 DNA barcodings in the ribosome or the chloroplast showed that the homology of them (ITS2, rbcl, matK, and psbA-trnH) of 22 samples was 100.00%, 99.97%, 99.99%, and 99.81%, respectively, which indicated that 4 DNA barcodes maintained a high degree of genetic stability in Citrus reticulata “Chachi. ” Also, ITS2 was considered to identify Citrus reticulata “Chachi” from other varieties because it presented not only low variability within a certain taxon but also a high level of interspecies variability. Simultaneously, variant site detection of Citrus reticulata “Chachi” was analyzed by comparing with the reference Citrus reticulata genome, and 2652697 SNP sites and 533906 InDel sites were detected from whole-genome resequencing data of 22 samples, providing the data resources and theoretical foundation for the future study about the relevant molecular makers of “Guang chenpi. ”
ARTIFICIAL LEARNING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES: DEFAULT RISK PREDICTION 1

The financial crisis that started in 2008 has shown how much work has still to be done in order to precisely predict the bankruptcy of those actors who ask for credit to their banks. In this paper I focus my attention on large companies, using a database kindly provided by Unicredit, one of the most important European banking groups. The size and the complexity of the problem has required the simplification of the database and the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in order to reduce the problem to a dimension that is manageable by the Support Vector Machine (SVM) software chosen for this study. The best configuration found allowed the correct classification of 84% of all companies and such results are found to be higher than many other reported in the literature. Key words: Bankruptcy prediction, Basle 2, Default Risk, Principal Component Analysis, Support Vector Machines.
Defects in MMR Genes as a Seminal Example of Personalized Medicine: From Diagnosis to Therapy

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is the landmark feature of DNA mismatch repair deficiency, which can be found in 15–20% of all colorectal cancers (CRC). This specific set of tumors has been initially perceived as a niche for geneticists or gastroenterologists focused on inherited predispositions. However, over the years, MSI has established itself as a key biomarker for the diagnosis, then extending to forecasting the disease behavior and prognostication, including the prediction of responsiveness to immunotherapy and eventually to kinase inhibitors, and possibly even to specific biological drugs. Thanks to the contribution of the characterization of MSI tumors, researchers have first acknowledged that a strong lymphocytic reaction is associated with a good prognosis. This understanding supported the prognostic implications in terms of the low metastatic potential of MSI-CRC and has led to modifications in the indications for adjuvant treatment. Furthermore, with the emergence of immunotherapy, this strong biomarker of responsiveness has exemplified the capability of re-activating an effective immune control by removing the brakes of immune evasion. Lately, a subset of MSI-CRC emerged as the ideal target for kinase inhibitors. This therapeutic scenario implies a paradox in which appropriate treatments for advanced disease are effective in a set of tumors that seldom evolve towards metastases.
Reversible Binary to Grey and Grey to Binary Code Converter using QCA

ABSTRACT Quantum dot-cellular automata (QCA) is an emerging nanotechnological archetype and has widespread applications in designing nanoscale reversible circuit for nanocomputing. The low power consumption, faster operating speed, and low circuit area of QCA pledge the energy efficient design of logic circuit having high device complexity. This paper demonstrates the design of reversible binary to grey and grey to binary code converter based on Feynman gate using QCA for the first time. Both the proposed reversible code converter circuits have quantum cost as 2. The conversion of binary to grey code is achieved with only one garbage value and the grey to binary code conversion is achieved without any garbage value. The proposed Feynman gate circuit required only 38,880 nm2 areas and three clocking zones. The reversible binary to grey circuit required only 92,664 nm2 areas and three clocking zones whereas the reversible grey to binary circuit required only 139,968 nm2 areas and four clocking zones. The proposed design can be used to realise the nanoarchitecture in computer communication having low power consumption. The evaluation of simulation outcomes of proposed circuit with theoretical knowledge established the functional efficiency of the circuits. The circuits are designed and simulated by QCA Designer-2.0. 3.
Super-Repellent Paper Coated with Electrospun Biopolymers and Electrosprayed Silica of Interest in Food Packaging Applications

In the current work, a super-repellent biopaper suitable for food contact applications was developed. To do this, three different kinds of biopolymers, namely polylactide (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and hydrophobic silica microparticles (SiO2), were sequentially processed by electrohydrodynamic processing (EDHP). As a first step, the ultrathin biopolymer fibers were deposited onto a commercial food contact cellulose paper by electrospinning and, thereafter, the nanostructured silica was sequentially electrosprayed. The multilayer coated papers were annealed at different temperatures to promote adhesion between the layers and enhance the super-repellent properties. The developed coatings were characterized in terms of morphology, permeance to water vapor, adhesion, mechanical resistance, and contact and sliding angle. The resultant multilayer biopapers presented a hierarchical micro/nanostructured surface with an apparent water contact angle (WCA) higher than 155° and sliding angle (SA) lower than 10° for all the tested biopolymers used. Among the different multilayer approaches, it was observed that the paper/PHBV/SiO2 showed the best performance, in terms of water vapor permeance; resistance after the tape peeling-off test; and food super-repelling properties to water, yogurt, and custard. Overall, this study presents the successful generation of super-repellent biopapers coated with PLA, PCL, or PHBV along with hydrophobic silica microparticles and its effectiveness for easy emptying food packaging applications to reduce food waste.
Learning Loss in Vulnerable Student Populations After the First Covid-19 School Closure in the Netherlands

ABSTRACT School closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic raised concerns about increases in educational inequality. We examined the magnitude of the impact of the first school closure for vulnerable student groups in particular. This study was conducted among 886 Grade 3 - 5 students in the Netherlands in schools serving a high percentage of students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Piecewise growth analyses indicated that the school closures caused discontinuity in students’ achievement growth on national standardized tests and led to an average learning loss of 2.47 months in mathematics and 2.35 in reading comprehension, exceeding the duration of the school closure. Findings suggest that school closures contribute to educational inequality and indicate which students may particularly need additional support to overcome the adverse consequences of the lockdowns.
Fuel Injector Design Optimization for an Annular Scramjet Geometry

A four-parameter, three-level, central composite experiment design has been used to optimize the configuration of an annular scramjet injector geometry using computational fluid dynamics. The computational fluid dynamic solutions played the role of computer experiments, and response surface methodology was used to capture the simulation results for mixing efficiency and total pressure recovery within the scramjet flowpath. An optimization procedure, based upon the response surface results of mixing efficiency, was used to compare the optimal design configuration against the target efficiency value of 92.5%. The results of three different optimization procedures are presented and all point to the need to look outside the current design space for different injector geometries that can meet or exceed the stated mixing efficiency target.
Four-Dimensional Printing for Freeform Surfaces: Design Optimization of Origami and Kirigami Structures

A self-folding structure fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM) can be automatically folded into a demanding three-dimensional (3D) shape by actuation mechanisms such as heating. However, 3D surfaces can only be fabricated by self-folding structures when they are flattenable. Most generally, designed parts are not flattenable. To address the problem, we develop a shape optimization method to modify a nonflattenable surface into flattenable. The shape optimization framework is equipped with topological operators for adding interior/boundary cuts to further improve the flattenability. When inserting cuts, self-intersection is locally prevented on the flattened two-dimensional (2D) pieces. The total length of inserted cuts is also minimized to reduce artifacts on the finally folded 3D shape. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4031023]
The Evaluation of Oxytetracycline Residues in Cow’s Milk in Tetovo, Macedonia

Oxiteraciclines are antibiotics widely used in the treatment of cattle against many infections caused by deferent gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.This research was focused on qualitative and quantitative detection of oxytetracycline residues in cow’s milk produced in different rural areas of Tetovo in Macedonia. 138 milk samples were collected from 60 milking cows’ farms and are checked for oxytetracycline residues using qualitative ELISA test. From this control are found positive samples in 5, 8% (8/138) of milk samples. All positive samples are confirmed were by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in Institute of Food Safety and Veterinary in Tirana. Analytical control carried out using HPLC resulted that only 6 /138 or 4.3% were positive for oxytetracycline residues. This evaluation of oxytetracycline residues with HPLC was carried out confirming following: 90ug/l, 180ug/l, 200ug/l, 4000 ug/l, 1600 ug/l and 1400ug/l (ppb) Al positive results are confirming treatment of milking cows with high doses of oxytetracycline so the level of oxytetracycline in the cow’s milk remain problematic. Keywords: oxytetracycline, cow, milk, Macedonia.
Cull Whole Peanuts as a Feed Supplement for Beef Cows

AN212, a 3-page illustrated fact sheet by Bob Myer and Gary Hill, presents the results of a two-year study conducted at NFREC in Marianna, Florida to evaluate raw whole cull peanuts as a potential protein and energy supplement feed for beef cows. Published by the UF Department of Animal Science, January 2009. AN212/AN212: Cull Whole Peanuts as a Feed Supplement for Beef Cows (ufl.edu)
Does Godwin’s law (rule of Nazi analogies) apply in observable reality? An empirical study of selected words in 199 million Reddit posts

As Godwin’s Law states, “as a discussion on the Internet grows longer, the likelihood of a person being compared to Hitler, or another Nazi reference, increases. ” However, even though the theoretical probability of an infinitely long conversation including any term should approach 1.0, in practice, conversations cannot be infinite in length, and this long-accepted axiom is impossible to observe. By analyzing 199 million Reddit posts, we note that, after a certain point, the probability of observing the terms “Nazi” or “Hitler” actually decreases significantly with conversation length. In addition, a corollary of Godwin’s Law holds that “the invocation of Godwin’s Law is usually done by an individual that is losing the argument,” and, thus, that comparisons to Nazis are a signal of a discussion’s end. In other words, comparing one’s interlocutor to Hitler is supposed to be a conversation-killer. While it is difficult to determine whether a discussion on a given topic ended or not in a large dataset, we observe a marked increase in conversation length when the words “Hitler” or “Nazi” are newly interjected. Given that both of these observations challenge widely accepted and intuitive truisms, other words were run through the same set of tests. Within the context of the initial question, these results suggest that it is not inevitable that conversations eventually disintegrate into reductio ad Hitlerum, and that such comparisons are not conversation-killers. The results moreover suggest that we may underestimate, in the popular imagination, how much conversations may actually become narrower and therefore may tend to have a more impoverished or limited vocabulary as they stretch on. All of these observations provoke questions for further research.
Temporal Changes in Key Signal Transduction Pathways Mediating Muscle Protein Synthesis with Adaptive and Maladaptive Right Ventricular Hypertrophy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

BackgroundPulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a progressive cardiopulmonary disease and is characterized by occlusive remodeling of pulmonary arterioles and increased pulmonary vascular resistance. With the onset of PAH, the right ventricle (RV) of the heart adapts to the increased afterload pressure by undergoing adaptive hypertrophic remodeling to maintain adequate blood flow. However, for unknown reasons, maladaptive influences ensue, resulting in impaired RV function with progressive decompensation and right heart failure. Using a rodent model of PAH, we evaluated key signaling pathways mediating cardiac muscle protein synthesis in the RV during the adaptive hypertrophy phase, with preserved right heart function, and the decompensated maladaptive phase, in which right heart failure (RHF) was clinically present.MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with 60mg/kg Monocrotaline (MCT) and RV function was assessed by echocardiography during PAH disease progression. RV tissue was collected during the adaptive and maladaptive phases of PAH and cell signaling pathways involved in survival, hypertrophy, and autophagy, as well as fibrosis and vascularization, were probed using qPCR, Western blotting and histology. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA to compare differences between the independent groups and Student-Newman-Keuls test was used to compare differences within independent groups.ResultsAnalysis of protein and gene expression changes in PAH animals identified three key signaling pathways involved in the shift toward maladaptive right heart failure: i) PI3K/Akt/mTOR; ii) GSK-3; iii) MAPK/ERK, as well as IGF-1 regulation. During adaptive hypertrophy, significant increments of phosphorylated proteins in the three signaling pathways were observed with increases in RV fibrosis and decreased capillarity found. In the maladaptive phase, mTORC1 and its downstream effector p-70S6K were significantly activated, contributing to the decreased LC3-I/II ratio, a marker of autophagy inhibition. Additionally, p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, which has been recently implicated in regulating mTOR activity to inhibit autophagy and promote heart failure was significantly downregulated. ConclusionWe propose that autophagy inhibition in conjunction with other maladaptive processes reported in the decompensated RV muscle contributes to the genesis of overt RHF in PAH and that a continuum of changes characterizes the adaptive and maladaptive phases in the RV muscle.
The Influence of Financial Socialization, Financial Behavior, Locus of Control and Financial Stress on Young Adults’ Financial Vulnerability

The degree of Malaysian household debt remains high, at present among the highest in Asia, raising concerns about its sustainability. Based on that existing issue and results of the several studies the question is arisen regarding what needs to be done to address the high levels of financial vulnerability experienced by the Malaysians, especially the young adults. Therefore, major objective of the current study was to examine the major determinants that affect financial vulnerability, and allow policymakers to address the above issue. A multi stage random sampling method was performed to draw a representative sample of Malaysian young adults, and 651 duly filled responses were received through the self-administered questionnaire. As stated by the multiple regression results, 53.1% of the total variance of financial vulnerability was explained by the model. Determinants of financial vulnerability examined by this study comprise financial socialization, financial behavior, locus of control, and financial stress; all of them were significantly related with the financial vulnerability and except financial stress, all other three determinants were shown negative relationships. Therefore, current study has both the theoretical and practical contributions, and offers experts with actionable insights regarding the determinants of young adults’ financial vulnerability when designing policies to prevent them from moving from a state of lower to higher financial vulnerability overtime.
Discharge of CO2 from large‐diameter orifices: Experimental data and data review

The CO2PIPETRANS Joint Industry Project included a large‐diameter CO2 release experimental program involving eight dense phase CO2 experiments at the DNV GL Spadeadam test site. The releases were through 1″, 2″, 4″, and 6″ orifice diameters. Measurements included pressure and temperature at several locations in the supply reservoir, feed lines, and discharge pipe, while direct flow rate measurements were carried out for the 1″ releases only. Flow rates for the larger releases were estimated by calculation. This article describes the experiments and presents the results of a high‐level data review of these experiments. As part of the data review, a method was derived to estimate the time‐varying flow rate analytically from derived pressure and temperature measurements in the reservoir. Pressure, temperature, and derived flow rate measurements were analyzed for the subsequent stages of flow in the experiments. The data review concluded that while the data will be very valuable for model validation, the quality of the data measurements for the large‐scale diameter experiments is not as high as the previous smaller‐scale diameter BP and Shell tests due to difficulties making such accurate measurements at the large scale required. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 34: 389–397, 2015
An instantaneous reactive volt-ampere compensator and harmonic suppressor system

A novel control method for a reactive volt-ampere compensator and harmonic suppressor system is proposed. It operates without sensing the reactive volt-ampere demand and nonlinearities present in the load. The compensation process is instantaneous, which is achieved without employing any complicated and involved control logic. The compensator is operated in cycle-by-cycle reference-current-controlled mode to achieve the instantaneous compensating feature. A mathematical model of the scheme is developed. Detailed analysis and simulation results are presented. A laboratory prototype of the compensator is developed to validate the results.
Nonlinear Chen-Lee Chaotic System Based Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Nets for Chatter Diagnosis

Chatter has a direct effect on the precision and life of machine tools and its detection is a crucial issue in all metal machining processes. Traditional methods focus on how to extract discriminative features to help identify chatter. Nowadays, deep learning models have shown an extraordinary ability to extract data features which are their necessary fuel. In this study deep learning models have been substituted for more traditional methods. Chatter data are rare and valuable because the collecting process is extremely difficult. To solve this practical problem an innovative training strategy has been proposed that is combined with a modified convolutional neural network and deep convolutional generative adversarial nets. This improves chatter detection and classification. Convolutional neural networks can be effective chatter classifiers, and adversarial networks can act as generators that produce more data. The convolutional neural networks were trained using original data as well as by forged data produced by the generator. Original training data were collected and preprocessed by the Chen-Lee chaotic system. The adversarial training process used these data to create the generator and the generator could produce enough data to compensate for the lack of training data. The experimental results were compared with without a data generator and data augmentation. The proposed method had an accuracy of 95.3% on leave-one-out cross-validation over ten runs and surpassed other methods and models. The forged data were also compared with original training data as well as data produced by augmentation. The distribution shows that forged data had similar quality and characteristics to the original data. The proposed training strategy provides a high-quality deep learning chatter detection model.
SCG Court: A Crowdsourcing Platform for Scientific Innovation using Unreliable Scientists

We apply the Scientific Community Game (SCG, formerly called the Specker Challenge Game) to crowdsourcing scientific innovation. SCG is the first generic model of the Popperian Scientific Method on the web and has several applications to improve crowdsourcing on the web. We use the SCG Design Pattern(SGDP) to study variations of SCG that are useful for learning. SCG is designed to be both educational for scholars, and to solve problems that the students don’t know how to solve yet. Broaden paper: Focus on Call for Papers item: Knowledge, education, and scholarship on and through the web. 1/31/2013
Trade Balance and Oil Shocks in African Oil Exporting Countries

This paper is driven by the vast influence oil money have on the current account balance of major oil producing countries in Africa and the role policy measures could play to soften these effects. Dwelling on the nonlinear techniques, two types of Threshold Regression were used to estimate data on 8 African countries from 1995-2019. The results show evidence of nonlinear impacts of oil revenue on the current account balances of the 8 countries. The nature of the impact relies significantly on the levels of the threshold variable. Precisely, the estimated threshold benchmark for financial development was 33.34; below this threshold the sensitivity of current account balance to crude-oil shocks is higher and the probability of policy measures to mitigate the effects is low and, beyond the threshold the sensitivity of current account balance to crude-oil shocks is low and the probability of policy measure to mitigate the effects is higher. The finding suggested among others that crude-oil shocks is not the primary problem of the current account imbalance of oil-exporting countries rather the nature of the domestic economic policy environment.