Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiphysics Simulation of Nucleation and Grain Growth in Selective Laser Melting of Alloys

Selective laser melting (SLM) builds parts by selectively melting metallic powders layer by layer with a high-energy laser beam. It has a variety of applications in aerospace, medical device, and other low-volume manufacturing. Nevertheless, the lack of fundamental understanding of the process-structure-property relationship for better quality control inhibits wider applications of SLM. Recently, a mesoscale simulation approach, called phase field and thermal lattice Boltzmann method (PF-TLBM), was developed to simulate microstructure evolution of alloys in SLM melt pool with simultaneous consideration of solute transport, heat transfer, phase transition, and latent heat effect. In this paper, a nucleation model is introduced in the PF-TLBM framework to simulate heterogeneous nucleation at the boundary of the melt pool in SLM. A new method is also developed to estimate the thermal flux out of the SLM melt pool model given a constant cooling rate. The effects of latent heat and cooling rate on dendritic morphology and solute distribution are studied. The simulation results of AlSi10Mg alloy suggest that the inclusion of latent heat is necessary because it reveals the details of the formation of secondary arms, reduces the overestimation of microsegregation, and provides more accurate kinetics of dendritic growth. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4046543]
Interactive Effect of Bio-regulators and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria on Yield attributes and Economics of Indian bean (Lablab purpureus L. var. typicus)

Indian bean or Dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L. var. typicus) belongs to the family fabaceae (2n=22). It is a multipurpose crop grown for pulse, vegetable and forage. There are two type of cultivated species of Indian bean viz, Lablab purpureus var. typicus which is vegetable type, cultivated for its soft and edible pods and Lablab purpureus var. lignosus is the field bean, cultivated for dry seeds as pulse. The pods of Indian bean are important source of protein, minerals and dietary fibre. Its mature dark coloured seeds contains trypsin inhibitor, which break down into water soluble cyanogenic.
The Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment between Mobbing and Turnover Intention: An Application on Physical Education and Sports Teachers.

The aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of organizational commitment between mobbing and turnover intention, on physical education and sports teachers. The study included 117 physical education and sports teachers. As the measurement tool, the mobbing scale developed by Yildiz (2019), the organizational commitment scale developed by Allen and Meyer (1990), and the turnover intention scale developed by Landau and Hammer (1986) were used. As a result of the analysis, while mobbing affects organizational commitment significantly and negatively, it has affected turnover intention significantly and positively. It was also observed that organizational commitment has a partial mediating effect between mobbing and turnover intention. Article visualizations:
Similarity, analogy and development in radical exemplar theory: A commentary on Ambridge (2020)

During language acquisition children generalise at multiple layers of granularity. Ambridge argues that abstraction-based accounts suffer from lumping (over-general abstractions) or splitting (over-precise abstractions). Ambridge argues that the only way to overcome this conundrum is in a purely exemplar/analogy-based system in which generalisations are based on similarity to individual exemplars. However, to move our understanding forward, radical exemplar theory must include clearly specified mechanisms for analogy and similarity computation, and must account for changes in children’s generalisations across development.
Evaluating the Effects of Connected Vehicle Weather and Work Zone Warnings on Truck Drivers’ Workload and Distraction using Eye Glance Behavior

This study acts in support of the Wyoming Department of Transport (WYDOT) connected vehicle pilot efforts in the deployment of effective, safe, and user-centered connected vehicle (CV) applications and human machine interface (HMI) displays. This study sought to quantify the workload demands and distraction introduced by the pilot’s spot weather impact warning (SWIW) and work zone warning (WZW) applications on professional truck drivers. Using driving simulator experimentation and eye-tracking technology, the effects of exposure to the CV warnings on the participants’ glance behavior were quantified. The study revealed that the weather notifications did not invoke any notable workload or distraction to the participants. Conversely, the WZWs deteriorated the participants’ roadway scanning behavior and brought about prolonged off-road glances, and therefore could carry adverse safety impacts to drivers in real-life conditions. This was largely attributed to the fact that, unlike the weather notifications, the WZW application appeared to have over-communicated information to the participants during a short time window and under difficult driving conditions and resulted in a relatively cluttered HMI. In light of these findings, WYDOT, the leading pilot stakeholder, is amending the design of the WZW application in such a way that message flow rate is reduced and only necessary information is displayed. All in all, the methodology applied in this study was effective in uncovering the overall effects of exposure to CV warnings and therefore could be useful for evaluating workload and distraction in the context of emergent advanced driver assistance systems.
Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Active Damping Control of DC Microgrids Integrated With Distributed Electric Springs

Series DC electric springs (DCESs) are a state-of-the-art demand-side management (DSM) technology with the capability to reduce energy storage requirements of DC microgrids by manipulating the power of non-critical loads (NCLs). As the stability of DC microgrids is highly prone to dynamic interactions between the system active and passive components, this study intends to conduct a comprehensive small-signal stability analysis of a community DC microgrid integrated with distributed DCESs considering the effect of destabilizing constant power loads (CPLs). For this purpose, after deriving the small-signal model of a DCES-integrated microgrid, the sensitivity of the system dominant frequency modes to variations of various physical and control parameters is evaluated by means of eigenvalue analysis. Next, an active damping control method based on virtual RC parallel impedance is proposed for series DCESs to compensate for their slow dynamic response and to provide a dynamic stabilization function within the microgrid. Furthermore, impedance-based stability analysis is utilized to study the DC microgrid expandability in terms of integration with multiple DCESs. Finally, several case studies are presented to verify analytical findings of the paper and to evaluate the dynamic performance of the DC microgrid.
The Influence of Different Meanings of Money Priming on Consumer’s Comparative Decision-Making

With the development of information dissemination, consumers have access to compare different information before making purchase decisions. The present research explores how money priming affects consumers’ comparative decision-making process. While prior research showed that consumers rely more on alignable than nonalignable attributes when evaluating alternative products, this research builds on the structural alignment model and money priming theory verifies that when the concept of abundant (vs. lack) money is primed, consumers will rely more on the nonalignable (vs. alignable) attributes in the comparative decision-making process (Study 1) and the mediating role of cognitive flexibility (Study 2).
Perception of Natural Hazards in Rural Areas: A Case Study Examination of the Influence of Seasonal Weather

A series of factors affect the social perception of hazards in a rural context. This article analyzes how weather conditions influence farmers’ perceptions of natural hazards. In order to understand the relationship between time of year/season and farmers’ concerns about hazards, this study was undertaken. The methodology was based on surveys done to obtain a base-collection of primary data, as well as a meteorological and production analysis using secondary data. A case study of small coffee farms was carried out in a Brazilian municipality with questionnaires applied during the dry season in 2016 and the rainy season in 2017. The results indicate that drought is the main hazard identified by farmers in both weather seasons. Although there were some changes in perceptions observed, the ranking order of the main hazards did not change over the dry and rainy weather seasons.
Seismicity of the Incoming Plate and Forearc Near the Mariana Trench Recorded by Ocean Bottom Seismographs

Earthquakes near oceanic trenches are important for studying incoming plate bending and updip thrust zone seismogenesis, yet are poorly constrained using seismographs on land. We use an ocean bottom seismograph (OBS) deployment spanning both the incoming Pacific Plate and the forearc to study seismicity near the Mariana Trench. The yearlong deployment in 2012–2013 consisted of 20 broadband OBSs and 5 suspended hydrophones, with an additional 59 short period OBSs and hydrophones recording for 1 month. We locate 1,692 earthquakes using a nonlinear method with a 3D velocity model constructed from active source profiles and surface wave tomography results. Events occurring seaward of the trench occur to depths of ~35 km below the seafloor, and focal mechanisms of the larger events indicate normal faulting corresponding to plate bending. Significant seismicity emerges about 70 km seaward from the trench, and the seismicity rate increases continuously towards the trench, indicating that the largest bending deformation occurs near the trench axis. These plate‐bending earthquakes occur along faults that facilitate the hydration of the subducting plate, and the lateral and depth distribution of earthquakes is consistent with low‐velocity regions imaged in previous studies. The forearc is marked by a heterogeneous distribution of low magnitude (<5 Mw) thrust zone seismicity, possibly due to the rough incoming plate topography and/or serpentinization of the forearc. A sequence of thrust earthquakes occurs at depths ~10 km below seafloor and within 20 km of the trench axis, demonstrating that the megathrust is seismically active nearly to the trench.
Molecular phylogenetic studies within the Xylariaceae based on ribosomal DNA sequences

The Xylariaceae (Xylariales, Ascomycota) are considered one of the largest families of filamentous Ascomycetes. To infer the evolutionary relationships of some genera considered within the Xylariaceae, the 5.8S rRNA gene and ITS2 sequences of 100 isolates covering 15 genera and 62 taxa, were analysed phylogenetically. To obtain an accurate view on the evolutionary relationships of genera within Xylariaceae, four different sequence analysis methods (i.e. Parsimony, Neighbor-joining, Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses) were employed, and a consensus phylogram was obtained to integrate data from all these mentioned approaches. Rates of congruence between topologies of the trees generated were also estimated by different methods. The phylogenetic reconstructions showed a reasonable degree of correlation between the sequence data and the proposed morphological classification schemes only for some genera within the family. The Hypoxylon-related genera included in the study (i.e. Hypoxylon, Annulohypoxylon, Biscogniauxia, Camillea, Creosphaeria, Whalleya and Daldinia) appeared closely related within a large clade in all the trees. Nemania always clusters apart from this clade of Hypoxylon-related genera, often found at the base of the tree. Phylogenetic reconstruction supported a polyphyletic origin for the genera Xylaria and Rosellinia, suggesting that these must be considered as large and complex genera, made up of a mixture of weakly related species. Kretzschmaria and Stilbohypoxylon appeared to be highly related to some Xylaria species. Finally, Entoleuca seems to be closely related to Rosellinia. In summary, this study suggests the need for further revision of the generic concepts and diagnostic characters within the Xylariaceae.
Herbicidal activity of fungal culture filtrates against Chenopodium album L. and Avena fatua L.

Culture filtrates of four Drechslera spp. namely D. hawaiiensis M.B. Ellis, D. holmii (Luttr.) Subramanian and Jain, D. biseptata (Sacc. and Roum.) Richardson and Fraser and D. australiensis (Bugnicourt) Subramanian and Jain. , were evaluated for their herbicidal activity against two cumbersome weeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) namely Chenopodium album L. (dicot) and Avena fatua L. (monocot). Culture filtrates of these fungal species were prepared in M-1-D medium. In in vitro bioassays, the effect of original (100%) and diluted (50%) fungal culture filtrates were investigated in Petri plates against different growth parameters of the two test weed species and a wheat var. Inqlab91. Culture filtrates of all the four Drechslera species appreciably reduced germination as well as root/shoot growth of C. album and A. fatua. All the fungal culture filtrates also suppressed root/shoot growth of wheat; however, the effect was less intense as compared to the effect against the two weed species. In foliar spray bioassays, the effect of original culture filtrates was studied on the growth of 1-week and 2-weeks old weeds and wheat plants. Culture filtrate of D. hawaiiensis significantly reduced the shoot and root biomass of 1-week old plants of C. album. Similarly, the culture filtrates of D. biseptata and D. australiensis significantly suppressed shoot biomass of both 1-week and 2-weeks old A. fatua plants. None of the fungal culture filtrates exhibited significant effect on shoot and root biomass of wheat in foliar spray bioassays.
Local least–squares element differential method for solving heat conduction problems in composite structures

Abstract In this article, a completely new numerical method called the Local Least-Squares Element Differential Method (LSEDM), is proposed for solving general engineering problems governed by second order partial differential equations. The method is a type of strong-form finite element method. In this method, a set of differential formulations of the isoparametric elements with respect to global coordinates are employed to collocate the governing differential equations and Neumann boundary conditions of the considered problem to generate the system of equations for internal nodes and boundary nodes of the collocation element. For each outer boundary or element interface, one equation is generated using the Neumann boundary condition and thus a number of equations can be generated for each node associated with a number of element interfaces. The least-squares technique is used to cast these interface equations into one equation by optimizing the local physical variable at the least-squares formulation. Thus, the solution system has as many equations as the total number of nodes of the present heat conduction problem. The proposed LSEDM can ultimately guarantee the conservativeness of the heat flux across element surfaces and can effectively improve the solution stability of the element differential method in solving problems with hugely different material properties, which is a challenging issue in meshfree methods. Numerical examples on two- and three-dimensional heat conduction problems are given to demonstrate the stability and efficiency of the proposed method.
3D Hessian deconvolution of thick light-sheet z-stacks for high-contrast and high-SNR volumetric imaging

Due to its ability of optical sectioning and low phototoxicity, z-stacking light-sheet microscopy has been the tool of choice for in vivo imaging of the zebrafish brain. To image the zebrafish brain with a large field of view, the thickness of the Gaussian beam inevitably becomes several times greater than the system depth of field (DOF), where the fluorescence distributions outside the DOF will also be collected, blurring the image. In this paper, we propose a 3D deblurring method, aiming to redistribute the measured intensity of each pixel in a light-sheet image to in situ voxels by 3D deconvolution. By introducing a Hessian regularization term to maintain the continuity of the neuron distribution and using a modified stripe-removal algorithm, the reconstructed z-stack images exhibit high contrast and a high signal-to-noise ratio. These performance characteristics can facilitate subsequent processing, such as 3D neuron registration, segmentation, and recognition.
Electromagnetic modelling of multiband frequency reconfigurable antenna for wireless communications

ABSTRACT The present work aims to propose a new formulation by combining the moment method and generalized equivalent circuit's method (MOM-GEC) to study the performance of a frequency reconfigurable antenna commanded by a PIN diode(s) as switching component(s). This method makes it possible to reduce the 3D problems to an alleviate calculation in the discontinuity plane using the admittance operators. The antenna structure is excited by a localized voltage source and the PIN diode is introduced in the mathematical formulation by a surface impedance model. A parametric study is made to achieve a good approximation of PIN diodes longitudinal dimension ensuring the switch operation. Then we focus on the analysis of reconfigurable antennas controlled by one and two PIN diodes. The simulation results are in good agreement with those obtained by software simulation and they show that it is possible to shift the resonant frequency depending on the PIN diode state.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Tituria pyramidata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae) from China

Abstract In this article, the complete mitogenome of Tituria pyramidata Cai, 1993 was sequenced and annotated, which contained 37 typical genes. The length of the mitochondrial genome is 15,331 bp with A + T% for the whole sequence = 75.6% (A = 29%, T = 46.6%, G = 13.7%, and C = 10.6%). Protein-coding genes (PCGs) started with standard start codon ATN (ATA, ATT, ATG, and ATC) and ended with TAR (TAA and TAG), except nad5 started with TTG, cox3 ended with single T. The phylogenetic tree confirms that T. pyramidata was clustered with Ledra auditura with strong branch support.
Have Diminishing Returns Set in? The Efficiency of Indonesian Tax Administration

This article aims to determine whether Indonesia’s tax administration operates at diminishing returns to scale. The neoclassical growth model was employed to measure the tax administration’s Total Factor Productivity (TFP), which may represent the level of efficiency. A low level of TFP could indicate that an organization may be inefficient and thus may operate at diminishing returns to scale. Results show that the TFP of Indonesia’s tax administration is basically nonexistent, and the diminishing returns to scale might have set in its operations. Left unchanged, these conditions may imply some future limits to tax revenue expansions. Simplifying the tax system, changing tax officials’ attitudes toward taxpayers, and improving the information system management and the business practices could be considered to increase the efficiency of tax administration. Maintaining the stability of tax legislations and overcoming organizational path dependencies could also be considered.
Effect of Different Organic Nutrient Sources and Two NPK Rates on the Performance and Nutrient Contents of A Newly Released Cassava Variety

A field experiment was conducted to determine the response of a newly released cassava variety (TMS 98/0510) in Nigeria to three sources of organic manure (poultry waste, pig dung and goat dung at 10 t/ha), two levels inorganic fertilizer (N:P:K 15:15:15 at 200 and 400 kg/ha) and a control treatment. The six treatments were compared in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected on yields and yield related agronomic and morphological traits. Data were also collected on soil nutrient content at planting and the content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the leaf stem and roots. The results showed that the soil used in this experiment was low in organic matter and other nutrients except available P. Inorganic and organic fertilizers significantly increased leaf area, however yield and growth related traits like plant height, number of leaves, stem yield, tuber girth, number of roots and harvest index were not significantly different among the treatments. Contrary to expectations manure and fertilizer treatments did not increase fresh root yield in this cassava variety. They did not also influence the content of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the stem, leaf and root. This response suggests that cassava varieties bred for farmers' conditions in Nigeria, which are inherently low in soil nutrients, may not respond to additional nutrient input. Breeders should therefore select cassava for dual adaptation to low and high nutrient levels in the soil to meet the needs of a wider spectrum of farmers and to justify government and extension support for the use of input by farmers in Nigeria.
Bone Mineral Density and Aortic Calcification: Evidence for a Bone-vascular Axis After Kidney Transplantation

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background. Chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) and vascular calcification are often seen in kidney transplantation recipients (KTR). This study focused on the bone–vascular axis hypothesis, the pathophysiological mechanisms driving both bone loss and vascular calcification, supported by an association between lower bone mineral density (BMD) and higher risk of vascular calcification. Methods. KTR referred for a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry procedure within 6 mo after transplantation were included in a cross-sectional study (2004–2014). Areal BMD was measured at the proximal femur, and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) was quantified (8-points score) from lateral single-energy images of the lumbar spine. Patients were divided into 3 AAC categories (negative-AAC: AAC 0; low-AAC: AAC 1–3; and high-AAC: AAC 4–8). Multivariable-adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were performed to study the association between BMD and AAC. Results. We included 678 KTR (51 ± 13 y old, 58% males), 366 (54%) had BMD disorders, and 266 (39%) had detectable calcification. High-AAC was observed in 9%, 11%, and 25% of KTR with normal BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis, respectively (P < 0.001). Higher BMD (T-score, continuous) was associated with a lower risk of high-AAC (odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.88; P = 0.008), independent of age, sex, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and immunosuppressive therapy. KTR with normal BMD were less likely to have high-AAC (odds ratio 0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.08-0.72; P = 0.01). Conclusions. BMD disorders are highly prevalent in KTR. The independent inverse association between BMD and AAC may provide evidence to point toward the existence, while highlighting the clinical and epidemiological relevance, of a bone–vascular axis after kidney transplantation.