Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model Selection in Unstable Environments

The goal of this paper is to develop formal techniques for analyzing the relative in-sample performance of two competing, misspecified models in the presence of possible data instability. The central idea of our methodology is to propose a measure of the models' local relative performance: the "local Kullback-Leibler Information Criterion" (KLIC), which measures the relative distance or the two (misspecified) likelihoods from the true likelihood at a particular point in time. We then investigate estimation and inference about the local relative KLIC; in particular, we also propose to investigate its stability over time by means of statistical tests. Compared to previous approaches to model selection, which are based on measures of "global performance", our focus is on the entire time path of the models' relative performance, which may contain useful information that is lost when looking for a globally best model. The empirical application provides insights into the time variation in the performance of a representative DSGE model of the European economy relative to that of VARs.
Unscrambling code clones for one-to-one matching of duplicated code

Code clone detection tools find sections of code that are similar. Different tools use different representations of the code and different matching algorithms. This diversity makes clone detection tools attractive for other code matching tasks, particularly where code has been edited or rearranged. However, the tools report on every match found. In some applications we are interested in one-to-one matching, meaning that each section of copied code in one file is matched to just one section of code in the other file. In this report we explore the ways that clones reported by the detection tools can inflate the amount of matching code. We also explain, with the aid of a worked example, our method for unscrambling the output from clone detection tools to approximate one-to-one matching of the code in one file to that in another file.
Implementing the national dance education standards

Chapter 1. Setting the Stage to Use the Standards Framework Chapter 2. Knowing Your Learners Chapter 4. Using Benchmarks and Effective Teaching Strategies Chapter 5. Assessing for Success in Dance Education Chapter 6. Integrating Technology Into Dance Education Chapter 8. Grades Prekindergarten to 2 Chapter 10. Grades 6 to 8.
Understanding Child Language Acquisition

Chapter 1: Introduction to language acquisition Chapter 2: Learning the sounds of the language Chapter 3: Learning words Chapter 4: Learning morphology Chapter 5: Learning syntax Chapter 6: Learning to communicate Chapter 7: Learning more than one language - multilingualism Chapter 8: Explaining individual differences Chapter 9: The search for language universals Index
The Facts on File Companion to 20th-Century American Poetry

The Facts On File Companion to 20th-Century American Poetry is an accessible reference to all aspects of American poetry. This encyclopedic guide includes approximately 650 clearly written A-to-Z entries, ranging in length from 500 to 1,500 words. Entries provide concise, authoritative information on particular poems, poets, and subjects, many of which are studied in high school and college courses. Completely comprehensive, The Facts On File Companion to 20th-Century American Poetry is an indispensable guide to the rich contributions made by American poets to this literary form. Rounding out this reference are helpful appendixes, including a general bibliography and a glossary of poetic terms.
Neural network prediction of load capacity for eccentrically loaded reinforced concrete columns

This paper presents neural networks prediction of load capacity for eccentrically loaded reinforced concrete (RC) columns. The direct modelling of the load capacity of RC columns by means of the finite element method presents several difficulties, mainly in geometry representation and handling of several nonlinearities. Properly trained neural network can provide a useful surrogate model for such columns. The paper discusses architecture and training methods of the both multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and fuzzy weights neural networks (FWNN) for this application. It also presents the performance analysis of the networks trained on data from three independent databases available in the literature.
The Keystone Approach: Integration of Methodology and Technology

The study focused on mathematics skills of elementary and intermediate algebra students and measured their performance ondepartmentallydesignedcommonmidtermandfinalexams� as well as on a national standardized test (COMPASS). An analysis of the data for the period of study shows that students in experimental classes employing the synergistic approach at- tained higher performance outcomes compared with students taught under traditional methods with the use of technology. The higher outcomes in the experimental classes were not achieved with the attrition of weaker students. Moreover, in- vestigating the impact of technology on traditional teaching in elementaryalgebraclasses,�thestudyfoundnosignificantgains� in student learning outcomes in classes incorporating technol- ogy compared to those that did not use technology. In recent years, there has been a vast and growing demand
Designing scheduling algorithms for mitigating shared resource contention in chip multicore processors

Chip multicore processors (CMPs) have become the default architecture for modern desktops and servers alike. CMPs consist of several processing cores on a single die making them ideal for multiprogramming and parallel workloads. The CMP cores, however, are not fully independent processors but rather share certain resources amongst each other. These shared resources can become points of contention for threads on neighboring cores leading to significant and often unpredictable performance impact. We propose a contentionmitigation solution via thread-level scheduling. Based on extensive studies into both the causes of contention as well as techniques to predict contention in CMPs we create an effective contention-mitigation scheduler. We highlight the vast design-space of scheduling algorithms and present a novel tool-set called AKULA for rapidly exploring this search space. We demonstrate the advantage of the AKULA tool-set by using it to prototype several new scheduling algorithms and evaluate their utility.
ELECTRONIC PRODUCT FEATURE-BASED SENTIMENT ANALYSIS USING NU-SVM METHOD

Sentiment in a product online review is useful and influence decision-making a person may take in buying any product as well as that of organization in determining the number of product to produce. In an opinion, reviewer may provide positive and negative reviews at the same time that can be ambiguous. This is because opinion targets are often not the product as a whole; instead they are only part of a product called as feature, which have advantages and disadvantages based on the reviewers point of view. In this paper, the goal is to produce sentiment of a mobile phone opinion based on its feature. Opinion data used in this thesis are in English taken from www.cnet. com. Feature extraction is conducted by searching for phrases that match the dependency relation template, which is followed by feature filtering. The sentiment identification, positive and negative probability value, as well as target class label of the data preparation become the Nu SVM classifier input parameters. In the study of NU SVM, some data are treated as unlabeled data. The evaluation towards sentiment identification obtained from the study shows F1 Measure of 86.25% for positive class and 77.71% for negative class. The accuracy for feature identification, however, is 82%.
A Topics Analysis Model for Health Insurance Claims

A Topics Analysis Model for Health Insurance Claims Jared Webb Department of Mathematics, BYU Master of Science Mathematical probability has a rich theory and powerful applications. Of particular note is the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for sampling from high dimensional distributions that may not admit a naive analysis. We develop the theory of the MCMC method from first principles and prove its relevance. We also define a Bayesian hierarchical model for generating data. By understanding how data are generated we may infer hidden structure about these models. We use a specific MCMC method called a Gibbs’ sampler to discover topic distributions in a hierarchical Bayesian model called Topics Over Time. We propose an innovative use of this model to discover disease and treatment topics in a corpus of health insurance claims data. By representing individuals as mixtures of topics, we are able to consider their future costs on an individual level rather than as part of a large collective.
PALA: The Poetics and

This article shows how the conceptual metaphor ‘life is a journey’ pervades Stephen Dobyns' book of poems Body Traffic (1990) and how within the same scope we can find some related metaphors, such as ‘time moves’, ‘death is rest’ and ‘life is a play’, among others. For this analysis I will use the model created by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) and developed by Lakoff and Turner (1989) for its application to poetic metaphor. The metaphor that gives "body" to the book takes as source domain the concept ‘vehicle’ and as target domain the concept ‘body’. The metaphor ‘the body is a vehicle’ is an extension of the metaphor ‘life is a journey’. Since life is a journey, we need a vehicle to travel through life. This vehicle - usually a car - represents the human body in Dobyns' book. This conceptual contrast can be perceived just by looking at the title of the book Body Traffic.
A Study on University Students' Intention to Use the Digital Museum of Sports Literature

This study adopts the Information Systems Success Model and the Technology Acceptance Model to explore Taiwanese university students’ intention to use the Digital Museum of Sports Literature. The subjects of this study are university, college, and junior-college students in Taiwan. Convenience sampling is used to select 290 students who have used the Digital Museum of Sports Literature as research samples. A total of 270 samples are returned, marking a response rate of 93.1%, among which 250 are valid, marking a valid response rate of 92.6%. The results indicate that: (1) system quality has no significant influence on perceived usefulness; (2) system quality has a significant influence on perceived ease of use; (3) information quality has a significant influence on perceived usefulness; (4) information quality has no significant influence on perceived ease of use; (5) service quality has no significant influence on perceived usefulness; (6) service quality has a significant influence on perceived ease of use; (7) perceived ease of use has a significant influence on perceived usefulness; (8) perceived ease of use has no significant influence on attitude toward use; (9) perceived usefulness has a significant influence on attitude toward use; (10) perceived usefulness has a significant influence on behavioral intention; and (11) attitude toward use has no significant influence on behavioral intention. It is expected that the results of this study will serve as a reference for relevant agencies in the design and management of the Digital Museum of Sports Literature.
Glossing for Improved Comprehension: Progress and Prospect.

Ar ) The terms gloss and.gloesing. are being used to designate and describe the systematic use of marginal ncts and other extra-text notations to direct readers' attention while they read*. Gloss notations may serve as an aid to direct students to content areas of text and to levels of understanding that make optimal use of their current-and sometites limitedreading ability. Since one purpose for using gloss is to encourage development and application /ft of specific comprehension skills and the "general strategies" that efficient readers use in understanding text, it seems appropriate to use ! eliding materials that are designed to teach reading skills and strategies. Three possible times to-introduce gloss activities include (1) the initialer stages of reading instruction, 12} the transition from learning reading skills in a reading class to, appiyin4 them to content area materials, and (3) during remedial instruction. It must be noted that too much gloss may interfere,4th' students' understanding, while too little gloss is' likely to have' no effect at all on their understanding. Also, the stages Of gloss may, be primarily 'reader /text dependent. Ultimately, glosetrig-iiEctlii" to . strengthen studelits, reading comprehension skills and strat'gies, and A means to provide students with the setacognitive knowledge and insights assumed to underlie th ability to control one's own mental activities. -(HOD) ********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made *. from the originardOcument. -****************************************************************4,******* Glossing for Improved Comprehension: Progress and Protpect . Wayne Otto University of Wisconsin-Madison Bernie Hayes Utah State UhiverSity U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTIVITE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it 71fr Minor changes have been made to Improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinions stated4,in this docu merit do not necessarily represent official NIE position or policy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Wayne Otto Bernie Hayes TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)" 4 , As Otto reported at last year's (1980) meeting' of the American Reading Forum, a growing comber of people have been working with a tech-
Smashing the stack for fun and prot

`smash the stack` [C programming] n. On many C implementations it is possible to corrupt the execution stack by writing past the end of an array declared auto in a routine. Code that does this is said to smash the stack, and can cause return from the routine to jump to a random address. This can produce some of the most insidious data-dependent bugs known to mankind. Variants include trash the stack, scribble the stack, mangle the stack; the term mung the stack is not used, as this is never done intentionally. See spam; see also alias bug, fandango on core, memory leak, precedence lossage, overrun screw.
Grid desktop computing for constructive battlefield simulation

It is a fact that gaming technology is a state-of-the-art tool for military training, not only in low level simulations, e.g. flight training simulations, but also for strategic and tactical training. It is also a fact that users of this kind of technologies require increasingly more realistic representations of the real world. This functional reality threatens both hardware and software capabilities, making almost impossible to keep up with the requirements. Many optimizations have been performed over simulation algorithms in order to fulfill these needs; no definitive solution, however, has yet been achieved. The question that arises naturally is, then: Does any generic global solution to the problem of the uneven growth of the computational power requirements with respect to the available capacities exist? This paper presents the problem by describing a real situation, analyzing the Batalla Virtual case of study and, in answering the motivating question, it proposes a potential software architecture employing a grid desktop computing (GDC) framework to empower constructive simulation systems, pulling off an adaptive hardware infrastructure. Additionally, as the constructive simulation scenarios do not fully adapt to the market-available GDC frameworks, the solution recommends suitable modifications to these software. Keyworkds: Grid Desktop Computing; Distributed Computing; Constructive Simulation; Battlefield Simulation.
Clasificacion de documentos basada en la opinion: experimentos con un corpus de cr´iticas de cine en espanol Experiments in sentiment classification of movie reviews in Spanish

Resumen:En losanos se ha producido un creciente interes por el proce- samiento automatico de las opiniones contenidas en documentos de texto, en parte como consecuencia del aumento exponencial de contenidos generados por usuarios en la Web 2.0, y por el interes entre otros de empresas y gobiernos en analizar, filtrar o detectar automaticamente las opiniones vertidas por sus clientes o ciudada- nos. Tomando como punto de partida trabajos de otros autores para el ingles, en el presente art´iculo exponemos los resultados obtenidos en la experimentacion con un clasificador no supervisado de documentos basado en la opinion para el espanol. Pro- ponemos tambien una version supervisada del clasificador que obtiene un resultado sensiblemente mejor. Como paso previo a la experimentacion, y ante la ausencia de recursos en espanol para desarrollar nuestro trabajo, presentamos un corpus de cr´iti- cas de cine en espanol, que ha sido puesto a disposicion de la comunidad cient´ifica. Palabras clave:Clasificacion de documentos basada en la opinion, orientacion semantica, construccion de corpus Abstract:In recent years, automatic processing of opinions in text documents has received a growing interest. Some possible causes are the exponential increase of user- generated contents in Web 2.0, and also the interest of companies and governments in automatically analysing, filtering or detecting opinions from their customers or citizens. On the basis of some similar works in English by other authors, in this paper we expose the results obtained in the experimentation with an unsupervised sentiment classifier for Spanish. We also propose a supervised version of the classifier that shows a significatively better performance. Experiments have been carried out using a corpus that we have extracted from a web of movie reviews in Spanish. We have made this corpus available to the research community. Keywords:Sentiment analysis, sentiment classification, opinion mining, semantic orientation, corpus building
Compiling attention datasets : Developing a method for annotating face datasets with human performance attention labels using crowdsourcing

This essay expands on the problem of human attention detection in computer vision. This is achieved by providing a method for annotating existing face datasets with attention labels through the use of human intelligence. The work described in this essay is justified by a lack of human performance attention datasets and the potential uses of the developed method. Several images of crowds were generated using the Labeled Faces in the Wild dataset of images depicting faces. Thus enabling evaluation of the level of attention of the depicted subjects as part of a crowd. The data collection methodology was carefully designed to maximise reliability and usability of the resulting dataset. The crowd images were evaluated by workers on the crowdsourcing platform CrowdFlower, which yielded human performance attention labels. Analysis of the results showed that the submissions from workers on the crowdsourcing platform displayed a high level of consistency and reliability. Hence, the developed method, although not fully optimised, was deemed to be a valid process for creating a representation of human attention in a dataset.
Parameterization and adaptive search for graph coloring register allocation

Graph coloring register allocators use heuristics for register coalescing and allocation, which are relevant to the number of physical registers that a group of virtual registers will use after allocation. They cannot be determined accurately in allocation, thus we made them tunable by introducing new parameters as the thresholds for coalescing and the thresholds for denning constrained live intervals in simplification. Experiments demonstrated neither the aggressive method nor the conservative method can outperform the other for all tests and the best parameters vary significantly among programs. This parameterization is profitable because the best running time reached by varying the parameters is up to 16% faster than the best of fixed-parameter methods. Hill-climbing and random probe algorithms were used to find good parameters, and the later performed better. Further analysis reveals the search space has many irregular fluctuations that are not suitable for the hill-climber.
Statistical association networks as complex phenotypes : new methods and applications

Recent advances in ’omics technologies and the development of new computational techniques have greatly contributed to the identification of factors influencing the onset and progression of many common diseases. Yet, despite this great success, it is unlikely that the independent analysis of these data will elucidate the complex web of mechanisms involved in disease development. To enhance our knowledge of disease aetiology, new approaches for linking the large amount of available data need to be developed. As a step towards this goal, the aim of this thesis is to investigate and develop novel statistical methods for the integrative analysis of ’omic data. In particular, in this project we analyse genomic and metabolomic data in relation to the health outcomes in three study populations. To investigate how genetic and metabolic variables act as risk factors in the development of complex disorders, we have developed three novel analytical methodologies, namely ’Differential Network’, ’GEMINi: GEnome Metabolome Integrated Network analysis’ and ’Variance and Covariance regression’ and illustrate their use on real data sets. The results demonstrate the applicability of the new methodologies to identify key molecular changes undetectable with standard approaches. The approaches introduce here have the potential of providing insight into the biological basis of phenotypic variation and aid the generation of new hypotheses about molecular control and regulation in the context of systems biology.
The Composition of the TV Picture: Suggested Hypotheses to Test the Forces That Operate within the Television Screen.

This paper suggests specific experimental designs, criteria measures, and testing procedures for the empirical study of various field forces operative in the structure of the television. picture. The purpose of the paper is twofold: first, to illustrate, through selected videotapes, the various field forces and, second, to provide specific hypotheses that will test each of these forces, such as (1) asymmetry of the screen, (2) magnetism 'of the frame, (3) attraction of mass, (4) figure/ground r3lationship, (5) psychological closure, and (6) vectors. The paper refers to empirical studies, now being conducted in the fields of visual communication and behavioral science, that investigate the visual structure and aesthetic effects of the television image. (Author/MAI) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC rakes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC sakes available * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. * *********************************************************************** U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION L W NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION CO THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECELVED FROM r-4 THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY