Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Continuum and Cell-based Models of Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is thought to originate in the epithelial cells that line the colorectal crypt and, in most cases, is associated with a mutation in Wnt-signalling pathway. These mutations cause cells to alter their proliferative behaviour, make their cytoskeleton less deformable and increase their levels of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. In this thesis we develop three different types of models for the proliferation and movement of epithelial cells in a colorectal crypt. We use these models to investigate how changing the cell adhesion, cytoskeleton and proliferation properties of mutant cells affects their ability to establish a mutant population within the crypt. First we develop a continuum model of two cell populations, normal and mutant, using a spatially-varying source term to model Wnt-dependent proliferation and using Darcy's law to describe cell movement down pressure gradients. We distinguish between mutant cells and normal cells by assuming the former have a spatially independent source term, representing proliferation, and a different viscosity to normal cells, to model changes in their cytoskeleton and levels of adhesion. The model is solved analytically by an asymptotic expansion of the variables and numerically using a collocation method. The results show that the ability of mutant cells to remain in the crypt depends on the position of the initial mutation and their viscosity: the further up the crypt a cell suffers a mutation the more rigid and adhesive the cell must be for a mutation to persist. We then consider a discrete cell-centre model based on the work of Meineke et al. (2001). Cell-cell interaction forces are modelled by springs and are balanced by a viscous drag term. Adaptations to Meineke et al. (2001) include unpinning of stem cells from the bottom of the crypt, dependence of cell-drag on cell size, dependence of cell-cell interaction forces on their area of contact and the inclusion of mutant cells. Using agile software engineering techniques, the software environment, CHASTE, is developed and used to solve the model numerically and to reproduce experimental findings such as crypt homoeostasis and monoclonality. The results again reveal that increasing the drag on the mutant cells increases the likelihood of a mutant population establishing itself within the crypt. The third approach is a discrete cell-vertex model. The model decouples cell-cell adhesion forces from cell deformation forces and movement is determined by a free-energy gradient balanced by a viscous drag term. Numerical simulations show that the model can generate similar results to the cell-centre model, and reveal that increased cell-cell adhesion of the mutant cells increases the likelihood of the mutant population invading the crypt. Finally the three models are compared in terms of their suitability for modelling epithelial tissue.
Design and control of amphibious robots with multiple degrees of freedom

This thesis presents the design and realization of two generations of robot elements that can be assembled together to construct amphibious mobile robots. These elements, designed to be individually waterproof and having their own battery, motor controller, and motor, have been used to actually construct a snake, a boxfish and a salamander robot. Central pattern generator (CPG) models inspired from those found in vertebrates have been used for online trajectory generation on these robots and implemented on their onboard locomotion controllers. CPGs proved to be an interesting way of controlling complex robots, providing a simple interface which hides the complexity of the robot to the end user. Online learning algorithms that can be used to dynamically adapt the locomotion parameters to the environment have been implemented. Finally, this work also shows how robotics can be a useful tool to verify biological hypotheses. For instance, the salamander robot has been used to test a model of CPG for salamander locomotion.
Movie Success Prediction

The film business is a billion-dollar business, and extensive measure of data identified with motion pictures is accessible over the web. In this system we are analyzing the dataset for predicting the success of the movies. For doing this the analysis of the dataset is done in which the chronicled information of every segment, for example, actor, actress, director, music that impacts the achievement or disappointment of a motion picture is given weight age and after that dependent on different parameters we are predicting whether the movie will be a flop, average or superhit. Certain algorithms are used that can help to predict whether the movies will be a flop, average, or superhit. In this model we focus on the attribute selection for predicting success of the movies. A comparative analysis is to be performed so as to find the accurate results among the algorithms used. Few parameters that are important for predicting success of a movie are gross, genres, release date, star powers of actors, actress, directors, and budget etc. In the dataset there are 28 parameters. The task is to find out most relevant parameters. This will be achieved by Feature selection method as shown in figure 1. Feature selection method is present in “sklearn” library of python. Feature selection method includes Decision trees, information gain, gain ratio. Generating heatmap to visualize success of movie in different regions. Various graphs are generated between time vs algorithms and accuracy vs algorithms for analysis.
Biomechanics of Distance Running.

Biomechanics of Distance Running is exclusively devoted to the scientific study of distance running mechanics. This volume should be an essential reference for sport biomechanists, exercise scientists, and elite track coaches. Thirteen chapters include information on: upper body function, rearfoot motion, skeletal accelerations, ground reaction forces, and gender effects in distance running. This book also features a historical review of the study of mechanics of distance running covering almost 2,500 years.
Seeing Us in Them

2012 US Group Empathy Pilot Study, 102 overview, 15, 266 2013/14 US Group Empathy Two-Wave Study overview, 14, 267 ethnocentrism measure, 267 first administration of fourteen-item Group Empathy Index, 44 “Flying While Arab” experiment (second wave), 96 immigrant detention experiment (second wave), 114 origins of group empathy (first wave), 17 socio-demographic contexts, life experiences and group empathy (first wave), 72 vignettes for airline passengers and undocumented immigrant detainees, 62 2015 US Group Empathy Study, 15 overview, 268 Interpersonal Reactivity Index, 80, 268 compared to Group Empathy Index empathic concern scale, 269 perspective taking scale, 268 Mechanical Turk (MTurk) surveys, 15 2016 US Group Empathy TESS Study overview, 15, 269 foreign policy opinion and group empathy, 15 humanitarian crisis vignette as experimental treatment, 15 2018 ANES Pilot Study, 18, 56, 168 overview, 16, 271 inclusion of racial resentment scale, 169–70 opinions about Trump administration’s family separation policy, 175 opinions about Trump’s border wall, 171 reliability and validity of Group Empathy Index, 52 social desirability and four-item Group Empathy Index, 43 See also 2018 US Group Empathy Study; Group Empathy Index, compared to racial resentment scale. 2018 British Election Study overview, 16, 269 authoritarianism measure, 270 comparison of individual empathy and group empathy, 56, 81 inclusion of four-itemGroup Empathy Index, 52, 56, 217 individual empathy measure, 270 perceptions of discrimination and group empathy, 223 2018 US Group Empathy Study overview, 16, 271 compared to 2018 ANES Pilot Study, 169 ingroup identification and outgroup empathy, 17 measures included in, 82, 169 support for Black Lives Matter movement and group empathy, 194 Trump administration policies and group empathy, 18, 168 2020 US Group Empathy Study, 262, 266 overview, 16, 272
Prediction of the failure mechanism of arches under base motion using DEM based on the NSCD method

1 Graduate student, University of Oxford, Dept. of Engineering Science, alejandra.albuerne@eng.ox. ac.uk 2 Professor of Structural Engineering, University of Oxford, Dept. of Engineering Science, martin.williams@eng.ox. ac.uk 3 Student, University of Oxford, Dept. of Engineering Science, victoria.lawson@keble.ox. ac.uk Prediction of the failure mechanism of arches under base motion using DEM based on the NSCD method
Investigation and Application of Microscale Semiconductor Lasers and Cavities

As optical, active, semiconductor devices are miniaturized to the wavelength scale, many applications of cavities, lasers, and detectors become possible. In order to make such devices useful in real-world applications one must first understand how these devices behave when they are reduced in size and what technological barriers must be overcome. In this dissertation several thrusts are presented toward the investigation and application of microscale active semiconductor cavities. Work is divided into four thrusts: fluid sensing based on surface sensitive quantum cascade lasers, hybridization of surface plasmon modes and waveguide modes as well as lasing in near-infrared subwavelength microdisks, quantum dot based cavities for strong coupling, and nascent work on optomechanical tuning of active cavities. In all four thrusts design and fabrication techniques are used to overcome challenges and capitalize on reduced scale. Progress in fabrication, design, and testing of surface sensitive quantum cascade lasers is presented. Work focuses on increasing surface sensitivity by modifying the metal contacts on top of active material originally intended to be used with a surface plasmon waveguide. An experiment where isopropyl and ethyl alcohol is differentiated based on laser behavior is carried out. Work toward integration of semiconductor lasers with fluidic delivery systems is explored. Work then turns to the intimate and advantageous inclusion of metal into subwavelength strained quantum well microdisk lasers in the near-infrared. Optical and thermal characteristics are simulated. Hybridization of surface plasmon mode and waveguide whispering-gallery modes is simulated and experimentally verified. Lasing behavior of such small devices is investigated. In parallel, work toward improving the probability of achieving a strongly coupled quantum dot microdisk cavity system is carried out. Improvements in fabrication techniques and potential metal integration makes this project a natural extension of the subwavelength microdisk laser project. Finally, a new project is discussed where the above projects are combined with investigation of optomechanical systems currently ongoing in our lab. Work toward the combination of active optical cavities with optomechanical devices will lead to wide band wavelength tuning functionality.
Analog parameters of short-channel SOI MOSFETs

The parameters of SOI devices for digital applications are well known (saturation current, subthreshold swing, transconductance, etc.). Different parameters are relevant, however, for analog applications. These parameters are the g/sub m//I/sub D/ ratio, the Early voltage, the dc gain, and the gain/spl times/bandwidth product. This paper describes the evolution of these parameters in short-channel SOI devices.
Towards a goal-oriented taxonomy for crowdsourcing initiatives

Crowdsourcing (CS) is an emerging concept and better understanding and analysis of the requirements, mechanisms and critical factors of CS initiatives are needed for both academics and practitioners. With this in mind, we designed a goal-oriented taxonomy of CS grounded in existing literature and aiming at the identification of classes of CS initiatives in terms of goals, task and crowd. This taxonomy was applied to a set of 130 CS initiatives. Using cluster analysis techniques, this dataset was divided in 6 classes of CS initiatives. This paper provides valuable contributions such as the taxonomy of CS initiatives, the types of CS initiatives and the validation through replication of previous research.
A Fully woven touchpad sensor based on soft capacitor fibers

A novel, highly flexible capacitor fiber (with 100 nF m −1 typical capacitance per length) having a multilayer periodic structure of dielectric and conductive polymer composite films is fabricated by drawing technique. The fiber is used to build a touchpad sensor. Then, we study the influence of the fiber length, capacitance and volume resistivity on the touch sensing performance. A theoretical ladder network model of a fiber network is developed. A fully woven textile sample incorporating one-dimension array of the capacitor fibers is fabricated. Finally we show that such an array functions as a two-dimensional touch sensor.
What are the secrets of successful process modelling? Insights from an Australian case study

Contemporary management and IT concepts emphasize the importance of process-oriented management concepts as a business paradigm. While there has been much research and publications on alternative process modelling techniques and tools, little attention has focused on post-hoc evaluation of actual process modelling activities or on deriving comprehensive guidelines on 'how-to' conduct process modelling effectively. This study aims at addressing this gap, and reports on a detailed case study conducted at a leading Australian organisation, with the aim of building a process modelling success model.
3D RANS Simulations for Transport Aircraft High Lift Configurations

Computations of lift and drag polars for a transport aircraft wing/fuselage high lift configuration using the MEGAFLOW code system are carried out and compared to windtunnel experiments. The main emphasis is laid on a comparison of the block-structured and the unstructured code modules for such type of application. For the block-structured FLOWer code in combination with a k-w turbulence model the numerical results are in good agreement with the available experimental data in the linear CL range. Beyond 150 incidence a strong separation near the flap cut-out is simulated, leading to an underprediction of total lift near CL, max compared to the experimental data. In contrast to this, the results ofthe unstructured TAU code utilizing the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model are characterized by a nearly constant lift overestimation up to maximum lift without the aforementioned separation tendency at moderate incidences. The lift overprediction in the unstructured results is attributed to the main wing and the slat upperside suction peaks, which are higher resolved by the unstructured grid. Neither code reproduces the lift breakdown beyond CL, max according to the experiments. The use of preconditioning in conjunction with the FLOWer code shows only minor improvement of the accuracy, but considerable deterioration of the convergence properties, requiring improvements for routine use. Further studies will focus on the influence of geometry simplifications at the wing root in the theoretical models and its impact on the experimental evidence.
Absorber and resistor contribution in the GTEM-cell

The GTEM-cell is described. The influence of absorbers and resistors is shown. The SWR and return loss as well as time domain measurements were performed on the GTEM-cell as well as on GTEM-cell without resistors, absorbers, and with open and metal end. The obtained data was, compared and the conclusion drawn. The GTEM-cell was modeled with the FEM method as well.
The Relationships between Work Team Strategic Intent and Work Team Performance

Abstract : Teams can be a significant resource to business leaders and can help lead to greater program successes. Little empirical data exist on what strategic characteristics make teams more effective. This study was conducted on 57 student project teams in 12 classes (327 respondents) in a Defense Acquisition University (DAU) executive level, six- week program management class in six different locations. The study not only underscores the significance of team focus on performance but also highlights how team characteristics affect team focus and performance. The results of this study have applications to the successful use of project teams throughout the DoD and in the commercial industrial workplace.
Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests

Foreword by Kent Beck "The authors of this book have led a revolution in the craft of programming by controlling the environment in which software grows. --Ward Cunningham At last, a book suffused with code that exposes the deep symbiosis between TDD and OOD. This one's a keeper. --Robert C. Martin If you want to be an expert in the state of the art in TDD, you need to understand the ideas in this book. --Michael Feathers Test-Driven Development (TDD) is now an established technique for delivering better software faster. TDD is based on a simple idea: Write tests for your code before you write the code itself. However, this "simple" idea takes skill and judgment to do well. Now there's a practical guide to TDD that takes you beyond the basic concepts. Drawing on a decade of experience building real-world systems, two TDD pioneers show how to let tests guide your development and grow software that is coherent, reliable, and maintainable. Steve Freeman and Nat Pryce describe the processes they use, the design principles they strive to achieve, and some of the tools that help them get the job done. Through an extended worked example, youll learn how TDD works at multiple levels, using tests to drive the features and the object-oriented structure of the code, and using Mock Objects to discover and then describe relationships between objects. Along the way, the book systematically addresses challenges that development teams encounter with TDD--from integrating TDD into your processes to testing your most difficult features. Coverage includes Implementing TDD effectively: getting started, and maintaining your momentum throughout the project Creating cleaner, more expressive, more sustainable code Using tests to stay relentlessly focused on sustaining quality Understanding how TDD, Mock Objects, and Object-Oriented Design come together in the context of a real software development project Using Mock Objects to guide object-oriented designs Succeeding where TDD is difficult: managing complex test data, and testing persistence and concurrency
Hydrologic modelling to assess the climate change impacts in a Southern Ontario watershed

In Southern Ontario, the Canard River watershed is the largest subwatershed of the Detroit River watershed on the Canadian side. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was implemented in the Canard River Watershed to understand the hydrologic regime and assess the impacts of potential future climate change on the hydrology of the watershed. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated against observed streamflow data. The Nash-Suttcliffe efficiencies of the model for monthly streamflow predictions were 0.81 and 0.83, respectively, during the calibration and validation periods. The LARS-WG, weather generator was employed to generate daily future weather data at local scale using the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM) outputs under SRES A2 scenario for the years 2041 to 2070. It was found from the model results that the average annual streamflow could be increased by 12% compared to that over the base period from 1961 to 1990. The results also indicated that streamflow would be increased signifi.
Channel capacity of two-antenna BLAST architecture

The channel capacity of the Bell Labs layered space-time (BLAST) communication architecture is substantially larger than that of traditional systems in certain applications. However, the correlation between individual channels may severely degrade the BLAST performance. An investigation is presented into the BLAST architecture and a simple formula derived for its channel capacity as a function of the correlation coefficient. This gives a simple method of estimating BLAST performance in realistic environments.
Compilation of the Dielectric Properties of Body Tissues at RF and Microwave Frequencies.

Abstract : Knowledge of the dielectric properties of biological materials is of importance in solving electromagnetic interaction problems. There is, as yet, no consensus on such data among scientists dealing with these issues. This project is geared towards producing a database of dielectric data based on measurements using recently developed techniques. This has been achieved through measurement over a wide frequency range. The new data were evaluated by comparison with corresponding data from the literature where available. To facilitate the incorporation of the dielectric data in numerical solutions, their frequency dependence was modelled to a spectrum characterised by 4 dispersion regions. The conductivity of tissues below 100 Hz was estimated from the recent measurements mitigated by data from the literature and used to estimate the body and of various body parts.
CO-OFDM Elastic Optical Networks - Issues on Transmission, Routing, and Bandwidth Allocation

The use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology helps an optical transmission system to break the limitation of wavelength grids by wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), in which a flexible and elastic transmission paradigm is created, so as to achieve better energy and spectrum efficiency and flexibility of the fiber resource. By jointly considering the nonlinear effect of Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, we first provide an analytical model on the bit error rate (BER) performance for a single elastic optical transmission line. A novel adaptive transmission strategy in OFDM-based elastic optical transmission systems is proposed. Based on the adaptive transmission strategy, an optimization problem is formulated and solved via mathematical programming. By using proposed adaptive transmission strategy, the routing and bandwidth allocation (RBA) problem is formulated in elastic optical networks and numerically solved to route a set of lightpaths into a network according to the static or dynamic traffic demands with the best energy efficiency, where the laser transmit power, modulation level, number of subcarriers, and routing path of each node pair, are jointly determined. Case studies via extensive numerical experiments are conducted to verify the proposed strategy and gain better understanding on the solutions of formulated optimization problem. By further extending proposed adaptive transmission strategy, we propose a novel adaptive radio-over-fiber (RoF) transmission system for next-generation cloud radio access network (C-RAN). By considering nonlinear distortion from both MZM and high power amplifier (HPA), a 2×2 MIMO-OFDM baseband model for simulating the required ESNR of end-to-end RoF transmission system is developed. The RoF system for current C-RAN and proposed RoF system for future C-RAN are presented. We also propose a model to analyze the power consumption for the optical part of RoF transmission system. By performing case studies, proposed RoF system is demonstrated to be more energy efficient than current RoF system.