Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model-Based Design of Dependable Systems: Limitations and Evolution of Analysis and Veriﬁcation Approaches

—Designing a dependable system successfully is a challenging issue that is an ongoing research subject in the literature. Different approaches have been adopted to analyse and verify the dependability of a system design. This process is far from obvious and often hampered due to the limitations of the classical dependability analysis and veriﬁcation approaches. This paper provides an overview of model-based dependability analysis, design and veriﬁcation approaches. Firstly, model-based analysis approaches are grouped by the limitations of the classical approaches. Secondly, design approaches have been classiﬁed looking at their underlying recovery strategies: hardware replication and hardware reuse. Then, the ins and outs of model-based veriﬁcation approaches are identiﬁed starting from fault injection approaches towards their evolution into model-based integrative approaches. Finally, a model-based hybrid design process is presented making use of the reviewed analysis, design and veriﬁcation approaches.
Title : The neural mechanisms of audiotactile binding depend on asynchrony Running title : Neural mechanisms of audiotactile binding

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/EJN.14928 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved DR. JOHANNA MARGARETE ZUMER (Orcid ID : 0000-0003-0419-3869)
Line-CNN: End-to-End Traffic Line Detection With Line Proposal Unit

The task of traffic line detection is a fundamental yet challenging problem. Previous approaches usually conduct traffic line detection via a two-stage way, namely the line segment detection followed by a segment clustering, which is very likely to ignore the global semantic information of an entire line. To address the problem, we propose an end-to-end system called Line-CNN (L-CNN), in which the key component is a novel line proposal unit (LPU). The LPU utilizes line proposals as references to locate accurate traffic curves, which forces the system to learn the global feature representation of the entire traffic lines. We benchmark the proposed L-CNN on two public datasets including MIKKI and TuSimple, and the results suggest that L-CNN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. In addition, L-CNN can run at approximately 30 f/s on a Titan X GPU, which indicates the practicability and effectiveness of L-CNN for real-time intelligent self-driving systems.
Vitamin B-12 Concentrations in Breast Milk Are Low and Are Not Associated with Reported Household Hunger, Recent Animal-Source Food, or Vitamin B-12 Intake in Women in Rural Kenya 1–4

Background: Breast milk vitamin B-12 concentration may be inadequate in regions in which animal-source food consumption is low or infrequent. Vitamin B-12 deﬁciency causes megaloblastic anemia and impairs growth and development in children. Objective: We measured vitamin B-12 in breast milk and examined its associations with household hunger, recent animal-source food consumption, and vitamin B-12 intake. Methods: In a cross-sectional substudy nested within a cluster-randomized trial assessing water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition interventions in Kenya, we sampled 286 women 1–6 mo postpartum. Mothers hand-expressed breast milk 1 min into a feeding after 90 min observed nonbreastfeeding. The Household Hunger Scale was used to measure hunger, food intake in the previous week was measured with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and vitamin B-12 intake was estimated by using 24-h dietary recall. An animal-source food score was based on 10 items from the FFQ (range: 0–70). concentration was measured with the use of a solid-phase competitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay and was modeled with linear regression. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for correlated observations at the cluster level. Results: Median (IQR) vitamin B-12 intake was 1.5 m g/d (0.3, 9.7 m g/d), and 60% of women consumed <2.4 m g/d, the estimated average requirement during lactation. Median (IQR) breast milk vitamin B-12 concentration was 113 pmol/L (61, 199 pmol/L); 89% had concentrations <310 pmol/L, the estimated adequate concentration. Moderate or severe hunger prevalence was 27%; the animal-source food score ranged from 0 to 30 item-d/wk. Hunger and recent animal-source food and vitamin B-12 intake were not associated with breast milk vitamin B-12 concentrations. Maternal age was negatively associated with breast milk vitamin B-12 concentrations. Conclusion: Most lactating Kenyan women consumed less than the estimated average requirement of vitamin B-12 and had low breast milk vitamin B-12 concentrations. We recommend interventions that improve vitamin B-12 intake in lactating Kenyan women to foster maternal health and child development. The main trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01704105. J Nutr 2016;146:1125–31.
How to find a metapopulation 1

: Where habitat loss and fragmentation is severe, many native species are likely to have reduced levels of dispersal between remnant populations. For those species to avoid regional extinction in fragmented landscapes, they must undergo some kind of metapopulation dynamics so that local extinctions are countered by recolonisation. The importance of spatial dynamics for regional survival means that research into metapopulation dynamics is essential. In this review I explore the approaches taken to examine metapopulation dynamics, highlight the analytical methods used to get the most information out of field data, and discover some of the major research gaps. Statistical models, including Hanski’s INCIDENCE FUNCTION model (IFM) are frequently applied to presence–absence data, an approach that is often strengthened using long-term data sets that document extinctions and colonisations. Recent developments are making the IFM more biologically realistic and expanding the range of situations for which the model is relevant. Although accurate predictions using the IFM seem unlikely, it may be useful for ranking management decisions. A key weakness of presence–absence modelling is that the mechanisms underlying spatial dynamics remain inferential, so combining modelling approaches with detailed demographic research is warranted. For species where very large data sets cannot be obtained to facilitate statistical modelling, a demographic approach alone or with stochastic modelling may be the only viable research angle to take. Dispersal is a central process in metapopulation dynamics. Research combining mark–recapture or telemetry methods with model-selection procedures demonstrate that dispersal is frequently oversimplified in conceptual and statistical metapopulation models. Dispersal models like the island model that underlies classic metapopulation theory do not approximate the behaviour of real species in fragmented landscapes. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain if additional biological realism will improve predictions of statistical metapopulation models. Genetic methods can give better estimates of dispersal than direct methods and take less effort, so they should be routinely explored alongside direct ecological methods. Recent development of metacommunity theory (communities connected by dispersal) emphasises a range of mechanisms that complement metapopulation theory. Taking both theories into account will enhance interpretation of field data. The extent of metapopulation dynamics in human
Single Image Haze Removal using Weighted Guided Image Filter

Haze removal is the process of converting hazy image into a haze free image. The transmission map for a haze image is estimated based on edge preserving decomposition technique. The weighted guided image filter is introduced by adding edge aware weighting to guided image filter. The minimal color channel and dark channel of the haze image is computed. Using the weighted guided image filter the dark channel of a haze image is decomposed into base layer and detail layer. From the base layer the transmission map is estimated. The transmission map is used to restore the haze free image. Keywords— single image haze removal, edge preserving smoothing, weighted guided image filter, dark channel, minimal color channel.
Characteristic Differences, Determined By Tat Sequential Analysis, between Teachers Rated By their Pupils At the Extremes in Teaching Efficiency

This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact ecommons@luc.edu. Bay, Wisconsin, where she completed her elementary and secondary education Sister wrote her Master's thesis on "Teacher Participation in Catholic School Administration," parts ot which were published under the same , ACKNOWLEOOMENTS The author wishes to express her gratitude to the members of Loyola's Education and Psychology Departments for the encouraging help they so consistently extended; particularly to Dr. Magda B. Arnold for her patient guidance in ~T analysis. Very special thanks are due to the generous School Sisters of Notre Dame, over three hundred strong, who so graciously allowed themselves to be rated and tested in the interests of Virtus et Bcientia.
Geoscience education using virtual worlds

Virtual Worlds are immersive environments enabling situated and constructivist learning, where the learner is inside a computer-simulated environment. Here, activities and experiences can take place using different didactic approaches, engaging the students and enhancing the learning process. This paper describes design and experimental results of three-dimensional immersive virtual environments dedicated to geosciences teaching at school for 12–19-year-old students. The aim of the project was to test the educational effectiveness of the virtual worlds to foster knowledge acquisition and increase students’ interest in geosciences. A 3D virtual environment dedicated to geosci-ence topics was developed where students and science teachers were invited to visit paths on volcanoes, earthquakes, rocks, water and other themes relevant for the school curriculum, in a highly interactive mode, useful to engage digital-native students. Results revealed the high potential for this approach in geoscience education. The virtual environment was especially useful during the COVID-19 lockdown, when it was impossible to carry out laboratory classes and field trips. Les mondes virtuels sont des environne-ments immersifs permettant un apprent-issage en situation et un apprentissage constructiviste, où l'apprenant se trouve dans un environnement virtuel simulé par ordinateur. Dans cet environnement, des activités et des expériences ont lieu en uti-lisant différentes approches didactiques, engageant les étudiants et améliorant le processus d'apprentissage.
Shape and Weight Concerns in Middle-Aged Women and the Relationship with Negative Affect and Education

Essver-halten bei Frauen über 40 Jahren wurden, neben sozio-ökonomischen Variablen, die figur- und gewichtsbezogenen Sorgen der Teilnehmerinnen mittels einer validierten deutschen Version des «Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire» (EDE-Q) erfasst. Zusätzlich wurde eine deutsche Version des «Brief Symptom Inventory» (BSI) eingesetzt. In die Datenanalyse wurden die Ergebnisse von 550 Frauen im Alter von 40–65 Jahren einbezogen. Ergebnisse: Depressivität, Ängstlichkeit und Zwanghaftigkeit korrelieren positiv mit figur- und gewichtsbezogenen Sorgen. Bei Frauen mit einem niedrigeren Bildungsniveau war der Zusammenhang zwischen Depressivität und figur-und gewichtsbezogenen Sorgen höher als bei Frauen mit einem höheren Bildungsniveau. Berechnungen anhand li-nearer Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass Depressivität und Zwanghaftigkeit die stärksten Prädiktoren für figur-und essensbezogene Sorgen für beide Bildungsgruppen waren. Diskussion: Wenngleich die Ergebnisse dieser Studie bei gesunden Frauen im mittleren Lebensalter erho-ben wurden, gibt der beobachtete Zusammenhang zwischen negativer Affektivität, figur- und gewichtsbezogenen Sorgen und Bildung Hinweise auf eine Frühindikation bzw. Prävention von Essstörungen.
A PKI Based Secure Audit Web Server

For many applications, access control and other business related information of all user transactions should be kept in secure log files for intrusion and misuse detection or system audit purposes. Because the log files may be stored on or moved to an untrusted machine and may attract attackers because of the large amounts of potentially sensitive information contained in them, we would like to guarantee that in the event an attacker gains access to this machine, we can limit his ability to corrupt the log files and we are able to detect any compromises afterwards. We also may want to ensure that he can gain little or no information from the log files. In this paper we propose a secure audit web service (SAWS) which can provide a secure audit trail service for multiple clients. The secure audit trail generated by SAWS can be stored on any untrusted machine and it is impossible to be modified or destroyed without detection, and its integrity can be validated by any client. Optionally, the audit file can be encrypted, making it impossible for unauthorised parties to read its contents.
Linear analysis of a physically based model of a distributed surface runoff system

As part of a model for the rainfall-run-off relation of a catchment, a linear distributed model of surface run-off is presented in this report. This model, without internal boundary conditions, consists of a cascade of linear conceptual elements. It simulates the complex drainage system by a network of overland flow and channel-flow elements. These elements obey the one-dimensional equations for unsteady flow in a channel. Simplification and linearisation of the dynamic equations lead to diffusion type equations. Their solution for suitable boundary conditions yield the impulse response functions, which characterize the operation of the elements. Special attention is given to the application of the techniques of linear system analysis, such as moments and spectra. These techniques produce information on the relative importance of the various conceptual elements. Consequently it is possible to decide on the necessary detail in the variation in time and space of both the inflow and structure of the drainage model. Results obtained by using the linear model have been compared with results of a more exact non-linear model and have been encouraging. At the end some practical applications have been given.
Evaluation of the Prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Its Association with Worry in Students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences

Background and Objective: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorder, characterized by excessive worry and anxiety about different daily events and activities. The disorder causes severe problems in the academic and career performance of individuals. However, students are more prone to the damages of the disorder due to environmental and educational pressure. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of GAD and its association with worry in students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional research was performed on 350 students (66.2% female) in the academic year of 2018-2019, selected by the availability sampling method. Data were collected using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) to determine the level of worry and prevalence of GAD in the participants. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 25 using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: In this study, 20.6% of the participants met the criteria for GAD diagnosis. Also, the GAD prevalence was higher in female students, compared
Folk medicine: Is the solution or problem? Increased of Langerhans Cells in Smokeless Tobacco-Associated Oral Mucosal Lesions Clinical

Aim: A variety of traditional first aid methods in the treatment of burns have been developed. These treatment modalities can bring unusual medical issues. We present a traditional burns first aid method ‘shoe polish applying’ for scald burns. Methods: 5 patients (Male: 3, Female: 2), who applied shoe polish to burns due to scald burns, were admitted to our burn centre between 2002 and 2015. The mean age was 29.8 (range: 20 -53). Olive oil impregnated gauzes were applied to facilitate removing the paint at the night before the operation. Mechanical debridement by using Versajet (Smith & Nephew, London,UK) was performed while patients were under general anesthesia. Results: The shoe polish was removed from all of the patients. Burned areas healed after appropriate dressings and no skin graft application was needed. Conclusion: The Versajet Hydrosurgery System and olive oil or other oily substances usage has strong effects on the treatment. Permanent black tattoos can occur in the later stages, if patients do not take proper treatment. Abstract Objective: To evaluate the changes in the number of Langerhans Cells (LC) observed in the epithelium of smokeless tobacco (SLT-induced) lesions. Methods: Microscopic sections from biopsies carried out in the buccal mucosa of twenty patients, who were chronic users of smokeless tobacco (SLT), were utilized. For the control group, twenty non-SLT users of SLT with normal mucosa were selected. The sections were studied with routine coloring and were immunostained for S-100, CD1a, Ki-67 and p63. These data were statistically analyzed by the Student’s t-test to investigate the differences in the expression of immune markers in normal mucosa and in SLT-induced leukoplakia lesions. Results: There was a significant difference in the immunolabeling of all markers between normal mucosa and SLT-induced lesions (p<0.001). The leukoplakia lesions in chronic SLT users demonstrated a significant increase in the number of Langerhans cells and in the absence of epithelial dysplasia. Conclusion: The increase in the number of these cells represents the initial stage of leukoplakia.
The Effect of E-Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction and the Moderating Role of Gender: Banking Sector Trincomalee, Sri Lanka

— Usage of Mobile banking services increases rapid as possible all over the world and also it intends to enhance the quality of banking transaction. But people around Sri Lanka still reluctant to use mobile banking services instead of traditional banking modes. This study attempts to investigate impact of E-service quality and interaction effect of gender on customer satisfaction from mobile banking services. Although there were lots of researches had been conducted related to the Moderating role of gender in the relationship between E-Service quality and customer satisfaction in foreign countries, the researches relating to Sri Lanka particularly to Trincomalee district are limited. So, it is needed to find out the moderating role of gender in the relationship of E-service quality and customer satisfaction in Trincomalee. Therefore, Convenient sampling and self-administered questionnaires were used to collect responses from one hundred eighty-nine sample from Trincomalee district, Sri Lanka were collected and investigated thoroughly. Perceived Ease of use and Perceived usefulness has been regarded as the dimensions which determines E-Service quality (Davis, 1989). To identify the level, relationship, impact and the moderation effect Mean scores, Pearson correlation co- efficient, Regression Analysis and Process v3.4 by Andrew F. Hayes were used respectively. This study concluded that there is a strong positive relationship and the impact on customer satisfaction due to the e-service quality. But the moderating role of gender tend to become insignificant. Thereby it can be concluded that banking strategies need not to be focused separately on each gender instead whole respondents can be viewed as a whole without any gender-based groups. But improving E-Service quality will have significant positive impact on customer satisfaction on mobile banking services
Trust Model for File Sharing in Cloud Computing

—The recent advances in cloud computing have risen a number of unforeseen security related issues in different aspects of cloud environments. Among these, the problem of guaranteeing secure access to computing resources in the cloud is gathering special attention. In this paper, we address open issues related to trust in cloud environments proposing a new trust model for cloud computing which considers a higher level view cloud resources. A simulation of trust calculation between the nodes of the clouds is performed. The simulation was possible to verify that a node is reliable when it reaches the minimum index of trust.
The Structural Multiple and Information Satisfied Mixture of XML

: Perhaps the order of the most relevant results for the question and return to the most common form of XML query processing. To solve this problem, we first propose an elegant query release framework that supports approximate XML data queries. The solutions that underpin this framework are not forced to strictly conform to the specified query format, but may be based on attributes that cannot be inferred in the original query. However, the current proposals do not take sufficient account of structures, nor do they have the power to combine structures and content neatly to answer relaxation questions. Within our solution we divide nodes into two groups: categorization attribute contracts and statistical attribute nodes. We continue to use a comprehensive set of experience to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach in terms of accuracy and the restoration of benchmarks. In practical applications, it is often impossible to query XML data because the hierarchical structure of XML documents can be heterogeneous, so any misunderstanding of the document structure can certainly increase the risk of formulating unsatisfactory queries. This is really difficult, especially given the fact that such queries lead to empty solutions, although there are no translation errors. In addition, we propose an evidence-based acyclic graph that generates and regulates the relaxation of the structure and develops an inefficient assessment coefficient to evaluate the relationship of structure similarity. We are therefore developing a new top-to-search approach that can intelligently create promising solutions in a ranking-related order.