Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of paternal reproductive tactic and rearing environment on juvenile variation in growth as mediated through aggression and foraging behaviours of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

In species with indeterminate growth, differential growth rates can lead to animals adopting alternative reproductive tactics such as sneak–guard phenotypes, which is partially predicted by variation in growth during the juvenile life-history stage. To investigate sources of growth variation, we examined the independent and joint effects of paternal reproductive tactic (G) and rearing environment (E) on juvenile growth in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), hypothesizing G and E effects are partially mediated through differences in behaviour such as aggressive interactions and resulting foraging behaviours. We created maternal half-sibling families with one-half of the female's eggs fertilized by the milt of a sneaker “jack” and the other half by a guarder “hooknose”. At the exogenous feeding stage, each split-clutch family was then divided again and reared in a rationed diet or growth-promotion diet environment for approximately 6 months, during which growth parameters were measured. Before saltwater transfer at 9 months of age, social interactions were observed in groups of six fish of various competitor origins. We found ration restricts growth rate and juvenile mass, and evidence of genetic effects on growth depensation, where jack-sired individuals grew less uniformly over time. These growth-related differences influenced an individual's level of aggression, with individuals raised on a restricted diet and those whose families experienced greatest growth being most aggressive. These individuals were more likely to feed than not and feed most often. Jack-sired individuals were additionally aggressive in the absence of food, and when raised on a rationed diet outcompeted others to feed most. These results show how individuals may achieve higher growth rates via intrinsic (G) or induced (E) aggressive behavioural phenotypes, and eventually attain the threshold body size necessary during the saltwater phase to precociously sexually mature and adopt alternative reproductive phenotypes.
Chance-Constrained Peer-to-Peer Joint Energy and Reserve Market Considering Renewable Generation Uncertainty

Due to the fast development of distributed energy resources and demand-side response management, agents in electricity markets are becoming more proactive, which boosts the development of peer-to-peer (P2P) market mechanisms. However, to our knowledge, none of the existing works considers clearing both energy and reserve via a P2P market mechanism in order to compensate for the uncertainty originating from renewable generation and allocate the reserve cost induced by uncertainty fairly. In this article, a novel P2P joint energy and reserve market is proposed, where each agent can negotiate with neighboring agents to determine the quantities and prices of traded energy and reserve. We model the renewable generation uncertainty by versatile distribution and determine the required reserve based on a chance-constrained optimization approach. Then, a fully decentralized P2P market based on consensus alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) theory is proposed. In addition, to further lower the social cost, we exploit the correlation and complementarity among uncertainties and design a renewable community-based market, where all renewable agents share uncertainty information to community manager for calculating total required reserve. Finally, simulation results show the convergence performance, fairness and scalability of our market mechanism.
Transition Rather than Balance: Organizing Constraints for Collective Creativity in Pharmaceutical Development

When it comes to organizing for collective creativity, management scholars typically advise balancing between constraint and freedom. However, this suggestion to balance is often too enigmatic in practice, neglects the dynamics inherent in creative processes, and predominantly highlights the inhibiting aspects of constraints. Thus, the present article aims to rethink this balancing proposition by asking how constraints unfold during collective creative processes. Based on four cases of pharmaceutical development, it illustrates how collective creativity is enabled by constraints from two distinct sources, namely restraint and contingency. The article further shows how and why these constraint sources alternate along the development trajectory. While constraints can enable collective creativity, phases of constraint transition are eventually necessary to revitalize the development process. Building upon these findings, the article concludes that organizing constraints for collective creativity is a matter of transition rather than balance.
Sex differences in somatotrope response to fasting: biphasic responses in male mice.

Anterior pituitary somatotropes are important metabolic sensors responding to leptin by secreting growth hormone (GH). However, reduced leptin signals caused by fasting have not always correlated with reduced serum GH. Reports show that fasting may stimulate or reduce GH secretion, depending on the species. Mechanisms underlying these distinct somatotrope responses to fasting remain unknown. To define the somatotrope response to decreased leptin signaling we examined markers of somatotrope function over different time periods of fasting. Male and mice were fasted for 24 and 48 h, with female mice fasted for 24 h compared to fed ad libitum controls. Body weight and serum glucose were reduced in both males and females, but, unexpectedly, serum leptin was reduced only in males. Furthermore, in males serum GH levels showed a biphasic response with significant reductions at 24 h followed by a significant rise at 48 h, which coincided with the rise in serum ghrelin levels. In contrast, females showed an increase in serum GH at 24. We then explored mechanisms underlying the differential somatotrope responses seen in males and observed that pituitary levels of Gh mRNA increased, with no distinction between acute and prolonged fasting. By contrast, the Ghrhr mRNA (encoding GH releasing hormone receptor) and the Ghsr mRNA (encoding the ghrelin receptor) were both greatly increased at prolonged fasting times coincident with increased serum GH. These findings show sex differences in the somatotrope and adipocyte responses to fasting and support an adaptive role for somatotropes in males in response to multiple metabolic signals.
Food hardness and stone tool weight in wild primate nut-cracking

This study presents data on average stone tool weights and the hardness of foods processed by the three known stone-tool-using primate species: Burmese long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis aurea), bearded capuchins (Sapajus libidinosus) and Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). Each of these primates uses stone hammers to crack open nuts in the wild, making them suitable for inter-species behavioural comparison. This work draws on published results to identify a distinct difference in the tool weight/food hardness curve between chimpanzees and the two monkey taxa, with the latter reaching an asymptote in mean tool weight of just over 1 kg regardless of increasing food hardness. In contrast, chimpanzees rapidly increase their tool weight in response to increasing hardness, selecting average masses over 5 kg to process the hardest nuts. Species overlap in their preference for tools of 0.8-1 kg for opening foods of hardness 2-3 kN, suggesting that this conjunction may represent a primate stone-tool-use optimum.
Modeling the static and dynamic characteristics of a wind turbine airfoil and validation with experimental data

Dynamic stall modeling remains one of the most difficult topic in wind turbine aerodynamics despite its long research effort in the past. In the present studies, comprehensive investigations involving CFD, engineering models and experimental data were performed within the joint collaborative work DSWind. Both static and dynamic characteristics of a pitching wind turbine airfoil under a turbulent boundary layer flow were considered. The results indicate that optimized time-accurate CFD calculations can serve as reference data for verifying the engineering models, which can be potentially used for tuning the models under different air flow conditions.
EFFECTS OF MARKETING MIX ON STUDENTS’ SELECTION OF TRANSNATIONAL TOP-UP DEGREES IN HONG KONG

With fierce competition in transnational higher education (TNHE), marketing mix strategies should be adopted to attract students to study the transnational top-up degrees offered in Hong Kong. This research investigates the effects of service marketing mix on students’ selection of transnational top-up degrees offered in Hong Kong. Understanding the perceptions of Hong Kong students can help institutions make informed decisions on what is important to students when delivering TNHE in Hong Kong. Institutions can formulate strategic plans and allocate appropriate resources to solicit right partners and recruit target students. Quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted in this research. The results reveal ‘Qualifications are recognized in Hong Kong’ is the most important factor that influences students’ selection of transnational top-up degrees offered in Hong Kong. Recommendations are made for senior management of TNHE to design effective marketing mix strategies in Hong Kong.
Circadian Clock's Cancer Connections

The circadian molecular clock regulates and coordinates cellular metabolism with the organism's daily feeding and fasting cycle. Disruption of circadian rhythm, such as through jet lag or shift work, appears to heighten cancer risk in humans and accelerates tumorigenesis in animal models. The mammalian clock is a circuitry of transcription factors anchored by BMAL1-CLOCK, which drives diurnal oscillation of metabolic gene expression. The clock is independent of the cell cycle, but they can couple to coordinate normal cell proliferation. Expression of components of the clock, BMAL1 and PER2, appears decreased in human cancers. PER2 promotes p53 function, while BMAL1 expression is suppressed by MYC, linking key oncogenic drivers to the circadian clock. This review provides an overview of the clock, its regulation of metabolism, the connection to cancer shown in studies spanning from human epidemiology to cell biology, and the therapeutic implications of the circadian rhythm.
DB-Net: Dual Attention Network with Bilinear Pooling for Fire-Smoke Image Classification

In recent years, with the help of deep learning, image classification has been significantly improved. More and more researchers are seeking fire alarm solutions based on these artificial intelligence algorithms. However, this raises new challenges in an effective method of classification for fire-smoke images. In this paper, we propose a Dual Attention Network with Bilinear Pooling of three steps to accomplish the task of fire-smoke classification. We first extract features of fire pictures or smoke ones by using ResNet-50 as a basic net. Then we attach two kinds of attention modules, channel attention and spatial attention, which are called dual attention, to extract key information ‘what’ and ‘where’ from pictures. Finally, we merge them by using the bilinear pooling module which has been shown to be effective at improving our classification rate. Results show that our most accurate model can reach 90.11% per-image accuracy, which is improved by 4.81% compared to the traditional ResNet-50.
Professional Psychological Profile of a Modern Patrol Officer as the Basis of Efficient Official Activities

1 Doctor of psychological sciences, professor, Professor, Chief Researcher, State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, barkoua@ukr.net, orcid.org/0000-00034962-0975 2 Doctor in law, professor, Professor of the Department of Legal Psychology, National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine, ivango-07@ukr.net, orcid.org/0000-0002-8813-5107 3 Doctor of psychological sciences, professor, Professor of the Department of Legal Psychology, National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine, praktpsych@ukr.net, orcid.org/0000-00030737-1560 4 Candidate of psychological sciences, Associate professor of the Department of State Security of the Kiev Faculty, National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, vaginalena@gmail.com, orcid.org/00000002-8934-4752 5 Candidate in law, Research officer at the Research Laboratory, National Academy of Internal Affairs, Kyiv, Ukraine, svetlanka-07@ukr.net, orcid.org/00000002-9013-9780 Abstract: In today’s conditions of reforming the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine, it becomes relevant to study the psychological aspects of the professional activities of the National Police officers in the context of the fulfillment of their professional duties. The task of improving the psychological support of patrol police units is of particular importance. The aim of the study is to develop and substantiate the professional psychological profile of a modern patrol officer. On the basis of an empirical study, in which 290 police officers of the National Police of Ukraine participated, the main components of the psychogram of a patrol officer, which form a generalized professional psychological profile of a modern police officer, were identified. Having applied theoretical and empirical methods (the analysis and generalization of scientific literature, observation, questioning, psychological diagnostics, expert interrogation, mathematical statistics, and experiment), the theoretical principles of studying the professional activity of patrol officers, the requirements for their knowledge, skills and individual psychological characteristics were outlined. A number of valid multifactorial psychodiagnostic techniques were applied, in particular, in order to study the level and structure of intelligence; to explore creativity; to investigate the features of nervous processes; to identify the character and temperamental features; to study the features of interpersonal interaction. The study determined a list of professionally important qualities that are required for mastering the profession of a patrol officer, as well as psychological contraindications to acquiring this profession.
Tapering, Tree Rings and Biomass Production of Pinus roxburghii (Sarg.): A Dendrochronological Study

Distinguishable annual growth rings produce in Pinus roxburghii are an asset to find out the age of individual tree. This paper aimed to determine the age of P. roxburghii through coring samples and test the relationship with forest production. The biomass estimated, girths measured at two different sections and heights measured which allowed to determine the rate of tapering of the stand. The regression analysis was performed to test the relationship between various variables. The mean age of the P. roxburghii stand was found to be 23.97 (~24 years). The result showed the significant (p<0.05) positive correlation coefficient has been seen between age with girth at breast height, biomass, volume and carbon stock. However, no significant (p>0.05) correlation (r = 0.08) was found between age and height of the stand. In contrast, a correlation between diameter at breast height (DBH) was significant (p<0.05) and positive with volume, biomass, but no significant (p>0.05) correlation (r = 0.14) found between DBH and height of the stand. However, height has a significant (p<0.05) positive correlation with biomass. The mean biomass was 375 kg and mean annual increment (MAI) was 15 kg per tree. Rate of tapering of the studied stand predicted to be 3 cm diameter decreased with trunk height running at 100 cm from base to upward of P. roxburghii stand and vice versa. Result suggests that height-age relation is very weak whereas age, DBH, biomass and carbon has a significant correlation signifies that time-based forests' production and potential production estimation can be obtained in a relatively accurate way by utilizing the age of stand. The time-based forest production analysis is pioneer work in Nepal. The study affirms the tree ring count in P. roxburghii would be a credible and accurate method to determine the age of standing trees.
Behavior Systems Approach to Object Play: Stone Handling Repertoire as a Measure of Propensity for Complex Foraging and Percussive Tool Use in the Genus Macaca

Stone handling (SH), has been identified in four closely related primate species of the Macaca genus. We provide the first ethogram of SH in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), a primate species known to use stones for extractive foraging. A total of 62.7 hrs of video recorded data were scored from a population of Balinese long-tailed macaques living in Ubud, Bali, Indonesia, and a total of 36 stone handling patterns were identified. Behavior discovery curves were generated and showed that the minimum threshold of completeness was exceeded for the SH repertoire in this group. A “foraging substitute” hypothesis for the expression of SH was proposed, suggesting that SH consists of performing foraging-like actions on non-edible objects. We used a “behavior systems” framework to test this prediction, finding that all 36 stone handling patterns could be reliably categorized in a foraging behavior system, supporting the hypothesis that stone handling can be considered pseudo-foraging behavior. Our “behavior systems” approach will serve as a foundation for the future testing of the motivational basis of stone handling. Additionally, a comparison of 39 stone handling patterns performed by three macaque species (M. fascicularis, M. fuscata and M. mulatta) showed overlapping behavioral propensities to manipulate stones; however, the differences suggest that long-tailed macaques might be more prone to use stones as percussive tools in a foraging context. This work could offer insights into the development and evolution of complex activities such as percussive stone tool use in early humans.
Nascent Flux Rope Observations at Earth's Dayside Magnetopause

Two THEMIS satellites, separated by only 0.38 Earth radii (RE), traversed two consecutive dayside magnetopause (MP) current sheets at 3.5 < ZGSM < 3.8 RE on 15 November 2010. An early‐stage crater‐like flux transfer event (FTE) with weakly enhanced total pressure is sampled at the first, complete outbound MP crossing. A mature FTE flux rope is observed just 70 s later across the second, inbound crossing of the MP current sheet. Two counterstreaming magnetosheath ion beams at the interface of two converging reconnection exhausts earthward of the MP current sheet provide direct evidence of two X‐lines across the early‐stage crater FTE. A D‐shaped ion beam observed along the southward magnetic field in the magnetosheath boundary layer and northward exhausts observed earthward of the MP provide evidence of two X‐lines across the mature FTE flux rope. Tripolar out‐of‐plane magnetic field perturbations (ΔBM) of substantial magnitudes were sampled across the MP current sheet in both stages of the FTE flux rope evolution. These dayside observations suggest an association between a tripolar ΔBM perturbation with two magnetic reconnection X‐lines and FTE flux rope formation. A dedicated particle‐in‐cell numerical simulation of magnetic reconnection reproduces similar ion velocity distributions and out‐of‐plane magnetic field perturbations at an asymmetric current sheet as those observed across a nascent flux rope between two X‐lines at the dayside asymmetric MP.
The Impacts of Oil Price and Exchange Rate on Vietnamese Stock Market

This study aims to investigate the effect of oil price and exchange rate on the two Vietnamese stock market indices: VN index and HXN index. This study uses the daily data from August 1st 2000 to October 25th 2019 of the two Vietnamese stock indices: VN index and HNX index, the two oil price indices: BRENT and WTI, and the two exchange rates: US dollar to Vietnamese dong and Euro to Vietnamese dong. Due to the presence of heteroskedasticity in our data, we use GARCH (1,1) regression model to perform our analysis. Our findings show that the oil price has a significant positive effect on the two Vietnamese stock market indices. In terms of the stock index volatility, both the VN index and HNX index volatilities are negatively impacted by the return of oil price. While the conclusion about the impact of oil price remained consistent through all three robustness tests, the effect of exchange rate on Vietnamese stock market indices is not consistent. We find thatchanges of the USD/VND exchange rate significantly impact the return and volatility of HNX index only in GARCH (1,1) setting. Our analysis also survives a number of robustness tests.
Flavonoid interaction with chitosan: planning active packing with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity

Active packaging is a packaging system that has incorporated additives and that interact directly with the food in order to prolong its quality and its useful life. Due to the bioindecomposability and toxicity of synthetic polymers and additives, the search for natural substances, which present more suitable characteristics for the production of active packages, such as chitosan, which is a naturally occurring polymer and flavonoids, increase, because they have low toxicity and activities antioxidant and antimicrobial. The purpose of this study to perform the interaction of flavonoids quercetin, rutin, quercitrin and artemetin with chitosan by molecular docking, aiming at the planning of new biodegradable and non-toxic active films. The molecular docking study was performed using Autodock 4.0. The three-dimensional structure of the chitosan was obtained through the PolySac3DB bank, while the flavonoid structures were acquired through PubChem. The results showed that the flavonoids quercetin, quercitrin and artemetin interacted attractively with chitosan. Quercetin was the flavonoid that interacted more stable, with an energy expenditure of -3.61 kcal / mol. The rutin was the only flavonoid, among those involved in the study, that did not interact attractively with chitosan, as its binding energy was 0.49 kcal / mol. It is observed that the interaction of rutin with chitosan is impaired due to its high level of torsion. It was observed that the flavonoids targets of this study, with the exception of rutin, interacted attractively with chitosan, suggesting that they are good candidates for additives for the production of active films.
Delayed Graft Function and Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplant Patients with Positive Panel-Reactive Antibody and Negative Donor-Specific Antibodies

Background: Delayed graft function (DGF) and acute rejection (AR) are common complications in kidney transplant patients. Objectives: The study evaluated DGF and AR in highly sensitized patients and their effects on kidney function for six months post-transplantation. Methods: We enrolled 95 patients with kidney transplants from living donors who were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 47 highly sensitized patients with panel reactive antibody (PRA) < 20.0% and negative donor-specific antigen, and group 2 included 48 patients with negative PRA. All patients were followed for the state of DGF, AR, and kidney function for six months. Results: Group 1 showed a significantly higher proportion of DGF and AR than group 2 (27.7% versus 2.1%, P < 0.001 and 14.9% versus 2.1%, P = 0.031, respectively). The rates of positive PRA in DGF and AR patients were significantly higher than those in non-DGF and non-AR patients (92.9% versus 42.0%, P < 0.001 and 87.5% versus 46.0%, P = 0.031, respectively). Transplanted kidney function was significantly worse in patients with PRA and DGF and/or AR than in patients with negative PRA and non-DGF and non-AR only in the seventh-day post-transplantation. Conclusions: Kidney transplant in highly sensitized patients with positive PRA was related to the increased ratio of DGF and AR.