Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Path Planning on Large Curvature Roads Using Driver-Vehicle-Road System Based on the Kinematic Vehicle Model

Path planning is a critical part for improving the driving safety and driver comfort of autonomous vehicles (AVs), especially in complex maneuvering conditions. In addition, different drivers have different preferences for AVs, thus, how to provide personalized trajectories for different drivers is a vital issue for AVs. The collision-free path planning problem in conditions with large road curvatures is investigated in this paper, with the consideration of environmental safety constraints, drivers’ comfort, vehicle actuator constraints, etc. Firstly, a Driver-Vehicle-Road (DVR) system is established based on the combination of the kinematic vehicle model and the two-point visual preview driver model, such that the driver's individual handling characteristics can be considered in the controller. The kinematic vehicle model is modified to have the similar understeering characteristics with those of the nonlinear full car models, and then the proposed DVR system can satisfy different groups of drivers and cars. Secondly, for environmental constraints, a new artificial potential field (APF) method is proposed, which can form a banana-shaped 3-D dangerous imaginary mountain and a lane boundary cliff suitable for arbitrary curvature roads to generate a collision-free evasive path. Finally, the Linear-Time-Varying (LTV) model predictive control (MPC) method is adopted to design the path planner. The CarSim-Simulink joint simulation illustrates that with the proposed planner, the host vehicle is capable of avoiding obstacles with a safer and more comfortable maneuver on large curvature roads. And the proposed path planner can provide individually safe trajectories for different drivers with good maneuverability.
Single phase three-level power factor correction circuit with passive lossless snubber

Multilevel conversion techniques, power factor correction (PFC) techniques and soft switching techniques are the three research hot points of power electronics. The paper proposes a single phase three-level PFC circuit with passive lossless snubbers which embodies these trends. Firstly, the three-level buck and boost topologies are derived from one bridge leg of the traditional diode clamped three-level inverters. Then, a single phase three-level PFC circuit is presented based on the three-level boost topology, and the principle and implementation approaches of the three-level PFC circuit are described. To realize the soft switching of the main switches and freewheeling diodes, two passive lossless snubber cells are added to the circuit. The operating principle and design considerations of the new circuit are discussed in detail. Finally, a 2 kW prototype of the single phase three-level PFC with the passive lossless snubber is built and tested. The simulated and experimental results indicate that the proposed circuit can realize the function of three-level PFC, increase system efficiency and have no over-voltage stresses on main power switches. Moreover, the power factor of the proposed circuit with the passive lossless snubber is higher than that of the circuit without the snubber.
How to handle a delayed or missed dose of edoxaban in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation? A model‐informed remedial strategy

Edoxaban is a non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) widely used for the long‐term prevention of stroke in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Adherence to NOAC therapy has been unsatisfactory and decreases over time. Remedial strategies are currently used to address the non‐adherence events. Current recommendations, however, are generic and not well supported by evidence. The aim of this study was to explore appropriate remedial dosing regimens for non‐adherent edoxaban‐treated NVAF patients through Monte Carlo simulation.
Surface‐mount WWAN monopole slot antenna for mobile handset

A surface‐mount monopole slot antenna with a small volume of 13 × 28.5 × 2.2 mm3 for penta‐band wireless wide area network operation in the mobile handset is presented.The antenna is to be surface‐mounted at a rectangular notch of size 13 × 28.5 mm2 near the bottom edge of the system ground plane. When surface‐mounted, the antenna is closely integrated with surrounding system ground plane on the main circuit board of the handset. The antenna can provide two wide operating bands of 824–960 and 1710–2170 MHz to respectively cover the GSM850/900 and GSM1800/1900/UMTS operations. The surface‐mount antenna mainly comprises a monopole slot of width 4 mm and length 50 mm, which is bent to have a compact size and is fed by a microstrip feedline. Both the monopole slot and microstrip feedline are printed on two opposite surfaces of a dielectric substrate, which is bent into an inverted‐U shape for surface‐mounting on the circuit board of the handset. Details of the proposed antenna are described, and results of the antenna including its specific absorption rate values are presented and discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26096
The Influence of Socio-Emotional Wealth on the Speed of the Export Development Proces in Family and Non-Family Firms

This paper proposes that family firms do not necessarily internationalize less than non-family businesses, but rather, they do it more slowly. Lower speed of internationalization process of family business (measured by the speed of the export development process) is a consequence of the role of the socio-emotional wealth (SEW) in these firms. SEW operates through three different mechanisms: (1) long-term orientation, (2) risk avoidance, and (3) lack of resources to be independent. The empirical research, based on a panel of more than a thousand Spanish manufacturing firms along nine years (2006-2014), supports the hypothesis proposed, independently of firm’s previous size, age, and export commitment level.
Structural, spectral elucidation, wavefunctional properties, natural bond orbitals, and molecular docking analysis of synthesized 1-phenyl-3(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenone: protease kinase inhibitor

Abstract In this present work, structural, spectral, and electronic properties of newly synthesized 1-phenyl-3(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenone compounds are examined by making the use of the density functional theory Gaussian 16 W tool. Optimized structural parameters, topological properties (Electron localization function and Localized orbital locators) are investigated in the aqueous phase. Experimental spectroscopic (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy) investigation and quantum chemical analysis are performed on the title compound. Non-covalent interaction analysis is performed in different solutions. Bandgap energies are calculated from molecular orbital energies in various solvent atmospheres. Electrophilic site strength of headline compound is identified and analyzed from molecular electrostatic potential surface and Mulliken atomic charges analysis in different polar and non-polar liquids. Experimental and theoretical chemical shift values are recorded and predicted in a nonpolar solvent by Nuclear magnetic resonance spectral investigation. Hyperconjucative interactions are studied from the natural bond orbitals method. Drug likeness and mol inspiration properties are calculated. Moreover, a Molecular docking study is performed with breast cancer and anti-malarial receptors.
Celebrating Diversity, Welcoming the World: Developing Chinese Webpage at Rutgers University Libraries

Growing out of a recent project to create multilingual online Welcome pages at Rutgers University Libraries, this paper describes the project, from its origin to the public release of the first group of webpages, with a special emphasis on the development of the Chinese document. To provide a theoretical background, existing library science studies of international students are reviewed selectively. A number of relevant linguistic and technological issues encountered in the project are discussed in detail, which may be helpful to librarians undertaking similar projects. As the trend of multiculturalism and internationalization continues in the U.S. higher education institutions and academic libraries, this project can be considered as a new way to provide practical help to international students and scholars, as well as a significant step forward to engage local and global communities.
Design and characterization of a 120-GHz millimeter-wave antenna for integrated photonic transmitters

We developed a planar slot antenna on an Si substrate for a photonic >100-GHz millimeter-wave (MMW) transmitter. We designed the antenna by using three-dimensional electromagnetic-field simulators and characterized its performance by using an optoelectronic network analyzer. The transmitter uses a very fast photodiode with high output power. Using these photonic techniques, we succeeded in building this compact photonic transmitter that emits MMWs with a power of >0.2 mW at a frequency of 120 GHz.
A fully differential CMOS transconductance-transimpedance wideband amplifier

A high-speed wideband amplifier using a transconductance-transimpedance circuit technique is presented. The proposed circuit configuration results in more reliable performances than are typically obtained from designs using conventional pole-zero, cancellation or peaking technique. With a 0.8 /spl mu/m, double poly, double metal, n-well CMOS technology and single 5-V power supply, the prelayout simulation of this amplifier shows a -3 dB frequency of 300 MHz with a voltage gain of 14 dB when the loading capacitance is 1.5 pF. >
A shearing-wave generator for operation in deep bore holes

An oscillation generator is developed for the German geological research project KTB (continental deep drilling). The purpose is to explore the structure of the lithosphere by shearing waves. Some technical demands are similar to the requirements of industrial servo drives: true running without cogging torques, run-up without rotor position sensor, and torque detection from the cable terminals. Supplying the machine and measuring the data through a thin and long cable impose additional problems that must be solved. The investigations show that a permanent-magnet synchronous machine is appropriate for producing shearing waves at the bottom of a deep bore hole. The restricted transmittable power makes a separate run-up motor necessary operating at a fifth of the generator frequency. The operation program, the sensorless run-up process, and the torque determination from the cable terminals are controlled by a microprocessor. >
A taxonomy for construction terms in privatized‐infrastructure finance: supporting semantic exchange of project risk information

There is an increasing need for effective flow of information between the various participants in privatized infrastructure projects particularly between construction companies and financial institutions. A taxonomy is developed for relevant concepts in the domain of privatized‐infrastructure finance. The taxonomy is an attempt to create information interoperability between the construction and financial industries. The taxonomy models the concepts of a privatized‐infrastructure finance into six main domains: processes, products, projects, actors, resources and technical topics (technical details and basic concepts). The taxonomy was designed to be consistent with Open Financial Exchange (OFX). It was developed through the analysis of 10 case studies and involvement in project development and interaction with industry experts. The taxonomy was validated through interviews with domain experts, and through the analysis of two independent case studies. A prototypical semantic web‐based portal for communicating project risks was developed to in order to illustrate the use of the taxonomy. Project partners are able to post and view risk items and their status in this portal, observe who is handling them, be aware of what decisions have been made to manage them and what lessons learned are available to address these risks.
Preparation and Properties of Biodegradable Polyurethane Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

3D porous scaffolds were produced by a combined salt leaching-phase inverse technique. Results showed that micorpores and macropores distributed in the produced scaffolds with high porosity (more than 75%). The interconnectivity can be influenced by the use of methanol and water as a nonsolvent to induce liquidliquid phase separation. The addition of the nonsolvent and NaCl had influence on compression property of the scaffolds.
An Introduction to PVDF Nanofibers Properties, and Ways to Improve Them, and Reviewing Output Enhancing Methods for PVDF Nanofibers Nanogenerators

PVDF has special piezo/pyro/ferroelectric, flexibility, low weight, biocompatibility, economical, good chemical/thermal, and high mechanical properties such as excellent nontoxic fiber/film formation. It has polar and nonpolar phases of α, β, γ, ε, and δ that the nonpolar α phase is the most stable one, but the β phase is the best of all because it has good piezo/pyro/ferroelectric properties. Copolymers are attractive because of their low weight, nontoxic, chemical acid resistance, flexibility, and ease of processing. These aspects result in their applications in many fields. They are used for piezoelectric nanogenerators, cooling/heating sensors, electronic devices (fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries (as separators), dye sensitive solar cells), filtration, oil/water separation, and photoelectric nanodevices. This review highlights the main aspects of the last decade's articles, and the focus is on the synthesis methods of PVDF nanofibers and their properties which results in their application in different fields of industry and especially focuses on finding ways to increase the output of PVDF nanofibers nanogenerators (weight/acoustic pressure nanogenerators
A comprehensive review of standards and best practices for utility grid integration with electric vehicle charging stations

The present work presents a comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art bibliographical review of standards related to utility grid integration and best practices of the electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. The presence of a robust tuning method is essential for successful utility grid integration with the charging stations. The lack of system standardization may hamper the EV uptake as well as successful utility grid integration with the charging stations. The distributed energy resources (DER) and vehicle to grid (V2G) are going to play a vital role in the power system operation and control. The applicability of criterions within the utility grid integration with charging station area is important to the grid operators, charging service providers, manufacturers, fleet operators, and so forth to ensure safety, dependability, and interoperability. Hence, this work tries to deliver a comprehensive and systematic review of standards and best practices for utility grid interaction with charging stations. It will help the specialists of power as well as transport sectors to track down every one of the norms and best practices, which are accessible at one stage to compare different guidelines.
A PCC-Ensemble-TCN model for wind turbine icing detection using class-imbalanced and label-missing SCADA data

Blade icing problems are ubiquitous for wind turbines located in cold climate zones. Data-driven indirect icing detection methods based on supervisory control and data acquisition system have shown strong potential recently. However, the supervisory control and data acquisition data is annotated through manual observation, which will cause the data between normal condition and icing condition to be unlabeled. In addition, the amount of normal data is far more than icing data. The above two issues restrict the performance of most current data-driven models. In order to solve the label missing problem, this article proposes a Pearson correlation coefficient–based algorithm for measuring the degree of blade icing, which calculates the similarity between the unlabeled data and the icing data as its label. Aiming at the class-imbalance problem, this article constructs multiple class-balanced subsets from the original dataset by under-sampling the normal data. Temporal convolutional networks are trained to extract features and make predictions on each subset. The final prediction result is obtained by ensembling the prediction results of all temporal convolutional network models. The proposed model is validated using the actual supervisory control and data acquisition data collected from a wind farm in northern China, and the results indicate that ensuring the consecutiveness and class-balance of the data are quite advantageous for improving the detection accuracy.
Investigating stability and tunability of quantum dot transport in silicon MOSFETs via the application of electrical stress

In this work, we experimentally investigate the impact of electrical stress on the tunability of single hole transport properties within a p-type silicon MOSFET at a temperature of T = 2 K. This is achieved by monitoring Coulomb-blockade from three disorder based quantum dots at the channel-oxide interface, which are known to lack tunability as a result of their stochastic origin. Our findings indicate that when applying gate biases between −4 V and −4.6 V, nearby charge trapping enhances Coulomb-blockade leading to a stronger quantum dot confinement that can be reversed to the initial device condition after performing a thermal cycle reset. Re-applying stress then gives rise to a predictable response from reproducible changes in the quantum dot charging characteristics with consistent charging energy increases of up to ≈50% being observed. We reach a threshold above gate biases of −4.6 V, where the performance and stability become reduced due to device degradation occurring as a product of large-scale trap generation. The results not only suggest stress as an effective technique to enhance and reset charging properties but also offer insight on how standard industrial silicon devices can be harnessed for single charge transport applications.
The Forecasting of the Elevator Traffic Flow Time Series Based on ARIMA and GP

As one of the conventional statistical methods, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model has been one of the most widely used linear models in time series forecasting. However, the ARIMA model cannot easily capture the nonlinear patterns. Artificial neural network (ANN) can be utilized to construct more accurate forecasting model than ARIMA for nonlinear time series, but it is difficult to explain the meaning of the hidden layers of ANN and it does not produce a mathematical equation. In this study, by combining ARIMA with genetic programming (GP), a hybrid forecasting model will be used for elevator traffic flow time series which can improve the accuracy both the GP and the ARIMA forecasting models separately. At last, simulations are adopted to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed ARIMA-GP forecasting model.
Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging in rat kidney using two‐dimensional navigated, interleaved echo‐planar imaging at 7.0 T

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of two‐dimensional (2D) navigated, interleaved multishot echo‐planar imaging (EPI) to enhance kidney diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in rats at 7.0 T. Fully sampled interleaved four‐shot EPI with 2D navigators was tailored for kidney DWI (Sprague–Dawley rats, n = 7) on a 7.0‐T small bore preclinical scanner. The image quality of four‐shot EPI was compared with T2‐weighted rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) (reference) and single‐shot EPI (ss‐EPI) without and with parallel imaging (PI). The contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) was examined to assess the image quality for the EPI approaches. The Dice similarity coefficient and the Hausdorff distance were used for evaluation of image distortion. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated for renal cortex and medulla for all DWI approaches. The corticomedullary difference of MD and FA were assessed by Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Four‐shot EPI showed the highest CNR among the three EPI variants and lowest geometric distortion versus T2‐weighted RARE (mean Dice: 0.77 for ss‐EPI without PI, 0.88 for ss‐EPI with twofold undersampling, and 0.92 for four‐shot EPI). The FA map derived from four‐shot EPI clearly identified a highly anisotropic region corresponding to the inner stripe of the outer medulla. Four‐shot EPI successfully discerned differences in both MD and FA between renal cortex and medulla. In conclusion, 2D navigated, interleaved multishot EPI facilitates high‐quality rat kidney DWI with clearly depicted intralayer and interlayer structure and substantially reduced image distortion. This approach enables the anatomic integrity of DWI‐MRI in small rodents and has the potential to benefit the characterization of renal microstructure in preclinical studies.
Centripetal nuclear shape fluctuations associate with chromatin condensation towards mitosis

The cell nucleus plays a central role in several key cellular processes, including chromosome organisation, replication and transcription. Recent work intriguingly suggests an association between nuclear mechanics and cell-cycle progression, but many aspects of this connection remain unexplored. Here, by monitoring nuclear shape fluctuations at different cell cycle stages, we uncover increasing inward fluctuations in late G2 and early mitosis, which are initially transient, but develop into instabilities that culminate into nuclear-envelope breakdown in mitosis. Perturbation experiments and correlation analysis reveal an association of these processes with chromatin condensation. We propose that the contrasting forces between an extensile stress and centripetal pulling from chromatin condensation could link mechanically chromosome condensation and nuclear- envelope breakdown, the two main nuclear processes during mitosis. Significance Statement The nucleus was recently shown to exhibit shape fluctuations that vary with cell-cycle stage, but we know very little about the possible links between nuclear mechanics and cell cycle- progression. Through flickering analysis, this study monitors radius and nuclear envelope fluctuations across the cell cycle. The authors discover that as the cell cycle progresses towards mitosis, localised inward invaginations of the nuclear shape form initially transiently and gradually increasing their amplitude, in association with chromatin condensation. This phenomenon develops into nuclear envelope breakdown, suggesting a novel link between cell cycle, chromatin mechanics and nuclear shape fluctuations.
Novel approaches to implement the self-aligned spacer double-patterning process toward 11-nm node and beyond

Historically, lithographic scaling has been driven by both improvements in wavelength and numerical aperture. In the semiconductor industry, the transition to 1.35NA immersion lithography has recently been completed, and the focus is now on double patterning techniques (DPT) as a means to circumvent the limitations of Rayleigh's definition. Actually, self-aligned spacer double patterning (SADP) has already been employed in high volume manufacturing of NAND flash memory devices. This paper introduces demonstration results focused on the extendibility of double patterning techniques for various device layouts.