Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IoT-Praetor: Undesired Behaviors Detection for IoT Devices

Due to insecure design and configuration, the Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices are vulnerable to various security issues. In most attacks against IoT, e.g., Mirai, attackers control devices to perform malicious behaviors that are not expected by owners and administrators. Therefore, how to effectively detect malicious behaviors is crucial to protect the security of IoT devices. Different from powerful PCs and servers, resource-constrained IoT devices are generally used to execute the specific function and their behaviors are limited. Based on this observation, we propose IoT-Praetor, an undesired behavior security detection system for IoT devices. In IoT-Praetor, a new device usage description (DUD) model is proposed to construct an IoT device behavior specification, including communication and interaction behaviors. Furthermore, automatic behavior extraction approaches are presented. We also design a behavior rule engine to detect device behaviors in real time. To evaluate the effectiveness of IoT-Praetor, we implemented our methods on Samsung SmartThings and performed a security test. The evaluation results show that the successful detection rate of malicious interaction behavior is 94.5% on average, and the detection rate of malicious communication behavior is above 98%, and system running time delay is only in millisecond level.
Phenotyping of Mustard (Brassica juncea) under the agro ecological condition of Chattogram region

Twelve genotypes of Brassica juncea were evaluated at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Hathazari, Chattogram to find out the superior lines for using in the breeding program to develop a high yielding variety. The first six principal components (PCs) denoted about 92 % of the total variation among genotypes. The number of branches per plant is closely related with no. of siliqua per plant and 1000 seed weight (g) but it had been not strongly related to other traits. Thousand seed weight (g) is closely related with days to 50% flowering and days to maturity but it had been not strongly related to other traits. The no. of seeds per siliqua was positively correlated with length of siliqua and plant height but negatively correlated with other traits. The short vector of seed yield per plot (kg) denotes that it was not strongly correlated with any other traits. The maturity duration among the tested entries ranged from 93-95 days. The entry BJ-11536(12)-3 created the highest siliqua per plant recorded as 198. In contrast, minimum number of siliqua was gained from BJ-11536(9)-6 which was noted as 104. The highest seed per siliqua noted as 16 was observed in BJ-11536(12)-3 followed by 15 seeds per siliqua in BJ-11536(7)-2 and the lowest seed per siliqua documented as 12 was obtained from the entries BJ-10-10104(y), BJ-11536(9)-2 and BARI Sarisha 11. The entry BJ-11536(12)-3 provided the highest yield of 1.79 t/ha followed by 1.42 t/ha in BJ-2014-y02 and BJ-2104-y05. Three genotypes namely BJ-11536(12)-3, BJ-2014-y02 and BJ-2104-y05 can be selected to be used as parental materials in the breeding program.
Reproduction of two loricariid species in a confined river and implications for environmental impacts of dams

1Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Setor 4, Prédio 43422, CP 15007, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. (LDF) lucas.defries@yahoo.com. br, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8361-2608 (corresponding author), (GR) gilberto.rosa@ufrgs.br, (FGB) fgbecker@ufrgs.br 2JPSBIO Consultoria Ambiental, Estrada Francisca de Oliveira Vieira, 796, 91780-050 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. josefpezzi@gmail.com 3Simbiota Consultoria Ambiental, Rua Emiliano de Macedo, 1425, 95800-000 Venâncio Aires, RS, Brazil. fabio@simbiota.com. br Introduction
Phosphate Fertilization and Liming Promote the Growth and Development of Annona crassiflora

Annona crassiflora is a medicinal species and source of food with little information about its nutritional requirements during the initial phase. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate liming, phosphate fertilization and its interaction in A. crassiflora seedlings. The experiment was in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with four replications in a randomized block design. The base saturations were: 8.3%, 25%, 50% and 75% and phosphorus: 0 mg dm-3, 100 mg dm-3, 200 mg dm-3 and 400 mg dm-3. The variables evaluated were biometrics, biomass and nutritional analysis. The species responded to the factors in isolation, and the increase in base saturation levels and phosphorus doses promoted significant effects for biometric variables, biomass, calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content. The saturation level promoted the best results, being 75% base saturation, while the highest phosphorus dosage was 400 mg dm-3.
Decoys provide a scalable platform for the genetic analysis of plant E3 ubiquitin ligases that regulate circadian clock function

The circadian clock in all eukaryotes relies on the regulated degradation of clock proteins to maintain 24-hour rhythmicity. Despite this knowledge, we know very few of the components that mediate degradation of proteins to control clock function. This is likely due to high levels of gene duplication and functional redundancy within plant E3 ubiquitin ligase gene families. In order to overcome this issue and discover E3 ubiquitin ligases that control circadian clock function, we generated a library of transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing dominant-negative “decoy” E3 ubiquitin ligases. We determined their effects on the plant circadian clock and identified dozens of new potential regulators of circadian clock function. To demonstrate the potency of the decoy screening methodology to overcome genetic redundancy and identify bona fide clock regulators, we performed follow-up studies on PUB59 and PUB60. Using knock-out studies, we show that they redundantly control circadian clock period by regulating gene splicing. Furthermore, we confirm that they are part of a conserved protein complex that mediates splicing in eukaryotes. This work demonstrates the viability of E3 ubiquitin ligase decoys as a scalable screening platform to overcome traditional genetic challenges and discover E3 ubiquitin ligases that regulate plant developmental processes.
Virtual Power-Based Control for Operation and Grid Synchronization of Induction Generator

A novel approach on soft transition from stand-alone (SA) mode to grid-connected (GC) mode for uncontrolled prime mover-driven squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) is presented in this article. The distributed generation unit (DGU), consisting of SCIG along with back-to-back converter, is initially controlled to supply SA load with fixed voltage and frequency. A virtual power-based control (VPC) is developed for the DGU to ensure zero power exchange with the grid, for smooth grid synchronization (GS). The proposed controller is generating the required magnitude and angle of the inverter voltage without use of the phase-locked loop. The load-side voltage source converter is controlled by the VPC during GS and GC operation. Variation in power reference, in GC mode of operation, is also established with necessary change in the angle of the inverter voltage vector. The machine-side voltage source converter is controlled by three-stage control technique, to maintain the dc-link voltage, throughout the operation. Implementation of the proposed control is performed in simulation environment successfully. The effectiveness of the control is demonstrated experimentally on a scaled laboratory prototype.
Antibacterial Activity of Sophorolipids from Candida bombicola Against Human Pathogens

: Sophorolipids are glycolipids that have natural antimicrobial properties and present great potential in the pharmaceutical field. The present study aimed to produce sophorolipids from Candida bombicola using a chicken fat-based medium and evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative ( Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ) and Gram-positive bacteria ( Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans ). The production of sophorolipids reached 27.86 g L -1 . Based on the structural characterization, 73.55% of the sophorolipids present a mixture of acidic monoacetylated C18:2 and lactonic diacetylated C16:0, and 26.45% were present in the diacetylated C18:1 lactonic form. Bacteria submitted to sophorolipid exposure showed a reduction in viability at doses of 500 μg mL -1 and 2,000 μg mL -1 against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. These results suggest that sophorolipids produced in chicken fat medium may be used as antimicrobial agents to prevent or eliminate contamination by different pathogens. monoacetylated and lactonic C18:1 diacetylated forms. Antibacterial activity of 500 μg mL -1 and 2,000 μg mL -1 of sophorolipids was found for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. This study suggests that the sophorolipids produced in residual chicken fat medium present antimicrobial activity and can be a sustainable alternative for applications in healthcare area.
HiFi-ELEMENTS: An Interface Model Standard and Workflow for High Fidelity Electric Vehicle Modelling and Testing

The results of the HORIZON 2020 project “HIFI-ELEMENTS” contribute to a more efficient development process for e-vehicles. The goal is to reduce development and testing efforts by over 50%, decrease vehicle energy consumption by up to 20% and increase validation test coverage up to 10-fold compared to current traditional development approaches. HiFi-ELEMENTS implements and investigates a streamlined workflow that makes the use of diverse modelling tools for vehicle development inter-operable and more efficient. The proposal for a standardisation of functional model interfaces related to the specific sub-components of an E-drivetrain vehicle, including: E-machine, inverter, DC/DC-converter, and battery system is coupled with this new workflow. Existing standards like Functional Mockup Interfaces (FMI) are incorporated. The proposed functional model interface component standard supports a seamless use of models in the development process. Furthermore, a scalable interface structure will be shown which implements a number of models using different levels of detail. It allows the seamless transition from Real-Time (RT) low fidelity black-box models, suited for Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) setups, to high fidelity models with detailed physical modelling. HiFi-ELEMENTS investigates how a workflow with a linked co-simulation environment and data-management application can speed up product development, with particular interest in front-loading system-level testing and validation efforts.
ASPECT CATEGORY POLARITY DETECTION USING MULTI CLASS SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE WITH LEXICONS BASED FEATURES AND VECTOR BASED FEATURES

Sentiment Analysis (SA) is the classification and interpretation of the opinions or emotions within the text data using text analysis methods. Aspect Level Sentiment Analysis (ALSA) is a type of SA technique which uses different types of algorithms to extract the aspects of the entities from the text data and determining the sentiment of the aspects. ALSA is divided into two subtasks such as Aspect Category Detection (ACD) and Aspect Category Polarity Detection (ACPD). ACD determines the aspect categories discussed in each sentence from a set of review sentences and a given predefined set of aspect categories. Aspect categories need not occur as terms in the sentences and are characteristically coarser than the aspect terms. For every review sentence the aspect categories are provided to identify the polarity of aspect category. The objective of ACPD is to identify the polarity such as negative, positive, neutral or conflict of every aspect category mentioned in each sentence. In this paper, the task aspect category polarity detection is addressed. The three types of features such as linguistic features, Lexicons features and Vector Space features are extracted from the reviews. The classifier is trained with these features. The learned model is used to detect the polarities of the categories that are present in the test review sentences. The combination of proposed features with the existing features improves the accuracy of the system. The accuracy of the proposed system has enhanced by 1.3 % compared with best performing system.
Low Latency Demodulation for High-Frequency Atomic Force Microscopy Probes

One prerequisite for high-speed imaging in dynamic-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the fast demodulation of the probe signal. In this contribution, we present the amplitude and phase estimation method based on the acquisition of four points per oscillation, with the sampling frequency being phase-locked on the probe actuation. The method is implemented on a RedPitaya platform, with its clock being generated from the actuation signal of the probe. Experimental characterizations using square-modulated sine waves show that latency of 500 ns is achieved with a carrier frequency of 10 MHz, which is ten times faster compared with a state-of-the-art lock-in amplifier. A tracking bandwidth greater than 200 kHz is obtained experimentally. The method is eventually applied to a close-loop AFM scan realized using a 15-MHz AFM probe, showing its suitability for high-frequency oscillating probes.
COMPARATIVE GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY AND PROFITABILITY OF PLANT AND RATOON CROP OF SUGARCANE UNDER DIFFERENT PIT DIMENSIONS

Sugarcane is an important profitable sugar crop of Pakistan. Pakistan ranks at the 4 and 8 position by the area under cultivation and sugar production, respectively across the globe (FAO, 2012). It shares 3.2 % in value-added agriculture and 0.6% in GDP (Govt. of Pakistan, 2016). The cultivated area under sugarcane during 2015-16 was 1.132 m ha that showed a decline of 0.8% from previous year (1.141 m ha) (Govt. of Pakistan, 2016). On the contrary, total production during 2015-16 was 65.5 million tonnes, thus showed an increase of 4.2% from the production of the previous year (62.8 million tonnes). Pakistan’s average stripped cane yield is much lower than other sugarcane growing countries across the world. The harvestable yield potential of the current gene pool of sugarcane cultivars is more than 150 t/ha. However, our national average yield is 60 t/ha which is far below than its genetic potential. Many of the advanced countries like Brazil, India, China, USA and Australia have their national average yield ranging from 80-100 t/ha (FAO, 2012). The affluent inputs, natural disasters, insufficient water application, and weeds establishment, along with poorly managed ratoon and improper planting patterns are main reasons for low production of sugarcane (Ahmad et al., 2014; Nazir et al., 2013). Hence, there is a dire need to search out for new planting techniques of sugarcane planting to achieve optimum planting density that ensures productive utilization of available farm resources. Different planting patterns like 60 cm spaced single rows, 90 cm double row strips and 120 cm apart trench planting are being adopted in Pakistan for enhancing sugarcane yield. Majority of the farming community faces problems by using the conventional method of planting in 6075 cm spaced rows that significantly affects the circulation of air and interception of light required for crop growth (Ehsanullah et al., 2011). Many innovative methods which facilitate inter tillage operations and ensure optimum planting densities for obtaining higher yields have been developed (Ghaffar et al., 2011). Pit planting technique was introduced in early 1990 as an efficient plantation technique which helps to facilitate germination, achieve optimal plant population and increased sugar recovery. Maqsood et al. (2005) opined that more cane production of sugarcane was observed in 50 cm spaced pits (100 cm × 100 cm) than the conventional method. Pit planting improved the assimilatory characters, like crop growth rate, leaf area index and increased the cane yield compared to conventional planting method improved germination and increased millable canes (Singh et al., 2009; Sureka et al. 2009 and Chand et al., 2011). Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 55(3), 483-488; 2018 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/18.7010 http://www.pakjas. com.pk
Septin dynamics and functions during meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The septin family of cytoskeletal proteins play important roles in many cellular processes such as cytokinesis. Septin monomers assemble into non-polar heterooctamers (or hexamers) that polymerize into higher-order structures. These octameric complexes are remarkably plastic in subunit composition. During vegetative growth, Saccharomyces cerevisiae predominantly use octamers containing Cdc3, Cdc10, Cdc11, Cdc12, and Shs1. A different form of cytokinesis occurs during gametogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, wherein the four haploid meiotic products become encased first by the prospore membrane (PSM) and then by a specialized, stress-resistant spore wall. During sporulation, the sporulation-specific septins, Spr3 and Spr28, replace Cdc12 and Shs1, forming a new septin complex. To date it has remained unknown why different septin complexes are needed for sporulation and what specialization the differentially expressed septins impart on overall septin function in cells. We have set out to define the characteristics and roles of sporulation septin complexes in order to appreciate the functional differences between mitotic septin complexes vs. sporulation complexes. Similar to mitotic septin complexes, we have found that sporulation complexes containing Spr3, Spr28, Cdc3, and Cdc10 assemble into octamers in vitro and are competent to form higher-order filamentous structures on
Novel Miscanthus genotypes selected for different drought tolerance phenotypes show enhanced tolerance across combinations of salinity and drought treatments

Abstract Background and Aims Water deficit and salinity stresses are often experienced by plants concurrently; however, knowledge is limited about the effects of combined salinity and water deficit stress in plants, and especially in C4 bioenergy crops. Here we aim to understand how diverse drought tolerance traits may deliver tolerance to combinations of drought and salinity in C4 crops, and identify key traits that influence the productivity and biomass composition of novel Miscanthus genotypes under such conditions. Methods Novel genotypes used included M. sinensis and M. floridulus species, pre-screened for different drought responses, plus the commercial accession Miscanthus × giganteus (M×g.). Plants were grown under control treatments, single stress or combinations of water deficit and moderate salinity stress. Morphophysiological responses, including growth, yield, gas exchange and leaf water relations and contents of proline, soluble sugars, ash and lignin were tested for significant genotypic and treatment effects. Key Results The results indicated that plants subjected to combined stresses showed more severe responses compared with single stresses. All novel drought-tolerant genotypes and M×g. were tolerant to moderate salinity stress. Biomass production in M. sinensis genotypes was more resilient to co-occurring stresses than that in M×g. and M. floridulus, which, despite the yield penalty produced more biomass overall. A stay-green M. sinensis genotype adopted a conservative growth strategy with few significant treatment effects. Proline biosynthesis was species-specific and was triggered by salinity and co-occurring stress treatments, mainly in M. floridulus. The ash content was compartmentalized differently in leaves and stems in the novel genotypes, indicating different mechanisms of ion accumulation. Conclusions This study highlights the potential to select novel drought-tolerant Miscanthus genotypes that are resilient to combinations of stress and is expected to contribute to a deeper fundamental knowledge of different mechanistic responses identified for further exploitation in developing resilient Miscanthus crops.
Development of Continuous Validation Model on Standard Codes Mapping for Multi-Institutional Collaborative Data-Driven Medical Study

Background: The Medical Information Database Network (MID-NET) is a national project that promotes effective safety measures for the active surveillance of drug safety assessments through pharmacoepidemiological methods, using real-world data in Japan. The MID-NET contains the data of approximately 5.05 million patients (as of December 2019) across 10 medical institutions, including 23 hospitals. One of the most important conditions for conducting pharmacoepidemiological research using multiple medical databases is to systematically verify of data standardization. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of improving the accuracy of standard data quality control by the development of a validation model for standard code mapping in multiple medical information databases. Methods: We established the standard code mapping validation center at one of the cooperating medical institutions of the MID-NET that could collect and manage information about the standard code interoperability. Additionally, we used the mapping table for the four standard codes, including the Japan Laboratory Test Standard Code, 10th Revision (JLAC10) code were collected from MID-NET cooperating institutions, and the accuracy of the mapping table was evaluated. Results: The observed four standard codes mapping ratio between institutions varied from >2,000 to <100. Moreover, the accuracies of standard codes were not standardized. We used a centralized standard code mapping validation model to provide feedback for standardizing JLAC-10 for each institution and meaningful differences between institutions were improved. Conclusions: The developed model visualized information differences and improved the data quality between multiple medical institutions.