Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MULTI-PHASE SHIFT KEYING MODULATION USING GENERALISED ARRAY CODES

In this paper a Block Coded Modulation (BCM) scheme employing Generalised Array Codes (GAC) and M-ary Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) modulation technique is proposed. The GAC are encoded in the usual manner. The encoded data are then used to modulate the signals varying in phase. A maximum likelihood trellis decoding technique is used to demodulate/decode the received symbols. Simulation study results show that BCM employing GAC codes and QPSK modulation in AWGN channel yield 5dB or more coding gain over the corresponding uncoded case. Further as M increases the coding gain decreases over the corresponding uncoded case as expected. Keywords: Coding and modulation, trellis decoding.
Addressing Model Data Archiving Needs for the Department of Energy’s Environmental Systems Science Community

Researchers in the Department of Energy’s ESS program use a variety of models to advance robust, scale-aware predictions of terrestrial and subsurface ecosystems. ESS projects typically conduct field observations and experiments coupled with modeling exercises using a model-experimental (ModEx) approach that enables iterative co-development of experiments and models, and ensures that experimental data needed to parameterize and test models are collected. Thus preserving ​“model data”​ comprising the outputs from simulations, as well as driving, parameterization and validation data with associated codes is becoming increasingly important. The ESS-DIVE repository stores data associated with the ESS programs and conducted a months long survey of the ESS community to identify needs for archiving, sharing, and utilizing model data. Here, we present the results of the community survey, and the proposed ESS-DIVE approach over the short-term (next 3 years) and long-term (4-10 years) to support the needs of the ESS modeling community. In the short-term ESS-DIVE proposes to work on functionality that supports archiving of model data associated with publications, with an emphasis on developing community guidelines and standards that make the data more discoverable, accessible and usable. The long-term vision is to broadly enable data-model integration, and knowledge generation from model and observational data. This vision will be achieved through close partnerships with the ESS community.
International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity: Technical Papers Held in Orlando, Florida on 26-28 June 1984. Supplement

Abstract : Contents: Upset Susceptibility Study employing Circuit Analysis and Digital Simulation; Data and Results of a Laboratory Investigation of Microprocessor Upset caused by Simulated Lightning Induced Analog Transients; Lightning Research - A User's Lament; AC Power Line Protection for an IEEE 587 Class B Environment; Corrosion Properties of Second Generation Conductive Materials; A Comparison of Lightning and Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse Response of a Helicopter; and A Comparison of Lightning and Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse Response of Tactical Shelters.
Grid Modeling for the SunShot Vision Study

This document describes the use of production cost modeling in the SunShot Vision study, including methods used to create the SunShot Vision scenarios, their implementation in the Gridview model, and assumptions regarding transmission system and operation of each generator type. It also describes challenges and limitations of modeling solar generation technologies in production cost models, and suggests methods for improving their representation in current models.
The analysis of partially separated flow on sail systems using a sectional method

Yacht sail systems are subjected to low speed and transitional flow. Because of the supporting structure (mast and boom) of the sail system and the curvature of sail membrane, sail systems also have a partially separated flow. In this work, it is introduced the sectional method as a sail system flow analysis tool. The sectional method uses the surface discretization and it is based in the simultaneous approach for viscous-inviscid interaction but, it works independently to the initial panel mesh and inviscid panel method calculation, permitting the adjustment of sectional points to have a better local convergence. The sectional method is applied to the detection of separated flow regions by means of integral boundary layer parameters investigation. The investigation is used in cases of weak separation and strong separation, when analysing mast and sail configurations. The weak separation detection is applied to a three-dimensional sail shape in a sail design problem: the study of parameters such as twist and section curvature in order to control separation on the sail.
A Switching Controller System Based on Environment Recognition

For rough terrain movement, development control strategy is one of the most important research topics. Many controller design method are proposed, however, a single controller has limitations in applicable environments. In this research, a switching controller system based on environment recognition for a rough terrain wheel type mobile robot is proposed. The controller system consists of two sub systems, one is an environment recognition system using Self-Organizing Map (SOM) and the other is a controller system for each environment using neural networks. In the experiments, the mobile robot recognized its environment and selected an optimal controller, and the proposed control system showed better performance than a tuned PID controller.
A state machine representation of pilot eye movements

II. My family was always there to take my hand to encourage me and show me the way. Your guidance has helped me become the person I am. You will always have my love, respect, and gratitude ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special thanks to the distinguished faculty members who served on my committee: Christensen. Lastly, I am thankful to all colleagues and friends who made my stay at the University of Iowa, a memorable and valuable experience. The guidance and informational assistance of Mathew Cover is gratefully acknowledged. 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION In virtual computer-simulated model worlds, we are not bound to physical conditions of reality. With the development of new interfaces, such as the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), as well as the advancement of the United States National Air System (NAS) from Air Traffic Control (ATC) to satellite-based systems in air traffic management (FAA, 2009), new evaluations for efficiency and safety are required. Advanced tools have been developed to test the new interfaces and technologies. These tools are used to assemble data for analysis to determine user performance within the NextGen system. NextGen will enhance the capacity and safety of technological innovation such as weather forecasting, data networking and digital communications to reduce gridlock in the sky and at airport terminals. The development of the aviation-specific system for Global Positioning Satellites (GPS) called the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) will shift certain decision making Evaluation of new technology for commercial aircraft cockpits is a time-consuming and expensive process. The designs of modern aircraft cockpit technologies are concentrated in the area of component functionality and technological performance instead of pilot usage and operability (Foyle, Hooey and Byrne, 2004). The cockpits of many aircraft are composed of diverse automation, displays and controls. Therefore, creating tests that imitate the pilot's visual interaction with the displays and controls have become a difficult and complex process (Crowe and Narayanan, 2000). According to Foyle (2004), the majority of aircraft mishaps can be linked to errors in judgment. Procedures must be developed to provide training so that errors in pilot 2 judgment can be decreased and subsequently improve the safety of flight. Gaining clear knowledge as it relates to human error and the utilization of modern complex systems is crucial. Advanced tools are needed for simulating pilot performance in different operational environments. The purpose of this project is to design a state machine that can be used …
Road Traffic Accidents in Ethiopia: Magnitude, Causes and Possible Interventions

Most road traffic accidents occur in low-and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia, despite being a major public health problem worldwide. In Ethiopia, commercial vehicle passengers and pedestrians are most vulnerable, while in high-income countries, privately owned vehicles are primarily involved in crashes, with injury or death sustained mainly by the driver. In Ethiopia, for example, five percent of fatalities involve automobile drivers, while in the United States, 60 percent do. These statistics carry the implication that the number of people injured or killed in one Ethiopian crash is about 30 times higher than crashes in the United States. Identification of the problem's main causes is a study objective, as is giving finding-based recommendations. The magntiude, causes, and possible interventions in Ethiopian road traffic accidents are focused on. Classification of key road traffic accident determinants in Ethiopia, as well as analysis, were performed using the Haddon Matrix, which explains injuries in terms of a time sequence (pre-crash, crash, post-crash) and in terms of factors (host agent - environment). Key problem determinants were identified as absence of traffic accident compulsory insurance law, poor emergency medical services, poor vehicle condition, poor legislation and enforcement failure, mixed traffic flow systems, absence of road traffic safety knowledge, and poor road network. While there currently are road safety draft strategies, there is no national road traffic accident policy. In Ethiopia, road traffic accidents pose a huge development and health problem. To curb the growing problem, high level political commitment and immediate actions and decisions are required in the current situation, or else rapidly increasing motorization and population levels will worsen it day-to-day. The author recommends the "hands on" experiences of Ghana and Colombia, implementation of which are feasible in Ethiopia.
EFFECTS OF PACING STRATEGIES ON THE RUNNING MOTION OF MALE 800 METER RUNNERS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different pacing on running motion for male 800 m runners in official competitions. Ten male 800m runners were videotaped (60Hz) from the side positioned the marks of 150m (1st mark), 350m (2nd mark), 550m (3rd mark) and 750m (4th mark) of the 800m race. Kinematics and Kinetics variables were calculated. We divided ten subjects into two groups: Positive-type (POS) which consisted of five subjects with the fastest average running velocity of the 1st and 2nd marks running velocity (running velocity), Negative-type (NEG), which consisted of the five other subjects. In POS, the running velocity, the stride length per height and the shank angular velocity of the support leg were significantly decreased along the race, and the trunk inclined forward than NEG. However, the hip extensor torque, power and the knee flexor torque at the late recovery phase did not decrease. In NEG, the running velocity, the relative step frequency, the hip flexor torque at the early recovery phase, the hip extensor torque and the knee flexor torque at the late recovery phase were significantly increased at the late half of the race. The thigh and shank angular velocity of the support leg were maintained. It was concluded that the running motion of 800 m runners were affected by the pacing strategy.
Integrated Process Capability Analysis

Process Capability Analysis (PCA) is a powerful too l to assess the ability of a process for manufacturing product that meets specific ations. The larger process capability index implies the higher process yield, a nd the larger process capability index also indicates the lower process expected loss. Chen et al. (2001) has applied indices C pu, C pl, and C pk for evaluating the process capability for a multi-process product wi th smaller-the-better, larger-the-better, and nominal-the-best spec.
Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment Phase V: Test Configuration and Available Data Campaigns

The main objective of the Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment is to provide information needed to quantify the full-scale, three-dimensional, unsteady aerodynamic behavior of horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs). To accomplish this, an experimental wind turbine configured to meet specific research objectives was assembled and operated at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The turbine was instrumented to characterize rotating-blade aerodynamic performance, machine structural responses, and atmospheric inflow conditions. Comprehensive tests were conducted with the turbine operating in an outdoor field environment under diverse conditions. Resulting data are used to validate aerodynamic and structural dynamics models, which are an important part of wind turbine design and engineering codes. Improvements in these models are needed to better characterize aerodynamic response in both the steady-state post-stall and dynamic-stall regimes. Much of the effort in the first phase of the Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment focused on developing required data acquisition systems. Complex instrumentation and equipment was needed to meet stringent data requirements while operating under the harsh environmental conditions of a wind turbine rotor. Once the data systems were developed, subsequent phases of experiments were then conducted to collect data for use in answering specific research questions. A description of the experiment configuration used during Phase V of the experiment is contained in this report.
Designing and implementing a remote location system for farm animals

[ANGLES] The increasing links between agriculture and technology and empirical knowledge of some of the historical problems encountered by farmers is the motivation of the work described in this master thesis. The idea of this work is based on the possibility of being able to use GPS technology to remotely locate farm animals within mid-range distances and also that the system carried by the animal should have enough autonomy to allow the final user (the farmer) a practical and user-friendly application of the system in the field. Finally, the technologic evolution and the global market have made possible the culmination of the project in this master thesis. This thesis details the design and implementation of a system that performs the animal location function. A transmitter carried by the target animal allows for the retrieving of geo-positioning coordinates (latitude and longitude) from a GPS module and then the transmission of the coordinates to a receiver. The latter then receives the coordinates, interprets the coordinates and finally places them over a map using a tactile device.
B-737 Linear Autoland Simulink Model

The Linear Autoland Simulink model was created to be a modular test environment for testing of control system components in commercial aircraft. The input variables, physical laws, and referenced frames used are summarized. The state space theory underlying the model is surveyed and the location of the control actuators described. The equations used to realize the Dryden gust model to simulate winds and gusts are derived. A description of the pseudo-random number generation method used in the wind gust model is included. The longitudinal autopilot, lateral autopilot, automatic throttle autopilot, engine model and automatic trim devices are considered as subsystems. The experience in converting the Airlabs FORTRAN aircraft control system simulation to a graphical simulation tool (Matlab/Simulink) is described.
Biofunctionalization of Porous Ti Substrates Coated with Ag Nanoparticles for Potential Antibacterial Behavior

Ti prosthesis have shown better biological compatibility, mechanical performance, and resistance to corrosion in cases of bone replacements. Nevertheless, fully dense Ti in connection with bone-host tissues show stress-shielding phenomenon that, together with the development of frequent undesirable microbial infections, may lead to implant failures. To overcome these issues, the present study aimed at the development of a novel combination of a chemically functionalized porous Ti substrate with a potentially therapeutic AgNPs coating. Fully dense and porous Ti substrates (30 and 60 vol.%, 100–200 and 355–500 μm, as spacer particles) were studied. Ti surface was treated with acid or basic medium followed by silanization and deposition of AgNPs by “submerged” and “in situ” methods. In general, for similar porosity, mechanical resistance decreased as pore size increased. Acidic reagent and submerged methodology were the best combination for fully dense Ti substrates. Hence, they were also employed for porous Ti substrates. Depending on the porosity of the substrates, variations can be observed both in the size and degree of agglomeration of the deposited AgNPs, entailing differences in the antibacterial behavior of the samples.
Association between uric acid level and incidence of macroalbuminuria in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A 4.5-year cohort study

Background: Using animal models and molecular biology researches, hyperuricemia has been shown to instruct renal arteriolopathy, arterial hypertension, and microvascular injury involving the renin-angiotensin system and resulting in renal function impairment. Nevertheless, the association between uric acid levels and the development of macroalbuminuria has been under-investigated in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes and regular outpatient visits were recruited from a community hospital in Taiwan since January 2014. Demographics, lifestyle features, and medical history were gathered by well-trained interviewers. All participants underwent comprehensive physical examinations, including a biochemical assay of venous blood specimens and urine samples after an 8-hour overnight fast. Participants were followed until June 2018. The primary outcome was the macroalbuminuria incidence. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis were employed to explore the relation between uric acid and incident macroalbuminuria. Uric acid cutoffs for incident macroalbuminuria were determined with the receiver operator characteristic curve. Results: We included 247 qualified subjects (mean age: 64.78 years old [standard deviation=11.29 years]; 138 [55.87%] men). During a 4.5-year follow-up duration, 20 subjects with incident macroalbuminuria were recognized. Serum uric acid was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident macroalbuminuria (adjusted hazard ratio=2.39; 95% confidence interval: 1.53-3.75; p<0.001) with potential confounders adjustment. The uric acid cutoff point was 6.9 mg/dL (area under the curve 0.708, sensitivity 60.0%, specificity 84.58%) for incident macroalbuminuria. Conclusions: Serum uric acid was associated with incident macroalbuminuria among people with type 2 diabetes.
Feasibility Demonstration of a Pulsed Acoustic Device for Inhibition of Biofouling in Seawater Piping

Abstract : This report describes a preliminary field test of a new biofouling control device designed for seawater piping and cooling systems. This technology uses a pulsed, underwater electrical discharge to generate an acoustic wave in pipes. The test was conducted during February 1994 in a seawater test loop, constructed of clear PVC piping, located at the Naval Surface Warfare Centers' Corrosion Test Facility in Dania, Florida. It included an untreated, control pipe and another identical pipe which was treated with an acoustic pulse every two seconds, ten hours per day, for 10 days. Results of visual observations, microbial counts, environmental electron microscopy (ESEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDS) demonstrated a significant reduction in the rate of biofouling in the pipe treated with the pulsed acoustic device compared to the control.
An alternative approach to multivariate EWMA control chart

Abstract This Paper proposes a multivariate EWMA scheme that is alternative to the traditional EWMA-M. The distribution of the chart statistic is derived from Box quadratic form and the sensitivity of the chart is examined. The average run lengths of the M-EWMA scheme are numerically computed with the integral equation method. The exponential weight of 0.2 is found to be the optimal choice for the sensitive chart to detect assignable causes in the mean vector of processes.
Smart material systems - model development

A curtain having an integral tie-back arrangement includes a piece of flexible material, part of which is fixed to the curtain for providing a channel from one of its vertical edges to the other of its vertical edges. An elongated flexible member which extends through the channel is fixed at one end to one of the vertical edges. As a result, if the free end of the elongated flexible member is pulled, the curtain is shirred along its width. The flexible material supports a device having a circular loop and an S-shaped section to which the elongated flexible member may be frictionally tied so as to support the shirred curtain. After the curtain is hung, the loop may be coupled to a nail on its window, thereby supporting the tie-back arrangement.
Time-Frequency Transform Techniques Applied to Ultra-wideband Ground-Penetrating Radar

(1) University of British Columbia, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vancouver, Canada (matt.yedlin@gmail.com/1.604.822.5949), (2) Laboratoire d’E lectronique, Antennes et Te le communications, Universite de Nice Sophia — Antipolis, CNRS, 250, rue Albert Einstein, FR-06560 Valbonne, France, (3) UMR Ge osciences Azur, CNRS/UNSA/IRD/UPMC, Sophia — Antipolis, CNRS, 250, rue Albert Einstein, FR-06560 Valbonne, France , (4) UMR 5212, Mode lisation et Imagerie en Ge osciences, Pau IPRA — Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, BP 1155, FR-64013 Pau Cedex, France
Some mathematical tools for modelling malaria: a subjective survey

In this paper, we provide a brief survey of mathematical modelling of malaria and how it is used to understand the transmission and progression of the disease and design strategies for its control to support public health interventions and decision-making. We discuss some of the past and present contributions of mathematical modelling of malaria, including the recent development of modelling the transmission-blocking drugs. We also comment on the complexity of the malaria dynamics and, in particular, on its multiscale character with its challenges and opportunities. We illustrate the discussion by presenting a curve fitting using a 95% confidence interval for the South African data for malaria from the years 2001-2018$ and provide projections for the number of malaria cases and deaths up to the year 2025.
High performance dual band graphene-based plasmonic photodetector

Abstract. One of the most important issues in the design of photodetectors is absorption efficiency. An innovative structure of a graphene-based photodetector consisting of an array of plasmonic nanostructures is proposed. Surface plasmons resonance occurs near the plasmonic nanostructures, enhancing the interaction between light and graphene; this gives rise to a strong light absorption. The numerical analysis results show that the proposed photodetector has a total absorption efficiency of 87.7% and a photocurrent of 1000 μA. Also, this structure exhibits the responsivity of 2053 mA / W and the bandwidth of 25.17 GHz at the wavelength of 1.55 μm. The other outstanding features of this design are low power consumption and being CMOS compatible. The results reveal the superiority of the proposed photodetector performance in terms of responsivity and optical bandwidth in comparison with the other existing designs.