Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Optoelectronic Properties of Superalkali (Li3o) Doped Phosphorene: A Dft Study

In this study, we constructively tune the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of pristine phosphorene and superalkalis (Li3O) doped phosphorene by using the density functional theory (DFT). The ground state molecular geometries have been optimized using the B3LYP/631G (d, p) level of theory. Computational studies have opened up that these complexes are stable. The effects of doping on phosphorene have been thoroughly explained by density of states (DOS), vertical ionization energy (VIE), interaction energies (Eint), natural bond orbitals (NBO) analysis, and electron density difference map (EDDM) analysis. The doping of superalkali conclusively has reduced the HOMO-LOMO energy gap of pristine phosphorene, Li3O@phosphorene, and 2Li3O@phosphoren to 3.284 eV, 1.256 eV, and 2.583 eV and changed it into the n-type semiconductor. More interestingly, there has been a gradual increase in the first static hyperpolarizability (βstatic) values 115.753 au, 4118.65 au, and 659.30 au respectively. The Static second hyperpolarizability (γstatic) of the doped complexes has also been calculated from which the 2Li3O@phosphorene has the highest value of 709.329 ҳ 103 au and dipole moment (μ) in Li3O@phosphorene@Li3O also has the highest value of 7.418 D. The TD-DFT analysis has exhibited that the doped complexes have adequate transparency in the UV region that is necessary for the large NLO response and also for its feasible applications in the optoelectronics.
Preparation of poly(aspartic acid) superabsorbent hydrogels by solvent-free processes

Abstract Poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) hydrogel is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer with high water absorbing ability. Traditionally, the production of PASP hydrogel consumes large amounts of organic solvents, i.e., dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). This traditional approach is now considered costly, complex and environmentally unfriendly due to required used solvent disposal. The present research explores two novel methods in preparing PASP hydrogel without organic solvent, by using hydrazine hydrate and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDGE) or poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) as the cross-linkers. Absorbent ability and other characteristics are determined. Preparing PASP hydrogel in aqueous solution is promising and finds its use in many applications.
FT-Raman spectroscopy as a tool in evaluation the response of plants to drought stress

Abstract The aim of study was to evaluate the usefulness of FT-Raman spectroscopy in assessing stress-induced metabolic changes in plants. 20-d-old optimally watered plants of soybean were exposed to drought. Metabolic changes in optimally watered and drought-stressed plants were monitored using FT-Raman spectroscopy. In parallel, analyses were carried out of fatty acid composition and pigment content using analytical methods. These compounds are associated with the response of plants to environmental stress. While fatty acid assays in study were inconclusive, the pigment content analysis gave promising results. FT-Raman experiment demonstrated a decrease in carotenoid content in leaf, as a result of drought, which was confirmed by spectrophotometric analysis. In addition to the analysis of aforementioned compounds, FT-Raman spectroscopy allowed the simultaneous observation of a wider spectrum of compounds scattering the radiation in the leaves tested, and their subsequent comparative analysis. The impact of drought on metabolism of soybean was clearly visible on spectra and confirmed using cluster analysis. The technical problem of the influence of leaf water content on measurements, which appeared in studies, will be discussed. To conclude, FT-Raman spectroscopy may be a good complement to other non-invasive methods, e.g., fluorescent methods, in assessing the stress-induced damage of crops.
Several techniques for the preparation of flour from carcasses of the Pantanal alligator (Caiman crocodilus yacare)

Flour prepared via current assay methodologies from the carcasses of the Pantanal alligator (Caiman crocodilus yacare) was analyzed for its chemical composition, minerals, fatty acids, and sensorial profile. Carcasses of the Pantanal alligator, originating from the Coocrijapan scientific zoo, Caceres MT Brazil, were utilized. The carcasses were cooked for 60 minutes in a pressure cooker with water containing 2% salt and 5% chimichurri. The cooked carcasses were then ground and the mass was used for the manufacture of flour via three techniques: non-smoked, hot-smoked, and liquid-smoked. After each technique, the carcasses were dehydrated at 60oC for 3h and were ground. Alligator flour was then produced. The moisture of liquid-smoked flour (10.97%) was higher than that of non-smoked flour (3.78%) and hot-smoked flour (4.43%). The flours provided high protein (57.11% - 58.27%) and ash (23.45 – 26.42%) rates, and were predominantly calcium (6.77% - 7.69%), phosphorus (3.67% - 4.05%), and iron (73.13 – 273.73 ppm/100 mg). Smoked-flour had a better acceptance rate by tasters when compared to non-smoked flour. Results show that flours produced from alligator carcasses had high protein, ash, and mineral rates and a reasonable acceptability by most tasters.
Amplified spontaneous emission based quantum random number generator

There is an increasing need for true random bits, for which true random number generators (TRNG) are absolutely necessary, because the output of pseudo random number generators is deterministically calculated from the previous states. We introduce our quantum number generator (QRNG) based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), a truly random quantum physical process. The experimental setup utilizes the randomness of the process. In this system, optical amplifiers (based on ASE) play the major role. The suitable sampling rate is selected in order to build the fastest generator, while avoiding the correlation between consecutive bits. Furthermore, the applied post-processing increases the quality of the random bits. As a results of this, our system generated random bits which successfully passed the NIST tests. Our real-time generation system – which is currently a trial version implemented with cheap equipment – will be available for public use, generating real time random bits using a web page.
Photocatalytic Decomposition of H2O2 on Different TiO2 Surfaces Along with the Concurrent Generation of HO2 Radicals Monitored Using Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in photocatalysis. To study the photocatalytic behavior of H2O2, the decomposition of H2O2 on illuminated TiO2 films was investigated using cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS). A mixture of H2O2 and O2 gas was flowed through a cavity reactor which contained a TiO2-coated plate. The removal of H2O2 and the accompanying production of HO2 radicals were monitored in the gas phase just above the TiO2 film which was irradiated by a UV light-emitting diode (LED) (375 nm). The TiO2 films tested in this study were mainly Degussa P25 TiO2 (DP), Aldrich anatase (AA), and Aldrich rutile (AR). The photocatalytic production of HO2 was observed only in the presence of H2O2, which indicates that the HO2 radicals were generated from the decomposition of H2O2, not from the photocatalytic reduction of O2. The direct photolysis of H2O2 in the absence of TiO2 was not observed at all under the present irradiation conditions. The degradation of H2O.
Multicolor nanoprobes based on silica-coated gadolinium oxide nanoparticles with highly reduced toxicity

In recent years, multimodal contrast agents have attracted considerable attention in biomedical imaging. This paper reports the development of a multimodal nanoprobe based on silica-coated gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (NPs) for T1-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) and multicolor optical imaging. MR relaxivity measurements showed that these core–shell NPs could generate strong positive contrast enhancement in T1-weighted MR imaging (MRI). Owing to the nominally co-doped Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions in the Gd2O3 host, the synthesized nanoprobes could simultaneously emit blue, green and red fluorescence signals. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity results showed that a thin silica coating on the surface of gadolinium oxide NPs could increase the biocompatibility of the fabricated nanoprobes considerably. The excellent multicolor fluorescence and MRI functionalities of these nanoprobes could have potential biomedical applications.
Continuous Measurement of Ambient Aerosol Liquid Water Content in Beijing

ABSTRACTThe amount of liquid water present on ambient aerosol particles influences its radiative properties, the partitioning of gas-phase organic and inorganic compounds to the condensed phase, and the assessment of particle health effects upon inhalation. An improved home-made Dry-Ambient Aerosol Size Spectrometer (DAASS) was implemented and deployed at a sampling site in Beijing to measure water content and volumetric growth factor of fine ambient aerosol during clean and polluted days. Aerosol chemical composition was characterized by an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM). Meteorological conditions were also assessed to trace origin of the air masses arriving at the site. A thermodynamic model, ISORROPIA II, was used to predict aerosol water content based on inorganic compositions measured by ACSM. It was then compared with the aerosol water content measured by DAASS. During the two-week sampling period, an aerosol efflorescence behavior was observed around 50% relative humidity (RH). Aerosol at the sample location was predominantly alkaline, with an average acidity ratio of 1.3 during the polluted days but very variable during the clean days. This fact coupled with generally low ambient RH resulted in low amounts of liquid water detected during the campaign. When RH reached its maximum of 87% and aerosol appeared to be more acidic, the maximum amount of aerosol water content measured was 1.3 µg m–3 (44.9% wt of DAASS measured ambient aerosol). Measured aerosol water content and model predictions seem to show a better agreement during the more polluted days, but during the clean days aerosol organic fraction appears to have an important contribution in the water content. We argue that the organic-associated water is comparable with that associated with inorganic compositions during the clean periods at low ambient RH conditions.
Analysis of pressure-resistance calculating model of carbon nanotubes/carbon black/silicone rubber composite material

In the paper,flexible pressure sensitive composite materials of silicone rubber filled with carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and carbon black(CB) were prepared.The carbon black filled silicone rubber pressure-resistance calculating model is extended to carbon nanotubes/carbon black/silicone rubber composite materials.The percolation characteristics of carbon nanotubes/carbon black /silicone rubber with different mixing ratio were studied and calculating model was analyzed by the experiment.The results show that in carbon nanotubes/carbon black/silicon rubber system,the lower percolation threshold can be obtained by selecting the appropriate carbon nanotubes and carbon black mixing ratio,the smaller deviation of the experimental results and the calculating curve is got.For the synergistic effects of carbon nanotubes and carbon black in a rubber system and general effective media theory applicable boundary conditions,when CNTs/CB was in a certain mixing ratio,and volume fraction of slightly deviate from near percolation threshold,the experimental results are better consistent with the calculating model curve.
Vorschlag eines Weges zur einheitlichen Beschreibung der Elementarteilchen / Recommendation of a Way to a Unified Description of Elementary Particles

Abstract This paper presents a concise overview of a voluminous theoretical study whose subject is a unified description of elementary particles. First of all, the empirical basis of the theoretical deliberations is presented and the most promising logical path is explored. Proceeding from equivalence principles and the fact that a unified description of the material world must be a unified theory of elementary particles a path is sketched that leads from a classical gravitation theory and a nonhermitian quantum structure theory to a representation of unified terms in a 6-dimensional carrier space of a Hilbert space. The equivalence of mass terms and the eigenvalue spectrum is then discussed. The necessity of a polymetric structure theory is developed from the cosmogeny of a protouniverse. A further demonstration shows that the consequent realisation of such a polymetric representation allows the separation from the pseudo-continuum of the discrete point spectrum of ponderable mass terms (to be interpreted as elementary particles) of all possible energetic field masses. This provides the desired unified description of the characteristics of the elementary particles. From this description it is evident that these elementary particles appear as final units. Structural characteristics are determined by complicated time expanded inner structures that, among other things, determine radioactive decay. This overview introduces the developmental paths as a work that evidently leads to a unified quantum field theory of matter and gravitation.
The development and application of data analysis system for the determining of burning heat in Oxygen bomb

According to the theory of combustion in the oxygen bomb, a universal system was developed for oxygen bomb burning heat by using Matlab language. The system can not only analysis the data of organic combustion, but also use to the determination of the decompounded enthalpy of compounds and these complicated samples analysis, such as coal, sludge, life waste, architectural material, feed and concrete material etc. By using the optimizing model and adopting the least square method, the value of the temperature change in reaction and the results can be accurately calculated and the Reynolds calibrating curve can be drawn conveniently. The practical MATLAB program which analysis the determining data of oxygen bomb burning data was too listed. The research have referenced value for developing the application of the oxygen bomb technology and solving the actual problem with thermodynamic data.
Einsatzstähle in ihrer Feinkornbeständigkeit, heute und morgen∗

Kurzfassung Vor etwa 20 Jahren sind grundlegende Untersuchungen zur Feinkornbeständigkeit von Einsatzstählen nach betrieblicher Wärmebehandlung im Wesentlichen an dem Stahl 16MnCr5 durchgeführt worden. Nachfolgende Veröffentlichungen beschäftigten sich mit Cr-Mo-legierten Einsatzstählen. In der Hauptsache wurden Stähle mit Zusatz von Aluminium (Al) und Stickstoff (N) behandelt. Um die Jahrtausendwende kamen vermehrt Ergebnisberichte über weitere Zusätze wie Niob (Nb) und Titan (Ti), auch im Zusammenhang mit Referenz-Wärmebehandlungen, hinzu. Die vorliegende Veröffentlichung ergänzt die bisherigen Untersuchungen mit neuen Ergebnissen an weiteren konventionell hergestellten und betrieblich behandelten Stählen, z.B. der Legierungstypen CrNi, CrMo, MoCr, CrNiMo und MnCrB, sodass eine nahezu lückenlose Erfahrung von den herkömmlichen zu den zukünftigen Stählen für Hochtemperaturaufkohlung besteht. Wenn die Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Nitridauflösung und -ausscheidung beachtet werden, können praktisch alle Stähle nach den üblichen Vor-Wärmebehandlungen bei Herstellung und Weiterverarbeitung eine Aufkohlung bis etwa 1000 °C mit einer Haltedauer von mindestens vier Stunden ohne Grobkornbildung überstehen. Unterschiede zwischen betrieblicher Wärmebehandlung und Referenzbehandlung werden im Einzelnen behandelt. Darüber hinaus werden Hinweise zur fehlerarmen Herstellung des Stranggussvormaterials bis hin zum Walzen gegeben.
From "Double Negative"

"Double Negative" was orginally written on a three-day train trip across the Australian continent from Sydney to Perth. It was written as a series of alternating lyric entries in a notebook, our only ground rule being that we had to use the names of places we were travelling through as we were writing. This, of course, made the poem narrative from the outset. Our common motive in writing was to invent a woman's version of the long train poem and discover how the train, traditionally a phallic symbol, might be imaged in female sexual terms. After we got back to Canada and took a second look at what we had written, we realized that the desert (our route ran through the Nullarbor) was as much the subject of our writing as the train. So we decided to write a prose sequel, "Real 2," that would break the narrative frame, get off the track, and explore the desert and what it meant to us. Our ground rules for this collaboration were that we would work through our first collaboration, each writing on the other's entries in sequence, and that we would take phrases from each other's entries as titles for our own prose texts. This immediately pushed us into a more theoretical mode, as our subject then became each other's words rather than objects (towns, people, fauna and flora) outside the writing or (to use a train metaphor) the writing was passing through. Indeed this writing wanted to walk around in what is decidedly not an inert landscape (take language as landscape) and saw as problematic any fixed distinction between subject and object. In this series of excerpts, we juxtapose lyric entries with the prose texts generated from them.
Fabrication of high‐quality silica photonic crystals on polyester fabrics by gravitational sedimentation self‐assembly

A series of monodispersed silica microspheres with favourable sphericity and different diameters in the range 180–380 nm were prepared by adjusting the concentrations of tetraethylorthosilicate, ammonia, and deionised water by the Stober method. In different self-assembly conditions, the quality of silica photonic crystals on a polyester fabric substrate was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy for the morphology of the crystal structures and by spectrometry for their stop band intensities. High-quality silica photonic crystals with a face-centred cubic (fcc) array on polyester fabrics were produced at a low evaporation rate by adopting a high-relative-humidity controlled condition with a medium mass fraction of colloidal silica, and exhibited brilliant and variable structural colours, depending on the photonic band gap regulated by the spherical size of the silica microspheres and the viewing angles.
Effective Text Question Analysis for Goal-oriented Dialogue

The purpose of this study is to understand the intention of the inquirer from the single text type question in Goal-oriented dialogue. Goal-Oriented Dialogue system means a dialogue system that satisfies the user's specific needs via text or voice. The intention analysis process is a step of analysing the user's intention of inquiry prior to the answer generation, and has a great influence on the performance of the entire Goal-Oriented Dialogue system. The proposed model was used for a daily chemical products domain and Korean text data related to the domain was used. The analysis is divided into a speech-act which means independent on a specific field concept-sequence and which means depend on a specific field. We propose a classification method using the word embedding model and the CNN as a method for analyzing speech-act and concept-sequence. The semantic information of the word is abstracted through the word embedding model, and concept-sequence and speech-act classification are performed through the CNN based on the semantic information of the abstract word. Keyword : Intent-Analysing, Goal-oriented Dialogue, CNN(Convolutional Neural Network), concept-sequence, speech-act Copyright C 2016 Korean Institute of Broadcast and Media Engineers. All rights reserved. “This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons BY-NC-ND (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and not altered. ” a) 세종대학교 디지털콘텐츠학과(Department of Digital
SYNTHESIS OF 6-[~(18)F]FLUORO-L-DOPA

F]Fluoro L dopa ( 18 FDOPA) is synthesized from the starting material nitro vera traldehyde via multi step reaction by nucleophilic displacement combined with chiral catalytic phase transfer alkylation techniques and the enantiomeric purity of 18 FDOPA is determined by HPLC method using a chiral mobil phase and reversed phase C18 column. The results show that the total time of synthesis is less than 120 min, the total radiochemical yield from potassium [ 18 F ]fluoride is about 6.3 % with decay correction and the enantiomeric purity and radiochemical purity are high than 95 % and 99 %, respectively. The practical techniques are provided for the radiochemical synthesis and entiomeric purity determination of 18 FDOPA and other [ 18 F]fluoro L amino acids.
A Study on Modal Fabric using Formic Acid Treatment for K/S, SEM and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Modal is a second generation regenerated cellulosic fiber obtained from wood pulp, particularly from the beech tree wood. Modal was at first introduced by Lenzing AG Company of Austria. Modal is very soft, shiny in nature and silk feel than mercerized cotton with the ability to absorb up to 50% more water than cotton. In this study, modal fabrics (woven and knitted) are selected and conventionally pretreated and subjected with 98% formic acid in different concentrations. The formic acid treated modal fabrics were then undergone for different testings, such as, physical properties, wicking, K/S values, fastness properties, SEM studies and FTIR analysis. These treatments on modal fabrics were correspondingly compared with those of cotton for its effectiveness.
Natural organic matter fractionation: XAD resins versus UF membranes. An investigation into THM formation

An increase in reservoir water colour over the last 10 years has been impacting on the ability of water treatment works (WTWs) in the UK to meet THM regulations. The problem is exacerbated in autumn particularly after heavy rainfall. It appears that residual organics are labile precursors to disinfection by-products (DBPs). One WTW was investigated to determine a link between raw water characteristics and reactivity with chlorine. Bulk water parameters were measured but the information obtained was limited. To further characterise the water, samples of reservoir water were fractionated using XAD resins and UF membranes. The resulting fractions were subjected to analysis of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), UV absorbance at 254 nm (UV 254 ), specific UV absorbance (SUVA) defined as the ratio of UV 254 to DOC and trihalomethane formation potential (THM-FP). The samples were also characterised using high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). Both methods of fractionation described here have limitations in explaining the bulk water behaviour. The relationship between SUVA and THM-FP was discussed. HPSEC showed that the size distribution of the resin separated and membrane separated fractions was similar indicating that the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the membranes is not sharp.