Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of internal fracture process of double network hydrogels under uniaxial elongation

Previously we revealed that the high toughness of double network hydrogels (DN gels) derives from the internal fracture of the brittle network during deformation, which dissipates energy as sacrificial bonds. In this study, we intend to elucidate the detailed internal fracture process of DN gels. We quantitatively analysed the tensile hysteresis and re-swelling behaviour of a DN gel that shows a well-defined necking and strain hardening, and obtained the following new findings: (1) fracture of the 1st network PAMPS starts far below the yielding strain, and 90% of the initially load-bearing PAMPS chains already break at the necking point. (2) The dominant internal fracture process occurs in the necking and hardening region, although the softening mainly occurs before necking. (3) The internal fracture efficiency is very high, 85% of the work is used for the internal fracture and 9% of all PAMPS chains break at sample failure. (4) The internal fracture is anisotropic, fracture occurs perpendicular to the tensile direction, in preference to the other two directions, but the fracture anisotropy decreases in the hardening region. Results (1) and (2) are in agreement with a hierarchical structural model of the PAMPS network. Based on these findings, we present a revised description of the fracture process of DN gels.
Evaluation of remediation in heavy metal tolerance and removal by Comamonas acidovorans MTCC 3364

Comamonas acidovorans has vital role in degradation of natural as well as complex organic compounds. Comamonas acidovorans MTCC 3364 is mainly used for bioconversion of different steroids but now it is a novel approach on bioremediation. In heavy metals hexavalent chromium, mercury and lead is very toxic and carcinogenic for human health. Organism can tolerate heavy metals like hexavalent chromium, mercury, lead and aluminium with high efficiency. Removal of hexavalent chromium is major problem to textile as well as different industries. Comamonas acidovorans MTCC 3364 removed 99% of the hexavalent chromium from the medium and it can tolerate up to 600 ppm of chromium and 200 ppm of mercury in solidified medium. This organism shows high tolerance against salt i.e. it can tolerate up to 10% of salt. Chromium removal was also observed by using biosorption studies and MIC method. This bacteria increases pH during removal of chromium and makes chromium oxide which is trivalent chromium; it is a non-toxic compound. High salt tolerance, heavy metal tolerance and removal of hexavalent chromium make applicability in the treatment of waste water technology and treatment of industrial effluent which contain high amount of salt and heavy metals.
INTENSITY ENHANCEMENT IN THE EMISSION SPECTRA OF Sb, Sn, AND W IONS DUE TO THE MIXING OF CONFIGURATIONS WITH SYMMETRIC EXCHANGE OF SYMMETRY

The essential narrowing of emission spectrum due to the conguration mixing with a symmetric exchange of symmetry is considered for ions with an open 4d N electron shell. The relativistic CI calculations have been performed for Sn 9+ nSn 12+ and Sb 10+ nSb 11+ ions, which are the most promising emitters for EUV lithography, and for W q+ ions, which give a strong undesirable emission in tokamak plasma. It is shown that the inclusion of interaction with other energetically neighbouring congurations only weakly inuences the integral characteristics of the main group of lines or quasicontinuum band n its total intensity, width, and shape. The similarity between photoexcitation and emission spectra, related with the ground level, that has been previously established for highly charged tungsten ions, manifests itself also at medium ionization degrees. The relative widths of intense groups of lines in such spectra of tin and antimony ions increase in comparison with tungsten; however, the spectra of Sn 9+ and Sb 10+ with a half-lled 4d 5 shell have an extremely narrow width.
Economic Evaluation of Supported-Employment Inspired Program for Pupils With Intellectual Disabilities

In this study, we investigate whether, or to what degree, a ‘business case’ could be made for implementation of a Supported-Employment (SE) inspired program for pupils with intellectual disabilities (IDs), starting during the final school years. For this aim, we do a quasi-experimental before-after intervention impact evaluation of such a project funded by the European Social Fund in the Swedish city of Orebro (135,000 inhabitants) during 2010–2013. From an estimate of the average treatment effect, we calculate the internal net present value and the payback period that would make this program break even from avoided expenditure for day-activity services, assuming that it had been funded entirely by the municipality.
Optical measures of dust velocities and direction during loss of vacuum accidents in confined environment and correlation between dust positions and properties with the resuspension degrees and the velocity modules

Dust explosions are dangerous events that still today represent a risk to all the industries that produce and/or handle combustible dust like the agro-alimentary, pharmaceutical and energy ones. When a dust cloud is dispersed in an oxidant gas, like air, it may reach the explosive concentration range. A model to predict the dust critical conditions, that can cause explosions, is a key factor for safety of operators and the security of the plants. The key point to predict this dust resuspension is to measure the velocity vectors of dust under the accidental conditions. In order to achieve this goal the authors have developed an experimental facility, STARDUST-U, which allow to obtain different conditions of temperature and pressurization rates characteristic of accidents in confined environment. The authors have developed also optical methods and software to analyse different dust resuspension phenomena under different conditions in confined environment. In this paper, the author will present how they measure the dust velocity vectors in different experimental conditions (and for different type of dusts) and how they have related the dust characteristics and positions inside STARDUST-U with the resuspension degree and the velocity values.
Acceptance and usability of technology-supported interventions for motivating patients with COPD to be physically active

In chronic care, technology can play an important role to increase the quality and efficiency of healthcare. But to be successful, healthcare technology needs to be acceptable, usable, and easily integrated into daily life. As a consequence, end-users need to be actively involved in the design process. In the European IS-ACTIVE project, we developed technology-supported interventions that promote physical activity in patients with COPD, by using an ambulant activity coach and an interactive game. In this paper, we elaborate on the design, involving the end-users, to develop interventions that are highly usable and well accepted.
INVESTIGATING EFFECTS OF PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY ON OVERALL SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: CASE OF SAUDI AIRLINES

An increase in information readiness and intense competition between service organizations leads to more challenges in the business environment. On top of these service characteristics and need for a human touch are additional challenges for airline companies, not only to be successful but also to survive. Thus, knowing what airline customers think about an airline and gauging their satisfaction levels are of utmost importance. The aim of this study is to analyse the perceptions of service quality and levels of satisfaction among customers of the national airline of Saudi Arabia. To do so, it adopts the Airline Quality (AIRQUAL) scale. This scale comprises 44 items on seven distinct dimensions, namely; airline tangibles, terminal tangibles, personnel, empathy, image, perceived service quality, and customer satisfaction. Results of extensive data analysis support significant relationships with these study dimensions. Most notably, ‘Airline Tangibles’ are found to be the most influential factor creating a pool of satisfied airline customers. The text discusses the findings and implications of the survey.
Intellectual Capital Management as Part of Knowledge Management Initiatives at Institutions of Higher Learning

Aspects such as human capital, structural capital and customer capital are important variables of the whole intellectual capital management programme, which forms part of the knowledge management initiatives of institutes of higher learning. The skills and expertise of university staff as part of its human capital are discussed. Structural capital will encompass aspects such as the role of innovation and intellectual property rights. Customer capital of the university and the knowledge of stakeholders in the field of tertiary education are becoming more important. The results of a study done at a South African university are used to indicate which of these aspects needs to be measured and a new framework for measurement and management of IC is discussed.
Why Should Companies Implement Environmental and Social Policies

Following the publication of the Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987, many managers, researchers, and investors have questioned how and why companies should address environmental and social concerns. This article empirically investigates how environmental and social policies strengthen organizational capabilities, and how organizational capabilities subsequently affect competitive benefits. In the energy and utilities industry, we found that social policies have significant positive relations with investments in one particular organizational capability. In the manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries, however, we could not find significant positive relations between environmental and social policies and investments in organizational capabilities, indicating that managers are not implementing these policies in a way that strengthens organizational capabilities. We also found that the pathways that connect organizational capabilities and competitive benefits differ across industries. This study suggests that managers should consider industry characteristics carefully while investing in organizational capabilities in order to make effective use of these investments.
Eisen aus Ustruschana und Tiegelstahl aus dem Fergana-Becken. Forschungen zur mittelalterlichen Eisenproduktion in Mittelasien

L'A. retrace l'histoire medievale de la production de fer a Ustruschana et de la production d'acier au creuset dans le bassin de Fergana en Asie Centrale, du IX e au XIV e siecle. Il emet des hypotheses geologiques a partir de la decouverte d'objets en pierre, fer, argent et email sur les sites archeologiques de Myk et de Eski Achsy, qui constituent l'heritage metallurgique le plus important d'Asie Centrale
FROM MANAGING INFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRIES TOWARDS A SYSTEMIC ASYMMETRIES APPROACH IN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER : A critique based on the SME strategy at ONERA – the French Aerospace

In such a cooperative innovation process, we will show that certain collaborative tools or practices emerge, aimed at reducing information asymmetries or acting as compensation mechanisms for other types of asymmetries between the partners at a microeconomic level; especially in France where there is a gap between the public R&D laboratories and the SMEs in terms of Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs). Some of these compensation mechanisms, particularly those related to the knowledge management, could be adapted and reshaped for agents engaged in R&D and innovation in various other sectors, perhaps inducing positive amplification effects on innovation behavior, and thereby on economic growth at the macroeconomic level within the “national innovation system”.
Multi-modal modelling with multi-module mechanics : Autonomy in a computational model of language learing

Autonomy has been the subject of many claims, and what is needed most urgently is a summary and analysis of the major claims. Only once we have established what is meant by ‘autonomy’, and what is claimed under this rubric, can we hope to decide a question which relate as much to the Philosophy of Science as to Empirical Science per se. Nonetheless, the philosophy which guides our science can have considerable impact on the results of our research, not to mention the short shrift which we may give, or meet from, those working within other paradigms. This is the context in which this volume has arisen. With this in mind it may be helpful to reveal the biases which lie behind this essay, and the directions in which it will seek to influence the field. The perspective is that of a (hopefully not too impertinent) Computer Scientist seeking the gems throughout Cognitive Science which might be useful in his ambition of building a Language Learning system (Powers: 1983, 84, 85, 89, 91). Machine Learning of Natural Language and Ontology (MLNLO), or simply Natural Language Learning (NLL), is pursued from two perspectives: the artificial intelligence or engineering perspective and the psycholinguistic or scientific perspective. In the present Chomskian era of linguistic claims of the autonomy of language, a new slant emerges: NLL may help provide answers to the philosophical, teleological and neurological questions of whether language is learnt,
ON THE DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING PRINCIPLE FOR CONTROLLED DIFFUSION PROCESSES IN A CYLINDRICAL REGION

We prove the dynamic programming principle for a class of diusion processes controlled up to the time of exit from a cylindrical region (0;T) G. It is assumed that the functional to be maximized is in the Lagrange form with nonnegative integrand. Besides this we only adopt the standard assumptions, ensuring the existence of a unique strong solution of a stochastic dierential equation for the controlled process.
Facebook as a Digital Public Sphere: Processes of Colonization and Emancipation

In this article, Facebook, as a communicative space, is treated as a public sphere in order to identify processes of colonization and emancipation. The analysis focuses on Facebook’s communicative-structural contexts, in particular from the viewpoint of user terms, user manoeuvre, privacy/data use policy, and ownership and use of uploaded material. The analysis is also based on qualitative data from Danish Facebook users, where the focus was on the users’ motivation and use, their perceptions of ownership and consumerism, as well as their views on the public/private distinction that Facebook allows for/commands for. Theoretically, the article is grounded in Jurgen Habermas’ various writings on the public sphere, as well as ‘digital adaptations’ to his theory. When looked upon from the communicative-structural contexts, processes of colonization are apparent, particularly in the various grey zones identified in Facebook’s privacy/data use policy, its state-ments of rights and responsibilities and in the fashion in which users are treated as consumers. Even though the Danish Facebook users identified with this, they still conceive of Facebook as being an emancipative communicative space, as they prioritize different features of Facebook, namely networking, practical organisation, maintaining friendships, and leisure.
Integration And Reinforcement Of Mechanical Engineering Skills Beginning In The First Year Design Experience

As the first step in implementing a Student-driven Pedagogy of Integrated, Reinforced, Active Learning (SPIRAL) throughout our Mechanical Engineering curriculum, we are modifying two freshman courses to introduce, integrate and sequentially reinforce multiple engineering topics that lay a foundation for subsequent, more focused ME coursework. Our approach builds on Bruner’s 1 concept of a “‘spiral curriculum’ that turns back on itself at higher levels” through repetition at ever-increasing depths of knowledge. By integrating topics throughout the curriculum that are typically only taught in separate, disconnected engineering classes, and doing so in a design-oriented context, students are forced to repeatedly “parallel process” various engineering skills much as they will be expected to do in engineering practice. Integration also facilitates a redistribution of engineering topics throughout the entire curriculum that (1) reinforces student understanding and retention through reinforcement at short intervals, and (2) minimizes fading of conceptual knowledge due to extended disuse – as is often problematic in the traditional ME curriculum.
GENOMIC PREDICTIONS OF FERTILITY RELATED DISORDERS

26 The aim was to investigate whether including information from later lactations improves 27 accuracy of genomic breeding values for the 4 fertility related disorders cystic ovaries, retained 28 placenta, metritis and silent heat. Data consisted of health records from 6,015,245 lactations 29 from 2,480,976 Norwegian Red cows, recorded from 1979 to 2012. These were daughters of 30 3,675 AI-bulls. The mean frequency of these disorders for cows in lactation 1-5 ranged from 31 0.6% to 2.4% for cystic ovaries, 1.0% to 1.5% for metritis, 1.9% to 4.1% for retained placenta 32 and 2.4% to 3.8% for silent heat. Genomic information was available for all sires, and the 312 33 youngest bulls were used for validation. After standard editing of a 25k/54k SNP dataset that 34 was imputed both ways, a total of 48,249 SNP loci was available for genomic predictions. 35 Genomic breeding values were predicted using univariate GBLUP for first lactation only 36 (GEBV-1) and for the first 5 lactations (GEBV-S), and multivariate GBLUP with 5 lactations 37 for each disorder was also used for genomic predictions (GEBV-M). Correlations between EBV 38 for the 4 traits in 5 lactations with GEBV-1, GEBV-S and GEBV-M were compared. Accuracy 39 ranged from 0.47 and 0.51 for cystic ovaries, 0.50 to 0.74 for retained placenta, 0.21 to 0.47 for 40 metritis and 0.22 to 0.60 for silent heat. Including later lactations in a multitrait G-BLUP 41 improved accuracy of GEBV for cystic ovaries, retained placenta and silent heat, while for 42 metritis no obvious advantage in accuracy was found. 43
Split Questionnaire Design

Instead of the heuristic randomization methods to design split questionnaires that are currently used in applied and academic research, we develop a methodology to design the split questionnaire to minimize information loss. Because the number of possible questionnaire designs is exponential in the number of questions, we apply the Modified Federov algorithm, using Kullback Leibler Distance as a design criterion, to find the optimal splits. First of all, we illustrate the efficiency of the Modified Federov Algorithm on a small synthetic questionnaire, which enables the enumeration of all possible designs for comparison. Second, we compare the efficiency of split questionnaires generated with the proposed method to multiple matrix sampling (randomly generated designs) and a heuristic procedure based on principal components analysis, on synthetic and empirical data. We generate split questionnaire designs selecting either entire blocks of questions (between-block design) or sets of questions in each block (withinblock design). Finally, we illustrate that due to reduced respondent burden the quality of data using split designs increases, compared to a full questionnaire in a field study.
Development of the Health Index (HI) Statistical Equation as an Alternative Clinical Parameter to the Body Mass Index in the Prediction of Body Fat Percentage

Metabolic syndrome is increasing in prevalence in the United States. Body Mass Index is a formula most commonly used to assess body fat percentage. However, the formula contains significant limitations and inefficiencies. As a result, the Health Index equation was developed as an alternative to the BMI. Data from 79 healthy individuals, as defined by the absence of metabolic syndrome risk factors, was collected and a relationship was established between their BMI and body fat percentage. The results showed the BMI produced a poor correlation with the body fat percentage while the Health Index metric produced a stronger correlation to actual body fat percentage.
Swarm Based Intelligence Routing Algorithm (Ant Colony)

: The basis of the algorithm Swarm Intelligence (SI) Protocol, gives idea to difficult and intelligent characteristic through simple, non centralized and unsupervised interactions between a large sheer of autonomous swarm intelligent members. The algorithm ant colony optimization algorithm is popular due to its dynamic and adaptive nature in the real time system. It is concerened mainly with ants which find the shortest routing path to food by secreting a substance called pheromone. All the other ants follow the initial ant which took the shortest path from source to destination. When a obstacle or disturbance is faced by any other ant, further finds a new shortest path from source to destination and all other ants follow the new ant.
Randomised observation, control and stabilization of waves

The problems of observing, controlling and stabilizing wave processes arise in many different contexts ranging from structural mechanics to seismic waves. In a suitable functional setting, they are closely interconnected and sometimes completely equivalent. In a series of previous articles we have addressed the problem of the optimal design of sensors for purely conservative wave models. We analyzed a relaxed version of the optimal observation problem, considering the expectation of solutions under a randomisation procedure, rather than that where all possible solutions are considered in a purely deterministic setting. From an analytical point of view, this randomisation procedure had the advantage of leading to a spectral diagonalisation of the observations. In this way, using fine asymptotic spectral properties of the Laplacian, we disclosed the links between the geometric properties of the domain where waves propagate and the existence of optimal locations for the sensors or, by the contrary, the emergence of relaxation phenomena. Here we show that spectral randomised observability is equivalent to the property of spectral controllability by means of a discrete set of lumped controls acting everywhere on the domain, and distributed according to the shape of the eigenfunctions. Our results on optimal observation then find natural equivalents on the problem of optimal spectral control. We also give an interpretation of these results in terms of a feedback stabilization property, ensuring the exponential decay of the energy of solutions as time tends to infinity.