Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of OFDI on Host Country Energy Consumption and Home Country Energy Efficiency Based on a Belt and Road Perspective

Under the Belt and Road concepts of mutual benefit and win–win cooperation, China is strengthening its energy cooperation with other countries. We used several econometric models and social network analysis models to study the impacts of China’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on the host and home countries. We first examined China’s OFDI location preference and analysed the effects of OFDI on energy consumption in host countries. Meanwhile, we observed the impact of the reverse spillover effect of OFDI on China’s energy efficiency. The results indicate that (1) the impact of China’s OFDI on energy consumption in host countries has been lower than that on neighbouring countries, and increased significantly after 2014. (2) The space network of energy consumption in Belt and Road countries has a strict hierarchical structure. However, it was disbanded by the Belt and Road policy in 2014. The network centres are situated primarily in Middle Eastern and European countries, and the network’s periphery is mainly in South-East and West Asian countries. (3) The reverse spillover effects of OFDI, FDI, domestic R&D absorptive capacity, human capital, and financial development levels are conducive to improving China’s energy efficiency whereas regional professionalism does the opposite.
Temperature‐based phenology model of African citrus triozid (Trioza erytreae Del Guercio): Vector of citrus greening disease

The African citrus triozid (ACT), Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is the major vector of the ‘Candidatus Liberibacter africanus’, associated with the African citrus greening disease [huanglongbing (HLB)]. Although T. erytreae is a very destructive pest in citrus production with yield losses up to 100%, there is limited information on its thermal biology, which is a prerequisite for developing an environmentally friendly management strategy. This study investigated the effect of temperature on the development and survival of T. erytreae under eight constant temperatures (10, 15, 18, 20, 22, 24, 27 and 30°C), relative humidity of 65 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 12D:12L. Using Insect Life Cycle Modeling software, we fitted linear and non‐linear models to T. erytreae development and mortality data. The best‐fitted functions were compiled for each life stage to yield a phenology model. Our findings revealed that temperature had a significant effect on the development of all the immature stages. No complete development was observed at 10, 27 and 30°C. The developmental time of eggs ranged from 5.27 days at 24°C to 13.5 days at 15°C. The lowest developmental temperature threshold ranged between 3 and 15°C, with thermal constants ranging between 16.7 and 100 degree‐days. The 1st nymphal instars recorded the highest mortality at 15°C. The highest survival rates of the 3rd instar nymphs were recorded at 20°C. The model predicted that temperatures between 20 and 25°C were optimal for the survival of all the immature life stages, except for the 1st nymphal instars. Our results provide relevant information on the impact of temperature on the development and survival of T. erytreae, which is essential for the development of more efficient management strategies.
A Survey of Hand Posture and Gesture Recognition Techniques and Technology

This paper surveys the use of hand postures and gestures as a mechanism for interaction with computers, describing both the various techniques for performing accurate recognition and the technological aspects inherent to posture- and gesture-based interaction. First, the technological requirements and limitations for using hand postures and gestures are described by discussing both glove-based and vision-based recognition systems along with advantages and disadvantages of each. Second, the various types of techniques used in recognizing hand postures and gestures are compared and contrasted. Third, the applications that have used hand posture and gesture interfaces are examined. The survey concludes with a summary and a discussion of future research directions.
Compact High Gain Multiband Antenna Based on Split Ring Resonator and Inverted F Slots for 5G Industry Applications

─ This paper presents the design, optimization, fabrication, and measurement of the compact high gain microstrip antenna with a split ring resonator and set of inverted-F slots along with a matching stub for sub-6 GHz5G applications. In this investigation, different iterations are visualized by incorporating inverted F slots, a split ring resonator, and a matching stub in the transmission line. The advantages of each incorporated structure are analyzed, and a hybrid antenna consisting of the combination is proposed as a final antenna configuration with the optimum results. The proposed final design attains compactness and multi-band operation. Impedance matching is improved by using the stub matched technique at the feed line. The designed antenna shows the resonances at precisely 2.1 GHz, 3.3 GHz, and 4.1GHz. The proposed antenna is suitable for mobile cellular communication such as the LTE band (2.1 GHz), n78 band (3.3 GHz), and n77 band (4.1 GHz) of 5G bands. The gain retrieved from each band attains more than 5 dB value. Index Terms ─ Fifth generation (5G), inverted F-slot, Split Ring Resonator (SRR), stub matching.
Collection and Analysis of Emotional Data in Bulletin Board System Forum of University

BBS (Bulletin Board System) forum of campus provides a main platform that students from the same university can communicate with each other by posting a post or comment others posts. The posts and comments in campus BBS contain useful information about the students. In this paper, we design and implement a program to collect the emotional data that were generated in the last two months in BBS of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and analyze the fluctuation of the emotion along with time. Firstly, we implement a simple crawler to fetch the content of posts and comments; secondly, using Chinese lexical analysis system to get the words; then, give each word an emotional tendency (positive or negative) by using lexicon and analyze the result.
Evaluation of subgrid-scale models in large-eddy simulations of turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller

The current research of large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flow in pumps mainly concentrates in applying conventional subgrid-scale (SGS) model to simulate turbulent flow, which aims at obtaining the flow field in pump. The selection of SGS model is usually not considered seriously, so the accuracy and efficiency of the simulation cannot be ensured. Three SGS models including Smagorinsky-Lilly model, dynamic Smagorinsky model and dynamic mixed model are comparably studied by using the commercial CFD code Fluent combined with its user define function. The simulations are performed for the turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller. The simulation results indicate that the mean flows predicted by the three SGS models agree well with the experimental data obtained from the test that detailed measurements of the flow inside the rotating passages of a six-bladed shrouded centrifugal pump impeller performed using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). The comparable results show that dynamic mixed model gives the most accurate results for mean flow in the centrifugal pump impeller. The SGS stress of dynamic mixed model is decompose into the scale similar part and the eddy viscous part. The scale similar part of SGS stress plays a significant role in high curvature regions, such as the leading edge and training edge of pump blade. It is also found that the dynamic mixed model is more adaptive to compute turbulence in the pump impeller. The research results presented is useful to improve the computational accuracy and efficiency of LES for centrifugal pumps, and provide important reference for carrying out simulation in similar fluid machineries.
Modulation-doped InAs-InGaAs quantum dot longwave infrared photodetector with high quantum efficiency

A modulation-doped InAs-InGaAs quantum dot (QD) longwave infrared photodetector (QDIP) is reported with a detection peak wavelength of 8.2 µm. The QDIP showed a high photoresponsivity of 0.8 A/W and a high quantum efficiency of 3.4% at the bias voltage of 0.4 V. The performance demonstration indicates that the modulation-doped QDIP is suitable for longwave infrared photodetection.
Olfactory Sensilla and Olfactory Genes in the Parasitoid Wasp Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Simple Summary Parasitic wasps are the major natural enemies of many organisms, and therefore they are broadly used in the biological control of numerous agricultural and horticultural pests. For example, Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is a tiny natural egg parasitoid of various agricultural pest insects, including Plutella xylostella, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera frugiperda and Ectomyelois ceratoniae. However, how T. pretiosum seek and localise host insect eggs is still not clear. The olfactory system is critical in guiding insect behaviours, including mating, feeding and oviposition, which play pivotal roles in the interactions between parasitoid wasps and their hosts. This project aimed to investigate T. pretiosum major olfactory tissue (antennae) and the olfactory genes, including odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and odorant receptors (ORs). T. pretiosum adult antennae were examined under scanning electron microscopy, and four types of olfactory sensilla were observed. Using T. pretiosum genome, 22 OBPs and 105 ORs were identified, which were further compared with olfactory genes of other Hymenoptera insect species. The expression patterns of OBPs between T. pretiosum male and female adults were examined to identify female- or male-specific OBPs. This study enriches our knowledge of T. pretiosum olfactory system and will help better use it in the integrated pest management (IPM) for many insect pest species. Abstract Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is a tiny natural egg parasitoid of several agricultural pest insects, which has been widely used in the biological control for Plutella xylostella, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera frugiperda and Ectomyelois ceratoniae. However, limited studies have been conducted on T. pretiosum olfactory system, which is critical in regulating insect behaviours. In this study, T. pretiosum adult antennae were investigated under ascanning electron microscopy (SEM). Four types of olfactory sensilla were observed, including chaetica sensilla (CS), trichoid sensilla (TS), faleate sensilla (FS) and placoid sensilla (PS). Using T. pretiosum genome, 22 putative odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and 105 odorant receptors (ORs) were identified, which were further compared with olfactory genes of Apis mellifera, Nasonia vitripennis and Diachasma alloeum. The expression patterns of OBPs between T. pretiosum male and female adults were examined by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) approaches. Three female-specific OBPs (TpreOBP19, TpreOBP15 and TpreOBP3) were identified, which may play crucial roles in T. pretiosum host-seeking and oviposition behaviours. This study enriches our knowledge of T. pretiosum olfactory genes and improves our understanding of its olfactory system.
Application of InGaP space solar cells for a radiation dosimetry at high dose rates environment of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant

ABSTRACT Decommissioning the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (1F) after the accident caused by a tsunami in 2011 requires characterization of the fuel debris by dose distribution measurement. This paper describes the experimental and theoretical behavior of a radiation detector applied with InGaP solar cells is investigated and allow the localization and characterization of the fuel debris. In the irradiation test, it was observed that the radiation-induced current output of the InGaP solar cells increases linearly with increasing dose rates of 60Co γ-rays. For measurements at low dose rates, it becomes clear that the minimum detectable dose rate and resolution can be determined by analyzing the noise characterization. The maximum detectable level of radiation dosimetry for the InGaP solar cell was found to be higher than the highest γ-ray dose rate observable at the reactor core for 1F plants. Additionally, as an analysis of the radiation-induced current, it is attempted to express a relational expression between the absorbed dose rate and the creation of radiation-induced current pairs in the solar cells. The experimental and simulation results suggest that solar cells can be powerful tools for radiation dosimetry in high dose rate environments near the debris of the 1F plant.
Prandtl number dependence of stellar convection: Flow statistics and convective energy transport

Context. The ratio of kinematic viscosity to thermal di ﬀ usivity, the Prandtl number, is much smaller than unity in stellar convection zones. Aims. The main goal of this work is to study the statistics of convective ﬂows and energy transport as functions of the Prandtl number. Methods. Three-dimensional numerical simulations of compressible non-rotating hydrodynamic convection in Cartesian geometry are used. The convection zone (CZ) is embedded between two stably stratiﬁed layers. The dominant contribution to the di ﬀ usion of entropy ﬂuctuations comes in most cases from a subgrid-scale di ﬀ usivity whereas the mean radiative energy ﬂux is mediated by a di ﬀ usive ﬂux employing Kramers opacity law. Here, we study the statistics and transport properties of up- and downﬂows separately. Results. The volume-averaged rms velocity increases with decreasing Prandtl number. At the same time, the ﬁlling factor of down- ﬂows decreases and leads to, on average, stronger downﬂows at lower Prandtl numbers. This results in a strong dependence of convective overshooting on the Prandtl number. Velocity power spectra do not show marked changes as a function of Prandtl number except near the base of the convective layer where the dominance of vertical ﬂows is more pronounced. At the highest Reynolds numbers, the velocity power spectra are more compatible with the Bolgiano-Obukhov k − 11 / 5 than the Kolmogorov-Obukhov k − 5 / 3 scaling. The horizontally averaged convected energy ﬂux ( F conv ), which is the sum of the enthalpy ( F enth ) and kinetic energy ﬂuxes ( F kin ), is independent of the Prandtl number within the CZ. However, the absolute values of F enth and F kin increase monotonically with decreasing Prandtl number. Furthermore, F enth and F kin have opposite signs for downﬂows and their sum F ↓ conv diminishes with Prandtl number. Thus, the upﬂows (downﬂows) are the dominant contribution to the convected ﬂux at low (high) Prandtl numbers. These results are similar to those from Rayleigh-Benárd convection in the low Prandtl number regime where convection is vigorously turbulent but ine ﬃ cient at transporting energy. Conclusions. The current results indicate a strong dependence of convective overshooting and energy ﬂux on the Prandtl number. Nu- merical simulations of astrophysical convection often use a Prandtl number of unity because it is numerically convenient. The current results suggest that this can lead to misleading results and that the astrophysically relevant low Prandtl number regime is qualitatively di ﬀ erent from the parameter regimes explored in typical contemporary simulations.
Knockdown of MALAT1 attenuates pyroptosis in diabetic cerebral ischemia via STAT1

Background Dysregulated long non-coding RNAs participate in the development of diabetic cerebral ischemia. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of lncRNA MALAT1 in diabetic cerebral ischemia. Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to establish diabetic cerebral I/R in vivo. TTC and neurological deficits assessment were performed to assess cerebral ischemic injury. LDH was conducted to detect cytotoxicity. RT-qPCR and western blotting assays were applied to determine mRNA and protein expression. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the pyroptosis of BV2 cells. Immunofluorescence and FISH were conducted for subcellular localization of MALAT1 and STAT1. ELISA was performed to determine cytokine release. Dual luciferase reporter, RIP, and ChIP assays were used to validate the interaction between STAT1 and MALAT1/NLRP3. Results Diabetes aggravated cerebral injury in vivo and in vitro. Diabetic cerebral ischemia induced inflammatory response and inflammation-induced cell pyroptosis. MALAT1 was overexpressed in diabetic cerebral ischemia models in vivo and in vitro. However, knockdown of MALAT1 suppressed inflammatory response and the pyroptosis of BV2 cells. Moreover, MALAT1 interacted with STAT1 to transcriptionally activate NLRP3. Knockdown of STAT1 significantly reversed the effects of MALAT1. Furthermore, STAT1 upregulated MALAT1 expression. Conclusion MALAT1 interacts with STAT1 to promote the pyroptosis of neural cells induced by diabetic cerebral ischemia through regulating NLRP3. Therefore, knockdown of MALAT1 may be a promising therapy for diabetic cerebral ischemia.
A Generic Morphing Wing Analysis and Design Framework

A generic framework for morphing wing aeroelastic analysis and design is presented. The wing is discretised into an arbitrary number of wing segments. Two types of actuation mechanisms are identified: inter-rib mechanisms operating across a wing segment and intra-rib mechanisms acting between two adjacent wing segments. Virtually, any shape can be obtained by distributing four morphing modes over the entire morphing wing. Three are an intra-rib mechanism and one is an inter-rib mechanism. The intra-rib modes are wing shear, twist and extension, and the inter-rib mode is wing folding. The wing is modeled using a close coupling between a non-linear beam formulation and Weissinger aerodynamics. The framework is intended to aid quick preliminary design of morphing wings to trade-off contradictory requirements in a flight mission. The morphing wing can be optimized for discrete points in the flight mission, and for the entire flight mission. The framework can be used to predict aerodynamic performance, load distribution, aeroelastic deformations, and the required actuation forces and moments and corresponding actuation energy. Therefore, the performance gains of wing morphing can be weighed against the energy costs and weight penalties due to the presence of the actuators. The functionality of the framework is demonstrated by making use of a folding and sweeping wing test case.
Measuring horizontal collaboration intensity in supply chain: a graph–theoretic approach

Supply chain (SC) collaboration is the prerequisite for successful procurement and operational business practices for short life cycle products, especially due to competitive marketplace, globalisation and rapid change of technologies. This study focuses on the semiconductor industry as the case industry to demonstrate the evaluation of horizontal collaboration among the SC partners. It uses a graph–theoretic framework to comprehensively assess the intensity of collaboration with respect to individual horizontal collaboration initiatives. This framework considers the interdependencies and inheritances among the critical collaboration attributes to analyse the complex and unstructured problem of determining compatibility among competing suppliers. A compatibility measure, termed as horizontal collaboration intensity (HCI), is developed to assess the relationships among these evaluation attributes and evaluate the success of the collaboration initiative. An illustrative example using a focus group case study from a semiconductor industry demonstrates the applicability of the proposed framework for the measurement of horizontal collaboration initiative.
Java Inspection Framework: Developing Field Inspection Support Systems for Civil Systems Inspection

In order to provide useful and practical computing support for inspectors in the field performing inspection activities, computer systems have to be designed and customized to recognize the specific task and context of the inspection. Unfortunately, the development of field inspection support systems is difficult and still suffers from a lack of more general design knowledge. Effort is wasted when implementing different applications that share some common aspects. This paper presents a partial solution to the difficult problem of developing field inspection support systems—a modular and customizable software environment to facilitate the construction of such applications.
Application of synchronised phasor measurements to wide-area fault diagnosis and location

This study introduces a novel approach to power system fault diagnosis by synchronised phasor measurements. Conventionally, faults are diagnosed through the status of protective relays and circuit breakers which are activated following a fault. However, the hidden failures of the protection system has itself often been among the main suspects of partial or widespread blackouts. This study proposes an alternative fault diagnosis approach independent of the function of the protection system. An analytical method is introduced for power system fault diagnosis using dispersed synchronised measurements and bus impedance matrix ( Z bus). Fault inception is first detected by local phasor measurement units (PMUs). Fault diagnosis is then carried out in a hierarchical manner so that first the faulted zone of the system is diagnosed, next the faulted line in the faulted zone is diagnosed and finally the fault point along the diagnosed line is located by gradient descent. The proposed method is applied to the WSCC 9-bus, where fault incidents on all of the transmission lines are examined. Moreover, the proposed method is successfully applied to the IEEE 118-bus test system consisting of 28 PMUs, which demonstrates successful fault diagnosis and location for a large-scale power system despite the limited coverage of PMUs.
Integrable electronically tunable current conveyors

A generalised current conveyor, termed an electronically tunable second-generation current conveyor (ECCII), whose current-transfer ratio can be varied by electronic means, is introduced. A method is proposed for realising ECCII in monolithic integrated form providing both a positive and a negative ECCII in the same circuit. Experimental and simulation results demonstrating the circuit performance are included. Some simple applications which show that their circuit property can be varied by electronic means are also presented.
The role of hydrogen-based energy storage in the support of large-scale wind energy integration in island grids

To confront problems concerning large-scale integration of renewable energy sources, introduction of energy storage constantly gains ground. Benefits stemming from the adoption of energy storage include exploitation of otherwise rejected energy, increased reliability of energy supply and improved operation of a given power system overall. In this regard, contribution of such systems in achieving large-scale integration of wind energy into island grids is currently considered. More precisely, fuel cells and hydrogen storage (FC–HS) are investigated, in comparison with conventional batteries. For this purpose, a simulation algorithm is developed to study the energy performance of different FC–HS configurations used to recover wind energy curtailments. The developed algorithm is then applied to a representative Aegean island of medium–high quality wind potential. Results obtained indicate that FC–HS may become attractive in comparison with conventional batteries, only in the case that the use of hydrogen surplus to cover other energy flows is also put forward.