Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON THE DIFFUSION OF DYES WITHIN FIBRE IN THE MIXTURE DYEING I

The diffusion of dyes within the fiber in the mixture dyeing is discussed from the view point of the thermodynamic of irreversibl processes. The reciprocal coefficient is obtained from the apparent diffusion coefficient of each dye. It is shown that the concentration distribution of each dye in the fibre and each total amount of dye absorbed depend on the diffusion coefficient of each dye, the reciprocal coefficient between dyes and the ratio of equilibrium concentration of each dye. The behaviour of two dyes in the mixture dyeing especially depend on the reciprocal coefficient between them.
A NEW SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR DETERMINATION OF RIMONABANT IN BULK AND TABLETS

Rimonabant is an antiobesity drug which is CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist. Its main avenue of effect is reduction in appetite. So far only HPLC methods of analysis exist for the routine examination of drug. An attempt is hereby made to develop a simple spectrophotometric method for determination of drug from tablet dosage form. Rimonabant shows a maximum absorbance at 230 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 10-25 µg/ml. The method was validated statistically and recovery studies carried out.
Ultrafast synthesis of gold/proline-functionalized graphene quantum dots and its use for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of p-acetamidophenol

Gold/proline-functionalized graphene quantum dots were first reported. The growth of gold nanoparticles can complete within one minute. The resulting nanohybrid was used as a novel sensing material for electrochemical detection of p-acetamidophenol. Significant synergy between graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles was achieved, and the sensor offers ultrahigh sensitivity.
Psychometric Properties of the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) at the Emerging Adulthood

Perpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) in students. Methodology: In a descriptive-correlation and validation study, 216 and 226 graduate students from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad selected through multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Ryan & Connell, 1989), Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships (LaGuardia, et all, 2002) and Subjective Vitality Scale-State level Version (Ryan & Frederick, 1997). Internal consistency, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity were analyzed . Findings: The results showed that the scale had four-factor structure with the variance explained 67.20%. The confirmatory factor analysis was confirmed. The scale had good construction reliability. The criterion validity confirmed in relation to basic need satisfaction in relationships and subjective vitality in friendship (P≤0.01). Conclusion: The Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) had good internal consistency as well as exploratory and confirmatory validity in students. This questionnaire can be used as a valid instrument in future studies.
Autonomous Motivation and Information Security Policy Compliance: Role of Job Satisfaction, Responsibility, and Deterrence

Many existing studies focus on the effect of external influence mechanisms (e.g., deterrence) impacting information security policy compliance (ISPC). This study explores the formation of ISPC from an autonomous motivation perspective, based on social exchange theory and self-determination theory. Data were gathered by conducting a survey of 261 employees, with hierarchical regression analysis being used to test the hypotheses. The results indicated the following: First, job satisfaction and personal responsibility positively impact ISPC. Second, job satisfaction perceived by employees is positively linked to personal responsibility, where deterrence severity has a negative moderating effect on this relationship. Finally, personal responsibility mediates the relationship between job satisfaction and ISPC. This study suggests that organizational support should focus on promoting perceived self-determination of employees and that deterrence should be maintained at a moderate level to adapt to the organization’s security strategy and information security environment.
Mobilization of 2,4-dichlorophenol in soils by non-uniform electrokinetics

Non-uniform electrokinetic remediation is a promising technology under development. It does not disturb the natural environment during remediation and save energy at the same time. In this study, the mobilization and its affecting factors of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in sandy loam soil and light clay by non-uniform electrokinetics was investigated, through bench-scale experiments, to assess the feasibility of using non-uniform electrokinetic technology to remediate 2,4-DCP-contaminated soils. The results showed that non-uniform electrokinetic transport processes can effectively stimulate the desorption and movement of 2,4-DCP in the tested soils, depending upon the soil characteristics, the electrolysis reaction on electrodes and the operation mode. The movement of 2,4-DCP in the sandy loam towards the anode was about 1.0? cm·d~(-1) under a potential gradient of 1.0? V·cm~(-1), about 1.0～1.5? cm·d~(-1) slower than that in the light clay. Electromigration and electroosmotic flow were the main driving forces for the movement of 2,4-DCP, but electromigration played a predominant role in the mobilization, especially under higher pH condition or over extended treatment time. When the sandy loam was adjusted to pH 9.3, the movement of 2,4-DCP towards the anode was about five times greater than that at pH 7.7. Electrolysis of pore fluids on electrodes influenced soil pH and the ionization of 2,4-DCP, and induced the changes in the mobilization of 2,4-DCP, depending upon the acid-base buffering capacity and zeta potential of the tested soils. In addition, the movement of 2,4-DCP in the soils can be regulated by the operation mode. It is believed that non-uniform electrokinetics has the potential for practical application in the remediation of 2,4-DCP contaminated soils.
A Sealed Xenon Gas Scintillation Proportional Counter for X-Ray Astronomy

A gas scintillation proportional counter operating without the conventional gas purification system, for use in instruments for X-ray astronomy, is under development. A parallel grid detector has been built employing ultra high vacuum technology, equipped with a caesium getter to maintain purity, filled with xenon at one atmosphere and sealed. The detector does not employ a wavelength shifter (the scintillation being in the UV region) and no attention was paid to optimising the light collection efficiency. The experimental results demonstrate that the output signal is in the form of a pulse-train, which offers unforeseen possibilities for direct digital energy measurements, involving high frequency pulse counting and pulse-train length discrimination for the vetoing of particles producing extended ionisation trails.
Geometrical packing analysis of molecular compounds

From a geometrical point of view the packing of molecules in crystal structures has been studied for 192 organic compounds. For this, Dirichlet domains of the atoms have been calculated by means of radical planes. These domains have been joined to packing polyhedra of the molecules. Two molecules are called adjacent if their packing polyhedra share faces. Utilizing this concept, coordination numbers have been calculated and a classification of structures into packing types has been performed with the aid of packing graphs. As a result, coordination number 14 was calculated more frequently (94 structures) than 12 (46 structures). In total, 51 packing types have been found, 9 of which stand out because of their frequency. It should be noted that two packing types with coordination number 14 show frequencies (18 and 17) comparable to those of the types ccp, bcc, and hep (32, 30, and 11, respectively).
Sequential Nitration/Hydrogenation Protocol for the Synthesis of Triaminophloroglucinol: Safe Generation and Use of an Explosive Intermediate under Continuous-Flow Conditions

A continuous-flow process for the synthesis of triaminophloroglucinol has been developed. The synthetic procedure is based on a sequential nitration/reduction protocol which uses phloroglucinol as an inexpensive substrate. During the initial exothermic nitration step employing a combination of ammonium nitrate and sulfuric acid, the temperature was controlled through the enhanced heat transfer derived from the high surface-to-volume ratio of the utilized capillary tubing. Clogging of the tubing due to precipitation of trinitrophloroglucinol (TNPG) was avoided by immersing the tubular reactor in an ultrasound bath during the process. The nitration mixture was diluted with water and immediately subjected to catalytic hydrogenation of the nitro groups using a commercially available continuous-flow reactor and PtO2 as heterogeneous catalyst, thus avoiding the isolation of the highly unstable and explosive TNPG intermediate.
Projection of Water Availability and Sustainability in Nigeria Due to Climate Change

This study projects water availability and sustainability in Nigeria due to climate change. This study used Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) terrestrial water storage data (TWS), Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC) precipitation data and Climate Research Unit (CRU) temperature data. Four general circulation models (GCMs) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 were downscaled using the best of four downscaling methods. Two machine learning (ML) models, RF and SVM, were developed to simulate GRACE TWS data for the period 2002–2016 and were then used for the projection of spatiotemporal changes in TWS. The projected TWS data were used to assess the spatiotemporal changes in water availability and sustainability based on the reliability–resiliency–vulnerability (RRV) concept. This study revealed that linear scaling was the best for downscaling over Nigeria. RF had better performance than SVM in modeling TWS for the study area. This study also revealed there would be decreases in water storage during the wet season (June–September) and increases in the dry season (January–May). Decreases in projected water availability were in the range of 0–12 mm for the periods 2010–2039, 2040–2069, and 2070–2099 under RCP2.6 and in the range of 0–17 mm under RCP8.5 during the wet season. Spatially, annual changes in water storage are expected to increase in the northern part and decrease in the south, particularly in the country’s southeast. Groundwater sustainability was higher during the period 2070–2099 under all RCPs compared to the other periods and this can be attributed to the expected increases in rainfall during this period.
Multiconstituent Synthesis of LiFePO4/C Composites with Hierarchical Porosity as Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Monolithic, three-dimensionally ordered macroporous and meso-/microporous (3DOM/m) LiFePO4/C composite cathodes for lithium ion batteries were synthesized by a multiconstituent, dual templating method. Precursors containing sources for lithium, iron, and phosphate, as well as a phenol-formaldehyde sol and a nonionic surfactant were infiltrated into a colloidal crystal template. Millimeter-sized monolithic composite pieces were obtained, in which LiFePO4 was dispersed in a carbon phase around an interconnected network of ordered macropores. The composite walls themselves contained micropores or small mesopores. The carbon phase enhanced the electrical conductivity of the cathode and maintained LiFePO4 as a highly dispersed phase during the synthesis and during electrochemical cycling. Monoliths containing 30 wt % C were electrochemically cycled in a 3-electrode cell with lithium foil as counter and reference electrodes. No additional binder or conductive agent was used. The capacity was as high as 150 mA h.
Does Cross-Border E-Commerce Contribute to the Growth Convergence?: An Analysis Based on Chinese Provincial Panel Data

The impact of cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) on international trade is prominent in recent years. The authors extend the international trade model with heterogeneous firms to include CBEC export and deduce that CBEC lowers the capability threshold for export. Firms and regions with different capabilities are affected differently, but the total regional export is increasing. In the empirical analysis section, they use panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2015 to 2018 and construct proxy variables for CBEC with CBEC comprehensive pilot zones and CBEC exporters. They find that CBEC contributes to economic growth and economic convergence. The underlying mechanisms include the convergence of regional exports and total factor productivity, while the convergence of capital isn’t supported by the results. KEywoRDS Capability Threshold, Cross-Border E-Commerce, Economic Convergence, Economic Growth, Export
Study of the Inorganic Ion Exchanger Li3Mn0.25Ti0.5O3

Inorganic ion exchanger (Li3Mn0.25Ti0.5O3) with an inverse spinel structure was synthesized by solid state reaction crystallization method. The results showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 9.2mmol/g for Li+.
Power Supply Based on Inductive Harvesting From Structural Currents

Monitoring infrastructure offers functional optimization, lower maintenance cost, security, stability, and data analysis benefits. Sensor nodes require some level of energy autonomy for reliable and cost-effective operation, and energy-harvesting methods have been developed in the last two decades for this purpose. Here, a power supply that collects, stores, and delivers regulated power from the stray magnetic field of current-carrying structures is presented. In cm-scale structures the skin effect concentrates current at edges at frequencies even below 1 kHz. A coil-core inductive transducer is designed. A flux-funneling soft magnetic core shape is used, multiplying power density by the square of funneling ratio. A power management circuit combining reactance cancelation, voltage doubling, rectification, supercapacitor storage, and switched inductor voltage boosting and regulation is introduced. The power supply is characterized in house and on a full-size industrial setup, demonstrating a power reception density of 0.36, 0.54, and 0.73 mW/cm3 from a 25-A root-mean-square structural current at 360, 500, and 800 Hz, respectively, corresponding to the frequency range of aircraft currents. The regulated output is tested under various loads and cold starting is demonstrated. The introduced method may enable power autonomy to wireless sensors deployed in current-carrying infrastructure.
Development of a Free Radical Kinetic Model for Industrial Oxidation of p-Xylene Based on Artificial Neural Network and Adaptive Immune Genetic Algorithm

A novel kinetic model based on the free radical mechanism is used to simulate the oxidation of p-xylene (PX) in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) under industrial operating conditions. Because this kinetic model cannot provide appropriate prediction of the influence of the reaction factors, such as catalyst concentrations, water concentrations, and temperatures, on the kinetic parameters for oxidation of PX in the laboratory semibatch reactor (SBR), the kinetic parameters that are highly nonlinear of the reaction factors are estimated by a back-propagation neural network (BPNN). Furthermore, correction coefficients are introduced to accurately evaluate the kinetic parameters based on Adaptive Immune Genetic Algorithm (AIGA) due to the significant difference between the nature of PX oxidation conducted in the laboratory SBR and in the industrial CSTR. The model with the evaluated optimum kinetic parameters is obtained, and its efficiency is validated via comparison with industrial data.
Sexual minorities in intercollegiate athletics: religion, team culture and acceptance

Abstract The role of religious identity has been explored as an important element of self-identity for many individuals. Organized religions are also often recognized as unwelcoming environments for sexual minorities and religious identity can be a source of severe internalized conflict for those that identify as sexual minorities. The purpose of this study was to examine how sexual minority intercollegiate athletic participants are viewed within the intersection of their religious and sexual identities utilizing the social categorization framework. Through phenomenological methodology and semi-structured interviews, 20 individuals (11 student-athletes, three coaches, six support staff members) of various sexual identities within an athletic department agreed to participate in this study. The data revealed three themes: religion, team culture, and acceptance. Ultimately, the present study seeks to assist in promoting queer-inclusive climates for student-athletes.
Extraordinary Surface Plasmon Coupled Emission Using Core/Shell Gold Nanorods

Plasmon-coupled fluorescence from Au nanorods with fluorophore-doped silica shells has been studied. Besides the ordinary emission of the fluorophore at 590 nm, an extra emission peak was found on the normally weak fluorescence tail at the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the Au nanorods around 750 nm. It provides clear evidence of the plasmonic emission. Our experiment results suggest that the linear absorption coefficient of fluorophores was strongly enhanced around the SPR wavelength and the plasmonic emission at 750 nm was created by the resonance energy transfer from the excited fluorophores to SPRs. The energy transfer rate was estimated to be 5.22 ns–1, and the total quantum yield of the sample was 1.5 times that of the free fluorophore molecules in aqueous solutions. This study supports that strong fluorescence at desired wavelength can be engineered by fluorophore–plasmon coupling.
Online Monitoring of Lactate Efflux by Multi-Channel Microfluidic Chip-Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Drug Evaluation

An online multichannel microfluidic chip-mass spectrometry (MS) platform was developed for cell metabolism studies. Paper-spray ionization was employed for microsampling from different microchannels and, at the same time, the interface for direct MS analysis without any sample pretreatment. Near-real-time MS sensing of lactate in different microfluidic channels could be achieved in a preprogrammed and automatic manner. Influences of hypoxia on lactate efflux from normal cells and cancer cells, as well as the differential inhibitory effects and dose–response information on α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate on cancer cells of different types were exhibited. The potential of further coupling MS, complementary to optical and electrochemical techniques, to microfluidic devices for cell studies was thus demonstrated.
Metamaterial‐inspired tri‐band antenna for 5G‐C and Ka band applications

This article presents a novel tri‐band antenna design inspired by metamaterials for 5G‐C and Ka bands. The design employs an inverted U‐structured patch, a rectangular patch with E‐shape slot and a circular monopole loaded with complementary split ring resonator to achieve three operating bands with reduced overall antenna dimensions. It operates at 4.7 GHz (n79 band) in C‐band with maximum measured gain of 2.5 dB and two‐mm wave Ka bands at 28 GHz (n260 band) and 39 GHz (n261 band) with corresponding gain of 7.06 and 6.76 dB. The overall dimension of the proposed tri‐band antenna is 30 × 22 × 0.543 mm3 and the bandwidths measured are 9.04%, 14.14%, and 2.46% at 4.7 GHz, 28 GHz, and 39 GHz, respectively. The experimented results are close to simulated ones.
The Online Social Network and User Innovation in the Context of an Online Innovation Platform

The wide use of social media technology boosts many online innovation platforms, providing effective communication channels for innovation spreading among online users. From the social network perspective, this paper investigates the impact of online interactive relations on user innovation by holistically examining online relations from relational and structural embeddedness, qualified by both the ego-centered and the entire network, respectively. User interaction data from LEGO Ideas are used to empirically test the effects of relational and structural characteristics of online social networks on users’ idea contributions. The results for relational characteristics reveal that the number of online ties has an inverted U-shaped relationship with user innovation, the strength of online ties positively affects user innovation, and neighbor characteristics cannot affect user innovation. For structural characteristics, both centrality and bridge location positively affect user innovation. The findings provide reasonable suggestions for both online users and innovation platforms.
Niche Analysis and Conservation of Bird Species Using Urban Core Areas

Knowing the ecological requirements of bird species is essential for their successful conservation. We studied the niche characteristics of birds in managed small-sized green spaces in the urban core areas of southern (Kavala, Greece) and northern Europe (Rovaniemi, Finland), during the breeding season, based on a set of 16 environmental variables and using Outlying Mean Index, a multivariate ordination technique. Overall, 26 bird species in Kavala and 15 in Rovaniemi were recorded in more than 5% of the green spaces and were used in detailed analyses. In both areas, bird species occupied different niches of varying marginality and breadth, indicating varying responses to urban environmental conditions. Birds showed high specialization in niche position, with 12 species in Kavala (46.2%) and six species in Rovaniemi (40.0%) having marginal niches. Niche breadth was narrower in Rovaniemi than in Kavala. Species in both communities were more strongly associated either with large green spaces located further away from the city center and having a high vegetation cover (urban adapters; e.g., Common Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), European Greenfinch (Chloris chloris), Eurasian Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)) or with green spaces located closer to the city center and having high gray area cover and anthropogenic disturbance level (urban exploiters; e.g., Western Jackdaw (Corvus monedula), House Sparrow (Passer domesticus), Eurasian Magpie (Pica pica)). The eleven species that were common to both study areas similarly used the environmental variables and had similar niches, indicating that birds respond similarly to urbanization irrespective of latitude. Sixteen species in Kavala and eleven species in Rovaniemi were identified as conservation priority species, based on their niche specialization level and conservation status. The management actions proposed for the conservation of priority species will also benefit other species with similar ecological requirements and ultimately help maintain diverse bird communities in small-sized green spaces in urban core areas.