Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Practical Robust Long Term Yield Curve Model

This paper describes the initial development and testing of the Black-corrected version of a workhorse 3-factor Gaussian yield curve (term structure) model, the economic factor model (Dempster et al., 2010) which we have used for many years with Monte Carlo scenario simulation for structured derivative valuation, investment modelling and asset liability management with various time steps and currencies. In common with most alternative approaches in the literature to generating non- negative yields using Black's idea, we propose a simple approximation to the Black mathematical model using the nonlinear unscented Kalman filter. However, its calibration, unlike that of the current computationally intensive alternatives, requires not significantly more computing time than is needed for the linear Kalman filter with the underlying affine shadow rate model. Initial empirical testing of the new Black EFM model both in- and out-of-sample shows acceptable accuracy, sometimes improved over the affine EFM model, which can be improved by UKF tuning in future research. Migration of the system to the cloud can reduce calibration times for both models from a few hours to a few minutes by exploiting massive parallelization of the computationally intensive step.
Plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration during eggshell formation. II. — Inverse relationships with intestinal calcium content and eggshell weight

This paper reports two experiments. In the first experiment, 51 laying hens were killed at four different stages of eggshell formation (6, 10, 14 or 16 h after a previous oviposition). The individual contents of the duodenum and jejunum were studied for soluble Ca concentration (Cas). The Cas increased in the duodenum and the proximal jejunum during shell secretion (14 and 16 h) ; the values recorded in the distal jejunum were lower than those of the upper segments. At the same physiological stages, an inverse relationship was evident between Cas and plasma inorganic phosphorus content (Pi) (r = 0.7 to 0.8). A negative relationship was also calculated between the Pi value at 14 h and the shell weight of the last two eggs produced before slaughter. In the second experiment, blood samples were taken from 35 hens at 10, 12, 14 and 16 h after oviposition. The surface under the Pi curve was calculated for each hen and used as an estimation of bone mobilization. The weight of the shell secreted during the sampling period was negatively correlated with this Pi surface (r = 0.68) when studied in a covariance analysis including egg weight. The different possible relationships among the factors of intestinal ability to absorb calcium, bone mobilization, inorganic phosphatemia and shell deposition in ute! o are considered.
Hydrogeological Study of the Cold Lake Air Weapon Range , Alberta

A hydrogeological study has been accomplished at the Cold Lake Air Weapon Range (CLAWR), Alberta. Various measurements were performed in order to characterize the groundwater flow pattern. Water samples were collected and analyzed for several compounds including metals, routine anions, perchlorates, energetic materials and nitrates. Surface water was found to be uncontaminated with respect to freshwater guidelines. Localized contamination by some metals and perchlorate was found in groundwater. TNT, TNT-byproducts and RDX have been detected in soils and groundwater. Nitrate was also found in groundwater, with concentrations up to 20 mg/L N-NO3. N and O isotopic results indicate that nitrates in high concentrations in shallow wells are not of natural origin and their specific source is currently under investigation. RÉSUMÉ Une étude hydrogéologique a été réalisée à la Base Aérienne de Cold Lake (CLAWR), Alberta. Diverses activités ont été réalisées afin de caractériser l’écoulement souterrain. Des échantillons d’eau ont été prélevés et analysés pour divers composés, incluant des métaux, anions, perchlorates, matériaux énergétiques, et nitrates. L’eau de surface semble non contaminée par rapport aux critères en vigueur. Une contamination localisée par le perchlorate et certains métaux a été détectée dans l’eau souterraine. Du RDX, TNT et des sous-produits du TNT ont été détectés dans les sols et l’eau souterraine. Des nitrates ont également été détectés à des concentrations atteignant les 20 mg/L de N-NO3. Les résultats isotopiques de l’azote et de l’oxygène suggèrent que les nitrates en hautes concentrations présents dans les puits peu profonds ne sont pas d’origine naturelle. Leur source potentielle est présentement investiguée.
Precision medicine d A promising, yet challenging road lies ahead

Precision medicine proposes to individualize the practice of medicine based on patients ’ genetic backgrounds, their biomarker characteristics and other omics datasets. After outlining the key challenges in precision medicine, namely patient stratification, biomarker discovery and drug repurposing, we survey recent developments in high-throughput technologies and big biological datasets that shape the future of precision medicine. Furthermore, we provide an overview of recent data-integrative approaches that have been successfully used in precision medicine for mining medical knowledge from big-biological data, and we highlight modeling and computing issues that such integrative approaches will face due to the ever-growing nature of big-biological data. Finally, we raise attention to the challenges in translational medicine when moving from research findings to approved medical practices.
Nonstationarity in job search theory

Generally, structural job search models are taken to be stationary. In this paper models are examined in which every exogenous variable can cause nonstationarity, for instance because its value is dependent on unemployment duration. A general differential equation that describes the evolution of the reservation wage over time is derived. As an empirical illustration a nonstationary structural model is estimated that focuses on the consequences of a downward shift in the level of benefits. It appears that the elasticity of duration with respect to the level of benefits after the shift is much larger than the elasticity with respect to the level before the shift.
Aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer: Signaling pathways involved in exemestane-acquired resistance

iv Resumo . v Table of contents . vi Index of figures . viii Index of tables . ix Abbreviations List . x CHAPTER I Introduction . 1 1. Breast cancer . 2 1.1 Risk Factors and Treatments . 3 2. Estrogen biosynthesis . 4 2.1 Aromatase . 5 3. Estrogen receptor signaling pathways . 7 4. ER breast cancer endocrine therapy . 10 4.1 SERMs and SERDs . 11 4.2 Aromatase Inhibitors (AI’s) . 12 4.2.1 Non-steroidal third-generation AI’s (Letrozole and Anastrozole) . 14 4.2. 2. Steroidal third-generation AI (Exemestane) . 14 5. Breast cancer acquired-resistance to AI’s . 15 5.1 Intrinsic Resistance . 16 5.2 Acquired resistance . 17 5.2.1 Growth factors receptors expression and aberrant activation . 17 5.2. 2 Androgen receptor involvement . 19 5.2. 3 Cell-cycle related mechanisms . 19 5.2. 4 Autophagy-related mechanisms . 20 5.3 Exemestane-acquired resistance . 21 6. Aims . 23 CHAPTER II Materials and methods . 24 1. Materials . 25 2. Cell culture . 25
Rapid Source-Mechanism Analysis of the April 29, 1993 Cataract Creek (Mw = 5.3), Northern Arizona Earthquake

Abstract The source mechanism of two moderate-size normal-faulting earthquakes located slightly south of the Grand Canyon in Arizona are studied, using several near real-time seismic-wave analysis procedures. The events are found to have source depths near 10 to 15 km, and the smaller of the two events ( m b = 4.8) is used to provide Empirical Green9s Functions to analyze the rupture directivity of the larger ( M w = 5.3) mainshock. These events indicate complexity in the crustal stress environment on the western margin of the Colorado Plateau.
Universitet When Economic Growth is Less than Exponential

This paper argues that growth theory needs a more general notion of “regularity” than that of exponential growth. We suggest that paths along which the rate of decline of the growth rate is proportional to the growth rate itself deserve attention. This opens up for considering a richer set of parameter combinations than in standard growth models. And it avoids the usual oversimplistic dichotomy of either exponential growth or stagnation. Allowing zero population growth in three different growth models (the Jones R&D-based model, a learning-by-doing model, and an embodied technical change model) serve as illustrations that a continuum of “regular” growth processes fill the whole range between exponential growth and complete stagnation.
ICASE U THE RADIATED NOISE FROM ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE REVISITED

The noise radiated from isotropic turbulence at low Mach numbers and high Reynolds numbers, as derived by Proudman (1952), was the first application of Lighthill's Theory of Aerodynamic Noise to a complete flow field. The theory presented by Proudman involves the assumption of the neglect of retarded time differences and so replaces the second-order retarded-time and space covariance of Lighthill's stress tensor, Tj, and in particular its second time derivative, by the equivalent simultaneuus covariance. This assumption is a valid approximation in the derivation of the 9'Tj 1 /0t 2 covariance at low Mach numbers, but is not justified when that covariance is reduced to the sum of products of the time derivatives of equivalent second-order velocity covariances as required when Gaussian statistics are assumed. The present paper removes these assumptions and finds that although the changes in the analysis are substantial, the change in the numerical result for the total acoustic power is small. The present paper also considers an alternative analysis which does not neglect retarded times. It makes use of the Lighthill relationship, whereby the fourth-order Tiy retarded-time covariance is evaluated from the square of similar second-order covariance, which is assumed known. In this derivation no statistical assumptions are involved. This result, using distributions for the second-order space-time velocity squared covariance based on the Direct Numerical Simulation(DNS) results of both Sarkar and Hussaini(1993) and Dubois(1993), is compared with the re-evaluation of Proudman's original model. These results are then compared with the sound power derived from a phenomenological model based on simple approximations to the retarded-time/space covariance of T•1 . Finally the recent numerical solutions of Sarkar and Hussaini(1993) for the acoustic power are compared with the results obtained from the analytic solutions. *This research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under NASA Contract No. NASI-19480 while the author was in residence at the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE), NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681. Emeritus Professor, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Southampton, U.K.
Superior thermal tolerance in a wild Oryza species can be attributed to maintenance of Rubisco activation by a thermally stable Rubisco activase ortholog

1. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia 2. ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia 3. Bayer CropScience NV Innovation Center – Trait Research Technologiepark 38 9052 Zwijnaarde (Gent) Belgium 4. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK 5. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ 85138, United States
Absence of triangles in maximal supergravity amplitudes

From general arguments, we show that one-loop n-point amplitudes in colourless theories satisfy a new type of reduction formula. These lead to the existence of cancellations beyond supersymmetry. Using such reduction relations we prove the no-triangle hypothesis in maximal supergravity by showing that in four dimensions the n-point graviton amplitude contain only scalar box integral functions. We also discuss the reduction formulas in the context of gravity amplitudes with less and no supersymmetry.
Prediction of SARS Coronavirus Main Protease by Support Vector Machine

Replicase gene of SARS(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) corona virus is surrounding the polyproteinla and lab. The polyprotein sequence includes functional proteins essential for the virus replication. Therefore, the inactivation of protease is one of the effective means to prevent the virus from replicating itself. We focused our research on corona virus main protease (CoVMpro). The experiment based on the "distorted key" theory was performed in order to inactivate it. The "distorted key" theory refers to the explanation stated below: substrate of the protein originally combines wit 1 h the active site of enzyme. However, when the scissile bond of peptide becomes modified with the strong hybrid peptide bond, it loses its cleavability. With the substrate strongly combined with the active site of the enzyme, these peptides become competitive inhibitors. The result of the experiment about the polypeptides based on this theory was reanalyzed by Support Vector Machine. (SVM)
Evaluation of Compliance of Arterial Vessel Using Coupled Fluid Structure Interaction Analysis

The in vivo and ex vivo compliance of arteries are expected to be closely related and estimated. Fluid-structure interaction analysis can assess the agreement between the two compli- ances. To evaluate this hypothesis, a pulsatile fluid-structure interaction analysis of blood flow in femoral artery of a dog was conducted using: (1) measured invivo mean pressure (72.5 mmHg), mean pressure drop (0.59 mmHg), mean velocity (15.1 cm/sec); and (2) ex vivo measurements of non - linear elastic properties of femoral artery. Additional analyses were conducted for physio- logical pressures (104.1 and 140.7 mmHg) and blood flow using a characteristic linear pressure - flow relationship. The computed compliance decreased from 0.198% diameter change/mmHg at 72.5 mmHg to 0.145% diameter change/mmHg at 140.7 mmHg. The computed compliance tends to match well with in vivo compliance of femoral artery at lower pressure but is overestimated at higher pressure. This suggests an alteration in the compliance of the artery during ex vivo elasticity measurements.
Secondary Mineral Formation During Ferrihydrite Reduction by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Depends on Incubation Vessel Orientation and Resulting Gradients of Cells, Fe2+ and Fe Minerals

In previous studies on microbial ferric iron (Fe(III)) reduction varying results regarding reduction rates and secondary mineral formation have been reported for almost identical conditions regarding temperature, pH, medium composition, Fe(III) mineral identity and bulk iron concentration. Here we show that in addition to physico-chemical parameters also geometric aspects, i.e., incubation orientation and dimension of cultivation vessels, influence the reduction rates and mineralogy. We incubated the Fe(III)-reducer Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 in test tubes at ferrihydrite (FH) concentrations of 1.3–50 mM either in vertical or horizontal orientation. Cells and minerals formed a pellet at the bottom of the tubes with different thicknesses at the same initial FH concentration depending on the incubation orientation. In vertically incubated tubes thick FH pellets were present at the bottom of the tubes and magnetite was formed in all setups with ≥2.5 mM initial FH. In tubes that were incubated horizontally no magnetite was formed in presence of <5 mM initial FH. Spatially resolved analysis of the supernatant and mineral sediment including voltammetric microelectrodes, Xray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed strong gradients of Fe2+ in both the aqueous supernatant and mineral pellets, whereas a heterogeneous distribution of cells and minerals in the sediment pellet was detected. The highest cell density and, consequently, the initiation of FH reduction was found at the mineral-supernatant interface. This study demonstrates that small changes in incubation conditions can significantly influence and even change the experimental results of geomicrobiological experiments.
Impact of Hydroelectric Projects on Commercial Bivalves in a South Indian West Coast Estuary

Abstract Estuarine bivalves, sedentary invertebrates, in their species-specific spatial niches are more susceptible to hydroelectric projects related ecological changes, especially salinity reduction as the case study in Kali estuary towards the centre of the Indian west coast reveals. A comparison with the situation in Aghanashini estuary in the same district was helpful in unravelling dam-related salinity dilution in Kali estuary and its impact on the bivalves. The pre-dams bivalve scenario as available from secondary sources at four locations away from the Sea reveals a healthier state in the past. Salinity measurement in the study was confined to the pre-monsoon month of February 2012. Releases of freshwater from dams had diluted estuarine salinity in Kali from 33.44, 30.82, 8.76 and 2.43 ppt (pre-dam 1978) to 11.75, 6.40, 0.06 and 0.05 ppt respectively (in the same locations during February 2012). Four notable commercial bivalves had their distribution zones shrunk and shifted closer towards the sea where higher salinity conditions prevail. In comparison in the undammed Aghanashini estuary the commercial bivalve distribution and harvesting goes on rather unchanged. The study cautions damming of Indian west coast rivers can affect estuarine commercial bivalves badly causing also upsets in local livelihoods.
Contributions of climate feedbacks to changes in atmospheric circulation

AbstractThe projected response of the atmospheric circulation to the radiative changes induced by CO2 forcing and climate feedbacks is currently uncertain. In this modeling study, the impact of CO2-induced climate feedbacks on changes in jet latitude and speed is assessed by imposing surface albedo, cloud, and water vapor feedbacks as if they were forcings in two climate models, CAM4 and ECHAM6. The jet response to radiative feedbacks can be broadly interpreted through changes in midlatitude baroclinicity. Clouds enhance baroclinicity, favoring a strengthened, poleward-shifted jet; this is mitigated by surface albedo changes, which have the opposite effect on baroclinicity and the jet, while water vapor has opposing effects on upper- and lower-level baroclinicity with little net impact on the jet. Large differences between the CAM4 and ECHAM6 responses illustrate how model uncertainty in radiative feedbacks causes a large spread in the baroclinicity response to CO2 forcing. Across the CMIP5 models, differ.
Chinese Short Text Summary Generation Model Combining Global and Local Information

Short text comprehension summary generation is currently a hot issue. In this paper, we improve the attention mechanism under the framework of encoder-decoder and proposes a comprehensible short text abstract generation model that integrates the global and local semantic information. The model consists of a dual encoder and a decoder. The dual encoder structure can combine the global and local semantic information and fully obtain the abstract features of the original text. And the improved mechanism can adaptively combine all information of short text to provide the input with summary characteristics for the decoder, so that the decoder can more accurately focus on the core content of the source text. In this paper, LCSTS dataset is used to train and test the model. The experimental results show that compared with the Seq2Seq and Seq2Seq with standard attention models, the proposed method can produce high-quality summary which consists of less repetitive words and performs better evaluation value in ROUGE.
Oestrogenic activity in drinking waters from a rural area in the Waterberg district, Limpopo Province, South Africa.

In South Africa, limited data are available regarding possible oestrogenic activity in the aquatic systems and especially drinking water. Water in the rural areas is often contaminated with a complex mixture of toxic compounds originating from nearby industries, agriculture and households. In these rural areas the only access to drinking water is boreholes, natural springs and rivers. Thus human exposure to environmental contaminants in drinking water is potentially high. Two rural communities near Mokopane in the Waterberg district of the Limpopo Province were selected in order to screen for oestrogenic activity in drinking water sources in a rural area. Eleven 1 . water samples (Molekane n= 4; Sekuruwe n= 7), were collected in prepared glass bottles and extracted on a SPE C18 cartridge and reconstituted into ethanol. The recombinant yeast oestrogen screen was used to determine the oestrogenic activity in the extracts. 17ƒA-estradiol (E2) was used as a positive control and the results were expressed as estradiol equivalents (EEq). The EEq of the water from both the communities ranged between 0.63 - 2.48 x10-9 g/. These concentrations are similar to other studies conducted in Korean river waters in rural and city areas and Flemish surface waters. The recombinant yeast screen confirmed oestrogenic activity in the drinking water samples; further investigation is necessary to determine the source of the contamination and association with impaired growth.
Corporate social responsibility, economic globalization and developing countries: A case study of the ready made garments industry in Bangladesh

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the state of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in labour-intensive industries in developing countries in the context of economic globalization. Using the ready-made garments’ (RMG) industry in Bangladesh as a case study, challenges and key issues relating to CSR are highlighted. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws from the review of existing literature, and the content analysis of two leading newspapers in Bangladesh for a period of one year (July 2012-June 2013) to identify the key and contemporary issues related to CSR in the RMG industry. Findings – Findings identify the contemporary issues of concerns associated with CSR in the RMG industry, relating them to the debate on the applicability of Carroll’s CSR pyramid to developing countries. The findings suggest that non-compliance of CSR in labour-intensive industries is a function of the nature of economic globalization. The need for a stakeholder approach towards CSR for the profitability and sustaina.
Focus on Anti-Inflammatory and Antiarrhythmogenic Effects of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Zusammenfassung Die Identifizierung von Risikofaktoren für den plötzlichen Herztod bedarf weiterer Untersuchungen. Es wurde daher versucht, Parameter zu etablieren, die nicht nur eine erhöhte elektrische Instabilität des Herzens, sondern auch proinflammatorische Prozesse, die u.a. an einer Plaqueruptur beteiligt sind, beschreiben. Im Vordergrund stehen dosisabhängige Wirkungen von Eicosapentaensäure (EPA) und Docosahexaensäure (DHA). Da die freien Säuren von EPA und DHA für die meisten ihrer biologischen Wirkungen benötigt werden, ist es entscheidend, nicht nur Speicher dieser Fettsäuren im Körper für deren Freisetzung aufzubauen, sondern auch eine länger dauernde Aufnahme durch Ethylester zu gewährleisten. Im Gegensatz zu Triacylglycerolen aus Fisch werden Ethylester kontinuierlicher über 24