Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability of the Einstein static universe in open cosmological models

The stability properties of the Einstein static solution of general relativity are altered when corrective terms arising from modification of the underlying gravitational theory appear in the cosmological equations. In this paper the existence and stability of static solutions are considered in the framework of two recently proposed quantum gravity models. The previously known analysis of the Einstein static solutions in the semiclassical regime of loop quantum cosmology with modifications to the gravitational sector is extended to open cosmological models where a static neutrally stable solution is found. A similar analysis is also performed in the framework of Horava-Lifshitz gravity under detailed balance and projectability conditions. In the case of open cosmological models the two solutions found can be either unstable or neutrally stable according to the admitted values of the parameters.
A Driver Assaulting Event Detection Using Intel Real-Sense Camera

Biometrics refers to a technology that applies biological or behavioral characteristics such as fingerprint, face, iris, retina, vein, and voice, signature to security system. Since the 9/11 terror attack that occurred in the 9/11 , all the countries in the world had been much interested in security using biometrics and the importance of protection and security of information has risen. Accordingly, the need for verifying identity and personal authentication has increased. Advantage of face detection and recognition, one of above mentioned biometrics is that it is inexpensive in building new physical infrastructure. Unlike other biometrics such as fingerprint recognition and iris recognition, face detection is non touch mode. For this reason, face detection is applicable to such diverse fields such as finance, robot, and access control and surveillance camera. The disadvantage of image data is that it takes more time and costs more than data processing using sensor. Advance in relevant technology such as image recognition technology, communication infrastructure, bulk data processing environment led to high efficiency at low cost. This study
Having fun with van – a Nanosyntactic take on syncretism

Syncretism is the phenomenon where one (phonological) form is able to spell out more than one (grammatical) function. The P(repositional) element van (“from/of”) in Afrikaans represents an instance of syncretism: it is able to spell out many different functions including spatial, possessive and partitive functions. Any theoretical framework seeking to account for how form relates to function ought to provide an account of this phenomenon. Within the broad minimalist approach, Nanosyntax (NS) has yielded the most systematic and explicit accounts of syncretism (cf. e.g. Starke 2009; Caha 2006, 2009). This paper offers a nanosyntactic characterisation of the Afrikaans P element van , focusing specifically on its behaviour in Afrikaans partitive constructions and offering a tentative analysis to account for the seemingly irregular behaviour displayed by van in these constructions. The analysis is based on a modified syntactic decomposition of “the genitive zone” proposed by Caha (2009). The presence of an additional node, Specific (SPF), is argued for in the lowest layer of the structure that is encoded on the lexical entry for van. One merit of the proposed analysis is that it takes into account how van interacts with other word-level elements in the phrase.
Electron beam loss monitors for HERA

A tire has a coating with a quadlayer or multiple quadlayers, and a method produces the same. In an embodiment, the method for coating a rubber substrate includes exposing the rubber substrate to a first cationic solution to produce a first cationic layer on the rubber substrate. The method also includes exposing the first cationic layer to a first anionic solution to produce a first anionic layer on the first cationic layer. In addition, the method includes exposing the first anionic layer to a second cationic solution to produce a second cationic layer on the first anionic layer. The method further includes exposing the second cationic layer to a second anionic solution to produce a second anionic layer on the second cationic layer. A quadlayer includes the first cationic layer, the first anionic layer, the second cationic layer, and the second anionic layer. The coating includes the quadlayer.
Generation of a statistical model of the whole femur incorporating shape and material property distribution

Orthopaedic implant designs undergo extensive preclinical testing to ensure their reliability but in use there performance can vary significantly between patients. A possible reason for this is that vey few computational studies have incorporated interpatient variability. The vast majority use only a single bone model as constructing multiple models from souces such as CT scans is a time consuming and laborious task. This is despite evidence from recent studies indicating that bone geometry and bone quality have a significant effect on implant performance . The objective of this study is to build a statistical model of the whole femur which incorporates both the natural shape and material property variations which occur between patients. The model will be able to generate new femur instances and suggest the principal modes by which the femur varies in the population.
An exploratory analysis of methods for extracting credit risk rules

This paper performs a comparative analysis of two kind of methods for extracting credit risk rules. On one hand we have a set of methods based on the combination of an optimization technique initialized with a neural network. On the other hand there are partition algorithms, based on trees. We show results obtain on two real databases. The main findings are that the set of rules obtained by the first set of methods give a set of rules with a reduced cardinality, with an acceptable precision regarding classification. This is a desirable property for financial institutions, who want to decide credit approval face to face with customers. Bank employees who daily deal with retail customers can be easily trained for selecting the best customers, by using this kind of solutions.
Supporting value generation in children's hospital design through participatory approaches

This paper presents results of an ongoing PhD research, which aims to develop guidelines to help designers incorporate children's perspectives when designing children's hospitals. The paper discusses children’s hospital design through participatory approaches and links it to the lean design literature, proposing new insights into value generation. The research method is a case study, in which the process of identifying children’s preferences and considering these into the different stages of design is described. Data was collected through 16 semi-structured interviews. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and along with other documents analysed using content analysis. Results indicate that participation in design provides children with opportunities for voicing their view and ensures their requirements are available in all phases of the process. Such participation enables requirements not to be lost when progressively transformed into design solutions. The paper also discusses how realistic is it to consult with children, and which approaches may help design decision making for future children’s hospital design.
An observational test of the origin of accelerating moment release before large earthquakes

[1] A progressive increase of seismic activity distributed over a wide region around a future earthquake epicenter is termed accelerating moment release (AMR). This phenomenon has been observed in several studies over the last 15 years, although there is no consensus about the physical origin of the effect. In a recent hypothesis known as the stress accumulation (SA) model, the AMR is thought to result from the last stage of loading in the earthquake cycle. In this view, the increasing seismicity is due to minor stress release as the whole region becomes sufficiently stressed for the major event to occur. The stress accumulation model makes specific predictions about the distribution of events in an AMR sequence. Because the AMR is predicted to be a result of loading on the main fault, the precursory activity should be concentrated in the positive lobes of the far-field stresses calculated by a backslip dislocation model of the main shock. To test this model, AMR is first found in optimal circular regions around the epicenters of each of the M w ! 6.5 earthquakes in central and southern California since 1950. A backslip dislocation model is then used to determine which of the precursory events occur in the regions predicted by stress accumulation. AMR is shown to occur preferentially in the lobes of the backslip stress field predicted by the stress accumulation model.
LGM permafrost distribution: how well can the latest PMIP multi-model ensembles perform reconstruction?

Abstract. Here, global-scale frozen ground distribution from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) has been reconstructed using multi-model ensembles of global climate models, and then compared with evidence-based knowledge and earlier numerical results. Modeled soil temperatures, taken from Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project phase III (PMIP3) simulations, were used to diagnose the subsurface thermal regime and determine underlying frozen ground types for the present day (pre-industrial; 0 kya) and the LGM (21 kya). This direct method was then compared to an earlier indirect method, which categorizes underlying frozen ground type from surface air temperature, applying to both the PMIP2 (phase II) and PMIP3 products. Both direct and indirect diagnoses for 0 kya showed strong agreement with the present-day observation-based map. The soil temperature ensemble showed a higher diversity around the border between permafrost and seasonally frozen ground among the models, partly due to varying subsurface processes, implementation, and settings. The area of continuous permafrost estimated by the PMIP3 multi-model analysis through the direct (indirect) method was 26.0 (17.7) million km2 for LGM, in contrast to 15.1 (11.2) million km2 for the pre-industrial control, whereas seasonally frozen ground decreased from 34.5 (26.6) million km2 to 18.1 (16.0) million km2. These changes in area resulted mainly from a cooler climate at LGM, but from other factors as well, such as the presence of huge land ice sheets and the consequent expansion of total land area due to sea-level change. LGM permafrost boundaries modeled by the PMIP3 ensemble – improved over those of the PMIP2 due to higher spatial resolutions and improved climatology – also compared better to previous knowledge derived from geomorphological and geocryological evidence. Combinatorial applications of coupled climate models and detailed stand-alone physical-ecological models for the cold-region terrestrial, paleo-, and modern climates will advance our understanding of the functionality and variability of the frozen ground subsystem in the global eco-climate system.
Large dust grains in the wind of VY Canis Majoris

Massive stars live short lives, losing large amounts of mass through their stellar wind. Their mass is a key factor determining how and when they explode as supernovae, enriching the interstellar medium with heavy elements and dust. During the red supergiant phase, mass-loss rates increase prodigiously, but the driving mechanism has proven elusive. Here we present high-contrast optical polarimetric-imaging observations of the extreme red supergiant VY Canis Majoris and its clumpy, dusty, mass-loss envelope, using the new extreme-adaptive-optics instrument SPHERE at the VLT. These observations allow us to make the first direct and unambiguous detection of submicron dust grains in the ejecta; we derive an average grain radius 0.5 m, 50 times larger than in the di use ISM, large enough to receive significant radiation pressure by photon scattering. We find evidence for varying grain sizes throughout the ejecta, highlighting the dynamical nature of the envelope. Grains with 0.5 m sizes are likely to reach a safe distance from the eventual explosion of VY Canis Majoris; hence it may inject upwards of 10 2 M of dust into the ISM.
Distributed Construction of Fault-Tolerant Overlay Networks: Construction Algorithm

Thallner et. al. [3] published a distributed algorithm for constructing a sparse overlay network that has xed node-degree and facilitates efcient fault-tolerant multi-hop communication in large-scale distributed systems. This paper presents a full pseudo-code implementation of the algorithm for asynchronous systems with failure detectors and node crashes and proves its correctness.
THE SYSTEM OF ELECTRONIC REGISTRATION OF INFORMATION ABOUT PATIENTS TREATED FOR INFERTILITY WITH THE IVF ICSI/ET METHOD

InfertilitytreatmentwithIVF(invitrofertilization) methodsrequ- ire collection, storage and analysis of large quantity of data. Existing hospital systems are not prepared to gather such detailed and specialized information. This situation stimulated the formation of a group dealing with the infertility treatment as well as software programming. The group also decided to create asuitable system for gathering thistypeof information. After a long period of preparations, consultations and tests, the system has been initiated and implemented in the Clinic of Reproduction and Gynecolo- gical Endocrinology in Bialystok. The transparent structure and the form of implementation of the system allow it to be used by untrainedpersonnel invo- lvedinwork withotherhospitalsystems.Datarelatingtofew hundredcouples treatedforinfertilityusingtheIVFICSI/ETmethodhasbeenaccumulatedup tothe dateof writing of this paper.
Clinical and nutritional aspects of cystic fibrosis patients assisted by a home enteral nutrition program in Brazil

El presente estudio evaluo 47 pacientes con fibrosis quistica (FQ) con la asistencia de un Programa de Nutricion Enteral Domiciliaria. Se tomaron medidas antropometricas de peso, talla, pliegue del tricipital y circunferencia de cintura y espirometria. Se registraron las enzimas y suplementos de vitaminas solubles en grasa. No encontraron asociaciones con el uso de suplementos de vitaminas y enzimas entre los grupos que teniamos no tenian deficit nutricional. La espirometria de los pacientes "sin deficit nutricional", para el consenso americano y europeo, tiene uma tasa VEF1 ≥ 80% estadisdicamente superior a la tasa de VEF1 < 80% (0.0459 y 0.0230, respectivamente). La tasa de pacientes com FQ "sin deficit nutricional" y usando suplementos fue estadisticamente mas bajos que los que no usaban , cuando se consideran los dos consenso (p=0.0210 y 0.0098, respectivamente). La prueba de funcion pulmonar de los pacientes con FQ com VEF 1 < 80% y circunferencia del brazo < percentil 5 mostraron una asociacion estadisticamente significativa (p= 0.0021). Las asociaciones entre deficit nu-tricional y espirometria se encontraron muy frecuentemente entre los pacientes con FQ.
27 Lagrangian theory for presymplectic systems

We analyze the lagrangian formalism for singular lagrangian systems in a geometrical way. In particular, the problem of finding a submanifold of the velocity phase space and a tangent vector field which is a solution of the lagrangian equations of motion and a second order differential equation (SODE) is studied. Thus, we develop, in a pure lagrangian context, an algorithm which solves simultaneously the problem of the compatibility of the equations of motion, the consistency of their solutions and the SODE problem. This algorithm allows to construct these solutions and gives all the lagrangian constraints, splitting them into two kinds. In this way, previous works on the same subject are completed and improved. RESUME. 2014 Nous analysons par des methodes geometriques les systemes lagrangiens singuliers. Plus concretement, nous etudions Ie probleme de trouver une sous variete de l’espace des vitesses et un champ de vecteurs tangents qui sont solutions des equations de Lagrange et d’une equation differentielle du second ordre (SODE). C’est-a-dire que nous developpons dans un contexte purement lagrangien un algorithme qui resout simultanement Ie probleme de la compatibilite des equations du mouvement, la consistance de leurs solutions et Ie probleme SODE. Cet algorithme permet de construire ces solutions et donne toutes les contraintes lagrangiennes en les separant en deux categories. Ce travail complete et ameliore des resultats anterieurs sur ce sujet. Classification A.M.S. : 58F05, 70 H 99; PACS: 032i, 0240 m. de l’Institut Henri Poincaré Physique theorique 0246-0211 Vol. 57/92/01/27/19/$3,90/(0 Gauthier-Villars 28 M. C. MUNOZ LECANDA AND N. ROMAN ROY
Design of photonic crystals and binary supergratings using Boolean particle swarm optimization

Photonic crystals (PCs) and binary supergratings (BSGs) with large refractive index steps are promising structures for designing new compact optical devices. This thesis presents an inverse design tool in these two important areas of photonics. The tool consists of an optimization module and a simulation engine. Due to the binary nature of PCs and BSGs, Boolean particle swarm optimization (Boolean PSO), a recently proposed binary stochastic optimization algorithm, is used in the optimization module. The simulation engine, on the other hand, is chosen according to the structure to be modeled. The proposed inverse design tool has been used to design a very low F-number photonic crystal lens and compact BSG filters for applications such as wavelength-division multiplexing, tunable lasers and intrachip optical networks. The inverse design tool allows designing optical filters with almost arbitrary wavelength filtering, in addition the proposed filters are more compact than previous demonstrations of BSG. Furthermore, it is found that Boolean PSO outperforms Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an optimization technique for use in the inverse design tool developed in this thesis.
Prey dominance shapes trophic structure of the northern California Current pelagic food web: evidence from stable isotopes and diet analysis

Eastern boundary current (EBC) upwelling zones are among the most productive of marine ecosystems globally and have been generalized in terms of their food web structure. Little empirically based evidence exists to suggest that there is any one form of trophic control of EBC sys- tems and, because of logistical constraints, knowledge of food web structure is limited in these large marine ecosystems. To determine principal trophic links within the pelagic food web, we combined stable isotope and diet analysis of 21 dominant species of nekton found within the northern Califor- nia Current, a highly productive EBC upwelling ecosystem. Samples of nekton and zooplankton were collected in June and August 2000 and 2002 from the shelf-slope waters of northern California to Washington. Results showed most nekton consumed mixed diets of zooplankton and larval-juvenile or adult fishes, indicating the importance of omnivory in this system. Euphausiids were overwhelm- ingly the most prevalent zooplankton taxa in the diets of nekton across multiple trophic levels, accounting for >50% of the index of relative importance in 10 of 21 nekton species analyzed. Nitro- gen stable isotopes (δ 15 N) reflected trophic patterns observed in the diets, with most nekton species (~62%) falling between trophic levels (TL) of full zooplanktivores (TL = 3) and full piscivores (TL = 4). The prevalence of omnivory observed here is probably due to high primary production that supports an abundance of large zooplankton prey, such as euphausiids, which may be a more available prey resource for a broad range of predators. A modification of this form of bottom-up control, termed bottom-up omnivory, is presented.
Response of Kale (Brassica Oleracea L) Crop to cyanobacterial Biofertilizer in Ziway Area, Ethiopia

Gradual soil fertility depletion is resulted in declining agricultural production and productivity generally in Ethiopia. It is obviously understood that commercial fertilizers have helped to improve yield of crops. Use of this inputs among smallholder farmers are very low in the study area due to higher costs, accessibility and crop nutritional quality reduction. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of cyanobacterial biofertilizer on yield and nutritional quality of kale (Brassica Oleracea L.) crop in Ziway. Five treatments: liquid cyanobacterial, dry cyanobacteria, urea, cattle manure and control were laid out in RCBD with three replications. All necessary data from each experimental treatment were collected and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that plant height, leaf number and leaf nitrogen have increased when liquid cyanobacterial biofertilizer was applied by 13.97cm, 2.68, and 3.07% over the control, respectively whereas the application of dry cyanobacterial biofertilizer has increased the plant shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, leaf area, Leaf phosphorus and plant beta carotene by 341.8 g, 26.8g, ,2089.1 cm, 2 2.43 g, , 0.187 mg kg-1 and 0.9 µg/g over the control, respectively. Therefore, the use of cyanobacterial as a biofertilizer should be recommended as an alternative source of inorganic N fertilizer to increase yield and nutritional quality of kale crop for medium and small-sized farms in the study area. Keywords: Anabaena spp, Biofertilizer, β-carotene content, Cyanobacteria, Kale crop and N-fixing
Effects of Solar Radiation Amount and Synoptic-scale Wind on the Local Wind “Karakkaze” over the Kanto Plain in Japan

A climatological and numerical study of “Karakkaze,” a type of local wind in Japan, was conducted. First, winter days under a winter-type synoptic pressure pattern with daily minimum relative humidity of less than 40% were classified according to strong wind (wind speed ≥ 9 ms-1, Karakkaze day), medium wind (6 ms-1 ≤ wind speed -1), and weak wind (wind speed -1). Secondly, the spatial patterns of the surface wind in each category are confirmed by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)-Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System (AMeDAS) observation data. In addition, we compared the boundary-layer wind of the three categories using wind speed data from the observation tower of the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) in Tsukuba and from the JMA wind profiler in Kumagaya. Finally, we performed one-dimensional numerical experiments using a column Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) model to evaluate the impact of solar radiation and upper-level wind on the formation of the Karakkaze. The results are summarized as follows. On the strong-wind days, strong northwesterly winds appear in the area along the Arakawa River and the Tonegawa River from Maebashi. The surface wind speed has a clear diurnal variation with a peak in the early afternoon. Such a diurnal variation is observed up to a 200 m level, but this diurnal pattern nearly reverses itself between 200 m and 400 m levels. On weak-wind days, the diurnal variation pattern is similar to that in other two categories, but the reversed pattern appears at a 100 m level, not at a 200 m level. Stronger surface winds appear under a clearer winter-type pressure pattern. The correlation coefficient is 0.632 between the daily maximum surface wind speed and the daily mean wind speed at a height of 2759 m, whereas the correlation is 0.284 between the surface wind speed and daily sunshine duration, which, in a previous study, was suggested to be the most significant factor. Numerical experiments indicate that a large amount of solar radiation is a necessary condition for a strong daytime wind, but this is not a sufficient explanation for the difference in the surface wind speed between weak and strong-wind days.