Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-course experiment of Fusarium infestation of wheat genotypes with the emphasis on the physiological response

Article history: Received: January 25, 2018 Accepted: February 24, 2018 Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most significant food cereal in the world. Under natural conditions, biotic and abiotic stress factors can seriously endanger the plant growth and development. Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by F. graminearum and F. culmorum, is a disease that has negative effects on economy, namely on the yield and the quality of the grain. In this research, the activities of guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), as well as H2O2 concentration and malonedialdehyde (MDA) content, were determined in three wheat genotypes of various resistance to FHB (“Super Žitarka”sensitive; “Lucija”moderately resistant, and “Apache”resistant) after the 2 nd and the 4 th day of infestation. The infected plants of “Lucija” showed higher POD activity compared to control after the 4 th day, and increased POD activity compared to the 2 nd day of infection. On the 2 nd day, “Apache” responded to pathogen by the enhanced APX activity, and higher MDA level, compared to the 4 th day of treatment when it started to decrease. Moreover, the treated plants of the same genotype showed the increased MDA level on the 2 nd day, unlike the untreated plants. Contrarily, H2O2 concentration in “Apache” showed the tendency to increase with the time of Fusarium-exposure. In comparison to the 2 nd day of treatment, PPO activity decreased in “Super Žitarka” on the 4 th day. In all genotypes at both sampling points, CAT activity did not change significantly under the pathogen attack. Overproduction of H2O2 accompanied with the increased APX activity 2 days after infection may lead to the conclusion that FHB tolerance of “Apache” is ensured by the earlier activation of the defence mechanisms.
Thermal FEM Simulation of a Multilevel Lab on Chip Device for Genetic Analysis

In this work, time dependent thermal analyses, performed on the 3D FE model of a multilevel Lab on Chip (LOC) platform are executed in order to gain insight into the temperature distribution within the device. By means of the Comsol Multiphysics CAD import module, an extremely close 3D reproduction of the actual device, allowing to probe temperatures in those regions where an experimental measurement appears difficult or even impossible, is obtained. Different microfluidic chip materials (silicon/Pyrex®, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate and cyclo-olefin copolymer) are virtually tested. Furthermore the close connection between the FE model and the actual device provides an immediate outcome on its fabrication steps.
DETERMINATION EXTRACTION CONDITIONS FOR MAXIMUM PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN THE KIWIFRUIT USING RESPONSE SURFACE DESIGN

The study aims to determine the extraction parameters for maximal phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity from kiwifruit by using response surface methodology (RSM). Box-Behnken experimental design of RSM was applied to determine the effect of extraction parameters. Three independent variables were selected at three levels: methanol concentration (A: 60-75-90 %), ultrasound time (B: 5-10-15 min.), and mass of sample (C: 1-2-3 g). Conditions for maximum phenolic yield were found as A = 90%, B= 7.71 min, and C = 3 g, under this condition, DPPH of 88.96 %, ABTS of 739.07 mg/100g FW and TPC of 299.14 mg/100g fresh weight has been obtained.
Distracted Driving: A Novel Approach towards Accident Prevention

Roads accidents are increasingly being recognized as a growing public health problem. According to statistic over 1, 37, 000 people were killed in road accidents in 2013 and more than 16 children die every day in India because of road accident. There is one death every four minutes due to a road accident in India. Roads accidents are indispensable loss to our community. According to the research, one of the major causes of road accident is distracted driving. A distracted driver is the person who lacks their focus towards road and it can be due to many reasons like they might had a phone call, or they are eating or maybe they are too tired and feeling sleepy. Scientists are trying to develop several systems to prevent different types of accidents using alcohol sensors, automatic braking system and IR eye blink sensor. In our research we have tried to develop a system which can get rid of these types of accidents to a great extent. This system is like an advancement of eye blink sensor with high efficiency. With this alert system several distractions of the drivers can get rid which may causes for road accident.
Harry Potter and the Chamber of What?: the impact of what individuals know on word processing during

During reading, effects of contextual support indexed by N400 – a brain potential sensitive to semantic activation/retrieval – amplitude are presumably mediated by comprehenders’ world knowledge. Moreover, variability in knowledge may influence the contents, timing, and mechanisms of what is brought to mind during real-time sentence processing. Since it is infeasible to assess the entirety of each individual’s knowledge, we investigated a limited domain – the narrative world of Harry Potter (HP). We recorded event-related brain potentials while participants read sentences ending in words more/less contextually supported. For sentences about HP, but not about general topics, contextual N400 effects were graded according to individual participants’ HP knowledge. Our results not only confirm that context affects semantic processing by ∼250 ms or earlier, on average, but empirically demonstrate what has until now been assumed – that N400 context effects are a function of each individual’s knowledge, which here is highly correlated with their reading experience. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 13 February 2018 Accepted 10 July 2018
Fast Meshless Simulation of Anisotropic Tearing in Elastic Solids

Dynamic models to simulate tearing of soft elastic bodies are an essential element of various medical and surgical training simulators. These models are also finding increased use in film and gaming applications, where control over the quality and style of the final output is highly valued. There is a general lack of models specif­ ically designed to control tearing patterns, and in this thesis, we present our effort towards a soft-body tearing method that provides simple parametrizations to control the fracture independently from the elastic properties of the soft body simulation. Our parameters can influence how clean-cut or feathered the tear is, in addition to allowing anisotropic influence using an embedded fibre model in the elastic body. We also aim for a real-time implementation suitable for interactive environments, and our meshless solution is discussed in a context that is aware of the importance of unified physics solvers.
MASAGA: A Stochastic Algorithm for Manifold Optimization

We consider the stochastic optimization of ﬁnite sums where the functions are smooth and convex on a Riemannian manifold. We present MASAGA, an extension of SAGA on Riemannian manifolds. SAGA is a variance reduction technique that often performs faster in practice compared to methods that rely on updating the expensive full gradient frequently such as SVRG. However, SAGA typically requires extra memory proportional to the size of the dataset to store stale gradients. This memory foot-print can be reduced when the gradient vectors have a structure such as sparsity. We show that MASAGA achieves a linear convergence rate when the objective function is smooth, convex, and lies on a Riemannian manifold. Furthermore, we show that MASAGA achieves faster convergence rate with non-uniform sampling than the uniform sampling. Our experiments show that MASAGA is faster than the RSGD algorithm for ﬁnding the leading eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue.
Molecular classification of colorectal cancer

9 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 11 1. GENES AND CANCER 11 1.1 Oncogenes 12 1.2 Tumor suppressor genes 13 1.2.1 Gatekeepers 13 1.2.2 Caretakers 13 1.2.3 Landscapers 13 1.3 Epigenetic mechanisms 14 1.3.1 Methylation 14 1.3.2 Loss of imprinting (LOI) 14 2. COLORECTAL CANCER 15 2.1 Non-polyposis syndromes 15 2.2 Polyposis syndromes 17 2.2.1 Adenomatous polyposis syndromes 17 2.2.2 Hamartomatous polyposis syndromes 18 2.3 Low-penetrance alleles predisposing to colorectal cancer 19 3. PATHWAYS LEADING TO COLORECTAL CANCER 19 3.1 Suppressor pathway (The adenoma-carcinoma sequence) 19 3.2 Mutator pathway 22 3.3 Serrated neoplasia pathway 23 4. MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY 24 4.1 Mismatch repair system 26 4.1.1 Defects in mismatch repair system 28 AIMS OF THE STUDY 30 MATERIALS AND METHODS 31 1. PATIENT SAMPLES (I, II, III, IV) 31 1.1 DNA (I, II, III, IV) and RNA (IV) extraction 31 2. MSI ANALYSIS (I, II) 31 3. IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND MUTATION ANALYSIS OF MLH1, MSH2 AND MSH6 (I) 32 4. LOCUS SPECIFIC LOH ANALYSIS (II) 32 5. MUTATION ANALYSIS OF KRAS (II) 34 6. MGMT, MLH1, AND EPHB2 PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION ANALYSIS (II, IV). 34 6.1 Bisulfite modification 34 6.2 Methylation specific PCR 34 7. TOPOGRAPHIC MUTATION HETEROGENEITY ANALYSIS (II) 35 8. ALLELIC IMBALANCE (AI) ANALYSIS (III) 35 9. COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION (CGH) (III) 36 10. REAL–TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR 36 11. STATISTICAL ANALYSES (II, III) 36
Macroscopic manifestation of the strong nuclear interaction in the optical spectra of solids

Artifical activation of the strong interaction by adding of ne neutron to the nucleus causes the global reconstruction of the macroscopic charac teristics of solids.The experimental evidence of macroscopic manifestation of the strong intera c ion in optical spectra of solids which are differ by term of one neutron from each other has been present d. This evidence is based on two independent results: 1) The increase exciton energy on 103 m eV is caused by the adding of one neutron (using LiD crystals instead LiH ones); 2) After incr easing the amounts by one neutron the energy of LO phonons has decreased by 36 meV. The last one is di rectly seen from luminescence and scattering spectra. As far as the gravitation, electrom agnetic and weak interactions are the same in both of kind crystals, it only changes the strong interact ion. Therefore a logical conclusion is made that the renormalization of the energy of electromagnetic e xcitations (excitons, phonons) is carried out by the strong (nuclear) interaction. The Standard Model is insufficiently underlined.
Liquefaction identification based on instantaneous H/V spectrum ratio

The strong vibration record contains a lot of information on the site during the earthquake, and the dynamic characteristics of the soil layer in the site can be expressed through this information. Currently, the H/V spectral ratio recorded by acceleration is often used to study the seismic effect of the site. Inspired by this, the thesis puts forward the idea of using the instantaneous H/V spectral ratio and its corresponding instantaneous frequency to judge the site liquefaction. The time-varying VARMA model is used to represent the horizontal ground motion component as the output of a time-varying system with vertical ground motion component as input. According to the time-varying VARMA parameters, the instantaneous spectral ratio, instantaneous frequency of the system and instantaneous damping ratio are used to judge the site liquefaction.
Sea-land Segmentation Method for SAR Images Based on Improved BiSeNet

Sea–land segmentation is a basic step in coastline extraction and nearshore target detection. Because of poor segmentation accuracy and complicated parameter adjustment, the traditional sea–land segmentation algorithm is difficult to adapt in practical applications. Convolutional neural networks, which can extract multiple hierarchical features of images, can be used as an alternative technical approach for sea–land segmentation tasks. Among them, BiSeNet exhibits good performance in the semantic segmentation of natural scene images and effectively balances segmentation accuracy and speed. However, for the sea–land segmentation of SAR images, BiSeNet cannot extract the contextual semantic and spatial information of SAR images; thus, the segmentation effect is poor. To address the aforementioned problem, this study reduced the number of convolution layers in the spatial path to reduce the loss of spatial information and selected the ResNet18 lightweight model as the backbone network for the context path to reduce the overfitting phenomenon and provide a broad receptive field. At the same time, strategies for edge enhancement and loss function are proposed to improve the segmentation performance of the network in the land and sea boundary region. Experimental results based on GF3 data showed that the proposed method effectively improves the prediction accuracy and segmentation rate of the network. The segmentation accuracy and F1 score of the proposed method are 0.9889 and 0.9915, respectively, and the processing rate of SAR image slices with the resolution of 1024 × 1024 is 12.7 frames/s, which are better than those of other state-of-the-art approaches. Moreover, the size of the network is more than half of that of BiSeNet and smaller than that of U-Net. Thus, the network exhibits strong generalization performance.
Evaluation of two promising genes from the target region of SSC13 with susceptibility towards the ETEC F4ac adhesion in pigs

Abstract Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressing F4 fimbria is the major pathogenic bacteria causing diarrhoea in neonatal and post-weaned piglets. Based on our previous GWAS results from 301 pigs in a two generation family-based population, two promising candidate genes (HEG1 and ITGB5) from a 0.65 Mb region on pig chromosome 13 for susceptibility to ETEC F4ac infection were investigated for the presence of possible causative mutations. A total of 23 polymorphisms in their coding regions were identified, and two previous uppermost GWAS significant SNPs (ALGA0072075; GenBank NC_010455.4:g.145009857 A > G) were also chosen for genotyping in the three pig breeds. The genotyping data and association analysis results showed that a C to T polymorphism in exon7, and a G to T polymorphism in exon14 of the HEG1 gene significant increased the effects on the ETEC F4ac adhesion traits (p = 2.853E − 11; p = 1.410E − 09). Although the identified polymorphisms were not causal mutations, these results indicate that the HEG1 gene is an important adhesion molecule, and it could serve as a genetic marker for selecting ETEC F4ac-resistant pigs in breeding programmes.
Basicstudy on Effects of Dimensions on Heat Transfer Enhancement around Heating Components by Pulsating Airflow

This study describes a possibility of a development of the heat transfer enhancement technique on heating components such as electrical devices mounted in electronic enclosure by applying the pulsating airflow through 3D-CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis. We especially investigated the effects of the dimensions of the heating prism mounted in the enclosure on the heat transfer performance of the pulsating airflow. It was found that the level of the heat transfer enhancement was dependent on the dimensions of the heating object. Information about doing the optimization of the condition of the flow pulsation for increasing the level of the heat transfer enhancement by the pulsating airflow.
A Pharmacognostical Comparative Investigation on Valeriana alliariifolia Adams

Free radicals are shown as the main reason of many chronic and degenerative diseases. Because of the toxicity and undesirable effects of synthetic antioxidants, finding of new antioxidant natural agents is very important, especially edible plants. As an edible plant, valerian is used for various aims. Also, Valeriana species are known with their antioxidative compounds. In our previous study, some biological activities of Valeriana alliariifolia Adams roots extracts, collected in 2012, and the chemical compositions of active samples were determined. For this study, after 5 years collected plant materials were investigated again to determine and compare the antioxidant activities, the total phenolic contents and the chemical composition profile of the extracts from different plant-parts and to compare obtained results with the previous data. While RWI, RWM1 and RWM1residue were found most active by DPPH method and AHM1 by FRAP method, REM1 showed the highest activity by CUPRAC method. The high activity of AHM1 is parallel to its phenolic content. It can be thought that the difference between the results of our two studies, is due to the change of plant content from year to year and various environmental factors. This is important for achieving standardization in the production of its preparations.
A COMPLETE SLIDING MODE CONTROLLED DTC DRIVE FOR INDUCTION MOTOR CONTROL

Direct torque control (DTC) is known to produce fast response and robust control in AC adjustable-speed drives. However, in the steady-state operation, notable torque, flux, and current pulsations occur. A new, direct torque and flux control strategy based on sliding mode controller and sliding mode observer is proposed for direct torque control (DTC) senserless induction motor drive. The control strategy combining complete sliding mode controller and sliding mode observer is proposed and modelled in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The DTC transient merits and robustness are preserved and the steady state behavior is improved by reducing the torque and flux pulsations. Simulations results with the proposed control scheme are presented.
Do Transformers Dream of Inference, or Can Pretrained Generative Models Learn Implicit Inferential Rules?

Large pretrained language models (LM) have been used successfully for multi-hop question answering. However, most of these directions are not interpretable, as they do not make the inference hops necessary to explain a candidate answer explicitly. In this work, we investigate the capability of a state-of-the-art transformer LM to generate explicit inference hops, i.e., to infer a new statement necessary to answer a question given some premise input statements. Our analysis shows that such LMs can generate new statements for some simple inference types, but performance remains poor for complex, real-world inference types such as those that require monotonicity, composition, and commonsense knowledge.
Nonconventional Ca(OH)2 treatment of bamboo fibres for the reinforcement of cement composites

This study compares the structural and morphological changes in Guadua angustifolia Kunth (GAK) fber prepared in three different ways (chips, barkless and crushed) when non-conventional alkaline treatment is applied. Moreover, it shows the improvement of mechanical properties of cement composites reinforced with these treated fbers. The three different preparations of Guadua were treated with a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide (5%) at 125 ◦C and 1.25 kPa for 3 h to remove non-cellulosic compounds. Then, their chemical, morphological, and structural properties were examined. The fbers exhibiting the higher delignifcation rate were selected to prepare cement composite boards, whose mechanical properties were successively compared with those of composites reinforced with untreated G. angustifolia fbers. The water/cement ratios of the cement mixed with the Ca(OH)2-treated and the untreated fbers were, respectively, around 0.3 and 0.25. The fexural strength and toughness of the two composites were evaluated after 7, 28, and 90 days of curing. The calcium hydroxide treatment showed higher efficiency in removing non-cellulosic materials when performed on crushed bamboo; moreover, the mechanical properties of the composites reinforced with the treated fbers were higher than those mixed with the untreated ones. After 90 days of curing, the fexural strength increased by around 40% and the toughness became three times higher (p < 0.05). The mechanical improvement by the Ca(OH)2 treatment of G. angustifolia fbers demonstrates its potential for the fabrication of cement composites.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PLATED AND SOLDERABLE METALLIZATION ON 15.6X15.6 CM IBC CELLS

IBC process development at imec has focused on upscaling from 2x2 cm to full area 15.6x15. 6 cm cells, while making use of industrially viable processing techniques. First results were published recently, with a best cell efficiency of 21.3%, limited by a FF of 77.4% due to high series resistance. The process flow to obtain this result involved a 3 m thick sputtered aluminium metal layer, which is not straight forward from an industrial perspective and not readily viable for module interconnection. We therefore developed a Cu-plated metallization for large area IBC cells. This metallization is the topic of this work. We developed and studied a suitable thin sputtered seed layer for the plating process, which serves as a barrier against Cu and which has good contact properties to Si. Sputtering of various materials could cause damage to the underlying passivation layer and Si, at cell level leading to lower Voc and pFF. The damage caused by the different layers is investigated in detail and the developed process is implemented on 15.6x15. 6 cm IBC cells which yields efficiencies up to 21.9% over the full wafer area of 239 cm.
OUT OF AUTOCLAVE MATERIAL “SEMI-PREG” / TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RESIN TRANSFER MOLDING

1. Abstract Autoclave molding method using prepreg had been used to make CFRP for long time. This is because high quality and reliable process has been chosen for the needs to introduce in the primary structure of aircraft, main application of CFRP. Recently, aircraft market is growing for global economic growth, and for the expansion of small and medium sized plane market such as regional jets, CFRP molding technology with low cost and high productivity is highly required. On the other hands, in automotive applications, CFRP had been limited to be used for luxury sporty cars. But recently even for mass production cars, car bodies need to be lighter by CFRP as the environmental regulations become stronger. In order to realize mass productive CFRP bodies, technological developments are accelerated for lower cost and higher productivity. Today, we would like to introduce achievement of developing “Semi-Preg (RFI)” and “Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)” in Toho Tenax, the key technologies in thermoset composites.
Photoinduced perfluorobutylation of organic substrates in aqueous media

Hydroperfluorobutylation of a series of electron-deficient and electron-rich alkenes through consecutive radical reactions employing perfluorobutyl iodide, n-C4F9I, and (Me3Si)3SiH as chain carrier/hydrogen atom donor is described. The photoinduced Halogen Atom Transfer (HAT) reactions of both olefins and alkynes with n-C4F9I are also shown to be achieved efficiently in aqueous mixtures. On the other hand, aromatic and heteroaromatic substrates can be perfluorobutylated with high efficiency in a photoinduced fashion by means of a Homolytic Aromatic Substitution (SHA) process which involves an Electron Transfer (ET) and a Proton Transfer (PT) step.