Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detecting spatially co-expressed gene clusters with functional coherence by graph-regularized convolutional neural network

MOTIVATION Clustering spatial-resolved gene expressions is an essential analysis to reveal gene activities in the underlying morphological context by their functional roles. However, conventional clustering analysis does not consider gene expression co-localizations in tissue for detecting spatial expression patterns or functional relationships among the genes for biological interpretation in the spatial context. In this paper, we present a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) regularized by the graph of Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network to cluster spatially-resolved gene expressions. This method improves the coherence of spatial patterns and provides biological interpretation of the gene clusters in the spatial context by exploiting the spatial localization by convolution and gene functional relationships by graph-Laplacian regularization. RESULTS In the experiments, we tested clustering the spatially variable genes or all expressed genes in the transcriptome in 22 Visium spatial transcriptomics datasets of different tissue sections publicly available from 10x Genomics and spatialLIBD. The results demonstrate that the PPI-regularized CNN constantly detects gene clusters with coherent spatial patterns and significantly enriched by gene functions with the-state-of-the-art performance. Additional case studies on mouse kidney tissue and human breast cancer tissue suggest that the PPI-regularized CNN also detects spatially co-expressed genes to define the corresponding morphological context in the tissue with valuable insights. AVAILABILITY Source code is available at https://github.com/kuanglab/CNN-PReg.
Microfluid oscillator based on thermocapillarity

A novel micro fluid oscillator with a boron diffused resistor is proposed in this paper. The actuation principle is based on the combination of Marangoni effect. The contemporary microfabrication technique enables us to fabricate microheater tiny enough to control temperature so quickly and precisely in micro length scale. The devices exhibiting the Marangoni effect in square channels were designed and fabricated from one silicon substrate and two quartz substrates. And the three substrates were aligned, bonded and packaged for testing. In this actuator there is a pair of micro-heaters to produce a thermal gradient along the slit. The driving wattage is about 0.1W and the resistors can make a temperature difference about 100 degrees during 0.1s with a pulsewidth of 20us for 0.1A current pulses. Then the movement is driven towards the lower temperature direction by the interfacial tension of the air-liquid interface. This micro fluid actuator can play important role in many liquid micro-systems such as in micromotor and micro valve.
Ge2Sb2Te5 Confined Structures and Integration of 64 Mb Phase-Change Random Access Memory

Phase-change random access memory is considered a potential challenger for conventional memories, such as dynamic random access memory and flash memory due to its numerous advantages. Nevertheless, high reset current is the ultimate problem in developing high-density phase-change random access memory (PRAM). We focus on the adoption of Ge2Sb2Te5 confined structures to achieve lower reset currents. By changing from a normal to a GST confined structure, the reset current drops to as low as 0.8 mA. Eventually, our integrated 64 Mb PRAM based on 0.18 µm CMOS technology offers a large sensing margin: Rreset ∼200 kΩ and Rset ∼2 kΩ, as well as reasonable reliability: an endurance of 1.0×109 cycles and a retention time of 2 years at 85°C.
Technology in Managing an Academic Institution with a Focus on Language Faculty

The presence of technology has an impact on the corporate culture of a university. The academic community has to learn to adapt and adopt the various technologies which include Managed Learning Environment (MLE), Student Learning Environment (SMS) and Learning Management System (LMS) to keep abreast with the latest development in education. The technology that exists has to be managed to obtain the expected return on investment (ROI). This paper presents the initiatives taken by a Malaysian public university in planning and delivering technology services to meet its educational objectives. It discusses factors that are involved which include policy implementation, governance, integration in teaching and learning, learning management system, research and publication. The paper touches on the use of dedicated and open source systems/software in administration, teaching and learning.
A 1 kW, 500 kHz front-end converter for a distributed power supply system

The analysis, design, and performance are discussed of a prototype high power-density converter suitable for use in the front-end of a distributed power supply system. The system delivers 1 kW to a regulated 40 V distribution bus from the rectified utility line. Its switching frequency is 500 kHz, and it uses a phase-shifted pulse-width modulation technique to avoid primary-side switching losses. The converter's topology is a standard power MOSFET H-bridge that drives a transformer. The output of this transformer is rectified by a full bridge of Schottky diodes. The switches of this forward converter are operated in a fixed-frequency PWM mode. The dominant parasitic elements are the transformer's leakage inductor, the MOSFETs' output capacitors, and the rectifiers' junction capacitors. Of these three groups of parasitic elements, only the leakage inductors do not result in a direct switching loss. To avoid MOSFET switching losses, the converter is controlled with a special gate-drive pattern that permits full recovery of the MOSFETs' capacitive energy. At the same time this drive scheme gives zero-voltage switching for the MOSFETs. The converter's efficiency at full load approaches 90%. <<ETX>>
Microwave and millimeter-wave Doppler radar heart sensing

Technology that can be used to unobtrusively detect and monitor the presence of human subjects from a distance and through barriers can be a powerful tool for meeting new security challenges, including asymmetric battlefield threats abroad and defense infrastructure needs back home. Our team is developing mobile remote sensing technology for battle-space awareness and warfighter protection, based on microwave and millimeter-wave Doppler radar motion sensing devices that detect human presence. This technology will help overcome a shortfall of current see-through-thewall (STTW) systems, which is, the poor detection of stationary personnel. By detecting the minute Doppler shifts induced by a subject's cardiopulmonary related chest motion, the technology will allow users to detect personnel that are completely stationary more effectively. This personnel detection technique can also have an extremely low probability of intercept since the signals used can be those from everyday communications. The software and hardware developments and challenges for personnel detection and count at a distance will be discussed, including a 2.4 GHz quadrature radar single-chip silicon CMOS implementation, a low-power double side-band Ka-band transmission radar, and phase demodulation and heart rate extraction algorithms. In addition, the application of MIMO techniques for determining the number of subjects will be discussed.
Identifying Key Parameters for Design Improvement in High-Dimensional Systems With Uncertainty

Key parameters may be used to turn a bad design into a good design with comparatively little effort. The proposed method identifies key parameters in high-dimensional nonlinear systems that are subject to uncertainty. A numerical optimization algorithm seeks a solution space on which all designs are good, that is, they satisfy a specified design criterion. The solution space is box-shaped and provides target intervals for each parameter. A bad design may be turned into a good design by moving its key parameters into their target intervals. The solution space is computed so as to minimize the effort for design work: its shape is controlled by particular constraints such that it can be reached by changing only a small number of key parameters. Wide target intervals provide tolerance against uncertainty, which is naturally present in a design process, when design parameters are unknown or cannot be controlled exactly. In a simple two-dimensional example problem, the accuracy of the algorithm is demonstrated. In a high-dimensional vehicle crash design problem, an underperforming vehicle front structure is improved by identifying and appropriately changing a relevant key parameter.
Research on Multilevel Inventory Control of FMCG Industry Based on System Dynamics

In this paper, the method of system dynamics is applied for the supply chain inventory management in FMCG industry. Based on the analysis of three-level supply chain inventory control loop, this paper establishes system dynamic models related profits and the service level of 2&3-level supply chain. After testing the validity of the model, the writer does some simulation through the system dynamics software Vensim．In addition, the model and simulation described in the paper are highly understandable and practicable, and thus have a very good prospect of application.
How Much Should You Pay for that Box?

Captain Rhodes noted that all his aircraft fly like aircraft. 707s, for example, fly like 707s. His simulators do not fly like aircraft and my simplistic answer is that the reason they do not fly like aircraft is they are not aircraft. The simulator is fundamentally a box sitting on the ground (Tait, 1972).
The Detection System of Rotary Screen Printing Based on Machine Vision Technology

With the error detection problems in rotary screen printing, in this paper the machine vision technology is proposed to detect the design register error in the dyeing process, and the characteristics of the printing and dyeing contexture image are introduced, too. Combined with the features of " broken pattern " image, with the edge of the fabric image as characteristic curve, and through Fourier-mellin transform, the fabric image error detection is implemented; Finally, in the paper, the " broken pattern " error results show the feasibility of the scheme ,at the same time provide a theoretical basis for the further actual application.
Microstrip Tapped-Line Filter Design

The subject of this article is a step-by-step design procedure for microstrip tapped-line filters, accompanied by appropriate design curves. In addition to microstrip tapped-line interdigital filters, a new hairpin-line filter using tapping is introduced. The equation to equation the singly loaded Q for hairpin resonators produced by tapping is derived. Experimental data is presented for filters over 20-percent bandwidth.
Classifying Road Users in Urban Scenes Using Movement Patterns

This paper describes an automated classification approach to road users. The main motivation behind road-user classification in the context of safety stems from the necessity to learn traffic scenarios and understand patterns within each road-user class. The end goal in the analysis is to identify and learn scenarios that may contribute to hazards in traffic conditions. The classification relies on video data (movement trajectories) collected in urban intersections. The approach is based on the discrimination of the shapes of the speed profiles of each road-user type, more precisely, the discrimination between the speed movement patterns of vehicles and the ambulatory characteristics of pedestrians. The collected movement-trajectory data are represented as time series. The classification is performed using singular value decomposition and reconstruction of the time series. Two complementary methods are proposed based on the quality evaluation (correlation score) of the reconstructed trajectories. In the first method, a threshold-based decision procedure is applied. This approach is complemented in the second method by a semisupervised classification procedure guided by movement prototypes. The approach is validated on real-world data collected in Oakland, California. A correct classification of around 90% was achieved using both methods.
Standards, Processes, and Tools Used to Evaluate the Quality of Health Information Systems: Systematic Literature Review

Background Evaluating health information system (HIS) quality is strategically advantageous for improving the quality of patient care. Nevertheless, few systematic studies have reported what methods, such as standards, processes, and tools, were proposed to evaluate HIS quality. Objective This study aimed to identify and discuss the existing literature that describes standards, processes, and tools used to evaluate HIS quality. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review using review guidelines focused on software and systems. We examined seven electronic databases—Scopus, ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and PubMed—to search for and select primary studies. Results Out of 782 papers, we identified 17 (2.2%) primary studies. We found that most of the primary studies addressed quality evaluation from a management perspective. On the other hand, there was little explicit and pragmatic evidence on the processes and tools that allowed for the evaluation of HIS quality. Conclusions To promote quality evaluation of HISs, it is necessary to define mechanisms and methods that operationalize the standards in HISs. Additionally, it is necessary to create metrics that measure the quality of the most critical components and processes of HISs.
A comparative analysis of the performance of traditional contracting and design-build procurements on client objectives in Nigeria

Abstract Client objectives in a building project are to build within the budget and estimated construction period and being satisfied with the quality of the project. The ability of the procurement methods in achieving these objectives does influence the client to choose any to implement the project. The performance of two of such procurement methods: the traditional contracting and design-build against client objectives were determined using data set of 53 traditional contracts and 15 design-build projects gathered through a questionnaire survey administered unto respondents in three locations in Nigeria. Time overrun, cost overrun and clients’ satisfaction with quality standard were used as basis for comparison. Analysis showed that, the mean cost overrun, and time overrun for design-build were 21.4% and 36.8% respectively as compared with 42.6% and 135.6% for traditional contracting projects. As for quality standard, 78% of design-build clients were satisfied with their projects as compared with 51% fo.
InGaAsP/InP quantum-well electrorefractive modulators with sub-volt Vpi

Advanced analog-optical sensor, signal processing and communication systems could benefit significantly from wideband (DC to > 50 GHz) optical modulators having both low half-wave voltage (Vpi) and low optical insertion loss. An important figure-of-merit for modulators used in analog applications is Tmax/Vpi, where Tmax is the optical transmission of the modulator when biased for maximum transmission. Candidate electro-optic materials for realizing these modulators include lithium niobate (LiNbO3), polymers, and semiconductors, each of which has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we report the development of 1.5-um-wavelength Mach-Zehnder modulators utilizing the electrorefractive effect in InGaAsP/InP symmetric, uncoupled semiconductor quantum-wells. Modulators with 1-cm-long, lumped-element electrodes are found to have a push-pull Vpi of 0.9V (Vpi*L = 9 V-mm) and 18-dB fiber-to-fiber insertion loss (Tmax/Vpi = 0.018). Fabry-Perot cutback measurements reveal a waveguide propagation loss of 7 dB/cm and a waveguide-to-fiber coupling loss of 5 dB/facet. The relatively high propagation loss results from a combination of below-bandedge absorption and scattering due to waveguide-sidewall roughness. Analyses show that most of the coupling loss can be eliminated though the use of monolithically integrated inverted-taper optical-mode converters, thereby allowing these modulators to exceed the performance of commercial LiNbO3 modulators (Tmax/Vpi ~ 0.1). We also report the analog modulation characteristics of these modulators.
An Analysis of Mental Workload in Pilots During Flight Using Multiple Psychophysiological Measures

Piloting an aircraft is a complex task that places demands on several aspects of a pilot's cognitive capabilities. Because of the multifaceted nature of flying, several measures are required to identify the effects of these demands on the pilot. Several psychophysiological measures were recorded so that a wider understanding of the effects of these demands could be achieved. Heart rate, heart rate variability, eye blinks, electrodermal activity, topographically recorded electrical brain activity, and subjective estimates of mental workload were recorded. Ten pilots flew an approximately 90-min scenario containing both visual and instrument flight conditions. To determine the reliability of the psychophysiological measures, the pilots flew the same scenario twice. The responses during the 2 flights were essentially identical. Cardiac and electrodermal measures were highly correlated and exhibited changes in response to the various demands of the flights. Heart rate variability was less sensitive than heart rate. Alpha and delta bands of the brain activity showed significant changes to the varying demands of the scenarios. Blink rates decreased during the more highly visually demanding segments of the flights.
Simple Models for Model-based Portfolio Load Balancing Controller Synthesis

Abstract This paper presents a collection of models of so-called ‘effectuators', i.e., subsystems in a power plant portfolio that represent control actions with associated dynamics and actuation costs. These models are derived in order to facilitate higher-level model-based control synthesis of a portfolio of generation units existing in an electrical power supply network, for instance in model-based predictive control or declarative control schemes. We focus on the effectuators found in the Danish power system. In particular, the paper presents models for boiler load, district heating, condensate throttling and wind turbine effectuators. Each model is validated against actual measurement data. Considering their simplicity, the models fit the observed data very well and are thus suitable for control purposes.
Meridional Migration of ENSO Impact on Tropical Atlantic Precipitation Controlled by the Seasonal Cycle

Previous studies suggest that the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impact on tropical Atlantic climate variability shows strong seasonal preference, manifesting itself primarily in the decaying boreal spring season. However, here we show that a robust ENSO signal in tropical Atlantic precipitation anomalies can be detected throughout ENSO’s whole lifecycle. We find that the ENSO impact on the tropical Atlantic precipitation migrates meridionally, following the seasonal migration of the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Taking into account the modulation of the local seasonal cycle, the full spatiotemporal characteristics of ENSO’s impact on tropical Atlantic precipitation are uncovered. Furthermore, we demonstrate that climate models can simulate the modulation of ENSO‐related precipitation over the tropical Atlantic by the local seasonal cycle despite the substantial mean state model bias in the Atlantic ITCZ. This extended perspective on ENSO’s impact on tropical Atlantic climate variability enhances prospects for skillful year‐round regional climate prediction.
Synthesis of onboard array antennas including interaction with the mounting platform and mutual coupling effects

The synthesis of array antennas mounted on ships, or any other vehicular platform, is addressed here. Both the mutual coupling between the array elements, and their interaction with the mounting platform, are considered and introduced into the synthesis procedure. This is done by using a three-dimensional formulation of the method of moments, which models the currents induced on the platform and the antennas, combined with an optimization procedure. Some results are presented, illustrating the capability of the proposed synthesis method.
Problems in analysis and design of switching regulators : I. Pole placement technique for DC-to-DC switching regulators. II. Transformer modelling. III. Cross-regulation of the two-output Cuk converter

Power Electronics is an interdisciplinary field which combines three of the major disciplines of electrical engineering--control, power and electronics. The three topics in this thesis arise from problems encountered in these fields. Part I is an application of modern control theory to the design of any dc-to-dc switching regulator. By feeding back all the state variables in a regulator, the system closed-loop poles can be placed anywhere desired on the s-plane. This is in contrast to the conventional single-loop design where the closed-loop poles are constrained on the root loci between the open loop poles and zeros. With this total-state feedback technique, the stability margins and transient responses of a switching regulator can be shaped as desired. Part II is a study of transformer modelling, which is important in the design of power processing circuits. The simple [pi]-model is used to model two-winding, three-winding and under some special cases, four-winding transformers. In the past, the parameters in the model were expressed in terms of the coupled-inductor coefficients L11, M12, L22 etc., while in this thesis, they are expressed in terms of the permeances which link the model directly to the physical layout of the windings. With this representation, the physical insight of the transformer is explicitly exposed in the model. Part III analyzes the cross-regulation problem of a two-output Cuk converter. The unique effect of the unequal discharge of the coupling capacitances on the cross-regulation of a Cuk converter is first discussed. It is pointed out that this effect can be made arbitrarily small by increasing the values of the capacitances. The parasitic effects such as leakage inductances, winding resistances and diode offset voltages are then included in the more general analysis. Quantitative results, which are useful in control and improvement of the cross-regulation, are given at the end.
The Prevalence of Alcohol Prevention Efforts in Swedish Workplaces

This article presents results from a survey aimed at identifying the extent of alcohol prevention efforts in Swedish workplaces focusing on the dissemination of a model for secondary prevention — the ‘Risk Drinking model’. From a random sample of 929 human resource managers at Swedish workplaces, 374 answered a web-based questionnaire (response rate = 40%). Results showed that about 70% had an alcohol policy at their workplace, 51% were engaged in alcohol prevention efforts and about 19% used the Risk Drinking model. Regression analyses showed that large workplaces, workplaces where employees received training on alcohol, public sector and female-dominated workplaces were significantly associated with alcohol prevention activities. We conclude that training is important for the implementation of alcohol prevention at Swedish workplaces, and is of particular importance in small enterprises.