Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DataSense: Display-Agnostic Data Documentation

Producing and consuming documentation is an essential step when creating and analyzing data. Good documentation helps a consumer of data to understand the context of the data and its schema, including (i) semantics (e.g., the currency of an account balance), (ii) data collection techniques (e.g., which assay was used to measure blood iron), (iii) limitations or caveats (e.g., that missing values are due to sensor failure), and (iv) assumptions made (e.g., missing geographical locations were inferred through geocoding). Misunderstanding the context of a dataset can lead to statistical errors and mistakes with potentially serious, life-threatening consequences. In short, good data documentation is critical. Unfortunately, extensive documentation can overwhelm users, making it hard to find elements in the documentation that are relevant for the task at hand. We need a better way to interact with documentation than the current state of the art: dozens or even hundreds of pages of word documents. Modern code development environments (IDEs) present a compelling solution for code: (i) Syntax highlighting is a high-level overview of the document structure, helping users to survey it; and (ii) Mouseover detail views show users the specifics of functions, types, classes, etc. We argue that a similar paradigm is needed for datasets, a paradigm we term display-agnostic data documentation ( DAD ). DAD facilitates both discovery and lookup of context-relevant data documentation by inlining them directly and interactively into the data display. This documentation can often be derived from the data or by analyzing provenance. Many such techniques already exist, from fully automated data documentation techniques like data profiling, provenance summarization, to user-provided prose annotations. For example:
CONSUMERS’ KNOWLEDGE, MAXIMIZING TENDENCIES, AND POST-DECISION INFORMATION SEARCH

Nowadays consumers have more previous knowledge about products and services before making decisions. This study sheds light on the effects of consumers’ previous knowledge on post-decision information search. Previous studies argue that cognitive dissonance and feelings of regret or dissatisfaction elicit this search. However, we show through one experimental and two correlational studies that this view is incomplete. Our findings indicate that knowledgeable consumers search for more information at the post-decision stage, even when the decision cannot be modified. This main effect is stronger (weaker) for maximizers (satisficers). Also, cognitive dissonance affects the postdecision information search behavior. Therefore, we suggest a new variable, consumers’ previous knowledge, for consideration in the post-decision information search model.
Diffusion-based Temporal Embeddings for Biomedical Entities

Semantics in natural language processing is largely dependent on contextual relationships between words and entities in documents. The context of a word may evolve. For example, the word “apple” currently has two contexts – a fruit and a technology company. The changes in the context of entities in biomedical publications can help us understand the evolution of a disease and relevant scientiﬁc interventions. In this work, we present a new diffusion-based temporal word embedding model that can capture short and long-term changes in the semantics of biomedical entities. Our model captures how the context of each entity shifts over time. Existing dynamic word embeddings capture semantic evolution at a discrete/granular level, aiming to study how a language developed over a long period. Our approach provides smooth embeddings suitable for studying short as well as long-term changes. For the evaluation of the proposed model, we track the semantic evolution of entities in abstracts of biomedical publications. Our experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model when compared to its state-of-the-art alternatives.
Information status and L2 prosody

When referring, speakers vary prosody according to the information status of the referent. There is some work on L2 learners’ use of prosody in encoding given and new information but not necessarily in the context of reference maintenance. The current study investigates how Chinese learners of Dutch use prosody (i.e., duration and pitch-related cues) in reference maintenance at different proficiency levels (intermediate vs. advanced) in Dutch via a picture-stories reading task. We have found that despite the similarities in Dutch and Mandarin Chinese in the use of prosody in reference, the intermediate learners differed from the advanced learners in not using duration and limited use of pitch. We propose an L1-transfer based account to explain this effect of proficiency.
Samples to determine the resolution of neutron radiography and tomography

Knowing the resolution and effective pixel size of an imaging system is essential for dimensional and quantitative measurements. A collection of test devices was developed for neutron imaging that can be used to quantify pixel and voxel size, resolution of the imaging system, and beam divergence. The first set of devices is intended for measurements with radiographs using test patterns or an absorbing edge. For tomography, Al vials were filled with Ti spheres of increasing dimensions in each vial. Ti was chosen since it provides sufficient contrast while the transmission is still guaranteed. The first resolution criterion was to determine from which vial that the spheres can be uniquely identified as spheres. More complex analysis would involve measuring the volume of the spheres or even to compute the edge spread function analogous to the method with the knife-edge for radiographs. For the edge analysis, a larger Ti sphere was considered. Using a sphere for the edge spread function analysis allowed for determination of the resolution in any direction. Images acquired using the different test items are included and methods to perform the analysis required to quantify the resolution from the images are proposed. c © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of ITMNR-8.
Single Pulse-Width-Modulation Strategy for Dual-Active Bridge Converters

This paper describes a single pulse-width modulation control strategy using the Single Pulse-Width Modulation (SPWM) method with a soft-switching technique for a wide range of output voltages from a bidirectional Dual-Active Bridge (DAB) converter. This method selects two typical inductor current waveforms for soft-switching, and proposes a rule that makes it possible to achieve soft-switching without any compensation algorithm from the waveforms. In addition, both the step-up and step-down conditions are analyzed. This paper verifies that the leakage inductance is independent from the rule, which makes it easier to apply in DAB converters. An integrated algorithm, which includes step-up and step-down techniques, is proposed. The results of experiments conducted on a 50-kW prototype are presented. The system efficiency is experimentally verified to be from 85.6% to 97.5% over the entire range.
The Hot Air Blast as Aversive Stimulus in Escape Contingencies with Rats

To increase the number of aversive stimuli that are available for laboratory research, the hot air blast (HAB) was tested as a negative reinforcer in two escape contingencies. Sixteen naïve rats were exposed to 30 or 60 HAB presentations. For half of the subjects, the escape response was jumping in a shuttle box; for the others, the HAB was interrupted after a nose poke response. The results showed that seven of eight subjects (87.5%) in each group learned the required escape response. These data confirm the negative reinforcing function of the HAB, which may be an alternative aversive stimulus to be adopted in research with nonhumans subjects.
Title: A Framework for Food Supply Chain Digitalisation: Lessons from Thailand

The promise of digitalisation is enormous and nowhere is it more critical than in its potential to transform food supply chain. Consumers have become more educated and are demanding realtime updated information on foods they consumed through digital media. They are also increasingly demanding to know if the foods they consuming are environmentally and socially sustainable or not. As a result, food product traceability, safety, and sustainability issues have become crucial concerns to food retailers, distributors, processors, and farmers. Digitalisation allow food supply chains to be highly connected, efficient, and responsive to customer needs and regulation requirements. However, digitalising a traditional food supply chain is challenging and resource demanding. This is more so for developing countries where moving food from farms to consumers can take months as it travels through an array of middlemen. Unfortunately, little is available in the existing literature on food supply chain digitalisation. So far, current researchers mainly explore the benefits of digitalisation. Using cases in three companies, this paper explores the practices, challenges, and opportunities faced by Thailand food manufacturers in digitalising their food supply chains. A framework for food supply chain digitalisation is proposed and its implications for research and practices are discussed.
Topological defects of cholesteric liquid crystals for volumes with spherical shape

Abstract The existence of the monopoles both with one x (+2) line and two x (+1) lines in cholesteric volumes with spherical shape is shown experimentally by microscopic observations with polarized light. The effect of disapperarnce of x lines near the cholesteric-smectic A transition is discovered.
Fabrication and Characteristics of Microbial Time Temperature Indicators from Bio‐Paste Using Screen Printing Method

Screen printing method was employed to produce microbial time temperature indicators (TTI). Bio‐pastes containing lactic acid bacteria loaded Ca‐alginate microparticles (LCAMs) and suitable for printing on polymer films have been produced. Through a spray‐solidification method, polysaccharide gel microparticles allowed for the efficient encapsulation of the lactic acid bacteria, which chromatically induced a colour change in the pH indicator. As the alginate concentration of LCAMs increased, the size of the microparticles decreased. The average diameter of LCAMs ranged from (1.67 ± 0.15) × 103 to (2.93 ± 0.31) × 103 nm. For the evaluation of bio‐pastes, the contact angles and lactic acid production properties were determined. Lower contact angles were obtained with decreasing pullulan concentration, indicating the increase in wettability for printing. The curve of lactic acid production by alginate immobilized cells was determined to take place as a zero‐order reaction favourable to TTI colour change. Visibility of TTIs was greatly improved at microencapsulation sites. As the size of the LCAMs was decreased, the visibility was found to be improved. The Arrhenius activation energy (Ea) of CIFP009‐based TTI was 117 kJ/mol. The results show that the developed manufacturing method would be used for an industrialized, simple and low‐cost manufacturing method for microbial TTIs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An effective antimicrobial treatment for wool using polyhexamethylene biguanide as the biocide, part 2: Further characterizations of the fabrics

Part 1 of this study reported an effective antimicrobial treatment for wool, using a pretreatment of peroxymonosulfate and sulfite to facilitate the exhaustion of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), a biocide with a long history of safe use. Here, further studies were performed to examine whether this finishing would satisfy the requirements for commercial antimicrobial textile production in terms of washing durability, its compatibility with dyeing and its effects on textile physical properties. The finishing was found to be very durable, sustaining at least 25 washing cycles without significant reduction in the antimicrobial activity. The process was compatible with reactive dyes, although other types of dyes (acid dyes, chrome dyes, and Premetalized dyes) all reduced PHMB uptake by ∼ 50%. The finishing had little adverse effect on the tensile strength, handle or whiteness of the fabrics. This process therefore meets the requirements of and holds promise for the commercial production of antimicrobial wool textiles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
QM investigations on perovskite-structured transition metal oxides: bulk, surfaces and interfaces

We present the results of electronic-structure, abinitio calculations on a set of perovskite-structured transition metal oxides, in which the transition metal ion has electronic configuration ). We perform an analysis of the QM solution for the bulk materials, based on a phenomenological, tight binding-like examination of the band structures in reciprocal space. This treatment allows us to understand the trends in the properties of bulk perovskites as a function of their chemical composition; a parameter is defined, easily calculated from the band structure of the cubic phase, that controls the extent of covalence in the M–O interaction. Ferroelectric-like distortions from the cubic phase are seeded by a symmetry breaking around either a M or an O ion of the structure; the electronic perturbation is then transferred to the neighbouring sites via a delocalisation of the π M–O bonding levels in the valence band. Investigations on the 〈001〉 surface termination of BaTiO3 and WO3 show that the electronic perturbation induced by the surface can couple with the ferro-/antiferro-electric (FE/AFE) distortional modes of the bulk materials in the surface and sub-surface regions. We have been able to attribute to different surface terminations an FE or AFE character. Finally, via the design of suitable perovskite/perovskite interfaces, we have combined materials with FE bulk behaviour with AFE surface terminations, and viceversa AFE bulk materials with FE surfaces. Our results show that the interface strain may significantly alter the behaviour of the support. The complexity of the systems investigated is already comparable to applications of FE materials in the field of computer memories.
FTIR Study of Competitive Water-Arene Sorption on Tetramethylammonium- and Trimethylphenylammonium-Montmorillonites

Montmorillonites saturated with small quaternary alkylammonium ions such as tetramethyl-ammonium (TMA) or trimethylphenylammonium (TMPA) are excellent sorbents for aromatic pollutants. In some cases, water inhibits arene sorption, but the inhibition mechanism is not understood completely. The objectives of this study were to determine whether arenes interact with adsorbed TMA and TMPA ions and/or with siloxane surfaces, and how water affects these interactions. We reacted benzene and ethylbenzene vapors with normal- and reduced-charge TMA- and TMPA-montmorillonite films at several relative humidities, and obtained infrared spectra of the resulting sorbate-clay complexes. Arene sorption caused the methyl asymmetric deformation vibrations adsorbed TMA and TMPA to shift to lower wave-number, whereas water sorption caused shifts to higher wavenumber. In the absence of water, benzene and ethylbenzene adsorbed on the siloxane surface as well as interacted directly with TMA and TMPA ions. The proportion of TMA and TMPA ions that interacted with benzene and ethylbenzene was greater for reduced-charge than normal-charge montmorillonite. Comparison of the HOH deformation and cation methyl asymmetric deformation vibrations indicated that both benzene and ethylbenzene inhibited water sorption substantially, and that water more readily displaced benzene and ethylbenzene from TMA and TMPA ions than from siloxane surfaces. Water inhibited arene sorption mainly by hydrating exchangeable cations, thereby obscuring siloxane surfaces adjacent to adsorbed TMA and TMPA ions and decreasing the average pore dimensions. These results indicate that in the presence of bulk water, arene adsorption likely occurs primarily on the siloxane surface.
Smart Microgel Studies. Polyelectrolyte and Drug-Absorbing Properties of Microgels from Polyether-Modified Poly(acrylic acid)

The study dealt with microgels that consist of loosely cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) onto which poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO−PPO−PEO) copolymers such as Pluronic F127 (average composition EO99PO67EO99) or L92 (EO8PO52EO8) segments are grafted. Microgels based on the more hydrophobic Pluronic L92 exhibited highly porous structure, while the microgels containing Pluronic F127 were generally larger and possessed smooth surfaces, a homogeneous structure, and lower ion-exchange capacity. A good correlation was observed between the microgel surface potential obtained from the potentiometric titration data and the independently measured electrophoretic ζ-potential. The differences in the microgel ion-exchange capacity account for the differences in the capacity of the microgels to absorb weakly basic anticancer drugs such as mitomycin, mitoxantrone, and doxorubicin. The uptake of hydrophobic drugs such as Taxol, estradiol, progesterone, and camptothecin was dictated .
Transparent electrodes based on two-dimensional Ag nanogrids and double one-dimensional Ag nanogratings for organic photovoltaics

Abstract. The optical and electrical properties of optically thin one-dimensional (1-D) Ag nanogratings and two-dimensional (2-D) Ag nanogrids are studied, and their use as transparent electrodes in organic photovoltaics is explored. A large broadband and polarization-insensitive optical absorption enhancement in the organic light-harvesting layers is theoretically and numerically demonstrated using either single-layer 2-D Ag nanogrids or two perpendicular 1-D Ag nanogratings, and is attributed to the excitation of surface plasmon resonances and plasmonic cavity modes. Total photon absorption enhancements of 150% and 200% are achieved for the optimized single-layer 2-D Ag nanogrids and double (top and bottom) perpendicular 1-D Ag nanogratings, respectively.
An efficient three component one-pot synthesis of some new octahydroquinazolinone derivatives and investigation of their antimicrobial activities

An efficient and convenient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of some new octahydroquinazolinones 5a-p in good yields. They have been achieved by the reaction between corresponding tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline-4-carbaldehyde 2a-d, dimedone or cyclohexane-1, 3dione 3a-b and (thio) urea 4a-b in the presence of concentrated HCl in ethanol. The structures of new compounds have been evaluated on the basis of elemental analysis, FT- IR, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectral data. They have also been screened for their antimicrobial activities.
Compatibility and viscoelastic properties of brominated isobutylene‐co‐p‐methylstyrene rubber/tackifier blends

Brominated isobutylene-co-p-methylstyrene (BIMS) rubber has been blended with hydrocarbon resin tackifier and alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin tackifier, and the compatibility between the blend components has been systematically evaluated. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies show that BIMS rubber and hydrocarbon resin tackifier blends are compatible at all blend proportions studied. However, BIMS rubber and phenol formaldehyde resin blends exhibit very limited compatibility with each other and phase separation even at very low phenolic tackifier concentration. Morphological studies of the rubber–resin blends by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) corroborate well with the DMA and DSC results. From the DMA frequency sweep and temperature sweep studies, it is shown that the hydrocarbon resin tackifier acts as a diluent and causes a decrease in the storage modulus values (by reducing the entanglement and network density) in the rubbery plateau region. On the other hand, phenol formaldehyde resin behaves in the way similar to that of the reinforcing filler by increasing the storage modulus values (by increasing the entanglement and network density) in the rubbery plateau zone. The relaxation time estimated from the different zones of frequency sweep master curves provides information about the influence of the two tackifiers on the viscoelastic properties of the BIMS rubber in the respective zones. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Generation of high pressure homogeneous dielectric barrier discharge in air

We succeeded in generating an atmospheric pressure Townsend discharge (APTD) in air by using a simple DBD device that consists of alumina barriers and plane electrodes. So far, we applied the APTD to an ozonizer and found that the ozone generation efficiency was higher by the APTD mode than by the conventional DBD mode in larger specific input energy region. It is well known that an operation under an optimized high gas pressure is advantageous for efficient ozone generation from air. In this paper, we investigated whether the Townsend discharge (TD) in dry air in high pressure up to 0.17 MPa can be generated or not. From the observation results of current waveforms and discharge photographs, we found that (1) the discharge currents flow continuously and have only one peak in every half cycle in all gas pressure and (2) filamentary discharges are not recognized between barriers in all gas pressure. These features completely agree with the features of the APTD we reported. Therefore, we concluded that our TD can be generated even in dry air in the pressure range of 0.1 and 0.17 MPa.
Numerical simulation of cone-jet formation in electrohydrodynamic atomization

Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) process has received more research attention in recent years due to its potential to generate monodisperse droplets of low electric conductivity. It is reported that the EHDA process can be fine-tuned by adjusting the electrical field strength by an additional ring electrode near the nozzle tip to control both the spray mode and the droplet size. In the present study, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD)-based front tracking/finite volume method has been used to investigate numerically the effect of the secondary electric field source and the ring electrode on the EHDA process. The full Navier–Stokes equations are solved for both the liquid phase and the ambient air near the nozzle tip, and the liquid–air interface is monitored using a front tracking approach. At the interface, both the surface tension and the electrical stress due to surface charging and the applied electric field are taken into account. Because of the large dimension difference between the Taylor cone and the liquid jet, the simulations involve two drastically different length scales for describing the dynamic of the entire process. To accurately include the effect of the ring electrode, the electrical field distribution is first calculated over a domain large enough to enclose all key components of the EHDA process. Subsequently, the calculated electrical field in the large domain is integrated with the detailed CFD analysis on a small domain near the region of the nozzle tip. The formations of the Taylor cone, liquid jet, and droplets are successfully simulated and compared with experimental results with reasonable agreement. The numerical simulation method proposed in this article can be used as a platform for the investigation, analysis, and optimization of electrohydrodynamic atomization process. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011