Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise induced arterial hypoxemia in swimmers.

AIM Exercise induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) is a reduction in arterial oxygenation, which may result from a drop in arterial oxygen pressure and therefore in oxygen saturation. We examined EIAH in swimmers, while till now it was known to occur in cyclists and runners. METHODS We studied 8 male highly trained swimmers (age: 23+/-1.7; (.-)VO(2peak), 5.3+/-0.1 l/min and 8 male ex-swimmers (age: 21.5+/-0.6; (.-)VO(2peak), 3.4+/-0.3 l/min). All subjects performed 200-meter freestyle at maximum effort. Hemoglobin saturation (SaO(2)%) was measured using a finger pulse oximeter before exercise in the water in an upright position and immediately after exercise, within 5 seconds. RESULTS Highly trained swimmers developed a statistically significant decrease in SaO(2)% (from 98.3+/-0.3 to 94+/-0.9, p= or <0.01) after exercise, while ex-swimmers did not (from 98.4+/-0.3 to 96.8+/-0.3 ns). The 4% decrease in SaO(2)% observed in highly trained swimmers can be characterized as mild EIAH. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that highly trained swimmers but not ex-swimmers may develop mild EIAH after 200 meters freestyle swimming at maximum effort.
Fault-tolerant control strategy for T-type three-level inverter with neutral-point voltage balancing

In this paper, an improved fault-tolerant control strategy with neutral-point (NP) voltage balancing for T-type three-level inverter when an open-circuit fault occurs is proposed. Different from the existed fault-tolerant control strategies, this method can not only restore the output current but also balance the neutral-point voltage. The proposed strategy is illustrated by dividing fault into two conditions: the faulty condition of half-bridge switches and NP switches. When a half-bridge switch fails, the NP voltage is controlled by adjusting the amplitude of the three-phase reference voltages. In cases of the open-circuit fault in a NP switch, the balance and oscillations of the neutral-point voltage are considerably controlled by adding a proper offset value to switch turn-on times of three-phase reference voltages. The presented method does not require any additional hardware and complex calculations. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed control strategy.
Browsing and Searching using Semantic Hierarchy

Navigation and browsing on a computer system is usually done using a hierarchically organized file system. However, this is not the most adequate method to search or locate a given file at a later time. To solve this, we propose a new approach for interactive browsing and searching of files, which takes advantage of the semantics associated to files. With this information extracted from files, we specify a semantic hierarchy, which is easier to understand and to memorize by users. We performed task analysis to understand how users browse, explore and search their files, and also to identify what file properties are more used to sort, search and remember files. From task analysis, we noticed that, excluding the name of the file, the file type is clearly the main property used, followed by the modification date and file size. Based on this information we created a semantic hierarchy, which we included in a prototype for interactive file browsing and searching. Testing showed that users could find their files faster and with fewer mistakes using our prototype than using Leap or the conventional browser.
Effect of diethylsulfoxide on the thermal denaturation of DNA

DNA thermal denaturation has been investigated in aqueous solutions of diethylsulfoxide (DESO) by means of UV‐vis and densimetry methods. It is suggested that, on the one hand, the structural change of entire solutions and, on the other hand, a direct interaction of DESO with DNA are responsible for the observed peculiar behavior. The results obtained were compared with those of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), also known from literature © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 82: 1–5, 2006
Development and Implementation of Gesture Controlled Automatic Audio System

Gesture based interfaces are widely used in multimedia entertainment due to growing demand of consumer electronics. This research ensures the effective working of infotainment systems in the modern vehicles. The main objective of this research is to design a smart system which works on haptic movements. In the proposed work a smart gesture based audio system in designed which works on the finger movements. The vertical movement of finger is used to increase or decrease the volume of the audio system . The Flex Sensor is used for the sensing finger movement like up or down. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is developed using LabVIEW as software tool. General Terms Sensor gloves, man machine interface, finger movement, audio controller. Keywords Flex Sensor, haptic movement, robotic finger, wearable technology, gesture recognition, data acquisition, degree of bend, LabVIEW.
Removal of heavy metals from wastewater by a constructed wetland system at Egerton University , Kenya

The use of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment has been proposed as an intermediate technological solution for handling wastewater. The aim of the study was to assess the efficiency of a constructed wetland at Egerton University, Kenya for heavy metals removal from wastewater. The wetland has been used for tertiary treatment of effluent from waste stabilization ponds system since 2007. An investigation was conducted between August 2013 and January 2014. Water samples were collected from the wetland and analysed for selected heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen were also measured. Results indicated that the concentration of cadmium was below the detection limit. Influent levels of lead, copper and zinc were 1.25 mg/L, 1.09 mg/L and 0.15 mg/L respectively during the study period. The wetland effectively reduced Pb by 94%, Cu by 70% and Zn by 100%. Dissolved oxygen was generally low and did not show any significant difference in concentration across the wetland; while temperature, pH and electrical conductivity values in effluent were lower than in the influent. The study findings indicate that the constructed wetland was performing its function of heavy metal removal from wastewater.
Physical design challenges for billion transistor chips

Advancing process technology will necessitate and even more rigorous automation of the IC design trajectory. The design scale will increase with Moore's law, approaching 1,000,000,000 transistors in the coming years. This enables the design of SoC systems with complexities unprecedented unhuman history. At the same time the physics of silicon manufacturing is increasing the 'silicon complexity'. Additional design steps are required to address cross talk, voltage drop, antenna rules and others. Much more so than in previous technology nodes, the effects of parasitics must be addressed at various stages of the IC design flow. Nothing less than a full automation of the silicon complexity issues is required to stop the design productivity gap from growing.
The Opinionated Recommender

Recommender Systems (RSs) are devices that are used to filter data to combat information overload and provide time saving measures to the user. While RSs have traditionally been done using a content or collaborative based approach, recent times have seen a surge in alternative approaches to try and alleviate some of the traditional problems found there such as the filter bubble, matrix scarcity and cold start issues. Many of these new approaches attempt to lever new sources to provide more accurate recommendations and offset some of these issues. In this paper we will outline some of the current flaws and propose a hypothetical system that will exploit external sources to improve upon the state of the art.
Identification of the TFII-I family target genes in the vertebrate genome

GTF2I and GTF2IRD1 encode members of the TFII-I transcription factor family and are prime candidates in the Williams syndrome, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder. Our previous expression microarray studies implicated TFII-I proteins in the regulation of a number of genes critical in various aspects of cell physiology. Here, we combined bioinformatics and microarray results to identify TFII-I downstream targets in the vertebrate genome. These results were validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation and siRNA analysis. The collected evidence revealed the complexity of TFII-I-mediated processes that involve distinct regulatory networks. Altogether, these results lead to a better understanding of specific molecular events, some of which may be responsible for the Williams syndrome phenotype.
Characterization of Atrial Fibrillation in Man: Studies Following Open Heart Surgery *

The nature of localized atrial activation during atrial fibrillation was characterized in 34 patients following open heart surgery. Bipolar atrial electrograms (AEG) recorded in each patient with atrial fibrillation exhibited a myriad of sizes, shapes, polarities, amplitudes, and beat‐to‐beat intervals. On the basis of the AEG morphology and the nature of its baseline, we have classified the recordings into four Types. Type I was characterized by discrete AEG complexes separated by an isoelectric baseline free of perturbation, Type II by discrete AEG complexes but with perturbations of the baseline between complexes, Type III by AEGs which failed to demonstrate either discrete complexes or isoelectric intervals, and Type IV in which AEGs of Type III alternated with periods characteristic of Type I and/or Type II. In 22 patients, the AEGs were recorded a second time, and in 11 of these patients the type of atrial fibrillation changed between the first and second recording period. An atrial flutter‐fibrillation pattern in the ECG was associated with a relatively ordered atrial activation pattern and a relatively slow atrial rate. Human atrial fibrillation is not an electrophysiologically homogeneous process when compared among different patients or ad seriatim in the same patient.
Association of Frabin with the Actin Cytoskeleton Is Essential for Microspike Formation through Activation of Cdc42 Small G Protein*

We have recently isolated a novel actin filament-binding protein, named frabin. Frabin has one actin filament-binding domain (ABD), one Dbl homology domain (DHD), first pleckstrin homology domains (PHD) adjacent to DHD, one cysteine rich-domain (CRD), and second PHD from the N terminus to the C terminus in this order. Full-length frabin induces microspike formation and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. We found here that the fragment of frabin containing DHD and first PHD stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange of Cdc42Hs small G protein, but not that of RhoA or Rac1 small G protein. However, this fragment of frabin did not induce microspike formation, and ABD was additionally necessary for microspike formation. Frabin having ABD was associated with the actin cytoskeleton, whereas frabin lacking ABD was diffusely distributed in the cytoplasm. In contrast, ABD was not necessary for JNK activation but CRD and second PHD were additionally necessary for this activation. These results indicate that the association of frabin with the actin cytoskeleton is essential for microspike formation but not for JNK activation and that different domains of frabin are involved in microspike formation and JNK activation through Cdc42 activation.
Evidence of genetic susceptibility to infectious mononucleosis: a twin study

SUMMARY Infectious mononucleosis is a clinical manifestation of primary Epstein–Barr virus infection. It is unknown whether genetic factors contribute to risk. To assess heritability, we compared disease concordance in monozygotic to dizygotic twin pairs from the population-based California Twin Program and assessed the risk to initially unaffected co-twins. One member of 611 and both members of 58 twin pairs reported a history of infectious mononucleosis. Pairwise concordance in monozygotic and dizygotic pairs was respectively 12·1% [standard error (s.e.)=1·9%] and 6·1% (s.e.=1·2%). The relative risk (hazard ratio) of monozygotic compared to dizygotic unaffected co-twins of cases was 1·9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·1–3·4, P=0·03], over the follow-up period. When the analysis was restricted to same-sex twin pairs, that estimate was 2·5 (95% CI 1·2–5·3, P=0·02). The results are compatible with a heritable contribution to the risk of infectious mononucleosis.
Nasal Mucosa Expression of Lactoferrin in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Objective/Hypothesis: Antimicrobial peptides, such as lactoferrin, are an important component of the innate immune system. They offer the body a first line defense against a wide range of invading pathogens. The diverse antipathogenic action of lactoferrin has been well characterized; however, the role that this peptide plays in chronic conditions such as rhinosinusitis remains largely unknown. This study aims to examine the level of lactoferrin expression in the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
The participation of the Na+–Ca2+ exchanger in primary cardiac myofibroblast migration, contraction, and proliferation

Cardiac ventricular myofibroblast motility, proliferation, and contraction contribute to post‐myocardial infarct wound healing, infarct scar formation, and remodeling of the ventricle remote to the site of infarction. The Na+–Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) is involved in altered calcium handling in cardiac myocytes during cardiac remodeling associated with heart failure, however, its role in cardiac myofibroblast cell function is unexplored. In this study we investigated the involvement of NCX1 as well as the role of non‐selective‐cation channels (NSCC) in cardiac myofibroblast cell function in vitro. Immunofluorescence and Western blots revealed that P1 cells upregulate α‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and embryonic smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMemb) expression. NCX1 mRNA and proteins as well as Cav1.2a protein are also expressed in P1 myofibroblasts. Myofibroblast motility in the presence of 50 ng/ml PDGF‐BB was blocked with AG1296. Myofibroblast motility, contraction, and proliferation were sensitive to KB‐R7943, a specific NCX1 reverse‐mode inhibitor. In contrast, only proliferation and contraction, but not motility were sensitive to nifedipine, while gadolinium (NSCC blocker) was only associated with decreased motility. ML‐7 treatment was associated with inhibition of the chemotactic response and contraction. Thus cardiac myofibroblast chemotaxis, contraction, and proliferation were sensitive to different pharmacologic treatments suggesting that regulation of transplasmalemmal calcium movements may be important in growth factor receptor‐mediated processes. NCX1 may represent an important moiety in suppression of myofibroblast functions. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 540–551, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assurance of conceptual data model quality based on early measures

The increasing demand for quality information systems (IS), has become quality the most pressing challenge facing IS development organisations. In the IS development field it is generally accepted that the quality of an IS is highly dependent on decisions made early in its development. Given the relevant role that data itself plays in an IS, conceptual data models are a key artifact of the IS design: Therefore, in order to build "better quality " IS it is necessary to assess and to improve the quality of conceptual data models based on quantitative criteria. It is in this context where software measurement can help IS designers to make better decision during design activities. We focus this work on the empirical validation of the metrics proposed by Genero et al. for measuring the structural complexity of entity relationship diagrams (ERDs). Through a controlled experiment we will demonstrate that these metrics seem to be heavily correlated with three of the sub-factors that characterise the maintainability of an ERD, such as understandability, analysability and modifiability.
Anti-diabetes and anti-obesity effect of cryptotanshinone via activation of AMP- activated protein kinase

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 130-701, Korea (E.J.K., S.-N.J., W.C., S.-S.K., J.H.); Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Korea (K.H.S); Food Function Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam 463-746, Korea (S.R.K., T.Y.H.); New Drug Research Division, MD Bioalpha Co., Ltd., Sungnam 462-120, Korea (M.G.P., I.G.J., J.G.P.) Molecular Pharmacology Fast Forward. Published on April 11, 2007 as doi:10.1124/mol.107. 034447
Differential Expression of Genes Involved in Early Events of Spermatogenesis in Mice

Spermatogenesis is a highly complex process involved in the transmission of genetic information from one generation to next generation. The process takes place in the seminiferous tubules of the testis and is regulated by genes that control cell division, cell-cell interaction and morphogenetic changes in both the somatic and germ cell lineages in a highly orchestrated pattern. The first wave of spermatogenesis in mouse is typically characterized by the differential expression of genes involved in spermatogenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differential expression of genes involved in Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSCs) self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation using microarray approach in the testes of 35 vs. 5 Days Post Partum (dpp) mice. Our results demonstrate that genes involved in SSC self-renewal and proliferation were significantly down-regulated while genes involved in SSC differentiation were significantly up-regulated in the testes of 35 vs. 5 dpp mice. There was up-regulation in the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation. Pro-apoptotic genes were found to be upregulated on the contrary anti-apoptotic genes were down-regulated in the testes of 35 vs. 5 dpp mice. Thus, our study helps in understanding the differential expression profile of genes involved in early stages of spermatogenesis in mice.
Application of scatter-cluster InSAR in China country

A new method in InSAR process for measuring large-area subsidence in special geographic condition of China country is discussed in this paper. In China country, villages and towns distribute among vast croplands. Villages and towns keep coherent over time, while the crop reflectivity changes a lot with season and weather. On SAR images, though magnitude of country buildings is not as large as that in city, the whole villages and towns are stable enough over years, treated as a cluster of permanent scatters in this investigation. The scatter-cluster method focuses on those stable villages and towns where the coherence is larger than a given threshold and the rest regions are masked. Interferogram and coherence image of unmasked region are kept, while those of masked region are replaced with interpolated values. After enhancing and unwrapping as traditional InSAR does, the unreliable interpolated values defined by the mask are moved from the change image. As a precondition, subsidence in Cangzhou is almost continuous in space and density of villages and towns is big enough to carry out interpolation. The test area, Cangzhou, known as a significant subsidence center in north China, is bearing a subsidence with the velocity of more than 100mm/year and the extension of more than 10000 2 km . Coherence of SAR pairs is bad due to the vegetation growth and large deformation. This method is significant for China country and other regions bearing similar geographic conditions. 1 .
Mistaken identity: Legionella micdadei appearing as acid‐fast bacilli on lung biopsy of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient

Legionella micdadei is a potential cause of invasive lung infections in immunocompromised hosts. On biopsy specimens, it can appear as an acid‐fast bacillus (AFB) and can be mistaken for a member of genus Mycobacterium. As Legionella requires selective media to grow in culture, and the commonly used, commercially available urine antigen test for Legionella only detects Legionella pneumophila serogroup‐1, but not L. micdadei, it is important to consider this organism in the differential diagnosis for AFB in immunocompromised hosts. We report a case of L. micdadei infection, which was initially treated empirically for non‐tuberculous mycobacteria based on AFB staining of biopsy tissue before the final diagnosis was made.
Using Information Systems in Innovation Networks: Uncovering Network Resources

: In order to innovate, firms progressively combine complementary abilities through forming networks. Such innovation networks represent temporary assemblages of partners that, in collaboration, pursue new product developments. Existing theories suggest that successful participation in such networks depends on firms’ having certain firm-level dynamic capabilities (i.e., skill in sensing the network and its environment, learning about the network, and coordinating and integrating individual resources across the network). In this paper, we argue that firms also have to develop particular networking capabilities (i.e., they have to understand who they are partnering with, what each partner can contribute, and how exactly each partner can cooperate with others across the network). We show that inter-organizational information systems (IS) are vital for facilitating the development of these networking capabilities. IS are also vital in developing unique constellations of resources (i.e., physical, human, and organizational resources) that we term IS-embedded network resources. These resources are manifested in the IS and are unique to the innovation network because they go beyond resources at the firm level. Using three innovation networks as case studies, we provide empiric evidence on how IS support networking capabilities to arrive at unique resource constellations embedded in IS and how the set of IS-embedded network resources is a determining factor for competitive advantage in innovation networks.
Visualizing Anomalies and Traffic Rules in a Maritime Setting Using Potential Fields

Automatic Identification System (AIS) transponders are used to identify and locate traffic. By recording AIS data, in a marine setting, it is possible to observe precise ship movements. An AIS-based maritime data modeling method is developed using a potential fields based method for extracting traffic patterns and detecting anomalies. The three aspects of potential field theory: charge accumulation, potential dissipation and field decay, enable the modeling of vessel traffic. STRAND, the tool visualizing the potential fields, shows actual past and present traffic behaviors and may generate traffic rules spontaneously. This study demonstrates and compares the modeling and detection results from three different areas, depicting a group of traffic rules identified in course of the result analysis. Based on the visual display of past traffic patterns, future routes may be optimized, using potential fields as a way of planning the actual route to destination. When deployed, such a solution could benefit a wide audience, from ship navigators, through traffic management, to transportation regulatory institutions.