Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Summary of ISO/TC 201 Technical Report 23173—Surface chemical analysis—Electron spectroscopies—Measurement of the thickness and composition of nanoparticle coatings

ISO Technical Report 23173 describes methods by which electron spectroscopies, including X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and synchrotron techniques, can be employed to calculate the coating thicknesses and compositions of nanoparticles. The document has been developed to review and outline the current state‐of‐the‐art for such measurements. Such analyses of core–shell nanoparticles are common within the literature, however the methods employed are varied; the relative advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and the optimal usage of each may not be clear to the general analyst. ISO Technical Report 23173 aims to clarify the methods that are available, describe them in clear terms, exhibit examples of their use, and highlight potential issues users may face. The information provided should allow analysts of electron spectroscopy data to make clear choices regarding the appropriate analysis of electron spectroscopy data from coated nanoparticle systems and provide a basis for understanding and comparing results from different methods and systems.
Optimal Trajectory Planning Analysis of Robot Manipulator Using PSO

For large- and small-scale industry, the major issue considered as to obtain the orientation and desire position of robot manipulators. The analysis of robotic manipulation requires two kinds of kinematic analysis namely inverse and forward kinematic analysis. This article aims to frame the inverse kinematic model of 5 DOF and 6 DOF robot manipulator. Planning of a movement flow has been designed followed by the evaluation of all the Denavit –Hartenberg (DH) parameter for the estimation of the desired orientation and position of the end effector. For the inverse Kinematics solution, conventional technique like DH notation, iteration and transformation were being utilized. The trajectory inverse kinematics minimization has been the main objective in this study and it has been achieved by Particle Swarm Optimization PSO. A quintic 5th order polynomial with joint space trajectory has been implemented in this study to find the paths for velocity and acceleration evaluation. Cartesian Trajectory is applied to the shortest path and get the transformation matrix for each intermediate point. Finally, the obstacle avoidance has been exhibited by PSO. The distance velocity, acceleration and angular displacement have been evaluated to analyse the shortest path and obstacle path avoidance.
European Expert Buyers’ Perceptions of New Zealand Agri-food Products and Businesses: An Explanation of the Theory of Buyer-Seller Relationships and Country of Origin Theory

With agrifood export earnings so pivotal to New Zealand (NZ)’s economy, understanding how expert buyers perceive the country’s agrifood products and businesses is imperative. This holds particularly true for the European Union (EU), being one of NZ’s main trading partners. This research draws on the key theories centering on buyer-seller relationships and Country of Origin (CoO) theory, investigating specifically the perceptions of NZ agrifood products and businesses held by European expert buyers who have different levels of knowledge and experience. A quantitative survey was conducted which investigated these perceptions held by the European expert buyers accessed in-person at a trade show in 2015 in Germany. Bipolar adjective scales were used to test product and business attributes. One-way ANOVA’s were adopted to test for perceptual differences between European buyers with high/medium/low experience with New Zealand’s agrifood products and/or businesses. Overall, New Zealand agrifood products and businesses were viewed positively from the perspective of European expert buyers, with the degree of positivity increasing as the level of experience increased. This study also highlighted the need for future research on how CoO affects buyer-seller relationships, especially via the concept of the “halo effect”.
Consumers’ responses to food fraud risks: an economic experiment

This artefactual field experiment explores consumers’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) price premiums for fish products to avoid the risk and uncertainty of purchasing inauthentic produce. The influence of subjective probabilistic beliefs, risk and ambiguity preferences is investigated. Participants’ WTP is elicited using experimental auctions, while behavioural factors are elicited using incentivised and incentive-compatible methods: the quadratic scoring rule and multiple price lists. Results show that consumers are willing to pay a premium to avoid food fraud and purchase an authentic fish product. This premium is higher under uncertainty than risk, likely driven by ambiguity preferences which affect consumers’ purchasing under uncertainty.
Promotor Anchored - RAPD Analysis of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) Accessions Selected For High Iron and Zinc Content

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is nutri-cereal crop having it is rich in β-carotene, vitamin B-complex and micronutrients like minerals. In the present research, we have studied biochemical properties and molecular profiling to identify the core set of foxtail millet (Setaria italic L.) accessions for high Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) content. Total seventy-nine accessions and selected mutants variety PS4 of foxtail millet were used. The biochemical investigation revealed that accessions M2-106, IC120407, M3-61/HB-13, and IC120255 consist of high iron and zinc content. The genetic variability among the genotypes was revealed by 28 Promoter Anchored Amplified Polymorphic (PAAP-RAPD) primers of which OPE9+GC1, OPE9+CA1, UBC001+CA1, UBC001+TA1, UBC693+G1 showed 100% polymorphism, whereas UBC693+GC1 and OPE7+G1 showed 88% and 80% polymorphism, respectively, with an average of 45.95 % polymorphism. Total alleles per locus were 3.31, whereas, the average number of monomorphic and polymorphic alleles were 1.72 and 1.56, respectively. The extent of polymorphic information content (PIC) of PAAP-RAPD loci ranged from 0.5 to 0.87 with an average value of 0.41. For PAAP-RAPD, the maximum PIC value was observed in marker UBC693+GC1 (0.87 %) and the minimum were OPE5+CA1 and OPE9+CA1 (0.5 %). Molecular characterizations result showing highest similarity (0.932) between accessions Shrilakshmi and Prasad, whereas, the lowest similarity coefficient was observed between IC120255 and M3-75/AM-1 (0.697) with PS4.UPGMA dendrogram grouped the foxtail millet accessions in five clusters which marked high diversity in M3-61/HB-13 and M3-75/AM-1. It implies that PAAP-RAPD markers are significantly screened in the foxtail millet accessions and have enumerated high genetic diversity.
Method of Multilevel Adaptive Synthesis of Monitoring Object Knowledge Graphs

The paper introduces a method for adaptive deductive synthesis of state models, of complex objects, with multilevel variable structures. The method makes it possible to predict the state of objects using the data coming from them. The data from the objects are collected with sensors installed on them. Multilevel knowledge graphs (KG) are used to describe the observed objects. The new adaptive synthesis method develops previously proposed inductive and deductive synthesis methods, allowing the context to be taken into account when predicting the states of the monitored objects based on the data obtained from them. The article proposes the algorithm for the suggested method and presents its computational complexity analysis. The software system, based on the proposed method, and the algorithm for multilevel adaptive synthesis of the object models developed, are described in the article. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown in the results from modeling the states of telecommunication networks of cable television operators.
Compact 2 × 2 Circularly Polarized Aperture-Coupled Antenna Array for Ka-Band Satcom-on-the-Move Applications

This paper presents a novel design of a wideband circular polarization 2 × 2 microstrip antenna array working at Ka-band frequencies, from 27.5 to 31 GHz. This module is highly integrable with new silicon beamformer chips, creating a unit cell that can be part of a large electronically steerable antenna for compact, ultra-low-profile, Satcom-on-the-move (SOTM) platforms. A multi-layer structure fabricated in standard printed circuit board (PCB) technology with high-yield substrates has been used. The radiating elements consist of double-stacked circular patches housed in a cavity and fed by H-shaped aperture coupling. It achieves a bandwidth of 16.5 % with a wide beam-width of 95° in the desired band, which is necessary for wide scanning angles in a large phased array. In the 2 × 2 unit cell, the antenna elements are distributed by means of a sequential rotation technique where the separation between two of them is 5.3 mm in the XY-plane. Broadside beam-widths ranging from 53.4° at 27.5 GHz to 42.1° at 31 GHz are achieved, with boresight directivities from 10.7 to 12.9 dBi, respectively, in both the RHCP and LHCP polarization. Moreover, mutual coupling levels below −20 dB and an axial ratio less than 3 dB in the whole band guarantee a good circular polarization purity.
Microsponge: A Novel Tool for Topical Drug Delivery of Anti Rheumatoid Drugs

Microsponge is developing field of technology which can achieve goal of site specific as well as controlled drug delivery. Physicochemical properties of microsponge like Particle size, particle size distribution, porosity, surface morphology plays a major role in selection of type of dosage form and route of administration for delivery of drug. Microsponge is also emerged as novel tool for delivering of drug by topical route. Topical route is having added advantage of formulation flexibility, greater patient compliance, improved safety and efficacy of formulation and aesthetic properties. Rheumatoid Arthritis is immunomodulatory disease which requires long term treatment for management of disease. Available oral formulation may cause liver toxicity upon long term use. Topical route can be suitable alternate route for delivery of drug with enhanced stability of drug, reduced side effects, and reduced frequency of administration. Due to porous and spongy structure of Microsponge, it has the capacity to entrap large amount of dose and can modify drug release too.
Assessments on Vocational Knowledge and Skills: A Content Validity Analysis

While previous studies on assessments focused on measurement of principles and constructs, existing attention is given to content validation involving vocational education and skills. The emphasis on content validation has prompted a holistic perspective of teaching and learning to demand alternative research approaches. Using evidence of content validity based on expert judgment and assessment items, this paper argues that vocational knowledge and skills could be determined via constructs and construct functions. Content validity analysis was studied in two major phases, namely, through an assessment of an electrical technology course at a Malaysian higher education institution and expert panels’ examination of items. It was found that to increase confidence in providing reliable instruments for future empirical studies, a careful process in item development and content validity analysis was considered important. Therefore, applying these findings on item analysis and expert panels to reflect content validity can enhance the validity of assessment items.
Dynamic Mineralization: Low‐Temperature, Rapid, and Multidirectional Process to Encapsulate Polyether‐Ether‐Ketone with Carbonate‐Rich Hydroxyapatite for Osseointegration

Polyether‐ether‐ketone (PEEK) is one of the key materials used to fabricate intervertebral spacers due to its mechanical similarity to bone and non‐interference with imaging. However, its surface chemistry limits osseointegration, while its chemical unreactivity and low glass transition/melting temperature poses technical challenges to the application of coatings conducive to bone growth. The present work applies nature‐inspired interfacial and surface chemistry processes to encapsulate PEEK with nanocrystalline carbonate‐rich hydroxyapatite (C‐Ap), a bioactive mineral valued for its chemical/structural similarity to bone mineral and its bioresorbability. This technique is distinguished from previous work by the combined features of low‐temperature, multidirectional/rapid application, and additive‐free processing. The resultant nanocrystalline C‐Ap coating encapsulates PEEK, indicating suitability with standard and state‐of‐the‐art spacers, made by additive/subtractive techniques. A precursor CaCO3 layer is deposited on PEEK by nacre‐inspired convective self‐assembly, followed by a travertine‐inspired rapid (10 min) cold‐sintering treatment. The CaCO3 layer is converted to C‐Ap in phosphate buffered saline through dissolution‐recrystallization processes inspired by the hydrated layer of bone. The coatings exhibit contact pressures that are an order of magnitude higher than coatings deposited by the biomimetic method. There is potential for application to other orthopaedic materials and incorporation of biologics throughout the coating structure for sustained release.
Educators’ Adversity Quotient: Rising Above Challenges in the Time of Pandemic

Being one of the greatly affected sectors in this global crisis, educators hold multiple challenges on top of their responsibilities. Their ability to surmount these adversities and unprecedented challenges – defined as Adversity Quotient, play a vital role especially in this time of pandemic. This study aimed to determine the adversity quotient (AQ) of the educators through descriptive methodology. The control, ownership, reach and endurance (CORE) are the dimensions that measured the level of AQ. Data were collected using the Adversity Response Profile (ARP) questionnaire that measures an individual’s ability to respond when confronted with challenges or adversities, and interview guide questions that determine the perceived challenges. The results revealed that in general, educators have moderate AQ. Moreover, there are two perceived challenges that the educators encountered: distance learning and dealing with the stakeholders. Thus, these challenges made the educators more vulnerable in the time of pandemic. Although educators learn how to bear up against difficulties, it is still imperative to know and address one’s adversity quotient. A webinar on Understanding One’s AQ: Accepting Challenges and Rising above it, is relevant and deemed helpful in addressing the needs of the educators.
A local perspective on renewable energy development in the Russian Arctic

Many Arctic communities are exposed to energy security risks. Remote settlements rely largely on diesel for energy production, which results in higher consumer prices, negative impacts on the environment and public health. In the past few years, pilot projects for switching remote villages from diesel-generated to wind- and solar-diesel hybrid power plants were realized across the Arctic. Renewable energy projects have a major potential to alleviate energy security risks, promote public health and better environment. Yet, renewable energy does not take hold easily in the Arctic region. Especially in Russia, significant subsidies for fossil fuel present a major disincentive, as well as perpetuate vested interests of national oil companies. Despite the Russian Arctic being a ‘hard case’ for renewables development, there has been both interest in and progress towards the uptake of renewable energy across the Russian Arctic regions. This article contributes to the ‘local turn’ in sustainable energy policy studies by exploring two intertwined questions: which factors contribute to renewable energy development in the Russian Arctic and how do these factors characterise differences between individual Arctic communities? Using a combination of exploratory factor analysis and correspondence analysis in application to the local level (municipal) data, we update the existing models of the factors contributing to renewable energy uptake and put forward four distinct community-level models that describe renewables uptake. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of the local perspective on sustainable energy as a key to explaining differences in observed policy outcomes.
Age-Related Changes in Hemispherical Specialization for Attentional Networks

Many cognitive functions face a decline in the healthy elderly. Within the cognitive domains, both attentional processes and executive functions are impaired with aging. Attention includes three attentional networks, i.e., alerting, orienting, and executive control, showing a hemispheric lateralized pattern in adults. This lateralized pattern could play a role in modulating the efficiency of attentional networks. For these reasons, it could be relevant to analyze the age-related change of the hemispheric specialization of attentional networks. This study aims to clarify this aspect with a lateralized version of the Attentional Network Test for Interaction (ANTI)-Fruit. One hundred seventy-one participants took part in this study. They were divided in three age groups: youth (N = 57; range: 20–30); adults (N = 57; range 31–64), and elderly/older people (N = 57; range: 65–87). The results confirmed the previous outcomes on the efficiency and interactions among attentional networks. Moreover, an age-related generalized slowness was evidenced. These findings also support the hypothesis of a hemispheric asymmetry reduction in elderly/older adults.
Narrating Intercultural Capital: Constructing Political Correctness, Negotiating Identity Capital, and Expanding Terrains of Possibility for Student Engagement

ABSTRACT How does identity capital influence student engagement in the classroom? This article examines the narratives of sixty-three first year undergraduate students enrolled in a cross-cultural communication course to provide a portrait of the ways students envision identity capital influences their ability and willingness to engage in meaningful dialogues. Through semi-structured interviews, students demonstrate the importance of real and perceived intercultural capital as a condition for engaging in intercultural dialogues. Through a lens grounded in political correctness and identity capital, student voices illuminate ways faculty can expand the terrains of possibilities for authentic intercultural communication, increase opportunities for the development of realistic cultural empathy, and enable the negotiation of intercultural capital that transcends cultural boundaries and allows for the continued exchange and accumulation of identity capital.
Repellent Effect of the Pandanus (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) Against Rice Weevil Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Pandanus (Pandanus amaryllifolius 20 Roxb.) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves powder on the repellency, mortality, and weight loss 21 of grains due to Sitophilus oryzae. The methodes of this study used a completely randomized design 22 (CRD) with 7 treatments and 4 replications. The results of this study indicate that the best treat- 23 ment in terms of causing repellency was the treatment of 10 grams of pandanus with a percentage 24 of 87.5%, while the best treatment in terms of causing pest mortality and was also able to reduce 25 the risk of rice weight loss due to Sitophilus oryzae was treatment 10 gram of neem with a mortality 26 percentage of 76.25% and weight loss of rice 3.14%. This research showed that neem leaf com- 27 pounds are better in terms of causing mortality, while Pandanus compounds are better in terms of 28 causing mortality of Sitophilus oryzae.
CocoNet: a hybrid machine learning framework for coconut farm identification and its cyclonic damage assessment on bitemporal SAR images

Abstract. The coconut tree is an important cash crop in coastal tropical regions. These trees undergo substantial damage during annual cyclones. Early and effective assessment of damage is important to farmers for appropriate monetary compensation. However, the identification of coconut trees presents multiple challenges: (i) the trees are with other vegetation and (ii) cloud cover during monsoons and cyclones precludes using simple imaging techniques. Although automated approaches based on classical machine learning techniques have been attempted for other crops on remote sensed images, these are not adequate for identifying coconut trees from different land cover. We present a hybrid approach termed CocoNet that combines (i) unsupervised K-means for pixel-based coarse classification of land cover and (ii) a patch-based convolutional neural network for fine classification of vegetation to identify coconut farms. The challenge presented by cloud cover is addressed using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Change detection is then performed on bitemporal Sentinel-1 SAR images taken before and after a cyclone to obtain the change map depicting the damage caused. Experimental results show that the proposed two-phase CocoNet model gives a classification accuracy of 92.5% and a change detection accuracy of 89.1%.
OFDI Entry Modes and Firms’ Innovation: Evidence from Chinese A-Share Listed Firms

Innovation is crucial for firms’ sustainable development. However, the original motivation of innovation in China is insufficient and the key technology is controlled by other countries. Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) is an important strategic choice in emerging economies to seek overseas advantageous technical knowledge and to participate in global competition. With the further development of China’s “go global” strategy, OFDI flows have risen considerably. Whether OFDI can promote firms’ innovation levels and whether OFDI entry modes (greenfield investment and cross-border M&A) have the same impact are still major issues to be solved. Therefore, we constructed a mathematical model and adopted the propensity score matching double difference method to analyze the impact and mechanism of OFDI on firms’ innovation. The results show that OFDI has a significant effect on innovation quantity, quality, and efficiency, and it has not led to innovative strategic behavior. Further research shows that cross-border M&A has a stronger effect on innovation quality than greenfield investment, and both have a sustainable innovation effect. Over time, the gap between the impact of greenfield investment and cross-border M&A on innovation quality has gradually narrowed. From the perspective of mechanism, the two entry modes of OFDI are beneficial to firms’ access to government resources and to promote innovation quality, while government resources have a stronger mediating effect on cross-border M&A firms. This paper deepens the research on the influence mechanism of OFDI entry modes on firms’ innovation levels, while also providing theoretical and practical support for the selection of OFDI modes and innovation strategies for firms.