Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING PLANT EXTRACTS – A REVIEW

Recently, green synthesis of Ag NPs had gained so much attention in developed countries due to development insist of environmental friendly technology for metal synthesis. Green chemistry methods are more effective because ecofriendly, nontoxic and cheap. Biosynthesis methods are more important because of their other conventional method such as physical, chemical methods and to avoid the hazardous byproducts. This review focused on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using various plant extract such fruits, leaf, flower stem and its antimicrobial activity.
Electron impact transfer rates between metastable and resonant states of argon investigated by laser pump–probe technique

The laser pump–probe technique is used to study the electron impact transfer between the 1s5 and 1s4 states of argon (in Paschen’s notation) belonging to the 2P3/2 ion core for electron temperatures in the range of 1–2 eV. A rate coefficient of 1.9±0.3⋅10−13 ? > m3s−1 is determined for the transfer from 1s5 to 1s4 state. Different pumping schemes between the 1s and 2p states but also 3p states are used to verify the obtained value but also to probe the transfers with ion-core change toward the 2P1/2 ion-core. Our results show the presence of an important transfer channel between 1s2 and 1s4 states, and a rate coefficient of 2.1±0.3⋅10−13 ? > m3 s−1 is estimated for this transfer. The present results confirm that recent quantum mechanical calculations by Zatsarinny et al [] underestimate significantly the cross sections for electron impact transfers between 1s states of argon.
Canine lymphoma: Different faces with different treatment recommendations

CANINE LYMPHOMA The malignant transformation of any lymphocyte population, termed lymphoma, is the most common hematologic malignancy observed in dogs. Like many diseases, lymphoma is not a singular cancer; rather, divergent categories of lymphoma behave differently and require specific therapies. Canine lymphoma bears a similarity to the non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) in humans and both exhibit similar responses to treatment with chemotherapy. Treatment of lymphoma in dogs can be extremely rewarding. Standard chemotherapeutic protocols can provide many dogs with prolonged survival times and high quality of life scores. Additionally, newer therapies have been developed and validated in pet dogs, and provide pet owners with different and effective ways to control disease for prolonged periods of time. Given the prevalence of this malignancy and the potentially rewarding outcomes associated with systemic chemotherapeutic treatment and other therapies, the focus of this presentation is to highlight the important clinical facts known about canine lymphoma.
Convergence analysis of a relaxed inertial alternating minimization algorithm with applications

The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is a popular method for solving convex separable minimization problems with linear equality constraints. The generalization of the two-block ADMM to the three-block ADMM is not trivial since the three-block ADMM is not convergence in general. Many variants of three-block ADMM have been developed with guarantee convergence. Besides the ADMM, the alternating minimization algorithm (AMA) is also an important algorithm for solving the convex separable minimization problem with linear equality constraints. The AMA is ﬁrst proposed by Tseng, and it is equivalent to the forward-backward splitting algorithm applied to the corresponding dual problem. In this paper, we design a variant of three-block AMA, which is derived by employing an inertial extension of the three-operator splitting algorithm to the dual problem. Compared with three-block ADMM, the ﬁrst subproblem of the proposed algorithm only minimizing the Lagrangian function. As a by-product, we obtain a relaxed algorithm of Davis and Yin. Under mild conditions on the parameters, we establish the convergence of the proposed algorithm in inﬁnite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments on the stable principal component pursuit (SPCP) to verify the eﬃciency and eﬀectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
High performance electrospun bipolar membrane with a 3D junction

A new type of bipolar membrane (BPM) with a high interfacial area 3D water splitting junction has been fabricated and tested. BPMs were made by single and dual fiber electrospinning, followed by dimethylformamide vapor exposure and hot-pressing, with sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) as the cation-exchange polymer and quaternized poly(phenylene oxide) as the anion-exchange material. Al(OH)3 nanoparticles were added to the junction to facilitate water splitting. The resultant trilayer membrane had an inner bipolar junction (interpenetrating anion-exchange and cation-exchange polymer nanofibers) ∼10 μm in thickness with dense/neat ionomer outer layers. The extended bipolar reaction zone enabled water splitting at ultra-high current densities (up to 1.1 A cm−2) with no evidence of membrane dehydration or blistering, which is common for a planar junction BPM. The novel electrospun membrane morphology offers significant benefits for electrodialysis separations, electrochemical hydrogen generation, and self-humidifying fuel cells, where high operating current densities and membrane stability are required.
An atomic approach to the design and implementation of a research data warehouse

Objective As a long-standing Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program hub, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) developed and implemented a modern research data warehouse (RDW) to efficiently provision electronic patient data for clinical and translational research. Methods Because UPMC is one of the largest health care systems in the US with multiple vendors' electronic health record (EHR) systems, we designed and implemented an RDW named Neptune to serve the specific needs of our CTSA. Neptune uses an atomic design where data is stored at a high level of granularity as represented in source systems. Neptune contains robust patient identity management tailored for research; integrates patient data from multiple sources, including EHRs, health plans, and research studies; and includes knowledge for mapping to standard terminologies. Neptune enables efficient provisioning of data to large analytics-oriented data models and to individual investigators. Results Neptune contains data for more than 5 million patients longitudinally organized as HIPAA Limited Data with dates and includes structured EHR data, clinical documents, health insurance claims, and research data. Neptune is used as a source for patient data for hundreds of IRB-approved research projects by local investigators and for national projects such as the Accrual to Clinical Trials (ACT) network, the All of Us Research Program, and the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network. Discussion The design of Neptune was heavily influenced by the large size of UPMC, the varied data sources, and the rich partnership between the University and the healthcare system. It features several desiderata of an RDW, including robust protected health information management, an extensible information storage model, and binding to standard terminologies at the time of data delivery. It also includes several unique aspects, including the physical warehouse straddling the University of Pittsburgh and UPMC networks and management under a HIPAA Business Associates Agreement.
No difference in cognitive task-related oscillations between human internal globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus

Recently it has been acknowledged that the basal ganglia nuclei play a major role in cognitive control; however, the contribution by their network remains unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated the role of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in cognitive processing and suggested that its connections to cortical and other associated regions regulate response inhibition during conflict conditions. By contrast, the role of the internal globus pallidus (GPi) as the output nucleus before the thalamic relay has not yet been investigated during cognitive processing. We recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from externalized deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes implanted bilaterally in the GPi (n=9 participants with dystonia) and STN (n=8 participants with Parkinson's disease (PD)) during a primed flanker task. Both dystonia (GPi group) and PD participants (STN group) responded faster to the congruent trials than the incongruent trials. Overall, the dystonic GPi group was significantly faster than the PD STN group. LFPs showed elevated cue-triggered theta (3-7 Hz) power in GPi and STN groups in a similar way. Response-triggered LFP beta power (13-25 Hz) was significantly increased in the GPi group compared to the STN group. Results demonstrate that GPi activity appears to be critical in the cognitive processing of action selection and response during the presence of conflict tasks similar to the STN group. As both GPi and STN nuclei are involved in cognitive processing; therefore, these nuclei may be targeted for neuromodulation to improve cognitive control via DBS.
Deep Learning on Traffic Prediction: Methods, Analysis, and Future Directions

Traffic prediction plays an essential role in intelligent transportation system. Accurate traffic prediction can assist route planing, guide vehicle dispatching, and mitigate traffic congestion. This problem is challenging due to the complicated and dynamic spatio-temporal dependencies between different regions in the road network. Recently, a significant amount of research efforts have been devoted to this area, especially deep learning method, greatly advancing traffic prediction abilities. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive survey on deep learning-based approaches in traffic prediction from multiple perspectives. Specifically, we first summarize the existing traffic prediction methods, and give a taxonomy. Second, we list the state-of-the-art approaches in different traffic prediction applications. Third, we comprehensively collect and organize widely used public datasets in the existing literature to facilitate other researchers. Furthermore, we give an evaluation and analysis by conducting extensive experiments to compare the performance of different methods on a real-world public dataset. Finally, we discuss open challenges in this field.
Flower Power: Exploiting Plants' Epidermal Structures for Enhanced Light Harvesting in Thin‐Film Solar Cells

sustain their metabolism or by fl owers to strengthen their color saturation. In addition, since those surfaces evolved as effi cient sunlight harvesters, they possess broadband and omnidirectional optical properties, as targeted in PV applications. Those attributes make them particularly well-suited to tackle the substantial optical losses often occurring in thin-fi lm solar cells by using a single plant-inspired structure for both light collection and light trapping purposes. The latter could enable the use of even thinner absorbing layers to improve charge carrier collection and lower production costs. In this work, the hierarchical structures decorating the petals of Rosa ‘El Toro’ are replicated into a transparent resist layer to form highly effi cient light harvesting elements that can be applied to any photovoltaic technology. Their AR properties approach those obtained with moth-eye-inspired nanostructures and simultaneously provide broadband and angle-tolerant light collection. Furthermore, their morphology fosters the redistribution of light beneath the replica, enhancing the average optical path length and hence increasing the absorption probability. This double contribution signifi cantly ameliorates the photocurrent of PV devices. Effi ciency enhancement factors of up to 13% under normal incidence are hereinafter reported by implementing those structures in two types of optimized stateof-the-art organic solar cells. Since nature offers a plethora of candidates, a preliminary screening of diverse plant species is carried out by measuring the refl ection of their surface at an angle of incidence (AOI) of 80° (defi ned with respect to the surface normal) and for a wavelength of 560 nm, which is close to the solar spectral irradiance maximum ( Figure 1 a). In this work, the term “refl ection” includes both the specular and diffuse components. This method is a straightforward yet relevant way to judge the angular tolerance of the AR properties of the microstructures. In order to assess the sole infl uence of the surface structures and exclude any material-related effects, all measurements are performed on replicas which are processed as illustrated in Figure 1 b. We focus on convexly shaped epidermal cells because promising AR properties have been reported for the respective plant species. [ 19 ] Nevertheless, the approach developed in this study can be employed for any plant surface selected for its appropriate light harvesting capabilities. As pointed out by Schulte, [ 19 ] the light collection performance of plants depends on the morphology of the microstructure arrays. Besides the cells’ mean peak-to-peak distance and tip radius, their average aspect ratio (defi ned as the ratio between the vertical axis length h and the base diameter w ) infl uences the refl ectance. A clear trend emerges from Figure 1 a where the refl ection losses Flower Power: Exploiting Plants’ Epidermal Structures for Enhanced Light Harvesting in Thin-Film Solar Cells
10Be surface exposure dating of the deglaciation of northernmost Norway and Finland

During the Last Glacial Maximum, the coast of Finnmark county, northern Norway, was covered by the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS), which coalesced with the Barents Sea Ice Sheet (BSIS) off the coast. The region is thus important for our understanding of the dynamic interactions between the BSIS and the SIS, yet it remains one of the least dated regions covered by the SIS. To improve the chronological constraints, we present 23 new 10Be ages from eight localities in northernmost Norway and Finland, and discuss implications for the pattern and timing of ice‐sheet retreat in the region. The samples were collected along a 240‐km‐long north–south transect ranging from the outer coast of Nordkinn peninsula (Norway) to Lake Inarijärvi (Finland). The new exposure ages indicate deglaciation of the outer coast at ~14.5 ka. From there, the ice retreated southward until it reached the Main substage moraine complex just north of the Norwegian‐Finnish border during the Younger Dryas. South of the Main substage moraines the deglaciation appears to have become more rapid, eventually reaching Inari, at the southern end of our transect, around 10.4±1.4 ka.
Linear Gaussian quantum state smoothing: Understanding the optimal unravelings for Alice to estimate Bob's state

Quantum state smoothing is a technique to construct an estimate of the quantum state at a particular time, conditioned on a measurement record from both before and after that time. The technique assumes that an observer, Alice, monitors part of the environment of a quantum system and that the remaining part of the environment, unobserved by Alice, is measured by a secondary observer, Bob, who may have a choice in how he monitors it. The effect of Bob's measurement choice on the effectiveness of Alice's smoothing has been studied in a number of recent papers. Here we expand upon the Letter which introduced linear Gaussian quantum (LGQ) state smoothing [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 190402 (2019)]. In the current paper we provide a more detailed derivation of the LGQ smoothing equations and address an open question about Bob's optimal measurement strategy. Specifically, we develop a simple hypothesis that allows one to approximate the optimal measurement choice for Bob given Alice's measurement choice. By ``optimal choice'' we mean the choice for Bob that will maximize the purity improvement of Alice's smoothed state compared to her filtered state (an estimated state based only on Alice's past measurement record). The hypothesis, that Bob should choose his measurement so that he observes the back-action on the system from Alice's measurement, seems contrary to one's intuition about quantum state smoothing. Nevertheless, we show that it works even beyond a linear Gaussian setting.
RELICS: Properties of z ≥ 5.5 Galaxies Inferred from Spitzer and Hubble Imaging, Including A Candidate z ∼ 6.8 Strong [O iii] emitter

We present constraints on the physical properties (including stellar mass, age, and star formation rate) of 207 6 ≲ z ≲ 8 galaxy candidates from the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey (RELICS) and Spitzer-RELICS surveys. We measure photometry using T-PHOT and perform spectral energy distribution fitting using EAzY and BAGPIPES. Of the 207 candidates for which we could successfully measure (or place limits on) Spitzer fluxes, 23 were demoted to likely z < 4. Among the high-z candidates, we find intrinsic stellar masses between 1 × 106 M ⊙ and 4 × 109 M ⊙, and rest-frame UV absolute magnitudes between −22.6 and −14.5 mag. While our sample is mostly comprised of LmUV/LmUV*<1 galaxies, it extends to LmUV/LmUV*∼2 . Our sample spans ∼4 orders of magnitude in stellar mass and star formation rates, and exhibits ages that range from maximally young to maximally old. We highlight 11 z ≥ 6.5 galaxies with detections in Spitzer/IRAC imaging, several of which show evidence for some combination of evolved stellar populations, large contributions of nebular emission lines, and/or dust. Among these is PLCKG287+32-2013, one of the brightest z ∼ 7 candidates known (AB mag 24.9 at 1.6 μm) with a Spitzer 3.6 μm flux excess suggesting strong [O iii] + H-β emission (∼1000 Å rest-frame equivalent width). We discuss the possible uses and limits of our sample and present a public catalog of Hubble + Spitzer photometry along with physical property estimates for all objects in the sample. Because of their apparent brightnesses, high redshifts, and variety of stellar populations, these objects are excellent targets for follow-up with the James Webb Space Telescope.
Denitrification, anammox, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium across a mosaic of estuarine benthic habitats

Estuaries play a key role in moderating the flow of nitrogen (N) to marine ecosystems. However, the magnitude of this N removal can vary dramatically both within and between estuaries due to the benthic habitats present. Here, we compare denitrification, coupled nitrification–denitrification, anammox, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) across a mosaic of benthic habitats in the subtropical Noosa River Estuary, Australia. Using 15N tracer techniques and passive pore‐water samplers, we show that coupled nitrification–denitrification was the dominant pathway for N2 production across all habitats, with higher rates in vegetated habitats (10–70 μmol N m−2 h−1) compared to bare sediments (0.9–2 μmol N m−2 h−1). Unusual pore‐water profiles in the macroalgal sediments suggest the presence of sulfur‐driven anoxic nitrification of NH4+ to NO3− and N2. A benthic N budget showed that combined denitrification and coupled nitrification–denitrification accounted approximately 96% of the N2 production, while DNRA accounted for 9% of total NO3− reduction pathways in the Noosa River Estuary. The macroalgae habitat contributed 76% of total N removal via N2 production and 65% of N retention via DNRA, despite accounting for only 25% of the total surface area. We show a strong relationship between seagrass and macroalgae area and N2 production (r2 = 0.8; p < 0.01), and as such, the capacity to mitigate reactive N loads in estuaries may decrease with the large‐scale loss of seagrass and other vegetated habitats.
Continuous Inhibition of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Leads to Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Functional Insulin-Producing β Cells

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell- (iPSC-) derived insulin-producing cells (IPCs) can be used for islet cell transplantation into type 1 diabetic patients and as patient-specific cells for the development of novel antidiabetic drugs. However, a method is needed to generate functional IPCs from iPSCs and simplify the protocol. We compared combinations of small molecules that could induce the differentiation of cells into a definitive endoderm and preferentially into islet precursor cells. When generated using an optimal combination of small molecules, IPCs secreted insulin in response to glucose stimulation. We constructed spheroid IPCs and optimized the culture and maturation conditions. Quantitative PCR revealed that the expression of definitive endoderm-specific markers differed depending on the combination of the small molecules. The small molecule, N-[(3,5-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene]-4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperazinamine, induced the differentiation of cells into functional IPCs by inhibiting Sonic hedgehog signaling. Images of the 2D culture showed that IPCs formed spheroids from day 5 and continuously secreted insulin. We developed a simple differentiation method using small molecules that produced functional IPCs that responded to glucose stimulation within a relatively short period. We posit that this method along with further refinement of the differentiation process can be applied to culture IPCs that can be used in clinical trials.
DRAGraces: A Pipeline for the GRACES High-resolution Spectrograph at Gemini

This paper describes the software Data Reduction and Analysis for GRACES (DRAGraces), which is a pipeline reducing spectra from Gemini Remote Access to the CFHT ESPaDOnS Spectrograph (GRACES) at the Gemini North Telescope. The code is written in the IDL language. It is designed to find all the GRACES frames in a given directory, automatically determine the list of bias, flat, arc, and science frames, and perform the whole reduction and extraction within a few minutes. We compare the output from DRAGraces with that of the Open source Pipeline for ESPaDOnS Reduction and Analysis (OPERA), a pipeline developed at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) that also can extract GRACES spectra. Both pipelines were developed completely independently, yet they give very similar extracted spectra. They both have their advantages and disadvantages. For instance, DRAGraces is more straightforward and easy to use and is less likely to be derailed by a parameter that needs to be tweaked, while OPERA offers a more careful extraction that can be significantly superior when the highest resolution is required and when the signal-to-noise ratio is low. One should compare both before deciding which one to use for their science. Yet, both pipelines deliver a fairly comparable resolution power (R ∼ 52.8k and 36.6k for DRAGraces and R ∼ 58k and 40k for OPERA in high- and low-resolution spectral modes, respectively), wavelength solution, and signal-to-noise ratio per resolution element.