Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Lung Injury: From Preclinical Animal Models to Treatment of Severe COVID-19

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been a major public health challenge worldwide. Owing to the emergence of novel viral variants, the risks of reinfections and vaccine breakthrough infections has increased considerably despite a mass of vaccination. The formation of cytokine storm, which subsequently leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome, is the major cause of mortality in patients with COVID-19. Based on results of preclinical animal models and clinical trials of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the immunomodulatory, tissue repair, and antiviral properties of MSCs highlight their potential to treat COVID-19. This review article summarizes the potential mechanisms and outcomes of MSC therapy in COVID-19, along with the pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The properties of MSCs and lessons from preclinical animal models of acute lung injury are mentioned ahead. Important issues related to the use of MSCs in COVID-19 are discussed finally.
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Parental Burnout and Parenting Practices: Analyses Using a Retrospective Pretest

Background Many of the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic were consistent with factors shown to be predictive of parental stress and burnout. The purpose of the current study was to use a retrospective pretest method to gain an understanding of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on levels of parental burnout and on parenting practices. Method A brief survey was conducted using a retrospective pretest method to examine parental burnout (The Parental Burnout Assessment, Roskam et al, 2018) and parenting practices (The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, Frick, 1991). The survey asked parent participants to answer questions about their experiences before and during the pandemic. Results Findings indicated that the pandemic had a significant impact on parents, increasing overall levels of parental burnout and impacting parenting practices by reducing use of positive parenting strategies and increasing use of inconsistent discipline and corporal punishment. These changes in parenting practices were even more pronounced for parents whose levels of parental burnout moved from “normal” levels before the pandemic to clinical levels during the pandemic. Conclusion The findings of the current study suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on levels of parental burnout and parenting practices. Although additional research is needed, the results suggest that there is a need for clinicians to understand the effects that the pandemic may have had on parents and families with an understanding that families may be at ongoing risk despite a relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions.
Data-Centric Analysis of Compound Threats to Critical Infrastructure Control Systems

Compound threats involving cyberattacks that are targeted in the aftermath of a natural disaster pose an important emerging threat for critical infrastructure. We introduce a novel compound threat model and data-centric framework for evaluating the resilience of power grid SCADA systems to such threats. We present a case study of a compound threat involving a hurricane and follow-on cyberattack on Oahu Hawaii and analyze the ability of existing SCADA architectures to withstand this threat model. We show that no existing architecture fully addresses this threat model, and demonstrate the importance of considering compound threats in planning system deployments.
On The Timing of Antiwindup Compensation

In this paper we address the problem of determining the effect of the timing of the antiwindup compensation on the stability of a class of nonlinear systems. Besides proposing a new and less conservative synthesis framework, we move forward and compare the impact of antiwindup compensation when it occurs immediately or it is delayed. The class of systems considered are input saturating linear systems with known and constant time delay in both the input and the states. The synthesis of these antiwindup compensators is carried out on a linear matrix inequality (LMI)‐based framework whose development is based on the use of a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, a generalized sector condition, and a negligibly constrained usage of the Finsler Lemma. We compare results by computing the upper bound of the ℒ2 ‐norm on the admissible disturbances for which the system trajectories are assured to be bounded.
Correction for the detector-dead-time effect on the second-order correlation of stationary sub-Poissonian light in a two-detector configuration

Exact measurement of the second-order correlation function $g^{(2)}(t)$ of a light source is essential when investigating the photon statistics and the light generation process of the source. For a stationary single-mode light source, Mandel Q factor is directly related to $g^{(2)}(t)$. For a large mean photon number in the mode, the deviation of $g^{(2)}(t)$ from unity is so small that even a tiny error in measuring $g^{(2)}(t)$ would result in an inaccurate Mandel Q. In this work, we have found that detector dead time can induce a serious error in $g^{(2)}(t)$ and thus in Mandel Q in those cases even in a two-detector configuration. Our finding contradicts the conventional understanding that detector dead time would not affect $g^{(2)}(t)$ in two-detector configurations. Utilizing the cavity-QED microlaser, a well-established sub-Poissonian light source, we measured $g^{(2)}(t)$ with two different types of photodetectors with different dead time. We also introduced prolonged dead time by intentionally deleting the photodetection events following a preceding one within a specified time interval. We found that the observed Q of the cavity-QED microlaser was underestimated by 19% with respect to the dead-time-free Q when its mean photon number was about 600. We derived an analytic formula which well explains the behavior of the $g^{(2)}(t)$ as a function of the dead time.
Kiai's Leadership in Strengthening Santri's Moderation Attitude in Islamic Boarding Schools

This article aims to analyze: 1) the role of the kiai's leadership in strengthening the moderation attitude of the students at the Al-Khoirot Islamic Boarding School, 2) the steps taken by the Kiai, 3) the evaluation carried out by the kiai's leadership. This research uses a qualitative approach, the type of case study. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out in three steps, namely: data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. Checking the data's validity is done using the credibility, dependency test, and certainty test. The results of this study are as follows: first, Kiai Pondok Pesantren Al-Khoirot in carrying out his leadership has four roles, namely: Kiai as a guide, Kiai as an agent of change, Kiai as spokesperson, and Kiai as a coach. To achieve the top leadership role, Kiai uses a situational leadership style in the form of delegation, guidance, and direction to subordinates. Second, in shaping and strengthening the moderation attitude of the santri, the Kiai emphasizes the study of books by the Kiai and the curriculum. Third, the implementation of the Kiai's leadership in strengthening the religious moderation of students at the Al-Khoirot Islamic Boarding School has not encountered significant obstacles. Likewise, the implementation of strengthening the attitude of religious moderation of students by the expectations of the Kiai. The daily characteristics of santri in implementing the attitude of religious moderation are good.
Implications of Abundance Gradients in Intracluster Gas

Analysis of spatially resolved ASCA spectra of the intracluster gas in Abell 496 confirms that metal abundances increase toward the center. We also find spatial gradients in several abundance ratios, indicating that the fraction of iron from SN Ia increases toward the cluster center. The dominant metal enrichment mechanism near the cluster center must therefore be different than in the outer parts. We show that ram pressure stripping of gas from cluster galaxies cannot account for the central abundance enhancement. We suggest that two successive stages of galactic winds contaminate intracluster gas: protogalactic winds driven by SN II, followed by less energetic winds driven by SN Ia, which have longer lived progenitors than SN II. The less energetic secondary wind from a cD galaxy may be suppressed, due to its location at the cluster center, leading to the observed central enhancement of SN Ia ejecta.
Current Status and Flight Demonstration of UTM in Korea

Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management System (UTM) provides VLOS (Visual Line of Sight) / BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight) flight plan by providing location information of other drones, airspace/flight information, weather/obstacle information, etc. so that multiple drones can operate safely and efficiently. It is a traffic management system for drones that supports creation and flight authorization / permission. In addition, UTM provides traffic management services such as communication, flight route management, location monitoring, and collision avoidance so that drones completing various missions can fly farther safely and increase usability of airspace. This paper intends to share current status of UTM that is being researched and developed in Korea ("UTM System Development and Demonstration for Safe Operation of Small UAS System in Low-Altitude"). In addition, this paper will explain UTM based flight demonstrations carried out along with R&D from 2017 to 2021, and suggest the direction that UTM should take.
Synthesis of N-Methylene Linker Containing Phthalimide Bearing-1H-1,2,3-Triazole by Click Chemistry Approach: Anticancer Activity in Human Cells

Abstract The novel series of phthalimide-1H-1,2,3-triazole derivatives (6a–o) was created by combining various azide derivatives with an N-methylene bond using click chemistry. N-alkylation procedures using a base catalyst were used to make the initial alkyne. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis methods were used to comprehensively characterize all intermediates and final products. The antitumor efficacy of reported hybrids of two heterocyclic rings, phthalimide and 1,2,3-triazole in a single structure, was tested against nine basic cancer panels as well as the NCI-60 cell line. The compounds 6a, 6b, 6e, 6g, 6h, and 6j showed potent anticancer activity in vitro against Leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cancer, and melanoma cancer cell lines, with GI50 values ranging from −61.57 to 12.07 µM. The antimicrobial activity of fractions was tested. Further to gain an insight into the mechanism of action molecular docking study was performed against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase which could provide valuable insights into the key thermodynamic interactions.
Strichartz estimates for the wave equation in even space dimensions

We prove the weighted Strichartz estimates for the wave equation in even space dimensions with radial symmetry in space. Although the odd space dimensional cases have been treated in our previous paper [5], the lack of the Huygens principle prevents us from a similar treatment in even space dimensions. The proof is based on the two explicit representations of solutions due to Rammaha [11] and Takamura [14] and to Kubo-Kubota [6]. As in the odd space dimensional cases [5], we are also able to construct self-similar solutions to semilinear wave equations on the basis of the weighted Strichartz estimates. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 35L05, 35B45, 35L70
‘Because I am a Girl’: Identity and Positioning in Afghani Women Narratives

Introduction: Over an August night in 2021, Taliban unexpectedly took over power in Afghanistan, almost twenty years after the U.S. waged war on extremism on the Afghani soil to eradicate the Taliban terrorist regime. This sad turn of events brought back all the memories of oppression, violence, poverty and terrorism to the Afghani people, who struggled over the turn of the century to wipe out the misery imposed on them by the Taliban regime. This power takeover came as a devastating shock to Afghani women in particular, who hardly overcame their traumatic experiences with this regime, that held women in a lower rank in all life aspects. The present study examines sixteen narratives written by Afghani women over the period 2009 to 2015, as part of the 16 Days of Activism Against Gender Violence Campaign. The Afghani Women Writing Project (AWWP) joined this campaign by compiling a number of narratives, by Afghani women who share their stories of suffering, oppression and gender-based violence (GBV) whether under the Taliban regime or otherwise. They tell stories of discrimination in education, living, rape and other aspects of oppression. The study particularly focuses on how the narrators project and construct their identities via narrating. Ever since the narrative turn, it has become established that narration could be seen as an identity-construction tool. In fact, Bamberg and Georgakopoulou consider “stories [as] privileged forms/structures/ systems for making sense of self by bringing the coordinates of time, space and personhood into a unitary frame [. ] for further analytical scrutiny in the form of ‘identity analysis’ (2008, 378). Bamberg also reiterates this, considering how “narrating enables speakers/writers to disassociate the speaking/writing self, and thereby take a reflective position vis-à-vis the self as character in past or fictitious time-space, make those past (or imagined) events relevant for the act of telling” (2011, 7). Similarly, Ayometzi regards personal stories as “a means through which tellers develop differentiated personal identities and a form through which they are led into the construction of a collective identity” (2007, 45). The present study scrutinizes the narratives in the light of Bucholtz and Hall Identity framework. Setting off from the premise that “identity is the social positioning of self and others” (2005, 586), Bucholtz and Hall set five main principles that inform identity construction: emergence principle, positionality
Examining the Efficacy of Time Scarcity Marketing Promotions in Online Retail

Time scarcity promotions (e.g., “40% off for a limited time”) are mainstays of online retail marketing. Although positive effects of time scarcity promotions on consumer interest have been evidenced in the brick-and-mortar world, should retailers expect similarly robust effects online? The present research suggests the answer may be no. First, the authors report meta-analytic and experimental results suggesting that previously identified positive effects of time scarcity promotions observed offline may not emerge in online shopping contexts. Then, consistent with the prediction that online time scarcity promotions activate more persuasion knowledge than identical control promotions, the authors detail findings suggesting that providing retailer-exogeneous justifications for online time scarcity promotions’ time restriction (e.g., consumers’ birthdays, seasonal changes) can increase the potential of observing positive effects on consumer interest online. Further, results suggest that the positive effects of including exogenous time justification may be more likely when less time remains until the online promotion’s expiration. However, results stop short of suggesting that online time scarcity promotions will consistently yield superior outcomes compared with identical online control promotions. Therefore, the authors highlight the continued need for careful managerial use as well as further research examining the optimal translation of offline tactics to online retail.
Time-segmented Physical Activity Patterns of Brazilian Adolescents: Within- and Between-day Variability

ABSTRACT This study examined the within- and between-day variability of time-segmented sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in adolescents. The sample comprised 154 adolescents (11–16 years old) from two public schools in Florianópolis, Brazil. The proportion of time spent in SB, LPA, and MVPA was measured using Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers for the following weekday time segments: before school (07:00–07:59), school time (08:00–11:59), after school (12:00–12:59), afternoons (13:00–17:59), and evenings (18:00–23:00). Participants were more active during commuting-related time segments. Females showed lower MVPA than males during school time, afternoons, and evenings, but not before school and after school. Higher age was associated with higher SB and lower LPA during school time, afternoons, and evenings, and slightly lower MVPA during afternoons. The variability of SB, LPA, and MVPA for all time segments was mainly explained by within-participant day-to-day variations rather than between-participant differences of daily-averaged estimates.
THE PROSPECTIVE EFFECT OF A PLEA AGREEMENT AT THE JUDGE’S DISCRETION AND OF AN ARBITRATION AGREEMENT AT THE ARBITRATOR’S DISCRETION: COMPARATIVE LEGAL ASPECT

plea Abstract. Purpose . The purpose of the article is to confirm the hypothesis of the existence of a prospective effect of the plea agreement at the discretion of the judge and the arbitration agreement at the discretion of the arbitrator. Research methods . The methodological basis of the study is the comparative method. Along with it, the author used historical method and general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, induc-tion, and deduction. Results . It is established that the main category that influences whether the analyzed agreements will be concluded is the common will of the parties. However, the agreement of the alternative judgment of the parties in a single procedural agreement is inextricably linked to the consensus of such an agreement. Both agreements affect the further discretion of the parties to the agreement and to the related parties. Based on the range of powers, the prosecutor's discretion has the most remarkable influence on the judge's discretion. At the same time, the judge's discretion may also take precedence over the prosecutor's discretion. However, the judge's discretion may be limited by law in the context of a plea agreement. On the contrary, the functions of the arbitration agreement directly affect the arbitrators' discretion because, without the existence of this agreement, the arbitrators' discretion is impossible to resolve a dispute in international commercial arbitration. It is established that arbitration discretion acts as a generalizing, generic concept that includes two forms – the parties' discretion and the arbitrators' discretion. Conclusions . The hypothesis of the existence of a prospective effect of the plea agreement at the judge's discretion and the impact of the arbitration agreement at the discretion of the arbitrator is proved. It is established that the impact of the arbitration agreement is much more significant than the impact of the plea agreement, primarily due to the peculiarities of the arbitration procedure, which in turn corresponds to the fact that these procedures are provided by private law. The fact is revealed that there is a much greater possibility for discretion in private law, especially in international commercial arbitration. There is no reason to deny the existence of discretion under public law. However, such discretion is more limited than discretion in private law, as the leading method of regulation is imperative. That is why the task of arbitration experts is to study arbitration as the most favorable environment for discretion. It is necessary to derive the general laws of discretion and extend them to all other areas, including public law.
The failure of isotropic continuous time random walk to model diusion in porous media and a redeeming modication

1. ESE, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK2. College of Science, NUDT, Changsha, Hunan, China3. Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK(Dated: January 26, 2015)We test the delity of modelling di usion processes of nite-size particles in porous media, sim-ulated numerically, by continuous time random walk (CTRW) of the same step size and waitingtime distributions. The waiting times depend on particle size. We nd that the CTRW predicts auniversality-class normal-to-anomalous di usion transition at di erent particle sizes. We show thatthe discrepancy is due to the change in connectivity (topology) of the porous media with increasingparticle size. We propose a method to improve the CTRW model by adding anisotropy. This ad-justment yields good agreement with the simulated di usion process, reinstating the CTRW, withits advantages, as an appropriate model for di usion in con ned geometries.1. INTRODUCTION
Aperture design analysis for vector flow imaging

We present the results of a study exploring the upper velocity limit of vector flow estimation with Heterodyned Spatial Quadrature. Since this is highly dependent on apodization, we investigated a set of apodization windows designed to explore means of extending the practical velocity range. Heterodyned Spatial Quadrature (HSQ) is a recently described vector flow technique that has been shown to provide accurate flow estimates in both the axial and lateral directions. The complex PSF created by this technique induces a modulation in the received echo of a scatterer traversing the resolution volume at a frequency proportional to the scatterer lateral velocity. We measure the rate of phase change of this modulation to provide an estimate of the lateral flow velocity component. The technique is extendible to 3D vector flow estimation with a 2D array. We expect lateral tracking methods in general to be limited by a number of factors including the PSF beam width and the system amplitude sensitivity. Using a Siemens Elegra ultrasound scanner with a 7.5 MHz linear array, we simulated flow up to 405 /spl mu/m per step in a tissue-mimicking phantom, corresponding to velocities up to 4.05 m/sec for a PRF of 10 kHz, at Doppler angles of 60/spl deg/ and 90/spl deg/. We estimated lateral velocities to within 5% relative bias up to 315 cm/sec in an f/2 geometry at a 90/spl deg/ Doppler angle. The spatial quadrature receive aperture utilized a bi-lobed Blackman apodization with a width of 1/2D, where D is the full width of the array. Computer simulations of the system under similar conditions produced lateral velocity estimates up to 303 cm/sec. As expected, the maximum estimable velocity scales with focal depth. In simulations, the same aperture estimated flow velocities up to 672 cm/sec at a focal depth of 75 mm, representing an f/5 geometry.
circRPPH1_025 Overexpression Promotes Migration and Invasion of Glioblastoma Multiforme

Objective To study the effect of circ_0000512 (circRPPH1_025) on the tumorigensis and development of glioblastoma and its molecular mechanism. Methods The expression levels of circ_0000512 in normal astrocytes (NHA) and human glioblastoma cell lines (U87, U251, and A172) and the expression levels of circ_0000512 and linear RNA RPPH1 in U87 cells after RNase R treatment were detected by qRT-PCR. The effects of circ_0000512 knockdown or overexpression on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of U87 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, cell colony formation assay, transwell invasion assay, wound healing assay, and western blot. Results The expression of circ_0000512 was upregulated in glioblastoma cells, and the overexpression of circ_0000512 was beneficial to the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of U87 cells, while knockdown of circ_0000512 showed the opposite results. Conclusion circ_0000512 can be used as a potential target for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of glioblastoma multiforme.