Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functionality Representations and Applications for Shape Analysis

A central goal of computer graphics is to provide tools for designing and simulating real or imagined artifacts. An understanding of functionality is important in enabling such modeling tools. Given that the majority of man‐made artifacts are designed to serve a certain function, the functionality of objects is often reflected by their geometry, the way that they are organized in an environment, and their interaction with other objects or agents. Thus, in recent years, a variety of methods in shape analysis have been developed to extract functional information about objects and scenes from these different types of cues. In this report, we discuss recent developments that incorporate functionality aspects into the analysis of 3D shapes and scenes. We provide a summary of the state‐of‐the‐art in this area, including a discussion of key ideas and an organized review of the relevant literature. More specifically, the report is structured around a general definition of functionality from which we derive criteria for classifying the body of prior work. This definition also facilitates a comparative view of methods for functionality analysis. We focus on studying the inference of functionality from a geometric perspective, and pose functionality analysis as a process involving both the geometry and interactions of a functional entity. In addition, we discuss a variety of applications that benefit from an analysis of functionality, and conclude the report with a discussion of current challenges and potential future works.
Using a Hydrological Model to Simulate the Performance and Estimate the Runoff Coefficient of Green Roofs in Semiarid Climates

Green roofs offer a series of benefits to buildings and to the urban environment. Their use in dry climates requires optimizing the choice of their components (i.e., vegetation, substrate and drainage layer) for the specific local climatic conditions, in order to minimize irrigations needs while preserving the attributes of the roof. In this study, we calibrated and validated an existing hydrological model—IHMORS—for the simulation of the hydrological performance of green roofs. Simulated results were compared to experimental data obtained in an outdoor test facility on several green roof specimens, representing a variety of green roofs configurations. IHMORS was able to reasonably predict the soil moisture dynamics for all tested specimens. The specimens of 10 cm depth were the best simulated by the model, while some overestimation was observed during the model validation for the 5 and 20 cm depth specimens. The model was then used to estimate the number of days in which irrigation is needed, as well as analyze the water runoff control performance of all specimens. We related the amount of water retained by the substrate and depth, magnitude and intensity of precipitation event, and the initial substrate moisture. For all events, the lowest runoff coefficient was simulated for the 20 cm specimens. Our study showed the full potential of the model for estimating the water needs and the runoff control performances of different variants of green roofs.
Hair Modeling and Simulation by Style

As the deformation behaviors of hair strands vary greatly depending on the hairstyle, the computational cost and accuracy of hair movement simulations can be significantly improved by applying simulation methods specific to a certain style. This paper makes two contributions with regard to the simulation of various hair styles. First, we propose a novel method to reconstruct simulatable hair strands from hair meshes created by artists. Manually created hair meshes consist of numerous mesh patches, and the strand reconstruction process is challenged by the absence of connectivity information among the patches for the same strand and the omission of hidden parts of strands due to the manual creation process. To this end, we develop a two‐stage spectral clustering method for estimating the degree of connectivity among patches and a strand‐growing method that preserves hairstyles. Next, we develop a hairstyle classification method for style‐specific simulations. In particular, we propose a set of features for efficient classifications and show that classifiers trained with the proposed features have higher accuracy than those trained with naive features. Our method applies efficient simulation methods according to the hairstyle without specific user input, and thus is favorable for real‐time simulation.
Effect of additional in-domain parallel corpora in biomedical statistical machine translation

Most institutional and research information in the biomedical domain is available only as English text. This is a limitation for non-native English speakers and individuals with low English proficiency. Unfortunately, obtaining parallel corpora to train a statistical machine translation system is difficult. In previous work, we introduced a method to automatically develop corpora for training and evaluating statistical machine translation systems. This method was intended to work with MEDLINE, so was limited to the resources available from the journals indexed in MEDLINE containing information in more than one language. In the current work, we have added in-domain corpora obtained from the UMLS Metathesaurus and a corpus obtained from the European Medicines Agency. Preliminary results indicate that adding in-domain corpora to our previously developed set slightly improves the translation performance. Most of the improvement is observed when the additional in-domain corpora are used to improve word alignment.
Evaluation of Achievable Vehicle-to-Grid Capacity Using Aggregate PEV Model

Large-scale plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) utilizing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology can collectively behave as a storage system under the control of an aggregator, e.g., arbitraging in the energy market and providing ancillary services to the grid. Quantitatively evaluating V2G capacity, i.e., charging and discharging power ranges, for a PEV fleet utilizing V2G technology (which is referred to as a V2G fleet in this paper) ahead of time is of fundamental importance for V2G implementation. However, because of the stochastic characteristics of PEV driving behaviors, charging demands are difficult to forecast, which makes evaluating V2G capacity technically difficult. This paper first establishes an aggregate model of a V2G fleet that employs aggregated parameters to represent energy and power constraints of the entire V2G fleet and, therefore, reduces the difficulty of forecasting. Then, an evaluation method for V2G capacity of large-scale PEVs is developed based on the proposed aggregate model. To make the V2G capacity evaluated in advance achievable while guaranteeing charging demands during real-time operation, a heuristic smart charging strategy is designed. The application of the evaluation method in optimal charge and discharge scheduling for a V2G fleet providing power reserves is illustrated. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the proposed method.
Epidemiologic features and intervention effect of fall injury among rural school-aged children in southwest China: a short-term cohort study

ABSTRACT Falls are the top one type in all unintentional injuries. In this study, we aim to explore the epidemiological characteristics of falls and assess the intervention effect. Our research had interviewed 2854 rural children in southwest China. Then, we used School–Family–Individual (SFI) comprehensive education model to conduct an intervention among 1506 children and follow up them for one year. The changes in injury knowledge and incidence rate before and after intervention were compared. We found the fall injury was 37.32% (178/477) and ranked top one in the total injuries. After intervention, the children's fall-injuries-related knowledge was significantly increased by 15.29 percent (P < 0.001). While falls incidence significantly decreased after- intervention (6.24% vs. 3.93%; P < 0.001). From the results we concluded that the falls rate was high and was the prior reason of all injuries. SFI intervention model can effectively reduce the incidence of the fall injury.
Formation and chemical aging of secondary organic aerosol during the β-caryophyllene oxidation

Abstract. The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production during the oxidation of β-caryophyllene by ozone (O3) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) and the subsequent chemical aging of the products during reactions with OH were investigated. Experiments were conducted with ozone and with hydroxyl radicals at low NOx (zero added NOx) and at high NOx (hundreds of parts per billion). The SOA mass yield at 10 μg m−3 of organic aerosol was 27% for the ozonolysis, 20% for the reaction with OH at low NOx, and 38% at high NOx under dry conditions, 20 °C, and ozone excess. Parameterizations of the fresh SOA yields have been developed. The average fresh SOA atomic O : C ratio varied from 0.24 to 0.34 depending on the oxidant and the NOx level, while the H : C ratio was close to 1.5 for all systems examined. An average density of 1.06 ± 0.1 μg m−3 of the β-caryophyllene SOA was estimated. The exposure to UV light had no effect on the β-caryophyllene SOA concentration and aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements. The chemical aging of the β-caryophyllene SOA produced was studied by exposing the fresh SOA to high concentrations (107 molecules cm−3) of OH for several hours. These additional reactions increased the SOA concentration by 15–40% and O : C by approximately 25%. A limited number of experiments suggested that there was a significant impact of the relative humidity on the chemical aging of the SOA. The evaporation rates of β-caryophyllene SOA were quantified by using a thermodenuder allowing us to estimate the corresponding volatility distributions and effective vaporization enthalpies.
Indoor air pollutant sources using Blind Source Separation Methods

The objective of this study is to separate different sources of variability of air pollutant concentrations time series of particulate matter (PM) monitored in real indoor environments. Different blind source separation (BSS) methods (ICA, PMF, NMF) were applied in order to identify the PM sources and their contributions. The source profiles were characterized by their autocorrelation functions (ACF) which were compared to the ACFs of other variables. Their interpretation was completed by the analysis of polar plots including exogenous factors. Source contributions were also quantified.
EXPLORING THE SEMANTICS OF MULTI-WORD TERMS BY MEANS OF PARAPHRASES Melania

Pamela Faber Universidad de Granada pfaber@ugr.es Abstract Multi-word terms (MWTs) are the main way that concepts are linguistically expressed in specialized domains. Accessing the semantic content of these compressed propositions is the first step toward understanding and translating them. Until now, most studies have focused on two-term compounds (Kim & Baldwin, 2013). This paper, however, deals with three-term English and Spanish endocentric noun compounds in the specialized domain of Coastal Engineering. Our analysis involved parsing, bracketing, and the assignment of semantic relations. The meaning of the MWTs was then expanded through paraphrasing (Nakov, 2013). Our results showed that a predicatebased analysis facilitated the specification of the relations between the concepts in MWTs as well as the mapping of this content onto the corresponding term in the target language.
Expression of the Prion Protein Family Member Shadoo Causes Drug Hypersensitivity

Antal Nyeste, Petra Bencsura, István Vida, Zoltán Hegyi, László Homolya, Elfrieda Fodor, and Ervin Welker From the Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary, the Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary, and the Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
Dimensionally Specific Capture of Attention: Implications for Saliency Computation

Observers automatically orient to a sudden change in the environment. This is demonstrated experimentally using exogenous cues, which prioritize the analysis of subsequent targets appearing nearby. This effect has been attributed to the computation of saliency, obtained by combining features specific signals, which then feed back to drive attention to the salient location. An alternative possibility is that cueing directly effects target-evoked sensory responses in a feed-forward manner. We examined the effects of luminance and equiluminant color cues in a dual task paradigm, which required both a motion and a color discrimination. Equiluminant color cues improved color discrimination more than luminance cues, but luminance cues improved motion discrimination more than equiluminant color cues. This suggests that the effects of exogenous cues are dimensionally specific and may not depend entirely on the computation of a dimension general saliency signal.
Perceptions and Knowledge on Triage of Nurses Workingin Emergency Departments of Hospitals in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana.

Triage is an essential function of staff in Emergency Department. The triage nurse is typically the first person a patient encounter when presenting for emergency care in the Emergency Department. Nurses’ knowledge about triage is a key in triage decision making. Effective decision making can influence the health outcomes of presenting patients. The study aimed to assess the perceptions and knowledge of triage of nurses working in the Emergency Departments of hospitals in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Emergency Department of hospitals in the Tamale metropolis. A sample of 65 nurses were selected from the Emergency Department of the three hospitals by using non-probability purposive sampling method.Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version IBM – 21 Results were analyzed by descriptive statistics and were represented in the form of tables, and figures. Out of the sixty-five (65) participants, 37(56.9%) were males Majority of the nurses 70.8% were of 21-30 years of age. Minimum age was 21years and maximum age was 41years. The study revealed that 62.6% of the respondents were knowledgeable about triage by correctly answering more than 50% of the questions, in the self-administered questionnaires. Majority of nurses (96%) in the Emergency Departments of the various hospitals had a very good perception about the importance of triage to the patient, care provider and the country at large.Current findings showed that as the nurses had increased years of working experience their triage knowledge level also improved. The current study findings revealed a little above average percent score (62.6%) about triage knowledge among nurses. To improve on this, workshops/inservice training should be carried out, followed by continuous professional development on a regular basis for nurses in the Emergency Departments.
Measuring X-ray image quality using a perceptual metric

Objective medical image quality metrics are essential to ensure the best diagnostic experience. This paper presents a simple method to measure image quality based on the mutual information between the original instance and its Gabor-filtered derivations. This approach is used to automatically adjust the intensity amplitudes when displaying high contrast 16 bit or 12 bit images on 8 bit displays. The proposed algorithm is compared against other image quality metrics. Results show a superior performance in terms of the subjective evaluation of the displayed images.
Early classification of residential networks traffic using C5.0 machine learning algorithm

A reliable traffic identification engine is a key component for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to tune up their networks to meet customers' requirements. The continuously evolving characteristics of Internet traffic along with traffic encryption are challenging the reliability of classical approaches (i.e. port-based, pattern matching). A large body of the literature aims to overcome these challenges using machine learning based methods. However, several gaps limit the deployment of these approaches. In this paper, we focus on providing a fine-grained early residential traffic classification approach considering the lessons learnt from the literature. Our machine learning approach can identify finely services based on the very first packets statistical features. Furthermore, the methodology we developed aims to overcome commonly identified validation issues. Our dataset consists of a real residential traffic capture collected in France and provided by a major ISP involving more than 34,000 customers. Moreover, we developed an extension for an existing open source tool to provide the community with a reliable data processing chain. Our solution achieves very promising accuracy (98.8%) while identifying encrypted services such as Facebook, Google Services or Skype.
Family-Based Genome-Wide Association Study of South Indian Pedigrees Supports WNT7B as a Central Corneal Thickness Locus

Purpose To identify genetic risk factors contributing to central corneal thickness (CCT) in individuals from South India, a population with a high prevalence of ocular disorders. Methods One hundred ninety-five individuals from 15 large South Indian pedigrees were genotyped using the Omni2.5 bead array. Family-based association for CCT was conducted using the score test in MERLIN. Results Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified strongest association for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the first intron of WNT7B and CCT (top SNP rs9330813; β = −0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.78 to −0.36; P = 1.7 × 10−7). We further investigated rs9330813 in a Latino cohort and four independent European cohorts. A meta-analysis of these data sets demonstrated statistically significant association between rs9330813 and CCT (β = −3.94, 95% CI: −5.23 to −2.66; P = 1.7 × 10−9). WNT7B SNPs located in the same genomic region that includes rs9330813 have previously been associated with CCT in Latinos but with other ocular quantitative traits related to myopia (corneal curvature and axial length) in a Japanese population (rs10453441 and rs200329677). To evaluate the specificity of the observed WNT7B association with CCT in the South Indian families, we completed an ocular phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) for the top WNT7B SNPs using 45 ocular traits measured in these same families including corneal curvature and axial length. The ocular PheWAS results indicate that in the South Indian families WNT7B SNPs are primarily associated with CCT. Conclusions The results indicate robust evidence for association between WNT7B SNPs and CCT in South Indian pedigrees, and suggest that WNT7B SNPs can have population-specific effects on ocular quantitative traits.
Disparities in psychological well-being based on subjective and objective eating disorder recovery statuses, and recovery status concordance

ABSTRACT This research examines how eudaimonic psychological well-being (PWB) relates to variant levels of eating disorder (ED) recovery (full, partial, active ED), both self-defined and objectively determined, and to subjective–objective recovery status concordance. Participants (N = 132; Mage = 30.1) completed an online survey targeting ED symptomology, PWB, and recovery. MANOVAs revealed idiosyncratic relationships between recovery and PWB when objective criteria, subjective perceptions, and concordance were considered. Generally, superior levels of recovery were associated with superior PWB. PWB and clients’ perceptions of recovery should be considered during treatment and in establishing a uniform definition of ED recovery.
Comparison of zero-voltage-switching current-fed full-bridge and half-bridge isolated Dc/Dc converters with active-clamp

This short paper presents a comparison between high-frequency current-fed full-bridge and half-bridge isolated dc/dc converters with active-clamp snubber. Active-clamp snubber, in addition to absorbing the turn-off voltage spike across the switch, acts as a zero-voltage transition auxiliary circuit resulting in zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of the semiconductor devices of converters. ZVS range depends upon the design, in particular, ratio of leakage and magnetizing inductances of the transformer. Cost, ZVS range, efficiency, volume, components' rating, losses and efficiency, and power density per cell are compared to select a converter.
Low frequency bandwidth in connected spiral arrays

Connecting the arms of spirals in a dual circularly-polarized array significantly increases the array bandwidth. The connections decreased the low frequency cutoff from 1 GHz (without connections) to 350 MHz of the original array without connections (1 GHz). In this paper, an analysis at even lower frequencies is carried out revealing that the array is still useful at the original low frequency cutoff divided by 10 (100 MHz).
Does Ignorance of Economic Returns and Costs Explain the Educational Aspiration Gap? Evidence from Representative Survey Experiments

The gap in university enrollment by parental education is large and persistent in many countries. In our representative survey, 74 percent of German university graduates, but only 36 percent of those without a university degree favor a university education for their children. The latter are more likely to underestimate returns and overestimate costs of university. Experimental provision of return and cost information significantly increases educational aspirations. However, it does not close the aspiration gap as university graduates respond even more strongly to the information treatment. Persistent effects in a follow-up survey indicate that participants indeed process and remember the information. Differences in economic preference parameters also cannot account for the educational aspiration gap. Our results cast doubt that ignorance of economic returns and costs explains educational inequality in Germany.
A Design Evaluation of Non-Portable Telemedicine Systems for Remote Health Consultation

The need for remote consultations by health professionals is growing in the health industry. Many telemedicine systems are in existence yet there are few, if any, studies exploring them from a human-computer interaction perspective. As such, we conducted an interview and observational study of telemedicine health consultations focused on user behavior and interactions. Here we focus on the ways in which technologies can be better designed, if at all, to support user needs, practices, and social concerns. Our findings show that current telemedicine systems are limited in terms of their design and cause health professionals and patients to miss out on non-verbal body language, gestures, and eye gaze, along with information about the emotional state of the patient. Patients also face privacy issues because of stationary narrow field-of-view cameras. Overall, these findings illustrate the need for wide field-of-view or mobile cameras, the potential for multiple cameras, along with better software features to show improved mirror views of oneself and patient documentation.