Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Superinfection Exclusion ( sieB ) Genes of Bacteriophages P 22 and A

The superinfection exclusion gene (sieB) of Salnonella phage P22 was mapped with phage deletion mutants. The DNA sequence in the region was reexamined in order to find an open reading frame consistent with the deletion mapping. Several discrepancies with the previously published sequence were discovered. The revised sequence revealed a single open reading frame of 242 codons with six likely translation initiation codons. On the basis of deletion and amber mutant phenotypes, the second of these six sites was inferred to be the translation initiation site of the sieB gene. The sieB gene encodes a polypeptide with 192 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 22,442, which is in reasonable agreement with that estimated from polyacrylamide gels. The transcription start site ofsieB was identified by the use of an RNase protection assay. The sieB promoter thus identified was inactivated by a 2-base substitution in its -10 hexamer. The sieB gene of coliphage A was also identified. The promoter for A sieB was identified by homology to that of P22 sieB.
Crystal Structures and RNA-Binding Properties of the RRMs of hnRNP L: Insights into Its Roles in Alternative-splicing Regulation

To whom correspondence may be addressed: Room 419, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. Tel. /Fax: 86 551 63606314; Email: mkteng@ustc.edu. cn. To whom correspondence should be addressed: School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. Tel. /Fax: 86 551 63607334; E-mail: sachem@ustc.edu. cn.
University of Birmingham Perspectives on condition monitoring techniques of wind turbines

The ever-increasing development of wind power plants has raised awareness that an appropriate condition monitoring system is required to achieve high reliability of wind turbines. In order to develop an efficient, accurate and reliable condition monitoring system, the operations of wind turbines need to be fully understood. This paper focuses on the on-line condition monitoring of electrical, mechanical and structural components of a wind turbine to diminish downtime due to maintenance. Failure mechanisms of the most vulnerable parts of wind turbines and their root causes are discussed. State of the art condition monitoring methods of the different parts of wind turbine such as generators, power converters, DC-links, bearings, gearboxes, brake systems and tower structure are reviewed. The paper addresses the existing problems in some areas of condition monitoring systems and provides a novel method to overcome these problems. In this paper a comparison between existing condition monitoring techniques is carried out and recommendations on appropriate methods are provided. In the analysis of the technical literature it is noted that the effect of wind speed variation is not considered for traditional condition monitoring schemes.
Effects of Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) at Different Concentrations on Tribological Properties of Liquid Base Lubricants

In this study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nano platelets were used as an additive to enhance friction and wear properties of oil-based lubricants by preparing three samples at 0.01% w/w, 0.05% w/w, and 0.1% w/w concentrations. To analyze the direct effect of rGO nano platelets on tribological properties, 99.9% pure oil was used as a liquid lubricant. A comparative tribological study was done by performing a ball-on-disk wear test in situ under harsh conditions, which was further analyzed using a non-contact 3D optical profilometer. Morphological evaluation of the scar was done using transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM, SEM) at micro and nano levels. The lubricants’ physical properties, such as viscosity and oxidation number, were evaluated and compared for all samples including pure oil (control sample) as per ASTM standards. Findings of all these tests show that adding rGO nano platelets at 0.05% w/w showed significant reduction in friction at high speed and in wear up to 51.85%, which is very promising for increasing the life span of moving surfaces in machinery. Oxidation and viscosity tests also proved that adding rGO nano platelets to all samples does not sacrifice the physical properties of the lubricant, while it improves friction and wear properties.
Evaluation of the Creating College and Career Readiness Initiative in Kentucky

This report presents findings from the evaluation of the Creating College and Career Readiness (C3R) initiative, which was funded by a U.S. Department of Education Investments in Innovation development grant. The initiative asked rural Kentucky schools to implement a suite of personalized software. C3R was the first implementation of the suite in the kindergarten–12th grade context and it aimed to prepare students for life after high school.
Investigations on the Role of Analysis Window Shape Parameter in Speech Enhancement using Hybrid Method

— This paper investigates the effect of Window shape on the improvement of Speech quality by reducing the noise using Analysis Window with optimum shape. In Speech Enhancement process, signal corrupted by noise is segmented into frames and each segment is Windowed using Analysis Window with variation in the shape parameter. The Windowed Speech segments are applied to the Hybrid Methods and the Enhanced Speech signal is reconstructed in its time domain. The focus is to study the effect of analysis Window shape on the Speech Enhancement process. For different shapes of the analysis Window, It is observed that the Window shape plays an important role on the enhancement process. The quality of the Enhanced Speech was measured using six objective measures. The results are compared with the measures of analysis window and an optimum shape constant for the analysis Window is proposed for better speech quality. This paper investigates the improvement of Speech quality in terms of six objective quality measures using Discrete Wavelet Transform and proposes two Hybrid methods
Condition Assessment of Roadway Bridges: From Performance Parameters to Performance Goals

Deterioration of bridges due to ageing and higher demands, induced by increased traffic load, require the development of effective maintenance policies and intervention strategies. Such concern should be aimed at ensuring the required levels of safety, while optimally managing the limited economic resources. This approach requires a transversal advance; from the element level, through the system level, all the way to the network level. At the same time intervention prioritisation based on the importance of the system (bridge) inside the network (e.g. highway), or of the single structural element inside the bridge is dependent. The first step in bridge condition assessment is the verification of safety and reliability requirements that is carried out using the traditional prescriptive (deterministic) approach or the current performance- based (probabilistic) approach. A critical issue for efficient management of infrastructures lies in the available knowledge on condition and performance of bridge asset. This information is obtained using a collection of significant Performance Parameters at one or more of the three levels (element, system, and network). Traditional techniques for estimation of Performance Parameters rely on already established visual inspection. However, a more reliable description of the system performance is obtained through Non-Destructive Testing and Structural Health Monitoring. Condition assessment essentially pertains to the check of compliance with Performance Goals and requires the definition and computation of Performance Indicators. They are calculated directly from Performance Parameters or from physical models calibrated using the Performance Parameters collected on the structure. Paper overviews the steps to bridge condition assessment regarding safety and reliability.
Microsoft Word-Zeldich et al R3 two columns.docx

Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage and neuronal cell death plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease. The present study aimed to examine the mechanism by which the anti-aging protein Klotho exerts neuroprotective effects against neuronal damage associated with neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. Pretreatment of rat primary hippocampal neurons and mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 with recombinant Klotho protected these cells from glutamate and oligomeric amyloid β (oAβ)-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, primary hippocampal neurons obtained from Klotho overexpressing mouse embryos were more resistent to both cytotoxic insults, glutamate and oAβ, compared to neurons from wild type littermates. An anti-oxidative stress array analysis of neurons treated with Klotho revealed that Klotho significantly enhances the expression of the thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin (Trx/Prx) system with the greatest effect on the induction of Prx-2, an antioxidant enzyme, whose increase was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels. Klotho-induced phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt pathway, a pathway important in apoptosis and longevity, was associated with sustained inhibitory phosphorylation of the transcription factor forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a), and was essential for the induction of Prx-2. Downregulation of Prx-2 expression using a lentivirus harboring shRNA completely abolished Klotho’s ability to rescue neurons from glutamateinduced death and significantly, but not completely, inhibited cell death mediated by oAβ, suggesting that Prx-2 is a key modulator of neuroprotection. Thus, our results demonstrate, for the first time, the neuroprotective role of Klotho and reveal a novel mechanism underlying this effect. Neuronal cell death, mediated by elevated ROS has been implicated as a contributing cause for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (1-3), suggesting that antioxidant defense mechanisms are overwhelmed in these conditions (2). L-glutamate and Aβ are two oxidative stressors widely used as in vitro models for studying mechanisms of neuronal damage associated with neurodegeneration. L-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) (4), is neurotoxic at high http://www.jbc. org/cgi/doi/10.1074/jbc.M114.567321 The latest version is at JBC Papers in Press. Published on July 18, 2014 as Manuscript M114.567321 Copyright 2014 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. by gest on M arch 4, 2020 hp://w w w . jb.org/ D ow nladed from by gest on M arch 4, 2020 hp://w w w . jb.org/ D ow nladed from Klotho protects neurons from oxidative stress
uNEARTHING ANTHRAX — APPLICATION Of GENOTYPING fOR EXPLORING A CRYPTIC LIfE CYCLE Of BACILLUS ANTHRACIS IN SOIL

Summary. Bacillus anthracis , the etiological agent of the zoonotic disease anthrax is a very monomorphic species. Typically, the epidemiology of anthrax outbreaks is investigated employing progressive hierarchical resolving assays using nucleic acids (PHRANA). For resolution of relationships of B. anthracis originating from a single animal this approach is not suited. In order to close this gap PHRANA can be amended with whole genome sequencing data and subsequent analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). Doing so, it was possible to resolve the genetic diversity of isolates from anthrax outbreaks in Sweden, Italy as well as of drug use-related infections in Europe. The Swedish outbreak was confined to a short time-period whereas the Italian anthrax foci were revisited for analysis ten years after the host animals have died. Data from the study in Italy contrast with the established view concerning a strict resting stage of B. anthracis in soil. This review discusses the plausibility that B. anthracis multiplies in a limited soil-borne life cycle after the spores have diffused to near the surface where the bacteria encounter favorable conditions in non-animal hosts or rhizosphere.
Modal Analysis of Conventional Gas Turbine Blade Materials (Udimet 500 and IN738) For Industrial Applications

Finite element method (FEM) was utilized to determine the natural frequency of two turbine blade materials applicable to Trans-amadi power plant in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Comparing the two gas turbine blade materials, the fundamental frequency under the same load condition was 751Hz for IN 738 and 896Hz for U500 turbine blade material. This implies that the natural frequencies obtained for both materials were much higher than the operational frequency of 85Hz for resonance to occur. Therefore, resonance would be delayed across the blade materials in service condition, indicating that gas turbine blades designed with both materials would be dynamically stable under operational frequency approaching 745Hz. It was observed that U500 gas turbine blade material which had a higher fundamental frequency has a better mechanical properties that can undergo a longer service condition in extreme working phase before failure compared to IN 738 material. This justification was deduced from the difference between the operational frequency and the fundamental frequency; as the closer the value obtained for fundamental frequency to the operational frequency, the higher the possibility of failure and vice versa. To avoid unforeseen failure and downtime in service operation, vibration test should be conducted on routine schedule in order to meet the expected performance of the gas turbine blade.
PSO Optimized Wideband LPDA Antenna with Non-Cross Feed Structure

An optimized design of Log Periodic Dipole Array (LPDA) antenna with non-cross feed structure is reported in this paper. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is utilized to reduce the size and enhance the bandwidth of proposed antenna. Proposed design employs an improved feed structure of non-cross feed array antenna to avoid complexity of conventional feeding with long coaxial line and creating Co Planar Waveguide (CPW) feed. A simple FR-4 substrate with thickness of 1 mm is utilized for simulation using CST. A fitness function based on S11 parameter is used to achieve the optimization goal. A prototype of proposed PSO optimized antenna is developed to validate the simulation results. The proposed antenna offers higher bandwidth and significantly smaller size than cross feed LPDA antennas, with less complexity and low cost through parameter optimization, while maintaining the log periodic nature and gain.
The Various Challenges Faced by the Software Startup Industry in Saudi Arabia

—With the increasing use of the Internet, Web and mobile technologies at present, software startups, which are newly created software companies with no history, have become an important phenomenon in the software industry. They have a wide impact on the technology market and a significant impact on the global economy. However, even with the increase in the importance of software startups for the economy and communities, little research has investigated the challenges of this phenomenon, especially with new software markets, such as the Saudi Arabia market. This study aimed to investigate the challenges faced by the software startup industry in Saudi Arabia. It presents a mixed-methodology study based on semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The findings of this study revealed a list of challenges that need to be considered in order to improve the industry for software startups. The lack of transparency and funding can be considered the biggest concern for software startups in Saudi Arabia.
Are Required for Transposition in Tobacco

The maize Suppressor-mutator (Spm) element encodes four alternatively spliced transcripts designated inpA, tnp6, tnpC, and tnpD. tnpA and tnp6 are monocistronic, whereas tnpC and tnpD are dicistronic, and the protein-coding sequences of each transcript overlap extensively with those of one or more of the other transcripts. We have analyzed the role of the Spm-encoded gene products in element transposition by using cDNAs with a single open reading frame to (1) complement Spm elements with frameshift mutations and (2) complement each other in a tobacco transposition assay. We report that whereas the tnpA and tnpD gene products are essential for transposition, the tnpS and tnpC gene products are not. We have analyzed the structure of empty donor sites, new insertion sites, and potential transposition intermediates. We discuss the implications of our findings for the mechanism of Spm transposition.
Cloning and characterization of a glutathione S-transferase homologue from the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea ‡

A gene was cloned from Botrytis cinerea that encodes a protein homologous to glutathione S-transferase (GST). The gene, denominated Bcgst 1, is present in a single copy and represents the first example of such a gene from a filamentous fungus. The biochemical function of GSTs is to conjugate toxic compounds to glutathione, thereby detoxifying the compound. In many other organisms, GST plays a role in chemical stress tolerance. We anticipated that GST functions for B. cinerea as a potential virulence factor, enabling the fungus to tolerate fungitoxic plant defence compounds. The expression of Bcgst 1 mRNA under various presumably stressful conditions was investigated. Bcgst 1 mRNA is expressed at a basal level in liquid cultures and is induced upon addition of hydrogen peroxide to the medium. The level of Bcgst 1 mRNA expression during infection of tomato leaves parallels the level of actin mRNA. The role of the Bcgst 1 gene in the virulence of Botrytis cinerea was evaluated by constructing gene disruption mutants. Three independent disruption mutants were obtained. The virulence of two mutants on tomato leaves was evaluated. Neither of the mutants showed a decrease in virulence, indicating that the Bcgst 1 gene is not essential for virulence on tomato leaves under the conditions tested.
Antimonide-based III-V multigate transistors

As Si CMOS technology advances, alternative channel materials are under extensive investigation to replace or augment Si in future generations of nanoelectronics. III-V compound semiconductors, such as InGaAs and InGaSb are promising candidates as channel materials for MOSFETs as a result of their extraordinary transport properties. In the past few years, rapid growth in the research of InGaAs n-channel multi-gate MOSFETs has taken place. However, progress in the InGaSb pchannel device research has remained stagnant. In this thesis, InGaSb multi-gate transistor technology has been pioneered and the first InGaSb FinFET has been demonstrated. Critical technological challenges for realizing InGaSb FinFETs have been overcome. First, a dry etching technique of heterostructures containing antimonide-based compounds has been developed. Etched fins and vertical nanowires show smooth, vertical sidewalls, high aspect ratio, and compatibility with the InGaAs system. Second, a novel antimonide-compatible digital etch technique has been developed which can improve fin sidewall quality and device performance. Lastly, ohmic contacts have been investigated to reduce the parasitic source-drain resistance. The developed contact system delivers a record low contact resistivity. With the integration of the newly developed technologies, InGaSb p-channel FinFETs are demonstrated for the first time. Three generations of InGaSb FinFETs are fabricated following an optimization path for device design and process technology. The most aggressively scaled InGaSb FinFETs, with a minimum fin width of 10 nm and channel height of 23 nm, have achieved a maximum transconductance per device footprint of 704 μS/μm, a record value for any existing antimonide-based p-channel FETs. In addition, the fabricated FinFETs have been electrically characterized, and device properties such as scaling behavior, impact of channel strain, and OFFstate leakage current have been studied. The work in this thesis has pushed significantly the stateof-the-art of antimonide-based electronic device technology. Thesis supervisor: Jesús A. del Alamo Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
The Self-Reinforcing Feedback Loop

Healthcare in the 18th and 19th centuries was primarily focused on infectious illnesses, such as smallpox, influenza, measles and polio. The development of the biomedical model (which specifically acknowledged that diseases could be explained by physical processes connected with injury, imbalance, or infection) represented a major advance in healthcare, facilitating the development improved hygiene practices, vaccines and antibiotics. In contrast to such historical healthcare priorities, in developed countries today, the major reasons for medical treatment and mortality are chronic illness and accidents (Catalbiano, Sarafino, & Byrne, 2008). Indeed, the current health priority areas in Australia are cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, mental health, obesity, injury prevention/control, arthritis/ musculoskeletal conditions and asthma (AIHW, 2011). The risk factors for these contemporary health priorities are not only physical, but include important and complex behavioural and social interactions. Therefore, a biopsychosocial approach (Fig 1) is required in the current healthcare climate, acknowledging the contribution of physical, behavioural and social factors to health (Catalbiano et al., 2008).
Growth sequences of finite groups V

Abstract A short and easy proof that the minimum number of generators of the nth direct power of a non-trival finite group of order s having automorphism group of order a is more than logsn + logsa, n > 1. On the other hand, for non-abelian simple G and large n, d(Gn) is within 1 + e of logsn + logsa.
Improving the Quality of Clustered texts based on Distance Metrics

Manual analysis of this unstructured textual data is impractical, and as a result, numerous text mining methods are being developed to automate the process of analyzing this unstructured data. The stringent distance metrics technique used in the paper to increases the accuracy of the clusters formed with lesser execution time and lesser memory usage. This work has provided an overview of clustering and the factors to check and measure the quality of clustered texts. This work has showcased two distance measure namely Hamming and Levenshtein to edit and modify the misspelled strings present in the extracted files and also reduction factor metric is measured to improve the quality of clusters
Graded Reliance Based Routing Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper Graded Reliance based routing algorithm is proposed to deal with defective nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN’s). The algorithm is intended to validated or build evidence that, by dynamically learning from previous experience and adapting the changes in the operational environment the application performance can be maximized and also enhance operative agility. Quality of service and social network measures are used to evaluate the confidence score of the sensor node. A dynamic model-based analysis is formulated for best reliance composition, aggregation, and formation to maximize routing performance. The results indicate that reliance based routing approaches yields better performance in terms of message delivery ratio and message delay without incurring substantial message overhead