Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Simple and Efficient Quasi-3D Magnetic Equivalent Circuit for Surface Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

This paper presents a simple and efficient magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) model for surface axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines. The MEC model is used to solve all the electromagnetic properties of the machine including the no load, full load voltages, cogging torque, torque ripple, and stator iron core losses. Moreover, this approach can be extended for all surface permanent magnet synchronous machines. The main novelty of this approach is the development of a static system, which accounts for the rotation. The model takes into account the rotor rotation via time-dependent permanent magnet magnetization sources. The static system matrix facilitates a very fast solving. In addition, to take into account the three-dimensional (3-D) effect, a multislicing of the machine in the radial direction is done. This boosts the simulation time to only 60 s for six slices and 50 time steps including the nonlinear behavior of the stator elements with a great accuracy. Additionally, the number of elements in the MEC can be adjusted to reduce the computational time. This model is verified by means of 3-D and two-dimensional (2-D) multislice finite-element models. In addition, experimental validations are also provided at the end.
Management of Educational Needs of Employees in the Electronics Industry Using English e-Learning Website Programs

This chapter explores whether customer satisfaction is achieved by English e-learning websites by investigating the views of the employees of Taiwanese electronics corporations who have taken English e-learning training courses. The service quality model of Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry and the technology acceptance model (TAM) were adopted to examine their satisfaction levels. First, in order to provide indicators for per- ceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) in the TAM, five elements of intangible service quality were utilized, namely reliability, assurance, tangibles, empa- thy, and responsiveness, indicated in the SERVQUAL model. Second, in order to measure PEOU, PU, and behavioral intention to use under the TAM, a survey was distributed among electronics industry workers at Taiwan’s Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park. The survey data yielded the following key findings: the users’ PU was significantly influ - enced by PEOU, tangibles, and responsiveness; their PEOU was significantly impacted by assurance, tangibles, and reliability; their PU and behavioral intention to use were significantly influenced by PEOU; their system usage and behavioral intention to use were significantly influenced by PU; and their system usage was significantly impacted by their behavioral intention to use. Overall, the study proposed 13 hypotheses, of which 10 were supported.
Oxidative Stress Protection by Canary Seed (Phalaris canariensis L.) Peptides in Caco-2 Cells and Caenorhabditis elegans

During oxidative stress, degenerative diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s, and certain cancers are likely to develop. Recent research on canary seed (Phalaris canariensis) peptides has demonstrated the high in vitro antioxidant potential. Thus, this study aimed to assess the cellular and in vivo antioxidant capacity of a low-molecular-weight (<3 kDa) canary seed peptide fraction (CSPF) using Caco-2 cells and the Caenorhabditis elegans model. The results show that the CSPF had no cytotoxicity effect on Caco-2 cells at any tested concentration (0.3–2.5 mg/mL). Additionally, the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) of the CSPF was concentration-dependent, and the highest activity achieved was 80% by the CSPF at 2.5 mg/mL. Similarly, incubation with the CSPF significantly mitigated the acute and chronic oxidative damage, extending the lifespan of the nematodes by 88 and 61%, respectively. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the CSPF reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to safe levels after sub-lethal doses of pro-oxidant paraquat. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the CSPF increased the expression of oxidative-stress-response-related gene GST-4. Overall, these results show that the CSPFs relied on GST-4 upregulation and scavenging of free radicals to confer oxidative stress protection and suggest that a CSPF can be used as a natural antioxidant in foods for health applications.
The Use of Endo-Cellulase and Endo-Xylanase for the Extraction of Apple Pectins as Factors Modifying Their Anticancer Properties and Affecting Their Synergy with the Active Form of Irinotecan

Pectin constitutes an essential component of dietary fiber. Modified pectins from various sources possess potent anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, two pectins isolated from apple pomace by Trichoderma enzyme treatment, PX (with endo-xylanase) and PCX (with both endo-cellulase and endo-xylanase), were studied in colon cancer cell lines (HCT 116, Caco-2, and HT-29). Both pectins reduced colon cancer cell viability, induced apoptosis, and increased intracellular amounts of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, synergy between pectin and an active form of irinotecan, SN-38, in all aspects mentioned above, was discovered. This drug is a common component of cytotoxic combinations recommended as treatment for colon cancer patients. PX and PCX demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. Interaction of apple pectins with galectin-3 and Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) was suggested to be responsible for their anticancer and anti-inflammatory effect. Since PCX was more active than PX in almost all experiments, the role of the enzyme used to obtain the pectin for its biological activity was discussed. It was concluded that co-operation between both enzymes was needed to obtain the molecule of the most beneficial properties. The low molecular mass of PCX together with a high proportion of rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) regions seemed to be crucial for its superior activity.
Induction motor speed control using reduced-order model

ABSTRACT Induction machines have a highly nonlinear model with only partial state information. The unavailability of all states and the presence of unknown disturbances make controller design and proving closed-loop stability challenging tasks. In this paper, we present a control scheme for induction motor speed control using a reduced, second-order model. The model greatly simplifies the control structure and its stability analysis. Current and speed measurements are used while the unknown flux and load torque are estimated using observers. The closed-loop stability of the observer-based control structure is established using Lyapunov's analysis. Simulation studies carried out on a 50 HP induction motor driven by a three-phase inverter show that the proposed controller achieves good speed control for both the regulation and tracking test cases under unknown disturbance.
LAYERS: A Decision-Support Tool to Illustrate and Assess the Supply and Value Chain for the Energy Transition

Climate change mitigation strategies are developed at international, national, and local authority levels. Technological solutions such as renewable energies (RE) and electric vehicles (EV) have geographically widespread knock-on effects on raw materials. In this paper, a decision-support and data-visualization tool named “LAYERS” is presented, which applies a material flow analysis to illustrate the complex connections along supply chains for carbon technologies. A case study focuses on cobalt for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) required for EVs. It relates real business data from mining and manufacturing to actual EV registrations in the UK to visualize the intended and unintended consequences of the demand for cobalt. LAYERS integrates a geographic information systems (GIS) architecture, database scheme, and whole series of stored procedures and functions. By means of a 3D visualization based on GIS, LAYERS conveys a clear understanding of the location of raw materials (from reserves, to mining, refining, manufacturing, and use) across the globe. This highlights to decision makers the often hidden but far-reaching geo-political implications of the growing demands for a range of raw materials that are needed to meet long-term carbon-reduction targets.
“It’s not pronounced Mahna-mahna”: Creating a hands-on activity to teach first-year engineers about pressure measurement

Chemistry is a fundamental course that all first-year engineering students must take. However, many students cannot make the connection between the material learnt in class and their growing understanding of engineering. This is exasperated in the Mechatronics program at the University of Waterloo which does not have any physical labs but focuses heavily on analysis. To address this issue, the authors developed a short 90-minute activity which the entire class completed during an open-ended design event. This activity had students experience basic lab practices and gain a further understanding of pressure measurement, and the course materia
Evaluation of LTE downlink transmission quality in presence of selected disturbances in radio channel

The goal of this paper is to evaluate quality of the downlink transmission in the LTE system The main parameter of signal transmission correctness is BER value. Transmission reliability depends on many factors – the most significant are type of propagation channel and level of noise or interference from other systems. These factors were taken into consideration for performed simulation experiments in order to determine the transmission reliability indicators like BER and SNIR for selected parameters of radio channel and LTE frame configuration. Streszczenie. Artykuł przedstawia symulacyjną ocenę jakości transmisji łącza “w dół” (downlink) w systemie LTE. Jako parametry jakościowe przyjęte zostały współczynnik BER określający stopę błędów transmisji oraz parametr SNIR (Signal to Noise plus Interference Ratio). Na jakość transmisji ma wpływ bardzo wiele parametrów spośród których w artykule uwzględnione zostały typ kanału propagacyjnego oraz poziom szumu i interferencji od innych systemów. (Ocena jakości transmisji w łączu w dół w sieci LTE w obecności wybranych zakłóceń kanału radiowego).
Assessment of the Level of Anxiety for COVID-19 Vaccinations

Research published especially in the last decade indicates the influence of anxiety on the human decision-making process. This study analyzes the anxiety among individuals who decided to undergo vaccinations for COVID-19. The study assesses that the level of education, especially medical education, age, and gender, had an influence on the level of anxiety in terms of vaccination situations. The STAI self-assessment questionnaire was used. The study was conducted anonymously using the paper-pencil method during two rounds of vaccination; therefore, the respondent sample included mainly medical personnel and elderly people. A total of 898 questionnaires were issued. Age did not affect the trait and state of anxiety, but highly educated people tested during vaccination had a lower anxiety level. Gender had no influence on the trait but did influence the state of anxiety. Overall, women were the group that exhibited a higher level of anxiety than men. Nurses were particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of situational medication in this group.
Simulation Research on Hydraulic Support Based Virtual Prototyping

To overcome limitations of current designs of hydraulic supports based on conventional physical prototype, we propose a virtual prototyping based design mode for hydraulic supports. In this study, a 3D numerical model of hydraulic support was established by numerical simulations and stress distributions on hydraulic support were investigated. Also, motion simulation and interference detection of the working process of hydraulic supports were involved. The results indicated that the proposed hydraulic support based virtual prototyping is viable and the simulation results are consistent with practical working conditions of hydraulic supports. Indeed, virtual prototyping can improve the design method and reduce the design period. This study facilitates optimized design of hydraulic supports, thus providing references for industrial applications. Keywords—virtual prototype, hydraulic support, simulation
Supervised Learning Approach for Explicit Spatial Filtering of Speech

Spatial filtering of speech based on neural networks (NNs) has been widely studied. However, existing approaches focus on improving signal extraction or separation performance, and how to define the signal in the direction-of-interest (DOI) for spatial filtering has not been investigated in detail. This study proposes a method to train NNs for extracting directional components of speech signals in the DOI. To this end, we formulate the problem by defining the DOI and its corresponding desired signal in a reverberant environment. Moreover, we demonstrate an on-the-fly training data generation procedure to feed the spatially diverse data to train the NNs. The proposed method was evaluated with regard to spatial speech extraction and localization performance. In particular, it has been confirmed that the NNs trained with the proposed method using simulated datasets also functions for real recordings.
A Split-Ring Resonator-Based Planar Microwave Sensor for Microfluidic Applications

This paper demonstrates a high-sensitivity microwave microfluidic sensor for retrieving the liquid permittivity. To increase the sensitivity and notch depth, the equivalent circuit model of split-ring resonator (SRR) structure is analyzed. Then, the interdigital capacitor structure (IDC) and defected ground structure (DGS) are introduced. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) block is placed above sensing area to realize microfluidic channel, which completely covers interdigital gap and makes full use of strong electric field. Ethanol-water mixed solution is injected into the channel as the measured liquid. The effective permittivity of the channel is thereby changed to affect the resonance frequency, which is used to detect the liquid sample. Our proposed sensor achieved an average sensitivity of 1.461% using very small liquid sample volume about $0.68\ \mu \mathrm{L}$, and the values extracted from the prototype are in good agreement with the actual data. The average sensitivity is defined as the average of the frequency shift per unit permittivity at each ethanol fraction.
Use of Thermography in Clinical and Sports Evaluations of Equine Animals: A review

Thermography in equine medicine is applied in the prevention, diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, as it can detect changes in peripheral blood flow. It can also act in the treatment by monitoring the instituted therapy. Skin infrared imaging thermometry is a method that detects, records, and produces images reflecting the microcirculatory dynamics of the skin surface in real time. The technique emerged from the studies of Hippocrates and has since gone through several advances, reaching significant milestones in the period of World War II, when it was effectively used in the tank's night vision system. In the 1970s, there was a big leap when it was possible to generate an image in five minutes. Several scientific studies point out its functionality both in human medicine and veterinary medicine with precision and practicality. It has been applied in equine sports medicine to clinical practice to assess musculoskeletal injuries as an indicator of physiological stress, assess resistance, be part of the anti-doping program of the International Equestrian Federation. It is an easy to apply, safe, and affordable method It proves to be an excellent non-invasive diagnostic method for athlete horses.
Sentiment Analysis in Healthcare: Motives, Challenges & Opportunities pertaining to Machine Learning

Sentiment analysis has been increasingly popular in the present digital era which attempts to analyse the consumer reviews acquired from websites, blogs and social media platforms. The rich textual information contained data sources, thus understood as consumers’ reviews are very important to any particular domain as businesses are able to improve themselves in several aspects. This paper focuses on empirical research on sentiment analysis or opinion mining in the healthcare domain. With the careful analysis of all the relevant techniques, the sentiment analysis has secured the leading position in making vital business decisions. It outlines crucial topics pertaining to the sentiment analysis such as the motivation for using sentiment analysis, vital sentiment analysis techniques, new opportunities produced by the analysis, the challenges, and pertinent future directions. It also discusses the relevant data mining techniques and machine learning algorithms involved in the sentiment analysis in the healthcare domain. The study concludes by discussing the main future emphasis of the sentiment analysis in-terms of processing the medical documents to have a better understanding of the medical service consumers.
A Case Study on Identifying Software Development Lifecycle and Process Framework

This paper analyzes and determines which software development lifecycle and process framework would be appropriate in the following case studies: Microsoft office business unit, Denver Baggage, Avionics development, and Department of Transportation. The analysis for decision takes into consideration the stakeholders involved, the targeted audience, technology, business drivers, culture, time/schedule, resources, scope, and quality.
Enhanced Voltage Control of Bipolar DC Distribution System Based on Modulus Decomposition

There is a coupling between the positive and negative poles of a bipolar dc distribution system, which makes the control of power converters influence mutually. It is difficult to calculate the control parameters of the positive and negative control loop independently. In this article, the modal conversion is introduced into PI control and voltage droop control of the bipolar dc distribution system. Then, the mathematical models of bipolar dc converter, dc lines, and dc loads in modal component space are deduced. Thus, the common-mode and differential-mode decoupling equivalent models are built for the bipolar dc distribution system. The coupling relationship between the common-mode and differential-mode equivalent circuit when the positive and negative loads are balanced and unbalanced is analyzed. The transfer functions from the common-mode and differential-mode duty ratios of the positive and negative power converters to the output voltage are deduced. Finally, the applications of modulus decomposition in the control of parameter design are analyzed based on PI control and voltage droop control. Moreover, a simulation model of the bipolar dc distribution system is built in MATLAB/Simulink and a low-voltage experimental platform is established to verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.
Dual-Band Fixed-Frequency Beam-Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna for Large-Frequency-Ratio Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Applications

A dual-band fixed-frequency beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) operating in C and Ka bands is presented in this article, exhibiting a large-frequency-ratio property. A microstrip line (MSL) is employed on the top layer to feed the patches operating in the low-frequency band, and an air-filled low-loss gap waveguide (GW) is introduced at the bottom of the antenna to feed the patches operating in the high-frequency band. By changing the biasing states of the soldered p-i-n diodes, the operation states of all the radiating patches for the low and high bands can be switched between on and off. Then, based on the holography theory, the hologram is generated on the radiating aperture of the LWA, which can be manipulated to produce expected radiation, and hence, the dual-band fixed-frequency beam-scanning property is realized. In addition, the presented antenna is fabricated and measured for validations. Good agreement can be found between the simulated and measured results, with a peak realized gain of 8.9 dBi at 4.85 GHz and 17.2 dBi at 27 GHz, showing a desirable dual-band operation ability with large frequency ratio. Scanning ranges of 100° are achieved in both bands, demonstrating that the developed antenna has great potentials to large-frequency-ratio microwave and millimeter-wave applications.
Providing Trusted Datafeeds to the Blockchain

—On the blockchain, smart contracts are specialized code that enforces logic on demand. To be able to provide complex services, these programs need information from outside the blockchain. Services that provide a general way of querying the internet from within a blockchain are called oracles. Oracles guarantee the authenticity of the provided data. Current oracle solutions provide these guarantees by combining information provided by multiple parties, dedicated hardware, or by providing cryptographic proofs that can be veriﬁed outside the blockchain. This thesis aims to examine public veriﬁable datafeeds on the blockchain and the gas-efﬁciency of possible solution. We proposes NAME, an oracle service that uses general cryptographic signatures to enable public on-chain veriﬁcation of the provided data, and shows how NAME can be used in decentralized applications. NAME combines a blockchain interface with a software back-end to fetch Internet resources and serve the fetched data, along with a signature, to relying smart contracts. A formal speciﬁcation of NAME using TLA+ is included to verify the design. Experiments conducted on the Ethereum platform to test the gas-efﬁciency of signature schemes show that Elliptic Curve signatures have the lowest gas cost and that BGLS signature veriﬁcation on the EVM is too expensive to beneﬁt from the reduced signature size.
Evaluation of Ground Currents in a PV System with High Frequency Modeling

In this work a high frequency model of a photovoltaic (PV) plant is identified and implemented aiming to investigate the common mode (CM) currents circulating through the ground connections of the plant. From the identification of the impedance obtained by frequency response of photovoltaic module and by a suitable of the power conversion unit, an equivalent high frequency circuit representation has been developed. The lumped parameter s circuit model is implemented in PSpice environment to obtain the CM leakage currents.
Measuring the Enterprise Green Innovation Strategy Decision-Making Quality: A Moderating—Mediating Model

Green development helps to balance the conflict between economic expansion, environmental protection, and green strategy decisions by tackling the issue of excessive resource utilization during regional growth. This study aims to measure the green innovation strategic decisions quality by identifying the nexus between board capital, green innovation strategic information acquisition capability, and board group Faultline. A conceptual model has been proposed and tested to verify the proposed relationship. Data collection was analyzed using structural equation modeling in AMOS 24.0. The findings indicate that board human capital (BHC) and board social capital (BSC) have a beneficial influence on the quality of green innovation strategy decision-making. The green innovation strategic information acquisition capability plays a mediating role in the relationship between the two dimensions of board capital and the green innovation strategy decision-making quality. The mediating role of green innovation strategic information acquisition capability is moderated by board group Faultline. The core significance of this study is presented.