Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
 Reduction of Leakage Power in CMOS circuits (Gates) using LC nMOS Technique

_______________ Abstract - Leakage Power is the major problem in digital circuits. There are various techniques to reduce the leakage power technique. One technique discussed in this paper. We propose a technique called LCnMOS for designing logic gates which significantly cuts down the leakage current without increasing the dynamic power dissipation. LCnMOS, a technique to tackle the leakage problem in logic gate circuits, uses single additional leakage control transistor, driven by the output from the pull up and pull down networks, which is placed in a path from pull down network to ground which provides the additional resistance thereby reducing the leakage current in the path from supply to ground. All the performance has been investigated using 90nm and 180nm Technology at 1 voltage and evaluated by the comparison of the simulation result obtain from TSPICE.
Intrusion Detection over Networking KDD Dataset using Enhance Mining Algorithm

: The intrusion detection systems (IDSs) generate large number of alarms most of which are false positives. Fortunately, there are reasons for triggering alarms where most of these reasons are not attacks. In this research, a rule based technique which is the enhancement of genetic algorithm has been developed. For this, The networking data and intrusion over the data is find to extract to recognize various entities into it. Data mining and its algorithm to process, data extraction, and data analysis is an important phase to monitor the features in it. Intrusion detection process follows the clustering and classification technique to monitor the data flow in it. In this paper our investigation is about to observe available algorithm for the intrusion detection. Algorithm such as Genetic, SVM etc have been processed over KDD cup 10% of dataset which contain 41 attributes and large number of data availability. Here our experiment also conclude that the proposed feature extraction algorithm outperform as best than the existing algorithm with computation parameter such as precision, recall and its accuracy.
A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING APPROACH ON TOURISM MEGA EVENT OF TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE AND CUSTOMER VALUE IN BELITUNG, INDONESIA

Exploitation of mega event, such as solar eclipse event, in tourism is not a new phenomenon. Many places have been exploited to attract tourists to look at natural events. By using 105 data with random sampling method, this study aims to prove that the total solar eclipse as a mega tourism event is able to provide a positive value to the value of consumer travel. The results show that there are positive effect of mega events on aesthetic experience of tourists. Moreover, the result also show that aesthetic experience is able to influence the consumer value. This result provide an impetus for the policy maker and stakeholder of tourism in Belitung to manage the tourist area as well as natural event to be able to give impression of a unique and exciting values as driving forces to shape visitor experience.
The Study of Safe-Level SMOTE Method in Unbalanced Data Classification

— Class imbalanced data is a condition that the number of observations in one class is much greater than the other class. SMOTE method was known as a pioneer in dealing with balanced data issues. One of the methods which inspired by SMOTE is safe-level SMOTE. This study examines the safe-level SMOTE method by applying it to the various types of simulation data which built on the proportion of data imbalances, the number of nearest neighbors, and the position of minority to the majority data on the scatter plot diagram. There were three basic positions of minority to the majority data, such as separated, intersected, and overlaid. The research conclusions were obtained based on paired t-test for F-measure which generated by the prediction process using radial basis kernel SVM. The results showed that in the some kind of unpartitioned minority class instances, such as intersected and overlaid, safe-level SMOTE had a better performance than SMOTE method generally. In contrast, when the minority class instances were separated to the majority class then the both methods had a same performance. In the case of partitioned minority class instances, when the the greater proportion of minority class instances were positioned to be intersected or overlaid to the majority class instances, safe-level SMOTE method showed a better performance than SMOTE method. When the greater proportion of minority class instances were positioned separatedly to the majority class instances then the decisions to accept H0 were increasing.
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSEWEAPON TECHNOLOGY ALONG WITH EMP SHIELDING AND DETECTION METHODOLOGY

In the high technology condition, the weapon safety and survive capability is severely threatened by the complicated and changeable electromagnetic environment, especially for the electromagnetic field produced by HPM and ESD high rise current pulse. Electronic devices are gradually sensitive to the high electromagnetic pulse as the reducing characteristic size, increasing integrated degree, reducing power consumption ,increasing working band and so on. It’s significant to study the damage and failure mechanism of electronic devices under high power electromagnetic field (HPEM) either for the civilian use or for the military application. The damage effect of typical electronic devices including diode, transistor, and digital integrated circuits under lightning surge pulse and nano-second square pulse is studied in this article. The damage law of various electronic devices under different pulse width is obtained, and the damage and failure mechanism of each device under different pulse power is analyzed, and some defending suggestion is proposed in the end of the article.
Production and Evaluation of a New Recombinant Cloning Vector for the Clostridium novyi Type B Vaccine Strain Alpha Toxin Gene

Clostridium novyi is a rod-shaped, gram-positive, obligate anaerobic, motile and spore-forming bacterium, which is widely distributed in the environment. C. novyi is subdivided to 4 groups (A to D); based on 4 produced major toxin types (alpha, beta, epsilon and gamma). Alpha (α) toxin is the major toxin of the C. novyi A and B types which causes Black disease, Gas gangrene and Infectious Necrotic Hepatitis. The purpose of the present study was to clone and sequence C. novyi vaccine strain alpha toxin gene. The genomic DNA was extracted using phenol-chloroform procedure. Alpha toxin sequence was taken from GenBank and using Oligo software appropriate primers were designed. With the use of PCR and proof reading enzymes, α toxin gene was amplified and ligated into pJET1.2blunt vector. The ligation product was transformed using E. coli/TOP10 and the recombinant clones were chosen from on LB-AMP. Finally, recombinant gene containing plasmid was extracted from bacterium host and sequenced. The results of sequencing showed a high identity to those of alpha toxin genes registered in GenBank previously. Considering the novelty of cloning and expression of Clostridium novyi alpha toxin gene in E. coli in Iran, the results of this study can lead to recombinant vaccine production.
Exploring Topic Sensitivity and Managers' Likelihood to Participate in Internet Surveys: A Research Note

This study explores the relationship between sensitivity and topic importance to a manager and the likelihood of participation in an Internet-based survey on such topics. An Internet-based survey of business managers in Italy was conducted to measure sensitivity of 12 typical survey topics, the personal importance of each topic to a manager, and the manager’s likelihood of participation in a survey of each of a subset of five topics from the total. Findings suggest that managers are most likely to participate in surveys about topics that are personally important to them, even when such topics are perceived as being sensitive.
Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of BacteriaIsolated from Semen of Male Patients withInfertility Attending Murtala Muhammad SpecialistHospital Kano, Nigeria

The emergence of bacterial antimicrobial resistance has made the choice of empirical therapy more difficult and expensive [1]. Hence there is need for regular screening of organisms causing various infections and to characterize their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics at the hospital, regional, national and global levels to guide the clinicians to select a relevant antimicrobial for empirical treatment of infections. Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contraception couple to achieve spontaneous pregnancy in one year. About 15% of couples do not achieve pregnancy within one year and seek medical treatment for infertility [2]. One in eight couples encounters problems in attempting to conceive a first child and one in six when attempting to conceive a subsequent child. Both sexes are more or less equally involved in infertility problem [3]. Men either alone or along with theirfemale partners, contribute to 40–45% cases of infertility[4]. Furthermore, infectious aetiology involving bacteria, virus, fungi, and protozoa contribute to 15% of male factor infertility [5].
Int. J. Biosci

The aim of the study was to investigate the associations of HG gene polymorphism on chicken growth and body composition traits in Arian broilers. Blood samples randomly collected before slaughter from four different commercial Arian broiler lines (A, B, C and D; 400 samples) at 6 weeks of age. Genomic DNA was extracted and a fragment of 776 bp in size amplified using PCR-RFLP method. To determine the restriction site in intron 1 of GH gene of the animals, the MspI endonuclease and the resultant digested products were run on 2% agarose gel studied. Birds were slaughtered at 6 weeks of age and body composition was determined. The treatment of the fragment at GH loci with MspI restriction enzyme was revealed A1, A2 and A3 alleles. According to the results, recorded allele was: A1 allele (414, 217, 125 bp); A2 allele (125, 147, 237, 267 bp) and for allele A3 (237, 539 bp), respectively. The comparison of least square means of different genotypes indicated that polymorphism in the GH gene was significantly associated with body weight, tsmurd kci weight and percentage of drumstick weight at 6 weeks of age (P<0.05). According to the results, HG genes could be candidate gene that can affect some body composition traits in Arian broiler chickens. * Corresponding Author: Ali Asghari Ghelghachi  ali.asghari14@yahoo.com International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 3, No. 12, p. 216-220, 2013
VIDEO BASED EMOTION RECOGNITION

The objective of Video based Emotion Recognition System is to recognize the emotions such as normal, happy and anger from the facial expression images in the video. The face and mouth regions are detected using Viola Jones algorithm for each frame in the video. Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) features are extracted from the mouth region and it is used to train the Support Vector Machine. The Support Vector Machine is used to classify the emotion in the test video. Experimental results show that GLCM and LBP based emotion recognition system archives an accuracy of % and %, respectively.
Using Genetic Algorithm for Whole Test suite Generation of Object Oriented Programs

— In Software testing there is a great demand for the automation of test cases. The test cases are either generated before coding using software specifications or after coding using program execution traces. Many genetic algorithms have been proposed for procedural programming but they do not suit well for object oriented programming. This is because in object oriented programs the object relationship exists and considering them is important for the generation of best test suite. We propose a method to generate test suites for object oriented programs using genetic algorithm by considering the object-relationships and their dependencies such as polymorphism, message passing and inheritance that exists among them. The key feature of our proposed technique is that the test suites are evolved as a whole instead of generating one test case for each coverage goal. To investigate the effectiveness of our approach we have used a java program of Chocolate Vending machine as the source code and few test cases have been relatively developed to evaluate the fittest test suite with maximum coverage. We have applied our technique in the EVOSUITE tool to determine the efficiency of our approach. Our results indicate that the use of genetic algorithm in Test case Generation is beneficial than the traditional approach of targeting single branches.
Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Based Intention Prediction

— In this paper, a survey of need to generate an intention prediction model of user interactions with systems is introduced which includes personal aspects, such as user characteristics, that can increase prediction accuracy. The model can be developed that is automatically trained according to the user’s fixed attributes (e.g., demographic data such as age and gender) and the user’s sequences of actions in the system. The generated model has a tree structure. Based on previous work done that also indicate the capability of the proposed method to discover the correct user intention model and increasing intention prediction accuracy compared with single HMM or CRF models.
SPINAL ANAESTHESIA VERSUS GENERAL ANAESTHESIA FOR APAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for cholelithiasis. The objective of this study was to compare the possibility of performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia. METHODS: Between July 2014 and September 2015, 68 patients with symptoms of cholelithiasis were included in this study. Patients with physical status ASA I and II were randomly divided to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy with low-tension pneumoperitoneum with CO2 under general anesthesia (n = 33) or spinal anesthesia (n = 35). Propofol, fentanyl, rocuronium, sevoflurane, and tracheal intubation were used for general anesthesia. Hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg, and fentanyl 20 pg to achieve a sensorial level of T3 were used for the spinal anesthesia. Intraoperative parameters, postoperative pain, complications, recovery, patient satisfaction, and cost were compared between both groups. RESULTS: All surgical procedures were completed with the chosen method and spinal anesthesia was converted to general anesthesia only in one patient. Pain was significantly lower at 2, 4, and 6 hours after the procedure under spinal anesthesia. The cost of the spinal anesthesia was significantly lower than that of the general anesthesia. All patients were discharged after 24 hours. In the postoperative evaluation, all patients were satisfied with the spinal anesthesia and would recommend this procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with low-pressure pneumoperitoneum with CO2 can be safely performed under spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was associated with an extremely low level of postoperative pain, better recovery, and lower cost than general anesthesia. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 6.805 Volume 5, Issue 5, 160-170. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105 *Corresponding Author Hussein Munaf Ismail Head of Anesthesia Department at al Karkh
A Survey on EEG Based Emotion Analysis using various Feature Extraction Techniques

— in this paper, analysis the human emotions of EEG (Electroencephalogram) with different incidents. The different feature extraction methods like DWT, HOC, STFT, SB are used to extract the particular emotion related features and classify those emotions using various classify methods like NN, SVM, KNN, LDA. The emotions are classified into different group like arousal (positive and negative) valence (calm and excite). Based on these emotions group we have to analysis the performance and accuracy for the classification.
Modular Arithmetic in RSA Cryptography

Faster implementations of public-key cryptography and in particular of RSA are of uttmost importance nowadays. Performing fast modular multiplication for large integers is of special interest because it provides the basis for performing fast modular exponentiation, which is the key operation of the RSA cryptosystem. Currently, it seems that in a radix representation, all major performance improvements have been achieved. Nevertheless, the use of Residue Number System(RNS) proves to be a promising alternative for achieving a breakthrough. All these aspects are detailed throughout this research paper. Also presents an overview of the RSA cryptosystem, followed by a short proof of why the encryption-decryption mechanism works. With considerations regarding the employed key-sizes and with an example of a small RSA cryptosystem.
Conceptual Study of OFDM-Coding, PAPR Reduction, Channel Estimation

At present for high data rate transmission, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) which is one of multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques offers a considerable spectral efficiency; multipath delay spread tolerance, immunity to the frequency selective fading channels and power efficiency. As a result, OFDM has widely been deployed in many wireless communication standards such as Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB). In using turbo codes for OFDM performance can be sufficiently improved as seen in LTE standard systems. One of the challenging issues for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system is its high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR). In this paper we present turbo coded OFDM systems, its channel estimation scheme and methods for reducing PAPR in the system.
Impulse Noise Suppression Techniques in Digital Images: A Review

-Impulse noise is the most common noise present in digital images. Removal of impulse noise from the images is a difficult task in image processing. Impulse noise occurs in images during the process of image transmission and image acquisition. Many noise removal techniques have been proposed, each having its own respective advantages and disadvantages. These noise removal techniques must be designed in order to achieve mainly low computational cost, less hardware complexity and the design must be very suitable for real time applications. This paper presents a brief literature survey of different techniques of suppression of impulse noise.
Polyhydroxyalkanoate Producing Novel Bacillus sp., SKM11 isolated from Polluted Pond Water

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a family of bio polyesters synthesized by many types of bacteria as carbon and energy reserve materials, Anderson AJ et al (1990). PHA can be divided into three classes depending on the number of carbon atoms in their monomer units; shortchain-length (SCL), medium-chain-length (MCL) and longchain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (LCLPHAs), composed by hydroxyacids. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) represent a large family of intracellular bacterial storage polyesters with wide range of material properties permitting applications as biodegradable and biocompatible thermoplastics and elastomers, Guo-Qiang Chen (2011). PHA combine properties of thermal processibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility and sustainability, they have attracted attention from fermentation, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 6 (2015) pp. 1159-1165 http://www.ijcmas. com
Reconfiguring of antenna is achieved through changing its frequency, polarization or radiation characteristics by using Radio-Frequency Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (RF-MEMS), PIN Diodes, Varactors and FETs [1-7].Even though they have slow switching speed, unlike the other switching devices, RF 

414 Abstract RF MEMS switches can be used to achieve reconfigurability of various RF systems and in particular, that of miniaturized antenna structures. In the case of micromachined antennas, which involve low voltage signals, RF MEMS switches with low actuation voltage are required for achieving reconfigurability . The capacitive shunt switch derives its switching property from the significant difference of its capacitance in the up-state and down-state. The actuation voltage of RF MEMS switches mainly depends on the spring constant of the switch membrane. In this paper, a low actuation voltage capacitive shunt switch suitable to be used along with micromachined antennas, is presented . A process flow for the fabrication is designed and simulated using Intellisuite . The electromechanical analysis results are presented and compared with that of a fixedfixed flexure based switch membrane to establish the low actuation voltage characteristics of the proposed design.
REVIEW OF BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES USED FOR ATM SECURITY

-Biometric recognition refers to an automatic recognition of individuals based on a feature vector(s) derived from their physiological and/or behavioral characteristic. In order to deal with security, Authentication plays an important role. Biometric recognition systems should provide a reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual. Applications of such a system include computer systems security, secure electronic banking, mobile phones, credit cards, secure access to buildings, health and social services. By using biometrics a person could be identified based on "who she/he is" rather than "what she/he has" (card, token, key) or "what she/he knows" (password, PIN). We have also outlined opinions about the usability of biometric authentication systems, limitation, comparison between different techniques and their advantages and disadvantages in this paper. Present study deals with new innovative model for biometric ATMs which replace card system by biometric technology for operating ATMs. Proposed model provides high security in authentication which also protects service user from unauthorized access. In this proposed model user required to authenticate himself with biometric identification (Thumb/ Fingerprint/Iris etc.), Personal Identity Number (PIN) and selection of bank branch from displayed list if necessary. These ATMs talk’s to the Farmer in their local languages. This proposed model is designed for the rural farmers, semi-literate peoples. This model reduces complexity with authentication as “authentication is always with you” with high security. It also saves time, cost, and efforts compared with card based ATMs and also saves environmental pollution problem of excess number of plastic cards.
Identity-Based Key Distribution for Wireless Sensor Networks using Cryptographic Techniques

: Wireless sensor networks are being deployed for a wide variety of applications. It is an important challenge to find out practical security protocols for wireless sensor networks due to limitation of power, computation and storage resources. Symmetric key techniques are attractive due to their energy efficiency. But the drawbacks of symmetric key techniques are evident in terms of key management and security. Public key infrastructure is considered to be not suitable to provide security for wireless sensor networks because of complexity. But some studies on elliptic curves cryptography indicate that algorithm based on this kind of cryptography could be a potential choice. Fortunately, a practical identity-based cryptography is proposed recently, which gives a possibility to employ elliptic curves cryptography in wireless sensor networks. Compared with the traditional asymmetric and symmetric key techniques, the distinguishing characteristic of identity-based encryption is the ability to use any string as a public key, for example, an email address, a name, etc. Based on the Boneh-Franklin IBE algorithms, we proposed an identity-based key distribution and encryption scheme for wireless sensor networks. Analysis shows that our scheme has some advantages in terms of key management, storage requirement and security. The large number of new applications for wireless sensor networks has lead to unprecedented growth of wireless sensor networks.