Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interfacial area and liquid-side volumetric mass transfer coefficient in a downflow bubble column

An experimental investigation was made to measure interfacial area, a, and liquid-side volumetric mass transfer coefficient, k L a, in a downflow bubble column by chemical methods viz., absorbing CO 2 in aqueous sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate/bicarbonate buffer solution respectively. The effect of gas and liquid flowrate and nozzle sizes on a and k L a were investigated. The experimental data obtained in the present system were analyzed and correlations were developed to predict a and k L a in terms of superficial gas velocity. The variation of a and k L a with specific power input were shown in graphical plot and compared with other gas-liquid systems.
A Non-Dissipative Equalizer with Fast Energy Transfer Based on Adaptive Balancing Current Control

In this study, an active inductive equalizer with fast energy transfer based on adaptive balancing current control is proposed to rapidly equilibrate lithium-ion battery packs. A multiphase structure of equalizer formed by many specific parallel converter legs (PCLs) with bidirectional energy conversion serves as the power transfer stage to make the charge shuttle back and forth between the cell and sub-pack or sub-pack and sub-pack more flexible and efficient. This article focuses on dealing with the problem of slow balancing rate, which inherently arises from the reduction of balancing current as the voltage difference between the cells or sub-packs decreases, especially in the later period of equalization. An adaptive varied-duty-cycle (AVDC) algorithm is put forward here to accelerate the balance process. The devised method has taken the battery nonlinear behavior and the nonideality of circuit component into consideration and can adaptively modulate the duty cycle with the change of voltage differences to maintain balancing current nearly constant in the whole equilibrating procedure. Test results derived from simulations and experiments are provided to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the equalizer prototype constructed. Comparing with the conventional fixed duty cycle (FDC) method, the improvements of 68.3% and 8.3% in terms of balance time and efficiency have been achieved.
Cross-Cultural Information for Japanese Nurses at an International Hospital: A Controlled Before–After Intervention Study

This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of providing health information through an ordinary travel guidebook combined with a short digital video compared with an ordinary travel guidebook alone by measuring the anxiety levels of Japanese nurses dealing with foreign patients. We conducted a controlled before–after intervention study in 2016 at a major international hospital in Japan. We created two interventions: (1) a brief piece of health information from a travel guidebook for Japan, (2) the same travel guidebook, and a four-minute digital video in English on health information in Japan, titled Mari Info Japan for nurses. After each intervention, we assessed the nurses’ levels of anxiety about caring for foreign patients. We evaluated the results through statistical testing and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y. Of 111 nurses, 83 (74.8%) completed both interventions and the questionnaires. The second intervention (the guidebook and video) proved more effective than the first (the guidebook) for reducing anxiety related to caring for foreign patients. Japanese nurses can lower their anxiety about dealing with foreign patients by learning about the content of various forms of health care information currently accessible to overseas visitors. Using both guidebooks and digital videos can help to reduce nurses’ anxiety.
Plasmonic evolution of atomically size-selected Au clusters by electron energy loss spectrum

Abstract The plasmonic response of gold clusters with atom number (N) = 100–70 000 was investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy. For decreasing N, the bulk plasmon remains unchanged above N = 887 but then disappears, while the surface plasmon firstly redshifts from 2.4 to 2.3 eV above N = 887 before blueshifting towards 2.6 eV down to N = 300, and finally splitting into three fine features. The surface plasmon's excitation ratio is found to follow N0.669, which is essentially R2. An atomically precise evolution picture of plasmon physics is thus demonstrated according to three regimes: classical plasmon (N = 887–70 000), quantum confinement corrected plasmon (N = 300–887) and molecule related plasmon (N < 300).
Shock wave study of the reaction HO2+HO2→H2O2+O2 : Confirmation of a rate constant minimum near 700 K

The HO2 self‐reaction HO2+HO2→H2O2+O2 was studied in shock waves between 750 and 1120 K. Two different HO2 sources were used, the thermal dissociation of CH3O2CH3 in the presence of excess O2 and the thermal dissociation of H2O2. The reaction is characterized by a curved Arrhenius plot of the rate constant k. The combination with low temperature data shows a deep minimum of k near 700 K. The rate constant, at 1 bar gas pressure, between 300 and 1100 K can be represented as k/cm3 mol−1 s−1=4.2×1014 exp(−6030 K/T) +1.3×1011 exp(+820 K/T). The first term in the present work was derived from measured ratios of k/e and was evaluated with e (HO2, 230 nm, 1000 K)=670 1 mol−1 cm−1. Furthermore, a value of the rate constant of 3×1012 cm3 mol−1 s−1 was derived near 1100 K for the reaction HO+H2O2→HO2+H2O; for the reaction HO+HO2→H2O+O2 a value of 3×1013 cm3 mol−1 s−1 was obtained.
Revisiting market power and efficiency: the non-linearities over profitability

ABSTRACT Market power and efficiency are known to affect baking profitability. However, they have been usually analysed separately and when jointly, under a linear approach. This letter proposes a non-linear assessment of these two variables over bank profitability. For this, we use a GMM approach and find diminishing returns of market power and increasing returns of efficiency over profitability gains. Our findings add evidence besides the traditional view which may have important implications for banking system.
Hydrogen Adsorption of Carbon Nanocone Arrays: Influences of Cone Arrangements

This paper used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate influences of cone arrangements (including the cone orientation, arrangement pattern and cone spacing) on hydrogen adsorption of open-tip carbon nanocone (CNC) arrays at temperatures of 100 and 300 K. To consider curvature effects for the cone structure of the CNCs, the curvature-modified Lennard-Jones potential parameters were adopted to describe the interactions between the hydrogen and carbon atoms. It was found that the cone orientation (aligned, opposite, and alternate) does not have obvious influences on hydrogen adsorption of the CNC arrays. The arrangement pattern (square and triangular), however, had significant influences on the hydrogen adsorption. The square-patterned CNC array was noticed to have higher storage weight percentage than the triangular-patterned one. Regarding to the influences of cone spacing, the storage weight percentage grew with the increase of the cone spacing and arrived at a stable value as the cone spacing reached a certain critical value. The influences cone arrangements could be ascribed to repulsive effects, which are evident as cone spacing become narrow.
The Effect of Dense Medium Viscosity on Separation Efficiency

This paper reviews the literature on the influence of viscosity on separation in dense medium processes, for both baths and cyclones, in the context of the well-known fundamentals of particle motion in fluids. It is concluded that viscosity does play a role in determining both the separation density and the extent of separation inefficiency (Ep). because most DMS processes probably operate in the intermediate particle flow regime. A high viscosity increases particle misplacement in baths and cyclones. It increases or decreases the separation density of bath separators (depending on whether the bath is top or bottom fed. Respectively) and decreases the separation density in cyclones due to a reduction in the medium differential. The effects of viscosity are strongly size dependent. In practice, viscosity is not seen as a major problem in most coal preparation applications, as long as it is properly managed.
Conformational analysis of 2-substituted methylenecyclohexanes and 3-substituted cyclohexenes and the anomeric effect

The analysis of the 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance data of 2-substituted methylenecyclohexanes and 3-substituted cyclohexenes demonstrates that a double bond stabilizes the axial conformer for an electronegative substituent. Introduction of a methoxy group on the double bond further increases the relative stability of the axial conformer. These results are interpreted in terms of the 'double bond – no bond' resonance.
“A Learning Process Versus a Moment”: Engaging Black Male Teacher Education Candidates in Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy at Jackson State University

Abstract This qualitative case study provides a deep dive into a teacher education program at Jackson State University, a Historically Black University (i.e. HBCU) located in Mississippi that is intentionally preparing Black men teacher candidates to successfully support the academic achievement of students in culturally diverse, low-income, and underserved schools.
Finnish professionals’ views of the current mental health services and multiprofessional collaboration in children’s mental health promotion

Abstract Promotion of children’s mental health (MH) plays an important role in preventing further MH problems. In Finland, the well-being of children is supported in early childhood education and care (ECEC), basic education, maternity clinics, and child health clinics. Providing these services for children and families requires multiprofessional collaboration. The aim of this study was to investigate the current practice of children’s MH promotion, more specifically children’s MH services and multiprofessional collaboration between social and health care services and ECEC/basic education. The study focused on MH questions regarding children in 18 municipalities of Finland from the approach of socio-ecological model of health promotion. The participants of this cross-sectional study were ECEC professionals in municipal day care, basic education professionals, and primary health care professionals who work with children younger than 14. The data collected via questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), the Brown-Forsythe robust test, and Tukey HSD post hoc comparisons. A total of 482 professionals participated in this study. Overall, respondents indicated relatively poor satisfaction toward most aspects of current MH promotion. Professionals from municipalities that provided primary health care and social services independently evaluated MH promotion most positively. However, deficiencies in multiprofessional collaboration between organizations were reported. The work experience influenced professionals’ perceptions of the challenges of collaboration; respondents with the least work experience were most critically concerned. These results imply that the promotion of children’s MH and MH services needs to be further developed.
Phylogeography of a widespread Palaearctic forest bird species: The White‐backed Woodpecker (Aves, Picidae)

We use multilocus molecular data and species distribution modelling to investigate the phylogenetics and the phylogeography of the White‐backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos), a bird species widely distributed over the entire Palaearctic. Our phylogenetic results reveal three well‐supported clades within D. leucotos: the Chinese endemic subspecies (tangi, insularis), the northerly distributed subspecies (leucotos, uralensis) and the four poorly genetically differentiated Japanese subspecies (subcirris, stejnegeri, namiyei, owstoni), and the south‐western Palaearctic lilfordi subspecies. According to our results, the Amami Woodpecker, endemic to Amami Oshima Island (Ryukyu archipelago, Japan) sometimes treated as full species Dendrocopos owstoni, does not deserve a species‐level status. Based on the mitochondrial phylogeographic results, the Japanese archipelago was recently colonized only once by D. leucotos from eastern Eurasia. Our results suggest a split between the leucotos and lilfordi lineages that dates back to mid‐Pleistocene (around 0.6 Mya) with likely no gene flow between these two subspecies since then. Our results thus do not support a phylogeographic pattern in which Central Europe and Northern Europe were recolonized from one or several southern glacial refugia where lilfordi populations persisted through several Pleistocene glacial periods. Spatial variation in mitochondrial diversity across leucotos/uralensis populations and niche ecological modelling suggest a possible eastward population expansion from a unique glacial refugium likely located in Central Europe. Molecular species delimitation methods, gene flow analyses and differences in adult and juvenile plumage indicate that the lilfordi subspecies may warrant to be ranked as a valid phylogenetic species. Further studies are nevertheless needed in the Balkans, where leucotos and lilfordi came recently into contact to measure the effectiveness of reproductive barriers and gene flow.
Theoretical evaluation of multivalent cation diffusion in the 1T-δ-MnO2 electrode via potential energy surface

Polymorphs of MnO2 have been studied extensively for their potential application in rechargeable batteries which provide attractive structures as the host for the cation insertion. In this study, the simplest form of δ-MnO2 has been taken as the representative of layered MnO2 and the ion diffusion performance is carefully examined. The potential energy surfaces of Li+, Na+, K+, NH4 +, Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+ and Al3+ ion diffusing in the 1T-δ-MnO2 are firstly obtained within the density functional theory framework, which give a comprehensive and detailed view of the diffusing process. We not only assess the 1T-δ-MnO2 as candidate electrode material quantitatively but also elucidate the influence of the cooperative Jahn–Teller effect which governs multivalent diffusion in the intuitive and clear view. Our findings are well matched with the reported results and lead to practical and implementable guidelines to find MnO2-based fast-diffusion multivalent ion conductors.
On the application of phase relationships to complex structures. VI. Automatic interpretation of electron-density maps for organic structures

This paper describes a procedure for the automatic interpretation of electron-density maps of organic structures which makes use of the restrictions on the values of the intramolecular bond distances and angles. It is also shown how some chemical-data processing algorithms can be used as an efficient means of introducing chemical information in the process of structure determination.
Population dynamics, native parasitoids and incidence of Tephritidae (Insecta, Diptera) in cherimoya (Annona cherimola mill.) secondary forests at Southern Ecuador

Abstract Cherimoya is native to southern Ecuador, where it occurs in secondary forests with a high pest incidence, mainly fruit flies. In this research, five McPhail traps baited with Süsbin® 10% were installed in four cherimoya forest, from December 2017 to April 2018, and fruits were collected during the fruition phase to extract the larvae. A total of 1083 Tephritidae individuals and 3613 pupae were obtained from traps and fruits, respectively. Nine species of Anastrepha, one species of Toxotrypana and two parasitoid species were identified. The most abundant species in traps and the only one obtained from fruits was A. fraterculus.
Raman spectroscopy of proteins: from peptides to large assemblies

Raman spectroscopy has become a versatile tool in protein science and biotechnology. Recent advances in spectral assignments and vibrational theory, examples of use in structural biology and selected industrial applications are discussed. New insights into protein folding, assembly and aggregation were obtained by classical Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize intrinsically unstructured proteins. The improved instrument sensitivity made it possible to use Raman difference spectroscopy to characterize enzyme–substrate interactions. Specifically, Raman crystallography has been instrumental in the delineation of protein–ligand interactions with a resolution surpassing that of x-ray diffraction. Numerous applications of Raman spectroscopy to protein analysis in biotechnology and food industry have been facilitated by the new generation of commercial Raman instruments. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Time domain information from resonant Raman excitation profiles: A direct inversion by maximum entropy

A direct method for the inversion of resonant Raman excitation profiles to the time domain is proposed. The inversion procedure is implemented within the maximum entropy (ME) formalism. The constraints used in the ME procedure are the values of the Fourier transform of the Raman excitation profile at a given set of values of times tr. It is shown that the ME functional form of the Raman cross section can be expressed in terms of a Raman amplitude, depending on the Lagrange multipliers and on the constraints. The Fourier transform of the Raman amplitude yields the time dependent cross correlation function. Another route to direct inversion, using a Fourier series expansion of the dispersion relation, is also considered. The analytical requirements that must be satisfied by the input excitation profile for a successful inversion to be possible are discussed. The optimum values of the times tr and of the Lagrange multipliers which determine the Raman amplitude are computed using a new algorithm (the min–max .
Submersible Pump Vortex Detection Using Image Processing Technique and Neuro-Fuzzy

The vortex means the mass of air or water that spins around very fast that often faced in the agriculture irrigation systems used the pump. The undesired effects like loss of hydraulic performance, erosion, vibration and noise may occur because of the vortex in pump systems. It is important to detect and prevent vortex for the economic life and efficiency of the agriculture pump. The image processing and neuro-fuzzy based novel model is proposed for the detection of a vortex in the deep well pump used in the agriculture system with this paper. The used images and data submergence, flow rate, the diameter of the pipe, power consumption, pressure values and noise values- is acquired from an experimental pump. The proposed approach consists of three steps; Neuro-Fuzzy Learning, Image Processing and Neuro-Fuzzy Testing. In the first step, the eighty-two data have employed for the training process of the Neuro-Fuzzy. Then, the images derived from a camera placed near the experimental pump are used to detect vortex in the image processing step. Finally, the relevant data to vortex cases have employed for the testing process of the Neuro-Fuzzy. The result of this study demonstrates that image processing and neuro-fuzzy based design can be successfully used to detect vortex formation. This paper has provided novel contributions in the vortex detection issue such as find out vortex cases by using image processing and Neuro-Fuzzy. The image processing method has shed light on the studies to be done in the classification of vortexes and the measurement of their strength.
Clusty, the waveform-based network similarity clustering toolbox: concept and application to image complex faulting offshore Zakynthos (Greece)

Clusty is a new open source toolbox dedicated to earthquake clustering based on waveforms recorded across a network of seismic stations. Its main application is the study of active faults and the detection and characterization of faults and fault networks. By using a density-based clustering approach, earthquakes pertaining to a common fault can be recognized even over long fault segments, and the first-order geometry and extent of active faults can be inferred. Clusty implements multiple techniques to compute a waveform based network similarity from maximum cross-correlation coefficients at multiple stations. The clustering procedure is designed to be transparent and parameters can be easily tuned. It is supported by a number of analysis visualization tools which help to assess the homogeneity within each cluster and the differences among distinct clusters. The toolbox returns graphical representations of the results. A list of representative events and stacked waveforms facilitate further analyses like moment tensor inversion. Results obtained in various frequency bands can be combined to account for large magnitude ranges. Thanks to the simple configuration, the toolbox is easily adaptable to new data sets and to large magnitude ranges. To show the potential of our new toolbox, we apply Clusty to the aftershock sequence of the Mw 6.9 25 October 2018 Zakynthos (Greece) Earthquake. Thanks to the complex tectonic setting at the western termination of the Hellenic Subduction System where multiple faults and faulting styles operate simultaneously, the Zakynthos data set provides an ideal case-study for our clustering analysis toolbox. Our results support the activation of several faults and provide insight into the geometry of faults or fault segments. We identify two large thrust faulting clusters in the vicinity of the main shock and multiple strike-slip clusters to the east, west and south of these clusters. Despite its location within the largest thrust cluster, the main shock does not show a high waveform similarity to any of the clusters. This is consistent with the results of other studies suggesting a complex failure mechanism for the main shock. We propose the existence of conjugated strike-slip faults in the south of the study area. Our waveform similarity based clustering toolbox is able to reveal distinct event clusters which cannot be discriminated based on locations and/or timing only. Additionally, the clustering results allows distinction between fault and auxiliary planes of focal mechanisms and to associate them to known active faults.
Carbon Emission Disclosure, Good Corporate Governance, Financial Performance, and Firm Value

This research aims to examine (1) the effect of carbon emission disclosure on firm value, (2) the effect of good corporate governance on firm value, (3) the mediating role of financial performance between carbon emission disclosure and firm value, and (4) the mediating role of financial performance between good corporate governance and firm value. The research sample includes 43 mining, agro, and manufacturing firms listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange over the 2015-2017 period. Carbon emission disclosure is measured by an indicator of the Global Reporting Initiative Series of Environmental Aspect. Good corporate governance is measured by the corporate governance score of shareholder rights, boards of directors, outside directors, audit committee and internal auditor, and disclosure to investors. Financial performance is measured by return on assets, while firm value is measured by Tobin’s Q. Data analysis uses the structural equation modeling. The result shows carbon emission disclosure and good corporate governance have no direct effect on firm value. On the other hand, financial performance mediates the effect of carbon emission disclosure and good corporate governance on firm value. It shows that higher carbon emission disclosure and good corporate governance are meaningless for the investor if they do not give any financial performance improvement.