Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zinc phthalocyanine conjugated cellulose nanocrystals for memory device applications

We present the electrical properties of zinc phthalocyanine covalently conjugated to cellulose nanocrystals (CNC@ZnPc). Thin films of CNC@ZnPc sandwiched between two gold electrodes showed pronounced hysteresis in their current–voltage characteristics. The layered metal–organic–metal sandwich devices exhibit distinct high and low conductive states when bias is applied, which can be used to store information. Density functional theory results confirmed wave function overlap between CNC and ZnPc in CNC@ZnPc, and helped visualize the lowest (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) and highest molecular orbitals (highest occupied molecular orbital) in CNC@ZnPc. These results pave the way forward for all-organic electronic devices based on low cost, earth abundant CNCs and metallophthalocyanines.
The moss traits that rule cyanobacterial colonization

Abstract Background and Aims Cyanobacteria associated with mosses represent a main nitrogen (N) source in pristine, high-latitude and -altitude ecosystems due to their ability to fix N2. However, despite progress made regarding moss–cyanobacteria associations, the factors driving the large interspecific variation in N2 fixation activity between moss species remain elusive. The aim of the study was to identify the traits of mosses that determine cyanobacterial colonization and thus N2 fixation activity. Methods Four moss species varying in N2 fixation activity were used to assess cyanobacterial abundance and activity to correlate it with moss traits (morphological, chemical, water-balance traits) for each species. Key Results Moss hydration rate was one of the pivotal traits, explaining 56 and 38 % of the variation in N2 fixation and cyanobacterial colonization, respectively, and was linked to morphological traits of the moss species. Higher abundance of cyanobacteria was found on shoots with smaller leaves, and with a high frequency of leaves. High phenol concentration inhibited N2 fixation but not colonization. These traits driving interspecific variation in cyanobacterial colonization, however, are also affected by the environment, and lead to intraspecific variation. Approximately 24 % of paraphyllia, filamentous appendages on Hylocomium splendens stems, were colonized by cyanobacteria. Conclusions Our findings show that interspecific variations in moss traits drive differences in cyanobacterial colonization and thus, N2 fixation activity among moss species. The key traits identified here that control moss-associated N2 fixation and cyanobacterial colonization could lead to improved predictions of N2 fixation in different moss species as a function of their morphology.
Lycopene and Chrysin through Mitigation of Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress Exerted Antidepressant Effects in Clonidine-Induced Depression-like Behavior in Rats

Abstract Depression is a severely debilitating psychiatric disorder that influences more than 15% of the population worldwide. It has been demonstrated that it is associated with a high risk of developing other diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, epilepsy, and cancer. The current study examines the possibility of chrysin and lycopene having an antidepressant effect in a rat model of depression induced by clonidine, as well as the mechanisms underlying this effect, including the role of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Rats were allotted into seven groups. The rats in group 1 served as a control. Group 2 received lycopene only. Group 3 was provided chrysin only. Group 4 was administered clonidine and served as the model. Group 5 was offered lycopene and clonidine. Group 6 was administered chrysin and clonidine. Group 7 was given FLX and clonidine and represented the standard. The experiment lasted two weeks, during which behavioral, biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical measurements were performed. Lycopene and chrysin were used to correct the concentrations of noradrenaline and serotonin hippocampal tissue concentrations. These findings were also improved by immunohistochemical analysis of GFAP, VEGF, caspase3, and histopathological examinations, in which pretreatment of rats with lycopene and chrysin reversed all clonidine-induced alterations. The current research demonstrates that lycopene and chrysin have an auspicious antidepressant effect against clonidine that provoked behavioral hopelessness in rats. Manipulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis may partially represent the corrective mechanism for the neuroprotective actions against the depressive effect of clonidine.
Atomistic modelling of the immiscible Fe–Bi system from a constructed bond order potential

An analytical bond-order potential (BOP) of Fe–Bi has been constructed and has been validated to have a better performance than the Fe–Bi potentials already published in the literature. Molecular dynamics simulations based on this BOP has been then conducted to investigate the ground-state properties of Bi, structural stability of the Fe–Bi binary system, and the effect of Bi on mechanical properties of BCC Fe. It is found that the present BOP could accurately predict the ground-state A7 structure of Bi and its structural parameters, and that a uniform amorphous structure of Fe100−x Bi x could be formed when Bi is located in the composition range of 26 ⩽ x < 70. In addition, simulations also reveal that the addition of a very small percentage of Bi would cause a considerable decrease of tensile strength and critical strain of BCC Fe upon uniaxial tensile loading. The obtained results are in nice agreement with similar experimental observations in the literature.
Nutrient sources for offspring formation: diet–mother and mother–offspring isotope discrimination in domesticated gallinaceous birds

ABSTRACT Stable isotope techniques can be used to assess nutrient acquisition and allocation strategies used to produce offspring. Before stable isotope techniques can be employed, researchers need reliable isotope discrimination values. In this context, isotope discrimination compares the difference in the isotope ratio between the maternal–offspring tissue that occurs during nutrient transfer prior to egg laying. Currently, isotope discrimination values are unknown between the maternal blood constituents – that reflect different temporal scales of integration – and downy feathers of their offspring. In this study, we experimentally derive isotope discrimination relationships between maternal diet–blood constituents for egg laying, and between maternal blood constituents–down feathers of offspring in an experiment with 3 types of domesticated gallinaceous birds raised on known diets. Our experiment is the first to report isotope discrimination values for maternal blood constituents–down of offspring in avian taxa and provides a new sampling technique that is less invasive than previously available as collecting down does not require sampling viable eggs or individuals. Future researchers can use these results to assist in identifying nutrient sources used by adult birds to produce young.
A microRNA signature that correlates with cognition and is a target against cognitive decline

While some individuals age without pathological memory impairments, others develop age‐associated cognitive diseases. Since changes in cognitive function develop slowly over time in these patients, they are often diagnosed at an advanced stage of molecular pathology, a time point when causative treatments fail. Thus, there is great need for the identification of inexpensive and minimal invasive approaches that could be used for screening with the aim to identify individuals at risk for cognitive decline that can then undergo further diagnostics and eventually stratified therapies. In this study, we use an integrative approach combining the analysis of human data and mechanistic studies in model systems to identify a circulating 3‐microRNA signature that reflects key processes linked to neural homeostasis and inform about cognitive status. We furthermore provide evidence that expression changes in this signature represent multiple mechanisms deregulated in the aging and diseased brain and are a suitable target for RNA therapeutics.
Gene Therapy for Polyglutamine Spinocerebellar Ataxias: Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives

Polyglutamine spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) comprise a heterogeneous group of six autosomal dominant ataxias caused by cytosine–adenine–guanine repeat expansions in the coding region of single genes. Currently, there is no curative or disease‐slowing treatment for these disorders, but their monogenic inheritance has informed rationales for development of gene therapy strategies. In fact, RNA interference strategies have shown promising findings in cellular and/or animal models of SCA1, SCA3, SCA6, and SCA7. In addition, antisense oligonucleotide therapy has provided encouraging proofs of concept in models of SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, and SCA7, but they have not yet progressed to clinical trials. On the contrary, the gene editing strategies, such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR/Cas9), have been introduced to a limited extent in these disorders. In this article, we review the available literature about gene therapy in polyglutamine SCAs and discuss the main technological and ethical challenges toward the prospect of their use in future clinical trials. Although antisense oligonucleotide therapies are further along the path to clinical phases, the recent failure of three clinical trials in Huntington's disease may delay their utilization for polyglutamine SCAs, but they offer lessons that could optimize the likelihood of success in potential future clinical studies. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Development of Tandem Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation to Olefins

The utilization of CO2 as a carbon source for synthesis of value-added chemicals and fuels, particularly light olefins, is one of the most attractive routes to convert CO2 as part of a large-scale process. Designing active, selective, and stable catalysts for olefin production is challenging because of the difficulty characterizing structure–property relationships for the highly complex CO2 hydrogenation reaction network. To understand the challenges and opportunities in converting CO2 directly to olefins over a single tandem catalyst, this Perspective reviews the following three routes: (1) direct hydrogenation of CO2 to olefins over promoted catalysts; (2) methanol synthesis followed by methanol-to-olefins (MeOH-mediated route); (3) CO production via the reverse-water–gas-shift reaction, followed by Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (CO-mediated route). Future research directions are proposed on the critical research areas of elucidating reaction mechanisms by combining in situ characterization techniques with .
Effect of a Hybrid Closed-Loop System on Glycemic and Psychosocial Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) therapy has improved glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes; however, the efficacy of HCL on glycemic and psychosocial outcomes has not yet been established in a long-term randomized clinical trial. Objective To determine the percentage of time spent in the target glucose range using HCL vs current conventional therapies of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion or multiple daily insulin injections with or without continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Design, Setting, and Participants This 6-month, multicenter, randomized clinical trial included 172 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes; patients were recruited between April 18, 2017, and October 4, 2019, in Australia. Data were analyzed from July 25, 2020, to February 26, 2021. Interventions Eligible participants were randomly assigned to either the control group for conventional therapy (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion or multiple daily insulin injections with or without CGM) or the intervention group for HCL therapy. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the percentage of time in range (TIR) within a glucose range of 70 to 180 mg/dL, measured by 3-week masked CGM collected at the end of the study in both groups. Secondary outcomes included CGM metrics for hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glycemic variability and psychosocial measures collected by validated questionnaires. Results A total of 135 patients (mean [SD] age, 15.3 [3.1] years; 76 girls [56%]) were included, with 68 randomized to the control group and 67 to the HCL group. Patients had a mean (SD) diabetes duration of 7.7 (4.3) years and mean hemoglobin A1c of 64 (11) mmol/mol, with 110 participants (81%) receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and 72 (53%) receiving CGM. In the intention-to-treat analyses, TIR increased from a mean (SD) of 53.1% (13.0%) at baseline to 62.5% (12.0%) at the end of the study in the HCL group and from 54.6% (12.5%) to 56.1% (12.2%) in the control group, with a mean adjusted difference between the 2 groups of 6.7% (95% CI, 2.7%-10.8%; P = .002). Hybrid closed-loop therapy also reduced the time that patients spent in a hypoglycemic (<70 mg/dL) range (difference, -1.9%; 95% CI, -2.5% to -1.3%) and improved glycemic variability (coefficient of variation difference, -5.7%; 95% CI, -10.2% to -0.9%). Hybrid closed-loop therapy was associated with improved diabetes-specific quality of life (difference, 4.4 points; 95% CI, 0.4-8.4 points), with no change in diabetes distress. There were no episodes of severe hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis in either group. Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial, 6 months of HCL therapy significantly improved glycemic control and quality of life compared with conventional therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Trial Registration ANZCTR identifier: ACTRN12616000753459.
Total generation and combustion emissions of plastic derived fuels: A trash to tank approach

Trash to Tank (3T) is a concept based on the conversion of waste plastic trash into a liquid fuel, suitable for use in any diesel or kerosene fuel application. This contribution compares total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from generation and combustion of petroleum derived diesel fuel with plastic derived fuel oil. Generation emissions for diesel are obtained from literature values for well‐to‐tank (WTT) CO2 emissions, while 3T CO2 emissions for plastic are calculated based on a locally managed decentralized circular economy for waste plastic management. Specifically, this analysis applies a novel approach based on local, small‐scale decomposition of waste plastic to fuel in an appropriate technology setting, with consumption of the fuel locally in rural, developing communities to completely remove waste plastic from accumulating in the global ecosystem. Results from 3T CO2 emissions for both the generation and uses of the fuel oil are reported based on a combination of literature review, laboratory experiments and theoretical calculations. Four plastic derived fuels––low‐density polyethylene, high‐density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene––were individually compared with petroleum derived diesel fuel to depict a positive reduction in total CO2 emissions. Hence, this contribution will demonstrate that the 3T approach is a sustainable solution to waste plastic management in developing regions, where mismanaged waste plastic is an ongoing environmental and social challenge. Potential benefits to the global environment, particularly in developing regions, from the use of plastic derived fuels as replacement for petroleum based is additionally discussed in this study. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog
3D Protein Structure Prediction of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M Phenol Hydroxylase Using Homology Modelling

The Swiss-prot data-base was used for the protein sequence of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M. BlastP was used to determine the suitable template for homology modelling. Swiss Model is the homology modelling software was used to determine the 3D structure which passed the ProQ quality test for further analysis. Validation result for the predicted structure of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M, in which the prediction structure has passed the validation test with 5.951 Lgscore. This is lies in the range of extremely good model and 0.514 MaxSub which is lies in the range of very good model.
Combined Salt and Nickel Stress Impact on ROS Generation and Antioxidant Enzymes Activities of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)

Bitkilerin strese alismasi karmasik bir surectir ve bu karmasiklik iki veya daha fazla abiyotik strese ayni anda maruz kalindiginda artar. Tuzluluk ve asiri nikel birikimi buyume ve gelisimi sinirlandiran abiyotik ajanlardir. Bu calismanin amaci, Melissa officinalis (limon otu) bitkisinde tuzluluk, nikel ve bunlarin kombinasyonlarina karsi antioksidan savunma sistem cevaplarini belirlemektir. Bu stres kosullari altinda, buyume, yaprak ozmotik potansiyeli, klorofil floresansi, nisbi su icerigi (RWC), lipid peroksidasyonu, H 2 O 2 ve prolin icerigi ve antioksidan savunma enzimleri belirlenmistir. Buyume ve yaprak osmotik potansiyeli tuz ve nikel kombinasyonlari nedeniyle olumsuz etkilenmistir. Her uc stres uygulamasi, limon otunun RWC ve klorofil floresansinda onemli degisiklik gostermemistir. Birlesik stres altindaki H 2 O 2 icerigi ve lipid peroksidasyonu, tuz ve nikelin tekli uygulamalarindan daha yuksektir. Askorbat peroksidaz (APX) ve glutatyon reduktaz (GR)’in toplam aktiviteleri tuz, nikel ve kombinasyonlari ile artmistir. Dahasi, superoksit dismutaz (SOD), peroksidaz (POX) ve katalaz (CAT) aktivitelerindeki dusus, birlesik stres altinda yuksek lipid peroksidasyonu ve H 2 O 2 iceriginin artmasi ile sonuclanmistir. Bildigimiz en iyi sekilde, bu calisma tuzluluk ve nikel stresleri kombinasyonlari altinda limon otunun antioksidan savunma enzim aktivitelerinin yurutuldugu ilk calismadir.
The Cochlear Implant Use Questionnaire: Assessing Habits and Barriers to Use

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objective: The objective was to design a questionnaire to identify daily cochlear implant (CI) use habits and barriers to daily CI use and to administer this questionnaire to adult CI users. We hypothesized that recipients who reported a greater number of barriers to daily CI use would show lower daily CI use. Study Design: Questionnaire. Setting: Academic medical center. Patients: Hundred adult CI recipients. Main Outcome Measures: Questionnaire responses and amount of CI use per day as measured from the CI software. Results: The cochlear implant use questionnaire (CIUQ) was created and responses were obtained from 100 participants. The CIUQ yielded an average overall score of 23 (range, 3–54) out of 100; responses were variable, and CI recipients experienced different barriers to using their CI processor. The CIUQ overall score was significantly correlated with recipients’ daily CI use (h/d) (rs = –0.561, p < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval [–0.694, –0.391]), which provides evidence of construct validity. Responses were immediately useful for identifying and overcoming barriers to consistent CI use with our study participants. Conclusions: Increasing evidence suggests that daily CI use is correlated with speech recognition outcomes. To optimize outcomes, clinicians should consider implementing this questionnaire to identify and overcome barriers to consistent, full-time CI processor use.
Predictive value of blood pressure variability for organ dysfunction in patients with sepsis.

BACKGROUND Sepsis is a common disease in the intensive care unit, accompanied by many complications and high mortality. Organ dysfunction is a major risk factor for death in patients with sepsis. Analyzing the related factors of organ dysfunction caused by sepsis can provide more clinical prevention and treatment targets, and better predict patients' prognoses. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and organ dysfunction in patients with sepsis. METHODS One hundred and two patients with sepsis treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively collected as an observation group, and 102 healthy people were collected as a control group. The 24-hour systolic blood pressure variability (24h SBPV) and 24-hour diastolic blood pressure variability (24h DBPV) of the two groups were compared, and the correlation between 24h SBPV, 24h DBPV, and organ function damage to sepsis patients were analyzed. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the 24h DBPV in the observation group was significantly higher (0.56±0.16 vs. 0.37±0.16, P=0.000). 24h SBPV increased significantly (0.56±0.16 vs. 0.36±0.17, P=0.000). Pearson linear correlation analysis showed 24h SBPV was positively correlated with the level of procalcitonin, APACHEII score, and SOFA score (r=0.301, 0.216 and 0.218, P<0.05). 24h DBPV was positively correlated with the level of procalcitonin, APACHEII score, and SOFA score (r=0.302, 0.212 and 0.210, P<0.05). 24h SBPV and 24h DBPV are of certain value in the diagnosis of multiple organ failure in patients with sepsis, and the area under the curve was [0.649 (95% CI: 0.539-0.759), P=0.010] and [0.650 (0.540-0.760), P=0.009], respectively. 24h SBPV and 24h DBPV are of certain value in the diagnosis of persistent organ failure in patients with sepsis, and the area under the curve was [0.647 (95% CI: 0.538-0.757), P=0.010] and [0.647 (95% CI: 0.538-0.757), P=0.010], respectively. CONCLUSIONS The increase of BPV in patients with sepsis has a certain value in predicting the prognosis and organ function damage to patients with sepsis.
A Year of Child Injury Prevention on Instagram

Injury is the leading cause of death for children but little is known about what types of injury prevention messages are communicated on Instagram. Conducted in the United States, the aim of this study was to better understand child injury prevention messages on Instagram to develop recommendations for the future. Informed by Social Cognitive Theory, a quantitative content analysis was conducted on all Instagram posts from selected organizations from May 2018 through April 2019. Of the 818 injury prevention posts, almost all included an image (575, 70%) or video (211, 26%). Of the 575 images, 245 (42.46%) had in image that did not match the topic of the post. Regarding injury prevention recommendations, 579 posts (71%) provided a clear action that parents should take. For these posts, 115 (20%) had an image that communicated the desired safety recommendation, but many more (285, 50%) did not; in 23 cases it was not clear if there was a match or not. There are missed opportunities for child health and injury organizations to reach parents and caregivers through Instagram. Posts made during the study period often lacked specificity about action-oriented measures and failed to utilize images that demonstrated the recommended practices. Organizations posting on Instagram and other social media platforms should provide clear action tips and utilize images that depict child injury prevention recommendations.