Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increasing access to Latin American social medicine resources: a preliminary report.

PURPOSE This preliminary report describes the development and implementation of a project to improve access to literature in Latin American social medicine (LASM). METHODS The University of New Mexico project team collaborated with participants from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Ecuador to identify approximately 400 articles and books in Latin American social medicine. Structured abstracts were prepared, translated into English, Spanish, and Portuguese, assigned Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), and loaded into a Web-based database for public searching. The project has initiated Web-based publication for two LASM journals. Evaluation included measures of use and content. RESULTS The LASM Website (http://hsc.unm.edu/lasm) and database create access to formerly little-known literature that addresses problems relevant to current medicine and public health. This Website offers a unique resource for researchers, practitioners, and teachers who seek to understand the links between socioeconomic conditions and health. The project provides a model for collaboration between librarians and health care providers. Challenges included procurement of primary material; preparation of concise abstracts; working with trilingual translations of abstracts, metadata, and indexing; and the work processes of the multidisciplinary team. CONCLUSIONS The literature of Latin American social medicine has become more readily available to researchers worldwide. The LASM project serves as a collaborative model for the creation of sustainable solutions for disseminating information that is difficult to access through traditional methods.
Gestational weight gain in relation to offspring obesity over the life course: a systematic review and bias‐adjusted meta‐analysis

Gestational weight gain (GWG) is considered one of the risk factors for future obesity in the offspring. However, the direction and strength of this association at different periods of offspring life is relatively unknown. This study investigates whether excess or inadequate maternal GWG during pregnancy influences the risk of offspring obesity at different stages in life. A systematic review of published articles was undertaken after a comprehensive search of different databases, and extracted data were meta‐analysed. To quantify offspring obesity estimates in relation to GWG, we stratified obesity estimates within three life stages of the offspring age: <5 years, 5 to <18 years and 18+ years. Our meta‐analysis showed that, compared with offspring of women with adequate GWG, offspring of women who gained inadequate gestational weight were at a decreased risk of obesity (relative risk [RR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.94), and offspring of women who gained excess weight were at an increased risk of obesity (RR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.23–1.59). These relationships were similar after stratification by life stage. Findings of this study therefore suggest that excess GWG does influence offspring obesity over the short‐ and long‐term, and should therefore be avoided.
Attenuated cerebral vasodilatory capacity in response to hypercapnia in college-aged African Americans

African Americans (AAs) have increased risk for cardiovascular, cerebral vascular and metabolic disease, including hypertension, stroke, coronary artery disease, metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes, relative to Caucasian Americans (CAs). While it is accepted that endothelial function is impaired in AAs, less is known regarding their cerebral vasodilatory capacity in response to hypercapnia. We hypothesized that AAs have a reduction in the total range of change in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) measured in the middle cerebral artery and an index of cerebral vascular conductance (CVCI) in response to changes in the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide () during rebreathing-induced hypercapnia when compared with CAs. Twenty-one healthy, college-aged AA (10 male) and 21 age- and sex-matched CA (10 male) subjects participated in this study. A four-parameter logistic regression was used for curve fitting the responses of CBFV and CVCI relative to changes in . The total ranges of change in CBFV (101 ± 18 versus 69 ± 23%; P < 0.001) and CVCI (83 ± 21 versus 58 ± 21%; P < 0.001) as well as the maximal increase in CBFV (205 ± 24 versus 169 ± 24%; P < 0.001) and CVCI (188 ± 30 versus 154 ± 19%; P < 0.001) were reduced during hypercapnia in AAs relative to CAs despite a similar increase in (change, 15 ± 3 versus 15 ± 3 mmHg; P = 0.65). In conclusion, these data indicate that AAs have attenuated cerebral vascular capacity to respond to hypercapnia when compared with CAs.
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF TABERNAEMONTANA DIVARICATA

Tabernaemontana divaricata a native of India and many other tropical regions is a common garden plant that has been used traditionally for treatment of a number of diseases. In the current study the hydroalcoholic extract of the flowers of the plant have been tested for anticancer activity. The extract was prepared by soxhlet extraction method, petroleum ether and hydroalcohol were the solvents used. The in-vitro anticancer studies were performed against human cancer cell line (HeLa) and MTT assay was used to analyze the cell growth inhibition. The results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of flowers of T.divaricata possessed a moderate amount of anticancer activity and the IC50 value was greater than100 μg/ml.
Low‐dose oral fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide in elderly patients with untreated and relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic Leukaemia

Fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide (FC) at conventional doses is an effective treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). However, FC at standard doses may give hematological and non‐hematological toxicity, predominantly in the elderly. Intravenous or oral low‐dose FC regimens remain highly effective in elderly patients with Low‐Grade Lymphomas other than CLL and are well tolerated. We tested efficacy and toxicity of oral FC at reduced doses in 26 elderly patients (median 71 years) with previously untreated (UT‐CLL, n = 14) or relapsed/refractory CLL (R‐CLL, n = 12), unfit for conventional treatments. Twentyfour‐of‐26 (92%) patients (14/14, 100% UT‐CLL; 10/12, 83.5% R‐CLL) obtained a response, with 12/26 (46%) complete responses (9/14, 64.2% in UT‐CLL; 3/12, 25% in R‐CLL). Non‐hematological toxicity was mild and myelosuppression was documented in 8/26 (31%) patients (4/14, 28% UT‐CLL; 4/12, 33% R‐CLL). With a median follow‐up of 24 months, median event‐free survival was 48 months with no differences between UT‐CLL and R‐CLL and all responders were alive. Low‐dose oral FC treatment showed good efficacy in both untreated and refractory/relapsed CLL. The treatment is useful in elderly patients who cannot benefit of more aggressive schedules and is easy to administer on an outpatient basis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diabetes Insipidus in the Head-Injured Patient

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is an uncommon but important complication in the head-injured population. A retrospective review of all trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) during a 4-year period who developed DI was undertaken. The incidence of DI was 1.3 per cent in ICU trauma admissions and 2.9 per cent in traumatic head injuries admitted to the ICU. The overall mortality was 69 per cent (18/26). The mean onset time of DI in nonsurvivors (1.5 ± 0.7 days) was shorter compared to survivors (8.9 ± 10.2 days) (P < 0.001). All patients who died developed DI within the first 3 days of hospitalization. Patients who develop DI early in their course have a higher mortality than those who develop DI later in their hospital course. The development of diabetes insipidus after head injury carries a 69 per cent mortality rate, and if the onset is within the first 3 days after injury, mortality rate rises to 86 per cent.
Internet Purchases in European Union Countries: Multiple Linear Regression Approach

This paper examines economic and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development influence on recently increasing Internet purchases by individuals for European Union member states. After a growing trend for Internet purchases in EU27 was noticed, all possible regression analysis was applied using nine independent variables in 2011. Finally, two linear regression models were studied in detail. Conducted simple linear regression analysis confirmed the research hypothesis that the Internet purchases in analyzed EU countries are positively correlated with statistically significant variable Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDPpc). Also, analyzed multiple linear regression model with four regressors, showing ICT development level, indicates that ICT development is crucial for explaining the Internet purchases by individuals, confirming the Research hypothesis.
Wading Bird Foraging Habitat Selection in the Florida Everglades

Abstract. To determine how habitat structural complexity, which affects prey vulnerability, influences foraging habitat selection by wading birds, a habitat use versus availability study was conducted throughout the Florida Everglades in 2005 and 2006. Also, an experiment was conducted where structural complexity was manipulated and its effect on wading bird foraging efficiency quantified. Among-year differences in habitat selection were found, which corresponded to disparate hydrological conditions. In 2005, a poor hydrological year in terms of the seasonal recession, wading birds chose foraging sites that had less emergent vegetation, a thicker flocculent layer and higher prey density relative to random sites. In 2006, an optimal hydrological year, wading bird foraging locations were similar to random sites in all aspects. Submerged vegetation did not affect wading bird site selection in either year. The study indicated that hydrological conditions that affect prey density were more important to wading bird foraging success than fine scale variation in habitat characteristics. However, in years of poor hydrology factors that affect prey vulnerability may become increasingly important because the penalty for choosing low quality foraging habitat is greater than in years of more optimal conditions. Elucidating habitat characteristics which create high quality foraging sites will be beneficial in planning wetland restoration projects and gauging future restoration progress.
EFFECTS OF CULTURE TEMPERATURE ON MICROTUBER FORMATION OF ACONITUM CARMICHAELII DEBX. AND ACONITINE-TYPE ALKALOID CONTENTS

The clonally propagated Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. was used for the investigation of microtubering. The rooting condition of propagated shoots affected the establishment of transplantation to soil indicating the Murashige-Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5mg/1 of IAA and the cultivation at 20℃ are the best. Culturing at 15℃ under the dark enhanced microtubering rather than 10℃ or 20℃. The temperature affected the production of aconitine-type alkaloids, demonstrating that the contents of mesaconitine and hypaconitine were higher at 20℃ than at 15 and 10℃.
Fetal behaviour : developmental and perinatal aspects

Part 1: Development of behaviour during normal pregnancy: The first trimester The second trimester The third trimester Heart-rate patterns and foetal movement During labour Some remarks on the neonate Part 2: Foetal behaviour in research: Development of the central nervous system Central nervous control Animal investigations Effects of perinatal medication on the developing brain Part 3: Foetal behaviour and foetal psychology: Foetal psychology: an embryonic science Maternal emotions during pregnancy and foetal and neonatal behviour Part 4: Foetal behaviour and the assessment of foetal well-being: Growth retardation Diabetic pregnancy Foetal behaviour in relation to stimulation Doppler flow measurements Biophysical profile scoring Consequences for fetal monitoring Epilogue: Do we really need the concept?
Site-specific glycosylation of human recombinant erythropoietin: analysis of glycopeptides or peptides at each glycosylation site by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.

We have previously determined the carbohydrate structure of human recombinant erythropoietin [Sasaki, H. , Bothner, B. , Dell, A. , & Fukuda, M. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 12059-12076]. The carbohydrate chains are distributed in three N-glycosylation sites and one O-glycosylation site. In order to examine the extent to which protein structure influences glycosylation, we have analyzed the saccharide structures at each glycosylation site (Asn24, Asn38, Asn83, and Ser126) of human recombinant erythropoietin. By high-performance liquid chromatography, we have succeeded in separation of glycopeptides containing different O-linked saccharides to the same peptide backbone. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the isolated glycopeptides combined with Edman degradation allowed us to elucidate the composition of glycopeptides and the amino acid attachment site. The analysis of glycopeptides and saccharides by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography provided the following conclusions on N-glycans: (1) saccharides at Asn24 are heterogeneous and consist of biantennary, triantennary, and tetraantennary saccharides with or without N-acetyllactosaminyl repeats; (2) saccharides at Asn38 mainly consist of well-processed saccharides such as tetraantennary saccharides with or without N-acetyllactosaminyl repeats; (3) saccharides at Asn83, on the other hand, are homogeneous in the backbone structure and are composed mainly of tetraantennary without N-acetyllactosaminyl repeats. It was also noted that saccharides at Asn24 are much less sialylated than those at Asn38, although these two glycosylation sites are close to each other. These results clearly indicate that the protein structure and, possibly, the carbohydrate chain at the neighboring site greatly influence glycosylation of a given glycosylation site.
A Comprehensive Software and Database Management System for Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation by Radionuclide Plasma Sampling and Serum Creatinine Methods

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation by plasma sampling method is considered as the gold standard. However, this method is not widely used because the complex technique and cumbersome calculations coupled with the lack of availability of user-friendly software. The routinely used Serum Creatinine method (SrCrM) of GFR estimation also requires the use of online calculators which cannot be used without internet access. We have developed user-friendly software "GFR estimation software" which gives the options to estimate GFR by plasma sampling method as well as SrCrM. We have used Microsoft Windows; as operating system and Visual Basic 6.0 as the front end and Microsoft Access; as database tool to develop this software. We have used Russell′s formula for GFR calculation by plasma sampling method. GFR calculations using serum creatinine have been done using MIRD, Cockcroft-Gault method, Schwartz method, and Counahan-Barratt methods. The developed software is performing mathematical calculations correctly and is user-friendly. This software also enables storage and easy retrieval of the raw data, patient′s information and calculated GFR for further processing and comparison. This is user-friendly software to calculate the GFR by various plasma sampling method and blood parameter. This software is also a good system for storing the raw and processed data for future analysis.
Illegitimate transcription of phenylalanine hydroxylase for detection of mutations in patients with phenylketonuria

Illegitimately transcribed phenylalanine hydroxylase mRNA was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction from both fibroblasts and Epstein‐Barr virus‐transformed lymphocytes. This method was used to study mutations of this gene in patients with phenylketonuria and known point mutations were easily detected. Illegitimate transcription was successful studying splicing defects and it was found that the previously described mutation which changes G to A at the 5′ donor site of intron 7 causes exon 7 to be spliced out. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fast, accurate, and reproducible automatic segmentation of the brain in T1‐weighted volume MRI data

A new fast automated algorithm has been developed to segment the brain from T1‐weighted volume MR images. The algorithm uses automated thresholding and morphological operations. It is fully three‐dimensional and therefore independent of scan orientation. The validity and the performance of the algorithm were evaluated by comparing the automatically calculated brain volume with semi‐automated measurements in 10 subjects, by calculating the brain volume from repeated scans in another 10 subjects, and by visual inspection. The mean and standard deviation of the difference between semi‐automated and automated measurements were 0.56% and 2.8% of the mean brain volume, respectively, which is within inter‐observer variability of the semi‐automated method. The mean and standard deviation of the difference between the total volumes calculated from repeated scans were 0.40% and 1.2% of the mean brain volume, respectively. Good results were also obtained from a scan of abnormal brains. Magn Reson Med 42:127–135, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Title Subfunctionalization of sigma factors during the evolution of land plants based on mutant analysis of liverwort ( Marchantia polymorpha

Sigmafactor is a subunitofplastid-encodedRNApolymerase that regulates the transcriptionofplastid-encodedgenesby recognizing asetofpromoters. Sigmafactorshave increased incopynumberandhavediversifiedduring theevolutionof landplants,butdetailsof thisprocess remainunknown.Liverworts represent thebasalgroupofembryophytesandareexpected to retain theancestral features of land plants. In liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha L.), we isolated and characterized a T-DNA-tagged mutant (Mpsig1) of sigma factor 1 (MpSIG1). The mutant did not show any visible phenotypes, implying that MpSIG1 function is redundant with that of other sigma factors. However, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and RNA gel blot analysis revealed that genes related to photosynthesis were downregulated, resulting in the minor reduction of some protein complexes. The transcript levels of genes clustered in the petL, psaA, psbB, psbK, and psbE operons of liverwort were lower than those in the wild type, a result similar to that in the SIG1 defective mutant in rice (Oryza sativa). Overexpression analysis revealed primitive functional divergence between the SIG1 and SIG2 proteins in bryophytes, whereas these proteins still retain functional redundancy. We also discovered that the predominant sigma factor for ndhF mRNA expression has been diversified in liverwort, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and rice. Our study shows the ancestral function of SIG1 and the process of functional partitioning (subfunctionalization) of sigma factors during the evolution of land plants.
BRASILIAN RELIEF: STRUCTURES AND FORMS

The forms of Brazilian relief cannot be understood without the comprehension of what occurs with the South America relief. The structural and sculptural processes developed in Brazilian relief are straightly related with the Atlantic opening and the formation of Andes Orogenic Chains. The Meso-Cenozoic epeirogenesis unleashed the denudational processes that set a definite mark in Brazilian relief formation. The great forms are associated with structures of Cratons, Orogenic Belts and Sedimentary Basins. These great morphologies are produced by several Pre and Post-Cretaceous erosive phases under the effect of the ancient tectonic and the Cenozoic. High altimetry positions coincide with lithologies of igneous mass and rocks of high metamorphism and, downgraded reliefs sculpted on rocks of low metamorphism that suggest important effects of chemical detritions operating on the genesis of shapes of the Brazilian relief.
On-line titrimetric sensor for the control of VFA and/or alkalinity in anaerobic digestion processes treating industrial vinas

This paper describes the principle and the technical details of a cheap titrimetric sensor for the measurements of total and partial alkalinity and the estimation of bicarbonate and volatile fatty acids concentrations in anaerobic digestion processes. The on-line operation of the sensor connected to a 1 m upflow fixed bed reactor treating raw industrial wine vinasses has been shown to be reliable over a five year period of daily use with one measurement every half hour. In addition, this sensor requires a very low maintenance effort while providing very useful information for the on-line control of the process.
Hepatobiliary scintigraphy in an exacerbation of Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

A patient with Dubin-Johnson syndrome was found to have abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, and hyperbilirubinemia. Abdominal ultrasound was normal, but computed tomography revealed evidence of acute appendicitis. Acute jaundice developed after an appendectomy, prompting a hepatobiliary scan. Dubin-Johnson syndrome is an inherited disease of hepatic excretory function associated with chronic or intermittent hyperbilirubinemia and deposition of a black pigment in hepatocytes. Most patients are asymptomatic, but abdominal pain and hepatomegaly can occur. Conditions causing the syndrome to be unmasked or exacerbation of hyperbilirubinemia include sepsis, exercise, alcohol, drugs, and pregnancy. In our patient, exacerbation was secondary to sepsis. Jaundice resolved by the eighth postoperative day.
The Travelling Salesman Problem for finite-sized cities†

We consider a variation of the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) in which the cities visited have non-zero spatial extent, in contrast with the classical TSP, which has destinations that are mathematical points. This new approach opens up both new analyses of the problem and new algorithms for solutions, while remaining an economic first approximation to the standard problem. We present one particular solution that, depending on the number and size of the cities, can improve existing algorithms solving the classical TSP.
A Glucose Sensor Role for Glucokinase in Anterior Pituitary Cells

Enzymatic activity of glucokinase was demonstrated, quantitated, and characterized kinetically in rat and mouse pituitary extracts using a highly specific and sensitive spectrometric assay. A previously proposed hypothesis that the glucokinase gene might be expressed in the pituitary corticotrophic cells was therefore reexamined using mRNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques. No evidence was found that corticotrophs are glucokinase positive, and the identity of glucokinase-expressing cells remains to be determined. The findings do, however, suggest a novel hypothesis that a critical subgroup of anterior pituitary cells might function as glucose sensor cells and that direct fuel regulation of such cells may modify the classical indirect neuroendocrine pathways that are known to control hormone secretion from anterior pituitary cells.