Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diets with high-fat cheese, high-fat meat, or carbohydrate on cardiovascular risk markers in overweight postmenopausal women: a randomized crossover trial.

BACKGROUND Heart associations recommend limited intake of saturated fat. However, effects of saturated fat on low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations and cardiovascular disease risk might depend on nutrients and specific saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in food. OBJECTIVE We explored the effects of cheese and meat as sources of SFAs or isocaloric replacement with carbohydrates on blood lipids, lipoproteins, and fecal excretion of fat and bile acids. DESIGN The study was a randomized, crossover, open-label intervention in 14 overweight postmenopausal women. Three full-diet periods of 2-wk duration were provided separated by 2-wk washout periods. The isocaloric diets were as follows: 1) a high-cheese (96-120-g) intervention [i.e., intervention containing cheese (CHEESE)], 2) a macronutrient-matched nondairy, high-meat control [i.e., nondairy control with a high content of high-fat processed and unprocessed meat in amounts matching the saturated fat content from cheese in the intervention containing cheese (MEAT)], and 3) a nondairy, low-fat, high-carbohydrate control (i.e., nondairy low-fat control in which the energy from cheese fat and protein was isocalorically replaced by carbohydrates and lean meat (CARB). RESULTS The CHEESE diet caused a 5% higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration (P = 0.012), an 8% higher apo A-I concentration (P < 0.001), and a 5% lower apoB:apo A-I ratio (P = 0.008) than did the CARB diet. Also, the MEAT diet caused an 8% higher HDL-cholesterol concentration (P < 0.001) and a 4% higher apo A-I concentration (P = 0.033) than did the CARB diet. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apoB, and triacylglycerol were similar with the 3 diets. Fecal fat excretion was 1.8 and 0.9 g higher with the CHEESE diet than with CARB and MEAT diets (P < 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively) and 0.9 g higher with the MEAT diet than with the CARB diet (P = 0.005). CHEESE and MEAT diets caused higher fecal bile acid excretion than did the CARB diet (P < 0.05 and P = 0.006, respectively). The dominant type of bile acids excreted differed between CHEESE and MEAT diets. CONCLUSIONS Diets with cheese and meat as primary sources of SFAs cause higher HDL cholesterol and apo A-I and, therefore, appear to be less atherogenic than is a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. Also, our findings confirm that cheese increases fecal fat excretion. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01739153.
Psychiatric symptomatology after delirium: a systematic review

Delirium is an acute and usually transient severe neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with significant long‐term physical morbidity. However, its chronic psychiatric sequelae remain poorly characterized. To investigate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, namely anxiety, depressive, and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after delirium, a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases was performed independently by two authors in March 2016. Bibliographies were hand‐searched, and a forward‐ and backward‐citation search using Web of Science was performed for all included studies. Of 6411 titles, we included eight prospective cohort studies, including 370 patients with delirium and 1073 without delirium. Studies were heterogeneous and mostly included older people from a range of clinical groups. Consideration of confounders was variable. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was almost three times higher in patients with delirium than in patients without delirium (22.2% vs 8.0%, risk ratio = 2.79; 95% confidence interval = 1.36–5.73). There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of anxiety symptoms between patients with and without delirium. The prevalence of PTSD symptoms after delirium was inconclusive: only one study investigated this and no association between PTSD symptoms after delirium was reported. There is limited published evidence of the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms after non‐ICU delirium and the strongest evidence is for depressive symptoms. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and PTSD symptoms.
Directed Oil Flow Cooling of Disk Windings Using Graph Theory

Cooling calculations for disk coils with directed oil flow can be challenging because keeping track of the various paths and the associated path and nodal variables requires a fair amount of indexing. A simpler approach is to use graph theory to handle much of the tedious work required to obtain the matrix equations necessary to solve for oil pressures, oil velocities, disk temperatures, as well as oil temperatures and rises. Not only does this save on programming time and effort but the resulting code is much simpler and easier to follow. Once the physical relationships among the variables are established for representative cooling paths and nodes, the main task involves finding the appropriate graph and graph matrices to express the conservation principles necessary to extend these to cover all paths and nodes.
Mortality and Cancer Experience of Quebec Aluminum Reduction Plant Workers, Part 2: Mortality of Three Cohorts Hired on or Before January 1, 1951

Objective: To describe the mortality of Quebec aluminum smelter workers employed before 1951. Methods: The mortality of 5977 men hired at three plants on or before January 1, 1951 was compared with that of Quebec men. Relationships to benzo[a]pyrene, benzene-soluble material, and smoking were examined. Results: Statistically significant causes of death were lung cancer (three plants); bladder cancer; chronic obstructive lung disease (two plants each); cancers of the stomach, digestive system unspecified, rectum and rectosigmoid, pancreas, and larynx; Alzheimer's disease (one plant); and cerebrovascular disease (one plant). Not significant increases were also observed. Conclusions: Mortality from cancer of the lung and bladder and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are related to exposure in Söderberg smelters. The cause of increased stomach cancer mortality is unclear. Excess mortality from some other diseases may be explained by factors other than coal tar pitch volatiles exposure.
Novel Noncontact Meibography With Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography: Hosik Meibography

Purpose: To present a novel noncontact meibography system with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT), which is widely used in clinics for the anterior segment (cornea, anterior chamber angle, etc.), and compare the results with preexisting infrared meibography. Methods: This research was carried out at the Seoul St Mary's Hospital with 2 volunteers. Preexisting infrared meibography was performed on the subjects, and photographs of the meibomian gland were taken again with the anterior segment OCT. With the anterior segment OCT, a tomogram of the meibomian gland could be taken and a picture of the whole meibomian gland could be taken from the infrared images for monitoring. Results: The resolution of the preexisting infrared meibography was a pixel size of 640 × 480. In the anterior segment OCT, the meibomian glands were clearly identified just beneath the palpebral conjunctiva. There was no problem in grading the meibomian gland with the infrared images for monitoring. The resolution was 239 × 178 or 129 × 95 pixels, depending on the save option of the photograph. Conclusions: This novel meibography using anterior OCT yielded meibomian gland tomograms without any additional equipment, and overall infrared meibography was possible for grading. We believe this new technique will be useful in clinics for meibomian gland dysfunction and the like.
Comment on: ‘Plasma, aqueous and vitreous homocysteine levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy’

We read with great interest the paper by Lim et al 1 entitled ‘Plasma, aqueous and vitreous homocysteine levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy’. We want to add a short notation to help the readers interpret the results of the study objectively. We do congratulate the authors for their valuable article. It is not so easy to collect simultaneously three …
The value co-creation modes selection based on crowdsourcing

Based on the variety of crowdsourcing modes and the interaction between users, we construct three modes—no co-created participant, no expert, some experts. We identified the valid mechanism for firm and users to choose the best co-creation mode. The results show that (i) when the potential user is enough, they are not involved in co-creation; when the potential user is less, both firm and users prefer to participate in co-creation, (ii) the co-creation mode selecting depends on the degree of effort transposition and the number of users. When the degree of effort transposition is large but the number of potential users is very small, the firm and users choose “no experts” co-creation mode. On the contrary, they choose “some experts” co-creation mode.
CT Scanning of Lumbar Discography: A Useful Diagnostic Adjunct

Twenty-two patients with continued, undiagnosed symptoms of low back and sciatic pain for an average of 14 months were assessed. Patients studied had prior negative evaluations, including EMG, CT scanning, and/or metrizamide myelography. Three-level, posterolateral, extradural discography was performed on the side opposite the sciatica. One to 6-hours after discography, CT scanning was performed on all injected discs: 91% demonstrated abnormal discograms at one/more levels. CT imaging demonstrated contrast tracking to the periphery of the disc in 82%. Discography reproduced the patient's symptoms in 77%. The direction of contrast tracking seen on scanning correlated with clinical symptoms in 73% and with symptoms at discography in 82%. CT scanning was thought to be a useful adjunct to lumbar discography in patients with prior negative evaluations.
The Multilingual Question Answering Track at CLEF

This paper presents an overview of the Multilingual Question Answering evaluation campaigns which have been organized at CLEF (Cross Language Evaluation Forum) since 2003. Over the years, the competition has registered a steady increment in the number of participants and languages involved. In fact, from the original eight groups which participated in 2003 QA track, the number of competitors in 2005 rose to twenty-four. Also, the performances of the systems have steadily improved, and the average of the best performances in the 2005 saw an increase of 10% with respect to the previous year.
Improving the responsiveness of NSGA-II using an adaptive mutation operator: a case study

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the results obtained with two different implementations of the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) in the framework of load management activities in power systems. The multiobjective real-world problem deals with the identification and the selection of control strategies to be applied to groups of loads aimed at reducing maximum power demand (PD), maximising profits and minimising user discomfort. It is shown that the algorithm performance is improved when the NSGA-II mutation operator is adaptively changed to incorporate information about the results of the search process and transfer this 'knowledge' to the population.
A phase I study of the AKT inhibitor (MK-2206) with concurrent trastuzumab and lapatinib in patients with HER2-positive solid tumors.

3028 Background: Trastuzumab (T) is effective in HER2 overexpressing breast and gastric cancer, but patients eventually develop clinical resistance. Lapatinib (L) with chemotherapy is active after progression on T. Preclinical data suggest that signaling downstream of HER2 via PI3K-AKT pathway may be one mechanism of resistance. MK-2206, an investigational allosteric AKT inhibitor, should inhibit this compensatory signaling. As a single agent, DLTs of MK-2206 are rash and diarrhea. Combined with either T or T/L, MK-2206 could provide more effective HER-family signaling blockade in HER2 positive disease. METHODS Patients with HER2+ treatment-refractory breast and gastroesophageal cancer with adequate organ function were enrolled. In part 1, patients were treated with standard doses of IV T (8 mg/kg load, followed by 6 mg/kg Q3W), and escalating dose levels of PO MK-2206 using either a QOD or QW schedule. In part 2, patients are treated with MK-2206 at the MTD dose derived from part 1 with standard T and escalating doses of L. RESULTS Between Sept. 2009 and Jan. 2011, a total of 40 HER2+ patients were screened and 32 were enrolled. The MTD for MK-2206 in combination with q3W T (part 1) is 60 mg for QOD schedule and 135 mg QW schedule. The major toxicity is consistent with prior experience and no grade 4 or 5 toxicity. The DLT is skin rash in the 200 mg QW cohort occurring in 2/4 patients. There were one complete remission (CR) after 12 weeks of therapy for a breast cancer patient who had skin only metastasis during enrollment, and another unconfirmed partial remission (PR) lasting less than 4 weeks but 4/24 patients have had prolonged stable disease (SD) for at least 4 months despite progression on multiple prior T and L-based therapies. Part 2 (T/L/MK-2206) is anticipated to start in Feb. 2011 and updated information will be available for the ASCO meeting. CONCLUSIONS The AKT inhibitor MK-2206 can be safely combined with T and is associated with clinical activity in phase I. The addition of L is predicted to further increase efficacy and is now being tested. Updated results will be provided.
Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Modified Posterior Approach through Quadratus Femoris Flap Osteotomy; Comparison with Conventional Posterior Approach

Introduction The quadratus femoris muscle has not attracted attention as a structure for surgical exposure during posterior hip approaches. We sought to introduce a modified posterior approach through the quadratus femoris muscle area only, by flap osteotomy, which we have named the quadratus femoris osteotomy (QFO) approach. We compare this with the conventional posterior approach to determine the effectiveness of the new technique. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 329 patients (383 hips) who had undergone primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) between March 2006 and January 2013 by a single hip surgeon. The conventional group consisted of consecutive 118 patients (138 hips) who had undergone THA using the conventional posterior approach. The QFO group consisted of consecutive 101 patients (120 hips) who were treated with THA using the QFO approach. Results The 2-year postoperative average Harris hip score were 88.8 ± 6.6 in the conventional group and 93.1 ± 6.9 in the QFO group. The 2-year postoperative average WOMAC scores were 20.8 ± 6.7 in the conventional group and 14.1 ± 6.6 in the QFO group. Complications in the conventional group were 2 deep vein thrombosis (DVT)s, 1 intraoperative fracture, and 6 posterior dislocations; the QFO group experienced 1 DVT and 3 intraoperative fracture. No dislocation was noted within 2 years after surgery. Conclusions Although further studies are needed to confirm the validity of our ﬁndings, a modified posterior approach using a quadratus femoris flap osteotomy could be an option worth considering among the variants of posterior approaches in THA.
The Relationship between Risk Attitude and Treatment Choice in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background . Many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) eligible for β-interferons or glatiramer acetate have chosen to forgo or discontinue treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate risk attitude as a patient characteristic related to treatment choice for patients with MS. Methods . Sixty-two MS patients completed a survey on treatment history, risk preference, and socioeconomic and clinical variables. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between treatment choice and risk attitude. Risk attitude was measured using a standard gamble question on short-term health outcomes. Results . More risk-seeking patients were less likely to choose treatment compared with more risk-averse patients (P < 0.01). For patients who discontinued treatment, the explanatory variable of significance was severity of side effects (P < 0.05). Conclusions . Risk attitude is a patient characteristic related to treatment initiation in patients with MS. This could be an important factor to consider when identifying optimal treatment decisions for individual patients.
Solving a Generalized Heron Problem by Means of Convex Analysis

Abstract The classical Heron problem states: on a given straight line in the plane, find a point C such that the sum of the distances from C to the given points A and B is minimal. This problem can be solved using standard geometry or differential calculus. In the light of modern convex analysis, we are able to investigate more general versions of this problem. In this paper we propose and solve the following problem: on a given nonempty closed convex subset of ℝs, find a point such that the sum of the distances from that point to n given nonempty closed convex subsets of ℝs is minimal.
Determinants of Trust in Industry, Government, and Citizen's Groups in Japan

The causal structure of the determinants of trust in industry, government, and citizen's groups in Japan was investigated on the basis of Peters et al. (1997). A preliminary survey of the adequacy of the hypotheses proposed by Peters et al. in Japan was made. A set of hypothesized determinants of trust in Japan was proposed based on results of the preliminary survey. Questionnaires concerning perceptions of trust in the organizations and the proposed determinants were sent by mail to residents in the area where environmental risk problems had emerged. The data were analyzed by covariance structure analysis to construct models of trust in industry, government, and citizen's groups. As a result, “openness and honesty,”“concern and care,”“competence,”“people's concern with risks,” and “consensual values” were found to be factors directly determining trust. Suggested in particular is that “openness” of an organization is not attained merely by information disclosure, but also by bi‐directional communication with the people. Moreover, these models include “consensual values,” which do not appear in the model proposed by Peters et al.
Smoothed log-concave maximum likelihood estimation with applications

We study the smoothed log-concave maximum likelihood estimator of a probability distribution on R d . This is a fully automatic nonparametric density estimator, obtained as a canonical smoothing of the log-concave maximum likelihood estimator. We demonstrate its attractive features both through an analysis of its theoretical properties and a simulation study. Moreover, we show how the estimator can be used as an intermediate stage of more involved procedures, such as constructing a classifier or estimating a functional of the density. Here again, the use of the estimator can be justified both on theoretical grounds and through its finite sample performance, and we illustrate its use in a breast cancer diagnosis (classification) problem.
controversy and its implications Genetic hitchhiking versus background selection : the

References http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/365/1544/1245.full. html#related-urls Article cited in: http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/365/1544/1245.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 70 articles, 14 of which can be accessed free Subject collections (535 articles) evolution  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections Email alerting service here right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the top
Novel myopathy in a newborn with Shwachman–Diamond syndrome and review of neonatal presentation

Shwachman–Diamond–Bodian syndrome (SDS) is a pleiotropic disorder in which the main features are bone marrow dysfunction and pancreatic insufficiency. Skeletal changes can occur, and in rare cases manifest as severe congenital thoracic dystrophy. We report a newborn boy with asphyxia, narrow thorax, and severe hypotonia initially suggesting a neuromuscular disease. The muscle biopsy showed myopathic changes with prominent variability in muscle fiber size and abnormal expression of developmental isoforms of myosin. The myofibrils showed focal loss and disorganization of myofilaments, and thickening of the Z‐discs including some abortive nemaline rods. The boy became permanently dependent on assisted ventilation. Pancreatic insufficiency was subsequently diagnosed, explaining the malabsorption and failure to thrive. Except transitory thrombocytopenia and leukopenia, no major hematological abnormalities were noted. He had bilateral nephrocalcinosis with preserved renal function. Transitory liver dysfunction with elevated transaminase levels and parenchymal changes on ultrasound were registered. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by detection of compound heterozygous mutations in SBDS using whole‐exome sequencing: a recurrent intronic mutation causing aberrant splicing (c.258+2T>C) and a novel missense variant in a highly conserved codon (c.41A>G, p.Asn14Ser), considered to be damaging for the protein structure by in silico prediction programs. The carrier status of the parents has been confirmed. This case illustrates the challenges in differential diagnosis of pronounced neonatal hypotonia with asphyxia and highlights the muscular involvement in SDS. To our knowledge, this is the first report of myopathy evidenced in a patient with clinically and molecularly confirmed SDS. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Implementing Elliptic Curve Cryptography

— The strength of public key cryptography utilizing Elliptic Curves relies on the difficulty of computing discrete logarithms in a finite field. Diffie-Hellman key exchange algorithm also relies on the same fact. There are two flavors of this algorithm, one using Elliptic Curves and another without using Elliptic Curves. Both flavors of the algorithm rely on the difficulty of computing discrete logarithms in a finite field. Other public key cryptographic algorithms, such as RSA, rely on the difficulty of integer factorization. Both flavors of Diffie-Hellman key exchange algorithm will be discussed in this paper, and we will show implementation details of both of them. Additionally, we will describe what Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is, and how we can implement different cryptographic algorithms in java, such as digital signatures, encryption / decryption and Key exchange. We will not utilize the java built-in implementations of ECC. Instead, we will use the java programming language as a platform to implement several cryptographic algorithms from the ground up, thus revealing the details of each algorithm and the proofs and reasons these algorithms work. We will describe the theory of ECC and show implementation details that would help students, practitioners, and researchers understand, implement and experiment with such algorithms.
Structural basis for targeting the chromatin repressor Sfmbt to Polycomb response elements

Polycomb group (PcG) complexes repress developmental regulator genes by modifying their chromatin. However, how PcG proteins assemble into complexes and are recruited to their target genes is poorly understood. Here, Alfieri et al. report the crystal structure of the core of the PcG complex PhoRC, which contains the DNA-binding protein Pho and corepressor Sfmbt. The authors show that tethering of Sfmbt by Pho to Polycomb response elements is essential for Polycomb repression of developmental regulator genes in Drosophila. This study thus reveals the molecular basis for PcG protein complex assembly at specific genomic sites.