Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dictionary Of Accounting Terms

Thank you very much for reading dictionary of accounting terms. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this dictionary of accounting terms, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer. dictionary of accounting terms is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the dictionary of accounting terms is universally compatible with any devices to read.
Automated Recognition of Electrical Circuit Drawings

A method for reccoginzing electrical circuit drawings plotted by general CAD software is proposed. First, electrical symbols are extracted from the drawings based on their graphic characteristics.An electrical symbol is represented by the attributed graph with two-level attributes.Then the filtering database of model graphs and the Ullman’s algorithm are used to recognize electrical symbols.Finally, the text in electrical circuit drawings and the connection relation ships between electrical symbols are extracted.Experiments prove that the method can recognize electrical circuit drawings precisely.
A SHOCKING SOLAR NEBULA?

It has been suggested that shock waves in the solar nebula (SN) formed the high-temperature materials observed in meteorites and comets. It is shown that the temperatures at the inner rim of the SN could have been high enough over a sufficient length of time to produce chondrules, calcium aluminium inclusions, refractory dust grains and other high-temperature materials observed in comets and meteorites. The solar bipolar jet flow may have produced an enrichment of 16O in the SN over time and the chondrule oxygen isotopic reservoirs are possibly due to temporal changes in the relative position of the inner edge of the SN and the subsequent strength of the solar bipolar jet flow. As such, nebula-heating models, such as the shock model, are not required to explain the formation of most high-temperature chondritic components.
jahmm: A tool for discretizing multiple ChIP seq profiles

Chromatin immunoprecipitation and high throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) is the de facto standard method to map chromatin features on genomes. The output of ChIP-seq is quantitative within a single genome-wide profile, but there is no natural way to compare experiments, which is why the data is often discretized as present/absent calls. Many tools perform this task efficiently, however they process a single input at a time, which produces discretization conflicts among replicates. Here we present the implementation of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) using mixture negative multinomial emissions to discretize ChIP-seq profiles. The method gives meaningful discretization for a wide range of features and allows to merge datasets from different origins into a single discretized profile, which resolves discretization conflicts. A quality control step performed after the discretization accepts or rejects the discretization as a whole. The implementation of the model is called jahmm, and it is available as an R package. The source can be downloaded from this http URL
On Translation and Power

The relationship between translation and power is complex but manifest in three dimensions:(1) the translation of power,which means that the translation has been manipulated by power;(2) the power of translation,namely,translation's influence,value and functions as a tool;and(3) the power relations in the translation process itself,i.e.the relations between the translator and author,source text,translated text.The study of translation and power,which is of great significance in opening new perspectives for translation studies and advocating cultural diversity,has in recent years accrued to a hot topic in the domain of translation studies.Moreover,this study has also been called the power turn in translation studies.
Mid-Infrared Observations of Planetary Nebulae detected in the GLIMPSE 3D Survey

We present mapping, profiles and photometry for 24 planetary nebulae (PNe) detected in the GLIMPSE 3D mid-infrared (MIR) survey of the Galactic plane. The PNe show many of the properties observed in previous studies of these sources, including evidence for longer wave emission from outside of the ionised zones, a likely consequence of emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) within the nebular photo-dissociation regimes (PDRs). We also note variations in 5.8 µm/4.5 µm and 8.0 µm/4.5 µm flux ratios with distance from the nuclei; present evidence for enhanced MIR emission in the halos of the sources; and note evidence for variations in colour with nebular evolution.
Cross-correlation of galaxies and galaxy clusters in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the importance of non-Poissonian shot noise

We present measurements of angular cross power spectra between galaxies and optically-selected galaxy clusters in the final photometric sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We measure the autocorrelations and cross correlations between galaxy and cluster samples, from which we extract the effective biases and study the shot noise properties. We model the non-Poissonian shot noise by introducing an effective number density of tracers and fit for this quantity. We find that we can only describe the cross-correlation of galaxies and galaxy clusters, as well as the autocorrelation of galaxy clusters, on the relevant scales using a non-Poissonian shot noise contribution. The values of effective bias we finally measure for a volume-limited sample are b(cc) = 4.09 +/- 0.47 for the cluster autocorrelation and b(gc) = 2.15 +/- 0.09 for the galaxy-cluster cross-correlation. We find that these results are consistent with expectations from the autocorrelations of galaxies and clusters and are in good agreement with previous studies. The main result is two-fold: first we provide a measurement of the cross-correlation of galaxies and clusters, which can be used for further cosmological analysis;and secondly we describe an effective treatment of the shot noise.
A 6.5-GHz multibeam pulsar survey

A survey of the Galactic plane in the region −60 ◦ ≤ l ≤ 30 ◦ , |b |≤ 0. 25 was carried out using the seven-beam Parkes methanol multibeam (MMB) receiver, which operates at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. Three pulsars were discovered and 16 previously known pulsars detected. In this paper we present two previously unpublished discoveries, both with extremely high dispersion measures, one of which is very close, in angular distance, to the Galactic Centre. The survey data also contain the first known detection, at radio frequencies, of the radio magnetar PSR J1550−5418. Our survey observation was made 46 d prior to that previously published and places constraints on the beginning of pulsed radio emission from the source. The detection of only three previously undiscovered pulsars argues that there are few pulsars in the direction of the inner Galaxy whose flux density spectrum is governed by a flat power law. However, these pulsars would be likely to remain undetected at lower frequencies due to the large amount of scatter broadening which affects pulsars with high values of dispersion measure. Surveys with future telescopes at high observing frequencies will therefore play an important role in the discovery of pulsars at the Galactic Centre. By simulating pulsar surveys of the Galaxy with phase-1 Square Kilometer Array at frequencies of 1.4 and 10 GHz, we find that high-frequency observations are the only way to discover and observe the Galactic-Centre pulsar population.
Quantum search with multiple walk steps per oracle query

We identify a key difference between quantum search by discrete- and continuous-time quantum walks: a discrete-time walk typically performs one walk step per oracle query, whereas a continuous-time walk can effectively perform multiple walk steps per query while only counting query time. As a result, we show that continuous-time quantum walks can outperform their discrete-time counterparts, even though both achieve quadratic speedups over their corresponding classical random walks. To provide greater equity, we allow the discrete-time quantum walk to also take multiple walk steps per oracle query while only counting queries. Then it matches the continuous-time algorithm's runtime, but such that it is a cubic speedup over its corresponding classical random walk. This yields the first example of a greater-than-quadratic speedup for quantum search over its corresponding classical random walk.
Discussion of the Electromotive Force Terms in the Model of Parker-unstable Galactic Disks with Cosmic Rays and Shear

We analyze the electromotive force (EMF) terms and basic assumptions of the linear and nonlinear dynamo theories in our three-dimensional numerical model of the Parker instability with cosmic rays and shear in a galactic disk. We also apply the well-known prescriptions of the EMF obtained by the nonlinear dynamo theory of Blackman & Field and Kleeorin et al. to check if the EMF reconstructed from their prescriptions corresponds to the EMF obtained directly from our numerical models. We show that our modeled EMF is fully nonlinear, and it is not possible to apply any of the considered nonlinear dynamo approximations due to the fact that the conditions for the scale separation are not fulfilled.
Discovering Computers: Fundamentals

This fourth edition, from the Shelly Cashman Series, covers the same breadth, but with less depth as Discovering Computers 2008: Complete. This title is ideal for beginning coverage of computer concepts. With the Shelly Cashman Series' project-oriented, step-by-step pedagogy, and full-color screenshots, this book includes new exercises, and tools on the Online Companion. Updated for currency, the latest trends in technology and computer concepts are covered.
Origin of warm and hot gas emission from low-mass protostars: Herschel-HIFI observations of CO J=16-15. I. Line profiles, physical conditions, and H2O abundance

(Abridged) Through spectrally unresolved observations of high-J CO transitions, Herschel-PACS has revealed large reservoirs of warm (300 K) and hot (700 K) molecular gas around low-mass protostars. We aim to shed light on the excitation and origin of the CO ladder observed toward protostars, and on the water abundance in different physical components using spectrally resolved Herschel-HIFI data. Observations are presented of the highly excited CO line J=16-15 with Herschel-HIFI toward 24 low-mass protostellar objects. The spectrally resolved profiles show two distinct velocity components: a broad component with an average FWHM of 20 km/s, and a narrower component with a FWHM of 5 km/s that is often offset from the source velocity. The average rotational temperature over the entire profile, as measured from comparison between CO J=16-15 and 10-9 emission, is ~300 K. A radiative-transfer analysis shows that the average H2O/CO column-density ratio is ~0.02, suggesting a total H2O abundance of ~2x10^-6. Two distinct velocity profiles observed in the HIFI line profiles suggest that the CO ladder observed with PACS consists of two excitation components. The warm component (300 K) is associated with the broad HIFI component, and the hot component (700 K) is associated with the offset HIFI component. The former originates in either outflow cavity shocks or the disk wind, and the latter in irradiated shocks. The ubiquity of the warm and hot CO components suggests that fundamental mechanisms govern the excitation of these components; we hypothesize that the warm component arises when H2 stops being the dominant coolant. In this scenario, the hot component arises in cooling molecular H2-poor gas just prior to the onset of H2 formation. High spectral resolution observations of highly excited CO transitions uniquely shed light on the origin of warm and hot gas in low-mass protostellar objects.
Managing social media uncertainty to support the decision making process during Emergencies

Abstract Recent emergencies have shown the positive impact of using social media and social networks for communicating and exchanging information. Citizens and authorities can make safer decisions during emergencies based on the real-time information available on social media. Decision-making starts with information gathering and social media provides the opportunity to inform multiple citizens at once. However, message and source uncertainty can place emergency stakeholders in a risky position, as it is not always possible to know if messages are accurate, rumours or even malicious. Current approaches for social media information verification focuses on technical resources like analytical packages. Little research has been developed to provide citizens and field workers with tools to evaluate social media information. This paper presents research in progress for developing a verification framework – for all emergency stakeholders – to support their decision-making process by managing social media uncertainty during emergencies.
Problem Solving and Computers in a Learning Environment

Computational thinking is a new problem solving method named for its extensive use of computer science techniques. It synthesizes critical thinking and existing knowledge and applies them to solve complex technological problems. The term was coined by J. Wing [1], but the relationship between computational and critical thinking, the two modes of thinking in solving problems, has not been yet clearly established. This paper aims in shedding some light into this relationship. We also present two classroom experiments performed recently at the Graduate Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Patras, Greece. The result of these experiment give a strong indication that the use of computers as a tool for problem solving enhances the students‟ abilities in solving real world problems involving mathematical modelling. This is crossed by earlier findings of other researchers for the problem solving process in general (not only for mathematical problems).
User-Centric Harmonized Control for Single Joint Assistive Exoskeletons

The world is ageing and this poses a challenge to produce cost-effective solutions that can keep elderly people independent and active by assisting them in daily living activities. In this regard, this paper presents a new control method to provide physical assistance for any of the user joints (e.g., hip, knee, elbow, etc.) as needed by the wearer, by means of an assistive non-medical single joint exoskeleton with a “harmonized controller” capable of providing assistance in a natural way, and varying the assistance as needed by the user performing some activity. The control method is aimed at exoskeletons to provide assistance to users facing difficulty in any activity such as walking, sit-to-stand, etc., and, other than providing assistance as needed, it can also reduce the muscular effort for a completely healthy user. Harmonized control uses exoskeleton-integrated force sensors and motion sensors to identify the user's intentions and the assistance level required, generating appropriate control signals for the actuators by implementing a simple PID controller. To verify the proposed harmonized-control technique, simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK were performed for a single joint system. An experimental test rig for a single joint was also developed using MATLAB Xpc Target for real-time control. User tests were also carried out for the knee joint and the results obtained from simulations, experimentation and user tests are reported and discussed here. The results achieved to date and reported here show harmonized control to be a promising user-centric solution for the development of single joint assistive exoskeletons for support as needed by the user in daily living activities.
Grain-surface reactions in molecular clouds: the effect of cosmic rays and quantum tunnelling

Grain-surface reactions play an essential role in interstellar chemistry, since dust grain catalyses reactions at its surface allowing for the formation of molecules. We used a chemical model in which both gas-phase and grain-surface reactions occur and studied particularly the diffusion mechanisms on the surface of the grains. Surface reactions can occur via thermal hopping when species cross over a potential barrier or via quantum tunneling when species cross through this barrier. We show that the thermal diffusion (hopping) can be much more efficient after a cosmic ray particle collides with a dust grain, heating it to a peak temperature of 70K. We present here the results of numerical simulations after including the quantum tunneling mechanism for species H, H2 and O and considering the effect of cosmic ray particle collision on the surface reactions. As a consequence, the gas-phase and grain-surface abundances are affected and we show that more complex molecules can be formed in molecular clouds.
Effects of the interaction between dark energy and dark matter on cosmological parameters

We examine the effects of possible phenomenological interactions between dark energy and dark matter on cosmological parameters and their efficiency in solving the coincidence problem. We work with two simple parameterizations of the dynamical dark energy equation of state and the constant dark energy equation of state. Using observational data coming from the new 182 Gold type Ia supernova samples, the shift parameter of the Cosmic Microwave Background given by the three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe observations and the baryon acoustic oscillation measurement from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we perform a statistical joint analysis of different forms of phenomenological interaction between dark energy and dark matter.
AGE DETERMINATION OF 15 OLD TO INTERMEDIATE-AGE SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUD STAR CLUSTERS

We present color–magnitude diagrams in the V and I bands for 15 star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) based on data taken with the Very Large Telescope (VLT, Chile). We selected these clusters from our previous work, wherein we derived cluster radial velocities and metallicities from calcium II infrared triplet (CaT) spectra also taken with the VLT. We discovered that the ages of six of our clusters have been appreciably underestimated by previous studies, which used comparatively small telescopes, graphically illustrating the need for large apertures to obtain reliable ages of old and intermediate-age SMC star clusters. In particular, three of these clusters, L4, L6, and L110, turn out to be among the oldest SMC clusters known, with ages of 7.9 ± 1.1, 8.7 ± 1.2, and 7.6 ± 1.0 Gyr, respectively, helping to fill a possible “SMC cluster age gap. ” Using the current ages and metallicities from Parisi et al., we analyze the age distribution, age gradient, and age–metallicity relation (AMR) of a sample of SMC clusters measured homogeneously. There is a suggestion of bimodality in the age distribution but it does not show a constant slope for the first 4 Gyr, and we find no evidence for an age gradient. Due to the improved ages of our cluster sample, we find that our AMR is now better represented in the intermediate/old period than we had derived in Parisi et al., where we simply took ages available in the literature. Additionally, clusters younger than ∼4 Gyr now show better agreement with the bursting model of Pagel & Tautvaišienė, but we confirm that this model is not a good representation of the AMR during the intermediate/old period. A more complicated model is needed to explain the SMC chemical evolution in that period.
Microbiology And Infection

In addition, microorganisms cause many of the known diseases of humans, animals and plants. Knowledge of microbiology will enable you to improve the quality of our lives in relation to the environment, to fight disease, and to combat pollution. Microbiology plays a key role in genetic engineering and other modern biotechnologies, such as antibiotic production and the exploitation of new sources of food and energy. Our degree programme aims to give you an appreciation of the full range of Microbiology while also allowing you to pursue areas of specific interest. During the course of your degree you will study modules such as Virology, Biotechnology, Bacterial disease mechanisms, Microbiomes and Advanced Microbiological Techniques. You will also have the opportunity to select from a wide range of optional modules.
Efficient Software Quality Assurance Approaches Oriented to UML Models in Real Life

UML is accepted as the standard notation for object-oriented (OO) development. UML models have a widespread use in today’s software practices. Any initiative to improve software quality assurance (SQA) should assume that a high percentage of deliverables to be controlled are currently based on the use of UML notation. However, real life projects are strongly influenced by the need of reaching tangible productivity and efficiency goals. SQA techniques should be customized to meet the balance between quality and budget supported by risk analysis. In this chapter, different strategies and techniques devised to follow the above philosophy of efficiency are presented, especially centred in automatic testing generation from specifications. Our proposal is mainly IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING This paper appears in the publication, Verification, Validation, and Testing in Software Engineering edited by Aristides Dasso, Ana Funes © 2007, Idea Group Inc. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB13245
New Trends in Electrophysiology - Auditory Steady State Responses (ASSR) Background and Updates

y Evoking electrical responses from the auditory nervous system (peripheral and central) as a result of acoustic stimulation is defined as Auditory Evoked Response (AER). These responses are recoded with 2 the use of electrodes. Clinically Relavant Time-points in AER Testing y Acoustic Reflexes: 1970s y Auditory Brainstem Response: 1980s y Other electrophysiological tests: 1980-90 y Oto Acoustic Emission: 1990s 3 y Oto-Acoustic Emission: 1990s y Auditory Steady State Response: latest What is the Auditory Steady State Response yPeriodic AER yRecorded from the auditory nervous system yStimulus-continuous y Most commonly used stimuli are amplitude 4 y Most commonly used stimuli are amplitude modulated tones. y Response waveform is complex and constituent frequency components of the ASSR remain constant in terms of amplitude and phase over a period of time (Rickards, 1983). 5 y Research on ASSR primarily started in Australia, Canada and the Cuba. y Clinically, relatively new in the United States of America. The 1 st well known paper on the ASSR was by Galambos et al (1981).