Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speci fi c expression and function of inositol 1 , 4 , 5-trisphosphate 3-kinase C ( ITPKC ) in wild type and knock-out mice

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase C (ITPKC) is the last identified member of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinases family which phosphorylates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate into inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate. Although expression and function of the two other family members ITPKA and ITPKB are rather well characterized, similar information is lacking for ITPKC. Here, we first defined the expression of Itpkc mRNA and protein in mouse tissues and cells using in situ hybridization and new antibodies. Surprisingly, we found that cells positive for ITPKC in the studied tissues express either a multicilium (tracheal and bronchial epithelia, brain ependymal cells), microvilli forming a brush border (small and large intestine, and kidney proximal tubule cells) or a flagellum (spermatozoa), suggesting a role for ITPKC either in the development or the function of these specialized cellular structures. Given this surprising expression, we then analyzed ITPKC function in multiciliated tracheal epithelial cells and sperm cells using our Itpkc knock-out mouse model. Unfortunately, no significant difference was observed between control and mutant mice for any of the parameters tested, leaving the exact in vivo function of this third Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase still open. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ency, CBF; enhanced chemiluminescence, ECL; immunofluorescence, IF; glyc erald ehyde-3-phosphate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, Ins(1,4,5)P3; inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4; Kawasaki protease inhibitors cocktail, PIC; Scanning electron microscopy, SEM.
Quantum information and statistical mechanics: an introduction to frontier

This is a short review on an interdisciplinary field of quantum information science and statistical mechanics. We first give a pedagogical introduction to the stabilizer formalism, which is an efficient way to describe an important class of quantum states, the so-called stabilizer states, and quantum operations on them. Furthermore, graph states, which are a class of stabilizer states associated with graphs, and their applications for measurement-based quantum computation are also mentioned. Based on the stabilizer formalism, we review two interdisciplinary topics. One is the relation between quantum error correction codes and spin glass models, which allows us to analyze the performances of quantum error correction codes by using the knowledge about phases in statistical models. The other is the relation between the stabilizer formalism and partition functions of classical spin models, which provides new quantum and classical algorithms to evaluate partition functions of classical spin models.
The economically optimal warming limit of the planet

Abstract. Both climate-change damages and climate-change mitigation will incur economic costs. While the risk of severe damages increases with the level of global warming (Dell et al., 2014; IPCC, 2014b, 2018; Lenton et al., 2008), mitigating costs increase steeply with more stringent warming limits (IPCC, 2014a; Luderer et al., 2013; Rogelj et al., 2015). Here, we show that the global warming limit that minimizes this century's total economic costs of climate change lies between 1.9 and 2 ∘C, if temperature changes continue to impact national economic growth rates as observed in the past and if instantaneous growth effects are neither compensated nor amplified by additional growth effects in the following years. The result is robust across a wide range of normative assumptions on the valuation of future welfare and inequality aversion. We combine estimates of climate-change impacts on economic growth for 186 countries (applying an empirical damage function from Burke et al., 2015) with mitigation costs derived from a state-of-the-art energy–economy–climate model with a wide range of highly resolved mitigation options (Kriegler et al., 2017; Luderer et al., 2013, 2015). Our purely economic assessment, even though it omits non-market damages, provides support for the international Paris Agreement on climate change. The political goal of limiting global warming to “well below 2 degrees” is thus also an economically optimal goal given above assumptions on adaptation and damage persistence.
Mechanism and therapeutic effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on experimental colitis in mice

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of chronic inflammatory disturbance that affects a number of individuals worldwide; the precise mechanism is unclear and treatment is frequently insufficient to maintain patients in remission. Saccharomyces boulardii is a thermophilic, non-pathogenic yeast that may be administered for prophylaxis and treatment of a variety of diarrheal diseases. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that it may have a role in IBD; however, the mechanism of action is unclear. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are ubiquitously expressed regulators of cellular adaptation to hypoxia and are central to the adaptive and inflammatory responses of cells of the intestinal mucosa in patients with IBD. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of S. boulardii on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and the effects of S. boulardii on HIFs. Mice were divided into five groups (n=10 mice/group): i) Control; ii) DSS; iii) S. boulardii (Sb) + DSS; iv) normal saline (NS) + DSS; and v) Sb. For 14 consecutive days, mice from the Sb+DSS and Sb groups were given S. boulardii suspension in saline (150 mg/kg/day; final volume 0.2 ml) by oral gavage. The NS+DSS group received the same volume of NS by gavage. The Control mice received water only. From day 8 to day 14, 3.5% DSS was added to the drinking water of the DSS, Sb+DSS and NS+DSS groups to induce acute colitis. Body weight decreased and disease activity index and histological score increased in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Oral administration of S. boulardii reduced DSS-induced weight loss, ameliorated the histological damage and protected the colon barrier in mice with DSS-induced colitis. The expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in colon tissues was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The increase in HIFs in the colon induced by DSS was significantly inhibited by S. boulardii treatment. The expression levels of several epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that are regulated by HIFs were measured. S. boulardii reduced EMT and decreased expression of VEGF that was induced by DSS treatment. These results indicated that treatment with S. boulardii ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, partly through downregulation of HIF-1α and HIF-2α.
The embedded cluster or association Trumpler 37 in IC1396: a search for evolutionary constraints

It is currently widely accepted that open star clusters and stellar associations result from the evolution of embedded star clusters. Parameters such star formation efficiency, time-scale of gas removal and velocity dispersion can be determinants of their future as bound or unbound systems. Finding objects at an intermediate evolution state can provide constraints to model the embedded cluster evolution. In the HII region IC1396, Trumpler 37 is an extended young cluster that presents characteristics of an association. We employed the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometry to analysing its structure and stellar content, and determining its astrophysical parameters. We also analysed 11 bright-rimmed clouds in IC1396 in order to search for young infrared star clusters, and the background open star cluster Teutsch 74, to verify whether it has any contribution to the observed stellar density profile of Trumpler 37. The derived parameters and comparison with template objects from other studies lead us to conclude that Trumpler 37, rather than as a star cluster, will probably emerge from its molecular cloud as an OB association.
How accessible are interpreter services to dialysis patients of Non-English Speaking Background?

patient interactions showed that professional interpreters were used in only 25% of the observed occasions. The review of medical records revealed that there was no evidence of interpreter use in 32% of the records belonging to dialysis patients of NESB. The study also showed that non-compliance with dialysis treatment regime was more likely to occur among patients who had limited access to interpreters. Conclusion The study demonstrated a suboptimal utilisation of interpreter services by dialysis patients of NESB. Several barriers to inaccessibility and underutilisation of professional interpreters were identified. Recommendations to improve communication between HCWs and dialysis patients of NESB are suggested.
Using online data and network-based text analysis in HRM research

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose new directions for human resource management (HRM) research by drawing attention to online data as a complementary data source to traditional quantitative and qualitative data, and introducing network text analysis as a method for large quantities of textual material. Design/methodology/approach The paper first presents the added value and potential challenges of utilising online data in HRM research, and then proposes a four-step process for analysing online data with network text analysis. Findings Online data represent a naturally occuring source of real-time behavioural data that do not suffer from researcher intervention or hindsight bias. The authors argue that as such, this type of data provides a promising yet currently largely untapped empirical context for HRM research that is particularly suited for examining discourses and behavioural and social patterns over time. Practical implications While online data hold promise for many novel research questions, it is less appropriate for research questions that seek to establish causality between variables. When using online data, particular attention must be paid to ethical considerations, as well as the validity and representativeness of the sample. Originality/value The authors introduce online data and network text analysis as a new avenue for HRM research, with potential to address novel research questions at micro-, meso- and macro-levels of analysis.
The Effect of Minimum Wage on Poverty

type="main" xml:id="ecot12066-abs-0001"> To the best of my knowledge, the minimum wage's influence on poverty in Russia has never been investigated. Russian data provide a unique opportunity for studying the effects of the minimum wage on poverty, given significant increases in the minimum wage in recent years, almost complete coverage, and a high representation of full-time workers in poor households. This article examines the effect of the minimum wage on the incidence of poverty and the transitions into and out of poverty in Russia using data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) from 2006 to 2011. The results indicate that the minimum wage in Russia had moderate poverty-reducing effects.
COLD FLOW BEHAVIOUR OF A SWIRLING FLUIDIZED BED INCINERATOR

This paper reports the experimental work carried out to determine the cold flow behavior of a swirling fluidized bed incinerator (SFBI) with Quartz sand as bed particles. Three different sizes of sand particles were studied: 425-600μm, 600-850μmand 850-1180μm for four bed heights: 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm and 40 mm. The density of the particles was 2450 kg/m 3 while the gas superficial velocity (Us) was limited to 3 m/s. It was found that the larger particles exceeded the swirl-able regime and only possessed bubbling regime during fluidization. It was also found that the bed pressure drop was higher for higher bed heights and increased when the bed operates in the swirling regime. The study concludes that bed with the smallest particle size (425-600μm) and highest bed height (40 mm) has the desired characteristics to be used in the SFBI.
Soybean in the European Union, Status and Perspective

Originating from China, soybean is currently the most important agricultural commodity traded around the world, both in terms of volumes and money. This crop also shows the most important changes over the last decades by the predominance of genetically modified (GM) crops, dominated by herbicide tolerance traits, and its worldwide cultivation. Due to its important protein content and the increasing demand for proteins in relation with the intensification of livestock production, the soybean surfaces have dramatically increased in several South American countries, such as Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia when compared to the surfaces of soybean in the USA, and at a less extent in Canada (James, 2011). China is still the main (non-GM) soybean producer but the main exporters of (GM) soybean are the USA, Brazil and Argentina. China which was, until the 1930s, the main worldwide exporter but was dethroned in the 1950s by USA exporting soybean as basis of feedstuffs and China is now the main importer with ca 60% of US soy. The success of GM soybean can be explained by the ease of cropping due to GM trait in countries with large fields, particularly for farmers for whom weed management and soil erosion have always been an issue. This segmentation of market between food and feed use is still prevalent into the international trade: Asia mostly cultivates and uses non-GM soybean as a food component while other regions of the world mostly use GM and non-GM soybean as feed component (Birthal et al., 2010). However, since a few years, this trend is changing with the improvement of the living standards of Asian countries such as China, which now imports huge quantities of soybean for livestock feeding due to an increased demand for meat. Currently, the soybean daily price is at its second highest peak after the 2007/2008 peak. Altogether, the soybean daily price increased of only 83% over the 3 last decades due to the current prices’ peak (IndexMundi, International Monetary Fund. April 20, 20111). Despite the fact that several other sources of protein are available for livestock, the flexibility of soybean in feedstuff preparation, particularly for pork and poultry productions, drives the international trade. Its use in bovine production, meat or milk, can be more easily replaced by alternative protein sources, or simply be replaced by pasturage.
J48Consolidated WEKA paketea, adibide ezohikoen patroiak identifikatzeko tresna

Artikulu honetan WEKA ikasketa automatikorako tresnarako CTC algoritmoaren inplementazioa, J48Consolidated paketea, aurkezten da. CTC algoritmoak lagin multzo bat sortzen du eta lagin guztietan dagoen ezagutza kontuan hartuta sailkapen zuhaitz bakarra eraikitzeko gai da, kasu berrien sailkapenaren azalpena galdu gabe. Gainera, lan honetan J48Consolidated-ek sortutako zuhaitzen emaitzak aztertuko dira errealitateko 36 sailkapen problematarako, laginketa mota desberdinetan oinarrituta, eta jatorrizko laginaren estaldura-maila desberdinekin. Emaitzek erakusten dute estaldura maila altuek orokorrean sailkatzeko gaitasuna handitzen dutela eta %75-eko lagin estratifikatuak erabiltzea aukerarik lehiakorrena dela problema hauetan.
Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization ∗

A new particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with has a chaotic neural network structure, is proposed. The structure is similar to the Hopfield neural network with transient chaos, and has an improved ability to search for globally optimal solution and does not suffer from problems of premature convergence. The presented PSO model is discrete-time discrete-state. The bifurcation diagram of a particle shows that it converges to a stable fixed point from a strange attractor, guaranteeing system convergence.
Insider Trading with Partially Informed Traders

The single auction equilibrium of Kyle's (1985) is studied, in which noise traders may be partially informed, or alternatively they can be manipulated. Unlike Kyle's assumption that the quantity traded by the noise traders is independent of the asset value, we assume that the noise traders are able to correlate their trade with the true price. This has several implications for the equilibrium, one being that the insider's expected profits decrease as the noise traders' ability to correlate positively improve. In the limit, the noise traders do not lose on average, and the insider makes zero expected profits. When the correlation is negative, we interpret this as manipulation. In this case the insider makes the highest expected profits, and the informativeness of prices is at its minimum.
Isolation of the P 5 CS gene from reed canary grass and its expression under salt stress

Reed canary grass (RCG) is a perennial grass traditionally cultivated for forage. It is also used as fuel to produce energy in Finland and Sweden, and other countries have expressed interest in the cultivation of RCG. In China, arable land is limited. Salinity is considered to be a major factor limiting plant crop development and productivity. To boost biofuel production of RCG and extend its range in saline soil, we seek to improve its salt tolerance. Proline acts as an osmolyte that accumulates when plants are subjected to abiotic stress. P5CS plays a crucial role in proline biosynthesis. We isolated a P5CS gene from RCG, designated B231P5CS (GenBank accession No. JQ622685). B231P5CS is a fragment (971 bp) that encodes a 323-amino acid polypeptide. We also cloned an actin gene fragment from RCG as a reference gene in expression analysis of B231P5CS gene. Expression analysis revealed that B231P5CS transcripts were upregulated in leaves after treatment with salt (200 mM NaCl) and that transcript levels of B231P5CS reached a maximum 12 h after exposure, which was 14.69
Emotional expression, perceptions of therapy and help-seeking intentions in men attending therapy services

Seventy-three men who were currently accessing or had recently accessed mental health services completed a questionnaire regarding their emotional expression, engagement in therapy, perceptions of treatment helpfulness, and future help-seeking intentions. Perceptions of treatment helpfulness were inversely predicted by alexithymia (mediated by bond) and restrictive emotionality, although these emotional expression variables were unrelated to future help-seeking intentions. Bond was positively related to perceptions of treatment helpfulness and both variables predicted future help-seeking intentions. Contrary to expectations, perceptions of treatment helpfulness did not mediate the relationship between bond and future help-seeking intentions. It was concluded that, once in therapy, bond and perceptions of treatment helpfulness are more important to future help-seeking intentions than a man’s difficulty or discomfort with emotional expression.
Multi-wavelength observations of Proxima Centauri

Aims. We report simultaneous observations of the nearby flare star Proxima Centauri with VLT/UVES and XMM-Newton over three nights in March 2009. Our optical and X-ray observations cover the star’s quiescent state, as well as its flaring activity and allow us to probe the stellar atmospheric conditions from the photosphere into the chromosphere, and then the corona during its different activity stages. Methods. Using the X-ray data, we investigate variations in coronal densities and abundances and infer loop properties for an intermediate-sized flare. The optical data are used to investigate the magnetic field and its possible variability, to construct an emission line list for the chromosphere, and use certain emission lines to construct physical models of Proxima Centauri’s chromosphere. Results. We report the discovery of a weak optical forbidden Fe xiii line at 3388 A during the more active states of Proxima Centauri. For the intermediate flare, we find two secondary flare events that may originate in neighbouring loops, and discuss the line asymmetries observed during this flare in H i ,H ei ,a nd Caii lines. The high time-resolution in the Hα line highlights strong temporal variations in the observed line asymmetries, which re-appear during a secondary flare event. We also present theoretical modelling with the stellar atmosphere code PHOENIX to construct flaring chromospheric models.
The Effectiveness of Direct-Instruction and Student-Centered Teaching Methods on Students' Functional Understanding of Plagiarism

ABSTRACT To improve students' functional understanding of plagiarism, a variety of approaches was tried within a comprehensive information literacy program. Sessions were taught as a “module” inside a required communications skills class at a private university. Approaches taken included control, direct-instruction, and student-centered sessions. Students were taught content and definitions regarding plagiarism, what circumstances or instances constitute plagiarism, where to go for help in avoiding plagiarism, and what constitutes appropriate paraphrasing. Pretest and posttest scores indicated that no approach performed significantly better than the others; however, even though students improved across all methods, they nonetheless showed the need for more hands-on practice.
Title Improved variant discovery through local re-alignment of short-read next-generation sequencing data using SRMA Permalink

A primary component of next-generation sequencing analysis is to align short reads to a reference genome, with each read aligned independently. However, reads that observe the same non-reference DNA sequence are highly correlated and can be used to better model the true variation in the target genome. A novel short-read micro realigner, SRMA, that leverages this correlation to better resolve a consensus of the underlying DNA sequence of the targeted genome is described here.
CoMapping: Efficient 3D-Map Sharing Methodology for Decentralized cases

CoMapping is a framework to efficient manage, share, and merge 3D map data between mobile robots. The main objective of this framework is to implement a Collaborative Mapping for outdoor environments. The framework structure is based on two stages. During the first one, the Pre-Local Mapping stage, each robot constructs a real time pre-local map of its environment using Laser Rangefinder data and low cost GPS information only in certain situations. Afterwards, the second one is the Local Mapping stage where the robots share their pre-local maps and merge them in a decentralized way in order to improve their new maps, renamed now as local maps. An experimental study for the case of decentralized cooperative 3D mapping is presented, where tests were conducted using three intelligent cars equipped with LiDAR and GPS receiver devices in urban outdoor scenarios. We also discuss the performance of the cooperative system in terms of map alignments.
Bidirectional Transformation Enables Hierarchical Nanolaminate Dual‐Phase High‐Entropy Alloys

Microstructural length‐scale refinement is among the most efficient approaches to strengthen metallic materials. Conventional methods for refining microstructures generally involve grain size reduction via heavy cold working, compromising the material's ductility. Here, a fundamentally new approach that allows load‐driven formation and permanent refinement of a hierarchical nanolaminate structure in a novel high‐entropy alloy containing multiple principal elements is reported. This is achieved by triggering both, dynamic forward transformation from a faced‐centered‐cubic γ matrix into a hexagonal‐close‐packed ε nanolaminate structure and the dynamic reverse transformation from ε into γ. This new mechanism is referred to as the “bidirectional transformation induced plasticity” (B‐TRIP) effect, which is enabled through a near‐zero yet positive stacking fault energy of γ. Modulation of directionality in the transformation is triggered by local dissipative heating and local micromechanical fields. The simple thermodynamic and kinetic foundations for the B‐TRIP effect render this approach generally suited for designing metastable strong and ductile bulk materials with hierarchical nanolaminate substructures.