Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amino Acid Contents of Indigofera arrecta Leaves after Application of Foliar Fertilizer

The experiment aimed to investigate foliar fertilizer application effects on amino acid content of Indigofera leaves. Indigofera arrecta was planted in plots during both rainy and dry seasons. Foliar fertilizer concentrations consisted of 10 g, 20 g, 30 g, 40 g and 50 g, which solved in 10 L solvent were applied on sixteen individual plants per plot. The fertilizer was applied 4 times during vegetative growing period. Block randomized design with 3 replications was used in this experiment. The foliar fertilizer containing 20%-22% N (N total), 15%-16% P (P2O5), 15%-16% K, 1.5% Mg, 1% Ca, 1% Fe, 1.42% Zn, 0.53% Cu, 0.88% Mo, 0.53% B and growth hormone 0.025% indole acetic acid (IAA) and giberelic acid (GA) was applied. Samples of each plot were composited leaves from 3 harvest times. The result showed that the foliar fertilizer did not affect aspartic acid, serine, histidine, threonine, tyrosine, valine, methionine, iso-leusine and leusine content of Indigofera leave. Foliar fertilizer application up to 50 g/10 L resulted in higher (P ＜ 0.05) glutamate acid, glysine, arginine, alanine, proline and lysine than those of other fertilizer levels.
Efecto del tamaño de particular y la humedad sobre la combustión de bagazo de caña en un horno de lecho fijo

The panela industry is one of the most important Agro Industries in Colombia, making it the largest percapita consumer and the second largest producer worldwide. The fuel used in this process is traditionally the sugarcane bagasse (SB) which is a byproduct of milling. However, due to the low efficiency of panela furnaces additional fuel is required such as wood, used rubber tires and coal. The fixed-bed furnaces inefficiency is mainly due to incomplete combustion of SB caused by the influence of process variables. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the influence of particle size (PS) and moisture content (MC) over the combustion stages of SB in fixed-bed furnaces. A three-level factorial design was proposed for PS and MC of SB where the temperature and gas concentration were considered as response variables to evaluate the furnace performance. The results obtained in this work show that if the MC increases then the SB yield in the combustion is decreased. On the other hand, the increasing PS can counteract the effect of the MC of SB.
Utilizing the interface adsorption of nitrogen for the growth of high-quality GaInAsN/GaAs quantum wells by metal organic chemical vapor deposition for near infrared applications

We have investigated the composition and optical properties of GaInAsN/GaAs single quantum wells grown using metal organic chemical vapor epitaxy at 500 °C. Using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and photoluminescence spectroscopy, we have shown the presence of a 1–2 nm thick nitrogen-rich interfacial layer at the first interface grown. The inhomogeneous asymmetric distribution of nitrogen atoms along the growth direction is attributed to the dominance of surface kinetics, nonlinear dependence of N incorporation on In content, and the strain gradient effect on the effective diffusion of N. We have utilized this finding to grow high quality quantum wells.
Phase transitions and optical absorption edge in CuInP2Se6 layered ferrielectrics

Temperature studies of optical absorption spectra in the range of the fundamental absorption edge for layered CuInP 2 Se 6 single crystals obtained by the technique combining recrystallization and vapor-phase transport, are reported. The temperature behavior of the absorption-edge spectra is the evidence for the essential changes of the dynamical disordering of CuInP 2 Se 6 crystal structure at second-order (T 0 ≃249K) and first-order (T c ≃236K) phase transitions. The present anomalous temperature hysteresis and the glass-like behavior of the exponential absorption edge in the intermediate phase resemble those being observed in the incommensurate phases of ferroelectrics.
The Structure and Stability of Alpha-helical, Orthogonal-bundle Proteins on Surfaces

The Structure and Stability of Alpha-helical, Orthogonal-bundle Proteins on Surfaces Shuai Wei Department of Chemical Engineering Master of Science The interaction of proteins with surfaces is a major problem involved in protein microarrays. Understanding protein/surface interactions is key to improving the performance of protein microarrays, but current understanding of the behavior of proteins on surfaces is lacking. Prevailing theories on the subject, which suggest that proteins should be stabilized when tethered to surfaces, do not explain the experimentally observed fact that proteins are often denatured on surfaces. In an attempt to develop some predictive capabilities with respect to protein/surface interactions, it was asked in previous works if the stabilization/destabilization of proteins on surfaces could be correlated to secondary structure and found that no link existed. However, further investigation has revealed that proteins with similar tertiary structure show predictable stabilization patterns. In this research, it is reported how five, alpha-helical, orthogonal-bundle proteins behave on the surface compared to the bulk. By measuring stabilization using melting temperatures and the Gibbs energies of folding, it is shown that the stability of proteins tethered to surfaces can be correlated to the shape of the loop region where the tether is placed and the free rotation ability of the part of proteins near surfaces. It is also shown that any destabilization that occurs because of the surface is an enthalpic effect and that surfaces always stabilize proteins entropically. Furthermore, the entropical stabilization effect comes from unfolded states of the tethered protein, while the enthalpical destabilization effect is from the folded states of protein. A further analysis of surface induced change of folding mechanism is also studied with a multistate protein 7LZM in this research. The result showed that by tethering a protein on a surface, the melting temperature of part of the protein changed, which leads to a miss of state.
Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Laser Ablation in Acetone： Influence of Ablation Time and Their Reactivity with Oxygen in the Air

In this work, a method is proposed to control silver nanoparticle dimensions produced by laser ablation varying the ablation time and introducing a sonication phase between ablation and the successive deposition on the substrate. The absorption spectra during laser ablation show a main band, which identifies the dimensions of main particles. The appearance of secondary bands indicates the beginning of an aggregation process with the formation of a small concentration of particles which are spheroid in shape. SEM (secondary electron microscope) images of particle produced with different ablation times confirm the results of absorption measurements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and cathodo-luminescence spectroscopy indicate a high reactivity of the nanoparticles deposited on a substrate. They react with oxygen in the air forming an oxide layer which reveals a luminescence in the blue region.
Anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of Derris elliptica (Roxb.) Benth. leaf extract on three human cancer cell lines

This study investigates selective cytotoxicity of the ethanol extract of Derris elliptica leaves (DEE) and its apoptosis-inducing activities against three different human cancer cell lines, namely HepG2 (hepatocyte carcinoma), Jurkat (leukemic cell line) and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) cells. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used for determining cell proliferation. Nuclear morphological changes and DNA fragmentation were examined by Hoechst 33258 staining and agarose gel electrophoresis respectively. DEE shows anti-proliferative effect against cancer cells with a more pronounced activity in Jurkat than MCF-7 and HepG2, but is less toxic to human normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. DEE also induces chromatin condensation, apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation in all cell lines tested with the highest apoptosis induction towards Jurkat cells.
Developmental Toxicity Potential of Nitroguanidine in Rabbits

Abstract : The potential of nitroguanidine to produce developmental toxicity was evaluated in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. Nitroguanidine, suspended in 1% carboxymethylcellulose, was administered at doses of 0, 100, 316, and 1000 milligrams/kg/day by oral gavage on Days 6 through 15 of gestation. Fetuses were delivered by cesarean section on Day 20, weighed, examined externally, and processed in either Bouin's solution for visceral examination or alizarin red stain for skeletal examination. Following a generalized failure to thrive, two animals in the 1000 milligrams/kg/day group died and one was terminated in a moribund condition. At necropsy, significant quantities of nitroguanidine were present in the stomachs of these three animals. Nitroguanidine given at 1000 milligrams/kg/day produced decreased food consumption, weight loss, dehydration, red urine, and red material on nose/whiskers in the dams during the treatment period and decreased weight gain from Day 0 to Day 20 of gestation. Fetuses from the 1000 milligrams/kg/day group were significantly smaller than controls with an increased incidence of retarded ossification of the sternebrae, caudal vertebrae, pubis. There was no evidence of developmental toxicity of nitroguanidine in rats under conditions of this study. Nitroguanidine produced maternal and fetal toxicity at the 1000 milligrams/kg/day dose level. The no- observed-effect level was 316 milligrams/kg/day. Keywords: Developmental toxicology, Teratology, Nitroguanidine, Rats.
EFFECT OF SOME ANTIOXIADNTS AND METHYL- DONORS ON THE PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF TURKEY HENS

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of using some antioxidants and methyl-donors on the productive and reproductive performance of turkeys. This study was carried out at Mehalet Mousa Animal Production Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, belonging to the Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt. A total of 168 Bronze female turkeys, 36 weeks of age were used. The birds were randomly distributed into 8 experimental groups, each treatment consisted of three equal replicates. The birds were individually housed in battery cages. The experimental period lasted 12 weeks (from 36 to 48 weeks of age). The birds were fed a basal yellow corn-soybean meal diet, supplemented with two natural antioxidants, vitamin E (alpha-tocopheryl acetate) at 250 mg/kg diet and vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) at 200 mg/kg diet in addition to Choline (Choline chloride 60%) at 2.25 g/kg diet one of labile methyl group donors, singly or in combination. The results obtained can be summarized as follows. Dietary supplementation with vitamin E had positive effects on feed conversion, henday egg production rate (P≤0.05), egg fertility and total hatchability and length of oviduct of turkey hens as compared to those of the control hens. There were no significant differences among the different dietary treatments in mortality rate, relative weights of egg albumen, egg yolk, yolk index, shell thickness, yolk color, concentrations of blood haemoglobin and serum total protein, hatchability of fertile eggs or in relative weights of carcass traits of turkey hens. It can be concluded that dietary supplementation with vitamin E at 250 mg/kg diet can induce beneficial effects on productive productive and reproductive performance of turkey hens.
Porous Silica Matrix Obtained from Pyrex Glass by Hydrothermal Treatment: Characterization and Nature of the Porosity

A novel porous silica matrix has been prepared from Pyrex glass, using hydrothermal treatment under saturated-steam condition. This process makes it possible to obtain, in one step, a silica support formed of a homogeneously distributed and interconnected macropore microstructure. The new matrix contains silanol groups that can be used in reactions of surface modification to provide a hybrid material and a selective macrofiltration membrane, and also it can improve chemical inertness. The porous matrix is noncrystalline as obtained and, after thermal treatment at temperatures higher than 950°C, exhibits an X-ray pattern characteristic of α-cristobalite and low volume contraction. The present samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffractometry, atomic absorption, and high-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. The results present a new way of producing a macroporous silica matrix.
Controllably tuning the near-infrared plasmonic modes of gold nanoplates for enhanced optical coherence imaging and photothermal therapy

Tuning the localized surface plasmon modes of gold nanostructures to be in resonance with near-infrared incident light is desirable in various applications such as biosensing, biomedicine/therapy and opto-electronic devices. Unfortunately, current methods for regulating the plasmon modes of gold nanoparticles still suffer from poor controllability and reproducibility. Here, we developed a facile and effective method to precisely tailor the plasmon mode of gold triangular nanoprisms (GTNPs) by simply exposing them to O3 atmosphere. The resonant wavelength of the plasmon mode sustained by the GTNPs can be steadily tuned over a broad spectral range varying from 1010 nm to 780 nm (within the bio-window region), along with their shapes gradually changing from triangular nanoprism into circular nanoplate. By controlling the concentrations of O3, exposure duration, the concentrations of surfactant in suspension and the reaction temperature, GTNPs with various plasmon modes could be efficiently obtained from one original GTNPs sample. To demonstrate the potential applications of these GTNPs, we applied this method to obtain gold nanoplates as-needed for enhanced optical coherence tomography (OCT) and photothermal therapy. The plasmon mode of GTNPs was tuned to match the excitation wavelength of the OCT laser source, and was applied to enhance the signal of OCT imaging. The plasmon mode of GTNPs was also precisely tuned to 808 nm which was well resonant with the wavelength of a near-infrared excitation laser (λex = 808 nm); when the as-obtained GTNPs were used as a photothermal agent, they displayed an enhanced effect of photothermal therapy on Hela cancer cells compared to those without the tuning of the plasmon mode. Considering the simplicity and high controllability of the method for fine-tuning the plasmonic mode of GTNPs, this work has great potential in a wide range of applications such as biomedical imaging and thermotherapy, chemical/biological sensing, surface-enhanced spectroscopy and solar energy harvesting, etc.
Isotopic r-process abundances and nuclear structure far from stability.

Attempts to explain the source of r-process elements in nature by particular astrophysical sites face the entwined uncertainties, stemming from the extrapolation of nuclear properties far from stability, inconsistent sources of different properties (e.g., nuclear masses and half-lives), and the (poor) understanding of astrophysical conditions, which are hard to disentangle. We utilize the full isotopic r-process abundances in nature [especially in all of the three peaks (A≃80, 130, 195)] and a unified model for all nuclear properties involved (aided by recent experimental knowledge in the r-process path), to deduce uniquely the conditions necessary to produce such an abundance pattern
Quantification of multiple adulterants in beef protein powder by FT-NIR

With its adverse effects on the health of consumers and the global economy, food adulteration is considered to be one of the pressing issues of our times. Beef Protein powders (BPP) are particularly among the most fraud-prone products mainly due to their ever-growing consumption. For the purpose of our study, FT-NIR spectroscopy was applied to quantify four commonly used adulterants: Melamine (M), Urea (U), Glycine (G) and Taurine (T) in BPP. Analysis with chemometric tools proved the efficiency of the aforementioned technique as a rapid nondestructive analytical tool for the detection of Beef protein powder adulteration.
Correlation between Surface Diffusion and Molecular Diffusion in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography

Surface diffusion data previously measured for different compounds, mobile phase solvents, stationary phases, and temperatures in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) were reevaluated to derive information related to the mechanism and characteristic features of surface diffusion. First, a comparison of the surface diffusion coefficient (Ds) and the corresponding molecular diffusivity (Dm) suggests that the dependence of Ds on the RPLC conditions is a consequence of that of Dm. There is a correlation between surface diffusion coefficients and molecular diffusivity. Second, we showed that Ds correlates with the adsorption equilibrium constant (K) and the isosteric heat of adsorption (Qst). These two parameters represent the intensity of the adsorptive interactions between the sample molecules and the surface of the stationary phase. Finally, the ratio Ds/Dm increases with decreasing K and −Qst and Ds becomes of the same order of magnitude as Dm when the adsorptive interactions become small. These res.
Crystallite Orientation Distribution in Biaxially Oriented Polyethylene

The procedure of Roe for describing the crystallite orientation in polycrystalline samples having general texture is tested using two samples of biaxially drawn polyethylene. An automated four‐circle diffractometer was used to obtain 12 pole figures (4332 fixed points) for the film having stretching ratios 3.0 × 2.0, and 13 pole figures (4693 fixed points) for the film having stretching ratios 1.7 × 1.6. The selection of measurement geometry, procedures for data reduction and correction, and methods for computer calculation of the crystallite orientation distribution are described. While the best representation of the crystallite orientation distribution was obtained from the series of generalized associated Legendre polynomials by retaining terms through l = 12, the characteristic features of the distribution are already evident when the series is truncated at l = 6. Thus, for materials belonging to the orthorhombic crystal class, as few as four or five pole figures suffice to determine the principal fea.
Cost Effective Adsorption of Aluminium and Iron from Synthetic and Real Wastewater by Rice Hull Activated Carbon (RHAC)

The adsorption of aluminium(III) and iron(III) ions from their single and binary systems, by RHAC was investigated in a batch system. The activated carbon prepared from rice hulls was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transformation infrared techniques. Batch adsorption experiments were performed under different operating conditions including pH (2 - 5), adsorbent dosage (0.5 - 2.0 g/l), initial ion concentration (5 - 100 mg/l), and contact time (30 - 240 min). The equilibrium time for maximum ions removal was found to be 180 min in single and binary ions systems. The kinetics of adsorption was evaluated using the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic models. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin equilibrium models were applied to the adsorption experimental data. Real wastewater samples were collected from different locations to investigate the efficiency of rice hull activated carbon in treating real samples. The real wastewater samples were treated with the activated carbon prepared from rice hulls and a commercial activated carbon. The results showed that the activated carbon prepared in the present work was more efficient in the removal of aluminium and iron from real wastewater as compared to the commercial activated carbon which is more advantageous considering both economics and environmental parameters.
Formation and morphology control of nanoparticlesvia solution routes in an autoclave

Formation and morphology control of nanomaterials is a crucial issue in nanoscience research in the exploitation of novel properties. This article presents a review of some research activities on the formation and morphology control of nanoparticlesvia solution routes in an autoclave over the last decade. Several solution systems, including hydrothermal, solvothermal and mixed solvothermal routes, are specifically discussed and highlighted. A helical belt template mechanism was proposed for the formation of the Te nanotubes in aqueous ammonia. Assisted by the surfactant of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS), nickel nanobelts were hydrothermally synthesized. Ethylenediamine (En) and n-butylamine can be used as shape controllers to one-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanostructures in the solvothermal process. The phase of metastable and stable MnS crystallites can be controlled by solvothermal reaction in various solvents. Selective preparation of 1D to 3D CdS nanostructures was achieved by controlling the volume ratio of the mixed solvents. With poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) serving as a soft template, the transformation from nanowires to nanotubes, then to nanowires was observed in the mixed solvents of distilled water and ethanolamine (EA).
Aggregate formation and its effect on (opto)electronic properties of guest-host organic semiconductors

We quantify guest molecule aggregation and its effect on the photoconductive properties of guest-host thin films, depending on the guest concentration and host material. A high-performance anthradithiophene (ADT) derivative served as a guest, while functionalized benzothiophene (BTBTB) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were chosen as hosts. Aggregates exhibited redshifted optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra, as well as reduced PL quantum yields. Propensity toward guest aggregation differed for PMMA and BTBTB hosts. Photocurrents dramatically increased as the percentage of aggregated guest molecules increased due to considerably higher charge carrier mobility in the aggregates. At low guest concentrations, BTBTB films outperformed PMMA films.