Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Evaluation of Growth Performance, Photosynthetic Capacity, and Primary and Secondary Metabolite Content of Leaf Lettuce Grown under Limited Irradiation of Blue and Red LED Light in an Urban Plant Factory

Plant production in urban areas is receiving much attention due to its potential role in feeding the rapidly growing population of city dwellers. However, higher energy demands in urban plant factories are among the key challenges that need to be addressed. Artificial lighting is responsible for the most significant levels of energy consumption in plant factories; therefore, lighting systems must be modulated in consideration of the sustainable food–energy nexus. In this context, low light irradiation using blue (B) and red (R) LED was applied in a plant factory for the growth of red leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var Lollo rosso) to evaluate the growth performance and functional quality. The tested B (450 nm) and R (660 nm) light ratios were B/R = 5:1; 3:1; 1:1; 1:3, and 1:5, with a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 90 ± 3 µmol m−2 s−1. In the plant factory, the photoperiod, temperature, RH, and CO2 conditions were 16 h d−1, 20 ± 0.5 °C, 65% ± 5%, and 360 ± 10 μL L−1, respectively. The lettuce was harvested 10 and 20 days after the commencement of LED light treatment (DAT). In this study, normal photosynthetic activity and good visual quality of the lettuce were observed. The results show that a higher fraction of R (B/R = 1:5) significantly increased plant growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, plant fresh and dry weight, and carbohydrate content. By contrast, a higher fraction of B (B/R = 5:1) significantly increased the photosynthetic parameters and contents of pigment and phenolic compounds. The rate of photosynthetic performance, carbohydrates (except starch), and content of phenolic compounds were highest after 10 DAT, whereas the pigment contents did not significantly differ at the different growth stages. It is concluded that high R fractions favor plant growth and carbohydrate content, while high B fractions favor photosynthetic performance and the accumulation of pigments and phenolic compounds in red leaf lettuce under limited lighting conditions. This study will help in designing artificial lighting conditions for plant factory production to reduce energy demands.
The Integrative Five-Fluid Circulation System in the Human Body

Water is the key medium to transport numerous constituents and to provide a platform for physiological processes to take place in the living organisms in general; it also participates actively in many of these processes. In humans, there are different vehicles to contain water and its constituents. Our objective is to find out whether there is an overall water-base circulation system in the human body by analyzing the updated findings of different research groups on the physiological functions of various seemingly isolated fluid systems. By 1963, there were five separate fluid systems discovered in mammalians: (i) The Primo Vasculature Fluid (PVF) with protein precursors and micro cells held in the Primo Vasculature System (PVS). (ii) Blood with its constituents held in the cardio vasculature. (iii) Extracranial interstitial fluid (ISF) whose vehicle had a very irregular structure—the interstitium all over the body. (iv) The cerebrospinal fluid had been considered to be within the brain ventricles and spinal canal. (v) The extra-cranial lymphatic system which drained ISF, and had been known to join the subclavian vein. Fluid (i) was first reported in 1963 and fluids (ii) to (v) have been known for many decades, but the failure to detect a lymphatic system inside the skull has also been a mystery for many decades. The intra-cranial ISF (which we name as BISF) has drawn little attention, apart from discussing the mechanism of the blood-brain-barrier. During the past decade, there has been direct evidence indicating that CSF and BISF are actually mixed. After that, the intracranial lymphatic system was discovered and confirmed in animal models only slightly over one year back, and we called such fluid as glymphatic-fluid. After reviewing the stated “classical” five fluid systems together with the new findings in Sections 2 - 7, we propose, for the first time, that the PVF, the blood, ISF, a mixture of CSF-BISF, and a mixture of glymphatic-fluid and lymph form an integrative circulation system in water base in the human and other mammalian bodies, as schematically represented in the last section. In this paper, we point out the positive correlation of chronic neuro degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s diseases and the insufficient brain wastes clearance by the glymphatic system. We also discuss the role played by the venous vessels as part of such clearance in upright posture. Moreover, simple non-invasive maneuver techniques are introduced here, as one example of enhancement of glymphatic fluid flow out of the skull to join the lymphatic system. A series of questions are raised in Section 8, the answers to which would help us to understand the transition from physio- to pathological states in the development of many diseases. Detailed analysis of this paper leads us to consider that research in understanding this integrative circulation system is only at the infancy stage, and fluid dynamics investigation seems to be the plausible modality of approach in the near future.
Aptasensors Technologies for Aflatoxins B1 Application

*Corresponding author: Xiaodong Guo, Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products (Beijing), Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China Jiaqi Wanga, Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products (Beijing), Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
Development of a mathematical model of molecular-selective gas transfer in a hybrid membrane-adsorption oxygen concentrator

Most modern oxygen concentrators use sorption air separation technology. The development of a hybrid membrane-sorption separation technology can improve the energy efficiency of the process. The paper considers a mathematical model of molecular-selective gas transfer in a hybrid oxygen concentrator consisting of adsorption and membrane units combined into a circulation loop. The considered hybrid model has based on a model of equilibrium isothermal sorption with linear isotherms without longitudinal mixing for numerical calculation of the adsorption unit of the system and a model of ideal displacement in the high-pressure cavity with perpendicular outflow in the low-pressure cavity to calculate the system membrane unit. In the course of the study, the high adequacy of the model was obtained with an experiment in the range of oxygen concentrations up to 90%, and a comparison was made with previously obtained results. A new model has been proposed that can take into account the equalization and countercurrent blowing stages.
Nowa redakcja katolickiego nauczania o karze śmierci – rewolucja czy drobna korekta?

The author considers a change of the Catechism of the Catholic Church regarding the death penalty carried out at the initiative of Pope Francis in 2018 from the perspective of the theory of criminal punishment and legal doctrines. According to the Church's latest teaching, capital punishment is totally unacceptable. In order to assess the extent to which this is a breakthrough change, the author presents in a synthetic way the attitude of Christians throughout history against the main penalty. Recalls m.in. teaching the Church’s Fathers, Tomasz Aquinas and John Paul II. This leads him to the conclusion that the indication of the inadmissibility of the death penalty after pointing out that the aim of protecting society can be achieved today through penitentiary systems is not a revolutionary change.
Differentiated transmission services and optimization based on two‐dimensional forwarding for Internet traffic in the AS

Two‐dimensional routing (TD routing) implements flexible multipath transmission according to the inherent fields of IP packets. However, it may cause large overhead on routers' control plane and data plane. Focusing on autonomous systems with multiple exits, this paper proposes a differentiated transmission services and optimization based on two‐dimensional forwarding for Internet traffic in the autonomous system (AS) (DOTF). The optimal path from the access router to the border router is calculated by the border router. Then two‐dimensional routing information (TDRI) is advertised hop by hop along the reverse path of the optimal path to establish a TD transmission path. DOTF propagates routing information by extending the open shortest path first (OSPF). It compresses message content and optimizes the TDRI structure. TDRI is only released on the specific paths, which greatly reduces the resource consumption in the routers' control plane and data plane. We also analyze the merging of TD routing and one‐dimensional routing (OD routing), reducing the deployment of TD routing entries (TD‐REs). Our experiments on real routers demonstrate the performance of DOTF. The convergence characteristics of TD routing are also analyzed.
A Deep CNN Ensemble Framework for Efficient DDoS Attack Detection in Software Defined Networks

As novel technologies continue to reshape the digital era, cyberattacks are also increasingly becoming more commonplace and sophisticated. Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are, perhaps, the most prevalent and exponentially-growing attack, targeting the varied and emerging computational network infrastructures across the globe. This necessitates the design of an efficient and early detection of large-scale sophisticated DDoS attacks. Software defined networks (SDN) point to a promising solution, as a network paradigm which decouples the centralized control intelligence from the forwarding logic. In this work, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) ensemble framework for efficient DDoS attack detection in SDNs is proposed. The proposed framework is evaluated on a current state-of-the-art Flow-based dataset under established benchmarks. Improved accuracy is demonstrated against existing related detection approaches.
Working Group on Widely Distributed Stocks (WGWIDE)

The Working Group on Widely Distributed Stocks (WGWIDE) reports on the status and considerations for management of Northeast-Atlantic mackerel, blue whiting, Western and North Sea horse mackerel, Northeast-Atlantic boarfish, Norwegian spring-spawning herring, striped red mullet (Subareas 6, 8 and Divisions 7.a-c, e-k and 9.a), and red gurnard (Subareas 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8) stocks.
Search and Price Dispersion in Oligopolies

We explore equilibrium price dispersion in an oligopolistic product market with search frictions. Consumers know prices, but due to informational frictions, search is random. The distinct feature of our theory is that consumers’ aggregate demand functions are obtained endogenously. We show that price dispersion generically arises if firms have a heterogeneous price impact on consumers’ search strategy, resulting in demand curves with different price elasticities. Otherwise, cost heterogeneity is required. Crucially, this phenomenon only emerges if there is heterogeneity on both sides of the market. As frictions vanish, so does price dispersion, resolving Diamond’s paradox. However, dispersion might not fall monotonically. In cases of only one-sided heterogeneity, demand curves are shown to be equally elastic, resulting in a unique equilibrium without dispersion. In particular, if consumers are homogeneous, demand curves are infinitely inelastic, and so, all firms charge the monopolistic price. Our theory provides a common explanation — built on the endogenous demand price elasticity properties— for how heterogeneity leads to price dispersion. ∗We have benefited from the feedback received during the seminars at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, MIPP-CEA, Universidad de Concepción and Universidad Diego Portales. José Antonio acknowledges financial support from FONDECYT #11170933. †Facultad de Ingenieŕıa y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, 2640 Diagonal Las Torres, Santiago, Chile. E-mail: jose.carrasco@uai.cl, web: www.tonocarrasco. com. ‡Departamento de Ingenieŕıa Comercial, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, 6400 Av. Santa Maŕıa, Santiago, Chile. E-mail: rodrigo.yanezn@usm.cl. Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3431673
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Desa Berbasis Website (Studi Kasus Desa Netpala)

Abstract The development of the village government are now either in the presence of village funds from the central government that aim to advance, village the current rural development related to information technology support, almost luminance village need to improve information technology services to the.One example from the village, about the internet the internet is not currently only enjoyed by urban residents but comes to. village communityThe difficulty of access to information that is keen to develop research make village based information system website for the purpose of improving public services, village access to information can be obtained easily, for the villagers, promotion , potential of the village , population area and forth with, literature in a interview observation, field and drafting, system the website based information system able to improve services to the community so that information to the public can be accessed easily and accurately.
The mitigation hierarchy for sharks: A risk‐based framework for reconciling trade‐offs between shark conservation and fisheries objectives

Hollie Booth* a,b, Dale Squires c, E.J. Milner-Gullanda a) The Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK. hollie.booth@ox.zoo.ox.uk; ej.milnergulland@zoo.ox. ac.uk b) Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Blvd, The Bronx, NY 10460, United States c) Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, San Diego, CA, USA, 8901. dale.squires@noaa.gov *Corresponding author
Development of novel anti-malarial from structurally diverse library of molecules, targeting plant-like Calcium Dependent Protein Kinase 1, a multistage growth regulator of P. falciparum

Upon Plasmodium falciparum merozoites exposure to low [K+] environment in blood plasma, there is escalation of cytosolic [Ca2+] which activates Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 (CDPK1), a signaling hub of intra-erythrocytic proliferative stages of parasite. Given its high abundance and multidimensional attributes in parasite life-cycle, this is a lucrative target for desiging antimalarials. Towards this, we have virtually screened MyriaScreenII diversity collection of 10,000 drug-like molecules, which resulted in 18 compounds complementing ATP-binding pocket of CDPK1. In vitro screening for toxicity in mammalian cells revealed that these compounds are non-toxic in nature. Further, SPR analysis demonstrated differential binding affinity of these compounds towards recombinantly purified CDPK1 protein. Selection of lead compound 1 was performed by evaluating their inhibitory effects on phosphorylation and ATP binding activities of CDPK1. Further, in vitro biophysical evaluations by ITC and FS revealed that binding of compound 1 is driven by formation of energetically favorable non-covalent interactions, with different binding constants in presence and absence of Ca2+, and TSA authenticated stability of compound 1 bound CDPK1 complex. Finally, compound 1 strongly inhibited intra-erythrocytic growth of P. falciparum in vitro. Concievably, we propose a novel CDPK1-selective inhibitor, step towards developing pan-CDPK kinase inhibitors, prerequisite for cross-stage anti-malarial protection.
Implicit-Euler Implementation of Super-Twisting Observer and Twisting Controller for Second-Order Systems

This brief proposes new discrete-time algorithms of the super-twisting observer and the twisting controller to be applied to second-order systems. The algorithms are based on the full implicit-Euler discretization, which contributes to the elimination of chattering. Proofs of some stability properties of the discretized twisting controller are also provided. Simulations show that, as compared to traditional explicit-Euler schemes, the proposed scheme avoids the chattering both in trajectory tracking output and control input in the presence of external disturbances.
Post-Brexit Boomer blaming: The contradictions of generational grievance

Following the UK’s 2016 Referendum on membership of the European Union (EU), a narrative emerged positioning Baby Boomers as ‘to blame’ for the result, which drew largely on a pre-existing claim that this generation is responsible for a range of contemporary social problems. Using cultural script analyses of the ‘Baby Boomer problem’, this article considers the development of this narrative and its implications for the sociology of knowledge. A study of newspaper articles published around the time of the EU Referendum finds that the Baby Boomer motif is employed as a metaphorical shorthand for a range of ‘troubling conditions’, including economic crises, cultural conflicts and political divisions. The escalating rhetoric of ‘Boomer blaming’ pursued by claimsmaking organisations has sought to consolidate and extend a sentiment of generational grievance, which informs wider claims about a political divide between old and young. One consequence has been the weaponisation of the concept of generation: a development that threatens to undermine the value of this concept as a way of understanding social and historical change.
Simultaneous fault detection and isolation and fault-tolerant control using supervisory control technique: asynchronous switching approach

This article focuses on the design of a novel active fault-tolerant control scheme based on supervisory control technique for a class of nonlinear systems. This framework relies on a supervisory switching among a finite family of predesigned candidate controllers, which simultaneously performs isolation and accommodation of intermittent faults. This method does not require any additional model or filter bank for fault isolation. Two controller switching algorithms are introduced based on the dwell time and state which are designed especially for this purpose. There is often some time delay between fault occurrence and accommodation. This delay, which is called as the fault detection and isolation delay, causes the asynchronous switching between the system mode and the candidate controller. For the investigation of the stability of the faulty system under asynchronous switching, we explicitly construct piecewise Lyapunov function based on the knowledge of the known Lyapunov function for each operating mode. Then, by using this piecewise Lyapunov function, a new average dwell-time condition is provided on the maximum admissible fault occurrence rate. This condition guarantees the input-to-state stability of the system with respect to the reference signal. The behavior and performance of the proposed fault-tolerant control/fault detection and isolation scheme are demonstrated on the pitch-axis air vehicle model. The hardware-in-the-loop simulation is an important test for the evaluation of the air vehicle autopilot system before flight test. Therefore, the hardware-in-the-loop simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in the autopilot control loop.
Born‐digital biodiversity data: Millions and billions

Given the dramatic pace of change of our planet, we need rapid collection of environmental data to document how species are coping and to evaluate the impact of our conservation interventions. To address this need, new classes of “born digital” biodiversity records are now being collected and curated many orders of magnitude faster than traditional data. In addition to the millions of citizen science observations of species that have been accumulating over the last decade, the last few years have seen a surge of sensor data, with eMammal's camera trap archive passing 1 million photo‐vouchered specimens and Movebank's animal tracking database recently passing 1.5 billion animal locations. Data from digital sensors have other advantages over visual citizen science observation in that the level of survey effort is intrinsically documented and they can preserve digital vouchers that can be used to verify species identity. These novel digital specimens are leading spatial ecology into the era of Big Data and will require a big tent of collaborating organizations to make these databases sustainable and durable. We urge institutions to recognize the future of born‐digital records and invest in proper curation and standards so we can make the most of these records to inform management, inspire conservation action and tell natural history stories about life on the planet.
Organizing integrated care in a university hospital

Background and aim: As a result of New Public Management, a number of industrial models of quality management have been implemented in health care, mainly in hospitals. At the same time, the concept of integrated care has been developed within other parts of the health sector. The aim of the article is to discuss the relevance of integrated care for hospitals. Theory and methods: The discussion is based on application of a conceptual framework outlining a number of organizational models of integrated care. These models are illustrated in a case study of a Danish university hospital implementing a new organization for improving the patient flows of the hospital. The study of the reorganization is based mainly on qualitative data from individual and focus
The views of professional on the role of self-help groups in the mental health area

Abstract Objectives: Changes in healthcare policy over the last decade emphasise care in the community over residential care. Self-help organisations may play a useful role in these circumstances. Against this background, the objective of this study was to obtain the views of members of the main mental health professions on the place of self-help groups in mental health care. Method: A postal survey of 255 mental health professionals from two health boards was carried out, using a semi-structured questionnaire that contained both open and closed questions. The responses obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis as appropriate. Results: The response rate was 35% so results must be interpreted cautiously. Self-help groups are used particularly in the management of addictive behaviours, and are also considered useful in cases of mood disorder. In general, self-help organisations are seen as providing support to patients and their families; information on mental illness/health to the general public; and lobbying for services relevant to the needs of their members. Respondents were concerned that the philosophy and programme of a group should not conflict with established models of mental health. The impact of the organisational structure of the multi-disciplinary team on the referral pattern of the different mental health professions, and the role of group availability and accessibility on the decision to refer a patient to a self-help group is commented upon. Conclusions: While some professionals see a role for self-help organisations in the mental health care system, reservations expressed about a possible clash between selfhelp groups' approach and professional mental healthcare practice need to be addressed so that the potential of both positions can be realised.