Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the social prestige of Finnish entrepreneurs

Purpose Entrepreneurs are a fundamental source of economic growth and prosperity of today’s societies. Understanding the socio-cultural factors that support potential entrepreneurs is vital. The focal construct of this research is the social prestige of an entrepreneur: the perception of the value and appreciation of entrepreneurs in the eyes of their friends and peers. The research explores how the social prestige – the perceived social – value of entrepreneurs – can be conceptualized and empirically captured. Theories and Methodology Drawing upon theories from entrepreneurship, organization and sociological research, the present work develops novel concept of social prestige of entrepreneurs. The empirical research is based on a four-step item generating process. The process explains and validates the created theoretical sub-dimensions of social prestige. The process includes a mix of qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (online questionnaire) methods, and explains and validates the created theoretical sub-dimensions of social prestige. The identified theoretical sub-dimensions of prestige are: moral legitimacy, cognitive legitimacy, pragmatic legitimacy, emotional legitimacy, status, reputation and uniqueness. Based on these seven theoretical sub-dimensions, a large pool of items was created in order to develop the base for a measurement of ‘social prestige of entrepreneurs’. Findings Based on the four-step item generation process, a specific set of items are defined that can be used in future research to observe the level of social prestige of entrepreneurs. In doing so, the present work reflects a first step towards conceptualizing and measuring the social prestige in field of entrepreneurship. The study’s findings also emphasize the need for conducting future research of social prestige of entrepreneurs more globally and for exploring further the supportive role of closest friends and peers to possible entrepreneurs. In conclusion, the develop measure of social prestige can open a new ways to analyze social influences on the entrepreneur’s mindset, intention and possible start up behavior.
Reactive Energies, Impedance, and  ${\rm Q}$ Factor of Radiating Structures

New expressions are derived to calculate the reactive energy stored in the electromagnetic field surrounding an electromagnetic device. The resulting expressions are very simple to interpret, completely general, explicit and without approximations in terms of the currents flowing on the device. They are also fast since they involve integrals solely over the device generating the field. The new technique is very feasible to be used in cases where the electric and magnetic reactive energies are important in practice, especially in the case of radiating structures. Used there, they allow to study the effect of the shape of the device on the amount of reactive energy, and thus on the Q of the device. The implementation of the new expressions in numerical CAD tools is extremely simple and straightforward.
Efficient Grid Exploration with a stationary Token

A mobile agent starting at an arbitrary node of an m × k grid, for 1 < m ≤ k, has to explore the grid by visiting all its nodes and traversing all edges. The cost of an exploration algorithm is the number of edge traversals by the agent. Nodes of the grid are unlabeled and ports at each node v have distinct numbers in {0,…, d − 1}, where d = 2, 3, 4 is the degree of v. Port numbering is local, i.e., there is no relation between port numbers at different nodes. When visiting a node the agent sees its degree. It also sees the port number by which it enters a node and can choose the port number by which it leaves a visited node. We are interested in deterministic exploration algorithms working at low cost. We consider the scenario in which the agent is equipped with a stationary token situated at its starting node. The agent sees the token whenever it visits this node. We give an exploration algorithm working at cost O(k2) for 2 × k grids, and at cost O(m2k), for m × k grids, when 2 < m ≤ k.
Joubert syndrome: a model for untangling recessive disorders with extreme genetic heterogeneity

Background Joubert syndrome (JS) is a recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by hypotonia, ataxia, cognitive impairment, abnormal eye movements, respiratory control disturbances and a distinctive mid-hindbrain malformation. JS demonstrates substantial phenotypic variability and genetic heterogeneity. This study provides a comprehensive view of the current genetic basis, phenotypic range and gene–phenotype associations in JS. Methods We sequenced 27 JS-associated genes in 440 affected individuals (375 families) from a cohort of 532 individuals (440 families) with JS, using molecular inversion probe-based targeted capture and next-generation sequencing. Variant pathogenicity was defined using the Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion algorithm with an optimised score cut-off. Results We identified presumed causal variants in 62% of pedigrees, including the first B9D2 mutations associated with JS. 253 different mutations in 23 genes highlight the extreme genetic heterogeneity of JS. Phenotypic analysis revealed that only 34% of individuals have a ‘pure JS’ phenotype. Retinal disease is present in 30% of individuals, renal disease in 25%, coloboma in 17%, polydactyly in 15%, liver fibrosis in 14% and encephalocele in 8%. Loss of CEP290 function is associated with retinal dystrophy, while loss of TMEM67 function is associated with liver fibrosis and coloboma, but we observe no clear-cut distinction between JS subtypes. Conclusions This work illustrates how combining advanced sequencing techniques with phenotypic data addresses extreme genetic heterogeneity to provide diagnostic and carrier testing, guide medical monitoring for progressive complications, facilitate interpretation of genome-wide sequencing results in individuals with a variety of phenotypes and enable gene-specific treatments in the future.
A potential molecular ferroelectric material: poly[[bis(1-aza-4-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane)di-μ3-chlorido-tetra-μ2-chlorido-dichloridotricadmium(II)] dihydrate].

The title compound, {[Cd3(C6H13N2)2Cl8]·2H2O}n, consists of pendant protonated cationic diamine ligands bonded to an anionic one-dimensional coordination polymer chloridocadmate scaffold. Each coordination chain features two kinds of Cd(II) centre, each with distorted octahedral coordination geometry. One Cd(II) cation lies on a centre of inversion and is coordinated by six bridging chloride ligands, while the other is coordinated by four bridging chloride ligands, one terminal chloride ligand and a 1-aza-4-azoniabicyclo[2.2. 2]octane aza N atom. This gives a reversible corner-sharing half-cubic linear polymer that lies along the crystallographic a direction. The chains interact through hydrogen bonding with solvent water, with each water molecule accepting one N-H.O interaction from a cation and donating to two O-H.Cl interactions with anionic chains, thus linking three separate chains and completing the packing structure.
Word Co-Occurrence Network Analysis of Scientific Data Using NWB Tool

Acquire the metadata of shared scientific data of Earth System Science on the Portal of Chinese Science and Technology Resource, extract field keyword for analysis, then use Network Workbench Tool (NWB Tool) for keyword co-occurrence network analysis. By conducting community detection and network visualization on 5 sub-fields of the acquired data, this paper presents the status and features in each selected sub-field of shared Earth System Science data resources under China Scientific Data Sharing Project (SDSP), this work shows that network analysis and visualization tools of NWB provide effective means for data resource measurement and analysis.
Robust stabilization for networked control systems with nonlinear perturbation

This note discusses the problem of stabilization for a class of uncertain networked control systems(NCSs) with nonlinear perturbation. By introducing a new model of NCSs with parameter uncertainty, network-induced delay, nonlinearity and data packet dropout in the transmission, a strict linear matrix inequality (LMI) criterion is presented for robust stabilization the uncertain nonlinear NCSs based on the Lyapunov stability theory. The maximum upper bound of the allowable delay can be obtained by solving the convex optimization problem of the corresponding LMI. Numerical example is provided to demonstrate the applicability and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Elevation performance of 1.25D and 1.5D transducer arrays

Present 1D phased array probes have outstanding lateral and axial resolution, but their elevation performance is determined by a fixed aperture focused at a fixed range. Multi-row array transducers can provide significantly improved elevation performance in return for "modest" increases in probe and system complexity. Time domain simulations of elevation beam profiles are used to compare several types of multi-row probes. The elevation aperture of a 1.25D probe increases with range, but the elevation focusing of that aperture is static and determined principally by a mechanical lens with a fixed focus (or foci). 1.25D probes can provide substantially better near- and far-field slice thickness performance than 1D probes and require no additional system beamformer channels. 1.5D, probes use additional beamformer channels to provide dynamic focusing and apodization in elevation. 1.5D probes can provide detail resolution comparable to, and contrast resolution substantially better than, 1.25D probes, particularly in the mid- and far-field. Further increases in system channel count allow the use of 1.75D and 2D arrays for adaptive acoustics and two-dimensional beam steering. Significant improvements in clinical image quality can be expected as multi-row probes become increasingly available in the marketplace.
An improved OFDM chirp waveform design

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) chirp waveform has good correlation and time-bandwidth product performance, but it offers only two orthogonal signals. In this paper, we propose an improved OFDM chirp waveform based on traditional linear frequency modulation waveform as well as using OFDM to conduct the multi-carrier modulation, which can be used for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)radar imaging. We also analyzed the performance of the designed OFDM Chirp signals with correlation function and ambiguity function. It is shown that the designed OFDM chirp waveform has satisfactory performance for MIMO radar imaging.
catena-Poly[[[aqua(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)copper(II)]-μ-furan-2,5-dicarboxylato-κ2 O 2:O 5] dihydrate]

In the crystal structure of the title compound, {[Cu(C6H2O5)(C10H8N2)(H2O)]·2H2O}n, an infinite chain parallel to [110] is formed by the linking of Cu(H2O)(2,2′-bipyridine) units through a furan-2,5-dicarboxylate bridge. The CuII atom shows a square-pyramidal geometry, with one furan-2,5-dicarboxylate O atom in the apical position. The dihedral angle between the planes of the furan ring and the bipyridine molecule is 83.88 (7)°. Owater—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect adjacent chains, generating a layer motif parallel to (001).
Ethinyl Estradiol Treatment for Growth Limitation in Girls with Marfan's Syndrome—Experience from a Single Center

Objectives. Tall stature, a major characteristic of Marfan's syndrome, may be of concern to the family, particularly if the patient is a girl. Experience with treatment options—sex steroid or somatostatin analogue—for height reduction in girls is limited. We have evaluated our experience of estrogen treatment in girls with Marfan's syndrome attending the pediatric endocrine clinic in Glasgow between 1989 and 2005. Design and methods. Retrospective case note analysis combined with ascertainment of final/near final height, comparing outcome in treated and untreated girls. Cardiovascular health was assessed by examining aortic root diameter and blood pressure. Results. The study cohort comprised four treated and five untreated girls, of whom three were sisters. Treatment was started in the four girls at chronological age 10.0 (2.1) years, mean (SD) height 155.0 (9.8) cm, and Tanner breast stage B1 in three and B2 in one. Ethinyl estradiol was administered in stepwise incremental regimens, starting at 10 μg/day and reaching 100 μg/day after 10 weeks in two girls and starting at 2 μg/day and reaching a maximum of 30–50 μg/day over a 2- to 3-year period in two girls. Mean ± SD (range) final/near final height of the four treated girls was 174.3 (2.6) (170.6–176.6) cm compared with 183.0 (6.9) (171.5–190.3) cm in the five untreated girls. No deaths occurred in the treated group while one untreated girl died from presumed arrhythmia aged 18 years. Aortic root diameter increased with age, by mean (SD) 5.0 (2.1) and 5.8 (4.5) mm in treated and untreated groups, respectively, but with no between-group differences after treatment. Conclusions. The estrogen doses used in this study are lower than in previous reports. The results, although unsuitable for statistical analysis due to small numbers, are encouraging with no adverse events being recorded. Future research should be multicenter in design.
Location and Function of STIM1 in the Activation of Ca2+ Entry Signals*

Store-operated channels (SOCs) mediate Ca2+ entry signals in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ depletion in most cells. STIM1 senses decreased ER luminal Ca2+ through its EF-hand Ca2+-binding motif and aggregates in near-plasma membrane (PM) ER junctions to activate PM Orai1, the functional SOC. STIM1 is also present in the PM, although its role there is unknown. STIM1-mediated coupling was examined using the stable EF20 HEK293 cell line expressing the STIM1-D76A/E87A EF-hand mutant (STIM1EF) deficient in Ca2+ binding. EF20 cells were viable despite constitutive Ca2+ entry, allowing study of SOC activation without depleting ER Ca2+. STIM1EF was exclusively in stable near-PM junctions, 3.5-fold larger than formed with STIM1WT. STIMEF-expressing cells had normal ER Ca2+ levels but substantially reduced ER Ca2+ leak. Expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (BCl-2, MCL-1, BCL-XL) were increased 2-fold in EF20 cells, probably reflecting survival of EF20 cells but not accounting for decreased ER Ca2+ leak. Surface biotinylation and streptavidin pull-down of cells expressing STIM1WT or STIM1EF revealed strong PM interactions of both proteins. Although surface expression of STIM1WT was clearly detectable, STIM1EF was undetectable at the cell surface. Thus, the Ca2+ binding-defective STIM1EF mutant exists exclusively in aggregates within near-PM junctions but, unlike STIM1WT, is not trafficked to the PM. Although not inserted in the PM, external application of a monoclonal anti-N-terminal STIM1 antibody blocked constitutive STIMEF-mediated Ca2+ entry, but only in cells expressing endogenous STIM1WT and not in DT40 STIM1 knock-out cells devoid of STIMWT. This suggests that PM-STIM1 may play a regulatory role in SOC activation.
Investigation of ZE Isomerism in Sunitinib Anticancer drug

Accepted on 8 th April 2014 _____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Z-E isomerization in sunitinib, an important anticancer drug, has been investigated. The influence of light, heat and solvent was studied and the isomerizations were monitored by HPLC. As expected, the extent of Z-E isomerization (conversion of the Z-isomer into the undesired E-isomer) is found to depend on these parameters. In addition, both reversible and irreversible isomerizations were observed when the solutions were kept in dark following the exposures to light. These observations have implications in the analysis of sunitinib samples using HPLC methods.
Adolescent Personality as Risk and Resiliency in the Testosterone-Externalizing Association.

Previous investigations of testosterone and externalizing behavior have provided mixed findings. We tested the hypothesis that self-regulatory personality moderates the testosterone-externalizing behavior association in adolescence. Parents reported on their 13- to 18-year-old (N = 106, Mage = 16.01, SD = 1.29) children's personalities and psychopathology. Testosterone was measured via drool samples. As hypothesized, personality moderated the testosterone-externalizing behavior association. High testosterone predicted higher levels of externalizing behaviors, but only for adolescents low in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Also, personality acted as a resiliency factor: high levels of Conscientiousness, in the presence of high testosterone, predicted lower levels of rule breaking. Results highlight how endogenous factors, such as personality, may interact with testosterone, and emphasize the relevance of including personality moderators in future research.
A two‐dimensional liquid‐phase separation method coupled with mass spectrometry for proteomic studies of breast cancer and biomarker identification

A two‐dimensional liquid‐phase separation scheme coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) is presented for proteomic analysis of cell lysates from normal and malignant breast epithelial cell lines. Liquid‐phase separations consist of isoelectric focusing as the first dimension and nonporous silica reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (NPS‐RP‐HPLC) as the second dimension. Protein quantitation and mass measurement are performed using electrospray ionization‐time of flight MS (ESI‐TOF MS). Proteins are identified by peptide mass fingerprinting using matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight MS (MALDI‐TOF MS) and MALDI‐quadrupole time of flight (QTOF)‐tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Two pH regions with 50–60 unique proteins in each pH range were chosen for analysis. Mass maps were created that allowed visualization of protein quantitation differences between normal and malignant breast epithelial cells. Of the approximately 110 unique proteins observed from mass mapping experiments over the limited pH range, 40 (36%) were positively identified by peptide mass fingerprinting and assigned to bands in the mass maps. Of these 40 proteins, 22 were more highly expressed in one or more of the malignant cell lines. These proteins represent potential breast cancer biomarkers that could aid in diagnosis, therapy, or drug development.
Budd–Chiari syndrome from an advanced practice nurse perspective

Purpose: To provide nurse practitioners (NPs) with a case study and literature review of Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS). This rare liver disease has a multitude of clinical presentations that NPs may encounter in the primary care setting. Data source: A literature search was conducted in Pub‐Med and CINAHL using key search words. Information for the case study was obtained from a patient and his gastroenterology specialist, who is a foremost expert in this field. Conclusion: BCS is complex and may be difficult to diagnose because of its atypical clinical presentation. Delayed diagnosis can affect the quality and quantity of a patient’s life. Increasing NPs’ awareness about this rare condition through a case presentation and review of the literature emphasizes the major factors for accurate diagnosis. Implications for practice: Knowledge of BCS can assist the NP in identifying this syndrome and making prompt, appropriate referrals.
Time-domain modelling of active electrically fine features in TLM

The use of field solvers to simulate ICs is advantageous due to the decreasing size of modern electronic components where field effects are a necessary part of the model. Unfortunately, the simulation of complex ICs using only field solvers is computationally expensive due to the fine spatial sampling required. In this paper we will derive an interface to embed a behavioural model of a complex IC directly into a full-wave field simulation, gaining the generality and simplicity of the behavioural model, while maintaining an acceptable spatial sampling in the field model to minimize the overall computational runtime and allow full simulation of the electromagnetic environment within which the component is placed.
Intervention of Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1–p53 Interaction Exerts the Therapeutic Effects Against Stroke

Background and Purpose— Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) interacts with the tumor suppressor gene p53 via a direct binding of a death domain of DAPK1 to a DNA-binding motif (DM) of p53 (p53DM) and converges multiple cell death pathways in stroke. The goals of this study are to determine whether disruption of DAPK1–p53 interaction is therapeutically effective against stroke. Methods— We synthesized a membrane-permeable p53DM peptide (Tat-p53DM) and tested the therapeutic effects of Tat-p53DM in a mouse model with stroke. Results— We showed that Tat-p53DM blocked DAPK1–p53 interaction in brain cells in vivo. When administered 6 hours after stroke onset in adult male mice, Tat-p53DM was still therapeutically effective against brain damages and improved neurological functions. Conclusions— DAPK1–p53 interaction is a preferred target for therapeutic intervention of stroke.
Potentially complex biosphere responses to transient global warming

Feedback interactions between terrestrial vegetation and climate could alter predictions of the responses of both systems to a doubling of atmospheric CO2. Most previous analyses of biosphere responses to global warming have used output from equilibrium simulations of current and future climate, as compared to more recently available transient GCM simulations. We compared the vegetation responses to these two different classes of GCM simulation (equilibrium and transient) using an equilibrium vegetation distribution model, MAPSS. Average climatologies were extracted from the transient GCM simulations for current and doubled (2×) CO2 concentrations (taken to be 2070–2099) for use by the equilibrium vegetation model. However, the 2 × CO2 climates extracted from the transient GCM simulations were not in equilibrium, having attained only about 65% of their eventual 2 × CO2 equilibrium temperature change. Most of the differences in global vegetation response appeared to be related to a very different simulated change in the pole to tropic temperature gradient. Also, the transient scenarios produced much larger increases of precipitation in temperate latitudes, commensurate with a minimum in the latitudinal temperature change. Thus, the (equilibrium) global vegetation response, under the transient scenarios, tends more to a greening than a decline in vegetation density, as often previously simulated. It may be that much of the world could become greener during the early phases of global warming, only to reverse in later, more equilibrial stages. However, whether or not the world's vegetation experiences large drought‐induced declines or perhaps large vegetation expansions in early stages could be determined by the degree to which elevated CO2 will actually benefit natural vegetation, an issue still under debate. There may occur oscillations, perhaps on long timescales, between greener and drier phases, due to different frequency responses of the coupled ocean–atmosphere–biosphere interactions. Such oscillations would likely, of themselves, impart further reverberations to the coupled Earth System.