Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR PENYEBAB RENDAHNYA HASIL BELAJAR SISWA

Artikel ini memperlihatkan tentang faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Hasil belajar adalah kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik setelah menerima pengalaman pembelajaran yang akan menghasilkan perubahan tingkah laku. Sebagai hasil dari belajar yang dianggap penting dan dapat mencerminkan hasil dari belajar tersebut, baik dari aspek kognitif, aspek afektif dan aspek psikomotorik. Dalam mendapatkan hasil belajar setiap proses pembelajaran memiliki faktor-faktor yang memberikan dampak hasil belajar siswa. Keinginan/dorongan dan ketertarikan siswa dalam belajar merupakan salah satu kunci untuk mencapai keberhasilan dalam belajar. Tinggi rendahnya hasil belajar matematika yang menimbulkan banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar diantaranya (1) faktor internal yaitu yang berasal dari dalam diri siswa, seperti kurangnya minat dan motivasi peserta didik saat pembelajaran matematika (2) faktor eksternal yaitu yang berasal dari luar diri siswa, seperti metode guru yang tidak menarik bagi peserta didik. Kata kunci: Hasil belajar, Siswa
Cardamom: Comparative deep models for minority and historical languages

This paper gives an overview of the Cardamom project, which aims to close the resource gap for minority and under-resourced languages by means of deep-learning-based natural language processing (NLP) and exploiting similarities of closely-related languages. The project further extends this idea to historical languages, which can be considered as closely related to their modern form, and as such aims to provide NLP through both space and time for languages that have been ignored by current approaches.
The Effects of Resistance Training with Palm Pollen on Scleraxis Protein and Gene Expression Levels in the Tendon Tissue of Male Adult Rats

Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Department of Sport Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran ali.azarbayjani@gmail.com Abstract Background and objectives: Controlling nutrition and exercise can be two important strategies in controlling tendon health. It has been reported that resistance training and palm pollen separately can improve Scleraxis (Scx) in tendon tissue; so present study aimed to investigate the interactive effects of resistance training with ethanolic extract of palm pollen on Scx protein and gene expression levels in the tendon tissue of male adult rats. Methods: In this experimental study 30 male adult rats divided into 6 groups of 6 rats including: 1) sham, 2) training, 3) palm pollen, 4) testosterone, 5) training + palm pollen, and 6) training + testosterone. During 4 weeks, groups 2, 5, and 6 performed resistance trainings for five sessions per week; groups 3 and 5 received 100 mg/kg palm pollen for five days per week via gavage and groups 4 and 6 received 2 mg/kg testosterone propionate peritoneally. Scx protein and gene expression levels were measured in tendon tissue by Western blot and real-time PCR methods respectively. ShapiroWilk, one way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc tests were used to analyze the findings (P≤0.05). Results: Training significantly increased Scx protein levels (P=0.005); palm pollen significantly increased Scx gene expression levels (P=0.001); training + palm pollen significantly increased Scx protein and gene expression levels (P=0.001) also training + palm pollen had more favorable effect on increase of Scx protein and gene expression levels compared to training and palm pollen alone (P=0.001). Conclusion: It seems that resistance training simultaneously with palm pollen administration can have a more favorable effect than each one alone on improving Scx protein and gene expression levels in tendon tissue of male adult rats.
DigitalCommons@UNO DigitalCommons@UNO

Background: High-throughput gene expression profiles have allowed discovery of potential biomarkers enabling early diagnosis, prognosis and developing individualized treatment. However, it remains a challenge to identify a set of reliable and reproducible biomarkers across various gene expression platforms and laboratories for single sample diagnosis and prognosis. We address this need with our Data-Driven Reference (DDR) approach, which employs stably expressed housekeeping genes as references to eliminate platform-specific biases and non-biological variabilities. Results: Our method identifies biomarkers with “built-in” features, and these features can be interpreted consistently regardless of profiling technology, which enable classification of single-sample independent of platforms. Validation with RNA-seq data of blood platelets shows that DDR achieves the superior performance in classification of six different tumor types as well as molecular target statuses (such as MET or HER2 -positive, and mutant KRAS , EGFR or PIK3CA ) with smaller sets of biomarkers. We demonstrate on the three microarray datasets that our method is capable of identifying robust biomarkers for subgrouping medulloblastoma samples with data perturbation due to different microarray platforms. In addition to identifying the majority of subgroup-specific biomarkers in CodeSet of nanoString, some potential new biomarkers for subgrouping medulloblastoma were detected by our method. Conclusions: In this study, we present a simple, yet powerful data-driven method which contributes significantly to identification of robust cross-platform gene signature for disease classification of single-patient to facilitate precision medicine. In addition, our method provides a new strategy for transcriptome analysis.
Exploring Thymineless Death Using Systems Biology and Laboratory Evolution

Exploring Thymineless Death Using Systems Biology and Laboratory Evolution Alexandra N. Ketcham Cells die when they are starved of thymidine, one of the four DNA nucleotides. Since the discovery of this killing phenomenon, termed thymineless death (TLD), researchers have been trying to understand why. The goal of the work presented here is to use systems level approaches to shed light on this process. Because DNA synthesis is the only cellular process that requires thymidine, it is logical that the focus has been mainly on DNA stability and damage. My work expands the focus to new frontiers: acetate metabolism, the cytoplasm and the inner membrane. I generated thymidine auxotrophs in two genetic backgrounds by inactivating the thymidylate synthase enzyme, thyA. These mutants need supplementation with exogenous thymidine in order to survive. I used these strains in three experimental approaches to explore the mechanisms of TLD. Fitness profiling of a transposon insertion library in a thyA strain, long-term laboratory evolution during thymidinelimitation, and RNA sequencing of TLD-sensitive and TLD-resistant strains identified genes in previously known processes as well as genes in novel processes. These approaches allowed me to gather rich data sets that identified many contributing genes. 52 genes showed consistent effects across approaches. My work confirms that ROS is a key contributor to killing during thymidine starvation and reveals that putrescine biosynthesis enzymes, an acetate overflow kinase, and the proton-transporting ATP synthase are novel players in TLD. I suggest that these three novel players contribute through their shared role in modulating cytoplasmic pH and propose a model in which DNA damage, ROS accumulation, and cytoplasmic acidification converge on the killing process during thymidine starvation. My findings expand the sites of critical action during TLD from the DNA to the cell’s inner and outer membranes and the cytoplasm. Theories on active vs. passive and specific vs. general bacterial death pathways will be discussed at the end.
Utrecht work engagement scale in Chile: measurement, reliability and validity

Work engagement se describe por dedicación, vigor y absorción. La medida de work engagement más utilizada es la escala de Utrecht (UWES). Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión abreviada de dicha escala (UWES-9) en el contexto laboral chileno. Se usó un diseño de encuesta transversal, a una muestra por conveniencia (n = 255). La encuesta usó la escala UWES-9 (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), la escala de empoderamiento psicológico de Spreitzer (1995) y la escala de satisfacción laboral genérica (Macdonald & MacIntyre, 1997). Se calculó el índice de confiabilidad (alpha), dando una buena consistencia interna. Las tres dimensiones de la escala se correlacionaron en gran medida por lo que no fue necesario eliminar ítems. Con respecto a la validez de constructo, work engagement se correlacionó en la dirección esperada (positiva) con empoderamiento psicológico y satisfacción laboral. Se discuten implicaciones gerenciales y desafíos para la investigación futura.
An interprofessional education conference approach to antimicrobial education: a mixed methods evaluation

Background: Arguably, Medical School curricula are deficient in learning opportunities related to the safe and effective use of medicines, in particular antimicrobials. Infection management is complex and multidisciplinary, and undergraduate learning opportunities should therefore reflect these principles. Aligned to the complexity of the subject matter, simulation and interprofessional based teaching are methods that can foster the collaborative skills required of future healthcare professionals. There have been calls to develop these methods in the teaching of safe prescribing and the management of infections; however, reports of such studies are limited. Methods: We developed an interprofessional education (IPE) conference for second year undergraduate medical and pharmacy students based in the North East of England. We considered contact theory in the design of three small-group interprofessional workshops, on the broad themes of antimicrobial stewardship, infection management and patient safety. A mixed methods approach assessed students’ attitudes towards IPE, barriers and facilitators of learning, and perceived learning gains. Qualitative data from workshop evaluation forms were analysed thematically, while quantitative data were analysed descriptively and differences between medical and pharmacy cohorts analysed using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. Results:226/352 students returned the workshop evaluation forms (66% of pharmacy students, 62% of medical students). 281/352 students responded to a series of Likert scale questions on the value of interprofessional working (88% of pharmacy students, 70% of medical students). Students reported acquisition of knowledge and skills, including concepts and procedures related to infection management and antimicrobial prescribing, and the development of problem-solving and critical evaluation skills. Students reflected on their attitude towards interprofessional collaboration. They reported a greater understanding of the roles of other healthcare professionals, reflected on the importance of effective communication in ensuring patient safety, and were more confident to work in interprofessional teams after the conference. Conclusions: A robust IPE event, theoretically underpinned by contact theory and developed collaboratively, achieved interprofessional learning at scale and helped develop healthcare professionals willing to collaborate across disciplines. The resources, and evaluation insights based on the 3P (presage, process, and product) model of learning and teaching, will be of value to other educators who seek to develop theoretically-sound IPE interventions.
Towards privacy-sensitive mobile crowdsourcing

With the widespread adoption of mobile phones, devices are used to track the user's activity and to collect insightful reports from the environment (e.g., air quality, network quality). Most of these collected data are systematically tagged with the user location which may inevitably lead to user privacy leaks by discarding sensitive information a posteriori based on their potential points of interest. This thesis introduces an anonymous data collection library for mobile apps, a software library that improves the user's privacy without compromising the overall quality of the crowdsourced dataset. In particular, we propose a decentralized approach, named FOUGERE, to convey data samples from user devices using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications to third-party servers, thus introducing an a priori data anonymization process that is resilient to location-based attacks. To validate our approach, we propose a testing framework to test this P2P communication library, named PeerFleet. Beyond the identification of P2P-related errors, PeerFleet also helps to tune the discovery protocol settings to optimize the deployment of P2P apps. We validate FOUGERE using 500 emulated devices that replay a mobility dataset and use FOUGERE to collect location data. We evaluate the overhead, the privacy and the utility of FOUGERE. We show that FOUGERE defeats the state-of-the-art location-based privacy attacks with little impact on the quality of the collected data.
Applied drama and forum theatre in the classroom: An arts-based research in social integration

Applied theatre and drama in the school are able to reveal aspects of social life on dramatic, narrative, reflective, symbolic, and aesthetic levels (revealing the necessity of human conditions), thus eliciting a reaction from the audience: committed creative work and self-reflective feedback, during the increasingly deeper learning process transform the “spectator” into a thinking-playing individual (Boal, 1979/2000).
Impact of Hardware Impairments on the Performance of Millimeter-Wave Massive MU-MIMO Systems with Distributed Antennas

The impact of hardware impairments play an crucial role in any practical communication systems, yet they are generally omitted when investigating the performance of distributed massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. In particularly, for millimeter-Wave (mm-Wave) bands, no study has been addressed yet. To overcome this limitation, in this paper a mm-Wave distributed massive multi-user (MU) MIMO system based-hybrid beamforming structure, in which the residual hardware impairments have been incorporated in the transmitter processing, is presented. At each base station (BS), a zero-forcing (ZF) baseband processing is designed over the effective channel to efficiently remove the multi-user (MU) interference. The results show that, relative to the co-located mm-Wave massive MIMO with the same antenna configurations, mm-Wave distributed MIMO achieves a significantly higher performance while reducing the impingement of hardware practical defects.
Study of laser frequency stability from the observed vertical wind velocity by the Na lidar at Troms

We have been continuing wintertime wind/temperature lidar observations of the MLT region (upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere) since October 2012 at Tromsø (69.6N, 19.2E), Norway [Nozawa et al., 2014]. With the highly advanced lidar technique, wind velocity in the range of 80-115 km can be measured by detecting the frequency difference between the laser and the returned photon frequency in an accuracy of ~1 MHz [Kawahara et al., 2017]. The frequency difference of 1 MHz corresponds to ~0.6 m/s. During the observation, the laser frequency is hourly tuned to the frequency-offset at νa = −651 MHz with a Doppler-free technique, and the frequency is stabilized with a wavemeter (WSU-30, HighFinesse) until the next Doppler-free spectrum scan begins. The observed nightly-averaged vertical wind velocity is expected to be 0 m/s. However, the data seems unexpected systematic wind offset of 5-12 m/s. Conversely, the velocity offset reflects the frequency locking stability or something to be considered either in observation or data analysis. Example of the nightly averaged wind velocities between Oct. 2012 and Mar. 2013 are shown in Figure 1. The wind offset is around 12 m/s (20 MHz off-frequency from νa) in this winter season, however, diverse daily offset should suggest daily or hourly laser frequency locking stability. We examined (1) the nightly averaged wind profiles in each season, and the time change of the nightly velocity offset of 85-95 km (2) the hourly averaged wind profiles in a day and the time change of the velocity offset of 85-95 km (3) time change of 10-minute averaged wind profiles to examine the frequency drift
Alternative Methods for Preparation of Gluconate Salts Using Heterogeneous Non-Metal Catalysts

Gluconate salts can be prepared using alternative non-metal catalysts based on methylene blue dye salt derivatives. Novel Methylene blue (MB) salts based on trifluoromethanesulfonate (TfO) and docusate (AOT) anions have been prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Visible spectra) in order to proof their chemical structure stability as well as final purity. (MB)(TfO) showed a similar behavior of commercial available (MB)Cl as homogenous catalyst for preparation of sodium gluconate. Contrarily, (MB)(AOT) as non-toxic, lower melting point and water-immiscible dye salt has been used as efficient and recycled heterogeneous catalyst for preparation of sodium gluconate in shorter reaction time, higher yields and purity grade. This alternative method can be extended to other relevant gluconate salts such as calcium, barium, magnesium, potassium, lithium and several transition metals.
Genomic Decoding of Neuronal Depolarization by Stimulus-Specific NPAS4 Heterodimers

Cells regulate gene expression in response to salient external stimuli. In neurons, depolarization leads to the expression of inducible transcription factors (ITFs) that direct subsequent gene regulation. Depolarization encodes both a neuron’s action potential (AP) output and synaptic inputs, via excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). However, it is unclear if different types of depolarizing signals can be transformed by an ITF into distinct modes of genomic regulation. Here, we show that APs and EPSPs in the murine hippocampus trigger two spatially segregated and molecularly distinct mechanisms that lead to the expression of the ITF NPAS4. These two pathways culminate in the assembly of unique, stimulus-specific NPAS4 heterodimers that exhibit distinctive DNA binding patterns. Thus, NPAS4 independently communicates increases in a neuron’s spiking output and synaptic inputs to the nucleus, enabling gene regulation to be tailored to the type of depolarizing activity experienced by a neuron.
Unravelling the role of Nuclear Membrane dynamics in the behaviour of cancer cells. A multidisciplinary approach using cell biology, advanced imaging and biophysics

Malformacion de la membrana de nucleos esta observada en casos de distrofia muscular, asi como en ciertos tipos de cancer, como el de mama o el de rinones. Los mecanismos que intervienen en la integridad de eta membrana estan controlados por las interacciones proteins con lipidos. Hace poco, se ha demostrado que las propiedades fisicas de lipidos especificos tienen una funcion esencial en el proceso de formacion de la membrana de nucleos en el modelo del erizo de mar. Para comprender como la arquitectura de la membrana esta regulada, utilizamos tecnicas cuantitativas como la espectrometria de mesa y la RMN para determinar la composicion en lipidos de la membrana y sus propiedades dinamicas. La extraccion del nucleo se realizo a partir de celulas renales humanas, HEK 293T. Se ha optimizado una extraccion fisica basada en un tratamiento a presion y un gradiente de sucrosa para obtener una gran cantidad de nucleos intactos (lipidos de la membrana nuclear) necesarios para nuestros experimentos. Estos nucleos purificados incluyen un minimo de residuos celulares, reticulo endoplasmico y apartato golgi. Despues, lipidos de nucleos han sido extraidos con un metodo de Folch modificado. Los experimentos de RMN en liquidos mostraron que la membrana nuclear estaba compuesta de muchos tipos de fosfolipidos y de los cuales la fosfatidilcolina era el lipido principal. Ademas, la composicion muestra una gran proporcion de fosfatidilcolina en comparacion con otros tipos de membranas. Experimentos de espectrometriaa de masa han demostrado que la membrana nuclear estaba compuesta principalmente de fosfolipidos altamente insaturados y con cadenas que contenian un promedio de 34 atomos de carbono. Los analisis por RMN del solido realizados en membranas reconstituidas a partir de lipidos de nucleos han revelado propiedades fisicas atipicas. La temperatura de transicion de fase fluido-gel esta muy baja y amplia (-10Co-15oC)lo que puede venir de la presencia de muchas especias de fosfolipidos y numerosas insaturaciones. Ademas, a 25oC, las membranas reconstruidas estan mas rigidas que las membranas modelas convencionales, lo que implica que el espesor de membrana esta mas largo que la de membranas modelas. Al final, los liposomas de membranas reconstituidas muestran una muy importante deformacion en elipsoide prolato en el campo magnetico, lo que es muy atipico para membranas biologicas y sugiere una importante elasticidad de curvatura de la membrana.
Integrated Ion Exchange Regeneration Process for Drinking Water

Abstract : Perchlorate is an issue in drinking water because of its high solubility and mobility, known effects on thyroid hormone production, and treatment cost. The need for perchlorate treatment is nationwide and especially acute in the southwestern United States (U.S.). The need for cost-effective treatment is especially pressing in the Inland Empire; a two-county region composed of San Bernardino and Riverside counties, whose population of 3.4 million is larger than those of many states (Mecula, 2003). The Inland Empire is California s fastest growing area and has a rapidly increasing demand for water. The area s perchlorate plume is at least six miles long and impacts four towns water supplies, resulting in impairment of 61,790 acre-feet per year (76,187,070 cubic meters per year) of potable water. This report describes an evaluation of the synthesis of an ion exchange (IX) process for perchlorate treatment in drinking water, regeneration of spent IX resin for re-use, and destruction of perchlorate in the spent regeneration fluid to create an integrated IX (IIX) regeneration process. The demonstration site was at an operating municipal water treatment plant, Fontana Water Company (FWC), in Fontana, a city located in the Inland Empire region of southern California.