Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New observations on the snouts of rhizodont fishes (Palaeozoic Sarcopterygii)

Reinvestigation of the snout of the Lower Carboniferous rhizodont fish Barameda decipiens, together with observations on an isolated premaxilla of Strepsodlls sllllroides from Scotland and a new Devonian rhizodont from Canowindra, Australia, reveals that the rhizodontid snout had only one pair of nostrils rather than two as previously suggested. There are distinct lateral rostra I and tecta I bones surrounding the external naris. The palate of Barameda also shows evidence of a choana being present. The protrusion of the lower jaws in Barameda, previously interpreted as an artefact of preservation, is matched in the three-dimensional Canowindra material and appears to be a real morphological feature. These data permit a new reconstruction of the head of Barameda.
PhD incidence and imaging Findings of costal cartilage Fractures in Patients with Blunt chest

Radiology: Volume 000: Number 0—   2018 n radiology.rsna. org 1 1 From the Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging (M.T.N., F.V.B.), and Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (T.T.P.), Töölö Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, PL 266, 00029 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (S.K.K.); and Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden (S.K.K.). Received October 18, 2016; revision requested November 18; revision received May 22, 2017; accepted June 30; final version accepted August 23. Address correspondence to M.T. N. (e-mail: mari. nummela@helsinki.fi).
The Evolutionary History of CBF Transcription Factors: Gene Duplication of CCAAT – Binding Factors NF-Y in Plants

Eukaryotic gene expression is often controlled by complex and refined combinatorial transcription factor networks composed of multiprotein complexes that derive their gene regulatory capacity from both intrinsic properties and from their trans-acting partners (Singh, 1998; Wolberger, 1998; Remenyi et al., 2004). Participation in such higher complex order allows an organism to use single transcription factors to control multiple genes with different temporal and spatial expression patterns (Siefers et al., 2009). In this chapter, we provide a synopsis of the genetic and genomic mechanisms that might be responsible for the gene copy diversification observed in the eukaryotic NF-Y transcription factor family. We identify the genes coding for NF-Y transcription factors in eukaryotes with an emphasis on the duplication of the NF-Y family in the plant lineage and discuss the important consequences of its gene diversification.
Understanding racial bias in health using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data

Over the years, several studies have demonstrated that there exist significant disparities in health indicators in the United States population across various groups. Healthcare expense is used as a proxy for health in algorithms that drive healthcare systems and this exacerbates the existing bias. In this work, we focus on the presence of racial bias in health indicators in the publicly available, and nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. We show that predictive models for care management trained using this data inherit this bias. Finally, we demonstrate that this inherited bias can be reduced significantly using simple mitigation techniques.
THE AUTOMATION OF THE PROCESS OF LAND AREA CHANGE DETECTION IN PERMANENT MONITORING SYSTEMS

A new automation process for change detection of land area is proposed. The method is based on the use of multitemporal satellite images and their histograms. The proposed discrete representation of land area in small image fragments makes it possible to detect changes automatically within each fragment. This method provides improvements of change detection accuracy and simplifies the software realization by unifying recursively performed processing. In this article the method of difference images and its adaptation for automatic applications is also analysed. In particular, a complementary pair of images is proposed as the main presentation of a difference image which allows automatic separation of the changes of ground objects without loss or distortion. The use of the histograms obtained by variations of image brightness (increasing and decreasing) provides opportunities for the assessment and experimental verification of existing approaches in the selection of automatic detection thresholds. The assessment of the implementations of the algorithms of Kittler, Kapur, Otsu, and the method of mean risk minimum demonstrate the instability of their solutions, wide variance in of results, as well as inconsistencies with the visual approaches to the selection of the binarization thresholds. A new algorithm for the automatic detection and analysis of the brightness changes of land areas is proposed. As a result, the automation of detection of each brightness change of a given land area is achieved in all available spectral channels of satellite imagery.
Mentoring and Organizational Resilience. A Study of Manufacturing Companies in Rivers State.

The study examined the effect of Mentoring on Organizational Resilience in the Nigerian manufacturing industry. A total of 140 employees were randomly drawn from employees of the 31 manufacturing companies in Port Harcourt. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaire and oral interview. A total of 93 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and analyzed. Spearman's Rank Correlation Statistical tool was used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that Mentoring is significantly related to Organizational Resilience. Based on these findings we concluded that Mentoring has significant influence on Organizational Resilience. The study therefore recommends that organizations should use its mentoring programmes as a knowledge retention measure that will strategically channel efforts towards organizational success. In other words mentoring should be used as a tool to enhance organizational resilience.
GROUP SEQUENTIAL TEST OF NON-PARAMETRIC STATISTICS FOR SURVIVAL DATA

In this study a group sequential test of non-parametric statistics is examined in order to compare two groups of survival data. A new general form for a group sequential test of non-parametric statistics is given. The distribution of test statistics, obtained at the end of each stage, have been derived for this general form. In addition, an example based on a simulated data set is used to illustrate the test process that covers the group sequential test of non-parametric statistics in the given general form.
Transcriptional Activator Protein , GCN 4 of Yeas

yeast GCN4 protein binds specifically to the promoters of amino acid biosynthetic genes and coordinately induces their transcription. Serially deleted GCN4 and hybrid LexA-GCN4 proteins were assayed for specific DNA binding activity in vitro, and for stimulation of transcription in vivo. The specific DNA binding activity resides in the 60 C-terminal amino acids, a basic region of GCN4. However, certain deletions containing the entire DNA binding region are unable to activate transcription and instead act as repressors in vivo. The activation function appears to critically involve just 19 amino acids that are centrally located in an acidic region of GCN4. In addition to their functional separation, the DNA binding and transcriptional activation regions of the protein can be separated physically by elastase cleavage. The implications of these results for the mechanisms of DNA sequence recogniranscription activation are discussed.
Number 9.

Tandem repeats occur frequently in eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomic sequences. They are associated with several inherited human diseases, DNA fingerprinting, evolution and regulatory processes. In spite of their importance, detection of tandem repeats is still not resolved in the sense that the current existing detection tools do not give the same results for a given input sequence. This is mainly due to the differences in the methods adopted by the search algorithms and the different parameter settings needed when they are executed. This paper proposes an efficient method to identify all exact and approximate tandem repeats within a given DNA sequence and also identifies the presence of any changes brought about by mutation. The method first identifies all potential tandem repeats by clustering using K-means method, followed by biclustering to filter out the actual repeats along with the position of occurrance of approximate tandem repeats. The results obtained by this method are consistent with that of existing methods.
Advances in Modern Medicine: Is 3D printing the way ahead?

Kunal Aneja1*, Alisha Arora2, Kashish Aneja3, Pankaj Aneja4 and Kavita Aneja5 1Department of Orthopedics, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Hospital, India 2Department of Dermatology, Bhagwan Mahavir Hospital, India 3LLB, India 4Department of Medicine, Care and Cure Nursing Home, India 5Department of Radiology, Images Diagnostic Centre, India *Corresponding author: Kunal Aneja, Department of Orthopedics, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Hospital, Hari Nagar, New Delhi, India Submission: May 05, 2018; Published: August 17, 2018 Advances in Modern Medicine: Is 3D printing the way ahead? Review Article
The Usefulness of the Bone Marrow Examination in the Investigation of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: The Harris County Hospital District Experience

DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5915/23-1-15222 A retrospective examination of bone marrow biopsies of sixty one consecutive patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was performed in order to delineate the morphology of the disease and to determine the usefulness of bone marrow examination in AIDS. The morphologic features were compared with those reported in the literature. Common findings included hypercellularity (76%), increased M:E ratio (35%), increased megakaryocytes (50%), plasmacytosis (36%), fibrosis (90%), increased iron stores (77%), benign lymphohistiocytic proliferations (38%) and granulomas (30%). Acid fast bacilli were demonstrated in 11% and fungi in 10%. The authors conclude that there are changes in the bone marrow in most cases of AIDS and the findings though nonspecific are fairly characteristic. The bone marrow biopsy was found to be a very useful tool in the diagnosis of opportunistic diseases and in the proper classification of AIDS.
THE SUCEST-FUN REGULATORY NETWORK DATABASE: DESIGNING AN ENERGY GRASS

MODERN sugarcane cultivars are complex hybrids resulting from crosses among several Saccharum species. Traditional breeding methods have been employed extensively in different countries over the past decades to develop varieties with increased sucrose yield and resistance to pests and diseases. Conventional variety improvement, however, may be limited by the narrow pool of suitable genes. Thus, molecular genetics is seen as a promising tool to assist in the process of developing improved varieties. The SUCEST-FUN Project (http://sucest-fun.org) aims to associate function with sugarcane genes using a variety of tools, in particular those that enable the study of the sugarcane transcriptome. An extensive analysis has been conducted to characterise, phenotypically, sugarcane genotypes with regard to their sucrose content, biomass and drought responses. Through the analysis of different cultivars, genes associated with sucrose content, yield, lignin and drought have been identified. Currently, tools are being developed to determine signalling and regulatory networks in grasses, and to sequence the sugarcane genome, as well as to identify sugarcane promoters. This is being implemented through the SUCEST-FUN (http://sucest-fun.org) and GRASSIUS databases (http://grassius.org), the cloning of sugarcane promoters, the identification of cis-regulatory elements (CRE) using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) and the generation of a comprehensive Signal Transduction and Transcription gene catalogue (SUCAST Catalogue).
Modelling the effect of spatial variation in postlarval supply and habitat structure on recruitment of Caribbean spiny lobster

Many field studies have shown that recruitment of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, is sensitive to variation in both postlarval supply and local nursery-habitat structure. We used a spatially explicit individual-based model, to investigate the effects of (i) spatio-temporal variation in postlarval supply and (ii) changes in the spatial structure of the nursery habitat on lobster recruitment to the Florida Keys, Florida (USA). By simulating eight different regional scenarios describing postlarval supply, we investigated whether differences in the spatio-temporal delivery of postlarvae to the Florida Keys alters recruitment of subadult lobsters. Our results indicate that random geographical variation in postlarval supply yields the highest predicted recruitment, whereas persistently patchy settlement yields the lowest. Field observations of postlarval supply suggest that the random model is the most realistic. In separate simulations, we determined the sensitivity of the model to changes in the geographic arrangement of nursery habitat and the spatial resolution of habitat structure. The most spatially explicit depictions of habitat structure yielded small, but marginally significant differences in lobster recruitment as compared with more generalized spatial scenarios. These differences may well be magnified when more detailed depictions of postlarval settlement are implemented in the model.
A Comparative Study of Psychological Well being, Meta-emotion, and Resiliency in Fertile and Infertile Women

Background & Aims of the Study: According to the high prevalence of mental problems of infertility in infertile women and the necessity of identifying their mental statuses to carry out interventions to help them, the present study aims a comparative study of psychological well-being, meta-emotion, and resiliency in fertile and infertile women. Materials & Methods: This study is a A case-control study was conducted on infertile women who referred to health centers of Gonabad, Iran. The subjects are 80 infertile women and 80 fertile women selected via an available sampling method. Questionnaires of resiliency, psychological well-being, and meta-emotion were employed, and the data were analyzed by SPSS software and multivariate variance analysis test (MANOVA). Results: Significant differences were observed in terms of psychological well-being (p<0.01), positive meta-emotion (p<0.05), and resiliency (p<0.01). Conclusions: thus, infertile women showed lower level records than fertile women. Lower levels of psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and resiliency in infertile women confirms the importance of attending to infertile women’s mental health and emotional statuses even more.
Evaluation of the grating period based on laser diffraction by using a mode-locked femtosecond laser beam

This paper presents a newly proposed method referred to as the femtosecond laser diffraction method for measurement of the grating period. The proposed method is established in such a way that a mode-locked femtosecond laser beam is employed as a light source for the traditional laser diffraction method, in which the Littrow configuration is utilized to evaluate grating period. Since the optical modes in a mode-locked laser, which are often referred to as the optical frequency comb, have deterministic mode frequencies with equal intervals in frequency domain, multiple diffracted beams in the same diffraction order can be obtained. By utilizing the number of Littrow angles obtained from the multiple diffracted beams in the same diffraction order, highly accurate measurement of the grating period can be expected. In this paper, as the first step of research, a prototype optical setup with a mode-locked femtosecond laser source is developed, and some basic experiments are carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed method.
Effects of anti-hypertension and intestinal microflora of spontaneously hypertensive rats fed gamma- aminobutyric acid-enriched Chingshey purple sweet potato fermented milk by lactic acid bacteria

This study investigated the anti-hypertensive effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich Chingshey purple sweet potato (CPSP) fermented-milk with three different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains including Lactobacillus acidophilus BCRC 14065, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis BCRC 12256, and Lactobacillus gasseri BCRC 14619. In a chronic administration study, the results showed that both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after receiving CPSP fermented-milk for 8 weeks. Blood pressure-lowering effects were typically measured after 5 weeks of treatment. Maximum blood pressure reductions were approximately 37 (SBP) and 22 mmHg (DBP) when compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in SBP and DBP before and after the 8 weeks of feeding CPSP fermented-milk to the normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. In a single administration study, treatment with 100% CPSP fermented-milk elicited a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in SBP as compared to the control group. In SHR’ feces, consumption of CPSP fermented-milk significantly increased the fecal populations of Bifidobacterium spp. numbers (1 to 2 log CFU/g feces) (P < 0.05) and Lactobacillus spp. numbers (~0.5 log CFU/g feces) (P < 0.05) as compared to the control group, and decreased Clostridium perfringens numbers (1 to 1.5 log CFU/g feces) (P < 0.05). These findings demonstrated that oral administration of GABA-rich CPSP fermented-milk had antihypertension and improved the intestinal microflora balance.
Displaced calibration of PM10 measurements using spatio-temporal models

PM10 monitoring networks are equipped with heterogeneous samplers. Some of these samplers are known to underestimate true levels of concentrations (non-reference samplers). In this paper we propose a hierarchical spatio-temporal Bayesian model for the calibration of measurements recorded using non-reference samplers, by borrowing strength from non co-located reference sampler measurements.
water-related climate change studies have mainly focused on assessing the potential impacts of climate change on the hydrological processes and the water balance of regional water systems

It is increasingly recognized that climate change could impose both direct and indirect impacts on the quality of the water environment. Previous studies have mostly concentrated on evaluating the impacts of climate change on nonpoint source pollution in agricultural watersheds. Few studies have assessed the impacts of climate change on the water quality of river basins with complex point and non-point pollution sources. In view of the gap, this paper aims to establish a framework for stochastic assessment of the sensitivity of water quality to future climate change in a river basin with complex pollution sources. A sub-daily soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was developed to simulate the discharge, transport, and transformation of nitrogen from multiple point and non-point pollution sources in the upper Huai River basin of China. A weather generator was used to produce 50 years of synthetic daily weather data series for all 25 combinations of precipitation (changes by − 10, 0, 10, 20, and 30%) and temperature change (increases by 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 °C) scenarios. The generated daily rainfall series was disaggregated into the hourly scale and then used to drive the subdaily SWAT model to simulate the nitrogen cycle under different climate change scenarios. Our results in the study region have indicated that (1) both total nitrogen (TN) loads and concentrations are insensitive to temperature change; (2) TN loads are highly sensitive to precipitation change, while TN concentrations are moderately sensitive; (3) the impacts of climate change on TN concentrations are more spatiotemporally variable than its impacts on TN loads; and (4) wide distributions of TN loads and TN concentrations under individual climate change scenario illustrate the important role of climatic variability in affecting water quality conditions. In summary, the large variability in SWAT simulation results within and between each climate change scenario highlights the uncertainty of the impacts of climate change and the need to incorporate extreme conditions in managing water environment and developing climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies.
High-temperature compression of closed cell aluminium foams

The compression behaviour of closed cell aluminium foams (Al99.5, AlMg1Si0.6 and AlSi12 matrix alloys, TiH2 foaming agent) prepared by powder metallurgy was studied in the temperature range of 20–550◦C. It was observed that the temperature increase results in the decrease of the compression strength and energy absorption and increase of densification strain (plateau length) at constant density. The dependence of compression strength on foam density and temperature was successfully modelled using new proposed equation. The activation energy for compression of aluminium foams seems to be density dependent with a maximum at certain density range depending on foam composition. It was also found that the characteristic exponent Tf for the compression strength of aluminium foams is temperature dependent variable. The strain at compression strength (deformation up to the macroscopic failure of foam) is nearly temperature independent or decreases at constant density depending on aluminium alloy matrix. The absorbed energy per unit volume of aluminium foams decreases with increasing temperature significantly due to the decrease in the value of plateau/compression strength at constant density. K e y w o r d s: aluminium foam, powder metallurgy, compression, temperature, strength, energy absorption
rrigation revenue loss in Murray – Darling Basin drought : n econometric assessment

This article presents an econometric analysis of irrigation commodity area and revenue responses to varying commodity prices, water availability and climate conditions for the second half of a decade long drought in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia. We find statistically significant evidence of irrigation area decline with reductions in water allocations and irrigation revenue shrinking with area irrigated. Results also indicate hotter drier weather conditions experienced in the drought effected crops differently: some crop revenues suffered, while higher evapotranspiration and yield potential appeared to ater urray–Darling Basin support higher revenue outcomes for other crops. Comparison revealed that marginal revenue changes in response to water allocations estimated are much less than those implicit in other economic assessments of water scarcity impacts for the same basin that used different methods. We find that triangulation of results between methods provides confidence in consistent results and reveals possible avenues for future research and methodological development. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.