Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-nuclei transcriptomic analysis of the subthalamic nucleus reveals different Pitx2-positive subpopulations

The subthalamic nucleus is a compartmentalized structure formed during development with each division serving a different function. A few molecular markers such as transcription factors involved in the formation and maintenance of the STN have been identified, and whilst a few more genes have been reported to be expressed in the STN, the complete transcriptomic landscape of the mature STN remains elusive. So far genes associated with the adult STN have been expressed throughout the structure. It therefore remains to establish if the functional division of this structure is attributed to a molecular diversity comprising of subpopulations. In this study a single-nuclei RNA-sequencing of genetically labelled Pitx2-Cre was conducted to identify the molecular heterogeneity of the STN. The findings revealed two subpopulations of the STN marked by the expression of Baiap3/Fxyd6 or Fgf11. Moreover additional Pitx2+ subpopulations with distinct signature markers that characterize neighboring structures of the STN such as the parasubthalamic nucleus, the lateral hypothalamus, the zona incerta and the mammillary nucleus were also identified.
PERK/eIF-2α/CHOP Pathway Dependent ROS Generation Mediates Butein-induced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Apoptosis and G2/M Phase Arrest

Butein, a member of the chalcone family, is a potent anticarcinogen against multiple cancers, but its specific anti-NSCLC mechanism remains unknown. The present study examined the effects of butein treatment on NSCLC cell lines and NSCLC xenografts. Butein markedly decreased NSCLC cell viability; inhibited cell adhesion, migration, invasion, and colony forming ability; and induced cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in NSCLC cells. Moreover, butein significantly inhibited PC-9 xenograft growth. Both in vivo and in vitro studies verified that butein exerted anti-NSCLC effect through activating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. These pro-apoptotic effects were reversed by the use of 4- phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), CHOP siRNA, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and Z-VAD-FMK (z-VAD) in vitro. Moreover, inhibition of ER stress markedly reduced ROS generation. In addition, in vivo studies further confirmed that inhibition of ER stress or oxidative stress partially abolished the butein-induced inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, butein is a potential therapeutic agent for NSCLC, and its anticarcinogenic action might be mediated by ER stress-dependent ROS generation and the apoptosis pathway.
Combination of Feedforward and Feedback H, Control for Speed scheduled Vehicle Automatic Steering

This paper presents speed scheduling of H, controllers for vehicle lateral control. Control synthesis uses a linear vehicle model which includes the yaw and roll motion and is based on loop shaping and robust feedforward H, optimization. The synthesis procedure allows the separate processing of the robust stabilization and the rejection of measured disturbance. The feedforward part processes the road curvature signal and is designed to achieve robust disturbance rejection. The state feedback-observer form of the controllers is used for speed scheduling using robust interpolation. The synthesized controllers are tested for lane keeping maneuvers and disturbance rejection at different speeds and road conditions.
A modified teaching–learning-based optimisation algorithm for bi-objective re-entrant hybrid flowshop scheduling

In this paper, a modified teaching–learning-based optimisation (mTLBO) algorithm is proposed to solve the re-entrant hybrid flowshop scheduling problem (RHFSP) with the makespan and the total tardiness criteria. Based on the simple job-based representation, a novel decoding method named equivalent due date-based permutation schedule is proposed to transfer an individual to a feasible schedule. At each generation, a number of superior individuals are selected as the teachers by the Pareto-based ranking phase. To enhance the exploitation ability in the promising area, the insertion-based local search is embedded in the search framework as the training phase for the TLBO. Due to the characteristics of the permutation-based discrete optimisation, the linear order crossover operator and the swap operator are adopted to imitate the interactions among the individuals in both the teaching phase and the learning phase. To store the non-dominated solutions explored during the search process, an external archive is used and updated when necessary. The influence of the parameter setting on the mTLBO in solving the RHFSP is investigated, and numerical tests with some benchmarking instances are carried out. The comparative results show that the proposed mTLBO outperforms the existing algorithms significantly.
Aerosolized TLR Agonists Suppress Acute Sendai Virus Lung Infection and Chronic Airway Disease in Mice

Respiratory viral infections play central roles in the initiation, exacerbation and progression of asthma in humans. An acute paramyxoviral infection in mice can cause a chronic lung disease that resembles human asthma. We sought to determine whether reduction of Sendai virus lung burden in mice by stimulating innate immunity with aerosolized Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists could attenuate the severity of chronic asthma-like lung disease. Treatment with 1 µM oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) M362, an agonist of the TLR9 homodimer, and 4 µM Pam2CSK4 (Pam2), an agonist of the TLR2/6 heterodimer, within a few days before or after Sendai virus challenge, resulted in a ∼75% reduction in lung Sendai virus burden five days after challenge. The reduction in acute lung virus burden was associated with marked reductions 49 days after viral challenge in eosinophilic and lymphocytic lung inflammation, airway mucous metaplasia, lumenal mucus occlusion, and hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Mechanistically, ODN/Pam2 treatment attenuated the chronic asthma phenotype by suppressing IL-33 production by type 2 pneumocytes, both by reducing the severity of acute infection and by downregulating Type 2 (allergic) inflammation. These data suggest that treatment of susceptible human hosts with aerosolized ODN and Pam2 at the time of a respiratory viral infection might attenuate the severity of the acute infection and reduce progression of asthma. One Sentence Summary Respiratory viral infections can induce chronic airway disease, and we find that stimulating innate immunity within the lungs of mice reduces the severity of acute infection and development of a chronic asthma phenotype.
Walking Pattern Generation for Humanoid Robots

Walking Pattern Generation for Humanoid Robots Ruisen (Eric) Liu Advisor: Matt Zucker May 8,2015 This project explores the design and implementation of walking patterns for humanoid robots. This report presents a brief introduction to human walking and the exploration of two walking pattern generation techniques for humanoid robots: Zero Moment Point (ZMP) Preview Control and Stretched Leg Walking. Both walking patterns are then implemented and optimized on the DARwIn-OP, an I8-inch, 20 dof robot to examine relative merit in imitating humanlike motion.
Diversity techniques for rotorcraft wireless communications

Transmitted and received signals involving rotorcrafts are subject to inter-modulations caused by the rotor blades. The statistical characteristics of the wireless communication link between a rotorcraft transmitter and a receiver on the ground are developed. Both the scattering and Doppler effects of the rotating blades on the impairment of frequency modulated frequency hopping signals are considered. The channel model includes the near-field wave propagation between the transmitter antenna and the scattering blades. The channel model is used to examine the performance of different diversity techniques, namely, the transmitter diversity, multicarrier frequency hopping (MCFH) and the fast frequency hopping (FFH), in view of the antenna polarization and relative strength of the direct path and the scattering component from the rotating blades.
SPOT5: system overview and image ground segment

SPOT5, the fifth satellite of the SPOT remote sensing satellite family was successfully launched on the 4th of May 2002. SPOT5 is designed to ensure continuity of data acquisition and space image services but also to provide users with advanced products. It flies two identical cameras named HRG (High Resolution Geometry) providing a 2.5 m and a 5 m resolution in a panchromatic mode and a 10 m resolution in a multi-spectral mode, still keeping a 60-km ground field. Stereo application complements SPOT5 mission; the satellite flies a specific High Resolution Stereo Instrument (HRS) made up of two telescopes allowing a 20/spl deg/ fore view and a 20/spl deg/ aft view over a 120-km swath, sampling the landscape every 5 m. To be consistent with this new space segment, the image ground segment has been fully redesigned in order to allow worldwide SPOT family reception and products dissemination. The paper presents the mission, the image ground segment architecture and introduces the SPOT products.
An Empirical Mode Decomposition Signal Denoising Method Based on Block Energy

Empirical mode decomposition is useful in nonparametric signal denoising problem. In this paper, a signal denoising method based on intrinsic mode functions is proposed. A block energy criterion based on the signal samples between two adjacent zero-crossings is proposed to distinguish the useful signal from noise. To verify the effectiveness of the method presented in this paper, two different synthetic signals corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise are simulated under different sampling frequencies settings, and the results are compared with the existing EMD based denoising methods. The simulation results illustrated that the presented block energy based technique can improve signalto-noise ratio of the synthetic signals obviously.
Theoretical performance of multiple-branch equalization in broadband wireless channels

This paper analyzes the theoretical performance of M-branch linear diversity/equalization receivers operating in highly-dispersive Rayleigh channels. We present analytical results for the output signal-to-distortion ratio of a range of important receiver types: matched filter bound; matched filter; zero-forcing; minimum mean-square error; and pre-equalizing. Our results reveal insights into the tremendous benefit of diversity combining to receivers using linear equalization, and into the sub-optimality of the matched filter receiver in dispersive channels.
Effective moving cast shadow detection for monocular color image sequences

For an accurate scene analysis in monocular image sequences, a robust segmentation of a moving object from the static background is generally required. However, the existence of moving cast shadow may lead to an inaccurate object segmentation, and as a result, lead to further erroneous scene analysis. An effective detection of moving cast shadow in monocular color image sequences is developed. Firstly, by realizing the various characteristics of shadow in luminance, chrominance, and gradient density, an indicator, called shadow confidence score, of the probability of the region classified as cast shadow is calculated. Secondly the canny edge detector is employed to detect edge pixels in the detected region. These pixels are then bounded by their convex hull, which estimates the position of the object. Lastly, by analyzing the shadow confidence score and the bounding hull, the cast shadow is identified as those regions outside the bounding hull and with high shadow confidence score. A number of typical outdoor scenes are evaluated and it is shown that our method can effectively detect the associated cast shadow from the object of interest.
EMPIRICAL OBSERVATION OF TERM VARIATIONS AND PRINCIPLES FOR THEIR DESCRIPTION

Terms are often supposed not to be prone to variation. Empirical observation of terms in various corpora (telecommunication, physics, medicine) shows, on the contrary, the quantitative and qualitative importance of term variation. We give a precise linguistic description of the rules relating to controlled terms and observed variants and of the constraints on these rules. This description leads to novel means of enriching terminologies via the generation of possible term variants or the simplification of nominal parse trees in order to discover potential variants.
Image Media Technology for Virtual Reality Applications. Motion Simulation of Virtual Varicolored Carp Based on the Vibration Wing Theory.

本研究では, CGによる錦鯉の運動モデルを生成する方法について提案する. 一般に, 錦鯉や熱帯魚などの観賞魚は, 餌を与えたときの反応や, 泳ぎの優雅さを見て楽しむ. そこで錦鯉のモデル生成には, 実時間で, かつリアルに動くモデルが必要となる. 本モデルでは, より現実的で自然感のある鯉の動きを表現する. そのアプローチは, 魚の動きに振動翼理論を適用した. 魚を輪切り状に分割して, それぞれの制御点群に単関節逆運動学を用いて体の捻りを表現した. 本モデルは実時間処理が可能であることから, 実時間のシミュレーションにより, 本報告で提案した錦鯉の運動モデルの有用性を確かめた.
Support Vector Machine Approach and Petroleum Engineering

Support Vector Machine is a supervised computer learning algorithm which is originated from Statistical Learning Theory and is used for both classification and regression tasks in wide variety of engineering problems. SVM implementations show that it gives rise to more accurate results rather than neural networks and statistical methods in most applications. Furthermore, Support Vector Machine is more convenient for situations where the populations are small and non-linear. The basic ideas behind the Support Vector Machine algorithm, however, can be explained without ever reading an equation. So in this paper, a brief description of Support Vector Machine method is first brought and after that some important implementations in petroleum engineering are discussed shortly.
A Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of 2,5-Functionalized Thieno[2,3-b]-thiophenes Using Anhydrous Potassium Fluoride in Dimethylformamide

A simple one-pot synthesis of 2,5-functionalized thieno[2,3-b]thiophenes by the condensation of 1,3-diketones with CS2 and alkylating agents carrying an electron-withdrawing group such as CO2Et, COR or CN in the presence of anhydrous potassium fluoride as the condensation promoter in anhydrous DMF is described. The process is mild, convenient and offers reasonable yields.
Profiling the communication workload of an iPSC/860

Many tools are available for profiling the communication traffic in individual applications on distributed memory message passing machines, but little is known about the communication traffic of the entire workload of a given machine. This work describes the results of using a modified kernel for the Intel iPSC/860 hypercube to collect message passing statistics for each application, run on that machine. The modified kernel does this transparently so that the entire workload can be profiled without requiring special efforts by each user. This kernel was used to profile the communication workload of the 128-node Intel iPSC/860 at the NASA Ames Research Center. Results from this study are presented. <<ETX>>
MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS USING ANALYTIC NETWORK PROCESS (ANP)

In Asian and African developing cities, decisions on transportation projects are made with capital cost constraints and administrative influences, thus, providing a well-designed public transport is not a simple task. Therefore, multi-criteria decision-making methods that can incorporate the conflicting considerations are essential. This case study introduced the application of ANP for public transportation development programs. Even though ANP is the generalization of AHP, the results of the two models were compared to see the effects of the feedback, outer and inner dependences of the elements. According to the result, ANP model give a relative importance for environmental and socio-economic benefits as a criteria of public transport development, however, the AHP model turned out to give importance for the capital cost and capacity. Providing Bus Rapid Transit and Light Rail are the chosen alternatives in the case of ANP, where as AHP model choose expanding the existing bus services.
Fuzzy data domain description using support vector machines

In this paper, we reformulate the use of a data domain description method, inspired by the fuzzy support vector machine (SVM) by Lin, called the fuzzy data domain description. This data description is suitable for applications in which each input point may not be fully assigned to one class. In this method, different input data can make different contributions to the domain description.
Trace-Context Sensitive Performance Models from Monitoring Data of Software Systems

Operation response times in software systems are typically modeled by probability distributions. However, particularly in Java EE applications, operation response time distributions are often of high variance or multi-modal. Such characteristics reduce confidence or applicability in various statistical evaluations. We observed that calling-context information, e.g., the complete call path within the system, is often connected to a significant part of this variance and other undesired distribution characteristics. This paper introduces an approach to analyzing operation response times in the context of the complete call trace. This results in response time distributions that are specific to trace-contexts. We present empirical results of a medium-size online store demo application on the benefits of using trace-context specific response time distributions. The results are compared to the use of other or no calling-context information. Empirical support is presented that trace-context analysis can create response time distributions with lower variance compared to using less or no calling-context information. Based on trace-context analysis, multi-modal distributions could be replaced by multiple unimodal distributions.
Utilization of a Hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy Engine to Predict Trunk Muscle Activity for Sagittal Lifting

The ability to assess the loads on the spine in industry using biologically-assisted models has been limited by the current capability to obtain accurate muscle activities that could be entered into an EMG-assisted model. One crucial aspect of EMG-assisted models is the capability to capture the antagonistic coactivity in dynamic lifting conditions. However, limitations of electromyography equipment make it difficult to assess the muscle activity in industry. The overall project developed a complex engine using fuzzy average with fuzzy cluster distribution techniques in combination with neural network structure. The objective of the current study was compare the predicted spine loads for the actual and predicted muscle activities during sagittal lifting conditions. The model fidelity of the EMG-assisted spine load model was actually improved with the predicted EMG as compared to the actual EMG with improved r-square and average absolute error values. Furthermore, the three-dimensional spine loads were almost identical for the predicted EMG as compared to the actual EMG (within 35 N in each plane). The compression forces predicted within 1% while shear forces were within 11%. Overall, the new neuro-fuzzy engine provides an accurate estimation of the coactivity pattern during lifting that can now be applied in industrial settings where traditional muscle activity assessment methods are subjected to noise or are difficult to administer.
Kinetic and Mechanistic Aspects of Metal Ion Catalysis in Cerium(IV) Oxidation

Abstract This review discusses the kinetic aspects of different metal ion catalysis in Ce(IV) oxidation of different types of organic and inorganic substrates in aqueous acid media. The reactions have been categorised with the metal ions acting as the catalysts. The nature of mechanism of catalysis in Ce(IV) oxidation depends on the nature of substrate for a particular metal ion catalyst and it also largely depends on the nature of acid medium used. The utility and scope of the catalytic oxidation by Ce(IV) in analytical chemistry are discussed.
Approaches toward ultralarge FPDs

Ultralarge active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCD) and plasma display panels (PDP) are both being developed as flat-panel display (FPD) competitors to the bulky cathode-ray tube for color video and monitor applications. The visual requirements for ultralarge FPDs are defined and their limits quantitatively delineated Tiling, with or without seams, has been shown to provide the only path to ultralarge FPD sizes not accessible today with monolithic construction. The design, manufacturing, and characteristics of tiled AMLDs is described in detail. The 37.5-in tiled color-video AMLCD recently demonstrated by Rainbow Displays Inc. is used as the primary illustration. The limits of tiling will also be delineated. Finally, the relative strengths of the PDP and the AMLCD in ultralarge FPD applications will be assessed.
Determination of the optimal beta gimbal angles for the solar arrays of the space station using a neural network

The current baseline solution for minimizing the potential of dynamic loads being imparted onto the solar arrays of the Space Station during proximity maneuvers by the Space Shuttle is to lock the position of the solar arrays throughout the approach/departure of the Space Shuttle. However, if the a priori locked position does not optimally feather the solar arrays throughout the Shuttle's approach/departure, excessive dynamic loads could result, producing a structural failure in the solar arrays. A more robust solution would involve feathering the position of the solar arrays throughout proximity maneuvers by the Space Shuttle. The robust solution will be implemented using a neural network as an open loop predictor/controller. <<ETX>>
Digital Analogies:: The Keyboard as Field of Musical Play

Relating evidence from the mythological to the contemporary in both historical and media-archaeological registers, this article explores how techniques of sonic generation and representation shuttled between what might be defined as digital and analog domains long before the terms acquired their present meanings—and became locked in a binary opposition—over the latter half of the twentieth century. It proposes that such techniques be conceptualized via the “digital analogy,” a critical strategy that accounts for the nesting of techno-musical configurations. While the scope of digital analogies is expansive, the focus here falls on a particular interface and mode of engagement. The interface is the keyboard; the mode of engagement is the play, both ludic and musical, that the keyboard affords. Operations at the keyboard have been integral to ludic communication and computation as well as to the practices of composition, performance, and improvisation. To map out this genealogy and to show how it continues to inform loci of musical play from sound art to digital games, the article draws on an array of critical and theoretical texts including Friedrich Kittler’s media analyses, Vilem Flusser’s writings on technology, and post-Foucauldian discourses on cultural techniques.
Transform modulations for mobile communications

A new modulation scheme called transform modulations is proposed which improves the system performance in frequency-flat fading mobile channels. They ameliorate the effect of the fadings over the transmitted signal by spreading the information in time, using a linear transform operator. The design of this scheme is discussed and its advantages are shown by means of simulations. The relationship of this scheme with OFDM modulation is also analyzed.