Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scale Effect and Correlation between Uniaxial Compressive Strength and Point Load Index for Limestone and Travertine

Determining the uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock is the primary objective of a geomechanical project, and a reliable estimate in the early phases saves time and costs for more sophisticated laboratory tests. The problem is knowing which of the correlations between the resistance to uniaxial compression and point load index are reliable, those that cover one or several types of rock (depending on the type of statistical adjustment). In this work, they were evaluated with respect to limestone and travertine from experimental results, and the statistical models of the scale effect of the point load index were determined, and the uniaxial compressive strength being estimated from correlations reported in literature. The limestone model was ascending (strength increases as diameter increases), while the travertine model was descending (strength decreases as diameter increases), obtaining similar exponents for the scale effect equations modeled from the uniaxial compressive strength and point load index in both cases.
Spatial and temporal changes of land uses and its relationship with surface temperature in western Iran

A Split-Window algorithm has been used in the Ilam Dam watershed to determine the relationship between Land Surface Temperature (LST) and types of land use. Landsat satellite images of TM sensor for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 and Landsat 8 (OLI Sensor) for 2015 and 2018 are used. After geometric and radiometric corrections of satellite images, land use maps are extracted by using Fuzzy ARTMAP method. An accuracy assessment showed that the highest value of the Kappa coefficient was 94% with a total accuracy of 0.95 for 2015, and that the lowest Kappa coefficient value was 87% with a total accuracy of 0.9 for 1990. The high values of these coefficients indicate the acceptable accuracy of using Landsat's remote sensing data for land use detection. The most important land use change is related to dense forest and sparse forest land uses, with a decrease of 20.07 and 17.04 percent, respectively. The minimum LST measures in 1990, 2010, and 2018 in dense forest are 21.27, 30.55 and 33.82 °C respectively. The maximum LST for the sparse forest land use in 1990 and 2010 are 52.48, 56.09, and for the dense forest land use in 2018 is 56.10 °C. As a result, the average LST in agricultural lands was lower than in sparse forest and rangeland; this is mainly due to the high moisture content and the greater evapotranspiration rate. Land Use / Land Cover (LULC) variations from 1990 to 2018 show that all land uses have experienced an increase in LST.
A Transcriptomic Analysis of Gene Expression in Chieh-Qua in Response to Fusaric Acid Stress

Fusarium wilt results in undesirable effects on the quality and production of chieh-qua (Benincasa hispida Cogn. var. Chieh-qua How). Fusaric acid (FA), a secondary metabolite of biotin produced by pathogens of genus Fusarium, induced resistant responses in chieh-qua; however, the physiological and molecular mechanism(s) of FA resistance remains largely unknown. In our study, ‘A39’ (FA-resistant cultivar) exhibited decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity when exposed to FA compared with ‘H5’ (FA-susceptible cultivar). More apoptosis cells existed in ‘H5’ than ‘A39’ after 2 days of FA treatment. RNA-seq results revealed that a total of 2968 and 3931 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected under normal conditions (1562 up-regulated and 1406 down-regulated) and FA treatment (2243 up-regulated and 1688 down-regulated), respectively. Interestingly, DEGs associated with pathogen-related protein and ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and signal pathways were most significantly changed during FA stress. Notably, several crucial genes encoding pathogenesis-related protein (CL4451.Contig2, CL2175.Contig4), peroxidase (Unigene49615 and CL11695.Contig2), and ET-responsive transcription factors (TFs) (CL9320.Contig1, CL9849.Contig3, CL6826.Contig2, CL919. Contig6, and CL518.Contig7) were specifically induced after FA treatment. Collectively, the study provides molecular data for isolating candidate genes involved in FA resistance, especially ET related genes in chieh-qua.
Thermodynamics of the amphiboles: Anthophyllite-ferroanthophyllite and the ortho-clino phase loop

Abstract Ten new single-crystal X-ray structure refinements of unheated and heat-treated anthophyllite, new measurements of the optical indicatrix of anthophyllite, and previously published data from Mössbauer spectroscopy of heated anthophyllite, show that temperature-dependent long-range order of Fe2+ and Mg on the M-sites of cummingtonite-grunerite and anthophyllite may be considered identical for the purpose of thermodynamic modeling. The difference in solution properties between the monoclinic and orthorhombic series, as expressed in the composition (XFe) dependence of lnKD in natural amphibole pairs, is accomodated through adjustment of an enthalpic term that is independent of order-disorder. End-member thermodynamic properties of cummingtonite and ferroanthophyllite are derived from those already known for anthophyllite and grunerite respectively, using intercrystalline KD data and a fit of the T-XFe phase loop to two critical field constraints: middle amphibolite-facies amphibolites and upper amphibolite-facies metaperidotites. Amphibolites suggest a transition temperature in the system FMSH at ≈ 555 °C and XFe ≤ 0.3, whereas metaperidotites suggest a transition temperature of ≈ 650 °C at XFe ≤ 0.1. LnKD for Fe-Mg exchange between cummingtonite and anthophyllite passes through zero at XFe ≈ 0.7, and as a result the T-XFe phase loop shows a minimum at this composition. Extrapolated end-member transition temperatures are estimated to be ≈ 800 °C (Mg) and ≈450 °C (Fe). At its breakdown to enstatite + quartz + H2O (790 °C at 5 kbar), anthophyllite is marginally stable with respect to end-member cummingtonite, and the addition of Ca renders the breakdown reaction metastable. A stability field is possible for end-member ferroanthophyllite. Cummingtoniteanthophyllite phase relations mirror those of the analogous clino- and orthopyroxene.
Adaptive Modulation Scheme for Satellite Communication Channel Based on RLNN

This paper discusses the potential applications of reinforcement learning in communication systems. In order to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless communication channels, we propose an adaptive modulation scheme based on reinforcement learning and deep neural network (RLNN) with a average network exploration(AE) strategy. Although the application of machine learning technology in link adaptation has attracted widespread attention, most of the solutions currently proposed are based on offline training algorithms, which are not suitable for real-time operations. Classical reinforcement learning is only effective in discrete actions and states. The proposed technical solution does not depend on the offline training mode. The proposed technical solution uses AE strategy to drive exploration, which can improve the exploration efficiency of the agent. The simulation result shows that we can increase the data transmission rate under limited bandwidth and independently improves link availability, throughput and the efficiency of the wireless communication system.
Construction And factorial validation of a short version of the Academic Motivation Scale

ABSTRACT Academic motivation is important to students' mental health and performance. One established measure is the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), comprising 28 items. AMS assesses intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation, which are further categorised into seven subscales. One weakness of AMS is its length. In this study, we constructed and validated a short version of the 14-item Academic Motivation Scale (SAMS). Data from two university student samples were analysed to construct and validate the factorial structure. SAMS yielded adequate internal consistency, and very strong correlations with the original version of AMS in both samples. Confirmatory factor analysis on SAMS replicated the seven-factor model identified in the original AMS. SAMS can be a reliable and valid alternative to the original AMS.
60‐ghz wideband circularly polarized antenna array based on
 TE
 340
 ‐mode SIC and sequential rotation feeding technique

The authors propose a 4 � 4 circularly polarized (CP) antenna array with wide impedance bandwidth and axial ‐ ratio (AR) bandwidth and design the same for 60 ‐ GHz applications. The overall structure of the proposed antenna array consists of a cavity ‐ back circular patch array and two layer feed ‐ networks. The upper feed ‐ network is with four TE 340 high ‐ order mode substrate integrated cavities (SIC). Fed with SIC, circular patches with a pair of 42° ‐ inclined slits can achieve circular polarization. In order to improve the AR bandwidth and gain performance, the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) sequential rotation feeding technique is utilized in the lower feed ‐ network. For proof of concept, the 4 � 4 array is fabricated and measured. Measured results show that − 10 ‐ dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna array is 27.2% from 52 to 68.4 GHz and 3
Comparison of Emissions from Wood Combustion. Part 1: Emission Factors and Characteristics from Different Small-Scale Residential Heating Appliances Considering Particulate Matter and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Related Toxicological Potential of Particle-Bound Organic Species

An investigation was performed to study the emissions of state of the art small-scale residential heating appliances. The different combustion systems were compared at optimal combustion conditions. A comprehensive characterization of released organic species of all combustion systems was performed. An approach was performed to estimate the toxicity of the emitted particulate matter by the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). It is based on the proposal of the German Research Foundation (DFG) that the health risk is proportionally summarized by different PAHs with different health risk potentials. This approach allows for a rough but fast comparison of different furnaces by the calculation of the toxic equivalent (TEQ) value in addition to the emission of particulate matter (PM). Best results were obtained by combusting wood as pellets in a modern pellet boiler (PM = 11–13 mg MJ–1 and TEQ = 0.12–0.75 μg MJ–1). On the opposite of the emission scale, the toxic potentials of the typical log wo.
Dissociative Symptoms and Psychotic Features in Bipolar Disorder: Impact on Clinical Course and Treatment Response

Background Dissociative symptoms are widely expressed in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and may precede the onset of the disorder and be a marker of poor treatment response. In the present study we aimed: 1) to assess the relationship between dissociative symptoms and the onset of psychotic symptoms in patients with BD; 2) to assess clinical and socio-demographic characteristics more frequently associated with dissociative symptoms and the response to treatment with mood stabilizers. Methods One-hundred patients diagnosed with BD were enrolled in this study. They underwent a semi-structured interview to collect socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (DES-II) and ALDA scale were used to assess dissociative psychopathologies and response to treatment with mood stabilizers respectively. Results Forty-four percent of patients reported psychotic symptoms on the DES-II scale; BD I patients had a higher total DES-II score than BD II patients. Dissociative symptoms presented a direct correlation with the total number of episodes (p < .000), antidepressant switch to mania (p < .000), seasonality (p < .000), aggression (p < .000), and mixed states (p < .000). higher DES-II scores were reported by patients with poor response to treatment. Conclusions Dissociative phenomena are closely related to the presence of psychotic symptoms in BD, especially in BD I. In a future perspective, this association could represent a diagnostic indicator of BD I have given the close association with psychotic symptoms. Our study shows that several clinical variables transversely indicate a poor response to treatment with mood stabilizers, a worse course of illness, and the presence of dissociative symptoms.
Women empowering women: the intercultural impact of Arab women interactions with Jewish women in abused women’s shelter

ABSTRACT Shelters for battered women are important in combating abuse against women. The present study focused on changes described by abused Arab women after living in shelters with Jewish abused women in Israel. The qualitative research method was based on 15 interviews with Muslim women aged 23–44. Three themes emerged. 1) Independence focuses on the empowering role of encounters with Jewish women, facilitating resistance of the patriarchal relationships with their families of origin. 2) A change in perception of motherhood, focuses on the shift in childrearing practices, from the patriarchal-cultural approach to honoring children’s individuality. 3) Change in social perception, focuses on the shift from patriarchal obedience to wielding the right for self-expression. The present study contribution is in broadening the understanding the empowering potential of women’s intercultural encounters, they can assist those women in transforming personal, gender, and cultural worldviews in their struggle to be free from violence.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI PIGMEN WARNA HITAM, MERAH DAN KUNING BERBAHAN DASAR PASIR BESI

Sintesis dan karateristik pigmen warna hitam, merah dan kuning berbahan dasar pasir besi telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah sintesis dan karakterisasi pigmen menggunakan bahan baku pasir besi menggunakan metode kalsinasi. Pembuatan pigmen warna hitam dilakukan dengan mencampurkan pasir besi dengan larutan NaOH dan NH 4 OH lalu dipanaskan pada suhu 800 °C. Pigmen merah dibuat dengan melarutkan pasir besi dalam larutan H 2 SO 4 dan dipanaskan pada suhu 650 °C. Sedangkan pigmen kuning dibuat dari serbuk pigmen merah lalu dilarutkan ke dalam larutan HCl serta dipanaskan pada suhu 250 °C. Serbuk pigmen dikarakterisasi mengunakan XRD, SEM-EDX dan PSA dan Crommameter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serbuk pigmen warna hitam, merah dan kuning memiliki struktur kristal kubik dengan bentuk morfologi permukaan dan ukuran butir sebagai berikut: pada pigmen hitam partikel berbentuk butiran bulat seragam dengan ukuran butir 926,4 nanometer, pigmen merah memiliki bentuk butiran bulat seragam dengan ukuran butir 72,2 nm dan pigmen warna kuning memiliki bentuk butiran bulat seragam dengan ukuran 349 nm. Kandungan utama unsur pigmen hitam, merah dan kuning adalah besi (Fe) dan oksigen (O). Serbuk pigmen warna hasil uji colorimetri coordinat L*a*b* yaitu pada pigmen warna hitam nilai L*a*b* dan D E adalah 23,76; 1,35; 1,43 dan 2,34, pigmen merah 43,23; 16,00; 17,30 dan 9,89, dan pigmen warna kuning 66,76; 14,84; 49,95 dan 4,862. Pigmen warna yang dihasilkan telah sesuai dengan standar.
Future climate change will impact the size and location of breeding and wintering areas of migratory thrushes in South America

ABSTRACT Bird migration patterns are changing worldwide due to current global climate changes. Addressing the effects of such changes on the migration of birds in South America is particularly challenging because the details about how birds migrate within the Neotropics are generally not well understood. Here, we aim to infer the potential effects of future climate change on breeding and wintering areas of birds that migrate within South America by estimating the size and elevations of their future breeding and wintering areas. We used occurrence data from species distribution databases (VertNet and GBIF), published studies, and eBird for 3 thrush species (Turdidae; Turdus nigriceps, T. subalaris, and T. flavipes) that breed and winter in different regions of South America and built ecological niche models using ensemble forecasting approaches to infer current and future potential distributions throughout the breeding and wintering periods of each species. Our findings point to future shifts in wintering and breeding areas, mainly through elevational and longitudinal changes. Future breeding areas for T. nigriceps, which migrates along the Andes Mountains, will be displaced to the west, while breeding displacements to the east are expected for the other 2 species. An overall loss in the size of future wintering areas was also supported for 2 of the species, especially for T. subalaris, but an increase is anticipated for T. flavipes. Our results suggest that future climate change in South America will require that species shift their breeding and wintering areas to higher elevations in addition to changes in their latitudes and longitude. Our findings are the first to show how future climate change may affect migratory birds in South America throughout the year and suggest that even closely related migratory birds in South America will be affected in different ways, depending on the regions where they breed and overwinter. LAY SUMMARY Bird ranges are changing worldwide due to current global climate changes. Bird migration is common in South America, with more than 200 species of Neotropical austral migrants, yet we still understand little about how these species are impacted by climate change. We modeled future breeding and winter distributions of 3 species of migratory thrushes in South America. Our results suggest that future wintering and breeding areas for migratory birds in South America will decrease, change in latitude and longitude, and shift to higher regions although patterns will likely vary by species.
Physicochemical Characterization and Functional Potential of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. Landrace Green Beans

The green bean is an important crop worldwide, because it is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, as well as bioactive compounds that provide it with important functional properties; however, the composition of many landraces is still unknown. The purpose of this project was to characterize Phaselus vulgaris and coccineus L. landrace green beans on pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total sugars, color parameters, total phenols, monomeric anthocyanins, and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). Regarding the content of total sugars, differences were registered between both species, as opposed to results observed in total soluble solids. Color parameters showed higher reddish tones for P. vulgaris landraces, though P. coccineus had a higher total phenolic content, especially the reddish landraces, which correlated directly to a higher antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP. In the protein content, the species P. vulgaris registered the highest content. These results could contribute to a greater use and even promote the genetic improvement of the outstanding pods that serve as one of the main food products in rural regions for higher benefits.
Mediated Competitive Hydrogen Bonding Form Mesoporous Phenolic Resins Templated by Poly(ethylene oxide-b-ε-caprolactone-b-l-lactide) Triblock Copolymers

A series of immiscible triple crystalline triblock copolymers, poly(ethylene oxide-b-e-caprolactone-b-l-lactide) (PEO-b-PCL-b-PLLA), synthesized through sequential ring-opening polymerization, have been blended with phenolic resin. FTIR spectra revealed that the ether groups of the PEO blocks were stronger hydrogen bond acceptors for the OH groups of phenolic resin than were the C═O groups of the PCL and PLLA blocks. Curing of phenolic with the templates and hexamethylenetetramine resulted in excluded and confined PCL or PLLA phases, depending on the phenolic content. This effect led to the formation of various composition-dependent nanostructures, including disordered structures, bicontinuous gyroids, hexagonally packed cylinders, and spherical micelle structures. Small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy revealed that self-organized mesoporous phenolic resin formed at phenolic contents of only 30–50 wt % as a result of an intriguing balance among the contents of phenolic and the .
Management of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome in neurocognitive disorders

Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) has important implications in afflicted patients’ overall management from critical care units to outpatient clinics. This clinical review addresses up-to-date recommendations from professional organizations, such as the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, and puts management in context of patients with comorbid neurocognitive disorders (such as vascular or Alzheimer’s dementia). For example, recent studies have found a potential bidirectional relationship between the disease process OSAHS and neurocognitive disorders or other psychiatric disorders found in older people. It is important to consider possible general medical and psychiatric contributors to severity of OSAHS, particularly in geriatric patients.
The Macro Economic Drivers of Non-Performing Loans (NPL): Evidence from Selected Countries with Heterogeneous Panel Analysis

Takipteki Krediler (NPL), bankalarin kredi saglama kapasitesini kisitladigindan, banka tabanli altyapisi olan ulkelerin finansal sistemlerinde kritik bir konu olarak ele alinabilmektedir. Dolayisiyla bu durum ekonomik buyume ve kalkinma icin gerekli finansman kaynaklari saglanamamasina neden olmaktadir. Bu baglamda, calisma secilmis 23 ulkede NPL’nin belirleyicilerini arastirmayi amaclamaktadir. 4 bagimsiz belirleyici 2006-2018 arasindaki yillik verileri ile heterojen panel analizi kullanilarak analiz edilmistir. Ampirik bulgular, (i) krediler, gayri safi yurtici hasila (GSYIH) ve tasarruflarin istatistiksel olarak anlamli negatif etkiye sahip oldugunu, buna karsilik doviz kurlarinin (FER) NPL uzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamli olmayan pozitif bir etkiye sahip oldugunu ortaya koymaktadir; (ii) Kredilerdeki % 1'lik artis NPL’yi yaklasik % 2 oraninda azaltmakta; (iii); FER'in bazi ulkelerde ulke bazinda istatistiksel olarak onemli etkileri vardir; (iv) krediler, tasarruflar ve GSYIH icin negatif katsayilar hem genel panel hem de ulke bazinda tutarlidir.
Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

This review presents current literature on different nanocomposite coatings and surface finishing for textiles, and in particular this study has focused on smart materials, drug-delivery systems, industrial, antifouling and nano/ultrafiltration membrane coatings. Each of these nanostructured coatings shows interesting properties for different fields of application. In this review, particular attention is paid to the synthesis and the consequent physico-chemical characteristics of each coating and, therefore, to the different parameters that influence the substrate deposition process. Several techniques used in the characterization of these surface finishing coatings were also described. In this review the sol–gel method for preparing stimuli-responsive coatings as smart sensor materials is described; polymers and nanoparticles sensitive to pH, temperature, phase, light and biomolecules are also treated; nanomaterials based on phosphorus, borates, hydroxy carbonates and silicones are used and described as flame-retardant coatings; organic/inorganic hybrid sol–gel coatings for industrial applications are illustrated; carbon nanotubes, metallic oxides and polymers are employed for nano/ultrafiltration membranes and antifouling coatings. Research institutes and industries have collaborated in the advancement of nanotechnology by optimizing conversion processes of conventional materials into coatings with new functionalities for intelligent applications.