Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of Porous Nanoflake ZnO for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Application

Problem statement: Nano-scale porous ZnO with high surface area have been studied to enhance physicochemical and electrochemical properties of certain optoelectronic devices applications. Approach: ZnO porous structure consists of flake-shape particles was synthesized through pyrolitic reaction of hydrozincite as Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) product. Flake-like particle perpendicularly lied on substrate was obtained after 24 hours deposition. After calcinations, cavities on particle surface were observed as additional pores. Result: Sample crystallinity and morphology before and after calcinations were characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM. Porosity profile was evaluated to its particle structure using N2 adsorption-desorption. Surface area was calculated using BET and it was 15 m2 gram-1. Conclusion: The particle growth in CBD technique had been observed through its morphology and crystalline structure. Macropores structure was formed by cavities among the nanoflakes lied random on substrate and give surface area of 15.1866 m2 gram-1.
Theory of Planned Behavior to Analyze the Intention to Use the Electronic Money

This study aimed to analyze the knowledge, attitude, and purchase intention on electronic money among undergraduate students approached by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The study involved 100 undergraduate students of Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) which were selected randomly. The design of the study was cross sectional study with simple random sampling method. The results showed that attitude and intention to use was the high category, while the greatest proportion of subjective norm and behavioral control were at the middle category. Meanwhile, according to the model of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), attitude, subjective norm, and behavioral control had positive correlations with intention to use e-money. Attitude and subjective norm affected intention to use e-money.
Research On The Generation Method Of Test Cases In Fuzzing

Code coverage has always been an important factor affecting the efficiency of Fuzzing, and it is largely affected by Fuzzing test cases, so it is very important to construct efficient test cases. Applying genetic algorithm into the generation of test cases, it can not only reduce the redundancy of test cases, but also improve code coverage. So that we can fully test the target in less time, and improve the efficiency and effect of Fuzzing test.
PHYTOPLANKTON AND MACROFAUNA IN THE LOW SALINITY PONDS OF A PRODUCTIVE SOLAR SALTWORKS: SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND ITS MAJOR ABIOTIC DETERMINANTS

This paper focuses on the structure of the phytoplankton and macrobenthic invertebrates communities in a productive solar saltworks, as well as the major abiotic determinants of the observed biotic patterns. The observed patterns in the structure of the biotic communities attest that the ecosystem of the low salinity ponds of Kalloni Saltworks is similar to a productive coastal lagoon. Major abiotic determinants include the salinity and confinement gradients, as well as inorganic nutrients loads. The episodic enrichment of the water column in the ponds with either new nutrients from the incoming seawater, or regenerated nutrients released from the sediment, was shown to stimulate the growth to bloom levels of phytoplankton species indicative of organic enrichment and coastal eutrophication. Algal biomass and the accumulated detritus and organic matter on and within the sediment are exploited by opportunistic herbivores and deposit feeders tolerant to organic enrichment. Management measures are needed for the mitigation of the productiveness of the low salinity ponds, e.g. lower water residence times, a shallower water column, facilitation of the oxygenation of the sediment, sediment removal in winter and culture and harvesting of the naturally occuring, edible Cerastoderma glaucum bivalves.
Rim Stress Analysis of Epicyclic Gearbox

The design procedures developed for external gear pairs are often used for planetary gears. The gear rims of external as well as particularly ring gear are thin in case of planetary gear box. The thin rims are preferred because of cost reduction and weight reduction also. Therefore rim stresses become important for these types of gear boxes. In this paper rim stress for a ring gear are estimated by using curved beam theory. The bending stresses and the stresses across the thickness of ring gear are also estimated by Finite element Method (FEM). The experimental setup consists of planetary gear box with strain gauges mounted on the rim of ring gear. The stress measurement is done under static loading conditions, for which output shaft was locked with suitable locking arrangement. The input torque was provided with a lever attached to the input shaft. The experimental stresses on the rim surface for different planet positions were compared with FEM results. The stresses across the rim thickness are estimated with FEM and are in good agreement with the theoretical. The effect of angular position of planet on the root stress of ring gear is evaluated. The stress distribution along the length of rim between two fixing bolts is estimated by FEM.
Vibration of Steel Joist-Concrete Slab Floors

DEVELOPMENTS IN MATERIALS and technology have led to lighter types of construction in floors with little decrease in factors of safety. These economical methods of construction have resulted in occasional floors with insufficient stiffness to prevent noticeable vibration induced by human impact. This problem has not been limited to any type of construction or construction material. The Steel Joist Institute, in order to acquire basic knowledge and test data in the field of floor vibration, initiated and sponsored a research program at The University of Kansas. Copies of the final report can be obtained from either The University of Kansas or from the Steel Joist Institute at Washington, D. C. The program consisted of analytical and experimental work both in the field and laboratory. Two floors were built in the laboratory for control purposes, and to obtain floors which were subject to annoying vibrations. These floors were at the limit of the acceptable design range. Figure 1 shows the first floor loaded with dead weight to design load. In addition, measurements were taken on 46 different floors in the Kansas City area. The floors were designed for many different usages; offices, churches, schoolrooms, halls, and assembly rooms. The floors were in buildings in use for years as well as buildings under construction. The condition of the supported concrete slabs was a large variable. Some floors had badly cracked concrete, and others were in excellent condition. The thickness of the concrete varied as much as 2 in. from that indicated on the drawing. In only three floors of those investigated, would the disagreement between the predicted and measured frequency have been of any consequence if a vibration problem were present.
Effect of Ardhabilva Kvatha Curna - an Ayurvedic formulation on lipid profile after chronic administration.

Ardhabilva Kvatha Curna (ADR) is a poly herbal Ayurvedic preparation that is traditionally used in Bangladesh for the treatment Malabandha (obstructed feces). The present study was undertaken to observe the effect of this formulation on lipid profile reveals that it possesses hypotriglyceridemic property. The change in the lipid profile both in the male and female rats was in the same trend except Very Low Density Lipoprotein. In the male rats there was a statistically significant decrease in the Triglycerides (p=0.001***). Similar trend was observed in case of total cholesterol (p=0.491), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (p=0.673) and Low Density Lipoprotein (p= 0.211) but these decrease was not statistically significant. There was statistically insignificant increase was observed incase of High Density Lipoprotein (p=0.784). In the female rats there was a statistically significant decrease in the Triglycerides (p=0.001***). In case of total cholesterol (p=0.381) High Density Lipoprotein (p= 0.714), Low Density Lipoprotein (p= 0.131), there was not remarkable change in comparison with control groups. In the female rats the amount of Very Low Density Lipoprotein was increased that was different from male rats.
The structuring of high latitude Aurora

The interaction between the Earths magnetic field and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), originating from the Sun, is the driving force behind the aurora. Due to the phenomena of polar night, the optical signatures of dayside aurora can be investigated over Svalbard. In order to ease the examination of All-sky camera (ASC) images, an algorithm is used to quantify the observed auroral forms in terms of an “arciness” index (A, ranging from 0 to 1) describing how arc-like the shape of the green emission lines (557.7 nm) in the image is. This algorithm was applied to ASC images from Longyearbyen and Ny-Ålesund between 2000 and 2012, in combination with solar wind parameters (IMF Bz and By components and solar wind velocity) to obtain a general temporal distribution of dayside auroral structures. The temporal distribution as well as the arciness index permits the identification of the type of dayside aurora and their originating precipitation region. The analysis has been done for both polarities of IMF Bz, taking into account the contribution from the IMF By component. Auroral types, earlier defined by Sandholt et al.(2002), were identified by their corresponding arciness: arcs (A=1) or complex structures (A<0.9), their location throughout the day and also their latitudinal location. The e↵ects of the solar wind velocity on the arciness has also been discussed revealing no clear correlation. For weak solar wind velocities (v<400 km/s), a recurring temporal distribution of both arcs (A=1) and complex auroral structures (A<0.9) in the mid-morning sector (09.00-11.00 MLT) was observed and related to cusp auroras and multiple morning arcs. The arciness index permits a simple identification of arc-like auroral forms in the green emission band observed in previous studies. However it does not cover the red emission line (630.0 nm) which is often present in the cusp region. Also, auroral structures not shaped like arcs are challenging to recognize.
We Know How, What's Stopping Us: Generating Effective Teaching and Learning.

This discussion paper considers how effective teaching can be generated in schools. Firstly, a focus is directed towards the non-intellectual aspects of schooling that impact on student and teacher performance to argue that effective teaching involves the development of personal growth as well as intellect. Besides good pedagogical skills that sets them apart from less successful teachers, effective teachers possess a range of personal at­ tributes in terms of human relationship skills, self esteem, respect for and unconditional acceptance of all students, empathy, and appropriate humor. Teaching is more than just technical competence ora sound theory of instruction. It is a personal relationship with each member of the class. Secondly, there is an exploration of some of the issues concerning effective teaching in the learning/understanding context, since a certain of our contemporary class room practices, advocated as means of providing excellent or effective teaching of content, may in fact impede student learning. It proposes that some older concepts and models may provide a guide to this and need revisiting, particularly those that focus on cognitive approaches. It is not that educators do not know what effective teaching is or how to do it, but that conditions are often inimical to its development and operation.
Composition&Variability'2010. First International Workshop on Composition: Objects, Aspects, Components, Services and Product Lines

Separation of concerns is an interesting design concept which is more or less addressed in various paradigms objects, aspects, components and, services in order to achieve software reusability and adaptability. Composition of these concerns is a key issue in software development. The goal of the workshop is to bring the researchers to discuss on software composition according the paradigm which is used, the degree of dynamicity, the stage in the software life cycle, the application domain and the software variability. More generally, the unique contribution of this workshop is to view composition as it is impacted by several points of variation associated for example to the context of reuse, the time of composition or the business domain. Composition can be applied in particular on Objects, Aspects, SOA, Component-Based architectures and may address various phases of the development process such as: GUI, design, programming, deployment, and maintenance. We have been particularly interested in having contributions dealing with any combination of a topic taken in “Composition and paradigm ” and “Composition and product line” in order to get a view of the composition process colored with variability issues.
Estimation of integrated volatility of volatility with applications to goodness-of-fit testing

In this paper, we are concerned with nonparametric inference on the volatility of volatility process in stochastic volatility models. We construct several estimators for its integrated version in a high-frequency setting, all based on increments of spot volatility estimators. Some of those are positive by construction, others are bias corrected in order to attain the optimal rate $n^{-1/4}$. Associated central limit theorems are proven which can be widely used in practice, as they are the key to essentially all tools in model validation for stochastic volatility models. As an illustration we give a brief idea on a goodness-of-fit test in order to check for a certain parametric form of volatility of volatility.
DOES FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT ADD TO ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN SOUTH AFRICA? AN APPLICATION OF STRUCTURAL BREAK COINTEGRATION AND THE INNOVATION ACCOUNTING TEST

South Africa has been the leading economic giant of the Sub-Saharan African continent and also has the largest mechanised industrial system in Africa, leading to a meaningfully diversified economic system comparable to none in the entire African continent. It is in reference to this fact that this paper investigates whether financial development, trade openness and economic growth add to the energy consumption of the country and to determine what policy guide could be derived with respect to energy consumption vis-a-vis the industrialisation process of other African countries. To ensure this, the study used time series data from 1970-2011, and applied the ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration, which was then compared with the Bayer and Hanck cointegration test. In addition to this, the Clement-Montanes-Reyes’ Detrended Structural Break unit root test, was also used while the VECM Granger causality test was validated using the innovation accounting and the impulse response test. Our results confirmed the presence of cointegration between the variables. As a result of this, we found that financial development stimulates energy demand; affluence is positively linked with energy consumption, while Trade openness also increases energy consumption. The causality analysis revealed the existence of a bidirectional causal relationship between financial development and energy consumption. In addition to this we found trade openness to Granger causes energy demand i.e. trade-led energy hypothesis. The unidirectional causality running from economic growth to financial development is found to validate the demand-side hypothesis. We recommend that policy makers in South Africa explore several unrestricted energy sources which will enable them to maintain their leading role as Africa’s largest economy, while other rising continents in Africa should note that sustainable energy Granger cause economic growth and thus the secret behind South Africa’s leading economic growth prospects.
A Call Center Model with Upgrades

In this paper we introduce a new method of mitigating the problem of long wait times for low priority customers in a two-class call center. To this end, we allow class 1 customers to be “upgraded” to class 2 after they have been in queue for some time. We assume there are ci servers at station i, i = 1, 2. The servers at station 1 are flexible in the sense that they can work at either station while the servers at station 2 are dedicated. Holding costs at rate hi are accrued per customer per unit time at station i, i = 1, 2. This study yields several surprising results. First, we show that stability analysis requires a condition on the order of the service rates. This is unexpected since no such condition is required when the system does not have upgrades. This condition continues to play a role when control is considered. We provide structural results which include a c − μ rule when an inequality holds and a threshold policy when the inequality is reversed. Again, however, this result does not necessarily hold without the ordering of the service rates that is not required when there are no upgrades. In the single server case, a numerical study verifies that the optimal control policy significantly reduces holding costs over the policy that assigns the flexible server to station 1. At the same time, in most cases the optimal control policy reduces waiting times of both customer classes.
Occupational exposure to welding gases during three welding processes and risk assessment by SQRCA method

Received: August 2017, Accepted: September 2017 Background: Hazardous chemical agents in the welding operation are a mixture of metal fumes and toxic gases, the inhalation of which causes adverse health effects among welders. The emission of gases in the workplace is a logical cause for concern regarding the potential development of respiratory disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration values of gases discharged during arc welding and perform risk assessment through semi-quantitative chemical risk assessment ‎(SQCRA) method. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in an Iranian steel mill on the 3 processes of plasma arc welding (PAW), submerged arc welding (SAW), and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Direct reading instruments were used for sampling of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3). SQCRA method was used for risk assessment of gases. Results: The concentrations of O3 (0.356 ppm), CO (41.642 ppm), NO (6.357 ppm), and NO2 (4.871 ppm) were found to exceed their threshold limit values (TLVs), while the concentrations of CO2 (3879.285 ppm) were below its TLV. The maximum exposure concentration of all gases, except CO2, was observed in SAW. SQCRA method showed that among the gases, the highest and least risk rating was related to ozone and nitrogen monoxide, respectively. The risk rating for CO2, CO, and NO2 was low, high, and very high, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, exposure values were higher than the threshold limit values-time weighted average (TLV-TWA) and the results of risk assessment showed that control engineering should be applied and the use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) should be made mandatory for welders especially in SAW, PAW, and GTAW processes.
The Analysis of High Dimensional Contingency Table with Interactions

This paper is focused on the analysis of categorical data in a 2 × c × K contingency table. The theoretical frame work of a 2 × c design is extended to 2 × c × K with provision for testing interactions among subsets of either lower or upper columns of the designated table. The developed chi square tests for the total interactions as well as for the partitions are shown to be significant and the degrees of freedom additive.
DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION METHODS FOR BIOMEDICAL DATA

The aim of this paper is to present basic principles of common multivariate statistical approaches to dimensionality reduction and to discuss three particular approaches, namely feature extraction, (prior) variable selection, and sparse variable selection. Their important examples are also presented in the paper, which includes the principal component analysis, minimum redundancy maximum relevance variable selection, and nearest shrunken centroid classifier with an intrinsic variable selection. Each of the three methods is illustrated on a real dataset with a biomedical motivation, including a biometric identification based on keystroke dynamics or a study of metabolomic profiles. Advantages and benefits of performing dimensionality reduction of multivariate data are discussed.
THE USE OF GENERALISED AUDIT SOFTWARE BY INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTIONS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: THE PURPOSE OF THE USE OF GENERALISED AUDIT SOFTWARE AS A DATA ANALYTICS TOOL

How to cite this paper: van der Nest, D.P., Smidt, L. , & Lubbe, D. (2017). The use of generalised audit software by internal audit functions in a developing country: The purpose of the use of generalised audit software as a data analytics tool. Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions,
LEADING IN GLOBALISED MARKETS: THE EMERGING ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP

This paper presents a literature review of leadership over the years and the emerging role of transformational leadership. We also argue that this form of leadership is appropriate in the context of globalised markets, where there is increasing diffusion of goods, services, values and technologies globally, which results in the convergence of societies toward a uniform pattern of economic, political and cultural organisation. Transformational leadership, comprising characteristics of idealised influence, individualised consideration, intellectual stimulation, and inspirational motivation has implications for higher leadership effectiveness in new market environments and production locations. We provide suggestions and scope for empirical investigation into Australian organisations to evaluate the extent of transformational leadership apparent and how effective they can be in globalised markets. The findings from empirical studies could provide managerial and research implications on Australia‘s competitiveness in today‘s dynamic and globalised environments.
Bayesian game model to analyze electric vehicles and smart grid interaction

In this paper, a novel Bayesian game model is developed to estimate the behavior of the Electric Vehicles (EVs) and smart grid. The proposed model focus on EVs as consumers and how to combine them efficiently into the smart grid. We first briefly introduce the smart grid and its structure. Then, the proposed model is presented and the effect of different variables such as load demand, energy price, and battery charge are investigated. Finally, the simulation is carried out on a test case and the obtained results demonstrate that our models help to efficiently combine the EVs into the smart grid.
RISP: An RPKI-Based Inter-AS Source Protection Mechanism

IP source address spoofing is regarded as one of the most prevalent components when launching an anonymous invasion, especially a Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack. Although Source Address Validations (SAVs) at the access network level are standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), SAV at the inter-Autonomous System (AS) level still remains an important issue. To prevent routing hijacking, the IETF is constructing a Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) as a united trust anchor to secure interdomain routing. In this study, we creatively use the RPKI to support inter-AS SAV and propose an RPKI-based Inter-AS Source Protection (RISP) mechanism. According to the trust basis provided by the RPKI, RISP offers ASes a more credible source-oriented protection for the IP addresses they own and remains independent of the RPKI. Based on the experiments with real Internet topology, RISP not only provides better incentives, but also improves efficacy and economizes bandwidth with a modest resource consumption.