Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applicability of approximations used in calculations of the spectrum of dark matter particles produced in particle decays

For the warm dark matter (WDM) candidates the momentum distribution of particles becomes important, since it can be probed with observations of Lyman-α forest structures and confronted with coarse grained phase space density in galaxy clusters. We recall the calculation of the spectrum in the case of dark matter nonthermal production in decays of heavy particles emphasizing the inherent applicability conditions, which are rather restrictive and sometimes ignored in literature. Finally, the cold part of the spectrum requires special care when WDM is considered.
Finite deformations and incremental axisymmetric motions of a magnetoelastic tube

A thick-walled circular cylindrical tube made of an incompressible magnetoelastic material is subjected to a finite static deformation in the presence of an internal pressure, an axial stretch and an azimuthal or an axial magnetic field. The dependence of the static magnetoelastic deformation on the intensity of the applied magnetic field is analysed for two different magnetoelastic energy density functions. Then, superimposed on this static configuration, incremental axisymmetric motions of the tube and their dependence on the applied magnetic field and deformation parameters are studied. In particular, we show that magnetoelastic coupled waves exist only for particle motions in the azimuthal direction. For particle motion in radial and axial directions, only purely mechanical waves are able to propagate when a magnetic field is absent. The wave speeds as well as the stability of the tube can be controlled by changing the internal pressure, axial stretch and applied magnetic field that demonstrates the applicability of magneto-elastomers as wave guides and vibration absorbers.
Koch Are the Distribution of Einstein Crossing Times of Galactic Microlensing Events Bimodal ?

The observed distribution of a blending-corrected sample of Einstein ring crossing times, tE, for microlensing events toward the galactic bulge/bar are analyzed. An inspection of the distribution of crossing times suggests that it may be bimodal, indicating that two populations of lenses could be responsible for observed microlensing events. Given the possibility that microlensing in this direction can be due to the two most common classes of stars, main-sequence and white dwarf, we analyze and show via Monte Carlo simulations that the observed bimodality of tE can be derived from their accepted mass functions, and the density distributions of both stellar populations in the galactic disk and bulge/bar, with a transverse velocity distribution that is consistent with the density distribution. Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) one sample tests shows that a white dwarf population of about 25% of all stars in the galaxy agrees well with the observed bimodality with a KS significance level greater than 97%. This is an expanded and updated version of a previous investigation (Wickramasinghe, Neusima, & Struble, in Mao 2008). A powerpoint version of the talk, with introductory figures, is found at: https://sites.google. com/site/rhkochconference/agenda-1/ program.
A single foot-mounted pedestrian navigation algorithm based on the maximum gait displacement constraint in three-dimensional space

Inertial navigation technology composed of inertial sensors is widely used in foot-mounted pedestrian positioning. However, inertial sensors are susceptible to noise, which affects the performance of the system. Zero-velocity update (ZUPT) is a traditional method utilized to suppress the cumulative error. Unfortunately, the walking distance calculated by a Kalman filter still has positional error. To improve the positional accuracy, in this work we propose a nonlinear Kalman filter with a spatial distance inequality constraint for a single foot. Since the stride distance between adjacent stance phases has an upper bound in plane and height, an inertial navigation system established by one inertial measurement unit is adopted to constrain the stride process. Eventually, the performance of the proposed method is verified by experiments. Compared with the single foot-mounted ZUPT method, the proposed method suppresses the plane error and the height error by 46.04% and 65.48%, respectively. For the dual-foot constraint method, the proposed constraint method can reduce the number of sensors while ensuring positioning accuracy. Moreover, the height error is reduced by 59.98% on average by optimizing the constraint algorithm. The experimental results show that the trajectory estimated by the proposed method is closer to the actual path.
Understanding and Mitigating Worker Biases in the Crowdsourced Collection of Subjective Judgments

Crowdsourced data acquired from tasks that comprise a subjective component (e.g. opinion detection, sentiment analysis) is potentially affected by the inherent bias of crowd workers who contribute to the tasks. This can lead to biased and noisy ground-truth data, propagating the undesirable bias and noise when used in turn to train machine learning models or evaluate systems. In this work, we aim to understand the influence of workers' own opinions on their performance in the subjective task of bias detection. We analyze the influence of workers' opinions on their annotations corresponding to different topics. Our findings reveal that workers with strong opinions tend to produce biased annotations. We show that such bias can be mitigated to improve the overall quality of the data collected. Experienced crowd workers also fail to distance themselves from their own opinions to provide unbiased annotations.
A low-power CMOS operational amplifier IC for a heterogeneous paper-based potentiostat

Electrochemical biosensing is used to detect specific analytes in fluids, such as bacterial and chemical contaminants. A common implementation of an electrochemical readout is a potentiostat, which usually includes potentiometric, amperometric, and impedimetric detection. Recently several researchers have developed small, low-cost, single-chip silicon-based potentiostats. With the advances in heterogeneous integration technology, low-power potentiostats can be implemented on paper and similar low cost substrates. This paper deals with the design of a low-power paper-based amperometric front-end for a low-cost and rapid detection environment. In amperometric detection a voltage signal is provided to a sensor system, while a small current value generated by an electrochemical redox reaction in the system is measured. In order to measure low current values, the noise of the circuit must be minimized, which is accomplished with a pre-amplification front-end stage, typically designed around an operational amplifier core. An appropriate circuit design for a low-power and low-cost amperometric front-end is identified, taking the heterogeneous integration of various components into account. The operational amplifier core is on a bare custom CMOS chip, which will be integrated onto the paper substrate alongside commercial off-the-shelf electronic components. A general-purpose low-power two-stage CMOS amplifier circuit is designed and simulated for the ams 350 nm 5 V process. After the layout design and verification, the IC was submitted for a multi-project wafer manufacturing run. The simulated results are a bandwidth of 2.4 MHz, a common-mode rejection ratio of 70.04 dB, and power dissipation of 0.154 mW, which are comparable with the analytical values.
Hydrometeorology of Anthropogenic Erosion in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo

Erosive processes play an important role in environmental degradation. Rain is the main erosive agent in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo. This study characterized the erosion events caused by precipitation leveraging the accumulated daily precipitation estimate generated by the Climate Prediction Center Morphing Method (CMORPH) and integrating the surface telemetric network using the Statistical Objective Analysis method (SOAS). From the Civil Defense database, 400 events were identified in the Metropolitan region of Sao Paulo (MRSP) area between 2000 and 2013 and, of these, 3 were cho-sen to carry out meteorological and climatological analyses. In an initial ob-servation, 58% of them were found to occur in summer. Two regions with the highest number of erosion events were observed, in the Serra do Mar and Serra da Cantareira. In the Serra do Mar core, the municipality of São Bernardo do Campo was the one with the greatest amount of erosion. Precipitation volumes were estimated for accumulations of 30 minutes, 1 day, 1 month, and 1 year. The results, from the 3 events, indicate accumulated precipitation in 30 minutes from 10 mm to 19.8 mm, daily from 30.8 mm to 69.5 mm, and 1 month from 369.7 mm to 742.5 mm, and 1 year (2010) from 1712.9 mm to 1961.8 mm. In these events, it was noted that there were heavy rains in December 2009 and January 2010. It was also noted that the CMORPH and SOAS identify the rain events found by the São Paulo meteorological radar. The meteorological analyzes of the events based on images from the São Paulo meteorological radar and the Meteosat-9 satellite indicate that the active precipitation systems are associated with cold fronts, instability lines, and isolated convection.
The role of 3D digital applications in Manual Therapy Education – A scoping review

Background: Currently, teaching methods for developing complex physical assessment and palpation skills in manual therapy is challenging for both learners and educators. 3D digital technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality may facilitate and/or address these challenges. However, their current usage and/or role in improving learning outcomes in manual therapy education is still largely unknown. Methods: The following electronic databases were searched from Jan 2005 to April 2021: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Science Direct and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers reviewed the articles retrieved from the databases to assess for eligibility. Studies of any methodology (quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods) that investigated the use or application of the 3D digital applications were included in the review. Primary outcomes included any outcome related to learning based on the updated Blooms taxonomy. Narrative synthesis was used to synthesise data from the included studies.Results: A total of 4 articles were included in the final review. The main findings were classified into the following key concepts: (1) perception of tissue stiffness, (2) improved student self-efficacy in performing MT techniques, and (3) barriers and facilitators for utilizing 3D technologies. All included outcomes met understanding, applying, analysing and evaluating levels of Blooms taxonomy; however, no outcomes met the ‘creating’ level of Bloom’s taxonomy.Discussion: Our review found that there are no AR, VR or mixed applications that specifically serve the needs of MT education in relation to joint motion assessment, but applications are available that can be readily used or potentially adapted to train skills of tissue palpation. Therefore, future studies are required to investigate the sophisticated requirements to teach/learn complex manual techniques for which palpation skills may be mandatory.
Risk of infections of biological and targeted drugs in patients with spondyloarthritis: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Abstract Background: Concerns exist regarding the risk of infections in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) treated with biologics. We assessed the risk of infections of biological and targeted drugs in patients with SpA by performing a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and China Biology Medicine Disc for RCTs evaluating the risk of infections of biological therapy in patients with SpA from inception through August 9, 2021. We calculated a pooled Peto odds ratio (OR) for infections in biologics-treated patients vs. placebo patients. The risk of bias on the included RCTs was assessed by using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Results: In total, 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the risk of infection (Peto OR: 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.26, P < 0.001), serious infection (Peto OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.26–2.17, P < 0.001), upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) (Peto OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.04–1.32, P = 0.008), nasopharyngitis (Peto OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10–1.42, P < 0.001), and Candida infection (Peto OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.48–4.71, P = 0.001) were increased in SpA patients treated with biologics compared with placebo. Sensitivity analysis based on biologics classes was conducted, and results demonstrated that compared with placebo, there was a higher risk of infection for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a inhibitors (Peto OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.13–1.68, P = 0.001) and interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors (Peto OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.08–2.22, P = 0.018) in axial SpA, and for Janus kinase inhibitors in peripheral SpA (Peto OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.14–1.69, P = 0.001); higher risk of serious infection for IL-17 inhibitors in peripheral SpA (Peto OR: 3.46, 95% CI: 1.26–9.55, P = 0.016) and axial SpA (Peto OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.38–2.91, P < 0.001); higher risk of URTI for TNF-a inhibitors in axial SpA (Peto OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.05–1.78, P = 0.019), and for apremilast in peripheral SpA (Peto OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.08–2.36, P = 0.018); higher risk of nasopharyngitis for TNF-a inhibitors in axial SpA (Peto OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05–1.90, P = 0.022) and peripheral SpA (Peto OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09–2.05, P = 0.013), and for IL-17 inhibitors in axial SpA (Peto OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.01–1.82, P = 0.044); higher risk of herpes zoster for Janus kinase inhibitors in peripheral SpA (Peto OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.03–4.62, P = 0.043); higher risk of Candida infection for IL-17 inhibitors in peripheral SpA (Peto OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.31–4.84, P = 0.006). Conclusions: This meta-analysis shows that biological therapy in patients with SpA may increase the risk of infections, including serious infections, URTI, nasopharyngitis, and Candida infection, which should be paid attention to in our clinical practice.
HiPerWA: High Performance Wireless Analytics. A survey into the challenges of constructing, managing, debugging and optimizing an in-production large-scale enterprise network

Enterprise wireless networks are becoming larger and larger, with more and more users and devices connecting to the networks. This requires the infrastructure to be closely monitored and adjusted to ensure an optimum experience for users and their devices. Existing proprietary solutions exist, but are either costly, resource demanding, rigid or may not be able to deliver the functionality that is required to operate a modern wireless infrastructure efficiently. In this project, a closer look has been taken at some of the key metrics from a wireless infrastructure, and what they can tell about the health and state of the infrastructure. These metrics has been collected by a modular, customizable implementation designed to be extensible and capable of delivering customized metrics and analytics that helps in the day to day operation of the infrastructure. As an example, information collected has been used to show how interference in high-density deployments of 2.4GHz 802.11 radios can be reduced by deactivating some of the radios to ensure a better 2.4GHz environment, and better client experience.
Estimation of the Antarctic surface mass balance using the regional climate model MAR (1979–2015) and identification of dominant processes

Abstract. The Antarctic ice sheet mass balance is a major component of the sea level budget and results from the difference of two fluxes of a similar magnitude: ice flow discharging in the ocean and net snow accumulation on the ice sheet surface, i.e. the surface mass balance (SMB). Separately modelling ice dynamics and SMB is the only way to project future trends. In addition, mass balance studies frequently use regional climate models (RCMs) outputs as an alternative to observed fields because SMB observations are particularly scarce on the ice sheet. Here we evaluate new simulations of the polar RCM MAR forced by three reanalyses, ERA-Interim, JRA-55, and MERRA-2, for the period 1979–2015, and we compare MAR results to the last outputs of the RCM RACMO2 forced by ERA-Interim. We show that MAR and RACMO2 perform similarly well in simulating coast-to-plateau SMB gradients, and we find no significant differences in their simulated SMB when integrated over the ice sheet or its major basins. More importantly, we outline and quantify missing or underestimated processes in both RCMs. Along stake transects, we show that both models accumulate too much snow on crests, and not enough snow in valleys, as a result of drifting snow transport fluxes not included in MAR and probably underestimated in RACMO2 by a factor of 3. Our results tend to confirm that drifting snow transport and sublimation fluxes are much larger than previous model-based estimates and need to be better resolved and constrained in climate models. Sublimation of precipitating particles in low-level atmospheric layers is responsible for the significantly lower snowfall rates in MAR than in RACMO2 in katabatic channels at the ice sheet margins. Atmospheric sublimation in MAR represents 363 Gt yr−1 over the grounded ice sheet for the year 2015, which is 16 % of the simulated snowfall loaded at the ground. This estimate is consistent with a recent study based on precipitation radar observations and is more than twice as much as simulated in RACMO2 because of different time residence of precipitating particles in the atmosphere. The remaining spatial differences in snowfall between MAR and RACMO2 are attributed to differences in advection of precipitation with snowfall particles being likely advected too far inland in MAR.
Professional Realities of the Subtitling Industry : The Subtitlers ’ Perspective

The aim of this study is to present the findings of a survey on the working conditions of subtitlers in an attempt to shed light on the professional environment in different countries. The discussion will focus on key aspects such as subtitling rates, negotiation power, royalties, acknowledgement credits, deadlines, contracts and materialisation of jobs, use of software, and the provision and quality of supporting material. In addition, attention will be paid to the changes experienced as regards these aspects since the economic downturn. It is hoped that this paper will not only offer an overview of the subtitling industry but it will also help draw attention to the need to ensure decent working conditions. In addition, findings may serve as a viable starting point for further research on the profession and education of subtitlers as well as contribute to the understanding of the potential factors influencing subtitling quality in a professional environment.
Signals of the cosmological reionization in the radio sky through C and O fine structure lines

We study the excitation of the fine structure levels of C i, C ii and O i by ultraviolet (UV) photons around strong UV sources which are also ionizing sources of the cosmological reionization at a redshift of ∼10. The evolutions of ionized regions around a point source are calculated by solving rate equations for non-equilibrium chemistry. Signals of UV photons through the fine structure lines are considered to be stronger at locations of more abundant chemical species of C i, C ii and O i. Such environments would be realized at locations where strong fluxes of non-ionizing UV line photons available for the pumping up of fine structure levels exist, and simultaneously ionizing UV photons are effectively shielded by dense H i regions. Signals from H i regions of moderately large densities induced by redshifted UV photons emitted at the point sources are found to be dominantly large over those of others. We discuss the detectability of the signals, and show that signals from idealized environments will be possibly detected by radio observations with next-generation arrays to come after the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA).
Investigation on effect of 20% shrinkage and 20% shrinkage-offset canard configurations on aerodynamic characteristics of Onera M6 wing using computational fluid dynamics

The main objective of the analysis is to study the detailed aerodynamics & the characteristics of the lift & drag of the aircraft with the canard wing & the co-efficient of pressure & flow separation patterns over the wings at different spans and angles of attacks. Here the Onera-M6 wing is modelled for the transonic flow conditions in 3D with the adiabatic flow conditions. In the first case only the Onera-M6 wing is analyzed to know the performance. In the second case the canard is considered along with the Onera-M6 main wing and the modelling is done with the same set of conditions as 3D- transonic flows. In the present study two canard positions are considered, one under the same axis of the main wing (20% shrinkage), and another above the axis line of the main wing (20% shrinkage-offset). In the first design i.e., canard of 20% shrinkage with same axis, the design is performing well than clean wing & 20% shrinkage-offset canard at the lower angle of attacks. In the second design i.e., canard with 20% shrinkage-offset with the axis of the main wing is analyzed at different angles of attacks, the design is performing better than clean wing & 20% shrinkage with the same axis at higher angles of attacks.
Facing pandemic challenges: Helping health care professionals cope.

Health care professionals experience stress and burnout at elevated rates. Pandemics, such as the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), bring additional concerns, including fears of infection, increased workplace demands, and uncertainty due to limited information. The manner in which health care workers respond to the unpleasant thoughts and feelings that arise in this context may be important to their ability to cope with stressors. Acceptance and commitment therapy/training (ACT) offers a promising approach for supporting health care professionals. ACT has been used to address a number of behavioral concerns, including promoting better workplace function, reducing stress, and targeting difficulties termed psychopathology, and has received support within health care populations. Behavioral providers can help health care employees choose to engage in behavior that is consistent with their values and avoid unhelpful responses to private events. Concerns relevant to this population and adaptations of ACT exercises are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Regional inflation and monetary policy in China

This paper empirically examines developments in price and inflation in China. Unlike most previous studies, their determinants were investigated in the panel data context, and the author’s findings are as follows. First, using the panel cointegration method, the study confirms a long-run relationship between price, money and output. Secondly, the author provides evidence that inflation can be explained by economic fundamentals such as money, credits, productivity, and exchange rate growth. While an increased concern about regional discrepancies in recent years, this relationship is more sensitive to the sample period than to the region type. Notably money does not seem to be closely associated with inflation over recent years.