Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Blueprint for Teacher Design Teams to Create Professional Development Interventions

An effective way to stimulate teachers’ engagement and involvement in educational innovations is by employing teacher design teams (TDTs, Vangrieken et al, 2013). The design activities that TDTs engage in should be chosen carefully, and a facilitator should be available to support the TDTs (Becuwe et al, 2016). So far, little attention has been paid in the literature to the nature and role of such design activities (Vangrieken et al, 2013; Brouwer et al, 2012). Therefore, the goal of this paper is to provide guidelines for the design activities of TDTs aimed at teachers’ professional development. A series of design activities to support TDTs in five secondary schools in the Netherlands was constructed and evaluated through audio recordings of each session, logbooks, and interviews about teachers' perceptions of the design process and activities. In this article, we present and discuss the resulting blueprint for TDT activities aimed at teachers’ professional development.
The complete chloroplast genome of Solanum sisymbriifolium (Solanaceae), the wild eggplant

Abstract Solanum sisymbriifolium is a critical wild eggplant resource with resistance to many serious diseases that affect eggplant production. In this study, the chloroplast genome of S. sisymbriifolium was successfully sequenced using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. The length of the complete chloroplast genome is 155,771 bp, and its GC content is 37.76%. There is a large single-copy region (86,404 bp), a small single-copy region (18,525 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (25,421 bp) in the chloroplast genome. A total of 128 coding genes were annotated in the entire chloroplast genome, including 83 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes and eight ribosomal RNA genes. The phylogenetic tree of 17 complete chloroplast genomes shows that S. sisymbriifolium is closely related to Solanum wrightii.
Genus Gymnopilus (Agaricales: Strophariaceae): addditions to the agarics of India

The present study deals with the diversity of the genus Gymnopilus collected from Kashmir Himalaya. Frequent fungal forage were undertaken during spring, summer, and autumn seasons as a result of which a systematic account of various taxa of the genus Gymnopilus was compiled. In the present paper six species of the genus are taxonomically described and identified as G. decipiens, G. aeruginosus, G. fuscosquamulosus, G. crocias, G. junonius, and G. liquiritiae. Out of all described species G. decipiens is reported for the first time from India while the other four are reported for the first time from northern India. In addition, only G. aeruginosus is reported for the first time from Bangiward, southern Kashmir. Detailed morpho-anatomical characters of these species with habitat photographs, line drawings of macro and microscopic features are given. An identification key to the described species are also given.
Analysis of Opportunistic Relaying and Load Balancing Gains through V2V Clustering

Recent advances in digitization, artificial intelligence, and wireless networking are revolutionizing the traditional transportation networks and the automotive industry, leading for instance to the widespread adoption of ride-sharing services and the emergence of self-driving vehicles. As a result, a considerable rise in the volume of infotainment data consumed by the vehicles' passengers is expected. To support such traffic loads, we explore leveraging vehicles as part of the cellular infrastructure. This paper investigates and quantifies the performance gains that using Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication to form relay clusters would enable, including (1) improving opportunistic channel access to the cellular infrastructure by relaying the cluster's traffic through the vehicle seeing the best channel quality; and (2) balancing traffic loads across cells through cluster multihoming. We introduce a stochastic geometric model allowing us to provide a deeper understanding of the possible gains associated with cluster-based opportunistic relaying and its sensitivity to the system parameters, e.g., base station density, vehicle density on the roads, etc. We develop a natural network utility maximization problem to serve as a baseline to evaluate the performance of a simpler distributed cluster management algorithm which we show to be near-optimal. Overall the results suggest that 10-20× gains in the vehicles' shared rate can be achieved along with significant fairness improvements, while other mobile devices also benefit from the proposed network architecture.
Antiproliferative Effects of the Aptamer d(GGGT)4 and Its Analogues with an Abasic-Site Mimic Loop on Different Cancer Cells

In this paper, we study the T30923 antiproliferative potential and the contribution of its loop residues in six different human cancer cell lines by preparing five T30923 variants using the single residue replacement approach of loop thymidine with an abasic site mimic (S). G-rich oligonucleotides (GRO) show interesting anticancer properties because of their capability to adopt G-quadruplex structures (G4s), such as the G4 HIV-1 integrase inhibitor T30923. Considering the multi-targeted effects of G4-aptamers and the limited number of cancer cell lines tested, particularly for T30923, it should be important to find a suitable tumor line, in addition to considering that the effects also strictly depend on G4s. CD, NMR and non-denaturating polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis data clearly show that all modified ODNs closely resemble the dimeric structure of parallel G4s’ parent aptamer, keeping the resistance in biological environments substantially unchanged, as shown by nuclease stability assay. The antiproliferative effects of T30923 and its variants are tried in vitro by MTT assays, showing interesting cytotoxic activity, depending on time and dose, for all G4s, especially in MDA-MB-231 cells with a reduction in cell viability approximately up to 30%. Among all derivatives, QS12 results are the most promising, showing more pronounced cytotoxic effects both in MDA-MB-231 and Hela cells, with a decrease in cell viability from 70% to 60%. In summary, the single loop residue S substitution approach may be useful for designing antiproliferative G4s, considering that most of them, characterized by single residue loops, may be able to bind different targets in several cancer cell pathways. Generally, this approach could be of benefit by revealing some minimal functional structures, stimulating further studies aimed at the development of novel anticancer drugs.
Shear Wave Velocity Measurements in Tropical Peat Using In-house Device

Many people in the construction industry will agree that peat is a problematic material due to its compressibility behaviour. However, construction on these areas are inevitable because of the scarcity in space and suitable land for development. Hence, there is a need for proper in-situ testing on soil properties before any construction work can be carried out in peat. Shear wave (S-wave) velocity (Vs ) used to compute the small strain shear modulus, (Go ) which is an essential parameter to design structures in earthquake and vibration prone areas. The most versatile method to assess is by measuring shear wave propagation through soil samples using bender elements tests (BET). Currently, BET is limited to laboratory environments, which can be time consuming and expensive. Therefore, a portable device of BET for peat has been proposed in this research which is simple to use and economical. The proposed setup consists of an oscilloscope, digital multimeter, signal generator, signal amplifier, direct current generator and a pair of piezoelectric bender elements. Peak-to-peak method from time domain (TD) technique is implemented as the method to analyse shear waves. To validate the function of the proposed device, different types of soil samples including Ottawa sand, Kaolin S300, Silty loam, Hemic, and Fibric peat were prepared. The peat samples for this study were collected from Pekan and Maran districts in Pahang, Malaysia. With a suitable frequency input from the sine wave generated, the Vs determined from the device was used to compute Go. Results show there is only a less than 10% error in when it was compared with the typical values of tropical peat. The proposed device is also effective to differentiate the type of soil sample when tested. In summary, the proposed in-house device can be used as an indicator and to find out the initial value of Vs and Go in tropical peat soil.
A Latent Growth Analysis of Individual Factors Predicting Test Anxiety During the Transition From Elementary to Secondary School

This study aimed to examine the evolution of test anxiety during the transition to secondary school, a challenging period that includes a set of contextual factors that could potentially increase students’ test anxiety. In addition, to further understand the contribution of different individual factors that might increase the susceptibility to test anxiety during this transition, the study examined the role of motivation, achievement, internalizing behaviors and gender in the development of test anxiety. A total of 478 French-speaking students (231 boys, 247 girls) were followed during their transition to secondary school. Latent growth analysis revealed an overall stable trajectory of test anxiety during the transition to secondary school. However, internalizing behaviors and gender moderated the trajectory over time. Additionally, high initial levels of internalizing behaviors, as well as lower grades in mathematics, were associated with initial levels of test anxiety, as measured at the end of elementary school.
Antidandruff Activity of Polyherbal (Murraya koenigii, Moringa oleifera, and Psidium guajava) Extract against Malassezia Species: In Silico Studies

Dandruff is one of the leading causes of hair fall and is commonly caused by bacterial and fungal species especially the Malassezia species. The lipolytic enzymes of the Malassezia species play an important role in obtaining lipids from the environment, and they are necessary for the growth and pathogenicity of Malassezia. Therefore, the lipases of the three most commonly (Malassezia globosa, Malassezia furfur, and Malassezia restricta) affecting Malassezia species have been taken for the In-silico studies. The three-dimensional structure of the lipase of Malassezia globosa (PDB ID: 4ZRE) was retrieved from protein data bank, and the other two proteins of the two species (Malassezia furfur and Malassezia restricta) were built using homology modelling by Swiss modeler. The lipases of the Malassezia species along with the 16 bioactive compounds of the polyherbal (Murraya koenigii, Moringa oleifera, and Psidium guajava) ethanolic extract predicted by GC-MS analysis were taken for the molecular docking studies. The pharmacokinetic properties of the bioactive compounds were predicted. Thus, the molecular docking results revealed that the bioactive compound flavone with score of −7.160 Kcal/mol, isopropyl stearate with binding score of −10.107 Kcal/mol, and eugenol with a binding score of −8.296 Kcal/mol have shown good binding affinity against the lipase of Malassezia restricta, Malassezia globosa, and Malassezia furfur, respectively. Hence, these compounds can be further investigated by in-vitro and in-vivo studies to be used as potential drug candidates.
Biomechanical Risk Factors of Injury-Related Single-Leg Movements in Male Elite Youth Soccer Players

Altered movement patterns during single-leg movements in soccer increase the risk of lower-extremity non-contact injuries. The identification of biomechanical parameters associated with lower-extremity injuries can enrich knowledge of injury risks and facilitate injury prevention. Fifty-six elite youth soccer players performed a single-leg drop landing task and an unanticipated side-step cutting task. Three-dimensional ankle, knee and hip kinematic and kinetic data were obtained, and non-contact lower-extremity injuries were documented throughout the season. Risk profiling was assessed using a multivariate approach utilising a decision tree model (classification and regression tree method). The decision tree model indicated peak knee frontal plane angle, peak vertical ground reaction force, ankle frontal plane moment and knee transverse plane angle at initial contact (in this hierarchical order) for the single-leg landing task as important biomechanical parameters to discriminate between injured and non-injured players. Hip sagittal plane angle at initial contact, peak ankle transverse plane angle and hip sagittal plane moment (in this hierarchical order) were indicated as risk factors for the unanticipated cutting task. Ankle, knee and hip kinematics, as well as ankle and hip kinetics, during single-leg high-risk movements can provide a good indication of injury risk in elite youth soccer players.
Climate and society impacts in Scandinavia following the 536/540 CE volcanic double event

15 In the Northern Hemisphere, the mid-6th century was one of the coldest periods of the last 2000 years, as indicated by both proxy records and Earth System Model (ESM) simulations. This cold period was initiated by volcanic eruptions in 536 CE and 540 CE. Evidence from historical sources, archaeological findings and proxy records suggests that the extent and severity of this volcanic induced cooling was spatially heterogeneous, and that the effect on society resulted in adaptation and resilience at some locations, whereas social crisis has 20 been indicated at others. Here, we study the effect of the volcanic double event in 536 CE and 540 CE on the climate and society in Scandinavia with a special focus on Southern Norway. Using an ensemble of Max Planck Institute ESM transient simulations for 521-680 CE, the temperature, precipitation and atmospheric circulation patterns are studied. The simulated cooling magnitude is then used as input for the growing degree day (GDD) model set-up for Southern Norway. This GDD model indicates the possible effects on agriculture 25 for three different study areas in Southern Norway, representative of typical meteorological and landscape conditions. Pollen from bogs and archaeological records inside the study area are then analysed at high resolution (1-3 cm sample intervals) to give insights into the validity of the GDD model set-up with regard to the volcanic climate impact on the regional scale, and to link the different types of data sets. 30 After the 536/540 CE double event, a maximum surface air cooling of up to 3.5 °C during the mean growing season is simulated regionally in Southern Norway. With a worst-case scenario cooling of 3 °C, the GDD model indicates crop failures were likely in our northernmost and western study areas, while crops were more likely to mature in the southeastern study area. These results are in agreement with the pollen records from the respective areas. During the sixth century, excavations show an abandonment of farms, severe social 35 impact but also a continuation of occupation or a mix of those. In addition, archaeological findings from one of the excavation sites suggest wetter conditions for the mid sixth century in Scandinavia, as simulated by individual ensemble members. Finally, we discuss the likely climate and societal impacts of the 536/540 CE volcanic double event by synthesising the new and available data sets for the whole Scandinavia. 40 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2022-23 Preprint. Discussion started: 22 March 2022 c © Author(s) 2022. CC BY 4.0 License.
Potential of different compost types in enhancement of physiological, biochemical parameters and control of Meloidogyne javanica in tomato plants

Biological control of root-knot nematodes using organic amendments such as compost and Trichoderma has been recommended as an alternative effective strategy in disease management and stimulating the chemical and physiological aspects of tomato plants. In this experiment, four types of compost at three doses were evaluated for their efficacy in the the root-knot nematode ( Meloidogyne javanica ) control and physiological traits of tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. Results showed that amending the soil of the pot with the compost markedly reduced the root-knot nematode related parameters in tomato plants. The root galling, egg masses and females were decreased in the treated plants compared with infected non-treated control plants. Mixed type at 3% had a phytotoxicity effect in tomato plants. Supplemented the soils with the compost also inhibited the population of second-stage juveniles (J2s) in the soil. All compost type (Animal, plant, Trichoderma Biofortified, and mixed) increased significantly plant height, leaf area fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, total and soluble carbohydrates, proline and phenol concentrations as well as and water balance occurred in tissues of tomato plants. Meanwhile, the third level of all organic fertilizers caused a significant decrease in all growth characteristics of tomato plants. Thus, the current study results confirmed that compost could offer a satisfactory sustainable ecofriendly tactic for root-knot nematodes management and soil fertility improvement.
Characterizing Task Difﬁculty Using Spatial Entropy

Our study highlights the use of spatial entropy as a means to characterize the 1 difﬁculty of learning tasks. We show how the mutual information of class co-2 occurrences with regions in the feature space provides an informative curve proﬁle 3 to estimate the degree of difﬁculty in classiﬁcation tasks. Empirical results demon-4 strate the feasibility of employing spatial entropy to quantify the quality of new 5 representations in deep neural networks; results show how spatial entropy can act 6 as a powerful meta-feature to enrich the current family of dataset characterizations. 7
E MERGENT COMMUNICATION IN HUMAN - MACHINE GAMES

In this paper, we present how Emergent Communication (EmeCom) literature can be used to characterize a subset of human communication ability using recurrent features. EmeCom does not directly require human involvement; however, we advocate that the entire field spawned from a desire to achieve human-machine interaction and that explicitly considering human-AI interaction is an important research direction. Our goal is to bring emergent communication researchers together by demonstrating that different approaches can be regarded as subsets of the same problem. Also, we recognize the importance of incorporating other aspects of human interaction into this field.
Histomorphological Progression of Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model in Rat

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) commonly known as hepatoma is a frequently occurring liver cancer that occupies 75% of all types of liver cancers. It affects the hepatocellular cells which is the major cell of the liver. Some models can be developed for HCC in rats but it is time-consuming. Nitrosodiethylamine is a very popular carcinogenic drug, very useful to develop experimental animal models. The present study focuses on the establishment of an animal model through a simple approach of experimental protocol along with the duration of the experiment that leads to creating a scope for future studies associated with metastasis as well as anti-metastasis studies. For the present study 2 groups were formed where each group containing 16 rats. Phenobarbital was given for 7 days to each group after diluting with water at a concentration of 0.3g/L before administering the first DEN. The control group received the same number of vehicles for 8 weeks. 50mg/kg of DEN was received intraperitoneally by the animal of the 2nd group twice a week for eight weeks. Bodyweight, the weight of the liver, and all the blood parameters were analysed like alpha-fetoprotein, SGPT, SGOT, and ALP, and a comparison was made with the control group. After evaluating all biological and histological data it can be concluded that the outcome of the present study signifies a simple experimental protocol along with an appropriate experimental duration animal model which leads to help in the study of the mechanism of metastasis and anti-metastasis agent in near future. The current work also represents a straightforward experimental methodology that aids in the investigation of metastatic mechanisms and anti-metastasis agents, with phenobarbital serving as a good promoting agent.
Dispersal of bacteria and stimulation of permafrost decomposition by Collembola

Abstract. Contrary to most soils, permafrost soils have the atypical feature of being almost entirely deprived of soil fauna. Abiotic constraints on the fate of permafrost carbon after thawing are increasingly understood, but biotic constraints remain scarcely investigated. Incubation studies, essential to estimate effects of permafrost thaw on carbon cycling, typically measure the consequences of permafrost thaw in isolation from the topsoil and thus do not account for the effects of altered biotic interactions because of e.g. colonization by soil fauna. Microarthropods facilitate the dispersal of microorganisms in soil, both on their cuticle (ectozoochory) and through their digestive tract (endozoochory), which may be particularly important in permafrost soils, considering that microbial community composition can strongly constrain permafrost biogeochemical processes. Here we tested how a model species of microarthropod (the Collembola Folsomia candida) affected aerobic CO2 production of permafrost soil over a 25 d incubation. By using Collembola stock cultures grown on permafrost soil or on an arctic topsoil, we aimed to assess the potential for endo- and ectozoochory of soil bacteria, while cultures grown on gypsum and sprayed with soil suspensions would allow the observation of only ectozoochory. The presence of Collembola introduced bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) absent in the no-Collembola control, regardless of their microbiome manipulation, when considering presence–absence metrics (unweighted UniFrac metrics), which resulted in increased species richness. However, these introduced ASVs did not induce changes in bacterial community composition as a whole (accounting for relative abundances, weighted UniFrac), which might only become detectable in the longer term. CO2 production was increased by 25.85 % in the presence of Collembola, about half of which could be attributed to Collembola respiration based on respiration rates measured in the absence of soil. We argue that the rest of the CO2 being respired can be considered a priming effect of the presence of Collembola, i.e. a stimulation of permafrost CO2 production in the presence of active microarthropod decomposers. Overall, our findings underline the importance of biotic interactions in permafrost biogeochemical processes and the need to explore the additive or interactive effects of other soil food web groups of which permafrost soils are deprived.