Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Twenty Years Post‐genocide: The Creation of Mental Health Competence among Rwandan Survivors Through Community‐based Healing Workshops

Twenty years after the genocide, many Rwandans still suffer from the psychological wounds of the past. The country's mental health agenda is based on individualised and psychiatric approaches that help some but cannot be provided on a large scale. Further, many reconciliation initiatives have been based on public testimonies, which have been shown to be potentially re-traumatising, leading to calls for small-scale community-based approaches to healing, which constitute a middle way between individualised and public approaches. Drawing on the concept of ‘mental health competence’ (Campbell and Burgess, 2012), this study evaluates one such approach: the Life Wounds Healing workshops offered by the African Institute for Integral Psychology. Twenty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with former workshop participants, staff members and the institute's founder to investigate their views on how these workshops can help genocide survivors. The results suggest that the workshops succeed in creating mental health competence by establishing a safe social space for people to open up, increasing people's critical understandings of the processes of pain — and potential for healing — that informs behaviour change, generating bonding social capital and offering participants' income-generating possibilities. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
X-Efficiency of Innovation Processes: Evaluation Based on Data Envelopment Analysis

Innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is a source of regional development and enables enterprises to improve their competitiveness. However, the intensification of innovation effort depends upon a better understanding of the innovation process, in particular the assessment of its innovation capacity to process its resources and various activities in efficient manner into better results. This paper deals with innovation process modeling and innovation measurement, in order to provide answers to these recurrent questions of the entrepreneurs in these SMEs. Thus, first we propose a model of innovation process as a collective design process that involves the interplay of two categories of activities, such as exploratory activities and value oriented activities, centered on the entrepreneur. Then from this model, we evaluate: (a) the innovation capacity from the process activities and too the outputs of innovation process; (b) the X-(in)efficiency using multiobjective (MOLP) data envelopment analysis (DEA) model of innovation processes. Through MOLP-DEA method, we decompose the X-inefficiency in technical inefficiency and congestion to highlighting the miss-use or the under-utilization of innovation capacity, as resources of process. Finally we measure X-inefficiency by an overall index taking into account of all aspects of inefficiency as the enhanced DEA Russell graph efficiency measure. For the empirical analysis, we use the data from a representative random sample formed by 80 innovative enterprises of regional SMEs of Normandy in France. The results show that most of innovation processes are X-inefficient in SMEs of Normandy. This X-inefficiency is more characterized by the congestion problem than the technical inefficiency. That shows the difficulties of some entrepreneurs to implement the rules and standards of interplay between some activities.
Delineating the scope of urban agglomerations based upon the Pole-Axis theory

Delineating the scope of urban agglomerations is a basic condition for understanding the evolution of cities and regions and for developing strategies and planning of urban agglomerations. At present, the scope of urban agglomerations in China are mainly decided based upon analyses of center cities and their connections with other cities by viewing them as separate points, but there is few consensus on how to define the spatial boundary of urban agglomerations other than using the jurisdiction border of the cities. In practice, there is a tendency to take urban agglomeration as a policy tool for raising the importance of certain areas and promoting regional development. As a result, the number and scope of urban agglomerations have been exaggerated. In order to solve these problems, in this article a methodology for delineating the scope of urban agglomerations is discussed from an economic geographic perspective based on the 'Pole- Axis Theory'. A four- step process was proposed:(1) to make judgment of the existence of central cities;(2) to examine the cities' rank system and the resources and environment base of the region to see if an urban agglomeration can be sustained;(3) to analyze the social and economic connections between central cities and other cities in the region;(4) to evaluate the development level of urban agglomerations with the scale of 'Pole-Axis Theory'. A case study is conducted in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, and a comparison is made about the formation and development of the five main urban agglomerations in the Beijing- Tianjin- Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Perl River Delta, Middle Yangtze River, and Chengdu-Chongqing regions.
2 Profile and Tweeting Behavior Specific Information

People use microblogging platforms like Twitter to involve with other users for a wide range of interests and practices. Twitter profiles run by different types of users such as humans, bots, spammers, businesses, professionals. This research work identifies six broad classes of Twitter users, and employs a supervised machine learning approach which uses a comprehensive set of features to classify users into the identified classes. For this purpose, we exploit users’ profile and tweeting behavior information. We evaluate our approach by performing 10-fold cross validation using manually annotated 716 different Twitter profiles. High classification accuracy (measured using AUC, and precision, recall) reveals the significance of the proposed approach.
On the Cosmological Frame Problem

We introduce a fully-frame covariant formalism for inflation by taking into account conformal transformations in addition to field reparametrizations. We begin by providing a brief overview of frame problems in the history of science before outlining the crux of the frame problem in inflationary cosmology. After introducing the concept of frame tensors in curved field space, we demonstrate how the quantum perturbations and the observables sourced by them can be made frame covariant. We then specialize to two-field models, examining the impact of isocurvature effects on the inflationary observables in a frame-covariant manner. We study the phenomenology of two particular models, a minimal polynomial model and a nonminimal model inspired by Higgs inflation. We observe that in the latter scenario, isocurvature effects are greatly enhanced. Moving beyond the tree-level approximation, we outline how our approach may be extended at the quantum level through the Vilkovisky--De Witt formalism and the generalization of frame tensors to configuration space, leading to a fully frame-invariant effective action. Finally, we summarize our findings and present possible future directions of research on the topic of frame covariance.
Prediction of Electric Vehicle Range: A Comprehensive Review of Current Issues and Challenges

Electric vehicles (EV) are the immediate solution to drastically reducing pollutant emissions from the transport sector. There is a continuing increase in the number of EVs in use, but their widespread and massive acceptance by automotive consumers is related to the performance they can deliver. The most important feature here (a hot topic at present in EV research) is related to the possibility of providing a more accurate prediction of range. Range prediction is a complex problem because it depends on a lot of influence factors (internal, external, constant, variables) and the present paper aims to investigate the effect of these factors on the range of EVs. The results and aspects of current worldwide research on this theme are presented through the analysis of the main classes of influence factors: Vehicle design, the driver and the environment. Further, the weight and effect of each potential factor which influences EV range was analyzed by presenting current issues. An exhaustive and comprehensive analysis has made it possible to identify future research and development directions in the EV research field, resulting in massive future and immediate EV penetration in the automotive market.
Constrained RNA-RNA interaction prediction

Computational prediction of RNA-RNA interactions has become a fast growing topic over the last few years. Many different RNA-RNA interaction prediction tools have been developed, which all use vastly varying methods, ranging from alignment methods over minimum free energy methods to machine learning approaches. None of these tools seem to consider the steric 3D constraints of RNA molecules. These constraints could implicate that short intermolecular helices are more likely due to the restricted unpaired regions in stem loops. This thesis introduces constraints on the intermolecular helix lengths for the prediction tool IntaRNA to improve the overall prediction quality. To understand the composition of RNA structures, more than 3,000 known RNA secondary structures, of any type and organism, were analysed in this thesis. From this analysis, the distribution of helix lengths were learnt, in order to find good starting parameters for the helix length constraints. In order to evaluate the performance of the developed constraints, I created the IntaRNA benchmark, which is used to compare to the original IntaRNA predictors. The experiments showed that the new constraint helped to improve the prediction quality of IntaRNA, while reducing the runtime. Further, the results suggest that restricting helices too much has negative effects on the performance.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY (CHEMO SHOCK) OF N-1(SUBSTITUTED-N-4[(4-OXO-3-PHENYL-3, 4-DIHYDRO-QUINAZOLINE-2-YLMETHYL) SEMICARBAZONES

Objective: This work is designed at finding new structure leads with potential anticonvulsant activities of 4(3H)-quinazolinone pharmacophore scaffold. Methods: A new series of 4(3H)-quinazolinone pharmacophore was designed with substituted moieties possesses different electronic environment in the hope of developing potent and safe new effective compounds. In such fashion, in this paper, we report the synthesis and anticonvulsant activity (Chemo shock) of N-1(substituted-N-4[(4-oxo-3-phenyl-3, 4-dihydro-quinazoline-2-ylmethyl) semicarbazones 3A-d (1-7), 3B-d (1-7), 3C-d (1-7), their chemical structure were characterized using IR, H-H NMR, and elemental analysis techniques. Their anticonvulsant activity was evaluated using chemicals strychnine, thiosemicarbazide and 4-aminopyridine induced seizure models at a dose of 30, 100, 300 mg/kg unto 2 hrs tests in mice. The rotarod assay was performed in mice to evaluate the neurotoxicity of the compounds. 1 Results: Compounds 3C (d-4), 3B (d-4), and 3A (d-4) were observed to be most feasible to act against glutamate receptor for anticonvulsant activity. Conclusions: The results obtained revealed that numbers of novel quinazolinone semicarbazone derivatives are effective in chemical to induce (chemo shock) model and showing good anticonvulsant activity. Keywords: Quinazolinone, Semicarbazones, Strychnine, Thiosemicarbazide, 4-aminopyridine, Anticonvulsant activity, Chemo shock.
Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii

Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a significant bacterial pathogen pre-eminently associated with hospital-acquired infections. Strains of this species may currently exhibit resistance to nearly all or even all clinically relevant drugs. The vast majority of epidemic and multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains belong to a few globally spread lineages, in particular to the so-called European (EU) clones I, II, and III. Complex resistance patterns displayed by these strains result from their marked capacity to develop, acquire, and combine secondary resistance mechanisms against originally effective agents. The aim of this thesis was to broaden our knowledge on the genetic basis and epidemiology of multidrug resistance in A. baumannii. The obtained results have been published in the form of six studies which are part of this thesis. In the first study, we analysed the epidemiology of carbapenem resistance among hospital strains of Acinetobacter in the Czech Republic. We have shown that the emergence of this resistance was associated with the spread of A. baumannii strains of EU clone II and it was predominantly caused by the overexpression of the intrinsic blaOXA-51-like gene. Furthermore, the striking variation in the susceptibility to other clinically relevant drugs in these strains appeared to result from both the horizontal spread of resistance genes (e.g. aacC1, aphA6, or blaTEM-1) and differential expression of the AdeABC efflux pump. The second and third studies dealt with the genotypic characterization of a high-level carbapenem resistant strain of A. baumannii imported to the Czech Republic from Egypt in 2011. The strain coharboured genes encoding five -lactamases (NDM-1, OXA-23, OXA-51-like, TEM-1, and ADC) and at least five other resistance mechanisms, which made it resistant to all clinically relevant drugs except for colistin and tobramycin. In the fourth study, we have identified and described a clinically relevant mechanism of sulbactam resistance in A. baumannii based on the production of the TEM-1 -lactamase. Its role was supported especially by the correlation between the level of sulbactam resistance and the expression of the blaTEM-1 gene, by the transferability of sulbactam resistance via a blaTEM-1-carrying plasmid, and by the susceptibility of a clinical strain expressing TEM-19, a low activity variant of TEM-1. In the fifth and sixth studies, we investigated the structural diversity of AbaR genomic resistance islands in the population of A. baumannii EU clone I in order to find additional clues for a better understanding of the evolution of antibiotic resistance in this multidrug-resistant lineage. We have described nine novel AbaR islands which were truncated variants of AbaR3. These variants resulted either from IS26-mediated deletions or homologous recombination. We suggested that AbaR3 is the original form of AbaR in EU clone I, which may have provided strains of the lineage with a selective advantage facilitating their spread in European hospitals in the 1980s or before.
Regular Paper Simple Folding is Really Hard

Simple folding (folding along one line at a time) is a practical form of origami used in manufacturing such as sheet metal bending. We prove strong NP-completeness of deciding whether a crease pattern can be simply folded, both for orthogonal paper with assigned orthogonal creases and for square paper with assigned or unassigned creases at multiples of 45◦. These results settle a long standing open problem, where weak NP-hardness was established for a subset of the models considered here, leaving open the possibility of pseudopolynomial-time algorithms. We also formalize and generalize the previously proposed simple folding models, and introduce new infinite simple-fold models motivated by practical manufacturing. In the infinite models, we extend our strong NP-hardness results, as well as polynomial-time algorithms for rectangular paper with assigned or unassigned orthogonal creases (map folding). These results motivate why rectangular maps have orthogonal but not diagonal creases.
Using indirect ELISA and PCR for the diagnosis of equine herpes virus-1 (EHV-1) infection in Egypt

ARTICLE INFO The present study was carried out for studying the prevalence of equine herpes virus-1 infection among equines in different Governorates of Egypt. One hundred eighty two equines of different ages, sexes, localities and breeds showing signs of fever, respiratory manifestations, abortions, ataxia, dog sitting position, limb edema, foal depression and death were examined for the isolation of EHV-1 on both embryonated chicken eggs and baby hamster kidney (BHK) cell culture, the aborted fetuses were histologically examined for the detection of inclusion bodies. Serum samples were collected to detect immunoglobulin-G specific to EHV-1 by using ELISA. Nasopharyngeal swabs isolated virus and the aborted fetal tissues were tested by PCR using specific primers to prove the infection with EHV-1. The prevalence of EHV-1 infection in the examined animals was recorded as 4.94%. It was prevalent in Cairo, Giza, Kafr Elsheikh, Monofeia, El Sharkia Governorates. The EHV-1 was isolated on the embryo chicken eggs and the pock lesion was appeared on the chorio-allantoic membranes. The cytopathic effects were also observed in tissue cultures. The Liver of aborted fetuses showed necrosis of all hepatic tissue and activation of Kupffer cells with hemosiderin and the detection of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. Indirect ELISA could detect IgG in all infected equines (n=9) from which EHV-1 isolated. PCR proved the infection with EHV-1 in the aborted fetal (n=3) tissues and gave similar results by using the horses nasopharyngeal swabs isolated virus where 489 bp PCR products were detected in both. In conclusion, EHV-1 is prevalent in different Governorates in Egypt. EHV-1 infection could be diagnosed by intranuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies in the aborted fetal tissues. The indirect ELISA could diagnose EHV-1 infection in all ages and sexes groups. PCR applied on aborted fetal tissues is better for the diagnosis of EHV-1 infection than that based on the horse nasopharyngeal swabs isolated virus due to saving time and money. Article history:
A Hybrid Productive-Discriminative Based Hashing Technique

Hashing methods have proven to be useful for a variety of tasks and have attracted extensive attention in recent years. Various hashing approaches have been proposed to capture similarities between textual, visual, and crossmedia information. However, most of the existing works use a bag-of-words method to represent textual information. Since words with different forms may have similar meaning, semantic level text similarities cannot be well processed in these methods. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel method called semantic cross-media hashing (SCMH), which uses continuous word representations to capture the textual similarity at the semantic level and use a deep belief network (DBN) to construct the correlation between different modalities. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we evaluate the proposed method on three commonly used cross-media data sets are used in this work. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves significantly better performance than state-of-the-art approaches. Moreover, the efficiency of the proposed method is comparable to or better than that of some other hashing method.
Title Expression of Gap Junction Protein Connexin 36 in Multiple Subtypes of GABAergic Neurons in Adult Rat Somatosensory Cortex

To characterize Connexin36 (Cx36)-expressing neurons of the adult rat somatosensory cortex, we examined fluorescence signals for Cx36 mRNA in three non-overlapping subpopulations of GABAergic interneurons, which showed immunoreactivity for 1) parvalbumin (PV); 2) somatostatin (SOM); and 3) either calretinin (CR), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), cholecystokinin (CCK) or choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). About 80% of PV-, 52% of SOM-, 37% of CR/VIP/CCK/ChAT-immunoreactive cells displayed Cx36 signals across all cortical layers, and inversely 64%, 25% and 9% of Cx36-expressing neurons were positive for PV, SOM or CR/VIP/CCK/ChAT, respectively. Notably, although almost all Cx36-expressing neurons in layer (L) 4, L5 and L6 were positive for one of these markers, a substantial proportion of those in L1 (90%) and L2/3 (10%) were negative for the markers tested, suggesting that other types of neurons might express Cx36. We further investigated the colocalization of Cx36 mRNA and α-actinin2 immunoreactivity, as a marker for late-spiking GABAergic neurons, by using mirror-image sections. Surprisingly, more than 77% of α-actinin2-positive cells displayed Cx36 signals in L1–L3, and about 50% and 13% of Cx36-expressing neurons were positive for α-actinin2 in L1 and L2/3, respectively. These findings suggest that all the subtypes of GABAergic interneurons might form gap junctions in the neocortex.
Statistical Modeling of the Patches DC Component for Low-Frequency Noise Reduction

This work is devoted to patch-based image denoising. Assuming an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) on patches, we derive corresponding models on centered patches and on their DC components. Then we propose a strategy for improving a given path-based denoiser. Finally, we provide experiments with the recent denoising method HDMI that shows improvement of the denoising quality, particularly for residual low frequency noise.
Determination of selected phenolic acid and majoritarian avenanthramides in different varieties of naked oats (Avena sativa L.) grown in Slovakia

Abstract Oats are important cereals. Oats are a good source of protein and lipids, polyphenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids and avenanthramides. Avenanthramides is phenolic group, which is unique in oats and have antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and anti-proliferative effect. The aim of study is determination of the majoritarian avenanthramides (2c, 2p and 2f) and phenolic acids (p-coumaric and ferulic) in selected varieties of oat (Avena sativa L.) grown in two consecutive years using the HPLC method. The oats were exposed to ultrasound supported extraction (two 15 min cycles). The simultaneous separation was performed using C18 type of stationary phase. The method showed a good linearity in the concentration range 0.04 - 5.24 μg/mL for p-coumaric acid, 0.04 - 5.13 μg/mL for ferulic acid, 0.19 - 24.5 μg/mL for avenanthramide 2c, 0.53 - 17.1 μg/mL for avenanthramide 2p, 0.8 - 25.6 μg/mL for avenanthramide 2f. Correlation coefficients were higher than 0.9997. Detector operated at a wavelength 320 nm. The repeatability of the method was evaluated in three concentration levels with satisfactory results for each analyte. The content of both phenolic acids is significantly lower (50- - 100-times) compared to the total content of avenanthramides in both years’ harvests for all analyzed varieties. Content of total avenanthramides was the highest in varieties Racoon (723.28 mg/kg) followed by Oliver (578.59 mg/kg) and Kamil (384.17 mg/kg).
Fermion localization in higher curvature spacetime

Fermion localization in a braneworld model in presence of dilaton coupled higher curvature Gauss–Bonnet bulk gravity is discussed. It is shown that the lowest mode of left handed fermions can be naturally localized on the visible brane due to the dilaton coupled higher curvature term without the necessity of any external localizing bulk field.