Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The elevated blood CD74 mRNA associated with prognosis in septic shock patients

The hyperinflammation and immunosuppression were activated together in sepsis and septic shock patients by different inflammatory mediators or cytokines, such as CD74 and macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF), to kill bacteria and control infections in intensive care unit (ICU). In total, 88 cases (40 for sepsis and 28 for septic shock, 20 for healthy control) were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected at admission and Day 2, Day 4 after ICU admission. The level of serum CD74 was detected by ELISA kits. The blood CD74 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. We found that serum CD74 levels were increased on day 2 after admission, and decreased on day 4 after admission to ICU in sepsis and septic shock patients. And blood CD74 mRNA kept the trend consistently with serum CD74, increasing at admission and Day 2, and then decreasing on day 4. But the level of serum CD74 and CD74 mRNA expression in both patients was markedly higher compared to healthy control cases. Meanwhile, we found that the concentration of serum CD74 was positive correlated with CD74 gene expression levels, at admission or on day 2, day 4. In consequence, the level of CD74 was higher in sepsis patients than in septic shock patients during ICU admission days, both for serum CD74 and blood CD74 mRNA. And multivariate analysis also revealed that blood CD74 mRNA was associated with prognostic factors for septic shock. These results implied that CD74 may play an important role in septic shock, and blood CD74 mRNA level was suitable to predict septic shock with disease severity after ICU admission.
Mining Easily Understandable Models from Complex Event Logs

We consider the problem of discovering accurate, yet easily under-standable graph-based models from complex event sequence data. Real-world event data, such as production logs, exhibit complex behaviors. These include sequences, choices, loops, optionals, and combinations thereof that make it hard to gain insight into what is going on, and how we can improve the process. Current approaches do not solve this problem satisfyingly, as their modeling language is too restricted to capture complex behavior or they return models that are still too difﬁcult to understand. We formalize the problem in terms of the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle, by which we say that the best model provides the shortest lossless description of the data. The resulting problem is NP-hard, and hence we propose the greedy P ROSEQO algorithm to discover good models from data. P ROSEQO iteratively simpliﬁes the current description by removing nodes, edges, and applying patterns, until MDL tells us to stop. For whenever this result is still too complex, we propose P ROSIMPLE , which iteratively removes further edges until we satisfy a user-speciﬁed threshold. Through an extensive set of experiments, we show both meth-ods perform very well in practice. They return simple models that reconstruct the ground truth well, need only little data to do so, are robust against noise, and scale well. A case study shows that, unlike the state of the art, we discover easily understandable models that capture the key aspects of the data generation process.
The Role of Pain Receptors in the Main Symptoms of Covid-19 and How Diet Can Be a Therapy

It is estimated that 80% of SARS-CoV-2 patients have olfactory disturbances and many also have dysgeusia or ageusia (an interruption or loss of taste, respectively) or changes in chemesthesis, the ability to perceive irritants by TRP receptors. Anosmia (loss of sense of smell) and dysgeusia been termed 'sentinel symptoms'. Anosmia and ageusia represent a real health risk and can also cause nutritional deficits'. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the oral cavity could cause changes in the production or quality of saliva, contributing to the symptoms of taste loss. Since the activation of TRPs by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) contributes to inflammation and pain, research is focusing on several biological mediators related to TRPs and oxidative radicals that could help the development of treatments for pain itself and some COVID related symptoms. Recent studies have found that Nuclear Factor Erythroid-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates cellular defence against toxic and oxidative insults. Compounds that can activate or induce NRF2 include garlic H2S polysulphides, cinnaldehyde in cinnamon, polyphenols in green tea, curcumin, a polyphenolic compound found in curcuma, piperine, an alkaloid found in black pepper, and glucoraphanin found in broccoli. In addition, there is a substantial electrophilic interaction between NRF2, TRPA1 and TPV1 that results in their desensitisation. TRPV1 receptors enter a refractory state (commonly called desensitisation) that leads to inhibition of receptor function as repeated stimulation leads to a progressive reduction in their response. To counteract some of the effects induced by SARS-CoV-2, a rapid desensitisation of TRPs by certain foods is therefore proposed which could reduce the severity of symptoms (including cough, loss of taste and smell) and provide new therapeutic strategies.
STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WAYS OF INFECTION ON THE DENSITY OF P. AERUGINOSA BIOFILM IN MALE AND FEMALE WHITE MATURE RABBIT

Rabbits exposure to P. aeruginosa causes pathological lesions and biochemical changes. This was observed during the experiment in which seventy-five rabbits of both sexes were divided into five groups, first group was inoculated with 0.2 ml of distill water while the other four groups inoculated with 0.2 ml of 2×108 CFU/ml “by using 1ml disposable syringes” as following the 2nd group infect the pregnant by inoculation intrauterine, 3rd infect male and female by Intraperitoneal injection, 4th group infected males by inoculation (intra scrotum) then mixed with normal female and 5th group infected females by inoculation intrauterine then mixed with normal male. The results of SEM show difference in severity of biofilm varies from intensive to moderate and also mild. In groups that have been infected locally G2, G4 and G5 the biofilm is intensive in the affected organ such as (testis, uterus and fetus) and moderate to mild in other organs such as (liver, spleen, ovary) which had been infected by bacterial dissemination. As for the infected group in intraperitonum G3 the biofilm is intensive in the internal viscera such as the liver, spleen and ovaries but it was moderate or mild in the organs transferred to it venereally.
RAPL in Action: Experiences in Using RAPL for Power Measurements

KASHIF NIZAM KHAN, Helsinki Institute of Physics and Aalto University, Finland MIKAEL HIRKI, Helsinki Institute of Physics and Aalto University, Finland TAPIO NIEMI, Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Lausanne, Switzerland JUKKA K. NURMINEN, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Aalto University and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland ZHONGHONG OU, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China
The physical ageing of amorphous poly(hydroxybutyrate)

The embrittlement of poly(hydroxybutyrate), and its copolymers with hydroxyvalerate, on storage at room temperature has been considered in the light of the relaxation of the interlamellar glassy regions and also the development of secondary crystallisation. From a study of the kinetics of the two processes, the first mechanism has been eliminated particularly since the glass transition, as measured by dielectric thermal analysis (DETA), was below room temperature. Control of the primary crystallisation of PHB was observed to reduce the extent of the development of secondary crystallisation and to eliminate the embrittlement on storage. DMTA and DETA were found to be useful techniques for measuring the mobility of the amorphous regions in partially crystalline samples, under conditions where DSC was unable to detect any glass transition.
Relationship between heart rate recovery after exercise and maximal oxygen uptake in sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes

AIMS: Heart rate recovery after exercise (HRR) is an estimate of autonomic modulation of the heart, and has been shown to be inversely associated with type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is associated with decreased maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Aim of our study was to assess the relationship between HRR and VO2max in sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Maximal exercise testing to determine VO2max (ml ∙ Kg-1 ∙ min-1) was performed in 16 sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes (DP) and in 16 age-matched sedentary healthy controls (HS). HRR (bpm) 2 min after cessation of the exercise was recorded. Simple linear regression was used to assess the relations between HRR and VO2max. RESULTS: VO2max and HRR were significantly lower in DP compared to HS (P = 0.002 and P = 0.008 respectively). A correlation between HRR and VO2max has been found, stronger in DP (r = 0.672, P = 0.004) than HS (r = 0.620, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that regular physical activity aimed to improve the levels of VO2max in subjects with diabetes may improve the HRR and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
Point-of-use water purification using clay pot water filters and copper mesh

Lack of clean water for use by rural communities in developing countries is of great concern globally. Contaminated water causes water-borne diseases such as diarrhoea, which often lead to deaths, children being the most vulnerable. Therefore, the need to intensify research on point-of-use (POU) water purification techniques cannot be overemphasized. In this work, clay pot water filters (CPWFs) were fabricated using terracotta clay and sawdust. The sawdust was ground and sieved using 300, 600 and 900 μm sieves. The clay and sawdust were mixed in the ratios 1:1 and 1:2, by volume. Pots were then made, dried and fired in a furnace at 850oC. Raw water collected from nearby rivers was filtered using the pots. The raw and filtered water samples were then tested for E. coli, total coliforms, total hardness, turbidity, electrical conductivity, cations and anions. The 600 μm pot had the capacity to destroy E. coli completely from the raw water, whereas the 900 μm pot reduced it by 99.4%. The 600 μm and 900 μm pots could reduce the total coliform concentration by 99.3% and 98.3%, respectively. An attempt was also made to investigate the germicidal action of copper on the coliforms in raw water, with a view to utilising it in the CPWFs. Results showed that 10 g of copper, in the form of mesh made of thin wire of diameter 0.65 mm, had the capacity to completely eliminate E. coli, by immersing it in 300 ml of raw water for 5 h, and total coliforms, by immersing it for 10 h. Subsequently, copper was added to the CPWF by placing the mesh in the receptacle of the CPWF. Tests showed that copper could destroy any remaining E. coli in the filtered water, rendering the CPWF a completely viable POU technique for producing clean water. All other critical parameters such as total hardness, turbidity, electrical conductivity and ions in the filtered water were also within acceptable levels for drinking water quality. The filtration rate of the pot was also measured as a function of grain size of the sawdust and height of the water column in it. The filtration rate was found to increase with grain size and height in all of the pots.
An Application of a Traveling Salesman Problem with Independent Clusters for Cash-Collection Routing

Motivated by a routing problem to collect cash from over two hundred locations faced by banks in the city of Perm, Russia, we consider a variation of the standard traveling salesman problem (TSP) with clustering. To enhance the security of vehicles carrying cash, we employ multiple vehicles and determine an efficient routing; and, a single vehicle serves a set of locations that forms a cluster. The use of multiple vehicles and the need to form independent clusters to be served separately by vehicles presents a few modifications from the traditional vehicle routing problems. We use a two-step approach first we decide the number of clusters and the set of locations that form part of a cluster, and next, we solve a TSP within each cluster. We analyze a variety of heuristics 13 for the TSP and five for clustering and perform extensive computational experiments to determine an efficient solution. We also provide statistical guarantees on the quality of our routing. Finally, we provide an overview of all the methods we consider to determine good clusters, to decide an optimal number of clusters, and for solving the TSP thereby providing a short survey of techniques available for our considered problem. Although we are especially interested in heuristics that are easily implementable by practitioners, we also compare our routing against an optimal tour. We specifically use open-source software, and all of our anonymized code is publicly available allowing extensions for practitioners, as well as a guidebook for both clustering data and approximately solving the TSP.
CS 224N Default Final Project: Building a QA system (IID SQuAD track)

4 Training the Baseline 7 4.1 Baseline Model . 7 4.2 Train the baseline . 10 4.3 Tracking progress in TensorBoard . 10 4.4 Inspecting Output . 11
Living conditions and coping strategies of women with breast cancer in Córdoba, Colombia

espanolEl cancer de mama es una realidad que ha significado la muerte para miles de mujeres, constituyendo un evento estresor que afecta la salud emocional y psicologica de la paciente. Este estudio pretende determinar los tipos de estrategias de afrontamiento desarrolladas por las mujeres diagnosticadas con cancer de mama de la ciudad de Monteria, Colombia en el periodo 2013-2017. Se determino una muestra de 131 pacientes y se estimo una probabilidad de exito y fracaso de 50%, un error no mayor al 5% y una confianza de Zα = al 95%. La encuesta sociodemografica arrojo que las participantes son de escasos recursos economicos, bajo nivel educativo, sin empleo, con pareja sentimental y profesan la religion catolica; los datos arrojados por el Inventario Brief-COPE-28 refieren la preferencia por el tipo y estrategia de afrontamiento activo en 67.3% y 83.78% respectivamente, en la frecuencia de uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento se obtuvo el planeamiento (55%), afrontamiento activo (56%) y la religion (64%); y el nivel de afrontamiento regular prevalecio en todas las categorias. Pese a las condiciones de vida precarias, las participantes emplean estrategias activas para sobrevivir, lo que implica que se debe implementar procesos de acompanamiento integral que potencien la capacidad de afrontamiento de los sujetos. EnglishBreast cancer is a reality that has meant death for thousands of women, constituting a stressful event that affects the emotional and psychological health of the patient. This study aims to determine the types of coping strategies developed by women diagnosed with breast cancer in the city of Monteria, Colombia in the period 2013-2017. A sample of 131 patients was determined and a probability of success and failure of 50% was estimated, an error no greater than 5% and a confidence of Zα = 95%. The sociodemographic survey showed that the participants are of limited economic resources, low educational level, unemployed, with sentimental partner and profess the catholic religion; the data provided by the Inventory Brief-COPE-28 refer to the preference for the type and strategy of active coping in 67.3% and 83.78% respectively, in the frequency of use of the strategy was obtained the planning (55%), active (56 %) and religion (64%); and the level of regular coping prevailed in all categories. Despite the precarious living conditions, the participants use active strategies to survive, which implies that integral accompaniment processes must be implemented that enhance the coping capacity of the subjects.
Magnetic field dependence of the exciton bandwidth in diluted magnetic semiconductors with quantum wells

Effects of magnetic impurity concentration and spin-projection fluctuations on the exciton scattering, the exciton bandwidth, and the light reflection, transmission, and absorption spectra of diluted magnetic semiconductor crystals with quantum wells in an external magnetic field were studied. The fluctuations of the distributions of both single and pairs of impurity centres as well as the destruction of antiferromagnetically coupled pairs by a high magnetic field were taken into account. Calculations were performed for the quantum wells (Cd, Mn)Te/CdTe/(Cd, Mn)Te. It was shown, that: (i) the contribution of the exciton scattering to the exciton bandwidth is considerable - it is comparable with the experimentally observed bandwidths for the systems under study; (ii) the bandwidth increases as the magnetic field rises for the σ--component of the exciton transition, while the bandwidth decreases for the σ+-component. In particular, the exciton scattering probability drops abruptly when the total magnetic moment of the antiferromagnetically bound pair appears, due to the magnetic field-induced destruction of the pairs. The destruction of the pairs leads to narrowing of the σ+-component of the exciton transition. These peculiarities in the magnetic field dependence of the exciton bandwidth were explained by the coherent summation of spin-dependent and spin-independent parts of the interaction between the exciton and the impurities.
An Action-Oriented AI Policy Toolkit for Technology Audits by Community Advocates and Activists

Motivated by the extensive documented disparate harms of artificial intelligence (AI), many recent practitioner-facing reflective tools have been created to promote responsible AI development. However, the use of such tools internally by technology development firms addresses responsible AI as an issue of closed-door compliance rather than a matter of public concern. Recent advocate and activist efforts intervene in AI as a public policy problem, inciting a growing number of cities to pass bans or other ordinances on AI and surveillance technologies. In support of this broader ecology of political actors, we present a set of reflective tools intended to increase public participation in technology advocacy for AI policy action. To this end, the Algorithmic Equity Toolkit (the AEKit) provides a practical policy-facing definition of AI, a flowchart for assessing technologies against that definition, a worksheet for decomposing AI systems into constituent parts, and a list of probing questions that can be posed to vendors, policy-makers, or government agencies. The AEKit carries an action-orientation towards political encounters between community groups in the public and their representatives, opening up the work of AI reflection and remediation to multiple points of intervention. Unlike current reflective tools available to practitioners, our toolkit carries with it a politics of community participation and activism.
New desalinated drinking water regulations are met by an innovative post-treatment process for improved public health

The recent supply of large volumes of seawater desalinated water in Israel prompted both the development of new water quality standards and the development of a novel post treatment process, designed to comply with the new standards at a cost effective price. The new process is designed to supply water with alkalinity, Ca 2 + and calcium carbonate precipitation potential values as required in the new criteria, along with the addition of a threshold Mg 2 + concentration recently recommended by the WHO. The current paper describes the process in general, and focuses in particular on attaining these criteria while maintaining a low total hardness concentration (120 mg/L as CaCO 3 ). The process is based on dissolving calcite using H 2 SO 4 and replacing the excess calcium ions generated in this process by Mg 2 + ions (using a specific cation exchange resin—Amberlite) and by Na + (using a second cation exchange resin—chabazite, from the zeolite group). Once exhausted the resins are re-loaded with Mg 2 + and Na + by the brine generated in the RO process, thus no unwanted brines are generated. A case study is presented for which operational costs were approximated at 0.034 $US/m 3 product water.
Improving the representation of high-latitude vegetation distribution in dynamic global vegetation models

Abstract. Vegetation is an important component in global ecosystems, affecting the physical, hydrological and biogeochemical properties of the land surface. Accordingly, the way vegetation is parameterized strongly influences predictions of future climate by Earth system models. To capture future spatial and temporal changes in vegetation cover and its feedbacks to the climate system, dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are included as important components of land surface models. Variation in the predicted vegetation cover from DGVMs therefore has large impacts on modelled radiative and non-radiative properties, especially over high-latitude regions. DGVMs are mostly evaluated by remotely sensed products and less often by other vegetation products or by in situ field observations. In this study, we evaluate the performance of three methods for spatial representation of present-day vegetation cover with respect to prediction of plant functional type (PFT) profiles – one based upon distribution models (DMs), one that uses a remote sensing (RS) dataset and a DGVM (CLM4.5BGCDV; Community Land Model 4.5 Bio-Geo-Chemical cycles and Dynamical Vegetation). While DGVMs predict PFT profiles based on physiological and ecological processes, a DM relies on statistical correlations between a set of predictors and the modelled target, and the RS dataset is based on classification of spectral reflectance patterns of satellite images. PFT profiles obtained from an independently collected field-based vegetation dataset from Norway were used for the evaluation. We found that RS-based PFT profiles matched the reference dataset best, closely followed by DM, whereas predictions from DGVMs often deviated strongly from the reference. DGVM predictions overestimated the area covered by boreal needleleaf evergreen trees and bare ground at the expense of boreal broadleaf deciduous trees and shrubs. Based on environmental predictors identified by DM as important, three new environmental variables (e.g. minimum temperature in May, snow water equivalent in October and precipitation seasonality) were selected as the threshold for the establishment of these high-latitude PFTs. We performed a series of sensitivity experiments to investigate if these thresholds improve the performance of the DGVM method. Based on our results, we suggest implementation of one of these novel PFT-specific thresholds (i.e. precipitation seasonality) in the DGVM method. The results highlight the potential of using PFT-specific thresholds obtained by DM in development of DGVMs in broader regions. Also, we emphasize the potential of establishing DMs as a reliable method for providing PFT distributions for evaluation of DGVMs alongside RS.