Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of the type of oak barrels employed during ageing on the ellagitannin profile of wines

Background and Aims Ellagitannins released from wood to wine during barrel ageing can affect wine colour and astringency. This work aimed to examine the influence that oak wood type (French or American) and age (first-fill or second-fill) of barrels has on the concentration of individual ellagitannins and their evolution during winemaking and ageing. Methods and Results The ellagitannin composition of red wines during ageing was determined by HPLC-MS/MS-multiple reaction monitoring. Differences in the extractability and stability of the individual ellagitannins were observed. Moreover, the ellagitannin composition of wines was determined by the type of barrel. Wines aged in new French oak barrels showed a concentration of ellagitannin about twofold higher than that aged in American or in second-fill French ones. The vescalagin/castalagin ratio was higher in wines aged in French oak barrels than that in wines aged in American barrels. Wine samples were grouped by discriminant analysis into three groups depending on the type of barrel employed during ageing. Conclusions The ellagitannin profile of aged red wines is strongly influenced by the type of oak barrel employed. Wines aged in new French oak barrels can be differentiated from those aged in second-fill French or in new American oak barrels by the ellagitannin concentration, whereas the vescalagin/castalagin ratio may assist in tracing the oak type (French or American) of the barrels. Significance of the Study The ellagitannin concentration along with the vescalagin/castalagin ratio in red wines aged in oak barrels can be employed for tracing the oak type of the barrels.
RollingLDA: An Update Algorithm of Latent Dirichlet Allocation to Construct Consistent Time Series from Textual Data

We propose a rolling version of the Latent Dirichlet Allocation, called RollingLDA. By a sequential approach, it enables the construction of LDA-based time series of topics that are consistent with previous states of LDA models. After an initial modeling, updates can be computed efficiently, allowing for real-time monitoring and detection of events or structural breaks. For this purpose, we propose suitable similarity measures for topics and provide simulation evidence of superiority over other commonly used approaches. The adequacy of the resulting method is illustrated by an application to an example corpus. In particular, we compute the similarity of sequentially obtained topic and word distributions over consecutive time periods. For a representative example corpus consisting of The New York Times articles from 1980 to 2020, we analyze the effect of several tuning parameter choices and we run the RollingLDA method on the full dataset of approximately 4 million articles to demonstrate its feasibility.
Anti-Diabetic & Anti Hyperlipidimic Activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus Root on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Purpose: The present study to evaluates Anti-Diabetic & Anti Hyperlipidimic Activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus Root on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan and the animals were orally administered with 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight ethanol extract of A heterophyllus root bark once daily for 15 days. Results: At the end of the intervention, diabetic control rats showed significant (p<0.05) weight reduction, high serum lipids (except high density lipoprotein) concentrations, when compared with non-diabetic control rats. All these alterations were reverted to normal after administered with different doses of ethanol extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus root bark most especially at 500 mg/kg body weight which exhibited no significant (p>0.05) different with nondiabetic rats. Conclusion: The results suggest that ethanol extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus root bark may be useful in ameliorating complications associated with diabetes mellitus patient.
Detection of Small-Scale Components in Power Law Spectra via the Applicaton of Functional Data Analysis

Spectra in astroparticle physics are commonly approximated by simple power laws. The steeply falling nature of these power laws, however, makes the detection of additional components rather challenging. This holds true especially, if the additional components are small compared to the established ones. Energy spectra of muon neutrinos are an interesting example of such a scenario, where the conventional and astrophysical components to the spectra have been established by the use of different analysis methods, such as likelihood fits or spectral deconvolution. The prompt component, although expected from theoretical models, has not yet been experimentally observed. Furthermore, the extraction of physics parameters is challenged by the large systematic uncertainties, especially at high energies. This contribution presents a different approach to the analysis of power-law spectra, which is based on functional data analysis. The method itself and its implications are discussed using muon and neutrino energy spectra as an example.
Design of NLP Technique Fore-Customer Review

With the passage of time and the growth of ecommercea new web world needs to be built their users can share their ideas and opinions differently domains.There are thousands of websites that sell these various products. The quick growth in the number of reviews and their availability and the arrival of rich reviews for rich products for sale online, the right choice for many products has been difficult for users. Consumers will soon be able to verify the authenticity and quality of the products. What better way is there to ask people who have already bought the product? That’s where customer reviews come from. What’s worse is the popular products with thousands of updates — we don’t have the time or the patience to read all of them thousands. Therefore, our app simplifies this task by analysing and summarizing all the reviews that will help the user determine what other consumers have experienced in purchasing this product. This function focuses on mining updates from websites like Amazon, allowing the user to write freely to view. Automatically removes updates from websites. It also uses algorithms such as the Naïve Bayes classifier, Logistic Regression and SentiWordNet algorithm to classify reviews as good and bad reviews. Finally, we used quality metric parameters to measure the performance of each algo.
Role Of Sericin And Its Major Amino Acids As Scavengers Of Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress In A549 Cells

Free radicals mediate oxidative damage and thereby cause oxidation of proteins, lipids and damage to DNA. Sericin is a fractional protein in natural silk fibre and is removed during silk processing. This waste product is known for its antitumoral, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to characterize the major constituents of sericin that are providing cytoprotective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage in human lung epithelial (A549) cells. Incubation of A549 cells with suboptimal concentration of hydrogen peroxide induced an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity and oxidative stress markers. Sericin as well as its major constituent amino acid mixture inhibited the hydrogen peroxide effects. It also increased the antioxidant capacity and free radical scavenging ability in the cells treated. These results suggest that major constituent amino acids of sericin defend A549 cells against oxidative damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species rather than activating antioxidant enzyme system thereby inhibiting cell damage.
Origin of the very high energy gamma-ray emission from pulsar wind nebulae

We study electron and positron acceleration at the termination shock of a striped pulsar wind by integrating particle trajectories in a prescribed model of the magnetic field and flow pattern. We find that drift motion on the shock surface maintains either electrons or positrons on Speiser orbits in a ring-shaped region close to the equatorial plane of the pulsar, where they are accelerated to very high energy by the first-order Fermi mechanism. We calculate the resulting inverse Compton emission from these electrons, and demonstrate that the observed > TeV gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula can be well reproduced for reasonable parameters of the Crab pulsar wind and turbulence levels in the nebula. We show that future observations of the Crab Nebula at ∼ PeV energies, e.g. by LHAASO, will allow for putting relevant constraints on parameters of the Crab pulsar wind that are still poorly known.
Dark Matter search in dwarf irregular galaxies with Fermi-LAT

Departamento de Física Teórica & Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain INFN, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, via P. Giuria, 1, 10125 Torino, Italy AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland SISSA, International School for Advanced Studies, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy INFN, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy E-mail: viviana.gammaldi@uam.es
OPTH_A_256629 1833..1837

Noha A Edris Shaimaa A Arfeen Rana Mosaad Ghada A Nassar 1Ophthalmology Department, Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt; 2Dermatology Department, Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt Purpose: To evaluate corneal biomechanical parameters with an ocular response analyzer (ORA) in patients with psoriasis and compare these parameters with age-matched control subjects. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional observational case–control study. Methods: Thirty eyes of 15 psoriasis patients were included in the study and compared with 30 eyes of 15 control subjects. Corneal biomechanical properties were calculated by ORA. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured by anterior-segment optical coherence tomography. The main outcome measures were corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc), and Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg). For dry-eye evaluation, Schirmer’s test was used. Results: Mean CH in the psoriasis group was 10.20±1.55 mmHg and in the control group 10.66±1.36 mmHg (p=0.215). Mean CRF in the psoriasis group was 9.76±1.60 mmHg and in the control group 10.97±1.42 mmHg (p=0.003). Mean IOPcc in the psoriasis group was 14.84±3.43 mmHg and in the control group 16.67±3.17 mmHg (p=0.035). Mean IOPg in the psoriasis group was 13.92±3.35 mmHg and in the control group 16.62±3.10 mmHg (p=0.002). Mean CCT in the psoriasis group was 543.90±37.27 μm and in the control group 551.23±28.63 μm (p=0.392). Schirmer’s test results in the psoriasis group were 11.4 ±1.57 mm/5 min and in the control group 17.5±1.52 mm/5 min (p<0.001). Conclusion: Psoriasis affects corneal biomechanical properties with statistically significantly lower corneal biomechanics than normal. CH correlates negatively with disease activity. These corneal biomechanical changes should be considered when determining IOP values and during corneal evaluation for keratoconus-suspected patients.
Tone management of voluntary disclosures in Brazilian public companies’ press releases

Polyana Batista da Silva https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-123X PhD Student in the Postgraduate Program in Controllership and Accounting at the University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto (USP-RP) Master in Accounting from the Post-Graduate Program in Accounting at the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) polybsilva@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study seeks to verify whether Brazilian public companies manipulate qualitative information through tone management. Forty-three companies were selected from Brazil's Ibovespa, Bolsa e Balcão (B3), with quarterly data from 2017 to 2018. The data regarding positive tonality were formatted using Loughran and McDonald (2011) word classification, taken from press releases voluntarily released by the companies and analyzed by the software Atlas.ti8. The index was regressed against the discretionary accruals obtained in two results management models. The results point to a negative and significant relationship between accounting management and positive tone of reporting, i.e. companies with higher positive tone manage less results. These findings present relevant information as they highlight the quality of the texts contained in the companies' reports.
Production and Characterization of Exopolysaccharides from Loss Cooked Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) by Lactobacillus Plantarum

The aim of the work was to produce and characterize the exopolysaccharides from loss cooked sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) using fermentation with Lactobacillus. The cooked sweet potato was fermented according to the factorial design with the following factors: the time (21.51h-38.48h) and the amount of Lactobacillus (1.58*106-5*106UFC). Responses were represented by production yield, pH, and titrable acidity. Characterization of the exopolysaccharides was then done by determination of total sugars, solubility index and viscosity. The results show that the pH of unfermented cooked potatoes was between 6.23 to 6.63. The pH of fermented potatoes varies from 3.96 to 4.06. The lactic acid content was found from 7.75 to 9.9% for the fermented samples. The production yields are 1.90% for the samples fermented for 21.5 hours with 3.5*106UFC of bacteria and 5.62% for those fermented for 30 hours with the same volume of inoculum. The average viscosity of the products was 4mPas regardless of the fermentation time. Chemical characterization indicates glucose contents of 68.21 and 94.01% in fermented potato for 24h and 21h respectively. The solubility index gives values of 70.3 ± 0.16 and 88.11 ± 0.23 for fermentation times of 21h and 24h respectively. Results of this work indicated that cooked sweet potatoes ferment for 21h was a promising substrate for production of exopolysaccharides.
SufR, a [4Fe-4S] Cluster-Containing Transcription Factor, Represses the <italic toggle='yes'>sufRBDCSU</italic> Operon in <named-content content-type='genus-species'>Streptomyces avermitilis</named-content> Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ubiquitous and versatile inorganic cofactors that are crucial for many fundamental bioprocesses in nearly all organisms. How cells maintain Fe-S cluster homeostasis is not well understood in Gram-positive bacteria. Genomic analysis showed that the Suf system, which is encoded by the sufRBDCSU operon, is the sole Fe-S cluster assembly system in the genus Streptomyces. Streptomyces avermitilis is the industrial producer of avermectins, which are widely used as agricultural pesticides and antiparasitic agents. sufR (SAV6324) encodes a putative ArsR-family transcriptional regulator, which was characterized as a repressor of the sufRBDCSU operon in this investigation. Spectroscopy and mass spectrometry demonstrated that anaerobically isolated SufR contained an oxidation-sensitive [4Fe-4S] cluster and existed as a homodimer. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and DNase I footprinting analyses revealed that [4Fe-4S]-SufR bound specifically and tightly to a 14-bp palindromic sequence (CAAC-N6-GTTG) in the promoter region of the sufR operon, repressing expression of the sufRBDCSU operon. The presence of the [4Fe-4S] cluster is critical for the DNA-binding activity of SufR. Cys182, Cys195, and Cys223 in the C-terminal region of SufR are essential for [4Fe4S] cluster coordination, but Cys178 is not. The fourth non-Cys ligand in coordination of the [4Fe-4S] cluster for SufR remains to be identified. The findings clarify the transcriptional control of the suf operon by [4Fe-4S] SufR to satisfy the various Fe-S cluster demands. SufR senses the intracellular Fe-S cluster status and modulates the expression of the sole Fe-S cluster assembly system via its Fe-S cluster occupancy. IMPORTANCE Fe–S clusters function as cofactors of proteins controlling diverse biological processes, such as respiration, photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, DNA replication, and gene regulation. The mechanism of how Actinobacteria regulate the expression of the sole Fe-S cluster assembly system in response to the various Fe–S cluster demands remains to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that SufR functions as a transcriptional repressor of the sole Fe-S cluster assembly system in the avermectin producer S. avermitilis. [4Fe-4S]-SufR binds to the promoter region of the suf operon and represses its expression. When Fe-S cluster levels are insufficient, SufR loses its [4Fe-4S] cluster and DNA-binding activity. Apo-SufR dissociates from the promoter region of suf operon, and the expression of the suf system is strongly increased by derepression to promote the synthesis of Fe-S clusters. The study clarifies how Streptomyces maintains its Fe-S cluster homeostasis through the activity of SufR to modulate the various Fe-S cluster
Magnetic field generation by the first cosmic rays

It was recently proposed that cosmic rays are first accelerated at the redshift of z ≈ 20 by supernova remnants of first stars without the large scale magnetic field. In this study, we investigate the large scale magnetic field generation by the first cosmic rays. We show that even though the current and charge neutralities are initially satisfied, the current neutrality is eventually violated if there is an inhomogeneity, so that the magnetic field is generated. In addition, we propose a new driving mechanism for the Biermann battery in an inhomogeneous plasma with streaming cosmic rays. We demonstrate the new generation mechanisms of the magnetic field by conducting three-fluid plasma simulations and particle in cell simulation. We propose that the first cosmic rays generate the magnetic field with a large scale at the redshift of z ≈ 20.
A National-Scale 1-km Resolution PM2.5 Estimation Model over Japan Using MAIAC AOD and a Two-Stage Random Forest Model

Satellite-based models for estimating concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) have seldom been developed in islands with complex topography over the monsoon area, where the transport of PM2.5 is influenced by both the synoptic-scale winds and local-scale circulations compared with the continental regions. We validated Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) aerosol optical depth (AOD) with ground observations in Japan and developed a 1-km-resolution national-scale model between 2011 and 2016 to estimate daily PM2.5 concentrations. A two-stage random forest model integrating MAIAC AOD with meteorological variables and land use data was applied to develop the model. The first-stage random forest model was used to impute the missing AOD values. The second-stage random forest model was then utilised to estimate ground PM2.5 concentrations. Ten-fold cross-validation was performed to evaluate the model performance. There was good consistency between MAIAC AOD and ground truth in Japan (correlation coefficient = 0.82 and 74.62% of data falling within the expected error). For model training, the model showed a training coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.98 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.22 μg/m3. For the 10-fold cross-validation, the cross-validation R2 and RMSE of the model were 0.86 and 3.02 μg/m3, respectively. A subsite validation was used to validate the model at the grids overlapping with the AERONET sites, and the model performance was excellent at these sites with a validation R2 (RMSE) of 0.94 (1.78 μg/m3). Additionally, the model performance increased as increased AOD coverage. The top-ten important predictors for estimating ground PM2.5 concentrations were day of the year, temperature, AOD, relative humidity, 10-m-height zonal wind, 10-m-height meridional wind, boundary layer height, precipitation, surface pressure, and population density. MAIAC AOD showed high retrieval accuracy in Japan. The performance of the satellite-based model was excellent, which showed that PM2.5 estimates derived from the model were reliable and accurate. These estimates can be used to assess both the short-term and long-term effects of PM2.5 on health outcomes in epidemiological studies.
OTT_A_243256 4825..4832

*These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Nanomagnetic devices, such as nano-field effect transistor biosensors and radio frequency magnetic induction therapies, came into being with the development of medical nanomaterials. The application of nanomagnetic materials in the treatment of cancers is rapidly becoming increasingly important because of its ability to target therapy and diagnose early. In this review, an untechnical overview of the fundamental of magnetism in nanomaterials and an illustration of how these materials are applied are presented. The applications of nano-field effect transistor biosensors for the detection of tumor biomarker nanomaterials in the therapy and diagnosis of cancers and nanomagnetic materials are summarized in this paper. A systemic summary of the use of nanomagnetic materials and nano-filed effect transistor biosensors for the treatment and diagnosis of tumors is also provided in the review.
Biomass Burning Aerosol Heating Rates from the ORACLES 2016 and 2017 Experiments

Abstract. Aerosol heating due to shortwave absorption has implications for local atmospheric stability and regional dynamics. The derivation of heating rate profiles from space-based observations is challenging because it requires the vertical profile of relevant properties such as the aerosol extinction coefficient and single scattering albedo (SSA). In the southeast Atlantic, this challenge is amplified by the presence of stratocumulus clouds below the biomass burning plume advected from Africa, since the cloud properties affect the magnitude of the aerosol heating aloft, which may in turn lead to changes in the cloud properties and life cycle. The combination of spaceborne lidar data with passive imagers shows promise for future derivations of heating rate profiles and curtains, but new algorithms require careful testing with data from aircraft experiments where measurements of radiation, aerosol and cloud parameters are better collocated and readily available. In this study, we derive heating rate profiles and curtains from aircraft measurements during the NASA ObseRvations of CLouds above Aerosols and their intEractionS (ORACLES) project in the southeastern Atlantic. Spectrally resolved irradiance measurements and the derived column absorption allow for the separation of total heating rates into aerosol and gas (primarily water vapor) absorption. The nine cases we analyzed capture some of the co-variability of heating rate profiles and their primary drivers, leading to the development of a new concept: The Heating Rate Efficiency (HRE; the heating rate per unit aerosol extinction). The HRE, which accounts for the overall aerosol loading as well as vertical distribution of the aerosol layer, varies little with altitude as opposed to the standard heating rate. The large case-to-case variability for ORACLES is significantly reduced after converting from heating rate to HRE, allowing us to quantify its dependence on SSA, cloud albedo, and solar zenith angle.