Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF ANAESTHESIA ON GASTRIC MOTILITY AND EMPTYING

There are three major functions of the stomach which are related directly to motility: (1) the gastric musculature relaxes to allow the stomach to accommodate large volumes ingested during eating and drinking; (2) the stomach contracts and mixes ingested food with gastric secretions, permitting digestion to commence; (3) organized motility occurs to empty partially digested gastric contents into the small bowel. The stomach is not an important site for absorption of water or nutrients. The surface area of the intestinal mucosa is much greater than that of the stomach and therefore absorption from the small bowel is markedly better than from the stomach (Levine, 1970). This applies to food and fluid, but is most striking in respect of drug absorption. Thus virtually all drugs (acids, bases or small neutral compounds such as ethanol) are absorbed more rapidly from the small bowel than from the stomach (Magnussen, 1968; Levine, 1970; Prescott, 1974; Gibaldi, 1979; Nimmo, 1979). It follows, therefore, that the rate of gastric emptying influences the rate of absorption of orally administered food, fluid or drugs. Slow gastric emptying delays absorption while rapid gastric emptying accelerates absorption. Any intraor interindividual variation in the rate and completeness of absorption of drugs probably arises largely from variations in gastric emptying rate. In the perioperative period, gastric emptying rate is important for three reasons: (1) if drugs are given orally, absorption is erratic and delayed if gastric emptying is inhibited; (2) delayed gastric emptying results in increased volume of gastric contents, which presumably increases nausea and vomiting and delays the reinstitution of normal oral feeding and drug therapy; (3) any increase in volume of acid gastric contents is likely to increase the risk of inhalation of these contents.
A vaincre sans péril, on triomphe sans gloire ! L’effet de l’incertitude de gagner sur la qualité de l’expérience client durant les interactions gamifiées

Résumé Offrir aux clients une expérience de qualité est devenu un enjeu critique pour les entreprises. A cette fin, les chercheurs ont mis en évidence l’opportunité d’utiliser la gamification. Cependant, et malgré la popularité grandissante de cette stratégie, les études rapportent des résultats divergents. Cette recherche vise à réconcilier les résultats antérieurs en identifiant les conditions dans lesquelles la gamification permet d’aboutir à une meilleure expérience. Sur base de la théorie de la résolution de l’incertitude, nous examinons comment l’incertitude de gagner affecte la qualité de l’expérience client. Les résultats de six études, combinant une enquête sur le terrain et des expérimentations, démontrent les bénéfices associés à l’incertitude de gagner en termes de qualité de l’expérience client. Nous montrons que cet effet existe pendant et après l’activité gamifiée, quand les participants sont informés de leur succès ou de leur échec. Par ailleurs, nous mettons en évidence que le fait de perdre le concours renforce l’impact positif de l’incertitude de gagner, ce qui suggère que l’incertitude de gagner permet de contrer l’effet négatif de l’aversion à l’échec lors d’un concours. A l’inverse, nous suggérons que la valeur de la récompense proposée atténue l’impact positif de l’incertitude de gagner en attirant l’attention du client sur l’enjeu plutôt que l’expérience vécue. Nos résultats contribuent à la littérature existante en soulignant le rôle de l’incertitude de gagner comme condition déterminante à la capacité de la gamification à délivrer une expérience de qualité.
DESIGN OF HEATING PANELS FOR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

: One of the prime functions of the wearing behavior of humans is to obtain the most appropriate thermal environmental conditions that ensure the needs of thermal balance and thermal comfort according to the working environment. In this study the design of heating panels based on e-textile design concepts is aimed. The e-textile architecture of the heating panels was formed using stainless steel conductive yarn. The electrical circuit network on the textile structure was successfully embedded via sewing technique. Different kinds of fabrics were combined in order to obtain functional protective clothing system. Fabric system consists of five layers: first layer is outer fabric made from PBI fiber, second layer is moisture barrier fabric from hydrophilic polyester membrane laminated on to a polyester raschel knitted fabric, third layer is conductive yarn embedded thermal barrier fabric, the forth layer is again moisture barrier fabric from hydrophilic polyester membrane and the fifth layer is thermal barrier fabric. The fabric system was tested for thermal comfort properties as well as for heating function
Predicting High-risk Congestion Areas During Heavy Rain Using Multi Prediction Model and Maximum Periodic Frequent Pattern Algorithms

The growth of big data makes it possible to study traffic congestion problems through data from sensors in various locations. Traffic congestion and rainfall data can be used to point out traffic congestion and provide corresponding solutions to solve traffic problems. This paper proposes a novel system namely Rainfall and Traffic Congestion Prediction System (RTC-PS) to address these problems. The proposed system is based on future data and a part of recent data to find roads that are frequently congested when heavy rains occur. We applied the Stacked Generalization method to combine four prediction algorithms: Random Forest (RF), Catboost, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso). We employ the Maximal Periodic Frequent Pattern Growth (maxPFP-Growth) algorithm mining both recent data and predicted data to discover high traffic demand areas when it rains heavily. The experiments were performed using a database from sensor data collected in Kobe City, Japan, from 2014-2015. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the prediction results from the RTC-PS system when using a lot of sensor data in many areas of the city. The proposed novel RTC-PS system can provide a thorough understanding of the areas that are prone to traffic congestion when heavy rain occurs in an urban area, which can be used by authorities and citizens to minimize the impact of traffic congestion on a citywide scale.
The Application of Ionic Liquids in Enzyme Immobilization and Enzyme Modification

Owing to the unique chemical and physical properties, ionic liquids have captivated us for decades. Many research works revealed that ionic liquids met some new kinds of demands for enzyme technology. In this paper, we reviewed the use of ionic liquids as carrier/support to immobilize enzyme or as functional regents to modify support materials and enzyme. Meanwhile, the effects of ionic liquids on enzyme were summarized and discussed. At last, the problems in the present studies were pointed out and the further development was also put forward.
Composite Lymphoma and Related Disorders

The Working Formulation of non-Hodgkin's lympho mas (NHLs) for clinical usage defines the composite lymphomas (CLs) as those with "two distinctly demar cated types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or the rare asso ciation of Hodgkin's disease with a form of non-Hodg kin's lymphoma within a single organ or tissue. " 1 This definition is based entirely on morphologic features, and is essentially identical to that proposed by Kim and col leagues in 1977, 2 when they broadened the original con cept of Custer 3 and of Rappaport and co-workers. 4 Im munologic heterogeneity of lymphomas was already well-established at that time; nevertheless, the definition was suggested because the morphologic subclassification of lymphomas, and not the immunophenotype, was the major determinant for the prognosis and the treatment of patients. Since then, immunologic, molecular ge netic, 5 and cytogenetic 6 studies have added considerably to the understanding of malignant lymphomas. Partly the de cade have reflected varying definitions of CL, and in clude those which CL is defined as two lymphomas that differ as to their presumed cell of origin. 7 paper reviews recent subject CL lated disorders. tailed in a case record of the Massachusetts General Hospital. 105 Mo- mose and coauthors suggest a possible role for Epstein-Barr virus in the formation of Reed-Sternberg-like cells in patients with chronic lympho cytic leukemia. 106 The entire November 1992 issue of Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology is devoted to the interrelationship of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. ' 07
Assessment of Partial Discharges Evolution in Bushing by Infrared Analysis †

The quality of power systems is related to their capability to predict failures, avoid stoppages, and increase the lifetime of their components. Therefore, science has been developing monitoring systems to identify failures in induction motors, transformers, and transmission lines. In this context, one of the most crucial components of the electrical systems is the insulation devices such as bushings, which are constantly subjected to dust, thermal stresses, moisture, etc. These conditions promote insulation deterioration, leading to the occurrence of partial discharges. Partial discharges are localized dielectric breakdown that emits ultra-violet radiation, heat, electromagnet, and acoustics waves. The most traditional techniques to identify these flaws on bushings are based on the current, ultra high frequency, and acoustic emission analysis. However, thermal analysis stands out as a noise-resistant technique to monitor several components in the power systems. Although the thermal method is applied to detect different types of faults, such as bad contacts, overloads, etc, this technique has not been previously applied to perform partial discharge detection and evaluate its evolution on bushings. Based on this issue, this article proposes two new indexes to characterize the discharge evolution based on the infrared thermal analysis: the area ratio coefficient and the Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) ratio coefficient. Seven discharge levels were induced in a contaminated bushing, and an infrared thermal camera captured 20 images per condition, totalizing 140 images. New coefficients were used to perform the identification of discharge evolution. Results indicated that values of the new indexes increase with the partial discharge activity. Thus, the new imaging processing approach can be a promising contribution to literature, improving the reliability and maintenance planning for power transmission systems.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Modeling the Firm-Size Distribution Using Box-Cox Heteroscedastic Regression

: Using the Box-Cox regression model with heteroscedasticity, we exam-ine the size distribution of ﬁ rms. Analyzing the data set of Portuguese manufacturing ﬁ rms as in Machado and Mata (2000), we show that our approach compares favorably against the Box-Cox quantile regression method. In particular, we are able to answer the key questions addressed by Machado and Mata, with the additional advantage that our empirical quantile functions are monotonic. Furthermore, con ﬁ dence intervals of the regression quantiles are easy to compute, and the estimation of the Box-Cox heteroscedastic regression model is straightforward.
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF WASTE-TO-ENERGY IN REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

Republic of Srpska (RS) is one of the two entities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). It is located in South-eastern Europe, in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula. As in most developing countries, waste management is based on landfilling. The constant increase in waste generation creates a growing burden on the existing waste management system and the environment. Comparing the amount of waste with GDP, despite a much lower standard, RS/BiH residents, compared to EU residents, generate far more waste for the same amount of money. All generated waste is disposed of in landfills, which causes greenhouse gas emissions and has a negative effect on the environment. On the other side, untreated waste deposited in landfills represents the loss of potential of waste as a renewable energy source. In this study, an attempt has been made to represent the possibilities of sustainable waste-to-energy management in RS with the goal to provide reliable support to decision-makers to direct waste management in a sustainable framework.
NORADRENALINE EFFECTS ON SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR, INTERGROUP RELATIONS, AND MORAL DECISIONS

Recent research has begun to elucidate the neural basis of higher order social concepts, such as the mechanisms involved in intergroup relations, and moral judgments. Most theories have concentrated on higher order emotions, such as guilt, shame, or empathy, as core mechanisms. Accordingly, psychopharmacological and neurobiological studies have investigated the effects of manipulating serotonin or oxytocin activity on moral and social decisions and attitudes. However, recently it has been determined that changes in more basic emotions, such as fear and anger, might also have a significant role in social and moral cognition. This article summarizes psychopharmacological and fMRI research on the role of noradrenaline in higher order social cognition suggesting that indeed noradrenergic mediated affective changes might play key – and probably causal – role in certain social attitudes and moral judgments. Social judgments may also be directly influenced by numerous neurotransmitter manipulations but these effects could be mediated by modulation of basic emotions which appear to play an essential role in the formation of social concepts and moral behavior.
Saudi Arabia Special Education Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Assistive Technology Use For Students With Intellectual Disability

This study was conducted in the central region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to investigate levels of teachers ’ assistive technology (AT) knowledge and skills use in classrooms for students with intellectual disability (ID). A total of 98 special education teachers of students with ID completed an online survey. Results indicate that the teachers ’ levels of knowledge and skills related to AT use in classrooms for students with ID were reaching proficiency. Teachers ’ levels of AT knowledge and skills statistically significantly differed based on gender, training, level of education, teaching experience, and school location but not on grade level. However, there were statistically significant differences in teachers ’ professional development based on gender and teaching experience but not based on training, level of education, grade level, and school location. Furthermore, results indicate that teachers ’ perceptions of AT significantly predicted teachers ’ knowledge and skills related to AT use in educational environments.
Mechanical stretch modulates TGF- b 1 and a 1(I) collagen expression in fetal human intestinal smooth muscle cells

Mechanical stretch modulates TGF- b 1 and a 1(I) collagen expression in fetal human intestinal smooth muscle cells. Am. J. Physiol. 277 ( Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G1074–G1080, 1999. — Intestinal muscle undergoes stretch intermittently during peristalsis and persistently proximal to obstruction. The inﬂuence of this pervasive biomechanical force on developing smooth muscle cell function remains unknown. We adapted a novel in vitro system to study whether stretch modulates transforming growth factor- b 1 (TGF- b 1) and type I collagen protein and component a 1 chain [ a 1(I) collagen] expression in fetal human intestinal smooth muscle cells. Primary conﬂu-ent cells at 20-wk gestation, cultured on ﬂexible silicone membranes, were subjected to two brief stretches or to 18 h tonic stretch. Nonstretched cultures served as controls. TGF- b 1 protein was measured by ELISA and type I collagen protein was assayed by Western blot. TGF- b 1 and a 1(I) collagen mRNA abundance was determined by Northern blot analysis, quantitated by phosphorimaging, and normalized to 18S rRNA. Transcription was examined by nuclear run-on assay. Tonic stretch increased TGF- b 1 protein 40%, type I collagen protein 100%, TGF- b 1 mRNA content 2.16-fold, and a 1(I) collagen mRNA 3.80-fold and enhanced transcription of TGF- b 1 and a 1(I) collagen by 3.1- and 4.25-fold, respectively. Brief stretch stimulated a 50% increase in TGF- b 1 mRNA content but no change in a 1(I) collagen. Neutralizing anti-TGF- b 1 ablated stretch-mediated effects on a 1(I) collagen. Therefore, stretch upregulates transcription for TGF- b 1, which stimulates a 1(I) collagen gene expression in smooth muscle from developing gut.
A missing piece of the Papio puzzle : Gorongosa baboon phenostructure and their 1 relationships with Papio species 2

relationships with Papio species 2 Felipe I. Martinez, Cristian Capelli, Maria J. Ferreira da Silva , Vera Aldeias , Zeresenay 3 Alemseged, William Archer, Marion Bamford, Dora Biro, René Bobe 9, , David R. Braun, Jörg 4 M. Habermann 9, , Tina Lüdecke , Hilário Madiquida, Jacinto Mathe, Enquye Negash, Luis 5 M. Paulo, Maria Pinto, Marc Stalmans, Frederico Tátá , & Susana Carvalho 5, 9, 10, 16 6 7 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Programa de Antropología, Av. 8 Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK; 9 Organisms and Environment Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Biomedical Sciences 10 Building, Room C/5.15, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK; CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação 11 em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; ICArEHB-Interdisciplinary Center 12
A Long-Term Care Hospital-Based, Novel, Cost-Effective Strategy to Reduce Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infections

An innovative nurse-led initiative of central venous catheter (CVC) dressing maintenance in long-term acute care (LTAC) setting significantly reduced the organizational incidence of central line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). The initiative included limiting scheduled CVC dressing changes to a trained staff nurse dedicated to that task. The project demonstrated that the initiative reduced patient harm by eliminating CLABSI in LTAC patients and was cost effective.
Regulation of human aryl hydrocarbon receptor and dihydrofolate reductase expression by RNA editing

A-to-I RNA editing is the most frequent type of post-transcriptional nucleotide conversion in humans, and it is catalyzed by ADAR enzymes. In this study, the effect of RNA editing on human AhR expression was investigated because the AhR transcript potentially forms double-stranded structures, which are targets of ADAR enzymes. In human hepatocellular carcinoma-derived Huh-7 cells, the knockdown of ADAR1 reduced the RNA editing levels in the 3’-untranslsted region (3’-UTR) of AhR transcript and increased the AhR protein levels. Interestingly, the knockdown of ADAR1 enhanced the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-mediated induction of CYP1A1, a gene downstream of AhR. It was investigated the possibility that A-to-I RNA editing creates miRNA targeting sites in the AhR mRNA, and it was found that the miR-378-dependent down-regulation of AhR was abolished by the knockdown of ADAR1. These results indicated that the ADAR1-mediated down-regulation of AhR could be attributed to the creation of a miR-378 recognition site in the 3’-UTR of AhR. The inter-individual differences in the RNA editing levels within the 3’-UTR of AhR in a panel of 32 human liver samples were relatively small, whereas the differences in ADAR1 expression were large (220-fold). In the panel of human livers, a significant inverse association was observed between the miR-378 and AhR protein levels. These results suggested that the RNA editing-dependent down-regulation of AhR by miR-378 contributes to the variability in the constitutive expression of AhR in the human liver. In conclusion, this study uncovered, for the first time, that A-to-I RNA editing modulates the potency of xenobiotic metabolism in the human liver.
Developing students’ employability in work placements

SESSION C1: Integration of theory and practice in the learning and teaching process CONTEXT Employer feedback consistently reports gaps in graduate professional capabilities. Developing graduates' work readiness is a goal of growing importance in the tertiary sector. Institutions are embedding curriculum and co- and extra-curricular activities to better develop student employability capabilities. While work placements are widely viewed as the best way to develop employability, employability learning activities in the curriculum can augment experiential learning. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore the question What preparation can develop student communication, networking and reflection skills before undertaking an engineering work placement? APPROACH A number of frameworks were used to guide development of new curriculum for employability. Eyler's reflective practice framework was used to enhance learning from experience, and an affordance model framework was used to scaffold learning, to prioritize learning during workshops to higher order skill development. A cultural values framework was used to guide learning about workplace culture. RESULTS A workshop was developed for students looking for a placement that focuses on the application, networking and interviewing. A second workshop was developed for students who had already sourced a placement that focuses on key workplace learning opportunities: meetings, networking and reflection on experience. CONCLUSIONS Well designed workshops can be an effective way to enhance student learning. Evaluation of outcomes and impact of the teaching innovation in employability lag interventions by several years, so longitudinal studies need to be carried out for a full evaluation.
DMD050468 694..697

Alternative splicing (AS) is one of the most significant components of the functional complexity of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes (UGTs), particularly for the UGT1A gene, which represents one of the best examples of a drug-metabolizing gene regulated by AS. Shorter UGT1A isoforms [isoform 2 (i2)] are deficient in glucuronic acid transferase activity but function as negative regulators of enzyme activity through protein-protein interaction. Their abundance, relative to active UGT1A enzymes, is expected to be a determinant of the global transferase activity of cells and tissues. Here we tested whether i2-mediated inhibition increases with greater abundance of the i2 protein relative to the isoform 1 (i1) enzyme, using the extrahepatic UGT1A7 as a model and a series of 23 human embryonic kidney 293 clonal cell lines expressing variable contents of i1 and i2 proteins. Upon normalization for i1, a significant reduction of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin glucuronide formation was observed for i1+i2 clones (mean of 53%) compared with the reference i1 cell line. In these clones, the i2 protein content varied greatly (38–263% relative to i1) and revealed two groups: 17 clones with i2 < i1 (60%6 3%) and 6 clones with i2 ‡ i1 (153% 6 24%). The inhibition induced by i2 was more substantial for clones displaying i2 ‡ i1 (74.5%; P = 0.001) compared with those with i2 < i1 (45.5%). Coimmunoprecipitation supports a more substantial i1-i2 complex formation when i2 exceeds i1. We conclude that the relative abundance of regulatory i2 proteins has the potential to drastically alter the local drug metabolism in the cells, particularly when i2 surpasses the protein content of i1.