Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-domain induced polarization forward modeling and an apparent spectral parameter solution based on the Weibull growth model

The application of the Cole-Cole model within time-domain induced polarization (TDIP) forward field modeling shows that the model parameters can characterize time-varying states of the TDIP field and support observed data analysis. The Cole-Cole model contains real and imaginary parts, and it requires a frequency-to-time conversion for TDIP forward modeling. However, the TDIP field is usually expressed by a real number, and its intuitive time-varying states field intensity increases with charging time. Therefore, the forward model should be constructed in a simpler form. We have aimed to develop a forward model using mathematical functions not based on physical principles. The Weibull (WB) growth model, which is primarily used to describe the time-varying curve features in regression analysis, is introduced into the basic algorithm of the TDIP forward model. Subsequently, a forward expression of the TDIP effect is established. Based on the time-varying shape and scale parameters, this expression describes the time-varying rate and relaxation states of the TDIP fields. Furthermore, based on the extensively used conjugate gradient optimization, an apparent WB parameter scheme is initiated to calculate the spectral parameters that represent the relaxation and time-varying rate obtained from the multi-time-channel TDIP data. Finally, this scheme is applied to interpret the different simulated and actual TDIP data. The results demonstrate that the WB growth model can be used for the TDIP forward model without involving physical principles, the model parameters without specific physical significance can be used to represent the time-varying states of TDIP fields, and apparent WB parameters can be used to discern different TDIP observed data. The setting of the TDIP forward model and model parameters can actually be more flexible and diverse, so as to obtain simpler forward expressions and ensure a highly efficient inverse solution.
A NOVEL FRAMEWORK FOR CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA CLASSIFICATION BASED ON SUBSPACE PROJECTION AND DECISION TREE

Cardiac arrhythmia basically refers to abnormal activity of heart. Correct classification of cardiac arrhythmia is therefore crucial for appropriate treatment of heart diseases. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for cardiac arrhythmia classification. Initially, the feature vectors extracted from raw electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are projected into a particular subspace obtained via the Common Vector Approach, which is an effective subspace method. The projected vectors are then fed into two distinct decision-tree-based classifiers—namely, C4.5 and random forest. The results obtained from the proposed approach are compared with those obtained with the original feature vectors using the same classifiers. For this purpose, the well-known MIT-BIH arrhythmia database was utilized. Six different sets of features based on QRS, time-domain, wavelet transform and power spectral density are derived from ECG signals in this database. The feature sets are then used in the classification of five main beat types including non-ectopic, ventricular ectopic, supraventricular ectopic, fusion and unknown. The experimental results reveal that the recognition performances achieved by most of the projected features are explicitly higher than those obtained with the original ones. In addition, the classification accuracy of the proposed approach climbs to 100% for the test set.
Chlorophyll a
 fluorescence imaging of soya bean leaflets infected by Corynespora cassiicola

Target spot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Corynespora cassiicola (Berk and MA Curtis) CT Wei. , is one of the most serious threats to soya bean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] production in Brazil (Godoy et al., 2012; Teramoto et al., 2013). The symptoms of target spot on soya bean leaflets are characterized as roughly circular to irregular necrotic lesions, which have alternating light and dark rings surrounded by a dull green or yellowishgreen halo (Almeida et al., 2005; Sinclair, 1999). Severe target spot epidemics occur in regions with temperature ranging from 25 to 28°C and high relative humidity (Godoy et al., 2012). The absence of resistant cultivars and the report of isolates of C. cassiicola resistant to benzimidazole make target spot control very difficult to achieve (Teramoto et al., 2013; Xavier, Canteri, Barros, & Godoy, 2013). As a necrotrophic pathogen, C. cassiicola relies on the action of nonhost selective toxins and hydrolytic enzymes to facilitate host Received: 3 June 2018 | Revised: 22 August 2018 | Accepted: 23 August 2018 DOI: 10.1111/jph.12761
GREEN PRODUCT CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS: AWARENESS, INTEREST LEVEL AND SENSITIVITY OF CONSUMERS

Gelisen teknolojiler ve endustrilesme dogal kaynaklarin hizli azalmasini tetiklemistir ve musterilerin tuketim davranislarini degistirmistir. Bilincli bir konsept olan yesil tuketim kavrami bilimsel yaklasimlar ve farkindaliklar sayesinde olusmus ve halen cevrecilik hareketinin domine ettigi marketteki tum partiler cevreye duyarli urun uretimi ve tuketimi konularinda gerekli adimlari atmistir. Bu calismada, bir Arastirma yapilmis ve calisma sonuclari yesil urun farkindaligi ve musterilerin hassasiyeti acilarindan degerlendirilmistir. Spesifik olarak, cinsiyet, egitim seviyesi ve gelir duzeyinin musteri tercihleri uzerindeki etkileri analiz edilmistir. Calismada katilimcilarin egitim seviyesi ve gelir duzeyinin musteri tercihleri uzerindeki etkili oldugu ve egitim duzeyi veya geliri yuksek kisilerin yesil urun almada kendilerini ozgur hissettikleri sonucuna varilmistir. Katilimcilarin cinsiyetinin tercihler uzerinde bir etkisinin olmadigi tespit edilmistir.
Effect of Different Colour Shading on Seedling Growth, Fruit Morphology and Phytochemical Properties of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var KWR)

Context: Producing high quality and chemical free tomato would favorably enhance consumer preference. There are most promising findings available on growth and quality attributes of tomato and other plants under different light spectrum in closed house conditions using different light sources. Installment of light emitting devices and running cost with high power consumption might not favorable for commercial cultivators and small scale growers. Aim: In present study we used colour transparent sheets such as colourless (control), red, blue, green and yellow as shading material to transmit respective spectrum of light on tomato plants to study the effect. Methodology: Tomato seed germination study was done under different colour shading in petri plates. Seedling and plant growth parameters and phytochemical properties of tomato plants grown under different transparent colour shadings were studied such as number of leaves, leaf area, Original Research Article Dissanayake and Wekumbura; JEAI, 42(5): 72-84, 2020; Article no.JEAI. 57703 73 weight of shoot and root, chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid content of fruits, lycopene contents of fruits, fruit physical parameters and flowering. Results: Seed germination was significantly high under yellow, colourless and red shading over blue and green. Seedling growth was significantly high under yellow shading. Fruit Ascorbic acid content was positively enhanced by yellow, green and colourless shading, whereas chlorophyll and lycopene content significantly high under green and red. Number of flower setting per plant was high under green shading (40±5.77), whereas lowest under yellow shading (22.33±6.38). Fruit setting significantly high under yellow shading (14±2) and lowest was red (9±1). Blue shading showed significantly high effect on fruit morphological traits such as pericarp thickness and fruit size. Conclusion: Yellow colour shading enhances seedling growth and fruit setting of tomato, while green having positive impact on fruit morphology. However, different characters of tomato were differently affected by different colour shading in greenhouse condition and for the better effect appropriate colour shading should be selected at particular stage of growth.
The Integration Of Qur’an And Linguistic Education Based On Ontology Of Qur’anic Concept In Quranic Arabic Corpus

Users of Arabic and religious learning program applications are surprised by the phenomenon among students and teachers of Arabic and religious languages in which most of them have never practiced and used The Qur'anic Arabic Corpus (QAC) applications for academic activities. Meanwhile, the program has many benefits and conveniences for students, teachers, and researchers for conducting research and study activities in the field of language and religion and science integration. The number of open-source of IT-based information that can be used for Arabic language learning activities and studies of religious and scientific integration is increasing significantly. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the understanding and use of The QAC program in teaching and learning Arabic and the integration of religious sciences in schools and colleges of Islamic religion. This study uses Krippendorf perspective qualitative design in the study of al-Qur'an integration and linguistic education. The research method used is the study of linguistic corpus with annotations, abstractions, and analysis through three stages of corpus exploration, experimentation, and knowledge discovery. Through data analysis, it is found that the Arabic and religious learning model using The QAC can improve language creativity and improvisation and improve the process of reciting, memorizing and vocabulary building, making it easier for students to study the integration of Qur'an, language, religion, and science. This paper recommends that Arabic and religious learning activities utilize IT-based learning program applications such as the QAC
Predicting asymmetric phospholipid microstructures in solutions

Asymmetric phospholipid microstructures, such as asymmetric phospholipid membranes, have potential applications in biological and medicinal processes. Here, we used the dissipative particle dynamics simulation method to predict the asymmetric phospholipid microstructures in aqueous solutions. The asymmetric phospholipid membranes, tubes and vesicles are determined and characterized by the chain density distributions and order parameters. The phase diagrams are constructed to evaluate the effects of the chain length on the asymmetric structure formations at equilibrium states, while the average radius of gyration and shape factors are calculated to analyze the asymmetric structure formations in the non-equilibrium processes. Meanwhile, we predicted the mechanical properties of the asymmetric membranes by analyzing the spatial distributions of the interface tensions and osmotic pressures in solutions.
Electron Donor Systems to Facilitate Development of Assays for Two Flavoproteins Involved in Tetrahydromethanopterin Biosynthesis

Methane production by archaea depends on tetrahydromethanopterin (H4MPT), a pterin-containing cofactor that carries one-carbon units. Two redox reactions within the nine steps of H4MPT side chain biosynthesis have been hypothesized. Biochemical assays have demonstrated that the archaeal iron-sulfur flavoprotein dihydromethanopterin reductase X (DmrX or MM1854) catalyzes the final reaction of the pathway, the reduction of dihydromethanopterin to H4MPT, using dithiothreitol (DTT) as an artificial electron donor. The crystal structure of DmrB, a bacterial DmrX homolog that lacks iron-sulfur clusters, has led to a proposed ping-pong mechanism of electron transfer between FMNH2 and the FMN prosthetic group of DmrB. However, an enzymatic assay to test the hypothetical DmrB mechanism is lacking because a suitable electron donor has not previously been identified. Furthermore, a second uncharacterized archaeal flavoprotein (MM1853) has been hypothesized to function in H4MPT side chain biosynthesis. In this work, to facilitate the development of assays to elucidate the functions of DmrB and MM1853, we tested a variety of electron donors, including dithiothreitol, ferredoxin, and a system consisting of NADH and an NADH-dependent flavin-reducing enzyme (Fre). Reduction of the DmrB prosthetic group (FMN) was measured as a decrease in absorbance at 460 nm. NADPH, NADH, and DTT were unable to reduce DmrB. However, NADH/Fre was able to reduce DmrB within 70 min (initial rate of 1.3 μM/min), providing the basis for a future DmrB activity assay. Carbon monoxide (CO)/CO dehydrogenase/ferredoxin reduced DmrB more rapidly within 6 min. Both electron transfer systems reduced a second flavin-containing archaeal protein MM1853, which is predicted to catalyze the third step of H4MPT biosynthesis. While NADH and NADPH were incapable of directly reducing the FMN cofactor of MM1853, DTT or NADH/Fre could eliminate the FMN peaks. These results establish the basis for new oxidoreductase assays that will facilitate testing several proposed DmrB mechanisms and defining the specific function of MM1853 in methanogen cofactor biosynthesis.
The relative roles of dispersal and establishment for shaping whole-lake aquatic macrophyte richness, diversity, and community structure in hemiboreal lakes

ABSTRACT Aquatic macrophyte diversity and structure play an important role in freshwater communities, yet little research on macrophytes has focused on native communities in the undisturbed hemiboreal lakes of North America. We used data collected from 15 inland lakes on Isle Royale National Park (Michigan, USA) to identify relationships among macrophyte metrics that describe dispersal and introduction potential (richness, diversity, community structure via growth form, and connectivity) and lake metrics that control establishment and growth potential. Results from partial least square regression analyses found that the most important and recurring predictors were those corresponding to establishment and growth. Alkalinity was the major contributor to the variation seen in richness, Shannon evenness, and Simpson inverse diversity metrics. Sediment phosphorus also contributed significantly to richness and diversity, but negatively. For growth form, half of the variation in submersed species related to alkalinity while almost half of variation in emergent species related to alkalinity and water color. Most of the variation in floating-leaved species was negatively related to alkalinity and water color. Our results suggest a high relative importance of establishment and growth metrics compared to introduction and dispersal metrics for understanding native macrophyte communities in North American hemiboreal lakes.
The Effect of Enteritis, Pneumonia and Omphalitis on Oxidative/Antioxidant Balance in the Calves

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of enteritis, pneumonia and omphalitis on oxidative/antioxidant balance in the calves. In total, 27 calves with neonatal disease and 10 healthy calves (control) were used. The sick calves were divided into 3 groups according to localization of infection, omphalitis (n = 10), pneumonia (n = 8) and enteritis (n = 9). Blood samples of the calves were taken from jugular vein for analysis. Blood in tubes without anticoagulant was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 5 min following clotting, and the sera were removed and stored at -80°C until analyzed. Serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels of all groups were significantly higher, while glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly lower compared to the control group. As a conclusion, diarrhea, pneumonia and omphalitis are caused by oxidative damage in the calves, and antioxidant treatment may be beneficial in the treatment of these diseases.
Foraging behaviour and performance of steers from two local breeds (Asturian Valley and Asturian Mountain) grazing in Cantabrian (N Spain) summer pastures

Steer meat production in northern Spain is deficient to attend market demand. This research aimed to compare the foraging behaviour and production of yearling steers from two local breeds differing in body weight (BW), Asturian Valley (AV, 372 kg) and Asturian Mountain (AM, 307 kg), grazing in summer pastures consisting of 70% grassland and 30% heathland. Bodyweight gains from a total of 42 steers were recorded during four grazing seasons (from June to October). In two years, in July and September, plant community selection and diet composition were estimated by direct observation and using faecal markers, respectively. Grazing time increased from July to September (488 vs. 557 min/day; p<0.001) as sward height in the grassland decreased. Although AV steers grazed proportionally for longer on herbaceous pastures than AM steers (81.3 vs. 73.3%; p<0.05), no differences between breeds were found in diet composition. AM steers showed greater mean daily BW gains than AV steers (252 vs. 133 g/day; p<0.01). From June to August, steers from both breeds gained BW (487 vs. 360 g/day for AM and AV, respectively; p<0.01), but thereafter BW gains decreased (120 vs. –12 g/day for AM and AV, respectively; p<0.05), because of reduced availability of grassland herbage. Yearling steers from AM breed seem to be better suited to mountain conditions than those from AV breed, probably because of their smaller body size and lower total nutrient requirements for maintenance.
Imaging the Extracellular Matrix in Prevalent Cardiovascular Diseases

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly complex macromolecular network present in all tissues and organs. The ECM is continuously remodelling under an orchestrated process facilitated by many matrix-degrading and matrix-synthesising enzymes in both health and disease. Disturbance of this balance can be the result of or can lead to various diseases. In cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), changes to the ECM are evident in conditions including: atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI), venous thromboembolism (VTE) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). ECM proteins and ECM regulating enzymes are differently expressed in various CVDs. Most importantly, the altered deposition, macromolecule arrangement and activity of the ECM makes it an attractive marker of disease onset, pathogenesis and progression. Many medical imaging modalities allow disease assessment by exploiting native image contrast, by using non-targeted or by using protein or cell specific (targeted) imaging probes. However, the ability to directly visualise and quantify changes in specific ECM proteins enhances our understanding of the biological role of these proteins, enables monitoring of disease progression and response to treatment and may improve patient diagnosis and allocation of personalised therapies. This review focuses on the biochemistry of the major extracellular matrix proteins and advancements in the development of ECM-targeted probes for molecular imaging of CVD, particularly for applications of molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and position emission tomography (PET) imaging.
Prevention of IgE-mediated allergy by molecular chimerism and costimulation blockade in a murine model

Die IgE–mediierte oder Soforttyp Allergie ist eine Erkrankung mit steigender Tendenz. Zurzeit ist die einzige kausale Therapieform die spezifische Immunotherapie. Allerdings bestehen auch Risiken, wie etwa Neusensibilisierungen oder Anaphylaxie. Stabile und lebenslange Toleranzinduktion ware eine ideale Prophylaxe und Therapie. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen wurden zwei verschiedene Ansatze untersucht, Kostimulationsblockade und molekularer Chimarismus. Blockade von Kostimulationssignalen mittels spezifischer Antikorper hat in der Transplantation zu vielversprechenden Ergebnissen gefuhrt. Diese Arbeit setzt sich mit der Kostimulationsblockade in der Allergiepravention und Therapie auseinander. Bei der TH2 Immunantwort werden unter anderem die Zahl und Funktion der Gedachtniszellen durch das Kostimulationsmolekul OX40L reguliert. Welche Rolle OX40L im murinen Allergie-Modell spielt, wurde durch Blockierung dieser Interaktion analysiert. Es wurde auch eine mogliche synergistische Funktion von OX40L mit, CD28 (CTLA4Ig) und CD40L (anti-CD40L) untersucht. Blockierung von OX40L hatte keinen Einfluss auf die allergen-spezifischen Antikorperproduktion oder die T-Zell Antwort. Wogegen die Kombination von anti-CD40L/CTLA4Ig zu einer supprimierten T Zell Antwort und signifikant verzogerter humorale allergische Sensibilisierung fuhrte. Eine andere Strategie, Toleranz zu induzieren ist der molekulare Chiarismus. Molekularer Chimarismus wurde schon erfolgreich in einem Allergie-Mausmodell mit dem Allergen Phl p 5 gezeigt. Da Allergene strukturell und funktionell unterschiedliche Proteine sind, wurde diese Methode mit Bet v 1, dem Hauptbirkenpollenallergen, umgesetzt. Ein Bet v 1-GFP Konstrukt wurde in hamatopoetische Stammzellen eingeschleust und anschliesend in vorbehandelte, syngene Mause transplantiert. Durch erfolgreiches Engraftment von allergen-exprimiernden Blutzellen im Empfanger wurde Langzeittoleranz gegen dieses Allergen erzielt. Die behandelten Mause waren tolerant gegen wiederholte Immunisierungen. Uber den gesamten Verlauf entwickelte sich keine allergen-spezifische T-Zell Antwort und auch kein allergen-spezifisches IgE. Daruber hinaus konnte keine Effektorzellaktivitat durch das Serum induziert werden. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass OX40L-Blockade keine Auswirkung auf die TH2 Antwort in unserem Modell hat. Wogegen die Blockade von CD40L/CD28 zu einer stark verzogerten Immunantwort fuhrt. Stabile Toleranz auf zellularer und humoraler Ebene gegenuber einem Allergen konnte nur mit molekularem Chimarismus erreicht werden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass molekularer Chimarismus in der Allergie auch mit strukturell und funktional unterschiedlichen Allergenen erfolgreich angewendet werden kann.
Navigating treatment recommendations for PTSD: A rapid review

Abstract As a hidden epidemic, trauma is a serious public health concern that negatively affects individuals and communities globally. There have been ongoing debates and conflictual guidelines surrounding how mental health professionals diagnose trauma, and what would be empirically supported treatment (EST) approaches to address trauma. With the aim of informing the clinical decision-making process, this study critically reviews and synthesizes published empirical research on psychological treatments of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A form of rapid evidence assessment was conducted to map out the existing literature on psychological treatments for PTSD, considering client demographics, types of trauma, therapy modes, and service delivery and intensity. All studies included in the final review (N = 14) are mostly systematic review or meta-analysis. In total, our review encompassed 486 ESTs (mostly RCTs = 474 and total participants =37,222). Our review was categorized into five areas: empirically supported psychological treatments in adults or children; trauma-focused or non-trauma-focused treatments; group therapies; web-based therapies; and intensity/duration of treatment. The consistent finding is that all active psychological treatments for PTSD are more effective than a waitlist. Therefore, a first line of PTSD treatment is to reduce a waitlist and provides services at the time of need. In this regard, findings on innovative service delivery, such as online approaches, delivering massed treatment options, and group therapies are promising. The study limitations, clinical implications, and areas of future research are discussed.