Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defects caused by degradation – A stumbling block for nanocomposites in thin film capacitors

The aim of this study is to shed light on why the often-praised beneficial effects of nanoparticles on dielectric breakdown strength are not observed in biaxially oriented PP-based films. Therefore, thin films of capacitor grade PP and nanocompounds containing one of two SiO2 based nanoparticles (pyrogenic and colloidal) at 2wt. % and 4wt. % were produced at a pilot scale thin film production line. Additionally, neat PP was deliberately degraded to a similar extent using cyclic extrusion on a twin-screw extruder. After cast film extrusion and biaxial stretching using a Karo IV lab stretcher, all films were tested for their dielectric strength, surface roughness, molar mass and particle dispersion using a diamond tip profilometer, HT-GPC and SEM. All films showed a reduction in molar mass of up to 50 % in $\mathrm{M}_{\mathrm{w}}$ followed by a linear decrease in breakdown strength. It is known that the degradation mechanisms in PP lead to the inclusion of radicals, double bonds and carbonyl groups in the polymer chain, decreasing the width of the bandgap and thereby reducing dielectric strength in a stronger way than nanoparticles could enhance it. This study shows that the negative effect of degradation during processing is probably stronger than the superimposed and potentially beneficial effect of adding nanoparticles.
Confidence Levels in Scientific Writing: Automated Mining of Primary Literature and Press Releases

Scientific communication includes primary scientific literature written by and for scientists, as well as press releases written about these scientific articles that are used to inform the popular press. By the time new scientific findings are reported by the press, the reporting can often reflect 'spin', or reporting that minimizes uncertainties and exaggerates impact, as compared to the original study. In this work, we examine the role that the press release may play in communicative change, in particular with respect to differences in portrayed confidence between abstracts of scientific articles and press releases. We examine a large corpus of over 15,000 documents collected from online databases covering a range of scientific topics, leveraging automated analysis tools from natural language processing to examine how the readability, sentiment, subjectivity, and portrayed confidence varies between primary literature and press releases. We find that press releases are often easier to read, portray more positive sentiment, use language that implies greater objectivity, and demonstrate higher confidence in the findings. Future work should focus on examining if these differences between press releases and primary articles do indeed engender different perceptions in readers.
Evaluation of the Upper Arch Morphological Changes after Two Different Protocols of Expansion in Early Mixed Dentition: Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Invisalign® First System

Background: The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze the morphological changes of the upper arch after two protocols of expansion, the Invisalign® First system and rapid maxillary expansion (RME), in mixed dentition by means of geometric morphometric analysis (GMM). Methods: Digital dental casts of 32 children treated either with RME (RME group: 17 subjects; mean age 8.1 years) or the First system (First group: subjects; mean age 8.4 years) were collected. For both the RG and FG, pre-(T1) and post-treatment(T2) digital models were created. A total of 14 landmarks were digitized and GMM was applied. Procrustes analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed. Results: The PC1 resulting from the T2–T1 comparison in the RG g showed statistically significant morphological changes in the posterior region of the upper arch shape, without significant variations in the anterior region. The comparison of the T2–T1 changes in the FG showed an increase in the transverse dimension at the level of the canine and the first deciduous molar widths, with morphological variation in the anterior region due to frontal teeth alignment. Conclusions: The First system induced shape modifications of the upper arch during expansion in contrast to RME. The FG presented an improvement in the maxillary arch shape, while the RG maintained the initial triangular shape.
On Fractional Resource Usage in Subcarrier and Power Allocation for OFDM Networks

In this paper, we consider the downlink subcarrier and power allocation problem with fractional resource usage model for OFDM networks, where the allocated number of resource blocks (RBs) is fractional by time division. The sum transmit power, sum transmit rate and sum energy efficiency problems with fractional resource usage in a single-cell system are investigated. The sum transmit power and sum transmit rate problems are proved convex and the solutions to the KKT conditions are also provided, while sum energy efficiency problem can be solved by the Dinkelbach Method. We propose the fractional resource usage allocation scheme for actual systems and modify the rate demand constraint with scale coefficient for sum transmit power problem in a multi-cell system in previous study. Simulation results show that systems using the fractional resource usage allocation scheme have a good performance for both single-cell and multi-cell cases when the coherent time of the system is large.
Effectiveness of The Audit Program, Integrity and The Government Internal Control System on Prevention of Fraud in The Procurement of Goods and Services

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the effectiveness of probity audit, integrity, and the government's internal control system (SPIP) affects fraud in the procurement of goods and services in Serang district. This research uses quantitative methods. The sampling technique uses cluster sampling. The population in this study was a whole local government organization with a total of 27 and each OPD was given 5 questionnaires. The analysis method used in this study is the coefficient of determination method. The data processing process uses SmartPLS software version 3. The type of data used in this study is primary data. Path analysis and bootstrapping technique were used to test the hypothesis. The results of this study show that the effectiveness of the audit probity and the government's internal control system had a positive and significant effect on the prevention of fraud in the procurement of goods and services while for integrity it had no effect and was significant on the prevention of fraud in the procurement of goods and services.
Coordination Control of a Dual-Arm Exoskeleton Robot Using Human Impedance Transfer Skills

This paper has developed a coordination control method for a dual-arm exoskeleton robot based on human impedance transfer skills, where the left (master) robot arm extracts the human limb impedance stiffness and position profiles, and then transfers the information to the right (slave) arm of the exoskeleton. A computationally efficient model of the arm endpoint stiffness behavior is developed and a co-contraction index is defined using muscular activities of a dominant antagonistic muscle pair. A reference command consisting of the stiffness and position profiles of the operator is computed and realized by one robot in real-time. Considering the dynamics uncertainties of the robotic exoskeleton, an adaptive-robust impedance controller in task space is proposed to drive the slave arm tracking the desired trajectories with convergent errors. To verify the robustness of the developed approach, a study of combining adaptive control and human impedance transfer control under the presence of unknown interactive forces is conducted. The experimental results of this paper suggest that the proposed control method enables the subjects to execute a coordination control task on a dual-arm exoskeleton robot by transferring the stiffness from the human arm to the slave robot arm, which turns out to be effective.
Institutional distance and Chinese investment efficiency in Africa: a stochastic frontier analysis

PurposeThis study aims to analyse the efficiency effects of institutional distance on Chinese outward foreign direct investment (FDI) in Africa.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilised the true fixed-effect stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) model. Data from 2003 to 2016 (14 years) were acquired from 42 targeted African countries, which are included in the analysis.FindingsThe results reveal that FDI flow efficiency can be maximised with a high institutional distance between China and African countries. Contrariwise, comparable institutional distance, measured by the rule of law, regulatory quality and government effectiveness between the host and home countries, reflected a significant positive impact for Chinese outward foreign direct investment (OFDIs), indicating Chinese MNEs can invest directly in a country with comparable institutional characteristics.Originality/valueThere have been limited exceptional studies that assessed the effect of institutional distance between emerging countries. However, none of these studies investigated the effect of institutional distance between China and Africa at a national level. Using the advantage of the SFA model, this study assesses the efficiency effects of institutional distance between the host and home country.
Genetic Analysis of a Large-Scale Phaeocystis globosa Bloom Offshore Qingdao, China

A sudden large-scale bloom event of the haptophyte Phaeocystis globosa that lasted over one month in the winter of 2021 was observed offshore Qingdao, China. This P. globosa bloom event was unusual as it was the first P. globosa bloom recorded in Qingdao offshore. Furthermore, the temperature at which this event occurred was much lower than that of previous P. globosa blooms in China. We hypothesize that the P. globosa strains that drove the development of this bloom offshore Qingdao were genetically unique and have a competitive advantage in the environmental conditions. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed P. globosa genetic diversity and the temporal dynamics of the bloom, using the high-resolution molecular markers pgcp1 and cox1 that we developed recently. The analysis revealed that the genetic compositions of P. globosa offshore Qingdao were rather limited, containing two dominant genotypes and other rare genotypes with low abundance, representing a small portion of the genetic diversities identified in coastal waters in China, and were rather different from the P. globosa genotypes outside of the Jiaozhou Bay before the P. globosa bloom in the winter of 2021. This suggested only certain strains contribute to the development of blooms under certain environmental conditions. The genetic composition may indicate the unusual timing and scale of this P. globosa event.
Learning to Detect Deceptive Opinion Spam: A Survey

With the development of e-commerce, more and more users begin to post reviews or comments about the quality of products on the internet. Meanwhile, people usually read previous reviews before purchasing online products. However, people are frequently deceived by deceptive opinion spam, which is usually used for promoting the products or damaging their reputations because of economic benefit. Deceptive opinion spam can mislead people’s purchase behavior, so the techniques of detecting deceptive opinion spam have extensively been researched in past ten years. In particular, some work based on deep learning has been investigated in last three years for the task. However, there still lack a survey, which can systematically analyze and summarize the previous techniques. To address this issue, this paper first introduces the task of deceptive opinion spam detection. Then, we summarize the existing dataset resources and their construction methods. Third, existing methods are analyzed from two aspects: traditional statistical methods and neural network models. Finally, we give some future directions of the task.
Semi-supervised Fuzzy c -Means Clustering for Data with Clusterwise Tolerance with Pairwise Constraints

Recently, semi-supervised clustering has been remarked and discussed in many research fields. In semisupervised clustering, pairwise constraints such as must-link and cannot-link are often introduced to improve clustering results or properties. In this paper, we will propose a new semisupervised fuzzy c-means clustering for data with clusterwise tolerance with pairwise constraints. First, the concept of clusterwise tolerance and pairwise constraints are introduced. Second, the optimization problem of fuzzy c-means clustering for data with clusterwise tolerance with pairwise constraints is formulated. Third, a new clustering algorithm is constructed based on the above mathematical discussions. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed algorithm is verified through numerical examples. Keywords-fuzzy c-means clustering, semi-supervised clustering, clusterwise tolerance, pairwise constraints.
Modelling of avoidance of food additives: a cross country study

Abstract Food additives are strictly regulated and from technological point of view are useful ingredients. However, due to negative media news seeking for sensation, and sometimes irresponsible producer behaviour, utilisation of food additives generates consumer aversion, thus shopping rejection. The present study examines the factors that influence consumers’ motives and attitudes towards the avoidance of food additives. On the basis of a questionnaire survey, a theoretical model was developed and applied by path analysis in three European countries (Hungary, Romania and Spain), respectively. Results suggested that even though the avoidance of food additives (action) can be modelled identically, it can be influenced by different measures based on the country’s specific features. For the grounding of the shopping decisions towards the avoidance of food additives, it is important to decrease the perceived risk, to improve consumers’ knowledge, as well as to take into consideration the peculiarities of the concerned countries.
Array Element Selection Strategies for Interference Suppression in Reconfigurable Tripole Antenna Array Systems

Compared with the scalar array, the polarization-sensitive array (PSA) possesses a more powerful anti-jamming ability in adaptive array processing. However, each antenna of the traditional PSA requires two or more radiofrequency (RF) front-ends, which results in proliferation in computational complexity and even configuration redundancy that has little impact on performance. Besides, the RF front-end is much more expensive than the antenna, making the cost extremely high when considering a large PSA. Therefore, it is essential to search for a PSA reconfiguration approach that utilizes fewer RF front-ends and can generate excellent interference rejection performance. In this work, we devise a new PSA reconfiguration strategy, termed dipole selection, to employ fewer dipoles and RF front-ends to acquire a high signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). And the strategy is implemented by controlling the RF switch between the RF front-end and the dipole. The polarization-spatial correlation coefficient (PSCC), characterizing the difference between desired signal and interference in the polarization-spatial domain, is proposed to analyze the effect of PSA reconfiguration on anti-interference performance. Subsequently, the problem of dipole selection is addressed with two proposed methods, named Quadratic-Over-Linear Fraction (QOLF) and Correlation Measurement Elimination (CME), respectively. Numerical and experimental simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed strategy and approaches.
Millimeter Wave Channel Measurements and Modelling in an Indoor Hotspot Scenario at 28 GHz

Millimeter-wave channel models are fundamental for evaluating the performance of technologies for 5G. In this paper, we present two kinds of millimeter-wave channel measurements, fixed point measurements and virtual measurements, in an indoor open office. A correlation sounder with a bandwidth of 600 MHz is used to carry out these measurements. Then, channel parameters, e.g., the path loss, shadow fading, root mean square (RMS) delay spread (DS), K-factor, delay-cluster number and angular spread, are extracted and modelled. These extracted models will enable the generation of an impulse response for the indoor hotspot environment. Differences between our measurement-based channel model parameters and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) channel model are discussed. The impact of differences on capacity are investigated by simulations. We find that the ITU channel model is optimistic about capacity. These results can help researchers to use millimeter-wave channel models for indoor office scenarios when evaluating 5G performance.
Research on the Emotional Evolution Mechanism of Network Public Opinion Based on an Information Ecosystem

As an important carrier of public emotion expression, public opinion spreads on a large scale with the continuous upgrading of social networks, and effectively controlling the spreading process of public opinion is an essential topic of contemporary social research. In view of the competition between positive and negative information in the process of public opinion dissemination, this paper introduces the theory of emotional infection and proposes a network public opinion communication model based on emotional contagion, considering the reinforcement effect of different individual mentalities and the influence of government intervention. Based on the data from the COVID-19 epidemic situation, MATLAB simulation technology is used to verify the validity of the model, and the effect of strengthening the validity and government intervention on public opinion control is discussed. According to the experiment, three conclusions have been come up with. First, a positive reinforcement effect can enhance the ignorant participants’ ability to maintain the same emotion as the infected information. When positive information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, it will positively strengthen the ability of people with a positive mentality to maintain positive emotions, which is significantly beneficial to public opinion control. Its essence is to increase the effect of positive information’s belief factor on the dynamic infection rate. When negative information repeatedly stimulates an ignorant person, it will positively strengthen the ability of the person with a negative attitude to maintain negative emotion, which is not conducive to public opinion control. Second, a negative reinforcement effect will strengthen the ignorant ability to change the same emotion as the infected information. When negative information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, the negative reinforcement effect will strengthen the positive people’s ability to change negative information into positive emotion, which is significantly beneficial to public opinion control. Its essence is to increase the effect of suspicion factor on the dynamic immunization rate. It will strengthen the positive mentality and negative mentality into the path of immunization, which is beneficial to epidemic control. When positive information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, it will negatively strengthen the ability of the negative mentality to change the positive information into negative emotions, which is not beneficial to the control of public opinion. It will be harmful to strengthen the path of positive and negative mentality into immunization, which is beneficial to epidemic control. Third, the earlier the government intervenes in public opinion, the better it will be. The essence of intervention is to decrease the dynamic incitement rate.
Tumor-associated Macrophages as Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers for Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Stage II Colon Cancer

Purpose: For stage II colon cancer, the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy remains controversial. It is well known that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important in tumor progression. In this study, TAMs were investigated as prognostic and predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer after radical resection. Experimental Design: This study enrolled two independent cohorts of consecutive patients from one medical center with pathologic stage II colon cancer after radical resections. Macrophages were detected using IHC staining of CD68 and CD206. Infiltration densities of CD68+ TAMs, CD206+ TAMs, and ratio of CD206+ TAMs/CD68+ TAMs (CD206/CD68 ratio) were calculated as prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Results: The primary and validation cohorts consisted of 521 and 314 patients, respectively. In both cohorts, high CD206/CD68 ratio was significantly associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). As an independent risk factor, CD206/CD68 ratio also had significantly better prognostic efficacy than CD68+ TAM density, CD206+ TAM density, and traditional clinicopathologic high-risk factors. Moreover, adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved DFS and OS for patients with high CD206/CD68 ratio but not for those with low CD206/CD68 ratio. The interaction analyses were also significant for DFS. In subgroup analysis, CD206/CD68 ratio was still a significant predictor for adjuvant chemotherapy for patients in traditional high-risk group of recurrence (significant interaction for DFS). Conclusions: For stage II colon cancer, CD206/CD68 ratio is a better prognostic and predictive biomarker for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Together with clinicopathologic high-risk factors, it will aid in precision treatment.
Effect of pre-harvest application of chemicals and pesticide on fruit ripening in mango ( Mangifera indica L.) under ambient conditions

The pre-harvest study was conducted in an experimental orchard and post-harvest laboratory of the department of Horticulture during 2013–14 with a view to investigate the effect of chemicals and pesticide application on ripening of mango under ambient condition. The maximum delay in ripening was observed with 200ppm Silver nitrate + 0.1% Carbendazim (3.34 days) followed by Silver nitrate (100ppm) + Carbendazim (0.1%). The findings of the present study also reflected maximum delay in ripening with pre-harvest application of silver nitrate. However, post-harvest quality of fruits declined with the treatment. The delay in ripening caused by Silver nitrate may be an important factor for poor fruit quality.
Spiritual Well-Being among Women with Breast Cancer: A Scoping Review

Breast cancer-diagnosed women frequently use their spirituality as a way of coping to overcome difficulties. This study was conducted to determine the spiritual wellbeing among women diagnosed with breast cancer. A scoping review was conducted including the publication of various methodologies. Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases published between 2016-2021, written in English, and peer-reviewed. This was acquired via Boolean searching for “breast cancer OR breast neoplasm OR breast carcinoma or breast tumo* OR breast malignanc* AND spiritual wellbeing OR spiritual wellness OR spirituality”. Fourteen publications met the inclusion criteria. It is shown that the spiritual concepts among women with breast cancer influence how they deal with difficulties and provide meaning, as well as giving them a sense of purpose and self-efficacy by generating a good mental environment. The awareness and contemplation of the role of health professionals, particularly nurses, and their dedication to caring for and being near to the patient in a polite and dignified manner, establishing an en-vironment of empathy, are necessary.