Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Macroeconomic Theory and Macroeconomic Pedagogy – A review of the book edited by and

As Claudio Sardoni in this issue points out, Giuseppe Fontana and Mark Setterfi eld (2009) have edited a very interesting volume. Given the vast amounts of macroeconomic literature published since Hick’s invention of the IS-LM model and the still existing predominance of this model in many undergraduate textbooks, it is clearly time for new approaches to teaching macroeconomics. Th e fi rst part of the volume deals with »3-equation New Consensus Macroeconomic Models«. According to the editors’ (and authors’) stated intention, in this section, they want to present the New Consensus Model in a way accessible to undergraduate students and as an alternative to the IS-LM textbook model. Part II wants to add »endogenous money theory« to the New Consensus Model, Part III makes amendments for fi nancial fragility and unemployment hysteresis and Part IV gives some alternative views on stabilization policies. Th e problem with this book (and especially in the fi rst, but also the second and third part) is that it uses a rather peculiar interpretation of what the New Consensus is. At least the contributors who are not clearly rooted in the mainstream, that is Wendy Carlin, David Soskice, Roberto Tamborini and Philip Arestis start from a baseline model which is not really a New Consensus model.1 Exemplarily, Carlin and Soskice (as well as Sardoni in this issue for explaining his comments) use a model with three macroeconomic equations:
Synthesizing framework models for symbolic execution

Symbolic execution is a powerful program analysis technique, but it is difficult to apply to programs built using frameworks such as Swing and Android, because the framework code itself is hard to symbolically execute. The standard solution is to manually create a framework model that can be symbolically executed, but developing and maintaining a model is difficult and error-prone. In this paper, we present Pasket, a new system that takes a first step toward automatically generating Java framework models to support symbolic execution. Pasket’s focus is on creating models by instantiating design patterns. Pasket takes as input class, method, and type information from the framework API, together with tutorial programs that exercise the framework. From these artifacts and Pasket’s internal knowledge of design patterns, Pasket synthesizes a framework model whose behavior on the tutorial programs matches that of the original framework. We evaluated Pasket by synthesizing models for subsets of Swing and Android. Our results show that the models derived by Pasket are sufficient to allow us to use off-the-shelf symbolic execution tools to analyze Java programs that rely on frameworks.
COMPARISON OF SILO TYPES ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL QUALITY OF SILAGE MADE FROM MAIZE , SORGHUM AND OATS FODDERS

The objective of current study was to investigate the effects of trench, bunker and plastic bag silos on chemical and physical characteristics of silages made from three cereal fodders i.e. maize, sorghum and oats in subtropical conditions. Each fodder was harvested at 30-35% dry matter (DM) and ensiled in the said three silo types. The results revealed that trench silo had significantly (P<0.05) highest sensory score (smell, color and structure) followed by bunker and bag silo for each cereal silage. The sensory score for maize (12.99, 12.09 and 10.96), sorghum (11.17, 12.72, and 10.28) and oat silages (12.55, 13.27 and 11.47) corresponding to trench, bunker and bag silos, respectively. The lowest pH values were observed in trench followed by bunker and bag silos, in maize (3.61, 3.65 and 3.81), sorghum (3.71, 3.81 and 3.89) and oat silage (3.82, 3.87 and 3.93), respectively. However, the DM and crude protein (CP) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in trench followed by bunker and bag silos. In-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) also varied significantly (P<0.05) among silo types. The higher IVDMD% for maize (65.83, 64.53 and 63.00), sorghum (62.23, 60.43 and 58.00) and oats (59.60, 58.6 and 57.16) silages were observed in trench followed by bunker and bag silo, respectively. The current findings revealed that silage quality was highest in trench silo for cereal fodders in subtropical conditions.
Capacity Achieving Quantizer Design for Binary Channels

We consider a communication channel with a binary input <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$X$ </tex-math></inline-formula> being distorted by an arbitrary continuous-valued noise which results in a continuous-valued signal <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Y$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at the receiver. A quantizer <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is used to quantize <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Y$ </tex-math></inline-formula> back to a binary output <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Z$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Our goal is to determine the optimal quantizer <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q^{*}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the corresponding input probability mass function <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {p}_{X}^{*}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> that achieve the capacity. We present a new lower bound and a new upper bound on the capacity in terms of quantization parameters and the structure of the associated channel matrix. Based on these theoretical results, we propose an efficient algorithm for finding the optimal quantizer.
Ef fi cacy of self-administered treatments for pathological academic worry : A randomized controlled trial

Research on treatments for reducing pathological worry is limited. In particular, academic worry is a common theme in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) samples as well as non-clinical student samples. Given the high cost of anxiety disorders to society, research is needed to examine the efficacy of selfadministered treatments designed to reduce pathological worry. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the benefits of three self-administered interventions for reducing academic worry. College students (N 1⁄4 113) experiencing clinically significant academic worry were randomized to either: (a) worry exposure (WE); (b) expressive writing (EW); (c) relaxation consisting of pulsed audio-photic stimulation (APS); or (d)waitlist control (WLC). Participantswere instructed to practice their interventions three times per week for one month and completed home practice logs online to track treatment adherence. Academic worry, general anxiety, and perceived stress were assessed at baseline and posttreatment. Academic worry and general anxiety were also assessed at a three-month follow-up. Those assigned to the WE and APS conditions showed significant improvement relative to EW and WLC at post-treatment. All treatment conditions showed continued improvement by follow-up, with no betweengroup differences. Treatment and public health implications are discussed. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) affects approximately 6% of the general US population and is associated with significant impairment in role and social functioning (Kessler, DuPont, Burglund, & Wittchen, 1999; Wittchen, Carter, & Pfister, 2000), high rates of medical and psychiatric comorbidity (McWilliams, Goodwin, & Cox, 1997; Kennedy & Schwab, 1997; Swendsen, Merikangas, & Canino, 1998), and increased rates of health care utilization (Barrett, Barrett, & Oxman, 1988; Wittchen & Hoyer, 2001). GAD ranks as the most common mental disorder seen in primary care settings e two times the prevalence rate in primary care compared tomajor depression (Wittchen, 2002). Unfortunately, only 28% of GAD patients seen in primary care facilities are correctly diagnosed by their primary care physicians, and these patients are rarely treated with empirically supported treatments for GAD (Wittchen & Hoyer, 2001). These data point to the need for brief cost-effective interventions that could be transported to primary care settings (Telch, Smits, Brown, & Beckner, 2002).
A spatial perspective on the Nordic fertility decline: the role of economic and social uncertainty in fertility trends

-Since 2010, some of the Nordic countries have experienced fertility declines down to unprecedented levels. Fertility decline in the Nordic countries was unexpected for most experts, considering that these countries were not heavily affected by the 2008 economic recession which was related to fertility declines in other European countries. Researchers have sought to understand why fertility is declining in these countries but have so far paid little attention to the spatial dimension of this process, despite evidence of large spatial variation of fertility. This paper contributes new understanding to the role of space in Nordic fertility changa and how the uncertainty perspective is related to spatial patterns of fertility. We apply advanced spatial panel models to data covering 1,099 municipalities in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden to separate out spatial variation and temporal variation. Our models use both economic (employment, income) and social (partnership dissolution, voting) measures of uncertainty to explore how uncertainty is related to fertility. Results show that fertility levels and trends by age vary substantially by level of urbanization. Differences in uncertainty by age appear essential to spatial variation – while social contexts are related to variation at all ages, economic measures are more related to fertility under age thirty than over age thirty. In addition, stability in fertility over age thirty seems to be an important buffer for the overall rate of total fertility decline, especially in rural municipalities.
Reducing the cost of shadowing-based adjoint sensitivity analysis for turbulent flows

Adjoint-based sensitivity analysis methods are powerful tools for engineers who use flow simulations for design. However, the conventional adjoint method breaks down for scale-resolving simulations such as large-eddy simulation (LES) or direct numerical simulation (DNS), which exhibit the chaotic dynamics inherent in turbulent flows. Sensitivity analysis based on least-squares shadowing (LSS) avoids the issues encountered by conventional methods, but has a high computational cost. This report analyzes some properties of one approach, non-intrusive LSS (NILSS), and discusses the implications for computational cost reductions of the approach. We find that there are opportunities to considerably reduce the cost of NILSS, but simple linear dimension reduction will not suffice.
Event-driven Data Mining Techniques for Automotive Fault Diagnosis

The increasing sophistication of electronics in vehicular systems is providing the necessary information to perform data-driven diagnostics. Specifically, the advances in automobiles enable periodic acquisition of data from telematics services and the associated dealer diagnostic data from vehicles; this requires a data-driven framework that can detect component degradations and isolate the root causes of failures. The event-driven data consists of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and the concomitant parameter identifiers (PIDs) collected from various sensors, customer complaints (CCs), and labor codes (LCs) associated with the repair. In this paper, we discuss a systematic data-driven diagnostic framework featuring data pre-processing, data visualization, clustering, classification, and fusion techniques and apply it to field failure datasets. The results demonstrated that the support vector machine (SVM) classifier with DTCs and customer complaints as features provides the best accuracy (74.3%) compared to any other classifier and that a tree-structured classifier with SVM as the base classifier at each node achieves approximately 75.2% diagnostic accuracy.
ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC CONFLICTS AND COLLISIONS

Parameters intrinsic to the sequence of events leading to vehicle collisions and traffic conflicts are investigated in an attempt to develop a more practical and reliable application of the traffic conflicts technique. Sequences of collisions and conflict events were videotaped and are analyzed in detail. Preliminary investigations reveal that using the common method of brake application is not adequate for describing conflict. As a result, seven methods of defining a conflict situation are introduced and evaluated. It is concluded that at least two of the proposed methods will provide a practical investigative tool that explains accident occurrence better than brake application. /Author/
endothelial cell junctions Angiopoietin 2 regulates the transformation and integrity of lymphatic Material Supplemental

Material Supplemental http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/suppl/2014/07/16/28.14. 1592.DC1. html References http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/28/14/1592.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 45 articles, 14 of which can be accessed free at: License Commons Creative . http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ at Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described ). After six months, it is available under a http://genesdev.cshlp. org/site/misc/terms.xhtml six months after the full-issue publication date (see This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first
Methods and Test Cases for Linking Physics-Based Earthquake and Tsunami Models

E. H. Madden, M. Bader, J. Behrens, Y. van Dinther, A. -A. Gabriel, L. Rannabauer, T. Ulrich, C. Uphoff, S. Vater, S. Wollherr, I. van Zelst 1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany 2 Observatório Sismológico, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brası́lia, Brası́lia, Brazil 3 Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany 4 Numerical Methods in Geosciences, Department of Mathematics/CEN, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 5 Seismology and Wave Physics, Institute of Geophysics, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland 6 Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
gBF: A Fully Bayes Factor with a Generalized g-prior

For the normal linear model variable selection problem, we propose selection criteria based on a fully Bayes formulation with a generalization of Zellner’s g-prior which allows for p > n. A special case of the prior formulation is seen to yield tractable closed forms for marginal densities and Bayes factors which reveal new model characteristics of potential interest. AMS 2000 subject classifications: Primary 62F07, 62F15; secondary 62C10.
Effect of LASER on the Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles with Reference to Geometries

Problem Statement: In the current study the effort was being made to investigate the effect of LASER light on the shape and geometries of Gold Nanoparticles. Light is an important parameter that plays significant role in the formation of nanoparticles; in this study LASER lights of selected wavelengths and colors have been used for the exposure of Gold Nanoparticles. The possibilities to manipulate the geometries of Gold Nanoparticles by altering the colors and wavelengths of LASER have been studied with reference to their efficacy against Culex quinquefasciatus. Approach: In the experimental setup four black boxes are used with no exposure to light sources. Three LASER with selected wavelengths and colors were fixed in the boxes at a specific angle, and then the nanoparticle solution was allowed to react. The micrographs of the Gold nanoparticles have been evaluated through the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Results: The TEM images have shown formation of different shapes of nanoparticles due to exposure in different colors and wavelengths of LASER. Thus it explains that the wavelength and colour of the light plays a decisive role in the formation of the shapes and geometries of the nanoparticles.
Characterization of doped GaInP nanowires for photovoltaics

The interest in renewable energy sources has increased recently, which has resulted in increasing research in solar energy as an environmentally friendly way to obtain electricity due to a rising energy consumption and an arising environmental awareness. Direct harvesting of solar energy to electricity is called photovoltaics, where III-V semiconductors nanowires can be used to fabricate multijunction solar cells with promise to deliver high efficiency at low cost. The division of Solid State Physics at Lund University has been working during the last few years on a project for the fabrication of a tandem p-n junction solar cell. In this thesis project, doped nanowires of GaInP have been investigated and evaluated with optical and electrical measurements, with the aim to create high-bandgap p-n junctions. Electrical measurements show that both p- and n-doping can be achieved. Nanowires with p-i-n doping show excellent rectification with reasonably low ideality factors, and generate a clear photocurrent under illumination. Under forward bias, the p-i-n devices give yellow electroluminescence in agreement with photoluminescence experiments.
Sub-Wavelength Scale Si Inverted Pyramid Fabrication with Enhanced Size Control by Using Silica Sphere Lithography Technique

In this paper, we present a novel silicon (Si) subwavelength-scale surface structure (SWSS) fabrication process using the silica sphere (SS) lithography technique, which allows controllable geometries. The process involves a new cost-effective solvent-controlled spin-coating method that deposits SS on large Si surface areas with enhanced SS monolayer coverage and uniformity compared to conventional methods. The larger areas and rapid, low cost processing allow colloidal sphere lithography to be realistically used for solar cells. We successfully demonstrate 1.57 μm diameter SS on a 2-inch round Si wafer with more than 95% SS monolayer coverage and great uniformity. Using these deposited SS, a SWSS fabrication process was designed and successfully demonstrated Si inverted pyramid structures with dimension on the order of 1.1 μm, thus potentially providing a new technique for effective light-management of thin crystalline Si solar cells.
DRIED CHICORY PULP AS FIBRE SOURCE IN FATTENING RABBIT DIETS

One-hundred-ninety-two hybrid weanlings of 32 days were fed one of 4 iso-energetic (9.65 MJ/kg) and iso-nitrogeneous (16.4% CP) diets: a low dietary digestible fibre content (Control diet), a high digestible fibre diet (Beet pulp diet) and 2 diets with chicory pulp (CP). Chicory pulp was introduced (10 and 20%) in the fattening diet mainly at the expense of beet pulp, as an alternative source of soluble fibre. Each dietary treatment consisted of 12 replicates of 4 rabbits. Weight gain was high (average of 54g/day) and comparable for the CP diets, control and the beet pulp diet. However, feed conversion ratio was improved with the diet containing 20% chicory pulp compared to the control diet. Mortality was low and not influenced by the dietary treatment. It is concluded that chicory pulp is a good alternative digestible fibre source in balanced diets for rabbits and can be used at least till 20%.
Performance variation of lodgepole pine provenances

Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) has been extensively introduced in Scandinavia on less productive sites. Under a changing climate, it also has a high potential in the eastern Baltic region; still, its performance there has scarcely been reported. This study investigated the performance of 36 Canadian provenances in 14 trials in western Latvia. Tree dimensions showed notable provenance and provenance-by-environment variation, implying that local selection by provenance can be applied for improved yield. Southern provenances showed the best height growth, while southwestern (more oceanic) provenances excelled in diameter growth. Most of the quality traits were affected by provenance or provenance-by-environment interaction, yet the variation was lower than for the growth traits.
Isolation of SFRS 3 gene and its differential expression during metamorphosis involving eye migration of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Both eyes of flatfishes are located on one side of the body due to asymmetrical eye migration. The molecular mechanisms underlying such asymmetry is poorly understood. As an initial step, we have adopted suppression subtractive hybridization for the identification of upregulated genes during metamorphosis involving eye migration in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olicaceus. One of the upregulated genes was identified as the splicing factor arginine/serine rich-3 (SFRS3). Sequence analysis of SFRS3 revealed that it encodes a protein of 168 amino acids containing the typical eukaryotic RNA recognition motif (RRM) and an arginine/serine-rich region. The overall amino acid sequences of the Japanese flounder SFRS3 was highly conserved with that of other organisms. The expression of flounder SFRS3 gene increased sharply from the beginning of metamorphosis and reached a high level of expression at stage H of metamorphosis 43 days after hatching. The SFRS3 gene upregulation was mainly limited to the head region, particularly in the rapidly proliferative tissues, the lateral ethmoid and ‘‘skin thickness’’ on blind side, which are thought as two proliferative tissues to push the eye movement. In spite of the upregulated expression of SFRS3 during metamorphosis, its role in metamorphosis involving eye migration requires further studies. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reseved.
1 Asymmetry , Uncertainty and International Trade

This paper studies the role of economic policy uncertainty on the US trade with Canada, China, Germany, Japan and the United Kingdom. This paper contributes to the literature by analysing the asymmetric impact of policy uncertainty on the US trade from December 1989 to December 2016. Results suggest that there is a negative relationship between the economic policy uncertainty and the US trade flows. Further, US trade responds more sensitively to rise in the uncertainty as compared to an equal negative shock, confirming the asymmetric hypothesis both in the short and long run. Comparing the respective uncertainty indices, US EPU has a significantly greater impact on the trade relative to the EPU of its trading partners. These findings have both demand and supply side implications i.e. increase in the economic policy uncertainty can reduce the aggregate consumption significant as well as due to uncertain profit margins, businesses can choose to delay long term investment projects and inventory levels resulting in a wide spread recessionary effect on the US business cycle.