Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tim-3 is a Marker of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Dysfunction during HIV Infection and Is Associated with the Recruitment of IRF7 and p85 into Lysosomes and with the Submembrane Displacement of TLR9

In chronic diseases, such as HIV infection, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are rendered dysfunctional, as measured by their decreased capacity to produce IFN-α. In this study, we identified elevated levels of T cell Ig and mucin-domain containing molecule-3 (Tim-3)–expressing pDCs in the blood of HIV-infected donors. The frequency of Tim-3–expressing pDCs correlated inversely with CD4 T cell counts and positively with HIV viral loads. A lower frequency of pDCs expressing Tim-3 produced IFN-α or TNF-α in response to the TLR7 agonists imiquimod and Sendai virus and to the TLR9 agonist CpG. Thus, Tim-3 may serve as a biomarker of pDC dysfunction in HIV infection. The source and function of Tim-3 was investigated on enriched pDC populations from donors not infected with HIV. Tim-3 induction was achieved in response to viral and artificial stimuli, as well as exogenous IFN-α, and was PI3K dependent. Potent pDC-activating stimuli, such as CpG, imiquimod, and Sendai virus, induced the most Tim-3 expression and subsequent dysfunction. Small interfering RNA knockdown of Tim-3 increased IFN-α secretion in response to activation. Intracellular Tim-3, as measured by confocal microscopy, was dispersed throughout the cytoplasm prior to activation. Postactivation, Tim-3 accumulated at the plasma membrane and associated with disrupted TLR9 at the submembrane. Tim-3–expressing pDCs had reduced IRF7 levels. Furthermore, intracellular Tim-3 colocalized with p85 and IRF7 within LAMP1+ lysosomes, suggestive of a role in degradation. We conclude that Tim-3 is a biomarker of dysfunctional pDCs and may negatively regulate IFN-α, possibly through interference with TLR signaling and recruitment of IRF7 and p85 into lysosomes, enhancing their degradation.
An asymmetric protocol for digital cellular communications

Describes the design, validation, implementation and performance of an asymmetric link-layer protocol for a wireless link. The motivation for designing a new link-layer protocol is to obtain better performance in terms of end-to-end throughput and latency by correcting errors in an unreliable wireless link in addition to end-to-end correction rather than by correcting errors only by end-to-end retransmissions. The protocol described concentrates on asymmetry, although the concept of adaptive forward error correction is briefly introduced. The protocol also supports mobility. The asymmetry is needed in the design because the wireless terminals have limited power and smaller processing capability than the base stations. The key ideas in the design consist of placing the bulk of the intelligence in the base station as opposed to placing it symmetrically, in requiring the wireless terminal to combine several acknowledgments into a single acknowledgment to conserve power, and in designing the base stations to send periodic status messages, while making the acknowledgment from the wireless terminal event driven. The asymmetry in the protocol design results in a one-third reduction of the compiled code and a two-thirds reduction of processing overhead in the wireless terminal. Some performance results are also presented.
Performance of ionospheric maps in support of long baseline GNSS kinematic positioning at low latitudes

Ionospheric scintillation occurs mainly at high and low latitude regions of the Earth and may impose serious degradation on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) functionality. The Brazilian territory sits on one of the most affected areas of the globe, where the ionosphere behaves very unpredictably, with strong scintillation frequently occurring in the local postsunset hours. The correlation between scintillation occurrence and sharp variations in the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in Brazil is demonstrated in Spogli et al. (2013). The compounded effect of these associated ionospheric disturbances on long baseline GNSS kinematic positioning is studied in this paper, in particular when ionospheric maps are used to aid the positioning solution. The experiments have been conducted using data from GNSS reference stations in Brazil. The use of a regional TEC map generated under the CALIBRA (Countering GNSS high‐Accuracy applications Limitations due to Ionospheric disturbances in BRAzil) project, referred to as CALIBRA TEC map (CTM), was compared to the use of the Global Ionosphere Map (GIM), provided by the International GNSS Service (IGS). Results show that the use of the CTM greatly improves the kinematic positioning solution as compared with that using the GIM, especially under disturbed ionospheric conditions. Additionally, different hypotheses were tested regarding the precision of the TEC values obtained from ionospheric maps, and its effect on the long baseline kinematic solution evaluated. Finally, this study compares two interpolation methods for ionospheric maps, namely, the Inverse Distance Weight and the Natural Neighbor.
Multiple pulmonary artery aneurysms in tuberous sclerosis complex

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by multiple hamartomas, caused by inactivating mutations of the TSC1/TSC2 tumour suppressor genes. Classical pulmonary involvement in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) consists of lymphangioleiomyomatosis and/or multiple micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia (MMPH). Association of TSC with pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) has been only exceptionally described. We report here the first case of TSC with multiple PAA in combination with MMPH, cardiac rhabdomyomas and bone, skin and brain involvement.
An integrated optimization model for generation and batch production load scheduling in energy intensive enterprise

Reducing electricity cost is important for energy intensive enterprises (EIEs) with self generation power plant, like iron and steel plants. Such an EIE integrates power generation, power consumption and energy storage into a unified whole, and become an enterprise microgrid. Recent methods considering only load scheduling or only power generation scheduling cannot get the minimum total electricity cost. In this paper, an integrated optimization model for generation and batch production load scheduling in EIE is researched to get the minimum electricity cost, without violating constraints of production process. Linearization techniques are utilized to duel with nonlinear factors of the model. Then, mixed integer linear programming (MILP) is used for model solution. The case study of an iron and steel plant shows that the model is effective under a time-of-use (TOU) tariff implemented by the utility.
Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students’ Through-the-Air English Skills: A Review of Formal Assessments

Strong correlations exist between signed and/or spoken English and the literacy skills of deaf and hard of hearing students. Assessments that are both valid and reliable are key for researchers and practitioners investigating the signed and/or spoken English skills of signing populations. The authors conducted a literature review to explore which tests researchers are currently using, how they administer the tests, and how reliability and validity are maintained. It was found that, overall, researchers working with this population use the same tests of English employed by practitioners working with hearing students (i.e., the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test, and Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals). There is a disconnect between what is being used in research with deaf and hard of hearing students and what is being used in practice with them. Implications for practice are discussed.
Transmission Mechanisms of the Public Debt Tack

The first part of this paper presents the empirical IS curve that involves the real anticipated interest rate and ratio of the public debt to GDP. In particular, the empirical finding on a negative debt-elasticity of the aggregate demand opens the possibility of non-Keynesian effects of exogenous changes in the government’s real primary budget surplus, which tends to be apparent in more recent sub-sample periods. In order to consider potential theoretical foundations of the empirical IS curve, a set of different small DSGE models are discussed: Sovereign-risk based channel or Riskpremium (financial friction) based channel, Modified liquidity-effect channel, Market-segmentation (in market for government securities) channel, and Expectations channel. JEL classification: E20; E31; E32; H30; H60
Model studies of THz-range generation by down-conversion in GaSe and GaSeS crystals

Model study of not phase matched and phase matched optical rectification or down-conversion of Ti:Sapphire laser pulses at 950 nm into THz and far-IRrange in pure and S-doped GaSe single crystals is carried out. First, the ordinary and extraordinary wave dispersions of the GaSe refractive indices were measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Measured data were approximated in the form of Sellmeier dispersion equations for 0.62 – 2000 μm range with using available shorter wave data.
Chaos and the continuum limit in the gravitational N-body problem. II. Nonintegrable potentials.

This paper continues a numerical investigation of the statistical properties of "frozen-N orbits," i.e., orbits evolved in frozen, time-independent N-body realizations of smooth density distributions rho corresponding to both integrable and nonintegrable potentials, allowing for 10(2.5)</=N</=10(5.5). The focus is on distinguishing between, and quantifying, the effects of graininess on initial conditions corresponding, in the continuum limit, to regular and chaotic orbits. Ordinary Lyapunov exponents chi do not provide a useful diagnostic for distinguishing between regular and chaotic behavior. Frozen-N orbits corresponding in the continuum limit to both regular and chaotic characteristics have large positive chi even though, for large N, the "regular" frozen-N orbits closely resemble regular characteristics in the smooth potential. Alternatively, viewed macroscopically, both regular and "chaotic" frozen-N orbits diverge as a power law in time from smooth orbits with the same initial condition. However, convergence towards the continuum limit is much slower for chaotic orbits. For regular orbits, the time scale associated with this divergence t(G) approximately N(1/2)t(D), with t(D) a characteristic dynamical, or crossing, time; for chaotic orbits t(G) approximately (ln N)t(D). For N>10(3)-10(4), clear distinctions exist between the phase mixing of initially localized ensembles, which, in the continuum limit, exhibit regular versus chaotic behavior. Regular ensembles evolved in a frozen-N density distribution diverge as a power law in time, albeit more rapidly than ensembles evolved in the smooth distribution. Chaotic ensembles diverge in a fashion that is roughly exponential, albeit at a larger rate than that associated with the exponential divergence of the same ensemble evolved in smooth rho. For both regular and chaotic ensembles, finite-N effects are well mimicked, both qualitatively and quantitatively, by energy-conserving white noise with amplitude eta proportional, variant 1/N. This suggests strongly that earlier investigations of the effects of low amplitude noise on phase space transport in smooth potentials are directly relevant to real physical systems.
Vascular Patterning

The vascular system of the plant is a network of cells that interconnects all major plant organs. A vast body of literature describes both the patterns of vascular development and a variety of experimental approaches to study factors controlling vascular development (for example (Shininger, 1979; Sachs, 1981; Aloni, 1987), however the use of molecular genetic approaches using Arabidopsis is a relatively recent entry. The vast majority of Arabidopsis references cited in this review were published within the last five years, and the significance of this work is reflected by the publication of several recent reviews on vascular development that prominently feature work on Arabidopsis (Nelson and Dengler, 1997; Berleth and Mattsson, 2000; Berleth et al., 2000; Dengler and Kang, 2001; Ye, 2002). In this review, we focus on two major aspect of vein patterning: the apical/basal pattern (found in stems and roots); and the reticulate patterns (found in all broad flat organs) (Figure 1). The vascular system is composed of two tissues, xylem and phloem, which function to transport water and solutes, or sugars, respectively. Each of these tissues is composed of multiple specialized cell types. In comparison to information gained from the zinnia in vitro system for tracheary element differentiation from leaf mesophyll cells (see Fukuda, 1997; Roberts and McCann, 2000) for review), work to date using Arabidopsis has not contributed greatly to our knowledge of vascular cell type differentiation. Consequently, only a brief description of vascular cell types is included (below) It is considered that the molecular genetic analysis of vascular cell type differentiation is likely to be a productive area of future work involving Arabidopsis. Figure 1. Vein Pattern in an Arabidopsis Seedling. A cleared wild type (L.er) 11 day old seedling, photographed using dark-field optics. The tracheary elements refract light, and show up as bright white lines. Note the reticulated patterns of veins in the cotyledons and leaves, and the linear pattern in the hypocotyl and roots.
A FEASIBLE AUGMENTED LAGRANGIAN METHOD FOR NON-LIPSCHITZ NONCONVEX PROGRAMMING

We consider a class of constrained optimization problems where the objective function is a sum of a smooth function and a nonconvex non-Lipschitz function. Many problems in sparse portfolio selection, edge preserving image restoration and signal processing can be modelled in this form. First we propose the concept of the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) stationary condition for the non-Lipschitz problem and show that it is necessary for optimality under a constraint qualification called the relaxed constant rank linear dependence (RCPLD) condition which is weaker than the Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification and holds automatically if all the constraint functions are linear. Then we propose a feasible augmented Lagrangian method (FAL) in which the augmented Lagrangian subproblems is solved by a non-monotone proximal gradient method. In contrast to the classical augmented Lagrangian method which may converge to an infeasible point, our method is guaranteed to converge to a feasible point. Moreover, under the RCPLD condition we show that any accumulation point of the sequence generated by our method is a KKT point of the original problem. Finally we conduct numerical experiments to compare the performance of our FAL method and the interior point (IP) method for solving two sparse portfolio selection models. The numerical results demonstrate that our method is not only comparable to the IP method in terms of solution quality, but also substantially faster than the IP method.
Standardized Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (s_LORETA) is a Sensitive Indicator of Protracted Neuropsychological Impairments Following Ã¢ÂÂMildÃ¢ÂÂ (Concussive) Traumatic Brain Injury

Background: Differentiation of patients who have sustained a mild TBI and who show continued difficulties with adaptation is a major clinical challenge and a time-consuming process when classical neuropsychological testing is involved. LORETA (Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography) was employed to discern its sensitivity for differentiating the regions of the cerebrum for patients who exhibited continued difficulties with adaptation and showed either no or formal neuropsychological impairment years after the injury. Methods: The quantitative electroencephalographic data for total of 14 patients who had sustained a mild TBI and who either displayed moderately-severe neuropsychological impairment (n=7) or did not (n=7) according to the results of a standardized battery were analyzed by s_LORETA software. The centroid Talairach (X,Y,Z) components for each major frequency band that were significantly different between the two populations were computed. Results: Averaged s_LORETAs demonstrated that the group of patients who displayed formal moderate-severe neuropsychological impairments more than five years after the injury displayed differential power values compared to the group of patients who also sustained a TBI but exhibited no formal impairment within regions that were consistent with the residual subjective symptoms. The s_LORETA analyses, including data collection, required less than 1 hr. Conclusion: A 30 minute sample of QEEG data when applied to s_LORETA software can reveal the general regions of the cerebrum that remain anomalous for years after the initial injury. Employment of this technology could be more efficient and provide greater precision for the strategic interventions that could facilitate the patients’ adaptation.
Alternative Modes of Organellar Segregation during Sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ABSTRACT Formation of ascospores in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is driven by an unusual cell division in which daughter nuclei are encapsulated within de novo-formed plasma membranes, termed prospore membranes. Generation of viable spores requires that cytoplasmic organelles also be captured along with nuclei. In mitotic cells segregation of mitochondria into the bud requires a polarized actin cytoskeleton. In contrast, genes involved in actin-mediated transport are not essential for sporulation. Instead, efficient segregation of mitochondria into spores requires Ady3p, a component of a protein coat found at the leading edge of the prospore membrane. Other organelles whose mitotic segregation is promoted by actin, such as the vacuole and the cortical endoplasmic reticulum, are not actively segregated during sporulation but are regenerated within spores. These results reveal that organellar segregation into spores is achieved by mechanisms distinct from those in mitotic cells.
Paradoxical Obesity and Intracranial Aneurysms: A Mini Review

Body mass index above 30 is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and linked to poor prognosis, especially in patients admitted to intensive therapy departments. However, recent reports have indicated that individuals with mild to moderate obesity have favorable outcomes in the survival in coronary heart disease and either in hemorrhagic or ischaemic stroke. The same association has been also encountered in patients who had ruptured intracranial aneurysms. These patients are although obese, they stay metabolically healthy with apparent protection from the disease. More studies are needed to determine its consistent correlation. Obesity, the body mass index or Quetelet index and its correlation intracranial aneurysms were briefly examined in this article.
Effect of training frequency on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in rats

Background Moderate physical activity enhances endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Whether the frequency of exercise affects endothelial function is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various frequencies of training on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Design Male Wistar rats were trained for 8 weeks on a treadmill at various frequencies [1 (Ex1), 3 (Ex3) or 5 days/week (Ex5)] and compared with age-matched sedentary animals (SED). A control group allowed us to assess endothelial function before the exercise protocol. Rings of thoracic aorta were precontracted with phenylephrine. Results Endothelium-independent relaxation elicited by sodium nitroprusside was similar in all groups. The maximal response elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was not different between groups, whereas pD2 values (−logEC50, EC50 being the concentration of ACh that elicited 50% of the maximal response) significantly correlated with frequency of training, nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) reduced the relaxation elicited by 10−7mol/l ACh or higher in control and all trained groups, and by 10−6mol/l ACh or higher in SED group. Indomethacin inhibited the vasodilating response to 10−7mol/l ACh or higher in control, SED and Ex1 groups, and to 10−8mol/l or more in Ex3 and Ex5 animals. Tetraethylammonium attenuated the response to 10−6mol/l ACh or higher in control and SED groups and to 10−7mol/l or more in all trained animals. Conclusion This data suggest that decreased ACh-induced vasorelaxation after physical inactivity may result from impairment of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, prostacyclin and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor pathways. This effect is prevented by training in a frequency-dependent manner.
AHLAKİ KİMLİK ÖLÇEĞİ TÜRKÇE FORMUNUN GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Ahlaki kimlik, ahlaki davranislari tesvik etmesinden ve ahlaki olmayan davranislara engel olmasindan dolayi yabanci alan yazinda bircok alanin arastirma konusu haline gelmistir. Ancak, Turkce alan yazinda bu konuda yapilmis cok az arastirma bulunmaktadir. Bu yuzden, bu arastirmada, Ahlaki Kimlik Olcegi’nin (Aquino ve Reed, 2002) Turkceye uyarlanmasi hedeflenmistir. Bu calisma, bir olcek uyarlama calismasidir. Bu arastirmada, Dicle Universitesi Ziya Gokalp Egitim Fakultesinde ogrenim goren farkli katilimci gruplariyla calisilmistir. Bu calismada Turkceye uyarlanmaya calisilan Ahlaki Kimlik Olcegi ve Etik Davranisi Degerlendirme Olcegi kullanilmistir. Calisma kapsaminda yurutulen Acimlayici ve Dogrulayici Faktor Analizi sonuclarina gore Ahlaki Kimlik Olcegi orijinal formdaki yapisini korumustur. Bu calismadan elde edilen bulgulardan yola cikarak, ahlaki kimlikle ilgili gelecekte yapilacak calismalar icin Ahlaki Kimlik Olcegi’nin Turkce formunun, gecerli ve guvenilir bir olcme araci olarak kullanilabilecegi soylenebilir. Bu dogrultuda, ahlaki kimligin hangi degiskenler acisindan farklilik gosterdigi arastirilabilir. Ayrica ahlaki kimlik ile cesitli sosyo-ahlaki sorunlar ya da olumlu sosyal davranislar arasindaki iliski incelenebilir.
Acculturation Patterns and Depressive Symptoms among Low-income Pregnant

This article examined the relationship between levels of acculturation and depression among pregnant Latina women. Among child bearing Latinas, higher acculturation has been found to be significantly associated with increased mental health problems (Acevado, 2000). The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between acculturation levels and the prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms among pregnant Puerto Rican women. Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted using a sample of 138 pregnant participants who were screened utilizing the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Acculturation indicators used were sociodemographic data such as language preference, language of interview and country of birth. Results Women who scored ≥ 21 (on CES-D) were classified as having moderate to high depressive symptoms. The overall findings suggest that Latina pregnant women who identified themselves as Puerto Rican were more likely to report elevated levels of depression than other Latinas.
Systematic Literature Review and Model for Older Driver Safety

Using the Precede-Proceed Model of Health Promotion (PPMHP) and an etiological systematic literature review, we examined the risk/protective factors of older driver safety in the United States. We described key features of this literature review and developed a structural model illustrating the prevalence of risk/protective factors in the health domain (63%) and in other PPMHP domains (environment 20%; behavior and lifestyle 10%; predisposing 1%; reinforcing 3%, enabling 2%; health education 2%). This model, a first step in synopsizing and quantifying these risk/protective factors, informs rehabilitation professionals of their etiology and prevalence, affords opportunities for multidisciplinary research, and lays the foundation for intervention planning.