Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cytochemical Investigation of the Antagonistic Interaction Between a Microsphaeropsis sp. (Isolate P130A) and Venturia inaequalis.

ABSTRACT In an attempt to better understand the mode of action of the antagonistic fungus Microsphaeropsis sp. , the interaction between this fungus and Venturia inaequalis was studied, using both light and electron microscopy. Cytological observations indicated that the antagonistic interaction between the two fungi likely involves a sequence of events, including (i) attachment and local penetration of Microsphaeropsis sp. into V. inaequalis hyphae; (ii) induction of host structural response at sites of potential antagonist entry; (iii) alteration of host cytoplasm; and (iv) active multiplication of antagonistic cells in pathogen hyphae, leading to host cell breakdown and release of the antagonist. The interaction was investigated further by gold cytochemistry. The use of gold-complexed beta-1,4-exoglucanase and wheat germ agglutinin/ovomucoid-gold complex to localize cellulosic beta-1,4-glucans and chitin monomers, respectively, resulted in regular labeling of V. inaequalis cell walls. This finding supports other studies refuting the classification of ascomycetes as only a glucan-chitin group. At an advanced state of parasitism, the labeling pattern of cellulose and chitin, which clearly showed that the level of integrity of these compounds was affected, suggested the production of cellulolytic and chitinolytic enzymes by Microsphaeropsis sp. Wall appositions formed in V. inaequalis in response to the antagonist's attack contained both cellulose and chitin. However, penetration of this newly formed material frequently succeeded. This study provides the first detailed picture of the cytological events associated with mycoparasitism in V. inaequalis.
A Self-adapting Dual-threshold Method for Video Shot Transition Detection

Video shots are basic physical units of videos and dividing videos into shots is the base of video structurization. In this paper, the dual-compare method is used for reference, and a video shot transition detection method is presented, which is based on self-adapting dual-threshold comparison. In this method, the chi2 histogram is used to compute frame difference, and the self-adapting threshold can be achieved. The problem of flash detection is also solved by the method of projected window. This method is applied in the video shot detection of ball game videos and experiments indicate the method can detect in higher efficiency.
Event study on the Hi-tech listed companies reaction to Pre-tax deduction of enterprise R&D expenses

The implementation of the Pre-tax deduction of enterprise research and development expenses on December 10, 2008 was considered a key event in encouraging enterprises to carry out R&D activities and regulating the implementation of the pre-tax. This paper investigates how stock prices respond to the announcements by using event study. Examining 113 cases of Chinese Hi-tech listed companies from November 26, 2008 to December 24, 2008, the study evaluates the stock price impact before and after the policy was announced, then we find that the announcement of R&D had strongly positive impacts on stock prices, and increase shareholders' wealth and the value of the company around the announcement date.
Incremental Learning of Independent Topic Analysis

—In this paper, we present a method of applying Independent Topic Analysis (ITA) to increasing the number of document data. The number of document data has been increasing since the spread of the Internet. ITA was presented as one method to analyze the document data. ITA is a method for extracting the independent topics from the document data by using the Independent Component Analysis (ICA). ICA is a technique in the signal processing; however, it is difﬁcult to apply the ITA to increasing number of document data. Because ITA must use the all document data so temporal and spatial cost is very high. Therefore, we present Incremental ITA which extracts the independent topics from increasing number of document data. Incremental ITA is a method of updating the independent topics when the document data is added after extracted the independent topics from a just previous the data. In addition, Incremental ITA updates the independent topics when the document data is added. And we show the result applied Incremental ITA to benchmark datasets.
Using Mixed-Integer Programming to Reduce Label Changes in the Coors Aluminum Can Plant

Valley Metal Container (VMC), a joint venture between the Coors Brewing Company and American National Can, operates the world's largest single-site facility for aluminum can production. Located in Golden, Colorado, the plant manufactures over 4 billion cans per year on six production lines. Coors Brewery produces seven products, each requiring a distinct label. We developed an optimization-based decision support system with a spreadsheet user interface that helps VMC planners to determine the weekly can production schedule, aiming to meet brewery demand while minimizing the number of label changes and related costs. VMC has been using the new system since October 1998 and estimates the reduction in direct costs (scrap, labor, and inventory) at over $150,000 per year.
Scalar polarizabilities and avoided crossings of high Rydberg states in Rb.

Two-photon Doppler-free spectroscopy has been used to measure Stark shifts of $n^{2}S$ Rydberg states of $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ (for $n=15 \mathrm{to} 80$). Scalar polarizabilities ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}$ were found to obey the relation ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{0}[\mathrm{in}\mathrm{MHz}/{(\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{cm})}^{2}]=2.202(28)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}{n}^{*6}+5.53(13)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}11}{n}^{*7}$, in good agreement with theoretical values. Avoided crossings were also determined, and first avoided crossings (with the $n\ensuremath{-}3$ manifold of levels) fitted the relation $E(\mathrm{in}\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{cm})=4.638(6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\frac{{10}^{8}}{{n}^{*5}}+1.528(18)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\frac{{10}^{10}}{{n}^{*7}}$.
Developing Tools for Image-Based 3D Reconstruction: Palace Pena Case Study

This paper reviews the recent works on developing photogrammetric tools for image based 3D modeling and heritage documentation. Describing the case study of Pena Palace in Sintra in Portugal some important aspects concerning image orientation algorithms and stereo restitution will be discussed. At first the general photogrammetric workflow is shortly addressed and then some mathematical aspects related to orientation of close range images are provided. Afterwards the process of acquiring images of palace courtyard is given in details. Results of bundle adjustment are shortly mentioned. Drawings of some architectural details are shown, followed by discussion concerning problems brought on by geometry of image acquisition.
WCAMiner: A Novel Knowledge Discovery System for Mining Concept Associations using Wikipedia

This paper presents WCAMiner, a system focusing on detecting how concepts are associated by incorporating Wikipedia knowledge. We propose to combine content analysis and link analysis techniques over Wikipedia resources, and define various association mining models to interpret such queries. Specifically, our algorithm can automatically build a Concept Association Graph (CAG) from Wikipedia for two given topics of interest, and generate a ranked list of concept chains as potential associations between the two given topics. In comparison to traditional cross-document mining models where documents are usually domain-specific, the system proposed here is capable of handling different query scenarios across domains without being limited to the given documents. We highlight the importance of this problem in various domains, present experiments on different datasets and compare the mining results with two competitive baseline models to demonstrate the improved performance of our system.
Time-resolved x-ray imaging of magnetization dynamics in spin-transfer torque devices

Time-resolved x-ray imaging techniques have recently demonstrated the capability to probe the magnetic switching of nanoscale devices. This technique has enabled, for example, the direct observation of the nonuniform intermediate states assumed by the magnetic free layer during reversal by a spin-polarized current. These experiments have shown an interesting size-dependent behavior associated with the motion of vortices to mediate the magnetization reversal which cannot be explained by the macrospin picture of spin-torque switching. In this paper we present both experimental and analytical results which show the origin of the complex switching behavior. We use time-resolved x-ray microscopy to further study the switching behavior of samples with $45\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ angle between the free and polarizing magnetic layers. A model is developed in terms of a linearized Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation showing that the initial dynamics is dominated by the balance between the Oersted field and thermal fluctuations. The spin torque amplifies this dynamics, leading to a strong sensitivity to sample size, angle, and temperature. The model is in good agreement with current and previous experimental observations.
An Improved Diffusion Based Placement Algorithm for Reducing Interconnect Demand in Congested Regions of FPGAs

An FPGA has a finite routing capacity due to which a fair number of highly dense circuits fail to map on slightly underresourced architecture.The high-interconnect demand in the congested regions is not met by the available resources as a result of which the circuit becomes unroutable for that particular architecture. In this paper, we present a new placement approach which is based on a natural process called diffusion. Our placer attempts to minimize the routing congestion by evenly disseminating the interconnect demand across an FPGA chip. For the 20 MCNC benchmark circuits, our algorithm reduced the channel width for 15 circuits. The results showed on average ∼33% reduction in standard deviation of interconnect usage at an expense of an average ∼13% penalty on critical path delay. Maximum channel width gain of ∼33% was also observed.
Pancreatic elastase activates pulmonary nuclear factor kappa B and inhibitory kappa B, mimicking pancreatitis-associated adult respiratory distress syndrome.

BACKGROUND Select pancreatic enzymes, primarily elastase, precipitate pulmonary injury similar to pancreatitis-associated adult respiratory distress syndrome and stimulate leukocyte cytokine production in vitro via nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation. This study explores the effect of systemic pancreatic enzymes on pulmonary NF-kappaB and inhibitory kappa B (IkappaB) proteins and their role in enzyme-induced pulmonary injury. METHODS Mice received pancreatic elastase, amylase, lipase, or trypsin intraperitoneally. Bronchoalveolar lavage IkappaBalpha/IkappaBbeta proteins were measured by immunoblot. Pulmonary NF-kappaB activation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene expression, and neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase) were determined and myeloperoxidase experiments repeated in p55 TNF receptor-deficient (TNF KO) animals. Additional animals received pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation, and TNF protein and pulmonary microvascular permeability were measured after elastase administration. RESULTS Pancreatic elastase induced pulmonary IkappaBalpha/IkappaBbeta degradation (30 minutes), NF-kappaB activation (60 minutes), and TNF gene expression (60 minutes) with subsequent neutrophilic inflammation (4 hours) and microvascular leakage (24 hours), whereas amylase, lipase, and trypsin did not. Furthermore, lung injury was markedly reduced in TNF KO animals and PDTC significantly attenuated TNF production and pulmonary microvascular leakage. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic elastase induces cytokine-mediated lung injury and this pathway involves the NF-kappaB second messenger system, further supporting elastase as a factor linking pancreatic inflammation to systemic illness during severe acute pancreatitis.
Methanolic Root Extract of Rauwolfia serpentina Lowers Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, Arteriosclerosis and Glycosylation Indices in Type 1 Diabetic Mice.

Globally recognized antihypertensive phytomedicine Rauwolfia serpentina Benth is also well-known for its diversified ethno-medicinal usefulness. The objective of present study is to evaluate the effect of methanolic root extract (MREt) of R. serpentina on atherogenic dyslipidemia, arteriosclerosis and glycosylation indices in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic mice. After the single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg), forty two mice were allocated into diabetic control (1 ml distilled water), negative control (0.05% DMSO 1 ml/kg), positive control (5 mg/kg glibencalmide) and three test dose groups (MREt 10, 30 & 60 mg/kg). Normal control (1ml distilled water) was also used. After 14 days of respective treatments, fasting blood glucose, insulin, haemoglobin (Hb), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHOL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels were determined. Wet organ weight, relative weight, percent change in glycosylation and non-HDL-c level was also determined. MREt maintained the wet organ and relative weight, as did not produce any harmful changes in kidney, liver, spleen and heart. Significant reduction in percent glycosylation was observed from -37.35% to -48% in all test groups. Upto two fold significant (p< 0.0001) decrease in atherogenic (AI) and arteriosclerotic (ArtI) indices, while improvements in atherogenic dyslipidemia ratio (ADR) were also observed in all test groups. Significantly (p< 0.0001) lowered level of non-HDL-c and glucose to lipid profile ratios were estimated in all test groups. The obtained results indicated the therapeutic potential of MREt in lowering the risk of atherogenic dyslipidemia, arteriosclerosis and glycosylation in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.
Scheduling and admission control for 802.11e hybrid coordinator

The paper considers scheduling and admission control algorithms for the 80211e polling-based access. The scheduling problem is formulated as a linear optimisation task that enables to obtain its optimal solution by the simplex algorithm. Performance of the scheduler based on linear programming is evaluated for video calls with variable bit rate video traffic sources and compared with performance of a simple scheduling algorithm with proportional request reduction. An efficient measurement-based admission control is proposed. Finally, the scheduling performance, combined with admission control, is evaluated for both video and voice calls.
Adequacy of treatment received by diagnosed and undiagnosed patients with bipolar I and II disorders.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the adequacy of pharmacotherapy received by psychiatric inpatients and outpatients with a research diagnosis of bipolar I or II disorder, including patients both with and without a clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder. METHOD In the Jorvi Bipolar Study (JoBS), 1630 psychiatric inpatients and outpatients in 3 Finnish cities were systematically screened between January 1, 2002, and February 28, 2003, for bipolar I and II disorders using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. By using SCID-I and -II interviews, 191 patients were diagnosed with bipolar disorder (90 bipolar I and 101 bipolar II). Information was collected on clinical history, diagnosis, and treatment. The adequacy of treatment received was evaluated. RESULTS Of the 162 patients with previous bipolar disorder episodes, only 34 (20.9%) of all and 30 (55.5%) of those with a clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder were using a mood stabilizer at onset of the index episode. Only 81 (42.4%) of all 191 patients and 76 (65.0%) of those diagnosed with bipolar disorder received adequate treatment for the acute index phase. The factor most strongly independently associated with adequate treatment was clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder (OR = 25.34). In addition, rapid cycling (OR = 2.45), polyphasic index episode (OR = 2.41), or depressive index phase (OR = 3.36) independently predicted inadequate treatment. Outpatients received adequate treatment markedly less often than inpatients. CONCLUSIONS Clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder is by far the most important prerequisite for adequate treatment. Problems in treatment are associated mostly with outpatient settings, where adequacy of treatment of bipolar depression is a major concern. Lack of attention to the longitudinal course of illness is another major problem area.
"Silent" nucleotide substitution in a beta+-thalassemia globin gene activates splice site in coding sequence RNA.

A beta+-thalassemia globin gene was isolated from the genome of a Black individual by molecular cloning. DNA sequence analysis revealed only a single difference between this gene and the normal human beta-globin gene--adenine is substituted for thymine in the third position of codon 24. Codon 24 in both the normal gene (GGT) and the beta+-thalassemia gene (GGA) encodes glycine. The function of this beta+-thalassemia gene was compared to the function of the normal human beta-globin gene in monkey kidney cells by using plasmid expression vectors. The codon 24 substitution activates a 5' splice site that involves the guanine-thymine dinucleotide present in codon 25, 16 nucleotides upstream from the normal exon 1-intron I boundary. The splice, involving the abnormal 5' site in codon 25, is completed with the normal 3' splice site at the end of intron I. This splicing abnormality leads to a 75% decrease in the accumulation of normally processed beta-globin mRNA, thereby causing the beta+-thalassemia phenotype.
Evaluation of Interior Circulation in a High-Resolution Global Ocean Model. Part II: Southern Hemisphere Intermediate, Mode, and Thermocline Waters

Abstract A high-resolution, offline ocean general circulation model, incorporating a realistic parameterization of mixed layer convection, is used to diagnose pathways and time scales of Southern Hemisphere intermediate, mode, and lower thermocline water ventilation. The use of such an offline methodology represents the only feasible way of simulating the long time scales required to validate the internal pathways of a high-resolution ocean model. Simulated and observed chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11) are in reasonably good agreement, demonstrating the model’s skill in representing realistic ventilation. Regional passive dye and age tracer experiments aid in the identification of pathways originating from different Southern Hemisphere locations. Northern Hemisphere penetration of intermediate, mode, and thermocline waters is most extensive and rapid into the North Atlantic Ocean because these waters are involved in closing the Atlantic meridional overturning cell. However, less than 8% of this ventilation .
Challenges and New Avenues in Existing Replication Techniques

Over recent years, the curve of the importance of data replication has risen steeply owing to the fact that databases are increasingly deployed over clusters of different workstations over time. A variety of replication techniques have been introduced to the distributed systems field which, in this paper, are classified based on whether they have an unbalanced load between servers or not (classic and modern). Replication techniques from both categories can be enhanced by avoiding some of the challenges that are illustrated in detail in this paper. Moreover, this paper analyses replication techniques in each category by exploring their strengths and weaknesses as well as providing possible novel solutions that can diminish or eliminate these challenges and introduces a brief description of the Dynamic Object Ownership Distribution Protocol that aims at increasing throughput by increasing the rate of performing transactions locally in addition to viewing a promising preliminary results of its performance.
PDNOC: Partially diagonal network‐on‐chip for high efficiency multicore systems

With the constantly increasing of number of cores in multicore processors, more emphasis should be paid to the on‐chip interconnect. Performance and power consumption of an on‐chip interconnect are directly affected by the network topology. Researchers have proposed various topologies to optimize these metrics. The efficiency can also be optimized by proper mapping of applications. Therefore in this paper, we propose a novel partially diagonal network‐on‐chip (PDNOC) design that takes advantage of both heterogeneous network topology and congestion‐aware application mapping. We analyse the partially diagonal network in terms of interconnect structure, area usage, power consumption, routing algorithm and implementation complexity. The key insight that enables the PDNOC is that most communication patterns in real‐world applications are hot‐spot and bursty. We implement a full system simulation environment using SPLASH‐2 benchmarks. Performance metrics of standard mesh, concentrated mesh, full diagonal mesh and four types of the proposed PDNOC are measured in terms of network latency, application execution time and energy delay product. Evaluation results show that on average, the proposed PDNOC designs provide up to 36% improvement in execution time over concentrated mesh, and 3.6× better energy delay product over fully connected diagonal network. PDNOC design with two adjacent PD networks is a better candidate for higher efficiency, while four PD networks provide better performance. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of integrational plasmid excision to identify cellular localization of gene expression during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is a simple developmental system involving the differentiation of two sister cells, the prespore and the mother cell. Many of the genes that regulate sporulation (spo genes) are thought to be expressed differentially. However, direct demonstration of differential gene expression, by fractionation of prespore and mother cell proteins, is possible only at a relatively late stage of development. H. De Lencastre and P. J. Piggot (J. Gen. Microbiol. 114:377-389, 1979) have described a genetic method for determining the cellular location of the requirement for spo gene expression. Here we describe a similar method based on the use of integrational plasmids that can insertionally inactivate any given spo gene. Loss of the integrated plasmid by homologous recombination leads to the restoration of spo gene function. If this occurs just before sporulation begins, the phenotypes of the progeny of heat-resistant spores should depend on whether the gene is required in the prespore or the mother cell. Thus, we show that for known prespore-specific genes, such as spoIIIG and spoVA, only phenotypically Spo+ progeny that have lost the integrated plasmid are produced. In contrast, for mother-cell-specific genes, such as spoIIIC and spoVJ, a substantial proportion of the progeny are asporogenous, having retained the integrated plasmid. On the basis of our results, the spoIID and spoIIIA genes, which are expressed soon after division, appear to be required only in the mother cell compartment.