Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Causes Waterlogging?—Explore the Urban Waterlogging Control Scheme through System Dynamics Simulation

It is a common phenomenon in cities that waterlogging affects people’s normal life. It is of great significance for targeted transformation and upgrading to identify the risk factors of urban waterlogging. This paper collected the waterlogging data of Tianjin in China, analyzed the coupling mechanism among waterlogging risk factors of urban drainage systems, and then selected the system dynamics theory and the Vensim software as the analysis tools due to the mixing characteristic and the limited availability of data. After that, the sensitive factors were identified by model simulation and sensitivity analysis, and the prominent impact of urban expansion on waterlogging risk was discussed. Then, through the comparison of the three simulation scenarios, it was found that, compared with the urban development focus shifting strategy, the strategies of sponge city reconstruction and management optimization could achieve the risk control goal within a shorter time. On this basis, two kinds of governance schemes with strong operability were put forward, which were the data governance strategy and the sponge city reconstruction strategy of giving priority to old urban areas. According to the simulation results, a city can reverse the increasing trend of waterlogging risk within ten years under the appropriate scheme. Furthermore, the paper puts forward the strategic reimagining of the rural revitalization strategy and the ecological restoration strategy for the long-term sustainable development transformation of Tianjin.
The Human Creation and Use of Reactive Nitrogen: A Global and Regional Perspective

More food and energy allow for more people who then require more food and energy, and so it has gone for centuries. At the same time, economic progress leads to a different lifestyle with an increasing demand for energy and food, also accelerating food waste. Fueling this food-energy-population dynamic is an ever-increasing conversion of unreactive dinitrogen (N2) to reactive N (Nr), which then results in a cascade of positive (food and energy for people) and negative (damage to people, climate, biodiversity, and environment) impacts as Nr is distributed throughout Earth systems. The most important step in reducing the environmental impacts of Nr is limiting its human-based creation. In this article, therefore, we focus on this most important first step: the conversion of N2 to Nr by human activities. Specifically, we examine Nr creation and use (they are different! ) on a global and regional basis and Nr use on a global and regional per capita basis. In addition, we introduce the metric Nr Use Index (NUI), which can be used to track and project Nr use relative to a fixed point in time. We then assess the progress in Nr management over the past 20 years. Our article presents a case study of the Netherlands to show what one country, beset by Nr-related problems that have led to an N crisis, did to address those problems and what worked and what didn't work. The article concludes with an assessment of what the future might hold with respect to Nr creation and use, including a review of other projections. We expect that NUI will increase especially in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. The other parts of the world are consolidating or even decreasing NUI. In Latin America and Asia, there is limited agricultural land, and by increasing NUI for food the risk of Nr pollution is very high. The Netherlands has shown not only what effects can be expected with increasing NUI but also what successful policies can be introduced to limit environmental losses. Our assessment shows that Nr creation needs to be limited to prevent local to global environmental impacts. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Volume 46 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Developing the relational in teacher feedback literacy: exploring feedback talk

Abstract The higher education literature on feedback has generally explored spoken feedback delivered on a summative written assignment. In contrast, this study explores spoken feedback as part of the teacher – student dialogue in classroom interaction (i.e. feedback talk). Drawing on a discourse analysis approach we identified linguistic and rhetorical indicators of feedback talk and found a number of common patterns in six seminar events. Interviews with two teachers revealed a perception that feedback was an inherent part of the teaching and learning process and agreement on the significance of feedback talk in supporting relationships. We argue that a recognition and understanding of feedback talk can support the relational dimension of feedback literacy in the micro-moments of learning and teaching. We frame our discussion of feedback talk and teacher feedback literacy within the wider context of learning and teaching and call for a more holistic perspective on feedback.
The Effect of Tax Risk on Tax Avoidance

This research intends to investigate whether tax risk is associated with tax avoidance, which is proxied by Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR). Tax risk is measured by six tax risk components: transactional risk, compliance risk, operational risk, financial accounting risk, managerial risk, and reputational risk. The samples in this research are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). With a purposive sampling method, there are 168 firm years which we analyzed with OLS regression. The result in this study showed that tax risk is positively associated with CETR. It implied that choices of tax strategies and activities are involved in high tax risk, but firms still choose to comply with tax regulations, which can be seen in high CETR values. This research found that firms need tax risk management to ensure that tax strategies do not impact the firms’ future losses from additional tax payments and fines. Other than that, this research gives a new option for future researchers to measure tax risk using scoring methods and indicators that are engaged in each of the tax risk components.DOI: 10.26905/jkdp.v25i3. 5629
Entrepreneurial imagining: How a small team of arts entrepreneurs created the world’s largest traveling carillon

Although imagination has been recognized as essential to entrepreneuring, the processes by which entrepreneurs imagine and generate novelty remain insufficiently understood. To begin addressing this oversight, we propose a rhizomatic process model of entrepreneurial imagining that comprises five elements: experiencing, early creating, reaching an impasse and gestating, (re)creating and evaluating imagined futures, and choosing and enterprising. To generate this dynamic process model, we undertook an abductive, 25-month case study, guided by enactive research, to investigate how a small team of arts entrepreneurs created the world’s largest traveling carillon. Our primary contribution is to offer new theoretical insights into entrepreneurial imagining as a complex, situated, relational performance that unfolds through conscious and unconscious, self-reflective and embodied processes.
Insight Into Impacts of Sewage Discharge and River Self-Purification on Microbial Dynamics and Pathogenicity in River Ecosystem

Sewage directly discharge causes serious environmental problems. Here, the effects of treated and untreated sewage on the river ecosystem were investigated. The variations of microbial community structure, including infectious pathogenic bacteria and functional bacteria related to nitrogen, phosphorus, and COD metabolism were studied in detail. Bacterial diversity and richness were significantly decreased, while, Proteobacteria containing various infectious pathogens, such as Vibrio and Helicobacter, significantly increased after the discharge of raw sewage. Although the microbial structure was slightly restored and the abundance of most pathogenic bacteria was also slightly reduced through river self-purification, direct discharge of raw sewage caused severe and short-term irreversible damage to the river environment. Direct discharge also introduced various pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and COD, increasing the corresponding functional bacteria and their related genes. Furthermore, the high abundance of pathogenic bacteria of the drain outlet was mainly from raw sewage rather than bacteria reproduction caused by water deterioration according to the RDA analysis. With these results, direct discharge disturbed the ecological balance of the river. Therefore, more attention is needed to provide a hygienic situation for people and all sewage should be treated properly. In conclusion, all sewage should be treated properly before discharge into ecosystems to mitigate its negative impacts on receiving water bodies.
Cost-Effectiveness of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Versus Open Surgical Repair for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Systematic Review

Context: If the diameter of an aneurysm increases by more than 6 cm, the risk of aortic rupture increases by 50% within 10 years. Therefore, rupture of aneurysm, which is usually asymptomatic, can lead to severe complications and increase the risk of mortality. The current study aimed to systematically review studies comparing the cost-effective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and open surgical repair (OSR) as the primary treatment options for patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Methods: An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, Scopus, and other scientific economic databases. Relevant articles were searched from 1999 to 2020 using keywords, such as “abdominal aortic aneurysm”, “endovascular”, “open surgery”, “rupture”, “economic evaluation”, and “cost-effectiveness”. The quality of articles was assessed using the Quality of Health Economic studies (QHES) checklist; finally, five articles were included in this review. Results: The results of the QHES checklist showed that most studies had a good quality. A third-party payer’s perspective was the dominant perspective in all selected studies, comparing EVAR with OSR. All studies considered the direct medical costs and did not disclose any discount rates, except for one study, reporting a 3.5% discount rate. Almost all included studies found EVAR to be a cost-effective intervention; only one study concluded that EVAR, with a cost-effectiveness ratio of €424,542, was not the best treatment option. Conclusion: In patients with ruptured AAAs, the EVAR intervention improved the quality of life, decreased the mortality rate, and shortened the hospital stay as compared to OSR.
Evaluating the Effects of the A-Double Vehicle Combinations If Introduced to a Line-Haul Freight Transport Network

One of the solutions to improve the eco-efficiency of road freight transport is to combine existing transport modules into Longer and/or Heavier Vehicles (LHVs). The scientific and industrial communities have paid increasing attention to an LHV, known as the A-double combination, consisting of a tractor, two 13.5-m semitrailers, and a dolly converter. The present research contributes to the existing literature by developing a methodology based on a cost-benefit approach to quantify the effects of the A-double combinations if introduced to a line-haul transport system. Four implementation scenarios and sensitivity analyses of main variables were evaluated within a case study of 48,472 line-haul trips in Denmark. The results indicate that in the least beneficial scenario, the A-double combinations reduce transport cost by 9.65% while reducing trips, CO2 emissions, and road wear by 17.91%, 5.34%, and 9.55%, respectively. Besides, the use of A-double combinations can significantly reduce empty tractor-semitrailer trips. However, the benefits are relatively less in the case of just-in-time deliveries and cargo constrained by vehicle weight. Also, cost saving is highly sensitive to driver salaries, fuel prices, and driving speeds. This research provides valuable insights into the potentials of A-double combinations under different regulations and freight characteristics from a micro perspective.
Effects of Trade Openness on Economic Growth in the Republic of Congo

The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of trade openness on economic growth in the Republic of Congo over a period from 1986 to 2016. Following the estimation of the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), the result shows that in the short and long term, trade openness negatively affects economic growth in Congo. That means, the Congo does not benefit from the trade openness policy. This result is explained by the strong dependence of the Congolese economy on exports of raw materials (natural resources). This result has given rise to economic policy implications.
Proficiency of Carboxymethylcellulose as a Cryoprotectant. Clinical and Histological Evaluation of Cryopreserved Heterogenous Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Exosomal Hydrogel on Critical Size Skin Wounds in Dogs

Background: Fresh stem cell exosomes are usually obtained and reused in the same individual. It cannot be kept viable for a long period of time regardless of the lengthy preparation time. Freezing is typically used to preserve the viability of perishable materials and increase their lifetime. Regrettably, normal freezing of biomaterials leads to cell damage. Therefore, a cryoprotectant can save the cells from the conventional cryodamage. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NA-CMC) is a powdery substance that is used to manufacture bio-safe hydrofilm gels because of its high viscosity, cytocompatibility, and nonallergenic nature. Materials and Methods: Sterile CMC hydrogel was prepared, part of which was loaded with exosomal solution derived from MSCs. The gel was kept at −20°C for preservation. Two bilateral full-thickness circular skin wounds of 2-cm diameter were created on the back of experimental dogs. The wounds were at least 2.5 cm apart. Treatment started 24 hours after wound creation. Group I received CMC gel solely, whereas group II received frozen CMC exosomal gel. The gel was applied 4 times, a single application per day with 1- day interval. Results: Clinically, the frozen exosomal gel significantly promoted wound healing with no scaring. Histologically, enhanced dermal fibroblasts and organized collagen deposition were seen in the treated group. Conclusion: CMC proved to be an efficient cryoprotectant and a suitable vehicle for exosomes. Deep freezing was proven to conserve the viability, extended the preservation, and facilitated the usage of exosomal gel. This technique of preserved cell-free therapy is inexpensive, time-saving, and proficient and seems suitable for treating cutaneous wounds.
Resilience in semantic networks: A new approach for studying language impairment in Alzheimer's disease

Language Impairment in Alzheimer's disease can occur because of deficits in semantic levels of language processing. It can be studied using computational models of language such as complex semantic networks which are strongly related to semantic memory. We hypothesize that the concept of resilience in scale-free semantic networks can truly model and predict semantic language deficit in Alzheimer's disease. We suggest that increasing the variety of words in the lexicon of patients with Alzheimer's disease, improves the resilience of their semantic networks through breakdowns. Moreover, enlarging the size of the semantic networks of patients with Alzheimer's disease can make these networks more resilient.
Impact of prediabetes on cardiovascular disease risk in patients with acute myocardial infarctions

Aim: Prediabetes is known to be associated with increased cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk and mortality. It has been reported that more than 70% of pre-diabetic patients develop Diabetes Mellitus (DM). In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), diabetes increases a 2 to 4 fold risk of adverse cardiovascular events compared to non-diabetic patients. This morbidity-mortality relationship begins in the progression phase from normal glucose tolerance to diabetes. We evaluated the relationship between the presence of pre-diabetes by using hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values and CVD risk in patients presenting with newly diagnosed AMI. Methods: This study was a retrospective, single-centre and we examined consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography with a diagnosis of AMI at our hospital between March 2019 and September 2020. A total of 332 patients with AMI were enrolled; patients were divided into two groups according to their HbA1c levels: non-diabetic group (HbA1c <5.7%) and pre-diabetic group (5.7% ≤HbA1c <6.05%). The primary composite endpoints were cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke. Results: Of the 332 patients, 204 (61%) patients had non-diabetic groups, and 128 (39%) patients were between the pre-diabetic groups. During the follow-up period, the primary composite endpoints amounted to 7.4% and 15.6% in the non-diabetes and prediabetes group (p=0.026). The incidences of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction were significantly higher in the prediabetic group than the nondiabetic group (p= 0.021, p=0.004; respectively). Independent predictors for the primary composite endpoints following the multivariate analysis included SYNTAX score (odds ratio [OR]: 0.912; %95 confidence interval [CI]: 0.832-0.999, p: 0.047), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR: 0.812; %95 CI: 0.753-0.876, p< 0.001), systolic blood pressure (OR: 0.955; %95 CI: 0.927-0.985, p: 0.003) and valuable categorical HbA1c ( 5.7% ≤HbA1c<6. 5% ) (OR: 2.787; %95 CI: 1.091-7.120, p: 0.032). Conclusion: Prediabetes group has been shown to have a higher incidence of the primary composite endpoints than non-diabetes. SYNTAX score, left ventricular ejection fraction, systolic blood pressure, and HbA1c (categorical variable) were found as independent predictors for the primary composite endpoint. Preventive measures in the stage of pre-diabetes might help the prevention of developing CVD.
Fault‐tolerant control of PMSM based on NTSMC and NLFO

In this work, a reliable fault‐tolerant control scheme is proposed for open‐circuit faults of the drive in a three‐phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control system. A three‐phase four‐switch fault‐tolerant topology drive is employed to guarantee the continuous operation after fault occurrence. A non‐singular terminal sliding mode control (NTSMC) scheme is proposed to improve the robustness and the dynamic performance of the post‐fault system. To estimate the information of fault, a nonlinear learning fault observer is constructed. Based on the fault information, a compensation term is added to the control scheme against the adverse effects of the transition process. Simulation results show that the proposed fault‐tolerant control scheme enables the system to track the desired reference commands in the absence/presence of faults with satisfactory performance and achieves smooth transition for control law switching.
Sistem Informasi Pemesanan Makanan Berbasis Client Server di Kopi We Salatiga

Many entrepreneurs have formed businesses in the culinary field. At this time, there are many restaurants not use computerization in making transactions. With limited human resources and lack of time effectiveness to serve customers who place orders, a food ordering information system is needed that can solve these problems. This system makes it easy to order food and manage the income, because when making transactions with customers you don't need to write menus manually and customers can get accurate info. This system, customers immediately know the details of him transaction. This study uses the Waterfall methodology then built with the Codeigniter’s framework and as a database support using MySQL. The data collection stage in making this information system is carried out by observation and interview. The system is implemented with a client server network architecture using a personal computer at the cashier as a server, so the system runs without internet access. The results of this system include ordering menus, processing order and transactions data, and printing transaction receipts in PDF. System testing using Black Box testing method, shows that the system has run well without any errors. Meanwhile, the results of questionnaire testing of 31 respondents, consisting of 30 visitors getting an interpretation percentage of 96% and 1 coffee shop owner getting 80% of the interpretation percentage. So, it can be concluded that the system is considered feasible to be applied and facilitates the process of ordering food.
Transient Simulation of Distribution System with Converter-Based Distributed Generation for Stability Analysis Using Frequency Response Optimized Integrators

This paper introduces a novel transient simulation scheme and its extension for stability analysis of distribution systems with converter-based distributed generation. Efficiency and accuracy of the simulation scheme with extension are investigated. It is demonstrated that millisecond-level step sizes are applicable to efficient electromagnetic transient simulation for stability analysis of unbalanced power systems while maintaining satisfactory accuracy. The paper also supports the extension of the simulation scheme by showing that the extension has only an insignificant impact on the accuracy but significantly enhances the efficiency.
Influence of social media posts on service performance

Purpose Much research regarding social media posts and relevancy has resulted in mixed findings. Furthermore, the mediating role of relevancy has not previously been examined. This paper aims to examine the correlating relationship between types of posts made by hotels and the resulting occupancy rates. Then, the mediating role of relevancy is examined and ways that posts can increase/decrease relevancy of the post to potential hotel users. Design/methodology/approach Within the context of the hotel industry, three studies were conducted – one including hotel occupancy data from a corporate chain – to examine the impact of social media posts on relevancy and intentions to stay at the hotel. Experimental studies were conducted to explain the results of the real-world hotel data. Findings The findings show that relevancy is an important mediator in linking social media posts to service performance. A locally (vs nationally) themed post can decrease both the relevancy of a post and the viewer’s intentions to stay at a hotel. This relationship, however, can be weakened if a picture is included with the post, as a visual may increase self-identification with a post. Originality/value These results have important theoretical and practical implications as social media managers attempt to find the best ways to communicate to their customers and followers. Specifically, there are lower and upper limits to how many times a hotel should be posting to social media. The data also show many hotels post about local events, such as school fundraisers or a job fair, that can be harmful to stay intentions, likely due to the irrelevant nature of local posts to customers who are likely to stay in a hotel. National posts are seen as more relevant and likely to increase stay intentions, and the inclusion of a picture can help local posts seem more relevant.