Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF VSBSMC plus PDIC FOR FUNDAMENTAL POSITIVE OUTPUT SUPER LIFT-LUO- CONVERTER

-This article studies a design and implementation of variable structure based sliding mode controller (VSBSMC) plus proportional double integral controller (PDIC) for output voltage regulation of the fundamental positive output super lift Luo-converter (FPOSLLC) operated in continuous conduction mode (CCM). Because of non-linear ON/OFF nature of the FPOSLLC and their dynamic characteristics is poor. In order to increase the dynamic characteristics and output voltage regulati on of the FPOSLLC, a VSBSMC plus PDIC is developed. The designed VSBSMC plus PDIC is more appropriate to the naturally variable-structured FPOSLLC, when expressed in the state-space average model. The performance of the designed controller i s demonstrated for its robustness to perform over a wide range of working conditions through both in MATLAB/Simulink model and in the experimental model with the comparative study of a VSBSMC plus proportional integral controller (PIC). The results have showed that the VSBSMC plus PDIC can achieve outstanding output voltage and inductor current regulations for FPOSLLC at various states.
Optimization of Nutritional Drink of Pomegranate, Orange and GingerJuices using Response Surface Methodology

The main aim of this work is to enhance the nutritional and functional properties of blended juice using response surface methodology (RSM). In this study the levels of juice (50-75 ml pomegranate juice, 25-50 ml orange juice and 3-5 ml ginger juice) were optimized using RSM. The product was optimized on the basis of physico-chemical, textural and sensory attributes. Based on RSM experiments, it could be concluded that a formulation having 75 ml pomegranate, 50 ml orange and 3 ml ginger juice with viscosity index 4.60 g.sec, consistency of 7.36 g.sec, cohesiveness of 487.45 g and overall acceptability 7.29 out of 9.00 was the best among all combinations. The antioxidant activity, total phenol, titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, vitamin-C, total sugar, potassium, calcium and magnesium content in the optimised product were 41.23% DPPH inhibition, 195 mg/100 ml TAE, 0.59%, 3.4, 14.38%, 42.23 mg/100 ml and 8.34%, 2380 mg/L, 65 mg/L, 126 mg /L, respectively.
A New Combination and Change in Rank in Polycarpon (Caryophyllaceae), Endemic to California, U.S.A., and Mexico

Abstract. The name Polycarpon depressum Nutt. (Caryophyllaceae) is here investigated and lectotypified. According to a recent molecular investigation and based on the morphology and ecology of the taxon, the new combination and change in rank for P. tetraphyllum (L.) L. subsp. depressum (Nutt.) Iamonico are proposed for these plants endemic to California, U.S.A. , and northern Mexico. A description of the subspecies is provided as is a comparison with the similar taxa P. tetraphyllum subsp. tetraphyllum, P. tetraphyllum subsp. alsinifolium (Biv.) Ball, and P. tetraphyllum subsp. diphyllum (Cav.) O. Bolòs & Font Quer.
Isolation and characterization of gene encoding vicilin (7S) protein from cDNA clones of immature seeds of pigeon pea [ Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

cDNA library was constructed in λgt 11 expression vector from mRNA of immature seeds of pigeonpea. This cDNA was screened with specific non-radioactive, DIG-labelled heterologous pea vicilin cDNA probe (pRC-758). The positive vicilin (7S) encoding cDNA clones were isolated. One of the vicilin cDNA clones showed insert size of ~1.3 Kb, when analyzed by PCR using λgt 11 forward and reverse primers. This PCR product was subcloned in pUC-18 vector for confirmation of gene and product by Southern and Western hybridizations, respectively. The clone was named as pSL-1 and sequenced with M13 universal forward and reverse sequencing primers. The partial nucleotide sequence (1341 bp) has been indexed in NCBI gene bank with accession number AF348366. The complete gene has 1417 base pairs with 972 bp coding sequence. Hence, the predicted polypeptide chain of this gene was determined, which contained 323 amino acids. After post translation modification, the predicted polypeptide has 310 amino acids long with approximately mol wt of 34.1 kDa. This gene encoding vicilin (7S) protein provides the basic understanding of the gene structure of pigeonpea storage proteins.
CPBD Metric for Blur Detection of a No Reference Image & It’s Removal

: This paper is based on the commutative probability of blur detection in the no reference image . it includes study of sensitivity of human blur perception at different contrast values. This is a no reference image sharpness metric in which probabilistic model is formed which detects blur at each edge in the image. This information of blur perception is then pooled over whole image which gives final quality score by calculating Cumulative Probability of Blur Detection (CPBD). Larger value of CPBD shows image with sharper regions. Smaller value of CPBD indicates noisy & blurred images. The results obtained using CPBD are compared with already established several sharpness metrics for different databases . the applications of CPBD includes telemedicine & IQM (Image Quality Measure).
ROBOTIC SPEECH RECOGNITION AND WRITING SYSTEM

- Nowadays more and more individuals are turning to robots to do their work, because robots are more versatile, accurate, reliable and also reduce human efforts. Robotic arms are programmed robot with similar function of a human arm. Aim of our project is to develop font style writing using voice as input. This can be helpful for various applications such as people with Dysgraphia, which is writing disability can use this machine to create trajectory movements with the human voice as input. Physically challenged people can also use this machine for scribing purposes. Usually a doctor`s prescription is not legible and pharmacists and patients face the challenge of deciphering the right names from them. Even in industries this machine can be used which converts the input voice into text using speech-to-text converter and turns this text into two dimensional (x, y) coordinates and thus into handwriting movements. Thus the font signatures written are legible in Capital format i.e., uppercase which serves the above mentioned purposes. The mechanism is programmed with speech recognition system and makes the user to write what (s)he speaks. The robotic arm is programmed to write down the words that the patient or the individual pronounces to the microphone. To perform the writing operations, the robotic arm will be fitted with a pen. It will be a low-cost device that can be programmed to enable the people who are physically challenged to write. This paper describes the basic design of writing robotic machine.
Control of pneumatic cylinders using iterative linear quadratic regulator with deep local linear dynamics for explosive motions

A pneumatic actuator is an attractive option for creating explosive robotic motions, such as jumping and running, because of its high power-to-weight ratio and compliance. However, control of pneumatic actuators suﬀers from the nonlinear dynamics of air and system identiﬁcation problems. We propose a method combining deep-learning of local linear dynamics of the system and an iterative linear quadratic regulator (iLQR) for explosive motions by pneumatic robots. To verify the performance of the method, we performed a simple task to control the position and velocity of a one-degree-of-freedom slider driven by a push-pull pneumatic cylinder. The results show that the slider reached a target position with less than 1.4% error (3.5 mm against a 250 mm range of motion) with a task period of 0.5 s. The velocity was 1.09 m/s (starting from a negative position) and 0.551 m/s (starting from a positive position) against the target velocity of 1.00 m/s.
A predictive convolutional neural network model for source-load forecasting in smart grids

: - Smart grid engineering is the key for an optimized use of extensive energy resources which allows hybrid renewable energy sources (RES) to be optimally integrated, and their power generation efficiently dispatched to the grid over long distance DC transmission lines using the high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission technologies. In this context, it is crucial to determine the required number of generating units of wind turbines and photovoltaic arrays, and the associated storage capacity for standalone and/or grid connected hybrid microgrid. Typically, this is determined using a sizing algorithm based on the observation that the state of charge of battery power system should be periodically invariant in order to keep optimum cost. Given the intermittency of wind speed and solar irradiance, it is very challenging to accurately calibrate power production from wind turbines and photovoltaic arrays, at all times even under varying weather conditions. In this context, the convolution neural network (CNN) can symbolize a practical and reliable tool to precisely monitor and predict the wind speed and solar irradiance outputs and accordingly manage the power transfer switching between areas that have surplus of renewable energies to areas with energy shortage by initiating the energy management system (EMS) to dispatch power according to an anticipated schedule. The efficiency of the proposed CNN based model was tested using meteorological data related to Beirut city. The experimental results indicate that the mean absolute error related to wind speed and solar irradiance are low, demonstrating very high forecasting accuracy.
The relationship between emission intensity and firm growth. Micro-evidence from Italy

This paper investigates the empirical link between emission intensity and economic growth, using a very large data set of thousands of Italian manufacturing firms over 2000-2004. As a measure of lagged environmental performance (efficiency) at firm level we exploit NAMEA sector for CO2, NOx, SOx data over 1990-1999. The paper tests the extent to which (past) environmental efficiency/intensity, which is driven by structural features and firm strategic actions, including responses to policies, influences firms growth. Our results show, first, a typical trade off generally appearing for the three core environmental emissions we analyse: lower environmentally efficiency in the recent past allows higher degrees of freedom to firms and relax the constraints for growth, at least in this short/medium term scenario. Nevertheless, the size of the estimated coefficients is not large:. Trade off are significant for two emission indicators out of two, but quite negligible in terms of impacts, besides the case of CO2. For example, growth is reduced by far less than 0.1% in association to a 1% increase of environmental efficiency. Environmental efficiency does not seem a primary cost factor and constraint to growth if compared to other factors affecting firm targets and firm competitiveness. In addition, non linearity seems to characterise the economic growthenvironmental performance relationship. Signals of inverted U shape appears: this may be a signal that both firm strategies and recent policy efforts are affecting the dynamic relationship between environmental efficiency and economic productivity, turning it from an usual trade off to a possible joint complementary/co-dynamics, where bad environmental performances hamper firm growth and investments in greener technologies may be associated to positive economic performances of firms and sectors . JEL: C23, D21, O32, Q55
Diversity of Polymyxa graminis associated with cereals in West Africa.

The diversity of Polymyxa graminis, the vector of Peanut clump virus on cereals and groundnut in West Africa, was investigated. Isolates from Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger and Senegal were obtained in roots of cereal bait-plants grown on soils collected during the 2000 to 2003 growing seasons in fields thought to be infested by the virus. A direct molecular characterization of total DNA extracted from infected roots was performed by sequencing nuclear 18S, 5.8S, internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and 2) ribosomal DNA after amplification of the DNA regions by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Different sequences were identified among the 24 P. graminis isolates obtained on maize, pearl millet, sorghum and wheat. Originating from the four countries, most of them (18/22 West African tested isolates) were identified as P. graminis f.sp. tropicalis and one Senegalese isolate as P. graminis f.sp. subtropicalis. Two sequences, differing from the sequences described for the five formae speciales of P. graminis, were obtained for one isolate from Senegal and for two isolates from Burkina Faso. In the phylogenetic tree, the first new sequence appeared to be linked to P. graminis f.sp. tropicalis and P. graminis f.sp. temperata and the second to P. graminis f.sp. colombiana. The P. graminis diversity found in West Africa is far more important than the one observed in the Indian subcontinent. This could be related to the fact that Africa is recognized as the centre of origin and diversity for pearl millet and sorghum, two known preferred hosts for P. graminis in tropical areas. The development of two P. graminis f.sp. tropicalis isolates from Niger on several graminaceous species was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. Their multiplication rate was high on sorghum, pearl millet and maize, and significantly lower on barley and wheat. These characteristics are common with the Indian isolates belonging to P. graminis f.sp. tropicalis, confirming the host specificity observed among the formae speciales of P. graminis.
Mechanism of the Vascular Angiotensin II/α2-Adrenoceptor Interaction

α2-Adrenoceptors potentiate vascular responses to angiotensin II. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that the phospholipase C (PLC)/protein kinase C (PKC)/c-src/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway contributes to the vascular angiotensin II/α2-adrenoceptor interaction. In rats in vivo, intrarenal infusions of angiotensin II (10 ng/kg/min) increased renal vascular resistance by 5.8 ± 0.5 units, and this response was enhanced (p < 0.05) to 9.1 ± 1.2 units by UK-14,304 [5-bromo-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-6-quinoxalinamine; 3 μg/kg/min; α2-adrenoceptor agonist]. Intrarenal infusions of U-73122 [1-[6-[[(17β)-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl]amino]-hexyl]-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; 3 μg/min; PLC inhibitor], GF109203X [bisindolylmaleimide I; 10 μg/min; PKC inhibitor], CGP77675 [1-(2-{4-[4-amino-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-yl]phenyl}ethyl)piperidin-4-ol; 5 μg/min; c-src inhibitor], and wortmannin (1 μg/min; PI3K inhibitor) abolished the angiotensin II/α2-adrenoceptor interaction. In isolated perfused rat kidneys, angiotensin II (0.3, 1, and 3 nM) increased perfusion pressure (by 15 ± 8, 39 ± 4, and 93 ± 9 mm Hg, respectively), and UK-14,304 (1 μM) potentiated these responses (to 36 ± 4, 67 ± 7, and 135 ± 17 mm Hg, respectively). This angiotensin II/α2-adrenoceptor interaction was abolished by U-73122 (10 μM), GF109203X (3 μM), CGP77675 (5 μM), and wortmannin (0.2 μM). Preglomerular microvascular smooth muscle cells expressed phospholipase (PLC)-β2, PLC-β3, c-src, phospho(tyrosine 416)-c-src, and PI3K. In these cells, angiotensin II (0.1 μM) and UK-14,304 (1 μM) per se did not increase phospho-c-src; however, the combination of angiotensin II plus UK-14,304 doubled phospho-c-src, and this interaction was abolished by U-73122 (10 μM) and GF109203X (3 μM). In conclusion, the PLC/PKC/c-src/PI3K pathway may contribute importantly to the interaction between α2-adrenoceptors and angiotensin II on renal vascular resistance.
APPLYING SUPERVISED LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO DIAGNOSE AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)

Clinical decision support systems are computer based automated systems developed with the aid of AI and ML for supporting and improving the accuracy of clinical decision-making processes. These systems are used by clinicians in making diagnostic decisions and treatment plans. It is able to simulate expertise and express logical reasoning for making assertions. Many inexperienced clinicians are not well confident in certain autistic cases because their observed diagnosis and the calculated grade may not be always similar. Availability of diagnostic experts to provide clinical expertise is also a problem in the diagnosis of autism children. Hence, there is a need of a computer assist system comprised of experience and skill of a clinician, which can advance the power of existing diagnostic method. The computer-assisted system will help to confirm the assessment decisions of clinicians. Research works about the application of machine learning techniques for the development of autism assessment and grading in this area is very much required. This work proposes an approach, which uses machine-learning techniques for autism grading.
Design of a Hybrid Power Generation System Employing Boost Converters and a Transformer-less Inverter Switching Circuit

This paper presents the design of a transformer-less, hybrid power generation system employing solar and wind energy. The solar energy conversion section consists of a photovoltaic (PV) array, a boost converter, an H-bridge inverter, a transformer-less inverter switching circuit and a T-LCL filter. The wind energy conversion section consists of a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous machine, a three phase diode rectifier, a boost converter, an H-bridge inverter, a transformer-less inverter switching circuit and a T-LCL filter. Both the sections are connected in parallel so that even in the absence of one form of energy, the hybrid configuration can still deliver real power to the national grid. A common transformer-less switching circuit is employed for sending gate pulses to the H-Bridge inverters of both the sections. This is done to ensure proper synchronization. The switching technique of the inverters consists of a combination of Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and a square wave along with grid synchronization conditions. As the suggested method is entirely transformer-less, it significantly reduces the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the output voltage to less than 0.2% and minimizes the circuit size. The T-LCL filters not only reduce the harmonics of the inverter outputs but also provide a nearly constant output current thereby stabilizing the system. The hybrid system setup and the simulation results were obtained using the PSIM software. Index Terms : Photovoltaic(PV) array, Wind Turbine, Permanent Magnet Sameer Ahmed Khan Mojlish 242 Synchronous Machine, Boost Converter, Inverter, Sinusoidal Pulse Width modulation (SPWM), T-LCL filter.
Role of Time Preferences in Explaining the Burden of Malnutrition: Evidence from Urban India

This study uses a simple theory model to examine how time preferences influence food choices made by individuals, which in turn have implications for their future health. The theory results demonstrate that individuals with higher bias for the present or lower patience will have poorer health outcomes: that is, they will either be underweight (low BMI) or overweight (high BMI). The pathway from time preferences to BMI is through food. To empirically validate these predictions, we use both the nationallyrepresentative India Human Development Survey (IHDS) to estimate a reduced form equation relating savings (a proxy for time preferences) to BMI; and a primary survey of 885 adults conducted in West Delhi. Using quantile regression and SEM estimation, we provide empirical validation for the theory results; namely that time preferences have significant effect on food choices which in turn has a significant impact on BMI. Thus, such psychometric measures are useful in identifying early on those at potential risk of being overweight or obese later as adults.
SeeThrough: Finding Chairs in Heavily Occluded Indoor Scene Images

Discovering 3D arrangements of objects from single indoor images is important given its many applications including interior design, content creation, etc. Although heavily researched in the recent years, existing approaches break down under medium or heavy occlusion as the core object detection module starts failing in absence of directly visible cues. Instead, we take into account holistic contextual 3D information, exploiting the fact that objects in indoor scenes co-occur mostly in typical near-regular configurations. First, we use a neural network trained on real indoor annotated images to extract 2D keypoints, and feed them to a 3D candidate object generation stage. Then, we solve a global selection problem among these 3D candidates using pairwise co-occurrence statistics discovered from a large 3D scene database. We iterate the process allowing for candidates with low keypoint response to be incrementally detected based on the location of the already discovered nearby objects. Focusing on chairs, we demonstrate significant performance improvement over combinations of state-of-the-art methods, especially for scenes with moderately to severely occluded objects.
A combined approach toward resolving the phylogeny of Mollusca

Many species of Solenogastres (Mollusca: Aplacophora) have been described from relatively remote locations or the deep sea. However, knowledge of the diversity of this group of carnivorous molluscs, even in relatively accessible, shallow localities remains incomplete. Here, we describe three new species of meiofaunal solenogasters from a well-studied site virtually right off the dock of Friday Harbor Laboratories (WA, USA). Two new species of Macellomenia, M. schanderi and M. morseae, are described, greatly expanding the geographic range of this genus previously only known from the Atlantic. Interestingly, M. schanderi appears to be more similar to the Atlantic M. adenota than the co-occuring M. morseae. However, the one specimen of M. morseae we were able to examine by histology was a juvenile, so the adult condition of some characters (mostly dealing with the reproductive system) are unknown. Additionally, a new species of Hypomenia, H. sanjuanensis, is described also extending the geographic range of this previously monotypic genus known only from the Red Sea. DNA barcode sequences are provided to aid in the identification of these species as well as the sympatric species Meiomenia swedmarki Morse.
Histochemistry and ultrastructure of Campuloclinium chlorolepis (Asteraceae) tuberous roots accumulating fructan: evidences of functions other than reserve carbohydrate

Campuloclinium chlorolepis (Baker), an herbaceous species of the Cerrado, accumulates inulin-type fructans in the tuberous roots. Plants were collected in the Cerrado and the roots analysed using light and scanning electron microscopy. The presence of fructans was assessed by specific stain reactions and by high performance anion exchange chromatography. Here, we report the localisation of protein, phenols and neutral polysaccharides in the tuberous roots after staining with different dyes generally used in cytochemical analyses. Results showed the presence of fructans inside and outside cells from all tissues of tuberous roots with the exception of the epidermis. When visualised by scanning electron microscopy, globular bodies consistent with typical inulin spherocrystals were clearly detected under polarised light. These globular bodies varied in size according to location, being smaller in the cortical tissue and larger in the central cylinder. The localisation of fructans outside the cell in several tissues of the tuberous roots clearly shown by histochemical and ultrastructural analyses lead to the hypothesis of interaction of fructose polymers with cell membrane and possibly their role in membrane stabilisation in plants subjected to stressing environmental conditions.