Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Fatty Acid Synthetase Concentration and Activity during Adipocyte Differentiation

The activity, content, and turnover of the key lipogenic enzyme fatty acid synthetase were studied during the differentiation of 3T3-Ll preadipwytes into adipocytes. The specific activity of the enzyme began to rise sharply when triglyceride droplets were first detected in the cells (Day 3) and ultimately increased 13-fold to a new steady state level in adipocytes 7 days after the initiation of differentiation. Direct determinations of enzyme mass by competitive ~splacement radioimmunoassays disclosed that the cellular content of fatty acid synthetase increased in parallel with augmentations in activity. Fatty acid synthetase content increased 11-fold during differentiation and the enzyme accounted for 2.5 to 4.5% of the cytosolic protein in adipocytes. Pulse-labeling experiments revealed that marked elevations in the relative rate of synthetase synthesis preceded increases in enzyme activity and content by approximately 24 h. The relative rate of synthetase synthesis rose from 0.16% in preadipocytes to 2% in developing adipocytes over a period of 5 days and then decreased to a new steady state level of 1.3% in the “mature” adipocytes. In contrast, the half-life of fatty acid synthetase was very similar in preadipocytes (39 h) and adipocytes (45 h), suggesting that the 11-fold increment in enzyme content results from a comparable acceleration in the rate of enzyme synthesis. Treatment of developing adipocytes with adrenocorticotropic hormone, isoproterenol, or dibutyryl cyclic AMP elicited a 4-fold decrement in the rate of synthetase synthesis, thereby suggesting a possible role for lipolytic hormones in modulating the expression of fatty acid synthetase during development.
New Approach in Designing Resonance Cavity High-Gain Antenna Using Nontransparent Conducting Sheet as the Superstrate

A resonance cavity antenna (RCA) has been explored employing nontransparent solid metal sheet as superstrate which, to the best of our knowledge, is reported for the first time. The proposed configuration is much advantageous in terms of design, simplicity, structural stability, fabrication, and cost without compromising in gain, efficiency, and bandwidth. A probe-fed dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with εr = 10 has been used as the primary radiator. Proposed RCA bearing overall size 1. 1λ × 1. 1λ × 0. 6λ promises for large impedance bandwidth (~23%) with considerably high gain (11.8-12.2 dBi). The superstrate size is relatively compact compared to its semitransparent versions, investigated earlier. Present design has been experimentally validated indicating as much as 12 dBi peak gain with more than 96.5% efficiency.
Three dimensional (3D) analysis of the morphological changes induced by 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on human lymphoblastoid cells (Raji).

Human Raji B lymphoid cells after exposure for 64 h to a 1 mT (rms) 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic field showed a reorganization of membrane and cytoskeletal components. Atomic force microscopy in air revealed several modifications in 80% of the exposed cells, such as loss of microvilli-like structures followed by progressive appearance of membrane introflections. This change in plasma membrane morphology was also accompanied by a different actin distribution, as detected by phalloidin fluorescence. These observations support our previous hypothesis that electric and magnetic fields may modify the plasma membrane structure.
Work-Related Injuries Involving Children and Adolescents: Application of a Recursive Bivariate Probit Model

The probability of working children and adolescents aged between 5 and 17 years expe- riencing work-related injury was estimated using the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD – Pesquisa Nacional de Amostras por Domicilio) for 2001. Due to the endoge- nous nature of the “use of personal protective equipment” variable that appears on the right-hand side of the “work-related injury” equation, a recursive simultaneous probit model was estimated. In addition, the marginal effects were discussed and the expres- sions analytically derived. The results showed that tools and chemical products were the main cause of work-related injury, but variables such as the educational level of the household head and family income were also important. Moreover, workers living in the northeast of Brazil and working in the agricultural sector were most likely to experience work-related injury.
Post-urban/suburban landscapes : design and planning the centre, edge and in-between

The concept of landscape in contemporary cities is in a dynamic state of flux (Daidalos, 1999; Waldheim, 2006), yet urban design and planning tends to see landscapes as merely open space for recreation and areas set aside as nature reserves or urban public space (Vienna STEP05, 2005; Sydney Metropolitan Strategy, 2004). Such a reading is superficial and ignores the rich and complex contribution that landscape can play in 21 century cities. Limited interpretations of contemporary landscapes are of concern because urban landscapes, in the broadest sense, are being eroded in the city centre and at the edge, as well as in the wide area in between.
FfVel1 and FfLae1, components of a velvet‐like complex in Fusarium fujikuroi, affect differentiation, secondary metabolism and virulence

Besides industrially produced gibberellins (GAs), Fusarium fujikuroi is able to produce additional secondary metabolites such as the pigments bikaverin and neurosporaxanthin and the mycotoxins fumonisins and fusarin C. The global regulation of these biosynthetic pathways is only poorly understood. Recently, the velvet complex containing VeA and several other regulatory proteins was shown to be involved in global regulation of secondary metabolism and differentiation in Aspergillus nidulans. Here, we report on the characterization of two components of the F. fujikuroi velvet‐like complex, FfVel1 and FfLae1. The gene encoding this first reported LaeA orthologue outside the class of Eurotiomycetidae is upregulated in ΔFfvel1 microarray‐studies and FfLae1 interacts with FfVel1 in the nucleus. Deletion of Ffvel1 and Fflae1 revealed for the first time that velvet can simultaneously act as positive (GAs, fumonisins and fusarin C) and negative (bikaverin) regulator of secondary metabolism, and that both components affect conidiation and virulence of F. fujikuroi. Furthermore, the velvet‐like protein FfVel2 revealed similar functions regarding conidiation, secondary metabolism and virulence as FfVel1. Cross‐genus complementation studies of velvet complex component mutants between Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium support an ancient origin for this complex, which has undergone a divergence in specific functions mediating development and secondary metabolism.
PHOTOCONDUCTIVE SWITCH CHARACTERIZATION BY MEANS OF DEEP LEVEL SPECTROSCOPY

DLTS (deep level transient spectroscopy), PICTS (photo-induced current transient spectroscopy), and EBICTS (electron-beam induced current transient spectroscopy) are experimental techniques to determine the deep level spectrum of non-ideal semiconductors. These methods operate by externally exciting a sample of the material, and then monitoring the time constants of the subsequent return to equilibrium. We analyze the conventional ("rate window") method of evaluating the experimental data obtained by these techniques, and find it wanting in many respects. A new method (termed "spectral analysis") is then presented which is superior both in terms of accuracy and resolution, and which also makes the deep level spectroscopy techniques more suited for numerical evaluation.
Changing faces: visual and non-visual coding processes in face recognition.

Two experiments examined the effect of recognition accuracy and latency of changing the view of faces between presentation and test. In Expt 1, all the faces were unfamiliar to the subjects. Faces at test were either unchanged, or changed in angle (e.g. full face to 3/4), expression (e.g. smiling to unsmiling) or both. Unchanged faces were recognized more quickly and accurately than faces with a change in angle or expression which were in turn better than faces with both changed. In Expt 2, half the faces were highly familiar to the subjects, and at test unfamiliar and familiar faces were either unchanged or changed in both angle and expression. Unfamiliar faces were recognized more slowly and less accurately if changed at test, while familiar faces were recognized more slowly though no less accurately if change (though performance was effectively at ceiling). Familiar faces were recognized more quickly and accurately than unfamiliar, though false positive rates and rejection latencies were similar for familiars and unfamiliars. The results are discussed in terms of the combination of information from "pictorial', "structural', and "semantic' and "name' codes.
Accuracy Analysis Comparison of Supervised Classification Methods for Anomaly Detection on Levees Using SAR Imagery

This paper analyzes the use of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery to support levee condition assessment by detecting potential slide areas in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Levees are prone to a failure in the form of internal erosion within the earthen structure and landslides (also called slough or slump slides). If not repaired, slough slides may lead to levee failures. In this paper, we compare the accuracy of the supervised classification methods minimum distance (MD) using Euclidean and Mahalanobis distance, support vector machine (SVM), and maximum likelihood (ML), using SAR technology to detect slough slides on earthen levees. In this work, the effectiveness of the algorithms was demonstrated using quad-polarimetric L-band SAR imagery from the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s (JPL’s) uninhabited aerial vehicle synthetic aperture radar (UAVSAR). The study area is a section of the lower Mississippi River valley in the Southern USA, where earthen flood control levees are maintained by the US Army Corps of Engineers.
An application-level routing method for improving end-to-end network performance based on heuristic algorithm

Recent researches revealed that an application-level routing that chooses a route relaying other end-hosts can improve user-perceived performance. However, selfish selection of route by each application user would lead to decreasing the route performance due to route overlaps, and increasing the inter-ISP transit cost because of utilizing more transit links than IP routing. In the present paper, we first strictly define the application-level routing optimization problem using the routing matrix. We then propose an application-level routing method for improving end-to-end network performance and reducing the transit cost, which based on centralized and distributed processings based on simulated annealing. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method assuming that the PlanetLab nodes utilize an application-level routing. We show that the proposed method can achieve the large degree of improvement of network performance. Especially, in the case of using bandwidth as the routing metric, we can improve the performance by 87% on an average.
Combining transductive and active learning to improve object-based classification of remote sensing images

ABSTRACT In this letter, we propose a new active transductive learning (ATL) framework for object-based classification of satellite images. The framework couples graph-based label propagation with active learning (AL) to exploit positive aspects of the two learning settings. The transductive approach considers both labelled and unlabelled image objects to perform its classification as they are all available at training time while the AL strategy smartly guides the construction of the training set employed by the learner. The proposed framework was tested in the context of a land cover classification task using RapidEye optical imagery. A reference land cover map was elaborated over the whole study area in order to get reliable information about the performance of the ATL framework. The experimental evaluation underlines that, with a reasonable amount of training data, our framework outperforms state of the art classification methods usually employed in the field of remote sensing.
Investigation of fall-risk using a wearable device with accelerometers and rate gyroscopes

A clinical tool and an associated test that can assess fall-risk in elderly patients have been designed. The clinical tool was based on a wearable device with accelerometers and rate gyroscopes to identify trunk kinematic parameters. The test was based on a posturography protocol with different constraints and statistical analysis of the kinematic parameters. Statistical clustering based on the Mahalanobis distance was carried out using three groups of 30 subjects (1, age <65 years; 2, age ⩾65 years and 3, age ⩾65 years and a fall history). The method was statistically validated using three groups of 100 subjects. The test allowed discrimination of elderly subjects with a high fall-risk with high specificity ⩾0.930 and sensitivity ⩾ 0.939.
A synchronization profiler for hybrid full system simulation platform

A hybrid abstraction of a full system simulation platform can provide flexible hardware-and-software co-verification and co-simulation in early stage of system-on-a-chip development. Being a hybrid abstraction for the simulated system, it has the advantage of faster simulation speed; however, its lack of timing information and no performance-metric synchronization mechanism among the different abstraction levels of the simulation models present troubles in doing performance analysis. To facilitate performance evaluations for hybrid abstraction simulation systems, in this paper, we propose a synchronization profiler to enable cross-abstraction level performance analysis and at the same time retain the fast simulation advantage. This approach allows a design engineer to evaluate not only the interactions between an application and its accelerated hardware but also the corresponding device drivers as well as the OS kernel.
Voltage tunable sensitivity of piezoelectric materials based sensors and actuators

This paper presents the results from dynamic measurements of piezoelectric constant d33 using Atomic Force Microscopy. It is found that d33 constant linearly depends on the DC bias voltage applied across the pre-polarized samples of Polyninylidene Fluoride-Trifluoroethylene i.e. P(VDF-TrFE). Thus, the DC voltage can be used to tune the piezoelectric constant and hence the sensitivity of the sensors and actuators using piezoelectric materials.
Delay of coupling caused by excess additives

Use of excess quantity of additives such as 1‐hydroxybenzotriazole, 1‐hydroxy‐7‐azabenzotriazole, or 3,4‐dihydro‐3‐hydroxy‐4‐oxo‐1,2,3‐benzotriazine could retard carbodiimide‐mediated peptide coupling or aminolysis of the active esters in organic solvents generally employed in peptide chemistry. Solubility test and infrared spectroscopic data suggested that the amine components interacted with the additives to form some aggregates, which were less reactive toward acylation. The use of 0.1 equimolar additives against carboxyl components or carbodiimides was advantageous for rapid and efficient coupling reaction, especially when the carboxyl components were amino acids carrying urethane type N‐protecting groups. Copyright © 2005 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topology of Document Retrieval Systems

Document‐retrieval systems can be classified on the basis of the topology each system induces on its set of possible documents. The induced topology measures closeness among documents, with two documents considered close if a retrieval which includes one document is likely to also include the other. The induced topology may be distinct from the usual topology which the set of documents inherits from its indexing system. Under a reasonably general definition of document‐retrieval systems, the existence of a query which returns one of two preselected documents, but not the other, is a necessary and sufficient condition for the document‐retrieval system to induce not only a topology, but also a metric on its set of documents. The topological structure and induced metric of the following document‐retrieval systems are analyzed: the vector‐space model, the fuzzyset model, the extended‐Boolean model, a probabilistic model, and the TIRS model. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Noninvasive Follow-Up of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Wild-Living Nonhabituated Western Lowland Gorillas in Cameroon

ABSTRACT Simian immunodeficiency viruses infecting western lowland gorillas (SIVgor) are closely related to HIV-1 and are most likely the ancestors of HIV-1 groups O and P. At present, limited data are available on genetic diversity, transmission, viral evolution, and pathogenicity of SIVgor in its natural host. Between 2004 and 2011, 961 putative gorilla fecal samples were collected at the Campo Ma'an National Park, Cameroon. Among them, 16% cross-reacted with HIV-1 antibodies, corresponding to at least 34 infected gorillas. Combining host genotyping and field data, we identified four social groups composed of 7 to 15 individuals each, with SIV rates ranging from 13% to 29%. Eleven SIVgor-infected gorillas were sampled multiple times; two most likely seroconverted during the study period, showing that SIVgor continues to spread. Phylogenetic analysis of partial env and pol sequences revealed cocirculation of closely related and divergent strains among gorillas from the same social group, indicating SIVgor transmissions within and between groups. Parental links could be inferred for some gorillas infected with closely related strains, suggesting vertical transmission, but horizontal transmission by sexual or aggressive behavior was also suspected. Intrahost molecular evolution in one gorilla over a 5-year period showed viral adaptations characteristic of escape mutants, i.e., V1V2 loop elongation and an increased number of glycosylation sites. Here we show for the first time the feasibility of noninvasive monitoring of nonhabituated gorillas to study SIVgor infection over time at both the individual and population levels. This approach can also be applied more generally to study other pathogens in wildlife.
Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT2 Glucose Transporter Isoforms in Rat Islets of Langerhans and Their Regulation by Glucose

Previous studies revealed that rat islets express the GLUT2-liver facilitative glucose transporter isoform, a glucose carrier with a low affinity for glucose but a high capacity for glucose transport. These studies indicated the presence of a second glucose transporter in rat islets; however, they did not indicate to which of the five known facilitative glucose transporters it corresponded. In this study, we isolated RNA from rat islets of Langerhans and confirmed the presence of GLUT2 mRNA. In addition, we present dataindicating that the second isoform expressed in islets is the GLUT1-erythrocyte isoform.The effect of culturing islets in 5.5, 8.3, or 11.1 mM glucose on the levels of GLUT1 and GLUT2 mRNA also was examined. The levels of GLUT1 and GLUT2 mRNA were two- and threefold higher, respectively, in islets cultured for 24 h in 11.1 mM glucose compared with those incubated in the presence of 5.5 mM glucose. Therefore, the previously observed increase in GLUT2 mRNA levels in the islets of rats made hyperglycemic by chronic infusion of glucose can be mimicked in vitro, implying that glucose regulates GLUT2 mRNA expression.
Decomposition Proportional Fairness Algorithm for Multiuser OFDM Systems

In this paper, we formulate a proportional fairness problem for downlink OFDM systems. Different from all the previous works, a completely new framework is presented by decomposing it into two levels: the master problem and the subproblems. Our proposed algorithm could remarkably reduce the computational complexity in the base station and the feedback overhead. Numerical results demonstrate that this algorithm could provide much better proportional fairness as well as enhance the system throughput.
Loss of Par-1a/MARK3/C-TAK1 Kinase Leads to Reduced Adiposity, Resistance to Hepatic Steatosis, and Defective Gluconeogenesis

ABSTRACT Par-1 is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase required for polarity in worms, flies, frogs, and mammals. The mammalian Par-1 family consists of four members. Knockout studies of mice implicate Par-1b/MARK2/EMK in regulating fertility, immune homeostasis, learning, and memory as well as adiposity, insulin hypersensitivity, and glucose metabolism. Here, we report phenotypes of mice null for a second family member (Par-1a/MARK3/C-TAK1) that exhibit increased energy expenditure, reduced adiposity with unaltered glucose handling, and normal insulin sensitivity. Knockout mice were protected against high-fat diet-induced obesity and displayed attenuated weight gain, complete resistance to hepatic steatosis, and improved glucose handling with decreased insulin secretion. Overnight starvation led to complete hepatic glycogen depletion, associated hypoketotic hypoglycemia, increased hepatocellular autophagy, and increased glycogen synthase levels in Par-1a−/− but not in control or Par-1b−/− mice. The intercrossing of Par-1a−/− with Par-1b−/− mice revealed that at least one of the four alleles is necessary for embryonic survival. The severity of phenotypes followed a rank order, whereby the loss of one Par-1b allele in Par-1a−/− mice conveyed milder phenotypes than the loss of one Par-1a allele in Par-1b−/− mice. Thus, although Par-1a and Par-1b can compensate for one another during embryogenesis, their individual disruption gives rise to distinct metabolic phenotypes in adult mice.
On Edge Cloud Service Provision with Distributed Home Servers

Edge computing has been proposed for new types of cloud services, which need computing infrastructure at the network edge. Driven by important use cases from the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, edge cloud computing has also a huge business potential. Edge computing devices are already operational in many industrial and consumer-oriented scenarios. A typical characteristic of these solutions is, however, that the hardware and software platforms in use are proprietary and closed. The interaction among the different vendor platforms, and their extension with third party services, in general, is not well supported. As a consequence, the opportunities for third party providers to build new tailored edge services on these platforms face significant barriers. In this paper we argue to build a collaborative edge cloud deployed on home servers. We position the proposed system and describe its building elements, where we use Docker containers for provisioning the services.