Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of the Violence Against Women Screen

Objective: To develop and validate a domestic violence screening tool that can be used in the Japanese prenatal setting. Method: Three hundred and twenty-eight pregnant women in a prenatal setting completed a 9-item, three-point Likert scale, Violence Against Women Screen (VAWS), the GHQ 30, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and an psychometrically established scale, the Japanese Version of the Index of Spouse Abuse. Results: Using an item analysis, the VAWS was revised from the original nine items to seven items. Factor analysis and principle component analysis were used to estimate construct validity for single factor structure. The VAWS showed evidence of fair reliability (Cronbach's ƒ¿=.70). Credible concurrent validity with the GHQ 30, r=. 30 and the Self-esteem Scale, r=-. 26 was demonstrated. In addition, the sensitivity of the VAWS was 86.7% and the specificity was 80.2 %, the positive likelihood ratio was 4.38 based on the Japanese Version of Index of Spouse Abuse. The sensitivity of the self-administered questionnaire was higher than that of the face-toface interviews (89% vs. 83%). Conclusions: The self-administered questionnaire was a better method for screening women in that it correctly identified more abused women than the face to face interviews. The VAWS is a valid and reliable screening tool that can be used with confidence in prenatal settings in Japan.
Effect of Neuroligin1 and Neurexin1 on the Colonic Motility in a Mouse Model of Neuronal Intestinal Dysplasia

Aim To investigate the expressions of neuroligin1 (NL1) and neurexin1 (NX1) in a mouse model of neuronal intestinal dysplasia (Tlx2−/− mice) and to explore their effects on colonic motility. Methods Immunohistochemistry staining was employed to explore the histological appearances of NL1, NX1, the presynaptic marker of glutamatergic synapses VGLUT1, and the subunit of NMDA receptors of NR1 in the colon of mice with or without Tlx2 mutation. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were performed to detect their relative expressions in the colon. Colonic motility was measured by a glass bead technique. Then, the Tlx2−/− mice were intervened by Huperzine A. Variations on expressions of NL1, NX1, VGLUT1, and NR1 and variations on colonic motility were measured. Additionally, serum concentrations of Glu were measured by ELISA. Results Immunohistochemistry staining reveals that NL1, NX1, VGLUT1, and NR1 were mainly concentrated in the myenteric plexus of ENS. Compared to those in WT and Tlx2+/- mice, expressions of NL1 and NX1 in colon of Tlx2−/− mice were upregulated with increased VGLUT1 and NR1 abundances and impaired colonic motility (P < 0.05). After intervention, the upregulated expressions of NL1 and NX1 were decreased with a correlated reduce of VGLUT1 and NR1 and a recovery of the impaired colonic motility (P < 0.05). After intervention, the upregulated expressions of NL1 and NX1 were decreased with a correlated reduce of VGLUT1 and NR1 and a recovery of the impaired colonic motility (P < 0.05). After intervention, the upregulated expressions of NL1 and NX1 were decreased with a correlated reduce of VGLUT1 and NR1 and a recovery of the impaired colonic motility ( Conclusion NL1 and NX1 are closely related to the colonic motility through their effects of targeting the formation of glutamatergic synapses and may be involved in the pathogenesis of NID. The variations of serum Glu seem to be a potential and less painful auxiliary measure for colonic motility and NID.
Temperature Influence on Emergence Success and Swimming Speed for In-Situ Nesting for Chelonia mydas in Penang Island, Malaysia

The study was performed in Penang Island, Malaysia from October 2013 to March 2015. This is the first study performed by using the in-situ incubation method, and the eggs were incubated naturally at Kerachut. As the in-situ procedure is not advisable to be performed due to risk from eggs poachers and predator disturbance, only nine nests were incubated. Three objectives were formulated: First, to determine the influence of sand temperature on the hatching success and emergence success. Second, to evaluate the effects of sand temperature on hatchlings swimming speed, and third, to observe the pattern of hatchling emergence between day-time and night-time. The result shows that there is significant correlation between hatching success and emergence success on the sand temperature, and also a significant correlation between sand temperature and swimming speed. Furthermore, the study identified that the hatchling emerges during nighttime rather than day-time, and the percentage was 94.18%, 80.67% and 78.05%, based on observation from Day 1 until Day 3. The overall mean hatchlings straight carapace length was 40.80 mm ± 5.08, mean hatchlings straight carapace width was 31.78 mm ± 4.55, and mean hatchlings weight was 20.5 g ± 1.22. For future conservation, first, the sample size of in-situ nests is suggested to be increased because the result from the study provides a new knowledge, and widens the scope of the research by including the study on hatchlings locomotors performance (crawling performance and self-righting performance). Second, additional study on the relationship between surroundings water temperatures on the swimming speed performance is also suggested. This paper provides basic knowledge for the first research of in-situ nesting in Penang Island, and the recommendation may benefit the management of the Kerachut Turtle Conservation Centre.
A MODEL OF ENTREPRENEUR SUCCESS: LINKING THEORY AND PRACTICE

Drawing from human capital theory and theory of opportunity identification, this research aims to develop and test a theoretical model of entrepreneur success by exploring factors leading to entrepreneurial success and investigating the relationship links on how these success factors influence entrepreneurial success. Using a sample of 222 Cambodian successful entrepreneurs and the structural equations modeling technique for data analysis, we found significant relationships between human capital and opportunity identification with entrepreneur success. We examined theoretically derived factors leading to entrepreneur success and the relationship was higher for external factor (opportunity, resource and business characteristics) than internal factor (demographics, personality, and competence). This paper provides an alternative model that challenges the existing models of entrepreneur success and this alternative model, which is in-line with human capital theory and opportunity identification theory, offers sufficient flexibility to entrepreneur success in any particular entrepreneurial context.
Project on Education and Youth Transitions in England , Wales and Scotland , 1984-2002 Working Paper 9 NATIONAL AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN EXPERIENCES OF COMPULSORY SCHOOLING IN BRITAIN : TRENDS 1984-99

The aim of this paper is to examine differences between the regions of England and the national territories of England, Wales and Scotland, including inequalities and change over time, in truancy, perceptions of school, and attainment in compulsory education. The question it raises is whether regional differences are as great as the differences between the national systems. So far, the main focus of the EYT project has been “home international” comparison of trends in the three home nations (Raffe et al 1999). We have argued that their administrative systems of education differ in ways that are associated with historic and cultural differences, and divergence in education policy has made the Scottish and Welsh systems more comprehensive than that in England, and provided less support for education markets, specialisation and diversity (Croxford and Raffe 2005). We have examined the extent to which these policies have led to differences in outcomes, and found some evidence that in the period since 1984 social class inequalities in attainment have weakened in Scotland to a greater extent than in England, but no evidence of a similar trend in Wales. Can we claim that the Scottish education system is intrinsically different than elsewhere in Britain, and has become more egalitarian? Or, are we making false comparisons, and are there diverse regional systems within England that lead to equally different educational experiences and outcomes?
Civil War March 2009

Abstract: Most nations have experienced an internal armed conflict since 1960. The past decade has witnessed an explosion of research into the causes and consequences of civil wars, belatedly bringing the topic into the economics mainstream. This article critically reviews this interdisciplinary literature and charts productive paths forward. Formal theory has focused on a central puzzle: why do civil wars occur at all when, given the high costs of war, groups have every incentive to reach an agreement that avoids fighting? Explanations have focused on information asymmetries and the inability to sign binding contracts in the absence of the rule of law. Economic theory has made less progress, however, on the thornier (but equally important) problems of why armed groups form and cohere, and why individuals decide to fight. Likewise, the actual behavior of armed organizations and their leaders is poorly understood. On the empirical side, a vast cross-country econometric literature has aimed to identify the causes of civil war. While most work is plagued by econometric identification problems, low per capita incomes, slow economic growth and geographic conditions favoring insurgency are the factors most robustly linked to civil war. We argue that micro-level analysis and data are needed to truly decipher war’s causes, and understand the recruitment, organization, and conduct of armed groups. Recent advances in this area are highlighted. Finally, turning to the economic legacies of war, we frame the literature in terms of neoclassical economic growth theory. Emerging stylized facts include the ability of some economies to experience rapid macroeconomic recoveries, while certain human capital impacts appear more persistent. Yet econometric identification has not been adequately addressed, and there is little consensus on the most effective policies to avert conflicts or promote postwar recovery. The evidence is weakest where it is arguably most important: in understanding civil wars’ effects on institutions, technology, and social norms.
Active optical sensing with randomized coded light for intentional interference tolerance

We propose active sensing scheme to strengthen the security on the stage of collecting information using an image sensor. The selective-signal detective image sensor is employed to detect only the reflected light from incident light including attacking light modulated by modulation frequency.For strengthening the security, proposed active sensing scheme have employed the coded light instead of the modulated light. But using the coded light as is, the integration time varies on which coded light is used. The specific coded light is proposed for constant integration time. The signal-selectivity with coded light and modulated light is measured and explained. The pixel value become a peak in the case with the coded light when the sampling operation of the image sensor is fixed with the coded sampling. Comparison with fixed sampling with modulated light, overall noise increases, and SNR decreases from 5.9 dB to 2.5 dB by 57.6%.
Pratik Açıdan SQLite ve Firebase Veritabanlarının Bir Performans Karşılaştırması

Android an itibariyle dünyanın en çok kullanılan mobil işletim sistemidir. Android’in resmi olarak desteklediği iki veritabanı yönetim sistemi SQLite ve Firebase’dir. Android Yazılım Geliştirme Kit’i, geliştiricilere bu veritabanınlarında verilerini depolayan uygulamalar geliştirebilmeleri için dahili paketler sunmaktadır. Bu aşamada, bu veritabanlarının performans karşılaştırmasının açığa çıkartılması gerekmektedir. Bu sebeple, bu çalışma kapsamında en çok kullanılan veri işlemlerini kapsayan çeşitli deneyleri bu veritabanları üzerinde yürüten bir Android uygulaması geliştirilmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar, veri silme dışında SQLite’ın Firebase’e göre daha iyi performans sağladığını göstermektedir. SQLite ile Firebase arasındaki performans farklılıkları (1) veri işlem tipine ve (2) yönetilen veri boyutuna bağlı olarak değişkenlik göstermektedir.
H-GAN: Deep Learning Model for Halftoning and its Reconstruction

Digital halftone deals with transforming a gray scale image into its printable binary version. In this paper, a generative adversarial network-based model is proposed to perform both halftoning and its structural reconstruction. The GAN model is based on the concept of unpaired image to image translation and the model learns both transformations simultaneously. For optimal training, the model is feed with high structural data and the model architechture is also modified in accordance to this transformation problem. From results, it has been validated that the model performs with consistent accuracy in both transformations.
7/RT/13 Was the Securities Markets Programme Effective in Stabilizing Irish Yields?

We examine whether the ECB’s Securities Markets Programme (SMP) was effective in reversing or stabilising adverse movements in Irish sovereign yields. Our initial analysis examines whether daily yield movements responded significantly to interventions. At the daily frequency we find no significant effects despite dealing with endogeneity and omitted variable bias. In contrast, making use of the exact timing of interventions and movements in high-frequency inter-dealer quotes, we find clear evidence that SMP stabilised yields on average from the moment of the initial intervention until the end of trading on intervention days. However, adverse pre-intervention movements were significant and these were seldom reversed by intervention effects.
SPAD array sensitivity improvement by diffractive microlens

In this paper we present sensitivity improvement of SPAD pixel using diffractive microlens. We designed microlens structures based on rigorous optical simulations, then we developed the process for thick optical spacer and thin amorphous silicon deposition, on which diffractive structures were defined by lithography and etching. These microlenses have been implemented two SPAD designs available on STMicroelectronics 40nm CMOS testchips (32×32 SPAD array). Circuits were characterized and we demonstrated, depending on SPAD design, high optical gain at 850nm (×2.7 to ×5.3) and significant gain at 940nm (×1.6 to ×2.4).
NEW LEADING/TRAILING EDGE MODULATION STRATEGIES FOR TWO-STAGE PFC AC/DC ADAPTERS TO REDUCE DC-LINK CAPACITOR

New Leading/Trailing Edge Modulation Strategies for Two-Stage PFC AC/DC Adapters to Reduce DC-Link Capacitor Ripple Current. (May 2007) Jing Sun, B.E. , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Prasad Enjeti AC/DC adapters mostly employ two-stage topology: Power Factor Correction (PFC) pre-regulation stage followed by an isolated DC/DC converter stage. Low power AC/DC adapters require a small size to be competitive. Among their components, the bulk DClink capacitor is one of the largest because it should keep the output voltage with low ripple. Also, the size of this capacitor is penalized due to the universal line voltage application. Synchronization through employing leading edge modulation for the first PFC stage and trailing edge modulation for the second DC/DC converter stage can significantly reduce the ripple current and ripple voltage of the DC-link capacitor. Thus, a smaller DC-link capacitance can be used, lowering the cost and size of the AC/DC adapter. Benefits of the synchronous switching scheme were already demonstrated experimentally. However, no mathematical analysis was presented. In this thesis, detailed mathematical analyses in per-unit quantity are given to facilitate the calculation of the DC-link capacitor ripple current reduction with Leading/Trailing Edge Modulation strategies.
Anarchy, State, and Utopia: Timothy Snyder’s Interpretive Framework for the Holocaust Applied to Norway under the Nazi Occupation, 1940–45

Timothy Snyder has suggested an interpretive framework of the Holocaust that runs counter to previous scholarly literature as well as to popular perception. Snyder’s central thesis is that the mass murder of Europe’s Jewish population should be understood in the context of Nazi policy towards occupied states and the different levels of sovereignty retained by those states. This article applies the criteria of Snyder’s concept of “state destruction” on the Nazi occupation of Norway, and finds that Snyder’s interpretation of the mechanisms behind the Holocaust derives further support from the Norwegian case. Norway meets eight of the eleven criteria. However, this does not include the complete destruction of its bureaucracy nor the criteria that depend on a state having experienced “double occupation”, first by the Soviet Union and then by Nazi Germany. Norway is thus an intermediate case on the spectrum of state destruction and constitutes one of the closest approximations of statelessness in Western Europe during the Holocaust. This finding is a complement both to Snyder’s analysis and to the scholarly discussion of its validity.
Vision-Based Parking Slot Detection Based on End-to-End Semantic Segmentation Training

This work presented an end-to-end training model for parking slot detection in automatic parking systems (APSs), which combined both a line and a point semantic segmentation models based on multi-task learning. The proposed models generate images of entrance line and center points of corners, and are used to determine the coordinates of actual parking slots in the post processing step. The recall, precision and F-measure rate of the proposed method are 92.94%, 99.40% and 96.06%, respectively, which are better than existing state-of-the-art methods with end-to-end training.
Multi-modal Sensor Module for Outdoor Robots

For autonomous navigation or performing missions, robots need a variety of information. Especially, in order to operate in outdoor environments such as weather conditions, night and daytime, multi-type of sensor data is required. In this paper, we propose a multi-modal sensor module for various sensors. In addition, the sensor data can be usefully calibrated. For example, distance values that are difficult to obtain in RGBD images can be measured using LiDAR data. Therefore, the proposed module is useful in most outdoor environments and can be easily installed in various robots.
Histological profile of melanocytic lesions excised in a Dermatology service, based on clinical and dermoscopic criteria

Introduction: The gold standard diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma is essentially histological. Dermoscopy adds to clinical examination improved sensitivity and specificity. Objective: To evaluate the histological profile of risk melanocytic lesions excised in a dermatology service. Methods: Case review through Excel spreadsheet and survey of dermoscopic, histological and topographic data (January 2017 to December 2018). Results: Data from 62 suspected melanoma lesions were evaluated in this period. The main histological results were: melanocytic nevi (37.1%), melanoma (19.35%), and dysplastic nevi (17.7%). Conclusions: The positive predictive value for melanoma was 19.35%, considering the search for an early diagnosis in patients at risk.
Managerial Skills of Hospital Administrators

The aim of this study is to identify the decision-making and problem-solving skill levels of hospital administrators and to determine these skills’ interrelations with other administrative skills. The study comprised a population of 494 hospital administrators (head doctors, hospital managers, head nurses and their assistants) and was carried out in 26 hospitals affiliated to the Ministry of Health in the city centre of Ankara. Three hundred and thirty-four administrators (67 per cent of the population) participated in the study. To identify the decision-making, problem-solving and other administrative skill levels of the hospital administrators, a scale developed by Sperry (2003) and adapted into Turkish by Şimşek (2006) was used. As a result of the study; a weak, positive and statistically significant relationship has been found between the decision-making and problem-solving skills of hospital administrators and their motivation, loyalty and team performance skills. However, it was determined that there is a moderate, positive and statistically significant relationship between the skills of the delegation and empowerment, effective and strategic communication, conflict management, coaching, consulting and negotiating, the fit of organizational resources with human resources, and time and stress management. It could be suggested that more research be carried out into the reasons why other management skills are at moderately developed levels and that training programmes be organized to develop these skills.
Mine is Bigger than Yours! Narcissism Predicts Biases in Perceived Head Size

The expression big headed is often used to describe narcissists, however is it possible that this term signals a bias in how narcissists perceive themselves? We tested whether narcissistic traits predicted biases in the estimated size and weight of specific body parts, including head circumference and brain weight. In two questionnaire-based studies, participants estimated the size or weight of parts of their body. In Study 1 (n = 316), we found that the Leadership/Authority facet of narcissism significantly predicted greater estimates of head circumference in men, but lower estimates of head circumference in women. In Study 2 (n = 275), we found that when a sex-specific average head circumference was not provided, Leadership/Authority predicted greater estimates of head circumference overall. We present evidence that narcissism predicts biases in estimated head size and brain weight, but that the precise nature of these biases is dependent on the provided frame of reference for body size. These results are discussed with reference to within-sex competitive strategies, perceived intelligence and stereotypes for male and female attractiveness.
A multiomics comparison between endometrial cancer and serous ovarian cancer

Background Endometrial carcinoma (EC) and serous ovarian carcinoma (OvCa) are both among the common cancer types in women. EC can be divided into two subtypes, endometroid EC and serous-like EC, with distinct histological characterizations and molecular phenotypes. There is an increasing awareness that serous-like EC resembles serous OvCa in genetic landscape, but a clear relationship between them is still lacking. Methods Here, we took advantage of the large-scale molecular profiling of The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) to compare the two EC subtypes and serous OvCa. We used bioinformatics data analytic methods to systematically examine the somatic mutation (SM) and copy number alteration (SCNA), gene expression, pathway activities, survival gene signatures and immune infiltration. Based on these quantifiable molecular characterizations, we asked whether serous-like EC should be grouped more closely to serous OvCa, based on the context of being serous-like; or if should be grouped more closely to endometroid EC, based on the same organ origin. Results We found that although serous-like EC and serous OvCa share some common genotypes, including mutation and copy number alteration, they differ in molecular phenotypes such as gene expression and signaling pathway activity. Moreover, no shared prognostic gene signature was found, indicating that they use unique genes governing tumor progression. Finally, although the endometrioid EC and serous OvCa are both highly immune infiltrated, the immune cell composition in serous OvCa is mostly immune suppressive, whereas endometrioid EC has a higher level of cytotoxic immune cells. Overall, our genetic aberration and molecular phenotype characterizations indicated that serous-like EC and serous OvCa cannot be simply treated as a simple “serous” cancer type. In particular, additional attention should be paid to their unique gene activities and tumor microenvironments for novel targeted therapy development.