Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Satisfaction with Democracy? A Global Analysis of “Satisfaction with Democracy” Measures

Asking citizens “the way democracy works” is the basis of a wide literature on the support citizens have for their political institutions and is one of the most common survey items in political science. Moreover, it is a key indicator for the purported global decline in legitimacy. Yet, its trends, levels, and dynamics are still debated, and conclusions may be erroneous. In this paper, we compile a unique global dataset between 1973 and 2018 encompassing all major cross-national datasets and national election studies in twelve countries to study the dynamics and consistency of “satisfaction with democracy” (SWD) measures globally. Our results show that while trends and between-country differences in democratic satisfaction are largely similar, the levels of satisfaction vary substantially between survey projects, and both trends and levels vary significantly in several widely studied countries. We show that this has consequences at the individual level: opting for one survey over another may alter our conclusions about the relationship between key demographics and SWD. Thus, researchers studying SWD should endeavor to consult diverse survey sources and should be cautious about their conclusions when they do not, especially when it comes to making claims about changes in SWD over time.
Numerical and experimental analysis of a flame-retardant polymer material after extrusion through the printing nozzle of fused filament fabrication system

Abstract Research focuses on developing a novel flame-retardant filament utilizing acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) by the numerical approach using finite element analysis (FEM)-based software, COMSOL Multiphysics to overcome nozzle clogging and establish optimal three-dimensional (3D)-printing parameters. The developed FEM model enabled the numerical testing of differently shaped nozzles and proven the benefit of using a low-convergence angle (60°) nozzle because of the greater magnitude of pressure drop at nozzle tip compared with that of a high-convergence angle (120°) nozzle, a slightly better temperature distribution at the nozzle region, and smoother flow of the melted filament. Experimental tests results demonstrated the feasibility of using fused filament fabrication 3D printing to apply on ABS composite directly, and the printed samples retain their properties. An improvement in the burning test showed a V 0 rating, thermal stability 13% at 800 °C, and the heat release rate of ∼390 W/g compared with neat ABS (∼501 W/g).
Moiré Perovskite Photodetector toward High‐Sensitive Digital Polarization Imaging

Perovskite (PVK) photodetectors (PDs) have emerged as highly‐efficient versatile optoelectrical devices due to their highly efficient and simple solution‐processable preparation method. Meanwhile, optical structures offer an efficient and facile strategy to improve the light‐harvesting performance of devices and introduce extra optical activity such as polarization sensitivity. Here, an efficient moiré perovskite photodetector with a stacked dual shallow grating structure is designed and fabricated, and sensitive digital polarization imaging is realized. The moiré PVK presents superior ability in light harvesting through the synergistic effects of feedback reflection, diffraction, and excitation of waveguide modes in the dual grating structure. Additionally, the highly crystalline PVK is fabricated through the imprint lithography process. Consequently, excellent device performance is achieved by taking advantage of highly‐efficient light‐harvesting and the good electrical properties of large grain PVK crystals. The responsivity (R) and detectivity (D*) of the moiré PVK PD are up to 15.62 A W and 5.58 × 1013 Jones, which are 6.7 and 7.8 times larger than that of the flat perovskite photodetector, respectively. The on/off ratio reaches 2.7 × 104. The nanograting array introduces good polarization sensitivity to the moiré PVK PD achieving a peak‐to‐valley ratio of 1.58. Excellent polarization images are obtained using a 576 pixel sensor array.
Using mobile technologies to enhance learning and improve student engagement in the dance studio

ABSTRACT This collaboration between the dance and learning technology departments at Bath Spa University, sought to develop a dance repertoire module with the use of mobile technologies, in order to enhance collaborative and discursive opportunities for students. The introduction of mobile technologies into a face-to-face teaching environment initiated a blended model of teaching and learning whereby the technology became a partner to the existing practice. The module was taught within the first year of the BA(Hons) Dance course, with 39 female and three male undergraduate students participating over a two-year period. The purpose of the project was to apply specialist ICT knowledge to teaching spaces, in order to diversify established practices. In light of this purpose, the project design was driven by Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) whereby historically established working methods are brought to question through a new tool; the mobile application ‘Coach’s Eye’. Through the collection of tutor observations, student journals and post-project interviews, it was clear that Coach’s Eye had facilitated a more democratic environment and greater range of activity. The extent to which the addition of technologically-supported learning improved student engagement and enhanced the learning would require further research utilising data designed for that purpose.
Optically illusive architecture (OIA): Introduction and evaluation using virtual reality

Architects and designers communicate their ideas within a range of representational methods. No single instance of these methods, either in the form of orthographic projections or perspectival representation, can address all questions regarding the design, but as a whole, they demonstrate a comprehensive range of information about the building or object they intend to represent. This explicates an inevitable degree of deficiency in representation, regardless of its type. In addition, perspective-based optical illusions manipulate our spatial perception by deliberately misrepresenting the reality. In this regard, they are not new concepts to architectural representation. As a consequence, Optically Illusive Architecture (OIA) is proposed, not as a solution to fill the gap between the representing and represented spaces, but as a design paradigm whose concept derives from and accounts for this gap. By OIA we aim to cast light to an undeniable role of viewpoints in designing architectural spaces. The idea is to establish a methodology in a way that the deficiency of current representational techniques—manifested as specific thread of optical illusions—flourishes into thoughtful results embodied as actual architectural spaces. Within our design paradigm, we define a framework to be able to effectively analyze its precedents, generate new space, and evaluate their efficiencies. Moreover, the framework raises a hierarchical set of questions to differentiate OIA from a visual gimmick. Furthermore, we study two OIA-driven environments, by conducting empirical studies using Virtual Reality (VR). These studies bear essential information, in terms of design performance, and the public’s ability to engage and interact with an OIA space, prior to the actual fabrication of the structures.
Ayahuasca prevents oxidative stress in a rat model of depression elicited by unpredictable chronic mild stress

ABSTRACT Background: Depression is a highly disabling common mental disorder and, due to its multifactorial nature, the development of effective therapies is challenging and of great relevance. Ayahuasca (AYA), an entheogenic traditional beverage, has emerged as an alternative for antidepressant treatment, however, AYA preclinical and clinical trials are still incipient. Objectives: This investigation aimed to evaluate some behavioral and biochemical effects of AYA subchronic administration in rats submitted to a model of depression elicited by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Methods: 500 mg/kg of AYA was administered in adult male rats once a day for 15 days before submitting the animals to UCMS. Anhedonia-like and locomotion behavior, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities, and sulfhydryl/nitrite content were evaluated. Results: AYA intake failed to prevent anhedonia-like behavior. Locomotion was not altered by AYA consumption or by the experimental condition. UCMS increased TBARS and nitrites levels, decreased the levels of catalase in the cerebral cortex and of Sulfhydryl in the hippocampus. AYA treatment counteracted these biochemical alterations but did not display any alterations in non-stressed rats. Conclusions: Taken together, results indicate an adaptogenic antioxidant molecular mechanism of AYA in relation to depression induced by stress.
A Systematic Literature Review on Additive Manufacturing in the Context of Circular Economy

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is, undoubtedly, one of the most promising and potentially disruptive technologies of the Industry 4.0 era, able to transform the traditional manufacturing paradigm and fuel the generally accepted and necessary shift towards the conceptualisation, design and adoption of sustainable and circular business models. The objective of this paper is to contribute to the structure of the scientific field residing in the intersection of AM and Circular Economy (CE), by determining the status of its current state-of-the-art, proposing an initial typology in an attempt to contribute to the existing efforts of structuring this rather novice research area and pinpointing research gaps where more focus should be put, and highlighting areas with a significant potential for added-value future research. To that end, a sample of 206 papers, published from 2014 to 2020, was retrieved from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. After studying and critically evaluating their content in full, contributions were classified into six thematic categories, providing a first typology of the current literature, followed by a detailed section highlighting and taxonomizing existing review studies. Next, contributions of the three categories of interest are discussed followed by a critical evaluation of the study’s contribution, inherent limitations and future research potential.
EFFECT OF SOME BIOCIDES ON THE VASE LIFE OF CARNATION (DIANTHUS CARYOPHYLLUS L.) CUT FLOWERS

Corresponding author: Amani I. Adam amaniadm@hotmail.com ABSTRACT: The current study was carried out at Antoniades Research Branch, Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst. , ARC, Alexandria, Egypt, over two consecutive seasons of 2019 and 2020. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of silver nitrate (AgNO3) at (20, 30, and 40 mg l-1), 8hydroxyquinoline sulfate (8-HQS) at (50, 100, and 200 mg l-1), citric acid (CA) at (50, 100, and 150 mg l-1) and salicylic acid (SA) at (100, 150, and 200 mg l-1) as holding preservative solutions for reducing bacterial decay and prolonging the vase life on cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers. The following records were evaluated at the conclusion of the experiment: vase life (days), which was calculated as the number of days before the flowers started to wilt, loss of flower fresh weight percentage (LFFW percent), final water uptake (g), flower fresh weight/flower dry weight ratio (FWR), relative fresh weight, vase solution uptake rate, and several chemical component tests. The results showed that the highest significant improvement in most measurements were obtained when treated with silver nitrate AgNO3 at a concentration of 30 mg l-1 including improved vase life, final water uptake, flower fresh weight/flower dry weight ratio, chlorophyll a & b, carotene content, and sugars content. It also reduced the number of bacterial colonies in the vase water. The treatment with 8-hydroquinoline sulfate at 200 mg l-1 was the closest to that treatment in most of the studied characteristics.
Legal or unenforceable? Violations of trade regulations and the case of the Philippine Sailfin Lizard Hydrosaurus pustulatus (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae)

The Philippine Sailfin Lizard (Agamidae: Hydrosaurus pustulatus) is a nationally protected Philippine endemic species. It is threatened by habitat destruction, pollution and overexploitation for the domestic pet trade, yet less is known about the international component of the trade. Here we investigate the international trade in Hydrosaurus spp. (H. weberi, H. amboinensis, and H. pustulatus) with an emphasis on H. pustulatus. We analysed international seizures combined with international online sales and trade data for the United States of America (USA). The export of H. pustulatus from the Philippines has been prohibited since 1991, except under special circumstances, yet they continue to be traded internationally, and we found evidence for trade in Asia, Europe, and North America. Most of these animals, however, were declared to be captive-bred. While imports to and exports from the US consisted mostly of other species of Hydrosaurus, H. pustulatus was by far the most coveted species online, with prices significantly higher for H. pustulatus than any of the other species. While not many seizures have occurred outside the Philippines, even wild-caught individuals were found to be ‘legally’ imported to the USA – in apparent violation of the Lacey Act. We recommend H. pustulatus to be listed in CITES Appendix III, in order for countries other than the USA to have a legal basis to seize wild-caught animals trafficked from the Philippines and to monitor trade in captive-bred specimens. Further, we suggest the use of automated cross-referencing between imported species and the national protection status of the species’ native range states to ensure that legislation violations are detected at the point of import.
Natural Pigments Production by Local Bacterial Isolates for Use as Antibacterial and Antioxidant

Among 46 local bacterial isolates capable synthetized pigments, 26% produced extracellular of blue green and fluorescent whereas 74% produced intra-cellular pigments of red, brown, yellow, orange, and rose. Seven isolates were selected as a potential candidate for the synthesis of pigments. They were Pseudomonas fluoresces, P. aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Azotobacter chroococcum, Micrococcus kristinae, M. luteus, and M. roseus after their morphological and biochemical studies. They capable to produce fluorescent, blue green, red, brown, orange, yellow, and rose with maximum absorbance at 400, 520, 530, 320, 440, 460, and 470 nm, with an optical density of 0.62, 1.42,1.35, 1.11, 0.45, 0.98, and 0.40, respectively. Antibacterial activity of pigments was studied against 7 bacterial pathogenic strains namely P. aeruginosa ATCC27853, Escherichia coli 0157h7 ATCC25922, Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC00607, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC25566, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC19115, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737, and Bacillus cereus ATCC33018. The last tested strain behaved high significant (p≤ 0.05) sensitivity for blue green, fluorescent, brown, and rose pigments while, L. monocytogenes ATCC19115 was more susceptible for red, and yellow pigments and S. aureus ATCC29737 had more inhibited by orange pigment. These bacterial pigments seemed to have antioxidant activity which inhibited the formation of diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals with percentage ranged from 40 % to 80 %. It could therefore be stated that the bacterial pigments tested had a broad impact on foodborne pathogens and had an antioxidant effect
Angling destination loyalty – A structural model approach of freshwater anglers in Trysil, Norway

ABSTRACT For many Nordic winter destinations attracting customers in the summer is a challenge. Angling is one of the summer activities that can help develop year-round tourism at a destination. Knowing which factors influence angling destination loyalty and how to manage these factors for different market segments is therefore important. We investigated how destination image, place attachment and satisfaction influenced anglers’ destination loyalty through a structural equation model. Data are from a survey of 379 tourist anglers at the popular winter destination Trysil in southeast Norway. Our results show that increasing loyalty to an angling destination managers and tourism development actors can foremost influence the image and satisfaction level of anglers. This could be done through information campaigns to anglers combined with improving angling quality. On a larger area like in Trysil one should manage for diversity in regulations to avoid marginalizing certain angler groups and create conflicts.
Optimization of the enzymatic elimination of flumequine by laccase-mediated system using response surface methodology

AbstractResponse surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the removal of flumequine (FLU) from aqueous solution by laccase from Trametes versicolor. Box–Behnken design (BBD) with four variables namely pH, temperature, FLU initial concentration, and 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) concentration was used to optimize these factors. The results showed that the predicted values for FLU removal were close to the experimental values, and the R2 (0.9967) indicated that the regression was able to give a good prediction of response for the FLU removal process in the studied range. Optimization of the factors levels was carried out in two approaches. At first, all factors were set in the studied range. The selected optimal conditions for the maximum removal of FLU (98.27%) were predicted as: temperature of 39.64°C, pH of 4.06, FLU initial concentration of 90.74 mg L−1, and ABTS concentration of 1.35 mM. Then, the optimization was carried out by minimizing the amount of ABTS, maxim.
Awareness and practice of solution focused therapy in mental health professionals

ABSTRACT Solution Focused Therapy (SFT) is a paradigm shift from the traditional psychotherapy which is practised more by counsellors and social workers. Formal training of this therapy is observed across countries. The objective of the study was to assess SFT knowledge and its practice among mental health professionals in India post their educational degree. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Convenience sampling was used with an online survey mailed to 100 known professionals from July to September, 2018. The sample comprised of practicing Clinical Psychologists and Psychiatric Social Workers who held a minimum qualification of the superspecialty degree MPhil (Master of Philosophy) in their respective fields. Analysis was done both qualitatively and quantitatively. Descriptive statistics found that only 5.55% of Clinical Psychologists and 22.22% of Psychiatric Social Workers used it as a sole therapy. About 72.2% of the mental health professionals felt that Solution Focused Therapy should be incorporated in the traditional specialized training program. The two themes obtained from thematic content analysis were the understanding and the efficacy of this form of therapy. The awareness and practice of Solution Focused Therapy among mental health professional appears low. Despite awareness of SFTs’ principles and techniques, it was not the first choice of therapy for mental health professionals
Using Dry Human Amniotic Membrane in Secondary Intention Wound Healing After Urological Cancer Surgery: The First Randomized Clinical Trial in Iran

Background: Wound healing is a complex process and in some patients, it is a long process. Due to the presence of various underlying diseases in patients with cancer, this process is delayed, and as a result, the rate of complications increases. Therefore, some materials are needed to accelerate wound healing. Nowadays efficacy of dry human amniotic membrane in burn wounds and chronic wounds is proven; however, no studies have been performed on the effect of this tissue in the treatment of surgical wounds. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of dry human amniotic membrane in the secondary repair of urological cancer surgery wounds. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial from January 2018 to June 2020, 40 patients who underwent urological cancer surgery and secondary intention wound healing were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 patients. In the case group, the dry human amniotic membrane was used for dressing wounds, and in the control group, normal dressing without an amniotic membrane was performed. Complications such as infection, sepsis, and reoperation, as well as the duration of wound healing and hospitalization of patients at intervals of 1 week, 1, and 3 months, were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The 2 groups matched in terms of gender, age, and wound location. The mean duration of hospitalization and wound healing was significantly lower in the case group (P < 0.05). The rate of complications was higher in the control group but was not significant. Conclusions: Dry human amniotic membranes due to the accelerated wound healing process and fewer complications could be a good choice for secondary healing of wounds after urological cancer surgery.
Drivers and barriers to green supply chain management in the South African cement industry

Background: The cement industry in South Africa is lagging behind the green supply chain management (GSCM) revolution that has influenced many sectors to re-evaluate their supply chain systems. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the significant drivers of and barriers to the implementation of GSCM in the South African cement industry, and thus to investigate the impediments to the implementation of GSCM in the cement industry. Method: A mixed-method approach was used to collect data from various role-players in the cement value chain. Geometric means were calculated from the scores of the survey conducted. Interviews were also conducted to confirm the results of the survey. An analytical hierarchy process technique ranked the individual drivers and barriers using the results from pairwise comparisons conducted. After ranking the drivers and barriers, a Pareto analysis was applied to determine the most significant drivers and barriers for the South African cement industry. Results: Overall, the seven most significant sub-drivers fall into three categories of main drivers: financial performance, competitors and organisational style. Ten barriers were identified as most significant and were categorised into five themes, namely, high capital costs, poor supplier commitment, high certification costs, weak marketing positioning and lack of awareness of GSCM. Conclusion: The identification of these drivers and barriers contributes to further research on improvements to GSCM process in the cement industry. The study shows that drivers of and barriers to the implementation of GSCM are not universally standard, and the ranking varies from one industry to another and from one country to another.