Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RSA, DH, and DSA in the Wild

The previous chapters discussed breaking practical cryptographic systems by solving the mathematical problems directly. This chapter outlines techniques for breaking cryptography by taking advantage of implementation mistakes made in practice, with a focus on those that exploit the mathematical structure of the most widely used public-key primitives. In this chapter, we will mostly focus on public-key cryptography as it is used on the Internet, because as attack researchers we have the greatest visibility into Internetconnected hosts speaking cryptographic protocols. While this chapter was being written, prior to the standardisation or wide-scale deployment of post-quantum cryptography, the set of algorithms used for public-key cryptography on the Internet was surprisingly limited. In the context of communications protocols such as the transport layer security (TLS), secure shell (SSH), and Internet protocol security (IPsec), key exchange is accomplished by using finite-field Diffie–Hellman (DH), elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH), or Rivest– Shamir–Adleman (RSA) encryption. Historically, RSA encryption was the most popular key-exchange method used for TLS, while SSH and IPsec only supported Diffie–Hellman. It is only in the past few years that ECDH key exchange has begun to be more popular for all three protocols. The digital signature algorithms most widely used in practice are RSA, elliptic-curve DSA (ECDSA), and prime field DSA. RSA is by far the most popular digital signature algorithm in use, and is only just now beginning to be supplanted by ECDSA for network protocols.
Structural Behavior of Flexible Pipe Carcass During Launching

The interlocked carcass of a flexible pipe, besides being designed to withstand hydrostatic and squeezing loads applied by the tensioned armor layers, must resist to localized loads applied by caterpillars during the launching operation. Load distribution is dependent on the number of tensioners and on their geometry, as well as on the properties of external plastic layers and cross section design. Being the winding pitch of an interlocked carcass small enough and considering that the plastic layers extrusion process provides some confinement to this structure, one may consider, at least as a first approach, an equivalent pipe to model the structural behavior for radial loads. Any alternative approach, as a finite element model, would depend on a difficult assessment of parameters, as those related to the internal contact problem. Recovering classical results from the theory of elasticity, the structural behavior is formulated, for a general radial load distribution. The instability problem is also addressed. Despite the simplicity of such a model, results agree quite well with experiments conducted under controlled conditions. Applied to a typical carcass, the model predicts a safe behavior regarding instability and recovers elastic deformation as a function of a general dimensionless load parameter.Copyright © 2003 by ASME
Integração metrologia, CAD e CAM: uma contribuição ao estudo de engenharia reversa.

FERNEDA, A. B. (1999). Metrology, CAD e CAM integration: A contribution to Reverse Engineering study. São Carlos. 102p. Dissertação (Mestrado) Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo Reverse engineering is the concept of making a part based on an original or existing physical model, without engineering drawings. Companies are using Reverse Engineering Technology as a valuable complement to many of their CAD/CAM tools, due to their difficulties of working with free-form surfaces. It is necessary a tool which provides the insertion of the model forms in the CAD system, therefore enabling to take advantages of all possibilities offered by the system. The Reverse Engineering has developed beyond the traditional copy milling. It is presented a review of the Reverse Engineering since its origin until recent advanced techniques, where the equipments and specific systems used for Reverse Engineering practice nowadays are showed. In this work a Reverse Engineering system has been designed and implemented, which is accomplished by the integration from the Coordinate Measuring Machine until a CNC Machining Center, by using a commercial CAD software with integrated CAM module. In order to validate the system developed, three case studies are also presented.
Coupling of Inference and Access Controls to Ensure Privacy Protection

This article is devoted to the topic of coupling access and inference controls into security policies. The coupling of these two mechanisms is necessary to strengthen the protection of the privacy of complex systems users. Although the PrivOrBAC access control model covers several privacy protection requirements, the risk of inferring sensitive data may exist. Indeed, the accumulation of several pieces of data to which access is authorized can create an inference. This work proposes an inference control mechanism implemented through multidimensional analysis. This analysis will take into account several elements such as the history of access to the data that may create an inference, as well as their influence on the inference. The idea is that this mechanism delivers metrics that reflect the level of risk. These measures will be considered in the access control rules and will participate in the refusal or authorization decision with or without obligation. This is how the coupling of access and inference controls will be applied. The implementation of this coupling will be done via the multidimensional OLAP databases which will be requested by the Policy Information Point, the gateway brick of XACML to the various external data sources, which will route the inference measurements to the decision-making point.
The cultural origins of institutional trust: The case of the European Central Bank

Does culture have a causal effect on institutional trust? We answer this question by assessing the non-economic determinants of public trust in the European Central Bank. To analyse institutional trust, we employ a novel dataset of citizen perceptions and knowledge about the European Central Bank. Cultural traits are measured by indicators of social trust at the level of Euro area sub-national regions. We show that individuals living in regions with lower social trust systematically exhibit less trust in the European Central Bank. An instrumental variable approach based on historical variables of education and political institutions supports a causal interpretation of our findings. These results are robust across different model specifications and measures of trust.
Model and Control for Hydraulic Excavator’s Arm

To control excavator’s arm and realize autonomous excavation, firstly, full kinematic and dynamic models of the excavator arm, regarded as a planar manipulator with three degrees of freedom, were derived. Secondly, experiment excavator was retrofitted with electrohydraulic proportional valves, associated sensors, and a computer control system; then, the full nonlinear math model of electrohydraulic proportional system was achieved. Thirdly, this paper presents a discontinuous projection based on an adaptive robust controller to approximate the nonlinear gain coefficient of the valve and the nonlinear of the whole system, the error is deal with robust feedback and an adaptive robust controller was designed. Finally, the experiment of the boom motion control is presented to illustrate the feasibility. These efforts had resulted in new control design methodologies that were applicable to several hydraulic proportional systems.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
A bidirectional transceiver using a compact DPDT switch for Q‐band phase array system

A Q‐band bidirectional transceiver has been designed and fabricated for millimeter‐wave CMOS phase array systems. The proposed design replaces several switches previously required for a bidirectional approach with a compact double‐pole double‐throw switch. Phase shifting is performed in 90° step using a high‐pass/low‐pass structure, and the transceiver demonstrates a highly linear phase response. Over the frequency of 35 to 40 GHz, the measured root‐mean‐square phase error is <5.5° and <12.1° for transmitter and receiver paths, respectively. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:552–555, 2014
Optimizing of ANFIS for estimating INS error during GPS outages

Global positioning system (GPS) has been extensively used for land vehicle navigation systems. However, GPS is incapable of providing permanent and reliable navigation solutions in the presence of signal evaporation or blockage. On the other hand, navigation systems, in particular, inertial navigation systems (INSs), have become important components in different military and civil applications due to the recent advent of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). Both INS and GPS systems are often paired together to provide a reliable navigation solution by integrating the long-term GPS accuracy with the short-term INS accuracy. This article presents an alternative method to integrate GPS and INS systems and provide a robust navigation solution. This alternative approach to Kalman filtering (KF) utilizes artificial intelligence based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to fuse data from both systems and estimate position and velocity errors. The KF is usually criticized for working only under predefined models and for its observability problem of hidden state variables, sensor error models, immunity to noise, sensor dependency, and linearization dependency. The training and updating of ANFIS parameters is one of the main problems. Therefore, the challenges encountered implementing an ANFIS module in real time have been overcome using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to optimize the ANFIS learning parameters since PSO involves less complexity and has fast convergence. The proposed alternative method uses GPS with INS data and PSO to update the intelligent PANFIS navigator using GPS/INS error as a fitness function to be minimized. Three methods of optimization have been tested and compared to estimate the INS error. Finally, the performance of the proposed alternative method has been examined using real field test data of MEMS grade INS integrated with GPS for different GPS outage periods. The results obtained outperform KF, particularly during long GPS signal blockage.
Bandwidth enhancement of a U‐slot patch antenna using dual‐band frequency‐selective surface with double rectangular ring elements

A design strategy using a dual‐band frequency‐selective surface (FSS) consisting of double rectangular ring elements to improve the bandwidth and gain and to optimize the onsets of two operating frequencies for a U‐slot patch antenna is presented.After implanting the FSS in the U‐slot patch antenna, it was found that the bandwidths have been improved from 3.14% to 5.51% and 5.48% to 7.48% at resonant frequencies 2.45 and 5.8 GHz, respectively. It was also found that the antenna gain and the onset of operating frequency have been improved for Bluetooth and wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The U‐slot patch antenna implanted with a FSS consisting of double rectangular ring elements is capable of dual‐band operations at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz. The radiation patterns are satisfied at these dual bands. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26066
Research on application of artificial intelligence in movie industry

The development of artificial intelligence has given birth to a series of innovations in the film industry. This article systematically summarizes these innovations into three parts; movie recommendation, movie distribution and audiovisual language creation. In the first part, the paper lists a series of movie recommendation systems based on AI technology. These systems can help users quickly find the movie resources they are interested in among the massive movie resources. In the second part, the article lists a series of cases of film production using AI, including analyzing film projects, estimating film box office, analyzing film reviews, and writing abstracts. In the third part, the article lists several cases about audio-visual language using AI systems，including classifying films and the aesthetic feature, analyzing image features through AI, changing the appearance and age of actors, and creating visual characters.
Toward a unified diversity–area relationship (DAR) of species and gene diversity illustrated with the human gut metagenome

The biogeographic diversity of the microbiome can be investigated from two perspectives: the spatiotemporal distribution of species (or any operational taxonomic unit) diversity and the spatiotemporal distribution of metagenomic gene diversity. Together, these provide a complementary understanding of taxonomic, ecological, evolutionary, and functional aspects of the microbiome. Here, we reformulate the species diversity – area relationship (DAR) to quantify and illustrate metagenomic diversity – area relationships ( m -DAR) with the gut metagenome from the human microbiome project (HMP). Using the m -DAR, the estimated ranges of human gut metagenomic genes (MG) within and among individuals are 5.0 – 9.7 × 10 5 and 4.3 – 6.9 × 10 6 , respectively; the among-individual standard errors of these estimates (6.0 – 7.5 × 10 5 ) are of the same order of magnitude as the within-individual ranges, suggesting high between-individual variability. We similarly estimated the number of metagenome functional gene clusters (MFCG) to be 222 – 245 (SE = 1 – 2). More detailed analysis of the m -DAR pro ﬁ le, pair-wise diversity overlap (PDO), maximal accrual diversity (MAD), and ratio of individual- to population-level diversity (RIP) of microbiomes of individuals with healthy guts and those with three microbiome-associated diseases (obesity, diabetes, and in ﬂ ammatory bowel disease) identi ﬁ ed differences in m -DAR parameters between healthy and diseased individuals. Methodologically, the m -DAR and its associated parameters offer a uni ﬁ ed toolset with which to study and analyze microbiomes from both species and metagenomic perspectives and to explore spatial scaling of metagenomic diversity within and among individuals. To the best of our knowl-edge, our illustration of m -DAR with the human gut metagenome is the ﬁ rst statistically-based estimate of the richness of human metagenomic genes at population scale.
Blame-game politics: Re-evaluating incongruent leprosy and COVID-19 policies in the Old Testament and Nigerian societies

History is rife with political actors framing policies to absolve themselves from blame. Such policies seem integral to governance. Studies have shown how the outbreak of diseases triggers policy changes from different governments, especially during the present day coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The ‘Old Testament (OT) leprosy’, particularly as found in Leviticus 13 and 14, prompted incongruent policies that occasioned the victimisation and destruction of suspected lepers’ houses. Similarly, some who breached the COVID-19 lockdown protocols in Nigeria were tortured, victimised or killed. Investigations on these overbearing regulations are linked to ignorance and autocracy on the part of policy formulators and implementers. There has likely not yet been any study examining this phenomenon from the purview of blame-game politics resulting from poor leadership decisions. This work, therefore, reviewed the government’s policy response to leprosy in the OT and the Nigerian government’s response to COVID-19 lockdown regulations with the view to assess their suitability in their specific contexts. The texts of Leviticus 13 and 14 were examined through the analytical principles of hermeneutics. Documentary method of research was also used to interpret other secondary data to draw relations between the two governments’ shifting of responsibilities and victimisation of citizens, both in the OT and Nigerian societies. Intradisciplinary and or interdisciplinary implications: This research drew on the theories in philosophy, ethics, political science, psychology and sociology. The findings indicated that policy formulators and or implementers employed blame-game constructs as response to leprosy and COVID-19 both in OT and contemporary Nigerian society, respectively.
Comparison of percentage data with cases of extreme values of 0 and 100

Theoretical variance of residues is suggested for statistical analysis of percentage data with cases of extreme values (0 e 100%) derived from an experimental unit equal or greater to 20 tested individuals. The statistical model is illustrated by analyzing the results of an experiment in which the effect of vegetal powders was evaluated on the survivorship of Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) adults.
AGRUPAMIENTO HOMOGÉNEO DE ELEMENTOS CON MÚLTIPLES ATRIBUTOS MEDIANTE ALGORITMOS GENÉTICOS

Este articulo describe el problema general de agrupamiento, particularmente aquel en el que se busca conformar grupos de igual tamano y equitativos respecto a mas de un atributo, como un problema de optimizacion multi-objetivo, cuya solucion por medio de una busqueda exhaustiva no siempre sera conveniente dada la explosion combinatoria que puede presentarse. Como alternativa a esta situacion, se propone un metodo basado en algoritmos geneticos donde las soluciones posibles se codifican en estructuras tipo cromosoma a manera de matrices y donde por medio de un proceso iterativo en el que intervienen los operadores geneticos de seleccion, cruce y mutacion, se guia el proceso de busqueda hasta dar con una solucion satisfactoria.
Shared Experiences of Leadership Transition: A Cross Comparative Study of Schools in England and the United States

ABSTRACT This cross-comparative study examines the personal transitions of the leadership from academies in England with the leadership of independent and charter schools in the United States. Findings from this qualitative study revealed the many similarities in how principals from both the U.S. and England processed personal transitions and how those experiences influenced their leadership within the context of a new school environment or structure. To be effective leaders, principals had to address their personal transitions and establish a new identity in an unfamiliar environment and culture acknowledging the transition process as a time of “betwixt and between. ”
Poetry can group: social relations among poets in Tang Dynasty based on Word2vec and social network

The study sought to dig deeply into the social relations of poets in Tang Dynasty through Tang poetry. Based on Word2vec, we trained the corpus of Tang poetry and generated the word vector, thus WMD was used to calculate the poetic similarity to reflect the poetic style; we use Gephi to construct the poets’ social relation network and use network analysis algorithms, including Community detection, Network shortcuts, etc to quantify the integral and partial attributes of the networks and to analyze the characteristics of "poetic social" and how the poet's own attributes affect the poet social on the macroscopic and microcosmic levels. Furthermore, poetic similarity were used to analyze the evolution characteristics of poetry styles under the influence of "poetic social". The study shows that there are some phenomena such as small groups and long tail effect in poets' social interaction; the social closeness of poets is related to the attributes of poets to varying extent; the social relations and poetic styles influence each other in development.
Space Spread-Spectrum Strategy for MMC to Reduce the Conducted EMI

A modular multilevel converter (MMC) is widely used due to its various advantages. However, it causes serious electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the conducted EMI of MMC. A novel spread-spectrum (SS) strategy, called space SS (SSS), is proposed in this article. The core idea of the SSS strategy is to make the carrier frequency of each submodule different. The principle and formula derivation of the SSS strategy are elaborated. SSS is a highly free strategy because carrier frequency can be distributed arbitrarily with space position. Several methods for determining carrier frequency distribution are proposed in this article. These methods not only achieve EMI suppression, but also take into account less circulating current, higher switching frequency, and lower switching loss. Total harmonic distortion (THD) and switching loss variation under the SSS strategy are also studied in the article. Experiments are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the SSS strategy. The SSS strategy can reduce the EMI by more than 12 dB and all obvious spikes in the spectrum are eliminated effectively. Besides, it is easy to implement and suitable for practical systems with quantities of submodules.
BCEAD: A Blockchain-Empowered Ensemble Anomaly Detection for Wireless Sensor Network via Isolation Forest

The distributed deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) makes the network more convenient, but it also causes more hidden security hazards that are difficult to be solved. For example, the unprotected deployment of sensors makes distributed anomaly detection systems for WSNs more vulnerable to internal attacks, and the limited computing resources of WSNs hinder the construction of a trusted environment. In recent years, the widely observed blockchain technology has shown the potential to strengthen the security of the Internet of Things. Therefore, we propose a blockchain-based ensemble anomaly detection (BCEAD), which stores the model of a typical anomaly detection algorithm (isolated forest) in the blockchain for distributed anomaly detection in WSNs. By constructing a suitable block structure and consensus mechanism, the global model for detection can iteratively update to enhance detection performance. Moreover, the blockchain guarantees the trust environment of the network, making the detection algorithm resistant to internal attacks. Finally, compared with similar schemes, in terms of performance, cost, etc., the results prove that BCEAD performs better.
Application of Image Mosaic Method in the Detection of Grinding Wheel Topography

The topography of a grinding wheel can be obtained quickly and exactly through applying the computer vision method to detect the wheel topography. However, the application of computer vision in detecting wheel topography is restricted due to the contradiction between vision field and resolution while using traditional computer vision detecting method. In the present paper, the 3D topography of a diamond grinding wheel was reconstructed by combining image mosaic technique, corner detection algorithm, image matching algorithm and image fusion algorithm. The image mosaic technique was found to be effective in solving the contradiction between visual field and resolution and rapidly obtain high resolution image of the wheel topography in a wider range of vision field, thereby providing a valuable reference for quantitative evaluation of the performance of grinding wheels.
Implicit Racial Attitudes and Inequality in Resources Allocation

Racism has been a long-standing problem for centuries, and when left unchecked, it led to far-reaching adverse consequences on social inequality. To investigate racial attitudes among Chinese adults and whether these attitudes affect Chinese people’s economic decisions, we recruited a sample of 147 participants aged between 18 22 years old. We aimed that the racial bias among Chinese young adults will be significant. The level of discrimination was measured through the Implicit Association Test (IAT). The result indicates that Chinese young adults display strong negative implicit racial bias against Black people. Critically, we also found that Chinese adults are less likely to distribute resources to Black people. This study is significant as it uses a few valid methods to test Chinese young adults’ implicit attitudes toward Black people.