Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Star formation in the local Universe from the CALIFA sample. I. Calibrating the SFR using integral field spectroscopy data

Context. The star formation rate (SFR) is one of the main parameters used to analyze the evolution of galaxies through time. The need for recovering the light reprocessed by dust commonly requires the use of low spatial resolution far-infrared data. Recombination line luminosities provide an alternative, although uncertain dust-extinction corrections based on narrowband imaging or long-slit spectroscopy have traditionally posed a limit to their applicability. Integral field spectroscopy (IFS) is clearly the way to overcome this kind of limitation. Aims. We obtain integrated Hα, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR)-based SFR measurements for 272 galaxies from the CALIFA survey at 0.005 <z< 0.03 using single-band and hybrid tracers. We aim to determine whether the extinction-corrected Hα luminosities provide a good measure of the SFR and to shed light on the origin of the discrepancies between tracers. Updated calibrations referred to Hα are provided. The well-defined selection criteria and large statistics allow us to carry out this analysis globally and split by properties, including stellar mass and morphological type. Methods. We derive integrated, extinction-corrected Hα fluxes from CALIFA, UV surface and asymptotic photometry from GALEX and integrated WISE 22 μm and IRAS fluxes. Results. We find that the extinction-corrected Hα luminosity agrees with the hybrid updated SFR estimators based on either UV or Hα plus IR luminosity over the full range of SFRs (0.03−20 M_⊙ yr^-1). The coefficient that weights the amount of energy produced by newly-born stars that is reprocessed by dust on the hybrid tracers, a_IR, shows a large dispersion. However, this coefficient does not became increasingly small at high attenuations, as expected if significant highly-obscured Hα emission were missed, i.e., after a Balmer decrement-based attenuation correction is applied. Lenticulars, early-type spirals, and type-2 AGN host galaxies show smaller coefficients because of the contribution of optical photons and AGN to dust heating. Conclusions. In the local Universe, the Hα luminosity derived from IFS observations can be used to measure SFR, at least in statistically-significant, optically-selected galaxy samples, once stellar continuum absorption and dust attenuation effects are accounted for. The analysis of the SFR calibrations by galaxies properties could potentially be used by other works to study the impact of different selection criteria in the SFR values derived, and to disentangle selection effects from other physically motivated differences, such as environmental or evolutionary effects.
Negative Externalities of Financial Reporting Frequency ∗ PRELIMINARY AND INCOMPLETE

Regulators around the world set a minimum frequency for the financial reports of public firms. The appropriate minimum frequency has been the subject of intense debate in Europe and Asia, and now this debate has spread to the United States, which is considering reducing its minimum from quarterly to semi-annually. In Europe, the semi-annual minimum has led to stratification in reporting frequencies, with some firms choosing to report quarterly and others choosing to report semi-annually. We provide evidence that this stratification leads to negative externalities, as the quarterly reporters divert investor attention away from the semi-annual reporters. When a firm’s peers choose to report quarterly, we find that the firm loses investor attention, as measured by analyst coverage and trading volume. We also find that the firm sees a drop in its market value and a deterioration in its market liquidity. Finally, we do not find any countervailing positive externalities, in the form of information spillovers, from the quarterly reports. We argue that the negative externalities could be eliminated by requiring all firms to report at the same frequency. ∗We thank Thomas Bourveau, Matthias Breuer, Nemit Shroff, and Florin Vasvari for their helpful comments. All errors and omissions are our own. †Contact E-mail: edegeorge@london.edu. ‡Contact E-mail: rcs2188@gsb.columbia. edu.
Development of thin‐film Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and CdTe solar cells

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and CdTe heterojunction solar cells grown on rigid (glass) or flexible foil substrates require p‐type absorber layers of optimum optoelectronic properties and n‐type wide‐bandgap partner layers to form the p–n junction. Transparent conducting oxide and specific metal layers are used for front and back electrical contacts. Efficiencies of solar cells depend on various deposition methods as they control the optoelectronic properties of the layers and interfaces. Certain treatments, such as addition of Na in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and CdCl2 treatment of CdTe have a direct influence on the electronic properties of the absorber layers and efficiency of solar cells. Processes for the development of superstrate and substrate solar cells are reviewed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hotspot of new megafauna found in the Central Amazon ( Brazil ) : the lower Rio Aripuanã Basin

Here I announce the discovery of a whole new ecosystem in the central-southern part of the Brazilian Amazon: the Rio Aripuanã Basin. Overall, it seems to have created more ecological niches than any other river basin in the Amazon, in particular so to aquatic and non-volant terrestrial mammals. This is plausibly explained for by the unique geo-morphological history of the region. During the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene the entire area to the southeast of the Rio Madeira contained one huge clear-water system that was drained toward the south into the Atlantic Ocean. In the course of several million years a biome quite different from the rest of Amazonia could evolve in this drainage system. Living relicts from ancient times that happened to survive in isolation here, are: a dwarf manatee here described as Trichechus pygmaeus n. sp. , a dolphin locally called “boto roxo” that is suspected to be closer related to marine Rio Plata dolphins Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais et d'Orbigny, 1844) than to Amazonian dolphins of the genus Inia (d'Orbigny, 1834), a black dwarf tapir (Tapirus pygmaeus Van Roosmalen, 2013, with T. kabomani Cozzuol et al., 2013 as junior name), a dwarf marmoset Callibella humilis Van Roosmalen et Van Roosmalen, 2003, a new monospecific genus of Callitrichidae that stands at the base of the phylogenetic tree of all extant marmosets (i.e., Cebuella Gray, 1866, Mico Lesson, 1840, and Callithrix Erxleben, 1777), a giant striped paca here described as Agouti silvagarciae n. sp. , and an arboreal giant anteater spotted in the wild but remains to be collected and described (Myrmecophaga n. sp.). A number of other, more advanced mammalian species discovered in the Rio Aripuanã Basin, among which a third species of brocket here described as Mazama tienhoveni n. sp. , evolved after a dramatic vicariance took place about 1-1.8 MYA (million years ago), the break-through of the continental watershed by the proto-Madeira River during one of the glacial epochs of the Middle Pleistocene. It marked the birth of the modern fast-flowing Rio Madeira, in terms of total discharge the biggest tributary of the Amazon proper and the second strongest river barrier in the entire Amazon Basin. Furthermore, current threats to the environment in this sparsely inhabited and poorly explored river basin will be addressed. We intend to have this ‘lost world’ preserved as a UNESCO Natural World Heritage Reserve through the divulgation of new, hitherto not yet identified mammals that it appears to harbor.
Migrant entrepreneurs and social capital: a revised perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to challenge the mainstream idea of “ethnically over‐socialised” migrant entrepreneurs, by embedding the concept of social capital in a framework based on economic incentives and bounded rationality. In line with previous studies which develop on the mixed embeddedness approach, this paper seeks to provide a counterbalance to models which overestimate the importance of cultural factors and ethnicity and neglect the role of economic incentives in individual behaviour.Design/methodology/approach – The study relies on 58 semi‐structured interviews with Turkish entrepreneurs, both first and second generation, conducted in Hamburg between October 2008 and January 2009.Findings – The results present a perspective in which migrant entrepreneurs are first and foremost economic actors, who predominantly understand their ethnic social capital as a strategic, economic resource for action. The study illustrates that the phenomenon of migrant entrepreneurship can be understood on.
THE AGING ASPECTS OF HUMANS PROTRACTEDLY EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION

s: 1. Reste J., Zvigule G. , Zvagule T. , Kurjane N. , Eglite M. , Gabruseva N. , Berzina N. , Plonis J., Miklasevics E. Telomere length in Chernobyl accident clean-up workers // Global Conference on Radiation Topics, ConRad 2013, 13. -16.05. 2013. Challenge CBRN Medical Defense International, Special Edition, April, 2013, p. 47-48. 2. Reste J., Eglite M. , Zvagule T. , Kurjane N. Musculoskeletal Occupational Diseases and Aging Workforce in Latvia // Conference on Occupational Health and Safety: From Policies to Practise, December 6-7, 2012, Riga, Latvia, p. 49. 3. Reste J., Kurjane N. , Zvagule T. , Gabrusheva N. Oncological Morbidity Pattern of Chernobyl Accident Latvian Workers // IFEH 12th World Congress on Environmental Health “New Technologies, Healthy Human Being and Environment” Abstract book, 22-27 May 2012, Vilnius, Lithuania, p. 83. 4. Петухов В. И. , Баумане Л. Х. , Дмитриев Е. В. , Рестэ Е. Д. , Звагуле Т. Я. и др. Сдвиги в металло-лигандном гомеостазе клеток эпидермиса в качестве дискриминаторов окислительного/
Urban recharge beneath low impact development and effects of climate variability and change

Understanding low impact development (LID) planning and best management practices (BMPs) effects on recharge is important because of the increasing use of LID BMPs to reduce storm water runoff and improve surface‐water quality. LID BMPs are microscale, decentralized management techniques such as vegetated systems, pervious pavement, and infiltration trenches to capture, reduce, filter, and slow storm water runoff. Some BMPs may enhance recharge, which has often been considered a secondary management benefit. Here we report results of a field and HYDRUS‐2D modeling study in San Francisco, California, USA to quantify urban recharge rates, volumes, and efficiency beneath a LID BMP infiltration trench and irrigated lawn considering historical El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability and future climate change using simulated precipitation from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL) A1F1 climate scenario. We find that in situ and modeling methods are complementary, particularly for simulating historical and future recharge scenarios, and the in situ data are critical for accurately estimating recharge under current conditions. Observed (2011–2012) and future (2099–2100) recharge rates beneath the infiltration trench (1750–3710 mm yr−1) were an order of magnitude greater than beneath the irrigated lawn (130–730 mm yr−1). Beneath the infiltration trench, recharge rates ranged from 1390 to 5840 mm yr−1 and averaged 3410 mm yr−1 for El Niño years (1954–2012) and from 1540 to 3330 mm yr−1 and averaged 2430 mm yr−1 for La Niña years. We demonstrate a clear benefit for recharge and local groundwater resources using LID BMPs.
Optical Metasurfaces: Progress and Applications

A metasurface is an artificial nanostructured interface that has subwavelength thickness and that manipulates light by spatially arranged meta-atoms—fundamental building blocks of the metasurface. Those meta-atoms, usually consisting of plasmonic or dielectric nanoantennas, can directly change light properties such as phase, amplitude, and polarization. As a derivative of three-dimensional (3D) metamaterials, metasurfaces have been emerging to tackle some of the critical challenges rooted in traditional metamaterials, such as high resistive loss from resonant plasmonic components and fabrication requirements for making 3D nanostructures. In the past few years, metasurfaces have achieved groundbreaking progress, providing unparalleled control of light, including constructing arbitrary wave fronts and realizing active and nonlinear optical effects. This article provides a systematic review of the current progress in and applications of optical metasurfaces, as well as an overview of metasurface building blocks based on plasmonic resonances, Mie resonance, and the Pancharatnam-Berry phase.
Analytic solutions of time fractional diffusion equations by fractional reduced differential transformmethod (FRDTM)

This paper examines a general recurrence relation by the use of fractional reduced differential transform and then a scheme (methodology) on how to find closed solutions of one dimensional time fractional diffusion equations with initial conditions in the form of infinite fractional power series and in terms of Mittag-Leffler function in one parameter as well as their exact solutions by the use of fractional reduced differential transform method. The new general recurrence relation and the methodology of the fractional reduced differential transform method were successfully developed. The obtained new general recurrence relation helps us to solve time-fractional diffusion equations with initial conditions and various external forces by using fractional reduced differential transform method. To see its effectiveness and applicability, five test examples were presented. The results show that the general recurrence relation works successfully in solving time-fractional diffusion equations in a direct way without using linearization, transformations, perturbation, discretization or restrictive assumptions by using fractional reduced differential transform method. Key words: Time fractional diffusion equations with initial conditions, Caputo fractional derivatives, Mittag-Leffler function, Fractional reduced differential transform method (FRDTM).
Simultaneous Action Learning and Grounding through Reinforcement and Cross-Situational Learning

Natural human-robot interaction requires robots to learn new tasks autonomously and link the learned actions to their corresponding words through grounding. Previous studies focused only on action learning or grounding, but not both. In this paper, we try to fill this gap by introducing a framework that uses reinforcement learning to learn actions and cross-situational learning to ground actions, object shapes and colors, and prepositions. The proposed framework is evaluated through a simulated interaction experiment between a human tutor and a robot. The results show that the employed framework can be used for simultaneous action learning and grounding.
Definition of South China Sea Monsoon Onset and Commencement of the East Asia Summer Monsoon

The climatological mean summer monsoon onset in the South China Sea (SCS) is a remarkably abrupt event. However, defining onset dates for individual years is noticeably controversial. The controversies and complications arise primarily from a number of factors: the intermittent southward intrusion of cold fronts into the northern SCS, the bogus onset in late April before the establishment of tropical monsoons over Indochina, and active intraseasonal oscillation. In this paper, a simple yet effective index, USCS, the 850-hPa zonal winds averaged over the central SCS (58‐158N and 1108‐1208E), is proposed for objectively defining the SCS monsoon onset. This onset index depicts not only the sudden establishment of the tropical southwesterly monsoon over the SCS but also the outbreak of the rainy season in the central-northern SCS. In this paper the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is defined as the broadscale summer monsoon over East Asia and the western North Pacific region (08‐408N, 1008‐1408E). It is shown that the seasonal transition of EASM can be objectively determined by the principal component of the dominant empirical orthogonal mode of the 850-hPa zonal winds, UEOF1. It is found that the local index USCS represents UEOF1 extremely well; thus, it can be used to determine both the SCS onset and the commencement of the broadscale EASM. The result suggests that the SCS summer monsoon onset indeed signifies the beginning of the summer monsoon over East Asia and the adjacent western Pacific Ocean. Evidence is also provided to show the linkage between the two salient phases of EASM: the local onset of the SCS monsoon and the local onset of the mei-yu (the rainy season in the Yangtze River and Huai River basin and southern Japan).
A Fractionally Cointegrated VAR Analysis of Economic Voting and Political Support

We use a fractionally cointegrated vector autoregressive model to examine the relationship between Canadian political support and macroeconomic conditions. This model is well suited for the analysis because it allows multiple fractional time series and admits simple asymptotic inference for the model parameters and tests of the hypotheses of interest. In the long-run equilibrium, we find that support for the Progressive Conservative Party was higher during periods of high interest rates and low unemployment, while support for the Liberal Party was higher during periods of low interest rates and high unemployment. We also test and reject the notion that party support is driven only by relative (to the United States) economic performance. Indeed, our findings suggest that US macroeconomic variables do not enter the long-run equilibrium of Canadian economic voting (political opinion poll support) at all.
Human-Technology Relations in a Machine Learning Based Commuter App

Artifacts that take advantage of Machine Learning (ML) influence our daily life to an increasing extent. The development and use of these artifacts often leaves out the human actors and the context and thus risks to become technocentric [6]. Many ML techniques, for example active learning, interactive learning or machine teaching, calls for user involvement [3, 10, 12, 13, 15]. To our knowledge there is a lack of research concerning relations between humans and ML-based artifacts, the attention is instead often on the desired outcome [4, 11], for example trust. If we are to understand how ML can support humans, we need to turn attention to the human-technology relations. In this work we will use a postphenomenological lens and focus on how different ML techniques can create, build and maintain relations between humans and technology [5, 14]. Our work is explorative and use material sketching to produce artifactual knowledge [7], methodologically this fits into a Research Through Design approach [16]. In this work, our artifact and the relevance of a postphenomenological approach is the main contribution. In the work presented here the focus is on adaptive learning in a background relation [5] and identifying situations where the background relation can promote a transition to another type of relation (embodied, hermeneutic, alterity). We hope to initiate a discussion on this approach and inspire further work by our contribution. In this extended abstract, we will focus on the artifact and its relevance for human-technology relations and only briefly expand on application context, theory and methodology.
Modelling mood disorders: An ACE solution?

The treatment of mood disorders remains sub‐optimal. A major reason for this is our lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of depression and bipolar disorder. A core problem is the lack of specificity of our current diagnoses. This paper discusses the history of this problem and posits a solution in the form of a more sophisticated model.
Study of the alterations in the levator hiatus by pelvic floor ultrasound in young sport students: A preliminar study

Hypothesis / aims of study Urinary incontinence is traditionally regarded as a problem affecting older multiparous women and related to pregnancy and vaginal delivery. However, recent studies have suggested that there is a surprisingly high incidence of urinary incontinence in young, nulliparous women who have participated in high impact sport [1]. Some authors suggest that this dysfunction is caused by a change in function or in the morphology of the pelvic floor muscles. Based in the theory that the abdominal muscles and pelvic floor muscles have a synergistic relationship, it is highly probable that the pelvic floor would be activated during sports and the muscles would be trained, leading to a muscle hypertrophy. Therefore if changes in pelvic floor morphology occur, it is probably that they happen in women who practices high impact sport. The aim of the present study was to define the difference in levator ani hiatus morphology and levator anatomy by ultrasound in women who practice high impact sport when compared to low impact sport.
The Entrepreneurial Orientation of Immigrant Entrepreneurs in South Africa

The objective of this study was to measure the entrepreneurial orientation of immigrant entrepreneurs in South Africa. Data was collected through the use of self-administered questionnaires in a survey. The study focused on immigrant entrepreneurs from West Africa specifically, Nigerians, Ghanaians and Senegalese that are business owners in the retail sector and have been in business for at least five years. Because of the difficulty in obtaining the population of immigrant entrepreneurs in the study area, purposive and snowball sampling methods were used. The results indicated that immigrant entrepreneurs are adept at introducing new product lines and also making changes to their product lines. This suggests that immigrant entrepreneurs are innovative. The results also showed that immigrant entrepreneurs are proactive as they have the tendency to be ahead of others in introducing new products. In additions, immigrant entrepreneurs have a strong preference for high risk projects with chances of high return. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n20p497
LONG-TERM OBSERVATION OF DEEP-SEA BENTHIC ACTIVITIES IN SAGAMI BAY , CENTRAL JAPAN

Sagami Bay locates at the central Japan facing to the Pacific Ocean. Deep trough, called Sagami Trough, that show more than 1500 m deep lines at the central part of the Bay. Sagami Trough is convergent plate boundary between North American Plate and Philippine Sea Plate. Epicenter of huge earthquakes and active submarine volcanoes are located at the western part of the Bay. A lot of cold seepages with Calyptogenaclam colonies are distributed in the bay. JAMSTEC has long been monitoring crustal movement at the deep-sea floor. There is a long-term deep-sea observatory at the Off Hatsushima Island site at the western part of the bay. Since 1993, JAMSTEC continuously monitor benthic activities at the permanent observatory. We could pile up time-series video records and environmental dataset. Through these dataset we can trace environmental changes at continental slope regions and also watch how deep-sea benthic organisms actively dwell at deep-sea floor in relation to environmental changes. We also keep permanent deep-sea station at central Sagami Bay for monitoring long-term changes in population ecology of deep-sea meiofauna since 1991. Using these dataset, we can evaluate deep-sea environmental changes and responses of deep-sea organisms against environmental changes. We believe that human impact has already started to affect even at deep-sea floor. We propose to continue monitoring of deep-sea environments and organisms in Sagami Bay with several innovative approaches. Continual environmental monitoring through cable network at deep-sea observatory of the Off Hatsushima Island site, frequent ROV and AUV observational dives are strong tools for getting deep-sea data in Sagami Bay.