Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the risk of land use change in the centre of the Ba river basin, Vietnam

Land use/land cover (LULC) changes may lead to vulnerable land resource and imbalanced ecosystem. This paper aimed to identify the change of LULC in the center of the Ba river basin. As well, the risk of land use change (LUC) was assessed based on remote sensing data and Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine the areas where LULC can modify with varying degrees. The LULC and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data processed from Landsat images on Google Earth Engine platform were overlayed to create a zoning map of LUC risk levels in dry season of 2010 and 2020. Over 10 years, the largest increased area was bare land with a growth of 4.98%; whereas the most reduced area was shrub with a decrease of 4.21%. Forest area accounted for the highest proportion of the whole area. LULC classes and NDVI values were assigned different risk weightages to produce the risk distribution map of LUC levels and susceptible areas. The results revealed the most risk zones (High and Very high) constituted more than 50% and stayed steadily from 2010 to 2020, in which shrub areas were partially transformed to bare land or agricultural land due to economic development.
Role of Dynamically Frustrated Bond Disorder in a Li+ Superionic Solid Electrolyte

Inorganic lithium solid electrolytes are critical components in next-generation solid-state batteries, yet the fundamental nature of the cation–anion interactions and their relevance for ionic conductivity in these materials remain enigmatic. Here, we employ first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to explore the interplay among chemistry, structure, and functionality of a highly conductive Li+ solid electrolyte, Li3InBr6. Using local-orbital projections to dynamically track the evolution of the electronic charge density, the simulations reveal rapid, correlated fluctuations between cation–anion interactions with different degrees of directional covalent character. These chemical bond dynamics are shown to correlate with Li+ mobility and are enabled thermally by intrinsic frustration between the preferred geometries of chemical bonding and lattice symmetry. We suggest that the fluctuating chemical environment from the polarizable anions functions like a solvent, contributing to the superionic behav.
Impact of Organizational Support and Job Characteristics Towards Engagement of Employee

Support of organization relate to perception of employees to which an organization benefit contribution link of concern for employee welfare. Engagement of employee is the degree of commitment and involvement of employees to the organization and its values. This study proposes a relationship between perceptions of organizational support, job characteristics and employee engagement. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach. For this research, employees of four star hotels in Palembang City were used as the research population. The sample execution used in the study was purposive method. Findings of the survey explain that support of organization plays an important role in encouraging employee involvement. However, on the contrary, job characteristics are not a driving force for employee engagement. The study is expected to contribute to the management sector, especially in the hospitality sector.
Anwendung der niederauflösenden NMR-Spektroskopie bei intakten Eiern: Messung qualitätsbestimmender physikalischer Merkmale

As a possible non-destructive method to determine the quality of intact eggs the low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied. For this purpose collectives of 100 eggs were tested under different practice relevant conditions. Storage temperatures between 5 and 30 °C were chosen according to the legislation valid for storage and handling of chicken eggs. Changes in the eggs were measured by transverse relaxation times T2(1) and T2(2). During the first week of storage the decrease of the T2(2) values was exponential for all temperatures, afterwards T2(2) values decreased linear particular at higher temperatures. This corresponds with increasing liquefaction of albumen during storage. This effect is intensified at higher temperatures. As expected the effect shows a maximum at a storage temperature of 30 °C. If the eggs were stored according to the regulations between 5 and 8 °C after the 18th day of storage, an increase of T2(2) was observed in comparison to unchilled eggs. Because of temperature dependence of the relaxation time it was necessary to provide temperature equilibration.
Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA) for Southeast Coast of Chinese Mainland and Taiwan Island

A Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA) study on the Chinese Mainland and the Taiwan Island was conducted. Characterized by broad and shallow continental shelves, the offshore region along Chinese Mainland's east coast yields a significant nonlinear effect and bottom friction to the propagating long waves. To address these shallow‐water effects, a fully nonlinear Boussinesq model was used in the computation‐based PTHA framework. We found that the inappropriate usage of the linear wave model could considerably overestimate the tsunami hazards along the East China Sea (ECS) and the Yellow Sea. Tsunami hazard along the coastline of Chinese Mainland is generally moderate. Elevated tsunami hazard levels are found along both flanks of the Yangtze and Pearl estuaries. The probability of these coastlines impacted by 1 m or greater tsunami waves (at 10‐m isobath) is about 14%–40% in next century. The shallow and tongue‐shaped submarine terrain amplifies the hazard level by trapping the tsunami energy in these areas. Major subduction zones in the Northwest Pacific were identified as the main sources of destructive events along the coast of ECS and the Taiwan Island, while the Manila Trench is the main source zone that threatens the Northern South China Sea. The tsunami hazards generated by the crustal earthquakes are modest, yet not negligible, particularly in the Taiwan Strait. We found the risk of tsunami inundation along the coast of Shanghai is low based on the hazard curves of total water level that incorporates the aleatory uncertainty of tides.
Transformational Approach to Analytical Value-at-Risk for near Normal Distributions

In this paper, we extend the parametric approach of VaR estimation that is based upon the application of two transforms, one for handling skewness and other for kurtosis. These transformations restore normality to data when applied in succession. The transforms are well defined and offer an alternative to VaR models based on the variance–covariance approach. We demonstrate the application of the technique using three pairs of uncorrelated but negatively skewed and fat-tailed stock return distributions, one pair each from recent periods in US and international market, and one from the stressed period of US economic history. Furthermore, we extend the analysis to economic domain by calculating expected shortfalls and risk capital under different estimation methods. For the sake of completion, we compare the estimation results of normal and transformation methods to non-parametric historical simulation.
Encouraging healthier choices in supermarkets: a co-design approach

Purpose: This research describes and evaluates the co-creation of a programme called “A Healthy Choice”. Underpinned by design thinking (DT), this study aims to improve the healthfulness of food choices in supermarkets among consumers to promote their well-being. Design/methodology/approach: The research features two studies. Study 1 included five co-design workshops with consumers and staff (n = 32) to develop a consumer-centred programme. The findings supported the design and implementation of a programme evaluated in Study 2 (an ecological trial). The programme modified a supermarket environment to increase the prominence of healthier products (shelf-talkers and no discount), ran positive food experiences (cooking and label reading workshops) and was supported by a community-wide information campaign in social and local print media. Findings: A total of 15 new strategies were developed by consumers and staff to support health and well-being in supermarkets. Feasibility discussions and staff voting contributed to the development and storewide implementation of the programme. Evaluation showed that the programme was effective in increasing consumer knowledge of healthier food choices (measured via public survey). Sales analysis showed mixed results; sales increased for promoted products in some categories, but there was no effect in others. Research limitations/implications: Given the real-world setting in which this programme and its evaluation were conducted, there were several innate limitations. The co-design process generated many more ideas than could be implemented, thus creating a healthy “pipe line” for the next iterations of the programme. Practical implications: The key contribution of this work to supermarket intervention literature is the recommendation to change the paradigm of engagement between the key stakeholders who are typically involved in supermarket programs. Using the co-design and DT frameworks, the authors offer an example of stakeholders working together in close partnership to co-design and collaboratively implement a programme that promotes healthier choices. Originality/value: This project contributes to the emerging body of empirical work using DT principles in the area of healthy food choices in supermarkets. A rigorously designed evaluation of a co-designed supermarket programme contributes to scholarly evidence on food well-being programs in supermarkets.
The distribution of the macro-zoobenthos community based on the characteristics of the mangrove sediments in Aceh Besar

Spatially, the composition of mangrove vegetation and macro-zoobenthos varies due to the characteristics of the sediment substrate in mangrove area. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyse the elements contained in the sediments in the mangrove area and to identify macro-zoobenthos species based on the characteristics of the sediment subtract in Peukan Bada and Baitussalam of Aceh Besar district. The method used in this research is the coring method for sediment sampling, while the sediment characteristics analysis was carried out by the sieve method. For the presence of mangroves, the transect method is applied and analysed based on the identification of mangrove species characteristics in the laboratory. Meanwhile, macro-zoobenthos were collected based on mangrove density using hand grabs and sieved at a size of 0.5 mm, then analysis of the dominance and partial correlation between the sediments of the mangrove area and the presence of macro-zoobenthos was carried out. The results show that 89% of the substrate is a muddy fine sand sediment with the dominance of the mangrove species Rhizopora mucronate and Sonneratia alba species. The dominance level of macro-zoobenthos is in the low to high category with a dominance value of 0.47 - 0.88. Furthermore, the partial correlation test for mangroves, macro-zoobenthos and sediment showed that there was a strong relationship between them.
Behaviour of Structural Elements made of Geopolymer Concrete with Recycled Aggregates

In the current scenario, concrete construction is rapidly becoming an uneconomical and unsustainable operation because of the lack of raw materials and environmental degradation caused by the production of cement. In this study, an attempt was made to propose recycled aggregates from demolition waste as coarse aggregates in geopolymer concrete (GPC). Experimental studies have been carried out to determine an optimum percentage of recycled aggregates (RA) in GPC by replacing 20 percent, 30 percent, 40 percent, 50 percent, and 60 percent and behaviour of structural elements also, such as beams and columns, when these are subjected to bending and axial compression . Beams and columns of 150 mm × 150 mm × 1200 mm were prepared and tested under two point loading on beams and axial loading on columns of OPC, GPC and RGPC elements. From this study, it is found that an optimum replacement percentage of recycled aggregate was 40 percent based on mechanical properties and flexural behaviour of RGPC, GPC are relatively similar, but better than OPC element.
Adaptive Subtraction Based on U-Net for Removing Seismic Multiples

The process of seismic multiple removal in oil seismic exploration is crucial for the imaging of underground structures with primary reflections. The inclusion of prediction and subtraction in the multiple removal method requires adaptive subtraction to remove the complex differences between the true and modeled multiples. The traditional adaptive subtraction method is generally expressed as a linear regression (LR) problem. In this article, we introduce U-net, a popular deep learning tool, to represent the complex differences between the true and modeled multiples in a nonlinear relationship. Thus, we present adaptive subtraction as a non-LR problem. The modeled multiples and full recorded seismic response with multiples and primaries are used as the input and labels to train U-net. The proposed U-net method is able to avoid over-fitting of the primaries due to the sufficient number of 2-D data windows for the training of U-net, as well as the network parameter regularization and the L1 norm minimization constraint on the primaries. The proposed U-net method attains 20.5 dB and 2.5 dB improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) using the first synthetic data and second synthetic (Sigsbee2B) data set, respectively, compared with the traditional LR method, and a qualitative improvement for a real data set test.
A comprehensive mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer for wood convective drying

Abstract The focus of this study is the development of a specific drying model for the design and operation of drying systems for stacked lumber in drying chambers. Namely, a comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer in stacked wood has been developed, where the wood was subjected to convective drying that accounts for the effect of the surrounding fluid flow. In developing the model, the characteristics of wood and fluid flow, i.e. velocity, pressure, temperature, relative humidity (RH) and moisture content (MC) are described by the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy as well as thermodynamic relations. The model presented was solved numerically by means of the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics. The simulation results were validated against experimental data under laboratory conditions. Air current circulation was found to be non-uniform during drying, which accounts for the different rates of temperature and MC in wood. At the initial stage of drying, this difference was relatively large but reduced gradually with the drying process. Meanwhile, the transient gathered phenomenon related to humidity around the stacked wood in the chamber was observed in response to air current circulation and evaporation rate of moisture. Finally, sources of error incurred in numerical calculations and actual detection were identified and discussed.
Comparison of Segmentation Algorithms for Leukemia Classification

Leukemia is a deadly cancer that results from the proliferation of non-differentiated white blood cells in blood as compared to the other two types of cells, i.e., red blood cells and platelets. These cells are known as blasts cells which overcrowd other cells rendering those cells as inefficient in their functions and are are themselves non-functional. This paper presents a comparative study of four different segmentation techniques on the images of peripheral blood smear and the classification of these images into diseased and healthy cells using the SVM classifier. The best result was obtained by a custom threshold method of segmentation with a classification accuracy of 96.89%.
Improved Application of Hyperspectral Analysis to Rock Art Panels from El Castillo Cave (Spain)

Rock art is one of the most fragile and relevant cultural phenomena in world history, carried out in shelters or the walls and ceilings of caves with mineral and organic substances. The fact it has been preserved until now can be considered as fortunate since both anthropogenic and natural factors can cause its disappearance or deterioration. This is the reason why rock art needs special conservation and protection measures. The emergence of digital technologies has made a wide range of tools and programs available to the community for a more comprehensive documentation of rock art in both 2D and 3D. This paper shows a workflow that makes use of visible and near-infrared hyperspectral technology to manage, monitor and preserve this appreciated cultural heritage. Hyperspectral imaging is proven to be an efficient tool for the recognition of figures, coloring matter, and state of conservation of such valuable art.
Working from theory: developing the bases of teachers’ critical thinking pedagogies through action research

ABSTRACT This paper describes how an action research process, centred around a professional development program for teaching critical thinking, enabled teachers in a specialised program for high-achieving Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students (Solid Pathways) to develop their pedagogical practices to support student cognition. It argues that a well-structured action research approach supports and enables teachers to link theory to practice in developing their pedagogy, especially where such development implies a shift away from content and curriculum-oriented pedagogy. Principal among these mechanisms are the grounding of practice in theory, well-designed practical activities, special materials that help bridge theory and practice, and collaboration among practitioners in undertaking transformative pedagogical change. The conclusions from this study support the claim that these four key mechanisms are crucial to the implementation of a critical thinking pedagogy and describe how action research can support the advent of such mechanisms into pedagogical development programs that have the capacity to contribute to significant and sustainable change. Overall, findings suggest that where support of student cognition is the goal, pedagogical development predicated on theory and focused on independent practice in a culture of collegial collaboration and dialogue, works best to create sustainable practices of teaching for thinking.
Validation of bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicine for lifespan extension

In long history of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), some single herb and complex formulas have been recorded to increase lifespan in TCM pharmacopeia. However, the mechanism of these TCMs increasing lifespan is insufficient. Here, we collected a list of TCMs from pharmacopeias for lifespan extension. By utilizing the mother enrichment program (MEP), we systematically screened these TCMs and identified a single TCM herb, Psoralea corylifolia, that increases lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Next, twenty-two pure compounds were isolated from P. corylifolia, and one of the compounds, corylin, was shown to extend the replicative lifespan (RLS) by targeting the Gtr1 protein. Furthermore, in HUVECs, the RNA sequencing data showed that corylin ameliorated cellular senescence. Finally, corylin reduced the risk of death of mice fed a high-fat diet. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that corylin has long-term benefits for longevity and could be a potential treatment for age-related disease.
Holocene Hydroclimate in the Southeastern United States During Abrupt Climate Events: Evidence From New Speleothem Isotopic Records From Alabama

We present new high-resolution absolute-dated stalagmite δ18O and δ13C records from the southeastern United States (SE US) spanning the last 12 thousand years (ka). A local relationship between annual rainfall amount and its amount-weighed δ18O composition exists on interannual timescales, driven mostly by an amount effect during summer and spring seasons, and by an isotopically depleted composition of fall and winter precipitation. Based on a novel interpretation of modern rainfall isotopic data, stalagmite δ18O variability is interpreted to reflect the relative contribution of summer and spring precipitation combined relative to combined fall and winter precipitation. Precipitation amount in the SE US increases during the Younger Dryas, the 8.2 ka and Little Ice Age abrupt cooling events. High precipitation during these events reflects enhancement of spring and summer precipitation while the contribution of fall and winter rainfall remained unchanged or decreased slightly. Results from this study support model simulation results that suggest increased precipitation in the SE US during Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) slowdown/shutdown (LeGrande et al., 2006; Renssen et al., 2002; Vellinga and Wood, 2002). In association with Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude cooling from the Early to mid-Holocene, annual precipitation in the SE US decreases, a pattern distinctive from that observed during abrupt cooling events related to AMOC shifts. Long-term hydroclimate change in the SE US is likely sensitive to summer insolation reduction as inferred for other tropical and subtropical regions. This study has implications for our understanding of the sensitivity of subtropical hydroclimate to factors both internal and external to the climate system in a warmer climate.
Extreme Positive Ionosphere Storm Triggered by a Minor Magnetic Storm in Deep Solar Minimum Revealed by FORMOSAT‐7/COSMIC‐2 and GNSS Observations

This study examines an unexpected and extreme positive ionospheric response to a minor magnetic storm on August 5, 2019 by using global ionosphere specification (GIS) 3D electron density profiles obtained by assimilating radio occultation total electron content (TEC) measurements of the recently launched FORMOSAT‐7/COSMIC‐2 satellites, and ground‐based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) TEC. The results reveal ∼300% enhancement of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests, appearing over 200–300 km altitudes, and a much intense localized density enhancement over the European sector. These are the most intense ionospheric response that has ever been detected for a small magnetic storm with Dst ∼ −53 nT (SYM‐H ∼ −64 nT). The enhancements are validated by using global ionosphere map (GIM) TEC and ground‐based GNSS TEC. The GIS vertical electron density structures during the storm are examined to understand the physical processes giving rise to such an intense ionosphere response during deep solar minimum conditions when the background electron density is very low. Altitude variations and poleward shifts of the locations of the EIA crests indicate that prompt penetration electric fields (PPEF) play an important role in producing the observed positive storm responses, with the storm‐induced equatorward circulation supporting the plasma accumulation against recombination losses. Additional physical mechanisms are required to fully explain the unexpected electron density enhancements for this minor storm event.