Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Importance of regional indices of atmospheric circulation for periods of warming and cooling in Svalbard during 1920–2018

The Arctic has experienced prominent climate warming, at the beginning of the 20th century and currently. Comparing the driving mechanism during these periods helps to explain the causes of contemporary climate change. Our study explores the impact of regional circulation on Svalbard's surface air temperature (SAT, 2 m above ground). We used air temperature data from Svalbard Airport, Bjørnøya stations, and three regional circulation indices that describe the frequency of cyclonic conditions, zonal circulation, and meridional circulation. The indices were calculated for four circulation areas with differing circulation conditions and, therefore, may have various impacts on long‐term changes in SAT. This was checked for the entire study period (1920–2018), and 30‐year sub‐periods representing the most prominent climatic events: the early 20th‐century Arctic warming (ETCAW), contemporary Arctic warming (CAW), and a cold period between them (CAP). In autumn and winter, the deviations in SAT from the long‐term average during warm and cold periods were almost twice as large at Svalbard Airport as at Bjørnøya. In these seasons, the ETCAW was significantly warmer than the subsequent cold period, which was not the case for summer and spring. However, long‐term trends in the regional circulation indices were more evident in summer and spring than in autumn and winter. Air temperature was the most strongly influenced by meridional circulation over the eastern circulation areas, with the exception of spring, when air temperature variability was more affected by zonal circulation. The recent warming weakened the relationship between SAT and the indices in summer. We attributed the ETCAW in autumn to a southerly advection of sensible heat. During the same historical period, the impact of the indices was much weaker in winter. In winter during the CAP, there was a higher frequency of northern air advection, particularly over the northern part of the Greenland Sea.
Substrate-Integrated-Waveguide-Based Complementary Source Array With Enhanced Beamwidth

A complementary source array with enhanced beamwidth is presented based on the substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) in this communication. The orthogonal complementary source consists of a SIW slot and a vertical monopole, of which the radiation pattern is heart-shaped, pointing to the direction perpendicular to both slot and monopole. To achieve an enhanced beamwidth from the heart-shaped pattern, the complementary sources are cascaded to form an array. In particular, the slots are etched alternately on both sides of the central axis to achieve an in-phase excitation, while the monopoles are uniformly loaded with an alternate antiphase excitation. This arrangement makes the heart-shaped pattern of each complementary source element alternately point to either side of the array axis, so that the synthesized radiation beamwidth is enhanced in the E-plane. Based on the proposed idea, a nine-element line array is designed, fabricated, and tested. Compared with the same-sized referenced SIW slot array with an E-plane half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of only 80°, the proposed complementary source array extends the HPBW to 180°.
GOLD Observations of Longitudinal Variations in the Nighttime Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) Crests' Latitudes

Each day the Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk imager observes the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) near sunset from ∼10°E to ∼80°W geographic longitude. Most images cover ∼45° of longitude (∼3 hr), and most longitudes are observed multiple times. Monthly averages of EIA crests' latitude (EIA lats) versus longitude during March, September, and December 2020 have been analyzed. The EIA lats reflect the combined influence of winds, solar radiation, and fields (electric and magnetic) in the equatorial region. Winter solstice differs significantly from the equinoxes, which are similar, but there are notable similarities between all three. The similarities in the EIA lats during the seasons examined indicates that the magnetic equator to subsolar point separation influences them in all three seasons and that it has a more distinct, possibly more significant, influence than winds on the average latitudes.
How do large corporations manage disruption? The perspective of manufacturing executives in Finland

The article explores what forms of disruption are prioritized by top executives of large manufacturing companies in Finland and what strategies they consider appropriate for the management of disruptive threats and opportunities. ,The empirical study was based on interviews with top executives in some of Finland's largest manufacturing companies. ,Based on the data, we identify exploitative and explorative strategies in four dimensions that executives consider important in anticipating and responding to disruptions: internal development efforts, stance on new entrants, ecosystems and institutional change. Due to the presence of multiple potential disruptions, which often generate conflicting demands, executives have to consider them simultaneously and balance between them when making strategic decisions. They therefore do not necessarily have a specific response strategy, but their aim is to develop their companies' capabilities so that they are well-placed to face the future with confidence. ,The findings indicate that the executives envision a disruption landscape that is more complex than typically described in the literature. In addition, it answers the call for a more systematic understanding of incumbents' response strategies by linking different disciplinary views with well-grounded empirical data.
Extraction of Copper(II) with Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid from Perchlorate Medium

Abstract The extraction of copper(II) ion from perchlorate medium at various ionic strength 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10 mol.Kg−1 using di(2-ethylhexy1)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in chloroform were studied. The effects of pH, D2EHPA concentration and ionic strength on the extraction processes have been investigated. The ionic strength effect of the aqueous phase shows that the extraction of copper(II) increases with increasing concentration of perchlorate medium. The composition of the complex formed was established to correspond .
Optimization of Production Process Parameters of DLP Type 3D Printer Design for Product Roughness Value

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a breakthrough in manufacturing technology based on a layer by the layer printing process through various raw material input techniques. Objects to be printed using a 3D model design by adding raw materials to a 3D printing machine are opposite to subtractive manufacturing types, such as in a CNC milling machine. The purpose of this study was to obtain optimal parameters on the DLP type 3D printing machine for product roughness values using methods that include literature, design, and experimental studies. The specimens tested were 30x15x4 mm in size, with ultraviolet resin material. The test results were analyzed based on the 2-level factorial experimental design type and the 3FI design model, which was processed using the Anova method. The analysis results show that the optimal parameter for the DLP type 3D printing machine for the product surface roughness is the layer height; 0.035 mm, exposure time; 19.542 s, and bottom exposure; 60.679 s with a roughness value of 0.469 μm.
Development of Children’s Perspective-Taking and Empathy through Bullying-Themed Books and Role-Playing

ABSTRACT This study examines how reading bullying-themed children’s picture books and role-playing based on these books help young children develop perspective-taking abilities and empathy as well as understanding of bullying. Twenty-one 5-year-old children enrolled in a Flower Garden childcare center located in a metropolitan city in South Korea participated in this study, as well as their teacher Ms. Min. Over the course of six weeks, six role-playing activities based on the bully-themed picture books were implemented according to the following four steps: (1) story reading and discussion, (2) planning for role-playing, (3) role-playing, and (4) reflection. Findings showed that children initially did not convey much empathy toward victims of bullying. As the book readings and role-playing progressed, however, children considered different perspectives, made connections with their own experiences, and expressed sympathy. They used various vocalization, facial expressions, and physical movements to express their feelings during the role-playing activities. Furthermore, they offered their own ideas about what actions should be taken to solve bullying issues.
Electrical properties of SnO_2:Sb ultrathin films prepared by colloidal deposition process

In the present work, we are investigating the electronic transport mechanism for antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) ultrathin films produced by a colloidal deposition process (CDP) of nanocrystals synthesized via a solvothermal route in organic medium. The ATO ultrathin films were prepared from nanoparticles containing 9 mol% of Sb and the observed electrical resistivity at room temperature was 1.55, 1.10 × 10^−1, and 1.83 × 10^−3 Ω cm, respectively, for the 40, 45, and 71 nm films. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were carried out to investigate the films and electrical resistivity measurements taken in the four-probe mode with temperature ranging from −260 to 27 °C (13–300 K ± 0.1 K). Results show a good data fitting on Mott’s two-dimensional (2D) noninteracting variable range hopping for the 45 nm thin film, which is not further observed for the ATO ultrathin films obtained from CDP.
The role of patent expiration in acquisition decision and target selection in the pharmaceutical industry

This paper addresses the calls for greater research on the antecedents of technological acquisitions by exploring a mechanism that drives both acquisition decision and target selection. Drawing from the RBV, this paper presents patent expiration as a driver behind pharmaceutical firms’ acquisition decisions and target selection. This paper argues that patent expiration constitutes a disruption to pharmaceutical firms’ pipelines and a threat to revenue and profit streams and that acquisitions represent a possible short- term solution for firms to replenish their patent portfolios and to ensure a continuous flow of revenues. Using a sample of US pharmaceutical firms, this paper shows that pharmaceutical firms engage in acquisitions when they face large amounts of patent expiration and when they are unable to internally replenish their patent portfolios. The results also show that acquiring firms have a preference for targets with resources similar to their existing portfolio of patents, which is explained by firms’ desire to minimize post- integration problems and possible disruptions derived from the difficulties in assimilation and commercial exploitation of distant knowledge. This is in contrast with previous studies indicating that acquiring firms benefit from knowledge bases that are more distant.
SlurryNet: Predicting Critical Velocities and Frictional Pressure Drops in Oilfield Suspension Flows

Improving the accuracy of the slurry flow predictions in different operating flow regimes remains a major focus for multiphase flow research, and it is especially targeted at industrial applications such as oil and gas. In this paper we develop a robust integrated method consisting of an artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector regression (SVR) to estimate the critical velocity, the slurry flow regime change, and ultimately, the frictional pressure drop for a solid–liquid slurry flow in a horizontal pipe, covering wide ranges of flow and geometrical parameters. Three distinct datasets were used to develop machine learning models with totals of 100, 325, and 125 data points for critical velocity, and frictional pressure drops for heterogeneous and bed-load regimes respectively. For each dataset, 80% of the data were used for training and the rest 20% for evaluating the out of sample performance. The K-fold technique was used for cross-validation. The prediction results of the developed integrated method showed that it significantly outperforms the widely used existing correlations and models in the literature. Additionally, the proposed integrated method with the average absolute relative error (AARE) of 0.084 outperformed the model developed without regime classification with the AARE of 0.155. The proposed integrated model not only offers reliable predictions over a wide range of operating conditions and different flow regimes for the first time, but also introduces a general framework of how to utilize prior physical knowledge to achieve more reliable performances from machine learning methods.
Formulation of Folate-conjugated, Doxorubicin-loaded Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Promotion of Gene Expression Associated with Apoptosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma

In this study, we developed a new, efficient targeting and pH-responsive formulation using folate (FA)-conjugated human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles to deliver doxorubicin (DOX) drug to renal cell carcinoma. FA was conjugated to HSA, and DOX was loaded into obtained FA-HSA NP using the desolvation method. FA-HSA-DOX NPs were examined using zeta potential and (DLS) measurements, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, FTIR, and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Drug liberation rate, toxicity/viability rate, and the apoptosis/necrosis effect of different DOX, FA-HSA, and FA-DOX-HSA treatments were evaluated using release profile study, MTT assay, and flow cytometry methods, respectively. The expression of BAK, BCL2, BAX, and BCL-XL genes in cancer cells after treatment was analyzed via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The average size, zeta potential, and polydispersity of FA-DOX-HSA NPs were 200 ± 9 (nm), − 47 ± 7 (mv), and 0.012, respectively. This formulation showed pH-dependent drug release, high drug loading performance, sustained ability of drug release. The notable toxic properties and high apoptosis-stimulation ability of the FA-HAS-DOX NPs in RCC-GH cell lines demonstrated long-term anticancer efficacy. Also, real-time PCR results showed an increase in BAX expression and a decrease in BCL-2 L1 and BCL-XL significantly. Our findings indicate that FA-HSA NPs have no cytotoxic effect on cancer cells (RCC-GH) and healthy cells (RPTEC/TERT1). Our study provides a simple and efficient FA-HSA carrier with intrinsic biocompatibility for DOX drug delivery
Ideological homophily or political interest: Factors affecting Twitter friendship network between politicians

ABSTRACT The internet has been praised as a tool that would increase political participation and enhance dialogue between politicians and the public. In fact, the widespread use of social media has turned the internet into a valuable communication channel for both individuals and organizations. Notably, it presented many opportunities for politicians and political parties to reach their constituencies. However, studies on politicians’ social media behaviors reported that they were using social media for broadcasting official political positions and self-promotion. In addition, the social media has become a tool to extend traditional politics into the cyberspace where interaction and exchange between rival political groups are rare and not very productive. As a result, ideological homophily was reported as the most crucial predictor of network formation on social media for politicians. This study explored that finding by analyzing Twitter friendships and retweeting networks of Turkish politicians. It found that political interests were more influential in politicians’ social media networks than ideological homophily.
Molint
 1.0: A framework for the computation of molecular integrals and their derivatives for
 density‐fitted
 methods

The efficient computation of molecular integrals and their derivatives is a crucial step in molecular property evaluation in modern quantum chemistry. In this study, an application programming interface (API) framework, denoted M OLINT , for the computation of molecular integrals and their first derivatives, over contracted Gaussian functions, for the density-fitted methods is reported. The M OLINT is free software and it includes overlap, dipole, kinetic, potential, 2-index, and 3-index integrals, and their first derivatives. Furthermore, the M OLINT provides a smooth approach to build the Fock matrix and evaluate analytic gradients for the density-fitted methods. The M OLINT is a C++/F ORTRAN hybrid code, which can take advantage of shared-memory parallel programming techniques. Our results demonstrate that the M OLINT is an efficient and user-friendly API for the computation of molecular integrals and their first derivatives.
Simulation of Scalability in Cloud-Based IoT Reactive Systems Leveraged on a WSAN Simulator and Cloud Computing Technologies

Implementing a wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN) in Internet of Things (IoT) applications is a complex task. The need to establish the number of nodes, sensors, and actuators, and their location and characteristics, requires a tool that allows the preliminary determination of this information. Additionally, in IoT scenarios where a large number of sensors and actuators are present, such as in a smart city, it is necessary to analyze the scalability of these systems. Modeling and simulation can help to conduct an early study and reduce development and deployment times in environments such as a smart city. The design-time verification of the system through a network simulation tool is useful for the most complex and expensive part of the system formed by a WSAN. However, the use of real components for other parts of the IoT system is feasible by using cloud computing infrastructure. Although there are cloud computing simulators, the cloud layer is poorly developed for the requirements of IoT applications. Technologies around cloud computing can be used for the rapid deployment of some parts of the IoT application and software services using containers. With this framework, it is possible to accelerate the development of the real system, facilitate the rapid deployment of a prototype, and provide more realistic simulations. This article proposes an approach for the modeling and simulation of IoT systems and services in a smart city leveraged in a WSAN simulator and technologies of cloud computing. Our approach was verified through experiments with two use cases. (1) A model of sensor and actuator networks as an integral part of an IoT application to monitor and control parks in a city. Through this use case, we analyze the scalability of a system whose sensors constantly emit data. (2) A model for cloud-based IoT reactive parking lot systems for a city. Through our approach, we have created an IoT parking system simulation model. The model contains an M/M/c/N queuing system to simulate service requests from users. In this use case, the model replication through hierarchical modeling and scalability of a distributed parking reservation service were evaluated. This last use case showed how the simulation model could provide information to size the system through probability distribution variables related to the queuing system. The experimental results show that the use of simulation techniques for this type of application makes it possible to analyze scalability in a more realistic way.
Decades of Internet of Things towards 21st Century: A Research-Based Introspective

Internet connects people to people, people to machine, and machine to machine for a life of serendipity through a Cloud. Internet of Things networks objects or people and integrates them with software to collect and exchange data. The Internet of things (IoT) influences our lives based on how we ruminate, respond, and anticipate. IoT 2020 heralds from the fringes to the data ecosystem and panaches a comfort zone. IoT is overwhelmingly embraced by businessmen and consumers due to increased productivity and convenience. Internet of Things facilitates intelligent device control with cloud vendors like Amazon and Google using artificial intelligence for data analytics, and with digital assistants like Alexa and Siri providing a voice user interface. Smart IoT is all about duplex connecting, processing, and implementing. With 5G, lightning faster rate of streaming analytics is realistic. An amalgamation of technologies has led to this techno-industrial IoT revolution. Centralized IoT architecture is vulnerable to cyber-attacks. With Block Chain, it is possible to maintain transparency and security of the transaction's data. Standardization of IoT devices is achievable with limited vendors based on Platform, Connectivity, and Application. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) using bots has automated laborious tasks in 2019. Embedded Internet using Facial Recognition could reduce the pandemic crisis. Security concerns are addressed with micro-segmentation approaches. IoT, an incredible vision of the future makes systems adaptive with customized features, responsive with increased efficiency, and procurable with optimized cost. This paper delivers a comprehensive insight into the technical perspectives of IoT, focusing on interoperability, flexibility, scalability, mobility, security, transparency, standardization, and low energy.
Grime's CSR Strategies of Aquatic Macrophytes in Different Lagoon Lakes in Northern Turkey

In this study, CSR strategies, biological diversity and water traits were evaluated in three lagoon lakes (Liman, Cernek and Balık) which had different nutrient status in the Central Black Sea Region of Turkey. The most productive lake was Balık lake, while the lowest productive lake is Liman lake in the study area. Secondary strategies were found to be dominant in studied lakes. No species exhibit pure S-strategy in the present study. pH, electrical conductivity, P and NH4 concentrations were found to be significant. However, total of nitrite-N and nitrate-N concentrations were not significant. EC and pH were associated with the species in Liman and Cernek lakes, respectively. However, P and NH4 concentrations were associated with the species in Balık lake according to canonical correspondence analysis. Significant correlations were found among chemical traits and biological diversity. pH was positively correlated with Shannon-Wiener index, while negatively correlated with Simpson and Berger-Parker indexes. No significant correlations were found between water P concentrations and evenness. Our data supported intermediate disturbance hypothesis in the studied lakes.
Heterocypris spadix sp. nov. (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Cypridoidea) from Japan, with Information on Its Reproductive Mode

We describe the cypridoidean ostracod Heterocypris spadix sp. nov. from brackish water on Okinawa Island, Japan. The species closely resembles Heterocypris salina (Brady, 1868) but differs in that (1) the marginal infolds on valves are less developed, (2) the tubercles on the anterior margin of the right valve are completely covered by the selvage and invisible in inner view, and (3) the calcified inner lamella on the ventral margin of the left and right valves is scarcely evident in inner view, as the ventral margins of the valves bend inwardly. We determined partial sequences for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI; cox1) and 18S rRNA genes in H. spadix for future DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analyses. Our sample contained only females. A breeding experiment revealed that H. spadix females reproduce parthenogenetically. Another experiment showed that H. spadix has low tolerance to desiccation, with all individuals at 25°C dying between 1–2 hours after removal from water. We amplified and sequenced a partial 16S rRNA sequence for the endosymbiotic bacterium Cardinium from H. spadix. Infection by Cardinium may be related to the parthenogenetic reproductive mode we observed in H. spadix.