Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Nonlinear Transmission Line Model of the Cochlea With Temporal Integration Accounts for Duration Effects in Threshold Fine Structure

Summary For normal-hearing listeners, auditory pure-tone thresholds in quiet often show quasi periodic ﬂuctuations when measured with a high frequency resolution, referred to as threshold ﬁne structure. Threshold ﬁne structure is dependent on the stimulus duration, with smaller ﬂuctuations for short than for long signals. The present study demonstrates how this e ﬀ ect can be captured by a nonlinear and active model of the cochlear in combination with a temporal integration stage. Since this cochlear model also accounts for ﬁne structure and connected level-dependent e ﬀ ects, it is superior to ﬁlter-based approaches and hence allows the investigation of the contributions of cochlear-and retro-cochlear processing on behavioural data, including stimulus-duration dependent e ﬀ ects of threshold ﬁne structure. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Hirzel Verlag · EAA. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CCBY4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Blepharophimosis syndrome be practiced universally ?

2. Sarihan H, Mocan H, Yildiz K, Abes M, Akyazici R. A new treatment with bleomycin for complicated cutaneous hemangioma in children. Eur J Pediatr Surg 1997;7:158-62. 3. Luo QF, Zhao FY. The effects of Bleomycin A5 on infantile maxillofacial haemangioma. Head Face Med 2011;7:11. 4. Luo Q, Zhao F. How to use bleomycin A5 for infantile maxillofacial haemangiomas: Clinical evaluation of 82 consecutive cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011;39:482-6. 5. Yang Y, Sun M, Cheng X, Hu X, Zhang P, Ma Q, et al. Bleomycin A5 plus dexamethasone for control of growth in infantile parotid hemangiomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:62-9. 6. Holmes WJ, Mishra A, Gorst C, Liew SH. Propranolol as first-line treatment for rapidly proliferating infantile haemangiomas. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2011;64:445-51.
TRanscutaneous Electrical vAgus nerve sTimulation to suppress Atrial Fibrillation (TREAT AF): a randomized clinical trial

Background—Low-level transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve at the tragus (LLTS) acutely suppresses atrial fibrillation (AF) in humans, but the chronic effect remains unknown. Objectives—We conducted a sham-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to examine the effect of chronic LLTS in patients with paroxysmal AF. Methods—LLTS (20Hz, 1mA below the discomfort threshold) was delivered using an ear clip attached to the tragus (active; n=26) or the ear lobe (sham control; n=27) for 1 hour daily over 6 months. AF burden over 2-week periods was assessed by noninvasive continuous ECG monitoring at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Five-minute ECG and serum were obtained at each visit to measure heart rate variability (HRV) and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Results—Baseline characteristics were balanced between the 2 groups. Adherence to the stimulation protocol (≤4 sessions lost per month), was 75% in the active and 83% in the control arm (p>0.05). At 6 months, the median AF burden was 85% lower in the active compared to the control arm (ratio of medians: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.65, p=0.011). Tumor necrosis factor-α was significantly decreased by 23% in the active relative to the control group (ratio of medians: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.94, p=0.0093). Frequency domain indices of HRV were significantly altered with active vs. control stimulation (p<0.01). No device-related side effects were observed. Conclusion—Chronic, intermittent LLTS resulted in lower AF burden than sham control stimulation, supporting its use to treat paroxysmal AF in selected patients. Condensed Abstract Address for correspondence: Stavros Stavrakis, MD, PhD, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 Stanton L Young Blvd, Suite 5400, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, Phone: 405-271-9696, Fax: 405-271-7455, stavros-stavrakis@ouhsc.edu. Disclosures: None ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02548754 Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. HHS Public Access Author manuscript JACC Clin Electrophysiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2021 March 01. Published in final edited form as: JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2020 March ; 6(3): 282–291. doi:10.1016/j.jacep. 2019.11. 008. A uhor M anscript
IFNL4 Genotype Does Not Associate with CD4 T-Cell Recovery in Persons Living with HIV.

Immune non-responders are persons with HIV infection who fail to restore their CD4 T-cell counts in spite of prolonged virologic suppression, a condition associated with higher rates of all-cause mortality. The mechanisms of immune non-response are not entirely clear. We used existing clinical and genetic data from ACTG clinical trials to ask whether an IFNL4 single nucleotide polymorphism, shown to associate with outcomes for other infectious diseases, correlated with immune non-response for HIV. Analysis of data from 426 participants with clearly defined CD4 T-cell recovery phenotypes, including 88 immune non-responders with CD4 <200 cells/mm3 after 2 years of suppressive antiretroviral therapy, did not identify an association of IFNL4 genotype with immune non-response. Thus, IFNL4 genotype is unlikely to influence immunologic recovery.
Direct estimation of the reduced scattering coefficient from experimentally measured time-resolved reflectance via Monte Carlo based lookup tables

A heuristic method for estimating the reduced scattering coefficient (μs’) of turbid media using time-resolved reflectance is presented. The technique requires measurements of the distributions of times-of-flight (DTOF) of photons arriving at two identical detection channels placed at unique distances relative to a source. Measured temporal shifts in DTOF peak intensities at the two channels were used to estimate μs’ of the medium using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation-based lookup tables. MC simulations were used to compute temporal shifts in modeled reflectance at experimentally employed source-detector separations (SDS) for media spanning a wide range of optical properties to construct look up tables. Experiments in Intralipid (IL) phantoms demonstrated that we could retrieve μs’ with errors ranging between 6-25% of expected (literature) values, using reflectance measured across 650-800 nm and SDS of 5-15mm. Advantages of the technique include direct processing of measured data without requiring iterative non-linear curve fitting. We also discuss applicability of this approach for media with low scattering coefficients where the commonly employed diffusion theory analysis could be inaccurate, with practical recommendations for use. © 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Supplemental breast imaging utilization following breast density legislation in North Carolina

Objective: Breast density notification laws are increasingly common, but little is known of how they affect supplemental screening use. We investigated supplemental screening before and after density notification in North Carolina, where notification has been required since 2014. Methods: We evaluated breast screening data from Carolina Mammography Registry participants aged 40-79 years with no personal history of breast cancer or breast implants. Supplemental screening was defined as a non-diagnostic digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), whole breast ultrasound, or breast magnetic resonance imaging examination performed within three months of a negative or benign screening mammogram (2-D or DBT). Supplemental screening before (2012-2013) and after (2014-2016) the notification law was compared using logistic regression. Corresponding author: Sarah J. Nyante, CB#7515, 130 Mason Farm Rd. #3122, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7515; sarah_nyante@med.unc. edu; Phone (919) 445-3009; Fax (919) 966-0525. Author roles Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work: MWM, SL, LMH Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work: SJN, MWM, KE, TB, SL, LMH Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content: SJN, MWM, KE, SL, LMH Final approval of the version to be published: SJN, MWM, TB, KE, SL, LMH Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work: SJN, MWM, TB, KE, SL, LMH Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. HHS Public Access Author manuscript J Am Coll Radiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2021 January 01. Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Radiol. 2020 January ; 17(1 Pt A): 6–14. doi:10.1016/j.jacr. 2019.05. 054. A uhor M anscript
Physical and Psychological Correlates of Fatigue and Physical Function: A Stanford-NIH Open Source Pain Registry Study

Background—Fatigue is a multidimensional construct that has significant implications for physical function in chronic non-cancer pain populations but remains relatively understudied. The current study characterized the independent contributions of self-reported ratings of pain intensity, sleep disturbance, depression, and fatigue to ratings of physical function and pain-related interference in a diverse sample of treatment-seeking individuals with chronic pain. Methods—These relationships were examined as a path modeling analysis of self-report scores obtained from 2,487 individuals with chronic pain from a tertiary care outpatient pain clinic. Results—Our analyses revealed unique relationships of pain intensity, sleep disturbance, and depression with self-reported fatigue. Further, fatigue scores accounted for significant proportions of the relationships of both pain intensity and depression with physical function and pain-related interference, and accounted for the entirety of the unique statistical relationship between sleep disturbance and both physical function and pain-related interference. Conclusions—Fatigue is a complex construct with relationships to both physical and psychological factors that has significant implications for physical functioning in chronic noncancer pain. The current results identify potential targets for future treatment of fatigue in chronic pain, and may provide directions for future clinical and theoretical research in the area of chronic non-cancer pain. Perspective—Fatigue is an important physical and psychological variable that factors prominently in the deleterious consequences of pain intensity, sleep disturbance, and depression for physical function in chronic non-cancer pain.
Our Tangled Heritage : Demographic History and the Indian Caste System

Ober C, Elias S, Kostyu DD, Hauck WW (1992) Decreased fecundability in Hutterite couples sharing HLA-DR. Am J Hum Genet 50:6-14 Oksenberg JR, Persitz E, Amar A, Schenker J, Segal S, Nelken D, Brautbar C (1983) Mixed lymphocyte reactivity nonresponsiveness in couples with multiple spontaneous abortions. Fertil Steril 39:525-529 Schacter B, Weitkamp LR, Johnson WE (1984) Parental HLA compatibility in parents of offspring with neural-tube defects: evidence for a Tit-like locus in humans. Am J Hum Genet 36:1082-1091
Identification and functional characterization of T cells reactive to citrullinated-vimentin in HLA-DRB1*0401 humanized mice and RA patients

Objective—Antibodies towards the citrullinated form of the synovial antigen vimentin are specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and associated with HLADRB1*0401. This suggests that T cells specific for peptides derived from citrullinated-vimentin presented in the context of HLADRB1*0401 may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of RA. Here, we aimed to identify immunodominant epitopes from citrullinated-vimentin presented by HLADRB1*0401 and characterize the resulting T cell responses. Methods—We first predicted an HLA-binding T cell epitope from citrullinated vimentin based on the binding motif of DRB1*0401, and then confirmed its affinity. An MHC class-II tetramer loaded with cit-vim59-78 was constructed and used to screen for specific T cells in DRB1*0401 transgenic mice, RA patients and healthy controls. Additionally, the cytokine output following citvim59-78 challenge was analyzed in patients and healthy subjects by multicolor flow cytometry and luminex-based analysis. Results—The citrullinated form of vim59-78 bound to HLA-DRB1*0401 while the native version could not. Subsequently, cit-vim59-78-specific T cells were detected in immunized mice and in the periphery of both HLA-DR*0401 healthy controls and RA subjects, using MHC class-II tetramers, CD154 upregulation and intracellular cytokine measurements. Cell culture supernatants demonstrated an enhanced production of cytokines, most prominent of which was IFNγ from RAderived cells in response to cit-vim59-78 in comparison to healthy controls. Conclusions—Here, we describe a posttranslational modification of an RA candidate autoantigen towards which DRB1*0401-restricted, T cells can be found in both RA patients and healthy controls, but for which a proinflammatory response is uniquely found among subjects with RA.
Guidelines for the selection of appropriate remote sensing technologies for landslide detection, monitoring and rapid mapping: the experience of the SafeLand European Project.

(1) Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement, CNRS ERL 7230, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, (2) Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7516, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, (3) Faculty for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands, (4) University of Florence, Department of Earth Sciences, Florence, Italy, (5) Université de Lausanne, Institut de Géomatique et d’Analyse du Risque, Lausanne, Switzerland, (6) Analisi e Monitoraggio del Rischio Ambientale, Naples, Italy, (7) Università degli studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy, (8) Geological Survey of Austria, Vienna, Austria, (9) Geological Survey of Norway, Trondheim, Norway, (10) Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, (11) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, (12) Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, Orléans, France, (13) Geological Survey of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Evaluation of diffusion kurtosis imaging stroke lesion with hemodynamic and metabolic MRI in a rodent model of acute stroke

Objective: Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) has emerged as a new acute stroke imaging approach, augmenting the routine diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Whereas it has been shown that diffusion lesion without kurtosis abnormality is more likely to recover upon reperfusion while the kurtosis lesion shows poor response, little is known about the underlying pathophysiology between the kurtosis lesion and kurtosis/diffusion lesion mismatch. Materials and methods: We performed multiparametric MRI, including arterial spin labeling (ASL), pH-sensitive amide proton transfer (APT) and DKI in an embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rodent model of acute stroke. Diffusion and kurtosis lesions were semiautomatically segmented, and multiparametric MRI indices were compared between kurtosis lesion, diffusion lesion, kurtosis/diffusion lesion mismatch and the contralateral normal area. Results: We confirmed a significant difference between diffusion and kurtosis lesion volumes (151 ± 65 vs. 125 ± 47 mm3, P<0.05). Although the ischemic lesions have significantly reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) from the contralateral normal tissue, we did not find significant CBF difference between kurtosis lesion and the kurtosis/diffusion lesion mismatch (0.53±0.10 vs. 0.47±0.14 ml/g∙min, P>0.05). Importantly, pH in the kurtosis lesion was significantly lower from that of the lesion mismatch (6.81 ± 0.08 vs. 6.89±0.09, P<0.01). Corresponding author: Phillip Zhe Sun, Ph.D. (pzhesun@mgh.harvard.edu), 149-13th Street, Rm-2301, Department of Radiology, MGH and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA, Phone: (617) 726-4060. Fax: (617) 726-7422. ‡These authors contributed equally to this work. IRB Statement: The study has been approved by the local institutional animal care and use committee. Financial Disclosure: No conflict of interest. HHS Public Access Author manuscript AJR Am J Roentgenol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2019 October 25. Published in final edited form as: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2018 April ; 210(4): 720–727. doi:10.2214/AJR.17. 19134. A uhor M anscript
Tc-Labeled-rhTSH Analogue (TR1401) for Imaging Poorly Differentiated Metastatic Thyroid Cancer

Background: Differentiated thyroid carcinomas originating from thyroid follicular cells are frequent tumors of the thyroid with relatively good prognosis due to improved surgical techniques and follow-up procedures. Poorly differentiated thyroid cancers, which lose iodine uptake ability, in most cases still express thyrotropin (TSH) receptors (TSHR). Therefore, the aim of this study was to radiolabel a superagonist recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) analogue for imaging poorly differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods: The TSHR superagonist, TR1401, was labeled with Tc using an indirect method via succinimidyl6-hydrazinonicotinate hydrochloride conjugation. In vitro quality controls included SDS-PAGE, cysteine challenge, and cell-binding assay on TSHR positive cell lines ( JP09 and ML-1). In vivo studies included tumor targeting experiments in athymic nude CD-1 mice xenografted with several different TSHR positive cells ( JP09, K1, and ML-1) and TSHR negative cells ( JP02) as control. Results: The superagonist rhTSH analogue TR1401 was labeled with high labeling efficiency (>95%) and high specific activity (9250 MBq/mg). The labeled molecule retained its biologic activity and structural integrity. In tumor targeting experiments, a focal uptake of radiolabeled TR1401 was observed in TSHR positive cells but not in TSHR negative cells. The same observation was made in a dog with spontaneous intraglandular thyroid cancer. Conclusions: We were able to radiolabel the rhTSH superagonist analogue TR1401 with Tc efficiently with retention of in vitro and in vivo binding capacity to TSHR. The relative role of such novel radiopharmaceutical versus I scanning of thyroid cancer will require future histopathologic and clinical studies, but it may open new perspectives for presurgical staging of thyroid cancer, and diagnosis of radioiodine negative local relapses and/or distant metastases.
Contribution Optimism andHealthy Aging inWomen andMen

Mounting evidence indicates that there are specific associations between higher levels of optimism and healthier behaviors, reduced risk of chronic diseases, and lower mortality. Yet, for public health purposes, it is critical to consider how optimismmight be related to a full scope of health conditions in aging—from cognitive to physical health. Using prospective data from the Health and Retirement Study (n = 5,698), we examined whether higher baseline optimism was associated with subsequent increased likelihood of maintaining healthy aging over 6–8 years of follow-up. Optimism was assessed at study baseline (2006 or 2008), and components of healthy aging were assessed every 2 years, defined as: 1) remaining free of major chronic diseases; 2) having no cognitive impairment; and 3) good physical functioning. Hazard ratios were obtained using Cox proportional hazards models, and a range of relevant covariates were considered (sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms, and health behaviors). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors and depression, the most (top quartile) versus least (bottom quartile) optimistic participants had a 24% increased likelihood of maintaining healthy aging (95% CI: 1.11, 1.38). Further adjustment for health behaviors did not meaningfully change the findings. Optimism, a potentially modifiable health asset, merits further research for its potential to improve likelihood of health in aging.
Engraftment of PBMC from SLE and APS Donors into BALB- Rag2−/−IL2Rgc−/− Mice: a Promising Model for Studying Human Disease

Purpose—To construct a humanized SLE mouse that resembles the human disease to define pathophysiology and targeted for treatments. Methods—We infused peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from SLE patients into BALB-Rag2−/−IL2Rgc−/−mice (DKO), which lack T, B and NK cells. PBMC from 5 SLE patients and 4 normal donors (ND) at 3–5×106/mouse were infused IV/IP to non-irradiated 4–5 weeks old mice. We evaluated the engraftment of human CD45+cells and monitored the plasma human IgG, anti-dsDNA, anti-cardiolipin (aCL) antibodies, proteinuria, and kidney histology. Results—We found 100% successful engraftment of 40 DKO mice infused with human PBMC. In both SLE-DKO and ND-DKO mice, 50–80% human CD45+ cells were observed in PBMC fraction 4–6 weeks post engraftment, with 70–90% CD3+ cells. There were fewer CD3+4+cells (5.5±2.1%) and more CD3+8+cells (79.4±3.6%) in the SLE-DKO mice, as in the SLE patients. CD19+B cells and CD11c+Monocytic cells were found in the spleen, lung, liver and bone marrow. There was no significant difference in plasma human IgG levels and anti-dsDNA antibodies between SLE-DKO and ND-DKO mice. Levels of aCL antibody were significantly higher in all SLE-DKO mice infused with PBMC from a SLE patient with high titers of aCL antibodies. SLE-DKO mice had proteinuria, human IgG deposits in the kidneys and shorter life span. In SLEDKO mice engrafted from the aCL-positive patient, we found micro-thrombi and infiltration of CD3+, CD8+ and CD19+ cells in the glomeruli, recapitulating APS in these mice. Conclusion—A novel humanized SLE-DKO mouse is established, exhibiting many characteristics of immunologic and clinical features of SLE.
Characterization of the poll allele in Brahman cattle using long-read Oxford Nanopore sequencing

Brahman cattle (Bos indicus) are well adapted to thrive in tropical environments. Since their introduction to Australia in 1933, Brahman’s ability to grow and reproduce on marginal lands has proven their value in the tropical beef industry. The poll phenotype, which describes the absence of horns, has become desirable in the cattle industry for animal welfare and handler safety concerns. The poll locus has been mapped to chromosome one. Four alleles, each a copy number variant, have been reported across this locus in B. indicus and Bos taurus. However, the causative mutation in Brahman cattle has not been fully characterized. Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ minION sequencer was used to sequence four homozygous poll (PcPc), four homozygous horned (pp), and three heterozygous (Pcp) Brahmans to characterize the poll allele in Brahman cattle. A total of 98 Gb were sequenced and an average coverage of 3.33X was achieved. Read N50 scores ranged from 9.9 to 19 kb. Examination of the mapped reads across the poll locus revealed insertions approximately 200 bp in length in the poll animals that were absent in the horned animals. These results are consistent with the Celtic poll allele, a 212-bp duplication that replaces 10 bp. This provides direct evidence that the Celtic poll allele is segregating in the Australian Brahman population.