Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pose-Guided Complementary Features Learning for Amur Tiger Re-Identification

Re-identifying different animal individuals is of significant importance to animal behavior and ecology research and protecting endangered species. This paper focuses on Amur tiger re-identification (re-ID) using computer vision (CV) technology. State-of-the-art CV-based Amur tiger re-ID methods extract local features from different body parts of tigers based on stand-alone pose estimation methods. Consequently, they are limited by the pose estimation accuracy and suffer from self-occluded body parts. Instead of estimating elaborated body poses, this paper simplifies tiger poses as right-headed or left-headed and utilizes this information as an auxiliary pose classification task to supervise the feature learning. To further enhance the feature discriminativeness, this paper learns multiple complementary features by steering different feature extraction network branches towards different regions of the tiger body via erasing activated regions from input tiger images. By fusing the pose-guided complementary features, this paper effectively improves the Amur tiger re-ID accuracy as demonstrated in the evaluation experiments on two test datasets. The code and data of this paper are publicly available at https://github.com/liuning-scu-cn/AmurTigerReID.
An Attribute-Assisted Re ranking Model for Web Image Search

Image search reranking is an effective approach to refine the text-based image search result. Text-based image retrieval suffers from essential difficulties that are caused mainly by the incapability of the associated text to appropriately describe the image content. In this paper, reranking methods are suggested address this problem in scalable fashion. Based on the classifiers for all the predefined attributes, each image is represented by an attribute feature consisting of the responses from these classifiers. A hypergraph can be used to model the relationship between images by integrating low-level visual features and attribute features. Hypergraph ranking is then performed to order the images. Its basic principle is that visually similar images should have similar ranking scores. It improves the performance over the text-based image search engine. Keywords: hypergraph, attribute-assisted
Study of the Influence of Ventilation Pipeline Setting on Cooling Effects in High-Temperature Mines

The high-temperature environment is a major factor that affects deep mining. Cooling has become a major expense, accounting for up to 25% of the total energy consumption of such mines. To address methods of cooling and the cooling cost, this paper studies the influence of the ventilation duct layout on the cooling effect. Six models were created in ICEM-CFD (3D modeling software), and the influence of cold airflow diffusion on the temperature of the mine environment was numerically simulated using ANSYS Fluent. Under the condition of the same ventilation volume, two models utilizing single pipe and double pipe scenarios were established, and six points were selected as the pipeline suspension position, forming six ventilation duct models. The cooling effect of each model was evaluated by analyzing the average temperature of the roadway section, the three-dimensional distribution of the roadway temperature and the velocity streamline of the whole roadway. The results show that the double-tube model has greater advantages than the single-tube model does, due to its superior local temperature, average temperature of the cross-section, range below 303 K, temperature uniformity and local wind speed. Among the models, model 4 (diameter of 0.5 m, 1.9 m away from the bottom of the roadway and 2.4 m away from the center of the circle) is the best pipeline layout scheme for comprehensive temperature values, roadway temperature uniformity and other factors. The average temperature is 299.3 K within 8 m from the mining face, which is 1.66 K lower than that of the single tube model. This configuration will increase the comfort of the mining environment and reduce cooling costs. These results can provide a reference for ventilation duct layouts of roadways in high temperature mines.
Experiments in synonymy: term extraction and mapping to concepts

We describe experiments using distributional semantics to extract and map simple terms from a corpus of genomics in Portuguese. A list of salient terms is first extracted from the corpus and manually verified by a geneticist. We then suggest a list of possible matches for the salient terms among the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) semantic types and concepts using a Vector Space Model (VSM). Experiments show that salient terms can be extracted efficiently, while mapping them to specific concepts from a large set semantic types proved much more difficult.
Identifying South Africa's wood exports potential using a gravity model

South Africa identified the wood products as a priority sector that needs to be developed as it can contribute towards achieving higher levels of economic growth and employment generation. The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of South Africa’s exports of wood and articles of wood using a gravity model approach. It further investigates whether there is unexploited trade potential between South Africa and its trading partners within this sector. A gravity model was estimated using panel data econometric methodology. The results are in line with the theoretical predictions of the gravity model. The model was simulated to determine the within sample trade potential. The results indicated that there is unexploited trade potential among some South Africa’s trading partners. This potential should be exploited in order to stimulate growth, reduce unemployment and alleviate poverty. Keywords-component; wood; export potential; panel data; gravity model; South Africa
‘Complex teaching realities’ and ‘deep rooted cultural traditions’: Barriers to the implementation and internalisation of formative assessment in China

Abstract This article forms the first part of an Action Research project designed to incorporate formative assessment into the culture of learning of a bilingual school in Shanghai, China. It synthesises the empirical literature on formative assessment in China to establish some of the difficulties that teachers have faced in trying to incorporate this approach into their teaching. Some of the barriers include student and teacher resistance and notions of face (mianzi) which are also related to deeply held cultural scripts for teaching and learning that emphasise knowledge transmission and respect for the teacher. The article then explores some of the bottom-up solutions that have been suggested by researchers, such as collaborative dialogue, professional development and international perspectives. These suggestions provide a jumping-off point for offering intercultural communicative competence as a concept and a method that could be effective in ameliorating cultural discontinuities. Throughout, I show how the difficulties and solutions highlighted by empirical research relate to my own teaching context. Although intercultural communicative competence is not new to China, its application to the internalisation of borrowed policies that include formative assessment has yet to be explored.
Biological Evaluation of a Potential Anticancer Agent Methyl N-[5-(3'-Iodobenzoyl)-1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl]Carbamate.

Background: Resistance of cancer to chemo- and radiotherapy remains a major clinical problem. This study contributes to the ongoing search for agents that can bypass this resistance by developing a novel antimitotic theranostic. Materials and Methods: Methyl N-[5-(3'-iodobenzoyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamates 1 and 2 were synthesized from a common precursor 3 or its 3'-stannylated derivative. The cytotoxicity of compound 1 was evaluated in several neuroblastoma and glioblastoma cell lines and in the NCI 60-cell assay. Biodistribution was conducted in mice after oral administration of compound 2 to determine tissue and brain uptake. Result: Lethal concentrations (LC50s) of compound 1 in neuroblastoma and glioblastoma are >15 × lower compared with compound 3, a drug currently tested in clinical studies in pediatric and adult brain tumors. Growth inhibition concentrations (GI50) are in the nanomolar range in 60 cancer cell lines. When compound 1 is combined with a 4-Gy dose of radiation, <0.5% of cells retain their reproductive integrity. Increased hydrophobicity of new agents greatly enhances their brain uptake after oral administration. Conclusions: Compound 1 is potently cytotoxic in a wide range of human cancer cell lines. Its structure allows incorporation of imaging and therapeutic radionuclides. It is therefore expected that compound 1 can be developed into a novel theranostic modality across a wide range of malignancies.
Deep Eutectic Solvents as New Reaction Media to Produce Alkyl-Glycosides Using Alpha-Amylase from Thermotoga maritima

Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) were investigated as new reaction media for the synthesis of alkyl glycosides catalyzed by the thermostable α-amylase from Thermotoga maritima Amy A. The enzyme was almost completely deactivated when assayed in a series of pure DES, but as cosolvents, DES containing alcohols, sugars, and amides as hydrogen-bond donors (HBD) performed best. A choline chloride:urea based DES was further characterized for the alcoholysis reaction using methanol as a nucleophile. As a cosolvent, this DES increased the hydrolytic and alcoholytic activity of the enzyme at low methanol concentrations, even when both activities drastically dropped when methanol concentration was increased. To explain this phenomenon, variable-temperature, circular dichroism characterization of the protein was conducted, finding that above 60 °C, Amy A underwent large conformational changes not observed in aqueous medium. Thus, 60 °C was set as the temperature limit to carry out alcoholysis reactions. Higher DES contents at this temperature had a detrimental but differential effect on hydrolysis and alcoholysis reactions, thus increasing the alcoholyisis/hydrolysis ratio. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the effect of DES and temperature on an enzyme in which structural studies made it possible to establish the temperature limit for a thermostable enzyme in DES.
Is the 'Hierarchy of Effects' View of Advertising Evident Amongst Perth Advertising Agencies?

Hierarchy of effects models have underpinned the advertising industry for over 100 years. These models are based on an underlying pattern of cognition => affect=> behaviour, in other words: think=> feel=> do, and suggest that consumers process advertising in a linear fashion, in stages. Recently, however, hierarchy of effects models have begun to be questioned by some authors who claim that there is no actual evidence that advertising is processed by consumers according to a hierarchy of effects. If this is the case, the advertising industry will need to seriously rethink the basis upon which many, if not all, campaigns are constructed. The purpose of this project is to examine to what degree do Perth advertising professionals believe and use hierarchy of effects models and how prepared they are to consider an alternative view of how advertising works. E-mail surveys were sent to approximately five advertising professionals from the top five Perth advertising agencies, 24 people in total, to gain raw data concerning issues surrounding hierarchy of effects models. The research project will add significantly to the debate surrounding the validity hierarchy of effects models as the views of advertising professionals relating to this issue have not been considered and studied in depth.
Advanced Education and Entrepreneurship: Mediating Role of Information & Communication and Personal Freedom

The debate on entrepreneurship ecosystem is consistently grabbing the attention of scholars. This research study investigates the relationship of access to advanced education, access to information & communication and personal freedom & choice with entrepreneurship. Furthermore, this study explores the impact of access to advanced education, access to information & communication and personal freedom & choice on entrepreneurship using data of Social Progress Index and Entrepreneurship Index for 2016. Serial mediation model was applied on index score of 114 countries’ to predict the impact of advanced education on entrepreneurship index, using information and communication as mediator and personal freedom as second mediator. The results of serial mediation confirm that advanced education predicts significant variance in entrepreneurship whereas the mediated path of advanced education through information and communication and personal freedom further boosts the variance. Results also confirm the role of educational institutions in shaping the entrepreneurial attitudes among individuals while ensuring better access to information communication technologies and creating awareness about personal freedom.
Appendix Anonymous EMNLP-IJCNLP submission A Details in Posterior Regularization

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RIVER VALLEYS AS THE OBJECT OF ECOLOGICAL AND GEOBOTANICAL RESEARCH

The biosphere depends on the water regime which determines distribution of ecosystems and their diversity. Rivers play important role and the way they function depends on many factors such as climate, topography, geological structure, water resources, vegetation, etc. On the other hand, rivers are difficult paragenetic systems which affect the nature of topography, landscape, soil, and biotic components of the ecosystems. These functions of the river are defined by paragenetic structure of the river valley that is formed by a complex interaction of zonal-regional location, climate impact, watercourse power, altitude, exposure and slope of the banks, geological structure, landscape structure, riverbed nature, presence of terraces, degree of floodplain inundation, vegetation, hydrological regime, etc. The movement of physical, chemical, and biotic components of the energy flows occurs both in a horizontal direction, from the source of the river to its mouth, and vertically, from the plain to the channel. River valleys are the subject of study in many disciplines such as geography, landscape ecology, and geobotany. Ranking of the configuration of river basins reflects particular features of their organization. The lower rank rivers are known to be more sensitive to seasonal climate change as well as other phenomena and appear to be more uniform than rivers of higher levels. In the basins of lower rank rivers, the volume of flow depends on afforestation areas, waterlogging, soil cover, and rainfall, whereas in the basins of higher rank ones these dependencies entirely disappear and are not present within the levels 6 and 7 (Hrodzynskyi, 2005). In addition to zonal-regional characteristics, river valleys also vary from the source to the mouth and are divided into the upper, middle and lower reaches, each with its own characteristics. http://dx.doi. org/10.15407/ukrbotj72.05. 415
Unsupervised Structural Learning of Word Topics and Sentence Topics

This study presents an unsupervised feature learning algorithm to explore the hierarchies of latent topics of words and sentences with infinite branches and layers. The Bayesian nonparametric approach to this algorithm is developed through a hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP) compound nested Chinese restaurant process (nCRP). The topics of the sentences in a document are first drawn by multiple tree paths via nCRP. The topics of the words within a sentence are then drawn by an HDP. The topic mixture models of sentences and words are jointly constructed for document representation. The hierarchical clustering of sentences is achieved through a random tree model ranging from global topics to specific topics. A new hierarchical stick-breaking process is proposed to draw topic proportions for nodes from multiple paths. The resulting hierarchical topic model (HTM) is capable of discovering unknown internal structures in layered data via unsupervised learning. Gibbs sampling algorithm is developed to infer structural parameters in word level as well as in sentence level. The evaluation is conducted for unsupervised learning of words, sentences and documents. The experimental results show the benefits of applying HTM for text modeling.
CORD: A Consolidated Receipt Dataset for Post-OCR Parsing

OCR is inevitably linked to NLP since its ﬁnal output is in text. Advances in document intelligence are driving the need for a uniﬁed technology that integrates OCR with various NLP tasks, especially semantic parsing. Since OCR and semantic parsing have been studied as separate tasks so far, the datasets for each task on their own are rich, while those for the integrated post-OCR parsing tasks are relatively insufﬁcient. In this study, we publish a consolidated dataset for receipt parsing as the ﬁrst step towards post-OCR parsing tasks. The dataset consists of thousands of Indonesian receipts, which contains images and box/text annotations for OCR, and multi-level semantic labels for parsing. The proposed dataset can be used to address various OCR and parsing tasks.
On the Positronium Continuum and 0.511 MeV Line in Solar Flares

We have studied the influence of the density of the annihilation region on the positronium continuum. A relation between the ratio 3gamma/2gamma and the density is explicitly given, with which one can derive directly from the observed 3gamma/2gamma the density where the annihilation occurs. A unique solution may be found from the observed width of the 0.511 MeV line. We applied the method to three flares observed by GRS/SMM. It is shown that due to the measuring uncertainties in the 0.511 MeV line width, we cannot distinguish a chromospheric source from a coronal source, though both accurately localized. To improve the measuring accuracy of the 0.511 MeV line and the ratio 3gamma/2gamma will be an important step for a better understanding of the annihilation process in solar flares.
Hazardous areas extension in explosive atmospheres caused by free gas jets

This paper regards the validation procedure of the Italian Guide CEI 31-35 formula, used to calculate the hazardous areas extensions in places where explosive gas atmospheres may be present. In industrial activity, a typical event which cause explosive atmosphere consists of damaging and leakage from unions, gaskets, valves of pipes and vessels. At this purpose, in this work it has been taken into account the accidental discharge of flammable gas into a quiescent atmosphere through an orifice. Validation has been performed by comparing calculated values with experimental data. Two gases have been taken into account: methane and hydrogen. Different scenarios have been analyzed, each one differing from the others in the gas release cross section and in the vessel pressure. Results show that the formula fits well not catastrophic industrial accident situations
IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics

A novel high step-up DC-DC converter for distributed generation (DG) system is proposed in this paper. The concept is composed of two capacitors, two diodes, and one coupled-inductor. Two capacitors are charged in parallel, and are discharged in series by the coupled-inductor. Thus, high step-up voltage gain can be achieved with an appropriate duty ratio. The voltage stresses on the main switch and output diode are reduced by a passive clamp circuit. Therefore, low resistance RDS(ON) for the main switch can be adopted to reduce conduction loss. In addition, the reverse-recovery problem of the diode is alleviated, and thus, the efficiency can be further improved. The operating principle and steady-state analyses of the voltage gain are also discussed in detail. Finally, a 24-V input voltage, 400-V output voltage, and 400-W output power prototype circuit of the proposed converter is implemented in the laboratory to verify the performance. Index Terms – High step-up, microgrid, DG system, coupled-inductor
Economic impact of climate change and benefit of adaptations for maize production: Case from Namibia, Zambezi region

The aim of this research is to examine the impact of climate change in maize farmers’ livelihood in Zambezi region, Namibia and benefit of adaptation. Trade-off analysis–multidimensional (TOA-MD) model was presented as a method for evaluation with a combination of simulated baseline production and future simulated yield using Decision Support Systems for Agro-technology Transfer (DSSAT) in maize production system, under five different climate scenarios of Global Circulation Models (GCMs). Even though the magnitude and the impact of different GCMs differs, the projections shows to have a negative economic impact with the highest going up to 76% and lowest to be around 46% loss without any adaption strategies in the Zambezi region. Adaptation strategies and some policy options were tested. The analysis suggests that the introduction of an irrigation system may be sufficient to offset the negative effects of climate change. Since various assumptions and uncertainties are associated with using the proposed approach and results should be interpreted with caution. Despite these limitations, the methodology presented in this study shows the potential to yield new insights into the way that realistic adaptation strategies could improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers. To safeguard the limited productive assets of rural Namibian’s, the study suggested policy aim to target pro-poor disaster management and other adoption mechanism is very important. Apart from protecting productive resources of the rural population, policy should target the diversification of the rural economic environment and strengthen rural-urban linkages. Key words: Climate change, trade-off analysis–multidimensional (TOA-MD), maize, Namibia, Zambezi.
Back to Basics: consumer-centric marketing or target-centric marketing

Objective: The paper discusses the effect of context on service relationships. Considering the customers’ point of view, we argue that customers may hold different proneness to establish a relationship with the provider depending on the specific service context. Different relationship proneness will, in turn, influence the more or less favorable behavior of the consumer in the relationship. As such, this paper aims to increase understanding of consumer relationship proneness and its role in different service settings. Methodology: Data were collected in two contexts, high and low contact services (health services and wholesales, respectively). Through a convenience sample of 516 consumers, we conducted a survey to examine differences in consumer proneness and behaviors in both contexts. Conclusion: Results revealed that consumer relationship proneness and behaviors vary significantly among the contexts studied. In the high contact service (healthcare services), customers exhibit higher relationship proneness and show more favorable behaviors towards the relationship, when compared with the low contact service (wholesales). It was also found that the majority of consumer behaviors are, in both contexts, correlated with relationship proneness. Implications: This research aims to fill an existing gap in the RM literature by taking consumer relationship proneness into consideration. Additionally, the effect of service types has not yet been fully explored, particularly in the customer relationship field. In managerial terms, the results of this study provide guidance to managers to differentiate customer relationship strategies according to the specific service context that they operate in.