Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Workplace safety regulations and worker well-being: the impact of mandatory helmet use on career length in the national hockey league

ABSTRACT The long-term health problems resulting from professional careers in contact sports such as hockey and football have recently received lots of attention. The lawsuits initiated by NFL- and NHL-veterans suffering from repetitive concussions of the brain that eventually lead to chronic traumatic encephalopathy are two particularly prominent examples. The question, whether these long-term health problems could have been avoided, remains a highly contested issue. Using detailed career information on every single player drafted in the ten seasons before (1969 thru 1978) and the ten seasons after (1979 thru 1988) the implementation of mandatory helmets, we find that career length in professional hockey has increased by about two years, suggesting that adequate protective equipment contributes to player health and fitness. This positive effect, however, is somewhat reduced by specific forms of ‘offsetting behaviour’.
Accurate Simulation of the Four Modes of Post-Die Extrudate Shape Distortion

Abstract A combined flow, thermal and structural analysis is employed to simulate post-die extrudate distortion in different profile dies. All four factors which can cause extrudate distortion, namely, nonuniform exit velocity distribution, extrudate shrinkage, extrudate draw down, and deformed shape of the calibrator or sizer profile, are simulated. To analyze the effect of exit velocity variation on extrudate distortion, the parameterized geometry of a simple profile die is optimized using an extrusion die optimization software. The simulation results presented for a bi-layer profile die successfully demonstrate how gradually changing profile shape in successive calibrators/sizers can be used to simplify the die design for extrusion of complex profiles. The predicted extrudate shape and layer structure for the bi-layer die are found to accurately match with those in the extruded product.
Effect of Hydrocolloids on the Dehydration Kinetics, Color, and Texture of Mango Leather

Abstract Tray drying of mango pulp was carried out to prepare mango leather and the dehydration behavior was studied. Different hydrocolloids like guar gum, pectin, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum acacia, pectin, and sodium alginate were also added to the mango pulp at levels of 1, 2, and 3% w/w to determine their effects on drying rate, moisture ratio, color, and equilibrium relative humidity. Texture of mango leather was studied using tensile deformation. Hydrocolloids lowered the drying rate of mango leather but only during the initial 2 h of drying. Mango leather had an extensibility, peak force to rupture, deformation modulus and energy to rupture of 14.54 mm, 0.0036 kN, 0.2285 MPa, and 0.0369 J respectively. Hydrocolloids increased the extensibility and energy to rupture of mango leather. Yellowness and redness of samples was lowered but lightness of mango leather was not significantly affected by hydrocolloid addition. The equilibrium relative humidity of mango leather increased with increasing hydroc.
Uncertainty of modelled bioenergy with carbon capture and storage due to variability of input data

Uncertainty is inherent in modelled projections of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), yet sometimes treated peripherally. One source of uncertainty comes from different climate and soil inputs. We investigated variations in 70‐year UK projections of Miscanthus × giganteus (M × g), BECCS and environmental impacts with input data. We used cohort datasets of UKCP18 RCP8.5 climate projections and Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD) soil sequences, as inputs to the MiscanFor bioenergy model. Low annual yield occurred 1 in 10 years as a UK‐average but yield uncertainty varied regionally, especially south and east England. BECCS projections were similar among cohorts, with variation resulting from climate cohorts of the same database ensemble (3.99 ± 0.14 t C ha−1 year−1) larger than uncertainty resulting from soil sequences in each grid block (3.96 ± 0.03 t C ha−1 year−1). This is supported by annual time series, displaying variable annual climate and a close yield–BECCS–climate relationship but partial correspondence of yield and BECCS with maximal soil variability. Each HWSD soil grid square contains up to 10 ranked soil types. Predominant soil commonly has over 50% coverage, indicating why BECCS from combined soil sequences were not significantly different from BECCS using the dominant soil type. Mean BECCS from the full climate ensemble combined with the full soil sequences, over the current area of cropping limits in England and Wales, is 3.98 ± 0.14 t C ha−1 year−1. The bioenergy crop has a mean seasonal soil water deficit of 65.79 ± 4.27 mm and associated soil carbon gain of 0.22 ± 0.03 t C ha−1 year−1, with bioenergy feedstock calculated at 131 GJ t−1 y−1. The uncertainty is specific to the input datasets and model used. The message of this study is to ensure that uncertainty is accounted for when interpreting modelled projections of land use impacts.
Peer Relatedness, School Satisfaction, and Life Satisfaction in Early Adolescence: A Non-recursive Model

Cumulative evidence suggests that, for children and adolescents, peer relatedness is an essential component of their overall sense of belonging, and correlates with subjective well-being and school-based well-being. However, it remains unclear what the underlying mechanism explaining these relationships is. Therefore, this study examines whether there is a reciprocal effect between school satisfaction and overall life satisfaction (Hypothesis 1), and whether the effect of peer relatedness on life satisfaction is mediated by school satisfaction (Hypothesis 2). A non-recursive model with instrumental variables was tested with econometric and structural equation modeling methodologies, using a cross-sectional sample of n = 5,619 Chilean early adolescents (49.2% girls), aged 10, 11, and 12 (46.13, 44.99, and 8.88% respectively). Results were highly consistent across methods and supported the hypotheses. First, the findings confirmed a significant reciprocal influence between school satisfaction and overall life satisfaction, with a greater impact from school to life satisfaction. Second, the effect of peer relatedness on overall life satisfaction was fully mediated by school satisfaction. The study further suggests the importance of considering reciprocal effects among domain-specific satisfaction and overall life satisfaction and illustrates the application of non-recursive models for this purpose.
Protein and Signaling Pathway Responses to rhIL-6 Intervention Before Lobaplatin Treatment in Osteosarcoma Cells

Lobaplatin is a third-generation platinum-based antineoplastic agent and is widely used for osteosarcoma treatment before and after tumor removal. However, treatment failure often results from lobaplatin drug resistance. In our study, we found that SaOS-2 and SOSP-9607 osteosarcoma cells became less sensitive to lobaplatin after treatment with exogenous interleukin (IL)-6. Quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism in SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells. Cells were divided into a control group (CG), a lobaplatin treatment group (LG), a recombinant human IL-6 (rhIL-6), and a lobaplatin treatment group (rhILG). We performed three biological replicates in each group to compare the differential protein expression between groups using a tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling technology based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 1,313 proteins with significant differential expression was identified and quantified. The general characteristics of the significantly enriched proteins were identified by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis was conducted using IntAct and STRING. In total, 31 proteins were further verified by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), among which ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1), fragile X mental retardation syndrome-related protein 1 (hFXR1p), and far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1) were significantly differentially expressed. Immunohistochemistry results showed that these three proteins are highly expressed in specimens from platinum-resistant osteosarcoma patients, while the proteins are negatively or weakly expressed in specimens from platinum-sensitive osteosarcoma patients. The immunofluorescence staining results were in accord with the immunohistochemistry staining results. siRNA knockdown of FUBP1 showed a strikingly decreased IC50 value for lobaplatin in FUBP1-silenced cells, which verified the role of FUBP1 in the drug susceptibility of osteosarcoma and the potential therapeutic value for increasing the sensitivity to lobaplatin. This is the first proteomic study on a rhIL-6 intervention before lobaplatin treatment in osteosarcoma cells.
The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Physicians’ Performance in China: A Cross-Level Mediation Model

Transformational leadership has been becoming increasingly vital to the provision of high-quality health care, particularly during major public health emergencies. The present study aims to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on physicians’ performance and explore the cross-level underlying mechanisms with achievement motivations and coping styles among Chinese physicians. During 2017–2019, 1,527 physicians of 101 departments were recruited from six hospitals in China with a cluster random sampling method. Participants completed several questionnaires regarding their job performance, achievement motivations, coping styles, and transformational leadership. Multilevel mediation effects were tested using cross-level path analysis. The result of this study indicated that transformational leadership was applied well in Chinese medical settings with a score of 101.56 ± 6.42. The hierarchical linear model showed that transformational leadership had a cross-level direct positive effect on physicians’ performance (β = 1.524, p < 0.05). Furthermore, results of cross-level path analyses revealed that transformational leadership contributed to physicians’ performance by sequentially influencing achievement motivations first and then coping styles. In addition, the path “transformational leadership → positive coping (PC) style → physicians’ performance” showed the strongest cross-level indirect effect. In summary, public health leaders should enhance physicians’ performance by promoting individual development, especially achievement motivation and PC style.
Constrained-equilibrium calculations for chemical systems subject to generalized linear constraints using the NASA and STANJAN equilibrium programs

Fast efficient numerical programs for determining the equilibrium composition of large chemical systems subject to generalized linear constraints are needed for chemical kinetic calculations involving both the conventional local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and the more general rate-controlled constrained-equilibrium RCCE assumptions. For this purpose two callable subroutines based on the well known NASA and STANJAN equilibrium codes have been developed by a simple modification of their input files. To evaluate the performance of these subroutines, test calculations have been made for the hydrogen - oxygen (H - O) and carbon - hydrogen - oxygen - nitrogen (C - H - O - N) systems with various combinations of constraints on the elements, the total moles and the free valence (number of unpaired electrons) in the system. The allowed domain of the constraints was determined and both interior and boundary points were investigated for several temperature and pressure conditions. The results showed that STANJA.
Identification and Analysis of Potential Key Genes Associated With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Integrated Bioinformatics Methods

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of primary liver tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality, and its molecular mechanism remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to use bioinformatics technology to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HCC pathogenesis, hoping to identify novel biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for HCC research. Methods The bioinformatics analysis of our research mostly involved the following two datasets: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). First, we screened DEGs based on the R packages (limma and edgeR). Using the DAVID database, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of DEGs were carried out. Next, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was built in the STRING database. Then, hub genes were screened through the cytoHubba plug-in, followed by verification using the GEPIA and Oncomine databases. We demonstrated differences in levels of the protein in hub genes using the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Finally, the hub genes prognostic values were analyzed by the GEPIA database. Additionally, using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), we constructed the drug-gene interaction network. Results We ended up with 763 DEGs, including 247 upregulated and 516 downregulated DEGs, that were mainly enriched in the epoxygenase P450 pathway, oxidation-reduction process, and metabolism-related pathways. Through the constructed PPI network, it can be concluded that the P53 signaling pathway and the cell cycle are the most obvious in module analysis. From the PPI, we filtered out eight hub genes, and these genes were significantly upregulated in HCC samples, findings consistent with the expression validation results. Additionally, survival analysis showed that high level gene expression of CDC20, CDK1, MAD2L1, BUB1, BUB1B, CCNB1, and CCNA2 were connected with the poor overall survival of HCC patients. Toxicogenomics analysis showed that only topotecan, oxaliplatin, and azathioprine could reduce the gene expression levels of all seven hub genes. Conclusion The present study screened out the key genes and pathways that were related to HCC pathogenesis, which could provide new insight for the future molecularly targeted therapy and prognosis evaluation of HCC.
Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 Agonist Regulates Intestinal Inflammation via Cd177+ Neutrophils

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) signaling is expressed on neutrophils and monocytes that is necessary for the successful antimicrobial response and resolution of inflammation in the gut. In this study, we determined the effect of an anti-TREM-1 agonistic antibody (α-TREM-1) on colitis and identify its underlying mechanism of action. Administration of α-TREM-1 alleviated colitis in mice and resolved dysbiosis, which required TLR4/Myd88 signaling. α-TREM-1 increased the production of neutrophil extracellular traps and interleukin-22 by CD177+ neutrophils, which led to pathogen clearance and protection of the intestinal barrier. TREM-1 activation using an α-TREM-1 antibody protects against colitis by rebalancing the microbiota and protecting the epithelium against the immune response as well as modulates the function of neutrophils and macrophages. These results highlight the importance of the TREM-1 pathway in intestinal homeostasis and suggest that α-TREM-1 treatment may be an effective therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel disease.
The Relationship Between the Contact Force at the Ankle Hook and the Hamstring Muscle Force During the Nordic Hamstring Exercise

A novel device has been developed to assess eccentric hamstring strength during the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) by measuring the contact force at the ankle hook (brace). The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the force measured at the ankle hook and the hamstring force estimated by a low extremity model. Thirteen male college sprinters were recruited to perform NHE on an instrumented device Nordbord (Vald Performance, Australia). Contact forces were measured at a sampling rate of 50 Hz at the hooks using the uniaxial load cells. 3D kinematics were measured simultaneously at a sampling rate of 200 Hz using a 16-camera motion analysis system (Vicon Motion Analysis, Oxford, United Kingdom) during the NHE. The data were processed with Visual 3D (C-Motion, Germantown, MD, United States) and OpenSim (NCSRR, Stanford, CA, United States) to calculate the knee joint center’s coordinates and hamstring moment arms during NHE. A static low extremity model was built to estimate the hamstring force during NHE. We have observed a significant but not very high correlation (r2 = 0.58) between peak hamstring force and the peak contact force at the ankle hook. The peak contact force measured at the ankle hook can only explain a little more than half of the variations in peak hamstring muscle forces during NHE. Caution must be exercised when assessing the eccentric hamstring strength using the ankle contact force during NHE.
Macronutrient Accumulation in Coffee Fruits at Brazilian Zona Da Mata Conditions

ABSTRACT Macronutrient accumulation in fruits and concentrations of these nutrients in leaves of fruit-bearing branches of arabica coffee were studied between anthesis and maturation. The experiment was carried out in a 2.0 × 1.0 m spacing of an arabica coffee orchard, collecting fruits and leaves of 18 randomized parcels at 12 sampling times, using a split-plot design. The largest accumulation rates of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) were observed at the rapid expansion fruit stage, among 79 to 85 DAA (Days after the anthesis). Compared to the other nutrients, Ca and Mg accumulation occurred quickly in the 1st suspended growth stadium.
Heat Shock Protein HSP24 Is Involved in the BABA-Induced Resistance to Fungal Pathogen in Postharvest Grapes Underlying an NPR1-Dependent Manner

Although heat shock proteins (HSPs), a family of ubiquitous molecular chaperones, are well characterized in heat stress-related responses, their function in plant defense remains largely unclear. Here, we report the role of VvHSP24, a class B HSP from Vitis vinifera, in β-aminobutyric acid (BABA)-induced priming defense against the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea in grapes. Grapes treated with 10 mmol L–1 BABA exhibited transiently increased transcript levels of VvNPR1 and several SA-inducible genes, including PR1, PR2, and PR5. Additionally, phytoalexins accumulated upon inoculation with the gray mold fungus B. cinerea, which coincided with the action of a priming mode implicated in pathogen-driven resistance. Intriguingly, electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA), yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and His pull-down assays demonstrated that the nuclear chaperone VvHSP24 cannot modulate the transcript of PR genes but does directly interact with VvNPR1 in vivo or in vitro. Furthermore, we found that VvHSP24 overexpression enhanced the transcript levels of NPR1 and SA-responsive genes (PR1, PR2, and PR5) and increased the resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana to B. cinerea compared with wildtype Col-0. An opposite trend between CRISPR mutants of AtHSFB1 (the orthologous gene of VvHSP24 in Arabidopsis) and wildtype plants was observed. Hence, our results suggest that VvHSP24 has a potential role in NPR1-dependent plant resistance to fungal pathogen. BABA-induced priming defense in grapes may require posttranslational modification of the chaperone VvHSP24 to activate VvNPR1 transcript, leading to PR gene expressions and resistance phenotypes.
Modulated Start-Up Mode of Cancer Cell Migration Through Spinophilin-Tubular Networks

Spinophilin (SPL) is a multifunctional actin-binding scaffolding protein. Although increased research on SPL in cancer biology has revealed a tumor suppressive role, its modulation in cancer biology, and oncological relevance remains elusive. Thus, we determined the role of SPL in the modulation of the junctional network and cellular migration in A549 lung cancer cell line. Knockdown of SPL promoted cancer cell invasion in agarose spot and scratch wound assays. Attenuation of SPL expression also enhanced invadopodia, as revealed by enhanced vinculin spots, and enhanced sodium bicarbonate cotransporter NBC activity without enhancing membranous expression of NBCn1. Disruption of the tubular structure with nocodazole treatment revealed enhanced SPL expression and reduced NBC activity and A549 migration. SPL-mediated junctional modulation and tubular stability affected bicarbonate transporter activity in A549 cells. The junctional modulatory function of SPL in start-up migration, such as remodeling of tight junctions, enhanced invadopodia, and increased NBC activity, revealed here would support fundamental research and the development of an initial target against lung cancer cell migration.
Current Advanced Therapies Based on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Skin Diseases

Skin disease may be related with immunological disorders, external aggressions, or genetic conditions. Injuries or cutaneous diseases such as wounds, burns, psoriasis, and scleroderma among others are common pathologies in dermatology, and in some cases, conventional treatments are ineffective. In recent years, advanced therapies using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from different sources has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of many pathologies. Due to their properties; regenerative, immunomodulatory and differentiation capacities, they could be applied for the treatment of cutaneous diseases. In this review, a total of thirteen types of hMSCs used as advanced therapy have been analyzed, considering the last 5 years (2015–2020). The most investigated types were those isolated from umbilical cord blood (hUCB-MSCs), adipose tissue (hAT-MSCs) and bone marrow (hBM-MSCs). The most studied diseases were wounds and ulcers, burns and psoriasis. At preclinical level, in vivo studies with mice and rats were the main animal models used, and a wide range of types of hMSCs were used. Clinical studies analyzed revealed that cell therapy by intravenous administration was the advanced therapy preferred except in the case of wounds and burns where tissue engineering was also reported. Although in most of the clinical trials reviewed results have not been posted yet, safety was high and only local slight adverse events (mild nausea or abdominal pain) were reported. In terms of effectiveness, it was difficult to compare the results due to the different doses administered and variables measured, but in general, percentage of wound’s size reduction was higher than 80% in wounds, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and Severity Scoring for Atopic Dermatitis were significantly reduced, for scleroderma, parameters such as Modified Rodnan skin score (MRSC) or European Scleroderma Study Group activity index reported an improvement of the disease and for hypertrophic scars, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score was decreased after applying these therapies. On balance, hMSCs used for the treatment of cutaneous diseases is a promising strategy, however, the different experimental designs and endpoints stablished in each study, makes necessary more research to find the best way to treat each patient and disease.