Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategi för utveckling av en samhällsekonomisk analysmodell för drift, underhåll och reinvestering av väg- och järnvägsinfrastruktur

The ability to make structured decisions about the optimal funding for operation, maintenance and renewal of roads and railways is currently limited. This creates significant risks that the funds are used in an inefficient manner. It is therefore important that the Swedish Transport Administration develops a transparent model for decision support in this field. VTI has undertaken a review of the state of knowledge in various areas required to bring about an economic analysis of operation, maintenance and renewal. The review shows that there are good prospects to produce a decision basis within a relatively short time. This makes it possible to answer at least some of the issues formulated. The review indicates that there are great opportunities to move forward both in road and railway areas. Five specific projects have been suggested, of which three are short term and two are long term. The aim in the long run is to make transparent and structured decisions on funding needed from an economic perspective on various road and railway sections.
Simulation and Evaluation of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs)

Abstract : Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs) are of much interest to both the research community and the military because of the potential to establish a communication network in any situation that involves emergencies. Examples are search-and-rescue operations, military deployment in hostile environment, and several types of police operations. One critical open issue is how to route messages considering the characteristics of these networks. The nodes act as routers in an environment without a fixed infrastructure, the nodes are mobile, the wireless medium has its own limitations compared to wired networks, and existing routing protocols cannot be employed at least without modifications. Over the last few years, a number of routing protocols have been proposed and enhanced to solve routing in MANETs. It is not clear how those different protocols perform under different environments. One protocol may be the best in one network configuration but the worst in another. This thesis describes a study of those protocols that are best from a DoD perspective. These wireless mobile networks were simulated under different mobility and traffic scenarios to evaluate their performance. The results showed which protocols performed better under several relevant scenarios and exposed a number of design flaws.
Plan for the future with pollution prevention

Environmental regulations in the 1970s and 1980 were promulgated to rectify the historical pollution that contaminated the air, water, and soil. These regulations were implemented at great cost to society and industry, as illustrated by the billions of dollars that have been spent on environmental restoration. Regulatory initiatives in the 1990s, however, reflect a forward-thinking approach - to prevent future corrective actions through the initial avoidance of pollution. Avoidance or minimization of pollution at the source prior to release to the environment is the objective of these regulations. This article describes an approach that can help chemical process industries (CPI) firms take the first steps toward developing effective pollution prevention strategies using the information they are already required to collect and report.
Molecular and Bacteriological Study of Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Different Clinical Sources

Enterococci are Gram-positive bacteria that cause serious nosocomial infections, including urinary tract, bloodstream infections and endocarditis. During the period of September 2018 to February 2019, forty four isolates of E. faecalis were isolated from 826 clinical specimens including; 35(5.07%) isolates of E. faecalis from urine, 7(7.60%) isolates from high vaginal swab and 2(8.69%) isolates from blood patients in different hospitals. All isolates that described above were identified depending on cultural criteria, morphological criteria, biochemical tests and further confirmed by Vitek 2 compact systems. The results of eleven antimicrobial against obtained isolates revealed that 100% of E. faecalis were resistant to cefotaxime, vancomycin, amoxicillin and erythromycin. While, it were 100% sensitive to doxycycline, imipenem, and nitrofurantion. Whereas, most isolates were differ in their susceptibility to amikacin, gentamycin, tetracycline and azithromycin. On the other hand, the results of biofilm found that 13.63% of isolates were produce strong biofilm, 54.54% were produce moderate biofilm and 31.81% were produce weak biofilm. The results of molecular analysis by using PCR showed that isolated E. faecalis were carried 97.72%, 90.90%, 63.63% of ebpR , asa1, esp genes respectively.
Managing clones using dynamic change tracking and resolution: helping developers to cope with changing clone fragments

By many, code cloning is nowadays recognized as a threat to the maintainability of source code. Many clone detection strategies have been proposed and a considerable number of removal strategies, mostly based on refactoring techniques, has been shown. However, recent research has showed that clones can often not be removed easily and other strategies, based on clone management need to be developed. In this thesis, a clone management strategy based on dynamic inferring of clone relations based on monitored clipboard activity is described. A tool is introduced that is able to track live changes to clones and offers several resolution strategies for inconsistently modified clones. The adequacy, usability and effectiveness of this Eclipse plug-in have been studied in an experiment, the results of which show that developers actually do see the added value of such a tool but have very strict requirements with respect to its usability.
Towards Citizen-Centered Local e-Government - The Case of the City of Tampere

This case study describes how e-government activities began and developed in the City of Tampere, a middle-sized local authority. The emphasis is on how the city government applied a citizen-centered approach, visible in the provision of access to the Internet for all, and in facilitating the communication and interaction processes between the city and citizens.
Trends and patterns in ASIC and FPGA use in space missions and impact in technology roadmaps of the European Space Agency

ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) and FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) are the two most complex and versatile integrated circuit technologies used nowadays in space missions. They are key technologies and perform the core of the avionics control and data processing of every satellite and spacecraft. Quantities used of ASIC and FPGA in space missions have been increasing significantly in the last years. Some of the fundamental differences between ASIC and FPGA are the development costs and the reprogrammability features, while in both cases there is a lengthy and costly customer design process behind. This research attempts to quantify the use of ASIC and FPGA technologies in space missions in the last years, to show the patterns and trends of use and to assess how these conclusions match the priorities established in the present technology roadmaps of the European Space Agency. The results of this study will be used as valuable inputs for future strategic and investment decisions of the European Space Agency and the European space community actors. Keywords: ASIC, FPGA, European Space Agency, space missions, technology roadmaps.
The scope of municipal energy plans in a Swedish region : A review of energy and environmental issues in the plans

Swedish legislation requires municipalities to produce an energy plan. Each municipal government is required to prepare and maintain a plan for the supply, distribution, and use of energy. Legislation also requires an assessment of the environmental impacts of any activities before implementation. Whether municipal energy plans have contributed to or preferably controlled the development of local energy systems has been a subject for debate. In the research project "Strategic Environmental Assessment of Local Energy Systems", financed by the Swedish Energy Agency, the municipal energy plan as a tool for developing local energy systems is studied. In this study, twelve municipal energy plans from Ostergotland County in southern Sweden have been analysed. Different kinds of municipalities are represented in this county. The analysis has been based on a number of questions in different categories assessing energy system characteristics, environmental impact assessment and aims, the planning process, and goals for the plans. This report reviews the contents of all the energy plans in this first study.
Interfacing Microfluidic Bioanalysis with High Sensitivity Mass Spectrometry

Title of Document: Interfacing Microfluidic Bioanalysis with High Sensitivity Mass Spectrometry Chia-Wen Tsao, Ph.D, 2008 Directed By: Professor Don L. DeVoe, Department of Mechanical Engineering Mass spectrometry (MS) provides quantified information to identify unknown atom and molecules which has become a widely used analytical technique in bioanalysis field. Polymer-based microfluidics device provides benefits of low fabrication cost, fast analysis time and less sample consumption for biological sample process and separation prior to MS analysis. In this dissertation, a table-size, computer-controlled robotic spotting system was developed to couple polymer microfluidics with mass spectrometry as an automatic and high throughput interfacing method. To accomplish this goal, three major subjects, polymer microfabrication, high sensitivity MS target substrate and polymer microfluidics / mass spectrometry interfacing were further evaluated and developed. First, polymer microfabrication techniques such as hot embossing and polymer bonding were discussed. Among those, a novel bonding technique of using UV/Ozone surface treatments for achieving low temperature bonds between poly(methyl methacrylte) (PMMA) and cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) microfluidic substrates is demonstrated. Second, a novel high sensitivity silicon-based matrixfree LDI-MS target substrate, nanofilament silicon (nSi) surfaces, was demonstrated in this dissertation. With electrowetting on nSi surfaces, it is demonstrated as a novel approach for preparing nSi based LDI-MS targets for the analysis of complex peptide samples. Finally, off-line integration of multiplexed polymer microfluidic interfacing with mass spectrometry by direct and automated spotting of peptide sample from multiplexed polymer microfluidic chip is demonstrated as a simple and robust method with uniform spotting volume and MS signal. This automatic contact spotting system is further demonstrated coupling with on-chip peptide reverse phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) separation with nSi surface as a novel microfluidics/ off-line mass spectrometry analysis. INTERFACING MICROFLUIDIC BIOANALYSIS WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY MASS SPECTROMETRY
Energetic, structural and dynamic evaluation of HIV-1 proteases

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), remains a topic of global concern even though great strides have been made to combat the virus. The high replicative rate of the virus and recombination of the variety of viral strains complicate the treatment of AIDS. There has been an increasing prevalence of African HIV strains in the Americas and Europe. The viral protease (PR) is vital for the propagation of the virus; and thus, is a major target in antiviral therapy. The HIV-1 PR enzyme from the subtype C strain; which predominates in subSaharan Africa, has been greatly under-investigated in comparison to the protease from the subtype B strain which predominates in North America and Europe. Enzyme activity data which were part of this work suggested that the South African HIV-1 subtype C protease (CSA PR) displays improved substrate turnover in comparison to the subtype B PR. Thermodynamics and inhibition kinetics of drug binding showed that the C-SA PR is less susceptible to certain clinically-used protease inhibitors when compared to the subtype B PR. A crystal structure of the C-SA PR was solved and showed no difference to the global structure of the subtype B PR. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the C-SA PR exhibits a wider range of open conformations. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) was performed to elucidate the mechanism of reduced drug susceptibility displayed by the C-SA PR. HDX-MS data provided insights into the basis of the increased preference for open conformers displayed by the C-SA PR and the stability of the terminal dimer interface which is a target in protease inhibition.
The Business Of Soccer

Studio annuale del 2005 della rivista statunitense di economia e finanza "Forbes" sul business del calcio. Oltre ad un'analisi generale di sistema , lo studio analizza in modo approfondito anche i 20 top team mondiali, attraverso l'utilizzo dei seguenti indicatori: fatturato, risultato operativo, valore complessivo della societa e livello di indebitamento.
STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF CONTROLLING THE LENGTH SCALE OF THE PHASE SEPARATION OF ORGANIC MOLECULAR MIXTURES ON Si(111) SUBSTRATES

Title of Document: STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF CONTROLLING THE LENGTH SCALE OF THE PHASE SEPARATION OF ORGANIC MOLECULAR MIXTURES ON Si(111) SUBSTRATES Miriam Cezza, Doctor of Philosophy, 2014 Directed By: Professor Raymond J. Phaneuf, Department of Materials Science and Engineering We present investigations on the arrangements of phase separating small organic molecules in mixtures subsequent to deposition from liquid solution. This phenomenon may have technological applications in efficient organic solar cells. The spontaneous formation of a morphology during phase separation from a solvent-based, bimolecular solution onto a substrate depends on several parameters, including relative molecular concentrations, individual molecules/solvent/substrate interactions, solvent evaporation rate, and annealing conditions. Our molecular mixtures consist of tetranitro zincphthalocyanine (tn-ZnPc) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in chloroform, deposited on native oxide-covered Si(111) substrates. We investigate the role that solvent evaporation rate during deposition, solvent vapor annealing (SVA) and thermal annealing play on the morphology formation of molecular domains. We find that slow enough rates of solvent evaporation, along with SVA action, lead to ordered PCBM structures. Most of tn-ZnPc molecules aggregate in rod-shaped clusters of size ~ 100 nm while in liquid solution, even at diluted concentrations, but some remain solvated, and form a wetting layer on the Si(111) surfaces, affecting the morphology of PCBM deposited through mixture solutions. We find that PCBM aggregates vertically diffuse upon heating in spin-coated samples, while tn-ZnPc clusters and wetting layer are not affected. Investigations of different relative concentrations of individual molecules in mixtures show that the concentration of tn-ZnPc strongly affects the crystallization process of PCBM: for a 1:1 ratio PCBM crystallization is suppressed, while changing the amount of tn-ZnPc, PCBM crystals form. While PCBM domains display several different morphologies, tn-ZnPc cluster morphology is not affected by changes in the deposition conditions or by post-deposition treatments. Overall we find that, under the conditions studied here, PCBM molecules undergo heterogeneous nucleation at the substrate, while tn-ZnPc molecules predominantly precipitate. This combination of donor/acceptor molecules deposited through the methods described here, show a slight tendency toward vertical growth of molecular domains for deposition onto a periodic array of cavities patterned onto a substrate. No significant effects are observed in presence of H-terminated surfaces. Finally, our studies on evaporation of resting droplets shed light on individual molecules/solvent interactions, leading to a better understanding of the variation in domain coverages across the substrate. STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF CONTROLLING THE LENGTH SCALE OF THE PHASE SEPARATION OF ORGANIC MOLECULAR MIXTURES ON Si(111) SUBSTRATES
Design of 10 Bit ADC of SAR Type to Increase the Accuracy for Biomedical Applications

In this paper a low power consuming 10 bit SAR ADC which is suitable for Biomedical applications is presented. It was designed with 180nm technology using cadence tool. SAR ADC is made of dynamic comparator, sample and hold circuit, SAR logic, and DAC block. The designed circuit works on a supply voltage of 1V. The proposed SAR design, with the use of dynamic comparator circuit will help to reduce power and even at the same time with the use of binary weighted CDAC also provides low power dissipation. In order to decide the next significant bit by the knowledge of previous bits the successive approximation algorithm runs over several clock cycles for analog to digital conversion. Power usage and complexity of the circuit is minimized by low conversion rate i.e permitting one clock for each bit in the proposed method.
Prediction of Success in Automatic Data Processing Programming Course.

Abstract : The present study was undertaken, at request of the Signal School, Fort Monmouth, to improve sel ection of enlisted students in the Automatic Data Processing (Fieldata) Programming course.tthree Army Classification Battery composites- thecurrent (1962) Clerical Aptitude Area, the previous operational composite, and the General Technical Aptitude Area, a logical alternate were evaluated for effecevveness as selectors for the course. The IBM Programmers Aptitude Test, an instrument used at the Signal Sooool for selecting programmer trainees, was also included in the analysis. Calidity was assessed against final course grades. While the Pro grammers test had the most substantial validity ( r equals .67) of any single measure in the study, the General Technical (GT) Aptitude Area proved the most effective test combination (r equals .61) for selection to the ADPS Pro gramming course. Results supported a change in the aptitude area of selection t the ADPS course from CL to GT with a cutting score of 110.
Macrocognition Metrics and Scenarios

"Macrocognition Metrics and Scenarios: Design and Evaluation for Real-World Teams" translates advances by scientific leaders in the relatively new area of macrocognition into a format that will support immediate use by members of the software testing and evaluation community for large-scale systems as well as trainers of real-world teams. Macrocognition is defined as how activity in real-world teams is adapted to the complex demands of a setting with high consequences for failure. The primary distinction between macrocognition and prior research is that the primary unit for measurement is a real-world team coordinating their activity, rather than individuals processing information, the predominant model for cognition for decades. This book provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of macrocognition, describes a set of exciting new macrocognitive metrics, and provides guidance on using the metrics in the context of different approaches to evaluation and measurement of real-world teams.
LECTURE NOTES ON UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS

Abstract : This report consists of a set of lecture notes for a course in underwater acoustics, given at the U. S. Naval Air Development Center. The course is based to a considerable extent upon J. W. Horton's book, 'Fundamentals of Sonar,' and covers the following topics: physical properties of acoustic waves in water, relative magnitudes and transmission loss, propagation, transducers, indicators and recorders, detection of signals, echo-ranging, and a brief discussion of signal processing for active sonars.
The Relationship Between Personality Types and Occupational Stress of Teachers in Selected Private Higher Education Institutions of Addis Ababa

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between personality types and occupational stress of teachers in private higher education institutions of Addis Ababa. The study employed correlational research design and the lottery method was used to select 154 participants. Two instruments were used which were Big Five Inventory (BFI) and Teachers Occupational Stress Scale (TOSS). To analyze the collected data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. The findings of the study revealed that 30.3% of the teachers experienced a low level of stress, 42.8% experienced moderate levels of stress, and 26.9% experienced high levels of occupational stress. Female teachers score significantly higher occupational stress (M=57.74, SD=11.24) as compared to the males (M=47.76, SD= 5.24) and the t-test yielded a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of male and female teachers on the overall occupational stress scale (t=-4.491, df=143, P=.000, α =0.05). The result also indicated that there is a significant negative correlation between occupational stress and conscientiousness (r=-0.442, p<0.05), agreeableness and occupational stress (r=-0.371, p<0.05), and extraversion and occupational stress (r=-0.347, p<0.05). However, there is no statistically significant relationship between openness and occupational stress of teachers (r=-0.002, p>0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between neuroticism and the occupational stress of teachers (r=0.211, p<0.05). Moreover, the results revealed that personality has a statistically significant negative link with occupational stress (r=-0.338, p<0.05).
Ultra-High Temperature Creep of Ni-Based SX Superalloys at 1250 °C

Very high temperature creep properties of twelve different Ni-based single crystal superalloys have been investigated at 1250 °C and under different initial applied stresses. The creep strength at this temperature is mainly controlled by the remaining γ′ volume fraction. Other parameters such as the γ′ precipitate after microstructure evolution and the γ/γ′ lattice parameter mismatch seem to affect the creep strength to a lesser degree in these conditions. The Norton Law creep exponent lies in the range 6–9 for most of the alloys studied, suggesting that dislocation glide and climb are the rate limiting deformation mechanisms. Damage mechanisms in these extreme conditions comprise creep strain accumulation leading to pronounced necking and to recrystallization in the most severely deformed sections of the specimens.