Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Habitat Effect on the Essential Oils, Phenolics and Flavonoids of the Medicinal Weed Apium graveolens L.

The present study aims to determine the relationship between soil chemical characteristics and the yield, qualitative and quantitative composition of the essential oils, as well as, phenolic and flavonoid content of the Apium graveolens L. ( Apiaceae ) aerial parts and fruits. Field study indicated that Apium graveolens L. is widely distributed in the Nile Delta coast namely, sandy fertile cultivated lands, banks of irrigation canals, Orchards, reclaimed lands and waste land. Soil analysis indicated that A. graveolens L. grow in a wide range of soil variables such as conductivity, calcium carbonates, organic carbon, chlorides and potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium cations. The volatile constituents were analyzed by GC/MS. The detected compounds were identified by their retention times and mass spectral data, as well as comparison with published data or with reference compounds and mass spectrometric libraries of REPLIB and MAINLIB. Significant differences in the proportion of volatile constituents from oils of different habitat were detected. Besides, the phenolic and flavonoid content of the aerial parts and fruits varied widely according to habitat type. Hence, great attention must be paid to the type of soil and cropping strategies, to obtain satisfactory yields of high quality products, respecting their safety and medicinal value.
B-mode ultrasonographic appearance of the globe and intraocular structures of eye in dogs

B-mode ultrasonographic scanning of 74 eyes of 37 healthy dogs of 11 different breeds of either sex was performed without any sedation, anaesthesia or analgesia to study ultrasonographic appearance of the globe and intraocular structures of eye in dogs. Qualitative echo findings of the eyes were described.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Background and purpose: Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a hydro-philic bile acid that is produced in the liver and used for treatment of chronic cholestatic liver diseases. Experimental studies suggest that TUDCA may have cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic action, with potential neuroprotective activity. A proof of principle approach was adopted to provide preliminary data regarding the eﬃcacy and tolerability of TUDCA in a series of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: As a proof of principle, using a double-blind placebo controlled design, 34 ALS patients under treatment with riluzole who were randomized to placebo or TUDCA (1 g twice daily for 54 weeks) were evaluated after a lead-in period of 3 months. The patients were examined every 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the proportion of responders [those subjects with improvement of at least 15% in the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale Revised (ALSFRS-R) slope during the treatment period compared to the lead-in phase]. Secondary outcomes included between-treatment comparison of ALSFRS-R at study end, comparison of the linear regression slopes for ALSFFRS-R mean scores and the occurrence of adverse events. Results: Tauroursodeoxycholic acid was well tolerated; there were no between-group diﬀerences for adverse events. The proportion of responders was higher under TUDCA (87%) than under placebo ( P = 0.021; 43%). At study end base-line-adjusted ALSFRS-R was signiﬁcantly higher ( P = 0.007) in TUDCA than in placebo groups. Comparison of the slopes of regression analysis showed slower progression in the TUDCA than in the placebo group ( P < 0.01). Conclusions: This pilot study provides preliminary clinical data indicating that TUDCA is safe and may be eﬀective in ALS.
HyperresponsivenessMucous Metaplasia and Airways Neonatal Rhinovirus Infection Induces

Recent studies link early rhinovirus (RV) infections to later asthma development. We hypothesized that neonatal RV infection leads to an IL-13–driven asthma-like phenotype in mice. BALB/c mice were inoculated with RV1B or sham on day 7 of life. Viral RNA persisted in the neonatal lung up to 7 d postinfection. Within this time frame, IFN- a , - b , and - g peaked 1 d postinfection, whereas IFN- l levels persisted. Next, we examined mice on day 35 of life, 28 d after initial infection. Compared with sham-treated controls, virus-inoculated mice demonstrated airways hyperresponsiveness. Lungs from RV-infected mice showed increases in several immune cell populations, as well as the percentages of CD4-positive T cells expressing IFN- g and of NKp46/CD335 + , TCR- b + cells expressing IL-13. Periodic acid-Schiff and immunohistochemical staining revealed mucous cell metaplasia and muc5AC expression in RV1B- but not sham-inoculated lungs. Mucous metaplasia was accompanied by induction of gob-5, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and IL-13 mRNA. By comparison, adult mice infected with RV1B showed no change in IL-13 expression, mucus production, or airways responsiveness 28 d postinfection. Intraperitoneal administration of anti–IL-13 neutralizing Ab attenuated RV-induced mucous metaplasia and methacholine responses, and IL-4R null mice failed to show RV-induced mucous metaplasia. Finally, neonatal RV increased the inﬂammatory response to subsequent allergic sensitization and challenge. We conclude that neonatal RV1B infection leads to persistent airways inﬂammation, mucous metaplasia, and hyperresponsiveness, which are mediated, at least in part, by IL-13. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 188: 000–000.
Advances in RNA Secondary and Tertiary Structure Analysis by Chemical Probing

RNA is arguably the most versatile biological macromolecule due to its ability both to encode and to manipulate genetic information. The diverse roles of RNA depend on its ability to fold back on itself to form biologically functional structures that bind small molecules and large protein ligands, to change conformation, and to affect the cellular regulatory state. These features of RNA biology can be structurally interrogated using chemical mapping experiments. The usefulness and applications of RNA chemical probing technologies have expanded dramatically over the past five years due to several critical advances. These innovations include new sequence-independent RNA chemistries, algorithmic tools for high-throughput analysis of complex data sets composed of thousands of measurements, new approaches for interpreting chemical probing data for both secondary and tertiary structure prediction, facile methods for following time-dependent processes, and the willingness of individual research groups to tackle increasingly bold problems in RNA structural biology.
Molecular basis for inhibition of 2 Plasmodium vivax reticulocyte invasion by 3 a vaccine-induced broadly neutralising 4 human monoclonal antibody 5 6

Rawlinson, Thomas A; Barber, Natalie M; Mohring, Franziska; Cho, Jee Sun; Kosaisavee, Varakorn; Gérard, Samuel F; Alanine, Daniel GW; Labbé, Geneviève M; Elias, Sean C; Silk, Sarah E; +11 more. Quinkert, Doris; Jin, Jing; Marshall, Jennifer M; Payne, Ruth O; Minassian, Angela M; Russell, Bruce; Rénia, Laurent; Nosten, François H; Moon, Robert W; Higgins, Matthew K; Draper, Simon J; (2019) Structural basis for inhibition of Plasmodium vivax invasion by a broadly neutralizing vaccine-induced human antibody. Nature microbiology, 4 (9). pp. 1497-1507. ISSN 2058-5276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-019-0462-1 Downloaded from: http://researchonline.lshtm. ac.uk/id/eprint/4653915/
Unified Notation for Data Assimilation : Operational, Sequential and Variational

The need for unified notation in atmospheric and oceanic data assimilation arises from the field's rapid theoretical expansion and the desire to translate it into practical applications. Self-consistent notation is proposed that bridges sequential and variational methods, on the one hand, and operational usage, on the other. Over various other mottoes for this risky endeavor, the authors selected: "When I use a word, " Humpty Dumpty said, in rather a scornful voice tone, "it means just what I choose it to mean neither more more less. "Lewis Carroll, 1871.
Large Deformation Frictional Contact Formulation for Low Order “Solid-Shell” Elements

A special contact formulation which is compatible with the so-called ’Solid-Shell’ is developed for applications involving large deformation and frictional contact. The contact conditions are considered in the covariant form from the surface geometry point of view, which is very similar to shell theory. The contact integral and the necessary kinematical values are considered on the tangent plane of the contact surface for which a special surface coordinate system is introduced. A focus is on the regularization of the frictional conditions, which leads to evolutions equations in the form of covariant derivatives. A geometrical interpretation of these equations as the parallel translation is used to overcome the problem of discontinuity of the characteristics on element boundaries. The main advantage of the developments is a more algorithmic and geometrical structure of the tangent matrix. Di(cid:11)erent integration techniques based on higher order integration formulae as well as based on the subdivision of the contact area into subdomains allow to construct elements with diminishing error for the contact patch test in the non-frictional case. The segment-to-segment and the segment-to-analytical surface approaches are developed for the frictional problems with large sliding. Within the numerical examples the focus is also on the e(cid:11)ect where a 3D continuum approach as e.g. for the solid-shell elements appears to be bene(cid:12)cial in the context with frictional contact.
Demonstration of Next Generation Point of Presence for Fixed-Mobile Convergence

- Distributed data centers can benefit fixed and mobile service operators alike. Upcoming 5G technologies will force network operators to redesign current network infrastructure to deal with a high set of requirements (e.g., increased traffic load, reduced latency, improved cost and energy efficiency etc.). An appealing solution focuses on rolling out the so-called fixed mobile convergence in broadband networks. Fixed mobile convergence aims at providing a shared infrastructure (i
Reproducibility Analysis of the Workflow and Results of the CosRec-Model

Reproducibility is an important aspect of scientific work, but it has been shown that many study results are not reproducible, or that the presented workflows are not even re-executable. To this effect, we chose a recently published article that proposed a novel approach to sequential recommendation, tried to reproduce the workflow and investigated the results. We were able to show that the workflow itself can be very easily reproduced. Furthermore, we obtained very similar results to those presented in the article when we used the data provided by the authors; statistical tests confirmed this observation. However, upon closer investigation of the data-preparation protocol, we found that we could not fully reproduce the identical training and test data as used by the authors. While this had almost no effect on the results obtained for one of the datasets, the results for the second dataset differed substantially from the ones presented in the paper. With that in mind, we consider this work to be reproducible for just one of the datasets, and conclude that for the successful reproduction of the results of the second dataset, a more detailed description of the data-preparation protocol would be needed.
On Separation Axioms

\(T_{2{\frac{1}{2}}}\)-spaces and \(T_{4_{\frac{1}{2}}}\)-spaces are mentioned in [1]. The paper is devoted to some properties of these spaces. \(T_{5_{\frac{1}{2}} }\)-space is introduced and it's general properties are studied.
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in the Emergency Department for Identifying Elderly Individuals at Risk of Hip Fracture.

Background Hip fracture (HF) is a major challenge for healthcare systems in terms of increased costs and lengths of stay, and it has been estimated that by 2050, half of the projected 6.26 million global HFs will occur in Asia. Owing to the high morbidity and mortality associated with HF in elderly individuals, it is crucial to recognize at-risk elderly patients in the ED so that special precautions and preventive measures can be taken. While comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) has been shown to improve outcomes and prevent secondary fractures in elderly individuals with HF in outpatient settings, there is a lack of data to identify elderly Asian patients who are at risk of HF via using CGA in the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study is to identify the characteristics of elderly Asian patients in the ED who have an increased risk of HF via CGA. Methods A case-control study was conducted in the ED at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, a medical center located in Taipei, Taiwan, from October 2018 to December 2019. Patients > 75 years old with and without HF were compared using data obtained from CGAs conducted by trained nurses. Results A total of 85 HF patients (cases) and 680 non-HF patients were enrolled, among whom 340 non-HF control individuals (controls) were selected by simple random sampling. HF occurred more frequently in women and in patients with depressive symptoms. An association between decreased handgrip strength and HF risk, especially in men, was also identified ( p = 0.011). The variables independently associated with the presence of HF in the multivariate analysis were female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 2.229; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.332-3.728) and decreased handgrip strength (OR: 2.462; 95% CI: 1.155-5.247). Conclusions By performing CGAs in the ED, we found that female sex and decreased handgrip strength were associated with HF risk. Therefore, we propose that targeted assessment of handgrip strength in female patients aged > 75 years in the ED may identify those at greatest risk of HF, resulting in improved emergency care for geriatric patients.
EUSO-TA – first results from an on-ground EUSO telescope

EUSO-TA is a on-ground telescope, installed at the Telescope Array (TA) site in Black Rock Mesa, Utah, USA in 2013. The main aim of the project is observation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) through detection of ultraviolet light generated by cosmic-ray showers. EUSO-TA consists of two, 1 m2 square Fresnel lenses with a field of view of about 10.6◦×10.6◦. Light is focused on the Photo Detector Module (PDM), identical to the ones that are employed in the other EUSO missions’ focal surfaces. The PDM is composed of 36 Hamamatsu multi-anode photomultipliers (64 channels per tube), for a total of 2304 channels. Front-End readout is performed by 36 ASICS, with trigger and readout tasks done by two acquisition boards that send the data to a CPU and storage system. The telescope is housed in a shed located in front of one of the fluorescence detectors of the TA experiment, pointing in the direction of the Electron Light Source and Central Laser Facility. After the installation in February 2013, the performance of the detector has been very good, with little (about one photoelectron) electronic noise and a Point Spread Function of stars compatible with expectations. Several ultra high energy cosmic rays and meteors have been observed. The limiting magnitude of 5.5 on summed frames has been established, with PSF of ∼ 2.5 pixels FWHM. Measurements of the UV background in different darkness conditions and moon phases and positions have been completed. EUSO-TA has been used for development of balloon and space flights within the EUSO framework.
Design and analysis of a renewable energy network based on fuel cells in residential communities

This paper aims to develop a methodology to quantify the effects of different combinations of energy supply systems. A residential community with 12 households was modelled and simulated in TRNSYS to evaluate the performance of different power/heat network scenarios under dynamic electric and heat loads . The first scenario starts with gas-based fuel cell systems and heat tanks, and additional renewable energy systems such as PVs, batteries and geothermal systems were incrementally added to create different scenarios. The impact of capacity and operational variables on unmet demand was quantified by variance-based sensitivity analysis and scenario-specific optimal design, derived by economic analysis. The overall performance of the network was different depending on the scenario, but the scenario including fuel cells and GSHP system was selected as the most economical design in this case study.
Effects of long-term supplementation of probiotics on cognitive function and emotion in temporal lobe epilepsy

Cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disorders are very common in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). These comorbidities complicate the treatment of epilepsy and seriously affect the quality of life. So far, there is still no effective intervention to prevent the development of epilepsy-associated comorbidities. Gut dysbiosis has been recognized to be involved in the pathology of epilepsy development. Modulating gut microbiota by probiotics has shown an antiseizure effect on humans and animals with epilepsy. Whether this treatment strategy has a positive effect on epilepsy-associated comorbidities remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to objectively assess the effect of probiotics on cognitive function and neuropsychiatric performance of patients with TLE. Participants enrolled in an epilepsy clinic were randomly assigned to the probiotic and placebo groups. These two groups were treated with probiotics or placebo for 12 weeks, and then the cognitive function and psychological performance of participants were assessed. We enrolled 76 participants in this study, and 70 subjects were finally included in the study (35 in the probiotics group and 35 in the placebo group). Our results showed significant seizure reduction in patients with TLE treated with probiotics. No significant differences were observed on cognitive function (including intelligence and memory) between groups. For neuropsychiatric performances, supplementation of probiotics significantly decreased the Hamilton Anxiety Rating and Depression Scale scores and increased the 89-item Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory score in patients with TLE. In conclusion, probiotics have a positive impact on seizures control, and improve anxiety, depression, and quality of life in patients with TLE.
ST CrossingPose: A Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network for Skeleton-Based Pedestrian Crossing Intention Prediction

Pedestrian crossing intention prediction is crucial for the safety of pedestrians in the context of both autonomous and conventional vehicles and has attracted widespread interest recently. Various methods have been proposed to perform pedestrian crossing intention prediction, among which the skeleton-based methods have been very popular in recent years. However, most existing studies utilize manually designed features to handle skeleton data, limiting the performance of these methods. To solve this issue, we propose to predict pedestrian crossing intention based on spatial-temporal graph convolutional networks using skeleton data (ST CrossingPose). The proposed method can learn both spatial and temporal patterns from skeleton data, thus having a good feature representation ability. Extensive experiments on a public dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves very competitive performance in predicting crossing intention while maintaining a fast inference speed. We also analyze the effect of several factors, e.g., size of pedestrians, time to event, and occlusion, on the proposed method.
Marine rocky reef assemblages and lithological properties of substrates are connected at different ecological levels

Abstract Recent studies suggest that the lithological properties of hard substrates play an important role in influencing the diversity and structure of marine assemblages involving macroalgae, sessile organisms and vagile animals like heterobranchs gastropods and fishes. The present study aims at exploring whether the influence of different substrates (limestone vs granite) could drive the occurrence of different vagile groups (crustacean decapods, echinoderms and fishes). The study was carried out at the “Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo” Marine Protected Area (NE Sardinia, Mediterranean Sea) where substrates of different lithology, namely granites and limestones, occur on a local spatial scale. The diversity and the abundance of 16 vagile species (four crustaceans, seven echinoderms and five fishes) were investigated by the analysis of photographs (2352 images) collected in 20 sites (10 limestones and 10 granites), between 30 and 50 m depth. Statistical analyses showed a clear-cut separation between the assemblages assessed on the two lithological substrate types, with assemblages on granites that were tightly grouped and those on limestones more dispersed. The total species richness did not significantly vary between limestones and granites. Galathea strigosa and Marthasterias glacialis were exclusively recorded on granites, while Palinurus elephas, Scyllarides latus, Arbacia lixula, Ophidiaster ophidianus and Serranus scriba were exclusively found on limestones. The observed patterns could be partially explained by multiple factors related to lithology: i) the different availability of preferred food sources, potentially influenced by substrate type; ii) the site geomorphology, that could provide different dens and refuges (in terms of quantity and types of shelters) suitable for different species; iii) the colour of different substrates enhancing the mimicry of different species according to their livery and camouflage ability. Our and literature data suggest that the substrate type in rocky reefs could interact with other environmental factors (i.e., light intensity related to depth) in shaping the structure of rocky-reef assemblages.
Observational Evidence of Generation and Propagation of Barotropic Rossby Waves Induced by Tropical Instability Waves in the Northeastern Pacific

Tropical instability waves (TIWs) in the equatorial eastern Pacific exhibit 25–40‐day westward‐propagating fluctuations with seasonal and interannual variations, which are stronger during July–December and La Niña periods. There is evidence that the instability of the equatorial currents that generates TIWs also induce radiation of barotropic Rossby waves (BTRWTIW). Long‐term near‐bottom current measurements at 10.5°N and 131.3°W during 2004–2013 revealed a spectral peak at 25–40 days, where significant coherences were found with satellite‐measured sea surface height with maxima approximately 5°N. Simulated deep currents from a data‐assimilated ocean model concur with the observed near‐bottom currents, and both currents vary seasonally and interannually, consistent with the typical characteristics of TIW. Further analyses using 25–40‐day bandpass‐filtered barotropic velocity data from the model revealed that they reasonably satisfied the theoretical dispersion relation of BTRWTIW. The in situ and model analysis support the conclusion that BTRWTIW propagate north of 10°N in the northeastern Pacific.