Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative preservation of ‘animate’ knowledge in an atypical presentation of herpes simplex virus encephalitis

A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests designed to assess primary cognitive functions, including language and semantic memory, was given to MG, a patient with confirmed herpes simplex virus encephalitis. MG’s initial jargon aphasia resolved over time to leave her with a mild phonological impairment. She had a very mild amnesia that was worse for verbal material and a category-specific impairment of semantic memory. This latter impairment resulted in a significant anomia that was worse for manmade/artefact items than for animate kinds. Her naming difficulties were associated with a mild impairment in comprehension that was not specific to category or feature type. MRI revealed a strongly asymmetric and atypical distribution of pathology in MG with the disease affecting the left medial temporal lobe, temporal pole, left frontotemporal and temporoparietal regions.
Prototype filter design for oversampled subband adaptive filtering structures

In this paper, the design of prototype filters for uniform DFT filter banks used in oversampled subband adaptive filtering structures is investigated. Two optimization procedures (a linear and a nonlinear) are proposed for the search of the optimal coefficients of the analysis and synthesis prototype filters. The nonlinear method is based on the minimization of an estimate of the steady-state mean-square error, while the linear approach uses the results of a convergence analysis to design the analysis prototype filter and then finds the synthesis prototype filter by a LMS-type algorithm. Computer simulation results are presented to illustrate the improvements in the convergence characteristics of the oversampled subband structure obtained with the proposed prototype design methods.
Postconflict reconciliation and interactions with the third individuals in anubis baboons

A study of post-conflict behaviour of aggressor and victim was performed in a group of anubis baboons at the Institute of Medical Primatology. The following three aims have been set: 1) the analysis of post-conflict interactions between the aggressor and victim; 2) the analysis of post-conflict interactions of aggressor and victim with the third individuals; 3) the analysis of post-conflict interactions of any third individual with an aggressor or a victim. The mean conciliatory tendency evaluated according to Veneema et al. (1994) was 27.3′2.4 (n=47). The value of conciliatory tendency varied in different classes of conflicting dyads from 23.8 (male/female) to 27.9 (female/female). In most cases the reconciliation took place during the first two minutes after the termination of a conflict. In the class male/male the affiliation offormer opponent males with other (third) animals occurred in the post-conflict observations approximately with the same frequency as during the matched-control period. Nevertheless, it was established that during the post-conflict period the males preferred to affiliate mostly with other males or to join to infants. The index of affiliation of opponent males with the third party - other males, was significantly higher than that of affiliation of males with females. It was established that in the class female/female the index of affiliation of aggressors with any third animal was higher than that of victims; it is an evidence of a stronger motivation of females-aggressors to affiliate with third party during the post-conflict period. Females-aggressors preferred to join to other females, and females-victims picked out the males for consolation and support. Only the males actively performed a role of comforters of participants in conflicts; as a third party the males affiliated with the females-victims.
Controllable accountabilities: the Internet of Things and its challenges for organisations

Current expectations are that the use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies (e.g. radio frequency identification devices (RFID) in supply chains) will improve accountability in organisations. However, it remains unclear if, why and when such expectations will actually be met. This is because new technologies not only address, but also produce new accountability demands and human actors might experience difficulties in satisfying these accountabilities. This article presents a theoretical framework for understanding how IoT technologies enable or constrain control capabilities of actors and how this influences actors' capabilities to satisfy accountability demands. We discuss multiple dimensions of accountability (i.e. visibility, responsibility and liability) and control (i.e. transparency, predictability and influence), and explain how control and accountability are constitutively entangled with the capacities of IoT technologies (i.e. informate, automate and transform). To illustrate the framework, we provide vignettes from an IoT application used to detect counterfeits in the supply chain. The article contributes to the on-going debate on benefits and risks of IoT technologies and emphasises the importance of predicting organisational issues already in early stages of technology development.
The Relation of Proinsulin, Insulin, and Proinsulin-to-Insulin Ratio to Insulin Sensitivity and Acute Insulin Response in Normoglycemic Subjects

Plasma levels of proinsulin and its conversion intermediates are elevated in NIDDM patients. Recent studies have suggested that proinsulin levels are also increased relative to insulin levels in subjects who subsequently develop NIDDM. This may be due to insulin resistance or a defect in proinsulin processing or insulin secretion. If insulin resistance is the trigger, the proinsulinto-insulin ratio would be higher in insulin-resistant subjects than in insulin-sensitive subjects. We examined the association of fasting proinsulin, 32,33 split proinsulin, and the proinsulin-to-insulin ratio with insulin sensitivity (SI), estimated by a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test and the minimal model in 138 normoglycemic subjects ages 53–61 years. We also investigated the relation of proinsulins and the proinsulin-to-insulin ratio to acute insulin response (AIR). Fasting specific insulin (r = −0.64), intact proinsulin (r = −0.43), and 32,33 split proinsulin (r = −0.54) concentrations were inversely correlated and the proinsulin-to-insulin ratio positively (r = 0.31) correlated with SI (P < 0.001). Fasting specific insulin (r = 0.64), intact proinsulin (r = 0.35), and 32,33 split proinsulin (r = 0.45) concentrations were positively correlated and proinsulin-to-insulin ratio (r = −0.40) inversely correlated with AIR (P < 0.001). The proinsulin-to-insulin ratio increased by increasing levels of SI (quartiles of 5, from low to high: 0.048, 0.078, 0.078, 0.068; P = 0.012) and decreased by increasing SI (quartiles of SI from low to high: 0.088, 0.068, 0.058, 0.058; P = 0.005). These associations were independent of age, sex, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio. Furthermore, the relation between the proinsulin-to-insulin ratio and AIR was independent of SI In conclusion, in normoglycemic subjects, insulin resistance (low SI was associated with a low rather than a high proinsulin-to-insulin ratio. Subjects who maintained normoglycemia with a low AIR had an increased proinsulin-to-insulin ratio compared with those who needed high to maintain normoglycemia. These results suggest that, in subjects with normal glucose tolerance, insulin resistance does not induce increased proinsulin relative to insulin secretion, but rather is associated with enhanced processing of proinsulin.
Robust digital control for PFC boost converter

Robust PFC converter which can covers the dynamic characteristics changes of load changes and duty ratio changes with only one controller is needed. In this paper, the robust digital controller for suppress the change of step responses and variation of output voltage in the load sudden changes with high power factor and low harmonic is proposed. Experimental studies using Microcontroller for controller demonstrate that this type of digital controller is effective to suppress variations and power factor improvement.
Client Client Client Execution TSS Replica 2 Agreement Execution TSS Replica 3 Agreement Execution Agreement

With the advent of trusted execution environments provided by recent general purpose processors, a class of replication protocols has become more attractive than ever: Protocols based on a hybrid fault model are able to tolerate arbitrary faults yet reduce the costs significantly compared to their traditional Byzantine relatives by employing a small subsystem trusted to only fail by crashing. Unfortunately, existing proposals have their own price: We are not aware of any hybrid protocol that is backed by a comprehensive formal specification, complicating the reasoning about correctness and implications. Moreover, current protocols of that class have to be performed largely sequentially. Hence, they are not well-prepared for just the modern multi-core processors that bring their very own fault model to a broad audience. In this paper, we present Hybster, a new hybrid state-machine replication protocol that is highly parallelizable and specified formally. With over 1 million operations per second using only four cores, the evaluation of our Intel SGX-based prototype implementation shows that Hybster makes hybrid state-machine replication a viable option even for today’s very demanding critical services.
Identifying Constellations of Website Features : Documentation of a Proposed Methodology

A “feature preference constellation” is a set of commercial website features similar in appeal to shoppers. That is, the features in a constellation: covary in attractiveness (i.e., correlate), are similar in elevation (mean attractiveness), are treated as intact entities rather than being redefined as the partial reflections of underlying factors or dimensions, and can represent more than a single function or meaning. Identification of constellations is useful to practitioners as a guide for developing new websites and to scientists as a predictor/explanation for adoption and diffusion of sites throughout a market. A constellation is a different construct from a “dimension” and cannot be gauged via the factor analytic procedures popularly used to assess dimensions. A 10-step procedure was developed to identify constellations. Dependent upon sample representativeness and research objectives, feature preferences may first be adjusted for sample (here, demographic) characteristics by the use of “rescaled residual scores. ” Feature similarity indices, Lin coefficients sensitive to both elevation and covariance, are subjected to multidimensional scaling. Features, as points in multidimensional space, are grouped by a two phase hierarchical/partition clustering procedure. Comparison with the most popular factor analytic approach showed that the proposed procedure yielded meaningful feature groupings more homogeneous in elevation while comparable in within group covariation and in separation among groups. It was concluded that the procedure can operationalize the constellation construct, and do so more effectively than can the popular factor analytic approach. It was suggested that the constellation concept, because of its unique suitability for particular applications, be considered by both scientists and practitioners. A condensed version of this study appears in the RRCB paper, “Website feature preference constellations: Conceptualization and measurement” by the present authors. Identifying Constellations of Website Features: Documentation of a Proposed
Acceleration of Hessenberg reduction for nonsymmetric matrix.

The worth of finding a general solution for nonsymmetric eigenvalue problems is specified in many areas of engineering and science computations, such as reducing noise to have a quiet ride in automotive industrial engineering or calculating the natural frequency of a bridge in civil engineering. The main objective of this thesis is to design a hybrid algorithm (based on CPU-GPU) in order to reduce general non-symmetric matrices to Hessenberg form. A new blocks method is used to achieve great efficiency in solving eigenvalue problems and to reduce the execution time compared with the most recent related works. The GPU part of proposed algorithm is thread based with asynchrony structure (based on FFT techniques) that is able to maximize the memory usage in GPU. On a system with an Intel Core i5 CPU and NVIDA GeForce GT 635M GPU, this approach achieved 239.74 times speed up over the CPU-only case when computing the Hessenberg form of a 256 * 256 real matrix. Minimum matrix order (n), which the proposed algorithm supports, is sixteen. Therefore, supporting this matrix size is led to have the large matrix order range.
An efficient resource allocation scheme for OFDMA-based cooperative cognitive radio networks with minimum power constraint

A novel resource allocation algorithm for OFDMA-based cooperative cognitive radio network is proposed. Sum-capacity of Primary Users (PUs) is maximized under minimum power constraint. We design a sub-optimum algorithm with low complexity. In this manner, though sum-capacity does not change significantly, Outage probability of systems decrease considerably. The algorithm is also modified to improve active PUs in the network. Difference between optimum and suboptimum schemes is shown to be negligible in simulation results. These algorithms aim to increase subcarriers of secondary users.
Evaluating and Improving TCP with Adaptive Transmission and Routing Protocols in Frequency-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Wireless ad hoc networks facilitate packet switched communication among untethered devices (nodes). The untethered devices are capable of forwarding packets, and are typically constrained in energy resources and transmit power. A set of adaptive protocols was previously proposed to achieve energy efficient and reliable communication in frequency-hop spread spectrum ad hoc networks. The protocols were shown to provide superb performance for a constant rate transport protocol in such a network. However, it is unclear how a transport protocol with reactive rate control, such as the transmission control protocol (TCP), will perform with the adaptive protocols. Our research is to complete the picture by evaluating TCP with adaptive protocols, and propose enhancements to improve throughput. First, a series of simulation studies is done to assess TCP performance and the dominant factors. Results show that adaptive protocols remain energy efficient, but the TCP throughput is mostly degraded. Based on the findings and analysis, we propose using a histogram of successful transmissions in each power level to reduce failure-prone transmits power reductions, such that a power level with a lower success probability is less likely to be adopted in the next transmission. The results demonstrate that the histogram control can reduce packet failures caused by adoption of low transmit power. The throughput is thus improved without sacrificing much throughput efficiency
Ligand-binding properties of human transthyretin

Transthyretin (TTR) is one of the more than 20 known amyloidogenic proteins. It is thought that the aggregation pathway of TTR into amyloid fibrils occurs by tetramer dissociation, a process which may be blocked by stabilization of the tetramer via ligand binding. In this regard, several small molecules have been reported as tetramer stabilizers. There are more than 25 crystallographic TTR-ligand complexes deposited in the Protein Data Bank. However, until now, no attempt to critically review the relevant information for ligand binding that is embedded on them has been performed. In this context, the aim of the present work was the computational analysis of these structures in order to deduce useful information for drug discovery and design.
Selection of Transfected Mammalian Cells

Analysis of gene function frequently requires the formation of mammalian cell lines that contain the studied gene in a stably integrated form. Approximately one in 104 cells in a transfection will stably integrate DNA (the efficiency can vary depending on the cell type). Therefore, a dominant, selectable marker is used to permit isolation of stable transfectants. In the first part of this unit, the procedure for determining selection conditions and the resulting stable transfection is presented and the most commonly used selectable markers are discussed. The second protocol includes conditions for thirteen markers commonly used for selection of mammalian cells. A third protocols describes selection of transfected cells from the total population soon after transfection with plasmids that express both the gene of interest and a selection tag. Optimization of transfection conditions can be facilitated by a simple staining assay detailed in a .
Guidelines for passive sampling of hydrophobic contaminants in water using silicone rubber samplers

This ICES Techniques in Marine Environmental Sciences provides advice on the use of silicone rubber passive samplers for the determination of freely dissolved non-polar contaminants in seawater. The level of detail offered may be helpful to first-timeusers of passive samplers, who wish to implement passive sampling methods in their monitoring programmes, and to more experienced users to review their current methods. The aspects covered by these guidelines include pre-extraction, spiking with performance reference compounds, deployment, retrieval, extraction, clean-up,chemical analysis, and calculation of aqueous concentrations.
A state-space signal decomposition method for power system disturbance analysis

We present the state-space method to estimate the parameters of a signal model expressed as a sum of damped complex exponentials from a noisy waveform samples recorded during some power system disturbances. The method is based on the singular value decomposition of the Hankel data matrix. It is shown using practical examples that the method displays high parameter estimation accuracy.
ASSESSMENT OF SHALLOW WATER PERFORMANCE USING INTERFEROMETRIC SONAR COHERENCE

Interferometry is used for bathymetric mapping with side scan and synthetic aperture sonars. The principle is based on estimating the time difference between arrivals for two vertically displaced receivers. An important additional feature with interferometric sonar is that an estimate of the signal-to-noise ratio can be derived from the coherence between overlaid data series from the two receivers. Interferometric sonar coherence therefore allows for an effective real-time estimate of quality for side scan sonar and synthetic aperture sonar measurements. We have conducted a series of trials in shallow waters along with Kongsberg Maritime using a HISAS 1030 interferometric sonar mounted on a HUGIN autonomous underwater vehicle. We have also developed a tool for shallow water performance assessment based on a simple ray model. In this paper we first demonstrate how the interferometric sonar coherence relates to the image quality of synthetic aperture images. We then associate the coherence from real data with results from the model in order to better understand the different signal contributions. For the shallow water environment of investigation, we identify multipath returns as the limiting factor for image quality. We conclude that the interferometric sonar coherence yields an effective estimate of quality for interferometric side scan sonar and synthetic aperture sonar measurements. It allows for a simple real-time estimate of the imaging range and in combination with simulations provides the means required for autonomous on-the-fly change of the sonar geometries and settings for optimal performance.
CodY regulation is required for full virulence and heme iron acquisition in Bacillus anthracis

Capsule and toxin are the major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis. The B. anthracis pleiotropic regulator CodY activates toxin gene expression by post‐translationally regulating the accumulation of the global regulator AtxA. However, the role of CodY on B. anthracis capsulation and virulence of encapsulated strains has been unknown. The role of CodY in B. anthracis virulence was studied in mouse and guinea pig models. Spore outgrowth and dissemination of the vegetative cells was followed in mice by bioluminescent imaging. We also determined the state of capsulation and the iron requirement for growth of the codY mutant. In all models tested, the codY mutant strain was strongly attenuated compared to the wild‐type strain and, in mice, also compared to the atxA strain. The disruption of codY did not affect either ex vivo or in vivo capsulation, whereas atxA deletion affected ex vivo capsulation only. The disruption of codY led to a delayed initiation of dissemination but similar kinetics of subsequent spread of the bacilli. The codY mutant cannot grow on heme iron as sole iron source, whereas the parental and complemented strains can. The lack of CodY‐mediated transcription weakens virulence by controlling iron acquisition and synthesis of toxin, but without modifying capsulation. —Château, A. , van Schaik, W. , Six, A. , Aucher, W. , Fouet, A. CodY regulation is required for full virulence and heme iron acquisition in Bacillus anthracis. FASEB J. 25, 4445–4456 (2011). www.fasebj. org
Leu110Pro substitution in the RhD polypeptide is responsible for the DVII category blood group phenotype

The nucleotide sequence of the RhD transcripts from the reticulocytes of three unrelated variants with the DVII category blood group phenotype has been determined. Our results indicate that the expression of the low frequency antigen Rh40 and the lack of epD8 at the surface of these variant RhD positive red cells are associated with a single point mutation, T329C, in exon 2 of the RHD gene. This nucleotide polymorphism results in a leucine to proline substitution at amino acid position 110 of the RhD polypeptide. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lifetime prolongation of PARC-based wireless sensor networks by mobile sink method

In a wireless sensor network composed of battery-powered sensor nodes, the saving of battery power consumptions of sensor nodes is essential to prolong the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. For this purpose, we have proposed the PARC method, which improves the efficiency of multi-hop communication in wireless sensor networks. However, even in case of using the PARC method, a hot spot problem occurs at node around a sink. Due to this problem, batteries of nodes around the sink are depleted early, and the sink cannot collect any sensing data. In this paper, in order to cope with this problem, we introduce a mobile sink method for the PARC method. The proposed mobile sink moves around plural pre-assigned data collecting points periodically. In order to balance the load among nodes, the data collection times at each stopping point should be optimized. We propose a simple optimization method of data collection times and show the effectiveness of our method by simulation experiments.
Bone and liver scans in patients with head and neck carcinoma

The initial evaluation of patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck must include an attempt to determine the presence or absence of distant metastases so that the patient's tumor can be accurately staged and appropriate treatment planned. To determine the value of routine bone and liver scans in detecting distant metastases, the records of 169 patients with head and neck carcinoma, on whom such scans were performed, were reviewed retrospectively.