Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mention Anomaly Based Event Detection using Real-time Twitter Data

- With the rise of social media, people are more habitual to interact, post, share daily activities on social networking sites. This paper represents Twitter as social sensor for obtaining social media data. Many people use Twitter to share incidents or events happening with them and hence tweets are valuable source of timely information. Detecting events from Twitter data is difficult task as tweets that report interesting events is also overwhelmed by large volume of vague tweets. Existing event detection focuses on only textual content of tweets and ignores social aspect of Twitter. In this paper we propose mention anomaly based event detection technique that solely focuses on tweets and leverages the creation frequency of mentions present in tweets to detect events and their magnitude of impact over the crowd. It differs from other event detection techniques as it dynamically estimates the period of time during each event is discussed rather than assuming predefined fixed duration of time. This event detection approach leads to more accurate event detection by providing clear textual information and precise temporal descriptions. Furthermore visualization is done to explore detected events.
Patterns in Plant Leaf Flammability of Woodlands and Forests of Eastern Australia

XVIII Chapter 1: General Introduction . 1 1.1 Wildfire and the flammability of plant species . 1 1.2 Leaf flammability attributes and leaf traits . 5 1.3 Research novelty and significance . 8 1.4 Study region . 9 1.5 Thesis aims . 12 1.6 Chapter structure and descriptions . 12 Chapter 2: Landscape variation in plant leaf flammability is driven by leaf traits responding to environmental gradients . 14 2.
Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70-1 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Jersey-Sahiwal Cross Breds during Thermal Stress

Thermal stress is defined as “a physiological condition when the core body temperature of a given species exceeds its range specified for normal activity, which results from a total heat load (internal production and environment) exceeding the capacity for heat dissipation and this prompts physiological and behavioral responses to reduce the strain” (Bernabucci et al., 2010). The variation in upper critical temperatures (UCT) depends upon age, breed, level of production and the degree of acclimatization (Shearer and Beede, 1990). The ability to adapt to environment is of great importance to all living things.
Acoustic scattering in a three‐dimensional oceanic waveguide using boundary integral equation methods

This paper develops in more detail the theory for a fully three‐dimensional version of an earlier boundary integral equation method (BIEM) formulation, for the computation of the scattering of underwater sound from compact deformations of an oceanic waveguide’s surfaces. The method allows for three‐dimensional sources and boundary deformations in an otherwise uniform waveguide. The technique involves only integrations over the compact surface of the waveguide deformation. The implementation is illustrated for a seamountlike deformation in an oceanic waveguide.
Improving Automatic Tuning of Hadoop and Spark by Analysing Container Performance Metrics

This thesis attempts to provide further research on improving automatic tuning of Hadoop and Spark by analysing container performance metrics. Analytics frameworks, for example, Hadoop and Spark, are powerful tools in the study of big data. The parameter values in these analytics frameworks significantly affect the performance of applications. However, it is difficult to select the optimal framework parameter values for every application. Many research teams have proposed methods for the automatic tuning of Hadoop or Spark parameters from different perspectives. Most of the currently existing automatic tuning systems do not support working with different kinds of frameworks and Resource Managers. In addition, research on selecting the best timing to evoke the tuning method is lacking, which is another gap in the study of big data frameworks. Our research aims to fill these gaps. This research introduces novel container performance metrics and proves that these metrics are beneficial in the development of automatic tuning systems. Hadoop and Spark show different patterns in the static and dynamic values of container creation rate, container completion rate, container average response time and relative standard deviation of response-time(RSD). By applying five kinds of machine learning algorithms, container creation rate was found to be the most sensitive metric to identify and classify the workload type at an average accuracy of 83%. RSD can be used to detect workload transitions with an average accuracy of 74%. Our research results will decrease tuning overhead and promote the development of automatic tuning systems.
Clustering Analysis of a Geophysical Database for delineating regions of higher potential for hydrocarbon reservoirs

One of the most challenging problems in geophysics is the interpretation of geophysical models which demands the experience of the interpreter on the subject. However, the growing improvement of machine learning techniques has introduced powerful automated tools in geophysical studies. Unsupervised learning techniques for instance, are useful in extracting patterns from geophysical models whose class labels are unknown. One of the most well-known unsupervised learning algorithms is the k-means clustering technique (MacQueen 1967). The kmeans cluster analysis in geophysics has been used by several researchers. Di et al. (2018) applied k-mean clustering for delineating the surface of salt bodies from several seismic attributes extracted from 3-D seismic surveying. This method is also used for interpreting geophysical models of a volcanic caldera, by integrating CSAMT-MT resistivity, P-wave velocity, and density models (Di Giuseppe et al. 2017). We applied a clustering technique on a geophysical database to delineate locations of potential hydrocarbon reservoirs at offshore Abu Dhabi, U.A. E. Our database comprises gravity and magnetic field data and salt structure thickness derived from nonlinear inversion of gravity and magnetic data. Applying k-means clustering technique on the preprocessed data of the Budana oil field, the areas with higher probability of hydrocarbon reservoirs are distinguished. According to the results, the region is divided into two regions comprising smaller and larger hydrocarbon reservoirs and one with less possibility for hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Grassland resources for extensive farming systems in marginal lands: major drivers and future scenarios

submission and evaluation by Editing and production by Wageningen Academic Publishers P.O. Box 220 6700 AE Wageningen The Netherlands www.WageningenAcademic. com Distributed by European Grassland Federation EGF W. Kessler, Federation Secretary c/o Agroscope Reckenholzstrasse 191 CH-8046 Zürich, Switzerland E-mail: fedsecretary@europeangrassland.org Wageningen Academic P u b l i s h e r s OASES Online Academic Submission and Evaluation System
Estimation of Velocity Field using seven years GNSS permanent station data. Application to Hellenic area

The Hellenic area is one of the most geodynamic areas in the world and the first in Europe. The main active faults that characterize the Hellenic area are the Anatolian fault, the North Aegean Sea and the Ionian Sea fault. Nowadays, the utilization of GNSS data from permanent networks in order to study crustal deformations is one of the most accurate techniques. The aim of the present study is the improvement of the first velocity model that the research team had estimate and announced in several conferences. First model was based on 85 permanent GNSS stations data cover a time window of three years. In order to do this, daily data from 145 permanent stations were processed for a time span of seven years (20082014) applying the proposed processing strategy which performs the European Analysis Centers. According to the derived results the North part of Greece is more stable and complies with the motion of Eurasian plate while the South part shows different behavior based on velocity values and angular directions. Moreover, velocity estimation values can found significant information for further analysis on reference frame realization for the geodetic and geosciences in general community. The Auth research team, (GNSS-QC) has already started the relevant case study on that topic.
Influence of Insecticides and Reflective Mulch on Watermelon Vine Decline Caused by Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV)

Kousik, C. S. , Adkins, S. , Webster, C. G. , Turechek, W. W. , Stansly, P., and Roberts, P. D. 2015. Influence of insecticides and reflective mulch on watermelon vine decline caused by Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV). Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-RS-14-0040. Watermelon vine decline (WVD) caused by the whitefly-transmitted Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) has been a serious limiting factor in watermelon production in southwest and west-central Florida over the past few years. Symptoms of WVD typically appear as sudden decline of vines a few weeks before harvest or just after the first harvest. Fruit symptoms include rind necrosis and flesh discoloration that affects fruit quality and marketability. The combination of insecticide treatments consisting of an imidacloprid drench (Admire Pro, 560 ml/ha) at transplanting followed by two foliar applications of spiromesifen (Oberon, 2SC, 490 ml/ha) and reflective plastic mulch was evaluated for management of WVD during fall growing seasons of 2006, 2007, and 2009. Virus inoculum source was introduced by planting SqVYV-infected squash plants at the ends of each plot. In all three experiments, the insecticide-treated plots had significantly lower levels of WVD on foliage and fruit compared to non-treated plots. In 2007, the reflective plastic mulch was effective in reducing foliar WVD compared to non-reflective mulch, but not in 2006 and 2009. No significant interaction between plastic mulch and chemical treatments was observed on WVD development on foliage or fruit. Our results suggest that application of insecticides for managing whiteflies can help manage SqVYV-caused WVD.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor synergizes with interleukin-6 in supporting the proliferation of human myeloma cells [see comments]

The role of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the growth of multiple myeloma (MM) was investigated in 21 patients with MM. In 17 patients with proliferating myeloma cells in vivo, recombinant GM-CSF significantly increased the endogenous-IL-6-mediated spontaneous myeloma cell proliferation occurring in 5-day cultures of tumor cells in vitro (P less than .01). Furthermore, GM-CSF was detected in 5-day culture supernatants of myeloma bone marrow cells. This endogenous GM-CSF was produced by the myeloma bone marrow microenvironment but not by myeloma cells and contributed to the spontaneous myeloma-cell proliferation observed in 5-day cultures. In fact, this proliferation was partially blocked (67%) by anti-GM-CSF monoclonal antibodies. The stimulatory effect of rGM-CSF was mediated through IL-6 because it was abrogated by anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies. rGM-CSF did not reproducibly increase the endogenous IL-6 production in short-term cultures of bone marrow cells of MM patients. Using an IL-6-dependent myeloma cell line (XG-1 cell line), rGM-CSF was shown to act directly on myeloma cells stimulating by twofold their IL- 6 responsiveness. rGM-CSF did not induce any IL-6 production in XG-1 cells, nor was it able to sustain their growth alone. Although no detectable GM-CSF levels were found in the peripheral or bone marrow blood of MM patients, it is possible that GM-CSF, produced locally by the tumoral environment, enhances the IL-6 responsiveness of myeloma cells in vivo in a way similar to that reported here in vitro.
Quantitative analysis of gene actions controlling root length under water stress in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

Abstract. Understanding the genetic control of agronomic traits is important in designing crop improvement programs. Study was conducted to analyse the genetic control of root length under water stress. A full diallel cross of four spring wheat lines, along with their F1 progenies was evaluated under –0.82 MPa water stress in a hydroponic culture. Analysis of variance showed highly significant (P < 0.01) difference among the parental lines and their F1 progenies. Genotypes Santa Elena, Colotana 296–52 and Pato showed comparable longer roots whereas Tincurrin grew significantly (P < 0.05) shorter roots. Genotypes with long roots were found to have more dominant genes than those with shorter roots. Both general and specific combining abilities were highly significant (P < 0.01) indicating the importance of additive and dominant gene effects in the control of root length under water stress. Genotype Santa Elena was found to be the best general combiner whereas the specific cross Santa Elena × Pato was the best hybrid. Moderate narrow-sense heritability (38%) was observed indicating the possibility of improving root length under water stress. The highly significant specific combining ability value (dominant genetic control) suggests that genotypes with more dominant genes should be selected as parents for hybridisation and the hybrid wheat approach might be helpful in improving water stress resistance.
Double-Stranded RNA-Mediated Silencing of Sodium Channel and Ultraspiracle Genes in Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract Overuse of chemical insecticides such as organophosphates, pyrethroids, and endosulfan in managing notorious sap-sucking insect pests such as the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, resulted in insecticide resistance. To combat the above and bring out the novel pest control strategy, we implemented ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi), a reverse genetics tool in silencing the target genes. RNAi is a sequence-specific gene-silencing mechanism triggered by double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA). The efficiency of RNAi is reliant upon concentration of dsRNA, mode of delivery, gene targets, insect species, etc. The objective of the present study was to assess the extent of down-regulation by using two different concentrations of dsRNA specific to sodium channel (AgSCN) and ultraspiracle genes (AgUSP) (0.0625 and 0.125 mg/ml) with two time intervals (48 and 96 h) through oral delivery. The extent of declined gene expression and percentage mortality chronicled for sodium channel and USP is proportional to the dsRNA concentration. Thus, our study affirms the outlook in the development of RNAi which can form a potent species-specific tool in the management of insect pests such as A. gossypii.
Enhanced backscattering in a magnetic field

Abstract By means of numerical simulations the authors study the scattering of a beam of p-polarized light from a small RMS slope one-dimensional random surface on a semi-infinite metal or n-type semiconductor to which a constant magnetic field is applied. The surface is defined by the equation x 3=ξ(x 1), where the surface profile function ξ(x 1) is a stationary stochastic Gaussian process. The plane of incidence is the x 1 x 3 plane, and the magnetic field is directed along the x 2-axis. In the presence of the magnetic field the dispersion curve for the surface polaritons supported by the surface in the absence of the random roughness becomes non-reciprocal, i.e. the wavenumber k +(ω) for a surface polariton of frequency ω propagating in the +x 1-direction is unequal to the (magnitude of the) wavenumber k −(ω) for a surface polariton of the same frequency propagating in the −x 1-direction. As a consequence of this they find that the peak in the angular distribution of the intensity of the incoherent com.
Eight new species of Pseudophilautus (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Sripada World Heritage Site (Peak Wilderness), a local amphibian hotspot in Sri Lanka

Eight new species of Pseudophilautus (Pseudophilautus bambaradeniyai, P. dayawansai, P. jagathgunawardanai, P. karunarathnai, P. newtonjayawardanei, P. puranappu, P. samarakoon, and P. sirilwijesundarai) were discovered as a result of a survey carried out to study the herpetofaunal diversity with the changes in elevation in the Sripada World Heritage Site (Peak Wilderness), Central Hills of Sri Lanka. Detailed descriptions of new species along with colour photographs and line drawings for each species are provided herein. The new species possess unique morphological characters and are well distinguishable from one another that could be easily identified in the field. The conservation status of all species described here, have been considered Critically Endangered, except for P. newtonjayawardanei, as all the new species are recorded from single locations, and their habitats are under severe threat.
Gene expression of detoxification enzymes in insecticide-resistant and insecticide-susceptible Bemisia tabaci strains after diafenthiuron exposure

SUMMARY The B-biotype of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) has become extremely resistant to commonly used insecticides in China. To further explore the mechanisms of resistance to diafenthiuron, the diafenthiuron induction profiles of carboxylesterase (COE1), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and seven cytochrome P450 genes in both resistant (R-DfWf) and susceptible (S-Lab) strains were characterized. The detoxification genes GST, CYP6CX4, CYP6DW3, CYP6DZ6 and CYP9F, which are known to be constitutively over-expressed in the R-DfWf strain, were significantly upregulated in R-DfWf and S-Lab strains exposed to diafenthiuron at LC50 compared with their levels in strains treated with distilled water (controls); however, CYP6CX1, another detoxification gene, was not upregulated. The upregulation was more pronounced in the R-DfWf strain than in the S-Lab strain exposed to different concentrations of diafenthiuron (LC10 or LC50). Interestingly, COE1, CYP6CM1 and CYP6A, which are not constitutively over-expressed in the R-DfWf strain, were all significantly upregulated after exposure to diafenthiuron. Similarly, significant differences in the expression of these detoxification genes, with the exception of CYP6CM1 in the S-Lab strain, were also observed after exposure to diafenthiuron. However, the induction of CYP6A and COE1 was more pronounced in the S-Lab strain than in the R-DfWf strain after treatment with diafenthiuron at both concentrations, indicating that diafenthiuron induction of CYP6CM1 is specific to the R-DfWf strain, while diafenthiuron induction of the other genes is common to both the R-DfWf and S-Lab strains. These results demonstrate that multiple detoxification genes are co-upregulated in the R-DfWf strain through both constitutive over-expression and induction mechanisms. This knowledge will be useful for rational selection of insecticides for use in resistance management and control of this species.
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) Analysis for the Detection of Mutations in the CYZWBI Gene*

The adrenal lip-hydroxylase is a mitochondrial P450 enzyme en- coded by the CYPllBl gene, which is situated on chromosome 8q22 in tandem with the gene for aldosterone synthase (CYPllB2). Defi- ciency of 11/3-hydroxylase results in the inability to convert ll-de- oxycortisol to cortisol and accounts for 5-8% of cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In the following study the CYPllBl genes from eight individuals with 118-hydroxylase deficiency were screened for mutations using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Sequence analysis of variant exons revealed a 28 bp deletion and a 5 bp duplication in exon 2 and five missense mutations, G267R, G267D, Q356X, R427H and C494F, distributed throughout the gene. One of these mutations, G267R, and a G to A transversion at the third nucleotide position of codon 318 occur at the + 1 position of the splice donor sites. Mutations were neither the result of gene conversion nor nonhomologous recombination between the two closely related CYPllB genes. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81:
Isolation, screening and characterization of Streptomyces espinosus from rhizospheric soil for Genistein production

Genistein is a phytoestrogen and belongs to the category of isoflavones. Most of the isoflavones in plants are present in a glycosylated form. The unglycosylated aglycones can be obtained through various means such as treatment with the enzyme β-glucosidase, acid treatment of soybeans followed by solvent extraction, or by chemical synthesis. Acid treatment is a harsh method as concentrated inorganic acids are used. Both enzyme treatment and chemical synthesis are costly. Chemically synthesized genistein or genistein extracted from soyabean currently can cost upto $5,000 a gram. A more economical process consisting of fermentation for in situ production of β-glucosidase to isolate genistein. They are naturally occurring chemical constituents that may interact with estrogen receptors to produce weak estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects. Because of potential clinical use of genistein as chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic agent it is highly important to produce this isoflavone. The present invention provides an alternate process for the large scale production of genistein by Streptomyces espinosus. Fifty three filamentous bacterial isolates were isolated from total of ten soil sample collected from different sites of Mumbai out of which one colony was found to produce Genistein which could be used for further studies and it was termed as Z. On the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular characterization the isolated strain Z was confirmed as Streptomyces espinosus and the metabolite produced by Streptomyces espinosus was characterized by HPLC, Mass, NMR and IR spectroscopy and confirmed as genistein. Abbreviation: Streptomyces espinosus, Genistein, NMR, HPLC