Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Test of Blanc's law for negative ion mobility in mixtures of SF6 with N2, O2 and air

We have measured the mobility of negative ion species drifting in mixtures of SF6 with N2, O2 and air. The pulsed Townsend experiment was used for this purpose. The conditions of the experiment, high pressures and low values of the reduced electric field, E/N, ensured that the majority species drifting in the gap was , to which the present mobilities are ascribed. The extrapolated, zero field mobilities for several mixture compositions were used to test them successfully with Blanc's law. Moreover, the measured zero field mobilities in air could also be explained in terms of the measured mobilities for this ionic species in N2 and O2.
Micro-force measurements: a new instrument at METAS

We designed and developed a new instrument for calibrating micro-force sensors. The calibration is traceable to the SI unit of mass and is realized from 1 µN–60 mN by means of electromagnetic force compensation of a balance. The expanded measurement uncertainty of our instrument comprises two contributions, an absolute contribution of 0.13 µN and a relative contribution of 2700 ppm. We verified our instrument in a bilateral comparison between METAS and PTB's instruments for forces from 40 µN up to 20 mN. The degrees of equivalence found by the two institutes are in excellent agreement.
GLOBULAR CLUSTERS AND GALAXY HALOS.

Using semipartial correlation coefficients and bootstrap techniques, a study is made of the important features of globular clusters with respect to the total number of galaxy clusters and dependence of specific galaxy cluster on parent galaxy type, cluster radii, luminosity functions and cluster ellipticity. It is shown that the ellipticity of LMC clusters correlates significantly with cluster luminosity functions, but not with cluster age. The cluter luminosity value above which globulars are noticeably flattened may differ by a factor of about 100 from galaxy to galaxy. Both in the Galaxy and in M31 globulars with small core radii have a Gaussian distribution over luminosity, whereas clusters with large core radii do not. In the cluster systems surrounding the Galaxy, M31 and NGC 5128 the mean radii of globular clusters was found to increase with the distance from the nucleus. Central galaxies in rich clusters have much higher values for specific globular cluster frequency than do other cluster ellipticals, suggesting that such central galaxies must already have been different from normal ellipticals at the time they were formed.
Nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in air at atmospheric pressure—the spark regime

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) spark discharges have been studied in atmospheric pressure air preheated to 1000 K. Measurements of spark initiation and stability, plasma dynamics, gas temperature and current–voltage characteristics of the spark regime are presented. Using 10 ns pulses applied repetitively at 30 kHz, we find that 2–400 pulses are required to initiate the spark, depending on the applied voltage. Furthermore, about 30–50 pulses are required for the spark discharge to reach steady state, following initiation. Based on space- and time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy, the spark discharge in steady state is found to ignite homogeneously in the discharge gap, without evidence of an initial streamer. Using measured emission from the N2 (C–B) 0–0 band, it is found that the gas temperature rises by several thousand Kelvin in the span of about 30 ns following the application of the high-voltage pulse. Current–voltage measurements show that up to 20–40 A of conduction current is generated, which corresponds to an electron number density of up to 1015 cm−3 towards the end of the high-voltage pulse. The discharge dynamics, gas temperature and electron number density are consistent with a streamer-less spark that develops homogeneously through avalanche ionization in volume. This occurs because the pre-ionization electron number density of about 1011 cm−3 produced by the high frequency train of pulses is above the critical density for streamer-less discharge development, which is shown to be about 108 cm−3.
ANALISIS DAN MODEL PERAMALAN DATA EKSPOR IMPOR DENGAN METODE GABUNGAN ARIMA – NEURAL NETWORK

Abstrak Model peramalan yang akurat untuk suatu data runtun waktu saat ini masih sulit diperoleh jika datanya kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membuat model peramalan data ekspor impor.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode gabungan ARIMA –Neural Networks. Metode penggabungan ini diduga akan meningkatkan kemampuanNN dalammemodelkanpermasalahanyang kompleks dan meningkatkan akurasi peramalan.Model peramalan yang diperoleh digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai ekspor-impor pada periode berikutnya. Dari data yang ada, model peramalan ARIMA untuk data nilai ekspor adalah ARIMA (1, 1, 12) dengan error 0,968 dan model peramalan NN dengan fungsi aktivasi bipolar sigmoid menghasilkan error 0,180732 sedangkan model NN dengan fungsi aktivasi semilinier menghasilkan error 0,081521. Untuk data nilai impor, diperoleh model ARIMA (0, 1, 0) dengan error 0,971 dan model peramalan NN dengan fungsi aktivasi bipolar sigmoid menghasilkan error 1,437723 sedangkan model NN dengan fungsi aktivasi semilinier menghasilkan error 0,957831. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, akan dibuat model peramalan gabungan ARIMA dan Neural Network dengan fungsi aktivasi semilinier karena memiliki nilai error yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan fungsi aktivasi bipolar sigmoid. Model peramalan gabungan ARIMA NN dengan fungsi aktivasi semilinier ternyata menghasilkan error sebesar 0,046010 untuk data nilai ekspor dan menghasilkan error sebesar 1,081964 untuk data nilai impor. Kata Kunci : P eramalan, R untun W aktu, ARIMA, Neural Network, ARIMA-NN Abstract An accurate forecasting model for a time series data is still difficult to obtain if the data is complex. This study aims to analyze and make the model of import export data forecasting with the combined method ARIMA - Neural Networks. This method is expected to improve NN's ability to complex problems and improve forecasting accuracy. The forecasting model obtained is used to predict the value of import-export in the next period. From the available data, ARIMA forecasting model for export value is ARIMA (1,1,12) with error 0,968 and forecasting model of NN with sigmoid bipolar gives error 0,180732 while NN model with semilinier gives error 0,081521 . For import value, obtained ARIMA (0, 1, 0) model with error 0,971 and forecasting model of NN with sigmoid bipolar gives error 1,437723 while model of NN with semilinier gives error 0,957831. Based on these results, a combined forecasting model of ARIMA and Neural Network with a semilinier activation function will be performed because it has a smaller error value compared to the sigmoid bipolar activation function. The ARIMA- NNforecasting model with the semilinier activation function yield error 0.046010 for the export value data and 1.081964 for the import value data. Keywords : Forecasting, Time Series, ARIMA, Neural Network, ARIMA-NN
Performance and survivability of offshore oscillating water column wave energy converters

This research was performed with a focus on two key aspects of energy cost–reduction for offshore OWC devices; improving the power extraction efficiency and reducing the excess margin in structural safety factors by a better understanding of wave–induced loads on these devices. This study utilised information from three different resources. First, 2D and 3D numerical results from fully nonlinear Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations performed using the commercial code STAR–CCM+ that was validated in good agreement with physical scale model measurements at each stage of increasing complexity during this research. Second, published experiments in the literature for 2D OWC devices subjected to unidirectional regular waves to validate the 2D CFD models of this study. Third, experiments conducted in the towing tank of the Australian Maritime College (AMC) for 3D offshore stationary and floating–moored OWC devices (at a model–scale of 1:50) subjected to unidirectional regular and irregular waves. These experiments were designed to (1) compare the hydrodynamic performance of both devices, (2) estimate wave–induced loads on the fixed device during operating conditions, (3) investigate the survivability of the floating–moored device with intact and damaged mooring systems and (4) validate the 3D CFD models of this study. Using the combined CFD and experimental approach, it was found that optimizing the underwater geometry of an offshore stationary OWC device could significantly improve the power extraction efficiency up to 0.97. However, this efficiency could be reduced due to air compressibility effects at full–scale. The surge motion of the floating–moored device improved device efficiency in regular and irregular waves. Furthermore, the effectiveness of deploying offshore OWC devices in deep–water where waves are more energetic was proven by increasing the extracted pneumatic energy by a maximum of about 7.7 times when wave height was doubled (incident wave energy increased four times). The instantaneous position of the floating–moored OWC device and its interactions with a certain wave train was more important than the maximum wave height in an irregular sea state when assessing device survivability. Survivability with a damaged mooring system was the key analysis for mooring design. For this analysis, using an equivalent design regular wave condition along with the current safety factors recommended for offshore oil and gas platforms was found to over–design the mooring system of the floating OWC device. The good agreement between CFD experiments for survivability analysis with intact and damaged mooring systems in regular waves highlighted that CFD is a very promising tool a designer can employ to investigate and assess device survivability under different conditions upon further validations in irregular waves.
Some remarks on gravitational analogues of magnetic charge

Existing mathematical results are applied to the problem of classifying closed p-forms which are locally constructed from Lorentzian metrics on an n-dimensional orientable manifold M(0<p<n). We show that the only closed, non-exact forms are generated by representatives of cohomology classes of M and (n-1)-forms representing n-dimensional (with n even) generalizations of the conservation of `kink number', which was exhibited by Finkelstein and Misner for n=4. The cohomology class that defines the kink number depends only on the diffeomorphism equivalence class of the metric, but a result of Gilkey implies that there is no representative of this cohomology class which is built from the metric, curvature and covariant derivatives of curvature to any finite order.
Design of high speed synchronous reluctance machine

This thesis describes the work done during the several stages of the design, analyse, manufacture and test of a high speed synchronous reluctance machine capable of delivering 5 kW at 80 krpm. In order to meet such demanding speed requirement, several multi-disciplinary design exercises have been carried out having different aims. First the influences of the speed-dependent limiting factors on the machine performance have been investigated by analytical methodologies. After the preliminary analytical design, the main challenges related with the structural and electromagnetic FE-based design refinements have been identified. A comparative study has been then presented with the purpose of identify the most effective rotor design approach in terms of performance of the final design and computational effort related for its achievement. Once the design strategy has been chosen, the advantages of considering rotor parametrization of increasing complexity are evaluated via a comparative study showing the results of several structural optimizations. This study indicated the optimal geometry to manufacture. Prior to the machine prototyping, the influence of the rotor manufacturing tolerance as well as the thermal limitations on the machine performance have been deeply analysed. Tests carried out on the prototype have essentially validated the proposed design approach. In addition, an investigative study aimed at identifying and understanding the reasons of the found discrepancy between the measured and expected performance is also reported.
Design and technology development of solid breeder blanket cooled by supercritical water in Japan

This paper presents results of conceptual design activities and associated R&D of a solid breeder blanket system for demonstration of power generation fusion reactors (DEMO blanket) cooled by supercritical water. The Fusion Council of Japan developed the long-term research and development programme of the blanket in 1999. To make the fusion DEMO reactor more attractive, a higher thermal efficiency of more than 40% was strongly recommended. To meet this requirement, the design of the DEMO fusion reactor was carried out. In conjunction with the reactor design, a new concept of a solid breeder blanket cooled by supercritical water was proposed and design and technology development of a solid breeder blanket cooled by supercritical water was performed. By thermo-mechanical analyses of the first wall, the tresca stress was evaluated to be 428 MPa, which clears the 3Sm value of F82H. By thermal and nuclear analyses of the breeder layers, it was shown that a net TBR of more than 1.05 can be achieved. By thermal analysis of the supercritical water power plant, it was shown that a thermal efficiency of more than 41% is achievable. The design work included design of the coolant flow pattern for blanket modules, module structure design, thermo-mechanical analysis and neutronics analysis of the blanket module, and analyses of the tritium inventory and permeation. Preliminary integration of the design of a solid breeder blanket cooled by supercritical water was achieved in this study. In parallel with the design activities, engineering R&D was conducted covering all necessary issues, such as development of structural materials, tritium breeding materials, and neutron multiplier materials; neutronics experiments and analyses; and development of the blanket module fabrication technology. Upon developing the fabrication technology for the first wall and box structure, a hot isostatic pressing bonded F82H first wall mock-up with embedded rectangular cooling channels was successfully fabricated. It withstood the high heat flux test at 2.7 MW m−2. Also, a correlation parameter of the Li2TiO3 pebble bed made by the sol–gel method was verified by measurement of the thermal conductivity of the breeder pebble bed, which is one of the most important design data.
Polarization adjustment of incident electromagnetic waves for optimal mode-conversion to electron Bernstein waves

Polarization adjustment of incident transverse electromagnetic waves for optimal mode-conversion to electron Bernstein waves is proposed and analysed. The optimized wave injection excites most efficiently the electrostatic waves at the upper hybrid resonance (UHR) layer. Polarization adjustment is effective for the intermediate range of density gradient near the UHR layer, which has not been covered by the previously proposed schemes of perpendicular injection of X mode for the extremely steep density gradient case and oblique injection of O mode at the optimal injection angle for the gentle gradient case. Various methods of experimental polarization adjustment without detailed information on the density profile are proposed and discussed.
On the solar type III radio burst emission process

The interplanetary type III radio emission has been explained by two qualitatively different nonlinear plasma processes, invoking respectively one- and two-dimensional evolution of plasma wave packets. This paper asks: Is solar coronal type III emission consistent with plasma solitons evolving in one dimension. Although the answer is at best a qualified yes, the theory suggests observational questions that have attracted little attention so far.
Kinetics of N2(A 3Σu+) molecules and ionization mechanisms in the afterglow of a flowing N2 microwave discharge

To gain an understanding of the processes responsible for the formation of the well-known short-lived afterglow (SLA) or pink afterglow of nitrogen, different diagnostic techniques are implemented in the afterglow of a 440 Pa microwave nitrogen discharge in a 3.8 cm diameter flow tube. Using the intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy technique, we measure the space-dependent absolute density of N2(A 3Σu+; v = 0) metastable molecules, as well as their rotational temperature, which in fact corresponds to the gas temperature, Tg. The density of N2(A 3Σu+) molecules is about 5×1017 m-3 at the end of the discharge zone (z = 4 cm). It then continuously decays by almost two orders of magnitude to reach a minimum around z = 12 cm before monotonically increasing to a secondary maximum of 5×1016 m-3 located around z = 19 cm. It then slowly decays at longer distances. The space-dependent N2(B 3Πg) fluorescence intensity evolves in exactly the same way. A simple kinetic model is developed and we conclude that metastable molecules are locally formed in the SLA and not carried to this region by the gas flow. Contributions to the creation of N2(A 3Σu+) molecules from N-N atom recombination, as well as from high vibrational levels of the ground-state N2(X, v) molecules are analysed. To account for the high density of N2(A 3Σu+) molecules, despite the (2-3) ×1021 m-3 density of N atoms in the afterglow, we propose that N(2P) metastable atoms, resulting from the efficient quenching of N2(A 3Σu+) molecules by N(4S) atoms, react immediately with vibrationally excited N2(X 1Σg+; v''⩾10) molecules to again form N2(A 3Σu+) molecules. The absolute electron density in the SLA was also measured by microwave interferometry. Its axial dependence also shows a pronounced minimum at z = 12 cm before reaching a maximum of 6×1015 m-3 at z = 19 cm. The possible processes for this local ionization, in the absence of any electric field, could be binary collisions of the electronically excited molecules, and/or of the vibrationally excited ground-state molecules in v''⩾30 levels.
Concentration Measurement of Microliter-Volume Water–Glucose Solutions Using $Q$ Factor of Microwave Sensors

A glucose concentration sensor for microliter-volume water–glucose solutions is presented. The proposed sensor is composed of an open-loop microstrip resonator with a dielectric liquid holder (5–25-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> volume) glued onto the gap between the line ends. The resonator is coupled to two microstrip lines forming a two-port network whose S-parameter response provide information about the dielectric properties of the liquid under study. Three versions of the sensor at resonant frequencies between 2 and 7 GHz are presented. The sensors are assessed by measuring the complex permittivity of standard liquids reported in the scientific literature. Models of the sensors are presented, which properly match the experimental results. This paper presents an experimental study of the sensors as glucose concentration retrievers. The main novelty is the use of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> factor and the maximum S21 of the resonance as sensing magnitudes. The dependence of these parameters on the glucose concentration of the solutions obeys almost linear relationships. Good sensitivities have been obtained for the proposed sensors, which are coherent with previous works by other authors.
Generalised cyclidic nets for shape modelling in architecture

The aim of this article is to introduce a bottom-up methodology for the modelling of free-form shapes in architecture that meet fabrication constraints. To this day, two frameworks are commonly used for surface modelling in architecture: non-uniform rational basis spline modelling and mesh-based approaches. The authors propose an alternative framework called generalised cyclidic nets that automatically yield optimal geometrical properties for the envelope and the structural layout, like the covering with planar quadrilaterals or hexagons. This framework uses a base circular mesh and Dupin cyclides, which are natural objects of the geometry of circles in space, also known as Möbius geometry. This article illustrates how complex curved shapes can be generated from generalised cyclidic nets. It addresses the extension of cyclidic nets to arbitrary topologies with the implementation of a ‘hole-filling’ strategy and also demonstrates that this framework gives a simple method to generate corrugated shells.
LET IT CLICK WITH THE BRICK GAINING INSIGHTS THROUGH LEGO SERIOUS PLAY AS A BRAND RESEARCH TOOL

Abstract The thesis at hand has the aim to find out if the management method LEGO SERIOUS PLAY (LSP) is applicable for brand research. Secondary literature is reviewed to detect current applications of the method in marketing and branding. Additionally, LSP facilitators are interviewed as experts to investigate the potential of the method for application in marketing and brand research, as well as identifying success factors of the method. Moreover, workshops are performed examining two variations of LSP using different bricks, as well as the comparison method Free Expression Drawing (FED) to find out if brand associations can be created to determine the brand image of a company. The thesis starts with defining the terms brand research, brand research tools, and LSP and continues with a description of the methodology and course of investigation. The results of the literature review and the expert interviews are illustrated showing current applications of LSP in marketing and brand research. Furthermore, a scoring model is introduced to evaluate the suitability of LSP for brand research combining the key findings of the workshops and additional factors. In the discussion the results are interpreted, limitations of the conducted research are illustrated and implications for further research are given. The conclusion of the conducted research is that LSP is suitable to investigate the brand image of a company but the drawbacks of the method need to be considered.
Pattern-Sensitive Loanword Estimation for Thai Text Clustering

Writing style and language usage vary depending on the purpose of the writers and change the readability. A good assessment of text readability helps readers find suitable texts with less effort. In the Thai language, text readability assessment is one of the challenging tasks in natural language processing, because the Thai texts are not segmented by words and have only ambiguous boundary markers for word and sentence segmentation. Furthermore, loanwords, words borrowed from other languages such as Pali and Sanskrit, play important roles in text readability. In this paper, we propose a method to cluster Thai texts according to their readability by detecting loanwords that can be used as features. First, loanwords in Thai are categorized into 7 types as different patterns. Then the set of loanword patterns is employed to detect those patterns in the set of documents retrieved from the search engine. The experimental result shows that the detection of the Thai words that are loaned not only from Pali but also from Sanskrit achieved the highest F-measure up to 100 and 98.29 % accuracy.
Supportive counseling for postpartum depression in Asian mothers

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to describe the role of supportive counseling for postpartum depression (PPD) in an Asian population and explore the treatment outcomes of supportive counseling with and without antidepressants. Oral antidepressants remain the mainstay treatment in depression. However in postpartum depression, mothers are often concerned about breastfeeding and the effects of medication on the developing child. For mothers willing to take antidepressants, the class of antidepressant more efficacious for postpartum depression still remains unclear. Non‐pharmacological treatments appear to have an important role in recent studies.