Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 1. Language control in the context of L3 acquisition: The centrality of individual differences

Current models of L3 syntactic transfer concern what is transferred during the initial stages. Each delineates a different, and singular, trajectory. From the outset though processes involved in co-opting available syntactic forms and pairing these with novel lexical items admit individual variability. Individual variability challenges the presumption of a single trajectory and so this chapter argues that understanding such variability is core to developing necessary and sufficient models of L3 acquisition. The chapter focuses on language control during L3 speech production as an important source of individual variability. Variability in language control affects speech production in L3 throughout the cycle from communicative intention to overt speech. What changes are needed to the processes of language control, and to the representations subject to their control, so that bilingual speakers may converse in an L3? Speakers must adapt their habits of language control so that they can construct and execute sentence plans in L3. Variability in the nature of such control will affect speech output. Current contexts of L3 use will also affect production in the two prior languages. Adaptive changes in language control induced via the acquisition and use of an L3 also impact on the production processes of the two prior languages. Models of L3 acquisition are ultimately models of multilingual processing.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A REAL CASE OF MULTICELL STORM OVER NORTHEASTERN ARGENTINA

In the late 1980s and early 1990s numerous observational and/or numerical studies (Rotunno et al. 1988, Weisman et al. 1988, Lee et. al. 1992, Johns 1993, Weisman 1993) were dedicated to describe and explain a long-lived mesoconvective structure that takes the form of a 60-200 km long bow-shaped segment of cells that evolves from a unique cell or as a part of a larger scale multicellular convective system (line or MCCs). This type of convective structure is resposible of inducing widespread damaging surface winds in its rear flank. It is worth to mention that the typical morphology of radar echoes associated with this bow structure was first depicted by Fujita (1978). This convective structure preferably evolves within an environment associated with elevated moisture (surface dew-point greater than 20C), moderate to strong CAPE values and with a moderate to strong vertical wind-shear in the lowest 2.5km AGL. A mesoscale convective system, developed during the morning of 19 October, 2000 over the area of Resistencia (27°27’S, 59°03’W), Province of Chaco, Argentina. Satellite images displayed the evolution of this system with a pattern and time length similar to the expected for bow-echoes. Unfortunately, this suspicion could not be strictly confirmed as no radar is available in the Chaco area. The synoptic environment of this event was studied using radiosoundings available at Resistencia, surface data provided by the National Weather Service of Argentina and the NCEP reanalysis data set. Some evidences of typical conditions leading to bow-echo development were present in the environment: a moderate to high CAPE and a vertical wind shear with a high magnitude in the first 2.5km above ground level. Given the phenomena typically produced by these convective systems as severe winds, heavy precipitation and tornadoes, it is of interest to explore the possible formation and evolution of a bow-echo in this region. A simple approach to address this issue is to simulate this real storm case using a mesoscale numerical model.
WukaStore: Scalable, Configurable and Reliable Data Storage on Hybrid Volunteered Cloud and Desktop Systems

In this paper, we propose a hybrid storage framework WukaStore, which offers a scalable, configurable and reliable big data storage service by integrating stable storage (such as Cloud storage or durable storage utilities) and volatile storage (such as idle storage harnessed from desktop PCs over the Internet). By configuring different storage strategies, WukaStore delivers cost-effective storage service to satisfy users’ requirements. We present trace-driven simulations to study the impact of different strategies and how to ensure high availability and durability in WukaStore. We present the prototype implementation of WukaStore based on BitDew, an open source middleware for Big Data management. We conduct performance evaluations to validate the effectiveness of WukaStore, through the deployment of WukaStore in the French Grid'5000 experimental platform. In particular, we also present a case study where WukaStore is deployed in a hybrid environment taking advantage of storage provided by Amazon S3, Dropbox and a local Desktop Grid at the same time. Our evaluation results show that WukaStore provides users with an alternative method to store their big data on hybrid volunteered cloud and desktop systems and to decrease the cost of data storage, while providing great data access performance, scalability as well as reliability.
Fuel Economy of Jeepneys Using 2 % and 5 % CME-Diesel Blends in the Philippines

This study presents the results of drive cycle tests conducted on in-use public utility jeepneys running on 2% (B2), and 5% (B5) by volume Coconut Methyl Ester (CME)-Diesel blends. The tests measured fuel consumption of sample jeepney units on a chassis dynamometer driven following the European ECE1504 Drive Cycle fueled with B2 and B5 CME-Diesel blends. These tests were part of an overall study examining the effects of B2 and B5 blends on the economic operation and fuel economy, measured on-road and in the laboratory, of jeepneys conducted by the University of the Philippines National Center for Transportation Studies (UP NCTS) and UP Vehicle Research and Testing Laboratory (VRTL) for the Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA). Data from the study will be used as an input to deliberations to decide for the introduction of 5% CME-Diesel blend in commercial diesel fuel. The drive cycle tests of seven (7) jeepney units range from about 0.5% to 11% specific fuel consumption (gm/km) improvement for B5 relative to B2 for an overall average SFC improvement of 4.6%. The change in mileage for B5 relative to B2 ranged from -2.40 to +11.91 percent for an overall average improvement of around 3.0%. The mileage results were affected by the observed relative density of B5 with respect to B2 – a lesser B5 density than B2 adversely affects B5 mileage versus B2. Both positive and negative (or “mixed”) relative mileage changes were observed. The amount of fuel economy change when using B5 compared to B2 in jeepneys is thought to also depend on in-use engine conditions and drivetrain configuration. The observed overall better fuel economy of B5 relative to B2 tends to favor a shift to B5 diesel blend implementation.
Cross Lingual Query Dependent Snippet Generation for CLIA

The present paper describes the development of a cross lingual query dependent snippet generation module. It is a language independent module, so it also performs as a multilingual snippet generation module. It is a module of the Cross Lingual Information Access (CLIA) system. This module takes the query and content of each retrieved document and generates a query dependent snippet for each retrieved document. It highlights all the query words that appear in the generated snippet. The snippet generation algorithm is based on the sentence extraction, sentence scoring and sentence ranking. Subjective evaluation has been done to evaluate the output of this module. English snippet got the best evaluation score, i.e., 1 and the overall average evaluation score of 0.71 has been achieved in the scale of 0 to 1. KeywordsSnippet Generation, Cross Lingual, Multilingual, Information Retrieval.
The Response of TLR 3 and IL-1 β Genes Following Exposure to LPS , Poly ( I : C ) , Zymosan in Culture of Gouramy ( Osphronemus gouramy ) Kidney Cells

The aims of the present study are to isolate and characterise structure TLR3 and IL1β gene and evaluate the potential and signaling mechanism following exposure of Polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Zymosan as antigens in gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy). Gouramy kidney cells were stimulated with LPS, Poly I:C and Zymosan. Following incubation at 28°C, relative expression levels of Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were examined at one hour and six hour after treatment. A Real Time Polimerase Chain Reaction approach was utilised to search for the effects of Poly I:C, LPS, and Zymosan exposure to gouramy kidney cells between one hour to six hours after treatment, LPS in kidney cell increased expression of interleukin-1β and downregulated expression of TLR3. Poly (I:C) which is an antigen that responds to antiviral, induces an increase in the transcription both of Toll like receptor 3 and IL-1β. Zymosan in kidney cells increased expression of TLR3 but downregulated expression of IL1β. This study shows that TLR3 was activated not only by Poly I: C but also LPS and Zymosan. However, antigen Poly IC-induced labor IL-1β and TLR3 expressed higher than the antigen LPS and Zymosan, so, this research showed a TLR3 response to Poly I:C is more dominant than Zymosan and LPS. TLR3 in gouramy kidney cell Diah Kusumawaty, Sony Suhandono, I. Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha and Adi Pancoro 1480 Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sc. 41 (3): 1479 1488 (2018) transcript was identified in response to poly I:C, Zymosan, and LPS. These results indicate that TLR3 in gouramy also plays a role for defense against bacterial infection and virus.
Path Planning for Unmanned Vehicles Operating in Time-Varying Flow Fields

Significant fluid medium flows such as strong currents may influence the maximum velocity and energy consumption of unmanned vehicles. Weather forecast reports provide an estimate of the medium flow and can be utilized to generate low-cost paths that exploit medium flow to aid the motion of the vehicle and conserve energy. Conserving energy also has an indirect benefit of extending the range of operation. This paper presents an A* based path planning approach that can handle complex dynamic obstacles and arbitrary cost functions. Traditional admissible heuristics that are based on shortest distance or time are not suitable for this problem as exploiting the medium flow to propel the vehicle forward often requires longer time or distance to reach the goal. We have developed new admissible heuristics for estimating cost-to-go by taking into account flow considerations. The proposed method also selects the start time for commencing the mission by waiting for the favorable medium flow conditions.
Towards Cross-Version Singing Voice Detection

In the field of Music Information Retrieval (MIR), the automated detection of the singing voice within a given music recording constitutes a challenging and important research problem. The goal of this task is to find those segments within a given recording where one or several singers are active. In this study, we investigate the performance of state-of-the-art approaches by considering various music scenarios. First, we validate our singing voice detection system, which incorporates well-known techniques from audio signal processing and machine learning, against a public benchmark. Second, we consider a controlled yet instructive scenario using multiple versions (interpretations by different musicians) of the 24 songs of the cycle “Winterreise” by Franz Schubert. Within this cross-version scenario, which comprises various singers and pianists as well as different recording conditions, we systematically address the following research questions: Is bootstrapping a viable approach for stabilizing the singing voice detection in difficult cases? Can the results be improved by a cross-version fusion approach? Answers to these questions constitute the basis for considering more complex scenarios such as detecting the singing voices in multitimbral orchestral settings including opera recordings.
Geometric Design Characterisation of Ventilated Multi-scale Packaging Used in the South African Pome Fruit Industry

Ventilated corrugated cartons are the primary types of packaging used in export shipment of fresh fruit, including apples and pears. The use of inappropriately ventilated packaging can result in cooling heterogeneity and incidence of physiological disorders during cold chain handling of fresh fruit, and in extreme cases, mechanical damage of packaging and fruit. A survey on the types of ventilated packaging in South Africa showed that eleven different corrugated fibreboard carton designs were used in export handling of pome fruit, with Mk4 and Mk6 cartons accounting for the majority of those used apple (48 %) and pear (57 %), respectively. Each package design type is often used in several dimensional formats to accommodate different fruit sizes and market requirements. Overall, the different carton designs can be classified into ‘Display’ and ‘Telescopic’ packages, with four stacking configurations commonly used to palletise the cartons. Total ventilated area (TVA) per carton varied between 1.92 and 8.81 %. , with average of 3.80 and 4.44 % for display and telescopic designs, respectively. Improper vent positioning on some packages may result in non -alignment of ventilation in stacked pallets, which in turn may alter airf low patterns during forced-air cooling.
THE SANDBLASTER 2 . 0 ARCHITECTURE AND SB 3500 IMPLEMENTATION

The Sandblaster architecture is a high-performance vector architecture targeted at digital signal processing applications. The Sandblaster 1.0 architecture was targeted at implementing the physical layer of 3G wireless standards, with peak data rates of up to 15 Mbps. In this paper, we describe an object code compatible version 2.0 of the Sandblaster architecture, which is targeted at the 4G standards, which have support higher data-rates and more complex algorithms. To achieve the necessary performance to implement 4G standards, the 2.0 version of the architecture extends the 4-MAC Sandblaster 1.0 architecture to a 16-MAC architecture, with accompanying changes in the width of the vector register file. It also introduces new vector operations that are specialized to key algorithms specified in the 4G standards. The architectural enhancements have been implemented in the SB3500 chip fabricated in low power 65nm process technology. The chip is fully functional, provides nearly 30 GMACs of DSP performance at 600MHz and validates the design objectives of the 4G standards.
Application of Hybrid Models to the Design of Ultra Wide Band Self-organizing Networks

—The problem is modeling the operation of a self-organizing network of nodes that operate according to the UWB principle. We propose hybrid systems as a powerful framework to model the rules that lead to the formation of the network and in particular an admission control procedure that is capable to handle both continuous and discrete perturbations. Nodes may adjust their rules of operation based on the perception of the environment by an elected node, serving as the observer that is aware of context, evaluates, and selects one strategy of operation.
MULTI-ATTRIBUTE TAG BASED IMAGE SEARCH BY SOCIAL RE-RANKING

Social media sharing websites like Flickr allow users to annotate images with free tags, which significantly contribute to the development of the web image retrieval and organization. Tag-based image search is an important method to find images contributed by social users in such social websites. However, how to make the top ranked result relevant and with diversity is challenging. In this paper, we propose a social re-ranking system for tag-based image retrieval with the consideration of images relevance and diversity[1]. We aim at re-ranking images according to their visual information, semantic information and social clues. The initial results include images contributed by different social users. Usually each user contributes several images. First we sort these images by inter-user re-ranking. Users that have higher contribution to the given query rank higher. Then we sequentially implement intra-user re-ranking on the ranked users image set, and only the most relevant image from each users image set is selected. These selected images compose the final retrieved results. We build an inverted index structure for the social image dataset to accelerate the searching process.
DEVELOPMENT OF A LIGHTWEIGHT ON-BOARD HYDRAULIC SYSTEM FOR A QUADRUPED ROBOT

This paper presents the development of an on-board power pack for a highly dynamic and lightweight hydraulic quadruped robot called MiniHyQ. It is a torque-controlled quadruped robot able to walk over rough terrain, jump and run. The compact power pack is designed to fit inside MiniHyQ’s torso section. The hydraulic power source is provided by an on-board miniature gear pump, which is driven by a high torque brushless motor. The selection of each appropriate component of power pack is discussed in detail. A step-by-step procedure is proposed which demonstrates how to design of the power pack for a quadruped robot in order to obtain the desired performance. A centralized compact and lightweight manifold design is also presented which works at 20 MPa operating pressure.
GLOBAL STABILITY OF VIRUS DYNAMICS MODEL WITH IMMUNE RESPONSE, CELLULAR INFECTION AND HOLLING TYPE-II

In this paper, we study the effect of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody immune responses on the virus dynamics with both virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell transmissions. The infection rate is given by Holling type-II. We first show that the model is biologically acceptable by showing that the solutions of the model are nonnegative and bounded. We find the equilibria of the model and investigate their global stability analysis. We derive five threshold parameters which fully determine the existence and stability of the five equilibria of the model. The global stability of all equilibria of the model is proven using Lyapunov method and applying LaSalle’s invariance principle. To support our theoretical results we have performed some numerical simulations for the model. The results show the CTL and antibody immune response can control the disease progression.
No . 91-79 p 3 q ICASE OPTIMAL PROCESSOR ASSIGNMENT FOR PIPELINE COMPUTATIONS

The availability of large scale multitasked parallel architectures introduces the following processor assignment problem for pipelined computations. Given a set of tasks and their precedence constraints, along with their experimentally determined individual response times for different processor sizes, find an assignment of processors to tasks. Two objectives interest us: minimal response given a throughput requirement, and maximal throughput given a response time requirement. These assignment problems differ considerably from the classical mapping problem in which several tasks share a processor; instead, we assume that a large number of processors are to be assigned to a relatively small number of tasks. In this paper we develop efficient assignment algorithms for different classes of task structures. For a p processor system and a series-parallel precedence graph with n constituent tasks, we provide an O(np 2) algorithm that finds the optimal assignment for the response time optimization problem; we find the assignment optimizing the constrained throughput in O(np21ogp) time. Special cases of linear, independent, and tree graphs are also considered. In addition, we also examine more efficient algorithms when certain restrictions are placed on the problem parameters. Our techniques are applied to a task system in computer vision. *Research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under NASA Contract No. NAS1-18605 while the author was in residence at the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23665-5225.
Mutual Illumination and Color Constancy

Mutual illumination is the phenomenon in which the light successively bounces on different surfaces of a scene before hitting the retina (or acquisition sensors), so that the color stimulus that hits the sensor is not only a function of the physical properties of the surface from which it is coming, but also of the neighboring surfaces. Since this mutual information has been shown to improve classical computational color constancy algorithms, in this study, we propose to check if it can also improve human color constancy. Our idea is to ask observers to look at colored papers (through one aperture) under unknown light conditions and to name the color of this paper using the elementary color naming method. Two geometric conditions were tested and compared: flattened paper and folded paper where mutual reflections appear between the two paper sides (self-reflections). The experimental results clearly show that the observers do much better in estimating the color of the papers with mutual reflections than without. This is an experimental proof that mutual illumination helps in human color constancy.
Toward Lateral Aerial Grasping & Manipulation Using Scalable Suction

This paper is an initial step toward the realization of an aerial robot that can perform lateral physical work, such as drilling a hole or fastening a screw in a wall. Aerial robots are capable of high maneuverability and can provide access to locations that would be difficult or impossible for ground-based robots to reach. However, to fully utilize this mobility, systems would ideally be able to perform functional work in those locations, requiring the ability to exert lateral forces. To substantially improve a hovering vehicle’s ability to stably deliver large lateral forces, we propose the use of a versatile suction-based gripper that can establish pulling contact on featureless surfaces. Such contact enables access to environmental forces that can be used to further stabilize the vehicle and also increase the lateral force delivered to the surface through a possible secondary mechanism. This paper introduces the concept, describes the design of a new self-sealing suction cup based on a previous design, details the design of a gripper using those cups, and describes the arm and flight vehicle. It then evaluates the cup and gripper performance in several ways, culminating in physical grasping demonstrations using the arm and gripper, including one in the presence of simulated flight noise based on data from preliminary indoor flight experiments.
ONE-DIMENSIONAL HEAT TRANSFER IN A CONVECTION-TIP RECTANGULAR THIN FIN : A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Among various numerical solution techniques, finite element method (FEM) and differential quadrature method (DQM) are two important of those. Usually elements are sub-divided uniformly in FEM (conventional FEM, CFEM) to obtain temperature distribution behavior in a fin. Hence, extra computational complexity is needed to obtain a fair solution with required accuracy. In this paper, non-uniform sub-elements are considered for FEM (efficient FEM, EFEM) solution to reduce the computational complexity. Then EFEM is applied for the solution of one-dimensional heat transfer problem in an convection-tip thin rectangular fin. The obtained results are compared with CFEM and efficient DQM (EDQM, with non-uniform mesh generation). It is found that the EFEM exhibits approximately 100% and 99% accuracy compared to CFEM and EDQM respectively showing its potentiality.
A biased random-key genetic algorithm for a network pricing problem

Reducing the problems related to transportation networks has challenged researchers from several areas. There are many attempts in solving the different combinatorial network flow problems that arise in this context. In this work, we investigate the problem of applying tolls on some arcs of road networks. The problem of defining tariffs for a given subset of the arcs, maximizing revenue when users take the least cost path, is known as a network pricing problem. In this work we apply a biased random-key genetic algorithm for large instances of this problem. The experimental results reported show that the algorithm found good solutions for large instances in a short time.