Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Adolescent Physical Activity Levels and Their Relationship with Body Image and Nutritional Habits

The main objective of this research article was to make a cluster analysis in Compulsory Secondary Education students with regard to their physical activity levels, their relationship with nutritional habits and body perception. In this study, a total of 1089 students participated, to whom a battery of tests was given in order to assess three aspects: levels of physical activity, food consumption habits and perception of body image. The main results indicated that the adolescent sample presented high levels of physical activity in comparison with other studies. In addition, a profile analysis was carried out, showing that there were no differences in physical activity, in nutritional habits or in body-image index. Taking into account gender, women who practice light physical activity had better nutritional habits. On the other hand, boys dominated in the group of moderate-to-high physical activity, while the girls were mainly included in the profile of low physical activity. Finally, body-image index was greater in men than women. It was concluded that is necessary to promote the importance of adequate nutritional habits in addition to physical activity, and it is necessary to promote body image, particularly among adolescent girls, given their low values of physical activity and worse body-image perception in relation to boys.
Effects of Growth Stage on the Characterization of Enterotoxin A-Producing Staphylococcus aureus-Derived Membrane Vesicles

Virulence factors, such as staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), are contained within membrane vesicles (MVs) in the cell membrane of Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, the effects of the growth stage on quantitative and qualitative changes in the components contained in the MVs of S. aureus SEA-producing strains were examined. Changes in the expression levels of S. aureus genes were examined at each growth stage; phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) gene reached a maximum after 8 h, and the expression of cell membrane-related genes was decreased after 6 h. Based on these gene expression patterns, MVs were prepared at 6, 17, and 24 h. The particle size of MVs did not change depending on the growth stage. MVs prepared after culture for 17 h maintained their particle size when stored at 23 °C. The amount of SEA in the culture supernatant and MVs were not correlated. Bifunctional autolysin, a protein involved in cell wall biosynthesis/degradation, was increased in MVs at 17 h. The expression pattern of inflammation-related genes in human adult low calcium high temperature (HaCaT) cells induced by MVs was different for each growth stage. The inclusion components of S. aureus-derived MVs are selective, depend on the stage of growth, and may play an important role in toxicity.
Viscous Dissipation Effect on Streamwise Entropy Generation of Nanofluid Flow in Microchannel Heat Sinks

The effects of viscous dissipation on the entropy generation of water–alumina nanofluid convection in circular microchannels subjected to exponential wall heat flux are investigated. Closed-form solutions of the temperature distributions in the streamwise direction are obtained for the models with and without viscous dissipation term in the energy equation. The two models are compared by analyzing their relative deviations in entropy generation for different Reynolds numbers and nanoparticle volume fractions. The incorporation of viscous dissipation prominently affects the temperature distribution and consequently the entropy generation. When the viscous dissipation effect is neglected, the total entropy generation and the fluid friction irreversibility are nearly twofold overrated while the heat transfer irreversibility is underestimated significantly. By considering the viscous dissipation effect, the exergetic effectiveness for forced convection of nanofluid in microchannels attenuates with the increasing nanoparticle volume fraction and nanoparticle diameter. The increase in the entropy generation of nanofluid is mainly attributed to the intensification of fluid friction irreversibility. From the aspect of the second-law of thermodynamics, the widespread conjecture that nanofluids possess advantage over pure fluid associated with higher overall effectiveness is invalidated. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4032792]
Analysis The Physical Condition of West Kalimantan Prapon Futsal Athletes

The purpose of this research is this study aims to find out the extent of the physical condition of the preparation of West Kalimantan Prapon futsal athletes in making pre-PON selection so that they can pass the PON event. The sample in this study was athletes Pra PON West Kalimantan consisting of 35 people consisting of 13 men and 22 women. The research method makes the research design using the "One Shot Method" approach, which uses one-time data collection. Data collection techniques use test techniques. The data analysis techniques used in this study used quantitative descriptive statistics by percentage. The results of the data analysis can be concluded: (1) the physical condition factor of abdominal muscle strength and flexibility alone that has excellent average ability. (2). Pushing and pulling power, hand strength, limb strength, togok strength, agility have considerable average ability. (3) The physical components of the explosive power of the limb muscles have less average ability, (4) the physical condition factor of endurance and reaction time has very less ability.
How Hotel Brand Website Contributes to Online Hotel Reservation on Consumer Review Website?

While past research only attempted to investigate the impact of consumer review website characteristics on the hotel reservation behavior, this study incorporated both characteristics of hotel brand website and consumer review website into consideration. Impacts of the two types of websites on reservation behaviors in consumer review websites were examined. The moderating effects of consumer involvement and risk aversion factors were also considered. Three hundred and two respondents from the questionnaire survey were chosen from Bangkok metropolitan population aged 25-60, who experienced with online hotel reservations. The findings show that apart from the review website’s ease of use, information usefulness and price offered, brand website’s information usefulness also has positive impact on consumers’ decisions on the review website. However, brand website’s ease of use discourages the usage of the review website. High-risk aversion consumers tend to use the review websites, while high-involvement consumers pay less intention to the review websites’ information usefulness and are unlikely to use them. These findings will help managers effectively manage and design decision algorithm for their multi-channels of hotel e-commerce. The results explain dynamic, search sequence and interrelationship of current traveler’s behaviors. The source of their hotel search is both consumer review website and hotel brand website.
Knowledge Management Models

The first widely adopted knowledge management (KM) model was the knowledge spiral model, which described how tacit (difficult to articulate) knowledge and explicit (coded or documented) knowledge can be transformed in an organization. While still in use, the original knowledge spiral model has been extended, modified, and subsumed by alternative KM models. The rationale was that a more holistic approach to KM has become necessary as the complex, subjective, and dynamic nature of knowledge became more and more of an issue. Cultural and contextual influences further increased the complexity involved in KM and these factors had to also be taken into account in a model or framework that could situate and explain the key KM concepts and processes. The KM models presented in this entry all attempt to address KM in a holistic and comprehensive manner
Probabilistic Attribute Tree Structured Convolutional Neural Networks for Facial Expression Recognition in the Wild

Very recent work has demonstrated tremendous improvements in facial expression recognition (FER) on laboratory-controlled datasets. However, recognizing facial expressions under in-the-wild conditions still remains challenging, especially on unseen subjects due to high inter-subject variations. In this paper, we propose a novel Probabilistic Attribute Tree Convolutional Neural Network (PAT-CNN) to explicitly deal with large intra-class variations caused by identity-related attributes, e.g., age, race, and gender. Specifically, a PAT module with an associated PAT loss is proposed to learn features in a hierarchical tree structure organized according to identity-related attributes, where the final features are less affected by the attributes. Then, expression-related features are extracted from leaf nodes. Samples are probabilistically assigned to tree nodes at different levels such that expression-related features can be learned from all samples weighted by probabilities. Furthermore, the proposed PAT-CNN can be learned from limited attribute-annotated samples to make the best use of available data. Experimental results on four spontaneous facial expression datasets, i.e., RAF-DB, SFEW, ExpW, and FER-2013, have demonstrated that the proposed PAT-CNN achieves the best performance when compared to state-of-the-art methods by explicitly modeling attributes. Impressively, a single model PAT-CNN achieves the best performance on the SFEW test dataset when compared to the state-of-the-art methods using an ensemble of hundreds of CNNs.
Comparative Impact of Pharmacological Therapies on Cluster Headache Management: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

It is important to find effective and safe pharmacological options for managing cluster headache (CH) because there is limited evidence from studies supporting the general efficacy and safety of pharmacological therapies. This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) analyzed published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments in patients with CH. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched to identify RCTs that evaluated the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for CH. Efficacy outcomes included frequency and duration of attacks, pain-free rate, and the use of rescue agents. Safety outcomes were evaluated based on the number of patients who experienced adverse events. A total of 23 studies were included in the analysis. The frequency of attacks was reduced (mean difference (MD) = −1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.62 to −0.47; p = 0.0004), and the pain-free rate was increased (odds ratio (OR) = 3.89, 95% CI = 2.76–5.48; p < 0.00001) in the pharmacological treatment group, with a lower frequency of rescue agent use than the placebo group. Preventive, acute, and triptan or non-triptan therapies did not show significant differences in efficacy (p > 0.05). In the NMA, different results were shown among the interventions; for example, zolmitriptan 5 mg was more effective than zolmitriptan 10 mg in the pain-free outcome (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.19–0.82; p < 0.05). Pharmacological treatment was shown to be more effective than placebo to manage CH with differences among types of therapies and individual interventions, and it was consistently shown to be associated with the development of adverse events. Thus, individualized therapy approaches should be applied to treat CH in real-world practice.
Salting-Out of DNA Origami Nanostructures by Ammonium Sulfate

DNA origami technology enables the folding of DNA strands into complex nanoscale shapes whose properties and interactions with molecular species often deviate significantly from that of genomic DNA. Here, we investigate the salting-out of different DNA origami shapes by the kosmotropic salt ammonium sulfate that is routinely employed in protein precipitation. We find that centrifugation in the presence of 3 M ammonium sulfate results in notable precipitation of DNA origami nanostructures but not of double-stranded genomic DNA. The precipitated DNA origami nanostructures can be resuspended in ammonium sulfate-free buffer without apparent formation of aggregates or loss of structural integrity. Even though quasi-1D six-helix bundle DNA origami are slightly less susceptible toward salting-out than more compact DNA origami triangles and 24-helix bundles, precipitation and recovery yields appear to be mostly independent of DNA origami shape and superstructure. Exploiting the specificity of ammonium sulfate salting-out for DNA origami nanostructures, we further apply this method to separate DNA origami triangles from genomic DNA fragments in a complex mixture. Our results thus demonstrate the possibility of concentrating and purifying DNA origami nanostructures by ammonium sulfate-induced salting-out.
Realising Data-Centric Scientific Workflows with Provenance-Capturing on Data Lakes

Abstract Since their introduction by James Dixon in 2010, data lakes get more and more attention, driven by the promise of high reusability of the stored data due to the schema-on-read semantics. Building on this idea, several additional requirements were discussed in literature to improve the general usability of the concept, like a central metadata catalog including all provenance information, an overarching data governance, or the integration with (high-performance) processing capabilities. Although the necessity for a logical and a physical organisation of data lakes in order to meet those requirements is widely recognized, no concrete guidelines are yet provided. The most common architecture implementing this conceptual organisation is the zone architecture, where data is assigned to a certain zone depending on the degree of processing. This paper discusses how FAIR Digital Objects can be used in a novel approach to organize a data lake based on data types instead of zones, how they can be used to abstract the physical implementation, and how they empower generic and portable processing capabilities based on a provenance-based approach.
New Pharmacological Strategies against Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: The Multifunctional Thiosemicarbazone FA4

A new sigma-2 (σ2) receptor ligand (FA4) was efficiently synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxic, proapoptotic, and antimigratory activity on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) primary cell cultures, which restrained the aggressive and chemoresistant behavior of PDAC. This compound showed relevant antiproliferative activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 0.701 to 0.825 μM. The cytotoxic activity was associated with induction of apoptosis, resulting in apoptotic indexes higher than those observed after exposure to a clinically relevant concentration of the gemcitabine, the first-line drug used against PDAC. Interestingly, FA4 was also able to significantly inhibit the migration rate of both PDAC-1 and PDAC-2 cells in the scratch wound-healing assay. In conclusion, our results support further studies to improve the library of thiosemicarbazones targeting the σ-2 receptor for a deeper understanding of the relationship between the biological activity of these compounds and the development of more efficient anticancer compounds against PDAC.
Visualization of causation in social-ecological systems

In social-ecological systems (SES), where social and ecological processes are intertwined, phenomena are usually complex and involve multiple interdependent causes. Figuring out causal relationships is thus challenging but needed to better understand and then affect or manage such systems. One important and widely used tool to identify and communicate causal relationships is visualization. Here, we present several common visualization types: diagrams of objects and arrows, X-Y plots, and X-Y-Z plots, and discuss them in view of the particular challenges of visualizing causation in complex systems such as SES. We use a simple demonstration model to create and compare exemplary visualizations and add more elaborate examples from the literature. This highlights implicit strengths and limitations of widely used visualization types and facilitates adequate choices when visualizing causation in SES. Thereupon, we recommend further suitable ways to account for complex causation, such as figures with multiple panels, or merging different visualization types in one figure. This provides caveats against oversimplifications. Yet, any single figure can rarely capture all relevant causal relationships in an SES. We therefore need to focus on specific questions, phenomena, or subsystems, and often also on specific causes and effects that shall be visualized. Our recommendations allow for selecting and combining visualizations such that they complement each other, support comprehensive understanding, and do justice to the existing complexity in SES. This lets visualizations realize their potential and play an important role in identifying and communicating causation.
A Single Wavelength Mid-Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy for Noninvasive Glucose Detection Using Machine Learning

According to the International Diabetes Federation, 530 million people worldwide have diabetes, with more than 6.7 million reported deaths in 2021. Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential for individuals with diabetes, and developing noninvasive monitors has been a long-standing aspiration in diabetes management. The ideal method for monitoring diabetes is to obtain the glucose concentration level with a fast, accurate, and pain-free measurement that does not require blood drawing or a surgical operation. Multiple noninvasive glucose detection techniques have been developed, including bio-impedance spectroscopy, electromagnetic sensing, and metabolic heat conformation. Nevertheless, reliability and consistency challenges were reported for these methods due to ambient temperature and environmental condition sensitivity. Among all the noninvasive glucose detection techniques, optical spectroscopy has rapidly advanced. A photoacoustic system has been developed using a single wavelength quantum cascade laser, lasing at a glucose fingerprint of 1080 cm−1 for noninvasive glucose monitoring. The system has been examined using artificial skin phantoms, covering the normal and hyperglycemia blood glucose ranges. The detection sensitivity of the system has been improved to ±25 mg/dL using a single wavelength for the entire range of blood glucose. Machine learning has been employed to detect glucose levels using photoacoustic spectroscopy in skin samples. Ensemble machine learning models have been developed to measure glucose concentration using classification techniques. The model has achieved a 90.4% prediction accuracy with 100% of the predicted data located in zones A and B of Clarke’s error grid analysis. This finding fulfills the US Food and Drug Administration requirements for glucose monitors.
Advantages of the Differential Equations for Solving Problems in Mathematical Physics with Symbolic Computation

In this paper, we have introduced the analytical solutions of the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation and the (2+1) dimensional breaking soliton equations with the help of a new Algorithm of first integral method formula two (AFIM), by depending on mathematical software’s. New and more general variety of families of exact solutions have been represented by different structures of 3rd dimension plotting and contouring plotting with different parameters. So, the solution in this research is unique, new and more general. We can apply in computer sciences, mathematical physics, with a different vision, general and Programmable.
Pembaharuan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam di Pondok Pesantren

This study aims to look at the renewal of Islamic educational institutions in the Light-light Nurul Yaqin Islamic Boarding School, which consists of foundations, formal and non-formal institutions. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Sources of data were taken through direct interviews with informants consisting of the Caliph, the Head of the Pondok, Deputy Curriculum for the cottage, the Daily Executive of the El Imraniyah Islamic Development Foundation, and the educators of the Nurul Yaqin Islamic Boarding School. To strengthen the data, researchers also took data through observation and documentation. Overall, the results of the study showed that the renewal of Islamic education in terms of institutions at the Light-light Nurul Yaqin Islamic Boarding School did not experience many changes, but in the formal institutions of Islamic boarding schools officially made the Bustanul Muahaqqiqin and Mudaqqiqin classes which were formerly non-formal institutions, changed their status to the formal institution in 2021 under the name Ma'had Aly.
The Phylodynamic and Spread of the Invasive Asian Malaria Vectors, Anopheles stephensi, in Sudan

Simple Summary Climate change increases the suitability of some environments for the establishment of newly introduced insects and is a major driver for the spread of mosquitoes that transmit diseases. Anopheles stephensi is a disease vector mosquito that transmits malaria and is naturally endemic in Asia. This vector newly emerged in Africa (first report from Djibouti in 2012), where annual malaria infections and deaths are the highest worldwide. This mosquito has different ecology and behavior from previously known malaria vectors in Africa, which makes control difficult for local under-resourced health systems. Considering the capacity of this vector to transmit at least two malaria-causing parasites (Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax), we investigated its distribution and population structure in Sudan and assessed the potential risk of its further spread into neighboring countries. Using morphological and genomic sequencing techniques, we confirmed the presence of Anopheles stephensi along the borders of six countries previously assumed as free, including Chad, Egypt, Eritrea, Libya, Republic of Central Africa, and South Sudan. African countries need to enhance vector surveillance and control services and utilize genomics tools for tracking the dynamics of invasive disease vectors. Abstract Anopheles stephensi is an invasive Asian malaria vector that initially emerged in Africa in 2012 and was reported in Sudan in 2019. We investigated the distribution and population structure of An. stephensi throughout Sudan by using sequencing and molecular tools. We confirmed the presence of An. stephensi in eight border-states, identifying both natural and human-made breeding sites. Our analysis revealed the presence of 20 haplotypes with different distributions per state. This study revealed a countrywide spread of An. stephensi in Sudan, with confirmed presence in borders states with Chad, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Libya, Republic of Central Africa, and South Sudan. Detection of An. stephensi at points of entry with these countries, particularly Chad, Libya, and South Sudan, indicates the rapid previously undetected spread of this invasive vector. Our phylogenetic and haplotype analysis suggested local establishment and evolutionary adaptation of the vector to different ecological and environmental conditions in Sudan. Urgent engagement of the global community is essential to control and prevent further spread into Africa.