Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experiencing and managing nested tensions

Background: In organizations people are faced with difficult choices which creates tensions. Tension may arise as a dispute between two or more people or be more intrinsic in nature. Tensions are often latent and do not cause problems. However, added stress may cause latent tensions to become salient, in which case action is required. A distinction can be made between two type of tensions: nested and singular. Singular tensions can be considered to exist on themselves. In contrast nested tensions are interconnected and may affect each other. While singular tensions have been widely studied little is still known about nested tensions. Objective: The purpose of this study is to explain how tensions become nested and it aims to explain how this affects the way tensions are experienced and individually managed. Method: This is a case study at a Dutch government organization. Data was gathered over the course of four months through interviews and observations. The researcher also attended two dilemma sessions and a framing workshop, both organized by the organization. In this study an openminded approach was employed. This means that no hypotheses were posed up-front and everything was considered possible data. The data was analysed iteratively by going back and forth between data and literature. Findings: Results show how three nested tensions are first experienced through a vicious cycle, where one starts with trying to solve a singular tension and ends up giving up solving anything altogether. Then people go through a virtuous cycle, where they accept the nested tensions and solve it through emotional equanimity, cognitive complexity and differentiation techniques. Three organizational dynamics are identified: a gap to higher management, no room for error, and discouraging change. Tensions are not only nested with one another, but also with organizational dynamics. As a result, organizational dynamics impede rather than foster people’s ability to manage nested tension. Conclusion: Experiencing nested tensions is different from singular tensions. Singular tension are experienced through a vicious or a virtuous cycle. Instead, nested tension are experienced as a process in which both cycles are used in conjunction. Due to organizational dynamics adding to the nested characteristics of tensions it can be difficult and dangerous to manage nested tensions individually. Attempting to do so may cause stress to the individual and harm to the organization. Instead a holistic approach to nested tensions should be used in which the whole organization is included to avoid further anxiety and problems.
ICA-Evolution Based Data Augmentation with Ensemble Deep Neural Networks Using Time and Frequency Kernels for Emotion Recognition from EEG-Data

The aim of this study is to recognize human emotions from electroencephalographic (EEG) signals using deep neural networks. Large training data is an important prerequisite for successful implementation of deep neural networks. In this view, we propose an independent component analysis (ICA) - evolution based data augmentation method. This method performs ICA to extract and accumulate clean independent components (ICs) of each class. The new ICs are generated by selection which uses a fitness function such as mutual information (MI) and crossover in component space. Data augmentation is done by performing mutation, and crossover on generated data in sensor space. Since EEG signals are non-stationary, with time-varying frequency contents, emotional patterns associated with EEG are detected in the time-frequency (TF) domain using a spectrogram. To extract emotion related features from a spectrogram, we train an ensemble convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with convolutional kernels in time and frequency axes. The information integrated over both the axes is concatenated and fed to long short-term memory (LSTM). We used the benchmark DEAP dataset for emotion classification to evaluate our approach. The results highlight the potential of proposed ICA-evolution based data augmentation and an ensemble CNNs with LSTM model for emotion recognition.
Lessons from Bandura’s Bobo Doll Experiments: Leadership’s Deliberate Indifference Exacerbates Workplace Bullying in Higher Education

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply Albert Bandura’s findings of the Bobo Doll experiments to organizational behavior and workplace bullying in higher education. The Bandura social psychological experiments confirm that people who see aggression also need to witness an intervention to aggression to learn that the organization does not welcome aggression in their work environment. Background: By applying the Bandura experiment, the researcher shows how leadership can intervene to stop organizational aggression and abuse. Without leadership intervention, workplace bullying continues in higher education. Methodology: The researcher used a data set of 730 higher education professionals. The central research question: RQ Which personnel, bullied or not bullied, are more likely to report that no intervention was demonstrated in the organization’s response to reports of workplace bullying on campus? A chi-square analysis was used to examine if organizational inaction was more likely to lead to workplace bullying. Contribution: The application of the Bobo Doll experiments confirms that workplace aggression is either curtailed or proliferates based on leadership’s intervention to stop aggression in higher education. This social psychology approach contributes to the literature on workplace bullying in higher education about the need for leadership to intervene and stop bullying behaviors. Findings: Those who reported organizational apathy, that is the “organization did nothing” were more likely to face workplace bullying in higher education at a statistically significant level, . 05 level (χ2 (1, n = 522) = 5.293, P = 0.021). These findings align with Bandura’s theoretical approach that an intervention is needed to curtail aggression and workplace bullying. Recommendations for Practitioners: Organizational leadership should consider 360 evaluations, ombudsmen, and faculty oversight committees to collect data and intervene in workplace bullying problems on campus. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can further examine how leadership engagement and intervention can curtail costly and corrosive workplace bullying in higher education. Impact on Society: These findings confirm that workplace bullying will not just disappear if left unattended. Empirical data confirms that leadership apathy, or deliberate indifference, to interventions only enable aggression and bullying in the workplace. Future Research: Future research projects can include qualitative approaches to discover what values encourage leaders to intervene in workplace bullying.
Optimal randomized path planning for redundant manipulators based on Memory-Goal-Biasing

Planning path rapidly and optimally is one of the key technologies for industrial manipulators. A novel method based on Memory-Goal-Biasing–Rapidly-exploring Random Tree is proposed to solve high-dimensional manipulation planning more rapidly and optimally. The tree extension of Memory-Goal-Biasing–Rapidly-exploring Random Tree can be divided into random extension and goal extension. In the goal extension, the nodes extended to the goal are recorded in a memory, and then the node closest to the goal is selected in the search tree excepting the nodes in the memory for overcoming the local minimum. In order to check collisions efficiently, the manipulator is simplified into several key points, and the obstacle area is appropriately enlarged for safety. Taking the redundant manipulator of Baxter robot as an example, the proposed algorithm is verified through MoveIt! software. The results show that Memory-Goal-Biasing–Rapidly-exploring Random Tree only takes a few seconds for the path planning of the redundant manipulator in some complex environments, and within an acceptable time, its optimization performance is better than that of traditional optimal method in terms of the obtained path costs and the corresponding standard deviation.
Effects of Item Modifications on Test Accessibility for Persistently Low-Performing Students with Disabilities

ABSTRACT Construct-irrelevant cognitive complexity of some items in the statewide grade-level assessments may impose performance barriers for students with disabilities who are ineligible for alternate assessments based on alternate achievement standards. This has spurred research into whether items can be modified to reduce complexity without affecting item construct. This study uses a generalized linear mixed modeling analysis to investigate the effects of item modifications on improving test accessibility by reducing construct-irrelevant cognitive barriers for persistently low-performing fifth-grade students with cognitive disabilities. The results showed item scaffolding was an effective modification for both mathematics and reading. Other modifications, such as bolding/underlining of key words, hindered test performance for low-performing students. We discuss the findings’ potential impact on test development with universal design.
Assessing infant neurocognitive development in resource-poor settings: the example of memory development in the UK and The Gambia

Infants and children in low and middle income countries (LMIC’s) are at increased risk of compromised neurodevelopmental outcomes, due to exposure to a range of environmental risk factors. Neurocognitive research to date has focused almost exclusively on western, industrialised settings. For this reason, there is a lack of knowledge on what constitutes normative neurocognitive development in LMIC’s. By understanding infant development more globally, an opportunity is created which ultimately will enable early intervention, targeting specific risk factors commonly encountered in LMIC settings. This project assesses neurocognitive development in early infancy, with a particular focus on memory functioning. Infants were longitudinally examined in both the UK and in a rural village in The Gambia, West Africa. Assessments were conducted at 1, 5, 8 and 12 months of age using both neuroimaging measures (electroencephalography, functional near infrared spectroscopy) and behavioural methods. Findings across these studies indicate differential developmental trajectories between the two cohorts. Electrophysiological measures indicate an attenuated developmental change in the Gambian cohort between 1 and the 5 months of age. Cortical haemodynamic responses differed between cohorts, in terms of their localisation and magnitude. Behaviourally, higher levels of retention of novel actions were observed in the UK compared to the Gambian cohort. This thesis is part of one of the first projects taking a global perspective on early neurocognitive development, by exploring infants in a previously understudied population. The implementation of novel, objective neuroimaging methods has yielded results indicative of striking differences between the two cohorts. These data will provide a basis for future projects aimed at implementing interventions and thus alleviating some of the global burden of suboptimal neurocognitive development.
Parenting abroad : the acculturation experiences of brazilian immigrants and sojourners

The objective of this study was to investigate and describe the acculturation experiences of Brazilian parents abroad, aiming to understand the challenges and opportunities faced by them in relation to raising their children outside Brazil. Using an online survey, we collected qualitative and quantitative data from 1,168 participants in 48 countries. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, generating categories for challenges and opportunities (Study 1). Challenges mentioned the most were cultural adaptation and social support, and opportunities mentioned the most were schooling and security. In Study 2, Demes and Geeraert (2014) scales for brief psychological and sociocultural adaptation, perceived cultural distance, and acculturation orientation were used, as well as a measure of perceived frequency of challenges and opportunities related to childrearing abroad. Multiple regressions indicated that the frequency of challenges perceived by these parents had as predictors psychological adaptation, educational level, perceived cultural distance, and acculturation orientation towards home country (R = 0.17, p < .001). The perceived frequency of opportunities had as predictors psychological adaptation, acculturation orientation towards host country, perceived cultural distance, and sociocultural adaptation (R = 0.11, p < .001). Results point to a relation between acculturation measures and practical and emotional aspects of the experience of being a parent in another culture. Therefore, this is a contribution to the cross-cultural psychology literature and to the practice of professionals who work with this population.
The Effects of Stress Management Intervention on Freshman Students' Academic Stress and Coping Strategies

This study examined the effects of DEAL-Based intervention on freshman students’ academic stress and coping strategies. A longitudinal design was adopted using quantitative method on the 91 freshman students of Northern Samar. A total of 754 freshman students from the clustered state universities and colleges in the province of Northern Samar were included in the pretest. Among those who participated in the pretest only 296 qualified the inclusion criteria, only 96 students attended the intervention program, and only 91 freshman students completed the post-intervention tests. Academic stress and coping strategies were measured by students stress inventory, and brief coping orientation of problem experienced (Brief COPE). MANOVA was used to determine the significant difference between the pretest and posttest on academic stress and the three coping strategies of the respondents. ANOVA repeated measures was used to determine the significance and the effect of the intervention across 5-time interval pretest and posttest assessments. DEAL-based intervention is very effective in lessening the academic stress of the students including those with severe academic stress. The intervention has positive effects on the coping strategies of the respondents.
Just do it: Engaging in self-control on a daily basis improves the capacity for self-control.

Self-control is considered a crucial capacity that helps people to achieve important objectives in the face of temptation. However, it is unknown to what extent self-control is a stable disposition that is unaffected by how often people engage in self-control, or more like a skill that develops and grows over time. In the present study, we employed an electronic diary to examine how regular engagement in self-control practice affects self-control capacity. A diverse community sample was followed for 4 months while they engaged in daily practice of a self-chosen self-control behavior. Consistent with our hypothesis, regular practice led to an improvement of medium effect size in self-control capacity. Critically, the level of improvement was dependent on the actual times of practice during a specific interval, and largely independent from beliefs about self-control or self-efficacy. We conclude that “just doing” self-control is the underlying mechanism of increased capacity for self-control.
Workplace Mobbing: The Causal Factor of Neurotic Personality and Employees’ Intention to Leave of Selected Private Institutions in South-West, Nigeria.

The survival of any organisation in the modern-day business depends on harmonious relationship among employees charged with the responsibility of achieving organisation objectives. The study examined the impact of workplace mobbing as causal factor of neurotic personality and employees’ intention to leave in South-West, Nigeria. It made use of descriptive survey on the target population made up of lower and middle level non-academic staff of five selected private institutions of higher education in South-West Nigeria with the sample size of 322 respondents. The researchers used primary method of data collection through adapted questionnaire to elicit response on a likert scale coded with numerical values for ease of data analysis. Frequencies and descriptive statistics were used to make inference from data collected. The study found that workplace mobbing had a moderately high impact on neurotic personality and employees’ intention to leave in South-West, Nigeria. It was established from the analysis that workplace mobbing fuelled neuroticism and employees’ intention to leave in the selected private institutions of higher education across the areas of the study.
BROTHERHOOD: An Assessment of the Experiences of Black and Latino Male Engineers at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering

Retention and graduation rates of Black and Latino male students in higher education continue to be an issue. More specifically, Black and Latino male students fall well behind other groups in retention and graduation rates within STEM education broadly, and engineering education specifically. Institutional support specifically designed for Black and Latino males in engineering may assist this population in addressing and overcoming this obstacle. BROTHERHOOD is a student led organization designed to support and encourage the men of color at the University of Pittsburgh, Swanson School of Engineering. This inquiry explored the experiences of current and former Black and Latino BROTHERHOOD leaders. An outcomes assessment was used to assess areas where BROTHERHOOD is succeeding and areas where the organization may improve in addressing the unique needs and challenges of Black and Latino males in the Swanson School of Engineering. The inquiry incorporated a qualitative method using open-ended, semi-structured interview questions. Participants were invited through simple random sampling. Sixteen participants were interviewed, including eight current BROTHERHOOD leaders and eight alumni who were former leaders. Three key findings emerged from this inquiry: 1) BROTHERHOOD provides social and emotional support; 2) BROTHERHOOD leadership fosters student empowerment; and 3) BROTHERHOOD has four areas of improvement. This outcomes assessment may be utilized to support a future program evaluation of BROTHERHOOD to further measure how the specific organizational components assist the participating men of color in their educational, professional, and social experiences as undergraduate engineering students in the Swanson School of Engineering.
An investigation of the relationships among EFL teachers’ perfectionism, reflection and burnout

Abstract The present study was aimed at investigating the relationships among perfectionism, reflection and burnout among Iranian EFL teachers. To this end, 156 Iranian EFL teachers completed a battery of questionnaires, namely Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey and English Language Teaching Reflection Inventory. Data were analyzed through Pearson correlation and multiple regression followed by path analysis. Our results showed that teachers’ reflection was a significant correlate of their burnout with less reflective teachers experiencing more burnout. However, the findings were indicative of no significant relationship between the three aspects of perfectionism and teacher burnout. Further analysis of two path models which were conceptualized and proposed based on our primary findings, revealed a more detailed picture of the multilateral associations among perfectionism, reflection and burnout. Our first model assumed that teachers’ reflection can function as a mediator in the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and burnout. Our second model presupposed that perfectionism components affect reflection positively, and reflection has in turn a negative effect on teachers’ burnout. Results from path analysis showed that both of the proposed models enjoyed acceptable goodness of fit.
Development as a historical component of the United Nations’ crime policy agenda: From social defence to the Millennium Development Goals

This article presents a historical analysis of the intellectual and institutional origins of the international community’s interest in the link between crime and development leading up to the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals in 2000. Drawing on a combination of documentary sources and interviews with long-time international crime policy insiders, it traces this interest back to the United Nations’ social defence agenda which emerged in the aftermath of the Second World War. We situate this agenda in relation to the Western aspiration to advance the Modernization project and reflect on how its shortcomings together with ideological, economic and geopolitical shifts at the international level contributed to the diversification of the United Nations’ crime policy agenda during the 1970s. These conditions collectively influenced the international community’s growing concern with crime as an existential threat to economic development during the 1980s. Our analysis highlights how this framing was reinforced by the rise of transnational organized crime as a threat to global capitalism following the collapse of the Soviet Union. It was against this historical backdrop that the United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention was established to lead the international community’s fight against ‘uncivil society’. We conclude by reflecting on United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention’s tumultuous early years along with the omission of ‘crime’ from the Millennium Development Goals and suggest that these conditions, along with the adoption of the United Nations Conventions Against Transnational Organized Crime and Corruption, set the stage for the organization’s future advocacy for the inclusion of crime in the Sustainable Development Goals.
A Conceptual Approach for Supporting Traffic Data Wrangling Tasks

sandra.sampaio@manchester.ac. uk Data Wrangling (DW) is the subject of growing interest given its potential to improve data quality. DW applies interactive and iterative data proﬁling, cleaning, transformation, integration and visualization operations to improve the quality of data. Several domain independent DW tools have been developed to tackle data quality issues across domains. Using generic data wrangling tools requires a time-consuming and costly DW process often involving advanced IT knowledge beyond the skills set of tra � c analysts. In this paper, we propose a conceptual approach to data wrangling for tra � c data by creating a domain-speciﬁc language for specifying tra � c data wrangling tasks and an abstract set of wrangling operators that serve as the target conceptual construct for mapping domain-speciﬁc wrangling tasks. The conceptual approach discussed in this paper is tool-independent and platform agnostic and can be mapped into speciﬁc implementations of DW functions available in existing scripting languages and tools such as R, Python, Trifacta. Our aim is to enable a typical tra � c analyst without expert Data Science knowledge to be able to perform basic DW