Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SIGNAL MODULATION OF DBD PLASMA ACTUATOR ON FLOW CONTROL AROUND NACA 0015

Effects of DBD plasma actuator driven by six different type modulated signals on flow around NACA 0015 airfoil are experimentally investigated for lift augmentation. One actuator attached to the upside of the airfoil at x/c = 0.1 is used. Force measurement and smoke wire flow visualization are performed in a low speed wind tunnel. For Re= 3.6x10, the actuator is driven with six different signal modulations among which frequency modulation, amplitude modulation, excitation frequency and duty cycle at α = 10°. SM4 including amplitude modulation is indicated to have better performance than the other signal modulations. Signal modulations provide energy savings while generating plasma to increase the lift coefficient. The obtained results indicate that as the dimensionless excitation frequency (F) is 1 at low duty cycle, a better lift coefficient is obtained in comparison with the other F values. For Re= 3x10, the lift coefficient is proportionally increased with driving voltage and frequency due to increasing induced flow at α = 10°. Flow visualization results showed that the separated shear layer at the leading edge gets closer to the (suction) surface of the airfoil by increasing the driving voltage from 6 kVpp to 8 kVpp which confirms the driving voltage effect.
Klinische Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Multicenter-Studie zur Versorgung zahnloser Patienten mit geätzten Implantaten Clinical results with acid-etched implants in edentulous patients : a prospective multicenter study

Zielsetzung der vorliegenden prospektiven Studie war die Evaluation klinscher Parameter von geätzten Implantaten nach einjähriger funktioneller Belastung. Untersucht wurden 135 wi.tal Implantate, die bei 27 zahnlosen Patienten im Ober-und Unterkiefer inseriert wurden. Die Einheilzeit der Implantate im Oberkiefer betrug zwölf Wochen, die im Unterkiefer acht Wochen. Unter Verwendung der Erfolgskriterien nach Buser wurden diese nach definierten Zeitabständen nachuntersucht und klinische Parameter wie mPII, mBI und Taschentiefen erhoben. Die radiologischen Nachuntersuchungen hinsichtlich des periimplantären Knochenabbaus erfolgten an standardisierten Orthopantomogrammen, die postoperativ, bei Belastung, nach sechs und zwölf Monaten angefertigt wurden. Insgesamt wurden 69 Implantate in den Oberkiefer und 66 in den Unterkiefer inseriert. Innerhalb des Nachuntersuchungszeitraumes wurde ein Verlust von drei Implantaten dokumentiert, somit ergab sich eine Erfolgsrate nach zwölf Monaten von 97,7 % für den Oberkiefer und 100 % für den Unterkiefer. Schlussfolgernd ist zu sagen, die Erfolgsraten nach einem Jahr Nachbeobachtung decken sich mit den in der Literatur beschriebenen. Die periimplantären Knochenabbauraten liegen im Bereich etablierter Erfolgskriterien. Weiterführende Untersuchungen sind notwendig, um den Langzeitverlauf beurteilen zu können.
Analysis of Various Types of Bugs in the Object Oriented Java Script Language Coding

Objective: The main goal of this work is to categorize and understand the various types of bugs present in the Object oriented java scripting language. By finding these faults one can find out the nature of faults which causes the run time failure of programs. Methods: There are various types of bugs present in the OOJS environment which needs to be categorized well to understand the nature of fault which has occurred in the OOJS language. By doing so, web pages can be prevented from the functioning failure and can cause the generation of more user flexible environment. Fault Localization is the approach to analyse and detect the place of faults present in the java scripting language. Transductive Support Vector Machine (TSVM) classification algorithm is introduced to categorize the faults into various sub types by classifying them based on types of bugs. This classification is done on the bug report data set which was created by using the fault localization approach. Findings: The experimental test conducted proves that the proposed approach named TSVM based categorization of faults can detect the faults efficiently which can be used further for error detection. The proposed approach improves in its performance in terms of improved accuracy detection by categorizing the faults correctly through which faults present in the programming language can be done efficiently. Conclusion: From the findings it can be concluded that the proposed approach improved in its performance in terms of improved accuracy.
A Soil Quality Assessment within the Iowa River South Fork Watershed Soil & Water

2271 Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 75:2271–2282 Posted online 4 Oct. 2011 doi:10.2136/sssaj2010.0440 Received 30 Nov. 2010. *Corresponding author (diane.stott@ars.usda.gov). © Soil Science Society of America, 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison WI 53711 USA All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher. A Soil Quality Assessment within the Iowa River South Fork Watershed Soil & Water Management & Conservation
Oxidative Stress and Hemostatic Parameters in Patients With Nephrolithiasis Before and After Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy

Purpose In patients with nephrolithiasis, oxidative stress, especially lipid peroxidation is observed. Moreover, various invasive methods [including extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)] for treatment of nephrolithiasis may induce not only the oxidative stress, but they may modulate hemostasis. The study was aimed to evaluate the oxidative damages of lipids and proteins in patients with nephrolithiasis (before and after ureteroscopic lithotripsy – URSL). The aim of the present study was also determine selected parameters of hemostasis in these patients. Methods 56 patients with nephrolithiasis and 49 healthy participants were included: 30 men and 26 women (for patient group); 27 men and 22 women (for healthy group). We measured the level of selected typical two biomarkers of oxidative modification of lipids [such as the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and isoprostane concentration (8-isoPGF2α)] and two biomarkers of oxidative damages of proteins (carbonylation and the level of thiol groups) in patients with nephrolithiasis (before and after URSL). The following parameters of hemostasis were measured: blood platelet count, the level of fibrinogen and D-dimer, and coagulation times (the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) of plasma). Results Different levels of plasma lipid peroxidation were observed in patients with nephrolithiasis before URSL and after URSL. However, no such difference in the level of oxidative damage to plasma proteins was observed. In addition, the tested hemostasis parameters were not influenced by the presence of nephrolithiasis, nor by treatment with URSL. Conclusion We suggest URSL does not induce the oxidative modifications of plasma proteins and does not change hemostatic parameters in patients with nephrolithiasis.
Optimisation of contraflow operations: Model and algorithm

There are two problems associated with contraflow operations, namely, the lane configuration problem and the scheduling problem. The former determines the optimal lane reversing scheme for the operation while the latter decides the start time and the duration of contraflow. In this study, both problems are modelled under one bi-level programming model. The upper level problem gives the optimal lane configuration and schedule by minimising the total travel time of the study area, while the lower level is a traffic simulation model that can capture the response of drivers towards the network changes. A hybrid metaheuristic-traffic simulation methodology is suggested to solve the proposed model. An illustrative case study of Singapore arterial network is adopted as an example to test the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. Results show that by considering these problems simultaneously, an overall optimal solution can be obtained compared with solving the problems individually.
Incremental certification of cloud services

Cloud is becoming fast a critical infrastructure. However, several recent incidents regarding the security of cloud services clearly demonstrate that security rightly remains one of the major concerns of enterprises and the general public regarding the use of the cloud. Despite advancements of research related to cloud security, we are still not in a position to provide a systematic assessment of cloud security based on real operational evidence. As a step towards addressing this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel approach for certifying the security of cloud services. Our approach is based on the incremental certification of security properties for different types of cloud services, including IaaS, PaaS and SaaS services, based on operational evidence from the provision of such services gathered through continuous monitoring. An initial implementation of this approach is presented.
Superimposed Skilled Performance in a Virtual Mirror Improves Motor Performance and Cognitive Representation of a Full Body Motor Action

Feedback is essential for skill acquisition as it helps identifying and correcting performance errors. Nowadays, Virtual Reality can be used as a tool to guide motor learning, and to provide innovative types of augmented feedback that exceed real world opportunities. Concurrent feedback has shown to be especially beneficial for novices. Moreover, watching skilled performances helps novices to acquire a motor skill, and this effect depends on the perspective taken by the observer. To date, however, the impact of watching one's own performance together with full body superimposition of a skilled performance, either from the front or from the side, remains to be explored. Here we used an immersive, state-of-the-art, low-latency cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE), and we asked novices to perform squat movements in front of a virtual mirror. Participants were assigned to one of three concurrent visual feedback groups: participants either watched their own avatar performing full body movements or were presented with the movement of a skilled individual superimposed on their own performance during movement execution, either from a frontal or from a side view. Motor performance and cognitive representation were measured in order to track changes in movement quality as well as motor memory across time. Consistent with our hypotheses, results showed an advantage of the groups that observed their own avatar performing the squat together with the superimposed skilled performance for some of the investigated parameters, depending on perspective. Specifically, for the deepest point of the squat, participants watching the squat from the front adapted their height, while those watching from the side adapted their backward movement. In a control experiment, we ruled out the possibility that the observed improvements were due to the mere fact of performing the squat movements—irrespective of the type of visual feedback. The present findings indicate that it can be beneficial for novices to watch themselves together with a skilled performance during execution, and that improvement depends on the perspective chosen.
“A” for Effort: Rewarding Effortful Retrieval Attempts Improves Learning From General Knowledge Errors in Women

Previous research has shown that the prospect of attaining a reward can promote task-engagement, up-regulate attention toward reward-relevant information, and facilitate enhanced encoding of new information into declarative memory. However, past research on reward-based enhancement of declarative memory has focused primarily on paradigms in which rewards are contingent upon accurate responses. Yet, findings from test-enhanced learning show that making errors can also be useful for learning if those errors represent effortful retrieval attempts and are followed by corrective feedback. Here, we used a challenging general knowledge task to examine the effects of explicitly rewarding retrieval effort, defined as a semantically plausible answer to a question (referenced to a semantic knowledge database www.mangelslab.org/bknorms), regardless of response accuracy. In particular, we asked whether intermittent rewards following effortful incorrect responses facilitated learning from corrective feedback as measured by incidental learning outcomes on a 24–48 h delayed retest. Given that effort-contingent extrinsic rewards represent the intersection between an internal locus of control and competency, we compared participants in this “Effort” group to three other groups in a between-subjects design: a Luck group that framed rewards as related to participant-chosen lottery numbers (reward with internal control, not competence-based), a random Award group that framed rewards as computer generated (no control, not competence-based), and a Control group with no reward, but matched on all other task features. Both men and women in the Effort group showed increased self-reports of concentration and positive feelings following the receipt of rewards, as well as subjective effort on the retest, compared to the Control group. However, only women additionally exhibited performance benefits of effort framing on error correction. These benefits were found for both rewarded and non-rewarded trials, but only for correction of low confidence errors, suggesting that effort-contingent rewards produced task-level changes in motivation to learn less familiar information in women, rather than trial-level influences in encoding or consolidation. The Luck and Award groups did not demonstrate significant motivational or behavioral benefits for either gender. These results suggest that both reward context and gender are important factors contributing to the effectiveness of rewards as tools to enhance learning from errors.
The AT1 Receptor Antagonist Losartan Does Not Affect Depressive-Like State and Memory Impairment Evoked by Chronic Stressors in Rats

The present study investigated the effect of the treatment with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist losartan in the depressive-like state and memory impairment evoked by exposure to either homotypic (i.e., repeated exposure to the same type of stressor) or heterotypic (i.e., exposure to different aversive stimuli) chronic stressors in rats. For this, male Wistar rats were subjected to a 10 days regimen of repeated restraint stress (RRS, homotypic stressor) or chronic variable stress (CVS, heterotypic stressor) while being concurrently treated daily with losartan (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.). Depressive-like state was evaluated by analysis of the alterations considered as markers of depression (decreased sucrose preference and body weight and coat state deterioration), whereas cognitive non-emotional performance was tested using the novel object recognition (NOR) test. Locomotor activity was also evaluated in the open field test. Both RRS and CVS impaired sucrose preference and caused coat state deterioration, whereas only CVS impaired body weight gain. Besides, RRS impaired short-term memory (but not long-term memory) in the NOR test. Neither depressive-like state nor memory impairment evoked by the chronic stressors was affected by the treatment with losartan. Nevertheless, CVS increased the locomotion, which was inhibited by losartan. Taken together, these results provide evidence that the chronic treatment with losartan does not affect the depressive-like state and memory impairment evoked by either homotypic or heterotypic chronic stress regimens in rats.
A Modified mRNA Vaccine Targeting Immunodominant NS Epitopes Protects Against Dengue Virus Infection in HLA Class I Transgenic Mice

Dengue virus (DENV) induces strong T and B cell responses upon infection. Hence, it is difficult to determine the contribution of cell-mediated immunity alone in the long lasting protection against DENV infection and disease. Numerous CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes have been identified, mainly in the non-structural proteins of DENV. Taking into account the immunogenicity and peptide sequence conservation among the different DENV serotypes, a minimal DENV antigen, called DENV1-NS, has been designed. This antigen is enriched in conserved and highly antigenic epitopes located in the NS3, NS4B, and NS5 regions of DENV1. To evaluate the ability of the DENV1-NS poly-epitope to express the antigenic peptides in the context of different HLA class I molecules, we established its in vivo immunogenicity by measuring, after DNA immunization and electroporation, the activation of DENV-specific CD8 T cells in transgenic mice expressing the human HLA-A*0201, -A*2402, -B*0702, and -B*3502 class I alleles. We then engineered a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulated modified mRNA vaccine encoding DENV1-NS and tested immunogenicity and protection in these human HLA class I transgenic mice, after transient blockade of the interferon (IFN) type I receptor. Significant protection was observed, after two injections of the mRNA vaccine. Collectively, these data strongly support the development of T cell-based vaccines targeting immunodominant T cell epitopes that generate potent virus-specific T cell responses conferring immunity against DENV infection.
Role of CYP17 rs743572 Polymorphism in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Multivariate Integrated Analysis

Objective: Many published studies have investigated the association between CYP17 rs743572 polymorphism and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) susceptibility but have yielded inconsistent results. Hence, we performed this meta-analysis using the multivariate statistic method to address a more precise association. Methods: Case-control or cohort studies with adequate genotype distribution or minor allele frequency (MAF) were identified by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to December, 2018. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the association between CYP17 rs743572 polymorphism and BPH susceptibility. Results: Pooled MAFs of 13 studies were 37% in Caucasians and 56% in Orientals, respectively. Pooled results of 8 studies suggested that CYP17 rs743572 was not associated with the BPH susceptibility in the overall population (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.80–1.20 for A2 vs. A1; OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.79–1.25 for A1/A2 vs. A1/A1; OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.62–1.53 for A2/A2 vs. A1/A1). Sensitivity analysis showed the results were robust. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity suggested that, in Orientals, A2 allele carriers had a 28% lower risk of developing BPH compared with A1 allele carriers, and the risk of BPH is 47% lower in A2/A2 genotype carriers compared with A1/A1 genotype carriers. No significant association was observed in Caucasians. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study indicates a negative association between CYP17 and BPH in Orientals. However, due to limited sample size, the conclusion should be interpreted with caution.
Trade-off studies on adaptive filtering algorithms used for adaptive moving target indicators

In this paper, some adaptive algorithms which are improved to keep target signals are applied to AMTI and trade-off studies are conducted to find out the optimum adaptive algorithm for AMTI. Three adaptive algorithms are investigated here: (1) Widrow algorithm, (2) Sequential Regression algorithm and (3) Blocked Lattice algorithm. An experiment to evaluate the performance of each algorithm is carried out using real clutter data. The experimental results show that Blocked Lattice algorithm has high performance in both of clutter suppression effect and stability.
Quantifying and Mapping Atmospheric Potassium Deposition for Soil Ecosystem Services Assessment in the United States

National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) databases are important for quantifying and mapping the contribution of atmospheric deposition to soil provisioning ecosystem services. These databases provide information about the atmospheric deposition of potassium (K+) which is an essential element and component of many fertilizing materials. Atmospheric deposition flows (wet, dry, and total) serve as one input of K+ to soils; however, deposition varies spatially across the United States (U.S.). This study ranked an estimated provisioning value of soil ecosystem services due to atmospheric K+ deposition within the contiguous U.S. by state and region based on the 16-year period from 2000 to 2015. The total provisioning ecosystem value of atmospheric potassium deposition was over $406M (i.e., 406 million U.S. dollars) ($179M wet + $227M dry) per year based on a 5-year moving average of $500 per metric ton of potassium chloride (KCl) fertilizer in the U.S. The highest ranked regions for total value of K+ deposition per year were: 1) West ($86.5M), 2) South Central ($80.4M), and 3) Southeast ($80.2M). The highest ranked states for total value of K+ deposition per year were: 1) Texas ($44.3M), 2) California ($18.3M), and 3) New Mexico ($1.35M). Atmospheric potassium deposition is a source of K which is essential for human health. Given a U.S. population of 325.7 million people (2017), and a recommended daily intake of 4.7 g per person per day of K, it would require at least 1531 metric tons/day of potassium to ensure that every person is able to meet their daily potassium requirement. In terms of monetary value, it will cost nearly $1.5M per day based on a moving 5-year average U.S. price of $500 per metric ton of KCl fertilizer. The results of this study provide a methodology to estimate and map the value of atmospheric potassium deposition for ecosystem services assessments, which can be helpful in conducting nutrient audits at various scales to address the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals.
All Together Now: Modeling the Interaction of Neural With Non-neural Systems Using Organoid Models

The complex development of the human nervous system has been traditionally studied using a combination of animal models, human post-mortem brain tissue, and human genetics studies. However, there has been a lack of experimental human cellular models that would allow for a more precise elucidation of the intricate dynamics of early human brain development. The development of stem cell technologies, both embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), has given neuroscientists access to the previously inaccessible early stages of human brain development. In particular, the recent development of three-dimensional culturing methodologies provides a platform to study the differentiation of stem cells in both normal development and disease states in a more in vivo like context. Three-dimensional neural models or cerebral organoids possess an innate advantage over two-dimensional neural cultures as they can recapitulate tissue organization and cell type diversity that resemble the developing brain. Brain organoids also provide the exciting opportunity to model the integration of different brain regions in vitro. Furthermore, recent advances in the differentiation of non-neuronal tissue from stem cells provides the opportunity to study the interaction between the developing nervous system and other non-neuronal systems that impact neuronal function. In this review, we discuss the potential and limitations of the organoid system to study in vitro neurological diseases that arise in the neuroendocrine and the enteric nervous system or from interactions with the immune system.