Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Low-Molecular-Weight Fraction of Exopolysaccharide II from Sinorhizobium meliloti Is a Crucial Determinant of Bioﬁlm Formation (cid:1)

Sinorhizobium meliloti is a soil bacterium that elicits the formation of root organs called nodules on its host plant, Medicago sativa . Inside these structures, the bacteria are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is then used by the plant as a nitrogen source. The synthesis by S . meliloti of at least one exopolysaccharide, succinoglycan or EPS II, is essential for a successful symbiosis. While exopolysaccharide- deﬁcient mutants induce the formation of nodules, they fail to invade them, and as a result, no nitrogen ﬁxation occurs. Interestingly, the low-molecular-weight fractions of these exopolysaccharides are the symbiotically active forms, and it has been suggested that they act as signals to the host plant to initiate infection thread formation. In this work, we explored the role of these rhizobial exopolysaccharides in bioﬁlm formation and their importance in the symbiotic relationship with the host. We showed that the ExpR/Sin quorum-sensing system controls bioﬁlm formation in S . meliloti through the production of EPS II, which provides the matrix for the development of structured and highly organized bioﬁlms. Moreover, the presence of the low-molecular- weight fraction of EPS II is vital for bioﬁlm formation, both
Psychological Attachment Orientation and Long-Term Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Family Members of ICU Patients

OBJECTIVES: To determine the degree to which an ICU patient’s family member having an “anxious” psychologic attachment orientation is a risk factor for developing long-term posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following patient ICU discharge or death. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Single academic neuroscience ICU from November 2017 to September 2020. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutively enrolled sample of family members, one for each ICU patient with a minimum length of stay of 24 hours. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Near time of ICU discharge or patient death, we determined each participant’s psychologic attachment orientation as anxious versus nonanxious via a brief standard survey tool, the Relationship Questionnaire, and measured other participant and patient characteristics as potential covariates. Six months after discharge or death, each participant completed the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) to measure PTSD symptoms, with a score of greater than 24 indicative of clinically significant symptoms. Among 162 total participants, 10 of 27 participants (37.0%) with an anxious attachment orientation reported 6-month PTSD symptoms, compared with 24 of 135 nonanxious participants (17.8%) (relative risk, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.13–3.84; p = 0.02; risk difference 19.2%). In a subsequent univariate analysis of participant and patient covariates, anxious attachment orientation, participant Hispanic ethnicity, prior experience as a care partner of a patient with a disability, and participation in 3 or more formal ICU family meetings were all associated with 6-month PTSD symptoms. In a multiple logistic regression, anxious attachment remained an independent predictor of 6-month PTSD symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 3.64; 95% CI, 1.35–9.77; p = 0.01), as did Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 4.72; 95% CI, 1.34–16.6; p = 0.01) and participation in three or more ICU family meetings (odds ratio, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.14–7.68; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: An anxious psychologic attachment orientation is associated with double the risk of long-term PTSD symptoms among family members of ICU patients. Future interventions designed to decrease risk of adverse psychologic outcomes among ICU families could be initially tested for efficacy amongst those who fall into this high-risk category.
Different splice variants of ﬁlamin-B affect myogenesis, subcellular distribution, and determine binding to integrin (cid:2) subunits

ntegrins connect the extracellular matrix with the cell interior, and transduce signals through interactions of their cytoplasmic tails with cytoskeletal and signaling proteins. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we isolated a novel splice variant (ﬁlamin-B var-1 ) of the ﬁlamentous actin cross-linking protein, ﬁlamin-B, that interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of the integrin (cid:2) 1A and (cid:2) 1D subunits. RT-PCR analysis showed weak, but wide, expression of ﬁlamin-B var-1 and a similar splice variant of ﬁlamin-A (ﬁl-amin-A var-1 ) in human tissues. Furthermore, alternative splice variants of ﬁlamin-B and ﬁlamin-C, from which the ﬂexible hinge-1 region is deleted ( (cid:3) H1), were induced during in vitro differentiation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts. We show that both ﬁlamin-A var-1 and ﬁlamin-B var-1 bind more strongly than their wild-type isoforms to different integrin (cid:2) subunits. The mere presence of the high-afﬁnity binding site for (cid:2) 1A is not sufﬁcient for targeting the ﬁl-amin-B var-1 construct to focal contacts. Interestingly, the simultaneous deletion of the H1 region is required for the localization of ﬁlamin-B at the tips of actin stress ﬁbers. When expressed in C2C12 cells, ﬁlamin-B var-1 ( (cid:3) H1) accelerates their differentiation into myotubes. Furthermore, ﬁlamin-B variants lacking the H1 region induce the formation of thinner myotubes than those in cells containing variants with this region. These ﬁndings suggest that speciﬁc combinations of ﬁlamin mRNA splicing events modulate the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and the binding afﬁnity for integrins.
Spin systems with an external ﬁeld: a complexity classiﬁcation

We study the computational complexity of approximating the parti- tion function of a q -state spin system with an external ﬁeld. There are just three possible levels of computational diﬃculty, depending on the interaction strengths between adjacent spins: (1) eﬃciently exactly computable, (2) equivalent to the ferromagnetic Ising model, and (3) equivalent to the antiferromagnetic Ising model. Thus, every non-trivial q -state spin system, irrespective of the number q of spins, is computationally equivalent to one of two fundamental 2 -state spin systems.
Superconducting Anisotropies of F-Substituted LaOBiSe 2 Single Crystals

We report the growth and superconducting anisotropy measurement of F-substituted LaOBiSe2 single crystals. The superconducting critical temperature of the single crystal was approximately 3.5 K. The resistivity of the single crystals showed an anomaly at approximately 50 K. The superconducting anisotropies were estimated to be 49 and 24 using the upper critical field and the effective mass model, respectively. The obtained superconducting anisotropies were different between these two approaches.
NDT_A_263702 1767..1775

1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Psychiatry, Seoul W Psychiatric Office, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 5Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Purpose: This study was performed to examine the usefulness of subscores on the MiniMental State Examination (MMSE) for predicting the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Patients and Methods: A total of 306 MCI individuals in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database were included in the study. Standardized clinical and neuropsychological tests were performed at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the MMSE total and subscale scores to predict progression to AD dementia in MCI individuals. Results: The MMSE total score and the MMSE memory, orientation, and construction subscores were inversely associated with AD progression after controlling for all potential confounders; MMSE attention and language subscores were not correlated with AD progression. The MMSE delayed recall score among the MMSE memory subscores and the MMSE time score among the orientation subscores, especially week and day, were inversely associated with AD progression; the MMSE immediate recall and place scores were not correlated with progression. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the MMSE memory, orientation, and construction subscores, which are simple and readily available clinical measures, could provide useful information to predict AD dementia progression in MCI individuals in practical clinical settings.
Deep Learning (DL) approaches in Orthopedics: A Literature Review

In this article, we present the results of a systematic review covering two decades of articles in which the authors describe the application of deep learning techniques and methods to a problem or purpose in surgery. By browsing the Scopus and Medline databases, we searched, filtered and analyzed the content of 30 journal articles and encoded these resources using the recursive root theory method. We report summarizing the content of the article based on the main deep learning techniques discussed in the field of Plastic Surgery Applications, Resource Quality and Predictive Performance.
Attosecond Metrology with Controlled Light Waveforms

The electric field oscillations of visible light change their sign about 10(15) limes per second, and, therefore, the field strength changes from zero to maximum in less than a femtosecond (10(-15) s). By precisely controlling these oscillations within a very short laser pulse, we were able to demonstrate an apparatus capable of measuring atomic processes with an accuracy of approximately 100 attoseconds (10(-18) s). A controlled, intense 5-femtosecond laser pulse is used to create a 250-attosecond x-ray pulse that triggers the atomic process. The electric field oscillations of the same laser pulse are used to probe the time structure of the process. This measuring technique allows for the tracing of very fast processes in the electron shells of atoms for the first time.
OP-CBIO120355 149..159

Motivation: Analyzing data from multi-platform genomics experiments combined with patients’ clinical outcomes helps us understand the complex biological processes that characterize a disease, as well as how these processes relate to the development of the disease. Current data integration approaches are limited in that they do not consider the fundamental biological relationships that exist among the data obtained from different platforms. Statistical Model: We propose an integrative Bayesian analysis of genomics data (iBAG) framework for identifying important genes/ biomarkers that are associated with clinical outcome. This framework uses hierarchical modeling to combine the data obtained from multiple platforms into one model. Results: We assess the performance of our methods using several synthetic and real examples. Simulations show our integrative methods to have higher power to detect disease-related genes than non-integrative methods. Using the Cancer Genome Atlas glioblastoma dataset, we apply the iBAG model to integrate gene expression and methylation data to study their associations with patient survival. Our proposed method discovers multiple methylation-regulated genes that are related to patient survival, most of which have important biological functions in other diseases but have not been previously studied in glioblastoma. Availability: http://odin.mdacc. tmc.edu/ vbaladan/. Contact: veera@mdanderson.org Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. Received on May 25, 2012; revised on October 11, 2012; accepted on
Benchmark of gyrokinetic, kinetic MHD and gyrofluid codes for the linear calculation of fast particle driven TAE dynamics

Fast particles in fusion plasmas may drive Alfvén modes unstable leading to fluctuations of the internal electromagnetic fields and potential loss of particles. Such instabilities can have an impact on the performance and the wall-load of machines with burning plasmas such as ITER. A linear benchmark for a toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) is done with 11 participating codes with a broad variation in the physical as well as the numerical models. A reasonable agreement of around 20% has been found for the growth rates. Also, the agreement of the eigenfunctions and mode frequencies is satisfying. However, they are found to depend strongly on the complexity of the used model.
Two ophiolite belts in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt record evolution from the Proto-Tethys to Paleo-Tethys Oceans

ABSTRACT As relics of oceanic lithosphere, ophiolites exposed in the East Kunlun region are crucial for deciphering the evolution from the Proto-Tethys to the Paleo-Tethys. Two ophiolite belts have been recognized in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt: the northern Heishan-Dagele-Qingshuiquan Ophiolite Belt and the southern Muzitag-A’nyemaqen Ophiolite Belt. Most basaltic rocks in the northern ophiolite belt show apparent geochemical features of enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts, with some of suprasubduction zone-type affinity, and probably formed in arc to back-arc settings with ages of 537–406 Ma. Cumulates (wehrlites) and arc-related volcanics in these ophiolite complexes also display a subduction-related signature. However, most basalts in the southern ophiolite belt exhibit characteristics of mid-ocean ridge basalts and plume-related basalts, which are unrelated to subduction zone. The anhydrous troctolite outcrops in the southern belt also support this viewpoint. Statistics of all the available age data for the southern ophiolites indicate two cycles of seafloor spreading or plume activity, which gave rise to two main epochs of magmatic activity at 535–450 Ma and 345–308 Ma, respectively. The northern ophiolite belt recorded the evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean from at least the Early Cambrian to the Late Silurian. Based on geochronological and geochemical comparisons, the southern ophiolite belt shows similarities with the ophiolites in the Longmucuo-Shuanghu suture of Qiangtang on the south, which record the closure of Proto-Tethys Ocean and the opening of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. The spatial and temporal distribution of the two ophiolite belts in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt reveals the long-lived evolution from the Proto-Tethys to Paleo-Tethys system.
Short‐term effects of a large dam decommissioning on biofilm structure and functioning

Aging dams and the rising efforts to restore stream ecosystems are increasing the number of dam decommissioning programs. Although dam decommissioning aims at improving in‐stream habitat, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning in the long term, it might also cause ecological impacts in the short term due to the mobilization of the sediment accumulated in the reservoir. Benthic biofilm in particular can be impaired by episodes of high turbidity and scouring. We conducted a multiple before‐after/control‐impact experiment to assess the effects of the drawdown of a large dam (42 m tall), a first step to its decommissioning, on biofilm structure (biomass and chlorophyll‐a) and functioning (metabolism, nutrient uptake, and organic matter breakdown). Our results show that the reservoir drawdown reduced the autotrophic biofilm biomass (chlorophyll‐a) downstream from the dam, which in turn lowered metabolism. However, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by the biofilm was not affected. Organic matter breakdown was slower below the dam than in nearby undammed reaches before and during drawdown. All drawdown effects quickly disappeared and reaches downstream from the dam approached values found in nearby undammed reaches. Thus, our results indicate that the effects of reservoir drawdown on stream biofilms exist but may be small and disappear rapidly.
Improved population genetics parameters through control for microsatellite stuttering

Molecular markers have drastically changed and improved our understanding of biological processes. In combination with PCR, markers revolutionized the study of all organisms, even tiny insects, and eukaryotic pathogens amongst others. Microsatellite markers were the most prominent and successful ones. Their success started in the early 1990s. They were used for population genetic studies, mapping of genes and genomes, and paternity testing and inference of relatedness. Their popularity is based on some of their characteristics as codominance, the high polymorphism information content, and their ease of isolation (Schlötterer 2004). Still, microsatellites are the marker of choice for a range of non-model organisms as next-generation sequencing technologies produce a huge amount of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), but often at expense of sample size and higher costs.
DOES OPTIMAL CASH HOLDING MATTER IN MAINTAINING AND IMPROVING PROFITABILITY?

Purpose: This study aims to identify optimal cash holding factors and how they impact Pakistani-listed enterprises' profitability. Design/Methods: The trade-off and pecking order theories are investigated to develop hypotheses for testing the cash holding threshold influence on a firm's profitability on 201 selected firms extracted from the Osiris database between 2009 and 2018. Results/ Findings: The findings of the present study indicate that cash holdings, liquidity, financial flexibility, and operating cash flow significantly impact profitability. There is a two-threshold effect between the cash holding ratio and business profitability. The coefficient value is positive but decreases as the cash holdings ratio falls below 5.3%, indicating a non-linear relationship. Originality: The elements affecting the ideal cash holding ratio that Pakistani listed companies must maintain to ensure cash sustainability are examined in this study. Previous studies have focused on the determinants and motivations for cash holding. Still, it has never addressed how much cash a company should keep to achieve long-term profitability or cash independence.
Extension of M-Convexity and L-Convexity to Polyhedral Convex Functions

The concepts of M-convex and L-convex functions were proposed by Murota in 1996 as two mutually conjugate classes of discrete functions over integer lattice points. M/L-convex functions are deeply connected with the well-solvability in nonlinear combinatorial optimization with integer variables. In this paper, we extend the concept of M-convexity and L-convexity to polyhedral convex functions, aiming at clarifying the well-behaved structure in well-solved nonlinear combinatorial optimization problems in real variables. The extended M/L-convexity often appears in nonlinear combinatorial optimization problems with piecewise-linear convex cost. We investigate the structure of polyhedral M-convex and L-convex functions from the dual viewpoint of analysis and combinatorics and provide some properties and characterizations. It is also shown that polyhedral M/L-convex functions have nice conjugacy relationships.
Disseminated Histoplasmosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and Cytomegalovirus Disease in a Renal Transplant Recipient after Infection with SARS-CoV-2

Introduction Infection with SARS-CoV-2 increases the risk of acute graft dysfunction (AGD) in renal transplant recipients (RTR), and the risk of concurrently presenting with opportunistic infections is also increased. There is no current consensus on the management of immunosuppression during SARS-CoV-2 infection in RTR. Case Presentation. A 35-year-old male RTR from a living related donor presented with SARS-CoV-2 infection (January 2021). Two months later, despite alterations to his immunosuppression regimen (tacrolimus (TAC) was reduced by 50%, and the mycophenolic acid (MMF) was suspended with the remission of symptoms), the patient presented with pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumonia due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis, and histoplasmosis (HP). Management was initiated with antituberculosis medications, ganciclovir, antibiotics, and liposomal amphotericin B, and the immunosuppressants were suspended, yet the patient's evolution was catastrophic and the outcome fatal. Conclusion We recommend that in RTR post-COVID-19, the immunosuppression regimen should be gradually reinstated along with strict vigilance in observing for highly prevalent coinfections (TB, HP, and CMV).
The role of management accounting system and organizational culture in mediating the relationship between mutual dependency and environmental uncertainty

This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of the mediating role of management accounting system (Broadscope) and organizational culture on the influence of mutual dependency and environmental uncertainty on managerial performance. The sample was 126 managers of Swamitra Palm Oil Plantation in Riau. The entire population was sampled. The data were processed using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM PLS). The findings in this study are mutual dependency and environmental uncertainty have a positive influence on managerial performance, organizational culture mediates the influence of environmental uncertainty on managerial performance, meanwhile management accounting system (Broadscope) does not mediate the influence of mutual dependency on managerial performance.
Differential Features for Pedestrian Detection: A Taylor Series Perspective

Differential features are popularly used in computer vision tasks, such as object detection. In this paper, we revisit these features from a functional approximation perspective. In particular, we view an image as a 2-D functional and investigate its Taylor series approximation. Differential features are derived from the approximation coefficients and, therefore, are naturally collected for appearance representation. Thus motivated, we propose to use the zeroth-, first-, and second-order differential features for pedestrian detection and call such features Taylor feature transform (TAFT). In practice, the TAFT features are computed by discrete sampling to address scale issues and meanwhile achieve computational efficiency. In addition, orientation insensitivity is handled by using directional versions of differentials. When applied to pedestrian detection, the TAFT is sampled on grid pixels and calculated from multiple channels following previous solutions. In our extensive experiments on the INRIA, Caltech, TUD-Brussel, and KITTI data sets, the TAFT achieves state-of-the-art results. It outperforms all handcrafted features and performs on par with many deep-learning solutions. Moreover, when a low false-positive rate is requested, the TAFT generates results that are better than or comparable to the state-of-the-art deep learning-based methods. Meanwhile, our implementation runs at 33 fps for $640\times 480$ images without GPU, making TAFT favorable in many practical scenarios.