Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perfusion measurement using DCE-MRI: Implications for hyperthermia

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is today the most popular method to assess perfusion in the body. Unfortunately, the technique is mostly used to determine semiquantitative parameters like time to peak enhancement. Perfusion quantification remains challenging using DCE-MRI. The method suffers from two major limitations. First, no standardized imaging technique is available. Secondly, no standard evaluation technique for perfusion quantification has been established which accurately describes the tracer kinetics of available contrast agents. Different imaging techniques using spoiled gradient echo sequences and the basics of the evaluation are presented. To assess perfusion changes due to hyperthermia using DCE-MRI one has to take into account the systematic variation of the arterial input function required for perfusion quantification. Hyperthermia modifies the contrast agent bolus in that a shorter and more highly concentrated bolus appears earlier in the tissue.
The Use of Tree Comparison Metrics

KING, M. 1983. Karyotypic evolution in Gehyra (Gekkonidae: Reptilia). 3. The Gehyra australis complex. Aust. J. Zool. , 31:723-741. KING, M. 1984. Karyotypic evolution in Gehyra (Gekkonidae: Reptilia). 4. Chromosome change and speciation. Genetica, 65: 101-114. KING, M. , AND D. KING. 1977. An additional chromosome race of Phyllodactylus marmoratus (Gray) (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) and its phylogenetic implications. Aust. J. Zool. , 25:667-672. KING, M. , AND R. ROFE. 1976. Karyotypic variation in the Australian gekko Phyllodactylus marmora.tus (Gray) (Gekkonidae: Reptilia). Chromosoma (Berl.), 76:123-150. LYAPUNOVA, E. A. , N. N. VORONTSOV, K. V. KOROBITSYNA, E. Y. IVANITSKAYA, Y. M. BORISOV, L. V. YAKIMENKO, AND V. YEo DOUGAL. 1980. A Robertsonian fan in Ellobius talpinus. Pages 239-248 in Animal genetics and evolution (N. N. Vorontsov and J. M. Van Brink, eds.). Junk, The Hague. MATTHEY, R. R. 1973. The chromosome formulae of eutherian mammals. Pages 530-616 in Cytotaxon-. omy and vertebrate evolution (A. B. Chiarelli and E. Capanna, eds.). Academic Press, New York. PATTON, J. L. 1969. Chromosome evolution in the
Parameter fine-tuning for robots

Fine-tuning the parameters of robots is a time-consuming and costly procedure, so that many commercial robot companies cannot afford to do it and the physical capability of robots is not fully realized. Autotune, a computer procedure that automatically tunes parameters of feedback compensators for robot arms in order to circumvent manual tuning and maximize capability, is outlined. Simulation and test results show that this autotuning is robust and efficient. Some practical implementation issues are discussed. <<ETX>>
A Study on the Effect of Air on the Dynamic Motion of a MEMS Device and Its Shape Optimization

The authors propose a new design concept for controlling the deflection of a micro-membrane with the aid of its thickness distribution for realizing a prescribed design in the MEMS. As an example, the authors treat a micro air pump that comprises a micro-membrane. The membrane is actuated by an electrostatic force. The membrane deflects and thus the deflection is influenced by the air pressure and the electrostatic field. This is a highly complicated system. To find out a proper thickness distribution, the authors use the genetic algorithm that is appropriate to reduce the searching space of solution. Presented as a Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Paper at the ASME/STLE Tribology Conference in Seattle, Washington, October 1–4, 2000
Interfacing circuit for two galloping-based piezoelectric energy harveter

In this paper a nonlinear interfacing circuit is examined to increase the power efficiency of multi galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvester. In the multiple flag structure application, the structure may be composed of many piezoelectric patches and the interfacing circuit becomes more complicated and important. An optimized synchronous electric charge extraction (OSECE) nonlinear technique is introduced to optimize the interfacing circuit. The equivalent circuit of the fluttering flags is introduced and simulated with the interface by using the Matlab and PSIM software. The experiment results show the good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The interfacing circuit design concept can be further used in the multi-piezoelectric patches energy harvesting system.
Genes of Helicobacter pylori Regulated by Attachment to AGS Cells

ABSTRACT Reciprocal interactions between Helicobacter pylori and cells of the gastric epithelium to which it adheres may affect colonization. Changes in gene expression of H. pylori induced by adhesion to AGS gastric cancer cells by coculture were compared to changes in gene expression of H. pylori cultured without AGS cells by using cDNA filter macroarrays. Adhesion was quantitatively verified by confocal microscopy of green fluorescent protein-expressing bacteria. Four experiments showed that 22 and 21 H. pylori genes were consistently up- and down-regulated, respectively. The up-regulated genes included pathogenicity island, motility, outer membrane protein, and translational genes. The σ28 factor antagonist flgM, flgG, the stress response gene, flaA, omp11, and the superoxide dismutase gene (sodB) were down-regulated. The up-regulation of cag3, flgB, tonB, rho, and deaD was confirmed by quantitative PCR, and the up-regulation of lpxD, omp6, secG, fabH, HP1285, HP0222, and HP0836 was confirmed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The down-regulation of flaA, sodB, and HP0874 was confirmed by quantitative PCR, and the down-regulation of omp11 was confirmed by RT-PCR. The alteration of gene expression in H. pylori after adhesion to gastric cells in vitro suggests that changes in motility, outer membrane composition, and stress responses, among other changes, may be involved in gastric colonization.
Super-Resolution Deblurring Algorithm for Generative Adversarial Networks

Image quality improvement has a significant impact on target detection and recognition. Generative Adversarial Nets are inspired by two-person zero-sum game in game theory. It can learn to automatically generate images, which can be conditional learning, a guide to the image generation. In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of motion blur, and propose a method to add the defocused fuzzy kernel and multi-direction motion fuzzy kernel to the training samples, and use the super-resolution anti-network method to exercise blur and carry out the fuzzy image data recorded by the UAV experiment analysis.
SNC-80-induced Preconditioning: Selective Activation of the Mitochondrial Adenosine Triphosphate-gated Potassium Channel

Pharmacologic preconditioning by &dgr;-opioid agonists occurs via activation of an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated potassium channel (IKATP). Opening of mitochondrial IKATP confers pharmacologic preconditioning whereas opening the sarcolemmal IKATP shortens action potential duration and is proarrhythmic. This study investigated whether SNC-80, a selective &dgr;-opioid agonist, is associated with development of ventricular arrhythmia due to activation of IKATP. Rabbit isolated hearts were subjected to 12 min of hypoxia and 40 min of reoxygenation after pretreatment with SNC-80 (1 &mgr;M, n = 6), pinacidil (1.25 &mgr;M, n = 12), or BMS-191095 (6.0 &mgr;M, n = 4). Nine additional hearts served as controls. The cytoprotective effects of SNC-80 at a concentration of 1 &mgr;M were confirmed using 30 min of regional ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) developed in 11 of 12 pinacidil-treated hearts whereas none of the SNC-80-treated (zero of six) hearts developed VF (P < 0.001 compared with pinacidil pretreatment) and zero of four BMS-191095-pretreated hearts developed VF. Similarly, zero of nine control hearts developed VF. SNC-80 reduced infarct size expressed as a percentage of the area at risk from 33 ± 4% to 14 ± 3% (P = 0.004) compared with control. SNC-80, which selectively activates the &dgr;-opioid receptor, provided cytoprotection but did not induce VF after hypoxia reoxygenation. The results indicate that pinacidil-induced nonselective activation of IKATP results in proarrhythmia that is dependent on activation of the sarcolemmal IKATP. Selectivity for the mitochondrial IKATP is necessary to prevent induction of a proarrhythmic state.
Characterization of Antioxidant responses in two Choy Sum cultivars

The effects of light intensity on antioxidant enzymes, concentrations of chlorophylls and carotenoids, physical characteristics were studied in two choy sum (Brassica chinesis var. parachinensis) cultivars, namely Known You (KY) and Autumn Poem (AP). Both cultivars were grown under conditions of 70% and 90% of full sunlight in greenhouses at AVA field station, Sembawang. Both cultivars were harvested 8 days and 18 days after sowing for various studies. Shade plants were taller, and they showed thinner broader leaves than the sun plants at both growth stages. Chlorophyll concentration of shade plants was higher than that of the sun plants; chlorophyll concentration also decreased as the plants became older. Carotenoid concentration was higher in shade plants too, decreasing in the older plants. The sun plants of KY and AP showed increased activities of SOD, APX and total free radical scavenging capacities than the shade plants 8 days after sowing. These parameters increased with age.
Assessment of bone involvement in patients with multiple myeloma using bone densitometry

Abstract: To evaluate the use of dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) in multiple myeloma (MM) we performed a prospective study of 34 patients with newly diagnosed MM. Most patients had advanced disease and all but two patients had osteolytic bone destructions and/or pathological fractures. Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L1–L4) and hip were measured using a Hologic QDR‐1000 scanner. Collapsed vertebrae were not excluded from analysis. Data from 289 healthy Danish volunteers aged 21–79 yr were used for calculation of Z‐scores. Lumbar spine BMC (Z‐score –0.46±0.23, p=0.05) and lumbar spine BMD (Z‐score –0.56±0.23, p=0.02) were significantly reduced in MM patients, whereas no reduction was seen in hip BMC or BMD. Collapsed vertebrae had marked reduced BMD (Z‐score –1.34±0.22, p<0.001), as had non‐fractured vertebrae in the same individuals (Z‐score –1.42±0.25, p<0.001). Lumbar spine BMD correlated with radiologically assessed bone morbidity (r –0.37, p=0.03) and stronger with the incidence of vertebral fractures (r –0.64, p<0.001). Thus, osteopenia of the back is common in multiple myeloma and correlates with an increased incidence of fractures. DXA may identify subjects with increased risk of vertebral fractures for more intensive chemotherapeutic or anti‐resorptive treatment.
The impact of trauma-center care on functional outcomes following major lower-limb trauma.

BACKGROUND Although studies have shown that treatment at a trauma center reduces a patient's risk of dying following major trauma, important questions remain as to the effect of trauma centers on functional outcomes, especially among patients who have sustained major lower-limb trauma. METHODS Domain-specific scores on the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) supplemented by scores on the mobility subscale of the Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (MFA) and the Revised Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-R) were compared among patients treated in eighteen hospitals with a level-I trauma center and fifty-one hospitals without a trauma center. Included in the study were 1389 adults, eighteen to eighty-four years of age, with at least one lower-limb injury with a score of >/=3 points according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). To account for the competing risk of death, we estimated the survivors' average causal effect. Estimates were derived for all patients with a lower-limb injury and separately for a subset of patients without associated injuries of the head or spinal cord. RESULTS For patients with a lower-limb injury resulting from a high-energy force, care at a trauma center yielded modest but clinically meaningful improvements in physical functioning and overall vitality at one year after the injury. After adjustment for differences in case mix and the competing risk of death, the average differences in the SF-36 physical functioning and vitality scores and the MFA mobility score were 7.82 points (95% confidence interval: 2.65, 12.98), 6.80 points (95% confidence interval: 2.53, 11.07), and 6.31 points (95% confidence interval: 0.25, 12.36), respectively. These results were similar when the analysis was restricted to patients without associated injuries to the head or spine. Treatment at a trauma center resulted in negligible differences in outcome for the subset of patients with injuries resulting from low-energy forces. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that patients who sustain high-energy lower-limb trauma benefit from treatment at a level-I trauma center.
Promiscuity of MHC Class Ib-Restricted T Cell Responses 1

Murine infection with the Gram-positive intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes activates CD8+ T cells that recognize bacterially derived N-formyl methionine peptides in the context of H2-M3 MHC class Ib molecules. Three peptides, fMIGWII, fMIVIL, and fMIVTLF, are targets of L. monocytogenes-specific CD8+ T cells. To investigate epitope cross-recognition by H2-M3-restricted CD8+ T cells, we deleted the sequence encoding fMIGWII from a virulent strain of L. monocytogenes. Infection with fMIGWII-deficient L. monocytogenes unexpectedly primed CD8+ T cells that stain with fMIGWII/H2-M3 tetramers and lyse fMIGWII-coated target cells in vivo. Because the fMIGWII sequence is nonredundant, we speculated that other bacterially derived Ags are priming these responses. HPLC peptide fractionation of bacterial culture supernatants revealed several distinct L. monocytogenes-derived peptides that are recognized by fMIGWII-specific T cells. Our results demonstrate that the dominant H2-M3-restricted CD8+ T cell population, although reactive with fMIGWII, is primed by other, non-fMIGWII peptides derived from L. monocytogenes. Although this degree of Ag receptor promiscuity is unusual for the adaptive immune system, it may be a more common feature of T cell responses restricted by nonpolymorphic MHC class Ib molecules.
Human computer interaction for sentiment analysis and opinion mining: A review

Inspite of much emphasis in the field of man machine interface, very little has been established till date. Researchers have studied many ways of communication between man and machine using signals from human beings and machine to help them communicate with each other in an easier way. Brain signal is such an example which can be used on a system for a variety of purposes. This can be useful in the medical, cognitive science as well as technological field in a wider aspect. Therefore, keeping this in mind a system can be implemented which can solve some common problems related to the brain, by dealing with conversion of brain signals into useful formats to solve such problems. There are several approaches to find the sentiment (emotion) from the EEG signals such that machine can interpret the exact or near meaning of the sentiment. Here, we have studied such approaches and showed how these methods could be adopted for further enhancements in this domain.
Application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy to the Study of Protein‐Ligand Interactions a

La spectrometrie infrarouge couplee a la technique de transformation de Fourier permet de mesurer le spectre d'absorption d'une benzodiazepine liee de facon covalente a des lames de microscope en verre, en presence ou en absence d'une proteine receptrice du GABA preparee a partir de tissu d'encephale de Bovin
Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose from Different Fruit and Vegetable Pomaces

A new fractionation process was developed to achieve valorization of fruit and vegetable pomaces. The importance of the residues from fruits and vegetables is still growing; therefore; the study presents the novel route of a fractioning process for the conversion of agro-industrial biomasses, such as pomaces, into useful feedstocks with potential application in the fields of fuels, chemicals, and polymers. Hence, the biorefinery process is expected to convert them into various by-products offering a great diversity of low-cost materials. The final product of the process is the cellulose of the biofuel importance. The study presents the novel route of the fractioning process for the conversion of agro-industrial biomasses, such as pomaces, into useful feedstocks with a potential application in the fields of fuels, chemicals, and polymers. Therefore the aim of this paper was to present the novel route of the pomaces fraction and the characterization of residuals. Pomaces from apple, cucumber, carrot, and tomato were treated sequentially with water, acidic solution, alkali solution, and oxidative reagent in order to obtain fractions reach in sugars, pectic polysaccharides, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Pomaces were characterized by dry matter content, neutral detergent solubles, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Obtained fractions were characterized by the content of pectins expressed as galacturonic acid equivalent and hemicelluloses expressed as a xyloglucan equivalent. The last fraction and residue was cellulose characterized by crystallinity degree by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), microfibril diameter by atomic force microscope (AFM), and overall morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The hemicelluloses content was similar in all pomaces. Moreover, all the materials were characterized by the high pectins level in extracts evaluated as galacturonic acid content. The lignins content compared with other plant biomasses was on a very low level. The cellulose fraction was the highest in cucumber pomace. The cellulose fraction was characterized by crystallinity degree, microfibril diameter, and overall morphology. Isolated cellulose had a very fine structure with relatively high crystalline index but small crystallites.
Endocrine Characteristics of a Miniature Condition in Brahman Cattle: Circulating Concentrations of Some Growth-Related Hormones

Abstract Four miniature Brahman calves born in 1988 and 1989, along with four contemporary sex-matched Brahman control calves, were used in experiments to determine circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH), insulin, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine, and plasma glucose response to insulin challenge. The effect of plane of nutrition on plasma concentrations of IGF-I and insulin was also determined and a clinical screen of blood chemistries was conducted to determine effects of calf type. Plasma IGF-I was six times higher in control calves compared with miniature calves (209.0 vs 35.0 ng/ml; P = 0.001). However, miniature calves had mean plasma GH about six times higher (37.8 vs 6.2 ng/ml; P = 0.004) and had twice as many secretory episodes (9 vs 4.5; P = 0.005) over an 8-hr sampling period. Plasma concentrations of triiodothyronine (2.54 vs 1.80 ng/ml) and thyroxine (88.8 vs 56.2 ng/ml) were higher in control compared with miniature calves (P = 0.001), but concentrations of triiodothyronine and thyroxine in both calf types were within normal ranges. Although miniature calves displayed similar plasma glucose concentrations to controls, hypoglycemic response to insulin challenge tended to be greater in miniature calves. Nutritional regulation of circulating IGF-I appeared to be intact in miniature as well as control calves, as evidenced by a reduction in plasma IGF-I concentration following a decrease in plane of nutrition, and a subsequent increase in plasma IGF-I concentration following realimentation. Serum urea nitrogen was lower (P = 0.02) in control compared with miniature calves. These data describe a miniature condition in Brahman cattle that is manifested by apparently normal proportioned growth but small stature, and that is associated most notably with abnormally low circulating concentrations of IGF-I in the presence of paradoxically high circulating concentrations of GH.
Structural and Functional Characterization of IS679 and IS66-Family Elements

ABSTRACT A new insertion sequence (IS) element, IS679 (2,704 bp in length), has been identified in plasmid pB171 of enteropathogenicEscherichia coli B171. IS679 has imperfect 25-bp terminal inverted repeats (IRs) and three open reading frames (ORFs) (here called tnpA, tnpB, and tnpC). A plasmid carrying a composite transposon (Tn679) with the kanamycin resistance gene flanked by an intact IS679sequence and an IS679 fragment with only IRR (IR on the right) was constructed to clarify the transposition activity of IS679. A transposition assay done with a mating system showed that Tn679 could transpose at a high frequency to the F plasmid derivative used as the target. On transposition, Tn679 duplicated an 8-bp sequence at the target site. Tn679 derivatives with a deletion in each ORF of IS679 did not transpose, finding indicative that all three IS679 ORFs are essential for transposition. ThetnpA and tnpC products appear to have the amino acid sequence motif characteristic of most transposases. A homology search of the databases found that a total of 25 elements homologous to IS679 are present in Agrobacterium, Escherichia, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, and Vibrio spp. , providing evidence that the elements are widespread in gram-negative bacteria. We found that these elements belong to the IS66 family, as do other elements, including nine not previously reported. Almost all of the elements have IRs similar to those in IS679 and, like IS679, most appear to have duplicated an 8-bp sequence at the target site on transposition. These elements have three ORFs corresponding to those in IS679, but many have a mutation(s) in an ORF(s). In almost all of the elements,tnpB is located in the −1 frame relative totnpA, such that the initiation codon of tnpBoverlaps the TGA termination codon of tnpA. In contrast,tnpC, separated from tnpB by a space of ca. 20 bp, is located in any one of three frames relative to tnpB. No common structural features were found around the intergenic regions, indicating that the three ORFs are expressed by translational coupling but not by translational frameshifting.
Rough set model based on fuzzy measure

Rough sets theory (RS) is a new tool for processing fuzzy and uncertain knowledge, and has already been applied to many areas successfully. By analyzing the basic characteristics of rough set, we find that the existing rough set model can't effectively solve data reduction and knowledge discovery with fuzzy feature. In order to improve it, in this paper, we first propose rough sets model based on fuzzy measure (denoted by BF-RS for short), then we analyze the effectiveness of the model through an example. The result indicates BF-RS can not only have the advantages of classical rough set, but also it can solve effectively information processing problem with the fuzzy characteristics, and can be widely used in many fields such as data mining, evidence theory, artificial intelligence and so on.