Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Population history and genome wide association studies of birth weight in a native high altitude Ladakhi population

Pathological low birth weight due to fetal growth restriction (FGR)is an important predictor of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. It is more common amongst native lowlanders when gestating in the hypoxic environment of high altitude, whilst populations who have resided at high altitude for many generations are relatively protected. Genetic study of pregnant populations at high altitude permits exploration of the role of hypoxic in FGR pathogenesis, and perhaps of FGR pathogenesis more broadly. We studied the umbilical cord blood DNA of 316 neonates born to pregnant women managed at the Sonam Norboo Memorial Hospital, Ladakh (altitude 3540m) between February 2017-January 2019. Principal component, admixture and genome wide association studies (GWAS) were applied to dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic data, to explore ancestry and genetic predictors of low birth weight. Our findings support Tibetan ancestry in the Ladakhi population, with subsequent admixture with neighboring Indo-Aryan populations. Fetal growth protection was evident in Ladakhi neonates. Although no variants achieved genome wide significance, we observed nominal association of seven variants across genes (ZBTB38, ZFP36L2, HMGA2, CDKAL1, PLCG1) previously associated with birthweight.
HYPOCHOLESTERAEMIC POTENTIAL OF A Lactobacillus species ISOLATED FROM HOUSEHOLD CURD Biology

Probiotics, which are known to bring about their beneficial effects by promoting intestinal integrity, are in- creasingly being used in nutraceuticals and functional foods. With cardiovascular diseases, contributing to a major proportion of the lifestyle diseases, probiotics targeting cardiovascular health are expected to be of great de- mand in the coming years. Most of the probiotic strains currently available in our market are of non-indigenous origins. However, the effectiveness of probiotic microorganism is often population specific due to the variations in food habits, gut microflora and host microbial interactions. Hence there is a strong need for exploring the probiotic potential of indigenous microbes. In this work, lactic acid bacteria isolated from a house- hold curd sample was biochemically charac- terized, identified and assessed for their cholesterol assimilation potential and Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in vitro. Characterization results were suggestive of the isolate to be Lactobacillus acidophilus. The isolate was found to possess remarkable BSH activity and assimilate 47% cholesterol within 24h. The findings obtained in this work indicate that there is ample scope for exploring the other probiotic attributes of the isolate.
A transportation network model with intelligent probabilistic travel times and two hybrid algorithms

Abstract A main component of a transportation network is travel time or distance. Due to stochastic events such as accidents and failures in roads, a deterministic estimation of the travel time between two cities or regions is impossible. Also, on special occasions like holidays, with increase in the traveling population in the transportation network, probabilities of occurrence of these events increase. The increase in traveling population has a direct effect on the estimation of travel times and subsequently on the decision-making process. Therefore, provision of an appropriate model for the intelligent probabilistic travel times to distribute the population in a transportation network is a practical necessity. Here, we study a capacitated location-multi allocation-routing problem with intelligent probabilistic travel times. In our study, the concept of intelligent probabilistic travel times incurs two issues: (1) consideration of some random factors in computing the travel times and (2) impact of the traveling population on these random factors simultaneously. Here, we consider three random factors of the time spent in traffic, the number of accidents and the number of road failures. It is assumed that server nodes and arcs have limited capacities for accepting the population. After proposing a function for computing the intelligent probabilistic travel time, we first formulate the problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model, and then suitably transform it into a mixed-integer linear programming one. Our aim is to determine appropriate server locations among the candidate locations, allocate the existing population in each demand node to server locations, and find the movement path of each member to reach its corresponding server with respect to the simultaneous change of the probabilistic travel times so that the expected total transportation time is minimized. For small problems, the model is efficiently solvable by the CPLEX software package. For large problems, two solution approaches, a heuristic algorithm incorporating genetic algorithm and local search, and an evolutionary simulated annealing algorithm, are proposed. Comparative numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed probabilistic model and the proposed algorithms.
Training zur Optimierung der Dosierung exzentrischer Muskelaktivität

Zusammenfassung Der alpine Skirennsport ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wahrend der aktiven Schwungphase die Beinmuskulatur vorwiegend exzentrisch (bremsend) arbeitet. Mit dem «Eccentric-Trainer», einem Trainingsgerat in Form eines Liegevelos, besteht die Moglichkeit, die exzentrische Muskelleistungsfahigkeit sowohl quantitativ als auch qualitativ zu verbessern. Von einem Motor angetriebene Pedale werden dabei vom trainierenden Athleten exzentrisch so gebremst, dass die Bremsleistung mit der Belastungsvorgabe ubereinstimmt. Eine prazise Dosierung der Bremsleistung stellt hohe koordinative Anforderungen an den ungeubten Athleten. Werden mannliche Elite-Skiathleten ohne vorherige Ubungsgewohnung wahrend 20 min auf dem «Eccentric-Trainer» belastet, finden wir einen signifikanten Zusammenhang zwischen der Dosierfahigkeit des exzentrischen Muskeleinsatzes und der Slalomleistungsfahigkeit. Schon nach einer zweiten Trainingseinheit verbessert sich bei allen 11 getesteten Athleten die Dosierfahigkeit des exzentrischen Muskeleinsatzes um mehr als 10%. Diese Untersuchung weist darauf hin, dass neben einer hohen exzentrischen Kraftfahigkeit die Qualitat des exzentrischen Muskeleinsatzes von leistungsbestimmender Bedeutung bei Ski-Alpin-Athleten sein kann. Der «Eccentric-Trainer» ermoglicht, die Dosierung des exzentrischen Muskeleinsatzes zu trainieren. Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur «Sportmedizin und Sporttraumatologie» 51 (4), 188‐191, 2003 Summary Competitive alpine skiing is characterized by a dominance of eccentric muscle action. Eccentric muscle performance can be trained quantitatively as well as qualitatively on a newly developed eccentric cycle-ergometer («Eccentric-Trainer»). Motor driven pedals must be braked by an exercising subject in a way that the development of their eccentric leg force equals a given target load. A precise dosage of eccentric muscle action poses high coordinative demands to non-familiarized subjects. Eleven men elite skiers performed a 20 min single bout exercise program on the «Eccentric-Trainer». We found a significant relationship between the dosage of eccentric muscle action and ski specific performance. When repeating the exercise session a second time some days later, the dosage of eccentric muscle action was improved significantly by more than 10%. Our study shows that the quality of eccentric muscle action can be a determinant of specific performance in alpine skiers. The «Eccentric-Trainer» allows training of the dosage of eccentric muscle action.
ANALYZING LONG-TERM CHANGES IN VEGETATION WITH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AND REMOTELY SENSED DATA

Geographic information systems and remote sensing techniques are powerful tools i n the analysis of long-term changes in vegetation and land use, especially because s p a t i a l information from two or more time intervals can be compared more readily than by manual methods. A primary restriction i s the paucity of data that has been digitized from earlier periods. The I l l i n o i s State Geographic Information System has a number of automated data s e t s containing land-use information, including original land survey plat maps that show the boundaries of forests,prairies, and wetlands as they existed prior t o European colonization i n the early 1800s. More recent data include the United States Forest Service inventories of 1948, 1962, and 1985; the United States Geological Survey Land Use Data Analysis; National High Altitude Program photographs of vegetation; and Landsat MSS and TM information. These data can be used t o compare vegetation patterns and changes i n land use over time and to suggest factors that may have caused or influenced these variations. Profound changes have occurred i n the Illinois landscape since European settlement, primarily because of conversion t o agricultural use; i n certain parts of the state, however, urbanization has been the major factor contributing t o changes.
HOW FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND URBANIZATION AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT OF INDONESIA

This study is an attempt to analyze the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), economic growth, and environmental pollution and agricultural land in Indonesia. The study introduces urbanization as measures of the growth of urban sectors to analyze its contributions to pollution and agricultural land. Using Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) and co-integration techniques, the result confirms the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in Indonesia in long-run study. FDI shows positive relationship with environmental pollution both in long and short-run. Economic growth also contributes to the increase of CO 2 emission in Indonesia in long-run. Although urbanization happens intensively in Indonesia, it doesn’t trigger the air pollution in long and short-run analysis but shows negative relationship to agricultural land. FDI also followed by the decrease of agricultural land in short-run analysis but shows different sign in long-run study. It indicates that FDI in Indonesia sustain the agricultural sector in long term. integrasi, hasilnya menunjukkan terbentuknya pola Kurva Kuznets Lingkungan (EKC) di Indonesia dalam studi jangka panjang. FDI menunjukkan hubungan positif dengan pencemaran lingkungan baik dalam jangka panjang maupun jangka pendek. Pertumbuhan ekonomi juga berkontribusi pada peningkatan emisi CO 2 di Indonesia dalam jangka panjang. Meskipun urbanisasi terjadi secara intensif di Indonesia, namun hal tersebut tidak memicu pencemaran udara dalam analisis jangka panjang maupun pendek, tetapi menunjukkan hubungan negatif dengan lahan pertanian. FDI juga diikuti oleh penurunan lahan pertanian dalam analisis jangka pendek tetapi menunjukkan hubungan yang berkebalikan dalam studi jangka panjang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa FDI di Indonesia menopang sektor pertanian dalam jangka panjang.
Electronic structures in VO 2 using the periodic polarizable point-ion shell model and DV- X (cid:97) method

Electronic structures in the metallic VO 2 phase above the metal-insulator (cid:126) MI (cid:33) transition temperature of T c and the insulating phase below T c have been investigated using the combination of the three-dimensional periodic shell model and the discrete-variational (cid:126) DV (cid:33) - X (cid:97) cluster method. Besides the correlation effect for d (cid:105) electrons, the Hamiltonian in the insulating phase includes the Anderson’s attractive potential due to the electron-phonon interactions which stabilize the three-dimensional periodic distribution of V 4 (cid:49) -V 4 (cid:49) dimers. The shell model estimates the electron-phonon coupling constant and provides direct theoretical evidence that the dimers are stable in the low-temperature phase. The DV- X (cid:97) cluster method calculates the electron energies in (cid:64) V 2 O 10 (cid:35) (cid:50) 12 clusters and the value for the intersite repulsive nearest-neighbor d - d Coulombic interaction which quantiﬁes the correlation effect for d (cid:105) electrons. The electron-phonon interaction effect and the correlation effect for d (cid:105) electrons are found to split d band into the empty upper and the occupied lower Hubbard bands and also to result in an obvious energy gap between these bands in the insulating phase. In the metallic phase, the nonresolved d band overlaps the (cid:112) * band and they construct a partially ﬁlled conduction band. These calculations explain well the MI transition in VO 2 and, in particular, the electron-phonon interaction assessed by the periodic shell model is an indispensable contribution in the stabilization of the insulating phase. (cid:64) S0163-1829 (cid:126)
Intracellular Catabolism of Radiola beled Anti-/t Antibodies by Malignant B-Cells1

The endocytosis and degradation of IJ5I-labeled :inti-n monoclonal antibody DA4-4 by a Burkitt's lymphoma cell line was investigated using biochemical, Chromatographie, electrophoretic, radioautographic, and electron microscopic techniques. '"I-DA4-4 was rapidly internalized by Ramos cells and routed from endosomes to lysosomes. Proteolysis of radiolabeled antibodies began in a late endosomal compartment, but lysosomes were primarily responsible for the terminal degradation of l25I-DA4-4. Catabolism of '"I-DA4^t could be inhibited by 74-95% by blocking its delivery to late endosomes and lysosomes by incubation at IS"<, by neutralizing the pH in intracellular organelles with monensin or ammonium chloride, or by inhibiting lysosomal enzymes with leupeptin. Radiolabeled antibodies synthesized using the chloramine T or lodo-Gen techniques were degraded three times faster than conjugates made using a nonmetabolizable '"I-tyramine cellobiose adduci. Five major interme diate metabolites (M, 48,000, 42,000, 25,000, 15,000, and 10,000) were generated during the intracellular catabolism of '"I-DA4-4, but I25I-tyrosine was responsible for 95% of the small-molecular-weight metab olites released by cells into the culture medium. We anticipate that a full comprehension of the catabolism of radiolabeled antibodies by tumor cells will make possible the development of clinical interventions which will enhance the retention of radioimmunoconjugates by hÃ©matologie malignancies and improve the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy. Du Pont Cronex intensifying Chromatography. The radioactive molecular species pres ent in the acetone-soluble portion of cell culture supernatants were characterized by TLC (24). Control experiments demonstrated that trichloroacetic acid-soluble radioactivity and acetone-soluble radioac tivity were equivalent (not Acetone-soluble specimens were used TLC trichloroacetic acid polyamide TLC
Brain Oscillations and Predictive Coding: What We Know and What We Should Learn

Dreaming represents a peculiar form of cognitive activity during sleep. On the basis of the well-known relationship between sleep and memory, there has been a growing interest in the predictive role of human brain activity during sleep on dream recall. Neuroimaging studies indicate that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is characterized by limbic activation and prefrontal cortex deactivation. This pattern could explain the presence of emotional contents in dream reports. Furthermore, the morphoanatomical measures of amygdala and hippocampus predict some features of dream contents (bizarreness, vividness, and emotional load). More relevant for a general view of dreaming mechanisms, empirical data from neuropsychological and electroencephalographic (EEG) studies support the hypothesis that there is a sort of continuity between the neurophysiological mechanisms of encoding and retrieval of episodic memories across sleep and wakefulness. A notable overlap between the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying emotional memory formation and some peculiar EEG features of REM sleep has been suggested. In particular, theta (5–8 Hz) EEG oscillations on frontal regions in the pre-awakening sleep are predictive of dream recall, which parallels the predictive relation during wakefulness between theta activity and successful retrieval of episodic memory. Although some observations support an interpretation more in terms of an intraindividual than interindividual mechanism, the existing empirical evidence still precludes from definitely disentangling if this relation is explained by state- or trait-like differences.
Enhanced Cloud Web Services Using Community Structure Based Complex Networks

A Web service is a well defined concept of a set of computational or physical activities involving a number of resources, designed to fulfill the needs of customers or for business requirement. Community structure is the most common topological structure in complex networks. A significant characteristic of complex networks is that they are generally composed of highly inner connected sub networks called community. It is very helpful and important to understand the features of these communities. This paper has focused on the community structure of structural service networks formed by public web services available on the Internet. The overall objective is to enhance the cloud web services using complex networks.
Guoguo: Smartphone-based High-precision Indoor Location Ecosystem and Services

Locating a smartphone at the centimeter-level has significant implication for potential indoor location services and applications compared with existing coarse-grained solutions. In this paper, we propose Guoguo ecosystem to fill the longlasting gap of smartphone-based indoor localization. Guoguo consists of a constellation of low-complexity anchor network that enabling fine-grained localization by leveraging modulated acoustic beacons. We propose algorithms to improve its robustness, coverage, accuracy, and refresh rate. Our prototype shows centimeter-level localization accuracy and promising for real deployment and application. Such results are expected to make smartphone indoor localization available in our daily activities.
Graphene ripples generated by grain boundaries in highly ordered pyrolytic graphite

Atomic scale periodic ripples that extend for several nanometers on the surface of adjacent graphitic grains have been observed for the first time on highly ordered pyrolitic graphite by UHV-STM. The ripples emanate from a grain boundary, and are explained in terms of a mechanical deformation due to the elastic strain accumulated along the GB, which is relieved out-of-plane in the topmost graphene layer. We present a molecular dynamics model, which accounts for the formation of similar ripples as result of the lattice mismatch induced by two different grain orientations.
GLOBAL STABILITY OF LESLIE-TYPE PREDATOR-PREY MODEL

In this paper we study the global stability of diﬀusive predator-prey system of Leslie type in a bounded domain Ω ⊂ R N with no-ﬂux boundary condition. By using a new approach, we establish much improved global asymptotic stability of the unique positive equilibrium solution. We also show how to extend the result to more general type of systems with non-homogeneous environment and/or wider class of kinetic terms.
Efficient Data Switching in Large Ethernet Networks using VLANs

Large data centers have been widely deployed to adapt to business requirements, and data centers have become very large facilities that contain more equipment like servers, storage units, and networking devices. But the network technology for these large data centers may be using inadequate topologies or protocols that gradually create a bottleneck on performance. In this paper we discuss recently developed technology improvements for data center networks, in particular, we discuss the use of Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) to improve performance.
Albumin, as a Therapeutic Protein: Potential Source, Application, Isolation and Puri(cid:976)ication

Albumin is one of the plasma proteins found in the human body , which is about 55-60%, and the total normal serum protein level is 3.8-5.0 g/dL. Albumin consists of a single chain of a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 66.5kDa and consists of 585 amino acids. In the albumin molecule, 17 disul(cid:976)ide bonds connect amino acids containing sulfur. The molecular albumin is elliptical so that with such molecular forms, it will not increase the plasma viscosity and dissolve perfectly. Albumin is protein and its action as a transport agent and maintains colloid osmotic pressure. The need for albumin in the world reaches 500 tons annually, which is used hypoalbuminemia therapy. Hypoalbuminemia therapy which is often used is HSA (Human Serum Albumin) therapy. The use of HSA has disadvantages such as causing infections, expensive process-ing costs, and the cost of products. Thus other sources of albumin are needed. One that can be the potential source of albumin is Indonesian cat(cid:976)ish (Clarias-gariepinus). Our research studies have obtained the albumin from Indonesian cat(cid:976)ish (C. gariepinus) and Patin (cid:976)ish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) with high yield and purity. The Indonesian cat(cid:976)ish is the potential albumin source after the isolation and puri(cid:976)ication process was obtained that the molecular weight, the purity, and the total albumin content of puri(cid:976)ied albumin were 66.7 kDa, 95.38%, and 118.5 mg /g of wet weight, respectively.
Endemic infection in surgical wards

SUMMARY Endemic infection in male surgical wards has been studied during three periods. There was some infection due to gram-negative bacilli, though Staphylococcus aureus remained as the single most important pathogen even in the absence of epidemic spread. Beta haemolytic streptococci were isolated in large numbers from the lesions of four patients with deep wound infection. Changes introduced in the pattern of post-operative care reduced sepsis due to Staph. aureus, reduced the severity of wound infection and apparently decreased the need for antibiotic therapy. Patients who became infected were retained in hospital longer than those who escaped clinically apparent infection.
Angiogenesis in Free-Standing Two-Vasculature-Embedded Scaffold Extruded by Two-Core Laminar Flow Device

Rapid construction of pre-vascular structure is highly desired for engineered thick tissue. However, angiogenesis in free-standing scaffold has been rarely reported because of limitation in growth factor (GF) supply into the scaffold. This study, for the 1st time, investigated angiogenic sprouting in free-standing two-vasculature-embedded scaffold with three different culture conditions and additional GFs. A two-core laminar flow device continuously extruded one vascular channel with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a 3 mg/ml type-1 collagen, one hollow channel, and a shell layer with 2% w/v gelatin-alginate (70:30) composite. Under the GF flowing condition, angiogenic sprouting from the HUVEC vessel had started since day 1 and gradually grew toward the hollow channel on day 10. Due to the medium flowing, the HUVECs showed elongated spindle-like morphology homogeneously. Their viability has been over 80% up to day 10. This approach could apply to vascular investigation, and drug discovery further, not only to the engineered thick tissue.