Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishing a case definition of thiamine responsive disorders among infants and young children in Lao PDR: protocol for a prospective cohort study

Introduction Diagnosis of infantile thiamine deficiency disorders (TDD) is challenging due to the non-specific, highly variable clinical presentation, often leading to misdiagnosis. Our primary objective is to develop a case definition for thiamine responsive disorders (TRD) to determine among hospitalised infants and young children, which clinical features and risk factors identify those who respond positively to thiamine administration. Methods and analysis This prospective study will enrol 662 children (aged 21 days to <18 months) seeking treatment for TDD symptoms. Children will be treated with intravenous or intramuscular thiamine (100 mg daily for a minimum of 3 days) alongside other interventions deemed appropriate. Baseline assessments, prior to thiamine administration, include a physical examination, echocardiogram and venous blood draw for the determination of thiamine biomarkers. Follow-up assessments include physical examinations (after 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 hours), echocardiogram (after 24 and 48 hours) and one cranial ultrasound. During the hospital stay, maternal blood and breast-milk samples and diet, health, anthropometric and socio-demographic information will be collected for mother–child pairs. Using these data, a panel of expert paediatricians will determine TRD status for use as the dependent variable in logistic regression models. Models identifying predictors of TRD will be developed and validated for various scenarios. Clinical prediction model performance will be quantified by empirical area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, using resampling cross validation. A frequency-matched community-based cohort of mother–child pairs (n=265) will serve as comparison group for evaluation of potential risk factors for TRD. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been obtained from The National Ethics Committee for Health Research, Ministry of Health, Lao PDR and the Institutional Review Board of the University of California Davis. The results will be disseminated via scientific articles, presentations and workshops with representatives of the Ministry of Health. Trial registration number NCT03626337.
Ib-M6 Antimicrobial Peptide: Antibacterial Activity against Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli and Molecular Docking

The Ib-M6 peptide has antibacterial activity against non-pathogenic Escherichia coli K-12 strain. The first part of this study determines the antibacterial activity of Ib-M6 against fourteen pathogenic strains of E. coli O157:H7. Susceptibility assay showed that Ib-M6 had values of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) lower than streptomycin, used as a reference antibiotic. Moreover, to predict the possible interaction between Ib-M6 and outer membrane components of E. coli, we used molecular docking simulations where FhuA protein and its complex with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS–FhuA) were used as targets of the peptide. FhuA/Ib-M6 complexes had energy values between −39.5 and −40.5 Rosetta Energy Units (REU) and only one hydrogen bond. In contrast, complexes between LPS–FhuA and Ib-M6 displayed energy values between −25.6 and −40.6 REU, and the presence of five possible hydrogen bonds. Hence, the antimicrobial activity of Ib-M6 peptide shown in the experimental assays could be caused by its interaction with the outer membrane of E. coli.
A model-based investigation into urban-rural disparities in tuberculosis treatment outcomes under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme in India

In this study, we investigate differences in tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes between urban and rural India and estimate their impact on epidemiological outcomes such as TB incidence, prevalence and mortality using a mathematical model of TB transmission dynamics. Publicly available district-level treatment outcomes data for new and previously treated TB cases was analyzed in conjunction with census data providing the proportion of urban population in each district to determine the effect of urbanity/rurality on treatment outcomes. Districts were grouped in clusters based on the proportion of urban population in each district, wherein the clusters were identified by applying machine learning methods. Regression analyses revealed that average treatment success rates among both new and previously treated cases decline with increase in the proportion of urban population in a district cluster, with substantially sharper declines in treatment success rates with degree of urbanity observed for previously treated cases. The impact of differences in treatment outcomes on epidemiological outcomes was estimated using a dynamic transmission model developed for this purpose. For example, the cluster with highest treatment success rates is projected to have an average of 3.2% fewer deaths per 100,000 population in comparison with the national average across 2019–24, and the cluster with the lowest treatment success rates has an average of 4.5% more deaths per 100,000 in comparison with the national average. We anticipate that these disparities in TB treatment outcomes and epidemiology between urban and rural India may motivate investigations into the associated causes and their redressal.
Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Indices and Yield Stability of Wheat Cultivars to Drought Stress in Different Growth Stage

Drought and moisture stress is the most limiting factor affecting growth and productivity of crop plants.In order to study the response of ten bread wheat cultivars to drought stress, a field xperiment was conducted in 2013–2015 years at the the Agriculture and environmental research center of Ardabili, located at Moghan, Iran. The experimental design was a Split-plot xperiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications under five Drought stresses (no irrigation) regimes: rainfed (T1), the tillering stage (T2), at booting stage (T3), after anthesis (T4), full irrigation (T5) and 10 bread wheat cultivars. Combined analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences for Yp, STI, GMP, MP, TOL and HAM. Significant differences were also observed between drought treatments for Ys, STI, GMP, MP, TOL, HAM, SSI, YSI and DI. Nine drought tolerance indices including stress STI, SSI, TOL, HM, GMP, MP, YSI, DI) were calculated based on grain yield under drought (Ys) and irrigated (Yp) conditions. Grain yield in stress (Ys) condition was significantly and positively correlated with STI, GMP, MP and HM. Grain yield in non-stress (Yp) condition was significantly positive correlated with STI, MP, GMP, TOL, HM and SSI and significantly negative correlated with YSI and DI. Results of this study showed that the indices STI, GMP, MP and HAM can be used as the most suitable indicators for screening drought tolerant cultivars. The stability measuring of the GGE biplot polygon showed that, the performance of cultivars G3, G7 and G8 are highly variable (less stable), whereas cultivars G5, G1, G2, G10, G9 and G4 are highly stable. The cultivars G9 and G10 are more desirable than other cultivars that has both high mean yield and high stability.
Scheduling of real-time applications with variable utilization factor using a PFair based aperiodic server

We consider the scheduling problem for real time applications with variable processor utilization factor. Th ey are composed of a set kernel of periodic tasks and of a flow of aperiodic tasks, all with firm deadlines. Periodic tasks are scheduled according to a PFair policy. We propose an efficient acceptance test for aperiodic traffic, which guarantees steady and predictable periodic scheduling, a very small error rate and which has a low complexity. We then compare its performances to the performances of challenger acceptance tests.
HOW THE EUROPEAN CYCLONE TRACKS AND FREQUENCY CHANGED IN THE 1957-2002 PERIOD?

Variability and trend of the large-scale circulat ion characteristics over the NorthAtlantic-European region are analyzed for the 20th century. First, changes in decadal frequency of Hess-Brezowsky macrocirculation patterns (MCP) are evaluated between 1881 and 2000. Then, cyclone center identification and cyclone tracks an d intensity analysis is accomplished on the base of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Foreca st (ECMWF) reanalysis datasets (ERA-40) on a 2.5° horizontal resolution grid for the 45 year p e iod between 1957 and 2002. Time series of the fou r main geopotential height fields (i.e., AT 500 hPa, AT 700 hPa, AT 850 hPa, and AT 1000 hPa) are used together with the sea level pressure fields. D ecadal scale variability and trends are analyzed an d compared for all levels. Finally, significant front al events (e.g., frontal precipitation and temperat ure changes) are also analyzed, i.e., how often and how intense they occurred in the last few decades, whether or not any trend may be detected in the Car pathian Basin.
Study of Referral Pattern of Neonates at Tertiary Care Centre and Role of TOPS Score in Assessing Morbidity and Mortality

Conclusion: This study highlights the fact that a large number of neonatal deaths can be prevented by early identification, appropriate pre-referral stabilisation, improved communication and an effective transport system in place for safe referral of neonates to higher centres for management. The TOPS scoring system can serve as a guide for the paediatrician in initiating appropriate revival and/or treatment measures.
Analysis of Consumer Demand and Preference for Rabbit Meat in Benin

The demand for rabbit meat exists and would only be satisfied at 50% and the holiday periods often have quite high demands. This demand is growing rapidly as it is increasingly valued by Beninese with modest incomes in search of dietary diversification and limiting cholesterol average. Rabbits are sold at a relatively high price in the Oueme/Plateau region compared to other regions of the country, due to the higher demand there. Rabbits produced in South Benin are relatively more competitive compared to imported rabbit meat. Consumers of rabbit meat are mainly active civil servants (50% of cases) and low-income individuals. These consumers believe that locally produced rabbit is of very good quality and tastes very good.
J9.4 ERRORS OF THE DAY, BRED VECTORS AND SINGULAR VECTORS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ENSEMBLE FORECASTING AND DATA ASSIMILATION

In this project we plan to use the quasi-geostrophic 3D-Var data assimilation simulation system developed by Morss (1999) and Morss et al (2001) to compare several methods for data assimilation and ensemble forecasting. It is based on the a QG model of Rotunno and Bao (1996), and the 3D-Var system is similar to the NCEP operational Spectral Statistical Interpolation (SSI) method of Parrish and Derber (1992). Hamill et al (2000) have also used this system for testing comparing several ensemble forecasting methods, and Hamill and Snyder (2002) for a hybrid Ensemble Kalman Filter.
May Machines Take Lives to Save Lives? Human Perceptions of Autonomous Robots (with the Capacity to Kill)

In the future, artificial agents are likely to make life-and-death decisions about humans. Ordinary people are the likely arbiters of whether these decisions are morally acceptable. We summarize research on how ordinary people evaluate artificial (compared to human) agents that make life-and-death decisions. The results suggest that many people are inclined to morally evaluate artificial agents’ decisions, and when asked how the artificial and human agents should decide, they impose the same norms on them. However, when confronted with how the agents did in fact decide, people judge the artificial agents’ decisions differently from those of humans. This difference is best explained by justifications people grant the human agents (imagining their experience of the decision situation) but do not grant the artificial agent (whose experience they cannot imagine). If people fail to infer the decision processes and justifications of artificial agents, these agents will have to explicitly communicate such justifications to people, so they can understand and accept their decisions.
Role of Chemokine (C–X–C Motif) Ligand 10 (CXCL10) in Renal Diseases

Chemokine C–X–C ligand 10 (CXCL10), also known as interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), exerts biological function mainly through binding to its specific receptor, CXCR3. Studies have shown that renal resident mesangial cells, renal tubular epithelial cells, podocytes, endothelial cells, and infiltrating inflammatory cells express CXCL10 and CXCR3 under inflammatory conditions. In the last few years, strong experimental and clinical evidence has indicated that CXCL10 is involved in the development of renal diseases through the chemoattraction of inflammatory cells and facilitation of cell growth and angiostatic effects. In addition, CXCL10 has been shown to be a significant biomarker of disease severity, and it can be used as a prognostic indicator for a variety of renal diseases, such as renal allograft dysfunction and lupus nephritis. In this review, we summarize the structures and biological functions of CXCL10 and CXCR3, focusing on the important role of CXCL10 in the pathogenesis of kidney disease, and provide a theoretical basis for CXCL10 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human kidney disease.
Translation of Noun Phrase from English to Thai using Phrase-based SMT with CCG Reordering Rules

Statistical machine translation becomes the core research in MT community. There are researches investigating a methodology to connect between linguistic knowledge and statistical method. Our paper applies CCG notation to reorder English noun phrase before training and translating. The experiment results show that our methodology overcomes baseline SMT both in statistical evaluation and human evaluation. Our system improves BLEU score from 13.11% to 13.50%. Human evaluation shows that around 75% (1732/2310) of sentences, based on our approach outperforms baseline system.
17.2 THE DIURNAL MODE OF SUMMER RAINFALL ACROSS THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES IN 10-KM SIMULATIONS BY THE WRF MODEL

The diurnal cycle of rainfall is fundamental to many regional climates. It follows that one measure of an NWP (numerical weather prediction) model’s skill is the realism of the diurnal cycle in its simulated rainfall. In this paper, we analyze the diurnal cycle of rainfall frequency in simulations by the new Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model and compare the results with the diurnal cycle in observed rainfall inferred from the WSR88D network.
NEUTROSOPHIC N -BI-IDEALS IN SEMIGROUPS

In this paper, we introduce the notion of neutrosophic N bi-ideal structure over a semigroup. We characterize semigroups, regular semigroups and intra-regular semigroups in terms of neutrosophic N bi-ideal structures. We also show that the intersection of neutrosophic N -ideals and the neutrosophic N -product of ideals will coincide for a regular semigroup.
PolySense: Augmenting Textiles with Electrical Functionality using In-Situ Polymerization

We present a method for enabling arbitrary textiles to sense pressure and deformation: In-situ polymerization supports integration of piezoresistive properties at the material level, preserving a textile's haptic and mechanical characteristics. We demonstrate how to enhance a wide set of fabrics and yarns using only readily available tools. To further support customisation by the designer, we present methods for patterning, as needed to create circuits and sensors, and demonstrate how to combine areas of different conductance in one material. Technical evaluation results demonstrate the performance of sensors created using our method is comparable to off-the-shelf piezoresistive textiles. As application examples, we demonstrate rapid manufacturing of on-body interfaces, tie-dyed motion-capture clothing, and zippers that act as potentiometers.
A review on medication adherence in stroke patients

Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide that affects 16 million persons annually. The burden is especially high in low and middle income countries which account for more than 85 % of all stroke related mortality. It is one of the leading causes of adult physical disability. The risk of a recurrent stroke is 30–43%within 5 years. Medical treatment is needed for the management of stroke and the risk reduction of recurrent stroke. The success of a medical treatment is determined largely by adherence. Adherence to therapy is a primary determinant of treatment success. Poor adherence reduces the overall effectiveness of health care interventions, yet it is estimated that in developed countries only 50% of patients who suffer from chronic diseases adhere to treatment recommendations. Large randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis have identified several drugs which significantly reduce the risk of future vascular events after stroke. Guidelines for secondary prevention after stroke now recommend antiplatelet therapy and reduction of both blood pressure and cholesterol level. Non-adherence to stroke prevention medications is a risk factor for first-ever and recurrent stroke. As of yet, there are no guidelines for processes to recognize and address medication nonadherence in stroke patients. This study investigates determinants of medication adherence in the secondary prevention of stroke.
Forest Road Network Design based on Multipurpose Forestry Management in Hyrcanian Forest

Traditionally, the main focus of forestry management has been based on wood production but more recently it is directed at multifunctional forest management. Multifunctional forestry management includes many considerations such as ecotourism, ecology, economic and social issues of forest dwellers as well as wood production. This study aims to design forest roads using GIS and satellite data of SPOT-HRG in the Darabkla forest based on Multipurpose Forestry. The study used the multi-criteria evaluation method based on fuzzy logic to assess the potential of land area for a road network. Opinions of experts and scholars were used to select four criteria and 18 sub-criteria for road design. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used for weighting factors. Layers were combined using a weighted linear combination (WLC) operator and the map of crossing the road potential was identified and zoned. The road was designed using the PEGGER program. Geographic Information System (GIS) and satellite data of SPOT-HRG were effective tools for improving outcomes. Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) Model for combination layers was used in this study and recommended the multi object operation (MOLA) in future studies.
The Potential Role of Cobalt and/or Organic Fertilizers in Improving the Growth, Yield, and Nutritional Composition of Moringa oleifera

In sustainable farming, the use of organic fertilizers is a costly but environmentally-oriented type of soil–crop system management. Among essential microelements, cobalt (Co) deficiency commonly occurs in arid and semi-arid climatic regions suitable for the growing of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam), an economically important, multipurpose tree. Therefore, in this study, two pot experiments were conducted to identify the interaction effects of Co and organic fertilizers in modifying the growth, yield, and nutritional composition of moringa. Each experiment consisted of 21 treatments as combinations of seven concentrations of Co (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, and 15.0 mg L−1) and three organic fertilizers (chicken manure, CM; farmyard manure, FYM; and compost, Comp). Co, at 7.5–12.5 mg L−1, in combination with CM, significantly increased the height, leaf number, leaf area, and dry weight of plants, as well as N, P, K, Zn, Cu, protein, total carbohydrate, total soluble solids, total phenolics, carotenoids, and vitamin C in leaves. Co was positively correlated with N, P, K, and the dry weight content in moringa leaves, and this synergistic interaction may underpin the remaining parameters enhanced by Co. The cobalt effect was dose-dependent, so the improved growth, yield, and nutritional composition of moringa can be managed through a proper Co dose in combination with organic fertilizer. Co and organic fertilization could be a promising strategy for improving moringa plant productivity and its biological value in conditions of sandy soils and Co deficiency.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC AND MANGANESE-DOPED ENSTATITE AND ZINC-DOPED TALC

Since decades, particular interest has been addressed by researchers in the synthesis and study of silicates such as enstatite MgSiO3 and talc Mg3Si4O10(OH)2. Enstatite is useful for several technological applications such as substrates in electronics, high frequency insulators, thermal insulators in high temperatures applications, as luminescent materials in laser technology and more recently as suitable dielectric materials for millimeter wave communication (Höland & Beall, 2002; Ohsato, 2004; Song et al., 2008; Sun & Kim, 2012). Talc, because of the low cost and good properties (i.e., resistence to heat and acids, hydrophoby, electrical insulation), is widely used in many different products such as ceramics, papers, cosmetics, foods, polymers and filler in composites. The usual presence of foreign ions (e.g., Mn, Ti, Ni) and their inconstant amounts in natural enstatite and talc hinder the use of these minerals as high-performance materials. For these reasons, enstatite doped with various elements such as Eu Dy,Cr, Li, Sc Ni, and Ti (Moncorgè et al., 1999; Smyth & Ito, 1977; Lin et al., 2006; Bloise et al., 2011) and talc doped with Ni, Co, Fe, S, O, Mg, Mg(NO3)2, and Mn (Wilkins & Ito, 1967; Ishida, 1990; Kirak et al., 1999; Bloise et al., 2010; Pidluzhna et al., 2012) have been grown and characterized in several different ways. Nevertheless, there are still various problems to be solved in order to obtain very high quality crystals and the desired changes in their physical and chemical properties when they are doped with foreign elements. The aims of this work are: 1) the growth of enstatite by slow cooling flux method in order to obtain large single crystals and to study how some of their chemical and physical characteristics change by varying the amount of zinc and manganese content. The slow cooling flux method was preferred to other methods (e.g., sol-gel) because of the possibility to obtain large single crystals useful for the evaluation of the quality of the crystals obtained (e.g., crystallinity, uniformity, purity); 2) the synthesis and characterization of several members of Zn-doped talc, starting with the Zn free talc end-member and moving on to talc grown in the presence of increasing amounts of Zn in order to assess unambiguously its influence on the chemical/physical properties (e.g., morphology, thermal stability) by excluding the influence of other ions (e.g., Fe, Ni, Al) commonly present in natural samples.