Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GAIA: A System for Interactive Analysis on Distributed Graphs Using a High-Level Language

GAIA (GrAph Interactive Analysis) is a distributed system designed specifically to make it easy for a variety of users to interactively analyze big graph data on large clusters at low latency. It adopts a high-level language called Gremlin for graph traversal, and provides automatic parallel execution. In particular, we advocate a powerful new abstraction called Scope that caters to the specific needs in this new computation model to scale graph queries with complex dependencies and runtime dynamics, while at the same time maintaining the simple and concise programming model. GAIA has been deployed in production clusters at Alibaba to support a variety of business-critical scenarios. Extensive evaluations using both benchmarks and real-world applications have validated the effectiveness of the proposed techniques, which enables GAIA to execute complex Gremlin traversal with orders-ofmagnitude better performance than existing high-performance engines, and at much larger scales than recent state-of-the-art Gremlin-enabled systems such as JanusGraph.
Analysis of welding Au nanowires into T junctions

Abstract The effects of temperature and size on the welding of Au nanowires (NWs) into T junctions is studied using molecular dynamics simulations based on the second-moment approximation of the many-body tight-binding potential. Simulation results show that when the top NW approaches the bottom one, it elongates towards the bottom one just before welding due to the interaction of the van der Waals attractive force. During welding, the bottom NW gradually reaches critical bend deformation through successive pressure applied from the top one, followed by buckling of the top NW. The structural order of NWs significantly decreases with increasing welding temperature or decreasing NW width. Welding at high temperatures (700 K or above) causes alignment difficulty due to an unstable NW geometry or even welding failure due to a decrease in NW length. Smaller NWs have larger stress during the welding process.
Accessing Cloud with Disaggregated Software-Defined Router

The last decade has witnessed a rapid growth of public clouds. More and more enterprises are deploying their applications on the cloud platform. As one of the largest public cloud providers, Tencent cloud serves tens of Tbps inbound/outbound traffic via cloud gateways for customers with diverse cloud access requirements. Traditionally, cloud gateways were built with proprietary routers. From years of experience operating cloud network, we found that commodity router based cloud gateways are hard to scale, lack of extensibility and are difficult to inter-operate with the SDN-based cloud networks. To this end, we build our own Disaggregated Software-defined Router (DSR) to serve cloud access traffic. We architecturally split cloud router functionalities into several disjoint modules: 1) an access module built out of off-the-shelf commodity switches; 2) a software-based fast and scalable forwarding module; 3) a robust and scalable routing module built with commodity servers; 4) an SDN control module for traffic management and devices configuration. All the components can be independently scaled and maintained. DSR can deliver new network features at high velocity and has sustained the rapid growth of the cloud access traffic. In this paper, we present the design, implementation and our years of operational experiences of DSR.
LightGuardian: A Full-Visibility, Lightweight, In-band Telemetry System Using Sketchlets

1 Network trafﬁc measurement is central to successful network operations, especially for today’s hyper-scale networks. Although existing works have made great contributions, they fail to achieve the following three criteria simultaneously: 1) full-visibility , which refers to the ability to acquire any desired per-hop ﬂow-level information for all ﬂows; 2) low overhead in terms of computation, memory, and bandwidth; and 3) robustness , meaning the system can survive partial network failures. We design LightGuardian to meet these three criteria. Our key innovation is a (small) constant-sized data structure, called sketchlet , which can be embedded in packet headers. Speciﬁcally, we design a novel SuMax sketch to accurately capture ﬂow-level information. SuMax can be divided into sketchlets, which are carried in-band by passing packets to the end-hosts for aggregation, reconstruction, and analysis. We have fully implemented a LightGuardian prototype on a testbed with 10 programmable switches and 8 end-hosts in a FatTree topology, and conduct extensive experiments and evaluations. Experimental results show that LightGuardian can obtain per-ﬂow per-hop ﬂow-level information within 1 : 0 (cid:24) 1 : 5 seconds with consistently low overhead, using only 0.07% total bandwidth capacity of the network. We believe LightGuardian is the ﬁrst system to collect per-ﬂow per-hop information for all ﬂows in the network with negligible overhead.
Improved Intrusion Detection System using Quantal Response Equilibrium-based Game Model and Rule-based Classification

Wireless sensor network has large number of low-cost tiny nodes with sensing capability. These provide low cost solutions to many real world problems such as such as defence, Internet of things, healthcare, environment monitoring and so on. The sensor nodes of these networks are placed in vulnerable environment. Hence, the security of these networks is very important. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) plays an important role in providing a security to such type of networks. The sensor nodes of the network have limited power and, traditional security mechanisms such as key-management, encryption decryption and authentication techniques cannot be installed on the nodes. Hence, there is a need of special security mechanism to handle the intrusions. In this paper, intrusion detection system is designed and implemented using game theory and machine learning to identify multiple attacks. Game theory is designed and used to apply the IDS optimally in WSN. The game model is designed by defining the players and the corresponding strategies. Quantal Response Equilibrium (QRE) concept of game theory is used to select the strategies in optimal way for the intrusion’s detection. Further, these intrusions are classified as denial of service attack, rank attack or selective forwarding attacks using supervised machine learning technique based on different parameters and rules. Results show that all the attacks are detected with good detection rate and the proposed approach provides optimal usage of IDS.
When Cloud Storage Meets RDMA

A production-level cloud storage system must be high performing and readily available. It should also meet a ServiceLevel Agreement (SLA). The rapid advancement in storage media has left networking lagging behind, resulting in a major performance bottleneck for new cloud storage generations. Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) running on lossless fabrics can potentially overcome this bottleneck. In this paper, we present our experience in introducing RDMA into the storage networks of Pangu, a cloud storage system developed by Alibaba. Since its introduction in 2009, it has proven to be crucial for Alibaba’s core businesses. In addition to the performance, availability, and SLA requirements, the deployment planning of Pangu at the production scale should consider storage volume and hardware costs. We present an RDMAenabled Pangu system that exhibits superior performance, with the availability and SLA standards matching those of traditional TCP-backed versions. RDMA-enabled Pangu has been demonstrated to successfully serve numerous online mission-critical services across four years, including several important shopping festivals.
of the 18th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation

In-memory key-value stores are critical components that help scale large internet services by providing low-latency access to popular data. Memcached, one of the most popular key-value stores, suffers from performance limitations inherent to the Linux networking stack and fails to achieve high performance when using high-speed network interfaces. While the Linux network stack can be bypassed using DPDK based solutions, such approaches require a complete redesign of the software stack and induce high CPU utilization even when client load is low. To overcome these limitations, we present BMC, an in-kernel cache for Memcached that serves requests before the execution of the standard network stack. Requests to the BMC cache are treated as part of the NIC interrupts, which allows performance to scale with the number of cores serving the NIC queues. To ensure safety, BMC is implemented using eBPF. Despite the safety constraints of eBPF, we show that it is possible to implement a complex cache service. Because BMC runs on commodity hardware and requires modiﬁcation of neither the Linux kernel nor the Memcached application, it can be widely deployed on existing systems. BMC optimizes the processing time of Facebook-like small-size requests. On this target workload, our evaluations show that BMC improves throughput by up to 18x compared to the vanilla Memcached application and up to 6x compared to an optimized version of Memcached that uses the SO_REUSEPORT socket ﬂag. In addition, our results also show that BMC has negligible overhead and does not deteriorate throughput when treating non-target workloads.
Device-Based LTE Latency Reduction at the Application Layer

We design and implement LRP, a device-based, standardcompliant solution to latency reduction in mobile networks. LRP takes a data-driven approach. It works with a variety of latency-sensitive mobile applications without requiring root privilege, and ensures the latency is no worse than the legacy LTE design. Using traces from operational networks, we identify all elements in LTE uplink latency and quantify them. LRP designates small dummy messages, which precede uplink data transmissions, thus eliminating latency elements due to power-saving, scheduling, etc. It imposes proper timing control among dummy messages and data packets to handle various conflicts. The evaluation shows that, LRP reduces the median LTE uplink latency by a factor up to 7.4× (from 42ms to 5ms) for four tested apps over five mobile carriers.
The Case for SIKE: A Decade of the Supersingular Isogeny Problem

To mark the 10-year anniversary of supersingular isogeny Diﬃe-Hellman, I will touch on 10 points in defense and support of the SIKE protocol, including the rise of classical hardness, the fact that quantum computers do not seem to oﬀer much help in solving the underlying problem, and the importance of concrete cryptanalytic clarity. In the ﬁnal section I will discuss the upcoming SIKE challenges: over $50k USD will be up for grabs for the solutions of mini instances that, according to the SIKE team’s security analysis, provide signiﬁcantly less than 64 bits of classical security. I conclude by urging the proponents of other schemes to construct analogous challenge instances.
Quadratic almost bent functions - their partial characterization and design in the spectral domain

Quadratic AB (almost bent) functions are characterized by the property that the duals of their component functions are bent functions. We prove that these duals are also quadratic and illustrate that these bent duals may give rise to vectorial bent functions (in certain cases having a maximal output dimension). It is then natural to investigate when the linear combinations of quadratic bent duals again yields quadratic bent functions. A necessary and sufficient condition for ensuring bentness of these linear combinations is provided, by introducing a useful transform that acts on the Walsh spectrum of dual functions. Moreover, we provide a rather detailed analysis related to the structure of quadratic AB functions in the spectral domain, more precisely with respect to their Walsh supports, their intersection and restrictions of these bent duals to suitable subspaces. It turns out that the AB property is quite complicated even in the quadratic case. However, using the established facts in this article, we could for the first time provide the design of quadratic AB functions in the spectral domain by identifying (using computer simulations) suitable sets of bent dual functions which give rise to possibly new quadratic AB functions in a generic manner. Using a simple non-exhaustive search for suitable sets of defining bent duals f1, . , f5 on F2, we could easily identify 60 quadratic AB functions F : F2 → F2. It turns out that all these functions are CCZ-equivalent to the Gold AB function but none of these functions is a permutation. On the other hand, when n = 7, the same approach provides several AB functions which are not CCZ-equivalent to Gold functions.
Electrochemical Behaviour of Cr and W Fischer Ethoxy Carbene Complexes: A Comparative Study

A comparative electrochemical study of a series Fischer carbene complexes (FCCs) of Cr and W containing an ethoxy and an aryl group as carbene substituents, showed that the Cr-FCCs generally exhibit two one-electron oxidation processes, namely Cr (0) to Cr (I) to Cr (II) while W-FCCs are oxidized in two two-electron oxidation processes, namely W(0) to W(II) to W(IV). The first one-electron oxidation processes of Cr-FCCs is generally reversible, while the first two-electron oxidation processes of all W-FCCs are found to be irreversible. The first reduction process observed for both the W-FCCs and Cr-FCCs is a one-electron process located on the carbene ligand. Both the metal oxidation, as well as the carbene reduction of Cr-FCCs, occurs at lower potentials than for W-FCCs. Substitution of carbonyls coordinated to the metal, or the group attached to the carbene ligand, led to similar trends related to the ease of oxidation or reduction of Cr-FCC and W-FCCs. Density functional theory calculations support and led to a better understanding of experimental electrochemical behaviour.
A new method for exploring gene–gene and gene–environment interactions in GWAS with tree ensemble methods and SHAP values

The identification of gene–gene and gene–environment interactions in genome-wide association studies is challenging due to the unknown nature of the interactions and the overwhelmingly large number of possible combinations. Parametric regression models are suitable to look for prespecified interactions. Nonparametric models such as tree ensemble models, with the ability to detect any unspecified interaction, have previously been difficult to interpret. However, with the development of methods for model explainability, it is now possible to interpret tree ensemble models efficiently and with a strong theoretical basis. We propose a tree ensemble- and SHAP-based method for identifying as well as interpreting potential gene–gene and gene–environment interactions on large-scale biobank data. A set of independent cross-validation runs are used to implicitly investigate the whole genome. We apply and evaluate the method using data from the UK Biobank with obesity as the phenotype. The results are in line with previous research on obesity as we identify top SNPs previously associated with obesity. We further demonstrate how to interpret and visualize interaction candidates. The new method identifies interaction candidates otherwise not detected with parametric regression models. However, further research is needed to evaluate the uncertainties of these candidates. The method can be applied to large-scale biobanks with high-dimensional data.
Anreicherung von DL-3-123I-Jod-α-Methyltyrosin in Hirntumorrezidiven

Zusammenfassung DL-3-123l-Jod-α-Methyltyrosin (123I-JMT) ist ein Radiopharmakon, dessen Anreicherung in Hirntumoren mit SPECT nachweisbar ist. 20 Untersuchungen mit 123I-JMT-SPECT wurden an 16 Patienten nach neurochirurgischen Operationen von Hirntumoren durchgeführt (Tumorlokalisation des Primärtumors aus CT/NMR-Bildern). Die Auswertung in ROI-Technik (Tumor/restliche Schicht) erfaßte die Tumor/Nichttumor-Verhältnisse (T/NT). In 17 Fällen lag ein Rezidiv- oder Resttumor vor. 14/17 waren durch erhöhten Uptake (T/NT 1,43-2,25) nachweisbar. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit CT und/oder NMR-Bildern verglichen und am weiteren Verlauf oder durch Rezidiv-Operationen (6/14) validiert. Alle 3 tumorfreien Patienten (Nachbeobachtungszeit 6-24 Monate) hatten einen negativen Scan; dies wurde durch CT- und NMR-Befunde bestätigt. Mit der 123l-JMT-Szinti-graphie steht eine CT und NMR ergänzende nuklearmedizinische Methode zur Verfügung. Sie sollte bei unklaren neuroradiologischen oder klinischen Befunden durchgeführt werden und kann dazu beitragen, daß die Diagnose eines Rezidivs früher gestellt und eine entsprechende Therapie eingeleitet wird.
Cooperative Effect of GO and Glucose on PEDOT:PSS for High VOC and Hysteresis‐Free Solution‐Processed Perovskite Solar Cells

Hybrid organic–inorganic halide perovskites have emerged at the forefront of solution‐processable photovoltaic devices. Being the perovskite precursor mixture a complex equilibrium of species, it is very difficult to predict/control their interactions with different substrates, thus the final film properties and device performances. Here the wettability of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) onto poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole transporting layer is improved by exploiting the cooperative effect of graphene oxide (GO) and glucose inclusion. The glucose, in addition, triggers the reduction of GO, enhancing the conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS+GO+glucose based nanocomposite. The relevance of this approach toward photovoltaic applications is demonstrated by fabricating a hysteresis‐free MAPbI3 solar cells displaying a ≈37% improvement in power conversion efficiency if compared to a device grown onto pristine PEDOT:PSS. Most importantly, VOC reaches values over 1.05 V that are among the highest ever reported for PEDOT:PSS p‐i‐n device architecture, suggesting minimal recombination losses, high hole‐selectivity, and reduced trap density at the PEDOT:PSS along with optimized MAPbI3 coverage.
Text-Independent Dialect Classiﬁcation in Read and Spontaneous Speech

Linguistic diversity and the fundamental freedom of users of language technology (LT) to access information and knowledge in their own language(s) or dialect(s) lead to certain requirements with regard to truly multilingual language technologies, in particular for under-resourced languages and application domains. One key issue is the low-threshold creation of high-quality speech corpora and the corresponding annotation data to train powerful analysis or classiﬁcation algorithms as a base for state-of-the-art language technology. Dialects constitute an important part of the mentioned linguistic diversity. In this contribution, we shortly discuss basic concepts of automatic dialect classiﬁcation (ADC) with a focus on methods that do not require expensive prior annotation or labeling. Starting with text-independent ADC methods for well-studied major languages and summarizing our results of a case study on read and spontaneous German, we convey necessary development steps for under-resourced language data and a possible processing chain.
Identification of Natural Compounds as Possible Anti-Allergic Drugs using Molecular Docking Analysis

Allergic diseases have been increasing all over the world, especially allergic respiratory diseases whose incidence is rising at an alarming. Less side effects and low cost of natural resources open new avenues for the treatment of various diseases including allergy and also using computational approaches minimizes experimental time in drug design. Therefore, this study aimed to target C-Chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) as potential therapeutic target for Allergic respiratory diseases because it mediates the chemotactic response to binding of several chemokines which are highly expressed in the airways of asthmatic patients. The homology model of the target protein was built using MODELLER 9v16 and validated by Ramachandran plot. The modeled structure was virtually screened against natural product database by means of molecular docking approaches. Ligands with low binding affinity were further studied for their pharmacokinetics and drug-likeness properties. Those that are non-substrate to P-gp, inhibitors to CYP450 and with good drug-likeness properties are selected as the hits compounds. Binding analysis of the hits compounds and CCR3 was carried out using Autodock 4.2. Therefore, Ligands with good binding energy and pharmacokinetic properties are recommended to establish ideal lead candidates for the treatment of allergic airway diseases.
User-Oriented Solving and Explaining of Natural Language Logic Grid Puzzles

Inspired by the 2019 Holy Grail Challenge, we present ZEBRATUTOR, a mostly automated tool that solves a logic grid puzzle (also known as a Zebra puzzle) given the clues in natural language clues and a list of the entities in the puzzle. The challenge is to both handle the natural language input, and to produce a human-understandable explanation of how the solution is obtained. We achieve this by translating the natural language clues into logic using a typed version of the semantical framework of Blackburn and Bos. The logical representation is then used in a novel explanation-based reasoning procedure, on top of the IDP knowledge base system. A novel aspect of the explanation is that it is ordered by mental effort required to understand the reasoning step, which is estimated by the number of previously derived facts needed to derive new facts. The outcome is a stepwise visualisation of the clue(s) used and the resulting changes on the grid. This can be used both to solve a puzzle, or as a step-wise ‘help’ function for people stuck while solving a puzzle.
Study the Factors Affecting the Quality Assurance of Superficial RadiotherapyX-RayMachine

The aim of this study was to analyze factors influencing the quality assurance of superficial radiotherapy X-raymachine such as dose output reproducibility, linearity, kV accuracy, time accuracy. Moreover the entrance skin dose for hand, face and nose using Perspex phantom was measured. We measured these factors and entrance skin doses using Unidose master connected with 0.2 cc soft X-Ray Chamber type 23342, which was placed above a Perspex phantom inside the chosen field size of used applicator on the couch.The reproducibility of dose output was 0.17%, the kilo voltage accuracy percentage and time accuracy percentage were ranged from . 38 to 0.87 % and -0.96 to 3.4 % respectively. Linearity of radiotherapy X-ray machine was 0.02which lower than the tolerance limit of the American Association of physicist in Medicine reference value, the limit specified in the academic literature and international publications. The relative error for entrance skin dose equals 3%. The entrance skin doses for face, nose and hand were 56.68 ± 0.307, 241.2 ± 2.15 and 60.52 ± 0.104 mGy respectively. The tests for the quality assurance of superficial radiotherapy X-ray machine was compared and assessed with the international tolerance.