Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Open Collaborative Development of the Thai Language Resources for Natural Language Processing

Language Resources are recognized as an essential component in linguistic infrastructure and a starting point of Natural Language Processing systems and applications. In this paper, we describe the achievement of the development and the use of Thai Language Resources germinated with an open collaboration platform, under the collaboration between research institutes. The resources include either text or speech. Text resources are divided into lexicon database and annotated corpus. We started developing a corpus-based Thai-English lexicon database (LEXiTRON) since 1994. It was originated from a dictionary designed for using in developing a machine translation system. Since then the Thai POS was designed and evaluated in several applications (word segmentation, machine translation, grapheme-to-phoneme, etc.) Extending the lexicon database, POS tagged corpus (ORCHID), and speech corpora for both synthesis and recognition are developed and functioned as an important part of research and development on NLP or HLT. These language resources are available for academic experiment.
On becoming a coach: a pilot intervention study with managers in long-term care.

BACKGROUND Health care leaders have called for the development of communication and leadership skills to improve manager-employee relationships, employee job satisfaction, quality care, and work environments. PURPOSES The aim of the study reported here was to pilot how a 2-day coaching workshop ("Coaching for Impressive CARE") conducted as a leadership development strategy influenced frontline care managers' coaching practices in residential long-term care (LTC) settings. We had four objectives: (a) to identify managers' perceptions of their role as a coach of employee performance in LTC facilities, (b) to understand managers' intentions to coach employee performance, (c) to examine opportunities and factors that contributed to or challenged implementation of workshop coaching skills in daily leadership/management practice, and (d) to examine managers' reports of using coaching practices and employee responses after the workshop. METHODS We used an exploratory/descriptive design involving pre-/post-workshop surveys, e-mail reminders, and focus groups to examine participation of 21 LTC managers in a 2-day coaching workshop and their use of coaching practices in the workplace. FINDINGS Focus group findings provided examples of how participants used their coaching skills in practice (e.g., communicating empathy) and how staff responded. Factors contributing to and challenging implementation of these coaching skills in the workplace were identified. Attitudes and intentions to be a coach increased significantly, and some coaching skills were used more frequently after the workshop, specifically planning for performance change with employees. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The coaching workshop was feasible to implement, well received by participants, influenced their willingness to become coaches, and had some noted impact on their use of coaching behaviors in the workplace. Coaching skills by managers to improve staff performance with residents in LTC facilities can be learned.
Clinical significance of quantitative immunohistology in labial salivary glands for diagnosing Sjogren's syndrome.

OBJECTIVES Because patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are at risk of developing other autoimmune phenomena and malignant lymphoma, it is important to distinguish pSS from non-Sjögren's (nSS) sicca syndrome. However, this distinction might be difficult because of the lack of a gold standard for pSS. We studied the clinical significance of quantitative immunohistology (QIH) in labial salivary glands for diagnosing pSS. METHODS In a model mimicking the making of a clinical diagnosis, five experts diagnosed 396 patients as nSS, 'indefinite', pSS or secondary SS (sSS) using 25 clinical parameters. Patients were diagnosed twice, namely without (yielding gold-standard diagnoses) and with knowledge of QIH. The numbers of changes in diagnosis from 'indefinite' to 'definite' (nSS, pSS or sSS) or vice versa were compared. Patient groups with vs without a changed diagnosis in the four gold-standard diagnosis groups were compared regarding objective autoimmune parameters. RESULTS Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for abnormal QIH in pSS vs nSS were 93, 86, 76 and 96%, respectively. Changes in diagnosis from 'indefinite' to 'definite' (31%) were found more often (P = 0.00) than changes from 'definite' to 'indefinite' (10%). Knowledge of QIH distinguished patient groups within the gold-standard nSS, indefinite and pSS patient group with regard to autoimmune parameters. CONCLUSION In view of the consequences of distinguishing pSS from nSS, these results point to an additional diagnostic role for QIH in clinical practice.
Traffic Engineering Based on Model Predictive Control

SUMMARY In recent years, the time variation of Internet traﬃc has increased due to the growth of streaming and cloud services. Backbone networks must accommodate such traﬃc without congestion. Traﬃc engineering with traﬃc prediction is one approach to stably accommodating time-varying traﬃc. In this approach, routes are calculated from predicted traﬃc to avoid congestion, but predictions may include errors that cause congestion. We propose prediction-based traﬃc engineering that is robust against prediction errors. To achieve robust control, our method uses model predictive control, a process control method based on prediction of system dynamics. Routes are calculated so that future congestion is avoided without sudden route changes. We apply calculated routes for the next time slot, and observe traﬃc. Using the newly observed traﬃc, we again predict traf-ﬁc and re-calculate the routes. Repeating these steps mitigates the impact of prediction errors, because traﬃc predictions are corrected in each time slot. Through simulations using backbone network traﬃc traces, we demonstrate that our method can avoid the congestion that the other methods cannot.
Dynamic decoupling control for radial position of bearingless induction motor based on neural networks inverse system

The operation principle of bearingless induction motor was introduced, and then the mathematical equation of the radial force model for the bearingless induction motor with conventional 4-pole stator windings and additional 2-pole windings was transformed. A decoupling control method named as neural network inverse system (NNIS) was presented for the radial suspending model of bearingless induction motor. Aimed at the nonlinear and strongly coupled characteristics, the model is analyzed with reversibility and proved to be reversible. The multi variable, strongly coupled, nonlinear system was dynamic decoupled into two linear displacement subsystems by connecting a NNIS before the bearingless induction motor. Then the two decoupled linear subsystems were synthesized under the help of lineal closed-loop controllers. The simulation test results show that independent control on two degrees of freedom of radial position for the bearingless induction motor can be realized through NNIS method and the dynamic and static performance of the closed loop system designed is satisfactory.
Hardware Designs for Exactly Rounded Elemantary Functions

This paper presents hardware designs that produce exactly rounded results for the functions of reciprocal, square-root, 2/sup x/, and log/sub 2/(x). These designs use polynomial approximation in which the terms in the approximation are generated in parallel, and then summed by using a multi-operand adder. To reduce the number of terms in the approximation, the input interval is partitioned into subintervals of equal size, and different coefficients are used for each subinterval. The coefficients used in the approximation are initially determined based on the Chebyshev series approximation. They are then adjusted to obtain exactly rounded results for all inputs. Hardware designs are presented, and delay and area comparisons are made based on the degree of the approximating polynomial and the accuracy of the final result. For single-precision floating point numbers, a design that produces exactly rounded results for all four functions has an estimated delay of 80 ns and a total chip area of 98 mm/sup 2/ in a 1.0-micron CMOS technology. Allowing the results to have a maximum error of one unit in the last place reduces the computational delay by 5% to 30% and the area requirements by 33% to 77%. >
An investigation of methods for enriching trophoblast from maternal blood

Trophoblast deportation is known to occur in normal human pregnancy, but it is not yet clear whether these cells routinely enter the maternal peripheral circulation and are available as a source of fetal DNA for non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. To resolve this issue requires an efficient method of enriching trophoblast from maternal blood combined with a means to confirm its identity. Five different techniques were tested on ten retroplacental blood samples to determine the most sensitive and operator‐efficient method. Lysis of red cells alone gave the best recovery of trophoblast but had to be discounted, together with Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, due to the very low purity and the excessive time required. Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) of pre‐enriched trophoblast resulted in the lowest recovery rate (8 per cent) despite a 3250‐fold enrichment and a very high purity. Immunomagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with anti‐CD 16 antibody proved to be the best method for the subsequent immunocytochemical characterization of deported trophoblast. However, IO beads coated with anti‐CD45 antibody may be more useful for isolating trophoblast for prenatal diagnosis due to the high purity, enrichment (32‐fold), and recovery rate (78 per cent) obtained with this method.
Presence of Dynamin—Syntaxin Complexes Associated with Secretory Granules in Adrenal Chromaffin Cells

Abstract: Dynamin proteins have been implicated in many aspects of endocytosis, including clathrin‐mediated endocytosis, internalization of caveolae, synaptic vesicle recycling, and, more recently, vesicular trafficking to and from the Golgi complex. To provide further insight into the function(s) of dynamin in neuroendocrine cells, we have examined its intracellular distribution in cultured chromaffin cells by subcellular fractionation, immunoreplica analysis, and confocal immunofluorescence. We found that dynamin, presumably the dynamin‐2 isoform, is associated specifically with the membrane of purified secretory chromaffin granules. Oligomerization state analysis by sucrose density velocity gradients indicated that the granule‐associated dynamin is in a monomeric form. Immunoprecipitation experiments coupled to double‐labeling immunofluorescence cytochemistry revealed that the granular dynamin is associated with a syntaxin component that is not involved in the granule‐bound SNARE complex. The possibility that dynamin participates in the coupling of the exocytotic and endocytotic reaction through the building of a granular membrane subset of proteins is discussed.
Migrating Songbirds Recalibrate Their Magnetic Compass Daily from Twilight Cues

Night migratory songbirds can use stars, sun, geomagnetic field, and polarized light for orientation when tested in captivity. We studied the interaction of magnetic, stellar, and twilight orientation cues in free-flying songbirds. We exposed Catharus thrushes to eastward-turned magnetic fields during the twilight period before takeoff and then followed them for up to 1100 kilometers. Instead of heading north, experimental birds flew westward. On subsequent nights, the same individuals migrated northward again. We suggest that birds orient with a magnetic compass calibrated daily from twilight cues. This could explain how birds cross the magnetic equator and deal with declination.
Development and validation of a postmortem radiological alteration index : the RA-Index EGGER

This study aimed to derive an index quantifying the state of alteration of cadavers by quantifying the presence of gas in the body using postmortem multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging, and to validate the index by defining its sensitivity and specificity. The RA (radiological alteration)-index was derived from postmortem MDCT data from 118 nontraumatically deceased people. To validate the index, 100 additional scanned bodies (50 % traumatically deceased) were retrospectively examined by two independent observers. Presence of gas at 82 sites was assessed by a radiologist, whereas a forensic pathologist only investigated the seven sites used for the RA-index. The RA-index was highly correlated to the overall presence of gas in all 82 sites (R(2) = 0.98 in the derivation set and 0.85 in the validation set). Semiquantitative evaluation of gas presence in each site showed moderate reliability (Cohen's kappa range, 0.41-0.78); nevertheless, the overall RA-index was very reliable (ICC(2,1) = 0.95; 95 % CI 0.92-0.96). Examiner using the RA-index detected heart cavities full of gas with a sensitivity of 100 % [. ] EGGER, Coraline, et al. Development and validation of a postmortem radiological alteration index: the RA-Index. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 2012, vol. 126, no. 4, p.
Time correlation between the radio and gamma-ray activity in blazars and the production site of the gamma-ray emission

In order to determine the location of the gamma-ray emission site in blazars, we investigate the time-domain relationship between their radio and gamma-ray emission. Light curves for the brightest detected blazars from the first 3 yr of the mission of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope are cross-correlated with 4 yr of 15 GHz observations from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory 40 m monitoring programme. The large sample and long light-curve duration enable us to carry out a statistically robust analysis of the significance of the cross-correlations, which is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations including the uneven sampling and noise properties of the light curves. Modelling the light curves as red noise processes with power-law power spectral densities, we find that only one of 41 sources with high-quality data in both bands shows correlations with significance larger than 3σ (AO 0235+164), with only two more larger than even 2. 25σ (PKS 1502+106 and B2 2308+34). Additionally, we find correlated variability in Mrk 421 when including a strong flare that occurred in 2012 July–September. These results demonstrate very clearly the difficulty of measuring statistically robust multiwavelength correlations and the care needed when comparing light curves even when many years of data are used. This should be a caution. In all four sources, the radio variations lag the gamma-ray variations, suggesting that the gamma-ray emission originates upstream of the radio emission. Continuous simultaneous monitoring over a longer time period is required to obtain high significance levels in cross-correlations between gamma-ray and radio variability in most blazars.
The actomyosin interaction and its control by tropomyosin.

be perturbed by an increase in hydrostatic pressure, the actin-induced ac-celeration of the product release from myosin is coupled to the A to R isomerisation; tropomyosin may control actin and myosin interaction by controlling the isomerisation step and finally pressure perturbations of con-tracting muscle fibres shows there to be a close coupling between the isomerisation of acto-Sl and the force generating event of muscle contraction" (Geeves, 1992, p. 63).
Cigarette smoking and lung cancer cell types

The role of tobacco smoke in the development of lung cancer is well known for squamous and small cell types, somewhat less so for adenocarcinoma, and not specifically assessed for large cell carcinoma. In the current analysis, based on 851 men and 507 women with lung cancer and their matched controls (888 men and 608 women), smoking was associated with each lung cancer cell type, and differences in smoking habits by cell types were small. However, the increase of lung cancer risk according to number of cigarettes per day was stronger for small cell and oat cell carcinoma than for adenocarcinoma. There was no increase for large cell carcinoma. For squamous cell carcinoma, this dose response was weak among men and strong among women. The strength of the association between smoking and lung cancer cell types may be related to cancer location, with more peripheral lung cancer types (such as adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma) showing weaker associations than more central tumors (such as squamous or small cell and oat cell carcinoma).
All-optical clock recovery using a quantum-dash Fabry-Pérot laser

The performance of a quantum-dash Fabry-Pérot laser is experimentally characterized for 40 Gb/s RZ-DPSK and NRZ-DPSK clock recovery, 40 Gb/s RZ-OOK all-optical 3R regeneration, and 160 Gb/s OTDM sub-harmonic clock recovery.
Preoperative Prolonged Steroid Use Is Not Associated with Intraoperative Blood Transfusion in Noncardiac Surgical Patients

Background:Prolonged steroid therapy is reportedly associated with changes in coagulation, suggesting increased intraoperative bleeding or hypercoagulability. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess whether long-term steroid use was associated with increased transfusion requirements, infection, or hypercoagulability in adults undergoing noncardiac surgery. Methods:In this study the authors evaluated 363,897 patients from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Patients with current pneumonia, ventilator dependence, coma, tumor involving the central nervous system, disseminated cancer, preoperative open wound/wound infection, and/or bleeding disorders were excluded. Each steroid user was matched to a nonsteroid user based on propensity score and type of surgery. Results:296,059 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 7,760 (2.6%) were taking steroids preoperatively. The incidence of intraoperative erythrocyte transfusion was 3.6% in the steroid user and 7.3% in non–steroid-user groups. After matching, the mean [95% confidence interval] number of units transfused was 0.22 [0.19, 0.25] units in the nonsteroid group and 0.19 [0.17, 0.22] units in the steroid group which was not statistically significant (P = 0.24, Wald test). Steroid users were 24% [2, 49] more likely to experience 30-day postoperative systemic infection and 21% [3, 41] more likely to experience postoperative wound infection than nonusers. The risks of postoperative thromboembolic complications did not differ significantly. Conclusions:The effect of prolonged steroid use on bleeding, if any, thus seems likely to be small and is probably of limited clinical consequence. In contrast, corticosteroid use augments the risk of both systemic and wound infections.
Inherent risks associated with manufacture of bioengineered ocular surface tissue.

OBJECTIVE To review the potential health risks associated with bioengineered ocular surface tissue, which serves as a bellwether for other tissues. METHODS All clinical trials using bioengineered ocular surface tissue published between July 1, 1996, and June 30, 2005, were reviewed with respect to materials used and statements of risk assessment, risk remediation, adverse events, manufacturing standards, and regulatory oversight. RESULTS Ninety-five percent of investigational protocols used 1 or more animal-derived products and an overlapping 95% used 1 or more donor human tissues. Consideration of risks reveals a very low probability of potential harm but a significant risk of disability or death if such an event were to occur. Details of ethics approval, patient consent, and donor serologic test results were not consistently provided. No references were made to risk assessment or to codes of manufacturing and clinical practice. CONCLUSION While a degree of risk is associated with bioengineered ocular surface tissue, investigational reports of this new technology have yet to address issues of risk management and regulatory oversight. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Attention to risk and codes of manufacturing and clinical practice will be required for advancement of the technology. We suggest the adoption of international standards to address these issues.
Estimation of the diversity performance of several two-antenna systems in different propagation environments

In this paper, we propose the computation of the envelope correlation (rhoe), the diversity system gain (DSG) and the mean effective gain (MEG) of two-antenna systems (with and without the neutralization technique) in indoor and outdoor environments from the simulated radiation patterns. The analysis of the results demonstrates the overall improvement brought back by the neutralization technique.
A distortion correction algorithm for fish-eye panoramic image of master-slave camera

The Master-Slave camera that composed of a fish-eye panoramic camera and a PTZ dome camera has been applied in many fields. Since the fish-eye panoramic camera's incline towards the gravity direction in Master-Slave camera system, the captured panoramic image has obvious horizontal distortion. In order to correct this particular type of distortion, a distortion correction method is proposed based on Midpoint Circle Algorithm (MCA). This method aims to determine the pixel positions along a circle circumference based on incremental calculation of decision parameters, and both of the vertical and horizontal are rectilinearised. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed distortion correction method is efficient and effective. The proposed algorithm can be applied on embedded camera platform without any extra hardware resources due to its low computational cost.
A Microbiological Study of Primary Root-caries Lesions with Different Treatment Needs

Samples of altered or carious dentin for microbiological culture were obtained from 301 primary root-caries lesions in 59 patients by means of a standardized sampling procedure. This involved the cleansing of each root surface of extraneous supragingival plaque by means of a hand-held toothbrush and distilled water and the collection of the sample with a sterile dental excavator passed through the entire vertical dimension of each lesion. The total number of colony-forming units (cfu) in each sample and the numbers of mutans streptococci (primarily Streptococcus mutans), lactobacilli, yeasts, and Gram-positive pleomorphic rods (GPPR) were determined. Individual bacterial counts were expressed as log10 (cfu per sample), as a percentage of the total number of bacteria per sample, and as a frequency of isolation from lesions with different clinical diagnostic criteria. Clinical measurements of each lesion were made for color, texture, position relative to the gingival margin, and treatment need. Lesions classified as soft yielded significantly more bacteria, mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, and GPPR than leathery lesions, which yielded more bacteria than hard lesions. Lesions were classified into 5 treatment categories: soft and restore, leathery and restore, leathery and debride of caries; leathery and treat therapeutically; and hard no treatment. The total numbers of bacteria, mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, GPPR, and yeasts decreased significantly with decreasing treatment need. The frequency of isolation of mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, and yeasts was significantly greater from lesions requiring restoration and from lesions situated within 1 mm of the gingival margin. We suggest that the majority of root caries is initiated adjacent to the gingival margin.