Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Female Athletic Trainers on Motherhood and Work-Life Balance: Individual- and Sociocultural-Level Factors.

CONTEXT A multilevel model of work-life balance (WLB) has been established in the sports management literature to explain interactions among organizational/structural, individual, and sociocultural factors and their effects on individual responses and attitudes toward WLB. These factors influence experiences and outcomes related to WLB. OBJECTIVE To examine individual and sociocultural factors that may influence perceptions of female athletic trainers (ATs) employed in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I setting, particularly any sex-specific influences. DESIGN Qualitative study. SETTING National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 27 women (14 single with no children, 6 married with no children, 7 married with children) currently employed as full-time ATs in the Division I setting participated. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Participants responded to a series of open-ended questions via reflective journaling. Data were examined using a general inductive approach. Trustworthiness was established by multiple-analyst triangulation, member interpretive review, and peer review. RESULTS Participants recognized that their sex played a role in assessing WLB and a long-term career as an AT. In addition, they identified various individual- and sociocultural-level factors that affected their perceptions of WLB and attitudes toward a career goal. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that female ATs may hold traditional sex ideologies of parenting and family roles, which may influence their potential for career longevity.
Spinal-Exercise Prescription in Sport: Classifying Physical Training and Rehabilitation by Intention and Outcome.

CONTEXT Identification of strategies to prevent spinal injury, optimize rehabilitation, and enhance performance is a priority for practitioners. Different exercises produce different effects on neuromuscular performance. Clarity of the purpose of a prescribed exercise is central to a successful outcome. Spinal exercises need to be classified according to the objective of the exercise and planned physical outcome. OBJECTIVE To define the modifiable spinal abilities that underpin optimal function during skilled athletic performance, clarify the effect of spinal pain and pathologic conditions, and classify spinal exercises according to the objective of the exercise and intended physical outcomes to inform training and rehabilitation. DESIGN Qualitative study. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We conducted a qualitative consensus method of 4 iterative phases. An exploratory panel carried out an extended review of the English-language literature using CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed to identify key themes and subthemes to inform the definitions of exercise categories, physical abilities, and physical outcomes. An expert project group reviewed panel findings. A draft classification was discussed with physiotherapists (n = 49) and international experts. Lead physiotherapy and strength and conditioning teams (n = 17) reviewed a revised classification. Consensus was defined as unanimous agreement. RESULTS After the literature review and subsequent analysis, we defined spinal abilities in 4 categories: mobility, motor control, work capacity, and strength. Exercises were subclassified by functionality as nonfunctional or functional and by spinal displacement as either static (neutral spinal posture with no segmental displacement) or dynamic (dynamic segmental movement). The proposed terminology and classification support commonality of language for practitioners. CONCLUSIONS The spinal-exercise classification will support clinical reasoning through a framework of spinal-exercise objectives that clearly define the nature of the exercise prescription required to deliver intended physical outcomes.
Ankle-Dorsiflexion Range of Motion After Ankle Self-Stretching Using a Strap.

CONTEXT A variety of ankle self-stretching exercises have been recommended to improve ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) in individuals with limited ankle dorsiflexion. A strap can be applied to stabilize the talus and facilitate anterior glide of the distal tibia at the talocrural joint during ankle self-stretching exercises. Novel ankle self-stretching using a strap (SSS) may be a useful method of improving ankle DFROM. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of 2 ankle-stretching techniques (static stretching versus SSS) on ankle DFROM. DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING University research laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Thirty-two participants with limited active dorsiflexion (<20°) while sitting (14 women and 18 men) were recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The participants performed 2 ankle self-stretching techniques (static stretching and SSS) for 3 weeks. Active DFROM (ADFROM), passive DFROM (PDFROM), and the lunge angle were measured. An independent t test was used to compare the improvements in these values before and after the 2 stretching interventions. The level of statistical significance was set at α = . 05. RESULTS Active DFROM and PDFROM were greater in both stretching groups after the 3-week interventions. However, ADFROM, PDFROM, and the lunge angle were greater in the SSS group than in the static-stretching group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Ankle SSS is recommended to improve ADFROM, PDFROM, and the lunge angle in individuals with limited DFROM.
The Use of 2 Conditioning Programs and the Fitness Characteristics of Police Academy Cadets.

CONTEXT Police academy training must physically prepare cadets for the rigors of their occupational tasks to prevent injury and allow them to adequately perform their duties. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of 2 physical training programs on multiple fitness measures in police cadets. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Police training academy. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS We collected data from 70 male (age = 27.4 ± 5.9 years, body weight = 85.4 ± 11.8 kg) and 20 female (age = 30.5 ± 5.8 years, body weight = 62.8 ± 11.0 kg) police cadets and analyzed data from 61 male cadets (age = 27.5 ± 5.5 years, body weight = 87.7 ± 13.2 kg). INTERVENTION(S) Participants completed one of two 6-month training programs. The randomized training group (RTG; n = 50), comprising 4 separate and sequential groups (n = 13, n = 11, n = 13, n = 13), completed a randomized training program that incorporated various strength and endurance exercises chosen on the day of training. The periodized group (PG; n = 11) completed a periodized training program that alternated specific phases of training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Anthropometric fitness measures were body weight, fat mass, and lean body mass. Muscular and metabolic fitness measures were 1-repetition maximum bench press, push-up and sit-up repetitions performed in 1 minute, vertical jump, 300-m sprint, and 2.4-km run. RESULTS The RTG demonstrated improvements in all outcome measures between pretraining and posttraining; however, the improvements varied among the 4 individual RTGs. Conversely, the PG displayed improvements in only 3 outcome measures (push-ups, sit-ups, and 300-m sprint) but approached the level of significance set for this study (P < .01) in body weight, fat mass, and 1-repetition maximum bench press. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of format, physical training programs can improve the fitness of tactical athletes. In general, physical fitness measures appeared to improve more in the RTG than in the PG. However, this observation varied among groups, and injury rates were not compared.
A Comparison of 2 Practical Cooling Methods on Cycling Capacity in the Heat.

CONTEXT Cooling the torso and neck can improve exercise performance and capacity in a hot environment; however, the proposed mechanisms for the improvements often differ. OBJECTIVE To directly compare the effects of cooling the neck and torso region using commercially available devices on exercise capacity in a hot environment (temperature = 35°C ± 0.1°C, relative humidity = 50.1% ± 0.7%). DESIGN Crossover study. SETTING Laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Eight recreationally active, nonheat-acclimated men (age = 24 ± 4 years, height = 1.82 ± 0.10 m, mass = 80.3 ± 9.7 kg, maximal power output = 240 ± 25 W). INTERVENTION(S) Three cycling capacity tests at 60% maximal power output to volitional exhaustion: 1 with no cooling (NC), 1 with vest cooling (VC), and 1 with a neck cooling collar (CC). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Time to volitional exhaustion, rectal temperature, mean skin temperature, torso and neck skin temperature, body mass, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, and feeling scale were measured. RESULTS Participants cycled longer with VC (32.2 ± 9.5 minutes) than NC (27. 6 ± 7.6 minutes; P = .03; d = 0.54) or CC (30.0 ± 8.8 minutes; P = .02; d = 0.24). We observed no difference between NC and CC (P = .12; d = 0.31). Neck and torso temperature and perceived thermal sensation were reduced with the use of cooling modalities (P < .001), but no other variables were affected. CONCLUSIONS Cycling capacity in the heat improved when participants used a commercially available cooling vest, but we observed no benefit from wearing a commercially available CC. The vest and the collar did not alter the heart rate, rectal temperature, skin temperature, or sweat-loss responses to the cycling bout.
Offering Relationship Education (PREP) for Couples During Pregnancy : Self-Selection Patterns

The aim of the study was to investigate patterns of self-selection into the Prevention and Relationship Education Program (PREP) as it was offered universally to expectant couples attending maternity services in a Swedish town. The baseline questionnaire was answered by 141 couples, of whom 63% later participated in PREP, and 37% served as a comparison group. The results showed that couples who chose to participate in PREP had a shorter relationship, were more often unmarried first-time parents, and reported lower levels of relationship adjustment. PREP participants also had higher scores of depressive symptoms and poorer self-rated health. It seems that expectant couples are interested in preventive relationship education and that couples with more risk factors for vulnerable relationships self-selected into PREP when the program was offered universally during pregnancy. The selection pattern into PREP has interesting implications for public health interventions and their dissemination.
The Role of Lymphatic Vessels in Renal Injury

Progressive kidney diseases are characterized by the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the tubulointerstitium, tubular atrophy and fibrosis. The number of lymphatic vessels increases in the interstitium during this process (i.e. neolymphangiogenesis). Here we will describe the current evidence for neolymphangiogenesis during renal injury, summarize the major factors involved and discuss the functional consequences. Data are emerging that central profibrotic players like TGF-β also mediate the release of lymphangiogenic factors such as VEGF-C and VEGF-D in the kidney. Furthermore, in other organs activation of TGF-β by VEGF-C has been described. The complex interactions of profibrotic and lymphangiogenic factors might explain why lymphangiogenesis was found to be associated with fibrosis in some models, but a reduction in fibrosis in others. It is likely that the functional consequences of lymphangiogenesis depend on the stage of the disease course and the microenvironment where it takes place. Studies are needed where lymphangiogenesis is switched on or off at defined time points. However such data are not yet available in models of renal diseases.
Engaging new nurses: the role of psychological capital and workplace empowerment

The purpose of this study was to test a hypothesised model linking perceptions of workplace empowerment and psychological capital (PsyCap) to new graduate nurses’ work engagement by integrating theories of empowerment, PsyCap and work engagement. In response to the nursing shortage, efforts are needed to retain nurses by creating empowering work environments that leverage employee PsyCap to foster work engagement. A secondary analysis of data (n = 205) from a study by Laschinger et al. (2012) was conducted to test the hypothesised model. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the influence of empowerment and psychological capital on new graduate nurses’ work engagement. Measures of structural empowerment (Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II), PsyCap (Psychological Capital Questionnaire) and work engagement (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale) were used. The hypothesised model was supported. The combined effect of workplace empowerment and PsyCap explained 38% of the variance in new nurses’ work engagement. Workplace empowerment and PsyCap were significant independent predictors of work engagement (β = 0.45 and 0.36, p < 0.05, respectively). The results suggest that the combination of personal and organisational resources is related to greater work engagement among new graduate nurses.
Pain as a confounding factor in postnatal depression screening

Background. Postnatal depression (PND) is one of the most serious complications following delivery in developed countries today. Thus, early screening strategies by first-line healthcare workers are of primary importance. Pain following childbirth has been proposed as a possible risk-marker for later depressive disorder. We tested this assumption and explored the possible link between pain and overestimation of PND risk in routine clinical screenings. Methods. We assessed 320 women between the third and fifth day after delivery as well as at 8 weeks post-partum (PP). Midwives were asked to evaluate the risk of later PND upon discharge from the maternity unit; additionally, pain measurements were obtained using the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) over the same time period. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk markers linked to a positive depressive disorder diagnosis (according to the MINI-DSM-IV) at 8 weeks PP. Results and discussion. Multivariate risk analysis showed no statistical link between physical pain shortly after childbirth and subsequent PND diagnosis at 8 weeks PP. However, VAS measurements for pain were significantly higher for women that the midwives estimated to be at risk for PND (|Z| = 2.78, p = 0.005), suggesting the routine clinical screening for PND is susceptible for false-positives. Psychiatrists should encourage midwives to have an empathetic approach, to increase the detection as well as treatment of mental and physical suffering in early postpartum. At the same time, adequate education programmes for early PND screening should be proposed to non-psychiatric staffs to demonstrate that women at risk of PND often show minimal physical symptoms.
New record of Steinernema arenarium (Artyukhovsky) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) from Ukraine and a note on its distribution

During a survey of the biodiversity of entomopathogenic nematodes in Ukraine, a population of Steinernema arenarium, strain Ch, was recovered in the sensitive Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. In the present work, this strain was morphologically and molecularly characterised using light microscopy and the sequences of the ITS and D2–D3 region of the 28S rDNA. In addition, we sequenced the ITS and D2–D3 regions of four populations of S. arenarium from a laboratory collection. Phylogenetic analyses were performed and the phylogenetic structure and geographic distribution of S. arenarium are discussed.
Recovery after unsuccessful in vitro fertilization: the complex role of resilience and marital relationships

Abstract The failure rate of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is around 75% per cycle. These unsuccessful attempts can provoke acute clinical depression and other problems. Although practitioners often recommend cognitive reappraisal, rather than avoidance, to cope with these difficulties, previous research has not established the psychosocial determinants of adaptive coping strategies. Arguably, resilience could encourage cognitive reappraisal, because resilient individuals feel confident they can overcome their emotions, whereas marital quality could prevent avoidance, because individuals feel secure enough to reflect upon their distress. Consequently, resilience and marital quality could facilitate recovery over time. To explore these possibilities, 184 women, all of whom had unsuccessfully completed IVF treatment, completed a questionnaire that gauged their levels of self-reported depression since their last IVF attempt as well as resilience and marital quality. Immediately after the unsuccessful attempt, resilience was inversely, whereas marital quality was positively, related to depression. However, within this cross-sectional sample after greater time had elapsed, marital quality became increasingly beneficial and was negatively associated with depression. These findings imply that resilience can curb the initial distress; in contrast, marital quality may enable individuals to reflect upon their trauma, initially amplifying distress but eventually facilitating recovery. Future research would benefit from longitudinal studies, illustrating whether resilience and marital quality at one time predict changes in distress at subsequent times.
Position Trajectory Tracking of a Quadrotor based on L1 Adaptive Control

Abstract This paper presents an adaptive backstepping controller for the position trajectory tracking of a quadrotor. The design adopts and modifies the L1 adaptive control approach for nonlinear reference systems to fit into the backstepping design and to decouple the nominal controller from the adaptation. The controller compensates for all model uncertainties and all bounded disturbances within a particular frequency range. A stability criterion and verifiable bounds on the system signals are derived. Simulations and experimental tests demonstrate the powerful properties of the presented controller.
Autonomous driving – a top-down-approach

Abstract This paper presents a functional system architecture for an “autonomous vehicle” in the sense of a modular building block system. It is developed in a top-down approach based on the definition of the functional requirements for an autonomous vehicle and explicitly combines perception-based and localization-based approaches. Both the definition and the functional system architecture consider the aspects operating by the human being, mission accomplishment, map data, localization, environmental and self-perception as well as cooperation. The functional system architecture is developed in the context of the research project “Stadtpilot” at the Technische Universität Braunschweig.
The Global Emergence of Advanced Practice Nurses in Providing Home and Community Health Care Services

Organizations, health systems, and interested individuals globally are assessing and investigating issues related to community health care services, home health management, and advanced nursing practice. Scarcity of financial and human resources has motivated health care policy makers to rise to the challenge to explore skill mix in the health care workforce in the hope of improving multidisciplinary collaboration in the provision of care for the world's populations. Nurses with advanced knowledge and skills are at the forefront of providing health care in home-based and community settings. This article describes the extent of this global phenomenon as it relates to advanced nursing practice and identifies a variety of international strategies utilized to introduce advanced practice nurses into health care systems.
Eyelid Surgery in Ocular Myopathies

ABSTRACT Objective: To retrospectively analyse surgical outcome and complications in patients with ocular myopathy undergoing ptosis correction and to introduce preoperative prophylactic lower lid elevation in this group. Methods: The medical records of all ocular myopathy patients who had undergone oculoplastic surgery between June 1995 and May 2006 were obtained. Patients’ demographics, surgical details and measurements, and complications were recorded. Results: 29 patients were identified; 21 with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), 7 with myotonic dystrophy (MD) and 1 with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD). Then, 61 procedures to adjust eyelid height were performed, comprising levator resection, brow suspension, anterior lamellar repositioning, lower lid elevation and upper lid lowering. Palpebral aperture was significantly increased in all patient groups, by procedure and diagnosis, more significantly following brow suspension compared with levator resection. The patients’ feedback was very positive. Post-operative complications were few, included corneal exposure and ulceration, ptosis recurrence, arched brow, and sling infection, all of which were successfully treated. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate subjective and objective benefit following surgery in these patients, with a low complication rate. The use of pre-operative prophylactic lower lid elevation procedures is a promising modality.
Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis: Clinical Profile and Surgical Management by Modified Dacryocystorhinostomy

Abstract Purpose: To describe the clinical profile and surgical management of patients with lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis. Methods: This is a retrospective interventional case series. Eighteen patients, who were clinically diagnosed as isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis between October 2009 to January 2012, were included in the study. Detailed history, including whether there was exposure to stagnant bathing water, was noted. All patients underwent modified dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) under general anaesthesia. Result: Out of 18 patients, 14 were male and 4 were female. Rhinosporidiosis was more prevalent in the 25 to 34 years age group. The most common clinical presentation was a doughy swelling over the lacrimal sac area, present in all cases. Twelve patients (66.67%) had a history of bathing in stagnant water. After modified DCR operation, all patients were followed for one year and only two patients had recurrence of their disease. Conclusion: Patients with lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis usually present with a soft, doughy swelling in the lacrimal sac area. Bathing in stagnant water is a common risk factor. A modified DCR yields excellent outcomes.