Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Melatonin Administration on Mitochondrial Activity and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are extensively linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. Melatonin is a pleiotropic molecule with antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of melatonin on oxidative stress markers, mitochondrial complex 1 activity, and mitochondrial respiratory control ratio in patients with PD. A double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 26 patients who received either 25 mg of melatonin or placebo at noon and 30 min before bedtime for three months. At the end of the trial, in patients who received melatonin, we detected a significant diminution of lipoperoxides, nitric oxide metabolites, and carbonyl groups in plasma samples from PD patients compared with the placebo group. Conversely, catalase activity was increased significantly in comparison with the placebo group. Compared with the placebo group, the melatonin group showed significant increases of mitochondrial complex 1 activity and respiratory control ratio. The fluidity of the membranes was similar in the melatonin group and the placebo group at baseline and after three months of treatment. In conclusion, melatonin administration was effective in reducing the levels of oxidative stress markers and restoring the rate of complex I activity and respiratory control ratio without modifying membrane fluidity. This suggests that melatonin could play a role in the treatment of PD.
The complete genome sequence of Eimeria tenella (Tyzzer 1929), a common gut parasite of chickens [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

We present a genome assembly from a clonal population of Eimeria tenella Houghton parasites (Apicomplexa; Conoidasida; Eucoccidiorida; Eimeriidae). The genome sequence is 53.25 megabases in span. The entire assembly is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with complete mitochondrion and apicoplast organellar genomes also present. The article (as Data Note) by Eerik Aunin and colleagues has produced a complete genome assembly and partially manually curated annotation of a clonal population of the apicomplexan parasite Eimeria tenella (Houghton strain) as part of the Darwin Tree of Life Project. E. tenella is a major parasite of chickens in the UK and worldwide and causes massive economic loss to poultry farming worldwide. Using a combination of single-molecule long reads (Pacific Biosciences), and 10X Genomics read clouds, they generated a set of primary assembly contigs which were subsequently scaffolded with the use of chromosome conformation Hi-C data. This resulted in 53.25 megabases assembly of the genome of E. tenella (Houghton), represented by 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules, along with complete organellar genomes (mitochondrion and apicoplast). Remarkably, the authors have provided sufficient evidence that E. tenella has 15 chromosomes (as opposed to 14 chromosomes reported previously) and all of them have telomeres attached to both ends – thus confirming the truly ‘complete’ nature of the assembly. The authors also re-annotated the genome with appropriate bioinformatics tools and with the use of bulk RNA-seq datasets generated as part of the original pan-Eimeria genome analysis study (Reid et al ., 2014). The revised assembly has 7,268 protein-coding genes (out of which 2,000 were annotated manually) – reflecting an impressive BUSCO completeness of 98.8%.
RMHP_A_316795 3755..3766

*These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: Although many findings on occupational musculoskeletal complaints are available from American and European dentists, the corresponding data from Germany are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide additional information on the prevalence of and risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity, particularly the shoulder in this specific population. Methods: A written survey was carried out among 600 dentists in the state of North RhineWestphalia, Germany. Questionnaire items included physical and psychosocial workload, general health, and the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms during the previous 12 months that led to sick leave and medical care according to a modified version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Regression analysis was used to evaluate relevant risk factors for severe musculoskeletal disorders. Results: A total of 229 dentists were participated in the study (response rate 38%). Overall, 92.6% of the participants had already suffered from musculoskeletal symptoms in at least one body region. Symptoms were mostly reported in the neck (65.1%) and in the shoulder (58.1%). Limitations in daily activities were experienced by 15.9% due to neck pain and by 15.4% due to shoulder pain. Medical care was sought by 23.7% because of neck pain and by 21.1% due to shoulder pain. Risk factors for symptoms in the upper extremity regions were gender (female), increased physical load, and numerous comorbidities. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among dentists. Suitable interventions are therefore needed to prevent musculoskeletal diseases and pain among dental professionals, with particular attention to female dentists.
Social Norms Matter: University Students’ Misbehaviors in the Metro Carriage

Metro travelers’ travel experience is highly influenced by fellow passengers’ misbehaviors such as eating or littering in the carriage and sound blaster, which are common in the metro carriage. Although operators have implemented various regulations to reduce misbehavior, little theoretical research has investigated such behavior motivators to provide targeted guidelines for specific passenger segments. To this end, this study explores how demographic and perceived social norms of university students affect their misbehaviors, i.e., eating in the carriage, public display of affection, sound blaster, cross-legged sitting, leaning against the pole, and littering, in the metro carriage of Shanghai, China. With the structural equation model, it is revealed that both injunctive and descriptive norms impose significant impacts on passengers’ inappropriate behaviors, with the effect of the former generally to a greater degree. Gender heterogeneity in passenger misbehavior is also observed, where males significantly perform better in eating in the carriage and cross-legged sitting. These findings may decode the underlying motivation of passenger misbehaviors and provide guidelines for effective intervention with targeted policy design and implementation.
An Improved Nonlinear Aerodynamic Derivative Model of Aircraft at High Angles of Attack

The classical aerodynamic derivative model is widely used in flight dynamics, but its application is extremely limited in cases with complicated nonlinear flows, especially at high angles of attack. A modified nonlinear aerodynamic derivative model for predicting unsteady aerodynamic forces and moments at a high angle of attack is developed in this study. We first extend the higher-order terms to describe the nonlinear characteristics and then introduce three more influence parameters, the initial angle of attack, the reduced frequency, and the oscillation amplitude, to correct the constant aerodynamic derivative terms that have higher-order polynomials for these values. The improved nonlinear aerodynamic derivative model was validated by using the NACA 0015 airfoil and the F-18 model. The results show that the improved model has a higher prediction ability at high angles of attack and has the ability to predict the aerodynamic characteristics of other unknown states based on known unsteady aerodynamic data, such as the initial angle of attack, reduced frequency, and oscillation amplitude.
Axial p‐n junction design and characterization for InP nanowire array solar cells

In this work, InP nanowire (NW) array solar cells with different axial p‐i‐n junction designs were investigated. The optical properties of the different NW structures were characterized through a series of microphotoluminescence measurements to extract important material parameters such as minority carrier lifetimes and internal quantum efficiencies. A glancing angle sputtering deposition technique has been developed to enable a direct visualization of the p‐n junctions in the vertical array of InP NW solar cells (NWSCs) using electron beam‐induced current (EBIC) technique. Based on EBIC and electrical simulation, it is found that the background doping in NWSC significantly affects the junction position. By modifying the junction design, the width and position of the p‐n junction can be varied effectively. By employing a p‐p−‐n structure, a high junction position (>1 μm from the substrate) and wide depletion width have been achieved as confirmed by EBIC measurement. Moreover, the NW growth substrate does not show any influence on the device behavior due to the fully decoupled junction position, indicating a promising structural design for future development of high‐performance, low‐cost flexible NW devices.
The Efficiency Analysis on Traditional Market in Salatiga, An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis

The traditional markets in Salatiga City are managed by the Unit Pelaksana Teknis Dinas (UPTD) Dinas Perdagangan. UPTD Dinas Perdagangan policy in Salatiga City is free rental fees for 3 years for newly built traditional markets. The objective of this study was to analyze the comparison of the level of efficiency of market management at the UPTD Dinas Perdagangan. The data used in this research are primary and secondary data obtained from the UPTD and Dinas Perdagangan Salatiga City. The method used in this study was a quantitative research method with the tools used is the Data Envelopment Analysis model of the Charnes, Cooper, dan Rhodes (CCR) dan Banker, Charnes, dan Cooper (BCC). The variable that is regulated in the research is the efficiency value of the UPTD Class A and B Dinas Perdagangan. The independent variables in the study included 2 variables, namely the input and output variables. Based on the analysis, the results of this study reveal that the two UPTDs have a balanced efficiency in their management and both UPTD Class A and Class B still make the development of traditional markets become in harmony with each other. In addition, market revitalization managed by UPTD for Class A and ClassB has been developing. The research suggestion is to maintain the results that have been achieved by the two UPTD Dinas Perdagangan. Both UPTDs have had innovations in managing traditional markets that have included the appropriate target market environment.
Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities of Stem Bark Extracts of Coula edulis Baill (Olacaceae)

Prolonged hyperglycemia enhances oxidative stress. Bioactive compounds extracted possess antioxidant, anti-free radical potentials or the ability to reduce blood sugar levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of extracts of stem bark of Coula edulis Baill. , their abilities to trap free radicals and glucose, as well as their ability to inhibit α-amylase and invertase activities. In vitro assays were used to test the trapping capacity of extracts on DPPH, ABTS, NO, and OH radicals; to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, the activity of glycosylation and the capacity of inhibition of the activities of α-amylase and invertase were conducted. Also, phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents of extracts were determined. Results showed that extracts of the stem bark of C. edulis have anti-radical properties. The extracts chelate DPPH, hydroxyl (OH), nitrite oxide (NO), ABTS radicals, and even glucose. The IC50 values varied depending on the nature of the extraction solvent. Ethanolic extract has the highest polyphenolic content (289.12 ± 30.31 µg catechin equivalent/g), flavonoids (1.12 ± 0.09 µg quercetin equivalent/g) and alkaloids (5.54 ± 0.59 µg quinin equivalent/g). The extracts also reduce invertase and α-amylase activities. C. edulis extracts present strong antioxidant potentials and can be used as a source of natural antioxidants for the prevention of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia.
Evaluation of Diversity among Soybean Genotypes via Yield Attributing Traits and SSR Molecular Markers

Introduction: As an important source of nutrients to humans and animals, soybean is considered to be a major crop. Objective: The present study has been executed to identify diverse soybean genotypes on account of different morpho-physiological and microsatellite molecular markers. Study Design: Data for Morpho-physiological traits were recorded from experiment conducted under field conditions in RBD design whereas molecular work was conducted in Laboratory. Place and Duration of the Study: The present study was conducted at College of Agriculture, Gwalior, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P., India during Kharif 2018-19. Methodology: The study was conducted to document different morphological and physiological traits related to the yield and its attributing traits in soybean. Total 32 microsatellite markers were also used in laboratory to analyze the variability among soybean genotypes. Results: Morpho-physiological analysis among 53 genotypes revealed the presence of considerable level of variability. Phylogenetic tree based on morpho-physiological traits grouped the genotypes into major and minor cluster. Major cluster had fifty genotypes while minor cluster had only three genotypes. Among polymorphic 32 microsatellite markers, the highest genetic diversity (0.66) was recorded in Satt520 whilst lowest (0.037) was in Satt557 with an average of 0.35. The highest PIC value was 0.59 prearranged by Satt520 and lowest 0.036 by Satt557. An average major allele frequency was 0.69 while, an average PIC value was 0.32. Microsatellite markers-based data also grouped the genotypes into one major and one minor cluster. Conclusion: Molecular analysis based on microsatellite markers confirms the presence of genetic variability among genotypes under the investigation. Data obtained in the present investigation may contribute towards improvement of soybean genotypes to develop high yielding varieties by considering diverse genotypes with good agronomical traits in hybridization programme.
Parental Attitude and Parental Intervention Strategies on Digital Media Usage Among Young Children

Technology-focused parenting has evolved to provide a constantly updated digital experience for the new digital populations while parents mitigate the risks of digital media exposure in this modern society. This study explores parental attitude on the impact of digital media and their respective parental intervention strategies. There were five parents recruited through purposive sampling technique and they participated in in-depth interview. Parents generally hold positive attitude towards digital media. They apply different parental strategies for children’s media activities and its contents. This study addressed relationships pertinent to current parental strategies, media and child’s factors. Considerable possibilities and patterns to nurture young children with digital media has been elucidated through uncovering parents’ perspectives and challenges.
Effects of red meat diet on gut microbiota in mice

The interaction between the gut microbiota and the host is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and body health (Jiang & Schnabl, 2020). Microbiota facilitates carbohydrate digestion (Makki et al., 2018), bile acid metabolism (Wang et al., 2020), maintenance of the integrity of gut barrier against pathogen infection (Mendes et al., 2019), and vitamin synthesis (Yatsunenko et al., 2012). However, the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases, including Colon Cancer (Birt & Phillips, 2014), Cardiovascular (Scarmozzino et al., 2020) and liver diseases. The composition of the gut microbiota may be affected by many factors in the host, including physiology, pathology, living environment, immune system and lifestyle (Butel et al., 2018). Among them, diet plays a significant role (Steer et al., 2000). Foods are mainly digested and absorbed in the stomach and small intestine, but a substantial quantity of foods may enter the large intestine and alter the diversity of gut bacteria (van Hylckama Vlieg et al., 2011; Rist et al., 2013).
Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Aspergillus niger cultured in peanut or cashew nut flour based media

Enzymes from the Aspergillus species have been used in food processing applications for decades. To identify peptidases and other enzymes capable of aiding the metabolism of peanut and tree nut allergens, Aspergillus niger was grown in three different nut-flour containing media and RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis were used to identify differentially expressed genes. Transcript profiles from A. niger grown on media containing peanut or cashew nut flours were compared to growth on media containing glucose as the sole carbon source. Several highly upregulated genes encoding proteins likely involved in peanut and cashew nut metabolism were identified. When compared to the glucose media control, 2,423 genes were upregulated in media containing nut flour. Among these, there were many uncharacterized genes encoding putative peptidases such as gene_8419, gene_6678, gene_724, and gene_920 as well as previously characterized peptidases, such as oryzin and the aspartic endopeptidase aspergillopepsin. Similarly, several genes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates including fructose, mannose, galactose, and starch were also upregulated. The peptidases and other enzymes encoded by the genes highlighted here may be useful as future food/food allergen processing enzymes to attenuate nut allergens, and may enable the development of dietary aids to assist in digestion and nutrient uptake.
Association of perceived environment walkability with purposive and discursive walking for urban design strategies

The relationship between the built environment and walking behavior has been explored extensively. However, little research has been done to either differentiate between walking for transport and walking as activity or that applies urban design tools to walkability improvement based on environment-walking associations. Therefore, this study constructed perceived environment walkability factors to replace unidentified physical environments that varied among individuals and examined their associations with walking to a destination (purposive walking) and walking as activity (discursive walking), using factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results suggest that residential density, land-use mix diversity, and pedestrian/traffic safety were associated with purposive walking while aesthetics and crime safety were associated with discursive walking. Land-use mix access and street connectivity were common correlates of both walking patterns. This study also explored how to apply urban design tools, including land-use plans, zoning control, and urban design guidelines, to shape a walkable environment based on the environment-walking associations.
A Performance Comparison of Various Bootstrap Methods for Diffusion Processes

In this paper, we compare the finite sample performances of various bootstrap methods for diffusion processes. Though diffusion processes are widely used to analyze stocks, bonds, and many other financial derivatives, they are known to heavily suffer from size distortions of hypothesis tests. While there are many bootstrap methods applicable to diffusion models to reduce such size distortions, their finite sample performances are yet to be investigated. We perform a Monte Carlo simulation comparing the finite sample properties, and our results show that the strong Taylor approximation method produces the best performance, followed by the Hermite expansion method.
Implications of Vertebral Artery Blunt Injury to Cervical Spine Trauma Treatment: Short Narrative Review of the Literature Based on Four Cases

1Residents of First Department of Neurosurgery, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece 2Consultants of First Department of Neurosurgery, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece 3Professors of Neurosurgery of First Department of Neurosurgery, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
A Change in Interpersonal Relational Capital: Through mentoring relationships and homework activities in a university setting

This article presents an innovative project revolving around student participation in homework activities. The theoretical framework is relational pedagogy with a focus on student-mentor relationships in a university setting. The authors used semi-structured interviews combined with observations of the interactions between the participants. The findings are analysed at a micro- and meso-level, based on an interpersonal relational perspective on teaching, Pedagogical Relational Teachership (PeRT). The popular claim that homework time is positively related to scholastic achievements gains was observed. The findings from this study add to the general knowledge of how participants perceive their school activities and future careers. Furthermore, relational values like connecting, belonging, trusting, including and confidence-building emerged between students and mentors over time. The examination of the mentor-student relationships highlights how a new interpersonal relational capital launched a movement with a possible change in social position, in terms of entering future university studies. The article discusses the results at a societal level in relation to equity and young people’s possibilities of participating in future university studies. Since the study shows the positive aspects of ‘enriching’ activities supporting immigrant youth in homework activities at university facilities, we encourage other institutions of higher education to open up their premises for similar projects, in order to improve engagement, raise achievement levels and enhance inclusiveness in the larger social fabric.
Characterization and Analysis of the COD
Chemical Composition in the Polymer-Containing
Oil Production Wastewater

The analysis of the composition of chemical oxygen demand (COD) can provide a theoretical basis for the design of an efficient wastewater treatment process. In this study, the gradient membrane molecular weight division method was selected to create the COD fingerprint of the oil production wastewater. The chemical components and concentrations of the organic pollutants in the wastewater were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the structures were qualitatively analysed by UV-Vis. Results showed that the types of aromatic hydrocarbons decreased from 163 to 96 in the advanced wastewater treatment, the types of straight-chain hydrocarbon organics were increased from 17 to 25, which changed from C14–C30 to C14–C38. By contrast, the total concentration of COD was decreased by 80.5% (from 237.5 mg/L to 46.3 mg/L). The organic pollutants in the wastewater were mainly aromatic hydrocarbons and straight-chain alkanes. The results also indicated that the removal of the petroleum macromolecules and soluble organics will be necessary for the treatment of the polymercontaining oil production wastewater.