Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Pakistani breast and ovarian cancer patients

Among Asian countries, Pakistan has the highest rates of breast and ovarian cancer. To assess the contribution of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ line mutations to these high rates, we conducted the first study of 176 Pakistani breast and ovarian cancer patients, selected on family history and on age of diagnosis. Comprehensive BRCA mutation screening was performed using a range of techniques, including denaturing high‐pressure liquid chromatography, single strand conformational polymorphism analysis and protein truncation test, followed by DNA sequencing. Thirty deleterious germ‐line mutations were identified in the 176 families (17.0%), including 23 in BRCA1 and 7 in BRCA2. Four mutations, 185delAG, 185insA, S1503X and R1835X, were recurrent; these accounted for 52% of all identified BRCA1 mutations. Haplotype analyses suggested founder effects for 3 of these. The prevalence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations was 42.8% for families with multiple cases of breast cancer, and was 50.0% for the breast/ovarian cancer families. The prevalence of mutations was 11.9% for single cases of early‐onset breast cancer (≤30 years) and was 9.0% for single cases of early‐onset ovarian cancer (≤45 years). Our findings show that BRCA mutations account for a substantial proportion of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer and early‐onset breast and ovarian cancer cases in Pakistan. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cancer chronotherapy: Principles, applications, and perspectives

Cell physiology is regulated along the 24‐hour timescale by a circadian clock, which is comprised of interconnected molecular loops involving at least nine genes. The cellular clocks are coordinated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, a hypothalamic pacemaker that also helps the organism adjust to environmental cycles. The rest‐activity rhythm is a reliable marker of the circadian system function in both rodents and humans. This circadian organization is responsible for predictable changes in the tolerability and efficacy of anticancer agents, and possibly also may be involved in tumor promotion or growth.
Adaptive Kanamycin Resistance Induced by the Stringent Response in Escherichia coli is Not Dependent on katE and katG

Treatment of Escherichia coli with sub-inhibitory levels of valine has been observed to confer kanamycin resistance; however, the role of catalase in this resistance is unknown. In this study, the role of catalase activity in increased resistance to kanamycin due to valine-induced amino acid starvation was investigated. E. coli K-12 wildtype strain and mutants ΔkatE, ΔkatG, and ΔkatE/ΔkatG were used to assess kanamycin resistance after their corresponding deletions were validated by PCR. Once starved using an excess of valine, growth was monitored by turbidity and catalase activity was measured by a floating disc assay. Antibiotic resistance was assessed using transient antibiotic resistance assays and minimum inhibitory concentration tests. Valine-induced amino acid starvation resulted in short-term antibiotic resistance, but did not confer long-term resistance. Comparing the adaptive resistance between the wild-type, ΔkatE, ΔkatG, and ΔkatE/ΔkatG strains as assessed by transient resistance assay and minimum inhibitory concentration, no loss in adaptive resistance was observed in any deletion mutant. The catalase activity measured by floating disc assay showed no difference between the control and starved cultures; however, the WT and ΔkatG had significantly higher catalase activity compared to ΔkatE, while ΔkatE/ΔkatG had no activity. Taken together, these findings suggest the catalases encoded by katE and katG were not responsible for conferring the short-term adaptive kanamycin resistance.
Estimation of human body surface area from height and weight.

A tubular member such as a cartridge which is filled with a material that, upon heating, changes its state from liquid to solid (such as wax) is flocked to enhance heat transfer from the tubular member to hair rolled around the tubular member. Top and bottom snap-on flanged ends of low heat conducting material are connected to the tubular cartridge by a base means having a base portion and base sides. The sides include a plurality of locking means comprised of radial protrusions or a locking portion having a camming surface, a locking lip, and a locking surface, the radial protrusions or locking portions for communication with a groove in the tubular cartridge. Venting is provided in each base portion to promote heat dissipation from the flanged ends. An aperture is provided in the bottom flanged end base portion in registry with an aperture in the tubular cartridge for receiving a means for heating the roller. Crushing ribs may be provided on each base side to contact the flocked tubular cartridge to prevent axial rotation between the flanged ends and the tubular member. Alternatively, the tubular member may be a high heat conducting tubular material having convex protrusions which mate with concave indentations in the base sides. Spacing projections to space the tubular member from the base portion of the flanged ends may be alternatively employed.
Morbidity Risks of Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders among First Degree Relatives of Patients with Schizophrenia, Mania, Depression and Surgical Conditions

Summary One thousand five hundred and seventy eight first degree relatives of schizophrenics, manics, depressives and controls were personally interviewed using the Iowa Structured Psychiatric Interview Form without knowledge of the probands' diagnoses. Our data, based on blind diagnostic assessment of the relatives, support the distinction between schizophrenia and affective disorders, although the distinction between schizophrenia and mania was not clear-cut. Our data could not support familial subtyping of paranoid and non-paranoid schizophrenia, and unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. Future studies attempting to develop research criteria for subtyping schizophrenia and affective disorders should utilize not only clinical and familial data but also biological markers and other non-familial variables.
Correlation between growth potential of mouse hepatitis viruses in macrophages and their virulence for mice

Correlation between the virulence of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) for mice and the growth potential of the virus in peritoneal adherent cells was observed for highly virulent MHV-2 and avirulent MHV-1, JHM, and MHV-S strains. However, this phenomenon was not observed in strain MHV-3, which multiplied to almost the same degree in peritoneal adherent cells from susceptible and resistant mouse strains.
Chemotherapy with or without gefitinib in patients with advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer: a meta‐analysis of 6844 patients

Background Gefitinib is widely used in patients with advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), in whom chemotherapy had failed. Previous trials reported inconsistent findings regarding the efficacy of gefitinib on overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). This study was to evaluate the effects of chemotherapy plus gefitinib versus chemotherapy alone on survival of patients with NSCLC. Methods We systematically searched Medline, EmBase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, reference lists of articles, and proceedings of major meetings for relevant literature. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing chemotherapy with and without gefitinib in the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC were included in our analysis. The primary endpoints were OS and PFS. Results Of 182 relevant studies, 12 were included in the final analysis, which consisted of 6844 patients with NSCLC. Overall, we noted that gefitinib therapy had an 8% improvement in the OS as compared to the gefitinib‐free therapy, but this difference was not statistically significant (HR, 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85‐1.00; P=0.051). Furthermore, gefitinib therapy had significantly longer PFS compared to gefitinib‐free therapy (HR, 0.72; 95% CI 0.60‐0.87, P=0.001). Patients receiving gefitinib therapy also had a more frequent objective response rate (ORR) than the control arm (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.67‐3.78, P <0.001). Rashes, diarrhea, dry skin, pruritus, paronychia, and abnormal hepatic function were more frequent in the gefitinib therapy group. Conclusions Treatment with gefitinib had a clear effect on PFS and ORR, and it might contribute considerably to the OS. Furthermore, there was some evidence of benefit for gefitinib therapy among patients with adenocarcinoma.
Relevant features for video-based continuous sign language recognition

This paper describes the development of a video-based continuous sign language recognition system. The system is based on continuous density hidden Markov models (HMM) with one model for each sign. Feature vectors reflecting manual sign parameters serve as input for training and recognition. To reduce computational complexity during the recognition task beam search is employed. The system aims for an automatic signer-dependent recognition of sign language sentences, based on a lexicon of 97 signs of German sign language (GSL). A further colour video camera is used for image recording. Furthermore the influence of different features reflecting different manual sign parameters on the recognition results are examined. Results are given for varying sized vocabulary. The system achieves an accuracy of 91.7% based on a lexicon of 97 signs.
ANALYSIS OF MICROWAVE ABSORBING PROPERTIES OF EPOXY MWCNT COMPOSITES

In the ongoing search for new materials for microwave absorption applications, Carbon Nanotubes deserve a special consideration due to their outstanding properties. In this paper, microwave absorbing properties of epoxy resin based composites containing commercial Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes used as flllers have been analyzed. The complex permittivity of the composites was measured in a wide frequency band (3{18GHz). The absorbing properties of a single-layer absorber backed by a metallic plate considering several concentration of CNTs was simulated taking into account the measured permittivity.
Quality of life in chronic kidney disease: effects of treatment modality, depression, malnutrition and inflammation

In the present study, our aim is to investigate the effects of the treatment modality, depression, malnutrition and inflammation on quality of life (QoL) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Twenty‐six patients with CKD on conservative management, 68 patients on haemodialysis (HD), 47 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 66 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. QoL was measured by means of the Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) and subscale scores were calculated. All patients were evaluated for the presence of depression using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Axis I Disorders – Clinician Version. The severity of depression was evaluated by means of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, albumin, haemoglobin and haematocrit (Hct) levels were measured. All the SF‐36 subscale scores were lower in the patient groups compared with control group. The SF‐36 scores were higher and BDI scores were lower in the CAPD group than CKD and HD groups. In patients with depression, all SF‐36 subscale scores were lower than that of the patients without depression. There was a significant negative correlation between all the SF‐36 subscale scores and the BDI scores. There was a significant positive correlation between the SF‐36 physical and total summary scores and the Hct value and serum albumin levels, but an inverse correlation between the SF‐36 physical, mental and total summary scores and the serum CRP level in the HD patients. The authors suggest that the treatment modality, depression, malnutrition and inflammation have an important role on QoL in CKD.
Non- and nearly hexagonal patterns in sodium vapor generated by single-mirror feedback.

In the transmitted beam of a sodium cell with a single feedback mirror highly modulated patterns appear. The patterns possess the dihedral symmetries [ital D][sub 6], [ital D][sub 2], and [ital D][sub 3]. More complex patterns consisting of more than one elementary cell show a local hexagonal arrangement. The topological characteristics are very similar to the one of boundary affected patterns predicted in a thin Kerr slice. The instability is due to the competition of diffraction, diffusion, and optical pumping which is influenced by a weak magnetic field. For higher cell-to-mirror distances the observation of an additional length scale indicates a competition between the feedback and a further instability mechanism, probably the counterpropagating beam instability.
Research on absorptive capacity and reverse technology spillover effects of China's FDI

Reverse technology spillover effects of FDI on the home country's technological progress is a relatively new topic in the international economics research, and also one of the important expectation that Chinese government launched the “going out” strategy. This paper studies short-term and long-term reverse technology spillover effects of China's FDI and the impact of absorptive capacity, using the inter-provincial panel data from 2003 to 2007 in China. It shows that China's FDI has significant short-term reverse technology spillover effects on the applications of total patents and invention and utility model patents, but only has significant long-term reverse spillover effects on the application of designs patents. In addition, the interaction between absorptive capacity and outward FDI stock promote domestic technological progress, and absorptive capacity impacts the long-term reverse technology spillover of China's FDI.
Compact Rear-Radiating Circularly Polarized Feeds for Front-Fed Reflector Antennas

Unique backward radiation properties of compact four-arm Archimedean spiral antennas are explored and investigated. Conventionally, an active zone in the order of one wavelength is required to have the spiral antenna work in its first mode of operation, producing broadside radiation patterns. In this letter, it is shown that a reflector-backed four-arm spiral antenna with a diameter of much less than the conventional active zone is capable of effectively directing the same broadside radiation into the backward region with an opposite sense of polarization. The antenna such developed is well suited as a primary feed in small front-fed parabolic reflector antennas. The circular polarization performance of the proposed antenna is investigated including the circularly polarized gain, axial ratios, beamwidths, and cross polarization. Furthermore, the performance of the compact rear-radiating antenna as a primary feed in parabolic reflector antennas is investigated, proving the promising applications of the proposed compact feeds with backward radiation patterns.
Caregivers’ Descriptions of Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer in Connection With Supervision Sessions in a Surgical Ward

The purpose of this study was to describe the content of caregivers’ (health care professionals’) presentation of care situations as told at supervision sessions. For 1 year, 21 caregivers in a surgical ward of a county hospital in the middle of Sweden participated in a clinical supervision session 2 hours every third week. The participants in the supervision sessions were divided so as to form three mixed groups composed of registered nurses, practical nurses, physiotherapists, and physicians. The purpose of the supervision sessions was to give caregivers the opportunity to reflect on different care situations in a way that contributed to the development of patient care. The 38 supervision sessions were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis. The caregivers described difficult care situations focusing on the feelings of patients, relatives, and caregivers, with an emphasis on the caregivers’ being dominant. Difficult care situations were described as giving caregivers feelings of discomfort, powerlessness, and reduced self-esteem. These feelings were described as arising in connection with caring for women with advanced breast cancer and other seriously ill patients in an organization lacking clear goals and rules. This study found that supervision sessions offering an opportunity to reflect on the difficult care situations are important for caregivers. These sessions seem therefore to be of vital importance for the future development of cancer care on the surgical ward.
Tailored Medical and Interventional Therapy Against Recurrent Stent Thrombosis After Drug-Eluting Stenting

Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a thienopyridine (ticlopidine or clopidogrel) has strikingly improved the results of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through a marked reduction in the rate of stent thrombosis (ST). Emerging data suggest that resistance to antiplatelet treatment may be a risk factor for ST. We report about a patient, aspirin and clopidogrel poor responder, who experienced 4 ST in 10 days. After the second ST, during antiplatelet therapy with aspirin (100 mg/die) and clopidogrel (75 mg/die), the patient’s platelet function was investigated with Platelet Function Analyzer 100, VerifyNow P2Y12 System and light transmission aggregometry (LTA). High platelet reactivity and combined resistance to aspirin and clopidogrel were found, and, as a consequence, treatment was switched to clopidogrel 150 mg and aspirin 300 mg/die. In spite of this adjustment, the third ST occurred. Poor responsiveness to aspirin and clopidogrel was still confirmed. Because of combined clopidogrel and aspirin resistance and to unsuccessful PCI treatment, a single coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) was planned. Awaiting surgery, 3 days later, the fourth ST occurred. It is angiographically confirmed and thus, CABG was performed. After CABG, in chronic treatment with aspirin (300 mg/die) and ticlopidine (500 mg/die), no bleeding complications occurred and the patient did not experience recurrent ischemia (2 years follow-up). A better platelet inhibition by ticlopidine than that obtained by clopidogrel was observed. Our case report remarks the importance to identify these poor responder patients as the treatment can be tailored with alternative therapeutic options (ticlopidine, prasugrel, warfarin) and/or different revascularization strategies (CABG).
Wide dyanmic range 2nd order nested envelope tracking power amplifier with GaN modulator

In this paper, a wideband envelope tracking base-station power amplifier with a 2nd order nested scheme utilizing GaN devices for both linear and current source array was presented, which boosts envelope tracking power amplifier efficiency over wide dynamic range. Tuneable peak efficiency points in the 1st order nested structure make a flexible efficiency adaptation for various wideband modulated signal besides efficiency boosting. Further, the 2nd order nested scheme was proposed to enhance power saving mode for base station, e.g. LTE/LTE-A, reducing the OPEX by lower power operation according various traffic profiles.
Interrelations of Genetic Factors in Barley.

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SINGLE IMAGE SUPER-RESOLUTION ALGORITHM USING EFFICIENT SELF-EXAMPLE LEARNING STRATEGY

In this paper, a single image super-resolution (SR) algorithm based on sparse representation of self-example patch-pairs is proposed. The in-similarity within self-example patch-pairs across various scale is exploited to learn the missing high frequency (HF) details. An efficient sampling strategy based on sample mean square error (SMSE) is employed to sample and select the self-example patch-pairs from the input image. To avoid image-level information loss between the selfexample patch-pairs due to vectorizing of image patches, an optimal matrix-operator (MO) is used to learn the correspondence between self-example patch-pairs. Two effective dictionaries, viz. low-resolution (LR) and high-resolution (HR) are constructed from the patch-pairs attained by the proposed strategy and are trained with state-ofthe-art K-SVD algorithm. The learned dictionaries are used within the framework of sparse representation to reconstruct the high-resolution (HR) image. The proposed method is validated both qualitatively and quantitatively with benchmark test images. Compared with other state-of-the-art SR approaches, the proposed method preserves sharp HF details and reconstructs visually appealing HR images without any counterfeit HF details. KEYWORDS— Super-resolution, Sparse representation, self-example patch-pairs.
Bias child node association avoidance mechanism for hierarchical routing protocol in 6LoWPAN

6LoWPAN enables IPv6 to be applied to wireless sensor network and enable end to end communication. One of the 6lopwan features is the capability of dynamic assignment of 16 bit short addresses. Using this feature a hierarchical routing protocol was designed. The designed hierarchical routing protocol focuses on the address allocation method and routing mechanism. However the routing protocol doesn't address scenario where there is more than one potential parent node. If the child nodes attaches to the first responding parent when there is more than one potential parent than this could lead to bias or uneven distribution of child node. Bias association could impact the reliability and also shorten the life span of the network. To overcome this problem a mechanism which uses current number of child node of potential parent was suggested. This mechanism displayed weakness when the responding parent node is having different depth or energy level or same number of current child. This paper reviews current hierarchical routing, highlights the issues and suggests a mechanism which avoids a bias routing hierarchical tree set up by taking into account the potential parent node's signal strength, depth and energy level.
On-Chip Implantable Antennas for Wireless Power and Data Transfer in a Glaucoma-Monitoring SoC

For the first time, separate transmit and receive on-chip antennas have been designed in an eye environment for implantable intraocular pressure monitoring application. The miniaturized antennas fit on a 1.4-mm 3 CMOS (0.18 μm) chip with the rest of the circuitry. A 5.2-GHz novel inductive-fed and loaded receive monopole antenna is used for wirelessly powering the chip and is conjugately matched to the rectifier in the energy-harvesting and storage unit. The 2.4-GHz transmit antenna is an octagonal loop that also acts as the inductor of the voltage control oscillator resonant tank. To emulate the eye environment in measurements, a custom test setup is developed that comprises Plexiglass cavities filled with saline solution. A transition, employing a balun, is also designed, which transforms the differential impedance of on-chip antennas immersed in saline solution to a 50-Ω single-ended microstrip line. The antennas on a lossy Si substrate and eye environment provide sufficient gain to establish wireless communication with an external reader placed a few centimeters away from the eye.