Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards the Development of Core Competencies for Residency Training Coordinators of Family Medicine in the Philippines

This descriptive study was conducted to formulate a framework towards the development of core competencies for the role of family medicine Residency Training Coordinators (RTCs) in the Philippines. Initial data was obtained from participants using a cross-sectional survey. Delphi were conducted among experts to obtain a consensus on the RTC competencies. Content analysis was done. Results showed that all respondents are aligned with the Philippine Academy of Family Physicians (PAFP) setting the RTC qualification to be at least a diplomate, active member and in good-standing. As the head of the residency training committee, the RTC needs to balance personal and professional attributes- assertiveness, fair judgement, trustworthiness and ethical while evaluating residents and providing counsel. They have identified their training needs to be in organizational management and administration. The study showed that the role of the RTC is complex and identified the core competencies of RTCs as manager or administrator, clinical teacher, evaluator, educational planner, and researcher. The final competency framework developed for family medicine RTCs follows the competency-based curriculum (CBC) track. It is most appropriate for RTCs as it sets the acceptable standards where professionals will be evaluated and clarifies the set of expectations focused on professional development programs and drives assessment of performance of RTCs. Training institutions can thus use the proposed framework as a guide in selecting, training, and evaluating the RTCs.
Postural control and balance in a cohort of healthy people living in Europe An observational study

In the past 20 years, posturography has been widely used in the medical ﬁ eld. This observational study aimed to report the values derived from posturography of a wide set of healthy subjects from various European countries using a plantar pressure platform and a standardized method of measurement. A random cluster sampling of 914 healthy subjects aged between 7.0 and 85.99 years, strati ﬁ ed by age, was carried out. To provide percentile values of our cohort, data were processed to obtain 3 curves corresponding to the following percentiles: 25th, 50th, 75th, and the interquartile range. Distance-weighted least squares method was used to represent the percentile on appropriate graphs.Inour sample, the balance to improve with age, up to approximately 45 years, but the trend to reverse with older age. The data show that the oscillations on the sagittal plane (y-mean) change with advancing age. Young people had more retro-podalic support than older people; the balance shifted forward in elderly people. As the study included a relatively large quantity of data collected using a standardized protocol, these results could be used as normative values of posturography for similar populations. On the basis of this data, correct diagnostic clues will be available to clinicians and professionals in the ﬁ eld. However, further studies are needed to con ﬁ rm our ﬁ ndings. Abbreviations: CoG = center of gravity = COM = center of mass, CoP = coordinates of the center of pressure, ES = ellipse surface area right-left, IQR = interquartile range, SP = the global path of the center of pressure on the platform, x-mean = coordinates of the CoP coordinates along the frontal planes (X; right-left), y-mean = coordinates of the CoP coordinates along the sagittal planes (Y; forward-backward).
University of Birmingham Association of human papillomavirus type 16 E2 with Rad50-interacting protein 1 enhances viral DNA replication

Rad50-interacting protein 1 (Rint1) associates with the DNA damage response protein Rad50 during the transition from the S phase to the G2/M phase and functions in radiation-induced G2 checkpoint control. It has also been demonstrated that Rint1 is essential in vesicle trafficking from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through an interaction with Zeste-White 10 (ZW10). We have isolated a novel interaction between Rint1 and the human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) transcription and replication factor E2. E2 binds to Rint1 within its ZW10 interaction domain, and we show that in the absence of E2, Rint1 is localized to the ER and associates with ZW10. E2 expression results in a disruption of the Rint1-ZW10 interaction and an accumulation of nuclear Rint1, coincident with a significant reduction in vesicle movement from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. Interestingly, nuclear Rint1 and members of the Mre11/Rad50/ Nbs1 (MRN) complex were found in distinct E2 nuclear foci, which peaked during mid-S phase, indicating that the recruitment of Rint1 to E2 foci within the nucleus may also result in the recruitment of this DNA damage-sensing protein complex. We show that exogenous Rint1 expression enhances E2-dependent virus replication. Conversely, the overexpression of a truncated Rint1 protein that retains the E2 binding domain but not the Rad50 binding domain acts as a dominant negative inhibitor of E2-dependent HPV replication. Put together, these experiments demonstrate that the interaction between Rint1 and E2 has an important function in HPV replication. IMPORTANCE HPV infections are an important driver of many epithelial cancers, including those within the anogenital and oropharyngeal tracts. The HPV life cycle is tightly regulated and intimately linked to the differentiation of the epithelial cells that it infects. HPV replication factories formed in the nucleus are locations where viral DNA is copied to support virus persistence and amplification of infection. The recruitment of specific cellular protein complexes to these factories aids efficient and controlled viral replication. We have identified a novel HPV-host interaction that functions in the cellular response to DNA damage and cell cycle control. We show that the HPV E2 protein targets Rad50interacting protein 1 (Rint1) to facilitate virus genome replication. These findings add to our understanding of how HPV replicates and the host cell pathways that are targeted by HPV to support virus replication. Understanding these pathways will allow further research into novel inhibitors of HPV genome replication.
Chapter Perspectives on the Nature of Intuitive Interaction

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a copy of The impact of routine surveillance screening with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect tumour recurrence in children with central system (CNS) tumours : Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of routine MRI surveillance to detect tumour recurrence in children with no new neurological signs or symptoms compared with alternative follow-up practices, including periodic clinical and physical examinations and the use of non-routine imaging upon presentation with disease signs or symptoms. Methods: Standard systematic review methods aimed at minimising bias will be employed for study identification, selection and data extraction. Ten electronic databases have been searched, and further citation searching and reference checking will be employed. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials assessing the impact of routine surveillance MRI to detect tumour recurrence in children with no new neurological signs or symptoms compared to alternative follow-up schedules including imaging upon presentation with disease signs or symptoms will be included. The primary outcome is time to change in therapeutic intervention. Secondary outcomes include overall survival, surrogate survival outcomes, response rates, diagnostic yield per set of images, adverse events, quality of survival and validated measures of family psychological functioning and anxiety. Two reviewers will independently screen and select studies for inclusion. Quality assessment will be undertaken using the Cochrane Collaboration ’ s tools for assessing risk of bias. Where possible, data will be summarised using combined estimates of effect for time to treatment change, survival outcomes and response rates using assumption-free methods. Further sub-group analyses and meta-regression models will be specified and undertaken to explore potential sources of heterogeneity between studies within each tumour type if necessary. Discussion: Assessment of the impact of surveillance imaging in children with CNS tumours is methodologically complex. The evidence base is likely to be heterogeneous in terms of imaging protocols, definitions of radiological response and diagnostic accuracy of tumour recurrence due to changes in imaging technology over time. Furthermore, the delineation of tumour recurrence from either pseudo-progression or radiation necrosis after radiotherapy is potentially problematic and linked to the timing of follow-up assessments. However, given the current routine practice of MRI surveillance in the follow-up of children with CNS tumours in the UK and the resource implications, it is important to evaluate the cost-benefit profile of this practice.
Synthesis, spectral and thermodynamic study of mixed metal and mixed ligand complexation of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) in aqueous solution

The method of absorption spectrophotometry was applied to study the complex formation in Co(II)–Ni(II)–amino acid (aspartic H 2 Asp and glutamic H 2 Glu)–EDTA (H 4 Edta) systems for molar ratios of 1:1:1:1:1 components. Mathematical modeling of optical density dependence on the acidity of solution (A= f (pH)) for different wavelength in the range 300–950 nm showed that depending on the ratio of the reagents and the solution acidity, formation of the complex [(CoAsp)Edta(NiGlu)] 4– . Stability constants and electronic absorption spectra of this complex was calculated; thier possible structur was suggested, and also calculated thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH°, and ΔS°) for the studying complexes were calculated according to the values of stability constant (K ST ) at 25 °C obtained from the temperature dependence of stability constant by using van’t Hoff equation.
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Tit le Gut microbial composit ion in pat ients with atrial fibrillat ion : effects of diet and drugs

Atrial fibrillation (AF) reduces the quality of life by triggering stroke and heart failure. The association between AF onset and gut metabolites suggests a causal relationship between AF and gut microbiota dysbiosis; however, the relationship remains poorly understood. We prospectively enrolled 34 hospitalized patients with AF and 66 age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched control subjects without a history of AF. Gut microbial compositions were evaluated by amplicon sequencing targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. We assessed differences in dietary habits by using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Gut microbial richness was lower in AF patients, although the diversity of gut microbiota did not differ between the two groups. At the genus level, Enterobacter was depleted, while Parabacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, Streptococcus, and Alistipes were enriched in AF patients compared to control subjects. The BDHQ revealed that the intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosadienoic acid was higher in AF patients. Our results suggested that AF patients had altered gut microbial composition in connection with dietary habits.
Model-Based Safety Assessment of Industrial Automation Systems using IEC 61499

Industrial automation systems are complex control systems that perform control and automation of hazardous plants. Safety of such systems is of paramount importance and may even be mandated by law. Safety-related systems may be required to demonstrate conformance to an applicable functional safety standards to assure safety and demonstrate the that these systems mitigate the risk to human lives, as much as reasonably possible. IEC 61508 is a standard of functional safety for generic electric, electronic, and programmable electronic (E/E/PE) systems and is used as the principal guide in this thesis. IEC 61508 adopts a two-pronged approach for addressing random failures in the hardware and systematic errors in the software. Random failures are addressed using quantitative techniques for reliability analysis e.g., reliability block diagrams and Markov analysis, and by computing the safe failure fraction to establish a confidence level. Systematic errors, on the other hand, are avoided by following quality assurance recommendations and qualitative validation techniques. However, this segregated application of quantitative and qualitative approaches is inadequate for addressing complexities introduced by software-intensive control systems. Furthermore, the manual application of traditional safety analysis techniques is tedious, error-prone, and largely dependent on practitioners’ skills. In order to ameliorate these problems, a model-driven approach towards safety analysis named, model-based safety assessment (MBSA) was proposed, which has gained significant interest in academia and industry in the recent years. MBSA approaches use system models for the purpose of safety analysis such as extracting fault trees, performing quantitative analysis, or discovering a critical sequence of errors that may cause system failures. MBSA can be performed on either by using dedicated safety models or by using system development models. The latter approach allows seamless integration with modeldriven development (MDD), which is the state-of-the-art for design, implementation and
Supplemental material : The global burden of transportation tailpipe emissions on air pollution-related mortality in 2010 and 2015 1

1. Transportation subsectors On-road diesel vehicles include passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks, and buses with diesel engines (Table S 1). In China and India, this category includes three-wheeled freight vehicles used for onroad applications. Diesel is the principal fuel for these activities; this category also includes a small share of biodiesel, which is typically blended into diesel fuels. On-road non-diesel vehicles include passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, two-wheeled vehicles, and three-wheeled vehicles, as well as (a smaller population of) trucks and buses fueled by gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural gas (CNG), electricity, or other non-diesel fuels. Non-road mobile sources include rail, agricultural equipment, construction machinery, inland shipping, and other non-road mobile machinery. Although most of the activities in this category are fueled by diesel, this category also includes activities fueled by gasoline, LPG, electricity, or other fuels. Rail is the principal source of electricity consumption in this category. International shipping includes container ships, bulk carriers, cargo ships, tankers, cruise ships, fishing vessels, ferries, and other service vessels. The main fuels for these activities are residual fuels, which include heavy fuel oil; diesel, also referred to as distillates; and a smaller amount of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Mechanical behaviour and 3D stress analysis of multi-layered wooden beams made with welded-through dowels

: This paper presents novel full-scale timber multi-layered beams using welded-through wood dowels in place of metallic fasteners, connectors, and the traditional poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)-adhesives. Two meter timber four-layer beams are constructed in this fashion with variation of the number of dowels in each. Four-points bending tests were carried out to evaluate to mechanical performances of such beam systems. The practical difficulties encountered in constructing deeper multi-layer beams are discussed and possible solutions which have been employed for the purpose of this work and proved successful are presented. In order to investigate thoroughly the full potential of multi-layered beams with a very limited number of experimental studies, a 3D FE model has been presented, validated against experimental results and then used to study some influential parameters. The results showed that a reasonable bending stiffness of multi-layered beams is achievable with a good combination of material and geometric parameters.
Searches for heavy Z Z and Z W resonances in the £ £ qq and vvqq final states in pp collisions at / s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

K e y w o r d s : Beyond S tandard Model, H adron-H adron scattering (experiments) A r X iy e P r in t : 1708.09638 O p e n A c c e s s , Copyright CERN, for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration. Article funded by SC O A P3. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2018)009 JH E P 03(18)009
Antimicrobial activity, toxicity and phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plants of Losho, Narok County, Kenya

Chalo DM, Lukhoba C, Fidahussein DS , Nguta JM. 2017. Antimicrobial activity, toxicity and phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plants of Losho, Narok County, Kenya. Biofarmasi (Rumphius J Nat Prod Biochem) 15: 29-43. In Kenya, microbial infections are a major cause of morbidity. The effectiveness of antibiotic is threatened by the increase of resistance of pathogenic microbes against most available drugs because new pathogens continue to emerge. Nowadays, herbal remedies offer hope since they are readily available and cheap. The aim of this research was to investigate the activity of antimicrobial, the lethality of brine shrimp and phytochemical composition of crude extracts of four selected plants namely Schrebera alata (Oleaceae), Ormocarpum kirkii (Papilionoideae) , Helichrysum forskahlii (Asteraceae) and Cussonia holstii (Araliaceae) that are medicinally used by herbalists from Losho, Narok County Kenya for treatment of ear, nose and throat infections, gastrointestinal disorders and skin diseases. Qualitative antimicrobial susceptibility test against five microorganisms, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans was investigated using agar diffusion methods to produce inhibition zones and the data accrued were analyzed using Analysis of variance. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by broth microdilution method. Toxicity of the extracts was analyzed using brine shrimp lethality assay. The median fatal concentration of fifty was determined by data analysis using Finney ‟ s computer program. Phytochemical screening for flavonoids, sterols, alkaloids, tannins, quinones and terpenoids and saponins was determined using standard procedures. The observation showed that the organic crude extracts of H. forskahlii had the highest inhibition zone against methicillin-resistant S. aureus of 19.5 and 18.5 mm in agar well and agar disk diffusion respectively. In addition, organic extracts of H. forskahlii showed the highest antifungal inhibition zone of 8.5 mm in agar well diffusion. Minimum values of inhibitory concentrations varied from 15.625 to 250 mg/mL. Organic crude extracts of H. forskahlii and C. holstii were found to be highly toxic with lethal concentration of 0.009 mg/mL. All plant crude extracts contained flavonoids, sterols, alkaloids, tannins, quinones, and terpenoids. Saponins were present in all the plant extracts except in organic extracts of H. forskahlii . This study promoted the first record of antimicrobial activity, toxicity and phytochemical composition of S. alata and C. holstii . The study has shown that H. forskahlii and O. kirkii possess promising antimicrobial activity against microbes of health importance and could lead to the isolation of new, safe and efficacious antimicrobial compounds. Further research should be carried on O. kirkii and S. alata to isolate and characterize the compounds responsible for the observed activity.
modes in a structured atmosphere

The baroclinic-mode decomposition is a fixture of the tropical-dynamics literature because of its simplicity and apparent usefulness in understanding a wide range of atmospheric phenomena. However, its derivation relies on the assumption that the tropopause is a rigid lid that artificially restricts the vertical propagation of wave energy. This causes tropospheric buoyancy anomalies of a single vertical mode to remain coherent for all time in the absence of dissipation. Here, the authors derive the Green’s functions for these baroclinic modes in a two-dimensional troposphere (or, equivalently, a three-dimensional troposphere with one translational symmetry) that is overlain by a stratosphere. These Green’s functions quantify the propagation and spreading of gravity waves generated by a horizontally localized heating, and they can be used to reconstruct the evolution of any tropospheric heating. For a first-baroclinic two-dimensional right-moving or left-moving gravity wave with a characteristic width of 100 km, its initial horizontal shape becomes unrecognizable after 4 h, at which point its initial amplitude has also been reduced by a factor of 1/ π . After this time, the gravity wave assumes a universal shape that widens linearly in time. For gravity waves on a periodic domain the length of Earth’s circumference, it takes only 10 days for the gravity waves to spread their buoyancy throughout the entire domain.
Molecular structure and translocation of a multiple antibiotic resistance region of a Psychrobacterpsychrophiluspermafrost strain

A Psychrobacter psychrophilus strain resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin was isolated from a 15 000–35 000-year-old permafrost subsoil sediment sampled from the coast of the Eastern-Siberian Sea. The genes conferring antibiotic resistance were localized on an c . 30-kb pKLH80 plasmid. It was shown that the antibiotic resistance region of this plasmid has a mosaic structure and contains closely linked streptomycin resistance ( strA-strB ) and tetracycline resistance [ tetR-tet (H)] genes, followed by a novel IS element (IS Ppy1 ) belonging to the IS 3 family. Both the strA-strB and tetR-tet (H) genes of pKLH80 were highly similar to those found in modern clinical bacterial isolates. It was shown that the IS Ppy1 element of pKLH80 can direct translocation of the adjacent antibiotic resistance genes to different target plasmids, either by one-ended transposition or by formation of a composite transposon resulting from the insertion of the IS Ppy1
An Exonic Splicing Silencer Downstream of the 3 (cid:2) Splice Site A2 Is Required for Efﬁcient Human Immunodeﬁciency Virus Type 1 Replication

Alternative splicing of the human immunodeﬁciency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomic mRNA produces more than 40 unique viral mRNA species, of which more than half remain incompletely spliced within an HIV-1-infected cell. Regulation of splicing at HIV-1 3 (cid:1) splice sites (3 (cid:1) ss) requires suboptimal polypyrimidine tracts, and positive or negative regulation of splicing occurs through binding of cellular factors to cis -acting splicing regulatory elements. We have previously shown that splicing at HIV-1 3 (cid:1) ss A2, which produces vpr mRNA and promotes inclusion of HIV-1 exon 3, is repressed by the hnRNP A/B-dependent exonic splicing silencer ESSV. Here we show that ESSV activity downstream of 3 (cid:1) ss A2 is localized to a 16-nucleotide element within HIV-1 exon 3. HIV-1 replication was reduced by 95% when ESSV was inactivated by mutagenesis. Reduced replication was concomitant with increased inclusion of exon 3 within spliced viral mRNA and decreased accumulation of unspliced viral mRNA, resulting in decreased cell-associated p55 Gag. Prolonged culture of ESSV mutant viruses resulted in two independent second-site reversions disrupting the splice sites that deﬁne exon 3, 3 (cid:1) ss A2 and