Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local Excision of Early Rectal Cancer by Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM): The 23-Year Experience of a Single Centre

Aim: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is an effective, minimally invasive alternative approach to traditional surgery. This study reviews the characteristics of a series of patients affected by early rectal cancer and discusses the results of this treatment. Methods: From 1992 to 2014, 187 patients with rectal cancer staged as pT1 by preoperative endorectal ultrasound, computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging were treated by TEM at our institution. We analysed age, gender, size of lesion, distance from the anal verge, histological grading and stage. Furthermore we considered operative time, intra and post-operative complications and hospital stay. Patients were also enrolled in a tight follow-up for recurrence and survival. Results: There were no intraoperative complications or conversions to other procedures. There were minor complications (partial suture dehiscence, stool incontinence, rectal haemorrhage) in 24 patients (12.8%) and a major complication (perianal phlegmon) in one (1.5%). Two (5%) of the 40 patients with pT3 disease before neoadjuvant therapy experienced a local recurrence and one (2.5%) died for metastasis. Conclusion: TEM is a safe technique characterized by low morbidity and mortality and excellent oncological outcomes. These advantages, coupled with its ability to be applied to a strikingly high proportion of rectal tumours, suggest that it should be considered as the gold standard approach to early rectal cancer in accurately selected patients.
Studying the Relationship between Leadership Brand Code and Organizational Commitment in IT Companies

The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between leadership brand code and organizational commitment. As a competitive advantage, leadership brand creates a kind of sprit and belief among the staff and managers in the company, and enables them to serve their market promises. In this study, we will examine the leadership brand in a descriptive/correlative approach, using structural equations modeling based on covariance; moreover, we will compare two IT companies using simple random sampling method among 223 staff and 233 customers of the studied companies. Finally, a proper model will be presented for such a relationship. To gather the required data, we have used archival/ library and field methods (questionnaire). Findings show that all leadership brand codes and each of their dimensions have a positive significant relationship with organizational commitment in these two companies.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF FOREST FIRES INITIATION, SPREAD AND IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT

A mathematical model of surface and crown forest fires spread and impact is considered. A three-dimensional multiphase, physic based model is used. The boundary-value problem is solved numerically by finite volume method. This model has been applied to describe the process of initiation and spread of surfaces forest fires and their transfer into crown of forest fires. The results of numerical solutions present the distribution of the main functions of the process (the velocity field, the temperature of gas and solid phase, the concentration of the oxygen, gas product of pyrolysis and inert components, etc.) over time. Scenarios modeled within this study represent a possible approach to the preliminary assessment of risk and should be verified by more detailed computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling
Aggregate packing characteristics of good and poor performing asphalt mixes

The aggregate structure of the compacted mix is a determining factor for the performance of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA). In this paper, the grading characteristics of good and poor performing HMA mixes are explored using the concepts of the Bailey method and related techniques for determining the porosity of the Dominant Aggregate Size Range (DASR) and the permeability characteristics of the mix. The aim is to assess the potential benefits of these new gradation analysis techniques for HMA performance in South Africa. The aggregate gradation of past mix designs, for which the field performance is known, are analysed and discussed in the paper. Typical properties of the aggregate structures of good and poor performing medium continuously graded asphalt (ACM) mixes are identified. The primary differences between the grading of the studied good and poor performing mixes lie in the grading of the coarser aggregate. While the poor performing mixes are coarser according to the classical definition, the good performers have a more voluminous DASR. The paper concludes that the grading analysis concepts allow the design engineer new insights into the structure of aggregates. The principles can be used to develop more specific guidelines for aggregate structure selection.
Mpilog, Macromodeling via Parametric Identification of Logic Gates

This paper addresses the development of computational models of digital integrated circuit input and output buffers via the identification of nonlinear parametric models. The obtained models run in standard circuit simulation environments, offer improved accuracy and good numerical efficiency, and do not disclose information on the structure of the modeled devices. The paper reviews the basics of the parametric identification approach and illustrates its most recent extensions to handle temperature and supply voltage variations as well as power supply ports and tristate devices.
Local Environments of Dilute Activator Ions in the Solid-State Lighting Phosphor Y3–xCexAl5O12

The oxide garnet Y3Al5O12 (YAG), when substituted with a few percent of the activator ion Ce3+ to replace Y3+, is a luminescent material that is nearly ideal for phosphor-converted solid-state white lighting. The local environments of the small number of substituted Ce3+ ions are known to critically influence the optical properties of the phosphor. Using a combination of powerful experimental methods, the nature of these local environments is determined and is correlated with the macroscopic luminescent properties of Ce-substituted YAG. The rigidity of the garnet structure is established and is shown to play a key role in the high quantum yield and in the resistance toward thermal quenching of luminescence. Local structural probes reveal compression of the Ce3+ local environments by the rigid YAG structure, which gives rise to the unusually large crystal-field splitting, and hence yellow emission. Effective design rules for finding new phosphor materials inferred from the results establish that efficient phosphors require rigid, highly three-dimensionally connected host structures with simple compositions that manifest a low number of phonon modes, and low activator ion concentrations to avoid quenching.
The European Monetary Union and Imbalances: Is it an Anticipation Story?

This paper investigates the sources of current account imbalances accumulated within the European Monetary Union before the Great Recession. First, it documents that starting in 1996, before the actual introduction of the euro, countries in the euro area periphery experienced increasing current account deficits, appreciating real exchange rates and output growing faster than trends. Then, it develops and estimates a small open economy DSGE model which encompasses a variety of possible unanticipated and anticipated shocks. The main finding is that anticipated reductions in international borrowing costs can explain the observed evidence while productivity increases (anticipated or not) cannot: falling borrowing costs implies appreciation while increasing productivity implies depreciation. Quantitatively, anticipated shocks account for one third of output, half of real exchange rate and two third of current account fluctuations. In particular, anticipated fluctuations in international borrowing costs explain respectively 30 and 40 percent of current account and real exchange rate movements.
RETINYL ACETATE AND MELATONIN IN CHEMOPREVENTION OF MAMMARY CARCINOGENESIS IN FEMALE RATS: METABOLIC CHANGES

Chamilova M. , B. Bojkova, K. Kalicka, P. Kubatka, E. Adamekova, E. Ahlersova, I . A hlers, B . P astorova: Retinyl Acetate and Melatonin in Chemoprevention of Mammary Carcinogenesis in Female Rats: Metabolic Changes. Acta Vet. Brno, 2001, 70: 57-63. Combination of chemopreventive substances is expected to be an effective way to combat cancer in the near future. We therefore tested the effect of retinyl acetate (RA) and melatonin (MEL). Nmethyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) was used to induce mammary carcinogenesis in female SpragueDawley rats (n = 71). NMU was administered intraperitoneally in two doses, each of 50 mg/kg b.w. between postnatal days 43 and 57. MEL was given in drinking water (20 µg/ml) to group 1 (n = 18) for 22 weeks, beginning 12 d before NMU administration. RA administration (8.2 mg per animal and day per os) in group 2 (n = 18) started 11 days before NMU administration and lasted for 22 weeks. Group 3 (n = 17) received both chemopreventive substances and group 4 (n = 10) was left intact. The incidence, latency period, frequency and tumor volume were evaluated in all animals. Selected indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were evaluated in tissue samples and blood serum. RA+MEL combination decreased the incidence and frequency per group and lengthened the latency period for tumor occurrence. Both MEL and RA+MEL decreased the serum glucose concentration in tumor-bearing (TB) as well as in non-TB (NTB) animals. In TB animals a decrease of serum cholesterol (CH) in comparison with NTB and intact animals was observed. In the liver of both TB and NTB animals, RA administration led to CH accumulation, RA+MEL combination did not influence this situation. MEL alone and in combination with RA markedly decreased the malondialdehyde concentration in bone marrow of both TB and NTB animals. The combination of RA + MEL extended the possibilities of a succesfull prevention of experimental mammary carcinogenesis. MEL did not cause substantial side effects in the chronic administration protocol and the decrease in tissue lipid peroxidation predominated among its effects.
How well does your model fit the data

Despite almost five decades of activity on the computer modelling of input–output relationships, little general agreement has emerged on appropriate indices for the goodness-of-fit of a model to a set of observations of the pertinent variables. The coefficient of efficiency, which is closely allied in form to the coefficient of determination, has been widely adopted in many data mining and modelling exercises. Values of this coefficient close to unity are taken as evidence of good matching between observed and computed flows. However, studies using synthetic data have demonstrated that negative values of the coefficient of efficiency can occur both in the presence of bias in computed outputs, and when the computed volume of flow greatly exceeds the observed volume of flow. In contrast, the coefficient of efficiency lacks discrimination for cases close to perfect reproduction. In the latter case, a coefficient based upon the first differences of the data proves to be more helpful.
Evaluation of p-delta effect in structural seismic response

Numerous recent studies have assessed the effect of P-Delta on the structures. This paper investigates the effect of P-Delta in seismic response of structures with different heights. For indicating the effect of P-Delta, nonlinear static analysis (pushover analysis) and nonlinear dynamic analysis (Time history analysis) were conducted by using finite element software. The results showing that the P-Delta has a significant impact on the structural behavior mainly on the peak amplitude of building when the height of the structures increased. In addition, comparison has been made between concrete and steel structure.
Clinical profile of low birth babies in NICU: a rural tertiary care hospital based study

The world health organisation has defined Low birth weight as babies whose birth weight is less than 2500 grams irrespective of duration of gestation. LBW is associated with perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Etiology of LBW is complex interplay of various maternal, fetal and socioeconomic factors. LBW at birth may be because of either prematurity or intrauterine growth retardation due to various neonatal and maternal factors.
A study of digital mammograms by using clustering algorithms

This study presents clustering algorithms to study digital mammograms. Probabilistic clustering algorithms performed better than hierarchical clustering algorithm. Clustering results are competitive with classification results, indicating that clustering algorithms can be used as an important tool to study digital mammograms. Probabilistic clustering algorithms can also be used by radiologists to improve their prediction accuracy.
Protocol optimization for in vitro propagation of two Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties through lateral bud culture

Potato is a versatile vegetable that is eaten all around the year. The objective of this study was to establish a protocol for in vitro micropropagation of Gudene and Belete popular varieties in Ethiopia from lateral bud explants. For shoot induction and multiplication, lateral bud explants were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with different concentration levels of PGRS. Rooting was done on the same media type with different concentration levels of IBA and NAA in combination. The rooted plantlets were then acclimatized under poly-house conditions by transplanting the plantlets regenerated on moist soil mixture of loam soil, sand and compost in 2:1:1 ratio respectively. Results showed that shoot initiation, shoot multiplication and root formation responses were significant (P<0.05) at different hormone levels and combinations. 91.67 and 87.5% of explants survived and initiated for Gudenie and Belete varieties, respectively on shoot initiation MS basal medium supplemented with combination of 2.0 mg/l BAP and 1.0 mg/l IAA. In both varieties, number of nodes/explant, number of shoots/explant and shoot length/explant were significantly (P<0.05) higher at 0.5 mg/l BAP and 2 mg/l Kn. Number of days to shoot emergence was also found to be shorter at this level of hormonal combination than other treatments. Number of roots/shoot, root length/shoot, root fresh and dry weight were significantly affected due to growth regulators combination. The acclimatization experiment showed that plantlets of both varieties survived better on the sterilized soil mixture (loam red soil, san and compost) in a ratio of 2:1:1 with better Gudene performance as compared to the second variety. Key words: Explants, auxin, cytokinin, in vitro propagation, MS media and lateral buds.
Extension of Liskov Substitution Principle and Application to Curriculum Management

This paper offers an extension of the Liskov substitution principle by means of compatible systems, i.e., right or appropriate or functional systems. The compatible systems are represented by compatible sets. The compatible sets are first defined and the new approach to the mathematical modelling of compatible systems is given. The properties of compatible systems are next presented and applied to the curriculum management in higher education. The theoretical results are exemplified by a case study that discusses the curriculum management of two academic programs of study using the information densities of optional, fundamental and specialized courses. A discussion on the systems compatibility in several fields is included and the importance of our multidisciplinary approach to compatible resources management is highlighted.
Heat equation and the sharp Young's inequality

We show that the sharp Young’s inequality for convolutions first obtained by Bechner [2] and Brascamp-Lieb [7] can be derived from the monotone in time evolution of a Lyapunov functional of the convolution of two solutions to the heat equation, with different diffusion coefficients, first introduced by Bennett and Bez in [4]. Our proof is based on a suitable adaptation of an old idea of Stam [19] and Blachman [6], used to obtain Shannon’s entropy power inequality.
Effects of navigation systems errors in the accuracy of auvs trajectory control algorithms during a recovery manoeuver

Nowadays, control systems have assumed an increasingly important role in the development and advancement of modern civilisation and technology. In this sense, Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are playing a growing role in the ocean sciences, since they are revolutionising the process of gathering ocean data. This sort of robots has suffered an important evolution in recent years motivated by the advances reached in the field of navigation, guidance and control systems. Their major breakthroughs resulted from successful developments of complementary technologies to overcome the challenges associated with autonomous operation in harsh environments. By the end of the last century, AUVs have gradually moved from the controlled academic environment into operational scenarios, covering scientific, commercial and military applications. Nevertheless, the risks associated with the underwater recovery of AUVs are still considerable and there is a great interest in the scientific community in the development of methods and algorithms to increase the accuracy of the autonomous navigation. The objective of this paper is to present a control algorithm capable of guiding an AUV all along a trajectory to the underwater recovery in a mobile platform and check how the target movement and USBL refresh rate affect. This algorithm controls AUV's government to follow the path with the least possible error in position, orientation and velocity. The operation starts when the vehicle reaches a preset starting zone after finishing its mission and the AUV must to be able to reach a target point placed inside of a recovery station. The control module is composed of three controllers. The Yaw and Pitch angles use PID controllers to govern the AUV keeping its bow (xuuv, yuuv, zuuv) on the calculated trajectory (xi, yi, zi) and its orientation such that the AUV’s velocity (Vr ⃗⃗ ⃗), relative to the moving target, is parallel to a vector t gi tangent to the trajectory (Fig. 2). Position and orientation errors, both in horizontal plane (h) and vertical axis (z) are calculated at each integration point as shown in Equations (1) and (2) respectively.
Monitoring Strategies for Precise Production of High Quality Fruit and Yield in Apple in Emilia-romagna

Research has shown that pomefruit orchard production can be forecast. Basic information about orchard characteristics as tree density, fruit load and fruit size can translate into useful information on orchard production. In most cases the complete flow of this information is only available after harvest. Precision horticulture integrates this information in order to evaluate the management performed by the grower, and to assess whether it is in line to achieve the desired targets or not. The Department of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Bologna and HK-Horticultural Knowledge (HK, 2011) after several years of conducting experiences of precise fruit growing in commercial orchards cooperate to bring to fruition this novel approach. Precise measurement of fruit growth is justified on the concept that the fruit can be considered as the most relevant indicator of how well is the process progressing. A four year experiment will be presented. Fruit maximum diameter was recorded every other week during the cell expansion phase of growth. The data were processed and a diagnosis was released in real time to the grower, assessing the progress of the crop, and serving as a verification that the applied management techniques are yielding the expected production result. The real time forecast has been used to evaluate a comparison between predicted and the real breakdown of the total yield into size categories, which allows to release also a very accurate estimate of orchard yield for the packing house.
Disaster Risk Reduction and Capacity Assessment: Reflecting on the Japanese Experience

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is an increasingly important issue on the global agenda with great effort being made through policy and science to minimize disasters' impacts on humans and the environment. The paper discusses some components of capacity assessment that are relevant to strengthening DRR capacity and reference is made to the Great East Japan Earthquake (earthquake, tsunami and nuclear accident) on the lessons learned, particularly from the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
Maximum Power Point Tracking ForPhotovoltaic System by Perturb and ObserveMethod Using Buck Boost Converter

Energy , especially alternative source of energy is vital for the development of a country. In future, the world anticipates to develop more of its solar resource potential as an alternative energy source to overcome the persistent shortages and unreliability of power supply. In order to maximize the power output the system components of the photovoltaic system should be optimized. For the optimization maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a promising technique that grid tie inverters , solar battery chargers and similar devices use to get the maximum possible power from one or more solar panels. Among the different methods used to track the maximum power point, Perturb and Observe method is a type of strategy to optimize the power output of an array. In this method, the controller adjusts the voltage by a small amount from the array and measures power, if the power increases, further adjustments in that direction are tried until power no longer increases. In this research paper the system performance is optimized by perturb and observe method using buck boost converter. By varying the duty cycle of the buck boost converter, the source impedance can be matched to adjust the load impedance to improve the efficiency of the system. The Performance has been studied by the MATLAB/Simulink.
High-momentum antisymmetrized molecular dynamics compared with tensor-optimized shell model for strong tensor correlation

We treat the tensor correlation in antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) including large-relative-momentum components among nucleon pairs for finite nuclei. The tensor correlation is described by using large imaginary centroid vectors of Gaussian wave packets for nucleon pairs with opposite directions, which makes a large relative momentum. We superpose the AMD basis states, in which one nucleon pair has various relative momenta for all directions; this new method is called "high-momentum AMD" (HM-AMD). We show the results for $^4$He using the effective interaction having a strong tensor force. It is found that HM-AMD provides a large tensor matrix element comparable to the case of the tensor-optimized shell model (TOSM), in which the two-particle-two-hole (2p-2h) excitations are fully included to describe the tensor correlation. The results of two methods agree with each other at the level of the Hamiltonian components of $^4$He. This indicates that in HM-AMD the high-momentum components described by the imaginary centroid vectors of the nucleon pair provide the equivalent effect of the 2p-2h excitations for the tensor correlation.
Research on the Adaptive Object-Model Architecture Style *

The rapidly changing requirements and business rules stimulate software developers to make their applications more dynamic, configurable, and adaptable. An effective way to meet such requirements is to apply an adaptive object-model (AOM). The AOM architecture style is composed of metamodel, model engine and tools. Firstly, two small patterns for building up metamodel are analyzed in detail. Then model engine for interpreting metamodel and tools for end-uses to define and configure