Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE POSSIBLE EFFECT OF PREBIOTIC OLIGOFRUCTOSE ON GUT MICROBIOTA AND METABOLIC ENDOTOXEMIA PRODUCED BY HIGH FAT DIET IN ADULT MALE RATS

Background:Gut microbiota is the complex community of microorganisms that live in the GIT of humans and other animals.Oligofructose(OFS) is one of prebiotics which modulates gut microbiota. Objective:Assessing the potential effects of the prebiotic OFS on gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemiain high fat diet (HFD) fed rats. Material and methods: Forty adult male albino rats weredivided into 2 groups: Group I (10 rats)fed on a standard rat chow for 14weeks. Group II (30 rats) fed on HFD for 8weeks.In the next 6 weeks, rats of group II were divided into 3 equal subgroups:Group II 1(control B) continued feeding on HFD.Group II 2 continued feeding on HFD with administration of OFS. Group II 3 continued feeding on standard rat chow instead of HFD with administration of OFS. At the end of 14 weeks, blood and fecal samples were collected for biochemical analysisto gut microbiota (FirmicutesandBacteroidetes phyla), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Results: OFS produced increase in Bacteroidetes phylum in comparison with HFD fed group (control B). On the other hand, OFS produced decrease in Firmicutes phylum, LPS and TNFα in comparison with HFD fed group (control B). There was better improvement when OFS was given standard rat chow than with HFD. Conclusion: OFS induced improvement in gut microbiota composition, endotoxemiaand inflammatory biomarkers. There was better improvement when OFS was fed with standard diet in HFD fed rats.
Molecular Taxonomy of some Species of Genus Salvia L. (Lamiaceae) in Kurdistan Region, Iraq التصنیف الجزیئی لبعض انواع الجنس Salvia L. (العائلة الشفویة) فی اقلیم کردستان ، العراق

Genus Salvia, commonly known as sage, is the largest genus in the Lamiaceae family.A phylogenetic analysis was conducted using sequences that were studied. The current study was reached to the identification of Salvia L. taxa family (Lamiaceae) in Kurdistan Region,Iraq.The study concluded that the current diagnosis of (5) taxa in different areas of Iraq these taxa were (Salvia spinosa, Salvia palaestina, Salvia viridis, Salvia multicaulis and Salvia syriaca). The objectives of this study were to explore the phylogenetic relationships and molecular taxonomy of five genus species Salvia, I studied the neighbour-joining tree of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the genus Salvia. The outcomes demonstrated the running of the achieved nucleotide of the Salvia in Mega X to show the similarity with other species of Salvia. The result shows the similarity with these five species and the tree divided into four clades, which are (clade 1,2,3, and 4). Which clade 1 consists of (Salvia spinosa and Salvia palaestina). Then the relationship between Salvia spinosa with the Salvia palaestina is about 79% in the same group in clade1 and the relationship between them. This group is also a sister relative by 99% with the species of Salvia syriaca in the clade 2. The clade 3 and clade 4 consist of (Salvia viridis & Salvia multicaulis) respectively, and the similarity of these two clades with the clade 1 and 2 is 79%. They were grouped into a different trichotomy in the surface of leaves, stems, and flowers. Most species were different and occurred in separated clades. The phylogenetic relationships of Salvia L. taxa consider the first study in Iraq.
Image Segmentation Methods Based on Superpixel Techniques: A Survey

—There is a growing demand for image processing in a wide range of applications such as photography, robotics, television, remote sensing, industrial inspection, and medical diagnosis. This study overviews some of the existing image segmentation methods that focus on producing superpixels. A superpixel or segment is a homogeneous, local coherent structure that speciﬁes information oversampling or scales resolutions. There are many image segmentation or superpixelization methods which divide color image with different techniques according to their characteristics and parameters as image acquisition might be seriously affected by many factors such as light and shadow. Several image segmentation algorithms were investigated in image processing research for creating superpixels that may lack the ability to control the size, number, and compactness of segments. Superpixel generation algorithms can be categorized into graph-based methods and gradient-ascent based approaches.
Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation and SME Performance: Moderating Effect of Absorptive Capacity of the Firm

This paper investigates a model of SME performance based on the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and absorptive capacity of the firm. The model tested the direct effects of innovativeness, risk-taking and proactiveness on firm performance and the moderating role of absorptive capacity on the relationship between the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. Structural equation modelling with multi group analysis was used to test the model in the context of small and medium scale hotel and restaurant industry in Sri Lanka. Results indicate that highly entrepreneurial-oriented SMEs with high level of absorptive capacity achieve higher level of performance.
Influence of Diclofenac on Activated Sludge Bacterial Communities in Fed-Batch Reactors

SUMMARY Research background The occurrence and environmental toxicity of pharmaceuticals have recently attracted increasing attention. Diclofenac is a highly consumed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is often detected in wastewaters, but investigations of its influence on bacteria are scarce. Experimental approach We investigated the influence of this pharmaceutical on bacterial community in activated sludge exposed to increasing concentrations of diclofenac in fed-batch reactors over 41 days. Nitrification activity of the activated sludge was measured and changes in bacterial community structure were followed using culture-independent molecular method (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, T-RFLP) and by the cultivation approach. Results and conclusions Nitrification activity was not detectably influenced by the addition of diclofenac, while the main change of the bacterial community structure was detected only at the end of incubation (after 41 days) when diclofenac was added to artificial wastewater as the only carbon source. Changes in community composition due to enrichment were observed using cultivation approach. However, taxonomic affiliation of isolates did not match taxons identified by T-RFLP community profiling. Isolates obtained from activated sludge used as inoculum belonged to five genera: Comamonas, Arthrobacter, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter and Aeromonas, known for their potential to degrade aromatic compounds. However, only Pseudomonas species were isolated after the last enrichment step on minimal agar plates with diclofenac added as the sole carbon source. Novelty and scientific contribution Our results suggest that the selected recalcitrant and commonly detected pharmaceutical does not strongly influence the sensitive and important nitrification process of wastewater treatment. Moreover, the isolated strains obtained after enrichment procedure that were able to grow on minimal agar plates with diclofenac added as the only carbon source could serve as potential model bacteria to study bacterial diclofenac degradation.
Alternating current conductivity of iron(III)-phthalocyanine grafted poly(N-vinylcarbazole)

Abstract Differences in alternating current conductivity measurements carried out on Fe(III)-phthalocyanine grafted poly(N-vinylcarbazole), compared to that of the fresh polymer, are attributed to both the linking chemical group involved and resonant structures developed. Polar and magnetic characteristics of the samples create capacitative and inductive behaviors. Frequency and temperature variations cause nonlinear electrical responses and enhanced conductivities up to 6 orders of magnitude, a.c. conductivity values, over 10−2 S m−1 obtained at discrete frequency and temperature values, are unusual responses of electrical measurements in vinylaromatic-based semiconducting polymer materials. Experiments using varying temperatures from room temperature to 200°C, gave conductivity peaks that are heating rate dependent. The bond flexibility of the link between the metal-phthalocyanine and polymer is of primary importance to the conduction behavior.
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Menstrual Health among the High School Girls in Ashram Shaala of Tribal Area: In View to Develop Information Booklet

Aim: The aim this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of adolescent girls studying in ashram shalas (residential schools) in tribal area and prepare and distribute the information booklet on menstrual health. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study carried out between January and February 2019. Two hundred high school girls of selected Asharam Shaala were selected by simple random sampling technique. The data was collected using structured questionnaire, attitude scale and checklist. After the analysis of data for KAP with regards to menstrual health, information booklet on menstrual health was prepare in local language and distributed to the participants. Results: The result of the study revealed that, majority (84%) of the high school girls are aware about menstruation health. Their knowledge was assessed using semi structured questionnaire, the findings suggested that 55.50% of high school girls had average knowledge, and 40.50% high school girls have poor knowledge of menstruation and menstrual health. The 66% of the high school girls describe their response to their first menses was scar. The study findings revealed that majority (86.50%) of the high school girls have negative attitude towards menstrual health may be the impact of social and cultural taboos in the tribal areas. Conclusions: The study concluded that majority of girls having negative attitude towards menstrual health, and average knowledge regarding menstrual health. Efforts have to put into ensuring the school girls are well educated on menstruation and menstrual health.
A Comparative Analysis of Cuk and Buck Boost Converter for PFC in an Induction Motor

1PG Scholar, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mar Baselios College of Engineering and Technology, Kerala, India. 2Professor, Head of Department, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mar Baselios College of Engineering and Technology, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: Power factor correction is essential for ac – dc power supplies because manufactures are forced by the regulatory agencies to minimize harmonic problems. Traditionally we use various methods for power factor correction. This paper deals with a comparative analysis of Cuk and buck boost converter for power factor correction in an Induction motor. Conventional converters uses rectifier circuits with power factor correction but the output voltage is limited. For high controlled voltage range buck boost or Cuk converter should be needed. The performance of the system is evaluated using MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Consumers and QR code payment method: A Case of Pakistani Retail Environment

Consumers tend to find ways that are beneficial and useful for them during a shopping experience. They use different methods, either online or offline, for a more considerable retail experience. Thus, the use of a particular technology when it accessible, useful, beneficial and innovative may help them progress a certain attitude. The practice of theory of acceptance model (TAM) proved to be right in this context of embracing of QR code transaction method. This kind of payment system is still relatively new in the Pakistani environment, but this, with the current research framework, it shows that consumers are willing to adopt it. Thus, CINN, PBN, PEU, PUF, and attitude proved to be suitable variables for the adoption of this technology.
Study on the influence of technological factors on drug loading of poorly water-soluble drug on MCM-41 mesoporous carrier

The present study explored solvent impregnation drug loading process of the poorly soluble non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin on MCM-41 type mesoporous silica carrier. Different technological factors that can influence drug-loading process as time of reaction, temperature, use of non-solvent as well as different ratios between drug and MCM-41 were studied. TEM and DLS were used to characterize physicochemical properties of obtained particles. The influence of drug-loading rate on dissolution process were studied using in-vitro release tests. Our results established that changes in explored technological factors could lead to different indomethacin loading. Moreover, the in-vitro release tests proved that drug loading rate had a direct influence on indomethacin release from MCM-41 particles. Our finding suggested that by tuning the main technological factors it would be possible different drug delivery systems with different drug loading rate to be obtained.
PROTOTYPICAL SEMANTIC CONCEPTS ACQUIRED FIRST ?

The aim of the present research was to examine the production of three types of se-verbs at different stages of first language acquisition of Serbian. The verbs tested were true reflexive (e.g. oblačiti se ‘dress oneself’), true reciprocal (e.g. grliti se ‘hug each other’), and anticausative verbs (e.g. otvoriti se ‘open’). None of the tested types is syntactically simple, because they do not involve a canonical linking of semantic roles and syntactic functions (agent-subject and patient-object). However, it was expected that true reflexive verbs would be acquired before true reciprocal and anti-causative verbs, because they are less complex. They are the only type that mirrors prototypical semantic concepts, although the agent and patient theta-roles are both mapped onto the subject. A total of sixty subjects belonging to three age groups (31-42, 43-55, 56-68 months-twenty participants in each group) took part in the research. The data collection technique was a verb elicitation task. The children were asked to name the activities presented in the pictures. The number of tested verbs was the same for each verb type. The initial hypothesis was confirmed, since the production of true reflexive verbs was the most accurate across groups.
A Toolkit for the Automatic Analysis of Human Behavior in HCI Applications in the Wild

Nowadays, smartphones and laptops equipped with cameras have become an integral part of our daily lives. The pervasive use of cameras enables the collection of an enormous amount of data, which can be easily extracted through video images processing. This opens up the possibility of using technologies that until now had been restricted to laboratories, such as eye-tracking and emotion analysis systems, to analyze users’ behavior in the wild, during the interaction with websites. In this context, this paper introduces a toolkit that takes advantage of deep learning algorithms to monitor user’s behavior and emotions, through the acquisition of facial expression and eye gaze from the video captured by the webcam of the device used to navigate the web, in compliance with the EU General data protection regulation (GDPR). Collected data are potentially useful to support user experience assessment of web-based applications in the wild and to improve the effectiveness of e-commerce recommendation systems.
A Mathematical Model for Interpretation of Brine-Dependent Spontaneous Imbibition Experiments

In this paper we consider a mathematical model that seeks to explain possible mechanisms for brine-dependent oil recovery in chalk. It is well documented through lab experiments that the brine composition has a strong impact on oil recovery. In particular, the role of the divalent ions (Ca2 , Mg2 and SO24−) present in seawater have been extensively studied. Also the effect of salinity which is mainly controlled by the monovalent ions Na and Cl− has been carefully investigated. It has been observed that chemical reactions occur between rock and brine when seawater or seawater-like brines are injected or diffuse into chalk at high temperature. Different chemical mechanisms are involved like ion exchange, adsorption, and precipitation/dissolution of minerals such as calcite, magnesite and anhydrite. Hence, these experiments suggest that for spontaneous imbibition tests the produced oil is a result of an interplay between capillary forces and the imposed water-rock chemistry. We are interested in formulating a theory for this observed behavior based on a proper combination of geochemical and two-phase model components. The mathematical model we present couples geochemical reactive transport with the capillary forces trapping the oil. When a brine different from the formation brine enters pore space the water-rock chemistry induces changes on the rock surface. It is suggested that this leads to correspond- ing changes of the wetting state as represented by relative permeability and capillary pressure curves. Different hypothesis concerning the possible link between geochemical changes of the rock-surface and changes of wetting state are explored. Specifically, we employ the model to dis- cuss some previously published lab experiments where systematic variations in Ca2 and SO24− in imbibing and initial brine were explored. The model suggests that at 70◦C neither dissolution nor precipitation are the main contributors for wettability alteration. Rather, a conceptual sulfate adsorption mechanism coupled to the surface activity of calcium readily explain how adding more sulfate and calcium to the system would increase oil recovery. Hence, we demonstrate how the model can be used as a tool for systematic investigations aiming at identifying key mechanisms important for mobilization of oil as a function of brine composition.
Effects of climate variability and uncontrolled urbanization on the spatial dynamics of lakes in the niayes area of senegal: case of thiourour, warouwaye, wouye and mbeubeuss lakes

The purpose of this contribution is to study the dynamics of coastal lakes on the Great Coast of Senegal in a context of climate variability and change, as in the case of Thiourour Warouwaye, Wouye and Mbeubeuss. Diachronic mapping using aerial photographs and satellite images (Landsat and Google Earth Pro images) has made it possible to assess the extent and nature of land cover changes over four dates (1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019). The results show, over the first sequence of observations (1988 and 1999), a tendency for water bodies to decline by less than 26.7 ha for Thiourour Warouwaye and Wouye lakes, unlike Mbeubeuss lake, where the water body has increased by 47.9 ha. On the second sequence of observations (1999 and 2019), an extension is noted on the building and water bodies that increased from 41.6 ha to 51.4 ha on the different lakes (only the water body of Lake Wourouwaye has regressed). Lake systems therefore regenerate after a regressive trend observed in the first sequence in a highly anthropized environment today, thus reducing their ability to perform their ecosystem functions.
SERVICES EXPORT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A PANEL COINTEGRATION APPROACH

This paper attempts to quantify the contribution of services export to economic growth for 89 countries over the period 1970-2018. we estimate growth accounting equations to explore the causal relationship between services export and real GDP, using panel cointegration technique and panel error-correction models (VECM) in combination with fully modified OLS and dynamic OLS methods. Results show that long-run relationships exist and there is strong evidence of causality from services export to income and weak evidence of causality from income to services export. The results substantiate the existence of services export-led growth hypothesis. Further, the results show that in the long-run trade liberalization policies prove is beneficial in promoting productivity and growth. Keywords: Services export, Economic growth, Panel cointegration, Causality.
The Evolution of Psychological Response to Athlete Injury Models for Professional Sport

Elite competitive sport is linked with a unique collection of stressors distinct from the general population. While there have been advancements in understanding the role that stressors play within the elite sporting environment, uncertainty still exists around a clear process for measuring stressors, and their specific relationship to injury. A number of models have been proposed as useful frameworks for investigating and describing the role of stress and its interaction with the psychological response to athletic injury. While these models provide evolving points of view drawing on different theoretical backgrounds regarding their interpretation of athletic stress and injury, they offer little application to the applied elite sporting environment, and no detail of how they these models support athletes, and high performance staff in the applied setting. This narrative review will present two popular theoretical psychological models of sports injury rehabilitation. We argue that these models could be better applied in the current sporting environment if they utilized biological markers such as cortisol measures of personality. Extending from the Biopsychosocial model of injury, we present an updated model of injury quantifying the psychophysiological response for athletes [1]. This model is aligned with the current applied sporting landscape, incorporating the implementation of measurement practice guidelines, and offering high-performance staff an example that can be applied to their unique setting by assessing individuals' distinct measures of cortisol and personality in response to stress and injury.