Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How does selfing affect the genetic variance of quantitative traits? An updated meta‐analysis on empirical results in angiosperm species

Most theoretical works predict that selfing should reduce the level of additive genetic variance available for quantitative traits within natural populations. Despite a growing number of quantitative genetic studies undertaken during the last two decades, this prediction is still not well supported empirically. To resolve this issue and confirm or reject theoretical predictions, we reviewed quantitative trait heritability estimates from natural plant populations with different rates of self‐fertilization and carried out a meta‐analysis. In accordance with models of polygenic traits under stabilizing selection, we found that the fraction of additive genetic variance is negatively correlated with the selfing rate. Although the mating system explains a moderate fraction of the variance, the mean reduction of narrow‐sense heritability values between strictly allogamous and predominantly selfing populations is strong, around 60%. Because some nonadditive components of genetic variance become selectable under inbreeding, we determine whether self‐fertilization affects the relative contribution of these components to genetic variance by comparing narrow‐sense heritability estimates from outcrossing populations with broad‐sense heritability estimated in autogamous populations. Results suggest that these nonadditive components of variance may restore some genetic variance in predominantly selfing populations; it remains, however, uncertain how these nonadditive components will contribute to adaptation.
Preparation and Identification of Novel Antihypertensive Peptides from the In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion of Marine Cobia Skin Hydrolysates

This research focuses on cobia skin hydrolysates and their antihypertensive effects via the inhibitory activities of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). Marine fish Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) skin was hydrolysed for 5 h using Protamex and Protease N to obtain the cobia skin protein hydrolysates PX-5 and PN-5, respectively. The soluble protein and peptide contents of the PX-5 were 612 and 270 mg/g, respectively, and for the PN-5, 531 and 400 mg/g, respectively. The IC50 of PX-5 and PN-5 on ACE was 0.221 and 0.291 mg/mL, respectively. Increasing the IC50 from 0.221 to 0.044 mg/mL by simulated gastrointestinal digestion (PX-5G) reduced the ACE-inhibitory capacity of PX-5. Using gel filtration chromatography, the PX-5G was fractioned into eight fractions. The molecular weight of the fifth fraction from PX-5G was between 630 and 450 Da, and the highest inhibitory efficiency ratio on ACE was 1552.4%/mg/mL. We identified four peptide sequences: Trp-Ala-Ala, Ala-Trp-Trp, Ile-Trp-Trp, and Trp-Leu, with IC50 values for ACE of 118.50, 9.40, 0.51, and 26.80 μM, respectively. At a dose of 600 mg PX-5 powder/kg body weight, in spontaneously hypertensive rats PX-5’s antihypertensive effect significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 21.9 and 15.5 mm Hg, respectively, after 4 h of oral gavage.
IDENTIFYING NARRATOR’S NEGOTIATION IN THE PROGRAM OF DISCOVERY CHANNEL A STUDY CASE OF THE BERMUDA TRIANGLE EXPOSED

Proses komunikasi merupakan bentuk negosiasi antara penutur dan pendengar untuk menyampaikan tujuan atau maksud tertentu baik secara eksplisit maupun implisit. Dalam skripsi ini, penulis tertarik menganalisa bagaimana seorang penutur menegosiasikan sikap-sikap yang ia miliki ke dalam ujarannya. Penulis memilih video dari Discovery Channel yang berjudul ‘The Bermuda Triangle Exposed’ sebagai bahan penelitian. Fokus skripsi ini adalah cara narator video tesebut melibatkan sikapnya terhadap apa yang ia bahas. Penulis menggunakan teori utama appraisal system dengan mood system sebagai teori pembantu. Penulis membatasi pembahasan persoalan hanya pada analisa terhadap attitude items yang ia temukan dalam ujaran penutur. Tujuan skripsi yaitu mendeskripsikan bentuk attitude items yang ditemukan dalam ujaran narator video ‘The Bermuda Triangle Exposed’ serta menyimpulkan sikap yang sebenarnya dimiliki oleh narator tersebut. Data yang digunakan berupa kalimat atau ujaran penutur yang mengandung attitude items . Metode pengambilan contoh menggunakan purposive sampling technique dan teori Sudaryanto (1993) yaitu metode simak bebas libat cakap. Dalam menganalisis data, penulis menggunakan teori appraisal system dari Martin and Rose (2003). Selain itu, untuk memudahkan penganalisaan, penulis menggunakan teori mood system dari Gerot and Wignel (1994) dan Halliday and Matthiessen (2004). Hasil dari analisa menyebutkan bahwa secara keseluruhan, narator cenderung menyatakan sikap gelisah dan merasa tidak aman terhadap kekuatan Segitiga Bermuda. Selain itu, lebih dari setengah attitude items merupakan appreciation yang berarti penulis lebih memfokuskan sikapnya pada penilaian tentang Segitiga Bermuda baik secara fisik maupun sifat. Narator juga cenderung lebih menggunakan kata-kata yang justru menguatkan informasi yang ia sampaikan daripada menggunakan kata-kata yang melemahkannya. Selain itu, narrator menggunakan projecting a clause untuk menyampaikan sumber ujaran nya dan memberi batasan jelas terhadap opini yang bukan miliknya sendiri.
DESIGN OF 16 BIT LOW POWER PROCESSOR USING CLOCK GATING TECHNIQUE

Low power design is gaining importance due to the increasing need of battery operated portable devices with high computing capability. The reliability of integrated circuit depends on the heat dissipated in the circuit. The cost of the system also increases with the cooling systems for heat removal. A large fraction of the power consumed by a synchronous logic is due to the clock distribution network and the high switching activity at the nodes. Clock Gating is the well known technique used to reduce the clock power. In this paper we have presented the design of 16 bit processor using 90nm technology by applying the clock gating principle at the fine grained level to minimize the power dissipation.
Measuring the Implementation of Total Quality Management: Ibn Al-Haytham Hospital Case Study

This study attempted to examine the extent to which Ibn Al-Haytham Hospital in Jordan, as a case study, implemented TQM constructs. The study also aimed at investigating if there were significant differences in the respondentsperception on TQM implementation due to demographic variables (gender, age, education, and years of experience). For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to (250) employees. Number of (194) questionnaires were returned which comprises 77.6% of the target sample. The results indicated that Ibn Al-Haytham Hospital in Jordan is currently attaining a relatively above average level of TQM implementation. The results also showed that there were no significant differences in the respondentsperception on TQM implementation due to gender or age. At the same time, the study results showed that there were significant differences in the respondentsperception on TQM implementation due to education level or years of experience. The study made some recommendations regarding TQM implementation that would assist management of hospitals to increase their organizational performance and effectiveness.
Short-wave infrared barriode detectors using InGaAsSb absorption material lattice matched to GaSb

Short-wave infrared barriode detectors were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. An absorption layer composition of In0.28Ga0. 72As0.25Sb0. 75 allowed for lattice matching to GaSb and cut-off wavelengths of 2.9 μm at 250 K and 3.0 μm at room temperature. Arrhenius plots of the dark current density showed diffusion limited dark currents approaching those expected for optimized HgCdTe-based detectors. Specific detectivity figures of around 7×1010 Jones and 1×1010 Jones were calculated, for 240 K and room temperature, respectively. Significantly, these devices could support focal plane arrays working at higher operating temperatures.
On the attribution of changing pan evaporation in a nature reserve in SW China

Negative trends of measured pan evaporation are widely reported. Studies of the factors that underlie this reduction in pan evaporation have not reached a consensus about the controlling factors. Most studies employ statistical analysis (correlation analysis or stepwise regression) to identify the controlling climatic variables; in contrast, few studies have employed physical‐based theories. In addition, observations of pan evaporation and related climatic variables are reported to be influenced by anthropogenic activities. Consequently, the observed trends of climatic variables in a nature reserve would be useful for understanding regional climate change. The present study site is located in Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, SW China, which is free of anthropogenic activity. In this study, we firstly applied the adjusted PenPan model to estimate the pan evaporation. Then, using this physical‐based model, we identified a positive trend in pan evaporation, with a much larger increase in the dry season than in the wet season. The model results indicate that the change in the aerodynamic component is larger than that in the radiative component. In contrast to the reduction in wind speed and sunshine hours that has been reported in previous studies at various sites, we found that wind speed and sunshine hours have increased in recent decades, thereby explaining the increase of the pan evaporation rate. Wind speed made the greatest contribution to the change in pan evaporation, followed by sunshine duration. This study indicates that the potential evaporation has increased at this site despite the widely reported reduction in measured pan evaporation. During the dry season, the availability of water for agriculture and agroforestry could be threatened. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Melanin and Neuromelanin Fluorescence Studies Focusing on Parkinson’s Disease and Its Inherent Risk for Melanoma

Parkinson’s disease is associated with an increased risk of melanoma (and vice versa). Several hypotheses underline this link, such as pathways affecting both melanin and neuromelanin. For the first time, the fluorescence of melanin and neuromelanin is selectively accessible using a new method of nonlinear spectroscopy, based on a stepwise two-photon excitation. Cutaneous pigmentation and postmortem neuromelanin of Parkinson patients were characterized by fluorescence spectra and compared with controls. Spectral differences could not be documented, implying that there is neither a Parkinson fingerprint in cutaneous melanin spectra nor a melanin-associated fingerprint indicating an increased melanoma risk. Our measurements suggest that Parkinson’s disease occurs without a configuration change of neuromelanin. However, Parkinson patients displayed the same dermatofluorescence spectroscopic fingerprint of a local malignant transformation as controls. This is the first comparative retrospective fluorescence analysis of cutaneous melanin and postmortem neuromelanin based on nonlinear spectroscopy in patients with Parkinson’s disease and controls, and this method is a very suitable diagnostic tool for melanoma screening and early detection in Parkinson patients. Our results suggest a non-pigmentary pathway as the main link between Parkinson’s disease and melanoma, and they do not rule out the melanocortin-1-receptor gene as an additional bridge between both diseases.
Longitudinal preclinical magnetic resonance imaging of diffuse tumor burden in intramedullary myeloma following bortezomib therapy

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a largely incurable, debilitating hematologic malignancy of terminally differentiated plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Identification of therapeutic response is critical for improving outcomes and minimizing costs and off‐target toxicities. To assess changes in BM environmental factors and therapy efficacy, there is a need for noninvasive, nonionizing, longitudinal, preclinical methods.
Infrared Study of Water Sorption on Na-, Li-, Ca-, and Mg-Exchanged (SWy-1 and SAz-1) Montmorillonite

An environmental infrared microbalance (EIRM) cell was used to study H2O sorption on two montmorillonite samples as a function of water content and type of exchangeable cation. The vibrational spectra showed that H2O sorbed to the clay at low-water content was strongly influenced by the exchangeable cation and by the close proximity to the clay surface. At water contents <6 H20 molecules per exchangeable cation, the H-O-H bending mode of H2O (v2 mode) shifts to a lower frequency and is characterized by an increase in molar absorptivity. In contrast, the positions of the asymmetric and symmetric OH-stretching modes of sorbed water (v1 and v3 modes) shift to higher energies. These observations indicate that H2O molecules sorbed to the clay surface at low-water content are less hydrogen bonded than in bulk H2O. In addition, the vibrational-stretching and bending bands of the structural OH groups of the 2:1 layer are also strongly influenced by H2O content and type of exchangeable cation. By using the EIRM cell, the molar absorptivities of the structural OH-bending vibrations were measured as a function of H2O content. The position and molar absorptivity of the structural OH-bending bands at 920, 883, and 840 cm-1 are strongly influenced by H2O content and type of exchangeable cation. The molar absorptivity of the 920-cm-1 band, which is assigned to the AlAlOH group, decreased strongly at low-H2O content. This reduction in intensity is assigned to a dehydration-induced change in orientation of the structural OH groups resulting from the penetration of H2O molecules into siloxane ditrigonal cavities that are not associated with a net negative charge from isomorphous substitutions.
SEED POINT SELECTION OF SEGMENTATION OF LUNG IN HRCT IMAGES

This article proposes a completely mechanized calculation for the exact division of high-resolution computerized tomography regions (HRCTs). A portrayal in light of the power of the locale permits considering the picture for the most part comprising of three districts: the base of the CT, the lungs and the chest area encompassing the lungs. Another technique in view of the surge fill calculation is utilized to viably recognize the encompassing district. This progression encourages the utilization of another quick strategy to evacuate the CT foundation utilizing direct outputs beginning from installed pixels. The related segments speaking to the tracheal parts are expelled by watching the partition of the mean and standard deviation of the power esteems between the trachea and the lungs. Divided aspiratory pictures are additionally improved to reestablish pixel force esteems to bronchi and lung restrict. The proposed system isn't just computational easily, yet in addition powerful and precise in distinguishing lung limits. This article introduces a total picture, including illustrations and test comes about.
Soliton Fractional Charges in Graphene Nanoribbon and Polyacetylene: Similarities and Differences

An introductory overview of current research developments regarding solitons and fractional boundary charges in graphene nanoribbons is presented. Graphene nanoribbons and polyacetylene have chiral symmetry and share numerous similar properties, e.g., the bulk-edge correspondence between the Zak phase and the existence of edge states, along with the presence of chiral boundary states, which are important for charge fractionalization. In polyacetylene, a fermion mass potential in the Dirac equation produces an excitation gap, and a twist in this scalar potential produces a zero-energy chiral soliton. Similarly, in a gapful armchair graphene nanoribbon, a distortion in the chiral gauge field can produce soliton states. In polyacetylene, a soliton is bound to a domain wall connecting two different dimerized phases. In graphene nanoribbons, a domain-wall soliton connects two topological zigzag edges with different chiralities. However, such a soliton does not display spin-charge separation. The existence of a soliton in finite-length polyacetylene can induce formation of fractional charges on the opposite ends. In contrast, for gapful graphene nanoribbons, the antiferromagnetic coupling between the opposite zigzag edges induces integer boundary charges. The presence of disorder in graphene nanoribbons partly mitigates antiferromagnetic coupling effect. Hence, the average edge charge of gap states with energies within a small interval is e/2, with significant charge fluctuations. However, midgap states exhibit a well-defined charge fractionalization between the opposite zigzag edges in the weak-disorder regime. Numerous occupied soliton states in a disorder-free and doped zigzag graphene nanoribbon form a solitonic phase.
A NOVEL CIRCULAR POLARIZATION RFID READER ANTENNA WITH A MULTI-BENDING FEEDING STRIP FOR HANDHELD APPLICATIONS

This paper proposes a novel corner-fed Circular Polariza- tion (CP) reader antenna for handheld Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identiflcation (RFID) application. The CP mecha- nism is accomplished by a multi-bending feeding strip located at corner of a high dielectric constant (K = 60) ceramic substrate. By using the high dielectric substrate, the dimension of the proposed antenna can be efiectively reduced to 27 £ 27 £ 4mm 3 , which consists of a top radiat- ing patch, an antenna ground plane, a coupling multi-bending feeding strip, and a SMA connector for RF input. The top radiating patch is printed on the top surface of the ceramic substrate and the antenna ground plane is formed on the opposite side. The central frequency of resonant band can be easily controlled by adjusting the size of the top radiating patch. By optimizing the coupling feeding mechanism, not only impedance matching can be achieved for bandwidth operation in Taiwan's UHF RFID band, but also two orthogonal fleld components
Simulation of Green and Blue Water Impacts Caused by Climate Changes in the Apucaraninha River Watershed, Southern Brazil (Simulação dos Impactos da Água Verde e Azul Causados pelas Mudanças Climáticas na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Apucaraninha...)

Climate changes may generate significant impacts in hydrological cycle. It is important to recognize modifications in green water (water stored in soil and then consumed by vegetation) and blue water (water that flows in rivers, lakes, wetlands and shallow aquifers) availability in consequence of climate change modifications. In this context, mathematical modelling is used to simulate the effect of climate change scenarios in hydrological processes in watersheds. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the impacts of climate change in blue and green water in Apucaraninha River watershed (504km²), Southern Brazil, considering the climate scenario A2 (pessimistic about greenhouse gases emissions) and climate scenario B2 (optimistic about greenhouse gases emissions), developed by IPCC. SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was calibrated and validated using daily streamflow from 1987 to 2012. Climate scenarios A2 and B2 were used to simulate the hydrological conditions for the period 2071-2100. The model presented satisfactory fit compared to the observed data allowing the simulation of the current hydrological conditions, therefore permitting the simulation of future climate change impacts in green and blue water. We found that despite the increase in potential evapotranspiration of 19% and 12% for A2 and B2 scenario respectively, caused by the increase in temperature, the reduction in rainfall amount (19% for A2 and 23% for B2) induced to a reduction in actual evapotranspiration (16% for A2 and 33% for B2), which correspond to green water, and a reduction of 21% for A2 scenario and 14% for B2 scenario in blue water availability.
Seismically active subcrustal magma source of the Klyuchevskoy volcano in Kamchatka, Russia

Klyuchevskoy volcano in Kamchatka (Russia) is unique in the island arc systems of Earth in having nearly continuous seismic activity beneath it at depths in excess of 20 km. Seismograms from these deep earthquakes carry an unmistakable signature of their tectonic nature. We use P-to-S (compressional to shear) converted teleseismic waves to constrain the depth of the crust-mantle transition beneath Klyuchevskoy at ~25 km, and to delineate a deeper seismic boundary at ~50 km. Earthquakes directly beneath Klyuchevskoy have hypocentral depths of 25–35 km. S-P delays in records of these earthquakes are always larger than delay times of P-toS converted waves originating at the crust-mantle transition and traversing nearly identical paths. Thus, deep seismic activity under Klyuchevskoy is definitely beneath the crust-mantle transition. Compositions of the Klyuchevskoy parental melts (inferred from melt inclusions and the most primitive lava) interpreted using a barometer based on Si activity in melts saturated with orthopyroxene + olivine show that Klyuchevskoy parental melts form at pressures within the range of 13.9 (±2) kbar (at depths of 46 ± 7 km). Together, the estimates of melting depths, the locations of seismic velocity features, and the occurrence of tectonic earthquakes all point to the existence of a subcrustal volume beneath Klyuchevskoy volcano where processes of magma accumulation are vigorous enough to promote brittle failure in mantle rock.
Comparison of the Serum Metabolic Fingerprint of Different Exercise Modes in Men with and without Metabolic Syndrome

Exercise plays a beneficial role in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Metabolomics can provide new insights and facilitate the optimization of exercise prescription. This study aimed to investigate whether the response of the human serum metabolic fingerprint to exercise depends on exercise mode or the presence of MetS. Twenty-three sedentary men (nine with MetS and fourteen healthy) completed four trials: Resting, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CME), and resistance exercise (RE). Blood samples were collected pre-exercise, immediately after exercise, and 1 h post-exercise for targeted metabolomic analysis in serum by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Time exerted the strongest differentiating effect, followed by exercise mode. The largest changes from baseline were found in the immediate post-exercise samples. RE caused the strongest responses overall, followed by HIIE, while CME had minimal effect. Unlike previous results in urine, no valid model could separate the two groups in serum. Exercise exerted a beneficial effect on prominent serum biomarkers of metabolic risks, such as branched-chain amino acids, alanine, acetylcarnitine, choline, and betaine. These findings contribute to the ongoing research efforts to map the molecular responses to exercise and to optimize exercise guidelines for individuals at cardiometabolic risk.