Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of feeding dry distiller’s grains with solubles on ruminal metabolism, growth performance, and carcass traits of feedlot cattle

Three trials were conducted using dried distiller’s grains with solubles (DDGS) to evaluate effects on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, ruminal fermentation, and diet digestibility in cattle fed steam-flaked corn-based diets. In trial 1, crossbred yearling heifers were used in a finishing trial to evaluate interactions between corn-DDGS feeding levels and roughage source (alfalfa hay vs corn silage) in terms of impact on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Experimental diets were based on steam-flaked corn and contained 0% DDGS with 6% alfalfa hay (AH), 0% DDGS with 10% corn silage (CS), 25% DDGS with 6% AH, or 25% DDGS with 10% CS (DM basis). Results indicated no interaction between levels of DDGS and roughage source. Heifers fed DDGS as a partial replacement for steam-flaked corn had similar growth performance and carcass merit compared to heifers fed diets without DDGS. Corn silage and alfalfa hay were comparable roughages when a portion of steam-flaked corn was replaced with DDGS. The second trial was a companion metabolism study in which ruminal fermentation characteristics and diet digestibility were examined in 12 cannulated Holstein steers fed steam-flaked corn finishing diets with or without DDGS, using alfalfa hay or corn silage as roughage sources. Diets were similar to those fed in the performance study and consisted of steam-flaked corn with 0 or 25% DDGS (DM basis) and 6% AH or 10% CS (DM basis). Feeding DDGS decreased ruminal pH and ruminal ammonia concentrations, and digestion of DM and OM were less compared to diets without DDGS. The decrease in digestibility was largely attributable to poorer digestion of CP and, to a lesser extent, a reduction in starch digestion. The third study was designed to investigate effects of pH (5.0, 5.5, and 6.0) on in vitro fermentative activity by ruminal microorganisms from cattle adapted to a finishing diet containing 25% DDGS (DM basis). Higher pH led to greater dry matter disappearance in vitro (P < 0.01). DDGS can be an effective substitute for steam-flaked corn. Efforts to address low ruminal pH and low ruminal ammonia may prove beneficial for improving value of DDGS as cattle feed.
The Attitude of Vegetable Growers towards Mitigating the Adverse Effects of Agricultural Chemicals

India is the world's second-largest producer of vegetables next to China, but the annual loss of fresh vegetables on an average is about 12 per cent in India which is significantly affecting the agricultural economy. Thus, crop protection is very much essential to prevent losses and feed the growing population. Chemical crop protection in India began in the year 1947-48 with the introduction of Benzene Hexa Chloride (BHC). Today India is the fourth largest producer of pesticide in the world. But over the years pesticides are being used more indiscriminately and unscientifically which has led to a negative impact on humans, soil, water and the environment as a whole. Due to the unscientific pesticide application, the pests gradually develop resistance to the poison that normally Original Research Article Manunayaka et al.; AJAEES, 38(2): 37-43, 2020; Article no.AJAEES. 54257 38 kills them. Even with all these ill-effects, it is inevitable to use pesticides to grow the crops and therefore they can be called as a necessary evil. The present study was conducted in Kolar district of Karnataka state in India during 2018-19 to ascertain the attitude of vegetable growers towards mitigating the ill-effects of agricultural chemicals. The data was collected from 120 vegetable growers using a pretested interview schedule. It was found that more than half of the vegetable growers (52.50%) had highly favourable attitude towards mitigating the ill-effects of agricultural chemicals; sixty per cent of the vegetable growers were undecided whether to spray pesticides in the opposite direction of the wind or along the direction of the wind. The study facilitates the agriculture and horticulture departments to train farmers enabling them to safely use, handle and store the agricultural chemicals.
Deformation dynamics of an active compound particle in an imposed shear flow—a theoretical study

Active particles encapsulated in a droplet are called active compound particles. In addition to the activity induced fluid flows, these multiphase structures may experience imposed flows in the process of generating and manipulating them in microfluidic devices or in their natural habitats. Therefore, we investigate the deformation dynamics and stability of a drop encapsulating a model microswimmer, a spherical squirmer (shaker) concentrically placed in a drop, when subjected to an imposed shear flow. Using Lamb’s general solution, Stokes equations are solved to determine the flow field and consequently the shape of the droplet interface. Shear flow always deforms the drop and the flow induced by the active particle may enhance or impede this deformation based on its orientation. The extent of deformation also depends on (i) the size of the active particle and the droplet, (ii) the viscosity of the droplet fluid and the fluid in which it is dispersed, (iii) the orientation of the active particle, and (iv) the relative strength of activity and imposed shear. Finally we find that the presence of an imposed vorticity field has a stabilizing effect on the active compound particle as it rotates the encapsulated swimmer and the drop undergoes a time periodic deformation.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Penicillium sp. D1806 from Oryza sativa seeds and its phylogenetic implication

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of Penicillium sp. D1806 isolated from Oryza sativa seeds is reported on the basis of the Illumina sequencing data. Its circular mitogenome is 27,461 bp in length, containing 15 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 1 ORFs, 2 ribosomal RNA (rns and rnl) genes, and 24 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. The overall base composition is as follows: 36.2% A, 37.1% T(U), 11.8% C, 14.9% G, with a low GC content of 26.7%. Phylogenetic analysis shows that Penicillium sp. D1806 is clustered in the genus Penicillium of Aspergillaceae and forms a separate clade with strong statistical support. This study contributes to our understanding of systematics and evolutionary biology of the filamentous fungi in Aspergillaceae (Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota).
Accurate Modeling of the Capacitance of Through-Silicon Via Considering Minority Carrier Effects

The 3-D integration of integrated circuits based on through-silicon via (TSV) is a promising technology to achieve high-performance, multifunctional, and heterogeneous microsystem. The voltage-dependent and frequency-dependent TSV capacitances have a predominant impact on system performance. Accordingly, accurate electrical modeling of TSV capacitance is critical for system design. This article proposes an accurate small-signal analysis method capable of modeling the low-frequency and high-frequency TSV capacitances. The contribution of both fixed carriers and mobile carriers are considered in the model. Moreover, the minority carrier effects are incorporated to model the high-frequency capacitance accurately. The proposed model shows a good correlation with measurement and device-level simulation. Analysis and experiment demonstrate neglecting the minority carrier effects lead to huge inaccuracy of TSV capacitance, which can be up to 30.1% in the strong inversion region. Therefore, it is important to consider the minority carrier effects in the modeling of high-frequency TSV capacitance. In addition, the proposed model consumes small computational cost benefit from efficient iterative procedures.
Examining Teacher Characteristics, School Conditions, and Attrition Rates at the Intersection of School Choice and Rural Education

ABSTRACT While prior research has examined teachers in rural schools and teachers in charter schools, there has been little research into the intersection of rural and charter schools. Using nationally representative data, we examine the extent to which teacher characteristics, school characteristics, and teacher mobility vary based on the urbanicity of schools and whether the school is a public or charter school. We find that teachers in rural charter schools turn over at a significantly lower rate than teachers in urban charter schools and are significantly more likely to be young, novice teachers than their rural public school counterparts. We provide evidence that, in comparison with rural settings, it is important to consider urban and suburban context separately, particularly with respect to charter schools as urban charter teacher demographics and the schools in which they teach are substantially different than those of suburban charter teachers. Our work suggests research cannot ignore how teacher demographics, teacher qualifications, and the students they teach vary significantly given the context of the intersection of school choice and rural education.
The classroom relational environment and children’s early development in preschool

The present study considered the ways in which interactional quality in the classroom and teacher–child relationships independently and synergistically shaped the early academic, social-behavioral, and executive function outcomes of 1,498 preschoolers from low-income families from a large, culturally, and linguistically diverse county. The findings revealed that children who had closer and less conflictual relationships with their teachers demonstrated greater improvements in all domains of school readiness across the preschool year. Moreover, preschool attendees did not reap the maximum academic benefits from high quality classroom environments unless they also had high-quality individual relationships with their teachers. Implications for policy and practice are discussed. The current study provides unique insight into the ways in which interactional quality and relationships matter independently and synergistically for children's early learning and development by investigating both classroom-level teacher–child interactions and individual children's relationships with teachers in preschool. We explored two research questions: (a) To what extent do children's developmental gains (i.e., academic achievement, social-behavior, and executive function) in preschool vary as a function of the quality of teacher–child interactions, teacher–child closeness, and teacher–child conflict? (b) Do teacher–child closeness and conflict moderate the associations between the quality of teacher–child interactions and changes in children's learning and development? In addressing these research questions, our study addresses important gaps in knowledge regarding the ways in which individual children's relationships with their teacher and the classroom environment are associated with developmental gains across the pre-K year.
Antibody based plasma protein profiling

There is a need for a better differentiation of aggressive tumors in prostate cancer to design a tailored treatment for each patient, preferably by a minimally invasive analysis of blood samples. In a previous study, we discovered a decrease of plasma levels of carnosine dipeptidase 1 (CNDP1) in association with aggressive prostate cancer. Now this relation has been investigated and characterized further by generating several new antibodies for extended analysis of CNDP1 in plasma. Multi-antibody sandwich assays were developed and applied to 1,214 samples from two Swedish cohorts that confirmed decreased levels of CNDP1 in plasma for patients with advanced disease. Therein, CNDP1 assays revealed superior differentiation for tumor N stages than clinical tPSA. Further investigations can now elucidate mechanisms behind decreasing levels of CNDP1 in plasma and primary in regards to lymph node metastasis.
Brand app engagement: a theoretical model

Resumen Objetivo: El objetivo principal de este trabajo es proponer un modelo teorico que pueda ser util para medir los antecedentes y consecuencias del customer brand app engagement, de manera que las empresas que ya incursionaron o estan por comenzar a utilizar las aplicaciones moviles como canal de comunicacion con el cliente pueda establecer una estrategia adecuada al sector de la industria en el que se encuentra, al tipo de cliente dirigida y el producto o servicio ofrecido. Diseno / metodologia / enfoque: Es un trabajo meramente documental. Originalidad / valor: Una de las contribuciones teoricas de esta investigacion es un nuevo modelo conceptual para medir el customer engagement en un entorno movil especificamente enfocado a las aplicaciones moviles de marca, el cual es un tema emergente e innovador en mercadotecnia
Development of emergent literacy skills of a child with hearing loss: a longitudinal case study

ABSTRACT This longitudinal case study aimed to investigate the development of emergent literacy skills of a child with hearing loss was carried out in a research and application centre which provides full-time day education using an auditory-oral approach for children with hearing loss. The study focuses on a child with profound hearing loss who started kindergarten education at the age of 52 months. The data was collected in the second and third grade of kindergarten and the first term of primary first grade. Results indicate that group and individual experiences, based on the Whole Language Approach, support the development of code-related and oral language skills and that the child benefited from intense and systematic application of drills in accordance with his individual needs.
Analytical Assessment of the Effect of Thermal Interface Layer Voids on Temperature in Lid-Integral Microchannel Coldplate Cooling

In the thermal management of electronics, the voids in the thermal interface materials (TIMs), especially metal welding, are an important factor affecting the peak temperature of the chip. In this article, a model that can be used to describe the heat conduction of lid-integral microchannel coldplate cooling was proposed. According to the model, an analytical expression for calculating the peak temperature difference is derived based on the analysis of heat conduction characteristics. By comparison with the finite element method (FEM) simulation results and experimental results, the proposed model and analytical expression are proved to be simple, fast, and effective for microchannel coldplate cooling. The effects of material parameters, structural parameters, and void location were studied based on the analytical expression and FEM simulation. Increasing the thermal conductivity and thickness of the chip and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the heat sink or reducing the radius of the void can significantly reduce the peak temperature difference. The variation in chip size, void distance, and chip location does not necessarily affect the peak temperature difference. For the void distribution in the vertical direction of TIM, the temperature difference in through void and bottom void is larger than middle void and top void.
Associating divergent lncRNAs with target genes by integrating genome sequence, gene expression and chromatin accessibility data

Abstract Recent RNA knockdown experiments revealed that a dozen divergent long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) positively regulate the transcription of genes in cis. Here, to understand the regulatory mechanism of divergent lncRNAs, we proposed a computational model IRDL (Identify the Regulatory Divergent LncRNAs) to associate divergent lncRNAs with target genes. IRDL took advantage of the cross-tissue paired expression and chromatin accessibility data in ENCODE and a dozen experimentally validated divergent lncRNA target genes. IRDL integrated sequence similarity, co-expression and co-accessibility features, battled the scarcity of gold standard datasets with an increasingly learning framework and identified 446 and 977 divergent lncRNA-gene regulatory associations for mouse and human, respectively. We found that the identified divergent lncRNAs and target genes correlated well in expression and chromatin accessibility. The functional and pathway enrichment analysis suggests that divergent lncRNAs are strongly associated with developmental regulatory transcription factors. The predicted loop structure validation and canonical database search indicate a scaffold regulatory model for divergent lncRNAs. Furthermore, we computationally revealed the tissue/cell-specific regulatory associations considering the specificity of lncRNA. In conclusion, IRDL provides a way to understand the regulatory mechanism of divergent lncRNAs and hints at hundreds of tissue/cell-specific regulatory associations worthy for further biological validation.
Cell-cell interactions : a practical approach

Assays of cell adhesion, S. Hofman generation and characterization of function-blocking anti-cell adhesion molecule antibodies, Ann Acheson and Warren Gallin expression cloning - transient expression and rescue from mammalian cells, Alejandro Aroffo functional analysis of uvomorulin by site-directed mutagenesis and gene transfer into eukaryotic cells, Jorg Stappert and Rolf Kemler integrin mutagenesis, A. Reszka and A. Horwitz isolation of intercellular junctions, Elliot L. Hertzberg et al the "Xenopus" oocyte cell-cell channel assay for functional analysis of gap junction proteins, Gerhard Dahl patch-clamp analysis of gap junction currents, R.D. Veenstra and P.R. Brink biochemical approaches for analyzing "de novo" assembly of epithelial junctional components, Manijeh Pasdar biochemical methods for studying supramolecular complexes involving cell adhesion molecules, integral membrane proteins, and the cytoskeleton, W. James Nelson et al electrophysiological assessment of epithelia, Karl J. Karnaky, Jr compartmented culture analysis of nerve growth, Robert B. Campenot.
NOMA-Based D2D-Enabled Traffic Offloading for 5G and Beyond Networks Employing Licensed and Unlicensed Access

As the versatile applications emerge, traffic offloading is an urgent issue to improve the performance for the fifth generation (5G) and beyond networks. We focus on the scenario where a device is enabled to transmit to more than one device simultaneously. The device-to-device (D2D) enabled traffic offloading scheme is studied by employing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and unlicensed access technologies. Our target is to maximize the capacity of the D2D network by optimizing subchannel assignment and power control while guaranteeing the capacity of NOMA-based cellular links and the WiFi system. The formulated problem is a non-convex mixed integer programming problem, which is hard to solve within a rational time. The problem is decomposed into subchannel assignment and power control subproblems. A matching based licensed subchannel allocation algorithm and an unlicensed subchannel access mechanism are proposed. Furthermore, we propose a centralized power control algorithm and a distributed power control algorithm based on global and local information, respectively. Besides, the unlicensed resource management scheme based on Stackelberg game is proposed to achieve the near-optimal utility of both D2D links and the WiFi system. The simulations illustrate that the proposed scheme can increase the throughput of D2D networks efficiently compared with other works.
Electrophoretic deposition of spherical carbon nanoobjects—A comparison of different biocompatible surfaces

Spherical carbon nanomaterial coatings on the purified carbon fibres were obtained and characterized. The use of exactly the same conditions of electrophoretic deposition process made it possible to compare the impact of the initial carbon nanomaterial properties on the behaviour of various prepared surfaces. Obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, flat surface ζ -potential and water contact angle measurements. Additionally, cytotoxic tests were carried out to compare biocompatibility of coated carbon fibres. Presented results show the impact of the initial materials properties on the characteristics of the deposited coatings.
Multi-Objective Solar Power Conversion System With MGI Control for Grid Integration at Adverse Operating Conditions

This article presents a new control for the multi-functional operation of a grid-connected solar power conversion system (SPCS). It is a combination of several generalized integrals for grid synchronization as well as fundamental load current component extraction. This multiple generalized integral (MGI) control is designed to overcome the demerits of conventional integral controllers with inadequate operation at adverse grid conditions such as grid frequency variation, phase jumps, DC offsets, noise, harmonics and other waveform distortions. The control is designed to separate the load power accurately into two-parts, i.e. active fundamental part (AFP) and non-active fundamental part (NAFP). This control extracts the AFP of the load current even during the disturbed grid and unbalanced load conditions. According to the comparison with the load current AFP and the photovoltaic (PV) available power ($P_{pv}$), three operating modes are used such as bright mode, dim mode and dark mode. During the bright mode, the total load power is being supported by the system and the remaining power is injected to the grid, the load power is shared by the system and the grid during the dim mode, and the load current AFP is supported by the grid during the dark mode. In every mode of operation, the SPCS mitigates the total load demanding NFAP and thereby keeping the grid currents as sinusoidal and in-phase with the fundamental grid phase voltages and maintaining the IEEE-519 grid power quality standard. This system is modelled and the performance is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink platform, and simulated results are presented. A prototype of the system, is developed in the laboratory and test results at various operating conditions are reported for validation of the system.
Visualising Epistemological Perspectives

This study articulates the epistemological underpinnings of a web banner’s visual elements featured on the webpage of the research centre, Kindergarten Knowledge Centre for Systemic Research on Diversity and Sustainable Futures (KINDknow). Through interdisciplinary work within a diverse framework including dialogical, cultural, historical, systemic, anthropological and more-than-human epistemological approaches, the research team has consolidated a common sphere of member-identifying visual representations. This work tells the story of how the research team became ‘ocular’ in developing a web banner and establishing a new research centre. The aim of the narrative is to demonstrate how visual forms, elements, symbols and metaphors can be productive in research teamwork for articulating epistemological commonplaces and commonalities. The article shows the text and visual elements used. The video attached outlines one of the metaphors that served as a productive thinking tool in the process.