Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of retrotransposition improves health and extends lifespan of SIRT6 knockout mice

Mice deficient for SIRT6 exhibit a severely shortened lifespan, growth retardation, and highly elevated LINE1 (L1) activity. Here we report that SIRT6 deficient cells and tissues accumulate abundant cytoplasmic L1 cDNA which triggers massive type I interferon response via activation of cGAS. Remarkably, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which inhibit L1 retrotransposition, significantly improved health and lifespan of SIRT6 knockout mice and completely rescued type I interferon response. In tissue culture, inhibition of L1 with siRNA or NRTIs abrogated type I interferon response, in addition to a significant reduction of DNA damage markers. These results indicate that L1 activation contributes to the pathologies of SIRT6 knockout mice. Similarly, L1 transcription, cytoplasmic cDNA copy number and type I interferons were elevated in the wild type aged mice. As sterile inflammation is a hallmark of aging we propose that modulating L1 activity may be an important strategy for attenuating age-related pathologies. Highlights SIRT6 KO mice accumulate L1 cDNA triggering type I interferon response via cGAS pathway Wild type aged mice accumulate L1 cDNA and display type I interferon response Reverse transcriptase inhibitors rescue type I interferon response and DNA damage Reverse transcriptase inhibitors extend lifespan and improve health of SIRT6 KO mice
Study on Chicken Feather as Acoustical Absorptive Material

Green materials for building insulations, specifically for noise prevention applications are on demands and attract researchers to contribute. This research seeks utilization prospects of chicken feathers (CF) as alternative of noise absorption materials through understanding of its absorption coefficient characteristics for acoustical material applications. Common absorptive material glass wool (GW) is used in measurement as counterparts. Clean and dried CF is compacted in cylindrical mesh prior to measurement for absorption coefficient using impedance tube method in anechoic room. The typical specimen made to diameter 100 mm by 25, 50 and 75 mm thicknesses, all in similar density of 48kg/m3. Respond of specimen are taken within frequency range of 100 Hz - 1600 Hz for absorption coefficient measurements and averaging. Result shows that the absorption coefficients are relatively increase on all specimen thickness throughout the frequency ranges, reaching maximum value of 0.99 at frequencies 1600 Hz, 950 Hz, and 650 Hz for CF thickness 25, 50 and 75 mm, respectively. Both chicken feathers (CF) and glass wool (GW) response comparably during experiment frequency ranges, confirm the possibility of chicken feathers as acoustical absorptive material.
Oxytocin effects on brain and behavior are influenced by dose-frequency and receptor genotype: therapeutic implications

26 There is considerable interest in therapeutic application of intranasal oxytocin in 27 psychiatric disorders but while clinical trials typically use daily dosing protocols 28 it has not been established whether this is optimal or if there are moderating 29 influences of oxytocin receptor genotype. In a randomized, placebo-controlled 30 pre-registered trial on 138 adult male subjects we investigated effects of single 31 and repeated (24IU daily versus alternate days for 5 days) doses of oxytocin on 32 two neural biomarkers (attenuated amygdala fear reactivity and increased 33 intrinsic amygdala-prefrontal functional connectivity) and modulating effects of 34 oxytocin receptor polymorphisms rs53576 and rs2254298 strongly associated 35 with autism. Results confirmed that after a single dose, amygdala responses to 36 fear faces were reduced and its resting state connectivity with medial frontal 37 cortex increased. Suppression of amygdala responses to fear faces was restricted 38 to AA homozygotes of rs53576 and A+ carriers of rs2254298. Importantly, 39 amygdala responses to fear faces were absent after daily oxytocin treatment but 40 maintained after treatment every other day and included reduced ratings of 41 emotional intensity. In contrast, effects on intrinsic amygdala-prefrontal 42 coupling remained constant. Overall, results suggest infrequent rather than daily 43 doses of oxytocin may be more effective therapeutically and that its actions on 44 amygdala responses are strongly genotype-dependent. 45
Framing Urban Resilience: A policy and media analysis of three Canadian Cities

III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . V LIST OF TABLES . X LIST OF FIGURES . XI CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 BACKGROUND . 1 1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIVES . 3 1.3 THESIS STRUCTURE . 4 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW . 5 2.
Soy Isoflavone bioavailability - effects of probiotic and prebiotic consumption and oil supplementation

Epidemiological evidence suggests a beneficial effect of soy consumption in relation to cardiovascular disease and in 1999, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a health claim for the cholesterol-lowering effects of soy protein. However, this effect has not always been reproduced in subsequent soy dietary interventions, the results of which vary greatly. Soy beans are the richest dietary source of the isoflavones daidzein, genistein and glycitein, which have also been implicated with a role in lipid-lowering due to their antioxidant and estrogen receptor activities. After soy intake, there is large variability between individuals in isoflavone bioavailability. The isoflavones are present in soy as glycoside conjugates and after endogenous hydrolysis, the aglycones are absorbed, metabolised by liver and intestinal enzymes, distributed to tissues and excreted in urine. Endogenous isoflavone metabolites have been identified; of particular interest is the metabolism of daidzein to equol, as this has greater antioxidant and estrogen receptor activities than daidzein. Gut microflora is for can be dietary Differences in gut microflora may inter-individual variability in these processes, in turn may contribute to variation in the lipid effects of soy consumption. Recently there has much interest in the identification of dietary components that may enhance soy isoflavone bioavailability and it was the aim of this thesis to examine the effects of soy foods and other dietary components on soy isoflavone bioavailability and lipids. Four human studies were conducted and isoflavone bioavailability was determined based on plasma and urinary isoflavone levels. These samples were extracted with Helix Pomatia juice containing β -glucuronidases and sulphatases and the isoflavone aglycones were quantified by HPLC with electrochemical detection. bioavailability. A pilot study with nine females (7 Australian and 2 was conducted to determine the acute and chronic effects of resistant starch
Required Growing Degree-Days (GDDs) for each Phenological Stage of Fritillaria imperialis

Studying plant phenology is very important to regulate the rangeland utilization. Plant phenology can be determined by Growing Degree Days (GDDs). Since temperature varies yearly, the phenological stages may consequently differ yearly. Determining the base temperature is one of the key steps in the calculation of GDDs. The aim of this study was to calculate the required GDDs for each phenological stage to predict phenological stage of Fritillaria imperialis based on GDDs in the consequent years. To do so, Fritillaria bulbs were placed at constant temperatures of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4°C. The length of sprouts as a growth index was measured as a function of temperature. Plant chronology was recorded in three day intervals from March 1st, 2016 in the field and the date of each phenological stage was recorded in the form of an index developed by combining Fick and Haun indices. Then, 20 plant individuals were selected in Dasht-e-Laleh of Kouhrang County, Iran and their growth stages were recorded. Meanwhile, the required amount of accumulated GDDs (AGDDs) to reach each phenological stage was also calculated. Results showed that Fritillaria imperialis began the sprouting (phase E) after receiving 130.75 GDDs on March 23rd, 2016. The emergence of leaves began on 27th March with 166.30 GDDs and finished on 9th April. Finally, this plant on 9th May received 560 AGDDs and went to senescence. Based on the phenological data, when the plant received 240 AGDDs, flowering stage started. The most appropriate time for tourist entrance is in the R2 stage (flower opening) when the plant receives 298.8 AGDDs and the best exit time is when the plant receives 359.2 AGDDs. So, the relationship between phenological stages of the plant and GDDs will be useful in visiting the site in terms of ecotourism and determining proper visit times.
The Effect of a Probiotic Preparation Containing Bacillus subtilis PB6 in the Diet of Chickens on Redox and Biochemical Parameters in Their Blood

Abstract The aim of the study was to select a dosage and time of administration of a probiotic preparation containing live cultures of Bacillus subtilis and enriched with choline to obtain the most beneficial effect on the antioxidant and biochemical status of the blood of chickens and to improve their growth performance. A total of 980 one-day-old Ross 308 chickens (7 replications of 20 individuals each) reared until their 42nd day of life were used in the experiment. The chickens were divided into seven groups of 140 each. The control group did not receive any additives. The T1 groups received a probiotic in the amount of 0.05 g/L (T1-0.05), 0.1 g/l (T1-0.1) or 0.25 g/l (T1-0.25) throughout the rearing period, while the T2 groups received the same doses of the probiotic, but only during days 1–7, 15–21 and 29–35 of rearing. Administration of a preparation containing Bacillus subtilis bacteria was shown to increase the level of ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), vitamin C, and uric acid (UA), while reducing the level of peroxides (LOOH), malondialdehyde (MDA), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), the share of low-density fractions of cholesterol (LDL), and activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparagine aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and creatinine kinase (CK). An increase in the high-density fractions of cholesterol (HDL) and a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were noted as well. The results of the study indicate that 0.25 g/l of the probiotic, administered continuously (T1), clearly has the most beneficial effect in terms of enhancing antioxidant potential and reducing the level of stress indicators, without disturbing overall metabolism in the body. During the 42 days of rearing each chicken received 33.3 CFUx1011 Bacillus subtilis from the probiotic preparation. The body weight gain of chickens from T1-0.1, T1-0.2 and T2-0.25 groups was higher (P≤0.027) and more favourable compared to G–C group.
Characterization of the Cytochromes P450-Dependent Hepatic Microsomal Monooxygenase System of the American Alligator, Alligator Mississippiensis: Influence of Xenobiotic Chemicals.

Alligator mississippiensis contains all of the components of the hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase system. In general, basal and induced levels of P450 specific content, immunochemically detected abundance and examined activities are less than in mammals. In alligator at least two classes of P450s are inducible by xenobiotics: those induced by 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) and those induced by phenobarbital (PB). PB and 3MC induce multiple P450 isoforms as detected by western blot and enzymatic analyses. The induced level of alkoxyphenoxazone 0 dealkylation (AROD) was 10to 100-fold lower in alligator than in rat, with the exception of phenylbenzyloxyphenoxazone O-dealkylation. In contrast to mammals methoxyphenoxazone and benzyloxyphenoxazone exhibited the greatest ability of AROD substrates to discriminate between 3MCand PB-induced isoforms. Carbon monoxide binding, western blots, and enzymatic activity indicates that the PB and 3MC time-courses take at least 48-72 h to reach full induction, longer than found in mammals. In contrast to rat, aroclor and tetrachlorobiphenyl yielded faint induction in western blots and along with clofibrate exhibited only minor alterations in AROD activity. Clofibrate also failed to induce lauric acid hydroxylation, a CYP 4A activity. Classical inhibitors of P450 inhibited AROD activity of the expected P450 isoforms. While antibodies used across phylogenetic classes lost specificity they only crossreacted within a gene family. Western blot, enzymatic and N-terminal sequence analysis indicates that the purified PB-induced P450 is a CYP 2 family isoform. Whether alligator isoforms are transcriptionally regulated remains unanswered as northern blots were inconclusive. The contention that alligator CYP 1A isoforms are transcriptionally regulated is supported by the presence of Ah receptors. The markedly different responses to single and multiple xenobiotics, lower or absent activities, altered discrimination factors, loss of antibody specificity and slower rates of induction
Laboratory Investigations of Air-Sea Gas Transfer under a Wide Range of Water Surface Conditions

Transfer velocities of 5 sparingly soluble gases were measured in two different wind wave tanks at wind speeds between u10=1.2 m/s and 67 m/s. Two different gas analysis techniques were used, FT-IR and UV spectroscopy. Additionally, a method was developed that allows the parallel measurement of gas transfer velocity and the solubility. The fast ’controlled leakage’ method for the measurement of gas transfer velocities was found to be not precise enough to measure Schmidt number exponents and transfer velocities in the Aeolotron. Gas transfer velocities measured spanned more than 3 orders of magnitude, lying between 0.5 cm/h and 1100 cm/h. At lower wind speeds, measured in the Heidelberg Aeolotron, the change of the Schmidt number exponent from 2/3 for a smooth to 1/2 for a wavy water surface was confirmed. A surfactant, which inhibits wave growth, was used in 3 of the 7 experiments. For all surfactant conditions, the change of the Schmidt number exponent spanned a wide range of wind speeds with the mid-point at u10=4.5 m/s for a clean, and at 9 m/s for a surface film covered water surface. It was confirmed that the mean square slope is suitable for the description of the transition of the Schmidt number exponent. The facet model could not reproduce the measured transfer velocities. The transfer velocities measured were found to scale very poorly with the commonly used parameter wind speed u10. The correlation between the mean square slope of the water surface and the transfer velocities was found to be good, except at the lowest mean square slopes. In the Kyoto high speed wind-wave tank, the effect of strong wave breaking and bubble entrainment on the gas transfer velocity was studied. Gas transfer velocities were split up into a purely wave induced part and a part caused by bubbles and wave breaking. The measured gas transfer velocities were found to be up to 350% larger than expected from waves alone at the highest wind speed. Three empirical parameterizations were tested on the bubble induced part, two successfully.
EVALUATION OF GENOTOXICITY OF THREE FOOD PRESERVATIVES IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER USING SMART AND COMET ASSAYS

The continuously growing food and beverage industry relies on food additives as a main component in their products. Such increased reliance on processed food, lead to neglectance of the harmful effects of the food additives on human health; among these are hypersensitivity, allergic reactions, genotoxicity, mutagenicity and more. This study investigates genotoxic effects of three food preservatives commonly consumed in daily meals; sodium sulphite, boric acid, and benzoic acid using the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) and comet assay in Drosophila melanogaster system. All of the tested compounds showed significantly high levels of tumor induction and frequency compared to a negative control in SMART assay. They also showed high amount of DNA damage in the comet assay indicating their high potential of being genotoxic materials. This study evaluated the potential genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of three food additives commonly used in food industry using SMART test on Drosophila melanogaster system and comet assay. The obtained results clearly reveals the genotoxic potential of the tested food preservatives. Formation of tumors in Drosophila SMART assay is a strong indication for Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in somatic cells. The mechanism might involve mutation, chromosome loss recombination. Further studies to investigate mechanism of LOH. use of alternative small organisms as models in
Traffic accident prediction based on equal dimension and new information unbiased grey Markov model

The prediction of traffic accident is the basis of transportation safety,assessment and decision-making.Based on the traditional grey forecasting model and Markov chain theory,as well as the new information has priorities,equal dimension and new information unbiased grey Markov forecasting model is established.Combining the characteristics of grey prediction and Markov theory,the model imitates the development tendency of the forecast system with unbiased grey model,while Markov prediction is used to forecast the fluctuation along the tendency.The newest data are gradually added while the oldest one is removed from original data sequence.Then,the number of road traffic deaths from 2000 to 2010 is taken as original data to establish forecasting model predicting the deaths from 2011 to 2015.Experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of the equal dimensional and new information grey Markov forecasting model has fewer errors and better forecasting precision,especially for medium and long-term prediction.
Sequencing method using magnifying tags

The present invention provides a sequence of a portion of a target nucleic acid molecule by determining, as well as information regarding the location of the portion to a method of target nucleic acid molecules all or part of the sequence, in particular, the present invention provides a base comprising amplifying the one or more bases to facilitate the identification of new sequencing methods.
Speciation and periodic restricted environments. The case of genus Ononis L. (subsections Natrix and Viscosae)

Abstract The morpho–environmental similarity between subsections Natrix and Viscosae has been pointed out as the reason for the genetic complexity of these groups of taxa. Based on this characterization a question emerges: could a very recent ongoing evolutionary process explain that morpho–environmental similarity? ISSR and cpSSR amplifications for 45 specimens belonging to taxa of Natrix and Viscosae subsections were developed, along their biogeographic distribution areas. Twenty-nine haplotypes were detected in the biogeographic area of both subsections, 79% were exclusive haplotypes, but the rest is shared between subsections Natrix and Viscosae species. Could that haplotype sharing be the result of potential hybridization between these taxa? Do current environmental conditions restrict the gene flow among taxa? The combination of ancestral genetic polymorphism, introgression, coalescence processes and periodic restricted environments (PRE) by glacial–interglacial environmental dynamics were discussed to explain the relevant percentage of exclusive haplotypes detected, as well as the persistence of shared haplotypes. These results are in accordance with the morpho–environmental proximity previously described for both subsections.
Cvtolgenetic Effects of the Insecticide (Dralgo) and Herbicide (Fusilade) on the Cellular Characters of Vicia faba L.

Viciafaba L. plants were used to test the combined genotoxic effects of Fusilade (Herbicide) and Drago (Insecticide) and their interaction. Also, germination vigour, vegetative growth and biochemical parameters were used to test the combined physiological effects of two pesticides alone and in combination.To study the cytotoxic effects, the meristem cells in root tips of plant were treated with nine different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10000 ppm) at four different time (3, 6, 12, 24 hrs.). The concentrations of the two pesticides were tested on growth of seeds of ViciafabaL. compared with control where the mean root length of seeds was measured at different times between 24, 48 and 72hrs. Furthermore, after 72h, root degeneration occurred turning the root tips into black colour, which wasn't measurable. lethal concentration LC50% was decreased with the increase in time which caused an increase in percentage of mortality using Probit tables . All the above treatments of two pesticides alone and in combination have been shown to decrease the mitotic index . In the combined pesticides treatments, the decrease in (MI) wasn't like in the individual pesticide treatments which was less when compared with pesticides alone either herbicide or insecticide at the same concentration and duration. Increase the percentage of mutation frequency in each pesticide alone and the combined (Fus.-Dra.) after 6hrs of treatment whereas at the combined the relation was inversed when compared with control, indicating an antagonistic effect. Also, all treatments used have caused different kinds of mitotic abnormalities and chromosomal aberrations, which were generally as follow: C­ metaphase, chromosome disturbance, stickiness, breaks and fragments, laggard and bridges, multipolar and ring chromosome, micronuclei and binuclear cells. In addition the pesticides have been shown to decrease the protein and DNA and RNA contents below the control level.