Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Data modeling analysis on removal efficiency of hexavalent chromium

Chromium and its compounds are widely used in many industries in China and play a very important role in the national economy. At the same time, heavy metal chromium pollution poses a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, it's necessary to safely and effectively remove the chromium from pollutants. In practice, there are many factors which influence the removal efficiency of the chromium. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between multiple factors and the removal efficiency of the chromium till now. To this end, this paper uses the green synthetic iron nanoparticles to remove the chromium and investigates the impacts of multiple factors on the removal efficiency of the chromium. A novel model that maps multiple given factors to the removal efficiency of the chromium is proposed through the advanced machine learning methods, i.e., XGBoost and random forest (RF). Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can predict the removal efficiency of the chromium precisely with given influencing factors, which is very helpful for finding the optimal conditions for removing the chromium from pollutants.
School Success and Staff Development: The Role of Staff Development in Urban Desegregated Schools. Executive Summary.

A study was conducted to examine' the nature, role and. Lupact of staff development an urban desegregated school district.The study was a collaborative effort that involved arrangements with district personnel, participating schools, and community embers. ;' An attempt was made to determine the contribution made by stiff development to school success in the areas ofacalemic achievement, attendance, program completion, and.community support. Schools. for study were selected to represent various-degrees of success in suchtreas and.various degrees of staff development activity. Interviews were conducted wlth administrators and teachers, and observations were conducted in classrooms, staff development meetings, and -the general.school area. Staff development appeared to have thebest peospects when a norm of, collegiality and of continuous improvement existed in the school. Siccessful staff development programs were marked by community, evaluation, and collaboration between teachers a "d admirl_ttrators. (Author /APift
Battery condenser system particulate emission factors for cotton gins: Particle size distribution characteristics

This report is part of a project to characterize cotton gin emissions from the standpoint of total particulate stack sampling and particle size analyses. In 2006 and again in 2013, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a more stringent National Ambient Air Quality Standard for particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm (PM(2.5)). This created an urgent need to collect additional cotton gin emissions data to address current regulatory issues, because EPA AP-42 cotton gin PM(2.5) emission factors were limited. In addition, current EPA AP-42 emission factor quality ratings for cotton gin PM(10) (particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 10 µm) data are questionable, being extremely low. The objective of this study was to characterize particulate emissions for battery condenser systems from cotton gins across the cotton belt based on particle size distribution analysis of total particulate samples from EPA-approved stack sampling methods. Average measured PM(2.5), PM(6), and PM(10) emission factors based on the mass and particle size analyses of EPA Method 17 total particulate filter and wash samples from six gins (17 total test runs) were 0.00036 kg/227-kg bale (0.00078 lb/500-lb bale), 0.0042 kg/bale (0.0093 lb/bale), and 0.0078 kg/bale (0.017 lb/bale), respectively. The battery condenser system particle size distributions were characterized by an average mass median diameter of 24.5 µm (aerodynamic equivalent diameter). Based on system average emission factors, the ratio of PM(2.5) to total particulate was 1.11%, PM(6) to total particulate was 13.2%, and PM(10) to total particulate was 24.3%.
Modelling of infiltration using artificial intelligence techniques in semi-arid Iran

ABSTRACT Infiltration plays a fundamental role in streamflow, groundwater recharge, subsurface flow, and surface and subsurface water quality and quantity. In this study, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) models were used to determine cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate in arid areas in Iran. The input data were sand, clay, silt, density of soil and soil moisture, while the output data were cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate, the latter measured using a double-ring infiltrometer at 16 locations. The results show that SVM with radial basis kernel function better estimated cumulative infiltration (RMSE = 0.2791 cm) compared to the other models. Also, SVM with M4 radial basis kernel function better estimated the infiltration rate (RMSE = 0.0633 cm/h) than the ANFIS and RF models. Thus, SVM was found to be the most suitable model for modelling infiltration in the study area.
Vicariance and ecological dispersal in Papilio subgenus Achillides (Papilionidae) and some other butterflies of Asia and the Southwest Pacific

Author(s): Grehan, John R | Abstract: Biogeographic patterns are reviewed for four widespread Southeast Asia butterfly groups in the superfamily Papilionoidea: Papilio subgenus Achillides Hubner, 1819 (Papilionidae), the birdwing butterflies (Papilionidae tribe Troidini), Genus Polyura Billberg, 1820 (Nymphalidae), and Genus Vanessa Fabricius, 1807 (Nymphalidae). The patterns of allopatry and sympatry are shown to be consistent with the vicariance of widespread ancestors with distributions including parts of Asia and Australasia, followed by secondary range expansion. Aspects of the distributions that are correlated with tectonic structures provide evidence of the age and origin of these butterflies in South-east Asia and Australasia. The transpacific affinities of the Troidini are consistent with a Pacific ancestry linked with former Cretaceous landscapes. The multi-island ranges of many of the butterfly species in Southeast Asia represent examples of metapopulation structure in which groups survive and persist in a region over long periods of time, even where individual islands are ephemeral.
Dynamics and Thermodynamics of the Mean Transpolar Drift and Ice Thickness in the Arctic Ocean

A theory for the mean ice thickness and the Transpolar Drift in the Arctic Ocean is developed. Asymptotic expansions of the ice momentum and thickness equations are used to derive analytic expressions for the leading-order ice thickness and velocity fields subject to wind stress forcing and heat loss to the atmosphere. The theory is most appropriate for the eastern and central Arctic, but not for the region of the Beaufort Gyre subject to anticyclonic wind stress curl. The scale analysis reveals two distinct regimes: a thin ice regime in the eastern Arctic and a thick ice regime in the western Arctic. In the eastern Arctic, the ice drift is controlled by a balance between wind and ocean drag, while the ice thickness is controlled by heat loss to the atmosphere. In contrast, in the western Arctic, the ice thickness is determined by a balance between wind and internal ice stress, while the drift is indirectly controlled by heat loss to the atmosphere. The southward flow toward Fram Strait is forced by the across-wind gradient in ice thickness. The basic predictions for ice thickness, heat loss, ice volume, and ice export from the theory compare well with an idealized, coupled ocean–ice numerical model over a wide range of parameter space. The theory indicates that increasing atmospheric temperatures or wind speed result in a decrease in maximum ice thickness and ice volume. Increasing temperatures also result in a decrease in heat loss to the atmosphere and ice export through Fram Strait, while increasing winds drive increased heat loss and ice export.
Variations in quality parameters of forage and medium quality winter wheat varieties in storage

Our investigation aimed to find out the type and volume of certain qualitative and microbiological changes in various fodder winter wheat varieties and also their similarity to the changes of quality parameters in the storage of improving winter wheat varieties. Laboratory experiments on wheat samples included moisture and protein content, Hagberg’s falling number, wet gluten content, alveographic values, and microbiological tests. Th e examined winter wheat varieties (‘Magor’, ‘Hunor’, ‘Rona’ and ‘Kondor’) retained their moisture, protein content, and their Hagberg’s falling number aft er storage. A slight increase was observed in wet gluten content for all four winter wheat varieties aft er 129 days of storage. This result proved the theory of after-ripening, as gluten percentage improved both qualitatively and quantitatively. An approximate 10% increase in quantitative growth was observed for all four winter wheat varieties. We placed a special emphasis on measuring the alveographic W (10-4 J) values during storage. All four winter wheat varieties showed decreasing values of about 20-40%. Microbiological examinations on the four winter wheat varieties showed that mould, mould flora and total germ count remained balanced, with some slight variations, and that they did not change in terms of time under optimal storage conditions. The changes in the tendency, type, and volume of the five qualitative parameters in the studied four forage wheat varieties and poor baking quality winter wheat varieties during storage showed similarities as compared to that of earlier described and studied improving winter wheat varieties.
Seismic impedance inversion via L0 gradient minimisation

Impedance inversion performed on post-stack seismic data is one approach to reservoir prediction. Conventional post-stack seismic data inversion has two main stages. Stage one involves deconvolution to estimate reflectivities and stage two is estimation of the impedance section from these reflectivities. These two stages are ill-posed inverse problems due to the nature of seismic inversion. An alternative method has been proposed that combines the two stages to estimate seismic impedance directly. Because it is less sensitive to noise in the seismic data, the proposed method decreases the inherent ill-posedness of impedance inversion. To regularise this merged inverse problem, L0 gradient minimisation of impedance has been used. L0 gradient minimisation regularisation provides a blocky impedance solution that makes formation interfaces and geological edges more precise and keeps the inversion procedure robust even if random noise exists in the seismic data. A split-Bregman-like algorithm has been used to solve the L0 gradient minimisation problem. The results of numerical examples show that the proposed inversion method can generate more accurate impedance models compared with conventional methods. Finally, the proposed method is applied to real seismic data from east China to test its applicability in practice. The inversion results confirm that the proposed method is effective at inverting real seismic data.
What Works and Why?: Early Childhood Professionals' Perspectives on Effective Early Childhood Education and Care Services for Indigenous Families

INVESTMENT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD education and care (ECEC) programs is a cornerstone policy of the Australian Government directed towards increasing the educational opportunities and life chances made available to Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) children. Yet, ECEC programs are not always effective in supporting sustained attendance of Indigenous families. A site-case analysis of Mount Isa, Queensland was conducted to identify program features that engage and support attendance of Indigenous families. This first study reports the perspectives of early childhood professionals from across the entire range of group-based licensed (kindergarten and long day care) and non-licensed (playgroups, parent–child education) programs (n = 19). Early childhood professionals reported that Indigenous families preferred non-licensed over licensed programs. Reasons suggested for this choice were that non-licensed services provided integration with family supports, were responsive to family circumstance and had a stronger focus on relationship building. Implications for policy and service provision are discussed.
Sequestered plunging ranula: a case report and literature review

Ranula are swellings arising from the sublingual or submandibular salivary glands either due to mucus extravasation or the formation of mucus retention cysts. They are located on the floor of the mouth, generally have an insidious course and remain asymptomatic unless they grow very large or develop secondary complications. Occasionally, by dividing through cervical facial planes, they present as swellings in the neck, aptly called plunging ranulas. Plunging ranulas, therefore, have an intra-oral component and an extra-oral component; however rarely, the intra-oral component resolves leaving behind an isolated swelling in the neck, making the diagnosis a clinical challenge.
Studi Fasies Formasi Endapan Danau Untuk Menentukan Lingkungan Pengendapan Danau Limboto

The research area located in the lowland zone and the corrugated hilly zone which is dominated by sedimentary rocks. Therefore, this study aims to determine the geological features of the research area and the study of depositional environmental facies of the Lake Deposits Formation as an analysis of the depositional environment of Limboto Lake. The research method used is the surface geological mapping, measuring a section of stratigraphic and laboratory analysis. Field data consists of stratigraphical features of the research area. Laboratory analysis consists of petrography and stratigraphy-sedimentology analysis. It can be concluded facies and stratigraphy of research from older to youngest, consists of clastic limestones unit formed in Late Miocene-late Early Pliocene age, reef limestones formed in Late Miocene-early Late Pliocene age, sandstones unit formed in Late Pliocene-Pleistocene age, clay unit, and sandy clay unit are deposited in Holocene. Overall the study site consisted of marine, transitional and terrestrial deposition environment with Lake Deposits Formation facies is lake margin clastic deposits and meandering-stream environment deposits.
Older Learners Online. An Evaluation of Internet Courses for Isolated Older Persons.

Two pilot Internet courses for isolated older adults were developed by the University of the Third Age of the Australian Capital Territory (U3A ACT) in Canberra, Australia, and were offered to 29 older adults selected from a pool of 64 initial registrants from across Australia. Student and tutor input regarding the courses was collected from the following sources: precourse and postcourse questionnaires; telephone interviews during weeks 4 and 5 of the 8-week course; and telephone interviews and written reports from tutors, course and site designers, and administrators. Overwhelmingly, course participants and those involved in developing and delivering the courses believed that the courses provided meaningful experiences for the isolated older Australians enrolled in them, and they called for considerable expansion of the program. (Twenty-six figures are included. Appendixes constituting approximately 60% of this document contain the following: tabulated data; project coordinator's report; respondents' comments about their preferred communication method; advantages and disadvantages of Internet study; problems encountered; ways of improving the U3A ACT courses and Internet study process; comments from the phone survey; comments from two tutors; external review of the courses; University of Canberra reports; Internet course development guidelines and time line; and precourse and follow-up questionnaires.) (MN) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** Older Learners Online An evaluation of Internet courses for isolated older persons Th U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDU ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Richard Swindell and Ken Vassella Griffith University June 1999 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)
Fire patterns in piñon and juniper land cover types in the Semiarid Western United States from 1984 through 2013

Increases in area burned and fire size have been reported across a wide range of forest and shrubland types in the Western United States in recent decades, but little is known about potential changes in fire regimes of piñon and juniper land cover types. We evaluated spatio-temporal patterns of fire in piñon and juniper land cover types from the National Gap Analysis Program using Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS 2016) data (1984 through 2013) for Northern and Southern Intermountain and Central and Southern Rocky Mountain geographic regions. We examined differences in total area burned, fire rotation, fire size, fire number, and fire season among: (1) the four geographic regions; (2) the EPA level III ecoregions that occur within each geographic region; and (3) the piñon and juniper land cover types (woodlands, savannas, and shrublands) and other land cover types that occur within each geographic region and level III ecoregion. We found that area burned during the 30-year period, number of fires each year, and fire size followed a strong geographic pattern: Northern Intermountain > Southern Intermountain > Southern Rocky Mountain > Central Rocky Mountain. Area burned within piñon and juniper land cover types increased significantly during the 30-year period across the study area overall and for each geographic region, except the Southern Intermountain. Fire rotations were within reported historical ranges for sagebrush ecosystems and decreased over time. Also, fire number or fire size increased for the Southern Rocky Mountain and Southern Intermountain geographic regions. Across the study area, spatio-temporal patterns in fire regimes for piñon and juniper land cover types were similar to those for other land cover types. Careful monitoring of longer term trends in fire activity and the interacting effects of invasive annual grasses, bark beetles, and climate change is needed to access the dynamics of piñon and juniper land cover types and evaluate the efficacy of management treatments in piñon and juniper land cover types.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Measurement Error of Ground-based LiDAR

A study on factors influencing measurement error of Ground-based LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) system was conducted in Kimnyeong wind turbine test site on Jeju Island. Three properties of wind including inclined angle, turbulence intensity and power law exponent were taken into account as factors influencing the measurement error of Ground-based LiDAR. In order to calculate LiDAR measurements error, 2.5-month wind speed data collected from LiDAR (WindCube v2) were compared with concurrent data from the anemometer on a nearby 120m-high meteorological mast. In addition, data filtering was performed and its filtering criteria was based on the findings at previous researches. As a result, at 100m above ground level, absolute LiDAR error rate with absolute inclined angle showed 4.58~13.40% and 0.77 of the coefficients of determination, R2. That with turbulence intensity showed 3.58~23.94% and 0.93 of R2 while that with power law exponent showed 4.71~9.53% and 0.41 of R2. Therefore, it was confirmed that the LiDAR measurement error was highly affected by inclined angle and turbulence intensity, while that did not much depend on power law exponent.
Age Structure and Growth Characteristics of the Endemic Fish Oxynoemacheilus anatolicus (Nemacheilidae) in Düğer Creek, Mediterranean region of Turkey

The present study reports the age and growth properties of Burdur Loach, Oxynoemacheilus anatolicus Erk'akan, Ozeren & Nalbant, 2008 caught from the Duger Spring Creek (Burdur-Turkey) and is currently listed as an endangered species. 100 specimens of O. anatolicus, which ranged in size between 2.5 and 8.6 cm in total length, 0.14 and 5.90 g in total weight, were collected during the study period. Of all the O. anatolicus examined, 5 were immature, 50 were female, and 45 were male. The overall sex ratio in the populations matches the expected value of 1:1 in a normal population. The otolith readings indicated the presence of five age classes (I-V). Length–weight relationships were fitted by the equation W= 0.0082L3. 0402 (p<0.05) for both sexes combined and this indicated that growth was positive allometric. The condition factor values were calculated and ranged from 0.64 to 1.19. The obtained data was compared with available results from close species. This study provided first baseline data related to length-weight relationship, age, sex ratio and condition factor for O. anatolicus – a species whose populations have been threatened due to various ecological changes in its habitats, leading to increased concern and the need for conservation.
Students' and Counselors' Knowledge of Drugs and Their Effects.

A lthough there is considerable discusthe 600 questionnaires sent, 539 (89.9 sion in the literature of the importance percent) were returned. A total of 390 of drug education and the role of the questionnaires were sent to counselors school counselor in discussing the use located in comparable schools through of drugs with counselees (Aubrey 1973; out the state of Ohio. These queries Mossberg & Carr 1973), there is little resulted in responses from 241 coun data available on the knowledge that selors (61.8 percent), students and school counselors have The questionnaire used in this study about drugs and the attitudes these was a modification of an instrument groups hold toward drug users. The developed by the U.S. Office of Educa study reported here is an attempt to tion for use in evaluating the knowl begin to develop some hard data to edge and attitudes of participants in help close this gap in the literature. the National Drug Education Seminar Program. In general, the instrument
Degradation of Methylene Blue via Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Treatment

The degradation of methylene blue (MB) using an upgraded dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor was investigated in this paper. Air plasma was generated in the glass bead packed bed in the reactor, which was propagated into MB solution through a microporous diffuser plate. Microdischarge phenomenon can be observed on the interface of MB solution and the diffuser plate, where plasma active species were generated. The effects of air flow rate, initial solution concentration, initial solution pH, and initial solution conductivity on MB degradation were examined. Experimental results indicated that the proposed plasma reactor was effective for MB degradation. No obvious change in MB degradation efficiency was obtained for solution with various initial pH and conductivities, which suggested the potential of the reactor in actual wastewater treatment. The possible mechanism of the generation of plasma active species for MB degradation was proposed. In addition, the total organic carbon removal and chemical oxidation demand removal after 30 min treatment were 38.5% and 48.3%, which was higher than that obtained by ozone. The energy yield for MB degradation reached up to 9.3 g/kWh. Finally, a possible degradation pathway of MB solution was proposed.