Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Distance and Cultural Solidarity: Muslim Mothers and Nurturing Indonesian-Northern Irish Children

Living in a non-Muslim community can be highly challenging for those who follow Islam. The loneliness, daily challenges, psychological issues, and acculturation distress can be stumbling blocks to completing their religious practices while also teaching Islamic values to their children. Employing qualitative study with a focused ethnography approach, this study explores Indonesian Muslim mothers' lived experiences while educating their children about Islam in the midst of a non-Muslim community. We analyzed interview data using thematic analysis. Our results provide information for Muslims on the associated social distance and cultural solidarity of living in a non-Muslim community. Received: 2 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Antecedents of panic buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic

Article history: Received: November 20, 2020 Received in revised format: December 28 2020 Accepted: January 28, 2021 Available online: January 28, 2021 The new Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic triggers panic buying behavior among consumers in several countries. Previous research on panic buying behavior is less likely to look at the phenomenon from the perspective of consumers (demand-side). Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of media credibility and social contagion on panic buying behavior and the mediating effect of consumer anxiety in the relationship between media credibility, social contagion and panic buying behavior. Data was collected from young and adult consumers in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia using convenience sampling techniques. Three hundred and fifty responses were collected through an online survey. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation models that could simultaneously analyze the effects of variables in the complex model. The results indicate that media credibility does not have a significant effect on consumer anxiety and panic buying. On the other hand, social contagion has a direct and indirect influence on consumer anxiety. Likewise, consumer anxiety mediates the relationship between social contagion and panic buying behavior. The findings from this research can be used by manufacturers and retailers to maintain goods availability during the pandemic, and the government as a basis for economic decision making. This research also contributes to development of the academic literature related to consumer behavior during a pandemic. © 2021 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada
Experimental study of the effects of droplet number density on turbulence-driven polydisperse droplet size growth

Abstract Interaction of polydisperse droplets in a turbulent air flow features prominently in a wide range of phenomena, such as warm rain initiation as an example. In the current study, we present an experimental investigation on the effects of initial droplet field characteristics on the maximum droplet size growth. By performing experiments in a vertically oriented air flow facility, the air flow turbulence was able to be controlled through the mean flow velocity and an active turbulence generator. The initial droplet field characteristics (droplet diameter range of 0–120 $\mathrm {\mu }$m) were varied using spray nozzles of different flow numbers. Based on quantitative measurements of the droplet size distribution at various spatial locations using phase Doppler interferometry (PDI), we estimated the droplet size growth rate $R$ as a function of turbulence intensity $I$, initial droplet number density $\rho _N$ and initial mean droplet size $\bar {D}$. For each ($\rho _N$, $\bar {D}$), we observed the occurrence of an optimum turbulence intensity $I^*$, with the corresponding maximum droplet size growth rate being $R^*$. Two different trends were observed. When $\rho _N$ and $\bar {D}$ were simultaneously increased and decreased, respectively, their competing influences resulted in small variations in $R^*$. In contrast, when $\bar {D}$ was held constant with a corresponding Stokes number $St$ smaller than unity, there existed a threshold $\rho _N$ above which $R^*$ increased rapidly with $\rho _N$. These trends were then understood through long-distance microscopy (LDM) measurements. Beyond the aforementioned threshold $\rho _N$, the fraction of uncorrelated small-sized $(St<1)$ droplet pairs was found to rapidly increase with $\rho _N$. Further detailed analysis of droplet tracking in the LDM images identified that the velocity fluctuations in the small-sized droplet pairs being induced by close encounters with inertial droplets was the underlying mechanism for the rapid increase of $R^*$ with $\rho _N$. This mechanism potentially explains how droplet collisions can be enhanced in small droplets if the droplet field is sufficiently polydisperse.
Psychoanalysis of young children with autism spectrum disorders. An adaptation of technique in the approach to three cases

ABSTRACT At present, the therapeutic approach for young children with autism spectrum disorder is a major challenge for child psychoanalysis. These patients place us in a special clinical and metapsychological terrain with its own characteristics and call our technique into question. What tools do we have for working in situations where speech has not yet acquired a communicative value? How can we intervene when an experiential subject has still not been constituted? How can psychoanalysis benefit these patients? The purpose of this paper is to show an adaptation of technique in the treatment of three children who came to my practice between the ages of two and three with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. In this context, there were certain elements that in the affective proximity of the transference bond which encouraged the child's openness to representational world and a progressive psychic structuring and subjectivation. These elements were the analyst's active search for an encounter with the child, the non-verbal exchanges between analyst and patient, and the characteristics of the interpretations.
Loan Accessibility and Performance of Small Retail Enterprises; Does Size of an Enterprises Matter?

Small retail enterprises (SREs) play a significant role in the Kenyan economy. SREs role is immense as it helps to alleviate poverty and also in providing employment to nation. The small retail enterprises (SRE’s) have been having a number of challenges that has hindered their performance in terms of growth, revenue and profitability. Loan accessibility is one of the challenges that is being experienced by the small retail enterprises. The main objective of the study was to examine the effect of loan accessibility on the performance of the small retail enterprises in Keroka town. The study sought to establish whether the effect of the size of the enterprise affect the performance of small retail enterprises in Keroka town. The study was based on Finance and Growth Theory. The study adopted explanatory approach with the aim of establishing the relationship between size and performance of small retail enterprises. The target population was 800 small retail enterprises operating within Keroka town. The sample size of 267 small retail enterprises was selected using stratified random sample. The sample size was arrived at by using Yamane’s formula. Primary data was collected in the study for analysis. The study relied on a structured questionnaire as the main tool for data collection. To determine the validity of the questionnaire items, research experts were used to examine them and their suggestions and comments used as a basis to modify the research items. Cronbach alpha coefficient was used as a reliability test. A value of above 0.7 confirmed the reliability of the research instruments. The data obtained from the study was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The coefficient of determination R 2 value was 0.549, showing that 54.9 per cent of the performance of the small retail enterprises was predicted by loan accessibility. The results showed business size (β=0.111) had a significant influence on performance of the small retail enterprises. The study concluded that business size does significantly influence performance of the small retail enterprises. It was also concluded that the stability and continuity of the SREs was tied to its performance thus if the SRE was not performing well its stability and continuity was affected. Financial institutions need to be lenient on SREs that are experiencing turbulences due to various aspects that are beyond their control. Through such gestures these SREs are able to continue utilizing these facilities and also contribute to their longevity and expansion thus improved performance is experienced. 1.0 Introduction Small retail enterprise (SRE) is defined as small business entity that is privately owned and do provide goods and services in smaller quantities and orders for a large number of individuals who are the definite end users of the product or service (Farfan, 2018). ARTICLE INFO Received 19, February, 2021 Received in Revised Form 6 March, 2021 Accepted 14 March, 2021 Published online 15 March, 2021
The Simultaneous D -Addition of a Cation and an Anion onto an Isocyanide #

The MultiComponent Reactions (MCRs) of amines, carbonyl compounds, acids, and isocyanides begins with equilibria of the first three educts (the starting materials of chemical reactions) and intermediate products. Subsequently, the practically irreversible formation of D –adducts of the intermediate products and isocyanides are formed and rearrange into their final products. The D –adducts of the MCRs are collections of two component reactions, but under suitable conditions the D –adducts can also directly be formed from three components. The energy levels of the main intermediate products of the reaction are determined by quantum chemical methods. The HF/6–31G(d) and DFT with B3LYP/6–31G(d) calculations predict that the cations, anions and isocyanides directly form the �. –adduct.
Detecting Garbage Collection Duration Using Motion Sensors Mounted on Garbage Trucks Toward Smart Waste Management

—Solid waste collection is one of the fundamental services provided by local governments in support of our daily lives. In this paper, we describe a basic framework for estimating the amounts of solid waste and propose a method for detecting the time required for garbage collection with a view to realizing smart waste management. The proposed method recognizes garbage collection duration by using motion sensors mounted on a garbage truck. We also report a preliminary evaluation of the proposed method using actual motion sensor data.
Political reservations and women’s economic activity in India

Gender equality is important for economic development. In this paper, I will investigate the relationship between women's political reservation in local governance in India and women's economic activity within the labour market. I will also examine how a change in the proportion of reserved women from 33% to 50% impact women’s economic activity. I take advantage of the randomization that is implemented in the reform and use a Difference-in-Difference method to evaluate these questions. The results are mixed, when estimating the impact of a female chairperson, I find no significant results. Upon studying the number of times, a district had a female chairperson I find a fairly robust and significant positive effect from the reform on women's economic activity. However, I find no evidence that an increase in the quota from 33% to 50% on political reservation impacted women's labour force participation.
Improved freshwater macroinvertebrate detection from environmental DNA through minimized nontarget amplification

Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a new, promising, and non-invasive method to detect biodiversity in aquatic environments. So far, it has mainly been used to screen for fish and amphibian diversity and rarely to detect macroinvertebrates. Typically, DNA metabarcoding relies on PCR amplification of a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene with degenerate primers. In comparison to other genes like 16S, COI has a greater taxonomic resolution and availability of an extensive reference database. Benthic stream invertebrates are of critical importance for regulatory biomonitoring, but when using universal primers on eDNA isolated from water, the number of reads and OTUs is “watered down”. This means the target taxa, macroinvertebrates, are underrepresented in comparison to other nontarget taxa, e. g. algae, bacteria, and fungi. The aim of the project was to design an insect-specific primer, which minimizes nontarget amplification. Therefore, data from a time series of 15 months at the Kinzig (Hesse), a silica-rich low-mountain-range stream, which is part of the Rhine‑Main‑Observatory (LTER site) was generated using the universal primers BF2/BR2. With this data we identified the most abundant nontarget taxa and designed a new reverse primer (EPTDr2n) with 3’ ‐ specificity toward benthic invertebrate taxa. Primer specificity was validated in silico together with universal forward primer fwhF2 using available data from GenBank and BOLD. 20 eDNA samples from the Kinzig River and its tributaries were then used to test the new primer in situ together with primer fwhF2. The new primer combination showed a much higher amplification of benthic invertebrates, insects in particular, than two other universal primer pairs for both, number of target reads (fwhF2/EPTDr2n: 99.6% versus BF2/BR2: 25.89% and fwhF2/fwhR2n: 39.04%; Fig. 1) and number of target species (fwhF2/EPTDr2n: 305 versus BF2/BR2: 113 and fwhF2/fwhR2n: 185). Additionally, the number of benthic invertebrate species exceeded even the number of 153 species identified by expert taxonomists at nearby sites across two decades of sampling. While several taxa reported, like a few trichopteran genera, flatworms, and some crustaceans, were not found, the primer shows greatly improved results for eDNA metabarcoding of benthic invertebrates(Leese et al. 2021).
DEODORIZING MORINDA CITRIFOLIA (MENGKUDU) STRONG ODOR JUICE BY β-CYCLODEXTRIN-ORGANIC ACIDS INCLUSION

Morinda citrifolia (noni) which is locally known as mengkudu in Malaysia, is a small evergreen tree usually found growing in open coastal regions at sea level and in forest areas. It has been reported to have various therapeutic effects, including having anticancer activities, in clinical practices and laboratory animal models. However, consumers mostly avoid consuming mengkudu products due to mengkudu’s sensory properties such as a strong rancid-like odor that is released when the mengkudu fruit is fully ripe. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of β-cyclodextrin in deodorizing the unpleasant odors in mengkudu juice which are mainly caused by medium chain fatty acids such as hexanoic acid, octanoic acid and decanoic acid. Initially, the optimal molar ratio for the encapsulation of hexanoic, octanoic and decanoic acid by β-cyclodextrin was constructed as a model system prior to the encapsulation of the juice. The formation of inclusion complex between all acids and β-cyclodextrin was verified by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Next, four dry weight ratios of mengkudu juice to β–cyclodextrin (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2) were selected to determine the degree of the effectiveness of β-cyclodextrin in encapsulating unpleasant odors via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Based on the results, inclusion complex formation was confirmed by DSC through the disappearance of a melting point for pure acid, and shifting to a lower melting point from the pure β–cyclodextrin after the encapsulation process. Moreover, there were significant differences observed between hexanoic acid and octanoic acid content in the mengkudu juice before and after adding β-cyclodextrin ( p <0.05). On the other hand, the results obtained from GC-MS and sensory evaluation had contributed to an optimum entrapment of fatty acids at the optimal dry weight ratio of 1:0.5 (dry weight of mengkudu : β-cyclodextrin). Hence, the ability of β-cyclodextrin as a masking agent has been proven to be able to reduce the odor-based fatty acids in mengkudu juice.
CORRELATION OF TELOMERE LENGTH SHORTENING WITH SMOKING

Background: Telomeres are DNA sequences that can be found at the ends of chromosomes, and prevent them from being damaged, they show shortening every time with the cell division, and when it is below a minimal length, the cells interrupt their cell cycle. Cigarette smoke contains chemical compounds that contribute to the oxidative damage in cells. Method: subjects over 65 years old belonging to the INER ageing cohort, residents of Mexico City and asymptomatic respiratory patients were studied. A questionary was applied on demographic characteristics, smoking habits (active and passive), and the study groups were identified as active smoking (AS), passive smoking (PS) and non-exposed subjects (NE). Telomere length was measured in a serum sample using the quantitative method based on RT-PCR. Results: We compared clinical data and telomere length of 333 subjects, showing that non-exposed group are below the 10th percentile, with the smallest telomere size (NE 1.38 + 0.36 vs PS 1.50 + 0.40 and AS 1.41 +0.43). Conclusion: There is no evidence that telomere shortening have increased as a result of active or passive smoking. It is suggested that smoking is not the only one responsible for the presence of shorter telomeres.
Mechanisms of nitric oxide release from the vascular endothelium

This brief overview focuses on some of the different mechanisms that are responsible for the constitutive release of nitric oxide (NO) from the vascular endothelium. This constitutive release includes basal and agonist-stimulated NO release as well as that induced by physical stimuli such as shear stress or hypoxia, which seem to play a major role in the regulation of vascular tone and organ perfusion. The existence and nature of more stable NO-containing species such as dinitrosyl-Fe 2+ complexes and S-nitrosylated proteins are also discussed. (Circulartion 1993;87 [suppl V]:V-18-V-25)
Annotated MATLAB Translation of the Aguirregabiria and Mira ( 2007 ) Replication Code

This is an annotated MATLAB translation of the Monte Carlo source code for the experiments in Section 4 of Aguirregabiria and Mira (2007). The original source code1 was written in Gauss in by Victor Aguirregabiria. This is close to a direct translation of the original Gauss code to MATLAB, with annotations added, written by Jason Blevins and Minhae Kim. The complete source and results can be found at https: //jblevins.org/research/am_2007. This program solves, simulates, and estimates a discrete time dynamic discrete choice entry game among N = 5 heterogeneous firms. Many comments from the original source code are preserved below. This code is also the basis for the Monte Carlo experiments in Blevins and Kim (2019), which applies the NPL estimator to continuous-time dynamic discrete games.
Electronic transport in Si and Au monoatomic chains considering strongly correlation effect, a first principle study

We have investigated structure and electronic properties of Au and Si liner chains using the firstprinciples plane wave pseudopotential method. The transport properties and conductance of these two liner chains are studied using Landauer approaches based on density functional theory (DFT). We obtain density of states and band gap using Kohn-Sham and Wannier functions as well as quantum conductivity and current for Au and Si liner chains. We study the effect of Hubbard U on quantum conductivity and current for Au liner chain within DFT+U for strongly correlated systems. We compare the source of the states around Fermi level of these systems that have important role in conductivity. We present I-V characteristics of the Si and Au liner chain. Results show Ohmic behavior of current flow in the liner chains in terms of applied bias voltage. We show that Hubbard U correction removes the unphysical contribution of d electrons to the conductance of Au liner chain, resulting in a single transmission channel and a more realistic conductance of 1G0that is in good agreement with experimental results. Our calculations reveal that monatomic chains of Si and Au are metallic therefore they can be used as connectors between nanoelectronic devices.
Design and development of a low-cost laser range sensor

ABSTRACT Active 3D vision is concerned with extracting 3D information from the visible surfaces of the scene. With the use of recent technological advances made in electronics, photonics and computer vision, it is now possible to develop a reliable, high-resolution and accurate 3D active range sensor. In this paper, first we present the development of Laser range sensor using only consumer-grade technologies to ensure affordable hardware cost and high angular resolution. In the designed Laser range sensor, a diode Laser projects the Laser line on the surface through a cylindrical lens while the camera captures the Laser line profile. Next, a new calibration technique of the range sensor is presented to acquire the range information based on relative pose between the Laser and the camera by taking single view of the scene. Experiments are carried out on real scene and efficient 3D reconstructed model of the objects has been obtained.
Assessing the rice straw effects on the soil erosion rate in forest road cut slope embankments

Applying rice straw as mulch blanket on recently-established embankment is one way to reduce the environmental impact of sediment yields from forest roads embankments. Effectiveness of straw, however, is often unknown and it is unclear how the rate of application should vary with factors such as slope. In this study, the effects of the percentage of straw cover and slope gradient in the embankment of forest roads on the runoff volume and soil erosion were studied using rainfall simulator in plots of 1 m × 1 m dimension. Straw effects were quantified in four treatments of rice straw cover (0%, 30%, 60% and 90%), three treatments of slopes (0-15%, 16-30%, and 30-45%), with three replications in each giving a total of 36 experimental plots. Runoff and sediment from each plot were recorded every two minutes during the simulated rainfall of 65 mm/h intensity for 16 minutes. The 16-min simulations divided into eight simulation periods. The results showed that an increase in straw cover (based on length and amount) resulted in an impressive decrease in the runoff volume and soil erosion. Moreover, investigating the effect of slopes indicated that the runoff volume was significantly different between 0-15% and 15-30% slope classes. In terms of sediment concentration (g mL-1) and sediment (g), there were significant differences between the study slopes (various slopes and covers). The results showed that rice straw can decrease soil erosion up to 90% in road embankments and the rice straw with the length of 5 cm was the most economical choice to protect soil from erosions.