Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fracture toughness of high performance concrete subjected to elevated temperatures - Part 2 The effects of heating rate, exposure time and cooling rate

In this study, the fracture toughness KIC of high performance concrete (HPC) was investigated by conducting three-point bending tests on a total of 240 notched beams of 500 mm100 mm100 mm subjected to heating temperatures up to 450oC with exposure times up to 16 hours and various heating and cooling rates. For a heating rate of 3oC/min, KIC for the hot concrete sustained a monotonic decrease trend with the increasing heating temperature and exposure time, from 1.389 MN/m at room temperature to 0.942 MN/m at 450oC for 4-hour exposure time, 0.906 MN/m for 8-hour exposure time and 0.866 MN/m for 16-hour exposure time. For the cold concrete, KIC sustained a two-stage decrease trend, dropping slowly with the heating temperature up to 150oC and then rapidly down to 0.869 MN/m at 450oC for 4-hour exposure time, 0.812 MN/m for 8-hour exposure time and 0.771 MN/m for 16-hour exposure time. In general, the KIC values for the hot concrete up to 200oC were larger than those for the cold concrete, and an inverse trend was observed thereafter. The increase in heating rate slightly decreased KIC, and at 450oC KIC decreased from 0.893 MN/m for 1oC/min to 0.839 MN/m for 10oC/min for the hot concrete and from 0.792 MN/m for 1oC/min to 0.743 MN/m for 10oC/min for the cold concrete after an exposure time of 16 hours. The increase in cooling rate also slightly decreased KIC, and at 450oC KIC decreased from 0.771 MN/m for slow cooling to 0.739 MN/m for fast cooling after an exposure time of 16 hours. The fracture energy-based fracture toughness KIC' was also assessed, and similar decrease trends with the heating temperature and exposure time existed for both hot and cold concretes. The relationships of two fracture toughness parameters with the weight loss and the modulus of rapture were also evaluated.
Case Report: Wilm's Tumor

NNT is a 4 years old boy, a second born in the family of three. He stays with both parents and brothers in Haiphong, Vietnam. NNT’s pregnancy was unplanned and he was delivered through caesarian section. He was never admitted in neonatal intensive care unit and has no history of neonatal sepsis or jaundice. NNT was breastfed for one year and his developmental milestones are appropriate for age, and immunizations are up to date.
Community Medicine Education Reform throughout 2006/2013: Needs for Reactivating the Reform

Throughout the period 2007-2013, Cairo University Faculty of Medicine-Community Medicine Department (CU-FOM-CMD) devoted efforts to capitalize on the successful EDUCATION reform model implemented in 2006/2007. Objectives were to explore the medical students' and staff perspectives towards CU-CMEC in two academic years 2006/2007 and 2011/2012. The study was a health system (evaluation) design. Data were quantitative from a 523 students of year 2011/2012 and qualitative from community medicine department (CMD) staff members. Results: The reported satisfaction by the 2012 versus 2007 students was as follows: general satisfaction was 52% versus 69% (p= 0.00), satisfaction from generic skills was reported by 61% versus 83%, from technical skills was reported by 54% versus 64%, and from creative activities was reported by 41% versus 59%. CMD staff members affirmed that, the reform persisted for seven years due to continuous role of the critical mass of staff members. Conclusion: focusing on students’ autonomy, learning-service and hands-on training, could boost the CMER and respond to the changing students’ expectation and community needs over time.
Direction Re(forming): Teachers' Accounts of Leadership Processes in Secondary School Subject Departments

ii Table of contents . iii Attestation of authorship . v Acknowledgements . vi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 Personal professional experience of direction forming . 1 Leadership studies: a backdrop for educational leadership . 4 Rationale and design of the study . 7 Research context . 9 Structure of thesis . 11 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 14 Literature review methodology . 14 Leadership: expectations, constructs, structures, role of context . 15 Group processes of leadership . 21 Role of interactions in forming direction . 25 Professional dialogue and collaboration for problem-solving . 27 Direction forming in New Zealand secondary schools . 29 Teacher agency . 31 Summary . 33 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY AND METHODS . 34 Theoretical orientation and conceptual framework . 34 Enlisting participants . 37 Ethical considerations . 39 Semi-structured interviews . 42 Analysing data . 44 Summary . 45 CHAPTER FOUR: FINDINGS . 46 Introducing participants . 46 Interview outline: Max . 47 Interview outline: Ann . 51 Interview outline: Peta . 54 Interview outline: Lyn . 61 Interview outline: Jess . 65 Overview of the initial findings . 68 Summary . 70 CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION . 71 Establishing the analysis framework . 71 Spontaneous, professional interactions . 71 Leader generated processes . 74 iv Role of existing structures in promoting collaboration . 77 Perceived barriers to direction forming . 78 Strategies to overcome perceived barriers . 80 Interface of organisational structures and socio-cultural factors . 81 Summary . 88 CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION . 89 Rationale and aims of research study . 89 Course of action to address research aims . 90 Main findings . 91 Strengths and limitations of the study . 93 Implications for future practice . 95 Recommendations . 96 Summary . 98 References . 100 Appendices . 109 Appendix A: Participant Information Sheet . 109 Appendix B: Participant Consent Form . 112 Appendix C: Principal Consent Letter . 116 Appendix D: Invitation to Principal . 118 Appendix E: Indicative Questions for semi-structured interviews . 119 Appendix F: Confidentiality agreement (Transcriber) . 120 Appendix G: Organising data . 122 Appendix H: Unpacking responses that address research questions . 125 Appendix I: Sample colour-coding of interview transcript . 130 Appendix J: Checking the trustworthiness of data . 132 Tables and Figures Table 4.1: Summary of Max’s key points . 51 Table 4.2: Summary of Ann's key points . 54 Table 4.3: Summary of Peta's key points . 60 Table 4.4: Summary of Lyn's main points . 65 Table 4.5: Summary of Jess' main points . 68 Figure 4.1 Overview of initial findings. 69
Misguided Self-Presentation: The Ironic Consequences of Humblebragging, Backhanded Compliments and Namedropping

The ability to present oneself effectively to others is one of the most essential skills in social and organizational life. In this research, I identify unexamined yet ubiquitous selfpresentation strategies—humblebragging, backhanded compliments and namedropping— that people use in an effort to manage the delicate balancing act of self-presentation. Using datasets from social media and diary studies, I document the ubiquity of these strategies in real life across several domains. In laboratory and field experiments, I simultaneously examine the underlying motives for these self-presentation strategies and others’ perceptions of these strategies—allowing for an analysis of their efficacy—as assessed by the opinions targets hold of the would-be self-presenter. I provide evidence from both lab and field to show that humblebragging, backhanded compliments and namedropping backfire, because they are seen as insincere and as reflective of a concern with one’s self-image.
Partial replacement of synthetic fibres by natural fibres in hybrid composites and its effect on monotonic properties

Owing to the high cost of carbon fibres and a necessity for finding alternatives that environmentally friendly, a portion of carbon fibres was substituted by woven jute fibre, with various stacking sequences for military applications. Hot press was used to fabricate the composite and hybrid samples of jute/carbon fibres reinforced polyvinyl butyral film using as a layer. Dynamic mechanical experiments (DMA) were conducted with more focus on the stacking sequences of jute and carbon, with increasing temperature. Results showed that the carbon/jute/carbon (H1) hybrid has the highest storage modulus and loss modulus values compared with other hybrids. Significantly, placing woven jute fibre at the outer layers and carbon fibres at the inner layers provided lower dynamic mechanical properties than that of the hybrids with placing jute at the inner layers. Besides, the damping factor shifts to higher temperatures by hybridization of jute fibres compared with carbon composite. Additionally, glass transition temperature (Tg) obtained from the damping curve and loss modulus exhibits a temperature between 129 and 180℃ for all composites, in withstanding dynamic loads. The dynamic mechanical properties were observed to be decreased with increasing temperature for all laminated composites. From results, it could be deduced that it is possible to reduce amount of carbon fibres in different composites industries with woven jute, thus providing less both cost and harmful environment.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA ON PARACETAMOL INDUCED LIVER TOXICITY IN RATS

Petroleum ether extract of root of Plumbago zeylanica was investigated for hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol induced liver damage. Various biochemical parameters were studied to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract. In serum total bilirubin, total protein, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, γ‐Glutamyl transferase, Total Cholesterol and serum triglycerides were determined to assess the effect of the extract on the paracetamol induced hepatic damage. The study was also supported by histopathology of liver sections. Results of this study revealed that the markers in the animals treated with paracetamol recorded elevated concentration indicating severe hepatic damage by paracetamol, whereas the blood samples from the animals treated with petroleum ether extract of roots showed significant reduction in the serum markers indicating the effect of the plant extract in restoring the normal functional ability of the hepatocytes. The dosage of extract of plant roots used was 300 mg/kg bodyweight of rat. The present study reveals that the petroleum ether root extract of Plumbago zeylanica could afford a significant protection against paracetamol‐induced hepatocellular injury.
Numerical investigation of flow and heat transfer in a channel with different configurations and alternately order obstacles

In the present study, a numerical investigation has been made to predict the laminar flow and heat transfer through a rectangular channel with adiabatic, different configuration obstacles which are arranged alternately on the upper and lower walls of the channel. These walls are subjected to a constant heat flux 500 W/m2. The effect of obstacles number, and obstacles shape on the flow and heat transfer characteristics with different Reynolds number (100,200,300,400,500,600and 700) have been studied. The continuity, momentum, and energy governing equations are solved by the finite volume method. The results of this study reveal that the obstacles have an obvious effect on parameters of the flow and heat transfer enhancement. The heat transfer is improved more as the obstacle's number increase. Further that, using rectangular obstacle leads to increase heat transfer rate higher than the rest of shapes for all Reynolds number tested.
Influence of Thickness of Air Gap on Concrete Curing in Formwork with Transparent Cover

Heat treatment of concrete is used to speed up its curing. Therefore, this process allows getting complete product in a short time and it is used at the plants for manufacturing of concrete elements. Fossil fuels are used for this purpose. An important task for engineers and scientists is to reduce costs of the manufacturing and make it ecological by introducing energy-saving technologies and renewable energy resources. The employment of solar energy for heat treatment is one of the ways to settle the problem. However, the efficiency of such engineering solution depends on type and construction of the solar energy equipment. The formwork, equipped by transparent cover, is chosen as the object of research. The research work is devoted to determination of optimal thickness of air gap between concrete element and transparent cover of the formwork. The results and methodology, as well as the information about materials and boundary conditions of the experiments are given in the research work. The obtained results allow increasing efficiency of employment of solar energy for manufacturing of concrete elements at the plants.
Measurement method of axial ratio using only the reflection coefficient of waveguide circular polarizer

A circularly polarized feed circuit in a primary radiator of a reflector antenna is often required to have a low axial ratio. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately evaluate the axial ratio. The leftand right-handed circular polarized components are numerically obtained from the complex coefficients measured for dual linear polarized waves. The transmission phase measurement is difficult to measure accurately, particularly at high frequencies such as Ka band. Authors proposed a method to measure the axial ratio of the circular polarization feeding circuit from the reflection coefficient only, and the proposed method has been validated by the numerical simulation.
Morphology, Structure, and Properties of Conductive Polylactide Fibers Prepared Using Polyvinyl Acetate and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Two kinds of conductive polylactide fibers—polylactide pre-oriented yarns (PLA-POY) and PLA-drawn textured yarns (PLA-DTY) are prepared by coating method using ethyl acetate as solvent, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as conductive filler, and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) as dispersing agent and coating agent. The PLA fibers are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), resistance meter, and tensile test. The results show that PLA-POY and PLA-DTY have been coated successfully by PVAc and MWCNTs. After PLA-POY fibers are treated by ethyl acetate, the highly porous structures form because of swelling and the subsequent solvent-induced crystallization of PLA-POY fibers with low crystallinity. This causes the tensile force to decrease. However, PVAc can improve the tensile force of the treated PLA-POY fibers. For PLA-DTY fibers, the effect of ethyl acetate on surface morphology is small. Therefore, the treated PLA-DTY fibers own higher tensile properties than original PLA-DTY fibers due to the existence of PVAc. With the increase of PVAc and MWCNTs, the conductive properties of the PLA fibers will increase. The electrical conductivity of PLA-POY and PLA-DTY fibers can reach 0.53 and 0.13 µs/cm, respectively.
Numerical stability of co-simulation approaches to evaluate wheel profile evolution due to wear

ABSTRACT Wear simulation for railway wheel profiles is a complex problem which requires dynamics simulation of the vehicle on a long track and detailed analyses of the contact forces, which have to adopt non-linear methods to simulate the material behaviour. Since the dynamics of the vehicle and the behaviour of the material evolve differently, it is possible to use different codes to solve the problems. Furthermore, when thousands of kilometres are needed to produce wear, the profile wear is usually virtually amplified using wear multipliers to reduce computing time. This process can produce numerical instability if the multipliers and profile update intervals are not chosen appropriately. In this paper, the Simpack multibody code is used to simulate vehicle dynamics and to calculate the wear removed on a reference track, then the MATLAB code is used to smooth the profile and define the update intervals.
Non-dissipative battery charge equalizer

The battery charger 10 is recharging the reusable battery The charger includes a voltage source and, lossless shunt configuration in order to be produced in order to charge the battery a predetermined number. Charger 10 may be current limited voltage source, which is controlled by the state of charge of the battery voltage or to be recharged. Lossless shunt pair of transistors for each pair of batteries (Q Same, controlling each of the transistors opposite to the two phases (Φ1 and Φ2) an oscillator (14 and 204), the first phase the charge for a predetermined supplying a charge to the battery and a second phase during which the so equalized between batteries pairs It is used to. Equalization is continued until one not overcharge the battery reaches full charge before the two batteries.
Deposition of copper depending on the spraying characteristics of winter oilseed rape

„Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering” 2018, Vol. 63(1) 13 Katarzyna DEREŃ, Antoni SZEWCZYK, Deta ŁUCZYCKA, Beata CIENIAWSKA Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, The Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, ul. Chełmońskiego 37A, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland e-mail: katarzynaderen@gmail.com Received: 2017-11-22 ; Accepted: 2018-02-07
Shape Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization of Skeletal Structures and Geometrically Nonlinear Solids

SHAPE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF SKELETAL STRUCTURES AND GEOMETRICALLY NONLINEAR SOLIDS Ching-Hung Chuang Old Dominion University, 1992 Director: Dr. Gene J. W. Hou Formulations and computational schemes for shape design sensitivity analysis and optimization have been developed for both skeletal structures and geometrically nonlinear elastic solids. The continuum approach, which is based on the weak variational form of the governing differential equation and the concept of the material derivative, plays a central role in such a development In the first part of this work, the eigenvalue and eigenvector sensitivity equations for skeletal structures are derived with respect to configuration variables of joint and support locations. This derivation is done by the domain method as well as the boundary method. The discrete approach for the eigenvalue and eigenvector sensitivity analysis is also presented for the purpose of numerical comparison. The resultant sensitivity equations are first validated by a cantilever beam for eigenvalue sensitivity analysis and a simplysupported beam for eigenvector sensitivity analysis. The analytical solutions can be easily obtained for both examples. Moreover, the investigation of numerical accuracy and computational efficiency of these sensitivity equations is done with examples of several skeletal structures. The results show that the domain method has an advantage to be both computationally accurate and efficient. Finally, a design optimization of a vibrating beam is presented to investigate the effects of including the support locations and the support Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. stiffness constants as design variables on the design. It is concluded that the support locations and the support stiffness constants are important to improve the quality of design. The second part of this thesis explores the possibility using the Eulerian formulation as the foundation for shape sensitivity analysis and optimization of a new class of design problems in which the performance criteria are defined in the deformed configuration of a geometrically nonlinear elastic solid. The displacement and rotation of this nonlinear elastic solid are assumed to be large while its strain is assumed to be small. Shape sensitivity equations are derived based upon the Eulerian formulation as well as the total Lagrangian formulation for a general functional. A prismatic bar is evaluated analytically to validate these sensitivity equations. A design optimization scheme is then established which uses the Eulerian formulation for analysis as well as sensitivity analysis, to design the shape of a uniformly loaded beam to minimize the area subjected to geometric and stress constraints. The results show that the proposed sensitivity equations and the design scheme work well for this example. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Solvent Evaporation as an Efficient Microencapsulating Technique for Taste Masking in Fast Disintegrating Oral Tablets

Microencapsulation is an extensively used technology of present era, that has been applied to various fields like pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, cosmetics and food technology. With the help of which liquid or solid material can be encapsulated inside a polymeric coating film for various reasons such as taste masking, control release and enhancing stability and etc. Microencapsulation can be achieved with different approaches and methods but one of the popular and frequently used feasible method is Solvent evaporation. Solvent evaporation is based on emulsification, solvent evaporation and extraction of microspheres, recently many variations have been made in this technology to improve the yield and properties of microspheres. Solvent evaporation has been widely used in microencapsulating for different purposes one of which is taste masking of bitter drugs in fast disintegrating oral tablets, for pediatric and geriatric use. FDTs are center of attraction due to their merits and feasibility of use for people with problem of dysphagia at the same time, it can also improve bioavailability and time of action of drugs. The main focus of current review is use of solvent evaporation technique for taste masking of bitter drugs in production of fast disintegrating oral tablets. In this review, we will summarize uses, novelties and variations in Solvent Evaporation technique, preparation technique, materials used, merits and demerits of this method over other microencapsulation method in taste masking.Keywords: Microencapsulation, Solvent Evaporation, FDTs, extraction, microspheres
Struvite precipitation modelling using extended quadrature method of moments and drift-flux model

The primary fertilisers used in the agricultural industry are phosphorus based. The production of phosphorus is mainly based on the mining operations, however it is a current consensus that in 50 − 100 years time the quality and the availability of phosphorus ores will decrease substantially and the deposits will be either completely depleted or the quality of the obtainable phosphorus will be too toxic to be used in the agriculture. Taking into account the current population growth trends the food production will have to be increased even more and therefore the global food shortage is an event of high potential. To address that alternative sources of phosphorus based fertilisers must be found and numerous technological research have been taking place to limit the impact that phosphorus shortage might cause in the future. The aim of this study is to present a potential technology that could be used for phosphorus recovery. It is known that there is a significant amount of phosphorus in the wastewater therefore most of the technological developments have been focussed towards the recovery of phosphorus from the wastewater streams. The Hydrodynamic Vortex Separator (HDVS) is a product developed by Hydro Internationalthat is primarily used for solid-liquid separation. However this study proposes the potential use of the HDVS as a reaction vessel for phosphorus recovery through magnesium-ammonium-phosphate precipitation. The study presents a development and application of a mathematical model of the two-phase system that is coupled with the formation of a dispersed phase through a precipitation process. Hydrodynamics of the system is modelled using an Eulerian