Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving the Near-Surface Wind Forecast around the Turpan Basin of the Northwest China by Using the WRF_TopoWind Model

Wind energy is a type of renewable and clean energy which has attracted more and more attention all over the world. The Northwest China is a region with the most abundant wind energy not only in China, but also in the whole world. To achieve the goal of carbon neutralization, there is an urgent need to make full use of wind energy in Northwest China and to improve the efficiency of wind power generation systems in this region. As forecast accuracy of the near-surface wind is crucial to wind-generated electricity efficiency, improving the near-surface wind forecast is of great importance. This study conducted the first test to incorporate the subgrid surface drag into the near-surface wind forecast under the complex terrain conditions over Northwest China by using two TopoWind models added by newer versions of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Based on three groups (each group had 28 runs) of forecasts (i.e., Control run, Test 01 and Test 02) started at 12:00 UTC of each day (ran for 48 h) during the period of 1–28 October 2020, it was shown that, overall, both TopoWind models could improve the near-surface wind speed forecasts under the complex terrain conditions over Northwest China, particularly for reducing the errors associated with the forecast of the wind-speed’s magnitude. In addition to wind forecast, the forecasts of sea level pressure and 2-m temperature were also improved. Different geographical features (wind-farm stations located south of the mountain tended to have more accurate forecast) and weather systems were found to be crucial to forecast accuracy. Good forecasts tended to appear when the simulation domain was mainly controlled by the high-pressure systems with the upper-level jet far from it.
A Simple Falling Recognition Scheme for a Human Body by Using Mobile Devices

In this paper, a simple falling recognition scheme for a human body is proposed with a smart mobile device including an acceleration sensor and its feasibility is experimentally analyzed. With the collected sensor data, the falling motion is distinguished from lying motion. A server displays the current states and the alarm states. The feasibility of proposed scheme is demonstrated through experiments. The results of experiment show the accuracy of 86% in lying and 100% in falling.
A SPEECH ACT ANALYSIS ON CODE SWITCHING PRACTICED BY ENGLISH TEACHER OF MTs NEGERI 1 YOGYAKARTA

This study was aimed at identifying the functions of the illocutionary acts spoken by the English teacher and to describe the effects of the speech acts used by the English teacher toward the students’ behavior. This research was designed as a descriptive qualitative research which was combined with the quantitative one. The quantitative data were used to reveal the frequency of the types of speech acts. The object of this research was the English teacher’s utterances in MTs Negeri 1 Yogyakarta. The data were in the form of scripts of English teacher’s utterances in the classroom which contained codeswitching. Then, the data were analyzed based on Searle’s classification of speech acts and Austin’s classification of perlocutionary acts. In this research, the researcher was the primary instrument. The results of this research showed that there were five functions of the illocutionary acts spoken by the English teacher and six perlocutionary acts used by the English teacher toward students’ behavior in English classroom of MTs Negeri 1 Yogyakarta. Those functions of illocutionary acts were assertives (44.1%), directives (51.6%), commisives (2.1%), expressive (1.1%), and declaratives (1.1%). Then, the perlocutionary acts were to convince the hearer (27.8%), to surprise the hearer (2.6%), to alarm the hearer (0.6%), to enlighten the hearer (16.5%), to make the hearer do something (32.9%), and to make the hearer realize something (19.6%). In conclusion, the English teacher of MTs Negeri 1 Yogyakarta usually used directive functions when she conducted code-switching in teaching English.
Dual‐frequency design of a shorted triangular patch antenna

A single‐feed shorted triangular patch antenna that can be operated at two different frequency bands is proposed and studied. The radiation patterns at the two operating frequencies are similar to those of a normal triangular patch antenna operated at its TM11 and TM21 modes, which are a monopolelike conical pattern and a broadside pattern, respectively. In addition, the impedance bandwidth, referring to the 10‐dB return loss, is 18% at the lower operating frequency and 9.4% at the high operating frequency. Details of the antenna designs and the obtained results are presented. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 749–751, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21463
Passive coherent location radar systems. Part 1: performance prediction

Passive coherent location (PCL) systems are a variant of bistatic radar that exploit 'illuminators of opportunity' as their sources of radar transmission. Dispensing with the need for a dedicated transmitter makes PCL inherently low cost, and hence attractive for a broad range of applications. Although a number of experimental and development examples exist, relatively little has been reported on the detailed performance of these systems and the resulting effects that these will have on the interpretation of backscatter and exploitation of derived information. In the paper a bistatic form of the radar range equation specifically tailored to PCL systems is developed. Realistic examples are used to examine and compare variations in sensitivity and coverage for three candidate transmitters of opportunity. These are analogue FM radio, cellular phone base stations and digital audio broadcast (DAB). These examples show that a wide and extremely useful set of detection ranges are achievable and also highlight some of the key issues underpinning more detailed aspects of predicting detection performance.
Reproductive timing and investment decisions of a protogynous hermaphroditic coral reef fish species

Life-history theory suggests that an organism must balance its available energy between two competing physiological processes to maximize fitness: reproduction and somatic growth. Energetic trade-offs are a fundamental concept of life history theory and form the basis of intra- and inter-specific variation in life-history strategies. In fishes, reproduction-growth trade-offs are an essential component of life-history optimization. This is particularly true for species with protogynous sex- change (the most common reproductive mode among coral reef fish species), where reproductive success rapidly and disproportionally increases with body size/ corresponding social status. In such systems, lifetime fitness is inherently linked to patterns of growth and energy allocation strategies determined by an individual’s size-specific rank within the dominance hierarchy. However, energy allocation strategies in a protogynous species may not only be a function of body size. Coral reef fish species are exposed to extremely variable environmental conditions and this can favour the evolution of strategies that utilize good times and avoid disadvantageous times for reproduction. Consequently, size- specific parental investment decisions may vary greatly in time and space according to environmental cues. My thesis focuses on the protogynous reef fish, Thalassoma hardwicke (the sixbar wrasse), which is extremely abundant on shallow coral reefs throughout the Indo-Pacific region. Specifically, I evaluate patterns of spawning and reproductive investment as a function of body size, social status, lunar phase and other environmental parameters. I address the question of whether females/males of differing size make different fitness-related decisions when away from spawning sites, and I evaluate context-dependency in these decisions. Finally, I will attempt to reconstruct the developmental histories (e.g., larval growth rates) of individuals from otoliths to evaluate potential relationships between developmental histories and fitness attributes.
Comparison of coefficient of friction and contact resistance during sliding wear on clad gold-nickel surfaces

This paper presents analysis of experimental sliding wear data for four hard-gold flash over gold-diffused nickel material systems (GF-DGNi). The surface hardness of the DGNi material was altered by varying both the gold surface concentration and the amount of gold reduction after the diffusion anneal. These material systems were evaluated for unlubricated and lubricated sliding wear durability. The lubricant used was a 6-ring polyphenyl ether, OS-138, that was applied by dipping the specimens in a 2.50% solution of OS-138 in a propylene glycol monomethyl ether carrier. A gold flash palladium connector pin and a strip of metal that had been clad with the gold-nickel material system were mated to form a pseudo-crossed-rod configuration for each of these sliding wear experiments. Sliding wear experiments were conducted at 50 g and 150 g normal load. The amplitude of the motion was 1.14 mm with a velocity of 1 mm/s. Each experiment was conducted for a minimum of 2000 wear cycles and five replications were made for each experimental test condition. A new sliding wear test machine and software program were developed for this test series to appropriately handle the clad metal samples and to allow simultaneous measurement of coefficient of friction and electrical contact resistance during each wear cycle.
Impedance networks matching mechanism and design of impedance networks converters

in German) Zunächst wird in dieser Dissertation der Hintergrund der durchgeführten Untersuchungen zusammen mit einem kurzen historischen Überblick zur Entwicklung der Leistungselektronik und dem Stand der Technik von Impedanzquellenwandlern unter Auflistung typischer Beispiele dargestellt. Daran schließt sich eine Untersuchung der Eigenschaften von Impedanznetzen und deren Auswirkungen auf den Aufbau hochwertiger Stromrichter an. Eine qualitative Analyse liefert die Gründe, warum konventionelle Spannungsund Stromquellenwandler unter Problemen wie Überlappungsspitzen, Leerlauf, eingeschränkter Verstärkung von Ausgangsstrom oder spannung oder Nichtanwendbarkeit auf induktive und kapazitive Lasten leiden und warum Impedanzquellenwandler diese Probleme überwinden können. Die Analyse ermöglicht, den für nichtlineare geschaltete Stromrichter wesentlichen Impedanznetzanpassungsmechanismus, der sich von Impedanzanpassung in lineareren Schaltkreisen deutlich unterscheidet, eingehend zu verstehen. Der Mechanismus passt sowohl die Impedanzen der Einund Ausgänge als auch die Phasen der Lasten an. In Bezug auf den Impedanznetzanpassungsmechanismus wird eine systematische Methodik zur Entwicklung neuer Impedanzquellenstromrichter dargestellt, die geeignet ist, die traditionelle, manuell-mühsame Entwurfsmethodik zu ersetzen. Im Hinblick auf einige spezielle industrielle Anwendungen werden vier neue Impedanzquellenwandler als Beispiele für den Einsatz der vorgeschlagenen Entwurfmethodik entworfen, und zwar zwei 3-Z-Netz-Gleichspannungsaufwärtswandler nach Spezifikationen der Photovoltaik, ein für elektrochemische Netzteile geeigneter Z-Quellenhalbbrückenwandler und ein Z-Quellenhalbbrückenwandler mit dualem Ausgang für Elektrofahrzeuge.
Why Do Museums Matter? A Case Study on the Maramures County Museums

The first natural question that any museum visitor should ask himself/herself should be related to the importance and the role played by museums in the economy of the 21st century. Do museums have any contribution to the market economy and to the development of society in general? Just like any other organization, the museum’s role is to create products, services and information in order to satisfy man’s needs. What is nevertheless different from private organizations is the fact that a museum’s survival in the marketplace is not dependent on the breakeven point. In Romania, unlike other European states, the activity of museums is entirely state-funded no matter if any minimal parameters are reached or not. Under these circumstances is the existence and functionality of museums still justified, or are these mere useless consumers of resources which only burden the state’s already weak budget with extra expenses? The purpose of this article is to sketch an economic perspective of museums as productive organizations. In the case study carried out in the Maramures County museums we seek to demonstrate the economic and social benefits of museums through concrete figures, as well as to identify the possible ways of improving their performance.
Advanced e-Call Support Based on Non-Intrusive Driver Condition Monitoring for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

Background: The growth of the number of vehicles in traffic has led to an exponential increase in the number of road accidents with many negative consequences, such as loss of lives and pollution. Methods: This article focuses on using a new technology in automotive electronics by equipping a semi-autonomous vehicle with a complex sensor structure that is able to provide centralized information regarding the physiological signals (Electro encephalogram—EEG, electrocardiogram—ECG) of the driver/passengers and their location along with indoor temperature changes, employing the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Thus, transforming the vehicle into a mobile sensor connected to the internet will help highlight and create a new perspective on the cognitive and physiological conditions of passengers, which is useful for specific applications, such as health management and a more effective intervention in case of road accidents. These sensor structures mounted in vehicles will allow for a higher detection rate of potential dangers in real time. The approach uses detection, recording, and transmission of relevant health information in the event of an incident as support for e-Call or other emergency services, including telemedicine. Results: The novelty of the research is based on the design of specialized non-invasive sensors for the acquisition of EEG and ECG signals installed in the headrest and backrest of car seats, on the algorithms used for data analysis and fusion, but also on the implementation of an IoT temperature measurement system in several points that simultaneously uses sensors based on MEMS technology. The solution can also be integrated with an e-Call system for telemedicine emergency assistance. Conclusion: The research presents both positive and negative results of field experiments, with possible further developments. In this context, the solution has been developed based on state-of-the-art technical devices, methods, and technologies for monitoring vital functions of the driver/passengers (degree of fatigue, cognitive state, heart rate, blood pressure). The purpose is to reduce the risk of accidents for semi-autonomous vehicles and to also monitor the condition of passengers in the case of autonomous vehicles for providing first aid in a timely manner. Reported abnormal values of vital parameters (critical situations) will allow interveneing in a timely manner, saving the patient’s life, with the support of the e-Call system.
Multiple hypothesis detection and tracking using deep learning for video traffic surveillance

Moroccan Intelligent Transport System is the first Moroccan system that uses the latest advances in computer vision, machine learning and deep learning techniques to manage Moroccan traffic and road violations. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic approach to Multiple Hypothesis Detection and Tracking (MHDT) for video traffic surveillance. The proposed framework combines Kalman filter and data association-based tracking methods using YOLO detection approach, to robustly track vehicles in complex traffic surveillance scenes. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is robust to detect and track the trajectory of the vehicles in different situations such as scale variation, stopped vehicles, rotation, varying illumination and occlusion. The proposed approach shows a competitive results (detection: 94.10% accuracy, tracking: 92.50% accuracy ) compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.
Robust Transceiver Design for SWIPT DF MIMO Relay Systems With Time-Switching Protocol

In this article, we investigate a dual-hop simultaneous wireless information and power transfer decode-and-forward multiple-input and multiple-output relay communication system, in which the relay node harvests energy based on the radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted from the source node through the time-switching (TS) protocol to decode and forward the re-encoded information to the destination node. With the consideration of the channel estimation error, the joint optimization of the TS factor and source and relay precoding matrices is proposed with robustness against the channel state information mismatch to maximize the mutual information (MI) between the source and destination nodes. We derive the optimal structure of the source and relay precoding matrices to simplify the transceiver optimization problem under fixed and flexible power constraints. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed algorithms with robustness provide better MI performance compared to the nonrobust algorithm.
Effect of Plant Extracts on the Postharvest Performances of Vegetables

Plant extracts are recognized as safe and low-cost materials for postharvest treatments to increase the shelf life of horticultural commodities. However, in Bangladesh plant extracts are rarely used and very little research outcomes have been reported in Bangladesh context. Hence the current study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of combined botanical extracts in maintaining postharvest physico-chemical properties and extending shelf life of some summer vegetable (Bitter gourd, Brinjal and Pointed gourd) of Bangladesh. Freshly harvested vegetables were left untreated (control- T1) or treated with combination of aloe vera and thankuni extracts (T2); onion, garlic and ginger extracts (T3); aloe vera, thankuni, onion, garlic and ginger extracts (T4). Then they were kept for two weeks in uncovered paper carton in ambient conditions to observe their postharvest performances in respect of microbial infection (%), total soluble solids (% Brix), pH (magnitude), ascorbic acid content (mg/100 g), weight loss (%), shelf life (days), firmness (score) and color (score). In comparison to the control (T1), the postharvest properties were well maintained in T2 treated bitter gourd, and T4 treated pointed gourd and brinjal as recorded accordingly for shelf life (7.33, 6.63 and 7.30 days), content of vitamin C (39.56, 48.83 and 1.4 mg/100g), microbial infection (14.64%, 0% and 3.53%), rate of pH reduction (22.59%, 10.59% and 15.45% ), loss of fresh weight (1.39, 1.82 and 1.65-fold lower than T1) and color and firmness scores (1.22 and 1.36; 1.19 and 1.23; 1.8 and 1.39-fold higher than T1). From the current study it could be concluded that, the combination of aloe vera and thankuni extract would be considered as a suitable treatment for maintaining postharvest properties in bitter gourd. For pointed gourd and brinjal, the combination of aloe vera, thankuni, onion, garlic and ginger extract would be a suitable extract in this regard. South Asian J. Agric. , 7(1&2): 38-43
A frequency dispersion model of GaAs MESFET for large-signal applications

Deficiencies in conventional frequency dispersion models of GaAs MESFET are addressed regarding their large-signal response. A new model which can accurately describes the large-signal dynamic properties is proposed. Only DC and scattering parameter data are required to extract the model parameters, which can be easily implemented into microwave circuit simulators in the macro circuit form. The validity of this model is demonstrated by comparing predicted pulsed I-V characteristics and power saturation characteristics with measured ones.
A part-and-tool assignment method for the workload-balance between machines and the minimisation of tool-shortage occurrences in an FMS

In this paper, we look into the loading problem of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) that is made up of several identical flexible manufacturing machines (CMMs). These machines are capable of different operations as long as the required tools are provided to them. The loading problem studied in this paper is a pre-release problem that deals with the pre-assignment of parts and tools before the process of an FMS begins. There are two objectives that one would like to achieve. They include minimising the number of tool-shortage occurrences and balancing the workload between machines. Since one cannot directly minimise the number of tool-shortage occurrences at the current pre-release stage, a surrogate objective of minimising the total tool-capacity shortage (TTCS) is adopted. Furthermore, because of the ‘tool movement policy’ assumption, our loading problem only involves assigning parts and tools to each machine. In this paper, we propose a part-and-tool assignment method that combines fuzzy c-means, SA (simulated annealing), and an optimal tool-assignment algorithm. The proposed part-and-tool assignment method is designed to be interactive. Because of this interactive nature, human designers can experiment with different evaluation criteria or reset the parameters of SA to look for alternative solutions. An example is given which illustrates the proposed part-and-tool assignment method. From the example, one can see that the proposed method is very efficient and effective in finding good-quality solutions.
Driving-Noise-Tolerant Broadband Polymer/Silica Hybrid Thermo-Optic Switch with Low Power Consumption

Abstract A polymer/silica hybrid Mach–Zehnder interferometer thermo-optic switch is experimentally demonstrated. The switch exhibits low power consumption of 7.8 mW, high extinction ratio of 32.6 dB, and short rise and fall times of 107 and 71 μs, respectively. The output spectrum is 50 nm (1,520–1,570 nm), with the extinction ratio level of over 18 dB. The driving-noise tolerance of this device was experimentally investigated by imposing a generated tunable noise on the pure driving signal. The device reveals a voltage-noise budget as high as 1.1 Vpp relative to a driving voltage of 3.0 Vpp for obtaining higher than a 10-dB extinction ratio.