Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Bus-Aware Global Router

In this paper, we present a bus-aware global router that handles the length-matching issue of buses by modifying a well-known global router, NTHURoute 2.0, with the following enhancements: (1) a new net ordering determination method for rip-up and reroute, and (2) a length-bounded hybrid unilateral monotonic routing method. The experimental results show that our router can successfully solve 9 of 11 test cases without causing any overflow. In particular, for one of the 9 test cases, NTHU-Route 2.0 cannot completely eliminate its total overflow. In addition, our global router can produce a high quality solution in terms of total bus wirelength deviation, while maintaining comparable total wirelength and runtime efficiency.
A branch and bound approach for earliness and tardiness penalty problem with distinct due dates

In this paper, a single machine, n-job scheduling problem, in which each job has a distinct due date-and equal earliness and tardiness coefficients, is studied. The objective is to determine an optimal schedule to minimize the sum of earliness-tardiness penalties. Based on a new theorem for the idle time insertion in the optimal schedule, the paper presents a deterministic algorithm to obtain the upper bound of an optimal schedule. By combining it with an existing lower bound estimation scheme, a fast branch and bound approach for optimal schedule is proposed. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the new method.
SELECTIVE ATTENTION IN OBJECT SUBSTITUTION MASKING by MATTHEW S.TATA B. Sc., Cornell University, 1995 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES

Backward masking in visual perception occurs when the visibility of a brief target stimulus is decreased by interference from another visual object appearing at the same location. Of particular interest is a type of backward masking known as object substitution, which has been shown by Di Lollo, Enns, and Rensink (1999) to be modulated by factors that also influence visual attention. The results of three experiments are presented here that corroborate their findings. It is shown that object substitution increases with the number of distractor items in the display, decreases when the target location is validly pre-cued, and is eliminated when the target can be located rapidly in the display. A theory accounting for this phenomenon has been proposed by Di Lollo and colleagues. Implicit in the theory is the notion that the mask becomes the focus of object perception mechanisms in the brain. Recent advances in the understanding of the neural mechanisms mediating attentional selection of visual objects are consistent with this theory. It is argued on theoretical grounds that attentional selection of the mask is likely to be involved in object substitution. Finally, the results of three experiments are presented that lend support to this claim. It is shown that object substitution is eliminated by the presence of distractors that divert attention from the mask at the target location. Furthermore, a mask that precedes the target in the display sequence is shown to be ineffective unless its contours are hidden in the background during the preview period. This is consistent with the findings of recent investigations into the attentional capture phenomenon and suggests that the mask may capture attention during visual search for the target. T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S Abstract ii List of Figures vii List of Figures v Acknowledgements v
Isolation and characterization of Secondary Metabolites from aerial parts of Cansjera rheedii

To investigate the new constituents (I-V) from aerial parts of Cansjera rheedii J.Gmelin. 1D and 2D NMR spectra were recorded and the chemical shifts (ppm) are related to (CH3)4Si as TMS as internal standard. Optical rotations were determined on Polarimeter in MeOH. Elemental analyses by CHNSO Analyser. IR spectra were recorded on a FTIR spectrometer. UV-Visible spectrophotometer of each compound was determined in MeOH and after addition of different shift reagents such as AlCl3, AlCl3/HCl, CH3COONa, CH3COONa/H3 BO4 and NaOMe at 190-500nm. Mass spectra were recorded on GCMS. Melting point determinations by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC-60). Open column chromatography was carried out on Sephadex LH-20 as packing material and Whatmann No.1 filter paper and TLC-Silica gel 60 F254 sheets. A Phytochemical study of an ethanol extract from the aerial parts of Cansjera rheedii J.Gmelin (Opiliaceae), a traditional Indian medicinal plant, led to the isolation of 5 compounds, including a mixture of phenyl propenoic acid derivatives and flavonols glycosides viz: 3, 4-dihydroxy cinnamic acid(Caffeic acid) (I), 4-hydroxy 3methoxy cinnamic acid (Ferulic acid) (II), 3, 5, 7, 3’, 4’-pentahydroxy flavone (quercetin) (III), 5, 7, 3’, 4’tetrahydroxy -3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavones (quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside) (IV) and 5, 7, 3’, 4’-tetrahydroxy3-O-(6-O-α-L-rhamnopyanosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavone (quercetin-3-O-β-rutinoside (or) Rutin) (V). Structures of all these compounds were unambiguously established by spectral and chemical methods. This is the first report of the above 5 compounds from the plant.
EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF PHASEOLOUS ACONITIFOLIUS JACQ . CV . RMO 40

Heavy metals namely copper, lead, cadmium, zinc and nickle toxicity were assessed at varying concentration (10 -1000 ppm) on seed germination and seedling growth (root/ shoot length and fresh weight) of Phaseolous aconitifolius Jacq.cv. RMO 40. It was observed that seed germination and seedling growth was almost not affected at lower concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni but affected at higher concentrations of all the heavy metals. Germination percentage was 100% in all the concentrations of Zn. Toxicity followed the pattern Cd > Pb > Cu > Ni > Zn. It was observed that cadmium was the most toxic on seed germination, shoot length, root length and fresh weight in comparison to other heavy metals.
Preconditioning and Multiple-Right Hand Sides Strategies for the Solution of the Frequency-Domain Wave Propagation Problem using the CGMN Method

Frequency-domain waveform modeling in the acoustic and elastic approximations requires the solution of large ill-conditioned linear systems. In the context of frequency-domain full waveform inversion, the solutions of these systems are required for a large number of sources (i.e. right-hand sides). Because of their tremendous memory requirements, direct solvers are not yet adapted to the solution of 3D elastodynamics equations. We are thus interested in the use of efficient iterative solvers adapted to the solution of these systems. The CGMN method has shown robust convergence properties for 2D and 3D elastic problems in highly heterogeneous media, compared to standard Krylov methods, but still requires a large number of iterations to reach sufficient accuracy. In this study, the design of an efficient preconditioning strategy adapted to this method is investigated. This preconditioner is computed as a sparse approximate inverse of a heavily damped wave propagation operator. In addition, the single seed method is used to increase the efficiency of the solver for multiple right-hand sides. The efficiency of these two combined strategies is evaluated on the 2D BP2004 model in the visco-acoustic approximation, up to 40 Hz. An overall time speed-up equal to 3 and a reduction of the number of iterations by a factor 10 are observed.
Remote memory as a resource in distributed systems

To reduce reliance on disk I/O, the remote memory model is extended, such that dedicated server machines with substantial amounts of memory provide backing storage to client workstations. Remote memory provides the traditional service of swap space, but at faster access speeds. The remote memory server manages objects created, named, and destroyed by client machines. Objects are named by clients and can be shared by multiple clients. The memory server keeps track of idle memory available on other machines, shipping objects to those machines as needed. The memory server is operating-system- and architecture-independent, allowing all network clients to use the memory server. Thus, performance of the overall system can be improved by adding memory to the shared server. <<ETX>>
Polish Dependency Bank

The paper outlines the first Polish dependency bank derived from constituent trees. The conversion is a fully automatic and unambiguous process. The converter takes manually disambiguated constituent trees encoded in the XML format as input and produces dependency structures encoded in the column-based CoNLL format. The conversion is a relatively straightforward process, since constituents have their syntactic centers marked in most cases. However, a certain amount of reorganizing is necessary, in order to make the dependency structures meet annotation principles. The main part of the paper will be devoted to characteristics of Polish dependency types. The Polish dependency bank can be used for training or evaluation of Polish parsers.
A Literature Review in Health Informatics Using Data Mining Techniques

In this paper we present an overview of the applications of data mining in administrative, clinical, research, and educational aspects of Health Informatics. The current or potential applications of various data mining techniques in Health Informatics are illustrated through some case studies from published literature. Data mining techniques such as clustering, classification, regression, association rule mining, CART (Classification and Regression Tree) are widely used in healthcare domain. Data mining algorithms, when appropriately used, are capable of improving the quality of prediction, diagnosis and disease classification. The main focus of this paper is to analyze data mining techniques required for medical data mining especially to discover locally frequent diseases such as heart ailments, lung cancer, breast cancer and so on.
The Analysis of Two Teaching Programs: Massed and Distributed

In Mathematics, many innovations were introduced to achieve a fruitful learning environment. The study examined the consequence and the effectiveness of two differently structured programs, massed teaching and distributed teaching, for equipping the performance of the students in learning mathematics, specifically in some topics in Algebra. The study used a teacher-made pretest and posttest with a reliability coefficient of 0.76. Two sections were accounted. In section A, 35 students were exposed to a long- term session which is the massed teaching program and in section B, 41 students were exposed to a short-term session with an interval break session which is the distributed teaching program. This study employed a quasiexperimental design, the experimental group and control group was section A and section B, respectively. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Using the ANCOVA, the result shows that there was a significant difference between massed and distributed teaching program as to the mathematics achievement of the students with different mathematical ability as above average, average, and below average. Analysis revealed that distributed teaching program is more effective and beneficial for below average students and the massed teaching program is efficient for average and above average students. Keywords: Mathematics, massed teaching, distributed teaching, teaching programs, quasiexperimentaldesign, Philippines
ANOMALY DETECTION IN POLICY AUTHORIZATION ACTIVITY LOGS

Security in corporations is a crucial issue. As number of users in these corporation increases, the chance for having intruder also increases. It is important to develop effective methods to deal with such threat. Luckily, users leave electric footprint behind, as log files. Analyzing these log files results in examining users’ activity and detecting an intruder. Recent works have proposed methods for detecting intruders inside corporations. However, these methods are complex for today’s corporation. In this work, we proposed a lightweight and effective method to detect an intruder inside corporations using log files. The dataset in this work was provided from NextLabs, one of high-profile companies in information security. The experiment using random forest algorithm shows that this method detects intruders with 97.18% accuracy.
Risk Factors Associated with Precancerous Lesions of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a Screening Study in a High Risk Chinese Population

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been having a high mortality rate in China. Most patients are diagnosed in advanced stages, leading to the poor prognosis and low 5-year survival rate. Detection of precancerous lesions or early cancers is the key to improving this situation. Although previous studies have identified some risk factors for ESCC, they rarely paid attention to the premalignant esophageal lesions. We thus initiated a population-based screening study aiming to assess risk factors associated with esophageal precancerous lesions (EPLs) in a high risk Chinese population. Methods: From September 2013 to July 2015, we screened residents aged 40-69 years from 53 randomly selected communities in Feicheng, China (n = 5076). Each participant went through questionnaire interview, physical examination, endoscopy and biopsy. Using logistic regression, we compared participants with EPLs to that with normal esophageal mucosa for finding potential risk factors of EPLs. Results: A total of 570 participants were diagnosed with EPLs. We observed no association between EPLs and tobacco smoking or alcohol consumption in unadjusted or adjusted model. In the adjusted model, the OR (95% CI) was 1.84 (1.18-2.89) for people of drinking shallow-well water comparing to people who was drinking tap-water. In a comparison of participants with good oral health, the ESD/ESCC ORs (95% CI) for those with very poor or poor oral health, were 1.78 (1.28-2.49) and 1.58 (1.16-2.15) respectively. However, no statistical significance was observed after adjustment. Moreover, cereal straw heating (OR= 1.74, 95% CI: 0.90-3.36, P=0.099) may lead to increased risk of EPLs. Conclusion: In Feicheng population, tobacco smoking or alcohol consumption may not be risk factors of EPLs. Low-quality drinking water raised the EPLs risk. Bad house heating materials, such as cereal straw, may lead to high EPLs risk.
On the use of frame-based slice size for the robust transmission of MPEG video over ATM networks

We study the performance requirements for the transport of MPEG video streams over ATM networks. A control scheme is introduced to limit the propagation of impairments through MPEG-based video sequences as a result of cell losses. The scheme assigns different slice sizes to the video frames based on their type and order of appearance within the group of pictures. The main aim of the proposed scheme is to improve the robustness of the video delivery process at a minimum cost. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of this scheme in reducing the propagation of impairments due to the loss of information during the transmission of MPEG video streams over ATM networks.
High-speed frequency synthesizer for spread spectrum communication systems

A high-speed direct digital frequency synthesizer has been designed for ultra-fast frequency-hopped spread spectrum applications. It is called the low-latency residue synthesizer (LLRS) and exhibits frequency switching times which are reduced by more than 50% below previously published designs. The switching speed advantage is made possible by the use of the residue number system and one-hot encoding of phase information. Pipeline lengths in the phase accumulator and other circuitry are thereby reduced significantly. <<ETX>>
Hemodynamic study about laminar shear stress extenuate cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury

Objective: In this study, we explored whether laminar shear stress (LS) had an effect on the apoptosis of rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMECs) during the course of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Methods: First, blood flow changes in CIRI were studied by Laser Doppler flowmetry in vivo. Then, the oxygen/ glucose deprivation (OGD) model was adopted to cause ischaemia in rBMECs for 6 hours in vitro. Flow intervention without nutrition and an LS force magnitude of 0.8±0.05 dynes/cm2 were delivered for the last 2 hours to simulate the single factor effect of LS on reperfusion. Results: We found that cell apoptosis was significantly relieved under haemodynamic intervention with Annexin V-FITC/PI and Hoechst 33258 analysis. In terms of molecular mechanisms, it is possible that LS could activate the cytomembrane surface receptor Tie-2 and cause downstream inhibition of the caspase-3 apoptosis pathway. Conclusion: LS should be a protective factor for CIRI.
1 Segregation in Istanbul : Measuring segregation in an ever-changing city 1

There has been little academic interest in measuring segregation in non-Western geographies since the bulk of the literature on the measurement of residential segregation originates from the Western context with methods specifically designed for Western style datasets and spatial divisions. This article is thus an attempt to examine segregation indices, a well-used statistical method in international segregation literature, in the case of a city on the move, Istanbul, where little empirical information is available on residential segregation. Although Istanbul is characterised by many as a ‘divided city’ with its image as a growing globalised metropolis, the article suggests that as far as five dimensions of segregation are concerned, segregation levels found in Istanbul can be regarded as ‘moderate’ on the international scale. Average segregation scores are evidently close to those of Central European cities, slightly lower than European levels and correspond to moderate levels by American standards. From index scores it is concluded that higher social groups with better education and high-status occupations represent much higher segregation than that of lower social groups, which indicates a stronger tendency on the part of the former to be segregated from the rest of the city. This can also be characterised by local patterns of segregation; better-off education groups concentrated in the coastal enclaves and in areas closer to the city centre whereas lower social groups are widespread in the peripheries with lower segregation degrees. The study also reveals that segregation along the line of education is stronger than that originating from any other attainment for every dimension of segregation in Istanbul. 1 The editors of the Przestrzeń Społeczna (Social Space) journal contributed considerably to the improvement of the original version of this text. socialspacejournal.eu nr 1/2015(9) 2
Confidence region for parameters in replicated errors in variables model

COMPSTAT 2004 section: Multivariate analysis. Abstract: We consider replicated regression model with errors in variables (EIV model), also known as the measurement error model. The calibration problem is closely related to the considered model. In this model, we have derived the Kenward-Roger type of the confidence region for the unknown regression parameters, which is suggested to be used with small sample sizes. Our simulation study approved good statistical properties of the proposed confidence region.
Antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel and seed powder extracts

The present study was devised to explore the antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel powder (PPP) and pomegranate seed powder (PSP). Total phenolic content was determined by Folin Ciocalteu reagent method and antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity methods. The study revealed that the total phenolic content (mg GAE/ g) of PPP was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of PSP. The values were observed to be numerically higher (P>0.05) in the methanolic extracts compared to the water extracts. The percent DPPH-RSA of PPP was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the PSP (91.81 ± 0.62). Similarly, Me showed significantly higher (P<0.05) values compared to We. The percent ABTS-RSA of PPP was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the PSP. However, the Me and We exhibited non-significant differences (P>0.05), the values being numerically slightly higher in the former. Thus it was concluded that pomegranate peel and seed powder could find several applications as functional food ingredients due to the antioxidant properties.
Anomaly Detection in Microservice Infrastructures

Anomaly detection in time series is a broad field with many application areas, and has been researched for many years. In recent years the need for monitoring and DevOps has increased, partly due to the increased usage of microservice infrastructures. Applying time series anomaly detection to the metrics emitted by these microservices can yield new insights into the system health and could enable detecting anomalous conditions before they are escalated into a full incident. However, there exist many different challenges in this field since the underlying data has a diverse set of characteristics and usually contains noise. This thesis investigates how two proposed anomaly detectors, one based on the RPCA algorithm and the other on the HTM neural network, perform on metrics emitted by a microservice infrastructure, with the goal of enhancing the infrastructure monitoring. The detectors are evaluated against a random sample of metrics from Spotify’s microservice infrastructure, as well as the open source NAB dataset. It is illustrated both algorithms are able to detect every known incident in the Spotify metrics tested. Their ability to to detect anomalies is shown to be dependent on the defined threshold value for what qualifies as an outlier. The RPCA Detector proved better at detecting anomalies on the Spotify microservice metrics, however the HTM detector performed better on the NAB dataset. Findings also highlight the difficulty of manually annotating anomalies even with domain knowledge. An issue found to be true for both the dataset created for this project, and the NAB dataset. The thesis concludes that the proposed detectors possess different abilities, both having their respective trade-offs. Although they are similar in detection accuracy and false positive rates, each has different inert abilities to perform tasks such as continuous monitoring or ease of deployment in an existing monitoring setup.
Amorphous TiO 2 as a photocatalyst for hydrogen production : a DFT study of structural and electronic properties

In recent years, photocatalytic splitting of water to produce hydrogen has attracted significant attention. Crystalline forms of titanium dioxide (TiO2) have been investigated for decades. Amorphous TiO2, although less expensive, has not been studied as thoroughly. This study investigates the structural and electronic properties of amorphous TiO2. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to prepare multiple amorphous TiO2 samples having different number of atoms. The structural analysis agrees well with the experimental data. Electronic properties of amorphous TiO2 are investigated through density functional theory calculations. Band gap characteristics of amorphous TiO2 are compared with experimental data for amorphous as well as crystalline (rutile and anatase) TiO2 phases. Analysis of electronic properties suggests that amorphous TiO2 may prove as a cheaper, more abundant, but somewhat less efficient photocatalyst as compared to crystalline TiO2. © 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Canadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association