Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Wages Rise with Job Seniority? A Reassessment

The authors provide new estimates of the return to job seniority using a dataset similar to that employed in Joseph Altonji and Robert Shakotko, “Do Wages Rise with Job Seniority? ” Review of Economic Studies (1987) and Robert Topel, “Specific Capital, Mobility, and Wages,” Journal of Political Economy (1991). They consider the strengths and weaknesses of these studies' treatment of economy-wide trends, their dating conventions for tenure and wages, their handling of wage observations that might span multiple jobs, and their estimation approaches. Re-estimation points to an effect often years of tenure on the log wage equal to . 11, which is above the preferred estimate of Altonji and Shakotko but far below that of Topel. Changes in earnings distributions and in the employment relationship motivate the examination of more recent data. Perhaps surprisingly, the return to tenure has probably increased over time.
Functionally Heterogeneous CD 8 1 T-Cell Memory Is Induced by Sendai Virus Infection of Mice

It has recently been established that memory CD8 T cells induced by viral infection are maintained at unexpectedly high frequencies in the spleen. While it has been established that these memory cells are phenotypically heterogeneous, relatively little is known about the functional status of these cells. Here we investigated the proliferative potential of CD8 memory T cells induced by Sendai virus infection. High frequencies of CD8 T cells specific for both dominant and subdominant Sendai virus epitopes persisted for many weeks after primary infection, and these cells were heterogeneous with respect to CD62L expression (approximately 20% CD62L and 80% CD62L). Reactivation of these cells with the antigenic peptide in vitro induced strong proliferation of antigen-specific CD8 T cells. However, approximately 20% of the cells failed to proliferate in vitro in response to a cognate peptide but nevertheless differentiated into effector cells and acquired full cytotoxic potential. These cells also expressed high levels of CD62L (in marked contrast to the CD62L status of the proliferating cells in the culture). Direct isolation of CD62L and CD62L CD8 T cells from memory mice confirmed the correlation of this marker with proliferative potential. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Sendai virus infection induces high frequencies of memory CD8 T cells that are highly heterogeneous in terms of both their phenotype and their proliferative potential.
Performance of cooperative massive MIMO 5g cellular system

In this Paper, Massive MIMO technology is proposed to 5G cellular system which improves throughput and spectral efficiency. The system performance based on LTE system. Cooperative Massive MIMO system contains multiple base station antennas for multiple users. Cooperative Massive MIMO improved the system performance of Cell edge users by using Matched Filter (MF) Pre-coding. For 5G system Massive MIMO uses a large number of antennas with an order for magnitude more antennas than current LTE systems. MF (matched filter) Pre-coding is used at the eNodeBs to reduce inter user interference by using asymptotical Orthogonality among users. Cooperative Massive MIMO is used to eliminate to inter cell interference, pilot Contamination by using large number of base station antennas used.
Relationship between Financial Reporting Transparency and Investment Efficiency: Evidence from Iran

One of the most important roles of financial reporting is improving the firms’ investment decisions; however, there is not much supporting evidence for this claim in emerging markets like Iran. In this study, the effect of financial reporting transparency in investment efficiency of Iranian firms has been investigated. In order to do this, 336 listed companies on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) has been selected for time period 2012 to 2015 as research sample. For testing our main hypothesis, we classified sample firms into two groups based on their deviation from expected investment: underinvestment and over-investment cases. The results indicate that there is positive significant relationship between financial transparency and investment efficiency. In the other words, transparency can mitigate both underinvestment and overinvestment situations. Keywords—Corporate governance, disclosure, investment decisions, investment efficiency, transparency.
Goat Manure as a Soil Ameliorant and Yield 'Stimulant' In Coconut

Studies were carried out on a seven-year-old dwarf x tall (CRIC 65) hybrid coconut to evaluate the usefulness of goat manure as a source of nutrients and as a soil ameliorant. Goat manure caused significant increase in nut yield (35.2%), copra weight (40.3%), nuts/bunch (20.5%) and female flowers/tree (15.5%) during the third year of experimentation. The increases for copra weight, nut weight, female flowers/bunch and number of bunches/tree ranged from 6.1% to 10.1% but were not significant. Goat manure also improved soil microbiological activity, organic matter content and water holding capacity. The results showed that goat manure has much scope as an organic fertilizer and as a soil ameliorant in coconut cultivation.
Concurrent Rapid Identification of Bulking and Foaming Bacteria

Nocardioforms were genetically identified using PCR-REBA. PCR-REBA was able to identify many bacterial genera in one assay. PCR-REBA was able to determine that foams from different WWTPs contain various types of bacteria such as Gordonia spp. , Millisia spp. , Skermania spp. , Tsukamurella spp. , and Microthrix parvicella, while light microscopy cannot differentiate amongst them (except M. parvicella). The G. amarae population was detected before foaming event using PCR-REBA, which gives warning sign of the problematic bacteria. The study G. amarae population using qPCR indicated G. amarae were favorable to temperature at 23-26C and during fall and spring (R 2 =0.6011). SRT and F/M were not associated with G. amarae population (R 2 = 0.008 and 0.085 for SRT and F/M, respectively). NH3 in the influent had inverse relationship to numbers of G. amarae, however R 2 was 0.0738. cBOD to nBOD ratio had high R 2 = 0.433. G. amarae were able to uptake high carbon to nitrogen ratio substrate, but G. amarae could not utilize these unbalance nutrients completely. As a result, high biosurfactants were produced, and foams were created during optimum temperature. HRT also had strong relationship to G. amarae population (R 2 = 0.43), which supports this hypothesis that the longer time G. amarae contacted to food, higher G. amarae concentrations were observed.
The Political Economy of Pulse: Techno-somatic rhythm and real-time data

In the context of ubiquitous data capture and the politics of control, there is growing individual and managerial interest in ‘pulse’, both in the literal sense of arterial pulse (now monitored through wearable technology) and in a metaphorical sense of real-time tracking (for instance taking the ‘pulse of an organisation’). This article uses the category of ‘pulse’ to explore post-Fordism as a set of techniques for governing rhythms, both of the body and of technologies. It draws on Lefebvre’s work to introduce notions of eurhythmia, arrhythmia and ‘internal measure’ as ways of exploring somatic and organisational life. It then introduces two case studies where the idea and physical nature of ‘pulse’ are at work. These provide an insight into the real-time nature of post-Fordist life, where a chronic sensing of quantities becomes the basis of co-operation, rather than a judgement via measures.
Harnessing the Potential of Adenovirus Vectored Vaccines

A range of infectious diseases and cancers are in theory preventable or treatable by vaccination, but have remained outside the reach of traditional vaccination. This may be because of special problems regarding the selection of appropriate target antigens or certain requirements regarding the quality of the vaccine induced response. In this context, the use of recombinant virus vectored vaccines may be a promising future concept that combines important features of live attenuated vaccines with greater safety and the ability to target any imaginable antigen. Among the virus vectors investigated for vaccine purposes, adenovirus vectors have received considerable attention and today stand among the most potent tools available for induction of antibody and CD8+ T cell responses in mice, primates and humans (Barefoot et al., 2008; Bett et al., 2010; Shiver et al., 2002). Adenovirus vectored vaccines has, however, also been implicated in one of the most spectacular HIV vaccine failures (Buchbinder et al., 2008), and some papers describe either undesirable attributes of the adenovirus induced T cell response or properties of vector specific responses, which may increase mucosal HIV transmission (Benlahrech et al., 2009; Perreau et al., 2008). The current review will attempt to describe the key features of adenovirus vectored vaccine induced immune responses, the mechanisms underlying induction of different response qualities, how the adenovirus vectors compare with other vaccination tools in the immunological arsenal, and how adenovirus vectors can be combined in heterologous vaccination regimens. A final section will be dedicated to potential future clinical application of adenovirus vectored vaccines.
Title : Dog Experts ' Brains Distinguish Socially Relevant Body Postures Similarly in Dogs and Humans

We read conspecifics’ social cues effortlessly, but little is known about our abilities to understand social gestures of other species. To investigate the neural underpinnings of such skills, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study the brain activity of experts and non-experts of dog behavior while they observed humans or dogs either interacting with, or facing away from a conspecific. The posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) of both subject groups dissociated humans facing toward each other from humans facing away, and in dog experts, a distinction also occurred for dogs facing toward vs. away in a bilateral area extending from the pSTS to the inferior temporo-occipital cortex: the dissociation of dog behavior was significantly stronger in expert than control group. Furthermore, the control group had stronger pSTS responses to humans than dogs facing toward a conspecific, whereas in dog experts, the responses were of similar magnitude. These findings suggest that dog experts’ brains distinguish socially relevant body postures similarly in dogs and humans. Citation: Kujala MV, Kujala J, Carlson S, Hari R (2012) Dog Experts’ Brains Distinguish Socially Relevant Body Postures Similarly in Dogs and Humans. PLoS ONE 7(6): e39145. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0039145 Editor: Giuseppe di Pellegrino, University of Bologna, Italy Received October 24, 2011; Accepted May 19, 2012; Published June 13, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Kujala et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This study was supported by the Academy of Finland (National Centers of Excellence Program 2006–2011, and NEURO program), ERC Advanced Grant #232946, Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation, Foundations’ Post Doc Pool (Kone Foundation), UI-ART MIDE Program and the aivoAALTO project of the Aalto University, and the Finnish Graduate School of Neuroscience. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: miiamaaria.kujala@gmail.com ¤ Current address: Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028 – CNRS UMR5292, Bron, France
New Design of a Thulium–Aluminum-Doped Fiber Amplifier Based on Macro-Bending Approach

A new method for gain enhancement in a S-band thulium-doped fiber amplifier (TDFA) co-doped with aluminum is demonstrated using a macro-bending approach. The macrobending of the doped fiber in a small radius suppresses both amplified spontaneous emissions (ASEs) at 800 and 1800 nm band and thus increases the population inversion in the S-band region. The numerical aperture and core radius of the doped fiber are optimized so that 800 nm ASE propagates with higher order modes to achieve a significant suppression while the loss is minimum in the S-band region. Meanwhile, the 1050 nm pump wavelength should propagate in the fundamental mode to maximize the overlap factor and thulium ion absorption so that the ASE loss is maximum at the 1800 nm region. Gain enhancements of about 5-8 dB are obtained with macrobending at the wavelength region between 1420 and 1470 nm.
Computing Similarities between Natural Language Descriptions of Knowledge and Skills

This paper explores the problem of computing text similarity utilizing natural language processing. Four parsers are evaluated on a large corpus of skill statements from a corporate expertise taxonomy. A similarity measure utilizing common semantic role features extracted from parse trees was found superior to an information-theoretic measure of similarity and comparable to human judgments of similarity.
Speech Audiometry : The Development of Modern Greek Word Lists for Suprathreshold Word Recognition Testing

The existing suprathreshold word recognition tests in Greece are of limited value in audiometric speech evaluation that is performed in audiology clinics. One reason for this is that none of the lists approximates phonemic balance. Another reason for the limited value of the existing tests is related to word familiarity. In this study, a valid speech test for determining the word recognition score in Modern Greek-speaking populations has been developed. The test material consists of 4 lists, each of which contains 50 open-set bisyllabic words. Monosyllabic words were not included because few exist in the Modern Greek language. The lists are phonemically balanced and are of approximately equal difficulty. Preliminary results of the test in 10 native Greek-speaking subjects whose hearing was within the normal range suggest that the lists are generally equivalent for clinical purposes. This study can be used as a guideline for the development of word recognition score testing materials in other languages. From the Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, Greece
Adsorption of proteins onto surfaces containing end-attached oligo(ethylene oxide): a model system using self-assembled monolayers

This paper reports a study of the adsorption of four proteins-fibrinogen, lysozyme, pyruvate kinase, and RNAse A-to self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold. The SAMs examined were derived from thiols of the structure HS(CH 2 ) 10 R, where R was CH 3 , CH 2 OH, and oligo(ethylene oxide). Monolayers that contained a sufficiently large mole fraction of alkanethiolate groups terminated in oligo(ethylene oxide) chains resisted the kinetically irreversible, nonspecific adsorption of all four proteins. Longer chains of oligo(ethylene oxide) were resistant at lower mole fractions in the monolayer. Resistance to the adsorption of proteins increased with the length of the oligo(ethylene oxide) chain: the smallest mole fraction of chains that prevented adsorption was proportional to n -0.4 , where n represents the number of ethylene oxide units per chain
Influence of particle size and type on 231Pa and 230Th simulation with a global coupled biogeochemical‐ocean general circulation model: A first approach

The oceanic distributions of 231Pa and 230Th are simulated with the global coupled biogeochemical‐ocean general circulation model NEMO‐PISCES. These natural nonconservative tracers, which are removed from the water column by reversible scavenging processes onto particles, have been used to study modern and past ocean circulation. Our model includes three different types of particles: particulate organic matter (POM), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and biogenic silica (BSi). It also considers two particle classes: small particles (POM) that sink slowly (3 m/d) and large particles (POM, CaCO3, BSi) that sink much more rapidly (50 m/d to 200 m/d) in the water column. 231Pa and 230Th are simulated with a reversible scavenging model that uses partition coefficients between dissolved and particulate phases that depend on particle type and size. Model results are then compared with 231Pa and 230Th observations in the water column and modern sediments. A preliminary evaluation of the particle fields simulated by the PISCES model has revealed that particle concentrations are reasonable at the surface but largely underestimated in the deep ocean. Largely to compensate for this, we find it necessary to use partition coefficients that vary as a function of particle size by significantly more that observed to obtain relatively realistic results. In the water column, 231Pa and 230Th fluxes are mainly controlled by the slowly sinking particles and partition coefficients need to be parameterized as a function of particle flux, as suggested by observations. Considering discrepancies between the modeling particle fields and those observed, we were forced to use exaggerated values for partition coefficients in order to get realistic tracer distributions. These 231Pa and 230Th simulations have provided an opportunity to propose some future developments of the PISCES model, in order to make progress in the simulation of trace elements. Assigning calcium carbonate, biogenic silica, and aluminosilicates to the small particle pool represents a credible approach to increase its concentration and subsequently simulate realistic tracer distributions in the water column using reasonable values for the partition coefficients, as well as a realistic fractionation in the sediments at all depths.
NEOTROPICAL BIRD MIGRATION DURING THE ICE AGES: ORIENTATION AND ECOLOGY

ABsTRAcr. -Reconstruction of breeding habitat of North American Neotropical migrants 18,000 years ago and 9,000 years ago indicated major shifts in both location and composition of plant communities relative to present conditions. Increased vegetation in xeric areas may have compensated, at least in part, for the reduction in breeding habitat due to glaciation. Autumnal flights of Neotropical passerine migrants flying on constant headings from North America to Central and South America were simulated under present wind conditions and for winds during periods of glaciation at 18,000 and 9,000 years ago. The 1550 average headings currently observed for Atlantic migrants were found to function well during periods of glaciation and may have been more generally useful during those times than at present. Received 15 June 1994, accepted 27 January 1995.
Simulated Annealing Approach Applied to the Energy Resource Management Considering Demand Response for Electric Vehicles

—The aggregation and management of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) by an Virtual Power Players (VPP) is an important task in a smart grid context. The Energy Resource Management (ERM) of theses DERs can become a hard and complex optimization problem. The large integration of several DERs, including Electric Vehicles (EVs), may lead to a scenario in which the VPP needs several hours to have a solution for the ERM problem. This is the reason why it is necessary to use metaheuristic methodologies to come up with a good solution with a reasonable amount of time. The presented paper proposes a Simulated Annealing (SA) approach to determine the ERM considering an intensive use of DERs, mainly EVs. In this paper, the possibility to apply Demand Response (DR) programs to the EVs is considered. Moreover, a trip reduce DR program is implemented. The SA methodology is tested on a 32-bus distribution network with 2000 EVs, and the SA results are compared with a deterministic technique and particle swarm optimization results.
Testing for a housing bubble at the national and regional level: the case of Israel

Between 2008 and 2013, home prices in Israel appreciated by roughly 50 % in real terms, with increases in nearly 60 % in some regions. This paper examines whether this phenomenon reflects the presence of a national or regional housing bubble by applying econometric tests for explosive behavior to quality-adjusted national- and regional-level data on the home price to rent ratio, while controlling for various fundamental factors, including interest rates, income and the leverage ratio. Overall, study results indicate that the national- and regional-level data are inconsistent with a housing bubble scenario. Most of the results are robust to a variety of tests and alternate specifications. The framework I provide to study the Israeli case may be applied to study other housing markets facing similar developments.
INFLUENCE RANKING BASED ON TILTING WITH APPLICATION TO CLIMATE DATA

The tilting method ranks each observation in terms of its influence on a general statistic, which can be mean, covariance, etc. This approach is based on ‘tilting’ or re-weighting each data value to achieve a given small change of the statistic, while minimizing the total amount of tilt. Then the influence ranking for each data corresponds to the rank of the tilted data weights. The tilting method can be applied to univariate, multivariate, functional or multivariate functional data. It allows for robust analysis and outlier detection. Climate data are intrinsically functional, either temporally or spatially or both. We illustrate the use of the tilting method by applying it to sea surface temperature data and bivariate data of mean monthly temperatures and precipitations recorded at Canadian weather stations.
The Development of Planar Gunn Diodes for the realisation of MMIC Oscillators

This review presents the development of planar Gunn diodes over the last few years for the implementation of millimetre-wave sources. The fabrication procedure incorporates electron beam lithography and the oscillation frequency is determined by the anode-to-cathode distance. The evolution of the material design for the maximisation of the maximum frequency of oscillation and the enhancement of the generated power is presented in this paper. The recent implementation of a planar Gunn diode with a high-electron mobility transistor on the same substrate is also described in this work.
Multiplex PCR−Based Next-Generation Sequencing and Global Diversity of Seoul Virus in Humans and Rats

Seoul virus (SEOV) poses a worldwide public health threat. This virus, which is harbored by Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus rats, is the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans, which has been reported in Asia, Europe, the Americas, and Africa. Defining SEOV genome sequences plays a critical role in development of preventive and therapeutic strategies against the unique worldwide hantavirus. We applied multiplex PCR–based next-generation sequencing to obtain SEOV genome sequences from clinical and reservoir host specimens. Epidemiologic surveillance of R. norvegicus rats in South Korea during 2000–2016 demonstrated that the serologic prevalence of enzootic SEOV infections was not significant on the basis of sex, weight (age), and season. Viral loads of SEOV in rats showed wide dissemination in tissues and dynamic circulation among populations. Phylogenetic analyses showed the global diversity of SEOV and possible genomic configuration of genetic exchanges.