Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Insights into Division of Single Human Cancer Cells On-Chip Transparent

: In vivo , mammalian cells proliferate within 3D environments consisting of numerous microcavities and channels, which contain a variety of chemical and physical cues. External environments often di ﬀ er between normal and pathological states, such as the unique spatial constraints that metastasizing cancer cells experience as they circulate the vasculature through arterioles and narrow capillaries, where they can divide and acquire elongated cylindrical shapes. While metastatic tumors cause most cancer deaths, factors impacting early cancer cell proliferation inside the vasculature and those that can promote the formation of secondary tumors remain largely unknown. Prior studies investigating con ﬁ ned mitosis have mainly used 2D cell culture systems. Here, we mimic aspects of metastasizing tumor cells dividing inside blood capillaries by investigating single-cell divisions of living human cancer cells, trapped inside 3D rolled-up, transparent nanomembranes. We assess the molecular e ﬀ ects of tubular con ﬁ nement on key mitotic features, using optical high- and super-resolution microscopy. Our experiments show that tubular con ﬁ nement a ﬀ ects the morphology and dynamics of the mitotic spindle, chromosome arrangements, and the organization of the cell cortex. Moreover, we reveal that membrane blebbing and/or associated processes act as a potential genome-safety mechanism, limiting the extent of genomic instability caused by mitosis in con ﬁ ned circumstances, especially in tubular 3D microenvironments. Collectively, our study demonstrates the potential of rolled-up nanomembranes for gaining molecular insights into key cellular events occurring in tubular 3D microenvironments in vivo . features of a Fiji plugin developed for automated 3D centrosome mapping and plots of the quanti ﬁ cation of 3D temporal evolution of spindle lengths as indicated by positions of centrosome. Fluorescent (time-lapse) images showing the bipolarized distribution of actin cortex in an RPE1 cell under con ﬁ nement and spindle rotation, centrin1-GFP-expressing HeLa cells showing increased intercentrosome distances, and mis-/proper-placement of cleavage furrow during cytokinesis in HeLa cells with/ without blebbistatin. Confocal images showing the chromosome rosettes formed in blebbistatin-treated free HeLa cells (PDF)
Neurotransmitter release regulated by a MALS-liprin-alpha presynaptic complex.

are intercellular organized by adhesive and that align presynaptic vesicular release with postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors. The MALS/Veli– CASK–Mint-1 complex of PDZ proteins on both sides of the synapse and the potential to link trans-synaptic adhesion molecules to the cytoskeleton. In the MALS protein complex from liprin- a major presynaptic cultures from MALS triple knockout mice due to a presynaptic deﬁcit in vesicle cycling. These ﬁndings are consistent with a model whereby the MALS–CASK–liprin- (cid:1) complex recruits components of the synaptic release machinery to adhesive proteins of the active zone.
Arctic sea ice decline preconditions events of 1 anomalously low sea ice volume export through Fram 2 Strait in the early 21st century

16 Understanding the changes of Fram Strait sea ice volume export and responsible pro- 17 cesses is crucial due to their climate relevance. In this paper we disentangled the pro- 18 cesses driving the interannual variability and trends of the Fram Strait sea ice volume 19 export in the early 21st century (2001-2019) by using dedicated numerical simulations 20 with the support of observations. The signiﬁcant decreasing trend in the sea ice volume 21 export is caused by the persistent thinning trend of Arctic sea ice, while the interannual 22 variability of the volume export is predominantly determined by winds. The interannual 23 variability of the volume export can be mainly attributed to the variation in sea ice drift 24 at Fram Strait, while the variation in Fram Strait sea ice thickness also plays an impor- 25 tant role. As a result, the atmospheric mode that can better represent the wind variabil- 26 ity driving the variability of both the sea ice drift and thickness at Fram Strait can bet- 27 ter explain the variability of the sea ice volume export. The wintertime Arctic Oscilla- 28 tion (AO) and Fram Strait sea ice volume export continue to have a strong linkage in 29 the early 21st century. The persistent thinning of Arctic sea ice preconditions events of 30 anomalously low Fram Strait sea ice volume export. One of the extreme events in re- 31 cent years occurred in 2017/2018. Variation in winds alone would not have caused such 32 an extreme event without the persistent Arctic sea ice thinning. 33
Investigation of Factors and Sub-Factors Influencing Interorganizational Building Information Modeling Adoption

This study investigates factors and sub-factors influencing usage of Building Information Modeling (BIM) at an Interorganizational level. A Grounded Meta-Analysis of thirteen case studies was utilized. An often-cited Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) theory that has demonstrated stability across multiple domains at an organizational level was used as the basis of analysis. The goal was to consistently define the factors outside the basic TOE theory that influence usage of Interorganizational BIM (IBIM). Two categories of factors emerged from the analysis, representing organizational and interorganizational contexts, respectively: basic factors (technology-organization-environment), which are consistent with the TOE theory; and collaborative factors (interoperability-legal-social), which relate to the interdependency of activities beyond organizational boundaries. Results of this study consistently define the IBIM factors while revealing the inadequacy of the TOE theory to addressing the interorganizational BIM. It is important that IBIM users embrace the collaborative category of factors for best realization benefits. The study results provide the potential to extending the TOE theory to adequately address the interdependency of activities beyond organizational boundaries.
Thrombin Activates AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Endothelial Cells via a Pathway Involving Ca 2 (cid:1) /Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase (cid:2)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy state in response to metabolic stress and other regulatory signals. AMPK is controlled by upstream kinases which have recently been identiﬁed as LKB1 or Ca 2 (cid:1) /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (cid:2) (CaMKK (cid:2) ). Our study of human endothelial cells shows that AMPK is activated by thrombin through a Ca 2 (cid:1) -dependent mechanism involving the thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor 1 and G q -protein-mediated phospholipase C activation. Inhibition of CaMKK with STO-609 or downregulation of CaMKK (cid:2) using RNA interference decreased thrombin-induced AMPK activation signiﬁcantly, indicating that CaMKK (cid:2) was the responsible AMPK kinase. In contrast, downregulation of LKB1 did not affect thrombin-induced AMPK activation but abolished phosphorylation of AMPK with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside. Thrombin stimulation led to phosphorylation of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), two downstream targets of AMPK. Inhibition or downregulation of CaMKK (cid:2) or AMPK abolished phosphorylation of ACC in response to thrombin but had no effect on eNOS phosphorylation, indicating that thrombin-stimulated phosphorylation of eNOS is not mediated by AMPK. Our results underline the role of Ca 2 (cid:1) as a regulator of AMPK activation in response to a physiologic stimulation. We also demonstrate that endothelial cells possess two pathways to activate AMPK, one Ca 2 (cid:1) /CaMKK (cid:2) dependent and one AMP/LKB1 dependent.
Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Mesh Routing Protocol using Self-configuring Mechanism for Wireless Mesh Networks

--Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) has started a new trend delivering and supporting Internet Broadband access users. The wireless mesh network exhibits several issues with throughput, security and quality and most of them have been resolved successfully. Thus, there is a great demand and interest on architectures and IEEE standard 802.11s that has created lot of support for predominant mesh routing protocols for wireless mesh networks. In this paper, we evaluate scalable hybrid routing protocol self configuring itself for large scale Wireless Mesh Networks. The concept of agent technology is proposed for self-organizing mechanism for wireless networks based on popular hybrid mesh routing protocol for mesh networks. The incorporation of self organizing module the performance of the network in increased by varying the network size. It can be seen clearly that Self configuring HWMP outperforms when compare to HWMP in terms of throughput and delay when varied with network size and traffic loads.
Suppression and Interference Control in Memory Retrieval

Resolving interference from competing information is a critical factor in memory retrieval. This thesis investigated suppression as the inhibitory mechanism required to select target information among competitors, by examining the effect of aging and the synchrony between circadian arousal and time of testing during interference resolution. Study 1 demonstrated below-baseline suppression of competitors by young adults using a novel paradigm that induced interference based on semantic associations, and showed that the magnitude of suppression was correlated with individual working memory span. Study 2 found no evidence of suppression by older adults, supporting the theory that older adults’ memory deficits are related to impaired inhibitory control. Study 3 tested whether the ability to suppress competing memory traces varies with the synchrony between optimal arousal period and time of testing. Using a variant of the paradigm developed in Study 1, the below-baseline suppression effect for young adults tested at optimal times of day was replicated, and participants tested at non-optimal times of day showed facilitation of competitors instead. Study 4 investigated whether optimal time testing would improve older adults’ inhibitory control to reduce interference. Study 4 did not find evidence of below-baseline suppression for older adults at either testing period, however, older adults demonstrated a facilitation effect at non-optimal times of day similar to that shown by younger adults in Study 3. Lastly, Study 5 aimed to supplement this line of research with iii electrophysiological evidence of differential processing for targets and interfering competitors. Although no behavioral difference in access to competitors was found in Study 5, the neural data demonstrated an ERP signature that may reflect suppression of competing information in interference resolution. Together, these studies converge to show that semantic interference is resolved by inhibitory processes that decrease the accessibility of competitors at retrieval for young adults, but not older adults.
Forestalling Value Added Tax and Personal Income Tax on Economic Growth in Nigeria

: - This paper examined the impact of tax revenue on aggregate and disaggregate on economic growth in Nigeria covering a period of forty years (1979-2018). A purposive sampling technique was also used, adopting aARDL model. The result showed that Value Added Tax (VAT) has significance effect on gross domestic product with coefficient 0.4675 at 5% level of significance. Personal Income Tax (PIT) also has a positive significant effect on economic growth with coefficient 0.1975 with p-value of 5% level of significant. The overall result showed significant effect of tax revenue on aggregate on economic growth. The study then concluded that there is urgent need for government to prioritize her needs as petroleum revenue continues to decrease. Therefore the study recommends that government should try to diversify the economy as revenue generated from petroleum should be used to develop other sectors of income generation. statistically significant impact on economic growth
Investigation of Potential Antioxidants, Thrombolytic and Neuropharmacological Activities of Homalomena aromatica Leaves Using Experimental and In Silico Approaches

: The leaves of Homalomena aromatica are traditionally used in Bangladesh for the treatment of different chronic ailments. The purpose of this study was to explore in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic activities, and in vivo neuropharmacological effects of methanolic extract of Homalomena aromatica (MEHA) leaves. Antioxidant activity of MEHA was assessed by a DPPH free radical scavenging assay and total phenolics content, total ﬂavonoids content were also measured. The thrombolytic activity was determined by percentage of clot lysis and neuropharmacological activities by hole board, tail suspension, forced swimming and elevated plus maze tests. The results showed that the IC 50 value of the extract against DPPH was 199.51 µ g/mL. Quantitative analysis displayed higher contents of phenolics and ﬂavonoids (147.71 mg gallic acid equivalent/g & 66.65 mg quercetin equivalent/g dried extract, respectively). The extract also showed a signiﬁcant clot lysis (33.31%) activity. In case of anxiolytic activity, the elevate plus maze (EPM) test demonstrated an increase in time spent in open arms, and in case of hole board test, the number of head dipping was also signiﬁcantly increased ( p < 0.05). All the test compared with control (1% Tween in water) and standard (diazepam 1 mg/kg), signiﬁcant dose (200 & 400 mg/kg) dependent anxiolytic activity was found. In antidepressant activity, there was a signiﬁcant decrease in period of immobility in both test models (tail suspension and forced swimming) ( p < 0.05). Moreover, 13 compounds were identiﬁed as bioactive, showed good binding afﬁnities to xanthine oxidoreductase, tissue plasminogen activator receptor, potassium channel receptor, human serotonin receptor targets in molecular docking experiments. Furthermore, ADME/T analysis revealed their drug-likeness, likely pharmacological actions and non-toxic upon consumption. Taken together, our ﬁnding support the traditional medicinal use of this plant, which may provide a potential source for future drug discovery.
Partial Purification of Thermophilic Pectinase from Local Isolate Anoxybacillus flavithermus TP-01

Pectinase is an enzyme that can hydrolyze substances of pectin. It has several applications in daily life, for example in juice factories, wine factories, pulp and paper factories, coffee and tea factories that use fermentation. Pectinase consists of pectate lyase, pectin lyase, and polygalacturonase. The aim of this research is to partially purify pectinase protein by ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis. A preliminary test of pectinase activity used halo zone analysis. The partial purification was needed to optimize ammonium sulfate and get the optimal condition in 40–90% of the ammonium sulfate composition. Pectinase activity was measured using DNS method, and the concentration of protein was measured using Bradford method. The result of this partial purification of Anoxybacillus flavithermus TP-01 was 70%. Decreasing od pectinase activity was resulted in this research due to the loss of cofactor. Based on the result, it can be concluded that the pectinase from Anoxybacillus flavithermus TP-01 was polygalacturonase.
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. The OGLE-III Catalog of Variable Stars. XIV. Classical and Type II Cepheids in the Galactic Bulge

The fourteenth part of the OGLE-III Catalog of Variable Stars (OIII-CVS) contains Cepheid variables detected in the OGLE-II and OGLE-III fields toward the Galactic bulge. The catalog is divided into two main categories: 32 classical Cepheids (21 single-mode fundamental-mode F, four first-overtone 1O, two double-mode F/1O, three double-mode 1O/2O and two triple-mode 1O/2O/3O pulsators) and 335 type II Cepheids (156 BL Her, 128 W Vir and 51 RV Tau stars). Six of the type II Cepheids likely belong to the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy. The catalog data include the time-series photometry collected in the course of the OGLE survey, observational parameters of the stars, finding charts, and cross-identifications with the General Catalogue of Variable Stars. We discuss some statistical properties of the sample and compare it with the OGLE catalogs of Cepheids in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. Multi-mode classical Cepheids in the Galactic bulge show systematically smaller period ratios than their counterparts in the Magellanic Clouds. BL Her in the Galactic bulge stars seem to be brighter than the linear extension of the period-luminosity relation defined by the longer-period type II Cepheids. We also show individual stars of particular interest, like two BL Her stars with period doubling.
Forecasting occurrence and quantity of monthly precipitation simultaneously while accounting for complex serial correlation

Tweedie's compound Poisson regression models have been introduced in recent years to model and predict daily, monthly and seasonal precipitation data. Tweedie's compound Poisson regression analysis of precipitation data captures the relationship between the mean structure of precipitation and covariates while accounting for its right‐skewness and zero‐inflation appropriately, and thus extends trend analysis stage of classical time series techniques to handle right‐skewed time series data with possible zero‐inflation. A distinctive advantage of Tweedie's compound Poisson modelling of precipitation data is that the occurrence and quantity of precipitation can be simultaneously modelled using a single distribution; however, this approach ignores serial correlation between precipitation data observed over time. In this study, we propose to accommodate complex correlation structures of time series precipitation data using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models at the next stage as done in the classical time series analysis. Our analyses of monthly precipitation data in Australia demonstrated the usefulness of our two‐stage approach to prediction of precipitation.
Monadic Expressions and their Derivatives

There are several well-known ways to compute derivatives of regular expressions due to Brzozowski, Antimirov or Lombardy and Sakarovitch. We propose another one which abstracts the underlying data structures (e.g. sets or linear combinations) using the notion of monad. As an example of this generalization advantage, we first introduce a new derivation technique based on the graded module monad and then show an application of this technique to generalize the parsing of expressions with capture groups and back references. We also extend operators defining expressions to any n-ary functions over value sets, such as classical operations (like negation or intersection for Boolean weights) or more exotic ones (like algebraic mean for rational weights). Moreover, we present how to compute a (non-necessarily finite) automaton from such an extended expression, using the Colcombet and Petrisan categorical definition of automata. These category theory concepts allow us to perform this construction in a unified way, whatever the underlying monad. Finally, to illustrate our work, we present a Haskell implementation of these notions using advanced techniques of functional programming, and we provide a web interface to manipulate concrete examples.
On the alignment, integration, and testing of the Raman spectrometer for MMX (RAX)

The Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission led by JAXA will conduct remote sensing of both Martian moons Phobos and Deimos and in-situ observations and return samples from Phobos. A small rover will be operating on Phobos’ surface and perform scientific measurements, in particular with its Raman Spectrometer for MMX (RAX). The instrument is jointly developed by DLR with partners from Spain (INTA, University of Valladolid) and Japan (JAXA, University of Tokyo). With its more than 20 optical elements (e.g. laser, lenses, mirrors, grating, dichroic beam-splitters, spectral filters), the optical alignment and integration of this very compact Raman spectrometer was one of the biggest challenges of the instrument development at DLR. This article will cover the different steps of alignment with 1) the integration of the lenses in each individual lens group, 2) the alignment and integration of each lens group to build the spectrometer, and 3) the global alignment verification of the end-to-end instrument. The main goal was to integrate the optical elements in RAX’s mechanical housing providing maximized scientific performance. This meant for example that the detector’s sensitive surface had to be precisely placed at the focal plane surface of the imaging objective to optimize the spectral resolution, but also that the confocality of the laser output (and image on Phobos’ surface) with the spectrometer slit had to be very accurately adjusted to optimize the Signal to Noise Ratio of the Raman features. Aligning and integrating a state-of-the art Raman spectrometer in a very compact volume of less than 10x10x10 cm³ and a mass lower than 1.5 kg was challenging but successful. The different tests performed on the instrument presented here also showed the robustness of the design and demonstrated that RAX can perform excellent scientific measurements on Phobos.
Structural accessibility barriers and service gaps facing refugees with disabilities in the United States

PurposeThe purpose of the scoping study was to understand the experiences of refugees with disabilities and their families in the US from expert service-provider perspectives, including gaps in resources and services. The authors also investigated challenges and opportunities for technology intervention in this space.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted semi-structured interviews with six experts who serve refugees in the United States. The authors asked them about the experiences of refugees with disabilities and their families and inquired into challenges and opportunities for technology access for this population.FindingsThe authors found that refugees and their families are significantly impacted by disabilities and mental health challenges. Additionally, while refugees have access to resources and services, they face a number of structural barriers, including the need to navigate a complex healthcare system, geographic placements that sometimes make it difficult to access employment or healthcare services, and issues with accessing public transit.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of the current study is that the authors did not collect data directly from refugees with disabilities.Practical implicationsThe authors offer several directions for practical improvements based on the findings, including improving structural support for refugees with disabilities and incentivizing health care providers utilizing more culturally aware language services.Originality/valueWhile the number of refugees worldwide has doubled in the past decade and there is consensus that a significant number of refugees experience disabilities and mental health challenges, few projects have looked into the technology needs of refugees with disabilities. The exploratory study provides population-level insights on the experiences and accessibility barriers of refugees with disabilities in the United States.