Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Program analysis to support quality assurance techniques for web applications

As web applications occupy an increasingly important role in our day-to-day lives, testing and analysis techniques that ensure that these applications function with a high level of quality are becoming even more essential. However, many software quality assurance techniques are not directly applicable to modern web applications. Certain characteristics, such as the use of HTTP and generated object programs, can make it difficult to identify software abstractions used by traditional quality assurance techniques. More generally, many of these abstractions are implemented differently in web applications, and the lack of techniques to identify them complicates the application of existing quality assurance techniques to web applications. For my dissertation, I developed program analysis techniques for modern web applications and showed that these techniques can be used to improve quality assurance. The first part of my research focused on the development of a suite of program analysis techniques that identifies useful abstractions in web applications. The second part of my research evaluated whether these program analysis techniques can be used to successfully adapt traditional quality assurance techniques to web applications, improve existing web application quality assurance techniques, and develop new techniques focused on web application-specific issues. My work in quality assurance techniques focused on improving three different areas: generating test inputs, verifying interface invocations, and detecting vulnerabilities. My evaluations of the resulting techniques showed that the use of my program analyses resulted in significant improvements in existing quality assurance techniques and facilitated the development of new useful techniques.
Perimetric Study of Field Defects in Monkeys after Cortical and Retinal Ablations

Monocular visual field defects were studied in two monkeys. In one, the macular retina was destroyed by photocoagulation, producing a central scotoma and consistent 5° eccentric fixation. In a second animal the effects of removal of macular projection area in striate cortex and subsequent photocoagulation of the macula were compared. The cortical operation produced a partial field defect, i.e. a region of diminished sensitivity but not a scotoma, which became with practice much smaller than the region of retina whose primary projection area had been ablated. A 10° eccentric fixation was observed. Following the second, retinal, operation a macular scotoma was demonstrated whose size and position corresponded closely with the area of retinal destruction as determined by photography of the fundus and later histological examination of the retina.
BSLD threshold driven parallel job scheduling for energy efficient HPC centers

Recently, power awareness in high performance computing (HPC) community has increased significantly. While CPU power reduction of HPC applications using Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS) has been explored thoroughly, CPU power management for large scale parallel systems at system level has left unexplored. In this paper we propose a power-aware parallel job scheduler assuming DVFS enabled clusters. Traditional parallel job schedulers determine when a job will be run, power aware ones should assign CPU frequency which it will be run at. We have introduced two adjustable thresholds in order to enable fine grain energy performance trade-off control. Since our power reduction approach is policy independent it can be added to any parallel job scheduling policy. Furthermore, we have done an analysis of HPC system dimension. Running an application at lower frequency on more processors can be more energy efficient than running it at the highest CPU frequency on less processors. This paper investigates whether having more DVFS enabled processors and same load can lead to better energy efficiency and performance. Five workload logs from systems in production use with up to 9 216 processors are simulated to evaluate the proposed algorithm and the dimensioning problem. Our approach decreases CPU energy by 7%- 18% on average depending on allowed job performance penalty. Applying the same frequency scaling algorithm on 20% larger system, CPU energy needed to execute same load can be decreased by almost 30% while having same or better job performance.
Assessment of myocardial blood flow using 15O-water and 1-11C-acetate in rats with small-animal PET.

UNLABELLED This feasibility study was undertaken to determine whether myocardial blood flow (MBF, mL/g/min) could be quantified noninvasively in small rodents using microPET and 15O-water or 1-11C-acetate. METHODS MBF was measured in 18 healthy rats using PET and 15O-water (MBF-W) under different interventions and compared with direct measurements obtained with microspheres (MBF-M). Subsequently, MBF was estimated in 24 rats at rest using 1-11C-acetate (MBF-Ace) and compared with measurements obtained with 15O-water. Using factor analysis, images were processed to obtain 1 blood and 1 myocardial time-activity curve per tracer per study. MBF-W was calculated using a well-validated 1-compartment kinetic model. MBF-Ace was estimated using a simple 1-compartment model to estimate net tracer uptake, K1 (K1 (mL/g/min) = MBF.E; E = first-pass myocardial extraction of 1-11C-acetate) and washout (k2 (min(-1))) along with F(BM) (spillover correction) after fixing F(MM) (partial-volume correction) to values obtained from 15O-water modeling. K1 values were converted to MBF values using a first-pass myocardial extraction/flow relationship measured in rats (E = 1.0-0.74.exp(-1.13/MBF)). RESULTS In the first study, MBF-W correlated well with MBF-M (y = 0.74x + 0.96; n = 18, r = 0.91, P < 0.0001). However, the slope was different than unity, P < 0.05). Refitting of the data after forcing the intercept to be zero resulted in a nonbias correlation between MBF-W and MBF-M (y = 0.95x + 0.0; n = 18, r = 0.86, P < 0.0001) demonstrating that the underestimation of the slope could be attributed to the overestimation of MBF-W for 2 MBF-M values lower than 1.50 mL/g/min. In the second study, MBF-Ace values correlated well with MBF-W with no underestimation of MBF (y = 0.91x + 0.35; n = 24, r = 0.87, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION MBF can be quantified by PET using (15)O-water or 1-11C-acetate in healthy rats. Future studies are needed to determine the accuracy of the methods in low-flow states and to develop an approach for a partial-volume correction when 1-11C-acetate is used.
Statistical detection of the EoR signal

3 Statistics 13 3.1 The 21-cm PDF, its skewness and kurtosis . 13 3.2 The 21-cm PDF from the simulations . 16 3.3 Fitting the 21-cm PDF and the Q distribution . 18 3.4 Skewness and kurtosis results . 23 3.5 The Q distribution and its fitting parameters . 33 3.6 Particular feature: Q = 1/3 . 35 3.7 Evolution of the fitting parameters of the Q distribution with redshift . 37 3.8 Influence of changing parameters on the results . 38
Single-enzyme kinetics of CALB-catalyzed hydrolysis.

Real-time measurement of the catalysis and substrate kinetics of a single-enzyme hydrolysis reaction is demonstrated with confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM; see picture, green = CFM beam). A single lipase is shown to have a broad range of conformations; each conformation contributes to the overall enzymatic activity, an observation that is often masked by ensemble measurements.
Social cognitive theory

A (re)apresentacao da Teoria Social Cognitiva,criada por Albert Bandura, e o reconhecimento daimportância de um saber desenvolvido em decadas depesquisas e estudos por um dos mais significativos eprodutivos pensadores da psicologia. Tornar presenteesse arcabouco teorico e, a um so tempo, introducao eatualizacao do conhecimento psicologico.A proposicao primeira desta producao, dispostaem oito capitulos, e oferecer parte da conceituacao queda suporte ao pensamento de Bandura, bem comoapresentar as origens da Teoria Social Cognitiva e a
Clustering of low usage codons and ribosome movement.

A model is presented in which the distribution of low-usage codons in a message is a major factor in determining the impact that they will have on the translation rate and distribution of ribosomes on that message. This model is based on the assumption that low-usage codons are translated more slowly than normal codons, an assumption supported by various lines of published experimental evidence. Although the parameters used to develop this model are somewhat arbitrary, the main conclusions of this paper are consistent with a wide variation in the values of those parameters. In the model, low-usage codons arranged in clusters are much more effective in blocking ribosome movement on the message than ones that are dispersed. The effective size of the cluster is limited to the dimensions of the ribosome. It has been estimated that ribosomes on a message are spaced at least 27 nucleotides or nine codons apart. A ribosome translating a cluster of nine codons in which some or all of the codons are low-usage will move more slowly than over a comparable stretch of message containing no low-usage codons. Owing to ribosome size, the ribosome immediately behind the stalled ribosome will move as slowly; it must wait for the stalled ribosome to move on before it can even begin to translate the difficult region containing the low-usage codons. When the low-usage codon cluster is at the 3' end, the message will eventually be occupied by a ribosome jam that will transmit back to the 5' end of the message. In the steady state, the slowing effect imposed by a cluster of nine low-usage codons at the 3' end of a message would be just as great as if the entire message was composed of them. If the cluster is situated in the middle of a message, the ribosomes will form a jam upstream of the cluster. The ribosome density downstream of the cluster will be considerably reduced from what it would be for the same message with no cluster. If the cluster is at the 5' end of the message, the density of ribosomes will be reduced over the entire length of the message but the overall translation rate per ribosome will be only slightly reduced. However, owing to the reduced number of ribosomes initiating, the efficiency of the message in protein synthesis will be considerably reduced. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Perceived overall contrast and quality of the tone scale rendering for natural images

Past research has demonstrated the complexity of perceived contrast as an attribute of natural images. This attribute is affected by the tone reproduction characteristics in an imaging system, the observer's viewing environment, and the scene itself. Development of digital photography with new tools to affect tone reproduction prompts the necessity for further insights into parameters that influence the perception of contrast to computationally predict and optimize this attribute for a large variety of individual images. To elucidate the relationship between perceived overall contrast and image properties, we performed a series of experiments where observers estimated perceived overall contrast, defined as an integrated impression of difference in lightness, for images of natural scenes presented on a monitor screen. The ratings were used to develop a computational prediction based on assessment of features, which hypothetically could be used by the subjects' visual system when evaluating perceived overall contrast.
Blame and forgiveness judgements among children, adolescents and adults with autism

We compared the capacity of children, adolescents and adults with and without autism to use (a) intent and severity of consequences information for attributing blame to an offender, and (b) intent and apologies information for inferring willingness to forgive. Participants were presented with two sets of six scenarios obtained by combination of intent and severity (or apology) information, and instructed to indicate appropriate levels of blame (or willingness to forgive). In the blame condition, persons with autism were able to consistently use intent information but not to the same degree as their comparison counterparts. In the forgiveness condition, intent was not taken into account for judging by persons with autism, irrespective of their age.
Cytotoxic effects of the oncolytic herpes simplex virus HSV1716 alone and in combination with cisplatin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Conclusions. HSV1716 alone and combined with cisplatin was efficacious in destroying head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells. Combination treatment with HSV1716 and cisplatin gave additive efficacy. These results indicate that HSV1716 in combination with cisplatin could be of therapeutic value in HNSCC and warrants further investigation. Objectives. HSV1716 is a replication competent herpes simplex virus which selectively replicates and lyses actively dividing cells but not normal or terminally differentiated cells. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of HSV1716 alone and in combination with cisplatin in HNSCC. Materials and methods. Three HNSCC cell lines were studied; UM-SCC 14C, UM-SCC 22A and UM-SCC 22B. The permissivity of HSV1716 in these cell lines was determined using multicycle growth experiments. In vitro, cytotoxicity of HSV1716 and cisplatin was determined using an MTS proliferation assay. Isobologram analysis was used to determine the interaction between HSV1716 and cisplatin combination treatment. Results. The three HNSCC cell lines studied were permissive for HSV1716 replication. Cytotoxicity increased in a dose-dependent fashion in all three cell lines. Cisplatin was non-toxic to the virus. Isobologram analysis showed additive cytotoxicity when HSV1716 was combined with cisplatin in all three cell lines.
High-Level Sprout Geometry Extraction for In Vitro Angiogenesis Assays

We have developed an automated system for the quantitative analysis of in vitro angiogenesis assays. Specifically, the system is designed to analyze fibrin gel bead sprouting assays developed by the laboratory of Dr. Chris Hughes in the Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry at UC Irvine. Our system enumerates sprouts for each bead and calculates the average length for an imaged assay. Our approach reports accurate sprout enumeration when compared with manual counts by an expert observer while significantly reducing the analysis time.
Combined endocrine effects of LHRH agonist (Zoladex®) and tamoxifen (Nolvadex®) therapy in premenopausal women with breast cancer

In premenopausal women with breast cancer, the use of the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist, goserelin, results in the production of serum levels of oestradiol equivalent to those after surgical oöphorectomy or in postmenopausal women. The standard first line hormonal treatment for systemic breast cancer in postmenopausal women is tamoxifen. The combination of goserelin and tamoxifen in premenopausal women has been proposed. We have treated 34 premenopausal breast cancer patients with goserelin (3·6 mg) monthly and tamoxifen (20 mg) twice daily: endocrine data are available on all 34 patients. As with goserelin alone, patients on goserelin and tamoxifen showed transient stimulation of serum follicle stimulating hormone over the first 7–10 days with subsequent low gonadotrophin levels. Serum oestradiol and progesterone levels were reduced to castrate levels in all patients studied; no peaks of serum oestradiol were detected. There is no endocrinological contraindication to the use of goserelin and tamoxifen together in premenopausal women with breast cancer either as adjuvant therapy or in treating advanced disease.
Two new species of Hydnum with ovoid basidiospores: H. ovoideisporum and H. vesterholtii

Two new species of Hydnum, characterized by slender Hydnum rufescens-like basidiomes and ovoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores, are described from the Iberian Peninsula based on morphological and ITS molecular data. Hydnum ovoideisporum is distinguished by pilei with deep orange tones and strong preference for calcareous soil. It is widespread in the Iberian-Mediterranean area. Hydnum vesterholtii is characterized by its ocher to light ocher pileus, and nearly all the collections were made in the Pyrenees. Both ovoid-spored species are monophyletic well supported groups in the maximum parsimony and Bayesian ITS phylogenies, while the remainder of the samples assigned to H. rufescens s.l. and having globose basidiospores split into six well supported clades. The need to typify the name Hydnum rufescens is discussed, and a provisional key is given for the European taxa of Hydnum.
Vegetation responses to season of fire in an aseasonal, fire-prone fynbos shrubland

Season of fire has marked effects on floristic composition in fire-prone Mediterranean-climate shrublands. In these winter-rainfall systems, summer-autumn fires lead to optimal recruitment of overstorey proteoid shrubs (non-sprouting, slow-maturing, serotinous Proteaceae) which are important to the conservation of floral diversity. We explored whether fire season has similar effects on early establishment of five proteoid species in the eastern coastal part of the Cape Floral Kingdom (South Africa) where rainfall occurs year-round and where weather conducive to fire and the actual incidence of fire are largely aseasonal. We surveyed recruitment success (ratio of post-fire recruits to pre-fire parents) of proteoids after fires in different seasons. We also planted proteoid seeds into exclosures, designed to prevent predation by small mammals and birds, in cleared (intended to simulate fire) fynbos shrublands at different sites in each of four seasons and monitored their germination and survival to one year post-planting (hereafter termed 'recruitment'). Factors (in decreasing order of importance) affecting recruitment success in the post-fire surveys were species, pre-fire parent density, post-fire age of the vegetation at the time of assessment, and fire season, whereas rainfall (for six months post-fire) and fire return interval (>7 years) had little effect. In the seed-planting experiment, germination occurred during the cooler months and mostly within two months of planting, except for summer-plantings, which took 2-3 months longer to germinate. Although recruitment success differed significantly among planting seasons, sites and species, significant interactions occurred among the experimental factors. In both the post-fire surveys and seed planting experiment, recruitment success in relation to fire- or planting season varied greatly within and among species and sites. Results of these two datasets were furthermore inconsistent, suggesting that proteoid recruitment responses are not related to the season of fire. Germination appeared less rainfall-dependent than in winter-rainfall shrublands, suggesting that summer drought-avoiding dormancy is limited and has less influence on variation in recruitment success among fire seasons. The varied response of proteoid recruitment to fire season (or its simulation) implies that burning does not have to be restricted to particular seasons in eastern coastal fynbos, affording more flexibility for fire management than in shrublands associated with winter rainfall.
Utility of an internal control for the polymerase chain reaction

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a 209 base‐pair fragment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA. The amplicon was transferred into a plasmid and a 680 base‐pair piece of foreign DNA was inserted between the two amplimer sites. Plasmid DNA was added to the reaction mixture as an internal control for the polymerase chain reaction. Since the original hybridization target sites were included in this construction, one pair of amplimers could be used to amplify both the target DNA and the internal control DNA. Separation of internal control from target DNA after amplification was easily obtained on agarose gel electrophoresis. For the analysis of clinical samples with the polymerase chain reaction, the addition of internal control DNA allowed monitoring of the overall effectiveness of the amplification in each tube. With this technique approximately one‐third of the tests were shown to be unsatisfactory due to technical errors or contaminating inhibitors. Adequate internal controls are necessary to avoid false‐negative results with the polymerase chain reaction.
The Experience of Participation in Everyday Occupations for Adults with Obesity

Background. Participation in occupations of everyday life, such as self-care, work, and leisure, contribute to health and well-being. Obesity has been shown to influence health-related quality of life, but it is unclear how obesity influences participation in specific occupations. Purpose. To describe the lived experience of adults with class III obesity and the associated impact on participation in occupations of daily living. Methods. Ten adults enrolled in an obesity treatment program were interviewed. Data were interpreted using descriptive phenomenological methods. Findings. Participants underscored the tensions, barriers, and coping strategies across and within specific occupations. Although participation across occupations of daily living was described, the quality and diversity of occupations was influenced by real and perceived barriers within the environment. Implications. Participation in daily occupations is limited for persons with class III obesity. Intervention approaches should address health-related concerns and consider environmental adaptations that facilitate meaningful engagement in everyday life.
Vision-based probabilistic absolute position sensor

Many industrial applications require to determine the absolute position of an extended surface without modifying or touching the target object. This contribution presents a concept for an optical absolute position sensor based on an off the shelf camera, operating perpendicular to an extended surface over long strokes, as necessary e.g. for piston actuators. The proposed sensor uses a Particle Filter to measure the absolute position within an once-only learned global feature map with low memory footprint, which is achieved by using an adapted feature detector. The probabilistic approach allows for certain robustness against false feature detection and enables fast recovery after power loss without the need for a referencing movement. The absolute position is detected with sub-millimeter accuracy over a stroke of 100 mm.
Synthesis of Nanocatalysts via Reverse Microemulsion Route for Fischer-Tropsch Reactions

Catalysts used for the Fischer-Tropsch reaction are generally based on iron and cobalt (Khodakov et al., 2007). Ruthenium is an active catalyst for FT but is not economically feasible due to its high cost and insufficient reserves worldwide. Iron has been the traditional catalyst of choice for FT reaction. It is reactive and the most economical catalyst for synthesis of clean fuel from the synthesis gas mixture. Compared to cobalt, iron tends to produce more olefins and also catalyzes the water-gas shift reaction (Equation 2). Iron catalyst is usually employed in the high-temperature (573-623 K) FT operating mode (Steynberg, et al., 1999).