Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and design of the first structured clinic-based program in lower resource settings to transition emerging adults with type 1 diabetes from pediatric to adult care

Introduction Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is increasing in young people worldwide and more children in resource limited settings are living into adulthood. There is a need for rigorous testing and reporting of evidence-based and stakeholder-informed strategies that transition individuals with T1D from pediatric to adult care. We present the development of and design of the first structured transition program in Delhi, India, to inform similar efforts in India and resource limited settings. Methods The intervention development team included clinicians and researchers with expertise in T1D and the implementation context. To select intervention outcomes, establish intervention targets, and design session modules, we drew upon formative research conducted at prospective intervention implementation sites, consensus guidelines, and previous care transition and behavior change research conducted in developed settings. We used the Template for Intervention Description and Replication and GUIDance for the rEporting of intervention Development checklists to report the intervention and development process. Results The 15-month program (“PATHWAY”) includes five quarterly ~30 minute sessions delivered predominantly by diabetes educators at pediatric and adult clinics, which coincide with routine care visits. Primary program components include educational and behavioral sessions that address psychosocial drivers of clinic attendance and self-management, diabetes educators as transition coordinators and counselors, and a one-year “overlap period” of alternating visits between pediatric and adult providers. Conclusions We followed a systematic and transparent process to develop PATHWAY, which facilitated rich description of intervention context, guiding principles, targets, and components. Dependence on previously published program examples to design PATHWAY may have introduced challenges for program feasibility and effectiveness, underscoring the importance of input gathering from prospective intervention actors at multiple points in the development process. This detailed report in combination with future evaluations of PATHWAY support efforts to increase rigorous development and testing of strategies to improve outcomes among emerging adults with T1D.
Comprehensive Network Pharmacological Analysis and In Vitro Verification Reveal the Potential Active Ingredients and Potential Mechanisms of Frankincense and Myrrh in Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: Frankincense and myrrh (FM) are often used together to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, the underlying mechanism of its treatment of KOA remains unclear. Objective: To analyze the active components of FM through network pharmacology and in vitro experiments, and to explore its potential therapeutic mechanism in the treatment of KOA. Materials and methods: The protein mapping relationship between potential drug targets and disease targets was screened and constructed through the database. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using R software. Discovery Studio software was used to perform molecular docking. The active components of FM were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In addition, experimental verification was carried out by Cell Counting Kit-8 detection, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. Results: Combining the results of network pharmacology and LC-MS, 31 active compounds and 94 target genes of FM were identified. The common genes of FM and KOA suggest that FM exerts anti-KOA effect by regulating genes such as Transcription factor Jun (JUN), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), Transcription factor p65 (RELA), and Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1). GO enrichment analysis showed that FM exerted therapeutic effects on KOA by regulating biological processes such as cell proliferation, cell migration, and apoptosis. In addition, KEGG enrichment analysis involved signaling pathways such as fluid shear stress, the TNF, PI3K-Akt, NF-κB, and MAPK. Consistently, in vivo experiments showed that FM inhibited IL-1β-induced MAPK activation and attenuated inflammation in mouse chondrocytes. Furthermore, FM inhibited IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of p65 and the process of p65 translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Conclusions: Our results provide conclusive evidence and deepen the current understanding of FM in the treatment of KOA and further support its clinical application.
Susceptibilities and speed of sound from the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model

We present the Taylor expansion coefficients of the pressure in quark number chemical potential ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{0}={\ensuremath{\mu}}_{B}/3={\ensuremath{\mu}}_{u}={\ensuremath{\mu}}_{d}$, for the strongly interacting matter as described by the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model for two light degenerate flavors of quarks $u$ and $d$. The expansion has been done up to eighth order in ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{0}$, and the results are consistent with recent estimates from Lattice. We have further obtained the specific heat ${C}_{V}$, squared speed of sound ${v}_{s}^{2}$, and the conformal measure $\mathcal{C}$.
Design of Novel Nanoparticles for Thin-film Solar Cells

We use Gielis’ superformula with a small number of parameters to define a wide variety of 3D geometries ranging from common shapes like sphere, cube, octahedron and cylinder to highly complex structures. This allows us to search for the optimal shape of nanoparticles embedded in the rear dielectric layer of thin-film solar cells by employing an evolutionary algorithm to maximize the short circuit current density. By using this optimization technique, we have found a lens-like nanoparticle capable of improving the short circuit current density to 19.11 mA/cm2. Compared with an advanced two-scale nanospherical configuration that was recently reported to synthesize the merits of large and small spheres into a single structure, our new design has achieved a further 3.3% improvement in the short circuit current density. In addition, the novel nanoparticle we have obtained is much more fabrication-friendly due to its simple shape and tolerance to geometrical distortions. As alternatives, novel starfish-like nanomorphologies with four, six or eight arms are also found from the optimization to have large short circuit current density.
Nanofiber Carriers of Therapeutic Load: Current Trends

The fast advancement in nanotechnology has prompted the improvement of numerous methods for the creation of various nanoscale composites of which nanofibers have gotten extensive consideration. Nanofibers are polymeric/composite fibers which have a nanoscale diameter. They vary in porous structure and have an extensive area. Material choice is of crucial importance for the assembly of nanofibers and their function as efficient drug and biomedicine carriers. A broad scope of active pharmaceutical ingredients can be incorporated within the nanofibers or bound to their surface. The ability to deliver small molecular drugs such as antibiotics or anticancer medications, proteins, peptides, cells, DNA and RNAs has led to the biomedical application in disease therapy and tissue engineering. Although nanofibers have shown incredible potential for drug and biomedicine applications, there are still difficulties which should be resolved before they can be utilized in clinical practice. This review intends to give an outline of the recent advances in nanofibers, contemplating the preparation methods, the therapeutic loading and release and the various therapeutic applications.
Vlog Content and YouTuber Image on the Decision to Donate with Awareness of Donating as an Intervening Variable

The development of information technology impacts the pattern of society in collecting social funds. One of the popular technologies used in social fundraising efforts is YouTube. This research is in the form of field research which aims to analyze the effect of vlog content and YouTuber image on the decision to donate with the awareness of donating as an intervening variable. This study uses quantitative methods. Sources of data were obtained through research questionnaires which were distributed directly. A total of 110 questionnaires were successfully collected. Funds were analyzed using a variant-based structural equation model (SEM) analysis, known as Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of data analysis prove that vlog content, and YouTuber imagery have a significant influence on awareness of donation. This research also confirms that the vlog content and YouTube image affect the decision to donate through awareness to donate. Furthermore, awareness of donating is proven to significantly influence the decision to donate.
Four types of RNA modification writers predict the prognosis of prostate cancer

RNA modification is an important part of epigenetic regulation. However, the relationship between RNA modification writers and prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. We obtained transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas; the expression of writers for four RNA modifications (N6‐methyladenosine, N1‐methyladenosine, alternative polyadenylation and adenosine‐to‐inosine RNA editing) was altered in PCa tissue when compared with normal tissue. RNA modification writers affect the expression of immune checkpoints. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that the RNA modification was related to the cell cycle. Hub genes were screened using machine learning, and a risk score model was established using multivariate Cox analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed that a risk score model based on RNA modification writers could be an independent prognostic factor for PCa. In conclusion, our study showed that RNA modification writers are differentially expressed in PCa and might influence the development of PCa by regulating immune checkpoints and the cell cycle. The risk score model of RNA modification writers is predicted to be an independent prognostic factor for PCa. Thus, RNA modification writers might be used as potential indicators for the clinical diagnosis of PCa.
Elemental Abundance Variations and Chemical Enrichment from Massive Stars in Starbursts. II. NGC 1569

We present a long-slit optical spectrophotometric survey covering 0.05 kpc2 in the nearby irregular "post-starburst" galaxy NGC 1569 to search for chemical gradients and inhomogeneities in the interstellar medium. Despite the presence of two massive evolved star clusters and numerous H II regions, we find no evidence for chemical gradients or inhomogeneities that may be attributed to enrichment from the recent star formation activity. The chemical properties at all locations are consistent with the results from the highest signal-to-noise ratio spectra: 12 + log (O/H) = 8.19 ± 0.02, log (N/O) = -1.39 ± 0.05, He/H = 0.080 ± 0.003. No localized chemical self-enrichment ("pollution") from massive star evolution is found, even though the data are sensitive to the chemical yields from as few as two or three massive stars. Flat chemical abundance profiles appear to be the rule rather than the exception in low-mass galaxies, even though the expected yield of heavy elements produced by massive stars in young starbursts is substantial. Based on a typical IMF, a dynamical mass of ~3 × 105 M☉, and an age of 20 Myr, roughly 450 stars in excess of 20 M☉ should have already exploded as supernovae within the star cluster, A, in NGC 1569, releasing ~1000 M☉ of oxygen and ~8 M☉ of nitrogen. Strong chemical signatures in the surrounding interstellar material should be detected unless one or more of the following are true: (1) different star-forming regions throughout the studied galaxies "conspire" to keep star formation rates and global abundances uniform at all times; (2) ejecta from stellar winds and supernovae are transported to all corners of the galaxy on timescales of <107 yr and are mixed instantaneously and uniformly; or (3) freshly synthesized elements remain unmixed with the surrounding interstellar medium and reside in a hard-to-observe hot 106 K phase or a cold, dusty, molecular phase. We advance the third scenario as the most plausible, and we suggest ways to locate the chemical products of massive star formation in starburst galaxies. Any successful model for chemical enrichment in these systems must be able to reproduce the appearance of chemical homogeneity on spatial scales of ~20-1000 pc and on temporal scales that are longer than the lifetimes of prominent H II regions (~107 yr). Such long timescales imply that the instantaneous recycling approximation sometimes used in galactic chemical evolution modeling is not generally applicable.
Covid-19 Diagnosis by Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix and Genetic Algorithm

Currently, improving the identification of COVID-19 with the help of computer vision and artificial intelligence has received great attention from researchers. This paper proposes a novel method for automatic detection of COVID-19 based on chest CT to help radiologists improve the speed and reliability of tests for diagnosing COVID-19. Our algorithm is a hybrid approach based on the Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix and Genetic Algorithm. The Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) was used to extract CT scan image features, GA algorithm was used as an optimizer, and a feedforward neural network was used as a classifier. Finally, we use 296 chest CT scan images to evaluate the detection performance of our proposed method. To more accurately evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm, 10-run 10-fold cross-validation was introduced. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of Sensitivity, Accuracy, F1, MCC, and FMI.
Development of advanced nodal diffusion methods for modern computer architectures

A family of highly efficient multidimensional multigroup advanced neutron diffusion nodal methods, ILLICO, have been implemented on sequential, vector, and vector-concurrent computers. Three dimensional realistic benchmark problems can be solved in vectorized mode in less than 0.73 s (33.86 Mflops) on a Cray X-MP/48. Vector-concurrent implementations yield speedups as high as 9.19 on an Alliant FX/8. These results show that the ILLICO method preserves essentially all of its speed advantage (previously demonstrated on scalar computers) over finite difference methods. A self-consistent higher order nodal diffusion method has been developed and implemented. The method is shown to yield results nearly as accurate (0.02% maximum relative assembly power errors) as those of very fine mesh finite difference methods, using an assembly size coarse mesh. The method was applied to a numerical study of the transverse leakage approximation. Nodal methods for global nuclear reactor multigroup diffusion calculations which account explicitly for heterogeneities in the assembly nuclear properties have been developed and evaluated. A systematic analysis of the zero order variable cross section nodal method has been conducted. Analyzing the KWU PWR depletion benchmark problem, it is shown that when burnup heterogeneities arise, ordinary nodal methods, which do not explicitly treat the heterogeneities, suffer a significant systematic error that accumulates. It has been recognized that the use of in-node spatially variable material properties is incompatible with the current homogenization methods. A procedure for generating generalized spatially variable nodal cross sections has therefore been devised. A nodal method which treats explicitly the space dependence of diffusion coefficients has been developed and implemented. It is shown to be effective in problems where very strong heterogeneities occur. A consistent burnup correction method for nodal microscopic depletion analysis has been developed. The new method makes extremely accurate and computationally highly efficient one node per assembly depletion computations possible. The nodal depletion method is benchmarked on the KWU 2-cycle PWR depletion problem. The results compare very well to the published results obtained with expensive commercially available depletion codes like VENTURE, SIMULATE-3, and NEM-BC.
Closing the Grammarly Gaps: A Study of Claims and Feedback from an Online Grammar Program

From 2012 to 2015, the online grammar program Grammarly ® was claimed to complement writing center services by 1. increasing student access to writing support; and 2. addressing sentence-level issues, such as grammar. To test if Grammarly ® could close these two gaps in writing center services, this article revisits the results of a Spring 2014 study that compared Grammarly ® ’s comment cards to the written feedback of 10 asynchronous online consultants. The results showed that both Grammarly ® and some consultants strayed from effective practices regarding limiting feedback, avoiding technical language, and providing accurate information about grammatical structure. However, the consultants’ weaknesses could be addressed with enhanced or focused training, and their strengths allowed for important learning opportunities that enable student access to information across mediums and help students establish connections between their sentences and the larger whole. This article concludes that each writing center should consider their own way of closing these gaps and offers suggestions for multiple consultation genres, new services, and strategies for sentence-level concerns.
The Influence of Case and Word Order in Child and Adult Processing of Relative Clauses in Greek

Previous cross-linguistic studies have shown that object relative clauses (ORCs) are typically harder to parse than subject relative clauses (SRCs). The cause of difficulty, however, is still under debate, both in the adult and in the developmental literature. The present study investigates the on-line processing of SRCs and ORCs in Greek-speaking 11- to 12-year-old children and adults, and provides evidence on relative clause processing in Greek—a free word order language. We conducted a self-paced listening task in which we manipulated the type of relative clause (SRC vs. ORC), the RC internal word order (canonical vs. scrambled), and the type of relativizer (relative pronoun vs. complementizer). The results showed that SRCs were overall processed faster than ORCs, providing evidence that children follow similar processing strategies to adults. In addition, accusative case marking facilitated the processing of non-canonical structures in adults but less so in children. Children showed heavy reliance on word order, as they processed nominative and accusative pre-verbal NPs in exactly the same way, while they were strongly garden-pathed in ORCs with post-verbal nominative NPs. We argue that these results are compatible with the Competition Model.
Effect of seasonal and lunar cycle variability on phytoconstituents of Calotropis Procera (Ait.) R. Br. Aerial parts

Calotropis procera is wild, evergreen plant belongs to Asclepiadaceae family and used in an Indian traditional system of medicine since ancient times. C. procera employed the drug bestowed with R. asaviryadi (therapeutic principle and potency ) quality must be collected to achieve good therapeutic results. Therefore, advocate the collection practice and seasonality that may affect qualitatively and quantitatively to the drug. This is because moonlight is stronger than sunlight. The study aims at seasonal and lunar based aerial parts collection, extraction and quantitative phytochemical analysis. This study found a significant shift in the production of bioactive metabolites during the lunar cycle (full moon and new moon). Results revealed maximum carbohydrate and protein content were found in leaves and floral at PSFM respectively. Flavanoid (76.89±1.02 mg g -1 ) and phenolics (84.41±1.09 mg g -1 ) values were higher in leaves at PWFM and PWNM while tannin and cardiac glycoside (80.67±1.44 mg g -1 ) attained maximum content at PRFM and PSFM in buds respectively. The study of lunar and seasonal based variations of C. procera phytoconstituents emphasize that effective and concentrated drugs can be extracted during the full moon to treat various diseases globally including local people with a minimum exploitation rate.
Exposure to Green, Blue and Historic Environments and Mental Well-Being: A Comparison between Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Display and Flat Screen Exposure

Improving the mental health of urban residents is a global public health priority. This study builds on existing work that demonstrates the ability of virtual exposure to restorative environments to improve population mental health. It compares the restorative effects of green, blue and historic environments delivered by both flat screen and immersive virtual reality technology, and triangulates data from psychological, physiological and qualitative sources. Results from the subjective measure analyses showed that exposures to all the experimental videos were associated with self-reported reduced anxiety and improved mood, although the historic environment was associated with a smaller reduction of anxiety (p < 0.01). These results were supported by the qualitative accounts. For two of the electroencephalography (EEG) frequency bands, higher levels of activity were observed for historic environments. In relation to the mode of delivery, the subjective measures did not suggest any effect, while for the EEG analyses there was evidence of a significant effect of technology across three out of four frequency bands. In conclusion, this study adds to the evidence that the benefits of restorative environments can be delivered through virtual exposure and suggests that virtual reality may provide greater levels of immersion than flat screen viewing.
Cut problems and their application to divide-and-conquer

Divide-and-conquer is one of the most basic techniques in the design and analysis of algorithms, and yet, until recently, there have been essentially no performance guarantees known for approximation algorithms based on this approach. This chapter will present approximation algorithms for several NP - hard graph-theoretic cut problems, and their subsequent application as a tool for the “divide” part of divide-and-conquer approximation algorithms for a wide variety of problems
Unique Features of River Lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) Myogenesis

The river lamprey (L. fluviatilis) is a representative of the ancestral jawless vertebrate group. We performed a histological analysis of trunk muscle fiber differentiation during embryonal, larval, and adult musculature development in this previously unstudied species. Investigation using light, transmission electron (TEM), and confocal microscopy revealed that embryonal and larval musculature differs from adult muscle mass. Here, we present the morphological analysis of L. fluviatilis myogenesis, from unsegmented mesoderm through somite formation, and their differentiation into multinucleated muscle lamellae. Our analysis also revealed the presence of myogenic factors LfPax3/7 and Myf5 in the dermomyotome. In the next stages of development, two types of muscle lamellae can be distinguished: central surrounded by parietal. This pattern is maintained until adulthood, when parietal muscle fibers surround the central muscles on both sides. The two types show different morphological characteristics. Although lampreys are phylogenetically distant from jawed vertebrates, somite morphology, especially dermomyotome function, shows similarity. Here we demonstrate that somitogenesis is a conservative process among all vertebrates. We conclude that river lamprey myogenesis shares features with both ancestral and higher vertebrates.