Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide- and Lipoprotein-Induced Inflammation by Antitoxin Peptide Pep19-2.5

The most potent cell wall-derived inflammatory toxins (“pathogenicity factors”) of Gram-negative and -positive bacteria are lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (endotoxins) and lipoproteins (LP), respectively. Despite the fact that the former signals via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the latter via TLR2, the physico-chemistry of these compounds exhibits considerable similarity, an amphiphilic molecule with a polar and charged backbone and a lipid moiety. While the exterior portion of the LPS (i.e., the O-chain) represents the serologically relevant structure, the inner part, the lipid A, is responsible for one of the strongest inflammatory activities known. In the last years, we have demonstrated that antimicrobial peptides from the Pep19-2.5 family, which were designed to bind to LPS and LP, act as anti-inflammatory agents against sepsis and endotoxic shock caused by severe bacterial infections. We also showed that this anti-inflammatory activity requires specific interactions of the peptides with LPS and LP leading to exothermic reactions with saturation characteristics in calorimetry assays. Parallel to this, peptide-mediated neutralization of LPS and LP involves changes in various physical parameters, including both the gel to liquid crystalline phase transition of the acyl chains and the three-dimensional aggregate structures of the toxins. Furthermore, the effectivity of neutralization of pathogenicity factors by peptides was demonstrated in several in vivo models together with the finding that a peptide-based therapy sensitizes bacteria (also antimicrobial resistant) to antibiotics. Finally, a significant step in the understanding of the broad anti-inflammatory function of Pep19-2.5 was the demonstration that this compound is able to block the intracellular endotoxin signaling cascade.
Combined Shared and Dedicated Resource Allocation for D2D Communication

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is an effective technology enhancing spectral efficiency and network throughput of contemporary cellular networks. Typically, the users exploiting D2D reuse the same radio resources as common cellular users (CUEs) that communicate through a base station. This mode is known as shared mode. Another option is to dedicate specific amount of resources exclusively for the D2D users in so- called a dedicated mode. In this paper, we propose novel combined share/dedicated resource allocation scheme enabling the D2D users to utilize the radio resources in both modes simultaneously. To that end, we propose a graph theory-based framework for efficient resource allocation. Within this framework, neighborhood relations between the cellular users and the D2D users and between the individual D2D users are derived to form graphs. Then, the graphs are decomposed into subgraphs to identify resources, which can be reused by other users so that capacity of the D2D users is maximized. The results show that the sum D2D capacity is increased from 1.67 and 2.5 times (depending on a density of D2D users) when compared to schemes selecting only between shared or dedicated modes.
Toxin genes and cytotoxicity levels detected in Bacillus cereus isolates collected from cooked food products delivered by Swiss Army catering facilities

Heated food is known to be often contaminated with B. cereus, leading to cases of diarrhoeal or emetic diseases. Battalion kitchens or army catering facilities present a food safety risk, as temperature abuse and long storage time can result in serious public health problems affecting a high number of served people. In contrast to civil catering facilities, no microbiological monitoring systems are currently implemented in Swiss military kitchens. In this study toxin gene profiles and cytotoxicity levels of 21 isolates of B. cereus originating from six different food categories were determined. Nearly all isolates (95%) harbored the nhe gene, whereas no hbl could be detected. Seven isolates displayed the cytK2 gene and one cereulide-producer was isolated out of vegetables. While most isolates displayed low cytotoxicity, highly cytotoxic strains were detected, with three isolates even exceeding the cytotoxicity level of the reference strain for high-level toxin production, underpinning that cytotoxicity cannot be deduced only from presence or absence of toxin genes. These findings further underline the importance of rapid cooling of foods or maintenance over 65°C before serving. This is especially important in mass catering facilities, such as military kitchens, in which food is often prepared a long time in advance.
Study of Online Health Discussion Fora for the Detection of Medication Misuses

Misuses occur when patients do not respect prescriptions and commit actions which can lead to harmful results. Even if such situations are dangerous, patients do not inform medical doctors about such events. To obtain some information on misuses, it becomes necessary to study other sources of information. We propose to concentrate on discussion fora. The purpose of our work is to explore health fora with machine learning methods and to identify messages where users describe or mention drug misuses. Our approach detects the mesuses with up to 0.773 F-measure. This approach can help in routine detection of misuses and to provide material exploitable by health professionals.
Minimizing Power Consumption in Virtualized Cellular Networks

Cellular network nodes should be dynamically switched on/off based on the load requirements of the network, to save power and minimize inter-cell interference. This should be done keeping into account global interference effects, which requires a centralized approach. In this paper, we present an architecture, realized within the Flex5GWare EU project, that manages a large-scale cellular network, switching on and off nodes based on load requirements and context data. We describe the architectural framework and the optimization model that is used to decide the activity state of the nodes. We present simulation results showing that the framework adapts to the minimum power level based on the cell loads.
Repartitioning of the ComplexWebQuestions Dataset

Recently, Talmor and Berant (2018) introduced ComplexWebQuestions - a dataset focused on answering complex questions by decomposing them into a sequence of simpler questions and extracting the answer from retrieved web snippets. In their work the authors used a pre-trained reading comprehension (RC) model (Salant and Berant, 2018) to extract the answer from the web snippets. In this short note we show that training a RC model directly on the training data of ComplexWebQuestions reveals a leakage from the training set to the test set that allows to obtain unreasonably high performance. As a solution, we construct a new partitioning of ComplexWebQuestions that does not suffer from this leakage and publicly release it. We also perform an empirical evaluation on these two datasets and show that training a RC model on the training data substantially improves state-of-the-art performance.
Bioavailable Iron and Vitamin A in Newly Formulated, Extruded Corn, Soybean, Sorghum, and Cowpea Fortified-Blended Foods in the In Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Cell Model

Abstract Background Fortified-blended foods (FBFs), particularly corn-soybean blend (CSB), are food aid products distributed in developing countries. The US Agency for International Development food aid quality review recommended developing extruded FBFs with the use of alternative commodities such as sorghum. Objective The objective of the study was to determine bioavailable iron and vitamin A content from newly developed extruded corn, soybean, sorghum, and cowpea FBFs compared with the nonextruded traditional food aid FBFs, corn-soy blend 13 (CSB13) and corn-soy blend plus (CSB+). Methods Eleven extruded FBFs—sorghum-cowpea (n = 7), sorghum-soy (n = 3), and corn-soy (n = 1)—along with 2 nonextruded FBFs—CSB13 and CSB+, and Cerelac (Nestlé), a commercially available fortified infant food, were prepared. Bioavailable iron and vitamin A contents were assessed by using the in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model. Dry FBFs, aqueous fractions, and Caco-2 cell pellet vitamin A contents were analyzed by HPLC. Dry FBF and aqueous fraction iron contents were measured by atomic absorptiometry, and bioavailable iron was assessed by measuring Caco-2 ferritin contents via ELISA. Results Iron and vitamin A concentrations in Cerelac and dry FBFs ranged from 8.0 to 31.8 mg/100 g and 0.3 to 1.67 mg/100 g, respectively. All of the extruded FBFs contained 4- to 7-fold significantly higher (P < 0.05) aqueous fraction iron concentrations compared with CSB13 and CSB+. However, there were no significant differences in Caco-2 cell ferritin and vitamin A concentrations between extruded FBFs, nonextruded FBFs, and or the basal salt solution negative control. Conclusion Results support the theory that the consumption of newly developed extruded sorghum-cowpea, sorghum-soy, and corn-soy FBFs would result in iron and vitamin A concentrations comparable to traditional nonextruded CSB13 and CSB+ FBFs.
The Spin Seebeck and Spin Peltier Reciprocal Relation

We derive the reciprocal relation between electric and thermal quantities of the spin Seebeck and the spin Peltier effects. For a Pt/yttrium-iron garnet bilayer device, the reciprocity assumes the remarkably simple form <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T \Delta V_{e,y}/I_{q,x} = \Delta T_{\text{SP},x}/I_{e,y}$</tex-math> </inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta V_{e,y}$</tex-math></inline-formula> is the voltage generated at the Pt metal in a spin Seebeck experiment under the heat current <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{q,x}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta T_{\text{SP},x}$</tex-math></inline-formula> is the temperature difference generated in a spin Peltier experiment with an electric current <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{e,y}$</tex-math></inline-formula> flowing in the Pt metal. The ratios are related to intrinsic coefficients: the spin Hall angle <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\theta _{{\rm SH}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> of Pt and the thermomagnetic power coefficient <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\epsilon _M$</tex-math></inline-formula> of yttrium-iron garnet.
DISC-FETs: Dual Independent Stacked Channel Field-Effect Transistors

We experimentally demonstrate a 3D field-effect transistor (FET) architecture leveraging emerging nanomaterials: Dual Independent Stacked Channel FET (DISC-FET). DISC-FET is comprised of two FET channels vertically integrated on separate circuit layers separated by a shared gate. This gate modulates the conductance of both FET channels simultaneously, although the stacked channels are independent, i.e., n-type or p-type with separate source and drain terminals separately accessed via routing. This 3D FET architecture enables new opportunities for area-efficient 3D circuit layouts. The key to enabling DISC-FET is low temperature processing to avoid damaging lower-layer circuits during upper-layer circuit fabrication. As a case study, we use carbon nanotube (CNT) FETs (CNFETs), since they can be fabricated at low temperature (e.g., <250 °C). We demonstrate wafer-scale CMOS CNFET-based digital logic circuits: 2-input “not–or” (NOR2) logic gates designed using DISC-FETs with independent NMOS CNT channels below and PMOS CNT channels above a shared gate. Our NOR2 gates achieve: 1) average output voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {OUT}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>) range of 94% of the supply voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {DD}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>) for input voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {IN}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>) ranging from 0 V to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {DD}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>. 2) output gain (maximum value of -<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta {V}_{\textsf {OUT}}/\Delta {V}_{\textsf {IN}})$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> of 6.3. 3) logic gate-level hysteresis of 2.4% <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {DD}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>, measured as the difference in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {IN}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> at which <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {OUT}}={V}_{\textsf {DD}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>/2 between forward and reverse sweeps of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {IN}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>. All statistics are averaged over 500 NOR2 gates measured with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\textsf {DD}} = \textsf {1}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> V. This letter highlights the potential of 3D integration not only for enabling new 3D system architectures but also new 3D FET architectures and 3D circuit layouts.
Reliability of SAC Leadfree Solders in Automotive Underhood Temperature-Vibration

Leadfree solder interconnects accrue damage much faster when subjected to simultaneously elevated temperatures and vibration. Ultimate tensile strength has been shown to degrade upto 50-percent from initial fabricated value. Electronics in automotive underhood applications may be subjected to prolonged periods of high temperature vibration. This study presents a comparison of failure modes for various SAC alloy compositions at elevated test temperature and vibration. Test vehicle with lead-free SAC (SAC105 and SAC305) daisy chain CABGA packages have been tested to failure under harmonic vibration at the first natural frequency under multiple test temperatures. The test vehicles were subjected to three-test temperatures (25°C, 55°C and 155°C) and simple harmonic vibration with amplitude of 5g and 14g. Material properties of the printed circuit board at elevated temperatures have been measured using tensile tests. High-speed camera is also used to capture the vibration event during testing. Strain gauge was attached at the center of the board to extract the strain value. The vibration simulation is correlated with the system characteristics such as modal shapes and natural frequencies and displacement amplitudes for each test condition using global-local FE models. An imaging method has been used to extract the out of plane displacement of PCB, which is used to validate simulation results. Finite element method based global and local method has been used to extract hysteresis loop and plastic work density of critical solder joint. Anand Viscoplasticity material data from the prior studies by the authors have been used to capture the high-strain rate temperature dependent aging behavior of the solder joints. A comparison between simulation and experimental results is conducted. In this paper, a new model has been proposed for life prediction of electronics under simultaneous temperature-vibration.
A Surprising Linear Relationship Predicts Test Performance in Deep Networks

Given two networks with the same training loss on a dataset, when would they have drastically different test losses and errors? Better understanding of this question of generalization may improve practical applications of deep networks. In this paper we show that with cross-entropy loss it is surprisingly simple to induce significantly different generalization performances for two networks that have the same architecture, the same meta parameters and the same training error: one can either pretrain the networks with different levels of "corrupted" data or simply initialize the networks with weights of different Gaussian standard deviations. A corollary of recent theoretical results on overfitting shows that these effects are due to an intrinsic problem of measuring test performance with a cross-entropy/exponential-type loss, which can be decomposed into two components both minimized by SGD -- one of which is not related to expected classification performance. However, if we factor out this component of the loss, a linear relationship emerges between training and test losses. Under this transformation, classical generalization bounds are surprisingly tight: the empirical/training loss is very close to the expected/test loss. Furthermore, the empirical relation between classification error and normalized cross-entropy loss seem to be approximately monotonic
COPD phenotypes: differences in survival

Background The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics and survival of a group of patients with COPD according to their clinical phenotype. Patients and methods The study population was selected from patients undergoing scheduled spirometry between January 1, 2011 and June 30, 2011 at the respiratory function laboratory of a teaching hospital and comprised those with a previous and confirmed diagnosis of COPD and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) of <70%. The patients selected were classified into 4 groups: positive bronchodilator response, non-exacerbator, exacerbator with emphysema, and exacerbator with chronic bronchitis. Patients were followed up until April 2017. Results We recruited 273 patients, of whom 89% were men. The distribution by phenotype was as follows: non-exacerbator, 47.2%; positive bronchodilator response, 25.8%; exacerbator with chronic bronchitis, 13.8%; and exacerbator with emphysema, 13.0%. A total of 90 patients died during follow-up (32.9%). Taking patients with a positive bronchodilator response as the reference category, the risk factors that were independently associated with death were older age (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03–1.09), lower FEV1 (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99), and exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype (HR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.53–7.03). Conclusion Classification of COPD patients by phenotype makes it possible to identify subgroups with different prognoses. Thus, mortality was greater in exacerbators with chronic bronchitis and lower in those with a positive bronchodilator response.
A Diversified Spectrometric and Molecular Docking Technique to Biophysical Study of Interaction between Bovine Serum Albumin and Sodium Salt of Risedronic Acid, a Bisphosphonate for Skeletal Disorders

The binding interaction between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium salt of risedronic acid (RSN) was studied by using the FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared), UV-Vis (ultraviolet–visible), fluorescence (emission and synchronous), CD (circular dichroism) spectrometric, and computational (molecular docking) techniques at 289, 297, and 305 K temperatures with physiological buffer of pH 7.40. The conformational and secondary structural changes observed for BSA from CD spectra and by curve fitting procedure were applied to Fourier self-deconvolution in FT-IR spectra. The formation of a BSA-RSN complex was confirmed from UV-Vis spectroscopy. The static type of quenching shown for RSN to BSA was verified from Stern–Volmer and modified Stern–Volmer equations. The binding constant of order 105 was obtained to be confirming that there exists a strong binding interaction between BSA and RSN. Synchronous fluorescence shows that the microenvironment of tryptophan was altered, not tyrosine of BSA; in addition to this, the distance between tryptophan of BSA and RSN was found out from Forster's theory of nonradiation energy transfer. The interaction between BSA and RSN mainly occurred as a result of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, the process is exothermic and spontaneous, and it was achieved through van 't Hoff equation. This interaction was affected by the presence of biologically active Fe2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Cd2+ ions and was also studied. The subdomain IIIA of BSA involved with RSN interaction was authenticated from molecular docking analysis.
A Data-Efficient Approach to Precise and Controlled Pushing

Decades of research in control theory have shown that simple controllers, when provided with timely feedback, can control complex systems. Pushing is an example of a complex mechanical system that is difficult to model accurately due to unknown system parameters such as coefficients of friction and pressure distributions. In this paper, we explore the data-complexity required for controlling, rather than modeling, such a system. Results show that a model-based control approach, where the dynamical model is learned from data, is capable of performing complex pushing trajectories with a minimal amount of training data (10 data points). The dynamics of pushing interactions are modeled using a Gaussian process (GP) and are leveraged within a model predictive control approach that linearizes the GP and imposes actuator and task constraints for a planar manipulation task.
Identification and characterization of the bZIP transcription factor family and its expression in response to abiotic stresses in sesame

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) gene family is one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, and members of this family play important roles in multiple biological processes such as light signaling, seed maturation, flower development as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses. Nonetheless, genome-wide comprehensive analysis of the bZIP family is lacking in the important oil crop sesame. In the present study, 63 bZIP genes distributed on 14 linkage groups were identified in sesame, and denominated as SibZIP01-SibZIP63. Besides, all members of SibZIP family were divided into nine groups based on the phylogenetic relationship of Arabidopsis bZIPs, which was further supported by the analysis of their conserved motifs and gene structures. Promoter analysis showed that all SibZIP genes harbor cis-elements related to stress responsiveness in their promoter regions. Expression analyses of SibZIP genes based on transcriptome data showed that these genes have different expression patterns in different tissues. Additionally, we showed that a majority of SibZIPs (85.71%) exhibited significant transcriptional changes in responses to abiotic stresses, including drought, waterlogging, osmotic, salt, and cold, suggesting that SibZIPs may play a cardinal role in the regulation of stress responses in sesame. Together, these results provide new insights into stress-responsive SibZIP genes and pave the way for future studies of SibZIPs-mediated abiotic stress response in sesame.
Wideband patch antenna for Q band application

A wideband shorted patch antenna is presented in this paper. The substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is used to excite the proposed patch antenna, and three metallic posts are introduced to connect the patch and the ground. Trough introducing the metallic posts, a wideband property is achieved. The 3-dB gain bandwidth is 22.2% from 40 GHz to 50 GHz, and the return loss is all bellow −10 dB within the 3-dB gain bandwidth. In order to promote the radiation pattern and gain, a differential — fed 1∗2 antenna array is studied.