Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpreting Statistical Models for Denominal Adjective Formation in Russian

This study focuses on cases of suffixal rivalry in denominal adjective formations in Russian, namely on two adjectival suffixes: -nand -sk-. We use statistical modelling (multivariate logistic regression) to shed light on properties of base nouns that contribute to the choice of one of the competing suffixes. In the first part, we provide model interpretation through traditional metrics (accuracy, confusion matrix and model coefficients with their respective pvalues). However, model accuracy may not be uniform if we compare different samples of the data set and may take a wide range of values. In the second part of this study, we complete our interpretation of model results by performing error analysis in order to get a better understanding of the underlying properties of base nouns that cause model failure. We explore Responsible AI Toolbox widgets for this purpose. Onemain result of this study is that the same semantic base noun properties are related to both high model performances and model errors.
Error Tracing of the Complex CNC Machine Tools Based on “S” Shaped Workpiece

： Based on the error influence tracing analysis for complex machine tool has been carried out based on “S” shaped workpiece. A method of judging the error parameters which is the biggest influence on machining defects is established. In this method, the machining defects of “S” shaped workpiece and shaping motions of complex machine tool are comprehensively considered. Cubic B-splines surface has been applied to surface representation. The actual position of tool center can be deduced by projecting the B-splines surface in its normal direction. The mapping relationship between the actual tool position and the actual machining curve is established. The machining defects generation model is established. The error expression equation has been deduced. Those 5 key parameters that have great influence on processing defects are determined according to the contribution which have been computed using the sensitivity and measured values of error parameters. Experimental results demonstrate that the error of each point is not more than±1.5 μ m by comparing the five error parameters and all parameters under the action of at the same time. The biggest errors which influence on the machining defects are
Single-Layer Ultra-Wideband Multifunctional Transmissive Metasurface

The metasurface is a functional film device based on a subwavelength structure, which has a strong light field control ability and has the advantages of ultrathin, low loss, and easy manufacturing. However, realizing a multifunctional metasurface, yet simple enough to design, manufacture, and thin is still a challenge. In this article, we propose a novel metasurface with negligible thickness as a beam splitter, which can achieve half transmission and half reflection of the incident wave at the same frequency. It also controls the polarization of circularly polarized electromagnetic (EM) waves in the transmission mode. A broadband operation can be achieved based on the geometric phase theory, and the phase control can be achieved by azimuth rotation of the structure. The numerical results of the metasurface are in good agreement with the experimental results in the measured frequency range. The ultrathin multifunctional metasurface realized by the geometric phase principle provides an important stepping stone for simple optical devices and can be extended to a higher frequency range.
Discourse rules: the effects of clause order principles on the reading process

ABSTRACT In an eye-tracking-while-reading study, we investigated adult monolinguals' (N = 80) processing of two-clause sentences embedded in short narratives. Three principles theorised to guide comprehension of complex sentences were contrasted: one operating at the clause level, namely clause structure (main clause – subordinate clause or vice versa), and two operating at the discourse-level, namely givenness (given-new vs. new-given) and event order (chronological vs. reverse order). The results indicate that clause structure mainly affects early stages of processing, whereas the two principles operating at the discourse level are more important during later stages and for reading times of the entire sentence. Event order was found to operate relatively independently of the other principles. Givenness was found to overrule clause structure, a phenomenon that can be related to the grounding function of preposed subordinate clauses. We propose a new principle to reflect this interaction effect: the grounding principle.
A Big Data Study on Viewers` Response and Success Factors in the D2C Era Focused on tvN`s Web-real Variety `SinSeoYuGi` and Naver TV Cast Programming

The first D2C-era web-real variety show in Korea was broadcast via tvN of CJ E&M. The web-real variety program ‘SinSeoYuGi’ accumulated 54 million views, along with 50 million views at the Chinese portal site QQ. This study carries out an analysis using text mining that extracts portal site blogs, twitter page views and associative terms. In addition, this study derives viewers' response by extracting key words with opinion mining techniques that divide positive words, neutral words and negative words through customer sentiment analysis. It is found that the success factors of the web-real variety were reduced in appearance fees and production cost, harmony between actual cast members and scenario characters, mobile TV programing, and pre-roll advertising. It is expected that web-real variety broadcasting will increase in value as web contents in the future, and be established as a new genre with the job of ‘technical marketer’ growing as well.
Locating and sizing disbonds in glassfibre-reinforced plastic plates using shearography

In this paper, disbonds of known shapes and sizes are deliberately created at different layers of glassfibre-reinforced plastic (GRP) laminates which are subsequently «vaccum-stressed» during the test. Experimental results show that both the shape and size of disbonds can be deduced easily; the depth of disbonds can also be estimated
Research on Rutting Deformation Monitoring Method Based on Intelligent Aggregate

During the long-term service of asphalt pavement, under the combined action of repeated loads and environmental factors, asphalt pavement will gradually appear small damage. When the damage accumulates to a certain extent, the asphalt pavement will have serious rutting deformation, resulting in poor highway flatness and greatly reducing the service life of the asphalt pavement. The traditional monitoring methods of pavement rutting deformation need high environmental detection conditions. At the same time, there are some problems, such as subjective judgment standard and unable to monitor in real time. The commonly used road surface coring detection methods will destroy the original continuous structure of the pavement and easily cause internal damage of the pavement under the action of rain and snow environment. In this study, based on the intelligent aggregate (IA) equipped with high-precision attitude sensor, a new pavement rutting deformation monitoring method was proposed. Combined with the indoor rutting experiment, the relationship model between intelligent aggregate attitude change and rutting deformation was established, and the relationship model between real pavement rutting deformation and intelligent aggregate attitude change was established by finite element method, so as to realize the rutting deformation monitoring method based on Intelligent aggregate.
“Snapshot” stand-off detection of target chemicals using broadband infrared lasers

We present further development of an eye-safe, invisible, stand-off technique designed for the detection of target chemicals (such as explosives) in a single “snapshot” frame. Broadband Fabry-Perot quantum cascade lasers (FP-QCLs) are employed as active illumination sources, in the Mid-LWIR (long-wave infrared) in the range of 7 to 12 µm, to interrogate the spectral features from analytes of interest. We have developed a custom-built broadband laser source utilizing an OEM FP-QCL. This “white” broadband laser source enables stand-off detection in a single snapshot frame. Light from this source was collimated and aligned toward the target several meters away. The “backscatter” and absorption signals from target chemicals are spectrally extracted by an LWIR spectrometer based on the spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) technique. The SHS offers high throughput and full spectral coverage in each single frame from an IR imaging array. This manuscript will cover the implementation and optimization of FP-QCLs for this broadband spectroscopic application. We will also discuss the operation and processing of SHS images to extract spectral information. Finally, we will present results of measurements using specific analytes to demonstrate the application of the method to stand-off detection of targets such as explosives and other chemical threats.
HIP Diet EXchange (DEX)

This document specifies the Host Identity Protocol Diet EXchange (HIP DEX), a variant of the Host Identity Protocol Version 2 (HIPv2). The HIP DEX protocol design aims at reducing the overhead of the employed cryptographic primitives by omitting public-key signatures and hash functions. In doing so, the main goal is to still deliver similar security properties to HIPv2. The HIP DEX protocol is primarily designed for computation or memory- constrained sensor/actuator devices. Like HIPv2, it is expected to be used together with a suitable security protocol such as the Encapsulated Security Payload (ESP) for the protection of upper layer protocol data. In addition, HIP DEX can also be used as a keying mechanism for security primitives at the MAC layer, e.g., for IEEE 802.15. 4 networks.
Astragaloside IV Alleviates Renal Tubular Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via CX3CL1-RAF/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Background Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in interstitial matrix deposition and renal fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). It has been verified that Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is beneficial for ameliorating DKD. However, the underlying mechanisms of AS-IV on regulating EMT in DKD are yet to be established. Accumulated evidence has suggested that C-X3-C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1) plays a significant role in the progression of EMT. Purpose We aimed to investigate whether AS-IV could alleviate EMT by regulating CX3CL1 in DKD and reveal its underlying mechanisms. Methods For the in vivo study, mice were divided into the following five groups (n=10): db/m+vehicle, db/db+vehicle, db/db+AS-IV-L (10mg/kg/d), db/db+AS-IV-M (20mg/kg/d), db/db+AS-IV-H (40mg/kg/d). After 12 weeks of treatment, the renal injuries were assessed based on the related parameters of urine, blood and histopathological examination. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect relative proteins levels. Then in HK-2 cells, the molecular mechanism of AS-IV attenuating the EMT in mice with DKD through the CX3CL1-RAF/MEK/ERK pathway was studied. Results In the present study, we found that AS-IV reduced urinary protein levels and improved renal pathological damage in DKD mice. Moreover, AS-IV ameliorated the renal tubular EMT induced by hyperglycemia or high glucose (HG), and decreased the expression of CX3CL1 and inhibited the activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway in vivo and in vitro. In HK-2 cells, downregulation of CX3CL1 suppressed the stimulation of the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and EMT induced by HG. However, CX3CL1 overexpression eliminated the benefits of AS-IV on the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and EMT. Conclusion In summary, we indicated that AS-IV alleviates renal tubular EMT through the CX3CL1-RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, indicating that CX3CL1 could be a potential therapeutic target of AS-IV in DKD.
THE APPLICATION OF MESHLESS CYLINDER CONTROL SURFACE IN RANKINE-KELVIN HYBRID METHOD

The solution of the three-dimensional seakeeping problem with forward speed in the frequency domain still has some well-known problems. In this paper, a Rankine-Kelvin hybrid method benefiting the merits of both the Rankine source and Kelvin source is presented and demonstrated by studying the wave diffraction/radiation problem with zero forward speed as an example. A meshless cylindrical surface is selected to be the control surface dividing the fluid domain into two regions, and the velocity potential and its normal derivative on the control surface are represented by series expansions. The present RankineKelvin hybrid method is validated by the added mass and damping associated with the linear radiation force, and comparison is made with the documented analytical solution. All the work in the paper sheds light on solving the forward speed hydrodynamic problems.
Cascading trade‐off studies for robotic deburring systems

Advanced manufacturing technologies play an important role in keeping production in high‐cost countries. Due to their flexibility, robot‐based solutions have been one of the major enablers in establishing advanced manufacturing capabilities in the traditional high‐cost countries. This paper concerns the problem of automated deburring of cast parts. If performed manually, this operation introduces major health, safety, and environmental (HSE) concerns. As such, removal of highly variable casting burrs in the Norwegian context requires a solution based on robots, smart sensors, and advanced algorithms to tackle the problem in a flexible and cost‐effective way. Due to the complexity of the task, one is confronted with a breadth of various alternatives to choose from when realizing the desired functionality. These alternatives expand as one considers a pipeline of the subtasks involved in the process. The decisions made in each step cascade throughout the whole pipeline. To tackle the complexity while developing a robotized deburring system, a systemic approach based on cascading trade‐off studies is proposed in this paper. This paper is also a contribution to the gap in the literature for cases of trade‐off studies in the domain of mechanical engineering. The SPADE (stakeholders, problem formulation, analysis, decision making, and evaluation) methodology has been used as a framework to resolve automation of complex mechanical engineering manufacturing process decisions. The systems engineering (SE) approach proved useful to identify and prioritize the stakeholders and their needs, as well as analyzing the different alternatives in a complex engineering system when dealing with cascading trade studies.
Research Progress on the Application of Icariin in Osteoarthritis Treatment

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifaceted bone and joint disease with degenerative changes of articular cartilage. Therefore, the current research on the etiology of OA mainly focuses on the etiology of articular cartilage degeneration. Clarifying the pathogenesis of OA from the molecular level has become an important research topic in the field of orthopedics. Its main pathological features are the decrease of chondrocyte metabolic activity, cartilage matrix degradation, and osteophyte formation. Icariin (ICA) is the main active monomer of epimedium, a traditional Chinese medicine, and the pharmacological research has revealed favorable effects of ICA on the bone system. ICA can promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes, alleviate the degradation rate of cartilage matrix, and effectively protect articular cartilage. This review also expounds the mechanism of promoting cartilage repair.
DEVELOPING TRANSFERABLE SPATIAL PREDICTION MODELS: A CASE STUDY OF SATELLITE BASED LANDCOVER MAPPING

Abstract. The mapping of environmental information based on remote sensing requires a workflow that involves image processing, model training usually based on machine learning, as well as model application and validation. Remote sensing data processing capabilities are nowadays simplified by cloud computing platforms. State of the art machine learning methods for spatial data which involve a reduction of spatial overfitting, handling of extrapolation situations and a spatially explicit error assessment, however, are currently mostly implemented in local computation frameworks. Here we present a workflow that combines the improved processing capabilities of the cloud computation platform openEO with state-of-the-art machine learning model development in R. OpenEO is used for standardized imagery acquisition and preprocessing to provide predictors for model training. To reduce overfitting, predictors which are meaningful for the mapping are identified via spatial variable selection as implemented in R packages. The mapping accuracy is assessed via spatial cross-validation and predictions are limited to the ’Area of Applicability’ of the model. The workflow is designed to enhance and assess the spatial transferability of machine learning models which is demonstrated by a case study of a landcover classification based on Sentinel-2 imagery.
HOW EFFICIENT CAN SENTINEL-2 DATA HELP SPATIAL MAPPING OF MUCILAGE EVENT IN THE MARMARA SEA?

Abstract. With the repetition of mucilage event, which is triggered by many different anthropogenic, climatic and microbiological factors, in the Marmara Sea in 2021, the importance of water quality in the seas has come to the fore again. To present the spatial distribution of the mucilage, a feasibility study has been carried out with point-based water quality measurements and remote sensing data. In-situ measurements are collected routinely within the scope of the Integrated Marine Pollution Monitoring Program (DEN-IZ) which was conducted in cooperation with the Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change and the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey - Marmara Research Center (TUBITAK-MAM). In this preliminary study, 16 in-situ measurements, 5 of which were taken from water containing mucilage, on 29 April 2021 in the Gulf of Gemlik were used. Then, univariate regression analyzes were performed in two different scenarios (i.e. 5 mucilage points and all in-situ points) with Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and in-situ water quality measurements for 2 different parameters (i.e. chlorophyll-a – Chl-a) and turbidity). According to R2 and accuracy assessment measures (f- and t- statistics etc.), the most suitable models were determined for two scenarios and two parameters. Finally, the performances of the selected models were tested with 2 different in-situ measurements and satellite images (dated 22 and 27 April) taken from dates close to the data set used; and it was concluded that the models created with 16 points were successful for both Chl-a and turbidity estimation for this preliminary study.
Dynamic analysis of the Milad Tower

This report involves the modelling of the Milad Tower using the finite element analysis program Strand7. A dynamic analysis was performed on the structure in order to understand the deflections and stresses as a result of earthquake and wind loading. In particular, Linear Static as well as Natural Frequency and Spectral Response solvers were used to determine the behaviour of the structure under loading. The findings of the report highlight that the structure was modelled accurately with the outputs representing realistic values. The report suggests that the design of the beams, columns, slabs and all structural members was sufficient enough to support the tower during maximum loading cases. The governing load case was earthquake loading.
SiC Complementary Junction Field-Effect Transistor Logic Gate Operation at 623 K

Here, we show that silicon carbide (SiC) complementary logic gates composed of p- and n-channel junction field-effect transistors (JFETs) fabricated by ion implantation operate at 623 K with a supply voltage as low as 1.4 V. The logic threshold voltage shift of the complementary JFET (CJFET) inverter is only 0.2 V from 300 to 623 K. Furthermore, temperature dependencies of the static and dynamic characteristics of the CJFET inverter are well explained by a simple analytical model of SiC JFETs.
The Complete Analytical Solution of the TDOA Localization Method

This article is focused on the analytical solution of a TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) localization method, including analysis of accuracy and unambiguity of a target position estimation in 2D space. The method is processed under two conditions - sufficiently determined localization system and an overdetermined localization system. It is assumed that the TDOA localization system operates in a LOS (Line of Sight) situation and several time-synchronized sensors are placed arbitrarily across the area. The main contribution of the article is the complete description of the TDOA localization method in analytical form only. It means, this paper shows a geometric representation and an analytical solution of the TDOA localization technique model. In addition, analyses of unambiguity and solvability of the method algorithm are presented, together with accuracy analysis of this TDOA technique in analytical form. Finally, the description of this TDOA method is extended to an overdetermined TDOA system. This makes it possible to determine and subsequently optimize its computational complexity, for example increase its computational speed. It seems that such a description of the TDOA localization technique creates a simple and effective tool for technological implementation of this method into military localization systems.
Fascia Healing after Induced Tibialis Anterior Muscle Strain: an Experimental Study in Wistar Rats

Background . Recurrence following muscle strain is a serious problem encountered in sports. Muscle and fascia are mechanically integrated in transmitting muscular force. Fascial injury has been associated with muscle strain which may explain its potential contribution to impaired muscle recovery. This study aimed at describing structural changes of fascia and muscle as well as limb function recovery during the various healing stages following strain injury in rodents. Methods . Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups: normal control and three muscle strain injury groups. Tibialis Anterior muscle was strained in the three injured groups then all rats were allowed free cage mobility until euthanasia after 2 days (acute group), 9 days (subacute group), or 21 days (chronic and normal groups). The sciatic function index was used to assess functional recovery while histopathology scoring and histomorphometry quantified tissue healing. Results. Cellularity significantly increased in muscle and fascia tissues only in the acute stage (p < 0.05). Collagen degeneration was significant in the acute and subacute stages in muscle (p < 0.05), whereas fascia showed significant degeneration only at the subacute stage (p < 0.05). Fascia thickness significantly increased in all examined stages (p < 0.05), while muscle fibers width and interstitial dilatation increased only in the acute and subacute stages (p < 0.05). Muscle fibrosis was significant in the subacute and chronic stages (p < 0.05). Function was not significantly different between all groups at all examined stages (p > 0.05). Conclusions . Strain injury involves all fascia and muscle structures. Healing of all structures occurs spontaneously by the chronic stage, except for fascia thickness and muscle fibrosis. Future studies are recommended to investigate whether incorporating fascia as a therapeutic goal would decrease muscle injury recurrence.