Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Porous Hollow Fiber Nickel Electrodes for Effective Supply and Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methane through Microbial Electrosynthesis

Microbial electrochemical reduction of CO2 gas to value‐added chemical products requires the development of an electrode architecture with a three‐phase interface for efficient mass transport. A hybrid bioinorganic system for CO2 reduction to CH4 is developed by coupling a new electrode architecture with enriched methanogenic community. The novel electrode design consists of porous nickel hollow fibers, which act as an inorganic electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation from proton reduction and as a gas‐transfer membrane for direct CO2 delivery to CO2‐fixing hydrogenotrophic methanogens (biological catalyst) on the cathode through the pores of the hollow fibers. These unique features of the electrode create a suitable environment for the enrichment of methanogens, which utilize the hydrogen as a source of reducing equivalents for the conversion of CO2 to CH4. The performance of the nickel electrode is tested in microbial electrosynthesis cells operated at cathode potential of −1 V versus Ag/AgCl, achieving high faradaic efficiency of 77% for CH4. The superior performance of the hybrid bioinorganic system is attributed to the electrode architecture, which provides a three‐phase boundary for gas–liquid reactions, with the reactions supported by the inorganic and biological catalysts.
A Short Review on Biological Potential Thiopyridazine Analogues

Pyridazinone/thiopyridazinone derivatives represent one of the most active classes of compounds possessing a wide spectrum of biological activities such as cardiovascular properties, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, antiviral, anticancer, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant and other biological activities. Some pyridazinthiones were tested for biological activities. Various pyridazinone/thiopyridazine derivatives were exhibited anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock seizure test, various pyridazine-thione derivatives were exhibited antitumor activity and some thiopyridazines were exhibited anti-microbial activity against various strains like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtillis and Candida albicans. Tricyclic ring system, pyridazino[6,1-b]quinazolin10-ones, benzimidazolo-pyridazine thione, and 1,2,4-benzotriazino-pyridazinethione along with imidazo-[1,2-b]pyridazinethione, 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b] pyridazine-thione derivatives were exhibited antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram negative bacteria as well as fungi.
Online chemical adsorption studies of Hg, Tl, and Pb on SiO2 and Au surfaces in preparation for chemical investigations on Cn, Nh, and Fl at TASCA

Abstract Online gas-solid adsorption studies with single-atom quantities of Hg, Tl, and Pb, the lighter homologs of the superheavy elements (SHE) copernicium (Cn, Z=112), nihonium (Nh, Z=113), and flerovium (Fl, Z=114), were carried out using short-lived radioisotopes. The interaction with Au and SiO2 surfaces was studied and the overall chemical yield was determined. Suitable radioisotopes were produced in fusion-evaporation reactions, isolated in the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA, and flushed rapidly to an adjacent setup of two gas chromatography detector arrays covered with SiO2 (first array) and Au (second array). While Tl and Pb adsorbed on the SiO2 surface, Hg interacts only weakly and reached the Au-covered array. Our results contribute to elucidating the influence of relativistic effects on chemical properties of the heaviest elements by providing experimental data on these lighter homologs.
A new mesogenic fluorene derivative: 2,7-bis(4-pentylphenyl)-9,9-diethyl-9H-fluorene

ABSTRACT The title compound, 2,7-bis(4-pentylphenyl)-9,9-diethyl-9H-fluorene, is a new mesogenic compound containing the fluorene moiety. It exhibits a monotropic nematic liquid crystalline behaviour, with isotropisation temperature of 53°C. The compound is also polymorphic in the solid state, with one crystal phase melting at 103°C and another one melting at 71°C. The crystal and molecular structure of the high melting solid phase have been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystals are monoclinic, with cell dimensions a = 16.649(6) Å, b = 8.305(3) Å, c = 24.598(7) Å, β = 111.60(2)⁰, space group P21/c and four molecules in the unit cell. Refinement leads to R = 0.0558. The two terminal alkyl chains and one phenyl ring are disordered over two split positions. The imbricated molecular packing observed in the solid state seems to resemble that of the nematic phase that is formed upon cooling the melt. Graphical Abstract
Alternative Herbicides for Controlling Herbicide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.) in Turf

Poa annua is a cosmopolitan, cool-season grass species regarded as one of the most significant weeds of turfgrass. It is mainly controlled by herbicides; however, repeated use of herbicides in golf turf has resulted in the evolution of multiple-herbicide resistant P. annua. Four field experiments were performed in autumn and spring in golf turf to identify effective herbicide options to control multiple herbicide-resistant P. annua. In herbicide resistance screening, the trial site population (SA1) was found to be susceptible to amicarbazone and terbuthylazine, but resistant to simazine and metribuzin at the field rate of each herbicide. Consistent with the results of the pot study, the PSII-inhibiting herbicides amicarbazone and terbuthylazine provided the best control (80–100%) of P. annua in both autumn and spring trials with minimal damage to the turf. In contrast, the other two PSII-inhibiting herbicides, metribuzin and simazine, were relatively ineffective in controlling P. annua in the field. Indaziflam also performed well in both autumn trials and reduced P. annua occurrence by >75%. Pyroxasulfone and s-metolachlor only provided moderate weed control in both the autumn and spring trials, reducing P. annua occurrence by 50%. Among the nine different herbicides, amicarbazone and terbuthylazine were found to be most effective for spring and autumn application in turf. As resistance to some PSII-inhibiting herbicides has already evolved in this field population, the use of amicarbazone and terbuthylazine needs to be integrated with other herbicide modes of action and non-chemical tactics to delay the onset of resistance to them.
Six-Month Results on Treatment Adherence, Physical Activity, Spinal Appearance, Spinal Deformity, and Quality of Life in an Ongoing Randomised Trial on Conservative Treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (CONTRAIS)

Adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) often receive conservative treatments aiming to prevent progression of the spinal deformity during puberty. This study aimed to explore patient adherence and secondary outcomes during the first 6 months in an ongoing randomised controlled trial of three treatment interventions. Interventions consisted of physical activity combined with either hypercorrective Boston brace night shift (NB), scoliosis-specific exercise (SSE), or physical activity alone (PA). Measures at baseline and 6 months included angle of trunk rotation (ATR), Cobb angle, International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF), pictorial Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (pSAQ), Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-22r), EuroQol 5-Dimensions Youth (EQ-5D-Y) and Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). Patient adherence, motivation, and capability in performing the intervention were reported at 6 months. The study included 135 patients (111 females) with AIS and >1-year estimated remaining growth, mean age 12.7 (1.4) years, and mean Cobb angle 31 (±5.3). At 6 months, the proportion of patients in the groups reporting high to very high adherence ranged between 72 and 95%, while motivation ranged between 65 and 92%, with the highest proportion seen in the NB group (p = 0.014, p= 0.002). IPAQ-SF displayed significant between group main effects regarding moderate activity (F = 5.7; p = 0.004; ηp2 = 0.10), with a medium-sized increase favouring the SSE group compared to NB. Walking showed significant between group main effects, as did metabolic equivalent (MET-min/week), with medium (F = 6.8, p = 0.002; ηp2 = 0.11, and large (F = 8.3, p = < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.14) increases, respectively, for the SSE and PA groups compared to NB. From baseline to 6 months, ATR showed significant between group medium-sized main effects (F = 1.2, p = 0.019, ηp2 = 0.007) favouring the NB group compared to PA, but not reaching a clinically relevant level. In conclusion, patients reported high adherence and motivation to treatment, especially in the NB group. Patients in the SSE and PA groups increased their physical activity levels without other clinically relevant differences between groups in other clinical measures or patient-reported outcomes. The results suggest that the prescribed treatments are viable first-step options during the first 6 months.
A Robust Mathematical Model for Sustainable and Resilient Supply Chain Network Design: Preparing a Supply Chain to Deal with Disruptions

Supply chains suffer from serious vulnerabilities and disruptions with increasing global crises, including pandemics and natural disasters. Dynamic and complex supply chain environments have constantly led companies to modern management approaches such as resilience to address disruptions. Besides, the sustainability approach enhances the strength of the supply chain in disruptions by considering economic, social, and environmental aspects. This paper develops a mathematical model for designing a supply chain network considering resilience and sustainability. In this model, suppliers were exposed to disruption with different probabilities. The model has three objectives: minimizing total costs and maximizing suppliers’ social and environmental scores. A robust scenario-based stochastic programming approach has been used for potential disruption scenarios. The multiobjective model is solved by the ε -constraint method in GAMS software. The numerical results show the performance of the model in a different situation. Also, the robust scenario-based stochastic programming approach allows the average performance of the supply chain in each objective to improve.
Monitoring Autophagy with Atg4B Protease‐Activated Aggregation‐Induced Emission Probe

Autophagy is crucial in the physical development and pathogenesis of disease. Monitoring autophagy is still limited by no real‐time and poor specificity. Herein, the authors report studies of Atg4B enzyme as a biomarker for autophagy and the development of an Atg4B‐responsive aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) probe, termed QM‐GFTN. Particularly, the incorporated peptide unit of GFTN endows good dispersion, but the state can be reversed when the hydrophilic peptide is cleaved by the Atg4B, thus realizing a light‐up fluorescence with high signal/noise (S/N) ratio. The probe exhibits excellent selectivity to Atg4B, and can respond to its activity in solution and living cells, thus efficiently distinguishing autophagy‐active from autophagy‐inactive states, greatly shortening the detection time comparing to the traditional methods. The fluorescence imaging of cells and autophagy‐inhibitor studies indicate that QM‐GFTN is specifically cleaved by Atg4B, and rules out the possibility of its self‐aggregation. By grafting Atg4B‐cleavable peptide to AIE fluorophore, the peptide‐based probe can carry out real‐time visualization of Atg4B activity with guaranteeing high specificity, serving as a great breakthrough to the detection of autophagy process in various autophagic cells, animal tissues, and even human pathological tissues.
Comparative Study of the in vitro Antioxidant Properties of Methanolic Extracts of Chromolaena odorata and Ageratum conyzoides used in Wound Healing

This study sought to evaluate the potential antioxidative potencies of Chromolaena odorata and Ageratum conyzoides, commonly used herbs in Nigeria for wound first aid and healing. The antioxidant potentials were evaluated by measuring their abilities to scavenge radicals, reduce oxidised iron and quench the formation of lipid peroxides. The findings showed that the extract of Ageratum conyzoides exhibited significantly higher (p<0.05) antioxidant potential than the extract of Chromolaena odorata. The study, therefore, suggests that Ageratum conyzoides has higher potential for therapeutic value than Chromolaena odorata in terms of antioxidant potential.
Application of Optimization and Machine Learning for Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment analysis is called detecting emotions extracted from text features and is known as one of the most important parts of opinion extraction. Through this process, we can determine if a script is positive, negative or neutral. In this research, sentiment analysis is performed with textual data. A text feeling analyzer combines natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to assign weighted assessment scores to entities, subjects, subjects, and categories within a sentence or phrase. In expressing mood, the polarity of text reviews could be graded on a negative to positive scale using a learning algorithm. The current decade has seen significant developments in artificial intelligence, and the machine learning revolution has changed the entire AI industry. After all, machine learning techniques have become an integral part of any model in today's computing world. However, the ensemble to learning techniques is promise a high level of automation with the extraction of generalized rules for text and sentiment classification activities. This thesis aims to design and implement an optimized functionality matrix using to the ensemble learning for the sentiment classification and its applications.
Non‐indigenous molluscs in the Eastern Mediterranean have distinct traits and cannot replace historic ecosystem functioning

Aim: A large body of ecological theory predicts that non- indigenous species (NIS) are successful invaders if their niches overlap little with native taxa. Native– non-indigenous trait dissimilarity, however, may also be observed if NIS have outcompeted ecologically similar native species. Discriminating these scenarios is essential for assessing invasion impacts but requires baseline assemblage data that are fre-quently unavailable. We overcome this impediment
Their Re la t ionsh ips to the 2-Opt

Abst rac t . Construction heuristics for the traveling salesman problem (TSP), with the 2-Opt applied as a postprocess, are studied with respect to their tour lengths and computation times. In this study, the "2-Opt dependency," which indicates how the performance of the 2-Opt depends on the initial tours built by the construction heuristics, is analyzed. In accordance with the analysis, we devise a new construction heuristic, the reeursive selection with long edge preference (RSL) method, which runs faster and produces shorter tours than the multiple-fragment method.
RNA Isolation of Dengue Virus Type 2 with Different Precipitation Solvents : Methanol, Chloroform, and 2-Isopropanol.

Dengue virus distributed in tropical and subtropical regions in the world. DENV viruses are transmitted between humans primarily by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes and are endemic in most areas in which the vectors occur. Four serotypes of dengue virus are DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4. DENV-2 is comprised of six genotypes. Ethanol precipitation is a commonly used technique for concentrating and de-salting nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) preparations in aqueous solution. RNA isolation by combining Guanidinium thiocyanate and phenol reported has been reported. In this report, we investigated RNA isolation from DENV-2 using QIAamp Mini Kit with 2-Isopropanol, Methanol, Chloroform precipitation solvent. Electrophoregram showed DNA band as the result of RNA isolation with methanol and 2-isopropanol are produced quite well. Dna band of the of RNA isolation with chloroform solvent has the lowest intensity than methanol and 2-isopropanol. This study showed that methanol and 2-isopropanol can used as precipitation solvent for isolating RNA.
Studies on Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2, Angiotensin-(1-7), and p47phox-Dependent NADPH Oxidase and their Roles in Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, yet the mechanisms responsible for hyperglycemia-induced kidney injury have not been fully elucidated. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system and NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species are important mediators of chronic kidney disease. I first studied the effect of ACE2, an important enzyme in the renin-angiotensin system, in diabetic kidney injury in the Akita mouse and related the effect to angiotensin peptide and NADPH oxidase. I then demonstrated the interaction between Angiotensin II, the main substrate, and angiotensin-(1-7), the main product of ACE2, respectively, on cell signaling in mesangial cells to better understand the in vitro effect of ACE2. Finally I studied the effect of deletion of p47 phox , a regulatory subunit of the NADPH oxidase, on initiation and progression of diabetic nephropathy in the Akita mouse and mesangial
EGG WHITE ALBUMIN FORM COMPLEX WITH ASPIRIN AND CAFFEINE AND ITS ROLE AS FREE RADICAL SCAVENGER

Objective: Egg white protein (ovalbumin) is well known to be freshly consumed in Indonesia as traditional medicine, or it is usually known as “Jamu. ” Ovalbumin, as well as egg white albumin, is able to form complex compounds with other substances through the formation of weak chemical and physical bonds. The objective of this study is to understand the behavior of ovalbumin as radical scavenger when it binds to antioxidants such as aspirin and caffeine (as a complex). Methods: In this study, docking sites and ovalbumin as scavenger were studied using computer-modeling software. An ovalbumin was used only for computer modeling, whereas in the wet laboratory, the freeze-drying albumin was used for electron spin resonance (ESR) and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine its ability as a scavenger and functional groups, respectively. Albumin solution was applied to measure the viscosity. Results: The variability of tridimensional structures of aspirin was investigated after binding with ovalbumin. However, these structures cannot be seen clearly on caffeine. The root-mean-square deviation analysis showed that aspirin, as well as caffeine, altered the dynamic conformation of ovalbumin. The complex of aspirin-ovalbumin-caffeine which was treated at a temperature of −70°C showed intermolecular force. ESR results showed that the complex compounds could effectively reduce more free radicals when compared to aspirin or caffeine. The existence of aromatic compounds (as confirmed by FTIR) was useful for the scavenger molecules and chemical interaction occurs. The viscosity of the complex was similar with normal gastric mucus, which associated with radical scavenger. Conclusion: The characters of albumin when it binds to aspirin and caffeine indicated that scavenging activity of the complex and the viscosity showed an important result to be physiological scavengers of free radicals.
Spectroscopic and FMO Studies of Cholesteryl Stereate Complexes for Electrooptical Activity

Computational studies have attracted the attention of researchers to understand the structural behavior of the molecules. These methods grade complex systems for novel properties with new predictions in areas of physics, chemistry and biology useful for conduct of experimental studies. Nanoparticles in present day technologies have become integral part in diverse areas of science mostly with metal oxide nanoparticles. To understand the role of nanoparticles in physicochemical process, iron, zinc, aluminum and copper oxide nano particles were conjugated with cholesteryl stereate in formation of complexes with ultrasonication. Infrared and Raman spectra confirm bonding between cholesteryl stereate and metal oxide nanoparticles. Computational studies of cholesteryl stereate complexes with Gaussian 03 were analyzed for deterministic properties i.e. dipole moment, energy gap, electrophilicity index, polarisability and first order hyperpolarizability that are responsible for electrooptical activity. Interestingly iron oxide and zinc oxide metal nano particles has significant contribution in electrooptical activity than copper and aluminum oxide nano particles.
Effect of different cooking methods of Hibiscus surratensis L. leaf vegetable on nutritional, anti-nutritional composition, and antioxidant activities

ABSTRACT The effect of the different way of cooked Hibiscus surattensis leaves was studied for nutritional, anti-nutritional, total phenolics contents and antioxidant activity. Fresh leaves were cooked by boiling, microwave, and stir-frying methods at different times (3, 5, and 10 min). Considering the different cooking methods, boiling method enhances the total carbohydrates and total proteins, whereas trypsin inhibitor activity was reduced significantly at 10 min. Moreover, total phenolics and antioxidant activity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH.) scavenging, 2 2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation (ABTS.+) scavenging, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays) of boiled leaves (10 min) were also improved. Thus, recommended time of boiled leaves may contribute good stability of dietary compounds efficiently.
Large‐Area, Semitransparent, and Flexible All‐Polymer Photodetectors

Photodetectors, converting optical signals from specific wavelengths to electrical signals, have many applications on photoimaging, optical communication, and environmental monitoring. Solution‐processed organic photodetectors (OPDs) based on organic materials emerge promise especially for wearable electronics and smart buildings. In this work, new all‐polymer photodetectors (all‐PPDs) are developed based on bulk‐heterojunction active layers which incorporate a donor polymer and an acceptor polymer. The inverted all‐PPDs exhibit outstanding external quantum efficiency over 70%, low dark current density (J d) of 1.1 × 10−8 A cm−2, and high detectivity (D*) over 3.0 × 1012 Jones with planar response over the entire visible range. It is one of the best‐performing all‐PPDs reported so far and is also comparable with many organic and inorganic photodetectors. By using lamination technique, large‐area, semitransparent, flexible, and “fully” polymeric photodetectors are successfully fabricated for the first time, with D* over 1011 Jones for double‐side light detection. The results highlight the great potential for producing high‐performance all‐PPDs by taking advantages of various device architecture and solution‐processing techniques.
Cudratricusxanthone L Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-induced Activation of BV2 and Primary Rat Microglial Cells by Inhibiting JNK, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB Signaling

Neuroinflammatory responses are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammatory reactions to neuronal injury are modulated by microglial cells, which are vital innate immune cells in the central nervous system. Activated microglial cells release proinflammatory cytokines, mediators, and neurotoxic factors that induce fatal neuronal injury. The present study investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of cudratricusxanthone L (1), which was isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata. This compound reduced the levels of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory mediators and cytokines, including nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-12. These effects suggested that cudratricusxanthone L (1) suppressed the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Specifically, cudratricusxanthone L (1) also attenuated the phosphorylation of Jun kinase and inhibited p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in BV2 and rat primary microglial cells. These results indicated that cudratricusxanthone L (1) effectively repressed neuroinflammatory processes in BV2 and rat primary microglial cells by inhibiting NF-κB and the MAPK signaling pathway.