Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MemStream: Memory-Based Anomaly Detection in Multi-Aspect Streams with Concept Drift

Given a stream of entries over time in a multi-aspect data setting where concept drift is present, how can we detect anomalous activities? Most of the existing unsupervised anomaly detection approaches seek to detect anomalous events in an ofﬂine fashion and require a large amount of data for training. This is not practical in real-life scenarios where we receive the data in a streaming manner and do not know the size of the stream beforehand. Thus, we need a data-efﬁcient method that can detect and adapt to changing data trends, or concept drift , in an online manner. In this work, we propose M EM S TREAM , a streaming multi-aspect anomaly detection framework, allowing us to detect unusual events as they occur while being resilient to concept drift. We leverage the power of a denoising autoencoder to learn representations and a memory module to learn the dynamically changing trend in data without the need for labels. We prove the optimum memory size required for effective drift handling. Furthermore, M EM S TREAM makes use of two architecture design choices to be robust to memory poisoning. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach compared to state-of-the-art streaming baselines using 2 synthetic datasets and 11 real-world datasets.
Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Pd Catalyst Supported on MOF-5

A novel palladium heterogeneous catalyst,Pd/MOF-5,was prepared by supporting palladium nanoparticles on metal organic frameworks MOF-5.The microstructure and features of the catalyst were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,and N2-adsorption respectively.Electron microscopy reveals that the Pd nanoparticles on Pd/MOF-5 range from 3 nm to 6 nm.The catalytic performance for Suzuki reaction between phenylboronic acids and haloarenes was investigated.The results show that the Pd/MOF-5 has a high catalytic activity for the synthesis of substituted biphenyls under room temperature in air.The average yield of biphenyls within 5 times' reuse is over 90%.
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Hand-Streched Noodles (Tenobe-men) and Machine-Made Noodles (Kikai-men)

手延べ麺と機械麺のグルテンの組織構造の差異を走査型電子顕微鏡によって検討した. α-アミラーゼ処理によって,澱粉粒の一部を除去することで,乾麺のグルテン組織は容易に観察できた. (1) 手延べ麺表面では繊維状になったグルテン組織が延伸方向に配向し,澱粉粒の一部が,この繊維状のグルテンによって保持されていた. 一方,縦断面では,グルテンの澱粉粒を覆っていたと思われる帯状の構造が認められた. (2) 機械麺表面では規則的な組織構造は認められなかった. 縦断面では,グルテンは澱粉粒を包み込むような球面状の構造を呈していたが,延伸方向に対する配向性は認められなかった. (3) ゆで麺を同様に処理して観察した結果,ゆで処理によってグルテンは若干膨潤するものの,手延べ麺のグルテンの繊維性,配向性及び機械麺のグルテンの球面状構造が認められ,乾麺でのグルテンの組織構造はゆで後においても保持されていることが明らかになった. 従って,麺の組織構造は乾麺をα-アミラーゼ処理して観察することが適当と考えられた.
INTERACTION OF DIPHENYLAMINE (DPA) WITH Cu2O (110) AND (111) SURFACES

Calculations of adsorption energies of diphenylamine (DPA) on Cu2O (110):CuO and Cu2O(111):CuO surfaces are carried out using density functional theory (DFT). This investigations are of importance in understanding from atomistic point of view the interactions of DPA with the heterogeneous catalyst, because is the product of the C-N coupling reactions between brombenzene and aniline. On both surfaces the dispersion forces are the dominant interactions, and for Cu2O(110) surface contribute 100% to the binding to the surface. On (111) surface, to the binding it contributes as well the surface strain energies and the chemical interaction.
Identification of Abnormal Cervical Regions from Colposcopy Image Sequences

Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide and the leading cause of cancer death in women of the developing countries. Cancer death rate can be greatly reduced by regular screening. One of the steps during a screening program is the detection of the abnormal cells that could evolve into cancer. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that automatically identifies the abnormal cervical regions from colposcopy image sequence. Firstly, based on the segmentation of three different image regions, a set of low-level features is extracted to model the temporal changes in the cervix before and after applying acetic acid. Second, a support vector machine (SVM) classifier is trained and used to make predictions on new input feature vectors. As the low-level features are very insensitive to accurate image registration, only a rough normalization step is needed to sample image patches. Our preliminary results show that our algorithm is accurate and effective. Furthermore, our algorithm only needs to sample patches from six image frames within a five-minute time period. Hence, the proposed algorithm also could be applied to improve the accuracy of the mobile telemedicine for cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings.
Distributed Temperature Sensing System Based on Brillouin Scattering Effect Using a Single-Photon Detector

Utilizing a single-photon detector, a novel direct-detection optical-fiber sensor for distributed measurement of temperature based on spontaneous Brillouin scattering is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. In our scheme, the ratio of the backscattered Rayleigh signal and the backscattered Brillouin anti-Stokes is adopted to retrieve the monitored temperature information along the optical fiber. Taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the single-photon detector, our proposed system achieves a dynamic range of 20 dB without any optical amplification. The obtainable dynamic range corresponds to a sensing distance of 120 km with a measured temperature error of 0.96°C. Furthermore, the proof-of-concept experiment demonstrates 1.2 m spatial resolution over 4.2 km sensing link with 1.24°C temperature error. Considering the performance we achieved now, and the increasing improvement of the fabrication technology of sing-photon detector, the photon-counting distributed Brillouin sensor is opening a door in the field of optical-fiber sensors.
Simple Description of the Capacitance of the Double Layer of a High Concentration Electrolyte

Recently, the electrochemical properties of an ionic liquid have received increasing attention. The simplest model of an ionic liquid is a fluid of charged hard spheres, all of which have the same diameter (the restricted primitive model or RPM), and the simplest theory of the double layer formed by an electrolyte is the Gouy−Chapman−Stern (GCS) theory. This theory is moderately useful for a low concentration electrolyte but is incorrect for a high concentration electrolyte, such as an ionic liquid. Among other things, the GCS theory predicts that the capacitance has a minimum at small electrode charge. In contrast, the capacitance of the double layer of an ionic liquid often has a maximum at small electrode charge. This is predicted by simulations and the modified Poisson−Boltzmann (MPB) theory. The mean spherical approximation (MSA) seems to agree with the simulations and MPB but is applicable only for small electrode charge. In this note we graft the MSA onto the GCS result and obtain qualitatively rea.
TimeFabric: Trusted Time for Permissioned Blockchains

As the popularity of blockchains continues to rise, blockchain platforms must be enhanced to support new application needs. In this paper, we propose one such enhancement that is essential for financial applications and online marketplaces – support for time-based logic such as verifying deadlines or expiry dates and examining a time window of recent account activity. We present a lightweight solution to reach consensus on the current time without relying on external time oracles. Our solution assigns timestamps to blocks at transaction validation time and maintains a cache reflecting the effects of recent transactions. We implement a proof-of-concept prototype, called TimeFabric, in Hyperledger Fabric, a popular permissioned blockchain platform, and experimentally demonstrate high throughput and minimal overhead (approximately 3%) of maintaining trusted time. We also demonstrate a 2x performance improvement due to the cache, compared to reconstructing account histories from the ledger.
Designing Teachable Systems for Intelligent Tutor Authoring

Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) consistently improve students’ educational outcomes when used alone or in combination with traditional instruction (MacLellan et al. 2018). One major barrier to the wider use of AI tutoring systems is that they are non-trivial to build, requiring both time and expertise. Typically, authoring a tutor takes 200-300 hours of developer time to produce an hour of instruction time (Aleven et al. 2009; Weitekamp, Harpstead, and Koedinger 2020). Existing authoring methods, including Cognitive Tutor Au-thoring Tool’s (CTAT) Example Tracing and SimStudent’s Authoring by Tutoring approaches, let authors create ITSs quicker than traditional approaches, such as hand programming. While Example Tracing and Authoring by Tutoring reduce the time and expertise required to create an ITS, such techniques do not allow humans to teach AI technologies in ways that are natural to humans. In this paper, we propose a research plan based on Natural Training Interactions (NTI) framework (MacLellan et al. 2018) that aims to create more human-centered and efﬁcient tutor authoring tools. We pro-pose dual-sided, restricted-perception Wizard-of-Oz (WoZ) experiments, a novel variant of commonly used WoZ experiments, to prototype teachable AI technologies for tutor authoring. We engineered the NTI testbed to allow novel tasks to be studied in WoZ experiments without having to start from scratch for each experiment. Lastly, we propose three research questions that we believe will help us understand how to create teachable AI technology to power tutoring systems. The NTI framework aims to produce teachable agents that can be used by teachers and other non-programmers to naturally and efﬁciently author ITSs.
WPA 3 - Improvements over WPA 2 or broken again?

—Due to the widespread usage of WiFi, securing them is and will continue to be an important task. After it was signed into IEEE 802.11 in 2004, WPA2 became the commonly used encryption standard for WiFi networks, re-placing the originally as temporary solution conceived WPA. It’s successor WPA3 was released in June 2018. At the time of writing it has not found widespread adoption yet. This paper aims to provide an overview on the designs of WPA2 and WPA3, including their currently known vulnerabilities. And tries to come to a conclusion on whether WPA3 is still a viable successor or if it has already been compromised beyond repair.
The Prestige Effects of Sponsorship on Attitudes toward Corporate Brands and Art Events

Firms have long sponsored art. Art can be divided into highbrow and lowbrow art (Holbrook, 1999). For example, the German fashion brand HUGO BOSS sponsors the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum and Foundation. It is no secret that corporations and luxury brands play an increasingly important role in funding artworks, artists, and institutions in all corners of the art world (Forbes, 2015). Companies support art in Japan too. They provide two types of art support. The Prestige Effects of Sponsorship on Attitudes toward Corporate Brands and Art Events
Human Computer Interaction aspects of Low-Power Wide Area Networks for Wearable Applications

The advent of Low-Power Wide Area Networks has enabled significant developments of the IoT ecosystem. Long range communication using low power is now feasible and offers connectivity to remote areas where cellular network is not available. Therefore, new application scenarios have emerged, such as smart cities, smart metering and more, which are attracting a lot of attention from both research and industry. Beside the aforementioned popular scenarios, Low-Power Wide Area Networks have started to be used in wearable systems scenarios as well. In this position paper, we pose some questions regarding the Human Computer Interaction aspects of Low-Power Wide Area Networks which will help them integrate in Ubiquitous Computing applications. We illustrate by a wearable system, which is based on an foot gesture interface, a Low-Power Wide Area Network, and an Neural Network classifier. The discussion is based on the state of art of foot interfaces and highlights open issues and challenges.
CONSTRUCTION VENDOR SELECTION USING MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING: A REVIEW

Nowdays it is very difficult to select a qualified contractor since they have huge impacts upon projects and their success. In this paper review concerning the Analytic Hierarchy process as a multi criteria decision making tools for contractor selection. A hierarchy structure is built for the prequalification criteria. By using the AHP, the prequalification criteria are typically organized and a descendent order list of contractors are made so as to choose the best contractors suitable for the projects. This paper reviews the application of AHP for contractors selection. The paper will give ideas and uses of the multi criteria decision making, the AHP’s execution steps, and exhibit AHP application on contractor prequalification problem. By using this model and with the use help of AHP strategy one can select a qualified contractor suitable for the project. KeywordsAnalytical hierarchy process, decision support system, multi criteria decisionmaking, contractor.
Quality of Guava Whey Beverage Fortified With Moringa Oleifera Leaves Extract

Efficacy of preservation and antioxidant activities of aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera in whey beverage was determined. It is well known for its nutritional and health benefits and is being recommended for malnourished people all over the world. Moringa oleifera leaves, is a rich source of bioactive compounds, as polyphenols. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the stability of bioactive compounds and free radical scavenging abilities of the leaf extracts guava in whey beverages stored under different conditions. Moringa leaves were turned into an aqueous extract and fortified to whey guava beverage at different ratios (2.5,5.0, and 7.5%). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents have been measured using colorimetric methods. The antioxidant capacities were evaluated using scavenging assays of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) in aqueous extract. The results showed that extractability of Moringa leaves compounds Total Phenolic Compound (TPP) was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the phenolic extract in the beverage contains 7.5% (5.560 ±0. 21g/100ml) of Moringa leaves extract at them in control without Moringa extract (2.083±0.29 g/100ml) and it showed higher antioxidant activities at zero time and up to 10 storage days. Consistent differences (P≤ 0.05) in DPPH activity were observed among the different ratio of Moringa leaves extract in the beverages about 77 to 99% scavenging activity against free radicals from DPPH at the zero time. Generally, antioxidative potential was expressed at a later stage resulting in higher DPPH scavenging activity values initially (zero time) and a latter (10 days) decrease in the most of prepared beverages except for fortified Moringa leaves extract with guava whey at concentration 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5%. The sensory evaluation of the whey guava beverage fortified with 2.5 or 5% was the acceptable ratios for using Moringa leaves extract in such beverage. It is can concluded that, of the stability of the leaf extract of M. oleifera as a preservative has been limited up to 10 days when uses in the beverages. [Afaf O. Ali, Wael H. M. Elreffaei, Adel M. Elkarmany and Fatma M. A. Elsheek. Quality of Guava Whey Beverage Fortified With Moringa Oleifera Leaves Extract. Life Sci J 2015;12(4s):113-122]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 1
Self-supervised Learning of Decomposed Object-wise 3D Motion and Depth from Monocular Videos

—In this paper, we propose a self-supervised method to learn 3D motion and depth from monocular videos. Our system contains a depth estimation module to predict depth and a new decomposed object-wise 3D motion (DO3D) estimation module to predict ego-motion and 3D object motion. Depth and motion are further combined to synthesize a novel video frame for self-supervised training. Our core component – DO3D – is a new motion disentanglement module that learns to predict camera ego-motion and instance-aware 3D object motion separately. More importantly, DO3D bypasses the difﬁculties in modeling the complicated non-rigid 3D object motion through learning an object-wise 6-DoF global transformation and a pixel-wise local 3D motion deformation ﬁeld. Qualitative and quantitative experimental results on KITTI and DrivingStereo demonstrate the effectiveness and generalization ability of our model in depth estimation, optical ﬂow estimation, and 3D motion estimation, especially in dynamic regions.
Structure solution and refinement of stacking-faulted NiCl(OH)

Two samples of pure NiCl(OH) were produced by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by chemical analysis, IR spectroscopy, high-resolution laboratory X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Layers composed of edge-sharing distorted NiCl6x(OH)6−6x octahedra were identified as the main building blocks of the crystal structure. NiCl(OH) is isostructural to CoOOH and crystallizes in space group R \overline{{3}}m [a = 3.2606 (1), c = 17.0062 (9) A]. Each sample exhibits faults in the stacking pattern of the layers. Crystal intergrowth of (AγB)(BαC)(CβA) and (AγB)(AγB) [C6 like, β-Ni(OH)2 related] stacked layers was identified as the main feature of the microstructure of NiCl(OH) by DIFFaX simulations. A recursion routine for creating distinct stacking patterns of rigid-body-like layers in real space with distinct faults (global optimization) and a Rietveld-compatible approach (local optimization) was realized and implemented in a macro for the program TOPAS for the first time. This routine enables a recursive creation of supercells containing (AγB)(BαC)(CβA), (AγB)(AγB) and (CβA)(BαC)(AγB) stacking patterns, according to user-defined transition probabilities. Hence it is an enhancement of the few previously published Rietveld-compatible approaches. This routine was applied successfully to create and adapt a detailed microstructure model to the measured data of two stacking-faulted NiCl(OH) samples. The obtained microstructure models were supported by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy images.
Effect of phase velocity and surface tension on droplet formation in flow-focusing device

Two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was performed to study droplet formation of liquid-liquid two-phase flow in a flow-focusing device. The VOF technique was used to simulate the two phase interface. Among the effective parameters that govern on droplet formation process, the inlet velocity of two phases and the surface tension are two of the most important parameters in the droplet formation process that has influence on droplet size. The simulation results revealed that as continuous phase velocity increases from 0.001 m/s to 0.018 m/s, the droplet size decreases and as dispersed phase velocity increases from 0.002 m/s to 0.016 m/s, the droplet size increases, but the coalescence of the droplets is occured. The results also showed that as surface tension increases from 0.0001 N/m to 0.013 N/m the frequency of droplet formation decreases, while the droplet size increases.
The sulfite anion in ettringite-group minerals: a new mineral species hielscherite, Ca3Si(OH)6(SO4)(SO3)·11H2O, and the thaumasite–hielscherite solid-solution series

Abstract Hielscherite, ideally Ca3Si(OH)6(SO4)(SO3)·11H2O, (IMA 2011-037) is the first ettringite-group mineral with essential sulfite. We have identified a continuous natural solid-solution series from endmember thaumasite, Ca3Si(OH)6(SO4)(CO3)·12H2O, to a composition with at least 77 mol. % endmember hielscherite. In this series, the SO3:CO3 ratio is variable, whereas the SO4 content remains constant. Compositions with more than 50 mol. % endmember hielscherite have only been found at Graulay quarry near Hillesheim in the western Eifel Mountains, Rhineland-Palatinate, where they occur with phillipsite-K, chabazite-Ca and gypsum in cavities in alkaline basalt. Sulfite-rich thaumasite has been found in hydrothermal assemblages in young alkaline basalts in two volcanic regions of Germany: it is widespread at Graulay quarry and occurs at Rother Kopf, Schellkopf and Bellerberg quarries in Eifel district; it has also been found at Zeilberg quarry, Franconia, Bavaria. Hielscherite forms matted fibrous aggregates up to 1 cm across and groups of acicular to prismatic hexagonal crystals up to 0.3 × 0.3 × 1.5 mm. Individual crystals are colourless and transparent with a vitreous lustre and crystal aggregates are white with a silky lustre. The Mohs hardness is 2-2½. Measured and calculated densities are Dmeas = 1.82(3) and Dcalc = 1.79 g cm-3. Hielscherite is optically uniaxial (-), ω = 1.494(2), ε = 1.476(2). The mean chemical composition of holotype material (determined by electron microprobe for Ca, Al, Si, and S and gas chromatography for C, H and N, with the S4+:S6+ ratio from the crystal-structure data) is CaO 27.15, Al2O3 2.33, SiO2 7.04, CO2 2.71, SO2 6.40, SO3 12.91, N2O5 0.42, H2O 39.22, total 98.18 wt. %. The empirical formula on the basis of 3 Ca atoms per formula unit is Ca3(Si0.73Al0.28)∑1.01(OH)5.71(SO4)1.00(SO3)0.62(CO3)0.38(NO3)0.05·10.63H2O. The presence of sulfite was confirmed by crystal-structure analysis and infrared and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra. The crystal structure of sulfite-rich thaumasite from Zeilberg quarry was solved by direct methods based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data (R1 = 0.064). The structure of hielscherite was refined using the Rietveld method (Rwp = 0.0317). Hielscherite is hexagonal, P63, a = 11.1178(2), c = 10.5381(2) Å, V = 1128.06(4) Å3 and Z = 2. The strongest reflections in the X-ray powder pattern [(d,Å (I)(hkl)] are: 9.62(100)(010,100); 5.551(50)(110); 4.616(37)(012,102); 3.823(64)(112); 3.436(25)(211), 2.742(38)(032,302), 2.528(37)(123,213), 2.180(35)(042,402;223). In both hielscherite and sulfite-rich thaumasite, pyramidal sulfite groups occupy the same site as trigonal carbonate groups, with analogous O sites, whereas tetrahedral sulfate groups occupy separate positions. Hielscherite is named in honour of the German mineral collector Klaus Hielscher (b. 1957).
An Investigation of Micro-and Macro-Interaction for 3D Manipulation using Dual-Hand Controller in Virtual Reality Environments

— In this research, we conduct a two-fold user study to investigate micro-and macro-interaction for 3D manipulation using dual-hand controllers in virtual environments. The chosen device is the HTC VIVE controller due to its richness and variety of features and similarity to other dual-hand devices for virtual reality systems. The first study evaluates whether the HTC VIVE Controller supports basic micro-and macro-interactions and the second study aims to find out whether micro-or macro-interactions are more frequently used to perform common manipulation tasks.
Leaves Extract of Grevillea Robusta as Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1N Hydrochloric Acid Medium

An attempt was made to characterize leaf extracts of Grevillea robusta (GRL) by phytochemical screening, weight loss method, FTIR, surface examination analysis and quantum chemical studies. Influence of bioactive compounds in Grevillea robusta leaf extract contributes for adsorption properties towards Mild Steel (MS). The maximum inhibition efficiency of GRL extract was 97.05 % in 1N HCl for immersion period of 5 h at 2.5 % v / v. SEM analysis confirmed formation of protective layer on mild steel surface. Inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of GRL extract at room temperature. Results from various studies show that GRL can serve as an effective inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in 1N HCl medium. Keywords— Grevillea robusta, weight loss method, quantum chemical studies, bioactive compounds, corrosion inhibitor