Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indirubin regulates T cell differentiation by promoting αVβ8 expression in bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease is a disease that can invade the whole digestive tract and is accompanied by immune abnormalities. Immune dysfunction involving dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells is recognized as a key factor in diseases. Indirubin (IDRB) exerts antiinflammatory effects and can help in treating immune diseases. This study aimed to isolate bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to obtain mature DCs (mDCs). The expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC‐II was detected using flow cytometry after treatment with IDRB. αVβ8 siRNA was used to knock down αVβ8 in mDCs, and the expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC‐II was detected. Meanwhile, DCs were co‐cultured with T cells. Then, T cell differentiation was detected using flow cytometry, and the cytokine levels were detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The animal model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced inflammatory bowel disease was established in mice. After intervention with IDRB and αVβ8 shRNA, the intestinal tissues were evaluated using H&E staining, disease activity index (DAI) score, and histological damage index, and the corresponding factors and cytokines to regulatory T cells (Treg) and Th17 were measured. The results showed that αVβ8 was expressed in immature DCs and mDCs. CD80, CD86, CD40, and MHC‐II expression decreased after IDRB treatment in mDCs. Meanwhile, the expression of TNF‐α and TGF‐β also decreased after IDRB treatment. The effect of IDRB on the expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, MHC‐II, TNF‐α, and TGF‐β in mDCs was reversed by αVβ8 siRNA. The Treg differentiation increased after IDRB treatment, while the differentiation of Th17 cells was inhibited. This effect of IDRB was reversed by mDCs after treatment with αVβ8 siRNA. In vivo experiments showed that IDRB alleviated the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease in animals. Enteritis significantly reduced, and the effect of IDRB was reversed by αVβ8 shRNA. The results suggested that IDRB regulated the differentiation of T cells by mediating the maturation of BMDCs through αVβ8. This study confirmed the therapeutic effect of IDRB in inflammatory bowel disease and suggested that IDRB might serve as a potential drug.
Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with poor sleep quality in apparently healthy subjects: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the association between the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) and sleep quality and to establish a cut-off value for the TyG index based on the prevalence of subjects with insulin resistance (IR). Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study involved Brazilian health professionals (20-59 years). A total of 138 subjects answered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality questionnaire to evaluate sleep quality. They were categorized into two groups: good sleep quality (global score ≤ 5 points) and poor sleep quality (global score ≥ 6 points). Also, we classified the subjects as having a high (>8.08 or >4.38) or low TyG index (≤8.08 or ≤4.38). Results: The majority of the subjects (70%) with high TyG index values (>8.08 or >4.38) reported poor sleep quality (p ≤ 0.001). Those with poor sleep quality had a 1.44-fold higher prevalence of IR (TyG index >8.08 or >4.38) compared to those with good sleep quality, regardless of sex, total cholesterol, LDL/HDL ratio, insulin, complement C3, CRP, and adiponectin (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Our data showed a positive and significant association between the TyG index and poor sleep quality. Thus, these findings support the association between poor sleep quality and IR.
Time Series Analysis of Data With Gaps

All standard time series analysis functions can be computed for data of any type and with arbitrary sampling in time, by using the concept underlying the Edelson and Krolik algorithm for correlation functions. This time-domain approach has the advantage that the effect of the sampling is multiplicative and can therefore be readily corrected for, as illustrated here for a selected set of variable MAXI sources.
Helicobacter pylori infection and PD‐L1 expression in gastric cancer: A meta‐analysis

High expression of programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) has been related to good response to immunotherapy patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, the influence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection on PD‐L1 expression in GC remains unknown. A meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the association between HP infection and PD‐L1 expression in GC.
OPENING ANGLES OF COLLAPSAR JETS

We investigate the jet propagation and breakout from the stellar progenitor for gamma-ray burst (GRB) collapsars by performing two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic simulations and analytical modeling. We find that the jet opening angle is given by θj ∼ 1/5Γ0 and infer the initial Lorentz factor of the jet at the central engine, Γ0, is a few for existing observations of θj. The jet keeps the Lorentz factor low inside the star by converging cylindrically via collimation shocks under the cocoon pressure and accelerates at jet breakout before the free expansion to a hollow-cone structure. In this new picture, the GRB duration is determined by the sound crossing time of the cocoon, after which the opening angle widens, reducing the apparent luminosity. Some bursts violating the maximum opening angle θj, max ∼ 1/5 ∼ 12° imply the existence of a baryon-rich sheath or a long-acting jet. We can explain the slopes in both Amati and Yonetoku spectral relations using an off-centered photosphere model, if we make only one assumption that the total jet luminosity is proportional to the initial Lorentz factor of the jet. We also numerically calibrate the pre-breakout model (Bromberg et al.) for later use.
VIRIAL INFECTIONS: REPLICATION AND PATHOGENESIS MECHANISMS TO THERAPY Generation of SARS-CoV-2 Mouse Model by Transient Expression of the Human ACE2 Gene Mediated by Intranasal Administration of AAV-hACE2

One of the most important steps in the development of drugs and vaccines against a new coronavirus infection is their testing on a relevant animal model. The laboratory mouse, with well-studied immunology, is the preferred mammalian model in experimental medicine. However, mice are not susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV-2 due to the lack of human angiotensin-converting enzyme (hACE2), which is the cell receptor of SARS-CoV-2 and necessary for the entry of the virus into the cell. In present work, it was shown that intranasal administration of the adeno-associated vectors AAV9 and AAV-DJ encoding the hACE2 provided a high level of expression of ACE2 gene in the lungs of mice. In contrast, the introduction of the AAV6 vector led to a low level ACE2 expression. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 of mice expressing hACE2 in the lungs led to virus replication and development of bronchopneumonia on the 7th day after infection. Thus, a simple method for delivering the human ACE2 gene to mouse lungs by intranasal administration of the AAV vector has been proposed. This approach enabled rapid generation of mouse model for studying coronavirus infection.
Effect of decentration and tilt on four novel extended range of vision intraocular lenses regarding far distance

Purpose To analyze the effect of decentration and tilt on four novel non diffractive extended range of vision intraocular lenses (IOLs). Methods Acrysof Vivity, LuxSmart Crystal, RayOne EMV and Tecnis Eyhance were compared on the optical bench (power of 22 D each). Modulation transfer functions were obtained and Strehl ratio was calculated in an ISO-2 model. Apertures of 3 mm and 4.5 mm were applied. For qualitative assessment, United States Airforce (USAF) chart images were evaluated. Additional to centered IOLs, tilt of 5 degrees and decentration of 1 mm were applied. Results RayOne EMV was very robust against misalignment but had considerable deterioration of modulation transfer function (MTF) for large aperture with USAF images seriously blurred. Tilt and decentration decreased the performance of Eyhance significantly but had minor impact on the performance of Vivity and LuxSmart. For 4.5 mm aperture, MTF and Strehl ratio decreased markedly for all IOLs compared to 3 mm aperture size. The best MTF and Strehl ratio was obtained for Eyhance IOL well centered for both sizes of aperture. Conclusion Tilt and decentration had a major impact on the performance of Eyhance only, which performed best of all IOLs tested when well centered. With large aperture, performance of all IOLs significantly decreased. Manufacturer's different approaches for these novel IOLs to increase depth of focus by increasing spherical aberration lead to a different performance in respect to contrast function and sensitivity to misalignment. Our results apply to the distance vision. Near vision performance will be evaluated in a separate investigation.
Utility of empathy informant report in FTD differential diagnosis

Abstract Objective: Loss of empathy is a hallmark feature of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Change in socioemotional functioning identified by others is often the primary initial presenting concern in this disorder, in contrast to more subtle early cognitive changes and limited patient insight. The present study examined the predictive utility of an empathy informant-report measure for discriminating clinician-diagnosed bvFTD from other dementia syndromes. Method: Data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database were used to study individuals with bvFTD (n = 406) and other dementia syndromes (n = 385). Participants were administered neuropsychological measures and collateral informants completed an informant-report of empathy. Results: Informants reported that patients with bvFTD demonstrated significantly lower levels of empathic concern [F(1, 789) = 120.91, p < . 001, η 2 = 0.13] and perspective taking [F(1, 789) = 153.08, p < . 001, η 2 = 0.16] than patients with other dementia syndromes. These differences were not attributable to the level of global cognitive impairment. Empathy scores were not significantly associated with any neurocognitive measure when controlling for age. ROC curve analyses showed fair to good clinical utility of the informant-report empathy measure for distinguishing bvFTD from non-bvFTD, whereas a traditional measure of executive functioning failed to differentiate the groups. Conclusions: These findings indicate that informant ratings of empathy offer a unique source of clinical information that may be useful in detecting neurobehavioral changes specific to bvFTD before a clear neurocognitive pattern emerges on testing.
LINPACK user's guide

We provide further discussion of the use of least-squares techniques for this and G. W. Stewart, LINPACK Users' Guide (Society of Industrial and Applied. User's Guide for Intel® Math Kernel Library 11.3 for Linux* OS. Revision: Benchmark your cluster with Intel® Optimized MP LINPACK Benchmark for Clusters. Running Linpack on Linux High performance computer. No problem. I need a working guide for hpl if someone can do help me at this. The errors are.
Parity Invariance For String In Twistor Space

Topological string theory with twistor space as the target makes visible some otherwise difficult to see properties of perturbative Yang-Mills theory. But left-right symmetry, which is obvious in the standard formalism, is highly unclear from this point of view. Here we prove that tree diagrams computed from connected $D$-instanton configurations are parity-symmetric. The main point in the proof also works for loop diagrams.
Single-molecule investigations of single-chain cellulose biosynthesis

Significance The most abundant biopolymer, cellulose, is utilized as cellular structural scaffolding capable of harboring life from plants to bacteria. Bacteria produce cellulose in biofilms as a means of physical and chemical protection. Using optical tweezers, we directly measure cellulose polymerization from surface-tethered, nanodisc-bound bacterial cellulose synthase AB complexes. Cellulose biosynthesis is highly processive, maintains a tight grip, and is accompanied by conformational hopping, suggesting that local folding of the fiber may help transport the native strand forward. Stretching of individual cellulose strands exhibits hysteresis due to microstructure unfolding and reveals a persistence length of ∼6 nm and an axial stiffness of ∼40 pN.
PlantBind: an attention-based multi-label neural network for predicting plant transcription factor binding sites

Identification of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) is essential to understanding of gene regulation. Designing computational models for accurate prediction of TFBSs is crucial because it is not feasible to experimentally assay all transcription factors (TFs) in all sequenced eukaryotic genomes. Although many methods have been proposed for the identification of TFBSs in humans, methods designed for plants are comparatively underdeveloped. Here, we present PlantBind, a method for integrated prediction and interpretation of TFBSs based on DNA sequences and DNA shape profiles. Built on an attention-based multi-label deep learning framework, PlantBind not only simultaneously predicts the potential binding sites of 315 TFs, but also identifies the motifs bound by transcription factors. During the training process, this model revealed a strong similarity among TF family members with respect to target binding sequences. Trans-species prediction performance using four Zea mays TFs demonstrated the suitability of this model for transfer learning. Overall, this study provides an effective solution for identifying plant TFBSs, which will promote greater understanding of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in plants.
Mathematical study of the betaplane model: Equatorial waves and convergence results

We are interested in a model of rotating fluids, describing the motion of the ocean in the equatorial zone. This model is known as the Saint-Venant, or shallow-water type system, to which a rotation term is added whose amplitude is linear with respect to the latitude; in particular it vanishes at the equator. After a physical introduction to the model, we describe the various waves involved and study in detail the resonances associated with those waves. We then exhibit the formal limit system (as the rotation becomes large), obtained as usual by filtering out the waves, and prove its wellposedness. Finally we prove three types of convergence results: a weak convergence result towards a linear, geostrophic equation, a strong convergence result of the filtered solutions towards the unique strong solution to the limit system, and finally a "hybrid" strong convergence result of the filtered solutions towards a weak solution to the limit system. In particular we obtain that there are no confined equatorial waves in the mean motion as the rotation becomes large.
Biomechanical and Physiological Evaluation of Biologically-Inspired Hip Assistance With Belt-Type Soft Exosuits

Hip-assisted soft exosuits have been reported for their effect on reducing the metabolic power of human walking. Currently, most studies focus on uni-directional assistance (HF: hip flexion, or HE: hip extension). This paper investigates the effect of bi-directional assistance (HFE: hip flexion and extension) on the biomechanics and physiology of the wearer for understanding the potential benefits in synergistic effect of multi-muscle assistance. A belt-type soft exosuit was developed to provide the bi-directional assistance for augmenting walking. The assistance strategy was presented by imitating the contraction mechanisms of hip flexor and extensor muscles in walking. Tests on 8 healthy subjects were conducted and the results were compared with traditional uni-directional assistance. Metabolic powers, muscle activities, kinematics, and kinetics were measured and analyzed. Results showed that HFE assistance reduced the metabolic power by 7% and 12.4% relative to no exosuit and assistance turned off, respectively, larger than the sum of HF and HE. Furthermore, HFE reduced more total joint positive biological work and the activity of more related muscles, and at the same time increased upward and downward accelerations of body mass center, promoting walking energy exchange. These findings demonstrate that bi-directional assistance by combining hip flexion and extension has a significant synergistic effect on augmenting human walking as well as a benefit of increasing biological efficiency.
Principles of Diffuse Light Propagation: Light Propagation in Tissues with Applications in Biology and Medicine

Scattering and Diffusion The Radiative Transfer Equation The Diffusion Approximation Clouds and Egg White: Examples of Light Diffusion in Nature The Diffusion Equation Spatial Resolution of Diffuse Light Reflection and Transmission of Diffuse Light Index Matched Diffusive/Diffusive Interfaces Index Mismatched Diffusive/Diffusive Interfaces Diffusive/Non-Diffusive Interfaces Multi-Layered Diffusive Media Diffuse Light in Highly Absorbing Media Integral Equations for Diffuse Light in Complex Geometries Removal of Boundaries in Diffuse Media Numerical Solvers: The Solution for Complex Boundaries Diffuse Light Propagation in Free Space Fluorescence in Diffuse Media Pulsed Light Propagation in Diffuse Media Imaging in Diffusive Media: The Inverse Problem Tissue Characterization Using Diffuse Light Diffuse Optical Tomography and Fluorescence Molecular Tomography
Single p197 molecules of the mitochondrial genome segregation system of Trypanosoma brucei determine the distance between basal body and outer membrane

Significance Segregation of the replicated single unit mitochondrial genome of Trypanosoma brucei requires a large hardwired structure that connects the organellar DNA with the flagellar basal body. The cytosolic part of this structure consists of filaments made of p197 molecules, a protein with a molecular weight of approximately 660 kDa. The N terminus of p197 is anchored to the peripheral mitochondrial outer membrane protein TAC65, whereas its C terminus connects to the base of the basal body. The large α-helical central domain of p197 consists of approximately 26 repeats each 175 aa in length. It provides a flexible spacer that connects the outer membrane with the basal body and determines the distance between the two structures.
Thermal conductivity/diffusivity of Nd3+ doped GdVO4, YVO4, LuVO4, and Y3Al5O12 by temperature wave analysis

Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of single crystals of Nd3+ doped GdVO4, YVO4, LuVO4, and Y3Al5O12 are precisely measured over a wide range of doping concentration from 0.5to15at. % by temperature wave analysis. Thermal diffusivity serves as the most sensitive parameter to detect the effect of doping on thermal properties, where Nd3+ doped GdVO4 exhibits a decrease in thermal diffusivity (it has changed about 20% in their values in the c axis) but an increase in heat capacity (only 1.7%). It has long been understood that the thermal conductivity of YVO4 is inferior to that of Y3Al5O12; however, the thermal conductivity of YVO4 in the c axis shows the highest value in all four crystals compared at 1at. % of Nd3+ doping concentration. Thermal conductivity exhibits a decrease (∝e−1∕2, e: mass variance) with an increase of doping concentration, that is characteristic of Klemens’ point defect model for the phonon scattering. In the numerical fitting, the anisotropic decrease of thermal conductivity i.
Neuromuscular function in experimental disuse – a prime suspect?

Most people will, throughout their lifetime, experience periods of muscle unloading, disuse and inactivity, relating to disease, injury or hospitalization. Today, physical inactivity of either short or long duration is acknowledged as a factor contributing to the development of several diseases (Booth et al., 2017). However, bed-rest was an integral part of the medical treatment of many diseases as late as the 1970s (Burch & McDonald, 1971), and even today patients spend the majority of their time either sitting or lying down (Baldwin et al., 2017). One of the striking features of experimental disuse (bed-rest, dry immersion, limb immobilization or limb suspension) is the well-described incongruent decline in muscle function relative to muscle mass (Marusic et al., 2021), as illustrated in Fig. 1, which indicates a malfunction somewhere along the path from a signal being generated in the motor cortex to the resulting muscle contraction. This observation serves as a focal point, from which one can ponder what the involved mechanisms might be. In two new articles published in The Journal of Physiology, an alteration within the neuromuscular system in response to disuse is the prime suspect. In these studies, young men were investigated before and after disuse induced by limb immobilization (Inns et al., 2022) or limb suspension (Sarto et al., 2022), with assessment of muscle function (strength and power) and muscle mass. Strength relative to mass (specific force) declined by >15% in both studies, confirming the disproportionally larger debilitating effect of disuse on function relative to mass. Intramuscular EMG during submaximal isometric contractions was used in both studies to assess neuromuscular alterations after disuse. Inns et al. (2022) recruited 10 men (mean ± SD, 23.7 ± 3.4 years of age), who underwent 15 days of unilateral limb immobilization using a leg brace on one leg (experimental leg), and an air-boot on the other leg (control leg). Using this design, the authors made within-subject comparisons between the immobilized and the control leg. Motor unit potential (MUP) area and amplitude, which are measures that represent the sum of all muscle fibres belonging to a single motor unit, were reduced by immobilization, suggesting fibre atrophy and/or partial denervation. Furthermore, they also found that immobilization led to a reduction in motor unit (MU) firing rate and an increase in MUP complexity, while jiggle, a measure of neuromuscular junction instability, remained unaltered. No changes were seen in the control leg. Overall, these findings are strongly supportive of neuromuscular malfunction as a factor explaining why the loss of muscle function is more pronounced than the loss of muscle mass.
Top Physics in ATLAS

F0 0.57 ± 0.11 0.75 ± 0.08 0.70 ± 0.10 FL 0.35 ± 0.06 0.25 ± 0.08 0.31 ± 0.07 FR 0.09 ± 0.09 Fixed 0 -0.01 ± 0.04 Allowed regions for the Wtb anomalous couplings Generic signature stop pair production, Little Higgs,3rd gen. leptoquarks, UED with KK parity, . Benchmark model Pair-produced vector ʻquarkʼ T decaying to top and a scalar neutral A0 (DM candidate) : cross section higher than stop due to spin states