Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Smartphone Indoor Positioning System Using Hybrid Localization Technology

As smartphone built-in sensors, wireless technologies, and processor computing power become more advanced and global positioning system (GPS)-based positioning technologies are improving, location-based services (LBS) have become a part of our daily lives. At the same time, demand has grown for LBS applications in indoor environments, such as indoor path finding and navigation, marketing, entertainment, and location-based information retrieval. In this paper, we demonstrate the design and implementation of a smartphone-based indoor LBS system for location services consisting of smartphone applications and a server. The proposed indoor LBS system uses hybrid indoor positioning methods based on Bluetooth beacons, Geomagnetic field, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors, and smartphone cameras and can be used for three types of indoor LBS applications. The performance of each positioning method demonstrates that our system retains the desired accuracy under experimental conditions. As these results illustrate that our system can maintain positioning accuracy to within 2 m 80% of the time, we believe our system can be a real solution for various indoor positioning service needs.
Piezo1 Induces Local Curvature in a Mammalian Membrane and Forms Specific Protein-Lipid Interactions

Touch, hearing, and blood pressure control require mechanically-gated ion channels that convert mechanical stimuli into electrical currents. Piezo1 and Piezo2 were recently identified as essential eukaryotic mechanically-gated ion channels, yet how they respond to physical forces remains poorly understood. Here we use a multi-disciplinary approach to interrogate the interaction of Piezo1 with its lipid environment. We show that individual Piezo1 channels induce significant local curvature in the membrane that is magnified in a cooperative manner to generate larger curved ‘Piezo1 pits. ’ Curvature decreases under lateral membrane tension, consistent with a hypothesis that force detection can involve sensing changes to local curvature. The protein alters its local membrane composition, enriching specific lipids and forming essential binding sites for phosphoinositides and cholesterol that are functionally relevant and often related to Piezo1-mediated pathologies. Finally, we show that Piezo1 alters the expression of lipid-regulating proteins and modifies the cellular lipidome. In short, we find that lipids influence Piezo1 activity and Piezo1 influences the local morphology and composition of the bilayer as well as the cellular lipidome.
Wireless Visual Sensor Networks Energy Optimization Based on New Entropy Model

Last advances in low power sensors has led to the development of wireless visual sensor networks. These networks comparing to traditional wireless sensor networks provides valuable visual information, therefor are suitable for surveillance and control applications. One of the important challenges in wireless visual sensor networks is energy consumption. Therefore, in this paper we address the problem of energy optimization in wireless visual sensor networks. The entropy of the captured images in each camera node sensor as a quality criteria is used. For realization of this goal, we introduced a new formula for expressing the entropy of captured image in each camera node. This model is a function of the distance between camera node and target and the angel between the main view line of camera and the target. Then, we introduced a new formula which expresses the relation between the image entropy and the number of bits required for displaying image pixel value. In next step, we proposed node selection algorithm based on entropy. For proposing our algorithm, first optimization of energy consumption is formulated, then the problem is solved as a convex problem. We used from CVX library in MATLAB and Log-Barrier Method for solving our problem and shown the simulation result of them. Finally, we compare our proposed algorithm with MDT benchmark algorithm, CVX and Log-Barrier algorithms. Also we compare the sensitivity to error for both algorithms.
Gene-Gene interactions and pleiotropy in the brain nicotinic pathway associated with the heaviness and precocity of tobacco smoking among outpatients with multiple substance use disorders

Introduction Tobacco smoking is a major health burden worldwide, especially in populations suffering from other substance use disorders (SUDs). Several smoking phenotypes have been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Yet, little is known about the genetics of tobacco smoking in populations with other SUDs, particularly regarding gene-gene interactions and pleiotropy, which are likely involved in the polygenic architecture of SUDs. Thus, we undertook a candidate pathway association study of nAChR-related genes and smoking phenotypes in a sample of SUD patients. Methods 493 patients with genetically-verified Caucasian ancestry were characterized extensively regarding patterns of tobacco smoking, other SUDs, and 83 SNPs from the nicotinic pathway, encompassing all brain nAChR subunits and metabolic/chaperone/trafficking proteins. Single-SNP, gene-based and SNP × SNP interactions analyses were performed to investigate associations with relevant tobacco smoking phenotypes. This included Bayesian analyses to detect pleiotropy, and adjustment on clinical and sociodemographic confounders. Results After multiple adjustment, we found independent associations between CHRNA3 rs8040868 and a higher number of cigarettes per day (CPD), and between RIC3 rs11826236 and a lower age at smoking initiation. Two SNP × SNP interactions were associated with age at onset (AAO) of daily smoking. There was pleiotropy regarding three SNPs in CHRNA3 (CPD, AAO daily smoking), ACHE (CPD, HSI) and CHRNB4 (CPD, both AAOs). Discussion Despite limitations, the present study shows that the genetics of tobacco smoking in SUD patients are both distinct and partially shared across smoking phenotypes, and involve metabolic and chaperone effectors of the nicotinic pathway.
Phylogeny of Macronematinae (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) based on molecular and morphological analyses

Abstract The phylogenetic relationships among the members of Macronematinae (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) have long been debated and often revised. Our study based on a large subunit (28S) nuclear ribosomal DNA (D2 expansion fragment; 464 base pairs) of gene sequences found all genera to be monophyletic except for the genus Polymorphanisus Walker, which produced two clades in accordance with its species groups established using morphological characters. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (658 base pairs) found the same monophyletic relationships, however, except for the genera Polymorphanisus and Macrostemum Kolenati. The placement of the genus Leptonema Guérin-Méneville as the basal clade in the subfamily was also ruled out, which is consistent with previous morphological findings. The monophyly of two previously recognised tribes (Macronematini and Polymorphanisini) was not supported. We also found that the genera Centromacronema Ulmer, Baliomorpha Neboiss, and Macronema Pictet are most closely related, having three head setal warts on the vertex of the head and unsegmented inferior appendages of male genitalia as their synapomorphies. Our study supported the hypothesis of close relationship of the genera Amphipsyche McLachlan and Protomacronema Ulmer with the morphological synapomorphies: absence of a forewing discoidal cell and the presence of elevated head carinae on the larvae. Some notable evolutionary novelties in the structure of adults in various lineages of this subfamily include reduction of maxillae and labium, reduction and loss of a discoidal cell and evolution of a c-sc crossvein in each forewing, fusion of segments in each male inferior appendage, and evolution of dark colour patterns in the forewings. Also, the head setal warts, which are unique organs in Trichoptera, evolved towards a decreasing number in the subfamily. This first molecular phylogenetic study, covering most genera in Macronematinae and including an interpretation of 12 key evolutionary novelties, provides an important basis for resolving long-standing questions regarding phylogenetic relationships and classification of genera and species and helps lay a stronger foundation for inference of testable hypotheses about functional traits for species of this common and widespread subfamily.
Asaccotrema vietnamiense n. gen.; n. sp. (Trematoda: Monorchioidea), a new aberrant representative of lissorchiid trematodes from the sidestripe rasbora, Rasbora paviana Tirant (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae), Vietnam.

In this paper we erect Asaccotrema n. gen. of Lissorchiidae Magath, 1917 (Trematoda, Monorchioidea) and provide a description of Asaccotrema vietnamiense n. sp. , that infects freshwater fish in Vietnam. The morphology of Asaccotrema n. gen. is significantly different from that of other lissorchiid genera due to the absence of the cirrus-sac, and position of the genital pore sublaterally, near the middle level of the esophagus. The male terminal genitalia are characterized by the presence of the seminal vesicle, which is surrounded by prostate gland-cells, a tubular pars prostatica and a long unarmed ejaculatory duct. The terminal portion of the cluster of prostate gland-cells, which surrounds pars prostatica and the distal end of seminal vesicle, is covered with a thin-walled open-ended membrane, and the other constituents of the male terminal genitalia are naked. Asaccotrema vietnamiense n. sp. specimens are found as progenetic metacercariae on the liver of the sidestripe rasbora, Rasbora paviana Tirant (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). A partial sequence was obtained for the 28S rRNA gene (rDNA) of A. vietnamiense n. sp. The 28S rDNA-based phylogenetic analyses support the integration of A. vietnamiense n. sp. into the Lissorchiidae clade, which also includes Lissorchis kritskyi Barnhart Powell, 1979 and Asymphylodora perccotti Besprozvanykh, Ermolenko Atopkin, 2012. This is the second record of a lissorchiid species in fish in Vietnam.
A W-Band 6-Bit Phase Shifter With 7 dB Gain and 1.35° RMS Phase Error in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS

This brief presents a W-band 6-bit active phase shifter fabricated in $0.13~\mu \text{m}$ SiGe BiCMOS process. A wideband quadrature signal generator composed of a 90-degree hybrid and a pair of transformers is exploited for low insertion loss and superior balance. Conventional architecture used in gain control unit is replaced by a novel phase inverter-embedded variable gain amplifier to achieve a high gain and low complexity. In addition, a balun-first combiner with symmetrical layout is utilized at the output to keep as low the imbalance of I/Q paths as possible. The proposed phase shifter exhibits a record average gain of 7 dB at 79 GHz with a 3-dB bandwidth from 71.5 to 84.5 GHz. The variation of gain remains below 2.1 dB over 64 phase states. The measured RMS phase error is 1.35° at 78 GHz and remains below 3.5° from 72 to 82 GHz. The RMS gain error is measured to be 0.46 dB at 75 GHz and keeps less than 0.76 dB from 71 to 82 GHz. The measured input 1dB compression point amounts to −10 dBm. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this brief presents the lowest RMS phase error (1.35°) and the highest gain (7 dB) compared with the reported silicon-based W-band active phase shifters.
A 5-MHz bandwidth 78.1-dB SNDR 2-2 MASH delta-sigma modulator

ABSTRACT This paper presents a 4-bit, 2–2 multi-stage noise shaping (MASH) delta-sigma modulator (DSM) fabricated using a 0.18 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. The DSM was designed using a cascade-of-integrators with a feedforward (CIFF) structure. The first integrator was designed to reduce the loading effect of the system’s front-end circuit using a switched-resistor integrator instead of the conventional switched-capacitor method. The CIFF structure requires an active adder, which is generally implemented with a high-bandwidth high-swing amplifier. In this paper, the active adder is eliminated and an adder-less integrator is implemented in the MASH DSM. The DSM prototype has an over-sampling ratio (OSR) of 16 and a 160 MHz sampling frequency. The prototype’s measured signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 82.4 dB and the signal-to-noise-plus-distortion ratio (SNDR) is 78.1 dB for a signal bandwidth of 5 MHz. The measured total power consumption is 26 mW at a 1.8 V supply voltage, and the chip core size is 0.67 mm2. The energy required per conversion step is 0.4 pJ/conv.
Evolution from total variation to nonlinear sparsifying transform for sparse-view CT image reconstruction

Sparse-view CT has been widely studied as an effective strategy for reducing radiation dose to patients. However, the conventional image reconstruction algorithms, such as filtered back-projection method and classical algebraic reconstruction techniques, can no longer be competent in the image reconstruction task of sparse-view CT. A new principle, called compressed sensing (CS), has been therefore developed to provide an effective solution for the ill-posed inverse problem of sparse-view CT image reconstruction. Total variation (TV) minimization, which is most extensively studied among the existing CS techniques, has been recognized as a powerful tool for dealing with this difficult problem in image reconstruction community. However, in recent years, the drawbacks of TV are being increasingly reported, which are appearance of patchy artifacts, depict of incorrect object boundaries, and loss in image textures or smooth intensity changes. These degradations appear especially in reconstructing actual CT images with complicated intensity changes. In order to address these drawbacks, a series of advanced algorithms using nonlinear sparsifying transform (NLST) have been proposed very recently. The NLST-based CS is based on a different framework from the TV, and it achieves an improvement in image quality. Since it is a relatively newly proposed idea, within the scope of our knowledge, there exist few literatures that discusses comprehensively how the image quality improvement occurs in comparison with the conventional TV method. In this study, we investigated the image quality differences between the conventional TV minimization and the NLST-based CS, as well as image quality differences among different kinds of NLST-based CS algorithms in the sparse-view CT image reconstruction. More specifically, image reconstructions of actual CT images of different body parts were carried out to demonstrate the image quality differences.
Development of mass media text-based instructional materials to improve critical reading skills of university students

Critical thinking competency is one of the requirements for university graduates to succeed. Critical reading skills learning can accommodate the development of the critical thinking competency. Therefore, this study was designed to develop instructional materials for the students to learn the skills. The present study was carried out following some steps of research and development study that includes a preliminary study, the development of product prototype, tryout, and the effectiveness test. This study involved 82 pre-service Indonesian teachers studying at Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia. Data was collected through a questionnaire, an experts’ validation sheet, and a test on critical reading skills. The results of the study indicated that instructional materials developed with a complete and integrated structure, involving the activity of conceptualizing, modeling, and practicing are effective in improving students’ critical reading skills. The characteristics of mass media texts are highly appropriate for habituating students to evaluate, respond to, and reflect on information critically. The instructional materials developed in this study can be used by the university students in learning and support the development of students’ 21st-century learning competency. Keywords: instructional materials, critical reading, critical thinking, language skills.
Performance of Kids Fed Berseem Silage Alone or Mixed with Barely,Napier Grass or Rod Grass.

This study was conducted to investigate the growth performance, of fattening kids fed berseem silage alone or mixed with either , barley, hybrid Napier grass or Rod grass . Thirty-two growing Zaraibi kids of four months age and averaged 13.19 kg live body weight were used to this study.The animals were distributed on four feeding treatments (8 heads each),were used in this study . The experiment included two stages. The first stage represents a growing period 140 days ,during which the kids were fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) to cover 50 % of protein requirements recommended by NRC(1989). In addition to ad libitum silage supplement, where (100 % berseem silage) was offered to group1(G1),(50 % berseem+50 %barley silage) to group 2 (G2),( 50% berseem+50% hybrid Napier grass silage) to group 3(G3) and (50% berseem+50% Rod grass silage) to group 4 (G4). Second stage the ( finishing period 60 days) all experimental groups were fed 60% concentrate feed mixture (CFM)+ 20% berseem hay+20% rice straw. The results showed that , during the first stage ( growing period of 140 days) the substitution of mixture of Rod grass x berseem silage G4 ) and hybrid Napeir grass x berseem silage(G3) significantly (p > 0.05) increased live body weight , body weight gain , protein and energy efficiency ratios compared with kids fed other dietary treatment groups. Moreover, final body weight ( finishing period 60 days) the kids fed G4 and G3 rations were significantly (p>0.05) higher than those fed others tested rations. While feed intake as well as ( DM , CP ,TDN ,DCP, protein and energy) were significantly (p>0.05) higher for kids fed control (G1) followed by those fed barely x berseem silage ration (G2) than kids fed Rod grass x berseem silage(G4)and hybrid Napeir grass x berseem silage(G3). However feed conversion ratio was the best for Rod grass x berseem silage(G4)followed by hybrid Napeir grass x berseem silage(G3). Meanwhile , the results illustrated that kids fed Rod grass x berseem silage (G4) improved (p>0.05) most nutrients digestibility and feeding values as TDN and DCP compared with other tested rations . The average daily feed intake by kids fed control and barely rations during growing period were significantly (p >0.05) higher than others . Average daily feed intake by kids during finishing period showed that kids fed control (G1) and barely x berseem silage(G2) had the highest DM intake . However, kids fed ration contained Rod grass x berseem silage (G4) and hybrid Napier grass x berseem silage(G3)showed the lowest DM intake. It could be concluded that Rod grass mixing with berseem silage(G4) , hybrid Napier grass with berseem silage(G3) and barely with berseem silage(G2) as silages in growing kids nutrition led to improve digestibility of most nutrients, increase daily gain , feed conversion and higher economic return and economic efficiency during the whole fattening period .
A dynamic pattern of local auxin sources is required for root regeneration

Following removal of its stem cell niche, the root meristem can regenerate by recruitment of remnant cells from the stump. Regeneration is initiated by rapid accumulation of auxin near the injury site but the source of this auxin is unknown. Here, we show that auxin accumulation arises from the activity of multiple auxin biosynthetic sources that are newly specified near the cut site and that their continuous activity is required for the regeneration process. Auxin synthesis is highly localized and PIN-mediate transport is dispensable for auxin accumulation and tip regeneration. Roots lacking the activity of the regeneration competence factor ERF115, or that are dissected at a zone of low-regeneration potential, fail to activate local auxin sources. Remarkably, restoring auxin supply is sufficient to confer regeneration capacity to these recalcitrant tissues. We suggest that regeneration competence relies on the ability to specify new local auxin sources in a precise spatio-temporal pattern.
RANCANG BANGUN MONITORING KETINGGIAN AIR DAN SISTEM KONTROL PADA PINTU AIR BERBASIS ARDUINO DAN SMS GATEWAY

Ketinggian permukaan air pada sungai adalah salah satu parameter yang perlu diukur untuk mendeteksi banjir secara dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan prototype system peringatan dini banjir dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonic yang diintergrasikan dengan arduino uno untuk mengukur ketinggian air. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan yaitu : Arduino Uno, sensor ultrasonic, modul GSM shield sebagai media pengirim dan penerima sms yang ditambahkan agar system dapat member informasi mengenai ketinggian air serta peringatan SIAGA I, SIAGA II dan SIAGA III melalui pesan singkat dan member perintah untuk menutup atau membuka pintu air, motor dc (gear box) digunakan untuk memodelkan pintu air pada sungai tersebut, dan relay sebagai pemutus dan penghubung arus. Metode dan prosedur yang digunakan adalah, Perencanaan, Pengumpulan Bahan, Pembuatan Miniatur system, Perancangan Hardware, dan Pembuatan program arduino dengan menggabungkan modul GSM Shield dan sensor ultrasonic. Hasil dan Pembahasan dari penelitian yang didapat adalah sensor ultrasonic dapat membaca ketinggian air dan modul GSM Shield dapat mengirimkan informasi data ketinggian air yang sudah dibaca oleh sensor ultrasonic, serta miniatur pintu air dapat membuka dan menutup sesuai dengan perintah yang dikirim melalui pesan singkat oleh operator.Kata kunci: Ketinggian air,Peringatan dini banjir, GSM shield, Arduino Uno, sensor ultrasonic
First description of the sexual stage of Venturia effusa, causal agent of pecan scab

Venturia effusa, cause of pecan scab, is the most prevalent disease of pecan in the southeastern USA; epidemics of the disease regularly result in economic losses to the pecan industry. Recent characterization of the mating type distribution revealed the frequency of the MAT idiomorphs are in equilibrium at various spatial scales, indicative of regular sexual recombination. However, the occurrence of the sexual stage of V. effusa has never been observed, and the pathogen was previously believed to rely entirely on asexual reproduction. To explore the existence of a sexual cycle, we paired opposite mating types on oatmeal culture media. In initial experiments, cultures were incubated at 24 C for 2 mo for hyphal interactions to occur between mating types and then maintained at 4 C for 4 mo. Immature pseudothecia were initially observed but following exposure to a 12 h photoperiod for 2 weeks at 24 C, asci and ascospores developed. Further experiments explored the effect of time on pseudothecial development with 4 mo at 4 C as the optimal requirement. The results of this study demonstrate the heterothallic nature of V. effusa. Following experiments investigated progeny from a sexual cross of an albino and a wild-type isolate. Evaluation of isolate pigmentation, mating type, and multilocus genotyping of single ascospore progeny provided evidence that recombination occurred within the sexual crosses. The impact of determining the source of the overwintering ascostroma will aid in management decisions to reduce the primary inoculum in the disease cycle.