Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Academic Leadership for Effective Governance in HEIs

This paper made a study on academic leadership and found that leadership in academic field poses problems that are noticeably different than leadership in government agencies and companies.Paper absorbed that academic leaders need to work closely with teaching, learning, research, and scholarship to bring out the best among academics. A literature survey is done on academic leadership in higher education (HE) and issues on freedom of academic, which shows the great importance and relevance in this context. The paper discusses the University Governance Architecture and New Education Policy (NEP) for leadership and effective governance in HEIs, Academic Leadership, and selection of administrators according to NEP-2020. Paper discussed Transforming Regulatory System of HE in NEP-2020, Financing HEIs through the new body called HEGC (Higher Education Grants Council), General Education Council, PSSB (Professional Standard-Setting Bodies) designed in NEP-2020, and the Institutional Development Planning. Introduction Academic leadership poses problems that are noticeably different than in the businesses and government agencies, and differences were found in the style of leadership among the three types of leaders. Academic leaders need to works along with teaching, learning, research, and scholarship to bring out the best among academics. This study helps leaders working at tertiary institutions to reflect on their qualities as academic leaders, and such reflection may also help to improve their leadership style to achieve positive outcomes. The following personalities needed to become successful Institution leaders. 1. Leaders understand the importance of community building. 2. Leaders empower teachers and cultivate leadershipskills. 3. Leaders utilize data and resources. 4. Leaders have a vision and aplan. 5. Leaders create collaborative and inclusive learningenvironments. 6. Leaders are passionate about their works. 7. Leaders encourage risk-taking. 8. Leaders lead by example (Rolemodel). 9. Leaders persevere – Staying withan institution for at least fiveyears. 10. Leaders are life long learners. OPEN ACCESS
Rule-based inferencing diagnosis in HBIM

The aim of this paper is the implementation of a methodological workflow for the diagnosis of masonry settlings, within the HBIM approach, developing a rule-based logical inference tool in Visual Programming Language. The rule-based inferencing diagnosis is a guided process, which increases the confidence factor about settlings and actual causes, on the basis of surveyors’ technical insights and evidences. The final step is the suggestion of appropriate interventions. The results show that inference logic is directly applicable to the diagnosis problem; their efficacy depends on i) the structured parametric and data modelling of decay patterns in the HBIM model and ii) the knowledge base training. The application has been validated on a case study, Masseria Don Cataldo (Bari, South Italy).
A Biomedical Knowledge Graph System to Propose Mechanistic Hypotheses for Real-World Environmental Health Observations: Cohort Study and Informatics Application

Background Knowledge graphs are a common form of knowledge representation in biomedicine and many other fields. We developed an open biomedical knowledge graph–based system termed Reasoning Over Biomedical Objects linked in Knowledge Oriented Pathways (ROBOKOP). ROBOKOP consists of both a front-end user interface and a back-end knowledge graph. The ROBOKOP user interface allows users to posit questions and explore answer subgraphs. Users can also posit questions through direct Cypher query of the underlying knowledge graph, which currently contains roughly 6 million nodes or biomedical entities and 140 million edges or predicates describing the relationship between nodes, drawn from over 30 curated data sources. Objective We aimed to apply ROBOKOP to survey data on workplace exposures and immune-mediated diseases from the Environmental Polymorphisms Registry (EPR) within the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Methods We analyzed EPR survey data and identified 45 associations between workplace chemical exposures and immune-mediated diseases, as self-reported by study participants (n= 4574), with 20 associations significant at P<. 05 after false discovery rate correction. We then used ROBOKOP to (1) validate the associations by determining whether plausible connections exist within the ROBOKOP knowledge graph and (2) propose biological mechanisms that might explain them and serve as hypotheses for subsequent testing. We highlight the following three exemplar associations: carbon monoxide-multiple sclerosis, ammonia-asthma, and isopropanol-allergic disease. Results ROBOKOP successfully returned answer sets for three queries that were posed in the context of the driving examples. The answer sets included potential intermediary genes, as well as supporting evidence that might explain the observed associations. Conclusions We demonstrate real-world application of ROBOKOP to generate mechanistic hypotheses for associations between workplace chemical exposures and immune-mediated diseases. We expect that ROBOKOP will find broad application across many biomedical fields and other scientific disciplines due to its generalizability, speed to discovery and generation of mechanistic hypotheses, and open nature.
Widespread Mitochondrial DNA Methylation Drift Contributes to Postoperative Delirium in Young and Old Mice

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to the etiopathogenesis of postoperative delirium (POD), which severely affects the prognosis of elderly patients undergoing surgery. The methylation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a new and incompletely described phenomenon that regulates the structure and function of mitochondria, is associated with aging. However, the relationship between mtDNA methylation and POD has not been established. Methods: 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) at 5 CpG sites of the displacement loop (D-loop) and at 60 CpG sites of coding gene loci in the mitochondrial genome after surgery of the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex in 6- and 18-month-old mice were detected using bisulfite pyrosequencing. Mitochondrial structure, mitochondrial gene expression and mtDNA copy number were also examined using Electron microscopy and real time PCR to find the association with mtDNA methylationResults: The mtDNA methylation drift manifested as a decrease in the methylation levels at the D-loop and an increase or decrease in the methylation levels at several coding gene loci, ultimately resulting in reduced mtDNA copy numbers, altered mitochondrial gene expression, and damaged mitochondrial structures in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex after surgery. The activation of Silent information regulator-1 (SIRT1) ameliorated anesthesia- and surgery-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and delirium-like behaviors by regulating mtDNA methyltransferase-mediated mtDNA methylation. Conclusions: These data support the existence of epigenetic mtDNA regulation in POD; however, further studies are required to explore the specific mechanisms.
A Rational Framework for Development Iranian Twin Registry: Lessons Learned from Developed Twin Registries

Background: Regarding technology advancement in health sciences and the possibility of recording and organizing a huge amount of data, registries in various clinical domains have been established. The specific genetic structure of twins has enabled researchers to find answers to role of genetics and environment in medical sciences. Thus, twin registries were developed across the world to support twin studies. The main objective of this study is devising a conceptual model for developing the Iranian twin registry to ensure the success of this registry. Methods: In this descriptive and qualitative study, the combination of literature review, brainstorming, and focus group discussions were applied to develop a conceptual model of the twin registry. Based on our qualitative and thematic analysis, the workflow of information gathering and different data levels are described in this study. Results: According to the characteristics of established worldwide twin registries, the success factors in registry implementation were recognized. Moreover, based on our objectives, the hierarchical conceptual model of the registry was invented. The source of information, the different levels of data, and the information flow were determined based on this model. The workflow modeling of data gathering was represented through this survey to clarify the data collection and saving processes. Conclusion: Suggesting a conceptual model and standard framework for twin registry development at the national level based on the experiences of other countries could guide researchers in twin registries implementation efficiently. Moreover, the next steps of implementing a twin registry in a standardized and stepwise way are outlined in this project.
Quantifying the utility of personalized treatment decision rules : extending and comparing two metrics for summarizing the heterogeneity of treatment effects

The treatment benefit prediction model is a type of clinical prediction model that quantifies the magnitude of treatment benefit given an individual's unique characteristics. As the topic of treatment effect modelling is relatively new, quantifying and summarizing the performance of treatment benefit models are not well studied. The ‘concordance-statistic for benefit’ and the ‘concentration of benefit index’ are two newly developed metrics that evaluate the discriminative ability of the treatment benefit prediction. However, the similarities and differences between these two metrics are not yet explored. We compare and contrast the metrics from conceptual, theoretical, and empirical perspectives and illustrate the application of the metrics. We consider the common scenario of a logistic regression model for a binary response developed based on data from a randomized controlled trial with two treatment arms. This thesis provides two major contributions: first, the two metrics are expanded into three pairs of metrics, each having a particular scope; second, it provides results of theoretical and simulation studies that compare and contrast the construct and empirical behaviour of these metrics. We found that the heterogeneity of treatment effect appropriately influences these metrics. Metrics related to the ‘concordance-statistic for benefit’ are sensitive to the unobservable correlation between counterfactual outcomes. In a case study, we quantify the metrics in a randomized controlled trial of acute myocardial infarction therapies on 30-day mortality. We conclude that these metrics help understand the heterogeneity of treatment effect and the consequent impact on treatment decision-making.
Tunnel current across linear homocatenated germanium chains

The electronic transport properties of germanium oligomers catenating into linear chains (linear Ge chains) have been theoretically studied using first principle methods. The conduction mechanism of a Ge chain sandwiched between gold electrodes was analyzed based on the density of states and the eigenstates of the molecule in a two-probe environment. Like that of silicon chains (Si chains), the highest occupied molecular orbital of Ge chains contains the extended σ-conjugation of Ge 4p orbitals at energy levels close to the Fermi level; this is in contrast to the electronic properties of linear carbon chains. Furthermore, the conductance of a Ge chain is expected to decrease exponentially with molecular length L. The decay constant β, which is defined as e−βL, of a Ge chain is similar to that of a Si chain, whereas the conductance of the Ge chains is higher than that of Si chains even though the Ge–Ge bond length is longer than the Si–Si bond length.
Influence of Error Factors in Marketing Research: A Monte Carlo Method Based Analysis in the Retail Context

Marketing decisions are often based on empirically collected data and the goodness of data plays an important role here. Data quality can be affected by several types of errors, which are distinguished in particular into systematic and random errors, and is also influenced by the sample size. Accordingly, market researchers have to consider the goodness of data and should know which factors will have which kind of influence. In our paper, the influence of different factors of the goodness of data in the vibrant retail context will be investigated within a Monte Carlo experiment. For this purpose, a real empirical data set (n=1,500) of a survey regarding buying behavior in stationary and online shopping is used as “true” data and will be compared with “generated” data. The “generated” data are randomly disturbed and systematically varied alternatives of the “true” data. The data sets will be compared with respect to their conformity values and allow influence estimations.
Study on the comprehensive evaluation of low carbon city based on PSR model and normalized index transformation

Referring the “stress-state-response” (PSR) model, the index system of low-carbon city was constructed. The Immune Evolution Chaos Weed Algorithm was used to optimize the Weber Fechner index formula and the universal Carson index formula. A low-carbon city evaluation method was established and applied to evaluate the low-carbon development level of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing in 2015. The results showed that the evaluation results of the Weber Fechner index formula and the universal Carson index formula for the four cities were basically the same. The low-carbon development level (Weber Fechner Composite Index XI) of the four cities in 2015 was ranked as follows: Beijing (0.590), Shanghai (0.499), Tianjin (0.467), Chongqing (0.461).
Variation of Tasks as a Strategy to Enhance Students’ Learning of Algebra

Algebra challenges students and teachers alike. Students find algebra abstract. In particular the structural conception of algebra confounds students. Why should the task: (a) simplify (cid:1876) (cid:2870) (cid:3397) 3(cid:1876) (cid:3397) 2 be any different from; (b) solve (cid:1876) (cid:2870) (cid:3397) 3(cid:1876) (cid:3397) 2 = 0? Despite their best efforts, teachers find that many students continue to solve task (a) when there is no reason for doing so. Research shows that these two tasks require students to have constructed different meanings of structure and meanings of letters for such algebraic objects. What does it mean to simplify and what does it mean to solve? What meanings do letters have in each of these cases? In this talk, I wish to share how simple yet innovative strategies could be used to help students discern one set of tasks from another. These strategies, underpinned by the theory of variation (Marton & Tsui, 2004) were tested out by teachers in Singapore. Their work showed that students improved in their performance with various types of algebra tasks. Students’ improvements were reflected in terms of their capacity to justify their choices.
Livestock Husbandry and Smallholder Response to Shocks in Southern Zambia

This study aims to provide information on smallholder farmer access to livestock inputs and services and their husbandry practices in normal and shock years. A combination of qualitative techniques (community mapping with cards; scoring; etc) and a set of carefully designed semi-structured questionnaires were used to elicit information about the underlying livelihoods. The survey areas were purposively selected bearing in mind the geographical variations in levels of vulnerability and the intra-district variations in production potential and market access. Inter-household variations within each sampled community were taken care of by categorizing the households into three poverty groups (non-poor, poor and extremely poor) and implementing a sampling strategy that ensured adequate representation of each. The results suggest a strong need to improve not only public service delivery to the livestock sector but also to devise a multi-faceted system for enhancing productivity and market participation. This is especially critical during shock times.
Potential of the Japanese Version of PainDETECT questionnaire for Patients with Chronic Orofacial Pain and Psychiatric Comorbidities: A preliminary study

Background Various questionnaires have been introduced and validated as methods for screening of neuropathic pain, but none have been established for the orofacial region. Although chronic pain and depression are likely to comorbid, few studies have examined the relationship between chronic pain in the orofacial region and depression. Therefore, we evaluated the potential of the Japanese Version of PainDETECT as an assessment tool for neuropathic pain associated with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP). We also evaluated the depression scale such as Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI: a subjective index) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS: an objective index) with BMS or PIFP. Methods We administered the Japanese version of the PainDETECT questionnaire to the patients with BMS (29 patients) and PIFP (17 patients). We performed BDI and HDRS with BMS or PIFP. We also evaluated the correlation between the PainDETECT final score and BDI or HDRS. The questionnaire was also used to evaluate post-extraction pain which is a typical nociceptive pain (EXT 16 patients). All subjects underwent a psychiatric evaluation by a trained psychiatrist. Results Although PainDETECT final score was significantly higher in the BMS [median: 10] compared with the PIFP [6] (p=0.016) and EXT [5] (p=0.005), both BMS and PIFP did not reach the cutoff value. HDRS was significantly higher in the BMS [7] than the PIFP [3.5] (p =0.04). There were no significant differences between the BMS [14] and PIFP [9] in BDI. There was little correction between the PainDETECT final score and BDI or HDRS. Conclusion We cloud not say that the Japanese version of the PainDETECT questionnaire have sufficient potential as a pain assessment tool for patients with BMS and PIFP. Although there was little correlation between depression and PainDETECT final score for patients with BMS or PIFP, BMS was comorbid with depression objectively than PIFP.
Evaluation of Galdieria sulphuraria and Chlorella vulgaris for the Bioremediation of Produced Water

Produced water (PW) is the largest waste stream generated by the oil and gas industry. Traditional treatment of PW burdens the industry with significant expenses and environmental issues. Alternatively, microalgal-based bioremediation of PW is often viewed as an ecologically safe and sustainable platform for treating PW. Moreover, the nutrients in PW could support algal growth. However, significant dilution of PW is often required in algal-based systems due to the presence of complex chemical contaminants. In light of these facts, the current work has investigated the potential of cultivating Galdieria sulphuraria and Chlorella vulgaris in PW using multiple dilutions; 0% PW, 5% PW, 10% PW, 20% PW, 50% PW and 100% PW. While both algal strains can grow in PW, the current results indicated that G. sulphuraria has a higher potential of growth in up to 50% PW (total dissolved solids of up to 55 g L−1) with a growth rate of 0.72 ± 0.05 g L−1 d−1 and can achieve a final biomass density of 4.28 ± 0.16 g L−1 in seven days without the need for additional micronutrients. Additionally, the algae showed the potential of removing 99.6 ± 0.2% nitrogen and 74.2 ± 8.5% phosphorus from the PW.
First record of Heterorhabdus papilliger(Calanoida, Heterorhabdidae) from Korean waters based on morphological and molecular features

The family Heterorhabdidae Sars (1902), a typical mesozooplankton from the epipelagic to the bathypelagic zone, is ecologically important in pelagic marine ecosystems because of its high abundance and the various feeding habits as particle feeders or carnivores (Harding, 1974; Hopkins, 1985; Ohtsuka et al., 1997). The members of this family are easily distinguished from other calanoid families owing to their specialized characters in the left caudal ramus (i.e., fused with the anal segment and with greatly elongated marginal seta) and the presence of a large and plumose inner lobe in the basis of male right leg 5 (Park, 2000). This family consists of 67 species in eight genera worldwide (Walter and Boxshall, 2020) and is the first record of the family Heterorhabdidae from Korea. Heterorhabdus Giesbrecht, 1898 is the most common and species-rich genus in the family. This genus was first established by Claus (1863) based on Heterochaeta spin­ ifrons Claus, 1863 and H. papilligera Claus, 1863. Giesbrecht and Schmeil (1898) later changed from Hetero­ chaeta to Heterorhabdus because the name Heterochaeta was already occupied. Wolfenden (1911) erected the genus Alloiorhabdus for two heterorhabdid species, Heterorhab­ dus austrinus Giesbrecht, 1902 and Alloiorhabdus medius Wolfenden, 1911. However, the genus was placed in synonymy with Heterorhabdus. Recently, the genus was redefined by Park (2000) based on the most important characters, including the spiny papilla on the sternite of the first pedigerous somite and a saber or falciform spine on the coxa of maxilliped. Park (2000) also divided the genus into four species groups (spinifrons, papilliger, fistulosus, and abyssalis) using the morphological similarities in the maxilliped, maxilla, and the fifth leg of male among the recognized species. Heterorhabdus papilliger has been reported from the epipelagic zone in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, Japan, New Zealand, North America, and Indonesia, after the first description from the Mediterranean Sea. Although this species is widely distributed Journal of Species Research 10(1):78-85, 2021
Determination of Fructose and Glucose in Beers by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) method was developed for the determination of micro amounts of fructose and glucose in beers. In this method, samples were detected directly after filtering. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity column(2.1 mm×150 mm, 1.7 μm), with a mobile phase composed of water and acetonitrile(10:90, V/V). The mass spectrometer was operated in the negative mode using MRM.The developed calibration curves displayed good linearity over a concentration range of 1.25 to 30 mg/L with a correlation coefficient equal to 1 for fructose, and 2 to 50 mg/L with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.999 9 for glucose. The limits of detection(LOD) were 0.05 and 0.49 mg/L respectively. This method has been successfully used for the determination of fructose and glucose in beers with satisfactory results.
Theoretical modelling and experimental study of spacer-filled direct contact membrane distillation: effect of membrane thermal conductivity model selection

This research aimed to examine the effect of the thermal conductivity model of hydrophobic membranes on performance modelling of direct contact membrane distillation systems. The parallel, series, and two types of Maxwell models were studied. Simultaneously, an iterative numerical model was developed to choose the most appropriate model by analysing the mass flux (Jw) and the heat transfer rate (  QP). Comparison with the experimental results, showing that Maxwell Type II was the most appropriate for modelling the thermal conductivity of the membrane. Also, based on the chosen model of membrane thermal conductivity, the direct contact membrane distillation performance (the global heat transfer coefficient, temperature polarization coefficient, energy efficiency, and gain output ratio) was studied. It was found that the membrane thermal conductivity model with a higher value of membrane thermal conductivity (km) resulted in an underestimation of the predicted mass flux, temperature polarization coefficient, and energy efficiency. In contrast, the total heat transfer coefficient and predicted heat rate were overestimated. The gain output ratio values seemed not to be affected by this choice with only 8% deviation among the four models.