Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Recognition of Climate Changes using Word2Vec

In this study, we discovered significant differences between the content of two distinct media (academic research and newspaper) regarding climate changes by performing word2vec analysis. For the academic research text data, we digitized the research reports from the Korea Environment Institute; and for the newspaper text data, we collected environmental news articles from the Naver portal service using jsoup: JAVA HTML parser. We applied a twostep approach. In the first step, we selected three keywords (global warming, flooding, and drought) related to “climate change” by performing word2vec skip-gram analysis. Further, we performed word2vec skip-gram analysis again to find words closely related to these three keywords. Our analysis showed that words on human beings and domestic damage were the words closely related to climate change in the academic research report. In contrast, words on collateral damage (food and agriculture) and catastrophic events were the words closely related to climate change in the environmental news. Our result reveals subtle yet significant difference between these two media in their attitude toward climate change. The research papers appear to be more focused on the effect of climate change on the quality of life of human beings, whereas environmental news appears to be more focused on the environmental and financial damage International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 120 No. 6 2018, 5793-5807 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl. eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl. eu/hub/
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in TLR4 Affect Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Mexican Population from the State of Veracruz

Tuberculosis is still a global public health problem, with an estimated 10 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths in 2017. Of all humans infected with M. tuberculosis, only 10-15% will develop active tuberculosis disease during their lifetime, and data suggest that along with environmental factors, genetic factors influence susceptibility to develop active disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that play a central role in the initiation and shaping of adaptive immune responses, and several TLRs have been shown to recognize mycobacterial components. In this work, we performed a case-control study to determine if common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding TLRs 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 are associated with susceptibility to develop active tuberculosis in population from the state of Veracruz, Mexico. The study included 279 cases and 569 controls. The results show that the frequency of two SNPs in TLR4 was significantly higher in controls than in tuberculosis patients. The minor allele (G) of rs4986790 in TLR4 (D299G) decreased the risk of active tuberculosis in the allelic (A vs. G, OR = 0.31, 95%CI = 0.09‐0.81, p = 0.01) and in the dominant genetic model (AA vs. GG+AG, OR = 0.26, 95%CI = 0.09‐0.77, p = 0.02). Similarly, the minor allele (T) of rs4986791 in TLR4 (T399I) decreased the risk of active disease in the allelic model (C vs. T, OR = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.10‐0.90, p = 0.03). We did not find an association of SNPs in TLR1 (N248S), TLR2 (R753Q), TLR6 (S249P), and TLR10 (A153S and V298I) with tuberculosis disease. These results suggest that in this population, genetic variants of TLR4 affect the susceptibility for suffering active tuberculosis disease.
Utilizing Plus/Delta Debriefing to Enhance Learning in Phlebotomy Simulations

Simulation provides a bridge between classroom learning and clinical experience encompassing both basic and advanced competencies. It offers a safe learning environment in which students can practice skills using task trainers as well as participate in complex, interprofessional simulations promoting communication and teamwork. As a culminating activity in our phlebotomy course, students video-record themselves performing …
MODELLING OF THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE UNILATERAL CONVECTIVE HEATING PROCESS OF FURNITURE ELEMENTS BEFORE THEIR LACQUER COATING

Two mutually connected 1D linear mathematical models created and solved by the authors earlier, are updated and presented as a nonlinear model. The first of them allows the computation of the non-stationary temperature distribution along the thickness of subjected to unilateral convective heating flat wooden furniture elements before their subsequent lacquer coating. The second one allows the computation of the non-stationary distribution of the temperature along the thickness of the carrying rubber band, on which the non-heated surface of the furniture elements lies. A methodology for the computation of the specific (for 1 m) energy consumptions needed for warming up both the furniture elements and the carrying rubber band, and also for covering of the heat emission from the band to the surrounding air are suggested. The methodology is based on the integration of solutions of two mutually connected nonlinear models mentioned above. For the numerical solution of the models with the aim at applying the methodology, a software program as an input in the calculation environment of Visual Fortran Professional was prepared. The computations were carried out to determine the specific energy consumption during the unilateral heating process of flat oak furniture elements with an initial temperature of 20 C, moisture content of 8 %, thickness of 16 mm, width of 0.6 m, and length of 0.6 m, 1.2 m, and 1.8 m, during their 10 min convective heating by hot air with the temperature of 100 C and velocity of 5 m·s. At the temperature of the surrounding air of 20 C, and the initial temperature of 20 C, the thickness of the rubber band was 4 mm, the width was 0.8 m, The obtained results can be used for technological and energy calculations of unilateral heating processes of furniture elements at different boundary conditions, as well as in the software of systems for model based automatic control of these processes aimed at improvement of thermal conditions for the subsequent lacquering of the elements.
DWARF SPERM WHALE (Kogia simus): Northern Gulf of Mexico Stock 1999

STOCK DEFINITION AND GEOGRAPHIC RANGE The dwarf sperm whale appears to be distributed worldwide in temperate to tropical waters (Caldwell and Caldwell 1989). Sightings of these animals in the northern Gulf of Mexico occur primarily along the continental shelf edge and over the deeper waters off the continental shelf (Mullin et al. 1991; Southeast Fisheries Science Center, SEFSC, unpublished data). Dwarf sperm whales and pygmy sperm whales (Kogia breviceps) are difficult to distinguish and sightings of either species are often categorized as Kogia sp. Sightings of this category were documented in all seasons during seasonal GulfCet aerial surveys of the northern Gulf of Mexico during 1993-1995 (Hansen et al. 1996). The few reliable sightings of dwarf sperm whales during those surveys were more numerous in spring, probably a result of greater survey efforts in that season (Jefferson and Shapiro 1997). Pygmy and dwarf sperm whales have been sighted in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico in waters 1000 m deep, on average (Davis et al. 1998). However, these authors cautioned that inferences on preferred bottom depths should await surveys for the entire Gulf of Mexico. The difficulty in sighting pygmy and dwarf sperm whales may be exacerbated by their avoidance reaction towards ships, and change in behavior towards approaching survey aircraft (Würsig et al. 1998). In a recent study using hematological and stable-isotope data, Barros et al. (1998) speculated that dwarf sperm whales may have a more pelagic distribution than pygmy sperm whales, and/or dive deeper during feeding bouts. There is no information on stock differentiation.
Light dependency of VOC emissions from selected Mediterranean plant species

The light, temperature and stomatal conductance dependencies of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from ten plant species commonly found in the Mediterranean region were studied using a fully controlled leaf cuvette in the laboratory. At standard conditions of temperature and light (30 1 C and 1000 m mol m (cid:1) 2 s (cid:1) 1 PAR), low emitting species ( Arbutus unedo , Pinus halepensis, Cistus incanus , Cistus salvifolius , Rosmarinus ofﬁcinalis and Thymus vulgaris ) emitted between 0.1 and 5.0 m g (C) (total VOCs) g (cid:1) 1 dwh (cid:1) 1 , a medium emitter ( Pinus pinea ) emitted between 5 and 10 m g (C)g (cid:1) 1 dw h (cid:1) 1 and high emitters ( Cistus monspeliensis , Lavendula stoechas and Quercus sp.) emitted more than 10 m g (C)g (cid:1) 1 dwh (cid:1) 1 . VOC emissions from all of the plant species investigated showed some degree of light dependency, which was distinguishable from temperature dependency. Emissions of all compounds from Quercus sp. were light dependent. Ocimene was one of several monoterpene compounds emitted by P. pinea and was strongly correlated to light. Only a fraction of monoterpene emissions from C. incanus exhibited apparent weak light dependency but emissions from this plant species were strongly correlated to temperature. Data presented here are consistent with past studies, which show that emissions are independent of stomatal conductance. These results may allow more accurate predictions of monoterpene emission ﬂuxes from the Mediterranean region to be made. r 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Manipulation of the Running Variable in the Regression Discontinuity Design: A Density Test

Standard sufficient conditions for identification in the regression discontinuity design are continuity of the conditional expectation of counterfactual outcomes in the running variable. These continuity assumptions may not be plausible if agents are able to manipulate the running variable. This paper develops a test of manipulation related to continuity of the running variable density function. The methodology is applied to popular elections to the House of Representatives, where sorting is neither expected nor found, and to roll-call voting in the House, where sorting is both expected and found.
Image-space wave-equation tomography in the generalized source domain

We extend the theory of image-space wave-equation tomography to the generalized source domain, where a smaller number of synthesized shot gathers are generated either by data-space phase encoding or image-space phase encoding. We demonstrate how to evaluate the wave-equation forward tomographic operator and its adjoint in this new domain. We compare the gradients of the tomography objective functional obtained using both data-space and image-space encoded gathers with that obtained using the original shot gathers. We show that with those encoded shot gathers we can obtain a gradient similar to that computed in the original shot-profile domain, but at lower computational cost. The saving in cost is important for putting this theory into practical applications. We illustrate our examples on a simple model with Gaussian anomalies in the subsurface.
Assessing Access Control Risk for mHealth: A Delphi Study to Categorize Security of Health Data and Provide Risk Assessment for Mobile Apps

Background Smartphones can tackle healthcare stakeholders' diverse needs. Nonetheless, the risk of data disclosure/breach can be higher when using such devices, due to the lack of adequate security and the fact that a medical record has a significant higher financial value when compared with other records. Means to assess those risks are required for every mHealth application interaction, dependent and independent of its goals/content. Objective To present a risk assessment feature integration into the SoTRAACE (Socio-Technical Risk-Adaptable Access Control) model, as well as the operationalization of the related mobile health decision policies. Methods Since there is still a lack of a definition for health data security categorization, a Delphi study with security experts was performed for this purpose, to reflect the knowledge of security experts and to be closer to real-life situations and their associated risks. Results The Delphi study allowed a consensus to be reached on eleven risk factors of information security related to mobile applications that can easily be adapted into the described SoTRAACE prototype. Within those risk factors, the most significant five, as assessed by the experts, and in descending order of risk level, are as follows: (1) security in the communication (e.g., used security protocols), (2) behavioural differences (e.g., different or outlier patterns of behaviour detected for a user), (3) type of wireless connection and respective encryption, (4) resource sensitivity, and (5) device threat level (e.g., known vulnerabilities associated to a device or its operating system). Conclusions Building adaptable, risk-aware resilient access control models into the most generalized technology used nowadays (e.g., smartphones) is crucial to fulfil both the goals of users as well as security and privacy requirements for healthcare data.
Value of the preoperative prognostic nutritional index for the evaluation of patient prognosis after radical gastrectomy

Preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) has been widely used for the clinical evaluation of patients with cancer. The present study assessed the prognostic value of preoperative PNI in patients after gastric cancer (GC) radical surgery. The clinical case and follow-up data of 170 patients undergoing GC radical surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the predictive ability of each inflammatory index: The PNI, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). The correlation between the preoperative PNI and overall survival (OS) was also analyzed via Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The results revealed that the optimal PNI cut-off was 46.030. According to this cut-off value, the whole sample was divided into PNI <46.030 (low PNI group) and PNI ≥46.030 (high PNI group). These groups were comprised of 102 and 68 cases, respectively. The area under the curve value of the PNI was 0.725, which was greater than that of traditional inflammatory indices, including the NLR and LMR. K-M survival analysis revealed that the 5 year survival rate of patients in the low PNI group was significantly lower than that of patients in the high PNI group (P<0.01). Univariate analysis and Cox multiple regression model analysis demonstrated that the T stage, N stage, pathological grade and PNI were independent risk factors for the 5 year survival rate after radical gastrectomy (P<0.05). In conclusion, the preoperative PNI is an independent risk factor for 5 year survival after radical gastrectomy and has clinical value for the prognostic evaluation of patients with GC.
MICROBUNCHING ENHANCEMENT BY ADIABATIC TRAPPING

Storage ring based concept called steady-state microbunching (SSMB) was proposed years ago for generating high average power narrowband coherent radiation. There are now active efforts on-going by the SSMB collaboration established among Tsinghua University and several other institutes. In this paper we study the particle trap and filamentation process of beam in RF or Micro Bucket which is useful for understanding the injection beam dynamics of SSMB. One remarkable result is the steady-state current distribution after full filamentation has little dependence on the bucket height as long as it is several times larger than the energy spread. A discrete increase of bucket height after filamentation can boost the bunching, with the sacrifice of emittance growth. An adiabatic change of bucket height from a smaller value to the final desired value is then proposed to boost the bunching while preserving the longitudinal emittance.
Sensitivity Analysis of Imperfect Systems Using Almost Orthogonal Filters

This paper considers the application of the almost orthogonal filters in the sensitivity analysis of imperfect systems. First, we explain the concepts of dynamical systems sensitivity. Then we design almost orthogonal filters based on almost orthogonal polynomials. These filters are a generalization of the classical orthogonal filters commonly used in circuit theory, control system theory, signal processing, signal approximation and process identification. The advantage of the almost orthogonal filters is that they can be used for the modeling and analysis of systems with imperfections, i.e. imperfect technical systems. In this paper, we use a designed filter to obtain a model of an imperfect system, where the model’s parameters have been determined with the help of genetic algorithm. A new approach for determining the sensitivity of imperfect systems is also given and an example of an imperfect system in the form of a hydraulic multitank system is considered.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide e Loaded poly (lactic acid)–D-a-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate copolymer nanoparticles as MRI contrast agent

We developed a strategy to formulate supraparamagnetic iron oxides (SPIOs) in nanoparticles (NPs) of biodegradable copolymer made up of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and D-a-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) for medical imaging by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of high contrast and low side effects. The IOs-loaded PLAeTPGS NPs (IOs-PNPs) were prepared by the single emulsion method and the nanoprecipitation method. Effects of the process parameters such as the emulsifier concentration, IOs loading in the nanoparticles, and the solvent to non-solvent ratio on the IOs distribution within the polymeric matrix were investigated and the formulation was then optimized. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed direct visual evidence for the well dispersed distribution of the IOs within the NPs. We further investigated the biocompatibility and cellular uptake of the IOs-PNPs in vitrowith MCF-7 breast cancer cells and NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblast in close comparison with the commercial IOs imaging agent Resovist . MRI imaging was further carried out to investigate the biodistribution of the IOs formulated in the IOs-PNPs, especially in the liver to understand the liver clearance process, which was also made in close comparison with Resovist . We found that the PLAeTPGS NPs formulation at the clinically approved dose of 0.8 mg Fe/kg could be cleared within 24 h in comparison with several weeks for Resovist . Xenograft tumor model MRI confirmed the advantages of the IOs-PNPs formulation versus Resovist through the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect of the tumor vasculature. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Flow field measurements during microorganism locomo tion using MicroPIV and dynamic masking

Microorganism locomotion is often the focus of biol ogically inspired propulsion studies, as these orga nisms move through water in a very effective fashion. The locomotion e ffectiveness is required both in order to conserve n rgy, and to generate a minimum flow disturbance to avoid detection by pr edators. In this work we applied time-resolved imag ing and MicroPIV while a uniflagellate microorganism ( Euglena Gracilis) is swimming in water. Euglena Gracilis is known to use a thin whip-like structure (flagellum) to pull itself thro ugh water, in combination with rolling, stretching and contracting its flexible body. Time-resolved MicroPIV experiments h ave been performed to capture both the detailed tim e history of the organism’s location and to compute time-resolved fl ow fields around the organism. In biological flows, pulsed laser illumination is often not preferred as this can sim ply disable the organism. For this reason, LED-base d pulsed illumination was used in transmission mode. The shadow displacem ents of 1μm seeding particles were analyzed using a n Ad ptive PIV algorithm with refinement steps, outlier detection and deforming windows. A dynamic masking technique was also applied since the moving organism contributes to the crosscorrelation function during PIV processing. In the current study, we generated dynamic masks of the Euglena Gracilis fro m the original image ensemble using a number of ima ge processing functions. Subsequently these were used for both im age masking and for vector masking. The flow field around the organism confirms that the flagellum is at the lead ing edge, pulling strokes backwards.
Energy-Efficient Approach for Beamforming Design and BBUs Aggregation in Heterogeneous C-RAN

Heterogeneous cloud radio access network (C-RAN) that combines the benefits of C-RAN and multi-tier heterogeneous networks (HetNets) is emerged as a novel network solution for improving both spectrum and energy efficiencies. In this work, we propose an energy-efficient approach that considers both RRHs beamforming design and BBUs aggregation in heterogeneous C-RAN. First, the problem is formulated as an optimization problem to maximize the weighted energy efficiency utility function subject to BBU processing capability, per-user quality-ofservice (QoS) requirement and per-RRH total transmit power constraints. Then, the optimization problem is decomposed into two sub problems. The first sub problem is a transmit beamforming vectors optimization problem. This problem is transformed to a weighted sum mean square error (MSE) minimization problem and solved using a weighted minimum mean square error (WMMSE) algorithm. The second sub problem is the BBUs aggregation problem. This problem is converted to a bin packing problem and we propose an algorithm based on the Best-Fit-Decreasing method to solve it. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed energy-efficient approach, we compare it with different algorithms that are presented in the literature.
Present-day Greenland Ice Sheet climate and surface mass 1 balance in CESM 2 2

16 The response of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) to a warmer climate is uncertain 17 on long time scales. Climate models, such as those participating in the Coupled Model 18 Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6), are used to assess this uncertainty. The Com19 munity Earth System Model version 2.1 (CESM2) is a CMIP6 model capable of running 20 climate simulations with either one-way coupling (fixed ice-sheet geometry) or two-way 21 coupling (dynamic geometry) to the GrIS. The model features prognostic snow albedo, 22 online downscaling using elevation classes, and a firn pack to refreeze percolating melt 23 water. Here we evaluate the representation of the GrIS surface energy and mass balance 24 (SEB and SMB) in CESM2 at 1° resolution with fixed GrIS geometry. CESM2 agrees 25 closely with ERA-Interim reanalysis data for key controls on GrIS SMB: surface pressure, 26 sea ice extent, 500 hPa geopotential height, wind speed, and 700 hPa air temperature. 27 Cloudsat-CALIPSO data show that supercooled liquid-containing clouds are adequately 28 represented, whereas comparisons to MODIS and CLARA-A2 data suggest that CESM2 29 underestimates surface albedo. The seasonal cycle and spatial patterns of SEB and SMB 30 components in CESM2 agree well with regional climate model RACMO2.3p2, with GrIS31 integrated melt, refreezing and runoff bracketed by RACMO2 counterparts at 11 km and 32 1 km. Time series of melt, runoff, and SMB show a break point around 1990, similar to 33 RACMO2. These results suggest that GrIS SMB is realistic in CESM2, which adds confi34 dence to coupled ice sheet–climate experiments that aim to assess the GrIS contribution to 35 future sea level rise. 36