Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early intervention in youth mental health: progress and future directions

Early intervention is a fundamental principle in health care and the past two decades have seen it belatedly introduced into the field of mental health. This began in psychotic disorders, arguably the least promising place to start. The steady accumulation of scientific evidence for early intervention has eventually overwhelmed the sceptics, transformed thinking in psychotic disorders and created an international wave of service reform. This paradigm shift has paved the way to a more substantial one: early intervention across the full diagnostic spectrum. 75% of mental illnesses emerge before the age of 25 years, and young people bear the major burden for those disorders that threaten the many decades of productive adult life. The paradox is that young people aged between 12 and 25 years have had by far the worst levels of access to mental health care across the whole lifespan. Health services are poorly designed, grossly under-resourced and typically unfriendly to, and untrusted by, young people. Furthermore, until recently there has been a quite striking lack of interest in this transitional age group from clinicians and researchers alike, who had unthinkingly accepted the paediatric–adult split of mainstream medicine without questioning its utility and validity for our field and our young patients. Over the past decade, however, a major shift in momentum has occurred to take early intervention in youth mental health more seriously. Here we discuss the recent advances and evidence supporting an innovative integrated model of youth mental health care and look to the future.
Bogidiellapingxiangensis, a new species of subterranean Amphipoda from southern China (Bogidiellidae)

Abstract A new species of subterranean amphipod, Bogidiellapingxiangensis Hou & Li, sp. n. , is described from Xiongshizilong Cave in Pingxiang City, China. The new species is characterized by having the bases of pereopods III and V expanded; the inner ramus of pleopods I–III with one segment; the telson longer than wide and with the apical margin with a shallow U-shaped excavation. DNA barcode of the new species is documented as support of molecular differences between related species.
Contribution of Physical and Motor Characteristics to Functional Performance in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome: A Preliminary Study

Background Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic mental disability. Individuals with DS experience a variety of physical, motor, and functional challenges throughout the lifespan. However, the inter-relatedness between these domains is relatively unexplored in children with DS. This study aimed to determine which physical and motor characteristics contribute to functional performance in children and adolescents with DS. It also investigated the relationship between physical, motor, and functional domains. Material/Methods We enrolled 44 children and adolescents with DS, ages 3–18 years, in this cross-sectional study. The participants were assessed for functional skills (PEDI-CAT), gross motor skills (GMFM-88), balance (PBS), fine motor skills (Nine-hole peg test), grip strength (hand-held Jamar dynamometer), and body mass index (BMI). Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise linear regression were employed for statistical analysis. Results Fine motor skills and grip strength were found to be significant predictors of functional performance. All measures, except BMI, were significantly correlated with each other. The participants scored below standard values in all 4 domains of PEDI-CAT, with the social/cognitive skills being most impaired, while mobility proficiency was found to be participants’ strongest asset. Conclusions This study demonstrated fine motor skills and grip strength to be predictors of functional performance in children and adolescents with DS. It also showed a high level of inter-relatedness between the variables of physical, motor, and functional domains in this population.
A Reliable Road Segmentation and Edge Extraction for Sparse 3D Lidar Data

Precise segmentation of road areas using cheap Lidar is a tough and critical task due to data sparsity problem. With sparse point clouds, reliable perception of environment is difficult due to the lack of available information and loss of object features. This paper presents a new approach to use sparse 3D Lidar data for road segmentation by fusing multiple frames of point cloud. With registration of multiple frames into a same coordinate system, reliable data can be provided for later ground segmentation and edge extraction. The accuracies of extensive experiments on three kinds of roads demonstrate that the proposed approach obtains high precision and reliability.
An Extended Binaural Real-Time Auralization System With an Interface to Research Hearing Aids for Experiments on Subjects With Hearing Loss

Theory and implementation of acoustic virtual reality have matured and become a powerful tool for the simulation of entirely controllable virtual acoustic environments. Such virtual acoustic environments are relevant for various types of auditory experiments on subjects with normal hearing, facilitating flexible virtual scene generation and manipulation. When it comes to expanding the investigation group to subjects with hearing loss, choosing a reproduction system which offers a proper integration of hearing aids into the virtual acoustic scene is crucial. Current loudspeaker-based spatial audio reproduction systems rely on different techniques to synthesize a surrounding sound field, providing various possibilities for adaptation and extension to allow applications in the field of hearing aid-related research. Representing one option, the concept and implementation of an extended binaural real-time auralization system is presented here. This system is capable of generating complex virtual acoustic environments, including room acoustic simulations, which are reproduced as combined via loudspeakers and research hearing aids. An objective evaluation covers the investigation of different system components, a simulation benchmark analysis for assessing the processing performance, and end-to-end latency measurements.
Chauffage de fluides par capteurs solaires à concentration

1 La concentration : notions de base 1.1 Avantages et inconvenients de la concentration 1.2 Source de rayonnement solaire 1.3 Parametres caracteristiques d'un concentrateur 1.4 Estimation des rendements 1.5 Concentrateur ou capteur plan hautes performances 2 Le capteur a concentration 2.1 Differents types de dispositif concentrateur 2.2 Pointage du soleil 2.3 Reflecteurs a facettes 2.4 Mesure de la cartographie des concentrations ponctuelles 2.5 Analyse theorique 3 La boucle thermique 3.1 Convertisseur heliothermique 3.2 Reseau caloporteur 3.3 Fluides caloporteurs 3.4 Controle - commande de l'installation 4 Realisations et perspectives 4.1 Exemples de realisations (THEK, PERICLES, COSS, CASSETTE, SIROCCOet realisations etrangeres) 4.2 Perspectives Index bibliographique
Adaptive Object Tracking via Multi-Angle Analysis Collaboration

Although tracking research has achieved excellent performance in mathematical angles, it is still meaningful to analyze tracking problems from multiple perspectives. This motivation not only promotes the independence of tracking research but also increases the flexibility of practical applications. This paper presents a significant tracking framework based on the multi-dimensional state–action space reinforcement learning, termed as multi-angle analysis collaboration tracking (MACT). MACT is comprised of a basic tracking framework and a strategic framework which assists the former. Especially, the strategic framework is extensible and currently includes feature selection strategy (FSS) and movement trend strategy (MTS). These strategies are abstracted from the multi-angle analysis of tracking problems (observer’s attention and object’s motion). The content of the analysis corresponds to the specific actions in the multidimensional action space. Concretely, the tracker, regarded as an agent, is trained with Q-learning algorithm and ϵ-greedy exploration strategy, where we adopt a customized rewarding function to encourage robust object tracking. Numerous contrast experimental evaluations on the OTB50 benchmark demonstrate the effectiveness of the strategies and improvement in speed and accuracy of MACT tracker.
A Study of Factors that Lead Development Teams to Incur Technical Debt in Software Projects

Context: Several technical debt (TD) management strategies have been proposed, but considering actions that could prevent the insertion of TD in the first place is not yet a common practice. This is a point that deserves investigation because it is expected that TD prevention could be sometimes "cheaper" than TD repayment. Besides, TD prevention also helps other TD management activities, especially in catching inexperienced developers' 'not-so-good' solutions. Thus, while TD management is an important topic, it is also worthwhile to understand the motivations and factors that could lead development teams to incur different types of debt. Objective: To identify causes that lead to the occurrence of TD, investigate if these causes occur in isolation or in combination, understand if TD can be prevented, and investigate, in terms of effort, if it is better to prevent debt, or incur it and pay it off later. Method: An interview based case study was performed with software practitioners. The results were formulated based on a synthesis of the text fragments coded for each response. Results: We identified 57 causes that lead a development team to incur debt. For the majority of TD types, these causes occur in combination. It was also indicated that debt can be prevented, and it is better to work on prevention activities than to pay off debt later. Conclusion: Results allowed us to identify 57 causes that lead a development team to incur debt. These causes mostly occur in combination, not in isolation. It was also indicated that debt can be prevented, and it would be better to work on prevention activities than to pay off debt later.
Real-time Stereo Disparity Quality Improvement for Challenging Traffic Environments

The stereo vision system is one of the most important sensors for 3D reconstruction of the environment and scene understanding. It plays an essential role for the automated driving and ADAS applications. Although recently great progress has been made in this field both in the density and accuracy, the stereo vision in the challenging environment, such as rain, snow and low light conditions, are still open problems and need to be improved. To address this issue, we propose a novel real-time stereo vision algorithm, we transform the rough confidence score of the matching cost to the outlier probability rate and use it to guide the multi-path Viterbi method to estimate the disparity. Our proposed algorithm costs less than 40ms and improves the accuracy of stereo results in difficult scenarios. Real-world experiments show that the proposed method can significantly improve the disparity results in the various challenging environment.
HPV test result monitoring of different Bethesda categories in gynaecologic cytology: A valuable quality assurance measure

High‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) test ordering has evolved since the 2006 ASCCP guidelines. In light of the availability of the HPV test results for most women ≥30 y, regardless of the Pap test diagnosis; we examined their value in assessing the overall performance of cytopathologists (CPs).
HyPPO: Hybrid Performance-Aware Power-Capping Orchestrator

Energy proportionality is the key in order to reduce the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data-centers and on-premise systems, yet is difficult to achieve in practice due to workloads heterogeneity. Critical services require all the servers to remain up regardless the current traffic intensity in order to scale up quickly if needed. Furthermore, a minimum number of resources remain reserved to such services in order to guarantee the Service Level Agreement (SLA) in case of a sudden increase of requests. This situation makes most of the existing power management techniques ineffective at reducing power consumption, especially in under-utilized computing systems. In this paper we propose Hybrid Performance-aware Power-capping Orchestrator (HyPPO), a distributed Observe Decide Act (ODA) control loop able to introduce energy proportionality in a distributed and containerized infrastructure. HyPPO leverages Kubernetes resource requests (e.g. milli-cpus consumption) in order to dynamically adjust node power consumption, while respecting the SLA defined by the containerized application owners. The first experiments conducted in our laboratory shows that we are able to reduce power consumption of 25% on average, depending on the kind of workload. Furthermore, the defined SLA is violated 2.5% of the time on average.
No evidence of inequality aversion in the investment game

We report experimental evidence on second-movers’ behavior in the investment game (also known as the trust game) when there exists endowment heterogeneity. Using a within-subject analysis, we investigate whether or not second-movers exhibit some taste for inequality aversion by returning a larger (smaller) share of the available funds to first-movers who are initially endowed with a lesser (larger) endowment, respectively. Our data suggest that second-movers do not take into consideration the level of endowments when making their decisions as their behavior is consistent across distribution of endowments; i.e., they return the same proportion of the available funds regardless of the endowments. We indeed find that some second-movers have a tendency to return what they have received from first-movers. In our data, there is also a substantial proportion of second-movers who are selfish and return nothing. (JEL Codes: C72, C91, D3, D63).
Leveraging Spatio-Temporal Evidence and Independent Vision Channel to Improve Multi-Sensor Fusion for Vehicle Environmental Perception

For intelligent vehicles, multi-sensor fusion is of great importance to perceive traffic environment with high accuracy and robustness. In this paper, we propose two effective methods, i.e. spatio-temporal evidence generating and independent vision channel, to improve multi-sensor track-level fusion for vehicle environmental perception. The spatio-temporal evidence includes instantaneous evidence, tracking evidence and tracks matching evidence to improve existence fusion. Independent vision channel leverages the specific advantage of vision processing on object recognition to improve classification fusion. The proposed methods are evaluated by using the multi-sensor dataset collected from real traffic environment. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods can significantly improve the multi-sensor track-level fusion in terms of both detection accuracy and classification accuracy.
Combining Homotopy Methods and Numerical Optimal Control to Solve Motion Planning Problems

This paper presents a systematic approach for computing local solutions to motion planning problems in nonconvex environments using numerical optimal control techniques. It extends the range of use of state-of-the-art numerical optimal control tools to problem classes where these tools have previously not been applicable. Today these problems are typically solved using motion planners based on randomized or graph search. The general principle is to define a homotopy that transforms, or preferably relaxes, the original problem to an easily solved problem. In this work, it is shown that by combining a Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) method with a homotopy approach that gradually transforms the problem from a relaxed one to the original one, practically relevant locally optimal solutions to the motion planning problem can be computed. The approach is demonstrated in motion planning problems in challenging 2D and 3D environments, where the presented method significantly outperforms both a state-of-the-art numerical optimal control method and a state-of-the-art open-source optimizing sampling-based planner commonly used as benchmark.
Ta2+-mediated ammonia synthesis from N2 and H2 at ambient temperature

Significance A combined experimental/computational approach provides deep mechanistic insight into an unprecedented cluster-mediated N−H coupling mimicking the industrially extremely important ammonia synthesis from N2 and H2 (the “Haber–Bosch” process) at room temperature. Crucial steps were identified for both the forward reactions (i.e., the activation of N2) and the backward process (i.e., the Ta2+-mediated decomposition of NH3). The central intermediate for either path corresponds to Ta2N2+, a four-membered ring with alternating Ta and N atoms. The root cause of tantalum’s ability to bring about nitrogen fixation and its coupling with H2 under mild conditions has been identified by state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations. In a full catalytic cycle, bare Ta2+ in the highly diluted gas phase is able to mediate the formation of ammonia in a Haber–Bosch-like process starting from N2 and H2 at ambient temperature. This finding is the result of extensive quantum chemical calculations supported by experiments using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS. The planar Ta2N2+, consisting of a four-membered ring of alternating Ta and N atoms, proved to be a key intermediate. It is formed in a highly exothermic process either by the reaction of Ta2+ with N2 from the educt side or with two molecules of NH3 from the product side. In the thermal reaction of Ta2+ with N2, the N≡N triple bond of dinitrogen is entirely broken. A detailed analysis of the frontier orbitals involved in the rate-determining step shows that this unexpected reaction is accomplished by the interplay of vacant and doubly occupied d-orbitals, which serve as both electron acceptors and electron donors during the cleavage of the triple bond of N≡N by the ditantalum center. The ability of Ta2+ to serve as a multipurpose tool is further shown by splitting the single bond of H2 in a less exothermic reaction as well. The insight into the microscopic mechanisms obtained may provide guidance for the rational design of polymetallic catalysts to bring about ammonia formation by the activation of molecular nitrogen and hydrogen at ambient conditions.
On-Body Sensor Positions Hierarchical Classification

Many motion sensor-based applications have been developed in recent years because they provide useful information about daily activities and current health status of users. However, most of these applications require knowledge of sensor positions. Therefore, this research focused on the problem of detecting sensor positions. We collected standing-still and walking sensor data at various body positions from ten subjects. The offset values were removed by subtracting the sensor data of standing-still phase from the walking data for each axis of each sensor unit. Our hierarchical classification technique is based on optimizing local classifiers. Many common features are computed, and informative features are selected for specific classifications. In this approach, local classifiers such as arm-side and hand-side discriminations yielded F1-scores of 0.99 and 1.00, correspondingly. Overall, the proposed method achieved an F1-score of 0.81 and 0.84 using accelerometers and gyroscopes, respectively. Furthermore, we also discuss contributive features and parameter tuning in this analysis.
Adherence to national food-based dietary guidelines and incidence of stroke: A cohort study of Danish men and women

Background and purpose National dietary guidelines are intended to promote primary prevention of lifestyle-related diseases, but little is known about their effectiveness in prevention of stroke. Methods We used the Danish cohort Diet, Cancer and Health (n = 57 053) to investigate whether adherence to the Danish food-based dietary guidelines was associated with risk of stroke. Adherence was assessed by the Danish Dietary Guidelines Index, score 0 [no adherence] to 6 [complete adherence]. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for stroke and subtypes of stroke in men and women separately. Results Incident stroke was determined in 1357 men and 900 women during follow-up (median 12.5 years and 13.0 years, respectively). A higher Danish Dietary Guidelines Index score was inversely associated with total stroke in men but not in women. In men, a high Index score (≥4) was also inversely associated with total ischemic stroke (hazard ratio 0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.65–0.86), large-artery atherosclerosis (hazard ratio 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.44–0.92) and small artery occlusion (hazard ratio 0.68, 95% confidence interval 0.54–0.84) compared to a low Index score (<4). In women, inverse associations were found for total ischemic stroke (hazard ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.72–0.98) and intracerebral hemorrhage (hazard ratio 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.43–0.96). Conclusions Our findings suggest that adherence to the Danish Dietary Guidelines is associated with a lower rate of stroke, and thus may be useful in primary prevention of disease.
Prion-related peripheral neuropathy in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Objective To assess whether the involvement of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) belongs to the phenotypic spectrum of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Methods We examined medical records of 117 sCJDVV2 (ataxic type), 65 sCJDMV2K (kuru-plaque type) and 121 sCJDMM(V)1 (myoclonic type) subjects for clinical symptoms, objective signs and neurophysiological data. We reviewed two diagnostic nerve biopsies and looked for abnormal prion protein (PrPSc) by western blotting and real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) in postmortem PNS samples from 14 subjects. Results Seventy-five (41.2%) VV2-MV2K patients, but only 11 (9.1%) MM(V)1, had symptoms or signs suggestive of PNS involvement occurring at onset in 18 cases (17 VV2-MV2K, 9.3%; and 1 MM(V)1, 0.8%) and isolated in 6. Nerve biopsy showed a mixed predominantly axonal and demyelinating neuropathy in two sCJDMV2K. Electromyography showed signs of neuropathy in half of the examined VV2-MV2K patients. Prion RT-QuIC was positive in all CJD PNS samples, whereas western blotting detected PrPSc in the sciatic nerve in one VV2 and one MV2K. Conclusions Peripheral neuropathy, likely related to PrPSc deposition, belongs to the phenotypic spectrum of sCJDMV2K and VV2 and may mark the clinical onset. The significantly lower prevalence of PNS involvement in typical sCJDMM(V)1 suggests that the PNS tropism of sCJD prions is strain dependent.