Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speech with Repairs 1 Running head: SPEECH WITH REPAIRS Making Predictions from Speech with Repairs: Evidence from Eye Movements

When listeners hear a spoken utterance, they are able to predict upcoming information on the basis of what they have already heard. But what happens when the speaker changes his or her mind mid-utterance? The present paper investigates the immediate effects of repairs on listeners’ linguistic predictions. Participants listened to sentences like the boy will eat/move the cake while viewing scenes depicting the agent, the theme, and distractor objects (which were not edible). 25% of items included conjoined verbs (eat and move), and 25% included repairs (eat–uh, move). Participants were sensitive to repairs: Where eat was overridden by move, fixations on the theme patterned with the plain move condition, but where there was a conjunct, fixations patterned with eat. However, once the theme had been heard, there were more fixations to the cake in all conditions including eat, showing that the first verb maintained an influence on prediction, even following a repair. The results are compatible with the view that prediction during comprehension is updated incrementally, but not completely, as the linguistic input unfolds. Speech with Repairs 3 Making Predictions from Speech with Repairs: Evidence
Fast, accurate, integrated gate and switch-level fault simulation

This paper presents FEHSIM, a novel fault simulator which combines switch-level accuracy (i.e. switch-level fault models) with almost gate-level speed. FEHSIM uses a transistor netlist (e.g. SPICE) to first build the switch level model. In a second step, logic gates are extracted automatically, possibly leaving parts of the circuit such as pass transistors at the switch-level. Both models are kept during simulation. Faults are injected at the switch level. The key innovation in FEHSIM is a so called dynamic scheduler, which decides at run time if the simulation can be performed at gate-level without loosing accuracy. The results show a speed up factor of five compared with 'pure' switch level simulation maintaining full switch-level accuracy. <<ETX>>
Spectroscopic measurements of streamer filaments in electric breakdown in a dielectric liquid

Emission spectroscopy has been utilized to provide information about the electron density and temperature in streamers and breakdown arcs in transformer oil. Recorded spectra include strongly broadened hydrogen Balmer- lines and vibration/rotation band profiles of the molecule. The origin of the observed broadening of hydrogen lines is discussed and it is concluded that it arises mainly from collisions with charged particles, so-called dynamic Stark broadening. By assuming that the broadening is due solely to dynamic Stark broadening, electron densities between and were obtained for the rear of positive streamer filaments during the later stages of propagation. For negative streamers we obtained an upper limit of and for breakdown arcs electron densities up to . The temperature information in the emission profiles and the intensity ratio of the hydrogen Balmer lines are discussed. Rough estimations of the temperature are presented both for positive and for negative streamers.
A Quantitative Representation of the Tradeoff Between Product Commonality and Variety in Product Family Design

Product family design and platform-based product development have garnered much attention over the last decade. They have been used to provide nearly customized products to satisfy individual customer requirements and simultaneously achieve economies of scale during production. The inherent challenge in product family design is to balance the tradeoff between product commonality (how well the components and functions can be reused across a product family) and variety (the range of different products in a product family). Quantifying this tradeoff at the product family planning stage, in a way that supports the engineering design process, has yet to be accomplished. Responding to this need, we have developed a graphical evaluation method, the Product Family Evaluation Graph (PFEG), that allows designers to choose the ‘best’ product family design option among sets of alternatives based on their performance with respect to the ideal commonality/variety trade off, given a company’s competitive focus. One of the necessary supporting pieces for the PFEG is to develop a quantitative representation of the ideal tradeoff between commonality and variety in a product family based on the elements that characterize a company’s competitive focus. In this paper, we develop the commonality/variety tradeoff angle, α, ranging from 0° to 90°, as a quantitative representation of the ideal commonality/variety tradeoff in product families based on a company’s competitive focus and their industry-wide competitors’ information. α is defined as a function of the weighted sum of the strategic factors’ quantitative impact on commonality and variety (S) in a product family. These factors cover five categories market, product characteristics, life-cycle processes, government and industry regulations and/or standards, and organizational capabilities. In this paper, we analyze whether each of these factors causes an increase or decrease in commonality or variety to better understand their impacts. The factors and their categories are admittedly incomplete and the analyses of the factors’ impact are subjective. A more accurate factor identification and impact analysis will be necessary in the near future as the number of companies using the product family strategy increase. We intend for this paper to serve as a basis for that expansion. In this paper, we propose a three-step approach to estimate this angle for a given company using the linear regression model. The angle can then be used with the PFEG to help designers evaluate a product family or compare product family design alternatives. The proposed angle is illustrated with an application to four families of power tools.
Identification of saccades in electrooculograms and their use as a control tool

This paper describes the tasks carried out to develop a control tool using the changes detected in gaze, which are captured in the electrooculogram signal. The objective is to use these changes to control a user interface such as Dasher. A software tool for generating visual stimuli and acquiring the eye signal has been developed. These signals were later processed with a first derivative-based algorithm in order to detect the changes. The optimal parameters for the algorithm have been determined, and also the sensitivity (S>97%) and the predictive positive value (+PV>90%) of the detector have also been calculated. The preliminary results are promising, but a study with a greater number of individuals should be made to check the on-line performance with longer registers.
Fibrous Dysplasia of the Maxillofacial Region, a Review of 134 cases at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria

1. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. 2. Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. 3. Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria. 4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos. Nigeria.
Responsiveness and agility in collaborative networks

This paper investigates the responsiveness of technology and network governance in the case of collaborative networks comprising multiple organizations and identifies factors affecting the structure and the sustainability of collaborative network governance models. More specifically, the study focuses on the effect of network configurations that combine integration and unbundling on the collaborative network’s agility. The inferences draw on the cross case analysis of four case studies, representing collaborative networks situated within different industry segments in one geopolitical location. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with representatives from each collaborative network. The paper has identified effective communication among partners as an essential requirement for the success of any collaborative project. With regards to agility, a proposition may be advanced that for some type of collaborative services, a higher degree of vertical integration is a better approach compared to a higher degree of unbundling. However, the study findings also indicated that unbundling is a good approach in the case of collaborative services where a cloud based deployment and delivery approach is the priority, and the set of collaborators is diverse. Finally, the findings also showed that a participatory, and largely decentralized model of governance, is more effective in achieving responsiveness, in a collaborative network, than a centralized model.
Affinity-Based Methods for the Separation of Parasite Proteins

Affinity chromatography has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for the isolation and purification of parasite proteins and has potential applications for diagnosis and therapy. Many studies have focused on parasite proteins that modulate host cell defense, as gp63, a glycoprotein from Leishmania spp. , that is involved in the cleavage of the complement factor C3b to iC3b, which promotes adhesion of promastigotes to macrophages via complement receptor 3 (Brittgham et al., 1995). This route of internalization does not lead to production of oxygen radicals or NO and favors parasite subsistence within the host cell. Another example is the cysteine protease B (CPB), an important virulence factor of the Leishmania (L.) mexicana complex, that inhibits lymphocytes Th1 and/or promotes the Th2 response either through proteolytic activity or through epitopes derived from its COOH-terminal extension (Pereira et al., 2011).
A reassessment of flexible price evidence using scanner data: Evidence from an emerging economy

In this paper we use a new database of scanner-level prices for the Chilean economy to characterize the microeconomic behavior of prices during a period of high inflation. We are able to characterize the price-setting behavior by supermarket chain. The evidence indicates that there is significant heterogeneity in the pricing behavior of individual retailers. Analyzing the source of shocks, results show that even though chain-specific shocks account for a sizable fraction of the observed variation, common (i.e. countrywide) shocks to individual goods and product categories are the most important factors to explain the behavior of prices. In other words, the pricing strategy of retailers seems less important in developing countries to explain microeconomic price dynamics.
Sample Sizes for Inland Lake Habitat and Lakeshore Development Metrics

–Sample sizes for two inland lake habitat, and three lakeshore development, metrics were evaluated for eight southern Michigan lakes, three large lakes, and three impoundments. Habitat metrics were index of vegetation cover and counts of submerged trees. Lakeshore development metrics were dwelling and dock counts, and percentage of shoreline armored. Metrics were sampled from a boat cruising parallel to the shoreline. Boat transects were 1,000 ft in length, as measured using a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) unit. The entire shoreline was sampled for each lake or impoundment. For the eight southern Michigan lakes, bootstrapping techniques indicated that sampling 5 transects captured most of the variation for each metric. Only minimal increases in measured variation occurred by sampling 10 transects. Two additional levels of precision were considered using parametric methods. First was the sample size needed to detect maximum change in the mean value for each metric. Maximum change for vegetation cover was ±1 (change to an entirely different category), count of submerged trees was ±4, dwelling counts was ±10, dock counts was ±6, and percentage of shoreline armored was ±50%. Second was sampling effort required to detect relatively small changes in the mean where additional sampling would provide only modest improvements in precision. To detect maximum change for the eight southern Michigan lakes, a sample size of 2 transects was necessary for the index of vegetation, 1 for submerged trees counts and for dwelling counts, 4 for dock counts, and 2 for estimating the percentage of shoreline armored. Sampling effort required to detect relatively small changes in the mean was 15 transects for index of vegetation and submerged trees; and 20 for dwelling counts, dock counts and percentage of shoreline armored. Index of vegetation was not sampled for the three large lakes or the three impoundments. To detect maximum change for the three large lakes, a sample size of 1 transect was necessary for
Learning semantic similarity in a continuous space

We address the problem of learning semantic representation of questions to measure similarity between pairs as a continuous distance metric. Our work naturally extends Word Mover’s Distance (WMD) [1] by representing text documents as normal distributions instead of bags of embedded words. Our learned metric measures the dissimilarity between two questions as the minimum amount of distance the intent (hidden representation) of one question needs to "travel" to match the intent of another question. We first learn to repeat, reformulate questions to infer intents as normal distributions with a deep generative model [2] (variational auto encoder). Semantic similarity between pairs is then learned discriminatively as an optimal transport distance metric (Wasserstein 2) with our novel variational siamese framework. Among known models that can read sentences individually, our proposed framework achieves competitive results on Quora duplicate questions dataset. Our work sheds light on how deep generative models can approximate distributions (semantic representations) to effectively measure semantic similarity with meaningful distance metrics from Information Theory.
BPMN: A meta model for the Happy Path

Recently, the OMG has been working on developing a new standard for a business process management notation (BPMN). This standard development results in documents that contain the newest approved version of a standard or a standard proposal that can be ammended. It is our vision that such a standard document, that also serves as a specification for BPMN modeling tool developers could benefit from a fact-oriented model in which the same domain knowledge is represented conceptually as a list of concept definitions (including naming conventions), a set of information structure diagrams and the constraints or business rules that govern the instances of the information structure diagrams. In this paper we will show precisely, how such a fact-oriented conceptual view on a standard document can be created, and we will show how a fact-oriented approach can improve the completeness of a specification.
Applied Models and Indices vs. High-Resolution, Observed Data: Detailed Fracture and Fragmentation Analyses for the Investigation of Skeletal Part Abundance Patterns

The history and development of skeletal part abundance studies is briefly discussed. Two principal strands of this sub-discipline are the application of indices of food utility and bone mineral density to the interpretation of skeletal part abundance patterns. Both food utility and bone mineral density indices are derived from modern observations, underwritten by uniformitarian assumptions, and are used to model behavioural and taphonomic patterns in the selection and survival of bone elements. The application of such models is critiqued. It is argued that, whilst such models remain extremely valuable, they will always suffer from equifinality with regard to end interpretations. The solution to this problem does not lie in improving these models, or the data they derive from, though this may be desirable, but in the more time-consuming option of improving the resolution of archaeologically observed data. Several ways of doing this are briefly discussed. One of these options, fracture and fragmentation analysis, is outlined in detail. Sample applications of such an approach are presented and discussed. These include the use of fracture and fragmentation analysis to identify specific practices that can severely skew skeletal part abundances, such as bone grease rendering, and the identification of levels of pre-depositional and post-depositional fracturing within the taphonomic history of bone assemblages.
Exciton Dynamics in High Density Quantum Dot Ensembles

Remarkable progress has been made in the fabrication of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) using the self-assembling method in lattice-mismatched material systems; they are based on the Stranski-Krastanow growth mode (Goldstein et al., 1985). In this process, initial two-dimensional growth transforms into three-dimensional growth. Using the selfassembling technique, it is possible to fabricate semiconductor nanostructures in a continuous growth process in a vacuum. The self-assembled QDs grown on a semiconductor substrate can offer the possibility of realizing various interesting devices such as QD lasers, ultrafast optical switches, and solar cells (Arakawa & Sakaki, 1982; Huffaker et al., 1998; Prasanth et al., 2004; Bogaart et al., 2005; Marti et al., 2006; Oshima et al., 2008). To realize such QD devices, it is necessary to design the optical properties by controlling the exciton characteristics and to fabricate high-quality and high-density QDs. From this viewpoint, we have clarified that the photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of excitons in multiple stacked QDs fabricated by using the strain compensation technique (Akahane et al., 2002, 2008, 2011) can be controlled by changing the QD separations along the growth direction (Nakatani et al., 2008; Kojima et al., 2008). In this chapter, we introduce the control method of excitonic characteristics by using the overlap of electron envelope functions between QDs along the growth direction.
Stable oxygen isotope record of the Eocene-Oligocene transition in the southern North Sea Basin: positioning the Oi-1 event

Abstract Preliminary stable oxygen isotope data are presented from the southern North Sea Basin successions, ranging from the Lutetian to Rupelian. Analyses were performed on fish otoliths, nuculid bivalves and benthic foraminifera and are presented as bulk δ18O values relative to a well established regional sequence stratigraphic framework. The most significant positive shift in δ18O values clearly falls at the top of the regionally recognised Bassevelde 3 sequence, which base corresponds to the Eocene-Oligocene GSSP boundary. The here documented δ18O shift is closely associated with the base of the traditional Rupelian unit-stratotype and is tentatively correlated to the globally recognised Oi-1 event.
Classification Of Lymph Node Metastases In Breast Cancer With Features From Tissue Images Using Machine Learning Techniques

UNIVERSITY OF TAMPERE Master’s Degree Programme in Bioinformatics JYOTI PRASAD BARTAULA: Classification Of Lymph Node Metastases In Breast Cancer With Features From Tissue Images Using Machine Learning Techniques Master of Science Thesis, 64 pages, 2 Appendix pages May 2017 Major subject: Bioinformatics Supervisor: Thomas Liuksiala Reviewers: Professor Matti Nykter, Juha Kesseli
MLLP-UPV and RWTH Aachen Spanish ASR Systems for the IberSpeech-RTVE 2018 Speech-to-Text Transcription Challenge

This paper describes the Automatic Speech Recognition systems built by the MLLP research group of Universitat Polit`ecnica de Val`encia and the HLTPR research group of RWTH Aachen for the IberSpeech-RTVE 2018 Speech-to-Text Transcription Challenge . We participated in both the closed and the open training conditions. The best system built for the closed condition was an hybrid BLSTM-HMM ASR system using one-pass decoding with a combination of a RNN LM and show-adapted n -gram LMs. It was trained on a set of reliable speech data extracted from the train and dev1 sets using MLLP’s transLectures-UPV toolkit (TLK) and TensorFlow. This system achieved 20.0% WER on the dev2 set. For the open condition we used approx. 3800 hours of out-of-domain training data from multiple sources and trained a one-pass hybrid BLSTM-HMM ASR system using open-source tools RASR and RETURNN developed at RWTH Aachen. This system scored 15.6% WER on the dev2 set. The highlights of these systems include robust speech data ﬁltering for acoustic model training and show-speciﬁc language modeling.
Bisphenol A and baby bottles: challenges and perspectives

Despite the fact that for more than a decade many toxicological studies were carried out world wide, there is not yet a full understanding of the impact of Bisphenol A (BPA) on human health. As BPA may migrate into infant formula preparations from polycarbonate baby bottles, there is a special concern about its possible effect on the development of infants and young children. The potential endocrine disrupting properties of BPA trigger especially this discussion. Several risk assessment studies have been performed; nevertheless, there is still not yet a full agreement between all the risk assessors and the issue of BPA continues to generate discussion and is at the centre of political debate. Most of the debate arise from diverging opinions concerning the reliability and relevance of studies reporting effects at low doses, often carried out in university laboratories, without following international guideline criteria or good laboratory practices. However, some researchers believe that these criteria should not be used to select best available information. In principle, this controversy might be solved via a new series of globally agreed toxicological studies, possibly to be carried out under the supervision of a panel of independent experts, with the participation of both academic research laboratories and regulatory bodies. To raise the quality and reliability of results, it may be agreed to carry out proficiency testing campaigns prior to the performance of the study. This report provides an overview of the scientific issues which are at the base on the on-going discussions on BPA, by summarising the risk assessment activities carried out so far, having taken into account the latest scientific information available, and considering future challenges, such as the lack of information on some BPA- free plastics which may be used as substitutes for polycarbonate. How to obtain EU publications Our priced publications are available from EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu), where you can place an order with the sales agent of your choice. The Publications Office has a worldwide network of sales agents. You can obtain their contact details by sending a fax to (352) 29 29-42758. The mission of the JRC is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies. As a service of the European Commission, the JRC functions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Close to the policy-making process, it serves the common interest of the Member States, while being independent of special interests, whether private or national. LB -N A -2489-EN -C
Randomized Controlled Trial Disease in Men : The Physicians ' Health Study II Vitamins E and C in the Prevention of Cardiovascular

Supplementary material http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/2008.600/DC1 Report Video JAMA Correction Contact me if this article is corrected. Citations Contact me when this article is cited. This article has been cited 7 times. Topic collections Contact me when new articles are published in these topic areas. Myocardial Infarction Cardiovascular System; Randomized Controlled Trial; Cardiovascular Disease/ Men's Health; Men's Health, Other; Neurology; Cerebrovascular Disease; Stroke;