Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mass Production of Plasma Activated Water: Case Studies of Its Biocidal Effect on Algae and Cyanobacteria

Efficient treatment of contaminated water in industrially viable volumes is still a challenging task. The hydrodynamic cavitation plasma jet (HCPJ) is a promising plasma source for industrial-scale generation of biologically active environments at high flow rates of several m3/h. The combined effect of a hydro-mechanical phenomenon consisting of hydrodynamic cavitation and electrical discharge in cavitation voids was found to be highly efficient for large-volume generation of reactive oxygen species, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and electro-mechanical stress in a liquid environment. Here, the persistence of biocidal properties of HCPJ-activated water (i.e., plasma-activated water (PAW)) was tested by the study of algae and cyanobacteria inactivation. Algae and cyanobacteria cultivated in media containing PAW (1:1) were completely inactivated after 72 h from first exposure. The test was performed at a total power input of up to 0.5 kWh/m3 at the treated liquid flow rate of 1 m3/h. A beneficial modification of our previous HCPJ design is described and thoroughly characterized with respect to the changes of hydrodynamic flow conditions as well as discharge performance and its optical characteristics. The modification proved to provide high biocidal activity of the resulting PAW, which confirms a strong potential for further design optimization of this promising water (liquid) plasma source.
A Scientific Approach to the Densification Debate in Bergen Centre in Norway

The municipality of Bergen in Norway aims to densify fifty per cent of new housing within the city’s central parts. The Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation ordered and financed an investigation to be carried out by the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences and the consulting firm Asplan Viak to give research-based input to the densification strategy debate in Bergen. This article demonstrates how the Space Syntax method can be applied to urban densification strategies in urban planning and policy making. The Geographical Information System (GIS) is used to obtain, select, and aggregate operational information. First, the spatial attributes that constitute an area’s attractiveness were registered. Then, this analysis was modelled after the Spacescape ® method. Next, the Space Syntax methodology was applied to predict to-movement and through-movement flow potentials. Finally, through weighting the relevant parameters, including impediments such as land ownership, twelve areas were identified as having major potential for transformation based on their overall score. As it turns out, the spatial structure of the street and road network is the underlying driver for how and where to densify. Now, the challenge is how to apply this knowledge into current planning practice.
Creation of accurate 3D models of harbor porpoises (
 Phocoena phocoena
 ) using 3D photogrammetry

Creating accurate 3D models of marine mammals is valuable for assessment of body condition, computational fluids dynamics models of locomotion, and for education. However, the methods for creating 3D models are not well-developed. We used photography and video to create 3D photogramme-try models of harbor porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena). We accessed one live adult female (155.5 cm total length), and two dead animals, one juvenile (110 cm total length) and one calf (88 cm total length). We accessed the two dead individuals through a stranding network in Germany, and the live individual through the Fjord and Baelt research center in Denmark. For all porpoises, we used still photographs from hand-held cameras, drone video, and synchronized GoPro videos to create 3D photogrammetric models. We used Blender software, and other 3D reconstruction software, to recreate the 3D body meshes, and confirmed
Fault diagnosis of gas turbine based on matrix capsules with EM routing

The fault detection and diagnosis of a gas turbine is of great significance for guaranteeing the complicated dynamic systems working normally and safely. Most of the existing fault diagnosis methods, based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), have certain limitations in extracting correlations of multi-channel data features. The accuracy of fault diagnosis still needs to be improved. In this paper, an approach of fault diagnosis, based on matrix capsules with EM routing, is presented. First of all, three channels data, which respectively represent acceleration, pressure and pulse, are integrated into one image to feed into the network. Secondly, network models based on the matrix capsules start to be trained by using input dataset which contains fault image and normal image. Finally, the pre-trained capsules model is used to diagnose the state of testing data. Besides, to verify the superiority of the algorithm used in this paper, a comparative experiment is implemented between matrix capsule networks and CNN. The results demonstrate that the testing accuracy is 99.995%.
FEM analysis of inspection manhole on large steel tanks

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the correct application of FEM analysis can be used to find effective solutions for the design of mechanical structures. The design of the inspection openings on the tanks is being considered. There are several existing tanks of the same dimensions (20 m high and diameter 10,2 m), but they have different wall thicknesses (9,6; 15; 20 and 25 mm). For inspection purposes, assembly of manhole hatch on all tanks is required. The manhole hatch is designed applying standard API 650. All tanks are filled with the water to the top 20 m high. Several different analyses have been carried out in order to ensure that there are not too high stresses in the materials of the existing tanks due to the insertion of the manhole hatch and finally qualify construction according to EN-13445 norm. The elastic analysis shows that stresses in the material are too high and the design hasn’t been approved. In order to avoid redesign procedures, which can be expensive and sometimes difficult to do in reality, plastic analysis has been done. After plastic analysis, the design could be approved with the restriction on the max. preload force in the bolts 40 kN/per bolt.
Review of fatigue of bulk structural adhesives and thick adhesive joints

Fatigue of structural adhesives has been investigated through joints and a little number of works investigate bulk adhesive behaviour itself. Aerospace and automotive engineering focuses more on joint configuration studies, which are correlated with practical applications. Previous works showed that for thin adhesive joints, material properties measured by bulk adhesive testing and joint testing are similar despite the triaxial stress states developing in the adhesive bondlines. However, with the introduction of structural adhesives in construction industry, thicker bondlines have emerged where the bulk adhesive material dominates the joint behaviour. This review work summarises works on the fatigue of bulk structural adhesives used mainly in the construction industry investigating structural adhesives fatigue behaviour either through experiment on joints or on bulk adhesive specimens. The work focuses on thick adhesive bondlines in joints, and discusses the controversy that is over whether adhesive properties from joints or from bulk material should be used.
Multimode laser beam scintillations in weak atmospheric turbulence for vertical link laser communications

Scintillation index of multimode laser beams used for communication systems in vertical paths of weak atmospheric turbulent medium are examined by employing the Rytov method. On-axis scintillation index is examined versus the source size, propagation distance and zenith angle for vertical link including uplink and downlink. At the selected values of source sizes and propagation distances, scintillation responses of multimode laser beams are evaluated. In general, it is found for both uplink and downlink that the laser beam with multimode content has larger scintillation noise as compared to a Gaussian laser beam. However, for the downlink at L=700 km, at the chosen parameters, the multimode beam possessing larger mode content, is found to attain slightly smaller scintillations.
Context-Aware Attention Network for Human Emotion Recognition in Video

Recognition of human emotion from facial expression is affected by distortions of pictorial quality and facial pose, which is often ignored by traditional video emotion recognition methods. On the other hand, context information can also provide different degrees of extra clues, which can further improve the recognition accuracy. In this paper, we first build a video dataset with seven categories of human emotion, named human emotion in the video (HEIV). With the HEIV dataset, we trained a context-aware attention network (CAAN) to recognize human emotion. The network consists of two subnetworks to process both face and context information. Features from facial expression and context clues are fused to represent the emotion of video frames, which will be then passed through an attention network and generate emotion scores. Then, the emotion features of all frames will be aggregated according to their emotional score. Experimental results show that our proposed method is effective on HEIV dataset.
Evidence of sporulation capability of the ubiquitous oil reservoir microbe Halanaerobium congolense

Abstract Subsurface lineages of microorganisms are often questioned for their autochthonous nature. We hypothesize that sporulation is critical to the delivery and ubiquity of Halanaerobium congolense in global subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs, forming spores, or spore-like structures in order to survive surface conditions, and thriving in subsurface reservoir conditions. Genomic analysis of H. congolense revealed the presence of various genes essential for sporulation, many of which are homologous to those involved in various stages of sporulation in clostridia and bacilli. Transcriptomics revealed transcription of sporulation genes in H. congolense grown in sub-optimal conditions. This is further supported by microscopy evidence of spore-like structures.
External Debt and Economic Growth: A Heterogeneous Static ‎Panel Study in Asian Developing and Transition Economies

Abstract‎This study examined the impact of total external debt, public external debt, and private external debt on economic growth of ‎Asian ‎developing and transition economies economic growth from 1995 to 2019. We ‎applied the fixed effect model with two ‎robust estimators of the feasible generalized least square estimator ‎and Driscoll-Kraay standard error estimator to address the ‎cross-sectional dependence. The findings showed that the total external debt has a significant and positive impact on economic ‎growth while the public external debt and private external debt affect economic growth adversely. ‎
High Accuracy Measurements on the Ground State Rotational Spectrum of Formaldehyde (H2CO) up to 2 THz

In making use of the Cologne Sideband spectrometer for Terahertz Applications (COSSTA), the pure rotational spectrum of H2CO in its ground vibrational state has been investigated in the frequency range from 1.76 to 2.01 THz with an absolute frequency accuracy ranging from 20 to 50 kHz for strong, isolated lines. Additionally, the rotational spectrum has been reinvestigated in the 0.830 to 0.957 THz region with the Cologne Terahertz spectrometer. The accurate new line frequencies were subjected to a combined fit with previously published data employing standard A- and S-reduced Watson-type Hamiltonians.
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR THE FIVE-AXIS EXTRUSION OF A PHOTOPOLYMER

The development of a novel method of additive manufacturing involving the support-free extrusion of a photopolymer is discussed. The objectives of the paper are the presentation of mechanical and electrical hardware developments for a freeform additive manufacturing system, a discussion of the process developments that have taken place, and the presentation of the results from tests used to validate improvements to the system. Developments include the replacement of the UV light source with lasers, and the implementation of collision avoidance algorithms. The results include a significant increase in the speed of the extrusion process, and an improved toolpath viability achieved by the implementation of the collision avoidance algorithms.
The composition of the material phase responsible for the self-healing of macro-cracks in asphalt mortar beams

ABSTRACT Self-healing of asphalt is assumed to be a flow process where bitumen flows into cracks to close them. Hence, the rheological behaviour of bitumen is one of the main factors affecting self-healing together with damage history, healing duration and pressure (external compressive forces or internal thermal expansion). Bitumen-filler interaction influences the flow and it is hypothesised that the material flowing into cracks during self-healing is a mixture of bitumen, filler and eventually fine aggregates. In the paper, the self-healing ratio was determined by mechanical testing and the self-healing was accelerated by an increase of temperature to 100°C. Material draining from asphalt mortar beams into a horizontal gap, representing a crack, was found to be a mixture of bitumen and aggregates with increasing self-healing observed with increasing bitumen and filler content. For the mortar mixture used in this study, a bitumen content of 5.4 wt% was identified to be the limit for self-healing.
Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health of Informal Caregivers of Emergency Service Workers

Abstract Emergency service workers (ESWs) are at increased risk of experiencing mental health symptoms. Little is known about the health impact of providing informal care to ESWs (e.g., their family and friends). We aimed to examine the health of Australian ESWs and their informal caregivers compared to the general population, using baseline data from ESWs enrolled in an intervention study. Outcomes included psychological distress, sleep, quality of life and physical activity. Participants were n = 30 informal carers and n = 34 ESWs. Results highlighted that the health of informal caregivers of ESWs is compromised compared to general Australian population data. Interventions should be expanded to include informal caregivers.
India-France Relations in the Post-Cold War Era

India-France relations in the post-Cold War era are very cordial. As early as the 1980s, France wished to give greater scope to its relations with India. Relations between India and France have traditionally been close and friendly. With the establishment of strategic partnerships in 1998, there has been significant progress in all areas of bilateral cooperation through regular high-level exchanges at the Head of State/Head of Government levels and growing cooperation and exchanges including in strategic areas such as defense, counter-terrorism, nuclear energy, and space. France was the first country with which India agreed on civil nuclear cooperation following the waiver given by the Nuclear Suppliers’ Group, enabling India to resume full civil nuclear cooperation with the international community
Data-Driven Approaches to Targeting Promotion E-Mails: The Case of Delayed Incentives

This paper empirically investigates using the e-mail channel to target customers with a delayed incentive promotion—specifically, gift card promotion—and derives data-driven e-mail targeting policies. Gift card promotions are popular across retailers because they incentivize customers to spend more than a fixed expenditure level on regularly priced products by rewarding customers with a gift card to be redeemed against a future purchase. The e-mail channel provides retailers with new sources of customer-level data, which enables better prediction of customers’ responsiveness to e-mails (e.g., clicking) and the sales promotion that comes with it (e.g., participation in the promotion). We formulate the retailer’s promotion e-mail targeting problem by maximizing two objectives—the promotion’s profitability (i.e., profit-based targeting) and e-mail click-through rate (i.e., CTR-based targeting). We also take into account the retailer’s promotion budget and exclusivity concerns in targeting e-mails. We use a comprehensive dataset from a Fortune 500 luxury fashion retailer’s online channel and utilize both parametric and non-parametric methods to predict customers’ response to promotion e-mails. Our data-driven targeting policies improve the promotion’s profitability by 5.57% and e-mail CTR by 472.57%, on average, compared to our partner retailer’s current e-mail policy. We also find that the CTR-based targeting policy lowers promotion profitability by, on average, 9.09% compared to the profit-based one. However, the CTR-based policy recuperates the short-term losses in the long-term and increases long-term profitability by 3.94%, on average, compared to the profit-based targeting policy.
Design of novel sparse arrays for DOA estimation of noncircular sources

ABSTRACT In this paper, we first propose a novel sparse array (NSA) composed of three adjoined sparse subarrays, among which the first and third ones can form the prototype coprime array (CA), and the second one is nested to them. When deploying NSA for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, two virtual CAs with larger apertures than the physical ones can be generated by vectorising the covariance matrices corresponding to specific subarray pairs. Accordingly, improved DOA estimation performance can be achieved. Afterwards, to enhance the DOA estimation of noncircular sources, four improved NSAs are designed, which have minimised redundancy between the difference and sum coarrays. Hence, they have larger utilised apertures than NSA. In addition, due to the larger physical aperture and inter-element spacing, all the five proposed arrays have less mutual coupling and better DOA estimation performance than the prototype CA. Numerical simulations confirm their effectiveness and superiority.
Characterisation of Time-of-Flight (ToF) imaging system for application in monitoring deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy (DIBH-RT)

The purpose of this study is to develop a method for characterisation of time-of-flight (ToF) imaging system for application in deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy (DIBH-RT). The performance of an Argos 3D P330 ToF camera (Bluetechnix, Austria) was studied for patient surface monitoring during DIBH-RT using a phantom to simulate the intra-patient and inter-patient stability of the camera. Patient setup error was also simulated by positioning the phantom at predefined shift positions (2, 5 and 10 mm) from the isocentre. The localisation accuracy of the phantom was measured using ToF imaging system and repeated using CBCT imaging alone (CBCT) and simultaneously using ToF imaging during CBCT imaging (ToF-CBCT). The mean and SD of the setup errors obtained from each of the imaging methods were calculated. Student t-test was used to compare the mean setup errors. Correlation and Bland-Altman analysis were also performed. The intra-and inter-patient stability of the camera were within 0.31 mm and 0.74 mm, respectively. The localisation accuracy in terms of the mean ±SD of the measured setup errors were 0.34 ± 0.98 mm, 0.12 ± 0.34 mm, and −0.24 ± 1.42 mm for ToF, CBCT and ToF-CBCT imaging, respectively. A strong correlation was seen between the phantom position and the measured position using ToF (r = 0.96), CBCT (r = 0.99) as well as ToF-CBCT (r = 0.92) imaging. The limits of agreement from Bland Altman analysis between the phantom position and ToF, CBCT and ToF-CBCT measured positions were −1.52, 2.31 mm, −0.55, 0.78 mm; and −3.03, 2.55 mm, respectively. The sensor shows good stability and high accuracy comparable to similar sensors in the market. The method developed is useful for characterisation of an optical surface imaging system for application in monitoring DIBH-RT.
A Behavioral Change Intervention System to Support the Hydration Habits of Nurses in Hospital Wards

This paper reports on the design and development of a Behavior Change Intervention (BCI) device and service provision aimed at supporting the personal hydration habits of the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) ward-based nurses. A conceptual solution is proposed that has been developed using an iterative design process, following an adapted version of the double-diamond approach, over a seven-month time period from 11 October 2019–13 May 2020. The research was completed in collaboration with the Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom. A thematic review of related literature was completed to identify key research questions. Consultation with a senior long-serving NHS nurse and a real-time observation study was completed in an NHS ward to answer these questions within the research scope. Collected data were analyzed and insights into the behaviors of nurses and the contextual factors influencing them were provided. Reusable BCI devices and a habit formation program, incorporating a smart fob watch and water station, are proposed inside of a cradle-to-cradle system. Finally, the parameters of the developed solution are defined, and the device and user experience are visualized using computer renders and storyboards. Aspects of the device functionality and feasibility have been proven and visualized using graphic devices, and their use for data collection to inform healthcare management and improvements is discussed.
Fully self-aligned process for fabricating 100nm gate length enhancement mode GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors

This article describes a process flow that has enabled the first demonstration of functional, fully self-aligned 100nm enhancement mode GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with GaxGdyOz as high-κ dielectric, Pt∕W as metal gate stack, and SiN as sidewall spacers. The flow uses blanket metal and dielectric deposition and low damage dry etch modules. As a consequence, no critical dimension lift-off processes are required. Encouraging data are presented for 100nm gate length devices including threshold voltage of 0.32V, making these the shortest, fully self-aligned gate length enhancement mode III-V MOSFETs reported to date. This work is a significant step forward to the demonstration of high performance “siliconlike” III-V MOSFETs.
Application of Machine Learning in Computer Vision and Cancer Bioinformatics

This article focuses on some of the problems of machine learning in computer vision and cancer bioinformatics.Separately, in computer vision, this paper adopts the method based on machine learning to study the face recognition, natural environment image classification, Static Image Behavior Recognition Algorithm;In the bioinformatics, questions relating to the classification of subtypes and stages of breast cancer are explored.