Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LED light source for hyperspectral fluorescence imaging

This report deals with the possibility of creating a LED light source, to be used with hyperspectral fluorescence imaging. There are commercially available light sources that could be used, but they are expensive, they do not necessarily emit the right wavelength, the uniformity of the field is questionable and they are difficult to modify. First a batch of Light emitting diodes were acquired, these were subjected to a series of tests to classify their limitations and determine which diodes were to be included in the final light source. A spectrometer was used to determine the emitted wavelength of each diode and which scenarios could change the wavelength of the emitted light. A photodiode was used to acquire the viewing angle of the LEDs and their relative radiant power. Images gathered by a hyperspectral camera were used to determine the relevancy of noise produced by the current source. When the light emitting diodes were chosen, the photodiode was used to make an image of the light field. The final light source was mounted on the hyperspectral camera to gather fluorescent images. The final tests revealed a fully functional light source with potential to be used on a regular basis, but the current source was too cumbersome and the field was not optimal. These are issues that can be dealt with and this light source can in the future provide a cheap and easily modifiable light source alternative.
Determinants of Farmers' Resilience towards ENSO-Related Drought: Evidence from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Crop production in the tropics is subject to considerable climate variability caused by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. In Southeast Asia, El Nino causes comparatively dry conditions leading to substantial declines of crop yields. In concert with global warming, the frequency and severity of the phenomenon are likely to increase during the 21st century. Little is known about the impact of ENSO-related drought on the welfare of farm households in developing countries. This paper seeks to contribute to closing this knowledge gap with a case study from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Its objective is to measure household resilience towards drought periods and identify its influencing factors to deduce policy implications. Using consumption-related indicators, we develop an index measuring household drought resilience; we then identify its determinants applying an asset-based livelihood framework encompassing the household-specific level of technical efficiency in agricultural production. Most of the drought-affected farm households are forced to substantially reduce expenditures for basic necessities, whereby the drastic cuts in food expenditures are particularly alarming. Households' drought resilience is strengthened by the possession of liquid assets, access to credit, and a high level of technical efficiency in crop production. The results suggest a number of policy recommendations, namely the improvement of the farmers' access to ENSO forecasts, the provision of formal credit at moderate interest rates to facilitate consumption smoothing, and the intensification of agricultural extension efforts in view of low levels of technical efficiency found in agricultural production.
Chronology of eocene-miocene sequences on the new jersey shallow shelf: Implications for regional, interregional, and global correlations

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 313 continuously cored and logged latest Eocene to early-middle Miocene sequences at three sites (M27, M28, and M29) on the inner-middle continental shelf offshore New Jersey, providing an opportunity to evaluate the ages, global correlations, and significance of sequence boundaries. We provide a chronology for these sequences using integrated strontium isotopic stratigraphy and biostratigraphy (primarily calcareous nannoplankton, diatoms, and dinocysts [dinoflagellate cysts]). Despite challenges posed by shallow-water sediments, age resolution is typically ±0.5 m.y. and in many sequences is as good as ±0.25 m.y. Three Oligocene sequences were sampled at Site M27 on sequence bottomsets. Fifteen early to early-middle Miocene sequences were dated at Sites M27, M28, and M29 across clinothems in topsets, foresets (where the sequences are thickest), and bottomsets. A few sequences have coarse (∼1 m.y.) or little age constraint due to barren zones; we constrain the age estimates of these less well dated sequences by applying the principle of superposition, i.e., sediments above sequence boundaries in any site are younger than the sediments below the sequence boundaries at other sites. Our age control provides constraints on the timing of deposition in the clinothem; sequences on the topsets are generally the youngest in the clinothem, whereas the bottomsets generally are the oldest. The greatest amount of time is represented on foresets, although we have no evidence for a correlative conformity. Our chronology provides a baseline for regional and interregional correlations and sea-level reconstructions: (1) we correlate a major increase in sedimentation rate precisely with the timing of the middle Miocene climate changes associated with the development of a permanent East Antarctic Ice Sheet; and (2) the timing of sequence boundaries matches the deep-sea oxygen isotopic record, implicating glacioeustasy as a major driver for forming sequence boundaries.
Distribution of spin-axes longitudes and shape elongations of main-belt asteroids

Context. Large all-sky surveys provide us with a lot of photometric data that are sparse in time (typically a few measurements per night) and can be potentially used for the determination of shapes and rotational states of asteroids. The method generally used to derive these parameters is the light curve inversion. However, for most asteroids their sparse data are not accurate enough to derive a unique model and the light curve inversion method is thus not very efficient. Aims. To fully utilize photometry sparse in time, we developed a new simplified model and applied it on the data from the Lowell photometric database. Our aim was to derive spin axis orientations and shape elongations of asteroids and to find out if there are some differences in distributions of these parameters for selected subpopulations. Methods. We modeled asteroids as geometrically scattering triaxial ellipsoids. Observed values of mean brightness and the dispersion of brightness were compared with computed values obtained from the parameters of the model, i.e., the ecliptical longitude λ and latitude β of the pole and the ratios a / b , b / c of axes of the ellipsoid. These parameters were optimized to get the best agreement with the observation. Results. We found that the distribution of λ for main-belt asteroids is not uniform and is dependent on the inclination of the orbit. Surprisingly, the nonuniformity of λ distribution is larger for asteroids residing on low-inclination orbits. We also studied distributions of a / b for several groups of asteroids and found that small asteroids ( D < 25 km) are on average more elongated than large ones.
An Assessment of Intermediary Roles in Payments for Ecosystem Services Schemes in the Context of Catchment Management: An Example from South West England

Payments for Ecosystems Services (PES) schemes are an underdeveloped component of the policy mix for catchment management in many countries. The importance of intermediaries to such schemes is acknowledged in the literature but few studies go beyond theory to evaluate practice. This paper analyses generic intermediary functions for PES. It then evaluates an innovative example from southwest England that provides illustrations, and some lessons regarding necessary capabilities and characteristics for intermediaries, and understanding of their form, functions and modalities. The ‘UpStream Thinking’ project was co-developed by a private water company and an environmental charity. The former translated effective demand from shareholders and water customers for improved raw water quality into finance, whilst the latter had capabilities for catchment-scale on-farm delivery and trusted acceptance as an intermediary. While any sector can potentially provide a PES intermediary, the value driven, not-for-profit and politically neutral voluntary sector proves to be a good fit. Such ‘boundary organisations’ are also well placed for horizontal coordination of catchment management authorities and actions.
Calculated Resistances of Single Grain Boundaries in Copper

The resistance of copper grain boundaries (GBs) is calculated systematically through a full atomistic quantum approach. A set of twin GBs, including the coherent twin GB, is generated by density functional theory (DFT) total energy relaxation starting from the coincidence site lattice (CSL) model. The atomic structure of the GBs is used to construct two-probe transport junctions for quantum-transport analysis by carrying out DFTwithin the Green's function formalism. The specific resistivity calculated for the coherent twin GB is found to be quantitatively consistent with the available experimental and theoretical data. The specific resistivity and reflection coefficient of other more complex GBs are predicted. The interfacial energy density and specific resistivity are both found to inversely relate with the planar density of coincidence sites. Comparison of our calculated specific resistivities and reflection coefficients with the corresponding GB-averaged experimental quantities shines light on the microstructure of the samples.
Effect of β-Glucosidase as a Feed Supplementary on the Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes and Physiology of Broilers

The effects of -glucosidase on the overall growth performance and a set of physiological parameters of broilers were investigated. 240 male, one-day old Avine broiler chickswere randomly allocated to four treatment groups and fed with a corn-soybean meal supplemented with 0% (control), 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% -glucosidase. The 0.2% -glucosidase group, but not the 0.4% and 0.6% -glucosidase groups, showed a significantly increased average daily weight gain (p-glucosidase feed groups showed significantly higher feed conversion ratios than the control group (p-glucosidase significantly raised the contents of serum isoflavone aglycones as shown by decreases of genistin and daizin (p-glucosidase feeding significantly increased the intestinal amylase activity while it had little effect on lipase and trypsin activities (p>0.05). 0.2% -glucosidase feeding also significant elevated the levels of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and malate dehydrogenase while lowering the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Finally, -glucosidase improved the anti-oxidative activities of the animals; the 0.2% -glucosidase feed group had higher activities of superoxide dismutase (p
Comparative Study of Antenna Designs for RF Energy Harvesting

In the last few years, several antenna designs of rectenna that meet various objectives have been proposed for use in RF energy harvesting. Among various antennas, microstrip patch antennas are widely used because of their low profile, light weight, and planar structure. Conventional patch antennas are rectangular or circular in shape, but variations in their basic design are made for different purposes. This paper begins with an explanation and discussion of different designs, put forward with an aim of miniaturization, harmonic rejection, and reconfigurability. Finally, microstrip patch structured rectennas are evaluated and compared with an emphasis on the various methods adopted to obtain a compact rectenna, harmonic rejection functionality, and frequency and polarization selectivity.
First molecular confirmation of the Dactylogyrus anchoratus and D. vastator (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) from Carassius auratus in western India

Dactylogyrus anchoratus and Dactylogyrus vastator (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) are distributed worldwide as the most frequent ectoparasites of goldfish (Carassius auratus). This is the first report of D. anchoratus and D. vastator from India. The monogeneans were identified using morphometric measurements of hard parts, the morphology of the haptoral parts and the shape of the male copulatory organ. Molecular characterization by phylogenetic analyses of 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA gene sequences supported the morphological identifications.
EFFECT OF EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING IN BUILDING BRAND EQUITY: A CASE OF SELECTED UNILEVER TANZANIA BRANDS

Purpose : To analyze the effects of experiential marketing in building brand equity for selected brands of Unilever Tanzania. Methodology : The study adopted an explanatory and descriptive research design. Findings: The study found that experiential marketing is the best way to market a product, and senses are heightened when they experience the product/brand firsthand. The study found that experiential marketing practices have a positive effect on consumers and overall brand equity. The study also found that it is a challenge in capturing marketing insights, connecting with customers, building strong brands, shaping the market offerings, delivering and communicating value, creating long-term growth, and developing marketing strategies while building brand equity. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Potential benefits of such a study include raising marketers’ awareness of the importance of brand equity needs of the FMCG companies by making use of experiential marketing as an avenue to meeting the targets and achieving high returns for each of their brands. This research will benefit Unilever Tanzania and other FMCG companies, as it will provide a roadmap that they can use to market their product/brands better. The research will play a great role in assisting mangers by exploring how they can more effectively ensure that the brands curve out a bigger share of the market by tapping into unutilized opportunities. This insight into the significant role played by experiential marketing could also be used to steer other brands that are looking for value to use this channel of marketing campaigns.
Item-Based Clustering CF Recommend Algorithm in MapReduce Framework

Due to the overload of information, it's difficult to find the information we need from large amount of information. Thus, the recommendation algorithm appears. When the size of data is too large, the traditional collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm becomes unable to satisfy the requirement, such as out of memory. Therefore, this paper proposed a collaborative filtering algorithm based on feature clustering. Using the co-occurrence matrix replaces the similarity matrix and enhancing the efficiency of the algorithm. The itembased collaborative filtering algorithm was improved in order to make the algorithm run in parallel modes, such as running on Hadoop. So the algorithm can be easily improved performance by adding more nodes. After that, I clustered the rating data by the feature of user's, generated intra-group and inter-group recommendation results and mixed the two recommendation results. The experimental platform is Hadoop. And experiments show that: the complexity of matrix calculation has been reduced while the accuracy of recommendation results has been improved. Keywords—clustering, collaborative filtering, recommend algorithm, mapreduce, hadoop
Why do they stay? Loss aversion and Duration of Residence

Migration and labor mobility studies are dominated, as their names suggest, by theories and empirical accounts of movers. Studies of internal migration for example ask who moves, why they move and with what consequences - to themselves, their origin and destination. By contrast stayers are not as often the subject of enquiry despite the fact that most people move relatively infrequently. The alternative question, which we explore in this working paper, is why people spend most of their working lives in one place. We follow a line of argument that privileges the view that staying is the dominant, preferred state and that moving is simply an adjustment towards a desired state of stability (or equilibrium). Our argument is based around the idea, already recognized in the literature, that migration is risky. However we extend the argument to the theoretically more interesting idea of loss aversion as developed within prospect theory. According to prospect theory existing possessions including the existing community are attributed a value well beyond their purchase price and that this extends the average period of staying among the loss averse. We outline an empirical strategy which uses survival models to test the role played by an individual’s perceived level of risk. In the process we control for a range of demographic and socio-economic characteristics as well as life stage events. We propose applying the Cox proportional hazards model in order to show how the occupancy durations of selected categories of people are differentially affected by their personal level of risk adversity. We distinguish, in particular, between the effects of events (like divorce, bearing a child, getting married) on extending or reducing the stay, for respondents with different prior levels of loss aversion.
Trade Growth in a Heterogeneous Firm Model: Evidence from South Eastern Europe

In 2007 a Free Trade Area (BFTA) will be created in the Balkans. In this paper we study the potential impact of BFTA on trade growth in the SEE. Given that welfare impacts associated with trade growth depend on the growth channels, more goods and varieties exported or at higher price or higher volume of goods and varieties are exported, in this paper we investigate the structure of integration-induced export growth in the Balkans. The empirical implementation of our analysis is complicated by the fact that firm-level trade data is not available for the SEE economies. In order to cope with this data paucity, we adopt a heterogeneous firm framework, which allows us to decompose the aggregate trade growth in two parts: the intensive margin of trade and the extensive margin of trade using only aggregate trade data. The empirical findings of our study suggest that the BFTA would primarily trigger trade growth through a growing number of exported goods (the extensive margin of trade). Thus, the actual welfare gains from trade growth in the Balkans might be larger than predicted by previous trade studies. We also found that a variable trade cost reduction would lead to higher export growth rates compared to a fixed trade cost reduction. These results allow us to draw detailed policy conclusions.
A FRACTAL ANALYSIS STUDY OF RETINAL DEVELOPMENT IN RATS EXPOSED TO THE ALTERNATING HYPEROXIA-HYPOXIA

Summary The objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of an alternating hyperoxiahypoxia exposure on the newborn rats retinal layers using fractal analysis. This study was conducted on two groups of 20 newborn rats: a contr ol (normal) group (10 rats) and an experimental group (10 rats). The control group was composed of 10 newborn rats, which were placed at 12 hours after birth, in a pediatric incubator, together with their mother, in conditions of normoxia for 21 days. The experimental group consisted of 10 newborn rats, which were placed at 12 hours after birth, in a ped iatric incubator with their mother, in conditions of normoxia for 7 days, then 7 days of a lternating hyperoxia (80 % O2) hypoxia (10 % O2) exposure for 22.5 hours/day and then 7 days in co nditions of normoxia. Slaughtering of the rats was performed on day 21 an d the eye globes were harvested in order to perform histopathological examinations. Th e fractal analyses of the retinal digital images were performed using the fractal analysis so ftware Image J and the fractal dimensions were calculated using the standard box-c ounting method. Results were assessed on histological sections. Microscopic examination r evealed a normal development of the retina in the control group. In the experimental gr oup, all the animals exposed to alternating hyperoxia-hypoxia revealed both structural and vasc ular abnormalities on entire retina. Fractal dimension may be used as a quantitative des criptor of morphological complexity. The mean fractal dimensions of the newborn rats ret inal layers were determined during the normoxia and for an alternating hyperoxia-hypoxia e xposure. Fractal analysis provides a global assessment of the histo-architectural change s in the newborn rats retinal layers during the alternating hyperoxia-hypoxia exposure.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of Electronic Customer Relationship Management Information Systems in SMEs

The recent global recession has pushed businesses to search for means to efficiently and effectively manage their customers so as to remain competitive. This has led to the rise in the adoption and use of information technology in different business functions. These developments have yielded into the adoption of Electronic Customer Relationship Management. However, as this technology sees more prominence in the developed countries, many organizations in developing countries are finding it difficult to implement. This study was intended to examine the factors that affect the adoption of Electronic Customer Relationship Management in developing countries. A case study was conducted in Uganda, in which 150 Small and Medium-sized Enterprises where purposively selected from 30 districts to participate in the study. A sample size of 450 was taken from these organizations. Self administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Te data were coded and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings indicate that although Electronic Customer Relationship Management was very beneficial in promoting Small and Medium Enterprises' new products, marketing existing products, keeping their customers updated and sharing information, most Small and Medium Enterprises faced challenges in adopting the technology. The main challenges were highlighted as lack of knowledge about the Electronic Customer Relationship Management, lack of Information Communication Technology skills, poor infrastructure, lack of top management support and resistance to change. The study gives some recommendations for better adoption of Electronic Customer Relationship Management in Small and Medium Enterprises.
The In-Vivo Diagnostic Assay of Antimicrobial Activity Using ModifiedProbe

Background: An antimicrobial activity of penicillin (pen) detection was searched by using with a handheld voltammetry systems. Methods: The working probe modification was prepared using with a graphite pencil (PE), mercury paste, bismuth immobilized carbon nanotube, and others were compared using cyclic voltammetry. Results: The PE was more sensitive than other modified probe. Here optimum stripping conditions were attained to 5.0 ng/L (1.49 × 10-11 M) (S/N) detection limit in the 0.1 M H3PO4 electrolyte, the experimental time used only a 60.0 sec accumulation time, under these conditions, a low analytical working range of 0.0-80.0 ng/L, relative standard deviation of the 20.0 μg/L with 0.070% (n=15) obtained. The developed methods could be applied to rat urine and directly performed to in vivo diagnostic raw assay. Conclusions: The developed modifications can be applied for ex vivo and real-time monitoring of antimicrobial recognition.