Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The orchid-bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of Acre state (northwestern Brazil) and a re-evaluation of euglossine bait-trapping.

Male orchid bees were sampled with chemical baits from May 1996 to March 1998 in two forested areas in the state of Acre, Brazilian Amazonia. The two most used sampling methods in euglossine studies were used simultaneously: insect nets and bait traps. We collected 1,744 euglossine specimens belonging to at least 33 species. Of these, 1,221 were collected with insect nets and 523 in bait traps. Eulaema cingulata (Fabricius) and Eulaema meriana (Olivier) were the commonest species in both the Parque Zoobotânico and the Catuaba Reserve, followed by Euglossa amazonica Dressler, Euglossa ignita Smith, and Euglossa mixta Friese. Due to a combination of ‘dominant species’ and the specific composition of the orchid-bee fauna of the studied areas, the Acrean orchid-bee fauna has shown to be quite different from other areas sampled in Amazonia. As the sampling effort with bait traps was twice as higher as that with insect nets, the efficiency of the insect net method was 4.7 times greater, in average, than that with bait traps. Thirty-two of the 33 species were collected with insect nets, whereas only 24 species were collected with bait traps. The resulting community of orchid bees was also different. The large bees of the genus Eulaema Lepeletier were much more abundant in bait-trap (74% - 79%) than in insect net samples (37% - 39%). The considerable differences in efficiency between insect nets and bait trap collections suggest that the sole use of bait traps should be avoided in orchid bee studies or restricted to situations in which the use of insect nets is impossible. Key words: Amazonia, chemical baits, euglossine bees, Hymenoptera, insect nets, Insecta.
Effects of Preemptive and Preventive intravenous Paracetamol on postoperative pain and opioid consumption in patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy

Background: Adequate pain control is a goal in post operative recovery. However opioids provide good analgesic effects, their side effects such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) limit their administration. Intravenous Paracetamol as a safe and well tolerated drug with lower side effects can be used instead of opioids for pain management. Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare preemptive or preventive administration of paracetamol with placebo group to investigate its effects on pain control and opioid consumption in patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy. Patients and Methods : Ninety patients were randomly divided to three groups. Preemptive group received 1 gr paracetamol in 100 ml normal saline 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia, Preventive group received 1 gr paracetamol in 100 ml normal saline before closure of the skin and placebo group just received 100 ml normal saline. Post surgical pain was assessed using Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). Pethidine 0.25 mg/kg was administered and repeated each 10 minutes to control pain. Pain scores, total dose of opioid and symptoms like nausea and vomiting were recorded. Results: Preemptive and Preventive groups had lower pain scores than placebo group. Opioid consumption and PONV were significantly higher in placebo group. No significant differences were observed between Preemptive and Preventive groups. Conclusion: IV Paracetamol can provide an adequate pain control with low side effects and may be an effective choice in management of post operative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy
Educational assortative mating in the United States and the effect on income inequality by household from 1960 to 2005

This study examines the effect assortative mating by education has on income inequality by household. In contrast to the majority of other literature in this field which focus on the United States (U.S.) as a whole, this study makes use of state-level data to examine the marriage mating market with respect to education attainment. It also examines how homogamous partnerships increase income inequality across households by analyzing changes in the Gini coefficient over time. Panel data for this analysis is from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS-International and IPUMS-USA) from the U.S. Census of the Population. Assortative mating by education is shown in this analysis to be a contributing factor to increasing inequality among homogamous heterosexual partnerships in the U.S. from 1960 to 2005. Keywords: assortative mating; education level; United States (state-level, from 1960-2005); income inequality (household); labour economics; welfare economics
Assembly maps for topological cyclic homology of group algebras

Abstract We use assembly maps to study 𝐓𝐂 ⁢ ( 𝔸 ⁢ [ G ] ; p ) \mathbf{TC}(\mathbb{A}[G];p) , the topological cyclic homology at a prime p of the group algebra of a discrete group G with coefficients in a connective ring spectrum 𝔸 \mathbb{A} . For any finite group, we prove that the assembly map for the family of cyclic subgroups is an isomorphism on homotopy groups. For infinite groups, we establish pro-isomorphism, (split) injectivity, and rational injectivity results, as well as counterexamples to injectivity and surjectivity. In particular, for hyperbolic groups and for virtually finitely generated abelian groups, we show that the assembly map for the family of virtually cyclic subgroups is injective but in general not surjective.
Fraud prediction for credit card using classification method

With the improvement of innovation like credit cards, debit cards, mobile banking, Internet managing an account is the mainstream medium to exchange the cash starting with one record then onto the next. Credit card is picking up fame day by day which expands the online exchange with the expansion in online shopping, online charge payment, insurance premium and different charges so the extortion cases identified with this are likewise expanding and it puts an extraordinary anxiety on the economy, affecting the two clients and budgetary bodies. It costs cash as well as an awesome measure of time to reestablish the damage done. In this paper, we look whether data mining procedures are valuable to estimate and categorize the client's credit risk score (normal/fraud) to beat the future dangers. The reason for existing is to keep the clients from online exchange by utilizing particular Data mining classification methods. The fakes are ascertained by Naïve Bayes method way to deal with break down the exchange is actual or fake. The exploratory outcome demonstrates that our model has great classification accuracy, recall and precision.
Beer metabolomics: Molecular details of the brewing process and the differential effects of late and dry hopping on yeast purine metabolism

Author(s): Spevacek, AR; Benson, KH; Bamforth, CW; Slupsky, CM | Abstract: © 2016 The Institute of Brewing a Distilling. The flavour of beer is complex, based upon changes at the molecular level in the key raw materials, notably grain, hops and yeast, as well as during the process stages that comprise malting and brewing. As analytical techniques evolve in their sophistication and sensitivity, there are opportunities to delve ever more deeply into the fate of small molecules in brewing. To this end, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics was used to follow the progression of 76 metabolites in four different late or dry hopped beers (brewed in triplicate) at five time points throughout the brewing process. The majority of the metabolites identified, including sugars, amino acids and nucleotides, significantly decreased in concentration from the start of the boil to post-secondary fermentation, whereas energy-related and fatty acid associated metabolites significantly increased in concentration as wort nutrients were consumed by the yeast. Adenine was significantly higher in the dry hopped brews than in the late hopped brews after both primary (p=2.1×10-6) and secondary (p=2.7×10-9) fermentation, while 2′-deoxyadenosine (after primary, p=1.1×10-2, after secondary, p=3.2×10-5) and adenosine (after primary, p=2.6×10-8; after secondary, p=3.1×10-7)were significantly lower in the dry hopped beers at these time points. These results give molecular insight into the brewing process and the differential effects of hopping methods on yeast purine metabolism.
A NEW THEORETICAL THERMODYNAMIC MODEL FOR THE SOLUBILITY OF ACID GASES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF N-METHYLIDETHANOLAMINE

In gas sweetening, acid gases such as CO 2 and/or H 2S are usually removed by "chemical" absorption through aqueous amine solutions such as N-Methylidethanolamine (MDEA) solution. Reliable prediction of equilibrium properties (vapor- liquid equilibrium and species distribution) is needed for a rigorous design of such absorption processes. Information on energy requirements can also be obtained from a reliable vaporliquid equilibrium thermodynamic model. The currently used methods for correlating/predicting the simultaneous solubility of H 2S and CO 2 in aqueous MDEA solutions require accurate experimental solubility data of single and mixed gases, which, in general, confine their applicability in the experimental region. The purpose of this study is to develop a new theoretical thermodynamic model based on incorporating thermodynamic relationships that correlates the equilibrium and solubility constants to the Gibbs free energy of reaction, leading to an enhanced predictive capability of the model. In this work the Pitzer model is used to account for activity and specific ion interactive forces. This will allow to take into account the effect of the presence of all cations and anions such as thermally stable salts, dissolved organic species and amine degradation products that are usually encountered in absorption units. The suggested model can be a very powerful tool that could be of significant importance in the design of amine absorption processes as well as in simulations of the operating variables for optimization of gas sweetening systems.
Pengaruh Perceived Security terhadap Pengadopsian In-App Purchase pada Aplikasi Mobile

In-App Purchase or payment system based on application is one of promising revenue model in mobile application for application developers or marketers. However, in-app purchase is placed in the lowest rate compared to other model. This paper attempts to present the analysis of in-app purchase adoption viewed from the user behavior of mobile application as consumers. This study is conducted by combining the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology approach that was developed (UTAUT2) with involving perceived security aspect. The result shows that the habit of potential users, information security assurance, and hedonic motivations of potential users are the main supporting factors in adopting in-app purchase. Those factors can be admitted as a reference in developing mobile application, in order to make in-app purchase can be accepted and used by potential users of mobile application.
Chemical Characteristics of Submicron Particles in Winter in Xi’an

K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , F - , Cl - , Br - , NO2 - , NO3 - and SO4 2- ) and elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) were determined in the filter samples to characterize the chemical composition of PM1 over Xi’an during winter. The mean PM1 mass concentration was 149.7 μg/m 3 . Water-soluble ions were dominant chemical species and occupied to 46% of PM1 mass. Na + , NH4 + , Ca 2+ , Cl - , SO4 2- and NO3 - were the major species of ionic compounds, which accounted for 95.3％ of total ions concentration. The average OC and EC concentrations were 23.7 ± 10.27 μg/m 3 and 4.6 ± 1.8 μg/m 3 , respectively. Carbonaceous aerosol is another major component of PM1, and total carbonaceous aerosol occupied to 27.5% of PM1 mass. High OC and OC/EC ratio were found in Xi’an in comparison with the past studies in Hong Kong and Taipei. Factor analysis on the eight carbon fractions shows that coal combustion and gasoline automobile exhaust, diesel automobile exhaust, and biomass burning were found to be statistically significant and explained 93% of the carbonaceous aerosols contributions.
Selection of Target Mussel Tissue for Application of Cellular Energy Allocation as a Physiological Biomarker in Native Mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819)

ABSTRACT Three selected mussel tissues (digestive gland, mantle, and gills) were studied to determine which was the most suitable for the potential use of the cellular energy allocation (CEA) methodology in indigenous mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis. In addition, the applicability of CEA in the assessment of natural stress caused by salinity fluctuations in stratified estuary was tested in selected tissues. It was important to identify the mussel gender to reliably assess the changes in organism energy budget. CEA value was calculated as a ratio between available energy (Ea) and energy consumption (Ec). Mantle tissue was under the strongest influence of the differences in protein and lipid content between male and female mussels, and therefore reflected physiological changes in the organism itself, rather than those caused by natural environmental stress. CEA in gills had lower values than in mantle and digestive gland, and was similar at two selected sampling sites, so the changes in CEA caused by natural stress could not be detected in the gill tissue. Greater Ec in mussels from the estuarine site than from the coastal site was detected only in the digestive gland tissue, and can probably be attributed to the energetically costly maintenance of osmotic balance. Last, using digestive gland tissue in CEA analysis demonstrated a clear difference between coastal and estuarine sampling sites, providing the measure of the natural stress posed by variations in salinity.
Structural Study of the Activated Carbon Fiber using Laser Raman Spectroscopy

This study aims to find a correlation between XRD and Raman result of the activated carbon fibers as a function of its activation degrees. La of the isotropic carbon fiber prepared by oxidation in carbon dioxide gas have been observed using laser Raman spectroscopy. The basic structural parameters of the fibers were evaluated by XRD as well, and compared with Raman result. The La of the carbon fibers were measured to be 25.5 from Raman analysis and 23.6 from XRD analysis. La of the ACFs were 23.6 and 20.4 , respectively, representing less ordered through activation process. It seems that the of Raman spectra were related to crystallite size(La). Raman spectroscopy has demonstrated its unique ability to detect structural changes during the activation of the fibers. There was good correlation between the La value obtained from Raman and XRD.
Image Mosaic Algorithm Based on Vertical Distance of Edges

This paper presents a new algorithm of automatic image mosaic, which generate mosaic image by comparing the vertical distance of edges in two neighboring images. This algorithm selects points to be matched by statistical features of the images before the actual matching stage, reducing the amount of computation, saving time for higher accuracy. Based on vertical distance of edges, the matching stage of this algorithm is able to locate the optimal joint, which bears high consistency in two neighboring images. To stitch two images on the optimal joint generates a stitching line that is less noticeable. This feature makes it unnecessary to smooth large area to merge two images, leaving more untouched details in the mosaic image. The algorism also computes the vertical displacement of the two images, so it is able to deal with images shot by unfixed cameras.
Optical feedback on whispering gallery mode laser: wavelength shifts in erbium-doped microspherical laser

Er3+ / Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glass and Er3+ : ZBLALiP fluoride glass microsphere lasers have been studied under pumping by a fiber taper at 1480 nm. Whispering Gallery Mode laser spectra were analyzed for different sphere diameters. Red-shift effect on the wavelengths of both fluorescence and laser spectra is experimentally observed when the pump power is increased, originating from thermal effects. We showed coupling effect between microspherical laser and an external cavity made by a metallic mirror. We observed line shift to lower wavelengths due to optical feedback effect.
Comparison in the two clusters merging scenario between the IEEE 802 . 11 p MAC protocol

IEEE 802.11p is the proposed wireless technology for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) with the purpose of increasing road tra c safety. A VANET is characterized by a constantly changing topology and an unlimited number of nodes, so a medium access control (MAC) algorithm with a good scalability is needed to handle transmissions in these type of networks. If, furthermore, we run safety applications on them, which have strict delay requirements, the MAC algorithm needs to achieve predictable delays as well. The MAC method of IEEE 802.11p is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) scheme, which scales badly in terms of providing timely channel access for a high number of participating nodes. Because of that, another MAC method has been proposed: Self-organizing Time Division Multiple Access (STDMA) with which all nodes achieve timely channel access regardless of the number of participating nodes. In this work, several performance indicators for both MAC methods are evaluated and compared. These indicators show the behaviour of both MAC algorithms in terms of delay and scalability in a concrete scenario, which is a very common scenario that takes place in highways: two clusters of vehicles moving in opposite directions. In addition, some proposals for future work on this scenario are made, so the exibility that STDMA o ers can be exploited. COMPARISON IN THE TWO CLUSTERS MERGING SCENARIO BETWEEN THE IEEE 802.11p MAC PROTOCOL AND STDMA v
BPM maturity and performance: The influence of knowledge on BPM

In order to continuously improve performance, organizations need to control their processes. To do this it is assumed that organizations need a high level of business process management maturity and employees need a high level of knowledge and experience in BPM. Proof of this assumption has not been found in the literature. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine what the influence is, of knowledge and experience of BPM, on the dependence between BPM maturity and process performance. For this study a dataset of 469 respondents from Dutch organizations was collected over the period of 2010 till 2015. Analyses of the data shows that the scores of BPM Maturity and Process performance by respondents with extensive BPM knowledge and experience are significantly higher than by respondents with limited BPM knowledge and experience. However further analyses show that BPM knowledge and experience has no influence on the strength of the relation between BPM Maturity and Process Performance. Therefore, we can conclude that BPM knowledge has no intervening effect on the relationship between BPM Maturity and Process performance. Additionally, we found that the following dimensions of BPM maturity: Process Resources, Process Tools, Process Awareness, Process Improvement and Process Measurement are the main predictors of Process performance.
High rates of ammonium recycling drive phytoplankton productivity in the offshore Mississippi River plume

As part of an integrated study of the regulation of carbon fixation in the offshore Mississippi River plume, we measured the rates of 15 N-labeled ammonium and nitrate uptake in the surface plume waters from offshore to nearshore along the plume axis towards the Mississippi Delta. Concentrations of nitrate in the plume ranged from 0.19 to 2.5 µM with the highest concentrations primarily in the shoreward stations, while ammonium ranged from 0.17 to 0.44 µM, showing little spatial variability. Rates of ammonium uptake ranged from 16.5 to 260 nM h -1 , and showed a strong trend of increasing values from offshore towards the Mississippi Delta. In contrast, nitrate uptake rates ranged from 3.2 to 25 nM h -1 . The high rates of ammonium uptake in the presence of low ammo- nium concentrations and elevated nitrate was made possible by elevated rates of ammonium re- generation that exceeded ammonium uptake by 1.7 to 5.7-fold in the plume. The plume exhibited relatively low f-ratios and also contained elevated levels of Synechococcus as determined by flow cytometry and high levels of form IA (α -cyanobacterial) rbcL transcripts. These data suggest that a major portion of the carbon fixation observed in the offshore Mississippi River plume represents recycled production supported by high rates of ammonium regeneration.
The Performance of Clusters - an Analysis of the Impact of Cluster Context, Structure, and Functioning on Cluster Performance

This study examines how different contextual, structural, and functioning characteristics of clusters influence cluster performance. Hereto, we develop a conceptual framework that identifies potential influencing factors, validate it statistically and estimate the impact of the variables on cluster performance using PLS structural equation modelling. Our results show that important determinants of cluster performance are, among others, long-term planning security and procedural trust between the cooperating firms (contextual conditions), formalized rules and sustainable structures (structural elements) and clear goals and tasks (functioning characteristics). However, the results also reveal that determinants assessed as important by the literature like proximity, cooperation experience but also monetary incentives for the cluster management do not seem to have a positive impact on performance. Our results do not only modify general assumptions in cluster research concerning drivers of cluster performance, but also help firms and policymakers to conceptualize successful clusters.
Scattering for quasilinear hyperbolic equations of Kirchhoff type with perturbation

This paper is concerned with the abstract quasilinear hyperbolic equations of Kirchhoff type with perturbation. We show the existence of the wave operators and the scattering operator for small data, and that these operators are homeomorphic with respect to a suitable metric in a neighborhood of the origin. Introduction Let H be a separable complex Hilbert space H with the inner product (·, ·)H and the norm ‖ · ‖. Let A be a non-negative injective self-adjoint operator with domain D(A), and let m be a function satisfying m ∈ C2([0,∞); [m0,∞)), with a positive constant m0. Let b(t) be a C1 function on R. We consider the initial value problem of the abstract quasilinear hyperbolic equations of Kirchhoff type with perturbation u′′(t) + b(t)u′(t) + m(‖A1/2u(t)‖2)2Au(t) = 0, (0.1) u(0) = φ0, u′(0) = ψ0. (0.2) The asymptotic behavior of the solution of the equation above depends on the integrability of b with respect to t. If b(t) = (1 + t)−p with 0 ≤ p ≤ 1, it is known that the global solution of (0.1)-(0.2) exists uniquely and behaves like solutions of a corresponding parabolic equation, for small initial data (φ0, ψ0) ∈ D(A) × D(A1/2) (see Yamazaki [14] for 0 ≤ p < 1 and Ghisi and Gobbino [7] for p = 1, and see Ghisi [6] for a mildly degenerate case m(λ) = λ with γ ≥ 1 and 0 ≤ p ≤ 1). There are no result about the global solvability for large initial data in Sobolev spaces, even for the constant dissipation term. On the other hand, if b satisfies the assumptions lim t→±∞ b(t) = 0, (0.3) 〈t〉ptb′(t) ∈ L1(R), (0.4) where p ≥ 0 is a constant and 〈t〉 := (1+ |t|2)1/2, the author [15] showed the global existence of a solution for small data in some class and showed the following (see Theorems B and C): 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 35L72; Secondary 35L90.