Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal Comfort Studies in Naturally Ventilated Buildings in Jakarta, Indonesia

Many thermal comfort studies have been conducted in offices, classrooms and dwellings, but few in public buildings such as cathedrals, museums and markets. A recent thermal comfort study has been conducted in three naturally ventilated (NV) buildings, a cathedral, a museum and a market, in Jakarta, between March and April 2014. There is a curiosity as to whether people doing slightly different activities with slightly different clothing insulation values, in different building types, might have different comfort temperatures. Approximately the same number of subjects (respondents) participated in the study of each building. Using the same monitoring equipment, results of this study show that subjects' comfort temperatures were found to be similar in all of the buildings; however, it was found that the spread of the subjects' comfort range in the three buildings was significantly different.
High-resolution digital x-ray imaging with solid state linear detectors

Solid state x-ray detectors produce high resolution medical images when scanning the patient with a narrow x-ray beam. The x-ray detection is achieved by a silicon photodiode array coated by a scintillating material. Signal is multiplexed and converted into a 12-bit coded digital signal. This technology provides several key advantages for imaging systems: very wide image dynamic range, high resolution, good linearity, no geometrical distortion. The output signal is digital and can be directly acquired by digital processing systems. Major performance in medical imaging applications is given. They fit the requirements of medical systems in several applications fields. The application in panoramic dental x-ray imaging is briefly described.
Robust Adaptive Beamforming Applied to Planar Array

Capon beamforming has better resolution and interference rejection capability. However, its performance will seriously degrade due to noise, array steering vector error, and other factors. In this paper, a robust Capon beamforming applied to a planar array is described. It is shown that the proposed method is the natural extension of the original Vector Optimization Robust Beamforming algorithm to the case of a planar array, and can be reformulated as a convex second-order cone program and solved by SEDUMI. Computer simulation has shown that the proposed method has better performance than other conventional methods, such as narrower main lobe and lower side lobe.
IDENTIFY OFFENSIVE TWEET LANGUAGE BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING (IOTLML)

: Social media has become a part of our lives. This platform is used by billions of users as a communication device and as a data source in real-time and it has become huge in people's popularity. Online Social Networking (OSN) such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram are the most effective venues for free expressions of people of all ages. With all of the easy-to-use and benefits technology that have emerged, there have also been negative consequences. Cybercriminals make use of this information and utilize social media to perform various types of cybercrimes, such as cyberbullying. It's a global issue that's just getting worse. If a text has racist slurs, assaults or condemns any religious or community position, or stimulates criminal activity, it is considered threatening or abusive. As manual filters take some time and can lead to human annotators suffering from post-traumatic stress disorders, a lot of research has been done to automate the process. The work is frequently modeled on a supervised classification issue in which algorithms are trained on posts that are noticed in relation to offensive or abuse content. In the proposed work, The main focus was on examining the effects of private regulation on hate speech on social media by using a variety of algorithms to achieve this goal, including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Ada boost. The three different algorithms on two datasets (Twitter) are applied to detect hate speech and compare their accuracy. The proposed system for Identify Offensive Tweet Language based on Machine Learning (IOTLML) using two datasets. The best accuracy value overall classification algorithms were obtained with new dataset and Term Frequency– Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) feature extraction methods, the best accuracy value of the SVM classifier =0.9648354398698535, the best accuracy value of the RF classifier =0.9598298085346014, the best accuracy value of the AdaBoost classifier =0.947691152546615.
Fine pitch package mounting with TAB tape

The authors describe the basic concepts, development, assembly, and qualification testing of a ceramic leaded package for high-pin-count VLSI (>200 I/Os). The design has been aimed at achieving high-speed logic, testability, and reliability for a small pitch (<25 mil) package. To improve the electrical performance, ground and voltage distributions are separated from the logic circuitry connected by the surface mounting process. At the design level, thermal exchange and mechanical strength of the package were simulated using ANSYS thermomechanical software. Testability and availability of connections for burn-in before mounting are provided by the use of 50-mil-pitch test pads interconnected to the leads. The preferred solution for external connection and test pads is provided by the use of a TAB (tab automated bonding) lead frame bonded to the ceramic package. After burn-in and test, outer test pads are separated and the package is surface mounted. The TAB lead frame provides an optimized solution. Mounting to the printed circuit board is achieved using a thermode tool or laser soldering. Qualification results and mountability tests are satisfactory. <<ETX>>
Planning for Electricity Access

This brief examines planning for access to electricity. That electricity for all campaigns around the globe often fall short of their targets is partly a failure of planning. In the area of generation and transmission, technical changes could improve the handling of key constraints, such as fuel availability, funding, and the rate of building. Planning for distribution networks could be improved by gathering data on end-use demand and deploying geospatial tools. Most important of all, the entire planning process from generation to distribution must be better coordinated if access plans are to be successful.
Operations dashboard: comparative study

In this present days and age, there are increasing needs for companies to monitor application and infrastructure health. Apart from having proactive measures to secure their application and infrastructure, many see monitoring dashboards as crucial investment in disaster preparedness. As companies struggle to find the best solution to cater for their needs and interest for monitoring their application and infrastructure's health, this paper summarizes the studies made on several known off-the-shelf operations dashboard and in-house developed dashboard. A few criteria of good dashboard are collected from previous studies carried out by several researchers and rank them according to importance and business needs. The finalized criteria that will be discussed in later sections are data visualization, performance indicator, dashboard personalization, audit capability and alert/ notification. Comparative studies between several popular dashboards were then carried out to determine whether they met these criteria that we derived from the first exercise. The findings hopefully can be used to educate and provide an overview of selecting the best IT application and infrastructure operations dashboard that suit business needs, thus become the main contribution of this paper.
Study on automatic control system of a semi-tracked air-cushion vehicle

This paper introduces the unique structure of a semi-tracked air-cushion vehicle. A theoretical model for total required power of the vehicle is deduced. The optimum state of minimum power consumption is obtained under a certain soil condition. A control scheme using the self-tuning PID fuzzy logic controller is proposed. Simulation results show that the vehicle can drive steadily on the optimum state by the control system.
Path loss model for in-body communication in homogeneous human muscle tissue

Proposed is the first in-body path loss model in homogeneous human muscle tissue at 2.4 GHz for implants in the human body. This model is valid for insulated dipole antennas up to a distance of 8 cm. Excellent agreement is obtained between measurements, simulations and the models. The path loss model can be used to design an in-body communication system.
Tunnel Technique for Anterior Interdental Papillary Reconstruction with Amniotic Membrane and PRF Membrane: A case report

Aesthetics play a crucial role in enhancing the outlook and self-assurance of a person.Loss of interdental papilla which occurs in the anterior maxillary region, usually known as the “black triangle” is one of the demanding missions to take in hand as it requires precise and meticulous handling of tissues in the interdental area thereby posing a great challenge inperiodontal plastic surgical procedures. Various non-surgical and surgical techniques have been recommended with varied success rates for its management. The present case report presents a tunnel technique for interdental papillary reconstruction procedure using platelet-rich fibrin and amniotic membrane.
Aerosol characterization in real life and a methodology for human exposure studies in controlled chamber settings

Airborne particles are everywhere around us, and have always been. Particles generated by human activities has increased drastically since industrialization, and several epidemiological studies have shown that inhaled particles can cause adverse health effects. The concern about health effects have during the last decade shifted towards fine and ultrafine particles, not least due to the emerging field of nanotechnology. Of special interest are the particles to which we are exposed indoors – in the industrialized part of the world we spend around 90% of our time indoors (at home and at workplaces/schools). Particles generated in these environments often cause intense peaks in concentration, and are often consequences of our own activities. Especially combustion/thermal processes (such as welding, frying, burning candles etc.) cause peaks in number concentration, often more than an order of magnitude higher than ambient concentrations. We have conducted time-resolved particle measurements in several homes which confirm this. From these measurements, we have been able to show just how much occupants' activities affect the indoor concentration of ultrafine particles compared to outdoor concentrations. We have also estimated e.g. total integrated daily exposure. Exposure and emission measurements have also been conducted at a carbon nanotube producing facility, and a method for counting particles containing carbon nanotubes has been suggested and validated. Why certain particles are more dangerous than others is often investigated in animal exposure studies, where exposure levels are unrealistically high. For several reasons, the results of such studies are not simple to translate to the human system. To increase our understanding of which particle properties can cause effects in humans, a methodology for conducting human exposure studies have been developed and validated. In a controlled chamber we have exposed human test subjects to normal concentrations of common particle types; candle smoke, particles from terpene–ozone reactions and welding fume. Together with medical expertise, we have been looking for effects of these exposures. By using non-invasive tests (e.g. urine and blood samples and ECG) biochemical markers of exposure, and changes in heart rate variability (HRV) have been studied. A significant increase in the high frequency domain of the HRV during exopsure for candle smoke was found.
‘One environmental system’: aligning the laws on the environmental management of mining in South Africa

The South African Parliament recently enacted laws that give effect to ‘one environmental system’ for the environmental management of mining. The single environmental system will replace the fragmented, contradictory and ineffective model constituted by rules and institutional arrangements that developed in separate mineral development and environmental laws. The single environmental system, framed by the overarching concept of cooperative government in the South African Constitution, shifts the statutory authority for environmental management of mining to the environmental laws, but gives effect to a unique splitting of implementing authority between the authorities responsible for mineral resources and environment respectively. Concerns however remain over whether the new system adequately honors the constitutional environmental right and respects the original legislative and executive authority of the provincial sphere of government.
Optimal power flow with multi-type of FACTS devices by hybrid TS/SA approach

In this paper, a hybrid tabu search and simulated annealing (TS/SA) approach is proposed to minimize the generator fuel cost in optimal power flow (OPF) control with multi-type of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices. The problem is decomposed into the optimal setting of FACTS parameters subproblem that is searched by the hybrid TS/SA approach and the OPF with fixed FACTS parameters subproblem that is solved by the quadratic programming (QP). Four types of FACTS devices are used: thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), thyristor-controlled phase shifter (TCPS), unified power flow controller (UPFC), and static VAr compensator (SVC). Test results on the modified IEEE 30 bus system with multi-type of FACTS devices indicate that the proposed hybrid TS/SA approach can obtain better solutions and require less CPU times than genetic algorithm, SA, or TS alone. Using multi-type of FACTS devices results in less total generator fuel cost than using individual FACTS device.
Modeling the electric power consumption in a multi‐area system

In this article a model of the electric power consumption in a multi-area power system is derived. The model is based on stochastic differential equations to mimic the stochastic behavior of electric power consumption in large systems. The developed model considers correlations between the consumptions in the different areas. A numerical example showing how to find the parameters of the process will be given. The load data used in the numerical example is hourly energy consumption data for the Nordic countries: Sweden, Norway, and Finland.
Systematic selection of analogue redesign method for forward-type digital power converters

This article proposes a systematic approach to determine the most suitable analogue redesign method to be used for forward-type converters under digital voltage mode control. The focus of the method is to achieve the highest phase margin at the particular switching and crossover frequencies chosen by the designer. It is shown that at high crossover frequencies with respect to switching frequency, controllers designed using backward integration have the largest phase margin; whereas at low crossover frequencies with respect to switching frequency, controllers designed using bilinear integration with pre-warping have the largest phase margins. An algorithm has been developed to determine the frequency of the crossing point where the recommended discretisation method changes. An accurate model of the power stage is used for simulation and experimental results from a Buck converter are collected. The performance of the digital controllers is compared to that of the equivalent analogue controller both in simulation and experiment. Excellent closeness between the simulation and experimental results is presented. This work provides a concrete example to allow academics and engineers to systematically choose a discretisation method.
Only children or children with siblings: who has greater physical activity and healthier weight?

Background: The influence of parents on the physical activity (PA) and body weight of their children is confirmed by scientific studies. However, it is not known whether only children or those with siblings have a higher level of PA and healthier body weight. One aim of this study is to assess whether there are any differences in the achievement of the daily step count (SC) recommendation and in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between only children and children from families with multiple children. Another aim is to investigate whether the achievement of the daily SC recommendation by children/parents and parental overweight/obesity are associated with childhood obesity. Methods: The analysis included 566 families (10.6% with a single child, 89.4% with two or more children) with complete data of family members for weight status and ambulatory PA monitored with a Yamax pedometer during the spring and autumn in 2013-2019. The cut-point values of the daily SC recommendation amounted to ≥13,000/≥11,000 steps per day for 5-12-year-old sons/daughters and ≥10,000 steps per day for 12-16-year-old adolescents and adults. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare the achievement of the daily SC recommendation and the prevalence of overweight and obesity between only children and those with siblings. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to investigate whether the achievement of the daily SC recommendation by children/parents and parental overweight/obesity were associated with obesity in their offspring. Results: A significantly higher proportion of children with siblings (p<0.01) achieved the recommended daily SC (51.8% vs. 31.7%) and showed a lower prevalence of overweight (16.2% vs. 20.0%) and obesity (7.1% vs. 20.0%) compared with only children. The achievement of the daily SC recommendation in children significantly (p<0.05) reduced the odds (OR) of obesity (OR=0.22-0.34). The children with siblings had lower odds (OR=0.41-0.54) of obesity than the only children. The overweight/obesity of mothers significantly increased (p<0.05) the odds of obesity (OR=2.07) in their children. Conclusion: Children with siblings achieve the daily SC recommendation more often at weekends and on average for the whole week and have a lower incidence of overweight and obesity than children from single-child families.
Multidisciplinary engineering programs at UnicenP

This paper describes UnicenP's First Engineering Games. These games, which took place in October of 1999, consisted of three tasks designed by engineering faculty which involved all courses taught in first year. Teams were made up of students from all four engineering programs currently offered by the institution. The games occurred over a period of three days and proved a successful effort at introducing multidisciplinary events into the engineering curricula.
Determinants of grain shippers’ and importers’ freight transport choice behaviour

To understand grain shippers’ and importers’ freight transport choice behaviour, this research employed a questionnaire survey and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique to ascertain the level of importance they attached to service criteria. A hierarchical structure of 3 service dimensions and 12 service attributes was built. ‘Overall cost’ was found to be the most important service dimension influencing freight transport choice behaviour. The four most important service attributes were all in the overall cost service dimension, namely: grain market value, inventory holding cost, transport cost and the in-transit inventory cost. In the cargo and quality control dimension, cargo damage ratio was perceived to be the most important attribute. Grain shippers’ and importers’ overall satisfaction with bulk carriers’ service was slightly higher than their overall satisfaction with container carriers’ service. Understanding the level of importance grain shippers and carriers attach to service attributes and dimensions can assist container importers in improving their performance, increase shippers’ and importers’ patronage and improve containers’ flow imbalance across the Pacific Ocean.
Robust design and tolerancing of compressor blades

Variations in the geometry of compressor blades can be introduced by variability in the manufacturing process or by in-service erosion. Recent research efforts have focused on characterizing the impacts of this geometric variability on turbomachinery performance and designing blade geometries whose performance is robust to this variability. Relatively little work has been done to specify the appropriate level of variability by designing the manufacturing tolerances. This thesis presents new approaches for optimizing tolerances that can be applied to compliment existing geometry optimization techniques. Building upon previous research, a Gaussian random field model of manufacturing variability is developed and used to estimate the statistical performance impacts of geometric variability on compressor blade performance. Flow mechanisms that deteriorate the mean performance in the presence of geometric variability are analyzed for design and off-design conditions. A probabilistic, gradient-based optimization framework is presented and applied to optimize the tolerances of compressor blades, as well as to optimize the tolerances and blade geometry simultaneously. The effectiveness of simultaneous optimization of the geometry and manufacturing tolerances is compared to a sequential procedure where the nominal blade geometry is optimized first, followed by the tolerances. Single-point optimization, where the performance at a single flow incidence is optimized, is found to produce geometries that are not robust to manufacturing variations. Adopting a multi-point design strategy results in blades that are robust to both variations in the geometry and incidence, allowing a sequential design strategy to be used. Thesis Supervisor: Qiqi Wang Title: Assistant Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics Committee Member: David Darmofal Title: Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Examining the manifestations and ramifications of the patriarchal ideology in female-led schools in the North West province of South Africa

The study sought to explore the manifestations and effects of patriarchy in female-led secondary schools in South Africa. The thesis advanced was that despite government initiatives towards gender parity in the employment social structure, the prevalence of patriarchal tendencies continues unabated. Located in the pragmatic paradigm and adopting a convergent parallel mixed method as the specific strategy of inquiry, the study used a sample size of 20 respondents, purposefully and systematically sampled from secondary schools in the North West province. The data were collected through structured and unstructured questionnaires with the analysis following thematic and descriptive approaches. The major findings included that gender roles are so deeply ingrained in society that they have become part and parcel of the cultural traditions in which they engender patriarchy. The conclusion arrived at was that social structures such as schools, religious, political and economic organisations are the villains in advancing the patriarchal hegemonic ideology. The recommendations made included the need for the South African government to step up efforts to address gender disparities, whose ramifications continue to haunt women especially in leadership positions where men believe they are “naturally the ideal candidates”.
2‐GHz quasi‐balanced‐mode GaAs FET amplifier

In this paper, a Quasi‐Balanced mode GaAs FET amplifier is proposed, where a varactor diode is connected in parallel with the gate source of a GaAs FET, forcing it to operate in a quasi‐balanced mode in order to compensate its input nonlinear gate‐source capacitance. A 30‐dB reduction for the first side‐lobe was obtained at 1‐dB g.c. p. by using optimal 2nd‐harmonic terminations and a varactor diode. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 46: 573–577, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21055