Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“I just kept quiet”: Exploring Equity in a Service-Learning Programme

Social justice underpins the sustainable development goal of health for all. In developing countries, social injustices are particularly severe and widespread, demanding critical and immediate attention. This article describes a qualitative, descriptive study that investigated pharmacy students’ responses to incidents of social injustice following their service-learning experiences in public-sector primary healthcare facilities in Cape Town, South Africa. Data were gathered from written reflection reports and then thematically analyzed using the pedagogy of discomfort as an interpretive framework. Themes were categorised according to students’ habitual responses to incidents of social injustice, how they interpreted their responses, and how they could promote social justice in the workplace as future healthcare professionals. Findings demonstrated students’ inability to take action and revealed that silence was the most common response to incidents of discrimination. These results highlight the ways in which the structural constraints of the societal status quo can perpetuate inequity. Study limitations include bias from students self-reports and their narrow understanding of structural barriers in the work-place. Intergenerational dialogue and advocacy is crucial across South African higher education to understand widespread social injustices. Embedding a critical approach to service-learning in the African context needs exploration.
Reference and Research Services in Special Libraries: Navigating the Evolving Riches of Information

Column Editor’s Note. Though special libraries share concerns with their more general academic, public, and school counterparts, they also have unique characteristics which merit separate consideration. Libraries of all types are evolving, and just as special libraries can learn from the general literature on libraries, practitioners in general libraries can learn from the experiences and methods of special libraries. “The Specialist,” appearing in evennumbered issues of this journal, addresses the administrative concerns of special libraries. The column welcomes contributions from practitioners and scholars. Interested authors are invited to contact the editor at tmurray@stamps.org for submission guidelines.
Some practical issues in the design and analysis of computer experiments

Deterministic computer simulations of physical experiments are now common techniques in science and engineering. Often, physical experiments are too time consuming, expensive or impossible to conduct. Complex computer models or codes, rather than physical experiments lead to the study of computer experiments, which are used to investigate many scientific phenomena of this nature. A computer experiment consists of a number of runs of the computer code with different input choices. The Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments is a rapidly growing technique in statistical experimental design. This thesis investigates some practical issues in the design and analysis of computer experiments and attempts to answer some of the questions faced by experimenters using computer experiments. In particular, the question of the number of computer experiments and how they should be augmented is studied and attention is given to when the response is a function over time.
Infall Signatures in Spectral Line Profiles of Protostellar Envelopes

A double-peaked profile with a stronger blue peak in a molecular line spectrum is considered strong evidence for the infall motion in the gas envelope surrounding a protostar. Some past studies performed model calculations for reproducing observed spectral profiles using simplified dynamical models such as isothermal similarity solutions. However, validity of the similarity solutions for spectral line synthesis should be examined in comparison with more realistic dynamical models. In this paper we carry out theoretical modeling of molecular line spectra, adopting a spherically symmetric radiation hydrodynamical model for protostar formation taken from a recent work by the authors. This study concentrates on how infall motions could account for the asymmetric line profiles observed toward protostellar sources. We do not explicitly consider the effects of rotation and outflows on the generation of line profiles. In our numerical code for the non-LTE line transfer, the level populations are fully consistent with the radiation field under an arbitrary physical structure in spherical symmetry, and hence, reliable spectral synthesis has been enabled and compared to the LTE, large velocity gradient (or Sobolev), and microturbulence approximations. Contrary to the remarks by Zhou, we do not find an overestimation of line widths, although the dynamical evolution resembles the Larson-Penston solution rather than the expansion-wave solution. Furthermore, the infall motion produces wings extending to v = ±2 km s-1 in line spectra, in contrast to previous works where wings could not be produced by infall models. These results imply that simplified infall models, such as the isothermal similarity solutions adopted by previous authors, are not always suitable to the detailed modeling of line spectra.
EMG Decomposition and Artefact Removal

Traditionally, in clinical electromyography (EMG), neurophysiologists assess the state of the muscle by studying basic units of an EMG signal, which are referred to as motor unit action potentials (MUAPs). Information regarding themorphology and rate of occurrence ofMUAPs is often used for diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders. In addition, recent studies have shown that the analysis of the energy content of MUAPs is a possible way for discriminating among normal, neurogenic, and myopathic MUAPs [38], illustrating, thus, the clinical value of the interpretation of MUAP information.
Static and Dynamic Behavior at Low-Frequency Range of Floating Slab Track Discretely Supported by Rubber Mounts in Real-Scale Laboratory Test

Recently, with increasing social interests on noise and vibration induced by railway traffic, the application of floating slab track that can efficiently reduce the railway vibration is increasing. In this study, to more accurately understand the dynamic behavior of the floating slab track, a laboratory mock-up test has been performed, and the static and dynamic behaviors at frequency range near the system resonance frequency were explored. Based on the test results, the design of the floating slab track and the structural analysis model used in the design have been verified. The analytic and test results demonstrate that the dominant frequency of the floating slab track occurs at the frequencies between vertical rigid body mode natural frequency and bending mode natural frequency, and the dominant deformation mode is close to the bending mode. This suggests that in the design of the floating slab track, the bending rigidity of the slab and the boundary conditions at slab joints and slab ends should be taken into consideration. Also, the analytic results by the two-dimensional finite element analysis model using Kelvin-Voigt model, such as static and dynamic deflections and force transmissibility, are found in good agreement with the test results, and thus the model used in this study has shown the reliability suitable to be utilized in the design of the floating slab track.
Seasonal and spatial variations in the nutrient limitation of bacterioplankton growth in the northwestern Mediterranean

Nutrient limitation of bacterioplankton growth was studied in the western Mediter- ranean Sea to determine its spatial and temporal variations. Shipboard microcosm experiments were performed in June 1995, June 1996 and September 1996. Seawater was amended with carbon (C, as glucose), nitrate (N) and phosphate (P), individually or in combination. The limiting nutrient was inferred from the combination that stimulated the highest bacterial production and generated the highest bacterial biomass in the experiments. The results of the experiments carried out along a coastal-to-open sea transect, with both surface and deep chlorophyll maximum depth waters (DCM), suggest that there is a strong variability in the factors limiting bacteria. While phosphorus was most often the limiting nutrient in the surface samples, at the DCM depths nitrogen or carbon limitation was also found. The surface waters of the open sea station were also studied during the 3 cruises to provide an estimate of seasonal variation of bacterial limitation. Phosphorus limitation was found in the 3 periods: very clear phosphorus limitation in September 1996, possible phosphorus limitation in June 1995 and possible co-limitation with carbon in June 1996. Our results show that phosphorus is the main nutrient limiting bacterioplankton growth in the NW Mediterranean. However, while phos- phorus was usually the limiting nutrient in the surface layers, nitrogen and carbon limitation also occurred at other depths. Thus, seasonal and spatial variability in the nutrient limiting bacterial growth should be expected.
THE IMPACT OF AGRICULURAL FOREIGN AID ON AGRICULTURE IN NIGERIA

Verter, N. , 2017. The impact of agriculural foreign aid on agriculture in Nigeria. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 23 (5): 689–697 There is a continued debate over the implication of foreign aid to the receiving countries. The proaid, argue that the assistance complement the limited domestic funds for growth and development in underdeveloped countries, while the antiaid opine that such external resource fl ow impedes growth as the resources are mostly diverted to other things, notably individual personal use. Against this backdrop, this contribution assesses the effect of foreign aid on agriculture in Nigeria. Using OLS regression, Granger causality and VDA approaches, the OLS results signify that foreign assistance to agricultural related activities has a positive effect on crop performance in the country. Similarly, the Granger causality shows a unidirectional causality running from foreign aid to crop production in Nigeria. In the spirit of global partnership for development, donors should continue to provide aid to Nigeria to stimulate domestic producers to expand their farms for maximum production. The infl ows of foreign assistance in agriculture should be promoted by the world organizations and the donors. Finally, the Nigerian government and donors should ensure that foreign aid is effectively and effi ciently utilized for agricultural related activities to boost crop production in the country.
Comparison of shear bond strength of the stainless steel metallic brackets bonded by three bonding systems

Introduction: In orthodontic treatment, it is essential to establish a satisfactory bond between enamel and bracket. After the self-etch primers (SEPs) were introduced for the facilitation of bracket bonding in comparison to the conventional etch-and-bond system, multiple studies have been carried out on their shear bond strengths which have yielded different results. This study was aimed at comparing shear bond strengths of the stainless steel metallic brackets bonded by three bonding systems. Methods: In this experimental in vitro study, 60 extracted human maxillary premolar teeth were randomly divided into three equal groups: in the first group, Transbond XT (TBXT) light cured composite was bonded with Transbond plus self-etching primer (TPSEP); in the second group, TBXT composite was bonded with the conventional method of acid etching; and in the third group, the self cured composite Unite TM bonding adhesive was bonded with the conventional method of acid etching. In all the groups, Standard edgewise-022 metallic brackets (American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, USA) were used. Twenty-four hours after the completion of thermocycling, shear bond strength of brackets was measured by Universal Testing Machine (Zwick). In order to compare the shear bond strengths of the groups, the variance analysis test (ANOVA) was adopted and p≤0.05 was considered as a significant level. Results: Based on megapascal, the average shear bond strength for the first, second, and third groups was 8.27±1.9, 9.78±2, and 8.92±2.5, respectively. There was no significant difference in the shear bond strength of the groups. Conclusions: Since TPSEP shear bond strength is approximately at the level of the conventional method of acid etching and within the desirable range for orthodontic brackets shear bond strength, applying TPSEP can serve as a substitute for the conventional method of etch and bond, particularly in orthodontic operations.
Traffic modeling of a hierarchical cellular system in the presence of heterogeneous calls

A hierarchical cellular system that supports two classes of mobility for users generating low and high speed calls is considered. An analytical model for a non-prioritized scheme without macrocell to microcell handoffs is presented. Numerical performance determined through the definition of a multidimensional Markov chain in the case of cut-off priority, show blocking and forced termination probability for each type of call. These results are reported for cases where the state explosion problem remains manageable. A more general study taking into account macrocell to microcell handoffs is conducted by simulation.
Extraction of Geospatial Information from Documents

Geographical or spatial information is now included in most of exchanged data. Sometimes, it is directly provided through metadata, but it is very often hidden and it becomes crucial to automatically discover it. Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Data Mining communities have thus merged their eﬀorts in order to extract geospatial information from textual documents, web pages, ﬁeld data, and so forth. In this way, recent researches take into account the content of documents (e.g. terms) to identify geospatial data or to predict its geographic location.
Detection of Direct Causal Efiects among Parts of the Brain of Epileptic Patients

An extension of transfer entropy, called partial transfer entropy, is proposed here to detect causal effects among observed interacting systems, and particularly distinguish among direct and indirect causal effects. The measure is presented for time series from three interacting systems, but can be extended for more time series. Partial transfer entropy is evaluated on simulated and real data and is compared with partial directed coherence, a linear causality measure defined in the frequency domain. The simulation study showed that both measures can identify linear and nonlinear causal effects for the correct parameters. Both measures are then tested on electroencephalograms of epileptic patients for the detection of the direction of the interaction among brain areas during the preictal, ictal and postictal states.
Licensing Exchange - Insights from the Biopharmaceutical Industry

Licensing out technologies is a main source of revenue for dedicated technology firms. While licensing exchange has received very little attention in prior marketing literature, it is economically important and poses particular challenges. One major obstacle for obtaining new licensing deals is the information asymmetry between licensors and licensees. The main premise of this study is that the variation among dedicated technology firms of the number of new licensing deals that they obtain can be explained by their voluntary disclosure of strategic information and their position in the industry's licensing and social networks. An empirical study of the biopharmaceutical industry shows that, while voluntarily disclosing strategic information enables dedicated biotechnology firms to sign more new licensing deals, firms should be careful not to disclose too much information. As to network structure, dedicated biotechnology firms with more central positions in the licensing exchange network obtain more new licensing deals, but again, the effect has an inverted-U shape, indicating a dark side of network centrality. Finally, the study provides evidence that licensing exchange is socially embedded. A central position in the social network of board interlocks leads to more new licensing deals. Dedicated technology firms can use these insights to address practical questions, such as how much strategic information they should reveal, as well as to set long-term directions regarding network position.
DESIGN OF GROUTS FOR STRENGTHENING THREE OR TWO LEAF MASONRY WITH MUD MORTARS

This paper presents the experimental procedure that has been followed, with main goal to develop various grout compositions adequate for strengthening stone masonry constructed with poor quality mortars. Two or three-leaf masonry frequently met in historic masonry structures is very vulnerable to environmental and seismic actions, especially when made with mud (very low strength) mortar. Although significant research effort is devoted to the development of grouts adequate for strengthening masonries made with lime or limepozzolan mortar, the respective studies on masonries made with mud mortar are scarce and inconclusive. Within the present work, a comprehensive investigation on mud mortars was conducted on samples that have been selected and sampled from three different buildings and sites, in order to identify their physicochemical and mineralogical properties, as well as their grain size distribution. Based on the studied samples of the aforementioned historical buildings with mud mortars, six wallettes were constructed, in order to study the mechanical properties of the two and three stone masonry before and after grouting. After the construction, nondestructive techniques (radar and boroscopy) were applied for the calibration of the methods and the comparison of the results before and after grouting, with main goal to develop various grout compositions according to the parameters which determine the efficiency of the intervention. Based on the characterization results, various grout mixes will be produced and will be examined in terms of compatibility between the mortar and the grout, as well as 4277 Available online at www.eccomasproceedia. org Eccomas Proceedia COMPDYN (2017) 4277-4287 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Eccomas Proceedia. Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of COMPDYN 2017. doi: 10.7712/120117.5723. 18421 Nikolopoulou V. , Adami C. -E. , Vintzileou E. , Palieraki V. injectability, fluidity, stability and penetrability. This research will lead to a number of suitable mixes that satisfy the performance criteria set for their design. The suitability of those mixes will then be checked by injecting them to the constructed wallettes.
Some Lessons for Promoting RFID by Applying TAM Theory

We live in an era in which businesses collaborate with supply chain partners located in different parts of the world. To achieve competitive advantage companies are adopting new technologies in every operation, such as production, logistics and distribution. Radio frequency identification (RFID) is an important technology available to modern businesses to streamline their operations (Roberts, 2006). This new technology provides business solutions for business-to-business supply chain partners (Curtin et al., 2007; Sweeney, 2005). Although the literature is abound with a list of several advantages of RFID, this technology has not penetrated enough in the logistics sector in the UK (Ramanathan et al., 2012). Hence, the main purpose of this study is to explore factors affecting logistics service providers’ intention to use RFID technology. The basic tenets of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) have been used as the theoretical underpinning for this purpose. Specifically, this study has explored how the underlying concepts of TAM, namely perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived privacy issues and perceived security issues, are related to the intention by UK logistics companies to adopt RFID. In addition, this study has explored the roles of internal support environment in affecting this relationship. To the knowledge of the authors, very few studies have explored the use of TAM for the case of UK logistics, and there are no studies that extended TAM to include the influences of internal support environment, with the exception of Ramanathan et al. (2013) who explored the role of external (government) support. Finally, this study uses a relatively less used tool in operations management literature, namely the partial least squares structural equation modelling, for our analysis. These are the three contributions of our study. Rest of this chapter is organised as follows. The next section provides a brief literature survey. Since much of RFID literature has been reviewed by Ramanathan et al. (2014b), RFID literature is not discussed in detail here but TAM studies are focussed. Section 3 develops the conceptual framework and the hypotheses. Data collection and analysis are briefly discussed in Section 4. Results are discussed in detail in Section 5. Conclusions are presented in the last section.
Local Air Pollution Versus Short-range Transported Dust Episodes: A Comparative Study for Submicron Particle Number Concentration

We measured the submicron particle number concentrations in the urban/suburban atmosphere of Amman-Jordan during the spring of 2009. The main objective was to distinguish the differences in the submicron particle number concentrations with/without dust episodes. In the absence of dust episodes the concentrations showed distinguished daily patterns, which were similar at both the urban and the urban atmosphere with lower concentrations (at least 1:2) at the suburban site. The daily pattern during the first five working days (Saturday-Wednesday) was different than that that on either Thursday or Friday. During the morning rush hours the number concentrations were as high as 120×10^3 and 75×10^3 1/cm^3 at the urban and suburban sites during those workdays, respectively. These concentrations were about 21 and 14 times what was observed during the background conditions (5.5×10^3 1/cm^3 between midnight and early morning) at both sites. This suggests that traffic emissions are one of the main sources in the urban/suburban atmosphere of Amman. The number concentration of submicron aerosol particles, which originated from the nearby highway, at the urban site decreased exponentially with the wind speed. During a dust episode the total number concentration of submicron particles was about 1/5 of what is typically observed during workdays without dust episodes. The lower concentrations were attributed here for two reasons: increased wind speed and coagulation of locally emitted urban particles with the regional dust particles. These observations in the absence of dust episodes agree well with other studies for highly populated cities. The limitation of this study is the lack of information about the particle number size distribution that can reveal the modal structure of aerosol particles in Amman.
DARK MATTER, THE CORRECTION TO NEWTON'S LAW IN A DISK

The dark matter problem in the context of spiral galaxies refers to the discrepancy between the galactic mass estimated from luminosity measurements of galaxies with a given mass-to-luminosity ratio and the galactic mass measured from the rotational speed of stars using the Newton’s law. Newton’s law fails when applied to a star in a spiral galaxy. The problem stems from the fact that Newton’s law is applicable to masses represented as points by their barycenter. As spiral galaxies have shapes similar to a disk, we shall correct Newton’s law accordingly. We found that the Newton’s force exerted by the interior mass of a disk on an adjacent mass shall be multiplied by the coeﬃcient ηdisk estimated to be 7.44±0.83 at a 99% conﬁdence level. The corrective coeﬃcient for the gravitational force exerted by a homogeneous sphere at it’s surface is 1.00±0.01 at a 99% conﬁdence level, meaning that Newton’s law is not modiﬁed for a spherical geometry. This result was proven a long time ago by Newton in the shell theorem.