Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The structure of O-phospho-DL-threonine in potassium, sodium and ammonium environments

Summary Interactions of O-phospho-DL-threonine (DL-PThr) in the different ionization states with potassium, sodium and ammonium cations have been studied on five crystals (denoted as I-V). In semipotassium salt of DL-PThr (I), the phosphate group adopts the nearly trans conformation, whereas in mono- and disodium salts (II and III) and in mono- and diammonium salts of DL-PThr (IV and V) the phosphate group is situated anticlinal to the rest of the molecule, showing its conformational flexibility depending on the crystal environment, where significant differences are observed in interactions of K+, Na+ and NH4+ cations with PThr. The crystal packing in each of I-V is dominated by interactions between PThr moieties and the cations and hydrogen bond networks involving the phosphate, carboxyl, and amino groups of PThr moieties and water molecules. In crystal I, water molecules are not involved in potassium cation complexation. In crystals II and III, sodium cations show a preference for water molecules over PThr anions as ligands in coordination spheres. Especially in crystals I-III, water molecules are involved in very extensive networks of hydrogen-bond interactions.
Dual-Port Inverters With Internal DC–DC Conversion for Adjustable DC-Link Voltage Operation of Electric Vehicles

Adjustable dc-link voltage operation is an attractive solution to improve the overall efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs). This article proposes a dual-port inverter (DPI) with an internal dc–dc conversion system for the adjustable dc-link operation of the EVs. Unlike the conventional two-stage structure, the DPI provides a power flow path from the battery to the inverter directly. Hence, the power processed by the dc–dc converter can be reduced, resulting in higher efficiency and reduced power rating of the dc–dc converter. To fully explore the potential of this inverter in both high-speed and low-speed range, two operation modes with corresponding modulation strategies are investigated. A two-stage modulation strategy is proposed to produce undistorted current even in the presence of unevenly distributed and dynamically changing space vectors in the high-speed mode. Furthermore, the power processed by the dc–dc converter is minimized with the proposed two-stage modulation strategy, and the overall efficiency of the system is further improved. Experimental results with a 1.1-kW permanent-magnet synchronous motor are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Preparation of Zirconium Oxide Powder Using Zirconium Carboxylate Precursors

Zirconia was prepared at low temperatures (<450°C) using single several source precursors based on zirconium carboxylates where the R groups were systematically varied. The combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and extensive characterization of the precursors (i.e., X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy) indicated that the carboxylic acid complexes may link the zirconium metal with a cis bidentate configuration. Periodic DFT calculations were performed to examine the interaction between monoclinic ZrO2 and propanoic acid. Dissociative adsorption takes place through the cis bidentate structure with an adsorption energy of −1.43 eV. Calculated vibrational frequencies using the optimized structure are in good agreement with experimental findings.
Hot-phonon temperature and lifetime in biased boron-implanted SiO2/Si/SiO2 channels

Microwave noise temperature is measured as a function of supplied electric power in 100 nm thick silicon on insulator layers. At 293 K, the estimated hot-hole energy-relaxation time decreases from ∼9 ps at power below 0.05 nW/hole down to ∼1.55 ps in the power range (2–10) nW/hole. The results are interpreted in terms of hot-hole interaction with longitudinal optical (LO) phonons. A comparison of the experimental data with those calculated in the hot-hole-temperature approximation indicates accumulation of non-equilibrium optical phonons (termed hot phonons). In the power range of the dominant hole–LO phonon interaction, the increase in equivalent hot-phonon temperature is proportional to the increase in hot-hole temperature. The estimated value for the hot-phonon lifetime, (1.75 ± 0.4) ps, is comparable with the hot-hole energy-relaxation time at the high bias, ∼1.55 ps.
Selective low pressure chemical vapor deposition of copper and platinum

The low pressure chemical vapor deposition of copper and platinum is studied on SiO2 substrates which have been locally prenucleated with ultrathin metal layers of Pt, Cu, Pd, Au, and W. These layers were between 0.1 and 30 A thick and were produced by vacuum evaporation. Copper metal is deposited selectively on top of the prenucleation layers from the gaseous bis‐hexafluoroacetylacetonate {Cu(hfa)2} diluted in hydrogen. High quality copper could be grown at temperatures in the range of 300–400 °C with electrical resistivities as low as 2.5 times the bulk copper value. In contrast, platinum deposited from gaseous Pt(hfa)2 in H2 grows selectively on the clean oxide surface rather than on the areas prenucleated with vacuum evaporated platinum.
On the dynamical conductivity in icosahedral boron-rich solids

The FIR spectra of boron-rich solids measured down to exhibit strongly increasing reflectivities towards lower frequencies. These spectra are well described when a superposition of Drude-type and hopping-type dynamical conductivity is assumed. The corresponding fits were simultaneously made for the real and the imaginary part of the dielectric function to achieve unambiguous parameters. The results obtained can be described consistently, for example, with DC conductivity measurements, and moreover in the case of -rhombohedral boron, with the known energy band scheme. The bipolaron hopping model of the electronic transport in boron carbide is proved to be inappropriate.
Preparation of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles by Hydrolysis of Cobalt-Iron (III) Carboxylate Dissolved in Organic Solvent

Magnetic cobalt ferrite (CoFe 2 O 4 ) nanoparticles were prepared by hydrolysis of non-aqueous cobalt-iron(III) carboxylate solution with water. When the initial concentrations of cobalt and iron(III) in the starting solution were 0.075 kmol/m 3 and 0.15kmol/m 3 , the complete precipitation of cobalt ferrite was achieved within 20 min at 190°C and 1.3 MPa. The resulting cobalt ferrite particles were free from contamination by the organic starting materials. The particle size of cobalt ferrite drastically decreased from 110 nm to 13 nm as the stirring speed of the starting solution increased from 200 to 800 rpm. The magnetic properties of the resulting cobalt ferrite particles were dependent on the particle size, and the magnetization at a magnetic field of 0.8 MA/m and the coercive force were 51.7 μWb. m/kg and 4.8 kA/m for the ferrite nanoparticles of 13 nm.
Radiosynthesis of (N-[11C]methyl)benperidol for PET investigation of D2 receptor binding

Abstract A procedure for the reliable production of the novel PET D2 receptor ligand (N-[11C]methyl)benperidol ([11C]NMB) is described. The method is based on N-methylation of benperidol using [11C]methyl iodide from the PETtrace MeI MicroLab, with product purification via normal-phase HPLC. Batch yields of 2.5±0.9 GBq (68±25 mCi) of [11C]NMB are routinely (n=16) obtained, with a radiochemical purity >98% and an average specific activity of over 40.7 TBq (1100 Ci)/mmol. The overall radiosynthesis, purification, and pre-release quality control testing is accomplished within 50 minutes. The procedure described herein produces a radiopharmaceutical product that is suitable for D2 receptor studies using PET or microPET imaging.
Two-Stage Planning of Network-Constrained Hybrid Energy Supply Stations for Electric and Natural Gas Vehicles

The increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) and natural gas-fueled vehicles (NGVs) has introduced higher potentials for strengthening the coordination of transportation, natural gas, and electric networks. This article proposes the concept and the formulation of a planning model for hybrid energy supply stations (HESSes) to supply EVs and NGVs. In addition, this article coordinates the three networks for attaining a higher operational flexibility and lower investment cost for HESS. The proposed planning model incorporates EV charging, NGV refueling, solar photovoltaic (PV) units, energy conversion devices for power-to-gas and gas-to-electricity, and battery storage (electric and natural gas) units. The proposed HESS planning model is formulated as a two-stage robust problem to accommodate variable solar PV power and loads, where the first stage determines HESS investment decisions and the second stage determines HESS operation variables subject to the three network constraints and the availability of solar PV power. The original nonlinear HESS planning model is reformulated in a linear form, then the nested column and constraint generation algorithm is adopted to solve the planning model. Several enhancement techniques are applied to improve the computational performance of the proposed solution technique. Numerical results are presented for two systems to validate the effectiveness of the proposed HESS planning model and its solution technique.
Measurement of space charge in the lower atmosphere

A double field mill is described which, when, placed at a point above the earth's surface, is automatically brought to the potential of that point and registers the potential gradient. Two such instruments are employed to study space charge values in the first five metres, of the atmosphere •Comparison is made between results obtained using the double mills and an Obolensky-type air filter, which lead to the conclusion that the latter instrument gives incorrect readings in the presence of large small ion concentrations. Space charge studies in fair weather conditions, indicate the presence of a negative charge close to the ground of approximately -50µµC/m(^3)decreasing in the first two metres to aero and having an average value between one and three metres of +3 µµC/m(^3). The average height to which this charge extends is shown to be proportional to the potential gradient, and has it's origin in ionization produced by radioactive substances: in the earth, close to the surface. In disturbed conditions, heavy rain is found to generate a negative space charge of. the order of -1000 µµC/m(^3)arising from a splashing effect at the earth's surface. In snowfalls; charges of +500 µµC/m(^3) originate from the charge on the individual snowflakes and a positive charge left in the air due to rubbing or shattering of the snow as it. is falling. The fair weather results in the first metre show a good agreement with those of Norinder, but higher up show the usual positive charge found by Kahler, Daunderer, Scraae, Obolensky and Brown.
Facile preparation of N-methyl secondary amines by titanium(IV) isopropoxide-mediated reductive amination of carbonyl compounds

A simple, mild and efficient procedure for obtaining N-methyl secondary amines from aldehydes and ketones is reported. Treatment of carbonyl compounds with methylamine hydrochloride, triethylamine and titanium(IV) isopropoxide, followed by in situ sodium borohydride reduction and straightforward aqueous work-up, affords clean products in good to excellent yields.
Combination of AFM, SKPFM, and SIMS to Study the Corrosion Behavior of S-phase particles in AA2024-T351

The dissolution mechanism of S-phase particles in 2024-T351 aluminum alloy at open-circuit potential in chloride-containing sulfate solutions was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). The combination of the three techniques allowed the correlation between SKPFM measurements and the corrosion behavior of AA2024 to be confirmed, leading to a better understanding of the electrochemical behavior of S-phase particles. A three-step mechanism for the dissolution and accompanying processes occurring near S particles was proposed: (i) preferential aluminum and magnesium dissolution, (ii) galvanic coupling between the copper-enriched particles and the surrounding matrix, leading to an increased passivity of the matrix around the particles, and (iii) copper deposition around the corroded particles.
Implementation of lung cancer screening: what are the main issues?

Two large-scale RCTs have shown computed tomography (CT) lung cancer screening to be efficacious in reducing lung cancer mortality (8–24% in men, 26–59% in women). However, lung cancer screening implicitly means personalised and risk-based approaches. Health care systems’ implementation of personalised screening and prevention is still sparse, and likely to be of variable quality, because of important remaining uncertainties, which have been incompletely addressed or not at all so far. Further optimisation of lung cancer screening programs is expected to reduce harms and maintain or enhance benefit for eligible European citizens, whilst significantly reducing health care costs. Some main uncertainties (e.g., Risk-based eligibility, Risk-based screening intervals, Volume CT screening, Smoking Cessation, Gender and Sex differences, Cost-Effectiveness) are discussed in this review. 4-IN-THE-LUNG-RUN (acronym for: Towards INdividually tailored INvitations, screening INtervals and INtegrated co-morbidity reducing strategies in lung cancer screening) is the first multi-centred implementation trial on volume CT lung cancer screening amongst 24,000 males and females, at high risk for developing lung cancer, across five European countries, started in January 2020. Through providing answers to the remaining questions with this trial, many EU citizens will swiftly benefit from this high-quality screening technology, others will face less harms than previously anticipated, and health care costs will be substantially reduced. Implementing a new cancer screening programme is a major task, with many stakeholders and many possible facilitators but also barriers and obstacle.
Qualitative study on the value stream-based organization: lessons from Hungarian production plants

Received: 19 February 2020 Abstract Accepted: 19 May 2020 Lean management has become a much-researched topic in operations management. Beyond its technical aspects, nowadays the analysis of soft factors (corporate culture, organization, management, human resource management, knowledge transfer practices) have come to the fore. However, there are few sources available to the lean organization to find out what organizational changes are taking place alongside the lean application, and what organizational structures are being developed. In our study first we deal with the literature-based concepts of lean organizational structure and with the international examples, and then through five Hungarian corporate solutions and with help of the literature of organizational theories we synthesize the lean organizational forms.
Fit for Educational Purpose? The Findings of a Mixed Methods Study of Nurses’ Decisions to Participate in Professional Development and Recognition Programmes

Precursors to Professional Development and Recognition Programmes (PDRPs) emerged in the United States during the 1980s and, over the past three decades, have become well known and used in New Zealand. Pedagogically, PDRPs are often underpinned by the seminal work of Benner (1984) which supports nurses to develop critical and clinical thinking and importantly, expertise. As a tool supporting Continuing Professional Development (CPD), a PDRP has additional benefits. These include validation of regulatory continuing competence requirements and, at some levels, a financial reward. Yet, when given the option to participate in a PDRP, nurses choose not to. This article reports on findings from a recently completed, mixed methods study where nurses’ decisions to participate in a PDRP were examined. Their explanations portrayed how they were positively disposed to the programme but that time, confusion between regulatory competencies, and PDRP requirements, together with the responses of their colleagues, often made crossing the divide between simply liking the idea of PDRPs and submitting a portfolio impossible. Given this context, are PDRPs still fit for purpose?
Solutions of Stars Based on C60. Structural Behavior As Revealed by Small Angle Neutron Scattering

The conformation in dilute solution and the structural behavior in semidilute solutions of polystyrene-substituted fullerene stars (StH) have been investigated using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Six-arm stars of low polydispersity and well-defined functionality (f = 6) have been synthesized by anionic polymerization with molecular weights covering nearly four decades (7600 < Mw,star < 2040000 g/mol). Stars with selectively H/D-labeled sequences linked to the fullerene core (StHD) have also been synthesized. SANS measurements have been performed in a wide range of scattering vectors (0.002 < q (A-1) < 0.2). The single star scattering form factor P(q) has been obtained from the scattering of highly dilute solutions by extrapolation at zero concentration. In the Guinier range of q, the measured molecular weight dependence of the radius of gyration Rg is found in close agreement with the results appearing in the literature on stars of different chemical structures and functionality. The form factor .
What caused neonatal deaths in Senegal in 2017? a secondary analysis of 2017 DHS

Introduction in Senegal, the fight for newborn and child survival is a public health priority. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors associated with neonatal deaths in Senegal in 2017. Methods this article used data from the Senegal Demographic and Health Survey 2017. It covered 6073 children under the age of 5. The sample from the 2017 Continuous DHS is nationally representative. A bivariate analysis was conducted. The multivariate analysis was performed using STATA 15 software. Adjusted odds ratios had been calculated for variables with significant p values. The dependent variable was neonatal death. Results a total of 6,073 children had been investigated. The neonatal death rate is 2.12%. Neonatal deaths account for 50.97% of all infant and child deaths. Newborns with a low birth weight < 2500 g are 2.3 times more likely to die with an ORaj of 2.3 [1.01-5.28]. Newborns who are considered “very small” by their mother at birth are 2.5 times more likely to die in the neonatal period ORaj=2.5 [1.04-6.04]. The last risk factor identified is birth by caesarean section (ORaj=3.97 [1.68-9.39]). Conclusion this study concludes that low birth weight is an important risk factor for neonatal deaths in Senegal. These results suggest better management of antenatal care. However, this study showed that there was a deficit in the provision of perinatal services in Senegal. A qualitative analysis of caesarean section in the context of universal coverage could be a perspective for further reflection on improving newborn survival in Senegal.
Laser Aligned Molecules: Applications in Physics and Chemistry

We discuss how moderately intense, polarized laser fields can align molecules to given axes fixed in space. One dimensional adiabatic alignment is illustrated by experiments on iodine molecules with nanosecond (ns) laser pulses that are long compared to the rotational period. Similarly, 1-dimensional nonadiabatic alignment is illustrated through experiments on iodobenzene with picosecond (ps) pulses that are much shorter than the rotational periods. Applications of aligned molecules, including control of photodissociation and strong field ionization, are discussed.
APPLICATION OF THE WAVE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD TO MULTI-SPAN BRIDGES

The Wave Finite Element (WFE) method is based on wave propagation in periodic structures. Starting from a Finite Element (FE) analysis of a single period (sub-structure) we are able to derive the dynamic behaviour relative to the entire structure. Thanks to a reduction in the degrees of freedom (dofs) of the system and by decomposing the response of the structure on a wave basis, the calculation time is considerably reduced compared to the classic FEM. Numerous structures have been solved with this method but it can not deal easily on the boundary conditions. In this study, we develop a technique of WFE to deal with more general cases of structures constrained in a arbitrary manner as a multiple supported bridge. By using the WFE method, the vectors of dofs and loads will be decomposed on the wave basis in function of loads and reaction forces of the supports. Then, by substituting the boundary condition in this wave decomposition, we obtain a relation between the reaction forces and the loads which permits to calculate the structure response. The numerical applications show that the WFE and FEM agree well and the new method permits to reduce signiﬁcantly the calculation time.
SurfaceView: Seamless and Tile-Based Orthomosaics Using Millions of Street-Level Images From Vehicle-Mounted Cameras

We tackle the problem of building city- or country-scale seamless mosaics of the road network from millions of street-level images. These “orthomosaics” provide a virtual top-down, orthographic view, as might be captured by a satellite though at vastly reduced cost and avoiding limitations caused by atmospheric interference or occlusion by tree cover. We propose a novel, highly efficient planar visual odometry method that scales to millions of images. This includes a fast search for potentially overlapping images, relative pose estimation from approximate ground plane projected images and a largescale optimisation, which we call motion-from-homographies, that exploits multiple motion, GPS and control point priors. Since even city-scale orthomosaics have petapixel resolution, we work with a tile-based mosaic representation which is more efficient to compute and makes web-based, real-time interaction with the images feasible. Our orthomosaics are seamless both within tiles and across tile boundaries due to our proposed novel variant of gradient-domain stitching. We show that our orthomosaics are qualitatively superior to those produced using state-of-the-art structure-from-motion output yet our pose optimisation is several orders of magnitude faster. We evaluate our methods on a dataset of 1.4M images that we collected.
Intelligent Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis via Vision ConvNet

Feature extraction from a time sequence signal without manual information is an important part for bearing intelligent diagnosis. With the merits of signal information and feature structure information excavation, Deep ConvNet is widely used in bearing fault diagnosis and analysis under complex working conditions. However, due to the complexity of the bearing operating environment in the actual operation process, the sensitive features show different scale distribution characteristics. Meanwhile, it is known that the convolution kernel of ConvNet is usually small, which mainly focuses on the small-scale details of state distribution characteristics while ignores the identification of the overall trend of characteristic distribution. Considering that the size of convolution kernel can sense information hidden in different scales, this paper designed a one-dimensional vision ConvNet (VCN), where the architecture is composed of multilayer small kernel network and single-layer large kernel network side by side. The multi-kernel structure improves the ability of network to detect fault characteristic frequency band. By analyzing the artificially generated data and experimental data, the setting method of large convolution kernel and stride is discussed. Compared with the traditional CNN, wide first-layer kernels (WDCNN) and multiscale kernel-based ResCNN (MK-ResCNN), this network improves the recognition accuracy with a better stable training process for rolling bearing fault classification.