Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
6E-1 Analysis of Highly Piezoelectric Non-Leaky SAW Propagating in Rotated Y-Cuts of Lithium Niobate with Thick Metal Films or Gratings

Two acoustic modes, which propagate in rotated YX-cuts of LiNbO 3, were investigated as functions of rotation angle. The main characteristics of these modes, including polarization vectors, were determined first for free surface, and then analyzed as functions of Al thickness, in a substrate with uniform film or periodic grating. The behavior of typical Rayleigh-type and Love-type modes, which propagate in 128degYX cut, is compared with acoustic modes propagating in 15degYX cut. Velocity versus rotation angle dependences, calculated at different Al thickness, demonstrate gradual transformation of LSAW into the non-leaky SAW, with increasing Al thickness, and interaction between two SAW modes
Algorithms for recursive/semi-recursive bias-compensating least squares system identification within the errors-in-variables framework

Algorithms for the recursive/semi-recursive estimation of the system parameters as well as the measurement noise variances for linear single-input single-output errors-in-variables systems are considered. Approaches based on three offline techniques are presented: namely, the bias eliminating least squares, the Frisch scheme and the extended bias compensating the least squares method. Whilst the underlying equations used within these approaches are identical under certain design choices, the performances of the recursive/semi-recursive algorithms are investigated via simulation, in order to determine the most suitable technique for practical applications.
Multimodal interaction data between clinical psychologists and students for attentive listening modeling

This paper represents new multimodal interaction data recorded during conversation between clinical psychologists and students. For our recording, students talked small talk and topics they are working hard recently, and clinical psychologists attentively listened. Four clinical psychologists and 20 students were participated in this multimodal interaction, and we transcribed and annotated the data. Before and after recording, the participants answered questionnaires. Our preliminary analysis revealed that there were no strong correlations between clinical psychologists and students in most parts of subjective ratings. However, the student's rating of “I was able to talk topics I prepared” was correlated to the clinical psychologist's rating. We plan to create attentive dialogue systems, model good attentive listeners by using this data, and distribute this data to researchers of related fields.
Clinical and imaging outcomes after stroke with normal angiograms.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Information about the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke and normal angiography is limited. We report clinical and imaging outcomes of patients seen within 6 hours of symptom onset who were considered candidates for thrombolysis. METHODS Between November 1994 and December 1999, patients with stroke onset of less than 6 hours who were thrombolytic candidates underwent cerebral angiography. Patients with normal angiograms (defined as no sign of occlusive disease in the head or neck in the symptomatic artery) were included. Admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and discharge modified Rankin scores (mRS) were obtained. CT or MR images were obtained 24 hours or longer after symptom onset. Good outcome was defined as an mRS score < or =2. For analysis, follow-up CT or MR imaging findings were classified as showing cortical infarct, subcortical infarct > or =1.5 cm, subcortical infarct < or =1.5 cm, or no new infarct. The mechanism of the normal angiogram was assumed on the basis of these results. RESULTS Twenty-one patients with stroke had normal angiograms. About 43% (9/21) of the patients had a favorable hospital discharge clinical outcome, and an additional 33% (7/21) had favorable clinical outcomes at subsequent follow-up. New infarct on follow-up imaging was seen in 71% (15/21). Discharge mRS scores were not correlated with admission NIHSS scores or the mechanism of the normal angiogram. CONCLUSION Approximately 76% of acute stroke patients with normal angiograms have a favorable clinical outcome, and 71% have associated new infarctions. Given these outcomes, further study is needed before recommendations regarding thrombolytic treatment can be made in this population.
The HELP System for the Treatment of Atherothrombotic Disorders: A Review

Abstract: Given the importance of atherothrombotic disorders for the public health system, and the known limitations of conventional treatment on one hand and the compelling biochemical evidence and long‐term safety of HELP (Heparin‐mediated Extracorporeal LDL/Fibrinogen Precipitation) apheresis on the other hand, this approach provides a most valuable tool for further medical research and treatment of the various atherothrombotic and microcirculatory disorders. The present contribution reviews the recent developments in chronic and single application of apheresis in cardiology with particular emphasis on the newly discovered therapeutic possibilities for myocardial infarction, stroke, and after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Estimation of Amplitude and Latency Changes of P300 Response in Real-Time

The present study focused on changes in P300 of the event-related potential (ERP) in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). Changes in latency and amplitude of P300 are very useful indicators that can be used for clinical diagnosis. A low signal-to-noise ratio of the ERP signals makes it difficult to estimate small changes in latency and amplitude. In this paper, we propose a new method based on least mean square (LMS) algorithm to estimate the latency and amplitude changes of the ERP P300 response in real-time
RNA-Binding Protein AUF1 Promotes Myogenesis by Regulating MEF2C Expression Levels

ABSTRACT The mammalian RNA-binding protein AUF1 (AU-binding factor 1, also known as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D [hnRNP D]) binds to numerous mRNAs and influences their posttranscriptional fate. Given that many AUF1 target mRNAs encode muscle-specific factors, we investigated the function of AUF1 in skeletal muscle differentiation. In mouse C2C12 myocytes, where AUF1 levels rise at the onset of myogenesis and remain elevated throughout myocyte differentiation into myotubes, RNP immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis indicated that AUF1 binds prominently to Mef2c (myocyte enhancer factor 2c) mRNA, which encodes the key myogenic transcription factor MEF2C. By performing mRNA half-life measurements and polysome distribution analysis, we found that AUF1 associated with the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of Mef2c mRNA and promoted MEF2C translation without affecting Mef2c mRNA stability. In addition, AUF1 promoted Mef2c gene transcription via a lesser-known role of AUF1 in transcriptional regulation. Importantly, lowering AUF1 delayed myogenesis, while ectopically restoring MEF2C expression levels partially rescued the impairment of myogenesis seen after reducing AUF1 levels. We propose that MEF2C is a key effector of the myogenesis program promoted by AUF1.
Validation of the 99th percentile cutoff independent of assay imprecision (CV) for cardiac troponin monitoring for ruling out myocardial infarction.

By definition, the probability that a single measured cardiac troponin result exceeds the estimated 99th percentile is equal to 0.01 (1%) for a person randomly selected from the general (reference) population. This is irrespective of the imprecision profile of the analytical method as well as the lack of standardization of cardiac troponin assays (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). However, the probability that a measured result exceeds the 99th percentile limit for a specific person from the reference population will vary depending on that person’s true concentration and on the imprecision profile of the specific analytical method. Furthermore, the overall probability that at least one of multiple measured values (the second or third measured cardiac troponin concentration in a timed series of cardiac troponin orders) exceeds the 99th percentile also will vary depending on the imprecision of the analytical method. To investigate the influence of assay imprecision on the likelihood of misclassifying healthy individuals or patients without myocardial injury, we simulated the distribution of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) results in a general population and added random analytical error reflecting different assay imprecision profiles. One imprecision profile assumes a CV of 37.5% at a cTnI of 0.05 μg/L, decreasing to a CV of 25% at a cTnI of 0.07 μg/L, …
Frequency of depression after stroke: a systematic review of observational studies.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although depression is an important sequelae of stroke, there is uncertainty regarding its frequency and outcome. METHODS We undertook a systematic review of all published nonexperimental studies (to June 2004) with prospective consecutive patient recruitment and quantification of depressive symptoms/illness after stroke. RESULTS Data were available from 51 studies (reported in 96 publications) conducted between 1977 and 2002. Although frequencies varied considerably across studies, the pooled estimate was 33% (95% confidence interval, 29% to 36%) of all stroke survivors experiencing depression. Differences in case mix and method of mood assessment could explain some of the variation in estimates across studies. The data also suggest that depression resolves spontaneously within several months of onset in the majority of stroke survivors, with few receiving any specific antidepressant therapy or active management. CONCLUSIONS Depression is common among stroke patients, with the risks of occurrence being similar for the early, medium, and late stages of stroke recovery. There is a pressing need for further research to improve clinical practice in this area of stroke care.
1H MR spectroscopy using TE averaged PRESS: A more sensitive technique to detect neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease

A sensitive proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) acquisition scheme that is capable of discriminating between normal controls and a group of patients with early Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presented. The performance of this newly developed method, TE averaged PRESS (PRESS‐J), in detecting neurodegeneration associated with early AD is compared with that of short echo time (TE) PRESS. A stepwise discriminant function analysis is used to construct discriminant functions for both pulse sequences. These functions are each composed of a single predictor: the N‐acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) ratio for PRESS‐J, and the NAA/myoInositol (mI) ratio for PRESS. We observed lower P‐values, higher areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves, and higher sensitivity at a given specificity for the PRESS‐J discriminating function in comparison with the PRESS discriminating function. The higher sensitivity of PRESS‐J is due to decreased variability when the singlets are fit in the spectra. This increased sensitivity enables new MR applications and, among other benefits, allows for smaller group sizes in drug trials, which can significantly reduce the cost of such trials. Magn Reson Med 53:777–782, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermal protection of undocumented ac motors

This paper proposes a two-step procedure to estimate key motor parameters for AC motors with missing manufacturerpsilas motor specifications. Often users do not possess the motor specifications needed to provide optimal motor performance and protection. The manufacturer may never have supplied motor information, or the documentation may have been lost. This method provides motor users with a way to estimate the lost or missing information.
Concurrent operations in a distributed and mobile collaborative environment

In a distributed groupware system, objects shared by users are subject to concurrency and real time constraints. In order to satisfy these, various concurrency control algorithms have been proposed that exploit the semantic properties of operations (C.A. Ellis and S.J. Gibbs, 1989; A. Karsenty and M. Beaudouin-Lafon, 1993; C. Sun et al., 1996). By ordering concurrent operations, they generally guarantee consistency of the different copies of each object. However, in some situations they can result in inconsistent copies, a non respect of user's intentions, and in the need to undo and redo some operations. The principle objective of the paper is to present an algorithm that overcomes these drawbacks in distributed and mobile collaborative environments. The algorithm is based on the notion of user intention, and also on the construction of equivalent histories by exploiting and combining some general semantic properties such as forward/backward transposition.
An experimental comparison of preprocessing methods for age classification

This paper investigates image transformations as preprocessing steps that can be applied toward a state-of-the-art age classification framework of manifold learning. We report on the experimental results of four different preprocessing methods in terms of classification accuracy using a large training and test face database. The use of histograms of oriented gradient (HOG) descriptors increases the classification accuracy from 46 to 75%. Robustness to the rotation and translation is also tested.
Fixed-Period Packet Sampling and its Application to Flow Rate Estimation

We propose a packet sampling strategy called fixed-period sampling, which selects at most one packet in every fixed-length period. Under the fixed-period sampling, the number of flow-cache lookups during a unit of time or the number of entries in a flow cache is bounded by a constant, which is simply expressed by a few tuning parameters. As an application of the fixed-period sampling, we also focus on the flow-rate estimation from fixed-period sampled packet streams. In particular, we propose a simple estimator based solely on the sampling frequency overestimates flow rates of detected flows. We have conducted simulation experiments using two real traces to show basic characteristics of the fixed-period sampling for the comparison with the fixed-period sampling. We also show the accuracy of the proposed flow-rate estimator through simulations.
Intratympanic Steroids for Inner Ear Disorders: A Review

Background/Aim: The use of intratympanic steroids (ITS) has proliferated over the past 10–15 years to include treatments for inner ear disorders, like Ménière’s Disease (MD) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). The aim of this study was to review the clinical trials of ITS for inner ear disorders. Methods: PubMed and Ovid Medline databases were searched from 1966 to present for clinical trials on ITS in the treatment of MD and SSNHL. Studies were evaluated based on comparability and internal and external validity. Results: Thirty-eight studies were identified in total, 13 studies on MD and 25 studies on SSNHL. Most studies lacked placebo controls. Only 3 studies were double-blinded randomized prospective trials. Overall, there were heterogeneous steroid doses, treatment protocols, previous treatments, and definitions of disease and improvement. Conclusion: There are no good studies on ITS that meet the criteria of comparability, internal validity, and external validity. It is difficult to compare studies due to the heterogeneous nature of the data. More rigorously designed studies are required to determine the efficacy of this treatment, the optimal steroid to use, and the best treatment regimen.
Micro-petrophysical experiments via tomography and simulation Micro-petrophysical experiments

Increasingly, X-ray micro-tomography is being used in the observation and prediction of petrophysical properties. To support this field there is a vital need to have well integrated and parallel research programs in hardware development, structural description and physical property modelling. There is a constant need to validate simulation with physical measurement, and vice versa. Greatly assisting these demands is the ability to perform direct image-based registration in which the tomograms of successively disturbed (dissolved, fractured, cleaned, etc) specimens can be correlated to an original undisturbed state in 3D. In addition, 2D microscopy of prepared sections tie chemical analysis back to the 3D datasets giving a multimodal assessment.
Multiple origins of XY female mice (genus Akodon): phylogenetic and chromosomal evidence

Despite the diversity in sex determination across organisms, theory predicts that the evolution of XY females is rare in mammals due to fitness consequences associated with infertility or the loss of YY zygotes. We investigated this hypothesis from a phylogenetic perspective by examining the inter–and intraspecific distribution of Y chromosomes in males and females (XY females) in South American field mice (Akodon). We found that XY females occurred at appreciable frequencies (10–66%) in at least eight Akodon species, raising the possibility that this system of sex determination has arisen multiple times independently. To determine the number of origins of XY females in Akodon, we constructed a molecular phylogeny of 16 species of Akodon based on mitochondrial DNA control region sequences. Both parsimony and maximum–likelihood reconstruction of ancestral states suggest that multiple steps (gains or losses of XY females) best explain the evolution of XY females, but do not clearly differentiate between single and multiple origins. We then directly compared functional and non–functional Y chromosomes in six species by Southern blot analysis.We found that male and female Ychromosome restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns were identical within species, but always differed between species, providing evidence that XY females arose at least six times within the Akodon lineage. To our knowledge, this pattern in Akodon is the first documentation of a novel sex–determining system arising multiple times within a tight clade of mammals. In addition, this system provides a clear test of the accuracy of phylogenetic methods to reconstruct ancestral states.
Design Analysis of a 12.5 GHz PLL in 130 Nm SiGe BiCMOS Process

A systematic design method is applied to study and analyze the loop stability and phase noise of a type-II 3rd-order charge pump PLL. The designed PLL outputs at 12.5 GHz, which is intended to provide a clock for a silicon photonic transmitter prototype. The charge pump current and loop filter resistor are made tunable to cover process and temperature variations. The PLL is designed in a 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process. The rms jitter of the studied PLL output is about 5 ps with a 97.7 MHz reference clock with 4.9 ps rms jitter from a 0.05 to 12.5 GHz signal generator. The total power consumption of the PLL is less than 175 mW from a 2.5 V power supply.
ular biological data is the interpretation that the major DRK channel functionally expressed in rat

Liu, Lidong, Dane R. Hansen, Insook Kim, and Timothy A. Gilbertson. Expression and characterization of delayed rectifying K channels in anterior rat taste buds. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 289: C868 –C880, 2005. First published June 1, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00115. 2005. —Delayed rectifying K (DRK) channels in taste cells have been implicated in the regulation of cell excitability and as potential targets for direct and indirect modulation by taste stimuli. In the present study, we have used patchclamp recording to determine the biophysical properties and pharmacological sensitivity of DRK channels in isolated rat fungiform taste buds. Molecular biological assays at the taste bud and single-cell levels are consistent with the interpretation that taste cells express a variety of DRK channels, including members from each of the three major subfamilies: KCNA, KCNB, and KCNC. Real-time PCR assays were used to quantify expression of the nine DRK channel subtypes. While taste cells express a number of DRK channels, the electrophysiological and molecular biological assays indicate that the Shaker Kv1.5 channel (KCNA5) is the major functional DRK channel expressed in the anterior rat tongue.
INCREASED RATES OF SMOKING CESSATION OBSERVED AMONG TRANSGENDER WOMEN RECEIVING HORMONE TREATMENT.

OBJECTIVE According to the Centers for Disease Control, while 68% of adult smokers nationally desire to quit, only 6.2% successfully quit in a given year. Transgender women seen for hormone therapy at Boston Medical Center (BMC) are strongly advised to quit smoking before the start of treatment, not only due to general health benefits, but also because of the concern for increased thromboembolic events with estrogen therapy. Transgender men are given the same recommendation regarding tobacco as any patient. METHODS We retrospectively examined 156 patients' charts, 120 transgender women and 36 transgender men, from the Transgender Center at BMC. Thirty-five charts were excluded, as they did not contain smoking data (29 transgender women and 6 transgender men). RESULTS Twenty-eight transgender women (31%) were current smokers when they began treatment. Of those, 64% quit smoking over the course of initiating treatment. Of the 30 transgender men included in this study, 8 (27%) were current smokers when they began treatment. Of those, 25% quit smoking over the course of initiating treatment. CONCLUSION Although others report that discussing tobacco use with a healthcare provider can increase rates of smoking cessation as seen with transgender men at our center, the substantially increased rate of smoking cessation among our transgender women suggests that greater impact can be achieved when a life-changing event is leveraged. Further, while some physicians raise concern over morbidity from hormone therapy, in our experience, good health habits initiated with care in our system more than outweigh the modest risks currently described. Abbreviation: BMC = Boston Medical Center.
Answering the Call for more Accountability: Applying Data Profiling to Museum Metadata

Although the issue of metadata quality is recognized as an important topic within the metadata research community, the cultural heritage sector has been slow to develop methodologies, guidelines and tools for addressing this topic in practice. This paper concentrates on metadata quality specifically within the museum sector and describes the potential of data-profiling techniques for metadata quality evaluation. A case study illustrates the application of a general-purpose data-profiling tool on a large collection of metadata records from an ethnographic collection. After an analysis of the results of the case-study the paper reviews further steps in our research and presents the implementation of a metadata quality tool within an open-source collection management software.