Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Number of Factors in the Personality Sphere: Does Increase in Factors Increase Predictability of Real-Life Criteria?

Many researchers support a 5- to 8-factor personality theory; Cattell urges a 16-factor system. Factoranalysis has been unable to resolve this controversy. Hence, the degree to which 6 and 16 factorsrelated to a proposed new criterion (real-life data) was evaluated in 16 data sets. When factors wereincreased from 6 to 16, 88% of the studies showed a significant (p < .01) increase in R. The percent-age of variance accounted for, after shrinking the R&, was doubled. We concluded that the 5- to 8-factor position has limited usefulness; use of more factors is strongly supported.There is a continuing controversy over the appropriate num-ber of personality factors. Theorists and researchers have pro-posed differing numbers of factors as being necessary andsufficient to describe normal personality. Although attempts tointegrate or amalgamate the new factors with existing factorsare rare, Peterson (1965) felt that many factors in different sys-tems differed in name only and that only a few personality fac-tors had truly been denned. Others suggest that more effortshould be spent on a larger number of personality factors (Buss&Craik, 1985). An agreed-on minimum number of personality factors wouldenable systematic exploration of personality's relation to othervariables. "One must be able to specify the universe of traitsthat define personality" (McCrae & Costa, 1985, p. 711) to dosuch systematic exploration. Without established personalityfactors, research efforts are fragmented.A well-defined taxonomy of personality would delineate therelations between agreed-on personality factors as the periodictable of the elements delineates the interrelationship of chemi-cal elements (Cattell, 1946). The periodic table allows chemis-try "to express all compounds in a common vocabulary. Thatis, any chemical compound can be viewed as an amalgam ofbasic elements, and compounds that are similar in their ele-ments have other important similarities" (Goldberg, 1982, pp.232-233). It is hoped that a taxonomy of personality would in-troduce similar clarity into the study of personality.In clinical practice, agreed-on personality factors are alsoneeded. Clinicians want to be as specific as possible in under-standing their clients. Whether recommending ways to increasea person's medication compliance or deciding how to handle asuicidal person, clinicians want the maximum useful informa-tion. They wish to avoid uselessly specific data on the one handand overly general information on the other. The lack of anagreed-on personality factor system is handicapping in clinicalas well as research settings.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Rich-ard L. Gorsuch, Graduate School of Psychology, Fuller TheologicalSeminary, 180 N. Oakland Avenue, Pasadena, California 91182.
Unequal Power—Changing Landscapes: Negotiations between Evaluation Stakeholders in Latino Communities

The analyses presented in this article are based on the authors’ experiences over the past 5 years evaluating community initiatives located in several low-income, California Latino communities. The dynamic interactions between major stakeholder groups including funders, community-based organization staff, community members, and evaluators are examined through a context-sensitive lens. A case study of El Centro Familiar provides a vehicle for presenting our roles as an interpreters, translators, mediators, and storytellers. The challenges of blending a critical theory social science approach with community-focused evaluation practice form the basis of the discussion.
Relations among Family Interaction Patterns, Classroom Self-Restraint, and Academic Achievement in Preadolescent Boys.

Relations among observed family interaction patterns, preadolescent boys' classroom self-restraint, and academic achievement were studied in a sample of 65 intact families. In contrast to previous work in this area, children's social adjustment was introduced as a potential mechanism that mediates the relations between parent-child interactions and academic performance
Nothing so practical as a good theory; Five ways to use system dynamics for theoretical contributions

The ubiquitous practical relevance of system dynamics makes it easy to overlook the scientific impact that system dynamics has had. Studies on building theory with simulations suggest that there are very different ways of arriving at a theoretical contribution, which brings up the question how system dynamics is used to arrive at theoretical contributions. This paper provides a systematic review of system dynamics based theoretical contributions in management theory between 1990 and 2016. The results help pointing out which ways have proven to be specifically helpful for contributing to theory with system dynamics, and which opportunities for the future still exist.
Korean Semantic Similarity Measures for the Vector Space Models

It is argued in this paper that, in determining semantic similarity, Korean words should be recategorized with a focus on the semantic relation to ontology in light of cross-linguistic morphological variations. It is proposed, in particular, that Korean semantic similarity should be measured on three tracks, human judgements track, relatedness track, and cross-part-of-speech relations track. As demonstrated in Yang et al. (2015), GloVe, the unsupervised learning machine on semantic similarity, is applicable to Korean with its performance being compared with human judgement results. Based on this compatability, it was further thought that the model’s performance might most likely vary with different kinds of specific relations in different languages. An attempt was made to analyze them in terms of two major Korean-specific categories involved in their lexical and cross-POS-relations. It is concluded that languages must be analyzed by varying methods so that semantic components across languages may allow varying semantic distance in the vector space models.
Confidence Level and Feeling of Knowing in Question Answering - the Weight of Inferential Processes

What are the sources of metamemory judgments in question answering? Experiment 1 showed that the level of confidence in the correctness of a recalled answer (CL) is a reliable measure (test-retest G = .87) and a valid predictor of recognition (G = .55/.58). In contrast, the feeling of knowing the correct answer (FOK), although reliable (G = .82), is a poor predictor of recognition (G = .11). In Experiment 2 it was discovered that FOK levels are more highly correlated with beliefs about what should be known than are CL judgments. Controlling for the relationship between FOK and those beliefs eliminates any correlation between FOK and recognition (G drops from .27 to .08), which is not the case with CL (G remains as high as .52). These data suggest that CL is based on the retrieval of at least some elements of the right answer, whereas FOK may be derived from recency or familiarity effects elicited by the question itself.
A Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Method Based on Fuzzy Clustering

Recommender system uses customers' historical preferences to realize personal service. It has become an important application in E-commerce and Information access. This paper presents a new recommendation method, which combines the similar relation in attributes and characters of items with Item-Based Collaborative Filtering recommendation technology by fuzzy clustering method. Firstly it applies fuzzy clustering method to cluster the items and gets the similar group in the attributes and characters of items. Then this paper forms the synthetical similar group by combining the similar group with the collaborative similar group in user-item rating matrix. At last this new method makes the recommendation for active customers based on the synthetical similar group. The experimental results show that this method can not only efficently improve the Cold-Start problem of Item-based Collaborative Filtering recommendation algorithm, but also provide better recommendation results than that of Item-based Collaborative Filtering recommendation algorithm.
The Role of Phonological Awareness and Visual-Orthographic Skills in Chinese Reading.

: This study examined the role of phonological awareness and visual-orthographic skills in Chinese reading acquisition. The subjects were 154 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th graders in Beijing who had learned an alphabetic script known as Hanyu Pinyin to help read Chinese characters. Children's performance on tests of various cognitive skills, reading ability, and pinyin knowledge were examined. Results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that (a) visual skills predicted reading success at lower grades; (b) pinyin knowledge and the ability to discriminate homophonic characters predicted reading success in Grades 2, 3, and 5; and (c) onset-rime awareness, but not phonemic awareness, predicted Chinese reading. This suggests that learning to read Chinese progresses from a logographic phase to an orthographic-phonological phase and that the nature of phonological awareness predicting reading success is contingent on the characteristics of the writing system.
Performance analysis of an inbound call center with time varying arrivals

The paper presents a novel method of performance analysis of a call center with balking and abandonment, i.e. in which the customer may not stay in the queue once realizing he is put on hold, or abandon the waiting queue if the waiting time is too long. In the paper we compare both an inherently transient and a stationary CTMC models of such an inbound call center, using realistic data. The inherently transient method we introduce delivers important characteristics of the model, with the quality close to Monte Carlo simulations, by using modified uniformization method.
Tutorial: Using Content Management Systems (CMS) and Web Analytics in Information Systems Assignments

The proposed tutorial is an introduction to using Content Management Systems (CMS) and Web Analytics for assignments in Information Systems courses. The tutorial presents the advantages of using these technologies versus alternatives, provides a brief hands-on introduction to CMS and Analytics, and describes how to use them together to increase student IS skills and motivation. The tutorial will also share practical tips based on years of undergraduate and graduate teaching experience.
System modeling and analysis for automultiscopic 3D displays

A mathematical system model for an automultiscopic display with a real parallel camera layout is derived.According to the principle of imaging optics in computer vision and binocular parallax,the relationship of the real object space to the perceived image space is described by 4×4 homogenous matrices.By means of this model,the parameters of shooting and display can be adjusted more precisely so as to control the 3D depth and eliminate the distortion more effectively.The affects of the parameters to the perceived image are analyzed quantitatively.The results show that this model has higher 3D depth adjusting sensitivity,and can control the deformation coefficient to 1,which can avoid the card board effect.The theory and simulation results prove this model has better value of reference in real shooting condition.
Incremental validity of situational judgment tests

Using 3 different samples, the authors assessed the incremental validity of situational judgment inventories (SJIs), relative to job knowledge, cognitive ability, job experience, and conscientiousness, in the prediction of job performance. The SJI was a valid predictor in all 3 samples and incrementally so in 2 samples. Relative to the other predictors, SJI's partial correlation with performance, controlling for the other 4 predictors, was superior in most comparisons. Subgroup differences on the SJI also appear to be less than those for cognitive ability and job knowledge, but greater than differences in conscientiousness. The SJI should prove to be a valuable additional measure in the prediction of job performance, but several additional areas of research are suggested.
Modeling Dyadic Interactions and Networks in Marketing

Many substantive areas in marketing share a basic concern with relationships. Social network and dyadic interaction methods are techniques that can enrich a researcher's understanding of the structure of relationships, whether a few actors or many are involved and whether the relationships are at the consumer or business level. Network models are discussed in a variety of substantive areas, including coalition formation in buying centers, identification of opinion leaders in word-of-mouth networks, power and cooperation in channel dyads, conflict resolution in family purchasing, and the management of expectations in service encounters. In addition, important modeling advances are described, including techniques that enable researchers to make comparisons between networks and adaptations of reciprocity parameters to allow for identification of stochastic cliques.
Computational Algorithms and Evidence Interpretation in DNA Forensics based on Genomic Data

DNA based genetic analysis has been an essential part in modern biomedical research. Professor Sir TAlec Jeffreys first used multilocus DNA analyses to determine the relationship between individuals in an immigration case, and heralded a new field, DNA fingerprinting or DNA forensics. Nowadays, almost all DNA markers, those that reside on autosomal chromosomes, Y chromosomes and mitochondria DNA (mtDNA), have been utilized in DNA forensic investigations. The Short Tandem Repeats (STR) markers on autosomal chromosomes are the cornerstone of current DNA crime databases. Investigations are also extended to Y chromosomes and mtDNA for paternal and maternal lineage comparisons, respectively. Panels based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) were also developed as an adjunct tool in forensics, especially for degraded samples. Discovery of Tblock structure of human genome offers new avenues for future
Role of examples in how students learn to categorize statistics word problems.

In Experiment 1, students who studied example word problems that were grouped by t test, correlation, and chi-square were more likely to sort subsequent problems on the basis of structure and less likely to sort on the basis of surface characteristics than students who received no examples. In Experiment 2, this pattern was strongest when students studied structure-emphasizing rather than surface-emphasizing examples. In Experiment 3, students who studied and practiced 4 structure-emphasizing worked-out examples of t test and correlation problems were more likely to apply the appropriate statistical test correctly to subsequently presented statistics word problems than students who had studied surface-emphasizing examples. This pattern was strong for lower but not for higher ability students. Implications of a schema construction theory are discussed.
Influence of Carl Jung and William James on the Origin of Alcoholics Anonymous

Alcoholics Anonymous is probably the most influential self-help organization in the world, with a current worldwide membership approaching 2 million. The origin of the organization has ties to Carl Gustav Jung and William James, 2 very prominent figures in the history of psychology. A brief history of the events that led to the formation of Alcoholics Anonymous is presented, with particular emphasis on the influence of Jung and James. An account of relevant life events of both Jung and James is provided, in addition to a summary of their views on alcoholism and its treatment. Speculation is offered on how the 2 men might view their unsolicited association with the organization.
Adaptive Topic Tracking Technique Based on K-Modes Clustering

Traditional Adaptive Topic Tracking(ATT) uses VSM to express a topic model and bring mistaken feedback to topic model updating.This paper presents an Adaptive Tracking Technique based on K-Modes clustering(K-MATT) to solve the problems caused by traditional topic model expression.This method uses Topic Kind Center(TKC) to substitute topic model and uses named entities VSM to express TKC,updates TKC in topic tracking until TKC is stable.Experiments prove K-MATT method is effective.
Gender differences in Scholastic Aptitude Test: Mathematics problem solving among high-ability students.

This study examined whether male and female students of high mathematical ability use different solution strategies on math problems that had previously yielded gender differences in correct responding. Structured interviews were conducted with high school students who had scored at least 670 on the math portion of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT-M). Eight types of solution strategies could be further dichotomized as conventional or unconventional in approach. Female students were more likely than male students to use conventional strategies. SAT-M scores were correlated with positive attitudes (confidence and persistence) towards math; use of conventional strategies was correlated with negative attitudes (dislike, nonrelevance) toward math
A Discontinuous Galerkin Chimera Overset Solver

This work summarizes the development of an accurate, efficient, and flexible Computational Fluid Dynamics computer code that is an improvement relative to the state of the art. The improved accuracy and efficiency is obtained by using a high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretization scheme. In order to maximize the computational efficiency, quadrature-free integration and numerical integration optimized as matrixvector multiplications is employed and implemented through a pre-processor (PyDG). Using the PyDG pre-processor, a C++ polynomial library has been developed that uses overloaded operators to design an efficient Domain Specific Language (DSL) that allows expressions involving polynomials to be written as if they are scalars. The DSL, which makes the syntax of computer code legible and intuitive, promotes maintainability of the software and simplifies the development of additional capabilities. The flexibility of the code is achieved by combining the DG scheme with the Chimera overset method. The Chimera overset method produces solutions on a set of overlapping grids that communicate through an exchange of data on grid boundaries (known as artificial boundaries). Finite volume and finite difference discretizations use fringe points, which are layers of points on the artificial boundaries, to maintain the interior stencil on artificial boundaries. The fringe points receive solution values interpolated from overset grids. Proper interpolation requires fringe points to be contained in overset grids. Insufficient overlap must be corrected by modifying the grid system. The Chimera scheme can also exclude regions of grids that lie outside the computational domain; a process commonly known as hole cutting. The Chimera overset method has traditionally enabled the use of high-order finite difference and finite volume approaches such as WENO and compact differencing schemes, which require structured meshes, for modeling fluid flow associated with complex geometries. The large stencil associated with these high-order schemes can significantly complicate the inter-grid communication and hole cutting processes. Unlike these high-order schemes, the DG method always retains a small stencil regardless of the order of approximation.
Theoretical Generality, Case Particularity: Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Trade Union Growth and Decline

This papers makes three points and offers one demonstration. First, the selection of cases in comparative research ideally should capture all of the variation that exists in a theorized population of interest, and not be based merely on data convenience, the presence or absence of the instance under analysis, or assumptions about causal invariance or the representativeness of cases. Second, partly due to flawed case-selection criteria and partly due to overly generous or overly restrictive logic used in determining causality, neither traditional "small-N" qualitative designs nor conventional "large-N" quantitative research designs are optimal for many comparative problems. Third, a relatively new causal comparative methodology based on a data reduction logic rooted in Boolean algebra-Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)-appears of substantial utility in those research sites with relatively large number of cases, causal heterogeneity, and the expectation of delimited theoretical generalizations. These points are then demonstrated through a QCA analysis of comparative patterns of growth and decline of trade union membership across the 18 largest, politically stable capitalist democracies in the 1970s and 1980s.
Sleep Schedules and Daytime Functioning in Adolescents

Sleep and waking behaviors change significantly during the adolescent years. The objective of this study was to describe the relation between adolescents' sleep/wake habits, characteristics of students (age, sex, school), and daytime functioning (mood, school performance, and behavior). A Sleep Habits Survey was administered in homeroom classes to 3,120 high school students at 4 public high schools from 3 Rhode Island school districts. Self-reported total sleep times (school and weekend nights) decreased by 40–50 min across ages 13–19, ps 120 min) reported increased daytime sleepiness, depressive mood, and sleep/wake behavior problems, ps < . 05, versus those sleeping longer than 8 hr 15 min with less than 60 min weekend delay. Altogether, most of the adolescents' surveyed do not get enough sleep, and their sleep loss interferes with daytime functioning.