Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Aging and Lifelong Aerobic Exercise on Basal and Exercise-Induced Inflammation in Women.

Low muscle mass and frailty are especially prevalent in older women and may be accelerated by age-related inflammation. Habitual physical activity throughout the lifespan (lifelong exercise) may prevent muscle inflammation and associated pathologies, but this is unexplored in women. This investigation assessed basal and acute exercise-induced inflammation in three cohorts of women: young exercisers (YE, n=10, 25±1y, VO2max:44±2mL/kg/min, quadriceps size:59±2cm2), old healthy non-exercisers (OH, n=10, 75±1y, VO2max:18±1mL/kg/min, quadriceps size:40±1cm2), and lifelong aerobic exercisers with a 48±2y aerobic training history (LLE, n=7, 72±2y, VO2max:26±2mL/kg/min, quadriceps size:42±2cm2). Resting serum IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, and IGF-1 were measured. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained at rest (basal) and 4h after an acute exercise challenge (3x10reps, 70%1RM) to assess gene expression of cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-4, IL-1Ra, TGF-β), chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1), cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1, COX-2), prostaglandin E2 synthases (mPGES-1, cPGES) and receptors (EP3-4), and macrophage markers (CD16b, CD163), as well as basal macrophage abundance (CD68+ cells). The older cohorts (LLE+OH combined) demonstrated higher muscle IL-6 and COX-1 (P≤0.05) than YE, while LLE expressed lower muscle IL-1β (P≤0.05 vs. OH). Acute exercise increased muscle IL-6 expression in YE only, whereas the older cohorts combined had higher postexercise expression of IL-8 and TNF-α (P≤0.05 vs. YE). Only LLE had increased postexercise expression of muscle IL-1β and MCP-1 (P≤0.05 vs. preexercise). Thus, aging in women led to mild basal and exercise-induced inflammation that was unaffected by lifelong aerobic exercise, which may have implications for long-term function and adaptability.
Adaptation to elevation but limited local adaptation in an amphibian *

We performed a reciprocal transplant experiment to estimate “parallel” adaptation to elevation and “unique” adaptation to local sites at the same elevation, using the frog Rana temporaria in the Swiss Alps. It is important to distinguish these two processes because they have different implications for population structure and ecological specialization. Larvae were reared from hatching to metamorphosis within enclosures installed in their pond of origin, in three foreign ponds at the same elevation, and in four ponds at different elevation (1500–2000 m higher or lower). There were two source populations from each elevation, and adults were held in a common environment for 1 year before they were crossed to produce offspring for the experiment. Fitness was a measure that integrated larval survival, development rate, and body size. Parallel adaptation to elevation was indicated by an advantage at the home elevation (11.5% fitness difference at low elevation and 47% at high elevation). This effect was stronger than that observed in most other studies, according to a survey of previous transplant experiments across elevation (N = 8 animal species and 71 plants). Unique local adaptation within elevational zones was only 0.3–0.7 times as strong as parallel adaptation, probably because gene flow is comparatively high among nearby wetlands at the same elevation. The home‐elevation advantage may reduce gene flow across the elevational gradient and enable the evolution of habitat races specialized on elevation.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM DAN MUROTAL DALAM MENURUNKAN SKALA NYERI PADA PASIEN POST URETHROLITHOTOMI

Latar belakang :Batu Ureter adalah keadaan dimana adanya batu di saluran ureter, karena terjadi adanya penumpukan oksalat, kalkuli pada ureter. Salah satu penanganan batu ureter yaitu dilakukan uretrolitotomi. Akibat dari pembedahan salah satunya adalah nyeri. Salah satu penatalaksanaan dalam mengatasi nyeri secara non farmakologi yaitu teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan murotal. Tujuan : Menggambarkan penerapan teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan murotal dalam menurunkan tingkat nyeri pasien post uretrolitotomi. Metode :Metode yang digunakan adalah descriptive study dengan desain case study. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara wawancara dan observasi. Analisis dan penyajian data secara tekstular yang disertai dengan cuplikan ungkapan verbal dari responden. Hasil : Setelah dilakukan penerapan teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan murotal selama 3 hari, pasien mengatakan nyeri dapat berkurang menjadi skala 3. Simpulan : Penulis memberikan terapi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan murotal untuk mengurangi skala nyeri selama 3 hari, sehingga didapatkan hasil yaitu pasien mengatakan nyeri berkurang ditandai dengan pasien mampu mengontrol nyeri, nyeri berkurang dari skala 6 menjadi skala 3, dan pasien menyatakan rasa nyaman setelah nyeri berkurang. Saran :Menerapkan prosedur teknik tarik nafas dalam dan murotal untuk mengatasi nyeri dengan mempertahankan lingkungan tenang dan menggunakan earphone untuk mendengarkan murotal demi mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal. Kata kunci: Post uretrolitotomi, nyeri, teknik relaksasi nafas dalam, terapi murotal
Bride Price Payment and Justification of Sexual Violence Among Women in Ghana

Although insights on bride price and domestic violence have been explored in Ghana, very little is known about payment of bride price and the justification of sexual violence. We investigated the payment of bride price and justification of sexual violence among women (N = 4,222) in Ghana, dwelling on the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Two binary logistic regression models were fitted. We adjusted for significant sociodemographic variables. The findings revealed that women whose partners had paid their bride price had higher odds [OR = 1.54; CI = 1.174, 2.00] of justifying sexual violence, compared to those whose partners had not paid. We found that women with primary [AOR = 0.55; CI = 0.44–0.71] and secondary/higher [AOR = 0.47; CI = 0.36–0.60] levels of education had lower odds of accepting sexual violence. Women in the rich wealth quintile [AOR = 0.32; CI = 0.22, 0.46] had lower odds of justifying sexual violence. Our study has illustrated the need for women to appreciate that payment of bride price does not imply that their fundamental human rights have been bought by men, but they rather become partners. This information can form part of premarriage counselling and human rights initiatives by the Ministry of Gender and Social Protection. That is, the content of marriage counselling may be expanded to include issues on IPV, its implications, and legal consequences. Such information can develop personal realization and urge women to report any violent advances to the police and appropriate authorities for the required legal action to be taken. This may deter others to desist from violence perpetration against women. At the community level, chiefs and other leaders of high repute can be made anti-IPV ambassadors. The Ministry of Health and other nongovernmental anti-violence organizations can also collaborate to strengthen education on anti-sexual violence programs by using the mass media.
High conservation value forests for burn‐associated saproxylic beetles: an approach for developing sustainable post‐fire salvage logging in boreal forest

Fire‐killed timber is considered as a loss of potential revenues and is thus increasingly salvaged, though not without concerns for biodiversity conservation. Indeed, a large diversity of burn‐associated saproxylic beetles use recently burned trees. This study intends to reduce potential impacts of salvage logging on biodiversity by identifying high conservation value forests (HCVFs) for burn‐associated beetles, which are considered the most at risk. In five burns ignited naturally in 2010 in the eastern Canadian boreal forest, we selected 31 and 29 stands of black spruce and jack pine respectively. Three 50‐cm bole segments were retrieved from each stand and placed in emergence cages to measure tree utilisation by saproxylic beetles. This yielded 7235 beetles from 103 taxa, of which 67 were considered rare (<5% occurrence in logs) and 36 as common taxa (>5% occurrence in logs). Among the common taxa, we identified six groups of ecologically related species using co‐occurrence‐based hierarchical clustering, among which three were mainly formed by opportunistic species that are currently of little concern in a post‐fire logging context. The three other groups were formed by burn‐associated species that could be affected by salvage logging. HCVFs include jack pine stands and large trees of either tree species of low‐ to mid‐range burn severity. We also recommend retaining the periphery of burned stands, as ecotones are rich habitats used by several burn‐associated species that are found in low numbers in green forests but they benefit from burned habitats by increasing their populations significantly.
Aerosol Infection of Mice with Mycobacteria Using a Nose-Only Exposure Device

The effectiveness of an aerosol producing system (In-Tox Products, Albuquerque, NM) commonly used for toxicological studies of chemicals and radioisotopes was evaluated for experimental tuberculosis infection of mice. Previously, experimental tuberculosis of rodents has been accomplished by aerosol infection devices which exposed the entire animal to the aerosol within a chamber. We utilized the In-Tox system to infect animals via the respiratory route with Mycobacterium bovis strain Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) as a model for experimental pulmonary tuberculosis. The advantage of the device tested is that exposure to the infectious aerosol is limited to the nose of the animal. The present instrument was found to yield good implantation of mycobacteria into the lungs. The infectious load was reproducible and, with the addition of some filtration, the infectious agent was well contained within the device. Our results showed that this device is easy to operate, produces an effective experimental aerosol infection and is safe for the investigator.
Factors associated with the inflammatory potential of the Brazilian population’s diet

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the inflammatory potential of the Brazilian population’s diet and its association with demographic, socio-economic and anthropometric characteristics. A cross-sectional study was performed with 34 003 individuals aged 10 years and older, evaluated by the National Diet and Nutrition Survey from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF 2008–2009). The Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII™) was determined using thirty-four dietary parameters calculated through non-consecutive 2-d dietary records. Positive scores indicate a pro-inflammatory diet, while negative scores indicate an anti-inflammatory diet. A bivariate and multivariate linear regression analysis based on a hierarchical theoretical model was performed to verify the factors associated with the E-DII. The mean of the E-DII was 1·04 (range of −4·77 to +5·98). The highest values of the pro-inflammatory E-DII were found among adolescents (1·42; P < 0·001) and individuals with higher income (1·10; P < 0·001) and level of education (1·18; P < 0·001). In the final model, the E-DII was associated with higher income quartiles and was higher in the Northeast and South regions, in white people, individuals with ≥9 years of education and adults and adolescents age group. The Brazilian population consumes a diet with high inflammatory potential, especially adolescents, white people and those with higher income and level of education. Thus, the index presented uneven distribution among the population, emphasising groups with higher dietary inflammatory potential. The socio-economic risk profile of a diet with higher inflammatory potential in medium-income countries is different from what is observed in high-income nations.
Bioprinting on Live Tissue for Investigating Cancer Cell Dynamics.

A challenge in cancer research is the lack of physiologically responsive in vitro models that enable tracking of cancer cells in tissue-like environments. A model that enables real-time investigation of cancer cell migration, fate, and function during angiogenesis does not exist. Current models, such as 2D or 3D in vitro culturing, can contain multiple cell types, but they do not incorporate the complexity of intact microvascular networks. The objective of this study was to establish a tumor-microvasculature model by demonstrating the feasibility of bioprinting cancer cells onto excised mouse tissue. Inkjet-printed DiI+ breast cancer cells on mesometrium tissues from C57Bl/6 mice demonstrated cancer cells' motility and proliferation via time-lapse imaging. Co-localization of DAPI+ nuclei confirmed that DiI+ cancer cells remained intact post-printing. Printed DiI+ 4T1 cells also remained viable after printing on Day 0 and after culture on Day 5. Time-lapse imaging over 5 days enabled tracking of cell migration and proliferation. The number of cells and cell area were significantly increased over time. After culture, cancer cell clusters were co-localized with angiogenic microvessels. The number of vascular islands, defined as disconnected endothelial cell segments, was increased for tissues with bioprinted cancer cells, which suggests that the early stages of angiogenesis were influenced by the presence of cancer cells. Bioprinting cathepsin L knock-down 4T1 cancer cells on wild-type tissues or non-target 4T1 cells on NG2 knock-out tissues served to validate the use of the model for probing tumor cell versus microenvironment changes. These results establish the potential for bioprinting cancer cells onto live mouse tissues to investigate cancer-microvascular dynamics within a physiologically relevant microenvironment.
Glucosamine and Chondroitin Supplements and Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Serrated Polyp

Background: Studies have shown an inverse association between use of glucosamine and chondroitin supplements and colorectal cancer risk. However, the association with the precursor lesion, colorectal adenoma and serrated polyp, has not been examined. Methods: Analyses include 43,163 persons from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), and NHS2 who reported on glucosamine/chondroitin use in 2002 and who subsequently underwent ≥1 lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. By 2012, 5,715 conventional (2,016 high-risk) adenomas were detected, as were 4,954 serrated polyps. Multivariable logistic regression for clustered data was used to calculate OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Glucosamine/chondroitin use was inversely associated with high risk and any conventional adenoma in NHS and HPFS: in the pooled multivariable-adjusted model, glucosamine + chondroitin use at baseline was associated with a 26% (OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60–0.90; Pheterogeneity = 0.23) and a 10% (OR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81–0.99; Pheterogeneity = 0.36) lower risk of high-risk adenoma and overall conventional adenoma, respectively. However, no association was observed in NHS2, a study of younger women (high-risk adenoma: OR = 1.09; 95% CI, 0.82–1.45; overall conventional adenoma: OR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.86–1.17), and effect estimates pooled across all three studies were not significant (high-risk: OR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63–1.10; Pheterogeneity = 0.03; overall conventional adenoma: OR = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.85–1.02; Pheterogeneity = 0.31). No associations were observed for serrated polyps. Conclusions: Glucosamine/chondroitin use was associated with lower risks of high-risk and overall conventional adenoma in older adults; however, this association did not hold in younger women, or for serrated polyps. Impact: Our study suggests that glucosamine and chondroitin may act on early colorectal carcinogenesis in older adults.
Chikungunya virus antagonizes cGAS-STING mediated type-I interferon responses by degrading cGAS

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus known to cause epidemics resulting in predominantly symptomatic infections, which in rare cases cause long term debilitating arthritis and arthralgia. Significant progress has been made in understanding the roles of canonical RNA sensing pathways in the host recognition of CHIKV; however, less is known regarding antagonism of CHIKV by cytosolic DNA sensing pathways like that of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING). With the use of cGAS or STING null cells we demonstrate that the pathway restricts CHIKV replication in fibroblasts and immune cells. We show that DNA accumulates in the cytoplasm of infected cells and that CHIKV blocks DNA dependent IFN-β transcription. This antagonism of DNA sensing is via an early autophagy-mediated degradation of cGAS and expression of the CHIKV capsid protein is sufficient to induce cGAS degradation. Furthermore, we identify an interaction of CHIKV nsP1 with STING and map the interaction to 23 residues in the cytosolic loop of the adaptor protein. This interaction stabilizes the viral protein and increases the level of palmitoylated nsP1 in cells. Together, this work supports previous publications highlighting the relevance of the cGAS-STING pathway in the early detection of (+)ssRNA viruses and provides direct evidence that CHIKV interacts with and antagonizes cGAS-STING signaling.
Blood pressure management and perioperative myocardial injury

An estimated 200 to 300 million noncardiac surgeries are performed each year worldwide. Approximately 1% of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery suffer an acute myocardial infarction (MI), defined as acute myocardial injury with acute changes on electrocardiogram or imaging studies (echocardiography, angiography) with or without symptoms. Historically, the literature has primarily focused on perioperative MI. However, more recently, the significance of myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) without infarction has been recognized. The concept of MINS is characterized by cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation without ischemic features (absence of chest pain, electrocardiogram changes). As many as 8% to 19% of patients develop cTn elevations after noncardiac surgery. MINS portends poor clinical outcomes in the short and long term. Given the high incidence and poor outcomes of patients with perioperative myocardial injury, there is increased interest in exploring modifiable factors to improve patient morbidity and mortality.
Non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis and moderate-severe endometriosis with serum CA125, endocan, YKL-40, and copeptin quadruple panel

Abstract Considering the complex pathogenesis of endometriosis, which is associated with many cellular or molecular processes, such as proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, we evaluated the diagnostic value of a quadruple panel of serum markers CA125, endocan, YKL-40 and copeptin, for the prediction of endometriosis and moderate – severe endometriosis. Seventy women with endometriosis and 70 women without endometriosis were evaluated. Serum CA125, endocan, copeptin and YKL-40 levels were significantly increased in women with endometriosis compared to the women without endometriosis and in the minimal – mild endometriosis group compared to the no-endometriosis group. YKL-40, endocan and copeptin levels were significantly increased in the moderate – severe endometriosis group compared to the mild –moderate endometriosis group but the difference in CA125 levels remained non-significant. The quadruple panel score had an AUC of 0.954, a sensitivity of 96.5% and specificity of 84.6% for prediction of moderate – severe endometriosis. Zero or one positive marker had a sensitivity of 91.4% and specificity of 88.57% to rule out endometriosis. In conclusion, a quadruple panel of serum markers-CA125, endocan, YKL-40, and copeptin may be beneficial for the diagnosis of endometriosis and especially moderate – severe endometriosis. Further studies are needed to prove the efficacy of this panel. Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Many serum markers including CA125 have been investigated so far and suggested to be associated with endometriosis. However, none of these markers is sensitive and specific enough to diagnose endometriosis. What do the results of this study add? A quadruple panel score (CA125, endocan, YKL-4 and copeptin) had an AUC of 0.954, a sensitivity of 96.5% and specificity of 84.6% for prediction of moderate – severe endometriosis. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? A high score may be beneficial to warn the surgeon about the risk of moderate to severe endometriosis if the patient will be operated anyway. A negative test of the quadruple panel may show high odds that there is no endometriosis which may prevent unnecessary surgery.
Exploring the Effects of a Brief Biofeedback Breathing Session Delivered Through the BioBase App in Facilitating Employee Stress Recovery: Randomized Experimental Study

Background Recovery from stress is a predictive factor for cardiovascular health, and heart rate variability (HRV) is suggested to be an index of how well people physiologically recover from stress. Biofeedback and mindfulness interventions that include guided breathing have been shown to be effective in increasing HRV and facilitating stress recovery. Objective This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a brief app-based breathing intervention (BioBase) in enhancing physiological recovery among employees who were induced to cognitive and emotional stress. Methods In total, we recruited 75 full-time employees. Interbeat (RR) intervals were recorded continuously for 5 min at baseline and during cognitive and emotional stress induction. The session ended with a 5-min recovery period during which participants were randomly allocated into 3 conditions: app-based breathing (BioBase), mindfulness body scan, or control. Subjective tension was assessed at the end of each period. Results Subjective tension significantly increased following stress induction. HRV significantly decreased following the stress period. In the recovery phase, the root mean square of successive RR interval differences (P=.002), the percentage of successive RR intervals that differed by >50 ms (P=.008), and high frequency (P=.01) were significantly higher in the BioBase breathing condition than in the mindfulness body scan and the control groups. Conclusions Biofeedback breathing interventions digitally delivered through a commercially available app can be effective in facilitating stress recovery among employees. These findings contribute to the mobile health literature on the beneficial effects of brief app-based breathing interventions on employees’ cardiovascular health.