Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review: Safety and Efﬁcacy of Extended-Duration Antiviral Chemoprophylaxis Against Pandemic and Seasonal Inﬂuenza

Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are stockpiled inter-nationally for extended use in an influenza pandemic. To the among those who took oseltamivir (RR, 1.48 [CI, 1.86 to 2.33]; RD, 1.7 percentage points [CI, 0.6 to 2.9 percentage points]). Prevention of influenza did not statistically significantly differ between zanamivir and oseltamivir. Limitations: All trials were industry-sponsored. No study was powered to detect rare adverse events, and none included diverse racial groups, children, immunocompromised patients, or individuals who received live attenuated influenza virus vaccine. Conclusion: Extended-duration zanamivir and oseltamivir chemoprophylaxis seems to be highly efficacious for preventing symptomatic influenza among immunocompetent white and Japanese adults. Extended-duration oseltamivir is associated with increased nausea and vomiting. Safety and efficacy in several subpopulations that might receive extended-duration influenza chemoprophylaxis are unknown.
Human gait recognition with cane assistive device using quadratic time–frequency distributions

In this study, the authors consider the problem of human gait recognition in the presence of a walking cane using radars. Quadratic time-frequency distributions are used to provide the local signal behaviour over frequency and to detail the changes in the Doppler and micro-Doppler signatures over time. New features that capture the intrinsic differences in the time-frequency signatures of the gait observed with and without the use of a cane are proposed. The results based on real data experiments conducted in a laboratory environment are provided that validate the effectiveness of the proposed features in discriminating gait with cane from normal human gait.
Heterogeneity of Bioﬁlms Formed by Nonmucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Bioﬁlms are thought to play a key role in the occurrence of lung infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic ﬁbrosis (CF). In this study, 20 nonmucoid P. aeruginosa isolates collected during different periods of chronic infection from eight CF patients were assessed with respect to phenotypic changes and in vitro bioﬁlm formation. The physiological alterations were associated with a loss of motility (35% were nonmotile) and with decreased production of virulence factors (pyocyanin, proteases) and quorum-sensing molecules (45% of the isolates were unable to produce 3-O-C 12 -homoserine lactone quorum-sensing mole-cules). Compared with wild-type strain PAO1, most P. aeruginosa isolates demonstrated different degrees of reduction of adherence on polystyrene surfaces. The in vitro bioﬁlm formation of isolates was investigated in a hydrodynamic ﬂow system. Confocal laser scanning microscope analysis showed that the bioﬁlm structures of the P. aeruginosa isolates were highly variable in biomass and morphology. Bioﬁlm development of six genotypically identical sequential isolates recovered from a particular patient at different time points of chronic infection (20 years) and after lung transplantation demonstrated signiﬁcant changes in bioﬁlm architectures. P. aeruginosa bioﬁlm formation followed a trend of decreased adherence with progression of the chronic lung infection. The results suggest that the adherent characteristic of in vitro bioﬁlm development was not essential for the longitudinal survival of nonmucoid P. aeruginosa during chronic lung colonization. were streaked onto LB plates with gentamicin and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. A single colony was used for inoculation of 10 ml 10% LB medium. The cultures were incubated at 30°C overnight; cultures diluted in sterile 0.9% NaCl to an OD 600 of 0.001 were used for inoculation of the ﬂow channels. A Watson- Marlow 205S peristaltic pump was used to keep the medium ﬂow at a constant rate of 3 ml h (cid:2) 1 . Image acquisition and analysis. All microscopic observations were performed on a Zeiss LSM510 scanning confocal laser microscope (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Ger- many) equipped with an argon laser and detector and ﬁlter sets for monitoring of gfp expression (excitation, 488 nm; emission, 517 nm). Images were obtained by using a 40 (cid:3) /1.3 Plan-Neoﬂuar oil objective. Multichannel simulated ﬂuores-cence projection (a shadow projection) image and vertical cross section through the bioﬁlm were generated by using the IMARIS software package (Bitplane AG, Zurich, Switzerland) running on a personal computer. The images were further processed for display by using PhotoShop software (Adobe, Mountain View, Calif.).
(cid:97) -MSH potentiates the responsiveness of mammotropes by increasing Ca 2 (cid:49) entry

-MSH potentiates the responsiveness of mammotropes by increasing Ca 2 (cid:49) entry. Am. J. Physiol. 274 ( Endocrinol. Metab. 37): E971– E977, 1998. —It is well known that the suckling stimulus renders mammotropes considerably more responsive to prolactin (PRL)-releasing stimuli, and the neurointermediate lobe peptide (cid:97) -melanocyte-stimulating hormone ( (cid:97) -MSH) has been proposed to play a pivotal role in this priming. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether (cid:97) -MSH could act directly on pituitary cells to potentiate PRL release in response to two physiologically relevant PRL secretagogues, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and ATP, and, if so, to identify the mechanism by which this priming phenomenon is manifested. To this end, we cultured anterior pituitary cells from lactating rats overnight and then subjected them to a reverse hemolytic plaque assay for PRL to evaluate their responses to various test agents. We found that (cid:97) -MSH, which had no effect on PRL export when tested alone, augmented by more than threefold the secretory responses to TRH and ATP. Next, we utilized digital-imaging ﬂuorescence microscopy of fura 2 to evaluate the role of intracellular Ca 2 (cid:49) in this process. We found that PRL export induced by pharmacological activation of L-type voltage-operated calcium channels was also potentiated by (cid:97) -MSH, as was Ca 2 (cid:49) entry induced by TRH. Our results indicate that (cid:97) -MSH acts as a mammotrope-priming agent on a subset of mammotropes by increasing Ca 2 (cid:49) entry induced by PRL secretagogues.
RoCoF-Constrained Scheduling Incorporating Non-Synchronous Residential Demand Response

Demand response has the potential to provide a multitude of operating reserve categories. However, if integrated at scale, the non-synchronous nature of most demand response sources must be recognized within the operational rules of low inertia power systems. Here, a candidate non-synchronous reserve resource is considered within the scheduling and frequency stability time frames. It is shown that a detrimental impact on the post-contingency rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) can arise—potentially requiring the development of system operator policies to ensure that security standards are not compromised—as the volume of reserve available from non-synchronous resources increases. A commitment-and-dispatch RoCoF constraint within scheduling procedures is proposed, which is independently verified using time domain simulations.
An Omni-Protection Scheme for Class-D Amplifiers

— Class-D amplifier has been a popular device because it features very high power efficiency. However, with increasing power demand, the over-current/-voltage/-temperature protections of amplifiers are necessary to prevent over-heated damage caused by consuming large power consumption over a long time. This paper thus presents the method to dynamically reduce the total power loss of class-D amplifier according to the feedback signal of temperature sensor. The proposed scheme simultaneously reduces the static and dynamic power loss by lowering current delivery progressively and enabling parts of segmented power stages that are in need of conduction. The simulation results show that the total power loss (i.e. excessive heat) and relative temperature difference on chip packages can be reduced to 5.8% of the maximum value that is 12% improvement than that of conventional design. Moreover, the corresponding improvement on power efficiency is over 19% for the cases of small modulation indexes which demonstrates the effectiveness of proposed scheme.
Effects of 2,4-Dinitrophenol and Other Metabolic Inhibitors on the Thermograms of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells Registered with a Microcalorimeter1

The heat produced by Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells was measured microcalorimetrically to investigate the characteristics of the energetics of these cells. 2,4-Dinitrophenol and other inhibitors were used to obtain the standard thermograms. The heat level of starved Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells (endoge nous) was almost constant and linear and depended on the cell number used in the experiments (about 1 cal/1 x 10" cells/hr). The endogenous heat generation was suppressed strongly by potassium cyanide but not by iodoacetic acid or 2,4-dinitrophe-nol. On the other hand, heat evolution was directly related to the amount of glucose added to the medium but not to the number of cells (19 cal/mmol of glucose). The addition of iodoacetic acid markedly suppressed heat generation, but potassium cyanide did not. In contrast, glucose with dinitrophenol increased heat production markedly to about 10% higher than that of the control, possibly due to the uncoupled energy from oxidative phosphorylation. Malonic acid (1 mw) suppressed slightly the endogenous heat but caused a 15% reduction in exogenous heat. The amount of heat produced by the addition of glucose (19 cal/mmol) was equivalent to 40% of the theoretical value of energy released through glycolysis (47 cal/mmol). Thus, the heat produced by exogenous glucose appears to be mainly depend ent on glycolysis.
The Tobacco A-Type Cyclin , Nicta ; CYCA 3 ; 2 , at the Nexus of Cell Division and Differentiation

Although most of the components of the cell cycle machinery are conserved in all eukaryotes, plants differ strikingly from animals by the absence of a homolog of E-type cyclin, an important regulator involved in G1/S-checkpoint control in animals. By contrast, plants contain a complex range of A-type cyclins, with no fewer than 10 members in Arabidopsis. We previously identified the tobacco A-type cyclin Nicta;CYCA3;2 as an early G1/S-activated gene. Here, we show that antisense expression of Nicta;CYCA3;2 in tobacco plants induces defects in embryo formation and impairs callus formation from leaf explants. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)–Nicta;CYCA3;2 fusion protein was localized in the nucleoplasm. Transgenic tobacco plants overproducing GFP-Nicta;CYCA3;2 could not be regenerated from leaf disc transformation, whereas some transgenic Arabidopsis plants were obtained by the floral-dip transformation method. Arabidopsis plants that overproduce GFP-Nicta;CYCA3;2 showed reduced cell differentiation and endoreplication and a dramatically modified morphology. Calli regenerated from leaf explants of these transgenic Arabidopsis plants were defective in shoot and root regeneration. We propose that Nicta;CYCA3;2 has important functions, analogous to those of cyclin E in animals, in the control of plant cell division and differentiation.
Simultaneous Quantiﬁcation of Epstein-Barr Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Human Herpesvirus 6 DNA in Samples from Transplant Recipients by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay (cid:1)

We developed a multiplex real-time PCR assay using 6-carboxyﬂuorescein, 6-carboxy-4 (cid:1) ,5 -dichloro-2 (cid:1) ,7 (cid:1) -dimethoxyﬂuorescein, and carbocyanine 5-labeled probes to simultaneously quantify Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) DNA. When previously tested and stored DNA samples were examined, results of the multiplex real-time PCR assay were as sensitive and speciﬁc as those of a single real-time PCR assay. The multiplex assay was used to quantify the EBV, CMV, and HHV-6 DNA in 46 transplant recipients. A total of 303 whole-blood and plasma specimens were collected and analyzed. According to the results of the multiplex assay, the detection rates for viral DNA in whole blood and plasma were 23.8% and 5.9% for EBV, 11.2% and 5.3% for CMV, and 12.5% and 2.0% for HHV-6, respectively. All forms of viral DNA were detected more frequently in whole blood than in plasma. During the symptomatic period, EBV DNA was detected in all whole-blood specimens but not in all plasma specimens. Furthermore, the EBV DNA load in whole blood was higher during the symptomatic period than during the asymptomatic period, whereas the EBV DNA load in plasma was similar for both periods. These results demonstrate that whole blood is more suitable for the quantiﬁcation of EBV DNA in transplant patients. However, a cutoff value with clinical relevance still needs to be determined.
Controlling the fluid-fluid mixing-demixing phase transition with electric fields

Various properties of a material (viscosity, refractive index, etc.) can dramatically change after a phase transition. Investigating exactly when and how this change occurs potentially elucidates the dominant molecular forces working within the material, thus fueling significant scientific interest. Similarly, the analysis of idealized molecular models provides a framework for predicting the behavior of real, and often more complicated, materials. Understanding phase behavior is not just limited to fundamental research, as the ability to switch on or off various desirable properties with a simple “turn of the knob” can lead to interesting technological applications. Traditionally, intrinsic thermodynamic variables, such as temperature or pressure, act as the “knobs” that control phases. However, the application of external fields such as gravitational, magnetic, and electric fields, can play an equally vital roll since
HARMFUL EFFECT OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS USED IN AGRICULTURE ON THE HUMAN HEALTH

Recently, it was observed an increased usage of microtubules-depolymerizing agents, such as pesticides and anti-fungal or antiparasitic compounds to help the production of the agriculture products. All these chemical compounds are used in agriculture and have a destroying effect on human health, leading on the appearance of neurodegenerative diseases. For this reason, many researches are focused on the understanding in detail the correlation between the general mechanism of action for pesticides and microtubules deploymerization process which is present in the human cell. In this paper, we present the analysis of the mechanism involved in depolymerizing of the microtubules structure through molecular dynamic simulations. This mechanism is time dependent and contributes to the deterioration of the neuronal transport carried-out by the kinesin and microtubules, leading to a miss carriage of the Ca + ions to the nerve synapse. Aided by molecular dynamics simulations, the health monitoring of the microtubules is carried out by measuring the evolution of some mechanical parameters which characterize the integrity of the microtubules and their capacity to be transporters for the neuronal signs.
A Natural Vibrio parahaemolyticus (cid:2) pirA Vp pirB Vp (cid:3) Mutant Kills Shrimp but Produces neither Pir Vp Toxins nor Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Lesions

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) of shrimp is caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates (VP AHPND isolates) that harbor a pVA plasmid encoding toxins PirA Vp and PirB Vp . These are released from VP AHPND isolates that colonize the shrimp stomach and produce pathognomonic AHPND lesions (massive sloughing of hepatopancreatic tubule epithelial cells). PCR results indicated pathognomonic cause death by massive sloughing of hepatopancreatic tubule epithelial cells (patho-gnomonic AHPND lesions). V. parahaemolyticus isolate XN87 harbors a mutant pVA plasmid that produces no Pir toxins and does not cause AHPND lesions but still causes (cid:2) 50% shrimp mortality. Such isolates may cause a portion of the mortality in ponds experiencing an outbreak of EMS that is not ascribed to VP AHPND . Thus, they pose to shrimp farmers an additional threat that would be missed by current testing for VP AHPND . Moribund shrimp from ponds experiencing an outbreak of EMS that ex-hibit collapsed hepatopancreatic tubule epithelial cells can serve as indicators for the possible presence of such isolates, which can then be conﬁrmed by additional PCR tests for the presence of a pVA plasmid. describes an isolate of V. owensii that causes AHPND and has a pVA plasmid that carries both the pirA Vp and pirB Vp genes. That article also presented the results of an extensive in silico analysis of pVA plasmids containing the composite transposon that the authors named pirAB -Tn 903 (which is identical to the Tn 6264 composite transposon described above) and of pVA-related plasmids in the V. harveyi clade (pVH). None of these mutants included one with a transposable element inserted within the pirAB Vp gene region. reactions proceeded into PCR thermocycling, as described above under “PCR ampliﬁcation methods,” except the extension time at 72°C was adjusted to 1 min/kb. Additionally, the template RNA was subjected to PCR analysis using an established pirAB Vp duplex PCR protocol (10) to ensure that the RNA used did not contain any contaminating DNA for the targeted toxins. sequence PCR and RT-PCR amplicon bands gel puriﬁed Favorgen gel/PCR puriﬁcation pGEM-T Easy cloning (Promega) plasmids sequenced 1st BASE Pte Ltd. homology and ExPASy web tools, promoter regions and transcription termination predicted BPROM (29) ARNold (30) web
Robust 𝐻 ∞ control applied on a fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle

The implementation of a robust H ∞ Control, which is numerically efficient for uncertain nonlinear dynamics, on longitudinal and lateral autopilots is realised for a quarter scale Piper J3-Cub model accepted as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) under the condition of sensor noise and disturbance effects. The stability and control coefficients of the UAV are evaluated through XFLR5 software, which utilises a vortex lattice method at a pre-defined flight condition. After that, the longitudinal trim point is computed, and the linearization process is performed at this trim point. The “ 𝜇 -Synthesis”-based robust H ∞ control algorithm for roll, pitch and yaw displacement autopilots are developed for both longitudinal and lateral linearised nonlinear dynamics. Controller performances, closed-loop frequency responses, nominal and perturbed system responses are obtained under the conditions of disturbance and sensor noise. The simulation results indicate that the proposed control scheme achieves robust performance and guarantees stability under exogenous disturbance and measurement noise effects and model uncertainty.
Structure/function study of Lewis a 3- and a 3/4-fucosyltransferases: the a 1,4 fucosylation requires an aromatic residue in the acceptor-binding domain

All vertebrate a 3- and a 3/4-FUTs possess the characteristic acceptor-binding motif VxxHH(W/R)(D/E). FUT6 and FUTb enzymes, harboring R in the acceptor-binding motif, transfer fucose in a 1,3 linkage, whereas FUT3 and FUT5 enzymes with W at the candidate position can also transfer fucose in a 1,4 linkage—FUT3 being more efficient than FUT5. To determine the involvement of the W/R residue in acceptor recognition, we produced 34 variants of human FUT3, FUT5, FUT6, and ox FUTb Lewis enzymes. Among the FUT3 variants where W 111 was replaced by the other amino acids, only enzymes with an aromatic residue at the candidate position kept about 50% of a 1,4 activity and showed no changes in K m values for GDP-Fuc donor and H-type 1 acceptor substrates. All other substitutions produced enzymes with less than 20% of the a 1,4 activity. Thus the ability of a 3/4-FUTs to recognize type 1 substrates involves the aromatic character of W in the acceptor-binding domain. The a 1,3 activity of FUT6 and FUTb significantly decreased when their R residue was substituted by basic or charged residues. Moreover, FUT3 and FUT5 variants with W ! R substitution had a better affinity for H-type 2 substrate and higher a 1,3 activities. Therefore the optimal fucose addition in a 1,3 linkage requires the R residue in the acceptor-binding motif of Lewis FUTs.
Radiolabeled RGD Uptake and (cid:1) v Integrin Expression Is Enhanced in Ischemic Murine Hindlimbs

Radiolabeled RGD peptides that target (cid:1) v (cid:2) 3 integrin are promising tracers for imaging tumor angiogenesis. Integrins and angiogenesis also play important roles in healing of ischemic lesions. Thus, we investigated the biodistribution of radiolabeled RGD and expression of (cid:1) v integrin in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. Methods: 125 I-3-Iodo- D -Tyr 4 -cyclo(-Arg-Gly-Asp- D -Tyr-Val-) ( 125 I-c(RGD(I)yV)) was synthesized and tested for endothelial binding. Hindlimb ischemia was induced in ICR mice through femoral artery ablation, and perfusion was measured with laser Doppler blood ﬂowmetry. 125 I-c(RGD(I)yV) biodistribution was evaluated in control animals ( n (cid:3) 7) and ischemic models on day 3, 8, or 14 ( n (cid:3) 6 each). Control experiments were performed using a radiolabeled peptide with a scrambled amino acid sequence ( 125 I-GfVGV). Microsections of hindlimb tissue were immunostained for (cid:1) v integrin expression and stained with alkaline phosphatase to localize vascular endothelial cells. Results: 125 I-c(RGD(I)yV) retained speciﬁc binding to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Perfusion in ischemic hindlimbs immediately fell to 10% (cid:4) 4% of contralateral levels and gradually recovered to 22% (cid:4) 11% and 64% (cid:4) 9% on days 8 and 14, respectively. 125 I-c(RGD(I)yV) uptake in ischemic muscles signiﬁcantly increased from a control level of 0.16 (cid:4) 0.05 %ID/g (percentage injected dose per gram of tissue) to 0.85 (cid:4) 0.76 %ID/g at day 3, 0.43 (cid:4) 0.23 %ID/g at day 8, and 0.43 (cid:4) 0.28 %ID/g at day 14 (all P (cid:5) 0.05). Ischemic muscle-to-lung count ratios had a virtually identical trend: 0.42 (cid:4) 0.25 for controls, 2.34 (cid:4) 1.70 at day 3 ( P (cid:5) 0.02), 1.46 (cid:4) 0.52 at day 8 ( P (cid:5) 0.001), and 1.39 (cid:4) 0.94 at day 14 ( P (cid:5) 0.02). In contrast, uptake of the control peptide in ischemic hindlimbs was not different from that of controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed substantially increased (cid:1) v integrin staining in ischemic hindlimb tissue. Conclusion: Radioiodine RGD uptake is signiﬁcantly enhanced in ischemic hindlimbs of a mouse model, and is accompanied by an increase in (cid:1) v integrin expression. Further investigation is thus warranted to illuminate the potential role of radiolabeled RGD for noninvasive monitoring of peripheral ischemic lesions. Med
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics: A Meshfree Particle Method

SPH Concept and Essential Formulation Constructing Smoothing Functions SPH for General Dynamic Fluid Flows Discontinuous SPH (DSPH) SPH for Simulating Explosions SPH for Underwater Explosion Shock Simulation SPH for Hydrodynamics with Material Strength Coupling SPH with Molecular Dynamics for Multiple Scale Simulations Computer Implementation of SPH and a 3D SPH Code.
Private Money and Equilibrium Liquidity (cid:3)

PRELIMINARY: PLEASE DO NOT CIRCULATE Can creation of private money by (cid:133)nancial intermediaries ful(cid:133)ll the liquidity needs of the economy? The answer is no if the market is run only by forces of free competition. Multiple equilibria are possible: equilibria with complete satiation of liquidity and absence of default coexists with ones characterized by shortages and partial default. In this framework, capital requirements, distortions to demand or supply of private money, and the role of public liquidity are investigated.