Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for primary health care-based telemental health in a low-to middle-income country: the case of Lebanon

Abstract Significant efforts have been conducted to improve access to Mental Health Services (MHS) and reduce the burden of Mental Health Disorders (MHD) in Low-to Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). However, important challenges to accessing MHS still exist and limit improvements. Telemental Health (TMH), a modality that delivers remote MHS provides an ideal solution to complement existing efforts; however, there are limited reports on its implementation in developing countries such as Lebanon. This study presents the first roadmap for TMH applicability in Lebanon, with a focus on the Primary Health Care (PHC) setting, which has international relevance. We review existing guidelines and contextualise them to the Lebanese setting by addressing essential components for implementation. In specific, we shed light on 6 aspects: (1) patient population, (2) technological guidelines, (3) clinical guidelines, (4) administrative guidelines, (5) workforce, and (6) monitoring and evaluation. In addition, we acknowledge the important role of governmental efforts in setting the infrastructural and regulatory aspects for TMH practice. We provide guidance for public health professionals, government officials, and clinicians looking to adopt TMH practice in Lebanon or other countries with similar development and cultural landscapes.
Detection of Exogenous Sugars or Organic Acids Addition in Pineapple Juices and Concentrates by 13C IRMS Analysis

When pineapple concentrate is adulterated, organic acids are often added to “naturalize” the chemical composition. To improve isotopic methods devoted to the study of pineapple product authenticity, three major components (sugars, malic acid, and citric acid) have been used as individual probes for the determination of carbon-13 isotope ratios. After a cleanup step, sugars and organic acids were separated from each other by an anion exchange process, and pure malic and citric acids were isolated by preparative reversed-phase HPLC. This method has been applied to the stable isotope analysis of pineapple juice samples from different locations and production years . A correlation between the carbon isotope ratios of sugars and organic acids has been observed, and cutoff points concerning the difference of δ13C values between those metabolites have been defined. In the case of the addition of sugar from C3 plants (such as beet), it has been demonstrated that the detection limit can be as low as 10% or even 5%.
A head-to-head comparison of speckle tracking echocardiography and feature tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in right ventricular deformation

Abstract Aims Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and feature tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (FT-CMR) are advanced imaging techniques which are both used for quantification of global and regional myocardial strain. Direct comparisons of STE and FT-CMR regarding right ventricular (RV) strain analysis are limited. We aimed to study clinical performance, correlation and agreement of RV strain by these techniques, using arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) as a model for RV disease. Methods and results We enrolled 110 subjects, including 34 patients with definite ARVC, 30 preclinical relatives of ARVC patients, and 46 healthy control subjects. Global and regional RV longitudinal peak strain (PS) were measured by STE and FT-CMR. Both modalities showed reduced strain values in ARVC patients compared to ARVC relatives (STE global PS: P < 0.001; FT-CMR global PS: P < 0.001) and reduced strain values in ARVC relatives compared to healthy control subjects (STE global PS: P = 0.042; FT-CMR global PS: P = 0.084). There was a moderate, albeit significant correlation between RV strain values obtained by STE and FT-CMR [global PS r = 0.578 (95% confidence interval 0.427–0.697), P < 0.001]. Agreement between the techniques was weak (limits of agreement for global PS: ±11.8%). Correlation and agreement both deteriorated when regional strain was studied. Conclusion RV STE and FT-CMR show a similar trend within the spectrum of ARVC and have significant correlation, but inter-modality agreement is weak. STE and FT-CMR may therefore both individually have added value for assessment of RV function, but RV PS values obtained by these techniques currently cannot be used interchangeably in clinical practice.
Biotransformation of Linoleic Acid into Hydroxy Fatty Acids and Carboxylic Acids Using a Linoleate Double Bond Hydratase as Key Enzyme

Hydroxy fatty acids are used as starting materials for the production of secondary metabolites and signalling molecules as well as in the manufacture of industrial fine chemicals. However, these compounds are usually difficult to produce from renewable biomass by chemical means. In this study, linoleate double bond hydratases of Lactobacillus acidophilus NBRC 13951 were cloned for the first time. These enzymes were highly specific for the hydration of the C-9 or the C-12 double bond of unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., linoleic acid). Thereby, the enzymes allowed the selective production of hydroxy fatty acids such as 13-hydroxy-cis-9-octadecenoic acid and 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid from linoleic acid. In addition, the hydroxy fatty acids were further converted into industrially relevant carboxylic acids (e.g., 12-hydroxy-cis-9-dodecenoic acid, α,ω-tridec-9-enedioic acid) and lactones (i.e., δ-decalactone, γ-dodecelactone) via whole-cell biocatalysis using an enzyme cascade. This study thus contributes to the preparation of hydroxy fatty acids, unsaturated carboxylic acids, and lactones from renewable unsaturated fatty acids.
High frequencies of theropod bite marks provide evidence for feeding, scavenging, and possible cannibalism in a stressed Late Jurassic ecosystem

Bite marks provide direct evidence for trophic interactions and competition in the fossil record. However, variations in paleoecological dynamics, such as trophic relationships, feeding behavior, and food availability, govern the frequency of these traces. Theropod bite marks are particularly rare, suggesting that members of this clade might not often focus on bone as a resource, instead preferentially targeting softer tissues. Here, we present an unusually large sample of theropod bite marks from the Upper Jurassic Mygatt-Moore Quarry (MMQ). We surveyed 2,368 vertebrate fossils from MMQ in this analysis, with 684 specimens (28.885% of the sample) preserving at least one theropod bite mark. This is substantially higher than in other dinosaur-dominated assemblages, including contemporaneous localities from the Morrison Formation. Observed bite marks include punctures, scores, furrows, pits, and striations. Striated marks are particularly useful, diagnostic traces generated by the denticles of ziphodont teeth, because the spacing of these features can be used to provide minimum estimates of trace maker size. In the MMQ assemblage, most of the striations are consistent with denticles of the two largest predators known from the site: Allosaurus and Ceratosaurus. One of the bite marks suggests that a substantially larger theropod was possibly present at the site and are consistent with large theropods known from other Morrison Formation assemblages (either an unusually large Allosaurus or a separate, large-bodied taxon such as Saurophaganax or Torvosaurus). The distribution of the bite marks on skeletal elements, particularly those found on other theropods, suggest that they potentially preserve evidence of scavenging, rather than active predation. Given the relative abundances of the MMQ carnivores, partnered with the size-estimates based on the striated bite marks, the feeding trace assemblage likely preserves the first evidence of cannibalism in Allosaurus.
Pediatric Palliative Care in a Pandemic: Role Obligations, Moral Distress, and the Care You Can Give

Limited resources during the pandemic may affect patients in PPC and their families, and providers may experience resultant moral distress; we suggest some coping strategies. Many ethical issues arise concerning the care of critically ill and dying patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this issue’s Ethics Rounds, we present 2 cases that highlight 2 different sorts of ethical issues. One is focused on the decisions that have to be made when the surge of patients with respiratory failure overwhelm ICUs. The other is focused on the psychological issues that arise for parents who are caring for a dying child when infection-control policies limit the number of visitors. Both of these situations raise challenges for caregivers who are trying to be honest, to deal with their own moral distress, and to provide compassionate palliative care.
ESTUDIO DE LA GERMINACIÓN DE ONONIS TRIDENTATA L.

Germination study of Ononis tridentata L. Germination behavieur of seeds of Ononis tridentata L. , an endemic taxon in the Community Valenciana, was evaluated follouing scarification treatments (H2SO4 and clorox) at constant temperatures. Best results were obtained with the control treatment.
A Comparative Morphometric Analysis of Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 and C. irroratus Say, 1817 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Cancridae) in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean

ABSTRACT The distributions of Cancer borealis and Cancer irroratus are analyzed, a record of C. borealis from Bermuda is confirmed, and new records of C. irroratus from Haiti are reported. Important morphological characters from the carapace were selected and tested for significant differences across latitude and depth gradients. One-way analysis of variance was used to test for significance. Least square means technique with Tukey—Kramer statistics was used to examine the differences between character measurement means. Northern (above 41°N) and southern (below 30°N) groups of C. borealis showed significant (P < 0.05) differences from mid-latitude groups in carapace and chelae measurement means. In C. irroratus, northern (above 38°N) and southern (below 32°N) groups also exhibited significant (P < 0.05) differences from mid-latitude groups in carapace and chelae measurement means. Discriminant function analysis using morphological diagnostic characters were used effectively to differentiate between the two species.
Readability of Printed Online Education Materials on Pituitary Tumors: Untangling a Web of Complexity

Background Patients are increasingly turning to the internet for health education. Due to the complex pathophysiology, clinic-diagnostic profile, and management spectrum of pituitary tumors, an evaluation of the readability of printed online education materials (POEMs) regarding this entity is warranted. Objective (1) To apply established readability assessment tools to internet search results on the topic of pituitary tumors. (2) To identify sources of complexity in order to guide the creation POEMs that are in line with the reading level of the target audience. Methodology: After independent, neutral internet search for the phrase “pituitary tumor,” the first 100 results were subjected to inclusion criteria matching. Analysis was performed using 5 readability assessment tools including Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Gunning-Fog Score (GFS), Coleman–Liau Index (CLI), and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG). Results A total of 82 websites met inclusion criteria. All websites were found to be at a higher reading level (P < .01) than the United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) recommended sixth-grade level. Mean readability scores were as follows: FRE, 38.79; FKGL, 11.27; GFS, 12.83; CLI, 17.31; SMOG, 12.12. Intergroup comparison between FKGL, GFS, CLI, and SMOG yielded that CLI was significantly higher (P < .03). No significant differences in readability were noted between academic and other websites. Conclusion There is a significant misalignment between the reading level of patients and the readability of pituitary tumor POEMs. This may lead patients to misconceive their diagnoses, management options, and prognosis.
Increased Power and Accuracy of Causal Locus Identification in Increased Power and Accuracy of Causal Locus Identification in Time Series Genome-wide Association in Sorghum1[OPEN] Time Series Genome-wide Association in Sorghum1[OPEN]

The phenotypes of plants develop over time and change in response to the environment. New engineering and computer vision technologies track these phenotypic changes. Identifying the genetic loci regulating differences in the pattern of phenotypic change remains challenging. This study used functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to achieve this aim. Time series phenotype data were collected from a sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) diversity panel using a number of technologies including conventional color photography and hyperspectral imaging. This imaging lasted for 37 d and centered on reproductive transition. A new higher density marker set was generated for the same population. Several genes known to control trait variation in sorghum have been previously cloned and characterized. These genes were not con ﬁ dently identi ﬁ ed in genomewide association analyses at single time points. However, FPCA successfully identi ﬁ ed the same known and characterized genes. FPCA analyses partitioned the role these genes play in controlling phenotypes. Partitioning was consistent with the known molecular function of the individual cloned genes. These data demonstrate that FPCA-based genome-wide association studies can enable robust time series mapping analyses in a wide range of contexts. Moreover, time series analysis can increase the accuracy and power of quantitative genetic analyses. cases could also be identi ﬁ ed as poor ﬁ ts of nonparametric regression curves to the problematic data point relative to its neighbors. The real plant heights from RGB and hyperspectral images were obtained by using the pixel height multiplied by the ratio of the real size and pixel size based on the corresponding zoom level.
Patients' experiences and satisfaction at one year following primary total knee arthroplasty: A focus-group discussion.

OBJECTIVE To date, no study has explored patients' experiences, outcome expectations and satisfaction 1-year post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using focus-group discussion (FGD). The exploration of patients' expectations, functional recovery and limitations may support future modifications and thus improve outcomes post-TKA. METHODS An FGD was conducted with patients at 1-year post-TKA. Moderators led the discussion using a semistructured discussion guide. The discussion was digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed to formulate themes. RESULTS The study identified four main themes: recovery experience post-TKA, experience before TKA, activity of daily living (ADL) changes post-TKA and post-TKA outcome expectations. The recovery experience theme explores the overall experience post-TKA in terms of symptoms and progression issues; their experience with the orthopaedic surgeon and physiotherapy; and the differences between first and second knee replacements. The experience before TKA theme discusses many issues raised by patients that they believed strongly affected TKA outcomes and their satisfaction, such as the referral process, ADL limitations before TKA and their beliefs about post-TKA outcomes. The ADL changes post-TKA theme discusses the diversity of functional improvements, limitations and new functional ability. The outcome expectation theme explores what the patients expected to gain from surgery and the factors that modified those expectations, and whether their expectations were met. CONCLUSIONS Patient attitude, sufficient preoperative education, outcome expectation modification, communication with the surgeon and patients taking an active role in rehabilitation can all affect post-TKA outcomes and satisfaction. Hence, the recommendation is to address all of these issues before TKA to enhance outcomes and patient satisfaction.
Document-Level Biomedical Relation Extraction Using Graph Convolutional Network and Multihead Attention: Algorithm Development and Validation

Background Automatically extracting relations between chemicals and diseases plays an important role in biomedical text mining. Chemical-disease relation (CDR) extraction aims at extracting complex semantic relationships between entities in documents, which contain intrasentence and intersentence relations. Most previous methods did not consider dependency syntactic information across the sentences, which are very valuable for the relations extraction task, in particular, for extracting the intersentence relations accurately. Objective In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end neural network based on the graph convolutional network (GCN) and multihead attention, which makes use of the dependency syntactic information across the sentences to improve CDR extraction task. Methods To improve the performance of intersentence relation extraction, we constructed a document-level dependency graph to capture the dependency syntactic information across sentences. GCN is applied to capture the feature representation of the document-level dependency graph. The multihead attention mechanism is employed to learn the relatively important context features from different semantic subspaces. To enhance the input representation, the deep context representation is used in our model instead of traditional word embedding. Results We evaluate our method on CDR corpus. The experimental results show that our method achieves an F-measure of 63.5%, which is superior to other state-of-the-art methods. In the intrasentence level, our method achieves a precision, recall, and F-measure of 59.1%, 81.5%, and 68.5%, respectively. In the intersentence level, our method achieves a precision, recall, and F-measure of 47.8%, 52.2%, and 49.9%, respectively. Conclusions The GCN model can effectively exploit the across sentence dependency information to improve the performance of intersentence CDR extraction. Both the deep context representation and multihead attention are helpful in the CDR extraction task.
A memory of eS25 loss drives resistance phenotypes

Abstract In order to maintain cellular protein homeostasis, ribosomes are safeguarded against dysregulation by myriad processes. Remarkably, many cell types can withstand genetic lesions of certain ribosomal protein genes, some of which are linked to diverse cellular phenotypes and human disease. Yet the direct and indirect consequences from these lesions are poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we studied in vitro and cellular consequences that follow genetic knockout of the ribosomal proteins RPS25 or RACK1 in a human cell line, as both proteins are implicated in direct translational control. Prompted by the unexpected detection of an off-target ribosome alteration in the RPS25 knockout, we closely interrogated cellular phenotypes. We found that multiple RPS25 knockout clones display viral- and toxin-resistance phenotypes that cannot be rescued by functional cDNA expression, suggesting that RPS25 loss elicits a cell state transition. We characterized this state and found that it underlies pleiotropic phenotypes and has a common rewiring of gene expression. Rescuing RPS25 expression by genomic locus repair failed to correct for the phenotypic and expression hysteresis. Our findings illustrate how the elasticity of cells to a ribosome perturbation can drive specific phenotypic outcomes that are indirectly linked to translation and suggests caution in the interpretation of ribosomal protein gene mutation data.
Towards Nucleotide Prodrugs Derived from 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)malonate and Its Congeners: Hydrolytic Cleavage of 2-Cyano-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl and 3-(Alkylamino)-2-cyano-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxopropyl Protections from the Internucleosidic Phosphodiester and Phosphorothioate Linkage

Thymidylyl-(3′5′)-thymidine (TpT) and its stereoisomeric phosphoromonothioate analogs [P(R)]- and [P(S)]-Tp(s)T having the phosphate or thiophosphate linkage protected with a 2-cyano-2-{[(4,4′-dimethoxytrityl)oxy]methyl}-3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group (see 5a,b), as well as [P(R)]-Tp(s)T bearing a S-(2-cyano-2-{[(4,4′-dimethoxytrityl)oxy]methyl}-3-oxo-3-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]propyl) protection (see 5c), were prepared. The kinetics of the cleavage of the protecting group from the corresponding detritylated compounds 6a–c was studied over a pH range from 2 to 7. All compounds undergo a hydroxide-ion-catalyzed reaction that releases the unprotected TpT (7a) or Tp(s)T (7b), in all likelihood by departure of the hydroxymethyl group as formaldehyde and concomitant elimination of the phosphodiester or phosphorothioate from the resulting carbanion. The half-life for the deprotection of 6a and 6b is ca. 6 s at pH 7 and 25°, and that of 6cca. 600 s. The reasonably fast release of Tp(s)T from 6c offers a novel method for temporary intrachain attachment of peptides to oligonucleotides to enhance the cellular uptake.
Spatiotemporal changes in microphytobenthos assemblages in a macrotidal flat (Bourgneuf Bay,France) 1

Spatiotemporal changes in microphytobenthos species composition were investigated in relation to structural variables—biomass; life‐forms; detritus ratio, pheopigment a (pheo a):chl a; and sediment characteristics—at mesoscale in a shellfish macrotidal ecosystem. To characterize algae assemblages, multivariate analyses were performed (multidimensional scaling [MDS] ordination and clustering), supported by correlations between structural variables. Microphytobenthos, dominated by 97% diatoms belonging to 89 taxa, was constituted by two main assemblages: The first one, composed of common species (occurrence >50%), mainly nanobenthic (size <30 μm) and epipsammic (sand‐fixed cells), was associated with mixed sediments. The major species contributing to this assemblage were Navicula perminuta, Achnanthes hauckiana, Fallacia tenera, A. lanceolata var. elleptica, Amphora spp. , Plagiogrammopsis vanheurkii, and Plagiogramma tenuissimum (see Table 2 for taxonomic authors). Species diversity was high (N1∼ 11), often linked to high biomass values (>70 mg chl a · m−2) and low detritus ratio. Conversely, the second assemblage comprised occasional species (occurrence from 10% to 50%), mainly microbenthic (>30 μm) and epipelic (moving cells), occurring during summer at muddy sites. This assemblage, characterized by low diversity, high biomass variability, and high detritus ratio, was dominated by Scolioneis tumida or Plagiotropis vitrea and Navicula spartinetensis. Whereas hydrodynamics globally explained the gradual assemblage changes throughout the entire mudflat and the year, oyster beds and ridge and runnel features appeared to be local spatial structuring factors allowing the establishment of specific assemblages. This study suggests a significant role for epipsammon biomass, until now underestimated, in the functioning of this turbid coastal ecosystem.
KATP channels modulate cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery during isocapnic hypoxia in humans

ATP‐sensitive K+ (KATP) channels mediate hypoxia‐induced cerebral vasodilatation and hyperperfusion in animals. We tested whether KATP channels blockade affects the increase in human cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the maintenance of oxygen delivery (CDO2) during hypoxia. Hypoxia‐induced increases in the anterior circulation and total cerebral perfusion were attenuated under KATP channels blockade affecting the relative changes of brain oxygen delivery. Therefore, in humans, KATP channels activation modulates the vascular tone in the anterior circulation of the brain, contributing to CBF and CDO2 responses to hypoxia.