Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Social Connectedness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Sports and E-Sports Players

Recently, the pandemic context in which the world finds itself has inspired studies that sought to evaluate to mental health and the way people are relating to the purpose of understanding and promoting improvements psychological health. The epidemiological and public health literature shows that social connection protects and promotes mental health, being an important clinical tool for reducing anxiety, depression, and stress. Thinking in the broad sense of connection, that is, feeling and perceiving oneself connected with the environment, applied to the context of sport, it is suggested that social connection could be related to the interactions in the practice of sport. Although playing sports can promote mental health, there are few findings on the topic in the context of a pandemic and with physical sports and electronic sports (e-sports) players. In this sense, the present study aims to assess the extent to which social connection and mental health indicators are correlated in a sample of sports and e-sports players. The participants were 401 Brazilian physical sports (N = 199, 49.6%) and e-sports players (N = 202, 50.4%), mostly male (53.1%) and single (59.9%), who filled in the Social Connectedness Scale (SCS), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), and demographic questions. The results indicated that social connection was negatively correlated and also predict the anxiety (r = −0.37), depression (r = −0.54), and stress (r = −0.39). When comparing sports and e-sports players, a statistically significant difference was identified in the levels of social connection [t(398) = −3.41; sportsmean (SD) = 4.53 (1.14); e-sportsmean (SD) = 4.14 (1.15)] and depression [t(396) = 2.90; sportsmean (SD) = 1.10 (0.89); e-sportsmean (SD) = 0.85 (0.81)]. These findings can serve as a theoretical basis for the development of intervention programs (e.g., to guide managers regarding the social distancing rules that enable them to keep holding sports practices and events) and promoting discussions that focus on the analysis of aspects promoting psychological health in sports context (physical and e-sports).
Particle Filter for Fault Diagnosis: Applications to Dynamic Positioning Vessels and Underwater Robotics

Safety remains an important consideration in control system design. This is particularly true for the control systems that are employed by the offshore petroleum and maritime industries, in which authorities continually claim to have developed more and more rigorous methods and processes to ensure safety and reliability. In addition to the use of more traditional approaches to conducting redundancy design, backup system design, robust design, and failure mode and effect analysis, these methods often involve the use of fault tolerant design to enhance the safety and reliability of the control system. As a common practice, segregation and redundant design are used for dynamic positioning vessels to isolate faulty components and prevent the propagation of faults. However, many incidents still occur as a result of fault escapes from the segregation on a torpid detection. In more severe cases, false detection can actually cause faults and may result in an even more dangerous situation that has more catastrophic consequences. Hence, precise and timely fault diagnosis is necessary for the operator or the automation system to take appropriate action. This thesis presents a brief overview of the existing fault diagnose methods, with a particular focus on particle-filter-based framework for fault diagnosis. The paper commences with a brief review of the background, theory, and typical features of the particle filter before progressing to examine the relationships and differences between the particle filter and other traditional stochastic filters. Switching mode hidden Markov model were employed to model a system with potential faults and a new methodology that uses a particle filter as fault diagnosis filter was developed. This method was then applied on an underwater robotic, which worked in complex environmental disturbance and suffered from different failure modes. Experimental results from ROV sea trails verified that the new fault diagnosis design is effective and reliable. Some sections of this thesis have been previously published as journal papers and conference papers: • Bo Zhao, Mogens Blanke, and Roger Skjetne. Particle Filter ROV Navigation Using Hydroacoustic Position and Speed Log Measurements. In American Control Conference (ACC), 2012. • Bo Zhao, Mogens Blanke, and Roger Skjetne. Particle Filter-Based FaultTolerant ROV Navigation Using Hydroacoustic Position and Doppler Velocity Measurements. In 9th IFAC Conference on Manoeuvring and Control of Marine Craft, 2012. • Bo Zhao, Skjetne, R. , Blanke, M. , Dukan, F. , “Particle Filter for Fault Diagnosis and Robust Navigation of Underwater Robot,” IEEE Trans. Control Systems Technology, 22:6, 2399-2407, Nov. 2014. • Bo Zhao and Roger Skjetne, “A Unified Framework for Fault Detection and Diagnosis Using Particle Filter,” Modeling, Identification and Control, Vol. 35, No. 4, 2014.
The Modeling and Stability Analysis of Humans Balancing an Inverted Pendulum

The Modeling and Stability Analysis of Humans Balancing an Inverted Pendulum Yaohui Ding The control of an inverted pendulum is a classical problem in dynamics and control theory. Without active control, the inverted pendulum by itself is inherently unstable, thus serving as an ideal platform for control algorithms design and testing. This study utilizes an inverted pendulum setup to investigate the characteristics of human manual control in executing a single‐axial compensatory task. An inverted pendulum with sliding base on a single‐axial rail was built for this purpose. Human subjects were asked to stabilize the pendulum by sliding the base on the rail. To mathematically quantify the characteristics of human manual control, a quasi‐linear lead‐lag with time delay model was chosen for the human operator. The mathematical model for the inverted pendulum was derived using the LaGrange’s method. Using these two models, a simulation of the closed‐loop human‐inverted pendulum system was built in Matlab/Simulink. The stability conditions of the closed‐loop system were derived by applying the Routh‐ Hurwitz stability criterion to the system. This completes the modeling and simulation of the process of humans balancing an inverted pendulum. The Matlab simulation serves as a validation tool in this study. The data of the human subject’s input and the inverted pendulum’s output generated from the simulation were used to estimate the parameters assumed in the mathematical model for the human operator. The estimation algorithm employed is a Kalman filter. Results show that the estimations do converge very quickly to the parameters set in the simulated human controller and can stabilize the inverted pendulum when fed back into the simulation. This verifies the plausibility of the mathematical structure for the human operator and the validity of the estimator. Experimentally, the pendulum’s angle deflections from the vertical position and the human subjects’ hand positions were recorded using a motion capture system called VICON. Using the same estimator developed for processing the simulation data, the collected experimental data were processed to estimate the parameters in the model for the human operator when the human operator actually carries out the task of balancing the inverted pendulum. The estimated parameters from the experimental data were then fed into the simulation model. The characteristics of the human operator were analyzed using the estimated parameters.
1000 and 1500 volts planar devices using field plate and semi-resistive layers: design and fabrication

An improved high-voltage technique based on the use of a field plate combined with semiresistive layers (SIPOS) on oxide is proposed. The field plate and SIPOS are shown to have complementary functions. Junction curvature electric field effects are reduced by the presence of the field plate. The silicon surface potential is linearized by a primary SIPOS layer on oxide, thereby reducing the peak electric field at the edge of the field plate. A second high-resistivity SIPOS layer provides excellent passivation. The use of SIPOS as both a field-linearizing film and passivation permits completion of all chemical vapor depositions in a single reactor run. The complete design and fabrication of high-voltage (1000 and 1500 V) planar transistors are described. <<ETX>>
(HRT): Based on explicit hygroscopicity measurements

The particle hygroscopicity plays a key role in determining the particle deposition in the 18 human respiratory tract (HRT). In this study, the effects of hygroscopicity and mixing state on regional 19 and total deposition doses for children, adults, and elderly were quantified using the Multiple-Path 20 Particle Dosimetry model based on the size-resolved particle hygroscopicity measurements at HRT-like 21 conditions (relative humidity = 98%) performed in the North China Plain. The measured particle 22 population with an external mixing state was dominated by hygroscopic particles (number fraction = 23 (91.5 ± 5.7)%, mean ± standard deviation (SD), the same below). Particle hygroscopic growth in the 24 HRT led to a reduction by around 24% in the total doses of submicron particles for all age groups. Such 25 reduction was mainly caused by the growth of hygroscopic particles and was more pronounced in the 26 pulmonary and tracheobronchial regions. Regardless of hygroscopicity, the elderly group had the 27 highest total dose among the three age groups. With 270 nm in diameter as the boundary, the total 28 deposition doses of particles smaller than this diameter were overestimated and those of larger particles 29 were underestimated assuming no particle hygroscopic growth in the HRT. From the perspective of the 30 daily variation, the deposition rates of hygroscopic particles with an average of (2.88 ± 0.81) × 109 #/h 31
Web Survey Design

Course Description The course focuses on the design of Web survey instruments and procedures. The course covers all aspects of instrument design for Web surveys, including the appropriate use of various input tools (e.g., radio buttons, check boxes) for Web surveys, general formatting and layout issues, movement through the instrument (action buttons, navigation, error messages), and so on. The course draws on empirical results from experiments on alternative design approaches as well as practical experience in the design and implementation of a wide variety of Web surveys. The course also covers the challenges of designing Web surveys for mobile devices (smartphones and tablets), and the collection and use of paradata to evaluate Web survey instruments. The course does not focus on the technical aspects of Web survey implementation, such as hardware, software or programming. It also does not focus on general survey design or questionnaire design – participants are expected to have some familiarity with surveys.
Male and female rats exhibit comparable gaping behavior but activate brain regions differently during expression of conditioned nausea

Twenty-five to fifty percent of patients undergoing chemotherapy will develop anticipatory nausea and vomiting (ANV), in which symptoms occur in anticipation of treatment. ANV is triggered by environmental cues and shows little response to traditional antiemetic therapy, suggesting that unique neural pathways mediate this response. Understanding the underlying neural mechanisms of this disorder is critical to the development of novel therapeutic interventions. The purpose of the present study was to identify brain areas activated during ANV and characterize sex differences in both the behavior and the brain areas activated during ANV. We used a rat model of ANV by pairing a novel context with the emetic drug lithium chloride (LiCl) to produce conditioned nausea behaviors in the LiCl-paired environment. We quantitated gaping, an analog of human vomiting, after acute or repeated LiCl in a unique environment. To identify brain regions associated with gaping, we measured c-fos activation by immunochemical staining after these same treatments. We found that acute LiCl activated multiple brain regions including the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus, central nucleus of the amygdala, nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema, none of which were activated during ANV. ANV activated c-fos expression in the frontal cortex, insula and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of males but not females. These data suggest that therapies such as ondansetron which target the area postrema are not effective in ANV because it is not activated during the ANV response. Further studies aimed at characterizing the neural circuits and cell types that are activated in the conditioned nausea response will help identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of this condition, improving both quality of life and outcomes for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Optimal and novel imaging of the adrenal glands

Purpose of review Adrenal imaging forms an important role in the workup of adrenal masses. The purpose of this review is to briefly review the traditional role of imaging in adrenal diseases and highlight the most recent research and new applications aimed to improve diagnostic accuracy. Recent findings The current review will focus on new applications of computed tomography (CT), MRI and PET/CT imaging, addressing the implications of artificial intelligence and radiomics in progressing diagnostic accuracy. Summary The new applications of adrenal imaging are improving diagnostic accuracy and expanding the role of imaging, particularly with novel PET radiotracers and the use of artificial intelligence.
ME-GCN: Multi-dimensional Edge-Enhanced Graph Convolutional Networks for Abusive Language Detection

Compared to sequential learning models, graph-001 based neural networks exhibit excellent abil-002 ity in capturing global information and have 003 been used for semi-supervised learning tasks, 004 including citation network analysis or text clas-005 sification. Most Graph Convolutional Net-006 works are designed with the single-dimensional 007 edge feature and failed to utilise the rich 008 edge information about graphs. In this 009 paper, we introduce the ME-GCN (Multi-010 dimensional Edge-enhanced Graph Convolu-011 tional Networks) for semi-supervised text clas-012 sification. A text graph for an entire corpus is 013 firstly constructed to describe the undirected 014 and multi-dimensional relationship of word-015 to-word, document-document, and word-to-016 document. The graph is initialised with corpus-017 trained multi-dimensional word and document 018 node representation, and the relations are rep-019 resented according to the distance of those 020 words/documents nodes. Then, the generated 021 graph is trained with ME-GCN, which consid-022 ers the edge features as multi-stream signals, 023 and each stream performs a separate graph con-024 volutional operation. Our ME-GCN can inte-025 grate a rich source of graph edge information of 026 the entire text corpus. The results have demon-027 strated that our proposed model has signifi-028 cantly outperformed the state-of-the-art meth-029 ods across eight benchmark datasets. 030
Localization of a continuous CO2 leak from an isotropic flat-surface structure using acoustic emission detection and near-field beamforming techniques

Seal capacity is of great importance for the safety operation of pressurized vessels. It is crucial to locate the leak hole timely and accurately for reasons of safety and maintenance. This paper presents the principle and application of a linear acoustic emission sensor array and a near-field beamforming technique to identify the location of a continuous CO2 leak from an isotropic flat-surface structure on a pressurized vessel in the carbon capture and storage system. Acoustic signals generated by the leak hole are collected using a linear high-frequency sensor array. Time-frequency analysis and a narrow-band filtering technique are deployed to extract effective information about the leak. The impacts of various factors on the performance of the localization technique are simulated, compared and discussed, including the number of sensors, distance between the leak hole and sensor array and spacing between adjacent sensors. Experiments were carried out on a laboratory-scale test rig to assess the effectiveness and operability of the proposed method. The results obtained suggest that the proposed method is capable of providing accurate and reliable localization of a continuous CO2 leak.
Automatic Generation of Walkable Paths in Buildings to Support Indoor Wayfinding

We have created a prototype system that generates walkable paths in a building using AutoCAD floor plans. Our system is designed to work with the CampusGuide, a commercial indoor navigation system. Path-generation is done once for each floor plan, creating a network of walkable paths between all points of interest. The A* algorithm we have implemented takes roughly fifteen seconds to build paths for a building floor, which is much quicker than what a human can do manually. The error rate is fairly low, but still an issue for commercial use.
Genome-scale metabolic modelling of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978

Figure 1 | 3D Figure of Acinetobacter baumannii. Image source: https://www.hygiene-in-practice.de/ pathogen/acinetobacter-baumannii/ Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, non-motile opportunistic human pathogen with a short rod form (Fig. 1) [1]. It is one of the ESKAPE species (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) [2] that causes severe infections with a high rate of morbidity and death due to its strong survival capacity and widespread habitats. The organism can also rapidly respond to changes in environment [3]. Therefore, it has an extraordinary capacity to develop resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents and antibiotics [4]. The use of antibiotics is often restricted to prevent the development of multidrug resistance in the organism that causes A. baumannii infections. This can also affect the development of other antimicrobials [5]. Coinfection with A. baumannii as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infections has been reported several times in the literature during the COVID-19 pandemic [6, 7, 8]. The strain ATCC 17978 is a clinical isolate from 1951, which was initially known as Moraxella glucidolytica nonliquefaciens [9]. Multiple pathogenicity islands, including as Type IV secretion systems, drug and heavy metal resistance proteins, and mobile elements, are found in its genome, which was sequenced in 2007 [10]. There are presently no models available for A. baumannii ATCC 17978 as of the beginning of this thesis. As a result, building a genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) of A. baumannii ATCC 17978 is of great interest and importance for future research. The new model should assist the researcher to comprehend better Acinetobacter baumannii.
The cylindrical antenna; current and impedance

Formulae (15) and (16) are valid for 0, 0, i.e., for «<1 and thus include those profiles whose thicknesses is less than about 4/5 of their lengths. It may also be noted that in terms of the variable y, the slope, 0(y), and the curvature, dO(y)/ds, for the symmetrical profile may be written as ( 4 tan 7(tans y + (1 + 2«)/«*) Hf) — y — arctan < — > , (27) (4 tan2 y — [tan2 y + (1 + 2e)/ti]2J dd(y) sec y r [(1 + 3«)(1 «)e~2 cos4 7 + 6 cos2 y 3e2/(l + «)«]. (28) ds 8 c
Tesseract – a high-stability, low-noise fluxgate sensor designed for constellation applications

Abstract. Accurate high-precision magnetic field measurements are a significant challenge for many applications, including constellation missions studying space plasmas. Instrument stability and orthogonality are essential to enable meaningful comparison between disparate satellites in a constellation without extensive cross-calibration efforts. Here we describe the design and characterization of Tesseract – a fluxgate magnetometer sensor designed for low-noise, high-stability constellation applications. Tesseract's design takes advantage of recent developments in the manufacturing of custom low-noise fluxgate cores. Six of these custom racetrack fluxgate cores are securely and compactly mounted within a single solid three-axis symmetric base. Tesseract's feedback windings are configured as a four-square Merritt coil to create a large homogenous magnetic null inside the sensor where the fluxgate cores are held in a near-zero field, regardless of the ambient magnetic field, to improve the reliability of the core magnetization cycle. A Biot–Savart simulation is used to optimize the homogeneity of the field generated by the feedback Merritt coils and was verified experimentally to be homogeneous within 0.42 % along the racetrack cores' axes. The thermal stability of the sensor's feedback windings is measured using an insulated container filled with dry ice inside a coil system. The sensitivity over temperature of the feedback windings is found to be between 13 and 17 ppm ∘C−1. The sensor's three axes maintain orthogonality to within at most 0.015∘ over a temperature range of −45 to 20 ∘C. Tesseract's cores achieve a magnetic noise floor of 5 pT √Hz−1 at 1 Hz. Tesseract will be flight demonstrated on the ACES-II sounding rockets, currently scheduled to launch in late 2022 and again aboard the TRACERS satellite mission as part of the MAGIC technology demonstration which is currently scheduled to launch in 2023.
This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 19th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation.

Modern datacenters support a wide range of protocols and in-network switch enhancements aimed at improving performance. Unfortunately, the resulting protocols often do not coexist gracefully because they inevitably interact via queuing in the network. In this paper we describe EQDS, a new datagram service for datacenters that moves almost all of the queuing out of the core network and into the sending host. This enables it to support multiple (conﬂicting) higher layer protocols, while only sending packets into the network according to any receiver-driven credit scheme. EQDS can transparently speed up legacy TCP and RDMA stacks, and enables transport protocol evolution, while beneﬁting from future switch enhancements without needing to modify higher layer stacks. We show through simulation and multiple implementations that EQDS can reduce FCT of legacy TCP by 2x, improve the NVMeOF-RDMA throughput by 30%, and safely run TCP alongside RDMA on the same network.