Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aneurysm occlusion in elderly patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a cost–utility analysis

Background Aneurysm occlusion after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) aims to improve outcome by reducing the rebleeding risk. With increasing age, overall prognosis decreases, and the complications of aneurysm occlusion increase. The balance of risks for aneurysm occlusion in elderly SAH patients in different age categories and clinical conditions is unknown. Methods A Markov model was used to evaluate quality-adjusted life years (QALY), additional costs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) of aneurysm occlusion in 192 patient subgroups, based on age, gender, neurological condition at admission, time since SAH, and aneurysm size and location. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Results For patients admitted in poor condition ≥10 days after SAH, and patients older than 80 years, admitted in poor condition admitted ≥4 days after SAH, occlusion implied QALY loss and increased costs. Only for women younger than 79 and men younger than 74 years admitted in good condition within 4 days did the ICER of occlusion fall below €50 000 per QALY. Occlusion was beneficial and cost-saving in women aged 74 years or younger admitted in good condition within 4 days with a small posterior circulation aneurysm. Conclusions Aneurysm occlusion is harmful in some subgroups of elderly patients and beneficial in others. It is cost-effective only in specific subgroups that comprise a large part of the patients encountered in clinical practice. Beyond the age of 80 years, the balance between risks and benefits is often no longer positive for occlusion, and it should only be considered if the predicted life expectancy leaves margin for benefit.
A Positive Theory And Empirical Analysis Of Strategic Word Choice In District Court Opinions

Supported by numerous empirical studies on judicial hierarchies and panel effects, Positive Political Theory (PPT) suggests that judges engage in strategic use of opinion content—to further the policy outcomes preferred by the decision-making court. In this study, we employ linguistic theory to study the strategic use of opinion content at a granular level—investigating whether the specific word choices judges make in their opinions is consistent with the competitive institutional story of PPT regarding judicial hierarchies. In particular, we examine the judges’ pragmatic use of the linguistic operations known as “hedging”—language serving to enlarge the truth set for a particular proposition, rendering it less definite and therefore less assailable—and “intensifying”—language restricting the possible truth-value of a proposition and making a statement more susceptible to falsification. Our principal hypothesis is that district court judges not ideologically aligned with the majority of the overseeing circuit judges use more hedging language in their legal reasoning in order to insulate these rulings from reversal. We test the theory empirically by analyzing constitutional criminal procedure, racial and sexual discrimination, and environmental opinions in the federal district courts from 1998 to 2001. Our results demonstrate a statistically significant increase in the use of certain types of language as the ideological distance between a district court judge and the overseeing circuit court judges increases.
Glypican-3 Targeting of Liver Cancer Cells Using Multifunctional Nanoparticles

Imaging is essential in accurately detecting, staging, and treating primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]), one of the most prevalent and lethal malignancies. We developed a novel multifunctional nanoparticle (NP) specifically targeting glypican-3 (GPC3), a proteoglycan implicated in promotion of cell growth that is overexpressed in most HCCs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to confirm the differential GPC3 expression in two human HCC cells, Hep G2 (high) and HLF (negligible). These cells were treated with biotin-conjugated GPC3 monoclonal antibody (αGPC3) and subsequently targeted using superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs conjugated to streptavidin and Alexa Fluor 647. Flow cytometry demonstrated that only GPC3-expressing Hep G2 cells were specifically targeted using this αGPC3-NP conjugate (fourfold mean fluorescence over nontargeted NP), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) experiments showed similar findings (threefold R2 relaxivity). Confocal fluorescence microscopy localized the αGPC3 NPs only to the cell surface of GPC3-expressing Hep G2 cells. Further characterization of this construct demonstrated a negatively charged, monodisperse, 50 nm NP, ideally suited for tumor targeting. This GPC3-specific NP system, with dual-modality imaging capability, may enhance pretreatment MRI, enable refined intraoperative HCC visualization by near-infrared fluorescence, and be potentially used as a carrier for delivery of tumor-targeted therapies, improving patient outcomes.
Modeling of Irradiated Cell Transformation: Dose- and Time-Dependent Effects

We report here on various biophysical aspects of irradiated cells, beginning with a phenomenological description of radiation-induced cancer cells. This description includes detrimental factors such as chromosomal aberrations, as well as beneficial factors, such as adaptive response. Also discussed here is the dose- and time-dependent evolution of cancer cells using a purely mathematical approach. The general dose-response shape, which is sigmoidal, is shown to be modified by such mechanisms as adaptive response or bystander effect. The many aspects of the sigmoid function, which most appropriately demonstrates the relationships among irradiated organisms, are discussed here as well. Finally, the balance equation is presented as the most general relationship for irradiated cell behavior.
Mechanisms involved in mycobacterial growth inhibition by gamma interferon-activated bone marrow macrophages: role of reactive nitrogen intermediates

Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages are able to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium bovis after stimulation with recombinant gamma interferon. This antimycobacterial activity was inhibited by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, a specific inhibitor of nitrite and nitrate synthesis from L-arginine. Furthermore, there was a complete lack of mycobacterial growth inhibition in a medium deficient in L-arginine. Nitrite is generated by gamma interferon-activated bone marrow-derived macrophages after infection with M. bovis, and a correlation between mycobacterial growth inhibition and nitrite production was observed. These results indicate that reactive nitrogen intermediates derived from L-arginine are crucially involved in macrophage antimycobacterial activity.
K-NN: Estimating an Adequate Value for Parameter K

An industrial robot system comprises a pair of vertically spaced parallel guide rails rigidly supported from the ground, a slide member slidably mounted on the guide rails having upper and lower pivots, a robot arm structure having a housing pivoted at the upper pivot of the slide member, and an outer and inner shaft axially movable as a single piece along the longitudinal axis of said housing, the inner shaft being rotatable about the longitudinal axis. A tool holding arm is attached to the forward end of the housing for unitary axial movement with the outer shaft and for unitary rotation with the inner shaft. A fluid operated telescopic cylinder is pivotally connected between the lower pivot of the slide member and a lower end portion of the robot housing for pivoting the robot arm structure at a desired angular position.
The effect of solid surface tension and exposure to elevated hydrodynamic shear on Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms grown on modified titanium surfaces

Abstract The solid surface tension of titanium was varied by using organosilane monolayers of various terminations, minimising differences in other material properties. Both the quantity of Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms grown on the modified surfaces, and the percentage of biofilm remaining after exposure to hydrodynamic shear stress, varied significantly as a function of solid surface tension. The quantity of biofilm was less on chloropropyl-terminated surfaces than on an alkyl-terminated surfaces. However, the percentage of biofilm remaining after exposure to hydrodynamic shear stress (which depends on the adhesion and cohesion strengths of the biofilm) was less for the alkyl-terminated surface than for the chloropropyl-terminated surface, for one of the two sample sets analysed. These results demonstrate the importance of differentiating between the quantity of biofilm on a surface and the adhesion and cohesion strength of the biofilm, and may help explain discrepancies in the existing literature regarding the effect of solid surface tension on the propensity of a surface for microfouling.
Life-Threatening Vallecular Cyst in a 3-month-old Infant: Case Report and Literature Review

Laryngeal cysts represent an inhomogeneous collection of benign laryngeal abnormalities.1,2 Several classifications are reported according to their histologic structures, their size, their contents, or their localization within the larynx. Etiology and pathogenesis are still not fully understood, and a variety of terms for the same histopathologic subject cause confusion. The vallecular cyst for instance has been named in the literature as mucus retention cyst, epiglottic cyst, baseof-the-tongue cyst, and ductal cyst.3 In this case a laryngeal cyst localized in the vallecular space of a 3-month-old infant is reported. The lesion led to a life-threatening event during anesthesia. Case Report
Societal interventions to prevent child abuse and neglect.

A framework for understanding child maltreatment in terms of complex and interacting factors from the individual to the societal level can aid in conceptualizing and implementing prevention efforts. Research on interventions at the societal level can guide a broad range of activities, increasing their effectiveness and viability. Fundamental approaches include evaluation of specific interventions and systems-level research on implementation and development of best practice in prevention activities for different portions of society. Research can indicate the roles that each individual, agency, organization, community, and level of government can play. The U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child provides a useful framework for societal level change to improve the welfare of children and families.
The Effects of Urban Bus Driving on Blood Pressure and Musculoskeletal Problems: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Objective Work settings with high levels of stress are consistently associated with poor health outcomes. This study examines the longitudinal relationships between the number of hours of driving a bus in a city and blood pressure and musculoskeletal problems. Methods A prospective longitudinal design coupled with multilevel random coefficient modeling was used to examine the relationship among exposure to a job with high level of stress, urban bus driving, blood pressure, and musculoskeletal problems. Baseline blood pressure and musculoskeletal symptoms of men and women (n = 88) were assessed before they began driving a bus in central Stockholm. The number of hours of driving per week, blood pressure, and musculoskeletal symptoms were tracked for a period of 5 years. Multilevel random coefficient modeling techniques were used to model how individual trajectories of health effects were affected by the number of hours of driving, after statistically controlling for baseline preworking health measures. Results Controlling for sex and baseline health outcomes, the average number of hours of bus driving per week predicted higher diastolic blood pressure (B = 0.069, standard error = 0.034, p = .042) and more frequent musculoskeletal symptoms (B = 0.013, standard error = 0.003, p < .001). Conclusions The findings provide evidence for a positive association between the number of hours of bus driving and blood pressure and musculoskeletal problems. These findings are discussed in exposures to potentially toxic physical and psychosocial work-related factors. Abbreviations MRCM = multilevel random coefficient modeling; ICC = intraclass correlation coefficient
Formation of plasma induced surface damage in silica glass etching for optical waveguides

Ge, B, P-doped silica glass films are widely used as optical waveguides because of their low losses and inherent compatibility with silica optical fibers. These films were etched by ICP (inductively coupled plasma) with chrome etch masks, which were patterned by reactive ion etching (RIE) using chlorine-based gases. In some cases, the etched surfaces of silica glass were very rough (root-mean square roughness greater than 100 nm) and we call this phenomenon plasma induced surface damage (PISD). Rough surface cannot be used as a platform for hybrid integration because of difficulty in alignment and bonding of active devices. PISD reduces the etch rate of glass and it is very difficult to remove residues on a rough surface. The objective of this study is to elucidate the mechanism of PISD formation. To achieve this goal, PISD formation during different etching conditions of chrome etch mask and silica glass was investigated. In most cases, PISD sources are formed on a glass surface after chrome etching, and.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acquired aplastic anaemia

The purpose of this guideline is to provide a rational approach to the investigation and management of patients with acquired aplastic anaemia. These guidelines have been produced by both specialists in the field of aplastic anaemia and experienced district general hospital haematologists, and reviewed by members of the British Committee for Standards in Haematology (BCSH) General Haematology Task Force. Because aplastic anaemia is a rare disease, many of the statements and comments in the first part of this manuscript are based on review of the literature and expert or consensus opinion rather than on clinical studies or trials. Medline, Cinahl and Embase databases were searched for this purpose. Levels of evidence for treatment of aplastic anaemia also reflect the rarity of this condition. To ensure wide dissemination of these guidelines, they are also available on the BCSH website and will be reviewed on a three yearly basis.
Nonresponse On the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale in Chinese Americans

This paper examines the phenomenon of nonresponse on the CES-D in a group of Chinese-Americans. Of the 403 respondents, 43 missed 1 to 4 CES-D items and 43 missed more than 4 items. The completers were likely to be younger and better educated men. Those who missed up to four items were likely to be middle-aged men, and missed the positive items most frequently. This was discussed within the context of Chinese cultural values. The group who missed more than four items were likely to be older women. For them, nonresponse may be a result of unfamiliarity with survey research and reluctance to share personal experiences with strangers. Implications of this investigation are discussed.
Antitumor Activity of Resveratrol in Combination with Selenium in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Bearing and/or Irradiated Mice

Article history: Received 12 November 2015 Accepted 22 November 2015 Resveratrol (trans-3, 5, 4′-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenol non-flavonoid compound, particularly abundant in red grapes but it is also present in highly pigmented vegetables and fruits. It has been proven to be a potent antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory agent and recently it is proposed to have an antiangiogenic property. In this study, resveratrol 25 mg/kg body weight and sodium selenite 5μg/mice was investigated in vitro as well as in vivo via systemic intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) in female mice with or without γ-irradiation exposure targeting the improvement of cancer therapeutic protocols. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP-2&-9) are the angiogenic regulators, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) are the antioxidant markers and lipid peroxide (LPx) is an oxidative stress marker were estimated to monitor efficacy of resveratrol and sodium selenite in cancer treatment strategy. All parameters were determined as a time course on days 16 and 22 after tumor volume reached 1 cm 3 . The using of MTT assay on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells in vitro showed that resveratrol and/or sodium selenite inhibit EAC cells proliferation. In vivo, administration of resveratrol and /or sodium selenite to mice bearing tumor and/or γ-irradiation reduced significantly the MMP-2 and 9 activities TNF-α level and LDH activity while, increase in the activities of liver antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GSH concentration. It could be postulated that the combination of resveratrol and sodium selenite may used as modulators of cancer therapy via inhibit cancer growth through controlling the reactive oxygen species and angiogenic process.
Implementation and Analysis of LPWAN Technology using LoRa Architecture

: The recently proposed LoRa low power wide area network (LPWAN) technology is discussed and analyzed. First of all, performance metrics of a single LoRaWAN end device has been analyzed, namely uplink throughput and data transmission time. Then illustrative application scenario with the maximum number of end devices which can be served by a single LoRaWAN base station has been analyzed and the spatial distribution of these devices is discussed. The LoRa endpoints are the elements of the LoRa network where the sensing or control is undertaken. They are normally located remotely and battery operated. They can be setup to communicate with a LoRa Gateway. The end node comprises of a sensor, microprocessor and a LoRa transceiver. The gateway can receive from any LoRa device and is designed to be fully customizable for a targeted application with post-processing features based on high-level languages. It receives the transmitted data from the end devices.
Systematic Literature Review of the Cloud-ready Software Architecture

Many companies are adopting cloud for hosting applications delivered as a service over the Internet. An application service delivered in this way is referred as Software as a Service (SaaS). The SaaS providers get benefits from getting cloud resources provisioned on-demand and through pay-as-you-go billing models. These capabilities enable faster application development and deployment with lower upfront investment into infrastructure. To benefit the most from the cloud, software architecture must be designed with consideration that software will run on the cloud. However, a legacy application is often developed by using monolithic architecture approach and might not get all advantages provided by a cloud computing. A growing monolithic application gets less flexible in development, has longer provisioning time, slows down the speed of innovation and lowers economy of scale. As result of such problems, not only commercial companies, but also the various academic researchers aim to design software as a “cloud-native” application. This kind of software has specific non-functional requirements that define scalability, reliability, fault tolerance and other cloud-specific requirements. This systematic literature review is based on the case studies, published articles and other literature related to the cloud-native or cloud-ready applications. It generalizes common traits of non-functional requirements defined in analyzed resources. Also, it walks through architectural styles of the applications running on a cloud and presents recently developed architectures that are used for large-scale software services delivered on a cloud.
Results of whole-brain radiation as salvage of methotrexate failure for immunocompetent patients with primary CNS lymphoma.

PURPOSE This study evaluates the efficacy and toxicity of whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) as salvage therapy for immunocompetent patients who failed initial high-dose methotrexate for primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). PATIENTS AND METHODS The study cohort included 27 consecutive patients who failed initial high-dose methotrexate and then received salvage WBRT (median dose, 36 Gy). Actuarial survival was measured from the initiation of radiotherapy. RESULTS Ten patients (37%) achieved a complete radiographic response (CR), and 10 patients (37%) a partial response to WBRT, for a 74% overall radiographic response rate. At the time of maximal response, Karnofsky performance status improved in 12 (44%) of 27 patients and at least stabilized in 67%. Median estimated survival from initiation of WBRT was 10.9 months (range, 0.3 to 63.7 months). The univariate predictor of longer survival was age less than 60 years at the time of WBRT (P = .028). Among patients who survived 4 months, achievement of a CR to WBRT by 4 months (P = .002) predicted longer survival. Late treatment-associated neurotoxicity was diagnosed in four patients (15%) and was significantly associated with total radiation doses greater than 36 Gy (P = .04). No patient treated with daily fractions less than 1.8 Gy developed late neurotoxicity. CONCLUSION For patients with PCNSL who experience treatment failure with methotrexate, WBRT provides high response rates (74%) and a median survival of 10.9 months. Age less than 60 years and response to WBRT predict post-WBRT survival. Modest rates of late neurotoxicity (15%) were seen and were associated with a total dose greater than 36 Gy.
Production of Water Molecules from Dissociative Recombination of H3O + with Electrons.

Water is probably the most important molecule for the thermal properties of dense, interstellar gas, and as such plays a decisive role in establishing the rate at which molecular clouds collapse towards star formation. The synthesis of water is thought to be mainly due to dissociative recombination of H{sub 3}O{sup +} with electrons, although experiments have, as yet, provided no evidence that H{sub 2}O is a product of the reaction. Here we present the first observation of water synthesis from the recombination of H{sub 3}O{sup +}, with a branching ratio of 33{percent}. This value is in good agreement with existing observations of the / ratio in interstellar clouds. It is found that considerable fragmentation occurs during the recombination, in contradiction with the usual two-body dissociation assumption. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }
DNA Damage in the Nucleosome Core Is Refractory to Repair by Human Excision Nuclease

ABSTRACT To investigate the effect of nucleosomes on nucleotide excision repair in humans, we prepared a mononucleosome containing a (6-4) photoproduct in the nucleosome core and examined its repair with the reconstituted human excision nuclease system and with cell extracts. Nucleosomal DNA is repaired at a rate of about 10% of that for naked DNA in both systems. These results are in agreement with in vivo data showing a considerably slower rate of repair of overall genomic DNA relative to that for transcriptionally active DNA. Furthermore, our results indicate that the first-order packing of DNA in nucleosomes is a primary determinant of slow repair of DNA in chromatin.