Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Parents’ Education on Growth Pattern of Children Aged 5-12 Years From Kazaure Emirate, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Anthropometry is defined as the measurements of different parts of the body and is widely used in surveys as an indicator of nutritional and health status. Studies revealed that large number of socio-economic variables are associated with the physical development of children. These variables consist of parental profession, income, education, birth order, family size, and urbanization. Materials used for the study were Stadiometer, non-elastic measuring tape, Skin fold caliper. The study involved a cross-sectional survey comprising of 863 pupils randomly selected from public primary schools in Kazaure emirate. The subjects were noted for sex and age. A stadiometer was used to measure height to the nearest 0.1 cm and weight to the nearest 0.5 kg. A non-elastic measuring tape was used for the measurement of head, neck, chest, mid upper arm, hip, waist and calf circumferences to the nearest 0.1cm respectively. A Harpenden skin fold caliper was used for the measurement of biceps and triceps skin fold thicknesses to the nearest 0.1 mm respectively. The study participants were apparently healthy public primary school pupils aged between 5 - 12years, from Kazaure Emirate and ofHausa ethnic group (parents and grandparents are Hausa). Based on lack of parents’ formal education, males had higher values of neck circumference (NC) and chest circumference (CTC) than females with statistical difference at p<0.05. However,females had higher values ofcephalic index (CI) than males with statistical difference at p<0.05. Based on the level of education of parents (primary, secondary and tertiary education), males had higher values of height (HT), weight (WT), BMI, head circumference (HDC), NC, CTC, waist circumference (WC) and calf circumference (CC) than females with statistical difference at p<0.05. However, females showed higher mean values of triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and hip circumference (HC) than males with statistical difference at p<0.05. Males had higher values ofhead length (HDL), head breadth (HDB), facial length (FL) and facial breadth (FB) than females with statistical difference at p<0.05. Conversely, females showed higher mean value ofcephalic index (CI) than males with statistical difference at p<0.05. Males had higher values of right humerus length (RHML), left humerus length LHML), right ulna length (RUL), left ulna length (LUL), right radial length (RRL), left radial length (LRL), right hand length (RHNL), left hand length (LHNL), right hand breadth (RHNB) and left hand breadth (LHNB) than females with statistical difference at p<0.05. Males had higher values of right tibial length (RTBL), left tibial length (LTBL), right fibula length (RFBL), left fibula length (LFBL), right foot length (RFTL), left foot length (LFTL), right foot breadth (RFTB) and left foot breadth (LFTB) than females with statistical difference at p<0.05.
Examining Disparities in Case Dispositions and Sentencing Outcomes for Domestic Violent Extremists in the United States

This study examines how strength of ideology, victim status, and other factors shape prosecutorial and sentencing decisions in cases of far-right extremist homicide. We draw from multiple conceptual frameworks to understand how assessments of defendants’ blameworthiness, crime seriousness, and other practical constraints influence the severity of legal outcomes. Our analysis of data from the United States Extremist Crime Database finds that while demographic attributes of homicide participants have little influence on legal outcomes, strong affiliations to domestic extremism and indicators of crime seriousness and risk significantly predict harsher treatment of defendants. We contextualize our findings within the broader criminological sentencing literature and discuss their implications for understanding how the American criminal justice system responds to domestic violent extremism.
Exploiting the Dixon Method for a Robust Breast and Fibro-Glandular Tissue Segmentation in Breast MRI

Automatic breast and fibro-glandular tissue (FGT) segmentation in breast MRI allows for the efficient and accurate calculation of breast density. The U-Net architecture, either 2D or 3D, has already been shown to be effective at addressing the segmentation problem in breast MRI. However, the lack of publicly available datasets for this task has forced several authors to rely on internal datasets composed of either acquisitions without fat suppression (WOFS) or with fat suppression (FS), limiting the generalization of the approach. To solve this problem, we propose a data-centric approach, efficiently using the data available. By collecting a dataset of T1-weighted breast MRI acquisitions acquired with the use of the Dixon method, we train a network on both T1 WOFS and FS acquisitions while utilizing the same ground truth segmentation. Using the “plug-and-play” framework nnUNet, we achieve, on our internal test set, a Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 0.96 and 0.91 for WOFS breast and FGT segmentation and 0.95 and 0.86 for FS breast and FGT segmentation, respectively. On an external, publicly available dataset, a panel of breast radiologists rated the quality of our automatic segmentation with an average of 3.73 on a four-point scale, with an average percentage agreement of 67.5%.
Co-Combination of Pregabalin and Withania coagulans-Extract-Loaded Topical Gel Alleviates Allodynia and Hyperalgesia in the Chronic Sciatic Nerve Constriction Injury for Neuropathic Pain in Animal Model

The current study reports the fabrication of co-combination gel using Pregabalin and Withania coagulans fruit extract to validate its effectiveness for neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models. Three topical gels were prepared using Carbopol 934 through a pseudo-ternary phase diagram incorporating the Pregabalin (2.5%), Withania coagulans extract (2%), and co-combination of both Pregabalin (2.5%) and Withania coagulans extract (2%). Gels were characterized. FTIR showed a successful polymeric network of the gel without any interaction. The drug distribution at the molecular level was confirmed by XRD. The AFM images topographically indicated the rough surface of gels with a size range from 0.25 to 330 nm. DSC showed the disappearance of sharp peaks of the drug and extract, showing successful incorporation into the polymeric network of gels. The in vitro drug release of co-combination gel was 73% over 48 h. The mechanism of drug release by combination gel was Higuchi+ fickian with values of n (0.282) and R2 (0.947). An in vivo study for pain assessment via four methods: (i) heat hyperalgesia, (ii) cold allodynia, (iii) mechano-hyperalgesia, and (iv) dynamic mechano-allodynia, confirmed that topical treatment with co-combination gel reduced the pain significantly as indicated by the p value: R1 (p < 0.001), R2 (p < 0.001), R3 (p < 0.015), and R4 (p < 0.0344). The significance order was R2 (****) > R1 (***) > R3 (**) > R4 (*) > R5 (ns).
Analysis of Basic Immunization Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic at Public Health Centers in Semarang

BACKGROUND: The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected public health services, including routine immunization services. If this condition continues, the national immunization coverage will decrease, thereby potentially increasing the risk of immunization preventable diseases. AIM: This study aims to determine the coverage of complete basic immunization services in Semarang before (December 2019) and during the pandemic (May 2020) and the factors that affect the coverage of complete basic immunization services. METHODS: This study describes complete basic immunization based on data taken in June-August 2021 at three health centers in Semarang. The data used were the number of visits and the type of immunization obtained from the medical records of the Health Center Management Information System. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with the person in charge of the immunization program at the Public Health Center (Puskesmas) to determine the influence factors of the immunization coverage. The data from the interviews were then analyzed thematically. RESULTS: There were 3594 infants who received immunization services, consisting of 2401 before the pandemic and 1193 during the pandemic. The average decrease in the number of basic immunization services was 50.31%. The decrease in the number of basic immunization services occurred in all network public health centers with an average of Puskesmas Genuk (−36.63%), Halmahera (−40%), and Pandanaran (−26.35%). The mother’s fear of COVID-19 contagious, service time and patients restrictions by the PHC, and IPV vaccine stock out have reduced the basic vaccination coverage in all public health centers. CONCLUSION: There was a decline in basic immunization coverage during the pandemic, so it is necessary to fulfill basic immunization needs and service inn
Analisis Kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Pengajuan dan Penerapan Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) di Selat Sunda dan Selat Lombok

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan motif-motif yang melatarbelakangi diajukan dan diterapkannya Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) di Selat Sunda dan Selat Lombok pada masa pemerintahan Joko Widodo periode pertama. Indonesia pada masa pemerintahan Joko Widodo periode pertama mengajukan proposal penerapan TSS kepada International Maritime Organization (IMO) tepatnya pada tahun 2017. Kebijakan ini merupakan salah satu dari beberapa kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia dalam aktualisasi dari visi Poros Maritim Dunia (PMD). Kedua selat, baik Selat Sunda dan Selat Lombok dipandang memiliki potensi untuk berkembang menjadi jalur pelayaran dunia yang lebih ramai dikarenakan kelebihan-kelebihan dan nilai geostrategis yang dimiliki. Disamping demi meningkatkan keselamatan pelayaran, pengajuan dan penerapan TSS juga tidak lepas dari aspek legitimasi, identitas, dan norma internasional sebagai motifnya. Penelitian ini akan menjabarkan bagaimana identitas dan norma dapat mempengaruhi kebijakan negara yang dalam kasus ini adalah pengajuan dan penerapan TSS di Selat Sunda dan Selat Lombok.
News from the newsroom

This volume arises from a series of discussions, workshops & panels of our research network in media linguistics1. In terms of methodology, the focus is on the link between discourse studies and ethnographic approaches to news journalism practices. In terms of analysis, the researchers of the network consider both news products and newsmaking processes. The aim is to better understand how journalists work according to evidence of the “circular circulation of information” characterizing news journalism (Bourdieu 1998: 23). Put in other words, news is what (other) news media speak and write about (or don’t) (see Messner & DiStaso 2008). Our starting point for reflection is why, how, when and what is at stake with journalistic decisions and choices about news.
Mesoscale Spatial Patterns of Gulf of Maine Rocky Intertidal Communities

Community similarity among macroinvertebrate species assemblages from 12 exposed rocky headlands surveyed in 2004, 2007, and 2012 was examined to resolve mesoscale patterns along an east–west linear distance of 366 km in the coastal Gulf of Maine. The goals were: (1) detect latitudinal patterns of species assemblage similarity and (2) relate species assemblage similarities to environmental factors. Assemblage similarities were correlated with latitude. There was a distinguishable grouping of sampling sites fitting two Gulf regions that separate at mid-coast Maine. This pattern was uniquely intertidal and not shown by subtidal species assemblages. β diversity was high, did not differ between regions, and species turnover accounted for 91% of it. Molluscs and crustaceans, major components of surveyed communities, contributed most of the dissimilarity between regions. Satellite-derived shore and sea surface temperatures explained a significant amount of the variation responsible for producing regional patterns. The regions corresponded with the two principal branches of the Gulf of Maine Coastal Current. These hydrographic features and associated environmental conditions are hypothesized to influence community dynamics and shape the dissimilarity between Gulf regions. The predicted warming of the Gulf of Maine portend change in species turnover from species invasions and range shifts potentially altering rocky intertidal community patterns.
A Novel Simultaneous Planning and Control Scheme of Automated Lane Change on Slippery Roads

Existing hierarchical planning and control architectures can cause the upper-level target trajectory passed to the lower-level tracking controller to be too conservative or impossible to track on slippery roads. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new simultaneous planning and control scheme that determines the control inputs without explicit path planning and requires only information about the control objectives and safety constraints. First, we establish the vehicle stability boundary and the safety distance constraints to ensure that the vehicle avoids drifting and collisions on slippery roads. Moreover, real-time adaptive model predictive control (MPC) with online model linearization is designed to approximate the nonlinear programming as a quadratic program (QP), which allows the use of fast convex optimization tools. The steering angle and longitudinal acceleration are thus obtained. Finally, we design the controller to convert the longitudinal acceleration into an actuatable drive torque to avoid tire skidding on slippery surfaces. The simulation results show that under the conditions of low adhesion road and $\mu $ -split roads, the proposed algorithm makes the sideslip angle of the vehicle within 1 degree. In contrast, the sideslip angle of the hierarchical algorithm reaches 6 degrees, and the vehicle has a noticeable drift. The proposed algorithm dramatically improves stability and driving comfort.
Towards Practical Path Loss Predictions in Indoor Corridors Considering 5G mmWave Three-Dimensional Measurements

Theoretical and empirical foundations of how radio waves behave in practical wireless channels need to be fully revisited for millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies so that fifth-generation (5G) technologies may be successful. Kriging is an outstanding geostatistal interpolation technique that employs variography to understand the spatial variability of known samples at specific locations to predict unmeasured samples, based on the fact that there is an implied connection between the measured value and its location in space. The research we here report is aimed at validating the improvement in predictions when this tool is included for mmWave frequency path loss modeling in a long indoor corridor with break. In order to quantify the accuracy of the proposed methodology, it is compared with a well-established procedure described in the literature. Extensive path-loss measurements were collected through specialized narrowband sounders at 28 and 60 GHz. Spatially averaged power measurements using omnidirectional and directive antennas at different heights provided the empirical basis for the three-dimensional Kriging-aided model. It was found that this method significantly improves the accuracy as it considers all the singularities and site-associated features that are implicit in measured samples. This is important to obtain a reliable path loss model for planning and deployment of mmWave wireless communication systems in indoor scenarios.
Neighbourhood associations may promote belonging, but for whom?

ABSTRACT Much has been written about how neighbourhoods provide a context for socially supportive relationships that contribute to belonging. Within neighbourhoods, people can find close-to-home sources of social support and connection. Neighbourhood associations (NAs) are common forms of mobilization through which neighbours work toward neighbourhood improvement. This study explored perceptions of NA leaders within a mid-sized Canadian city regarding the functions of their NAs. A particular focus of the study was on ways NA-organized recreation and leisure initiatives may promote a sense of belonging among neighbours. Findings suggest NA leaders describe belonging in terms of mutually supportive relationships as well as comfort and fit. Findings also suggest that while promoting belonging is an explicit goal of NAs, other NA goals may complicate the realization of neighbourhood belonging. For example, while NA initiatives include neighbourhood-wide leisure events geared toward enhancing belonging, these events often exclusively target toward young families and encompass traditional Christian settler-colonial themes and values. There is minimal effort to involve or connect people of different ages, racial identities, and cultural backgrounds. We discuss the implications these findings can have on the sense of belonging and politics of belonging within neighbourhoods.
Crossview Mapping with Graph-based Geolocalization on City-Scale Street Maps

3D environment mapping has been actively stud-ied recently with the development of autonomous driving and augmented reality. Although many image-based methods are proposed due to their convenience and flexibility compared to other complex sensors, few works focus on fixing the inherent scale ambiguity of image-based methods and registering the reconstructed structure to the real-world 3D map, which is very important for autonomous driving. This paper presents a low-cost mapping solution that is able to refine and align the monocular reconstructed point cloud given a public street map. Specifically, we first find the association between the street map and the reconstructed point cloud structure by a novel graph-based geolocalization method. Then, optimized with the corresponding relationship, the map accuracy is significantly improved. The rich environment information can also be associated with the point cloud by the geographical location. Experiments show that our geolocalization algorithm can locate the scene on a gigantic city-scale map (173.46 km2) in two minutes and support 3D map reconstruction with absolute scale and rich environmental information from Internet videos.
The Correlation between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Retinal Vein Obstruction: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Despite of inadequate evidence, previous studies have demonstrated a potential correlation between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). In this study, a meta-analysis is conducted to investigate the correlation between OSA and RVO. Databases are searched for relevant literatures up to July 14, 2021, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) are estimated to evaluate the correlation between OSA and RVO. Six articles were finally enrolled, including 36,086 subjects from 5 case-controlled studies and 1 cohort study. It is clearly evident that the RVO risk is higher among OSA patients than non-OSA patients (OR = 3.24, 95% CI = 3.24). The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that the present meta-analysis is robust and reliable. Furthermore, Egger's test for publication bias is performed with P = 0.195, and the results reveal no significant publication bias. The findings demonstrate that OSA is significantly correlated with RVO, and OSA is a risk factor for RVO.
Multi-view object pose distribution tracking for pre-grasp planning on mobile robots

The ability to track the 6D pose distribution of an object when a mobile manipulator robot is still approaching the object can enable the robot to pre-plan grasps that combine base and arm motion. However, tracking a 6D object pose distribution from a distance can be challenging due to the limited view of the robot camera. In this work, we present a framework that fuses observations from external stationary cameras with a moving robot camera and sequentially tracks it in time to enable 6D object pose distribution tracking from a distance. We model the object pose posterior as a multi-modal distribution which results in a better performance against uncertainties introduced by large camera-object distance, occlusions and object geometry. We evaluate the proposed framework on a simulated multi-view dataset using objects from the YCB data set. Results show that our framework enables accurate tracking even when the robot camera has poor visibility of the object.
Nutrition in Pediatric Intensive Care: A Narrative Review

Nutrition support in pediatric intensive care is an integral part of a complex approach to treating critically ill children. Smaller energy reserves with higher metabolic demands (a higher basal metabolism rate) compared to adults makes children more vulnerable to starvation. The nutrition supportive therapy should be initiated immediately after intensive care admission and initial vital sign stabilization. In absence of contraindications (unresolving/decompensated shock, gut ischemia, critical gut stenosis, etc.), the preferred type of enteral nutrition is oral or via a gastric tube. In the acute phase of critical illness, due to gluconeogenesis and muscle breakdown with proteolysis, the need for high protein delivery should be emphasized. After patient condition stabilization, the acute phase with predominant catabolism converts to the anabolic phase and intensive rehabilitation, where high energy demands are the keystone of a positive outcome.
A Novel Multimodal Human-Exoskeleton Interface Based on EEG and sEMG Activity for Rehabilitation Training

Despite the advances in the field of human-robot interface (HRI) based on biological neural signal, the use of the sole electroencephalography (EEG) signal to help robotic exoskeleton predict the limb movement is currently no mature in rehabilitation training, due to its unreliability. Multimodal HRI represents a very recent solution to enhance the performance of single modal HRI. These HRI normally include the EEG signal with surface electromyography (sEMG) signal. However, their use for the lower limb movement prediction in hemiplegia is still limited, and the deep fusion feature of sEMG and EEG signal is ignored. This paper proposes a Dense co-attention mechanism-based Multimodal Enhance fusion Network (DMEFNet) for the lower limb movement prediction in hemiplegia. The DMEFNet can realize the mapping and deep fusion between the sEMG and EEG signal features and get a high accuracy movement prediction of the lower limbs. A sEMG and EEG data acquisition experiment and an incomplete asynchronous data collection paradigm are designed to verify the effectiveness of DMEFNet. The experimental results show that DMEFNet has a good movement prediction performance in both within-subject and cross-subject situations, reaching an accuracy of 82.96% and 88.44% respectively.