Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrability and the Kerr-(A)dS black hole in five dimensions

In this paper we prove that the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for a particle in the five dimensional Kerr-(A)dS black hole is separable, for arbitrary rotation parameters. As a result we find an irreducible Killing tensor. We also consider the Klein-Gordon equation in this background and show that this is also separable. Finally, we comment on extensions and implications of these results.
Molecular genetics of coat colour, texture and length in the dog.

The genetics of coat variation is a powerful system for studying the fundamental aspects of gene action and the evolutionary mechanisms that give rise to morphological diversity. The domestic dog (Canis familiaris) is an ideal platform for this approach due to the variety of coat colours, textures and patterns represented among modern breeds, and a unique population history that facilitates efficient and precise gene localization. The study of coat colour heredity in the domestic dog was among the early 4 Molecular Genetics of Coat Colour, Texture and Length in the Dog
Towards Longitudinal Control for Over-the-horizon Autonomous Convoying

Towards Longitudinal Control for Over-the-Horizon Autonomous Convoying Anjani Kulani Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2013 In a variety of military operations, there is a need for a convoy of autonomous followers to traverse the leader’s path without using Global Positioning System (GPS), lane markers/magnets and/or a vision-based vehicle-following system. This can be achieved by using Visual Teach and Repeat (VT&R), which provides an effective method for autonomous repeating of a previously driven path. This thesis describes the design of a distributed control system that uses the idea behind the VT&R method to allow a convoy of inter-communicable autonomous vehicles to follow a manually-driven lead vehicle’s path with a desired inter-vehicle spacing, even when the leader is not in the camera view of the followers. The longitudinal controller is designed for addressing a 1D spacing problem and then combined with a path tracker for tracking a path in a 2D environment. The designed control model is tested in simulations, which show satisfactory performance over a range of operating conditions.
Robust spoken term detection using partial search and re-scoring hypothesized detections techniques

This research focusses on Spoken Term Detection (STD) which aims to detect a textual keyword in a speech corpus. A typical STD system relies on an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system to transform the speech corpus to intermediate textual representations such as 1-best transcriptions or lattices of word and subword for indexing/retrieval. However, the imperfect modelling of ASR results in two types of error, i.e. missing and false alarm. This thesis aims to address both type of errors. In STD, the subword approach has been attractive because it is able to address the Out-of-Vocabulary (OOV) problems. A standard subword-based STD system, referred to as the full search technique, first converts the keyword into a subword sequence, then searches the subword sequence in the subword lattices. However, due to the high error rate of subword ASR, detecting entire subword sequence in lattices is difficult and results in a high miss rate. This thesis proposes a partial search approach to address this problem. The proposed approach transforms the keyword’s subword sequence into overlapping sub-sequences and then searches these sub-sequences in the index. It reduces the miss rate by accepting hypothesized detections that contain some of the keyword’s sub-sequences. STD systems rank and make “accept/reject” decisions on hypothesized detections by the confidence scores estimated from the decoding lattices generated by the ASR. Such scores may be inaccurate due to the imperfect modelling of speech and noise. Using the lattice-based posterior probabilities as the detection scores might result in degraded STD performance. Firstly, it is observed that the posterior probabilities are not comparable across keywords. As a result, it is difficult to make “accept/reject” decisions using a single threshold for all keywords. Secondly, a correct detection might have a smaller posterior probability than false alarm detections. Two techniques to re-score and re-rank
Diets of shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis and cormorants P. carbo in Norway and possible implications for gadoid stock recruitment

The diets of shags and cormorants were studied in Norway through analyses of regurgitated pellets. Although this method has many limitations, indications were that both species rely heavily on small gadoids (Gadidae) and sand eels (Ammodytidae) for food throughout their range, but also eat other fish species when available. There was considerable dietary overlap between species, despite a tendency for cormorants to eat larger fish and more benthic items than shags. Predation by shags and cormorants could be a factor limiting the recruitment of cod and saithe into what are now severely reduced, but commercially important stocks in the Norwegian and Barents Seas.
1 Enhancing Bank Loyalty through Sustainable 2 Banking Practices : The Mediating Effect of Corporate 3 Image 4

As the demand for a more sustainable society increases, adopting a sustainable banking 10 approach serves as a competitive advantage for banks that are focused on attaining bank loyalty. 11 This study revolves around understanding the role of sustainable banking practices on bank 12 loyalty, while exploring the mediating effect of corporate image in the relationship between 13 sustainable banking practices and bank loyalty. 511 data derived from customers of the banking 14 sector was adopted for this study. Result from the structural equation modeling shows that 15 sustainable banking practices positively and directly affects bank loyalty and corporate image, 16 corporate image directly and positively affect bank loyalty, and also mediates in the relationship 17 between sustainable banking practices and bank loyalty. 18
Evaluation of resistance to aflatoxin contamination in kernels of maize genotypes using a GFP-expressing Aspergillus flavus strain

Resistance or susceptibility of maize inbreds to infection by Aspergillus flavus was evaluated by the kernel screening assay. A green fluorescent protein-expressing strain of A. flavus was used to measure fungal spread and aflatoxin levels in real-time following fungal infection of kernels. Among the four inbreds tested, MI82 showed the most resistance and Ga209 the least. TZAR101 was also resistant to fungal infection, whereas Va35 was susceptible to fungal infection. However, Va35 produced lower aflatoxin levels compared to the susceptible line Ga209. Fluorescence microscopy indicated that the site of entry of the fungus into the kernel was consistently through the pedicel. Entry through the pericarp was never observed in undamaged kernels. In view of these results, incorporation or overexpression of antifungal proteins should be targeted to the pedicel and basal endosperm region in developing kernels. Once the fungus has entered through the pedicel, it spreads quickly through the open spaces between th.
Computational advances applied to medical image processing: an update

: Medical imaging provides a high-fidelity, noninvasive, or minimally invasive means for effective diagnostic and routine checks, and has become an established tool in both clinical and research settings. The interpretation of medical images commonly requires analysis by an experienced individual with the necessary skills. This dependence on an individual’s evaluation in part limits the broader scope and widespread use of medical images that would be possible if performed automatically. The analysis of medical images by an individual may also influence reliability, with different users attaining alternative conclusions from the data set. It is thus beneficial to support the experienced user with robust and fast processing of the medical images for further analysis that relies as little as possible on user interaction. In the existing body of literature, a variety of methods have been proposed for medical image filtering and enhancement, which have been largely used in the context of improving image quality for both human visual perception and feature detection and object segmentation via a numerical algorithm. In this study, an analysis of some popular methodologies for image processing is presented. From the comparison of results, a robust and automatic pipeline procedure for medical image processing is put forward, and results for different imaging-acquisition techniques are given.
A moderated-mediation model of empowering leadership-OCB link

The paper used data from insurance agents and their supervisors from a multi-unit insurance company to test the effects of a mediator over the relationship between empowering leader behavior (ELB) and agent organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Results showed that, among the three types of approaches to empowerment, leading by example was the strongest predictor in agent perceived job meaning, which in turn, results in higher level of OCB performance. Results also showed that the relationship between a subordinatepsilas perceived meaning of the job and OCB is moderated by whether the person is agreeable or not. Implications of the findings for researchers and practitioners are presented.
Most general cubic-order Horndeski Lagrangian allowing for scaling solutions and the application to dark energy

In cubic-order Horndeski theories where a scalar field $\phi$ is coupled to nonrelativistic matter with a field-dependent coupling $Q(\phi)$, we derive the most general Lagrangian having scaling solutions on the isotropic and homogenous cosmological background. For constant $Q$ including the case of vanishing coupling, the corresponding Lagrangian reduces to the form $L=Xg_2(Y)-g_3(Y)\square \phi$, where $X=-\partial_{\mu}\phi\partial^{\mu}\phi/2$ and $g_2, g_3$ are arbitrary functions of $Y=Xe^{\lambda \phi}$ with constant $\lambda$. We obtain the fixed points of the scaling Lagrangian for constant $Q$ and show that the $\phi$-matter-dominated-epoch ($\phi$MDE) is present for the cubic coupling $g_3(Y)$ containing inverse power-law functions of $Y$. The stability analysis around the fixed points indicates that the $\phi$MDE can be followed by a stable critical point responsible for the cosmic acceleration. We propose a concrete dark energy model allowing for such a cosmological sequence and show that the ghost and Laplacian instabilities can be avoided even in the presence of the cubic coupling.
Gendered Career Rein: A Gender Analysis of the Certification Process of Auditors in Sweden

It has been claimed that the accounting and auditing business is a gendered industry. Even though as many women as men enter the business, high positions such as partnerships still largely appear to be a privilege for men. Earlier research has indicated that this selection process starts early on the career ladder. In this article we investigate the gendered character of the early phase of qualification to become a certified auditor. Using a gender perspective and social capital conceptions we offer a set of hypotheses that predict certification time, with special emphasis on the gendered character of the factors. We test the hypotheses on the population of newly certified auditors in Sweden. The results indicate that there are differences between the sexes, but that the factors even out, implying no important difference in certification time. We conclude that auditors of both sexes are subject to gendering processes that influence their certification time before they enter the auditing firm, mainly through family and school attendance variables, and they continue to experience gendered processes within the firm. Thus, we need to acknowledge not only the 'glass ceiling' within organizations, but also the gendered 'career rein' on individuals.
OH+ and H2O+ absorption toward PKS1830-211

We report the detection of OH+ and H2O+ in the z=0.89 absorber toward the lensed quasar PKS1830-211. The abundance ratio of OH+ and H2O+ is used to quantify the molecular hydrogen fraction (fH2) and the cosmic-ray ionization rate of atomic hydrogen (zH) along two lines of sight, located at ~2 kpc and ~4 kpc to either side of the absorber's center. The molecular fraction decreases outwards, from ~0.04 to ~0.02, comparable to values measured in the Milky Way at similar galactocentric radii. For zH, we find values of ~2x10^-14 s^-1 and ~3x10^-15 s^-1, respectively, which are slightly higher than in the Milky Way at comparable galactocentric radii, possibly due to a higher average star formation activity in the z=0.89 absorber. The ALMA observations of OH+, H2O+, and other hydrides toward PKS1830-211 reveal the multi-phase composition of the absorbing gas. Taking the column density ratios along the southwest and northeast lines of sight as a proxy of molecular fraction, we classify the species ArH+, OH+, H2Cl+, H2O+, CH, and HF as tracing gases increasingly more molecular. Incidentally, our data allow us to improve the accuracy of H2O+ rest frequencies and thus refine the spectroscopic parameters.
Repeatability and Reproducibility of Upper Thorax Responses of THOR-50M ATDs

Anthropomorphic test device (ATDs) used for injury assessment are continuously being developed to enhance their biofidelity. For frontal crash testing, the Test device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR-50M) ATD is being considered as the next injury assessment device in place of the current Hybrid III 50M (HIII-50M) ATD. Due to improved biofidelity and advanced instrumentation, the THOR-50M ATD has been developed to improve the assessment of injury measures in comparison to HIII-50M ATD. This study evaluated the THOR50M ATD‟s repeatability and reproducibility (R&R) of the thorax, and compares the findings to that of the HIII-50M ATD. The thorax deflection of THOR-50M and HIII-50M were measured respectively. For three THOR ATDs, the upper thorax qualification test was conducted three times by the present certification procedures. For five Hybrid III ATDs, the thorax impact test was conducted three times by the Low Speed Thorax Impact Test Procedure. The coefficient of variation (CV) of thorax deflection was calculated to evaluate the R&R in thorax response. In addition, the thorax deflection was converted into injury risk probability because the THOR-50M utilizes different risk curves, measurement equipment, and measurement points from the HIII-50M. In the HIII-50M ATD, the characteristics of ribs are certified as a way to improve the R&R. In order to investigate the effect of the characteristics of ribs on the THOR‟s upper thorax response, the ribs thickness was measured for three THOR ATDs. Moreover, a lumbar spine is one of the components that influence on THOR‟s upper thorax response. The bending stiffness was evaluated by lumbar spine flex joint bending test. Two THOR ATDs attached with the thickest and thinnest ribs were selected. The thorax deflection was measured by upper thorax qualification tests. It was found that the CV of THOR-50M was larger than that of the HIII-50M. Also, it was found that the upper X-axis and Z-axis thorax deflection of the THOR-50M with the thinnest ribs was about 5 % larger than that of the THOR-50M with the thickest ribs. In the upper Z-axis thorax deflection, the difference between two ATDs attached with the same ribs was about 7% The thorax of THOR-50M has more complex structure than that of HIII-50M, so the R&R of THOR-50M might be lower than that of Hybrid III in thorax response. It is believed that the THOR-50M‟s upper thorax deflection is influenced by rib cage stiffness which depend on the thickness of ribs. In order to improve R&R, it is recommended that rib thickness be certified, as is done for the HIII-50M. The bending stiffness of THOR‟s lumbar spine might have a contribution to increasing Z-axis deflection. In conclusion, a certification method for guaranteeing rib characteristics is required for minimizing the variation of the upper X-axis and Z-axis thorax deflection. For future studies, the influence of other THOR50M ATD components on the upper thorax deflection should be investigated.
Numerical Analysis of Protective Cage Geometries for Mechancical Cavopulmonary Assistance in a Patient-Specific Fontan Physiology

This study investigated the performance of an intravascular, percutaneously inserted, axial-flow blood pump in a patient-specific model of a Fontan physiology. This pump is designed to augment pressure and thus blood flow in the cavopulmonary circulation. The outer cage of the device serves as a protective and functional design component. The performance of three cage geometries with unique directions of filament twist was evaluated via numerical simulations and direct comparison to a previous cage design. The cage designs performed acceptably to support Fontan patients. The cage design with filaments twisted in the opposite direction to the impeller blades and in the direction of the diffuser blades (against-with) outperformed the other designs by producing a pressure rise in the range of 1-8.5 mmHg for flow rates of 1-4 L/min at 1500-4000 RPM and pulmonary arterial pressures of 16 mmHg. Results from the blood damage index analyses indicate a low probability for damage with maximum damage index levels of less than 1%. Fluid force magnitudes in the axial and radial directions were less than 0.2 N, and the exit vorticity from the pump was minimized by the against-with cage. This study represents ongoing progress in the development of this blood pump.
DInSAR for a Regional Inventory of Active Rock Glaciers in the Dry Andes Mountains of Argentina and Chile with Sentinel-1 Data

The Dry Andes region of Argentina and Chile is characterized by a highly developed periglacial environment. In these arid or semi-arid regions, rock glaciers represent one of the main pieces of evidence of mountain creeping permafrost and water reserves in a solid state. However, their distribution, degree of activity, and response to global warming are not yet well understood. In this context, this work aims to show the potential of the Sentinel-1-based interferometric technique (DInSAR) to map active rock glaciers at a regional level. In particular, the paper presents an active rock glacier inventory for the study area, which covers approximately 40,000 km2, ranging from latitude 30°21′S to 33°21′S. A total of 2116 active rock glaciers have been detected, and their elevations show a high correlation with the west-east direction. This result was obtained by using only 16 interferometric pairs. Compared to other remote sensing classification techniques, the interferometric technique offers a means to measure surface displacement (active rock glacier). This results in a reliable classification of the degree of activity compared to other methods, based on geomorphological, geomorphometric, and/or ecological criteria. This work presents evidence of this aspect by comparing the obtained results with existing optical data-based inventories. We conclude that the combination of both types of sensors (radar and optical) is an appropriate procedure for active rock glacier inventories, as both mapping methodologies are complementary.
Analysis of Livorno Heavy Rainfall Event: Examples of Satellite-Based Observation Techniques in Support of Numerical Weather Prediction

This study investigates the value of satellite-based observational algorithms in supporting numerical weather prediction (NWP) for improving the alert and monitoring of extreme rainfall events. To this aim, the analysis of the very intense precipitation that affected the city of Livorno on 9 and 10 September 2017 is performed by applying three remote sensing techniques based on satellite observations at infrared/visible and microwave frequencies and by using maps of accumulated rainfall from the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model. The satellite-based observational algorithms are the precipitation evolving technique (PET), the rain class evaluation from infrared and visible observations (RainCEIV) technique and the cloud classification mask coupling of statistical and physics methods (C-MACSP). Moreover, the rain rates estimated by the Italian Weather Radar Network are also considered to get a quantitative evaluation of RainCEIV and PET performance. The statistical assessment shows good skills for both the algorithms (for PET: bias = 1.03, POD = 0.76, FAR = 0.26; for RainCEIV: bias = 1.33, POD = 0.77, FAR = 0.41). In addition, a qualitative comparison among the three technique outputs, rain rate radar maps, and WRF accumulated rainfall maps is also carried out in order to highlight the advantages of the different techniques in providing real-time monitoring, as well as quantitative characterization of rainy areas, especially when rain rate measurements from Weather Radar Network and/or from rain gauges are not available.
Creating a Culture of Mobility: Using Real-Time Assessment to Drive Outcomes

&NA; Background: Recent studies have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of early mobilization of patients in the hospital setting. Promoting early mobility improves patients' ability to perform daily activities and attend to basic needs. It also preserves patients' dignity and independence. We implemented a culture of mobility program to promote awareness of the importance of early mobility among health care providers, patients, and family caregivers on an inpatient orthopedic unit. Purpose: The goal of the program was to empower clinical RNs, physical therapists (PTs), and occupational therapists to conduct dynamic, ongoing assessment of a patient's functional status so the plan of care could be modified in real time to promote functional independence and prevent immobility-associated complications. Methods: Nursing and therapy professionals used three mobility assessments to estimate the degree and type of activities a patient could safely perform during a hospital stay: the Johns Hopkins Highest Level of Mobility (JH-HLM) scale, the Physical Therapy Mobility Assessment (PTMA) scale, and the Occupational Therapy Assistance Assessment (OTAA) scale. The three assessment tools were incorporated into the electronic health record. To evaluate their performance, we retrospectively collected patient data before (baseline) and after (intervention) their implementation. There were 61 patients in the baseline group and 59 in the intervention group. Results: The clinical characteristics of patients in the two groups were comparable, including demographics, diagnoses, and activity orders. The JH-HLM and PTMA scores correlated significantly with the maximum distance patients ambulated as measured independently by RNs and PTs, suggesting the tools worked as expected to estimate the actual activity patients performed. Importantly, we found that the intervention improved patient mobility, as evidenced by significant increases in the maximum distances and the number of times patients ambulated. Further, the initial scores on the JH-HLM, PTMA, and OTAA scales correlated significantly with the length of stay (LOS), an important outcome variable. This suggests that the mobility assessments can also be used to predict LOS and thus optimize hospital bed management. Conclusions: Nursing and therapy professionals successfully implemented three new mobility assessment tools on an inpatient orthopedic unit. The tools captured real-time information about patients' functional ability that was used to encourage patients' mobility.