Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Notion de champ implicatif en analyse statistique implicative

Dans le cadre de la théorie de l’Analyse Statistique Implicative, la problématique de la stabilité de l‘indice qui permet de définir et évaluer la qualité de l’indice d’implication est posée par l’utilisateur qui renouvelle ses expériences dans un domaine particulier. Dans cet article, nous étudions ce problème en invoquant les concepts différentiels de l’analyse mathématique. Nous examinons un à un les paramètres intervenant dans la formule donnant l’indice d’implication. Nous comparons les variations de ces paramètres avec ceux d’autres indices classiques utilisés en fouille de données. Nous étendons cette étude par celle de la structure de l’espace vectoriel qu’ils engendrent et en centrant cette étude sur la notion de gradient implicatif. De là, nous illustrons par une représentation géométrique la problématique de l’équilibre de l’indice via une discrétisation des surfaces équipotentielles. Mots-clés : analyse statistique implicative , intensité d’implication, indice d’implication, différentielle, gradient, surface équipotentielle ABSTRACT In the context of the theory of implicative statistical analysis, a user repeating some experimentation in a specific domain is faced with the issue of the robustness of the metric appraising the quality of the implicative index. In this paper, we address this problem through a differential analysis instead of bootstrapping. We study each individual parameter involved in the implicative index equation. And we compare their variations with those of other indices from the data-mining literature. Furthermore, we study the structure of the vector field they span by focusing on the notion of implicative gradient. From there, a geometrical representation is used to illustrate the index equilibrium problematic through a series of figures of equipotential surfaces.
A Methodology of Measuring Degree of Contextual Subjective Well-Being Using Affective Predicates for Mental Health Aware Service

The contextual subjective well-being (SWB) of context-aware system users can be very helpful in recommending relevant mental health services, especially for those who struggle with mental illness due to a metabolic syndrome or melancholia. Self-surveying measuring or auto-sensing methods have been suggested to monitor users’ SWB. However, self-surveying measuring method is not inappropriate for a context-aware service due to requesting personal data in a manual and hence obtrusive manner. Moreover, auto-sensing methods still suffer from accuracy problem to be applied in mental health services. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a contextual SWB estimation method to estimate the user’s mental health in unobtrusive and accurate manners. This method is timely in that it acquires context data from the user’s literal responses, which expose their temporal feeling. In particular, we developed a measuring method based on exposed feeling verbs and degree adverbs in chat and other text-based communications which show anger or negative feelings. Based on the proposed contextual SWB degree estimation method, we developed an idea of well-being life care recommendation. From the experiment with actual drivers, we demonstrated that the proposed method accurately estimate the user’s degree of negative feelings even though it does not require a self-survey.
A Review of the Factors Affecting the Biodiversity of Constructed Stormwater Management Systems along Roads

Constructed Stormwater Management Systems (CSMSs) are usually designed to treat urban runoff, but can act as artificial habitats that support relatively diverse aquatic ecosystems. However, in order to manage these systems in an environmentally friendly way, more knowledge of the factors affecting the biodiversity within these CSMSs is required. The aim of this thesis was to deduce the main factors that affect the biodiversity within CSMSs. The report is split into two main sections: the first part consisting of a literature review and the second containing data analysis. Following the literature review, the factors that appeared to have the greatest impact on the biodiversity within CSMSs were: salinity; pond size and shape; vegetation; nitrogen oxide concentrations; noise; and PAHs and heavy metal concentrations. However, it is apparent that nature is a complex system, with many of these factors interlinked and interrelated; therefore, no factors should be neglected. Furthermore, different species have various tolerance and lethal concentration levels for each harmful factor. Following the data analysis, it became clear that pond age and CSMSs substrate type also have a statistically significant effect on the biodiversity within CSMSs. Pond age may form a polynomial relationship, with biodiversity increasing in the short-term, peaking and then decreasing in the long-term when heavy metal accumulations become lethal. Clay (naturally) based ponds seem to support the highest biodiversity, with PEHD bases slightly negatively correlated and concrete bases very negatively correlated with biodiversity. Future design and management of CSMSs should consider the potential aquatic habitats that these systems have to offer, as well as being primarily designed to limit pollution to the wider environment. To increase the regional biodiversity, the design of CSMSs should be personalised, at a family level, to satisfy the different needs of Fish, Amphibians and Invertebrates, and to move away from homogeneity and towards heterogeneity.
The Impact of Social Media Pages on Customer Equity and Purchase Intention; An Empirical Study of Mobile Operators

The competitive conditions of the market, the desire to reach the target group directly, and the increasing interest of the consumers to the social media today make the use of social media inevitable. This study set out to identify attributes of marketing communication activities via social media pages of mobile operators in Turkey and examine the relationships among customer equity components (value equity, relationship equity, brand equity) and purchase intention through a structural equation modelling. According to results of the study marketing communication via social media pages has been found to be effective in all components of the customer equity, but value equity does not have a significant effect on purchase intention and there was no relationship between marketing communication via social media pages and purchase intention. The findings of this study can provide an overview of the relationship between social media and customer equity and enable mobile operators to forecast the future purchase intention of their customers more accurately, and it may also provide a guide to managing marketing activities especially on social media as well.
Lag order selection for an optimal autoregressive covariance matrix estimator

A good parametric spectral estimator requires an accurate estimate of the sum of AR coefficients, however a criterion which minimizes the innovation variance not necessarily yields the best spectral estimate. This paper develops an alternative information criterion considering the bias in the sum of the parameters for the autoregressive estimator of the spectral density at frequency zero.
Oral Health and Dental Treatment Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior among Syrian School Children

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of Syrian schoolchildren towards oral health and dental treatment. Methods: Students of this study aged between 11-15 years old attending public schools completed a questionnaire that aimed to evaluate young schoolchildren’s behavior, knowledge, and perception of their oral health. Results: 300 students participated in this study. Results of this study indicated that desire to improve oral health found to be high among children (80%). Dental Anxiety scores were also high (83%). Toothache was the major driving factor for dental visits (81.8%) and regular dental visits weren't necessary for most participants (87.5%). About (73.2%) of the children in this study have not recognized the importance of oral health to the well-being of the rest of the body. (53.8%) of them think that it's possible to treat a cavity at its early stage by brushing, while (28.4%) think that cavities are impossible to avoid. Conclusions: The findings of this study had indicated that the participants had poor oral health behavior, insufficient knowledge, but positive attitudes regarding oral health and dental treatments.
WHISTLEBLOWER REWARD AND SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION EFFECTS ON WHISTLEBLOWING IN ORGANISATIONS

Whistleblowing has become a major concern globally following tremendous organisational misconduct that had befallen huge organisations and has ultimately led to the collapse of some organisations, with its trickling down effects translating into global economic meltdown. Several countries have adopted and signed up to whistleblower acts including Ghana as a way of addressing this challenge of corruption and fraud, for which some organisations have implemented whistleblowing systems and provided reward systems to encourage whistleblowing. The study employs fisher's exact test to analyse the effect of whistleblowing implementation systems in organisations in Ghana and its associated reward systems effects on whistleblowing. It observes that, these have not been as effective as desired, particularly as whistleblowing implemented systems have minimal or no effect and reward systems intended to motivate whistleblowing fails to motivate its essence such that, the presence of these systems have not impacted on organisational productivity.
Condence interval estimation of option prices by using the predicted distribution of implied volatility

Many option pricing formulas have been developed to overcome the restrictive assumptions of Black and Scholes models and to give more accurate prices. Most of the methods are focused on a point prediction of option price. In this paper, we propose a method that predicts a distribution of the implied volatility functions by applying a Gaussian process regression and estimating condence intervals of option prices using the predicted volatility distributions. To verify the performance of the proposed method, we conducted simulations on some model-generated option prices data and real option market data. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs well with practically meaningful option ranges as well as overcomes the problem of containing negative prices in their predicted condence intervals by the previous works.
ATC-PSQUAL scale, a proposal to measure perceived quality of the air traffic Control service

this paper describes the development of the construction of a 21-item instrument, called atC-PsQUal, to measure the perceived quality of the air traffic Control service (atC-air traffic Control). It begins with the conceptualization and operationalization of the service quality, the conceptualization of the ats service and the methodology used in the development of the research; continuing with the procedure used in the construction and refinement of a multi-item scale to measure the construct referenced. Subsequently, evidence of the reliability and construct validity of the proposed instrument, based on surveys applied to customers of the atC service �aircrafts pilots� who have used, in the last three months, the service provided by la Unidad administrativa especial de aeronautica Civil (the Colombian Civil aviation Authority) in the aerospace designated as Barranquilla FIR / UTA is presented. The paper concludes with the important contribution of the atC-PsQUal instrument for the improvement of atC service, not only for civil aviation in Colombia but also globally, becoming a pioneering study in the aeronautical sector, based on the discipline of service marketing, leaving the proposal open for future studies on the subject.
Behavior of Large Anchor Loaded in Tension in Unreinforced/Reinforced Concrete

This paper presents the research results of pullout tensile tests for extra-large sized cast-in-place anchor bolts. These tests were performed to evaluate the tensile performance of large sized anchor not addressed by ACI 318 and ACI 349 Appendix D, that is greater than 2 in anchor diameter or 25 in embedment depth. These tests are also intended to verify if the anchor bolts used in nuclear power plant are within safe margin. The effects of regular (conventional) and special reinforcement on the strength of large sized anchor bolt are also evaluated. From these test results the applicability of design formulae for small sized anchor to the large sized anchors are reviewed and compared with predicted value based on the existing formulae. Suggestions are made how to incorporate the effects of deep embedment or large diameter on the tensile capacity of cast-in-place anchor bolts.
Comprehensive analysis of the start-up period of a full-scale drinking water biofilter provides guidance for optimization

Abstract. The use of biofilters to produce drinking water from anaerobic groundwater is widespread in some European countries. A major disadvantage of biofilters is the long start-up period required for virgin filter medium to become fully functional. Although individual aspects of biofilter start-up have previously been investigated, no comprehensive study in full scale using inherent inoculation has previously been documented. A thorough investigation of a full-scale drinking water biofilter was carried out over 10 weeks of start-up. The many spatial and temporal changes taking place during start-up were documented using a holistic approach. In addition to collection of many samples over time (frequency) and space (filter depth), this study entailed the use of multiple sample media (water, backwash water and filter media) and multiple types of analyses (physical, chemical and microbiological). The decrease in filter effluent concentrations of individual substances to compliance levels followed a specific order that was shown to coincide with the spatiotemporal development of bacteria on the filter media. Due to the abiotic nature of the iron removal process, iron disappears at the earliest in the start-up period followed by substances that require growth of microorganisms. Ammonium disappears next, with nitrite appearing briefly near the end of ammonium removal, followed by manganese. The thorough overall picture obtained by these efforts provides guidance for optimization and monitoring of the start-up. Guidance for optimization includes shortening the start-up by focusing on kick-starting the ammonium removal; limiting the monitoring burden (at-line measurements of ammonium in finished water supplemented with manual manganese measurements when ammonium removal is complete); and improving filter design by isolating the removal processes in separate, smaller filters.
BISAP: A NOVEL METHOD FOR ASSESSING SEVERITY OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS

BACKGROUND: There are many multifactorial scoring systems, radiological scores, and biochemical markers are available for early prediction of severity, and mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). The bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) has been considered as an accurate method for risk stratification in patients with acute pancreatitis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the BISAP as a predictor for severe pancreatitis. METHODS AND MATERIAL: We analyzed 100 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis at our hospital between October 2012 and April 2013. We used BISAP score in all such patients within 24 hours of admission. Patient were assessed for organ failure and followed throughout the period of hospitalization for complications. Statistical analysis was made using the student t test and chi-square test and statistical significance was analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 100 patients, 20% had severe pancreatitis. Acute Pancreatitis was seen male (87%), in 4th decade (70%), alcohol was the most common etiology (60%), biliary pancreatitis (25%), remaining idiopathic (15%). Patients with BISAP >= 3 was associated with transient or persistent organ failure and pancreatic necrosis. CONCLUSION: BISAP scoring is a simple clinical method to identify patients at risk of increased mortality within 24 hours of presentation in patients with acute pancreatitis.
Increasing the Efficiency of the Power Electronic Converter for a Proposed Dual Stator Winding Squirrel-Cage Induction Motor Drive Using a Five-Leg Inverter at Low Speeds

AbstractA dual stator winding squirrel-cage induction motor (DSWIM) is a brushless single-frame induction motor that contains a stator with two isolated three-phase windings wound with dissimilar numbers of poles. Each stator winding is fed by an independent three-phase inverter. The appropriate efficiency of this motor is obtained when the ratio of two frequencies feeding the machine is equal to the ratio of the number of poles. In the vector control method at low speeds, flux is difficult to estimate because the voltage drop on the stator resistance is comparable with the input stator voltage, disturbing the performance of the motor drive. To solve the abovementioned problem, researchers have benefited from the free capacity of the two windings of the stator. This makes the motor deviate from its standard operating mode at low speeds. The main purpose of this paper is reducing the power losses of the inverter unit in the DSWIM drive at low speeds via the proposed control method and a five-leg inverter. This paper deals with two topics: 1. Using the idea of rotor flux compensation at low speeds, the motor works in its standard operating mode. Therefore, the power losses of the utilized power electronic converters are also reduced to a considerable extent; and 2. Reduction in capital cost can be achieved by utilizing a five-leg power electronic converter. The proposed methods are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software, and the results of simulation confirm the assumptions.
A Real Options Approach to the Valuation of an Investment in Eucalyptus

This paper models optimal tree harvesting decisions using real options theory. In the problem considered, we must find the optimal eucalyptus harvesting timing in order to maximize the expected cash flow. The following specificities of the eucalyptus forest must be incorporated into our model: (i) trees younger than seven years old do not fit the industrial requirements of the pulpwood producers; (ii) trees older than fifteen years have a diameter that is too large for its industrial processing; and (iii) eucalyptus trees allow for two rotations, since the trees planted at the beginning of the project are suitable for two cuts. After the first cut the eucalyptus trees grow again, allowing for a second cut without replantation. Options path dependency is then observed, since the moment of exercise of the first option determines the time interval in which the second may be exercised. In addition, we also consider the option to abandon project and the option to convert land to another use. The option value is estimated by solving a dynamic programming model. The basic idea is to approximate the price by a binomial distribution and then establish a discrete-valued binomial lattice of possible future selling price values. Results are reported for a case study in the Portuguese eucalyptus forestry.
Vision Based Context Categorization for All-Terrain Robot

This dissertation presents a model to allow an autonomous ro bot t incrementally learn associations between the global context in which it is immersed a n the most important behaviours used by the robot in that specific context. In a way, the robot l earns what opportunities can a given environment provide in terms of behaviour (e.g., obs tacle avoidance, trail following). The proposed model aims at helping the robot prioritising it s perceptual resources, and consequently contributes to improve its visual capabilities or s kill . In order to capture the global context, agist mechanism is used to obtain a global descriptor of the scene. Th focus on affordances, rather than on objects, i.e., associating conte xt with behaviour instead on the objects that activate the behaviours, enables a self-supervised le arning mechanism without assuming the existence of symbolic object representations, thus fac ilitating the integration of the model on a developmental framework. The focus on affordances also contributes to our understanding on the role of sensorimotor coordination in the organisatio n of adaptive behaviour. Positive results are obtained with a physical experiment in a natural environment, where a handheld camera was transported as if it was being carried by an actual robot with a set of predefined behaviours, such as obstacle avoidance, trail following, a d wandering.
Inferring evolutionary scenarios with geostatistics and geographical information systems for the viperid snakes Vipera latastei and Vipera monticola

The present study aimed to infer evolutionary scenarios for Vipera latastei and Vipera monticola in the Iberian Peninsula and the Maghreb through the identification of spatial patterns in morphological character variation and biogeographic patterns in morphological variability distribution. Ten morphological traits from 630 vipers were analysed with geostatistic and ecological niche modelling in a geographical information system. Interpolation by Kriging was used to generate surfaces of morphological variation, which were combined with spatial principal components analysis (SPCA). Putative morphological differentiated groups generated by SPCA maps were tested with discriminant function analysis (DFA). Maximum entropy modelling and nine environmental variables were used to identify factors limiting the distribution of groups and areas for their potential occurrence. Groups supported by DFA were: Western Iberia, Eastern Iberia, Rif plus Middle Atlas, Algeria, and High Atlas. Their distribution is influenced by common environmental factors such as precipitation. Areas of probable sympatry between Iberian groups matched the morphological clines observed by geostatistics tools. Geographic variation patterns in V. latastei-monticola are probably due to vicariant separation of Iberian and African populations during the opening of the Strait of Gibraltar, and population refugia during the Quaternary glaciations with secondary contact. The taxonomic status of northern Morocco and Algerian groups should be further investigated. We conclude that geostatistics and niche-modelling tools are adequate to infer morphological variability across wide geographic ranges of species. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 95, 790–806.