Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Initial Size Distribution of Sodium Combustion Aerosol

The behavior of sodium hydroxide aerosol is one of the important features in the safety evaluation of a sodium-cooled fast reactor. The vapor phase combustion of the sodium results in the generation of sodium oxide aerosols in the flame zone. The physical and chemical changes of sodium oxide aerosol after leaving the flame zone are very important to understand the sodium oxide aerosol process. The particle size distribution of sodium hydroxide aerosol after leaving the flame zone is measured using both optical and impaction techniques in the Aerosol Test Facility. The mass median diameter is found to be ~1.0 μm for the particles older than 20 s. The size distribution is essentially attributed to sodium hydroxide aerosol. The initial size distribution of particles does not vary with ignition temperatures over the range of 250 to 550°C for a confined pool, whereas the size increases with increase in relative humidity.
Running head: A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE FOR CHILDREN WITH OBESITY A healthier lifestyle for children with obesity and their parents: perceptions of healthcare professionals

Introduction: Care and support for children with obesity is important in stimulating behavioral change towards a healthier lifestyle. However, the perspective of healthcare professionals on obesity and treatment might differ from the perspective of children with obesity and their parents, which could affect communication and treatment outcomes. Research question: The current study examines the facilitators, barriers, needs and possibilities that healthcare professionals observe in children with obesity and their parents in achieving a healthier lifestyle. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eighteen healthcare professionals, including pediatricians, youth health care nurses and a youth health care physician, working in different municipalities across the Netherlands. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and a thematic content analysis was performed by using MAXQDA 2018. Results: Seven themes emerged from the data-analysis. Within these themes, the main facilitators were support from parents and the social network. Main barriers were socioemotional problems of the child, personal problems of parents, lack of parenting skills, parental lack of knowledge and skills regarding a healthier lifestyle, parental lack of acknowledgement of the problem, and a negative attitude of healthcare professionals. To overcome these barriers, the study participants suggested that children with obesity and their parents need a tailored approach in healthcare with a supportive healthcare professional. The participants also saw possibilities in changing the obesogenic environment. Conclusion: Many of the factors that were mentioned by the participating healthcare professionals are consistent with the perspective of children with obesity and their parents found in previous studies. However, the results indicated that the perspectives might differ regarding the theme of motivation. Families could seem unmotivated to healthcare A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE FOR CHILDREN WITH OBESITY 3 professionals, but might have other reasons that hinder them in achieving a healthier lifestyle. Therefore, it is important that the healthcare professional and the patient exchange their perspectives in relation to this topic. A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE FOR CHILDREN WITH OBESITY 4
Acoustic Model Adaptation for Codec Speech based on Learning-by-Doing Concept

Recently, personal digital assistants like cellular phones are shifting to IP terminals. The encoding-decoding process utilized for transmitting over IP networks deteriorates the quality of speech data. This deterioration causes degradation in speech recognition performance. Acoustic model adaptations can improve recognition performance. However, the conventional adaptation methods usually require a large amount of adaptation data. In this paper, we propse a novel acoustic model adaptation technique that generates “speaker-independent” HMM for the target environment based on the learning-by-doing concept. The proposed method uses HMM-based speech synthesis to generate adaptation data from the acoustic model of HMM-based speech recognizer, and consequently does not require any speech data for adaptation. By using the generated data after coding, the acoustic model is adapted to codec speech. Experimental results on G.723. 1 codec speech recognition show that the proposed method improves speech recognition performance. A relative word error rate reduction of approximately 12% was observed.
Vous avez dit "proéminence" ?

Analysing prosody requires the correct identification of prominence peaks. This paper examines the results of an experiment where 7 linguists submitted to a prominence identification task largely failed to agree. We show that prominence detection is proportionate to F0 variation, but not to length, that there exists considerable variation between judges, the best of whom barely attains a 50 % score of correct answers. We conclude that coding prosody in a large corpus will require the use of dedicated software to supplement the work done by individual coders.
A Review of Women Empowerment, its Measurement and Dimensions Promoting the Self Reliance of Livestock Based Households in India

Women empowerment is the end and method of developing a woman‘s capacity to be independently developing her sense of inner strength. The livestock sector predominantly dairying in India is a female dominated enterprise. It is established beyond doubt that women always participated in dairy and animal husbandry activities in addition to their daily household chores as a part and parcel of their daily lives. Women spend more time than men in livestock based production activities but their share in the income derived from the enterprise is much lesser. The major credit for India‘s position as the highest milk International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 9 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Fundamentals of Polymer Engineering

Effect of Chemical Structure on Polymer Properties. Step-Growth Polymerization. Reaction Engineering of Step-Growth Polymerization. Chain Growth Polymerization. Reaction Engineering of Chain Growth Polymerization. Emulsion Polymerization. Measurement of Molecular Weight and Its Distribution. Thermodynamics of Polymer Fixtures. Theory of Rubber Elasticity. Polymer Crystallization. Mechanical Properties. Polymer Diffusion. Flow Behavior of Polymeric Fluids. Polymer Processing.
TEMPORAL GRAPH ANALYSIS FOR OUTBREAK PATTERN DETECTION IN COVID-19 CONTACT TRACING NETWORKS

Problem statement A main challenge for local healthcare authorities in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is tracking and tracing infections and high risk exposure contacts [1]. Accurate analysis of the corresponding data can improve decisions on adapting social restrictions and declaring quarantines to stop the pandemic from spreading. Early detection of outbreaks are vital for a comprehensive public health strategy, especially with the median serial interval for COVID-19 being shorter than the incubation period [2], i.e. people being infectious before developing symptoms in contrast to most other infectious diseases [3]. Contact tracing data can be represented as a temporal graph. We propose a framework consisting of temporal graph analysis methods detecting outbreak patterns in these networks to help the local healthcare authorities manage the situation by identifying persons most at risk of spreading the virus further. We assess our framework on a real world dataset on contact tracing including more than 10k persons.
Mechanized Verification of a Fine-Grained Concurrent Queue from Facebook’s Folly Library

We present the first formal specification and verification of the fine-grained concurrent Multi-Producer-Multi-Consumer Queue algorithm from Facebook’s Folly Library (MPMC queue). The MPMC queue is a highly optimized fine-grained concurrent algorithm, which scales to thousands of consumer threads and which has been implemented in C ++ at Facebook. We present a slightly more high-level implementation of the MPMC queue algorithm and formally prove that it is a contextual refinement of a simple coarse-grained queue (a property which implies that the MPMC queue is linearizable). We formalize our proof using a combination of the ReLoC relational logic and the Iris program logic and the proof is mechanized in the Coq proof assistant. A key challenge of the MPMC queue is that it has a so-called external linarization point , which ReLoC has
Thermodynamic Assessment of the Ni-Ti Phase Diagram

A new assessment of the thermodynamic properties of the stable phases of the Ni-Ti system is presented, based on the experimental thermochemical and phase diagram data from the literature. Suitable sublattice models are used to describe the non-stoichiometries of NiTi and Ni 3 Ti. The calculated phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties show good agreement with the experimental information.
The Design and Development of Games with a Purpose for AI Systems

Collecting training data is often time-consuming, expensive and imposes a bottleneck on many machine learning tasks. Much of training data used to train ML systems is a result of the work of crowdworkers who are paid to do routiniz-able mundane tasks. Games with a purpose leverage game mechanics to use the perceptive capacities of users to collect data in a way that is more enjoyable to crowdworkers. Different machine learning tasks require different types of training data. In this paper, we discuss the design and development of building two games with a purpose: Guess the Word and Fool the AI , designed to collect data from both crowdworkers and domain experts for two very different machine learning problems. To make these games enjoyable and interactive, a team of engineers, research scientists and designers create new games with a purpose around various machine learning tasks. In this paper, we describe the design of these games, how we incorporate game mechanics within these games to make the collection of annotation tasks more efﬁcient but also enjoyable.
Cell cycle-dependent regulation of the human RNA cap methyltransferase (RNMT)

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A new proposal of Word Sense Disambiguation for nouns on a Question Answering System

This paper describes the impact of the application of a Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) algorithm for nouns on AliQAn [16], the Question Answering system with which we have participated in the CLEF-2005. Applying the traditional WSD decreases the performance in 4.7% on the Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR). To solve this problem, we propose two different uses of WSD: (1) to choose a set of synsets instead of the traditional use of WSD, in which only one synset is chosen; (2) to disambiguate the words not present in EuroWordNet (EWN). Using our proposal of WSD the MRR increases a 6.3% with regard to the baseline without WSD. Furthermore, our proposal of WSD increases the MRR with regard to the traditional use of WSD in an 11%. Finally, the implementation of our approach of WSD is computationally efficient by means of a preprocessing of EWN.
Soil and environmental analysis: modern instrumental techniques.

Atomic absorption and flame emission spectrometry, Malcolm S. Cresser inductively coupled plasma spectrometry, Stephen J. Hill, Andrew Fisher and Mark Cave electroanalytical methods, Ian Marr continuous-flow, flow injection and discrete analysis,Anthony C. Edwards, Malcolm S. Cresser and Albert Scott ion chromatography, M. Ali Tabatabai, Nicholas T. Basta and Shreekant V. Karmarkar automated instruments for the determination of total carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur and Oxygen, Keith A. Smithand M. Ali Tabatabai X-ray fluorescence analysis, Philip J. Potts measurement of radioisotopes and ionizing radiation, Olivia J. Marsden and Francis R. Livens stable isotope analysis and applications, Charles M. Scrimgeour and David Robinson measurement of trace gases I - gas analysis, chamber methods and related procedures, Keith Smith and Franz Cohen measurement of trace gases II - micrometeorological methods at the plot-to-landscape scale, John B. Moncrief analysis of organic pollutantsin environmental samples, Julian J.C. Dawson, Helena Maciel, Kirk T. Semple and Graeme I. Paton.
Simulación y validación de los algoritmos de la temperatura de la superficie terrestre para los datos de MODIS y AATSR

Se ha construido una base de datos de perfiles de radiosondeos atmosfericos, de alcance global y para situaciones sin nubes, con la finalidad de simular medidas radiometricas desde sensores abordo de satelite en el infrarrojo termico. El objetivo de la simulacion era generar algoritmos de "split-window" (SW) y angulo dual (DA) para obtener la temperatura de la superficie terrestre (LST) a partir del Terra/Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) y de los datos del Envisat/Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR). La base de datos contiene 382 perfiles de radiosondeo obtenidos desde la superficie terrestre, con una distribucion casi uniforme en contenido de agua precipitable entre 0 y 5.5 cm. Los calculos de transferencia radiativa fueron realizados con el codigo MODTRAN 4 para seis angulos de vision diferentes entre 0 y 65°. Los espectros de radiancia que resultaron se integraron con las funciones del filtro de respuesta de las bandas 31 y 32 del MODIS y en los canales del AATSR a 11 y 12 µm. Utilizando la base de datos de simulacion, se desarrollaron los algoritmos SW adaptados para los datos de MODIS y AATSR. Los dos tipos de algoritmos son cuadraticos en la diferencia de la temperatura de brillo y dependen explicitamente de la emisividad de la superficie terrestre. Estos algoritmos SW y DA fueron validados con medidas del suelo reales de LST tomadas simultaneamente con las observaciones de MODIS y AATSR en una zona de arrozales ancha, llana y termicamente homogenea situada cerca de la ciudad de Valencia, Espana. Los resultados obtenidos no mostraron ningun error sistematico y tenian una desviacion estandar de alrededor de ± 0.5 K para los algoritmos SW en el nadir de los dos sensores; el algoritmo SW utilizado en la vision hacia delante tuvo como resultado un error sistematico de 0.5 K y una desviacion estandar de ± 0.8 K; los resultados menos precisos se obtuvieron en los algoritmos DA con un error sistematico cercano a -2.0 K y una desviacion estandar cercana a ± 1.0 K.
Learning theory from ﬁrst principles Lecture 3: Empirical risk minimization

As our goal is to estimate a binary-valued function, the first idea that comes into mind is to minimize the empirical risk over a hypothesis space of binary-valued functions (or equivalently, space of subsets of X). However, this approach leads to a combinatorial problem which can be computationally intractable and moreover, it is not clear how to control the capacity (i.e., how to regularize) for these type of hypothesis spaces. Learning a real-valued function instead through the framework of convex surrogates simplifies and overcomes this problem as it convexifies the problem and classical penalty-based regularization techniques can be used.
Using Predicated Instructions in Oblivious Data Structures

Multi Party Computation (MPC) deals with the problem which arises if several parties that do not trust each other want to work together in order to jointly execute a program, without the input of the individual parties becomes known to each other. Algorithms which are calculated between these parties must usually be available as a boolean circuit. It is disadvantageous here that converting programs for RAM machines into boolean circuits is associated with a significant increase in program runtime. By means of predicated instructions, algorithms and programs written for regular RAM machines can be translated into efficient MPC programs. For this purpose, this thesis introduces a model in order to discuss certain optimization possibilities of the individual program fragments. Using a practical example, the minimal spanning tree problem, the developed approach is implemented, performance is determined and the result is compared with another known method for solving the problem. It is shown that the program runtimes can be reduced. In practice, the effectiveness strongly depends on the control-flow of the input program. Bei sicherer Mehrparteienberechnung (multi party computation, MPC) arbeiten mehrere sich gegenseitig nicht vertrauende Parteien zusammen, um gemeinsam die Ausführung eines Programmes zu berechnen, ohne dass die Eingabe der einzelnen Parteien für die anderen bekannt wird. Damit Algorithmen zwischen diesen Parteien berechnet werden können, müssen die Algorithmen in der Regel als boolescher Schaltkreis vorliegen. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass das Umwandeln von Programmen für RAM-Maschinen in boolesche Schaltkreise mit einer deutlichen Steigerung der Programmlaufzeit verbunden ist. Mit Hilfe von prädizierten Instruktionen lassen sich Algorithmen und Programme, die für reguläre RAM Maschinen geschrieben wurden, in effiziente MPC Programme übersetzen. Dazu wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit ein Modell eingeführt, um einzelne Optimierungsmöglichkeiten der Programmfragmente zu betrachten. An einem ausgewählten praktischen Beispiel, dem minimalen Spannbaum-Problem, wird dieser Ansatz umgesetzt, die Performance ermittelt und das Ergebnis mit einer weiteren bekannten Methode zum Lösen des Problems verglichen. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass sich durch dieses Vorgehen die Programmlaufzeiten reduzieren lassen. In der Praxis hängt die Effektivität jedoch stark vom Kontrollfluss des Eingabeprogramms ab. Hiermit versichere ich, dass ich diese Arbeit selbständig verfasst und keine anderen, als die angegebenen Quellen und Hilfsmittel benutzt, die wörtlich oder inhaltlich übernommenen Stellen als solche kenntlich gemacht und die Satzung des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie zur Sicherung guter wissenschaftlicher Praxis in der jeweils gültigen Fassung beachtet habe. Karlsruhe, den 28.6. 2020
The J eff = 1 2 ?> insulator Sr3Ir2O7 studied by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

The low-energy electronic structure of the J eff = 1 2 ? > spin–orbit insulator Sr3Ir2O7 has been studied by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. A comparison of the results for bilayer Sr3Ir2O7 with available literature data for the related single-layer compound Sr2IrO4 reveals qualitative similarities and similar J eff = 1 2 ? > bandwidths for the two materials, but also pronounced differences in the distribution of the spectral weight. In particular, photoemission from the J eff = 1 2 ? > states appears to be suppressed. Yet, it is found that the Sr3Ir2O7 data are in overall better agreement with band-structure calculations than the data for Sr2IrO4.
Photoluminescent Enhancement of Ninhydrin Developed Fingerprints by Metal Complexation: Structural Studies of Complexes Formed Between Ruhemann's Purple and Group IIb Metal Salts

Ruhemann's purple (RP), formed in the ninhydrin development of latent fingerprints, readily coordinates to a number of metal cations. The luminescent behavior of the Group IIb complexes has been used in the enhancement of fingerprints developed with ninhydrin. Spectroscopic evidence is presented which indicates that all three complexes have similar structures. The structure of the cadmium complex has been determined by X-ray diffraction and found to contain a 1:1 ratio of metal to chelating agent (RP). The properties of this complex suggest that it is the active agent in the cadmium(II) promoted photoluminescence of ninhydrin developed fingerprints. Coordinated water in the complex explains the need for moisture in the enhancement procedure.
Exploring Weather Data to Predict Activity Attendance in Event-based Social Network

Event-based social networks (EBSNs) connect online and offline lives. They allow online users with similar interests to get together in real life. Attendance prediction for activities in EBSNs has attracted a lot of attention and several factors have been studied. However, the prediction accuracy is not very good for some special activities, such as outdoor activities. Moreover, a very important factor, the weather, has not been well exploited. In this work, we strive to understand how the weather factor impacts activity attendance, and we explore it to improve attendance prediction from the organizer’s view. First, we classify activities into two categories: the outdoor and the indoor activities. We study the different ways that weather factors may impact these two kinds of activities. We also introduce a new factor of event duration. By integrating the above factors with user interest and user-event distance, we build a model of attendance prediction with the weather named GBT-W, based on the Gradient Boosting Tree. Furthermore, we develop a platform to help event organizers estimate the possible number of activity attendance with different settings (e.g., different weather, location) to effectively plan their events. We conduct extensive experiments, and the results show that our method has a better prediction performance on both the outdoor and the indoor activities, which validates the reasonability of considering weather and duration.
A STUDY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS, ROLE OF SOCIAL COMPETENCE AND IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT

Entrepreneurs are, by definition, pioneers in that it is the process of creating something new with the value by devoting necessary time and effort, assuming the accompanying financial, psychic and social risks and receiving the resulting rewards of monetary and personal satisfaction and independence. Dramatic changes in the global environment suggest that successful entrepreneurs must master strategies and skills to withstand the competitive environment. This study aims at studying why some entrepreneurs are more successful while others are not, by focusing on their key social skills and impression management ability. This article the discusses pioneering strategies and offers an understanding as to what strategies and skills are most useful in determining the success of entrepreneurs.