Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flame image recognition system for alumina rotary kiln burning zone

In the rotary kiln alumina production process, because of the complexity and variability of rotary kiln burning zone conditions, some important quality index related process parameters can not be detected continuously on-line.Detecting the different burning zone conditions on-line is a key factor for the whole process automation of alumina industry. The current method depends on flame observation by naked eye.In order to realize automated recognition of burning zone conditions, a method which learned experience and knowledge from naked eye observation was proposed to recognize burning zone conditions by utilizing the image processing technique and pattern classification method.At first, features were extracted from flame images of rotary kiln burning zone and were combined with some important process parameters to constitute a hybrid feature vector.Then a model with a binary tree based SVM (support vector machine) was constructed.At last, a flame image recognition system was developed.The system was successfully applied to a domestic alumina plant, and good economic benefit was realized.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings in a patient with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: A rare hereditary multi-system inflammatory disorder

Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome is a hereditary inflammatory disorder encompassing a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes. This disorder has been associated with mutation of the NLRP3 gene coding for cryopyrin, which leads to overproduction of interleukin-1. The condition causes relapsing bouts of inflammation involving multiple organ systems, including the central nervous system, and, if untreated, can lead to long-term debilitating effects. A literature review revealed only a few brief descriptions of magnetic resonance imaging findings in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome patients. We describe serial magnetic resonance imaging findings in an 11-year-old female with clinically diagnosed cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome who presented with intermittent headaches, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, fevers, and abdominal pain. The magnetic resonance imaging showed progressively worsening low T2 signal in the cochlea, cochlear enhancement, and leptomeningeal enhancement. We also describe some previously unreported findings in this syndrome, including cranial nerve and cauda equina enhancement.
Glucagon, GLP-1 and Thermogenesis

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is a conserved mechanism to maintain body temperature in mammals. However, since BAT contribution to energy expenditure can represent a relevant modulator of metabolic homeostasis, many studies have focused on the nervous system and endocrine factors that control the activity of this tissue. There is long-established evidence that the counter-regulatory hormone glucagon negatively influences energy balance, enhances satiety, and increases energy expenditure. Despite compelling evidence showing that glucagon has direct action on BAT thermogenesis, recent findings are questioning this conventional attribute of glucagon action. Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin secreted by the intestinal tract which strongly decreases feeding, and, furthermore, improves metabolic parameters associated with obesity and diabetes. Therefore, GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1-R) have emerged as a promising target in the treatment of metabolic disorders. In this short review, we will summarize the latest evidence in this regard, as well as the current therapeutic glucagon- and GLP-1-based approaches to treating obesity.
Distribution of Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Genes and Combinations of Their Human Leucocyte Antigen Ligands in 11 Ethnic Populations in China

The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and their human leucocyte antigen (HLA) ligand combinations in different original ethnic populations in China, and thus, to provide relevant genomic diversity data for the future study of viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and reproductive fitness. A total of 1119 unrelated individuals from 11 ethnic populations—including Hani, Jinuo, Lisu, Nu, Bulang, Wa, Dai, Maonan, Zhuang, Tu, and Yugu—from four original groups, were included. The presence/absence of the 16 KIR loci were detected, and the KIR gene’s phenotype, genotype, and haplotype A and B frequencies, as well as KIR ligand’s HLA allotype and KIR–HLA pairs for each population, were calculated. Principal component analysis and phylogenetic trees were constructed to compare the characteristics of the KIR and KIR–HLA pair distributions of these 11 populations. In total, 92 KIR genotypes were identified, including six new genotypes. The KIR and its HLA ligands had a distributed diversity in 11 ethnic populations in China, and each group had its specific KIR and KIR–HLA pair profile. The difference among the KIR–HLA pairs between northern and southern groups, but not among the four original groups, may reflect strong pressure from previous or ongoing infectious diseases, which have a significant impact on KIR and its HLA combination repertoires.
CD4+ T Cell Count, Sleep, Depression, and Anxiety in People Living With HIV: A Growth Curve Mixture Modeling

Abstract We investigated changes in CD4+ T cell counts related to sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and sociodemographic variables in heterogeneous groups of people living with HIV in a 6-month prospective study. Our longitudinal study involved 247 ambulatory patients living with HIV and using antiretroviral therapy. Sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and CD4+ T cell counts were assessed three times at 3-month intervals. Growth curve mixture modeling was conducted to explore changes over time. A two-class mixture model with logarithmic change pattern fit the data best. For the majority of the sample (89.1%), anxiety, depression, and sleep quality did not change when CD4+ T cells increased. For a small proportion of the sample (11.9%), sleep quality, anxiety, and depression deteriorated when CD4+ T cells decreased. Marital status and alcohol use affected the classification significantly. Health care professionals should provide relevant services to people living with HIV with decreasing CD4+ T cell counts.
Efficacy and Safety of Surgical Interventions for Treating Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy via Anterior Approach: A Network Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND Anterior cervical discectomy, with or without interbody fusion, is a common technique to treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). To date, controversy still exists among spine surgeons regarding the anterior surgical approach to be used for the treatment of multilevel CSM. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF), cervical total disc replacement (CTDR), and hybrid surgery (HS) in the treatment of multilevel CSM. STUDY DESIGN Network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized or nonrandomized controlled studies for the treatment of multilevel CSM. METHODS The databases such as PubMed, CENTRAL, and EMBASE were used to search and identify the clinical trials involving the evaluations for the treatment of multilevel CSM. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for the assessment of methodological qualities, whereas the Cochrane Collaboration tool was used for assessing the risk of bias. Outcome assessments included duration of surgery, Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores, and complications. Odds ratio was used to express dichotomous outcomes, whereas mean difference with a 95% confidence interval was used to express continuous outcomes. RESULTS Sixteen relevant studies were identified, and 1,639 patients were included in this analysis. CTDR demonstrated a prominently decreased NDI score and total incidence of complications compared with ACDF, ACCF, and HS. In addition, ACDF resulted in shorter operation times compared with ACCF, CTDR, and HS. The ranked order of NDI score improvement in decreasing order was: CTDR, HS, ACDF, followed by ACCF. The rank order for reduction in operation time increased progressively from ACDF, HS, ACCF to CTDR. The total incidence of complications also showed a decreasing trend in the decreasing order-CTDR, ACDF, HS, ACCF, and finally CTDR with the lowest complication rate. LIMITATIONS The limitations of this NMA include inconformity of the follow-up times and surgical skill, and implants of different treatment centers vary. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of this study has shown that the best method for improvement of functional outcome and reduction in total incidence of complications for multilevel CSM is CTDR. KEY WORDS Multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion, cervical total disc replacement, hybrid surgery, effectiveness, safety, network meta-analysis.
Nutritional Behaviors of Polish Adolescents: Results of the Wise Nutrition—Healthy Generation Project

Background: Recognition of the dominant dietary behaviors with respect to gender and specific age groups can be helpful in the development of targeted and effective nutritional education. The purpose of the study was to analyze the prevalence of the selected eating behaviors (favorable: Consuming breakfasts, fruit, vegetables, milk and milk beverages, whole grain bread and fish; adverse: Regular consumption of sweets, sugared soft drinks and fast-foods) among Polish adolescents. Methods: Data on the nutritional behaviors were collected using a questionnaire. Body mass status was assessed based on weight and height measurements. Results: 14,044 students aged 13–19 years old from 207 schools participated in the study. Significant differences were found in the nutritional behaviors depending on age, gender and nutritional status. Favorable nutritional behaviors corresponded with each other, the same relationship was observed for adverse behaviors. The frequency of the majority of healthy eating behaviors decreased with age, whereas the incidence of adverse dietary behaviors increased with age. Underweight adolescents more often consumed sugared soft drinks, sweets and fast food compared to their peers with normal and excessive body mass. Conclusions: A significant proportion of adolescents showed unhealthy nutritional behaviors. Showing changes in the incidence of nutritional behaviors depending on age, gender and body weight status, we provide data that can inform the development of dietary interventions tailored to promote specific food groups among adolescents on different stages of development to improve their diet quality.
A Review on Brittle Fracture Nanomechanics by All-Atom Simulations

Despite a wide range of current and potential applications, one primary concern of brittle materials is their sudden and swift collapse. This failure phenomenon exhibits an inability of the materials to sustain tension stresses in a predictable and reliable manner. However, advances in the field of fracture mechanics, especially at the nanoscale, have contributed to the understanding of the material response and failure nature to predict most of the potential dangers. In the following contribution, a comprehensive review is carried out on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of brittle fracture, wherein the method provides new data and exciting insights into fracture mechanism that cannot be obtained easily from theories or experiments on other scales. In the present review, an abstract introduction to MD simulations, advantages, current limitations and their applications to a range of brittle fracture problems are presented. Additionally, a brief discussion highlights the theoretical background of the macroscopic techniques, such as Griffith’s criterion, crack tip opening displacement, J-integral and other criteria that can be linked to the fracture mechanical properties at the nanoscale. The main focus of the review is on the recent advances in fracture analysis of highly brittle materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, silicon carbide, amorphous silica, calcium carbonate and silica aerogel at the nanoscale. These materials are presented here due to their extraordinary mechanical properties and a wide scope of applications. The underlying review grants a more extensive unravelling of the fracture behaviour and mechanical properties at the nanoscale of brittle materials.
Treatment Outcomes and Mechanisms for an ACT‐Based 10‐Week Interdisciplinary Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Program

Interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programs are an evidence‐based biopsychosocial treatment approach for chronic pain. The purpose of the current study is to assess outcomes for a 10‐week interdisciplinary, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)‐based, outpatient treatment model and to evaluate the relationship between psychological process variables (ie, pain catastrophizing, pain acceptance, pain self‐efficacy) and treatment outcomes.
Highly Sensitive Shack–Hartmann Wavefront Sensor: Application to Non-Transparent Tissue Mimic Imaging with Adaptive Light-Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy

High-quality in-depth imaging of three-dimensional samples remains a major challenge in modern microscopy. Selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) is a widely used technique that enables imaging of living tissues with subcellular resolution. However, scattering, absorption, and optical aberrations limit the depth at which useful imaging can be done. Adaptive optics (AOs) is a method capable of measuring and correcting aberrations in different kinds of fluorescence microscopes, thereby improving the performance of the optical system. We have incorporated a wavefront sensor adaptive optics scheme to SPIM (WAOSPIM) to correct aberrations induced by optically-thick samples, such as multi-cellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). Two-photon fluorescence provides us with a tool to produce a weak non-linear guide star (NGS) in any region of the field of view. The faintness of NGS; however, led us to develop a high-sensitivity Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS). This paper describes this newly developed SHWS and shows the correction capabilities of WAOSPIM using NGS in thick, inhomogeneous samples like MCTS. We report improvements of up to 79% for spatial frequencies corresponding to cellular and subcellular size features.
Motivational intensity and visual word search: Layout matters

Motivational intensity has been previously linked to information processing. In particular, it has been argued that affects which are high in motivational intensity tend to narrow cognitive scope. A similar effect has been attributed to negative affect, which has been linked to narrowing of cognitive scope. In this paper, we investigated how these phenomena manifest themselves during visual word search. We conducted three studies in which participants were instructed to perform word category identification. We manipulated motivational intensity by controlling reward expectations and affect via reward outcomes. Importantly, we altered visual search paradigms, assessing the effects of affective manipulations as modulated by information arrangement. We recorded multiple physiological signals (EEG, EDA, ECG and eye tracking) to assess whether motivational states can be predicted by physiology. Across the three studies, we found that high motivational intensity narrowed visual attentional scope by altering visual search strategies, especially when information was displayed sparsely. Instead, when information was vertically listed, approach-directed motivational intensity appeared to improve memory encoding. We also observed that physiology, in particular eye tracking, may be used to detect biases induced by motivational intensity, especially when information is sparsely organised.
Oligonucleotide-based Preconditioning of DCD Cardiac Donors and its Impact on Cardiac Viability.

BACKGROUND While clinical DCD cardiac transplantation is being implemented with increasing frequency to address the supply/demand mismatch of donor grafts, no research to date has examined a strategy of donor pre-conditioning to optimize the viability of DCD hearts for transplantation. In our rat model of the DCD protocol, we investigate the impact of pre-treating donors with CpG oligo-deoxynucleotide (ODN), and its effects on cardiac function, injury, and a novel left ventricular messenger RNA (mRNA) biomarker panel. METHODS DCD rats were subjected to a withdrawal protocol, followed by 20 minutes of warm acirculatory stand-off, representing a group of severely injured hearts as previously demonstrated. Beating heart controls (BHC) and DCD rats were pre-treated with vehicle or stimulatory CpG ODN (BST and DST). Hearts were harvested for ex-situ heart perfusion (ESHP), where left ventricular function, histochemical injury, and differences in gene expression were characterized between groups. RESULTS Donor pre-treatment with CpG ODN doubled the number of functional DCD hearts at ESHP. Pre-treatment was associated with improved systolic and diastolic left ventricular function, a reduction in histologic injury, and markedly reduced elaboration of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) in coronary effluent during ESHP. Pre-treatment was also associated with a reduction in mRNA biomarkers associated with myocardial injury. CONCLUSIONS A single dose of CpG ODN was associated with reduced biomarkers of cardiac injury and a 100% increase in cardiac viability in this rodent model of marginal DCD cardiac donation.
Abcc5 Knockout Mice Have Lower Fat Mass and Increased Levels of Circulating GLP‐1

A previous genome‐wide association study linked overexpression of an ATP‐binding cassette transporter, ABCC5, in humans with a susceptibility to developing type 2 diabetes with age. Specifically, ABCC5 gene overexpression was shown to be strongly associated with increased visceral fat mass and reduced peripheral insulin sensitivity. Currently, the role of ABCC5 in diabetes and obesity is unknown. This study reports the metabolic phenotyping of a global Abcc5 knockout mouse.
Encapsulation of Essential Oils for the Development of Biosourced Pesticides with Controlled Release: A Review

Essential oil (EO) encapsulation can be carried out via a multitude of techniques, depending on applications. Because of EOs’ biological activities, the development of biosourced pesticides with EO encapsulation is of great interest. A lot of methods have been developed; they are presented in this review, together with the properties of the final products. Encapsulation conserves and protects EOs from outside aggression, but also allows for controlled release, which is useful for applications in agronomy. The focus is on the matrices that are of interest for the controlled release of their content, namely: alginate, chitosan, and cyclodextrin. Those three matrices are used with several methods in order to create EO encapsulation with different structures, capacities, and release profiles.
A Nurse-Led Cognitive Training Intervention for Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.

Diabetes increases the risk for cognitive impairment and doubles the rate of cognitive decline after diagnosis. In turn, cognitive dysfunction makes diabetes self-management more difficult. Nurses who help manage these conditions are focused on identifying patients at risk for complications, promoting symptom management, and preventing further decline. The purpose of the current study was to develop and pilot test a nurse-led comprehensive cognitive training intervention for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the Memory Attention and Problem Solving Skills in Persons With Diabetes Mellitus (MAPSS-DM). The 8-week intervention combined in-person classes and online computer training. Development included: (a) adaptation of established, tested interventions; (b) interviews with stakeholders; (c) integration of course content; and (d) pilot testing of the intervention in a one-group, pre-/posttest design (N = 19). Postintervention scores improved in all areas; improvements were statistically significant for diet adherence (t[18] = -2.41, p < 0.005), memory ability (t[18] = 5.54, p < 0.01), and executive function (t[18] = 3.11, p < 0.01). Fifty-eight percent of participants stated the intervention helped their diabetes self-management, and 74% indicated they wanted to continue using cognitive strategies learned in the intervention. Results from this study showed the MAPSS-DM to be a promising cognitive training intervention for individuals with T2DM. TARGETS Individuals with T2DM. INTERVENTION DESCRIPTION In-person classes and online computer training of a cognitive training intervention. MECHANISMS OF ACTION Participants who completed the intervention would show improved cognitive function, which would result in improved self-management adherence followed by better glycemic control. OUTCOMES Improved diabetes self-management and sustained use of learned cognitive strategies. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2019; 12(4):203-212. ].
Do Older People with Diabetes Meet the Recommended Weekly Physical Activity Targets? An Analysis of Objective Physical Activity Data

Appropriate management of diabetes mellitus (DM) includes following a healthy lifestyle, in which reaching physical activity (PA) recommendations is an important factor. Despite this, it remains unclear whether people with DM meet the recommended PA targets. We therefore aimed to investigate the proportion of older adults with DM (type 1 and 2) engaging in the recommended amount of PA per week in a cross-sectional study. PA levels were objectively measured using the GT1M ActiGraph accelerometer for seven consecutive days, and the cut-off of 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was used. To assess the relationship between not meeting the recommendation for, and the significant factors associated with PA level (MVPA < 150 min/week), a multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied. 197 diabetic participants (mean age = 66.8 years; 46.7% males) spent only 74.5 ± 94.4 min/weekly in MVPA, and only 39 (=19.8%) reached the cut-off for sufficient PA levels. Significant correlates of not meeting the recommendation for PA levels were female sex, depressive symptoms, and age. In conclusion, only one-fifth of diabetic people reached the recommended amount of PA, suggesting that more intervention is needed to increase PA levels in this population.
Use of Machine Learning and Wearable Sensors to Predict Energetics and Kinematics of Cutting Maneuvers

Changes of directions and cutting maneuvers, including 180-degree turns, are common locomotor actions in team sports, implying high mechanical load. While the mechanics and neurophysiology of turns have been extensively studied in laboratory conditions, modern inertial measurement units allow us to monitor athletes directly on the field. In this study, we applied four supervised machine learning techniques (linear regression, support vector regression/machine, boosted decision trees and artificial neural networks) to predict turn direction, speed (before/after turn) and the related positive/negative mechanical work. Reference values were computed using an optical motion capture system. We collected data from 13 elite female soccer players performing a shuttle run test, wearing a six-axes inertial sensor at the pelvis level. A set of 18 features (predictors) were obtained from accelerometers, gyroscopes and barometer readings. Turn direction classification returned good results (accuracy > 98.4%) with all methods. Support vector regression and neural networks obtained the best performance in the estimation of positive/negative mechanical work (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.42–0.43, mean absolute error = 1.14–1.41 J) and running speed before/after the turns (R2 = 0.66–0.69, mean absolute error = 0.15–018 m/s). Although models can be extended to different angles, we showed that meaningful information on turn kinematics and energetics can be obtained from inertial units with a data-driven approach.