Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vibrational Energy Transfer in CO+N2 Collisions: A Database for V–V and V–T/R Quantum-Classical Rate Coefficients

Knowledge of energy exchange rate constants in inelastic collisions is critically required for accurate characterization and simulation of several processes in gaseous environments, including planetary atmospheres, plasma, combustion, etc. Determination of these rate constants requires accurate potential energy surfaces (PESs) that describe in detail the full interaction region space and the use of collision dynamics methods capable of including the most relevant quantum effects. In this work, we produce an extensive collection of vibration-to-vibration (V–V) and vibration-to-translation/rotation (V–T/R) energy transfer rate coefficients for collisions between CO and N2 molecules using a mixed quantum-classical method and a recently introduced (A. Lombardi, F. Pirani, M. Bartolomei, C. Coletti, and A. Laganà, Frontiers in chemistry, 7, 309 (2019)) analytical PES, critically revised to improve its performance against ab initio and experimental data of different sources. The present database gives a good agreement with available experimental values of V–V rate coefficients and covers an unprecedented number of transitions and a wide range of temperatures. Furthermore, this is the first database of V–T/R rate coefficients for the title collisions. These processes are shown to often be the most probable ones at high temperatures and/or for highly excited molecules, such conditions being relevant in the modeling of hypersonic flows, plasma, and aerospace applications.
Temporal Evolution of the PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 Ratio vs Serum Lactate during Resuscitation in Septic Shock

Abstract Background Lactate as a target for resuscitation in patients with septic shock has important limitations. The PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio may be used as an alternative for the same. The primary outcome of the study is to evaluate the correlation between serum lactate and PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio measured at various time points to a maximum of 24 hours in patients with septic shock [mean arterial pressure (MAP) <65 mm Hg]. The secondary outcomes were to study the (1) relationship between the PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio and lactate clearance at 6, 12, and 24 hours as compared to the initial serum lactate, (2) to ascertain whether the PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio and the arterial lactate levels in the first 24 hours are able to predict mortality at day 28 of enrollment, and (3) to determine whether the PcvCO2–PaCO2/ CaO2–CcvO2 ratio and arterial lactate are useful in discriminating survivors from nonsurvivors. Materials and methods Thirty patients with sepsis-induced hypotension who were being actively resuscitated were enrolled. Paired arterial and central venous blood samples were obtained 0.5 hourly till stabilization of MAP and 6 hourly thereafter for the first 24 hours. Patients were followed up to day 28 of enrollment for mortality and organ system failure. Results A positive correlation was observed between arterial lactate and PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio at 0, 6, 12, and 18 hours (R = 0.413, p = 0.02; R = 0.567, p = 0.001; R = 0.408, p = 0.025; R = 0.521, p = 0.003, respectively). No correlation was seen between PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio and lactate clearance. The subgroup analysis showed that PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio >1.696 at 24 hours of resuscitation predicted 28-day mortality (sensitivity: 80%, specificity 69.2%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.82). Conclusion The PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 ratio and lactate are positively correlated during the first 24 hours of active resuscitation from sepsis-induced hypotension, and a threshold of 1.696 mm Hg/mL/dL at 24 hours significantly differentiates survivors from nonsurvivors (CTRI/2017/11/010342). How to cite this article Madabhushi S, Trikha A, Anand RK, Ramachandran R, Singh PM, Rewari V. Temporal Evolution of the PcvCO2–PaCO2/CaO2–CcvO2 Ratio vs Serum Lactate during Resuscitation in Septic Shock. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021; 25(12):1370–1376.
Analysis of interactions of criteria and sub-criteria for the selection of supplier in the built-in-order supply chain environment

The supplier decision-making problem is complicated by several criteria and sub-criteria. The criteria and sub-criteria used may vary across different product categories and situations. The aim of this article is to analyse the interaction of criteria and sub-criteria that are used to select the supplier for the built-in-order supply chain environment in the original equipment manufacturing company. The paper aims to demonstrate how the model can help in solving such decisions in practice. This paper uses the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) methodology to understand the interactions among the criteria, which influences the supplier selection. The effectiveness of the ISM model is illustrated using a case study taken in a company in the southern part of India.
Advanced Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging in Cardiology

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide. An effective management and treatment of CVDs highly relies on accurate diagnosis of the disease. As the most common imaging technique for clinical diagnosis of the CVDs, US imaging has been intensively explored. Especially with the introduction of deep learning (DL) techniques, US imaging has advanced tremendously in recent years. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is one of the most promising new imaging methods in addition to the existing clinical imaging methods. It can characterize different tissue compositions based on optical absorption contrast and thus can assess the functionality of the tissue. This paper reviews some major technological developments in both US (combined with deep learning techniques) and PA imaging in the application of diagnosis of CVDs.
Improved three-phase load flow using phase and sequence components

The single-phase load flow is efficiently optimised for the rapid solution of power flow and voltages in large systems. The three-phase load flow, at present treated simply as an extension of the single-phase load flow, is primarily used to calculate asymmetry at fundamental frequency throughout the transmission system. A new three-phase load flow, radically different from the single-phase load flow, is proposed. The new load flow is more suited to the analysis of power quality problems in the transmission system. A mixed combination of sequence and phase component mismatches is used, with emphasis on robust convergence rather than speed. It is shown that the three-phase load flow will find one of two solutions at each load busbar, one of which corresponds to abnormal levels of zero sequence voltage. The abnormal solution can be avoided by ensuring a path for zero-sequence current from the load.
Design of a Mooring System With Synthetic Ropes for the FLOW Wave Energy Converter

Martifer Energia is developing a concept of a wave energy converter (WEC) to be used at near shore locations with water depths starting at around 40m. It is a floating device composed of two bodies connected by a one degree of freedom articulation. The energy is extracted at the articulation by a power takeoff system actuated by the relative motion between the bodies. One of the important components of many WECs is the mooring system, since usually the cost is large compared global cost of the device. In this case the WEC will be moored by a spread mooring that allows the device to weathervane with the environmental loads. The paper presents one design solution for the mooring system investigated during the development stage of the concept. It is composed of four hybrid lines, each one with a segment of nylon rope connected to the floating device and a part of chain that contacts with the sea bottom and ends at the anchor. The wave frequency hydrodynamics are first calculated with a frequency domain boundary element method. The nonlinear cable dynamics problem, which is coupled to the slow drift motions of the floater, is solved in the time domain by a finite difference method. The design considers the climatology of the future area of operation of the prototype. Since the loads on the lines depend on the characteristics of the lines themselves, the design solution is obtained iteratively. Appropriate safety factors are considered. The result is the number of mooring lines, their angular separation, length and diameter of each line component.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Run-to-run overlay control of steppers in semiconductor manufacturing systems based on history data analysis and neural network modeling

This paper presents a new run-to-run control scheme to reduce overlay misalignment errors in steppers and demonstrates the feasibility of the scheme by real-time experimental tests. The overlay misalignment error mainly depends on two factors: one is the internal dynamics of photo processes and steppers and the other is the process history of lots, such as base equipment and reticles. Based on these observations, a new control scheme was designed to find the stepper inputs minimizing the misalignment errors based on history data analysis and neural network models. Moreover, we demonstrated that the proposed control scheme reduces the spec-out ratios as well as the number of engagements of the send-ahead wafer process, which thereby results in the increase of product yield in semiconductor manufacturing.
Crash Diagnosis and Price Rebound Prediction in NYSE Composite Index Based on Visibility Graph and Time-Evolving Stock Correlation Network

This study proposes a framework to diagnose stock market crashes and predict the subsequent price rebounds. Based on the observation of anomalous changes in stock correlation networks during market crashes, we extend the log-periodic power-law model with a metric that is proposed to measure network anomalies. To calculate this metric, we design a prediction-guided anomaly detection algorithm based on the extreme value theory. Finally, we proposed a hybrid indicator to predict price rebounds of the stock index by combining the network anomaly metric and the visibility graph-based log-periodic power-law model. Experiments are conducted based on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index from 4 January 1991 to 7 May 2021. It is shown that our proposed method outperforms the benchmark log-periodic power-law model on detecting the 12 major crashes and predicting the subsequent price rebounds by reducing the false alarm rate. This study sheds light on combining stock network analysis and financial time series modeling and highlights that anomalous changes of a stock network can be important criteria for detecting crashes and predicting recoveries of the stock market.
High Performance Computing in Satellite SAR Interferometry: A Critical Perspective

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry has rapidly evolved in the last decade and can be considered today as a mature technology, which incorporates computationally intensive and data-intensive tasks. In this paper, a perspective on the state-of-the-art of high performance computing (HPC) methodologies applied to spaceborne SAR interferometry (InSAR) is presented, and the different parallel algorithms for interferometric processing of SAR data are critically discussed at different levels. Emphasis is placed on the key processing steps, which typically occur in the interferometric techniques, categorized according to their computational relevance. Existing implementations of the different InSAR stages using diverse parallel strategies and architectures are examined and their performance discussed. Furthermore, some InSAR computational schemes selected in the literature are analyzed at the level of the entire processing chain, thus emphasizing their potentialities and limitations. Therefore, the survey focuses on the inherent computational approaches enabling large-scale interferometric SAR processing, thus offering insight into some open issues, and outlining future trends in the field.
Impact of the Synthesis Method on the Conventional and Persistent Luminescence in Gd3–xCexGa3Al2O12

The series of Gd3–xCexGa3Al2O12 nanopowders doped with different concentrations of Ce3+ ions were prepared by Pechini (sol–gel) and combustion methods. The structure and morphology of the powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. It was found that the synthesis method has a great impact on the morphology and, consequently, spectroscopic properties of the powders. Optical properties of the powders were examined using excitation, emission, and luminescence kinetic measurements. For all powders, persistent luminescence and emission decay processes were studied. The most intense luminescence was observed for the powder with 0.5 mol % of Ce3+ synthesized using the combustion method and 1 mol % in the case of the sol–gel sample. The longest and brightest persistent luminescence was observed for the powders doped with 0.1 mol % (combustion) and 0.2 mol % of Ce3+ ions (sol–gel). The thermoluminescence measurements were done for the powders prepared using different methods to understand the impact of the synthesis conditions on the number and depths of the traps involved in persistent luminescence. On the basis of spectroscopic measurements, the mechanism of persistent luminescence was constructed and discussed.
Power system static security assessment using the Kohonen neural network classifier

The operating point of a power system can be defined as a vector whose components are active and reactive power measurements. If the security criterion is prevention of line overloads, the boundaries of the secure domain of the state space are given by the maximal admissible currents of the transmission lines. The application of an artificial neural network, Kohonen's self-organizing feature map, for the classification of power system states is presented. This classifier maps vectors of an N-dimensional space to a 2-dimensional neural net in a nonlinear way, preserving the topological order of the input vectors. Therefore, secure operating points, that is, vectors inside the boundaries of the secure domain, are mapped to a different region of the neural map than insecure operating points. These mappings are studied using a nonlinear power system model. Choice of security criteria and state space are discussed. <<ETX>>
Analysing Powder Injection Moulding of a Helix Geometry Using Soft Tooling

Freeform injection moulding is a novel technology for powder injection moulding where a sacrificial 3D printed mould (i.e., a soft tooling) is used as an insert in the injection process. The use of 3D printed moulds enable a higher geometrical design flexibility as compared to the conventional injection moulding process. However, there is still very limited knowledge on how the sacrificial soft tooling material and powder suspension handles the increased geometrical complexity during the process. In this study, a stainless steel powder suspension is injected into a geometrically challenging sacrificial mould (viz. a helix structure) that is produced by vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing. Computed tomography is used to quantify the geometrical precision of the mould both before and after injection. In addition, a new numerical model that considers the suspension feedstock is developed to investigate the powder injection moulding process. The numerical results are found to be in qualitative good agreement with the experimental findings in terms of pinpointing critical areas of the structure, thereby highlighting a new pathway for evaluating sacrificial inserts for powder injection moulding with a high geometrical complexity.
Curve and surface optimization within the CAD/CAM environment

The design of free-form curves and surfaces often involves multiple criteria and more than one solution, which is governed by a number of geometric constraints, making the optimization of curves and surfaces mostly manual, very time consuming and complex. An attempt is being made to automate the optimisation process within the computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) environment. The research reported in this paper addresses the needs for curve and surface optimization in a CAD/CAM environment, in relation to current state-of-the-art research and practice in this area. An existing multi-modal optimization technique, the Diversity Control Genetic Algorithm, is used within an existing CAD/CAM system for this purpose. The integration presents a framework for the flexible optimization of free-form curves and surfaces within the CATIA CAD/CAM environment. A case study based on a European automotive industry is presented for automotive curve/surface optimization. The paper finally identifies areas of further research.
Root-to-Shoot Long-Distance Mobile miRNAs Identified from Nicotiana Rootstocks

Root-derived mobile signals play critical roles in coordinating a shoot’s response to underground conditions. However, the identification of root-to-shoot long-distance mobile signals has been scant. In this study, we aimed to characterize root-to-shoot endogenous mobile miRNAs by using an Arabidopsis/Nicotiana interfamilial heterograft in which these two taxonomically distant species with clear genetic backgrounds had sufficient diversity in differentiating miRNA sources. Small RNA deep sequencing analysis revealed that 82 miRNAs from the Arabidopsis scion could travel through the graft union to reach the rootstock, whereas only a very small subset of miRNA (6 miRNAs) preferred the root-to-shoot movement. We demonstrated in an ex vivo RNA imaging experiment that the root-to-shoot mobile Nb-miR164, Nb-miR395 and Nb-miR397 were targeted to plasmodesmata using the bacteriophage coat protein MS2 system. Furthermore, the Nb-miR164 was shown to move from the roots to the shoots to induce phenotypic changes when its overexpressing line was used as rootstock, strongly supporting that root-derived Nb-miR164 was able to modify the scion trait via its long-distance movement.
Sexually Dimorphic Effects of a Western Diet on Brain Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Neurocognitive Function

A Western diet (WD), high in sugars and saturated fats, impairs learning and memory function and contributes to weight gain. Mitochondria in the brain provide energy for neurocognitive function and may play a role in body weight regulation. We sought to determine whether a WD alters behavior and metabolic outcomes in male and female rodents through impacting hippocampal and hypothalamic mitochondrial bioenergetics. Results revealed a sexually dimorphic macronutrient preference, where males on the WD consumed a greater percentage of calories from fat/protein and females consumed a greater percentage of calories from a sugar-sweetened beverage. Both males and females on a WD gained body fat and showed impaired glucose tolerance when compared to same-sex controls. Males on a WD demonstrated impaired hippocampal functioning and an elevated tendency toward a high membrane potential in hippocampal mitochondria. Comprehensive bioenergetics analysis of WD effects in the hypothalamus revealed a tissue-specific adaption, where males on the WD oxidized more fat, and females oxidized more fat and carbohydrates at peak energy demand compared to same-sex controls. These results suggest that adult male rats show a susceptibility toward hippocampal dysfunction on a WD, and that hypothalamic mitochondrial bioenergetics are altered by WD in a sex-specific manner.
Nice work if you can get it: the mercurial career of creative industries policy

Driven by the belief that culture-based enterprise can be promoted as a driver of economic development, governments all over the world have developed policies aimed at boosting their creative industries. These policies ought to present some new, long-term opportunities for cultural workers, but in practice they seem more likely to universalise the traditionally precarious work profile of artists. Focusing on the career of creative industry policy in the UK, the USA and China, this paper calls for an assessment of its model of job creation from the standpoint of quality of work life.
Baseline Insulin Resistance Is a Determinant of the Small, Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Response to Diets Differing in Saturated Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrate Contents

Individual responses to diet vary but causes other than genetics are poorly understood. This study sought to determine whether baseline values of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was related to changes in small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL, i.e., LDL4, d = 1.044–1.063 g/mL) amounts quantified by isopycnic density profiling, in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects (n = 27) consuming one of three low saturated fatty acid (SFA) diets: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet (BOLD) and BOLD plus extra protein (BOLD+) when compared to a higher-SFA healthy American diet (HAD). The diets were consumed in random order for 5 wk, with 1 wk between diets. BOLD+ reduced fractional abundance (%) LDL4 (p < 0.05) relative to HAD, DASH and BOLD, and reductions in % LDL4 correlated with reductions in triglycerides (p = 0.044), total cholesterol (p = 0.014), LDL cholesterol (p = 0.004) and apolipoprotein B (p < 0.001). Responses to the four diets were similar (~12% decrease in % LDL4, p = 0.890) in the lower (<2.73 median) HOMA-IR subgroup but differed across diet conditions in the higher HOMA-IR subgroup (p = 0.013), in which % LDL4 was reduced with BOLD+ (−11%), was unchanged in BOLD and increased with the HAD (8%) and DASH (6%) diets (p < 0.05 for BOLD+ vs. HAD). Individual responses to diet interventions are influenced by presence and degree of insulin resistance as measured by HOMA-IR.
Inspection and the media : the media and inspection

Research on the media’s role in policy is long-established (see for example Fitzgerald & Housley 2009; Gerstl-Pepin 2007; Gewirtz et al. 2007; Wallace 2007), but there has not been so much attention to the relationship between inspectorates and media. In this chapter, we argue that inspectorates depend on the media: the capacity of the media to publicise and spread their messages about school success and failure contributes very strongly to their influence. However it also seems to be the case that as inspectorates use and exploit the media to spread their messages about school performance, and thus buttress their authority and greatly extend their reach beyond the education world, they also become vulnerable to media pressure and – to a degree – reliant on media coverage to sustain their authority. In other words, there is an interdependent relationship between inspection and the media, in which media priorities may adversely affect the image of inspection. Thus while Ofsted has become highly visible and a topic of household conversation, greatly increasing its presence in the lives of parents, pupils and teachers, this is especially the case where stories of school success and failure are presented in highly dramatic terms (as victories, defeats, struggles and disasters). There are obvious risks for Ofsted in this presentation of their work: pressure to find stories that will attract coverage undermines attention to the substantial but more mundane aspects of inspection, and creates expectations of powerful inspection effects. Indeed negative media coverage of schools ‘in crisis’ reinforces the demand for political action, and heightens the perception of inspectorates as a force for powerful, effective intervention. There is, moreover, a pre-occupation in the tabloid press with reporting ‘bad news’, so that dramatic coverage of failing schools reinforces public perception of schooling in crisis and contributes to pressure on inspectorates. Against such a background, it is apparent that the relationship with the media is complex, and that it plays a significant role in our analysis of inspection as a governing practice.