Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Product pricing considering product quality in return case

To meet the needs of the Internet of Things, every edge device is equipped with the functions of data collection, analysis, calculation, communication, and intelligence. Based on the consumption pattern of offline experience and online purchase, and considering the impact of product quality differences, product defects, and offline service level on customers' purchasing behavior, this paper uses the model (Multinominal Logit Model) to research customers' choice behavior and online product pricing. This paper takes the pricing of dual-channel retailers in different channels as the background, and how to maximize the retailer's profit as the goal, establishes the loss cost model of customer returns, and analyzes the influence of quality problem returns on the optimal pricing and profit of retailers in different channels. The study found that the offline service level remains at 0.24 and retailers can obtain the best profit; the optimal price decreases with the online product quality and the optimal profit increases. In the omni-channel environment, customers can buy products according to their own utility and preferences freely switch between various channels, retailers in the face of customer return this situation, can start from their own interests, provide appropriate service level, reasonable control product quality, make the optimal pricing, maximize their own profits. This study expands the theory of online product pricing from the perspective of customers behavior, provides a more flexible pricing mechanism for enterprises, and speeds up the development and application of intelligent edge computing systems.
Bidirectional Modulation of Neuronal Cells Electrical and Mechanical Properties Through Pristine and Functionalized Graphene Substrates

In recent years, the quest for surface modifications to promote neuronal cell interfacing and modulation has risen. This course is justified by the requirements of emerging technological and medical approaches attempting to effectively interact with central nervous system cells, as in the case of brain-machine interfaces or neuroprosthetic. In that regard, the remarkable cytocompatibility and ease of chemical functionalization characterizing surface-immobilized graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) make them increasingly appealing for these purposes. Here, we compared the (morpho)mechanical and functional adaptation of rat primary hippocampal neurons when interfaced with surfaces covered with pristine single-layer graphene (pSLG) and phenylacetic acid-functionalized single-layer graphene (fSLG). Our results confirmed the intrinsic ability of glass-supported single-layer graphene to boost neuronal activity highlighting, conversely, the downturn inducible by the surface insertion of phenylacetic acid moieties. fSLG-interfaced neurons showed a significant reduction in spontaneous postsynaptic currents (PSCs), coupled to reduced cell stiffness and altered focal adhesion organization compared to control samples. Overall, we have here demonstrated that graphene substrates, both pristine and functionalized, could be alternatively used to intrinsically promote or depress neuronal activity in primary hippocampal cultures.
Investigation of Metal-Dependence in DNAzymes and Applications of DNAzymes and Aptamers for Diagnostics

DNAzymes and aptamers are functional DNA molecules which can catalyze a reaction or can bind specifically to a chemical or biological target, respectively. They have not been found in nature and were first isolated by a combinatorial biology process called in vitro selection in the 1990’s. 1-3 A large random pool of nucleic acid sequences (~10 14 sequences) is subjected to iterative rounds of selection and amplification. In each round, ‘winner’ sequences with the desired activity or binding affinity are separated and then amplified by polymerase chain reaction to be used for the next round of selection.
Systematic Evaluation of HLA-G 3’Untranslated Region Variants in Locally Advanced, Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: UTR-1, 2 or UTR-4 are Predictors for Therapy and Disease Outcome

Despite major improvements in diagnostics and therapy in early as well as in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC), metastatic relapse occurs in about 20% of patients, often explained by early micro-metastatic spread into bone marrow by disseminated tumor cells (DTC). Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been a successful tool to improve overall survival (OS), there is growing evidence that various environmental factors like the non-classical human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) promotes cancer invasiveness and metastatic progression. HLA-G expression is associated with regulatory elements targeting certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the HLA-G 3’ untranslated region (UTR), which arrange as haplotypes. Here, we systematically evaluated the impact of HLA-G 3’UTR polymorphisms on disease status, on the presence of DTC, on soluble HLA-G levels, and on therapy and disease outcome in non-metastatic LABC patients. Although haplotype frequencies were similar in patients (n = 142) and controls (n = 204), univariate analysis revealed that the UTR-7 haplotype was related to patients with low tumor burden, whereas UTR-4 was associated with tumor sizes >T1. Furthermore, UTR-4 was associated with the presence of DTC, but UTR-3 and UTR-7 were related to absence of DTC. Additionally, increased levels of soluble HLA-G molecules were found in patients carrying UTR-7. Regarding therapy and disease outcome, univariate and multivariate analysis highlighted UTR-1 or UTR-2 as a prognostic parameter indicative for a beneficial course of disease in terms of complete response towards NACT or progression-free survival (PFS). At variance, UTR-4 was an independent risk factor for a reduced OS besides already known parameters. Taken into account the most common HLA-G 3’UTR haplotypes (UTR-1–UTR-7, UTR-18), deduction of the UTR-1/2/4 haplotypes to specific SNPs revealed that the +3003C variant, unique for UTR-4, seemed to favor a detrimental disease outcome, while the +3187G and +3196G variants, unique for UTR-1 or UTR-2, were prognostic parameters for a beneficial course of disease. In conclusion, these data suggest that the HLA-G 3’UTR variants +3003C, +3187G, and +3196G are promising candidates for the prediction of therapy and disease outcome in LABC patients.
Explainable AI to Analyze Outcomes of Spike Neural Network in Covid-19 Chest X-rays

Analysis of irregularities in Covid-19 data could open a new window to learn more about the unprecedented problems of the current global pandemic. Of many, radiographs and clinical records are reliable sources for viral infection investigation and treatment planning. Clinical records help track the Covid-19 pandemic. In this paper, we present a Spike Neural Network (SNN) with supervised synaptic learning to detect abnormalities in Chest X-rays (CXRs) In other words, the proposed SNN can distinguish Covid-19 positive cases from healthy ones. In our decision-making procedure, we introduce clinical practice so Explainable AI (XAI) is possible to carry out. In addition, Support Vector Machine (SVM) with local interpretable model-agnostic explanation (LIME) provides reliable analysis of abnormalities in Covid-19 clinical data.
RISC-VTF: RISC-V Based Extended Instruction Set for Transformer

Deep learning model Transformer has been widely used in natural language processing(NLP) filed, and its demand for computing resources is also growing. However, general-purpose processors(CPU and GPU) have invested excessive hardware resources in the design because they have to flexibly support a variety of tasks, they are not efficient for the implementation of Transformer. Consequently, various software optimizations that towards general-purpose processors have been proposed one after another. But, under the condition of ensuring sufficient accuracy, the degree of software optimization is limited. It is requisite to friendly-support Transformer at the hardware level.After analysing the computational characteristics of the Transformer model, based on RISC-V, we designed a hardware friendly instruction set architecture for the Transformer model. In addition to the basic instruction, for the intensive and general computing part of the model, according to the expansion rules of RISC-V instruction, we design the matrix load/store instruction calculation instruction, softmax instruction, activation instruction and other user-defined instructions. They support any matrix scale, and deploy it on FPGA to realize a flexible and efficient custom processor RISC-VTF for Transformer. The design is integrated on the Xilinx toolkit zynq-7000 FPGA, and the resource consumption and performance are analyzed. Compared with the traditional common ISA(Instruction Set Architecture) such as x86, arm or MIPs, RISC-VTF provides higher code density and performance efficiency.
Fault Tree Analysis of the Collapse Risk in Rock Highway Tunnel

Collapse is the common disaster during the construction of rock highway tunnel.This paper summarized the classification of collapse causes and the logic connections among them.A risk analysis model of rock highway tunnel collapse was established based on analysis of tunnel collapse events by the theory of Fault Tree Analysis(FTA). At the same time,a quantitative analysis of certain highway tunnel in the West China by FTA was studied,and the probability of the collapse and critical importance of every bottom incident were gained.A risk assessment of the potential causes of rock highway tunnel collapse was done in order to provide some corresponding advice and measure to control or reduce the probability of the tunnel collapse.
Benchmarking ASR Systems Based on Post-Editing Effort and Error Analysis

This paper offers a comparative evaluation of four commercial ASR systems which are evaluated according to the post-editing effort required to reach “publishable” quality and according to the number of errors they produce. For the error annotation task, an original error typology for transcription errors is proposed. This study also seeks to examine whether there is a difference in the performance of these systems between native and non-native English speakers. The experimental results suggest that among the four systems, Trint obtains the best scores. It is also observed that most systems perform noticeably better with native speakers and that all systems are most prone to fluency errors.
Review of supply chain logistics capability researches

The significance and importance of logistics capability to the competence of whole supply chain were discussed. And a literature review of logistics capability research and practices in China and abroad was summarized. The supply chain's logistics capability was defined, and enterprise logistics capability elements system was constructed by means of element classification methods. Moreover, a comparison between this system and current research achievements was analyzed. Based on the above studies, the issues of current research on logistics capability were pointed out and corresponding solutions to these issues were also provided. Finally, the future research trend of logistics capability under the environment of supply chain management were given, including logistics capability performance index in a supply chain, the relationship between logistics capability and competence in a supply chain, and the logistics organization methods to improve supply chain's logistics capability.
Computational investigation of insect-based flapping wings for micro air vehicle applications

In this study, a computational fluid dynamics analysis was performed on bio-inspired micro aerial vehicle scale rigid flapping wings. The computational fluid dynamics analysis used a compressible unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes solver with low-Mach number preconditioning to study the complex, highly vortical, three-dimensional flow of low aspect ratio flapping wings at micro aerial vehicle-scale Reynolds numbers. The wing was flapped at a constant 5 Hz flap frequency at a mean chord reference Reynolds number of 25,000. The flapping and pitching kinematics were set to match those of a previous experimental study resulting in a constant flap stroke of 107° at translational pitching angles of 40°, 50°, and 60°. The force and flowfield measurements of the previous flapping-wing experiment were used for the validation of the 3D computational fluid dynamics model. The objectives of this effort were to understand the unsteady aerodynamic mechanisms and their relation to force production and aerodynamic efficiency on a rigid wing undergoing an insect-type flapping motion with passive pitching kinematics. Overall, the computational fluid dynamics results showed good agreement with the measured experimental force data. Additionally, the computational fluid dynamics simulation was able to adequately predict the process of leading edge vortex formation and shedding observed during experimentation. A vorticity summation approach used to calculate the strength of the leading edge vortex from the experimental measurements and from the computational fluid dynamics predicted flowfields showed comparable results. The computational fluid dynamics results were utilized to further analyze the differences in the flowfield and leading edge vortex formation for the three pitch angles tested as well as the instantaneous aerodynamic loads and aerodynamic power.
The TALP-UPC Participation in WMT21 News Translation Task: an mBART-based NMT Approach

This paper describes the submission to the WMT 2021 news translation shared task by the UPC Machine Translation group. The goal of the task is to translate German to French (De-Fr) and French to German (Fr-De). Our submission focuses on fine-tuning a pre-trained model to take advantage of monolingual data. We fine-tune mBART50 using the filtered data, and additionally, we train a Transformer model on the same data from scratch. In the experiments, we show that fine-tuning mBART50 results in 31.69 BLEU for De-Fr and 23.63 BLEU for Fr-De, which increases 2.71 and 1.90 BLEU accordingly, as compared to the model we train from scratch. Our final submission is an ensemble of these two models, further increasing 0.3 BLEU for Fr-De.
Do Oil and Gas Lease Stipulations in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico Need Expansion to Better Protect Vulnerable Coral Communities? How Low Relief Habitats Support High Coral Biodiversity

The continental shelf of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico harbors extensive reefs and banks that support diverse coral reefs and mesophotic communities. Mesophotic communities range in depth from 40 to 200 m and, in this region, foster some of the densest coral forests [aggregations of mesophotic octocoral, antipatharian, and branching stony coral communities] reported in published literature (10.23 ± 9.31 col/m2). The geologic features underlying the exposed substrates that harbor mesophotic communities are targeted for extensive hydrocarbon exploration and extraction, as they often contain oil and/or natural gas. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management regulates offshore energy development in the United States and is tasked with protecting sensitive biological communities from impacts related to oil and gas activities. This study analyzed alpha and beta diversity of mesophotic coral forests on fourteen topographic banks in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. The objective of the study was to examine differences in structure and community in relation to lease stipulations established by the Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management. It was determined that dense and diverse mesophotic coral forests and carbonate producers exist in present regulatory zones that prohibit oil and gas activities; however, the coral communities exist in higher densities, diversity, and richness in low relief substrates outside of these regulatory zones. Our findings suggest low relief hard substrates serve as important habitat for mesophotic coral forests; thus, we suggest the expansion of current stipulations should be considered to provide better protection to vulnerable coral communities on low relief features. Furthermore, additional studies to refine the relationship between low relief structures and biodiversity are needed to develop more meaningful habitat definitions to support resource management and improve resource protection in the future.
Long‐chain fatty acid oxidation and respiratory complex I deficiencies distinguish Barth Syndrome from idiopathic pediatric cardiomyopathy

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an X‐linked disorder that results from mutations in the TAFAZZIN gene, which encodes a phospholipid transacylase responsible for generating the mature form of cardiolipin in inner mitochondrial membranes. BTHS patients develop early onset cardiomyopathy and a derangement of intermediary metabolism consistent with mitochondrial disease, but the precise alterations in cardiac metabolism that distinguish BTHS from idiopathic forms of cardiomyopathy are unknown. We performed the first metabolic analysis of myocardial tissue from BTHS cardiomyopathy patients compared to age‐ and sex‐matched patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and nonfailing controls. Results corroborate previous evidence for deficiencies in cardiolipin content and its linoleoyl enrichment as defining features of BTHS cardiomyopathy, and reveal a dramatic accumulation of hydrolyzed (monolyso‐) cardiolipin molecular species. Respiratory chain protein deficiencies were observed in both BTHS and DCM, but a selective depletion of complex I was seen only in BTHS after controlling for an apparent loss of mitochondrial density in cardiomyopathic hearts. Distinct shifts in the expression of long‐chain fatty acid oxidation enzymes and the tissue acyl‐CoA profile of BTHS hearts suggest a specific block in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation upstream of the conventional matrix beta‐oxidation cycle, which may be compensated for by a greater reliance upon peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and the catabolism of ketones, amino acids, and pyruvate to meet cardiac energy demands. These results provide a comprehensive foundation for exploring novel therapeutic strategies that target the adaptive and maladaptive metabolic features of BTHS cardiomyopathy.
Analysis of tunnel compression wave generation and distortion by the lattice Boltzmann method

The finite difference lattice Boltzmann method was applied to investigate the generation of the compression wave produced when a high-speed train enters a tunnel and the distortion of the wave front as it travels in the tunnel. The discrete Boltzmann equation for the 3D39Q thermal BGK model is solved in threedimensional space using a second-order Runge-Kutta scheme in time and a third order upwind finite difference scheme in space. The arbitrary LagrangianEulerian formulation is applied to model the interaction of the moving train nose and the tunnel portal. Numerical calculations are carried out for axisymmetric trains with various nose profiles entering a long circular cylindrical tunnel with straight and stepwise flared portals. The generation of the compression wave can be described in terms of flow parameters along the train nose and the interaction with the tunnel portal. The train speed and the train to tunnel area dependence of the predicted wave strength are found to be in good agreement with an analytic linear prediction. The distortion of the compression wave front that travels within an acoustically smooth tunnel is consistent with the time-domain computation of the one-dimensional Burgers equation. The non-linear steepening is confirmed to be dependent on the initial steepness of the wave front, which is determined by the interaction of the train nose and the tunnel portal. The tunnel entrance with flared portals is shown not only to decrease the initial steepness of the compression wave front but also to counteract the effect of non-linear steepening.
Comparison of HPMC Inhalation-Grade Capsules and Their Effect on Aerosol Performance Using Budesonide and Rifampicin DPI Formulations

Despite the fact that capsules play an important role in many dry powder inhalation (DPI) systems, few studies have been conducted to investigate the capsules’ interactions with respirable powders. The effect of four commercially available hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)inhalation-grade capsule types on the aerosol performance of two model DPI formulations (lactose carrier and a carrier-free formulation) at two different pressure drops was investigated in this study. There were no statistically significant differences in performance between capsules by using the carrier-based formulation. However, there were some differences between the capsules used for the carrier-free rifampicin formulation. At 2-kPa pressure drop conditions, Embocaps® VG capsules had a higher mean emitted fraction (EF) (89.86%) and a lower mean mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) (4.19 µm) than Vcaps® (Capsugel) (85.54%, 5.10 µm) and Quali-V® I (Qualicaps) (85.01%, 5.09 µm), but no significant performance differences between Embocaps® and ACGcaps™ HI. Moreover, Embocaps® VG capsules exhibited a higher mean respirable fraction (RF)/fine particle fraction (FPF) with a 3-µm–sized cutoff (RF/FPF < 3 µm ) (33.05%/35.36%) against Quali-V® I (28.16%/31.75%) ( P < 0.05), and a higher RF/FPF with a 5-µm–sized cutoff (RF/FPF < 5 µm ) (49.15%/52.57%) versus ACGcaps™ HI (38.88%/41.99%) ( P < 0.01) at 4-kPa pressure drop condition. Aerosol performance variability, pierced-flap detachment, as well as capsule hardness and stiffness, may all influence capsule type selection in a carrier-based formulation. The capsule type influenced EF, RF, FPF, and MMAD in the carrier-free formulation.
The Association between Body Shape, Body Mass Index, and Eating disorders among Athletic and Non-athletic Female Students

Ghada M. Salem, Marwa B. AwadAllah 1 Public health and community medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt. : Abstract Background: Owing to high prevalence and potentially harmful physical and psychosocial consequences, eating disorders are considered as significant harm to adolescents in public health. Many factors increase the risk for developing eating disorders such as social pressure, cultural factors, economic status, and the media programs’ focus on weight loss Objectives: The study aimed to detect if there are any differences between athletic female students and non-athletic ones in perceiving body shape, body mass index, and eating disorders. Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study comparing between athletic female students from Faculty of Physical Education for Girls and non-athletic female students from another college using a self-administrated questionnaire consisting of a demographic section, an Arabic version of the Eating Attitude Test 26, the Body Shape Questionnaire, and the Body Figure Rating Scale. Results: 118 female students participated in the current study and completed the questionnaires. Athletic female students got higher scores in the Eating Attitude Test 26, showing moderate to severe body shape dissatisfaction. There was a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between athletic and non-athletic female students in terms of actual body size and perceived body image. Conclusion: The study results demonstrated that athletic female students were more prone to the risk of eating disorders than non-athletic ones along with dissatisfaction of their body image. It is advised that the athletic departments examine their students for eating disorders with the purpose of early detection. Further studies are needed to assess the relationship between the risk of developing eating disorders and athletic female students to overcome this problem in an early stage.