Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study of MRI-based machine-learning methods for glioma grading

Background : Preoperative classification of gliomas is essential to identify the optimal treatment and prognosis. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal machine learning methods that can be used to accurately grade gliomas based on magnetic resonance images (MRI). Materials and Methods: A total of 153 glioma patients from two medical institutions were enrolled. Four methods, namely support vector machine - recursive feature elimination (SVM - RFE), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), max - relevance and min - redundancy (mRMR), and decision trees were used to screen glioma features. Five follow - up classifiers, including decision trees (DT), naive Bayes (NB), K - Nearest Neighbor (KNN), logistic regression (LR), and the support vector machine (SVM), were then used to develop the models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the prediction performance of the models. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the models were also calculated. Results: A total of 1070 predictive features based on image histograms, shape, and texture were extracted from preoperative T1 - weighted contrast - enhanced imaging (T1 - CE) MRI scans. The SVM - RFE and SVM models yielded the highest prediction performance with an AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.985, 94.2%, 89%, and 91.1%, respectively, while LASSO and NB had the lowest accuracy, with an AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.854, 97.9%, 72.3% or 85.1%, respectively. The average AUC and accuracy for the four methods were SVM - RFE (0.967, 91.3%), LASSO (0.951, 88.1%), mRMR (0.935, 90%), and DT (0.954, 90.4%). In the validation cohort, the average AUC and accuracy were SVM - RFE (0.837, 80%), LASSO (0.786, 76.6%), mRMR (0.817, 82.2%) and DT (0.70, 71.1%). Conclusion: The radiomics models could yielded a good performance in differentiating LGG from HGG, and the SVM - RFE combined with other machine - learning methods could provide the best average performance.
Response surface methodology to optimize ultrasonic-assisted extraction of crude oil from oily sludge

Abstract This study is the first to use a response surface method to optimize the main parameters of ultrasonic-assisted recovery of oil from oily sludge. The solvent with the highest oil recovery (xylene) and most suitable process (Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction) were first selected based on the highest oil recovery rate. Then, single-factor experiments were performed to determine the best parameter range of solvent sludge ratio, frequency, duration, and temperature. Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to study the influence of each variable on oil recovery. Solvent sludge ratio, frequency, and duration were found to have significant effects. The model optimization results show that the best conditions for Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction are as follows: a solvent to sludge ratio of 7.56:1, frequency of 31.48 kHz, duration of 23.67 min, and temperature of 45.87 °C. Under optimum conditions, the oil recovery predicted by the model and the actual oil recovery were 87.21 and 83.77%, respectively. The relative error between the predicted and actual values was 3.44%. These results indicate that the model results are reliable. Finally, the characteristics of the recovered oil and residue were analyzed. This research provides the possibility to utilize difficult-to-handle crude oil tank bottom sludge. Graphical Abstract
Wideband and wide-angle flat Radomes using dielectric and ferrite layers

A new structure is proposed in this article, to operate as wideband and wide-angle flat Radome. In this structure several dielectric and ferrite layers are placed successively, one next to the other, to behave as a matched layer. First, the relationship between the permittivity and permeability of a required fictitious mixed material is obtained. Then the required permittivity and permeability of dielectric and ferrite layers are obtained at desired incidence angle. The performance of the proposed structure is investigated and validated using some theoretical and simulation examples.
A Method for Efficient Quality Control and Enhancement of Mobile Laser Scanning Data

The increasing demand for 3D geospatial data is driving the development of new products. Laser scanners are becoming more mobile, affordable, and user-friendly. With the increased number of systems and service providers on the market, the scope of mobile laser scanning (MLS) applications has expanded dramatically in recent years. However, quality control measures are not keeping pace with the flood of data. Evaluating MLS surveys of long corridors with control points is expensive and, as a result, is frequently neglected. However, information on data quality is crucial, particularly for safety-critical tasks in infrastructure engineering. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for the quality control of MLS point clouds. Based on point cloud discrepancies, we estimate the transformation parameters profile-wise. The elegance of the approach lies in its ability to detect and correct small, high-frequency errors. To demonstrate its potential, we apply the method to real-world data collected with two high-end, car-mounted MLSs. The field study revealed tremendous systematic variations of two passes following tunnels, varied co-registration quality of two scanners, and local inhomogeneities due to poor positioning quality. In each case, the method succeeds in mitigating errors and thus in enhancing quality.
Strain Analysis of Crust at the Stabilization Stage Using and Applied Statistical Analysis

A strainmeter goes through a period of instability immediately after installation. To determine the stability of strainmeters installed around the Andong fault zone, South Korea, an x-MR control chart analysis and a T2 control chart analysis were conducted. The x-MR control chart analysis used an empirically determined 3σ control limit line to identify abnormal data in recently installed strain gauges. In the T2 control chart analysis, the control limit line was set at a confidence of 95%. A comparison of the early stage of measurement with the terminal stage of measurement for three months after installation indicates that stabilization depends on the location and direction of each strain gauge in x-MR control chart analysis. In the T2 control chart analysis, the number of values exceeding the control limit line decreased as the terminal stage was approached. Based on these results, it is suggested that the 3σ control limit line of an x-MR control chart can be used as a standard for single gauge stability, and that the 95% confidence limit of a T2 control chart analysis could be used as the standard for the stability of multi-gauge strainmeters.
Contributions to performance in dynamic jumps

The performance of dynamic jumps is the result of complex interactions between many factors, including preflight characteristics, muscle strength and activation timings, and the elastic properties of external contact surfaces. The aim of this study was to determine the contributions of these factors to the performance of dynamic jumps and to gain a greater understanding of the underlying mechanics. Theoretical computer simulation models were developed incorporating muscle representations and elastic interfaces between the model and the external contact surfaces for vaulting and tumbling takeoffs in gymnastics. The simulation models were customised to represent the elite male gymnast analysed in this study by calculating subject specific inertia and muscle parameters from experimental testing with the gymnast. The simulation models were evaluated by comparing simulations of each movement with actual vaulting and tumbling performances by the elite male gymnast and then used to quantify the contributions to vaulting and tumbling performance. The characteristics of the preflight were found to have a major influence on both vaulting and tumbling performance, In addition, for tumbling, the takeoff strategy (activation timings of the muscles) was also crucial, with it being possible to produce a range of postflight performances by just changing the strategy used during the takeoff. Vaulting and tumbling performances were found to be relatively insensitive to changes (within realistic limits) in the elastic nature of the contact surfaces and for vaulting the elasticity of the shoulder joint had a considerable effect on performance. In addition the use of the hand/foot was found to prolong the duration of contact with an external surface.
NSOM Lithography for Organized Growth of Gap Nanowires

scanning techniques, e. g. e-beam lithography, this technique is low-cost and it doesn’t require vacuum environment. In non-demanding experimental setup, exposure of defined regions directly on the device on chip can be achieved. Moreover, due to the exploitation of the near field properties, the spatial resolution limit known from far-field microscopy as a diffraction barrier is overcome; it is no more a function of the wavelength but rather of the fiber tip aperture diameter [11]. We demonstrate NSOM lithography as a tool for organized growth of nanowires. The non-contact mode of NSOM lithography was used to pattern planar structures in photoresist layer deposited in GaP substrate in different two dimensional (2D) grids with pitch step 1.5 – 2.5 μm. In this way, predefined metallic nanostructures on GaP surface which are used for organized GaP nanowire growth were prepared. GaP nanowires were grown In this contribution, near field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) lithography is presented as a tool for organized growth of nanowires. Non contact mode of NSOM lithography was used to pattern planar structures in photoresist deposited on GaP substrate. In combination with lift-off technique, metal-catalyst particles on GaP substrate for subsequent growth of GaP nanowires were prepared. Different periodic and predefined arrangements of GaP nanowires were achieved.
Effect of the Terminal Acceptor Unit on the Performance of Non-Fullerene Indacenodithiophene Acceptors in Organic Solar Cells

Four acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A)-type molecules bearing indacenodithiophene as donating central core and various end-capping acceptor units have been designed and synthesised as n-type materials suitable for organic solar cells (OSCs). The studied optical and electrochemical properties supported by theoretical calculations revealed that the nature and the strength of the terminal groups exert a decisive influence on the polymer bulk-heterojunction OSC performance.
The tangled web: a guide to securing modern web applications by Michal Zalewski

"Thorough and comprehensive coverage from one of the foremost experts in browser security. " --Tavis Ormandy, Google Inc.Modern web applications are built on a tangle of technologies that have been developed over time and then haphazardly pieced together. Every piece of the web application stack, from HTTP requests to browser-side scripts, comes with important yet subtle security consequences. To keep users safe, it is essential for developers to confidently navigate this landscape.In The Tangled Web, Michal Zalewski, one of the world's top browser security experts, offers a compelling narrative that explains exactly how browsers work and why they're fundamentally insecure. Rather than dispense simplistic advice on vulnerabilities, Zalewski examines the entire browser security model, revealing weak points and providing crucial information for shoring up web application security. You'll learn how to: Perform common but surprisingly complex tasks such as URL parsing and HTML sanitization Use modern security features like Strict Transport Security, Content Security Policy, and Cross-Origin Resource Sharing Leverage many variants of the same-origin policy to safely compartmentalize complex web applications and protect user credentials in case of XSS bugs Build mashups and embed gadgets without getting stung by the tricky frame navigation policy Embed or host user-supplied content without running into the trap of content sniffing For quick reference, "Security Engineering Cheat Sheets" at the end of each chapter offer ready solutions to problems you're most likely to encounter. With coverage extending as far as planned HTML5 features, The Tangled Web will help you create secure web applications that stand the test of time.
Influences of Smartphone and Computer Use on Health-Related Quality of Life of Early Adolescents

This study explored the daily amount of time that early adolescents spent using smartphones and computers, and their influences on health-related quality of life of early adolescents. A total of 650 early adolescents were recruited. The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey was used to measure their health-related quality of life. The early adolescents reported their average daily time spent using smartphones and computers over the course of the previous week; the majority of early adolescents (71%) spent approximately 1 h a day or less using computers on average or reported no computer use, and 98.8% indicated that they used smartphones for less than 1 h to more than 4 h per day on average. The results showed that the average daily time spent using smartphones was significantly negatively associated with two scales in the physical domain and four scales in the mental domain of health-related quality of life of early adolescents, whereas the average daily time spent using computers was significantly negatively associated with two scales in the mental domain (p < 0.05). Therefore, early adolescents who spent more time using smartphones and computers have significantly poorer outcomes in the physical and mental domains of their health-related quality of life.
More Accurate Modelling of Digital Subscriber Lines with Inhomogeneity

pairs, pair with bad insulation, interruptions. (cid:2) Inhomogeneities of type 3 – they originate from disobedience of rules for connecting groups (bundles) and layers (positions). This classiﬁcation is, however, insuﬃcient for digital subscriber lines that occupy the frequency bands up to tens of MHz, and therefore it is desirable to introduce the classiﬁcation according to Table 1. The authors have further divided the individual types into subtypes that are identiﬁed by lower-case letters. It is particularly important to introduce the inhomogeneities of Type 0 that are characterized by inhomogeneity of the cable section itself resulting from imperfect manufacturing and installing, and also from unmatched characteristic impedances of terminal devices and the line section in the operating frequency range (com-promise termination) due to extremely wide band. Type 1 inhomogeneities are caused by the branched access network topology and they must be taken into account in real oper-MORE The digital subscriber lines are still base of access network to provide Internet connectivity to the public. The transmission capacity is con-tinually increased and performance of digital subscriber lines must be estimated for network provider use. This paper describes two ways for correction of digital subscriber line modelling. The resulting bitrates are calculated with respect to the length of the line and the number of disturbance sources. The article brings new ideas for simulations and calculations of transmission function for line with inhomogeneity and calculations new value of code gain.
Beyond Internet Scanning: Non-Intrusive Vulnerability Assessment of Internet-Facing Services

Nowadays, the increasing number of devices and services that require a direct Internet access, creates new security challenges. These challenges need to meet user feature-based requirements with the companies' restrictive security policies. Therefore, security administrators need to adopt novel tools in order to quickly and non-intrusively verify the degree of exposure of Internet-facing services. In this respect, we find tools such as Shodan and ZMap which enable scanning of services at an Internet-scale. This paper presents a methodology that expands the feature delivered by such tools with automated vulnerability assessment capabilities. The proposed methodology builds on the results returned by Shodan, which are analyzed in order to automatically identify known vulnerabilities from National Vulnerability Database. Experiments conducted on five university-type institutions revealed the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the high degree of service exposure which may require immediate, yet simple service sanitizing security measures.
STLR: a novel danger theory based structural TLR algorithm

Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) have long been used in the field of computer security and especially in Intrusion Detection systems. Intrusion detection based on AISs falls into two main categories. The first generation of AIS is inspired from adaptive immune reactions but, the second one which is called danger theory focuses on both adaptive and innate reactions to build a more biologically-realistic model of Human Immune System. Two algorithms named TLR and DCA are proposed in danger theory field that both of them are trying to identify the antigens based on a simple identifier. Both of them suffer from low accuracy and detection rate due to the fact that they are not taking the structure of antigens into account. In this paper, we propose an algorithm called STLR (structural TLR), which is an extended form of TLR algorithm. STLR tries to model the interaction of adaptive and innate biological immune systems and at the same time considers the structure of the antigens. The experimental results show that using the structural aspects of an antigen, STLR can lead to a great increase in the detection rate and accuracy.
Efficient Semantic Mapping in Dynamic Environments

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are required to fulfill more and more complex tasks in indoor environments like inspection, stock-taking or transportation of goods. For these tasks, they need to percept objects and obstacles in the environment, navigate safely in it and sometimes even interact with it. A step towards generating a comprehensive environmental overview for robots are semantic maps. Nevertheless, UAVs have several constraints concerning size, weight and power consumption and thus computational resources. In this paper an efficient object-oriented semantic mapping approach suitable for UAVs and similar constrained robots in dynamic environments is proposed. The approach can be completely executed on a computer suited as onboard computer of an UAV. A map comprising semantic information and dynamic objects is generated and updated with update rate of more than 10 Hz.
Curtobacterium spp. and Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens: Phylogeny, Genomics-Based Taxonomy, Pathogenicity, and Diagnostics

The genus of Curtobacterium, belonging to the Microbacteriaceae family of the Actinomycetales order, includes economically significant pathogenic bacteria of soybeans and other agricultural crops. Thorough phylogenetic and full-genome analysis using the latest genomic data has demonstrated a complex and contradictory taxonomic picture within the group of organisms classified as the Curtobacterium species. Based on these data, it is possible to delineate about 50 new species and to reclassify a substantial part of the Curtobacterium strains. It is suggested that 53 strains, including most of the Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pathovars, can compose a monophyletic group classified as C. flaccumfaciens. A genomic analysis using the most recent inventory of bacterial chromosomal and plasmid genomes deposited to GenBank confirmed the possible role of Microbacteriaceae plasmids in pathogenicity and demonstrated the existence of a group of related plasmids carrying virulence factors and possessing a gene distantly related to DNA polymerase found in bacteriophages and archaeal and eukaryotic viruses. A PCR diagnostic assay specific to the genus Curtobacterium was developed and tested. The presented results assist in the understanding of the evolutionary relations within the genus and can lay the foundation for further taxonomic updates.
Remembering participation in planning: the case of the Princes Hill Community Garden*

ABSTRACT This paper seeks to reclaim some ground and to maintain the currency of practical knowledge of participation among Australian planners. A single instructive case is used to examine core participation values derived from communicative planning. The paper uses the illustrative case of an inner city Melbourne municipality, Yarra City Council, and their attempts to establish five new community gardens. It specifically examines the proposed community garden at Hardy Gallagher Reserve (HGR) in Princes Hill. This paper considers why, after initiating the project in October 2008, it had failed by April 2010, despite widespread community support. Using the lens of communicative planning theory, we argue that the planning process for the community garden at HGR was doomed to fail from the beginning, demonstrating a lack of consideration for appropriate participation. Using this case, we set out five lessons for participation, demonstrated by the application of communicative theory in this instance. We argue for early commitment to collaboration; planners taking an active role; active management of processes in parallel with statutory requirements; defining carefully community memberships; and maintaining good communication. The paper concludes that a more active approach to participation, informed by key communicative ideals, would have increased the project’s chances of success.