Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First Record of Rhopilema esculentum (Scyphozoa, Rhizostomae), Edible Jellyfish in Korea

A species of edible Scyphomedusae jellyfish has been used as food by the local people in Ganghwado, Korea since the 1990s. In order to identify this jellyfish, we collected specimens in Ganghwado during September 2013, and compared these specimens with original descriptions made by Kishinouye (1890). Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) sequences of these specimens were compared with those of Rhopilema esculentum retrieved from GenBank. Our specimens were also compared with jellyfish collected in China, previously confirmed as R. esculentum, based on morphological characters and DNA sequences. Using these two methods, the jellyfish specimens caught in Ganghwado were correctly identified as R. esculentum, a species new to Korean waters. This edible jellyfish has been named ‘Gisusik-Yonghaepari’ as Korean name.
Efficient (j, k)-Dominating Functions

Abstract For positive integers j and k, an efficient (j, k)-dominating function of a graph G = (V, E) is a function f : V → {0, 1, 2, . , j} such that the sum of function values in the closed neighbourhood of every vertex equals k. The relationship between the existence of efficient (j, k)-dominating functions and various kinds of efficient dominating sets is explored. It is shown that if a strongly chordal graph has an efficient (j, k)-dominating function, then it has an efficient dominating set. Further, every efficient (j, k)-dominating function of a strongly chordal graph can be expressed as a sum of characteristic functions of efficient dominating sets. For j < k there are strongly chordal graphs with an efficient dominating set but no efficient (j, k)-dominating function. The problem of deciding whether a given graph has an efficient (j, k)-dominating function is shown to be NP-complete for all positive integers j and k, and solvable in polynomial time for strongly chordal graphs when j = k. By taking j = 1 we obtain NP-completeness of the problem of deciding whether a given graph has an efficient k-tuple dominating set for any fixed positive integer k. Finally, we consider efficient (2, 2)-dominating functions of trees. We describe a new constructive characterization of the trees with an efficient dominating set and a constructive characterization of the trees with two different efficient dominating sets. A number of open problems and questions are stated throughout the work.
Sero-prevalence, risk factor and community perception of Foot and mouse disease in cattle under extensive management in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia

Article history Received: 18 June 2020 Accepted: 27 June 2019 Published Online: 30 June 2020 To determine the sero-prevalence of foot and mouth disease in southern zone of Tigray, North Ethiopia, a cross-sectional examination of 340 sera samples were conducted from November 2015 up to May 2016. In addition, a structured questionnaire survey was done to know the perception and knowledge of the local community about the disease and 120 informants were interviewed. The overall sero-prevalence was 20.9% and there was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) in prevalence of foot and mouth disease between sexes, agro-ecology, breed and vaccination history. However, a statistical significant difference (P< 0.05) was noticed between the age groups, different body conditions, farming systems, and history of contact with wild life. The logistic regression analysis indicated that all the factors which had an association with sero-positivity were found significant risk factors for the disease. The questionnaire survey indicated that 65% of the contacted informants described the disease consistent with the major clinical signs mentioned in literature. The study revealed that the virus is circulating in the area and requires further identification of the serotypes. Moreover, implementing control of foot and mouth disease with integrated approaches has paramount importance.
Using Disambiguated Word-embeddings for Exploiting Similarities among Languages for Machine Translation

—Neural distributed word representations have proven useful in Natural Language Processing and serve as the core underlying method for many NLP tasks. In this work we try to eliminate one of the shortcoming of word representation, by introducing disambiguated word representations and then extend them to build better translation dictionaries by exploiting the similarities between word representations of different languages. We experiment with different mapping functions (linear and non-linear) for converting the word representations from one language to another. We test our approach by translating words from French to English. Our work is the direct extension of Rocher et al. [1], Mikolov et al. [2] and Trask et al. [3]. Our method makes little assumption about the languages, and can be extended and improving translation tables for any language pairs.
Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Combined Effect Analysis Model for Early-Age Concrete Bridges and Its Application

The early cracking of concrete beam bridges remains a concern in civil engineering. An analytical model considering the combined effect of thermo-hydro-mechanical processes forms the basis for assessing the cracking risk of girders during construction. Based on the equivalent hydration theory, the temperature and moisture conduction processes and the evolution of the mechanical properties of concrete were modeled as a function of the equivalent age. A coupling model for the temperature and moisture fields was established, and a theoretical framework for analyzing the thermo-hydro-mechanical combined effect was presented. Based on this, a numerical analysis method was proposed and implemented into ABAQUS; the results were validated with some typical tests. Finally, a long-span prestressed concrete (PC) box girder bridge with balanced cantilever construction was taken as an example, and the causes of web cracking and its impact degree were analyzed. The results show that the rate of moisture conduction is significantly lower than the rate of temperature conduction; even for thin-walled components, there exists a significant humidity gradient on the surface layer. The humidity-induced shrinkage and restraint of the precast members are the main causes of web cracking.
APPROXIMATION BY A NEW COMPLEX GENERALIZED BERNSTEIN OPERATOR

In this paper, we consider complex form of an extension of the Bernstein polynomials defined by means of a probabilistic method by Stancu. We obtain exact degree of simultaneous approximation by the sequence of the complex Stancu operators of analytic functions in a disk centered at the origin with radius greater than 1. Also, we show that the new complex Stancu operators satisfy some shape preserving results.
Provably Efficient Reinforcement Learning with Linear Function Approximation

Modern reinforcement learning (RL) is commonly applied to practical problems with an enormous number of states, where function approximation must be deployed to approximate either the value function or the policy. The introduction of function approximation raises a fundamental set of challenges involving computational and statistical efficiency, especially given the need to manage the exploration/exploitation trade-off. As a result, a core RL question remains open: how can we design provably efficient RL algorithms that incorporate function approximation? This question persists even in a basic setting with linear dynamics and linear rewards, for which only linear function approximation is needed. This paper presents the first provable RL algorithm with both polynomial run time and polynomial sample complexity in this linear setting, without requiring a “simulator” or additional assumptions. Concretely, we prove that an optimistic modification of least-squares value iteration—a classical algorithm frequently studied in the linear setting—achieves [Formula: see text] regret, where d is the ambient dimension of feature space, H is the length of each episode, and T is the total number of steps. Importantly, such regret is independent of the number of states and actions. Funding: This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency program on Lifelong Learning Machines.
A Study on Semantic Parsing of Cooking Recipes

To be useful in interactions with humans, computers need to thoroughly understand natural language. For this purpose, a deep semantic analysis of text is required. Due to the ambiguity and sparseness of natural language however, a syntax-level understanding of sentences by themselves is not enough. Rather, deep semantic parsing requires intersentence context and commonsense background knowledge. In order to come closer to open-domain commonsense knowledge extraction algorithms and thus open-domain semantic parsers, our approach is to focus on a domain with procedural semantics. By a deep semantic analysis of instructional text, we can spot gaps in between instructions, which we can interpret as implicit semantic assumptions and extract as commonsense knowledge. Cooking recipes are widely available, have a limited vocabulary and thus o er an attractive initial starting point for such work. In this thesis, we study English cooking recipes, identify challenges for semantically parsing them, and evaluate existing rule-based, syntax-based and neural end-to-end semantic parsers on a small dataset of 50 English recipes we create. We compare their performance on trigger word identi cation (which words evoke actions or entities), action classi cation (which type of action is evoked) and input identi cation (which entities participate in each action). We nd that the syntactic parse of the recipe is a very useful input for a semantic parser, as syntax-based pipelines in our comparison outperform neural methods by 0.48 and more absolute F1-score di erence in input identi cation. Additionally, using the Gold syntactic labels instead of a syntactic parse obtained from a state-of-the-art dependency parser improves the input identi cation F1-score by 0.06. This also suggests current syntactic parsers have a relatively low accuracy in the cooking recipe domain, which we examine both quantitatively and qualitatively. Based on our investigation, we suggest various directions for future work. We believe that research on inter-sentence context, additional inputs for the parser and the combination of multiple models will bring the best performance improvements.
OUTLINES OF EVOLUTION IN THE PSEUDOGAMOUS RANUNCULUS AURICOMUS GROUP IN FINLAND

Ranunculus auricomus L. with its nearest relatives forms a clearly distinctive natural group in the genus. The group as a whole is distributed over most of Europe, extending into Siberia and Caucasia in the east and into Greenland in the west, but within the group some forms, e.g., R. cassubicus L. and R. monophyllus Ovcz. have a more eastern distribution; others, e.g., R. auricomus L. , are more western. The species complex presents a number of taxonomic problems, mainly owing to pseudogamous reproduction, a mode of apomixis where pollination is a prerequisite for seed formation although the egg cell develops parthenogenetically. As a rule, in pseudogamy, fertilization of central nucleus is needed before endosperm formation occurs and seeds can be formed (Rutishauser, 1959). Pseudogamy in the Ranunculus auricomus group was first discovered by Rozanova (1932), and independently by Koch (1933) and Sorensen (1938). In the crossing experiments of these authors the progeny always turned out to be maternal, but seeds were never formed without pollination. These results were supported by the cytological work of Hafliger (1943), and especially Rutishauser (1954a, b). The mode of reproduction gives the group an exceptional position within the genus because, as far as is known, no species of Ranunculus outside of this group reproduces regularly by apomixis. In fact, the whole family Ranunculaceae seems otherwise to be almost devoid of apomictic forms (cf. Nygren, 1954). For more than twenty years, the senior author has been working with the problems of taxonomy and distribution of the Finnish representatives of the Ranunculus auricomus group. A herbarium material of around 32,000 sheets has been accumulated, which gives a rather good picture of the various kinds of biotypes existing in Finland as well as of their distribution and ecological nature. The constancy of morphological characters has been tested by some, admittedly few, uniform garden experiments, using both transplanted individuals and progeny grown from seed. The junior author has been concerned with the cytology of the group. The present paper is his attempt to correlate the taxonomic, phytogeographical, and cytological results in order to obtain an idea of the evolutionary mechanisms operating in the group to cause its obvious diversity.
Asymmetric surface wave excitation through metasurface-edge diffraction

The selective excitation of localized surface wave modes remains a challenge in the design of both leakywave and bound-wave devices. In this Letter, we show how the truncation of a metasurface can play an important role in breaking the spatial inversion symmetry in the excitation of surface waves supported by the structure. This is done by combining a large anisotropy in the dispersion relation and the presence of an edge which also serves as a coupling mechanism between the plane wave excitation and the induced surface waves. By resorting to the exact solution of the scattering problem based on a discrete Wiener-Hopf technique we show that by inverting the component of the impinging wavevector parallel to the truncation, two distinct surface waves are excited. © 2020 Optical Society
Design and Modelling of Photonic Power Converters with Light Management in Solcore

A vertically-stacked five-junction photonic power converter is modelled with and without a distributed back reflector using Solcore, an open-source set of computational tools for the modelling of photovoltaic devices in a Python framework. The thickness of the absorbing layer and the back reflector are optimized, demonstrating the possible reduction in device thickness and improvement in operating efficiency enabled via improved light management. Other capabilities and general use of Solcore will also be addressed. Keywords—Solcore, open source modelling, photovoltaics, photonic power converters, power over fiber
Effect of Different Cycles of Thermal Fatigue in Steel Metallurgical Aspects ASTM SA-516 Grade 60

Corresponding Author: José de Souza Fundação Liberato, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil Email: josesouza@liberato.com. br Abstract: The ASTM SA-516 steel has applications in compact steam boilers of low and medium temperature and pressure. Deterioration can show when exposed to high temperatures due to fuel gases burning. Failures detected by inspections done in a frequency required by standard on the boilers. Among the main failure mechanisms found in materials used in boilers, creep, corrosion, when subjected to the action of the combustion gases or steam oxidation conditions, thermal fatigue and others can be mentioned. This work evaluates the effect of thermal fatigue in the metallurgical aspects of steel ASTM SA-516 grade 60. After the initial characterization of the steel checked that it heeds the specifications required by the standard, showing a microstructure of ferrite and perlite. The tests in heat transfer conditions produce temperatures between 750 to 850C on the surface, starting with an oxidizing flame produced by oxygen and acetylene gases. The cooling was by water, being the samples were submitted to several cycles of heating and cooling, causing thermal fatigue. After the tests, occurs the characterized of the samples through optical microscopy techniques, Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Vickers hardness and macrostructure analysis. ferrite, perlite colonies and no tempered martensite were the microstructures detected on the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ). On substrate’s region was not detected anisotropy or significant variations. When analyzing austenitic grain size was observed a refinement showing 12 ASTM grain size considered extra fine. The higher microhardness values occurred at the surface. The surface has had been affected by heat due to heating in intercritical and austenitization temperature and the cooling by water.
A Polygonal Discontinuous Galerkin Formulation for Contact Mechanics in Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems

In this work, we propose a formulation based on the Polygonal Discontinuous Galerkin (PolyDG) method for contact mechanics that arises in fluid-structure interaction problems. In particular, we introduce a consistent penalization approach to treat the frictionless contact between immersed structures that undergo large displacements. The key feature of the method is that the contact condition can be naturally embedded in the PolyDG formulation, allowing to easily support polygonal/polyhedral meshes. The proposed approach introduced a fixed background mesh for the fluid problem overlapped by the structure grid that is able to move independently of the fluid one. To assess the validity of the proposed approach, we report the results of several numerical experiments obtained in the case of contact between flexible structures immersed in a fluid. AMS subject classifications: 65M60, 75F10, 74M15
GP-VAE: Deep Probabilistic Multivariate Time Series Imputation

Multivariate time series with missing values are common in areas such as healthcare and ﬁnance, and have grown in number and complexity over the years. This raises the question whether deep learning methodologies can out-perform classical data imputation methods in this domain. However, naïve applications of deep learning fall short in giving reliable conﬁdence estimates and lack interpretability. We propose a new deep sequential latent variable model for dimensionality reduction and data imputation. Our modeling assumption is simple and interpretable: the high dimensional time series has a lower-dimensional representation which evolves smoothly in time according to a Gaussian process. The non-linear dimensionality reduction in the presence of missing data is achieved using a VAE approach with a novel structured variational approximation. We demonstrate that our approach outperforms several classical and deep learning-based data imputation methods on high-dimensional data from the domains of computer vision and healthcare, while additionally improving the smoothness of the im-putations and providing interpretable uncertainty estimates.
A pilot study examining the diet of introduced Alaska blackfish ( Dallia pectoralis T . H . Bean , 1880 ) in Kenai , Alaska , by metabarcoding

Last year we wrote about some food items of the Alaska blackfish, Dallia pectoralis T. H. Bean, 1880 (Bowser et al., 2019), a fish species that is native to most of Alaska, but not the Kenai Peninsula (Eidam et al., 2016; Bowser, 2018). We wanted to learn more about how these introduced fish may alter the ecology of Kenai Peninsula waters, especially how blackfish may affect native fish species through competition for invertebrate prey.
Causal Models of Iranians’ Social and Emotional Alienation Mediated by Psychological Symptoms

Loneliness is avery unpleasant state of being that can have serious individual and social consequences. Researches have shown that in western society, loneliness has been linked to depression, anxiety, and interpersonal hostility, to drug and alcohol abuse, to an increased vulnerability to health problems and even to suicide.Since loneliness in terms of social and emotional alienation with regard to increasing rates of phenomena such as longer single-hood period, divorce, unemployment and so on, more or less is becoming an almost common way of Iranian life, in this research has been tried to identify the predictive patterns of these two specific problems based on personal aspects, internalized psychological symptoms; so that by achieving these predictive patters based on psychological problems specific to Iranian people, the way towards rethinking and providing solutions on the basis of Iranian culture would be open.Base on the findings of this study, the predictive patterns of social alienation are produced by various interactions among three pervasive psychological symptoms: paranoia, depression and anxiety. These patterns are generated by the different interactions of more number of symptoms for emotional alienation, which are disturbed and poor interpersonal relationships, anxiety, phobia, rumination and rigidity in the terms of obsession. Furthermore, the contribution of each of these symptoms is not static and changes based on the type of involving interaction, it should be mentioned that there are some types of symptoms’ interactions, which are capable to reduce the probability of these alienations.Thus, it can be concluded that the patterns of social and emotional alienations for Iranian people are less relevant to interpersonal hostility and they reflect their fears of others, inability to communicate properly with others and being paranoid towards others and keeping distance from them.
The Deformation Dynamics of the Experimental Adit's Material During a Coal Dust Explosion

The purpose of this paper is to improve the mechanism that forms an explosive environment within the workings' space from the accumulated coal dust, based on determining the dynamic deformations under the influence of an explosion in the material that contains the examined working. To simulate the dynamic changes in the stressed-deformed state of the rock mass with an experimental adit inside when under the impact of explosive loads, a modern method of finite differences of mathematical-computer modeling has been used. During the research, the mathematical model has been adapted for studying the stressed-strained state of the rock mass that hosts the created experimental adit at the imitation of a dust blast. Additionally, the model takes into consideration the peculiarities of the direct impact of explosion products on the working's wall, as well as their indirect action. The data were acquired on the propagation of the progressive front of seismic waves inside mining rocks that host the experimental working. The parameters of speed and acceleration of the seismic wave components have been established that occur ahead of the shock front, which moves in the gas environment of a mining working during the explosion of a dust-air mixture. This paper reports data on the dynamic processes occurring in a mining massif and on the surface of the experimental working at the chain explosion of a dust-air mixture. The simulation results have made it possible to confirm the hypothesis about the loosening of dust accumulations under the influence of seismic waves, which emerge significantly ahead of the explosion front moving along the working. The modeling results provide an opportunity to improve the systems of protection or localization of the dust-air or dust-gas-air explosions. The existence of seismic waves ahead of the shock front makes it possible to prepare in advance the means for localizing dust explosions