Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Background Appearance Modelling with Applications to Visual Object Detection in an Open Pit Mine

This paper addresses the problem of detecting people and vehicles on a surface mine by presenting an architecture that combines the complementary strengths of deep convolutional networks (DCN) with cluster based analysis. We highlight that using a DCN in a na¨ıve black box approach results in a signiﬁcantly high rate of errors due to the lack of mining speciﬁc training data and the unique landscape in a mine site. In this work we propose a background model that exploits the abundance of background-only images to discover the natural clusters in visual appearance using features extracted from the DCN. Both a simple nearest cluster based background model and an extended model with cosine features are investigated for their ability to identify and suppress potential false positives made by the DCN. Furthermore, localisation of objects of interest is enabled through region proposals, which have been tuned to increase recall within the constraints of a computational budget. Finally, a soft fusion framework is presented to combine the estimates of both the DCN and background model to improve the accuracy of the detection. Our system is tested on over 11km of real mine site data in both day and night conditions where we were able to detect both light and heavy vehicles along with mining personnel. We show that the introduction of our background model improves the detection performance. In particular, soft fusion of the background model and the DCN output produces a relative improvement in the F1 score of 46% and 28% compared to a baseline pre-trained DCN and a DCN retrained with mining images respectively.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of Urease-Producing Sporosarcina koreensis

ABSTRACT Urease-producing microbes are of significance due to their potential application in biocement production. Sporosarcina koreensis Q1 is a urease-producing bacterium belonging to the phylum Firmicutes. Here, we present the draft whole-genome sequence of S. koreensis Q1, isolated from a barchan sand dune in Qatar.
The use of body mass index to predict body composition in children

Background : Simple anthropometric indices of body composition have particular appeal for use in children, and as such body mass index (BMI) has been used to predict percentage body fat in a number of studies. Aim : To evaluate the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat (%body fat) and a proposed, more appropriate relationship between BMI and fat mass/height 2 in a cohort of young children. Subjects and methods : Cross-sectional study of 109 children aged between 6 and 10 years residing in either Sydney or Brisbane, Australia. Weight and height were measured using standard methods. Body composition was measured using a stable isotope method to firstly determine total body water and subsequently fat free mass. Results : The correlation between BMI and fat mass/height 2 was markedly greater than that between BMI and percentage body fat. In the entire group of children the R 2 ( 2 100%) value for the relationship between BMI and fat mass/height 2 was 73.3% compared with 46.5% for the relationship between BMI and percentage body fat. Conclusions : We have shown that the use of BMI to predict fat mass/height 2, and consequently percentage body fat, is superior to the use of BMI to predict percentage body fat based directly upon the R 2 values of the above analysis.
Employment-based abstinence reinforcement as a maintenance intervention for the treatment of cocaine dependence: post-intervention outcomes.

AIMS Due to the chronicity of cocaine dependence, practical and effective maintenance interventions are needed to sustain long-term abstinence. We sought to assess the effects of long-term employment-based reinforcement of cocaine abstinence after discontinuation of the intervention. DESIGN Participants who initiated sustained opiate and cocaine abstinence during a 6-month abstinence reinforcement and training program worked as data entry operators and were randomly assigned to a group that could work independently of drug use (control, n = 24), or an abstinence-contingent employment (n = 27) group that was required to provide cocaine- and opiate-negative urine samples to work and maintain maximum rate of pay. SETTING A non-profit data entry business. PARTICIPANTS Unemployed welfare recipients who persistently used cocaine while in methadone treatment. MEASUREMENTS Urine samples and self-reports were collected every 6 months for 30 months. FINDINGS During the employment year, abstinence-contingent employment participants provided significantly more cocaine-negative samples than controls (82.7% and 54.2%; P = 0.01, OR = 4.61). During the follow-up year, the groups had similar rates of cocaine-negative samples (44.2% and 50.0%; P = 0.93) and human immunodeficiency virus risk behaviors. Participants' social, employment, economic and legal conditions were similar in the two groups across all phases of the study. CONCLUSIONS Employment-based reinforcement effectively maintains long-term cocaine abstinence, but many patients relapse to use when the abstinence contingency is discontinued, even after a year of abstinence-contingent employment. Relapse could be prevented in many patients by leaving employment-based abstinence reinforcement in place indefinitely, which could be facilitated by integrating it into typical workplaces.
Increase in root nodulation and crop yield of soybean by native Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains

Native strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were tested for their effectiveness on nodulation, crop yield and nitrogen fixation in soybean ( Glycine max ). B. japonicum strains were isolated from soybean root nodules collected from different agro-climatic regions of Far Western Nepal, viz . Dipayal (607 m asl), Dadeldhura (1097 m asl), Silgadhi (1209 m asl) and Bajura (1524 m asl). The strains were characterized by studying colony characteristics, growth response with Congo red and Bromothymol blue, and Gram staining. The native bradyrhizobial strains were authenticated by performing infection test on soybean seedlings. All the four strains were found compatible and effective on root nodulation, crop yield and soil nitrogen (N) content. Inoculation of these strains increased soybean root nodulation by 247-343% and crop yield by 45-204%. There was strong positive correlation ( r = 0.982) between number of root nodules and crop yield, which suggest that optimization of root nodulation by inoculating compatible and effective B. japonicum strains significantly increase the soybean crop yield. Soil N content of inoculated experimental pots was increased by 13-33%. However, variability among different strains was observed in their effect on root nodulation and yield performance. B. japonicum strain collected from Silgadhi was found to be the most effective in increasing nodule number and crop yield by 343% and 204% respectively. Key-words : Glycine max; gram staining; inoculation; nitrogen fixation DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0. 2902 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 1-3
Nedd 4 Family-interacting Protein 1 ( Ndfip 1 ) Is Required for the Exosomal Secretion of Nedd 4 Family Proteins *

Ulrich Putz, Jason Howitt, Jenny Lackovic, Natalie Foot, Sharad Kumar, John Silke, and Seong-Seng Tan From the Brain Development Laboratory, Howard Florey Institute and Centre for Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia, the Molecular Regulation Laboratory, Hanson Centre, IMVS, Adelaide 5000, Australia, and the Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia
BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION WITH EIGEN BACKGROUND METHODS USING MATLAB 1

Most background models are pixel-based and it is not robust to unstable background. One frame-based background model is eigen background. In this paper, we present eigen background model and to support the discussion of the theory, we perform some simulations using the software Matlab. The result of experiment is to obtain good background we just use one eigen vector corresponding one largest eigen value. We obtain foreground image with add one parameter, i. e threshold. The used threshold is 60.
A scheme for verifying the integrity of outsourced data

Unauthorized tampering with outsourced data can result in significant losses for both data owner and users. Data integrity therefore becomes an important factor in outsourced data systems. In this paper, we address this problem and propose a scheme for verifying the integrity of outsourced data. We first propose a new authenticated data structure for authenticating membership queries in sets based on accumulators, and then show how to apply it to the problem of verifying the integrity of outsourced data. We also prove that our scheme is secure under the q-strong Diffie- Hellman assumption. More importantly, our scheme has the constant cost communication, meanwhile keeping other complexity measures constant. Compared to previous schemes based on accumulators, our scheme reduces update cost and so improves previous schemes based on accumulators. In addition, the experimental comparison shows that our scheme outperforms the previous schemes.
Robust principal component analysis-based four-dimensional computed tomography

The purpose of this paper for four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) is threefold. (1) A new spatiotemporal model is presented from the matrix perspective with the row dimension in space and the column dimension in time, namely the robust PCA (principal component analysis)-based 4D CT model. That is, instead of viewing the 4D object as a temporal collection of three-dimensional (3D) images and looking for local coherence in time or space independently, we perceive it as a mixture of low-rank matrix and sparse matrix to explore the maximum temporal coherence of the spatial structure among phases. Here the low-rank matrix corresponds to the ‘background’ or reference state, which is stationary over time or similar in structure; the sparse matrix stands for the ‘motion’ or time-varying component, e.g., heart motion in cardiac imaging, which is often either approximately sparse itself or can be sparsified in the proper basis. Besides 4D CT, this robust PCA-based 4D CT model should be applicable in other imaging problems for motion reduction or/and change detection with the least amount of data, such as multi-energy CT, cardiac MRI, and hyperspectral imaging. (2) A dynamic strategy for data acquisition, i.e. a temporally spiral scheme, is proposed that can potentially maintain similar reconstruction accuracy with far fewer projections of the data. The key point of this dynamic scheme is to reduce the total number of measurements, and hence the radiation dose, by acquiring complementary data in different phases while reducing redundant measurements of the common background structure. (3) An accurate, efficient, yet simple-to-implement algorithm based on the split Bregman method is developed for solving the model problem with sparse representation in tight frames.
Lumbar septic arthritis and psoas abscess due to Aggregatibacter aphrophilus

Invasive infections due to Aggregatibacter aphrophilus mainly include negative blood culture endocarditis and osteoarticular infections. The authors present herein a rare case of posterior septic arthritis related to A aphrophilus involving lumbar spine with contiguous abscesses of psoas and paravertebral muscles. The infection likely originated from oral cavity. A good outcome was observed after a prolonged and targeted antibiotherapy.
Correlations of striatal dopamine synthesis with default network deactivations during working memory in younger adults

Age‐related deficits have been demonstrated in working memory performance and in the dopamine system thought to support it. We performed positron emission tomography (PET) scans on 12 younger (mean 22.7 years) and 19 older (mean 65.8 years) adults using the radiotracer 6‐[18F]‐fluoro‐L‐m‐tyrosine (FMT), which measures dopamine synthesis capacity. Subjects also underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a delayed recognition working memory task. We evaluated age‐related fMRI activity differences and examined how they related to FMT signal variations in dorsal caudate within each age group. In posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus (PCC/Pc), older adults showed diminished fMRI deactivations during memory recognition compared with younger adults. Greater task‐induced deactivation (in younger adults only) was associated both with higher FMT signal and with worse memory performance. Our results suggest that dopamine synthesis helps modulate default network activity in younger adults and that alterations to the dopamine system may contribute to age‐related changes in working memory function. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suppression of 11b‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 with RNA Interference Substantially Attenuates 3T3‐L1 Adipogenesis

Overexpression of 11b‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11b‐HSD1) in adipose tissue leads to obesity in mice. We hypothesized that endogenous 11b‐HSD1 played a significant functional role in adipogenesis. Stable transfection of 3T3‐L1 cells with small hairpin RNA (shRNA), compared to a nucleotide‐substituted control, silenced 11b‐HSD1 expression and substantially attenuated the accumulation of lipid droplets and the expression of adipogenesis marker genes induced by a mixture containing either corticosterone or dexamethasone. 11b‐HSD1 silencing significantly elevated the concentration of 11‐dehydrocorticosterone in the culture supernatant, but did not affect the levels of corticosterone or dexamethasone, measured by LC‐MS/MS. 11b‐HSD1 silencing significantly attenuated the translocation of glucocorticoid receptors to the nucleus and reduced the number of cells entering the S phase in response to glucocorticoids (13 ± 1% vs. 30 ± 1% in control, n=5, P<0.05), a critical event in the initiation of adipogenesis. 11b‐HSD1 shRNA delivered by lentiviral vectors after the induction of differentiation reduced 11b‐HSD1 expression, but did not affect the further progression of adipogenesis. Our results established a functional and stage‐dependent role of 11b‐HSD1 in the initiation of 3T3‐L1 adipogenesis, and provided new insights into the development of obesity and related diseases.
Verifiable Offers and the Relationship between Auctions and Multilateral Negotiations

We use the experimental method to compare second-price auctions with 'verifiable' multilateral negotiations in which the sole buyer can credibly reveal to sellers the best price offer he currently holds. Despite the two institutions' seeming equivalence, we find that prices are lower in verifiable multilateral negotiations than in second-price auctions. The difference occurs because low-cost sellers in negotiations often submit initial offers below the second-lowest cost. We also compare the two institutions to previously studied first-price auctions and multilateral negotiations with non-verifiable offers. Second-price auctions yield the highest prices, followed in order by verifiable negotiations, non-verifiable negotiations and first-price auctions. Copyright 2005 Royal Economic Society.
Comparison of the CMV Brite Turbo Assay and the Digene Hybrid Capture CMV DNA (Version 2.0) Assay for Quantitation of Cytomegalovirus in Renal Transplant Recipients

ABSTRACT We compared the CMV Brite Turbo Kit (BT) and the Digene Hybrid Capture CMV DNA (version 2.0) assay (HC2) in the quantitation of pp65 antigenemia and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA levels in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients. Of 123 blood specimens collected from 24 renal transplant recipients, BT and HC2 assays detected 35 and 39 positive samples, respectively. The overall concordance rate between the two assays was 90%. Discordant results were observed at low levels of viremia, so that 8 samples were HC2 positive but BT negative and another 4 were BT positive but HC2 negative. There was good correlation (R2 = 0.766; P < 0.01) between the levels of CMV DNA and pp65 antigenemia in the 31 concordant positive samples. Correlation between results obtained with the two assays was confirmed by longitudinal studies for a patient who developed clinical CMV disease. HC2 may be more sensitive at low viremia levels and allow earlier detection of impending CMV disease. The BT assay offered the advantage of a rapid (2-h) turnaround time. We conclude that BT and HC2 assays have similar sensitivity and efficacy in the diagnosis and monitoring of CMV infection and disease in renal transplant recipients. While the HC2 assay would be appropriate for centers that handle a large number of samples, the BT test may be more suitable for small sample numbers or when results are needed urgently.
A Multicenter, Phase I Dose-Escalating Study of Docetaxel, Cisplatin and S-1 for Advanced Gastric Cancer (KDOG0601)

Objective: This dose-escalation study of a combination of docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 investigated the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), recommended dose (RD) and antitumor activity in advanced gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: Patients received docetaxel (40 mg/m2), cisplatin (DIV on day 1) and S-1 (40 mg/m2 p.o., twice daily, on days 1–14 every 28 days). The starting dose of cisplatin was 60 mg/m2 (level 1); the dose was escalated to 70 (level 2) and 80 mg/m2 (level 3) in a stepwise fashion. Results: Fourteen patients were enrolled. The MTD of cisplatin was 80 mg/m2 (level 3). DLT was grade 3 diarrhea, febrile neutropenia and delayed resumption of treatment. The RD of cisplatin was considered to be 70 mg/m2 (level 2). DLT was liver dysfunction, occurring in only 1 patient at level 2. The response rate was 69.2% (9/13). Conclusions: For combined treatment with docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 in patients with advanced gastric cancer, RD were docetaxel 40 mg/m2, cisplatin 70 mg/m2 and S-1 80 mg/m2/day. This regimen yields a high rate of tumor response and can be administered safely. Phase II studies of this regimen are under way.
An asynchronous low latency ordered arbiter for network on chips

To improve two shortcomings of traditional arbiters, large arbitration latency and limited correctness, this paper proposes a low latency ordered arbiter. Through arranging input requests arbitrated at the same stage, correctness of the arbiter can be guaranteed, also the strict first come first service (FCFS) can be realized, so as to improve the quality of service (QoS) of the on chip router. The proposed ordered arbiter is implemented based on BPTM 65nm CMOS technology. Results demonstrate this ordered arbiter has significant improvement on arbitration delay, and the area overheads are nearly the same as traditional ones. The proposed ordered arbiter can apply to network on chips which have QoS demand and high speed applications.
Statistical modeling of energy production by photovoltaic farms

This paper introduces several alternative statistical approaches to modeling and prediction of electric energy generated by photovoltaic farms. The statistical models use outputs of a numerical weather prediction model as their inputs. Presented statistical models allow for easy-to-compute predictions, both in temporal sense and for out-of-sample individual farms. Model performance is illustrated on a sample of real photovoltaic farms located in the Czech Republic.
Cultural Psychology Culture , Self and Identity : Interactivist Contributions to a Metatheory

A complete and thorough grasp of culture eludes psychology because of the pervasive dualism that pervades psychology and Western thought more broadly. Drawing on interactivism, a process model for human phenomena, we make two main points: first, culture cannot be reified, seen as distinct from the self, nor can it be treated as something objective or subjective; and, second, agency and culture are intertwined and distributed across levels of knowing. We explore how interactivism provides powerful resources for modeling the relationship between culture and the person and indicate how interactivism is generally compatible with social practice, hermeneutic, dialogical and narrative insights but situates them within a developmental ontology. We consider implications of interactivism for existing theories like internalization, self-construal theory and individualism–collectivism.
A traffic sign recognition method based on deep visual feature

With the development of modern transportation system, the technology of Intelligent Transportation System has attracted more and more interests from research and industry communities. Road traffic sign recognition is one of the most important topics in this field. The traditional methods excessively rely on image morphology, segmentation and various image feature extractions, however most of the methods cannot meet the requirements of the real applications of Intelligent Transportation. Recently, the technique of deep learning has been applied for image recognition and achieves very significant improvement. Inspired by previous work, we propose a new method base on deep visual features in our system to improve the performance of traffic sign recognition. The working process of our method: the first step is to collect and process the images, de-noised by using traditional method and performed the region of interest (ROI), then we determine the key frames in the video according to some features of ROI; for the second step, the Convolutional Neural Network is applied to extract the deep visual features of the images and then the Support Vector Machine(SVM) is employed for image region classification; the final step is to decide which one is the traffic sign according to the outputs of the SVM classification. The experimental results show that our method is robust and works effectively under complex circumstances. Compared with the traditional methods, it can input images directly and extract features independently, also, it achieves the best performance with higher accuracy rate and better real-time on some real world datasets.
A 3.1-5GHz high and flat gain UWB LNA

A 3.1-5 GHz Ultra Wideband (UWB) CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) with high gain and noise cancellation is presented. The LNA is composed of two stages-an input common-gate stage with a resonant load at 3.1GHz, driving a common source stage with a resonant load of 5GHz. Noise cancellation is achieved through the forward feedback technique, and an output buffer has been added for test purposes. The amplifier has been designed in a 0.65 nm CMOS process, and has a power gain of 21 dB that varies less than ±0.5dB across the 3.1–5 GHz band with a noise figure of less than 5.4 dB. The LNA consumes 8 mA of current from 1 V power supply and occupies 0.24 mm2 of chip area.
Refactoring Techniques for Migrating Applications to Generic Java Container Classes

Version 1.5 of the Java programming language will include generics, a language construct for associating typeparameterswith classes and methods. Generics are particularly useful for creating statically type-safe, reusable container classes such that a store of an inappropriate type causes a compile-time error, and that no down-casting is needed when retrieving elements. The standard libraries released with Java 1.5 will include generic versions of popular container classes such as HashMap and ArrayList. This paper presents a method for refactoring Java programs that use current container classes into equivalent Java 1.5 programs that use their new generic counterparts. Our method uses a variation on an existing model of type constraints to infer the element types of container objects, and it is parameterized by how much, if any, context sensitivity to exploit when generating these type constraints. We present both a context-insensitive instantiation of the framework and one using a low-cost variation on Agesen’s Cartesian Product Algorithm. The method has been implemented in Eclipse, a popular open-source development environment for Java. We evaluated our approach on several small benchmark programs, and found that, in all but one case, between 40% and 100% of all casts can be removed.