Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A compact multi‐slots loaded gap coupled CP antenna with DGS for WLAN/WiMAX applications

In this article a novel compact circularly polarized slotted gap coupled semi‐circular patch antenna is presented for WLAN and WiMAX applications. The prototype of the designed antenna is fabricated with an area of 42.5 × 42.5 mm2. The circular polarization (CP) radiation is obtained by introducing a square ring slot defect in the ground plane whereas wide impedance bandwidth is achieved by gap coupled semi‐circular patches with L‐shaped slots. In order to improve the antenna bandwidth with better impedance matching an inclined slot is etched from the center of the patches. Further, to understand the effect of slots on antenna characteristics a parametric study is conducted. The measured impedance bandwidth (|S11| ≤ −10 dB) and axial ratio bandwidth for AR ≤ 3 dB of the proposed antenna are 83.08% (5.15‐12.47 GHz) and 34.29% (4.30‐6.08 GHz), respectively. The gain of the antenna is > 4 dBi within the CP band. The measured and simulated results are well accepted.
ROLE OF MICRORNA-155 IN B-CELL LEUKEMIAS/LYMPHOMAS

ii DEDICATION.v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.vi VITA.viii LIST OF TABLES.xii LIST OF FIGURES.xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.xiv CHAPTER 1: MicroRNAs and their role in B-cell lymphomas/leukemias.1 1.1: Introduction.1 1.2: The miRNA-155.4 1.3: miR-155 in B-cell development and function.6 1.4: miR-155 in B-cell malignancies.7 1.5. miRNAs in lymphomas: miR-17~92 cluster.10 1.6: Potential for miRNAs in prognosis and outcome prediction.12 CHAPTER 2: Ship and CEBP/β are targeted by miR155 in B cells of Eμ-miR155 transgenic mice.18 2.
A Modulation Method to Realize Sinusoidal Line Current for Bidirectional Isolated Three-Phase AC/DC Dual-Active-Bridge Converter Based on Matrix Converter

A high-frequency link three-phase ac/dc converter based on matrix converter is widely studied because of its small size of passive components, and some modulation methods have been proposed. However, these methods have not achieved zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) and sinusoidal line currents under bidirectional operation with PQ control. This article presents a new modulation method to realize ZVS and sinusoidal line currents under bidirectional operation by accurate control parameters (duty cycle and phase shift) for high-frequency link bidirectional three-phase ac/dc dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter. The converter can realize ZVS by phase-shift-modulation similarly to the dc/dc DAB converter. The line currents have nonlinear characteristics to phase shift and duty cycle. Therefore, the proposed method uses a nonlinear mathematical model to determine the accurate duty cycle and phase shift in order to realize sinusoidal line currents. The accurate duty cycle and phase shift are determined by real-time numerical calculation. Experimental results employing a 1-kW laboratory prototype verify the capability to control active and reactive power with sinusoidal line current. It is confirmed that the proposed method can realize the sinusoidal line current with total harmonic distortion of less than 4% under the bidirectional operating condition at the rated power.
Determinação do protocolo de assepsia para reprodução in vitro de Euterpe precatoria MART.

Euterpe precatoria Mart. (Arecaceae), important in socio-economic and ecological aspects for providing the "wine" and palmetto, is appreciated in almost all of Brazil. However, when removing the palm, kill the palm tree, that does not share, lacking replanting immediate. Micropropagation is aggregate techniques to propagation aseptic environment from plant fragments induced by artificial cultivation with necessary vitamins and nutrients. The objective of this research was to evaluate protocols disinfection for breeding in vitro embryo and leaf explants of E. precatoria in Murashige and Skoog (1962) and commercial means of Orchids B & G Flores – Nutricao vegetal in order to cheapen production. Aseptically removed, the samples were subjected to treatment with alcohol 70% Sodium Hypochlorite 2% Fungicide Amistar® 10% and 10% Glutaron® varying the immersion time. The evaluation was made daily from the total amount of contaminated pipes and uncontaminated. Contamination by bacteria found in embryos and oxidation in leaf explants. As soon, suitable for foliar explants showed 20% contamination in B & G and 40% MS. For embryos contamination rate was 40% MS, and 33% in medium B&G.
A Potential Solution to a Poopy Problem: Bile Salt Analogs as Prophylactics Against Clostridium Difficile Infection

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . v DEDICATION . x TABLE OF CONTENTS . xi LIST OF TABLES . xiv LIST OF FIGURES . xv LIST OF SCHEMES . xviii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xix CHAPTER
ABSOLUTE LOCALIZATION OF CORNER REFLECTORS WITH TERRASAR-X SPOTLIGHT IMAGES

Abstract. Synthetic aperture radar, capable of imaging the Earth surface from space in nearly all-weather conditions and high spatial resolution, has shown its outstanding capability for a variety of ground mapping applications. With well-controlled orbits of the new generation SAR satellites, high accuracy absolute localization with multiple SAR images has been demonstrated and become one of the hot spots with increasing attention. In this paper, high-resolution Spotlight-mode TerraSAR-X images acquired from the single orbit track were applied to 3D absolute positioning of three triangular trihedral corner reflectors. In order to overcome the limitation imposed by the acquisitions with very short baselines, a height constraint was introduced and the sub-meter accuracy was derived after carefully compensating for the known error sources, such as atmospheric delays and solid earth tide shifts.
Mechanisms underlying heterogeneous distribution of moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. across a sharp pycnocline

The vertical distribution pattern of moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. medusae can vary dramatically within the water column, and a sharp pycnocline is one of the major factors that limit vertical distribution. Causes of this limited distribution are likely to be either or both of 2 behavioral responses: a passive response related to buoyancy and/or an active response related to the organism’s habitat requirements. However, these causes have yet to be verified. We conducted behavioral and physiological experiments and also performed numerical simulations to elucidate the mechanisms by which a pycnocline may restrict the vertical distribution of jellyfish. Behavioral experiments conducted in 2-layered water tanks showed that (1) salinity discontinuity alone limited the vertical distribution of jellyfish, (2) distribution was restricted to the layer with the same salinity as the jellyfish had physiologically been acclimatized to, and (3) jellyfish did not have any specific salinity or depth preferences. Analyses showed that the jellyfish bodies had a similar density to that of the ambient seawater. When jellyfish were transferred to seawater of a different salinity, they required several hours to acclimatize to the new environment. Our results indicate that jellyfish, when approaching a sharp pycnocline, are subjected to a strong buoyancy force and thus are unable to readily swim across the pycnocline. Numerical simulations also supported the buoyancy hypothesis. Therefore, we conclude that the passive response to the buoyancy force is the primary mechanism underlying the heterogeneous distribution of moon jellyfish across a sharp pycnocline.
Formulation of Mouth Dissolving Strips of Metoprolol Succinate Using Locust Bean Gum

The current project was carried out to investigate the use of locust bean gum as a film forming agent in the development of fast dissolving oral strips that can be utilized for the drug administration in urgent situations such as convulsive seizures, hypertension and dysphasia. Oral strips of locust bean gum were formulated using solvent casting method containing metoprolol succinate as model drug. (T1- T9) placebo films were formulated initially using different concentrations of locust bean gum to assess the film forming ability of the locust bean gum. Crospovidone and PEG-200 were used as disintegrating agent and plasticizer respectively. Stability against moisture was improved by addition of beeswax. Formulated films (T1-T9) were evaluated for their appearance, film forming capacity, moisture permeability, weight variation and thickness. Placebo film formulations T4 and T6 consisting of locust bean gum (0.6 gm), beeswax (0.1 gm) and crospovidone (4%), 0.3 and 0.9 ml of PEG-200 respectively were selected for drug loading. Drug loaded films (F1 and F2) were characterised for parameters such as weight variation, film thickness, folding endurance, drug content uniformity, in vitro disintegration time, in vitro drug release, tensile strength and surface pH. Composition F2 comprising of locust bean gum (0.6 gm) and 0.9 ml of PEG- 200 was chosen as optimized formulation. Stability studies of optimized drug loaded formulation was done as per ICH guidelines of stability. Locust bean gum appears as a good alternative over the various synthetic polymers utilized in the formulation and development of oral strips/ films.
Heuristic 3D Interactive Walks for Multilayer Network Embedding

Network embedding has been widely used to solve the network analytics problem. Existing methods mainly focus on networks with single-layered homogeneous or heterogeneous networks. However, many real-world complex systems can be naturally represented by multilayer networks, which is another term of heterogeneous networks with multiple edge/relation types. The problem of how to capture and utilize rich interaction information of multi-type relations causes a major challenge of multilayer network embedding. To address this problem, we propose a fast and scalable multilayer network embedding model, called HMNE, to efficiently preserve and learn information of multi-type relations into a unified embedding space. We develop a heuristic 3D interactive walk technique dedicated for multilayer networks, which can leverage rich interactions among distinct layers and effectively capture important information contained in the layered structure. We evaluate our proposed model HMNE on two downstream analytic applications: node classification and link prediction. Experimental results on seven social and biological multilayer network datasets demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms existing competitive baselines with reduced time and memory occupations.
Effects of supplementing geese with green sweet sorghum stalks on microbiota in segments of the gastrointestinal tract

To explore the effects of supplementing a basal diet with green sweet sorghum stalks on the gut microbiota in geese, one hundred and twenty 28 day old geese were divided into two groups. Group 1 was fed a basal diet and group 2 was fed 92% of the same basal diet with green sweet sorghum stalks ad libitum for 42 days. Three male geese from each group were killed at 70 days old, four gastrointestinal tract segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and caecum) were collected, and the hypervariable V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. There were obvious changes of microbiome in the caecum compared with the other three intestinal segments after green sweet sorghum stalks were added to the diet. Group 2 had significantly higher alpha diversity in the caecum compared with group 1 (P <0.05). The phyla of bacterial communities in the caecum differed. Group 2 had more abundant Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, but Proteobacteria were more abundant in group 1. At genus level, Bacteroides was more prevalent in group 2, as were Prevotella and YRC22 (P <0.05). Functional analysis revealed that the carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, endocrine system and digestive system metabolic pathways were overrepresented in group 2. In conclusion, caecal microbes might play an important role in digesting green sweet sorghum stalks in geese.Keywords: caecum, goose, microbiome, microbial diversity
A critical assessment of data quality and venous effects in ultra-high-resolution fMRI

Advances in hardware, pulse sequences, and reconstruction techniques have made it possible to perform functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at sub-millimeter resolution while maintaining high spatial coverage and acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we examine whether ultra-high-resolution fMRI can be exploited for routine use in neuroscience research. We conducted fMRI in human visual cortex during a simple event-related visual experiment (7T, gradient-echo EPI, 0.8-mm isotropic voxels, 2.2-s sampling rate, 84 slices), and developed analysis and visualization tools to assess the quality of the data. We make three main observations. First, we find that the acquired fMRI images, combined with appropriate surface-based processing, provide reliable and accurate measurements of fine-scale blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activity patterns. Second, we show that the highly folded structure of cortex causes substantial biases on spatial resolution and data visualization. Third, we examine the well-recognized issue of venous contributions to fMRI signals. In a systematic assessment of large sections of cortex measured at a fine scale, we show that time-averaged T2*-weighted EPI intensity is a simple, robust marker of venous effects. These venous effects are unevenly distributed across cortex, are more pronounced in gyri and outer cortical depths, and are, to a certain degree, in consistent locations across subjects relative to cortical folding. Furthermore, we show that these venous effects are strongly correlated with BOLD responses evoked by the experiment. We conclude that ultra-high-resolution fMRI can provide robust information about fine-scale BOLD activity patterns, but special care must be exercised in visualizing and interpreting these patterns, especially with regards to the confounding influence of the brain’s vasculature. To help translate these methodological findings to neuroscience research, we provide practical suggestions for both high-resolution and standard-resolution fMRI studies.
Modeled Climate Responses to Realistic Extremes of Northern Hemisphere Spring and Summer Snow Anomalies

Northern Hemisphere (NH) snow cover extent (SCE) has diminished in spring and early summer since the 1960s. Historical simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) estimated about half as much NH SCE reduction as observed, and thus underestimated the associated climate responses. This study investigates atmospheric responses to realistic decreasing snow anomalies using multiple ensemble transient integrations of climate models forced by observed light and heavy NH snow cover years, specifically satellite-based observations of NH SCE and snow water equivalent from March to August in 1990 (light snow) and 1985 (heavy snow), as a proxy for the trend. The primary atmospheric responses to March–August NH snow reduction are decreased soil moisture, increased surface air temperature, general tropospheric warming in the extratropics and the Arctic, increased geopotential heights, and weakening of the midlatitude jet stream and eddy kinetic energy. The localized response is maintained by persistent increased diabatic heating due to reduced snow anomalies and resulting soil moisture drying, and the remote atmospheric response results partly from horizontal propagation of stationary Rossby wave energy and also from a transient eddy feedback mechanism. In summer, atmospheric responses are significant in both the Arctic and the tropics and are mostly induced by contemporaneous snow forcing, but also by the summer soil moisture dry anomaly associated with early snow melting.
Do Daily Spiritual Experiences Moderate the Effect of Stressors on Psychological Well-being? A Smartphone-based Experience Sampling Study of Depressive Symptoms and Flourishing

ABSTRACT Much of the survey research on religion/spirituality and mental health in the U.S. must be assumed to capture stable respondent traits when it is possible temporary states are actually being recorded. The smartphone-based experience sampling method (ESM) in the SoulPulse Study, which collected data twice a day for two weeks, allows an opportunity to examine this problem further by assessing state (single moment) and trait (two-week average) scores of daily spiritual experiences (DSE) as moderators of a daily stressor checklist, depressive symptoms, and flourishing (a well-being indicator that addresses happiness, life satisfaction, meaning and purpose, virtue, close social relationships, etc.). Findings indicate robust direct associations between stressors, DSE, and well-being, as well as substantial support for the moderating role of state and trait daily spiritual experiences. The study: 1) demonstrates that DSE may serve as a buffer against daily stressors at both the trait and state levels, 2) provides further evidence for flourishing as a holistic indicator of well-being, and 3) indicates that ESM methodologies can add to our understanding of human well-being.
Using a trait-based approach to measure the impact of dam closure in fish communities of a Neotropical River

Damming is one of the main causes of the global decline in freshwater biodiversity. Yet, many hydroelectric dams are being built (or planned) in the Neotropics, where the high species diversity and lack of basic ecological knowledge provide a major obstacle to understanding the effects of this environmental change, which has been mostly described from the perspective of taxonomic change. However, this approach does not account for biological function. Trait-based analysis provides an alternative approach to bioassessment. We assessed the impact of dam closure on the functional structure of fish communities of a Neotropical river by applying trait-based analyses to the response of individual traits aggregated at the assemblage level. Fish data were collected during three distinct time periods (1 year before, 1 year after and 5 years after dam closure), at eight sites located downstream of the dam, in the reservoir, transition zone and upstream. The results indicated that reproduction strategies (migration and parental care) and diet (detritivores) were the trait categories mostly affected by the dam, with the response of downstream assemblages differing from upstream of the dam. A trait-based analysis to the impact of damming on fish communities appears to be a promising approach using an initial descriptive analysis of individual traits and regression models of multiple traits that reflect species’ adaptation to the new environment. This study provides both an alternative and complementary approach to taxonomic assessment of impacts from damming, contributing towards a more robust evaluation of the response of fish communities to dams.
Application of genomic technologies to the improvement of meat quality in farm animals

Meat quality is one of the most important economic traits in farm animals. The goal of genomics technologies is to provide genetic map and other resources to identify loci responsible for genetic variation in quantitative traits such as meat quality. Candidate gene and genome scanning are two main techniques for this purpose. In the past decade, advances in molecular genetics led to identify these genes and markers linked to them. Sequencing of animal genome is important to distinguish gene function and molecular basis of meat quality determinants. Candidate gene considers relationship between the traits of interest and known genes, while genome scanning studies relationship between traits and pre-mapped markers. So far, several genes and sequences were detected which affect meat quality, for example quantitative trait loci (QTL) on chromosome 18 in sheep which causes muscle hypertrophy. The aim of this review is introduce and applications of genomic technologies to the improvement of meat quality. Key words: Genomics technologies, meat quality, candidate gene, genome scanning.
Racial and ethnic disparities in youth perceptions of police in the community and school: considering the effects of multilevel factors

PurposeRecent publicized incidents involving police and youth, particularly minorities, may undermine attitudes toward police. This research examines the effect of race/ethnicity on youth attitudes toward police in two contexts.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes survey data from 17,000 youth in California aggregated with data on poverty and crime. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) is used to examine the effects of individual and structural factors on perceptions of the police in the community and in school.FindingsRace/ethnicity is related to perceptions of police in both contexts even after accounting for structural factors, with Blacks and Hispanics having less positive perceptions than Whites and Asians. Differences in perceptions between racial/ethnic groups were larger for police in the community than school police. Structural factors were associated with perceptions of police in the community but not at school.Originality/valueThis study differs from much of the previous literature examining race and attitudes toward police, which has largely focused on adults. The current study examines youth attitudes toward the police in two separate contexts and considers the influence of structural factors.
Nutrient Release Dynamics Associated with Native and Invasive Leaf Litter Decomposition: A Mesocosm Experiment

Leaf litter contributes to the functioning of aquatic ecosystems through allochthonous inputs of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements. Here, we examine leaf litter nutrient inputs and decomposition associated with four plant species using a mesocosm approach. Native sycamore fig Ficus sycomorus L. , and silver cluster–leaf Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. decomposition dynamics were compared to invasive tickberry Lantana camara L. and guava Psidium guajava L. , whereby phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, silicate, and ammonium releases were quantified over time. Leaf inputs significantly reduced pH, with reductions most marked by invasive L. camara. Conductivity was heightened by all leaf input treatments, except native T. sericea. Leaf inputs significantly affected all nutrient levels monitored in the water over time, except for silicate. In particular, leaf litter from invasive L. camara drove significantly increased nutrient concentrations compared to other native plant species, whilst effects of invasive P. guajava were less statistically clear. The end weights of the leaf litter demonstrated decomposition differences among the species types, following a decreasing order of P. guajava > T. sericea > F. sycomorus > L. camara, further suggesting high organic inputs from invasive L. camara. The study results highlight that differential leaf litter decomposition rates of four plant species can play a significant role in nutrient release, in turn altering aquatic ecosystem productivity. However, these effects likely depend on species-specific differences, rather than between invasive–native species generally. Shifting terrestrial plant communities may alter aquatic community composition, but specific effects are likely associated with leaf traits.