Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extracting Event-related Information from a Corpus Regarding Soil Industrial Pollution

: We study the extraction and reorganization of event-related information in texts regarding industrial pollution. The object is to build a memory of polluted sites that gathers the information about industrial events from various databases and corpora. An industrial event is described through several features as the event trigger, the industrial activity, the institution, the pollutant, etc. In order to efﬁciently collect information from a large corpus, it is necessary to automatize the information extraction process. To this end, we manually annotated a part of a corpus about soil industrial pollution, then we used it to train information extraction models with deep learning methods. The models we trained achieve 0.76 F-score on event feature extraction. We intend to improve the models and then use them on other text resources to enrich the polluted sites memory with extracted information about industrial events.
Synchronization of Heinrich and Dansgaard‐Oeschger Events Through Ice‐Ocean Interactions

The cause of Heinrich events and their relationship with Dansgaard‐Oeschger (DO) events are not fully understood. Previous modeling studies have argued that Heinrich events result from either internal oscillations generated within ice sheets or ocean warming occurring during DO events. In this study, we present a coupled model of ice stream and ocean dynamics to evaluate the behavior of the coupled system with few degrees of freedom and minimal parameterizations. Both components of the model may oscillate independently, with stagnant versus active phases for the ice stream model and strong versus weak Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) phases for the ocean model. The ice sheet and ocean interact through submarine melt at the ice stream grounding line and freshwater flux into the ocean from ice sheet discharge. We show that these two oscillators have a strong tendency to synchronize, even when their interaction is weak, due to the amplification of small perturbations typical in nonlinear oscillators. In synchronized regimes with ocean‐induced melt at the ice stream grounding line, Heinrich events always follow DO events by a constant time lag. We also introduce noise into the ocean system and find that ice‐ocean interactions not only maintain a narrow distribution of timing between Heinrich and DO events, but also regulate DO event periodicity against noise in the climate system. This synchronization persists across a broad range of parameters, indicating that it is a robust explanation for Heinrich events and their timing despite the significant uncertainty associated with past ice sheet conditions.
Soil resource availability is much more important than soil resource heterogeneity in determining the species diversity and abundance of karst plant communities

Abstract Resource availability and heterogeneity are recognized as two essential environmental aspects to determine species diversity and community abundance. However, how soil resource availability and heterogeneity determine species diversity and community abundance in highly heterogeneous and most fragile karst landscapes is largely unknown. We examined the effects of soil resource availability and heterogeneity on plant community composition and quantified their relative contribution by variation partitioning. Then, a structural equation model (SEM) was used to further disentangle the multiple direct and indirect effects of soil resource availability on plant community composition. Species diversity was significantly influenced by the soil resource availability in shrubland and woodland but not by the heterogeneity in woodland. Abundance was significantly affected by both soil resource availability and heterogeneity, whereas variation partitioning results showed that soil resource availability explained the majority of the variance in abundance, and the contribution of soil resource heterogeneity was marginal. These results indicated that soil resource availability plays a more important role in determining karst plant community composition than soil resource heterogeneity. Our SEMs further found that the multiple direct and indirect processes of soil resource availability in determining karst species diversity and abundance were different in different vegetation types. Soil resource availability and heterogeneity both played a certain role in determining karst plant community composition, while the importance of soil resource availability far exceeded soil resource heterogeneity. We propose that steering community restoration and reconstruction should be highly dependent on soil resource availability, and multiple direct and indirect pathways of soil resource availability for structuring karst plant communities need to be taken into account.
Diatom (Bacillariophyceae) assemblages in tidal environments of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada

To understand distributions of coastal diatoms along Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, this paper describes diatom assemblages observed in 47 surface sediment samples from intertidal environments. One hundred and eighty‐four diatom taxa were identified from five transects crossing tidal flats, salt marshes, and freshwater forests in Tofino, Ucluelet, and Port Alberni. Distributions of the diatom assemblages were consistent with those reported elsewhere in the Pacific Northwest, but a few diatom taxa show different trends in their distributions. For example, one benthic species Denticula subtilis shows widespread distributions along the transect in Tofino. An ordination shown by Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) using a combined dataset indicated overlapped scatter plots of diatom assemblages, suggesting that assemblages with similar species compositions are observed in more than one location. Hierarchical and k‐means clustering analyses using Euclidean distance recognized unique small groups along each transect. Rank abundance curves show different trends for richness and evenness of diatom assemblages among the five transects.
Investigation of the influence of the geodynamic position of coal-bearing dumps on their endogenous fire hazard

The paper investigates the hypothesis according to which one of the factors influencing the spontaneous combustion of coal-bearing dumps is its geodynamic position, i.e. its location in the geodynamically dangerous zone (GDZ) at the boundary of the Earth crust blocks. This hypothesis is put forward on the basis of scientific ideas about the block structure of the Earth crust and the available statistical data on the location of burning dumps and is studied using computer modeling. A dump located in the area of Eastern Donbass was chosen as the object of research. The simulation results show that the penetration of air into the dump body from the mine through the GDZ, which crosses the mining zone, is possible at an excess pressure of 1000 Pa created by the main ventilation fans. The fire source appearance in the dump body causes an increase in the temperature of the dump mass and becomes a kind of trigger that "turns on" the aerodynamic connection between the dump and the environment, carried out through the GDZ. It is concluded that the establishment of an aerodynamic connection between the mine workings and the dump through the GDZ can be an important factor contributing to the endogenous fire hazard of coal-bearing dumps. The simulation results can be used in the development of projects for monitoring coal-bearing dumps and measures to combat their spontaneous combustion.
A 0.2~3.8-GHz Full-Duplex Receiver With More Than ⩾ 25 dB Self-interference Cancellation Using a C-DAC Based Vector Canceller

This paper presents a 0.2~3.8-GHz in-band (IB) full-duplex (FD) mixer-first receiver based on a vector self-interference (SI) canceller. To ensure the wideband orthogonality of the reconstructed SI signal while minimizing the noise figure (NF) degradation in FD mode, a low insertion loss two-stage polyphase filter (PPF) with a lacking resistance and capacitance (LRC) structure is used in the SI canceller. A 6-bits passive capacitor digital to analog converter (C-DAC) attenuator not only realizes the high-precision amplitude adjustment of the reconstructed SI signal but also avoids the linearity limitation of the back-end modules of the canceller and reduces the noise contribution of the front-end modules at the canceller output. A four-phase mixer-first receiver with enhanced out-of-band (OOB) interference suppression is designed to provide sufficient linearity to reduce the SI-induced nonlinear distortion. As a proof of concept, a prototype FD receiver is fabricated in CMOS 65 nm technology and measured in chip-on-board (COB) package. Measurement results show that it can operate in the frequency range of 0.2~3.8-GHz with more than 25 dB SIC amount for 10 MHz bandwidth (BW) 64-QAM modulated signals in fixed (30 dB) channel attenuation test setup. The receiver achieves OOB input-referred third-order intercept point (OOB-IIP3) of +24 dBm and OOB input-referred second-order intercept point (OOB-IIP2) of +82 dBm at 1-GHz local oscillator (LO) frequency. In FD mode, the NF degradation is ⩽1.5 dB. The effective IB-IIP3 and effective IB-IIP2 are enhanced by 15 dB and 28 dB, respectively. The power consumption of entire FD receiver including the SI canceller is less than 44 mW. The active chip area is 0.55 mm2.
Concentration‐Discharge Relationships of Dissolved Rhenium in Alpine Catchments Reveal Its Use as a Tracer of Oxidative Weathering

Oxidative weathering of sedimentary rocks plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Rhenium (Re) has been proposed as a tracer of rock organic carbon (OCpetro) oxidation. However, the sources of Re and its mobilization by hydrological processes remain poorly constrained. Here, we examine dissolved Re as a function of water discharge, using samples collected from three alpine catchments that drain sedimentary rocks in Switzerland (Erlenbach and Vogelbach) and Colorado, USA (East River). The Swiss catchments reveal a higher dissolved Re flux in the catchment with higher erosion rates, but have similar [Re]/[Na+] and [Re]/[SO42−] ratios, which indicate a dominance of Re from OCpetro. Despite differences in rock type and hydro‐climatic setting, the three catchments have a positive correlation between river water [Re]/[Na+] and [Re]/[SO42−] and water discharge. We propose that this reflects preferential routing of Re from a near‐surface, oxidative weathering zone. The observations support the use of Re as a proxy to trace rock‐organic carbon oxidation, and suggest it may be a hydrological tracer of vadose zone processes. We apply the Re proxy and estimate CO2 release by OCpetro oxidation of 5.7 +6.6/−2.0 tC km−2 yr−1 for the Erlenbach. The overall weathering intensity was ∼40%, meaning that the corresponding export of unweathered OCpetro in river sediments is large, and the findings call for more measurements of OCpetro oxidation in mountains and rivers as they cross floodplains.
Entangled with the necropolis: a decolonial feminist analysis of femicide news coverage in Latin America

ABSTRACT This project examines how Latin American print media discursively construct the issue of femicide/feminicide in the context of rampant judicial impunity, state neglect, neoliberal decimation, and excess violence in the region. We theorize alongside decolonial feminists that call for repeated attention to the ways in which the neoliberal state and its institutional allies are entangled in simultaneously colonial, imperial, white supremacist, ableist, and hetero-patriarchal power formations. Our multimodal critical discourse analysis of 534 news articles from top circulating newspapers spans across the five Latin American countries with highest femicide rates. Through a theoretical lens that engages with necropolitics and gore capitalism, we find that news discourse is a critical site for the neoliberal state’s enactment of necropower, or the ability to name certain bodies as inhuman and thus naturally marked for death. Our findings evidence that Latin American media, through its almost exclusive reliance on governmental frameworks and data, depict femicide as a photo-op to reaffirm state efficiency and power; represent women as vessels empty of human life; construct femicide as inevitable and/or justified; and normalize the commodification of excess violence in the form of gore and the fetishization of cadavers.
Does corporate social performance lead to better financial performance? Evidence from Turkey

In the past two decades, research on the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) has seen considerable growth; however, evidence from Turkey remains scarce, and the results are not uniform. To address this lack, this study investigates the impact of CSP on CFP from the perspective of stakeholder theory. Following the investigation of 47 publicly listed companies from the BIST Corporate Governance Index (XKURY) in the period 2014–2018. The results demonstrate that CSP positively affects CFP in both the short and long term. This study addresses the lack of Turkish experience, and the results indicate that CSP is an intangible resource in corporate strategy that can improve the competitive power of Turkish enterprises. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the positive role of CSP in short-term and long-term CFP in the Turkish context from the stakeholder perspective. The results have implications for Turkish policymakers regarding the rational use of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to promote economic development and insights for Turkish enterprises in terms of gaining stakeholders' trust and improving investors' valuation through the strategic use of CSR to achieve long-term, sustainable development of enterprise competitiveness and finance.
A Novel Safety Evaluation Method for Mountain Tunnel Surrounding Rock Based on Vague Set

The stability of tunnel surrounding rock is the key point of tunnel construction control. Because numerous monitoring indicators are ambiguous and uncertain, it is difficult for traditional safety evaluation methods to predict accurately. To improve the reliability of the safety evaluation results of the tunnel surrounding rock, a safety evaluation method of the surrounding rock in the mountain tunnel was proposed based on the vague similarity theory. First, the new similarity functions were constructed by analyzing the deficiencies of the existing similarity functions, and the function reasonableness and superiority of the new similarity were shown by comparing calculation examples with existing similarity functions. Second, the safety evaluation index system of mountain tunnel surrounding rock was constructed, and the improved new similarity function was used to propose the safety evaluation method based on vague set. Lastly, an extractable safety assessment model was established based on the vague set. The measured data were processed as dimensionless and converted into vague values. Case analysis was conducted according to an engineering project, and the results were consistent with the actual monitored data. Results show as follows: (1) In this paper, the principal and objective weights are obtained by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight. The interval weights are constructed and optimized according to the principle of maximizing the distance between the degree of membership and the degree of non-membership. The influence of human factors is avoided effectively. (2) The indicators are processed with the vague values in the model, and the information is comprehensive. The obtained evaluation results are consistent with the actual safety conditions of mountain tunnel construction. The obtained conclusions indicate that the safety evaluation method proposed in this paper can solve the risk evaluation of surrounding rock in mountain tunnels with uncertain characteristics, which can provide a preferred decision reference for design and construction of the tunnel.
Chronic Activation of AMPK Induces Mitochondrial Biogenesis through Differential Phosphorylation and Abundance of Mitochondrial Proteins in Dictyostelium discoideum

Mitochondrial biogenesis is a highly controlled process that depends on diverse signalling pathways responding to cellular and environmental signals. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a critical metabolic enzyme that acts at a central control point in cellular energy homeostasis. Numerous studies have revealed the crucial roles of AMPK in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis; however, molecular mechanisms underlying this process are still largely unknown. Previously, we have shown that, in cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum, the overexpression of the catalytic α subunit of AMPK led to enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, which was accompanied by reduced cell growth and aberrant development. Here, we applied mass spectrometry-based proteomics of Dictyostelium mitochondria to determine the impact of chronically active AMPKα on the phosphorylation state and abundance of mitochondrial proteins and to identify potential protein targets leading to the biogenesis of mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis is associated with variations in the phosphorylation levels and abundance of proteins related to energy metabolism, protein synthesis, transport, inner membrane biogenesis, and cellular signalling. The observed changes are accompanied by elevated mitochondrial respiratory activity in the AMPK overexpression strain. Our work is the first study reporting on the global phosphoproteome profiling of D. discoideum mitochondria and its changes as a response to constitutively active AMPK. We also propose an interplay between the AMPK and mTORC1 signalling pathways in controlling the cellular growth and biogenesis of mitochondria in Dictyostelium as a model organism.
NERWS: Towards Improving Information Retrieval of Digital Library Management System Using Named Entity Recognition and Word Sense

An information retrieval (IR) system is the core of many applications, including digital library management systems (DLMS). The IR-based DLMS depends on either the title with keywords or content as symbolic strings. In contrast, it ignores the meaning of the content or what it indicates. Many researchers tried to improve IR systems either using the named entity recognition (NER) technique or the words’ meaning (word sense) and implemented the improvements with a specific language. However, they did not test the IR system using NER and word sense disambiguation together to study the behavior of this system in the presence of these techniques. This paper aims to improve the information retrieval system used by the DLMS by adding the NER and word sense disambiguation (WSD) together for the English and Arabic languages. For NER, a voting technique was used among three completely different classifiers: rules-based, conditional random field (CRF), and bidirectional LSTM-CNN. For WSD, an examples-based method was used to implement it for the first time with the English language. For the IR system, a vector space model (VSM) was used to test the information retrieval system, and it was tested on samples from the library of the University of Kufa for the Arabic and English languages. The overall system results show that the precision, recall, and F-measures were increased from 70.9%, 74.2%, and 72.5% to 89.7%, 91.5%, and 90.6% for the English language and from 66.3%, 69.7%, and 68.0% to 89.3%, 87.1%, and 88.2% for the Arabic language.
Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic Polycarbonate/Carbon Nanotubes Porous Monolith for Selective Oil Adsorption from Water

A superhydrophobic/superoleophilic porous polycarbonate/carboxyl-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PC/cMWCNTs) monolith with novel hierarchical micronanostructure was facilely fabricated via a thermally impacted nonsolvent induced phase separation method. A novel porous microstructure endowed PC/cMWCNTs monolith had a high porosity of 90.1%. Based on excellent superhydrophobicity (water contact angle of 159°) and superoleophilicity (oil contact angle of 0°), this porous monolith could selectively adsorb various types of oils/organic solvents from the oil–water mixture. Additionally, the monolith exhibited outstanding oil/water separation performance including fast adsorption speed, high saturation capacity, and superior recycling ability. The equilibrium adsorption time and saturated adsorption capacity of soybean oil were 20 s and 12.62 g g–1, respectively. By simple centrifugation or evaporation, the recovered PC/cMWCNTs monolith could be reused for at least 10 cycles. Thus, porous PC/cMWCNTs.
Cocrystallization of Curcumin with Benzenediols and Benzenetriols via Rapid Solvent Removal

Recent advances in crystal engineering by cocrystallization have offered a promising approach for tackling undesirable physicochemical properties of drug substances. In this study, various structurally similar benezenediols and benezenetriols, namely, catechol (CAT), resorcinol (RES), hydroquinone (HYQ), hydroxyquinol (HXQ), and pyrogallol (PYR), were employed as coformers to obtain phase pure cocrystals with curcumin (CUR) by rapid solvent evaporation of solutions. We successfully prepared two new cocrystals, CUR–CAT and CUR–HYQ, and a new polymorph of cocrystal, CUR–HXQ. Both could not be obtained by traditional cocrystallization methods. Their 1:1 stoichiometry was confirmed by the construction of a binary phase diagram through differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The hygroscopicity, dissolution, and tableting performance of the resulting cocrystals were evaluated. Compared to the individual constituent coformers, cocrystals exhibited profound improvement in the stability against high humidity.
Prediction of flexible pavement 3-D finite element responses using Bayesian neural networks

ABSTRACT 3-D finite element (FE) models have many advantages over traditional mechanistic tools. They allows modelling of tyre–pavement interactions, including complex viscoelastic or stress-dependent material behaviour and they capture time-dependent load interactions. However, they require significant computational resources and knowledge to run and interpret. This study introduces a surrogate model to predict 3D FE model responses using Bayesian neural networks that include model uncertainty. 850 3-D pavement FE cases were used to develop the model. Data size was increased to 1600 using data augmentation techniques. To quantify model uncertainty, Monte Carlo dropout was used as Bayesian approximation. The model was tested for sensitivity to ensure that the physical laws of the problem were not violated. In addition, the model was tested for calibration to make sure that prediction bound matched observations. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) were utilised to increase the interpretability of the neural network. The highest relative error was below 15%. The model can be used to accurately predict 3-D FE pavement model responses and/or as a diagnostic tool to identify regions with sparse data that result in high model uncertainty.