Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening the capabilities of Indonesian indigenous mold in producing cellulase enzyme

This study aims to get the isolates of mold that can potentially produce cellulase enzyme. This research was conducted in December 2017 until January 2018 in Microbiology Laboratory of Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The screening test of potential isolates producing cellulase enzymes was performed on 31 isolates of UNJCC in CDA medium with addition of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) substrate and testing of clear zone formation using 0.1% congo red reagent. From the result of the research, there are 18 potential mold isolates which can produce cellulase enzyme. 3 isolates which have the highest Cellulolytic index are isolate A17, K4, and 1 which have cellulolytic index value of 1.03, 0.32, 0.29. From macroscopic and microscopic identification it can be assumed that the coded isolates of K4 and A17 belong to the genus Aspergillus, while, isolates code 1 belong to the genus Penicillium. Forming the clear zone on CMC subtrate with dropped congo red reagent it because congo red reagent can bind strongly with polysaccharides containing β (1-4) D-glucopyranosyl bonds. And the ability of clear zone formation on CMC substrates shows the presence of enzyme endo-β-1,4 glucanase (CMCase) that can breaks off the β -1,4-glycosidic bond linking D-glucose monomer to CMC.
Aluminum stress tolerance in potato genotypes grown with silicon

Potato cultivation is widespread around the world, being exposed to several abiotic stresses, including soils with high aluminum (Al) availability. Silicon (Si) is recognized for alleviating the stress caused by Al in various plant species. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Si to mitigate the oxidative stress caused by Al in potato genotypes, exhibiting differential sensitivity toward this element. Plants of the Al-sensitive genotype (SMIJ319-7) and Al-tolerant genotype (SMIF212-3) were grown for two weeks in a hydroponic system with the nutrient solution containing combinations of Al (0 and 1.85 mM) and Si (0, 0.5 and 1.0 mM). At the end of the experiment, photosynthetic parameters, pigment content, root and shoot growth, superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. In both potato genotypes Al BASIC AREAS Article Aluminum stress tolerance in potato genotypes grown with silicon Athos Odin Severo Dorneles1, Aline Soares Pereira2, Victória Martini Sasso3, Gessieli Possebom3, Camila Peligrinotti Tarouco4, Márcio Renan Weber Schorr3, Liana Rossato3, Paulo Ademar Avela Ferreira3, Luciane Almeri Tabaldi5 1.Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuárias do Clima Temperado Pelotas (RS), Brazil. 2.Universidade Federal de Pelotas Departamento de Fitotecnia Pelotas (RS), Brazil. 3.Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Departamento de Fitotecnia Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. 4.Universidade Federal de Pelotas Departamento de Fitossanidade Capão do Leão (RS), Brasil. 5.Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Biologia Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. *Corresponding author: athos_odin@hotmail.com Received: Jan. 6, 2018 – Accepted: Aug. 1, 2018 inhibited root and shoot growth and decreased all photosynthetic parameters and superoxide dismutase activity. Silicon was able to partially alleviate the damage caused by Al in parameters of root growth in the Al-tolerant genotype while increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitigating the Al-induced damage to membrane lipids in roots and shoot in both genotypes. The Al-tolerant genotype showed greater water use efficiency and transpiration rate in control conditions as compared to the Al-sensitive genotype. These data indicate that Si application can improve the defense ability of the tested potato genotypes against Al toxicity and that the Al-tolerant genotype is more responsive to Si.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and pregnancy in chronic myeloid leukemia: opinion, evidence, and recommendations

With survival expectation that of age-matched controls and given excellent response and worldwide access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), family planning is increasingly important for a considerable fraction of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The potential for therapy discontinuation (“treatment free remission”) can afford the opportunity for a CML patient in deep response to plan and carry a pregnancy to full term without any therapeutic interventions. However, the reality of pregnancy desired or occurring when patients are not eligible for treatment-free remission raises the discussion of therapy choices during pregnancy. To date there are no official guidelines available to assist patients and clinicians with these decisions. This first position paper aims to analyze information published and presented surrounding this challenging area, with focus on different scenarios of disease burden and time from CML diagnosis, including CML discovered during pregnancy and pregnancy during CML treatment. An updated review, supported by data and presented together with authors’ joint recommendations, is aimed to counsel the practical management of CML patients and pregnancy.
Effect of glycemic control and dyslipidemia on plasma vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelium-derived factor in diabetic retinopathy patients in Northern Nigeria

Objectives: The disruption of the reciprocal regulation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) has been associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study assessed the levels of VEGF, PEDF, indices of glycemia, and lipid profile in diabetic patients with retinopathy. Methods: One hundred fifty participants comprised 50 type 2 diabetic patients with DR, 50 without DR and 50 non-diabetic normotensive controls, aged 30–80 years, were randomly recruited for this case-control study. The study was carried out from November 2017 to December 2018. VEGF, PEDF, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, and lipid profile were determined using standard methods. Blood pressures (BP) and anthropometric indices were measured. Chi-squared test of independence, analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation were used to analyze data. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Results: Both diabetic groups had significantly higher (P = 0.001) systolic and diastolic BP, VEGF, PEDF, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and significantly lower (P = 0.005) VEGF/PEDF than the controls. However, the diabetics with retinopathy had significantly higher (P = 0.001) HDL-C, LDL-C, VEGF, and PEDF levels compared to the diabetics without retinopathy. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the levels of VEGF, PEDF, and VEGF/PEDF in both groups of diabetics that had good glycemic control and poor glycemic control. There was also no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the levels of VEGF and PEDF between the dyslipidemic and non-dyslipidemic subjects in both diabetic groups. Conclusion: DR is associated with higher levels of VEGF and PEDF while good glycemic control and dyslipidemia seem not to have a profound effect on VEGF and PEDF levels in diabetics with or without DR. Higher PEDF levels are associated with higher atherogenic risk in the diabetics with retinopathy.
Quality and Acceptability of Value-Added Beef Burger

The sensory quality attributes of coated anduncoated beef burger patties formulated with texture soy granules or vegetables (peas andcarrots) were studied in comparison to that of the control. In corporation of textured soy significantly reduced the color, marbling, appearance, flavor, tenderness, juiciness, taste andoverall acceptability in comparison with either control or vegetable extended burgers. Addition of peas andcarrots to uncoated burger significantly reduced the binding scores in raw samples, as well as flavor andjuiciness in cooked samples, however, no significant differences could be observed in the other sensory attributes in both raw andcooked products. Vegetable extended burger had the highest cooking loss percent (20.14), followed by control samples (17.83), while soy extended product had the lowest value (15.82%). Application of batter andbreading to vegetable extended burger significantly improved the investigated sensory parameters in comparison with the uncoated samples. On the other hand, application of batter andbreading to soy extended burger revealed no improvement in the sensory quality attributes in both raw andcooked samples. Addition of soy granules andvegetables significantly increased the moisture, ash andcarbohydrate andreduced the fat content of raw burger patties. Moreover the incorporation of textured soy significantly increased the protein content.
Emotional Intelligence of Undergraduate Athletes: The Role of Sports Experience

Sport is an emotional experience. Studies have shown that high emotional intelligence (EI) is associated with better sports performance, though different aspects of sports experience and their relationship with EI are still unclear. This study examined the possible relationships between sports experience and EI dimensions of undergraduate athletes. Likewise, according to the differences described in the literature between men and women, the secondary aim was to identify the possible relationship between EI and sports experience in both subgroups. A total of 1784 [712 men (39.9%), 1072 women (60.1%); mean age = 21.3 years, SD = 4.2)] undergraduate athletes completed the Trait Meta Mood Scale and a sports experience questionnaire. Comparisons between groups were performed using Mann–Whitney-U and H-Kruskal–Wallis tests and correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman correlation. We found that the number of different sports practiced and the number of years practicing sports were positively associated with emotional repair (ER). However, the number of years practicing sports was negatively associated with emotional attention (EA). Male athletes who trained more and had a higher competitive level were more likely to show higher ER. In any case, it is necessary to take into account that all the associations were weak. Our study suggested that athletes tend to attend to and value their feelings and use positive thinking to repair their negative moods.
THE ESTIMATION OF NUTRITIVE AND SENSORY VALUE OF THE PASTEURIZED TOMATO JUICE FROM ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL PRODUCTION

Summary The aim of work was to analyze the nutritive value of tomato juices with a special focus on the bioact ive compounds. The ripe tomato fruits of 3 varieties (Merkury, Rumba a nd Picolino) cultivated in the organic and conventi onal systems have been picked in the same time, processed into juice and pasteurized. The obtained products have been an alyzed chemically in order to determine the nutritive value and the cont ent of bioactive compounds (vitamin C, flavonoids a nd carotenoids). The sensory profile analyze of the juices has been simu ltaneously carried out. The results obtained indica ted that organic tomato juice contained significantly more vitamin C, total phenolic acids, gallic and chlorogenic acids in comparison with the conventional juice. Organic tomato juice obtained h igher sensory notes for sweet taste; it was also si gnificantly denser and had better palpable fruit particles comparing with the conventional juice. The organic juice received at the same time higher notes of tomato taste and general quality. T omato juice obtained from Picolino cultivar fruits contained significantly more total sugars, vitamin C, beta-carotene and org anic acids and less free amino acids than juice mad e of other tomato cultivars. Considering the higher content of the im portant bioactive compounds and better taste, the o rganic tomato juice should be recommended for everyday consumption.
Systematic Review of the Surgical Outcomes of Elbow Plicae

Background: Surgical resection is usually required for symptomatic elbow plicae that have failed nonoperative therapy. However, evidence of surgical outcomes has not been presented. Purpose: To review the surgical outcomes for the treatment of synovial plicae in the radiocapitellar joint. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Ovid/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Embase databases using keywords as well as Medical Subject Headings terms and Emtree ([(elbow OR humeroradial joint OR radiohumeral joint) AND (meniscus OR plica)] OR snapping elbow OR snapping triceps OR synovial fold syndrome OR synovial fringe) for English-language studies. We conducted a systematic review using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results: A total of 14 articles comprising four level 5 and ten level 4 studies were identified, including 279 patients (284 elbows). The triggering factors reported for 58 patients were heavy labor (29 patients; 50.0%), sporting activities (17 patients; 29.3%), and nonspecific trauma (12 patients; 20.7%). Overall, 92 patients (33.0%) were administered a steroid injection before surgery. Arthroscopic plica resection was performed in 266 patients (95.3%). Intraoperatively, plicae were mostly found in the posterior (44.0%) and posterolateral (28.6%) sites, and chondromalacia of the radial head was observed in 25 patients (9.2%). Of the reported surgical outcomes, 67.7% showed a resolution of symptoms. However, 9.3% of patients had residual symptoms, which were likely associated with pre-existing radial head chondromalacia. The complication rate was reported as 1.8%. Conclusion: Symptomatic elbow plicae were mostly treated arthroscopically, with most of the results being favorable. Pre-existing chondromalacia and the underestimation of concomitant intra-articular abnormalities may yield an inferior outcome.
Fluid coupling between the elements in a discrete model of cochlear mechanics

When analysing the coupled mechanics of the cochlea, due to the interaction between fluid coupling and basilar membrane motion, it is convenient to divide the cochlea longitudinally into a discrete number of sections. This report considers the fluid coupling in such a discrete model. The fluid coupling is analysed using a wavenumber formulation and is separated into long wavelength and short wavelength components. The short wavelength components are then seen as one of a number of sources of additional longitudinal coupling that could be incorporated into a modified model of basilar membrane dynamics. The effects of non-uniformity and asymmetry in the fluid chamber areas can then be taken into account to predict both the pressure difference between the chambers and the mean pressure. The results from the analytic formulation, in which the fluid is assumed to be incompressible, are also compared with those of an acoustic finite element model for the fluid coupling. Although the agreement is good at low frequencies, a resonance is observed at about 11 kHz due to the compressibility of the fluid, although this does not appear to affect the coupled cochlear response.
Mayfly response to different stress types in small and mid-sized lowland rivers

Abstract Freshwater ecosystems are endangered worldwide by various human pressures, resulting in dramatic habitat and species loss. Many aquatic invertebrates respond to disturbances in their habitat, and mayflies are among the most sensitive ones. Therefore, we investigated mayfly response to anthropogenic disturbances at 46 study sites encompassing slightly to heavily modified small and mid-sized lowland streams and rivers. Mayfly nymphs were sampled between April and September 2016 using a benthos hand net. A total of 21 species was recorded, with Cloeon dipterum (Linnaeus, 1761) being the most frequently recorded one. Nevertheless, the taxa richness was rather low per site, i.e., between zero and nine. Assemblage structure had a high share of lower reaches and lentic (potamic and littoral) elements, and detritivores (gatherers/collectors and active filter feeders). This indicates that hydromorphological alterations lead to assemblage “potamisation” in small and mid-sized rivers. More mayfly species were related to higher oxygen concentration and lower water temperature, abundance of aquatic vegetation and total organic carbon. Additionally, the assemblage diversity and abundance were negatively associated with increasing intensive agriculture area at the catchment scale. This study confirms mayfly bio-indicative properties, i.e., their sensitivity to alterations of their habitat and pollution, but also provides new data related to mayfly response to the impacted environment. Those data can be used for management and protection activities of lowland rivers and their biota according to the requirements of the European Water Framework Directive.
Therapeutic Applications of Cannabinoids in Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure

A large number of cannabinoids have been discovered that could play a role in mitigating cardiac affections. However, none of them has been as widely studied as cannabidiol (CBD), most likely because, individually, the others offer only partial effects or can activate potential harmful pathways. In this regard, CBD has proven to be of great value as a cardioprotective agent since it is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule. Thus, we conducted a review to condensate the currently available knowledge on CBD as a therapy for different experimental models of cardiomyopathies and heart failure to detect the molecular pathways involved in cardiac protection. CBD therapy can greatly limit the production of oxygen/nitrogen reactive species, thereby limiting cellular damage, protecting mitochondria, avoiding caspase activation, and regulating ionic homeostasis. Hence, it can affect myocardial contraction by restricting the activation of inflammatory pathways and cytokine secretion, lowering tissular infiltration by immune cells, and reducing the area of infarct and fibrosis formation. These effects are mediated by the activation or inhibition of different receptors and target molecules of the endocannabinoid system. In the final part of this review, we explore the current state of CBD in clinical trials as a treatment for cardiovascular diseases and provide evidence of its potential benefits in humans.
Using Convolutional Neural Network with Cheat Sheet and Data Augmentation to Detect Breast Cancer in Mammograms

The American Cancer Society expected to diagnose 276,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer in the USA and 48,530 new cases of noninvasive breast cancer among women in 2020. Early detection of breast cancer, followed by appropriate treatment, can reduce the risk of death from this disease. DL through CNN can assist imaging specialists in classifying the mammograms accurately. Accurate classification of mammograms using CNN needs a well-trained CNN by a large number of labeled mammograms. Unfortunately, a large number of labeled mammograms are not always available. In this study, a novel procedure to aid imaging specialists in detecting normal and abnormal mammograms has been proposed. The procedure supplied the designed CNN with a cheat sheet for some classical attributes extracted from the ROI and an extra number of labeled mammograms through data augmentation. The cheat sheet aided the CNN through encoding easy-to-recognize artificial patterns in the mammogram before passing it to the CNN, and the data augmentation supported the CNN with more labeled data points. Fifteen runs of 4 different modified datasets taken from the MIAS dataset were conducted and analyzed. The results showed that the cheat sheet, along with data augmentation, enhanced CNN's accuracy by at least 12.2% and enhanced the precision of the CNN by at least 2.2. The mean accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity obtained using the proposed procedure were 92.1, 91.4, and 96.8, respectively, while the average area under the ROC curve was 94.9.
Essays in Macroeconomics and Finance

This dissertation contains three chapters on macroeconomics and finance. The first chapter, co-authored with Andreas Schaab, studies the scope for international cooperation in macroprudential policies in the presence of fire sales and other externality problems. It shows that although national governments employing quantity regulations fail to achieve the globally efficient outcome absent cooperation, surprisingly national governments employing Pigouvian taxation can achieve the globally efficient outcome even without cooperation. The second chapter, co-authored with Andreas Schaab, provides a framework to study bail-in regimes for banks. It shows that although bail-ins are an optimal regulatory regime, they can also create refinancing instabilities, leaving a role for fiscal backstop measures such as debt guarantees in the crisis resolution toolkit. The third chapter, co-authored with Andreas Schaab, studies whether a central bank should have flexibility to change its inflation target. It shows that a dynamic inflation target can implement the constrained efficient level of inflation, provided that the target is adjusted sufficiently in advance of it taking effect.
Rare Actinobacteria: A Possible Solution for Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Egypt

“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction” Newton’s Third Law of Motion. We can apply this rule on the overuse of antibiotics and the emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance. In the meantime, the uncontrolled practices of antibiotics mainly triggered this problem in both developed and developing countries. The intensity of antimicrobial resistance in developing countries is generally higher because of the excess antibiotics usage.
Robot-Assisted Arm Training versus Therapist-Mediated Training after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background More than two-thirds of stroke patients have arm motor impairments and function deficits on hospital admission, leading to diminished quality of life and reduced social participation. Robot-assisted training (RAT) is a promising rehabilitation program for upper extremity while its effect is still controversial due to heterogeneity in clinical trials. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare robot-assisted training (RAT) versus therapist-mediated training (TMT) for arm rehabilitation after stroke. Methods We searched the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane EBM Reviews, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). Studies of moderate or high methodological quality (PEDro score ≥4) were included and analyzed. We assessed the effects of RAT versus TMT for arm rehabilitation after stroke with testing the noninferiority of RAT. A small effect size of −2 score for mean difference in Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and Cohen's d = −0.2 for standardized mean difference (SMD) were set as noninferiority margin. Results Thirty-five trials with 2241 participants met inclusion criteria. The effect size for arm motor impairment, capacity, activities of daily living, and social participation were 0.763 (WMD, 95% CI: 0.404 to 1.123), 0.109 (SMD, 95% CI: −0.066 to 0.284), 0.049 (SMD, 95% CI: −0.055 to 0.17), and −0.061 (SMD, 95% CI: −0.196 to 0.075), respectively. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that robot-assisted training was slightly superior in motor impairment recovery and noninferior to therapist-mediated training in improving arm capacity, activities of daily living, and social participation, which supported the use of RAT in clinical practice.