Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two new quinolone alkaloids from the nearly ripe fruits of Tetradium ruticarpum

Abstract Tetradium ruticarpum (Juss.) Benth. belong to the family of Rutaceae. The complete and nearly ripe fruits of T. ruticarpum is used as traditional Chinese medicine and phytochemical investigations have been conducted on extracts of the seeds of T. ruticarpum to provide scientific validation of its properties. In this study, we successfully isolated two new quinolone alkaloids (1-2) from the MeOH extractive of nearly ripe fruits of T. ruticarpum. The structure elucidation of these compounds was determined by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet and electrospray ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This finding expands the understanding of the natural constituents of the Rutaceae, in particular, the Tetradium genera.
Xq22 deletions and correlation with distinct neurological disease traits in females: Further evidence for a contiguous gene syndrome

Xq22 deletions that encompass PLP1 (Xq22‐PLP1‐DEL) are notable for variable expressivity of neurological disease traits in females ranging from a mild late‐onset form of spastic paraplegia type 2 (MIM# 312920), sometimes associated with skewed X‐inactivation, to an early‐onset neurological disease trait (EONDT) of severe developmental delay, intellectual disability, and behavioral abnormalities. Size and gene content of Xq22‐PLP1‐DEL vary and were proposed as potential molecular etiologies underlying variable expressivity in carrier females where two smallest regions of overlap (SROs) were suggested to influence disease. We ascertained a cohort of eight unrelated patients harboring Xq22‐PLP1‐DEL and performed high‐density array comparative genomic hybridization and breakpoint‐junction sequencing. Molecular characterization of Xq22‐PLP1‐DEL from 17 cases (eight herein and nine published) revealed an overrepresentation of breakpoints that reside within repeats (11/17, ~65%) and the clustering of ~47% of proximal breakpoints in a genomic instability hotspot with characteristic non‐B DNA density. These findings implicate a potential role for genomic architecture in stimulating the formation of Xq22‐PLP1‐DEL. The correlation of Xq22‐PLP1‐DEL gene content with neurological disease trait in female cases enabled refinement of the associated SROs to a single genomic interval containing six genes. Our data support the hypothesis that genes contiguous to PLP1 contribute to EONDT.
Limited duration of hypersensitivity reactions to contrast and exact documentation of such adverse events

We appreciate the comments of Kalangara and Kuruvilla and Boehm. [1 2][1] In our paper, we discussed the topics that Kalangara and Kuruvilla elucidated on. These included switching to a different non-ionic contrast medium and the controversies regarding skin testing and premedication. Kalangara and
Subtle changes of gray matter volume in fibromyalgia reflect chronic musculoskeletal pain rather than disease‐specific effects

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic pain syndrome. Neuroimaging studies provided evidence of altered gray matter volume (GMV) in FMS but, similarly, in chronic pain of other origin as well. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the disease specificity of GMV alterations in FMS by direct comparison. Structural MRI data of the brain were acquired in 25 females with FMS and two different control groups: 21 healthy subjects and 23 patients with osteoarthritis. Regional GMVs were compared by voxel‐based morphometry and additional ROI‐analyses. In conclusion, we did not identify significant GMV alterations in either FMS or OA patients compared to healthy controls when adopting a conservative statistical approach with multiple comparison correction. However, even under a more liberal approach no FMS‐specific GMV changes were found because both pain groups presented increased gray matter volumes in the precentral gyrus and decreased GMV in the angular gyrus/middle occipital gyrus and middle temporal gyrus in comparison with healthy controls. Since no differences between both pain groups could be detected cortical GMV changes in FMS should not be interpreted as FMS‐specific but might rather reflect changes in chronic pain in general. This previously held notion is confirmed in this study by direct comparison with a control group consisting of another pain disorder.
Modeling of Near-Well Matrix Acidization

The growing global energy consumption and drive for cleaner energy have generated an immense interest in low enthalpy geothermal energy resources (LEGERs) as an alternative and readily available resource. The LEGERs, albeit under 100 C, can be harvested to provide heating and power generation from household to industrial scale. One of the challenges encountered during the exploration of such geothermal reservoirs is a poor hydraulic connectivity between the wells. Another challenge is the natural precipitation of solids which leads to an additional permeability reduction, i.e. formation damage. While these problems can be solved by a hydraulic stimulation, the application of chemical stimulation is another clear alternative. In our study, we model an acid stimulation in the nearwell region at a high resolution and directly resolve the shape of wormholes associated with matrix dissolution. Since this region has a significant impact on the efficiency of the entire stimulation job, it is of great importance to capture this phenomenon accurately. In the high-resolution simulation study, the solid matrix in some control volumes can be fully dissolved by acid. Since the canonical Darcy’s law cannot be applied when the porosity is near unity, a single, unified continuum approach namely the Darcy-Brinkman-Stokes (DBS) equation is employed and compared with Darcy model. The simulations are done using the Automatic Differentiation General Purpose Research Simulator (AD-GPRS). A convergence analysis and sensitivity studies are performed for key parameters to fully describe and understand the behavior. The shape of wormholes is studied for different flow rates and is validated against a published work for both Darcy and DBS models. The wormholes characteristics, obtained in these two models, are defined by breakthrough parameters and dimensionless variables. Convergence analysis and sensitivity studies were performed for several parameters to fully describe and understand the differences in 2D systems.
Fatty acid composition and dynamics of selected fungal-feeding nematodes and fungi

Fatty acid profiles of fungal-feeding nematodes, Aphelenchus a enae and Aphelenchoides composticola, and selected fungi were determined in microcosm cultures of agar, broth, or sand amended with organic matter. Fatty acids of A. a enae and A. composticola included 16:0 18:0, 18:1 7, 18:1 9, 18:2, 20:0, 20:1, 20:2, 20:3 and 20:4 phospholipid fatty Ž . Ž . acids PLFAs and neutral lipid fatty acids NLFAs . The nematodes differed in relative amounts of saturated and C18 fatty acids. Similar C and C PLFAs and whole-cell fatty acids were found in Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum 16 18 and Trichoderma sp. with 18:2 6 as the major component. The C fatty acids were not found in these fungi. Although 20 only present in the nematodes, C PLFAs were only detected when nematode population levels were 22 per gram of 20 sand, suggesting that there is a detection threshold that might limit their use as biomarkers in the soil community. After Ž removal of nematodes from a food source, the relative amount of C PLFAs structural components of nematode cell 20 . membranes decreased more slowly than the C and C PLFAs, which may have reflected ingested fungal cytoplasm in 16 18 the nematode intestine. In the early stage of organic matter decomposition, total and fungal PLFAs were lower in the presence of A. composticola then in its absence at C:N ratios 30:1. 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
High-Performance Computing as a Cloud Computing Service : Virtualization or Containerization ?

High-Performance Computing (HPC) has emerged as an appealing Cloud Computing (CC) service, especially with the proliferation of big data. Virtualization is the CC main technology enabler. Nevertheless, due to its light-weight, containerization is rising as a promising alternative. In literature, there is considerable work comparing the performance of virtualization and containerization. However, to our knowledge, none is comparing this performance from an HPC as a Service (HPCaaS) perspective. In this paper, further light is shed on the advantages and disadvantages of using Virtual Machines (VMs) and containers. We study their performance from an HPCaaS perspective by deploying a real-world private Cloud and running relevant HPC jobs using real-world big data samples. Keywords—Virtualization; Cloud Computing; HPC; Containerization; HPC; Virtual Machines;
Towards the Oral Treatment of Ileo-Colonic Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Infliximab Tablets: Development and Validation of the Production Process

Infliximab (IFX) is an intravenously administered monoclonal antibody antagonizing the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) systemically and is efficacious in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, studies suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects result from local immunomodulation in the inflamed regions. Furthermore, topical inhibition of TNF in IBD ameliorates inflammation. We therefore hypothesized that orally administered IFX targeted to the ileo-colonic region in IBD may be an efficacious new treatment option. This study describes the development and validation of the production process of ileo-colonic-targeted 5 mg IFX tablets (ColoPulse-IFX) intended for the oral treatment of IBD by means of producing three consecutive validation batches (VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3, respectively). UV-VIS spectroscopy, HPLC-SEC analysis (content, fragments, aggregates), fluorescence spectroscopy (tertiary protein structure), and ELISA (potency) showed no noticeable deviations of IFX compounded to ColoPulse-IFX compared to fresh IFX stock. The average ± SD (n = 10) IFX content of VAL1, VAL2, and VAL3 was 96 ± 2%, 97 ± 3%, and 96 ± 2%, respectively, and complied with the European Pharmacopeia (Ph. Eur.) requirements for Content Uniformity. The average ± SD (n = 3) ColoPulse-IFX potency was 105 ± 4%, 96 ± 4%, and 97 ± 5%, respectively, compared to fresh IFX stock. The IFX release profile from the tablet core was complete (≥85%) after 10 min in simulated ileum medium. The in vitro coating performance of ColoPulse-IFX showed that the formulation was targeted to the simulated ileo-colonic region. Stability data showed that ColoPulse-IFX was stable for up to 6 months stored at 25 °C/60% RH. Based on these results, the production process can be considered validated and its application is discussed in light of the rationale and available evidence for the topical treatment of IBD with IFX.
Translation of the eHealth Impact Questionnaire for a Population of Dutch Electronic Health Users: Validation Study

Background The eHealth Impact Questionnaire (eHIQ) provides a standardized method to measure attitudes of electronic health (eHealth) users toward eHealth. It has previously been validated in a population of eHealth users in the United Kingdom and consists of 2 parts and 5 subscales. Part 1 measures attitudes toward eHealth in general and consists of the subscales attitudes towards online health information (5 items) and attitudes towards sharing health experiences online (6 items). Part 2 measures the attitude toward a particular eHealth application and consists of the subscales confidence and identification (9 items), information and presentation (8 items), and understand and motivation (9 items). Objective This study aimed to translate and validate the eHIQ in a Dutch population of eHealth users. Methods The eHIQ was translated and validated in accordance with the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments criteria. The validation comprised 3 study samples, with a total of 1287 participants. Structural validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analyses and exploratory factor analyses (EFAs; all 3 samples). Internal consistency was assessed using hierarchical omega (all 3 samples). Test-retest reliability was assessed after 2 weeks, using 2-way intraclass correlation coefficients (sample 1). Measurement error was assessed by calculating the smallest detectable change (sample 1). Convergent and divergent validity were assessed using correlations with the remaining measures (all 3 samples). A graded response model was fit, and item information curves were plotted to describe the information provided by items across item trait levels (all 3 samples). Results The original factor structure showed a bad fit in all 3 study samples. EFAs showed a good fit for a modified factor structure in the first study sample. This factor structure was subsequently tested in samples 2 and 3 and showed acceptable to good fits. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity were acceptable to good for both the original as the modified factor structure, except for test-retest reliability of one of the original subscales and the 2 derivative subscales in the modified factor structure. The graded response model showed that some items underperformed in both the original and modified factor structure. Conclusions The Dutch version of the eHIQ (eHIQ-NL) shows a different factor structure compared with the original English version. Part 1 of the eHIQ-NL consists of 3 subscales: attitudes towards online health information (5 items), comfort with sharing health experiences online (3 items), and usefulness of sharing health experiences online (3 items). Part 2 of the eHIQ-NL consists of 3 subscales: motivation and confidence to act (10 items), information and presentation (13 items), and identification (3 items).
EVALUATION THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING AND MARKET INFORMATION PROCESSING IN BANDAR IMAM PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY

In this paper, we hypothesize that business process performance is an increasing function of (1) the firm's level of business process interaction and (2) the use of formal processes for collecting and utilizing market information. We also hypothesize that these linkages will be stronger among business process serving emerging markets. We test these hypotheses using data collected from business process located in the Bandar emam at mah shar. Our findings indicate that, regardless of market condition, formal processes for the collection of market information are positively related with the use of formal processes for market information utilization and this relationship is stronger among firms serving markets. In addition, business process performance is positively related with the use of formal processes for utilizing market information and this relationship is also stronger in markets. We also find that, in emerging markets, business process performance is a positive function of the use of formal processes for collecting market information. Contrary to expectations, we find that, regardless of market condition, the level of business process interaction has a negative relationship with the use of formal processes for market information utilization and no significant relationship
A NOVEL AND EFFICIENT METHOD FOR REDUCTION DEGRADATION CAUSED BY HIGH DENSITY IMPULSIVE NOISE IN DIGITAL IMAGES

Salt and pepper noise is the most common type of impulsive noise. In this paper, a novel technique is presented for detecting and removing of impulsive noise. In this technique, the significant parts of image information are not changed. In the proposed algorithm, several rotations and transposes of the noisy image are processed. The algorithm uses the mean or median values of the pixels in Von Neumann neighborhood of the processed pixel. Several experiments are done on different grayscales and color test image corrupted with different percent’s of noise. The results show the considerable superiority of the proposed method (up to 2 dB in PSNR values) compared with the reported state of the art methods in the field.
Comprehensive Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana by Genome-Wide Sequencing

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system has been widely applied in functional genomics research and plant breeding. In contrast to the off-target studies of mammalian cells, there is little evidence for the common occurrence of off-target sites in plants and a great need exists for accurate detection of editing sites. Here, we summarized the precision of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutations for 281 targets and found that there is a preference for single nucleotide deletions/insertions and longer deletions starting from 40 nt upstream or ending at 30 nt downstream of the cleavage site, which suggested the candidate sequences for editing sites detection by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). We analyzed the on-/off-target sites of 6 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Arabidopsis plants by the optimized method. The results showed that the on-target editing frequency ranged from 38.1% to 100%, and one off target at a frequency of 9.8%–97.3% cannot be prevented by increasing the specificity or reducing the expression level of the Cas9 enzyme. These results indicated that designing guide RNA with high specificity may be the preferred factor to avoid the off-target events, and it is necessary to predict or detect off-target sites by WGS-based methods for preventing off targets caused by genome differences in different individuals.
Host dispersal and landscape conversion are associated with the composition of haemosporidian parasites of the golden-winged warbler

Abstract Understanding factors that influence the spatial and temporal distributions of blood parasites is important to help predict how host species and their parasites may respond to global change. Factors that may influence parasite distributions are land cover and host dispersal patterns, which may result in exposure of a host to novel parasites, or escape from parasites of their origin. We screened golden-winged warblers from across the United States and Canada for blood parasites, and investigated whether land-use patterns or host dispersal affected the prevalence and composition of haemosporidian assemblages. Parasite prevalence varied strongly with study area, and areas with high agricultural cover had a significantly higher prevalence of Leucocytozoon and Parahaemoproteus parasites. Lineages of Parahaemoproteus and Leucocytozoon were genetically differentiated among study areas, and prevalence and composition of parasite assemblages indicated an increase in parasite prevalence and accumulation of unique parasite lineages from the southeast to the northwest. This matches the historical range expansion and natal dispersal patterns of golden-winged warblers, and suggests that golden-winged warblers may have been sensitive to novel parasites as they dispersed. The high prevalence and diversity of parasite lineages in the north-west extent of their breeding range (Manitoba) indicates that this population may face unique pressures.
Overview of Optical and Electrochemical Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Biosensors: Recent Approaches in Cells Culture Techniques

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which catalyzes the dephosphorylation process of proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules, can be found in a variety of tissues (intestine, liver, bone, kidney, and placenta) of almost all living organisms. This enzyme has been extensively used as a biomarker in enzyme immunoassays and molecular biology. ALP is also one of the most commonly assayed enzymes in routine clinical practice. Due to its close relation to a variety of pathological processes, ALP’s abnormal level is an important diagnostic biomarker of many human diseases, such as liver dysfunction, bone diseases, kidney acute injury, and cancer. Therefore, the development of convenient and reliable assay methods for monitoring ALP activity/level is extremely important and valuable, not only for clinical diagnoses but also in the area of biomedical research. This paper comprehensively reviews the strategies of optical and electrochemical detection of ALP and discusses the electrochemical techniques that have been addressed to make them suitable for ALP analysis in cell culture.
Multifunctional cellulase enzymes are ancestral in Polyneoptera

Many hemimetabolous insects produce their own cellulase enzymes from the glycoside hydrolase family 9, first observed in termites and cockroaches. Phasmatodea have multiple cellulases, some of which are multifunctional and can degrade xylan or xyloglucan. To discover when these abilities evolved, we identified cellulases from the Polyneoptera sampled by the 1000 Insect Transcriptome and Evolution (1KITE) project, including all cockroach and termite transcriptomes. We hoped to identify what role enzyme substrate specificities had in the evolution of dietary specification, such as leaf‐feeding or wood‐feeding. Putative cellulases were identified from the transcriptomes and analysed phylogenetically. All cellulases were amplified from an exemplar set of Polyneoptera species using rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR and heterologously expressed in an insect cell line, then tested against different polysaccharides for their digestive abilities. We identified several multifunctional xyloglucanolytic enzymes across Polyneoptera, plus a large group of cellulase‐like enzymes found in nearly all insect orders with no discernible digestive ability. Multifunctional xylanolytic cellulases remain unique to Phasmatodea. The presence or absence of multifunctional enzymes does not impact dietary specification, but rather having multiple, multifunctional cellulase genes is an ancestral state for Polyneoptera and possibly Insecta. The prevalence of multifunctional cellulases in other animals demands further investigation.
Pyrolytic preparation and modification of carbon black recovered from waste tyres

The medium temperature pyrolysis process using a fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure was utilised to recover carbon black from motorcycle and automobile tyres. Experimental results have shown that the ash and volatile contents of several recovered carbon blacks are high, the elongation at break of the vulcanised natural rubber filled with recovered carbon blacks from motorcycle tyres is better than that from motorcycle tyres and standard carbon black 7#, while the other mechanical properties are worse. In order to improve the reinforcing effect of recovered carbon blacks, the modification of recovered carbon black was performed by high-energy electron bombardment and non-oxidising acid. The specific surface area of the pyrolytic carbon blacks increased after high-energy electron bombardment. The ash content of the pyrolytic carbon black was reduced from 22.5% to 8.4% after rinsing with hydrochloric acid, and the tensile stress at 300% was increased by about 2.2 MPa.