Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ability of Different Treatments of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Surface Bind Aflatoxin M1 in Yoghurt

Microbial detoxification is considered as one of the most common methods used for the elimination of aflatoxins. Reports indicate that S. cerevisiae can be effective in removing aflatoxins through the adsorption of aflatoxins to their cell wall. In the current research, the ability of S. cerevisiae (viable, acid-, heat- and ultrasound-treated yeasts) to bind aflatoxin M 1 was assessed in yoghurt. To this end, firstly, recombinant milk containing 12% solids, non-fat skimmed milk powder was prepared. Next, the samples were spiked by aflatoxin M 1 using different concentrations (100, 500 and 750 pg mL -1 ). When the starter bacteria were added to the milk, the treated yeasts were added as well. The concentration of aflatoxin M1 residue in the supernatant of the yoghurt samples after different storage times (1, 7, 14 and 21 days) was measured using the ELISA method. The results showed that all treatments containing viable, acid-, heat-, ultrasound-treated yeast and starter bacteria were able to adsorb aflatoxin M 1, and the ability of the treated yeast was significant as compared with the control (P< 0.05). Among the treated yeasts, the ability of the acid-treated yeasts was higher in toxin binding. Overall, it can be concluded that using S. cerevisiae for the biological adsorption of aflatoxin M 1 is effective in fermented dairy products.
Biotribology: The Wear Resistance of Repaired Human Articular Cartilage

Normal, mature articular cartilage does not spontaneously repair itself back to hyaline cartilage after an injury or degenerative disease (e.g., osteoarthritis)—problems of increasing importance in an aging population. A promising new approach is to repair damaged cartilage by a method known as Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI)—a technique pioneered and further developed by the Cartilage Research Unit at Goteborg University in Sweden. However, the tribological properties of the repaired cartilage, including the important property wear-resistance, are unknown. How durable is the repaired cartilage? How long will it last? One of the co-authors, Dr. Mats Brittberg, has provided 16 samples of 2mm diameter human biopsies from the knees of eight Swedish patients for testing in our biotribology device. This paper presents results of wear experiments on cartilage repaired by Brittberg’s ACI technique and, for comparison, two other methods. Four of these samples (2 pairs) were from patients who had undergone the ACI procedure while another four were from those who had other methods of repair. A pair consists of a biopsy from the repaired area of the joint along with a sample from nearby “healthy” cartilage from the same joint. Thus, each pair allowed for a direct comparison of the tribological properties of the repaired cartilage to those of “normal” cartilage from the same joint. The results of this study show that the ACI method of cartilage repair gave substantially less wear than that of normal cartilage while spontaneous repair and abrasion arthroplasty produced higher wear. Friction levels were in the boundary lubrication regime and, in line with our previous experience, had no correlation with wear. Results obtained with cartilage from the remaining patients will be discussed in future papers.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
On a semilinear Schrodinger equation with critical Sobolev exponent

We consider the semilinear Schrodinger equation -Deltau+V(x)u= K(x) \u \ (2*-2 u) + g(x; u), u is an element of W-1,W-2 (R-N), where N greater than or equal to4, V, K, g are periodic in x(j) for 1 less than or equal toj less than or equal toN, K>0, g is of subcritical growth and 0 is in a gap of the spectrum of -Delta +V. We show that under suitable hypotheses this equation has a solution u not equal 0. In particular, such a solution exists if K equivalent to 1 and g equivalent to 0.
CANADIAN VIRTUAL LABORATORY FOR TELE-EDUCATION IN AEROSPACE AND MECHATRONICS

Abstract Virtual laboratories and remote access to experimental hardware have become feasible with the advent of high-level web-based languages and communication protocols. In this paper, we introduce an international co-operation, the principal objective of which is to develop a Virtual Laboratory for tele-education and research in aerospace and mechatronics. The project involves several universities in Canada and Europe, each offering a test facility for the laboratory. The paper describes in detail the hardware, system architecture and experiments developed at one of the nodes of the Virtual Laboratory, the Planar Robotics facility at the University of Victoria.
Cells with Regulatory Cell Activity Inducible Costimulator-Expressing Anergic T Signal-Deficient Allogeneic Cells Induces Human T Cell Activation by Costimulatory

Although immunoregulation by several types of regulatory T cells is now clearly established in mice, the demonstration of such regulatory T cells in humans has been proven more difﬁcult. In this study we demonstrate the induction of anergic regulatory T cells during an MLR performed in the presence of blocking mAb to the costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86. Despite this costimulation blockade, which totally blocks T cell proliferation and cytokine production, a nonproliferating T cell subpopulation was activated to express inducible costimulator (ICOS). These ICOS (cid:1) cells were anergic when restimulated with unma-nipulated allogeneic stimulator cells at the level of proliferation and Th1 and Th2 cytokine production, but they did produce IL-10. These ICOS-expressing cells also blocked the capacity of reciprocal ICOS-negative cells to proliferate and to produce cytokines. ICOS (cid:1) anergic cells could suppress allogenic responses of either primed or naive T cells through inhibition of IL-2 gene tran-scription. Suppression was not mediated by IL-10 and did not require ICOS-ICOS ligand interaction, but depended on cell-cell contact. Thus, a subtype of regulatory T cells in human blood can be activated in the absence of costimulatory signals from CD40, CD80, and CD86, and they can be identiﬁed by expression of ICOS after activation. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 5371–5378.
Protein Kinase Cδ Mediates Retinoic Acid and Phorbol Myristate Acetate-induced Phospholipid Scramblase 1 Gene Expression: Its Role in Leukemic Cell Differentiation Short tilte: PKCδ regulates PLSCR1 expression

Health Science Center, Shanghai Second Medical University (SSMU) -Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200025, CHINA; Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui-Jin Hospital, SSMU, Shanghai 200025, CHINA; Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
KAGGLE COMPETITION: BNP PARIBAS CARDIF CLAIMS MANAGEMENT

This paper is a summarization of the machine learning techniques we applied in the Kaggle competition BNP Paribas Cardif Claims Management [1]. We propose three methods to extract features from the original dataset and four statistical models to analysis the features. Then we compare the performances of different combinations of the features and models and show our ranking in the competition.
Attraction of Like-Charged Surfaces Mediated by Spheroidal Nanoparticles with Spatially Distributed Electric Charge: Theory and Simulation

The interaction between equal, uniformly charged flat surfaces, separated by a solution of spheroidal nanoparticles was studied theoretically. The nanoparticles were assumed to have spatially distributed electric charge. The nonlocal Poisson–Boltzmann (PB) theory for the spheroidal nanoparticles, which play the role of counterions, was developed. In the model the center of the spheroidal nanoparticle could not approach the charged surfaces closer than the radius of the nanoparticle. It was shown that for large enough diameters of nanoparticles
On the Users’ Intention to Adopt Mobile Banking: The Role of Subject Norm

Mobile banking has become a new field that bank industry because of its advantages of convenience, openness, real-time as a new e-commerce bank, promoting the users intention is one of the issues of development. First of all, the paper establishes the relationship model that affects the mobile bank user’s intention on the base of Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned behavior. Secondly, the paper carries out questionnaire survey on Beijing mobile bank users and gets 136 effective samples. In the end, the paper conducts empirical research using structural equation model and gets a conclusion that perceived usefulness and perceived risk have significant impact on users intention, especially subjective norms not only has a direct impact but also an indirect effect on user intention . The results indicate subject norm has significant impact on user intention and Perceived Ease of Use has significant impact on user intention by the mediating of subject norm. Therefore, strengthening the safety and external publicity of mobile phone bank is the key to win the customers.
Chilean Salmon Farming on the Horizon of Sustainability: Review of the Development of a Highly Intensive Production, the ISA Crisis and Implemented Actions to Reconstruct a More Sustainable Aquaculture Industry

Historically the Chilean economy has been based in exports accounting for 35% of the gross domestic product and mining is the main export income in the country. However, since 1980s as a part of a promotion the Chilean economy has diversified in part away from its dangerous over-reliance on copper exports. The growth of earnings in the fruit, wine, wood and forestry, fisheries and aquaculture sectors in particular, has been rapid since the early 1980s as Chile has exploited its comparative advantage in environmental endowment and low labour costs on the global market (Barton, 1997; Barton & Murray, 2009). The salmonid cultivation is restricted to regions with particular water temperature ranges in both fresh and seawater environments, sheltered waters and critically excellent water quality. Thus, salmonid aquaculture has become an important activity and the main development gear in the southern regions of Chile. The Chilean salmon industry has shown a fast development over the last 20 years and, therefore; today, Chile is the largest producer of farmed rainbow trout and Coho salmon, and the second worldwide of Atlantic salmon. This situation is the result from the application of innovation and development of value added products, which produced an average annual growth rate of 22% from 1990 to 2007 and an increase of exports from USD 159 million in 1991 to USD 2,242 million in 2007 (SalmonChile, 2007a). In 2006, salmon exports represented 12.94% of the non-mining-related national exports and 38.75% of the Chilean food exports that decreased due to a sanitary crisis down to 9.94% and 31.08% in 2010, respectively (Banco Central de Chile, 2010). The latter indicated that the salmon industry has become an important factor in economic diversification and one fundamental base in the strategy towards positioning Chile in the top rank of world food producers (SalmonChile, 2007b). The growth of aquaculture also impact positively other important sectors of the national economy, such as transport, processing, feed and engineer suppliers, laboratories, veterinary services and many others.
A TRACE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR PDES

In this paper, we propose an approach for solving PDEs on evolving surfaces using a combination of the trace finite element method and a fast marching method. The numerical approach is based on the Eulerian description of the surface problem and employs a time-independent background mesh that is not fitted to the surface. The surface and its evolution may be given implicitly, for example, by the level set method. Extension of the PDE off the surface is not required. The method introduced in this paper naturally allows a surface to undergo topological changes and experience local geometric singularities. In the simplest setting, the numerical method is secondorder accurate in space and time. Higher-order variants are feasible but not studied in this paper. We show results of several numerical experiments that demonstrate the convergence properties of the method and its ability to handle the case of the surface with topological changes.
The Recent Development of Rare Earth-Doped Borate Laser Crystals

As a laser host, borates possess favourable chemical and physical characteristic and higher damnification threshold. Ln2Ca3B4O12 (Ln = La, Gd, or Y) double borate family crystals,Ca3(BO3)2 (CBO) and LaB3O6 crystals are the potential laser host materials. They have the suitable hardness and good chemical stability and are moisture free. Furthermore, they melt congruently and can be grown by Czochralski method [1-5], so the high optical quality crystal with large dimension can be easily grown.
5’-Nuclease PCR Assays for Foodborne Pathogen Detection using the Agilent-Stratagene Mx3000P Q-PCR System

Bacteriological culturing has traditionally been used to detect microbial pathogens in food, and this technique is still in widespread use today. However, the time-consuming and low-throughput nature of culture-based detection methods warrant their replacement by more rapid methods based on biomolecular analysis, like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR, predicated on DNA synthesis and amplification, is an established, core technique in molecular biology, microbiology, diagnostics, genetics and environmental science applications.
Running head: GRAPHS AND CONFLICTING SCIENCE-RELATE

When reading conflicting science-related texts, rea ders may attend to cues which allow them to assess plausibility. One such plausibility cue is t he use of graphs in the texts, which are regarded as typical of ‘hard science’. The goal of our study was to investigate the effects of the presence of graphs on the perceived plausibility and situation model strength for conflicting science-related texts, while including the influence of readers’ do main knowledge and their knowledge about scientific visualization conventions as potential m oderators of these effects. In an experiment mimicking web-based informal learning, 77 universit y udents read texts on controversial scientific issues which were presented with either graphs or tables. Perceived plausibility and situation model strength for each text were assesse d immediately after reading; reader variables were assessed several weeks prior to the experiment proper. The results suggest that graphs can indeed serve as plausibility cues and thus boost si tuation model strength for texts which contain them. This effect was mediated by the perceived pla usibility of the information in the texts with graphs. However, whether readers use graphs as plau ibi ity cues in texts with conflicting information seems to depend also on their amount of experience with scientific texts and graphs.
THE BROADBAND XMM-NEWTON AND NuSTAR X-RAY SPECTRA OF TWO ULTRALUMINOUS X-RAY SOURCES IN THE GALAXY IC 342

We present results for two ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), IC 342 X-1 and IC 342 X-2, using two epochs of XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations separated by ∼7 days. We observe little spectral or flux variability above 1 keV between epochs, with unabsorbed 0.3–30 keV luminosities being erg s−1 for IC 342 X-1 and 7.40 ± 0.20 × 1039 erg s−1 for IC 342 X-2, so that both were observed in a similar, luminous state. Both sources have a high absorbing column in excess of the Galactic value. Neither source has a spectrum consistent with a black hole binary in low/hard state, and both ULXs exhibit strong curvature in their broadband X-ray spectra. This curvature rules out models that invoke a simple reflection-dominated spectrum with a broadened iron line and no cutoff in the illuminating power-law continuum. X-ray spectrum of IC 342 X-1 can be characterized by a soft disk-like blackbody component at low energies and a cool, optically thick Comptonization continuum at high energies, but unique physical interpretation of the spectral components remains challenging. The broadband spectrum of IC 342 X-2 can be fit by either a hot (3.8 keV) accretion disk or a Comptonized continuum with no indication of a seed photon population. Although the seed photon component may be masked by soft excess emission unlikely to be associated with the binary system, combined with the high absorption column, it is more plausible that the broadband X-ray emission arises from a simple thin blackbody disk component. Secure identification of the origin of the spectral components in these sources will likely require broadband spectral variability studies.
AUTOMATED VEHICLE ARTICULATION AND ANIMATION:

Automated Vehicle Articulation and Animation: A Maxscript Approach. (December 2010) Christopher Corey Griffin, B.E. D. , Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Tim McLaughlin This thesis presents an efficient, animation production-centric solution to the articulation and animation of computer generated automobiles for creating animations with a high degree of believability. The thesis has two main foci which include an automated and customizable articulation system for automobile models and a vehicle animation system that utilizes minimal simulation techniques. The primary contribution of this thesis is the definition of a computer graphics animation software program that utilizes simulation and key-frame methods for defining vehicle motion. There is an emphasis on maintaining efficiency to prevent long wait times during the animation process and allow for immediate interactivity. The program, when implemented, allows for animation of a vehicle with minimal input and setup. These automated tools could make animating an automobile, or multiple automobiles of varying form and dimensions much more efficient and believable in a film, animation, or game production environment.
Development of University Ontology for aSPOCMS

In these days, ontology is the most popular and widespread formalism of knowledge representation. With the requirement of our system aSPOCMS (An Agent-based Semantic Web for Paperless Office Content Management System), we present the construction of university ontology to retrieve the information and accomplish the proc ess of files of various sections by using the predefined w orkflow in university ontology. The aSPOCMS aims to provide the facility to manage and process the files/documents of various departments and sections of higher educational inst itutions (i.e. universities) in paperless environment. This paper reveals the conceptualization of university knowledge through construction of university ontology. Generalized structure of Indian universities and workflow processes have been taken for ontology development by describing the class hierarchy, and demonstrate the graphical view of ontology. We also demonstrate the ability of univer sity ontology to execute intelligent query to retrieve t he information.
Monte Carlo methods for index computation ()

We describe some novel methods to compute the index of any integer relative to a given primitive root of a prime p. Our flrst method avoids the use of stored tables and apparently requires O(p 1/2) operations. Our second algorithm, which may be regarded as a method of catching kangaroos, is applicable when the index is known to lie in a certain interval; it requires O(w/2) operations for an interval of width w, but does not have complete certainty of success. It has several possible areas of application, including the f1actorization of integers. 1. A Rho Method for Index Computation. The concept of a random mapping of a finite set is used by Knuth [1, pp. 7-8] to explain the behavior of a type of random number generator. A sequence obtained by iterating such a function in a set of p elements is 'rho-shaped' with a tail and cycle which are random variables with expectation close to (1) /(irp/8) 0.6267 N/p, (as shown first in [2], [3]). Recently [4], we proposed that this theory be applied to recurrence relations such as (2) xi l x ? 1 (mod p), and showed how a very simple factorization method results, in which a prime factor p of a number can be found in only 0(pW2) operations. The method has been further discussed by Guy [5] and Devitt [6], who have found it suitable for use in programmable calculators. We now suggest that the same theory can be applied to sequences such as xo= 1, i1 qx1 0< x1 < jp 13~~~ (3)~SXi 2? 2i3 ()Xi+ 1 xi' (mod p) for 3' p
DIPD: Gaze-Based Intention Inference in Dynamic Environments

The ability of an autonomous system to understand some-thing about a human’s intent is important to the success of many systems that involve both humans and autonomous agents. In this work, we consider the speciﬁc setting of a human passenger riding in an autonomous vehicle, where the passenger intends to go to or learn about a speciﬁc point of interest along the vehicle’s route. In this setting, we seek to provide the vehicle with the ability to infer this point of interest using real-time gaze information. This is a difﬁcult problem in that the inference must be designed in the context of the moving vehicle, i.e., in a dynamic environment with dynamic interest points. We propose here a solution to this problem via a novel methodology called Dynamic Inter-est Point Detection (DIPD) for inferring the point of interest corresponding to the human’s intent using gaze tracking data and a dynamic Markov Random Field (MRF) model. The energy function we develop allows the algorithm to successfully ﬁlter out noise from the eye tracker, such as eye blinks, high-speed tracking misalignment, and other sources of error. We demonstrate the success of this DIPD technique experimentally and show that it achieves up to a 28% increase in inference success compared to a nearest-neighbor approach.
Absolute frequency measurements of the molecular iodine hyperfine transitions at 535 nm

We report absolute frequency measurements of the a1, a10, and a15 hyperfine components of molecular iodine P(28) 30-0 line at 535 nm. A frequency-doubled 1070 nm Nd:GdVO4 laser is frequency stabilized to a hyperfine component of I2 using the third-harmonic demodulation technique. The frequency stability of 3×10−12 is achieved at 10 s averaging time when its frequency is stabilized to the a1 component. An optical frequency comb is used to measure its absolute frequency. The pressure shift is investigated to obtain the absolute frequency at zero pressure. The effect of pressure and power broadening of the a10 component are also investigated. This light source can be used for investigating parity nonconservation effect in atomic thallium.