Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting phase-change technology in server memory systems

OF THE DISSERTATION Exploiting Phase-Change Technology in Server Memory Systems by Luiz Eduardo da Silva Ramos Dissertation Director: Ricardo Bianchini Main memory capacity is becoming a critical issue for modern server systems. Unfortunately, current trends suggest that meeting these capacity requirements using DRAM will not be ideal. DRAM consumes significant amounts of energy (idle, refresh, and precharge energies) and will soon reach its density limit. Many researchers in industry and academia point to Phase-Change Memory (PCM) technology as a promising replacement for DRAM. PCM is byte-addressable as DRAM, but presents higher density and lower idle power consumption than DRAM. However, PCM is also slower than DRAM and has limited endurance. For these reasons, hybrid memory systems that combine a small amount of DRAM and a large amount of PCM have become attractive. In this dissertation, we propose two hybrid memory systems for servers. The first system (called Rank-aware Page Placement or RaPP) is a hardware-driven page placement policy. The policy relies on the memory controller (MC) to monitor access patterns, migrate pages between DRAM and PCM, and translate the memory addresses coming from the cores. The second system (called Rank-aware Cooperative Cache or RaCC) is a software-driven policy for object placement in server clusters that implement cooperative memory caches. RaCC monitors object popularity and leverages that
GEOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PARTICLE ENSEMBLES IN TERMS OF THEIR SET COVARIANCE

The set covariance C(r) is a basic function in stochastic geometry,frequently applied in the eld of image analysis. On the other hand, C(r) is interrelated to the real space structure functions dened in the eld of small-angle-scattering (SAS). Fundamental results of stochastic geometry can be transformed to the eld of SAS. By use of integral transformation, scattering data of sample materials lead to the real space structure functions. These functions reflect specic geometric properties of the sample material. Let the order range of a sample be denoted by L. Let = (r), 0 r L, (r) 0 if L < r, be the SAS correlation function of an isotropic two-phase ensemble of homogeneous, hard particles of volume fraction c. Then, (r) = [C(r)=c c]=(1 c). It is shown that the rst zero point (r1) = 0, 0 < r1 L, can be traced back to four terms: To c of the particles, to a term 0(r1) involving the correlation function 0(r) of the isolated single particle, to a term PAB (second order particle shape specic probability) and to the particle to particle pair correlation function g(r). The obtained formula (a quasi-diluted particle ensemble represents a special case) is exemplied for the model correlation function of a Dead Leaves model and for selected experimental cases.
Current clinical management of malignant melanoma – diagnosis process and innovative therapies

Malignant melanoma is a highly invasive cancer which derives from neuroectodermic melanocytic cells. It is characterized by the highest frequency of cases in both sexes and all age groups. High metastatic potential of melanoma and its multidrug resistance might be a significant problem in the treatment. Permanent and complete remissions are rare, while the 5-year survival rate remains relatively low. In the last years there has been a breakthrough in the systemic therapy of malignant melanoma. Modern drugs have revolutionized previous therapeutic management of melanoma. As part of therapeutic programs, new medicines are available: dabrafenib, ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, trametinib and vemurafenib. The following paper presents current clinical management standards for melanoma diagnoses, based on the widely accepted scientific data and expert experience with emphasis on modern methods of treatment of this cancer.
Evaluation of the ecological function of amphitoxin in the reef-dwelling sponge Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru (Haplosclerida: Callyspongiidae) at southwest Sulawesi, Indonesia

The ecological function of the secondary metabolite amphitoxin produced by Callyspongia (Euplacella) biru is evaluated by a forced confrontation with the free-living scleractinian coral Fungia fungites at different exposure times. Our major goal was to determine whether such a forced confrontation with a spatial competitor would cause a significant change in the concentration of amphitoxin in the sponge tissue, indicating a regulatory mechanism of amphitoxin production. Firstly, the concentrations of amphitoxin of sponge fragments submitted to forced confrontation with a mushroom coral did not differ between the exposure times. Secondly, all sponge fragments, including the controls had a consistently lower amphitoxin concentration during the course of the experiment than the natural variation. Thirdly, the concentration of amphitoxin varied substantially between specimens implying that other ecological factors besides spatial competition regulate the production of bioactive compounds of C. biru.
Innovating Financial Inclusion: Postal Savings System Revisited

The event was organized by the Asian Development Bank Institute. Mobilizing domestic financial resources like savings is crucial for Asia’s developing economies. Savings are important because they permit investment, which in turn increases the productive capacity of an economy. They also play a significant role in financial intermediation in a sense that savings funds intermediated by the banking system can be used as credit to finance development activities. Unfortunately, due to different levels of financial sector development, access to financial services such as credit, savings, and payment services remain limited in developing Asia. For example, only 36% of adults in East Asia and the Pacific have formal savings accounts and 11% have access to formal credit, as of 2014.
In the parametric mixture model , the component distributions are from a parametric family with known parameters θ j with the probability density function given by

Article history: Received March 1 2013 Received in revised format March 8 2013 Accepted March 8 2013 Available online March 11 2013 In this paper, we present a Bayesian analysis of a data set selected from a Brazilian food company. This data set represents the times taken for different quality control analysts to test manufactured products arriving at the company’s quality control department. The samples selected from each batch contain mixtures of different products, which may be submitted to quality testing taking different times. From preliminary analysis of the data, it was observed that the histograms presented two clusters, indicating a mixture of distributions. A mixture of parametrical distributions was thus assumed in the presence of a covariate in order to analyze the data set and to establish standards to be used by the company for the times taken by the analysts. Inferences and predictions are obtained using a Bayesian approach with standard existing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. © 2013 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved
A Retrospective Analysis on the Use of Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an algorithm has been used for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples over the last three years. Material and Methods: A total of 1,036 samples collected between June 2010 and March 2013 were submitted to the laboratory for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis . The samples were studied using the Ehrlich - Ziehl - Neelsen (EZN) staining. Various culture methods such as Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium-BacT/ALERT® 3D and the BD BACTEC™ MGIT™ 320 Mycobacteria Culture System were applied for 508 samples. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was performed in 138 samples. In general, 2 or 3 samples were obtained from each patient for the diagnosis of acid-fast bacilli (AFB), whereas only one sample was obtained for culture. Result: Of the EZN-positive samples, 30% were PCR-positive and 65% were culture-positive; of the culture-positive samples, 13% were PCR-positive and 54% were EZN-positive; of the PCR-positive samples, 21% were culture-positive and 43% were EZN-positive. Conclusion: AFB and culture are likely to be inadequate for the determination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, PCR seems to be an essential need. However, the clinical table of the patient should also be considered to determine the need for PCR. Thus, an appropriate algorithm should be suggested for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
The social side of human–wildlife interaction: wildlife can learn harmful behaviours from each other

Although harmful human–wildlife interactions involving anthropogenic food sources are a significant issue for wildlife conservation, few studies have addressed whether social learning may influence how animals learn to use anthropogenic foods. We examined a long‐term (1993–2003) human–wildlife interaction involving the illegal feeding of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) by recreational fishers in south‐western Australia. We developed predictor variables for whether dolphins learned to accept food handouts from human provisioners, based on biological (age‐class, sex) and behavioural (ranging and association patterns) data for a population of 74 dolphins. Two variables provided clear predictors for whether dolphins became conditioned to food handouts: the use of areas with high densities of recreational boats (BOAT) and the average coefficient of association with previously conditioned dolphins (ASSOC). An individual was more likely to become conditioned when it spent more time in high boat density areas and when it spent more time with other conditioned dolphins. When considering all the models available, there was strong weight of evidence for the effects of ASSOC and BOAT on the response variable. We were unable to detect any effects of age‐class and sex with the available statistical power. These findings suggest that social learning can facilitate the acquisition of undesirable and maladaptive behaviours in wildlife, and indicate the value of long‐term individual‐specific data for the conservation management of wildlife engaging in undesirable interactions with humans.
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of important heterocyclic acrylic copolymers

The acrylate monomer, 7-acryloyloxy-4-methyl coumarin (AMC) has been synthesized by reacting 7-hydroxy- 4-methyl coumarin, with acryloyl chloride in the presence of NaOH at 0-5°C. Copolymers of 7-acryloyloxy-4-methyl coumarin (AMC) with vinyl acetate (VAc) were synthesized in DMF (dimethyl formamide) solution at 70±1°C using 2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator with different monomer-to-monomer ratios in the feed. The copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The copolymer composition was evaluated by 1H-NMR (proton nuclear magnetic resonance) and was further used to determine reactivity ratios. The monomer reactivity ratios for AMC (M1)-VAc (M2) pair were determined by the application of conventional linearization methods such as Fineman-Ross (r1 = 0.6924; r2 = 0.6431), Kelen-Tudos (r1 = 0.6776; r2 = 0.6374) and extended Kelen-Tudos (r1 = 0.6657; r2 = 0.6256). Thermo gravimetric analysis showed that thermal decomposition of the copolymers occurred in single stage in the temper- ature range of 263-458°C. The molecular weights of the polymers were determined using gel permeation chromatography. The homo and copolymers were tested for their antimicrobial properties against selected microorganisms.
ELECTROMAGNETIC TRACKING SYSTEM FOR NEUROVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS

Electromagnetic tracking systems (EMTS) are widely used in a computer-assisted surgery, motion capture, kinematic studies and military applications. The main application in the medical domain represents minimal invasive surgery. For this purpose, the EMTS systems are integrated into the surgery device, i.e. needle, endoscope or catheter supporting tracking of this device within the human body without X-ray radiation. However, in neurovascular interventions this technique hardly could be applied so far. This is mainly due to a too large size of the receiver coils which have to be integrated into the microcatheter. In this paper we present such a microcatheter for neurovascular interventions featured with a 5 DOF sensor enabling tracking of the catheter tip by a commercial EMTS system and first evaluation of its accuracy.
faSavageHutterFOAM 1.0: depth-integrated simulation of dense snow avalanches on natural terrain with OpenFOAM

Abstract. Numerical models for dense snow avalanches have become central to hazard zone mapping and mitigation. Several commercial and free applications, which are used on a regular basis, implement such models. In this study we present a tool based on the open-source toolkit OpenFOAM® as an alternative to the established solutions. The proposed tool implements a depth-integrated shallow flow model in accordance with current practice. The solver combines advantages of the extensive OpenFOAM infrastructure with popular models from the avalanche community. OpenFOAM allows assembling custom physical models with built-in primitives and implements the numerical solution at a high level. OpenFOAM supports an extendable solver structure, making the tool well-suited for future developments and rapid prototyping. We introduce the basic solver, implementing an incompressible, single-phase model for natural terrain, including entrainment. The respective workflow, consisting of meshing, pre-processing, numerical solution and post-processing, is presented. We demonstrate data transfer from and to a geographic information system (GIS) to allow a simple application in practice. The tool chain is based entirely on open-source applications and libraries and can be easily customised and extended. Simulation results for a well-documented avalanche event are presented and compared to previous numerical studies and historical data.
Remarkable Funders: How Early-Late Backers and Mentors Affect Reward-Based Crowdfunding Campaigns

In recent years, the growth of the reward-based crowdfunding model has offered new opportunities to meet the funding requirements of start-ups. However, the achievement of the funding target is still a complex goal, given the existence of several information barriers between insiders (project proponents) and outsiders (backers) of a crowdfunding campaign. Within the framework of the information asymmetry and the theory of signals, this study aims to analyse the role of two kinds of previously un-investigated funders in determining the success of crowdfunding campaigns: early-late backers (who are placed at the beginning of the tail of the campaign) and mentors (who are represented by firms acting as more expert backers). The findings indicate that both types of funders are remarkably important for the success of a crowdfunding campaign.
On Hold: Relationships in the Age of Mobile Phone Distraction

Interpersonal communication has been transformed by the more than 70 percent of adults who own smartphones (Greenwood, Perrin & Duggan, 2016) and other forms of portable technology. It is now more convenient than ever to stay in touch, find lost friends, and access constantly updated information online, but research has linked mobile phone use to decreased relationship and interaction quality. For example, McDaniel and Coyne (2016) found that self-reported technology use among married couples predicted more partner conflict and less relationship satisfaction, particularly for women. Brown, Manago and Trimble (2016) found similar results in that the more friend dyads were observed using their mobile phones in each other’s presence, the lower they subsequently rated the quality of their interactions. Przybylski and Weinstein (2012) found that even the mere presence of a cell phone was linked to lower levels of trust, relationship quality, and perceived partner empathy among dyads instructed to talk about a meaningful topic. The current study addressed the call for more research on the links between computer mediated communication, relationships and well-being (Schiffrin, Edelman, Falkenstern & Stewart, 2010). Participants answered survey questions about five close relationships and completed standardized scales to measure cell phone use and other individual differences, including locus of control, subjective well-being and satisfaction with life. Results revealed a pattern across the five relationships; participants indicated that in-person communication was more common in family relationships than in romantic and friend relationships, in-person interactions were rated as more important than online interactions, and more in-person interactions predicted higher relationship quality scores. An external locus of control was significantly positively correlated with cell phone dependence and mobile phone usage, and predicted lower relationship quality, subjective well-being and satisfaction with life.
Bees Algorithm for multimodal function optimisation

The aim of multimodal optimisation is to find significant optima of a multimodal objective function including its global optimum. Many real-world applications are multimodal optimisation problems requiring multiple optimal solutions. The Bees Algorithm is a global optimisation procedure inspired by the foraging behaviour of honeybees. In this paper, several procedures are introduced to enhance the algorithm’s capability to find multiple optima in multimodal optimisation problems. In the proposed Bees Algorithm for multimodal optimisation, dynamic colony size is permitted to automatically adapt the search effort to different objective functions. A local search approach called balanced search technique is also proposed to speed up the algorithm. In addition, two procedures of radius estimation and optima elitism are added, to respectively enhance the Bees Algorithm’s ability to locate unevenly distributed optima, and eliminate insignificant local optima. The performance of the modified Bees Algorithm is evaluated on well-known benchmark problems, and the results are compared with those obtained by several other state-of-the-art algorithms. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm inherits excellent properties from the standard Bees Algorithm, obtaining notable efficiency for solving multimodal optimisation problems due to the introduced modifications.
Validation of parents and estimation of molecular diversity through SSR markers in maize (Zea mays L.)

India is the third largest consumer of edible oils; an increasing human population increases the demand of oil at an alarming rate. Therefore, there is a need to search new sources of oil in India to fulfill this goal. Molecular markers have facilitated the easy identification of diverse parents for development of superior high oil lines for commercial use. The parental material in the present experiment comprised of ten diverse inbred lines viz., high oil (HIGH OIL, DMHOC-09, DMHOC-15), QPM or intermediate oil (HUZQPM-01, HUZQPM-03, HUZQPM-05, HUZQPM-06) and low oil (HUZM-53, HUZM-265, HUZM478) content containing lines were selected on the basis of yield, yield traits along with oil content at the Agricultural Research Farm, B.H. U. , during Kharif 2011 and were subjected to validate the presence of QTL’s linked to oil content and molecular diversity through SSR markers. A total number of 25 polymorphic SSR markers were used to evaluate molecular diversity among parental inbreds. The PIC of 25 SSR primers ranged from 0.42 to 0.50 with an average PIC of 0.46. The molecular validation studies revealed that SSR markers bnlg2086, phi96100, umc1422, bnlg1452, bnlg2244, bnlg1711, umc2319, umc1360, phi119 and phi050 were linked to QTLs for oil content. Therefore, these markers could be used in MAS for estimating high oil content in maize.
Towards a Multi-scale Approach to the Simulation of Silicon Hetero-junction Solar Cells

The silicon hetero-junction (SHJ) technology holds the current efficiency record of 25.6% for silicon-based single junction solar cells and shows great potential to become a future industrial standard for high-efficiency crystalline silicon (c-Si) cells. One of the main advantages of this concept over other wafer based silicon technologies are the very high open-circuit voltages that can be achieved thanks to the passivation of contacts by thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H). The a-Si:H/c-Si interface, while central to the technology, is still not fully understood in terms of transport and recombination across this nanoscale region, especially concerning the role of the different localized tail and defect states in the a-Si:H and at the a-Si:H/c-Si interface and of the band offsets and band bending induced by the heterostructure potential and the large doping, respectively. For instance, a consistent microscopic picture of transport and recombination processes with treatment of thermal and tunneling mechanisms on equal footing is lacking. On the other hand, there are new SHJ device architectures like thin wafers with light trapping structures [1] or interdigitated back contact (IBC) cells [2], which define additional requirements for the modelling approach concerning the integration of 3D Journal of Green Engineering, Vol. 5, 11–32. doi: 10.13052/jge1904-4720.5342 c © 2016 River Publishers. All rights reserved. 12 U. Aeberhard et al. optical and electrical simulations. This paper provides an overview over our current efforts in the creation of a multi-scale and multi-physics framework to deal with the challenges encountered in the simulation of SHJ solar cells.
Dysfunctional eating behaviours and personality traits in severely obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery

Sporsmal: Jeg har 2 artikler som allerede er publisert. Jeg er usikker pa om tidsskriftene "Obesity Facts" og "Journal of Obesity" samtykker til offentliggjoring. Paper III resubmittes til "Obesity Surgery" i disse dager, og ma da IKKE offentliggjores for den er publisert
Coping Strategies of Pakistani Adolescents for their Daily Stressors

Coping strategies of 250 Pakistani adolescents (126 males and 124 females)were investigated in relation to their daily stressors. Problem Questionnaire (PQ) & Coping across Situations Questionnaire (CASQ) (Seiffge-Krenke, 1995) were used. Both scales covered eight domains viz. school, parents, peers, leisure time, relationship with opposite gender, future, and self. Results indicated that adolescents used functional coping more often for perceived stressors and inclined more towards internal resources like appraising the situation and reflecting upon different solutions. Males showed more stress than females in the domains of school, future, parents and relationship with opposite gender. In the perception of stress midadolescents showed more stress than early and late adolescents. Females scored higher on both active coping and internal coping as compared to males, whereas on dysfunctional coping, both scored evenly. Older adolescents however scored higher on active coping and internal coping, as compared to early and mid adolescents.