Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of hydroxyl radical.

A rapid method combining liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of the hydroxyl radical (.OH). OH generated via Fenton reaction was spin-trapped by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) and then analyzed by LC/ESI-MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as the internal standard. The peak area ratio of DMPO-OH to NMP positively correlated with the concentration of . OH. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the method was 1.13% (n = 8). The present method was successfully applied to evaluate the . OH scavenging capacity of several phenolic acids.
Postoperative Management of Patients with Articular Cartilage Repair

Abstract The efficacy of the rehabilitative process following articular cartilage repair in the knee can be the factor that determines the patient's long-term success, especially for return to sport. Articular cartilage repairs show great promise in allowing patients to return to their former level of function and, when complimented with an appropriate postoperative rehabilitation program, can be highly successful in allowing return to even very high level athletics. This article seeks to overview the most recent evidence regarding the general rehabilitation process for the common types of cartilage repair, discuss common complications which may arise, and determine an athlete's readiness to return to sport. We also address postoperative pain control, evaluation of a patient's progress through rehab, and adjustments to be made when there are comorbidities present.
Role of Activating Region 1 of Escherichia coliFNR Protein in Transcription Activation at Class II Promoters*

FNR is an Escherichia colitranscription factor that activates gene expression in response to anaerobiosis at a large number of promoters by making direct contacts with RNA polymerase. At class II FNR-dependent promoters, where the DNA site for FNR overlaps the −35 element, activating region 1 of FNR is proposed to interact with the C-terminal domain of the RNA polymerase α-subunit. Using a model class II FNR-dependent promoter, FF(−41.5), we have performed in vivo and in vitroexperiments to investigate the role of this interaction. Our results show that FNR, carrying substitutions in activating region 1, is compromised in its ability to promote open complex formation and thus to activate transcription. Abortive initiation assays were used to assess the contribution of activating region 1 of FNR to open complex formation. A new method for the purification of the FNR protein is also described.
The Machine Paradigm of Xputers and its Application to Digital Signal Processing Acceleration

The paper gives an introduction to xputer use for acceleration of digital signal processing applications. Xputers are a novel class of high performance processors, the operation of which is deterministically data-driven. The innovative high performance machine principles of xputers efficiently support innovative compilation techniques for much better optimization of parallelism than possible on (conventional) computers. These compilation techniques are mainly derived from compilation methods for ASAPs (application-specific array processors). The programming paradigm, which stems from the deterministically data-driven xputer machine paradigm, is illustrated by introducing a few xputer application examples in digital signal processing.
A Novel Performance Metric for Building an Optimized Classifier

Problem statement: Typically, the accuracy metric is often applied for optimizing the heuristic or stochastic classification models. However, the use of accuracy metric might lead the searching process to the sub-optimal solutions due to its less discriminating values and it is also not robust to the changes of class distribution. Approach: To solve these detrimental effects, we propose a novel performance metric which combines the beneficial properties of accuracy metric with the extended recall and precision metrics. We call this new performance metric as Optimized Accuracy with Recall-Precision (OARP). Results: In this study, we demonstrate that the OARP metric is theoretically better than the accuracy metric using four generated examples. We also demonstrate empirically that a naive stochastic classification algorithm, which is Monte Carlo Sampling (MCS) algorithm trained with the OARP metric, is able to obtain better predictive results than the one trained with the conventional accuracy metric. Additionally, the t-test analysis also shows a clear advantage of the MCS model trained with the OARP metric over the accuracy metric alone for all binary data sets. Conclusion: The experiments have proved that the OARP metric leads stochastic classifiers such as the MCS towards a better training model, which in turn will improve the predictive results of any heuristic or stochastic classification models.
The role of photonics in energy

Abstract. In celebration of the 2015 International Year of Light, we highlight major breakthroughs in photonics for energy conversion and conservation. The section on energy conversion discusses the role of light in solar light harvesting for electrical and thermal power generation; chemical energy conversion and fuel generation; as well as photonic sensors for energy applications. The section on energy conservation focuses on solid-state lighting, flat-panel displays, and optical communications and interconnects.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I-Mediated Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Is Characterized by Increased mTOR-p70S6K Signaling without Increased Akt Phosphorylation

Background Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is an anabolic hormone that is known to induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy. However, the signaling pathways mediating IGF-I's hypertrophic effect in vivo are unknown. Method The phosphorylation of 46 proteins was investigated by Kinetworks proteomic analysis in the gastrocnemius muscle of transgenic mice overexpressing IGF-I myosin light chain/muscle specific IGF-I (MLC/mIgf-I) and wild-type littermates. Results In the hypertrophic muscle of MLC/mIgf-I mice, we observed increased phosphorylation of phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1; 53% increase), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR; 112% increase), and p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) (254% increase) but no significant change in Akt phosphorylation (4% decrease). Furthermore, we found reduced phosphorylation of MAP kinase kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2) (60% decrease) and of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 3 and 6 (MKK3/6) (50% decrease) in muscle from transgenic mice, suggesting that the hypertrophic and mitogenic effects of IGF-I are mediated via distinct signaling pathways in skeletal muscle and that inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway may be required for the IGF-I-induced hypertrophic effect. Single-fiber analysis revealed a trend toward a higher percentage of the fast twitch fibers (IIb and IIx) in the transgenic mice. Conclusion Persistent overexpression of IGF-I in mice skeletal muscle results in hypertrophy, which is likely mediated via the mTOR/p70S6K pathway, potentially via an Akt-independent signaling pathway.
Alternative Approaches to Measuring House Price Inflation

The paper uses data on sales of detached houses in a small Dutch town over 14 quarters starting at the first quarter of 2005 in order to compare various methods for constructing a house price index over this period. Four classes of methods are considered: (i) stratification techniques plus normal index number theory; (ii) time dummy hedonic regression models; (iii) hedonic imputation techniques and (iv) additive in land and structures hedonic regression models. The last approach is used in order to decompose the price of a house into land and structure components and it relies on the imposition of some monotonicity constraints or exogenous information on price movements for structures. The problems associated with constructing an index for the stock of houses using information on the sales of houses are also considered.
Idala: An unnamed Function Peptide Vaccine for Tuberculosis

Purpose: To evaluate Myt272 protein antigenicity and immunogenicity by trial vaccination in mice and its in silico analysis as a potential peptide vaccine for tuberculosis. Methods: Myt272 gene, which has 100 % identity with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv unknown function gene Rv3424c, was ligated by genomic shotgun approach into the expression vector pQE32, and transformed into Escherichia coli SG13009. Expression during cell growth was induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside. The recombinant protein was isolated from the harvested cell lysate and injected in mice for immunogenicity experiment up to 42 days. ELISA tests with anti-His antibodies were performed on the collected individual blood samples’ sera. Color development in a microplate reader was measured at 450 nm. Results: The protein was predicted to have a mass of approximately 13 kDa and was present in the soluble fraction of the cell lysate. The immunogenicity test on Myt272 protein revealed very statistically significant high levels of antibodies detected by ELISA in the sera of immunized group of mice compared to negative controls. Conclusion: A 10.1 kD unnamed function (IDALA) protein from Rv3424 gene could be the potential peptide vaccine for tuberculosis tested by mice immunogenicity experiment.
Investigations of copper sulfide diffusion into paper insulation of transformers

It is well established that copper sulfide is formed due to reaction of sulfur with copper conductors in transformers and reactors. However, there is very little experimental evidence to demonstrate copper sulfide diffusion into bulk of paper. Diffusion experiments have been carried out on three samples of kraft paper having different thickness. Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy has been used to investigate the possibilities of copper sulfide diffusion into bulk of paper. This study has demonstrated that copper sulfide can diffuse into the bulk of paper leading to either increase or decrease in free volume of paper. The reasons for changes in free volume of paper due to copper sulfide deposits are explained. The consequences of copper sulfide diffusion on PD, voltage-current characteristics under ac and volume resistivity are discussed. Electric field simulation has been used to explain the effects of Cu ions and copper sulfide formation on electric stress distribution across paper.
Simulation of various adaptive techniques in wireless: A comprehensive view

In this paper, we have analyzed the simulation of various adaptive techniques used in wireless communication as a comprehensive view. For this analysis we have derived the algorithm for least mean square (LMS), recursive least square (RLS) and minimum mean square error (MMSE). These adaptive filtering techniques are the best way to mitigate the effect of interference in a communication system. As the power of digital signal processors has increased, adaptive filters have become much more common and are now routinely used in devices such as mobile phones and other communication devices, camcorders and digital cameras, and medical monitoring equipment. Moreover, we have performed the simulation of LMS and RLS algorithm with their error rejection. We, hope that this paper will help both academic as well as industry research by providing the various adaptive techniques at one place along with their simulation result.
The effect of protein diets in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials

ABSTRACT The main objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of protein supplementation through diet or dietary supplements on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women as evidenced by randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five RCTs were included using dietary protein (N = 2), protein supplements (N = 2), and proteins through diet and supplements (N = 1). A total of 677 postmenopausal woman were included, all diagnosed with osteoporosis (T score < –2.5) and aged between 50 and 80 years. Results have found that combined protein administration through diet, mainly from animal sources and supplemental proteins (whey proteins, 86 g/d PRO including 6 g WPI), for a short period of time (up to 12 months) may positively affect osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. In addition, a positive effect can also be achieved by the single administration of a 250 mg/d supplement in which 10 g was WPI for a six-month period. In this review, it is shown that both combined administration of proteins through diet and supplements and single administration through protein supplements may reduce the risk of fracture in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. In contrast, dietary proteins alone, in doses similar to and/or higher than the RDA values, may not have any positive effect on treating osteoporosis.
Visual Analysis of Multimodal Movie Network Data Based on the Double-Layered View

Multimodal visualization of network data is a method considering various types of nodes and visualizing them based on their types, or modes. Compared to traditional network visualization of nodes of the same mode, the new method treats different modes of entities in corresponding ways and presents the relations between them more clearly. In this paper, we apply the new method to visualize movie network data, a typical multimodal graph data that contains nodes of different types and connections between them. We use an improved force-directed layout algorithm to present the movie persons as the foreground and a density map to present films as the background. By combining the foreground and background, the movie network data are presented in one picture properly. User interactions are provided including detailed pie charts visible/invisible, zooming, and panning. We apply our visualization method to the Chinese movie data from Douban website. In order to testify the effectiveness of our method, we design and perform the user study of which the statistics are analyzed.
CRYPTIC GENETIC VARIATION AND BODY SIZE EVOLUTION IN THREESPINE STICKLEBACK

The role of environment as a selective agent is well‐established. Environment might also influence evolution by altering the expression of genetic variation associated with phenotypes under selection. Far less is known about this phenomenon, particularly its contribution to evolution in novel environments. We investigated how environment affected the evolvability of body size in the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Gasterosteus aculeatus is well suited to addressing this question due to the rapid evolution of smaller size in the numerous freshwater populations established following the colonization of new freshwater habitats by an oceanic ancestor. The repeated, rapid evolution of size following colonization contrasts with the general observation of low phenotypic variation in oceanic stickleback. We reared an oceanic population of stickleback under high and low salinity conditions, mimicking a key component of the ancestral environment, and freshwater colonization, respectively. There was low genetic variation for body size under high salinity, but this variance increased significantly when fish were reared under low salinity. We therefore conclude that oceanic populations harbor the standing genetic variation necessary for the evolution of body size, but that this variation only becomes available to selection upon colonization of a new habitat.
Expression Profiling of a Human Thyroid Cell Line Stably Expressing the BRAFV600E Mutation.

BACKGROUND/AIM The BRAFV600E mutation acts as an initiator of cancer development in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Gene expression changes caused by the BRAFV600E mutation may have an important role in thyroid cancer development. MATERIALS AND METHODS To study genomic alterations caused by the BRAFV600E mutation, we made human thyroid cell lines that harbor the wild-type BRAF gene (Nthy/WT) and the V600E mutant-type BRAF gene (Nthy/V600E). RESULTS Flow cytometry and western blotting showed stable transfection of the BRAF gene. In functional experiments, Nthy/V600E showed increased anchorage-independent growth and invasion through Matrigel, compared to Nthy/WT. Microarray analysis revealed that 2,441 genes were up-regulated in Nthy/V600E compared to Nthy/WT. Gene ontology analysis showed that the up-regulated genes were associated with cell adhesion, migration, and the ERK and MAPK cascade, and pathway analysis showed enrichment in cancer-related pathways. CONCLUSION Our Nthy/WT and Nthy/V600E cell line pair could be a suitable model to study the molecular characteristics of BRAFV600E PTC.
[Clinical observation on continuous electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) for arousing consciousness of comatose patients with severe craniocerebral trauma].

OBJECTIVE To observe the therapeutic effect of continuous electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) on the basis of routine treatment of western medicine for arousing consciousness of comatose patinents with severe craniocerebral trauma. METHODS Fifty-six cases of severe cranio cerebral trauma patients whose scores of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) lower than 8 were randomly divided into an observation group (29 cases) and a control group (27 cases). Both groups were treated with routine western medicine. The observation group were additionally treated with continuous electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) as the main point. Arousal rate and time after one month and three months of two groups were observed, arousal rate and the total therapeutic effect of recovery of the patients with different types after three months were compared between two groups. RESULTS The arousal time of the observation group was (18.57 +/- 7.14) days and the arousal rate was 72.4% (21/29) after one month, while (24.60 +/- 5.00) days and 37.0% (10/27) in control group, respectively. They were suprior in observation group to those in control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); the arousal time was (25.04 +/- 16.68) days in the observation group after three months of treatment, also shorter than (37.90 +/- 16.94) days in control group (P < 0.05). The arousal rate of patients with diffuse axonal injury was significantly higher than that of patients with non-diffuse axonal injury in the observation group and patients with the same type in control group after one month (P < 0.05). The cured-markedly effective rate of 72.4% (21/29) in observation group was significantly higher than that of 37.0% (10/27) in control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The therapy of continunous electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) on the basis of routine western medicine has a better therapeutic effect for comatose patients with severe cranio cerebral trauma, especially for those with diffuse axonal injury.
Reconstitution of highly purified saxitoxin‐sensitive Na+‐channels into planar lipid bilayers.

Highly purified Na+‐channels isolated from rat brain have been reconstituted into virtually solvent‐free planar lipid bilayer membranes. Two different types of electrically excitable channels were detected in the absence of any neurotoxins. The activity of both channels was blocked by saxitoxin. The first channel type is highly selective for Na+ over K+ (approximately 10:1), it shows a bursting behavior, a conductance of 25 pS in Na+‐Ringer and undergoes continuous opening and closing events for periods of minutes within a defined range of negative membranes voltages. The second channel type has a conductance of 150 pS and a lower selectivity for Na+ and K+ (2.2:1); only a few opening and closing events are observed with this channel after one voltage jump. The latter type of channel is also found with highly purified Na+‐channel from Electrophorus electricus electroplax. A qualitative analysis of the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of the high conductance channel has been carried out. Channel properties are affected not only by saxitoxin but also by a scorpion (Centruroides suffusus suffusus) toxin and a sea anemone (Anemonia sulcata) toxin both known to be selective for the Na+‐channel. The spontaneous transformation of the large conductance channel type into the small one has been considered; the two channel types may represent the expression of activity of different conformational states of the same protein.
A binary vector plasmid for gene expression in plant cells that is stably maintained in Agrobacterium cells.

We constructed a new binary plasmid vector designated pSKl which consists of the replication origin of Ri plasmid from Agrobacterium rhizogenes and the leftand right-border repeats of nopaline type Ti plasmid pTiT37. This plasmid was 23-times stabler than a pBI-derivative plasmid pIG121-Hm which contains the RK2 replication origin in agrobacterium cells. The pSKl carries Xba I and Not I recognition sites between the 35S RNA promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (P35S) and the poly-adenylation signal of the nopaline synthase gene (Tnos) so that genes of interest can be introduced in the correct orientation and expressed in plant cells. The Agrobacterium harboring a Ti plasmid is a natural machinery for gene transfer from the bacteria to plant cells (for reviews, see ref. 1-3). Using this bacteria, a system with an agrobacterium binary vector has been developed for transformation of both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. Such a system in general consists of two types of plasmids which must be compatible with each other in agrobacterium cells: one is a binary vector plasmid that can be maintained in both Agrobacterium and Escherichia coli cells and carries a border repeat-flanked T-DNA segment that contains cloning sites for a gene to be transferred, and the other is a virulence plasmid that carries the virulence (vir) region of the Ti plasmid but no T-DNA. As for binary vector plasmids, BIN19, a series of pBI plasmids, and pGA492 (482) were originally made from plasmid RK2 and vectors based on other plasmids such as pSa have also been reported.
The relationship of minority students' MCAT scores and grade point averages to their acceptance into medical school

The authors identified relationships between quantitative academic variables–specifically, grade-point averages (GPAs) and Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) scores–and the admission decisions of 58 students from minority groups underrepresented in medicine. These students had participated in a summer enrichment program at the University of Virginia School of Medicine and had applied to medical school. A total of 49 of the students were offered admission, and ultimately enrolled in 17 different medical schools. Results of a stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that scores on the Skills Analysis: Quantitative Subtest of the MCAT explained the greatest percentage of the variance related to medical school admission (26%); scores on the Skills Analysis: Reading Subtest contributed an additional 7% to the explained variance, and scores on the Physics Knowledge Subtest, another 5%. The overall GPAs did not contribute significantly to the explanation of the variance in admission decisions. These results differ from published findings based on data from minorities' admissions to individual institutions. Caution must therefore be exercised when using GPAs and MCATs as medical school admission predictors for students from minority groups.