Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Dynamic Simulations of Nickel Nanowires at Various Temperatures

The mechanical properties of Nickel nanowires have been studied at various temperatures using molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have been carried out on pure Nickel (Ni) crystal with face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice upon application of uniaxial tension at nanolevel with a speed of 20 m/s. The deformation corresponds to the direction <001>. To the calculated block of crystal free boundary conditions are applied in the directions <100>, <010>. Morse potential was employed to carry out three dimensional molecular dynamics simulations. MD simulation used to investigate the effect of temperature of Ni nanowire on the nature of deformation and fracture. Temperature effect on the extension property of metal nanowire is discussed in detail. The mechanical strengths and the mechanical strain of the nanowires decrease linearly with the increasing temperature. The feature of deformation energy can be divided into four regions: quasi-elastic, plastic, flow and failure. Experiments have shown that when the temperature increases the first stage of deformation was narrowed, and the second stage was widened. The results showed that breaking position depended on temperature. The simulation results at nanoscale play an important role on the mechanical behaviors of nanostructures.
Using a Hierarchically Structured Repository for Documents Summarization

In this paper, we highlighted the need for a suitable knowledge base to aid in NLP-related tasks, and in particular to text summarization. We described the reasons behind our choice of using Wikipedia as a knowledge base. We illustrated how it was pre-processed to make it usable for the task of summarization. Additionally, we explained how it is possible to derive a term concepts vector and why it is useful for the task we have at hand. Also included are the general design steps that were taken into account when building the system and how it was implemented. [Bawakid A, Afzal N, Shim S, Al-Omari T. Using a Hierarchically Structured Repository for Documents Summarization. Life Sci J 2014;11(9s):532-535] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 105
An Improved Back Propagation Control strategy for a Distribution System connected STATCOM

This paper shows a usage of a three stage dispersion static compensator (DSTATCOM) utilizing a back propogation (BP) control calculation for its capacities, for example, symphonious end, stack adjusting and receptive power remuneration for control factor revision, and zero voltage direction under nonlinear burdens. A BP-based control calculation is utilized for the extraction of the principal weighted estimation of dynamic and responsive power segments of load streams which are required for the estimation of reference source ebbs and flows. A model of DSTATCOM is produced utilizing a computerized flag processor, and its execution is examined under different working conditions. The execution of DSTATCOM is observed to be attractive with the proposed control calculation for different kinds of burdens.
Weighted Golub-Kahan-Lanczos algorithms and applications

We present weighted Golub-Kahan-Lanczos algorithms for computing a bidiagonal form of a product of two invertible matrices. We give convergence analysis for the algorithms when they are used for computing extreme eigenvalues of a product of two symmetric positive definite matrices. We apply the algorithms for computing extreme eigenvalues of a double-sized matrix arising from linear response problem and provide convergence results. Numerical testing results are also reported. As another application we show a connection between the proposed algorithms and the conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm for positive definite linear systems.
Estimation of the Effective Throughput in 802.11b WLAN Networks

Reliable model of the attainable throughput in IEEE 802.11b WLAN is needed to facilitate capacity planning and network deployment. In this paper an approximate analytical formula for calculating effective throughput of 802.11b devices, as a function of a number of competing stations for different sizes of transmitted packets has been proposed. Using this formula WLAN network administrator can estimate the throughput capacity of single access point (AP) shared between multiple wireless stations with sufficient accuracy. The proposed method has been evaluated by experimental results.
MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION POLICIES

This paper studies the institutional design of the coordination of macroeconomic stabilization policies within a monetary union in the framework of linear quadratic differential games. A central role in the analysis plays the partitioned game approach of the endogenous coalition formation literature. The specific policy recommendations in the EMU context depend on the particular characteristics of the shocks and the economic structure. In the case of a common shock, fiscal coordination or full policy coordination is desirable. When asymmetric shocks are considered, fiscal coordination improves the performance but full policy coordination doesn’t produce further gains in policymakers’ welfare. JEL Code: C70, E17, E58, E61, E63.
EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE PID CONTROLLER IN WIRELESS INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS

Within the framework of the research will be designed an experiment that will relate to the evaluation of management performance PID controller in wireless industrial networks, which are the main goals of security and reliability of communication. Then will be presents the results which were obtained by the method of the experiment which will be proved to the wireless industrial network modified PID control algorithm provides the same handling characteristics as the standard control algorithm.
Near Optimal Attack Strategies for the Maximization of Information Theft

With the prevalence and varied applications of the Internet, new cyber-crimes are mushrooming all over cyberspace. The crimes are characterized by their “silent” attack behavior, which enables an attacker to exploit the vulnerabilities of a system and steal information, without actually crashing the system. Information theft is a relatively new cyber-crime that not only causes property damage and monetary loss to its victims, but can also ruin their reputations. To detect and analyze the serious impact of information theft, we model it as a mathematical programming problem, defined by the AS model. In the model, an attacker applies his limited attack power intelligently to the targeted network in order to steal as much valuable information as possible. A Lagrangean relaxation-based algorithm is adopted to solve the AS problem, and the “susceptibility” metric is used to evaluate the effect of the attack.
Visible Fat Content of Hotpot Beef Acceptability by New Zealand Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Consumers

Hotpot meat is a popular way of meat consumption in some Asian countries. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of visible fat content on consumer acceptability of hotpot meat. Hotpot beef with six visible fat levels (11%–35%) was produced and digitally photographed, and the images were ranked by panels of New Zealand Chinese (110), Japanese (145), and Korean (118) consumers. For all the nationalities, a preference for visible fat was influenced by both gender and age. The Chinese preferred the visibly fattiest hotpot beef, whereas the Koreans preferred the leanest with the Japanese preferring the two fat extremes equally. For individuals in the age range of 19–30 years, both Chinese males and females preferred the higher fat meat (35%), while their Japanese and Korean counterparts preferred the second visibly leanest (14%). For those over 50 years, Chinese females preferred the lower fat meat compared to their male counterparts, whereas there was no gender difference at this age for the Japanese and Koreans preference for the visibly lean hotpot beef. This study indicates that there are subtle differences between nationalities in terms of their preference for the fat content of hotpot beef that may have implications in meat merchandising, product development, and health policies.
What can we learn from natural and artificial dependency trees

This paper is centered around two main contributions : the first one consists in introducing several procedures for generating random dependency trees with constraints; we later use these artificial trees to compare their properties with the properties of natural trees (i.e trees extracted from treebanks) and analyze the relationships between these properties in natural and artificial settings in order to find out which relationships are formally constrained and which are linguistically motivated. We take into consideration five metrics: tree length, height, maximum arity, mean dependency distance and mean flux weight, and also look into the distribution of local configurations of nodes. This analysis is based on UD treebanks (version 2.3, Nivre et al. 2018) for four languages: Chinese, English, French and Ja-panese.
A Novel Thermal Energy Storage System in Smart Building Based on Phase Change Material

This paper presents a novel phase change material based thermal energy storage system (PCMTESS) that is suitable for smart building energy management, together with its corresponding thermal-electric combined two-stage dispatching strategy. Benefiting from the phase change materials’ thermal characteristic of absorbing or releasing a significant amount of heat at a constant temperature, this thermal energy storage system is endowed with a high capacity and a relatively stable thermal state during its charge/discharge process. To evaluate the thermal performance of the PCMTESS, which is integrated as a part of building wallboard, a detailed analytic thermodynamic building model is proposed that considers the influence of the forced air convection and the external environments, such as solar radiation. Furthermore, a two-stage electric-thermal combined dispatching scheme is designed to minimize the electricity consumption expenditure and power fluctuation on the premise of maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature. Simulation studies on a smart building indicate that the proposed thermal energy storage system is a feasible and economical solution for solving peak load shaving and power fluctuation.
COMPARISON OF LUXURY BRAND PERCEPTION: OLD (UK) VS. MODERN (RUSSIA) CONSUMERS’ PERCEPTION TOWARD THE

With globalization and increased mobility consumers can easily access the same brand in different markets, interpreting the meaning and the social statuses they represent. That is why maintaining brand consistency across countries should be of great importance for companies’ brand management and marketing strategies, especially in the luxury industry where profitability and long-term success rely on consumers’ perceptions of luxury brands. This paper examines brand image consistency of luxury brands in the fashion industry, through an exploratory study of consumers’ perception of the Burberry brand in the UK and Russia.
DECOMPOSITION OF SINGULAR ELEMENTS OF AN ALGEBRA INTO IDEMPOTENTS, A SURVEY

In this paper, we provide a survey of some of the prominent works that were published from the 1960’s related to the problem of writing a singular matrix as a product of idempotent matrices. The question of the decomposition of a nonunit element of a regular ring is also described in particular the results of Hannah and O’Meara occupies a full section. The problem of decomposition of nonnegative matrices as product of nonnegative idempotents ends the paper. Some new results and techniques are also offered.
The impact of population size and structure on forms of urban housing

We develop a theoretical model explaining forms of dwellings typically found in a town. The share of dwellings in apartments in blocks depends positively on the town’s population, on the share of single person households, and the income level in the town, while the relationship is reversed for detached dwellings. Scarcity of land is the major driving force behind these relationships. Data for Norwegian urban settlements are used for estimating a system of dwelling share equations. The results confirm the theoretical predictions. Analysis of deviations of settlements from the general pattern may be useful in urban planning.
Study on Relationship between R&D Expenditure and Economic Growth of China

R&D provides impetus for science and technology, which plays an essential role in Chinese economic growth. But R&D expenditure in China is lower than other countries although it grows rapidly which is above 15% since the 2000s. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between R&D expenditure and GDP by means of unit root tests, co-integration model and granger causality test. The empirical study of this paper shows that R&D expenditure and GDP from 2000 to 2007 are co-integrated, which means a long-run relationship really exists. The conclusion of this paper is, in detail, the elasticity of R&D to GDP is 0.9243 which means the growth rate of GDP will increase 0.9243% if the R&D expenditure increases 1%. According to our analysis, Chinese government should increase the R&D expenditure continuously to foster the economic growth.
Parametrical Regulation of Economic Growth Based on the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model of Frank Smets and Rafael Wouters

The paper presents data on the estimation of parameters of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DSGE model) of Frank Smets and Rafael Wouters based on the statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan economy. Within the framework of economic growth problem on the basis of linear approximation of F. Smets and R. Wouters DSGE model of national economy the paper formulates the problem of maximization of expected discounted sum of GDP on the 10 years horizon with corresponding constraints imposed on interest rate, inflation and government spending. The considered problem was solved applying the parametrical regulation theory. The obtained results of solution to the stated problem have shown significant increase of the average GDP in the considered period compared with the corresponding basic forecast (without parametrical regulation).
Application of Regression Modeling to Data Observed Over Time

The central idea of this text is to guide researchers through the application of regression modeling when the data under analysis are observed over time. In general, there are no doubts regarding the application of this modeling in cross sections. However, when there is dependence on the data over time, some care needs to be taken for the results to be reliable and have the same interpretation of the coefficients obtained using the least squares method. The text begins with a presentation of the concept of autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation to identify and apply autoregressive modeling. Following this approach, the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test for detecting stationarity is presented, an essential condition for the estimators of ordinary least squares to be consistent. The Granger causality test is also presented and an example of regression applied to the series of the Cost of Living Index and the National Price Index for General Consumers. All the examples are presented with the help of Microsoft Excel to universalize the technique.
Rings in which every ideal is v-finite

In this paper, we introduce and study the notion of “v-Noetherian rings" which is a notion between Noetherian rings and v-coherent rings. Then we establish the transfer of this notion to finite direct products, trivial ring extensions, localization, and amalgamated algebras along an ideal. These results provide examples of non-Noetherian v-Noetherian rings and examples of non-v-Noetherian v-coherent rings. The article includes a brief discussion of the scope and precision of our results.
Scattering matrices of mineral dust aerosols: a refinement of the
refractive index impact

Abstract. Dust, as one of the most important aerosols, plays a crucial role in the atmosphere by directly scattering and absorbing solar and infrared radiation, while there are significant uncertainties in determining dust optical properties to quantify radiative effects and to retrieve their properties. Both laboratory and in situ measurements show variations in dust refractive indices (RIs), and different RIs have been applied in different numerical studies of model developments, aerosol retrievals, and radiative forcing simulations. This study reveals the importance of the dust RI for the model development of its optical properties. The Koch-fractal polyhedron is used as the modeled geometry, and the pseudo-spectral time domain method and improved geometric-optics method are combined to cover optical property simulations over the entire size range. Our results indicate that the scattering matrix elements of different kinds of dust particles can be reasonably reproduced by choosing appropriate RIs even using a fixed particle geometry. The uncertainty of the RI would greatly affect the determination of the geometric model, as a change in the RI, even in the widely accepted RI range, strongly affects the appropriate shape parameters to reproduce the measured dust phase matrix elements. A further comparison shows that the RI influences the scattering matrix elements differently from geometric factors, and, more specifically, the P11, P12, and P22 elements seem more sensitive to dust RI. In summary, more efforts should be devoted to account for the uncertainties on the dust RI in modeling its optical properties, and the development of corresponding optical models can potentially be simplified by considering only variations over different RIs. Considerably more research, especially from direct measurements, should be carried out to better constrain the uncertainties related to the dust aerosol RIs.
The possibility of replacing metal alloys with Si-SiC composites in certain technical applications

Present patent review is devoted to the analysis of some fields, important for mechanical engineering, where details made of silicon-carbon composites can be used successfully replacing traditional articles made of metal alloys. The advantages of the proposed materials are as follows: (i) almost a threefold reduction of the thermal expansion coefficient, (ii) higher hardness, (iii) higher chemical stability to oxidation at high temperature, (iv) an increase of limiting operating temperature of approximately 200 o С, (v) practical absence of marked deterioration of physical--mechanical characteristics at heating under loading. Among the disadvantages are the complexity of mechanical treatment and the laboriousness of producing details of complex geometry. That is why we have concentrated on the analysis of the capabilities to use the proposed materials only for production of relatively small, but important and vulnerable to heating articles, one of which is the element of a trunk brake of artillery shells. The review is based on recent patents received with the participation of the author.
Injury Profile of Musicians in the Bloemfontein- based Free State Symphony Orchestra: A Short Report

Similar to professional athletes, musicians are required to perform optimally. Few studies have been conducted to clarify the nature of injuries associated with musicians. This study aimed to determine the types of injuries and their prevalence amongst the musicians of the Free State Symphony orchestra (FSSo), contributing factors, the musicians’ response to injury, and their perception of physiotherapy. Forty-five members of the FSSO participated in this descriptive study. Analysis of data included frequencies and percentages for categorical data and percentiles for continuous data. Thirty-eight (84.4%) participants reported injuries related to playing their instruments. Insufficient resting periods during playing sessions (70.3%), continuing to play while experiencing symptoms (63.2%) and performing the same movement repetitively (64.9%) were identified as the perceived risk factors in the development of symptoms. Seventeen (44.7%) participants indicated that they did nothing to relieve their symptoms, while 34.2% sought physiotherapy treatment, 31.6% took medication to alleviate their symptoms and 31.6% reduced their playing hours. Majority of participants (75%) felt that their symptoms could be relieved by physiotherapy. Injuries amongst musicians result from a combination of factors such as posture, repetitive movements and fatigue. Possible physiotherapeutic intervention identified included educating musicians on the advantages of early management of injuries in extending their professional careers.
Multi-scale modelling of pulsed nanosecond dielectric

An integrated theoretical and numerical framework is developed to study the dynamics of energy coupling, gas heating and generation of active species by repetitively pulsed nanosecond dielectric barrier discharges (NS DBDs) in air. The work represents one of the first attempts to simulate, in a self-consistent manner, multiple (more than 100) nanosecond pulses. Detailed information is obtained about the electric-field transients during each voltage pulse, and accumulation of plasma generated species and gas heating over ms timescales. The plasma is modelled using a two-temperature, detailed chemistry scheme, with ions and neutral species in thermal equilibrium at the gas temperature, and electrons in thermal nonequilibrium. The analysis is conducted with pressures and pulsing frequency in the range 40–100 Torr and 1–105 Hz, respectively. The input electrical energy is directly proportional to the number density, and remains fairly constant on a per molecule basis from pulse to pulse. Repetitive pulsing results in uniform production of atomic oxygen in the discharge volume via electron-impact dissociation during voltage pulses, and through quenching of excited nitrogen molecules in the afterglow. The ion Joule effect causes rapid gas heating of ∼40 K/pulse in the cathode sheath and generates weak acoustic waves. Conductive heat loss to the walls during the time interval between voltage pulses prevents overheating of the cathode layer and development of ionization instabilities. A uniform ‘hat-shaped’ temperature profile develops in the discharge volume after multiple pulses, due to chemical heat release from quenching of excited species. This finding may explain experimentally observed volumetric ignition (as opposed to hot-spot ignition) in fuel–air mixtures subject to NS DBD. (Some figures may appear in colour only in the online journal)
Numerical Analysis and Design of Large Scale Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator under Mechanical Stress

This paper deals with characteristics of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (IPMSG) which has been developed for offshore wind turbine with variable operation condition. The representative performance of Wind turbine is THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of back EMF (Electromotive Force) and torque ripple, which is related to efficiency, vibration and noise [1]. Also, a large capacity IPMSG has a disadvantage of high centrifugal force, because of large external diameter of rotor. Hence, it is important to analyze the electromagnetic field coupled mechanical stress. In this paper, we performed a 3D FEA for an accurate analysis related to performance of the IPMSG applied skew and slitting in order to reduce a THD [2-3]. In particular, this paper presents the design of 5.6MW IPMSG taking account of mechanical stress analysis.