Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gastroprotective effect of vanadium in rats - the roles of gastric acid and nitric oxide

Vanadium (various forms) has been proven to be beneficial in the treatment of certain diseases, especially diabetes. Reports have it that vanadium may protect the stomach from gastric ulcerogens such as ethanol and acid. This study was designed to investigate the probable mechanism Vanadium exerts its’ gastroprotective activities. Methods: Sodium metavanadate (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg. p.o) was administered to 20 male Wistar rats weighing (150±20g) for two weeks. Gastric ulcer was induced using ethanol after which animals were sacrificed 2 hours later. In study two, 30 male Wistar rats (114±10g) were administered sodium metavanadate at (0, 50 and 200 ppm) in drinking water for 10weeks after which ulcer was induced using pylorus ligation method. Basal and histamine (10mg/kg i.m) stimulated gastric secretions were determined through continuous perfusion technique afterwards in un-ulcerated animals. Ulcer score, mucin content, gastric nitrite level, anti-oxidant and H+K+ATPase activities were investigated in gastric homogenate samples. Results: Sodium metavanadate significantly reduced ulcer index and MDA levels while enhancing NO concentrations, catalase and SOD activities in both method of gastric ulceration. Mean basal gastric output was not significantly different in control compared with 50 and 200 ppm V group. Stimulation with histamine caused significant increases in gastric output by 187.72%, 57.40% and 78.69% in control, 50 and 200 ppm V respectively and was significantly reduced in the vanadium treated groups. A significant decrease in H+K+ ATPase (proton) pump activities of the vanadium exposed groups compared with control in the pylorus ligation ulcer model was observed. Conclusion: Vanadium may be suggested to have protective activities against gastric ulceration by acting as a proton pump inhibitor, enhancing anti-oxidant enzyme activities as well as mucosal blood flow via increased NO mechanism. Keywords: Sodium Metavanadate, Gastric Ulcer, Gastric Acidity, Oxidative Stress, Nitric Oxide
Hybrid LSH: Faster Near Neighbors Reporting in High-dimensional Space

We study the $r$-near neighbors reporting problem ($r$-NN), i.e., reporting \emph{all} points in a high-dimensional point set $S$ that lie within a radius $r$ of a given query point $q$. Our approach builds upon on the locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) framework due to its appealing asymptotic sublinear query time for near neighbor search problems in high-dimensional space. A bottleneck of the traditional LSH scheme for solving $r$-NN is that its performance is sensitive to data and query-dependent parameters. On datasets whose data distributions have diverse local density patterns, LSH with inappropriate tuning parameters can sometimes be outperformed by a simple linear search. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid search strategy between LSH-based search and linear search for $r$-NN in high-dimensional space. By integrating an auxiliary data structure into LSH hash tables, we can efficiently estimate the computational cost of LSH-based search for a given query regardless of the data distribution. This means that we are able to choose the appropriate search strategy between LSH-based search and linear search to achieve better performance. Moreover, the integrated data structure is time efficient and fits well with many recent state-of-the-art LSH-based approaches. Our experiments on real-world datasets show that the hybrid search approach outperforms (or is comparable to) both LSH-based search and linear search for a wide range of search radii and data distributions in high-dimensional space.
Development of internal stress measurement technique for Ni electroforming using Shack.Hartmann sensor

The performance of an in situ internal stress measurement technique using a Shack–Hartmann sensor (SHS) is examined during nickel electrodeposition in concentrated nickel sulfamate solution. The stress is calculated from the change in the curvature of a test plate bent by stress. The curvature is measured by monitoring the wavefront of an expanded laser beam reflected at the substrate using an SHS. Applying the proposed method, curvature measurements were conducted and the repeatability and accuracy were estimated. In situ stress measurement with a current density of 2.1 mA/cm revealed a repeatability of approximately 1 MPa when the thickness of the nickel layer was
Predicting muscle forces in the shoulder by constraining the inverse optimisation with EMG and a forward muscle model

The Dutch Shoulder and Elbow Model (DSEM) is a musculoskeletal model of the shoulder that can be used to predict internal shoulder loading (muscle forces, joint reaction forces, etc.). The DSEM uses an inverse optimisation method to predict muscle forces from net joint moments. In this study two new modes are presented that constrain the inverse optimisation with muscle force boundaries based on muscle dynamics (inverse forward dynamical mode) and boundaries based on EMG-recordings (EMG-assisted mode). The new modes were validated with measurements of two standardised movements (abduction and ante exion) from two subjects. A proof of concept has been given that both new modes work. It was concluded that DSEM predictions can be dominated by morphological differences between the subject and the cadaver on which the DSEM is based. Until better scaling routines are developed the IFDO mode is not very useful. When EMG-constraints are added, muscle and GH-joint reaction forces are predicted to be higher. Adding EMG for one muscle can predict cocontraction in other muscles. By adding EMG-based constraints, the DSEM can account for individual strategies in control strategy for the data that was analysed and is therefore an interesting topic for future research.
Gene Polymorphism in Dairy and Beef Cattle at National Livestock Breeding Centers

This study was aimed to identify polymorphism of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) gene in 89 heads of Holstein-Friesian (HF) dairy cattle from Lembang Artificial Insemination Center/ LAIC (17 bulls), Singosari Artificial Insemination Center/SAIC (32 bulls), and Cipelang Livestock Embryo Center/CLEC (40 cows); as well as in 4 breeds of female beef cattle from CLEC for comparison, providing Simmental (13 cows), Limousin (14 cows), Brahman (5 cows), and Angus (5 cows). This study used PCR-RFLP method by using HaeIII restriction enzyme. The enzyme cut the GHRH gene at nucleotides of GG|CC at the base positions of 118, 312, and 406 and produced 4 fragments of 118, 194, 94, and 45 bp respectively. Genotyping the GHRH gene produced two types of allele, namely A (312, 94, and 45 bp) and B (194, 118, 94, and 45 bp). These two alleles resulted in three types of genotype, namely AA (312, 94, and 45 bp), AB (312, 194, 118, 94, and 45 bp), and BB (194, 118, 94, and 45 bp). Frequency of the B allele was dominant to the A allele. Chi-Square analysis showed that all of HF dairy and beef cattle observed were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (X2 < X(0.05)). The highest heterozygosity value was 0.471 for HF bulls in LAIC, while the lowest one was for HF bulls in SAIC. Heterozygosity values in Simmental and Limousin cattles were higher than that of in HF cattle. The GHRH gene in HF and beef cattle was polymorphic, the exception was for Brahman with the only B allele. This result will improve the understanding of the polymorphism of GHRH gene in dairy and beef cattle.
Outcomes of Implementing Team-Based Learning (TBL): The Experiences of UK Educators

Team-based learning (TBL) is a collaborative learning model that refocuses classroom time to solving relevant problems instead of dispensing information. This is accomplished by a pre-class readiness assurance process that promotes accountability to self-directed learning and teamwork. While research related to the student experience with TBL is present in the literature, there is a relative lack of research published on the experiences of academic staff with TBL. Using a qualitative approach and a semi-structured interview format, this study explored the experiences of 26 academic staff in the UK who implemented TBL using a semi-structured interview format. Thematic analysis of interview text yielded five themes related to curriculum design, student outcomes, and the professional development of academic staff.
SOME LESSONS FOR THE DELIVERY OF ITINERANT PRIMARY SCHOOLING OF A DISTANCE EDUCATION

This paper presents initial results of research on a distance education program developed in 1989 for the children of the Showmen's Guild of Australasia. The program accommodates the mobility of children and their parents who are rarely in any town for more than a week during the show circuit. The children complete correspondence lessons in various subjects and are assisted by their parents or home tutors. Several times a year, distance education teachers join the children during the show circuit and work intensively with them for several weeks. Unlike many other groups involved in the distance education program, the Showmen's Guild is well organized. It has a very supportive parent base and has campaigned over the years to establish favorable political support for a program to meet the special needs of its children. A literature review reveals that high mobility can place students at an educational disadvantage while placing an enormous burden on those providing the education for the mobile group. Interviews conducted with parents, children, home tutors, and teachers revealed close and trusting relationships between parents and distance education teachers and between students and distance education teachers. In addition, there is typically an intimate relationship between the mother and her children as it ;s the mother who takes on the responsibility for organizing and managing her children's education during a hectic working day. This paper concludes that the uniqueness of each mobile group must be taken into account when 'implementing an educational program, and delivery must respond to the socioeconomic and cultural attributes of each group. (LP) "HERE TODAY, GONE NEXT WEEK": M SOME LESSONS FOR THE DELIVERY OF ITINERANT PRIMARY SCHOOLING OF A DISTANCE EDUCATION tPROGRAM DESIGNED FOR THE CHILDREN OF THE co) 0 SHOWMEN'S GUILD OF AUSTRALASIA. Doug Wyer Rob Thompson Ian Kindt Patrick Danaher Professional Growth Research and Teaching Group Faculty of Education University of Central Queensland "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
The Transcriptional Repressor Gfi 1 Controls STAT 3-Dependent Dendritic Cell Development and Function

Chozhavendan Rathinam,1 Robert Geffers,2 Raif Yücel,3 Jan Buer,2 Karl Welte,1 Tarik Möröy,3 and Christoph Klein1,* 1Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Hannover Medical School Carl Neuberg Strasse 1 30625 Hannover Germany 2German Research Center for Biotechnology Mascheroder Weg 1 38124 Braunschweig Germany 3 Institut für Zellbiologie (Tumorforschung) Universitätsklinikum Essen Virchowstrasse 173 45122 Essen Germany
Interactive digital interventions for prevention of sexually transmitted HIV

Background: Digital technology offers good opportunities for HIV prevention. This systematic review assesses the effectiveness of interactive digital interventions (IDIs) for prevention of sexually transmitted HIV. Methods: We conducted a systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IDIs for HIV prevention, defining ‘interactive’ as producing personally tailored material. We searched databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, grey literature, reference lists, and contacted authors if needed. Two authors screened abstracts, applied eligibility and quality criteria and extracted data. Meta-analyses used random-effects models with standardized mean differences (SMD) for continuous outcomes and odds ratios (OR) for binary outcomes, assessing heterogeneity using the I2 statistic. Results: We included 31 RCTs of IDIs for HIV prevention. Meta-analyses of 29 RCTs comparing IDIs with minimal interventions (e.g. leaflet, waiting list) showed a moderate increase in knowledge (SMD 0.56, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.80), no effect on self-efficacy (SMD 0.13, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.27), a small improvement in intention (SMD 0.16, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.26), improvement in HIV prevention behaviours (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.57) and a possible increase in viral load, but this finding is unreliable. We found no evidence of difference between IDIs and face-to-face interventions for knowledge, self-efficacy, intention, or HIV-related behaviours in meta-analyses of five small RCTs. We found no health economic studies. Conclusion: There is good evidence that IDIs have positive effects on knowledge, intention and HIV prevention behaviours. IDIs are appropriate for HIV prevention in a variety of settings. Supplementary Video Abstract
Ambient Assisted Living as Support for Aging in Place: Quantitative Users’ Acceptance Study on Ultrasonic Whistles

Background Given the fact of an aging society, new supply measures and living concepts are needed, especially as health impairments along with care dependency increase with age. As many elderly people wish to stay at home for as long as possible, ambient assisted living (AAL) represents a support for aging in place. Objective AAL combines medical and care technology within living environments and is, therefore, a promising approach to cope with demographic change in terms of fast-growing care needs and fewer skilled workers. Ultrasonic whistles represent one innovative technical possibility for such supportive housing solutions. Central fields of application are home automation, emergency service, and positioning. As AAL technologies affect sensitive areas of life, it is of great interest under which conditions they are accepted or rejected, taking individual user requirements into account. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate users’ perception and evaluation of ultrasonic whistles. Methods In this study, we examined the acceptance of ultrasonic whistles in home care by function and room using a Web-based questionnaire. Besides an evaluation of the overall usefulness, we focused on the intention to use ultrasonic whistles; 270 participants assessed home automation, emergency service, and positioning as specific functions of ultrasonic whistles. Furthermore, bathroom, bedroom, and living room were evaluated as specific usage locations (rooms). With regard to the user’s perspective, the focus was set on age and attitudes toward aging of care receivers. Results This study revealed a significant influence of function (F2,269=60.444; P<.001), room (F2,269=41.388; P<.001), and the interaction of function and room (F4,269=8.701; P<.001) on the acceptance of ultrasonic whistles. The use of emergency services within the bathroom represented the most accepted alternative, whereas positioning within the living room received the comparably lowest evaluations. Although user diversity played a minor role for acceptance overall, the assessment of single applications differed among user groups, particularly with regard to age differences (F20,500=1.988; P<.01) in the evaluation of specific installation options such as automated doors. Conclusions The study revealed profound insights into the user-centered assessment of ultrasonic whistles in home care and discovered function and room as influencing acceptance parameters. Concerning user characteristics, age, and attitude toward aging partly affected these evaluations, forming the basis for and showing the importance of further investigations in this context.
On the Variation of Turbulence in a High-Velocity Tidal Channel

This study presents the variation in turbulence parameters derived from site measurements at a tidal energy test site. Measurements were made towards the southern end of the European Marine Energy Centre’s tidal energy test site at the Fall of Warness (Orkney, Scotland). Four bottom mounted divergent-beam Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) were deployed at three locations over an area of 2 km by 1.4 km to assess the spatial and temporal variation in turbulence in the southern entrance to the channel. During the measurement campaign, average flood velocities of 2 ms−1 were recorded with maximum flow speeds of 3 ms−1 in the absence of significant wave activity. The velocity fluctuations and turbulence parameters show the presence of large turbulent structures at each location. The easternmost profiler located in the wake of a nearby headland during ebb tide, recorded flow shielding effects that reduced velocities to almost zero and produced large turbulence intensities. The depth-dependent analysis of turbulence parameters reveals large velocity variations with complex profiles that do not follow the standard smooth shear profile. Furthermore, turbulence parameters based on data collected from ADCPs deployed in a multi-carrier frame at the same location and time period, show significant differences. This shows a large sensitivity to the make and model of ADCPs with regards to turbulence. Turbulence integral length scales were calculated, and show eddies exceeding 30 m in size. Direct comparison of the length scales derived from the streamwise velocity component and along-beam velocities show very similar magnitudes and distributions with tidal phase.
Erysimum cheiri: The potential uterotonic medicinal herb

Wallflower (Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz) belonging to the family Brassicaceae has been a well-known medicinal herb in Persian medicine. Several cardiotonic steroids have isolated from different parts of this plant. The intravaginal dosage forms of wallflower have been frequently used for uterotonic purposes in traditional medicine. Accordingly, the present study explores the most frequent indications of wallflower through the history, and suggests a pharmacologcal hypothesis about the intravaginal delivery of this cardiotonic steroide cintaining herb. In this regard, study was done by searching via electronic databases and search engines including Sciencdirect and Scopus, Medline/Pubmed, and Google Scholar. Information on traditional indications of the herb was extracted from the major traditional medicine manuscripts. As the result, the historical survey and the pharmacological evidences have supported the hypothesis that the inhibitory effects of wallflower cardiotonic steroids on the Na+ K+ATPase pumps of the myocytes could affect the local vasospasm resulting the hypoxia, ischemia and contraction of the uterine tissue. It is suggested that more experimental studies be directed on the efficacy and safety of cardiotonic steroids of wallflower to induce uterine contractility.
Mining of University Midterm Reports for Comparison of Educational Strength

We are studying to find distinction among Japanese national universities, and strength of each university by analyzing their midterm goals and plans. In this paper, we propose a system that extracts keywords from documents, analyze and visualize features of the documents based on the extracted keywords. In our study, we adopt the midterm goals and plans of Japanese national universities as the object documents. We regard the features from the keyword analysis from those documents as the features of universities. In this paper, we report the experimental analysis focused on "regional" contribution and "international" contribution by university, which are important factors of social
Machine Learning , Building Vintage and Property Values

This paper makes three contributions: First, it introduces an algorithm that collects pictures of individual buildings from Google Street View. Second, it trains a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify residential buildings into architectural styles, taking into account spatial dependencies of building vintages. Third, it investigates whether architectural styles influence house prices. For re-sales, the architectural style is a significant determinant of transaction prices while no such effect is found for new buildings. This indicates that any premia are for vintage-related quality characteristics and not for a home’s beauty.
The Long and Short of Biodiversity: Cumulative Diversity and Its Drivers

Long-term or cumulative diversity is the biodiversity that accumulates at a site over many generations of community members. Cumulative diversity is likely important to the intrinsic and functional value of ecosystems given the legacies left behind by many species. While its components—average short-term diversity (alpha) and temporal turnover (beta)—have been extensively studied, cumulative diversity itself has not. We therefore examined the environmental and community drivers of cumulative diversity with a novel hierarchical diversity partition. This partition breaks cumulative diversity into short-term, turnover, richness, and evenness components. We applied this framework to 49 tropical rock pool communities, censused over tens to hundreds of organism generations. Results uncovered two environmental regimes that differentially impacted the richness and evenness components of cumulative diversity: Occasional drying events mainly limited richness and reset communities, while less severe physicochemical variations reduced the evenness of communities. These causal pathways amount to differential controls on cumulative diversity; controls that can oppose each other to buffer diversity against change as well as create unexpected trade-offs for managers. We conclude that maintaining diversity at longer timescales requires new analytical tools and an expanded view that can account for its complexity.
Effect of High-pressure Treatment and Transglutaminase on the Gel-forming Ability of Salt-ground myofibrillar Proteins from Carp.

With the aim of utilizing a fresh water fish (carp) as a raw material for fish-paste products, the characteristics of gelation of myofibrillar proteins from carp by high-pressure treatment were compared with those of a marine fish (lizard fish) by heating. The effect of food additives containing transglutaminase on gel-forming ability was also examined.The breaking strength of high-pressure-induced gel was much lower than that of heat-induced gel from the salted carp meat, and that of high-pressure-induced gel from the salted meat of lizard fish. The gel-forming ability of salt-ground myofibrillar proteins by high-pressure treatment was high in the order Mf<AM<M, and was lower for Mf and AM and was higher for M than that from lizard fish. The gel-forming ability of high-pressure-induced gel from myofibrillar proteins largely increased by the addition of transglutaminase. These findings suggest that the utilization of carp meat as a raw material for pressurized fish paste products needs some additional preparation.
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland: Princeton University Press

Reading became an increasingly popular entertainment in eighteenthand nineteenth-century Britain, Europe and America, reaching an ever wider spectrum of society as the cost of printing came down and levels of literacy rose. The novels avidly consumed in this period were not merely escapist fiction. Many of them drew attention to serious social issues such as slavery, child labour and other forms of exploitation that blighted the age of revolutions and empire, some were thinly disguised autobiographies, while others had clear educational aims: thus the line between fiction and non-fiction was a fluid one. Poetry too flourished across a wide range of genres, and the political and social agendas of the Romantic movement in particular led to its being read and appreciated at all levels of society. In this series, the Cambridge Library Collection offers the texts of fiction and poetry as these works were first published and received by an eager reading public.