Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production of Herpes Simplex Antisera with Increased Type Specificity in Guinea Pigs by Antibody Suppression

Summary Passive administration of heterologous antibody to guinea pigs infected with Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 allowed a production of antisera of enhanced specificity. The anti Herpes simplex virus type 1 serum produced was of high specificity and potency and showed only minor reactions with Herpes simplex virus type 2. The anti-Herpes simplex virus type 2 serum produced was of moderate specificity, but clearly differentiated between Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in different immunological reactions. The procedure described is a simple method whereby relatively specific antisera for typing of Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 strains can be produced. This investigation was supported by grants from foundations of Jorgen Schaumann, Finsen and Edward Welander. I thank Gun Carlstrom, Aberra Demissie, and Erling Norrby for valuable help, comments, and advice.
HB-MAP Protocol: A New Secure Bidirectional Light-Wight Authentication Protocol of HB

With the popularity of the mobile internet, the thin client terminals play an important role in our daily life. Because the thin client terminals have limited computation ability, the light-weight authentication scheme is a urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, we propose a novel mutual lightweight authentication protocol called HB-MAP. In the protocol the client just need store a small amount of messages and do some simple bit-wise operations, the computation-consuming operations such as the generation of random challenges are all done by the server. Finally we will also analysis the security vulnerabilities of HB-MAP protocol.
Differential Structural Requirements for Interaction of Ras Protein with Its Distinct Downstream Effectors (*)

Ras proteins have multiple effectors of distinct structures that do not share significant structural homology at their Ras interaction sites. To prove possible differences in their recognition mechanisms of Ras, we screened 44 human Ha-Ras proteins carrying mutations in the effector region and its flanking sequences for interaction with human Raf-1, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Byr2, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae adenylyl cyclase. The Ras binding specificities were largely shared between Raf-1 and Byr2 although Ras mutants, Y32F, T35S, and A59E, had their affinities for Byr2 selectively reduced. The only exception was Ras(D38N), which lost the ability to bind Raf-1 while retaining the activity to bind Byr2 and complement the Byr2 phenotype of S. pombe. On the other hand, adenylyl cyclase had quite distinct requirements for Ras residues; mutations P34G and T58A selectively abolished the ability to bind and activate it without considerably affecting the interaction with Raf-1 and Byr2. Y32F mutant, whereas losing the ability to activate Raf-1 and Byr2, could activate adenylyl cyclase efficiently. In addition, V45E mutation was found to impair the ability of Ras to activate both Raf-1 and adenylyl cyclase without significantly affecting the binding affinities for them. These results demonstrate that significant differences exist in the recognition mechanisms by which the three effector molecules associate with Ras and suggest that a region of Ras required for activation of the effectors in general may exist separately from that for binding the effectors.
Review of FPGA based control for switch mode converters

Switch mode Converters are inherent part of modern gadgets, motor drives and power control. To regulate the output voltage, an efficient control is necessary. Digital control is preferred over analog control since it has advantages like low power consumption, less variation to noise, less component variation and programmability. There are various platforms available for control like Microcontroller, Digital signal processor (DSP), Very Large Scale integrated Circuit Design (VLSI). This paper focuses on the FPGA platform available for digital control. The basic control methods are discussed with advantages and disadvantages. The control algorithms are explained. FPGA based research is reviewed and the different design aspects are highlighted.
WHAT DRIVES RELATIONSHIP QUALITY? A STUDY OF TWO RETAIL CLOTHING STORES

This study was conducted to determine factors that influence the relationship quality in a retail clothing store setting. Relationship quality comprises two elements, trust and satisfaction. Subjects of this study were taken from customers of two major retail clothing outlets in Penang. The results revealed that all five variables; physical aspects, reliability, personal interaction, problem-solving and policy are significant influencers of satisfaction. However, only four variables are found to be positively related with trust. Nevertheless, similarities exist between the tests run for both trust and satisfaction whereby physical aspects, personal interaction and policy are the three most important variables in determining relationship quality. The integration of the five variables with special emphasis on the physical aspects of the store, personal interaction and policy, is the key to a successful retail business.Keywords: relationship quality, retail clothing, physical aspects, reliability, personal interaction, policy
Measurement-based modeling and analysis methodology for characterizing parallel I/O performance

A parallel I/O characterization methodology that consists of a hierarchical modeling and measurement analysis environment for investigating I/O performance is presented. The methodology is illustrated via a case study of a video server workload running under the parallel I/O file system (PIOFS) of IBM SP/2. The measurements demonstrate that for video server and read-intensive workloads, spreading parallel files across all eight I/O servers improves a client's bandwidth performance by 36-52%. With eight clients, the per-client bandwidth performance increases by only 15%-23%. PIOFS-based default file striping results in degradation of bandwidth performance by as much as 25%.
Application of the manifold-constrained unscented Kalman filter

This document describes the rationale and methodology behind the application of a Kalman-type filter to a system that has two properties which lead to inaccuracy or instability in traditional filters: highly non-linear system models along with a state that is constrained to a non-linear Riemannian manifold. The non-linear models are handled by the use of the unscented transformation, while the constrained state is dealt with using both a modified unscented transformation and a modified time-update model. The application that requires these treatments is the system identification of a super-light unmanned aerial vehicle, where the dynamics of the vehicle are such that an unconstrained orientation must be dealt with as a unit-quaternion, the high-order of the model requires maximum precision be maintained, and the vehicle itself requires the lowest-mass sensors available, leading to relatively high sensor noise in an already noisy measurement environment. The new filter is explained in this context, implementation details are given, and results of simulation and flight trials are explored. In addition, square-root extensions to this filter are described that increase the filter's computational efficiency without sacrificing its accuracy, stability, or robustness.
Transcription and translation in an RNA world

The RNA world hypothesis requires a ribozyme that was an RNA-directed RNA polymerase (ribopolymerase). If such a replicase makes a reverse complementary copy of any sequence (including itself), in a simple RNA world, there is no mechanism to prevent self-hybridization. It is proposed that this can be avoided through the synthesis of a parallel complementary copy. The logical consequences of this are pursued and developed in a computer simulation, where the behaviour of the parallel copy is compared to the conventional reverse complementary copy. It is found that the parallel copy is more efficient at higher temperatures (up to 90°C). A model for the ribopolymerase, based on the core of the large subunit (LSU) of the ribosome, is described. The geometry of a potential active site for this ribopolymerase suggests that it contained a cavity (now occupied by the aminoacyl-tRNA) and that an amino acid binding in this might have ‘poisoned’ the ribopolymerase by cross-reacting with the nucleoside-triphosphate before polymerization could occur. Based on a similarity to the active site components of the class-I tRNA synthetase enzymes, it is proposed that the amino acid could become attached to the nascent RNA transcript producing a variety of aminoacylated tRNA-like products. Using base-pairing interactions, some of these molecules might cross-link two ribopolymerases, giving rise to a precursor of the modern ribosome. A hybrid dimer, half polymerase and half proto-ribosome, could account for mRNA translocation before the advent of protein elongation factors.
Low power silicon photonics switch

In this paper, a low power consumption thermo-optical switch is presented on SOI platform. The switch power consumptions for TE mode and TM mode are 0.49 mW and 1.1 mW, respectively. And the extinction ratios are 23.0 dB and 14.3 dB for TE/TM mode, respectively. The switch time is about 266 μs for both modes, including 144 μs rise time and 122 μs fall time. Compared to the similar switch with conventional structure, our presented switch can reduce more than 98% the power consumption.
Registered nurses' opinions about patient focused care

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate registered nurses' (RN) opinions about the organisational change to patient focused care (PFC). DesignA qualitative explorative design and an interview guide with open-ended questions were used.SettingOne ward at a university hospital Subjects Six female registered nurses Main outcome measure(s) The interview questions included items about 'experiences of PFC', 'experiences of one's own professional role' and 'opinions about the quality of care in the model'. ResultAll of the interviewed nurses at the ward had overall positive attitudes towards PFC and felt the care model could facilitate nursing practice. The interviewees emphasised, however, that if one is to make a fair evaluation, more experience of working with PFC as well as total implementation of the model is needed. The interviewees did report positive effects of PFC, which they believed gave all employees at the ward greater motivation to work towards continuous development.ConclusionsThe RNs in the present study had overall positive attitudes towards PFC and felt the care model could facilitate nursing practice. The present study illustrates nurses' experiences of working at a ward that uses PFC as its organisational form, and this knowledge is valuable to nursing managers who are considering organisational changes. The interviewed nurses found that PFC had many advantages and that the organisational form could therefore be suitable in several clinical settings.
ParkinsonCheck A Decision Support System for Tremor Detection

The paper details the construction of a clinical decision support system which is the integral part of the ParkinsonCheck application. ParkinsonCheck is an app for smart phones built to detect signs of Parkinsons disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET), which is the main differential diagnosis from PD in the early stage of the disease. The application is based on spirography (spiral drawing) and uses the built-in decision support system to detect potential signs of the disease. The intention is to warn potential patients of their signs as early as possible and guide them to seek medical help. The decision support system is what separates ParkinsonCheck from similar apps which rely on sending the users data to a medical facility to be assessed by a neurologist. It enables our application to be fully automated. The focus of this paper are the inner workings of the decision support system which is used in two ways: (1) to detect the signs of PD and ET, and (2) to differentiate between PD and ET.
Human Papillomavirus Detection in Cervical Lesions Nondiagnostic for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Correlation With Papanicolaou Smear, Colposcopy, and Occurrence of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and carcinomas. The present study involved women who had an abnormal Papanicolaou smear and whose cervix contained acetowhite area(s) that lacked the histologic features of CIN. Sequences homologous to HPV DNA, determined by Southern blot hybridization analysis, were detected in 20 of 59 cervical biopsy specimens (34%) that lacked the histologic features of CIN. When compared with the group in which HPV DNA was not detected, the HPV DNA-positive group had a lower chance of having a normal Papanicolaou smear (30 versus 61%) at the time of the biopsy. There was no difference in the colposcopic findings between the HPV DNA-positive and -negative cases for the biopsy specimens that lacked the features of CIN. However, there was a difference in the rate of histologically proved CIN in the two groups. Twelve of 17 women (71%) in the HPV DNA-positive group for whom there was follow-up information had a biopsy-proved CIN lesion noted at another location in the cervix at the time of biopsy (six) or 3-12 months after the biopsy (six). This rate was significantly higher (P<.05) than the rate (five of 25, 20%) in the HPV DNA-negative cases, most of whom had no colposcopic abnormalities and a normal Papanicolaou smear at the follow-up examination. These findings indicate that HPV DNA detection in women with cervical lesions that lack the histologic features of CIN predicts current or future CIN in such patients.
Personality Trait Differences between Typically Developing Children and those Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Early identification of autism is strongly associated with more positive outcomes. Many assessment instruments have been developed for this purpose, most of which focus on specific symptoms of autism. More recently, this effort has expanded to include assessment instruments based on temperament and personality. The present study used the M5-PS-45 Questionnaire, based on the five-factor model of personality, to compare personality trait differences in children with autism (n = 8) and typically developing children (n = 7) ages 3 to 5. Typically developing children received significantly higher scores on Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience. The groups did not differ on Agreeableness or Neuroticism. These results are discussed in terms of implications for early identification of autism spectrum disorders.
Artery and vein separation using susceptibility‐dependent phase in contrast‐enhanced MRA

In magnetic resonance angiography, contrast agents are frequently used to help highlight arteries over background tissue. Unfortunately, enhancing veins hamper the visualization of arteries when data are collected over a long period of time after the arterial phase of the contrast agent. To overcome this problem, we have developed a novel imaging and postprocessing method that is capable of eliminating veins by utilizing the susceptibility difference between veins and surrounding tissue. This method was applied in the peripheral vasculature where the vessels are predominantly parallel to the main field and where the blood oxygen level‐dependent effect is most pronounced. Results are presented for both long (15.8 msec) and short echo times (7.8 msec) and for sequential and centrally reordered acquisition schemes. The short echo scan approach appears to be the most promising, making it possible to obtain good suppression of the venous signal even when the timing is not perfect or when repeat scans are necessary. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2000;12:661–670. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel targets for mitochondrial medicine

Emerging mechanisms in mitochondrial biology, including protein modification, calcium ion transport, and dynamics, are potential targets for next-generation therapies. Mitochondria—classically viewed as the powerhouses of the cell—have taken center stage in disease pathogenesis and resolution. Mitochondrial dysfunction, which originates from primary defects within the organelle or is induced by environmental stresses, plays a critical role in human disease. Despite their central role in human health and disease, there are no approved drugs that directly target mitochondria. We present possible new druggable targets in mitochondrial biology, including protein modification, calcium ion (Ca2+) transport, and dynamics, as we move into a new era of mitochondrial medicine.
Discretization of the gradient field total variation model and application in image denoising

In this paper, a discrete implementation method of the gradient field total variation is deduced, analyzed and tested. We use it to remove the noise in the image. The experiment result the shows that this method is better than the traditional denoising method based on the filter. It is mainly because that, in this method, the gradient of the image is kept unchanged when denoised. At last, It is proved that this method is correct.
Dosimetric impacts of applicator displacements and applicator reconstruction-uncertainties on 3D image-guided brachytherapy for cervical cancer

Purpose To quantify the dosimetric impact of applicator displacements and applicator reconstruction-uncertainties through simulated planning studies of virtual applicator shifts. Material and methods Twenty randomly selected high-dose-rate (HDR) titanium tandem-and-ovoid (T&O) plans were retrospectively studied. MRI-guided, conformal brachytherapy (MRIG-CBT) plans were retrospectively generated. To simulate T&O displacement, the whole T&O set was virtually shifted on treatment planning system in the cranial (+) and the caudal (–) direction after each dose calculation. Each shifted plan was compared to an unshifted plan. To simulate T&O reconstruction-uncertainties, each tandem and ovoid was separately shifted along its axis before performing the dose calculation. After the dose calculation, the calculated isodose lines and T&O were moved back to unshifted T&O position. Shifted and shifted-back plan were compared. Results Regarding the dosimetric impact of the simulated T&O displacements, rectal D2cc values were observed as being the most sensitive to change due to T&O displacement among all dosimetric metrics regardless of point A (p < 0.013) or MRIG-CBT plans (p < 0.0277). To avoid more than 10% change, ± 1.5 mm T&O displacements were accommodated for both point A and MRIG-CBT plans. The dosimetric impact of T&O displacements on sigmoid (p < 0.0005), bladder (p < 0.0001), HR-CTV (p < 0.0036), and point A (p < 0.0015) were significantly larger in the MRIG-CBT plans than point A plans. Regarding the dosimetric impact of T&O reconstruction-uncertainties, less than ± 3.0 mm reconstruction-uncertainties were also required in order to avoid more than 10% dosimetric change in either the point A or MRIG-CBT plans. Conclusions The dosimetric impact of simulated T&O displacements was significantly larger in the MRIG-CBT plans than in the point A plans. Either ± 3 mm T&O displacement or a ± 4.5 mm T&O reconstruction-uncertainty could cause greater than 10% dosimetric change for both point A plans and MRIG-CBT plans.
Low-complexity and frequency-scalable analog real-time FDM receiver based on a dispersive delay structure

A real-time analog frequency division multiplexing (FDM) receiver is proposed based on a dispersive delay structure (DDS). The DDS used here is a C-section all-pass network with a linear group delay response. It demultiplexes the FDM signal in the time domain by mapping each of its frequency components to its corresponding group delay. Compared to conventional FDM receivers, which utilize many analog and digital components for demultiplexing, making the receiver architecture complex, the proposed FDM receiver employs a single DDS in a simpler architecture. Moreover, the digital circuits employed in the conventional FDM receivers suffer from certain limitations at high frequencies, such as low speed, high power consumption and cost. The proposed DDS-based FDM receiver is purely analog and can be frequency-scaled.
Oracle and Adaptive False Discovery Rate Controlling Methods for One�?Sided Testing: Theory and Application in Treatment Effect Evaluation

Economists are often interested in identifying effective policies or treatments together with subpopulations of individuals who respond positively (or with a sign that is expected) to these treatment interventions. In this paper, we propose an optimal false discovery rate controlling method that is especially useful for such one‐sided testing problems. The proposed procedure is optimal in the sense of minimizing the false non‐discovery rate while controlling the false discovery rate at a pre‐specified level; it uses a deconvolution method based on non‐parametric maximum likelihood estimation, which allows for a broader class of treatment effect distributions than existing methods do. The proposed test demonstrates good small‐sample performance in Monte Carlo simulations and it is applied to study the effect of attending a more selective high school in Romania. The application reveals strong evidence of treatment effect heterogeneity, in that students who marginally gain access to higher‐ranked schools are more likely to benefit if the higher‐ranked school has a relatively high admission score cut‐off – or, in other words, is more selective.
Chromosomal Aneuploidy Improves the Brewing Characteristics of Sake Yeast

ABSTRACT The effect of chromosomal aneuploidy on the brewing characteristics of brewery yeasts has not been studied. Here we report that chromosomal aneuploidy in sake brewery yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) leads to the development of favorable brewing characteristics. We found that pyruvate-underproducing sake yeast, which produces less off-flavor diacetyl, is aneuploid and trisomic for chromosomes XI and XIV. To confirm that this phenotype is due to aneuploidy, we obtained 45 haploids with various chromosomal additions and investigated their brewing profiles. A greater number of chromosomes correlated with a decrease in pyruvate production. Especially, sake yeast haploids with extra chromosomes in addition to chromosome XI produced less pyruvate than euploids. Mitochondrion-related metabolites and intracellular oxygen species in chromosome XI aneuploids were higher than those in euploids, and this effect was canceled in their “petite” strains, suggesting that an increase in chromosomes upregulated mitochondrial activity and decreased pyruvate levels. These findings suggested that an increase in chromosome number, including chromosome XI, in sake yeast haploids leads to pyruvate underproduction through the augmentation of mitochondrial activity. This is the first report proposing that aneuploidy in brewery yeasts improves their brewing profile. IMPORTANCE Chromosomal aneuploidy has not been evaluated in development of sake brewing yeast strains. This study shows the relationship between chromosomal aneuploidy and brewing characteristics of brewery yeast strains. High concentrations of pyruvate during sake storage give rise to α-acetolactate and, in turn, to high concentrations of diacetyl, which is considered an off-flavor. It was demonstrated that pyruvate-underproducing sake yeast is trisomic for chromosome XI and XIV. Furthermore, sake yeast haploids with extra chromosomes produced reduced levels of pyruvate and showed metabolic processes characteristic of increased mitochondrial activity. This novel discovery will enable the selection of favorable brewery yeasts by monitoring the copy numbers of specific chromosomes through a process that does not involve generation/use of genetically modified organisms.