Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks in Urban Traffic Environment

Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks(VANET) is one of the hot research areas in wireless networks and Intelligent Transportation System(ITS) in recent years.It's difficult to test and evaluate the VANET protocols and applications in the real traffic environment.So study of the VANET by using simulation tools will be more feasible and effective.In this paper,the Network Simulator(NS-2) is used to simulate the IEEE802.11a and IEEE802.11p protocols in urban traffic environment.The simulation results are studied and the performance of the two protocols is compared.The result shows the 802.11p is more feasible and reasonable in VANET than 802.11a.
Improving ecosystem assessments in Mediterranean social-ecological systems: a DPSIR analysis

ABSTRACT Social-ecological systems in the Mediterranean Basin are characterised by high biodiversity and a prolonged cultural influence, leading to the co-evolution of these systems. The unique characteristics of Mediterranean social-ecological systems, current pressures leading to a decline in ecosystem services, and the need for coordinated action are recognised by policies promoting the protection and sustainable use of the region’s heritage. Ecosystem assessments provide valuable information on the capacity of the Mediterranean Basin to ensure the well-being of its population. However, most assessments simplify the complexity of these systems, which may lead to inaccurate ecosystem services supply and flow estimations. This paper uses the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model to guide an expert consultation that identifies the key characteristics of the Mediterranean social-ecological systems and analyses how these should be included in ecosystem assessments. Data collection was carried out through expert consultation with ecosystem services researchers. Multiple sources of complexity were identified, including the relationship between historical human activities, biodiversity spatio-temporal patterns, as well as the seasonal and long-term variability in ecosystem services. The importance of incorporating this complexity in ecosystem assessments for evidence-based decision-making is identified, suggesting that there is a need to adapt assessment approaches for the Mediterranean Basin social-ecological systems.
Quantifying the impact of wind power generation in day-ahead market: the case of Denmark.

This paper investigates the impacts of intermittent wind power generation in Denmark on the Nordic day-ahead system price and its volatility in the Nord Pool electricity market, by applying an ARMA-GARCH model, accounting for market coupling and the counterbalance effect from hydropower in Norway and Sweden. As a result, we found that wind generation dampens spot prices, consistently with the merit order effect, and also reduces price volatility in the Nordic day-ahead market. The results shed lights on the importance of market coupling and interactions between wind power and hydropower in the Nordic system through cross-border exchanges, which play an essential role in price stabilization. The analysis on intermittency shows that the market signals or the magnitude of price and volatility reductions depend on the initial level of wind generation. Finally, the Danish experience and the Nordic market structure suggest a way out to handle wind intermittency by interplaying with hydropower at the same time relyingon the functioning of an integrated electricity market.
Source‐Dependent Amplification of Earthquake Ground Motions in Deep Sedimentary Basins

Deep sedimentary basins amplify long‐period shaking from seismic waves, increasing the seismic hazard for cities sited on such basins. We perform 3‐D simulations of point source earthquakes distributed around the Seattle and Tacoma basins in Washington State to examine the dependence of basin amplification on source azimuth, depth, and earthquake type. For periods between 1 and 10 s, the pattern of amplification is spatially heterogeneous and differs considerably with the source‐to‐site azimuth. For close‐in earthquakes, the greatest basin amplification occurs toward the farside of the basin and ground motions from crustal earthquakes experience greater amplification than those from more vertically incident, deeper intraplate earthquakes. Love and Rayleigh waves form similar spatial patterns for a given source location, although the magnitude of amplification varies. The source dependence of basin amplification is an important factor for seismic hazard assessment, in both the Seattle and Tacoma basins, and by extension for deep sedimentary basins worldwide.
Model of no reference image quality assessment based on steerable pyramid

A novel universal model for no reference image quality assessment is proposed,which is based on the steerable pyramid algorithm.The algorithm builds the subband coefficients distributed model at multi-scale and multi-orientation about un-distortion images across small training,combining the statistics of natural scene features using steerable pyramid filter.The important weight value for subband coefficients is set according to the degree of influence on image degradation.Then,the image quality score can be computed through measure the deviate level between the distortion image coefficients statistics and the original subband coefficients distributed model.The experimental results show that the algorithm accord with human perception of quality.
Transport characterization of Kondo-correlated single-molecule devices

A single-molecule break junction device serves as a tunable model system for probing the many-body Kondo state. The low-energy properties of this state are commonly described in terms of a Kondo model, where the response of the system to different perturbations is characterized by a single emergent energy scale, kBTK . Comparisons between different experimental systems have shown issues with numerical consistency. With a new constrained analysis examining the dependence of conductance on temperature, bias, and magnetic field simultaneously, we show that these deviations can be resolved by properly accounting for background, non-Kondo contributions to the conductance that are often neglected. We clearly demonstrate the importance of these non-Kondo conduction channels by examining transport in devices with total conductances exceeding the theoretical maximum due to Kondo-assisted tunneling alone.
Robust image mosaic algorithm based on SIFT feature matching

Aimed at the two inadequacies appeared when applying Scale Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT) to image mosaic,they are,wrongly matching and poor point-pair corresponding,this paper proposed to make use of RANSAC algorithm to filter the matched point-pairs and refering to Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi(KLT) tracing algorithm to modify the position of feature points,so as to get accurate transformation matrix.Experiments show that this algorithm is as robust as SIFT,meanwhile,the precision is improved.
Anti-collision Algorithm Based on Dynamic Searching of Regressive Index

In the RFID system,anti-collision technique is a key technique.The binary search algorithm and dynamic binary search algorithm are the two typical anti-collision algorithms.In this paper,based on dynamic binary search algorithm,a new anti-collision algorithm is proposed.Analysis on the new algorithm indicates that the algorithm is of more obvious advantages than the dynamic binary search algorithm.
LONG-TERM LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOIL HEALTH AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY

OF THESIS LONG-TERM LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOIL HEALTH AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY Agricultural intensification reliant on monocrops could change soil health in a way that does not support maximum crop productivity. Twenty-nine-year-old no-till field plots at the University of Kentucky Spindletop research farm showed a significant reduction in corn yields from continuous corn plots compared to those from plots in various types of rotation. The objective of this study was to determine what role soil microbes might play in yield reduction and how management and time effects microbial community structure. Samples were collected from the following treatments: continuous corn (CC), continuous soybean (SS), a 2-year corn/soybean rotation (CCSS), Corn in rotation with soybean with winter wheat cover (C/W/S), and sod controls (SOD). Soil health-related parameters were determined along with microbial community structure using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA). Results show that there is a strong seasonal dynamic in microbial communities with May, July and September showing the greatest differentiation between treatments. Nonparametric multidimensional analysis (NMDS) shows that microbial communities under SS, CC treatments were significantly different from the CS and CWS treatments across all four years of the study. My findings will prove useful for assessing the contribution of biological indicators to agroecosystem function and will aid in making recommendations of when and how to manage these parameters to improve soil health and maximize yield.
ESCAPE FRACTION OF IONIZING PHOTONS DURING REIONIZATION: EFFECTS DUE TO SUPERNOVA FEEDBACK AND RUNAWAY OB STARS

The fraction of hydrogen ionizing photons escaping from galaxies into the intergalactic medium is a critical ingredient in the theory of reionization. We use two zoomed-in, high-resolution (4 pc), cosmological radiation hydrodynamic simulations with adaptive mesh refinement to investigate the impact of two physical mechanisms (supernova, SN, feedback, and runaway OB stars) on the escape fraction (fesc) at the epoch of reionization (z ⩾ 7). We implement a new, physically motivated SN feedback model that can approximate the Sedov solutions at all (from the free expansion to snowplow) stages. We find that there is a significant time delay of about ten million years between the peak of star formation and that of escape fraction, due to the time required for the build-up and subsequent destruction of the star-forming cloud by SN feedback. Consequently, the photon number-weighted mean escape fraction for dwarf galaxies in halos of mass 108–1010.5 M☉ is found to be , although instantaneous values of fesc > 20% are common when star formation is strongly modulated by the SN explosions. We find that the inclusion of runaway OB stars increases the mean escape fraction by 22% to . As SNe resulting from runaway OB stars tend to occur in less dense environments, the feedback effect is enhanced and star formation is further suppressed in halos with in the simulation with runaway OB stars compared with the model without them. While both our models produce enough ionizing photons to maintain a fully ionized universe at z ⩽ 7 as observed, a still higher amount of ionizing photons at z ⩾ 9 appears necessary to accommodate the high observed electron optical depth inferred from cosmic microwave background observations.
A Handbook of Radioactivity Measurements Procedures with Nuclear Data for some Biologically Important Radionuclides

NCRP Report No 58 1978 Washington DC: NCRP Publications xiv + 506 pp price $13 (hardcover) $11 (paperback) NCRP 58 is intended as an up to date replacement for the 'Radioactivity standardisation procedures' section of NCRP 28, A Manual of Radioactivity Procedures, first published in 1961 as National Bureau of Standards Handbook 80. The format closely parallels that of the original, with an introduction to the physics of radiation detectors being followed by application sections on the direct and indirect measurement of activity, the preparation of standard sources and radionuclide identification techniques.
Forcing the Penman-Montheith Formulation with Humidity, Radiation, and Wind Speed Taken from Reanalyses, for Hydrologic Modeling

The Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ET0) formulation was forced with humidity, radiation, and wind speed (HRW) fields simulated by four reanalyses in order to simulate hydrologic processes over six mid-sized nivo-pluvial watersheds in southern Quebec, Canada. The resulting simulated hydrologic response is comparable to an empirical ET0 formulation based exclusively on air temperature. However, Penman-Montheith provides a sounder representation of the existing relations between evapotranspiration fluctuations and climate drivers. Correcting HRW fields significantly improves the hydrologic bias over the pluvial period (June to November). The latter did not translate into an increase of the hydrologic performance according to the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) metric. The suggested approach allows for the implementation of physically-based ET0 formulations where HRW observations are insufficient for the calibration and validation of hydrologic models and a potential reinforcement of the confidence affecting the projection of low flow regimes and water availability.
Time Series Modelling of Monthly Temperature and Reference Evapotranspiration for Navsari (Gujarat), India

Time series modelling has been proved its usefulness in various fields including meteorology, hydrology and agriculture. It utilizes past data and extracts useful information from them to build up a model which could simulate various processes. The prior knowledge of evapotranspiration could help in estimating the amount of water required by the crops that is useful for optimizing design of irrigation systems. In this study, the time series modelling of monthly temperature and reference evapotranspiration has been carried out utilizing past data of 35 years (1983-2017) to assist decision makers related to agriculture and meteorology. 30 years (1983-2012) of temperature and evapotranspiration data were used for training and remaining 5 years of data (2013-2017) were used for validation. The monthly evapotranspiration was estimated using Penman-Monteith FAO-56 method. Mann-Kendall test was used at 5% significant level for identifying trend component in mean temperature. The time series of temperature and evapotranspiration was made stationary for modelling the stochastic components using ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) model. In order to check the normality of residuals, the Portmantaeu test was applied. The time series models for temperature and evapotranspiration which were validated for 5 years (2013-2017) and further deployed for forecasting of 5 years (2018-2022). It was found that for modelling temperature and reference evapotranspiration for Navsari, seasonal ARIMA (1,0,0)(0,1,1)12 and seasonal ARIMA (1,0,1)(1,1,2)12 were found to be appropriate models respectively. Mann Kendall test used for trend detection in monthly mean temperature revealed that October and November months had significant positive trend. Negative trend was observed only in the month of June.
Automated Visual Recognizability Evaluation of Traffic Sign Based on 3D LiDAR Point Clouds

Maintaining the high visual recognizability of traffic signs for traffic safety is a key matter for road network management. Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) systems provide efficient way of 3D measurement over large-scale traffic environment. This paper presents a quantitative visual recognizability evaluation method for traffic signs in large-scale traffic environment based on traffic recognition theory and MLS 3D point clouds. We first propose the Visibility Evaluation Model (VEM) to quantitatively describe the visibility of traffic sign from any given viewpoint, then we proposed the concept of visual recognizability field and Traffic Sign Visual Recognizability Evaluation Model (TSVREM) to measure the visual recognizability of a traffic sign. Finally, we present an automatic TSVREM calculation algorithm for MLS 3D point clouds. Experimental results on real MLS 3D point clouds show that the proposed method is feasible and efficient.
The M/M/1 Queue witch Bernoulli-Schedule-Controlled Vacation and Vacation Interruption

In this paper, we study an M/M/1 queue with multiple vacation policies described as follows: when the server becomes empty, it either goes for an ordinary vacation with probability p or takes a working vacation with probability 1 ― p. In the working vacation, a customer is serviced at a lower rate (called the sever is in an non-regular busy period), and at the instants of a service completion, the vacation is interrupted and the server is resumed to a regular busy period with probability 1 ― q (if there are customers in the queue), or continues the vacation with probability q. We give an analytic expression for the stationary distribution of queue length and demonstrate the stochastic decomposition structures of the stationary queue length and waiting-time. Also we obtain the additional queue length and the additional delay.
A new species of Saltuarius (Lacertilia: Gekkonidae) from granite-based, open forests of eastern Australia

Saltuarius wyberba sp. nov., from the 'granite-belt' of southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, is separated from three of the four previously-known members of the genus in lacking male preanal pores. From the fourth, S. swaini (an obligate rainforest species), it is distinguished by smaller size, greater dorsoventral compression, shape and spinosity of the attenuated tail tip, colour and pattern. Analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome-b sequence data shows that S. wyberba sp. nov. represents an evolutionary lineage independent of the S. swaini populations of southeastern Queensland.
Uniform Interface forParallel and Distributed ProgrammingBernd

Several distributed systems and software packages allow the use of workstation clusters as a virtual machine. In general, the interfaces to these environments use diierent programming paradigms for parallel and distributed computing, e.g. multithreading within a multiprocessor workstation and message passing or remote procedure calls for distributed computing. Porting applications to other distributed systems is a diicult task and many diierent programming paradigms have to be learned. We introduce a uniform interface for parallel and distributed programming based on POSIX Threads. By providing a global data space we are able to raise the concept of threads to a higher level of concurrency | threads may be spread over several heterogeneous machines and are therefore called remote threads (RThreads). Up to now, we have implemented the RThread interface on top of PVM and DCE.
Exhumation and analysis of the remains of a black native participant in the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902), KwaZulu-Natal

Human remains and cultural objects were found in a hole dug by farm labourers in a mealie field on the farm Lynnwood in the Dundee district of KwaZulu-Natal. The remains and cultural materials were excavated archaeologically. The skeletal remains were studied on site before being taken away for reinterment. The location of the remains within the grave, and the manner in which the skeletal remains were found, suggest that the individual was possibly buried in a niche grave. Morphological features, such as the everted gonial angles of the mandible and the square chin, indicate a male individual. A tentative age of 30-40 years old is suggested on the grounds of tooth wear. Even though, due to poor preservation, few cranial measurements were possible, the degree of prognathism suggested an individual of South African Negroid descent. A Penrose analysis of the measurements of the posterior teeth of the Lynnwood skull, those of members of the South African Negroid Population, some South African whites and modem British individuals was conducted. As regards both the mandible and the maxilla the teeth of the Lynnwood skull were assessed to be closest to those of the South African Negroid population. Enamel hypoplasia was observed on the teeth indicating dietary stress or acute infection which occurred between 0.8 and 2.1 years of age. Lesions that could indicate a gunshot wound were observed in the right frontoparietal area. Cultural materials found in the grave suggest a manner of dress similar to that worn by black native people during the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902. Black native people played an active role in this war and it is proposed that the excavated individual was employed by the British military in an unknown capacity.
Research on data compressing for RFID data based on path coding

Radio frequency identifications (RFID) technology has been widely used in object tracking and supply chain managements systems, and improves efficiency observably. However, these applications generate massive path data collections because of item-level tracking, and pose great challenges to the warehousing and analyzing. The authors use path code to present the path data, compress the volume of data, and decrease storage space greatly, for the following works such as path data mining. Otherwise, the path code has some path information, some path data mining algorithms can be used directly on the path code, increase mining performance.
Predation of Harp Seals, Pagophilus groenlandicus, by Polar Bears, Ursus maritimus, in Svalbard

Harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) that breed in February and March in the White Sea migrate to open water around Svalbard and Franz Josef Land in the Barents Sea, feeding pelagically while following the receding ice edge northward to the edge of the polar pack. Although harp seals are present throughout the area during the summer, they are primarily pelagic and do not appear to be extensively preyed upon by polar bears (Ursus maritimus). However, occasionally, large numbers of harp seals may haul out and rest on the pack ice or feed in the water below the ice and surface to breathe between the floes. When approached by a polar bear while on the ice, harp seals do not exhibit the instant flight response characteristic of the polar bear’s primary prey species, ringed (Pusa hispida) and bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus). In this situation, polar bears may make multiple kills without either consuming their own prey or scavenging seals killed by other bears. This behavior appears not to frighten other nearby harp seals, whether hauled out on the ice or in the water below the floes. These unusual concentrations of harp seals hauled out on sea ice may be related to the distribution and abundance of fish or other epontic prey. Their lack of an escape response to predators on the surface of the sea ice is probably a result of briefly hauling out in large numbers in spring while whelping on the sea ice in areas where the consequences of potential polar bear predation are insignificant. The rare events of harp seal mortality from bears killing them on the surface of pack ice during the summer do not appear to have a significant impact at the population level of either species.