Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overview of CW RF Guns for Short Wavelength FELs

Hard X-ray FELs (XFELs) operating with pulsed RF provides unprecedented peak brilliance for scientific research. Operating the accelerators with CW RF improves the flexibility w.r. t. the available time structure for experiments and opens the next frontier of average brilliance. One of the challenges of CW XFELs is the electron source, which requires both the CW operation and the highest possible beam quality allowing lasing at shortest wavelengths. With a given linac energy, higher beam brightness results in shorter X-ray wavelength. As the injector defines the lower limit of the electron beam brightness of the complete accelerator, R&D is devoted to CW photoinjector improvements since decades. In this contribution, the worldwide development status of CW RF guns, both normal conducting and superconducting, is reviewed.
PALATAL RUGOSCOPY AS A METHOD OF GENDER DETERMINATION IN MARATHWADA POPULATION

Context: Palatal rugae are used for various purposes and are of most importance in forensic cases, because they are highly individualistic. Aims: Rugae are also characteristic to a particular population, which could help in mass disaster. This paper studies about the pattern of rugae in Marathwada population of Maharashtra State. Settings and Design: A total of 60 subjects, 30 Males and 30 Females were considered for the study. The study subjects were in the age range of 19-26 years from Marathwada region and were randomly selected from OPD in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology at Maharashtra Institute of Dental Sciences, Latur. Methods and Material: After taking verbal consent from patient, alginate impressions were made in perforated impression trays and stone casts were made. The rugae were marked with a sharp graphite pencil and then lengths were measured using flexible wire. The study was based on the classification system given by Thomas and Kotze and Kapali et al. Statistical analysis used: Chi square and mann-whitney tests were used for mean and relationship between the attributes. Confidence interval and p-value were set at 95% and ≤0.05 respectively. Results: The number of rugae is more when compared to females, both on right and left side of palate and wavy pattern is found to be more compared to other patterns in this population. Conclusions: The features of rugae being stable, unique, easily recorded and highly reliable make them a good mode for forensic identification.
Improving Efﬁciency of a Discrete Adjoint CFD Code for Design Optimization Problems

Sensitivity analysis with the aim of design optimization is a growing area of interest in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. However, one of the major challenges is to deal with a large number of design variables for large-scale industrial applications. One of the effective solution approaches is to compute adjoint-based sensitivities in the differentiated CFD code. In this paper, we develop a discrete adjoint code for an unstructured pressure-based steady Navier-Stokes solver using Algorithmic Differentiation (AD) by operator overloading (O-O) tool. To reduce the huge memory requirement of the adjoint code we apply effective techniques by implementation of checkpointing schemes and by symbolic differentiation of the iterative linear solver. We combine the ﬂexibility of an operator overloading tool with the efﬁciency of an adjoint code generated by source transformation through coupling these approaches. Moreover, we improve the performance of the adjoint computation by exploiting the mathematical aspects of the involved ﬁxed-point iteration through reverse accumulation. We compare the effectiveness of these methods in terms of reduction of the numerical cost and accuracy of the sensitivities for the optimization of a vehicle climate duct industrial test case.
Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli

The Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) O113:H21 strain 98NK2, which was responsible for an outbreak of hemolytic uremic syndrome, secretes a highly potent and lethal subtilase cytotoxin that is unrelated to any bacterial toxin described to date. It is the prototype of a new family of AB 5 toxins, comprising a single 35-kilodalton (kD) A subunit and a pentamer of 13-kD B subunits. The A subunit is a subtilase-like serine protease distantly related to the BA_2875 gene product of Bacillus anthracis . The B subunit is related to a putative exported protein from Yersinia pestis , and binds to a mimic of the ganglioside GM2. Subtilase cytotoxin is encoded by two closely linked, cotranscribed genes ( subA and subB ), which, in strain 98NK2, are located on a large, conjugative virulence plasmid. Homologues of the genes are present in 32 out of 68 other STEC strains tested. Intraperitoneal injection of purified subtilase cytotoxin was fatal for mice and resulted in extensive microvascular thrombosis, as well as necrosis in the brain, kidneys, and liver. Oral challenge of mice with E. coli K-12–expressing cloned subA and subB resulted in dramatic weight loss. These findings suggest that the toxin may contribute to the pathogenesis of human disease.
An Evolving Model for the Offering of eBusiness Programs

Tertiary institutions in the 21 century offer new degree programs to expand their market share and increase revenue. Most program developers focus on the cohesion of the new program content and thereby miss some other important elements in program offering. We believe that there is a need for an appropriate underlying model to support the offering of new academic degree programs. In this paper we propose such a model, which has been developed and extended from a number of existing marketing service product offering models. The paper initially reviews the literature on service product offering models. Based on the reviewed models, we then propose a theoretical model for offering eBusiness tertiary education – a model which may also apply to the offering of new programs in other disciplines.
PLS-SEM Approach to Second-order Factor of Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Moderating Role of Culture

Increasing challenges posed by globalization, liberalization, technological advances and explosive growth of information, make it critical for every firm to be entrepreneurial oriented. Past studies have shown that firms which display relatively high levels of innovation, risktaking and proactive behaviour are known to have entrepreneurial orientation (EO), hence positively affect growth. This study investigates an integrated and complex relationship between entrepreneurship and performance by using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). EO is tested with second-order factors comprised of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking propensity. In this survey, the consequences of EO to business performance of firms is examined in a sample of middle-level managers within the public listed companies in Malaysia. Consequently, the finding suggests that EO is in its initial stage; there is a significant correlation between the degree of EO and performance of firms; and cultural value is determinant in the degree of EO-performance relationship.
Online Product Recommendation by Utilizing Social Network Features

— with the increase in internet facility most of the market move towards online store, as number of users are spending their time in Online Social Rating or Network websites such as Flixter, facebook, etc. This include new field for researcher to predict user purchasing with the use of digital relation among them. This paper works in this field by utilizing two kind of network first is social product rating and other is social network. Social product rating help in finding product ranking, then fuzzy interval values are generate for calculating user to user trust based on social features. In this work new concept of fuzzy interval value has increase the efficiency of the work. Results are compare with previous methods of product prediction and it is obtain that proposed work has high precision and recall value on different dataset size as compare to previous approach.
SIGNIFICANCE OF CORRECTION OF P VALUE IN STATISTICAL COMPARISONS AMONG MULTIPLE GROUPS IN BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

The statistical comparisons between two groups among multiple groups are a common phenomenon in biomedical research including clinical trials, observational studies and more importantly genetic studies. It is important to have an idea about interpreting the p value or type 1 error in accepting or rejecting the null hypothesis when there are only two groups vis a vis when there are more than two groups and two groups of interest are being compared. Situation is most commonly encountered in genetic studies when multiple genes are being studied. Such situation of comparing sub sets from the multiple groups demands correcting the p value which is technically known as Family Wise Error rate. This communication presents the concept of this correction particularly to the medical or biological researchers when post hoc test are being employed. This would help in the better appreciation of the results through p values with due consideration of statistical and biological/medical and its importance when sub set from the multiple groups are being compared.
s Changed to s Specificity by Amino Acid Substitutions in Its 210 Binding Region

The association of a sigma factor (s) with RNA polymerase in bacteria determines its specificity of promoter utilization. To identify amino acid residues in s from Bacillus subtilis that determine the specificity of its interaction with the nucleotides at the 210 region of its cognate promoters, we tested whether base pair substitutions in the210 region of a s-dependent promoter could signal its utilization by s-RNA polymerase. We found that a combination of base pair substitutions at positions 215 and 214 of the s-dependent ctc promoter resulted in its utilization by s-RNA polymerase in vivo. We also found that the combination of two amino acid substitutions at positions 119 and 120 in s changed its specificity for promoter utilization, resulting in a sigma factor that directed transcription from the s-dependent ctc promoter, but not from s-dependent promoters. These results suggest that amino acid residues at positions 119 and 120 determine, at least in part, the specificity of interactions between s and the nucleotides in the 210 region of its cognate promoters.
22. UNION CAREER GUIDANCE IN DENMARK

This chapter examines the role of career guidance (CG) provided by trade unions for their members and the ways in which this guidance contributes to people’s plans for and access to funds for competence development, adult education and further training. In Denmark, trade unions’ contribution to career guidance has gained importance following the establishment of labour market competence development funds during the last decade. These funds are established through collective bargaining, placing trade unions in a key role. However, there is little systematic knowledge of the guidance provided by trade unions, and large sums have remained unused in the funds. In this chapter, we explore this phenomenon through a case study of the ways in which career guidance functions in trade unions. We have conducted interviews with a number of CG-practitioners working in trade unions for professional and skilled workers and here describe their work through practice portraits. These yield information on the practice and organisational framework of guidance in unions. We analyse models and strategies to support members’ career development. Furthermore, we discuss the rise in career guidance activities in trade unions as a response to a fragmented public ‘system’ for adult career guidance and a highly complex framework (the competence development funds) for economic support for competence development. Besides the practice portraits, the chapter draws on existing empirical documentation, much of it produced in relation to tripartite negotiations between the state and the social partners.
CROWN-6 : SYNTHESIS AND ABILITY OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION TOWARDS LEAD ( II ) , ZINC ( II ) AND CADMIUM ( II ) METAL CATIONS

This work presents the synthesis of a strongly hydrophobic, functionalized monaza crown ether, i.e., lariat ether, namely N-(diethylthiophosphoryl)-aza[18]crown-6 and its application as ion extractant in solvent extraction systems. The synthesis of thiophosphorylated aza[18]crown-6 was performed with good yield. Separation systems have been successfully developed to extract Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) into organic phase, i.e., chloroform with the crown ethers: aza[18]crown-6 and N-(diethylthiophosphoryl)-aza[18] crown-6 as extractants. The selectivity order in both crown ethers was Pb(II) >> Cd(II) > Zn(II). The obtained results suggest that N-(diethylthiophosphoryl)-aza[18]crown-6 can be used for the selective removal of Pb(II) at lower pH values than aza[18]crown-6.
DETERMINANTS OF WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR BIOSECURITY MEASURES AMONG POULTRY FARMERS: A MITIGATION RESPONSE TO BIRD FLU INCIDENCE IN NIGERIA

In February 2006, the first confirmed case of bird flu in Nigeria was reported at Sambawa Farms. Recently in 2015, there was another outbreak of bird flu in Lagos and other states in Nigeria. The majority of the subsequent outbreaks occurred in Commercial and Semi-Commercial poultry with few outbreaks in the village/rural poultry farms. Nigerian government took measures to curtail the outbreaks and to prevent re-occurrence through culling the infected birds and training on the use of biosecurity measures. Many of these measures were possible through donor funds, which is mostly one-off assistance. However, after withdrawal of this assistance, the sustainability of use of biosecurity measures depends on the farmers’ ability and willingness to pay. Many researches have been conducted on poultry diseases in Nigeria, little or none of these researches has been able to examine the farmers’ willingness to pay for biosecurity measures. This is very critical and important in sustainability of bird flu preventive measures when the assistance of government, donors and NGOs are withdrawn. Thus in orders to achieve the broad objectives of this study, many questions were asked: what factors encourage or discourage farmers’ willingness to pay for biosecurity measures? What determines willingness to pay for biosecurity measures across scales of poultry operations? The major findings of the study include that willingness to pay for biosecurity measures varied across the flock size and adoption of biosecurity measures was positively associated with scale of poultry operation and education of the farmer. The major recommendation of this study is that policy makers should consider socioeconomic characteristics of the farmer and the flock size in setting price for payment of biosecurity measures. Thus, study provided a useful insight on how to make the poor participate in their country efforts to control the disease. JEL Code: C21, D12, I15 and N57.
CMAR_A_261353 7905..7911

Department of Gastric Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, People’s Republic of China Objective: The therapeutic effects of surgical resection in gastric cancer with liver metastasis remain largely unclear. We sought to examine surgical resection combined with chemotherapy for survival benefit in cases of synchronous liver metastases from gastric cancer (LMGC), and to identify factors affecting patient prognosis. Methods: Patients diagnosed with synchronous LMGC between January 2010 and December 2015 were enrolled in this study. The effects of gastrectomy and metastasectomy combined with chemotherapy (surgical resection group) and palliative chemotherapy (palliative chemotherapy group) on survival were comparatively assessed. Results: Of the 132 included cases, 57 (43.2%) and 75 (56.8%) were treated with surgical resection/chemotherapy and palliative chemotherapy, respectively. Overall survival (OS) was markedly prolonged in the surgical resection group compared with the palliative chemotherapy group (33.6 vs 12.4 months, P<0.001). In patients who underwent surgical resection, R0 resection resulted in prolonged OS in comparison with the non-R0 resection subgroup (45.1 vs 13.5 months, P<0.001). Surgical resection (hazard ratio [HR]=0.453; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.276–0.813; P=0.009) and solitary liver metastasis (HR=0.540; 95% CI 0.315–0.796; P =0.043) were independent predictors of OS. Conclusion: Patients with synchronous LMGC might benefit from radical surgical resection combined with appropriate chemotherapy. Additional well-designed prospective studies are required to verify the above findings.
Berthold, Martin and Morvan, Herve and Young, Colin and Jefferson-Loveday, Richard J. (2018) Towards investigation of external oil flow from a journal bearing in an epicyclic gearbox. Journal of Engineering for Gas

High loads and bearing life requirements make journal bearings the preferred choice for use in high power, epicyclic gearboxes in jet engines. In contrast to conventional, nonorbiting journal bearings in epicyclic star gearboxes, the kinematic conditions in epicyclic planetary arrangements are much more complex. With the planet gears rotating about their own axis and orbiting around the sun gear, centrifugal forces generated by both motions interact with each other and affect the external flow behavior of the oil exiting the journal bearing. This paper presents a literature and state-of-the-art knowledge review to identify existing work performed on cases similar to external journal bearing oil flow. In order to numerically investigate external journal bearing oil flow, an approach to decompose an actual journal bearing into simplified models is proposed. Later, these can be extended in a step-wise manner to allow key underlying physical phenomena to be identified. Preliminary modeling considerations will also be presented. This includes assessing different geometrical inlet conditions with the aim of minimizing computational requirements and different numerical models for near-wall treatment. The correct choice of near-wall treatment models is particularly crucial as it determines the bearing’s internal and external thermal behavior and properties. The findings and conclusions are used to create a three dimensional (3D), twocomponent computational fluid dynamic (CFD) sector model with rotationally periodic boundaries of the most simplistic approximation of an actual journal bearing: a non-orbiting representation, rotating about its own axis, with a circumferentially constant, i.e. concentric, lubricating gap. The inlet boundary conditions for simulating the external oil flow are generated by partly simulating the internal oil flow within the lubricating gap. In order to track the phase interface between the oil and the air surrounding the bearing, the Volume of Fluid (VoF) method is used. The quality of the CFD simulations of the domain of interest is not only dependent on the accuracy of the inlet conditions, but is also dependent on the computational mesh type, cell count, cell shape and numerical methods used. External journal bearing oil flow was simulated with a number of different mesh densities and the effect on the flow field behavior will be discussed. Two different operating temperatures, representing low and high viscosity oil, were used and their effect on the flow field behavior will also be assessed. In order to achieve the future objective of creating a design tool for routine use, key areas will be identified in which further progress is required. This includes the need to progressively increase the model fidelity to eventually simulate an orbiting journal bearing in planetary configuration with an eccentric, i.e. convergent-divergent, lubricating gap.
A Study of Different Methods of Content Based Image Retrieval (Cbir)

: Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is widely adopted process for searching and retrieving images from large image databases. Now the day’s volume of production of digital images is increasing day by day, traditional retrieval techniques are not satisfactory and not time efficient. CBIR is a fast retrieval method. Researchers developed so many techniques for CBIR. In this paper, we present a detailed survey of these CBIR techniques with their pros and cons. In addition, we discussed issues regarding image retrieval and evaluation of retrieval performance. Finally, on the basis of present CBIR methods we suggest some future research scope which can help researchers in their work.
F ACTORS LIMITING SEED GERMINATION OF TERRESTRIAL BROMELIADS IN THE SANDY COASTAL PLAINS ( RESTINGA ) OF ARICÁ

Vegetation islands surrounded by bare sand are one of the most characteristic features of the sandy plains (restinga) of the Brazilian coastline. Abiotic conditions outside the islands are too harsh for the establishment of plants. Bromeliads are frequent both inside and at the borders of islands, but infrequent outside the islands in the restinga of Maricá. We hypothesized that the rarity of bromeliad seedlings in the restinga is due to high mortality during the seed and/or seedling stages. In this study, we assessed the potential limiting factors for germination and seedling survival of three terrestrial bromeliads Neoregelia cruenta , Aechmea nudicaulis and Vriesea neoglutinosa . Seed viability, water balance during dry-wet cycles, germination under different water potentials and the susceptibility of seedlings to high temperatures, desiccation and sand burial were analyzed. The tested seeds were nondormant, and they germinated to >70% even after exposure to 60 o C and desiccation. At temperatures > 27 o C, seeds lost water faster than imbibited it, and dry-wet cycles and water potentials of -0.4 MPa decreased germination. Thus, low water availability is likely l imiting factor for bromeliad seed germination in the restinga of Maricá. Seedlings were extremely sensitive to high temperatures and sand burial. Shoots failed to emerge if seed depth exceeded 10 mm. We suggest that unequal temporal distribution of rainfall, low water retention capacity of the soil, and high temperatures inhibit germination and seedling establishment through water stress. Consequently, bromeliads are not likely to act as pioneer plants in the barren regions that separate restinga islands. (> 27 o perderam água mais rapidamente que seca hidratação potenciais hídricos negativos (> -0,4 MPa) reduziram germinabilidade. reduzido fornecimento hídrico provavelmente fator limitante para a germinação de sementes de bromélias na restinga de Maricá. plântulas foram extremamente sensíveis às altas temperaturas e ao soterramento, não conseguindo quando profundidade excedeu 10 mm. Sugere-se a distribuição variável de capacitância hídrica do altas temperaturas inibem a germinação e o estabelecimento de plântulas em condições de restinga. Conseqüentemente, as bromélias não parecem capazes de agir como pioneiras nas áreas entre moitas da restinga de Maricá. Palavras-chave : plântula, crescimento, temperatura, restinga.