Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Brightness Electron Beams from Dragon Tail Injection and the E-312 Experiment at FACET-II

The advent of optically triggered injection in multi component plasma wakefield accelerators has been shown to enable a substantial increase in witness electron beam quality. Here we present a novel way of using the overlap of laser and beam radial fields to locally liberate electrons from the tunneling ionization of the non-ionized gas species. These liberated ultracold electrons gain sufficient energy to be trapped in the accelerating phase at the back of the plasma blowout. This method of controlled injection has advantages in precision timing since injection is locked to peak beam current and has the potential of generating beams with very low emittance and energy spread. This method has been investigated using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. This scenario corresponds to a planned experiment, E-312, at SLAC’s FACET-II facility.
Civil Engineering Faculty Incorporation of Sustainability in Courses and Relation to Sustainability Beliefs

AbstractProfessional practice within civil and environmental engineering demands that practitioners within the field have knowledge of sustainability. Engineering education has attempted to reflect this standard, as noted in statements of expected student outcomes from ABET. Yet, the degree of integration of sustainability in engineering education is varied and inconsistent across and within institutions of higher learning. In order to address this issue, this study investigates one of the potential barriers to integrating sustainability into undergraduate engineering classrooms: educators’ beliefs regarding sustainability. The two-fold relationship between civil engineering faculty beliefs about sustainability and actual practice of integrating and incorporating sustainability within their classrooms is investigated in this study. Using thematic analysis of semistructured interview data; we present three personas that emerged from the data set. These personas represent characteristics shared among partic.
Further Analysis of the Passive Dynamics of the Compass Biped Walker and Control of Chaos via Two Trajectory Tracking Approaches

This work consists in analyzing and controlling the walk of the compass-type bipedal walker in order to stabilize its passive dynamic gait. The dynamic walking of the compass-gait walker is modeled by an impulsive hybrid nonlinear system. This impulsive hybrid nature is considered very complex as it can generate unwanted phenomena such as chaos and bifurcations. We show first by means of bifurcation diagrams and by varying the slope angle of the walking surface and also the length of the lower leg segment that the passive dynamic walking exhibits successive period-doubling bifurcations leading to chaos. Furthermore, in order to control chaos and hence obtain one-periodic walking behavior, we propose two control approaches based on tracking a desired trajectory. The first method consists in tracking the one-periodic passive dynamic walking generated by the compass model itself. The second control method lies in following a planned trajectory using the 4th-order Spline function. An optimization method is also achieved to design the parameters of the desired trajectory. Some features of the period-1 passive gait are used in the design of such Spline trajectory. Finally, we show some simulation results revealing the efficiency of the two proposed control methods in the control of the chaotic passive gait of the compass-gait walker. Moreover, we demonstrate the stabilization of the bipedal locomotion of the compass biped walker on different slopes: descending and ascending inclined planes and walking on a level ground. A comparison with the OGY-based control method is also performed to further show the superiority of these two control approaches.
A model for the study of user adoption behaviours of mobile commerce

With strong computing power and efficient data networks, new mobile phones are sophisticated enough for smoothly surfing the internet and conducting electronic commerce as on the desktop computers, there should have significant opportunities and growth of mobile commerce. However, the user acceptance of m-commerce is below expectation (Harris et al., 2005). Researches of the user acceptance of m-commerce have proven the positive user adoption determinants based on the user acceptance models of information systems (IS), but only few explore the negative adoption factors. This paper extends the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model for the study of the negative emotion and behaviour that affects the user acceptance of m-commerce. The extended UTAUT model aims to help m-commerce service providers to understand both the positive and negative factors that can significantly explain user adoption intention and use behaviour so that they can adjust their strategies for providing successful m-commerce services. It also provides an extended base for further research on the user acceptance models of new IS.
Artificial “Nano-Targeted Cells” for Bimodal Imaging-Guided Tumor Cocktail Therapy

Background: Single therapeutic modality always has its limitations in combating metastatic lesions with complicacy. Although the emerging immunotherapy exhibits preliminary success, solid tumors are usually immunosuppressive, leading to ineffective antitumor immune responses and immunotherapeutic resistance. Rational combination of several therapeutic modalities may potentially become a new therapeutic strategy to effectively combat cancer.Results: Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanospheres were constructed with photothermal transduction agents (PTAs)- Prussian blue (PB) encapsulated in the core and chemotherapeutic docetaxel (DTX)/ immune adjuvant- imiquimod (R837) loaded in the shell. Tumor cell membranes were further coated outside PLGA nanospheres (designated as “M@P-PDR”), which acted as “Nano-targeted cells” to actively accumulate in tumor sites, which was guided/monitored by photoacoustic (PA)/ magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Upon laser irradiation, photothermal effects were triggered. Combined with DTX, PTT induced in situ tumor eradication. Assisted by immune adjuvant R837, the maturation of DCs were promoted. Besides, DTX polarized M2-phenotype tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to M1-phenotype, relieving immunosuppressive TME. Integrating the above processes, the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) increased. The primary tumors and metastasis were significantly inhibited when treated with “Nano-targeted cells” based cocktail therapy.Conclusion: “Nano-targeted cells” based therapeutic cocktail therapy is a promising approach to promote tumor regression and counter metastasis/ recurrence.
Index for assessing the condition of flexible urban pavements based on a constructivist multicriteria analysis

The main methods for assessing pavement condition do not consider the factors involved in pavement deterioration. Thus, the objective of this research was to develop a current pavement condition index that took into account the factors that lead to deterioration. The index included an assessment of riding comfort, existing distresses, longitudinal slope, drainage aspects and bus traffic volume. The criteria and performance levels were weighed by means of a method known as Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique. To be tested and validated, the index developed was applied to 13 Sample Units, and a correlation analysis based on the Fixed-Value Matrix method was performed. In said analysis, a correlation of 0.12 was obtained when all units were considered, and 0.48 when the units with high traffic volume were removed. It was concluded that the proposed method presents a more rigorous assessment of pavement condition, mainly when it comes to distresses and bus traffic.
Use of Accounting Information System, Accounting Standards of Small and Medium Entitles in SmallL and Medium Micro Businessesin Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province

This study is a qualitative study that analyzed Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province in carrying out financial reporting through an accounting information system based on Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small and Medium-sized Entities (FAS EMKM). The research was conducted in the Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province where the research subjects were MSMEs actors, while the object studied was an accounting information system based on financial accounting standards for micro, small and medium entities in MSMEs. By using a triangulation approach in collecting data, namely interviews, observations and documentation, the data analysis carried out also refers to a triangulation approach, so that the data obtained are then analyzed and discussed with reference to theory and empirical. The results of data analysis show that MSMEs actors have not as a whole implemented an accounting information system. MSMEs actors only record simple transactions including sales, purchases, debts, receivables, profit or loss. Likewise, because the accounting information system has not been implemented, the financial accounting standards of micro, small and medium entities have not been implemented by MSMEs actors.
Improved Output Characteristic of Distributed Hybrid Solar–Wind Generating Materials by Using Fuzzy and Immune MPPT Control Method

The price of photovoltaic (PV) materials and wind generating system (WGS) materials is costly, and the stand-alone PV or WGS can not steadily supplied electric power for end user, fortunately, solar power and wind power can compensate well for one another under various locations and climatic conditions, an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for hybrid solar-wind electricity materials is important to extract maximum power from wind and solar energy because of the costly price of PV and WGS. The fuzzy MPPT method is used to track the maximum power point (MPP) of distributed small WGS and PV and hybrid solar-wind system. In order to decrease the output oscillation, the immune response feedback principle (IRFP) is used to improve the track speed and response speed and robust of output characteristic of electricity materials, the results displayed that the immune theory can effectively improve the performance and the stability of electric power of stand-alone or hybrid generating materials.
The Influence of E-Service Quality Toward Online Shopping Behaviour Amongst UiTM Students in Malaysia

Situations like pandemic (Covid-19) has bring about the rise of online shopping businesses. Online shopping is an electronic business that requires clients to buy goods and services entirely from sellers over the Internet via a search engine. Online shopping is the easy solution for busy and constrained life in today’s world. Despite consumers’ continuation to buy from a physical store, more users or buyers feel very convenient to online shopping. This research was conducted to examine the effects of e-service quality dimension (perceived value, firm reputation, privacy, trust, functionality) toward online shopping behaviour. Snowball sampling technique was applied and distributed to online shoppers via e-survey (google forms) within the period of two month. Analysing 303 data collected from online shoppers, the results have shown that perceived value is the most influential dimension of e-services quality towards online shopping behaviours among online shoppers in Malaysia. The recommendations are discussed in detail in the paper.
Optimized design of fillet welds in RHS joints for EN 1993‐1‐8

ISO 14346 permits fillet welds in rectangular hollow section (RHS) joints to be designed either (i) to develop the capacity of the connected brace or (ii) to resist the actual load(s) in the brace (i.e. as “fit‐for‐purpose”). However, no methods for design according to approach (ii) are given in the ISO or any European standard. In this paper, data from 41 weld‐critical tests on RHS gapped K, T, Y and X joints under brace axial load(s) are analysed to determine a reliable method for the design of fillet welds as “fit‐for‐purpose”. “Weld effective length” formulae are evaluated in conjunction with EN 1993‐1‐8 (directional and simplified methods) according to the standard procedure of EN 1990. A reliable method, based on ISO 14346, is proposed for calculating the design resistance of all‐around fillet welds in RHS gapped K, T, Y and X joints. Updates to the minimum fillet weld throat thicknesses required to develop the capacity of a connected RHS brace are also discussed.
Optimal allocation of a coherent system with statistical dependent subsystems

Abstract This paper studies the optimal allocation policy of a coherent system with independent heterogeneous components and dependent subsystems, the systems are assumed to consist of two groups of components whose lifetimes follow proportional hazard (PH) or proportional reversed hazard (PRH) models. We investigate the optimal allocation strategy by finding out the number $k$ of components coming from Group A in the up-series system. First, some sufficient conditions are provided in the sense of the usual stochastic order to compare the lifetimes of two-parallel–series systems with dependent subsystems, and we obtain the hazard rate and reversed hazard rate orders when two subsystems have independent lifetimes. Second, similar results are also obtained for two-series–parallel systems under certain conditions. Finally, we generalize the corresponding results to parallel–series and series–parallel systems with multiple subsystems in the viewpoint of the minimal path and the minimal cut sets, respectively. Some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical findings.
Application of a novel fuzzy neural network to real-time transient stability swings prediction based on synchronized phasor measurements

The ability to rapidly acquire synchronized phasor measurements from around a power system opens up new possibilities for power system protection and control. In this paper, the authors develop a novel class of fuzzy hyperrectangular composite neural networks which utilize synchronized phasor measurements to provide fast transient stability swings prediction for use with high-speed control. Primary features of the method include constructing a fuzzy neural network for all fault locations, using a short window of realistic-precision post-fault phasor measurements for the prediction, and testing robustness to variations in the operating point. From simulation tests on a sample power system, it reveals that the proposed tool can yield a highly successful prediction rate in real-time.
A unified approach to the characterization of frequency and polarization selective surfaces

A unified theoretical model describing frequency (and/or polarization) selective surfaces (FSS) is presented and discussed. Analysis of mixed multigrid structures, with both capacitive and inductive grids,is carried on by solving a global matrix system, without any limitations on the distance between the grids. Very complex structures can be analyzed by collapsing several grids together and by taking into account the metal thickness in the inductive grids. The problem of periodically holing the elements of both kinds of grids is handled in terms of equivalent modal circuits. Analysis and measurements relevant to a double ring structure are provided. An experimental validation of the theory has been performed by a measurement on a waveguide sample. <<ETX>>
“Nata Puree,” a Novel Food Material for Upgrading Vegetable Powders, Made by Bacterial Cellulose Gel Disintegration in the Presence of (1,3)(1,4)-β-Glucan

Pulverization is a potentially powerful solution for the resource management of surplus- and non-standard agricultural products, maintaining their nutritional values for long and ensuring their homogeneity, whereas their original textures could disappear to narrow the application ranges. Therefore, new technologies should be developed for reconstructing the powders to provide them with new physical characteristics. Herein, we developed a novel food material, nata puree (NP), by nata de coco (bacterial cellulose gel) disintegration with a water-soluble polysaccharide using a household blender. The process worked well with (1,3)(1,4)-β-glucan (BGL) as the polysaccharide, which could be substituted with barley extract. Lichenase treatment of the NP dramatically modified its physical properties, suggesting the importance of the BGL polymeric forms. NP exhibited distinct potato powder and starch binding activities, which would be attributed to its interactions with the cell wall components and a physical capture of powders by the NP network, respectively. NP supplementation into the potato paste improved its firmness and enabled its printable range shift for 3D food printing to a lower powder-concentration. NP also promoted the dispersion of powders in its suspension, and designed gelation could also be successfully performed by the laser irradiation of an NP suspension containing dispersed curdlan and turmeric powders. Therefore, NP could be applied as a powder modifier to a wide range of products in both conventional cooking, food manufacturing, and next generation processes such as 3D food printing.
Relationship of Noninvasive Assessment of Arterial Stiffness with 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Risk in a General Middle-Age and Elderly Population

Purpose As a powerful indicator of arterial stiffening, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) has been extensively validated for predicting cardiovascular events. However, whether and how the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is correlated with the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between baPWV and 10-year ASCVD risk in Chinese population. Methods A total of 1768 subjects were enrolled from Shanghai, China. They were divided into two groups according to the Pooled Cohorts Equations model made by ACC/AHA as follows: low ASCVD risk (n = 992, 10-year ASCVD risk <7.5%) and high ASCVD risk (n = 776, 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5%). The baseline characteristics were obtained via the use of a questionnaire. Measurement of baPWV, laboratory tests, and echocardiography were conducted by trained physicians. The relationship between baPWV and 10-year ASCVD risk was evaluated using multiple logistic regression model and generalized additive model. Results The mean age of the subjects was 58.89±8.60 years, 32.69% of which were male. Non-linear relationship analysis revealed threshold effects between baPWV and 10-year ASCVD risk in which a baPWV of approximately 16 m/s might be the threshold effect of 10-year ASCVD risk. After multivariable adjustment, logistic-regression analysis demonstrated that ankle-brachial index (ABI) (OR 5.28, 95% CI 1.20–12.23) and baPWV (OR 9.09, 95% CI 6.84–12.07) were independently correlated with 10-year ASCVD risk. The AUC for baPWV for predicting 10-year ASCVD risk was 0.80 (95% CI 0.78–0.82). Conclusion Increased baPWV as an indicator of arterial stiffness correlates strongly with 10-year ASCVD risk in general middle-aged and elderly populations. The association between baPWV and 10-year ASCVD risk is not purely linear but non-linear. Subjects with baPWV above 16 m/s are more likely to encounter a higher 10-year ASCVD risk.
Miniaturised dual-band branch-line coupler

A novel topology of a miniaturised dual-band branch-line coupler with a 3 dB power split is presented. The compact design is achieved by folding the transmission line sections into the interior of a circuit. The initial dimensions are obtained at the equivalent circuit level. Design closure is conducted at the electromagnetic-simulation model level. The coupler operates on frequencies of 1 and 2 GHz, and features miniaturisation of 75% compared with the conventional structure. Experimental validation of the fabricated prototype is provided.
Volumetric recombination in EMC3-EIRENE: Implementation and first application to the pre-fusion power operation phase in ITER

An upgrade to the 3D plasma boundary model EMC3-EIRENE for detached divertor plasmas is introduced and evaluated. Stabilization of the iterative approximation of a self-consistent plasma–neutral gas solution is required at low divertor plasma temperatures, and this has been achieved by linearization of the energy loss term associated with the electron–neutral gas interaction. An implicit method for volumetric recombination has been implemented, which improves agreement with SOLPS-ITER results for the pre-fusion power operation phase in ITER. Resonant magnetic perturbations for control of edge localized modes are found to result in a partially detached divertor plasma with a significantly broader reduction of particle loads in the traditional strike zone, which is attributed to volumetric recombination. The additional non-axisymmetric far scrape-off layer strike points, on the other hand, remain attached at relatively high temperature so that volumetric recombination is not effective there.
The Year of Enduring COVID-19: Typology of Attitudes Displayed by Health Care Professionals in Ukraine

Aim. Identification and construction of the typology of attitudes of health care professionals in Ukraine to the current COVID-19 situation and vaccination process. Methods. Transcripts of 49 semi-structured interviews subjected to thematic analysis constituted the subject matter of the analysis. On the basis of the categories identified within the thematic analysis process, a typology was developed, with due account of two parameters: the idea about the origin of the virus: artificial or natural, and the attitude of the informants to the policy (implementation of policy decisions) chosen by the authorities to fight the virus. Combination of these two parameters gives four standpoints—types of attitude of health care professionals to the risks associated with COVID-19. Results and conclusion. Analysis of the results has enabled to outline the problem field for assessing the risk of COVID-19, which includes three topics, as well as to point out four typical standpoints in the attitude displayed by health care professionals that are marked as “magical thinking,” “technological thinking,” “negativistic thinking,” “critical thinking. ” Originality. The research was conducted during the third wave of coronavirus in Ukraine, therefore, it reflects the analysed opinions of health care professionals about the threat of COVID-19 and vaccination process. The fact that the research was performed using qualitative methods ensured focusing on subjective peculiarities of the perception of changes in the COVID-19 situation.
RF Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications

Linear PA Design. Conventional High-Efficiency Amplifier Modes. Class AB PAs at GHz Frequencies. Practical Design of Class AB PAs. Overdrive and the Class F Mode. Switching Mode Amplifiers for RF Applications. Switching PA Modes at GHz Frequencies. Signals, Modulation Systems, and PA Nonlinearities. Efficiency Enhancement Techniques. Power Amplifier Bias Circuit Design. Power Amplifier Architecture. PA Linearization Techniques.