Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The positive cone in Banach algebras

This paper concerns Banach algebras which are real or * algebras and possess a unit. The principal method of at.tack is via an ordering of the algebra, the positive cone being the closure of the set of sums of squares (sums of elements xx*) in contrast to the positive open cone used by Raikov [9] (3) and others. An important role is played by an identity on norms, which together with a few preliminary lemmas is proved in ? 1. In ? 2 the real homomorphisms of a real commutative algebra are found to be the extreme points of the intersection of the dual cone and the unit sphere in the adjoint of the algebra, and the "real radical" is shown to consist of elements x such that -x2 is approximately a sum of squares. The theorem of Arens [1] characterizing real function algebras is derived. In ? 3 and 4 these results are applied to * algebras. The new norm of an element x, which Gelfand and Naimark [3] introduced by means of positive functionals, is proved to be the square root of the distance from -xx* to the positive cone. Some results relating general * algebras to operator algebras, including the representation theorem of Gelfand and Naimark [2], are derived. In ? 5, a refinement of the basic identity is established for the Fourier transform of a measure (discrete + absolutely continuous) on a locally compact Abelian group. R. V. Kadison [5 ] has recently investigated Banach algebras by means of an order relation. The positive cone he uses is identical with that used here only when 1 +xx* always has an inverse. The principal overlap with Kadison's work, outside of the deduction of certain known theorems by order methods, seems to be the geometric characterization of the real homomorphisms of a real algebra (see 2.1). Like Kadison's work, this paper is essentially self-contained. (Some notable exceptions occur in ? 5.) 1. Preliminaries. 1.1. DEFINITIONS. A set C is a cone in a real Banach space R if it is closed, nonvoid, the sum of two members of C is a member of C, and non-negative scalar multiples of members of C are members of C. If C is a cone in R, then C', the dual cone, is the set of bounded linear functionals which are non
A Study on the Intention of Tourists Who Visiting Rainbow Village

For understanding the intention of tourists who travel Rainbow Village, this research applies the theory of planned behavior to study the tourists’ visiting behavior. The questionnaire was distributed and collected in Rainbow village based on a purposive sampling method. The results indicate that the tourists’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control have positive effect on their intention respectively. The construct of attitudes has a complete mediation effect on the subjective norms to the intention. Perceived behavioral control has a partial mediation effect on construct of subjective norms to the intention. According to semi-structure questions result, tourists prefer the authority could provide convenient city bus and friendly restroom as well as children play ground, moreover to keeping genuine painting style help sustainable tourism development of the village.
Notewise: a case study in migrating desktop applications to the web

Introduction This thesis discusses the process of rewriting the personal knowledge management application Popcorn as a web application, using AJAX. It will first give a brief overview of the idea of the personal knowledge base, going on to describe Popcorn, an initial implementation of a desktop personal knowledge base. It will then go on to discuss some limitations of Popcorn, and the improvements made in those areas in Notewise, a web based version of Popcorn. It will then go on to discuss the challenges faced in building Notewise, and the solutions that were found. In particular, it will discuss a library built to draw vector lines by stretching diagonal images, and JSDBI, a library that provides object mapping for REST web APIS in javascript – both these libraries proved to be very valuable parts to the Notewise architecture. Lastly, it will take a brief look at early user feedback and reflections on the strengths and weaknesses of the Notewise architecture. The personal knowledge base[5] represents a refinement of many core ideas in the area of knowledge management. A personal knowledge base allows an individual to store their own knowledge in ways that closely mimics the way they think about it in their mind. Its purpose is to provide the individual a flexible but powerful framework to collect, organize, refine, and store their own thoughts. The personal knowledge base can be broken down into three core ideas: 3 ● Personal-It is intended not as a means to publish or communicate ideas to others, but rather as a personal storage and retrieval system. It is only editable and viewable by the owner, and stores concepts in the manner that they think about them. ● Knowledge – It stores knowledge, as opposed to information. That is, it only stores the knowledge that a user has obtained from the things they've encountered, as opposed to storing everything they encounter. ● Base-The human mind stores knowledge based on associations between pieces of knowledge. Any piece of knowledge can be connected to any other piece of knowledge. Thus, a personal knowledge base must allow linking between any two concepts. To make this possible, the individual must be encouraged to incorporate all of their knowledge in one, unpartitioned data store. Popcorn The prototype personal knowledge base system proposed by Davies (called Popcorn [5]) also makes a distinction between supporting the long term memory and supporting the short …
Competitividad internacional: evolución y lecciones

Intenta caracterizar esquematicamente la situacion imperante en los paises avanzados, en relacion con la reestructuracion productiva e incorporacion de progreso tecnico. Para este efecto, examina los diferentes factores que explican el proceso, poniendo enfasis en el tema de la competitividad internacional.
Performance Evaluation of a Randomized Input Vector for Square Root Function between Single-threaded and Multi-threaded OpenMP Implementations

Parallel processors have been the recent trend in the mainstream computing market. But taking advantage of multiple processors is still a challenge since most algorithms are written in a sequential-based manner. An example of a sequential algorithm that is commonly used and implemented is the "square root extraction. " Recently, the popularity of inverse square root in the image processing community poses even more computational challenge due to large amount of data inputs. In this paper, the problem of square root extraction on a large data input was addressed using a parallel-based algorithm in OpenMP. The algorithm used varying amounts of thread count and scheduling methods to handle the square root operations then it was executed in a parallel for loop statement. Results showed that the optimum parallel implementation was more than four times its serial counterpart given that the input vector of 20,000 elements is executed in a four physical core (8 logical core) shared memory platform processor. It is also important to note that using too few (i.e. threads lesser than the physical core count) or too many (i.e. threads equal to the input vector) would drastically reduce performance. In this study, a 1:16 logical core count to thread ratio is the optimum. The efficiency of multi-threaded operation using static and guided scheduling is 55.57% and 54.60%, respectively.
Production and Purification of Heparin Degrading Enzyme from Bacillus Cereus upon Biodegradation of Domestic Chicken Slaughter Byproducts

A Bacillus cereus strain was isolated from Egyptian soil area after a rapid screening in Menufia governorate to select heparinase hyper-producing microbes. The strain gave an enzyme production of 159.6 U/ml after 192 hours of incubation on PYH medium. Chicken slaughter byproducts were used as a supplement for production of pharmaceutical heparinase. The environmental waste was used with different concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) to optimize the process of bioremediation. Enzyme production was gave maximum when using a waste percentage of 15%. Optimum production of the extracellular enzyme was obtained at pH 9.5 and 37 o C. Produced enzyme was determined both biochemically and electrochemically in the microbial liquid culture to evaluate the efficiency of the polyion detection method in enzyme detection and both methods gave a similar results. Extracellular heparinase enzyme was purified with gel filtration. Specific activity of the purified enzyme reached 152.12 (U/mg).
Model-Based: End-to-End Molecular Communication System Through Deep Reinforcement Learning Auto Encoder

Molecular communication (MC) system is an emerging technology for nanoscale networks. Therefore, there is a requirement to develop a new end-to-end MC model, which may deliver new perceptions into the aspect of these nanoscale networks. This paper aims to implement the MC framework as an end-to-end deep reinforcement learning (DRL) auto encoder (AE). The technique enables training of the MC system without any information about the actual channel (medium) model. For training the receiver and transmitter, the proposed techniques are supervised learning and DRL, respectively. The results show that the performance of the DRL autoencoder (AE) based system achieves nearly the same performance as the traditional modulation and demodulation methods in term of bit-error-rate (BER) under the Gaussian noise channel but with less complexity. The proposed technique can also be joint with the other coding methods to improve their performance.
Flexural capacity prediction for reinforced concrete beams by group method of data handling approach

Application of group method of data handling (GMDH) to predict the capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP laminate has been investigated in this paper. The proposed model considers nine parameters including concrete compressive strength, width of beam, effective depth, area of tension reinforcement, area of compression reinforcement, yield strength of steel, modulus of elasticity of steel, width of CFRP sheet, length of CFRP sheet. There are fourteen-second order polynomials in three middle layers and an output layer. The coefficients of these polynomials are determined based on a collection of experimental laboratory tests, which were collected from the literature. Also, 66 datasets were used to estimate unknown coefficients of the polynomials. To validate the model, 17 datasets were considered from the collected database. The results of the proposed GMDH showed that it could use as a predictive model for determining the ultimate flexural capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP laminates.
Ferrous iron folds rRNA and mediates translation

Ferrous iron folds rRNA and mediates translation Marcus S. Braya*, Tim K. Lenzb*, Jessica C. Bowmanb, Anton S. Petrovb, Amit R. Reddib, Nicholas V. Hudb, Loren Dean Williamsb,1 and Jennifer B. Glassc,1 aSchool of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, USA, 30332 bSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta GA, USA, 30332 cSchool of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA, US, 30332
Approving Job Profiles for Curriculum Profiles in Heafth-care Programs. a Study on Process and Product Quality. 1992

A study evaluated the approach used for validation of job profiles for curriculum development in three health care programs in the Netherlands: dietetics, podotherapy, and activity therapy. It also evaluated the quality of these job profiles and the relation between process and product quality. The validation approach used was a practical application of a small group strategy that consisted of three parts: information, deliberation, and consensus. Data were used from three cases. In these cases, 12, 10, and 11 persons with health care institutions or educational institutions were present. Six -,lestionnaires collected data on the following: (1) personal characteristics, motives and expectations, the information document, and the draft job profile; (2) opinions on issues and erpected consensus; (3) communication rules; (4) the decision-making process; (5) consensus on components of and opinions on the quality of the validated job profile; and (6) evaluation of the validation approach. Findings indicated that the validation approach was satisfying. Although t*Iere was a considerable amount of prior agreement with the draft job profile components, the validation sessions created an even greater agreement with the final job profile components. The validation approach was also satisfying with regard to product quality. The process quality was scored less positively. The study showed that process and product quality were significantly related. (Appendixes include a list of 19 references and 5 data tables.) (YLB) ******P*****************A*************************** ***** ********0***** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. gli*****************x****************************************************
Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Varistor Response

We present, in this paper, a non-conservative approach for building reliable magnetic field sensors based on the resistive and magnetoresistive responses of a varistor diode. These sensors can be built on a ceramic platform of a material which is a solid solution of the ilmenite–hematite consisting of 55 moles% ilmenite, FeTiO<sub>3</sub>, and 45 mole% of hematite, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. This material is abbreviated as IHC 45. These sensors would be suitable for many applications in which a semiconductor Hall effect sensor is currently used. In addition, our ceramic sensors would be suitable for applications in high temperature, energy exploration and well logging, and radiation-dominant environments. The resistive mode sensor is expected to operate reliably and efficiently over the range of 0<H<4000 Oe and presumably beyond. In the magnetoresistive mode, it should operate satisfactorily for 500<H<4000 Oe range. Their sensitivity is highly current dependent. In its resistive mode, the sensor has the sensitivity of 107.4 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/Oe at 0.5 mA which drops to a value of 24.2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/Oe at 2 mA. In the magnetoresistive mode, the sensor has the sensitivity of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$142.6~\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/ln(Oe) and it is 15.6 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/Oe at 2 mA. The magnetoresistive mode device also exhibits at room temperature a relatively large magnetoresistive ratio (MR%) of 57% at the modest field of just 4000 Oe making it potentially an attractive candidate for applications in spintronics and magneto-electronics.
Asymmetric straight-through microchannel arrays made of aluminum for producing monodisperse O/W emulsions

Abstract The aim of this study was to stably produce monodisperse food-grade oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions using an asymmetric straight-through microchannel (MC) array that is microfabricated on an aluminum chip. Circular MCs of the inlet side were fabricated using a microdrilling process, while microslots of the outlet side were fabricated by electric discharge machining. We used refined soybean oil as the dispersed phase and a Milli-Q water solution containing 1 wt% Tween 20 as the continuous phase. An aluminum MC array with a circular MC diameter (dMC) of 116.9 μm produced monodisperse O/W emulsion droplets with an average diameter (dav) of about 300 μm and coefficients of variation (CVs) below 4%, whereas an aluminum MC array with 82.1 μm diameter stably generated monodisperse O/W emulsion droplets with dav of about 150 μm and CVs below 4%. The dav of the produced oil droplets was affected by the dimensions of asymmetric straight-through MCs. Monodisperse O/W emulsions were successfully generated below the critical dispersed-phase flow rate, with little variation in dav and CV values. The force balance during droplet generation was also analyzed for discussing the results for the effect of the dispersed-phase flow rate.
A Question of Necessity or of Equity? Full-Service Community Schools and the (mis)Education of Black Youth

Abstract Public schools in the United States have struggled to determine whether their mandate is simply knowledge transmission or includes the development and well-being of the whole child. Contemporary realities of resegregation and inequality have prompted many districts to embrace this latter notion and consider the Full Service Community Schools (FSCSs) model. In this paper, we examine a school district’s FSCS initiative as implemented at a predominately Black middle school and a racially heterogeneous high school. We ask, what are the characteristics—e.g. structural, pedagogical, relational, discursive—of FSCSs that seek to support Black students’ well-being and academic success? How do Black parents and students experience these FSCSs? Findings illustrate the racialized nuance of FSCS reforms, including the critical role of culturally relevant strategies and the need for an aligned sociopolitical clarity and related set of goals across educational stakeholders in order to create and sustain the success of FSCSs.
Dynamics Analysis and Control of a Bird Scale Underactuated Flapping-Wing Vehicle

In this paper, the dynamics modeling, analysis, and control of bird scale flapping-wing vehicles (FWVs) are investigated. On the basis of quasi-steady-state aerodynamic theory, the dynamics model of the FWV with flat plate wings is presented. By qualitatively analyzing the properties of the dynamics and quantitatively analyzing the relationships between the inputs and outputs of the FWV, a saturated feedback controller based on dynamic compensators is proposed. By theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and prototype experiments, the modeling method and the stability of the presented controller have been verified.
Ecological diversity of algae in the Alakol Lake Natural Reserve, Kazakhstan

Alakol Lake is a unique protected natural water body with a gradient of salinity in which algal diversity has never been studied before our research. We revealed 208 algal species from five taxonomic Divisions during 2016-2017 studies. Diatom species were strongly prevailing in the 29 studied communities of the lake. Statistical methods revealed a high correlation between the intensity of algae development and the number of species in the community, as well as the high individuality of the algae communities at the three studied sites on the CCA. The applied analysis of the distribution of taxonomic divisions and indicator categories using statistical maps showed that euglenoid species, which mostly correlated with organic matter input, are distributed in the lake from the Rybachje settlement. A mapping of bioindication groups revealed an influence of hidden and inflowing rivers Urzhar and Zhamanty as sources of organic pollution. This conclusion can be made on statistical mapping only in addition to bioindication results because environment variables usually are limited. This assessment of protected lake can serve as a reference for future investigation of the Alakol Lake as well as can help to plan a set of stations for monitoring. K e y w o r d s : algae, bioindication, CCA, ecological mapping, organic pollution, Alakol Lake, Kazakhstan
A New Protection Scheme for MMC-Based MVdc Distribution Systems With Complete Converter Fault Current Handling Capability

DC fault handling is a critical aspect for designing and operating dc distribution systems. DC distribution protection must be rapid to avoid the damages caused by the fast growth of dc fault currents. For medium-voltage dc (MVdc) distribution systems, low-cost high-speed dc breakers are still challenging. A hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based dc fault protection and restoration method is proposed for a cost-effective dc fault protection solution for MMC-based MVdc systems. In the proposed protection solution, the converter topology and associated fault handling can bypass and interrupt the fault currents from both ac and dc sources, and thus allowing fast dc fault isolation by low-cost no-load dc disconnectors. Furthermore, the proposed dc protection solution facilitates converter fault ride-through and system restoration after fault removal. Simulation results of the pole-to-pole fault protection show the satisfactory performance of the proposed protection solution and scheme.
Deontic authority in intervention discourse: Insights from bystander intervention

Our study offers a linguistic–pragmatic examination of instances of bystander intervention, a social action that takes place when a bystander or a group of bystanders intervenes when a wrongdoer abuses a victim or behaves outside socially acceptable norms. We approach this social phenomenon by analyzing data drawn from a database of 11 video-recordings that all involve naturally occurring interactions in public settings in China. The notion of intervention discourse is tentatively introduced in this study to distinguish it from those used to achieve other communicative purposes and to disclose some recurrent patterns of language use in bystander intervention. The data analysis summarizes six categories of intervention discourse along the continuum of strong to weak intervention: terminating, consequence-stating, advising, judging, appealing and stance-taking. Our study demonstrates that the skillful exercise of deontic authority embodied in intervention discourse might have a tangible influence on the outcome of the intervention.
Assessment of the Impact of a Heterogeneous Stator on the Noise of an Axial-Flow Low Mach-number Stage

Miguel Pestana 1,2,3 (a), Marlène Sanjosé 3 (b), Michel Roger 2 (c), Stéphane Moreau 3 (d), Mathieu Gruber 1 (e) 1Département Aérodynamique et Aéroacoustique Safran Aircraft Engines, 77550 Moissy Cramayel, France 2Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d’Acoustique, UMR CNRS 5509 École Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69134 Écully Cedex, France 3Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke, J1K2R1, QC, Canada
Rheological characterisation of filled materials: a review.

This report presents a review of measurement methods for the rheological, or flow, properties of filled materials focusing on polymeric materials and in particular on the measurement of slip flow that occurs in filled materials, predominantly through the development of a lubricating layer adjacent to the wall of the flow channel. It also describes models used for predicting the effect of filler on the viscosity of materials and presents the basis for unification of flow curves. The modelling and unification of flow curves can be used to facilitate the prediction and measurement of the rheological behaviour of materials.