Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arrival of extremely volatile-rich high-Mg magmas changes explosivity of Mount Etna

The volcanic hazard potential of Mount Etna volcano is currently nourished by long-lasting, powerful eruptions of basaltic magmas coupled with increased seismicity and ground deformation, and the world's largest discharge of volcanic gases. The current evolutionary cycle of Mount Etna activity is consistent with subduction-related chemical modifications of the mantle source. Arrival of a new mantle-derived magma batch beneath the volcano has been hypothesized, but is still elusive among the erupted products. Here we demonstrate petrological and geochemical affinities between the magmas supplying modern eruptions and high-Mg, fall-stratified (FS) basalts ejected violently similar to 4 k.y. ago. The FS primitive magmas (similar to 13 wt% MgO) are characteristically volatile enriched (at least 3.8 wt% H2O and 3300 ppm CO2), and bear a trace element signature of a garnet-bearing, metasomatized source (high Gd/Yb, K/La, U/Nb, Pb/Ce, Ca/Al). They started crystallizing olivine (Fo(91)), clinopyroxene (Mg# 92.5), and Cr spinel deep in the plumbing system (> 5 kbar), contributing to the cumulate piles at depth and to differentiated alkaline basalt and trachybasalt magmas in the shallow conduit. Continuous influx of mantle-derived, volatile-rich magmas, such as those that supplied the FS fallout, provides a good explanation for major compositional and eruptive features of Mount Etna.
The Reduced Parzen Classifier

The Parzen density estimate is known to be an effective tool for estimating the Bayes error, given a set of training samples from the class distributions. An algorithm is developed to select a given number of representative samples whose Parzen density estimate closely matches that of the entire sample set. Using this reduced representative set, a piecewise quadratic classifier which provides nearly optimal performance is designed. >
A low power MAC protocol for wireless sensor monitoring network

this paper presents an adaptive MAC protocol applying to battery powered wireless senor monitoring network, which could tolerate a certain amount of packet loss but require long lifetime. We are interested in the tradeoff between power consumption and a certain amount of packet loss which application could tolerate. The adaptive MAC protocol, which would choose pure Aloha based transmission or CSMA based technique according to present packet loss rate, was proposed to reduce energy consumption. Analytical expressions were deduced to evaluate the energy consumption and packet loss rate. And a brief performance comparison with classic pure aloha was given.
Lineage-specific gene expression in the sea urchin embryo.

Within a few days of fertilization, the sea urchin embryo develops into a small differentiated organism consisting of about 1800 cells and capable of feeding, swimming, and the further ontogenic transformations required in the succeeding weeks of larval growth. A number of distinct cell lineages that are clearly specialized at the morphological and functional levels can be discerned in the advanced embryo, and many of these can be traced back to particular sets of early blastomeres. Classical cell lineage and experimental studies (Horstadius 1939; for review, see Angerer and Davidson 1984) have shown that certain of these lineages appear to be specified, at least in part, in consequence of the maternal components inherited in those regions of egg cytoplasm occupied by their progenitor cells. Specification of others among the early cell lineages clearly depends on inductive interactions that occur between blastomeres during cleavage. For the molecular biologist, as for his predecessors, this rapidly developing and simply constructed embryo offers the advantages of experimental accessibility. Thus, in respect to direct molecular-level analyses of gene activity in the embryo, for both specific genes and overall transcript populations and their protein products, the sea urchin is at present the best known embryonic system (e.g., reviews of Hentschel and Birnstiel 1981; Davidson et al. 1982; Angerer and Davidson 1984).
Allergic contact dermatitis to drometrizole trisiloxane in a sunscreen with concomitant sensitivities to other sun screens

Case Report A 59-year-old non-atopic woman presented with an eczematous rash that had erupted 5 days after she had returned home from a holiday in the Canary Islands. The rash, which started on her legs and back, had spread extensively and resulted in her needing 4 days of inpatient care. Patch testing, using an extended British Contact Dermatitis Society standard series and also a cosmetic and a textile series, was negative. Photopatch testing (5 J/cm UVA), using a combination of commercially available photoallergens supplied by Trolab (Hermac, Reinbek, Germany) and Chemotechnique (Crawford Pharmaceuticals, Milton Keynes, UK), showed a positive result for benzophenone 4 (D2/D4) on the irradiated skin only. 2 of the patient’s sunscreens were also photopatch tested undiluted: there were positive (+) reactions at D4 to both products on the non-irradiated and irradiated skin, the D2 reactions being ? +. The ingredients of the patient’s 2 sunscreens, referred to as A and B, were further investigated. Neither sunscreen listed benzophenone 4 as an ingredient but both contained several UV filters. Photopatch testing with the ingredients of A showed positive (+) reactions to drometrizole trisiloxane (2.5% alcohol) at D4 on both nonirradiated and irradiated skin, consistent with a non-photoallergic positive reaction. There were ? + reactions at D2 to this UV filter with negative reactions at D2 and D4 to all of the other 24 ingredients. There were no positive results when the ingredients of sunscreen B were similarly tested. Patch testing with the drometrizole trisiloxane in 15 control patients gave negative reactions only at D2 and D4.
Clinical utility of a next generation sequencing panel assay for Marfan and Marfan‐like syndromes featuring aortopathy

Aortopathy can be defined as aortic dilation, aneurysm, dissection, and tortuosity. Familial aortopathy may occur secondary to fibrillin‐1 (FBN1) mutations in the setting of Marfan syndrome, or may occur as a result of other genetic defects with different, but occasionally overlapping, phenotypes. Because of the phenotypic overlap and genetic heterogeneity of disorders featuring aortopathy, we developed a next generation sequencing (NGS) assay and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array to detect mutations in 10 genes that cause thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). Here, we report on the clinical and molecular findings in 175 individuals submitted for aortopathy panel testing at ARUP laboratories. Ten genes associated with heritable aortopathies were targeted using hybridization capture prior to sequencing. NGS results were analyzed, and variants were confirmed using Sanger sequencing. Array CGH was used to detect copy‐number variation. Of 175 individuals, 18 had a pathogenic mutation and 32 had a variant of uncertain significance (VUS). Most pathogenic mutations (72%) were identified in FBN1. A novel large SMAD3 duplication and FBN1 deletion were identified. Over half who had TAAs or other aortic involvement tested negative for a mutation, suggesting that additional aortopathy genes exist. We anticipate that the clinical sensitivity of at least 10.3% will rise with VUS reclassification and as additional genes are identified and included in the panel. The aortopathy NGS panel aids in the timely molecular diagnosis of individuals with disorders featuring aortopathy and guides proper treatment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mutants of Salmonella typhimurium deficient in an endoprotease

Three bands of hydrolytic activity toward the chromogenic protease substrate N-acetyl-DL-phenylalanine beta-naphthyl ester (NAPNE) can be observed after gel electrophoresis of crude extracts of Salmonella typhimurium or Escherichia coli. Mutants deficient in one of these three activities have been isolated using a staining procedure that identifies colonies that show reduced ability to hydrolyze NAPNE. These mutants lack the strongest of the three bands of activity. The Salmonella mutations (designated apeA) are all co-transducible with purE, and the order (pro)-apeA-Hfr K17 origin-purE has been established. Strains carrying apeA mutations have wild-type doubling times. None of the apeA mutants isolated gains an auxotrophic requirement as a result of loss of the apeA gene product. The rates and extents of protein degradation during starvation for a carbon source or during growth after exposure to the amino acid analogue canavanine do not seem to be affected by apeA mutations. Revertants of apeA mutations (selected by screening for clones that have regained the ability to hydrolyze NAPNE) frequently contain a new enzymatic activity not found in wild-type cells.
ARSENITE PRETREATMENT ATTENUATES BENZO[a]PYRENE CYTOTOXICITY IN A HUMAN LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA CELL LINE BY DECREASING CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 LEVELS

Both simultaneous and sequential exposure to arsenite and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) potentially occur in human populations drinking arsenic-contaminated water or burning arsenic-contaminated coal. Although arsenite and BaP are both well-documented hazardous substances and human carcinogens, interactions between these two agents have not been well defined. In this study, we demonstrated that posttreatment with arsenite synergistically enhanced the cytotoxicity of BaP for a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, CL3. In contrast, pretreatment of CL3 cells with arsenite attenuated BaP cytotoxicity. Involvement of heat-shock protein 70 and heme oxygenase-1 in this arsenite-mediated attenuation of BaP cytotoxicity was ruled out. Our data also indicated that arsenite pretreatment did not affect the BaP-mediated induction of CYP1A1, the initial enzyme involved in its metabolic activation, but did result in a significant decrease in mRNA and protein levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is required to convert the BaP metabolite BaP 7,8-dihydrodiol to the ultimate epoxide. In contrast to the high susceptibility of CL3 cells to BaP, the human lung carcinoma cells, H460, and CL3R15 cells (arsenic-resistant CL3 cells) showed normal CYP1A1 inducibility by BaP, had negligible amounts of COX-2, and were highly resistant to BaP. The involvement of COX-2 in BaP activation was confirmed by transfection of H460 cells with a recombinant adenovirus, Ad-pgk-Cox2, coding for COX-2, which resulted in a significant increase in the levels of the COX-2 product prostaglandin E 2 in the medium and in the susceptibility of H460 cells to BaP. The present study confirms the importance of COX-2 in BaP activation and demonstrates that the arsenite-mediated attenuation of BaP cytotoxicity is mediated by a reduction in COX-2 levels.
A Hornblende Basalt from Western Mexico: Water-saturated Phase Relations Constrain a Pressure---Temperature Window of Eruptibility

Trachybasalt scoria from a cinder cone near the Mexican volcanic front contain phenocrysts of olivine with chromite inclusions, apatite, augite and hornblende, with microphenocrysts of plagioclase. The water-saturated phase relations reproduce the phenocryst assemblage between 1040 C and 970 C with water contents of between 2 5 and 4 5%(50---150MPa). The absence of biotite phenocrysts in the scoria places a tight constraint on the pressure---temperature conditions of phenocryst equilibration, as there is only a small zone where biotite does not accompany hornblende in the experiments. Diluting the fluid phase with CO2 changes the composition of the olivine, indicating that CO2 was only a minor component of the fluid of the scoria. Hornblende is stable to 1040 C at oxygen fugacities of NNO  2 (where NNO is the nickel---nickel oxide buffer), but at lower oxygen fugacities, the upper limit is 990 C. There is a progressive increase in crystallinity in experimental runs as both pressure and temperature decrease. Isobaric plots of crystallinity show that the onset of hornblende crystallization involves a reaction relation, and also results in a marked 15---40 vol.% increase in crystallinity. Ascending hydrous magmas intersecting the cooler crust could be trapped there by the large increase in crystallinity accompanying the isobaric crystallization of hornblende.
First satellite‐detected perturbations of outgoing longwave radiation associated with blowing snow events over Antarctica

We present the first satellite‐detected perturbations of the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) associated with blowing snow events over the Antarctic ice sheet using data from Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization and Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System. Significant cloud‐free OLR differences are observed between the clear and blowing snow sky, with the sign and magnitude depending on season and time of the day. During nighttime, OLRs are usually larger when blowing snow is present; the average difference in OLRs between without and with blowing snow over the East Antarctic Ice Sheet is about −5.2 W/m2 for the winter months of 2009. During daytime, in contrast, the OLR perturbation is usually smaller or even has the opposite sign. The observed seasonal variations and day‐night differences in the OLR perturbation are consistent with theoretical calculations of the influence of blowing snow on OLR. Detailed atmospheric profiles are needed to quantify the radiative effect of blowing snow from the satellite observations.
What does it take to implement open innovation? Towards an integrated capability framework

Purpose In a world of ever-changing corporate environments and reduced product life cycles, most organizations cannot afford anymore to innovate on their own. Hence, they open their innovation processes to incorporate knowledge of external sources and to increase their innovation potential. As the shift toward open innovation (OI) is difficult and makes many initiatives fail, the question arises which capabilities organizations should develop to successfully implement OI. As the literature encompasses mature but isolated streams on OI capabilities, there is a need for an integrated capability framework. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes the open innovation capability framework (OICF) that compiles and structures capabilities relevant for implementing OI. The OICF covers the outside-in and coupled processes of OI. To integrate multiple streams of the OI literature, the OICF builds on a structured literature review. The OICF was also validated in a two-step review process with OI experts from academia and industry. Findings The OICF comprises 23 capability areas grouped along the factors such as strategic alignment, governance, methods, information technology, people, and culture. To analyze the existing body of knowledge on OI capabilities, the authors compare the OICF with other OI-related capability frameworks and compile a heatmap based on the results of the literature review. The authors also discuss the experts’ feedback on individual factors of the OICF as well as on interdependencies among these factors. Practical implications The OICF provides practitioners with a structured overview of the capabilities to consider when implementing OI. Based on the OICF, practitioners can define the scope of their OI initiatives. They can use the OICF as a foundation for prioritizing, selecting, and operationalizing capability areas as well as for deriving implementation roadmaps. Originality/value The OICF is the first framework to take a holistic perspective on OI capabilities. It integrates mature but isolated research streams of OI. It helps practitioners define the scope of OI initiatives and academics gain insights into the current state of the art on OI capabilities.
A meiotic mutant affecting recombination in female Drosophila melanogaster.

mei-S282 is a female meiotic mutant isolated from a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. It is a recessive mutation located at approximately map position 5 on the third chromosome which has two major effects. It causes a nonuniform decrease in recombination which is most drastic in distal chromosome regions and nondisjunction of all chromosome pairs is elevated at the first meiotic division. Nondisjunctional events are positively correlated; furthermore, nondisjoining chromosomes, themselves nonrecombinant, are preferentially recovered from cells in which nonhomologs are preferentially recovered from cells in which nonhomologs are also non-recombinant. -It is concluded that mei-S282 is a defect which occurs early in meiosis I prior to the time of exchange. In the mutant, the frequency of no-exchange tetrads for each of the major chromosomes is increased-and in cells which contain two or more no-exchange tetrads, an interaction between these chromosomes leads to correlated nondisjunction. mei-S282(+) then, is an exchange precondition necessary for the normal frequency and distribution of exchanges.
Lipid‐altering efficacy of ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/40 mg compared with doubling the statin dose in patients admitted to the hospital for a recent coronary event: the INFORCE study

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety profile of switching to ezetimibe/simvastatin (Eze/Simva) 10/40 mg compared with doubling the statin dose upon discharge in patients taking a statin and admitted to the hospital for the investigation of a coronary event.
Synchronization techniques for multiple-input multiple-output OFDM systems

In this paper, we propose an effective synchronization scheme for MIMO-OFDM systems, where three stages are included: coarse time acquisition, fractional carrier frequency offset estimation, and fine time acquisition. The proposed coarse time acquisition method is accomplished by cross-correlating the received signal and the cyclic prefix part of the corresponding training sequence. The proposed coarse time acquisition method is able to provide each transmit-receive branch with a dedicated acquisition instant. With these acquisition instants, the proposed fractional carrier frequency offset estimator first estimates the frequency offset of each transmit-receive branch based on cyclic prefix, and then properly combines all estimates to form a more accurate result. The fine time acquisition stage is similar to the coarse time acquisition stage, except that the cross-correlation function is computed based on the received signal and the whole training sequence (without the cyclic prefix part). Computer simulation results show that, through the proposed coarse time acquisition method and the proposed fractional carrier frequency offset estimation method, significant performance gain can be obtained for frequency offset estimation. In addition, the proposed coarse-to-fine time acquisition estimator is able to provide accurate and comparable timing estimates regardless of the number of transmit antennas.
Z LINKAGE OF FEMALE PROMISCUITY GENES IN THE MOTH UTETHEISA ORNATRIX: SUPPORT FOR THE SEXY‐SPERM HYPOTHESIS?

Female preference genes for large males in the highly promiscuous moth Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) have previously been shown to be mostly Z‐linked, in accordance with the hypothesis that ZZ–ZW sex chromosome systems should facilitate Fisherian sexual selection. We determined the heritability of both female and male promiscuity in the highly promiscuous moth U. ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) through parent–offspring and grandparent–offspring regression analyses. Our data show that male promiscuity is not sex‐limited and either autosomal or sex‐linked whereas female promiscuity is primarily determined by sex‐limited, Z‐linked genes. These data are consistent with the “sexy‐sperm hypothesis,” which posits that multiple‐mating and sperm competitiveness coevolve through a Fisherian‐like process in which female promiscuity is a kind of mate choice in which sperm‐competitiveness is the trait favored in males. Such a Fisherian process should also be more potent when female preferences are Z‐linked and sex‐limited than when autosomal or not limited.
COMPARISON OF THREE METHODS OF RELEASING DNA FROM MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSP. PARATUBERCULOSIS CELLS

In the present study, three methods of releasing DNA from MAP cells were described. The first one consists in cell wall lysis with the use of sodium lauryl surface (SDS), NaOH and convertible application of low and high temperatures. In the second method, a mini bead-beater was used. In the third method, apart from using mini bead-beater DNA elution was performed additionally from the obtained dilution. The best results of DNA extraction from the MAP cells were obtained with the use of SDS and NaOH.
Relative risk regression models with inverse polynomials

The proportional hazards model assumes that the log hazard ratio is a linear function of parameters. In the current paper, we model the log relative risk as an inverse polynomial, which is particularly suitable for modeling bounded and asymmetric functions. The parameters estimated by maximizing the partial likelihood are consistent and asymptotically normal. The advantages of the inverse polynomial model over the ordinary polynomial model and the fractional polynomial model for fitting various asymmetric log relative risk functions are shown by simulation. The utility of the method is further supported by analyzing two real data sets, addressing the specific question of the location of the minimum risk threshold. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lipofilling of the atrophied lip in facial palsy patients.

AIM Patients affected by unilateral facial palsy often show partial or complete atrophy of the orbicularis oris. The lower hemilip on the affected side may have partial functional recover due to direct reinnervation stemming from the unaffected side. This explains why atrophy of the paralysed side is sometimes limited. Negative esthetic and functional findings include partial invisibility of the vermillion border due to lip inversion resulting from muscle flaccidity, asymmetry of the lower lip, oral incompetence, and speech and nutrition impairments of variable degree. In this study, we used Coleman lipofilling as a secondary and ancillary procedure to consolidate the results already obtained with dynamic reanimation, specifically aiming to reduce the volumetric loss due to atrophy of the orbicularis oris muscle. METHODS Eight patients underwent lipofilling to restore volumetric loss due to muscular denervation atrophy. Six of our patients were affected by inveterate facial palsy and one by an acute form of facial palsy. The last patient presented with high-grade bilateral upper lip atrophy due to Moebius syndrome. Two patients underwent a second lipofilling intervention. RESULTS The esthetic volume increase and the ameliorated lip competence were immediately noticeable after the first lipofilling, to great patient satisfaction. As a result of the variable rate of resorption over time of the grafted fat, it may be advisable to repeat the procedure in some patients to maximize results. CONCLUSION Lipofilling represents a useful and safe ancillary technique for camouflage of lower lip atrophy in paralysed patients.