Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building Positive Organizations: A Typology of Positive Psychology Interventions

Research indicates that Positive Psychology Interventions (PPIs) in the work context have a small positive impact on improving desirable work outcomes, and a small to moderate effect on reducing undesirable work outcomes, suggesting that the effects of PPIs are not trivial, but also not large. Whereas this may be related to the difficulty of changing oneself or one’s happiness levels, the relatively small effects of PPIs may also be due to the predominant use of one-off interventions instead of more structural interventions that reflect policy level commitment. Furthermore, since most PPIs tend to focus on the individual, one could question the long-term effectiveness of such interventions, especially when the work environment remains unchanged. In this manuscript, I introduce a typology of PPIs in organizations by distinguishing between the organizational level they target (the individual or group level), and between one-off and structural interventions. I argue that different types of interventions can strengthen each other, and that to make a sustainable contribution to the optimal functioning of workers, PPIs need to comprise a wide variety of one-off and structural interventions targeting both individuals and groups in organizations. Furthermore, I make suggestions for improving the long-term effectiveness of PPIs by drawing on the literature on transfer of training, nudging, and positive design.
Development and Application of the Placebo Response Model in Clinical Trials for Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome

This study aimed to develop a placebo response model for pharmaceutical clinical trials of primary Sjogren’s syndrome,and to quantitatively analyze the distribution and related factors influencing the placebo response to further optimize the design of clinical trials and evaluate the results of single-arm clinical trials. Public databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for reports on randomized placebo-controlled trials for Sjögren’s syndrome which used the change from baseline in ESSDAI score as the primary outcome. The model-based meta-analysis method was used to evaluate the time course and the related influencing factors of the placebo response for ESSDAI in such clinical trials. A virtual placebo control group was constructed based on the final placebo response model to determine the treatment efficacy of belimumab and cyclosporine A for primary Sjögren’s syndrome in a single-arm study. A total of 12 studies involving 450 subjects were included in the analysis. The established model described the time-course characteristics of the changes in ESSDAI score from the baseline in the 48 weeks placebo group. We found that the onset time of placebo response was approximately 12 weeks, and its efficacy plateaued at 48 weeks. The baseline ESSDAI score had a significant effect on the maximum value of the placebo response; the maximum value of the placebo response decreased by 0.552 for every 1 score rise in the baseline ESSDAI score. The efficacy of belimumab and cyclosporine A in the single-arm trial was comparable to that of the placebo response at the same baseline; no significant therapeutic advantage was observed. The placebo response model established in this study could provide a basis for designing clinical trials for primary Sjogren’s syndrome in the future. It may also provide a reliable external efficacy control standard for single-arm clinical trials.
Metabolic Risk Factors Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease in a Middle-Aged and Elderly Taiwanese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: This study aimed to quantify the proportion of participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated metabolic risk factors in a middle-aged and elderly population in Guishan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled residents aged 50–90 years living in one community. All participants received a standardized personal interview, including a structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and blood samples collected for laboratory testing. CKD was defined as the presence of kidney damage (urine albumin-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate the risk factors associated with CKD. Results: A total of 400 participants were enrolled. The overall proportion of participants with CKD was 20.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.54–24.46%). The proportions of participants with CKD among those aged 50–64, 65–74, and 75 years and over were 17.7, 18.8, and 35.7%, respectively (p = 0.01). Multiple logistic regression model revealed that elevated blood pressure (odds ratio [OR] = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.16–4.30), hyperglycemia (OR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.64–5.00), hyperuricemia (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.14–1.69), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.31–4.06) were significantly associated with CKD. Conclusions: The prevalence of CKD in the study population was high. Hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and metabolic syndrome are significantly associated with CKD in a middle-aged and elderly population in Taiwan.
Elevated Fasting Plasma Glucose Is Associated With an Increased Risk of MCI: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional state between normal elderly people and dementia, with a higher risk of dementia transition. The primary purpose of the current study was to investigate whether routine blood and blood biochemical markers could be used to predict the onset of MCI. Methods Data was obtained from the cohort study on brain health of the elderly in Shanghai. A total of 1015 community elders were included in the current study. Based on clinical evaluation and the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), these participants were divided into the MCI (n=444) and cognitively normal groups (n=571). Then we tested their fasting blood routine and blood biochemical indexes, and collected their general demographic data by using a standard questionnaire. Results By using binary logistic regression analysis and the ROC curve, we found that elevated fasting plasma glucose (p=0.025, OR=1.118, OR=1.014-1.233) was a risk factor for MCI. Conclusions Elevated fasting blood glucose may be a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment, but the above conclusions need to be verified by longitudinal studies.
Joint Entity and Relation Extraction from Scientific Documents: Role of Linguistic Information and Entity Types

Scientific articles contain various types of domain-specific entities and relations between them. The entities and their relations succinctly capture important information about the topic of the document and hence, they are crucial to the understanding and automatic analysis of the documents. In this paper, we aim to automatically extract entities and relations from a scientific abstract using a deep neural model. Given an input sentence, we use a pretrained transformer to produce contextual embeddings of the tokens which are then enriched with embeddings of their part-of-speech (POS) tags. A sequence of enriched token representations forms a span, and entities and relations are jointly learned over spans. Entity logits predicted by the entity classifier are used as features in the relation classifier. Our proposed model improves upon competitive baselines in the literature for entity and relation extraction on SciERC and ADE datasets.
A Corpus-based Syntactic Analysis of Two-termed Unlike Coordination

Coordination is a phenomenon of language that conjoins two or more terms or phrases using a coordinating conjunction. Although coordination has been explored extensively in the linguistics literature, the rules and constraints that govern its structure are still largely elusive and widely debated amongst linguists. This paper presents a study of two-termed unlike coordinations in particular, where the two conjuncts of the coordination phrase form valid constituents but have distinct categories. We conducted a syntactic analysis of the phrasal categories that can be conjoined in such unlike coordinations through a computational corpus-based approach, utilizing the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) as the main data source, as well as the Penn Treebank (PTB). The results show that the two conjuncts within unlike coordinations display different properties based on their position, supporting an antisymmetric view of the structure of coordination. This research provides new data and perspectives through the use of statistical tech-niques that can help shape future theories and models of coordination.
Locality Preserving Sentence Encoding

Although researches on word embeddings have made great progress in recent years, many tasks in natural language processing are on the sentence level. Thus, it is essential to learn sentence embeddings. Recently, Sentence BERT (SBERT) is proposed to learn embeddings on the sentence level, and it uses the inner product (or, cosine similarity) to compute semantic similarity between sentences. However, this measurement cannot well describe the semantic structures among sentences. The reason is that sentences may lie on a manifold in the ambient space rather than distribute in a Euclidean space. Thus, cosine similarity cannot approximate distances on the manifold. To tackle the severe problem, we propose a novel sentence embedding method called Sentence BERT with Locality Preserving (SBERT-LP), which discovers the sentence submanifold from a high-dimensional space and yields a compact sentence representation subspace by locally preserving geometric structures of sentences. We compare the SBERT-LP with several existing sentence embedding approaches from three perspectives: sentence similarity, sentence classification, and sentence clustering. Experimental results and case studies demonstrate that our method encodes sentences better in the sense of semantic structures.
The Promotion of Creativity of Vocational College Students: The Role of Parent-Child Relationship, Emotional Intelligence, and Grit

Objective: To examine whether emotional intelligence played a mediation role in the association between parent-child relationship and vocational college student’s creativity, and whether grit moderated this mediating process. Methods: 663 vocational college students participated in this study and completed four questionnaires at three time points, which included measures of parent-child relationship, creativity, emotional intelligence, and grit. Results: (1) Emotional intelligence mediated the relationship between parent-child relationship and vocational college student’s creativity; (2) grit moderated the mediating role of emotional intelligence between parent-child relationship and vocational college student’s creativity. Conclusion: Parent-child relationship had both direct effects on vocational college student’s creativity and indirect effects through emotional intelligence. Grit moderates the effect of emotional intelligence on vocational college student’s creativity.
Compositional Data and Task Augmentation for Instruction Following

Executing natural language instructions in a physically grounded domain requires a model that understands both spatial concepts such as left_of and above , and the compositional language used to identify landmarks and articu-late instructions relative to them. In this paper, we study instruction understanding in the blocks world domain. Given an initial arrange-ment of blocks and a natural language instruction, the system executes the instruction by manipulating selected blocks. The highly compositional instructions are composed of atomic components and understanding these components is a necessary step to executing the instruction. We show that while end-to-end training (supervised only by the correct block location) fails to address the challenges of this task and performs poorly on instructions involving a single atomic component, knowledge-free auxiliary signals can be used to signiﬁcantly improve performance by providing supervision for the instruction’s components. Speciﬁ-cally, we generate signals that aim at helping the model gradually understand components of the compositional instructions, as well as those that help it better understand spatial concepts, and show their beneﬁt to the overall task for two datasets and two state-of-the-art (SOTA) models, especially when the training data is limited—which is usual in such tasks.
Polydopamine Coating-Mediated Immobilization of BMP-2 on Polyethylene Terephthalate-Based Artificial Ligaments for Enhanced Bioactivity

Background/objectives: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-based artificial ligaments are one of the most commonly used grafts in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. However, the lack of favorable hydrophilicity and cell attachment for PET highly impeded its widespread application in clinical practice. Studies found that surface modification on PET materials could enhance the biocompatibility and bioactivity of PET ligaments. In this study, we immobilized bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) on the surface of PET ligaments mediated by polydopamine (PDA) coating and investigated the bioactivation and graft-to-bone healing effect of the modified grafts in vivo and in vitro. Methods: In this study, we prepared the PDA coating and subsequent BMP-2-immobilized PET artificial ligaments. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the morphological changes of the modified grafts. In addition, the surface wettability properties of the modified ligaments, amount of immobilized BMP 2, and the release of BMP-2 during a dynamic period up to 28 days were tested. Then, the attachment and proliferation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) on grafts were examined by SEM and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, RT-PCR, and Alizarin Red S staining were performed to test the osteoinduction property. For in vivo experiments, an extra-articular graft-to-bone healing model in rabbits was established. At 8 weeks after surgery, biomechanical tests, micro-CT, and histological staining were performed on harvested samples. Results: A surface morphological analysis verified the success of the PDA coating. The wettability of the PET artificial ligaments was improved, and more than 80% of BMP-2 stably remained on the graft surface for 28 days. The modified grafts could significantly enhance the proliferation, attachment, as well as expression of ALP and osteogenic-related genes, which demonstrated the favorable bioactivity of the grafts immobilized with BMP-2 in vitro. Moreover, the grafts immobilized with BMP-2 at a concentration of 138.4 ± 10.6 ng/cm2 could highly improve the biomechanical properties, bone regeneration, and healing between grafts and host bone after the implantation into the rabbits compared with the PDA-PET group or the PET group. Conclusion: The immobilization of BMP-2 mediated by polydopamine coating on PET artificial ligament surface could enhance the compatibility and bioactivity of the scaffolds and the graft-to-bone healing in vivo.
Measuring Staff Attitudes to Coercion in Poland

Introduction: Coercion can be defined as the use of force to limit a person's choices. In Poland, coercive measures may tend to be overused. However, there is limited information regarding the attitudes of nurses toward coercion in psychiatric settings and the factors influencing any decisions to use coercion. Aims: To validate the Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS) for a group of psychiatric nurses and psychiatrists, to compare the said with the original Norwegian SACS version, and to compare nurses' attitudes with those displayed by psychiatrists. A second aim was to understand the relationship between self-efficacy and attitudes to coercion. Method: We surveyed 351 psychiatric nurses and psychiatrists rating SACS and GSES (General Self Efficacy Scale). We validated the SACS factor structure using confirmatory principal component factor analysis, calculated the internal consistency of subscales, and analyzed the test-retest reliability and face validity of the subscales themselves. Further, we analyzed the differences in attitudes toward coercion between nurses and psychiatrists, as well as whether there was an association between GSES and the SACS subscales. We compared the means on the SACS items between three countries—Germany, Norway, and Poland. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis of the Polish version of SACS found the same factor structure with three factors as was displayed in the original Norwegian SACS, except that one item was loaded on another factor. Internal consistency was acceptable for the factors on coercion as security and the coercion as offending, and unacceptable for the factor on coercion as treatment. Test-retest reliability was excellent for all the three subscales. Face validity was high for the factor coercion as security, partly present for coercion as offending, and not present for coercion as treatment. The subscale Coercion as Treatment was rated significantly higher by nurses than by psychiatrists, but there was no difference for the two other subscales. There was no significant association between the General Self-Efficacy Scale and any of the SACS subscales. The biggest differences in attitudes toward forms of coercion was noted between Poland and Germany. Discussion: The three-factor structure of SACS was the best solution for the Polish nurses and psychiatrists. The attitudes toward coercion differed between the two groups, but a low correlation was computed for the SACS subscales and self-efficacy. There is a cultural diversity visible amongst the three countries examined. Reduction in the use of coercion is a priority worldwide. More knowledge about the process involved in using coercive measures may contribute to this. The use of coercive interventions may harm patients and threaten patients' rights. Thus, education is needed for pre-service and in-service nurses alike.
Predictive Analysis of Factors Influencing Depression Status of Nurses in the COVID-19 Pandemic Intensive Care Unit

Purpose: Understand the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses, analyze high-risk factors, and propose appropriate measures to maintain physical and mental health. Methods: A total of 78 nurses in ICU of Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University (Beijing area, COVID-19 patient designated hospital) were investigated with self-rating depression scale (SDS). The Cronbach'sαcoefficient was 0.874, the content validity was 0.853, and the internal consistency was good. General information for the questionnaire: gender, marriage, education, age, title, length of service, ICU years of service, COVID-19 pandemic training, concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic, and current health status. Results: According to the SDS scale score, ICU nurses had a total depression score of 51.36 ± 11.667, and the prevalence rate of depression was 44.9% (35/78). Multi-line regression analysis shows that stress perception, work experience in critical diseases, education and other total scores are risk factors for the occurrence of depression. Conclusion: Work experience in critical illness (β = 9.930, P < 0.001) had a positive predictive effect on the total score of depression, while stress perception (β = −0.884, P < 0.001) and education (β = −6.061, P < 0.001) had a negative predictive effect on the total score of depression, and explained 52.7% variation. These findings point to the need for interventions to address psychological distress and provide the necessary support.
Inhibitory Effect of Punicalagin on Inflammatory and Angiogenic Activation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Punicalagin, a major ellagitannin isolated from pomegranate, is proved to have various pharmacological activities with an undefined therapy mechanism. The objective of this research was to demonstrate the effect of punicalagin on anti-inflammatory and angiogenic activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and their potential mechanisms. Endothelial-leukocyte adhesion assay was applied to evaluate primary cultures of HUVECs activation following tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) treatment. The endothelial cell proliferation, migration, permeability and tube formation were assessed by EdU assay, wound migration assay, trans-endothelial electrical resistances (TEER) assay, and capillary-like tube formation assay, respectively. In addition, the expression of relevant proteins was assessed using Western blot analysis. We confirmed that punicalagin could reduce the adhesion of human monocyte cells to HUVECs in vitro and in vivo. Further, punicalagin decreased the expression of mRNA and proteins of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in HUVECs. Moreover, punicalagin inhibited permeability, proliferation, migration, and tube formation in VEGF-induced HUVECs, suppressed IKK-mediated activation of NF-κB signaling in TNF-α-induced endothelial cells, and inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) activation and downstream p-PAK1. Our findings indicated that punicalagin might have a protective effect on HUVECs activation, which suggested that punicalagin functions through an endothelial mediated mechanism for treating various disorders such as, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and cardiovascular disease.
Mechanisms Underlying Hox-Mediated Transcriptional Outcomes

Metazoans differentially express multiple Hox transcription factors to specify diverse cell fates along the developing anterior-posterior axis. Two challenges arise when trying to understand how the Hox transcription factors regulate the required target genes for morphogenesis: First, how does each Hox factor differ from one another to accurately activate and repress target genes required for the formation of distinct segment and regional identities? Second, how can a Hox factor that is broadly expressed in many tissues within a segment impact the development of specific organs by regulating target genes in a cell type-specific manner? In this review, we highlight how recent genomic, interactome, and cis-regulatory studies are providing new insights into answering these two questions. Collectively, these studies suggest that Hox factors may differentially modify the chromatin of gene targets as well as utilize numerous interactions with additional co-activators, co-repressors, and sequence-specific transcription factors to achieve accurate segment and cell type-specific transcriptional outcomes.