Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Quantum Threat To Bitcoin and Derived Cryptocurrencies

—All cryptocurrencies are not the same. Today, they share a common quantum vulnerability through use of non-quantum safe Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) digital signatures yet they have very different risks of quantum attack. The risk of attack for a cryptocurrency depends on a number of identiﬁed factors such as the block interval time, the vulnerability to an attack that delays the time for an unprocessed transaction to be completed and the behaviour of a cryptocurrency user to increase the cost of a quantum computer attack. Shor’s algorithm can be used to break ECDSA signatures with a quantum computer. This research addresses the two questions: When will a quantum computer be powerful enough to execute Shor’s algorithm? How fast would a quantum computer need to be to break a speciﬁc cryptocurrency? In this paper we observe that by benchmarking the speed of circuits and the time for quantum addition on quantum computers we can determine when there is a potential threat to a speciﬁc cryptocurrency.
Nursing Care in the Preoperative Period of Heart Transplants: Efficacy in the Role of Nurses in Minimizing Complications-An Integrative Review

Introduction: The preoperative period is a moment of information supply, clarification of doubts and assistance to the patient of heart transplantation and their relatives, being the nursing professional inserted in this context, being in most cases the professional that has more contact both with the patient and with his family. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the scientific productions that describe the efficacy of nurses in the preoperative period of patients with cardiac transplantation. Methodology: The present study is an integrative review, with a survey of scientific productions available in the literature. Results and Discussions: From the analysis of the selected articles, two categories were created: “Effectiveness of Nursing Professionals in the Preoperative Period of Cardiac Transplantation” and “Nursing Professionals in the Nursing Care Systematization and Minimization of Complications in the preoperative period of heart transplants”. Final Considerations: The preoperative period is the moment in which the nursing professional plays a very important role of health monitoring and education in cases of cardiac transplantation, both for patients and their families. This performance becomes effective when it is performed in a systematized way and leads the patient to develop self-care and awareness of his new health condition, from the moment he discovers that he will undergo transplantation.
Optic Disc and Optic Cup Segmentation for Glaucoma Detection from Blur Retinal Images Using Improved Mask-RCNN

Glaucoma is a fatal eye disease that harms the optic disc (OD) and optic cup (OC) and results into blindness in progressed phases. Because of slow progress, the disease exhibits a small number of symptoms in the initial stages, therefore causing the disease identification to be a complicated task. So, a fully automatic framework is mandatory, which can support the screening process and increase the chances of disease detection in the early stages. In this paper, we deal with the localization and segmentation of the OD and OC for glaucoma detection from blur retinal images. We have presented a novel method that is Densenet-77-based Mask-RCNN to overcome the challenges of the glaucoma detection. Initially, we have performed the data augmentation step together with adding blurriness in samples to increase the diversity of data. Then, we have generated the annotations from ground-truth (GT) images. After that, the Densenet-77 framework is employed at the feature extraction level of Mask-RCNN to compute the deep key points. Finally, the calculated features are used to localize and segment the OD and OC by the custom Mask-RCNN model. For performance evaluation, we have used the ORIGA dataset that is publicly available. Furthermore, we have performed cross-dataset validation on the HRF database to show the robustness of the presented framework. The presented framework has achieved an average precision, recall, F-measure, and IOU as 0.965, 0.963, 0.97, and 0.972, respectively. The proposed method achieved remarkable performance in terms of both efficiency and effectiveness as compared to the latest techniques under the presence of blurring, noise, and light variations.
Surface Roughness Evaluation in Milling of Strenx 1100 Steel under MQL Conditions

Strenx 1100 is one of the most important structural steel characterized by upmost mechanical properties, generally preferred for loadbearing applications at many engineering fields such as marine and crane. Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is a method that presents sustainable machining with applying pulverized oil into the cutting zone, proved it by obtaining better machinability characteristics compared to conventional approaches. Surface roughness is a response parameter reflects the quality of a machined part in a certain degree which should be produced as per the industrial requirements. This paper focuses on the surface roughness (Ra) evaluation of Strenx 1100 steel during milling under MQL conditions. Taguchi design of experiments were utilized with combining three levels of cutting speed (vC), feed rate (f) and depth of cut (aP) in order to create L9 orthogonal array. The findings are discussed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) based optimization and 3d surface plots. According to the results, it is observed that the first level of cutting parameters namely vC=75 m/min, f=0.075 mm/rev and aP=0.25 mm need to be selected for optimization of response parameter while feed rate has more influence (66.9%) than depth of cut (22.5%) and cutting speed (0.4%) on surface roughness. Graphical representations exhibit the general trend of surface roughness which provides chance to selection of accurate cutting conditions for required response value.
Study of Transdermal Diffusion Experiment of 2 Kinds of Terbinafine Hydrochloride Cream in Vitro

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the transdermal amount and dermal loading quantity of 2 kinds of Terbinafine hydrochloride(TH) cream to interpret the acting approach. METHODS:2 kinds of TH cream(domestic and imported preparations) 1.0 g were used for in vitro transdermal diffusion test of miniature pigs skin using modified Franz diffusion cell. TH concentration in receiving solution and dermal loading quantity of TH were determined by RP-HPLC. RESULTS:The transdermal amounts of TH in domestic and imported preparations were below 0.05% and the dermal loading quantities were(43.1±7.5) μg·cm-2 and(42.2±4.9) μg·cm-2(n=6) ,respectively. CONCLUSION:2 kinds of TH cream hardly pass through derma,and dermal loading quantites of TH are similar between them. It indicates that efficacy and safety of the 2 kinds of cream are in substantial agreement and they mainly play region effect.
Classification of Mammographic Breast Density Using a Combined Classifier Paradigm

In this paper we investigate a new approach to the classification of mammographic images according to breast type. The classification of breast density in this study is motivated by its use as prior knowledge in the image processing pipeline. By utilising this knowledge at different stages including enhancement, segmen-tation and feature extraction, its application aims to increase the sensitivity of detecting breast cancer. Our implemented discrimination of breast density is based on the underlying texture contained within the breast tissue apparent on a digital mammogram and realised by utilising four approaches to quantifying the texture. Following feature extraction, we adopt a variation on bootstrap aggregation ('bagging') to meet the assumptions of independence in data representation of the input data set, necessary for classifier combination. Multiple classifiers comprising feed-forward Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are subsequently trained with the different perturbed input data spaces using 10-fold cross-validation. The set of classifier outputs, expressed in a probabilistic framework, are subsequently combined using six different classifier combination rules and the results compared. In this study we examine two different classification tasks; a four-class classification problem differentiating between fatty, partly fatty, dense and extremely dense breast types and a two-class problems, differentiating between dense and fatty breast types. The data set used in this study is the Digital Database of Screening Mammograms (DDSM) containing Medio-Lateral Oblique (MLO) views for each breast for 377 patients. For both tasks the best combination strategy was found using the product rule giving an average recognition rate on test of 71.4% for the four-class problem and 96.7% for the two-class problem.
Modeling Text Databases and Its Application to the Web

We present a uni(cid:12)ed view to models for text databases, proving new relations between empirical and theoretical models. We also introduce a simple model for random queries and the size of their answers, giving experimental results that support them. As an example of the importance of text modeling, we analyze time and space overhead of inverted (cid:12)les for the Web
Filtering Out Bad Answers with Semantic Relations in a Web-Based Question-Answering System

De plus en plus de systèmes de question-réponses (QR) utilisent le Web pour trouver une réponse courte et précise à une question exprimée en langue naturelle. Dans cet article, nous présentons une méthode pour filtrer les mauvais candidats de réponses et re-ordonner les candidats dans notre module de QR en utilisant des relations sémantiques. L’idée est d’identifier la relation sémantique et l’argument principal exprimé dans la question et de trouver dans la collection de documents (ou sur le Web) d’autres indices indiquant que la relation sémantique entre l’argument de la question et le candidat de réponse existe vraiment. Les résultats avec le corpus de questions de TREC-9 et TREC-10 indique une nette amélioration de la précision de la liste des candidats.
Solvothermal synthesis of nanosized TiO2 particles with different crystal structures and their photocatalytic activities

Nanosized titania particles consisting of anatase, rutile and brookite phases were synthesized under solvothermal conditions with different alcohols as solvents, hexamethylene tetramine (HMT) as precipitant as well as precursor of titanium trichloride. XRD, TEM, UV-Vis and XPS spectra were employed to characterize these samples. The effect of treatment solvent and HMT amount on the phase composition and photocatalytic activity of titania were investigated. It is found that anatase is easier to form at acidic condition, but rutile and brookite at basic condition, using methanol as solvent. The TiO2-N-x(x) with nitrogen doping in TiO2 is obtained under solvothermal conditions. The results of photocatalytic degradation to methyl orange show that the mixed crystallite of anatase and brookite has the best photocatalytic activity.
Studies on the Structural Characteristics of Gelled Waxy Crude Oils Based on Scaling Model

The structural characteristics of three gelled waxy crude oils were studied through DSC analysis, rheological test, and a scaling model for colloidal gels. The total wax content is 8.1 wt % for crude oil A, 11.5 wt % for crude oil B, and 17.3 wt % for crude oil C. The concentration of precipitated wax crystals, φW increases gradually with the decrease of temperature. The gelation point, which increases with the increase of wax content, is 16.5 °C for crude oil A, 26 °C for crude oil B, and 41 °C for crude oil C. The elastic modulus in linear region, GE′ of the gelled crude oils always increases with decreasing temperature while the critical linear elastic strain, γE of the gelled crude oils first decreases with decreasing temperature, then increases with the further decrease of temperature. The microstructure of gelled crude oils, which can be divided into strong-link region and weak-link region, is similar to that of colloidal gels. In the strong-link region, the GE′ increases but the γE decreases with i.
AN INSTITUTIONAL VIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VENTURE CAPITAL IN THE U . S . , EUROPE AND ASIA

Professions develop isomorphic, or similar, characteristics not only within countries but also around the world. This research examines venture capital professionals in three distinct regions of the world and finds that their values are shaped by normative institutional processes. The strength of these normative processes leads to stable views on what venture capitalists believe their roles are to be in Europe, U.S., and Asia. However, how those views are implemented around the world is shaped by cognitive institutional influences in the given region of the world. Thus, Asian venture capitalists despite sharing similar views on their roles, implement those roles very differently due to the emphasis on collective action in Asia. This research represents the first examination of venture capital professionals on a worldwide basis and the first specific in-depth examination of Asian venture capital. It also provides the first international examination of professionals who share strong trade and professional associations. AN INSTITUTIONAL VIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VENTURE CAPITAL IN THE U.S., EUROPE AND ASIA Institutions are those structures that provide stability and meaning to social behavior (Scott, 1995a). A result of institutions is that organizations often develop in a similar, or isomorphic manner (Slack & Hinings, 1994). Isomorphic development has previously been noted among professionals with strong trade and professional organizations (Oliver, 1996). For example, the role of institutions in shaping similarities in the professional behavior among the medical (Freidson, 1970; Starr, 1982), and accounting professions (Mezias, 1990) has been examined. However, while this research has documented the similarities in behavior demonstrated, it has not often empirically investigated which of the multiple institutions present in the environment most directly shaped the development of these professions and explain their differences. The research that has sought to answer questions about the roles of different institutions in the development of professions has examined whether local or national institutions have the greatest impact on their development. For example, Suchman (1995) examined the development of high technology financial practices as reflected by various terms found in the legal documents of venture capital transactions. He found by examining two venture capital funds that these practices were most directly impacted by structures within a given region, Silicon Valley. In contrast, DiMaggio (1991) examined the development of United States (U.S.) art museums and the professionals associated with them through the case of the Branch Museum. He argued nationwide institutional structures shaped the development of the standards within the field, not structures in any given locale.
Estimating Access to Mobile Broadband

Americans are disconnected. The FCC estimates about 22 million Americans today do not have access to broadband. 1 However, the FCC’s broadband data are notoriously inaccurate and severely under-represent the number of Americans without access to the internet or with access to only one ISP. 2 Independently gathered data suggest the true number of Americans without broadband is closer to double the federal government’s estimate. 3.
Variability of b-value before and after the Gorkha earthquake in the Central Himalaya and Vicinity

This study computes the b-value of Gutenberg-Richter relation associated with the 25 April 2015 Gorkha earthquake and its aftershock sequences. For this the homogeneous catalogue of 769 earthquakes that occurred in the Himalayan compressed belt and its vicinity was analyzed by three different approaches. The minimum b-values 0.60±0.07 and 0.63±0.06 were observed for windows containing Gorkha earthquake. For time window before Gorkha earthquake, the b-value was noted as 0.89±0.12. It was noted 0.81±0.04 for time window between Gorkha earthquake and Dolakha earthquake and 0.78±0.08 for time window after Dolakha earthquake. The results revealed the fact that b-value starts to decrease for strong earthquake. About 17% jumps of the b value were observed within 17 days between Gorkha earthquake and its largest aftershock, the Dolakha earthquake. The b-value 1.16±0.09 was obtained for the depth range of 0-10 km, 0.89±0.4 for the depth range 10-20 km and 0.65±0.08 for the depth range of 20-30 km. The results strongly support the global trends of decreasing b-value with depth in the continental crust and subduction zones. The low b-value patch observed in the west of Gorkha from contour map depicts the region as the potential zone of future strong seismic activity. BIBECHANA 18 (2) (2021) 32-42
Exporting and Firm Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment ∗

We conduct a randomized experiment that generates exogenous variation in the access to foreign markets for rug producers in Egypt. Combined with detailed survey data, we causally identify the impact of exporting on ﬁrm performance. Treatment ﬁrms report 16-26 percent higher proﬁts and exhibit large improvements in quality alongside reductions in output per hour relative to control ﬁrms. These ﬁndings do not simply reﬂect ﬁrms being offered higher margins to manufacture high-quality products that take longer to produce. Instead, we ﬁnd evidence of learning-by-exporting whereby exporting improves technical efﬁciency. First, treatment ﬁrms have higher productivity and quality after controlling for rug speciﬁcations. Second, when asked to produce an identical domestic rug using the same inputs and same capital equipment, treatment ﬁrms produce higher quality rugs despite no difference in production time. Third, treatment ﬁrms exhibit learning curves over time. Finally, we document knowledge transfers with quality increasing most along the speciﬁc dimensions that the knowledge pertained to.
HPLC-MS Determination of Residual Amounts of 30 Sulfonylurea Herbicides in Tea

HPLC in hyphenation with MS was applied to the determination of 30 sulfonylurea herbicide residues in tea.Sample of tea was soaked with small amount of water and then extracted with acetonitrile.The herbicides in the extract were purified by SPE through the Cleanert HXN column.Herbicides on the SPE column were eluted with a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.02 mol·L-1 H3PO4(mixed in the ratio of 9 to 1 by volume). The eluate was evaporated to dryness by N2-blowing and 1 mL of the mobile phase solution was used to take up the residue.The solution was used for HPLC-MS analysis.External standard method was adopted in the determination.Linear relationships between values of response signal and concetration of the 30 sulfonylurea herbicides were found in the range within 100 μg·kg-1 with values of detection limit(2S/N)in the range from 2-10 μg·kg-1.Tests for recovery were made by standard addition method,giving results of recovery in the range from 74.5% to 115.5%,and values of RSD's(n=6)in the range of 1.30%-9.36%.
lncRNA SLERT controls phase separation of FC/DFCs to facilitate Pol I transcription

Keeping the nucleolus a liquid condensate The nucleolus is a multilayered, membraneless nuclear condensate in which DNA polymerase I (Pol I)–mediated ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription and pre-rRNA processing occur in fibrillar center and dense fibrillar component (FC/DFC) units. How the biophysical properties of the nucleolus are regulated has remained elusive. Wu et al. found that the RNA helicase DDX21 forms a shell coating each FC/DFC unit in the nucleolus (see the Perspective by Yamazaki and Hirose). The authors found that a long noncoding RNA called SLERT facilitates the transition from the open to the closed configuration of the helicase using a chaperonelike mechanism. DDX21 in the closed conformation forms loose clusters that confer the FC/DFC unit sufficient liquidity and space required for Pol I processivity. In addition, DDX21 within the loose clusters cannot approach and wrap rDNA, thus licensing rDNA for transcription. Science, abf6582, this issue p. 547; see also abj8350, p. 486 A long noncoding RNA can control the biophysical properties of the nucleolus during ribosomal RNA production. RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription takes place at the border of the fibrillar center (FC) and the dense fibrillar component (DFC) in the nucleolus. Here, we report that individual spherical FC/DFC units are coated by the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX21 in human cells. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SLERT binds to DDX21 RecA domains to promote DDX21 to adopt a closed conformation at a substoichiometric ratio through a molecular chaperone–like mechanism resulting in the formation of hypomultimerized and loose DDX21 clusters that coat DFCs, which is required for proper FC/DFC liquidity and Pol I processivity. Our results suggest that SLERT is an RNA regulator that controls the biophysical properties of FC/DFCs and thus ribosomal RNA production.
Linked Weyl surfaces and Weyl arcs in photonic metamaterials

Topology in higher dimensions In condensed-matter systems, the band structure of a material has often been equated with functionality. However, consideration of the topology of the band structure now provides a route to developing a functionality that goes far beyond the expected properties of the materials. Using electromagnetic metamaterials as building blocks, Ma et al. realized a five-dimensional generalization of a topological Weyl semimetal. Along with the three real momentum dimensions, these included two bi-anisotropy material parameters as synthetic dimensions to demonstrate both linked Weyl surfaces and Yang monopoles. The metamaterial platform provides a powerful route to explore the exotic physics associated with higher-order topological phenomena. Science, abi7803, this issue p. 572 A five-dimensional generalization of a topological Weyl semimetal is realized with electromagnetic metamaterials. Generalization of the concept of band topology from lower-dimensional to higher-dimensional (n > 3) physical systems is expected to introduce new bulk and boundary topological effects. However, theoretically predicted topological singularities in five-dimensional systems—Weyl surfaces and Yang monopoles—have either not been demonstrated in realistic physical systems or are limited to purely synthetic dimensions. We constructed a system possessing Yang monopoles and Weyl surfaces based on metamaterials with engineered electromagnetic properties, leading to the observation of several intriguing bulk and surface phenomena, such as linking of Weyl surfaces and surface Weyl arcs, via selected three-dimensional subspaces. The demonstrated photonic Weyl surfaces and Weyl arcs leverage the concept of higher-dimension topology to control the propagation of electromagnetic waves in artificially engineered photonic media.