Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NKS-B LUCIA: Assessing the impact of releases of radionuclides into sewage systems in urban environment: Simulation, modelling and experimental studies

Nordic Nuclear Safety Research (NKS) is a platform for Nordic cooperation and competence in nuclear safety and related radiation protection issues including emergency preparedness and protection of the environment. Its purpose is to carry out joint activities producing seminars, exercises, scientific articles, technical reports and other types of reference material, with special efforts made to engage young scientists. The region in question is the five Nordic countries, i.e., Denmark (including the Faroe Islands and Greenland), Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, who share a common cultural and historic heritage. The Nordic countries have cooperated in the field of nuclear safety for approximately half a century, developing informal networks for exchange of information, strengthening the region’s potential for fast, coordinated and adequate response to nuclear threats, incidents and accidents. Activities are financed and supported by Nordic authorities, research institutions, power companies, contractors and other organizations, with results used by participating organizations in their decision making processes and information efforts.The NKS-R and NKS-B Joint Summary Seminar held at the Armémuseum, Stockholm on the 26th 27th of March 2009 showcased a range of activities supported by NKS over the previous 2 years and provided an opportunity to bring together researchers and end users from the wider NKS community. This summary seminar was the first joint venture between the NKS-R and NKS-B Programmes since the current two programme format was adopted by NKS. One of our intentions in organising the Joint Summary Seminar was to further the reciprocal awareness of ongoing research and issues under the respective NKS-R and NKS-B Programmes, with the aim of promoting new networking opportunities and generating new ideas and approaches to solving existing problems.
Hierarchical Modeling of Heterogeneous Plates 1

We describe here the modeling of highly heterogeneous plates, when three different lenght scales are present: the area of the middle surface, the plate thickness, and the heterogeneity scale. We derive a two-dimensional PDE model for such problem, which turns out to have rough coefficients. We employ asymptotic techniques to estimate the modeling error with respect to the thickness. To tame the numerical troubles of the resulting model we use finite elements methods of multiscale type.
Variability in phomopsis blight pathogen [Phomopsis vexans (Sacc. & Syd.) Harter]

Variability study revealed significant and substantial differences in radial growth of the isolates on PDA. Similarly biomass production ranged between 20.0 mg to 353.0 mg. The morphological characters notably type of colony, colour, texture, zonation too differed significantly. The variation in stylospore morphology was relatively higher. The germinability of pycnidiospore from different isolates differed significantly and it ranged from 31.0 to 72.0 %. Except for isolates Pv 36 where conidial germination was bipolar too, in rest of the isolates the germination was unipolar. The germtube length and time taken for germination also differed significantly. The extent and magnitude of pycnidial development was variable. Pycnidia were black in some isolates while in some brown pycnidia developed. Pathogeecity revealed isolate Pv 36 as most aggressive isolate while isolate Pv 11 as least aggressive.
Large deviations estimates for dynamical systems without the specification property. Application to the β-shifts

We consider dynamical systems whose sets of orbits verify an approximate product property. This allows us to obtain large deviations results, which were previously proven under the condition of specification property. We illustrate our results by considering the β-shifts. While the specification property holds for a set of β > 1 of Lebesgue measure zero, our approximate product property holds for any β > 1. For any β-shift the empirical measures verify a large deviations principle with respect to the probability measure of maximal entropy. We extend the dimension results of Pfister and Sullivan (2003 Nonlinearity 16 661–82) to any β-shift, obtaining a variational principle for the topological entropy of sets involving ergodic averages.
Effects of the Novel IDO Inhibitor DWG-1036 on the Behavior of Male and Female 3xTg-AD Mice

The kynurenine pathway metabolizes tryptophan into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, producing a number of intermediary metabolites, including 3-hydroxy kynurenine and quinolinic acid, which are involved in the neurodegenerative mechanisms that underlie Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the first and rate-limiting enzyme of this pathway, is increased in AD, and it has been hypothesized that blocking this enzyme may slow the progression of AD. In this study, we treated male and female 3xTg-AD and wild-type mice with the novel IDO inhibitor DWG-1036 (80 mg/kg) or vehicle (distilled water) from 2 to 6 months of age and then tested them in a battery of behavioral tests that measured spatial learning and memory (Barnes maze), working memory (trace fear conditioning), motor coordination and learning (rotarod), anxiety (elevated plus maze), and depression (tail suspension test). The 3xTg-AD mice treated with DWG-1036 showed better memory in the trace fear conditioning task and significant improvements in learning but poorer spatial memory in the Barnes maze. DWG-1036 treatment also ameliorated the behaviors associated with increased anxiety in the elevated plus maze and depression-like behaviors in the tail suspension test in 3xTg-AD mice. However, the effects of DWG-1036 treatment on the behavioral tasks were variable, and sex differences were apparent. In addition, high doses of DWG-1036 resulted in reduced body weight, particularly in females. Taken together, our results suggest that the kynurenine pathway is a promising target for treating AD, but more work is needed to determine the effective compounds, examine sex differences, and understand the side effects of the compounds.
Pigmented antibiotic production by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2): kinetics and the influence of nutrients

SUMMARY: The production of the pigments actinorhodin and undecylprodigiosin by Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was examined in a chemically defined medium which permits dispersed growth of the organism. The physiological controls on the production of the two pigments were markedly disparate. Actinorhodin production occurred mainly in the stationary phase of batch cultures grown with glucose and sodium nitrate as the principal carbon and nitrogen sources. In the same batch cultures, undecylprodigiosin accumulated during the exponential growth phase. The production of both pigments was sensitive to the levels of ammonium and phosphate in the medium. Actinorhodin production was exquisitely sensitive to ammonium concentration, and was completely inhibited by as little as 1 mM-ammonium chloride, whereas more than 50 mM-ammonium chloride was required to prevent undecylprodigiosin production. A similar, but less extreme effect was seen with phosphate: actinorhodin production was completely inhibited by 24 mM-phosphate, whereas undecylprodigiosin was still formed at this high phosphate concentration. The effects of ammonium inhibition of pigmented antibiotic production were relieved by reducing the concentration of phosphate in the medium, but changing the ammonium concentration had no effect on phosphate inhibition. Thus the regulation of pigment production by these two nutrients is interrelated, with phosphate control being epistatic to that of ammonium. The results implicate a phosphorylated intermediate as a major regulator of secondary metabolite synthesis by S. coelicolor.
Share Repurchase Programs by Banks

We study two motivations behind open-market share repurchases by banks. Our first hypothesis is the signaling hypothesis – banks use share repurchase announcements to signal higher future performance. Our second hypothesis is the “optimal capital ratio” hypothesis – banks use share repurchases to manage their capital ratios, and the positive announcement effect is the result of an increased value of the deposit insurance. We find that banks announcing share repurchases have a positive industry-adjusted change in ROA during the two years following the announcement, consistent with the signaling hypothesis. We also find evidence in support of our second hypothesis: banks announcing share repurchase programs experience a reduction in their capital ratios subsequent to the repurchase announcement. The reduction in capital ratios occurs without a change in the asset growth rate or dividend payout ratio. We also find that the announcement effect is positively related to the growth in capital ratios prior to the announcement and to a decrease in capital ratios subsequent to the announcement, supportive of the optimal capital ratio hypothesis.
Design of the poloidal field system for KTX

The design of the poloidal field (PF) system includes the ohmic heating field system and the equilibrium (EQ) field system, and is the basis for the design of a magnetic confinement fusion device. A coupling between the poloidal and plasma currents, especially the eddy current in the stabilizing shell, yields design difficulties. The effects of the eddy current in the stabilizing shell on the poloidal magnetic field also cannot be ignored. A new PF system design is thus proposed. By using a low-μ material (μ = 0.001, e = 1) instead of a conductive shell, an electromagnetic model is established that can provide a continuous eddy current distribution on the conductive shell. In this model, a 3D time-domain problem with shells translates into a 2D magnetostatic problem, and the accuracy of the calculation is improved. Based on these current distributions, we design the PF system and analyze how the EQ coils and conductive shell affect the plasma EQ when the plasma ramps up. To meet the mainframe design requirements and achieve an efficient power-supply design, the position and connection of the poloidal coils are optimized further.
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN CLINICAL DEPARTMENTS OF OBSTETRICS-GYNECOLOGY AND NEONATOLOGY: THE NURSES’ AND MIDWIVES’ OPINION

Background. Institutions that provide services in the fields of obstetrics-gynecology and neonatology treat highly vulnerable patient groups, and thus assurance of the quality of healthcare and the safety of the patients is of utmost importance. The type of the organizational culture at a healthcare institution determines the organization’s abilities to develop, achieve better results, initiate changes, and implement new methods. The evaluation of organizational culture in such institutions would help to understand and improve patient safety and satisfaction with the healthcare services as well as the effectiveness of the activity of healthcare institutions. The aim of the study was to identify the type of the organizational culture at a healthcare institution that provides services in the fields of obstetrics-gynecology and neonatology based on the evaluation of nurses’ and midwives’ opinions. Summary of the work. The evaluation of the nurses’ and midwives’ opinions about the organizational culture was performed by using the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI). The overall response rate to the survey was 100% (n=233). Summary of the results. The results of the study showed that during the studied period, the Hierarchy culture predominated. The analysis of the components Dominant Characteristics, Organizational Leadership, Organization Glue, and Strategic Emphases revealed the presence of various types of organizational culture, with the Hierarchy culture (D) being dominant. The analysis of the components Management of Employees and Criteria of Success showed that during the studied period, various culture types existed in the studied institution, with the Clan culture (A) being dominant. In the Hierarchy culture, the analysis of the components Dominant Characteristics, Organizational Leadership, Strategic Emphases, and Criteria of Success revealed that significantly greater differences between the Preferred and Now mean evaluations were in the neonatal departments. Conclusion. According to the nursing staff, the Hierarchy culture type was predominant in the studied healthcare institution that provides services in the fields of obstetrics-gynecology and neonatology. However, the respondents also would prefer a trend towards a friendlier (the Clan culture) and more creative (the Adhocracy culture) work environment.
Evaluation of Topical Red Dragon Fruit Extract Effect (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) on Tissue Granulation and Epithelialization in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Non-DM Wistar Rats: Pre Eliminary Study

The use of natural materials as wound healing is an alternative that is widely used. Red Dragon Fruit Extract (EBNM) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory content that is needed to accelerate the wound healing, but studies have reported effects on wound healing is still limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical Red Dragon Fruit Extract on DM wound and Non-DM wound healing in Wistar rats. This research method is an Experimental Study with post-test with control group design . Albino Male Wistar rat (n = 18) with the weight (200-250 grams) were divided into 2 groups (group A (n = 9) Wistar DM + incision divided into 3 groups, each with 3 rats and group B (n = 9) Non-DM Wistar + incision divided into 3 groups of each 3 rats). Furthermore Wistar rat wounded in the back left and right using 8 mm punch biopsy. 7.5% topical Red Dragon Fruit Extract cream was applied to the surface of the wound with the cotton bud. Tissue preparat colored with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) then the wound healing parameters were assessed; the thickness of the granulation tissue and epithelialization with histopathology assessment. Data were analyzed using independent T test and paired T test (SPSS 21, Chicago Inc.) Granulation scores tend to be better at a concentration of 7.5% in the topical Red Dragon Fruit Extract than the negative control group for DM (p <0.068) and non-DM (p <0.034). Epithelialization Scores are better at concentrations of 7.5% in Topical Red Dragon Fruit Extract group than the negative control group for DM (p <0.034) and non DM (p <0.034). Topical Red Dragon Fruit Extract 7.5% increase the growth of granulation tissue and epithelialization in wound healing of acute non-DM and DM at Wistar rats.
Active Placebo - The relation of treatment expectancies to active analgesic treatments

5 Abbreviations . 7 Introduction . 9 Background . 12 Pain . 12 The Psychology of Placebo Analgesia . 14 Physiological and Neurobiological Effects of Placebo . 17 Placebo Analgesia and Emotion . 20 Nocebo Hyperalgesia . 22 Drugs and Placebos . 24 Aim of Studies . 29 Methods . 30 Treatment Models . 30 Caffeine . 30 Conditioned pain modulation . 31 Lidocaine/prilocaine. 31 Pain Models . 32 Radiant heat and laser-evoked potentials. 33 Contact thermode. 35 Cold-pressor test. 35 Pain Measures . 36 Measures of Expectancies . 36
Recessions in Portugal: The Predictive Power of Term Structure of Interest Rates Components

In this paper we present a study of the predictive ability of the term structure of interest rates over future recessions in Portugal. The analysis will be based on factor models in which the term structure of interest rates is determined by latent factors, corresponding to their level, slope and curvature. Simple and modified probit and logit models will be used to examine the forecasting ability of term structure in predicting economic crises (recessions). Recession periods were determined based on the methodology proposed by Bry and Boschan. Our results suggest that all term structure of interest rates components allow to predict recessions in one-year time horizons, with an increase in adjustment quality when we include an autoregressive term as the explanatory variable. KeywordsTerm structure of interest rates; Recessions; Factor models’ decomposition, Portugal
Collateral and SME fi nancing in Bangladesh : an analysis across bank size and bank ownership

We examine the issue of pledging collateral and its eff ect on access to credit, interest rates and credit risk of SMEs fi nancing in Bangladesh with respect to bank size. We also examine the collateral classifi cation (fi xed assets collateral, personal guarantee and third-party guarantee) by bank ownership types to fi nd what types of collateral are preferred by public, private and foreign banks in Bangladesh for lending to fi rms. In addition to that, we examine whether collateral requirements are diff erent between large and small banks as they have diff erent incentives for collateral based lending. Our empirical results suggest that small banks have no additional incentives to provide loans based on the collateral security than large banks. Hence, we did not fi nd any evidence that collateral can increase access to credit for SMEs from small banks. Similarly, we also did not fi nd any eff ect of collateral on interest rates or collateral security can lower the default rates of the SME loans and the results are similar regardless bank size. With regards to collateral segmentation across bank ownership types and bank size, our regression’s results suggest that each type of banks has its own preferences about collateral requirements while lending to fi rms. Th erefore, we conclude that depending on bank internal policy commercial banks ask for diff erent collateral, which comply with the best interests of banks.
ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS IN CHIA SEEDS PRODUCED IN BRAZIL

Chia is a good source of fibre, protein and antioxidants, and is also rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly α-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3). This fact makes it increasingly interesting for studies of its composition and nutritional quality, because it may be useful for inclusion in diets or in novel food formulations. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical and fatty acid composition and the indices of nutritional quality of the lipid fraction of chia seed produced in Brazil. In respect to chemical composition, an average grade of 8.14% moisture, 20.11% protein, 27.72% lipid and 3.94% ash was detected. Sixteen fatty acids were quantified in the chia, highlighting the prevalence of polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly 18:3 n-3. All indices of nutritional quality of lipid fraction assessed (Hypocholesterolaemic/ hypercholesterolaemic FA ratio, atherogenic index and thrombogenic index) indicated that chia has a high lipid fraction quality and its inclusion in diet or as an ingredient in food products can be an ally in the reduction of cardiovascular problems.
[1,2,5]Selenadiazolo[3,4‐b]pyrazines: Synthesis from 3,4‐Diamino‐1,2,5‐selena­diazole and Generation of Persistent Radical Anions

The authors acknowledge financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project 13-03-00072), the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Programme No.8, Project 8.14) and the Leverhulme Trust (Project IN-2012-094). I.G. I, N.V. V. , E.A. C. and A.V. Z. are grateful to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Project of Joint Laboratories of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and National Research Universities), and E.A. C. to the BP Company for postgraduate scholarship.
Critical comparison of design procedures and analysis methods for base isolated buildings

Design codes for base isolated structures allow for the adoption of linear or non-linear analysis procedures. Even though linear dynamic approaches should be limited to a narrow class of structures, they are often used for preliminary design. However, the use of linear effective properties of the system may not accurately account for the non-linearity of the isolation devices, leading to potentially un-conservative design, especially for large effective periods and high effective damping of the isolation system. On the other hand, non-linear time history methods may require considerable computational effort. The apparent complexity of such more rigorous approaches may have contributed to limit the use of base isolation to large and important/critical facilities, impairing its widespread use for ordinary constructions. This paper aims to illustrate the potential inaccuracies of a linear dynamic approach, even when applied to a regular structural configuration, by comparing the differences in the predicted response on two regular moment resisting frames with alternative isolation systems, when using linear response spectrum and non-linear time history analyses. Numerical simulations under a suite of far field and near field records (including ground motions from the Christchurch Feb 2011 event) are used to identify the most relevant parameters of the isolation devices that control the overall response. The limitations of a linear dynamic approach are discussed and recommendations for further investigations to support the use of a linear elastic approach for ordinary and "simple" structures are provided.
Role of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase as a Biochemical Prognostic Marker for Pre-eclampsia: A Case Control Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in SouthIndia

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a multisystem disorder specific to pregnancy and puerperium. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), an intracellular cytoplasmic enzyme is ubiquitous to all major organ systems and cells. The central feature of pre-eclampsia is endothelial cell dysfunction and cellular death. With this cellular death, LDH leaks out with consequent raised serum LDH levels. Assessment of serum levels of LDH which is highly sensitive for any abnormality in the organ systems of the human body predicting maternal and fetal prognosis has always beendebatable.Objectives: To compare serum LDH levels in normal pregnant women and in women with pre-eclampsia in late antepartum period and to study the correlation of maternal and perinatal outcomes with serum LDH levels.Materials and methods: Total of 223 pre-eclamptic women (142 with mild pre-eclampsia and 81 with severe preeclampsia) and 223 controls were taken who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Demographic, hemodynamic and laboratory data were compared among the three groups. The symptoms and complications of severe pre-eclampsia along with the fetal outcome were analysed according to serum LDH levels.Result: Age, gravidity and parity in women with severe pre-eclampsia shows statistically significant lower values (p<0.05). Increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, urine albumin, serum uric acid, LDH, AST and ALT levels were seen in severe pre-eclampsia group, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). In severe pre-eclampsia group, symptoms, complications, maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality were significantly increased with increasing serum LDH levels (p<0.05). The correlation analysis with Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient (rho ρ) was 0.701 which show highly positive correlation between maternal and perinatal outcomes with serum LDH levels.Conclusion: Serum LDH is a reliable biochemical prognostic marker for severity of pre-eclampsia and its influence on the maternal and fetal outcome.