Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A network perspective on foreign entry modes of small knowledge-intensive services firms

Purpose: Integrating network attributes from studies of social networks, business relationships and small to medium-size enterprise (SME) internationalisation, this study adopts a perceptual view of a firm’s focal ‘net’ of relationships to examine foreign market entry mode choice. Our study examines how the interaction between knowledgeintensive service (KIS) firm’s focal network ties, embeddedness and position is related to entry mode choice and subsequently the firm’s perceived insidership status within its focal net. Methodology: This research is based on qualitative interviews with 25 small to medium-sized KIS firms engaged in direct exporting or foreign direct investment (FDI). Our study derives an empirically grounded framework of four distinct network patterns of these KIS firms through an iterative process of triangulation between cases and theory. Findings: The four network patterns illustrate the complex interaction between network attributes and entry mode choice by KIS firms. Our findings suggest formal ties and centrality in closed network relationships provide the ‘central controller’ firm over their entry mode choice. Resource-intensive FDI by ‘opportunistic investors’ proved essential to securing centrality through formal, institutional ties. Less optimal patterns lacking institutional ties and centrality, however, precluded choice of FDI by ‘specialised exporters’ and ‘client followers’. The study finds that entry modes are less likely to be influenced by the firm’s embeddedness in open or closed network relationships, but rather by the desire to achieve a more central network position and legitimacy through more formal, less imitable ties. Research implications: Our findings demonstrate the importance of network structure, a position of centrality, and strength of professional and institutional ties to small KIS firm internationalisation. By adopting a more finely grained examination of the interaction between key attributes of the firm’s focal net, our study provides a valuable first step in conceptualising the complexities associated with networking and adoption of export/investment internationalisation modes. Practical implications: There are a number of implications for the strategic and operational facets of smaller KIS firm internationalisation. To avoid excessive network liability for resource-deficient SMEs, practitioners should consider network positioning as a strategic activity, with the costs associated with building and maintaining networks offset against economic and resource-related returns. Originality/value: We contribute to a better understanding of entry mode choices of KIS by taking a network perspective that accounts for the combined effects of different network attributes. The four network patterns identified extend current theoretical knowledge on the role of networks for entry mode choices of small KIS by highlighting that entry mode choices reflect the particular firm’s focal net and its attempt to achieve insidership status through highcentrality and formal ties.
Determinants of Nonpaying Bid Behavior in Online Auction Platforms

Abstract The auction process can be divided into the auctioning, bidding, winning, and paying stages. Nonpaying bid behavior is a critical issue underlying the customer-to-customer (C2C) business model. This paper proposes and examines a research model that describes nonpaying bid behavior by concisely considering technological (platform quality), psychological (perceived risk), and individual (impulse buying inclination) aspects. The moderation effect of interaction–risk (combined interaction quality and perceived risk) on nonpaying attitude is investigated along with the influence of gender on such moderation effect. The proposed research model is examined by performing an empirical quantitative survey among users of a C2C auction platform. Based on data collected from 303 valid samples, results show that impulsive bidding inclination (individual aspect) and interaction quality (psychological aspect) are significantly associated with nonpaying bid behavior. Meanwhile, platform quality (technological aspect) and perceived risk (psychological aspect) are unlikely to determine nonpaying bid behaviors at the bid-paying stage. The moderation effect is significant, whereas the gender effect is insignificant. The managerial implications of these findings are also discussed along with some suggestions. This research highlights the value of modeling nonpaying bid behavior for C2C auction platforms.
Willingness to Pay for Bioplastic Packaged Home Meal Replacement

Received: 22 February 2021 Revised: 15 March 2021 Accepted: 18 March 2021 The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic value of bioplastic packaged Home Meal Replacement (HMR) using respondents’ willingness to pay (WTP). In particular, how much consumers are willing to pay if bioplastic packaging is used for HMR lunch boxes that commonly use plastic packaging was answered. A total of 208 respondents with experience in purchasing HMR were surveyed online using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). This study uses double-bounded dichotomous choice to reduce errors and increase statistics’ efficiency. According to this analysis, the CVM estimates the consumer value of the bioplastic packed lunch boxes’ premium is 11.4% higher than regular plastic packed lunch boxes. Additionally, the respondent's gender and the type of HMR products they frequently purchase affect the WTP value. This study’s results serve as referential data on investments in eco-friendly materials for food enterprises marketing decisions.
A Compact Wideband Vertically Polarized End-Fire Millimeter-Wave Antenna Utilizing Slot, Dielectric, and Cavity Resonators

A compact wideband vertically polarized endfire antenna operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) is proposed. The wideband characteristic is achieved by combining three resonances which are, respectively, formulated using slot, dielectric, and cavity resonators. The compact topology is realized through the employment of dielectric loading technique. The proposed via-structured antenna element is designed to operate from 25.8 to 40.1 GHz, which represents a bandwidth of 43.4%. The antenna features a compact size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.37\times 0.45\times 0.17\,\,\lambda _{\mathrm {max}}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.3\times 5.2\times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm<sup>3</sup>), where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{\mathrm {max}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength at the lowest frequency. The element realized gain varies from 3.5 to 7.6 dBi. A detailed performance analysis is provided, which helps to understand the principle of operation of the proposed antenna. The dielectric situated in the frontside of the cavity features a dual-function: 1) a resonator to generate the second resonance and 2) an impedance matching layer for the entire operating band. Two antenna array models are fabricated and examined for in-depth investigation. The first model contains a power divider for fixed beam analysis, and the second model is connected to the mmWave beamforming module to investigate the beam scanning capability of the proposed antenna. The simulated impedance bandwidth (reflection coefficient < −10 dB) of the four-element array equals 47.1% from 24.75 to 40 GHz and the realized gain varies from 6 to 11.4 dBi. The studies collectively ascertain that the proposed antenna features one of the most compact volumes while exhibiting one of the widest bandwidths to be reported in the literature.
Managing the handling–comfort contradiction of a quarter-car system using Kalman filter

This article introduces a new approach to manage the “handling–comfort” contradiction of a vehicle suspension system. The idea is based on determining a specific time constant that reflects the percentage of suspension damping. This time constant is defined using the measurement of the sprung mass acceleration and the suspension deflection. A distinction is made between the control unit design for a semi-active suspension system and the control unit design for an active suspension system. The semi-active design is based on two sensors and a Kalman filter (KF), while the active design is based on three sensors and a dual-estimation KF. For active suspension, a third sensor was added to measure the acceleration of the unsprung mass. Simulation is carried out in Simulink and Simscape environments. The results of the proposed approach were compared with the results achieved by the hybrid-hook system. Simulation results showed a better efficiency of the proposed approach in driving safety during a “comfort” situation.
Vulnerability of a top marine predator in one of the world’s most impacted marine environments (Arabian Gulf)

Knowledge of the habitat use of wildlife in highly impacted areas is essential to identify areas of biological importance and to implement appropriate conservation measures. The Arabian Gulf represents one of the most extreme marine environments and is considered one of the regions in the world with the greatest anthropogenic impact. Information on the habitat use and abundance of marine top predator species is, however, lacking, despite being a prerequisite for effective planning of conservation measures. Here, we provide novel information for the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops aduncus ) in the Arabian Gulf (Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates). Data from 80 daily surveys conducted between June 2014 and November 2019 were used both to assess correlates of bottlenose dolphin habitat use and relative density and to calculate mark-recapture abundance estimates. This study confirms the strong adaptability and tolerance of this top marine predator to extreme environmental conditions within a highly heterogeneous and impacted marine habitat. The observed preferences for areas with less human pressure were likely a result of the interactions of environmental factors with prey availability and human disturbance. This study also provides the first abundance estimates for a bottlenose dolphin population in the Arabian Gulf. Our findings support the call for increased marine-protected areas and the creation of transboundary conservation areas in the region. Regional connectivity should be of value to marine predators whose wide distribution and vulnerability to human activities means that alteration of their habitats can result in population declines and eventual local or regional extinctions.
The presence of E. coli as Bio-indicator of groundwater pollution in Tanah Sareal District, Bogor City, Indonesia

Settlement condition and human activities can cause contaminated of groundwater. Tanah Sareal Sub District in Bogor City is one of most populated area. Generally, community utilizes groundwater for the purposes of daily life. This research aims to evaluate the groundwater microbial pollution in Tanah Sareal Sub District of Bogor City and factors affecting of E. coli contamination in the community of groundwater. The influenced by depth of groundwater and distance of the well from the septic tank. The analysis was carried out on 11wells scattered throughout Tanah Sareal Sub District. The water samples were taken on 2 different times. The results of the analysis are compared with PERMENKES No. 32 year 2017. Most pollution caused by the activity around the location of samples that are in densely populated areas. According to data from the Bogor City Health Office in 2016 the largest diarrhea case was found in Tanah Sareal Sub District, which is 2119 cases. The quality of ground water in the district of Tanah Sareal classified as polluted and less feasible where all the sampling point number of total coliform and E. coli are high.
A Bayesian Conjugate Model for the Estimation of Friction Intensity

This paper addresses the Coulomb dry friction force as a technical indicator for fast and efficient condition-based maintenance. To estimate the value of friction force, the Bayesian analysis is used. Instead of the complex Markov Chain Monte Carlo numerical method, a closed-form analytical solution is applied. Thus, a simple and efficient procedure for friction estimation is described. Such a solution in the Bayesian context is known as the conjugate prior. The procedure presented here is verified numerically and experimentally by directly comparing the estimated value with the measured one. Two families of conjugate priors, the gamma-exponential and the normal-gamma, are compared. It is shown that the latter is suitable for friction estimation. An additional parameter, the precision parameter, was proposed as a criterion for the acceptance of estimation.
The Effect Of Managerial and Institutional Ownership Towards Earnings Management With Profitability As Moderating Variable

This research aims to predict the effect of managerial ownership and institutional ownership towards earnings management with profitability as moderating variable. Â The population of this research is 52 consumer goods industrial companies that are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange year 2016-2018. The sample of this research consists of 18 consumer goods industrial companies which are chosen using purposive sampling method. Technique of data analysis carried out in this research are multiple linear regression analysis and moderated regression analysis. The result of the research states that managerial ownership does not affect negatively towards the earnings management. That is because the managerial ownership is not capable to be the media of the corporate governance which could decrease interest disharmony between management with owner or shareholder. Â Besides, the percentage of managerial ownership in Indonesia is still low. So does institutional ownership does not negatively affect the earning management. It is because there are many institutions that less active in giving pressure to management activity and lacks of supervision towards the managementâ€™s work. Meanwhile, profitability with return on assets proxy is not able to weaken the effect of managerial ownership and institutional ownership towards earnings management. From the result of the research, it can be concluded that companies should increase the implementation of good corporate governance to decrease the practice of earning management. Besides, investors should be careful in their investments activities of a company.
Using feathers to map continental‐scale movements of waterbirds and wetland importance

Waterbirds are highly mobile, moving over large distances to access resources. Although consistent migration routes are observed in highly seasonal and predictable environments, movement patterns to utilize ephemeral resources in dryland environments are largely unknown. This makes conservation planning and water policy challenging as the relative importance of widely dispersed wetlands is difficult to rank. We addressed this challenge by combining a citizen science project with the novel application of X‐ray fluorescence of feathers to detect continental scale movement of waterbirds using elemental signatures. By doing so, we gained important insight into the movements of 24 waterbird species, including the significance of the Murray–Darling basin as a key source of waterbirds across the continent. Our approach highlights the benefits of elemental signatures to identify key areas of habitat use and priorities for wetland management.
Prevalence of Adaptive Narcissism and Its Demographic Correlations Among the Interns of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Adaptive narcissism is the presence of narcissistic personality traits in otherwise normal individuals. Considering the potential effects of narcissism on the medical profession. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of adaptive narcissism and its demographic correlations among a medical student population using self-assessment tools. Methods: Participants were selected through cluster sampling among students spending their internship in the Medical School of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in 2019 (N = 138). The 40-item Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-40) was used to assess the prevalence of adaptive narcissism. Next, the demographic correlations of narcissism were studied. Results: The prevalence of adaptive narcissism was 18.1%, with the NPI-40 mean score of 14.43. The self-sufficiency subscale of NPI-40 was correlated with the male gender (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Among medical interns, the whole constructs of adaptive narcissism are as high as found in a normal population and are not correlated with demographic characteristics of the given sample. The self-sufficiency subscale is positively correlated with the male gender.
IoT Based Smart Garbage Collection Using RFID Andsensors

Most of the places in India suffer from poor garbage disposal. In Indian cities due to the growth of population garbage disposal has become a challenging task for the municipality authority. Trashes are spread over the roads and vacant land in most of the places. This is due to disposal of garbage on the road instead of garbage bins. People are not able to dispose the garbage in garbage bin due to garbage overflow and not disposing the garbage frequently. If a city is aiming for smart city then it has to maintain the hygienic condition of the city, if garbage is not disposed properly then it becomes a crucial health issues since maintaining hygiene becomes a challenging task. So to overcome this and to maintain the garbage system the dust bins are attached with sensors and the data collected through the sensors are sent to the corporation office control room. This is enabled used a wireless communication technology. The level of the garbage is supervised using an Graphical user Interface which is integrated with the Android application. The dust bin location is traced with a help of GPS enabled in the garbage bin. The location of dustbin information is also tracked using the GPS system integrated with the garbage bin. If these devices are integrated then it will enable to reduced the overall time in tracking and disposing the dustbin on time, thus the dustbin in regularly monitored. The bin is attached with RFID reader, load cell, gas sensors, and humidity sensors. The bin is operated based on the RFID reader and sensors which opens the bin according to the dry and wet waste. The RFID tag is given to the public. The public needs to display the RFID tag to throw the trash in to the dustbin. The person who is throwing the maximum number of garbage is rewarded with points. The weight of the garbage thrown by the user is calculated by the load cell placed in the dustbin. By this way we can avoid the public throwing the garbage on streets. The humidity sensor is placed to separate the wet and dry waste. Thus it helps in the disposal of the garbage and avoid in spreading of diseases due to the trashes spread across the streets.
Preparation of Tin Oxide Nanostructures by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Two types of tin oxide self-assembly nanostructures, lotus flower-shaped and chrysanthemum-shaped, were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition method using gold nanoparticles as catalyst. The lotus flower-shaped tin oxide nanostructure com- prised a disc with mesh in nanoscale and a thin film of nanowires, whereas the chrysanthemum-shaped tin oxide nanostructure com- prised nanowires or nanobelts in a radicalized arrangement. X-ray diffraction spectra indicated that the former was composed of Sn and SnO2 and the latter was composed of only SnO2. By adjusting these two suits of experimental parameters, such as pressure, tem- perature, flow rate carrier gas or oxygen in the carrier gas, and then characterizing the products with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, possible growth mechanism for these two types of self-assembly tin oxide nanostructures was proposed.
In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extracts of Three Achillea Species from Turkey

: In this study, total phenolics and flavonoid compounds of methanolic extract concentrations of three medicinal plant, Asteraceae (Compositae) L. genus that are grown in Turkey and belong to the genus Achillea, were determined with the goal of measuring their antioxidant activities. Antioxidant capacity was measured by widely used iron reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging activity and metal chelating capacity. The antioxidant activities of the achillea extracts used in the study were compared with the standard antioxidants (BHA, BHT and α -tocopherol), which were frequently used as antioxidant food additives. According to the free radical scavenging activity antioxidant results, all the extracts exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than the standards used. The extract from A.boissieri showed remarkable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity (68.51% at 37.5 μg/mL) comparable with synthetic antioxidants. The ferric reducing antioxidant power was found to be moderate in methanolic extract of Achillea species, whereas the chelating capacity of the extracts were found to be lower as compared to the standards. In addition, total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol content of all extracts were measured spectrophotometrically and the results were expressed as "gallic acid equivalent" or "quercetin equivalent". The total phenolic content was expressed as equivalents of gallic acid and the results were observed to range from 11.86 to 23.63 mg/g dry extract weight. The total flavonoid concentrations of Achillea extracts were expressed as quercetin equivalent. Flavonoid content ranged from 15.05 to 29.70 mg/g. Total flavonol concentrations of the extracts were determined to be between 5.92 and 7.20 mg/g in terms of quercetin equivalent. This study showed that Achillea L. species, which has been used for treatment in Anatolia for years, can be used as a potential natural antioxidant source.
Process modeling for smart factories: using science mapping to understand the strategic themes, main challenges and future trends

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the relationships between process modeling and Industry 4.0, the strategic themes and the most used process modeling language in smart factories. The study also presents the growth of the field of study worldwide, the perspectives, main challenges, trends and suggestions for future works.Design/methodology/approachTo do this, a science mapping was performed using the software SciMAT, supported by VOS viewer.FindingsThe results show that the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), Unified Modelling Language (UML) and Petri Net are the most relevant languages to smart manufacturing. The authors also highlighted the need to develop new languages or extensions capable of representing the dynamism, interoperability and multiple technologies of smart factories.Originality/valueIt was possible to identify the most used process modeling languages in smart environments and understand how these languages assist control and manage smart processes. Besides, the authors highlighted challenges, new perspectives and the need for future works in the field.