Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dual plate osteosynthesis in bicondylar tibial plateau fractures-case series

Tibial plateau fractures accounts for about 1% of injuries. Various mechanisms have been described, resulting in milder form to serious injuries depending upon force of impact. High velocity injuries resulted from valgus or varus impacted forces combined with axial loading such as in Schatzker type 6. The ideal method of treatment for these fractures is always a matter of debate. As all intra-articular fractures necessitate anatomic reduction of the articular surface, restoration of axial alignment, and stable fixation, which can be achieved very well by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with dual plating. To study the functional and radiological outcome of Tibial plateau fractures treated surgically with dual plate osteosynthesis. 15 patients in the age group 18-60 were included. Rasmussens criteria was used to assess the functional and radiological outcomes with follow up period of 1 year prospectively. The outcome assessment using Rasmussens score concluded good results. The average duration for union was ­6 months. ROM achieved in these patients were to be at least 124 degrees. The infection rate in this study was accounted as 13.3%. Open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fractures, by dual plating has good functional and radiological outcome. This is an effective method of treatment even with moderate soft tissue injury if meticulous surgical technique, appropriate soft tissue handling and adequate healing period given. All these have shown to decrease the postoperative complications such as infection.
Home-based Physical Activity to Alleviate Fatigue in Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. ABSTRACT Purpose Physical activity (PA) affects fatigue and mental health in cancer survivors favorably, but participation in PA interventions tends to be low. More participants may be reached by home-based PA owing to greater accessibility and self-monitoring. This systematic review therefore evaluated the effects of home-based PA of low to moderate intensity on symptoms of fatigue, depression, and anxiety among cancer survivors. Methods PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials. We included investigations of home-based PA interventions in adults treated curatively for cancer and evaluating fatigue, depression, or anxiety as outcomes. We performed a random-effect meta-analysis for the effects of PA interventions on fatigue in the short and long terms. Subgroup analyses were performed for the frequency of counseling. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals are reported. Results Eleven articles comprising 1066 participants were included: 77% had a history of breast cancer; 14%, ovarian cancer; 4%, colorectal cancer; 4%, prostate cancer; and 1%, “other” cancer (not specified). Concerning the outcomes, nine articles reported on fatigue and two reported on depression or anxiety. Meta-analyses showed a significant effect of home-based PA on fatigue immediately after the intervention (SMD = 0.22 [0.06–0.37]), at 3 months’ follow-up (SMD = 0.27 [0.04–0.51]), and at 6–9 months’ follow-up (SMD = 0.31 [0.08–0.55]). PA interventions that used frequent counseling were associated with larger improvements in fatigue than those using no or infrequent counseling. Conclusions Home-based PA interventions can reduce fatigue among adult cancer survivors for up to 9 months, and frequent counseling may improve the benefits of these interventions.
Accelerated convergence treatment of R-n lattice sums

Abstract The accuracy and speed of evaluation of R−n lattice sums are dramatically improved by taking a Fourier transform of the long-range portion of the sum. The mathematical basis of the method for a composite lattice is reviewed. Formulas for practical evaluation of the sums in any crystal structure are given for n = 1 to 10.
Advancing higher-education practice by analyzing and training students' vocal charisma: Evidence from a Danish field study

Charismatic speaking skills, particularly those of the voice, are known to be an important asset of managers, politicians, and even teachers. Students have so far been less in the limelight in this regard, although modern collaborative-learning and oral-examination concepts suggest that vocal charisma can already be a decisive factor for study success as well. The present paper examines this question based on 82 electrical-engineering students. Their initial self-introductions in front of the other fellow students were analyzed using a new acoustic technology that translates 16 voice features into a total vocal charisma (PASCAL) score. Results show that these PASCAL scores are overall low (i.e. improvable) and positively correlated with the oral exam grades of both individual students and student teams. Moreover, the teams' PASCAL scores positively correlate with the per-formance in the "Marshmallow Challenge", i.e. a creative teamwork task. Additional in-depth analyses show that teams without any above-average charismatic student performed worst, but that teams with more than one above-average charismatic student struggled with leadership conflicts and solo actions. We interpret our findings as a strong plea for (vocal) charisma analysis to be integrated in higher-education practice both for managing team dynamics and performance and for increasing individual study success.
Status of the invasive mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L., 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1895) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Turkey

Aedes aegypti (L., 1762) ve Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1895) (Diptera: Culicidae) bircok arbovirusu tasiyan cok onemli vektorlerdir. Turkiye’de Ae. albopictus yumurtalari ilk defa 2011 yilinda Turkiye’nin kuzeybatisinda bulunan Trakya’da tespit edilmistir. 2015 yilinda ise yapilan calismalarla, Ae. albopictus ’un yayilimini genislettigi ortaya cikarilmis ve Ae. aegypti turu de Turkiye’nin kuzeydogusunda ilk defa tespit edilmistir. Bu calisma Ae. albopictus ve Ae. aegypti ’nin Turkiye’de 5 yil boyunca yayilim ve dagilimlarina dair bulgular veren ilk calismadir. 2019 yili itibariyla Ae. albopictus ve Ae. aegypti ’nin varligini tespit etmek icin 5 cografi bolgede (Karadeniz, Ic Anadolu, Marmara, Akdeniz ve Ege Bolgeleri) calismalar yapilmistir. Calismada lastikler, yapay konteynerler, mezarliklar, su siseleri ve dogal ureme habitatlari gibi tum potansiyel larva ureme alanlari kontrol edilmistir. Ayrica bazi alanlarda ovitrap ve ergin tuzaklari da kullanilarak orneklemeler yapilmistir. Sonuclar, Ae. albopictus ’un her yil yayilimini arttirdigini ve gelecek yillarda tum Turkiye’de yayilma potansiyeli tasidigini gostermistir. Aedes aegypti ’nin yayilimi ise simdilik sadece kuzeydogu ile sinirli kalmistir. Gelecekte yapilabilecek daha efektif surveyans ve kontrol calismalari da tartisilmistir.
DICE and the Carbon Budget for Ambitious Climate Targets

The Dynamic Integrated Climate‐Economy (DICE) model is one of the most influential Integrated Assessment Models available. Its founder Professor William Nordhaus was recently awarded Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel due to his pioneering work on the economics of climate change. In a recent paper in American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, Nordhaus uses the model to conclude that a 2.5°C target is almost out of reach. In this paper, we update DICE 2016 R2 with state‐of‐the‐art models of the carbon cycle, heat uptake into the oceans, and the role of non‐CO2 forcers. We find that the allowable remaining carbon budget (over the period 2015–2100) to meet a 2.5°C target to be 2,360 GtCO2 whereas the estimate obtained using DICE 2016 R2 is about 460 GtCO2. Nordhaus's estimate of the remaining carbon budget for this target is hence five times lower than estimates made by our updated DICE. We also compare our results with estimates by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and find our results to be in line with the carbon budgets presented in IPCC SR 1.5. We explain the reasons behind the difference between our result and that of Nordhaus and propose that an updated climate module in DICE is warranted.
The Testing Effect for Visual Materials Depends on Preexisting Knowledge

Remembering facilitates future remembering. This benefit of practicing by active retrieval, as compared to more passive relearning, is known as the testing effect and is one of the most robust findings in the memory literature. It has typically been assessed using verbal materials such as word pairs, sentences, or educational texts. We here investigate if memory for visual materials equally benefits from retrieval-mediated learning. Based on cognitive and neuroscientific theories, we hypothesize that testing effects will be limited to meaningful visual images that can be related to preexisting knowledge. In a series of four experiments, we systematically varied the type of material (meaningless “squiggle” shapes vs. meaningful object images) and the format of the test used to probe memory (a visually driven alternative forced-choice test vs. a remember/know recognition test). Within each experiment, we assessed the effects of practice type (retrieval or restudy) and the delay of the final test (immediate vs. 1 week) on the resulting practice benefits. Abstract shapes never showed a significant testing benefit, irrespective of test format. Meaningful object images did benefit from testing, particularly at long delays, and with a test format probing the recollective component of recognition memory. Together, our results indicate that retrieval can facilitate the recollection of visual images when they represent meaningful semantic units. This pattern of results is predicted by cognitive and neurobiologically motivated theories proposing that retrieval’s benefits emerge through spreading activation in semantic networks, producing more easily accessible and longer-lasting memory traces.
Numerical Model of Leachate Recirculation in Bioreactor Landfills with High Kitchen Waste Content

Surface spraying, horizontal trenches, and vertical wells are the most common leachate recirculation system used at landfills in engineering practice. In order to quantify the efficiency of the three aforementioned recirculation systems, a hydro–biochem–mechanical-coupled model was developed in the present work, which can describe hydrodynamic and biochemical behaviors in food-waste-rich landfills. A typical landfill cell was modeled in COMSOL. The results indicate that leachate recirculation can accelerate the decomposition of municipal solid waste (MSW) with food-rich waste content, relieving acidification, improving gas generation efficiency, and consequently, increasing the early settlement in landfills.
Pro-NGF Disrupts Adult Neurogenesis in Humans and Mice Affected by Alzheimer's Disease

In recent decades, neurogenesis in adult brain has been well demonstrated in a number of animal species, including humans. Interestingly, work with rodents has shown that adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus is vital for some cognitive aspects, as increasing neurogenesis improves memory while its disruption triggers the opposite effect. Adult neurogenesis declines with age and has been suggested to play a role in impaired progressive learning and memory loss seen in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, therapeutic strategies designed to boost adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be beneficial for the treatment of AD. The precursor forms of neurotrophins, such as pro-NGF, display remarkable increase during AD in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. In contrast to mature NGF, pro-NGF exerts adverse functions in survival, proliferation and differentiation. Hence, we hypothesized that pro-NGF and its receptor p75NTR contribute to disrupting adult hippocampal neurogenesis during AD. In this study, we took advantage of the availability of mouse models of AD (APP/PS1) and AD human samples to address the role of pro-NGF/p75NTR signalling in different aspects of adult neurogenesis. Neuroprogenitors of adult mice and human DG samples were identified by immunofluorescence with doublecortin (DCX) antibodies. Interestingly, DCX + progenitors in healthy humans and control animals express p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). However, this expression is notably decreased in AD conditions. In APP/PS1 mice, memory and cognition were severely impaired. In order to assess the contribution of the pro-NGF/p75NTR pathway to these memory deficits, we injected pro-NGF neutralizing antibodies (ANTI-PRONGF) into the DG of control and APP/PS1 mice which memory was evaluated in Morris water maze test. We observed that anti-pro-NGF injection significantly improved the performance of APP/PS1 animals, but not controls. Interestingly, improved memory in APP/PS1 animals after injection of ANTI-PRONGF correlated with an increase in DCX + progenitors in the DG region of these animals. In summary, our results suggest that pro-NGF is involved in disrupting spatial memory in AD, at least in part by blocking adult neurogenesis. Moreover, we propose that adult neurogenesis alteration could serve as alternative approach towards understanding AD pathology, and additionally offer pro-NGF/p75NTR signalling as a promising therapeutic target.
Maintaining pluralism when embedding computational thinking in required science and engineering classes with young adolescents

ABSTRACT Background and Context Computational thinking and practices (CT|P) are key competencies for learners in science and engineering. For studies with young adolescents as participants, manifested research philosophies are sometimes inconsistent with societal pluralisms. Objective Based on research literature from 2016 to early 2019 for CT|P in required science and engineering classes with youth ages 10-15 – a sensitive age range for cognitive and affective development – we wrote a literature review that argues for the use of more pluralistic and critical research philosophies, which will strengthen research design, implementation, and meta-inferences (Collins et al., 2012). Method We analyzed 20 qualifying studies per research philosophies common to mixed research, giving extra attention to studies that acknowledge cultural pluralisms, engage those pluralisms in conversation with each other, and ensure that historically marginalized populations have equiTable – not just equal – participation (Onwuegbuzie & Frels, 2013). Findings We found that studies consistently emphasized pragmatism-of-the-middle and communities of practice; sometimes operated within critical realist, pragmatism-of-the-right, or transformative-emancipatory philosophies; and rarely engaged in dialectical ways. Implications To avoid decontextualized or overly individualistic approaches that fail to address systemic and institutional social inequities (in education, housing, healthcare, policing, voting, etc.), future work should take more pluralistic and critical philosophical approaches. We highlight several exemplars in hope that research will support youth in maintaining and extending computational practices in culturally sustaining ways (Paris, 2012).
Large n- and p-type thermoelectric power factors from doped semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube thin films

Lightweight, robust, and flexible single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) materials can be processed inexpensively using solution-based techniques, similar to other organic semiconductors. In contrast to many semiconducting polymers, semiconducting SWCNTs (s-SWCNTs) represent unique one-dimensional organic semiconductors with chemical and physical properties that facilitate equivalent transport of electrons and holes. These factors have driven increasing attention to employing s-SWCNTs for electronic and energy harvesting applications, including thermoelectric (TE) generators. Here we demonstrate a combination of ink chemistry, solid-state polymer removal, and charge-transfer doping strategies that enable unprecedented n-type and p-type TE power factors, in the range of 700 μW m−1 K−2 at 298 K for the same solution-processed highly enriched thin films containing 100% s-SWCNTs. We also demonstrate that the thermal conductivity appears to decrease with decreasing s-SWCNT diameter, leading to a peak material zT ≈ 0.12 for s-SWCNTs with diameters in the range of 1.0 nm. Our results indicate that the TE performance of s-SWCNT-only material systems is approaching that of traditional inorganic semiconductors, paving the way for these materials to be used as the primary components for efficient, all-organic TE generators.
Energy and Water Savings during Backwashing of Rapid Filter Plants

This paper describes an analysis of the effects of adjusting the intensity of filter backwash to the water temperature. The consequences of the lack of such adjustment for the life of filter beds, the amount of water used for backwashing, the amount of energy used for backwashing and the quality of the first filtrate are presented. In order to determine the losses and profits resulting from controlling the intensity of backwash water depending on its temperature, an analysis was carried out at a water treatment plant in southern Poland. Laboratory measurements were used to determine the granulation and specific gravity of sand grains filling the filtration beds. On the basis of measurements on a semi-technical scale, the magnitudes of filter bed expansion were determined for average monthly wash water temperatures. They were first calculated from the Richardson–Zaki equation, using different formulae for the value of the exponent of the power in this equation. Due to significant differences in the density and shape of grains covered with a permanent deposit after several years of filter operation, a satisfactory match between the formulae known from the literature and the results of expansion measurements was not obtained. Therefore, an new formula for the bed expansion was developed based on the Richardson–Zaki equation. A good fit of this formula to the experimental results was obtained. Monthly average values of water temperature were compiled, and on this basis the required amount of backwash water and energy was computed. The computations were made for 25% of fluidized bed expansion. Possible energy and water savings were estimated, as well as further gains from keeping the required expansion of the porous bed constant regardless of the wash water temperature.
Carhart (1997) Mutual Fund Performance Persistence Disappears Out of Sample

Carhart (1997) found that U.S. equity mutual funds’ past-year returns positively predict their raw excess return and one-factor alpha over the next year. Based on these results, an investor may believe that she can earn higher returns by buying mutual funds with high past-year returns. We find that significant performance persistence does not exist in the post-Carhart 1994 to 2018 period. Even during the Carhart 1963 to 1993 period, performance persistence weakened in later years. The disappearance of performance persistence is due to lower returns to favorable styles, as well as less favorable style tilts and increased style-adjusted underperformance by past winning funds.
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Responsive Nanoprobe For Bioimaging And Targeted Therapy of Osteoarthritis

Stimulus-responsive therapy that allows precise imaging-guided therapy is limited for osteoarthritis (OA) therapy due to the selection of proper physiological markers as stimulus. Based on that the over-production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is one of the leading causes of OA, we selected ROS as markers and designed a cartilage-targeting and ROS-responsive theranostic nanoprobe that is highly specific for effective bioimaging and therapy of OA. This nanoprobe was fabricated by using PEG micelles modified with ROS-sensitive thioketal linkers (TK) and cartilage-targeting peptide, termed TKC, which was then encapsulated with Dexamethasone (DEX) to form TKC@DEX nanoparticles. Results showed that the nanoprobe can smartly “turn on” in response to excessive ROS and “turn off” in the normal joint. By applying different doses of ROS inducer and ROS inhibitor, this nanoprobe can emit ROS-dependent fluorescence according to the degree of OA severity, helpful to precise disease classification in clinic. Specifically targeting cartilage, TKC@DEX could effectively respond to ROS and sustained release DEX to remarkably reduce cartilage damage in the OA joints. This smart, sensitive and endogenously activated ROS-responsive nanoprobe is promising for OA theranostics.
Campus Planning and Architecture: A comparative Study of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) and University of Ghana (LEGON)

A university campus is a place full of memorable experiences and a sense of place. It is an environment that potentially creates a social and intellectual exchange of ideas and brings together diverse people. Campus planning is one essential need for any higher institution and is an instrument used for directing, promoting, and securing orderly physical development of an institution Campus planning present unique opportunities for demonstrating and popularizing contemporary tendencies in urban planning. The purpose of this study is to explore the overall concepts of the campus planning and architecture of the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (Knust) And University of Ghana (Legon). The Study was based mainly on two methods; Documentary research and qualitative Observation to have in depth knowledge about the campuses. Through field observation, the study was limited to the spatial organization and planning, site layout and master planning, land use, use of space, and architectural details. The study adopts A Comparative Analysis Approach and found out that Campus Planning Concept varies and unique to campuses and in developing a campus plan, it involves a time-consuming dynamic process and besides, there are neither shortcuts nor one approach or generic solution to that. The study also revealed that Iconic and unique buildings are usually found on university campuses.
One-Pot Combination of Metal- and Bio-Catalysis in Water for the Synthesis of Chiral Molecules

During the last decade, the combination of different metal- and bio-catalyzed organic reactions in aqueous media has permitted the flourishing of a variety of one-pot asymmetric multi-catalytic reactions devoted to the construction of enantiopure and high added-value chemicals under mild reaction conditions (usually room temperature) and in the presence of air. Herein, a comprehensive account of the state-of-the-art in the development of catalytic networks by combining metallic and biological catalysts in aqueous media (the natural environment of enzymes) is presented. Among others, the combination of metal-catalyzed isomerizations, cycloadditions, hydrations, olefin metathesis, oxidations, C-C cross-coupling and hydrogenation reactions, with several biocatalyzed transformations of organic groups (enzymatic reduction, epoxidation, halogenation or ester hydrolysis), are discussed.