Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
QUASAR Deliverable D 2 . 4 Detection performance with multiple secondary interference

In this deliverable we study the secondary transmission opportunity in the presence of multiple secondary devices and systems. We propose generic power allocation algorithms for multiple secondary devices while at the same time limiting the probability of harmful aggregate interference to the primary receivers. For the distribution of the aggregate interference the Fenton-Wilkinson approximation has 1 Dissemination level codes: PU = Public PP = Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) RE = Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO = Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services) QUASAR Document: D2.4 (ICT-248303) Date: 31.03. 2012 QUASAR DISTRIBUTION Page 2 of 94 © QUASAR and the authors been utilized and found to fulfil the original probability constraints with good precision. The proposed power allocation algorithms are found to allocate higher transmission power levels and be simpler compared to the current proposals by the European Communication Committee. They can be used to simplify the practical database implementation. Also, we consider multiple cooperating secondary devices looking for transmission opportunities by using spectrum sensing. We propose three novel primary signal detection algorithms based on cooperative spectrum measurements (beamformed cooperative spectrum sensing, time-domain combining spectrum sensing, correlation-based detection using identification sequences), one protocol for reporting the spectrum sensing measurements to a fusion centre and one algorithm for detecting the presence and location of primary and other secondary transmitters. The proposed cooperative detection algorithms are found to perform better compared to the conventional Equal Gain Combining. Also, the proposed protocol for reporting the local decisions to the fusion centre allows higher secondary throughput compared to the conventional round-robin multiple access schemes. Finally, we study how the cooperative spectrum measurements can be used to reduce the performance gap between database-based and sensing-based power allocation in the secondary devices.
3-D Synapse Array Architecture Based on Charge-Trap Flash Memory for Neuromorphic Application

In order to address a fundamental bottleneck of conventional digital computers, there is recently a tremendous upsurge of investigations on hardware-based neuromorphic systems. To emulate the functionalities of artificial neural networks, various synaptic devices and their 2-D cross-point array structures have been proposed. In our previous work, we proposed the 3-D synapse array architecture based on a charge-trap flash (CTF) memory. It has the advantages of high-density integration of 3-D stacking technology and excellent reliability characteristics of mature CTF device technology. This paper examines some issues of the 3-D synapse array architecture. Also, we propose an improved structure and programming method compared to the previous work. The synaptic characteristics of the proposed method are closely examined and validated through a technology computer-aided design (TCAD) device simulation and a system-level simulation for the pattern recognition task. The proposed technology will be the promising solution for high-performance and high-reliability of neuromorphic hardware systems.
A quantitative analysis of farmland and households' livelihood in rural Vietnam

Using data from the 2014 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey, this study employs cluster analysis techniques to provide the first classification of five livelihood strategies pursued by rural households. The methodology also included a comparison between the per capita household income across livelihood strategies using the Bonferroni pairwise tests. The authors found that households with non-farming or wage-earning livelihoods achieved the highest income levels, while those depending on farm-related incomes or a mix of wage-earning and farm-related incomes had the lowest income levels. Furthermore, factors associated with the choice of livelihoods were investigated using a multinomial logit model. The findings reveal that farmland is negatively associated with the choice of high return livelihood strategies. This suggests that access to farmland is not a potential barrier to the pursuit of lucrative strategies. In addition, the education level of household heads proved to have a positive effect on the pursuit of remunerative strategies. The authors also found that households living in communes with minimal infrastructure and non-farming job opportunities have a more significant chance to adopt high-return livelihoods.
Can a Machine Learn to See Horse Pain? An Interdisciplinary Approach Towards Automated Decoding of Facial Expressions of Pain in the Horse

Because pain is a manifestation of disease, effective pain evaluation is of cardinal importance. Behavioural standardized scales have become key tools for pain evaluation in animals. However, prey animals are challenging as they may display subtle to no visible behaviours during direct observation. Consequently, Machine Learning bears the promise of being a useful clinical and educational tool for many reasons. It can offer pain surveillance 24-7 without disturbing animals; it can generate real-time analysis and warning signals instanteously; and it can transfer valuable expert pain knowledge to novices through illustrative visuals for a better consensus. We have focused on the coding of the equine facial expression of pain an important spontaneous component of pain behaviour as the primary basis of Machine Learning input metrics. First, specific anatomy points of key interest are registered as “keypoints. ” As there are currently no large animal databases that can be used as reference material for training the machines to recognize these key points, members of our team have created an ingenious solution. They have created a method for transferring human database recognition of facial keypoints to the facial expression of horses and sheep, with an impressive low failure rate. The next step is to move from detection of still images to video for better accuracy. The strength of our team is the interdisciplinary approach to address pain, with potentially translational implications for better health and well-being for human and non-human animals.
Ring Resonator Method for Dielectric Permittivity Measurements of Foams

DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY MEASUREMENT OF FOAMS by Isaac Waldron A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering May 3, 2006 Approved by: ____________________ Sergey Makarov Thesis Advisor ECE Department ____________________ Reinhold Ludwig Thesis Committee ECE Department
On Socio-Economic Predictors of Religious Intolerance: Evidence from a Large-Scale Longitudinal Survey in the Largest Muslim Democracy

Motivated by increasing religious intolerance, we study the socio-economic covariates of individual-level religious intolerance in Indonesia, the largest Muslim democracy in the world. We use panel data from 2007 and 2014 of more than 20,000 adult individuals (representing 83% of the population) and apply fixed-effect regression analysis to identify relevant socio-economic characteristics that are highly associated with religious intolerance at the individual level. We utilize survey questions on willingness to accept someone with different faith living in the same village, living in the same neighborhood, renting a house, marrying relatives or children, and building a place of worship in the neighborhood as our measures of religious intolerance. We find that higher individual income and educational attainment are positively correlated with the tolerance level. At the same time, a higher level of self-declared religiosity is negatively correlated with a tolerant attitude. For location-specific characteristics, higher income inequality and extent of poverty in the location where an individual resides are associated with a higher level of religious intolerance. These patterns are generally robust across different measures of religious intolerance, although there is heterogeneity in the magnitudes of the correlations, where these covariates have the smallest correlations with the willingness to accept interfaith marriage in the family.
Expecting the Unexpected : Measuring Uncertainties in Mobile Robot Path Planning in Dynamic Envionments

Unexpected obstacles pose significant challenges to mobile robot navigation. In this paper we investigate how, based on the assumption that unexpected obstacles really follow patterns that can be exploited, a mobile robot can learn the locations within an environment that are likely to contain obstacles, and so plan optimal paths by avoiding these locations in subsequent navigation tasks. We propose the DUNC (Dynamically Updating Navigational Confidence) method to do this. We evaluate the performance of the DUNC method by comparing it with existing methods in a large number of randomly generated simulated test environments. Our evaluations show that, by learning the likely locations of unexpected obstacles, the DUNC method can plan more efficient paths than existing approaches to this problem.
Frontiers in Dentistry

Article type: Original Article Objectives: The dental profession has a special place of trust in the society, and dental clinicians must adhere to ethical standards in all dental procedures. Ethical conduct is one of the main expectations of individuals from this profession. The aim of this study was to design and develop dental ethical codes for national implementation in Iran. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was performed using directed content analysis method and purposive sampling. Data were collected until saturation through 15 semi-structured face-to-face individual interviews and two expert panels with academic staffs from dental faculties in Tehran, Iran. Results: Data were classified into five principles and 90 codes. The principles included consideration of patients’ interest as a priority, respect for human dignity and patient autonomy, confidentiality of patient information, the excellence of knowledge and skills, and building trust. Conclusion: The ethical codes for Iranian dentists were drafted considering Islamic teachings and the prevailing culture. Some codes were exclusively developed for the cultural atmosphere of Iran especially on topics such as interaction with patients previously treated by other dentists. Some codes addressed the principles of consultation and continuing the therapeutic communication with such patients. Some items have not been considered in codes released by other associations, such as religious considerations in Islamic cover and alcohol consumption that were taken into consideration in this draft. These codes can serve as a guide for professional practice of dentists. It seems that these sets can help us reach the standardized code.
The Reasonable Effectiveness of Data in ATM

Data Science has recently emerged as a fundamental paradigm for understanding the characteristics and dynamics of many real systems, enabling innovative approaches in such different scientific fields as astronomy or sociology. In spite of this success, far less attention has been devoted to the analysis of historical data in air transport and ATM, mainly due to the difficulties inherent the study of private and heterogeneous data sets. In this contribution, a simple case study is proposed, aimed at demonstrating the advantages of using such approach, especially in terms of novel knowledge that can be extracted even from basic analyses. Two different techniques are here compared, both aimed at assessing traffic densities: a classical one based on sectors, and a novel one based on multiple concentric circles. Results indicate that the latter yields more knowledge about the system, specifically about the appearance of safety-related events. More generally, this test case confirms the importance of going beyond human-based analysis, in order to listening to the data.
Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder in which repetitive upper airway obstructive events occur during sleep. These events can induce hypoxia, which is a risk factor for multiple cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. OSA is also known to be position-dependent in some patients, which is referred to as positional OSA (pOSA). Screening for pOSA is necessary in order to design more personalized and effective treatment strategies. In this article, we propose analyzing accelerometry signals, recorded with a smartphone, to detect and monitor OSA at home. Our objectives were to: (1) develop an algorithm for detecting thoracic movement associated with disordered breathing events; (2) compare the performance of smartphones as OSA monitoring tools with a type 3 portable sleep monitor; and (3) explore the feasibility of using smartphone accelerometry to retrieve reliable patient sleep position data and assess pOSA. Accelerometry signals were collected through simultaneous overnight acquisition using both devices with 13 subjects. The smartphone tool showed a high degree of concordance compared to the portable device and succeeded in estimating the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and classifying the severity level in most subjects. To assess the agreement between the two systems, an event-by-event comparison was performed, which found a sensitivity of 90% and a positive predictive value of 80%. It was also possible to identify pOSA by determining the ratio of events occurring in a specific position versus the time spent in that position during the night. These novel results suggest that smartphones are promising mHealth tools for OSA and pOSA monitoring at home. INDEX TERMS accelerometry, biomedical signal processing, mHealth, monitoring, sleep apnea, sleep position, smartphone
Semantic Driven Service Discovery for Interoperability in Web Information Systems

Semantic integration and interoperability in Web Information Systems is a major crucial issue of the recent years. Semantics is particularly important to share and integrate information and services in open P2P environments, where the lack of a common understanding of the world generates the need for explicit guidance in discovering available resources. Nowadays, ontologies supply a common basis for various research areas, wherever semantics is involved. Their use as means to share descriptions of available resources is being investigated for content discovery also in P2P systems and, in particular, ontology-based techniques are at the core of many proposals related to service discovery. In this paper we propose a semantic-driven service discovery approach in a P2P scenario, where peers are organized in semantic communities for integration and interoperability purposes. Specific ontologies are defined to add semantics to service descriptions and to guide service discovery
Trends of Handgrip Strength in Students of North Indian City of Amritsar and Its Correlations with Demographic Characteristics

Measurement of handgrip strength is commonly performed by physiotherapists to measure baseline deficiency in hand muscle power, to monitor progress during rehabilitation, and to document outcome after rehabilitation. The present study deals with the trends of handgrip strength (both dominant and non-dominant) of randomly selected 2167 Indian students (1101 male and 1066 female) aged 6- 25 years collected from various schools, colleges and Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, and its correlations with demographic characteristics. Handgrip strength was measured by standard technique. In results, statistically significant differences (p<0.003-0.001) of dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength were found in all the age groups, except 6,7, 11,12,13 years between the male and female students. Both in male and female students, the increase in dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength were continuous until 13 years of age, after which male students were significantly stronger than female students. The dominant handgrip strength was found to have significantly positive correlations (p<0.05-0.01) with high and moderate socio-economic status, height and body weight of the subjects.
Diabetic Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Dammam and Qatif, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

Gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy is reportedly common in diabetes mellitus. Increased the awareness among physicians toward gastrointestinal symptoms among diabetics is important for improving both diabetic care and quality of life of the affected patient. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms, and to identify the most common gastrointestinal symptoms and its relationship with diabetic factors among adult diabetic patients in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study of diabetic patients who were being followed Primary health care centers and Hospitals, in Dammam and Qatif areas, Eastern province, Saudi Arabia. The diabetic patients were invited to participate in the questionnaire through interviewing them. Gastrointestinal symptoms were assessed using a validated structured questionnaire which was modified, it divided into two gastrointestinal categories (upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms) and consisting of 22 individual symptoms. Results: Among the total of 356 diabetic patients (92.7% response rate), 310 (87%) had at least one gastrointestinal symptom, 298 (84%) had at least one upper gastrointestinal symptom, and 239 (67%) had at least one lower gastrointestinal symptom. Flatulence was the most common upper gastrointestinal symptoms; hard stool & constipation were the most common lower gastrointestinal symptoms. Female patients showed independently risk factor for prevalence of GI symptoms. Among the diabetic factors, the HbA1c >8%, and long duration of diabetes were significantly related to prevalence of GI symptoms. In addition, type 2 diabetes was a risk factor for lower GI symptoms. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms was more common in patients with retinopathy and autonomic nervous dysfunction.
Advances in Digital Meteorological Services (DMET) for ATM Aviation Meteorology in support of air traffic optimization and automation

A change is required in the meteorological support for the future Air Traffic Management (ATM) System. New concepts of weather services must be tailored to safe efficient aviation requirements: improved accuracy, increased data availability, real time support, digital service and the use of shared information are some of the basis aimed to achieve the trajectory optimization, automation of operations, and fuel & time costreductions. DMET (Digital Meteo Service) paves the way for a net-centric service-oriented ATM system architecture where available data, air-ground connectivity and modern computational resources are taken advantage of to attain a 4D predictive model of atmospheric properties specifically designed for real-time support to aircraft operations. The effort, conducted as part of the ATLANTIDA project, consists of the prototyping of a digital service computing atmospheric data from several sources into a 4D predictive scenario that is periodically available to subscribers. By using many data sources -forecasts from global and mesoscale weather models, live observations provided by ground stations and the introduction of local airborne observations-, a well-tailored forecast product is developed. It consists of a 4D grid of pressure, temperature and wind data fields that are valid into an airspace cube of about 150 × 150 × 20 km, within a time interval of 2.5 hours. On top of this model, minimum time, minimum consumption and other interesting cost–effective mechanisms in the weather use are covered, all being processed remotely in a supercomputing centre. Keywords-component; digital meteorological model; air traffic automation; trajectory prediction; atmospheric wind; 4D grid; supercomputing; data assimilation
Effect of Regularization parameter on Total Variation based Denoising of Magnetic Resonance Images

Noise affects Magnetic Resonance (MR) images, due to which the problem of inaccurate medical diagnosis occurs. Therefore noise removal is an important task while dealing MR images. In this paper, the discrete total variation method has been discussed and analysed for removing noise from Magnetic Resonance Images. The effect of regularization parameter lambda has been studied for denoising. This method has been extensively experimented with MR images by varying the parameter lambda. The evaluation metrics are Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE). The experiment demonstrated that the value of PSNR decreases and MSE increases as the value of lambda increases from 0.01 to 1.0. The noise is reduced and contrast is improved.
Cytologia 72(1): 77–82, 2007

Cytogenetic and RAPD markers variations were studied in 10 tetraploid cotton cultivars. ANOVA test revealed significant differences in cytogenetic characteristics including chiasma frequency and distribution as well as chromosome pairing among the studied genotypes, indicating their genomic differences. Quadrivalents were formed in all the cultivars except 1, while post pachytene diffuse stage, chromosome stickiness and laggards occurred almost in all the cultivars studied. Twenty-seven RAPD primers out of 30 could produce bands. In total 362 bands were obtained in which 69 were polymorphic (19.00%) and 293 bands were monomorph (81.00%). The cultivar No. 200 possessed the highest number of bands while No. 228 and Gukurova possessed the lowest number. Among the RAPD bands produced, 8 were specific in the cultivar No. 200 and 3 in the cultivar V. Sahel X 4-S-4, indicating the use of RAPD markers in cotton cultivars discrimination. Grouping of the cultivars based on cytogenetic and molecular markers were partly in agreement. A combination of morphological, cytogenetic and RAPD molecular markers may be of grate use in planning the cotton hybridization and breeding programs.
Feasibility of corporatism

By considering a standard game between the Government and a union, we first investigate the effects of corporatism (defined as “collaboration and accord between major economic groupings”) on macroeconomic performance. We then introduce the issue of the feasibility of corporatism. We find that, although corporatism generally increases social welfare, it is difficult to be implemented since it often reduces the union’s utility. This result underlines the importance of, and the need for, a side-payment design in corporatist countries, which is however an issue beyond the scope of this paper. JEL: E24, E61, E31, E58 and J51.
A Stable Qualitative Movement Control System based on Propositional Dynamic Logic

We present a qualitative movement control system based on Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL). Firstly, we obtain an stable qualitative representation by means of hysteresis loops. Second, we build the qualitative movement control system, in order to represent relative movement of an object with respect to another, that is capable to perform qualitative composition of qualitative relations. Third, we express the control rules of the system by using PDL. Finally, we implement the framework in Robotic Operating System (ROS) and test it with the computer simulator STAGE, which indicate possibility to use our system in real world applications.