Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STEM as a Means for Students’ Science Learning

This paper aims to describe the outcomes of a STEM project implemented in five different school clusters. It involved the delivery of STEM curriculum projects, focusing on the contextualization of the curriculum in the students’ reality. The study aims to describe students’ learning during the development of the project. The research reported in this study is qualitative, adopting an interpretative orientation. Participants were 1097 students belonging to five school clusters from distinct regions of Portugal. The students came from 52 different primary classrooms (n=941), mostly from Year 3 and Year 4, and 9 lower secondary classrooms (n=156), aged between 8 and 15 years-old. Due to the diversity of school clusters and local contexts, the curriculum projects had many differences, even though they were based in the same curriculum guidelines. Data sources were focus group interviews and written documents. The results showed that all curriculum projects allowed students to have positive learning experiences and to develop a significant number of competencies. They mobilized specific scientific knowledge related to the activities, developed scientific competencies such as, to formulate questions, appreciate, justify and evaluate different perspectives, plan, deliver an investigation and communicate their findings, as well as transversal competencies related with the design. diversidade dos agrupamentos de escolas e contextos locais, os projetos curriculares STEM foram distintos, mas tiveram como base a mesma matriz curricular. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas em grupo focado e documentos escritos. Os resultados mostram que os projetos curriculares permitiram aos alunos realizar experiências de aprendizagem positivas e desenvolver um número significativo de competências. Em particular, os alunos mobilizaram conhecimentos científicos relacionados com as atividades desenvolvidas, desenvolveram competências científicas tais como formular questões, considerar, justificar e avaliar diferentes perspetivas, planificar, concretizar uma investigação e comunicar os seus resultados, bem como competências relacionadas com o design .
Assessment of Temperature Anomalies Trend at Local Scale for Delhi, India

In recent years, climatic change is one of the major concerns of the society. Long term variation in meteorological parameters at a location indicates climate change. Anthropogenic activities arising from land use land cover change are one of the causative factors of climate change in addition to other factors like gaseous pollution. The effects of climate change are more pronounced at local and regional level as compared to global level. Further, urban areas are more susceptible for climate change due to more anthropogenic activities, conversion of pervious areas into impervious areas, more vehicular pollution and industrialization. Climate change is being assessed through trend analysis of presentative meteorological variables like detection and trend analysis of temperature anomalies. In recent past more emphasis has been given to discuss the role of gaseous pollution in climate change. However, still relative contribution or role of human driven anthropogenic activities in climate change like impact of land use land cover change on climate has not been understood well. Urban areas are the hub of such activities leading to more climate change which means large population is under risk of adverse climate change effects. Delhi, capital of India in the National capital Region (NCR) is one of the largest city in the world have undergone drastic land use land cover change in recent decades. Therefore, climate change assessment through trend analysis of representative climatic parameter like temperature is more important at local scale especially for urban areas. Presented work is aimed to assess the possible climate change in Delhi through trend analysis of temperature anomalies at different temporal scales such as annual and seasonal level. The Mann-Kendall, Modified Mann-Kendall test and other statistical techniques were used for detection of trend and shift in temperature anomalies. The results of the study show significant increasing trends in temperature at different temporal resolutions, which indicates possible climate change.
Simulated Determination of Accuracy Requirement for Control Points III Intersection Networks in High-Speed Railway

To meet the accuracy requirement of relative positioning,it is necessary to perform the further investigation on the form of CPⅢ(control points Ⅲ) control networks and the precision evaluation of observations from field surveying.By combining the standard with the improved forms of CPⅢ control networks,a rigorous method for accuracy estimation based on the parameter adjustment of side-angle measurement network was proposed.A simulated test was performed to investigate the relative accuracy between points,and the necessary precision assessment for field observations was further discussed.The research result shows that the azimuth measurement accuracy of less than ±1″ and the distance measurement accuracy of less than ±(1+1×10-6) mm in a high-speed railway system are respectively required.The research provides a reference for the revision of the present measurement specification for high-speed roadway and the selection of surveying methods for ballastless track.
Horizontal Slice Method for the Stability Analysis of Reinforced Slopes

Relevant national codes usually require the transmitting coefficient method to be employed for the stability analysis of slope reinforcement,in which sliding mass is usually divided into a number of vertical slices.For some support technologies,such as rock bolting and anchor cable,the intersections between the slices and the anchor-bar,and the forces mobilized in the reinforcements are different from the assumptions in this method.Thus the transmitting coefficient method confronts some difficulties during practical applications,which would influence the project quality of reinforcements.A new Horizontal Slice Method was proposed based on the overseas relevant literatures to overcome these difficulties in the stability analysis of rock bolting and anchor cable slopes.
The Nature of Experience Project ∗ – Results according to Study Plan –

The original document presents the research design for the Nature of Experience Project. This description should serve to help readers understand the context and the motivation for specific design choices, the hypotheses to be tested, as well as the planned implementation of the experiment, while maintaining flexibility with regards to the publication strategy of the eventual findings. The updated plan contains the results on the tests of the original hypotheses and the description of an additional treatment with corresponding hypotheses. This document adds the test results according to the updated plan from October 10, 2019, completing this study.
Decrease in Collagen Productionin Normaland RousSarcomaVirus transformedChick EmbryoFibroblastsInducedby Phorbol MyristateAcetate1

The effect ofthe potent tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on collagen synthesis, a differentiated prop erty of chick embryo fibroblasts, was examined. Collagen syn thesis, as measured by the rate of formation of [3H]hydroxypro line from [3H]proiine, was found to be decreased in cells treated with PMA but not in cells treated with the parent alcohol phorbol. The decrease in collagenase-sensitive proteins was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell lysates, indicating that the decrease could not be ascribed simply to an effect on prolyl hydroxylase. Although a decrease in collagen synthesis was observed after one day, five days were required for a maximal reduction to 20% of that of dimethyl suifoxide treated controls. The effect of PMA on collagen synthesis was reversible. It was therefore not the result of a permanent transformation of the cells or of the selection of a population of cells with a reduced capacity for collagen synthesis. Collagen synthesis was decreased in chick embryo fibroblasts trans formed by Rous sarcoma virus. Treatment of these cells with PMA for 5 days broughtabout a further decrease to 50% of the level in dimethyl sulfoxide-treated transformed controls.
Inhibition of Growth by Transforming Growth Factor-@ following Fusion of Two Nonresponsive Human Carcinoma Cell Lines

Loss of growth regulation by transforming growth factor+ (TGF-b) may be an important step in carcinogenesis. We have used a cell fusion system to show that inhibition of growth by TGF-/3 can be restored to carcinoma cell lines that are unresponsive to the inhibitory effects of TGF-8. In a previous study, the EJ bladder carcinoma line was fused to the SW480 colon adenocarcinoma line and found to produce nontumorigenic hybrid cells along with one hybrid cell clone of low tumorigenicity. Here we show that the capacity of the nontumorigenic hybrid cells to respond to either TGF-81 or TGF-82 has been restored, while the parental or tumorigenic hybrid cells show little or no inhibition of growth following TGF-8 treatment. Crosslinking analyses with labeled TGF-81 demonstrated much higher levels of the type I1 (85 kDa) receptor in the hybrid cells compared with the parental tumor lines. Both the parental and tumorigenic hybrid cell lines were capable of responding to TGF-0 as evidenced by increased levels of mRNA for fibronectin, type IV collagenase, and plasminogen activator inhibitor after treatment with TGF-Bl. These results suggest that the type I1 receptor is necessary for mediating the effects of TGF-@ on inhibition of growth but not on gene activation of the hybrid cells.
A reflective journey with a college leader managing change in her own organization by employing an action research approach

This study investigates emergent problems by taking on the double role of being a leader and change agent in my own organization. An action research methodology was employed to deal with role conflicts and dynamic change processes. The findings were gained over a period of three years, working through four action research cycles. They provide, on the one hand, insights into how I solved arising conflicts concerning the double role, and, on the other hand, how frame-breaking change was managed by applying an action research stance. For the former, I entered a personal reflection discourse for analysing emerging data generated from managing new realities and changing relationships with my co-researchers. This meant that my literature review focused on change and diagnostic instruments of change, as well as on leadership models and leadership styles. The advantage was that I had to study the relevant theories in real time and could apply them directly. Simultaneously, however, I also had to reflect emerging problems by employing these theories in my leadership and research practice. For this continuous and two-way reflection process I utilized a personal diary. Using an action research approach proved to be time- and labour-intensive, as well as an emotionally demanding process. However, it allowed me to steer and lead through change and empower my co-researchers to discover positive solutions to cope with frame-breaking transformation. The methodology of action research supported a systematic approach to transformation in order to realize the necessary adaptations.
RepRodução AnimAl EFFECT OF SHEEP DIETS WITH MACADAMIA BY-PRODUCT AND PROTECTED FAT ON THE QUALITY OF FRESH AND FROZEN SEMEN1

The ruminant diet is characterized by low lipid concentration, resulting from traditional diets composed by forage species. The use of agro industrial byproducts in animal feed may be interesting, once it reduces production costs and reduces environmental contamination. Among them, macadamia is known for interesting protein and carbohydrate contents; however, it is the amount of lipids that make it different. Fat supplementation can raise concentrations of blood cholesterol, a precursor metabolite of steroid hormones, which constitute biological membranes and possess specific and essential biological activities. The semen characteristics should be taken into account in the selection of the breeding herds, and the semen analysis makes it possible to evaluate the fertility of the sheep and allows obtaining important conclusions based on its results. The objective was to evaluate the seminal quality of Morada Nova sheep breed consuming diets supplemented with macadamia residue and protected fat. The experiment was carried out with 24 rams aged 18 or 30 months, distributed in four treatment groups: control (C), 50 g (MAC50) or 150 g (MAC150) of macadamia industrial byproduct; and 50 g of protected fat (Megalac®), added to the concentrate. Semen was collected at four intervals: before supplementation (day 0), 30, 60 and 75 days after the beginning of supplementation, and it was taken the measurements of volume, appearance, motility, vigour, turbulence, concentration and morphology. At days 60 and 75, semen was frozen for determination of plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity and mitochondrial activity after thawing. Analysis of variance was performed and the means were compared by the SNK test. In the analysis of fresh semen, a significant effect (p<0.05) of the treatments on motility was observed. For cryopreserved semen, there was no significate difference (p>0.05). The inclusion of 50 or 150 g of macadamia residue or 50 g of Megalac in the diet does not alter the quantitative and qualitative aspects of fresh and post-thawed semen.
CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF THE LEEDS FOOD PREFERENCE QU ESTIONNAIRE IN

eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can’t change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/
β -Lapachone-mediated Apoptosis in Human Promyelocytic Leukemia (HL-60) and Human Prostate Cancer Cells: A p53-independent Response 1

β -Lapachone and certain of its derivatives directly bind and inhibit topoisomerase I (Topo I) DNA unwinding activity and form DNA-Topo I complexes, which are not resolvable by SDS-K + assays. We show that β -lapachone can induce apoptosis in certain cells, such as in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) and human prostate cancer (DU-145, PC-3, and LNCaP) cells, as also described by Li et al . (Cancer Res., 55 : 0000–0000, 1995). Characteristic 180-200-bp oligonucleosome DNA laddering and fragmented DNA-containing apoptotic cells via flow cytometry and morphological examinations were observed in 4 h in HL-60 cells after a 4-h, ≥0.5 μM β -lapachone exposure. HL-60 cells treated with camptothecin or topotecan resulted in greater apoptotic DNA laddering and apoptotic cell populations than comparable equitoxic concentrations of β -lapachone, although β -lapachone was a more effective Topo I inhibitor. β -Lapachone treatment (4 h, 1–5 μM) resulted in a block at G 0 /G 1 ,with decreases in S and G 2 /M phases and increases in apoptotic cell populations over time in HL-60 and three separate human prostate cancer (DU-145, PC-3, and LNCaP) cells. Similar treatments with topotecan or camptothecin (4 h, 1–5 μM) resulted in blockage of cells in S and apoptosis. Thus, β -lapachone causes a block in G 0 /G 1 of the cell cycle and induces apoptosis in cells before, or at early times during, DNA synthesis. These events are
ON THE STABILITY OF θ-METHODS FOR STOCHASTIC VOLTERRA INTEGRAL EQUATIONS

The paper is focused on the analysis of stability properties of a family of numerical methods designed for the numerical solution of stochastic Volterra integral equations. Stability properties are provided with respect to the basic test equation, as well as to the convolution test equation. For each equation, stability properties are intended both in the mean-square and in the asymptotic sense. Stability regions are also provided for a selection of methods. Numerical experiments confirming the theoretical study are also given.
IJOMS Vol 19-43.indd

Introduction Maxillary palatal expansion is widely used in orthodontics, Angell (1)and White(2)first published their pioneering work using this technique in 1860. Palatal expansion is thought to be effective for gaining arch width and space as well as for eliminating the transverse discrepancy. Colleen et al. (3)reported that there was no difference in longitudinal intermolar width stability in patients treated with palatal expansion during the mixed dentition stage compared with the permanent dentition stage. Additionally, early palatal expansion can guide normal occlusal development and eliminate crossbite(4, 5). In patients with crowding, expansion should increase space to avoid extractions during adult orthodontic treatment (6). Other studies have analyzed the relationships between growth changes in the intermolar width and facial pattern. Ross et al. (7)found no difference in the inclination of maxillary molars between groups of patients with varying vertical facial height. However, Janson et al. (8)found that maxillary molars in subjects with a dolichofacial pattern had a significantly greater buccal inclination compared to subjects with a brachyfacial pattern. Several studies have reported natural growth changes of the maxillary first molar width(9–11). Some reports have shown that the intermolar width increases with age (12–18); other studies have found that arch width reCorrespondence to: Shinichi Negishi E-mail : negishi.shinichi@nihon-u.ac. jp doi:10.5466/ijoms.20. 1 Article History Abstract
RimJump*: Tangent Based Shortest Path Planning for Cluttered 3D Environment

Path planning in 3D environment is a fundamental research area for robots and autonomous vehicles. Based on the principle ``the shortest path consists of tangents'', RimJump* is proposed as a tangent-based path planning method suitable for finding the shortest path (both off-ground and on-ground) in 3D space (e.g., octomap and point cloud) for mobile platform to follow. RimJump* searches the tangent graph in the form of a path tree and considers the geometrical properties of the locally shortest path. Therefore, the method can provide all of the locally shortest paths that connect the starting point and the target, including the globally shortest path. And the time cost of RimJump* is insensitive to map scale increases in comparison to methods that search the whole passable space rather than the surface of the obstacle, e.g., Dijkstra and A*. In the Results, RimJump* is compared with other methods in terms of path length and time cost.
Ca Enhances U-Type Inactivation of N-Type (CaV2.2) Calcium Current in Rat Sympathetic Neurons

Goo, Yong Sook, Wonil Lim, and Keith S. Elmslie. Ca enhances U-type inactivation of N-type (CaV2.2) calcium current in rat sympathetic neurons. J Neurophysiol 96: 1075–1083, 2006. First published June 7, 2006; doi:10.1152/jn.01294. 2005. Ca -dependent inactivation (CDI) has recently been shown in heterologously expressed N-type calcium channels (CaV2.2), but CDI has been inconsistently observed in native N-current. We examined the effect of Ca on N-channel inactivation in rat sympathetic neurons to determine the role of CDI on mammalian N-channels. N-current inactivated with fast ( 150 ms) and slow ( 3 s) components in Ba . Ca differentially affected these components by accelerating the slow component (slow inactivation) and enhancing the amplitude of the fast component (fast inactivation). Lowering intracellular BAPTA concentration from 20 to 0.1 mM accelerated slow inactivation, but only in Ca as expected from CDI. However, low BAPTA accelerated fast inactivation in either Ca or Ba , which was unexpected. Fast inactivation was abolished with monovalent cations as the charge carrier, but slow inactivation was similar to that in Ba . Increased Ca , but not Ba , concentration (5–30 mM) enhanced the amplitude of fast inactivation and accelerated slow inactivation. However, the enhancement of fast inactivation was independent of Ca influx, which indicates the relevant site is exposed to the extracellular solution and is inconsistent with CDI. Fast inactivation showed U-shaped voltage dependence in both Ba and Ca , which appears to result from preferential inactivation from intermediate closed states (U-type inactivation). Taken together, the data support a role for extracellular divalent cations in modulating U-type inactivation. CDI appears to play a role in N-channel inactivation, but on a slower (sec) time scale.
Imtiaz Ahmad1 · Rahim Jan2 · Hidayat Ullah Khan1 · Akhlaq Hussain1 · Sajjad Ahmad Khan3

True picture of the nanoparticle arrangements is significant owing to their unique applications that are generally linked with their collective response within the self-assembled arrays over the underlying surface. Surfactant such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) stabilized gold nanostructures on two different surfaces such as silicon dioxide and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (SiO2, HOPG) have been investigated via using well known and widely used imaging techniques. These frequently employed substrates for the study of nanoparticles self-assembly have been used to study their images after complete evaporation of the suspension droplet. The resulting images of nanoparticle deposits via various techniques revealed contrasting topographies; some of the self-assembled features over a particular surface are highlighted in one technique whereas hidden in other technique. As CTAB molecules are not merely use to stabilizing the gold core during synthesis but these molecules also for all intents and purposes exist in suspension with the gold nanostructures. Therefore, for such multi-nano systems, evaluation of nanoparticles images by a single imaging technique is generally misleading. This work will highlight the contrasting results acquired using various imaging techniques such as high resolution scanning electron microscope, helium ion microscope, atomic force microscope, and scanning tunneling microscope.
Determination of Hydrodynamic Parameters for Remotely Operated Vehicles

In this paper the hydrodynamic parameters that characterize the behavior of a typical unmanned underwater vehicle are evaluated. A complete method for identifying these parameters is described. The method is developed to give a brief and accurate estimate of these parameters in all six degrees of freedom using basic properties of the vehicle such as dimensions, mass and shape. The method is based on both empirical and analytical results for typical reference geometries (ellipsoids, cubes, etc.). The method is developed to be applicable for a wide variety of UUV designs as these typically varies substantially. The method is then applied to a small observation class ROV. The results are first verified using an experimental method in which the full scale ROV is towed using a planar motion mechanism. An additional verification is performed with numerical simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics and a radiation/diffraction program. The method shows promising results for both damping and added mass for the tested case. The translational degrees of freedom are more accurate than the rotational degrees of freedom which are expected as most empirical and analytical data are for translational degrees of freedom. The case study also reveals that the relative difference between the numerical simulations and the experimental results are similar to the relative difference between the proposed method and the experiment.Copyright © 2016 by ASME