Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Some Effects of Fear-Arousing Communications on Preventive Health Behavior

In one of the first studies on the effectiveness of fear-arousing communications as a means to induce preventive health behavior, Janis and Feshbachl found an inverse relationship between the level of threatening material used and positive attitude change toward the recommended behavior. The findings of later studies concerning attitudes toward nuclear test bans: dental health procedures,3 the purchase of automobile seat belts,* and the cessation of smokingY6t6 generally support the existence of this relationship. The study by Leventhal and K a f e ~ , ~ however, found a positive relationship between the length of exposure to a fear-evoking movie on smoking and lung cancer and the wish to obtain and the subsequent obtaining of a chest X-ray. While this relationship was not statistically reliable, it was inconsistent with the same subjects’ expressed desire to stop smoking and the findings of previous investigators. The authors speculate that the different types of actions recommended (to obtain an X-ray and to stop smoking) may have been responsible for the response discrepancy. They conclude that “when threat is aroused, it appears that resistance or acceptance of preventive behavior may depend on the characteristics of the action which is recommended. ”* They suggest that actions may be judged as ineffective in response to a highly fear-arousing appeal if 1 ) they cannot be acted upon quickly and force the listener to tolerate the tension induced by the communication over a relatively long period of time, 2) they are complex, or 3) they involve considerable individual effort. A recent model of preventive health behavior developed at the U. S. Public Health Service Behavioral Science Section by Rosenstock, Hochbaum, and KegelesO is relevant to the relationship between the type of action recommended and response to fear appeals. This model states that preventive health behavior is determined by both a person’s awareness or perception of a health threat and his awareness of the availability of an effective course of action. To take action one generally must believe “( 1) that he is susceptible to a specific disease, (2 ) that the impact of the disease on his
Towards Lean Design Management

The paper forwards the following hypotheses, which are new or previously little treated, in regard to design management: (1) There is an optimal sequence of design tasks. (2) Internal and external uncertainties tend to push the design process away from the optimal sequence. (3) Out-of-sequence design process leads to low productivity, prolonged duration and decreased value of the design solution. (4) It is possible and worthwhile to enforce (through measurements and managerial control) the realization of the optimal or near optimal sequence. These hypotheses are theoretically grounded and empirically justified through results from case studies and experimentations. Associated methods, like the Design Structure Matrix and the Last Planner, are presented.
Evaluation of an In Vitro Human Dermal Sensitization Test for Use with Medical Device Extracts

Abstract In accordance with ISO 10993-10, the guinea pig maximization test, Buehler test, or murine local lymph node assay are used to assess the dermal sensitization potential of medical devices. The goal of our study was to determine if the in vitro SenCeeTox® assay could be an acceptable alternative. The SenCeeTox assay has previously been shown to accurately predict sensitization by monitoring viability, reactivity, and specific genes known to be crucial in dermal sensitization. Here, 10 known sensitizers were evaluated. Six were incorporated into medical device silicone (10% final concentration) and extracted in polar (physiological saline) and nonpolar (sesame oil) solvents in accordance with ISO 10993-12:2012. The four remaining compounds were added to extracts of plain silicone. This resulted in 20 test solutions (10 compounds in both saline and sesame oil). The assay controls were prepared directly in saline and sesame oil before exposure. EpiDerm™ tissues were exposed for 24 hours and tissue via.
Exploring the Elements of Integrity in Peer Assessment

Peer assessment is one of the best methods to evaluate group work of students. However, integrity of students as assessors is still questionable. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the elements of students’ integrity in carrying peer assessment. The qualitative approach using the document analysis and interviews is used to explore the elements of integrity in peer assessment. In an effort to increase the acceptance of this evaluation approach, the results show that the student’s integrity in conducting peer assessment consists of three elements, which are self-integrity, integrity in social interaction and work commitment.
Modeling the Effect of Screening and Treatment on the Transmission of Tuberculosis Infections

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic airborne disease caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has caused many deaths globally and Tanzania in particular due to failure or delayed intervention. In this paper, a deterministic mathematical model for transmission dynamics of TB with vaccination and screening the population for the purpose of identifying those for immediate treatment is formulated. The effective reproduction number is computed in order to measure the relative impact for individual or combined intervention for effective disease control. Numerical simulations of the basic reproduction number shows that, the combination of vaccination, screening and treatment is the most effective intervention for minimizing the transmission of TB in a population. Key words : Tuberculosis, Modeling, Screening, Treatment.
Integrating perceptual, semantic and syntactic information in sentence production

The experimental work and the theoretical model presented in this thesis explore the behaviour of the sentence production system in perceptually, conceptually, and syntactically changing environments across languages. Nine experiments examine how speakers of different languages integrate available perceptual, conceptual, and syntactic information during production of sentences. Such integration occurs under the global control of canonical causality and automated syntax. Analysis of speakers' performance in perceptually manipulated setting demonstrated that perceptual motivations for word order alternation are relatively weak and limited to the initial event apprehension. In addition, salience-driven choices of word order are realized differently in different syntactic structures and in languages with different grammatical systems. Combining perceptual and conceptual priming paradigms did not substantially improve cueing efficiency. Contrasting, early availability of lexical and syntactic information led to the most consistent alternation of the work order. I conclude that the uptake of perceptual information does not directly influence structural processing. General cognitive processes, such as attentional control and higher memorial activation actively contribute to the concept's accessibility status, but the syntactic organization of a spoken sentence constitutes a relatively independent psychological reality that can be realized partially as a product of the aforementioned operations but does not directly depend on them.
On the Relation of Error Correction and Cryptography to an Off Line Biometric Based Identification S

An off-line biometric identification protocol based on error correcting codes was recently developed as an enabling technology for secure biometric based user authentication. The protocol was designed to bind a user's iris biometric template with authorization information via a magnetic strip in the off-line case while reducing the exposure of a user's biometric data. In this paper we give an in depth discussion of the role of error correcting codes in the cryptographically secure biometric authentication scheme.
Performance characteristics of position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes combined through common X and Y resistive charge dividers

Combining signal channels from detector arrays can improve event throughput and minimize cost but, potentially, at the expense of other performance parameters. In this work, the authors evaluated a method to reduce signal number by combining the anode outputs of up to three position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PSPMTs) through a common X and a common Y resistive charge divider. Field flood images of these combined modules were compared to those obtained with independent detectors illuminated individually. No significant reduction in position detection accuracy was observed at low count rates when up to three tubes were combined. Event mis-positioning was also minimal for total count rates <100,000 cps. At higher rates, pulse pileup degraded accuracy. These results suggest that this method of combining PSPMTs may be useful in reducing signal number while maintaining good event localization at reasonable count rates.
Evaluation in natural language processing

Goals of this course Motivate evaluation Present basic tools and concepts Illustrate common pitfalls and inaccuracies in evaluation Provide concrete examples and name famous initiatives Plus provide some history challenge some received views encourage critical perspective (to NLP and evaluation) Evaluation at several levels Be careful to understand what is more important, and what it is all about. Names of disciplines, or subareas are often tricky Take a closer look at the relationship between people and machines Help appreciate the many subtle choices and decisions involved in any practical evaluation task Before doing anything, think hard on how to evaluate what you will be doing 4 Information and Communication Technologies Course assessment Main topics discussed Fundamental literature mentioned Wide range of examples considered Pointers to further sources provided Basic message(s) clear Others? Evaluation Evaluation= assign value to Values can be assigned to the purpose/motivation the ideas the results Evaluation depends on whose values we are taking into account the stakeholders the community the developer's the user's the customer's 6 Information and Communication Technologies What is your quest? Why are you doing this (your R&D work)? What are the expected benefits to science (or to mankind)? a practical system you want to improve a practical community you want to give better tools (better life) OR a given problem you want to solve a given research question you are passionate (or just curious) about Those based on an originally practical problem find something to research upon Those based on an originally theoretical problem find some practical question to help disentangle it But NLP has always a practical and a theoretical side, and, for both, evaluation is relevant 8 Information and Communication Technologies House (1980) on kinds of evaluation schools Systems analysis Behavioral objectives Decision-making Goal-free don't look at what they wanted to do, consider everything as side effects Art criticism Professional review Quasi-legal Case study Attitudes to numbers but where do all these numbers come from? (John McCarthy) I often say that when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it and cannot express it in numbers your knowledge is of a meager and unsatisfactory kind; it may be the beginning of knowledge, but you have scarcely, in your thoughts, advanced to the stage of science, whatever the matter may be. Qualitative vs. quantitative are not …
Applying Image Recognition Technology to Intelligent Security Management Systems

A building safety management system based on image processing technology, which includes the license plate recognition, face recognition, and Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) systems are investigated in this paper. The system integrates three functional capabilities, which can effectively control access to user identity and to control management building security. The image technology is used to do license plate and facerecognition. In order to recognize the license plate and face thecolor space conversion, segmentation, and image processing technology is applied. Finally, the integration of RFID image processing is applied to automatic security management system. Only the identified users can pass through the gate of building to make sure the security. Keywords-image processing technology; license plate recognition; face recognition; radio frequency identification
A Picture is Worth One Thousand Words:How Title Images Affect the Performance ofCrowdfunding Projects via Emotions?

Crowdfunding is a novel way to raise funds, by aggregating the contributions of many individuals via a digital platform. As a leading crowdfunding platform that “helps bring creative projects to life”, Kickstarter.com has raised over $3.4 billion for 137,171 projects (Kickstarter Stats, Dec. 2017). Nonetheless, more than 60% of Kickstarter projects failed to reach their preset goals (Kickstarter Stats, Dec. 2017). Thus, it is imperative to improve the successfulness of crowdfunding projects. From a design perspective, we intend to investigate how the characteristics of title images of the projects on the search page of the crowdfunding website affect the performance of crowdfunding projects. We use objective characteristics including composition, color, content, main body and background relationship to measure the aesthetic features of the title images. Those characteristics can be evaluated by standard computer software packages using objective measurements such as Diagonal Dominance, Symmetry, Color Balance, Rule of Thirds, Warm Hue, Saturation, Brightness, Contrast of Brightness, Image Clarity, Size Difference, Color Difference, and Texture Difference. And we introduce emotions as important antecedents for the performance of a project. We used deep learning to extract the emotion metrics from the title images. Analysis results provide significant evidence that aesthetic attributes of images affect viewers’ emotion while viewing images, and emotions, such as sadness and contentment, are effective to the performance of crowdfunding projects. We are among the first studies that show emotions are important variables in connecting image attributes and crowdfunding outcomes from the perspective of image artwork. This research implements objective measurements of image attributes and the emotions of the images, which have been ignored in prior crowdfunding studies or charity/donation studies. Our results show that in the public benefit category of crowdfunding contests, title images attributes (e.g. composition, color, main body-ground relationship, content) influence emotions, which subsequently affect the performance of the projects. We have used text and image analyses, to examine the emotional impact of creatives in crowdfunding projects and provide actionable and practical guides to crowdfunding funders and platforms on how to improve the performance through a more appropriate title image design.
Computers in Psychology

Good, bad and ugly aspects of the computer revolution are described: speed, convenience and accuracy offset by hardware incompatibility, a glut of software of varying quality, and largely unintelligible manuals. Few programs are "user friendly" and rapidly changing technology and increasing bankruptcies make system and software replacement dubious. Computerized testing and therapy raise serious ethical questions.
Machine Recognition as Representation and Search

Abstract : Generality, representation, and control have been the central issues in machine recognition. Model-based recognition is the search for consistent matches of the model and image features. We present a comparative framework for the evaluation of different approaches, particularly those of ACRONYM, RAF, and Ikeuchi et al. The strengths and weaknesses of these approaches are discussed and compared and the remedies are suggested. Various tradeoffs made in the implementations are analyzed with respect to the systems' intended task-domains. The requirements for a versatile recognition system are motivated. Several directions for future research are pointed out. Keywords: Computer vision, Model-based recognition, Representation, Object modeling, Search control, Consistent labeling.
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics, virtual reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa

Welcome to AFRIGRAPH 2006, the 4th International conference on Computer Graphics, Virtual Reality, Visualisation and Interaction in Africa. This is the fourth in a series of conferences held in and around Cape Town, South Africa. The conference is the main showcase for the Afrigraph organization, which was formally established in March 2001 and chartered in February 2003. Afrigraph 2006 is sponsored by ACM SIGGRAPH, in cooperation with the Eurographics Organization.The Afrigraph organization (www.afrigraph.org) was formed after a visit by a high level ACM SIGGRAPH delegation in 2001. The primary goal of Afrigraph is to promote computer graphics in Africa, particularly graphics applications and solutions which are relevant for the developing world.
An Application of Path Sharing To Routing For Mobile Sinks In Wireless Sensor Networks

Power Conservation is one of the most important challenges in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we present a minimum-energy routing algorithm. Our main goal is to reduce power consumed and prolong the lifespan of the network. The rotocol, named CODEXT: Coordinationbased Data dissemination for Sensor Networks eXTension, addresses the sensor networks consisting of mobile sinks. CODEXT which is an improvement over CODE protocol Coordination-based Data dissemination for sensor networks considers energy conservation not only in communication but also in idle-to-sleep state. Better informed routing decisions can often be made by sharing information among neighbouring nodes. To this end, we describe the CODEXT protocol, a generic outline for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) protocols that focuses on locally sharing feedback with little or no overhead. This paper describes one instantiation of it, CODEXT protocol for optimizing routing to multiple sinks through reinforcement learning. Such a routing situation arises in WSNs with multiple, possibly mobile sinks, such as WSNs with actuators deployed in parallel to sensors. This protocol is based on GAF protocol and grid structure to reduce energy consumed. Our simulation results show that CODEXT gain energy efficiency and prolong the network lifetime. Keywords: Source, Sink, Coordination-based Data dissemination protocol, WSNs
A graph- theoretic via minimization algorithm for two layer printed circuit boards

Based on graph theory, an efficient via minimization algorithm for certain types of two-layer printed circuit boards is developed which can be executed in polynomial time. The algorithm yields solutions for routings with junctions of degrees varying from 2 to 8 and guarantees the minimum number of vias for routings with three or fewer line segments connected to each junction. Examples are given to illustrate various aspects of the algorithm. In addition, preassignment of line segments on a particular layer of the board due to certain prescribed board (or component) constraints is discussed.
Detección de problemas de salud mental en la infancia

OBJECTIVE: To validate the Report Questionnaire for children (RQC) in order to estimate the prevalence of childhood psychiatric disorders in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The RQC was applied by random selection to parents of children in a specialized care service, in a general practice setting and in schools, during an urban household survey within the National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) conducted in 1988. The sample size of adults participating in the NMHS was 2,025. Fifty-two percent (1,068) reported having a child between 3 to 12 years old living in the household. The data collection instrument was applied to the oldest children in that range. The weighted mean was used for analysis and the unbiased prevalence was estimated using the formula proposed by Rogan and Gladen; predictive values were computed using a Bayesian expression. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of mental health disorders for children aged 3 to 12 years old was between 16.4% and 20.7%. The Positive Predictive Value of the instrument ranged between 46.6% and 76.1%, depending of the cut-off points: one or more positive items in the questionnaire or two or more. The Negative Predictive Value (NPV) ranged between 91.6% and 99.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The estimates are very similar to those reported in different countries and the NPV supports the reliability of the estimates and the potential uses of the instrument for the early detection of childhood psychiatric disorders.
The Migrant Passage

“deserving” and “undeserving” migrants’ (p. 267). Overall the six chapters in this book are very useful for the way that they illuminate a different aspect of post-9/11 migrant life at the intersection of art and politics. The ideas that tie these chapters together represent an even more valuable contribution: ultimately, the book makes a compelling case for not separating aesthetics from politics in analyses of art and activism. Schreiber invites scholars and activists to build upon the approach of The Undocumented Everyday by ‘both listening for and seeing the connections between their aesthetic and political strategies’ (p. 276), and Schreiber has provided an excellent model for just how to pursue this urgent work.
Genetic Algorithms and Grouping Problems

From the Publisher: A reader-friendly introduction to the exciting, vast potential of Genetic Algorithms. The book gives readers a general understanding of the concepts underlying the technology, an insight into its perceived benefits and failings, and a clear and practical illustration of how optimization problems can be solved more efficiently using Falkenauer's new class of algorithms.
Analisi costo-efficacia dell’e-learning in sanità: metodologia e risultati di una ricerca empirica

We summarise the results of research carried out jointly by Padua University, Verona Uni- versity, Fondazione Smith Kline and GlaxoSmithKline. The study which started in 2002 and finished in 2005 was aimed at comparing costs and effects of a health economics course taught either face to face of by distance learning (fad) as envisaged by the Italian Continuing medical education (Cme) pro- gramme. Although based on a single case our study shows interesting results in need of confirmation. The data suggest that distance learning may be more effective than face-to-face teaching. In addition the efficiency of teaching is strongly sensitive to the structure of its costs. The data suggest also that Cme rules should be reassessed to incorporate better estimates of effectiveness of events recognised for accreditation.
The Unified Software Development Process

The three amigos of software development come together again to bring you an introduction to a new standard for creating today's software that will definitely be useful for any developer or manager familiar with UML. This book provides a comprehensive guide to The Objectory Software Development Process derived from the three market leading OOA&D methods: Booch, OOSE (Use-Case), and OMT. Overviews of the four basic principles of the Unified Process are complemented by excellent use case examples that are drawn from such areas as banking and inventory control.