Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An exploration of profile, perceptions, barriers, and predictors of research engagement among resident doctors: a report from CHARTING study

Purpose/Aims: This research aimed to study the profile, perceptions, barriers, and predictors of Nigerian resident doctors' level of engagement in scientific research. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative survey of 438 resident doctors in Nigeria. This study forms a part of the big CHARTING Study, the protocol of which was published in “Nigeria Journal of Medicine 2019;28:198-205. ” Results: Three hundred and eighteen (72.8%) respondents were male and 119 (27.2%) were female. There were 229 (52.4%) registrars and 208 (47.6%) senior registrars, while residents in surgical versus nonsurgical specialties were 190 (44.5%) and 237 (55.5%), respectively. Three hundred and sixty-eight (85%) respondents had participated previously in research; 67 (15.6%) and 72 (16.6%) had their papers published in local or international journals, respectively; and only 46 (10.6%) had held first authorship positions in peer-reviewed journal publications. The significant barriers to research identified among them included lack of funding, lack of free time, inadequate training/knowledge on research methodology, and the onerous nature of clinical research. The independent predictor of previous engagement with research was years on current job (P = 0.007). This was similar to finding for the first authorship of a peer-reviewed article among the respondents (0.017). Conclusion: This study concludes that publication and grantsmanship rates were very low among the surveyed resident doctors, despite their high rate of engagement in research projects. There is a need for increased research capacity building among resident doctors in Nigeria.
LoRaWAN Scheduling: From Concept to Implementation

While the Internet of Things continues to grow, the LoRaWAN standard is generating special interest due to its open-source nature, ultralow-power consumption and long-range connectivity. Recent works have explored the challenges of implementing LoRaWAN, with scalability being considered one of the major bottlenecks imposed by its Aloha-based medium access control (MAC) layer. Despite much on-going research on LoRaWAN scheduling aimed at alleviating this concern, experimental approaches are rarely found in the literature. In this work, we describe the steps taken and the technical issues overcome to move from a low-overhead synchronization and scheduling concept to its real-world implementation on top of LoRaWAN Class A. Accordingly, an end-to-end architecture was designed and deployed on top of STM32L0 MCUs, which communicate with a central entity responsible for providing synchronization metrics and allocating transmission slots on demand. The clock drift of devices was measured in a temperature-controlled chamber, which served as a basis to define slot lengths in the network. As a result, an operational end-to-end system was implemented and evaluated for different setup scenarios, with 10-ms accuracy being achieved. Our experimental results show significant improvements in packet delivery ratios with respect to Aloha-based setups, especially under high network loads (up to 29% for SF12), thereby demonstrating the feasibility of the presented approach.
Centralized vs. decentralized ledgers in the money supply process: a SWOT analysis

This study aims to better understand the role of centralized and decentralized ledgers in the money supply process. The aim is to highlight the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of these tools in the context of finance and banking. A thorough investigation of the prior literature was carried out using sources extracted from various academic databases. A SWOT analysis based on an integrative literature review methodology was conducted to synthesize various research contributions and analyze relevant information related to centralized and decentralized ledgers. The findings reveal that centralized ledgers are still critical in the record-keeping of financial transactions, despite the strengths and opportunities of decentralized ledgers outweighing those of centralized ledgers. This study helps to increase the understanding of financial and banking sector managers concerning the importance of decentralized ledgers in delivering more value to customers.
Deep Eastern Boundary Currents: Idealized Models and Dynamics

Concentrated poleward flows along eastern boundaries between 2- and 4-km depth in the southeast Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans have been observed, and appear in data assimilation products and regional model simulations at sufficiently high horizontal resolution, but their dynamics are still not well understood. We study the local dynamics of these deep eastern boundary currents (DEBCs) using idealized GCM simulations, and we use a conceptual vorticity model for the DEBCs to gain additional insights into the dynamics. Over most of the zonal width of the DEBCs, the vorticity balance is between meridional advection of planetary vorticity and vortex stretching, which is an interior-like vorticity balance. Over a thinner layer very close to the eastern boundary, a balance between vorticity tendencies due to friction and stretching that rapidly decay away from the boundary is found. Over the part of the DEBC that is governed by an interior-like vorticity balance, vertical stretching is driven by both the topography and temperature diffusion, while in the thinner boundary layer, it is driven instead by parameterized horizontal temperature mixing. The topographic driving acts via a cross-isobath flow that leads to stretching and thus to vorticity forcing for the concentrated DEBCs.
Synthesis of a small library of oximes and phenylhydrazones of phenyl ketone C-glycosides

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ABSTRACT An efficient and convenient route was developed for the synthesis of oximes, the corresponding O-methylated oximes, and phenylhydrazones from phenyl ketone C-glycosides in medium to high yields. The broad substrate and reagent scope of this method expands the potential of applying phenyl ketone C-glycosides to the synthesis of important bioactive molecules.
Perceptions of EMS leaders and supervisors on the challenges faced by female paramedics in Riyadh Saudi Arabia: a qualitative study

PurposeSaudi female paramedics face many challenges in the current Saudi emergency medical service (EMS). This study aimed to investigate perceptions of EMS experts, leaders, managers and academics about the challenges faced by Saudi female paramedics in the Saudi Arabian EMS workforce.Design/methodology/approachA descriptive qualitative research approach was used employing semi-structured face-to-face interviews with seven EMS leaders, managers and academics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were analysed using thematic analysis informed by the work of Braun and Clark.FindingsThree themes emerged from the interviews that described EMS experts' perceptions, namely, cultural and family challenges, the value of Saudi female paramedics in the workforce and workforce issues.Originality/valueOverall, the interviews revealed that Saudi females faced several challenges that could affect their job duties and capacity to work in the EMS. Currently, Saudi females face difficulties with family, social and religious responsibilities, such as taking care of children and homes. Workforce issues were also considered problems that affect Saudi female paramedics in the workplace, such as physical fitness and psychological burnout. The EMS leaders, managers and academics emphasised that due to the new Saudi 2030 vision, it is expected and recognised that more females need to be employed in the EMS workforce.
Perception of medical students about problem-based learning at Jouf University.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate students' perceptions of problem-based learning tutorial sessions. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine, Jouf University, Al-Jawf Saudi Arabia, from March to May 2019, and comprised medical students in their clinical phase. Data was collected using an electronic questionnaire about students' perceptions of problem-based learning sessions, tutors' session facilitation, and tutors' student evaluation fairness. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. RESULTS Of the 66 students approached, 51(77.27%) completed the questionnaire; 23(45%) males and 28(55%) females. The agreement mean perception score was 4.73±2.13 regarding various statements characterising problem-based learning sessions. Lesser mean score of agreement 1.33±1.07 was observed regarding tutors' facilitation of the sessions and their students' evaluation. CONCLUSIONS Students perceived problem-based learning sessions as effective and interactive, but did not positively perceive tutors' evaluations.
Effect of nutrient metabolism on cartilaginous tissue formation

A major shortcoming in cartilage tissue engineering is the low biosynthetic response of chondrocytes. While different strategies have been investigated, a novel approach may be to control nutrient metabolism. Although known for their anaerobic metabolism, chondrocytes are more synthetically active under conditions that elicit mixed aerobic–anaerobic metabolism. Here, we postulate this metabolic switch induces HIF‐1α signaling resulting in improved growth. Transition to different metabolic states can result in the pooling of metabolites, several of which can stabilize HIF‐1α by interfering with PHD2. Chondrocytes cultured under increased media availability accelerated tissue deposition with the greatest effect occurring at 2 ml/106 cells. Under higher media availability, metabolism switched from anaerobic to mixed aerobic‐anaerobic. Around this transition, maximal changes in PHD2 activity, HIF‐1α expression, and HIF‐1 target gene expression were observed. Loss‐of‐function studies using YC‐1 confirmed the involvement of HIF‐1. Lastly, targeted metabolomic studies revealed that intracellular lactate and succinate correlated with PHD2 activity. This study demonstrates that cartilaginous tissue formation can be regulated by nutrient metabolism and that this response is mediated through changes in HIF‐1α signaling. By harnessing this newly identified metabolic switch, engineered cartilage implants may be developed without the need for sophisticated methods which could aid translation to the clinic.
End-Gas Autoignition Mechanism in a Downsized Spark-Ignition Engine: Effect of Inhomogeneity

ABSTRACT It is generally accepted that knock in spark-ignition engines is caused by end-gas autoignition. However, limited studies regarding to the effect of the inhomogeneity of temperature and composition on end-gas autoignition are presented. The major objective of this paper is to quantitatively understand the flame propagation velocity and the end-gas autoignition mechanism affected by the reactivity gradient formed by thermal stratification and composition stratification in the combustion chamber of a downsized SI engine. The conclusions were obtained based on a knock combustion case under an initial condition of high temperature and high pressure. In the present work, fuel stratification has a significant influence on the propagation velocity of the main flame. The flame propagation velocity declined with an increase in the level of fuel stratification. However, the temperature stratification had little effect on the flame propagation velocity. It was found that the onset of autoignition advanced with increasing the level of temperature stratification, which demonstrated an approximately linear relationship. It can be found that a high level of fuel stratification induced deflagration because of multi-spot spontaneous combustion. On the contrary, a very intense knock with detonation wave was observed under a slight level of temperature stratification. Under this condition, the temperature gradient near the nascent AI kernel was small and contributed to sequential spontaneous combustion. In fact, both the fuel stratification and temperature stratification are essentially the reactivity stratification. Therefore, similar results also can be conducted from fuel stratification. This work will give a new insight into suppressing knock mechanisms by different strategies.
A Cross-cultural Analysis of Tourists’ Perceptions of Airbnb Attributes

ABSTRACT This study investigates the attributes that influence tourists from different cultures by analyzing a big data set of online reviews. The findings highlight the differences between Chinese-speaking tourists and English-speaking tourists regarding the four attributes the tourists focus on when choosing an Airbnb: the host, accommodation, location, and price. The results suggest that Chinese-speaking tourists are generally more positive and objective than English-speaking tourists when writing online reviews. The former have a more positive perception of the host but are more selective than the latter regarding the other three attributes. Text mining and sentiment analysis are used to provide guidance to Airbnb hosts to improve their marketing strategies to tourists from different cultures.
Impact of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Different Body Organs of Albino Rats Exposed To Cadmium Chloride Toxicity: A Systematic Review

Background and Objective: Cadmium chloride (Cd cl2) is a highly toxic heavy metal that causes severedegenerative effects to different body organs. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) may havea protective effect upon CdCl2 induced structural and functional changes in the rat’s organs. This systematicreview aimed to test the regenerative effects of bone marrow? derived mesenchymal stem cells on differentbody organs of albino rats exposed to cadmium chloride toxicity.Methods: Experimental animal studies were identified by the following electronic databases: PubMed,Scopus, Ovid Medline, KoreaMed, Google Scholar, Latin American and Caribbean Health SciencesLiterature (LILACS) and Central Cochrane Library. The literature search was done from January 2010 to2020.Conclusion: From the selected articles, using stem cell therapy enhances the regeneration process in CdCl2toxicity of different body organs.
Teachers’ perspectives about mindfulness programmes in primary schools to support wellbeing and positive behaviour

ABSTRACT School-based mindfulness programmes promote student wellbeing and positive behaviour as well as the development of key life skills including self-regulation and stress management. Teacher buy-in has been raised as a critical factor for the successful implementation of mindfulness programmes in schools. This paper reports on a mixed-methods study which gathered data about teachers’ knowledge, beliefs and perspectives about mindfulness in New Zealand primary schools. Findings showed that teachers viewed mindfulness classroom programmes favourably and recognised the connection between the skills developed from mindfulness practice and behaviours valued in the classroom. Furthermore, teachers indicated the classroom teacher should be responsible for implementing such a programme and that mindfulness could be incorporated into daily practice at school.
Public opinion, media and activism: the differentiating role of media use and perceptions of public opinion on political behaviour

ABSTRACT To what extent do perceptions of public opinion effect individual support and political participation in political action? To what extent might media use moderate the role of public opinion in predicting political participation in the digital age? This study investigates these questions by analysing unique data from an experiment and a representative survey designed and conducted at the height of the summer 2011 protests in Israel. This study offers a new analytical model for studying activism by independently and simultaneously examining the direct and indirect effects of perceptions of majority support, individual support and media use on political behaviour. The experimental results suggest that perceptions of public opinion and media use did affect participation in the 2011 social movement. Specifically, increased perception of majority support for the movement led to increased rates of participation. Moreover, media use was inconsequential among those respondents who perceived that a majority of the public supported the protest. Digital media had a moderate effect on the association between perceptions and support for the protest movement, but there was no such effect with respect to mainstream media use. The findings provide new empirical insight into the effects of perceptions of public opinion and media use on political behaviour. In doing so, they help to explain the development of mass protest movements in the digital age and especially the potential effect of perceptions and media use in promoting the evolution of social movements as well as involvement in collective action in the digital age.
The Development of Remote Laboratory Sessions at the Stability Wind Tunnel of Virginia Tech During the Coronavirus Pandemic

This paper discusses the remote delivery of wind tunnel experiments performed at the Stability Wind Tunnel of Virginia Tech, in April 2020, during the early stages of the coronavirus pandemic The originally in-person laboratories were transformed to entirely remote sessions, on a time-frame of a few weeks, to ensure the delivery of the laboratory sessions and the safety of all participants via social distancing and the use of widely-available video conferencing software The paper outlines the structure of the laboratory sessions, comprising the tour of the facility, data acquisition, and data visualization alongside with all information technology components used to ensure the successful remote delivery of the laboratory sessions After the two-week-long experimental campaign, participating students provided feedback on the efficacy of the laboratories via a detailed questionnaire It was found that the students were highly satisfied with the remote delivery of the laboratory sessions but showed a preference for in-person laboratories © 2021, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA All rights reserved
Compact and very sharp roll-off low-pass filter using folded flag resonator

In this paper, a microstrip low-pass filter (LPF) using folded-flag-shaped resonators is designed and presented. Its base resonator length is 12.4 mm, and the proposed low-pass filter has a sharpness of 0.08 GHz. The filter cut-off frequency is 1.44 GHz, and the return loss is reduced to a level of −17 dB, indicating a flat pass-band. Also, the suppressing cell is used to weaken the disturbing harmonics by a stepped impedance structure and two high-impedance stubs with an L-shaped structure, which results in a bandwidth of 17.78 GHz. The circuit area of the LPF is 20.9 × 7.5 mm2, which it has created a suitable normalized circuit size (NCS) rate due to the −3 dB cut-off frequency. The figure of merit (FOM) of the proposed filter is 114450, and it indicates that the microstrip LPF responses are optimal as compared to previous works.
A Three-Term Gradient Descent Method with Subspace Techniques

We proposed a three-term gradient descent method that can be well applied to address the optimization problems in this article. The search direction of the obtained method is generated in a specific subspace. Specifically, a quadratic approximation model is applied in the process of generating the search direction. In order to reduce the amount of calculation and make the best use of the existing information, the subspace was made up of the gradient of the current and prior iteration point and the previous search direction. By using the subspace-based optimization technology, the global convergence result is established under Wolfe line search. The results of numerical experiments show that the new method is effective and robust.
BYOD and its Application in the Healthcare Environment

In recent years, the number of people who use mobile devices for business and organizational purposes has increased. This phenomenon is now known as “bring your own device” (BYOD), and it is rapidly entering the health industry, which makes clear the necessity of studying its various dimensions for its implementation and application. Recently, the use of mobile devices is increasing due to the social tendencies of people. Rapid changes in modern gadgets and smartphones have also encouraged organizations to use their mobile devices in the workplace for business purposes, creating related opportunities and challenges. These cases have made the expansion of BYOD inevitable so that the only way to control BYOD’s threats is to accept its process and finally formulate related strategies and policies before using it.
Pediatric Dentists in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic; the Challenges and Burden

Background: World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a public health emergency and a pandemic; this comes with recommendations for restriction of dental work. Aim: To assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and clinical practices of pediatric dentists regarding COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and evaluate the psychological burden on the dentists and children. Design: The study population is pediatric dentists recruited through five pediatric dentists Facebook groups. Web-based questionnaire was created using Google forms, structured of multiple-choice questionnaire, and divided into: (demographic, knowledge, practices, and behavior management techniques) sections. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe items included in the survey. Numbers and percentages were used to describe categorical data. Results: 202 responses were included in analysis. 77% described their knowledge as very good or good. Most infection control practices were followed by the majority 55.3-96.5%. 85.1% feel anxious regarding their own safety. There was no clear difference between children attitudes and behaviors in clinic. Conclusions: Pediatric dentists’ knowledge and practices regarding the pandemic are adequate, however; continuous updating is essential in this dynamic situation. Organizations should show support to ease economic burden and facilitate access to protective equipment. The stressful situation is affecting parents more than children.
Determinants of micro and small enterprises’ (MSEs) growth in northwest Ethiopia

ABSTRACT This article reports on a study that aimed to identify potential business constraints that hinder the economic development of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Ethiopia. Results of multiple linear regression and principal component analyses of data collected using stratified random sampling of 181 enterprise operators/managers showed that the age, gender, family size, and working experience of the operators, human capital, and limited access to market and productive resources were influential variables of enterprise growth. The findings of the study provide useful information on policy implications for the Government of Ethiopia and other similar African countries to enhance the growth of MSEs.