Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The new Michigan driver performance test

This project involved four major tasks: 1) The redesign of prior Michigan Driver Performance Test (MDPT) training materials and development of road test route materials for more efficient and broader use in: a. Preparing 12 instructors to develop special MDPT road test routes and train examiners. b. Instructing 12 driver examiners to use the MDPT and test route. 2) The selection of road test routes at pilot implementation sites that were representative of the traffic environments in that locality. 3) The pilot implementation of the MDPT in three different sites typical of those examining offices or bureaus serving Michigan's rural, urban and metropolitan areas (Howell, East Lansing and Flint). 4) The implementation and observation of the training programs developed for the instructors and driver examiners. Among the results observed early in the program were increased examiner morale, favorable response by public to the feedback and more factual and useful information provided to applicants regarding the kinds of practice needed to drive and reduce hazards. Pilot implementation at each site was followed with periodic monitoring of the MDPT program
THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN ERROR: IS IT USEFUL FOR THE DESIGN OF SAFE SYSTEMS?

Analyses of industrial accidents have often concluded that 'human error' is a determining factor in 70-80% of the cases. Furthermore, multiple contributing errors and faults are normally found, because several defenses against accident have been used to protect a hazardous process. Typically, it is also concluded that the 'root cause' of the accident was a human error on part of a person involved directly in the dynamic flow of events, a pilot, a process operator, or a train driver. Consequently, great effort has been spent to improve safety by better training schemes, by safety campaigns motivating the work force to be safety conscious, and by improved work system design to prevent human errors. In addition, considerable resources have been spent on human error research and comprehensive programs are established to define and categorize human behaviour fragments in terms of errors without any significant success; 'human error' data bases still do not exist. The concept of human error is very elusive. At a closer look, the frequent allocation of accidental causes to human error appears to be subjective and guided by the tool box of the analyst. This is a simple reflection of the nature of causal analysis and the fact that no objective stop rule exists to terminate the causal back tracking in search of a root cause. The search stops when an event is found for which a cure is known to the analyst. A deeper analysis of accident causation indicates that the observed coincidence of multiple errors cannot be explained by a stochastic coincidence of independent events. Accidents are more likely caused by a systematic migration toward accident by an organization operating in an aggressive, competitive environment. Commercial success depends on exploitation of the benefit from operating at the fringes of the usual, accepted practice. Closing in on and exploring the boundaries of established practice during financial crises necessarily imply the risk of crossing the limits of safe practices. Court reports from several accidents such as Bhopal, Flixborough, Zeebrugge, and Chernobyl demonstrate this effect.
Implementation of Defensive Marketing Strategy MSME in the Time of the Covid-19 Pandemic (Case Study on Warkop Angkringan Giras in Mojokerto Regency)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the Defensive Marketing Strategy carried out by the MSME Warkop Angkringan "Giras" in Mojokerto Regency, in order to be able to compete and keep its business sustainable in the COVID-19 pandemic conditions and obtain optimal profits. This research is an exploratory research where the approach used is a qualitative approach. Qualitative researchers seek to understand life experiences in context and the meanings associated with those experiences by using Focus Group Discussions. The sample amounted to 20 people, who were taken based on certain criteria. Data collection techniques by conducting open ended interviews in the hope of obtaining more complete information from the respondent. Data analysis used descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the Defensive Marketing Strategy in the MSME of warkop angkringan "Giras" Free wifi with a Mental Model is a Competitor Orientation strategy which includes symbols, prices, product differentiation and value promotion,, Customer Orientation Strategy includes superior customer service, innovative product features, and focus in a narrow market segment and a Market Drive Orientation Strategy consisting of Digital Marketing, Healthcare Procedures, crowding services, and Hours of Operation.
Coral Oxygen Isotopic Records Capture the 2015/2016 El Niño Event in the Central Equatorial Pacific

Coral oxygen isotopes (δ18O) from the central equatorial Pacific provide monthly resolved records of El Niño‐Southern Oscillation activity over past centuries to millennia. However, calibration studies using in situ data to assess the relative contributions of warming and freshening to coral δ18O records are exceedingly rare. Furthermore, the fidelity of coral δ18O records under the most severe thermal stress events is difficult to assess. Here, we present six coral δ18O records and in situ temperature, salinity, and seawater δ18O data from Kiritimati Island (2°N, 157°W) spanning the very strong 2015/16 El Niño event. Local sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies of +2.4 ± 0.4°C and seawater δ18O anomalies of −0.19 ± 0.02‰ contribute to the observed coral δ18O anomalies of −0.58 ± 0.05‰, consistent with a ∼70% contribution from SST and ∼30% from seawater δ18O. Our results demonstrate that Kiritimati coral δ18O records can provide reliable reconstructions even during the largest class of El Niño events.
Design hydrograph and routing scheme for flood mapping in a dense urban area

Definition of flood risk maps is a task to which modern surface hydrology devotes substantial research effort. Their impact on the management of flood-prone, dense, urban areas has increased the need for better investigation of inundation dynamics. The problems associated with the aforementioned topics range from the definition of the design hydrograph and the identification of the surface boundary conditions for the flood routing over the inundation plan, to the choice of the hydrodynamic model to simulate urban flooding. Most of academic and commercial mathematical models, solving the De Saint Venant equations, fail on complex topography. Frequently encountered difficulties concern steep slopes, geometric discontinuities, mixed flow regimes, and initially dry areas. In the present paper, flood routing modelling approaches in urban areas and principles for the definition of the design flood events are outlined. The paper shows how urban flooding can be simulated by a quasi-2D hydrodynamic model that makes use of a network of connected channels and storages to simulate flow, respectively, on the streets and into the building blocks. Furthermore, the paper shows that, when flood hazard is assessed by considering flood extent, water depth and flow velocity, an in-depth analysis of the use of design hydrographs that maximise peak flow or inundation volume is needed.
Graphon estimation via nearest‐neighbour algorithm and two‐dimensional fused‐lasso denoising

We propose a class of methods for graphon estimation based on exploiting connections with nonparametric regression. The idea is to construct an ordering of the nodes in the network, similar in spirit to Chan & Airoldi (2014). However, rather than considering orderings based only on the empirical degree as in Chan & Airoldi (2014), we use the nearest‐neighbour algorithm which is an approximative solution to the travelling salesman problem. This algorithm in turn can handle general distances d^ between the nodes, allowing us to incorporate rich information from the network. Once an ordering is constructed, we formulate a two‐dimensional‐grid graph‐denoising problem that we solve through fused‐lasso regularization. For particular choices of the metric d^ , we show that the corresponding two‐step estimator can attain competitive rates when the true model is the stochastic block model, and when the underlying graphon is piecewise Hölder or has bounded variation.
Criterion of phasing in the presence of segment aberrations

In order to achieve a spatial resolution comparable to a monolithic telescope of the same diameter, the segmented mirror surface must be phased with an accuracy about λ/20 wavefront rms, which is comparable with the accuracy of the segment figure. During the phasing procedure, piston, tip-tilt are controlled to achieve the best image quality of the telescope. The residual rms wavefront error of whole aperture taken as the merit function reaches minimum analytically when the least-square-fit plane of tested segment meets together with that of reference mirror, which means that "phasing" is a statistical mood of the whole aperture, not to match some small areas of the segments. The impact of segment aberration on the whole aperture residual rms wavefront error is simulated using the whole segment aperture sensing and edge sensing respectively. By the analytical and numerical simulation, it is demonstrated that the whole segment aperture phase sensing can make a better image quality than the edge sensing.
Forecast and optimisation device for the mode control of a pumping station

Pumping units of the country use more than 300 billion kWh of electricity annually, i.e. more than 20% of the whole amount of electricity generated by the electric power network of the country (Leznov, Saving energy in pumping installations, 1991). In accordance with the requirements of the energy efficiency law, consumers should save energy in their companies. Water supply companies face a problem of low efficiency of the main technological equipment, such as pumping units supplying water into the network, and sewage pumping stations. A possible solution of this issue might be the optimisation of energy consumption by selecting the most appropriate model for the pumping unit control. Generally, the accepted way of improving energy efficiency of pumping units is by the introduction of the variable frequency drive (VFD), which provides a significant reduction in electricity consumption. However, this approach does not lead to the solution of another important problem, which is, the correspondence of a high tariff rate of electrical energy/power during a 24-hour period with the load diagram of pumping equipment. In order to solve this problem, various control systems for a pumping unit with optimisation of the energy consumption level and maintenance of the required level of water supply reliability have been analysed in publications. Such decisions may include, for example, the introduction of a Transmission Operations Optimizer with forecasting and optimisation units presented in Blaszczyka et al. “Optimal Pump Scheduling for, Large Scale Water Transmission System by Linear Programming” 2012, or the introduction of a pumping unit, depending on the level of electricity prices (He Zhang, Optimal
Neural processing associated with cognitive empathy in pedophilia and child sexual offending

Abstract Behavioral studies found evidence for superior cognitive empathy (CE) in pedophilic men without a history of child sexual offending (P − CSO) compared to pedophilic men with a history of child sexual offending (P + CSO). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies also point to differences between P − CSO and P + CSO. Neural processing associated with CE has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the neural correlates of CE in subjects with pedophilia with (P + CSO) and without (P − CSO) child sexual offending. 15 P + CSO, 15 P − CSO and 24 teleiophilic male controls (TC) performed a CE task during fMRI. We observed reduced activation in the left precuneus (Pcu) and increased activation in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in P − CSO compared to P + CSO. P − CSO also showed stronger connectivity between these regions, which might reflect a top-down modulation of the Pcu by the ACC toward an increased self-focused emotional reaction in social situations. There was also evidence for increased right superior temporal gyrus activation in P − CSO that might constitute a potentially compensatory recruitment due to the dampened Pcu activation. These findings provide first evidence for altered neural processing of CE in P − CSO and underline the importance of addressing CE in pedophilia and CSO in order to uncover processes relevant to effective prevention of child sexual abuse.
Effect of atorvastatin on serum periostin and blood eosinophils in asthma – a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on serum periostin level and blood eosinophil count in patients with asthma. Methods Patients diagnosed with asthma were enrolled and randomised into an intervention or placebo group, to receive 40 mg atorvastatin or similar placebo, daily, for 8 weeks. Spirometry was performed at baseline, and at the end of weeks 4 and 8; patients also provided blood samples and completed an asthma control test (ACT) at baseline and at the end of week 8. Primary study outcomes were blood eosinophil count and serum periostin levels. Results Eighty patients completed the study (40 per group). Mean ACT scores were similar between the intervention and placebo groups at baseline (17.95 ± 3.75 versus 17.98 ± 3.77, respectively), and improved in the intervention group (19.88 ± 3.28), but remained unchanged in the placebo group (18.6 ± 3.26) during the treatment period. No statistically significant differences in spirometric changes, blood eosinophil count or serum periostin levels were observed between the groups during the treatment period. Conclusion Spirometric parameters and inflammatory markers did not change significantly in response to atorvastatin treatment, and did not differ between the placebo and intervention groups.
Built-in Sensor Network for Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Structure

By implementing a built-in sensor network on a composite structure, crucial information regarding the condition, damage state, and service environment of the structure can be obtained. In this study, methods for integrating piezoelectric sensor networks into a composite structure during different fabrication processes, including the resin transfer molding (RTM) and filament winding processes, are examined. To integrate sensor networks with different contours of structures, the method to fabricate a three-dimensional (3-D) diagnostic layer is developed. It is demonstrated that a large number of sensors supported on a thin flexible dielectric film, called a SMART Layer, offers a simple and efficient way to integrate a large sensor network onto a complex 3-D structure. The sensor network permanently embedded inside the composite structures can be used with either active sensing or passive sensing to monitor the health condition of a structure throughout its lifetime.
Face Detection using Deep Learning to ensure a Coercion Resistant Blockchain-based Electronic Voting

An election is a powerful tool of any democratic country, which allows every citizen to exercise their right to vote. Though in-person voting is the most widely used medium for a citizen to vote, circumstances like a pandemic, natural disasters, or other location-based issues could deter an individual from doing so. This work proposes an architecture for a mobile-based internet voting application that could be downloaded on a smartphone, allowing citizens to vote remotely. Existing web-based online voting systems are complicated for novice users, requiring a complex key management process and a lack of coercion resistance voting system. The proposed work is a mobile application, which ensures more population coverage. The work also suggests a key management system for regional election officers, thus freeing novice users from the complications of key management. A face detector is proposed to provide coercion resistance in this online voting system. Face detection uses a deep learning-based multi-task cascaded convolutional neural network (MTCNN). The proposed model has also incorporated multi-factor authentication, blockchain technology, and asymmetric encryption standards to ensure security features required in a voting system while providing a hassle-free voting experience to the voter.
Implications of genotype x environment interaction in the indication of common bean cultivars in Santa Catarina, Brazil

: The objective of the work was to verify the effect of the genotype x environment interaction and its implication in the recommendation of bean genotypes in the first and second crop in Santa Catarina, together with the simultaneous diagnosis of productive and stable genotypes. The data come from the state and southern Brazilian tests of lines and cultivars conducted in the state, totaling twenty-four environments and forty-eight genotypes of beans, which were evaluated in the conditions of first and second crop (12 environments each), in agricultural years 2012/13, 2013/14 and 2014/15. The analyzes were divided into the two cultivation conditions, using the model of main additive effects and multiplicative interaction. The first crop showed a greater effect of the genotype x environment interaction on the total variation, compared to the second. The genotypes showed stability to few environments, with favorable or unfavorable association of grain yield. The stable genotype with the highest production in the first crop condition was 46 and 26 in the second . vulgaris L. ; stability; yield
Combustion characterization of natural gas in a lean burn spark-ignition engine

Abstract Lean burn natural gas fuelled spark-ignition engines are particularly attractive regarding environmental performance. Nevertheless, few data exist concerning lean combustion in gas engines in terms of ignition delay, combustion duration and combustion rate. Such data are necessary when using thermodynamic models to predict energy and environmental performance. The present study proposes a contribution to such combustion characterization as a function of spark timing, air excess and engine load. This work is based on experimental cylinder pressure measurements in an open chamber engine on the one hand, and on a one-zone thermodynamic model used as a heat release analysis tool on the other hand. Results obtained, such as mass fraction burned, ignition delay and combustion duration, allow identification of the parameters used in the Wiebe function, a semi-empirical law that is frequently used to describe the combustion in predictive models.
The Design and Cost Analysis of DCP Algorithm based on Directional Circle

This paper proposed a theoretical analysis model of the DCP cost and its assumption. Repatrolling the regular network topologies of Grid and Hexagonal, it reasoned the relationship of DCP cost, the DCP parameter (start TTL a, the fixed increment value b, and the patrol threshold L), network size, and the node density out. In order to validate the conclusion, this paper simulated it with a lot of AODV-DCP experiments in the JiST/SWANS simulation platform. It provides a necessary theoretical basis for setting the DCP parameter.
64-bit carry-select adder with reduced area

A carry-select adder can be implemented by using a single ripple-carry adder and an add-one circuit instead of using dual ripple-carry adders. A multiplexer-based add-one circuit is proposed to reduce the area with negligible speed penalty. The proposed 64 bit carry-select adder requires 42% fewer transistors than the conventional carry-select adder.
Knowledge Management and Competitive Advantage of Listed Consumer Goods Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The study investigated the effect of knowledge management on the competitive advantage of Nigerian consumer goods businesses. A survey research design was used for the study. The management staff of six major consumer goods firms were included in the study’s population: Flour Mills Nigeria Plc. , Cadbury Nigeria Plc. , Guinness Nigeria Plc. , Nestle Nigeria Plc. , Honeywell Flour Mills and PZ Cussons Nigeria from which a sample of 384 was drawn using power analysis. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and simple percentages. In addition, covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) was used to achieve the study’s objectives. The findings from the study revealed that knowledge acquisition (β = 0.541; p = 0.001), knowledge sharing (β = 0.672; p = 0.001), knowledge creation (β = 0.774; p = 0.001), knowledge codification (β = 0.450; p = 0.001) and knowledge retention (β = 0.853; p = 0.001) had a significant positive effect on consumer goods company’s competitive advantage. The study concluded that knowledge management played an important role in enhancing competitive advantage when adequately managed. It was recommended that the authorities in charge of the consumer goods companies ensure management staff quickly get any information needed within their working environment and ensure a horizontal information flow. In addition, the management should constantly develop new knowledge and ideas as well as providing appropriate communication and information technology (IT) gadgets to boost competitive advantage.
Wideband Directional Coupler for X-band using SIW Technique

In this article, compact and wideband directional coupler has been proposed based on substrate integrated waveguide technique for X-band applications. The bandwidth of directional coupler has enlarged by tapering the coupling section. This coupler consists of two narrow apertures on the common broadside wall of two adjacent SIWs and four microstrips to waveguide transition line. Attractive features including compact size and planar form make this coupler structure easily integrated in antenna beam-forming networks. The coupling is about 7 dB at 9 GHz to 12 GHz frequency, the isolation is below 15dB over the frequency range of 9-12 GHz, and the return loss is better than 15dB. Design considerations and results are discussed and presented. A simulation has been carried out by Ansoft High frequency structure simulator (HFSS).
Tryptophan Production Maximization in a Fed-Batch Bioreactor with Modified E. coli Cells, by Optimizing Its Operating Policy Based on an Extended Structured Cell Kinetic Model

Hybrid kinetic models, linking structured cell metabolic processes to the dynamics of macroscopic variables of the bioreactor, are more and more used in engineering evaluations to derive more precise predictions of the process dynamics under variable operating conditions. Depending on the cell model complexity, such a math tool can be used to evaluate the metabolic fluxes in relation to the bioreactor operating conditions, thus suggesting ways to genetically modify the microorganism for certain purposes. Even if development of such an extended dynamic model requires more experimental and computational efforts, its use is advantageous. The approached probative example refers to a model simulating the dynamics of nanoscale variables from several pathways of the central carbon metabolism (CCM) of Escherichia coli cells, linked to the macroscopic state variables of a fed-batch bioreactor (FBR) used for the tryptophan (TRP) production. The used E. coli strain was modified to replace the PTS system for glucose (GLC) uptake with a more efficient one. The study presents multiple elements of novelty: (i) the experimentally validated modular model itself, and (ii) its efficiency in computationally deriving an optimal operation policy of the FBR.