Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sample treatment for determination of total sugar content in wine by phenol-sulfuric acid method

The total sugar content in wine is an important mark for wine quality and category.The determination of total sugar content in wine by phenol-sulfuric acid method was hard to be used due to excessive interfering substances in the sample which caused enormous error in absorbance measurement.Therefore,the wine should be treated by precipitation agent to eliminate proteins,tannins and other impurities and be decolored before the determination of total sugar content by phenol-sulfuric acid method.The precipitation agent was optimized,and the effects of the addition amounts,treatment temperature and time of precipitation agent on decolorization were investigated.The results showed that the decolorization rate reached 97.18% when 10%(CH3COO)2Pb was added at 70℃ for 20min.After the removal of impurities and decolorization,the relative standard deviation(RSD) of total sugar content in 4 wine samples,dry red wine,dry white wine,red wine and white wine,was ranged from 1.6% to 2.3%,and the standard specimen recovery were between 94.7% and 97.8%. The treatment by(CH3COO)2Pb resolved the problems on carbonization and color interference in phenol-sulfuric acid method.The treatment method was simple and easy,by which the stability,reproducibility,precision and accuracy of total sugar contents were satisfying.
Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry

Mathematical modeling of atmospheric composition is a formidable scientific and computational challenge. This comprehensive presentation of the modeling methods used in atmospheric chemistry focuses on both theory and practice, from the fundamental principles behind models, through to their applications in interpreting observations. An encyclopaedic coverage of methods used in atmospheric modeling, including their advantages and disadvantages, makes this a one-stop resource with a large scope. Particular emphasis is given to the mathematical formulation of chemical, radiative, and aerosol processes; advection and turbulent transport; emission and deposition processes; as well as major chapters on model evaluation and inverse modeling. The modeling of atmospheric chemistry is an intrinsically interdisciplinary endeavour, bringing together meteorology, radiative transfer, physical chemistry and biogeochemistry, making the book of value to a broad readership. Introductory chapters and a review of the relevant mathematics make this book instantly accessible to graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric sciences.
Prediction of acetamiprid residues by fluorescence spectroscopy based on PLS method

To achieve the detection of multi-component pesticide residues,the Partial Least Square (PLS)method was applied to establishing a calibration model of fluorescence spectral measurement systems,and to predict the pesticide residues of acetamiprid by separating the overlapped spectrum in fluorescence spectroscopy of pesticide residues.By taking the predicted residual error square sum as an evaluating criterion,twenty characteristic wavelengths were selected and then the optimal number of principal components and the optimal analysis model were determined by the cross verification method.According to the test of prediction sets(100,220,450mg/kg),predictive values of acetamiprid residues are 101.45,222.91and 440.08mg/kg on the surface of filter paper,and 98.67,208.56and 419.22mg/kg on the surface of tomato.The correlation coefficients between predictive values and true values respectively reach 0.996and 0.988. The results demonstrate that the method using PLS in fluorescence spectral analysis for measuring the acetamiprid residue has good performance in shorter measuring time,nondestructive testing and higher accuracy and can effectively implement quantitive analysis for complex and multi-component systems.
The Ideal Worker Norm and Workplace Social Support among U.S. Workers

ABSTRACT Research has shown that the ideal worker norm stipulating workers should be completely devoted to their jobs without interference from outside responsibilities creates difficulties for workers. At the same time, scholarship continues to emphasize the positive outcomes associated with coworker and supervisor support in making it easier for workers to combine work and family. Yet we know little about what shapes the extent to which workers have access to supportive coworkers and supervisors. This study brings together these two strands of scholarship to explore the relationships between the perceived presence of the ideal worker norm and two forms of workplace social support: coworker support and supervisor support. Using data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. workers, this study finds that the perceived presence of the ideal worker norm—regardless of gender and largely irrespective of parenthood and elder-care responsibilities—is associated with decreased levels of both forms of support. Taken together, these findings contribute to the literature by documenting the impact of the ideal worker norm on the workplace social support to which workers have access.
Endometrium receptivity and the dose-related effects of Acupuncture therapies in infertile women: a protocol for systematic review and meta analysis

Introduction:The aim of the systematic review (SR) is to evaluate the efficacy of Acupuncture in endometrium receptivity(ER) of infertile women and find out dose-related between Acupuncture and clinical pregnancy rate. Methods and analysis: We will search four English databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and five Chinese databases: SinoMed (formerly Chinese Biomedical Database), CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), Wanfang Data, and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China Science Journal Database (VIP database) from inception to February 2021 in English and Chinese. Also, we will manually retrieve other resources, including reference lists of identified publications, conference articles, and grey literature. All clinical randomized controlled trials related to Acupuncture for endometrium receptivity of infertile women will be included. Two review authors will perform all research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessment. According to suggestions, data will be synthesized in a fixed-effect model, or random effect model due to the heterogeneity test. The primary outcomes include ER (endometrial thickness and endometrial hemodynamic parameters) and clinical pregnancy rate(CPR). Secondary outcomes include a dose of the interventions( the starting time of Acupuncture, the duration, and frequency of Acupuncture sessions), and adverse events will be assessed. We will use the statistical package (RevMan5.4.0) provided by The Cochrane Collaboration to analyze data. The quality of evidence will be assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. Ethics and dissemination: Since this article does not contain patient personal information, ethical approval is not required. The contract is distributed by a peer-review Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, CRD42020206790
No Evidence of Infectious SARS-CoV-2 in Human Milk: Analysis of a Cohort of 110 Lactating Women

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infections of infants and toddlers are usually mild but can result in life-threatening disease. SARS-CoV-2 RNA been detected in the breast milk of lactating women, but the potential role of breastfeeding in transmission to infants has remained uncertain. Methods: Breast milk specimens were examined for the presence of the virus by RT-PCR and/or culture. Specimens that contained viral RNA (vRNA) were examined for the presence of subgenomic coronavirus RNA (sgRNA), a putative marker of infectivity. Culture methods were used to determine the thermal stability of SARS-CoV-2 in human milk. Results: Breast milk samples from 110 women (65 confirmed with a SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test, 36 with symptoms but without tests, and 9 with symptoms but a negative SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test) were tested by RT-PCR (285 samples) and/or viral culture (160 samples). Although vRNA of SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the milk of 7 of 110 (6%) women with either a confirmed infection or symptomatic illness, and in 6 of 65 (9%) of women with a positive SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test, virus was not detected in any culture. None of the 7 milk specimens with detectable vRNA contained sgRNA. Notably, when artificially added to human milk in control experiments, infectious SARS-CoV-2 could be cultured despite several freeze-thaw cycles, as occurs in the storage and usage of human milk. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be found infrequently in the breastmilk of women with recent infection, but we found no evidence that breastmilk contains infectious virus or that breastfeeding represents a risk factor for transmission of infection to infants.
Mental health inequalities in healthcare, economic, and housing disruption during COVID -19: an investigation in 12 longitudinal studies

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated virus suppression measures have disrupted lives and livelihoods, potentially exacerbating inequalities. People already experiencing mental ill-health may have been especially vulnerable to disruptions. Aim: Investigate associations between pre-pandemic psychological distress and disruptions during the pandemic to (1) healthcare, economic activity, and housing, (2) cumulative disruptions and 3) whether these differ by age, sex, ethnicity or education. Methods: Data were from 59,482 participants in 12 UK longitudinal adult population surveys with data collected both prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants self-reported disruptions since the start of the pandemic to: healthcare (medication access, procedures, or appointments); economic activity (negative changes in employment, income or working hours); and housing (change of address or household composition). Logistic regression models were used within each study to estimate associations between pre-pandemic psychological distress scores and disruption outcomes. Findings were synthesised using a random effects meta-analysis with restricted maximum likelihood. Results: Between one to two-thirds of study participants experienced at least one disruption during the pandemic, with 2.3-33.2% experiencing disruptions in 2 or more of the 3 domains examined. One standard deviation higher pre-pandemic psychological distress was associated with: (i) increased odds of any healthcare disruptions (OR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.40) with fully adjusted ORs ranging from 1.33 [1.20 to 1.49] for disruptions to prescriptions or medication access and 1.24 [1.09 to 1.41] for disruption to procedures; (ii) loss of employment (OR=1.13 [1.06 to 1.21]) and income (OR=1.12 [1.06 to 1.19]) and reductions in working hours/furlough (OR=1.05 [1.00 to 1.09]); (iii) no associations with housing disruptions (OR=1.00 [0.97 to 1.03]); and (iv) increased likelihood of experiencing a disruption in at least two domains (OR=1.25 [1.18 to 1.32]) or in one domain (OR=1.11 [1.07 to 1.16]) relative to experiencing no disruption. We did not find evidence of these associations differing by sex, ethnicity, education level, or age. Conclusion: Those suffering from psychological distress before the pandemic were more likely to experience healthcare disruptions, economic disruptions related to unemployment and loss of income, and to clusters of disruptions across multiple domains during the pandemic. Considering mental ill-health was already unequally distributed in the UK population, the pandemic may exacerbate existing mental health inequalities. Individuals with poor mental health may need additional support to manage these pandemic-associated disruptions.
Study on the Chemical Constituents from Seeds of Sophora japonica L.

AIM Isolation and structural elucidation of the constituents from seeds of Sophora japonica L. METHODS Solvent extraction and column chromatography were used. IR, MS, 1HNMR and 13 CNMR spectra were applied for structural elucidation. RESULTS Eight compounds were isolated and identified as genistein(1), sophoraricoside (2), sissotrin(3), sophorabioside(4), kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside(5), rutin(6), isoscutellarein(7), and gallic acid(8). CONCLUSION Among them, compounds 3,5,7 and 8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Machine learning-based security-aware spatial modulation for heterogeneous radio-optical networks

In this article, we propose a physical layer security (PLS) technique, namely security-aware spatial modulation (SA-SM), in a multiple-input multiple-output-based heterogeneous network, wherein both optical wireless communications and radio-frequency (RF) technologies coexist. In SA-SM, the time-domain signal is altered prior to transmission using a key at the physical layer for combating eavesdropping. Unlike conventional PLS techniques, SA-SM does not rely on channel characteristics for securing the information, as its perception is self-imposed, which allows its adoption in radio-optical networks. Additionally, a novel periodical key selection algorithm is proposed. Instead of having multiple keys stored in the nodes, by using off-the-shelf and low-complexity machine learning (ML) methods, including a support vector machine, logistic regression and a single-layer neural network, SA-SM nodes can estimate the used key. Results show that a positive secrecy capacity can be achieved for both the RF and optical links by using 1000 different keys, with a minimal signal-to-noise ratio penalty of less than 5 dB for the legitimate user using SA-SM versus conventional transmission at a bit-error-rate of 10−4. The analysis also includes computational time and classification accuracy evaluation of the various proposed ML techniques using different hardware architectures.
Population genomic, climatic and anthropogenic evidence suggest the role of human forces in endangerment of green peafowl (Pavo muticus)

Both anthropogenic impacts and historical climate change could contribute to population decline and species extinction, but their relative importance is still unclear. Emerging approaches based on genomic, climatic and anthropogenic data provide a promising analytical framework to address this question. This study applied such an integrative approach to examine potential drivers for the endangerment of the green peafowl (Pavo muticus). Several demographic reconstructions based on population genomes congruently retrieved a drastic population declination since the mid-Holocene. Furthermore, a comparison between historical and modern genomes suggested genetic diversity decrease during the last 50 years. However, climate-based ecological niche models predicted stationary general range during these periods and imply the little impact of climate change. Further analyses suggested that human disturbance intensities were negatively correlated with the green peafowl's effective population sizes and significantly associated with its survival status (extirpation or persistence). Archaeological and historical records corroborate the critical role of humans, leaving the footprint of low genomic diversity and high inbreeding in the survival populations. This study sheds light on the potential deep-time effects of human disturbance on species endangerment and offers a multi-evidential approach in examining underlying forces for population declines.
MOLLUSCAN LIVE-DEAD FIDELITY OF A STORM-DOMINATED SHALLOW-MARINE SETTING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT: Actualistic studies are important for evaluating the fidelity of fossil assemblages in representing the living community. Poor live-dead (LD) fidelity in molluscan assemblages may result from transport-induced mixing. Large-scale mixing is more common in siliciclastic settings with a narrow shelf, high sedimentation rate, and those that are frequented by episodically high-energy events. Chandipur-on-sea, on the east coast of India has an optimal setting to promote such conditions. By studying the LD fidelity and modeling size-frequency distribution (SFD) of the fauna, we attempted to evaluate the contribution of “out-of-habitat” versus “within-habitat” mixing in developing the molluscan death assemblage. The correlation between the composition of live (LA) and death assemblages (DA) was insufficient; unlike LAs, the DAs do not show environmental partitioning in ordination space. A numerical simulation of the shell size frequency distribution (SFD) for DAs from LAs was compared with the observed SFD of the DAs. The results of this simulation indicate that DAs are not likely to be a product of within-habitat mixing. DAs probably received considerable input via regional transport, facilitated by frequent tropical cyclones affecting the coast of Odisha. Chandipur receives a large proportion of cyclones originating above 15°N, which causes a high degree of lateral transport and shell mixing between 15° to 21°N, explained by the high compositional similarity of species within this latitudinal extent. Our study highlights the significance of out-of-habitat transport in shaping the regional distribution of marine fossil assemblages, especially in storm dominated siliciclastic shallow-marine settings.
Hydrolytic stability and triboligical properties of organic borate esters as lubricant additives

Organic borate esters are now under intensive study for their excellent properties as multifunctional lubricant additives. However, they are very susceptible to hydrolysis, which limits their application in lubricating oil. According to molecular design, a series of inter molecular coordination borate esters containing nitrogen or oxygen were synthesized. Their hydrolytic stability was investigated with three methods, and compared with general borate esters and extra molecular coordination borate esters. The experimental results show that the hydrolytic stability of inter molecular coordination borate esters containing nitrogen is greatly better than that of general borate esters and extra molecular coordination borate esters. Tribological test indicates that the introduction of the nitrogen atom into borate esters significantly improve the hydrolytic stability of borate esters as well as their friction reducing and anti wear properties.
Phylogeny of the Styracaceae Revisited Based on Whole Plastome Sequences, Including Novel Plastome Data from Parastyrax

Abstract The phylogenetic relationships among 11 out of the 12 genera of the angiosperm family Styracaceae have been largely resolved with DNA sequence data based on all protein-coding genes of the plastome. The only genus that has not been phylogenomically investigated in the family with molecular data is the monotypic genus Parastyrax, which is extremely rare in the wild and difficult to collect. To complete the sampling of the genera comprising the Styracaceae, examine the plastome composition of Parastyrax, and further explore the phylogenetic relationships of the entire family, we sequenced the whole plastome of P. lacei and incorporated it into the Styracaceae dataset for phylogenetic analysis. Similar to most others in the family, the plastome is 158189 bp in length and contains a large single-copy region of 88085 bp and a small single-copy region of 18540 bp separated by two inverted-repeat regions of 25781 bp each. A total of 113 genes was predicted, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic relationships among all 12 genera of the family were constructed with 79 protein-coding genes. Consistent with a previous study, Styrax, Huodendron, and a clade of Alniphyllum + Bruinsmia were successively sister to the remainder of the family. Parastyrax was strongly supported as sister to an internal clade comprising seven other genera of the family, whereas Halesia and Pterostyrax were both recovered as polyphyletic, as in prior studies. However, when we employed either the whole plastome or the large- or small-single copy regions as datasets, Pterostyrax was resolved as monophyletic with 100% support, consistent with expectations based on morphology and indicating that non-coding regions of the Styracaceae plastome contain informative phylogenetic signal. Conversely Halesia was still resolved as polyphyletic but with novel strong support.
Waiting and temporal control: The temporal experience of long-term unemployment

This article analyses how long-term unemployed persons experience time during their unemployment trajectories. This article uses a combination of interviewing and participant drawings to study the experience of time passing during the unemployment trajectory. We focus on the experience of wait time and find that the wait experience varies with control: some clients experience temporal agency and others a loss of control over time. When the wait time is characterised by uncertainty and a loss of control over time, it reinforces an experience of stagnation in the unemployment trajectory and a feeling of being a temporal outsider, living a life on hold, in comparison to societal norms of a working life. For these clients, wait time adds to the burden of unemployment. For clients experiencing temporal agency, wait time is experienced as meaningful, even useful. These clients experience control over the wait time or that the wait time has a fortunate timing in relation to other things happening in the clients’ lives. Based on the analysis, temporal control is decisive for the long-term unemployed, and therefore, a focus on time is crucial both in research on social and employment services for vulnerable clients and in the practice field.
The authorship of the Second Military Survey of Galicia and Austrian Silesia at the scale 1:28,800 and the consistency of sheet content based on selected examples

Abstract The aim of this article is to expand the understanding of the history of cartography of the lands of southern Poland under Austrian rule in the nineteenth century. The Austrian Second Military Survey, at the scale 1:28,800, was produced for the province of Galicia between 1861 and 1864 and for Austrian Silesia between 1838 and 1841. In Galicia, work on 413 sheets was led by thirteen cartographers, and the content and descriptions were prepared by 106 cartographic technicians. On the 42 sheets of the Silesia maps, two directors and 11 technicians were recorded. The military cartographers who prepared the survey of the two provinces belonged to 71 multinational units of the army of the Austrian Empire. Work with nineteenth-century maps is fraught with uncertainty about the consistency of the series, which may be reflected in the content of the maps. The consistency of map content was tested on sheets covering the Polish Carpathians for two types of features: linear (roads) and area (forests). Expanding the understanding of these maps may contribute to reducing uncertainty in their use for various environmental and socio-economic analyses.
Operations & Maintenance of the Aircraft Arresting Gear Systems in the Polish Air Force. Part 1

Abstract In the article, the authors reviewed the arresting gears used in military aviation. The second part of this part describes the operation concept that is used in the Polish Air Force, in relation to the two types of gears, namely the post-Soviet ones that are still in service, and the second one: of U.S. production obtained due to the purchase of F-16 aircraft. The authors emphasize that in the case of an appropriate operation system, it is possible to extend the service life of devices and maintain safety of the air operations.