Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Metamodel for Evaluating Enterprise Readiness in the Context of Industry 4.0

This article analyzes the available readiness indexes and maturity models applied for trends designated as “4.0”, with a focus on Industry 4.0, primarily within the countries of Europe. Based upon it, the available indexes and maturity models are organized into the individual layers of the metamodel; a proposal for this metamodel is this article’s main output. Simultaneously, as-yet-uncovered places for the development of existing maturity models, as well as space for further detailed research into the application of Industry 4.0 in theory and in practice, are identified on the basis of this metamodel.
Genetic variations in the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor ACE2 and serine protease TMPRSS2

Aims The recent emergence of novel, pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a global health emergency. The coronaviral entry requires the spike (S)-protein for attachment to the host cell surface, and employs human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) for entry and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) for S-protein priming. Although coronaviruses undergo evolution by mutating themselves, it is also essential to know the host genetic factors. Here, we describe the single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in human ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Methods The genetic variants derived from five population-sequencing projects were classified by variant type, allele frequency (AF), ethnic group and estimated pathogenicity. The SNVs in SARS-CoV-2/hACE2 contact residues were investigated. The genetic variability was normalised using non-linear regression and the total number of SNVs was estimated by the derived formulas. Results We detected 349 and 551 SNVs in ACE2 and TMPRSS2, respectively, in a total of 156 513 individuals. The vast majority (>97%) of the SNVs were very rare (AF <0.1%) and population-specific, and were computationally estimated to be more frequently deleterious than the SNVs with high AF. These SNVs were distributed throughout the coding regions; some ACE2 variants were located in the SARS-CoV-2/hACE2 contact residues, with a hemizygous state occurring in males. Using regression analysis, the total numbers of genetic variations in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were 1.1×103 and 1.5×103, respectively, for a population of one million people. Conclusion The majority of SNVs in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are rare, population-specific and deleterious, and a multitude of very rare SNVs may explain different susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.
Evidence-based prevention of Alzheimer's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of 243 observational prospective studies and 153 randomised controlled trials

Background Evidence on preventing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is challenging to interpret due to varying study designs with heterogeneous endpoints and credibility. We completed a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence with prospective designs to propose evidence-based suggestions on AD prevention. Methods Electronic databases and relevant websites were searched from inception to 1 March 2019. Both observational prospective studies (OPSs) and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The multivariable-adjusted effect estimates were pooled by random-effects models, with credibility assessment according to its risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision. Levels of evidence and classes of suggestions were summarised. Results A total of 44 676 reports were identified, and 243 OPSs and 153 RCTs were eligible for analysis after exclusion based on pre-decided criteria, from which 104 modifiable factors and 11 interventions were included in the meta-analyses. Twenty-one suggestions are proposed based on the consolidated evidence, with Class I suggestions targeting 19 factors: 10 with Level A strong evidence (education, cognitive activity, high body mass index in latelife, hyperhomocysteinaemia, depression, stress, diabetes, head trauma, hypertension in midlife and orthostatic hypotension) and 9 with Level B weaker evidence (obesity in midlife, weight loss in late life, physical exercise, smoking, sleep, cerebrovascular disease, frailty, atrial fibrillation and vitamin C). In contrast, two interventions are not recommended: oestrogen replacement therapy (Level A2) and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (Level B). Interpretation Evidence-based suggestions are proposed, offering clinicians and stakeholders current guidance for the prevention of AD.
Automatic detection of gaze convergence in multimodal collaboration: a dual eye-tracking technology

The paper analyses the advantages and limitations of the current technical solutions for dual eye-tracking (DUET) in relation to the research questions from educational science about joint attention in a multimodal teaching/learning collaboration. The insufficiency of the current systems for the analysis of multimodal collaboration is stated as the reviewed systems do not allow researchers to relate a participant’s eye movements to the video from their joint performance and accompanying gestures without time consuming manual coding. We describe a system of two low-cost Pupil-Labs eyetrackers and propose an open source utility DUET for Pupil that automatically produces synchronized gaze data in the shared system of coordinates. The data are available in the form of a video from the surface that is overlaid by gaze paths with supplementary sound waveforms and as textual data with synchronized coordinates of the two gazes. Our empirical evaluation of this technological solution reports 1.27 ° of visual angle as the spatial accuracy of the system after post-hoc calibration. The advantages, limitations, and further possible enhancements of the system are discussed.
Effect of proton pump inhibitors on dental implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: The present systematic review aims to determine the evidence on the impact of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on dental implants. Settings and Design: This secondary qualitative and quantitative research was done using a pre-specified question and inclusion criteria. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed, Ovid, and Cochrane. All the studies that assessed the effect of PPIs on dental implants were included, irrespective of the design. Literature review, letter to editors, short commentaries, and opinion articles were excluded. Results and Statistical Analysis Used: A total of three publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All these included articles were retrospective cohort studies; the methodological quality was assessed using Newcastle–Ottawa scale. A total of 452 implants were placed in 149 PPI users, whereas 6798 were positioned in 2241 nonusers. Of these, 43 and 212 implants failed in users and nonusers, respectively (odds ratio: 2.91, 95% confidence interval: 2.06–4.11). The meta-analysis was performed using the statistical software Review Manager, and a fixed-effect model was used to obtain the odds ratio. The success rate of implants based on age, gender, smoking, and bone augmentation could be combined only from two studies, which revealed a considerable effect of these factors. Conclusion: As far as the available evidence is considered, it seems as if the usage of PPI has a detrimental effect on the success of dental implants. This influence needs justification as none of the included studies segregated the data based on confounding factors. Hence, there is a need to conduct well-designed, prospective, randomized clinical trials with balanced confounding factors to derive a proper conclusion.
Motion Planning For Micro Aerial Vehicles

A Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) is capable of agile motion in 3D making it an ideal platform for developments of planning and control algorithms. For fully autonomous MAV systems, it is essential to plan motions that are both dynamically feasible and collision-free in cluttered environments. Recent work demonstrates precise control of MAVs using time-parameterized trajectories that satisfy feasibility and safety requirements. However, planning such trajectories is non-trivial, especially when considering constraints, such as optimality and completeness. For navigating in unknown environments, the capability for fast re-planning is also critical. Considering all of these requirements, motion planning for MAVs is a challenging problem. In this thesis, we examine trajectory planning algorithms for MAVs and present methodologies that solve a wide range of planning problems. We first introduce path planning and geometric control methods, which produce spatial paths that are inadequate for high speed flight, but can be used to guide trajectory optimization. We then describe optimization-based trajectory planning and demonstrate this method for solving navigation problems in complex 3D environments. When the initial state is not fixed, an optimization-based method is prone to generate sub-optimal trajectories. To address this challenge, we propose a search-based approach using motion primitives to plan resolution complete and sub-optimal trajectories. This algorithm can also be used to solve planning problems with constraints such as motion uncertainty, limited field-of-view and moving obstacles. The proposed methods can run in real time and are applicable for real-world autonomous navigation, even with limited on-board computational resources. This thesis includes a carefully analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of our planning paradigm and algorithms, and demonstration of their performance through simulation and experiments. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics First Advisor Vijay Kumar
Effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: An in silico pharmacological model

Objective: To explore the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine (SP) against sensitive parasites. Methods: A pharmacological model was used to investigate the effectiveness of the previous recommended at least two-dose regimen, currently recommended three-dose regimen and 4, 6, 8-weekly regimens with specific focus on the impact of various non-adherence patterns in multiple transmission settings. Results: The effectiveness of the recommended three-dose regimen is high in all the transmission intensities, i.e. >99%, 98% and 92% in low, moderate and high transmission intensities respectively. The simulated 4 and 6 weekly IPTp-SP regimens were able to prevent new infections with sensitive parasites in almost all women (>99%) regardless of transmission intensity. However, 8 weekly interval dose schedules were found to have 71% and 86% protective efficacies in high and moderate transmission areas, respectively. It highlights that patients are particularly vulnerable to acquiring new infections if IPTp-SP doses are missed. Conclusions: The pharmacological model predicts that full adherence to the currently recommended three-dose regimen should provide almost complete protection from malaria infection in moderate and high transmission regions. However, it also highlights that patients are particularly vulnerable to acquiring new infections if IPTp doses are spaced too widely or if doses are missed. Adherence to the recommended IPTp-SP schedules is recommended.
The distribution and abundance of predatory arthropods overwintering on farmland

SUMMARY Soil samples (0·04 m-2) were taken from December to January in 1981-82 and 1982-83 from five crop and two non-crop habitats on farmland in Hampshire to quantify the distribution and abundance of overwintering polyphagous predatory arthropods. Total numbers of overwintering polyphagous predators were greater in field boundaries, winter-sown cereals and established grassland than in the other four habitats. Many individual species overwintered in significantly higher densities in field boundaries than in any other habitat; others predominated in woodland, grassland and winter-sown cereals. The carabids Agonum dorsale and Demetrias atricapillus, probably the most important predators of cereal aphids, overwintered almost entirely in field boundaries.
Effectiveness of Low Glycemic Index Diet Consultations Through a Diet Glycemic Assessment App Tool on Maternal and Neonatal Insulin Resistance: A Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND Low glycemic index (LGI) diet has shown to be effective in reducing maternal and neonatal complications in high-risk pregnancies. OBJECTIVE This trial aimed to examine the effectiveness of individualized LGI diet consultations based on the accurate diet glycemic load (GL) assessment tool on maternal and neonatal insulin resistance levels and diet behavior changes in overweight and obese pregnant women. METHODS Overweight and obese pregnant women were recruited before 16 weeks of gestation and randomized to the LGI diet arm or the control arm. All participants received standard dietary education according to the Chinese Dietary Guide for Pregnant Women. In the intervention arm, additional individualized dietary GL assessments were performed using an app and instructions of lowering diet glycemic index (GI) to achieve LGI diet were provided by a clinical dietitian at early, middle, and late gestation. Primary outcomes were serum insulin at late gestation, incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) for mothers, and cord blood C-peptide level of neonates. RESULTS In total, 400 subjects were randomized and received different interventions. There were no significant differences in maternal serum insulin levels (13.2 [9.3-13.2] uU/mL vs 12.4 [10.5-12.4] uU/mL), incidence of GDM (45 [22.5%] vs 43 [21.5%]), or cord blood C-peptide levels (mean 0.9ng/mL [SD 0.7] vs mean 0.8ng/mL [SD 0.6]) in the intervention group compared with the controls. The diet GI at late gestation was similar (mean 63.2 [SD 10.4] vs mean 64.3 [SD 10.4]), whereas greater diet fiber intake was observed in the intervention group (mean 11.6 grams [SD 8.0] vs mean 9.0 grams [SD 5.6]; P=.006). Adherence measurements did not significantly differ between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Individualized LGI diet consultations for overweight and obese pregnant women failed to make a significant difference in maternal or neonatal insulin resistance compared with the standard gestational diet consultation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01628835; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01628835 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/77LHgWP0k).
Corrigendum

Craig, M. A. , & Richeson, J. A. (2014). More diverse yet less tolerant? How the increasingly diverse racial landscape affects White Americans’ racial attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(6), 750–761. doi:10.1177/0146167214524993
Putting the PC in IQ: Images in the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition (WAIS III)

Images, as a form of discourse, have an ideological dimension. The third edition of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale contains images revised so as to make them more ecologically valid and relevant for contemporary test takers. It is argued that the revisionists have to deal with various ideological issues so as to not make these scenes provocative. However, is it possible to produce images that are ideologically sensitive without undermining relevance and ecological validity? This question is addressed by analysing the images using the concept of ‘positionings’ and the social categories of race, gender and class. Strategies are thus articulated that introduce political correctness but may undermine the explicit goals of the revisionists. In response, the notion of ‘narrative validity’ is suggested, which refers to the comprehension of contemporary rhetorical strategies used to sidestep ideological tensions. Given this, test-wiseness takes on an ideological nuance in that test takers require a degree of familiarity with these strategies so as to effectively engage with these sub-tests. The use of the WAIS III in South Africa is consequently discussed.
When You Don’t Quite Get What You Want

People’s success or failure to gain inclusion in groups may result from their own actions or the actions of others. Two studies compared the personal and interpersonal consequences of inclusion and exclusion when they resulted from these two processes. People’s own failure to “claim” inclusion in a computerized ballgame was equally detrimental for fundamental needs and made people equally unlikely to behave prosocially to group members, as being denied inclusion by others. In contrast, the beneficial effects of inclusion depended on the process with which it was obtained, and meta-perceptions of warmth mediated these differences; people who succeeded to claim inclusion thought their interaction partners liked them less than people who were granted inclusion, and as a result, their fundamental needs were satisfied less, and they behaved less prosocially.
Multiple Pattern Matching

—In this paper, we consider certain generalizations of string matching problems. The multiple pattern matching problem is that of ﬁnding all occurrences of a set of patterns in a ﬁxed text. This is a well studied problem, and several popular Unix utilities (grep, agrep, and nrgrep, to name a few) implement a host of algorithms to solve this problem. In this paper, we present both exact and approximate multiple pattern matching, using a uniform paradigm that generalizes the Shift-AND method of Baeza-Yates and Gonnet. Our algorithm is able to achieve better performance in certain searching scenarios when compared with the Unix utilities agrep and nrgrep, and should be considered being added to the grep family of searching algorithms.
The Resilience of Naval Specialists: Their Sense of Coherence and its Relationship with Measures of Personality

The occupational demands placed on naval specialists require them to be individuals with high levels of resilience. In this study, I firstly measured the sense of coherence (SoC) of naval specialists, which included 97 divers and 318 submariners, and the results confirmed the high scores hypothesised. Secondly, I explored the relationship between sense of coherence and certain personality traits known to be important for naval specialists, as measured by the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF), the IPAT Anxiety Scale, and Rotter's Intemality-Externality Scale (RIES). The hypothesised correlations on the 16PF, however, were not demonstrated. Instead, the personality traits associated with high SoC scores — the so-called resilient profile — differed from the typical profile of naval specialists. The expected significant negative correlation with anxiety was shown, as was the significant correlation between high SoC scores and more internality on the RIES. The results clearly point to the value of resilience indicators when screening for vulnerable individuals in high-demand environments.
Bayesian recommender systems : models and algorithms

This thesis is about how Bayesian methods can be applied to explicitly model and efficiently reason about uncertainty to make optimal recommendations. We are interested in three dimensions of recommender systems: (1) preference elicitation, (2) set-based recommendations, and (3) matchmaking. The first dimension concerns how one can minimize the elicitation efforts in learning a user’s utility function to propose the maximal utility recommendation. The second dimension concerns set-based recommendations, and the problem of how one can optimize the relevance of the recommended set, with respect to uncertainty over the relevance of each item in the set. The third dimension concerns the problem of matchmaking, which is the process of pairing competitors based on similar latent skill levels, given match outcomes, e.g., score, or win/lose/draw. All three dimensions face an inherent problem of handling uncertainty : user utility uncertainty for preference elicitation, query topic uncertainty for set-based retrieval in the context of document retrieval, and skill uncertainty in matchmaking. Bayesian approaches prove to be extremely flexible in modeling various problems, and are robust to risk. However, it is not until recently that efficient Bayesian inference techniques have been introduced for complex models. Thus, we utilize recent advances in Bayesian approaches for addressing these three problems. Our contributions in the thesis are twofold. First, we present compact Bayesian graphical models for dimensions (1)–(3). Second, for each dimension, we make use of advanced Bayesian inference techniques to learn and make optimal recommendations.
Validity and utility of the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument

Introduction Global migration as well as migration to Sweden has increased during the last few decades. A self-rating instrument that measures cultural competence could support occupational therapists’ professional knowledge when they encounter clients from different cultural backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content validity and utility of the Swedish version of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument among occupational therapists. Nineteen occupational therapists participated in four focus groups. Method Qualitative analysis was used to evaluate content validity and utility. Results The results revealed that all 24 items of the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument were valid, even though six of the items were in need of reformulations and exemplifications. The category Interactions with clients showed that the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument – Swedish version could be utilised individually to raise awareness on cultural issues in practice. The category Workplace and its organisational support showed that the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument – Swedish version had potential for use in different workplaces, and indicated the importance of organisational support in the development of communications and cultural competence. Conclusion The evaluation indicated positive content validity for the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument – Swedish version, and that it had the potential to be utilised in the Swedish context.
Influence of substrate concentration in accumulation pattern of poly(R) hydroxyalkonoate in Pseudomonas putida SU-8

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are accumulated by many bacteria intracellularly as carbon and energy reserves in presence of excess carbon source and limited nitrogen or other nutrient sources. The accumulation pattern of these PHA may vary as the supplements are varied. In this study, Pseudomonas putida SU-8 was allowed to grow in glucose and lactose containing medium, the organism was found to accumulate more PHA when the nitrogen source was limited. The organism was found to accumulate PHA at the early log phase when it was allowed to grow in nitrogen limited medium. The organism did not accumulate PHA when it was limited with phosphate source. It was also found to accumulate homopolymer PHB while growing in either glucose or lactose containing medium.