Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiwaveband Observations of Quasars with Flat Radio Spectra and Strong Millimeter-Wave Emission

We present multiwaveband observations of a well-selected sample of 28 quasars and two radio galaxies with flat radio spectra and strong millimeter-wave emission (referred to here as FSRQs). The data are analyzed to determine the radio to infrared and X-ray to γ-ray properties of FSRQs and the relationships between them. Specifically, the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) process is examined as a likely common radiation mechanism. For most sources, the broadband spectra are still incomplete, especially in the far-infrared and ultraviolet range. Therefore, precise analysis, such as model fitting of spectra, is not usually possible. To compensate partially for this, we have taken a statistical approach and examine the relationship between high- and low-energy emission by using the data set for the entire sample. We use very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) at 8.4 and 22 GHz—higher frequencies than those of previous surveys—in conjunction with nearly simultaneous radio to submillimeter-wave observations to determine the parameters of the synchrotron spectrum and to examine the compact angular structure of a subset of sources from our sample. These parameters are used to predict the SSC X-ray flux densities. Seven of 30 sources have predicted self-Compton X-ray flux densities well above the observed flux densities obtained with the ROSAT satellite unless one assumes that the radiating plasma experiences bulk relativistic motion directed toward the observer's line of sight. Three of these seven sources are detected at γ-ray frequencies. Model spectra show that the X-rays are consistent with the first-order SSC process, with the simultaneous multiwaveband spectrum of the quasar 0836+710 obtained in 1992 March being very well fitted by SSC emission from a uniform, relativistically moving source. The γ-rays are not produced via second-order self-Compton scattering but rather by either first-order self-Compton scattering or some other process. A comparison of the ROSAT X-ray flux densities and those obtained earlier with the Einstein Observatory show that several FSRQs are X-ray variables on timescales of about a decade. Several sources that were observed more than once with ROSAT also show variability on timescales of 1-2 yr, with the X-ray variability in these cases often associated with millimeter-wave variability and lower VLBI core-to-jet flux ratios. Detections at γ-ray energies also appear to be related to increases in the radio to millimeter-wave flux densities. Statistical analysis shows that the millimeter-wave and X-ray luminosities for the sample are strongly correlated, with a linear regression slope ~0.65. The peak in the distribution of X-ray to millimeter spectral indices also indicates a strong connection between millimeter-wave and X-ray emission. Particularly interesting is a correlation between X-ray to millimeter spectral index and fraction of flux density contained in the VLBI core. This tendency toward higher X-ray fluxes from sources with stronger jet emission implies that the knots in the jet are prominent sources of X-rays.
Robots Building Bridges , Not Walls 1

The TERMES system is a robot collective capable of constructing 2.5D user-specified structures with specialized bricks. This work extends the original system, by enabling 3D construction without added complexity in the robots. To do this, we introduce an expandable brick which complies with the original TERMES hardware and is inexpensive and fast to fabricate. We further show a decentralized algorithm that permits an arbitrary number of robots to use both original and expandable bricks to build structures with overhangs over convex cavities, i.e. with bridges and roofs. Finally, we discuss a mechanical redesign of the robots towards decreased system cost, fabrication and maintenance time. Although more work is needed to realize construction of large-scale overhangs in practice, our work represents an important step towards construction of complex structures by minimalistic and scalable robot collectives.
3)R30o-Au and (6x6)-Au surfaces

3-Au surface result in top layer Si atoms with an SiAu4 butterfly wing configuration. The structure of a (6x6)-Au phase, whose in-plane top atomic layer positions were previously determined by an electron holography technique [Grozea et al. Surf. Sci. 418, 32 (1998)], is calculated using total energy minimization. The Patterson function for this structure is calculated and is in good agreement with data from an in-plane x-ray diffraction study [Dornisch et al. Phys. Rev. B 44, 11221 (1991)]. Filled and empty state scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images are calculated for domain walls and the (6x6)-Au structure. The (6x6)-Au phase is 2D chiral and this is evident in computed and actual STM images. The (6x6)-Au and domain wall structures contain the SiAu4 motif with a butterfly wing shape. Chemical bonding within the Si-Au top layers of the √
Effect of block composition on thermal properties and melt viscosity of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), poly(ethylenen oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) block co-polymers

To modify the rheological properties of certain commercial polymers, a set of block copolymers were synthe- sized through oxyanionic polymerization of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate to the chain ends of commercial pre- polymers, namely poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO), and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO). The formed block copolymers were analysed with size exclu- sion chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in order to confirm block formation. Thermal charac- terization of the resulting polymers was done with differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal transition points were also confirmed with rotational rheometry, which was primarily used to measure melt strength properties of the resulting block co-polymers. It was observed that the synthesised poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block (PDM) affected slightly the thermal transition points of crystalline PEO-block but the influence was stronger on amorphous PPO-blocks. Frequency sweeps measured above the melting temperatures for the materials confirmed that the pre-polymers (PEO and PEO-PPO-PEO) behave as Newtonian fluids whereas polymers with a PDM block structure exhibit clear shear thinning behaviour. In addition, the PDM block increased the melt viscosity when compared with that one of the pre-polymer. As a final result, it became obvious that pre-polymers modified with PDM were in entangled form, in the melted state as well in the solidified form.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR PERSIAN CALLIGRAPHY LEARNING A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCIENCES OF NEAR EAST UNIVERSITY

Persian Nastaliq calligraphy is one of the most famous oriental arts. Last few years the number of the Nastaliq learners increase dramatically. Too many learners in various ages and level (30 students to a teacher), lack of specialist in this filed, too less time (2 h per week) and modern life troubles (e.g. Traffic, Working hours, etc.) lead to the ineffective learning. Learners can't exercise their writing practices sufficiently. In this thesis, an interactive intelligent computer-based grading and guiding system is main proposed. This study proposes for the first time an intelligent tutor system for automation of the Persian calligraphy learning process. The system incorporates image processing and machine learning technologies. Digitization, filtering, segmentation and feature extraction are image-processing techniques that prepare the appropriate input for the training phase of the multi multiclass SVMs machine learning phase. Displaying suitable feedback on screen for learners is another aim of the study. In this regard, the system provides facilities for Persian Nastaliq calligraphy learners to reduce errors that are inherent in traditional education methods, makes the process more efficient and allows people to take advantage of learning possibilities whenever and wherever they choose. The developed system has been tested for more than 192 character and the experimental results revealed that approximately over than 90.05 percentages is working satisfactorily.
Central Oklahoma Bioassessment Study: Evaluation of Stream Health by Using Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities as Biological Indicators

Ongoing studies in central Oklahoma collect bioassessment data to evaluate stream health. During the summer and fall of 1997 and 1998, habitat assessments and biotic evaluations were completed on 400 m reaches of streams within metropolitan Oklahoma City. For each stream, an index of biotic integrity (IBI) score was calculated for the fish community, a rapid bioassessment protocol III (RBP III) score was calculated for the macroinvertebrate community, and habitats were scored based on predetermined criteria. Fish and macroinvertebrate communities were then evaluated by comparing them to replicated reference streams. Of 79 stream bioassessments completed in 1997 and 1998, 54 sites had 400 m of continuous water. Eight of these sites were reference streams, and 46 sites were suitable for comparison to the reference database. Of the sites judged unsuitable, 11 sites had less than 275 m of water, nine sites were completely dry, and five sites were impounded. Habitat scores for study streams ranged from 34.5 to 126 (180 possible points), IBI scores ranged from 8 to 32 (40 possible points), and RBP III scores ranged from 10 to 38 (48 possible points). The results of this study show that 74% of the streams assessed within metropolitan Oklahoma City had some level of water quality impairment. ©Oklahoma Academy of Science.
Management of a Visible Nodule Following Poly-L-Lactic Acid Injection in the Periorbital Area.

Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a synthetic injectable medical agent used to treat patients with loss of volume in the face, chest, and hands. It consists of a biodegradable and bioresorbable powder, a synthetic nonpermanent polymer. PLLA was introduced in Europe in 1999 (NewFill; Ashford Aesthetics Inc., Brussels, Belgium) under the category of wrinkle filler [1]. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it for United States use in 2004 (Sculptra; Dermik Laboratories, Berwyn, PA, USA) for correction of facial fat loss secondary to lipoatrophy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and in 2009 as a cosmetic volumizer for soft tissue enhancement in the non-HIV-positive population. PLLA is very effective at increasing tissue volume and it has been found to provide clinical benefits lasting up to 2 years [2]. Although it has been further suggested to have a low likelihood of adverse events [1], one of the most common side effects associated with PLLA is the occurrence of subcutaneous nodules [3]. Nodule formation may be cosmetically disfiguring and frequently leads to a therapeutic challenge. Here we present a case of a visible nodule on the infraorbital region resulting from foreign body granulomatous reaction to the injection of PLLA and its subsequent surgical management with a subciliary approach. We also discuss relevant injection techniques for minimizing the risk of subcutaneous nodule formation and treatment options for this complication.
How expectations shape pain

Pain is highly modifiable by psychological factors, including expectations. However, pain is a complex phenomenon, and expectations may work by influencing any number of processes that underlie the construction of pain. Neuroimaging has begun to provide a window into these brain processes, and how expectations influence them. In this article, we review findings regarding expectancy effects on brain markers of nociception and how expectations lead to changes in subjective pain. We address both expectations about treatments (placebo analgesia and nocebo effects) and expectations about the environment (e.g. expectations about pain itself). The body of work reviewed indicates that expectancies shape pain-
Fast computation of Gauss quadrature nodes and weights on the whole real line

A fast and accurate algorithm for the computation of Gauss-Hermite and generalized Gauss-Hermite quadrature nodes and weights is presented. The algorithm is based on Newton's method with carefully selected initial guesses for the nodes and a fast evaluation scheme for the associated orthogonal polynomial. In the Gauss-Hermite case the initial guesses and evaluation scheme rely on explicit asymptotic formulas. For generalized Gauss-Hermite, the initial guesses are furnished by sampling a certain equilibrium measure and the associated polynomial evaluated via a Riemann-Hilbert reformulation. In both cases the n-point quadrature rule is computed in O(n) operations to an accuracy that is close to machine precision. For sufficiently largen, some of the quadrature weights have a value less than the smallest positive normalized floating-point number in double precision and we exploit this fact to achieve a complexity as low as O( √ n). a w(x)f(x)dx ≈ n X k=1 wkf(xk)
TL 030 EXAMINE THE RELATIONS BETWEEN PATIENT SATISFACTION, LOYALTY & TRUST

The healthcare service is a high credence service. Not only patient satisfaction but also patient (emotional) trust with healthcare service providers is regarded as important to the patients. Moreover, the ultimate aim of every patient is to have his/her disease cured or have their health improved or feel more comfortable after treatment. Any satisfying strategy from healthcare service providers without achieving these purposes is meaningless. These points differentiate the model in healthcare service from other services in general. Taking those differences into consideration, this paper is the extension of the customer loyalty model presented in [1] (Kay Storbacka, Tore Strandvik, and Christian Gronroos (1994)) into the healthcare service. It is to study the role of patient loyalty in the relationship between patient satisfaction and trust. It examines the factors affecting patient loyalty and patient trust. Finally, it offers a simplified framework for further analysis of the satisfaction, loyalty and trust of patients.
ALIGNMENT FREE LOCAL MINUTIA DESCRIPTOR BASED LATENT FINGERPRINT MATCHING Mrs

Latent prints are impressions produced by the ridged skin, known as friction ridges, on human fingers, palms, and soles of the feet Latent fingerprints are lifted from surfaces of objects at crime scenes. It plays a very important role in identifying suspects in the crime scene investigations. Latents are partial fingerprints that are usually smudgy, with small area and containing large distortion. This paper presents a fingerprint matching algorithm which is especially designed for matching latents. Each fingerprint only needs to be matched against records of the corresponding class contained in the database. For fast verification, SHA hashing algorithm is used. The orientation field is reconstructed from minutiae. Then, a decision tree classifier is applied to for fingerprint classification based similarity matching to recognize the ridge structure of the print, without needing to detect singular points. The proposed algorithm relies only on manually marked minutiae, it can be easily used in law enforcement applications. Finally, fingerprint class is determined by the ensemble of the classification results at multiple scales. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing fingerprint matchers.
A contest success function with a tractable noise parameter

I propose a simple contest success function which is a variant of the Tullock probability function under certain conditions. It relaxes two features of the Tullock probability function. I show that this contest success function could be used to obtain interesting results and is more tractable than Tullock's function in certain cases. In particular, researchers who are interested in examining the degree to which luck as opposed to effort affects behavior in different contest settings might find it easier to use this contest success function than the Tullock success function. Unlike the Tullock function, there always exists a pure-strategy equilibrium for all values of the parameter which captures the degree of noise. The proposed function has been used in Kolmar and Wagener (2004) with interesting results.
Seismic source functions and attenuation from local and teleseismic observations of the NTS Events Jorum and Handley. Quarterly technical report, 22 November 1978-31 January 1979

Several strong-motion seismograms recorded at 8 km from a large nuclear test at Pahute Mesa, Nevada Test Site, are modeled using the Cagniard-de Hoop technique. The ratio of vertical to radial motions suggest that the peak values are produced by ray paths that penetrated to a depth several kilometers below the source. A homogeneous layered Earth model with velocity increasing with depth was used in the modeling of the velocity time histories. The upper portion of the velocity model was determined by averaging bore-hole data and the lower portion was obtained from regional refraction measurements. Assuming a modified Haskell (1967) source representation, ψ(t) = ψ_o[1 - e^(-Kt)(1 + Kt (Kt)^2/2 - B(Kt)^3)] we obtain a range of source descriptions with ψ_o varying with K and B, ψ_o (K,B). The range of source models for Jorum are ψ_o (5, 1) = 3.1, ψ_o (5, 2) = 1.7, and ψ_o (5, 3) = 1.2 times 10^(11) cm^3, respectively. Given an explosion source description, it is a straightforward task to determine the teleseismic attenuation from WWSSN observations. From both the short- and long-period observations from these events, an average t^* of 1.3 is obtained for compressional waves of a dominant 1-sec period. This estimate is insensitive to the range of K and B obtained from the near-field modeling.
Economic Choice Theory: An Experimental Analysis of Animal Behaviour.

John Kagel, Raymond Battalio, and Leonard Green are well known for their pioneering research programme, in which experiments with rat and pigeon subjects are used to test economic theory. In this book, they summarise the results of their experiments, and of related work by other economists, psychologists, and biologists. Their research programme, they say, has three main objectives. First, and most important, it seeks to test the predictions of the economic theory of rational choice in controlled settings. Secondly, it tests economic theory against alternative theories of choice particularly, theories based on 'matching' heuristics that have been favoured by psychologists and biologists. Thirdly, it aims to shed light on some important social issues, such as the ' cycle of poverty' hypothesis and the debate about the disincentive effects of income taxation. In relation to the first two objectives, the authors' research programme has proved highly successful. The familiar theories of consumer choice and of labour supply, based on the assumption of consistent preferences and on the analysis of income and substitution effects, work remarkably well for rats and pigeons. By appropriate choices of experimental parameters, the authors have been able to induce responses which are difficult to explain in terms of matching heuristics, but which have familiar economic explanations. For example, they have induced Giffen goods, goods which are gross complements, and labour supply curves which slope upwards at low wages and then bend back. In contrast, animal subjects consistently violate both expected utility theory and principles of dynamic consistency. Interestingly, the patterns of those violations are similar to ones that have been observed among humans, and which recent work in economic theory has sought to explain. For example, rats reveal a common ratio effect (a version of the Allais paradox), and are riskaverse for losses but risk-loving for gains; pigeons behave as if their preference for consumption in period t relative to consumption in period -̂h i is stronger, the closer t is to the present. However, the authors' rational-choice account of animal behaviour confronts
COMPRESSION BASED FACE RECOGNITION USING DWT AND SVM

The biometric is used to identify a person effectively and employ in almost all applications of day to day activities. In this paper, we propose compression based face recognition using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The novel concept of converting many images of single person into one image using averaging technique is introduced to reduce execution time and memory. The DWT is applied on averaged face image to obtain approximation (LL) and detailed bands. The LL band coefficients are given as input to SVM to obtain Support vectors (SV’s). The LL coefficients of DWT and SV’s are fused based on arithmetic addition to extract final features. The Euclidean Distance (ED) is used to compare test image features with database image features to compute performance parameters. It is observed that, the proposed algorithm is better in terms of performance compared to existing algorithms .
Lyapunov Functions for Weak Solutions of Reaction-Diffusion Equations with Discontinuous Interaction Functions and its Applications

Abstract In this paper we investigate additional regularity properties for global and trajectory attractors of all globally defined weak solutions of semi-linear parabolic differential reaction-diffusion equations with discontinuous nonlinearities, when initial data uτ ∈ L2(Ω). The main contributions in this paper are: (i) sufficient conditions for the existence of a Lyapunov function for all weak solutions of autonomous differential reaction-diffusion equations with discontinuous and multivalued interaction functions; (ii) convergence results for all weak solutions in the strongest topologies; (iii) new structure and regularity properties for global and trajectory attractors. The obtained results allow investigating the long-time behavior of state functions for the following problems: (a) a model of combustion in porous media; (b) a model of conduction of electrical impulses in nerve axons; (c) a climate energy balance model; (d) a parabolic feedback control problem.
Comparison of newtonian and fourier thermal analysis techniques for calculation of latent heat and solid fraction of aluminum alloys

The cooling curve analysis (CCA) has been used extensively in the metal casting industry, usually to predict alloy compositio n and microstructure constituents. The use of CCA can be expanded to other areas of solidification if the zero curves can be properly calculated. In this paper the Newtonian and Fourier techniques of zero curve determination are described. These techniques were developed to calculate latent heat and to determine the correlations between solid fraction and temperature/time for Al-7 wt%Si alloy. The importance of the changes in heat capacity and density of solid and liquid phases during solidification on the latent heat calculations was examined. The latent heat calculated by Computer-Aided Cooling Curve Analysis (CA-CCA) method is compared with those reported in the literature. The effect of experimental procedure and type of sampling cup on the latent heat calculations were studied for both techniques.