Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Total Factor Productivity, Technological Change, and Efficiency Differentials Among States, 1977-86

Significant differences in the growth rates of total factor productivity (TFP) exist among states. In this study, the sources of differences in TFP growth, technological change, and average efficiency levels for states in the period 1977-86 are identified. Rather than focusing on just the manufacturing sector, the present study is concerned with TFP growth and technological change for all (aggregated) sectors. Results from the study indicate that policies to attract manufacturing industries and private capital will increase TFP growth, primarily by increasing technological change. States with lower levels of production efficiency can move closer to their production frontiers by improving the quality of the labor force (education, for example), attracting private capital and, in the case of states with very large metropolitan areas, by encouraging the decentralization of economic activity.
Developments In Business Simulation & Experiential Exercises , Volume 19 , 1992 39 A NEW MARKET DEMAND MODEL FOR BUSINESS SIMULATORS

A new market demand model for computerized business simulators is mathematically derived from theory, and correctly models both short-term and long-term consumer behavior. The inability of existing models to model long-term consumer behavior properly is explained. The new model offers far more design flexibility than possible with existing models, and reduces the possibility that the simulation will be perceived as unrealistic.
Based on BCG S ignal D et ction D eviceR

Cardiovascular disease is one of the main diseases threatening human healthy. Currently, the main method to detect cardiac function is electrocardiogram (ECG). However, with the development of sensors and signal detection technology, many scholars have accepted to use ballistocardiogram (BCG) signal to detect cardiac function. The system of collecting the BCG signal is the newest noninvasive way to diagnose the cardiovascular disease. From now on, the collective of BCG signal has developed a lot, and the real-time BCG signal detections have many different methods which include sitting, standing, lying, ear band, wrist-mounted, wearable and so on. All those detections can detect the BCG signal, but the quality of the signal is different with the different detection method and algorithm. To make knowledge of BCG for many scholars, the paper summaries the different gestures to detect BCG and introduces the development of BCG signal in detail at present. Keywords—BCG signal; detected gesture; sensor
A S.E.M.-investigation on the development of free carpels

The early development (ontogeny) of the carpels of 20 species belonging to 8 apocarpous families was investigated with the scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that on the floral apex a circular or a convex meristem develops into an obliquely ascidiate primordium by unequal growth of its periphery. By further unequal growth it develops into a young carpel. The terminal mouth of a cup becomes the lateral cleft of a carpel. The different forms of the young carpels in different species are defined by the varying degree of development of the adaxial region of the initial meristem and/or its margin on the side of the floral apex. This hypothesis is theoretically evaluated.
C ] 2 5 N ov 2 01 5 How predictable is technological progress ? ∗

Recently it has become clear that many technologies follow a generalized version of Moore’s law, i.e. costs tend to drop exponentially, at different rates that depend on the technology. Here we formulate Moore’s law as a correlated geometric random walk with drift, and apply it to historical data on 53 technologies. We derive a closed form expression approximating the distribution of forecast errors as a function of time. Based on hind-casting experiments we show that this works well, making it possible to collapse the forecast errors for many different technologies at different time horizons onto the same universal distribution. This is valuable because it allows us to make forecasts for any given technology with a clear understanding of the quality of the forecasts. As a practical demonstration we make distributional forecasts at different time horizons for solar photovoltaic modules, and show how our method can be used to estimate the probability that a given technology will outperform another technology ∗Acknowledgements: We would like to acknowledge Diana Greenwald and Aimee Bailey for their help in gathering and selecting data, as well as Glen Otero for help acquiring data on genomics, Chris Goodall for bringing us up to date on developments in solar PV, and Christopher Llewellyn Smith, Jeff Alstott, Michael Totten, our INET colleagues and three referees for comments. This project was supported by the European Commission project FP7-ICT-2013-611272 (GROWTHCOM) and by the U.S. Dept. of Solar Energy Technologies Office under grant DE-EE0006133. Contacts: doyne.farmer@inet.ox. ac.uk; francois.lafond@inet.ox. ac.uk at a given point in the future.
Testing Inter-Rater Reliability in Rubrics for Large Scale Undergraduate Independent Projects

This work outlines the process of testing inter-rater reliability in rubrics for large scale undergraduate independent projects; more specifically, the thesis program within the Division of Engineering Science at the University of Toronto, in which 200 students work with over 100 supervisors on an independent research project. Over the last few years, rubrics have been developed to both guide the students in the creation of their thesis deliverables, and to improve the consistency of supervisor assessment. To examine inter-rater reliability, 12 final thesis reports were assessed using the course rubric by the two generalist experts, who have worked extensively with the thesis course and designed the rubrics, alongside the project supervisor. We found substantial agreement between the two generalist experts, but only fair agreement between the generalist experts and the supervisors, suggesting that while the rubric does help towards developing a common set of expectations, there may be other aspects of the supervisor’s assessment practice that need to be considered.
Vulnerability attachment style to depression and lack of forgiveness: investigation the role of affect control.

Objective: Despite growing evidence regarding the relationship between depression and lack of forgiveness, there are some ambiguities. In this Article three questions in two separated study were investigated: first, is there any difference between individual with vulnerable attachment styles to depression and individual without vulnerable attachment in terms of lack of forgiveness. Second, whether there is a relationship among vulnerable attachment, affect control and lack of forgiveness. Third, to what extent lack of forgiveness is affected by vulnerable attachment components and affect control. Method: in Study 1 (N= 112), participants completed the vulnerability attachment style questionnaire and Transgression Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory. In Study 2 we included the affective control Scale and Participants (N= 145) completed three scales. Data analysis with Shapiro-Wilk normality test, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson correlation and Multiple Regression analysis. Results: In first study, Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was a statistically significant difference between non-vulnerable and vulnerable attachment styles groups, in lack of forgiveness. Second Study result, replicated the association between lack of forgiveness and vulnerable attachment style. In addition affect control and attachment styles have some correlate with transgression related interpersonal motivations. Conclusions: The current study has provided an evidence that lack of forgiveness may be regarded as a predisposing factor and antecedent to depression. However the relationship between attachment, affect control and forgiveness still requires further investigation.
Control Strategy for Energy Storage System Inverter Based on Fuzzy Neural Network Controller

The traditional PID controller has a shortage of an-interference performance, parameters setting and time-varying control. In order to improve the output-voltage performance of the inverter and robustness of battery energy storage system power supply, this paper put forward a control method based on optimized fuzzy PID controller. Based on expounding the definition and math algorithm of fractional order controller, introduced fuzzy control rules to adjust the parameters of the controller, meanwhile, the method also combined with the self-learning ability of the neural network, adjusted and optimized the controller parameters online by improving the membership function and fuzzy control rules constantly. The simulation results show that the quality of anti-interference and robust of the optimized control system are enhanced, the controller has better construction and dynamic performance, above all, the optimized control methods are feasible for the inverter of battery energy storage system.
The Mode of Action of Phosphine

The mode of action of phosphine (PH3) was investigated principally using adult maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. Mortality of the insects did not increase with an increase in PH3 concentration. High PH3 concentrations narcotized the insects by decreasing the respiratory rate. There was a significant relation between the oxygen uptake and the mortality. The results of in vitro experiments led to the conclusion that PH3 inhibited the cytochrome oxidase activity as in the case of HCN. However, PH3 showed a low inhibitory effect on state 4 respiration of both mitochondria of the maize weevil and the rat liver, and a weak action on the reduced form of cytochrome oxidase obtained from the beef heart. In vivo experiments demonstrated that PH3 inhibited the activity of cytochrome oxidase in mitochondria obtained from the insects treated at lower PH3 concentrations more effectively than that in mitochondria from the insects narcotized at higher PH3 concentrations. A special factor to absorb PH3 was detected in a soluble fraction obtained from the homogenate of flour beetles, Tribolium castaneum. This factor may act as a catalyst to promote a reaction between oxygen and PH3 to produce an oxygen radical. The effect of PH3 on the insects varied with the concentration. PH3 at higher concentrations exerted a narcotic effect on the insects by decreasing the oxygen uptake as the mitochondria reached state 4 respiration and cytochrome oxidase was reduced, thus making the target site insensitive to PH3. PH3 at lower concentrations did not exert a narcotic effect on the insects, leaving the target site sensitive to PH3 as the mitochondria exhibited state 3 respiration and cytochrome oxidase was oxidized. In addition, the reaction to produce an oxygen radical at the cellular level and the anoxic condition of the insects may account for the action mechanism of PH3.
Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial part of Pentatropis nivalis (Asclepiadaceae)

The objective of present study was to evaluate preliminary phytoconstitutents and invitro antioxidant potential of Pentatropis nivalis (Asclepiadaceae). During the preliminary phytochemical analysis, methanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial part of Pentatropis nivalis was screened for the presence of phenolic, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phytosterols. TLC of extracts were performed by using various solvent systems. Phytochemicals screening and TLC spots of MEPN and AEPN showed the presence of glycoside, steroids, terpenoids, phenolic, saponins, Methanolic extract showed better qualitative tests for presence of secondary metabolites than aqueous extract.The in-vitro antioxidant potential of extracts were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP, and both methods showed that the plant possesses good antioxidant activity.
Do black hole masses scale with classical bulge luminosities only? The case of the two composite pseudo-bulge galaxies NGC 3368 and NGC 3489

It is now well established that all galaxies with a massive bulge component harbour a central supermassive black hole (SMBH). The mass of the SMBH correlates with bulge properties such as the bulge mass and the velocity dispersion, which implies that the bulge and the central black hole of a galaxy have grown together during the formation process. As part of an investigation of the dependence of the SMBH mass on bulge types and formation mechanisms, we present measurements of SMBH masses in two pseudobulge galaxies. The spiral galaxy NGC 3368 is double-barred and hosts a large pseudobulge with a tiny classical bulge component at the very centre. The S0 galaxy NGC 3489 has only a weak large-scale bar, a small pseudobulge and a small classical bulge. Both galaxies show weak nuclear activity in the optical, indicative of the presence of a supermassive black hole. We present high resolution, adaptive-optics-assisted, near-infrared integral field data of these two galaxies, taken with SINFONI at the Very Large Telescope, and use axisymmetric orbit models to determine the masses of the SMBHs. The SMBH mass of NGC 3368, averaged over the four quadrants, ishM i = 7:5 10 6 M with an error of 1:5 10 6 M , which mostly comes from the non-axisymmetry in the data. For NGC 3489, a solution without black hole cannot be excluded when modelling the SINFONI data alone, but can be clearly ruled out when modelling a combination of SINFONI, OASIS and SAURON data, for which we obtain M = (6:00 +0:56 0:54 jstat 0:64jsys) 10 6 M . Although both galaxies seem to be consistent with the M - relation, at face value they do not agree with the relation between bulge magnitude and black hole mass when the total bulge magnitude (i.e., including both classical bulge and pseudobulge) is considered; the agreement is better when only the small classical bulge components are considered. However, taking into account the ageing of the stellar population could change this conclusion.
Thermal Analysis on Radial Flux Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) using Finite Element Method

The main source of heat in the permanent magnet generator (PMG) is the total losses which f come from winding losses, core losses and rotational losses. Total heat arising from such these losses must be properly distributed and maintained so as not to exceed the maximum allowable temperature to prevent damage to insulation on the winding and demagnetization on the permanent magnet machines. In this research, we consider thermal analysis which is occurred on the radial flux PMG by using finite element method to determine the extent to which the heat generated can be properly distributed. The simulation results show that there are no points of heat concentration or hot spot. The simulation maximum temperatures of the permanent magnet and the winding are 39.1 o C and 72.5 o C respectively while the experimental maximum temperature of the winding is 62 o C. AbstrakSumber utama panas dalam generator magnet permanen (GMP) adalah rugi-rugi yang terdiri dari rugi lilitan, rugi inti dan rugi rotasional. Panas total yang timbul dari rugi-rugi tersebut, harus terdistribusi secara merata dan dijaga supaya tidak melebihi temperatur maksimum yang diizinkan untuk mencegah kerusakan isolator pada lilitan dan demagnetisasi pada mesin magnet permanen. Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan analisis termal pada GMP fluks radial menggunakan metoda elemen hingga untuk mengetahui sejauh mana panas yang ditimbulkan dapat terdistribusi secara merata. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi titik konsentrasi panas atau hotspot dalam generator. Temperatur maksimum magnet dan lilitan hasil simulasi adalah 39.1 o C dan 72.5 o C sedangkan temperatur maksimum hasil eksperimen pada lilitan adalah 62 o C.
ASSESSMENT OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR BATHYMETRY ESTIMATION USING HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY IN SHALLOW LAKES: CASE STUDY EL BURULLUS LAKE.

In this research, an approach for estimating shallow water depths (bathymetric map) from multispectral images is proposed. This method is based on using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) fitting algorithms using reflectance of influencing bands of water depths and their logarithms for bathymetry detection. An automated method for calibrating the parameters for a Log- Nonlinear inversion model was developed using Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. The ANN fitting algorithms using reflectance of Green and Red bands and their logarithms was compared with ANN using reflectance of four SPOT-4 image bands, ANN using reflectance of Green band only and two other conventional models. These are third order polynomial correlation using the Reflectance of Green band and Generalized Linear Model (GLM) using reflectance of both Green and Red bands. The retrieved bathymetry from all methods using SPOT image was evaluated by Echo Sounder data. The results showed that the proposed approach using reflectance of Green and Red bands and their logarithms has acceptable performance and more accurate than other methods with RMSE of 0.15 m. The methods of ANNs with single layer model, using reflectance of four bands, 3rd order polynomial and GLM gives RMSE of 0.17 m, 0.165 m, 0.19 m and 0.18 m respectively over shallow water depths less than 2m.
The Effect of Tax Audit on Tax Compliance in Nigeria (A Study of Bauchi State Board of Internal Revenue)

This paper assesses the effect of Tax audit on tax compliance in Nigeria a case of Bauchi State Board of Internal Revenue. The methodology employed for data collection is only primary source, which involved the use of questionnaires, in which 48 questionnaire were administered to the staff of Bauchi State Board of Internal Revenue, some selected individuals tax payers and corporate bodies within Bauchi State out of which only 42 questionnaires were completed and returned. The data generated for the study were interpreted using simple percentage. The main finding of the study include among other; the Relevant Tax Authority (RTA) employed tax audit towards achieving target revenue, that tax audit reduce the problems of tax evasion, that tax payers do not usually cooperated with tax audit personnel during the exercise. etc The paper recommends that; the RTA at all levels should improve the standard of tax audit employed for effectiveness and efficiency, tax audit should aim at reducing the level of tax evasion and RTA should provide a policy that would allow the tax payers to cooperate during the period of tax audit. Key words: Relevant Tax Authority (RTA), Tax payers, Tax audit, Tax compliance, Bauchi State Board of Internal Revenue
Stability and error estimate of a cohesive zone mod el implemented using the augmented lagrangian method.

Since the origins of cohesive zone model (CZM) proposed by Dugdale [1] and later by Bareblatt [2], the approach has been increasingly used and st udied in computational mechanics community and several traction-separation criteria have been proposed to analyse damage in different kinds of materials. The classical way to implement those CZM is straightforward considering a fracture equilibrium term in the global solid equilibrium eq uation as an intrinsic behaviour. In recent years new approaches like enrichment-embedded kinematics, discontinuous Galerkin methods, isogeometric analysis, lagrange multipliers based f ormulations have been successfully used for quasi-static and dynamic fracture simulation. A CZM implemented in an augmented lagrangian formulation based on the model proposed by Lorentz [3] is developed and analyzed in this paper . This method is able to deal with unilateral contact and cohesive forces via a supplementary var iable that enforces the jump displacement in socalled collocation points. It represents a suitable tool to study the debonding phenomena in composites with strongly different stiffness, avoid ing ill-conditioning problems associated with penalty methods. The model stability and an error e stimation following Brezzi theorem [4] and Babuska lemma [5] are discussed. Some numerical examples that show ability of this approach to capture inclusions debonding are included in the pa per.
In vitro/In vivo Study of a New Bombesin Derivative with Tripeptide (Gly-Gly-Gly) Spacer as Potential Targeted Tumor Imaging Agent

Background and purpose: Bombesin is a 14-amino acid peptide with high biological functions which has a high affinity to GRP )Gastrin releasing peptide( receptor. GRP receptors are overexpressed in many malignant tumors such as prostate and breast cancers. The purpose of this study was to prepare [HYNIC-(Gly)3-D-Phe]Bombesin(7-14) to label it easily by Tc and to evaluate it as a potential agent for imaging the tumors that have GRP receptors. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, the prepared derivative Bombesin was radiolabelled by Tc at 100°C in 10 minutes using the exchange method and radiolabelling analysis was applied by TLC and HPLC. Specific absorption test and specific internalization using prostate cancer cells PC-3 was done by blocking and unblocking the receptors. Biodistribution were determined in normal mice. Results: More than 95% radiolabelling was obtained. Specific absorption and internalization after 4 hours were 17.9% and 9.5%, respectively in PC-3 cancer cells. Biodistribution data showed rapid clearance from blood with major renal excretion and specific binding to tissues that have GRP receptors such as pancreas. Conclusion: Conjugated peptide radiolabelled with Tc has promising characteristics as potential agent for imaging the tumors that overexpress the GRP receptors.
Assessing Structural Controls on Geothermal Fluids from a Three-dimensional Geophysical Model of Warner Valley, Oregon USA

Warner Valley in southern Oregon (USA) is the site of a geothermal system that hosts several hotsprings in addition to Crump geyser – a geysering well that soon after being drilled in 1959 underwent frequent eruptions of boiling water. This, and thermochemical studies that estimate reservoir temperatures of 150°C, have prompted ongoing geological and geophysical investigations. Warner Valley is situated in a tectonically complex region in the northwest corner of the Great Basin - a basin and range province characterized by east-west extension. The regional geology consists predominantly of Neogene volcanics that have been faulted by a series of obliquely oriented NW and NNE-trending extensional faults. The valley forms an asymmetric graben, with the NNEtrending range front fault along the west Warner escarpement exposing over 600m of section. Warner Valley seems to be similar to other extensional geothermal systems in the Great Basin, which arise from deep circulation of meteoric water along major normal faults. This is evident in the proximity of Crump Geyser to the principal rangefront fault. Localization of surface hydrothermal features and patterns of borehole temperatures and flow suggest that secondary fault interactions may play a role in controlling geothermal fluids along the rangefront, but their presence within the basin is obscured by the basin fill. The large contrast in properties (density and magnetic susceptibility) between the basin sediments and volcanic rocks render potential field methods (gravity and magnetics) particularly well-suited to mapping and modeling subsurface geologic structures such as faults that juxtapose contrasting rock types and lead to distinct gravity and magnetic anomalies. We have performed geophysical studies in Warner Valley and surrounding regions, collecting high-resolution gravity and ground magnetic data along several detailed transects around Crump Geyser as well as regionally to characterize intra-basin and basinbounding faults, constrain basin geometry, study fault interactions, identify areas favorable to hydrothermal flow, and ultimately to guide exploration of the area’s geothermal system.