Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Road extraction method of vehicle trajectory data based on geo-referenced videos

With the increasing use of driving recorder equipment, people need new methods for the analysis of vehicle trajectories. The extraction of road information from vehicle trajectory data is one of the focuses in the field of geographic information. In this paper, we proposed two vehicle trajectory extraction methods, a fast vehicle trajectory extraction method based on GPS points and a vehicle trajectory extraction method based on the field of view. First, we gave a problem definition for the video trajectory display method. Then we expounded on the field of view of the Geo-referenced video [1] and its related information. The first method connects the location points, and each segment of the trajectory line indicates the current driving direction of the vehicle. The other method introduces the concept of perspective on this basis. It not only shows the direction of the trajectory line but also extracts the perspective of keyframes to accurately describe the trajectory of the vehicle. Next, we used a time and distance-based spatiotemporal clustering algorithm to extract points and demonstrate them through experimental results. We visualized the extracted vehicle trajectories and displayed them on a map. Finally, we compared the efficiency and accuracy of the traditional vehicle trajectory extraction method and the two methods proposed in this paper. The results showed that the vehicle trajectory extraction methods proposed in this paper are superior to the traditional vehicle trajectory display method in accuracy.
A Dialogical Artmaking Space: Cultivating a Pedagogy of Listening in Early Childhood Art Education

Early childhood educators have been encouraged to pedagogically engage with children, materials, and their given environments. However, neither dialogue nor the creation of a space for practicing the pedagogy of listening have received considerable attention. This article describes a phenomenological research study that aimed to examine the pedagogical engagement of early childhood educators in an artmaking space. I observed art/drawing events of young children and two early childhood educators in two different early childhood centers and interviewed the educators to gather and explore narratives that could become part of the phenomenological reflection and understanding of the phenomena under review. The study’s findings highlight the potential of drawing and artmaking as pedagogical tools in early education, and they also offer insights into how and why early childhood educators might practice radical dialogues with children within a pedagogy of listening.
A Possible Method for Studying Fermi Surfaces

~TH measurements of the conductivity of metal samples in a magnetic field it is possible to observe various size effects if the electron free path is sufficiently large in comparison to the dimensions of the sample. We describe here an idea for an experiment which allows us to produce inside a metal single crystal something like a beta spectrograph with focusing of the electrons in a longitudinal magnetic field. If there is an elliptic turning point on the Fermi surface for a given direction of the uniform magnetic field, then electrons located in the vicinity of this point of momentum space will be focused by the magnetic field, i.e., the electrons that have ever, we are still of the opinion that the logarithmic dependence is more likely both because it fits the most reliable points and because we can retain the concept of a discontinuity, which seems important to us. At present, we see no reason to review the propositions advanced in [4]. The authors are grateful to A. P. Golub', V. A. Popov, V. V. Shchekochikhin, and V. G. Gorbunov for their help in making the measurements.
Use of social media for assessing sustainable urban mobility indicators

Achieving sustainable urban mobility is a complex and multivariate issue that requires constant monitoring and evaluation of the existing situation and possible reconsideration and adjustment of objectives and strategy. The use of indicators is perhaps the most common methodological assessment tool for the sustainable urban mobility level achieved. Key performance indicators can provide in a simple way useful information for complex phenomena in an urban area (i.e. identification of the specific problems and their development over time). Thus, they contribute at a great degree to the decisions made concerning the prioritization of measures and policies toward achieving a goal. However, the use of indicators often constitutes a highly time consuming and costly process due to the large volumes of raw data required for their calculation. In recent years, a solution toward this problem is attempted to be given through the adoption of new technologies and approaches, such as the collection and export of ‘big data’ from social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, etc. Social networks provide to their users a continuous and enhanced ability for communication, interface and interaction. Such networks are therefore an important potential tool for the promotion of research in the transport sector, as the amount of data generated in their context gives the possibility to analyse and investigate with greater precision critical issues (e.g. trips characteristics) of urban mobility. The present study is an attempt to link the indicators related to sustainable mobility with social networks. The main advantage resulting from the above link, beyond the possibility of a more precise evaluation of the indicators, is to highlight the society’s position toward the prioritization of the various transport-related aspects and measures.
The interaction of ideology and institutions in treating violent men in Sweden

: Since Sweden has a reputation for having a pragmatic, technocratic approach to solving social problems, the question arises as to why the country uses different methods at the national and the local level for treating violent men. If studies show that one method is superior to others, we would expect both levels of government to use similar treatment methods. Despite the emphasis on pragmatic solutions, ideology plays an important role, as the Swedish government in recent decades has largely accepted the New Public Management approach to governance. However, because of differences in institutional arrangements, it becomes logically appropriate for the national level to utilize a different type of therapy (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) than the local level (Psycho Dynamic Therapy among others). Thus, a combination of an ideological shift to New Public Management and institutional differences can explain the differences in therapeutic approaches, rather than reliance on scientific studies.
SlowCoach: Mutating Code to Simulate Performance Bugs

Performance bugs are unnecessarily inefficient code chunks in software codebases that cause prolonged execution times and degraded computational resource utilization. For performance bug diagnostics, tools that aid in the identification of said bugs, such as benchmarks and profilers, are commonly employed. However, due to factors such as insufficient workloads or ineffective benchmarks, software defects related to code inefficiencies are inherently difficult to diagnose. Hence, the capabilities of performance bug diagnostic tools are limited and performance bug instances may be missed. Traditional mutation testing (MT) is a technique for quantifying a test suite's ability to find functional bugs by mutating the code of the test subject. Similarly, we adopt performance mutation testing (PMT) to evaluate performance bug diagnostic tools and identify where improvements need to be made to a performance testing methodology. We carefully investigate the different performance bug fault models and how synthesized performance bugs based on these models can evaluate benchmarks and workload selection to help improve performance diagnostics. In this paper, we present the design of our PMT framework, SLOWCOACH, and evaluate it with over 1600 mutants from 4 real-world software projects.
Rethinking Debugging and Debuggers

What is debugging? Despite dozens of studies of debugging, many important questions remain. Most existing studies are limited in focusing on studying debugging in the lab or through log data, leaving less known about how debugging occurs in everyday work. To fill this gap, we first identified a new source of data — live-streamed programming — with which to examine debugging in the field. Using this data, we then examined the activities developers do when debugging and the relationship between debugging and programming. This revealed many interesting findings. For example, navigation constitutes only 15% of debugging time, while editing and running code constitute a majority of time. These studies suggest that creating understanding of the issue and fix is central to the debugging process, a process shaped by how developers formulate and test hypotheses. We believe there is an important opportunity to create a new form of hypothesis-based debugger , which makes debugging hypotheses an explicit part of debugging tools which can be shared, queried against code, and drive views of code.
Generating and Adapting to Diverse Ad Hoc Partners in Hanabi

Hanabi is a cooperative game that brings the problem of modeling other players to the forefront. In this game, coordinated groups of players can leverage preestablished conventions to great effect. In this article, we focus on ad hoc settings with no previous coordination between partners. We introduce a “Bayesian Meta-Agent” that maintains a belief distribution over hypotheses of partner policies. The policies that serve as initial hypotheses are generated using MAP-Elites, to ensure behavioral diversity. We evaluate an “Adaptive” version of the agent, which selects a response policy based on the updated belief distribution and a “Generalist” version, which selects a response based on the uniform prior. In short episodes of ten games with a consistent partner, the “Adaptive” version outperforms the “Generalist” when the training and evaluation populations are the same. This presents a first step toward an agent that can model its partner and adapt within a time frame that is compatible with human interaction.
Strategies for the Security Assessment of IoT Devices by Certification Authorities

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a global infrastructure that interconnects physical and virtual things based on evolving information and communication technologies [1]. Along with the rise of the IoT, multiple unprecedented forms of security issues and attacks have emerged. While their limited resources disallow the utilization of computing-intensive security measures, the services of IoT devices represent an attractive target for vulnerability exploitation. Certification Authorities (CAs) have responded to the trend and offer security assessments and certification for IoT devices. To ensure qualitative and fair certification, security testing requires well-defined strategies. This bachelor thesis analyzes the existing IoT security assessment models and proposes a novel, CA oriented Testing Guide Model (TGM) for standardized and reproducible assessments. The TGM describes a complete security assessment approach for application in IoT device security certification procedures of CAs. As part of the bachelor thesis, the TGM is specified, implemented, and its applicability evaluated with the help of existing IoT devices. CAs account for the security of certified products. The certification of devices that (subsequently) prove to be insecure can lead to a consumer’s loss of trust in the CA. Therefore, the decision for issuing certificates must be comprehensible and made carefully. For the risk estimation of security issues and vulnerabilities, it is common to make use of numerical scoring systems. Well-defined scoring systems allow precise and reproducible estimations. In addition to the introduction of the TGM, this bachelor thesis analyzes the scoring systems established in the field of IT security in regard to their applicability for the scoring of IoT related vulnerabilities, complete IoT devices, and for the specific requirements of CAs. This thesis uncovers incompatibilities and insufficiencies in the existing systems that disallow application for the scoring of IoT devices and for application by CAs. To counter these issues, the thesis introduces a novel Security Scoring System (SSS) for rating IoT devices based on the risks of their vulnerabilities, services, and operational contexts. The SSS is integrated into the TGM, implemented in software, and evaluated with a comparison to the existing scoring systems. To summarize, the contributions of this bachelor thesis are two novel models for the security assessment of devices of the IoT: the TGM and the SSS. The models are intended to find application for CAs and both standardize and improve the security testing and assessment procedures.
Pinned Magnetic Impurity Levels in Doped Quantum Dots

Spectroscopic data demonstrate that impurity D/A levels in doped semiconductor nanostructures are energetically pinned, resulting in variations in D/A binding energies with increasing quantum confinement. Using magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy, the donor binding energies of Co2+ ions in colloidal ZnSe quantum dots have been measured as a function of quantum confinement and analyzed in conjunction with ab initio density functional theory calculations. The resulting experimental demonstration of pinned impurity levels in quantum dots has far-reaching implications for physical phenomena involving impurity-carrier interactions in doped semiconductor nanostructures, including in the emerging field of semiconductor spintronics where magnetic-dopant-carrier exchange interactions define the functionally relevant properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors.
Melody valve-in-valve implantation in the tricuspid position through a Fontan conduit fenestration

Patients with single right ventricle and tricuspid regurgitation have increased morbidity and mortality rates. The outcomes of surgical tricuspid valve repair and replacement are dismal. Although some centers prefer valve replacement with a bioprosthetic valve in the tricuspid position for the pediatric population, these valves have limited longevity and will eventually need to be replaced. Unfortunately, single ventricle patients are fragile and unlikely to tolerate a second replacement. Percutaneous valve-in-valve (ViV) implantation is an acceptable alternative with low morbidity and mortality. Studies have also shown acceptable short- and mid-term outcomes. We report a case of Melody ViV placement in the tricuspid position in a patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome through the fenestration of a Fontan conduit.
Risk Factors for Wound Infection after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Single Centre Experience

Introduction: Elective Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the operation of choice in treating symptomatic gallstone disease. The impact of patient-related risk factors on the incidence of postoperative infection after cholecystectomy is relatively unknown. Cholecystectomy is one of the world's most common abdominal surgical procedures. In most cases, it is performed without significant risk of severe complications, although bile leakage and intraoperative contamination may lead to surgical wound infection. The study aimed to find out the influence of different risk factors on the occurrence of WI after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out with patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis in regular follow-up at the department of surgery in Khulna Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh, from January 2020 to December 2021. Result: The risk factors; 34(80.95%) patients were females, and only 8(19.05%) were male. It shows that smoking and diabetes are the most common risk factors. The prophylactic antibiotic therapy used in the treatment was 95% of patients were given Cefazolin, only one patient was given Ceftriaxone + Metronidazole, 10(23.81%) patients were given ABP with no indication, and only one patient was not given any ABP. According to the statistical analysis of risk factors for the wound in faction, males are more likely to be infected than females. Conclusion: Patients who undergo e LC with certain risk factors do not benefit from using ABP. Antibiotics should be reserved for complex and urgent cases with a high risk of infection. More extensive studies with a control group to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis are needed to further support these recommendations.
Automatic Management of Voltage Sags Recorded in a 25 kV Substation

This paper describes an application specially designed to manage and analyse information related to voltage sags registered in a 25kV substation. The purpose of the application is to assist substation managers in the identification and location of faults in the network. The application is conceived to integrate and to exploit complementary information registered during faulty operation.
A Novel Partial Discharge Ultra-High Frequency Signal De-Noising Method Based on a Single-Channel Blind Source Separation Algorithm

To effectively de-noise the Gaussian white noise and periodic narrow-band interference in the background noise of partial discharge ultra-high frequency (PD UHF) signals in field tests, a novel de-noising method, based on a single-channel blind source separation algorithm, is proposed. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method can effectively de-noise the noise interference, and the distortion of the de-noising PD signal is smaller. Firstly, the PD UHF signal is time-frequency analyzed by S-transform to obtain the number of source signals. Then, the single-channel detected PD signal is converted into multi-channel signals by singular value decomposition (SVD), and background noise is separated from multi-channel PD UHF signals by the joint approximate diagonalization of eigen-matrix method. At last, the source PD signal is estimated and recovered by the l1-norm minimization method. The proposed de-noising method was applied on the simulation test and field test detected signals, and the de-noising performance of the different methods was compared. The simulation and field test results demonstrate the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method.
EFFECT OF MARJORAM (MAJORANA HORTENSIS) LEAVES SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF COMMON CARP, CYPRINUS CARPIO FRIES

: An investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary different levels of (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg) marjoram leaves supplementation for common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) fries. 420 fries (averaged 0.34±0.1 g) were randomly distributed into four treatments, three replicates in 12 aquaria and fed experimental diets four times per day. Results revealed that marjoram leaves as feed additives in the diets for common carp fries did affect the growth performance parameters with significant differences ( P<0.05 ) among all dietary treatments. A decreasing trend was observed when the inclusion of marjoram leaves in the diets increased. Fish fed M 1 (2.5 g/kg) diet showed the best FCR and significantly differed ( P<0.05 ) among all dietary treatments. No significant differences were observed in the survival of fish fed the examined diets and fish fed M 3 diet gained the highest value (96.2%). Also, significant differences ( P<0.05 ) were observed in the protein content of fish body and fish fed M 3 diet gained the highest value. Also, the lipid content was similar among all treatments. However, the inclusion of marjoram leaves in the experimental diets did not significantly ( P>0.05 ) affect the condition factor (K), gonadosomatic (GSI), and hepatosomatic (HSI). Moreover, significant differences ( P<0.05 ) were observed in viscerasomatic (VSI) indices values among all treatments. No diet-related histopathological changes were noted in all examined tissues such as liver, intestine and gonads of common carp fries. The normality of all examined fish tissues indicated that marjoram leaves are safe to use in fish diets and can be added at 2.5 g/kg diet to improve the performance and feed utilization in the diets for common carp fries without any adverse effects.
Irregular Wave Validation of a Coupling Methodology for Numerical Modelling of Near and Far Field Effects of Wave Energy Converter Arrays

Between the Wave Energy Converters (WECs) of a farm, hydrodynamic interactions occur and have an impact on the surrounding wave field, both close to the WECs (“near field” effects) and at large distances from their location (“far field” effects). To simulate this “far field” impact in a fast and accurate way, a generic coupling methodology between hydrodynamic models has been developed by the Coastal Engineering Research Group of Ghent University in Belgium. This coupling methodology has been widely used for regular waves. However, it has not been developed yet for realistic irregular sea states. The objective of this paper is to present a validation of the novel coupling methodology for the test case of irregular waves, which is demonstrated here for coupling between the mild slope wave propagation model, MILDwave, and the ‘Boundary Element Method’-based wave–structure interaction solver, NEMOH. MILDwave is used to model WEC farm “far field” effects, while NEMOH is used to model “near field” effects. The results of the MILDwave-NEMOH coupled model are validated against numerical results from NEMOH, and against the WECwakes experimental data for a single WEC, and for WEC arrays of five and nine WECs. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between disturbance coefficient (Kd) values in the entire numerical domain ( R M S E K d , D ) are used for evaluating the performed validation. The R M S E K d , D between results from the MILDwave-NEMOH coupled model and NEMOH is lower than 2.0% for the performed test cases, and between the MILDwave-NEMOH coupled model and the WECwakes experimental data R M S E K d , D remains below 10%. Consequently, the efficiency is demonstrated of the coupling methodology validated here which is used to simulate WEC farm impact on the wave field under the action of irregular waves.