Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of cutaneous bacterial communities of farmed Rana dybowskii after gentamycin bath

Introduction Pathogenic bacteria limit the success of Rana dybowskii breeding. Gentamicin is used to treat R. dybowskii disease. To understand the effects of gentamicin on the composition and structure of the cutaneous bacterial community of R. dybowskii, three groups (control, gentamicin and recovery) were established in this study. Materials & Methods The V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was analyzed in samples by high-throughput sequencing. Alpha diversity and beta diversity were evaluated to compare the cutaneous bacterial community diversity. Results A total of 1,159,668 valid sequences and 3,132 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from these three experimental groups. The number of OTUs obtained in the control group, gentamicin group and recovery group were 2,194, 2,288, and 2,047, respectively, and the number of shared OTUs was 1,313. The alpha diversity of the cutaneous bacterial community was not significantly affected by gentamicin, while beta diversity was significantly affected. Discussion & Conclusions The effect of a gentamicin bath on relative species abundance was greater than the effect on the species composition. The changes in Proteobacteria, Acinetobacter, and Chryseobacterium were significant, and reductions were observed after the recovery period. Six potentially pathogenic genera were detected, including Aeromonas, Citrobacter, Chryseobacterium, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. Among them, Aeromonas and Chryseobacterium were significantly inhibited by the gentamicin bath. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the application of gentamicin in R. dybowskii breeding.
The Effect of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets on Pain in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis is the most prominent form of arthritis, affecting approximately 15% of the population in the United States. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has become one of the leading causes of disability in older adults. Besides knee replacement, there are no curative treatments for KOA, so persistent pain is commonly treated with opioids, acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, these drugs have many unpleasant side effects, so there is a need for alternative forms of pain management. We sought to test the efficacy of a dietary intervention to reduce KOA. DESIGN A randomized controlled pilot study to test the efficacy of two dietary interventions. SUBJECTS Adults 65-75 years of age with KOA. METHODS Participants were asked to follow one of two dietary interventions (low-carbohydrate [LCD], low-fat [LFD]) or continue to eat as usual (control [CTRL]) over 12 weeks. Functional pain, self-reported pain, quality of life, and depression were assessed every three weeks. Serum from before and after the diet intervention was analyzed for oxidative stress. RESULTS Over a period of 12 weeks, the LCD reduced pain intensity and unpleasantness in some functional pain tasks, as well as self-reported pain, compared with the LFD and CTRL. The LCD also significantly reduced oxidative stress and the adipokine leptin compared with the LFD and CTRL. Reduction in oxidative stress was related to reduced functional pain. CONCLUSIONS We present evidence suggesting that oxidative stress may be related to functional pain, and lowering it through our LCD intervention could provide relief from pain and be an opioid alternative.
Military Veteran Status and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology Among Urban Firefighters: The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties

Abstract A significant portion of firefighters are military veterans, and both populations experience high rates of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology. We investigated main and interactive effects of military veteran status (MVS) and emotion regulation difficulties (ERD) with regard to PTSD symptom severity in firefighters. Covariates included trauma load, number of years in the fire department, and depressive symptom severity. The sample was composed of 839 (93.9% men; mean age = 38.4, SD = 8.5) trauma-exposed firefighters who completed a web-based questionnaire battery. Structural equation modeling was used. ERD were significantly, positively associated with PTSD symptom severity (&bgr; = 0.30, confidence interval [CI] = 0.20–0.41, p < 0.001). A significant interactive effect was noted (&bgr; = 0.07, CI = 0.01–0.14, p = 0.020); firefighters who endorsed MVS and greater ERD had the highest levels of PTSD symptom severity. It is vital that future work examine associations between MVS and relevant cognitive mechanisms for the purposes of informing effective screening, intervention, and prevention programs.
Recent Developments in Printing Flexible and Wearable Sensing Electronics for Healthcare Applications

Wearable biosensors attract significant interest for their capabilities in real-time monitoring of wearers’ health status, as well as the surrounding environment. Sensor patches are embedded onto the human epidermis accompanied by data readout and signal conditioning circuits with wireless communication modules for transmitting data to the computing devices. Wearable sensors designed for recognition of various biomarkers in human epidermis fluids, such as glucose, lactate, pH, cholesterol, etc., as well as physiological indicators, i.e., pulse rate, temperature, breath rate, respiration, alcohol, activity monitoring, etc., have potential applications both in medical diagnostics and fitness monitoring. The rapid developments in solution-based nanomaterials offered a promising perspective to the field of wearable sensors by enabling their cost-efficient manufacturing through printing on a wide range of flexible polymeric substrates. This review highlights the latest key developments made in the field of wearable sensors involving advanced nanomaterials, manufacturing processes, substrates, sensor type, sensing mechanism, and readout circuits, and ends with challenges in the future scope of the field. Sensors are categorized as biological and fluidic, mounted directly on the human body, or physiological, integrated onto wearable substrates/gadgets separately for monitoring of human-body-related analytes, as well as external stimuli. Special focus is given to printable materials and sensors, which are key enablers for wearable electronics.
Searching for the Role of the IFNγ rs2430561 Polymorphism in Inducible Inflammation: Contribution to Metabolic Syndrome in 45 to 60-Year-Old Women

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions, increasing the risk of developing diseases that can lead to premature death. Interferon γ-inducible (the production of which is dependent on the IFNγ rs2430561 polymorphism) tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade helps to understand the increased association between inflammatory process and MetS, which is why we seek the relationship between the IFNγ gene polymorphisms and serum levels of markers of interferon-gamma (IFNγ)-inducible inflammatory cascade. The study sample consisted of 416 women, including 118 (28.4%) with MetS. The research procedure involved interview, anthropometric measurements, and blood collection. Kynurenine levels were significantly higher in the group of women with MetS. In the group with MetS, the A/T genotype of the IFNγ gene was accompanied by higher kynurenine levels. A direct relationship between the IFNγ gene polymorphisms and the rest of the markers of IFNγ-inducible inflammatory cascade was not confirmed with regard to MetS in 45 to 60-year-old women. A disparity in the kynurenine level, as well as the relationship between the presence of the A/T genotype of the IFNγ gene and a higher level of kynurenine in the group of women with MetS, may indicate an association between inflammation, metabolic disorders and tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade.
Chattering-Free Single-Phase Robustness Sliding Mode Controller for Mismatched Uncertain Interconnected Systems with Unknown Time-Varying Delays

Variable structure control with sliding mode can provide good control performance and excellent robustness. Unfortunately, the chattering phenomenon investigated due to discontinuous switching gain restricting their applications. In this paper, a chattering free improved variable structure control (IVSC) for a class of mismatched uncertain interconnected systems with an unknown time-varying delay is proposed. A sliding function is first established to eliminate the reaching phase in traditional variable structure control (TVSC). Next, a new reduced-order sliding mode estimator (ROSME) without time-varying delay is constructed to estimate all unmeasurable state variables of plants. Then, based on the Moore-Penrose inverse approach, a decentralized single-phase robustness sliding mode controller (DSPRSMC) is synthesized, which is independent of time delays. A DSPRSMC solves a complex interconnection problem with an unknown time-varying delay term and drives the system’s trajectories onto a switching surface from the initial time instance. Particularly, by applying the well-known Barbalat’s lemma, the chattering phenomenon in control input is alleviated. Moreover, a sufficient condition is established by using an appropriate Lyapunov theory and linear matrix inequality (LMI) method such that a sliding mode dynamics is asymptotically stable from the beginning time. Finally, a developed method is validated by numerical example with computer simulations.
Vertical Variation of Carbonaceous Aerosols with in the PM2.5 Fraction in Bangkok, Thailand

ABSTRACT Asian megacities are undergoing rapid population and infrastructure growth, which is resulting in significant air quality problems linked to atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5). This study focuses on characterizing carbonaceous aerosols in an urban area of Bangkok, Thailand. The Microclimate and Air Pollutants Monitoring tower is located on the edge of Kasetsart University campus and was used to perform vertical measurements. Mass concentration data were collected using area dust monitors (ADR1500) at different levels above the ground (30 m, 75 m, and 110 m) during two time periods, daytime (08:00–19:00) and nighttime (20:00–07:00), throughout the monsoon season in 2015. All relevant micrometeorological parameters were simultaneously monitored. Backward air mass trajectories were calculated using HYSPLIT to assess the possible external pollution contributions. The thermal optical transmittance (TOT) method following the NIOSH 870 protocol was used to determine amounts of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) in samples. A data analysis showed average PM2.5 values at observation heights of 30 m, 75 m, and 110 m of 6.21 ± 2.45, 8.12 ± 3.65, and 9.03 ± 3.93 µg m–3, respectively; corresponding OC concentrations of 4.13 ± 2.65, 4.01 ± 4.07, and 4.11 ± 3.58 µg m–3, respectively, and EC concentrations of 1.02 ± 0.84, 1.07 ± 0.95, and 0.50 ± 0.70 µg m–3, respectively. The results show distinct gradients of increasing concentrations of PM2.5 with increasing elevation in contract with the OC and EC concentrations which decrease with height.
Impact of Laser Attacks on the Switching Behavior of RRAM Devices

The ubiquitous use of critical and private data in electronic format requires reliable and secure embedded systems for IoT devices. In this context, RRAMs (Resistive Random Access Memories) arises as a promising alternative to replace current memory technologies. However, their suitability for this kind of application, where the integrity of the data is crucial, is still under study. Among the different typology of attacks to recover information of secret data, laser attack is one of the most common due to its simplicity. Some preliminary works have already addressed the influence of laser tests on RRAM devices. Nevertheless, the results are not conclusive since different responses have been reported depending on the circuit under testing and the features of the test. In this paper, we have conducted laser tests on individual RRAM devices. For the set of experiments conducted, the devices did not show faulty behaviors. These results contribute to the characterization of RRAMs and, together with the rest of related works, are expected to pave the way for the development of suitable countermeasures against external attacks.
Interventions Using Individual and Social Approaches (Non-Medication) in Improving the Self-Regulation of Children with Special Needs and Self-Regulatory Problems

The number of children with developmental disorders experiences an increase. This indicates that more children need special attention, so the role of the community, especially professionals in handling this issue, is becoming more critical. This study uses a literature review to identify the positive impact of treatments using individual and social approaches (non-medication) by examining 16 international journals related to therapy for children with self-regulation issues. The results of the literature review showed that therapies focusing on increasing awareness decreased disruptive and hyperactive behavior, and those focusing on increasing the function of working memory influenced self-regulation in children. In general, each therapy described below has its own effectiveness and can be combined according to the subject's condition and the purpose of the therapy.
Dengue, chikungunya and zika virus coinfection: results of the national surveillance during the zika epidemic in Colombia

Abstract Our objective was to determine the frequency of zika (ZIKV), chikungunya (CHIKV) and dengue (DENV) virus coinfection and describe the mortality cases that occurred during the epidemiologic surveillance of the ZIKV epidemic in Colombia. We analysed all cases of suspected ZIKV infection that were reported to the National Institute of Health (October 2015–December 2016). DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV RNA were detected in serum or tissue samples using polymerase chain reaction assay. Medical records of the fatal cases were reviewed. We identified that 23 871 samples were processed. The frequency of viral agents was 439 (1.84%) for DENV, 257 (1.07%) for CHIKV and 10118 (42.38%) for ZIKV. Thirty-four (0.14%) cases of coinfection were identified. The CHIKV–ZIKV coinfection was present in 28 cases (82.3%), DENV–CHIKV in three (8.8%) and DENV–ZIKV in three (8.8%). Seven (20.6%) coinfection cases were fatal (two DENV–CHIKV cases and five CHIKV–ZIKV cases). Two cases were foetal deaths and the others were related to neurological syndrome and sepsis. In conclusion, the frequency of arbovirus coinfection during epidemic of ZIKV was low, and CHIKV–ZIKV coinfection was the most common. Mortality was high among coinfection patients. The role of each virus in the mortality cases of coinfection warrants further studies.
Recent advances in three‐dimensional bioprinting of stem cells

In spite of being a new field, three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting has undergone rapid growth in the recent years. Bioprinting methods offer a unique opportunity for stem cell distribution, positioning, and differentiation at the microscale to make the differentiated architecture of any tissue while maintaining precision and control over the cellular microenvironment. Bioprinting introduces a wide array of approaches to modify stem cell fate. This review discusses these methodologies of 3D bioprinting stem cells. Fabricating a fully operational tissue or organ construct with a long life will be the most significant challenge of 3D bioprinting. Once this is achieved, a whole human organ can be fabricated for the defect place at the site of surgery.
Magnesium enhances dehydration tolerance in Schizosaccharomyces pombe by promoting intracellular 5′‐methylthioadenosine accumulation

In the present study, we analysed metabolite features during the dehydration–rehydration process for two Schizosaccharomyces pombe strains with different viability rate, in order to determine whether metabolite contents were affected by the presence of magnesium during cell rehydration. The qualitative changes of the intracellular metabolites of both strains were determined by comparing the metabolic profiles of cells before dehydration, after rehydration in water or magnesium solution, and after 2‐hr inoculation of cells in complete medium. Our results suggest that changes of metabolites from the methionine salvage pathway, in particular 5′‐methylthioadenosine, triggered by the increasing intracellular magnesium content may participate in the dehydration tolerance of Sp97 cells.
A Context Aware and Self Adaptation Strategy for Cloud Service Selection and Configuration in Run Time

Day after day, the number of mobile applications deployed on cloud computing continues in increasing because of smartphone capabilities improvement. Cloud computing has already succeeded in the web-based application, for that reason, the demand for context-aware services provided by cloud computing increases. To customize a cloud service that takes into account the consumer requirements, which depend on information change, it brings to light many recent challenges to cloud computing about environment-aware, location-aware, time-aware. The cloud provider, moreover, has to manage personalized applications and the constraints of mobile devices in matters of interaction abilities and communication restrictions. This paper proposes a strategy for selecting automatically an appropriate cloud environment that runs out whole requirements, defines a configuration for the associated cloud environment and able to easily adapt to the change of the environment on either the user or the cloud side or both. This process builds on the principles of dynamic software product lines, Agent-oriented software engineering, and the MAPE-k model to select and configure cloud environments according to the consumer needs and the context change.
Novel Approaches to Air Pollution Exposure and Clinical Outcomes Assessment in Environmental Health Studies

An accurate assessment of pollutants’ exposure and precise evaluation of the clinical outcomes pose two major challenges to the contemporary environmental health research. The common methods for exposure assessment are based on residential addresses and are prone to many biases. Pollution levels are defined based on monitoring stations that are sparsely distributed and frequently distanced far from residential addresses. In addition, the degree of an association between outdoor and indoor air pollution levels is not fully elucidated, making the exposure assessment all the more inaccurate. Clinical outcomes’ assessment, on the other hand, mostly relies on the access to medical records from hospital admissions and outpatients’ visits in clinics. This method differentiates by health care seeking behavior and is therefore, problematic in evaluation of an onset, duration, and severity of an outcome. In the current paper, we review a number of novel solutions aimed to mitigate the aforementioned biases. First, a hybrid satellite-based modeling approach provides daily continuous spatiotemporal estimations with improved spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km2 and 200 × 200 m2 grid, and thus allows a more accurate exposure assessment. Utilizing low-cost air pollution sensors allowing a direct measurement of indoor air pollution levels can further validate these models. Furthermore, the real temporal-spatial activity can be assessed by GPS tracking devices within the individuals’ smartphones. A widespread use of smart devices can help with obtaining objective measurements of some of the clinical outcomes such as vital signs and glucose levels. Finally, human biomonitoring can be efficiently done at a population level, providing accurate estimates of in-vivo absorbed pollutants and allowing for the evaluation of body responses, by biomarkers examination. We suggest that the adoption of these novel methods will change the research paradigm heavily relying on ecological methodology and support development of the new clinical practices preventing adverse environmental effects on human health.
Efficient Nonlinear Hydrodynamic Models for Wave Energy Converter Design—A Scoping Study

This review focuses on the most suitable form of hydrodynamic modeling for the next generation wave energy converter (WEC) design tools. To design and optimize a WEC, it is estimated that several million hours of operation must be simulated, perhaps one million hours of WEC simulation per year of the R&D program. This level of coverage is possible with linear potential flow (LPF) models, but the fidelity of the physics included is not adequate. Conversely, while Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) type computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solvers provide a high fidelity representation of the physics, the increased computational burden of these models renders the required amount of simulations infeasible. To scope the fast, high fidelity options, the present literature review aims to focus on what CFD theories exist intermediate to LPF and RANS as well as other modeling options that are computationally fast while retaining higher fidelity than LPF.
Managing Shame: A Grounded Theory of How Stigma Manifests in Families Living With Dementia

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias are irreversible, progressive brain disorders that slowly destroy memory, language, problem solving, and cognition. In the United States, dementia is the fifth leading cause of death for people age 65 years and older. Early diagnosis could have important benefits stigma related to dementia remains a significant impediment to diagnosis, treatment, and accessing services. While a growing body of research documents the existence and negative outcomes of stigma, less is known about how dementia-related stigma produces ill effects. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to use qualitative methods to explore how stigma manifests within families from the perspective of family caregivers of people with dementia. METHOD: Using a grounded theory approach, we interviewed 13 family caregivers of people with dementia. RESULTS: Shame emerged as the central theme experienced by family caregivers of people with dementia. Attempting to manage shame, produced three categories of responses: (1) silencing and not calling attention to the symptoms, (2) concealing the diagnosis, and (3) shunning and avoiding contact. CONCLUSIONS: Shame may be an underlying mechanism by which stigma is enacted and perpetuated, resulting in caregivers’ isolation and delay in access to diagnostic and supportive services. Efforts to dispel the misconception that dementia is a shameful disease may be one way to diminish stigma.
Cadexomer iodine effectively reduces bacterial biofilm in porcine wounds ex vivo and in vivo

Biofilms are prevalent in non‐healing chronic wounds and implicated in delayed healing. Tolerance to antimicrobial treatments and the host's immune system leave clinicians with limited interventions against biofilm populations. It is therefore essential that effective treatments be rigorously tested and demonstrate an impact on biofilm across multiple experimental models to guide clinical investigations and protocols. Cadexomer iodine has previously been shown to be effective against biofilm in various in vitro models, against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in mouse wounds, and clinically in diabetic foot ulcers complicated by biofilm. Similarities between porcine and human skin make the pig a favoured model for cutaneous wound studies. Two antiseptic dressings and a gauze control were assessed against mature biofilm grown on ex vivo pig skin and in a pig wound model. Significant reductions in biofilm were observed following treatment with cadexomer iodine across both biofilm models. In contrast, silver carboxymethylcellulose dressings had minimal impact on biofilm in the models, with similar results to the control in the ex vivo model. Microscopy and histopathology indicate that the depth of organisms in wound tissue may impact treatment effectiveness. Further work on the promising biofilm efficacy of cadexomer iodine is needed to determine optimal treatment durations against biofilm.