Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive temperature measurement method for hyperthermia treatment using ferromagnetic implant with low Curie temperature

Induction heating using ‘ferromagnetic implant with low Curie temperature (FILCT)’ is one of the heating methods for hyperthermia. However, a lot of energy is needed to heat malignant tumors; the heating efficiency has to be improved. In order to address this problem, we propose using FILCT as a probe for temperature. A non-invasive temperature measurement system was developed based on this approach. A key advantage of this system is that it can noninvasively distinguish whether the temperature of FILCT has reached the Curie temperature or not. As a result, materials with high heating efficiency may be used.
Development of advanced Lithium-ion battery for underwater vehicle

Electric power storage is an important technology for all equipments of underwater vehicles however environmental pressure is high, the temperature is 5 degrees Celsius or less, and conditions are unsuitable for many chemical reactions in the deep sea. Battery capacity is mainly dependent on its mass; this means that the cruising range of underwater vehicles is proportional to the mass of the battery. To solve this problem, a high energy density battery and its enclosures are being developed. Concretely, batteries are enclosed with oil, to equate environmental pressure and to be insulated in seawater. This is called the oil compensated method, and is applied to various batteries. The oil-filled 29Ah Lithium-Ion battery for the vehicle was developed in 2010. And sea trial was carried out equipped autonomous underwater vehicle “MR-X1”. The paper introduces Lithium-Ion secondary battery and result of sea trail.
Routable technology mapping for LUT FPGAs

A routing-driven technology mapper for lookup-table, (LUT)-based field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) is presented. The approach is based on performing mapping aimed at routing feasibility. For an FPGA of given size (number of LUTs), the logic being implemented is distributed in such a manner that the total wire length is minimized and the routing resources are not overutilized. Simulated annealing is used to perform mapping, placement, and global routing in tandem. The algorithm can handle both combinational and sequential logic circuits, and has been implemented for combinational circuits. Experiments on MCNC benchmark circuits show encouraging results. <<ETX>>
Protection of mice and swine from pseudorabies virus conferred by vaccinia virus-based recombinants

Glycoproteins gp50, gII, and gIII of pseudorabies virus (PRV) were expressed either individually or in combination by vaccinia virus recombinants. In vitro analysis by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence demonstrated the expression of a gII protein of approximately 120 kDa that was proteolytically processed to the gIIb (67- to 74-kDa) and gIIc (58-kDa) mature protein species similar to those observed in PRV-infected cells. Additionally, the proper expression of the 90-kDa gIII and 50-kDa gp50 was observed. All three of these PRV-derived glycoproteins were detectable on the surface of vaccinia virus-PRV recombinant-infected cells. In vivo, mice were protected against a virulent PRV challenge after immunization with the PRV glycoprotein-expressing vaccinia virus recombinants. The coexpression of gII and gIII by a single vaccinia virus recombinant resulted in a significantly reduced vaccination dose required to protect mice against PRV challenge. Inoculation of piglets with the various vaccinia virus-PRV glycoprotein recombinants also resulted in protection against virulent PRV challenge as measured by weight gain. The simultaneous expression of gII and gp50 in swine resulted in a significantly enhanced level of protection as evaluated by weight evolution following challenge with live PRV.
Construction of Panoramic Image with Distance Information

In this research, the panoramic image with distance information is introduced in order to realize the distance from the image used for the robot monitoring system. The most important thing to acquire depth information from the camera is how certainly the distance data were detected from the image that has only 2D information, and the zoom-lens camera is applied in which the depth information is obtained from zoom and focus position. The new idea of gained-focus detecting method using color image and the characteristic of color histogram is proposed and verified by the experimental result
Comparing Language Related Issues for NMT and PBMT between German and English

Abstract This work presents an extensive comparison of language related problems for neural machine translation and phrase-based machine translation between German and English. The explored issues are related both to the language characteristics as well as to the machine translation process and, although related, are going beyond typical translation error classes. It is shown that the main advantage of the NMT system consists of better handling of verbs, English noun collocations, German compound words, phrase structure as well as articles. In addition, it is shown that the main obstacles for the NMT system are prepositions, translation of English (source) ambiguous words and generating English (target) continuous tenses. Although in total there are less issues for the NMT system than for the PBMT system, many of them are complementary – only about one third of the sentences deals with the same issues, and for about 40% of the sentences the issues are completely different. This means that combination/hybridisation of the NMT and PBMT approaches is a promising direction for improving both types of systems.
Compact Sparse Coding for Ground-Based Cloud Classification

SUMMARY Although sparse coding has emerged as an extremely powerful tool for texture and image classiﬁcation, it neglects the relationship of coding coe ﬃ cients from the same class in the training stage, which may cause a decline in the classiﬁcation performance. In this paper, we propose a novel coding strategy named compact sparse coding for ground-based cloud classiﬁcation. We add a constraint on coding coe ﬃ cients into the objective function of traditional sparse coding. In this way, coding co-e ﬃ cients from the same class can be forced to their mean vector, making them more compact and discriminative. Experiments demonstrate that our method achieves better performance than the state-of-the-art methods.
Infectious Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Relation to Time of Birth Modifies the Risk of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Infancy: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort

Objective: The risk of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection according to calendar month of birth has previously been demonstrated. We hypothesize that the real-time infectious burden (IB) of RSV, in relation to time and county of birth, modifies the risk of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants, an association that has not been investigated previously, and may be used as an alternative measure of RSV risk when drafting RSV immunoprophylaxis guidelines. Methods: Thirty thousand eighty-seven pregnancies were included from July 1, 2003, to July 31, 2006. IB was defined by month and county as the number of RSV detections per inhabitant. IB for 5 periods ante- and postnatally was calculated for each child. Outcome variables were maternally reported hospitalization for LRTI before age 6 months and LRTI before age 12 months. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between IB and LRTI. Results: The odds of hospitalization for LRTI rise with increased IB the first 3 months after birth. Low IB: odds ratio (OR) 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.39); medium IB: OR 1.42 (95% CI: 1.21–1.68); high IB: OR 2.51 (95% CI: 2.15–2.94). High IB 3–0 months before birth confers a lower odds of hospitalization for LRTI the first 6 months of life, OR 0.51 (95% CI: 0.43–0.61). Similar results were seen for maternally reported LRTI the first 12 months of life. Conclusions: We find an association between real-time RSV infectious burden and LRTI in infancy: high burden before birth is protective and high burden after birth increases the risk.
Modelling supply and demand influences on the use of health care: implications for deriving a needs-based capitation formula.

Many health-care systems allocate funding according to measures of need. The utilisation approach for measuring need rests on the assumptions that use of health care is determined by demand and supply and that need is an important element of demand. By estimating utilisation models which allow for supply it is possible to isolate the socio-economic and health characteristics which affect demand. A subset of these variables can then be identified by a combination of judgement and further analysis as needs variables to inform funding allocations. We estimate utilisation models using newly assembled data on admissions to acute hospitals, measures of supply, morbidity and socio-economic characteristics for 8414 small geographical areas in England. We make a number of methodological innovations including deriving additional measures of specific morbidities at small area level from individual level survey data. We compare models with different specifications for the effect of waiting times and provider characteristics, with total, planned and unplanned hospital admissions, and estimated at small area (ward) and primary care organisation (general practice) level. After allowing for waiting times, distance, capacity and the availability of private health care, measures of mortality, self-reported morbidity, low education and low income increase the use of health care. We find evidence of horizontal inequity with respect to ethnicity and employment and suggest a method for reducing its effects when deriving a needs-based allocation formula.
WeChat traffic profile and impact on mobile networks

WeChat is a social networking application developed by Tencent and has attracted more than 600 million users in China and other countries. To better understand the traffic characteristics of WeChat and potential impact on mobile networks, we proposed an analysis methodology and set up an experiment network. Extensive experiments on typical WeChat services with different smartphone terminals are conducted in an experimental 3G mobile network system. The traffic profile of typical WeChat service in mobile network environment is analyzed. It is observed that the traffic pattern of WeChat is related with the type of smartphone operating system, application running status and the specific service type. Some special characteristics of WeChat traffic pattern do have negative impact on mobile networks. Potential issues introduced by WeChat traffic to mobile networks are identified and possible optimization measures are discussed.
A new tool to quantify the geometrical characteristics of facial skin pores. Changes with age and a making‐up procedure in Caucasian women

Facial skin pores (FSP) are common and benign signs that generate frequent esthetic concerns or complaints. Despite their worldwide prevalence, related literature remains scarce. Hence, a new device has been developed and applied to validating studies, aiming at best describing FSP as they are self‐perceived, i.e. their anatomic features, their possible alterations with age and their appearance after application of a make‐up product.
Noise power spectrum of the fixed pattern noise in digital radiography detectors.

PURPOSE The fixed pattern noise in radiography image detectors is caused by various sources. Multiple readout circuits with gate drivers and charge amplifiers are used to efficiently acquire the pixel voltage signals. However, the multiple circuits are not identical and thus yield nonuniform system gains. Nonuniform sensitivities are also produced from local variations in the charge collection elements. Furthermore, in phosphor-based detectors, the optical scattering at the top surface of the columnar CsI growth, the grain boundaries, and the disorder structure causes spatial sensitivity variations. These nonuniform gains or sensitivities cause fixed pattern noise and degrade the detector performance, even though the noise problem can be partially alleviated by using gain correction techniques. Hence, in order to develop good detectors, comparative analysis of the energy spectrum of the fixed pattern noise is important. METHODS In order to observe the energy spectrum of the fixed pattern noise, a normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) of the fixed pattern noise is considered in this paper. Since the fixed pattern noise is mainly caused by the nonuniform gains, we call the spectrum the gain NNPS. We first asymptotically observe the gain NNPS and then formulate two relationships to calculate the gain NNPS based on a nonuniform-gain model. Since the gain NNPS values are quite low compared to the usual NNPS, measuring such a low NNPS value is difficult. By using the average of the uniform exposure images, a robust measuring method for the gain NNPS is proposed in this paper. RESULTS By using the proposed measuring method, the gain NNPS curves of several prototypes of general radiography and mammography detectors were measured to analyze their fixed pattern noise properties. We notice that a direct detector, which is based on the a-Se photoconductor, showed lower gain NNPS than the indirect-detector case, which is based on the CsI scintillator. By comparing the gain NNPS curves of the indirect detectors, we could analyze the scintillator properties depending on the techniques for the scintillator surface processing. CONCLUSIONS A robust measuring method for the NNPS of the fixed pattern noise of a radiography detector is proposed in this paper. The method can measure a stable gain NNPS curve, even though the fixed pattern noise level is quite low. From the measured gain NNPS curves, we can compare and analyze the detector properties in terms of producing the fixed pattern noise.
User Acceptance of Internet Banking in an Uncertain and Risky Environment

Internet is expected to be especially beneficial to the banking industry. As more and more financial institutions are finding ways to utilize Internet technologies to launch online banking services, an important issue is to understand what factors will impact the decisions of customers in adopting such services. Based on the UTAUT model, the D&M IS success model, and the concept of trust, this paper presents an integrated model to investigate user acceptance of Internet banking in an uncertain and risky environment. Empirically, we analyze an extensive dataset, a sample of 413 respondents; and the results strongly support our model. A momentous conclusion is that user acceptance of Internet banking is highly influenced by perceived risk and perceived uncertainty.
O-(2-18F-Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine PET Predicts Failure of Antiangiogenic Treatment in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma

The objective of this study was to compare MRI response assessment with metabolic O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) PET response evaluation during antiangiogenic treatment in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (rHGG). Methods: Eleven patients with rHGG were treated biweekly with bevacizumab–irinotecan. MR images and 18F-FET PET scans were obtained at baseline and at follow-up 8–12 wk after treatment onset. MRI treatment response was evaluated by T1/T2 volumetry according to response assessment in neurooncology (RANO) criteria. For 18F-FET PET evaluation, an uptake reduction of more than 45% calculated with a standardized uptake value of more than 1.6 was defined as a metabolic response (receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis). MRI and 18F-FET PET volumetry results and response assessment were compared with each other and in relation to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: At follow-up, MR images showed partial response in 7 of 11 patients (64%), stable disease in 2 of 11 patients (18%), and tumor progression in 2 of 11 patients (18%). In contrast, 18F-FET PET revealed 5 of 11 metabolic responders (46%) and 6 of 11 nonresponders (54%). MRI and 18F-FET PET showed that responders survived significantly longer than did nonresponders (10.24 vs. 4.1 mo, P = 0.025, and 7.9 vs. 2.3 mo, P = 0.015, respectively). In 4 patients (36.4%), diagnosis according to RANO criteria and 18F-FET PET was discordant. In these cases, PET was able to detect tumor progression earlier than was MRI. Conclusion: In rHGG patients undergoing antiangiogenic treatment, 18F-FET PET seems to be predictive for treatment failure in that it contributes important information to response assessment based solely on MRI and RANO criteria.
Positive selection analysis highlights key positions in plant PP2A regulatory subunits

ABSTRACT A versatile hub for cellular control, the eukaryotic protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) enzyme family is thought to achieve specificity through combinatorial complexity. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed that expansion of PP2A gene families resulted from whole genome duplications followed by non-random gene loss, and selection analysis suggests that retention of B56/PPP2R5 gene family members after genome duplication events was driven by functional diversification. Here we identify the sites at which positive selection is detected in the plant B56 gene family, and discuss the significance of selection at these positions in the context of PP2A holoenzyme structure. The pattern of positive selection observed in the B11 subclade is distinctive, and suggests selective pressure on interactions with substrates and the enzymatic core.
A novel and efficient ligand-based virtual screening approach using the HWZ scoring function and an enhanced shape-density model

In this work, we extend our previous ligand shape-based virtual screening approach by using the scoring function Hamza–Wei–Zhan (HWZ) score and an enhanced molecular shape-density model for the ligands. The performance of the method has been tested against the 40 targets in the Database of Useful Decoys and compared with the performance of our previous HWZ score method. The virtual screening results using the novel ligand shape-based approach demonstrated a favorable improvement (area under the receiver operator characteristics curve AUC = .89 ± .02) and effectiveness (hit rate HR1% = 53.0% ± 6.3 and HR10% = 71.1% ± 4.9). The comparison of the overall performance of our ligand shape-based method with the highest ligand shape-based virtual screening approach using the data fusion of multi queries showed that our strategy takes into account deeper the chemical information of the set of active ligands. Furthermore, the results indicated that our method are suitable for virtual screening and yields superior prediction accuracy than the other study derived from the data fusion using five queries. Therefore, our novel ligand shape-based screening method constitutes a robust and efficient approach to the 3D similarity screening of small compounds and open the door to a whole new approach to drug design by implementing the method in the structure-based virtual screening.
Autism Spectrum Disorders in Tuberous Sclerosis: Pathogenetic Pathways and Implications for Treatment

Autism spectrum disorders have been reported as being much more frequent in individuals with tuberous sclerosis than in the general population. Previous studies have implicated early seizure onset and the localization of cortical tubers in the temporal lobes as risk factors for autism. However, the underlying reasons for this association remain largely unclear. The dysregulation of intracellular signaling through the activation of mTOR pathway could play a direct role in determining susceptibility to autism. Early control of seizures and an early intensive behavioral intervention of autism during the period of brain plasticity can mitigate, but not reverse the final outcome. A greater understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying autism in tuberous sclerosis could help in devising targeted and potentially more effective treatment strategies.
Phase-Field Models for Microstructure Evolution

■ Abstract The phase-field method has recently emerged as a powerful computational approach to modeling and predicting mesoscale morphological and microstructure evolution in materials. It describes a microstructure using a set of conserved and nonconserved field variables that are continuous across the interfacial regions. The temporal and spatial evolution of the field variables is governed by the Cahn-Hilliard nonlinear diffusion equation and the Allen-Cahn relaxation equation. With the fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic information as the input, the phase-field method is able to predict the evolution of arbitrary morphologies and complex microstructures without explicitly tracking the positions of interfaces. This paper briefly reviews the recent advances in developing phase-field models for various materials processes including solidification, solid-state structural phase transformations, grain growth and coarsening, domain evolution in thin films, pattern formation on surfaces, dislocation microstructures, crack propagation, and electromigration.
Role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the induction of endothelial barrier properties

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) has numerous important effects on cell structure and function, but its role in endothelial cells is unclear. Since cyclic AMP has been shown to affect transmembrane transport, cell growth and morphology, cellular adhesion, and cytoskeletal organization, it may be an important determinant of endotelial barrier properties. To test this we exposed bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell monolayers to substances known to increase cyclic AMP and measured their effect on endothelial permeability to albumin and endothelial cell cyclic AMP concentrations. Cholera toxin (CT), a stimulant of the guanine nucleotide binding subunit of adenylate cyclase, led to a concentration‐dependent 2‐6‐told increase in cyclic AMP which was associated with a 3–10‐fold reduction in albumin transfer across endothelial monolayers. The effect was not specific to albumin as similar barrier‐enhancing effects were also noted with an unrelated macromolecule, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐dextran (MW 70,000). Barrier enhancement with cyclic AMP elevation was also observed with forskolin, a stimulant of the catalytic subunit of adenylate cyclase. The temporal pattern of barrier enhancement seen with these agents paralleled their effects on increasing cyclic AMP, and the barrier enhancement could be reproduced by incubation with either dibutyryl cyclic AMP or Sp‐cAMPS, cyclic AMP‐dependent protein kinase agonists. Furthermore, the forsko‐lin effect on barrier enhancement was partially reversed with Rp‐cAMPS, an antagonist of cyclic AMP‐dependent protein kinase. Since endothelial actin polymerization may be an important determinant of endothelial barrier function, we sought to determine whether the cyclic AMP‐induced effects were associated with increases in the polymerized actin pool (F‐actin). Both cholera toxin and forskolin led to apparent endothelial cell spreading and quantitative increases in endothelial cell F‐actin fluorescence. In conclusion, increased endothelial cell cyclic adenine nucleotide activity was an important determinant of endothelial barrier function in vitro. The barrier enhancement was associated with increased endothelial apposition and increases in F‐actin, suggesting that influences on cytoskeletal assembly may be involved in this process.