Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Brain Responses to a Self-Compassion Induction in Trauma Survivors With and Without Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Self-compassion (SC) is a mechanism of symptom improvement in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), however, the underlying neurobiological processes are not well understood. High levels of self-compassion are associated with reduced activation of the threat response system. Physiological threat responses to trauma reminders and increased arousal are key symptoms which are maintained by negative appraisals of the self and self-blame. Moreover, PTSD has been consistently associated with functional changes implicated in the brain’s saliency and the default mode networks. In this paper, we explore how trauma exposed individuals respond to a validated self-compassion exercise. We distinguish three groups using the PTSD checklist; those with full PTSD, those without PTSD, and those with subsyndromal PTSD. Subsyndromal PTSD is a clinically relevant subgroup in which individuals meet the criteria for reexperiencing along with one of either avoidance or hyperarousal. We use electroencephalography (EEG) alpha-asymmetry and EEG microstate analysis to characterize brain activity time series during the self-compassion exercise in the three groups. We contextualize our results with concurrently recorded autonomic measures of physiological arousal (heart rate and skin conductance), parasympathetic activation (heart rate variability) and self-reported changes in state mood and self-perception. We find that in all three groups directing self-compassion toward oneself activates the negative self and elicits a threat response during the SC exercise and that individuals with subsyndromal PTSD who have high levels of hyperarousal have the highest threat response. We find impaired activation of the EEG microstate associated with the saliency, attention and self-referential processing brain networks, distinguishes the three PTSD groups. Our findings provide evidence for potential neural biomarkers for quantitatively differentiating PTSD subgroups.
Dosimetric Study of Deep Learning-Guided ITV Prediction in Cone-beam CT for Lung Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) treatment plan with the target of a newly predicted internal target volume (ITVpredict) and the feasibility of its clinical application. ITVpredict was automatically generated by our in-house deep learning model according to the cone-beam CT (CBCT) image database. Method A retrospective study of 45 patients who underwent SBRT was involved, and Mask R-CNN based algorithm model helped to predict the internal target volume (ITV) using the CBCT image database. The geometric accuracy of ITVpredict was verified by the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), 3D Motion Range (R3D), Relative Volume Index (RVI), and Hausdorff Distance (HD). The PTVpredict was generated by ITVpredict, which was registered and then projected on free-breath CT (FBCT) images. The PTVFBCT was margined from the GTV on FBCT images gross tumor volume on free-breath CT (GTVFBCT). Treatment plans with the target of Predict planning target volume on CBCT images (PTVpredict) and planning target volume on free-breath CT (PTVFBCT) were respectively re-established, and the dosimetric parameters included the ratio of the volume of patients receiving at least the prescribed dose to the volume of PTV (R100%), the ratio of the volume of patients receiving at least 50% of the prescribed dose to the volume of PTV in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0813 Trial (R50%), Gradient Index (GI), and the maximum dose 2 cm from the PTV (D2cm), which were evaluated via Plan4DCT, plan which based on PTVpredict (Planpredict), and plan which based on PTVFBCT (PlanFBCT). Result The geometric results showed that there existed a good correlation between ITVpredict and ITV on the 4-dimensional CT [ITV4DCT; DSC= 0.83 ±0.18]. However, the average volume of ITVpredict was 10% less than that of ITV4DCT (p = 0.333). No significant difference in dose coverage was found in V100% for the ITV with 99.98 ± 0.04% in the ITV4DCT vs. 97.56 ± 4.71% in the ITVpredict (p = 0.162). Dosimetry parameters of PTV, including R100%, R50%, GI and D2cm showed no statistically significant difference between each plan (p > 0.05). Conclusion Dosimetric parameters of Planpredict are clinically comparable to those of the original Plan4DCT. This study confirmed that the treatment plan based on ITVpredict produced by our model could automatically meet clinical requirements. Thus, for patients undergoing lung SBRT, the model has great potential for using CBCT images for ITV contouring which can be used in treatment planning.
Secretomics—A Key to a Comprehensive Picture of Unconventional Protein Secretion

For a long time, leaderless secreted proteins (LLSP) were neglected as artifacts derived from dying cells. It is now generally accepted that secretion of LLSP–as a part of the collective term unconventional protein secretion (UPS) - is an evolutionarily conserved process and that these LLSP are actively and selectively secreted from living cells bypassing the classical endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi pathway. However, the mechanism of UPS pathways, as well as the number of LLSP and which part of a protein is involved in the selection of LLSPs for secretion, are still enigmatic and await clarification. Secretomics-a proteomics-based approach to identify and quantify all proteins secreted by a cell-is inherently unbiased toward a particular secretion pathway and offers the opportunity to shed light on the UPS. Here, we will evaluate and present recent results of proteomic workflows allowing to obtain high-confident secretome data. Additionally, we address that cell culture conditions largely affect the composition of the secretome. This has to be kept in mind to control cell culture induced artifacts and adaptation stress in serum free conditions. Evaluation of click chemistry for secretome analysis of cells under serum-containing conditions showed a significant change in the cellular proteome with longer incubation time upon treatment with non-canonical amino acid azidohomoalanine. Finally, we showed that the number of LLSP far exceeds the number of secreted proteins annotated in Uniprot and ProteinAtlas. Thus, secretomics in combination with sophisticated microbioanalytical and sample preparation methods is well suited to provide a comprehensive picture of UPS.
A Deep Learning System for Fully Automated Retinal Vessel Measurement in High Throughput Image Analysis

Motivation Retinal microvasculature is a unique window for predicting and monitoring major cardiovascular diseases, but high throughput tools based on deep learning for in-detail retinal vessel analysis are lacking. As such, we aim to develop and validate an artificial intelligence system (Retina-based Microvascular Health Assessment System, RMHAS) for fully automated vessel segmentation and quantification of the retinal microvasculature. Results RMHAS achieved good segmentation accuracy across datasets with diverse eye conditions and image resolutions, having AUCs of 0.91, 0.88, 0.95, 0.93, 0.97, 0.95, 0.94 for artery segmentation and 0.92, 0.90, 0.96, 0.95, 0.97, 0.95, 0.96 for vein segmentation on the AV-WIDE, AVRDB, HRF, IOSTAR, LES-AV, RITE, and our internal datasets. Agreement and repeatability analysis supported the robustness of the algorithm. For vessel analysis in quantity, less than 2 s were needed to complete all required analysis.
KENDALI MOTOR DC MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR SRF(Sonar Range Finder) PADA ROBOT WEBCAM BERBASISANDROID

Seiring perkembangan teknologi yang semakin maju, teknologi robot merupakan alat yang dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu manusia yang memiliki beberapa kelebihan. Kelebihan tersebut salah satunya adalah dapat digunakan pada tempat-tempat yang tidak memungkinkan atau berbahaya bagi manusia. Tujuan utama dari pembuatan robot ini adalah membuat robot pengintai dengan kendali jarak jauh. Penulis menemukan robot pengintai dengan kendali menggunakan Bluetooth namun jarak untuk mengendalikan robot tersebut masih terbatas dan tidak terlalu jauh, untuk itu robot pengintai ini disediakan kamera berupa handphone android yang bisa di monitoring memalui PC (Personal Computer) atau Laptop, robot ini juga dibekali sebuah laser yang berada pada bagian atas robot sebagai simulasi pengeksekusi objek, dan robot pengintai ini di pasang 3 buah sensor SRF-04 sebagai pembaca jarak apabila di depan robot terdapat halangan. Oleh karena itu disini penulis menginginkan sebuah robot pengintai dengan kendali menggunakan Android dengan cara mengkoneksikan antara Bluetooth Android dengan Bluetooth robot pengintai, ketika Android untuk sebagai pengendali robot sudah terhubung pada Bluetoot h yang ada pada robot maka robot sudah dapat dikendalikan melalui Android, proses selanjutnya mengendalikan robot pengintai ini dengan cara membuka aplikasi pengontrol yang sudah dibuat menggunakan Basic for Android penggunaanya dengan cara menekan tombol-tombol yang sudah disediakan pada aplikasi pengontrol robot tersebut. Adapun manfaat dari rancang bangun robot pengintai kendali motor DC L293D menggunakan sensor SRF pada robot webcam berbasis android adalah mengetahui cara kerja sensor ultrasonik yang diaplikasikan sebagai sensor penghindar tabrakan pada robot webcam berbasis android, dan mengetahui kerja motor DC L293D akibat pengaruh kerja sensor SRF-04 webcam berbasis android untuk mengendalikan gerak robot. Dari hasil pembahasan yang ada maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan yaitu mikrokontroler merupakan sistem kendali utama dari robot pengintai kendali jarak jauh menggunakan Andorid, perbedaan waktu v yang diperoleh pada saat objek berpindah-pindah posisi melihat, bahwa semakin jauh jarak objek semakin lama waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menerima sinyal. Kata Kunci : Sensor SRF-04, Mikrokontroler ATmega 8535, Driver Motor DC L293D.
A Practical Insecticide Resistance Monitoring Bioassay for Orally Ingested Dinotefuran in Anopheles Malaria Vectors

Simple Summary When insecticides are used to control mosquitoes, resistance is likely to develop over time. It is important to monitor the trait so that an alternative insecticide class can be deployed if needed, to sustain the efficiency of the intervention. Most insecticides for control of adult malaria vectors are used in treated bed nets or sprayed on walls where mosquitoes rest, so that mosquitoes contact them through their tarsi (feet). To control mosquitoes which are becoming resistant to these tools, new insecticide-based tools using both different chemistry and mode of uptake have been developed. One example of these is Attractive Toxic Sugar Baits (ATSBs), from which mosquitoes feed and ingest insecticide that kills them. However, different methods may be needed to monitor for resistance against interventions that have different modes of uptake. This study employed a method for applying insecticide directly onto a mosquito and measuring mortality, and the results were related to mortality from the same insecticide when ingested. This demonstrated that the method may be suitable to detect signs of resistance developing in mosquito populations targeted with ATSBs. Application of the method in wild populations will provide further validation. Abstract Attractive Toxic Sugar Baits (ATSB) deployed outdoors are likely to be particularly effective against outdoor biting mosquitoes and, if they contain insecticides with a different mode of action, mosquitoes resistant to pyrethroids. One such ATSB based on the neonicotinoid dinotefuran is currently under evaluation in Africa. As with any insecticide-based intervention, it will be important to monitor for the possible emergence of vector resistance. While methods for detecting resistance to insecticides via tarsal contact are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), these may not be applicable for orally ingested insecticides. Here, a new ingestion assay, appropriate for a controlled laboratory setting, is described using fluorescein sodium salt (uranine) as a feeding marker. Conventional topical application bioassays, more appropriate for routine deployment, have also been used to apply dinotefuran to the thorax of adult Anopheles mosquitoes with an organic carrier to bypass lipid cuticle barriers. The two methods were compared by establishing lethal doses (LD) in several Anopheles strains. The similarity of the ratios of susceptibility to dinotefuran between pairs of pyrethroid susceptible and resistant strains validates topical application as a suitable, more practical and field applicable method for monitoring for the emergence of resistance to orally ingested dinotefuran. A discriminating dose is proposed, which will be further validated against field populations and used to routinely monitor for the emergence of resistance alongside ATSB trials.
Infrared-to-Visible Upconversion Devices

Infrared imaging plays remarkable roles in various fields including military, biomedicine, aerospace, and artificial intelligence. However, traditional infrared imaging systems have plenty of disadvantages such as large volume, high cost, and complex fabrication process. Emerging infrared upconversion imaging devices can directly convert low-energy infrared photons into high-energy visible light photons, thus they are promising to accomplish pixel-less high-resolution infrared imaging at low cost. In this paper, recent advances and progress of infrared-to-visible upconversion devices are summarized. We further offer the main limitations of upconversion technology and the challenges that need to be addressed for the future development of infrared upconverters.
Distribution and Identification of Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus Infecting Chili Pepper in Bali Distribusi dan Identifikasi Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus yang Menginfeksi Tanaman Cabai di Pulau Bali

Yellow leaf curl disease in chili pepper has been reported in Bali Island since the early 2012. Research was conducted to identify the virus causing this disease and disease distribution in Bali. Field survey was carried out to observe disease intensity and to collect field samples from several chili pepper growing areas in Bali (Karangasem, Bangli, Tabanan, and Gianyar). Begomovirus identification from field samples was then conducted by polymerase chain reaction method using universal primers SPG1/SPG2, followed by an analysis of the amplified target DNA sequences. The incidence of pepper yellow leaf curl disease reached 100% at all sites and disease severity reached 18%−87%. Begomovirus specific DNA fragment measuring 912 bp was successfully amplified from 12 field samples. Sequence analysis of DNA fragments showed the highest homology with Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PYLCIV). Further phylogenetic analysis confirmed the relationship between PYLCIV isolates from Bali and various PYLCIV isolates from Indonesia.
A diaphragm-gate transistor for MEMS microphones

We present a process that can be manipulated to build pressure transducers very simply, using standard post fabrication procedure. This process is cost efficient, requiring but one extra step subsequent to standard MOSIS fabrication. Strategically placing hollowed insertions, and filling with hydrofluoric acid, allows for the etching of an underlying gate oxide. The resulting cavity turns the layer above it into a diaphragm that produces an output voltage in commensurate with air pressure impingent on the surface. We present an analog circuit used to handle the output signal, and discuss future possibilities for using this device as a microphone.
A scalable hybrid network monitoring architecture for measuring, characterizing, and tracking Internet threat dynamics

Networks are increasingly subjected to threats that affect the reliability of critical infrastructure, including Distributed Denial of Service attacks, scanning worms, and botnets. These threats pose significant challenges to measurement infrastructure due to their global scope, extreme scale, and dynamic behavior. As a result, current techniques do not provide sufficiently early or comprehensive intelligence about these attacks. In order to address the problem of providing timely, detailed forensic information on new Internet threats we propose a hybrid system that combines the benefits of network-based and host-based sensors without the corresponding drawbacks. We present insights into the various techniques employed in such a system. We examine the utility of using traffic to unused address space as a means for scalable monitoring for the emergence of new threats and show that while scalable, care must be taken as different sensors see different views of the same global event. We show how the key to achieving scalability is the use of intelligent filtering, allowing the distributed network sensors to selectively send threats to be evaluated to the host sensors based on either the emergence of new threat payloads of the increase in the number of attackers. We highlight the two major issues in monitoring threats with host sensors; how to configure them, and how to analyze the data. We dismiss the idea that monolithic configurations are sufficient configurations and show how anomaly detection can provide an effective means of automating forensics. Finally we show the impact of combining these two types of sensors is profound, providing an unprecedented level of visibility into Internet threats. We demonstrate this utility by providing examples of both individual threat analysis, and insights into threats such as their escalated threat, increasingly global scope, and persistent population.
Inferring a spatial code of cell-cell interactions across a whole animal body

Cell-cell interactions shape cellular function and ultimately organismal phenotype. However, the code embedded in the molecular interactions driving and sustaining the spatial organization of cells remains to be elucidated. Here we present a computational framework to infer the spatial code underlying cell-cell interactions from the transcriptomes of the cell types across the whole body of a multicellular organism. As core of this framework, we introduce our tool cell2cell, which uses the coexpression of ligand-receptor pairs to compute the potential for intercellular interactions, and we test it across the Caenorhabditis elegans’ body. Leveraging a 3D atlas of C. elegans’ cells, we also implement a genetic algorithm to identify the ligand-receptor pairs most informative of the spatial organization of cells. Validating the spatial code extracted with this strategy, the resulting intercellular distances are negatively correlated with the inferred cell-cell interactions. Furthermore, for selected cell-cell and ligand-receptor pairs, we experimentally confirm the communicatory behavior inferred with cell2cell and the genetic algorithm. Thus, our framework helps identify a code that predicts the spatial organization of cells across a whole-animal body.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Problematic Anger: A Case Study

Though anger is a common human emotion, the unfettered behavioral expression of anger is often costly, contributing to a range of functional impairments, poor quality of life, and both physical and mental health problems. The current case illustrates how a third-generation cognitive behavioral therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), may be effective in reducing suffering linked with problematic anger. The client (“Robert”), a treatment-naïve man of low socioeconomic status, presented to a university training clinic reporting problematic anger outbursts that interfered with his relationships at work and with his girlfriend. The therapist conceptualized Robert’s problematic anger through the ACT psychological flexibility model, wherein Robert’s anger appeared to function as experiential avoidance to distance him from underlying emotional hurt. The therapist used ACT over 27 sessions to reduce Robert’s psychological inflexibility while promoting more psychological flexibility. Early sessions highlighted the unworkability of Robert’s anger, whereas subsequent sessions focused on clarifying values, loosening cognitive fusion, facilitating present moment awareness, and cultivating mindful acceptance in the service of living a meaningful life. The therapist monitored treatment progress using quantitative measures and qualitative reports. Collectively, the client showed notable gains. The case study adds to the growing body of literature supporting ACT for problematic anger.
EVALUATION OF THE FDOT VARIANT OF THE MODIFIED KANSAS CORRAL BRIDGE RAILING

15. Supplementary Notes Research performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation, Florida Department of Transportation and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Research Project Title: FDOT Bridge Rails 16. Abstract The objectives of this portion of the project were to: 1. Determine if the subject variant of the Modified Kansas Corral (MKC) railing complies with the requirements of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and NCHRP Report 350, Test Level 4. 2. Prepare a comprehensive report of the research findings that is suitable for submittal to the FHWA by the FDOT as part of a request for acceptance package. 3. If required, perform a full-scale crash test to verify the crash performance of the MKC railing. The AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications give guidance on geometry of the traffic face of railing that can be expected to provide acceptable performance in full-scale crash tests. The relationships between geometric factors and performance are approximate and are based on information available at the time the Specifications were prepared. Since that time, many tests of bridge railings have been performed. Information from those recent tests was compiled and compared with the geometry of the MKC and with provisions of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications to provide insight concerning acceptability of the geometry of the MKC railing. The FDOT variant of the MKC is similar to the original Kansas Corral bridge rail. Offset between the post and beams is 38 mm (1 1/2 inches) on the FDOT variant and 50 mm (2 inches) on the original Kansas Corral, and the post height is 305 mm (12 inches) on the FDOT variant and 330 mm (13 inches) on the Kansas Corral system. However, portions of the openings on the FDOT variant of the MKC have been reduced by the placement of a 152 mm (6 inch) curb in the openings and flush with the upper beam face, this modification should enhance impact performance by reducing the snagging potential. The overall height of both systems is 813 mm (32 inches). Based on the comparison to the previously tested bridge rails and AASHTO guidelines, the FDOT variant of the MKC bridge rail is believed to meet the crash test performance of NCHRP Report 350. 17.