Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SOME HEAVY METALS ON GROWTH OF SCENEDESMUS OBLIQUUS (TURPIN) KÜTZING

The effect of concentrations of copper (0.5, 1.5 mg l -1 ), lead (10, 40, mg l -1 ) and zinc (0.05 and 0.5 mgl -1 ) singly or in combination on growth of Scenedesmus obliquus was studied. The results showed that there is a difference between the effects of each metal singly and in combinations with each others. Generally, heavy metals decreased the growth of Scenedesmus obliquus. High concentration of copper uptake exceeds its uptake in low concentration (58 and 42%, respectively). While the uptake of lead and zinc in low concentrations exceeds their uptake in high concentrations with percentages of (87%, 86%, 13% and 14%, respectively). Zinc uptake in combinations was dominant over the two other metals. The effect of heavy metals on ultrastructure of Scenedesmus obliquus by using the Transmission Electron Microscope was investigated.
Analyze Factors That Affect Carbon Emission Disclosure (Case Study in Non-Financial Firms Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2016)

Article History: Received January 12, 2020 Accepted March 5, 2020 Available July 30, 2020 The purpose of this study is to find out what factors can have an impact on the disclosure of carbon emissions in non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that issues sustainability reports. The variables to be tested in this study are independent variables consisting of industry type, company size, profitability, leverage and corporate governance, as well as the dependent variable which is the disclosure of carbon emissions. Based on secondary data and purposive sampling methods, as many as 57 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that published sustainability reports for 2014-2016 were obtained as research samples. Multiple linear regression was used as the analysis model in this study. Based on the test results, it was found that the variables that had a significant influence on the level of carbon emissions disclosure were industry type, company size and leverage, while the profitability and corporate governance variables were found to have no significant effect. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that of the 57 companies that became the study sample, there were 36 companies that revealed above average carbon emissions. This shows that companies which are included in emission-intensive industries disclose better carbon emissions.
SAMPLING CORN FOR BIRD DAMAGE

Surveys of bird damage to corn generally have been unsatisfactory because damage distribu- tion is erratic and reliable sampling is thus difficult. To determine rates of sampling that could be ex- pected to provide damage estimates of a predicted reliability, the relationship between damage based on total ear-by-ear assessments and damage based on various sampling schemes was explored. Models of the location and damage to every ear in eight half-acre (1.235-ha) segments of cornfields in four states were used to test sampling schemes and rates of sampling. The reliability of estimates based on sam- ples of from 1 ear to 500 ears and of from 1 sample to 50 samples was calculated. The selection of ears in a line perpendicularly across the corn rows was found to be a more efficient method of sampling than selecting consecutive ears along a row of corn. The number of ears to be assessed to attain esti- mates of a given reliability is reduced where the degree of damage is high, the plant density is low, and the number of ears chosen per sample is low. A guide to the sampling required for a damage survey is provided for those who plan to survey in units of half-acre segments of corn.
Physiological ageing during prolonged in vitro-culture of multiple shoots of Bambusa bambos var. gigantea Bennet and Gaur

Summary This report describes the extent of physiological ageing under in vitro-culture conditions in multiple shoots of Bambusa bambos var. gigantea depending on shoot multiplication rate (MR), rooting capacity, and rhizome induction. The occurrence of physiological ageing undermines the viability of clones obtained by prolonged micropropagation over long periods of time. Multiple shoots induced at the embryonic axes of caryopses were sub-cultured continuously (4 weeks per culture) and alternately on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 5.0 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or containing 5.0 µM BAP plus 0.1 µM gibberellin (GA3). The rate of shoot multiplication declined after 13 – 20 sub-cultures and could not be reversed by substituting thidiazuron (TDZ) for BAP, or by adding a lower concentration of BAP (2.5 µM) to the medium to overcome any dosage tolerance caused during repeated sub-culturing. Multiple shoots that formed after 13 sub-cultures became necrotic, even after root formation on MS medium containing 0.1 – 50.0 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), possibly because of physiological ageing.After sub-culture-11, in vitro-raised shoots of B. bambos var. gigantea exhibited prolific multiplication on 5.0 µM BAP, poor rooting on either 10.0 or 25.0 µM NAA, and rhizome-formation on MS medium containing 50.0 µM NAA plus 0.2 mM boric acid. These observations provide evidence for physiological ageing.
Revised proposal for the risk assessment of persistence of plant protection products in soil

Dit rapport geeft aangepaste richtlijnen voor de beoordeling van milieurisico's van gewasbeschermingsmiddelen die lang in de bodem aanwezig blijven. Deze richtlijnen geven een nadere invulling aan de Europese regelgeving. Het rapport onderscheidt drie beschermdoelen voor de bodem: 1) behoud van landbouwkundige bodemfuncties, 2) behoud van structuur van levensgemeenschappen van agro-ecosystemen en 3) bescherming van de structuur van bodemlevensgemeenschappen in natuurgebieden. De risicobeoordeling op Europees niveau beschouwt het eerste beschermdoel en blijft daarom buiten beschouwing. De twee overige beschermdoelen zijn vooral toegespitst op de Nederlandse situatie en kunnen later voor Europese regelgeving worden uitgewerkt. Om tot een nauwkeurigere beoordeling te komen stelt het rapport voor om zowel aan de blootstellingskant als aan de effectenkant met getrapte systemen te werken. Deze beslisbomen worden gehanteerd bij achtereenvolgens halfwaardetijden van de stoffen in de bodem boven 90 en 180 dagen. Stoffen met dergelijke halfwaardetijden werden vroeger in Nederland op een andere manier beoordeeld of niet toegestaan. De nieuwe richtlijnen betrekken alle wetenschappelijke informatie in de beoordeling, zoals de Europese gewasbeschermingsmiddelenrichtlijn vereist.
Last-male sperm priority in a haplogyne spider (Araneae: Pholcidae) : Correlations between female morphology and patterns of sperm usage

In species where the female mates more than once, sperm priority patterns have important implications for the mating behavior of both sexes. The shape of female sperm storage organs may play a role in determining priority patterns, although the extent of this effect has been controversial. Spiders provide an interesting test of this hypothesis because 2 phylogenetically distinct groups differ in the structure of sperm storage organs. In entelegyne spiders, the female sperm-storage organs have separate ducts for sperm entrance and exit. The male inseminates the female through the external fertilization duct. Sperm then travel through a “conduit” and are released from an internal fertilization duct to fertilize eggs. This arrangement has been hypothesized to lead to 1st-male priority. Six species in 3 entelegyne families have been shown to have 1st-male sperm priority with some mixing; 1 entelegyne species, however, shows last-male priority. Haplogyne females, in contrast, have a spermstorage area with only a single opening, which may be more likely to lead to last-male sperm priority because the last sperm to enter the storage area would be likely to be the 1st to leave. Few data are available for this group. We used a balanced sterile-male design to test the sperm priority pattern in females mated once with each of a pair of males of a haplogyne spider, Holocnemus pluchei Scopoli. Egg sacs from 72.5% of females were sired predominantly by 2nd males, 7.5% were predominantly sired by 1st males, and 20% showed mixed paternity ( n = 40); these frequencies differed significantly from random expectations. The average percentage of eggs fathered by the 2nd male, or P 2, was 74%. These data clearly differ from the predominantly 1st-male pattern generally found in entelegynes, thereby supporting the hypothesized relationship between female reproductive morphology and sperm use patterns. Mating behavior of spiders that exhibit 2nd-male priority should differ from that exhibiting 1st-male priority, and evidence from H. pluchei and other haplogynes supports this inference.
PI-Rads Scores and MRI-Targeted Prostate Biopsy

Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cause of cancer death of men in Western Europe and in the United States [1]. For patients with high clinical suspicion for prostate cancer (abnormal digital rectal examination and/or elevated prostatespecific antigen (PSA) level, the standard diagnostic tool for the diagnosis is the systematic trans rectal ultrasonography (US)guided 10 to 12 core biopsy [1-4]. Multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging by applying T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging (DCI) has been proven to improve the early detection, and localization of prostate cancer [1-5].
Study on Characteristics of Germination and Drought-resistance Index by Osmotic Stress in Rice

Polyethylene glycol(PEG)-6000 was employed as osmotic agent for simulating water stress,to study the germination characteristics of rice grain in four difference concentrations osmotic solution and to establish the identification index for indirectly evaluating drought-resistance in germination period.The result showed that the inhibiting on seed germination in higher concentration of PEG was larger than that in lower concentration of PEG,and drought response index of germination rate was increased along with the decrease of PEG conentration and the course of germination.Germination rate after germinated 6 days in 20% concentration of PEG had more variance range and coeffecient of variation,better proportion on variety distributing than other's,it could reflect different response of rice variety on osmotic stress,so it was fit for drought-resistance identification on germination rate.Survival rate of seedling treated drought repeatedly was significantly correlated with the index of germination in osmotic stress and coleoptile length after germinated 8 days on 20% concentration of PEG,so index of germination and coleoptile length could be used as identification index for indirectly evaluating drougt-resistance at the seedling stage.
A Study of Rumor Detection based on Social Network Topic Models Relationship

The rumor detection problem on social networks has attracted considerable attention in recent years with the rise of concerns about fake news and disinformation. Most previous works focused on detecting rumors by individual messages, classifying whether a post or blog entry is considered a rumor or not. This paper proposes a method for rumor detection on topic-level that identifies whether a social topic related to a scientific topic is a rumor. We propose the use of a topic model method on social and scientific domains and correlate the topics found to detect the most prone to be rumors. Results applied in the Zika epidemic scenario show evidence that the least correlated topics contain a mix of rumors and local community discussions.
Review: feed withdrawal and non feed withdrawal moult

Moulting is a natural phenomenon in birds. Temperature variation and photoperiodic changes induce circadian and circannual rhythms, manifested by changes in the neural and endocrine systems, ultimately causing physiological processes resulting in a moult. The concept of induced moulting by feed deprivation arose during the early part of the 20th century as a solution to economic challenges of decreased egg production in commercial layer flocks toward the end of the first laying cycle as they approached the moult phase. Efficiency of feed removal programs in enhancing post moult productivity and economical feasibility insured a gain in popularity by the 1930′s. In 2003, more than 75% of all flocks were moulted in the U.S. However, moulting with feed withdrawal caused risk to the health of birds by impairing the immune system and increasing susceptibility to various pathogens, especially Salmonella enteritidis (SE). During the 1980s, increased incidence of gastroenteritis due to SE was linked to forced moulting. The importance of challenges for conventional forced moulting was realized and animal activists, welfare organizations, researchers, consumers, and producers realized that alternative moulting methods were necessary. Ultimately, the United Egg Producers Scientific Advisory Committee, having dealt with the issue of feed withdrawal for moulting since the early 1990′s, amended the Animal Husbandry Guidelines for U.S. Egg Laying Flocks to specify the use of non feed withdrawal moult methods after January 1, 2006. Furthermore, moulting hens would have to be fed nutritionally adequate and palatable food suitable for non-egg producing hens. Though metals or hormones are efficient moult inducers, results of studies showed that they had disadvantages like residual effects and physiological alterations, respectively. Diets supplemented with low nutritious feed ingredients are safe and demonstrate promising outcomes. Unconventional feedstuffs such as coconut meal and cumin seed meal are successfully used in layer and non feed removal moults in Asian and Middle Eastern countries. In the western U.S. (especially in California), local ingredients like safflower meal and tomato pomace are promising alternatives.
Media and Economic Growth: Country Groups Difference via Panel Data

DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020. 5.5. 510 Vol 5 | Issue 5 | September 2020 1 Abstract — The present article investigates the link between economic growth, namely GDP per capita, and the media activity represented with the indicator of the press freedom alongside other factors such as infrastructure, institutional conditions, and foreign direct investments. A panel of 179 countries was used for the period from 2000 to 2015. In particular, we run two panel data analysis models, fixed effects and random effects models, and examined their output with Hausman’s specification test, which pointed the fixed effects model as more efficient for the presented data set. However due to the presence of serial correlation, heteroskedastic, and crosspanel dependence, a Prais-Winsten regression with panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) was implemented. The comparative analysis of models of four country groups, divided by GNI per capita, was conducted. Both statistically significant correlation coefficients and models’ output provided evidence of an association between economic growth and the press activity.
Genetic Diversity Evaluation of MARDI’s Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Germplasm using Simple Sequence Repeats

A total of 18 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been optimized and used to genotype coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.). These markers were used to genotype 23 coconut varieties that were maintained in MARDI’s germplasm collection. Fifteen SSR loci were polymorphic markers while the remaining three SSR were monomorphic. The number of alleles ranged from 2 to 19 with a mean number of 8.53 per locus. The expected heterozygosity values in each variety ranged from 0.07 to 0.61, with an average value of 0.52. Several varieties could be successfully differentiated by using these 15 SSR markers such as Cameroon Red Dwarf x West African Tall hybrid, Mawa hybrid, Malayan Tall x Cameroon Red Dwarf hybrid, Malayan Red Dwarf x Rotuman hybrid, Catigan, Pandan and Laguna. A UPGMA Dendogram showed Niu Damu as an outlying group with high dissimilarity from all other varieties. Analyses using the STRUCTURE software showed all 23 varieties to be clustered into 21 genotypic groups. This new information will greatly contribute towards characterization of the MARDI’s coconut germplasm collection and to develop a SSR tool for the identification of new coconut varieties in Malaysia.
Yield and Nutritional Quality of Canola Sprouts

In recent times, the use of sprouted seeds has become popular in human diets. Considerable information is available in the literature about various types of sprouts such as alfalfa, mungbean, and radish. However, information about canola (Brassica napus L.) sprouts, an oilseed crop that is receiving serious consideration as a source of domestic oil for human consumption, is lacking. We studied the composition traits of sprouts made from four canola cultivars ('Banjo', 'KS8200', 'KS8227', and 'Virginia') grown at three locations (Orange, Petersburg, and Suffolk) in Virginia for two crop seasons (2001 to 2002 and 2002 to 2003). Two 20-g seed samples (two replications) of each cultivar x location combination were sprouted for 6 d in the laboratory using tap water. Sprouting of canola seeds increased the weight 5.6 times over the original seed weight. Canola sprouts, on average, contained 27.3% oil, 25.1% protein, and 10.8% crude fiber on dry weight basis. Fresh yield of canola sprouts, from 20-g seed, averaged 111.1 g, whereas moisture content averaged 80.3%. Effects of cultivars on fresh sprout yield and moisture content were not significant. Locations where seeds were grown had significant effects on all traits of canola sprouts except for fresh sprout yield. Canola sprouts made from seed of 'Virginia' cultivar had the highest protein content (26.2%), whereas those made from seeds of 'KS8227' cultivar had the highest oil content (28.7%). Based on traits under study, canola sprouts compared well with alfalfa, brussel sprouts, mungbean, and radish sprouts for overall nutritional quality.
Inhibitory effects of isoscopoletin on thrombus formation via regulation of cyclic nucleotides in collagen-induced platelets

An essential component of the hemostatic process during vascular damage is platelet activation. However, many cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and myocardial infarction, can develop due to excessive platelet activation. Isoscopoletin, found primarily in plant roots of the genus Artemisia or Scopolia, has been studied to demonstrate potential pharmacological effects on Alzheimer's disease and anticancer, but its mechanisms and role in relation to thrombus formation and platelet aggregation have not yet been discovered. This research investigated the effect of isoscopoletin on collagen-induced human platelet activation. As a result, isoscopoletin strongly increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, isoscopoletin greatly phosphorylated inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), known substrates of cAMP-dependent kinase and cGMP dependent kinase. Phosphorylation of IP3R by isoscopoletin induced Ca inhibition from the dense tubular system Ca channels, and VASP phosphorylation was involved in fibrinogen binding inhibition by inactivating αIIb/β3 in the platelet membrane. Isoscopoletin finally reduced thrombin-induced fibrin clot production and finally reduced thrombus formation. Therefore, this research suggests that isoscopoletin has strong antiplatelet effects and is likely to be helpful for thrombotic diseases involving platelets by acting as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent.
The Northern Arizona SNP Pipeline (NASP): accurate, flexible, and rapid identification of SNPs in WGS datasets

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of bacteria is becoming standard practice in many laboratories. Applications for WGS analysis include phylogeography and molecular epidemiology, using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as the unit of evolution. The Northern Arizona SNP Pipeline (NASP) was developed as a reproducible pipeline that scales well with the large amount of WGS data typically used in comparative genomics applications. In this study, we demonstrate how NASP compares to other tools in the analysis of two real bacterial genomics datasets and one simulated dataset. Our results demonstrate that NASP produces comparable, and often better, results to other pipelines, but is much more flexible in terms of data input types, job management systems, diversity of supported tools, and output formats. We also demonstrate differences in results based on the choice of the reference genome and choice of inferring phylogenies from concatenated SNPs or alignments including monomorphic positions. NASP represents a source-available, version-controlled, unit-tested method and can be obtained from tgennorth.github. io/NASP.
In vitro immunopotentiating activities of cellular fractions of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi and bifidobacteria

【The present study represents the investigation of in vitro immunopotentiating activities of cellular fractions of major lactic acid bacteria found in kimchi (KLAB) and bifidobacteria. The macrophage cells, RAW264.7, were stimulated with heat-killed whole-cell, cell-wall, and cytoplasmic fractions of four strains of KLAB (Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc citreum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus sake) and two strains of bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium lactis) each, and then the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines including tumor necrosis $factor-\alpha\;(TNF-\alpha)$ and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured by Griess and ELISA assays, respectively. Heat-killed wholecell and cell-wall fractions-but not the cytoplasmic fraction-from all strains of KLAB significantly increased the production of NO in RAW264.7 cells, and all fractions from bifidobacteria exerted similar effects. In the production of $TNF-\alpha$ , heat-killed whole-cell and cell-wall fractions of L. plantarum showed the strongest effect, followed by L. sake and B. lactis, whereas other KLAB fractions did not exert any effect. In the production of IL-6, only whole-cell and cell-wall fractions of L. plantarum were effective. These results, taken together, indicate that L. plantarum might playa critical role in the immunopotentiating activities of kimchi. 】
Evidence for Negative Effects of Drought on Baetis sp. (Small Minnow Mayfly) Abundance in a Southern California Stream

Abstract Benthic macroinvertebrate (BMI) sampling was conducted at two sites in Topanga Creek from 2003-2014. During this period, Southern California experienced extreme drought conditions (US Drought Monitor 2014). Examining trends in species composition over this period allows for a relatively long-term analysis of potential effects of drought on BMI communities. The Southern California Coastal Index of Biotic Integrity (SCC-IBI; Ode 2007) was applied to BMI samples from Topanga Creek to measure the effects of drought on quantitative biotic integrity. The following trends regarding the BMI community of Topanga Creek emerged during the course of this study: 1) Wet year rainfall in Topanga Creek Watershed positively correlated to relative and per sq. ft. springtime abundance of Baetis sp. , relative abundance of Simulium sp. up to 78.7 cm (31") rain, and negatively correlated to relative abundance of Chironomidae n.d. , 2) percent algae cover in April and May positvely correlated to abundance per sq. ft. Baetis sp. and Simulium sp. , and 3) multiple regression analysis revealed a negative relationship between Chironomid n.d. and Baetis sp. abundance. BMI are an important food source for endangered steelhead trout and other native aquatic and terrestrial insectivorous species of special concern; significant changes to the BMI community could have trophic reprecussions for these and other wildlife. Long-term monitoring is important for tracking the influence of changes in climatic conditions on BMI community.