Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation between choline concentrations and trace values in human brain tumors

Methods: Four patients with histologicaly verified glioblastoma (G-IV type) have been involved in the study. The measurement protocol included conventional MR imaging (TSE, TE/TR/NA=99ms/5400ms/1), DI (EPI-Trace, TE/TR/NA=137ms/8000ms/8) and SI (2D PRESS-SI, 16x16, FOV=160x160mm, TE/TR/NA=135ms/1500ms/2). All measurements were performed on 1.5T scanner with transmit-receive CP head coil. SI data were analyzed using the program CULICH [3] with LCModel [4]. Data processing included mild k-space filtering (Hamming filter) and zero filling to 32x32 voxels followed by the calculation of absolute concentrations of Cho. To analyze the correlation between choline concentrations and Tr values in the different parts of tumors, new CULICH plug-in has been developed enabling to mark out regions in the brain interactively and to calculate correlation between metabolite (Cho) concentration values and corresponding Tr values for each voxel in the selected region. To exclude areas with low spectra quality only the voxels with corresponding error (Cramer-Rao bound (CRB)) of calculated Cho concentrations bellow specified threshold (CRBs<50%) were included in the analysis. To account for the different DI and SI slice thickness the average Tr value from DI slices covering the SI slice has been used in each voxel. Results: Depending on the region selected, several distinct areas can be observed in the dependence of Cho on Tr as apparent in Fig. 1: 1) Pixels corresponding to low Tr and normal Cho values represent healthy tissue, 2) pixels showing the inverse Cho - Tr correlation represent (according to above mentioned studies[1,2]) areas of the active tumor. 3) pixels corresponding to high Tr but not aligned along regressed Cho - Tr line represent necrosis or edema. Described dependence was observed in three of four patients. The disagreement in the last patient can be explained by the pure quality of the acquired spectra. Each of three tissues types can be identified in the MR images by selecting appropriate points in the graph of Cho - Tr dependence and displaying corresponding voxels in the MR image, as shown in Fig 2. Voxels corresponding to points in the area of the inverse Cho - Tr correlation correspond to the different tumor stage according to the their position (i.e. Tr or Cho value) in the dependence. Moreover, the determination of the slope of the regressed line and its error helps to find the boundary between Cho concentrations in healthy tissue and in the tumor.
Co-Simulation of Smart Distribution Network Fault Management and Reconfiguration with LTE Communication

Transition towards a smart grid requires network modernization based on the deployment of information and communication technologies for managing network operation and coordinating distributed energy resources in distribution systems. The success of the most advanced smart grid functionalities depends on the availability and quality of communication systems. Amongst the most demanding functionalities, those related to fault isolation, location and system restoration (FLISR) to obtain a self-healing smart grid are critical and require low latency communication systems, particularly in case of application to weakly-meshed operated networks. Simulation tools capable of capturing the interaction between communication and electrical systems are of outmost utility to check proper functioning of FLISR under different utilization conditions, to assess the expected improvements of Quality of Service, and to define minimum requirements of the communication system. In this context, this paper investigates the use of public mobile telecommunication system 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) for FLISR applications in both radially and weakly-meshed medium voltage (MV) distribution networks. This study makes use of a co-simulation software platform capable to consider power system dynamics. The results demonstrate that LTE can be used as communication medium for advanced fault location, extinction, and network reconfiguration in distribution networks. Furthermore, this paper shows that the reduction of performances with mobile background usage does not affect the system and does not cause delays higher than 100 ms, which is the maximum allowable for power system protections.
THE SAMI GALAXY SURVEY: TOWARD A UNIFIED DYNAMICAL SCALING RELATION FOR GALAXIES OF ALL TYPES

We take advantage of the first data from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field Galaxy Survey to investigate the relation between the kinematics of gas and stars, and stellar mass in a comprehensive sample of nearby galaxies. We find that all 235 objects in our sample, regardless of their morphology, lie on a tight relation linking stellar mass (M*) to internal velocity quantified by the S0.5 parameter, which combines the contribution of both dispersion (σ) and rotational velocity (Vrot) to the dynamical support of a galaxy (). Our results are independent of the baryonic component from which σ and Vrot are estimated, as the S0.5 of stars and gas agree remarkably well. This represents a significant improvement compared to the canonical M* versus Vrot and M* versus σ relations. Not only is no sample pruning necessary, but also stellar and gas kinematics can be used simultaneously, as the effect of asymmetric drift is taken into account once Vrot and σ are combined. Our findings illustrate how the combination of dispersion and rotational velocities for both gas and stars can provide us with a single dynamical scaling relation valid for galaxies of all morphologies across at least the stellar mass range 8.5 <log (M*/M☉) < 11. Such relation appears to be more general and at least as tight as any other dynamical scaling relation, representing a unique tool for investigating the link between galaxy kinematics and baryonic content, and a less biased comparison with theoretical models.
Evaluation of CFD Accuracy for the Ventilation Study of a Naturally Ventilated Broiler House

Using the CFD model, a new ventilation system design will be found later taking into consideration the ventilation efficiency such as uniformity, stability, and suitability of environmental factors in a naturally ventilated broiler house. Because conducting a field experiment for the ventilation study presented so many difficulties, a reliable 3-dimentional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model had to be developed to investigate the natural ventilation. Before investigating its accuracy, a wind tunnel and particle image velocimetry (PIV) test was initially conducted to find their best experimental conditions and improve the PIV accuracy 13 15 A 1/20 scale model of a naturally ventilated broiler house was used to get qualitative and quantitative airflow distribution in the broiler house using the PIV and CFD. To improve the CFD accuracy, the PIV and CFD computed airflows in the broiler house were compared, particularly on the distribution, local air velocity, and turbulent intensity in the house. The quality of the mesh density and the design of the boundary condition, especially the wind velocity and turbulence profiles, were found to be very important for getting accurate results. Assuming the PIV results were accurate, the most accurate CFD results were obtained when using a RNG k-e turbulence numerical model. The average error of the CFD computed air velocity when using the RNG k-e models was -6.2%.
A European tool for the explotation of remote color data in biological oceanography: the OPPP

The new generation of ocean color data has promote the development of new tools for the exploitation of this type of remote sensed data of the seas. The OPPP (Ocean Primary Production Processor) prototype is the output of a ESRIN project whose main propose is to create a basic infrastructure for primary production estimation and validation with new satellite's data, as the ones from MERIS, in the near future. In this article we present a short compilation of the scientific results obtained in the calibration/validation of the new tool OPPP. Also some examples of the application of the software to the Canary Islands waters (Spain) are shown.
A Model of Trusted Measurement Model

A model of Trusted Measurement supporting behavior measurement based on trusted connection architecture (TCA) with three entities and three levels is proposed, and a frame to illustrate the model is given. The model synthesizes three trusted measurement dimensions including trusted identity, trusted status and trusted behavior, satisfies the essential requirements of trusted measurement, and unified the TCA with three entities and three levels.
Adaptability and stability in rubber tree progenies under different environmental conditions.

The aim of this work was to select progenies with high adaptability and stability from the dry rubber yield (PBS), of genotypes from a three-year-old rubber tree population, installed in three different locations (Selviria, MS, Votuporanga, SP and Colina, SP), by the MHPRVG (harmonic average performance relative breeding values) method predicted by BLUP. The progenies were installed in a randomized block design with 30 treatments (progenies), three replications and 10 plants per plot, with spacing of 3.00 x 3.00 m (Selviria, MS) and 1.50 x 1.50 m (Colina, SP and Votuporanga, SP). The PBS presented considerable genetic coefficient variability, ranging from 23.03 to 27.82% and average heritability ranging from 0.47 to 0.99, indicating the high value of the progeny tests in rubber tree breeding programs. The MHPRVG method provided a genetic gain ranging from 11 to 38% in 10 progenies to the PBS and allowed the selection of progenies with high predicted yield potential.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HYDROGEN UNDER-EXPANDED JET FLOW CONSIDERING VISCOUS EFFECTS

Hydrogen is the simplest and the most plentiful element in the universe. It is the cleanest burning fuel with water as the only by-product of the combustion process. Nevertheless, the low energy density per volume of hydrogen requires highly pressurized tanks to store a reasonable amount of energy. Highly pressurized storage tanks increase the risk of tank valve failure and hydrogen release into atmosphere. In this study, two approaches are developed to investigate sudden hydrogen release. In the first approach, an analytical method is used to analyze the time histories of stagnation properties inside the chamber and sonic properties at the throat. In the second approach, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is conducted using Ansys CFX solver. Unsteady 3D Navier-Stokes equations along with an additional transport equation are the governing equations of the flow. This CFD analysis is second order accurate in time and space. The SST k-ω turbulence model is employed to study the turbulent properties of the flow. Peng-Robinson real gas EOS is used for the accurate prediction of the hydrogen properties. A fully structured high quality mesh is constructed with
The ceremonial use of the threatened espadañacycad (Dioon merolae, Zamiaceae) by a community ofthe central depression of Chiapas, Mexico

Dioon merolae De Luca, Sabato et Vazq.Torres, a cycad species from Chiapas known locally as espadana, plays a very important role during the Santa Cruz festival of May 3rd amongst the community of Suchiapa in the Central Depression of Chiapas. Its leaves are used to adorn altars during this religious Catholic festival every May. It appears to be a pre-Hispanic native Chiapanec tradition that has undergone syncretism into Catholic practice during colonial times. The cycads do not appear to be harmed by the annual pruning of leaves but the current threat to the plant populations and this ageless tradition comes from activists of other religious traditions who deliberately set fire to the cycad habitat during the dry season prior to leaf collecting.
Antimicrobial and toxicity tests of flavonoid total Dendrophthoe pentandra (L) miq from false ashoke tree (Polyalthia longifolia)

Abstract: Research on antimicrobial and toxicity tests of flavonoid total Dendrophthoe pentandra (L) Miq from false ashoke tree ( Polyalthia longifolia ) have been done. This study aims to determine the activity of toxicity of total flavonoid of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L) Miq as mistletoe of false ashoke tree ( P. longifolia ) based on Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method using Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae obtained Lethal Concentration (LC 50 ) of 30.06 mg / L which means strong toxic activity. Antimicrobial test of flavonoid total has used the diffusion method in order to obtain the inhibit zone diameter on Streptococcus mutans at the total flavonoids concentration of 3%, 6% and 9% were 6; 9 and 17.25 mm, in Escherichia coli is 3.55; 4.25 and 9.15 mm and at Candida albicans is 8.30; 4 and 5.30 mm where S. mutans and E. coli are greater but C. albican s less affect but still have good inhibitory activity so effective to be developed as antimicrobial agents. Keywords: false ashoke leaves, antimicrobial, toxicity, diffusion and BSLT
KINECT, A NOVEL CUTTING EDGE TOOL IN PAVEMENT DATA COLLECTION

Abstract. Pavement roughness and surface distress detection is of interest of decision makers due to vehicle safety, user satisfaction, and cost saving. Data collection, as a core of pavement management systems, is required for these detections. There are two major types of data collection: traditional/manual data collection and automated/semi-automated data collection. This paper study different non-destructive tools in detecting cracks and potholes. For this purpose, automated data collection tools, which have been utilized recently are discussed and their applications are criticized. The main issue is the significant amount of money as a capital investment needed to buy the vehicle. The main scope of this paper is to study the approach and related tools that not only are cost-effective but also precise and accurate. The new sensor called Kinect has all of these specifications. It can capture both RGB images and depth which are of significant use in measuring cracks and potholes. This sensor is able to take image of surfaces with adequate resolution to detect cracks along with measurement of distance between sensor and obstacles in front of it which results in depth of defects. This technology has been very recently studied by few researchers in different fields of studies such as project management, biomedical engineering, etc. Pavement management has not paid enough attention to use of Kinect in monitoring and detecting distresses. This paper is aimed at providing a thorough literature review on usage of Kinect in pavement management and finally proposing the best approach which is cost-effective and precise.
16S rRNA DGGE Analysis of Gut and Hepatopancreas Microflora in the Isopod Oniscus asellus

The microflora (microbes) of the gastrointestinal tract have been found to play an important role in the health of animals. In addition to pathogenic microbes and their associated negative effects, beneficial microbes have important positive effects. However, the dynamics of the transmission and colonization of the microflora between mates and between parents and offspring are still largely unknown. Variation in the microflora between individuals suggests that selection can play a role in this transmission and colonization. As a preliminary step to investigate the transfer of microflora between male and female isopods, microbial DNA from Oniscus asellus, washed and unwashed gastrointestinal tracts and hepatopancreas glands were isolated and characterized using 16S rRNA primers and DGGE analysis. Males and females showed considerable variation between microflora in gastrointestinal tracts while hepatopancreas samples were more similar. Introduction The microflora of the gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in the health of its host. In addition to pathogenic microbes, beneficial microbes have several positive effects on the health of the host (Rastall et al., 2005). The microflora (all the microbial inhabitants) provide metabolic functions, protection from invasion by pathogenic microbes, and modulation of the immune systems. The resident or indigenous microflora (authochthonous) is often specialized for the gastrointestinal tract while the transient microflora (allochthonous) that is passing through is not. A classic example is the specific microbial communities found in ruminants. Agriculture has taken advantage of these beneficial effects by feeding microbes (probiotics) to domestic animals. While the majority of the microflora studies have concentrated on vertebrate animals, the microflora in invertebrates is equally important (Dillon and Dillon, 2004). The role of the microflora in the digestion of cellulose in termites is one striking example. The role and transmission of microbes is an important aspect in understanding how microflora affect host health, but outside of specific pathogenic organisms our understanding of how microbes are transmitted between individuals is limited. It is possible that this transmission of beneficial microbes is favored by natural selection (Lombardo et al., 1999). Model systems for the study of the transmission of microflora in a variety of organisms would be helpful in understanding their roles. The terrestrial isopoda are potential systems for studying microflora, their effects, and their transmission between individuals (Hassal et al., 2005). Terrestrial isopods provide an important role in the breakdown and processing of detritus (Zimmer, 2002). How much isopod nutrition comes from digestion of organic material in detritus versus digestion of microbes growing on the detritus is unclear. However, the isopod gastrointenstinal tract, like all tracts, is specialized for 16S rRNA DGGE Analysis of Gut and Hepatopancreas Microflora in the Isopod Oniscus asellus De'Vona Glover
Free tropospheric aerosols over South Africa

Raman lidar data of one year was been analyzed to obtain information relating aerosol layers in the free troposphere over South Africa, Elandsfontein. In total, 375 layers were observed above the boundary layer during the period 30 th January 2010 – 31 st January 2011. The seasonal behavior of aerosol layer geometrical characteristics as well as intensive and extensive optical properties were studied. In general, layers were observed at higher altitudes during spring (2520 ± 970 m) while the geometrical layer depth did not show any significant seasonal dependence. The variations of most of the intensive and extensive optical properties analyzed were high during all seasons. Layers were observed at mean altitude of 2100 m ± 1000 m with lidar ratio at 355 nm of 67 ± 25 and extinction-related Angstrom exponent between 355 and 532 nm of 1.9 ± 0.8.
Semiadaptive Fault Diagnosis via Variational Bayesian Mixture Factor Analysis with Application to Wastewater Treatment

Mainly due to the hostile environment in wastewater plants WWTPs, the reliability of sensors with respect to important qualities is often poor. In this work, we present the design of a semiadaptive fault diagnosis method based on the variational Bayesian mixture factor analysis VBMFA to support process monitoring. The proposed method is capable of capturing strong nonlinearity and the significant dynamic feature of WWTPs that seriously limit the application of conventional multivariate statistical methods for fault diagnosis implementation. The performance of proposed method is validated through a simulation study of a wastewater plant. Results have demonstrated that the proposed strategy can significantly improve the ability of fault diagnosis under fault-free scenario, accurately detect the abrupt change and drift fault, and even localize the root cause of corresponding fault properly.
Screening of yeast strains for pectinolytic activity: Effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources in submerged fermentations

Objectives: In the industrial production of fruit juices it is necessary to eliminate the pectin released during fruit processing in order to reduce the time of filtration and enhance the production at the end of the process. The present investigation was to select yeast strains with the best pectinase production and characterize some of the properties of the enzymes produced by submerged fermentation (SmF) processes. Materials and Methods: For plate assay, yeast strains were inoculated in the solid medium including citrus or apple pectin (1.0%) and incubated for 72h at 30oC. After, iodine-potassium iodide solution or 6M HCI was added to detect clearance zones around the colonies. Strains presenting large clearing zones were used for enzyme production assays on liquid medium. SmF was carried out using 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks with 40 ml of medium in a rotary shaker (120 rpm) at 30oC. After 96h the biomass was separated by centrifugation at 11000 rpm for 10 min and the supernatant was used to evaluate polygalacturonase (PGase) activity. Assay of PGase activity was determined by measuring the release of reducing groups using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) reagent. The reaction mixture containing 250 µl of 1% citric pectin in 250 µl citrate-phosphate, pH 6.0 buffer and 100 µl of culture supernatant, was incubated at 30oC for 5 min. Results: Yeast strains were tested for pectin hydrolysis by plate assay, and were classified as very good producers of pectin depolymerizing enzymes when presented clear halos around colonies of at least 1.5 cm (1), good producers when the halos were of at least 1 cm (4), weak producers when halos were at least 0.5 cm (4) and poor producers when no pectinolytic activity and no clear lysis zones were observed (11). Maximal PGase production activity was obtained for strains Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL-Y-1195 and Pichia pastoris. Pectinolytic activity was the highest at pH 5.0 and 5.5 for these strains respectively, except for Candida rugosa NRRL-Y-95, which presented optimal pH between 6.0. Assay for determination of the optimal temperature for PGase activity indicated maximal activities between 40-50oC for high pectinolytic yeast strains. PGase secreted by these yeasts showed an activity between pH 3.5 and 6.0, which is typical of PGase secreted by yeasts. Conclusion: The pectinolytic activity of yeasts has specific properties which may offer advantages over currently available pectinase preparations. The enzyme solution can be applied directly to fruit juice industries without the need for pH modification. Furthermore, because of the temperature stability of the enzyme, it can be possibly used at processing temperature of 40-50oC, which is sufficient for industrial process.
A Critical Review of Organizational Identification: Introducing Identity Work to Examine Dynamic Process

Previous organizational identification (OID) research has attempted to provide a theoretical framework for career-oriented research. However, in dynamic terms, OID may not encompass the required explanatory mechanisms to understand career change processes. The purpose of this theoretical review is to critically review OID research and introduce the concept of identity work in order to overcome the inherent limitations of OID. This review discusses: (1) the essence of organizational identification; (2) problems with organizational identification; (3) how identity work overcomes OID problems; (4) problems with identity work; and (5) future research directions vis-à-vis career paths and career choices.