Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGING OF PHIBSS z ∼ 2 MAIN-SEQUENCE GALAXIES IN CO J = 1 → 0

We present Karl Jansky Very Large Array observations of the CO J = 1 − 0 ? > transition in a sample of four z ∼ 2 ? > main-sequence galaxies. These galaxies are in the blue sequence of star-forming galaxies at their redshift, and are part of the IRAM Plateau de Bure HIgh-z Blue Sequence Survey which imaged them in CO J = 3 − 2 ? > . Two galaxies are imaged here at high signal-to-noise, allowing determinations of their disk sizes, line profiles, molecular surface densities, and excitation. Using these and published measurements, we show that the CO and optical disks have similar sizes in main-sequence galaxies, and in the galaxy where we can compare CO J = 1 − 0 ? > and J = 3 − 2 ? > sizes we find these are also very similar. Assuming a Galactic CO-to-H2 conversion, we measure surface densities of &Sgr; mol ∼ 1200 ? > M ⊙ ? > pc−2 in projection and estimate &Sgr; mol ? > ∼ 500–900 M ⊙ ? > pc−2 deprojected. Finally, our data yields velocity-integrated Rayleigh–Jeans brightness temperature line ratios r31 that are approximately at unity. In addition to the similar disk sizes, the very similar line profiles in J = 1 − 0 ? > and J = 3 − 2 ? > indicate that both transitions sample the same kinematics, implying that their emission is coextensive. We conclude that in these two main-sequence galaxies there is no evidence for significant excitation gradients or a large molecular reservoir that is diffuse or cold and not involved in active star formation. We suggest that r31 in very actively star-forming galaxies is likely an indicator of how well-mixed the star formation activity and the molecular reservoir are.
A Review of Energy Efficiency Measures in Commercial Buildings: The Case of Lebanon

Lebanon suffers from a chronic problem of electricity shortages, and therefore power outages are common. Electricite du Liban (EDL) - the national electricity provider - covers 61% of the total electricity demand, while 58% of private households and nearly 100% of commercial and industrial enterprises are using back-up generation as an alternative power supply. With the escalation of the electricity supply crisis, several solutions and mitigation plans have been put into action with a total estimated cost of $6.52 billion covering infrastructure, supply, and legal framework. This paper focuses on energy efficiency measures within the commercial sector, which accounts for more than 20% of Lebanon’s energy consumption. A literature review is used to formulate a set of hypotheses highlighting the factors that will positively affect the success of an energy efficiency program adopted by businesses in the commercial sector in Lebanon. This paper is part of an ongoing research project which examines user behavior modifications via questionnaires, interviews, and case study analysis with decision-makers and end-users.
An Empirical Examination of Ownership Structure, Earnings Management and Growth Opportunities in Mexican Market

This paper analyses the influence of ownership structure, board and leverage on the earnings management when companies either face, or do not face, profitable growth opportunities for a sample of 90 listed Mexican firms during the period 2005-2009. The results confirm the relevance of debt and board of directors in terms of earnings management by showing a positive relationship between earnings management and both board of directors and leverage in the presence of growth opportunities. In contrast, this relationship becomes negative when firms have no profitable investment projects. The results also demonstrate the relevance of controlling shareholders on earnings management under a growth opportunity setting.Therefore, our results show that ownership structure, composition and size of board and leverage play a dual role: reduce the earnings management when there are no investments projects, but impact positively in presence of growth opportunities.
Observation of the ionospheric storm of October 11, 2008 using FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC data

The electron density profiles retrieved from the COSMIC radio occultation measurements were examined in order to estimate the possibility of its use as additional data source to study changes in electron density distribution occurred during ionospheric storms. The ionosphere behaviour during moderate geomagnetic storm which occurred on October 11, 2008 was analysed. The short-duration positive effect was revealed distinctly in GPS TEC and ionosonde measurements. For the European mid-latitude region it reached the factor of 2 or more relative to the undisturbed conditions. COSMIC data were analyzed and their validity was tested by comparison with ground-based measurements. It was shown the good agreement between independent measurements both in quiet and disturbed conditions. Analysis of COSMIC-derived electron density profiles revealed changes of the bottom-side and topside parts of the ionosphere.
BIODEGRADABLE ELECTRICAL INTERCONNECTS FOR TRANSIENT IMPLANTABLE SYSTEMS

This study presents the development and characterization of biodegradable electrical interconnects comprising biodegradable conductive polymer composites for use in transient implantable systems. The biodegradable conductive polymer composites were developed using iron (Fe) microparticles as the conductive filler and polycaprolactone (PCL) as the insulating matrix. The electrical resistivity and the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the composites were investigated during physiological degradation. The electrical percolation threshold was found at 17% iron volume fraction, but higher volume fractions exhibited more stable electrical resistivity throughout the time course of degradation. An electrical lifetime of over 20 days was achieved with 40% Fe composites, where the average resistivity was 0.3 Ω·cm. Adhesion tests under physiological aging conditions were also performed. Biodegradable electrical interconnects based on 40%vf Fe-PCL composites were successfully micropattened in daisy-chain structures to illustrate process compatibility of these materials.
Factors influencing temporal changes in chemical composition of biogenic deposits in the middle Tążyna River Valley (Kuyavian Lakeland, central Poland)

Abstract The present paper discusses the influence of geochemical properties on biogenic deposits in the Wilkostowo mire near Toruń, central Poland. The analysed core has allowed the documentation of environmental changes between the older part of the Atlantic Period and the present day (probably interrupted at the turn of the Meso- and Neoholocene). In order to reconstruct the main stages in the sedimentation of biogenic deposits, we have used stratigraphic variability of selected litho-geochemical elements (organic matter, calcium carbonate, biogenic and terrigenous silica, macro- and micro-elements: Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni). The main litho-geochemical component is CaCO3; its content ranges from 4.1 per cent to 92 per cent. The variability of CaCO3 content reflects mainly changes in hydrological and geomorphological conditions within the catchment area. The effects of prehistoric anthropogenic activities in the catchment of the River Tążyna, e.g., the use of saline water for economic purposes, are recorded in a change from calcareous gyttja into detritus-calcareous gyttja sedimentation and an increased content of lithophilous elements (Na, K, Mg and Ni) in the sediments. Principal component analysis (PCA) has enabled the distinction the most important factors that affected the chemical composition of sediments at the Wilkostowo site, i.e., mechanical and chemical denudation processes in the catchment, changes in redox conditions, bioaccumulation of selected elements and human activity. Sediments of the Wilkostowo mire are located in the direct vicinity of an archaeological site, where traces of intensive settlement dating back to the Neolithic have been documented. The settlement phase is recorded both in lithology and geochemical properties of biogenic deposits which fill the reservoir formed at the bottom of the Parchania Canal Valley.
Impurity Binding Energyin Quantum Dots with Parabolic Confinement in the Presence of Electric Field

We present an efficient method for calculation of the impurity binding energy in a quantum dot with parabolic confinement in the presence of the electric field. The unknown wave function is expanded into a basis of one-dimensional harmonic oscillator states describing the electron's movement perpendicular to the plane of quantum well. Green's function technique used to calculate the coefficients of the expansion. Binding energy of impurity states is defined as poles of the wave function. Developed method applied to calculation of impurity binding energy for different position of impurity and the intensity of electric field.
Dynamic Basestation Antenna Design for Low Energy Networks

A challenge faced by the information and communications technology (ICT) industry is the growing data volume and associated energy consumption. How to both meet a dynamic tra-c demand at a consistently low energy consumption level is of importance from both commercial and climate change perspectives. This paper proposes a dynamic basestation concept that allows the number of active sectors to be adjusted in accordance with the tra-c load. This is achieved through a novel switchable antenna design that can adjust the azimuth beam-width by using a tuneable re∞ector. Simulation and theoretical results show that the dynamic basestation can reduce the total operational energy of a cellular network by a peak of 75% and a mean of 38%.
The influence of autocorrelation on the ability to detect trend in hydrological series

This study investigated using Monte Carlo simulation the interaction between a linear trend and a lag‐one autoregressive (AR(1)) process when both exist in a time series. Simulation experiments demonstrated that the existence of serial correlation alters the variance of the estimate of the Mann–Kendall (MK) statistic; and the presence of a trend alters the estimate of the magnitude of serial correlation. Furthermore, it was shown that removal of a positive serial correlation component from time series by pre‐whitening resulted in a reduction in the magnitude of the existing trend; and the removal of a trend component from a time series as a first step prior to pre‐whitening eliminates the influence of the trend on the serial correlation and does not seriously affect the estimate of the true AR(1). These results indicate that the commonly used pre‐whitening procedure for eliminating the effect of serial correlation on the MK test leads to potentially inaccurate assessments of the significance of a trend; and certain procedures will be more appropriate for eliminating the impact of serial correlation on the MK test. In essence, it was advocated that a trend first be removed in a series prior to ascertaining the magnitude of serial correlation. This alternative approach and the previously existing approaches were employed to assess the significance of a trend in serially correlated annual mean and annual minimum streamflow data of some pristine river basins in Ontario, Canada. Results indicate that, with the previously existing procedures, researchers and practitioners may have incorrectly identified the possibility of significant trends. Copyright © Environment Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mapping the suitability of groundwater dependent 1 vegetation in a semi-arid Mediterranean area 2 3

Mapping the suitability of groundwater dependent vegetation in semi-arid Mediterranean areas is 15 fundamental for the sustainable management of groundwater resources and groundwater dependent 16 ecosystems (GDE) under the risks of climate change scenarios. For the present study the distribution of 17 deep-rooted woody species in southern Portugal was modeled using climatic, hydrological and 18 topographic environmental variables; and the density of Quercus suber, Quercus ilex and Pinus pinea 19 were used as proxy species of Groundwater Dependent Vegetation (GDV). Model fitting was performed 20 between the proxy species Kernel density and the selected environmental predictors using 1) a simple 21 linear model and 2) a Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), to account for auto-correlation of the 22 spatial data and residuals. When comparing the results of both models, the GWR modelling results 23 showed improved goodness of fitting, as opposed to the simple linear model. Climatic indices were the 24 main drivers of GDV density closely followed by groundwater depth, drainage density and slope. 25 Groundwater depth did not appear to be as pertinent in the model as initially expected, accounting only 26 for about 7% of the total variation against 88% for climate drivers 27
Estimation of Arctic land-fast ice cover based on dual-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR imagery

Abstract. Here a method for estimating the land-fast ice (LFI) extent from dual-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR mosaics of an Arctic study area over the Kara and Barents seas is presented. The method is based on temporal cross-correlation between adjacent daily SAR mosaics. The results are compared to the LFI of the Russian Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) ice charts. Two versions of the method were studied: in the first version (FMI-A) the overall performance was optimized, and in the second version (FMI-B) the target was a low LFI misdetection rate. FMI-A detected over 73 % of the AARI ice chart LFI, and FMI-B a little over 50 % of the AARI ice chart LFI. During the winter months the detection rates were higher than during the melt-down season for both the studied algorithm versions. An LFI time series covering the time period from October 2015 to the end of August 2017 computed using the proposed methodology is provided on the FMI ftp server. The time series will be extended twice annually.
Towards Improving the Quality of Mobile App Reviews

Mobile app reviews are gaining importance as a crowd source to improve the quality of mobile apps. Mobile app review systems are providing a platform for users to share their experiences and to support in decision making for a certain app. Developers, on the other side, are utilizing the review system to get real-life user experience as a source of improving their apps. This paper has analyzed existing review system and proposed few recommendations for the current review system to improve the quality of app reviews. The proposed review system can help for collection and analysis of user reviews to make it more meaningful with less intensive data mining techniques. The proposed system can help the end users to get an overview of mobile apps. The recommendations in this paper are derived from the existing literature related to app reviews and will help to improve the current review systems for better app reviews from users as well as developers perspective.
IS6110 element distribution in Tunisian clinical strains and phylogenetic relationship generated by its mobility

The dynamics of IS 6110 transposition is a valuable epidemiological tool in tuberculosis studies. In the present work, we studied IS 6110 distribution along the genome of 58 unrelated clones and go over phylogenetic relationship between them by performing a molecular study with GL-PCR methodology. A total number of 309 insertion sites have been detected showing that IS 6110 integration in samples studied crossed randomly several positions through the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome. These sites were divided into 232 sequences having homologous in reference strains mainly in M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain and 77 other unique regions that did not have counterparts in reference strains fully sequenced and available in global databases. Most insertions occurred in coding regions. 114 insertions took place in the direction of the replication fork and 118 insertions were oriented against the direction of the replication fork, carried by the complementary strand of the chromosome. No clustered patterns have been illustrated. Several genetic statistical tests have been performed with language R package software to study the distribution and the symmetry of IS 6110 insertion events. Our data confirm that IS 6110 element prevalence and effect on genome function demonstrate the potential of this transposon as an evolutionary marker and as the best indicator of essential/virulence genes. In fact, survey of patterns of IS 6110 insertions in circulating isolates may provide useful information for populational studies mainly in epidemic situations.
Schooling, Labour Force Quality and the Growth of Nations: Comment

Hanushek and Kimko (2000) concluded that, for a sample of nearly 80 countries, the quality of the labour force is significantly positively related to economic growth rates for the period 1960-1990 and is more important that mean years of schooling. In this paper, we further test the robustness of their result by firstly including in the original model a proxy for labour force health, and secondly by re-estimating the model for a later sample period. We conclude that the findings of Hanushek and Kimko are not robust to these changes. In particular, their measure of labour force quality is significantly but negatively related to economic growth rates for the later sample period.
Informing Design through Parametric Integrated Structural Simulation: Iterative structural feedback for design decision support of complex trusses

The paper describes the development, testing, and initial findings of a design tool that generates parametrically defined, semi-automatically analyzed, and visualized structural performance of specific truss designs. The prototypical design tool provides structural truss solutions for spans of uniform to non-uniform surface curvatures. Real-time visual structural performance feedback enables the designer to more rapidly develop viable and potentially more efficient designs under user defined load conditions. The research methodology is an example of reinforcing structural learning and intuition within the design process. The research presents findings of the impact of iterative and interactive structural feedback through the development of a parametrically integrated structural truss analysis tool for aiding in design decision support.
Circulating nucleic acids in blood as biomarkers

This short review on a rapidly expanding domain in biomarkers focuses on the value of markers derived from either circulating intracellular DNA and RNA (leukocytes) or from free DNA and RNA in plasma or serum. In circulating intracellular DNA biomarkers, importance has been pointed to reside in the ever increasing number of SNPs directly related to disease such as hemochromatosis or associated with genetic make up that leads to different drug-susceptibility. Quantitative gene expression profiling, increasingly using global expression platforms, is gaining momentum in various disease states such as cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Circulating free nucleic acids in plasma or serum gain in importance as biomarkers particularly in cancer and foeto-maternal understanding. The surprising recent findings of circulating free mRNA carries the potential of examining normal and diseased plasma for global gene expression profiling – opening avenues to new biomarkers. When appropriate, this review gives reference to methodological considerations and refers the readers to important literature in the fields I denne korte oversiktsartikkelen redegjores det for et biomarkorfelt som utvikler seg hurtig. Gjennom en blodprove kan man fa kjennskap til forandringer i sirkulerende leucocytter, intracellulaere nukleinsyrer (DNA og RNA) og fritt DNA og RNA fra plasma eller serum. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) i DNA har allerede bekreftet sine muligheter som biomarkorer (f.eks. Hemokromatose, Faktor V Leiden, Cytochrom P450 (CYP’er)). Stadig flere SNP’er vinner innpass i klinisk sammenheng. Siden sirkulerende hvite blodlegemer kan sies kontinuerlig a overvake kroppens organer og vev, og dette avspeiles i disse blodcellers genekspresjon (RNA), knyttes det i dag forventninger til sykdomsspesifikke genekspresjonsprofiler. Bade ved visse kreftformer, betennelsestilstander og hjertekar-sykdom viser hvite blodlegemer mer eller mindre tydelig sykdomsspesifikke genekspresjonsprofiler. Denne type sykdomsspesifikke genekspresjonsmarkorer vil bli okende viktig fremover. Ved slike markorer vil man kunne ha nytte av kvantitativ maling av enkeltmarkorer, og ogsa globale genekspresjonsprofiler pa mikroarray-plattformer. Sirkulerende fritt DNA og kanskje saerlig RNA i plasma apner for nye sykdomsmarkorer i forste rekke ved forskjellige kreftformer og ved foeto-maternelle problemstillinger. Oversikten gir ogsa en henvisning til metodologiske referanser i disse feltene.
Online Prediction of Ship Behavior with Automatic Identification System Sensor Data Using Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network

The real-time prediction of ship behavior plays an important role in navigation and intelligent collision avoidance systems. This study developed an online real-time ship behavior prediction model by constructing a bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent neural network (BI-LSTM-RNN) that is suitable for automatic identification system (AIS) date and time sequential characteristics, and for online parameter adjustment. The bidirectional structure enhanced the relevance between historical and future data, thus improving the prediction accuracy. Through the “forget gate” of the long short-term memory (LSTM) unit, the common behavioral patterns were remembered and unique behaviors were forgotten, improving the universality of the model. The BI-LSTM-RNN was trained using 2015 AIS data from Tianjin Port waters. The results indicate that the BI-LSTM-RNN effectively predicted the navigational behaviors of ships. This study contributes significantly to the increased efficiency and safety of sea operations. The proposed method could potentially be applied as the predictive foundation for various intelligent systems, including intelligent collision avoidance, vessel route planning, operational efficiency estimation, and anomaly detection systems.
The relationship between personal characteristics, communication, and job satisfaction

In this study, staff job satisfaction were evaluated according to their personality differences by assessing five personality factors, based on NEO-FFI scoring and those components, which are directly associated with job satisfaction. In this regard, three data collection tools including communication satisfaction questionnaires, job descriptions index and five personality trait questionnaire were used. Based on the findings there was a positive and significant relationship between job satisfaction and personality traits (r = 0.97), and job satisfaction was depended on communication satisfaction. This research showed that communication satisfaction and job satisfaction could be predicted based on the five personality traits, which are nervousness, extraversion, empiricism, responsibility, and compatibility with others.