Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Spice-Compatible Macromodel for Field Coupling to Multiconductor Transmission Lines Based on the Analog Behavioral Modeling

An accurate and efficient time-domain macromodeling algorithm based on the analog behavioral modeling (ABM) and generalized method of characteristics is proposed to calculate current and voltage responses of multiconductor transmission lines (MTLs) to incident field coupling. The proposed macromodel adopts the frequency response table of Laplace-domain elements in ABM library of Spice solvers to model the characteristic impedance (or admittance) and propagation operator of transmission lines and calculate the convolution in the time domain. Time-domain convolution is implemented by the solver, without the need of delay extraction and rational approximation for the MTLs solution. Compared with the existing algorithms for calculating the responses of incident field coupling to MTLs, the proposed algorithm largely simplifies the modeling and simulation process while ensuring stable responses, especially for long MTLs. Besides, it is also applicable and efficient to solve the case of nonlinear terminal elements, directly in the time domain. Several numerical examples of single conductor, two conductors, and three-phase 35 kV power transmission lines loaded with nonlinear metal oxide arresters are studied. The calculation results and CPU times are compared with those of other existing algorithms to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the method proposed in this paper.
Composition, Roughness, and Topography from Radar Backscatter at Selk Crater, the Dragonfly Landing Site

The Selk crater region is the future landing site of NASA’s Dragonfly mission to Titan. The region was imaged by the Cassini RADAR at incidence angles from 5° to 72° and at various polarization angles. Using this data set, we mapped six terrain units and assembled a backscatter curve for each, providing normalized backscatter cross section (σ 0) as a function of incidence angle. By fitting these backscatter curves with a sum of a quasi-specular and diffuse terms and evaluating three alternative formulations of the first and two for the second, we extracted the best-fit surface effective dielectric constant, rms slope, and scattering albedo. Although the parameters’ absolute values are model dependent, relative values between terrains indicate real variations in surface properties. The results are consistent with the impact exposing and fracturing a low-loss tangent material such as the water-ice bedrock, which is likely also present in the hummocky terrains and to a lesser degree in the plains and interdune regions. The dunes and dark terrains are composed of smooth, uniform material with low dielectric constant (1.5–2.3 median values for all models) compatible with organic sand. A diffuse single-scattering model enabled independent derivation of the dielectric constant from high-incidence observations, leading to low values (<2) over all terrains, indicating a depolarizing (sub)surface. Finally, radarclinometry revealed lateral variations in rim height, which remains below 300 m along the SARTopo profile but reaches up to 600 m at other locations, hinting at a rim less eroded than previously thought.
Moving finite elements

This book is mainly concerned with finite element methods for time-dependent partial differential equations when the grids are allowed to move in time, but also describes grid generation techniques which include grid adjustment. The mechanism for grid movement derives from a generalization of the residual minimization technique which is familiar from the Galerkin finite element method. The book brings together most of the work done over the last decade or so which has been stimulated by Miller's original idea, and discusses the interrelationships between the techniques of the method and the established ideas of the method of characteristics, Hamilton's equations, the Legendre transformation, and grid equidistribution. The book highlights the issues involved and should provide the reader with a clear view of the current state of the subject and prompt further research.
A study on Detecting the Safety helmet wearing using YOLOv5-S model and transfer learning

Occupational safety accidents are caused by various factors, and it is difficult to predict when and why they occur, and it is directly related to the lives of workers, so the interest in safety accidents is increasing every year. Therefore, in order to reduce safety accidents at industrial fields, workers are required to wear personal protective equipment. In this paper, we proposes a method to automatically check whether workers are wearing safety helmets among the protective equipment in the industrial field. It detects whether or not the helmet is worn using YOLOv5, a computer vision-based deep learning object detection algorithm. We transfer learning the s model among Yolov5 models with different learning rates and epochs, evaluate the performance, and select the optimal model. The selected model showed a performance of 0.959 mAP.
Labour Market Agglomeration Economies In The Context of Skill Heterogeneity: Evidence From England ∗

Beneﬁts from agglomeration economies are not uniform across a local labour market, but in fact exhibit signiﬁcant heterogeneity along the dimension of occupational skills. We build on recent attempts to explore this notion by conducting a skill-based sub-sample analysis of the urban wage premium. We ﬁnd that occupational skill proﬁles oriented towards analytical skills enjoy the highest urban wage premium, while those oriented towards physical and collaboration skills do not seem to enjoy any substantial urban wage premium.
Insights from Engineering a Community-Family Partnership Project

Amber Simpson is a Assistant Professor of Mathematics Education in the Teaching, Learning and Educational Leadership Department at Binghamton University. Her research interests include (1) examining individual’s identity(ies) in one or more STEM disciplines, (2) understanding the role of making and tinkering in formal and informal learning environments, and (3) investigating family engagement in and interactions around STEM-related activities. Before joining BU, she completed a post-doctoral fellow-ship at Indiana University-Bloomington. She earned a Ph.D. in mathematics education from Clemson University. and research revolve around the role of identity, culture and power in STEM education. Speciﬁcally, her research utilizes critical theoretical perspectives and methods to examine how power & identity/culture of students and educators interact within learning spaces and inﬂuence student learning and student success in STEM, especially of marginalized and underrepresented students. Abstract The objective of this three-year National Science Foundation’s Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (NSF-ITEST) project is to develop, implement, and refine a program for integrating engineering design practices with an emphasis on emerging technologies (i.e., making, DIY electronics) into home environments of families with a child in grade 3-6 from under-resourced communities. This project has two components. Each family (1) defines a home- or community-based problem and creates a prototype to improve the lives of self or others; and (2) engages in low-cost engineering design kits in their home environments. This paper presents findings from two years of interview data, as well video data collected in project sessions and home environments from 21 families. Results are presented as highlights of finding from on-going analyses to address three research aims.
Classification of COVID-19 on Chest X-Ray Images Through the Fusion of HOG and LPQ Feature Sets

Covid-19 is a contagious disease that affects people's everyday life, personal health, as well as a nation's economy. COVID-19 infected individuals, according to a clinical study, are most usually contaminated with a severe condition after coming into a primary infection. The chest radiograph (also known as the chest X-ray or CXR) or a chest CT scan is a more reliable imaging method for diagnosing COVID-19 infected individuals. This article proposed a novel technique for classifying CXR scan images as healthy or affected COVID-19 by fusing the features extracted using Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and Local Phase Quantization (LPQ). This research is an experimental study that employed 7232 CXR images from a COVID-19 Radiography dataset as training and testing data. As a result, by using both individual and fused feature extraction methodologies, a developed model was created and fed into the machine learning techniques. The testing results reveal that the improved architecture outperforms current methods for identifying COVID-19 patients in terms of accuracy rate, which reached 97.15 %. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.
Phoenix Dactylifera L. Ağacı Meyvesi Sıçanlarda Doksorubisinin Neden Olduğu Kalp Hasarına Karşı Oksidatif Stres İnhibisyonu Yoluyla Kardiyoprotektif Etki Göstermektedir ÖZET

Introduction: Phoenix Dactylifera L (PDL) is a fruit containing a rich source of nutrients and bioactive molecules. Doxorubicin is a widely used agent, especially in the treatment of solid cancers. However, cardiotoxicity is one of its most challenging side effects. The present study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of PDL extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Patients and Methods: A total of 24 albino Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Phoenix Dactylifera L (PDLG) and Phoenix Dactylifera L + doxorubicin (PDXG) groups were strictly fed PDL for two weeks. The control group (CG) and the doxorubicin group (DOXG) were fed a standard diet. During this time, 5 mg/kg of doxorubicin was injected intraperitoneally to DOXG and PDXG once a day. Results: Administration of doxorubicin to the DOXG significantly increased tissue oxidative stress parameters and caused the cardiac biomarker troponin-I (TP-I) to be released into the circulation; on the contrary, the levels of potent antioxidants such as total glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase significantly decreased in DOXG compared to the other three groups. However, feeding purely with PDL decreased oxidative stress parameters and TP-I levels in PDXG animals, despite exposure to doxorubicin. Additionally, an excessive decrease of tissue antioxidants was prevented when compared to the DOXG. Histopathological damage signs, such as necrosis and hemorrhage, were severe in the DOXG. However, in the PDXG animals, feeding with PDL provided the integrity of the heart tissue structure. Conclusion: PDL was able to improve the cardiotoxic consequences of doxorubicin biochemically and histopathologically, possibly due to its antioxidant properties.
In vitro Preservation by Encapsulation of Shoot Tips of Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult. as a Rare Medicinal Plant

– Aerva lanata (Linn) belongs to the family Amaranthaceae is a rare perennial shrub or erect herb growing in the Gabal Elba protected southeast corner of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. In order to increase the demand for medicinal wild plants in the drug industry, care must be taken to the necessity of preserving those plants, especially rare ones. An efficient method of in vitro propagation, synthetic seed production protocol was established for the conservation of A. lanata . Shoot tips excised from in vitro the proliferated shoots were encapsulated in calcium alginate beads. A gelling matrix of 3% sodium alginate and 100mM calcium chloride was found the most suitable for formation of ideal calcium alginate beads. Shoot tips have been preserved in calcium alginate beads containing calcium alginate for five months. Three matrices; water, medium of Murashige and Skoog and medium of Murashige and Skoog containing 3% sucrose and measured for storage at 24 ± 2 and 4C°. The regeneration efficiency of A. lanata shoot tips encapsulated was investigated. On the Murashige and Skoog medium, 100% viability and high regrowth percentage and productivity of recovered shoot tips were observed at 4°C in all examined alginate matrices. Murashige and Skoog medium with sucrose, however, were considered superior. Rooting was carried out under the same medium and 73.3% of regenerated plantlets under greenhouse conditions were effectively hardened. The regeneration ability and regrowth of encapsulated shoot tips during storage are decreased on a monthly basis. The derived protocol can be used successfully to retain encapsulated A. lanata shoot tips for five months at 4°C without any growth regulator treatments. The encapsulation technique could also be used as an alternative method of propagation and support the conservation of the desired elite genotype of A. lanata by cost-effect germplasm.
Design methodology for high‐speed synchronous reluctance machines

This study presents two design methodologies for high-speed synchronous reluctance (REL) machines. The interest for high-speed drives comes from the request for compactness and high efficiency. The synchronous REL motors have been widely studied for several applications, but a coherent design procedure for high speed has not been proposed in the literature. The study proposes some analytical procedures to get an initial design. Then the rotor geometry optimisation through a differential evolution algorithm is described. Finally, a design example is given and thoroughly analysed using these two approaches.
Signiﬁcant Events of Interhemispheric Atmospheric Mass Exchange: Composite Structure and Evolution

The various modes of atmospheric mass redistribution characterize the principal variations of the general circulation of the atmosphere. Interhemispheric exchanges of atmospheric mass occur with considerable regularity on subseasonal time scales. Observational evidence from previous studies indicates that anomalous and persistent regional atmospheric mass distributions (e.g., atmospheric blocking) may often be related to interhemispheric atmospheric mass exchange. Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis surface pressure, signiﬁcant events when the Northern Hemisphere (NH) loses dry atmo- spheric mass on subseasonal time scales during the boreal winter from 1968 to 1997 are identiﬁed. A total of 25 events is found, with a preferred time scale of 9 days from the time of maximum to minimum NH dry atmospheric mass. The linear correlation coefﬁcient between the dry atmospheric mass anomalies for the NH and Southern Hemisphere (SH) is (cid:50) 0.91 for the 25 events, indicating very strong interhemispheric compensation and increasing conﬁdence in the suitability of the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis dataset for the study of interhemispheric dry atmospheric mass exchange. Positive sea level pressure anomalies are found over northern Eurasia, the North Paciﬁc, and the North Atlantic prior to the onset of the composite NH dry atmospheric mass collapse event. Over northern Eurasia the building of the Siberian high is found to be a statistically signiﬁcant precursor to the events. The breakdown of NH dry atmospheric mass occurs in association with the decay of the positive atmospheric mass anomaly in the North Paciﬁc as a cyclone deepens explosively in the Gulf of Alaska. Pressure surges over Southeast Asia and North America, associated with statistically signiﬁcant positive atmospheric mass anomalies, are mechanisms that act to channel the atmospheric mass equatorward out of the NH extratropics on a rapid time scale ( (cid:59) 4 days). The dry atmospheric mass increase in the SH is manifested as enhanced surface ridging over the South Paciﬁc and south Indian Oceans, two noted regions of atmospheric blocking.
Comparing Halcon and Detectron2 for detecting impurities in pig 1 intestines used as natural sausage casings

11 Pig intestines used as natural sausage casings are currently cleaned and then sent from Europe to 12 China for manual quality control and grading. This process can be made greener by automation that 13 removes the need for transport. A suitable machine now exists, able to check the casings for leaks 14 and to grade and cut them to standard lengths. The one remaining quality control process is 15 checking for impurities left by the cleaning process. A sophisticated vision system and a deep 16 learning system is needed. 17 After preliminary lighting tests, images of cleaned pig intestines destined for sausage casings were 18 examined manually for impurities. Pixels depicting impurities were labelled and mask impurity 19 images produced as "ground truth". Two deep learning methods were applied in order to predict the 20 areas of impurities in these images: Halcon with SOLOv2 semantic segmentation and Detectron2 21 with Mask-R-CNN instance segmentation. Despite the over-abundance of background pixels, both 22 algorithms learned the segmentation. Detectron2 was more accurate but Halcon found more of the 23 impurities, which was attributed to the difference between the segmentation types: semantic vs 24 instance. Since the aim of this work is to produce clean intestines for use in the food industry, false 25 positives are more acceptable than false negatives, so Halcon was chosen. 26
Ultra – short-wave diathermy shortens the course of moderate and severe COVID-19: a randomized trial

Question: Is ultra-short-wave diathermy (USWD) safe and effective in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ? Design: Single-centre, evaluator-blinded, two-arm, parallel design, randomized controlled clinical trial. Participants: Moderate and severe COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory syndrome. Intervention: USWD for 10 minutes twice daily for 12 consecutive days along with standard medical treatment (USWD group, n = 25), versus standard medical treatment alone (control group, n = 25). Outcome measures: The primary outcomes were the duration of recovery and negative conversion rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Secondary outcomes included clinical status (seven-category ordinal and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) scores), computed tomography (CT), routine blood tests, and adverse events. Results: Time to clinical recovery (USWD 36.84±9.93 vs. control 43.56±12.15, P = 0.037) was significantly shortened with a between-group difference of 6.72 days. Clinical status was improved with significant between-group differences on day 28 (SIRS, P = 0.011; seven-category scale, P = 0.003). The rate of RNA negative conversion at days 7 (P = 0.066), 14 (P = 0.239), 21 (P = 0.269), and 28 (P = 0.490) was statistically insignificant. Moreover, insignificant differences were observed in the artificial intelligence-assisted CT analysis. No treatment-associated adverse events or worsening of pulmonary fibrosis were observed. Conclusion: USWD, as adjunctive therapy, shortened the recovery course and improved clinical status of patients with COVID-19 without aggravating pulmonary fibrosis. the findings are limited due to the small sample size and early termination.
Association between plasma phospholipid saturated fatty acids and metabolic markers of lipid, hepatic, inflammation and glycaemic pathways in eight European countries

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that individual circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are heterogeneous in their associations with cardio-metabolic diseases, but evidence about associations of SFAs with metabolic markers of different pathogenic pathways is limited. We aimed to examine the associations between plasma phospholipid SFAs and the metabolic markers of lipid, hepatic, glycaemic and inflammation pathways. Methods: We measured nine individual plasma phospholipid SFAs and derived three SFA groups (odd-chain: C15:0 + C17:0, even-chain: C14:0 + C16:0 + C18:0, and very-long-chain: C20:0 + C22:0 + C23:0 + C24:0) in individuals from the subcohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study across eight European countries. Using linear regression in 15,919 subcohort members, adjusted for potential confounders and corrected for multiple testing, we examined cross-sectional associations of SFAs with 13 metabolic markers. Multiplicative interactions of the three SFA groups with pre-specified factors, including body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption, were tested. Results: Higher levels of odd-chain SFA group were associated with lower levels of major lipids (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB)) and hepatic markers (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)). Higher even-chain SFA group levels were associated with higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), TC/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, triglycerides, ApoB, ApoB/A1 ratio, ALT, AST, GGT and CRP, and lower levels of HDL-C and ApoA1. Very-long-chain SFA group levels showed inverse associations with triglycerides, ApoA1 and GGT, and positive associations with TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, ApoB and ApoB/A1. Associations were generally stronger at higher levels of BMI or alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Subtypes of SFAs are associated in a differential way with metabolic markers of lipid metabolism, liver function and chronic inflammation, suggesting that odd-chain SFAs are associated with lower metabolic risk and even-chain SFAs with adverse metabolic risk, whereas mixed findings were obtained for very-long-chain SFAs. The clinical and biochemical implications of these findings may vary by adiposity and alcohol intake.
Some properties of Faber-Walsh polynomials

Walsh introduced a generalisation of Faber polynomials to certain compact sets which need not be connected. We derive several equivalent representations of these Faber-Walsh polynomials, analogous to representations of Faber polynomials. Some simple asymptotic properties of the Faber-Walsh polynomials on the complement of the compact set are established. We further show that suitably normalised Faber-Walsh polynomials are asymptotically optimal polynomials in the sense of [Eiermann and Niethammer 1983].
Highly structured Asian D. melanogaster populations - a new tool for hitchhiking mapping?

Mark-recapture experiments showed that D. melanogaster has high dispersal capabilities. Consistent with a highly migratory species, only very low levels of differentiation were described for D. melanogaster populations from the same continent. We re-investigated the population structure in D. melanogaster using 49 polymorphic markers in 23 natural populations. While European and American D. melanogaster populations showed very low differentiation, Asian D. melanogaster populations were highly structured. Despite the high differentiation of Asian flies we confirm that all non-African populations are derived from a single colonization event. We propose that the availability of D. melanogaster populations with high and low population structure provides a novel tool for the identification of ecologically important adaptations by hitchhiking mapping.
Lithium-ion battery thermal-electrochemical model-based state estimation using orthogonal collocation and a modiﬁed extended Kalman ﬁlter

This paper investigates the state estimation of a high-ﬁdelity spatially resolved thermal-electrochemical lithium-ion battery model commonly referred to as the pseudo two-dimensional model. The partial-diﬀerential algebraic equations (PDAEs) constituting the model are spatially discretised using Chebyshev orthogonal collocation enabling fast and accurate simulations up to high C-rates. This implementation of the pseudo-2D model is then used in combination with an extended Kalman ﬁlter algorithm for diﬀerential-algebraic equations to estimate the states of the model. The state estimation algorithm is able to rapidly recover the model states from current, voltage and temperature measurements. Results show that the error on the state estimate falls below 1 % in less than 200 s despite a 30 % error on battery initial state-of-charge and additive measurement noise with 10 mV and 0.5 K standard deviations.