Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Warped product contact CR-submanifolds of Sasakian space forms

In this paper 1 we study contact CR products (in the sense of B.Y.Chen [19]) in Sasakian manifolds. We show that a contact CR submanifold M of a Sasakian manifold with ξ ∈ D and with parallel f -structure P is a CR-product of an integral curve of ξ and a φ-anti-invariant submanifold of f M . If M is a strictly proper contact CR-product in S with ||B|| = √ 6, then M is the Riemannian product between S and S and up to a rigid transformation of R the embedding is given by r : S × S −→ S ↪→ R, r(x1, y1, x2, y2, u, v) = (x1u, y1u, −y1v, x1v, x2u, y2u, −y2v, x2v). Then we prove that if M = N×fN is a warped CR-submanifold such that N⊥ is φ-anti-invariant and N is φ-invariant, then M is a CR-product. We show that the second fundamental form of a contact CR warped product of a Sasakian space form satisfies a ”good” inequality, namely ||B|| ≥ 2p ||∇ ln f || −∆ ln f + c+3 2 s+ 1 .
A note on \linepenalty

This article analyzes the effect of the line-breaking parameter \linepenalty. First, its rôle in the problem of typesetting a text in one line or in two lines is studied theoretically. Then the effect of different values for \linepenalty are demonstrated for longer paragraphs. Finally, \linepenalty is compared to \looseness.
GO/rGO as Reinforcing Nanofiller in Carbon Fiber/Epoxy
Resin Composite Systems

Interfacial interactions between matrix and reinforcement of composites influences greatly in final properties of the material. Carbon Fibers are characterized for to have low interactions with resins when forming a composite material. In the present study, 0.3 wt% of GO/rGO were incorporated in three systems of epoxy resin/carbon fiber as reinforcing fillers, trying to profit the chemical affinity between aromatics structures of GO/rGO and polar interactions with epoxy resin. GO/rGO were characterized by XPS, TGA was performed on carbon fiber, epoxy resins and composites obtained and SEM was utilized to observe composite samples in detail once mechanical tests were conducted. Composites experienced noticeable enhancements by employing Bisphenol Epoxy (BP) cured with methyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride (MCHDA) as matrix and carbon fiber of 300 g/cm2 as reinforcement; Youngs modulus, rupture stress and elongation to fail- ure increased almost twofold compared to non-modified composites by adding GO in the system and even superior boosts can be appreciated with rGO, which additionally improves the flexural stress from 14.6 to 30.1 GPa
Task-set Inhibition And Aging: New Insights From The Dual Mechanisms Control Theory

With the increasing proportion of older adults in the population, the maintenance of autonomy in everyday functioning is of growing importance. To this end, cognitive aging researchers have identified executive functions, including attentional switching, inhibition, and updating, to be key factors in everyday functioning. A current model of cognitive control, Dual Mechanisms of Control theory (DMC; Braver, Gray, & Burgess, 2007) postulates two basic mechanisms. Proactive control involves goal maintenance and conflict resolution based upon preceding cue information, whereas reactive control resolves conflicts based upon immediate stimulus characteristics. The prior research indicates age-related variance in executive functions is related to age-related declines in proactive control. The overall aim of this dissertation is to examine DMC processes in one particular executive function, task switching, which is essential for efficient multi-tasking and entails task-set inhibition (TSI) to smoothly transition from one task to the next (Mayr & Keele, 2000; Mayr, 2001). Previous work suggests that TSI requires proactive control (Mayr, 2007), which declines with aging, yet the empirical support for age differences in TSI is mixed. Therefore, in Study 1, healthy young (n = 28) and older adults (n = 22) were compared on a task switching paradigm, in which TSI was assessed under high (flanker trials) and low (unflanked trials) reactive control task contexts. The results show age-equivalent TSI effects in low reactive control, but young adults showed larger TSI in high reactive control. In Study 2 (Expt. 1: nYA = 25, nOA = 25; Expt. 2: nYA = 25, nOA = 25), age-related TSI effects were examined across four conditions that varied along a proactive-reactive control continuum. A key aspect of this design was that the four task contexts were intermixed, thereby compelling participants to adopt a global control strategy that was either reactive (Expt. 1) or proactive (Expt. 2). In line with Study 1, the overall results of Study 2 indicate that TSI effects are observable in reactive control task contexts. Additionally, young and older adults showed differential modulation of the dual control processes to match the global task context. In Experiment 2 when the task context was more proactive, older adults exhibited more TSI than young adults. Taken together, these results suggest that age-related TSI effects are contingent on the age-related utilization of the dual control processes, which in turn are influenced by the global task context.
Two-dimensional kinematics of SLACS lenses - IV. The complete VLT-VIMOS data set ⋆

This paper presents the full Very Large Telescope (VLT)/VIMOS-IFU data set and related data products from an ESO Large Programme with the observational goal of obtaining two-dimensional kinematic data of early-type lens galaxies, out to one effective radius. The sample consists of 17 early-type galaxies (ETGs) selected from the SLACS gravitational-lens survey. The galaxies cover the redshift range from 0.08 to 0.35 and have stellar velocity dispersions between 200 and 350 km s-1. This programme is complemented by a similar observational programme on Keck, using long-slit spectroscopy. In combination with multi-band imaging data, the kinematic data provide stringent constraints on the inner mass profiles of ETGs beyond the local Universe. Our Large Programme thus extends studies of nearby ETGs (e.g. SAURON/ATLAS3D) by an order of magnitude in distance and towards higher masses. We provide an overview of our observational strategy, the data products (luminosity-weighted spectra and Hubble Space Telescope images) and derived products (i.e. two-dimensional fields of velocity dispersions and streaming motions) that have been used in a number of published and forthcoming lensing, kinematic and stellar-population studies. These studies also pave the way for future studies of ETGs at z ≈ 1 with the upcoming extremely large telescopes. In fact, one system, J1250B, was downgraded to grade B ('possible lens') in Bolton et al. (2008). The SLACR package can be obtained from the first author on request.
Young people on the move: A study about young Europeans who participate in European Voluntary Service.

The primary aim of this study is to investigate young people´s motives and expectations for participating in the action two “European Voluntary Service” (EVS) under the Youth In Action programme supported by the European Commission at the youth center Villa Elba in Finland. The study also aims to identify which competences the young people think they have developed through EVS. The study consists of one group interview and one focus group interview with ten EVS volunteers in total who accomplish short-term EVS and long term EVS during one month respectively nine months. The methodology is based upon a qualitative research approach and in order to reach a better understanding of the respondents’ motives for participating in EVS, the theories modernity, reflexive project of the self and the individualized society were chosen. The study is also based upon background information about EVS and earlier research. The results indicate that the EVS volunteers’ main motives for participating in EVS were: acquiring new skills, meet new people, and experience an adventure in another country. The most common competence developments turned out to be in the areas of language, social and initiative skills. Moreover, the study demonstrates that many young people in Europe face difficulties in getting into the labour market and becoming independent. The main reason is the economic recession which has severely affected the situation for young people in Europe and this is also confirmed by earlier research. Even though the respondents had positive opinions about their EVS project, criticism was raised towards the European Union´s ideas of creating a feeling of European Citizenship through programmes such as EVS.
Identifying Changes in Punitive Transcriptional Factor Binding Sites Created by PPAR α/δ/γ SNPs Associated with Disease

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the PPARα/δ/γ genes that have been previously found to be significantly associated with human disease or a condition were also found to alter the genes punitive transcriptional factor binding sites (TFBS). Two alleles (C/G) of the PPARα SNP (rs1800206) were found to generate 7 common and 8 unique punitive TFBS. One of the unique TFBS created by the minor G (0.02) allele is for the T-Box 4 (TBX4) transcription factor which is associated with heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension. Two alleles (A/G) of the PPARδ SNP (rs2016520) were found to generate 20 unique punitive TFBS while the two alleles (C/G) of the PPARδ SNP (rs9794) were found to generate 11 common and 11unique punitive TFBS. The alleles of the PPARγ SNPs (rs10865710, rs12629751, rs709158, rs1805192 and rs3856806) were found to generate 15, 12, 16, 2 and 21 common and 9, 4, 12, 4 and 7 unique punitive TFBS, respectively. These changes in TFBS are discussed with relation to alterations in gene expression that may result in disease or change in human condition.
Assessing the mechanisms governing the daytime evolution of marine stratocumulus using large‐eddy simulation

Large‐eddy simulation (LES) output for a case of thin stratocumulus off the coast of California is examined in a mixed‐layer analysis framework to identify the specific mechanisms responsible for governing the evolution of the cloud system. An equation for cloud‐base height tendency isolates the individual cloud‐modulating mechanisms that control the evolution of boundary‐layer liquid‐water static energy (Sl) and total water mixing ratio (qT). With a suitable spin‐up procedure, the control simulation performs admirably compared with observed estimates of liquid water content, vertical velocity variance, and radiative fluxes sampled during an aircraft field campaign. Investigation of the cloud response to various environmental forcing scenarios was addressed through a suite of sensitivity simulations, including variations in subsidence velocity, surface fluxes, wind shear near the inversion, and radiative forcing. In the control simulation, rising cloud‐base tendencies are associated with entrainment warming/drying and short‐wave absorption, whereas lowering cloud‐base tendencies are driven by long‐wave cooling. Even in the presence of substantial afternoon solar heating, entrainment fluxes remained active. The thin cloud demonstrated unexpected resiliency, with mixed‐layer analysis indicating that, as the short‐wave flux decreases later in the afternoon, the relative contribution of long‐wave cooling often becomes large enough to offset entrainment warming/drying and result in a reversal of cloud‐base tendency. The evolution of cloud‐base tendency is found to be insensitive to the net radiative flux divergence for most of the simulations (liquid water path ranging from ~10–50 g/m2). Error analysis in comparison with LES Sl and qT budgets suggests that our method of entrainment flux calculation could be improved by a more complete understanding of entrainment‐layer physics.
The Evolution of the Circumstellar and Interstellar Medium Around Massive Stars

Abstract Throughout their lives massive stars modify their environment through their ionizing photons and strong stellar winds. Here, I present coupled radiation-hydrodynamic calculations of the evolution of the bubbles and nebulae surrounding massive stars. The evolution is followed from the main sequence through the Wolf-Rayet stage and shows that structures are formed in the ISM out to some tens of parsecs radius. Closer to the star, instabilities lead to the breakup of swept-up wind shells. The photoevaporated flows from the resulting clumps interact with the stellar wind from the central star, which leads to the production of soft X-rays. I examine the consequences for the different observable structures at all time and size scales and evaluate the impact that the massive star has on its environment.
Cystic ﬁbrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene screening and clinical correlation in Taiwanese males with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens

BACKGROUND: In Taiwan, an area with a very low incidence of cystic ﬁbrosis (CF), we ﬁrst screened for the most common mutations of the cystic ﬁbrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ( CFTR ) gene and looked for clinical correlations in 27 patients with clinically diagnosed congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). METHODS AND RESULTS: The clinical results showed that none of the 27 patients had CF symptoms. We did not detect any deﬁnite renal anomaly ultrasonographically. Mutation analysis was carried out on these 27 cases and 46 normal fertile males as controls. No mutations of D F508 or R117H were identiﬁed in any of the samples analysed. In the screening of IVS8-poly T, ﬁve of the 27 CBAVD patients showed the homozygous genotype for 5T/5T, 14 showed the heterozygous genotype for 5T/7T and eight showed the homozygous genotype for 7T/7T. The frequency of 5T alleles was 44.4%, which was signiﬁcantly higher than in the 46 normal fertile males, for which there was a 5T frequency of 5.4%. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of major mutations of CFTR genes could be related to the much lower CF incidence in Taiwan. Further investigations into differences in the mutation spectrum of other CFTR genes are needed for a better understanding of the
The ribonuclease DIS 3 promotes let-7 miRNA maturation by degrading the pluripotency factor LIN 28 B mRNA

Multiple myeloma, the second most frequent hematologic tumor after lymphomas, is an incurable cancer. Recent sequencing efforts have identified the ribonuclease DIS3 as one of the most frequently mutated genes in this disease. DIS3 represents the catalytic subunit of the exosome, a macromolecular complex central to the processing, maturation and surveillance of various RNAs. miRNAs are an evolutionarily conserved class of small noncoding RNAs, regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Ribonucleases, including Drosha, Dicer and XRN2, are involved in the processing and stability of miRNAs. However, the role of DIS3 on the regulation of miRNAs remains largely unknown. Here we found that DIS3 regulates the levels of the tumor suppressor let-7 miRNAs without affecting other miRNA families. DIS3 facilitates the maturation of let-7 miRNAs by reducing in the cytoplasm the RNA stability of the pluripotency factor LIN28B, a inhibitor of let-7 processing. DIS3 inactivation, through the increase of LIN28B and the reduction of mature let-7, enhances the translation of let-7 targets such as MYC and RAS leading to enhanced tumorigenesis. Our study establishes that the ribonuclease DIS3, targeting LIN28B, sustains the maturation of let-7 miRNAs and suggests the increased translation of critical oncogenes as one of the biological outcomes of DIS3 inactiva-
Influence Maximization with Local Observations

We consider an online influence maximization problem in which a decision maker selects a node among a large number of possibilities and places a piece of information at the node. The information then spreads in the network on a random set of edges. The goal of the decision maker is to reach as many nodes as possible, with the added complication that feedback is only available about the degree of the selected node. Our main result shows that such local observations can be sufficient for maximizing global influence in two broadly studied families of random graph models: stochastic block models and Chung–Lu models. With this insight, we propose a bandit algorithm that aims at maximizing local (and thus global) influence, and provide its theoretical analysis in both the subcritical and supercritical regimes of both considered models. Notably, our performance guarantees show no explicit dependence on the total number of nodes in the network, making our approach well-suited for large-scale applications.
Testing predictions about the processing of word stress in reading using event-related potentials

ABSTRACT Both computational models of English reading that generate word stress predict a processing advantage for words with initial syllable stress. They differ, however, on whether they process words incrementally and learn nonlinear spelling-stress relationships. Two experiments using event-related potentials were used to investigate these predictions. The first examined trisyllabic stimuli. Differences found on P200 and N400 components suggested a processing advantage for words with initial syllable stress. The second examined root morphemes within words that have high frequency suffixes that are stress predictive. A processing advantage on the N400 component was found with root morphemes that typically have initial syllable stress, even when the whole-word stress pattern differed. This provides evidence that stress is generated incrementally, where it is assigned to parts of words as they are processed, and that stress assignment is not necessarily affected by high frequency nonlinear relationships.
Novel Adaptive Gripping Device for Tasks Requiring Fine Motor Control

2 Acknowledgements . 3 Executive Summary . 4 Introduction and Background . 4 Need and Current Adaptive Devices . 4 Design and Manufacturing . 5 Testing and Results . 6 Discussion and Conclusion . 6 Table of
Education Mismatch, Human Capital and Labour Status of Young People Across European Union Countries

This paper analyses the influence of country-level education mismatch on the individual-level relationship between education and the probability of being unemployed or staying in alternative labour statuses, for young people aged 15–34 in 2006, 2008 and 2010, living in 21 EU countries. We assume that young people may fall in five labour market statuses: 1) Employee;2) Self-employed; 3) Unemployed; 4) In Education; 5) Inactive, and perform a multinomial logit model to study the effects of years of education on relative probability of being in labour statuses 2, 3, 4, or 5, compared to the base category (Employee). Afterwards, we interact the individual-level years of education with a country-level indicator of education mismatch in order to identify the heterogeneous effects of the aggregate mismatch among people with different educational attainments. Results show that more years of education: i) reduce the relative probability of being unemployed; ii) have a cumulative effect by extending the period of education; iii) slightly raise the relative probability to be self-employed. As regards country-level education mismatch, we found that only after 2008 it produces an additional effect on better educated young people by further reducing their relative unemployment risk when it is compared to that of low educated youngsters. This outcome tells us that improving access to university degrees remains the main road to tackle youth unemployment caused by education mismatch, even after the outburst of the current financial and economic crisis.
A dual-wavelength spread spectrum-based spectroscopic system For time-domain near-infrared diffuse optical imaging

We advance our previous research on spread spectrum spectroscopy by adding spectroscopic functionality using a custom-made optical transceiver. The new transceiver module features a 680nm communications-grade verticalcavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and matches the performance of commercial 10Gb/s optical transceivers, which allow for a sub-ns instrument response. The optical power of the VCSEL can be software-adjusted up to 2mW with ∼40μA driving current resolution. This module, combined with a commercially available Gigabit optical transceiver at 850nm, allows us to derive information about the optical properties of tissue-equivalent phantoms and the concentration of various haemodynamic parameters in in vivo measurements.
Shelf life of minimally processed carrot and green pepper

As perdas pos-colheita de alimentos horticolas justificam a adocao de tecnicas de conservacao. Uma vez beneficiados, esses produtos permitem agregar valor a producao primaria e se tornam de conveniencia ao consumidor. Este trabalho teve como objetivo definir as metodologias do processamento minimo de cenoura e pimentao quanto ao tipo e intensidade de adocao das tecnicas de barreiras e monitorar os produtos apos o processamento, atraves de analises microbiologica, fisico-quimica e nutricional. As hortalicas foram lavadas e sanificadas com hipoclorito de sodio, 100 mg L-1 de cloro livre, durante 15 min em agua refrigerada (7oC), e a seguir centrifugadas por 5 min. O produto foi acondicionado em sacos plasticos com filme BOPP/PEBD (polipropileno biorientado/polietileno de baixa densidade), selados sob ar atmosferico, vacuo e atmosfera modificada (2% O2, 10% CO2 e 88% N2), e a seguir armazenados a 1oC±1oC. A composicao centesimal das hortalicas permaneceu estavel durante o periodo de armazenamento, nos tres tratamentos testados. Os teores de vitamina C, para as amostras de cenoura e pimentao minimamente processados, nao apresentaram diferencas entre os tratamentos. Os teores de b-caroteno diminuiram ligeiramente durante o periodo de armazenamento para a cenoura e pimentao minimamente processados. Apos o processamento, a cenoura e o pimentao obtiveram contagens para psicrotroficos de 102-105 e 103-106 UFC g-1, respectivamente. Foram constatados anaerobios mesofilos e coliformes totais em pimentoes, da ordem de 1,6x103 a 7,4x105 e <10/g a 7,4x105, respectivamente. Nas cenouras, nao foram detectados coliformes totais e fecais, anaerobios mesofilos e Salmonella em nenhum dos tratamentos. Salmonella nao foi detectada nos pimentoes.