Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Satellite image classification by narrowband Gabor filters and artificial neural networks

Satellite image segmentation is an important task to generate classification maps. Land areas are classified and clustered into groups of similar land cover or land use by segmentation of satellite images. It may be broad classification such as urban, forested, open fields and water or may be more specific such as differentiating corn, soybean, beet and wheat fields. One of the most important among them is partitioning the urban area to different regions. On the other hand Multi-Channel filtering is used widely for texture segmentation by many researchers. This paper describes a texture segmentation algorithm to segment satellite images using Gabor filter bank and neural networks. In the proposed method feature vectors are extracted by multi-channel decomposition. The spatial/spatial-frequency features of the input satellite image are extracted by optimized Gabor filter bank. Some important considerations about filter parameters, filter bank coverage in frequency domain and the reduction of feature dimensions are discussed. A competitive network is trained to extract the best features and to reduce the feature dimension. Eventually a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) is employed to accomplish the segmentation task. Our MLP uses the sigmoid transfer function in all layers and during the training, random selected feature vectors are assigned to proper classes. After MLP is trained the optimized extracted features are classified into sections according to the textured land cover regions.
Synergetic Influences of Mixed-Host Emitting Layer Structures and Hole Injection Layers on Efficiency and Lifetime of Simplified Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

UNLABELLED We used various nondestructive analyses to investigate various host material systems in the emitting layer (EML) of simple-structured, green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to clarify how the host systems affect its luminous efficiency (LE) and operational stability. An OLED that has a unipolar single-host EML with conventional poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) ( PEDOT PSS) showed high operating voltage, low LE (∼26.6 cd/A, 13.7 lm/W), and short lifetime (∼4.4 h @ 1000 cd/m(2)). However, the combined use of a gradient mixed-host EML and a molecularly controlled HIL that has increased surface work function (WF) remarkably decreased operating voltage and improved LE (∼68.7 cd/A, 77.0 lm/W) and lifetime (∼70.7 h @ 1000 cd/m(2)). Accumulated charges at the injecting interfaces and formation of a narrow recombination zone close to the interfaces are the major factors that accelerate degradation of charge injection/transport and electroluminescent properties of OLEDs, so achievement of simple-structured OLEDs with high efficiency and long lifetime requires facilitating charge injection and balanced transport into the EML and distributing charge carriers and excitons in EML.
Conceptual model for adaptable and extensible visual data exploration

Interactive visual representations complement traditional statistical and machine learning techniques for data analysis, allowing users to play a more active role in a knowledge discovery process and making the whole process more understandable. Though visual representations are applicable to several stages of the knowledge discovery process, a common use of visualization is in the initial stages to explore and organize a sometimes unknown and complex data set. In this context, the integrated and coordinated-that is, user actions should be capable of affecting multiple visualizations when desired-use of multiple graphical representations allows data to be observed from several perspectives and offers richer information than isolated representations. In this paper we propose an underlying model for an extensible and adaptable environment that allows independently developed visualization components to be gradually integrated into a user configured knowledge discovery application. Because a major requirement when using multiple visual techniques is the ability to link amongst them, so that user actions executed on a representation propagate to others if desired, the model also allows runtime configuration of coordinated user actions over different visual representations. We illustrate how this environment is being used to assist data exploration and organization in a climate classification problem.
Real-Time Elastic Deformations of Soft Tissues for Surgery Simulation

We describe a novel method for surgery simulation including a volumetric model built from medical images and an elastic modeling of the deformations. The physical model is based on elasticity theory which suitably links the shape of deformable bodies and the forces associated with the deformation. A real time computation of the deformation is possible thanks to a preprocessing of elementary deformations derived from a finite element method. This method has been implemented in a system including a force feedback device and a collision detection algorithm. The simulator works in real time with a high resolution liver model.
Adherence therapy following acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: A randomised controlled trial in Thailand

Background: Up to 50% of patients with schizophrenia are non-adherent with antipsychotic medication. Aims: To establish the efficacy of adherence therapy (AT) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) in improving clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia following an acute exacerbation of illness. Method: A parallel-group, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Fieldwork was conducted in Thailand. Patients received eight weekly sessions of AT in addition to TAU. The primary outcome was improvement in psychopathology (measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)) at 26-week follow-up. Secondary outcomes included patient attitudes towards medication, global functioning and side-effects. Results: In total, 70 inpatients with schizophrenia were recruited to the trial. At 26-week follow-up, PANSS total scores improved in the AT compared to the TAU group by a mean of −3.94 points (effect size = 0.24). The number needed to treat (NNT) was 5. There was no significant effect on patients’ attitudes towards treatment, functioning or medication side-effects. No treatment-related adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: AT improves psychopathology in Asian patients with schizophrenia following an acute exacerbation of illness.
The Relationship Between Type and Quality of Social Support and HIV Medication Adherence

Abstract In the last 10 years HIV has become a disease that can be effectively managed using antiretroviral medications. However, many factors affect adherence, including demographics, income, housing, mental health issues, and access to health care, as well as types and quality of social support. This paper summarizes results regarding specific sources of social support that are part of a larger, randomized study of medication adherence among people with HIV/AIDS. Results summarize findings from 98 program participants and include information regarding support from partners, family and health care providers, as well as the impact of support from these sources on medication adherence. Among participants in this study, those with higher levels of social support from partners demonstrated higher rates of medication adherence. Those who received more social support from their families, however, reported significantly lower adherence rates. These results suggest that efforts to improve medication adherence need to address the diverse types of social support networks of people diagnosed with HIV/AIDS.
Surviving, healing and moving forward: Journeys towards resilience among Canadian Cree adults

Background: Canadian First Nations (FN) people have experienced and continue to experience significant adversities, yet many demonstrate aspects of resilience. Aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to specifically understand Cree adults’ meanings and mechanisms of resilience following maltreatment. Methods: Ten Cree adults were interviewed individually. Modified grounded theory was used to interpret the transcribed interviews. Results: Participants discussed resilience as a journey of ‘survival’ and ‘overcoming’ and pathways to healing that were multifactorial and included traditional teachings. Conclusion: Mental health providers should consider and incorporate these mechanisms into treatment for Cree people, when appropriate, to aid recovery.
OP06 Well London: Results of a Cluster-Randomised Trial of a Community Development Approach to Improving Health Behaviours and Mental Wellbeing in Deprived Inner-City Neighbourhoods

Background Few public health interventions combining modification of the social and built environment with individual-level health promotion have been robustly evaluated in the UK. Well London is an assets-based community development programme designed to improve physical activity, healthy eating and mental wellbeing in highly deprived inner-city communities. The programme, delivered between 2007 and 2011, comprised a mix of projects delivering traditional health promotion, community development and changes to the physical neighbourhood environment. The objectives of the study are to: (i) determine the effectiveness of Well London for improving healthy eating, physical activity and mental wellbeing in deprived inner-city communities; (ii) examine the effects in population subgroups linked to health inequalities in the UK. Methods We used a pair-matched, cluster-randomised trial with 20 control neighbourhoods matched within London boroughs to 20 programme delivery neighbourhoods. The trial outcomes in adult residents (aged ≥16 years) were collected using a structured electronic household survey, administered by fieldworkers to 100 randomly sampled residents in each intervention and control neighbourhood. The main outcome measures were: physical activity: meeting UK Chief Medical Officer-recommended five sessions of 30 minutes moderate intensity activity per week (self-report International Physical Activity Questionnaire); healthy eating: eating at least five portions of fruit/vegetables per day (food frequency questionnaire from the Health Survey for England); and mental wellbeing: abnormal score on 12-item General Health Questionnaire; Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale score. Results The baseline survey in 2008 showed that the intervention and control populations are comparable on socio-demographic/economic characteristics and primary trial outcomes. At baseline, 37% of adults met the five-a-day (healthy eating), 60% met the five-a-week (physical activity), and 18% reported experiencing anxiety or depression. Results from the follow-up survey will be available in April 2012. We will present the effects of Well London on the primary outcomes and subgroup analyses by gender, age, ethnicity and level of education. Conclusion In a health system where less than 1% of the research budget is spent on primary preventive interventions for non-communicable diseases, robust evidence about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of upstream interventions is essential for action on health inequalities and reductions in healthcare spending recommended by the Marmot Review (2010) and the Wanless report (2004).
Mental health clinicians’ beliefs about the causes of psychosis: Differences between professions and relationship to treatment preferences

Background: Previous evidence suggests that how an individual conceptualises the cause of a health problem can impact on subsequent perceptions and behaviour. Aims: This study explored the beliefs about the causes of psychosis in a group of mental health professionals. The study also sought to examine the relationship between causal beliefs and the perceived helpfulness of different treatments. Methods: A total of 219 clinicians completed a questionnaire about the provision of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and antipsychotic medication for their clients who were experiencing psychosis and their opinions about the helpfulness of these treatments. Causal beliefs were also assessed. Results and conclusions: Clients were twice as likely to be offered medication compared to CBT. Clinicians held a multifactorial model of aetiology, but were more likely to endorse psychosocial causes than biological factors. Clinicians with psychosocial beliefs were more likely to rate CBT as effective, whereas those with biological models were more likely to endorse the helpfulness of medication. Clinicians adopt a multi-causal approach when conceptualising the aetiology of psychosis and these beliefs were related to opinions about the helpfulness of treatment. Beliefs about the aetiology of their client’s experiences could blind clinicians to the benefits of offering different approaches.
Family inclusion in mental health services: Reality or rhetoric?

Background: Contemporary mental health policies require family inclusion in the design, implementation and evaluation of services. Materials: This scoping review considers the factors in mental health practice which either mediate or promote family inclusion. A wide range of factors are reported to obstruct family inclusion, while a smaller number of studies report that meaningful family inclusion rests on a partnership approach which values the input of families and services users. Discussion: When it comes to family inclusion, there is a gap between policy and service delivery practice. Changes in service delivery attitudes, values and culture are necessary to meaningfully and systematically include families and service users.
Dynamic Processor Self-Scheduling for General Parallel Nested Loops

A processor self-scheduling scheme is proposed for general parallel nested loops in multiprocessor systems. In this scheme, programs are instrumented to allow processors to schedule loop iterations among themselves dynamically at run time without involving the operating system. The scheme has two levels. At the low level, it uses simple fetch-and-op operations to take advantage of the regular structure in the innermost parallel loop nests; at the high level, the irregular structure of the outer loops (parallel or serial) and the IF-THEN-ELSE constructs are handled by using dynamic parallel linked lists. The larger granularity or the processes at the high level easily justifies the added overhead incurred from maintaining such dynamic data structures. The use of guided self-scheduling (GSS) and shortest-delay self-scheduling (SDSS) in this scheme is analyzed. >
Clock Skew Optimization

Improving the performance of a synchronous digital system by adjusting the path delays of the clock signal from the central clock source to individual flip-flops is investigated. Using a model to detect clocking hazards, two linear programs are investigated: (1) minimizing the clock period, while avoiding clock hazards, and (2) for a given period, maximizing the minimum safety margin against clock hazard. These programs are solved for a simple example, and circuit simulation is used to contrast the operation of a resulting circuit with the conventionally clocked version. The method is extended to account for clock skew caused by relative variations in the drive capabilities of N-channel versus P-channel transistors in CMOS. >
A Role for α11β1 Integrin in the Human Periodontal Ligament

We previously demonstrated a role for α11β1 integrin in periodontal ligament (PDL)-driven tooth eruption in the mouse. To explore a possible role for α11β1 in the human periodontium, we have characterized the expression and function of α11 in human PDL tissue, in human PDL fibroblasts (hPDLF), and in human gingival fibroblasts (hGF). α11 expression was detected in PDL tissue, in hPDLF, and in hGF cells. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB and insulin-like growth factor II stimulated contraction of collagen lattices by both types of fibroblasts. α2 integrin blocking antibodies and the use of α11 siRNA demonstrated a role for both α2β1 and α11β1 in collagen lattice remodeling. Analysis of the proximal ITGA11 promoter from persons with chronic periodontal disease failed to reveal any polymorphism. Analysis of our data shows that α11β1 is a major collagen receptor on cultured human PDL cells and implies that it is also functionally important in the PDL in vivo.
Surfactant Release from Hydrophilized Vinylpolysiloxanes

Vinylpolysiloxane impression materials (VPS) exhibit an apolar (hydrophobic) backbone chemistry. Hence, surfactants are added to improve their hydrophilicity for impression-taking in moist environments. However, the mechanisms at the liquid-VPS-interface regarding the surfactant are unknown. We hypothesized that surfactant is leached from the VPS. Four experimental VPS formulations were fabricated containing 0 (control), 1.5, 3, and 5 wt% non-ionic surfactant. Samples were prepared (n = 6) and contact angles determined 30 min after mixing. After 60 sec, droplets were transferred onto the control. Mass spectrometry was used to analyze the droplets. Contact angles were inversely correlated with the surfactant concentration (p < 0.05). Droplets transferred from hydrophilized specimens onto the control showed similar contact angles. Surfactant could be clearly identified inside the droplets from the hydrophilized samples, however, not inside the control. Surfactants reduced the surface tension of the liquid in contact and did not change the surface properties of the VPS itself.
Odontoblast TRP Channels and Thermo/Mechanical Transmission

Odontoblasts function as mechanosensory receptors because of the expression of mechanosensitive channels in these cells. However, it is unclear if odontoblasts direct the signal transmission evoked by heat/cold or osmotic changes. This study investigated the effects of heat/cold or osmotic changes on calcium signaling and the functional expression of the thermo/mechanosensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in primary cultured mouse odontoblastic cells, with the use of RT-PCR, fluorometric calcium imaging, and electrophysiology. TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPM3 mRNA was expressed, but TRPM8 and TRPA1 mRNA was not. The receptor-specific stimulation of TRPV1-3 (heat-sensing receptors) and TRPV4/ TRPM3 (mechanic receptors) caused increases in the intracellular calcium concentration. Moreover, the channel activities of TRPV1-4 and TRPM3 were confirmed by a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. These results suggest that primary cultured mouse odontoblasts express heat/mechanosensitive TRP channels and play a role in the underlying mechanisms of thermo/mechanosensitive sensory transmission.
Occupational Therapists’ and Patients’ Perceptions of ABILHAND, a New Assessment Tool for Measuring Manual Ability

The aim of this study was to explore and describe how occupational therapists (OTs) and patients perceived ABILHAND, a new assessment tool for measuring manual ability, in order to evaluate it in terms of content validity and clinical utility in stroke rehabilitation in Sweden. Three main steps were followed to achieve the study goal. First, ABILHAND was translated, and second OTs used ABILHAND with patients admitted for occupational therapy intervention. Finally, in the third step, which aimed to evaluate the content validity and clinical utility of ABILHAND, focus-group interviews were used as a qualitative method of research. The results indicate that ABILHAND might benefit from adjustments to improve content validity. The results also show that standardization for clinical administration is necessary, the production of a manual is essential and the development of a user-friendly computer program for processing data is desirable. An additional finding in this study is an insight into the clinical reasoning of the OTs, which resulted in two conclusions. First, OTs need to discuss and learn more about central concepts in occupational therapy, and second they need to learn more about standardized assessment and how tests are developed and used.
Dynamic Scheduling of Hard Real-Time Tasks and Real-Time Threads

The authors investigate the dynamic scheduling of tasks with well-defined timing constraints. They present a dynamic uniprocessor scheduling algorithm with an O(n log n) worst-case complexity. The preemptive scheduling performed by the algorithm is shown to be of higher efficiency than that of other known algorithms. Furthermore, tasks may be related by precedence constraints, and they may have arbitrary deadlines and start times (which need not equal their arrival times). An experimental evaluation of the algorithm compares its average case behavior to the worst case. An analytic model used for explanation of the experimental results is validated with actual system measurements. The dynamic scheduling algorithm is the basis of a real-time multiprocessor operating system kernel developed in conjunction with this research. Specifically, this algorithm is used at the lowest, threads-based layer of the kernel whenever threads are created. >
Update on Dental Nanocomposites

Dental resin-composites are comprised of a photo-polymerizable organic resin matrix and mixed with silane-treated reinforcing inorganic fillers. In the development of the composites, the three main components can be modified: the inorganic fillers, the organic resin matrix, and the silane coupling agents. The aim of this article is to review recent studies of the development of dental nanocomposites and their clinical applications. In nanocomposites, nanofillers are added and distributed in a dispersed form or as clusters. For increasing the mineral content of the tooth, calcium and phosphate ion-releasing composites and fluoride-releasing nanocomposites were developed by the addition of DCPA-whiskers or TTCP-whiskers or by the use of calcium fluoride or kaolinite. For enhancing mechanical properties, nanocomposites reinforced with nanofibers or nanoparticles were investigated. For reducing polymerization shrinkage, investigators modified the resin matrix by using methacrylate and epoxy functionalized nanocomposites based on silsesquioxane cores or epoxy-resin-based nanocomposites. The effects of silanization were also studied. Clinical consideration of light-curing modes and mechanical properties of nanocomposites, especially strength durability after immersion, was also addressed.
Comparing Two Functional Programming Systems

A technique is presented for comparing the performance of functional languages with different evaluation strategies running on different machines. A set of small benchmarks is used, and th execution times of these programs running in the functional language and in the implementation language of the functional system are compared. The ratio of these execution times measured how well the functional system used the resources of the underlying hardware and implementation language. Also two functional programming systems are described. One system is a graph reduction interpreter for lambda calculus. The other is a DEL-style intermediate instruction set architecture for FP. The benchmarks in FP and the performances of the two systems on these benchmarks are presented. >