Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subfunctionalizationof Sigma Factors during the Evolutionof Land Plants Based onMutant Analysis of Liverwort ( Marchantia polymorpha L . ) MpSIG 1

Sigmafactor is a subunitofplastid-encodedRNApolymerase that regulates the transcriptionofplastid-encodedgenesby recognizing asetofpromoters. Sigmafactorshave increased incopynumberandhavediversifiedduring theevolutionof landplants,butdetailsof thisprocess remainunknown.Liverworts represent thebasalgroupofembryophytesandareexpected to retain theancestral features of land plants. In liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha L.), we isolated and characterized a T-DNA-tagged mutant (Mpsig1) of sigma factor 1 (MpSIG1). The mutant did not show any visible phenotypes, implying that MpSIG1 function is redundant with that of other sigma factors. However, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and RNA gel blot analysis revealed that genes related to photosynthesis were downregulated, resulting in the minor reduction of some protein complexes. The transcript levels of genes clustered in the petL, psaA, psbB, psbK, and psbE operons of liverwort were lower than those in the wild type, a result similar to that in the SIG1 defective mutant in rice (Oryza sativa). Overexpression analysis revealed primitive functional divergence between the SIG1 and SIG2 proteins in bryophytes, whereas these proteins still retain functional redundancy. We also discovered that the predominant sigma factor for ndhF mRNA expression has been diversified in liverwort, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and rice. Our study shows the ancestral function of SIG1 and the process of functional partitioning (subfunctionalization) of sigma factors during the evolution of land plants.
Mars Aerosol Tracker (MAT): An Areostationary CubeSat to Monitor Dust Storms and Water Ice Clouds

STORMS AND WATER ICE CLOUDS. L. Montabone, M. VanWoerkom, B. Cantor, M. J. Wolff, M. Capderou, F. Forget, and M. D. Smith. Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO, USA (lmontabone@spacescience.org), ExoTerra Resource LLC, Littleton, CO, USA, Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego, CA, USA, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (CNRS/ENS/IPSL), Paris, France, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA.
Low-visibility forecasts for different flight planning horizons using tree-based boosting models

Abstract. Low-visibility conditions enforce special procedures that reduce the operational flight capacity at airports. Accurate and probabilistic forecasts of these capacity-reducing low-visibility procedure (lvp) states help the air traffic management in optimizing flight planning and regulation. In this paper, we investigate nowcasts, medium-range forecasts, and the predictability limit of the lvp states at Vienna International Airport. The forecasts are generated with boosting trees, which outperform persistence, climatology, direct output of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, and ordered logistic regression. The boosting trees consist of an ensemble of decision trees grown iteratively on information from previous trees. Their input is observations at Vienna International Airport as well as output of a high resolution and an ensemble NWP model. Observations have the highest impact for nowcasts up to a lead time of +2 h. Afterwards, a mix of observations and NWP forecast variables generates the most accurate predictions. With lead times longer than +7 h, NWP output dominates until the predictability limit is reached at +12 d. For lead times longer than +2 d, output from an ensemble of NWP models improves the forecast more than using a deterministic but finer resolved NWP model. The most important predictors for lead times up to +18 h are observations of lvp and dew point depression as well as NWP dew point depression. At longer lead times, dew point depression and evaporation from the NWP models are most important.
Students motivation for engaging in physical activity: Theory for self-determination

This study explored the relationship between self-determination in the regulation of exercise behaviour and stage of change for exercise in student population. The research is conducted on a sample of 1066 respondents randomly selected from several faculties within the University “St. Cyril and Methodius” in Skopje. They completed the Stages of Exercise Scale and the Behaviour Regulation Exercise Questionnaire. Consistent with theoretical predictions, individuals who had been active over a period of time were more self-determined in their behaviour regulation. Exercising to achieve an outcome emerged as the most influential factor in discriminating active participants from inactive ones. The results of the research will serve in building strategies and intervention that will aim to promote feelings of self-determination for exercise in student population. In the basis of the theory of self-determination, such interventions will strive to foster students’ perceptions of choice, personal mastery, fun and excitement from exercise, especially in those who do not have regular physical activity.
Research Directions to Validate Topological Models of Multi-Dimensional Data

Various topological models of multi-dimensional data have been proposed for different applications. One of the main issues is to evaluate how correct these models are given the stochastic nature of the data source typical of exploratory data analysis and machine learning settings. We propose research directions to validate the quality of the Mapper and the Generative Simplicial Complex, two models that compute simplicial complexes from multi-dimensional data.
The Effects of Explicit Teaching of Strategies, Second-Order Concepts, and Epistemological Underpinnings on Students’ Ability to Reason Causally in History

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Parental Educational Investment and Children’s Academic Risk

This study uses exogenous variation in sibling sex composition to estimate the causal effect of sibship size on boys’ probabilities of private school attendance and grade retention. Using the 1990 U.S. Census, we find that for second-born boys, increased sibship size reduces the likelihood of private school attendance by six percentage points and increases grade retention by almost one percentage point. Sibship size has no effect for first-born boys. Instrumental variable estimates are largely consistent across racial groups, although the standard errors are larger for nonwhites as they have smaller sample sizes and this renders them insignificant at traditional alpha levels.
Voltage Stability Analysis in Medium-Voltage Distribution Networks Using a Second-Order Cone Approximation

This paper addresses the voltage stability margin calculation in medium-voltage distribution networks in the context of exact mathematical modeling. This margin calculation is performed with a second-order cone (SOCP) reformulation of the classical nonlinear non-convex optimal power flow problems. The main idea around the SOCP approximation is to guarantee the global optimal solution via convex optimization, considering as the objective function the λ-coefficient associated with the maximum possible increment of the load consumption at all the nodes. Different simulation cases are considered in one test feeder, described as follows: (i) the distribution network without penetration of distributed generation; (ii) the distribution network with penetration of distributed generation; and (iii) the distribution grid with capacitive compensation. Numerical results in the test system demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed SOCP approximation to determine the λ-coefficient. In addition, the proposed approximation is compared with nonlinear tools available in the literature. All the simulations are carried out in the MATLAB software with the CVX package and the Gurobi solver.
Self-Localized Solutions of the Nonlinear Quantum Harmonic Oscillator

We analyze the existences, properties, and stabilities of the self-localized solutions of the nonlinear quantum harmonic oscillator (NQHO) using spectral renormalization method (SRM). We show that self-localized single, dual and triple soliton solutions of the NQHO do exists, however, only single and dual soliton solutions satisfy the necessary Vakhitov and Kolokolov slope condition, therefore triple soliton solution is found to be unstable, at least for the parameter ranges considered. Additionally, we investigate the stability characteristics of the single and dual soliton solutions using a split-step Fourier scheme. We show that single and dual soliton solutions are pulsating during time stepping. We discuss our findings and comment on our results.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus from Calves with Respiratory Disorders

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes economic losses related to a reduction in weight gain of affected animals, veterinary treatment costs, death, etc. One of the important respiratory tract disease viruses is the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). In this study, it is aimed to report the molecular characterization of detected BRSVs. Therefore, nasal samples from three calves in a herd seen severe respiratory disorders were examined for BRSV and other possible viral etiological agents by PCRs and the amplicons were sequenced. In the phylogenetic tree, BRSV circulating in this herd is clustered with the genetic subgroup III BRSVs deposited in GenBank from some other countries. This study on the molecular characterization of BRSV circulating in calves would contribute for future studies on the epidemiology of this infection and the development and/or choice the effective vaccines in Turkey.
Evaluating Graphical Manipulations in Automatically Laid Out LineSets

This paper presents an empirical study to determine whether alterations to graphical features (colour and size) of automatically generated LineSets improve task performance. LineSets are used to visualize sets and networks. The increasingly common nature of such data suggests that having eﬀective visualizations is important. Unlike many approaches to set and network visualization, which often use concave or convex shapes to represent sets alongside graphs, LineSets use lines overlaid on a graph. LineSets have been shown to be advantageous over shape-based approaches. However, the graphical properties of LineSets have not been fully explored. Our results suggest that automatically drawn LineSets can be signiﬁcantly improved for certain tasks through the considered use of colour alongside size variations applied to their graphical elements. In particular, we show that perceptually distinguishable colours, lines of varying width, and nodes of varying diameter lead to improved task performance in automatically laid-out LineSets
Feedback Analysis of PIGAI Online Scoring System in Business English Writing

The study explores the effect of evaluation feedback provided by PIGAI—an extensively-used online automated essay scoring system in China. Case study method is employed for the analysis of 2 groups of 10 sample essays of Business English to compare and discuss the online feedback data. The results show that the PIGAI scoring system highlights the appropriate expressions, enlarges knowledge of synonyms and collocations, and distinguishes confusing words. But there is still room for improvement for its inability to accurately identify errors or provide appropriate suggestions associated with textual coherence and organization unity. Keywords—PIGAI; feedback analysis; business writing; case study
Concentration of 3 H8-methoxypsoralen and its metabolites in the rat lens and eye after a single oral administration

Concentrations of H-8-methoxypsoralen (MOP), its lipidand. water-soluble metabolites, tritiated water, and an insoluble compound have been measured, in rat serum, lens, and. eye tissue by liquid scintillation, thin-layer chromatography, and other thechniques. The radioactivity has been measured in albino and pigmented rats up to 1 week after medication, and. H-8-M0P and metabolite concentrations have been measured in pigmented rats from 10 min to 24 hr after oral administration by stomach tube of a solution of*H-8-MOP (1 mglkg body weight). The animals were kept in the dark. The maximum H-8-M0P concentrations were seen 10 min after medication in all the organs examined. The concentrations (in fJig/kg) at 10 min, 2 hr, and 24 hr, respectively, after medication were: serum, 698, 55, and 0.8; lens, 11.3, 5.2, and 1.4; other eye tissue, 393, 23, and 2.5. Water soluble metabolites might accumulate in the lens, but the absolute concentration is small. There was no accumulation of metabolites in the other organs. The considerable amount of radioactivity still present in tissues 1 week after a single medication was a result of the formation of tritiated water from the degraded H-8-M0P. (INVEST OPHTHALMOL VIS SCI 22:32-36, 1982.)
Cambridge Robotics RoboCup Virtual Rescue Simulation

Rescue simulation provides an effective means of developing robotic techniques, searching strategies and victim detection methods. RoboCup Rescue Virtual Simulation uses ROS and Gazebo to enable advanced multi-agent robotic simulation allowing simulation of rescue situations. It allows the inclusion of multiple types of robots including land and air based robots with a wide range of sensors and actuators. This paper presents a short review of the approach and system developed for the RoboCup Rescue Virtual Simulation challenge and future work to be completed. In particular, we are focusing on using learning techniques to allow robust detection of victims and achieving multi-agent collaboration between land and air based robots. This is the first year of participation of this team in the RoboCup Rescue Virtual Simulation.
Academic GOALS , REPRESENTATIONS , AND STRATEGIES IN A CONCEPT ATTAINMENT TASK : The EPAM Model Fernand Gobet

Any explanation of human performance in cognitive tasks must take account of a broad range of factors. In memory or concept learning tasks these begin, on the stimulus side, with the structure of the task itself and the knowledge that is embedded in it, then move to the subject side to the ways in which subjects interpret the task (their representation of the goal and of the task structure) thence to the strategies they adopt for attacking it, and finally to the capabilities, some of them "built in," some of them acquired through previous learning, that they apply to it (Newell & Simon, 1972, ch. 14).
Interactive Anomaly Identification with Erroneous Feedback

The difficulties in analyzing large and extensive systems necessitate the use of efficient machine-learning tools to identify unknown system anomalies in order to avoid critical problems and ensure high reliability. Given that data logged by a system include unknown anomalies, anomaly identification models aim to simultaneously identify the time of occurrence and the features that contributed to these anomalies. To maximize accuracy, it is important to utilize the data as well as the domain knowledge of the system. However, it is difficult for a system analyst to possess not only machine-learning capabilities but also domain knowledge to incorporate into the model. In this paper, we propose a new anomaly identification framework capable of utilizing feedback based on domain knowledge without requiring any machine-learning capabilities. We also propose a novel method, the so-called rank ensemble method, to improve the accuracy of anomaly identification with erroneous feedback, that is, feedback that includes incorrect information. Our method enables erroneous information to be adaptively ignored by assuming consistency between the data and the user feedback. An intensive parameter study using benchmark datasets and a case study with real vehicle data demonstrate the applicability of our framework.
A DISK AROUND THE PLANETARY-MASS COMPANION GSC 06214-00210 b: CLUES ABOUT THE FORMATION OF GAS GIANTS ON WIDE ORBITS

We present Keck OSIRIS 1.1–1.8 μm adaptive optics integral field spectroscopy of the planetary-mass companion to GSC 06214-00210, a member of the ∼5 Myr Upper Scorpius OB association. We infer a spectral type of L0 ± 1, and our spectrum exhibits multiple signs of youth. The most notable feature is exceptionally strong Paβ emission (EW = −11.4 ± 0.3 Å), which signals the presence of a circumplanetary accretion disk. The luminosity of GSC 06214-00210 b combined with its age yields a model-dependent mass of 14 ± 2 MJup, making it the lowest-mass companion to show evidence of a disk. With a projected separation of 320 AU, the formation of GSC 06214-00210 b and other very low mass companions on similarly wide orbits is unclear. One proposed mechanism is formation at close separations followed by planet–planet scattering to much larger orbits. Since that scenario involves a close encounter with another massive body, which is probably destructive to circumplanetary disks, it is unlikely that GSC 06214-00210 b underwent a scattering event in the past. This implies that planet–planet scattering is not solely responsible for the population of gas giants on wide orbits. More generally, the identification of disks around young planetary companions on wide orbits offers a novel method to constrain the formation pathway of these objects, which is otherwise notoriously difficult to do for individual systems. We also refine the spectral type of the primary from M1 to K7 and detect a mild (2σ) excess at 22 μm using Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer photometry.
Interactive comment on "A high-resolution bedrock map for the Antarctic Peninsula" by M.

We would like to acknowledge M. Morlighem for the constructive comments that point out some important issues which we tried to more adequately address in the revised version of the paper. In particular, we provide a more detailed discussion of the limitations of our approach and stress the importance of regarding it as an ”sophisticated interpolation scheme” rather than a full modelling study, thus addressing both major comments of the reviewer.
Bio-Based Chemicals: Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dimethanol to Tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid Using Hydrotalcite-Supported Gold Catalysts

A new, sustainable catalytic route for the synthesis of tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (THFDCA), a compound with potential application in polymer industry, is presented starting from the bio-based platform chemical 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF). This conversion was successfully achieved via oxidation of tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dimethanol (THFDM) over hydrotalcite (HT)-supported gold nanoparticle catalysts (∼2 wt %) in water. THFDM was readily obtained with high yield (>99%) from HMF at a demonstrated 20 g scale by catalytic hydrogenation. The highest yield of THFDCA (91%) was achieved after 7 h at 110 °C under 30 bar air pressure and without addition of a homogeneous base. Additionally, Au–Cu bimetallic catalysts supported on HT were prepared and showed enhanced activity at lower temperature compared to the monometallic gold catalysts. In addition to THFDCA, the intermediate oxidation product with one alcohol and one carboxylic acid group (5-hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid, THFCA) was.
Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy Psychiatric morbidity among Egyptian breast cancer patients and their partners and its impact on surgical decision-making

Correspondence: Mohamed A El-Hadidy Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, El-Refaay Tower, 45 El-Thorah Street, Mansoura, Egypt Tel +20 100 521 5628 Email elhadidyy@gmail.com Introduction: Psychiatric morbidities, especially cases of anxiety and depression, are prevalent among breast cancer patients and their partners. Patients and methods: Fifty-four early diagnosed breast cancer patients and their partners were compared with 50 healthy couples to assess psychiatric morbidity and the impact of various factors upon patients’ surgical choice. Results: It was found that 18.5%, 22.2%, and 3.7% of husbands had generalized anxiety d isorder, major depressive disorder, and panic disorder, respectively. It was also found that 38.8%, 29.6%, and 9.2% of the patients had major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder, respectively. Depression and anxiety scores were high in both partners in love-based, well-adjusted marriages, within the middle socioeconomic class, and among educated couples. Among the well-known factors related to surgical treatment choice (age, parity, tumor size, pathology, grade, lymph node status), only age and psychological morbidity (in the patients and their partners) had a significant impact on treatment choice. Conclusion: Patients of middle socioeconomic class, the well educated, and those in love-based marriages had a higher likelihood of suffering different types of psychological morbidities and were more likely to choose breast conservation or reconstruction than mastectomy.
Design of XOR Photonic Gate using Highly Nonlinear Fiber

In this paper, a comprehensive design and simulation of an all-photonic XOR logic gate is proposed. The design is based on the third-order Kerr nonlinear effect in highly nonlinear fiber, i.e., utilizing the self-phase and cross-phase modulations phenomena. This work presents the first photonic logic gate based on highly nonlinear fiber component only that achieves a data rate of 20 Gbps. Moreover, the design is based on two input binary bit sequences, narrow pulsed by a Gaussian distribution as 8-bit incoming data streams. Also, optical cross connectors with different coupling coefficients are used to generate pump and probe signals and tuneable optical band pass filters are leveraged to perform the logic gate functionalities. Remarkable performance outcomes are concluded from the eye pattern diagram and bit error rate analyzers. Simulation results show that the proposed XOR optical logic gate design is achieved at very low power penalties, low bit error rates, a significant Q-factor, and high extinction ratios as compared to existing methods.