Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Confidence in State and Rural Local Governments in India

Performance of political institutions (governments), working at different levels of the hierarchy (centre, state and local), are important to determine the health of the democracy and in breeding confidence in each one of them. Satisfaction from and effectiveness of these political institutions can be reflected in the perception of the voters and therefore, also in the level of confidence that public has in each one of them. Public confidence in them also acts as an empowering influence as it enables the government to engage in greater policy innovation and risk taking. While, low level of public confidence, threatens the authority and stability of a government. This study delves into the inter-linkages between having confidence in political institutions, working at different levels of the hierarchy. The analysis in this paper makes use of simultaneous equations model in order to analyse the inter-linkages between confidence in state government and in rural local government (known as Panchayats), in case of India. Results from the analysis suggests that the level of confidence and faith in local level institutions have a significant positive causal effect on the confidence in higher level institutions which highlights that the experience of the citizens with the lower level institutions creates an impression of the efficacy of higher level institutions. * Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, India. Contact: aditisinghal@econdse.org † Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi. Contact: sugata@econdse.org
Approach to the Treatment of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Mid- Range Ejection Fraction

In this article we discuss the treatment of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and of HF with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) as has received considerable interest since the publciation of the 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) heart failure guidelines. Since clinical trials on HFpEF have included also patients with HFmrEF, due to the lack of an agreed definition, the ESC recommendations here described apply to both phenotypes. As a consequence of the recent characterisation of this HF syndrome, it is expected that upcoming research will provide data specifically regarding HFmrEF and tailored recommendations will be developed in the future.
Exploring the Factors Affecting Competitors’ Performance at Qur’anic Recitation Competition: A Case of Compliance with Techniques of Recitation (Ahkamut-Tajweed)

The role played by techniques of recitation of the Glorious Qur‟an remains significant in sharpening appreciation capacity and level of compliance with the rules which ultimately enhances the competitors‟ chances of emerging as the best. In spite of the role played by various schools and non-schoolbased capacity building practices, performance of most participants at recitation competitions remained not as impressive as anticipated in a bid to maintain an unchanged position in the international competition. This research intends to arrive at an empirical conclusion on the relationship between both direct and indirect factors and competitors‟ performance in the context of compliance with rules of recitation of the glorious Qur‟an especially as they manifest at recitation competition (Local, national or International). The study population was six thousand (6000) constituted by the three (3) major (population) centers of Gombe state (represented by three senatorial districts) in the Northeastern Nigeria. Gombe has 300, Akko, 180 and Kaltungo, 120 with corresponding samples of 169, 123 and 92 respectively. This is driven based on (Krejci and Morgan 1970). The justification behind the choice of the population is facilitated by the level of success recorded by the state in the competition (National and International) leading to emergence of champions in recent times. The study established the significance or otherwise of linguistic elements, parental background/occupational status, geographical location, nature of schools, training or capacity building methods adopted by schools among others in the determination of competitors` propensity to perform well at recitation competition regardless of levels of such completion. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 15-08-2019 Date of Acceptance: 30-08-2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Impact of Incarceration for Women who have Children: A Phenomenological Study

Since the 1980’s the number of women In prison has increased at a rate of 50 percent higher than men (The Sentencing Project). Current research focuses on the impact of having an incarcerated parent, and how this affects children. Qualitative research done from the mother’s experience of parenting from behind bars is limited. This topic has been overlooked during a time of increased incarceration of women who are the primary caregivers of their children. Incarcerated women face marginalization, stigma, and shame, especially when having to parent children on the outside.
Aerobic and Strength Training During Hemodialysis

Oh-Park M, Fast A, Gopal S, Lynn R, Frei G, Drenth R, Zohman L: Exercise for the dialyzed: Aerobic and strength training during hemodialysis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:814–821. Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of aerobic and strength training during hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease patients and to evaluate its impact on their cardiac fitness, muscle strength, and functional status. Design: A total of 22 patients undergoing hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease had assessment of their cardiac fitness with stress tests and walk tests, assessment of their muscle strength by one repetition maximum of knee extension, and assessment of their functional status by Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 before and after exercise training. Training, consisting of cycle ergometer exercise and strengthening of the knee extensors two to three times a week for 3 mo, was done during dialysis. Results: Eighteen of 22 patients completed 3 mo of training and four dropped out due to knee pain or medical complications unrelated to exercise. No patient developed major complications from the program. After training, there was a significant improvement in the mental and physical components of the Short Form-36 and one repetition maximum of knee extension. Among 14 of 18 patients who agreed and completed a follow-up fitness testing, five showed improvement on the stress tests and eight on the walk tests. Conclusions: A well designed exercise program during hemodialysis can be performed safely with proper supervision and patient education, improving muscle strength, mental and physical function, and possibly cardiac fitness.
Implementation of Image Fusion through Quad tree disintegration using MATLAB

: This paper explores the image fusion process and its functionalities. Joining at least two images to shape a superior quality image through Quad tree disintegration and multi center image has been prepared in MATLAB. The procedure includes the procedure of figuring of clamor of image which demonstrates the nature of images. This paper portrays the adjusted quadratic tree system for better lucidity of visual view of pictures. The procedure includes to personality obscure bit in pictures. In the event that at least two Images process through proposed reproduction then the best image zone will go through the Wiener channel and obscure segment will disposed of. Facilitate the procedure of mix will be executed together to frame a crisp image that has best and finish type of individual Images in preprocess time.
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS

The globalization phenomenon has accelerated and intensified the inclusion of new actors in the international system, especially during the last two decades. This study aims to review the main theoretical contributions made on the topic, using as practical analysis of an international cooperation project of a subnational entity with another of international operation. From consolidated theories of International Relations, as Complex Interdependence, or Constructivism, through the discussion of the role of the State in the International System, new theories arise to consolidate the integration of these new actors in the system and their impact on increasing the overall socioeconomic development. In this work, we will recover not only the classical perspectives, but also new theoretical contributions on the role of sub-national entity as an international actor. We will focus our study on a project of international cooperation between two distinct actors, verifying the importance of this partnership through indicators (relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, impact and sustainability) to demonstrate the process of decentralization of international cooperation and its impacts on the results. To that end, the present work followed a specific case study: a community policing system project denominated “KOBAN”, between the Japanese International Cooperation Agency JICA and the Military Police of the State of São Paulo PMESP. The project was established in two stages, one centralized and one decentralized. The first phase of the project was carried out between 2005-2007, with 8 experimental bases distributed over the municipality of São Paulo. In late 2006, the units were expanded due to the good results obtained into twelve (12) Community Safety Bases, 8 (eight) in the capital of the state of São Paulo, two (2) in the metropolitan area and 2 more (two) inside. In 2008, another expansion was made, so that by the year 2011, 54 (fifty-four) bases worked within the Project. The second stage was agreed on a new project, now between the National Public Security SENASP and JICA, with the contribution of PMESP on the expansion and replication of the project in other states.
Digital Mental Health and COVID-19: Using Technology Today to Accelerate the Curve on Access and Quality Tomorrow

As interest in and use of telehealth during the COVID-19 global pandemic increase, the potential of digital health to increase access and quality of mental health is becoming clear. Although the world today must “flatten the curve” of spread of the virus, we argue that now is the time to “accelerate and bend the curve” on digital health. Increased investments in digital health today will yield unprecedented access to high-quality mental health care. Focusing on personal experiences and projects from our diverse authorship team, we share selected examples of digital health innovations while acknowledging that no single piece can discuss all the impressive global efforts past and present. Exploring the success of telehealth during the present crisis and how technologies like apps can soon play a larger role, we discuss the need for workforce training, high-quality evidence, and digital equity among other factors critical for bending the curve further.
Prenatal dexamethasone exposure exerts sex-specific effect on placental oxygen and nutrient transport ascribed to the differential expression of IGF2

Background Clinical studies have showed that dexamethasone exposure during pregnancy could cause fetal growth retardation, but the mechanism by which prenatal dexamethasone exposure influences placental nutrient transport is still unclear. This study investigated the impacts of prenatal dexamethasone on the placental oxygen and nutrient transport. Methods Pregnant Wistar rats were subcutaneously administered with dexamethasone from day 9 to day 20 of gestation at 0.2 or 0.8 mg/kg·d. Pregnant rats were sacrificed on gestational day 20. The placental tissue was collected for analysis. Results Prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) declined the fetal weight and increased the intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) rate in a dose-dependent manner. The total placental volume and the length, density and surface area of fetal capillaries in the labyrinth zone reduced in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the thickness of syncytial membrane dose-dependently increased, resulting in a dose-dependent decrease in oxygen diffusion capacity. Furthermore, after PDE, the nutrient transport area and oxygen diffusion capacity of male placenta were lower than that of female placenta. The mRNA and protein expression of placental nutrient transporters including glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3), L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SRB1) increased in female placenta. However, in male placenta, the expression of LAT1, LPL and SRB1 was significantly decreased and GLUT1 and GLUT3 have a decrease trend. We further investigated the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) related to placental and fetal growth and development. Our study showed that the expression of IGF1 was significantly decreased both in male and female placentas after PDE. But the expression of IGF2 was significantly increased in female placentas while significantly decreased in male placentas. Conclusions Our study shows prenatal dexamethasone exposure exerts sex-specific influence on the placental oxygen and nutrient transport. This might be ascribed to the differential expression of IGF2 after PDE. These findings provide evidence on the dexamethasone-induced toxicity to the placenta and fetal development.
The effect of ‘volume of concept’ on the level of identifying concepts and understanding of relationships between concepts for 7th grade students

The main purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the volume of concept on the level of understanding the relationship between concepts. The mixed method was used in the research. Volume of concept form, concept map form and puzzle scales were used to collect quantitative data. Qualitative data was collected through a fully structured interview form. A homogeneous sample was used in the study. A total of 54 students participated in the study (there are 27 students in both experimental and control groups). The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS and Microsoft Excel program. T-test, Wilcoxon, frequency and percentage techniques were used for descriptive analysis. According to the findings, it was determined that volume of concept had a positive effect on relationship between concepts. No significant relationship was found between the experimental and control groups in regards to concept knowledge. In addition, according to the quantitative findings, concept map was found to be more successful in determining the relationships between concepts. On the other hand, according to the qualitative findings, the volume of concept form and concept map was equally effective in determining the relationship amongst different concepts. In line with the results, volume of concept can be used to determine the relationship between concepts.
Growth, Inequality, Poverty, and Extraction in Tanzania, 1961-2019

A common theme in research on long-term trends in inequality, especially concerning the Global South, is that of path dependence; specifcally that high levels of present day inequality and low levels of economic development are rooted in the establishment of extractve insttutons and high inequality under colonial rule. This paper seeks to address this theme by investgatng the longterm trend in inequality in Tanzania using original Gini estmates for colonial inequality levels, about which very litle is known to-date, as well as re-evaluated estmates for post-colonial inequality. Tanzania is an interestng case: like in other former Britsh colonies in sub-Saharan Africa, inequality at the tme of independence in 1961 was relatvely high. In contrast to most of the other colonies, however, inequality fell signifcantly in the post-colonial period, and remained at low levels even during the structural adjustment period and the recent growth spurt startng at the turn of the millennium. It will be argued that this drop in inequality was driven by insttutonal reforms – especially those concerning land and the public sector – which accompanied the process of radical decolonisaton through the implementaton of “African socialism” (1967-1984). While the efects of these reforms on economic growth are stll contested, they created an underlying framework which helped to keep inequality stable and at low levels, even during structural adjustment in the “neoliberal period” from 1985 to 2000, which generally has been linked to increases in inequality. Inequality also remained low throughout the current period of sustained growth which started in the late 1990s, indicatng that this growth was inclusive and pro-poor. Overall, the Tanzanian experience suggests that with sufcient politcal will to initate and sustain insttutonal reform, high levels of inequality are not an inevitable legacy of colonisaton and not necessarily self-reproducing and path-dependent.
BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF FOUR DIFFERENT MULBERRY VARIETIES

The quality of mulberry leaves play an important role in the success of the sericulture industry and directs its economics and hence much effort and research have been carried out to improve the quality and quantity of mulberry leaf production for silkworm rearing and then cocoon production. The nutritional status of different mulberry varieties is ascertained by its biochemical constituents. Mulberry is rich sources of protein, carbohydrate, free aminoacids, chlorophylls, moisture etc. An attempt was made to know the changes in the biochemical components (protein, carbohydrate, free aminoacids), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll), elements (copper and zinc) and moisture in four popular indigenous mulberry varieties (V1, S36, MR2 and K2) under the influence of minerals such as, copper and zinc by soil application method. The results revealed that the biochemical components were increased in almost all the varieties chosen. The protein (277.25 mg) content was increased in S36 mulberry leaves. The carbohydrate (48.25 mg) and free amino acids (15.70 mg) total chlorophyll (3.18 mg) also increased in MR2 varieties. The moisture content (84.31%) was increased in V1 mulberry. The alterations in biochemical components of mulberry foliage will influence the health, growth and development of silkworm. This in turn results in the production of high quality silk.
UNIVERSITY OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY (GTTS@EHU) SYSTEM FOR THE NIST 2017 LANGUAGE RECOGNITION EVALUATION

This paper briefly describes the language recognition systems developed by the Software Technology Working Group (http://gtts.ehu.es) of the University of the Basque Country (EHU) for the NIST 2017 Language Recognition Evaluation. The submitted system uses the the Brno University of Technology (BUT) 80 dimension bottleneck features [1] trained on FisherEnglish (2423 triphones) and follows the Total Variability Factor Analysis (i-Vector) approach [2]. The i-Vector extractor (1024 Gaussians and 400 dimensional i-Vector) is based on the Sidekit Toolkit [3] and it is followed by a Gaussian Linear Classifier and a Discriminative Gaussian Backend. Linear logistic regression calibration is applied to the final scores using the FoCal Toolkit [4].
Serum Peptidome Patterns of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, the 6th cause of death in the worldwide (Duan et al., 2009). The incidence of esophageal squamous carcinoma was highest in China, but in the western countries had high incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. At present, the conventional esophageal cancer diagnosis is through the endoscope and X-ray inspection, diagnosis depends on pathological. But these invasive methods limits the early census and after treatment monitoring, and the satisfactory biomarkers are available to screen for esophageal cancer patients treated with surgery and chemotherapy, and recurrence, which is rare reports. So it is essential to hit effective biomarker for diagnosis of EC, Operated, Postoperative chemotherapy and tumor metastasis and recurrence. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization timeof-flight mass spectrometry (MALDITOF MS) can detect peptides with low molecular weights at necessary sensitivity and resolution, which make it a useful technique for serum peptide profiling, Magnetic bead (MB), based on nanomaterials, has been developed and was considered as a promising material for convenient and efficient enrichment of peptides and proteins in biological samples (Yao et
[Fertility by birth order in Norway: a register-based analysis]

Fertility in Norway is analyzed using data from the File of Mothers a machine-readable data file created in 1985 from the Central Population Register which contains data on all Norwegian women born after 1920 and nearly all births between 1953 and 1984. The file is first described and the quality of the data it contains is assessed. The methods of analysis which include hazard models are then introduced and the results are presented. Topics covered include fertility trends since the middle of the nineteenth century large families childlessness the transition from first to second child who has a third child mothers of four children and the importance of age at first birth for subsequent fertility (SUMMARY IN ENG)
Cornel iridoid glycoside ameliorates cognitive deficits in APP/PS1/tau triple transgenic mice by attenuating amyloid-beta, tau hyperphosphorylation and neurotrophic dysfunction

Background Targeted proteinopathy is involved in creating pharmacological agents that protect against Alzheimer disease (AD). Cornel iridoid glycoside (CIG) is an effective component derived from Cornus officinalis. The present study aimed to determine the effects of CIG on β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau pathology and the underlying mechanisms in APP/PS1/tau triple transgenic (3×Tg) model mice. Methods We intragastrically administered 16-month-old 3×Tg mice with CIG (100 and 200 mg/kg) daily for two months. Learning and memory abilities were determined using the Morris water maze (MWM) and object recognition tests (ORT). Amyloid plaques and Aβ40/42 and the expression of related proteins in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice was determined by western blotting Results CIG improved learning and memory impairment in 3×Tg model mice, decreased amyloid plaque deposition, Aβ40/42 and the expression of full-length amyloid precursor protein, and increased levels of ADAM-10 (α-secretase), neprilysin (NEP), and insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) in the brains of the model mice. CIG also reduced tau hyperphosphorylation, and elevated phosphorylation level of GSK-3β at Ser9 and methylation of PP2A catalytic subunit C in the model mice. Moreover, CIG increased the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element binding protein (p-CREB) in the brain of 3×Tg mice. Conclusions CIG ameliorated learning and memory deficit via reducing Aβ content and, tau hyperphosphorylation and increasing neurotrophic factors in the brain of 3×Tg mice. These results suggest that CIG may be beneficial for AD therapy.