Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
'Active ageing' and health: an exploration of longitudinal data for four European countries

'Active Ageing' has been promoted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a strategy for promoting the health and well-being of older people. Keeping active and involved in a range of activities not restricted to those associated with labour market participation may, it has been suggested, be beneficial for older people. In this research three domains of 'engagement' were considered: paid work, formal involvement (i. e. activities such as voluntary work, attendance at training courses and participation in political organisations) and informal involvement (i. e. activities such as providing care and help to family, and looking after grandchildren). Using the first two waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), this thesis investigated both the cross-sectional association between socio-economic, demographic and health-related variables and engagement at baseline, and the longitudinal association between engagement at baseline and self-rated health (SRH) and depressive symptoms at follow-up (controlling for baseline measures of health). The analysis was based on sample members aged 50-69 at baseline in Denmark, France, Italy and England, countries selected to represent different welfare regimes. Cross-sectional findings showed that levels of engagement in paid work and formal activities varied across countries, whereas socio-economic, demographic and health related characteristics were similarly associated with engagement in all countries under study. This suggested that country-specific factors, such as retirement policies, might play an important role in determining older people's level of engagement in paid work. Cross-sectional results also suggested that work and formal engagement were associated with good health, whereas -among certain subpopulations -informal activities were associated with bad health. Longitudinal analyses showed that, in all countries, respondents in paid work at baseline were more likely to improve their SRH and less likely to become depressed than those who were `inactive'. Formal and informal engagement were not significantly associated with health at follow-up. Longitudinal results and associations found, however, might have been biased by the high rates of attrition, as multiple imputation techniques and sensitivity analyses suggested. The current research study confirms that engagement in work is an important pathway to health in late life. More attention, however, should be paid to people's working lives, the quality of work and work conditions as these may influence participation in, and withdrawal from, the labour market.
sing adjacency matrices to lay out larger small-world networks

Many networks exhibit small-world properties. The structure of a small-world network is characterized by short average path lengths and high clustering coefficients. Few graph layout methods capture this structure well which limits their effectiveness and the utility of the visualization itself. Here we present an extension to our novel graphTPP layout method for laying out small-world networks using only their topological properties rather than their node attributes. The Watts–Strogatz model is used to generate a variety of graphs with a small-world network structure. Community detection algorithms are used to generate six different clusterings of the data. These clusterings, the adjacency matrix and edgelist are loaded into graphTPP and, through user interaction combined with linear projections of the adjacency matrix, graphTPP is able to produce a layout which visually separates these clusters. These layouts are
Karstificability and dispersal in a subterranean species 5 6 Substratum karstificability , dispersal and genetic structure in a strictly 7 subterranean beetle 8 9 10

28 Aim The deep subterranean environment is an ideal system to test the effect of physical 29 constraints on the ecology and evolution of species, as it is very homogeneous and with 30 simple communities. We studied the effect of substratum karstificability in the dispersal 31 of the strictly subterranean Troglocharinus ferreri (Reitter) (Coleoptera, Leiodidae) by 32 comparing the genetic diversity and structure of populations in limestone (more soluble) 33 and dolostone (less soluble) in the same karstic system. 34 Location Troglocharinus ferreri is only known from ca.100 vertical shafts in an area of 35 less than 500 km SW of Barcelona (Spain). 36 Methods We sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear markers of a representative sample 37 to identify main lineages within T. ferreri and estimate their temporal origin, and used 38 mitochondrial data of 129 specimens from 41 caves to reconstruct their demographic 39 history and estimate dispersal among caves. 40 Results Troglocharinus ferreri diverged from its sister in the Early Pliocene, with an 41 initial divergence of the sampled populations in the Early Pleistocene. The best 42 demographic model was a constant population size with a fast population increase in the 43 middle Pleistocene. The ancestral population was likely in limestone, with a probability 44 of transition from limestone to dolostone triple to that from dolostone to limestone, 45 suggesting a higher permeability of limestone to the transit of individuals. Populations 46 in dolostone caves had lower gene flow between them and a stronger isolation by 47 distance, although the low genetic variability for the studied markers and the lower 48 abundance of dolostone caves decreased the statistical power of the analyses. 49 Main conclusions Our results point to the physical characteristic of the substratum as a 50 determinant of dispersal and gene flow, potentially conditioning the long-term evolution 51 of subterranean biodiversity. 52 53
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE

The Brachyrrhine (Br) mutant mouse, which displays frontonasal dysplasia and renal hypoplasia, has previously been described. Linkage analysis mapped the semi-dominant Br mutation close to the homeobox transcription factor Six2, which is normally expressed in the facial and metanephric mesenchyme during embryonic development. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of Six2 in craniofacial and renal branching morphogenesis by quanti tying its expression level in the facial prominences and using immunohistochemistry to visualize branching of the ureteric bud in Br mice. In addition, an in vitro system utilizing RNA interference (RNAi) technology was developed to determine whether Six2 could be experimentally down-regulated. Medial nasal (MNP), lateral nasal (LNP) and maxillary prominences (MAX) of EII.5 embryos were dissected and Six2 expression was measured with qRT-PCR. Six2 expression was highest in the MNP, with about 2-fold less in the MAX, and 3-fold less in the LNP of wild-type embryos. Our data indicate a haploinsufficient pattern of Six2 expression in each of the three sets of facial prominences. In addition, kidney organ explants were dissected from E13.5 mouse embryos and immunostained to reveal differences in ureteric bud branching patterns between the three genotypes (+1+, Brl+ and BrIBr). We confirmed a downregulation of Six2 in a cell culture system utilizing five RNAi constructs. These data indicate a lack of Six2 expression may playa role in the development of a median facial cleft and its reduced effect in the kidney may lead to renal hypoplasia Additionally, an in vitro system was established that will allow experimental down-regulation of Six2 to assess effects on morphogenesis.
Case Report : Occurrence of Paracoccidioides lutzii in the Amazon Region : Description of Two Cases

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most important human systemic mycosis in Latin America, is known to be caused by at least four different phylogenetic lineages within the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis complex, including S1, PS2, PS3, and Pb01-like group. Herein, we describe two cases of PCM in patients native from the Amazon region. The disease was originally thought to have been caused by P. brasiliensis. Despite the severity of the cases, sera from the patients were negative in immunodiffusion tests using the standard exoantigen from P. brasiliensis B-339. However, a positive response was recorded with an autologous preparation of Paracoccidioides lutzii exoantigen. A phylogenetic approach based on the gp43 and ARF loci revealed high similarity between our clinical isolates and the Pb01-like group. The occurrence of PCM caused by P. lutzii in the Brazilian Amazon (Pará State) was thus proven. The incidence of PCM caused by P. lutzii may be underestimated in northern Brazil.
Simulation and experimental studies on the behaviour of a magnetorheological damper under impact loading Alif

This paper is aimed to model behaviour of a magnetorheological (MR) damper under impact loading through polynomial approach. The polynomial model is developed based on curve fitting from experimental results and consists of a three regions namely fluid locking, positive and negative acceleration regions. The experimental results which have been performed using impact test apparatus are evaluated in the form of transmitted force in velocity, displacement, and time domain. The simulation results of the proposed polynomial model are then compared with the experimental results. Results show that the proposed polynomial model closely follow the experimental data in the three regions under study namely fluid locking, positive and negative accelerations.
Maintaining OLAP Cubes via Subcubes

OLAP queries are complex and time-consuming and hence materializing data cube is a commonly used technique to reduce response time. To our knowledge, most previous OLAP cube implementation techniques apply a static view selection algorithm on the search lattice. These static methods first treat each node in the lattice as an undividable unit and then pick some of them for materialization. Pre-computing some nodes without being aware of which nodes are actually accessed at run time would seriously impact both response time and available space. We propose to further partition nodes in the lattice into subcubes into each of which multiple OLAP queries via a dynamic materialization algorithm can be mapped. Experiments show that the locality effects do exist in OLAP queries, and our dynamic method keeps a reasonable performance even though the available space is very limited and is practical for OLAP query processing.
Evaluation of intersectoral resources in the composition of care networks for crack users Evaluación de recursos intersectoriales en la composición de redes para el cuidado al consumidor de crack

Objective: To evaluate the intersectoral resources in the composition of care networks for crack users. Method: Evaluative, qualitative study based on the Fourth Generation Evaluation. The participants were 10 users, 11 family members, eight workers, and seven managers from a municipality in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre/Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected in 2014 through observation and semi-structured interviews. The analysis occurred by the constant comparative method. Results: Stakeholders have discussed how the Public Prosecutor's Office and the Military Brigade are inserted in the network, since they carry out actions that often are not compatible with the psychosocial care proposal. The need for expansion and maintenance of liaisons with community resources was identified. Conclusion: It is noted the need for sector integration and participation of all social agents from different spheres in order to promote and evaluate the practices and policies of care for crack users.
Polyphosphate formation by Acinetobacter johnsonii strain 210 A : effect of cellular energy status and phosphate-specific transport system

In acetate-limited chemostat cultures of Acinetobacter johnsonii 210A at a dilution rate of 0.1 h the polyphosphate content of the cells increased from 13% to 24% of the biomass dry weight by glucose (100 mM), which was only oxidized to gluconic acid. At this dilution rate, only about 17% of the energy from glucose oxidation was calculated to be used for polyphosphate synthesis, the remaining 83% being used for biomass formation. Suspensions of non-growing, phosphate-de®cient cells had a sixto tenfold increased uptake rate of phosphate and accumulated polyphosphate aerobically up to 53% of the biomass dry weight when supplied with only orthophosphate and Mg. The initial polyphosphate synthesis rate was 98  17 nmol phosphate min mg protein. Intracellular poly-b-hydroxybutyrate and lipids served as energy sources for the active uptake of phosphate and its subsequent sequestration to polyphosphate. The H-ATPase inhibitor N,N¢dicyclohexylcarbodiimide caused low ATP levels and a severe inhibition of polyphosphate formation, suggesting the involvement of polyphosphate kinase in polyphosphate synthesis. It is concluded that, in A. johnsonii 210A, (i) polyphosphate is accumulated as the energy supply is in excess of that required for biosynthesis, (ii) not only intracellular poly-b-hydroxybutyrate but also neutral lipids can serve as an energy source for polyphosphate-kinase-mediated polyphosphate formation, (iii) phosphate-de®cient cells may accumulate as much polyphosphate as activated sludges and recombinants of Escherichia coli designed for polyphosphate accumulation.
Evaluating Geographic Data in MOOCs

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) exhibit a remarkable geographic diversity in terms of student population. While some researchers evaluated MOOCs geography within a single class, there is no framework for systematically studying the geographic component of MOOCs. Using the example of student population of 18 courses offered by HarvardX, Harvard’s division for online learning, we formalize the process of evaluating the geographic data of MOOCs with regard to enrollment and certificate attainment. We report the absolute counts of students from various countries and relate them to baselines of potential learners such as population of the country and the number of English speakers. Our approach allows to identify clusters of countries with similar properties and opens discussion of country-specific factors influencing key metrics of MOOCs. Our findings are relevant for developers and marketers, as well as for future research involving MOOC geography.
Impact of the National Institutes of Health Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis ( NIH FSGS ) clinical trial on the treatment of steroid-resistant FSGS

Idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is among the most common, morbid and treatment-resistant conditions faced by nephrologists. While glucocorticoids have traditionally been the mainstay of initial treatment, they induce remission in only a minority of patients. A variety of other immunosuppressants have been utilized against steroidresistant FSGS, but few have been rigorously examined in well-controlled trials. Recently, the results were published from a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored multicenter randomized trial comparing cyclosporine (CSA) with a combination of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and pulse dexamethasone (DEX) for the treatment of steroid-resistant FSGS. No difference in treatment effectiveness was shown between the two groups, and adverse effects were comparable. This was the largest randomized trial ever undertaken in FSGS, but it was unfortunately underpowered to show clinically relevant differences in response rates. This shortcoming, along with particularities of the study population and outcome measures, makes it challenging to draw definitive conclusions from the trial results. Despite these limitations, the trial does provide valuable insights into treatment strategies for FSGS and offers important lessons for planning future research.
Normalization in Context: Inter-Annotator Agreement for Meaning-Based Target Hypothesis Annotation

We explore the contribution of explicit task contexts in the annotation of word-level and sentence-level normalizations for learner language. We present the annotation schemes and tools used to annotate both word-and sentence-level target hypotheses given an explicit task context for the Corpus of Reading Exercises in German (Ott et al., 2012) and discuss a range of inter-annotator agreement measures appropriate for evaluating target hypothesis and error annotation. For learner answers to reading comprehension questions, we ﬁnd that both the amount of task context and the correctness of the learner answer inﬂuence the inter-annotator agreement for word-level normalizations. For sentence-level normalizations, the teachers’ detailed assessments of the learner answer meaning provided in the corpus give indications of the difﬁculty of the target hypothesis annotation task. We provide a thorough evaluation of inter-annotator agreement for multiple aspects of meaning-based target hypothesis annotation in context and explore measures beyond inter-annotator agreement that can potentially be used to evaluate the quality of normalization annotation.
Yeast and bacteria from ensiled high moisture maize grains as potential mitigation agents of fumonisin B 1 Ccori

BACKGROUND: Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species and a very common contaminant of maize-based food and feed throughout the world. The selection and use of FB1-degrading microorganisms appears as a promising alternative to cope with the problem of toxicity towards humans and livestock. High moisture maize grain silage which is based on natural maize fermentation could be an interesting reservoir of such microorganisms. RESULTS: Using an in vitro simulated silage model with FB1 naturally contaminated grains, we demonstrated a significant raw decrease in FB1 during ensiling process ascribed to biodegradation mechanisms. A panel of 98 bacteria and yeasts were isolated from this matrix and selected for their ability to use FB1 as the sole source of C and N. For nine of them, the ability to degrade FB1 in vitro was evidenced. Notably, two bacteria identified as Lactobacillus sp. were highlighted for their efficient FB1-degrading capacity and production of hydrolysed FB1 as intermediate degradation metabolite. 2 CONCLUSION: Fermentation of high moisture maize grain contaminated with FB1 leads to a significant reduction of the toxin and allows the isolation of FB1-degrading microorganisms that could further be used as FB1 decontaminating agents.
Number 3 September 2018 Applications and Implementations of CAT Implementing Three CATs Within Eighteen Months

Consulting Editors John Barnard EPEC, Australia G. Gage Kingsbury Psychometric Consultant, U.S.A. Juan Ramón Barrada Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain Wim J. van der Linden Pacific Metrics, U.S.A. Kirk A. Becker Pearson VUE, U.S.A. Alan D. Mead Illinois Institute of Technology, U.S.A. Barbara G. Dodd University of Texas at Austin, U.S.A. Mark D. Reckase Michigan State University, U.S.A. Theo H. J. M. Eggen Cito and University of Twente, The Netherlands Barth Riley University of Illinois at Chicago, U.S.A. Andreas Frey, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany and University of Oslo, Norway Bernard P. Veldkamp University of Twente, The Netherlands Kyung T. Han Graduate Management Admission Council, U.S.A. Chun Wang University of Washington, U.S.A. Matthew D. Finkelman, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, U.S.A. Steven L. Wise Northwest Evaluation Association, U.S.A.
Typing the F 2 Population with ChB 6 , Caspase-1 , IAP-1 , IL-15 R α , IL-2 R γ , and ZOV 3 Genes

The chicken B-cell marker (ChB6), caspase1, inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 (IAP-1), interleukin-15 receptor α-chain (IL-15Rα), interleukin-2 receptor γ-chain (IL-2Rγ), and immunoglobulin supfamily gene (ZOV3), as physiological candidate genes for chicken immune response, were selected to investigate associations with antibody kinetics to SRBC and killed B. abortus. An F2 population was derived from mating highly inbred (>99%) males of two MHC-congenic Fayoumi lines (named M5.1 and M15.2) with G-B1 Leghorn hens. Antibody response to SRBC and B. abortus after immunization at 19 and 22 wk were measured. Secondary phase parameters of maximum titers (Ymax) and time required to (
Sequentially Testing Polynomial Model Hypotheses using Power Transforms of Regressors

We provide a methodology for testing a polynomial model hypothesis by extending the approach and results of Baek, Cho, and Phillips (2015; BCP) that tests for neglected nonlinearity using power transforms of regressors. We examine and generalize the BCP quasi-likelihood ratio test dealing with the multifold identification problem that arises under the null of the polynomial model. The approach leads to convenient asymptotic theory for inference and allows estimation of the unknown polynomial degree in the model by way of sequential tests. Simulations show good performance in the sequential test procedure in identifying and estimating unknown polynomial order. The approach, which can be used empirically to test for misspecification, is applied to a Mincer (1958, 1974) equation using data from Card (1995), showing that Mincer’s log earnings equation is misspecified.
Title 1 2 IP 6 is an HIV pocket factor that prevents capsid collapse and promotes DNA synthesis 3 4

26 27 The HIV capsid is semi-permeable and covered in electropositive pores that are essential for 28 viral DNA synthesis and infection. Here we show that these pores bind the abundant cellular 29 polyanion IP6, transforming viral stability from minutes to hours and allowing newly 30 synthesised DNA to accumulate inside the capsid. An arginine ring within the pore 31 coordinates IP6, which strengthens capsid hexamers by almost 10C. Single molecule 32 measurements demonstrate that this renders native HIV capsids highly stable and protected 33 from spontaneous collapse. Moreover, encapsidated reverse transcription assays reveal 34 that, once stabilised by IP6, the accumulation of new viral DNA inside the capsid increases > 35 100-fold. Remarkably, isotopic labelling of inositol in virus producing cells reveals that HIV 36 selectively packages over 300 IP6 molecules per infectious virion. We propose that HIV 37 recruits IP6 to regulate capsid stability and uncoating, analogous to picornavirus pocket 38 factors. 39 40 HIV-1/IP6/capsid/co-factor/reverse transcription 41
Adaptation of compensation practice in China: A qualitative configurational analysis

Unlike previous research that has largely focused on the influence of national institutions on human resource management practices in China, our study taps into the role of sub-national institutions. We demonstrate, via a qualitative configurational analysis, that foreign subsidiaries of multinational corporations still adapt HQ compensation practice to the local context despite low regulatory pressure and low mobility of skills at sub-national level. This adaptation is facilitated by a decentralized structure in the multinational corporation. Our study also shows that high regulatory pressure and high portability of skills at the sub-national level alone are sufficient to induce local adaptation of compensation practice. Our explanation points to the significant role played by sub-national institutions in large and rapidly changing emerging economies and contributes to research on local adaptation of HRM practice in China. It offers an insight into forms of institutional agency by political and economic actors at local levels of governance as they attempt to influence the skills and human resources available for MNCs through regulatory means.