Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Dysregulated Pathways Associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis Using Pathway Interaction Network

Background: Pathwayanalysisistheﬁrstchoiceforgaininginsightintotheunderlyingbiologyof disease,asitreducescomplexity and increases explanatory power. Objectives: The purpose of our paper was to investigate dysregulated pathways between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients as well as normal controls based on the pathway interaction network (PIN) related analysis. Methods: This is a case-control bioinformatics analysis using already published microarray data of AS. It was conducted in Kun-ming, China from October 2015 to June 2016. We recruited the gene expression proﬁle of AS from the ArrayExpress database (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress/) with the accessing number of E-GEOD-25101. E-GEOD-25101 existed on A-MEXP-1171 - Illumina HumanHT-12 v3.0 Expression BeadChip Platform and was comprised of 32 samples (16 AS samples and 16 normal samples). Mean-while, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) data and pathway data were retrieved from Search Tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING, http://string-db.org/) as well as Reactome databases, respectively. Furthermore, according to the principal component analysis (PCA) method, the seed pathway was selected by computing the activity score for each pathway. A PIN was constructed dependent on the data and Pearson correlation coeﬃcient (PCC). Dysregulated pathways were captured from the PIN by utilizing the seed pathway and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) index. Results: The PIN consisted of 1022 pathways and 7314 interactions, of which, 3’-UTR-mediated translational regulation was the seed pathway (absolute change of activity score = 10.962). Starting from the seed pathway, a minimum set of pathways with AUROC = 0.902 was extracted from the PIN. Consequently, a total of 11 dysregulated pathways were identiﬁed for AS compared with normal controls, such as L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression, GTP hydrolysis, as well as joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Conclusions: TheseresultsmightbeavailabletoprovidepotentialbiomarkerstodiagnoseASaswellasgiveahandtorevealpatho-logical mechanism of this disease.
METHOD FOR REMOVING BROKEN PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAILS USING EXISTING SCREW HOLE

ABSTRACT The use of intramedullary nailing to treat proximal femoral fractures has increased in recent years. Nail breakage is a rare complication of intramedullary nailing of the femur, and generally occurs at the non-united fracture site. Removal of the distal fragment of a broken nail is a challenging problem. In this article, the authors describe the methods used to remove strongly fixed broken intramedullary nails. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.
Compact Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide Crossover for Future 5G Wireless Communication System

The implementation of microwave devices using printed ridge gap waveguide (PRGW) technology is required as they are expected to play an essential role in millimeter wave applications. The proposed crossover is composed of four-arm PRGW sections and connected by a central rectangular junction. The size of the introduced crossover is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.5 \lambda \times 1.5 \lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 30 GHz. This includes the first two rows of cells around the middle junction. The proposed design is fabricated and measured. The measured results demonstrate that the insertion loss is about 0.5 dB over 13.33% operating bandwidth. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement.
Increasing the accuracy of convolutional neural networks with progressive reinitialisation

This article introduces a training technique called progressive reinitialisation. This technique involves training a Convolutional Neural Network layer by layer. This is achieved by training the whole network and progressively freezing lower layers' weights until the whole network is frozen. When a layer is frozen, all weights in higher layers (unfrozen layers) are reinitialised before training continues. This training procedure is shown to boost the final network's performance by about 2% on CIFAR-10 and 1% on SVHN in the absence of image augmentation.
Impact of Leaf Development Stages on Polyphenolics Profile and Antioxidant Activity in Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels

Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, commonly known as “wampee,” is an excellent food ingredient of medicinal value. Effects of leaf developmental stages on the composition of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were investigated. Phenolics composition was studied using HPLC-PAD, whereas antioxidant activity was estimated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assays. Increase in bound flavonoids, quercetin, and cellular antioxidant activity was observed in bound and free fractions at different stages of leaf development. Predominantly, quercetin and ferulic acid contents were high in free and bound fractions of old leaves. In addition, phenolic components depicted highly significant positive association (p < 0.05) with antioxidant activity. Overall, old leaves of wampee have utility value similar to leaf buds, so they could be a more sustainable and economical source of bioactive compounds for commercial application in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
Active shift attention based object tracking system

Multiple object tracking is a challenging research problem in which the path of multiple objects must be estimated from image sequences. We have developed a visual saliency based object tracker that alternates attention from one target to another using a measure of current uncertainty and the Kalman filter. We present results showing the effectiveness of the tracker in reducing the mean square error. By taking the measurements of the location, the tracker using the Kalman filter drives the uncertainty to a low level when it pays attention to an object. The uncertainty of the object grows to a high level when the tracker shifts attention to another object having high uncertainty from the previous frame. Our proposed tracking approach is tested with different scenarios and shows effective performance in shifting attention to the region that represents a scene.
Joint Beamwidth and Energy Optimization for Multi-User Millimeter Wave Communications

This paper aims to optimize beamwidths of the base station (BS) and the user equipments (UEs), and optimize energy allocations for beam training and data transmission of each UE for the downlink of an energy-constrained multi-user millimeter (mmWave) communication system. To this end, we formulate a multi-objective optimization problem, in which we target to minimize the beam training time (maximize beamwidth), minimize the total energy usage and maximize the sum-rate simultaneously while maintaining the minimum QoS for each UE. After energy is allocated to each UE, the allocated energy is efficiently split for beam training and data transmission. To resolve the formulated problem, we propose a new approach in- line with the ε-constraint method where the lower and upper bounds for the beamwidth and energy usage are derived, transforming the problem to a single objective optimization of the downlink sum rate. This single objective optimization is found out to be non-convex in nature and in general, is hard to solve. We, thus, develop a numerical algorithm to achieve the Pareto optimal solutions within the derived bounds. Finally, we carry out simulations to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Also, we analyze the effect of channel coherence time on the Pareto solutions obtained using the proposed algorithm.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of molasses ARTICLE in BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY · JANUARY 2003

Kinetic studies of the enzymatic hydrolysis of molasses were conducted using glucoamylase. Central Sugar Refinery SDN BHD contains 13–20% glucose. The molasses was diluted and the kinetic experiments were conducted at 67 C with 100–1000 mg/l of glucoamylase. The glucose contents of the molasses were enhanced after hydrolysis of molasses solution with 1000 mg/l glucoamylase. A Lineweaver–Burk plot was obtained based on enzyme kinetic data. The rate constant, Km and maximum reaction rate, Vmax for 500 mg/l of glucoamylase were 100 mmol/l (18 g/l) and 5 mmol/lmin (0.9 g/lmin), respectively. The maximum reaction rate, Vmax for 1000 mg/l of glucoamylase was doubled, to 100 mmol/l (18 g/l) and the rate constant, Km was the same for 500 mg/l of glucoamylase. The substrate inhibition model was noncompetitive based on the resulting Lineweaver–Burk plot for enzyme concentration of 500 and 1000 mg/l. 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
An Unusual Cause of Failure to Ventilate

We report an unusual case of endotracheal tube failure. It was due to a manufacturing defect in the internal white plastic piece that is normally depressed by the luer-lock syringe within the blue pilot balloon. Prior to use, the endotracheal tube was tested and functioned normally. A 64-year-old patient in the intensive care unit with a history of hypertension was being mechanically ventilated after uneventful abdominal surgery. After several hours in the intensive care unit, he was noted to be suddenly no longer receiving adequate tidal volumes from the ventilator. It was found that the cuff on the endotracheal tube was not retaining air when it was filled with air from a syringe. This lead to a large “leak” around the endotracheal tube such that the intended tidal volumes set on the ventilator were not delivered to the patient. The patient was uneventfully reintubated and did well. Subsequent investigation revealed the cause to be a manufacturing defect in the internal white plastic piece that is normally depressed by the luer-lock syringe within the blue pilot balloon. Other mechanisms of cuff failure are reviewed in this case report. This case is an unusual reason for cuff failure. Illustrations supplied alert the reader how to identify the appearance of this manufacturing defect in a pilot balloon. This case illustrates the potential device malfunctions that can develop during a procedure, even when the equipment has been tested and previously functioned well. Even small defects developing in well-engineered products can lead to critical patient care emergencies.
Aperture coupled frequency reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna for wireless applications

A novel, frequency reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) which uses aperture coupled feed. The designed antenna radiates with reflection coefficient less than -10 dB in two bands at 5.23 GHz and 3.35 GHz which are suitable for Wi-Fi and WiMAX applications respectively. Reconfigurability is achieved using two PIN diodes. The proposed antenna is compact with dimensions 50 mm x 50 mm x 7.7 mm. The antenna is a high gain antenna with gain 5.61 dBi and 4.92 dBi at WiMAX and Wi-Fi frequency bands respectively. The reported bandwidth at Wi-Fi and WiMAX operation are 502.9 MHz and 146.3 MHz respectively. All simulations were performed in CST Microwave Studio.
Central Venous Oxygen Saturation as a Surrogate Marker for Outcome in Critically ill Patients-A Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Optimization of hemodynamic variables including blood pressure, heart rate, urine output, and central venous pressure are useful end points in the initial treatment of critically ill patients. However global tissue hypoxia may still persist and has been implicated in the development of multiorgan failure. Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2), which reflects important changes in the O2 delivery/consumption (DO2/VO2) relationship, has been found to be useful in these patients as an early warning sign for tissue hypoxia [1].
Trainees ’ Understanding of End-of-Life Care Symptom Management and End-of-Life Care Pathway : A Quantitative and Qualitative Pilot Study

Introduction: Lack of knowledge of end-of-life care pathway (EOLCP) and misconceptions about opioid use are detrimental to providing quality care to patients with life-limiting diseases. This study aims to use the mixedmethod to assess the level of specialty trainees’ perceptions regarding EOLCP and symptom management in the Australian context. Methods: A total of 31 accredited college trainees in surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, emergency medicine, anaesthesia as well as physician trainees who had been rotated to palliative care were recruited for the questionnaire. A total of 12 subjects were recruited for the individual interview. Results and Discussion: Both quantitative and qualitative data suggested that participants showed a basic understanding of EOLCP and symptom control. Most participants were generally comfortable with opioid use. They were able to recognize the priorities of end-oflife care and common opioid-related side effects. However, additional education on probability of serious side effects related to opioids, opioid rotation, opioid dosage calculation and prophylactic medications, were suggested. Large-scale studies should be conducted to explore the adequacy of end-of-life care education within specific specialty, other potential factors on practice of EOLCP and opioid use, as well as more effective education strategies in the Australian context.
Role of Epstein–Barr Virus in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Cancers and Its Potential as an Immunotherapeutic Target

The role of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection in the development and progression of tumor cells has been described in various cancers. Etiologically, EBV is a causative agent in certain variants of head and neck cancers such as nasopharyngeal cancer. Proteins expressed by the EVB genome are involved in invoking and perpetuating the oncogenic properties of the virus. However, these protein products were also identified as important targets for therapeutic research in the past decades, particularly within the context of immunotherapy. The adoptive transfer of EBV-targeted T-cells as well as the development of EBV vaccines has opened newer lines of research to conceptualize novel therapeutic approaches toward the disease. This review addresses the most important aspects of the association of EBV with head and neck cancers from an immunological perspective. It also aims to highlight the current and future prospects of enhanced EBV-targeted immunotherapies.
Cross-Project Transfer Representation Learning for Vulnerable Function Discovery

Machine learning is now widely used to detect security vulnerabilities in the software, even before the software is released. But its potential is often severely compromised at the early stage of a software project when we face a shortage of high-quality training data and have to rely on overly generic hand-crafted features. This paper addresses this cold-start problem of machine learning, by learning rich features that generalize across similar projects. To reach an optimal balance between feature-richness and generalizability, we devise a data-driven method including the following innovative ideas. First, the code semantics are revealed through serialized abstract syntax trees (ASTs), with tokens encoded by Continuous Bag-of-Words neural embeddings. Next, the serialized ASTs are fed to a sequential deep learning classifier (Bi-LSTM) to obtain a representation indicative of software vulnerability. Finally, the neural representation obtained from existing software projects is then transferred to the new project to enable early vulnerability detection even with a small set of training labels. To validate this vulnerability detection approach, we manually labeled 457 vulnerable functions and collected 30 000+ nonvulnerable functions from six open-source projects. The empirical results confirmed that the trained model is capable of generating representations that are indicative of program vulnerability and is adaptable across multiple projects. Compared with the traditional code metrics, our transfer-learned representations are more effective for predicting vulnerable functions, both within a project and across multiple projects.
Nanoscale Photodetector Array and Its Application to Near-Field Nano-Imaging

Photodetector array have many applications, such as light detection and imaging. However, pixels in most photodetector array are micrometer scale or larger, which limits its application to relatively low spatial resolution detection. The possibility to realize photodetector array with pixel size at nanometer scale has become of great interest to various technologies. When the dimension of photodetector array’s pixel is reduced to such a small scale, many new functions can be achieved. For example, with such a nanoscale photodetector array, it will enable us to image objects at a resolution better than that of conventional diffraction-limited imaging tool, for which the highest resolution that could be obtained is half of the illuminating light wavelength. Recently, many progresses on nanoscale photodetector array (NPD) have been made (Huang et al., 2001; Hayden et al., 2006; Yang et al., 2006; Maier et al., 2003), however most of them are based on nanotube technology and incapable of precisely controlling the position and configuration of detector array. It’s desirable to have a photodetector array with nanoscale pixels while still having flexibility in device design and operation. In this chapter, we will present the research on such a photodetector array with nano-scale pixels based on dual side metal-semiconductormetal (MSM) structure, including the design of NPD array, the simulation of NPD array’s performance by finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method, the fabrication of NPD device, characterization of NPD array and the demonstration of nano-scale object imaging using the NPD array that fabricated.
Random vs Structured Pilot Assignment in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Wireless Networks

This paper addresses the performance improvement that structured pilot assignment policies can bring about, relative to a random pilot assignment, in cell-free massive MIMO wireless networks. It is shown that structured policies can deliver a multiple-fold reduction in the pilot overhead required to keep pilot contamination at some acceptably low level. While the implementation of the structured policies considered in the paper might require some degree of centralized control, their performance also captures what distributed nonrandom pilot assignment schemes (e.g., greedy or collision- detecting algorithms) can hope to approach.
Feasibility of Single-Agent Localization from Sequential Measurements

Localization from a sequence of measurements is feasible when the localization error does not increase over time. Under the widely adopted Bayesian filtering perspective, the computation of this bound and the proof of its underlying results become intricate. This paper characterizes the necessary conditions for feasible localization of a single agent. In particular, we find closed- form expressions for the necessary conditions that the position or distance measurements must satisfy in localization systems to guarantee that the error bound does not increase over time. We corroborate the obtained expressions with numerical results revealing the usefulness of the conducted research in a case study of wireless localization.
TOPICAL REVIEW: The Slater Koster tight-binding method: a computationally efficient and accurate approach

In this article we discuss the Slater–Koster (SK) tight-binding (TB) method from the perspective of our own developments and applications to this method. We first present an account of our work in constructing TB Hamiltonians and applying them to a variety of calculations which require an accurate representation of the electronic energy bands and density of states. In the second part of the article we present the Naval Research Laboratory TB method, wherein we demonstrate that this elaborate scheme can accurately account for both the band structure and total energy of a given system. The SK parameters generated by this method are transferable to other structures and provide the means for performing computationally demanding calculations of fairly large systems. These calculations, including molecular dynamics, are of comparable accuracy to first-principles calculations and three orders of magnitude faster.
Flexible Functional Split in C-RAN with Renewable Energy Powered Remote Radio Units

Functional split is a promising technique to reduce the fronthaul rate requirement in cloud radio access networks (C-RAN). Different functional split schemes have different processing costs and fronthaul transmission rates. To maximize the throughput while satisfying the average fronthaul rate constraint in C- RAN with renewable powered Remote Radio Units (RRUs), we first explore the offline problem of selecting the optimal functional split scheme, jointly with the corresponding user data transmission duration and transmission power. We find that in each interval between successive energy arrivals, at most two functional split schemes should be selected, and the two schemes have the same transmission power. We further analyze the scenario with one instance of energy arrival and two candidate functional split schemes, and derive the closed-form expressions of the optimal transmission power and transmission duration for each scheme. Based on the analysis of the special case, a heuristic online algorithm is then proposed, which has similar performance with the optimal offline policy, as validated by simulations.
Maternal Sensitivity and Anxiety: Impacts on Child Outcome

ABSTRACT Children of anxious parents have been shown to be at an increased risk of developing an anxiety disorder. Thus, it is critically important to identify factors that increase or decrease that risk. The depression literature has shown that maternal sensitivity decreases negative child outcome associated with maternal depression. The current study was designed to determine whether maternal sensitivity may buffer children of anxious mothers in a similar way. Three hypotheses were tested. First, that anxious mothers would display less sensitivity than nonanxious mothers in interactions with their children; that there would be an interaction between sensitivity and anxiety on child outcome; and that sensitivity would account for variance in child outcome beyond that attributed to anxiety. One hundred and twenty-five mothers (75 anxious) and their children (ages 3–12) completed the study. Mothers were administered the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule-IV and Parent, and a subset also completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Children completed the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule-Child. Dyads also engaged in two interaction tasks (one cognitive, one social) which were coded for maternal sensitivity and three child outcome behaviors. Results showed that anxious mothers displayed less sensitivity in the social task but not in the cognitive task. An interaction between anxiety and sensitivity was found only when predicting child negativity in the social task. Finally, maternal sensitivity was found to account for variance in child outcome beyond that of anxiety. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.