Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Burnout syndrome among dermatologists and assessment of prevalence and risk factors: A nationwide survey

Background: Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a sense of low personal accomplishment. Increasing patient volumes and rising health-care systems' productivity targets also pose a risk of burnout in all specialties including dermatology. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to study burnout syndrome in dermatologists and determine related factors. Methods: Dermatologists who were actively working (n = 2005) were E-mailed a questionnaire via the Turkish Dermatology Society, and 422 (21%) completed it anonymously. The first part of the questionnaire comprised demographic and work-related characteristics, and the second part was formed by the Turkish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The MBI is a 22-item questionnaire for the assessment of burnout in the following three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. Results: Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores of residents were significantly higher (P < 0.001), and personal accomplishment scores were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than that of the other groups. Dermatologists in the private sector had significantly lower scores for emotional exhaustion (P < 0.001) and depersonalization (P < 0.001) and significantly higher scores for personal accomplishment (P < 0.001) than those working in the public sector. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores were significantly higher in participants who worked on weekends, those intended to change workplace, and had at least one chronic illness (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). A positive correlation was found between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (r = 0.691,P < 0.001), number of patients (r = 0.355,P < 0.001), and number of shifts (r = 0.344,P < 0.001), and there was a negative correlation between personal accomplishment (r = −0.485,P < 0.001), age (r= −0.301,P < 0.001), number of vacation days (r = −0.149, P= 0.002), and years in the profession (r = −0.288,P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our study sheds light on factors that influence burnout and also indicates a need for health-care reforms for dermatologists' satisfaction and burnout, as well as patient satisfaction and quality of care.
Effect of 90-Min Bikram Yoga on Basic Psychological Needs Among Practitioners in the Southwestern United States

Background: In our modern society, physical activity is a lifestyle choice. Bikram Yoga is a low impact; moderate exercise and the understanding of motivation and adherence to the practice is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 90 min Bikram Yoga practice on basic psychological needs of competence (the sense of skill mastery), autonomy (volitionally performing a task), and relatedness (a connection with others) as postulated in self-determination theory for motivation. Methods: The sample included Bikram Yoga practitioners in the Southwestern United States (n = 126) averaged between the age group of 35 and 64, predominately female, and highly educated. Responses to the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Results showed a statistically significant effect of frequency of Yoga attendance on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (i.e., competence, autonomy, and relatedness); (P = 0.025); specifically, Yoga practitioners who attended four or more classes per week had higher satisfaction levels of Basic Psychological Need for competence (P = 0.013) and relatedness (P = 0.034). A statistically significant effect of the level of experience on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (i.e., competence, autonomy, and relatedness) (P = 0.014) found in experienced Bikram Yoga practitioners, specifically for competence (P = 0.013) and relatedness (P = 0.023) compared to novice counterparts. Conclusion: The study provides some evidence of an individual's motivation for a 90 min Bikram Yoga practice and possible adherence. Future investigation of Bikram Yoga practice adopting self-determination theory appears worthwhile.
Comparison of the Repeatability of Macular Vascular Density Measurements Using Four Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Systems

The aim of this study was to compare the repeatability of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) measurements of macular vessel density using four OCT-A systems, including Heidelberg Spectralis HRA, Optovue RTVue XR, Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000, and Topcon DRI OCT Triton. A cross-sectional design was used for this study. The vascular density and vascular length density of the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses were imaged with OCT-A using 3 mm and 6 mm scan patterns and were calculated using ImageJ. Comparisons of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were conducted. We found that the OCT-A systems had various levels of repeatability. Zeiss had better repeatability for vessel density than the other systems (overall ICC = 0.936). Optovue had better repeatability for vessel length density when the 6 mm scan pattern was used (ICC = 0.680 and 0.700 for retinal superficial and deep capillary plexus, respectively). We concluded that repeatability varied when different scan patterns of various OCT-A systems were used for imaging the superficial retinal and deep capillary plexuses. Results should be seen as valid only for a given method. The repeatability of various OCT-A systems should be considered in clinical practice and in clinical trials that use OCT-A metrics as outcome measures.
The Short Tandem Repeat of the DMT1 Gene as a Molecular Marker of Elite Long-Distance Runners

The DMT1 gene encodes divalent metal transporter 1, a membrane iron transport protein. Divalent metal transporter 1 influences cellular iron availability, which might further affect aerobic exercise capacity. Short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms have been used as genetic markers in the literature, yet the STR polymorphisms of the DMT1 gene have not been well studied. In this current study, we explored the polymorphisms of the DMT1 gene in a group of elite long-distance runners and controls, by using the PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) and Gene scan technology. We found that the genotype frequency of the homozygous 258 bp STR polymorphism of the DMT1 gene (258 bp/258 bp) was significantly higher in the athlete group than in the controls (χ2 = 14.01, p = 0.006) so does the allele frequency of the 258 bp STR polymorphism (χ2 = 12.867, p = 0.008). These data suggested that the STR polymorphism of the DMT1 gene might be correlated with aerobic exercise capacity and the 258 bp homozygous (25 bp/258 bp) could be used as a molecular marker for the talent identification of elite long-distance runners.
The Effects of Lutein and Zeaxanthin Supplementation on Brain Morphology in Older Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

A growing literature emphasizes the importance of lifestyle factors such as nutrition in successful aging. The current study examined if one year of supplementation with lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z), two nutrients with known antioxidative properties and cognitive benefits, impacted structural brain outcomes in older adults using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial design. Community-dwelling older adults (20 males and 27 females) aged 65–87 years (M = 71.8 years, SD = 6.04 years) were randomized into supplement (N = 33) and placebo groups (N = 14) using simple randomization. The supplement group received 10 mg L + 2 mg Z daily for 12 months while the placebo group received a visually identical, inert placebo. L and Z were measured via retinal concentrations (macular pigment optical density or MPOD). Structural brain outcomes, focusing on global and frontal-temporal lobe regions, were acquired using both T1-weighted and DTI MRI sequences. We hypothesized that the supplement group would increase, maintain, or show attenuated loss in hypothesized regions-of-interest (ROIs) while the placebo group would show age-related declines in brain structural integrity over the course of the trial. While results showed age-related declines for frontal and temporal gray and white matter volumes, as well as fornix white matter microstructure across both groups, only minimal differences were found between the supplement and placebo groups. However, exploratory analyses showed that individuals who responded better to supplementation (i.e., showed greater increases in MPOD) showed less decline in global and prefrontal gray matter volume than supplement “nonresponders. ” While results suggest that one year of L and Z supplementation may have limited effects on structural brain outcomes overall, there may be a subsample of individuals for whom supplementation of L and Z provides greater benefits. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02023645.
Antiaging, Stress Resistance, and Neuroprotective Efficacies of Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala Fruit Extracts Using Caenorhabditis elegans Model

Plant parts and their bioactive compounds are widely used by mankind for their health benefits. Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala is one berry fruit, native to Thailand, known to exhibit various health benefits in vitro. The present study was focused on analyzing the antiaging, stress resistance, and neuroprotective effects of C. nervosum in model system Caenorhabditis elegans using physiological assays, fluorescent imaging, and qPCR analysis. The results suggest that the fruit extract was able to significantly extend the median and maximum lifespan of the nematode. It could also extend the healthspan by reducing the accumulation of the “age pigment” lipofuscin, inside the nematode along with regulating the expression of col-19, egl-8, egl-30, dgk-1, and goa-1 genes. Further, the extracts upregulated the expression of daf-16 while downregulating the expression of daf-2 and age-1 in wild-type nematodes. Interestingly, it could extend the lifespan in DAF-16 mutants suggesting that the extension of lifespan and healthspan was dependent and independent of DAF-16-mediated pathway. The fruit extract was also observed to reduce the level of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) inside the nematode during oxidative stress. The qPCR analysis suggests the involvement of skn-1 and sir-2.1 in initiating stress resistance by activating the antioxidant mechanism. Additionally, the fruit could also elicit neuroprotection as it could extend the median and maximum lifespan of transgenic strain integrated with Aβ. SKN-1 could play a pivotal role in establishing the antiaging, stress resistance, and neuroprotective effect of C. nervosum. Overall, C. nervosum can be used as a nutraceutical in the food industry which could offer potential health benefits.
Feeding Behavior of Mice under Different Food Allocation Regimens

Social interaction, a basic survival strategy for many animal species, helps maintain a social environment that has limited conflict. Social dominance has a dramatic effect on motivation. Recent evidence suggests that some primate and nonprimate species display aversive behavior toward food allocation regimens that differ from their peers. Thus, we examined the behaviors displayed by mice under different food allocation regimens. We analyzed changes in food intake using several parameters. In the same food condition, the mice received the same food; in the quality different condition, the mice received different foods; in the quantity different condition, one mouse did not receive food; and in the no food condition, none of the mice received food. To test differences based on food quality, one mouse received normal solid food as a less preferred reward, and the other received chocolate chips as a high-level reward. No behavioral change was observed in comparison to the same food condition. To test differences based on food quantity, one mouse received chocolate chips while the other received nothing. Mice who received nothing spent more time on the other side of the reward throughout the experiment. Interestingly, highly rewarded mice required more time to consume the chocolate chips. Thus, under different food allocation regimens, mice changed their behavior by being more hesitant. Moreover, mice alter food intake behavior according to the social environment. The findings help elucidate potential evolutionary aspects that help maintain social cohesion while providing insights into potential mechanisms underlying socially anxious behavior.
Rock Inhibitor Y-27632 Enables Feeder-Free, Unlimited Expansion of Sus scrofa domesticus Swine Airway Stem Cells to Facilitate Respiratory Research

Current limitations in the efficacy of treatments for chronic respiratory disorders position them as prospective regenerative medicine therapeutic targets. A substantial barrier to these ambitions is that research requires large numbers of cells whose acquisition is hindered by the limited availability of human tissue samples leading to an overreliance on physiologically dissimilar rodents. The development of cell culture strategies for airway cells from large mammals will more effectively support the transition from basic research to clinical therapy. Using readily available porcine lungs, we isolated conducting airway tissue and subsequently a large number of porcine airway epithelial cells (pAECs) using a digestion and mechanical scraping technique. Cells were cultured in a variety of culture media formulations, both foetal bovine serum-containing and serum-free media, in air (21%) and physiological (2%) oxygen tension and in the presence and absence of Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27362 (RI). Cell number at isolation and subsequent population doublings were determined; cells were characterised during culture and following differentiation by immunofluorescence, histology, and IL-8 ELISA. Cells were positive for epithelial markers (pan-cytokeratin and E-cadherin) and negative for fibroblastic markers (vimentin and smooth muscle actin). Supplementation of cultures with Y-27632 allowed for unlimited expansion whilst sustaining an epithelial phenotype. Early passage pAECs readily produced differentiated air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures with a capacity for mucociliary differentiation retained after substantial expansion, strongly modulated by the culture condition applied. Primary pAECs will be a useful tool to further respiratory-oriented research whilst RI-expanded pAECs are a promising tool, particularly with further optimisation of culture conditions.
Reconstruction of Bone Defect Combined with Massive Loss of Periosteum Using Injectable Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Biocompatible Ceramic Scaffolds in a Porcine Animal Model

Clinically, in patients who sustain severe open fractures, there is not only a segmental bone defect needed to be reconstructed but also insufficient healing capacity due to concomitant damages to the periosteum and surrounding soft tissues. For studying the reconstruction of bone defects associated with massive loss of periosteum and surrounding soft tissues, there are no well-established preclinical models in large animals in the literature. The purpose of the study was to generate a large animal model of bone defect with massive periosteum loss and to adopt a tissue engineering approach to achieve rapid bony union with stem cells and biomaterials. In this study, a bone defect with massive periosteum stripping was generated in pigs, which was followed by emptying nearby canal marrow including fat and cancellous bone. The stripped periosteum was a mimic to the situation in the Gustilo type 3 open fractures. Bone defects were then reconstructed by impacting the biocompatible ceramic scaffold, morselized tricalcium phosphate (TCP) loaded with human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Radiological and pathological assessments indicated that TCP and hMSCs synergistically promoted bone healing with increased lamination and ingrowth of vessels. Both bridging periosteum formation and gap filling were induced rapidly. In conclusion, a porcine model of segmental bone loss with damage of surrounding periosteum was created. Reconstruction of such defects with hMSCs and TCP achieved rapid union of bone defects associated with massive periosteal stripping.
Eddie Combined with Gemcitabine and Cisplatin for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer:Meta-Analysis

Objective To evaluate the chemotherapy efficacy of Eddie injection combined with Gemcitabine and Cisplatin(GP regimen) for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Methods PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBase,Chinese Academic Journal,Wanfang Database and Weipu Database were retrieved by computer.The retrieval time was from the building of the database to October 2011.Other retrieval methods and randomized controlled trials(RCT) of Eddie injection combined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer were also involved into the study.RevMan 5.0 software was used for statistical analysis in accordance with Cochrane Handbook 5.0 quality evaluation criteria.Results 15 qualified literatures were involved,covering 1 104 patients.The analysis showed that compared with mere GP chemotherapy,Eddie injection combined with GP chemotherapy could effectively improve short-term efficacy(OR=1.51,95%CI(1.18,1.92),P=0.83,the combined effect of the amount of test Z=3.31,P=0.0009),improve patients′ quality of life(OR=3.37,95%CI(2.57,4.40),the amount of combined effect of test Z=8.87,P0.00001),reduce the incidence of bone marrow suppression(OR=0.40,95%CI(0.31,0.53),the amount of the combined effect of the test Z=6.41,P0.00001) and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal toxicity like nausea and vomiting(OR=0.44,95%CI(0.33,0.57),the amount of the combined effect of the test,Z=6.05,P0.00001). Conclusion Eddie combined with GP chemotherapy is an effective regimen in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer by improving patients′ life quality and reducing the incidence of bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reactions.It is worth recommendation clinically.
Psychosocial and Physical Factors Influencing Dietary Behavior and the Recovery of Muscle Mass in Japanese Patients after Gastrectomy for Cancer

gastric cancer has been increasing since the mid-60s (Kaj itani,1982) . As a result, emphasis is being placed on improving factors which influence patients•fsocial rehabilitation so that their quality of life (QOL) can be improved as well (Saito et al., 1986). Results thus far suggest that weight loss affects the success of the rehabilitation of postoperative gastric cancer patients. Thus, keeping weight loss to a minimum by increasing dietary intake has been considered very important (Adams 1967, Mitsuno, 1979), and improvement of surgical techniques and nutritional management are essential to that goal. Nursing care plays a significant role on nutritional management through providing an easily ingestible postoperative diet and instructions on ways to increase dietary intake. Even after their discharge, patients are required to follow their personal requirements and conform their dietary habit to the findings described above. According to Orem (1991), patients•fdietary behavior for the purpose of improving their nutritional status, should be thought of as a therapeutic self-care behavior in response to physical demands imposed by gastric resection. Thus, in order to realize the access to optimal dietary behavior and subsequent improvement of nutritional status, it is necessary to assess self-care deficits and related factors that might affect dietary behavior. Munakata (1982) claimed that self-care behavior is influenced by psychosocial factors such as self-care motives and burdens, behavioral characteristics and social support. His seesaw model manifests the interrelationships among these factors. Miller (1983) pointed out the same psychosocial factors with Munakata•fs. She particularly stressed the importance of the patient's coping style in integrating other factors to improve self-care potential. However, few studies have explored the dietary behavior of postoperative gastric cancer outpatients and the psychosocial factors which may influence their nutritional status. In particular, no previous studies have analyzed how psychosocial factors are interrelated and influence with each other. Moreover, in such analysis,
Evaluating compression as an enabler for centralised monitoring in a Next Generation Network

With the emergence of Next Generation Networks and a large number of next generation services, the volume and diversity of information is on the rise. These networks are often large, distributed and consist of heterogeneous devices. In order to provide effective centralised monitoring and control we need to be able to assemble the relevant data at a central point. This becomes difficult because of the large quantity of data. We also would like to achieve this using the least amount of bandwidth, and minimise the latency. This paper investigates using compression to enable centralised monitoring and control. It presents the results of experiments showing that compression is an effective method of data reduction, resulting in up to 93.3 percent reduction in bandwidth usage for point-to-point transmission. This paper also describes an architecture that incorporates compression and provides centralised monitoring and control.
Martingale Representation , Chaos Expansion and Clark-Ocone Formulas

Ito’s representation theorem gives the existence of a martingale representation of stochastic variables with respect to Brownian motion. Similar results exist for instance for compensated Poisson processes and Azema’s martingale. We give sufficient conditions for predictable representation (in a weak sense), i.e. there exists predictable processes φα such that every F ∈ L(F∞, P ) can be represented F = E[F ] + ∑ α φ α · Mα for some given collection of martingales {M}α∈I . Thereafter we show how one can obtain explicit expressions for the representation using Malliavin calculus methods. The theory is then applied to Lévy processes.
Advanced InSAR Techniques for Mining Applications

InSAR (Interferometric synthetic aperture radar) is a remote sensing tool that can be used in several different types and stages of mining. The technique has developed rapidly in recent years and the most evolved algorithms are now capable of providing a high density of precise ground movement measurements over large areas. The most advanced approaches process a large number of radar images to determine displacement of natural or man-made targets called Permanent Scatterers. The use of multiple images allows for the application of statistical calculations to detect and remove atmospheric noise from displacement measurements, thereby increasing precision to within millimetres. SqueeSARTM, the most recent algorithm produced by TRE (TeleRilevamento Europa), has the unique capability to process signals from spatially distributed targets called Distributed Scatterers in addition to Permanent Scatterers, which greatly increases the density of measurement points in non-urban areas. In open pit mine applications InSAR can be used to monitor areas within and surrounding the pit, providing surface-displacement information that can be used to guide the development of the mine. Surface displacement over the Highland Valley Copper mine in British Columbia and slope instabilities in the nearby Thompson Canyon are presented. InSAR can also be used to measure ground subsidence occurring in areas of sub-surface mining. Examples from Rock Springs, Wyoming, are shown in which SqueeSARTM was used to identify and delineate subsidence over underground mine shafts and guide remediation activities. Further applications of InSAR-based techniques include post-closure monitoring of mining sites, monitoring of tailing pond dams and the monitoring of waste pile stability.