Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute and long-term effects of two different static stretching training protocols on range of motion and vertical jump in preadolescent athletes

This study examined the acute and long-term effects of two static stretching protocols of equal duration, performed either as a single stretch or multiple shorter duration repetitions on hip hyperextension range of motion (ROM) and single leg countermovement jump height (CMJ). Thirty female gymnasts were randomly assigned to stretching (SG) or control groups (CG). The SG performed two different protocols of static stretching, three times per week for 9 weeks. One leg performed repeated stretching (3 × 30 s with 30 s rest) while the other leg performed a single stretch (90 s). The CG continued regular training. ROM and CMJ were measured pre- and 2 min post-stretching on weeks 0, 3, 6, 9, and 3 weeks into detraining. CMJ height increased over time irrespective of group (main effect time, p = 0.001), with no statistical difference between groups (main effect group, p = 0.272). Three-way ANOVA showed that, CMJ height after stretching was not affected by either stretching protocol at any time point (p = 0.503 to 0.996). Both stretching protocols equally increased ROM on weeks 6 (10.9 ± 13.4%, p < 0.001, d = 0.42), and 9 (21.5 ± 13.4%, p < 0.001, d = 0.78), and this increase was maintained during detraining (17.0 ± 15.0%, p < 0.001, d = 0.68). No increase in ROM was observed in the CG (p > 0.874). Static stretching of long duration applied either as single or multiple bouts of equal duration, results in similar acute and long-term improvements in ROM. Furthermore, both stretching protocols do not acutely affect subsequent CMJ performance, and this effect is not influenced by the large increase in ROM and CMJ overtime.
Genetic parameters for dystocia, milk yield and age at first calving in Brazilian Holstein cows

ABSTRACT The present study aims to estimate genetic parameters for dystocia, milk yield and age at first calving of Holstein cows reared in intensive production systems located in the southeastern region of Brazil. A total of 26,987 first-lactation records of Holstein cows were used. The following traits were analysed: 305-day cumulative first lactation milk yield (MY305), age at first calving (AFC) and dystocia. Dystocia was defined as a binary trait, with 0 indicating failure and 1 indicating success. Success was attributed to cows that had a normal calving, and failure was attributed to cows that had a difficult or human-assisted parturition. The (co)variance components were estimated using a Bayesian approach. The heritability estimates were 0.15 (0.01), 0.27 (0.02), and 0.17 (0.03) for MY305, AFC and dystocia, respectively. Dystocia showed genetic correlations of 0.30 (0.09) with AFC and −0.17 (0.11) with MY305. Early maturing heifers may be genetically prone to a more difficult first calving.
Network Representation Learning Algorithm Combined with Node Text Information

In a network data analysis task, network representation learning play an important role. It can obtain a low-dimensional representative vector from high dimensional features of nodes which will promote the efficiency of downstream analysis task. Many algorithms mainly based on the structure information of the network but for a complex network, there is a lot kinds of feature information available for representation learning which has an important impact on network data analysis task. Therefore, we propose a network representation learning algorithm that combines node text information. Before our algorithm, we encode the information of the nodes including structure and text, and the strategy of fusion is adopted in advance which splice structure and text information. And then we feed the splicing results into the neural network which is a multi-layer feedforward neural network with a tower structure to learn the nonlinear structure information of complex networks. Finally, we design the structure loss function that preserve structure similarity and text loss function that preserve text information respectively. And we use the joint training to make two aspects information interact continuously. We conduct experiment to evaluate our algorithm. The results on two real word networks show our algorithm has better performance compared with traditional algorithms.
Further Study of 2-to-1 Mappings Over F2n

2-to-1 mappings over finite fields play an important role in symmetric cryptography, particularly in the constructions of APN functions, bent functions, and semi-bent functions. Very recently, Mesnager and Qu [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 65 (12): 7884-7895] provided a systematic study of 2-to-1 mappings over finite fields. In particular, they determined all 2-to-1 mappings of degree at most 4 over any finite field. Besides, another research direction is to consider 2-to-1 polynomials with few terms. Some results about 2-to-1 monomials and binomials have been obtained in [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 65 (12): 7884-7895]. Motivated by their work, in this present paper, we push further the study of 2-to-1 mappings, particularly over finite fields with characteristic 2 (binary case being the most interesting for applications). Firstly, we completely determine 2-to-1 polynomials with degree 5 over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathbb F}_{2^{n}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> using the well-known Hasse-Weil bound. Besides, we consider 2-to-1 mappings with few terms, mainly trinomials and quadrinomials. Using the multivariate method and the resultant of two polynomials, we present two classes of 2-to-1 trinomials, which explain all the examples of 2-to-1 trinomials of the form <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x^{k}+\beta x^{\ell } + \alpha x\in {\mathbb F} _{{2^{n}}}[x]$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n\le 7$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. We derive twelve classes of 2-to-1 quadrinomials with trivial coefficients over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathbb F}_{2^{n}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Thrombin Injection of Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysms Caused by Vascular Access

Purpose To analyze the success and complication rates and factors associated with technical failure of the ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous thrombin injection of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms caused by vascular access. Materials and Methods Records of 30 patients with post-catheterization femoral artery pseudoaneurysms who had been treated with US-guided percutaneous thrombin injections in the department of radiology between March 2009 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The lesion was diagnosed based on US or contrast-enhanced CT. The characteristics of the patients and their lesions were analyzed. Results The mean patient age was 67.8 years. The mean diameter of the pseudoaneurysmal sac was 20.88 mm (5–40 mm). Twenty patients (66.6%) obtained complete thrombosis after the primary injection, while 10 patients (33.3%) obtained partial thrombosis. The number of patients with a low platelet count (< 130 k/µL) was significantly higher in the partial thrombosis group than in the complete thrombosis group (p = 0.02). No substantial procedure-related complications were found in any patient. Conclusion The US-guided percutaneous thrombin injection is considered an initial treatment option for pseudoaneurysms caused by vascular access because of its safety and efficacy.
Atlantic Ocean Ventilation Changes Across the Last Deglaciation and Their Carbon Cycle Implications

Changes in ocean ventilation, controlled by both overturning rates and air‐sea gas exchange, are thought to have played a central role in atmospheric CO2 rise across the last deglaciation. Here, we constrain the nature of Atlantic Ocean ventilation changes over the last deglaciation using radiocarbon and stable carbon isotopes from two depth transects in the Atlantic basin. Our findings broadly cohere with the established pattern of deglacial Atlantic overturning change, and underline the existence of active northern sourced deep‐water export at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We find that the western Atlantic was less affected by incursions of southern‐sourced deep water, as compared to the eastern Atlantic, despite both sides of the basin being strongly influenced by the air‐sea equilibration of both northern and southern deep‐water end‐members. Ventilation at least as strong as modern is observed throughout the Atlantic during the Bølling‐Allerød (BA), implying a “flushing” of the entire Atlantic water column that we attribute to the combined effects of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) reinvigoration and increased air‐sea equilibration of southern sourced deep‐water. This ventilation “overshoot” may have counteracted a natural atmospheric CO2 decline during interstadial conditions, helping to make the BA a “point of no return” in the deglacial process. While the collected data emphasize a predominantly indirect AMOC contribution to deglacial atmospheric CO2 rise, via far field impacts on convection in the Southern Ocean and/or North Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas, the potential role of the AMOC in centennial CO2 pulses emerges as an important target for future work.
Spatial and Temporal Shifts in Historic and Future Temperature and Precipitation Patterns Related to Snow Accumulation and Melt Regimes in Alberta, Canada

Shifts in winter temperature and precipitation patterns can profoundly affect snow accumulation and melt regimes. These shifts have varying impacts on local to large-scale hydro-ecological systems and freshwater distribution, especially in cold regions with high hydroclimatic heterogeneity. We evaluate winter climate changes in the six ecozones (Mountains, Foothills, Prairie, Parkland, Boreal, and Taiga) in Alberta, Canada, and identify regions of elevated susceptibility to change. Evaluation of historic trends and future changes in winter climate use high-resolution (~10 km) gridded data for 1950–2017 and projections for the 2050s (2041–2070) and 2080s (2071–2100) under medium (RCP 4.5) and high (RCP 8.5) emissions scenarios. Results indicate continued declines in winter duration and earlier onset of spring above-freezing temperatures from historic through future periods, with greater changes in Prairie and Mountain ecozones, and extremely short or nonexistent winter durations in future climatologies. Decreases in November–April precipitation and a shift from snow to rain dominate the historic period. Future scenarios suggest winter precipitation increases are expected to predominantly fall as rain. Additionally, shifts in precipitation distributions are likely to lead to historically-rare, high-precipitation extreme events becoming more common. This study increases our understanding of historic trends and projected future change effects on winter snowpack-related climate and can be used inform adaptive water resource management strategies.
Theoretical Study of the Turbulent Combustion of Nitramine Propellant

ABSTRACT Our analysis of the burning of nitramine propellant in a turbulent shear flow involves several preparatory considerations, their development, and subsequent implementation. Involved are the thermochemistry and chemical kinetics of nitramine combustion, a flow model, and a turbulence model. Li and Williams (1996) provide a reduced mechanism for nitramine combustion, one appropriate for incorporation in a turbulent flow analysis. Our fluid mechanical model consists of simple shear flow with a specified thickness and a specified velocity and turbulent intensity in its external stream. The chemical composition of this external stream consists of the complete first stageof the combustion of nitramine. Given the overall complexity of the system, we adopt the model of turbulence rather than a more complete Reynolds stress model. A key parameter in the equations resulting from these considerations is a Reynolds number based on conditions in the external stream and on the shear layer thickness. We exploit the large magnitude of this number in flows of applied interest and carry out an asymptotic analysis. As in related analyses the shear layer is found to involve a two-layer structure: a thin layer which is adjacent to the nitramine surface and in which molecular and turbulent transport exchange dominance, and a thick outer layer involving only turbulent transport. A significant finding from the asymptotic analysis is that combustion of the products of the devolitization of nitramine is confined to the thin inner layer. There are several important consequences of this finding. A parameter relating the characteristic flow and chemical times is determined by the solution for the inner layer. The outer layer involves no combustion and constant density. Since mass transfer is involved, the asymptotic analysis exposes the significant effect of mass transfer on the usual log-law behavior of the mean velocity at the outer edge of the wall layer. Solutions are given for the inner layer for four pairs of values for the two parameters determining the rate of nitramine consumption and the turbulent intensity in the external flow. The outer layer is then described through a representative solution of the corresponding equations. Moreover, an elegant solution for the combustion in the case of laminar flow is presented.
Modulation for Cascaded Multilevel Converters in PV Applications With High Input Power Imbalance

Cascaded multilevel inverters, such as the cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converter, are an attractive solution for multistring photovoltaic (PV) systems, because they enable direct connection to the medium voltage grid and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of multiple strings. As a challenge of the topology, the operation with high power imbalance in the strings is constrained by the overmodulation. This limitation is analyzed for sinusoidal modulation and the impact on the maximum power imbalance is demonstrated. For increasing the operating range with maximum power tracking in the strings, a discontinuous modulation with extended maximum power imbalance and reduced losses is proposed. The method is analyzed in terms of maximum power imbalance, efficiency and power quality. In addition, the method is validated on an experimental test bench.
Development of PLIC-based time synchronization device

The article discusses a method of receiving and processing signals using a programmable logic integrated circuit in order to reduce the cost of time synchronization equipment. These actions are considered by the example of the «Beta» time signal. A method for receiving and processing a signal is described, based on the given structural diagram of the project. The installation was assembled and an experiment was conducted in accordance with the described parameters. The data obtained during the experiment in the form of graphs (spectral analysis of the signal, decoding of the Morse code and the information structure of the signal) are also presented. According to the results of the experiment, it is clear that the received signal from the “Beta” exact time service radio transmitter was received and processed without loss, as evidenced by the spectral analysis, as well as further decoding of the signal. The device fully complies with the set conditions and can be used in banking, metrology, as well as mobile operators, which will significantly reduce their costs. The assembled installation can be used in banking, metrology, and also by mobile operators, which will significantly reduce their time synchronization costs.
Modified Mean-Variance Risk Measures for Long-Term Portfolios

This paper proposes modified mean-variance risk measures for long-term investment portfolios. Two types of portfolios are considered: constant proportion portfolios and increasing amount portfolios. They are widely used in finance for investing assets and developing derivative securities. We compare the long-term behavior of a conventional mean-variance risk measure and a modified one of the two types of portfolios, and we discuss the benefits of the modified measure. Subsequently, an optimal long-term investment strategy is derived. We show that the modified risk measure reflects the investor’s risk aversion on the optimal long-term investment strategy; however, the conventional one does not. Several factor models are discussed as concrete examples: the Black–Scholes model, Kim–Omberg model, Heston model, and 3/2 stochastic volatility model.
A Proposed Model for Social Impact Sukuk

Despite the fact that humanity has totally embraced the 21st century with its technological and innovation outcomes, poverty and social disparity still haunt most of the world’s leaders. This disturbing reality is also a major concern in Muslim countries. Although Shari’ah considers prosperity and the well-being of Muslims as one of its top priorities, most Muslim countries still suffer from high poverty rates and underdevelopment, which impede their prosperity and emergence as economic powers. This paper aims to propose concrete solutions for Islamic finance practitioners that combine both the profit-oriented feature of sukuk, risksharing principle and socioeconomic support to Muslim communities through a proposed Social Impact Sukuk model. The proposed structure is mainly based on the partnership contract (mudarabah), which is considered a cornerstone of Islamic finance. The structure involves a partnership between a Non-Government Organization (NGO) (mudarib) and the investors (rabb al-mal) where the State could be considered as a guarantor. Ultimately, the burden on the State will be optimized through a bilateral partnership between an NGO and private investors.
Evaluation of the relationship between physical activity level and functional capacity, depression and quality of 
life in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity level on functional capacity, depression and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and Methods: Seventy nine patients who were diagnosed with knee OA according to ACR (American College of Rheumatology) criteria who applied to Inonu University, Turgut Özal Medical Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, were included in the study. Radiological stage of knee osteoarthritis was evaluated according to the Kellgren Lawrence score. The patients were divided into two groups as Inadequate Activity Group (IAG) and Physically Active Group (PAG) according to their answers to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Patients were evaluated using the ShortForm 36 (SF-36) questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results: WOMAC physical function scores were lower on PAG. The average BDI score of PAG was significantly lower than IAG. The average SF-36 scores in PAG were found to be significantly higher when compared with the IAG (p <0.05). Conclusion: Increased physical activity in patients with knee osteoarthritis; It has positive effects on functional capacity, depression and quality of life.
Integration of Solar Panels as the Shading Devices to Lower the Indoor Air Temperatures

This study tries to verify how the integration of solar panels as a shading device can reduce indoor air temperature. Two stages of the experiment have been conducted, the first experiment compared the shadowing performance of the solar panels placed parallel in front of the window, while the second experiment compared the shadowing performance of the solar panels placed 45 degrees on the top edge of the window with the panels aligned in front of the window. Two models of similar buildings have been built; to see how much influence the location of solar panels as a shading device, the surface temperature of the glass and indoor air temperature were measured using temperature and humidity data loggers. The measurement results of the first experiment showed that compared to a model without solar panels, especially from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. , significantly decreased by an average of 2.5°C and 0.6°C consecutively to the glass surface temperatures and the indoor air temperatures. In the second experiment, the comparison of shadowing performance between solar panels placed parallel in front of the window with panels placed tilted 45 degrees indicates that especially for windows on the East side the use of solar panels placed parallel in front of the window is more potential. This result also has the potential to become a renewable energy source, but further research is still needed, especially regarding solar panel electricity production capacity.
Axial ring‐down modes in general relativity and in its pseudo‐complex extension

We calculate the axial ring-down frequencies of the merger of two black holes, using a modified version of the pseudo-complex General Relativity (pc-GR) and comparing it with the standard General Relativity (GR). The path, on how to determine the axial modes, serve as a starting point for more general extensions of GR, involving additions of r -dependent functions to g 00 .
Adapting the Dark Target Algorithm to Advanced MERSI Sensor on the FengYun-3-D Satellite: Retrieval and Validation of Aerosol Optical Depth Over Land

Satellite observation is an effective way of obtaining global aerosol information. The study focuses on developing a new scheme to apply the traditional dark target (DT) method to the advanced Medium Resolution Spectral Imager (MERSI II), which is a part of the Chinese Fengyun-3-D satellite. Compared with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), MERSI II shows higher ratios between red (0.65 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and near-infrared (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.13~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) bands in surface reflectance estimation and the green band (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.55~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) that is more sensitive to cloud screening. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is retrieved from earlier MERSI II observations by following the adapted DT method over land in Asia in 2018. Overall, AOD from MERSI II has a good performance compared with ground-based measurements with an expected error (EE%) of 66.38% and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.834, which is close to the MODIS EE% of 70.59% and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.829. Both sensors slightly overestimate the AOD over heavy aerosol loading regions, but MERSI-II has larger retrieval area covering a wider swath than MODIS in heavy hazy areas. On a spatial scale, the MERSI II effectively reflects the AOD distribution pattern but tends to overestimate and underestimate AOD at low and high latitudes, respectively, when compared with MODIS. The MERSI II sensor shows good aerosol detection potential, and the DT algorithm can be applied. MERSI II will provide important observation data on climate change and atmospheric pollution for the investigations in the future.