Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An analysis of school dropout in Mozambique, 2014–15

The level of educational attainment in Mozambique is one of the lowest in the world and primary school completion rate is also very low, not reaching 40 per cent. Using data from the Mozambican Household Budget Survey 2014/15, we study (1) the determinants of school dropout; (2) the variables that are associated with school dropout in the year of the survey, exploiting its panel structure; and (3) infrastructural or social protection interventions in rural villages that can influence dropout, using a propensity score matching analysis. We find that age, child labour, household head's gender and education, and access to services are particularly associated with the probability of dropout, and that early marriage and teen pregnancy are consistently associated with higher dropout rates. Our results also suggest that building or renovating a school or a water facility, or setting up a social protection programme can reduce the probability of dropout. This can be of support to the redesign of the country's education, infrastructural, and social protection policies, especially in rural areas.
Comparative Efficacy of Video and Text Instructional Modalities for an Oral Surgery Technique among Dental Students

Purpose: To gauge the efficacy of video media in pre-doctoral oral and maxillofacial surgery education and compare it to traditional text-based learning materials. Methods: Twenty novice dental students were randomly divided into two groups to place an Erich arch bar to the maxillary dentition of a dentoform. Group A was given a 10-minute video instruction while Group B was given 10 minutes to review written text instruction. All participants were given 45 minutes to place the arch bar on a dentoform while being recorded. This session concluded with a survey of student perceptions using the SEEQ. The students then alternated instructional modalities and again evaluated using the SEEQ. Two double-blinded clinical OMS faculty evaluated the recordings in accordance with the standards detailed in the ABPAS. Results: The difference in the post-instructional skill scores of Group A and Group B students was deemed not significant (p = 0.46). Overall, the students expressed significant preference for the video modality compared to the textual modality. The difference of the scores in each preference category between the video and text modalities were all found to be significant with p-values well below 0.05. Conclusion: Educators must remain cognizant towards the benefits of new technology and continue to explore newer, potentially more efficacious modalities such as interactive teaching materials. These benefits may be utilized to help increase student engagement and 1 Sun et al.: Comparative Efficacy of Video and Text Instructional Modalities f Published by Scholarly Commons, 2018 2 increase long-term retention of the material. It is imperative to understand the limits of each method and balance them strategically to offer comprehensive healthcare training.
Palestine Conflict: An Another Perspective from the Realm of Confiscation of Land and Legitimization

This paper seeks out the historical background of Palestine conflict over the years with its respective stages from the perspective of defining who are Israelis, Jewish and Judaism. How they came and made Israel from historical events and what lure them to occupy this land and developed it for themselves. This paper also sketches a number of geographical patterns pertaining to the ongoing process of confiscation of Palestinian-Arab land in Israel. It points out a geographical pattern and course of action of ―enclaving‖ and ―exclaving‖, a form of spatial apartheid and exclusionary zoning which was espoused during the pre-state period of Jewish settlement and has continued down to the present day. By having findings on the conflict, paper suggest legitimization from the realm of psychological repertoires by following Kurt Lewin model of change for peaceful resolution of Palestine conflict on concluding notes.
17 β-Estradiol protects the liver against warm ischemia-reperfusion injury through the Akt / GSK-3 β pathway

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of the protective effect of 17β-Estradiol (E2) on warm ischemiareperfusion (IR) injury in rat model. Methods: 24 Sprague-Dawley (SD) male and 12 SD female rats were randomized into six groups. Sham group (Male, Female, Male+17β-E2), IR group (Male, Female, Male+17β-E2), 6 per group. E2 (4 mg/kg) was used by peritoneal injection in Male+17β-E2 groups 1 h before IR injury. Male and female group received same quantity of saline. The rats were sacrificed at 6 h after I/R, concentration of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), histomorphology of liver tissue, apoptotic ratio of hepatic cells, expression level of of p-Akt and p-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β) were detected. Results: (1) 6 h after IR injury, the concentration of ALT and apoptotic ratio of hepatic cells in Female and Male+17β-E2 group was significantly lower than in Male group. (2) The degree of hepatic injury in Female and Male+17β-E2 group was lower than in Male group. (3) The activation of p-Akt and p-GSK-3β in Female and Male+17β-E2 group was higher than in Male group. Conclusion: E2 protects the liver against warm IR injury through the Akt/GSK-3β kinase pathway. Estrogen therapy might be a “promising treatment” in clinical settings associated with warm IR injury during hepatectomy.
On optimum distributed detection and robustness of system performance

In this paper we consider some theoretical and practical issues regarding optimum distributed detection systems. The detection systems considered here are parallel distributed detection systems, with each sensor allowed to produce multi-bit output, and the performance optimization criterion is the Neyman-Pearson criterion. For conditionally independent sensor observations, it is shown that the optimum sensor quantizers are likelihood ratio quantizers, and the necessary conditions for optimum quantizer thresholds are obtained. For dependent sensor observations, since the optimum sensor quantizers are not likelihood ratio quantizers and therefore quite difficult to obtain, a suboptimal detection scheme is presented instead. In order to obtain the optimum quantizer thresholds, the conditional densities of sensor observations must be complete known. However in real applications, these densities are rarely known and must be estimated from finite samples. Thus, there exist some differences or variations between the true but unknown densities and the estimated densities that are used to design the optimal systems. Since such variations will certainly cause degradation of system performance, it is necessary to test the system performance in the presence of such variations. The system performance and its robustness with respect to the variations of densities or density parameters are tested in this paper and it is shown that the system performance is quite stable or robust, with respect to such variations.
Linguistic Summaries On Small Screens

Nowadays computers are becoming ever smaller and cheaper, and as a result they have become available everywhere. One major drawback of the small computing devices is their small screen (e.g., PDA's and smartphones) that makes it harder to view large amounts of information. The problem is even worse given the flood of information today's users are facing in their daily tasks. This paper presents LAKE, a flexible summarization system consisting of different independent linguistic modules that can easily be configured and parameterized. The system can be used to reduce the amount of information viewed by users of small-screen devices while maintaining its essence. The system works as follows: a set of linguistically motivated candidate phrases is identified. A learning device then chooses the best phrases. Finally, phrases at the top of the ranking are merged to form a summary. LAKE is tested within the framework of eSMEs, a joint Project of Italdata S.p.A. Siemens Business Services Group and Multiplanning s.r. l. companies.
1 Embedding game-theoretic concepts into system dynamics models : The case of complementary products development

The problem of mutual resource commitment during the development of complementary products is modeled as an evolutionary Prisoner’s Dilemma game. To investigate the effect of different pure and mixed cooperation and/or defection strategies over the period of a technology cycle, a system dynamics simulation model has been built using the resource-based view of the firm. The dynamics of tangible and intangible assets, such as customer base and technological learning, were included in the model. Cooperation and defection payoffs have been assumed to be time-dependent. The model was calibrated using data from the video games industry. Simulations run for different complementors’ strategies show the importance of early cooperation during technology cycles. The model can be used in an interactive mode to evaluate more complex industry-specific strategies.
A faster algorithm for DBSCAN

Clustering is the task of partitioning a set of objects into groups (called clusters) so that the objects in the same cluster are more similar to each other than to those in other clusters. This master thesis focus on improving the running time of DBSCAN, a density-based clustering algorithm. In density-based clustering, the clusters are defined by using a density threshold which is usually defined by the user. DBSCAN is widely used for clustering set of points because it can detect clusters with arbitrary shape and does not need to know the number of clusters beforehand. It only needs two parameters and runs fairly fast as it only requires linear number of range queries on the data. Theoretically, its worst-case running time complexity is O(n 2). When a suitable indexing structure is used (e.g. R*-tree), its performance will be significantly improved and it is claimed that in practice it runs in O(n log n) time. No known algorithm can compute clustering consistent with original DBSCAN algorithm and whose running time is O(n log n). Our main contribution is introducing a faster algorithm for DBSCAN which theoretically runs in O(n log n) time in the worst case. We experimentally investigate the performance of a simplified version of this algorithm and compare it to the original algorithm. The experimental results show that the new algorithm outperforms the original DBSCAN algorithm.
STOx's 2016 Extended Team Description Paper

Este documento muestra el estado actual del equipo de STOx despues su ultima participacion en el ultimo campeonato mundial RoboCup. Entre las caracteristicas mas importantes que vemos que STOx ha logrado un numero de goles convertidos por juego de 2:71, mientras que solo recibio 0:43 objetivos por juego, el mas bajo en comparacion con las participaciones anteriores. Tambien, mostramos dos herramientas importantes desarrolladas e implementadas en nuestro equipo plataforma de software: una que nos permite identificar y reconstruir el ruta parabolica seguida de la pelota despues de una patada de fichas con un promedio error del punto de aterrizaje estimado de menos de 6 cm. La otra herramienta es utilizado para calcular un conjunto de puntos clave para construir juegos dinamicos despues de un tiro libre indirecto. El algoritmo desarrollado proporciona ubicaciones que son buenos candidatos para recibir el pase y disparar a la meta con alta posibilidades de puntuacion y se basa en un problema de optimizacion limitada.
VIBRATION CONTROL OF A NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL SYSTEM EXCITED AT SIMULTANEOUS RESONANCE CASE

Within this article, an active Positive Position Feedback (PPF) controller is applied to suppress the horizontal vibration of a nonlinear magnetic levitation system. The purposed controller is designed to have a natural frequency equal to the excitation frequency of the magnetic levitation system. The multiple scales perturbation method is adopted to derive two nonlinear algebraic equations that describe the whole system vibration amplitudes in terms of the system and controller parameters. The solution’s stability is studied utilizing the indirect method of Lyapunov. Then, numerical validations for the obtained analytical results are performed. The analyses illustrated a good agreement between the numerical and analytical solution, and showed the high efficiency of the PPF controller in suppressing the system vibrations in the presence of primary resonance and 1:1 internal resonance. Eventually, a comparison with previously published work is included.
Comparison of bentonite and zeolite as adsorbent purification process of patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin)

Many attempts to distill of patchouli oil from patchouli plants (Pogostemon cablin) are used the simple method, therefore the patchouli oil that produced does not have the best quality. The yield of patchouli oil is dark because it contains Fe metal. The content of patchouli alcohol compound is still low whereas patchouli alcohol is the main component of patchouli oil. Various ways can be done to purify patchouli oil, one of them is adsorption process. This study aimed to compare the advantages and disadvantages of bentonite and zeolite as adsorbent purification process of patchouli oil. Bentonite and Zeolite can be utilised as adsorbents because their properties and absorbency are influenced by the presence of pore spaces between the clay mineral bonds and the imbalance of electrical charges in their ions. After adsorption, there was a decrease in Fe content and increase in patchouli alcohol level. However, significant increases occur in bentonite adsorption, this is due to several influencing factors including activating acid type, cation type, Si/Al ratio, and pore geometry including inner surface area, pore size distribution, and pore shape. It can be concluded that in purification process of patchouli oil, bentonite has higher adsorption power than zeolite.
Interactive Machine Learning Heuristics in Learning from Users

A BSTRACT End-user interaction with machine learning based systems will result in new usability challenges for the ﬁeld of human computer interaction. Machine learning algorithms are often complicated to the point of being literal black boxes, presenting a unique challenge in the context of interaction with and understanding by end-users. In order to address these challenges, the most relied upon usability inspection method, the heuristic evaluation, must be adapted for the unique end-user experiences that interactive machine learning presents. To address this gap, this paper introduces ten heuristics for interactive machine learning. These heuristics have been developed by distilling design principles from interactive machine learning literature.
Planware – Domain-Specific Synthesis of High-Performance

Planware is a domain-specific generator of highperformance scheduling software, currently being developed at Kestrel Institute. Architecturally, Planware is an extension of the Specware system with domain-independent and domain-dependent parts. The domain-independent part includes a general algorithm design facility (including mechanisms to synthesize global-search and constraint propagation algorithms), as well as support for theorem-proving and witness finding. The domaindependent part includes scheduling domain knowledge and architecture representations, and other domain-specific refinement knowledge that relates the scheduling domain to general algorithm design and data type refinement. Using Planware, the user interactively specifies a problem and then the system automatically generates a formal specification and refines it.
Bioactive Metabolites from Endophytes 2 . 1 Compounds Produced by Coelomycetes

Across the globe, cancer is the second most significant cause for mortality that was responsible for 8.8 million deaths in 2015, and the count is increasing at the alarming pace each year. The longer treatment protocols and the serious side effects of the existing anticancer drugs represent an urgent need to develop safe and effective anticancer drugs. Endophytic fungi offer the prolific source of novel metabolites that bears unique structural and functional capabilities with cytotoxic activity. In recent years, various bioactive metabolites possessing structural diversity have been identified from endophytic fungi and evaluated for their anticancer properties. Bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi have potential to serve as a lead molecule for the pharmacological sector in the development of new drugs. The lower yield of metabolites is a major barrier for the utilization of these molecules for the treatment of cancer; therefore, alternate sources and production methods have been developed. The culture optimization to enhance yield and epigenetic means to activate silenced genes capable of producing novel metabolites were developed to obtain the fungal metabolites in higher quantities. The present review provides a comprehensive data of bioactive metabolites isolated from endophytic fungi harboring terrestrial plants during 2012–2018 (up to June 2018) with focus on their chemical structure, their cytotoxic capabilities, and their mechanism of action. The outlook of epigenetic modulation is discussed in perspectives of enhancing yield and identification of unidentified metabolites.
CONSUMER ADOPTION AND USE OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS: DO PRIVACY AND SECURITY CONCERNS MATTER?

This study examines individuals’ security and privacy concerns with their intention to use mobile applications. A research model was developed from the principal tenets of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and protection motivation theory (PMT) to examine: Do security and privacy concerns impact individuals’ intention to use mobile applications? Our analysis shows support for the relationships among predictor variables (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, concern for information privacy and perceived vulnerability) and the outcome variable (behavioral intention).
Finite element modelling of incompressible problems in geomechanics

Geotechnical problems such as landslides, mud flows and ice flows are often modeled assuming incompressibility and nonlinear visco-elastic/plastic material behavior. This paper examines low order finite element solution techniques for incompressible problems within the context of explicit matrix free algorithms. It is shown that it is necessary to introduce volumetric strain enhancement, as well as the conditioning of creep/plastic strains by allowing a small amount of compressibility to avoid predicting unrealistic pressures. The emphasis in this paper is on the creep of large ice masses. RÉSUMÉ Les problèmes géotechniques tels que les glissements des terres et les coulées de boue et de glace sont souvent modélisés en supposant un comportement incompressible, no linéaire et visqueux-élastique/plastique des matériaux. Ce papier examine les solutions techniques en éléments finis d’ordre réduit pour les problèmes incompressibles dans le cadre de la matrice explicite algorithmes libres. Il est démontré qu'il est nécessaire d'introduire une amélioration de la déformation volumétrique, ainsi que le conditionnement des déformations dues au fluage / plastique en permettant une petite compressibilité pour éviter une prévision irréaliste des pressions. L'accent mis dans ce document est sur le fluage de grandes masses de glace.
Dimensions for the Help-seeking Process Relevant in Organizations

In this survey study, we investigated dimensions relevant to the help-seeking process in organizations. A theoretical framework was developed including two issues: First, dimensions correlating with the help-seeking process including characteristics of the help-seeker, characteristics of the helper, organizational, contextual and technical characteristics; and second, the help-seeking process with four steps, namely decision, identification, interaction, and evaluation. Based on this model, a field survey study was conducted in order to detect correlations between them. Eighty employees of an international biotechnology company were asked to fill-in a questionnaire on these aspects. Means of all help-seeking dimensions were calculated and correlated with the four process steps. Results indicated that almost all dimensions were related with diverse steps of the help-seeking process. This study shows for the first time important correlations between theoretically relevant dimensions of help-seeking and the help-seeking process, which should be taken more into account to improve the workflow.
Association between Chinese eye exercises and onset of myopia : a meta-analysis

Myopia has emerged as a significant public health issue, worldwide. Many interventions have been carried out for myopia prevention, including Chinese eye exercises. However, the effects of these exercises on myopia prevention remain inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Chinese eye exercises and myopia onset. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were researched from inception to July 2018. The primary outcome was association between Chinese eye exercises and onset of myopia. The secondary outcome was association between high-quality Chinese eye exercises and onset of myopia. A total of five studies, including 14,590 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. Results showed that performing Chinese eye exercises was associated with an increased risk for onset of myopia, according to a fixed-effects model [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.39, Pheterogeneity = 0.19, I 2 = 37%]. However, comparisons based on the quality and attitude of eye exercises showed that children performing high-quality eye exercises were associated with a markedly lower risk of myopia onset than those not performing high-quality exercises (pooled OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.11-0.71, Pheterogeneity = 0.02, I 2 = 69%). Present findings suggest that performance of Chinese eye exercises is associated with a higher risk of myopia onset because most students performed low-quality eye exercises. However, performing high-quality Chinese eye exercises significantly lowers rates of myopia onset. Therefore, students should be encouraged to perform high-quality Chinese eye exercises.
The Effects of Angle of Incidence on Diffraction Pattern in the Sun Sensor

The comprehensive optical design of sun sensor needs considering the effect of sunray's angle on the diffraction pattern on the detector plane. For this purpose the diffraction pattern has been simulated on the basis of Fresnel –Kirchhoff integral using MATLAB. The results indicate that by increasing the angle of incoming Sunray the peak location shifts and the diffraction width increases, consequently, the accuracy of the sensor decreases in large angles.