Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTEGRATION OF ROW SPACING, MULCHING AND HERBICIDES ON WEED MANAGEMENT IN TOMATO

A field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during the year 2012 to determine the impact of row spacing and weed management strategies on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The local variety ‘Roma’ was sown in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with split plot arrangements, having four replications. The main plots were row spacings while subplots of the experiment comprised of ten treatments including five mulches viz., white and black polyethylene, wheat straw, newspaper and saw dust, three herbicide treatments (fenoxaprop-pethyl, pendimethalin and s-metolachlor), hand weeding and a weedy check. The data were recorded on weed density m -2 , fresh and dry weed biomass, number of branches plant -1 , and fruit yield (kg ha -1 ). All these parameters were significantly affected by row spacing and weed management treatments. Increase in weed population was observed with increasing in row spacing. The competitiveness of tomato with weeds can be enhanced by using black plastic as mulch. In light of the results, the row spacing of 60 cm is the optimum one for tomato plants, as the fruit yields decreased at 40 cm and 80 cm row spacing.
Compact tunable sub-terahertz oscillators based on Josephson junctions

Essential applications of terahertz technology are urgently in need of compact, tunable solid-state continuous wave radiation sources. However, no satisfactory solution is yet available for the frequency range of up to approximately 1.0 THz. Here, we present coherent radiation from large series arrays of Josephson junctions between 0.1 and 0.25 THz with off-chip radiation power of 7 μW. Niobium junctions oscillate at 4.2 K and the detection has been done at room temperature. The well-known obstacle to impedance matching is overcome by utilizing the excited resonances in the junction substrates serving as dielectric resonator antennae.
A STUDY ON THE ABNORMAL PRICE OF THE EQUITIES OF FIRMS WHICH DISTRIBUTE CASH DIVIDENDS: BIST DIVIDEND 25 INDEX

This study has two main objectives. First is to determine whether or not there is an abnormal return, or in another word, anomaly, in the firms listed in Borsa İstanbul BIST Dividend 25 Index. Second is to determine the price increase or decrease in the equities of firms that are listed among this index and which distributed cash dividends in the last quarter. Study consists of four stages. In the first stage, there are descriptive statistics. In the second stage, abnormal return results are calculated. In the third stage, direction of the correlation among variables are determined. In the final stage, price movements of equity values of firms are analyzed. The results show that, there is a abnormal return in BIST Dividend 25 Index to the contrary of efficient market hypothesis. In addition, the abnormal return is statistically significant.
First Limnological Records of Highly Threatened Tropical High-Mountain Crater Lakes in Ethiopia

Lakes Dendi, Wonchi and Ziqualla are among the few remnants of undisturbed crater lakes in the central highlands of Ethiopia, and have never been investigated reliably owing to seclusion and inaccessibility. As the lakes offer a pristine environment in a beautiful landscape and are located in the vicinity of the capital city Addis Ababa, they are highly threatened by unsustainable tourism, shoreline and crater rim modifications, water abstraction and land grabbing. We provide a first limnological description to establish baseline data against which future environmental and biological changes can be monitored. The lakes are located above 2,800 m elevation with no surface outflow and generally show low concentrations of ions, displaying an equal distribution of readily soluble components like Na or K throughout the water column, but distinct oxygen depletion in greater depths linked to rising concentrations of Fe and Mn, which indicates subterranean springs. Based on nutrients, chlorophyll a, and water transparency, lakes Dendi and Wonchi are classified as oligotrophic and Ziqualla as oligo-mesotrophic. The phytoplankton community is dominated by coccal green algae, desmids and dinoflagellates in lakes Dendi and Wonchi, typical for unpolluted dilute waterbodies; whereas chlorococcales, in particular Botryococcus braunii and benthic diatoms, prevail in Ziqualla. The zooplankton fauna is depauperate, comprising a total of 11 rotifer taxa and 13 crustaceans. Copepods were the most abundant group and contributed over 60% to the total zooplankton abundance in all three lakes, followed by rotifers and cladocerans. The conservation significance of these lakes lies predominantly in their representation of dilute, nutrient–poor highland lake systems that support diverse biota assemblages like desmids and daphnids, which are highly sensitive to eutrophication.
Evaluation of serum hepcidin as a biochemical marker in diagnosis of anemia of chronic disease

Anemia is a serious public health problem. It affects two billion people worldwide, particularly infants and young children mainly in developing countries where its etiology is multifactorial). Anemia in infancy is generally associated with impaired cognitive and behavioral development, impaired oxygen transport and a poorer prognosis in the context of many chronic diseases, including HIV iron bindings or chronic infections. Hepcidin, is a peptide hormone that is synthesized and regulated in response to iron status and the innate immune system, it evolves as the master regulator of iron metabolism, linking iron homeostasis, inflammation, infection and anemia. The molecular control of hepcidin is a part of the innate immune response to pathogens and is stimulated by IL-6, IL-22, type I interferon’s, toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, and the endoplasmic reticulum ABSTRACT
Modelling the effects of global warming on the ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) fauna of beech forests in Bavaria, Germany

We studied the effects of global warming and rising temperatures on the ground beetle fauna of Bavarian beech forests using the space for time approach at two geographical scales. The first was a Bavarian-wide gradient of 50 plots in beech forests and the second a regional gradient in the Bavarian Forest in the mountains in eastern Bavaria consisting of 48 plots, which also included subalpine spruce forests. For purposes of validation, we used backdrop data from 413 additional plots all across Bavaria from a wide range of forest habitats. We found five species that would be favoured and six species that would be disadvantaged by rising temperatures in beech forests. For another five species the conditions within the gradient studied reach both their minimum and their maximum temperatures. As a consequence of increasing temperatures there will be winners and losers in these forests and the species composition of ground beetle communities will change. Approximately the same number of species is likely to profit as will be affected negatively. However, when considering the "global responsibility species" for Germany, the balance is negative. Species may react differently in different habitats and at different regional scales, which must be taken into consideration when applying the results.
Exploring the potential for green revolution: a choice experiment on maize farmers in Northern Ghana.

Conventional modelling approaches to understand farmers’ adoption preferences tend to ignore the range of choices farmers face, as well as the trade-offs among various possibilities to improve crop yield. To address this deficiency, this study employs the choice modelling approach to examine famers’ valuation of various attributes under a Green Revolution package to improve crop yield. It was found that the use of chemical fertilisers and drought-resistant seed varieties was highly valued by farmers in the two regions of Northern Ghana. Information on farmers’ willingness to pay for chemical fertilisers is a useful tool for reducing the current high fertiliser subsidy. Food-insecure farmers, on the other hand, valued organic fertilisers and drought-resistant seeds, while female-headed households among food-secure farmers had a preference for organic fertiliser. Legume intercropping to fix soil fertility has some potential for promotion among farmers, but it was less valued than chemical fertilisers. Farm households did not appear to be interested in using seed varieties that vary in time to maturation, which have potential benefits in the face of current climate variability and future climate change. More in-depth study is required to better understand these issues.
Almost perfect scale - Validity of a perfectionism scale on a Romanian university sample

The aim of the study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Almost Perfect Scale–Revised. We used both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in order to study the construct validity of the scale. The participants were undergraduate psychology students. The reliability estimates for the three APS-R subscale scores showed a good internal consistency. The exploratory factor analysis confirmed a two factor structure. Using the confirmatory factor analysis, the two-factor model approached an acceptable fit. Correlations between APS-R subscales and grade-point average and other perfectionism measures provided convergent and divergent validity support.
Thin-film capable ceramics for humidity and temperature sensing applications

In this paper we present methods to achieve thin-film capable substrates made of Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) without grinding or polishing processes. Two planarization methods are explained and discussed. The first is based on a thin sol-gel layer which is dip coated. The second planarization method utilizes a screen printed glass paste to smoothen the surface of the substrate. The emerging advantage of the modified LTCC surfaces is that thin-films like gold can be deposited and structured with small feature sizes and good electric properties. We will demonstrate the benefit of thin-film capable ceramics utilizing an innovative temperature and humidity sensor. The sensor comprises two interdigital capacitors and two resistors which form an AC bridge circuit. Depended on the external temperature and humidity the bridge is detuned and the amplitude and phase of the output voltage is changed. Index Terms – Thin film, planarization, LTCC, temperature, humidity, sensor
Economic or Amenity Driven Migration? A Cluster-Based Analysis of County Migration in the Four Corners States

Numerous studies have confirmed the importance of both economic and non-economic (or amenity) factors on net domestic migration flows across county boundaries in the U.S. over the past several decades. This study focuses on the counties within the states comprising the Four Corners Region (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah) of the U.S. Initially, regres- sion analysis was employed to explain a proportion of the variation in net migration rates within the region from 1995-2000. Cluster analysis was then used to classify counties into groups that exhibit similar characteristics. The results of the study suggest that only a few of the traditional variables were correlated with migration activity in the Four Corners states; however the cluster-based technique identified four separate county groups which demon- strate the importance of both economic and amenity-based variables.
Geochemical behavior of lead in an alfisol and an ultisol at high levels of contamination

Abstract The behavior of Pb in the A and B horizons of an Alfisol from Michigan and an Ultisol from Virginia was studied to determine the effects of “shock”; loading. Combined sequential extraction‐sorption isotherm analysis (CSSA), a relatively new and little tested method, was used in the study. After spiking to simulate severe contamination (∼3000 to 60,000 mg/kg), CSSA revealed unexpectedly high levels of exchangeable Pb in the A horizon of the Alfisol and in both horizons of the Ultisol, and showed that the sorption capacities of the phases commonly responsible for fixation of Pb at low to moderate levels of contamination were exceeded. Carbonate sorbed the bulk of the Pb in the Alfisol B horizon and has a high sorption capacity in both soils, despite the presence of other phases with a strong affinity for Pb. Thus, when shock loading occurs (e.g., at a shooting range or dump sites), the highly contaminated A horizons of both soils are expected to pose a serious toxic hazard to humans, and groundwate.
Electromagnetic Modeling of Plasma Etch Chamber for Semiconductor Microchip Fabrication

In the plasma etch chamber used to fabricate semiconductor microchips, maintain- ing the symmetry and uniformity of the electric fleld in the plasma discharge region is critical. Very-high-frequency (VHF) RF sources are attractive for such applications as they improve the e-ciency of plasma generation. Electromagnetic efiects become important at these frequencies, and etch chamber design requires careful investigation of the electromagnetic fleld spatial struc- ture in the chamber. In this paper, we apply the flnite-difierence time-domain (FDTD) method to examine various electromagnetic efiects in the plasma etch chamber and investigate strategies for improved chamber design. These efiects include the standing wave efiects and asymmetric fleld distributions that can be caused by asymmetric RF power feed conflgurations. The FDTD method is formulated in both cylindrical and Cartesian coordinate systems to facilitate modeling of rotationally symmetric chamber and asymmetric RF feed structures. The electric fleld dis- tribution generated by various RF feed conflgurations is studied at difierent VHF frequencies. Based on the FDTD simulations, we have been able to identify a variety of design approaches for ensuring electric fleld symmetry and uniformity. When the electromagnetic efiects become signiflcant, it is indispensable to fully understand the electrodynamic behavior of the RF flelds in the etch chambers because any nonuniformity of the electric flelds in the plasma region would directly have an impact on the etch uniformity and quality. In this paper, we apply the FDTD technique (2) to model the RF wave behavior in the chamber. We particularly pay attention to the electric fleld distribution at the wafer level and the corresponding electromagnetic efiects at very high frequency. The FDTD method is formulated in both cylindrical and Cartesian coordinate systems to facilitate modeling of rotationally symmetric chamber and asymmetric RF feed structures. We couple the FDTD formulation with the CPML (2) absorbing boundary conditions to accurately simulate the RF power delivery via a coaxial line. 2. COMPUTATIONAL METHOD DESCRIPTION To make the computational model conformal to the geometrical features in the cylindrical etching chamber, we formulate the FDTD method in the cylindrical coordinate system. In the cylindrical coordinate system, the Maxwell's curl equations for linear, isotropic, nondispersive materials can
Metabolism Energy and Viscosity in Response to Cold and Tropical Cereals Area in Leghorn Pullets

Environmental aspects could influence metabolism energy and viscosity of cereal in poultr y nutrition. Four cereals seeds includes Alvand wheat, Makoie barley (as a cold cereals area), Chamran wheat and Karoun barely (as a tropical cereals area) in Iran were tested for measuring metabolize energy and viscosity. First experiment was arranged by 25 mature rooster using Sibbled methods to examine the metabolize energy. In the second experiment different percentage of cereals in 9 treatments (20 and 40% of Alvand and Makoie wheat and barley respectively) and (20 and 40% Chamran and Karoun, wheat and barley respectively) were used with control diets. The digesta of small intestine viscosity was recorded in the end of this experiment. No significant differences (P>0.05) was observed in gross energy (GE). Apparent metabolism energy (AME), apparent metabolism energy corrected by nitrogen (AMEn) True metabolism energy (TME) and TMEn were significantly higher in wheat than both types of barley. Significant increased (P<0.05) was found in this reflection in AME of Alvand and chamran wheat than both type of barley. In contrast, similar reaction was shown in AMEn, TME and TMEn of Chamran wheat compared with Karoun barley. The lowest significant value (P<0.05) was found in Makoie barley in this respect. There were no significan t differences (P<0.05) between feed intake (FI) and feed conversation ratio (FCR) for all treatments. Corresponding with high level of fiber in karoun and Makoie barley, significantly higher (P<0.05) viscosity was observed in karoun barley than other seed. The result of this study has shown that there was a significantly lower (P<0.05) metabolism energy in Makoie barley as a cold cereal area as well as higher viscosity compared with other examined cereals. This was corresponding with high significant (P<0.05) viscosity and high fiber content of cereal.
The role of Ulmus laevis in German floodplain landscapes

In the past, the spread of modern civilisation has heavily reduced the occurrence of natural woodlands in floodplain landscapes and the numbers of elms have also been reduced on a large scale. At the time of the outbreak of Dutch elm disease (DED), the elm populations may have already been reduced by an estimated 90%. At that time, Ulmus minor was the most common elm species in the riparian forests of lowland Central Europe. Eighty years later, the numbers of U. minor had decreased significantly. Data from three rivers in Saxony, Germany suggest that a further 90% of the trees have succumbed to DED. The survivors have mostly been reduced to shrubs and small trees. Ulmus laevis has taken over the role of the typical and well established elm species in floodplain landscapes. Being less susceptible to DED, the trees dominate parts of floodplain meadow landscapes and riparian forests. However, the overall number is low when compared with other tree species. Most U. laevis trees find only restricted habitats within agricultural landscapes and in many cases the elm itself is the only reminder of the existence of a former riparian wildwood. Also, some individuals show a high degree of crown transparency without having been infected with DED. If elms are to constitute an important part of the floodplain tree flora in the future, it is crucial to protect and enhance the existing U. laevis populations. Controlled provenances can help in the process of re-establishing floodplain forests.
Money and Thinking: Reminders of Money Trigger Abstract Construal and Shape Consumer Judgments

The idea of money reminds consumers of personal strength and resources. Such cues have been found to increase the level of mental construal. Consequently, it was hypothesized and found in five experiments that reminders of money trigger abstract (vs. concrete) mental construals. Participants were primed with money or money-unrelated concepts. Money primes caused a preference for abstract over concrete action identifications (experiment 1), instigated the formation of broader categories (experiment 2), and facilitated the identification of global (vs. local) aspects of visual patterns (experiment 3). This effect extended to consumer judgments: money primes caused a focus on central (vs. peripheral) aspects of products (experiment 4) and increased the influence of quality of parent brands in evaluations of brand extensions. Priming with a little money (experiment 3) or expenditures (experiment 5) did not trigger abstract construals, indicating that the association between money and resources drives the effect.
Extraction and Profiling of Lipids of Isolated Strain Chlorella fw-12 by GC-MS

The sustainability of algal biofuel production systems is achievable. There is regular research on biodiesel fuel into finding more and more appropriate source to enhance oil yield in algal cells. Fossil fuel energy resources are diminishing rapidly and most importantly the liquid fossil fuel will be diminished by the year about 2050. Additionally, fossil fuels are directly related to air pollution, land and water degradation. In order to replace all fossil fuel usage entirely, a large amount of biomass is required to manufacture sufficient bio-oil. Research on biofuel presently focuses on high amount of oil yield. In these circumstances, biofuel from renewable sources like microalgae can be a substitute to reduce our dependency on fossil fuels and assist to maintain the healthy global environment and economic sustainability (Chisti, 2007). Over 50,000 microalgal species are present globally in aquatic and terrestrial environment, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 1801-1810 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Justice and Culture in the Perception of Compensation Fairness

While compensation is a central component in the relationship between employees and employers, it is a relatively under-researched area within human resource management and industrial-organisational psychology. Instead, where much of the compensation research has occurred is within the disciplines of economics and finance, areas where agency theory dominates. This article explores the relationship between culture and compensation practices through the lens of organisational justice theory and contrasts the role of distributive justice with the more recent procedural and interactional justice theories. The article articulates how fairness perceptions are instrumental in determining which compensation practices fit different cultures. The consideration of individual perception is important as there is considerable variability within cultures and many organisations have to deal with increasingly multicultural workforces. A particular contribution of this paper is that it explicitly discusses justice perceptions as an explanatory variable of the relationship between culture and compensation practices, something that frequently has been omitted in prior scholarship. The article further explores the extent to which employee participation in compensation decisions may modify perceptions of fairness, and subsequently how this participation effect may be modified by culture.
A NeuroRobotic Model of Infant Looking Behavior

Migliore, D. , Kerr, E. , Spina, G. , Chandrashekhariah, P., Veale, R. , Gatsoulis, Y. , Triesch, J. (2011). A NeuroRobotic Model of Infant Looking Behavior. Deliverable for the IM-CLeVeR Spring School at the Capo Caccia Cognitive Neuromorphic Engineering Workshop, 1-7 May 2011.
OFFSHORE WIND FARM NETWORK CONNECTIVITY ANALYSIS AND OPTIMISATION USING GRAPH ALGORITHMS AND METRICS

Offshore wind farms are becoming a very important contributor of electricity to national grid systems, including that of the United Kingdom. Wind farms vary considerably in their geographic size and hence capacity. A number of operational and practical factors must be taken into account in designing an optimal spatial layout to make best use of resources including the connectivity cabling of turbine platforms. We consider the cabling layout and some possible wiring patterns based on a minimum spanning tree (MST) approach using graph theory algorithms with weighted edges. We investigate patterns for some actual wind farms currently in operation or under construction off the UK coast. We also explore the scalability of such algorithms for simulated spatial patterns of wind turbines using MST wiring solutions applied to various regular and random turbine layouts.