Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Increased Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome

Objective: Few studies have compared prevalence rates of metabolic abnormalities in antipsychotic-treated patients with different psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this study, we examined components of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older patients with psychiatric disorders. Method: In the study, 203 outpatients older than 40 years and with psychotic symptoms that needed antipsychotic treatment were enrolled. Among them, 65 had a diagnosis of schizophrenia, 56 had dementia, 49 had mood disorder, and 33 had PTSD. Clinical evaluations included medical history, use of psychotropic and other medications, adverse effects, physical examination, and clinical laboratory tests for metabolic profiles. Results: Overall, the prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome were 72% in patients with PTSD, 60% in those with schizophrenia, 58% in those with mood disorder, and 56% in those with dementia. There were significant differences in body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol among the 4 diagnostic groups. Posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, and mood disorder groups had significantly higher body mass indexes compared with the dementia group. The PTSD group also had significantly higher diastolic blood pressure compared with the dementia and mood disorder groups. Conclusions: Posttraumatic stress disorder may be associated with worsened metabolic profile. The overall frequency of metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with PTSD taking antipsychotics seemed to be at least equivalent, if not slightly worse, compared with that in patients with schizophrenia, dementia, or a mood disorder.
SD2D: A Novel Routing Architecture for Network-on-Chip

Properly structural scalable interconnection architecture may significantly increase the performance of a Network-on-Chip (NoC) in terms of scalability, modularity, transport latency and parallelism in communication. Well constructed network architecture can also balance load of the network and try to reduce the chance of causing a hot spot on the network. In this work, our primary objective was to design an efficient NoC architecture to increase its performance in all these aspects with distribution of the load across the network as well as trying to reduce the diameter of the network in order to reduce the cost of routing. In this paper, we present a new architecture, called Structural Diametrical 2D (SD2D) mesh based on Structural Diametrical XY deterministic routing algorithm that tries to balance the load of the network, increase the level of parallelism, ensures that the packet will always reach the destination through the possible shortest as well as deadlock free path.
Population structure of Cicada barbara Stål (Hemiptera, Cicadoidea) from the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco based on mitochondrial DNA analysis

Abstract We assess the genetic history and population structure of Cicada barbara in Morocco and the Iberian Peninsula, based on analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. The divergence between Morocco and the Iberian Peninsula populations was strongly corroborated by the molecular data, suggesting genetically isolated populations with a low level of gene flow. The Ceuta population from Spanish North Africa was more similar to the Iberian populations than the surrounding Moroccan populations, suggesting that the Strait of Gibraltar has not been acting as a strict barrier to dispersal while the Rif Mountains have. The Iberian Peninsula specimens showed a signature of demographic expansion before that which occurred in Morocco, but some of the assumptions related to the demographic parameters should be considered with caution due to the small genetic variation found. The high haplotype diversity found in Morocco implies higher demographic stability than in the Iberian Peninsula populations. These results do not, however, suggest a Moroccan origin for Iberian cicadas; but the most northwest region in Africa, such as Ceuta, might have acted as a southern refuge for Iberian cicadas during the most severe climatic conditions, from where they could expand north when climate improved. The separation of two subspecies within C. barbara (C. barbara lusitanica and C. barbara barbara) finds support with these results.
Diet and gastric cancer: a case-control study in Shanghai urban districts.

OBJECTIVE The incidence rates of gastric cancer in Shanghai urban districts have been markedly declining over the past three decades. From 1972 to 2001 the age-adjusted incidence rates of gastric cancer decreased from 62.0 to 32.5 per 100,000 in men and from 23.9 to 16.9 per 100,000 in women. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between environmental factors, in particular dietary factors, and the development of gastric cancer in those who lived in Shanghai urban districts for more than 15 years, and to explore the causes that led to the reduction of the incidence rates of gastric cancer in Shanghai. METHODS One hundred and eighty-nine patients with gastric cancer and 567 age and sex-matched controls were surveyed with a questionnaire. SPSS software package was used to perform the univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis modeling. RESULTS Vitamin supplements, use of home refrigerators, high consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, bean and dairy products, and good meal habits were protective factors against gastric cancer. However, family history of cancer, chronic gastric diseases, increased intake of salted, pickled, fried and smoked foods, poor meal habits, smoking and alcohol drinking were risk factors for gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS The reduction of the incidence of gastric cancer in Shanghai urban district in the past three decades is closely related to environmental factors, in particular dietary factors and wide use of home refrigerators.
Hollow optical fibers for ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet light

Hollow optical fibers composed of glass capillary tubing with an inner coating of aluminum thin film are fabricated for delivery of ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet light. The aluminum film is formed by a chemical vapor deposition method employing a metalorganic aluminum as a precursor. Transmission properties of the aluminum-coated hollow fibers are evaluated with ArF- and F/sub 2/-excimer lasers. Spectroscopy measurement in the vacuum ultraviolet region is also performed.
Metal-dielectric object classification by combining polarization property and surface spectral reflectance

We propose a method for automatically classifying multiple objects in a natural scene into metal or dielectric. We utilize polarization property in order to classify the objects into metal and dielectric, and surface-spectral reflectance in order to segment the scene image into different object surface regions. An imaging system is developed using a liquid crystal tunable filter for capturing both polarization and spectral images simultaneously. Our classification algorithm consists of three stages; (1) highlight detection based on luminance threshold, (2) material classification based on the spatial distribution of the degree of polarization at the highlight area, and (3) image segmentation based on illuminant-invariant representation of the spectral reflectance. The feasibility of the proposed method is examined in detail in experiments using real-world objects.
Verification and tissue-specific expression of nifU-like gene from the amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri

A nifU-like gene exhibiting similarity to nifU of nitrogen fixation gene cluster was identified for the first time from the gut cDNA library of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri. Both RT-PCR and Northern blotting as well as in situ hybridization histochemistry verified that the cDNA represents an amphioxus nifU-like gene rather than a microbial contaminant. The nifU-like gene encodes a protein of 164 amino acid residues including a highly-conserved U-type motif (C–X26–C–X43–C), and shares 66–86% identity to NifU-like proteins from a variety of species including vertebrates, invertebrates and microbes. It is expressed in a tissue-specific manner in the digestive system including epipharyngeal groove, endostyle, hepatic caecum and hindgut and in the gill, ovary and testis. Taken together, it is highly likely that NifU-like protein plays some tissue-dependent and critical role in amphioxus.
A permutation-based pyramid broadcasting scheme for video-on-demand systems

Periodic broadcasting can be used to support near video on demand for popular videos. For a given bandwidth allocation, pyramid broadcasting schemes substantially reduce the viewer latency (waiting) time as compared with conventional broadcasting schemes. Nevertheless, such pyramid schemes typically have substantial storage requirements at the client end, and this results in set top boxes needing disks with high transfer rate capabilities. We present a permutation based pyramid scheme in which the storage requirements and disk transfer rates are greatly reduced, and yet the viewer latency is smaller as well. Under the proposed approach, each video is partitioned into contiguous segments of geometrically increasing sizes and each segment is further divided into blocks, where a block is the basic unit of transmission. As in the original pyramid scheme, frequencies of transmission for the different segments of a video vary in a manner inversely proportional to their size. Instead of transmitting the block in each segment in sequential order, the proposed scheme transmits these blocks in a prespecified cyclic permutation to save on storage requirements in the client end. Performance analyses are provided to quantify the benefits of the new scheme.
Biochemistry of sulfur-containing amino acids.

The literature on sulfur amino acid metabolism is too vast for a short chapter to cover in great depth. I attempt here a brief overview with references to many specialized review articles. This review emphasizes aspects of sulfur amino acid metabolism elucidated in the last ten years, in particular aspects not generally covered in biochemistry texts, e.g. transaminative pathways of methionine metabolism. A selected list of reviews is given in references 1-15. References to reviews on glutathione are covered in the chapter by A. Meister in this volume (1a).
Replies to: The danger to cytopathology of over‐specialization and its relevance for histopathology

of primary cutaneous ACC. In cutaneous ACC, local recurrences are frequent (>50% of cases), and lymph node and ⁄ or lung metastases have occasionally been reported. Recently, a case with pericardial metastasis has also been reported. Although FNA is a well-recognized diagnostic method for neoplasms, its application in cutaneous tumours has not as yet become widely practised. In 1998, Daskalopoulou et al. reported the cytological findings of a cutaneous ACC in the left axilla in an 80year-old woman and their cytological features were the same as those described in the presented case. Parwani et al. have described the presence of retraction halos in alcohol-fixed smears in an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular salivary gland but this feature was neither seen in the previously reported cutaneous ACC nor in the present case. The main differential diagnosis of cutaneous ACC is dermal cylindroma because both neoplasms share purple homogeneous hyaline globules stained with Diff-Quik, but the cellularity is quite different; only ACC gives hypercellular smears with nuclear crowding, small visible nucleoli and numerous naked nuclei. The adenoid variant of basal cell carcinoma could also be included in the differential diagnosis but this tumour lacks the typical purple hyaline globules and contains small and dark cells in groups with peripheral palisading. Finally, the cytological features of primary cutaneous ACC are indistinguishable from metastatic ACC. In conclusion, we have reported the cytological features of primary cutaneous ACC in the scalp. Although the cytological findings of this neoplasm are easily recognised, a metastatic visceral ACC and a dermal cylindroma should be ruled out before rendering the diagnosis of primary cutaneous ACC.
A human CD2 minigene directs CRE‐mediated recombination in T cells in vivo

Summary: We have produced a mouse line that expresses the Cre recombinase under the regulation of a human CD2 minigene to facilitate Cre‐specific recombination in T lymphocytes. These mice express Cre in thymocytes and T cells and are capable of efficient site‐specific recombination as shown in the spleen and thymus, but not other tissues. These mice thus provide an excellent resource for the study of gene function during thymocyte development and in mature T cells. genesis 33:181–184, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Explorer Tau Causes Synapse Loss without Disrupting Calcium Homeostasis in the rTg 4510 Model of Tauopathy

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of tau are one of the defining hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and are closely associated with neuronal degeneration. Although it has been suggested that calcium dysregulation is important to AD pathogenesis, few studies have probed the link between calcium homeostasis, synapse loss and pathological changes in tau. Here we test the hypothesis that pathological changes in tau are associated with changes in calcium by utilizing in vivo calcium imaging in adult rTg4510 mice that exhibit severe tau pathology due to over-expression of human mutant P301L tau. We observe prominent dendritic spine loss without disruptions in calcium homeostasis, indicating that tangles do not disrupt this fundamental feature of neuronal health, and that tau likely induces spine loss in a calcium-independent manner. Citation: Kopeikina KJ, Wegmann S, Pitstick R, Carlson GA, Bacskai BJ, et al. (2013) Tau Causes Synapse Loss without Disrupting Calcium Homeostasis in the rTg4510 Model of Tauopathy. PLoS ONE 8(11): e80834. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0080834 Editor: Chad A. Dickey, University of South Florida Alzheimer's Institute, United States of America Received August 16, 2013; Accepted October 15, 2013; Published November 20, 2013 Copyright: © 2013 Kopeikina et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: These studies were supported by National Institutes of HealthGrants T32AG000277, AG026249, AG08487, R00AG33670 and P50AG05134 as well as the Alzheimer's Association Zenith Award. Further support came from Harvard Catalyst and the Harvard Neurodiscovery Center. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: tara.spires-jones@ed.ac. uk ¤ Current address: Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
Dedifferentiation of intrinsic response properties of motoneurons in organotypic cultures of the spinal cord of the adult turtle

Explant cultures from the spinal cord of adult turtles were established and used to study the sensitivity of the intrinsic response properties of motoneurons to the changes in connectivity and milieu imposed by isolation in culture. Transverse sections 700 μm thick were explanted on cover slips and maintained in roller‐tube cultures in medium containing serum and the growth factors brain‐derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF), neurotrophin‐3 (NT3), glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). The gross morphology of acute sections was maintained after 4 weeks in culture. Cell bodies of motoneurons remained stainable in fixed cultures with an antibody against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) throughout the culture period. During culture, motoneurons maintained stable resting membrane potentials and were contacted by functional synapses. The ability to generate action potentials was also preserved as was delayed inward rectification and generation of calcium spikes in the presence of tetra‐ethyl ammonium (TEA). In response to depolarization, however, motoneurons presented strong outward rectification, and only 41% of the cells recorded from maintained the ability to fire repetitively. By the second week in culture, a fraction of motoneurons displayed fast and slow transient outward rectification and low‐threshold calcium spikes, features not seen in turtle motoneurons in acute slices. On the other hand, properties mediated by L‐type Ca2+ channels disappeared during the first few days in culture. Our observations show that the phenotypical intrinsic response properties of mature spinal motoneurons are modified in explant cultures. The properties acquired resemble the properties in juvenile motoneurons in several species of terrestrial vertebrates.
Scene Interpretation Using 3-D Information Extracted From Monocular Color Images

In this paper, we present a method which interprets a monocular color image using three dimensional( 3-D) information extracted dim ing the interpretation process. First, an inpiit im- age is segmented into regions each of which has uniform brightness and color. Then the regions are interpreted utilizing knowledge about objects such as color, size and shape, and candidate re- gions for the objects are determined. For some candidate regions, the 3-D information can be ex- tracted such as position, direction, or size. Once the 3-D information is obtained, it can improve the current result of interpretation and constrains the interpretation for other regions. By iterating this process, the current interpretation result is improved and more accurate one is obtained. As the final result, the interpretation labels for the re- gions in the image and 3-D relationships between the objects are obtained. Experiment for several road scenes has proved the validity of the method.
Repetitive substorms caused by Alfvénic waves of the interplanetary magnetic field during high‐speed solar wind streams

[1] Substorms sometimes occur repetitively with a period of ∼1–4 hours. In this paper we examine repetitive substorms, identified using particle injections and positive H bays on the nightside, that we find to occur during corotating high-speed streams associated with coronal holes. The high-speed streams often last for several days and are accompanied by large amplitude Alfven waves of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). We find that repetitive substorms occur every ∼1–4 hours, regardless of the solar cycle phase, whenever the Earth's magnetosphere is impinged by these high-speed streams. We further find that a significant number of these substorms are associated with repetitive northward turnings of the Alfvenic IMF, each northward turning preceded by weakly-to-moderately southward IMF, i.e., Bz ∼ −3.6 nT for ∼29 min on the average. We present eight example intervals where most of the repetitive substorms were associated with a northward turning. Statistically, for 63.5% of 312 substorms we are able to identify a reasonable association with a northward turning. While limitations of the Weimer-mapped IMF used here and the spatial structure of the Alfvenic IMF prevent us from estimating a precise figure for the percentage of IMF triggered substorms, our results indicate that many of the repetitive substorms are likely due to repetitive triggering by the Alfvenic IMF.
Adult Affective Disorder and Early Environment

Childhood precursors of symptoms of depression and anxiety were investigated in a national population sample of over 3000 men and women, aged 36 years. Early-life data had been collected prospectively for all subjects. A number of factors, differing for men and women, were found to be significant predictors of adult disorder. Some factors showed strong effects but tended to apply to relatively few individuals, while other more common circumstances had modest influences. Overall, early environment did not seem to hold great significance for adult affective disorder, although multiple disadvantages had a cumulative deleterious effect. There was little evidence of early benefits being protective.
Tetraspan cargo adaptors usher GPI-anchored proteins into multivesicular bodies

Ubiquitinated membrane proteins are sorted into intralumenal endosomal vesicles on their way for degradation in lysosomes. Here we summarize the discovery of the Cos proteins, which work to organize and segregate ubiquitinated cargo prior to its incorporation into intralumenal vesicles of the multivesicular body (MVB). Importantly, cargoes such as GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) that cannot undergo ubiquitination, rely entirely on Cos proteins for sorting into intralumenal vesicles using the same pathway that depends on ESCRTs and ubiquitin ligases that typical polytopic membrane proteins do. Here we show Cos proteins provide functions as not only adaptor proteins for ubiquitin ligases, but also as cargo carriers that can physically usher a variety of other proteins into the MVB pathway. We then discuss the significance of this new sorting model and the broader implications for this cargo adaptor mechanism, whereby yeast Cos proteins, and their likely animal analogs, provide a ubiquitin sorting signal in trans to enable sorting of a membrane protein network into intralumenal vesicles.
ERP innovation implementation model incorporating change management

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to develop and provide a preliminary validation of a model for how change management during an ERP implementation affects the effectiveness of that ERP implementation.Design/methodology/approach – This paper proposes a revised Klein et al. innovation implementation model that explicitly considers change management. The applicability of the revised model to describe the effect of change management on the implementation climate and implementation effectiveness of an ERP implementation is assessed using a case study at a large Australian multinational organisation.Findings – Specific change management activities are identified and described. Qualitative verification of a proposed ERP innovation implementation model that incorporates the effect of change management is provided.Originality/value – Change management was seen as being an important factor in influencing the effectiveness of the ERP project. This study is the first step in the longer‐term empirical validat.