Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Audible sound field visualization by using Schlieren technique

Abstract This paper introduces the Schlieren method coupled with spatio-temporal FIR filter banks for visualizing an audible sound field. A two-lens Schlieren system is used for observing the physical properties of sound. However, the pressure of the audible sound field is very small, making it difficult to visualize the audible sound field by using only the Schlieren technique. In our previous work, the spatiotemporal filters were proposed for enhancing visibility of the audible sound field. However, the information about the sound field can only be extracted if the frequency of the signal of interest, which is sound, was known. To extract the information of sound field without any prior knowledge about sound signal, the spatio-temporal filter banks are proposed. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, a 2-dimensional Green’s function is used to generate simulated Schlieren videos. The proposed method is applied on the simulated sound field videos to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The results indicate that the proposed method is effective for enhancing the visibility of the audible sound field.
Finishing of internal and external surfaces produced by Powder Bed Fusion

The objective of this study is to propose and evaluate various surface finishing techniques aimed at reducing the external and internal surface roughness of AM parts. In the tool and die sectors, integration of conformal cooling channels by Additive Manufacturing (AM) is of great interest. For the investigation, samples were specifically designed with different channel geometries and diameters and printed in Maraging Steel (Grade 300) by Powder Bed Fusion (PBF). Three different techniques for surface posttreatment were investigated including: Vibro-finishing, sandblasting followed by vibro-finishing and chemically assisted vibrofinishing. Microscopy analyses and profilometry were adopted to understand the effects and phenomena regarding to each process.
In-process measurement of machine structure deformation and compensation of resulting work piece inaccuracies

This paper focuses on solution approaches in order to compensate work piece inaccuracies due to thermal deformation of metal cutting machine tools. A newly developed concept has been verified, which focuses on the direct measurement of thermo-elastic deformations within the structure of machine tools. The solution approach is to measure deformations of machine components directly with multiple specially designed strain sensors. This information can be utilised with a compensation method in order to correct resulting work piece inaccuracies. Compensation can be achieved with the help of a mathematical model, which is used to predict the overall deviation between work piece and tool. The deviation can then be corrected by applying corrective feed axis motion controlled by the machine controller.
In vitro internalization of moldey ion Rhodamine B in ovine mesenchymal stem cell: A comparative study

Ovine adipose and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated by Collagenase digestion and cultured upto passage 6. Cultured adipose and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs and BM-MSCs) at passage 4, 5 and 6 were labelled with Moldey Ion Rhodamine-B (MIRB) at the concentration of 25 ul of MIRB in 1ml of culture medium. The internalization of iron particles was assessed by calorimetric technique after 72 hours of incubation. Internalisation did not require any induction method. The results indicated that 16.5 to 18.1 pg and 17.0 to 18.2 pg of Fe was inernalised within the cytoplasm of adipose and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells respectively after 72 hrs of incubation at P4, P5 and P6. However, in both AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs, internalisation with MIRB particles did not affect the viability and proliferation of the stem cells.
Biomineralization of Carbonate Minerals: Implications for Rhodolith Formation

Rhodoliths play an important role in the production of carbonate sediments but it is still unclear how rhodoliths are formed. The objective of this study was to identify the formation factors and the mineralogical characteristics of rhodoliths. The microorganisms that were cultivated from the rhodoliths were inoculated into D-1 media with various ratios of Ca-:Mg-acetate(60:0~0:60 mM). XRD analyses showed that both precipitates and rhodoliths are Mg-rich calcite. Calcite was formed with Ca-:Mg-acetate(60:0, 60:20 mM) and Mg-rich calcite was formed with Ca-:Mg-acetate(30:30, 20:60 mM), which is close to the actual ratio of Ca:Mg in the seawater the rhodoliths were collected. Huntite was formed with Ca-:Mg-acetate(0:60 mM). Carbonate minerals were not formed without Ca, Mg-acetate. SEM-EDS analyses showed that Mg-rich calcite formed by the microorganisms had rhombohedron shape and consisted of Ca, Si and Mg with extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). These results indicate that the microorganisms induce precipitation of Mg-rich calcite on the cell walls and EPS via the accumulation of Ca and/or Mg ions on the cells. 16s rRNA analyses of the carbonate precipitating microorganisms show that they are Proteus mirabilis. Ca:Mg ratio and microorganisms control carbonate mineralogy, and microbial formation of carbonates may play an important role in Ca, Mg and C biogeochemistry as well as rhodolith formation and carbon fixation in natural environments.
THE IMAGE-SOURCE REVERBERATION MODEL IN AN N-DIMENSIONAL SPACE

The image method is generalized to geometries with an arbitrary number of spatial dimensions. n-dimensional (n-D) acoustics is discussed, and an algorithm for n-D room impulse response calculations is presented. Synthesized room impulse responses (RIRs) from n-D rooms are presented. RIR characteristics are discussed, and computational considerations are examined.
Weak Influence of Paleoenvironmental Conditions on the Subsurface Biosphere of Lake Ohrid over the Last 515 ka

Lacustrine sediments are widely used to investigate the impact of climatic change on biogeochemical cycling. In these sediments, subsurface microbial communities are major actors of this cycling but can also affect the sedimentary record and overprint the original paleoenvironmental signal. We therefore investigated the subsurface microbial communities of the oldest lake in Europe, Lake Ohrid (North Macedonia, Albania), to assess the potential connection between microbial diversity and past environmental change using 16S rRNA gene sequences. Along the upper ca. 200 m of the DEEP site sediment record spanning ca. 515 thousand years (ka), our results show that Atribacteria, Bathyarchaeia and Gammaproteobacteria structured the community independently from each other. Except for the latter, these taxa are common in deep lacustrine and marine sediments due to their metabolic versatility adapted to low energy environments. Gammaproteobacteria were often co-occurring with cyanobacterial sequences or soil-related OTUs suggesting preservation of ancient DNA from the water column or catchment back to at least 340 ka, particularly in dry glacial intervals. We found significant environmental parameters influencing the overall microbial community distribution, but no strong relationship with given phylotypes and paleoclimatic signals or sediment age. Our results support a weak recording of early diagenetic processes and their actors by bulk prokaryotic sedimentary DNA in Lake Ohrid, replaced by specialized low-energy clades of the deep biosphere and a marked imprint of erosional processes on the subsurface DNA pool of Lake Ohrid.
DENSIFICATION RATE INFLUENCE ON NANOPOWDER COMPACTIBILITY

The paper concerns processes of high-speed compaction of nanosized powders. The processes of uniform and uniaxial compaction have been simulated by the granular dynamics method. Nanoparticles interaction, in addition to known contact laws, includes dispersive attraction, formation of a strong interparticle bonding as well as the forces caused by viscous stresses in the contact region. For different densification rates, the densification curves (pressure vs. density) have been calculated. Relaxation of the stresses after the compression stage has been analyzed. The densification curves analysis allows us to suggest the dependence of compaction pressure as a function of strain rate in the form of 1/8 p v ∝ . The rate dependence obtained has been applied for interpretation of experimental data concerning high-speed processes of magnetic pulsed compaction of nanopowders.
Relationship Between Structure and Energy of Symmetric Tilt Grain Boundaries in Ag and Ni

The objective of this study is to obtain the correlation between energy and structure of symmetric tilt grain boundaries (STGB) around a [100] axis in Ag and Ni. The atomic simulations use LAMMPS, a parallel molecular dynamics code, with the embedded atom model potential (EAM) to calculate the energies of 200 grain boundaries in FCC bicrystals of Ag and Ni. The results show a similar variation in energy as a function of misorientation for the two metals. This variation has energy minima for Σ5 and Σ13 boundaries. The grain boundaries structures, described by the structural units model, are of two types. Simple types for the STGB Σ5 and Σ13 are generally associated with low energies and a complex type for the STGB Σ65 is associated with high energies. A pairwise comparison of grain boundary energy (Ag vs. Ni) shows a correlation between the grain boundary energy and shear modulus which is consistent with the Read and Shockley model
A large scale analysis of hundreds of in-memory cache clusters at Twitter

Modern web services use in-memory caching extensively to increase throughput and reduce latency. There have been several workload analyses of production systems that have fueled research in improving the effectiveness of in-memory caching systems. However, the coverage is still sparse considering the wide spectrum of industrial cache use cases. In this work, we significantly further the understanding of real-world cache workloads by collecting production traces from 153 in-memory cache clusters at Twitter, sifting through over 80 TB of data, and sometimes interpreting the workloads in the context of the business logic behind them. We perform a comprehensive analysis to characterize cache workloads based on traffic pattern, time-to-live (TTL), popularity distribution, and size distribution. A fine-grained view of different workloads uncover the diversity of use cases: many are far more write-heavy or more skewed than previously shown and some display unique temporal patterns. We also observe that TTL is an important and sometimes defining parameter of cache working sets. Our simulations show that ideal replacement strategy in production caches can be surprising, for example, FIFO works the best for a large number of workloads.
Dopamine is a double-edged sword: Enhancing memory retrieval performance at the expense of metacognition

While memory encoding and consolidation processes have been linked with dopaminergic signaling for a long time, the role of dopamine in episodic memory retrieval remained mostly unexplored. Based on previous observations of striatal activity during memory retrieval, we used pharmacological fMRI to investigate the effects of dopamine on retrieval performance and metacognitive memory confidence in healthy humans. Dopaminergic modulation by the D2 antagonist haloperidol administered acutely during the retrieval phase improved recognition accuracy of previously learned pictures significantly and was associated with increased activity in the SN/VTA, locus coeruleus, hippocampus and amygdala during retrieval. In contrast, confidence for new-decisions was impaired by unsystematically increased activity of the striatum across confidence levels and restricted range of responsiveness in frontostriatal networks under haloperidol. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms underlying memory retrieval and metacognition and provide a broader perspective on the presence of memory problems in dopamine-related diseases and the treatment of memory disorders.
Lubrication and shallow-water systems Bernis-Friedman and BD entropies

This paper concerns the results recently announced by the authors, in C.R. Acad. Sciences Maths volume 357, Issue 1, 1-6 (2019), which make the link between the BD entropy introduced by D. Bresch and B. Desjardins for the viscous shallow-water equations and the Bernis-Friedman (called BF in our paper) dissipative entropy introduced to study the lubrication equations. More precisely different dissipative BF entropies are obtained from the BD entropies playing with drag terms and capillarity formula for viscous shallow water type equations. This is the main idea in the paper which makes the link between two communities. The limit processes employ the standard compactness arguments taking care of the control in the drag terms. It allows in one dimension for instance to prove global existence of nonnegative weak solutions for lubrication equations starting from the global existence of nonnegative weak solutions for appropriate viscous shallow-water equations (for which we refer to appropriate references). It also allows to prove global existence of nonnegative weak solutions for fourth-order equation including the Derrida-Lebowitz-Speer-Spohn equation starting from compressible Navier-Stokes type equations.
Synthetic Silviculture: Multi-scale Modeling of Plant Ecosystems

Due to the enormous amount of detail and the interplay of various biolog- ical phenomena, modeling realistic ecosystems of trees and other plants is a challenging and open problem. Previous research on modeling plant ecologies has focused on representations to handle this complexity, mostly through geometric simplifications, such as points or billboards. In this paper we describe a multi-scale method to design large-scale ecosystems with individual plants that are realistically modeled and faithfully capture biological features, such as growth, plant interactions, different types of tropism, and the competition for resources. Our approach is based on leveraging inter- and intra-plant self-similarities for efficiently modeling plant geometry. We focus on the interactive design of plant ecosystems of up to 500K plants, while adhering to biological priors known in forestry and botany research. The introduced parameter space supports modeling properties of nine dis- tinct plant ecologies while each plant is represented as a 3D surface mesh. The capabilities of our framework are illustrated through numerous models of forests, individual plants, and validations.
NOVEL TOOLS TO EVALUATE ATM SYSTEMS COUPLING UNDER FUTURE DEPLOYMENT SCENARIOS

This deliverable presents the improvement planned to be performed until the end of the project regarding the model (implementation changes, recalibration and the simulation outputs), plus the metrics and scenarios that will be re-run with the model. These changes are based on the insights gathered through the analysis activities performed in the scope of investigative case studies (see D3.2 Investigative case studies description and D5.2 Investigative case studies results) and the feedback obtained from experts and stakeholders on the different workshops activities performed (see D6.3 Workshop results summary). These insights highlighted missing features of the model and potential improvements, as well as some gaps and shortcomings. The scenarios for this analysis have been chosen highly selectively in order to prioritise the depth of the analysis and methodology development over a large number of scenarios, as these have already been analysed in the scope of the investigative case studies. The opinions expressed herein reflect the authors’ views only. Under no circumstances shall the SESAR Joint Undertaking be responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein.
Model of Early Diagenesis in the Upper Sediment with Adaptable complexity – MEDUSA (v. 2): a time-dependent biogeochemical sediment module for Earth system models, process analysis and teaching

Abstract. MEDUSA is a time-dependent one-dimensional numerical model of coupled early diagenetic processes in the surface sea-floor sediment. In the vertical, the sediment is subdivided into two different zones. Solids (biogenic, mineral, etc.) raining down from the surface of the ocean are collected by the reactive mixed layer at the top. This is where chemical reactions take place. Solids are transported by bioturbation and advection, and solutes are transported by diffusion and bioirrigation. The classical coupled time-dependent early diagenesis equations (advection–diffusion reaction equations) are used to describe the evolutions of the solid and solute components here. Solids that get transported deeper than the bottom boundary of the reactive mixed layer enter the second zone underneath, where reactions and mixing are neglected. Gradually, as solid material gets transferred here from the overlying reactive layer, it is buried and preserved in a stack of layers that make up a synthetic sediment core. MEDUSA has been extensively modified since its first release from 2007. The composition of the two phases, the processes (chemical reactions) and chemical equilibria between solutes are not fixed any more, but get assembled from a set of XML-based description files that are processed by a code generator to produce the required Fortran code. 1D, 2D and 2D×2D interfaces have been introduced to facilitate the coupling to common grid configurations and material compositions used in biogeochemical models. MEDUSA can also be run in parallel computing environments using the Message Passing Interface (MPI).
Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) and Punica granatum (Pomegranate Peel) Extracts as Herbal Denture Cleansers in Geriatric Denture Wearers: An in vivo Screening Study

Introduction: Denture cleansing is an important procedure to prevent the accumulation of plaque. Patients often also use household cleansers as it can be easily made, safe to use and of low cost. Ocimum sanctum and Punica granatum are well known for its therapeutic uses. However, studies documenting its use in Prosthodontics and its effect on complete dentures are rare. Aims and Objectives- To evaluate and compare the change of microbial count on the tissue surface of the maxillary denture on immersion in Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) extract and Punica granatum (Pomegranate peel) extract solution after 1 day and 1 week of complete denture insertion. Materials And Methods- Aqueous solution of Ocimum Sanctum and Punica Granatum extract solutions were prepared by cold extraction method. A total of 30 complete denture patients were selected. Patients were divided into three groups: Group A: 10 patients were given distilled water as control for denture immersion. Group B: 10 patients were given formulated Ocimum sanctum extract solution for denture immersion. Group C: 10 patients were given formulated Punica granatum extract solution for denture immersion. Swab were taken from each group from the tissue surface of upper denture and sent for microbial analysis post one day and one week of usage. Results-The microbial load of the dentures reduced significantly by the usage of extract solutions. Conclusion- Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) extract solution was slightly more effective than Punica granatum (Pomegranate peel) extract solution.
TRIANGULAR SPLIT RING RESONATOR AND WIRE STRIP TO FORM NEW METAMATERIAL

In this work, a new metamaterial whose unit cell has triangular split ring resonator and wire strip is studied. This new metamaterial is designed and investigated in base of the shape of the ring resonator. S parameters and retrieved effective material parameters are computed to show the properties of the new metamaterial. In addition, electric field distribution and induced surface current density on the split rings and wire strip are illustrated. It is shown that the designed new metamaterial exhibits double negative properties in the frequency region of interest and it can be manufactured for the potential applications of metamaterials.
Incentive mechanism for collective coordination in an urban intelligent transportation system using G-networks

Although the abilities of human beings as participants in urban traffic, when they take decisions and interact with the transportation infrastructure and other vehicles, have been greatly amplified by powerful portable devices and efficient human-machine interfaces, the intelligence of vehicle drivers and pedestrians and their possible pro-social behaviour such as helpfulness and sense of duty, have been excluded in previous studies of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Thus the robustness of an ITS has not been evaluated as a function of the likelihood that participants follow instructions. Moreover, much effort has been dedicated to the use of Artificial Intelligence, while in fact many tasks can be easily accomplished by road users in the system who use ordinary human intelligence. Hence, in this paper, we propose a reward mechanism to integrate the intelligence of human road users into a large-scale transportation system to improve the effectiveness and robustness of the system by introducing a transportation-related task publishing system which is assisted by a queueing network model. The experimental results show that the use of a reward mechanism can significantly improve the performance of the transportation system in terms of average travel time of vehicles and the average response time to various tasks.
The Second Titanosaurian (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Middle Cretaceous Galula Formation, Southwestern Tanzania, with Remarks on African Titanosaurian Diversity

ABSTRACT The paleobiogeographic significance of continental Africa during the middle and Late Cretaceous is not well understood, in part due to incomplete sampling from large portions of the landmass during these intervals. Intensified field efforts in the Galula Formation exposed in southwestern Tanzania have revealed a diverse vertebrate fauna, including the novel titanosaurian Shingopana songwensis, gen. et sp. nov., described herein. Based on a left angular, cervical vertebrae, cervical and dorsal ribs, a left humerus, and a partial left pubis, Shingopana exhibits morphology indicating affinities with the Late Cretaceous aeolosaurine titanosaurians of South America. The bulbous expansion of the cervical vertebral neural spine is similar to the condition in Bonitasaura salgadoi, Overosaurus paradasorum, and Trigonosaurus pricei. The dorsal ribs of Shingopana also present proximal anterior and posterior flanges that previously were proposed to be unique to Overosaurus. Furthermore, Shingopana is diagnosed by a divided spinoprezygapophyseal lamina in the middle-to-posterior cervical vertebrae. Parsimony and both uncalibrated and tip-dated Bayesian phylogenetic approaches support Shingopana as the first African titanosaurian that is closely related to aeolosaurines. Comparisons with other African titanosaurians, such as the co-occurring Rukwatitan bisepultus and geographically proximate Malawisaurus dixeyi, suggest that southern African forms represent diverse taxa rather than forming a monophyletic group. Moreover, southern African forms exhibit stronger affinities with South American clades than with representative northern African form, suggesting that tectonically driven separation of the two landmasses may have influenced the development of progressively isolated southern African faunas throughout the Cretaceous.