Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a Framework for Integrating Environmentally Sustainable Design Principles and Requirements in Train Modernization Projects

Environmental sustainability is an increasingly important subject in the railway sector. Literature has revealed that transportation companies target multiple sustainability-related improvement areas and follow different strategies to improve in these. For railway operators, train modernization provides key opportunities for technical, financial, and environmental improvements halfway through the lifecycle. Using design science research, a framework was developed that is aimed at integrating sustainable design principles and sustainability-focused requirements in train modernization. The framework was tested and demonstrated by means of application to the train modernization project of an intercity train at the Nederlandse Spoorwegen in the Netherlands. The results reveal three key design mechanisms for sustainable modernization frameworks. Firstly, sustainability should be considered as early as possible in the design process. Secondly, such frameworks require efforts to simplify the way sustainability principles and impacts are considered, being careful not to oversimplify. Thirdly, the use of sustainability-focused requirements and budgets facilitate the process of prioritizing design decisions in relation to the effects they have on various environmental impacts. The design process of the framework not only provides a better understanding of the challenge of integrating sustainability, it also presents a generalizable approach that can be adapted by other organizations in the transportation sector.
Injection‐Induced Earthquakes on Complex Fault Zones of the Raton Basin Illuminated by Machine‐Learning Phase Picker and Dense Nodal Array

Seismicity in the Raton Basin over the past two decades suggests reactivation of basement faults due to waste‐water injection. In the summer of 2018, 96 short period three‐component nodal instruments were installed in a highly active region of the basin for a month. A machine‐learning based phase picker (PhaseNet) was adopted and identified millions of picks, which were associated into events using an automated algorithm—REAL (Rapid Earthquake Association and Location). After hypocenter relocation with hypoDD, the earthquake catalog contains 9,259 ML −2.2 to 3 earthquakes focused at depths of 4–6 km. Magnitude of completeness (Mc) varies from −1 at nighttime to −0.5 in daytime, likely reflecting noise variation modulated by wind. The clustered hypocenters with variable depths and focal mechanisms suggest a complex network of basement faults. Frequency‐magnitude statistics and the spatiotemporal evolution of seismicity are comparable to tectonic systems.
Breaking the Judicial Glass Ceiling: The Appointment of Women to High Courts Worldwide

The salience of judicial institutions in democratic and nondemocratic countries has increased, making it important to have women on these powerful and visible decision-making bodies. Yet, women have only recently gained entrance to peak judicial bodies including constitutional and supreme courts. The appointment of the first woman to a high court is a historic landmark, breaking traditional ideas of who can and should be on the court. Using a global, longitudinal data set we show that certain explanatory factors matter differently in wealthy, stable democracies and in developing countries. The method of selecting high court justices exerts influence in wealthy, stable democracies but not newer ones. Further, our findings suggest that in both sets of countries, appointments to high courts are not made in a domestic vacuum and are influenced by international norms of having women participate in governing institutions.
Risk information disclosure and its impact on analyst forecast accuracy

This paper aims to analyse the influence of risk information disclosure on the accuracy of financial analysts’ earnings forecasts for the Spanish stock market. To do this, we performed a regression analysis with panel data on a sample comprised of non-financial firms listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2015. The results of the study show that risk information disclosed by firms does not help to reduce analysts’ uncertainty levels nor enable them to make more accurate forecasts of future profits. Furthermore, separately testing verified and unverified risk information disclosure confirms that there is no relationship between the risk information disclosed and the perception that analysts have on companies’ levels of risk.
Evaluating the Effect of Perceived Value of Ecosystem Services on Tourists’ Behavioral Intentions for Aogu Coastal Wetland

This research empirically tested the effect of perceived value of ecosystem services on tourists’ intentions to revisit the Aogu coastal wetland in Taiwan. Data were collected using a structured survey and structural equation modeling was then done to test the research hypotheses. Based on the data collected from 230 tourists in the Aogu coastal wetland, the perceived value of ecosystem services of wetland has a positive effect on tourists’ environmental concerns and friendly environmental behavior. Results also indicate that tourists’ environmental concern has a positive effect on friendly environmental behavior and tourists’ friendly environmental behavior has a positive effect on revisit intention to the Aogu coastal wetland. However, the effects of perceived value of ecosystem services and tourists’ environmental concerns on revisit intention were not found to be significant in this study. These results have implications for tourism management of coastal wetlands and the increase in revisit intentions of tourists.
Whey protein supplementation and its potentially adverse effects on health: a systematic review.

Whey protein is composed of soluble whey proteins and its benefits are well described in the literature. However, there are not many studies investigating the potential adverse effect of a diet with indiscriminate use of this supplement. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of papers that addressed this theme. A search was conducted in Medline, Lilacs, Toxnet, Web of science, and Scopus electronic databases. In the end, 11 documents composed this review. The majority of the papers associated the damaging effect with the chronic and abusive use of whey protein, the kidneys and liver being the main organs affected. The other studies related whey protein to aggravation of aggression, presence of acne and modification of the microbiota. Therefore, excessive consumption over a long period of protein supplementation may have some adverse effects on the body, being aggravated when associated with sedentary lifestyle. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020140466. Novelty Bullets: • A systematic review of experimental and randomized studies about the use of whey proteins supplements and its impact on physical health. • Analysis revealed that chronic and without professional guidance use of whey protein supplementation may cause some adverse effects specially on kidney and liver function. • Presented data support a need for future studies co-relating the use of different types of whey protein with and without exercise to better see the impact on human physical health.
A validated Geant4 model of a whole-body PET scanner with four-layer DOI detectors

The purpose of this work is to develop a validated Geant4 simulation model of a whole-body prototype PET scanner constructed from the four-layer depth-of-interaction detectors developed at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Japan. The simulation model emulates the behaviour of the unique depth of interaction sensing capability of the scanner without needing to directly simulate optical photon transport in the scintillator and photodetector modules. The model was validated by evaluating and comparing performance metrics from the NEMA NU 2-2012 protocol on both the simulated and physical scanner, including spatial resolution, sensitivity, scatter fraction, noise equivalent count rates and image quality. The results show that the average sensitivities of the scanner in the field-of-view were 5.9 cps kBq−1 and 6.0 cps kBq−1 for experiment and simulation, respectively. The average spatial resolutions measured for point sources placed at several radial offsets were 5.2± 0.7 mm and 5.0± 0.8 mm FWHM for experiment and simulation, respectively. The peak NECR was 22.9 kcps at 7.4 kBq ml−1 for the experiment, while the NECR obtained via simulation was 23.3 kcps at the same activity. The scatter fractions were 44% and 41.3% for the experiment and simulation, respectively. Contrast recovery estimates performed in different regions of a simulated image quality phantom matched the experimental results with an average error of -8.7% and +3.4% for hot and cold lesions, respectively. The results demonstrate that the developed Geant4 model reliably reproduces the key NEMA NU 2-2012 performance metrics evaluated on the prototype PET scanner. A simplified version of the model is included as an advanced example in Geant4 version 10.5.
The Effect of Boredom Proneness on Smartphone Addiction and Impulse Purchasing: A Field Study with Young Consumers in Turkey

The study seeks to understand the effects of boredom proneness on impulse purchasing and smartphone addiction of young consumers. Moreover, the possible mediating role of smartphone addiction is tested for the effect of boredom proneness on impulse purchasing. Nowadays, the effect of emotions on human behavior is generally accepted, and boredom is one of the important and common problematic feelings or moods at various levels of life due to factors like unemployment, not being able to work in a suitable job, not getting appropriate education matching individual abilities, monotony of tasks, and feeling life is meaningless. Investigating the effect of boredom on specific consumer behavior would increase our knowledge about consumer behavior. For the research, a survey was conducted 313 students from Kirikkale University, Keskin Vocational High School; the data were collected by convenience sampling method. The data were processed through statistical tools like exploratory factor analysis, coefficient alphas, and regression analysis. The results of the study reveal that boredom proneness affects impulse purchasing and smartphone addiction. In addition, it is understood that smartphone addiction plays a mediating role in the effect of boredom proneness on impulse purchasing. These results indicate that boredom can be an important factor affecting certain negative consumer behaviors.
Analisis Kapasitas Anaerobik Pada Mahasiswa UKM Pencak Silat PSHT Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kapasitas anaerobik mahasiswa UKM Pencak Silat PSHT Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Hasil penelitian menunnjukkan bahwa 12 orang atlet UKM pencak silat UN PGRI Kediri yang memiliki kecepatan yang hampir sama dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 1,2175 menit, memiliki nilai maksimal sebesar 1,09 menit, memiliki nilai minimal sebesar 1,41 menit, dan memiliki nilai standar deviasi sebesar 0,100. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kecepatan yang hampir sama pada atlet UKM pencak silat UN PGRI Kediri. Dengan kecepatan yang hampir sama tersebut maka kemampuan anaerobik pada masing masing atlet juga seimbang di masing masing nomor kelas yang diikuti.
The Influence of Perceived Internal Marketing on Employees’ Organizational Behaviors

This study seeks to examine the influence of perceived internal marketing on organizational commitment and job performance. Based on extensive literature review, theoretical framework was proposed, with internal marketing as determinant, organizational commitment the mediator, and job performance the outcome. Targeting Generation-Y employees, a total of 568 valid questionnaires were collected nationwide through online and offline survey. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data with AMOS software. The findings indicate that perceived internal marketing, contributed positively to organizational commitment and job performance. Apart from the direct effect on job performance, organizational commitment also mediated the relationship between perceived internal marketing and job performance. This study also examined the four dimensions of internal marketing and effects. This paper concludes with the discussion of theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitation and suggestions for future study.
Transient Flow Characteristic of High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas in Check Valve during the Opening Process

In high-pressure hydrogen systems, the check valve is one of the most easy-to-damage components. Generally, the high-pressure hydrogen flow can generate a strong impact on the check valve, which can cause damage and failure. Therefore, it is useful to study the transient flow characteristics of the high-pressure hydrogen flow in check valves. Using dynamic mesh generation and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) real hydrogen gas model, a transient-flow model of the high-pressure hydrogen for the check valve is established. First, the flow properties of high-pressure hydrogen during the opening process is investigated, and velocity changes and pressure distribution of hydrogen gas flow are studied. In addition, the fluid force, acceleration, and velocity of the valve spool are analyzed quantitatively. Subsequently, the effect of the hydrogen inlet-pressure on the movement characteristic of the valve spool is investigated. The results of this study can improve both the design and applications of check valves in high-pressure hydrogen systems.
Low Phase Noise and Wide-Range Class-C VCO Using Auto-Adaptive Bias Technique

This paper proposes a new structure of 24-GHz class-C voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using an auto-adaptive bias technique. The VCO in this paper uses a digitally controlled circuit to eliminate the possibility of start-up failure that a class-C structure can have and has low phase noise and a wide frequency range. To expand the frequency tuning range, a 3-bit cap-bank is used and a triple-coupled transformer is used as the core inductor. The proposed class-C VCO implements a 65-nm RF CMOS process. It has a phase noise performance of −105 dBc/Hz or less at 1-MHz offset frequency and the output frequency range is from 22.8 GHz to 27.3 GHz, which consumes 8.3–10.6 mW of power. The figure-of-merit with tuning range (FoMT) of this design reached 191.1 dBc/Hz.
Diagnosing factors behind officers’ performance in the Philippine National Police

ABSTRACT The Philippine National Police (PNP) faces myriad challenges, spanning governance, corruption and national security threats. Hence, securing a strong leadership pipeline equipped not only to face these challenges, but also to strengthen policing effectiveness and over-all security sector reforms is crucial. This study aims to map out some of the main factors that both build or erode key leadership qualities and performance in the PNP. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, and leveraging a comprehensive dataset of police officers in the National Capital Region (NCR), the study examines four main factors, namely personality traits, organizational culture, demographic profile and professional history. The results show that personality facets of openness, agreeableness and neuroticism, as well as number of transfers, area of assignment, training on managerial skills, age and education level are all factors for good performance for officers in the PNP National Capital Region Police Office. These findings emphasize the importance of training and mentoring components in preparing young officers and recruits for the rigors of service. It also underscores the need for a deeper analysis of recruitment and selection policies, to ensure that the PNP successfully attracts the strongest candidates with the right leadership characteristics and building blocks for service.
Modeling of Electric Energy Consumption during Dairy Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation

The intensification of biological wastewater treatment requires the high usage of electric energy, mainly for aeration processes. Publications on energy consumption have been mostly related to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The aim of the research was to elaborate on models for the estimation of energy consumption during dairy WWTP operation. These models can be used for the optimization of electric energy consumption. The research was conducted in a dairy WWTP, operating with dissolved air flotation (DAF) and an activated sludge system. Energy consumption was measured with the help of three-phase network parameter transducers and a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. The obtained models provided accurate predictions of DAF, biological treatment, and the overall WWTP energy consumption using chemical oxygen demand (COD), sewage flow, and air temperature. Using the energy consumption of the biological treatment as an independent variable, as well as air temperature, it is possible to estimate the variability of the total electric energy consumption. During the summer period, an increase in the organic load (expressed as COD) discharged into the biological treatment causes higher electric energy consumption in the whole dairy WWTP. Hence, it is recommended to increase the efficiency of the removal of organic pollutants in the DAF process. An application for the estimation of energy consumption was created.
How self-limiting mobilization works in Morocco

ABSTRACT This article draws on three years of immersive field experience to analyse the long-term effects of repression on contentious practices in Morocco. Informed by Charles Tilly’s insights about contentious practices, I show how activists from various organizations – the Moroccan Truth and Justice Forum; Islamists from Justice and Beneficence; and the February 20 Movement (the Moroccan manifestation of the Arab popular uprisings) – carefully chose the type of action they took, the number of people they mobilized, and the precise time and location of their actions. This self-limitation was based on their assessments of what authorities would tolerate. It allowed activists to continue their work without the dire consequences that occur during times of harsh repression.
Single-Shot Measurement of Post-Pulse-Generated Pre-Pulse in High-Power Laser Systems

In this study, a detailed investigation of the dynamics of the generation of pre-pulse by post-pulses is presented, using single-shot self-referenced spectral interferometry (SRSI). The capability of SRSI in terms of the single-shot measurement of the temporal contrast of high-power laser systems has been experimentally demonstrated. The results confirm that the energy levels of the pre-pulses increase proportional to the square of the B-integral parametrizing the nonlinearity of the amplifier chain.
Water, agriculture, and climate dynamics in central Chile’s Aconcagua River Basin

ABSTRACT Agriculture in the Aconcagua Basin is both vital to Chile’s economy and critically dependent on water resources from snow and glaciers. Expanding croplands, a growing population, and a changing climate are all expected to exacerbate water scarcity in this arid region where agriculture requires 7.1 × 108 m3 of water for irrigation annually. We investigate agricultural water resources in the Aconcagua Basin by examining the drivers of and trends in river discharge, calculating approximate crop water demand, and assessing the potential for future water scarcity given discharge rates and agricultural demand. We find that growing-season (October to March) discharge is significantly correlated with austral winter precipitation and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Austral winter precipitation provides snow that melts during the growing season, supplying water for agricultural irrigation. Time series analysis shows that temperature increased by 0.23°C per decade between 1965 and 2017, and snow cover frequency decreased 2.7% per decade over the relatively short time period of 2000 to 2017. Based on historical discharge data and our assessment of current agricultural water demand, we show that the Aconcagua Basin is already water-scarce, experiencing demand exceeding supply approximately three out of every 10 years.
Multibody dynamics analysis (MDA) as a numerical modelling tool to reconstruct the function and palaeobiology of extinct organisms

Recent advances in computer technology have substantially changed the field of palaeontology in the last two decades. Palaeontologists now have a whole new arsenal of powerful digital techniques available to study fossil organisms in unprecedented detail and to test hypotheses regarding function and behaviour. Multibody dynamics analysis (MDA) is one of these techniques and although it originated as a tool used in the engineering and automotive industry, it holds great potential to address palaeontological questions as well. MDA allows the simulation of dynamic movements in complex objects consisting of multiple linked components. As such, this technique is ideally suited to model biological structures and to obtain quantifiable results that can be used to test the function of musculoskeletal systems rigorously. However, despite these advantages, MDA has seen a slow uptake by the palaeontological community. The most likely reason for this lies in the steep learning curve and complexity of the method. This paper provides an overview of the underlying principles of MDA and outlines the main steps involved in conducting analyses. A number of recent studies using MDA to reconstruct the palaeobiology of fossil organisms are presented and the potential for future studies is discussed. Similar to other computational techniques, including finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics, the non‐invasive and exploratory power of MDA makes it ideally suited to study the form and function in vertebrates for which no modern analogues exist.