Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic and Functional Changes Induced in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells After Gamma‐Ray Radiation Exposure

Ionizing radiation (IR) exposure causes rapid and acute bone marrow (BM) suppression that is reversible for nonlethal doses. Evidence is accumulating that IR can also provoke long‐lasting residual hematopoietic injury. To better understand these effects, we analyzed phenotypic and functional changes in the stem/progenitor compartment of irradiated mice over a 10‐week period. We found that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) identified by their repopulating ability continued to segregate within the Hoechst dye excluding “side population (SP)” early after IR exposure. However, transient phenotypic changes were observed within this cell population: Sca‐1 (S) and c‐Kit (K) expression levels were increased and severely reduced, respectively, with a concurrent increase in the proportion of SPSK cells positive for established indicators of the presence of HSCs: CD150 and CD105. Ten weeks after IR exposure, expression of Sca‐1 and c‐Kit at the SP cell surface returned to control levels, and BM cellularity of irradiated mice was restored. However, the c‐Kit+Sca‐1+Lin−/low (KSL) stem/progenitor compartment displayed major phenotypic modifications, including an increase and a severe decrease in the frequencies of CD150+Flk2− and CD150−Flk2+ cells, respectively. CD150+ KSL cells also showed impaired reconstituting ability, an increased tendency to apoptosis, and accrued DNA damage. Finally, 15 weeks after exposure, irradiated mice, but not age‐matched controls, allowed engraftment and significant hematopoietic contribution from transplanted congenic HSCs without additional host conditioning. These results provide novel insight in our understanding of immediate and delayed IR‐induced hematopoietic injury and highlight similarities between HSCs of young irradiated and old mice. STEM CELLS 2009;27:1400–1409
Influence of Recovery Duration After a Potentiating Stimulus on Muscular Power in Recreationally Trained Individuals

Jo, E, Judelson, DA, Brown, LE, Coburn, JW, and Dabbs, NC. Influence of recovery duration after a potentiating stimulus on muscular power in recreationally trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res 24(2): 343-347, 2010-Research examining postactivation potentiation (PAP) in recreationally trained individuals (RTI) shows mixed results. Because the balance of PAP and fatigue after heavy-load exercise influences performance outcomes, recovery duration after the stimulus might explain inconsistent results noted in RTI. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of recovery duration after a potentiating stimulus on muscular power in RTI. Twelve healthy RTI males (age = 23 ± 1 yr, height = 174.6 ± 2.5 cm, mass = 86.3 ± 6.6 kg, 1 repetition maximum [1RM]:mass = 1.4 ± 0.1, body fat = 15.1 ± 2.5 %) minimally possessing 1 year of back squat experience participated. A control session assessed baseline measures on a 30-second Wingate Test. During experimental sessions, subjects performed a back squat exercise (1 set of 5 repetitions at 85% 1RM), rested for 5, 10, 15, or 20 minutes, and performed the Wingate Test. No significant differences existed among control and experimental conditions in all outcome variables; however, maximal values (regardless of rest duration) for absolute peak power (APpwr) (+7.1%), relative peak power (RPpwr) (+7.1%), and fatigue index (FI) (+8.9%) significantly differed from respective control values. The rest duration eliciting maximal PAP significantly correlated (r = −0.771) with relative 1RM. Although recovery duration failed to influence performance after a heavy-load exercise in RTI, discrepancies in individual strength might have influenced the time subjects potentiated. These results suggest stronger subjects might potentiate with less rest after a stimulus (5-10 min), whereas weaker subjects require longer rest durations (15-20 min).
Exploring the Potential of Phase Change Memories as an Alternative to DRAM Technology

— Scalability poses a severe threat to the existing DRAM technology. The capacitors that are used for storing and sensing charge in DRAM are generally not scaled beyond 42nm. This is because; the capacitors must be sufficiently large for reliable sensing and charge storage mechanism. This leaves DRAM memory scaling in jeopardy, as charge sensing and storage mechanisms become extremely difficult. In this paper we provide an overview of the potential and the possibilities of using Phase Change Memory (PCM) as an alternative for the existing DRAM technology. The main challenges that we encounter in using PCM are, the limited endurance, high access latencies, and higher dynamic energy consumption than that of the conventional DRAM. We then provide an overview of various methods, which can be employed to overcome these drawbacks. Hybrid memories involving both PCM and DRAM can be used, to achieve good tradeoffs in access latency and storage density. We conclude by presenting, the results of these methods that makes PCM a potential replacement for the current DRAM technology.
Internet and the lifeworld: updating Schutz's theory of mutual knowledge

Purpose – The paper seeks to understand the formation of mutual knowledge in the online world using the phenomenological framework that Alfred Schutz and his associates constructed for the examination of the lifeworld.Design/methodology/approach – This study consists of three parts: reviewing Schutz's theory of the constitution of intersubjectivity in the lifeworld; extending Schutz's analysis to the acquisition of mutual knowledge in the online world; and applying the extended version of Schutz's theory to the booming blogosphere on the internet.Findings – Schutz divided the contemporaneous lifeworld into two realms – consociates and mere contemporaries. Schutz maintained that people came to know one another based on shared life experiences through “growing older together” in the realm of consociates and based on objectified schemes of interpretation through “ideal typification” in the realm of mere contemporaries. This article extends Schutz's analysis to human interaction on the internet, showing that .
Survival of Bowhead Whales, Balaena mysticetus, Estimated from 1981–1998 Photoidentification Data

Summary. Annual survival probability of bowhead whales, Balaena mysticetus, was estimated using both Bayesian and maximum likelihood implementations of Cormack and Jolly‐Seber (JS) models for capture‐recapture estimation in open populations and reduced‐parameter generalizations of these models. Aerial photographs of naturally marked bowheads collected between 1981 and 1998 provided the data. The marked whales first photographed in a particular year provided the initial ‘capture’ and ‘release’ of those marked whales and photographs in subsequent years the ‘recaptures’. The Cormack model, often called the Cormack‐Jolly‐Seber (CJS) model, and the program MARK were used to identify the model with a single survival and time‐varying capture probabilities as the most appropriate for these data. When survival was constrained to be one or less, the maximum likelihood estimate computed by MARK was one, invalidating confidence interval computations based on the asymptotic standard error or profile likelihood. A Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) implementation of the model was used to produce a posterior distribution for annual survival. The corresponding reduced‐parameter JS model was also fit via MCMC because it is the more appropriate of the two models for these photoidentification data. Because the CJS model ignores much of the information on capture probabilities provided by the data, its results are less precise and more sensitive to the prior distributions used than results from the JS model. With priors for annual survival and capture probabilities uniform from 0 to 1, the posterior mean for bowhead survival rate from the JS model is 0.984, and 95% of the posterior probability lies between 0.948 and 1. This high estimated survival rate is consistent with other bowhead life history data.
Energy Consumption Evaluation of NoSQL DBMSs

Over the years, NoSQL Database Management Systems (DBMS) have been adopted as an alternative to the constraints of relational/SQL DBMSs. In order to demonstrate their feasibility, works have evaluated NoSQL DBMSs regarding some performance metrics, but energy consumption has not been assessed. Indeed, energy consumption is an issue that should not be neglected due to the rise of energy costs and environmental sustainability. This paper presents a peformance and energy consumption evaluation of NoSQL DBMSs, more specifically, Cassandra (column), MongoDB (document-oriented), Redis (key-value). Experiments are based on YCSB benchmark, and results demonstrate energy consumption can vary significantly among the assessed DBMSs for different commands (e.g., read) and workloads.
The concept of relevance in IR

This article introduces the concept of relevance as viewed and applied in the context of IR evaluation, by presenting an overview of the multidimensional and dynamic nature of the concept. The literature on relevance reveals how the relevance concept, especially in regard to the multidimensionality of relevance, is many faceted, and does not just refer to the various relevance criteria users may apply in the process of judging relevance of retrieved information objects. From our point of view, the multidimensionality of relevance explains why some will argue that no consensus has been reached on the relevance concept. Thus, the objective of this article is to present an overview of the many different views and ways by which the concept of relevance is used--leading to a consistent and compatible understanding of the concept. In addition, special attention is paid to the type of situational relevance. Many researchers perceive situational relevance as the most realistic type of user relevance, and therefore situational relevance is discussed with reference to its potential dynamic nature, and as a requirement for interactive information retrieval (IIR) evaluation.
A meta-analysis of the effects of statin treatment on cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in diabetic dialysis patients.

OBJECTIVES Diabetic dialysis patients have higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than general population. While statin treatment is effective in prevention of CVD and all-cause mortality in general population, the use of statin in diabetic dialysis patients remains controversial. Thus, we aimed to assess the effects of statin treatment on prevention of CVD and all-cause mortality in diabetic dialysis patients by meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched between each database's inception and July, 2014. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for CVD and all-cause mortality was extracted from each study. The pooled analysis was performed using random-effects models by Stata 12.0. RESULTS Our search yielded five eligible articles including two RCTs and three observational studies. By pooled estimate, statin treatment was associated with a decreased risk of the cardiac endpoint which included cardiac death and nonfatal MI (HR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.78-0.90) and all cardiac events combined (HR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.82-0.96). There was no difference in the overall incidence of fatal or nonfatal stroke (HR=1.24, 95% CI: 0.99-1.53) and all cerebrovascular events combined (HR=1.14, 95% CI: 0.98-1.33) between statin treatment and control group. Finally, statin treatment was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.71-0.92). CONCLUSIONS Statin treatment may be beneficial for reducing the risk of cardiac events and all-cause mortality while have no effect on overall cerebrovascular events in diabetic dialysis patients. More RCTs were needed to validate the results.
Assessment of the Presence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism and Acromegaly.

INTRODUCTION Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common entrapment neuropathies of the upper limbs. It results from compromised median nerve function of the wrist that is caused by increased pressure in the carpal tunnel. Repetitive use of the hand and wrist, obesity, pregnancy, rheumatoid diseases, trauma and endocrinopathies are some of the risk factors for CTS. AIM The purpose of this study was to find out whether patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypothyroidism and acromegaly have an increased incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome compared to each other and normal population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were assigned into three groups as follows: patients with type II DM n: 100, patients with hypothyroidism n:48 and patients with acromegaly n:36. In addition, 50 healthy individuals were included in the study as control subjects. Patients were asked if they had any pain, symptoms of paraesthesia and numbness. Patients with peripheral neuropathy were excluded from the study. Boston Symptom Severity Scale and Functional Capacity Scale were used to assess symptom severity and functional capacity. CTS was investigated by performing electrophysiological study for both hands. RESULTS The incidence of CTS was significantly higher in all three groups compared to the control group (p>0.05). In addition, the incidence of CTS was significantly higher in the DM group compared to the hypothyroid and acromegaly groups (p<0.001). The incidence of bilateral CTS in the DM group was significantly higher compared to both hypothyroid and acromegaly groups and the control group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION CTS has a higher incidence in DM, hypothyroid and acromegaly patients compared to healthy individuals. Clinicians should be careful about development of CTS in DM, hypothyroidism and acromegaly. They should adopt a multidisciplinary approach and co-operate with the psychiatrist.
Measuring Linguistic Complexity: The Morphological Tier

Abstract How to measure morphological complexity is itself an issue of some complexity. (Nichols, 1992) This article develops an information‐theoretic and functionally motivated method of measuring “linguistic complexity”; from corpora that can in theory be applied to any definable substructure. This method is further extended into a way of objectively and numerically measuring the morphological complexity of a given language sample, avoiding the typical difficulties of focusing on only a few unrepresentative types of constructions. By selectively altering the morphological information present in a sample, the complexity can be measured as the change in overall informativeness of a text. This claim has been tested in a small‐scale cross‐linguistic experiment; the results agree well with both intuitions and existing measurements.
Functional analysis of the role of the A + T-rich region and upstream flanking sequences in simian virus 40 DNA replication

One boundary of the minimal origin of replication of simian virus 40 DNA lies within the A + T-rich region. Deletion of only a few bases into the adenine-thymine (AT) stretch results in a DNA template which is defective for replication both in vivo and in vitro (B. Stillman, R. D. Gerard, R. A. Guggenheimer, and Y. Gluzman, EMBO J. 4:2933-2939, 1985). In the present study, such deletion mutations have been reconstructed into a simian virus 40 genome containing an intact early promoter-enhancer region. The resulting mutants synthesized wild-type levels of T antigen, but were defective for replication and would not form plaques on CV-1 monkey cells. Replication-competent phenotypic revertants were selected after transfection of large quantities of the replication-defective viral DNAs into CV-1 cells. DNA sequence analysis showed that most of these revertants contained insertions or point mutations which partially regenerate the length of the AT stretch. These genotypic alterations were shown to be responsible for the revertant phenotype by replication analysis in vivo of subcloned revertant origin fragments. In general, our results emphasize the importance of the AT region to simian virus 40 origin function. However, one revertant retained the altered AT region but deleted six nucleotides upstream. Experiments using this mutant indicate that the 21-base-pair repeats identified as part of the early transcriptional promoter may compensate for defects in simian virus 40 DNA replication in vivo caused by mutations in the A + T-rich region when positioned at an appropriate distance from the core origin.
Enhanced spectral subtraction method for noise reduction with minimal speech distortion

In this paper, we propose a method for enhancing speech corrupted by broadband noise. The method is based on the spectral subtraction technique. Besides reducing the noise conventional spectral subtraction introduces an annoying residual musical noise. To eliminate the musical noise we propose to introduce reduced varying scaling factor of spectral subtraction, with a following application of weighted function. Weighting function, used in the proposed algorithm, attenuates frequency spectrum components lying outside identified formants regions. Algorithm effects a substantial reduction of the musical noise without significantly distorting the speech. Listening tests were performed to determinate the subjective quality and intelligibility of speech enhanced by our method. Keywords-speech enhancement, spectral subtraction, musical noise, weighting function,noise estimation,VAD
Freshwater growth and survival in AYK Chinook salmon, maternal health, and the ultimate effects on stock productivity

This study focuses on the freshwater factors affecting Western Alaska Chinook salmon productivity through three complementary studies: a retrospective study of salmon scales examining the relationship between freshwater growth and survival to adulthood, a study of the persistent effects of infection of adults with the parasite Ichthyophonus on their offspring, and laboratory rearing experiments supporting the first two studies by validating scale and otolithbased indicators of growth and comparing growth and survival between offspring from Ichthyophonus-infected and Ichthyophonus-free parents. All project components are progressing, although there have been some delays due to weak Chinook returns in 2011 and a rearing-facility malfunction. In the retrospective study, scale growth measurements from stocks on both the Yukon and Kuskokwim Rivers have been taken, and these data are being analyzed to determine patterns in growth over time and the relationship of growth to survival. Ichthyophonus-infected and Ichthyophonus-free fish have been collected, samples analyzed and compared, and some preliminary results are included here. However, sample sizes are small because a weak Chinook return in 2011 precluded some of our anticipated sampling. Laboratory rearing experiments for validation of the relationship between scales, otoliths, ration, and freshwater growth were successfully concluded. Scales and otoliths will be read in the near future, and the experimental data statistically analyzed to quantify the growth relationships. Laboratory comparisons of growth and survival of offspring of infected and healthy parents were not possible because of an equipment failure in the first year and the unavailability of eggs in the second year. We anticipate requesting an extension of support to finish the Ichthyophonus-focused component of our project, which has been hampered by these unforeseen events. Component Title: Effect of Ichthyophonus infection on Yukon River Chinook salmon hatching success, growth, and survival PIs: Lara Horstmann-Dehn, Shannon Atkinson, Trent Sutton MS Student: Theresa Floyd
Nonlinear observers for Lipschitz continuous systems with inputs

This paper considers the state observation problem for nonlinear dynamical systems. The proposed framework is a direct generalization of a method introduced in a recent paper for autonomous system. Its characteristic feature is that the dynamic part of the observer is linear and, as a consequence, that convergence takes place globally in the observer coordinates. The observer is completed by a static nonlinearity which maps the observer state in the original state space. An associated observation mapping is introduced and is interpreted in terms of an orthonormal expansion of the input and the output with respect to a certain basis in a suitable Hilbert space. It is shown that, by choosing the observer dimension properly, an observer with arbitrary small asymptotic observation error is obtained, provided that some compactness properties for the subset to be observed and the set of input signals hold. Under a stronger condition, the finite complexity property, an exact observer is achieved. Finally, an integral formula representation for the observer nonlinearity is given.
Satellite imagery retrieval: Features & metrics evaluation

In this paper, an evaluation technique based on several image feature attributes along with image classifications is investigated. Furthermore, a semi-supervised technique based on support vector machine (SVM) for image classification and a Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) based searching algorithm to search for similarity of satellite imagery is presented. Given a query image, the goal is to retrieve matching images in the database based on the shape features extracted from satellite imagery data. The experimental results demonstrate superior results based on shape features which provide a better classification accuracy using both support vector machine and the semi-supervised hashing search methods.
A Novel Method for Hand Posture Recognition Based on Depth Information DescriptorT

Hand posture recognition has been a wide region of applications in Human Computer Interaction and Computer Vision for many years. The problem arises mainly due to the high dexterity of hand and self-occlusions created in the limited view of the camera or illumination variations. To remedy these problems, a hand posture recognition method using 3-D point cloud is proposed to explicitly utilize 3-D information from depth maps in this paper. Firstly, hand region is segmented by a set of depth threshold. Next, hand image normalization will be performed to ensure that the extracted feature descriptors are scale and rotation invariant. By robustly coding and pooling 3-D facets, the proposed descriptor can effectively represent the various hand postures. After that, SVM with Gaussian kernel function is used to address the issue of posture recognition. Experimental results based on posture dataset captured by Kinect sensor (from 1 to 10) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the average recognition rate of our method is over 96%.
Realization of the ultrahigh-ohmic resistance scale at CMI

This paper describes realization of the ultrahigh-omic resistance scale in the range from 10 GΩ up to 100 TΩ at CMI. The scale realization is based on measurement of standards with different nominal values at various voltage levels, selected in such a way, that same nominal current is preserved during measurement of different standards. Measurement circuit consists of the measured standard, an electrometer and is energized from a voltage calibrator. The described method was used during Supplementary Comparison EURAMET.EM-S32.