Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography as a Noninvasive Assessment of Cerebral Microcirculatory Disorders Caused by Carotid Artery Stenosis

Purpose Using retinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), we aimed to investigate the changes in important indicators of cerebral microcirculatory disorders, such as the properties of the radial peripapillary capillaries, vascular complexes, and the retinal nerve fiber layer, caused by carotid stenosis and postoperative reperfusion. Methods In this prospective longitudinal cohort study, we recruited 40 carotid stenosis patients and 89 healthy volunteers in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (Harbin, China). Eyes with ipsilateral carotid stenosis constituted the experimental group, while the fellow eyes constituted the contralateral eye group. Digital subtraction angiography, CT perfusion imaging (CTP), and OCTA examinations were performed in all subjects. The vessel density of the radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC), superficial retinal vascular complexes (SVC), deep vascular complexes (DVC), choriocapillaris (CC), and the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) were assessed. Propensity-matched analysis was undertaken to adjust for covariate imbalances. Intergroup comparative analysis was conducted, and the paired sample t-test was used to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative changes in OCTA variables. Results The ocular vessel density in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (RPC: 55.95 vs. 57.24, P = 0.0161; SVC: 48.65 vs. 52.22, P = 0.0006; DVC: 49.65 vs. 57.50, P < 0.0001). Participants with severe carotid stenosis have reduced contralateral ocular vessel density (RPC 54.30; SVC 48.50; DVC 50.80). Unilateral stenosis removal resulted in an increase in vessel density on both sides, which was detected by OCTA on the 4th day (RPC, P < 0.0001; SVC, P = 0.0104; DVC, P = 0.0104). Moreover, the ocular perfusion was consistent with that established by CTP. Conclusion OCTA can be used for sensitive detection and accurate evaluation of decreased ocular perfusion caused by carotid stenosis and may thus have the potential for application in noninvasive detection of cerebral microcirculation disorders. This trial is registered with NCT04326842.
Digital Twin: Origin to Future

Digital Twin (DT) refers to the virtual copy or model of any physical entity (physical twin) both of which are interconnected via exchange of data in real time. Conceptually, a DT mimics the state of its physical twin in real time and vice versa. Application of DT includes real-time monitoring, designing/planning, optimization, maintenance, remote access, etc. Its implementation is expected to grow exponentially in the coming decades. The advent of Industry 4.0 has brought complex industrial systems that are more autonomous, smart, and highly interconnected. These systems generate considerable amounts of data useful for several applications such as improving performance, predictive maintenance, training, etc. A sudden influx in the number of publications related to ‘Digital Twin’ has led to confusion between different terminologies related to the digitalization of industries. Another problem that has arisen due to the growing popularity of DT is a lack of consensus on the description of DT as well as so many different types of DT, which adds to the confusion. This paper intends to consolidate the different types of DT and different definitions of DT throughout the literature for easy identification of DT from the rest of the complimentary terms such as ‘product avatar’, ‘digital thread’, ‘digital model’, and ‘digital shadow’. The paper looks at the concept of DT since its inception to its predicted future to realize the value it can bring to certain sectors. Understanding the characteristics and types of DT while weighing its pros and cons is essential for any researcher, business, or sector before investing in the technology.
An Experimental Study on Preparation of Reconstituted Tectonic Coal Samples: Optimization of Preparation Conditions

The uniquely soft and fragile nature of tectonic coal makes it difficult to obtain core samples suitable for laboratory experimentation. Preparation of reconstituted tectonic coal (RTC) samples generally adopts the secondary forming method. Reliable coal samples are needed to obtain credible permeability and mechanical parameters that can guide Coalbed Methane (CBM) extraction and improve mining safety. In this study, the compaction mechanism of coal particles is analyzed based on the Kawakita model, and optimal sample preparation conditions are systemically investigated, particularly particle size and particle size distribution, forming pressure, and moisture content. The density and P-wave velocity of coal samples were used to test whether the RTC samples were realistic. Finally, the mechanical properties and deformation characteristics of the RTC samples were determined. The results indicate that RTC samples prepared for laboratory testing of mechanical properties require (1) the original particle size of the tectonic coal to be retained as much as possible; (2) a forming pressure that compacts the sample similar to the original tectonic coal; and (3) an optimum moisture content.
Airfoil Shape Optimization: Comparative Study of Meta-heuristic Algorithms, Airfoil Parameterization Methods and Reynolds Number Impact

The aerodynamic efficiency in airfoil theory is defined as the ratio between the lift and drag force, which is the main objective function to be maximized in a wide kind of vehicle design due to its strong relationship between fuel consumption and range. This work employs the 4-digits NACA parameterization, a recently developed 6-parameters method, and the PARSEC technique with a correction of the matrices available in the literature, to compare the computational cost and the ability to achieved higher efficiency of these parameterizations. A genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization routines are developed and implemented in Matlab, also a sine-cosine algorithm is tested, where Xfoil and the open-source computational fluid dynamic software OpenFOAM are coupled with the optimization algorithms. Finally, a Reynolds number impact study is performed related to the airfoil shape and the angle of attack which maximizes the aerodynamic efficiency. The results showed a faster convergence for the particle swarm optimization and the highest aerodynamic efficiency achieved by the 6-parameter method. Furthermore, with a higher Reynolds number, a higher angle of attack for the optimum lift-to-drag ratio as well a less camber is obtained.
Analysis of factors that influence satisfaction and usefulness for attendance system with the Delone & McLean model (case study: attendance system at Diponegoro University)

The attendance system is an educational management tool at Diponegoro University used for attendance activities using technology. The attendance system is implemented in the “Sistem Informasi Akademik, Penelitian dan Pengabdian” (SIAP) application and can be accessed by students through Single Sign On (SSO). Students can do it using the smartphone they have. This research is analyzed through the factors that affect students’ satisfaction and usefulness after using the attendance system. The analysis will be performed using the Delone & McLean model and additional usefulness variables from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model. A total of 506 respondents participated in this research. Respondent data is then processed using smartPLS 3.0 software. Based on the research, some indicators do not meet the measurement criteria. The attendance information on the attendance system can be accessed using various types of smartphones, so the indicators must be removed from the model. The research results have found that system quality affects usefulness, service quality effect on usefulness, information quality effect on usefulness, system quality effect user satisfaction, service quality effect on user satisfaction, information quality affect on user satisfaction, and usefulness effect on user satisfaction.
Infrared behavior of Weyl Gravity

In this paper, we introduce and motivate the studies of Quantum Weyl Gravity (also known as Conformal Gravity). We discuss some appealing features of this theory both on classical and quantum level. The construction of the quantum theory is described in detail to the one-loop level. To facilitate computations we use only physical degrees of freedom, which are singled out through the York decomposition. At the one-loop level we compute the partition function around a general Einstein space. Next, the functional renormalization group of couplings in Quantum Weyl Gravity is investigated. We reproduce completely previous results obtained on maximally symmetric and Ricci-flat backgrounds. Finally, we comment on further directions and on the issue of conformal anomaly.
Determination of Level of Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) Migration on Bowl and Clear Plastic Cup Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Food safety is a condition and efforts needed to prevent food from biological and chemical pollutants and other things that might irritate, harm, endanger human health. So the food is safe to consume. Besides, it should not against religion, faith, and culture. Chemical pollutants may come from migration of the food container or packaging, for example from a bowl or clear plastic cup. Migration happens as a result of the high temperature of food, duration of storage, and the production process. The higher the temperature the higher the possibility of migration. The existence of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in food may be because of environmental pollution, absorption of metal from equipment. Research has been conducted on the determination of the level of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) from the migration of some bowls and plastic glasses that are available online by using spectrophotometer atomic absorption. The research is using acetic acid 4 % simulant. The sample is identified by using Near Infra-Red. The result of two kinds of plastic bowls and one kind of clear plastic cup are Polypropylene (PP). The sample is filled with acetic acid 4% simulant, stored in a dark place for twenty- four hours, then it is measured with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). In all samples consist of two kinds of bowls and one clear plastic cup. The lead and cadmium are not detected with a limit of detection (LoD) Pb is 1.33 µg/ml dan (LoD ) Cd is 0.22 µg/ml, while the limit of quantitative (LoQ) Pb is 4.43 µg/ml and ( LoQ) Cd is 0.74 µg/ml. LoD dan LoQ for lead is too high because are using AAS Flame, while ideally using AAS Graphite Furnace.
Revisiting alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation: quantitative evaluation of biphenyl structures in cedar wood lignin (Cryptomeria japonica) by a modified nitrobenzene oxidation method

Abstract A modified alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation (NBO) method was developed to enable the analysis of the biphenyl structures of cedar wood lignin. The most essential point of the process is a modified work-up process in pyridine and a prolonged gas chromatography analysis of the silylated products. By applying this mean to cedar wood meal, a novel biphenyl product, dehydrovanillin-vanillic acid (1-carboxy-1′-formyl-4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-5,5′-biphenyl), was detected together with known products, dehydrodivanillin and dehydrodivanillic acid. The highest total yield of biphenyl products was detected when NBO was carried out for 2–4 h at 170°C. The work-up procedure was slightly modified so that the biphenyl products can be quantified. The NBO conversion rates of biphenyl linkages of lignin were also examined with a biphenyl-type lignin model compound, and this gave rise to 75% biphenyl-type NBO degradation products. Under the same condition, the total yield of vanillin and vanillic acid (VA) from a non-condensed-type β-O-4 model compound was 89%. Because the latter did not exhibit any peak of the biphenyl products, it can be concluded that all the biphenyl products obtained by NBO (0.17 mmol g-1) were from the lignin of the native wood. It was calculated that at least 6.7 of 100 phenylpropanoid units of cedar lignin were involved in biphenyl structures even if the NBO conversion rate was not taken into consideration. The synthesis and analytical data of 11 lignin model compounds is described.
On bifurcations and stability of central configurations in the planar circular restricted four-body problem

The restricted four-body problem is considered. That is, we consider motion of an infinitely small body (particle) under the Newtonian gravitational attraction of three bodies (primaries). It is assumed that the primaries move in circular orbits, forming a stable equilateral Lagrange triangle. It is supposed that four bodies move in a plane. There exist relative equilibriums of the particle in the rotating with the primaries coordinate system. In such an equilibrium the particle forms a central configuration with the primaries. In the case of small mass ofa primary the bifurcations ofthe central configurations are investigated, as well as conditions oflinear stability for the central configurations is obtained. The study is performed analytically by using small parameter method.
Characterization of green silver nanoparticles of Graptophyllum pictum leaf extract: from the localized surface plasmon resonance to the antimicrobial activity

This study aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Graptophyllum pictum and to characterize their properties, starting from localized surface plasmon resonance, functional groups and the particle size distribution, to their antibacterial activity. The measurement of the wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance was conducted using UV-VIS spectroscopy, while FTIR spectroscopy was used to identify the chemical bonds of organic compounds in the particle. The particle size distribution was analyzed using TEM. The spectrophotometric method was used to assess the antimicrobial properties of the particles against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. For this purpose, OD-620 of the bacterial sample was compared to OD-620 of the bacterial sample mixed with the silver nanoparticles, where the data was taken in 24 hours. The wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance was found to be 455 nm, while FTIR spectrum showed the chemical bonds of organic compounds, denoting the presence of the extract on the particle. The particles were mostly spherical with diameters varying from 5.4 nm to 50.6 nm and the mean diameter was found to be 21.5±9.9 nm. The results from the antimicrobial assessment show that Graptophyllum pictum silver nanoparticles inhibit the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli, where during 24 hours of observation time, the particles affected E. coli, faster than the particles affected S. aureus.
Development of R-Shiny interface for implementation of backpropagation neural network model in breast cancer classification

Artificial Neural Network or Neural Network (NN) is an information processing system that has similar characteristics to the neural network in living things. One type of NN that is often used in classification is Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). BPNN is an NN model that is often used for classification because it does not need to use assumptions and has high accuracy. One of the classification problems that can be solved with BPNN is the classification of breast cancer. The breast cancer data used in this study came from the UCI Machine Learning website. The problem with BPNN is that programming is difficult for users who do not understand the program, especially the R program. Therefore, to make it easier for users to analyze BPNN, an R-Shiny application or interface is created using the RStudio program. The application or R-Shiny interface that has been created has several advantages, namely the application process that is fast in displaying classification results, the use of user-friendly applications and the use of applications that are more comfortable when compared to having to write syntax such as in the R program. BPNN classification results use The R-Shiny interface has a different level of accuracy for each experiment due to the random distribution of training & testing data. The experiments conducted in this study resulted in a range of accuracy values ranging from 58.33% to 91.67% with an average accuracy of 74.17%.
Graphical interface of geographically weighted negative binomial regression (GWNBR) model using R-Shiny

In regression analysis, the spatial aspects need to be considered because each region has different characteristics as well as the Poisson regression model. In this method, some assumptions must be fulfilled, namely that the variance and the mean of the response variable are equal. However, counted data often have a greater variance than the mean, or what is generally called the over-dispersion phenomenon. If over-dispersion occurs, the Poisson regression is not suitable for modeling data, and that will produce biases in the parameter estimates. One method used to overcome over-dispersion in Poisson regression is negative binomial regression. The negative binomial regression model is more flexible than the Poisson regression model because it assumes that the mean and variance are not necessarily equal. Therefore, if the spatial aspect is considered, the Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Regression (GWNBR) method is used. This study aims to compile a computational application to model spatial data using GWNBR Model using R-Shiny Web Application. And, the GWNBR model will be applied to modeling the number of dengue cases in Central Java province. The GWNBR model with Adaptive Boxcar weight is the best model because it has the smallest AIC. Using this model, two groups of districts/cities are obtained based on significant variables.
Simulation-aided walking pattern generation for a humanoid robotic platform

Bipedal locomotion is one of the main research topics in humanoid robotics due to the complexity of generating dynamically stable gait patterns in robots that are generally very unstable. Good walking performance requires diverse and complex control strategies based on a mathematical model of the robot. Here, a methodology to easily generate stable bipedal locomotion patterns in a humanoid robotic platform is presented. Using a simulation environment and a simple programming method, the robot gait, stability and general behaviour are first simulated and then transferred to the actual machine. Three gait patterns are developed according to the biomechanics of human walking and validated using a humanoid robot platform. The robot exhibits good performance in terms of stability, displacement and velocity. The proposed methodology allows the study of locomotion in biped robots and can serve as a basis for developing controls in closed-loop schemes.
Genome Mining and Comparative Genome Analysis Revealed Niche-Specific Genome Expansion in Antibacterial Bacillus pumilus Strain SF-4

The present study reports the isolation of antibacterial exhibiting Bacillus pumilus (B. pumilus) SF-4 from soil field. The genome of this strain SF-4 was sequenced and analyzed to acquire in-depth genomic level insight related to functional diversity, evolutionary history, and biosynthetic potential. The genome of the strain SF-4 harbor 12 Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGCs) including four Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), two terpenes, and one each of Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs), hybrid (NRPS/PKS), lipopeptide, β-lactone, and bacteriocin clusters. Plant growth-promoting genes associated with de-nitrification, iron acquisition, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen metabolism were also observed in the genome. Furthermore, all the available complete genomes of B. pumilus strains were used to highlight species boundaries and diverse niche adaptation strategies. Phylogenetic analyses revealed local diversification and indicate that strain SF-4 is a sister group to SAFR-032 and 150a. Pan-genome analyses of 12 targeted strains showed regions of genome plasticity which regulate function of these strains and proposed direct strain adaptations to specific habitats. The unique genome pool carries genes mostly associated with “biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, transport, and catabolism” (Q), “replication, recombination and repair” (L), and “unknown function” (S) clusters of orthologous groups (COG) categories. Moreover, a total of 952 unique genes and 168 exclusively absent genes were prioritized across the 12 genomes. While newly sequenced B. pumilus SF-4 genome consists of 520 accessory, 59 unique, and seven exclusively absent genes. The current study demonstrates genomic differences among 12 B. pumilus strains and offers comprehensive knowledge of the respective genome architecture which may assist in the agronomic application of this strain in future.
EŠective Cooling Strategies to Reduce Body Temperature in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury*

Individuals with spinal cord injury have reduced aŠerent input to the thermoregulatory center and lack sweating capacity and vasomotor control below the level of the spinal cord lesion. Limitations in heat loss capacity leads to excessive increases in core temperature, which in turn decreases exercise performance and increases the risk of heat-related illness. To prevent hyperthermia and improve exercise performance in hot environments, body cooling has been proposed. However, despite the interest and research into cooling strategies for able-bodied humans, less is known regarding the application of these cooling strategies in individuals with thermoregulatory impairment secondary to spinal cord injury. The purpose of this review was to describe eŠective cooling strategies to attenuate the increase in body temperature in humans with spinal cord injury in hot environments. Cooling strategies in individuals with spinal cord injury include external cooling, such as water immersion, water spraying, and cooling garments, as well as internal cooling strategy such as cold ‰uid ingestion. We discuss practical issues associated with each method. External cooling methods have been criticized for being impractical during sports competitions, although water immersion and cooling garments do reduce core temperature in individuals with spinal cord injury. However, ice ingestion has recently received considerable interest in studies on able-bodied humans. We propose ice ingestion as an eŠective cooling strategy for individuals with spinal cord injury.
Evaluation of the Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Spondias purpurea Seeds in a Diabetic Zebrafish Model

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious chronic degenerative disease characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood. It is associated with an absolute or relative deficiency in the production and/or action of insulin. Some of the complications associated with DM are heart disease, retinopathy, kidney disease, and neuropathy; therefore, new natural alternatives are being sought to control the disease. In this work, we evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Spondias purpurea seed methanol extract (CSM) in vitro and in a glucose-induced diabetic zebrafish model. CSM is capable of lowering blood glucose and cholesterol levels, as well as forming advanced glycation end-products, while not presenting toxic effects at the concentrations evaluated. These data show that CSM has a promising antidiabetic effect and may be useful in reducing some of the pathologies associated with diabetes mellitus.