Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of High-Performance 1-Bit Full Adder Cells Based on MOS-Type GNRFETs

In deep sub-micron technologies, conventional silicon-based transistors are faced main several problems related to the short-channel effects such as power dissipation, subthreshold leakage, and drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL). Graphene nano-ribbon field-effect transistors (GNRFETs) have become a potential contender as a substitute for traditional silicon-based transistors in next generation nano-electronic devices. They exhibit fantastic properties such as high charge carrier mobility, mean free path of electrons, faster switching, and high ION/IOFF ratio. In order to prove the competences and superiority of these types of transistors, various circuits like full adder (FA) cells, which are the main building block of computational systems must be simulated and studied. This paper presents redesigning various 1-bit FA cells such as Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS), Complementary Pass-Transistor Logic (CPL), Transmission-Gate (TG), Hybrid CMOS (HCMOS), and Transmission Function Adder (TFA) using MOS-GNRFET devices in 16nm technology node. Different HSPICE simulations are performed to obtain propagation delay, average power consumption, power-delay-product (PDP), and energy-delay-product (EDP) of FA cells and are compared with 16nm CMOS predictive technology model (PTM) at different supply voltages. The obtained results indicate that MOS-GNRFET based 1-bit FA cells have better performance than that of Si-CMOS one. The MOS-GNRFET based FA cells improve propagation delay and EDP at least 31.195% and 4.372%, respectively.
Toponym Resolution in Text

Toponym resolution in text, where toponym refers to a place name or place reference, consists in the disambiguation of these references, by associating each one of them to a unique, thus unambiguous, location over the surface of the Earth (e.g., through the assignment of latitude and longitude geographical coordinates). Given that place names are highly ambiguous, the toponym resolution is a challenging task; for instance, multiple places on Earth share the same name and even multiple designations that refer to the same location. Toponym resolution is an exciting task since several possible applications can benefit from the results, which includes the support of the processing and analysis of geographic information present in collections of large documents, as well as the support of document geolocation. The research conducted during the MSc thesis, and presented in this dissertation aims to analyze the studies developed in the area so far, as well as the development of a model for the toponym resolution considering state-of-the-art techniques applied to natural language processing. The proposed neural network architecture uses recurrent units with multiple inputs (e.g., the toponym to disambiguate along with the surrounding words), leveraging pre-trained contextual word embeddings (i.e., ELMo or BERT embeddings) and bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) units, both commonly used for textual data modeling. Additionally, the proposed model was evaluated in different contexts, (i) using external information extracted from raster data with geophysical information, including land cover, terrain elevation, among others, and (ii) using additional data from English Wikipedia articles to train the model, to guide and help during the model training. The obtained results show a significantly higher quality of the proposed method, in comparison to previous approaches and particularly in the setting that involves BERT embeddings and additional data. Palavras-chave Keywords
Initiation of embryogenic callus from mature zygotic embryos in Japanese larch ( Larix kaempferi )

Embryogenic callus (EC) was created from mature embryos of Larix kaempferi. With the mature embryos, keeping the culture in dark conditions throughout the experiment (38.2%) seemed to give better results than exposing them to 16 h light () for the first week (21.9%). EC was obtained most frequently from Quoirin and Lepoivre (LP) mediums with 1.0 mg/L 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (Picloram), plus 1.0 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) (62.8%) or Litvay's medium (LM) containing 1.0 mg/L p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (pCPA) plus 1.0 mg/L BA (62.8%) treatment. In both cases, best results were obtained when zygotic embryos were cultured in darkness. As for the effective sucrose concentration on initiation of EC, 29.2 mM sucrose (38.6%) gave the best results.
Maximal Density and Phases of Death in Populations of Glaucoma piriformis

THE THE growth of protozoan populations in pure cultures has not been investigated extensively, although the observations of Phelps (v935, I936) and Loefer (1936) have indicated that growth of ciliates is not markedly different from that of bacteria. In fact, Phelps (1935) has described several of Buchanan's phases of growthinitial stationary, lag, logarithmic growth, negative growth acceleration, and maximal stationary phase-in cultures of Glaucoma piriformis. However, the observations of Phelps were limited to the first few days of incubation, and complete histories of populations are known for only one ciliate-Paramecium bursaria (Loefer, 1936). Hence, present knowledge of the later phases in growth of protozoan populations is very limited. In view of this situation, the writers have attempted to trace growth of G. piriformis, with particular attention to the phases following the maximal stationary phase in which maximal density of population is reached.
Finite Time Output Feedback Attitude Tracking Control for Rigid Body Based on Extended State Observer

In this paper, the attitude tracking control problem of output feedback is investigated. A finite time extended state observer (FTESO) is designed through the homogeneous Lyapunov method to estimate the virtual angular velocity and total disturbances. Based on these estimated states, a finite time attitude tracking controller is developed. The numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Influence of dietary protein on fatty acid synthesis in chicks

Body fat accumulation is a major concern in the poultry industry. Therefore, knowledge about the molecular mechanisms that control de novo fatty acid synthesis and applied nutritional research that limits fat production in chickens is of critical value to the poultry industry. The ability for increased dietary protein concentrations to decrease de novo fatty acid synthesis in birds is correlated with a decrease in malic enzyme activity that is preceded by a decrease in malic enzyme mRNA expression (Adams and Davis, 2001). More importantly, the changes in malic enzyme mRNA expression occur with in 3 h of a change in the dietary protein level (Adams and Davis, 2001). The current research established that the changes in malic enzyme mRNA expression are proceeded by changes in the mRNA expression of the transcription factor spot 14. The current research also indicates that dietary protein’s influence on spot 14 mRNA expression may be mediated by glucagon and/or thyroid hormone. In conclusion, it is well established that increasing dietary protein concentrations will reduce de novo fatty acid synthesis in birds and subsequently body fat content. As researchers continue to delineate the biochemical mechanisms by which protein causes this effect, practical dietary manipulations may be identified to control the body fat content of broilers and the identification of critical biochemical mediators in the process may lead to their use as genetic markers in the selection of broilers for leanness. INDEX WORDS: Lipogenesis, Spot 14, dietary protein, chicks. mRNA expression. INFLUENCE OF DIETARY PROTEIN ON FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS IN CHICKS
P2P Detection of Travel Mode

The detection of the users’ travel mode is becoming more relevant due to the ubiquity of mobile devices and the applicability of this technology in multiple contexts. Many solutions can be found in the literature that aims at identifying the transport mode. However, some problems still exist due to the number of variables that negatively impact the system’s accuracy, the device’s power consumption, detection delays, etc. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose a new solution that combines a common machine learning technique with a P2P Network. This network allows the applications running in each device to exchange information and, consequently, improve the certainty of the classiﬁer. We believe that this solution provides higher conﬁdence levels for each detection while maintaining a near real-time transport identiﬁcation.
TrustDBle: Towards Trustable Shared Databases

In this paper, we present TrustDBle [ "tr2st@b@l ], a trusta-ble DBMS which can be used for shared access by multiple parties. TrustDBle is based on our previous work on BlockchainDB which uses blockchains as an auditable storage to guarantee transparency and auditability of any data change. TrustDBle extends this work with a secure OLTP engine that implements veriﬁable ACID-compliant transaction execution on shared data while preserving scalability. In this work we discuss the main design choices and considerations for building trustable data management systems and show ﬁrst results from our work on TrustDBle .
Reducing Age Bias in Machine Learning: An Algorithmic Approach

, Abstract. In this paper, we study the prevalence of bias in machine learning; we explore the life cycle phases where bias is potentially introduced into a machine learning model; and lastly, we present how adversarial learning can be leveraged to measure unwanted bias and unfair behavior from a machine learning algorithm. This study focuses particularly on the topics of age bias in predicting employee attrition and presents a practical approach for how adversarial learning can be successful in mitigating age bias. To measure bias, we calculate group fairness metrics across ﬁve-year age groups and evaluate fairness between a baseline predictive model and an adversarial model. Comparing the fairness metrics of demographic parity and equality of odds, as well as model accuracy, the adversarial model demonstrates a deﬁnite improvement on the demographic parity measurement across all age groups in relation to the baseline model.
Sap flow for beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in a natural and a managed forest—effect of spatial heterogeneity

Aims Beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) is an important species in natural and managed forests in Europe. This drought-sensitive species dominates even-aged stands as well more natural stands composed of a mixture of tree species, age and size classes. This study evaluates the extent that heterogeneity in spacing and tree diameter affect the seasonal availability and use of water. Two (i) a heterogeneous forest remnant with to ; 300 years old, a mean of m and a total of 733 stems ha (cid:1) 1 with stem diameters averaging 18 cm and (ii) an even-aged 80-year old stand (MAN), with a height of 25 m, and a total of 283 stems ha with diameters averaging 38 s m ), continuously 12 (MAN) and 13 (NAT) using 20-mm long dissipation sensors. Individual tree measures of sap ﬂow were correlated using non-linear statistical methodswith air vapour pressure deﬁcit ( D , hPa) and global radiation ( R g , J m (cid:1) 2 day (cid:1) 1 ), along with constraints imposed by reductions in soil water content (SWC). SWC was measured as volumetric % using time domain reﬂectometry. The daily integrated J s ( J s-sum ) for trees growing in the evenly spaced MAN stand and trees in canopy and closed forest positions in NAT stand decreased as the availability of soil moisture was reduced. In the heterogeneous NAT stand, SWC in a recently formed canopy gap remained high throughout the vegetation period. Based on regression models, the predicted relative decrease in J s-sum for dry relative to moist soil water conditions in the closed forest (at mean daily D = 10 hPa) was 7–11% for trees near the gap and 39–42% for trees in the closed forest. In MAN, the reduction in J s-sum was 29% in dry relative to moist conditions. J s-sum in the outer 20 mm of the xylem in NAT was lower than that in MAN and the rate of decline in J s with xylem depth was less in NAT than in MAN. In MAN, J s-sum in deep and outer xylem was negatively affected at low soil moisture availability; in NAT, this was the case for only the outer xylem indi-cating that deep roots could be important in supplying water at times of low soil moisture in the upper soil.
Dear Editor in Chief We are pleased to submit a revised manuscript entitled Efficacy of using Radar Derived Factors in Landslide Susceptibility Analysis: case study of Koslanda, Sri Lanka for publication in the Journal of Natural Hazards and Earth System

Through the recent technological developments of radar and optical remote sensing in (i) the areas of temporal, spectral, spatial, and global coverage, (ii) the availability of such images either at a low cost or free of charge, and (iii) the 10 advancement of tools developed in image analysis techniques and GIS for spatial data analysis, there is a vast potential for landslide studies using remote sensing and GIS as tools. Hence, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of using Radar Derived Factors (RDF) in identifying landslide susceptibility using bivariate, Information Value method (InfoVal method) and multivariate, Multi Criteria Decision Analysis based on Analytic Hierarchy Process statistical analysis. Using identified landslide causative factors, four landslide prediction models as bivariate without and with RDF, multivariate without and with 15 RDF were generated. Twelve factors as topographical, hydrological, geological, land cover and soil plus three RDF are considered. The weight of index for landslide susceptibility is calculated by using landslide failure map and susceptibility regions are categorized into four classes as very low, low, moderate, and high susceptibility to landslides. With the integration of RDF, boundary detection between high and very low susceptible regions are increased by 7%, and 4% respectively.
Mechanistic studies on the regulation of Ran-function by post-translational lysine-acetylation

The small GTP-binding protein Ran regulates fundamental cellular processes such as nucleocytoplasmic transport, nuclear envelope formation and mitotic spindle assembly. The two nucleotide states of Ran, GTP- and GDP-bound, are characterized by distinct conformations of two regulatory regions (switch I and switch II) which determine effector binding. The interconversion of these two states is facilitated by regulatory proteins (RanGAP, RCC1). The differential localization of these proteins leads to the formation of a Ran*GDP/GTP gradient. A mass-spectrometrical screen of the acetylome of human cell lines in 2009 identified five acetylation sites in Ran, which were confirmed by subsequent screens in different organisms. The aim of this thesis was to study the impact of Ran-acetylation on Ran-function. Furthermore, the abundance and regulation of this post-translational modification was investigated to judge the physiological relevance of Ran-acetylation. In this study, recombinant Ran was site-specifically acetylated at lysines 37, 60, 71, 99 and 159 using the genetic-code expansion concept in E.coli. The proteins were purified and characterized regarding their intrinsic properties and the interaction with the nucleotide exchange factor RCC1, the major import receptor Importin-s and the Ran-shuttling protein NTF2 (nuclear transport factor 2). The comprehensive in vitro characterization revealed that acetylation of single lysines impacts on RCC1-interaction and -catalysis, Ran-localization and import-complex formation. Ran acetylated at lysines 37, 99 or 159 exhibits a higher binding affinity for Importin-s. Acetylation of lysine 71 (in switch II) has a dominant negative effect on RCC1 analogous to the T24N-mutant of Ran. Furthermore, it abolishes NTF2-interaction, which consequently affects Ran-localization and the formation of the Ran-gradient. Moreover, Ran acetylated at lysine 99 resembles a loss-of-function mutant regarding RCC1, lowering affinity and nucleotide exchange rates. Regulatory enzymes for Ran-specific de-/acetylation were identified in vitro and in vivo. Sirt1, -2 and -3 are deacetylating enzymes for lysine 37 of Ran, whereas lysine 71 is specifically deacetylated by Sirt2. The enzymatic acetylation of Ran by the acetyltransferases Tip60, p300 and CBP was shown by immunoblotting and mass-spectrometrical analysis and lysines 37, 134 and 142 were identified as the major acetyl-acceptors of Ran. Taken together, these results suggest a strong regulatory potential of Ran-acetylation depending on the cellular context.
Selective Attention and Drug Related Attention

One of the main problems of the drug abusers is drug related attention bias, which causes craving, and as a result drive the drug abusers to take narcotics. Methadone is used as a maintenance treatment for drug abusers. The purpose of this study is evaluation of the effect of Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) on selective attention and drug related attention bias. This study investigated drug cue-related attention bias and selective attention in 16 methadone-maintained patients before and 45 days after methadone therapy period. Stroop color-word test and addiction Stroop test were used as measurement methods. Results show less reaction time and higher accuracy in Color-Word Stroop Test after MMT and less delay for addict related word in addiction Stroop test. It is concluded that methadone can improve selective attention capability and reduce drug related attention bias. © 2011 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Medica Iranica, 2011; 49(12): 814-817.
Streptomyces levoris Immobilized on Silica Gel 60 as a Novel Biosorbent for Copper (II) Preconcentration

In the present study dead Streptomyces levoris biomass loaded on silica gel 60 was applied as an eco-friendly solid phase extractor for copper (II) preconcentration prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The influences of different parameters such as pH of the sample solution, amount of solid phase, type and concentration of eluent, flow rate of sample solution, sample volume, and interfering effect of diverse ions on the preconcentration procedure were evaluated. An enrichment factor of 25 was achieved under optimum experimental conditions. The obtained results showed that Streptomyces levoris immobilized on silica gel can be considered as a promising new biosorbent for solid phase extraction of trace amounts of copper (II).
Robust Methodology to Learn Across Megaprojects

Megaprojects are usually defined as projects with a budget above $1 billion and a high level of innovation, complexity & uniqueness both in terms of physical infrastructure and stakeholder network (Brookes and Locatelli 2015). Moreover, they often provide fewer benefits than what were originally expected are affected by delays and cost overrun (Locatelli et al. 2017). Despite this techno-economic magnitude, the relevance of their impact on the context where they are delivered, and consequently the interest they rise among practitioners and researchers, it is still extremely hard to gather lessons learned from these projects in a systematic way. This paper presents an innovative methodology based on benchmarking to investigate both good & bad practices and how to learn from a portfolio of unique megaprojects.
ARAS: Ambiguity-aware Robust Active SLAM based on Multi-hypothesis State and Map Estimations

In this paper, we introduce an ambiguity-aware robust active SLAM (ARAS) framework that makes use of multi-hypothesis state and map estimations to achieve better robustness. Ambiguous measurements can result in multiple probable solutions in a multi-hypothesis SLAM (MH-SLAM) system if they are temporarily unsolvable (due to insufficient information), our ARAS aims at taking all these probable estimations into account explicitly for decision making and planning, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not yet been covered by any previous active SLAM approach (which mostly consider a single hypothesis at a time). This novel ARAS framework 1) adopts local contours for efficient multi-hypothesis exploration, 2) incorporates an active loop closing module that revisits mapped areas to acquire information for hypotheses pruning to maintain the overall computational efficiency, and 3) demonstrates how to use the output target pose for path planning under the multi-hypothesis estimations. Through extensive simulations and a real-world experiment, we demonstrate that the proposed ARAS algorithm can actively map general indoor environments more robustly than a similar single-hypothesis approach in the presence of ambiguities.
Simultaneous Presence of G 1 and G 4 Mutations in Growth Differentiation Factor 9 Gene of

There are three genes that play key roles in the follicular growth and ovulation rate of sheep (Fabre et al. 2006); these include ALK6 (activin receptor-like kinase 6) or BMPR-1B (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1-B), GDF9 (growth and differentiation factor-9) and the BMP15 (Bone morphogenetic proteins). In sheep, GDF9 gene is located on chromosome 5 (Sadighi et al. 2002). This gene (GDF9) is 5.2 kb in length, contains two exons and one intron, 1126 bp ORF encoding an immature polypeptide with 453 amino acids and active polypeptide of 135 amino acids (Sadighi et al. 2002). So far, ten mutations in this gene has been observed in Belclair and Cambridge breed of sheep (Hanrahan et al. 2004), one mutation has been observed in the Thoka breed (Nicol et al. 2009), and one mutation in Norwegian White sheep (Vage et al. 2013). Among these, five mutations lead to amino acid changes in the mature polypeptide pattern in which three of these mutations (G7, G8 and Thoka) cause non-conservative alteration of the amino acids and affect on multiple pregnancy or sterility in sheep breeds (Våge et al. 2013). The GDF9 levels in mice (Yan et al. 2001) and the simultaneous presence of both BMP15 and GDF9 The fecundity in sheep has been much interested for producers due to its economical importance. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) is an autosomal gene with over dominance effect for two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which resulted in sterility in homozygote mutant ewes and additive effect for three SNPs, without showing sterility event. In the present study, DNA was extracted from whole blood of 19 Iranian Afshari and 8 Shal sheep breeds. The extracted DNA was multiplied several folds for G1, G4 and G8 sites in GDF9 gene through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and was sent for sequencing. Results showed that G1-GDF9 mutation (arginine to histidine shift) was detected in Afshari breed, while G4-GDF9 mutation (glutamic acid to lysine shift) was detected in both Afshari and Shal breeds. The observed SNPs were recorded with very low frequency (<8%) in fertile ewes with twining birth, while infertile ewe did not carry the mutant allele. This might indicate an association between these mutations and twin-births in Iranian breeds. Furthermore, these mutations could not be the reason for ewe infertility. In consistent with the rare frequency of infertility in Iranian sheep, the investigated population lacked the G8 or Thoka mutations, which are the most effective mutations in GDF9 gene. This may be due to lack or rare frequency of this SNP in Iranian sheep flocks. In conclusion, G1and G4-GDF9 SNPs are segregating with very low frequency in Iranian sheep flocks, so that no homozygous ewe for these SNPs was detected in the current study. The same phenomenon could be the case for other important mutations and the sample size should be very large to rule out presence of such mutations in Iranian sheep breeds.