Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morpho-physiological changes of four tropical tree seedlings under aluminum stress

Abstract. Pidjath C, Sopandie D, Turjaman M, Budi SW. 2021. Morpho-physiological changes of four tropical tree seedlings under aluminum stress. Biodiversitas 22: 1211-1220. Phytotoxicity of aluminum due to acidic soil can cause a major threat to plant survival and health in the tropical region. Woody plant species are known to be well adapted to acidic soils. The research aimed to assess the growth and physiological response of tropical tree species Calliandra calothyrsus Meisn, Samanea saman Jacq. Merr, Ochroma grandiflora Rowlee, and Calophyllum inophyllum Linn exposed to high aluminum concentration in a nutrient solution. The completely randomized design was applied in this experiment with two treatments (0 and 4.0 mM Al exposure). Each treatment consists of three replicates for each species. The results revealed that the Al concentration of 4.0 mM inhibited plant growth, and nutrient uptake of all plants tested. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of S. saman and C. calothyrsus were higher when exposed to 4.0 mM Al, whereas O. grandiflora and C. inophyllum were lower. Hematoxylin staining showed high Al accumulation in the root epidermal and outer cortical cells of all plants except C. inophyllum. The Al concentration of 4 mM decreased the calcium and magnesium concentrations in shoots and roots in all plants tested. There was a high increase in Al concentration in shoots of O. grandiflora. Based on various parameters studied, we concluded that C. inophyllum could be proposed as a tolerant species, whereas O. grandiflora is more vulnerable to aluminum stress.
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Healing Strategies of COVID-19

In the present chapter, some notable features (epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics) regarding recent outbreak COVID-19 have been reviewed. Most significant features related to COVID-19 such as (i) roots of infection and disease manifestation, (ii) shape and structure of viral S-protein, (iii) genome sequence study and replication in host cell, (iv) role of environmental factors, (v) diagnosis tools and (vi) role of biosensor have been critically investigated. The biological and behavioral risk factors for pregnant women before and after child birth have been dictated clearly. Pulmonary abnormalities due to COVID-19 of the patient having diabetes, cancer etc. history have been clarified with help of CT imaging. Finally, prevention and cure strategies adopted by many health professionals based on the existing drugs are mentioned with their side effects.
Nitric Oxide Generating Formulation as an Innovative Approach to Topical Skin Care: An Open-Label Pilot Study

Nitric oxide (NO) plays multiple roles in both normal and abnormal skin processes. Its deranging disbalance is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple dermatologic diseases such as acne vulgaris, pointing towards beneficial therapeutic directions. A novel NO-producing gel-formulation was tested beneficial in the treatment of acne vulgaris in an open-label pilot study using clinical evaluation scores. It showed a decrease of comedones and inflammatory pustulae and reduced the Global Acne Grading System score by 50% within eight weeks. In addition, we demonstrate a potential use as cosmetic agent where NO therapy leads to an increase of skin integrity and a reduction of skin ageing processes.
Consumer Modeling by Multiobjective Genetic Fuzzy Systems : A descriptive rule induction approach

This paper is the result of an interdisciplinary research between the marketing and the artificial intelligence fields. It briefly presents a brand new methodology to be applied in marketing (causal) modeling. Specifically, we apply it to a consumer behavior model used for the experimentation. The characteristics of the problem (with uncertain data and available knowledge from a marketing expert) and the multiobjective optimization we propose make genetic fuzzy systems a good tool for tackling it. In sum, by applying this methodology we obtain useful information patterns (fuzzy rules) which help to better understand the relations among the elements of the marketing system (causal model) being analyzed; in our case, a consumer model.
Tunable underwater acoustic metamaterials via quasi-Helmholtz resonance: From low-frequency to ultra-broadband

We report a lightweight tunable acoustic metamaterial with deep subwavelength thickness (e.g., λ / 300) and strong load-bearing capability for underwater low-frequency and ultra-broadband acoustic perfect absorption. The metamaterial is constructed by introducing a rubber coating and an embedded metallic neck into a metallic hexagonal honeycomb Helmholtz resonator. Physically, the quasi-Helmholtz resonance triggered by the rubber coating together with the anti-phase cancellation caused by the embedded neck leads to superior sound absorption. Theoretical predictions of the metamaterial performance agree well with finite element simulation results. With fixed external morphology (e.g., honeycomb-cored sandwich panel) and fixed overall thickness (e.g., 50 mm), key internal geometrical parameters of the proposed metamaterial can be tailored to achieve tunable perfect absorption from, e.g., 100 Hz to 300 Hz. Further, combining such tunable quasi-Helmholtz resonance leads to ultra-broadband quasi-perfect absorption from, e.g., 306 Hz to 921 Hz. This work contributes to designing underwater acoustic metamaterials and controlling underwater acoustic waves.
Study on the possibility of applying the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology in online insurance business

: In the context of the fourth technological revolution, online insurance has become a new trend of providing insurance products around the world. In Vietnam, some insurance companies have innovatively applied new technologies in their business activities, including online insurance. However, the field of online insurance is still in slow development and there have not been studies to find out about the degree of customer acceptance of this service. Therefore, the research team conducted a survey on customers 'demand for online insurance and researched the factors affecting customers' intention and behavior for using online insurance services through the Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The research team used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the relationship between the factors in the model. The research results show that risk perception, trust, social influence, and expected performance have an impact on customers' intention to use online insurance and the relationship between customers' intention and behavior for using online insurance.
C-Band and X-Band Switchable Frequency-Selective Surface

This paper presents a highly compact frequency-selective surface (FSS) that has the potential to switch between the X-band (8 GHz–12 GHz) and C-band (4 GHz–8 GHz) for RF shielding applications. The proposed FSS is composed of a square conducting loop with inward-extended arms loaded with curved extensions. The symmetric geometry allows the RF shield to perform equally for transverse electric (TE), transverse magnetic (TM), and 45° polarizations. The unit cell has a dimension of 0.176 λ0 and has excellent angular stability up to 60°. The resonance mechanism was investigated using equivalent circuit models of the shield. The design of the unit element allowed incorporation of PIN diodes between adjacent elements for switching to a lower C-band spectrum at 6.6 GHz. The biasing network is on the bottom layer of the substrate to avoid effects on the shielding performance. A PIN diode configuration for the switching operation was also proposed. In simulations, the PIN diode model was incorporated to observe the switchable operation. Two prototypes were fabricated, and the switchable operation was demonstrated by etching copper strips on one fabricated prototype between adjacent unit cells (in lieu of PIN diodes) as a proof of the design prototypes. Comparisons among the results confirmed that the design offers high angular stability and excellent performance in both bands.
Co–Sn–Cu oxides/graphene nanocomposites as green catalysts for preparing 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes and apoptosis‐inducing agents in MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells

Abstract In this work, Co–Sn–Cu oxides/graphene nanocomposite, 30–40 ± 0.5 nm in size, was synthesized by solid‐state microwave irradiation. This method presents several advantages such as operational simplicity, fast, low cost, safe and energy efficient, and suitability for production of high purity of nanoparticles. Other advantages of this method are there is no need for the use of solvent, fuel, and surfactant. Co–Sn–Cu oxides/graphene nanocomposites have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, energy‐dispersive X–ray spectroscopy, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The synthesized nanocomposites were used as novel highly efficient catalysts for the synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes at room temperature. The catalysts are recoverable and can be reused for six runs without loss of their activity. Also, the obtained nanocomposites exhibited significant anticancer activity against breast cancer cells and they could induce apoptosis in cancer cells.
Dimorphism, Polyploidy, and Genetic Diversity in the Australian Endemic Lycium australe (Solanaceae)

Premise of research. Whole-genome duplication is often associated with the evolution of dimorphic sexual systems; however, the association is not universal, and the evolutionary pathway(s) underlying the association remain unresolved. The genus Lycium has been demonstrated as a useful system for investigating ploidy and sexual system variation. Here, we describe ploidy and floral variation in L. australe and document genetic diversity and dimorphism across its range. Methodology. Sexual system and size dimorphism were assessed using morphological measurements of 486 flowers. Flow cytometry was used to determine DNA content and ploidy level for 167 plants from across the species range. Using the plastid region trnH-psbA and restriction site–associated DNA sequencing (RADseq), we explored the genetic structure of the species, including an examination of associations of ploidy and sexual system with genetic structure. Pivotal results. We find correlated variation in ploidy level, sexual system, and genetic structure in L. australe. Both gynodioecy and dioecy are documented and are associated with diploidy and polyploidy, respectively. Floral size dimorphism is also found among morphs in both sexual systems. We find significant genetic structure associated with ploidy level and geography based on genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms and plastid haplotypes. Conclusions. We show that L. australe has associated polymorphism in sexual system and ploidy, but the association is an exception to the pattern in the genus. Genetic and ploidy variation in the species suggests potential reproductive barriers and ecological differentiation between cytotypes of differing ploidies. The widespread parapatric distributions of diploid and polyploid L. australe make it an ideal system for studying questions related to reproductive compatibility, ecological differentiation, and polyploid speciation.
Effect of Incentive Amount on U.S. Adolescents’ Participation in an Accelerometer Data Collection Component of a National Survey

Behavioral research increasingly uses accelerometers to provide objective estimates of physical activity. This study extends research on methods for collecting accelerometer data among youth by examining whether the amount of a monetary incentive affects enrollment and compliance in a mail-based accelerometer study of adolescents. We invited a subset of adolescents in a national web-based study to wear an accelerometer for seven days and return it by mail; participants received either $20 or $40 for participating. Enrollment did not significantly differ by incentive amount. However, adolescents receiving the $40 incentive had significantly higher compliance (accelerometer wear and return). This difference was largely consistent across demographic subgroups. Those in the $40 group also wore the accelerometer for more time than the $20 group on the first two days of the study. Compared to $20, a $40 incentive may promote youth completion of mail-based accelerometer studies.
Antibacterial activities of centrifugally spun polyethylene oxide/silver composite nanofibers

Correspondence Mataz Alcoutlabi, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA. Email: mataz.alcoutlabi@utrgv.edu Abstract Composite nanofibers were prepared successfully by centrifugal spinning of poly(ethylene oxide) aqueous solutions containing silver nanoparticles. The core focus of the present work is to carefully evaluate the antibacterial activity of poly(ethylene oxide)–Ag composite nanofibers in the presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) bacteria. Centrifugally spun nanofibers were obtained from poly(ethylene oxide)–Ag precursor solutions with different Ag nanoparticle loadings. The process parameters such as the spinneret rotational speed, collector-spinneret distance, and relative humidity were optimized to obtain fine fibers. The complex morphology and flexible structure of the poly(ethylene oxide)– Ag composite fibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. The composite nanofibers have been proven as a strong antibacterial agent against E. coli and B. cereus due to their capacity to form superior inhibition zones. The efficiency of inhibiting bacteria by nanofibers was over 98%. The workability of the bacteria was impeded by the nanofibrous membrane as the Ag nanoparticles presented an effective chemical ability to dysfunction the bacterial structure at the nanoscale. These results demonstrate that the centrifugally spun poly(ethylene oxide)–Ag nanofibers are promising antibacterial agents for biomedical applications.
Ten Years of Operation of a Small Belgian Medium-Security Unit—How Are We Doing?

Abstract International literature suggests that forensic care is best organized by independent security levels with appropriate infrastructure, procedures, and therapeutic goals. However, resources are not always sufficient to allow for organizing this way. We describe the functioning of a medium-security unit (MSU) where we not only rehabilitate forensic patients for their transition from prison to community life but also readmit relapsing patients and provide time-outs for patients in crisis. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this cohabitation for patients and personnel. This study is also the first to present figures regarding readmissions of relapsing patients and prison remittal in Belgium from a MSU point of view.
The late pleistocene cave bear fauna of the Torrener Bärenhöhle in the northern alps (Salzburg, Austria)

ABSTRACT The Torrener Bärenhöhle (Cave of Torren) is an alpine bear cave in the limestone Alps near Salzburg (Austria). The entrance of this cave is located in the riverbed of a periodically flowing stream that floods the caverns during snowmelt or after heavy rainfall. Due to these flooding events, the fossiliferous layers were repeatedly destroyed and the fossil remains – mainly cave bear bones – were distributed over the cave’s entrance hall. The fossil collections have taken place since 1924. During the last decades, numerous bones scattered over the cave floor have been collected again and again. In this study, we conduct metric and morphological analyses of this fossil material as well as DNA analyses in an attempt to clarify the taxonomic position of the cave bear remains. The chronological status of the bear remains has not yet been clarified, because the few samples that have been analysed so far were beyond the range of 14C dating, indicating they are older than 49,000 cal yr BP. The following taxa are represented in small numbers: Brown bear (Ursus arctos L.), wolf (Canis lupus L.), cave lion (Panthera spelaeus Goldfuss, 1810), European bison (Bison bonasus L.) and beaver (Castor fiber L.).
Co-design with marginalised people: designers’ perceptions of barriers and enablers

ABSTRACT The base of the world income pyramid, typically known as the Base of the pyramid (BOP), represents low-income people living in developing countries. Co-design with BOP people is crucial for sustained adoption and use of products and services. Based on interviews with practising designers, we identify barriers and enablers that the designers encounter in undertaking various tasks in the process of co-designing with these marginalised people. The findings suggest that a broad range of factors, related to the BOP context, co-design processes and methods, organisational issues, and aspects of collaboration, support or hinder activities in the co-design process. Consideration of these factors, as perceived by the designers, can lead to more impactful co-design with BOP people.
Forced Migration and the Quest for Normality: Post-Migratory Experiences of Traumatized Iraqi Refugees in Norway

The study investigates how a clinical sample of Iraqi refugee men speak about their lives in Norway, specifically on their experiences related to factors known to be influential in the restoration of normality in exile. Using thematic analysis (TA), the major themes extracted in this study relate to employment, finances and social support. These themes were all found to be influential in the lives of the participants, encouraging a sense of normality when in place. Drawing from Conservation of resources theory and The resource-based model of refugee adaptation, the key-findings suggest that (1) access to resources are regulated by social and political conditions and that (2) resource spirals perpetuate positive and negative cycles in the lives of the participants. We also engage in discussions on social inequality, discuss implications of the findings for service providers, and finally we make suggestions for future research.
Topography not tenure controls extent of wildfire within Mountain Ash forests

Two high intensity wildfire events, 70 years apart, burnt large areas of Mountain Ash forests in the Central Highlands, Victoria, Australia. Both resulted in Royal Commissions (the strongest form of judicial inquiry in Australia) as to their cause(s) owing to large losses of life and property. Here we tested the hypothesis that site ‘wetness’—determined using a Topographic Wetness Index—is a major determinant of the extent of fire (% of sample points that burnt) within high intensity wildfire events and across tenures. We show that wetness dominated the extent of fire in these forests in both the 1939 and 2009 wildfire events. Mountain Ash forests are now strongly skewed in their distribution, with wetter and older forests favored by protected tenures (e.g. National Parks) designed to meet needs for water and conservation. In 2009, the extent of fire at the stand scale in water catchments and conservation tenures was twice that in 1939. In land tenures with multiple uses (e.g. State Forests), the extent of fire was one-third less in 2009 than it was in 1939. Topographic controls on water availability, and major droughts, will likely continue to dominate the extent and likelihood of fire in these forests.
“You’re the boss, yo!”: Role-Play in Digital Multimodal Composition of Newcomer Youth

This case study explores how two 16-year-old newcomer youth in a Canadian secondary school navigated the digital multimodal composition process through role-play in their first digital video production at school. Employing a qualitative, case-study design, the study shows how the youth playfully accentuated collaborative over coercive power relations, as well as repositioned and represented their imagined identities as they played different assigned roles in the filmmaking process. The implications of these findings are discussed for educators and researchers considering digital multimodal composition as a classroom literacy practice.
A dated volcano‐tectonic deformation event in Jan Mayen causing landlocking of Arctic charr

We provide the first documentation of tectonic deformation resulting from a volcanic eruption on the island of Jan Mayen. Vertical displacement of about 14 m southwest of the stratovolcano Beerenberg is associated with an eruption in ad 1732 on its southeastern flank. The age of the uplift event is bracketed by radiocarbon‐dated driftwood buried by material deposited due to uplift, and by tephra from this eruption. Constraints, inferred from radiocarbon ages alone, allow for the possibility that uplift was completed prior to the ad 1732 eruption. However, the occurrence of tephra in the sediment column indicates that some displacement was ongoing during the eruption but ceased before the eruption terminated. We attribute the tectonic deformation to intrusion of shallow magma associated with the volcanic eruption. Our results complement previous studies of volcanic activity on Jan Mayan by providing precise age constraints for past volcanic activity. Also, it raises new hypotheses regarding the nature, timing and prevalence of precursor tectonic events to Jan Mayan eruptions. The uplift caused the complete isolation of a coastal lake by closing its outlet to the sea, thus landlocking the facultative migratory fish species Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus).
Quantum uncertainty as classical uncertainty of real-deterministic variables constructed from complex weak values and a global random variable

What does it take for real-deterministic $c$-valued (i.e., classical, commuting) variables to comply with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle? Here, we construct a class of real-deterministic $c$-valued variables out of the weak values obtained via a nonperturbing weak measurement of quantum operators with a postselection over a complete set of state vectors basis, which always satisfies the Kennard-Robertson-Schr\"odinger uncertainty relation. First, we introduce an auxiliary global random variable and couple it to the imaginary part of the weak value to convert the incompatibility between the quantum operator and the basis into the fluctuation of an ``error term,'' and then superimpose it onto the real part of the weak value. We show that this class of ``$c$-valued physical quantities'' provides a real-deterministic contextual hidden-variable model for the quantum expectation value of a certain class of operators. We then show that the Schr\"odinger and the Kennard-Robertson lower bounds can be obtained separately by imposing the classical uncertainty relation to the $c$-valued physical quantities associated with a pair of Hermitian operators. Within the representation, the complementarity between two incompatible quantum observables manifests the absence of a basis wherein the error terms of the associated two $c$-valued physical quantities simultaneously vanish. Furthermore, quantum uncertainty principle is captured by a specific irreducible epistemic restriction between the two $c$-valued physical quantities, foreign in classical mechanics, constraining the allowed form of their joint distribution. We then suggest an epistemic interpretation of the two terms decomposing the $c$-valued physical quantity as the optimal estimate under the epistemic restriction and the associated estimation error, and discuss the classical limit.