Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The development and evaluation of mini-GEMs – short, focused, online e-learning videos in geriatric medicine

ABSTRACT Mini Geriatric E-Learning Modules (Mini-GEMs) are short, focused, e-learning videos on geriatric medicine topics, hosted on YouTube, which are targeted at junior doctors working with older people. This study aimed to explore how these resources are accessed and used. The authors analyzed the viewing data from 22 videos published over the first 18 months of the Mini-GEM project. We conducted a focus group of U.K. junior doctors considering their experiences with Mini-GEMS. The Mini-GEMs were viewed 10,291 times over 18 months, equating to 38,435 minutes of total viewing time. The average viewing time for each video was 3.85 minutes. Learners valued the brevity and focused nature of the Mini-GEMs and reported that they watched them in a variety of settings to supplement clinical experiences and consolidate learning. Watching the videos led to an increase in self-reported confidence in managing older patients. Mini-GEMs can effectively disseminate clinical teaching material to a wide audience. The videos are valued by junior doctors due to their accessibility and ease of use.
Development of vignettes for learning and professional development

ABSTRACT Vignettes are short, descriptive stories of an incident of practice. They contain realistic contents and can therefore be a trigger for learning processes. The overall goal of this study is to develop work task vignettes as a trigger for learning processes and the professional development of geriatric nurses. First, the authors analyzed how vignettes have to be designed to use them as a trigger for learning processes and professional development. Second, based on these requirements, the authors developed four vignettes describing the work tasks of geriatric nursing staff and validated them in an interview study with 12 experts in the domain of geriatric nursing. Results indicate that the design of vignettes based on criteria for their style and content and the validation of the vignettes in an interview study with experts is an appropriate way to generate vignettes that can be used for learning and professional development.
Nurturing gerontology students’ intrinsic motivation to cocreate: The design of a powerful learning environment

ABSTRACT Professionals such as gerontologists play an important role in the design, development and implementation of age-friendly services. and products, by using working methods and principles of co-creation. A Dutch undergraduate applied gerontology programme aims to train students in the why, how and what of co-creation. The degree to which students are intrinsically motivated to develop competencies depends on how their psychological needs are met. These needs are autonomy, an awareness of competence and a sense of relatedness, as described in the self-determination theory. To nurture the intrinsic motivation of the applied gerontology students, a realistic, powerful learning environment called the Living Lab Applied Gerontology was designed and implemented. The aim of this paper is to present the design of this powerful learning environment and to discuss its value for nurturing the students’ intrinsic motivation for co-creation. Based on a focus group with eight students, we identify directions for further research and development of living labs.
Molecular genetic improvements of cyanobacteria to enhance the industrial potential of the microbe: A review

The rapid increase in worldwide population coupled with the increasing demand for fossil fuels has led to an increased urgency to develop sustainable sources of energy and chemicals from renewable resources. Using microorganisms to produce high‐value chemicals and next‐generation biofuels is one sustainable option and is the focus of much current research. Cyanobacteria are ideal platform organisms for chemical and biofuel production because they can be genetically engineered to produce a broad range of products directly from CO2, H2O, and sunlight, and require minimal nutrient inputs. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview on advances that have been or could be made to improve strains of cyanobacteria for industrial purposes. First, the benefits of using cyanobacteria as a platform for chemical and biofuel production are discussed. Next, an overview of cyanobacterial strain improvements by genetic engineering is provided. Finally, mutagenesis techniques to improve the industrial potential of cyanobacteria are described. Along with providing an overview on various areas of research that are currently being investigated to improve the industrial potential of cyanobacteria, this review aims to elucidate potential targets for future research involving cyanobacteria as an industrial microorganism. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 32:1357–1371, 2016
Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brainstem and Cerebellar Nuclei–A Variability Study

sider how severe a loss of function there may be in the hand, despite the virtual normality of the patient's response to the usual forms of neurological sensory testing. Parts 2 and 3 cover the management of motor nerve and upper motor neurone injuries. The place of tendon transfer in the treatment of nerve injury, and the surgery of the hemiplegic hand will be of considerable value in helping the neurologist to decide which of his patients may benefit from surgical referral. Also in this section is an excellent review of neuromas by Dr Bruce Williams. Part 4, which covers pressure ulcerations, is a most excellent resume of the problems faced in this aspect of spinal injury treatment. It deals well with both the conservative and surgical treatment of pressure ulceration, and there is a chapter on the control of spasticity in the spinal injured patient. More mention might have been made in this section of the selective myelotomies now being tried in the lower cord region, to try and relieve spasticity without producing bladder problems. The corrective surgery for facial palsy has advanced rapidly in recent years, with the development of microsurgical nerve anastomosis techniques. Many neurologists and neurosurgeons maybe unaware of this work, and the fifth section of this book, in dealing with facial palsy, will be of considerable practical value. Hans Anderl contributes an excellent chapter on crossover grafting and presents his results in an honest fashion. Muhlbauer writes about his technique of palpebral magnets for paretic lagophthalmos, and the short chapter on free muscle grafts, although intriguing, is probably of more physiological than practical interest at present. I consider this volume a tribute to those plastic surgeons who are extending their speciality so far beyond the limited confines of cosmetic surgery. This is a well-produced and superbly illustrated book. There is no question that it should be available for reference to all neurologists and neurosurgeons. I feel sure that for many it will introduce them to concepts of treatment for the neurologically disabled that they had not previously considered. Co-operation between neurologist and plastic surgeon is, at the moment in its infancy. It is that this volume will stimu co-operation to the ultimat the patient suffering from su and disabling diseases. to be hoped late further e benefit of ich common
Interhospital Transfer Delays Appropriate Treatment for Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Objective:To test the hypothesis that interhospital transfer causes significant delays in the administration of appropriate antibiotics and compliance with the completion of Surviving Sepsis Bundle elements. Design:Single-center retrospective cohort study. Setting:A comprehensive 60,000-visit emergency department at a 711-bed Midwestern academic medical center. Patients:Patients with severe sepsis and septic shock treated between 2009 and 2014 were identified by International Classification of Diseases,9th Revision, Clinical Modification, codes, then divided into two cohorts: 1) transfer patients who arrived at the tertiary academic center after receiving care in a local community hospital and 2) control patients who presented directly to the tertiary academic center emergency department. Interventions:None. Measurement and Main Results:One hundred ninety-three patients were included. Transfer patients were more likely to require surgery in the hospital (p < 0.001) and require ICU care (p = 0.001) but had similar illness severity based on (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, 17.7 vs 17.5; p = 0.662). Antibiotic administration at 1 and 3 hours was comparable between the two cohorts, but initial antibiotic appropriateness was lower in transfer patients (34% vs 79%; p < 0.001). Transfer patients were less likely to have fluid resuscitation started by 3 hours (54% vs 89%; p < 0.001), but they were not less likely to receive an adequate fluid bolus (30 mL/kg) by the time of hospital admission (p = 0.056). There were no differences in ICU length of stay or mortality. Conclusions:Interhospital transfer significantly delays administration of appropriate initial antibiotics and resuscitation therapy. Future studies are needed to identify strategies of providing regional sepsis care prior to transfer to tertiary centers and to continue care pathways during the interhospital transfer process.
Co-Treatment of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid and Mitomycin-C Induces the Apoptosis of Rabbit Tenon's Capsule Fibroblast and Improves the Outcome of Glaucoma Filtration Surgery

Purpose: This study was undertaken to develop a new treatment modality that would be able to minimize fibrosis and provide better outcome with glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS). Methods: We examined whether co-treatment with mitomycin-C (MMC) and histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) efficiently induces apoptosis on rabbit Tenon's capsule fibroblasts (TCF) in vitro. We further examined the effect of co-treatment with SAHA and MMC on the alteration of IOP and the bleb survival in rabbits following GFS. Results: Co-treatment of MMC and SAHA efficiently induces apoptosis in TCFs via the up-regulation of p53 and increased phosphorylation of p53 on serine 15 and 392. Also, co-treatment of SAHA and low-dose MMC decreases IOP, prolongs bleb survival, and induces apoptosis of cells under the bleb area following GFS. Conclusion: This study shows that a co-treatment of SAHA and MMC could improve the outcome of GFS.
A simple cell transport device keeps culture alive and functional during shipping

Transporting living complex cellular constructs through the mail while retaining their full viability and functionality is challenging. During this process, cells often suffer from exposure to suboptimal life‐sustaining conditions (e.g. temperature, pH), as well as damage due to shear stress. We have developed a transport device for shipping intact cell/tissue constructs from one facility to another that overcomes these obstacles. Our transport device maintained three different cell lines (Caco2, A549, and HepG2 C3A) individually on transwell membranes with high viability (above 97%) for 48 h under simulated shipping conditions without an incubator. The device was also tested by actual overnight shipping of blood brain barrier constructs consisting of human induced pluripotent brain microvascular endothelial cells and rat astrocytes on transwell membranes to a remote facility (approximately 1200 miles away). The blood brain barrier constructs arrived with high cell viability and were able to regain full barrier integrity after equilibrating in the incubator for 24 h; this was assessed by the presence of continuous tight junction networks and in vivo‐like values for trans‐endothelial electrical resistance (TEER). These results demonstrated that our cell transport device could be a useful tool for long‐distance transport of membrane‐bound cell cultures and functional tissue constructs. Studies that involve various cell and tissue constructs, such as the “Multi‐Organ‐on‐Chip” devices (where multiple microscale tissue constructs are integrated on a single microfluidic device) and studies that involve microenvironments where multiple tissue interactions are of interest, would benefit from the ability to transport or receive these constructs. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 33:1257–1266, 2017
Kinematic Evaluation of Terminal Devices for Kayaking With Upper Extremity Amputation

This study evaluates the averaged kinematic motion of kayak paddling of two expert kayakers under three conditions (no prosthesis, pseudo-prosthesis with TRS kayak hand, and pseudo-prosthesis with USF kayak hand) compared with the kinematic motion of kayak paddling of individuals with upper limb amputation (transradial and transhumeral levels) using the same terminal devices. The TRS kayak hand was reportedly easier to apply to the paddle and more forgiving of technical errors in paddling form, whereas the USF hand maintained firm mediolateral grasp but demanded a more correct paddling form. The TRS hand is commercially available, easy to use, and currently the go-to hand for this activity. Both kayak hands would facilitate beginning kayak training or a return to kayaking.
Heterologous erythromycin production across strain and plasmid construction

The establishment of erythromycin production within the heterologous host E. coli marked an accomplishment in genetic transfer capacity. Namely, over 20 genes and 50 kb of DNA was introduced to E. coli for successful heterologous biosynthetic reconstitution. However, the prospect for production levels that approach those of the native host requires the application of engineering tools associated with E. coli. In this report, metabolic and genomic engineering were implemented to improve the E. coli cellular background and the plasmid platform supporting heterologous erythromycin formation. Results include improved plasmid stability and metabolic support for biosynthetic product formation. Specifically, the new plasmid design for erythromycin formation allowed for ≥89% stability relative to current standards (20% stability). In addition, the new strain (termed LF01) designed to improve carbon flow to the erythromycin biosynthetic pathway provided a 400% improvement in titer level. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 34:271–276, 2018
Modeling kinetics of a large‐scale fed‐batch CHO cell culture by Markov chain Monte Carlo method

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method was applied to model kinetics of a fed‐batch Chinese hamster ovary cell culture process in 5,000‐L bioreactors. The kinetic model consists of six differential equations, which describe dynamics of viable cell density and concentrations of glucose, glutamine, ammonia, lactate, and the antibody fusion protein B1 (B1). The kinetic model has 18 parameters, six of which were calculated from the cell culture data, whereas the other 12 were estimated from a training data set that comprised of seven cell culture runs using a MCMC method. The model was confirmed in two validation data sets that represented a perturbation of the cell culture condition. The agreement between the predicted and measured values of both validation data sets may indicate high reliability of the model estimates. The kinetic model uniquely incorporated the ammonia removal and the exponential function of B1 protein concentration. The model indicated that ammonia and lactate play critical roles in cell growth and that low concentrations of glucose (0.17 mM) and glutamine (0.09 mM) in the cell culture medium may help reduce ammonia and lactate production. The model demonstrated that 83% of the glucose consumed was used for cell maintenance during the late phase of the cell cultures, whereas the maintenance coefficient for glutamine was negligible. Finally, the kinetic model suggests that it is critical for B1 production to sustain a high number of viable cells. The MCMC methodology may be a useful tool for modeling kinetics of a fed‐batch mammalian cell culture process. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 2010
Gas geyser - a preventable cause of carbon monoxide poisoning

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colourless, odorless toxic gas formed due to incomplete combustion. Epidemics of CO poisoning commonly occur during winter months. Sources include smoke from fires, misuse of non-electric cooking and heating devices burning fuel and snow obstructed exhaust system of motor vehicles (1). The clinical presentation is non-specific and may range from nausea, headache, dizziness, confusion to profound central nervous system dysfunction and even death (1,2). The diagnosis of CO poisoning is usually based on circumstantial evidence, however brain CT and MR imaging provide objective visual evidence of brain damage after exposure to toxic gas.
Implementation and experiences of an intraoperative radiotherapy service

Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) using a miniature X-ray source has the potential to impart the same clinical benefit as external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), in a single fraction. The patient benefits are significant, since IORT could replace several weeks of fractionated EBRT. We present our initial experiences of IORT using the Zeiss Intrabeam™ system for treating early stage breast cancer and intracranial malignancies. Implementing this treatment modality requires a multidisciplinary approach drawing on the expertise of surgeons, oncologists, medical physicists, anaesthesiologists, nursing staff and pathologists. Team coherence is facilitated by a nurse co-ordinator. We have treated 66 patients in 24 months. For breast tumours, the mean treatment time was 28.54 min and the applicator sizes ranged from 3.0 to 5.0cm (mode = 4.5cm). A dose of 5Gy is prescribed to spherical volume of 1cm from the applicator surface. For brain tumours, the mean treatment time was 19.70 min and the applicator sizes ranged from 1.5 to 3.5cm (mode = 2.5cm). Mean dose was 11.1Gy prescribed to a spherical volume of 0.5cm from the applicator surface. A multidisciplinary team is essential for the successful implementation of IORT. This paper describes how, through reliance on an oncology nurse specialist to co-ordinate the programme, we have successfully set-up an IORT service.
Application of Surface Electromyography in the Assessment of Low Back Pain: A Literature Review

Abstract Low back pain is a common and leading cause of disability and results in huge costs associated with lost productivity and treatment. The cause of low back pain is often difficult to ascertain and optimum treatment strategies have not yet been defined. The importance of low back musculature fatigability in the aetiology of low back disorder has been highlighted over the last 15 years. A number of studies have investigated paraspinal muscle activity using surface electromyography. There is great variation in these studies regarding methodology, procedure, type of muscle contraction, sample size employed, and the duration, degree and source of the patients' pain. However, based on this review (1985–99), there appears to be a convincing body of evidence to suggest that surface electromyography is a reliable and valid tool for differentiating low back pain patients from normal subjects and for monitoring rehabilitation programmes.
Soluble Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 Mediates Spermine Oxidation as Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase: Possible Role in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

ABSTRACT Purpose/Aim of the study: To explore the possible role of vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) via its enzymatic function as a semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Materials and Methods: The levels of soluble VAP-1/SSAO and the unsaturated aldehyde acrolein (ACR)-conjugated protein, Nε-(3-formyl-3, 4-dehydropiperidino) lysine adduct (FDP-Lys), were measured in vitreous fluid samples of PDR and non-diabetic patients using ELISA. Recombinant human VAP-1/SSAO (rhVAP-1/SSAO) was incubated with spermine, with or without semicarbazide or RTU-1096 (a specific inhibitor for VAP-1/SSAO). Immunofluorescence assays were performed to assess the localization of VAP-1/SSAO and FDP-Lys in fibrovascular tissues from patients with PDR. The impact of ACR on cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells was assessed using a cell viability assay and total glutathione (GSH) measurements. Results: The levels of sVAP-1/SSAO and FDP-Lys were elevated in the vitreous fluid of patients with PDR. Incubation of rhVAP-1 with spermine resulted in the generation of hydrogen peroxide and FDP-Lys and the production was inhibited by semicarbazide and RTU-1096. In fibrovascular tissues, FDP-Lys and VAP-1/SSAO were present in endothelial cells. ACR stimulation reduced GSH levels in the cultured endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner and caused cellular toxicity. Conclusions: Our results indicate the pathological role of sVAP-1/SSAO to generate hydrogen peroxide and toxic aldehyde ACR, both of which are associated with oxidative stress, as a consequence of spermine oxidation in eyes with PDR.
A Review of Research on Hospital Nurses' Turnover Intention

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review articles, thesis and dissertation on turnover intention of hospital nurses in order to identify overall trends in turnover intention of nurses and suggest strategies for reducing turnover intention. Method: Thirty research papers on turnover intention of nurses were reviewed. Result: These papers were journal articles and thesis regarding nurses who worked in general wards, intensive nursing units, and emergency rooms in hospital. The tools used to measure turnover intention were Lawler (1983), Mobley (1982), and Lee (1995), and others. Most of tools were composed of 1-11 items, with 4-7 point Likert scales. Reported reliability was . 55 to . 91. The mean score for turnover intention was between 2.40 and 3.85. The important results revealed that job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and stress affected turnover intention of hospital nurses. Conclusion: The findings from this review indicate that to reduce turnover intention for hospital nurses, a nurse manager should increase job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and reduce stress by developing a good culture and work climate. Moreover it is necessary to assess stress and job satisfaction of nurses, and to manage nurses' welfare, including night duty policy, salary, and career ladder.
Near infrared fluorescence lymphatic laparoscopy of the colon and mesocolon

During surgery, a surgeon relies on the vision of his eyes and the touch of his hands. While laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer has proven to be safe and effective, it still remains a technically difficult procedure. Although it is associated with reduced haptic feedback, by enforcing the power of visual guidance, the loss of this feedback can be (partly) compensated for. Here we describe how the use of near‐infrared dyes and fluorescence laparoscopy could help improve tumour staging and therefore lead to better selection of patients for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. More controversially, and analogous to melanoma and breast cancer surgery with sentinel node biopsy, we speculate that local resection with SLN harvesting in early colon cancer might change the therapeutic and surgical strategy in colon cancer.