Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FlexWatts: A Power- and Workload-Aware Hybrid Power Delivery Network for Energy-Efficient Microprocessors

Modern client processors typically use one of three commonly-used power delivery network (PDN) architectures: 1) motherboard voltage regulators (MBVR), 2) integrated voltage regulators (IVR), and 3) low dropout voltage regulators (LDO). We observe that the energy-efficiency of each of these PDNs varies with the processor power (e.g, thermal design power (TDP) and dynamic power-state) and workload characteristics (e.g., work-load type and computational intensity). This leads to energy-inefficiency and performance loss, as modern client processors operate across a wide spectrum of power consumption and execute a wide variety of workloads.To address this inefficiency, we propose FlexWatts, a hybrid adaptive PDN for modern client processors whose goal is to provide high energy-efficiency across the processor’s wide range of power consumption and workloads. FlexWatts provides high energy-efficiency by intelligently and dynamically allocating PDNs to processor domains depending on the processor’s power consumption and workload. FlexWatts is based on three key ideas. First, FlexWatts combines IVRs and LDOs in a novel way to share multiple on-chip and off-chip resources and thus reduce cost, as well as board and die area overheads. This hybrid PDN is allocated for processor domains with a wide power consumption range (e.g., CPU cores and graphics engines) and it dynamically switches between two modes: IVR-Mode and LDO-Mode, depending on the power consumption. Second, for all other processor domains (that have a low and narrow power range, e.g., the IO domain), FlexWatts statically allocates off-chip VRs, which have high energy-efficiency for low and narrow power ranges. Third, FlexWatts introduces a novel prediction algorithm that automatically switches the hybrid PDN to the mode (IVR-Mode or LDO-Mode) that is the most beneficial based on processor power consumption and workload characteristics.To evaluate the tradeoffs of PDNs, we develop and open-source PDNspot, the first validated architectural PDN model that enables quantitative analysis of PDN metrics. Using PDNspot, we evaluate FlexWatts on a wide variety of SPEC CPU2006, graphics (3DMark06), and battery life (e.g., video playback) workloads against IVR, the state-of-the-art PDN in modern client processors. For a 4 W thermal design power (TDP) processor, FlexWatts improves the average performance of the SPEC CPU2006 and 3DMark06 workloads by 22% and 25%, respectively. For battery life workloads, FlexWatts reduces the average power consumption of video playback by 11% across all tested TDPs (4W–50W). FlexWatts has comparable cost and area overhead to IVR. We conclude that FlexWatts provides high energy-efficiency across a modern client processor’s wide range of power consumption and wide variety of workloads, with minimal overhead.
Spectral study of V565 Mon: probable FU Ori-like or chemically peculiar star

We present a detailed spectroscopic study of pre-main sequence star V565 Mon, which is the illuminating star of the Parsamian 17 cometary nebula. Observations were performed with the 2.6 m telescope in Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory on 2018 February 15. Radial velocities and equivalent widths of the most prominent lines of V565 Mon are presented. We build the spectral energy distribution and estimate the main parameters of the star, for example the obtained bolometric luminosity of V565 Mon is L V565 ≈ 130 L ⊙. Considering all features of V565 Mon, we come to the conclusion that this young intermediate-mass star belongs to some intermediate class between T Tau and HAeBe stars. Very unusual for a young star is the presence of strong absorption Ba II lines in the spectrum. Possible explanations on this issue are discussed. Hence, we think that V565 Mon is a unique example, which can help to understand some open questions involved in the problem of nucleosynthesis in young stars.
End-to-End Speaker-Dependent Voice Activity Detection

Voice activity detection (VAD) is an essential pre-processing step for tasks such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) and speaker recognition. A basic goal is to remove silent segments within an audio, while a more general VAD system could remove all the irrelevant segments such as noise and even unwanted speech from non-target speakers. We define the task, which only detects the speech from the target speaker, as speaker-dependent voice activity detection (SDVAD). This task is quite common in real applications and usually implemented by performing speaker verification (SV) on audio segments extracted from VAD. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end neural network based approach to address this problem, which explicitly takes the speaker identity into the modeling process. Moreover, inference can be performed in an online fashion, which leads to low system latency. Experiments are carried out on a conversational telephone dataset generated from the Switchboard corpus. Results show that our proposed online approach achieves significantly better performance than the usual VAD/SV system in terms of both frame accuracy and F-score. We also used our previously proposed segment-level metric for a more comprehensive analysis.
Low-Complexity Massive MIMO Tensor Precoding

We present a novel and low-complexity massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) precoding strategy based on novel findings concerning the subspace separability of Rician fading channels. Considering a uniform rectangular array at the base station, we show that the subspaces spanned by the channel vectors can be factorized as a tensor product between two lower dimensional subspaces. Based on this result, we formulate tensor maximum ratio transmit and zero-forcing precoders. We show that the proposed tensor precoders exhibit lower computational complexity and require less instantaneous channel state information than their linear counterparts. Finally, we present computer simulations that demonstrate the applicability of the proposed tensor precoders in practical communication scenarios.
Ultrashort Pulse Detection and Response Time Analysis Using Plasma-Wave Terahertz Field-Effect Transistors

We report on the response characteristics of plasmonic terahertz field-effect transistors (TeraFETs) fed with femtosecond and picosecond pulses. Varying the pulsewidth (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{\textit {pw}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) from 10<sup>−15</sup> s to 10<sup>−10</sup> s under a constant input power condition revealed two distinctive pulse detection modes. In the short pulse mode (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{\textit {pw}} \ll {L}/{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the gated channel length and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the plasma velocity), the source-to-drain voltage response is a sharp pulse oscillatory decay preceded by a delay time on the order of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}/{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The plasma wave travels along the channel like the shallow water wave with a relatively narrow wave package. In the long pulse mode (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{\textit {pw}} > {L}/{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), the response profile has two oscillatory decay processes and the propagation of plasma wave is analogous to an oscillating rod with one side fixed. The ultimate response time at the long pulse mode is significantly higher than that under the short pulse conditions. The detection conditions under the long pulse mode are close to the step response condition, and the response time conforms well to the analytical theory for the step function response. The simulated waveform agrees well with the measured pulse response. Our results show that the measurements of the pulse response enable the material parameter extraction from the pulse response data (including the effective mass, kinematic viscosity, and momentum relaxation time).
Modeling Text with Decision Forests using Categorical-Set Splits

Decision forest algorithms model data by learning a binary tree structure recursively where every node splits the feature space into two regions, sending examples into the left or right branches. This "decision" is the result of the evaluation of a condition. For example, a node may split input data by applying a threshold to a numerical feature value. Such decisions are learned using (often greedy) algorithms that attempt to optimize a local loss function. Crucially, whether an algorithm exists to find and evaluate splits for a feature type (e.g., text) determines whether a decision forest algorithm can model that feature type at all. In this work, we set out to devise such an algorithm for textual features, thereby equipping decision forests with the ability to directly model text without the need for feature transformation. Our algorithm is efficient during training and the resulting splits are fast to evaluate with our extension of the QuickScorer inference algorithm. Experiments on benchmark text classification datasets demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of our proposal.
Asymmetric Perfect Absorption and Lasing of Nonlinear Waves by a Complex δ-Potential

Spectral singularities and coherent perfect absorption are two interrelated concepts that have originally been introduced and studied for linear waves interacting with complex potentials. In the meantime, the distinctive asymptotic behavior of perfectly absorbed waves suggests considering possible generalizations of these phenomena for nonlinear waves. Here, we address the perfect absorption of nonlinear waves by an idealized infinitely narrow dissipative potential modeled by a Dirac δ-function with an imaginary amplitude. Our main result is the existence of perfectly absorbed flows whose spatial amplitude distributions are asymmetric with respect to the position of the absorber. These asymmetric states do not have a linear counterpart. Their linear stability is verified numerically. The nonlinear waveguide also supports symmetric and constant-amplitude perfectly absorbed flows. The stability of solutions of the latter type can be confirmed analytically.
Observations of [OI]63 μm line emission in main-sequence galaxies at z ∼ 1.5

We present Herschel–PACS spectroscopy of four main-sequence star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 1.5. We detect [OI]63 μm line emission in BzK-21000 at z = 1.5213, and measure a line luminosity, $L_{\rm [O\, {\small I}]63\, \mu m} = (3.9\pm 0.7)\times 10^9$ L⊙. Our PDR modelling of the interstellar medium in BzK-21000 suggests a UV radiation field strength, G ∼ 320G0, and gas density, n ∼ 1800 cm−3, consistent with previous LVG modelling of the molecular CO line excitation. The other three targets in our sample are individually undetected in these data, and we perform a spectral stacking analysis which yields a detection of their average emission and an [O i]63 μm line luminosity, $L_{\rm [O\, {\small I}]63\, \mu m} = (1.1\pm 0.2)\times 10^9$ L⊙. We find that the implied luminosity ratio, $L_{\rm [O\, {\small I}]63\, \mu m}/L_{\rm IR}$, of the undetected BzK-selected star-forming galaxies broadly agrees with that of low-redshift star-forming galaxies, while BzK-21000 has a similar ratio to that of a dusty star-forming galaxy at z ∼ 6. The high [O i]63 μm line luminosities observed in BzK-21000 and the z ∼ 1−3 dusty and sub-mm luminous star-forming galaxies may be associated with extended reservoirs of low density, cool neutral gas.
The Grid Bootstrap for Continuous Time Models

This paper considers the grid bootstrap for constructing confidence intervals for the persistence parameter in a class of continuous-time models driven by a Lévy process. Its asymptotic validity is discussed under the assumption that the sampling interval (h) shrinks to zero, the time span (N) goes to infinity or both. Its improvement over the in-fill asymptotic theory is achieved by expanding the coeffi cient-based statistic around its in-fill asymptotic distribution which is non-pivotal and depends on the initial condition. Monte Carlo studies show that the grid bootstrap method performs better than the in-fill asymptotic theory and much better than the long-span asymptotic theory. Empirical applications to U.S. interest rate data and volatility data suggest significant differences between the bootstrap confidence intervals and the confidence intervals obtained from the in-fill and long-span asymptotic distributions. JEL classification: C11, C12
The Use of Management Accounting Techniques at Hotels in Bahrain

Prior studies relating to the use of management accounting techniques could be classified into three groups. The first group contains descriptive studies that report on the management accounting techniques used in real life. The second group is the comparative studies that held comparisons of the use of management accounting techniques between companies. The final group is the studies that aimed to explain or interpret the observed studies using contingency theory. Most of the previous studies focused on manufacturing sector and little attention was given to service industry. Furthermore, previous studies used IFAC's evolution of management accounting that classified the use of management accounts into four historical stages: (1) cost determination and financial control, (2) management planning and control, (3) reduction of waste of resources in business process, and (4) creation of value through effective resources use. This classification has been used by previous research; however, it is historical in nature and the use of management accounting can cover many techniques that pertain to different stages. This paper aims to examine the relationship between contextual variables and the use of management accounting techniques in hotels. Drawing off the management accounting literature hypotheses were driven. Size of the hotel, Intensity of competition, and the quality level of the hotel are assumed to have a positive effect on the use of management accounting techniques. A unique feature of this research is the use of an overall score of the use of management accounting techniques. Data was collected from 37 hotels in kingdom of Bahrain. Results indicate that the use of management accounting techniques at hotels are positively associated with the intensity of competition. No significant association was found between the use of management accounting techniques, the quality level of the hotel and size of the hotel.
A Comparative Study of Restoration Techniques for Images Defined by Chaotically Scattered Point Set

—Fast interpolation algorithms suggest that the value at a particular element of the image is calculated based on some neighborhood, the choice of which can significantly affect the interpolation result. In this paper, we investigate how the choice of reference image elements affects the quality of interpolation methods. Three classical interpolation methods (Linear, Nearest Neighbor, and Cubic) as well as two well-known spatial interpolation methods (Inverse Distance Weighting and Akima) are considered. Results of the experimental research, such as the dependencies of RMSE on the noise proportion in test images, are presented, as well as computational complexity assessment.
The effects of nasogastric feeding at different intervals on feeding intolerance in ICU patients: a single-blind randomized controlled trial

1 mother and Child Care research Center, school of nursing and midwifery, hamadan University of medical sciences, hamadan, iran 2 Clinical Care research Center, Kurdistan University of medical sciences, sanandaj, iran 3 Chronic diseases (home Care) research Center, hamadan University of medical sciences, hamadan, iran 4 department of anesthesiology, school of medicine, hamadan University of medical sciences, hamadan, iran 5 Department of Biostatistics and epidemiology, School of health, hamadan University of medical Sciences, hamadan, iran 6 department of medical-surgical nursing, school of nursing and midwifery, hamadan University of medical sciences, hamadan, iran
Premature nodule senescence as the Consequence of Medicago truncatula MtNADPHoxF Open Reading Frame-mediated Silencing

The nitrogen-fixing endosymbiosis between legume plants and Rhizobium is controlled by a plant genetic program that governs two processes in parallel, including nodule primordia formation and a bacterial infection and development process. In this study, we focus on the second process of bacterial development activities during symbiosis with the participation of NADPH oxidases using RNAi approach. We show that at least one of experimented NADPH oxidases, for instance MtNADPHoxF which regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in plant cells, attends in symbiosome development process, since their open reading frame (ORF)-mediated RNAi (orf_F) nodules in Medicago truncatula A17 gives rise to many dead cells inside nodule with a very unstable symbiosis and improper bacteroid development.
Multidepot Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem for a Variety of Hazardous Materials with Risk Analysis

This study investigates a multidepot heterogeneous vehicle routing problem for a variety of hazardous materials with risk analysis, which is a practical problem in the actual industrial field. The objective of the problem is to design a series of routes that minimize the total cost composed of transportation cost, risk cost, and overtime work cost. Comprehensive consideration of factors such as transportation costs, multiple depots, heterogeneous vehicles, risks, and multiple accident scenarios is involved in our study. The problem is defined as a mixed integer programming model. A bidirectional tuning heuristic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm are developed to solve the problem of different scales of instances. Computational results are competitive such that our algorithm can obtain effective results in small-scale instances and show great efficiency in large-scale instances with 70 customers, 30 vehicles, and 3 types of hazardous materials.
Virtual bronchoscopic navigation without fluoroscopy guidance for peripheral pulmonary lesions in inexperienced pulmonologist

Objective Fluoroscopy guidance is generally required for endobronchial ultrasonography with guide sheath (EBUS-GS) in peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). Virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) can guide the bronchoscope by creating virtual images of the bronchial route to the lesion. The diagnostic yield and safety profiles of VBN without fluoroscopy for PPLs have not been evaluated in inexperienced pulmonologist performing EBUS-GS. Methods Between January 2016 and June 2017, consecutive patients with PPLs referred for EBUS-GS at a single cancer center were enrolled. The diagnostic yield as well as safety profiles was retrospectively analyzed, and our preliminary experience was shared. Results A total of 109 patients with 109 lesions were included, 99 (90.8%) lesions were visible on EBUS imaging. According to the procedure time needed to locate the lesion on EBUS, 24.8% (27/109) were deemed technically difficult procedures; however, no significant relationships were identified between candidate parameters and technically difficult procedures. The overall diagnosis yield was 74.3% (81/109), and the diagnostic yield of malignancy was 83.7% (77/92). Lesions larger than 20 mm [odds ratio (OR), 2.758; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.077−7.062; P=0.034] and probe of within type (OR, 3.174; 95% CI, 1.151−8.757, P=0.026) were independent factors leading to a better diagnostic yield in multivariate analysis. About 30 practice procedures were needed to achieve a stable diagnostic yield, and the proportion of technically difficult procedures decreased and stabilized after 70 practice procedures. Regarding complications, one patient (0.9%) had intraoperative hemorrhage (100 mL) which was managed under endoscopy. Conclusions VBN without fluoroscopy guidance is still useful and safe for PPLs diagnosis, especially for malignant diseases when performed by pulmonologist without previous experience of EBUS-GS. VBN may simplify the process of lesion positioning and further multi-center randomized studies are warranted.
The Fine Structure of the Pyrenoid of Anthoceros punctatus

The chlorolplast of the cells oaf the gametophyte of the anthocerotes, with its pyrenoid-like central region, has long been known. McAllister (1914, 1927) gave detailed descriptions of the chloroplasts and pyrenoids and observed the formation of starch in Anthoceros pzxncxtus L. and Notothyls orbicglaris (Schwein) Sulliv. As early as 1885, Schimper associated starch formation with the pyrenoid bodies. The pyrenoid is present in the gameto,phyte of Anthoreros laevix L. (Phaeoceros laevix, Proskauer, 1951) in the region of the growing point or in relatively large chloroplasts of the surface cells of active mature thalli (McAllister, 1914) . The author has obtained data oln the pyrenoid bodies and starch formation in the plastids of Anthocetos pgnctatus L. using the electron microscope. Comparisons to the pyrenoids of algae studied to date are also made.
Understanding the Spatio-temporal Topic Dynamics of Covid-19 using Nonnegative Tensor Factorization: A Case Study

Social media platforms facilitate mankind a data-driven world by enabling billions of people to share their thoughts and activities ubiquitously. This huge collection of data, if analysed properly, can provide useful insights into people’s behavior. More than ever, now is a crucial time under the Covid-19 pandemic to understand people’s online behaviors detailing what topics are being discussed, and where (space) and when (time) they are discussed. Given the high complexity and poor quality of the huge social media data, an effective spatio-temporal topic detection method is needed. This paper proposes a tensor-based representation of social media data and Non-negative Tensor Factorization (NTF) to identify the topics discussed in social media data along with the spatio-temporal topic dynamics. A case study on Covid-19 related tweets from the Australia Twittersphere is presented to identify and visualize spatio-temporal topic dynamics on Covid-19.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the SHI-Related Sequence Gene Family in Rice

Rice (Oryza sativa) yield is correlated to various factors. Transcription regulators are important factors, such as the typical SHORT INTERNODES-related sequences (SRSs), which encode proteins with single zinc finger motifs. Nevertheless, knowledge regarding the evolutionary and functional characteristics of the SRS gene family members in rice is insufficient. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide screening and characterization of the OsSRS gene family in Oryza sativa japonica rice. We also examined the SRS proteins from 11 rice sub-species, consisting of 3 cultivars, 6 wild varieties, and 2 other genome types. SRS members from maize, sorghum, Brachypodium distachyon, and Arabidopsis were also investigated. All these SRS proteins exhibited species-specific characteristics, as well as monocot- and dicot-specific characteristics, as assessed by phylogenetic analysis, which was further validated by gene structure and motif analyses. Genome comparisons revealed that segmental duplications may have played significant roles in the recombination of the OsSRS gene family and their expression levels. The family was mainly subjected to purifying selective pressure. In addition, the expression data demonstrated the distinct responses of OsSRS genes to various abiotic stresses and hormonal treatments, indicating their functional divergence. Our study provides a good reference for elucidating the functions of SRS genes in rice.