Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Power Battery Ratio in Battery Exchanging Mode for Electric Vehicles Based on Monte Carlo Simulation

This work presents a simulation model for electric vehicles (EVs) power battery ratio configuration in battery exchanging mode and the calculation results of the minimal battery ratios under different battery state of charge (SOC) lower limits. Applying the normal copula function, the composite probability distribution function of daily mileage, daily charging time length and travelling time length in the battery charging mode is obtained. Based on this, the daily mileage probability distribution in battery exchanging mode is derived. A Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) model with SOC constraints is established to calculate the minimal battery ratio. The EVs battery packs exchange when SOC reaches the lower limit. The travelling data of one certain demonstration running EVs are adopted as an example to test the calculation mode, and the rationality of the mode is verified.
Stepwise Optimization Modeling of Asphalt Concrete Mix Design

This paper presents computerized methods for asphalt concrete job mix formula design using stepwise linear fit. The method cares for equation smoothing and also the location of the equation in the specifications area so that it is neither near the upper limits nor near the lower limits. The program find all possible equations and print the best six (e.g. 1 to e.g.6) ascended according to the sum of errors squares. Decision can be given to the computer to choose one of the six equations for economical purposes. If all the six equations are near the specification limits, the stepwise linear fit method is called for optimization and help in final suggestion of the mix design. After several months with every day execution of the program for the method; it proved that it is efficient and quick enough to be used in such mix design.
A feedback model for the evaluation of the adaptive changes to temporal muscle activation patterns following postural disturbance

Although feedback models have been used to simulate body motions in human postural control, it is not known whether muscle activation patterns during postural responses can also be explained by a feedback control process. We investigated whether a simple feedback law could explain temporal patterns of muscle activation in response to support-surface translations in human subjects. Previously, we used a single-link inverted-pendulum model with a delayed feedback controller to reproduce temporal patterns of muscle activity during postural responses in cats (Lockhart and Ting 2007). We scaled this model to human dimensions and determined whether it could reproduce human muscle activity during forward and backward support-surface perturbations. Through optimization, we found three feedback gains (on pendulum acceleration, velocity, and displacement) and a common time delay that allowed the model to best match measured electromyographic (EMG) signals. For each muscle and each subject, the entire time courses of EMG signals during postural responses were well-reconstructed
Baseline Data of the Fungal Phytobiome of Three Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Cultivars in South Africa using Targeted Environmental Sequencing

Plant-associated fungi, or the mycobiome, inhabit plant surfaces above ground, reside in plant tissues as endophytes, or are rhizosphere in the narrow zone of soil surrounding plant roots. Studies have characterized mycobiomes of various plant species, but little is known about the sorghum mycobiome, especially in Africa, despite sorghum being one of the most important indigenous and commercial cereals in Africa. In this study, the mycobiome associated with above- and below-ground tissues of three commercial sorghum cultivars, as well as from rhizosphere and surrounding bulk soil samples, were sequenced using targeted sequencing with the Illumina MiSeq platform. Relative abundance differences between fungal communities were found between above-ground and below-ground niches, with most differences mostly in the dominant MOTUs, such as Davidiellaceae sp. (Cladosporium), Didymellaceae sp. 1 (Phoma), Fusarium, Cryptococcus and Mucor. Above-ground communities also appeared to be more diverse than below-ground communities, and plants harboured the most diversity. A considerable number of MOTUs were shared between the cultivars although, especially for NS5511, their abundances often differed. Several of the detected fungal groups include species that are plant pathogens of sorghum, such as Fusarium, and, at low levels, Alternaria and the Ustilaginomycetes. Findings from this study illustrate the usefulness of targeted sequencing of the ITS rDNA gene region (ITS2) to survey and monitor sorghum fungal communities and those from associated soils. This knowledge may provide tools for disease management and crop production and improvement.
New Findings concerning the Structure of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer over the Baltic Sea – Possible Implications for Wind Energy Installations

Seven years worth of meteorological tower data from the site Östergarnsholm in the Baltic Sea have provided new information on the structure of the marine atmospheric boundary layer, of high relevance for off-shore wind energy siting. The present paper is a review based on a series of original papers, which have appeared recently or are about to appear in the meteorological literature. Waves on the water surface modify the flow considerably as soon as they become of sufficient length. Thus, during neutral conditions, a logarithmic wind profile is observed only when the waves are growing actively. During unstable stratification, which occurs at this site during more than half the time, several factors act together to reduce the magnitude of the wind shear to a considerable extent. Velocity spectra during neutral conditions and growing sea agree with corresponding spectra over land, which have recently been shown to have appreciably more low-frequency energy than previously assumed. The marine spectra are shown to be strongly dependent on wave-state. The effect of limited water depth on the structure of the marine surface layer is discussed.
Tunable medium power multiwavelength fiber laser

The authors report a medium power spacing tunable multiwavelength fiber laser operating at room temperature. A double‐clad erbium‐ytterbium co‐doped fiber was used to produce high output power. An unpumped polarization‐maintaining fiber and a Lyot‐Sagnac loop filter with multiple segments of polarization‐maintaining fibers were used as a saturable absorber to stabilize the laser wavelengths and tunable filter to tune the separation between lasing wavelengths, respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2517–2519, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24648
Design analysis of permanent magnet DC motors with differing armature, magnet and yoke lengths

A modified magnetic circuit method and a 2-D finite element procedure are presented for the analysis of DC permanent magnet motors with a differing armature, magnet and yoke lengths including nonlinear material behaviour of steel and permanent magnet. A 12 volt, 120 watts motor is analyzed through these methods and compared with experimental results of a prototype sample. In the case of finite element analysis, commutation effects and short chording of armature winding are treated appropriately, and cogging torque and voltage ripple are predicted.
Effects of herbicide release on the growth of 8- to 12-year-old hardwood trees

In 8- to 12-year-old Appalachian hardwood stands, crop trees were released by stem injecting competing trees with a 20 percent aqueous solution of glyphosate. Species released were black cherry, red oak, and sugar maple. Release treatments were (a) injection of all trees within a 5-foot radius of the crop tree bole and (b) injections of all trees whose crown touched the crop tree. Five-year diameter growth of all species was significantly increased by both release treatments, but height growth was not affected by either treatment. Survival of released crop trees was higher and crownclass retrogression of released trees was less than unreleased trees. Glyphosate was effective in controlling most hardwood species during the 5 years of observation.
A position‐invariant calibration‐independent method for permittivity measurements

A simple yet powerful calibration‐independent method is proposed for complex permittivity extraction of dielectric materials. There are two main features of the method as follows: (a) it decreases any uncertainty arising from using a second (extra) sample and (b) it does not require precise location of the sample within its cell (a waveguide or coaxial‐line section). The disadvantage of the method is that it may produce some singularity points while extracting the complex permittivity from measurements. We validated the method by calibrated and uncalibrated complex scattering parameter measurements of a polyvinyl‐chloride (PVC) sample at X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1406–1408, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24364
FFIVE: An FPGA Framework for Interactive VNF Environments

In the world of telecommunications, there is greater focus on using Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) managed by Software Defined Networking (SDN). VNFs are tradition-ally implemented as software functions, but as technology evolves and application demands dramatically increase, the high performance and low latency of FPGAs make them more suited for use in VNF implementations.
Mechanistic Studies of Antibiotic Adjuvants Reducing Kidney’s Bacterial Loads upon Systemic Monotherapy

We describe the design and attributes of a linear pentapeptide-like derivative (C14(ω5)OOc10O) screened for its ability to elicit bactericidal competences of plasma constituents against Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). In simpler culture media, the lipopeptide revealed high aptitudes to sensitize resilient GNB to hydrophobic and/or efflux-substrate antibiotics, whereas in their absence, C14(ω5)OOc10O only briefly delayed bacterial proliferation. Instead, at low micromolar concentrations, the lipopeptide has rapidly lowered bacterial proton and ATP levels, although significantly less than upon treatment with its bactericidal analog. Mechanistic studies support a two-step scenario providing a plausible explanation for the lipopeptide’s biological outcomes against GNB: initially, C14(ω5)OOc10O permeabilizes the outer membrane similarly to polymyxin B, albeit in a manner not necessitating as much LPS-binding affinity. Subsequently, C14(ω5)OOc10O would interact with the inner membrane gently yet intensively enough to restrain membrane-protein functions such as drug efflux and/or ATP generation, while averting the harsher inner membrane perturbations that mediate the fatal outcome associated with bactericidal peers. Preliminary in vivo studies where skin wound infections were introduced in mice, revealed a significant efficacy in affecting bacterial viability upon topical treatment with creams containing C14(ω5)OOc10O, whereas synergistic combination therapies were able to secure the pathogen’s eradication. Further, capitalizing on the finding that C14(ω5)OOc10O plasma-potentiating concentrations were attainable in mice blood at sub-maximal tolerated doses, we used a urinary tract infection model to acquire evidence for the lipopeptide’s systemic capacity to reduce the kidney’s bacterial loads. Collectively, the data establish the role of C14(ω5)OOc10O as a compelling antibacterial potentiator and suggest its drug-like potential.
A comprehensive survey on secure software‐defined network for the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of smart devices, sensors, and machines that continuously monitored the surrounding environment and execute meaningful decisions on the data or information it receives. The Internet‐enabled devices could facilitate computer‐mediated strategies for various tasks, for example, smart health care, managing the cities or smart factories, smart manufacturing, automating the home and business, etc. IoT commonly uses Internet technology for establishing communication among devices, thus inherits all the security threats that are currently affecting Internet users along with other security threats that are specific to IoTs due to resources constrained nature of the smart devices and sensors. The greater footprint, the distributed nature of the network and the existence of a huge number of IoT devices has also attracted criminals, fraudsters, and attackers to utilize this medium for spreading malicious content or making devices unavailable for legitimate use. It is imperative to ensure that the Confidentiality, Integrity, Security, and Privacy of information and users should remain intact while using these devices and thus they require an effective security system. Software‐defined Networks (SDN) and Network Function are the way to control and configure devices from a centralized location and have been proven to offer scalability and versatility to their deployed ecosystems. In this paper, we systematically review the adoption of SDN and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) for securing the IoT network from emerging threats. To this extent, we provide a comprehensive survey on security solutions based on SDN, Blockchain, NFV, and SDN/NFV proposed for the security of the IoT network. We have also identified open challenges in this domain which includes lack of standardization, low cost, and effective machine learning systems for identifying malicious traffic and handling great attack surface and different attack vectors. The deployed technologies exhibit positive strides in their usage for the provision of security in IoT environments offering security enhancements, scalability, and versatility.
In-flight calibration and verification of the Planck-LFI instrument

In this paper we discuss the Planck-LFI in-flight calibration campaign. After a brief overview of the ground test campaigns, we describe in detail the calibration and performance verification (CPV) phase, carried out in space during and just after the cool-down of LFI. We discuss in detail the functionality verification, the tuning of the front-end and warm electronics, the preliminary performance assessment and the thermal susceptibility tests. The logic, sequence, goals and results of the in-flight tests are discussed. All the calibration activities were successfully carried out and the instrument response was comparable to the one observed on ground. For some channels the in-flight tuning activity allowed us to improve significantly the noise performance.
Emotions, Digital Tools and Public Histories: Digital Storytelling using Windows Movie Maker in the History Tertiary Classroom

In the teaching of ‘Digital Histories’ for university students, we focus on a range of digital practices for making history. The teaching themes and content and the assessment tasks build towards knowledge of digital formats for history education based in experiential learning. The assignments include a digital storytelling workshop which results in the submission of a 3-minute digital story created using Windows Movie Maker. Students respond to this in different ways. This article examines the value of digital storytelling to history teaching and learning in the tertiary history environment. We show that tertiary history students might find new modes of conducting and presenting historical knowledge by using new technologies, as well as adapting ‘traditional’ modes of historical research and writing for the new format. In particular, we evaluate the potential of digital storytelling in the classroom from three angles: first, as a way of building group rapport through emotional exchange and sharing ideas; second, as a way of learning a new digital tool for classroom learning; and third, as a site for making public histories. This process and our research suggests new ways of ‘doing history’ to other academics teaching history in order to enrich and encourage the discipline among an increasingly changing student cohort and in an interdisciplinary context.
Diagnosis from within the system [built-in test]

There has been an increasing need for technologies to better monitor the condition of their complex products and systems from the design stage, through manufacturing, to their applications. Better condition monitoring enables better quality control, which is essential for economical, environmental, availability, and safety reasons. One way to achieve such a goal is using built-in-test (BIT), which incorporates test and diagnostic functionality into a component's structure at the design stage. A system with BIT is characterized by the ability to identify operational conditions by itself, through the built-in diagnostic capabilities. Such a design philosophy has been widely applied to the design and testing of complex, mixed-signal electronic systems, such as ICs and multifunction instrumentation. Various techniques have been developed over the past three decades to implement BIT in industry, especially in semiconductors, manufacturing processes, aerospace, and transportation (Bardell and Mcanney, 1988; Baker et al., 1990; Cox et al., 1999). This article looks at BIT implementation in the IC industry, manufacturing, and the automobile industry, along with the future prospects of this technique.
Evaluation of Hand Forces During Manual Vine Branches Cutting

As we know, winter pruning is one of the critical points in the management of the vineyard. In small farms, often located in slope areas, winter pruning is mainly performed manually. From studies carried out on vineyards from Sicily and Lombardy region, pruning operated with conventional scissors remain the most widely used method. The use of pre-pruning machine is a very good solution to facilitate the subsequent manual intervention. In every case, winter pruning require manual operations carried out by secateurs or, less commonly, by long handle shears. Recent works, conducted to assess through OCRA Index the muscle – skeletal risk due to manual pruning of the vineyard, showed a variability in the forces applied on the scissors. The purpose of this work is to verify the forces exerted on the scissors by different regions of the hand during the pruning of the vineyard. So we used a conventional scissors equipped with sensors able to detect the force exerted and the duration of the effort. The tests were conducted in the laboratory and the results were processed with the aim to show if the hand forces during manual cutting are function of diameters and cultivated varieties.
Analysis of frequency selective surfaces with arbitrarily shaped apertures by finite element method and generalized scattering matrix

Frequency selective surfaces (FSS), consisting of two-dimensional arrays of metallic patches or apertures in a metal screen, are usually analyzed by method of moments or CG-FFT techniques. In this work, we present a hybrid technique to compute the generalized scattering matrix (GSM) of a metal sheet perforated periodically with arbitrarily shaped apertures. The GSM can be used as a building block to analyze multilayer FSS with different geometries, by cascade connection. The GSM of each periodic surface can be computed by the most efficient technique, and then, they are combined in the cascade process. The technique is based on FEM and cascade of GSM, but FEM is only used to compute the modes at the irregular shape aperture, considered as a short length of waveguide. This approach takes into account the real thickness of the metal sheet. The numerical modes are computed only once, and then they are used in a modified mode matching technique, in order to reduce the intensive computation of FEM. For canonical apertures (rectangular, circular or coaxial) in a metal screen the GSM is obtained directly by mode matching (MM).
Numerical Studies of Cutting Water Saturated Sand by Discrete Element Method

The discrete element method (DEM) has been recognized as an effective tool to simulate soil–tool interactions. In this study, a saturated sand cutting model is developed using a commercial DEM software, Particle Flow Code in Two Dimension (PFC 2D). In the model, soil are defined as particles with the basic PFC 2D model, full coupling with a deformable fluid. The mechanical interactions between particles and also between particles and the walls are modeled by sprints, dash-pots and friction sliders. The properties of the material and interactions (Poisson’s ratio, shear modulus and density, coefficients of restitution, rolling and static friction) relate to the particle properties and not to the bulk properties. Such quantitative and qualitative models are essential for improving the design, selection and use of water saturated sand cutting implements, in different field sand under different conditions. This paper describes a numerical experimental investigation of the failure characteristics of two-dimensional water saturated sand cutting. Comprehensive simulated tests were carried out on sandy loam using a box apparatus and two model plane blades of rake angles 30º, 60º and two angles of friction 32º,42º, respectively. Besides, there are two extreme densities of the sand, compacted and loose. These factors should provide a basis for the reliable prediction of the failure type.
Analisis masalah kualitas produk pada perusahaan developer real estate menggunakan metode six sigma

vi KATA PENGANTAR vii DAFTAR ISI ix DAFTAR TABEL xii DAFTAR GAMBAR xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1 1.1. Latar Belakang 1 1.2. Permasalahan 3 1.3. Pembatasan Masalah 4 1.4. Tujuan Penelitian 4 1.5. Manfaat Penelitian 5 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI 5 2.1. Definisi Six Sigma 6
Some Effects of Efficiency on Wind Turbine Interference and Maximum Power Production

The effects of finite efficiency on wake interference and power output are studied for identical horizontal-axis wind turbines in line with the wind. Interference occurs whenever turbines reduce the power available to any turbines downwind of them. The analysis uses wake models that are commonly employed in wind farm layout design. The aerodynamic efficiency is varied from 75% to 100% for six identical hypothetical turbines in line parallel to the wind direction with spacing from four to six rotor diameters. Selfish optimization of the power output of individual turbines and co-operative optimization of the total power are considered. For selfish control, all turbines operate at the maximum possible local C P , based on the aerodynamic efficiency. For co-operative optimization, each turbine operates at a C P value between zero and the selfish value, and the total power is optimized numerically. The results show that at low efficiency, there is little difference in total power output between the two strategies. As efficiency increases, co-operative optimization produces increasingly more power. As turbine spacing increases, the difference between the strategies decreases. There is, however, a realistic range of efficiencies and spacing over which more power is delivered by co-operative optimization. The simplest form of co-operative optimization requires reducing the power output of the most upwind turbine to allow increased performance from those downwind. This should be an easy strategy to implement in wind farm control.