Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic utility of conventional and liquid-based cytology in the management of thyroid lesions; an institutional experience

Objectives: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is becoming a useful method in evaluating both gynecological and nongynecological preparations. Many studies have been conducted these days to see the quality of LBC in diagnosing thyroid lesions and its role is yet to be standardized. This study has been done to pick the cytomorphological features of thyroid lesions on LBC and to compare them with the conventional cytology of these lesions.The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology processed by LBC as compared to conventional smears. Material and Methods: A prospective study has been done on 53 cases of thyroid lesions using standard conventional and LBC techniques. Results: In most of the cases, the cytological features are similar in conventional cytology smears and LBC, but the colloid film and the lymphocytic component show a clear picture on direct smears, whereas nuclear and cytoplasmic details are better evaluated in LBC slides. The preservative solution used in LBC could be efficiently used for the application of immunocytochemical and molecular techniques. Conclusion: LBC does not represent as a valid alternative to conventional cytology but it can be considered as a diagnostic utility process especially due to the possibility of applying additional techniques which enhance the efficacy of the cytological diagnosis of thyroid lesions.
Makna Merdeka Belajar dan Penguatan Peran Guru di Sekolah Dasar

Esensi merdeka belajar adalah kebebasan guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Kebebasan ini tidak dialami guru dan siswa selama ini karena guru lebih mengerjakan adminstrasi pendidikan dan pembelajaran. Guru juga kurang memahami konsep dan perannya dalam kebijakan merdeka belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan tentang konsep dan makna merdeka belajar, peran guru dalam merdeka belajar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kepustakaan. Analisis konten digunakan untuk menganalisis data penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) merdeka belajar meliputi 4 kebijakan yaitu ujian sekolah berstandar nasional dilaksanakan oleh pihak sekolah, asesmen kecakapan minimum dan survei karakter, penyederhanaan RPP, sistem zonasi penerimaan siswa baru; (2) makna merdeka belajar meliputi merdeka berpikir, merdeka berinovasi, belajar mandiri dan kreatif, merdeka untuk kebahagiaan; (3) peran guru sangat bervariasi meliputi fasilitator pembelajaran merdeka belajar, guru inovatif dan kreatif, guru berkarakteristik sebagai guru, dan guru penggerak. Berdasarkan penjelasan tersebut, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemahaman makna merdeka belajar dan peran guru dalam merdeka belajar membantu guru dan siswa lebih merdeka dalam berpikir, lebih inovatif dan kreatif, serta bahagia dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.
A unified materials approach to mitigating optical nonlinearities in optical fiber. III. Canonical examples and materials road map

Funding information US Department of Defense Joint Technology Office, Grant/Award Number: N00014-17-1-2546; J. E. Sirrine Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Grant/Award Number: DEAC52-07NA27344 Abstract This paper, Part III in the Trilogy (Ballato, Cavillon, Dragic, 2018; Dragic, Cavillon, Ballato, et al., 2018a,b), provides a road map for the development of simple core/clad optical fibers whose enhanced performance—in particular, marked reductions in optical nonlinearities—is achieved materially and not through the more conventional present routes of geometrically complex fiber design. More specifically, the material properties that give rise to Brillouin, Raman and Rayleigh scattering, transverse mode instabilities (TMI), and n2-mediated nonlinear effects are compiled and results on a wide range of optical fibers are discussed with a focus on trends in performance with glass composition. Furthermore, optical power scaling estimations as well as binary and ternary property diagrams associated with Rayleigh scattering, the Brillouin gain coefficient (BGC) and the thermo-optic coefficient (dn/dT) are developed and employed to graphically represent general trends with composition along with compositional targets for a single intrinsically low nonlinearity, silica-based optical fiber that can achieve the power scaling goals of future high energy fiber laser applications. A foundational finding of this work is that the high-silica content optical fibers fabricated using conventional chemical vapor deposition methods will not suffice to meet the power scaling demands of future high-power and high-energy fiber lasers.
Design of a Novel Voltage Controller for Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Clean Fuels Using the Integration of a Vanadium Redox Battery with Solar Energy

This letter presents a design for a novel voltage controller (NVC) which can exhibit three different reactions using the integration of a vanadium redox battery (VRB) with solar energy, and uses only electrochemical potentials with optimal external bias voltage control to carry out hydrogen production and the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into methane and methanol. This NVC is simply constructed by using dynamic switch and control strategies with a time-variant control system. In this design, the interval voltage bias solutions obtained by the proposed NVC exhibit better voltage ranges and good agreement with the practical scenarios, which will bring significant benefits to operation for continuous reduction of CO2 into value-added clean fuels using the integration of a VRB with solar energy or any other renewable energy resource for future applications.
Linear Diophantine fuzzy graphs with new decision-making approach

The concept of linear Diophantine fuzzy set (LDFS) is a new mathematical tool for optimization, soft computing, and decision analysis. The aim of this article is to extend the notion of graph theory towards LDFSs. We initiate the idea of linear Diophantine fuzzy graph (LDF-graph) as a generalization of certain theoretical concepts including, q-rung orthopair fuzzy graph, Pythagorean fuzzy graph, and intuitionistic fuzzy graph. We extend certain properties of crisp graph theory towards LDF-graph including, composition, join, and union of LDF-graphs. We elucidate these operations with various illustrations. We analyze some interesting results that the composition of two LDF-graphs is a LDF-graph, cartesian product of two LDF-graphs is a LDF-graph, and the join of two LDF-graphs is a LDF-graph. We describe the idea of homomorphisms for LDF-graphs. We observe the equivalence relation via an isomorphism between LDF-graphs. Some significant results related to complement of LDF-graph are also investigated. Lastly, an algorithm based on LDFSs and LDF-relations is proposed for decision-making problems. A numerical example of medical diagnosis application is presented based on proposed approach.
The Human Element in Marine Engine Department Operation: Human Factors & Ergonomics Knowledge Mobilization in Ship Design & Construction

Physical environments influence how individuals perceive, behave and perform within an operational space and system. Marine engine department operations have dramatically developed from the initial introduction of ship mechanization in the nineteenth century, to ever increasing levels of computerized and automated functions today. This development has contributed to a consistent and continuing reduction of crew numbers, as well as altering engine department work demands and organization. Previous research has revealed an array of occupational hazards and work-related challenges associated with engine department operations, including a growing disconnect between the physical design of the engine department and evolving end-user tasks. These challenges have shown to negatively impact engine crew productivity, safety, health and wellbeing, and moreover, has implications for overall engine department and ship operations. This licentiate thesis investigates three areas which connect physical design and engine department operation from a human-centric perspective: (i) critical analysis of minimum rules and regulations regarding ship design, construction and crew competencies, (ii) exploration of end-user perspectives on functions related to physical design, and (iii) operationalizing the end-user within traditional naval architecture and engineering ship design methods. Results indicate incongruence between the requirements for minimum design, safety and construction standards, and seafarer training and competency requirements. These discrepancies are further extended to their influences upon the conceptual planning and design processes of a new-build ship project. Difficulties in communication and lack of a common understanding between system end-users and design stakeholders hinder effective application of human element knowledge throughout a project’s development. Creating an inter-disciplinary, participatory approach to ship development by integrating human-centered design methods and solutions throughout conceptual ship design can ultimately contribute to safer, more efficient shipping practices once in operation.
Effect of dietary protein level and corn processing on behavior activity of high producing dairy cows

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of corn processing and protein level on the feeding, lying, and post milking standing (PMS) behavior in high producing cows. Eight Holstein cows were randomly assigned to diets containing either finely ground (FGC) or steam flaked (SFC) corn based on either low (LP) or high (HP) protein content. Cows receiving LP had lower milk yield than cows receiving HP with similar DMI. Moreover, FGC-fed cows had higher DMI than SFC-fed cows with similar milk yields. Eating and rumination time tended to be lower and chewing time was lower in HP-fed cows than LP-fed cows. Cows fed SFC tended to have higher laying rumination interval and lower lying rumination bouts than cows fed FGC. Total and average PMS were lower in cows fed HP than LP. Cows fed LP had higher chewing activity in the daytime than cows fed HP. Our results suggested that the protein level and corn processing affect the standing and lying behavior of high producing dairy cows, although, this effect is marginal. Results also indicated that probably any change in the diet that increases the rumination and eating times could also improve the PMSThe objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of corn processing and protein level on the feeding, lying, and post milking standing (PMS) behavior in high producing cows. Eight Holstein cows were randomly assigned to diets containing either finely ground (FGC) or steam flaked (SFC) corn based on either low (LP) or high (HP) protein content. Cows receiving LP had lower milk yield than cows receiving HP with similar DMI. Moreover, FGC-fed cows had higher DMI than SFC-fed cows with similar milk yields. Eating and rumination time tended to be lower and chewing time was lower in HP-fed cows than LP-fed cows. Cows fed SFC tended to have higher laying rumination interval and lower lying rumination bouts than cows fed FGC. Total and average PMS were lower in cows fed HP than LP. Cows fed LP had higher chewing activity in the daytime than cows fed HP. Our results suggested that the protein level and corn processing affect the standing and lying behavior of high producing dairy cows, although, this effect is marginal. Results also indicated that probably any change in the diet that increases the rumination and eating times could also improve the PMS
First-principle study of highly controllable boron-doped graphene (BC20) as a high-capacity anode for potassium-ion batteries

Designing new anode materials with high performance is vital for the development of full-cell potassium-ion batteries (KIBs). Although boron-doped graphene (BDG) anodes have been widely studied for lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, there are few works considering BDG anodes with controllable doping concentration applied for KIBS. Herein, by first-principle calculations, we propose a novel BDG with controllable doping concentration as a promising anode material for KIBs. As a result, the chemisorption ability of the proposed BDG (BC20) for K is greatly enhanced in comparison with the pristine graphene, since the B dopants introduce electron-deficiency. Besides, the diffusion energy barrier of K on the surface of BC20 is as low as 0.19 eV, indicating high-rate performance. Noticeably, the maximum K storage capacity is 854 mAh g−1 with a low open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.29 V. Moreover, the chemical window of OCV is in a low range without large variation, which is favorable for providing a large operating voltage. The results suggest that the presented BC20 is not only a promising anode candidate for KIBs; but also opens an avenue for designing novel BDG structures with controllable doping concentration applied to energy storage.
Analysis of local characteristics and microstructure of dissimilar metal interface in scrubbing refill friction stir spot welding joint

Abstract Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the solid-state welding methods and dissimilar material joining by FSSW has been investigated. ‘Scrubbing refill FSSW (Sc-RFSSW)’ has developed as a new dissimilar material joining method, and it was shown that Sc-RFSSW provides higher joint strength than conventional FSSW methods in joining the aluminum alloy and non-coated steel. In this study, the microscale testing was performed to evaluate the dissimilar material interfacial strength of Sc-RFSSW joints. The relationship between the interfacial strength distribution and the macroscopic strength of the Sc-RFSSW joint was analyzed. In addition, the microstructure of the dissimilar material interface was observed, and the relationship between the microstructure and the interface strength was shown.
Revisional Surgery of One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass for Severe Protein–Energy Malnutrition

Background: One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is safe and effective. Its strong malabsorptive component might cause severe protein–energy malnutrition (PEM), necessitating revisional surgery. We aimed to evaluate the safety and outcomes of OAGB revision for severe PEM. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective analysis of OAGB patients undergoing revision for severe PEM (2015–2021). Perioperative data and outcomes were retrieved. Results: Ten patients underwent revision for severe PEM. Our center’s incidence is 0.63% (9/1425 OAGB). All patients were symptomatic. Median (interquartile range) EWL and lowest albumin were 103.7% (range 57.6, 114) and 24 g/dL (range 19, 27), respectively, and 8/10 patients had significant micronutrient deficiencies. Before revision, nutritional optimization was undertaken. Median OAGB to revision interval was 18.4 months (range 15.7, 27.8). Median BPL length was 200 cm (range 177, 227). Reversal (n = 5), BPL shortening (n = 3), and conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (n = 2) were performed. One patient had anastomotic leak after BPL shortening. No death occurred. Median BMI and albumin increased from 22.4 kg/m2 (range 20.6, 30.3) and 35.5 g/dL (range 29.2, 41), respectively, at revision to 27.5 (range 22.2, 32.4) kg/m2 and 39.5 g/dL (range 37.2, 41.7), respectively, at follow-up (median 25.4 months, range 3.1, 45). Complete resolution occurs after conversion to RYGB or reversal to normal anatomy, but not after BPL shortening. Conclusions: Revisional surgery of OAGB for severe PEM is feasible and safe after nutritional optimization. Our results suggest that the type of revision may be an important factor for PEM resolution. Comparative studies are needed to define the role of each revisional option.
Autonomous Vehicles and Intelligent Automation: Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities

Intelligent Automation (IA) in automobiles combines robotic process automation and artificial intelligence, allowing digital transformation in autonomous vehicles. IA can completely replace humans with automation with better safety and intelligent movement of vehicles. This work surveys those recent methodologies and their comparative analysis, which use artificial intelligence, machine learning, and IoT in autonomous vehicles. With the shift from manual to automation, there is a need to understand risk mitigation technologies. Thus, this work surveys the safety standards and challenges associated with autonomous vehicles in context of object detection, cybersecurity, and V2X privacy. Additionally, the conceptual autonomous technology risks and benefits are listed to study the consideration of artificial intelligence as an essential factor in handling futuristic vehicles. Researchers and organizations are innovating efficient tools and frameworks for autonomous vehicles. In this survey, in-depth analysis of design techniques of intelligent tools and frameworks for AI and IoT-based autonomous vehicles was conducted. Furthermore, autonomous electric vehicle functionality is also covered with its applications. The real-life applications of autonomous truck, bus, car, shuttle, helicopter, rover, and underground vehicles in various countries and organizations are elaborated. Furthermore, the applications of autonomous vehicles in the supply chain management and manufacturing industry are included in this survey. The advancements in autonomous vehicles technology using machine learning, deep learning, reinforcement learning, statistical techniques, and IoT are presented with comparative analysis. The important future directions are offered in order to indicate areas of potential study that may be carried out in order to enhance autonomous cars in the future.
Studies of Molecular Dynamics and Electronic Structure in Cubic-SiC by Using Density Functional Tight Binding Approach

The radiation damage in Silicon-Carbide and its result are presented in this research. The Density Functional Tight Binding (DFTB) approach is used to perform molecular dynamics simulations to implement the DFTB+ code (Elstner et al., 1998). This methodology shows the making and breaking of chemical bonding as well as describes the realistic total energy for the larger systems. Repulsive potentials have been developed to prevent the atoms to stay close to each other during the model of high energy collisions also correctly describe the configurations during the atomic separation within the typical range. The extent and nature of damages are characterized within the collision event up to 10KeV. The band structure of SiC has been studied using minimal basis (sp) as applied in DFTB+. The value of band gap shows that cubic SiC is a large band gap semiconductor material. This value is comparable with the given in literature. Density of states is also calculated by using the tight binding approach. The peaks of spectrum have been compared with the experimental values found in literature.
COVID-19-related psychiatric manifestations requiring hospitalization: Analysis in older vs. younger patients

The complex manifestations of COVID-19 include psychiatric symptoms, having multifaceted profiles with varying severity during the acute phase and further during the recovery period. Limited data exist which have analyzed whether there are any age-related differences. A study lot of 89 COVID-19 patients with mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring hospitalization for mental issues provided comparative data from two age groups below and above 60 years. The majority of patients had new onset of a mental issue during COVID-19, 24.7% of the total lot being diagnosed with depressive disorder. The senior patient set had a significantly higher prevalence of sleep disorder vs. the younger study group (53.3 vs. 28.8%), depression (33.3 vs. 10.2%) and cognitive impairment (26.7 vs. 8.5%), while patients <60 years of age had a higher prevalence of hallucinations, delirium and bizarre behavior. Psychiatric manifestations are an important part of the symptomatology of COVID-19, sometimes requiring hospitalization. Age-related neuropsychiatric substrate could explain some of these differences between the two study subgroups. Further data are needed to complete the acute and long-term distinctive profiles of COVID-19-related mental illness in older and younger patients.
Money Markets and Bank Lending: Evidence from the Tiering Adoption

Exploiting the introduction of the ECB’s tiering system for remunerating excess reserve holdings, we document the importance of the access to the money market for bank lending. We show that the two-tier system produced positive wealth effects for banks with excess reserves and encouraged a reallocation of liquidity toward banks with unused exemptions. This ultimately decreased the fragmentation in the money market and enhanced the transmission of monetary policy. Improved money market access incentivizes banks with unused allowances to extend more credit than other banks, including banks with excess liquidity whose valuations increased the most.
Effects of Tianeptine Treatment on Depression and Cognitive Function in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A 12-Month Retrospective Observational Study

Background: Depression is a common manifestation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In clinical practice, antidepressant medication is often used for depression in AD. Objective: We explore the effectiveness of the atypical antidepressant tianeptine compared with other conventional antidepressants in AD patients with depression in a real-life setting. Methods: We retrospectively identified 126 AD patients who had received antidepressant treatment for 12 months with tianeptine or other antidepressants. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the treatment they had received: tianeptine group (n = 38) or other antidepressant group (n = 88). Drug effects on depression, cognition, behavior, and functional performance were evaluated at baseline, 6, and 12 months. A Mixed Effects Model Analysis was carried out to evaluate changes in performance scores. Results: Both tianeptine and other antidepressants showed an antidepressant effect after 12 months with significant improvement on the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Depression subscale. A statistically significant improvement at 12 months was shown in the tianeptine group versus the other antidepressants group on most of the cognitive measures such as the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Letter and Category Fluency Test, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and the Boston Naming Test. Conclusion: Our results suggest that tianeptine reduces depressive symptoms and improves cognition in AD patients. This could be considered clinically relevant and should inspire the design of future long-term randomized controlled trials that contribute to supporting the use of tianeptine for improving cognitive function in AD patients.