Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A latent variable approach to decoding neural population activity

Decoding is a powerful approach for measuring the information contained in the activity of neural populations. As a result, decoding analyses are now used across a wide range of model organisms and experimental paradigms. However, typical analyses employ general purpose decoding algorithms that do not explicitly take advantage of the structure of neural variability, which is often low-dimensional and can thus be effectively characterized using latent variables. Here we propose a new decoding framework that exploits the low-dimensional structure of neural population variability by removing correlated variability that is unrelated to the decoded variable, then decoding the resulting denoised activity. We demonstrate the efficacy of this framework using simulated data, where the true upper bounds for decoding performance are known. A linear version of our decoder provides an estimator for the decoded variable that can be more efficient than other commonly used linear estimators such as linear discriminant analysis. In addition, our proposed decoding framework admits a simple extension to nonlinear decoding that compares favorably to standard feed-forward neural networks. By explicitly modeling shared population variability, the success of the resulting linear and nonlinear decoders also offers a new perspective on the relationship between shared variability and information contained in large neural populations.
Effects of automobile seating posture on trunk muscle activity

Reports for adult population indicate that almost 80% of the adult population has reported some form of lower back aches. Each year American workers suffer more than 300,000 lost-time injuries involving musculoskeletal disorders of the back, with the costs that run into billions of dollars. Sedentary tasks are known to be major contributing factors of back pain. Prior studies have indicated that the myoelectric activity of the lumbar region decreases when the back rest inclination of a seat increased. An increase in seat pan inclination so that it increases pressure on the leg muscles is also a cause for back pain. Seating posture is also known to be a leading cause of back pain. This study focuses on the response of the latissimus dorsi muscle in the trunk, to the backrest and seat angle inclinations for different seating postures. Twenty one participants took part in the backrest experiment. The automobile seat backrest angle was varied for two angles of 90 and 100 degrees in a one hour driving session. Ten participants took part in the seat angle experiment; the seat was set at 0 and 10 degrees for a 30 minutes session at each angle. The muscle activity of the latissimus dorsi was recorded for seating postures at each angle. Based on the electromyography data, the results of analyses of variance for mean of root mean square values for the backrest experiment (P < 0.05) showed significant change. In seat angle experiment the analysis of variation of the mean values for root mean square values at (P < 0.05) was significant. It is concluded that increased backrest and inclined seat angle decreases muscle activity in the latissimus dorsi muscle.
Predicting the Persistence of Undeclared First-Year and Transfer Students

A significant proportion of students enter four-year institutions without declaring an academic major, and institutions have developed targeted advising and services to help these students select careers and persist to graduation. Previous research is dated and inconclusive about whether enrolling as undeclared has a negative effect on persistence, and there is little information about which pre-college attributes and early college experiences may serve as positive predictors of persistence for this student population. Utilizing a sample of 585 entering undeclared first-year and transfer students at a four-year public research institution, this study explores how well pre-entry attributes, early experiences, and integration predict persistence from initial enrollment to the third semester. Implications for future research and advising practices are discussed.
Essays on Intergovernmental Lobbying in America

ii DEDICATION . iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . v CONTRIBUTORS AND FUNDING SOURCES . vii NOMENCLATURE . viii TABLE OF CONTENTS . x LIST OF FIGURES . xii LIST OF TABLES . xiii CHAPTER
Intimate Communication across Borders: Spousal Labor Migration and Recent Partner Communication about Family Planning in Nepal

Abstract Amid widespread labor migration in Nepal, spousal separation may affect partner communication about intimate topics like family planning. We examined the association between spousal migration experience and partner communication about family planning using survey responses from 1,793 married Nepali women (ages 18–49 years) with a child under 5 years. More than 60% of women had recently migrating spouses. Forty-seven percent reported recent partner communication about family planning. Women with currently migrating spouses were significantly less likely than women with non-migrant spouses to report recent spousal discussions about family planning. Recent partner communication about family planning varied by destination and duration of current migration. Future programs designed to fulfill the reproductive health needs of transregional or transnational couples should address partner communication about family planning.
HanGrawler: Large-Payload and High-Speed Ceiling Mobile Robot Using Crawler

In this article, we present a ceiling-mounted mobile robot, HanGrawler, with high-speed mobility and the ability to freely select and adjust its route under a ceiling plate. HanGrawler hangs from the holes of a perforated metal ceiling plate using newly developed mechanically constrained hanging mechanisms mounted on crawler-type traveling equipment. These mechanisms continuously grasp the ceiling holes while moving in a straight line. Specially designed turntables are installed at certain ceiling points to change the HanGrawler movement direction to facilitate two-dimensional motion. A performance evaluation experiment confirms that HanGrawler can travel linearly at 0.1 m/s, turn at an $\text{8.5}^\circ \text{/s}$ rotational speed, and carry a maximum load of 60 kg. The experiment also reveals that HanGrawler can carry a heavy load only when the timings of the hanging mechanism hooking motions and turntable rotational speed are tuned. This transport system can be utilized not only for part transportation on production lines but also for logistics in general.
The effect of oral L‐carnitine supplementation on the lipid profiles of hyperlipidaemic children

Aim: To investigate the carnitine status and the effect of carnitine supplementation on serum lipid profiles in children with hyperlipoproteinaemia, a clinical open trial was conducted at Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism. Methods: Patients were given carnitine at a dose of 100 mg/kg/d for 12 wk. Blood samples for the determination of lipid profile and carnitine levels and urine samples for carnitine levels were obtained on admission, at week 4 and week 12 of the study period. Results: A total of 41 children were enrolled in the study: 20 patients had type II heterozygotes, eight patients had type II homozygotes, three patients had type III, six patients had type V and four patients had secondary hyperlipidaemias. Serum and urine carnitine levels were within normal limits on admission. No significant correlations were found between serum carnitine levels and serum lipid profiles. Serum HDL and apolipoprotein A‐I decreased significantly during the 12 wk of intervention in type II heterozygotes. In type II homozygotes, total cholesterol and LDL levels at weeks 4 and 12 increased significantly compared to initial levels. No significant change was noted for lipid parameters in hyperlipoproteinaemia type V.
An Experimental Test of Using Digital Media Literacy Education and Twitter to Promote Political Interest and Learning in American Politics Courses

Abstract Digital media affordances create interesting potential opportunities for educators to integrate these technologies into the classroom in an effort to achieve greater student success. While there are many reasons to suspect that using digital media in the political science classroom may yield positive effects, there are few experimental studies of these effects. In this study, I leverage a longitudinal experimental design to study the effectiveness of using Twitter in introductory American politics courses to increase political interest, news consumption, and student learning outcomes. The findings show that using Twitter in the classroom has no significant influence on political interest or news consumption when controlling for prior levels of these variables. However, there may be a small positive influence on student learning outcomes that should be further explored.
The Impact of End-user Support on Electronic Medical Record Success in Ontario Primary Care: A Critical Case Study

Although end-user support is an important aspect of EMR implementation, it is not known in what ways it affects EMR success. To investigate this topic, a case study of end-user support for an open-source EMR was conducted in an Ontario Family Health Organization using 7 semistructured interviews based on the DeLone and McLean Model of Information System Success. Second, documentation for an open-source and proprietary EMR was analyzed using Carroll’s Minimalism as a theoretical framework. Finally, themes from this thesis were compared and contrasted with a multiple case study that examined support for a commercial EMR in 4 Ontario family health teams. Main findings include the role of informal support, which was important for ensuring that data are documented consistently, which in turn enabled information retrieval for providing better preventive care services. Also, formal support was important for mitigating problems of system quality, which had potential implications for patient safety.
Sampling the Central Channel Provides Additional Information on Fish Assemblages in a Large Boatable River in the U.S. Midwest

It is a challenge to adequately characterize the fish assemblages of large rivers because of their sizes and high spatial–temporal habitat heterogeneity. Multiple sampling methods are often needed, but their uses increase cost and present difficulty for data standardization. In this study, we examined how much new information central-channel electrofishing sampling could add to typical shoreline electrofishing in a large and relatively shallow river, the lower Wabash River, in the U.S. Midwest. We found that the two types of samples differed markedly in species composition, and each was strongly associated with a subset of species. Shoreline samples captured more fish individuals and species, and reached higher functional diversity, but central-channel samples often captured several large benthivore and migratory species such as Redhorse and Shovelnose Sturgeon. Central-channel electrofishing appears to be a quick and low-cost method to supplement shoreline sampling in monitoring and assessing large shallow rivers.
Evaluation of Stress Situation of Female Nurses Working in Wards Based on the Survey Data

: In this study, the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) survey data obtained from 927 female nurses were analyzed through two-group comparisons of high and low stressors, stress response, support, and satisfaction level, and through four-group comparisons of different family structures focusing on the marital and child status. Moreover, covariant structure analyses using the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model was performed. Results revealed that individuals with high stressors had high-stress responses and low support. By contrast, individuals with high levels of satisfaction had low stressors, low-stress responses, and high support. Next, between the four groups based on family structure, significant differences were observed in stressors, such as “low degree of job control” and in stress responses, such as “physical complaints. ” In the MIMIC model, the “status of stress” was mainly dominated by stressor factors compared to support factors.
Visualization of Learning Outcome Structure for Self-Learning

The success and quality of an educational or training system is assessed by its match to the competences it claims to develop. In this research, we propose a conceptual model of contextualized competence (or learning outcome), being a learner’s capability with respect to some subject matter. We also suggest a controlled vocabulary of capability verbs, based upon Merrill’s theory insight that a particular capability should be associated with a particular type of subject matter. At this stage, the model is deployed as a subject matter graph without contextualization in the domain of programming fundamentals. The implemented tool associates learning resources (mainly html links) with the domain knowledge structures, offering graph creation and visualization, resource suggestions, and learning paths. Future work will include learning outcomes and related context, and will evaluate user satisfaction and accessibility.
Molecular structures and mechanisms of DNA break processing in mouse meiosis

Exonucleolytic resection, critical to repair double-strand breaks (DSBs) by recombination, is not well understood, particularly in mammalian meiosis. Here, we define structures of resected DSBs in mouse spermatocytes genome-wide at nucleotide resolution. Resection tracts averaged 1100 nucleotides, but with substantial fine-scale heterogeneity at individual hotspots. Surprisingly, EXO1 is not the major 5′→3′ exonuclease, but the DSB-responsive kinase ATM proved a key regulator of both initiation and extension of resection. In wild type, apparent intermolecular recombination intermediates clustered near to but offset from DSB positions, consistent with joint molecules with incompletely invaded 3′ ends. Finally, we provide evidence for PRDM9-dependent chromatin remodeling leading to increased accessibility at recombination sites. Our findings give insight into the mechanisms of DSB processing and repair in meiotic chromatin.
Inequality of opportunity in child health in Sudan: Across-region study

This study aims to examine the drivers of inequality of opportunity in health outcome among children below 5 years of age, using the Sudanese 2014 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.It investigates the variation in inequality across and within regions, decomposing inequality into a portion that is due to inequality of opportunity and a portion due to other factors, such as random variations in health. The results of the generalized entropy measures indicate that the overall inequality in child health is high, particularly in poor and conflict-affected regions.The contribution of inequality of opportunity to total inequality in child health outcome is found to be substantial and varies, both across and within regions. The results also reveal that the share of circumstances in inequality of opportunity in child health varies significantly according to health indicator and geographic region. Specifically, geographic location, parentsA¢â‚¬â„¢ education, and parental wealth are found to be the principal factors contributing to inequality of opportunity in child health outcome.
The record‐breaking warm spell of February 2019 in Britain, the Channel Islands, France and the Netherlands

tions listed in Climatological Observers’ Link (COL) Bulletin (some of them in the UK national climatological network): 1 – Whitby (North Yorkshire), 2 – Carlton-in-Cleveland (North Yorkshire), 3 – Carlton-in-Coverdale (North Yorkshire), 4 – Pateley Bridge 2 (North Yorkshire), 5 – Hornsey (East Riding of Yorkshire), 6 – Calthorpe (Norfolk), 7 – Quinton (Birmingham), 8 – Malvern Link (Worcestershire), 9 – Velindre, Brecon (Powys), 10 – Ely (Cambridgeshire), 11 – Bedford, 12 – Colchester NE 2 (Essex), 13 – Great Gaddesden (Hertfordshire), 14 – Stratfield Mortimer (Berkshire), 15 – Gurney Slade (Somerset), 16 – Salisbury (Wiltshire), 17 – Warlingham (Surrey), 18 – Birdham (West Sussex), 19 – Steyning (West Sussex), 20 – Portsmouth University (Hampshire), 21 – Lapford (Devon), 22 – Okehampton (Devon) and 23 – Haytor (Devon).
EFFECT OF ISOMETRIC AND ISOTONIC EXERCISE TRAINING ON CORE MUSCLE IN SUBJECTS WITH NON SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN

Objective: To compare the effects of isometric (stability) and isotonic training on core muscle in patients with non-specific low back pain on pain, endurance, and functional disability.Methods: Forty participants of both genders aged between 20 and 35 years suffering from non-specific low back pain were taken and equally divided into two groups: Group A isometric exercise and Group B isotonic exercise, both the group received baseline treatment of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and hot moist pack. Outcomes measure visual analog scale, endurance test, and modified Oswestry disability index were used the pre-treatment and at the end of 4 weeks.Results: Experiment of both the groups showed a non-significant improvement in pain, endurance, and functional disability. Except for extensor endurance test which shows significant different in Group A.Conclusion: Both isometric and isotonic exercises are equally effective in reducing pain, increase endurance, and improve functional disability in patients with non-specific low back pain.
Masseter Muscle Inserted in the Temporomandibular Joint Discocapsular Complex, a Case Report Inserción del Músculo Masétero en el Complejo Discocapsular de la Articulación Temporomandibular, Reporte de un Caso

The presence of muscle insertions in the temporomandibular joint disc have a great importance in the dynamic joint. This article presents a case of bilateral insertion of deep fascicle of the masseter muscle in the temporomandibular joint capsule and disc in a spain corpse, describes the microscopic and macroscopic appearance of variation and a brief review of the functional implications.
The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome and Vitamin D on Hearing Loss in Qatar

Aim: The aim of present study to investigate association between metabolic syndrome [MetSyn] and vitamin D deficiency on hearing loss among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Subjects and methods: This is an observational cohort study based on 528 subjects aged between 20 and 59 years who visited the Hamad Medical Corporation with hearing difficulty during from January 2013 to July 2014. MetSyn was assessed using the revised NCEP-ATP III criteria. Vitamin D level was evaluated from reported serum 25 (OH) D. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed to evaluate the relation between selected lifestyle factors, MetSyn, vitamin D and presence of hearing loss. Results: The mean age (± SD, in years) for metabolic hearing loss versus normal subjects was 47.7 ± 10.2 vs. 48.5 ± 9.1. Over 90% of the s patients were using phones devices and 13.4% had hearing impairment watching TV. The consanguineous marriages were observed higher in Hearing loss (32.9%) than in normal hearing (23.0%) (p=0.028). The waist circumference, hip circumference, waist hip ratio and body mass index were significantly higher among the participants with MetSyn versus without MetSyn (p<0.001). The mean of diabetes onset duration (9.03 ± 4.35 years), sleeping disorder (5.76 ± 1.32 h), cigarette smoking (16.4%) and sheesha smoking (20.7%) were higher among hearing impairment. The associated risk factors were significantly higher in T2DM with hearing loss, hypoglycemia, retinopathy, Nephropathy and Neuropathy diabetic foot ulcer, Tinnitus, Vertigo and headache than in normal hearing diabetes. There were statistically significant differences between hearing impairment versus normal hearing for vitamin D [18.91 ± 7.65 ng/ml vs 22.85 ± 9.00 ng/ml; p=0.018], magnesium, phosphorous, HDL, ceatinine, albumin, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Further, there were highly statistically significant differences between hearing impairment versus normal for both side right and left ear frequency in Db unit (p<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed vitamin D Deficiency (OR 2.59 95% CI 1.65-4.72; p<0.001), Head ache (OR 1.97 95% CI 1.30-2.85; p<0.001), sleeping disturbance (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.23-2.71, p=0.002), systolic blood pressure (OR 1.66 95% CI 1.20-2.48; p=0.009), cigarette smoking (OR 1.90 95% CI 1.23-2.95; p=0.004), age in years (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.30-2.54; p=0.026), nationality (Qatari) (OR 1.55 95% CI 1.10-2.17; p=0.014), diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.69 95% CI 1.14-2.52; p=0.012), age in years (OR 1.45 95% CI 1.30-2.54; p=0.026) and sheesha smokers (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.32-3.11, p=0.038) were considered at higher risk as a predictors of hearing loss among diabetic patients. Conclusion: The current study results suggests that the impact of metabolic syndrome and vitamin D among diabetic patients were significantly associated with the hearing loss in the Qatari's population
Fifty Years of Abstracts in the Journal Economie et Statistique

Natural language processing, is nowadays a toolbox routinely used to explore the content of various texts. On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the journal Économie et Statistique (then Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics), we propose in this short article an application to the abstracts of the 2,184 “academic” articles published in this journal since 1969 (see Box). Which words are most frequently used? What underlying topics do they suggest and have these topics changed over the years?
AEMET-γSREPS en operaciones

RESUMEN En el presente trabajo se resumen las tres charlas que se han presentado en el Sexto Simposio de Predicción sobre el sistema de predicción por conjuntos de alta resolución AEMET-γSREPS. En la primera de ellas, titulada «AEMET -γSREPS: Convection-permitting LAM-EPS», se presenta el diseño básico del sistema. En la segunda charla, «El AEMET-γSREPS en un caso de convección por convergencias en el Mediterráneo», se presenta un caso de predicción real operativa de fuertes lluvias provocadas por un sistema convectivo de mesoescala donde el AEMET-γSREPS dio un apoyo significativo a la predicción. Finalmente, en la última charla, «La aplicación web AEMET-γSREPS», se muestra el trabajo de creación de la página web con la que los predictores de AEMET van a poder visualizar los productos de predicción probabilística generados por el sistema.
Inward Propagation of Flow‐Generated Pi2 Waves From the Plasma Sheet to the Inner Magnetosphere

To understand the inward propagation of the Pi2 waves generated by bursty bulk flows (BBFs) from the plasma sheet to the inner magnetosphere, we statistically investigate 137 midnight conjunction events with one satellite of the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) in the plasma sheet and one satellite of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) in the inner magnetosphere. All events have Pi2 wave enhancements associated with BBFs at THEMIS. In response, larger Pi2 wave enhancements at GOES are correlated with larger dipolarization associated with each BBF at THEMIS but not with stronger waves and flows at THEMIS. The larger wave enhancements at GOES occur preferentially under stronger solar wind driving. We discuss an explanation considering that BBFs are an earthward moving plasma sheet bubble having relatively lower flux tube entropy compared to that of the background plasma and that Pi2 waves are generated by the slowing down of the bubble. The stronger dipolarization of BBFs suggests a bubble of smaller entropy, while the stronger solar wind driving leads to higher background entropy in the inner magnetosphere, both favorable for a bubble to penetrate deeper, and thus, Pi2 waves generated by the bubble are more likely to propagate to the GOES location with less damping to result in larger wave enhancements. In addition, our analyses using empirical density and magnetic field models suggest that the strong Pi2 wave enhancements at GOES are less likely to be a cavity resonance driven inside the plasmasphere.