Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breast Cancer Cells Metastasize to the Tissue-Engineered Premetastatic Niche by Using an Osteoid-Formed Polycaprolactone/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffold

It has been deemed that the premetastatic niche (PMN) plays a critical role in facilitating bone metastasis of breast cancer cells. Tissue engineering scaffolds provide an advantageous environment to promote osteogenesis that may mimic the bony premetastatic niches (BPMNs). In this study, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were seeded onto designed polycaprolactone/nanohydroxyapatite (PCL-nHA) scaffolds for osteogenic differentiation. Subsequently, a coculture system was used to establish the tissue-engineered BPMNs by culturing breast cancer cells, hMSCs, and osteoid-formed PCL-nHA scaffolds. Afterwards, a migration assay was used to investigate the recruitment of MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-453 cells to the BPMNs' supernatants. The cancer stem cell (CSC) properties of these migrated cells were investigated by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the mRNA expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Osterix, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) on the PCL-nHA scaffolds were dramatically increased compared to the PCL scaffolds on days 11, 18, and 32. The expression of CXCL12 in these BPMNs was increased gradually over coculturing time, and it may be a feasible marker for BPMNs. Furthermore, migration analysis results showed that the higher maturation of BPMNs collectively contributed to the creation of a more favorable niched site for the cancerous invasion. The subpopulation of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) was more likely to migrate to fertile BPMNs. The proportion of BCSCs in metastatic MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-453 cells were increased by approximately 63.47%, 149.48%, and 127.60%. The current study demonstrated that a designed tissue engineering scaffold can provide a novel method to create a bone-mimicking environment that serves as a useable platform to recapitulate the BPMNs and help interrogate the scheme of bone metastasis by breast cancer.
Performance of Exterior Beam-Column Joints with U-Shaped Bars for Different Stirrups Detailing: Numerical Study

The relevant detailing of joint reinforcement plays a major role in ensuring adequate performance of reinforced concrete frames in terms of strength and ductility. The reinforcement detailing of joints with U-shaped bars in most common codes is achieved by providing a minimum stirrups reinforcement ratio and a maximum spacing between them; however, the contribution of the cross ties configuration within the joint core in the shear resisting mechanism is not considered. The nonlinear finite element analysis using ABAQUS software has been employed in this study to numerically investigate the influence of different joint reinforcement configurations on joint performance. Four sets of beam-column connections with different joint stirrups configurations have been modeled for achieving this purpose, considering two validated experimentally tested beam-column connections as reference. This study reveals that achieving the codes minimum joint reinforcement ratio using both internal cross ties and outer stirrups instead of outer stirrups only is more efficient in terms of joint strength and deformation capacity which indicates that the contribution of the cross ties considering its shape and location in the shear strength resistance should be considered. It has been observed that both the joint strength and deformation capacity have been significantly improved with the use of two closed rectangular cross ties or one polygon cross tie within the joint region. Hence, those two layouts are considered as the most practical solutions in which the maximum spacing between the stirrups can be considerably increased without affecting the joint performance. The results also proved that the induced stress in the joint stirrups doesn’t necessarily reach their yield strength even at the instant of joint failure. Hence, the yielding assumption for all layers of joint reinforcement in some analytical models and different international codes is unsafe and needs some revision.
SYSTEMIC MANIFESTATIONS DUE TO ALLERGY

The data on 50 patients with systemic manifestations due to allergy seen at the Children's Clinic, Jackson, Tennessee, during the period 1956 through 1960 is presented. Detailed case histories are recorded for four of these patients. The findings on the remainder are given in tabular form. Uniformly, the symptoms and signs in these children were fatigue, irritability, pallor in the absence of anemia, and infraorbital circles. Most of them also had nasal congestion, abdominal pain and headache. A variety of other signs and symptoms, including those of nervous system involvement, may also be present. The literature on this condition is reviewed in detail showing that this condition has been described under several different names by many observers during the past 40 years. In spite of these descriptions, few physicians are aware that allergy causes such systemic manifestations. In conclusion, it is suggested that allergy be included in the differential diagnosis of any child with generalized body symptoms of undetermined cause.
Applying genomics in assisted migration under climate change: Framework, empirical applications, and case studies

The rate of global climate change is projected to outpace the ability of many natural populations and species to adapt. Assisted migration (AM), which is defined as the managed movement of climate‐adapted individuals within or outside the species ranges, is a conservation option to improve species' adaptive capacity and facilitate persistence. Although conservation biologists have long been using genetic tools to increase or maintain diversity of natural populations, genomic techniques could add extra benefit in AM that include selectively neutral and adaptive regions of the genome. In this review, we first propose a framework along with detailed procedures to aid collaboration among scientists, agencies, and local and regional managers during the decision‐making process of genomics‐guided AM. We then summarize the genomic approaches for applying AM, followed by a literature search of existing incorporation of genomics in AM across taxa. Our literature search initially identified 729 publications, but after filtering returned only 50 empirical studies that were either directly applied or considered genomics in AM related to climate change across taxa of plants, terrestrial animals, and aquatic animals; 42 studies were in plants. This demonstrated limited application of genomic methods in AM in organisms other than plants, so we provide further case studies as two examples to demonstrate the negative impact of climate change on non‐model species and how genomics could be applied in AM. With the rapidly developing sequencing technology and accumulating genomic data, we expect to see more successful applications of genomics in AM, and more broadly, in the conservation of biodiversity.
A Comparison of the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) Tool for Older Patients Undergoing General Surgery

The optimal malnutrition screening tool in geriatric surgery has yet to be determined. Herein, we compare two main tools in older patients undergoing general surgery operations. Older patients (>65 years old) who underwent general surgery operations between 2012 and 2017 in a tertiary centre were included. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) were used for nutritional risk assessment. Preoperative variables as well as postoperative outcomes were recorded prospectively. Agreement between tools was determined with the weighted kappa (κ) statistic. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the association of the screening tools with postoperative outcomes. A total of 302 patients (median age 74 years, range: 65–92) were included. A similar number of patients were classified as medium/high risk for malnutrition with the MNA-SF and MUST (26% vs. 36%, p = 0.126). Agreement between the two tools was moderate (weighted κ: 0.474; 95%CI: 0.381–0.568). In the multivariate analysis, MNA-SF was associated significantly with postoperative mortality (p = 0.038) and with postoperative length of stay (p = 0.001). MUST was associated with postoperative length of stay (p = 0.048). The MNA-SF seems to be more consistently associated with postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing general surgery compared with the MUST tool.
A Robust Surface Matching Technique for Integrated Monitoring of Coastal Geohazards

At the dynamic coastal fringe, numerous processes interact with local morphology. In soft-cliff environments, this can often lead to the occurrence of coastal geohazards. These can pose a major threat to property and cultural heritage, and an effective monitoring strategy is therefore essential. While contemporary monitoring techniques have been applied, these are often unsuitable in isolation. This paper presents an integrated approach, with the development of weighted surface matching software enabling reliable dataset fusion and multi-temporal change detection, even where significant surface differences exist. Evaluation of this approach is presented and discussed.
Does undernutrition increase the risk of lost to follow-up in adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa? Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Undernutrition is considered a marker for poor prognosis among people living with HIV (PLHIV), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where undernutrition and HIV are both highly prevalent. Evidence suggests that undernutrition (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2) is one of the main factors that significantly increases the risk of lost to follow-up (LTFU) in PLHIV. However, primary studies in SSA have reported inconsistent findings on the relationship between undernutrition and LTFU among adults living with HIV. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review which aimed to summarise the available evidence. Hence, this review aims to determine the pooled effect of undernutrition on LTFU among adults living with HIV in SSA. Methods and analysis PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and, for grey literature, Google Scholar will be systematically searched to include relevant articles published since 2005. Studies reporting the effect of undernutrition on LTFU in adults living with HIV in SSA will be included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale will be used for quality assessment. Data from eligible studies will be extracted using a standardised data extraction tool. Heterogeneity between included studies will be assessed using Cochrane Q-test and I2 statistics. The Egger’s and Begg’s tests at a 5% significance level will be used to evaluate publication bias. As heterogeneity is anticipated, the pooled effect size will be estimated using a random-effects model. The final effect size will be reported using the adjusted HR with a 95% CI. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required for a protocol for a systematic review. The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be publicly available. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021277741.
Use of water isotopes and chemistry to infer the type and degree of exchange between groundwater and lakes in an esker complex of northeastern Ontario, Canada

Abstract. While interactions between groundwater and lake-water influence water chemistry, water balance, aquatic organisms, biochemical cycles and contamination levels, they remain a poorly studied component of lake hydrology. Identifying the controls of groundwater and lake-water interactions at the landscape level and classifying lakes into categories based on their degree of interaction with the groundwater can provide insights into a lake's sensitivity and vulnerability to environmental stressors. Such information can also provide baseline conditions for comparison to future changes that are important for water management and conservation. To this end, water chemistry and water isotopic composition were investigated in a set of 50 boreal lakes located at different elevations in an esker system near Timmins, Ontario. Analyses focused on stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen and specific conductance as indicators of the position of a lake with respect to the influence of groundwater. Both isotopic composition and specific conductance distinguished higher-elevation groundwater-recharge lakes from lower-elevation groundwater-discharge lakes. Groundwater-recharge lakes were high-elevation lakes characterized by enriched isotopic values and low values of specific conductance. In contrast, groundwater-discharge lakes were isotopically depleted and had higher values of specific conductance and occurred at lower elevations. An intermediate group of lakes was also defined (termed seepage lakes) and had intermediate isotopic and water-chemistry characteristics compared to recharge and discharge lakes. Differences in water geochemistry between field campaigns revealed that upland groundwater-recharge lakes showed evidence of evaporative drawdown, indicating sensitivity to short-term changes in climate, whereas the lower-elevation groundwater-discharge lakes showed little variation between seasonal samples and consequently would likely be affected only by hydroclimatological changes of greater duration and magnitude.
Researchers’ Mobility and its Impact on Scientific Productivity

This article analyses the impact of mobility on researcher productivity. We address the relationship by developing a theoretical framework based on the job-matching approach for academics and the idea that productivity is driven by capital availability and peer effects. The empirical analysis is based on the entire careers of a sample of 171 UK academic researchers, spanning from 1957 to 2005. We analyse the impact of job changes on post mobility output in 3 and 6 year periods. Contrary to common wisdom, we do not find evidence that mobility per se increases academic performance. Mobility to better departments has a positive but weakly significant impact while downward mobility results in decreasing researchers? productivity. Once we control for mobility associated with career progress, the results indicate significant strong positive impact for mobility to higher quality department. We estimated a set of alternative
The T.I.T.U.S. Project: Implications of a Catholic spiritual and faith formation programme on the teaching of classroom Religious Education in Australia

ABSTRACT This paper presents findings emanating from a larger investigation. In essence, this qualitative project sought to uncover the ways in which early childhood Religious Education (RE) teachers’ experience of a formation-based program, known as The T.I. T.U. S Project (Testament In Teachers Using Scripture), transformed their own religious literacy and subsequently, their teaching of RE; it is these findings that form the focus of this paper. Religious literacy is explained as consisting of more than content, to include the complex relationship of content with both context and learner. It is in this nexus between content, context and learner that The T.I. T.U. S Project resided. With existing literature clearly identifying teachers’ lack of confidence in teaching scripture within RE, that is, in engaging with context and context as Cullen explains it, this research is significant. The findings from the qualitative survey, interview data and reflective journals suggest that teachers’ own personal formational experiences and growth in religious literacy transformed their teaching of classroom Religious Education, including their confidence in teaching scripture.
New Solution Construction Heuristics for the Multiple Vehicle Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows

The Multiple Vehicle Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows (MV-PDPTW) is an im-portant problem in logistics and transportation management. Yet, this problem is less studied thanthe classical vehicle routing problems, possibly due to the large number of constraints involved andthe diﬃculty in handling them. Even constructing a feasible solution to this hard problem is achallenge in itself.The MV-PDPTW is a variant of the well-known Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows(VRPTW)
Lift-Off Acoustics Predictions for the Ares I Launch Pad

A model has been prepared to predict noise on the mobile launcher and tower for the Ares I launch vehicle. The model is based on classic semi-empirical methods developed during the Apollo program. It has been updated with more recent data and algorithms. It has been implemented in two software modules. The first performs the noise calculations itself, yielding octave band and PSD spectra at specific points on the launcher or on a grid covering a region of interest. These results are written as simple ASCII tables. The second is a display program that graphically presents the results.
The Role of Prior Knowledge on the Origin and Repair of Misconceptions in an Introductory Class on Materials Science and Engineering

The book, How People Learn, states that all learning involves transfer from prior knowledge (e.g. from earlier classes) and previous experiences (e.g. observations) which can facilitate or impede learning. Taber classifies misconceptions according to their origin as a type of "impediment" to learning, for which there are two general types, each with subtypes. Null impediment refers to missing information (necessary for learning new material) due to students: 1) not having prior knowledge (deficiency) or; 2) not recognizing links between new material and their prior existing knowledge (transfer). Substantive impediment refers to faulty concept models of students from: 1) observations or personal experience or (experiential); 2) prior courses and teaching (pedagogic) and; 3) bending or misinterpreting of new concepts to fit prior knowledge (misinterpretive). In this paper on research-to-practice we address the question of what learning strategies are most effective in repairing misconceptions or "impediments" of different origin.
Manufacturing and Performance Evaluation of a Sugarcane Node Cutting Machine

Sugarcane node cutting machine was manufactured and tested in the department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt, to facilitate the process of cutting nodes that are used in transplanting sugarcane, the machine parts were designed using “SolidWorks” software, and then manufactured and constructed by using the low-cost available materials in local markets. The machine is used to separate the nodes from the sugarcane stalks and leave the internodes for industrial processes. The machine consists of reciprocating blades powered by a 3-phase AC motor. Field experiments were conducted for four groups of stalk diameters to study the effect of stalk diameters and cutting speeds on the machine performance. Results of the field tests for C9 sugarcane variety showed that the average diameter (cm), stalk weight (g), stalk length (cm), and the number of nodes per stalk of the tested samples ranged from (1.38 to 3.28 cm), (405.11 to 1206.67 g), (181.67 to 197.78 cm), and (12.56 to 14.33), respectively. Also, the results showed that the cutting efficiency was ranged between (83.67– 100%), maximum machine productivity was 3944 node/ha and the total operating cost ranged between 55.07 to 115.96 EGP/Fedd according to the cutting speed and stalk dimeters. It could be concluded from this study that the designed node-cutter prototype is profitable, handy and cost-effective to assist small-scale sugarcane farmers under Egyptian conditions.
TRUST CASE AND THE LINK TO SAFETY CASE

The TrustMe project develops a safety case for autonomous buses. A safety case is mostly based on information from the developers and refers to one or more relevant safety standards. The bases for a safety case are the defined safety standards and proof of compliance, based on the paper trails left by each required activity. A trust case is different and trust and safety assessments are not necessarily correlated. In order to make self-driving buses a success they need to be considered trustworthy. Thus, we need a “Trust case”. To ensure that the vehicles are safe and to inform the public, we have developed both a developer safety case and safety case for the public. To take care of the remaining factors we have developed a “Trust case”. The trust case has been developed as part of literature studies, surveys and interviews. We have made a survey of 311 passengers and interviewed 18 autonomous bus passengers. Based on literature studies, surveys and interviews, we have proposed a set of issues that should be included into a “Trust case”. By providing the public with a “Trust case” together with a “safety case for the public” we will help manufacturers of autonomous vehicles and operators to gain public trust.
Captura Automática de Dados de Proveniência de Experimentos de Aprendizado de Máquina com Keras-Prov

Neste artigo apresentamos a Keras-Prov, uma extensão à biblioteca de aprendizado profundo Keras para prover dados de proveniência. A Keras-Prov captura, armazena e gerencia metadados e dados de proveniência de experimentos de aprendizado de máquina (ML), em especial de aprendizado profundo. A Keras-Prov identifica automaticamente as transformações de dados mais comuns, como, treinamento, teste, e adaptação, para capturar os dados de proveniência. A Keras-Prov flexibiliza a captura automática, permitindo que novos dados de proveniência sejam definidos, como valores adicionais de hiperparâmetros. À gerência de proveniência por meio do SGBD colunar MonetDB, Keras-Prov adiciona uma interface de monitoramento visual e um gerador de SQL para consultas analíticas aos dados durante a evolução do treinamento e a escolha de modelos. A análise de dados da Keras-Prov, durante o treinamento, subsidia decisões de sintonia fina de hiperparâmetros. A base de dados segue a recomendação W3C PROV, favorecendo a comparação, explicação e reprodução de tais experimentos de ML. A Keras-Prov é uma solução de código aberto e pode ser obtida em https://github.com/dbpina/keras-prov.
Relationship between Objectively and Subjectively Measured Physical Activity in Adolescents during and after COVID-19 Restrictions

Background: Studying the relationship between subjectively and objectively measured physical activity (PA) can provide viable information on youths’ behaviors. However, the restrictions due to COVID-19 pandemic, which reduced children’s possibilities to be active, may negatively affect it. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between subjectively and objectively measured PA levels (light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous) during COVID-19-based restrictions and after they were lifted, and to determine whether such relationships changed in these two periods. Methods: A total of 26 adolescents (58% girls; mean age = 12.4 ± 0.5) wore accelerometers during public restrictions and after they were removed. Participants also completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire during the same periods. Results: High significant correlations were found at all levels of PA (r = 0.767–0.968) in both time periods, except for moderate PA during restrictions. Comparing the two periods, significantly higher correlations were found for moderate PA (p < 0.001) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (p = 0.003) after restrictions were lifted. Conclusions: In this highly active cohort of adolescents, results emphasize the potential threat of lockdown conditions for youths’ ability to accurately perceive their behaviors, with possible detrimental consequences on the short- and long-term health.