Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Friend or Foe: How to Suppress and Measure Fat During Abdominal Resonance Imaging?

The suppression of fat signals in abdominal magnetic resonance imaging has become a basic and routine practice in the diagnosis of pathologic conditions of abdominal organs in clinical settings. Many fat-suppression techniques have been developed in the past several decades, with fat-quantification methods introduced in response in more recent years. Fat-suppression techniques can be divided into two categories. Chemical shift–based techniques include chemical shift selective (CHESS), water excitation, and the Dixon method. CHESS is the most commonly used fat-suppression method, nulling the fat signal using a fat-selective radiofrequency pulse with a spoiler gradient. Water excitation employs a binomial pulse that excites only the water protons. Finally, the Dixon method involves using the in-phase/out-of-phase cycling of fat and water. An inversionbased technique, known as short tau inversion recovery (STIR), uses a pre-excitation inversion pulse that inverts the spin of all tissues. By selecting the appropriate MRI inversion time such that the longitudinal magnetization of fat is zero, fat protons will not contribute to the MRI signal. Also, spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) is a hybrid technique that combines the characteristics of both CHESS and STIR. The most precise fat-quantification technique known to date is a complex-based multipoint Dixon method, with which the protondensity fat fraction (PDFF) can be obtained. Multiple confounding factors must be well-corrected for accurate fat quantification. Radiologists should be familiar with the various fat suppression and measurement methods during MRI and be able to apply them to enhance patient care.
What Do We Know About Readability of Test Code? - A Systematic Mapping Study

The readability of software code is a key success criterion for understanding and maintaining software systems and tests. In industry practice, a limited number of guidelines aim for improving and assessing the readability of software (test) code. Although several studies focus on investigating the readability of software code, we observed limited research work that focuses on the readability of software test code. In this paper we focus on systematically investigating the characteristics, factors, and assessment criteria that have an impact on the readability of test code. We build on a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) to identify key characteristics, factors, and assessment criteria that have an impact on test code readability, legibility, and understandability to support and improve maintenance tasks. The result set includes 16 studies for further analysis. The majority of publications focuses on readability investigations of automatically generated test code (88%), often evaluated with surveys to access the readability of test code (44 %). Although several approaches aim at assessing the readability with focus on isolated factors, a combination of different readability aspects within an assessment framework can help to better assess and justify the readability of test code with focus on improving software and system test maintenance.
SURVIVAL MODELS FOR PREDICTING STUDENT DROPOUT AT UNIVERSITY ACROSS TIME

"The aim of this study is to develop a tool to recognize major responsible factors of student dropout through time, both in terms of student characteristics and type of degree courses, and to accurately predict the student time to dropout, if any. From a predictive point of view, we aim at developing an early warning system to early predict the status of a student career, identifying the risky timings in terms of dropout, as a supporting tool for early interventions policies. To this end, we follow a Survival Analysis approach, applying time-dependent COX frailty models, in which the target variable is the time to dropout of students within the first three years after the enrolment. Student careers are tracked over time, collecting time-dependent information. Results show that first year information is already powerfully predictive of the time to dropout and that dropout trends differ across degree courses and student profiles. "
Preliminary BER Study of a TC - OFDM system operating under noisy conditions

Wireless systems contain transmitters and receivers in order to exchange information. In the past decades, this exchange of information was conducted with the use of only one modulated carrier (frequency). As wireless technology evolved, new techniques emerged. One of them was unique for its capability of significant lower data loss compared to others. The main concept of the new technique, commonly known as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, was the utilization of various orthogonal carriers (frequencies) which were multiplexed with each other in order to prevent system breakdown in the case of frequency fading. In this paper we simulated our enhanced OFDM platform based on Turbo Coding (TC) in the presence of a noisy channel (AWGN, Phase noise, Rician noise, ITU PA3) exhibiting excellent BER performance.
Determination of the effect of biodiesel use on power take-off performance characteristics of an agricultural tractor in a test laboratory

Tractor performance tests conducted under laboratory test conditions are important because these tests determine the performance characteristics used to compare strengths and weaknesses of tractors. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of diesel fuel (B0) and 3 different biodiesel blends made of canola oil (B10, B20, B30) on tractor power take-off (PTO) performance characteristics. Performance characteristics studied were PTO power, engine torque, engine fuel consumption, and specific fuel consumption on an agricultural tractor (Massey Ferguson 3056 2WD) at the test laboratory of the Directorate of Agricultural Machinery Test Center (TAMTEST), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankara, Turkey. The maximum PTO power (32.35 ± 0.06 kW), the minimum specific fuel consumption (288.72 ± 0.11 g Kw-1 h-1), and the minimum fuel consumption (11.08 ± 0.13 L h-1) were achieved by using B20 at an engine speed of 2100 min-1. The nominal engine speed for petrodiesel was 2200 min-1, whereas the greatest engine power was accomplished at 2100 min-1 for all biodiesel blends. Even though 2%-4% reduction was obtained in fuel consumption by using biodiesel blends at 2100 min-1, the mean fuel consumption was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05), whereas average fuel consumption was higher with petrodiesel at 2200 min-1 (P < 0.05). It was concluded that B20 (20% biodiesel + 80% petrodiesel) could be a more efficient alternative to petrodiesel fuel.
Functionalization of Electrospun Nanofiber for Bone Tissue Engineering

Bone-tissue engineering is an alternative treatment for bone defects with great potential in which scaffold is a critical factor to determine the effect of bone regeneration. Electrospun nanofibers are widely used as scaffolds in the biomedical field for their similarity with the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Their unique characteristics are: larger surface areas, porosity and processability; these make them ideal candidates for bone-tissue engineering. This review briefly introduces bone-tissue engineering and summarizes the materials and methods for electrospining. More importantly, how to functionalize electrospun nanofibers to make them more conducive for bone regeneration is highlighted. Finally, the existing deficiencies of functionalized electrospun nanofibers for promoting osteogenesis are proposed. Such a summary can lay the foundation for the clinical practice of functionalized electrospun nanofibers.
Predictors of Myocardial Reperfusion in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Following Thrombolytic Treatment in Rural Community

This cross-sectional study aims to examine patient and hospital factors contributing to reperfusion following thrombolysis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in rural hospitals in Thailand. Access to reperfusion therapy for STEMI patients in rural areas is increasing in Thailand, yet clinical outcomes vary between settings and are inferior to recommended guidelines. Ten years after the introduction of thrombolytic treatment for rural patients undergoing STEMI, there is still a limited description of factors influencing the outcomes of thrombolytic treatment. Data were collected from 87 acute STEMI patients who had received thrombolytic treatment in 12 thrombolysis-capable hospitals located in rural areas. Demographic and clinical characteristics included patient response and treatment seeking behavior, witness response to the patient symptoms, waiting time for treatment, severity of illness, guideline adherence, and thrombolytic reperfusion. The results were: only 31 of 87 patients (35.63 %) received thrombolytic treatment within 30 min after arrival at the hospital. A total of 42 patients (48.28 %) had successful myocardial reperfusion following thrombolytic treatment. Logistic regression analysis revealed that guideline adherence (OR : 1.58 ; 95 % CI : 1.12 - 2.25), severity of illness (OR : 0.77 ; 95 % CI : 0.64 - 0.94), and patient response and treatment seeking behavior (OR : 1.47 ; 95 % CI : 1.01 - 2.04) were predictors of thrombolytic reperfusion. In rural areas, healthcare resources and transfer facilities are limited. Therefore, the improvement of patient awareness is needed. The clinical practice guidelines and consideration of pre-hospital factors should be promoted and the number of thrombolysis-capable hospitals should be increased.
Development of a Novel Hydrodynamic Sequencing Batch Reactor for Landfill Leachate Treatment by Shortcut Biological Nitrogen Removal

This study introduced an alternative shortcut biological nitrogen removal (SBNR) process for landfill leachate treatment by developing a novel hydrodynamic sequencing batch reactor (H-SBR). The reactor could enhance the oxygen transfer rate (OTR) and nitrite accumulation ratio (NAR) by modifying internal hydrodynamic turbulence intensity. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations introduced into the reactor were 660 and 250 mg L−1, respectively, and the average removal efficiencies were 93% (COD) and 96% (TN). The effect of geometric parameters on oxygen transfer was estimated by performing a hydrodynamic model and a nonlinear least square analysis. After correcting the constants (α and β) of mass transfer coefficients (KLa) to values of 0.7361 and 1.2639, the model data fit the experiment well with an R-squared value of 0.99. The OTR improved by up to 30%, and hence, increased the NAR by up to 20% with a reduction of about 0.5 kg N kW−1 for power efficiency. The H-SBR development is innovative because the oxygen transfer efficiency was improved by the hydrodynamic modification of internal turbulence intensity, although not by mechanical equipment or chemical supplements. For the SBNR process, the modification of the reactor configuration for OTR enhancement could significantly improve nitrogen removal efficiency with successful nitrite accumulation. In addition to landfill leachate treatment, the H-SBR process can be employed in the treatment of low C/N ratio wastewaters.
Fiber Optic Fabry-Perot Pressure Sensor With Embedded MEMS Micro-Cavity for Ultra-High Pressure Detection

A fiber-optic Fabry–Perot pressure sensor with embedded micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) micro-cavity for ultra-high pressure detection is demonstrated. The embedded-type structure (ETS) is first proposed and analyzed to meet the requirements of ultra-high pressure detection. The geometry parameters of sensor have been optimized by analyzing mechanical and optical characteristics. From the analysis results based on the ETS, an ultra-high pressure sensor is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated for ultra-high pressure detection. The ultra-high pressure experiment illustrated response relationship between the absolute phase and pressure in the range of 2–120 MPa, and full-scale (FS) errors less than 0.079% F.S. at room temperature. The other characteristics index of sensor such as pressure sensitivity, hysteresis error, and temperature's influence factor are superior to 1.071 rad/MPa, 1.397%, and $\text{2.665} \times {\text{10}^{ - \text{3}}}{\text{ rad}}/^\circ {\text{C}}$, respectively. The transient response time of system is 0.27 s. The sensor can be used for ultra-high pressure detections, which is necessary in deep-sea and oil exploration.
In0.53Ga0.47As/AlAs Double-Barrier Resonant Tunnelling Diodes With High-Power Performance in the Low-Terahertz Band

We report about an In0.53Ga0. 47As/AlAs doublebarrier resonant tunnelling diode (RTD) epitaxial structure that features high-power capabilities at low-terahertz frequencies (∼ 100−300 GHz). The heterostructure was designed using a TCAD-based quantum transport simulator and experimentally investigated through the fabrication and characterisation of RTD devices. The high-frequency RF power performance of the epitaxial structure was analysed based on the extracted small-signal equivalent circuit parameters. Our analysis shows that a 9 µm2, 16 µm2, and 25 µm2 large RTD device can be expected to deliver around 2 mW, 4 mW, and 6 mW of RF power at 300 GHz.
Effects of Different Durations at Fixed Intensity Exercise on Internal Load and Recovery—A Feasibility Pilot Study on Duration as an Independent Variable for Exercise Prescription

Duration is a rarely investigated marker of exercise prescription. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of the methodological approach, assessing effects of different duration constant-load exercise (CLE) on physiological responses (internal load) and recovery kinetics. Seven subjects performed an incremental exercise (IE) test, one maximal duration CLE at 77.6 ± 4.8% V˙O2max, and CLE’s at 20%, 40%, and 70% of maximum duration. Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (La), and glucose (Glu) concentrations were measured. Before, 4, 24, and 48 h after CLE’s, submaximal IE tests were performed. HR variability (HRV) was assessed in orthostatic tests (OT). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was obtained during all tests. CLE’s were performed at 182 ± 27 W. HRpeak, Lapeak, V˙Epeak, and RPEpeak were significantly higher in CLE’s with longer duration. No significant differences were found between CLE’s for recovery kinetics for HR, La, and Glu in the submaximal IE and for HRV or OT. Despite no significant differences, recovery kinetics were found as expected, indicating the feasibility of the applied methods. Maximum tests and recovery tests closer to CLE’s termination are suggested to better display recovery kinetics. These findings are a first step to prescription of exercise by both intensity and duration on an individual basis.
Effect of blue light bleaching in a high TL sensitivity natural quartz crystal

The quartz dating can be performed from optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) or thermoluminescence signals (TL). The relationship between OSL and TL signals is important to ensure adequate measurement of luminescent signal. The bleaching effect on TL signals have been studied by various works. However, there is no consensus. This study investigates the effect of blue light bleaching in a natural quartz crystal whose TL signal can be recorded with test-doses lower than 1 Gy. As a result, it was found that blue light is capable to erode almost completely de first TL peak. The bleaching effect for TL peaks above 200 °C is limited. However, TL components peaked at 320 and 390 °C are more sensitive to blue light than the intermediate TL components peaking at 250 and 280 °C.
Dairy 4.0: Intelligent Communication Ecosystem for the Cattle Animal Welfare with Blockchain and IoT Enabled Technologies

An intelligent ecosystem with real-time wireless technology is now playing a key role in meeting the sustainability requirements set by the United Nations. Dairy cattle are a major source of milk production all over the world. To meet the food demand of the growing population with maximum productivity, it is necessary for dairy farmers to adopt real-time monitoring technologies. In this study, we will be exploring and assimilating the limitless possibilities for technological interventions in dairy cattle to drastically improve their ecosystem. Intelligent systems for sensing, monitoring, and methods for analysis to be used in applications such as animal health monitoring, animal location tracking, milk quality, and supply chain, feed monitoring and safety, etc., have been discussed briefly. Furthermore, generalized architecture has been proposed that can be directly applied in the future for breakthroughs in research and development linked to data gathering and the processing of applications through edge devices, robots, drones, and blockchain for building intelligent ecosystems. In addition, the article discusses the possibilities and challenges of implementing previous techniques for different activities in dairy cattle. High computing power-based wearable devices, renewable energy harvesting, drone-based furious animal attack detection, and blockchain with IoT assisted systems for the milk supply chain are the vital recommendations addressed in this study for the effective implementation of the intelligent ecosystem in dairy cattle.
Digital Image Ballistics from JPEG Quantization

Most digital cameras export images in the JPEG file format. This lossy compression scheme employs a quantization table that controls the amount of compression achieved. Different cameras typically employ different tables. A comparison of an image’s quantization scheme to a database of known cameras affords a simple technique for confirming or denying an image’s source. Similarly, comparison to a database of photo-editing software can be used in a forensic setting to determine if an image was edited after its original recording.
Detecting and Locating Aftershocks for the 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, Earthquake Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Our study is to build an aftershock catalog with a low magnitude of completeness for the 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, earthquake. This is challenging because of the low signal-to-noise ratios for recorded seismograms. Therefore, we apply convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and use 2D time–frequency feature maps as inputs for aftershock detection. Another trained CNN is used to automatically pick P-wave arrival times, which are then used in both nonlinear and double-difference earthquake location algorithms. Our new one-month-long catalog has 4644 events and a completeness magnitude (Mc) 1.9, which has over seven times more events and 0.9 lower Mc than the current U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center catalog. The distribution and expansion of these aftershocks improve the resolution of two north-northwest-trending faults with different dip angles, providing further support for a central stepover region that changed the earthquake rupture trajectory and induced sustained seismicity.
Derivation of Soil Criteria of Cadmium for Safe Rice Production Applying Soil–Plant Transfer Model and Species Sensitivity Distribution

Widespread soil contamination is hazardous to agricultural products, posing harmful effects on human health through the food chain. In China, Cadmium (Cd) is the primary contaminant in soils and easily accumulates in rice, the main food for the Chinese population. Therefore, it is essential to derive soil criteria to safeguard rice products by assessing Cd intake risk through the soil–grain–human pathway. Based on a 2-year field investigation, a total of 328 soil–rice grain paired samples were collected in China, covering a wide variation in soil Cd concentrations and physicochemical properties. Two probabilistic methods used to derive soil criteria are soil–plant transfer models (SPT), with predictive intervals, and species sensitivity distribution (SSD), composed of soil type-specific bioconcentration factor (BCF, Cd concentration ratio in rice grain to soil). The soil criteria were back-calculated from the Chinese food quality standard. The results suggested that field data with a proper Cd concentration gradient could increase the model accuracy in the soil–plant transfer system. The derived soil criteria based on soil pH were 0.06–0.11, 0.33–0.59, and 1.51–2.82 mg kg−1 for protecting 95%, 50% and 5% of the rice safety, respectively. The soil criteria with soil pH further validated the soil as being safe for rice grains.
The Effect of Microsoft PowerPoint Interactive Learning Media Application on Reading Comprehension Skills of 3rd Grade Elementary School Students for Indonesian Language Subjects

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Microsoft PowerPoint interactive learning media application on the reading comprehension skills of 3rd grade elementary school students in Indonesian. This research method uses a quasi-experimental method with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach. The population of the study was the 3rd grade students of SDN Duren Sawit 07 Jakarta, totaling 60 students, divided into an experimental class and a control class. The research instrument used a pretest and posttest. While the data analysis technique used descriptive quantitative. The results of this study indicate that the average value of the experimental class at the pre-test = 56.67 has increased when the post-test is carried out = 82.00, while the results of the average value of the control class at the pre-test = 53, 00 experienced an increase when the post-test was carried out = 73.33. The results of the t-test in this study obtained tcount as much as 3.7582 at a significant level = 0.05 and degrees of freedom (dk) = 2.0032. Because the value of tcount>ttable which is 3.7582 > 2.003 so that it can be achieved H0 is rejected, meaning that there is a difference in the improvement of students' reading comprehension skills using the Microsoft PowerPoint interactive learning media application using only conventional media.
Comparison Of The Image Of The Caring Behavior Of Indonesian Nurses At The Tokubetsu Original Yougoroujin Home Ayumien Tokyo With The Caring Behavior Of Nurses At The Elderly Wisma Marry Home Berastagi 2022

Caring behavior is an action related to the patient's well-being such as sensitivity, comfort, attentive listening, honesty and non-judgmental acceptance. This study was conducted because the researcher wanted to know more about the comparison of the caring behavior of Indonesian nurses at the Tokubetsu Yougoroujin Home Ayumien Tokyo with the caring behavior of the nurses at the Marry Home Berastagi Elderly House 2022. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the caring behavior of Indonesian nurses at Tokubetsu Home. Yougoroujin Home Ayumien Tokyo with caring behavior of nurses at Wisma Marry Home Berastagi 2022. This study used a comparative research method with technique total sampling, the number of respondents at the Tokubetsu Yougoroujin Home Ayumien Home in Tokyo amounted to 48 respondents and at Wisma Marry Home. Berastagi totaled 49 respondents. The research instrument uses that the caring behaviors Indonesian nurse tools questionnaire. The results show that the caring behavior of Indonesian nurses at Panti Tokubetsu Yougoroujin Home Ayumien Tokyo from 48 respondents both 19 respondents (39.6%) and very good as many as 29 respondents (60.4%) and the caring behavior of nurses at Wisma Lansia Marry Home Berastagi from 49 respondents is very good. as many as 49 respondents (100%). Comparison of the caring behavior of Indonesian nurses at Panti Tokubetsu Yougoroujin Home Ayumien Tokyo with caring behavior of nurses at Wisma Lansia Marry Home Berastagi using the independent sample t-test test show p = 000 (<0.05). Therefore, the caring behavior of nurses needs to be improved and maintained to meet patient needs.