Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Change Impact Analysis using Python for Java Applications

Software Applications needs to be changed constantly as per the requirements of the user or the client. This phase is known as the maintenance phase of a software application. On an average, the cost of software maintenance is more than 50% of all Software Development Life Cycle phases. The main purpose of software maintenance is to modify and update software application after delivery in order to correct faults, enhance the functionality or to improve performance. When the change request (CR) is received from the client the developers have to work upon the request. If the Change Request requires any modification, the application developers have to identify the risk of modifying the program or application before making the actual change. But there is a high chance of making errors in modifying the existing software. Change Impact analysis (CIA) is one of the error prevention technique. It is the process to find the effect of a change in a software application before the changes are made. By equipping developers with automated CIA tools to identify the risk of modifying the application we can minimize the errors. Impact analysis can be done based on the change request. This paper aims at developing a change impact analysis tool which can be used by the developer during the software maintenance phase. This proposed tool -Strategic Dependency Tracker (SDepTrac) helps the programmer/ developer to know “What part of the program (of a Java application) is impacted if a change is to be made to a particular variable / method / class? ” with more accuracy compared to the existing tools. It displays the number of lines affected, classes and methods which are going to be affected, if we perform the requested change by considering the data dependency, control dependency and the semantic dependency. Thus the tool helps the developer to identify the impact set and minimizes the human errors and also saves time during the Maintenance phase.
Energy loss minimization using PHEVs as distributed active and reactive power resources: a convex quadratic local optimal solution

Summary Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are becoming more prevalent day by day. The batteries of these electric vehicles may be charged from a standard outlet at home. These extra electrical loads have several impacts on distribution networks, e.g. network energy loss. This paper presents a convex quadratic local optimal solution, instead of non-convex global optimal approach, to minimize the energy loss of distribution system with the different penetration levels of PHEVs. In this paper, it is assumed that vehicle owners can charge their vehicles either at workplace or at home. Furthermore, daily needed energy of PHEVs is simulated based on stochastic modeling of PHEV owners' behavior at any time. Moreover, in this paper it is supposed that PHEVs can be used as reactive power resources in vehicle to grid (V2G) operation mode. The proposed methodology is applied to a realistic distribution network. The results show that network energy loss may be remarkably increases, as the penetration of PHEVs increases without smart charging strategy. Managed and smart charging of PHEVs is needed to minimize the extent of network energy loss. As revealed by the results, smart charging of PHEVs with consideration of V2G operation mode in conjunction with charging at workplace may have the most effect on the network energy loss reduction. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A small-signal model for SEPIC, Cuk and flyback converters as power factor preregulators in discontinuous conduction mode

The authors describe small-signal models for SEPIC, Cuk, and flyback converters as power factor preregulators in discontinuous conduction mode (voltage follower approach) and constant frequency, using CIECA (current injected equivalent circuit approach). Implementations with and without input voltage feedforward, using resistive load, constant power and constant current loads, are analyzed, and their respective transfer functions are obtained. The applicability of an integrated circuit (usually used in continuous conduction mode) in the control loop is also presented. Simulation results are presented, validating the models to be used in control loop design. <<ETX>>
Signal propagation over perforated reference planes in stripline interconnect structures

An experimental and theoretical investigation of signal propagation in high-speed interconnect structures containing perforations in the reference planes is presented. Discontinuities of this type occur in many practical package designs and must be modeled correctly (in the time-domain) in order to account for the additional noise which is introduced on the signal line. To establish valid modeling techniques for this class of interconnects, measurements are made on two custom-designed test structures and compared with results obtained from simulation. The effect of the reference plane discontinuity is studied as a function of signal conductor height for a standard stripline configuration. Two- and three-dimensional parasitic extraction tools, along with full-wave electromagnetic solvers, are used to calculate the discontinuity element values. For both test structures, good correlation is obtained between measurements and modeling results. The value of different modeling approaches is discussed, and design guidelines for practical interconnect structures are proposed. <<ETX>>
Remaining Stock Computation for 3D-Machining in Parametric Regime

In manufacturing, it is often required to estimate uncut material shape between cutting stages in milling cycles. This may be useful to avoid undesired results like tool breakage, nonoptimized cutting time, and inferior surface finish besides other factors like improper feed-rate, large over-thickness, and inability of handling complex geometries. Current work discusses some strategy of ReSt (remaining stock) machining concept in CNC practices where machined and unmachined geometries are progressively computed and stored through different stages like roughing, semi-finishing, and ffinishing operations. The modeling of ReSt geometry in these stages is discussed with various possibilities in the parametric regime. The proposed algorithms are discussed with simulation results.
Finding a common ground : which implications does the introduction of Environmental Management Systems have for the competitiveness of small and medium sized enterprises in Baden-Württemberg, Germany?

The objectives of this thesis are to find a common ground for business and environmental interests and to evaluate the potential of Environmental Management Systems (EMSs) as transition tools to lead towards a greener economic paradigm. For these purposes it was assessed, which implications EMSs have for the competitiveness of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) within the first three years after their introduction. As representatives, the International Organization [sic! ] for Standardization [sic! ] (ISO) 14001 and the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) were chosen. The research site was the county of Baden-Wurttemberg in Germany. A survey, which contained quantitative and qualitative elements, was sent to 73 SMEs of the metal sector. Competitiveness was defined by the business and environmental performance. The aim of this approach was to determine if the EMSs improved the status quo of the firm and which Environmental Management System (EMS) performed better in the separate categories. Therefore, each performance set was assessed and then combined in Porter’s Diamond (PsD) to evaluate the overall competitiveness. EMAS outperformed ISO14001 in 10 of 12 business variables, improved five variables and satisfied two of three improvement goals. ISO14001 outperformed EMAS in two of 12 business variables, improved one variable and reached one of three improvement goals. Thus, the business performance was better for EMAS certified SMEs. For the environmental indicators, EMAS performed better in six of 11 variables, improved five and impaired two indicators, and satisfied one of four improvement goals. The two impaired variables were Waste reduction and Energy efficiency. ISO14001 performed better in five of 11 environmental variables, also improved five indicators and reached two of four improvement goals. This concludes that for the environmental indicators, the results were mixed. Regarding the overall competitiveness, EMAS scored in five of six categories and thus enhanced the competitiveness of SMEs significantly more than ISO14001 did. Although EMAS seemed to create a win-win situation, no clear answer could be provided when discussing the potential of EMSs leading towards a greener economic paradigm. This was mainly due to the probability of a negative correlation between business and environmental indicators being the result of an EMS implementation. Furthermore, although PsD was combined with environmental indicators, its inherent framework adheres to the principles of modernity and is therefore probably not suited for an integration of environmental aspects.
ANALYSIS OF SCYE BEARING MOTION AS APPLICABLE TO THE DESIGN OF A MORPHING SPACESUIT

Title of Document: ANALYSIS OF SCYE BEARING MOTION AS APPLICABLE TO THE DESIGN OF A MORPHING SPACESUIT Heather Bradshaw Master of Science, 2011 Directed By: Associate Professor, Dr. David Akin Department of Aerospace Engineering This thesis describes research supporting the development of the Morphing Upper Torso spacesuit design, which uses robotic augmentation of a rear-entry pressure suit to adjust torso dimensions. This concept has the potential to provide increased mobility, easier ingress/egress of the suit, and reduced astronaut workload during extravehicular operations. A range of motion study has been conducted in which subjects wore simulated shoulder scye bearings while performing selected tasks, with the intent to measure human motion in relation to scye bearing motion. Results of the study include an investigation of the neutral pose of the scye bearings in Earth gravity, an analysis of the angular range of motion observed for the right scye bearing, and the development of a heuristic model to predict scye bearing position and orientation as a function of known arm pose. ANALYSIS OF SCYE BEARING MOTION AS APPLICABLE TO THE DESIGN OF A MORPHING SPACESUIT
Numerical study of upstream and downstream regions of one dimensional detonation wave in a dusty gas medium

In detonative combustion very high temperatures are attained by the burned gases. As a result, a large amount of thermal energy is produced during the combustion process. This heat can affect the state of the unburned fuel through radiation of heat from the burned gases. In this study a one-dimensional model was deemed appropriate to gain insight into the fundamental structure of the detonation wave. In this model, the detonation wave divides the fluid stream into an upstream region, consisting of fuel and oxidant, and a downstream region, consisting of burned gases. A set of computer programs, some developed during the present work and others developed by other investigators, were used in combination. These codes, when used in conjunction with an appropriate chemical reaction mechanism, can work for most gaseous fuel/oxidant mixtures. Ethane-air, methane-air, syngas-air and acetylene-oxygen mixtures, seeded with solid carbon particles, were used. Variation in flow properties were obtained for both the unburned and burned regions. The temperature levels observed in the burned region supports the previous statement regarding high thermal energy generation. The flame structure of the detonation wave region was studied. To study the effect of radiative heating in the unburned upstream region, appropriate emissivity and absorptivity models from literature were used. Carbon particles have a significant role in the upstream side, and as the results reveal, they have a relatively higher heat absorbing capacity than the gaseous components. A study of the amount of burned gas considered represented by the path length in evaluating the amount of heat radiated was also done to understand its effect on the upstream side.
Ideal human beingfrom the perspective of western thinkers and the fundamental reform document of Iran’s education

The ideal human being as proposed by the fundamental reform document of education (FRDE) of Islamic Republic of Iran has certain differences by the human being proposed by the developed Western nations. It is because of the fact that from the Western stance, the ideal human being is only juxtaposed in terms of economic and practical capacities and not for their ethical and religious aspects. In the ideal human being in reform document is all the way considered and nurtured by the ethical and religious respects and its main parameters are Advocacy of justice, responsibility, will and rationality. Thus, in terms of the perfect human being, the main points of the two educational structures (in Iran and the West) are about the limited ethical criteria of responsibility. KeywoRds: Ideal human being, Developed human being, Fundamental reform document of education, Iran
Genetic expression programming for prediction of heat of hydration of the blended cements

This study presents a new approach based on Genetic Expression Programming (GEP) for modeling of variation of heat of hydration of Portland and blended cements. For that purpose, two different GEP models were developed to generate two mathematical equations. In the GEP Model 1, six input parameters such as the ground blast furnace slag replacement ratio (GBFS), ground basaltic pumice replacement ratio (GBP), clinker and gypsum ratio (CG), cement fineness (CF), grinding type (GT) and time (T) were used. In GEP Model 2, three input parameters such as cement fineness (CF), grinding type (GT) and time (T) were used. The results were highly promising in terms of training performances and prediction accuracies and revealed that the proposed GEP models can be used in the prediction of heat of hydration of blended cements. Key words: Cement, heat of hydration, genetic expression programming.
First‐order statistics for finite bandwidth multipath signals with and without frequency or phase modulation

The phase‐random model of multipath acoustic propagation is used to derive the first‐order probability densities for the time rate‐of‐change of the short time average mean‐square pressure ? , and the time rate‐of‐change of the level in decibels of the short time average mean‐square pressure ? It is shown that the probability densities for the signal amplitude, and amplitude rate are insensitive to frequency or phase modulation of the signal by the source, but that the density for the time rate‐of‐change of the multipath phase ? , is sensitive to such modulation. Because the finite bandwidths of acoustic signals can be modeled by uniform frequency modulation, the analysis presented applies to this problem as well. It is shown that bandwidth effects can be neglected only if B≪2ν, where B is the signal bandwidth, and ν2 is the single path mean‐square phase rate. This inequality provides a useful definition of what is meant by ’’narrow band’’ as it applies to phase‐random multipath propagation. It is also show.
Promoting reflective dialogue through group analysis of student feedback

This paper describes an activity intended to promote scholarship of teaching through small-group discussion of feedback from students. There is a paucity of literature on group reflection of student feedback which this paper aims to address. Reflection on teaching is often a lone activity but this Australian Learning and Teaching Council (ALTC) supported project afforded the opportunity for group reflection by teachers from five institutions during our first project workshop. To provide the data for group analysis, students from the participating institutions completed a survey designed by the project team. A workshop activity was devised in which groups analysed the qualitative survey responses and derived principles for learning and teaching based on their reflection. Evaluation of the activity included workshop participant evaluation forms, feedback from the ALTC project team and evaluator; and the principles developed during the activity. A notable measure of the activity’s impact is that most participants stated that as a result of the workshop, of which this activity was a significant part, they intended to change something about their own teaching.
Adaptive Impedance Control for Robot Based on Estimation of Environmental Parameters

In order to realize precise contact tasks with an unknown environment, robotic force controllers have to adapt themselves to the unknown environment. Some impedance controllers are designed for several representative environmental parameters, A BP neural network is proposed to determine the one-to-one mapping relations between the environmental parameters and the impedance parameters. However, it is difficult to accurately know the environmental parameters in the case of a changing environment, RLS is proposed to estimate environmental parameters, then determine the impedance coefficients to control the robot. Simulations prove that the controller designed is feasible and effective.
Estimation of Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Chinese Cabbage Using Eddy Covariance in Northwest China

Chinese cabbage is a key vegetable crop in northwest China. It is of great significance to study the evapotranspiration (ET) and crop coefficient (Kc) for agricultural water-saving management in this area. Eddy covariance (EC) was used to measure the ET and Kc of Chinese cabbage in northwest China from 1 May to 16 October 2020, in order to analyze the characteristics of these variables under plastic mulch. The results showed that the average Kc of the first crop of cabbage was higher in the middle and late stages, with values of 1.08 and 1.09 during the heading and maturity stages, respectively. The average Kc of the second crop of cabbage was higher in the middle stage, with values of 1.10 and 1.13 during the rosette and heading stages, respectively. The average annual Kc of Chinese cabbage was 0.81. Although Kc was higher in the middle and late periods, the water use efficiency was still 28.96 kg·ha−1·mm−1. The annual ET of Chinese cabbage was 505.3 mm. The study revealed the variation pattern of ET and Kc of Chinese cabbage, which provides an important scientific basis for the irrigation management of Chinese cabbage and is of great significance to guide the practice of water-saving vegetable planting.
New Low-Temperature Performance-Grading Method

Mechanical measurements on asphalt binders to determine the performance grade of the low-temperature specification are typically carried out with a bending beam rheometer (BBR). The BBR test requires considerable material to fabricate a specimen (approximately 15 g per beam). The relatively large amount of asphalt binder required for the BBR limits its applications. The BBR is difficult to apply to extracted asphalt binder or to other situations in which there is a limited amount of binder, for example, residue from emulsions. This paper proposes an alternate mechanical test to the BBR to determine low-temperature PG. Only approximately 25 mg of asphalt binder are required to perform a test. The test employs 4-mm-diameter parallel plates on a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and includes a correction for machine compliance. This correction allows testing to −40°C. A low-temperature specification from the 4-mm rheometry is suggested by the establishment of a correlation between BBR creep stiffness data and DSR stress relaxation data. The shear stress relaxation data used in this work were interconverted from dynamic frequency sweep data. A strong linear correlation was observed between BBR and DSR data from 11 asphalt binders.
Modelling and control of a multi-stage interleaved DC-DC converter with coupled inductors for super-capacitor energy storage system

Interleaved converters with coupled inductors are widely used to share load current in high power applications. It offers high equivalent switching frequency and reduced output current ripples using small size magnetic components. Owing to smaller common-mode inductance, control system can be designed to achieve fast dynamic response. This study proposes eight-channel interleaved DC/DC converter for interfacing super-capacitor energy storage system to a 400 V DC voltage bus. Multi-stage interleaving magnetic circuit with two-phase coupling inductor as a building block is proposed. A methodology is developed to construct the model of the multi-stage magnetic circuit from the basic two-phase coupled inductor model. The derived model is successfully used to evaluate the system power losses and to design the magnetic circuit parameters and its current controller to fulfil the DC/DC converter steady state and dynamic performance specifications. A 20 kW/four stage/8-channel DC/DC converter laboratory prototype has been built to connect a super-capacitor stack to 400 V DC voltage bus. Experimental investigation validates the modelling, the system losses calculations and the design specifications of the system.
Numerical Modeling and Ocean Testing of a Direct-Drive Wave Energy Device Utilizing a Permanent Magnet Linear Generator for Power Take-Off

For the past several years an inter-disciplinary research group at Oregon State University (OSU), working in conjunction with Columbia Power Technologies (CPT) has been researching innovative direct-drive wave energy systems. These systems simplify the conversion of wave energy into electricity by eliminating intermediate energy conversion processes. In support of this research OSU and CPT have developed a hybrid numerical/physical modeling approach utilizing a large scale linear test bed (LTB), and a commercial coupled analysis tool. This paper will present an overview of this modeling approach and its application to the design of a 10kW prototype wave energy conversion system that was tested in the open ocean in the fall of 2008. The data gathered during ocean testing was used to calibrate the numerical model of the device and predict the energy capture potential of the system.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Order BLATTODEA

The Blattodea comprise the termites (epifamily Termitoidae only) and the cockroaches (all other taxa). 7570 living species of Blattodea are currently recognised, of which 2929 are termites (Krishna et al. 2013) and 4641 are cockroaches (Beccaloni 2007) .
Statistical Damage Prognosis for In-Service Civil Structures against Hazards: Formulations and Applications

AbstractThis paper proposes an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm embedded statistical damage prognosis paradigm for in-service civil structures against natural hazards. Being within the scope of structural health monitoring, damage prognosis examines the future safety performance of existing structures given relevant damage diagnosis results that reveal the current health condition of the structures under investigation. The damage diagnosis results, which constitute a prerequisite for a reasonably accurate damage prognosis, may in reality turn out to be incomplete owing to various on-site or off-site operation issues. Instead of working on measures to help preclude any data missingness event, this study focuses on exploring an innovative approach, namely for the purpose of damage prognosis striving to make the most of the damage diagnosis results that have become incomplete. The proposed EM algorithm embedded damage prognosis paradigm comprises two sets of procedures, i.e., prognosis validation and .