Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of a Pre-Corrected Fast Fourier Transform Accelerated Multi-Layer Boundary Element Method for the Simulation of Shallow Water Acoustic Propagation

Because of the complexities associated with the domain geometry and environments, accurate prediction of acoustics propagation and scattering in realistic shallow water environments by direct numerical simulation is challenging. Based on the pre-corrected Fast Fourier Transform (PFFT) method, we accelerated the classical boundary element method (BEM) to predict the acoustic propagation in a multi-layer shallow water environment. The classical boundary element method formulate the acoustics propagation problem as a linear equation system in the form of [A]{x}={b}, where [A] is an N×N dense matrix composed of influence coefficients. Solving such linear equation system requires O(N2/N3) computational cost for iterative/direct methods. The developed method, PFFT-BEM, can effectively reduce the computational efforts for direct numerical simulations from O(N2~3) to O(Nlog N), where N is the total number of boundary unknowns. To numerically simulate the sound propagation in a shallow water environment, we applied the first-order non-reflecting boundary condition in the truncated numerical domain boundary to eliminate the errors due to reflected waves. Multi-layer coupled formulation was used to include the environment inhomogeneity in PFFT-BEM. Through multiple convergence tests on the number of layers and elements, we validated and quantified the accuracy of PFFT-BEM. To demonstrate the usefulness and capability of the developed PFFT-BEM, we simulated three-dimensional (3D) underwater sound propagation through 3D geometries to check the efficacy of the established classical method: the 3D Parabolic equation model. Finally, PFFT-BEM was employed to simulate sound propagation through a complex multi-layer shallow water environment with internal waves. The “3D+T” results obtained by PFFT-BEM compared well with the physical test, thereby proving the capability and correctness of this method.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Selected Boraginales

Boraginales with approximately 2700 species comprise Boraginaceae s.str. (1500 species), Hydrophyllaceae s.str. (250 species), Heliotropiaceae (500 species), Cordiaceae (300 species), and Ehretiaceae (150 species). The relationships of these subordinate taxa of Boraginales can be largly clarified. The identification of homologous regions in the ITS1 transcript based on its secondary structure helps to optimise alignments and, therefore, renders a molecular analysis at higher taxonomical levels possible. Boraginaceae s.str. are the sistergroup of a clade comprising Hydrophyllaceae s.str. , Heliotropiaceae, Cordiaceae, and Ehretiaceae based both on molecular and on morphological data. Furthermore, Heliotropiaceae, Cordiaceae, and Ehretiaceae constitute a monophyletic group (Primarily Woody Boraginales) based on common derived characters (multilayered endocarp, transfer cells in the seed coat) supported by molecular data. Within the Primarily Woody Boraginales, Heliotropiaceae, Cordiaceae, and Ehretiaceae are monophyletic, and Cordiaceae (possibly including Coldenia ) and Ehretiaceae (including the former Lennoaceae, Lennoa and Pholisma ) appear to be sistergroups. The phylogeny of Cordiaceae is partly resolved with Cordia and Varronia as sistergroups. Cordia segregates into three monophyletic assemblages, the subclades Collococcus , Myxa , and Sebestena . Molecular (ITS1) and morphological data (wood anatomy, pollen surface) indicate a systematic placement of Auxemma , Patagonula , and Saccellium (the remainder of Cordiaceae) in the Sebestena subclade of Cordia . Sequences of the trn L_UAA intron recognise the following monophyletic taxa as representatives of a monophyletic taxon Ehretiaceae: Bourreria , Ehretia (including Carmona , Rotula , and probably also Cortesia based on fruit anatomy), Halgania , Lennoa , Lepidocordia , Pholisma , Rochefortia , and Tiquilia . Time estimates suggest an origin of all major taxa of Boraginales in the mid Cretaceous. Yet, plate tectonics as separations event seem to play a minor role in the historical biogeography of Heliotropiaceae, Cordiaceae, and Ehretiaceae. Most disjunctions in the Primarily Woody Boraginales are best explained by long-distance dispersal based on the abundant occurrence of drupaceous fruits with their potential for endozoochoria. %%%%Die Boraginales (etwa 2700 Arten) umfassen die Boraginaceae s.str. (1500 Arten), Hydrophyllaceae s.str. (250 Arten), Heliotropiaceae (500 Arten), Cordiaceae (300 Arten) und Ehretiaceae (150 Arten). Die Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen dieser ranghohen Taxa der Boraginales sind teilweise geklart worden. Die Identifikation homologer Regionen des ITS1 Transkripts mit Hilfe einer Untersuchung der Sekundarstruktur hilft bei der Optimierung von Alignments und ermaglicht den Einsatz dieses Markers auch auf hoherem taxonomischen Niveau. …
Burial Diagenesis and Tectonism Inferred From Paleomagnetism and Magnetic Fabrics in the Wolfcamp Shale, Midland Basin, Texas, USA

An integrated rock magnetic, paleomagnetic, geochemical, and electron microscopy study was performed on three cores penetrating the Wolfcamp Shale interval in the Midland Basin, West Texas. This work presents a temporally constrained diagenetic history of the Wolfcamp Shale, refines our understanding of tectonic influences in the Midland Basin, and postulates an interplay of late diagenetic processes that may contribute to the formation of authigenic magnetite on the surfaces of chlorite/illite. Paleomagnetic results indicate a well constrained, lithofacies independent, Jurassic‐aged chemical remanent magnetization carried by SD‐PSD magnetite. 1D basin modeling suggests that the Jurassic chemical remanent magnetization occurred within the oil window (100–120 °C) during a tectonically quiescent phase. Burial temperatures, electron microscopy, and inorganic geochemistry provide lines of evidence for maturation/migration of hydrocarbons, dissolution of carbonates, and chloritization/illitization. We interpret that the interaction of these processes may have created conditions suitable for the neoformation of magnetite on the surfaces of chlorite/illite. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) fabrics are carried by paramagnetic clays, and ferroan dolomite is observed in all cores. Geographically corrected data show NE‐SW lineations among normal AMS fabrics and streaked inverse AMS fabrics trending NW‐SE. Textural observations indicate that authigenic ferroan dolomite formed in undercompacted conditions and likely behaved as passive structural markers. The orientation of AMS fabrics and the relative timing of ferroan dolomite authigenesis suggest that layer‐parallel shorting occurred shortly after the deposition of the Wolfcamp Shale and likely corresponds with the timing of Marathon‐Ouachita suturing.
Characterizing the invasive potential of ornamental plants.

The substantial economic and ecological costs of invasive plant management and removal warrant aggressive eradication and prevention programs. Ornamental horticulture has been recognized as the fastest growing segment of U.S. Agriculture, as well as the main source of plant invasions worldwide. Florida ranks second among U.S. states in the degree of ecosystem devastation as a result of exotic invasive species. Cultivated or improved forms of a number of the ornamental species listed as invasive by Florida’s Exotic Pest Plant Council have been selected for their attractive flower color, plant form, foliage, drought tolerance, or cold hardiness. As the cultivars are generally propagated vegetatively, relatively little is known about their pollination biology, seed production, seed viability and growth rate under varying conditions. To identify safe alternatives to ornamental invasives, researchers at the University of Florida have evaluated numerous cultivars of Mexican petunia (Ruellia tweediana), privet (Ligustrum spp.), fountain grass (Pennisetum spp.), porterweed (Stachytarpheta spp.), heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica), and lantana (Lantana camara). These species are not only problematic in Florida, but highly invasive in other parts of the world. Research efforts are underway to identify and evaluate sterile non-invasive forms of lantana, heavenly bamboo, and Mexican petunia.
Acute Coronary Syndrome Occurring in a Sub-Saharan Patient Treated with a Reduced Dose of Sorafenib for an Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Case Report

Sorafenib is a chemotherapy used as first line treatment in primary liver cancers. It is an oral antiangiogenic treatment which reduces the progression of the tumor. Some mild or severe side effects have been reported among which some uncommon cardiac events: myocardial infarction and cardiogenic stroke. Sorafenib treatment remains expensive and not frequently used in Sub-Saharan countries. Thus, few studies have described its side effects in this milieu. We report a case of acute coronary syndrome occurring in a 75-year-old female patient, without cardiovascular risks factors, after nine months of sorafenib chemotherapy at a reduced dose for an unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in a Sub-Saharan Africa country. The management was conducted by cardiologists, in collaboration with gastroenterologists and oncologists. We decided to completely stop sorafenib chemotherapy. We observed a reduction of the pain 48 hours after her admission, and a regression of electrocardiographic signs after 8 days. In conclusion, the sorafenib treatment can be associated with cardiac events despite the dose reduction.
A Systematic Review of the Influence of Taxation on Corporate Capital Structure

Purpose: The aim of this paper is a systematic review of the corporate finance literature on tax and capital structure since the complexity of legislation on taxation. It is a challenge for to researchers to understand the influence of this legislation on corporate financing. Approach/Methodology/Design: A systematic review is a useful and important tool to check what has being studied and what are the gaps on the specific subject. Therefore, the study provides an examination of a sample of 33 most cited articles in the period from 2013 to 2017 that have been published in the main international financial journals. It is assumed that this analysis is sufficiently robust to support and contribute to the knowledge gaps identification. Findings: It presents the most relevant papers about the influence of taxes on corporate capital structure, classifies and codifies the various characteristics of these articles, describes the strengths and the weaknesses of the studies in the available literature, and provides an agenda and a research framework to address the key gaps in the current knowledge on the theme. Practical Implications: The study will contribute positively to the understanding of foreign direct investment for the governments, world organizations, academia, companies and investors. Originality/Value: To the best of the authors´ knowledge, this is the first systematic review identifying what is missing in the literature on taxation and capital structure.
Building rural wealth through a value chain approach

ABSTRACT Rural wealth creation is a salient approach to local economic development. This paper advances the implementation of this practice by documenting how targeted business investments within a value chain built multiple forms of wealth. We provide exploratory evidence of how consideration of value chain gaps, wealth-building opportunities, potential for expansion, and an emphasis on improved livelihoods can prioritize the allocation of resources to support businesses. We further show how modest investments into targeted businesses built multiple forms of wealth throughout a value chain. Our results provide examples of how to implement the rural wealth creation concepts and a refined understanding of how to target business assistance in ways that build multiple forms of community capital.
Submersisphaeria palmae sp. nov. with a key to species, and notes on Helicoubisia

Submersisphaeria palmae sp. nov. with a key to species, and notes on Helicoubisia. - Sydowia 56 (1): 72-78. Submersisphaeria palmae sp. nov. is described and illustrated from petioles, rachides and trunks of palms at Sirindhorn Peat Swamp Forest, Narathiwat, in southern Thailand. This species has much smaller ascospores than most previously described species. A key to the five accepted species is given and S. palmae is compared with the most similar taxa. Helicoubisia coronata was collected from the palm, Eleiodoxa conferta, also in the Peat Swamp Forest. Helicoubisia is characterised by erect conidiophores bearing discrete, polyblastic conidiogenous cells at the apex and coiled, pale brown conidia. Helicoubisia and Moorella are discussed and M. monocephala is relegated to synonymy of H. coronata.
Anisotropic Plasmonic Nanostructure Induced Polarization Photoresponse for MoS2‐Based Photodetector

Techniques that give anisotropic properties to 2D materials with isotropic crystal structures will enable 2D material based photodetectors to possess polarization sensitivity in the detection of polarization, which will greatly improve the spatial resolution of photodetectors. Here, an MoS2‐based polarization photodetector induced by anisotropic plasmonic nanostructure is prepared. The integrating anisotropic plasmonic structures on a few‐layer MoS2 nanosheet can induce polarization photoresponse and enhance the responsivity of MoS2 device at the same time. The ratio of the maximum to minimum photocurrents reached 1.45 along two perpendicular polarizations. It proves that anisotropic nanostructure induced polarization sensitivity will pave a new way for the fabrication of polarization photodetectors.
FOREX and equity markets spillover effects among USA, Brazil, Italy, Germany and Canada in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis

In this paper, we investigate the spillover effects of forex and equity markets in USA, Brazil, Italy, Germany, and Canada using daily data. Using AR-dialog BEKR model we tested for the contagion & co-movement effect in equity markets during the post financial crises period of 2010-2018. The estimated dynamic conditional correlations show the strongest contagion effects for the pairs of markets as follows: S&P500-BOVESPA, S&P500-FTSEMIB, S&P500-DAX30 and S&P500-S&PTSX. For institutions, multinational corporations, and active investors, a portfolio consisting of financial assets from the above markets is extremely risky.
American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) Serum Inhibits Pitviper Venom Metalloproteinases

Abstract. American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) are known to consume venomous Pit Viper snakes, apparently with no ill effects. Alligators handle venomous and nonvenomous snakes similarly during consumption, indicating that alligators may possess a physiological resistance to venom. In our study, we tested the ability of alligator blood sera to inhibit the activity of two of the primary toxins in Eastern Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) venom, hemolytic toxins and snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMP). Specifically, we compared relative venom activity following incubation with alligator sera to a venom-only control as well as venom incubated with serum from a species lacking venom resistance (House Mouse; Mus musculus). In comparison to controls, alligator sera significantly reduced SVMP activity, although we observed no effect of alligator sera on hemolytic activity. Interestingly, we detected individual variation with respect to hemolytic activity such that inhibition was positively related with both alligator length and body condition. Our results provide evidence that alligator serum is capable of inhibiting at least one of the primary toxins present in pit viper venom.
Immunotherapies and Vaccines

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was first isolated in 1983 by Barre-Sinoussi and Gallo in parallel at two independent institutions (Barre-Sinoussi, Chermann et al. 1983; Gallo, Sarin et al. 1983). The following year, HIV was established as the causative agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Given such a monumental discovery, there were expectations that an effective vaccine or treatment was not far from being marketed. Unfortunately these expectations have yet to become reality and HIV has become a global epidemic. In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 33.3 million individuals worldwide were living with HIV/AIDS (World Health Organization 2009). The discovery of HIV as the causative agent of AIDS stimulated many areas of basic virological and immunological research. Researchers continue to stress the need for more integrated approaches for development of HIV antiviral treatments and vaccines. In this chapter, the viral and immune challenges, criteria for evaluating clinical studies, candidate therapies and vaccines will be reviewed.
Influence of mechanical weeding and fertilisation on perennial weeds, fungal diseases, soil structure and crop yield in organic spring cereals

ABSTRACT There is a need both in organic farming and on farms using integrated pest management for non-chemical measures that control the perennial weed flora. The effect of mechanical weeding and fertilisation on perennial weeds, fungal diseases and soil structure were evaluated in two different experiments in spring cereals. Experiment I included six strategies. The first strategy was (1) without specific measures against perennial weeds. The other strategies encompassed one or two seasonal control measures; (2) rhizome/root cutting with minimal soil disturbance in autumn, (3) hoeing with 24 cm row spacing, (4) combined hoeing and disc harrowing in autumn, (5) ‘KvikUp’ harrowing in spring, and (6) ‘KvikUp’ harrowing in spring and autumn. Experiment II included factor (i) inter-row hoeing and (ii) fertilisation level. This experiment included the comparison between normal row spacing (12 cm) with weed harrowing versus double row spacing (=24 cm) in combination with inter-row hoeing and 4 fertilisation levels (50–200 kg N ha−1). In experiment I the strategies consisting of no or one direct weed control measure (1, 2, 3 and 5) clearly did not control the perennial weeds. The two seasonal control measures (4 and 6) gave a satisfactory weed control and highest crop yield. The combination of best weed control and no measured harmful effects on soil structure or increase of fungal diseases may explain the highest yields for these strategies. In Experiment II, hoeing and 24 cm spacing gave less perennial biomass compared to 12 cm spacing. Grain yields increased linearly with increasing nitrogen input. The study shows that both inter-row hoeing and weed harrows, are important elements in integrated pest management practice and organic farming. In addition, our results indicate that efficient mechanical weeding is possible without harmful effects in crop rotation consisting of various spring cereals as regards soil structure and plant health.
Ship Loading Influence on the Slamming Impact of Typical Sections of an S-175 Container Ship

This paper investigates the influence of ship-loading condition on slamming during water entry. Three typical sections of the S-175 container ship, namely the bow, parallel middle body and stern, under three different loading conditions are studied. Full-sized models are established and simulated by commercial software LS-DYNA based on the explicit finite element method (FEM) using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) algorithm. At first, validation is carried out by simulating the Wave Induced Loads on Ships Joint Industry Project II (WILS JIP-II) ship section entering the water and by verifying that the response is in good agreement with published experimental data. Then, nine different cases with three typical sections of the container ship and three different loadings, including the no-load (lightship weight), half-load and full-load weights of the ship, are investigated. Finally, the influence of the ship loading and sectional shape on the water impacts is analyzed and discussed. The present study is useful for the analysis of loading effects on ship slamming at the early stage of ship design.
Satellite image super-resolution based on progressive residual deep neural network

Abstract. Satellite remote sensing has wide applications in many fields. However, the quality of the observed images captured from the satellite sensors exhibits significant variances and most images are low resolution. Therefore, they adversely affect the system performance in a variety of real-world applications such as object recognition and analysis. In order to enhance the resolution of remote sensing images, we propose a super-resolution neural network called progressive residual depth neural network (PRDNN). The progressive residual structure used by PRDNN can gradually discover the feature information of satellite images at different levels and different receptive fields, thus providing more detailed features for reconstructing super-resolution satellite images. The experimental results of the DOTA satellite image database demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to the most advanced super-resolution algorithm in recent years.
Effective minority carrier lifetime in double-sided macroporous silicon

In this paper, we showed that the effective lifetime of minority charge carriers in double-sided macroporous silicon is determined from a system of two transcendental equations. This system of equations is transformed into a system of equations for determining the effective lifetime of minority charge carriers for monocrystalline silicon in the absence of macropores. The system of equations was found by solving the diffusion equation for minority carriers, recorded for two macroporous layers and a monocrystalline substrate between them. The solution of the nonstationary diffusion equation written for two layers of macroporous silicon and a monocrystalline substrate between them are complemented with boundary conditions on the surfaces of the sample of macroporous silicon and on the boundary between each macroporous layer and monocrystalline substrate. The effective lifetime of minority carriers in the double-sided macroporous silicon depends on such values as: the bulk lifetime of minority carriers, diffusion coefficient of minority carriers, and thickness of the monocrystalline substrate between macroporous layers. In addition, the effective lifetime depends on the values inherent to each macroporous layer: the depth of the macropores, average diameter of macropores, average distance between the centers of macropores, volume fraction of macropores, rate of surface recombination. Effective recombination of excess charge carriers in the double-sided macroporous silicon is defined by recombination of excess charge carriers on the surface of macropores and limited by diffusion of charge carriers from the monocrystalline substrate to recombination surfaces in each macroporous layer. We calculated the effective lifetime of minority carriers in the double-sided macroporous silicon depending on the depth of macropores. We used a numerical method to verify the accuracy of calculations performed using the system of analytical equations, which defines the effective lifetime of minority charge carriers in the double-sided macroporous silicon. The numerical method showed the coincidence of calculations aimed at the effective lifetime of minority carriers. We observed a discrepancy of calculations, when the sum of the depths of macropores in two macroporous layers is close to the thickness of macroporous silicon sample.