Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of stress and depression on quality of life of pharmacy students in Malaysia

Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of stress and depression among pharmacy students, evaluate their health related quality of life (HRQoL) in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among pharmacy students at eight universities from March to May 2020 across Malaysia. Instruments adopted in the survey included perceived stress scale 4 (PSS-4) for stress, patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression and WHOQOL-BREF for health-related quality of life. Results: A total of 441 students participated in the study. The overall PSS-4 score mean was 7.30 and the differences in PHQ-9 scores mean between public and private universities were not significant. A positive correlation was observed between total PSS-4 scores and PHQ-9 scores. Only 24.5% of pharmacy students reported a good quality of life, with a median score of 96.00. A Significant negative correlation was found between stress and depression against the quality of life. Conclusions: Stress and depression play a significant role in deteriorating the quality of life of pharmacy students. This highlighted the importance of future research in developing useful interventions to improve the quality of life of university students, especially students from the medical and health science fields.
Long-Term Land-Use/Land-Cover Change Increased the Landscape Heterogeneity of a Fragmented Temperate Forest in Mexico

The temperate forests of northern Mexico possess a great diversity of unique and endemic species, with the greatest associations of pine-oak in the planet occurring within them. However, the ecosystems in this region had experienced an accelerated fragmentation process in the past decades. This study described and quantified the landscape fragmentation level of a degraded watershed located in this region. For that, data from the Landsat series from 1990, 2005 and 2017, classified with the Support Vector Machine method, were used. The landscape structure was analyzed based on six metrics applied at both, the landscape and class levels. Results show considerable gains in surface area for the land use land cover change (LULC) of secondary forest while the Primary Forest (PF) lost 18.1% of its area during 1990–2017. The PF increased its number of patches from 7075 to 12,318, increased its patch density (PD) from 53.51 to 58.46 # of patches/100 ha, and reduced its average patch size from 39.21 to 15.05 ha. This made the PF the most fragmented LULC from the 5 LULCs evaluated. In this study, strong fluctuations in edge density and PD were registered, which indicates the forests of northern Mexico have experienced a reduction in their productivity and have been subjected to a continuous degradation process due to disturbances such as fires, clandestine and non-properly controlled logging, among others.
Genomic evaluations using data recorded on smallholder dairy farms in low- to middle-income countries

Graphical Abstract Summary: This study quantified the power of genomic information to enable genetic evaluation for smallholder dairy farmers in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Stochastic simulations were used to generate pedigree, genotype, and trait information for populations with weak genetic connectedness and small herd sizes, reflecting the structure of LMIC dairy cattle datasets. Genomic and pedigree-based evaluations were compared on the accuracy of estimated breeding values for cows with own phenotypes.
On applicability of MQ-RPIM and MLPG meshless methods with 3D extended-enriched base functions for estimation of mode I stress intensity factor and fatigue crack growth in cyclic tensile and bending load of an un-notched and notched shaft

In this study, a numerical meshless method is used to solve the weak form of the linear elastic equations in solid mechanics. Evaluation and comparison of the numerical meshless methods have been carried out via the radial point interpolation meshless method with multi-quadrics base functions (MQ-RPIM) and meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method (MLPG). Using these two methods, stress intensity factors in an elastic medium containing geometric discontinuities and cracks are estimated based on tensile and bending cyclic loading. The analysis domain has been identified via three-dimensional modeling of the notched and un-notched shafts with an initial surface semi-elliptical crack subjected to tensile or bending cyclic loadings. To enhance the accuracy of calculations, the RPIM meshless method is applied using polynomial and extended-enriched 3D base functions. Shape functions have been developed using standard and optimal parameters and values with Mono-Objective Function in PSO algorithm. In the MLPG meshless method with the extended-enriched functions, discretization is performed via direct and penalty factor methods, to reach more efficient results and meet the boundary conditions. Efficiency comparison of the selected numerical methods with the experimental findings and the numerical analysis of finite elements method indicates that in comparison with the MLPG method, MQ-RPIM enriched meshless method can be utilized with fewer nodes in the analysis domain while reaching the accuracy and convergence with lower stress intensity factors and gentler slope. However, the processing time of the MLPG meshless method is lower than that of the other methods.
Village governance, social cohesion and contentment with social assistance in Northern China

ABSTRACT The Chinese government’s legitimacy rests on ensuring the contentment of its people and avoiding social instability. In achieving these goals, the government has been massively aided by rising living standards and perhaps by reduced poverty. However, little is known about the contribution of poverty alleviation to political contentment. Therefore, ethnographic research was conducted in eight villages to explore attitudes to social assistance (dibao), a key component in poverty alleviation. Village cadres prioritized social cohesion over poverty relief in administering dibao. Nevertheless, cohesion varied markedly between villages, interacting with styles of village governance, to influence villagers’ (dis-)satisfaction with dibao.
Structural Phase Transition and Related Thermoelectric Properties in Sn Doped AgBiSe2

AgBiSe2, which exhibits complex structural phase transition behavior, has recently been considered as a potential thermoelectric material due to its intrinsically low thermal conductivity. In this work, we investigate the crystal structure of Sn-doped AgBiSe2 through powder X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. A stable cubic Ag1−x/2Bi1−x/2SnxSe2 phase can be obtained at room temperature when the value of x is larger than 0.2. In addition, the thermoelectric properties of Ag1−x/2Bi1−x/2SnxSe2 (x = 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35) are investigated, revealing that Ag1−x/2Bi1−x/2SnxSe2 compounds are intrinsic semiconductors with a low lattice thermal conductivity. This work provides new insights into the crystal structure adjustment of AgBiSe2 and shows that Ag1−x/2Bi1−x/2SnxSe2 is a potentially lead-free thermoelectric material candidate.
Adoption and Ex-post Impact of Agricultural Technologies on Rural Poverty: Evidence from Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Abstract This study examines the impacts of multiple agricultural technology adoption on poverty in rural Amhara region, Ethiopia. The study is based on Ethiopian socio economic survey of 2015/16. A total of 656 farm households were included. The study employed Multinomial Logit model to identify the determinants of adoption and Multinomial Endogenous Switching Models to measure the effect of adoption on poverty. The results revealed that educational level of the household head, family size, off-farm participation, livestock, extension visit, credit access, advisory service, plot distance, distance from market, distance from zonal town, and remittances are the major determinants of agricultural technology adoption decisions. The impact results revealed that adoption of multiple technologies increases consumption expenditure significantly, thereby reduces poverty. Moreover, adoption in package provides higher consumption than in isolation. Therefore, the study suggests that policies that promote wider adoption of alternative agricultural technologies at the regional and country level help to reduce poverty.
Effect of Banana Waste Biochar on Physiological Responses and Growth of Seashore Paspalum

The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of banana waste biochar on the physiological traits and growth of Paspalum vaginatum under three water treatments (100%, 80%, and 60% of the water holding capacity (WHC) of the soil). A plastic pot experiment was done for the germination of paspalum vaginatum. The treatments were the addition of compost, banana waste biochar, or banana waste biochar and compost combination to the soil. We used multiple factor analysis (MFA) to reveal the relationship between the effect of banana waste biochar and the three water regimes on physiological data. The findings revealed that banana waste biochar had an important impacts on all traits under various water supply conditions. The photon yield of PSII of control treatment at three water regimes had the lowest response compared to amended treatments. Changes were observed in chlorophyll pigment among different treatments.
Using Rhodamine B to assess the movement of small mammals in an urban slum

The small mammals, especially rats are pest species that are present in cities world‐wide. The rat moves around and into residences and other anthropogenic structures. It is especially ubiquitous in urban slums and a threat to infrastructure and public health due to the pathogens it carries and transmits. Effective control of rat populations in most urban areas has been unsuccessful, despite several rodent control efforts. Limited information about rat movement distance has hindered identification of control units and effective scales at which to enact control during interventions. We evaluated the suitability of Rhodamine B, a non‐toxic biomarker, for assessing the distance travelled by rats in urban slums. We tracked rats over two campaigns between 2019 and 2020. Overall, 27.9% of trapped rats showed signs of Rhodamine B in their whiskers under fluorescence microscope. This shows that our method provides a viable alternative for investigating the movement of small mammals in this area. We found that rats move up to 90 m distance in urban slums, with smaller rats travelling more actively than bigger rats. Information obtained from this study should be useful in guiding efficient rodent control initiatives to reduce the risk of household rodent infestation and rodent‐borne disease in urban slums.
Electrospun flexible lignin/polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofiber and its application in electrode materials for supercapacitors

In this study, a lignin/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite nanofiber membrane is prepared by electrospinning and used as the precursor to prepare flexible carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through pre-oxidation and carbonization. The micromorphology, crystal structure, pore size distribution and specific surface area of the CNFs are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and specific surface adsorption analysis, respectively. The electrochemical properties of the CNF membrane are also investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy due to its potential application in binder-free electrode materials for supercapacitors. We successfully prepared flexible CNFs with an average diameter of about 539 nm and a specific surface area of 1053.78 m2/g when the mass ratio of lignin to PAN was 9:1 in a solution concentration of 28 wt%. The CNFs are loaded onto nickel foam to prepare the electrode materials for supercapacitors without a binder. When the current density is 0.5 A/g, the specific capacitance could be up to 201.27 F/g and the equivalent series resistance is only 0.57 Ω, which shows an excellent electrochemical performance. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of lignin and the preparation of flexible lignin/PAN-based CNFs, but also provides a new type of environmentally friendly raw material for the electrodes of supercapacitors and could be helpful to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution.
MULTIPLE OBJECT DETECTION IN SURVEILLANCE VIDEO WITH DOMAIN ADAPTIVE INCREMENTAL FAST RCNN ALGORITHM

1,2 Department of Computer Science, Sri Ramakrishna college of Arts and Science Coimbatore ,India. Abstract Object detection is one of the key steps in wide variety of surveillance-based applications. This paper introduces an incremental class based Fast RCNN multiple object detection method that can be apply in various domain of surveillance video analytics. The two major components of proposed method are class incremental learning component and domain adaptation component. Class incremental learning helps for incremental adding of object classes with existing object classes for Fast RCNN. Domain adaptation component part improves the detection even the object presents in cross domain. Here basic object classes can be trained initially and then can add new object class incrementally according to new class requirement or according to domain. Benchmark datasets COCO, PETS S2L1, CD2014, Visor dataset were used for training and testing. Experimental results were showed that the proposed approach performs better in video datasets that contains challenges such as illumination variation, presence of shadow, partial occlusion and dynamic background.
The Reimaging of Criminal Justice Education: A Preliminary Study of Students’ Classroom Experiences and Perceptions of Racial Justice

Abstract Race-related issues in criminal justice are often challenging topics to discuss in the classroom because of their sensitivity and complexity. The growing political polarization in the American public and its impact on college students has made the challenges more daunting in higher education. Using an online survey of criminal justice students, this study seeks to understand racial differences in students’ classroom experiences and perceptions of racial justice. Findings suggest that students of color are significantly more likely than their White peers to experience differential treatment in the classroom, express professors’ insensitivity to race-related issues, and indicate stereotypes of people of color in required readings. Non-White students are also more likely than White students to point out Blacks’ vulnerability in racial profiling and criminal punishment. We discuss the implications of these findings and provide suggestions for improving criminal justice education.
Book Review: The Moorad Choudhry Anthology: Past, Present and Future Principles of Banking and Finance, Moorad Choudhry (Wiley Finance; 1st Edition (2018), Pages: 1328)

The banking sector is the lifeblood of an economy as modern economies emerge from well-performing banking systems. Also, an efficient banking sector ensures a stable financial system and the country’s desirable growth. But, unfortunately, the banking sector has gone through extreme crisis shock waves over the last few years. To tackle the risk exposure, bankers, policymakers, academic scholars, and reformers have to have sound knowledge of banking operations to overcome complexities in the banking industry. Hence, there is a widespread need created to understand the mysterious world of the banking industry. In this regard, Professor Moorad Choudhry’s book “The Moorad Choudhry Anthology Past, Present, and Future Principles of Banking and Finance” eminently guides theoretical and practical knowledge of banking to the stakeholders.
Non-Field Analytical Method for Filtration of Slightly Compressible Fluid through Porous Media with Stagnation Areas

In this study the method of Kulish has been used to derive a non-field solution of the equation, which models the process of unsteady filtration of a slightly compressible fluid within a domain consisting of both flow and stagnation areas under the influence of some pressure distribution at the boundary. The solution relates the local values of pressure and the corresponding pressure gradient and is valid everywhere within the domain including the boundary. The solution thus obtained is in the form of a series with respect to generalised differ-integral operators of fractional orders. The solution has been compared with the know solution of the filtration problem with no stagnation areas. Finally, an integral equation to estimate the pressure evolution at the boundary for a given filtration speed has been proposed.
The Effect of Misalignment of CEO Personality and Corporate Governance Structures on Firm Performance

We utilize the IBM Watson Personality Insights service to analyze CEOs’ verbal communication during conference calls to infer CEOs’ Big Five personality traits, which we employ to estimate their risk tolerance levels. We then explore whether the misalignment of CEO risk tolerance and governance structures is associated with company performance. Using a two-stage contingency approach, we test two hypotheses: (1) CEO risk tolerance and corporate governance structures are associated; and (2) misalignment of these structures with risk tolerance is negatively associated with financial performance. Based on a sample of 8208 firm-year observations during 2002–2013, we find support for both predictions. Our results support upper echelons theory and suggest that knowledge about CEOs’ inherent personality traits is important and relevant for governance mechanisms to work effectively.
Model-Free Adaptive Control for Tank Truck Rollover Stabilization

Influenced by lateral liquid sloshing in partially filled tanks, tank vehicles are apt to encounter with rollover accidents. Due to its strong nonlinearity and loading state uncertainty, it has great challenges in tank vehicle active control. Based on the model-free adaptive control (MFAC) theory, the roll stability control problem of tank trucks with different tank shapes and liquid fill percentages is explored. First, tank trucks equipped with cylinder or elliptical cylinder tanks are modelled, and vehicle dynamics is analyzed. This dynamic model is used to provide I/O data in the controlled system. Next, the control objective of tank vehicle rollover stabilization is analyzed and the controlled variable is selected. Subsequently, differential braking and active front steering controller are designed by MFAC algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed controllers is verified by simulation, and difference between the controllers is analyzed. The controller designed by MFAC algorithm is proven to be adaptive to vehicle loading and driving states. The controlled system has great robustness.
Experimental design and Bayesian interpretation

If we take seriously the intent to improve welfare for individuals with experimental interventions, then we must allow that we are also capable of doing harm in terms of welfare. The normative and ethical issues that arise for experimental design and interpretation lead to a derived demand for more economic theory to be used, and rigorous econometric methods. We need to work out how to do behavioral welfare economics in a rigorous and general manner, and we need to consistently apply Bayesian inference methods to avoid the application of dogmatic or ad hoc priors. [90 words] Affiliation: Glenn W. Harrison, C.V. Starr Chair of Risk Management and Insurance, Department of Risk Management and Insurance, and Director, Center for the Economic Analysis of Risk, Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, USA. Harrison is also affiliated with the School of Economics, University of Cape Town, South Africa. ORCID ID: orcid.org/000-0003-1837-8020
Leading open strategizing practices for effective strategy implementation

PurposeImplementing a new organizational strategy effectively nowadays is said to require open strategizing practices. The purpose of this paper is to examine the adoption of three intertwined open strategizing practices in conjunction with a transformational leadership style towards effective strategy implementation.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted within 37 geographically dispersed locations of a Dutch governmental organization. The top managers and senior managers were surveyed at two points in time (n T1 = 548; n T2 = 414) and group interviewed at T2. Exploratory factor and linear regression analyses were performed. The qualitative data pertaining to the specific way in which leaders can impact the relationship between open strategizing practices and strategy implementation was analyzed using the Gioia methodology.FindingsAs hypothesized, transformational leadership moderates the positive relationship between open strategizing practices and effective strategy implementation. This moderating effect was corroborated through the interview data in which the managers stressed the need for “intrinsically motivated” and “empowering” leaders to effectively support the adoption of their own locally-developed location strategy, as part of the overall strategy.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the timely focus on the three intertwined open strategizing practices, the findings are only based on the perceptions of the various top and senior managers employed by one Western public sector organization.Practical implicationsTop and senior managers who need to improve their organization's strategy implementation can apply the here tested three open strategizing practices. They should also be aware of the key role of transformational leadership.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the “open” strategy-as-practice domain by showing how top and senior managers' transformational leadership style supports the beneficial effects of adopting the three practices.
Delivering higher density suburban development: The impact of building design and residents’ attitudes

The urgent need for housing in London will be met almost exclusively through building on brownfield sites. While Inner and suburban Outer London are both home to a range of brownfield sites, the politics of delivering new housing varies between the two. First, Outer London is built at significantly lower density and therefore densification has a more noticeable impact. Second, many residents in Outer London value living at lower density and will see densification as undermining that which they value. Third, homeownership is more common in Outer London and as housing is the most significant asset for most homeowners any threat to its value is likely to be strongly resisted. Our research tests whether design can positively impact both the perception and acceptability of densification. For this, we run a randomised control trial presenting 939 Outer London residents with simulated images representing different design features. We find that the effects of building design are limited and relate almost exclusively to low and medium density options. Our research shows that vernacular design can make some increase in density acceptable but for significantly higher density the influence of design declines. As density increases, the perception and acceptability of density are more influenced by people’s views on, for example, the extent of London’s housing crisis. This indicates that planners and politicians must reach beyond design and seek to better inform and persuade residents about housing need if the impasse on densification is to be overcome.