Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security Evaluation of n-Choose-k-Sum PUFs against Modeling Attacks

A physical unclonable function (PUF) generates hardware intrinsic volatile secrets by exploiting uncontrollable manufacturing randomness. Several PUF candidates use challenge-response pairs (CRPs) to enhance their security. A practically plausible idea for PUF is to use the technique called n-Choose-k-Sum (nCk) structure/topology, exemplified by the memristive device based on strong PUF (mrSPUF). The previous analysis claimed that nCk-PUF is resilient to modeling attacks. This paper provides numerical security evaluations on simulated CRPs – we first construct a mathematical model of nCk-PUF, and then analyze the possibility of modeling attacks using machine learning (ML). Our analysis demonstrates that our modeling attacks could break the unpredictability of nCk-PUF even though the non-linearity of nCk-PUF could be increased due to XOR-operations on its circuit. Our analysis demonstrates that our modeling attacks could break the unpredictability of nCk-PUF even though the non-linearity of nCk-PUF could be increased due to XOR-operations on its circuit. Consequently, our analysis suggest that n-Choose-k-Sum PUFs (including mrSPUF) sharing similar topology could be insecure. It should be careful when utilizing nCk-PUF for strong PUF applications, and it is suggested to add some security blocks to protect the challenge-response interface, such as the Lockdown-PUF with additional random number generator (RNG), TREVERSE with additional Hash.
Effects of the Mixture of Erigeron floribundus (Asteraceae) and Tragia benthamii (Euphorbiaceae) on the Growth and Architecture of Estrogen-Sensitive Sexual Organs

The mixture of Erigeron floribundus and Tragia benthamii (AEMEFTB) is traditionally used against pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and female sexual dysfunctions. In a recent study, we showed that the aqueous extract of the mixture of AEMEFTB suppresses the endometrium growth in rats with experimental endometriosis. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of AEMEFTB on estrogen’s sensitive sexual organs growth and architecture. Immature gonado-intact female rats were randomly distributed into 7 groups of 5 animals each and daily treated during one week with either distilled water (10 ml/kg), refined palm oil (1 ml/kg) or 17β-estradiol (1 μg/day). Plant extract groups received aqueous extract of AEMEFTB at 130 or 260 mg/kg. The remaining groups were co-administered with 17β-estradiol (1 μg) plus 130 or 260 mg/kg of the plant mixture. Moreover, thirty-five immature female rats were bilaterally ovariectomized, then left and treated as before. Five other females, considered as sham animals, orally received distilled water (10 ml/kg). The body weight of each animal was recorded daily and
Basi sReductio nfo rth eShakedow nProble mfor Bounde dKinemati cHardenin gMaterial

Limi tan dshakedow nanalysi sar eeffectiv emethod sfo rassessin gth eloa dcarryin gca- pacit yo fa give nstructure . Th eelasto-plasti cbehavio ro fth estructur esubjecte dt oload svarying i n agive nloa ddomai ni scharacterize db yth eshakedow nloa dfactor ,define da sth emaximum facto rwhic hsatisfie sth esufficien tcondition sstate di nth ecorrespondin gstati cshakedow ntheorem. Th efinit eel emen tdicretizatio no fth eproble mma ylea dt over ylarg econve xoptimization . Fo rthe effectiv esolutio na basi sreductio nmetho dha sbee ndevelope dtha tmake sus eo fth especia lproblem structur efo rperfectl yplasti cmate rial . Th epape rpropose sa modifie dbasi sreductio nmetho dfor direc tapplicatio nt oth etwo-surfac eplastic it ymode lo fbounde dkinemati chardenin gmaterial . The considere dnumerica lexample ssho wa nenlargemen to fth eloa dcarryin gcapacit ydu et obounded hardening. Ke ywords :Basi sreduction ;Conve xoptimization ;FEM ;Shakedow nanalysis
A statistical analysis of the effect of electric vehicle battery charging on distribution system harmonic voltages

This paper presents a statistical method for predicting the effect that widespread electric vehicle (EV) battery charging will have on power distribution system harmonic voltage levels. The method uses a statistical model for nonlinear load currents to generate the probabilities of specific harmonic voltage levels. The statistical model for the harmonic currents produced by a concentration of EVs accounts for partial harmonics cancellation introduced by uncertainty and variation in charger start-time and initial battery state-of-charge. A general solution technique is presented along with several examples using data from a commercially-available EV charger and an actual power distribution system. The results show that there is a definite threshold penetration below which EV charging has negligible impact on the number of buses whose voltage total harmonic distortion (THD/sub V/) exceeds 5%. During the late evening of a summer day, the authors' example distribution system can accommodate EV penetration levels as high as 20%. A similar analysis of the system in the spring or fail indicates that the system can accommodate a 15% EV penetration before THD/sub V/ exceeds 5% at an unacceptable number of buses.
Are outcomes in congenital cardiac surgery better than ever?

Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital defect among infants born in the United States. Within the first year of life, 1 in 4 of these infants will need surgery. Only one generation removed from an overall mortality of 14%, many changes have been introduced into the field. Have these changes measurably improved outcomes?
Ultrasound-Triggered Liposomes Encapsulating Quantum Dots as Safe Fluorescent Markers for Colorectal Cancer

Quantum dots (QDs) are a promising tool to detect and monitor tumors. However, their small size allows them to accumulate in large quantities inside the healthy cells (in addition to the tumor cells), which increases their toxicity. In this study, we synthesized stealth liposomes encapsulating hydrophilic graphene quantum dots and triggered their release with ultrasound with the goal of developing a safer and well-controlled modality to deliver fluorescent markers to tumors. Our results confirmed the successful encapsulation of the QDs inside the core of the liposomes and showed no effect on the size or stability of the prepared liposomes. Our results also showed that low-frequency ultrasound is an effective method to release QDs encapsulated inside the liposomes in a spatially and temporally controlled manner to ensure the effective delivery of QDs to tumors while reducing their systemic toxicity.
Demonstration of optical label detection and 10 Gbit/s packet routing using 4/spl times/4 optical crosspoint switch

It has been experimentally demonstrated that an intensity modulated optical label at 155 Mbit/s can be detected directly by a 4 x 4 optical crosspoint switch without added optical components. Further routing of 10 Gbit/s packets can be performed without being affected by the label detection process, with a payload transmission power penalty of less than 1.5 dB.
Role of the Dorsal Posterior Parietal Cortex in the Accurate Perception of Object Magnitude in Peripheral Vision

Following superior parietal lobule and intraparietal sulcus (SPL-IPS) damage, optic ataxia patients underestimate the distance of objects in the ataxic visual field such that they produce hypometric pointing errors. The metrics of these pointing errors relative to visual target eccentricity fit the cortical magnification of central vision. The SPL-IPS would therefore implement an active “peripheral magnification” to match the real metrics of the environment for accurate action. We further hypothesized that this active compensation of the central magnification by the SPL-IPS contributes to actual object’ size perception in peripheral vision. Three optic ataxia patients and 10 age-matched controls were assessed in comparing the thickness of two rectangles flashed simultaneously, one in central and another in peripheral vision. The bilateral optic ataxia patient exhibited exaggerated underestimation bias and uncertainty compared to the control group in both visual fields. The two unilateral optic ataxia patients exhibited a pathological asymmetry between visual fields: size perception performance was affected in their contralesional peripheral visual field compared to their healthy side. These results demonstrate that the SPL-IPS contributes to accurate size perception in peripheral vision.
Prognostic Role of PD-L1 Expression in Invasive Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Simple Summary The role of PD-L1 expression in breast cancer remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association of PD-L1 expression with clinicopathological variables, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) in invasive breast cancer. PD-L1 expression was associated with age ≥ 50 years, lymph node status-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, Ki67 ≥ 20%, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative. PD-L1 positivity was associated with worse OS; however, there was no significant improvement in DFS. PD-L1 positivity was significantly associated with the clinicopathological characteristics of favorable and unfavorable prognoses. However, the final clinical outcome was associated with lower OS and had no significant association with DFS. Abstract Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been investigated in various types of cancer; however, the role of PD-L1 expression in breast cancer remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association of PD-L1 expression with clinicopathological variables, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) in invasive breast cancer. A total of 965 articles were included from CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Of these, 22 studies encompassing 6468 cases of invasive breast cancer were included in the systematic review, and 15 articles were included in the meta-analysis. PD-L1 expression was associated with age ≥ 50 years, lymph node status-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, Ki67 ≥ 20%, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative. PD-L1 positivity was associated with worse OS (hazard ratio, HR, 2.39; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.26–3.52; p =< 0.000); however, there was no significant improvement in DFS (HR 0.17; 95% CI −0.12–0.46; p =< 0.252). PD-L1 positivity was significantly associated with the clinicopathological characteristics of favorable and unfavorable prognoses. However, the final clinical outcome was associated with lower OS and had no significant association with DFS.
Understanding female coaches’ and practitioners’ experience and support provision in relation to the menstrual cycle

The study aimed to develop an understanding of female coaches’ and sport science practitioners’ experience and support provision in relation to the menstrual cycle when working with female athletes. Following receipt of institutional ethical approval, 14 female coaches and practitioners (32.9 ± 6.9 years) participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Following analysis, two themes were developed: (1) Knowledge and awareness and (2) Support and management. Overall, it appeared that participants varied in their understanding and awareness of the impact of the menstrual cycle on sport performance, somewhat influenced by their own personal experiences. Participants’ knowledge and awareness subsequently impacted the support they provided to female athletes. Additionally, individual experiences and perceived secrecy relating to the menstrual cycle impacted on the informational and emotional support participants provided. Together, the findings highlight the importance of all coaches and practitioners enhancing their knowledge and understanding regarding the menstrual cycle and proactively providing support to athletes. Education to enhance coaches’ and practitioners’ knowledge and understanding will help to create a more open and supportive environment in sport, hopefully allowing for personal discomfort regarding the menstrual cycle to be addressed.
An update on the paralleling of OLTC power transformers

The procedures for successfully controlling the on-load tap changers of power transformers in parallel have changed little for many years. The two most common procedures used today-minimum circulating current and master/follower-are well known and proven by experience. The most common implementations of each of these procedures, however, remain the traditional approaches of discrete analog circuits involving current transformers to isolate particular aspects of the load circuit or banks of relays to assure the identical tap operation of the transformers. Digital electronics presents the opportunity to modernize the technology of paralleling, using either of the popular methods, by communication of the required information between the respective OLTC controls using serial communications. This eliminates the analog circuitry of paralleling balancers and multiple status relays. The resulting system is much simpler to install and less prone to operational error.
Efficient Sum-Check Protocol for Convolution

Many applications have recently adopted machine learning and deep learning techniques. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are made up of sequential operations including activation, pooling, convolution, and fully connected layer, and their computation cost is enormous, with convolution and fully connected layer dominating. In general, a user with insufficient computer capacity delegated certain tasks to a server with sufficient computing power, and the user may want to verify that the outputs are truly machine learning model predictions. In this paper, we are interested in verifying that the delegation of CNNs, one of the deep learning models for image recognition and classification, is correct. Specifically, we focus on the verifiable computation of matrix multiplications in a CNN convolutional layer. We use Thaler’s idea (CRYPTO 2013) for validating matrix multiplication operations and present a predicate function based on the insight that the sequence of operations can be viewed as sequential matrix multiplication. Furthermore, we lower the cost of proving by splitting a convolution operation into two halves. As a result, we can provide an efficient sum-check protocol for a convolution operation that, like the state-of-the-art zkCNN (ePrint 2021) approach, achieves asymptotically optimal proving cost. The suggested protocol is about 2× cheaper than zkCNN in terms of communication costs. We also propose a verified inference system based on our method as the fundamental building component.
Rectangular Microstrip Dual Patch Antenna to Enhance Bandwidth at 2.4 GHz for WLAN Applications

Micro strip patch antennas are mostly known for their versatility in terms of possible geometries that makes them applicable for many different situations. The lightweight construction and the suitability for integration with microwave integrated circuits are two more of their numerous advantages. Patch antenna has a narrow bandwidth so it has a complexity in tunings, so there is a requirement to increase the bandwidth of patch antenna.This paper presents a compact size rectangular microstrip dual patch antenna to enhance bandwidth of 2.4 GHz simple rectangular microstrip patch antenna which work on IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g standard applications. This antenna is mounted on rectangular patch with air gap to enhance bandwidth up to 60 percent for WLAN applications.
Effects of l-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption on longer-term and postprandial vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials in adults

Abstract l-Citrulline may improve non-invasive vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers through increases in l-arginine bioavailability and nitric oxide synthesis. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) was performed to examine longer-term and postprandial effects of l-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption on these markers for CVD in adults. Summary estimates of weighted mean differences in vascular function and cardiometabolic risk markers with accompanying 95 % CI were calculated using random or fixed-effect meta-analyses. Seventeen RCT were included involving an l-citrulline intervention, of which six studied postprandial and twelve longer-term effects. Five studies investigated longer-term effects of watermelon consumption and five assessed effects during the postprandial phase. Longer-term l-citrulline supplementation improved brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) by 0·9 %-point (95 % CI 0·7, 1·1, P < 0·001). Longer-term watermelon consumption improved pulse wave velocity by 0·9 m/s (95 % CI 0·1, 1·5, P < 0·001), while effects on FMD were not studied. No postprandial effects on vascular function markers were found. Postprandial glucose concentrations decreased by 0·6 mmol/l (95 % CI 0·4, 0·7, P < 0·001) following watermelon consumption, but no other longer-term or postprandial effects were observed on cardiometabolic risk markers. To conclude, longer-term l-citrulline supplementation and watermelon consumption may improve vascular function, suggesting a potential mechanism by which increased l-citrulline intake beneficially affects cardiovascular health outcomes in adults. No effects on postprandial vascular function markers were found, while more research is needed to investigate the effects of l-citrulline and watermelon on risk markers related to cardiometabolic health.
Making sense and making use of Altmetrics in research evaluation

>> See video of presentation (35 min.) Monitoring and measuring the success of published research has long been a problematic area for institutions, funders and publishers. Recent government reviews, such as the Research Excellence Framework in the UK, have placed increasing demands on authors to provide substantial evidence of the academic and wider impact of their work. Over reliance on indices such as the Impact Factor has led to questionable tactics – with researchers seemingly choosing to submit work produced in the format that is most likely to have accrued impact demonstrated in the form of citations (i.e. published articles). But what about other outputs, and the other attention the work has received, and its application in real-world practices? Altmetrics, or alternative metrics, have evolved in the last few years as an alternative to only using the Impact Factor, and offer a much richer picture of how a piece of research has been received. Instead of only looking at how the work is received within academia (most often via a citation count) altmetrics track the sharing and discussion of research in a much wider range of online sources – including global traditional and social media, post-publication peer-review forums, and public policy documents. A focus on the qualitative data rather than the quantitative enables a better understanding of where and why the work is being discussed and potentially put into practice. It also offers a chance to focus on an individual article instead of making an assumption based on the perceived quality of the journal it is published in – a key pain point for those involved in research evaluation. A relatively new field, there is still much work to be done into what, why, and how the attention surrounding a paper should (or should not) be measured. There is already a justified concern that they will simply become another number by which a researcher can be judged, and a danger that they will be used to indicate quality where in reality they can offer nothing of the sort. What they do provide, however, is a valuable insight into the wider reception of research, and in a much more immediate way than citation counts alone are able to give. New tools are being developed at a rapid pace to enable institutions and funders to more easily track where the research their authors publish is being picked up – to help identify success stories and to further validate their knowledge of their audiences. We will give a brief overview of the progress within the field of altmetrics to date, including tangible use cases amongst academics and institutional managers, and explore how by pulling together academic impact (the more traditional bibliometrics) and the wider societal impact (altmetrics) it is possible to benefit from delving deeper into the context and engagement surrounding research.
Piloted Evaluation of the H-Mode, a Variable Autonomy Control System, in Motion-Based Simulation

As aircraft become able to autonomously respond to a range of situations with performance surpassing human operators, we are compelled to look for new methods that help understand their use and guide the design of new, more effective forms of automation and interaction. The "H-mode" is one such method and is based on the metaphor of a well-trained horse. The concept allows the pilot to manage a broad range of control automation functionality, from augmented manual control to FMS-like coupling and automation initiated actions, using a common interface system and easily learned set of interaction skills. The interface leverages familiar manual control interfaces (e.g., the control stick) and flight displays through the addition of contextually dependent haptic-multimodal elements. The concept is relevant to manned and remotely piloted vehicles. This paper provides an overview of the H-mode concept followed by a presentation of the results from a recent evaluation conducted in a motion-based simulator. The evaluation focused on assessing the overall usability and flying qualities of the concept with an emphasis on the effects of turbulence and cockpit motion. Because the H-mode results in interactions between traditional flying qualities and management of higher-level flight path automation, these effects are of particular interest. The results indicate that the concept may provide a useful complement or replacement to conventional interfaces, and retains the usefulness in the presence of turbulence and motion.
Implementation of Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy for Low Back Pain: Where Do We Stand, Where Do We Go?

Abstract Low back pain continues to be a leading cause of disability and cost throughout the world. Evidence-based guidelines recommend use of non-pharmacological interventions to address decreases in physical function due to low back pain. Psychologically informed physical therapy (PIPT) is one way to effectively and efficiently address the need for non-pharmacological approaches. However, adoption of psychologically informed practice (PiP) by physical therapists has shown mixed results due to implementation challenges. In this perspective, we discuss the current state of PIPT training and implementation. We also propose a conceptual roadmap for future implementation needs related to increasing delivery of PIPT-informed approaches.