Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONTINUAL LEARNING IN AUTOMATED AUDIO CAPTIONING

Jan Berg: Continual Learning in Automated Audio Captioning M.Sc. Thesis Tampere University Master’s Degree Programme in Computer Science November 2021 Teaching neural network models to classify new tasks and old tasks on new domains is a process, where a common problem is the forgetting of previous tasks and/or domains. This problem is referred to as catastrophic forgetting. Continual Learning, which is sometimes also called Lifelong or Incremental learning, is a research field that aims to find solution to catastrophic forgetting in order to create models which can learn new tasks sequentially without need for fully retraining. As neural networks and machine learning in general has gained plenty of interest during last decade, the need to achieve these kind of continual learning methods have become apparent to many developers and researchers. Thus, continual learning has become quite a hot topic within neural networks research and many new methods have been introduced during the past 5 years. Audio Captioning is a problem domain, where the goal is to generate textual presentation of audio data, effectively describing what is heard in the audio. Most current stateof-the-art Audio Captioning models are based on encoder-decoder type structures, with more recent models based on the attention-based Transformer model that has gained huge popularity and achieved state-of-the-art results in many different domains of tasks, such as in Neural Ma-
The Downward Breaststroke Kick Makes Fast Speed and Increased Lactate Acid

In this study, we assess the effectiveness of utilizing a downward breaststroke kick with regard to the overall time, max speed and velocity per stroke when using a downward breaststroke kick technique. We analyzed breaststroke kick of knee angles from 8 elite world class swimmers. The downward breaststroke kick used in breaststroke competitions resulted in improvements average of 100 yard or 100 meter breaststroke from 1:05.10 s to 1:01.97 s. Increases in performance max speed and velocity per stroke among 9 elite world class swimmers are highly correlated to duration of the kick aerodynamic buoyant farce in breaststroke. The downward breaststroke kick also resulted in an increase in lactate acid.
International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science

E-learning is not particularly new, however the conoravirus pandemic has made it mandatory that any institution that wants to stay afloat must think e-learning. LMS being an e-learning technology seeks to foster the teaching and learning process by making education accessible where classroom teaching is either not available or insufficient. This study therefore sought to determine how lecturers leverage on LMS for effective teaching and learning in post covid era. Three research questions were raised and answered and six hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. 121 lecturers from six higher institutions in Anambra participated in the study. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection while the analyses were done using mean and standard deviation for the research questions and t-test and ANOVA to test the hypotheses. The study found out among others that lecturers perceived LMS to be effective for teaching and learning but however did not utilize it in various aspect of teaching. Also age do not have significant effect on the perception of lecturers.
Teachers learning during COVID-19 pandemic: Higher education perspective from Ghana, India and Serbia

The topic of this study is inspired by the conversation and sharing of personal experiences about living, working, and teaching during the pandemic by researchers from Ghana, India, and Serbia. This paper aims to identify higher education teachers' learning experiences that helped them to adjust a new situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We collected stories from nine teachers employed in higher education in Ghana, India, and Serbia. Inductive thematic analysis was employed to identify themes within the stories collected. The common topics were identified in each country and compared with that of others. Silence to active classroom transformation is a common topic among teachers in each country. Other similarities were identified as fear that put more pressure on teachers and students. Differences among the teachers' learning and teaching experiences in researched countries were more of inequality issues related to access to necessary resources for online learning. Conclusively, teaching in online education during the crisis requires constant and multi-directional learning processes and understanding of students' resistance and negative emotions.
An anatomical study of orbital dimensions and its utility in orbital reconstructive surgery

Gulrez Nadeem, Basic and Medical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, U.A. E, email: g.nadeem@ajman.ac. ae, gulrez.nadeem@yahoo.comm Objectives: The orbit is a craniofacial structure and the orbital cavity contains the visual apparatus, including the eye ball and associated muscles, vessels, nerves, lacrimal apparatus, and fascial strata. A large number of traumatic, congenital, vascular, neoplastic and endocrine disorders may adversely affect the orbit. In these cases, the measurements of orbital index, bony orbital volume, orbital perimeter and a description of the orbital shape may have crucial clinical applications for estimating craniofacial asymmetry, the severity of the injury, and probable complications in preoperative planning and in postoperative assessment. Importance of Craniofacial measurements and study of orbital morphology is important for ethno-racial and sex discrimination, craniofacial surgery and anthropological assessment. The relationship between the height and breadth of the orbit varies amongst various human populations.
On The Topological Expressive Power of Neural Networks

We propose a topological description of neural network expressive power. We adopt the topology of the space of decision boundaries realized by a neural architecture as a measure of its intrinsic expressive power. By sampling a large number of neural architectures with different sizes and design, we show how such measure of expressive power depends on the properties of the architectures, like depth, width and other related quantities.
Path-Dependent Wage Responsiveness

We present a theory of nominal wage adjustment based on worker loss aversion, along the lines of prospect theory. Wage changes are evaluated relative to an endogenous reference wage, which depends on the workers’ rational wage expectations from the recent past. By implication, firms face an upward-sloping labor supply curve that is convexly kinked at the workers’ reference wage. Firms adjust wages flexibly in response to variations in labor demand, incorporating the endogenous response of the reference wage. The resulting theory of wage adjustment is starkly at variance with past theories. In line with the empirical evidence, we find that (1) wages are completely rigid in response to small labor demand shocks, (2) wages are downward rigid but upward flexible for medium-sized labor demand shocks, and (3) wages are relatively downward sluggish for large shocks.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF RAILWAY DISPATCHING TASK VIA AGENT-BASED SIMULATION

Unavoidable disturbances induce the necessity of operations control and dispatching tasks in the timetable-driven rail traffic. Therefore, dispatching becomes one of the most relevant challenges for economic success, since it directly affect the timeliness of passengers, which is a core indicator of customer satisfaction. Thus, the integration of passenger preferences into dispatching strategies is a reasonable extension of conventional dispatching algorithms. This paper presents an agent-based simulation system for Deutsche Bahn AG modeling the complete German railway network with about 30,000 trains and millions of passengers per day. With this system various dispatching strategies considering passenger information and aiming to reduce passenger waiting times have been tested. The paper shows that even simple heuristics achieve better results than the rule based dispatching strategies currently in use. Further improvements, qualitative as well as quantitative, are induced by an online re-routing algorithm which efficiently computes new routes for passengers affected by missed connections.
Modeling Risk and Opportunity Notions in Archimate Modeling Language

—Risks and opportunities are important elements in designing enterprise architecture. This is because risks and opportunities are closely related to the success of the company's business goals and strategies. Nowadays, not many people discuss the importance of these two instances to be added in describing the design notation of enterprise architecture especially in developing enterprise architecture modeling languages. In this research, conducted ontology analysis to explain the concept of risk and opportunity on enterprise architecture. The ontology analysis of these two concepts is done using the concept of Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO). This analysis will result in the development of risk and opportunity notation in enterprise architecture modeling language Archimate. Where Archimate is a very open modeling language to be developed and able to adopt new metamodel relevant to the development of the times. Here will use a real cases using new metamodel of risk elements and opportunities that will show the addition of metamodel in certain cases
The Prognostic Role of m6A-Related Genes in Paediatric Neuroblastoma Patients

Methods The gene expression data were extracted from the “Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments” (TARGET) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and the relationships between DEGs and m6A genes were explored. Then, the correlations among the m6A genes in neuroblastoma were investigated. Finally, the prognostic role of the m6A genes was studied, and the risk model was constructed. Results 81 NB patients were extracted from the TARGET database. After comparing the gene expression between unfavorable and favorable outcome groups, 73 DEGs were identified, including 54 downregulated genes and 19 upregulated genes. In NB patients, we found that IGF2BP3, METTL14, and METTL16 are prognostic factors for disease-free survival (DFS) while IGF2BP3, METTL14, and METTL16 are prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). Besides, after the risk model construction, the OS between the two risk groups was drawn (log-rank p = 1.64e − 08, HR = 3.438, 95% CI 2.24-5.278). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year time-dependent receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also illustrated, and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) attained 0.75, 0.798, and 0.768, respectively. Conclusions IGF2BP3, METTL14, and METTL16 were identified as the significant factors for DFS and OS in NB patients.
Proximate and Phytochemical Constituents of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Fruit

The most logical approach towards the improvement and efficient use of indigenous fruits to supply nutritional requirement for human diet is through the investigation of their nutritional values. This study was carried out to investigate the nutritional value of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) powdered fruit pulp and seeds purchased at Sokoto central market, Sokoto State Nigeria. The seeds and fruit pulp were analyzed for proximate, Phytochemical, antinutritional and mineral contents. Results of the qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponin, glycosides, flavonoid, steroids, volatile oils and cardiac glycosides in both extracts. Result of the proximate analysis showed protein with the highest percentage dry weight (62.56%) followed by crude lipid (23.59%), moisture (9.33%), ash (2.33%) and carbohydrate (2.19) in seeds of P. biglobosa. Carbohydrate had the highest percentage (69.9%) followed by moisture (16.33%), Crude protein (6.56%), crude lipid (3.81%) and then ash (3.33%) in the analyzed fruit pulp, thus indicating that locust bean fruit pulp had higher Carbohydrate content, thus a better source of energy. Result of mineral test indicated both the seeds and fruit pulp were rich sources of Potassium 2850 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg respectively followed by sodium with 142.50 mg/kg and 62.50 mg/kg respectively. Results of antinutritional test showed that the seeds contained Nitrate (18.71 mg/dl), Tannin (9.18 mg/dl) and Cyanide (6.51 mg/dl) while the analyzed Fruit pulp contains Nitrate (22.65 mg/dl), Tannin (17.10 mg/dl) and Cyanides (7.13 mg/dl), indicating higher amounts of Nitrates, Tannin and Cyanides in the pulp compared to the analyzed seeds. Taking into considerations the Crude Protein, Crude lipid, Carbohydrate as well as the Mineral composition of both the seeds and fruit pulp of the analyzed samples, it could be suggested that harnessing the plant’s products in our diet preparations could enhance nutrition especially in the wake of high cost of normal food materials and could also reduce malnutrition especially amongst low income earners.
Volume 8-Número 1-2016

This article describes the autorotation regime of singlerotor helicopters in the conditions of both vertical and glide descents. The momentum theory is employed in order to meet the variations of shaft power and induced velocity as the descent velocity increases. All presented equations are nondimensional, helping to generalize their applications to any type of helicopter studied. Theoretical results are compared with experimental counterparts coming from wind tunnel investigations. Correlation results analysis shows that the momentum theory is convenient for setting autorotation regime proper limitations and restrictions. 1 Introduction One of the important features of a helicopter, in contrast to most other types of aircraft, is the autorotation regime, which consists of its ability to make a landing following a complete power failure with a reasonable expectation of no injuries and no structural damage. Immediately after a power failure the pilot must “dump” his collective pitch within two or tree seconds. With decreased collective pitch, the rotor will autorotate as the helicopter begins to descend; in other words, the aerodynamic forces on the rotor will cause it to rotate even though no mechanical torque is present. In such a condition, the power required to produce thrust (induced power) and the power required to drag the blades through the air (profile-drag power) comes from the force of gravity. In descending flight regimes, the resultant velocity is directed upward by the combination of its rotating and descending components. The lift vector is therefore tilted forward with respect to the axis of rotation, so its horizontal component counteracts the drag’s horizontal counterpart to establish the autorotative equilibrium. If the angle between descending and rotating velocity components is too large, the airfoil section stalls and has its lift destroyed, hence yielding a decelerating force and a consequent lowering in the mentioned angle, restoring the autorotative equilibrium. On the other hand, if this same angle is too small, the airfoil section has its rotating velocity decreased, yielding an increase of the angle, with the lift vector being tilted forward enough to overcome the section’s drag, restoring over the autorotative equilibrium. Thus
Generating 3D point-cloud based on combining adjacent multi-station scanning data in 2D laser scanning: A case study of Hokuyo UTM 30lxk

Using a lower-cost laser scanner for generating accuracy in 3D point-cloud has been a concern because of economic issues; therefore, this study aims to create a 3D point cloud of a target object using a low-cost 2D laser scanner, Hokuyo UTM 30LX. The experiment was carried out in November 2019 with 16 single scans from 8 different viewpoints to capture the surface information of a structure object with many intricate details. The device was attached to a rail, and it could move with stable velocity thanks to an adjustable speed motor. The corresponding 16 point-clouds were generated by using the R language. Then, they were combined one by one to make a completed 3D point cloud in the united coordinate system. The resulted point cloud consisted of 1.4 million points with high accuracy (RMSE = ±1.5 cm) is suitable for visualizing and assessing the target object thanks to high dense point-cloud data. Both small details and characters on the object surface can be recognized directly from the point cloud. This result confirms the ability of generated the accuracy point cloud from the low-cost 2D laser scanner Hokuyo UTM 30LX for 3D visualizing or indirectly evaluating the current situation of the target object.
Effects of Daily Physical Education Participation on the Somatic and Motoric Development of Young Students

Regular physical activity is one of the dominant elements among environmental factors, which promotes young individuals’ healthy somatic and motoric development. In the present investigation it was hypothesized that participation in daily physical education (DPE) has a positive effect on the age-dependent anthropometric and fitness characteristics of primary school boys. The investigation took place in six primary schools in a mid-sized city in Hungary before and four years after the implementation of DPE. Group 1 had three PE lessons a week (n=562) and Group 2 had five PE lessons a week (n=551). According to our results, there were no differences in the BMI between the two groups; however, Group 1 had a significantly higher waist-hip ratio in all age-groups except for the 10-11 age cohort. In the 7-8 age cohort, Group 2 demonstrated significantly better results in the shuttle run test; conversely, in the older age groups Group 1 did significantly better. Altogether, daily PE had an age-dependent effect on the somatic development. Daily PE had a positive protective effect on BMI, the waist-hip ratio of the 10-11 age cohort, and also the fitness level of the 7-8 age cohort. It can be proposed that, through careful planning in DPE, exercise intensity and teaching methodology should be increased in an age-specific manner.
The Relationship between Tehran City and the Alborz Mountain Ranges through the Lens of Experts

Problem statement: There are many evidences which show that the relationship between Tehran City and the Alborz mountain ranges is not favorable. Evidences also indicate that the city of Tehran and its people cannot benefit well from blessings and capacities of the northern mountains. Studies on the relationship between Tehran City and Alborz also show that residents of Tehran have become indifferent to Alborz Mountains. The authors of the present study argue that in difference of inhabitants of Tehran to the surrounding mountains has not happened all at once. With the loss of the mountain’s functions over time, this very important natural element has been diminished in the minds of people. Considering multidimensionality of the issue, one of the ways to examine this subject is examining it from the viewpoint of experts. Research objective and research method: This study sought to explain the reasons for this undesirable relationship through the lens of experts. In this study, thematic analysis method was used to analyze the results obtained from semi-structured interviews with an exploratory approach with experts. Conclusion: According to hierarchical classification of results, four main theme emerged:(a) the reduction of mental and semantic status of the mountain; (b) incorrect understanding of the mountain and its capacities; (c) objective and physical approach to the mountain; and (d) cultural issues; also the eleven sub-themes were (a) advent of religion; (b) advent of technology; (c) advent of modernity; (d) planning system; (e) partial and merely environmental view of the mountain; (f) economic approaches; (g) mountain accessibility; (h) changes in people’s lifestyle; (i) changes in epistemological model of people; (j) people’s common beliefs; and (k) reduction of people’s belonging, which fall under the main themes.
INDOOR AERIAL VEHICL E NAVIGATION USING U LTRA WIDEBAND ACTIVE TWO - WAY RANGING

Precision, robust localization is a key requirement for the safe and effective use of mobile robots. Ultra Wideband (UWB) ranging and communications has been shown to support precision and robust localization indoors and in high multipath venues where GNSS is compromised. Recent research is aimed towards integrating this technology into a variety of unmanned mobile platforms, fusing peer-to-peer ranging into intrinsic recursive optimal localization solutions. This paper extends this research and demonstrates three-dimensional real-time location and velocity estimation indoors on a small (~2kg) modified multicopter platform. It describes the underlying ranging, network, and navigation processes in detail, pointing out the error sources due to both survey misalignment, range measurement jitter, and geometric dilution of precision (GDOP).
Foot Trafﬁc Prediction for Large-Scale Events Based on Pattern-Aware Neural Regression

This paper presents a statistical method that can efﬁciently predict foot trafﬁc from a limited amount of training data. The trafﬁc prediction is essential for forecasting and controlling excessive congestion after a large-scale event. To handle a small amount of training data due to the nature of a large-scale event, we propose a pattern-aware neural regression method that interprets trafﬁc data as a sum of latent behavior patterns weighted by their activations. The neural regression model predicts the weights of the patterns from the event information. The method trains the regression model with a variational expectation-maximization algorithm to prevent overﬁtting. With real trafﬁc data at a soccer stadium, the experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional direct regression methods. We also show that our Bayesian approach performs more stable prediction than an existing maximum likelihood approach.
IHC Classiﬁcation in Breast Cancer H&E Slides with a Weakly-Supervised Approach

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) evaluation commonly requires immunohistochemistry tests on breast cancer tissue, in addition to the standard haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Additional costs and time spent on further testing might be avoided if HER2 overexpression could be inferred from H&E slides, as a preliminary indication of the IHC result. We propose a framework that separately processes H&E slide tiles and outputs an IHC label for the whole slide. The network was trained on slides from the HER2 Scoring Contest dataset (HER2SC) and tested on two disjoint subsets of slides from the HER2SC database and the TCGA-TCIA-BRCA (BRCA) collection. The proposed method attained 83 . 3% classiﬁcation accuracy on the HER2SC test set and 53 . 8% on the BRCA test set. Although further efforts should be devoted to achieving improved performance, the obtained results suggest that it is possible to perform HER2 overexpression classiﬁcation on H&E tissue slides.
Loss contracts do not help coordination ( but gender does ) ∗

First draft. Please do not circulate] In this paper we study the effects that loss contracts – prepayments that can be clawed back later – have on group coordination. To do so, we compare the choices made by experimental subjects in a minimum effort game. In control sessions incentives are formulated as a classical gain contract, while in treatment sessions incentives are framed as an isomorphic loss contract. Our results show that loss contracts result in a decrease of both the effort and the coordination of participants. However, these results depend strongly on the gender composition of groups; those groups with a higher proportion of females are better at coordinating and do so for higher efforts. Such differences in behavior result in strong welfare effects.