Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reprobación y fracaso en secundaria. Hacia una reforma integral

El proposito de este texto es reunir las investigaciones con relacion al fracaso y reprobacion en el nivel de secundaria. Se enfatiza que para mejorar los indices cuantitativos de aprobacion o eficiencia terminal, es necesario realizar estudios interdisciplinarios con el objeto de conocer e intervenir la problematica de manera mas profunda y atendiendo diversos elementos mas sistematicos. Se parte del supuesto de que la reprobacion es un fenomeno complejo y de que su abordaje debe proveer unidad explicativa y comprensiva, en el marco de reflexiones interdisciplinarias: la practica educativa, los procesos de desarrollo cognoscitivo y de los aprendizajes, la organizacion y la gestion del sistema educativo y escolar, al analisis curricular y la colaboracion social y de los padres de familia. No solo se pretende cierto estado de la cuestion, sino ademas se presenta una propuesta de reforma integral del nivel
Sensor fault tolerant control of nonlinear Takagi–Sugeno systems. Application to vehicle lateral dynamics

This paper presents a new scheme for sensor fault tolerant control for nonlinear systems based on the Takagi–Sugeno modeling. First, a structured residual generator aimed at detecting and isolating sensor faults is designed. A bank of observers controlled either by only one system output or a set of outputs is then implemented, leading to a set of state estimates. The parallel distributed compensation structure is adopted to design the fault tolerant controller. The novelty in this paper is that the estimated state used in the controller is a weighted state vector obtained from all the estimated states provided by the different observers. The weighting functions depend on the residual vector signals delivered by the residual generator. They are designed to avoid crisp switches in the control law. Indeed, the interesting feature of the proposed approach is to avoid the commonly used switching strategy. For each residual component, the greater its magnitude is, the less the weight affected to the corresponding state estimate is. Consequently, the controller only uses estimations computed on the basis of healthy measurements. The closed‐loop stability is studied with the Lyapunov theory, and the obtained conditions are expressed as a set of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed residual generation and fault tolerant controller are applied to a vehicle lateral dynamics affected by sensor faults. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Entropy and mutual information in models of deep neural networks

We examine a class of stochastic deep learning models with a tractable method to compute information-theoretic quantities. Our contributions are three-fold: (i) we show how entropies and mutual informations can be derived from heuristic statistical physics methods, under the assumption that weight matrices are independent and orthogonally-invariant. (ii) We extend particular cases in which this result is known to be rigorously exact by providing a proof for two-layers networks with Gaussian random weights, using the recently introduced adaptive interpolation method. (iii) We propose an experiment framework with generative models of synthetic datasets, on which we train deep neural networks with a weight constraint designed so that the assumption in (i) is verified during learning. We study the behavior of entropies and mutual informations throughout learning and conclude that, in the proposed setting, the relationship between compression and generalization remains elusive.
Soteria: Automated IoT Safety and Security Analysis

Broadly defined as the Internet of Things (IoT), the growth of commodity devices that integrate physical processes with digital systems have changed the way we live, play and work. Yet existing IoT platforms cannot evaluate whether an IoT app or environment is safe, secure, and operates correctly. In this paper, we present Soteria, a static analysis system for validating whether an IoT app or IoT environment (collection of apps working in concert) adheres to identified safety, security, and functional properties. Soteria operates in three phases; (a) translation of platform-specific IoT source code into an intermediate representation (IR), (b) extracting a state model from the IR, (c) applying model checking to verify desired properties. We evaluate Soteria on 65 SmartThings market apps through 35 properties and find nine (14%) individual apps violate ten (29%) properties. Further, our study of combined app environments uncovered eleven property violations not exhibited in the isolated apps. Lastly, we demonstrate Soteria on MalIoT, a novel open-source test suite containing 17 apps with 20 unique violations.
Habitat features and distribution of Salamandra salamandra in underground springs

Subterranean habitats are among the less known terrestrial habitats, but can reveal an unexpected biodiversity, and can play an underestimated role for amphibians. The fire salamander Salamandra salamandra is sometimes found in underground envi - ronments, but the factors affecting its distribution in subterranean spaces remain sub - stantially unexplored. We repeatedly surveyed some hypogeous springs, such as drain - ing galleries and "bottini" in NW Italy, in order to evaluate the relationship between environmental features and distribution of S. salamandra in these underground springs. We performed visual encounter surveys to assess the occurrence of larvae, juveniles or adults in springs. We also recorded four habitat variables: easy of access, isolation, mac - robenthos richness and forest cover of the surrounding landscape. We used generalized linear models to evaluate the relationships between habitat features and occurrence of larvae. We observed larvae of S. salamandra in 13 out of 22 springs; their presence was associated to springs with high easy of access and with relatively rich macrobenthos communities. In underground springs, larval development apparently required longer time than in nearby epigeous streams. Nevertheless, S. salamandra can attain metamor - phosis in this environment. The occurrence of S. salamandra in underground environ - ments was not accidental, but repeated in the time and interesting from an ecological point of view, confirming the high plasticity of the species.
MiR-1223 p sensitizes breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation via controlling of cell apoptosis , migration and invasion

Nowadays, radio-resistance remains a grim problem occurs in patients with breast cancer. This study was aimed to explore the role of microRNA-122-3p (miR-122-3p) on breast cancer cells radio-sensitivity. Human breast cancer cells line MDA-MB-231 was used and transfected with miR-122-3p mimic, inhibitor or control. Transfected cells were exposed to various doses of irradiations, and then the surviving rate, apoptosis, cells migration and invasion were detected by clonogenic survival assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay respectively. Furthermore, Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression changes of phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/serine/threonine kinas (PTEN/PI3K/AKT) pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins in transfected cells after irradiation. The surviving rate of MDA-MB-231 cells was significantly decreased by miR-122-3p overexpression (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Apoptosis was induced by miR-122-3p overexpression (P < 0.001) while cells migration and invasion were inhibited by miR-122-3p overexpression (P < 0.001). Besides, miR-122-3p overexpression significantly down-regulated the expressions of p-AKT, AKT, Vimentin and Snail 1 (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001), whereas significantly up-regulated the levels of PTEN and E-Cadherin (P < 0.01). MiR-1223p suppression showed the inversed impacts on the surviving rate, apoptosis, cells migration and invasion, as well as these proteins expressions. MiR-122-3p enhanced the radio-sensitivity of breast cancer cells via controlling of cell apoptosis, migration and invasion. PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway and ETM related proteins were implicated in this enhancement impacts.
Interactive Sentiment Analysis Tool for Web Based Review System

Most of the products are purchased nowadays through online, the customer provides feedback about the product based on their usage. An increasing number of customer post product reviews at vendor’s website can express their opinions about products, and it provides very useful information to both manufactures and customers. But it is very difficult process for customer to buy a right product. Customer to make purchase decision based on only pictures and short product description given in the contents. So opinion mining becomes a hot research problem to mine all the product reviews and choose the best product among the other products. Many researches based on product features to analyze the opinions using the ranking mechanism to select which product is best. Ranking mechanism based only on overall quality of the product. Most of the algorithm deals with classifying the sentiment words using keywords and also using product ranking algorithm to rank the features of the product. Our enhanced approach is increase the efficiency of the product ranking algorithm to rank the product feature based upon sentiment polarity classification. This classifier classifies the sentiment sentences dynamically. Sentiment classification mainly focused on the adjectives in the customer reviews. It helps to make purchase decision of the customer and choose to buy the quality products. Visualization is used to visualize the product feature which in turn helps to understanding the product reviews.
Mechanism Matters : Data Production for Geosurveillance David Swanlund and

ISSN: 2469-4452 (Print) 2469-4460 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline. com/loi/raag21 Mechanism Matters: Data Production for Geosurveillance David Swanlund & Nadine Schuurman To cite this article: David Swanlund & Nadine Schuurman (2016) Mechanism Matters: Data Production for Geosurveillance, Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106:5, 1063-1078, DOI: 10.1080/24694452.2016. 1188680 To link to this article: http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/24694452.2016. 1188680
Extracting geologic information directly from high-resolution full-waveform inversion velocity models; a case study from offshore Trinidad

The East Coast Marine Area (ECMA) of Trinidad and Tobago contains producing gas fields where the imaging of seismic data is known to be challenging. This difficulty has been attributed to the combination of the Dolphin Main Fault, with more than 1 km of throw and large velocity contrasts of up to 30% in magnitude across it, and shallow gas and gas clouds causing very high attenuation. These factors lead to difficulties producing reliable and consistent velocity models. Previous velocity models — generated using traveltime tomography — contained inaccuracies that led to poor imaging and structural positioning, resulting in uncertainty when planning exploration and development drilling programs. In an attempt to reduce these uncertainties, a full-waveform inversion (FWI) feasibility study was performed over the most problematic area, with an initial velocity model built from a combination of legacy prestack time and depth migration velocity models and additional first-break refraction tomography. The geolog.
A Water Extract of Benefiting-Bone Capsule Improves Osteoporosis viaTranscriptional and Translational Regulation of Key Factors in Notch andWnt/ÃÂ²-catenin Signaling Pathways in Ovariectomized Rats

Benefiting-Bone Capsule (BBC) is a Chinese herbals formula that shows promise in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis (OP), but the mechanisms underlying its anti-osteoporotic effects are yet to be established. Here we detect the influence of the extract on several targets of the Notch and Wnt/β- catenin signaling pathways in bone tissue of ovariectomized rats as a model of OP with the aid of realtime PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. The water extract of BBC exerted a pronounced beneficial effect on OP rats and activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through regulating Wnt3a, Wnt10b protein, and glycogen synthesis kinase 3β (GSK-3β) mRNA. Furthermore, the BBC extract inhibited Jagged1, 2 protein and Notch 1,2 mRNA of the Notch signaling pathway. We detected simultaneous changes in the levels of a number of downstream transcripts, including increased runtrelated transcription factor 2 (Runx 2) and decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which were closely correlated with the treatment effect. Based on the collective findings, we propose that the water extract of BBC regulates OP-associated factors through modulation of key transcripts and proteins in the Notch and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Our results provide further mechanistic evidence supporting the clinical efficacy of BBC in the treatment of OP.
Robust initialization for 2D/3D registration of knee implant models to single-plane fluoroscopy

A fully automated initialization method is proposed for the 2D/3D registration of 3D CAD models of knee implant components to a single-plane calibrated fluoroscopy. The algorithm matches edge segments, detected in the fluoroscopy image, with pre-computed libraries of expected 2D silhouettes of the implant components. Each library entry represents a different combination of out-of-plane registration transformation parameters. Library matching is performed by computing point-based 2D/2D registrations in between each library entry and each detected edge segment in the fluoroscopy image, resulting in an estimate of the in-plane registration transformation parameters. Point correspondences for registration are established by template matching of the bending patterns on the contours. A matching score for each individual 2D/2D registration is computed by evaluating the transformed library entry in an edge-encoded (characteristic) image, which is derived from the original fluoroscopy image. A matching scores accumulator is introduced to select and suggest one or more initial pose estimates. The proposed method is robust against occlusions and partial segmentations. Validation results are shown on simulated fluoroscopy images. In all cases a library match is found for each implant component which is very similar to the shape information in the fluoroscopy. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by initializing an intensity-based 2D/3D registration method with the automatically obtained estimation of the registration transformation parameters.
Spatial Distribution of Root and Crown Rot Fungi Associated With Winter Wheat in the North China Plain and Its Relationship With Climate Variables

The distribution frequency of pathogenic fungi associated with root and crown rot of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) from 104 fields in the North China Plain was determined during the period from 2013 to 2016. The four most important species identified were Bipolaris sorokiniana (24.0% from roots; 33.7% from stems), Fusarium pseudograminearum (14.9% from roots; 27.8% from stems), Rhizoctonia cerealis (1.7% from roots; 4.4% from stems), and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (9.8% from roots; 4.4% from stems). We observed that the recovered species varied with the agronomic zone. Fusarium pseudograminearum was predominant in regions 1 and 3, whereas F. graminearum, F. acuminatum, and R. cerealis were predominant in regions 2 and 4. The incidence of F. pseudograminearum and R. cerealis was significantly different between regions 1 and 4, while no significant association was found in the distribution of the other species and the agronomic zones. A negative correlation between the frequency of occurrence of F. pseudograminearum and mean annual precipitation during 2013–2016 (r = −0.71; P < 0.01) in the North China Plain and a positive correlation between the mean annual precipitation during 2013–2016 and the frequency of occurrence of F. asiaticum (r = 0.74; P < 0.01) were observed. Several Fusarium species were also found with low frequencies of ~2.1%−3.4 % (F. graminearum, F. acuminatum, and F. sinensis) and ~0.1%−1.3% (F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, and F. asiaticum). In more than 93% of the fields, from the root and crown tissues of wheat, two or more root and crown rot species were isolated. The coexistence of Fusarium spp. and B. sorokiniana in one field (65.4%) or in individual plants (11.6%) was more common than for the other species combinations. Moreover, this is the first report on the association between F. sinensis and root and crown rot of wheat. Our results would be useful in the framing guidelines for the management of root and crown rot fungi in wheat in different agronomic zones of the North China Plain.
World-mindedness of students and their geography education at international (IB-DP) and regular schools in the Netherlands

This article reports the results of a study conducted to gain insight into the worldmindedness of young people living in the Netherlands. Two groups are compared: students attending ‘regular’ Dutch schools and students attending international schools. A questionnaire measured the students’ world-mindedness and their evaluation of their geography education in terms of global content and pedagogy. In our limited study, international school students were overall more world-minded than young people attending Dutch conventional schools. However, similarities were also seen: both groups were positive about values such as respect, diversity, and sustainability, and less positive about values such as solidarity and equality. International schools aimed more towards global learning than did Dutch schools, because of the experiential learning of students exposed to an international educational environment. In the opinion of the students, geography education at Dutch schools was often limited to learning about global issues and perspectives,
Angioplasty simulation using ChainMail method

Tackling transluminal angioplasty planning, the aim of our work is to bring, in a patient specific way, solutions to clinical problems. This work focuses on realization of simple simulation scenarios taking into account macroscopic behaviors of stenosis. It means simulating geometrical and physical data from the inflation of a balloon while integrating data from tissues analysis and parameters from virtual tool-tissues interactions. In this context, three main behaviors has been identified: soft tissues crush completely under the effect of the balloon, calcified plaques, do not admit any deformation but could move in deformable structures, the blood vessel wall undergoes consequences from compression phenomenon and tries to find its original form. We investigated the use of Chain-Mail which is based on elements linked with the others thanks to geometric constraints. Compared with time consuming methods or low realism ones, Chain-Mail methods provide a good compromise between physical and geometrical approaches. In this study, constraints are defined from pixel density from angio-CT images. The 2D method, proposed in this paper, first initializes the balloon in the blood vessel lumen. Then the balloon inflates and the moving propagation, gives an approximate reaction of tissues. Finally, a minimal energy level is calculated to locally adjust element positions, throughout elastic relaxation stage. Preliminary experimental results obtained on 2D computed tomography (CT) images (100x100 pixels) show that the method is fast enough to handle a great number of linked-element. The simulation is able to verify real-time and realistic interactions, particularly for hard and soft plaques.
The Differential Inclusion Modeling FISTA Algorithm and Optimality of Convergence Rate in the Case b $\leq3$

In this paper we are interested in the differential inclusion $0\in \ddot{x}(t)+\frac{b}{t}\dot{x}(t)+\partial F(x(t))$ in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, where $F$ is a proper, convex, lower semicontinuous function. The motivation of this study is that the differential inclusion models the FISTA algorithm as considered in [A. Chambolle and C. Dossal, J. Optim. Theory Appl. , 166 (2015), pp. 968--982]. In particular, we investigate the different asymptotic properties of solutions for this inclusion for $b>0$. We show that the convergence rate of $F(x(t))$ towards the minimum of $F$ is of order of $O\mathopen{}(t^{-\frac{2b}{3}})$ when $0 3$ this order is of $o\mathopen{}({t^{-2}})$ and the solution-trajectory converges to a minimizer of $F$. These results generalize the ones obtained in the differential setting (where $F$ is differentiable) in [H. Attouch, Z. Chbani, J. Peypouquet, and P. Redont, Math. Program. , 2016, pp. 1--53], [H. Attouch, Z. Chbani, and H. Riahi,.
Large-Scale Extraction of Fine-Grained Semantic Relations between Verbs

Broad-coverage repositories of semantic relations between actions could benefit many NLP tasks, as well as tasks related to reasoning and inference. We present an automatic method for extracting fine-grained semantic relations, addressing relations between verbs. We detect similarity, strength, antonymy, enablement, and temporal relations between pairs of verbs with high mutual information using lexico-syntactic patterns over the Web. On a set of 26,118 strongly associated verb pairs, our extraction algorithm yielded 56.5% accuracy1. On the relations strength and similarity, we achieved 79.6% and 66.7% accuracy respectively.
Human Intelligence and Language Technologies Lab University of North Texas Denton , TX , 76203

This paper presents a framework to understand negation in positive terms. Specifically, we extract positive meaning from negation when the negation cue syntactically modifies a noun or adjective. Our approach is grounded on generating potential positive interpretations automatically, and then scoring them. Experimental results show that interpretations scored high can be reliably identified.
HYDROGEN SULFIDE ADSORPTION BY ALKALINE IMPREGNATED COCONUT SHELL ACTIVATED CARBON

Biogas is one type of renewable energy which can be burnt to produce heat and electricity. However, it cannot be burnt directly due to the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) which is highly corrosive to gas engine. In this study, coconut shell activated carbon (CSAC) was applied as a porous adsorbent for H2S removal. The effect of amount of activated carbon and flow rate of gas stream toward adsorption capacity were investigated. Then, the activated carbons were impregnated by three types of alkaline (NaOH, KOH and K2CO3) with various ratios. The effects of various types of alkaline and their impregnation ratio towards adsorption capacity were analysed. In addition, H2S influent concentration and the reaction temperature on H2S adsorption were also investigated. The result indicated that adsorption capacity increases with the amount of activated carbon and decreases with flow rate of gas stream. Alkaline impregnated activated carbons had better performance than unimpregnated activated carbon. Among all impregnated activated carbons, activated carbon impregnated by K2CO3 with ratio 2.0 gave the highest adsorption capacity. Its adsorption capacity was 25 times higher than unimpregnated activated carbon. The result also indicated that the adsorption capacity of impregnated activated carbon decreased with the increment of H2S influent concentration. Optimum temperature for H2S adsorption was found to be 50 ̊C. In this study, the adsorption of H2S on K2CO3 impregnated activated carbon was fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. The fresh and spent K2CO3 impregnated activated carbon were characterized to study the adsorption process.