Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patterning of the posterior neurectoderm by labial-like Hox genes and retinoids

Induction and anteroposterior patterning of the Xenopus nervous system occurs during gastrulation. By the end of gastrulation the entire antero-posterior axis has been specified. It has been proposed that there are two steps to neurectodermal patterning: an initial "activating" signal induces anterior fates (forebrain and cement gland). Subsequently a "transforming" signal from the posterior mesoderm converts some of this tissue to more posterior fates, including hindbrain and spinal cord. This model predicts that the initial anterior specification is required for the posterior transformation. Retinoic acid is a potential candidate for the posteriorizing factor. This thesis addresses the role of retinoids in the formation of the posterior neurectoderm. Retinoic acid is able to repress both expression of anterior patterning genes, and the formation of anterior neurectodermal structures. At the same time, retinoic acid causes expansion of the posterior hindbrain. To better understand the role of retinoids in neurectodermal patterning, I have examined the expression and regulation of two retinoid-inducible genes, HoxAl and HoxD1. HoxD1 expression during gastrulation defines a novel posterior ectodermal domain. Eventually HoxD1 expression defines the posterior neurectoderm, with anterior limit of expression at the hindbrain rhombomere 4/5 boundary. Expression of HoxD1 is dependent both on retinoid signaling and proper mesoderm formation. Consistently, induction of HoxD1 in ectoderm by dorsolateral mesoderm can be inhibited by a dominant negative retinoic acid receptor. Formation of the posterior hindbrain is also dependent on retinoid signaling. Consistently, overepression of HoxD1 induces ectopic posterior hindbrain gene expression, and represses epidermis formation. Using this data I propose a modified model of posterior patterning, in which retinoic acid induces posterior specification in the absence of neural induction. Tissue that has been exposed to both a posteriorizing signal and neural inducers ultimately form the posterior nervous system. Thesis advisor: Hazel Sive Title: Associate Professor To the ones I love: Mom, Dad, and Gene
Seasonal fluctuation of trace metals in Penaeus monodon of Ganjam, east coast of India

Seasonal variations of mercury (Hg) and copper (Cu) in edible and non-edible parts of prawn, Penaeus monodon were studied in Ganjam coast, Orissa, India. Relatively higher concentrations of Hg and Cu in the tissues were recorded during monsoon and are attributed to the higher level of the metals in the medium during the period. The residual concentration of the elements in the tissue of prawn was below the prescribed limits for consumption and export
DYNAMIC STRESS CONCENTRATION IN A PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL WITH A NON-CIRCULAR HOLE SUBJECTED TO AN SH-WAVE

Abstract In this paper, the influence of the dynamic stress concentration in a piezoelectric material with a non-circular hole subjected to a shear wave polarized so that its particle motion and direction of propagation are aligned in a horizontal plane (SH-wave) is investigated. The boundary conditions of the non-circular hole can be mapped into a unit circle by applying complex variables and conformal mapping. The analytical solution of the dynamic stress concentration factor is determined by the unknown mode coefficients obtained by using the boundary conditions. Numerical examples are presented to analyze the influence of the incident wave number, piezoelectric constant of the material, and eccentricity ratio of the hole on the distribution of the dynamic stress concentration factor. The analysis reveals that the distribution of the dynamic stress concentration factor on the incident direction of the SH-wave is significantly different from that on the other side.
Interactive comment on “ Atmospheric boundary layer dynamics from balloon soundings worldwide : CLASS 4 GL v 1 . 0 ” by

We would like to thank the referee for providing their review of the manuscript, and we are very glad regarding the appreciation of the software’s potential. We also appreciate the comments, especially the suggestions related to possible sources of model biases. We provide a point-by-point answer below. The changes to the manuscript are provided as quoted text, which will be included in the next revised version of the manuscript.
PHYSIOLOGIC BASIS OF FETAL HEART RATE CHANGES

Fetal health is evaluated, in part, by assessment of fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns. The primary goal is to identify fetuses at risk of intrauterine death or neonatal complications and intervene (often by delivery) to prevent these adverse outcomes, if possible. The nonstress test (NST) and the contraction stress test (CST) are used for antepartum FHR testing. An abnormal test (nonreactive NST, positive CST) is sometimes associated with adverse fetal or neonatal outcomes, while a normal test (reactive NST, negative CST) is usually associated with a neurologically intact and adequately oxygenated fetus. When interpreting these tests, the clinician needs to account for gestational age, prior results of fetal assessment, maternal conditions (including medications), and fetal condition (eg, growth restriction, anemia, arrhythmia).
Real-time monitoring of suspended particulate matter in indoor air : 1 validation and application of a light-scattering sensor 2 3

1 Real-time monitoring of suspended particulate matter in indoor air: 1 validation and application of a light-scattering sensor 2 3 Anna Susz, Pascal Pratte, and Catherine Goujon-Ginglinger 4 5 PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A. , Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland. 6 7 Abstract 8 Since the 1950s, there has been growing awareness of the impact of air pollution on health. 9 Of the many recognized air pollutants, the main preoccupation has been with suspended 10 particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, as both can affect human health upon inhalation. Consequently, 11 PM monitoring is of key importance for linking indoor pollution and exposure. For this purpose, 12 a validated instrument for monitoring PM is of pivotal importance. Portable monitors are used to 13 monitor aerosol PM in real-time and are a faster alternative to offline gravimetric techniques. In 14 particular, aerosol monitors have the capability to track temporal changes in aerosol mass 15 concentration, whereas gravimetric methods provide only average values. The aim of this study 16 was to assess the performance of DustTrak DRX Aerosol Monitors and validate their suitability 17 for determining complex aerosols for indoor air quality measurement. Three DustTrak units were 18 used to measure different aerosols such as ambient air, polystyrene latex spheres (PSL), and 19 environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and the results were compared with those obtained by the 20 standard gravimetric method. In particular, for ETS measurements obtained with photometric 21 calibration factor (PCF) of 0.38, bias of the DustTrak relative to the gravimetric method ranged 22 from 2% to 15%. Moreover, the working range of the tested instruments was established with 23 limits of detection and quantification of 5 and 15 μg∙m, respectively. Furthermore, in order to 24 propose an alternative to the gravimetric method, validation of the DustTrak monitors for 25 assessment of PM must be performed in accordance with standards such as ISO 17025. 26 27
Students and teachers’ perception of an effective clinical nurse teacher characteristics: A comparative study

Objective: This study aims to determine the level of perception of nursing students and teachers on the effective clinical nurse teacher characteristics and find if there is a significant difference between the level of perception of nursing students and teachers according to their demographic features. Methods: This study employed a descriptive - comparative design. Simple random sampling was undertaken and a questionnaire developed by Brown (1981) was utilized in gathering information from the participating 244 nursing students and 46 teachers as respondents. Frequency, percentage, t -test, F-test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was used in the analysis of data. Results: Most of the participating nursing students in the study are aged 18-22-year-old, female, and unmarried while most teachers were more than 46-year-old, female, and married. Among the three indicators of effective clinical teacher characteristics, the teachers consider professional competence, relationships with the students’ most important, and personal attributes as very important while the nursing students perceived all as very important. A significant difference exists in the level of perception of both groups of respondents on different indicators. However, in certain demographic profile, specifically gender and marital status there seem to be no significant difference but it exists with age. Conclusions: Both nursing students and nurse-teachers perceived that an effective clinical teacher characteristic has a significant influence on the clinical learning course of students. The perception varies significantly with age and this would suggest that as the nurse grows older and gain more experience his/her perceptions matures.
UAV MISSION PLANNING FOR AUTOMATIC EXPLORATION AND SEMANTIC MAPPING

Abstract. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are used for the inspection of areas which are otherwise difficult to access. Autonomous monitoring and navigation requires a background knowledge on the surroundings of the vehicle. Most mission planing systems assume collision-free pre-defined paths and do not tolerate a GPS signal outage. Our approach makes weaker assumptions. This paper introduces a mission planing platform allowing for the integration of environmental prior knowledge such as 3D building and terrain models. This prior knowledge is integrated to pre-compute an octomap for collision detection. The semantically rich building models are used to specify semantic user queries such as roof or facade inspection. A reasoning process paves the way for semantic mission planing of hidden and a-priori unknown objects. Subsequent scene interpretation is performed by an incremental parsing process.
Comparison of influence of selected viral advertising attributes on shopping behavior of Millennials – empirical study

The study aims to evaluate the impact of selected factors of viral campaigns on Millennials customers’ consumer behavior. This goal was achieved in two steps: in the first step, the authors determined the impact of selected attributes on purchasing behavior in general, and in the second step, they compared the impact of the selected research campaigns – the guerrilla campaign of the company 4KA and the viral campaign of the company ABSOLUT. The inputs to the analyses were obtained through answers from 360 respondents, which completed the questionnaire on a sample of Millennials customers generation (1975–2000) – social generation, which collaborate and cooperate, expect technology to simply work for adventure and passionate about values (Smith, Nichols, 2015). The survey part of the questionnaire consisted of 8 attributes (Novelty, Relevance, Aesthetics, Clarity, Humor, Emotion arousal, Surprise, Design, Purchase intention). Data were collected based on participants’ availability and their will to participate in the questionnaire and quota selection. The PLS PM method was used to assess the impact, and the bootstrap-based parametric method was used to assess the difference in the impact. One of the most important findings is that attributes such as Novelty, Relevance, Humor, and Surprise significantly affect purchasing behavior. Concerning the company 4KA, significant impacts were seen in Relevance and Surprise, and with the company ABSOLUT, significant impacts were seen in Relevance, Humor, and Surprise. When analyzing the difference in the impact, there were no significant differences between the campaigns. Acknowledgment This article is one of the partial outputs under the scientific research grant VEGA 1/0694/20, VEGA 1/0609/19.
Image Captioning using Deep Learning

In Artificial Intelligence, Caption generation is a challenging task where a textual description must be generated for a given image. It requires both methods from computer vision to understand the objects and actions involved in the image and a natural language processing model to generate a caption. Image captioning has various applications such as usage in virtual assistants, recommendations in editing applications, for image indexing, for social media, for visually impaired persons, and many other natural language processing applications. We propose a hybrid system using multilayer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to generate vocabulary describing the images and a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) to accurately structure meaningful sentences using the generated keywords. The CNN compares the given image to a large dataset of training images, then generates an accurate description using the trained captions.
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging as a Prognostic Marker in Osteosarcoma Patients with Preoperative Chemotherapy

Background The accurate prediction of prognosis is key to prompt therapy adjustment. The purpose of our study was to investigate the efficacy of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in osteosarcoma patients with preoperative chemotherapy. Methods Thirty patients who underwent DKI before and after chemotherapy, followed by tumor resection, were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were grouped into good responders (GRs) and poor responders (PRs). The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test were used for survival analysis. The association between the DKI parameters and OS and PFS was performed by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Results Significantly worse OS and PFS were associated with a lower mean diffusivity (MD) after chemotherapy (HR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.5-23.1; P = 0.012 and HR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.2-10.1: P = 0.028, respectively) and a higher mean kurtosis (MK) after chemotherapy (HR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9; P = 0.041 and HR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.8; P = 0.049, respectively). Likewise, shorter OS and PFS were also significantly associated with a change rate in MD (CR MD) of less than 13.53% (HR, 8.6; 95% CI, 1.8-41.8; P = 0.007 and HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.0-8.2; P = 0.045, respectively). Compared to GRs, PRs had an approximately 9- and 4-fold increased risk of death (HR, 9.4; 95% CI, 1.2-75; P = 0.034) and progression (HR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.2-15; P = 0.026), respectively. Conclusions DKI has a potential to be a prognostic tool in osteosarcoma. Low MK and high MD after chemotherapy or high CR MD indicates favorite outcome, while prospective studies with large sample sizes are warranted.
THE GENETIC VARIATION ASSESSMENT OF IN VITRO IRRADIATED TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) BY SCoT AND ISSR MARKERS

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) are considered major and important globally vegetable crops and in Egypt in particular. Tissue culture techniques have encouraged the utilization of mutation methods in crop improvement. The mutation induction in vegetative crops through tissue culture may be the optimal method to improve these crops. Induced genetic variation in tomato plantlets by using gamma radiation and identified these changes through SCoT and ISSR markers. Egyptian tomato cultivar Idkawy explant was cultured onto MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg-l BAP. The resulted plantlets were irradiated with γ radiation doses (50, 100, 150, 200 or 250 Gy). The survival, growth rate, and mean of shoot length were decreased with increasing gamma radiation dose. The irradiated plantlets survival percentages were ranged from 78.75% to (50 Gy) and 18.75% to (250 Gy), whereas, the shoot length decreased by a rate of 2.71 cm for the dose (50 Gy) and 1.2 cm for dose (250 Gy). Genetic diversity was evaluated by SCoT and ISSR markers using ten primers for each. It was noticed that the polymorphism percentage mean of SCoT marker (60.53%) is higher than the ISSR marker (39.6). The PIC values average for both markers SCoT and ISSR were 0.429 and 0.347, as well, MI values were 0.345 and 0.156, respectively. On the other hand, the effective no. of alleles (Ne), Nei’s genetic diversity (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) parameters, it was found that the dose 100 Gy caused the highest genetic variation compared with other doses using SCoT marker, however, in ISSR marker was dose of 150 Gy the highest dose for induced genetic variation. The obtained results demonstrate that SCoT marker was more accurate and efficient than ISSR marker for distinguishing and genetic variation analysis of irradiated tomato plantlets. The relationships within treatments were assessed through cluster analysis (UPGMA) based on SCoT and ISSR analysis.
Prospects for the spatial organization of the regional

— The article is devoted to the spatial organization of the regional professional education system under new economic conditions: digitalization processes, new industrialization, the beginning of the information era, etc. The factors of the functioning and development of the regional system of professional education, that affect the dynamics of its spatial organization under changing conditions, are identified. The provisions about the ongoing process of transformation of the studied system through the introduction of innovative elements in the professional education system, that change its value at the regional and country levels, are argued.
Fast and Correct Load-Link/Store-Conditional Instruction Handling in DBT Systems

Dynamic binary translation (DBT) requires the implementation of load-link/store-conditional (LL/SC) primitives for guest systems that rely on this form of synchronization. When targeting, e.g., $\times 86$ host systems, LL/SC guest instructions are typically emulated using atomic compare-and-swap (CAS) instructions on the host. Whilst this direct mapping is efficient, this approach is problematic due to subtle differences between LL/SC and CAS semantics. In this article, we demonstrate that this is a real problem, and we provide code examples that fail to execute correctly on QEMU and a commercial DBT system, which both use the CAS approach to LL/SC emulation. We then develop two novel and provably correct LL/SC emulation schemes: 1) a purely software-based scheme, which uses the DBT system’s page translation cache for correctly selecting between fast, but unsynchronized, and slow, but fully synchronized memory accesses and 2) a hardware-accelerated scheme that leverages hardware transactional memory (HTM) provided by the host. We have implemented these two schemes in the Synopsys DesignWare ARC nSIM DBT system, and we evaluate our implementations against full applications, and targeted microbenchmarks. We demonstrate that our novel schemes are not only correct but also deliver competitive performance on-par or better than the widely used, but broken CAS scheme.
SYNTHESIS OF COLLOIDAL GOLD NANORODS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

The diploma thesis discusses the use and the preparation of gold colloid nanorods in biomedical applications. In particular, three elementary functions of nanoparticles in the analysis transport, separation and imaging. In the section of nanoparticles usage in imaging, the main interest is the application of surface plasmon resonance. Futher part is focus on the gold nanorods application in thermal therapy. The following section is devoted to the suitable techniques for nanorods surface modification for the purpose of alleviate the toxicity. The concept for preparation and analyzation of gold colloid nanorods is mentioned at the end of the theoretical section. The following laboratory section contains methods, conditions and the results description of already performed experiments. Klíčová slova Zlato, nanotyčinky, koloidní roztok, povrchový plazmon, CTAB, photothermal therapy, PEG, MTT assay
Progressive Learning Strategy for On-Line Face Recognition and Annotation

On-line human face recognition and annotation need effective image features and efficient adaptive learning methods. In this paper, new features extraction methods are proposed to reduce the number of facial features. Based on these extracted features, a progressive training strategy for adaptive facial learning is applied to generate classifiers for human faces classification. To demonstrate the performance of extracted features, off-line classifiers are used to compare with the progressive strategy. The experimental results show that the extracted 42 facial features can support on-line face recognition for annotating effectively when the progressive training data are collected up to about 40 facial data.
Effect of Grape Seed Extract

Amaç: Medyan sutürün maksiller genişletilmesi ortodonti sıklıkla yapılan bir uygulamadır. Retansiyon sonrasında bile genişlemiş sutürde geriye gidiş görülebilmektedir. Amacımız bu sutürdeki genişlemedeki kemikleşmeyi hızlandırmak ve kemikleşmeye etkisi olan üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi kullanarak retansiyon süresini kısaltmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yirmi adet rat iki gruba ayrıldı (n=20). Kontrol grubuna sadece ekspansiyon yapıldı. Deney grubuna ise ekspansiyona ilaveten üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi verildi. Deney grubuna ekspansiyon sonrası orogastrik yöntemle sistemik olarak ekstreler verildi. Maksillaya springler uygulanıp aktiflendi. Beş gün sonra springler çıkartıldı ve köşeli tellerle retansiyon yapıldı. On iki gün pekiştirme yapıldı. Bulgular: İki grup arasında yeni kemik alanı (p<0,05) ve yüzdeleri (p<0,05) açısından anlamlı farklılıklar görüldü. İncelenen parametreler açısından, deney grubu daha iyi sonuçlar verdi. Sonuç: Çene genişletmesinin erken dönemlerinde sistemik üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi uygulanmasının midpalatal sutürde kemik oluşumunu artırdığı ve retansiyon süresini kısalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Objective: Widening the inter-maxillary suture is a preferred procedure in orthodontics. However, relapse can occur in some patients after maxillary expansion therapy. This study aimed to increase bone formation in the inter-maxillary suture and decrease retention time with the help of grape seed extract (GS), which can stimulate bone tissue formation. Materials and Methods: A total of twenty rats were separated into the following two groups (n=20): the control group (group C) comprised rats that received only maxillary expansion therapy, and the other group (group GS) comprised rats that received maxillary expansion therapy along with GS. The grape seeds were systemically administered using an orogastric tube after maxillary expansion in group GS. Expansion springs were placed and activated to produce force. The springs were taken from the mouth 5 days later and exchanged with short rectangular wires for retention. This retention wire was placed for 12 days. Results: Significant differences were found in the percentage of newly formed bone (p<0.05) and bone area (p<0.05) between the two groups. Moreover, group GS had better bone formation than group C. Conclusion: Systemic use of GS during the stages of the orthopaedic expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture area increases newly formed bone and decreases the retention time. Sertaç Aksakallı1, Şeref Ezirganlı2, Muhammet Birlik2, Hakkı Oğuz Kazancıoğlu2, Mehmet Şerif Aydın3