Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EPI phase error correction with deep learning (PEC‐DL) at 7 T

The phase mismatch between odd and even echoes in EPI causes Nyquist ghost artifacts. Existing ghost correction methods often suffer from severe residual artifacts and are ineffective with k‐space undersampling data. This study proposed a deep learning–based method (PEC‐DL) to correct phase errors for DWI at 7 Tesla.
Perceiving People With Physical Disabilities as Overcoming Adversity Warps Mind Perception

Across six studies, we tested how people with physical disabilities were ascribed mental faculties. People with physical disabilities were seen as more capable of mental agency (e.g., thinking), but not more capable of experience (e.g., pain), compared to nondisabled people (Study 1). People with physical disabilities were also seen as more capable of supernatural mental agency (e.g., seeing the future, reading minds; Study 2). Believing that people with physical disabilities were more mentally agentic than nondisabled people was unrelated to Beliefs in a Just World (Study 3) but was related to beliefs about hardship (Study 4). Narratives of overcoming adversity, common in portrayals of the disabled community, increased the perceived mental sophistication of people with physical disabilities (Study 5). Finally, hardship narratives also affected helping behavior toward people with physical disabilities (Study 6). Thus, hardship stories surrounding individuals with disabilities may contribute to beliefs that they have particularly sophisticated minds.
Loading with Biomolecules Modulates the Antioxidant Activity of Cerium-Doped Bioactive Glasses

In order to identify new bioactive glasses (BGs) with optimal antioxidant properties, we carried out an evaluation of a series of cerium-doped BGs [Ce-BGs—H, K, and mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs)] loaded with different biomolecules, namely, gallic acid, polyphenols (POLY), and anthocyanins. Quantification of loading at variable times highlighted POLY on MBGs as the system with the highest loading. The ability to dismutate hydrogen peroxide (catalase-like activity) of the BGs evaluated is strongly correlated with cerium doping, while it is marginally decreased compared to the parent BG upon loading with biomolecules. Conversely, unloaded Ce-BGs show only a marginal ability to dismutate the superoxide anion (SOD)-like activity, while upon loading with biomolecules, POLY in particular, the SOD-like activity is greatly enhanced for these materials. Doping with cerium and loading with biomolecules give complementary antioxidant properties to the BGs investigated; combined with the persistent bioactivity, this makes these materials prime candidates for upcoming studies on biological systems.
Mental health disparities between German lesbian and bisexual women and a population-based sample

Abstract Lesbians are at greater risk of mental health problems than heterosexual women, and bisexual individuals are even more likely to report mental health problems. No study has yet tested whether there are any mental health differences between German lesbians, bisexual women, and female controls. We tested for mental health differences between matched groups of 161 lesbian and bisexual women and 161 women in the general population, as well as between matched groups of 79 lesbians and 79 bisexual women. Lesbian and bisexual women reported more mental health problems than population-based women. In contrast, bisexual women did not differ in mental health from lesbians. Therefore, German lesbian and bisexual women constitute a risk group for mental health problems. To improve lesbian and bisexual women’s mental health, attempts should be made to lower the frequency of minority stressors, and best-practice mental health interventions made available.
Effect of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy on insomnia in convalescent patients with COVID-19: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has made a serious public health threat worldwide. Recent evidence has indicated that COVID-19 patients in convalescence frequently experience insomnia, which reduces their quality of life and causes unknown risks. The positive effect of cognitive behavior on insomnia has been well addressed in previous studies. Given the high infectivity and epidemicity of COVID-19, Internet-delivered intervention may be safer than face-to-face treatment. However, whether Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy can effectively improve the insomnia of COVID-19 patients in convalescence has not been completely determined yet. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the effects of Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy on insomnia in COVID-19 patients in convalescence, with the aim to confer some guidance for its clinical application. Methods and analysis This systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Two researchers will retrieve the relevant literature on Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in convalescent patients with COVID-19 in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials gov, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from inception to 11th of December. In addition, we will review the relevant trials and references of the included literature and manually searched the grey literature. The two researchers will independently extracted data and information and evaluated the quality of the included literature. The Review Manager software (version 5.3) and Stata software (version 14.0) will be used for data analysis. The mean difference or the standardized mean difference of 95% CI will be used to calculate continuous variables to synthesize the data. In addition, I2 and Cochrane will be used for heterogeneity assessment. Trial registration PROSPERO registration number CRD42021271278.
Potential of pectin for biomedical applications: a comprehensive review

Abstract Pectin is a polysaccharide extracted from various plants, such as apples, oranges, lemons, and it possesses some beneficial effects on human health, including being hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic. Therefore, pectin is used in various pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Meanwhile, its low mechanical strength and fast degradation rate limit its usage as drug delivery devices and tissue engineering scaffolds. To enhance these properties, it can be modified or combined with other organic molecules or polymers and/or inorganic compounds. These materials can be prepared as nano sized drug carriers in the form of spheres, capsules, hydrogels, self assamled micelles, etc., for treatment purposes (mostly cancer). Different composites or blends of pectin can also be produced as membranes, sponges, hydrogels, or 3D printed matrices for tissue regeneration applications. This review is concentrated on the properties of pectin based materials and focus especially on the utilization of these materials as drug carriers and tissue engineering scaffolds, including 3D printed and 3D bioprinted systems covering the studies in the last decade and especially in the last 5 years.
Process of developing models of maternal nutrition interventions integrated into antenatal care services in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia and India

Abstract Integrating nutrition interventions into antenatal care (ANC) requires adapting global recommendations to fit existing health systems and local contexts, but the evidence is limited on the process of tailoring nutrition interventions for health programmes. We developed and integrated maternal nutrition interventions into ANC programmes in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia and India by conducting studies and assessments, developing new tools and processes and field testing integrated programme models. This paper elucidates how we used information and data to contextualize a package of globally recommended maternal nutrition interventions (micronutrient supplementation, weight gain monitoring, dietary counselling and counselling on breastfeeding) and describes four country‐specific health service delivery models. We developed a Theory of Change to illustrate common barriers and strategies for strengthening nutrition interventions during ANC. We used multiple information sources including situational assessments, formative research, piloting and pretesting results, supply assessments, stakeholder meetings, household and service provider surveys and monitoring data to design models of maternal nutrition interventions. We developed detailed protocols for implementing maternal nutrition interventions; reinforced staff capacity, nutrition counselling, monitoring systems and community engagement processes; and addressed micronutrient supplement supply bottlenecks. Community‐level activities were essential for complementing facility‐based services. Routine monitoring data, rapid assessments and information from intensified supervision were important during the early stages of implementation to improve the feasibility and scalability of models. The lessons from addressing maternal nutrition in ANC may serve as a guide for tackling missed opportunities for nutrition within health services in other contexts.
Strange themes in pandemic dreams: Insomnia was associated with more negative, anxious and death‐related dreams during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Dreaming and insomnia are important markers of distress in times of crisis. Here, we present a longitudinal, mixed‐methods study examining changes in dreaming between individuals with and without insomnia symptoms and their relationship to mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A global survey examining insomnia symptoms, dreams and mental health was launched in April 2020 and followed participants over 12 months. Of 2240 participants, 1009 (45%) reported dream changes at baseline. A higher proportion of participants with new‐onset insomnia reported dream changes (55%) than those with pre‐existing insomnia (45%) or good sleepers (36%). Overall, thematic analysis identified key dream change themes of increased dream activity, with participants dreaming vividly, in high‐definition, and with a strong negative charge. Themes around survival, adjusting to pandemic life, meaning‐making and poor sleep quality were also noted. Linguistic Inquiry Word Count showed that individuals with insomnia used more negative words to describe their dream changes than good sleepers. Specifically, the new‐onset insomnia group used more anxious and death‐related words than those who slept well. Notably, all groups experienced a significant reduction in dream activity by 3‐month follow‐up. Lastly, dream changes were associated with worse mental health symptoms over time, and this effect was more pronounced in individuals with insomnia. Our results highlight that insomnia symptoms, especially new‐onset insomnia, are associated with more negative dream changes during collective stressful events, potentially compounding daytime distress and mental health symptoms over time. During times of crisis, dreaming and insomnia may reveal an important target for mental health interventions.
Methods and Measures for Mental Stress Assessment in Surgery: A Systematic Review of 20 Years of Literature

Real-time mental stress monitoring from surgeons and surgical staff in operating rooms may reduce surgical injuries, improve performance and quality of medical care, and accelerate implementation of stress-management strategies. Motivated by the increase in usage of objective and subjective metrics for cognitive monitoring and by the gap in reviews of experimental design setups and data analytics, a systematic review of 71 studies on mental stress and workload measurement in surgical settings, published in 2001–2020, is presented. Almost 61% of selected papers used both objective and subjective measures, followed by 25% that only administered subjective tools - mostly consisting of validated instruments and customized surveys. An overall increase in the total number of publications on intraoperative stress assessment was observed from mid-2010 s along with a momentum in the use of both subjective and real-time objective measures. Cardiac activity, including heart-rate variability metrics, stress hormones, and eye-tracking metrics were the most frequently and electroencephalography (EEG) was the least frequently used objective measures. Around 40% of selected papers collected at least two objective measures, 41% used wearable devices, 23% performed synchronization and annotation, and 76% conducted baseline or multi-point data acquisition. Furthermore, 93% used a variety of statistical techniques, 14% applied regression models, and only one study released a public, anonymized dataset. This review of data modalities, experimental setups, and analysis techniques for intraoperative stress monitoring highlights the initiatives of surgical data science and motivates research on computational techniques for mental and surgical skills assessment and cognition-guided surgery.
Investigating the potential molecular players and therapeutic drug molecules in carfilzomib resistant multiple myeloma by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM), second most common hematological malignancy, still remains beyond cure because of acquirement of drug resistance. Proteasome inhibitor such as carfilzomib (Cfz) therapy which has been used as one of the key therapies against MM recently, is obstructed by the incidence of Cfz resistance. The underlying mechanism of this acquired Cfz resistance in MM is very little understood. Therefore, the current study was aimed to investigate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), associated micro RNAs (miRNAs), and transcription factors (TFs) from the microarray datasets of Cfz resistant and Cfz sensitive MM cell lines, obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. DEGs were detected using GEO2R tool from two datasets and common DEGs were identified through Venn diagram. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis were performed on DAVID database. Through STRING database and Cytoscape tool, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed. Genetic alterations in DEGs were investigated using COSMIC database. Interaction network between DEGs and miRNAs as well as TFs were obtained and constructed by using mirDIP, TRRUST, and miRNet tools. Drug gene interaction analysis was performed to identify potential drug molecules on DGIdb tool. Several common DEGs were identified in Cfz resistant MM. PDGF, VEGF, and Wnt signaling pathways were significantly enriched and might be involved in MM progression. miRNA analysis identified hsa-mir-124-3p, hsa-mir-26a-5p that can target DEGs. Various drug molecules such as dabrafenib, vemurafenib, and venetoclax that could potentially attenuate the MM pathophysiology, were detected. The entire study might provide a new understanding about the Cfz resistance in MM.
Determination of the Constants of GTN Damage Model Using Experiment, Polynomial Regression and Kriging Methods

Damage models, particularly the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model, are widely used in numerical simulation of material deformations. Each damage model has some constants which must be identified for each material. The direct identification methods are costly and time consuming. In the current work, a combination of experimental, numerical simulation and optimization were used to determine the constants. Quasi-static and dynamic tests were carried out on notched specimens. The experimental profiles of the specimens were used to determine the constants. The constants of GTN damage model were identified through the proposed method and using the results of quasi-static tests. Numerical simulation of the dynamic test was performed utilizing the constants obtained from quasi-static experiments. The results showed a high precision in predicting the specimen’s profile in the dynamic testing. The sensitivity analysis was performed on the constants of GTN model to validate the proposed method. Finally, the experiments were simulated using the Johnson–Cook (J–C) damage model and the results were compared to those obtained from GTN damage model.
Promoting Physical Activity Among University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, sanitary context and e-learning have greatly modified student lifestyles and led to deteriorations in their mental health. An increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms and sedentary behaviors, reduction in physical activity, and a stronger tendency to move toward unhealthy diet have been demonstrated. This finding highlights the need for innovative interventions to promote healthy lifestyle among students. Objective This research protocol aims to evaluate the effects of an intervention program on the lifestyle and psychological state of students. Methods Students from University of Nîmes were recruited and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 following conditions: an intervention group and a control group. Participants in the intervention group were engaged in an 8-week physical activity program. Prior to the start of the program, design-based innovative workshops were conducted with participants to ensure that the program was co-constructed by the users and met their specific needs. Students in the control group did not receive any intervention. For each group, measures of physical activity, sedentary time, anthropometric data, sleep, physical condition, and psychological variables (eg, anxiety, depression, motivation, body appreciation, perceived control, well-being) were conducted at baseline and 9 weeks later. Results A total of 110 participants were initially included. Reporting of the results is projected for the spring of 2022. Conclusions It is anticipated that this innovative intervention co-constructed by pairs will promote a healthier lifestyle and psychological health in students. There is every reason to believe that a mobilized co-construction approach is a promising strategy to limit unhealthy habits and promote physical activity while increasing motivation. The development and evaluation of interventions to address the specific needs of university students is essential and could be transferred to other vulnerable populations such as people with chronic diseases or older people. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05019482; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05019482 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/36429
Efficient and Accurate Description of Diels‐Alder Reactions Using Density Functional Theory

Abstract Modeling chemical reactions using Quantum Chemistry is a widely used predictive strategy capable to complement experiments in order to understand the intrinsic mechanisms guiding the chemicals towards the most favorable reaction products. However, at this purpose, it is mandatory to use reliable and computationally tractable theoretical methods. In this work, we focus on six Diels‐Alder reactions of increasing complexity and perform an extensive benchmark of middle‐ to low‐cost computational approaches to predict the characteristic reactions energy barriers. We found that Density Functional Theory, using the ωB97XD, LC‐ωPBE, CAM−B3LYP, M11 and MN12SX functionals, with empirical dispersion corrections coupled to an affordable 6‐31G basis set, provides quality results for this class of reactions, at a small computational effort. Such efficient and reliable simulation protocol opens perspectives for hybrid QM/MM molecular dynamics simulations of Diels‐Alder reactions including explicit solvation.
Qualitative Study on the Information Needs of Patients Undergoing Da Vinci Robotic Surgery

To explore the information needs and experiences of patients who underwent Da Vinci robotic surgery and to establish a reference for providing information support to these patients. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 patients who underwent robotic surgery. Thematic analysis was subsequently executed on the data obtained from the interviews to identify the themes. Thematic analysis generated two main themes with six supporting sub-themes. The main themes were (1) surgical information acquisition experience and (2) the need for personalization to obtain satisfactory information. Patients who received Da Vinci robotic surgery had insufficient understanding of the surgical methods and possessed high demand for surgical-related information. Although patients’ understanding of robotic surgery might be improved through multi-channel information support, due to the differences in patient access to information, personalized experiences would occur during this process. Professional information support could effectively enhance their positive psychological experiences with surgery.
Interactions between emotion regulation and everyday flexibility in anorexia nervosa: Preliminary evidence of associations with clinical outcomes

ABSTRACT The current study explored interactions between emotion regulation (ER) and cognitive-behavioral flexibility in everyday life in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). Participants were 97 female adults with current (57%) or past (43%) full or partial AN syndrome diagnosis. Participants completed the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Eating Disorder Flexibility Index, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale short form. Lower flexibility was a strong independent predictor of more severe ED-related cognitions and higher frequency of compensatory behaviors beyond individual differences in emotion regulation and mood. ER measures did not predict clinical characteristics. However, two interactions between flexibility and ER measures were observed which suggested there was a stronger association between greater flexibility and higher BMI for individuals with either higher levels of cognitive reappraisal use, or higher levels of global ER difficulties. Interactions between flexibility and emotion regulation provide evidence that co-occurring difficulties may impact clinical outcomes in AN.
Synthesis of near-infrared-responsive hexagonal-phase upconversion nanoparticles with controllable shape and luminescence efficiency for theranostic applications

Over the past few decades, photodynamic therapy has been studied as a therapeutic method by generating singlet oxygen through activation of a photosensitizer (PS) to kill cancer cells. However, the light within the activating wavelength range of commercial photosensitizers has a low penetration depth. In this study, we designed multifunctional upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) that can emit high-energy light by absorbing low-energy near-infrared (NIR) light with excellent tissue permeability through a fluorescence resonance energy transfer procedure. This process can produce reactive oxygen species by activating the PS. We aimed to optimize the thermal decomposition synthesis procedure to produce lanthanide-doped UCNs with a uniform size and improve the photoluminescence efficiency for an NIR-regulated theranostic system. It was confirmed that the morphologies of UCNs can be controlled by varying the reaction time, reaction temperature, and feed molar ratio of the solvent and reactant. The crystalline morphology of the synthesized UCNs showed a thermodynamically stable hexagonal phase. The photoluminescence efficiency of the UCNs also was influenced by size, surface area, crystalline property, and stability in aqueous solution. Furthermore, the surface-modified UCNs with a folic acid-conjugated block copolymer and PS exhibited enhanced singlet oxygen generation and significantly improved aqueous solubility and photoluminescence efficiency.