Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Plantago media, a Chinese herb from China

Abstract Plantago media, known as the hoary plantain, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae that also was used as one of the Chinese herb in China. In this study, P. media chloroplast genome sequence was 164,130 base pairs (bp) as a circular that had a typical quadripartite structure. It contained a large single-copy region (LSC) of 82,758 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 4,578 bp, and a pair of inverted-repeat (IR) regions of 38,397 bp. The overall nucleotide composition of chloroplast genome is: A (30.7%), T (31.3%), C (19.2%), G (18.8%), and the total G + C content of 38.0%. The total 140 genes were found in this chloroplast genome sequence that included 94 protein-coding genes (PCG), 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosome RNA (rRNA) genes. In phylogenetic analysis, the result showed that P. media is closely related to P. depressa of the family Plantaginaceae using the maximum-likelihood (ML) method in the phylogenetic relationship.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of bark beetle Scolytus schevyrewi is determined. This mitogenome is 15,891 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a control region (D-loop), with an A + T bias of 65.33%. Its gene order is similar to the mitogenomes of Coleoptera.
A complete family of phylogenetic invariants for any number of taxa under Kimura's 3ST model

Abstract We describe a new family of phylogenetic invariants that arise from the recently developed spectral analysis approach to tree reconstruction. These invariants, which are valid for Kimura's 3ST model, possess four important properties—they are defined equally easily for any number of taxa, their description is tree-independent, they apply even when the distribution of the four nucleotides in the ancestral taxon is unknown, and they can be modified to deal with sequence sites that do not mutate independently with identical distribution.
The complete chloroplast genome of Roscoea tibetica, an alpine ginger species

Abstract Roscoea tibetica is a most widespread and extensively phenotypic-variable alpine ginger species. Here, we reported the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of R. tibetica. The complete chloroplast genome is 163,515 base pairs (bp) in length, containing two inverted repeat (IRa and IRb) regions of 29,781 bp, which was separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region of 88,090 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 15,863 bp. The overall GC content of the plastid genome was 36.06%. In total, 113 unique genes were annotated, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 22 chloroplast genomes indicates that R. tibetiaca is closely related to R. humeana, forming a monophyletic group with high value.
Genetic and Morphological Assessments of Hybridization Between Two Non-Native Geoemydid Turtles, Mauremys reevesii and Mauremys mutica, in Northcentral Japan

Abstract Interspecific hybridization has been occasionally reported for various combinations of geoemydid turtles, but genetic consequences of such hybridization have rarely been investigated. We surveyed the hybrid status of 40 individuals from a seemingly hybridizing turtle assemblage in a natural pond in northcentral Honshu, Japan. Analysis of mtDNA sequences confirmed that the parental species of this assemblage were Mauremys reevesii (Chinese three-keeled pond turtle) and Mauremys mutica (Asian yellow pond turtle), neither of which is native to the main islands of Japan, although M. reevesii was naturalized in the area before the 19th century. Extensive examination of pure strain samples of the 2 species yielded 10 morphological and 10 genetic diagnostic characters (allozyme and short interspersed repetitive elements) that were used to determine the hybrid status of the turtles in the assemblage. Morphological examination showed that 19 out of 40 individuals were not different from pure M. reevesii individuals, but the remaining 21 individuals exhibited M. mutica states at 1 to 6 characters, indicating interspecific crosses at a moderate to large scale. In the genetic characters, however, only 2 of the 21 individuals possessed marker alleles of M. mutica at a few loci and all others possessed alleles of M. reevesii only; thus neither pure M. mutica nor F1 hybrids were included in the assemblage. These results suggest that iterative backcrosses with pure M. reevesii have occurred. In the analysis using the genetic hybrid index (GHI), which was defined as the number of M. mutica type alleles over the 10 examined loci, the 2 individuals scored 5 and 2, respectively, and all others scored 0. This discrete distribution of GHI scores negates an assumption of a random mating hybrid swarm but suggests that these two individuals emerged by a different hybridization event, independent from that leading to the many other putative hybrids detected by morphological characters only. Our results suggest that even though the hybrid genotypes rarely prevailed in the population, once introgressed genes were diluted by successive backcrosses, they could have been retained over many generations.
DeepJSCC-f: Deep Joint Source-Channel Coding of Images With Feedback

We consider wireless transmission of images in the presence of channel output feedback. From a Shannon theoretic perspective feedback does not improve the asymptotic end-to-end performance, and separate source coding followed by capacity-achieving channel coding, which ignores the feedback signal, achieves the optimal performance. It is well known that separation is not optimal in the practical finite blocklength regime; however, there are no known practical joint source-channel coding (JSCC) schemes that can exploit the feedback signal and surpass the performance of separation-based schemes. Inspired by the recent success of deep learning methods for JSCC, we investigate how noiseless or noisy channel output feedback can be incorporated into the transmission system to improve the reconstruction quality at the receiver. We introduce an autoencoder-based JSCC scheme, which we call DeepJSCC- $f$ , that exploits the channel output feedback, and provides considerable improvements in terms of the end-to-end reconstruction quality for fixed-length transmission, or in terms of the average delay for variable-length transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical JSCC scheme that can fully exploit channel output feedback, demonstrating yet another setting in which modern machine learning techniques can enable the design of new and efficient communication methods that surpass the performance of traditional structured coding-based designs.
Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the three-flowered maple, Acer triflorum (Sapindaceae)

Abstract Acer triflorum (Sapindaceae: Acer) is a deciduous arbor species with excellent ornamental values because of its reddish-tan exfoliating bark and attractive three leaflets. However, due to some wild populations being threatened by poor seed viability, it was listed as vulunerable in China. Its complete chloroplast (cp) genome was obtained using genome Illumina pair-end sequencing data. The cp genome was 156,024 bp in length with a typical circular structure, containing a large single copy (LSC) region of 85,815 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,051 bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) (26,079 bp). A total of 136 genes were annotated, including 88 protein-coding genes, 40 tRNAs and 8 rRNAs. The overall GC content was 37.9%. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that A. triflorum was the most closely related to A. griseum. The complete chloroplast genome of A. triflorum is useful for assessment of genetic diversity and further for taxonomic study of Acer L.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the blue-green damselfish, Chromis viridis (Perciformes, Pomacentridae)

Abstract In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of the iridescent blue-green damselfish, Chromis viridis (Perciformes, Pomacentridae), widely distributed species in the Indo-Pacific regions. The complete mitogenome of C. viridis was 16,894 bp long and was typical of Pomacentrinae mitogenomes in genomic content and structure, as the entire mitogenome contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 1 putative control region. Phylogenetic analysis of C. viridis within the family Pomacentridae based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of entire PCGs confirmed the sister relationship among damselfish and anemonefish. This mitogenome sequence will provide a useful resource for understanding C. viridis-specific cryptic diversification and phylogeographic relationships in Pomacentridae.
Vegetation Responses to Pinyon–Juniper Treatments in Eastern Nevada

Abstract Comparisons of tree-removal treatments to reduce the cover of single-leaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla Torr. and Frém.) and Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma [Torr.] Little), and subsequently increase native herbaceous cover in black sagebrush (Artemisia nova A. Nelson), are needed to identify most cost-effective methods. Two adjacent vegetation management experiments were initiated in 2006 and monitored until 2010 in eastern Nevada to compare the costs and efficacy of various tree reduction methods. One Department of Energy (DOE) experiment compared a control to five treatments: bulldozing imitating chaining ($205 · ha−1), lop-pile-burn ($2 309 · ha−1), lop-and-scatter ($1 297 · ha−1), feller-buncher and chipper ($4 940 · ha−1), and mastication ($1 136 · ha−1), whereas a second Bureau of Land Management (BLM) experiment compared one-way chaining ($205 · ha−1) to a control treatment. Chaining and bulldozing resulted in the least reduction of tree cover among the treatments. In the DOE experiment, forb cover only decreased in the mastication treatment. Litter increased in all methods. Slash cover was lowest in the control and lop-pile-burn treatments, intermediate in the feller-buncher and mastication treatments, and highest in the bulldozing and lop-and-scatter treatments. By 2010, forb cover and the combined cover of dead shrubs and trees were increased and decreased, respectively, by chaining in the BLM experiment. Nonnative annual grass and biotic crust were absent or uncommon before and after treatment implementation. In both experiments, tree removal resulted in a nonsignificant increase in perennial grass cover even 4 yr post-treatment. An ecological return-on-investment (EROI) metric was developed to compare perennial grass cover and tree cover per unit area cost of each active treatment. By 2010, chaining or bulldozing, followed by mastication, showed the highest EROI for improving perennial grass and decreasing tree cover. Mastication is recommended for restoration of smaller tree-encroached areas, whereas land managers should reconsider smooth chaining, despite its negative perceptions, for rapid and cost-efficient restoration of large landscapes obligates.
Environment and Poultry Breeding Problems 4. The Value of A Random-Bred Control Strain in A SelectionStudy

Abstract ALTHOUGH the use of unselected control strains in laboratory selection experiments with Drosophila and other laboratory animals is a well-established practice, only in recent years have workers interested in selection experiments with poultry and large animals given serious attention to the need for adequate controls. This lack of controls has made it difficult for the critical reader to interpret published reports on the effects of different selection programs with poultry and animals. The earlier selection experiments, with poultry, for example Pearl and Surface (1909), Dryden (1921), Hall (1934) and Lamoreux et al. (1943), would have been more readily interpreted if control strains had been maintained in the contemporaneous environments. It is even possible that some of the confusion arising from these early contradictory results would have been resolved. More recently Lerner (1950) has briefly discussed the value of control strains. He drew attention to the fact that his selection studies …
Integration of the Maternal Death Prevention Program based on the Health Belief Model Framework

In 2015, the Health Office of Banyumas Regency records 7 cases of maternal deaths, 243 cases of infant deaths, and 41 cases of under-five deaths. Compared to 2015, maternal mortality increases in the first three months of 2016. This research aims to identify the causes of maternal deaths that occur in 2016 in Banyumas Regency using the Health Belief Model conceptual framework. The results show that the cause of maternal death in Banyumas Regency is the lack of antenatal services due to the lack of knowledge and awareness of mothers, social status of women in the community, availability of health facilities, vulnerabilities received, benefits of antenatal services, barriers to access to health services, and quality of health facilities and health workers. The problem solving plan is based on the HBM concept framework that can be prepared consisting of stakeholder advocacy, health promotion programs through counseling for pregnant women, programs to improve access to health facilities, and intervention programs for health workers.
Practical aspects of genetic management of small populations – The Olkuska sheep example

Abstract The study aimed to identify important factors threatening genetic diversity within small sheep populations, and to propose sustainable management strategies. Demographic evolution, genetic diversity and current genetic management practices were analyzed in a population of Polish Olkuska sheep. Unbalanced contributions of individual rams to the next generation were observed due to differences in the period of their utilization, the number of progeny and the number of daughters used in reproduction. Matings between closely related animals were common. Pedigree completeness was satisfactory and inbreeding coefficient was high, 11.71% for lambs born in 2012. Relatively high values of potential and realized coancestries within flocks showed the importance of keeping more than one ram. The genetic conservation index and average relatedness coefficient, and their comparison between regions was helpful in considering management options. The information on genetic relationships and genetic conservation parameters of rams should be provided to breeders with simple interpretations.
Monoclonal antibody characterization of the C proteins of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes in vertebrate cells

The C proteins (C1 and C2) are major constituents of the 40S subparticle of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes (hnRNPs) (Beyer, A.L., M.E. Christensen, B.W. Walker, and W.M. LeStourgeon, 1977, Cell, 11:127-138) and are two of the most prominent proteins that become cross-linked by ultraviolet light to heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) in vivo. Studies are described here on the characterization of the C proteins in vertebrate cells using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies to genuine RNP proteins, including the C proteins, were obtained by immunizing mice with purified complexes of poly(A)+ hnRNA and poly(A)+ mRNA with their contacting proteins in vivo obtained by ultraviolet cross-linking the complexes in intact cells (Dreyfuss, G., Y.D. Choi, and S.A. Adam, 1984, Mol. Cell. Biol., 4:1104-1114). One of the monoclonal antibodies identified the C proteins in widely divergent species ranging from human to lizard. In all species examined, there were two C proteins in the molecular weight range of from 39,000 to 42,000 for C1, and from 40,000 to 45,000 for C2. The two C proteins were found to be highly related to each other; they were recognized by the same monoclonal antibodies and antibodies raised against purified C1 reacted also with C2. In avian, rodent, and human cells the C proteins were phosphorylated and were in contact with hnRNA in vivo. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that the C proteins are segregated to the nucleus. Within the nucleus the C proteins were not found in nucleoli and were not associated with chromatin as seen in cells in prophase. These findings demonstrate that C proteins with similar characteristics to those in humans are ubiquitous components of hnRNPs in vertebrates.
Breeding Potential of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes using D2 Analysis under Hill Zones of Karnataka

Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is an important vegetable crop, belongs to the family Solanaceae, having a chromosome number of 2n=24. It is originated in IndoBurma region (Vavilov, 1928), Bangladesh and Myanmar region is believed to be the center of diversity (Isshiki et al., 1994). According to Zeven and Zhukovsky (1975) brinjal is said to be originated in India and spread to China, which became a secondary center of origin. Brinjal fruit (unripe) is essentially consumed as cooked vegetable in various forms and the dried shoots are used as fuel in rural areas. The recent nutritional and medicinal findings proved that eggplant is highly nutritious and possesses excellent International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 3 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Host use patterns and demography in a guild of tropical sponge-dwelling shrimps

Demographic consequences of the commensal lifestyle for shrimps Synalpheus spp. were assessed by sampling sponges and coral rubble on reefs in Caribbean Panama. Eight of 22 species were found solely or primarily within the internal canals of sponges. Among these sponge-dwellers, host specificity ranged from generalism (occurrence in 2 4 host species) to specialization on a single host species, and sponges used in the field were also preferred in laboratory choice assays. Living in sponges had important consequences for shrimp populations. Parasitism by epicaridean isopods averaged 6 times higher in obligate sponge-dwellers (17 %) than in free-living species (2.5 %). Sponge species differed in the mean size and size range of habitable spaces they provide, number of potentially competing Synalpheus species they support, and vulnerability of associated shrimps to parasitism. Similarly, conspecific shrimp populations occupying different hosts differed demographically. Specifically, populations of Synalpheus brooksi in the sponge Spheciospongia vesparium were significantly less dense, less parasitized, had larger body sizes, and tended toward higher proportions of mature females than conspecifics in the CO-occuring sponge Agelas clathrodes. High host specificity, regional variation in host use, and demographic and genetic differentiation among conspecific shrimps in different host species suggest that the commensal lifestyle has pervasive, and potentially evolutionarily important, consequences for the population biology of this diverse group of shrimps.
The Ascus Apex in Lichenized Fungi I. The Lecanora-, Peltigera- And Teloschistes-Types

The structure and method of discharge of the asci and the ascocarp ontogeny form the base of a natural classification of the Ascomycotina. The structure and method of discharge of asci in the ascohymenial Lecanorales is particularly poorly understood, some authors terming these unitunicate (Luttrell, 1951; Muller and Loffler, 1968; Richardson, 1970), and others bitunicate (Korf, 1958; Kreisel, 1969). The introduction of special terms for lichen asci, such as 'infissitunique vs. fissitunique' (Dughi, 1957) or 'bitunique-archaeasce' (Chadefaud et ah, 1963, etc.; LetrouitGalinou, 1973) may indicate both difficulties in correlating structures observed in le"canoralean asci with those found in non-lichenized Ascomycotina, and lichenologists sometimes failing to correlate their terminology with that generally used by other mycologists. It is important to appreciate that the terms unitunicate and bitunicate were introduced by Luttrell (1951) as functional ones, relative to the behaviour of the ascus wall and the apical apparatus during dehiscence and spore discharge. Luttrell pointed out that the ascus wall of an unitunicate ascus 'may be laminated in structure', but the difFerent layers never separate during dehiscence. Some authors now believe that the ascus wall in general, and that of the Lecanorales in particular, is twoor even multilayered. On this basis the term unitunicate has been rejected for the Lecanorales; Dughi (1957) replaced it by 'infissitunique', while Chadefaud and his co-workers have introduced the 'type bitunique-archaeasce' which they regard as a third main ascus type additional to the two distinguished by Luttrell. As Luttrell's definitions are generally accepted by mycologists, it appears confusing to have a multilayered but functionally unitunicate ascus treated as a variant of the bitunicate type. The 'type bitunique-archaeasce' is considered by Chadefaud's school to be the most archaic amongst the extant Ascomycotina (Chadefaud, 1973). LetrouitGalinou (1973: 32, transl.) defines the 'type bitunique-archaeasce' as: 'Wall and dome thick and amyloid, generally with annular structures, with an apical nasse, and a specialized mode of dehiscence'. An archaic type would be expected to have developed in difFerent ways and Letrouit-Galinou (1973) distinguished three phylogenetic stages in this ascus type: (1) 'pre-archaeasce' with three-layered walls in which the innermost ('endoascus interne') forms the apical dome (Fig. la) and
Tillage and Crop Sequence Effects on Heterodera glycines and Soybean Yields

Conservation tillage has been increasingly used in the midwestern USA. Long-term effects of tillage practices on the soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, and soybean yields in corn-soybean rotation were studied in two fields in Minnesota (USA). The experiments were arranged in a split-plot design with tillage treatments as main plots and crop sequences as subplots. Tillage treatments were no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). The crop sequences were six (Waseca) or nine (New Richland) combinations of SCN-susceptible 'Sturdy', SCN-resistant 'Freeborn' ('PI 88788' resistance source) and 'Pioneer brand 9234' ('Peking' resistance source) soybean rotated annually with corn. Tillage did not affect SCN population density at New Richland and had only minimal and inconsistent effects on SCN at Waseca. However, CT resulted in up to 370 kg ha -1 greater soybean yield than NT at Waseca. Growing SCN-resistant cultivars was effective in the corn-soybean rotation for managing SCN and minimizing yield loss to SCN. Resistant soybean not only reduced SCN population density and increased soybean yield in the year when it was grown, but also resulted in a smaller inoculum population density and increased yield of susceptible and resistant soybean in the following soybean years. Pioneer brand 9234 was more effective than Freeborn in reducing SCN population density and increasing soybean yield in the following years. This study confirmed that use of resistant cultivars is an effective tactic for SCN management, but tillage is not an option solely for managing SCN population in the northern climate and soil conditions.