Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Biochar on Metal Distribution and Microbiome Dynamic of a Phytostabilized Metalloid-Contaminated Soil Following Freeze–Thaw Cycles

In the present paper the effectiveness of biochar-aided phytostabilization of metal/metalloid-contaminated soil under freezing–thawing conditions and using the metal tolerating test plant Lolium perenne L. is comprehensively studied. The vegetative experiment consisted of plants cultivated for over 52 days with no exposure to freezing–thawing in a glass greenhouse, followed by 64 days under freezing–thawing in a temperature-controlled apparatus and was carried out in initial soil derived from a post-industrial urban area, characterized by the higher total content of Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, As and Hg than the limit values included in the classification provided by the Regulation of the Polish Ministry of Environment. According to the substance priority list published by the Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Agency, As, Pb, and Hg are also indicated as being among the top three most hazardous substances. The initial soil was modified by biochar obtained from willow chips. The freeze–thaw effect on the total content of metals/metalloids (metal(-loid)s) in plant materials (roots and above-ground parts) and in phytostabilized soils (non- and biochar-amended) as well as on metal(-loid) concentration distribution/redistribution between four BCR (community bureau of reference) fractions extracted from phytostabilized soils was determined. Based on metal(-loid)s redistribution in phytostabilized soils, their stability was evaluated using the reduced partition index (Ir). Special attention was paid to investigating soil microbial composition. In both cases, before and after freezing–thawing, biochar increased plant biomass, soil pH value, and metal(-loid)s accumulation in roots, and decreased metal(-loid)s accumulation in stems and total content in the soil, respectively, as compared to the corresponding non-amended series (before and after freezing–thawing, respectively). In particular, in the phytostabilized biochar-amended series after freezing–thawing, the recorded total content of Zn, Cu, Pb, and As in roots substantially increased as well as the Hg, Cu, Cr, and Zn in the soil was significantly reduced as compared to the corresponding non-amended series after freezing–thawing. Moreover, exposure to freezing–thawing itself caused redistribution of examined metal(-loid)s from mobile and/or potentially mobile into the most stable fraction, but this transformation was favored by biochar presence, especially for Cu, Pb, Cr, and Hg. While freezing–thawing greatly affected soil microbiome composition, biochar reduced the freeze–thaw adverse effect on bacterial diversity and helped preserve bacterial groups important for efficient soil nutrient conversion. In biochar-amended soil exposed to freezing–thawing, psychrotolerant and trace element-resistant genera such as Rhodococcus sp. or Williamsia sp. were most abundant.
Using Theoretical Models of Problematic Internet Use to Inform Psychological Formulation: A Systematic Scoping Review

Background Empirical research has been produced on the topic of ‘Internet Addiction’ or ‘Problematic Internet Use’ (PIU) for more than 20 years, with a variety of theoretical approaches suggested by scholars to account for the behaviour. However, the discourse has been fraught with debate around construct definition, measurement, and validity. Aims This review aimed to systematically review the extant literature on the topic of PIU, to identify the published psychological theories in the area, and to synthesise the findings to produce actionable information for practicing psychologists as well as academics. Method Given the breadth of the aims, a scoping review methodology was utilised. Four major reference libraries (Scopus, Proquest, Pubmed, Technology Research Database) were searched using a string of relevant terms. Results Of 1412 initial search results, eighteen theories were included in the study. Nine theories related to generalised PIU, seven related to specific Internet use issues, such as online gaming or social media, while two theories took account of both a generalised and specific view. Data were analysed using Formulation-Based Thematic Analysis (FBTA) to synthesise theory elements under the deductive headings of Predisposing, Precipitating, Maintaining, and Protective factors. Discussion The lack of protective factors against PIU was a prominent finding. The utility of the psychological formulation approach, particularly in an area fraught with conceptual debate and frustration with traditional medical classification systems, is emphasised.
Universal Basic Income: Inspecting the Mechanisms

We consider the aggregate and distributional impact of Universal Basic Income (UBI). We develop a model to study a wide range of UBI programs and financing schemes and to highlight the key mechanisms behind their impact. The most crucial channel is the rise in distortionary taxation (required to fund UBI) on labor force participation. Second in importance is the decline in self-insurance due to the insurance UBI provides, resulting in lower aggregate capital. Third, UBI creates a positive income effect lowering labor force participation. Alternative tax-transfer schemes mitigate the impact on labor force participation and the cost of UBI. Lopez-Daneri studies the impact of different degrees of negative income tax (which combines a lump-um and a linear tax) in a small open economy (i.e., one with a ﬁxed interest rate). These papers examine speciﬁc sets of reforms and include detailed analysis of the welfare impact of the transition dynamics the reforms bring about. Our focus on the long term impact of UBI enables us to examine a wide range of policies (UBI and taxes); we use our model to analyze and quantify the key mechanisms through which the introduction of UBI, and its funding through distortionary taxation, affects the steady state of the economy. Speciﬁcally, we assess the role of (i) the substitution channel that arises
Validation of the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus in ANA-positive Chinese patients

Background: The aim of this study was to validate the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive Chinese patients. Methods: Medical records of all adult patients who attended the rheumatology out-patient clinics between May and September 2019 were reviewed. Patients with ever ANA positive (titre ⩾1:80) were included and evaluated for the fulfilment of the 2019 EULAR/ACR, 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) and 1997 ACR criteria for SLE classification. The performance of these criteria in predicting a clinical diagnosis of SLE as judged by an independent panel of rheumatologists was studied and compared in different subgroups. Results: A total of 1533 patients (88.2% women; age at first clinic attendance 45.5 ± 15.6 years) were studied and 562 patients were judged to be clinical SLE. The sensitivity and specificity of the EULAR/ACR (⩾10 points), SLICC and ACR criteria for a clinical diagnosis of SLE was 96.1%, 97.9% and 86.1%; and 85.8%, 86.3% and 94.3%, respectively. Applying the attribution rule to the non-SLE controls, the specificity of the three criteria increased to 95.0%, 92.5% and 98.8%, respectively. The specificity of the EULAR/ACR criteria was higher in male patients (97.9%), those aged >50 years (97.0%) and disease duration of ⩽3 years (97.6%). Using a cut-off of 12 points, the specificity of the EULAR/ACR criteria was further increased (96.6%) while a high sensitivity (95.0%) was maintained. Conclusion: In Chinese patients with a positive ANA, the EULAR/ACR criteria for clinical SLE perform equally well to the SLICC criteria. Both the EULAR/ACR and SLICC are more sensitive but less specific than the ACR criteria. The specificity of all the three criteria is enhanced by applying the attribution rule to controls. The specificity of the EULAR/ACR criteria is higher in certain patient subgroups or when the cut-off score is raised.
Drug Consumption Rooms and Public Health Policy: Perspectives of Scottish Strategic Decision-Makers

There is widespread support for the introduction of Drug Consumption Rooms (DCRs) in Scotland as part of a policy response to record levels of drug-related harm. However, existing legal barriers are made more complex by the division of relevant powers between the UK and Scottish Governments. This paper reports on a national, qualitative study of key decision-makers in both local and national roles across Scotland. It explores views on the political barriers and enablers to the adoption of Drug Consumption Rooms and the potential role of these facilities in the wider treatment system. It also considers approaches to evidence, especially the types of evidence that are considered valuable in supporting decision-making in this area. The study found that Scottish decision-makers are strongly supportive of DCR adoption; however, they remain unclear as to the legal and political mechanisms that would make this possible. They view DCRs as part of a complex treatment and support system rather than a uniquely transformative intervention. They see the case for introduction as sufficient, on the basis of need and available evidence, thus adopting a pragmatic and iterative approach to evidence, in contrast to an appeal to traditional evidence hierarchies more commonly adopted by the UK Government.
K channel modulators increase survival rate during coronary ATP occlusion-reperfusion in anaesthetized rats

We investigated the effect of ATP-sensitive K channel K openers pinacidil and cromakalim , and a K blocker ATP ATP (cid:14) . glibenclamide on reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats. Arrhythmias were induced by reperfusion (cid:14) . (cid:14) following a 6 min ligation of the left main coronary artery. Rats were pretreated with pinacidil 0.1 or 0.3 mg r kg , or cromakalim 28 or . (cid:14) . 56 m g r kg , or glibenclamide 5 mg r kg , or vehicle. Pinacidil and cromakalim produced dose-related reductions in blood pressure. (cid:14) . (cid:14) . Pinacidil 0.1 mg r kg and cromakalim 56 m g r kg significantly decreased the incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation and increased survival. Glibenclamide did not decrease ventricular fibrillation incidence, yet improved survival by increasing the possibility of recovery from ventricular fibrillation. The present study suggests that both opening and blocking K channels may ATP increase survival during coronary occlusion and reperfusion in anaesthetized rats. q 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
The development of social value orientation: Attachment styles, number of siblings, age, and a comparison of measures

Nearly 25 years ago, four studies examined the development of social value orientation (SVO) and uncovered that SVO was related to specific and general adult attachment, the number of siblings, and age. However, some of these findings have been challenged by two recent replication studies. The present (pre-registered) research extends these replication studies and the original research by using multiple measurements of both SVO and adult attachment on two large samples that allowed us to detect small effect sizes. With online samples (N = 1446 and 2644) from MTurk and Prolific, we replicated earlier findings that prosociality was associated with a greater level of secure attachment and a lower level of avoidant attachment. Moreover, prosociality was positively related to the number of siblings, especially sisters, as discovered by Study 3 of the original study. However, we failed to replicate the significant relation between SVO and age. Generally, we conclude that prosocial orientation is associated—even if modestly—with secure and avoidant attachment and the number of siblings, but the link with age is a question open to future investigation.
Osteoporosis, fracture and survival: Application of machine learning in breast cancer prediction models

The risk of osteoporosis in breast cancer patients is higher than that in healthy populations. The fracture and death rates increase after patients are diagnosed with osteoporosis. We aimed to develop machine learning-based models to predict the risk of osteoporosis as well as the relative fracture occurrence and prognosis. We selected 749 breast cancer patients from two independent Chinese centers and applied six different methods of machine learning to develop osteoporosis, fracture and survival risk assessment models. The performance of the models was compared with that of current models, such as FRAX, OSTA and TNM, by applying ROC, DCA curve analysis, and the calculation of accuracy and sensitivity in both internal and independent external cohorts. Three models were developed. The XGB model demonstrated the best discriminatory performance among the models. Internal and external validation revealed that the AUCs of the osteoporosis model were 0.86 and 0.87, compared with the FRAX model (0.84 and 0.72)/OSTA model (0.77 and 0.66), respectively. The fracture model had high AUCs in the internal and external cohorts of 0.93 and 0.92, which were higher than those of the FRAX model (0.89 and 0.86). The survival model was also assessed and showed high reliability via internal and external validation (AUC of 0.96 and 0.95), which was better than that of the TNM model (AUCs of 0.87 and 0.87). Our models offer a solid approach to help improve decision making.
Use of budget- and process-based planning in the course of nuclear power plant units construction

This paper deals with approaches to planning and management of development projects in the area of construction, specifically construction of nuclear power plant units, using the tools of the process-based budgeting model. The author considered development project processes, linked them to processes of nuclear power plant units construction and developed a business model of a group of companies, which implements these projects.
The Analysis of Effects of Enhancement Policies for FTA Export Utilization Rate

As the number of FTAs signed by Korea increases, the issue of enhancing utilization in export, which can be called as the fruits of FTAs in terms of trade policies, is attracting a lot of attention. Concerning FTA utilization in export, the government has been making various efforts to increase credibility to origin-related documents including certificate of origin, to increase the approved exporters, and has been spending a lot of financial and human resources on publicity so that more businesses can access the information on origin. These policies taken by the government were confirmed to be mostly useful in enhancing FTA utilization in export by theoretical models and statistical analysis. Even in the case of some policies not confirmed yet, their effects will be proven in the near future through empirical data after the history of FTAs becomes longer. However, there are also some points to be improved to constantly promote FTA utilization. That is, policymakers need to make FTA contracting parties honor the other party’s approved exporter, reduce burdens of FTA utilization caused by post verification, and strengthen cooperation and collaboration with related agencies.
Determinants of Dysfunctional Audit Behavior in the Public Accounting Firms

This study is an empirical examination of the determinants of dysfunctional audit behavior based on professional commitment and organizational commitment, as well as the turnover intention in a public accounting firm. Data were obtained from 100 auditors who have been registered as members of the Indonesian Institute of Certified Public Accountants (IICPA) with a minimum period of active duty of one year using online questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modelling with LISREL. This study concludes that organizational commitment and professional commitment have a negative effect on dysfunctional audit behavior and turnover intention. Commitment is crucial to avoiding dysfunctional audit behavior since persons who are committed are less likely to engage in such behavior. Conversely, the more the turnover intention, the higher the risk of dysfunctional audit behavior. Thus, it is suggested that auditors have emotional relationships, economic values, religious morals, and ethical attitudes when performing their duties as public accountants.
NF- (cid:1) B RelA opposes epidermal proliferation driven by TNFR1 and JNK

NF- (cid:1) B inhibition promotes epidermal tumorigenesis; however, whether this reflects an underlying role in homeostasis or a special case confined to neoplasia is un-known. Embryonic lethality of mice lacking NF- (cid:1) B RelA has hindered efforts to address this. We therefore generated developmentally mature RelA −/− skin. RelA −/− epidermis displays hyperplasia without abnormal differentiation, inflammation, or apoptosis. Hyperproliferation is TNFR1-dependent because Tnfr1 deletion normalized cell division. TNFR1-dependent JNK activation occurred in RelA −/− epidermis, and JNK inhibition abolished hyperproliferation due to RelA deficiency. Thus, RelA antagonizes TNFR1–JNK proliferative signals in epidermis and plays a nonredundant role in restraining epidermal growth. Epidermal are work in the epidermal mitotic index (Fig. 1B,C). Unlike epidermis lacking the upstream NF- (cid:1) B regulator, IKK1/IKK (cid:2) (Hu et al. 2001), or mice with epidermal I (cid:1) B (cid:2) overexpression (Seitz et al. 2000b), RelA −/− mice lacked alterations in epidermal cell death, as assessed histologically and by TUNEL staining (Fig. 1A; Supplemental Fig. 1B). These findings indicate that epidermal RelA deficiency leads to increased prolif- eration without altering apoptosis.
Is the threat against the Tree of life a threat to the wallet? : A study investigating the coconut lethal yellowing disease’s effect on the farmers’ income

Coconuts are one of the most economically important plants in Mozambique, where millions of people depend on income from coconuts. The coconut lethal yellowing disease (CLYD) is a highly destructive disease that ever since the early 90’s causes coconut palms in Mozambique to stop producing fruit and leave the coconut farmers with only empty stems. This thesis examines the disease's effect on the farmers’ income, both from coconuts and other complementary sources, since the vendible harvest should decrease with the incidence of the disease. The method used is multivariate linear regression, where several income variables are used as dependent variables. Two models are created, one only interpreted for the sample of 488 observations and one aiming at generalizing the results. By this study, it cannot be confirmed that the incidence of CLYD has a significant effect on coconut farmers’ income. The results from the sample analysis do however show that the income is affected by the degree of the disease, which is an incentive for continued research in the field.
Evaluation of Geotechnical Design Parameters by Expert System Techniques

This study refers to application of an artificial intelligence technique to evaluate geotechnical design parameters in the soil design definition. This complex evaluation is incorporeted in an expert system framework by using the rules of the reasoning process in a knowledge base developing a data bank suitable to be easily accessed and updates an a run-time base. Some of applicable experts' 'rules of thumb' for estimation of design soil parameters are identified. Such an experts' reasoning scheme is organized and structured in a rule-based format to allow for an easy and effective implementation in the proposed framework.
Visual imagery imitation skills and cognitive functions in patients with Schizophrenia

Background/Objectives Visual demonstration by occupational therapists is very common in psychiatric treatment, however, some patients with schizophrenia could not imitate the actions despite the absence of any physical impairments. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify how cognitive functions such as attention and cognitive processes in the imitation process is necessary and how these processes were related to the ability to convert this into action (imitation) in patients with schizophrenia. Method The participants were patients with schizophrenia with mean age 59.2 (± 11.3) years, 23 were men and 10 were women. The participants were tested for imitation ability and cognitive function, working memory, and motor imagery. Results Three subjects achieved full scores in the visual imitation test. However, the median of the total score was 10.0, with many subjects failing to imitate multiple tasks. Imitation learning is associated with duration of illness(t = −4.09, p = .000), mental health(t = −2.30, p = .029), and cognitive function such as the ability to retain visual information(t = −2.97, p = .006), and that these factors are interrelated. Conclusion To effectively promote imitation learning in patients with schizophrenia, occupational therapists need to establish teaching methods that make it easier for learners to retain visual information from the early stages of their illness.
A remote medical monitoring system based on GSM network

This paper presents a remote medical monitoring system based on GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) network. It is a kind of family medical network system. Firstly, the system structure of the monitoring system is proposed, and then the design of each module is introduced. This system takes advantage of the powerful GSM network to implement remote communication in the form of short messages and uses FPGA as the control center to realize the family medical monitoring network.
Novel Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Biofilm Infections in Catheters after Radical Cystectomy: A Pilot Study

Catheter-associated infections in bladder cancer patients, following radical cystectomy or ureterocutaneostomy, are very frequent, and the development of antibiotic resistance poses great challenges for treating biofilm-based infections. Here, we characterized bacterial communities from catheters of patients who had undergone radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We evaluated the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, alone or combined with the human ApoB-derived antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla, to treat ureteral catheter-colonizing bacterial communities on clinically isolated bacteria. Microbial communities adhering to indwelling catheters were collected during the patients’ regular catheter change schedules (28 days) and extracted within 48 h. Living bacteria were characterized using selective media and biochemical assays. Biofilm growth and novel antimicrobial strategies were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Statistical analyses confirmed the relevance of the biofilm reduction induced by conventional antibiotics (fosfomycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline) and a well-characterized human antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla (1:20 ratio, respectively). Catheters showed polymicrobial communities, with Enterobactericiae and Proteus isolates predominating. In all samples, we recorded a meaningful reduction in biofilms, in both biomass and thickness, upon treatment with the antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla in combination with low concentrations of conventional antibiotics. The results suggest that combinations of conventional antibiotics and human antimicrobial peptides might synergistically counteract biofilm growth on ureteral catheters, suggesting novel avenues for preventing catheter-associated infections in patients who have undergone radical cystectomy and ureterocutaneostomy.