Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of miR-122 and Other Biomarkers in Distinct Acute Liver Injury in Rats

The detection of drug-induced hepatotoxicity remains an important safety issue in drug development. A liver-specific microRNA species, microRNA-122 (miR-122), has recently shown potential for predicting liver injury in addition to the standard hepatic injury biomarkers. The objective of this study was to measure miR-122 together with several other liver markers in distinct settings of acute liver toxicity in rats to determine the value of miR-122 as a biomarker for liver injury in this species. Rats were exposed to 3 well-established liver toxicants (acetaminophen, allyl alcohol, and α-naphthyl isothiocyanate), a liver-enzyme inducer (phenobarbital), or a cardiotoxicant (doxorubicin). There was a clear increase in plasma miR-122 following administration of acetaminophen, allyl alcohol, and α-naphthyl isothiocyanate. The response of miR-122 paralleled that of other markers and was consistent with liver injury as indicated by histopathological evaluation. Furthermore, the changes in miR-122 were detected earlier than standard liver injury markers and exhibited a wide dynamic range. In contrast, miR-122 responses to phenobarbital and doxorubicin were low. Based on these findings, miR-122 shows significant promise and may provide added value for assessing liver toxicity in drug development.
Laboratory detection of 'aspirin resistance': what test should we use (if any)?

Aspirin is widely used to decrease the risk of occlusive arterial events in patients at risk. It irreversibly inhibits the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)-dependent synthesis of thromboxane A2 (TxA2), which is essential for the full aggregation response of platelets. In the last years, the issue of ‘aspirin resistance’ has been emphasized in the medical literature.1–4 Despite several studies published on this subject, its definition, diagnosis, prevalence, causes, and clinical consequences are still uncertain.1 The term ‘resistance’ to a drug should be used when a drug is unable to hit its pharmacological target, due to inability to reach it (as a consequence of reduced bioavailability, in vivo inactivation, negative interaction with other substances) or to alterations of the target.1 Based on this definition, the term ‘resistance’ to aspirin should be limited to situations in which aspirin is unable to inhibit COX-1-dependent TxA2 production (and, consequently, TxA2-dependent platelet functions). ### ‘Aspirin resistance’ vs. ‘treatment failure’ If the anti-thrombotic effects of aspirin are dependent on inhibition of COX-1, one would expect that patients in whom aspirin does not inhibit COX-1 do not benefit from the protection that this drug provides and are exposed to high risk of atherothrombotic events. However, it is incorrect to consider ‘resistant’ to aspirin all those patients who experience atherothrombotic events while on treatment. This phenomenon has been named ‘clinical resistance’, but it should be more properly termed ‘treatment failure’. 1,2 It can be observed with any kind of treatment and is expected to be particularly frequent for drugs, like aspirin and all other anti-thrombotic agents, that are used to prevent multi-factorial diseases, such as those associated with vascular occlusion, independently of their efficacy to hit their pharmacological targets. ### ‘Aspirin resistance’ vs. ‘high on-treatment residual platelet reactivity’ In consideration of the importance of TxA2 pathway in platelet activation, one would expect that … Corresponding author. Tel: +39 (0) 250323095; fax: +39 (0) 250323095. E-mail address : marco.cattaneo{at}unimi.it
LINGELING , T REENGELING and Y AL SAT Entering the SAT Competition 2017

This paper serves as a first solver description for our new SAT solver CADICAL and documents the versions of our other solvers submitted to the SAT Competition 2017, which are LINGELING, its two parallel variants TREENGELING and PLINGELING, and our local search solver YALSAT. LINGELING,PLINGELING, TREENGELING,YALSAT Our focus in the SAT Competition 2016 was on our new SAT solver SPLATZ [1]. It tried to simplify the LINGELING design, and further implemented a first inprocessing [2] version of blocked clause decomposition for SAT sweeping to detect equivalences. In the same spirit, we focus on a new solver called CADICAL in the SAT Competition 2017. We submitted to the agile, main, and no-limit tracks of the SAT Competition 2017 the LINGELING version bbe, which except for some minor bug fixes in the code for picking random decisions is the same as the version entering the SAT Competition 2016 [1]. Its parallel extensions PLINGELING and TREENGELING submitted to the parallel track have the same version bbe accordingly. They were were marking the state-ofthe-art in the parallel track of the SAT Competition 2016 [3] and have not changed at all. The same applies to our local search solver YALSAT which also did not really change and was submitted as version 03s to the random track only.
SYSTEMS-LEVEL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT Regional Level Influenza Study with GeoTagged Twitter Data

The rich data generated and read by millions of users on social media tells what is happening in the real world in a rapid and accurate fashion. In recent years many researchers have explored real-time streaming data from Twitter for a broad range of applications, including predicting stock markets and public health trend. In this paper we design, implement, and evaluate a prototype system to collect and analyze influenza statuses over different geographical locations with real-time tweet streams. We investigate the correlation between the Twitter flu counts and the official statistics from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and discover that real-time tweet streams capture the dynamics of influenza cases at both national and regional level and could potentially serve as an early warning system of influenza epidemics. Furthermore, we propose a dynamic mathematical model which can forecast Twitter flu counts with high accuracy.
Role of lung pericytes and resident fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.

RATIONALE The origin of cells that make pathologic fibrillar collagen matrix in lung disease has been controversial. Recent studies suggest mesenchymal cells may contribute directly to fibrosis. OBJECTIVES To characterize discrete populations of mesenchymal cells in the normal mouse lung and to map their fate after bleomycin-induced lung injury. METHODS We mapped the fate of Foxd1-expressing embryonic progenitors and their progeny during lung development, adult homeostasis, and after fibrosing injury in Foxd1-Cre; Rs26-tdTomato-R mice. We studied collagen-I(α)1-producing cells in normal and diseased lungs using Coll-GFP(Tg) mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Foxd1-expressing embryonic progenitors enter lung buds before 13.5 days post-conception, expand, and form an extensive lineage of mesenchymal cells that have characteristics of pericytes. A collagen-I(α)1-expressing mesenchymal population of distinct lineage is also found in adult lung, with features of a resident fibroblast. In contrast to resident fibroblasts, Foxd1 progenitor-derived pericytes are enriched in transcripts for innate immunity, vascular development, WNT signaling pathway, and cell migration. Foxd1 progenitor-derived pericytes expand after bleomycin lung injury, and activate expression of collagen-I(α)1 and the myofibroblast marker αSMA in fibrotic foci. In addition, our studies suggest a distinct lineage of collagen-I(α)1-expressing resident fibroblasts that also expands after lung injury is a second major source of myofibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the lung contains an extensive population of Foxd1 progenitor-derived pericytes that are an important lung myofibroblast precursor population.
Infinite State Bayes-Nets for Structured Domains

Digital wave observation apparatus includes first and second A/D converters to convert input signals of first and second channels into corresponding first and second digital signals. First and second delay circuits selectively delay the first and second digital signals, and a wave memory stores signals output from the first and second delay circuits for purposes of display. A first command device receives channel designating data corresponding to the first channel and desired delay value setting data, and provides first delay data to a first delay value setting device coupled to the first delay circuit. A second command device receives designating data corresponding to the second channel and desired delay value setting data, and provides second delay data to the first delay value setting device and a second delay value setting device coupled to the second delay circuit.
Using geneid to Identify Genes

The unit describes the usage of geneid. geneid is a very efficient gene‐finding program. It allows for the analysis of large genomic sequences, including whole mammalian chromosomes. These sequences can be partially annotated, and geneid can be used to refine this initial annotation. Parameter configurations exist for a number of eukaryotic species. Geneid produces output in a variety of standard formats. The results, thus, can be processed by a variety of software tools, including visualization programs. Geneid software is in the public domain, and it is undergoing constant development. It is easy to install and use. Exhaustive benchmark evaluations show that geneid compares favorably with other existing gene finding tools.
Distributed/Parallel Reactor Simulations Using the USNRC Consolidated Code

One of the requirements for the USNRC's new consolidated reactor safety analysis code is that it supports parallel computations. A standard form of parallel calculation distributes spatial regions (system components) to copies of the Consolidated Code, running on separate processes. However, a more interesting form of parallel processing uses additional programs to provide special component or process models, to extend the code's capabilities. To permit these two forms of parallel processing, we have created a flexible request driven Exterior Communication Interface (ECI) for use with the Consolidated Code and related applications. At the beginning of a calculation each participating task requests needed information from other tasks by sending an ASCII pneumonic name for each piece of information, and numeric specification of the location of that information (e.g. component number, and mesh cell indices). Both the requesting and responding tasks record information necessary to move the data in transfer tables associated with the appropriate synchronization points. During execution, these transfer tables provide a very efficient mechanism for actual data transfer.
Fetal Concerns Program: A Model for Perinatal Palliative Care

Advances in fetal diagnostics have resulted in families facing a pregnancy complicated by a fetal health concern. Perinatal literature supports that these families benefit from extensive counseling and education presented by a multidisciplinary team. In the program described in this article, perinatal palliative care planning is offered to families who have been told that their fetus has a potentially lethal prognosis. Called the “Fetal Concerns Program,” it was developed to address the complex needs of families whose fetus has anomalies. This article reviews perinatal palliative care concepts and describes the Fetal Concerns Program's development as a perinatal palliative care service within a broader program. The special role of the nurse coordinator of the Fetal Concerns Program is highlighted.
Long-Term Kidney Prognosis and Pathological Characteristics of Late-Onset Lupus Nephritis

Background Arguments still exist on prognosis of late-onset SLE, especially their kidney function. The purpose of this study was to investigate long-term kidney outcomes in patients with late-onset lupus nephritis (LN). Methods A retrospective long-term cohort study was conducted in adult Chinese patients with LN. The patients were divided into late- (>50 years) and early-onset (<50 years) LN groups. The baseline characteristics, especially the kidney pathological characteristics, were compared. The cohort was followed-up for kidney outcome defined as doubling of serum creatinine or ESRD. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the association between late onset LN and its outcomes. Results A total of 1,264 patients were recruited, who were assigned to late-onset LN with 102 patients and early-onset LN with 1,162 patients. The late-onset LN group showed a worse baseline kidney function and more chronic pathological lesions than the early-onset LN group. During a follow-up time of 55 (3, 207) months, 114 (13.1%) deaths occurred, 107 (12.2%) had doubling of creatinine, and 80 (9.1%) developed end-stage kidney disease. The 5- and 10-year survival rates of the late-onset LN group were 67.6 and 50.5%, respectively, which were much worse than those of the early-onset LN group (89.8 and 84.6%, respectively). However, no significant difference was found on kidney survival (log-rank chi-square = 3.55, p = 0.06). Cox regression analysis showed that late-onset LN was an independent risk factor for patient survival (hazard ratio = 3.03, 95% CI (1.39, 6.58), p = 0.005). Increased baseline serum creatinine was an independent risk factor for kidney survival of patients with late-onset LN. Conclusions Patients with late-onset LN had milder active lesions but severer chronic lesions in kidney pathology. They have poorer overall outcome but relatively favorable kidney outcome. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03001973, 22 December 2016 retrospectively registered.
Booster Sessions Enhance the Long-Term Effectiveness of Spaced Retrieval in Older Adults with Probable Alzheimer's Disease

Six older adults with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) were trained to recall a name—face association using the spaced retrieval technique. In this study, we retested these persons in a 6-month follow-up program. For half of the participants, three booster sessions were administered at 6, 12, and 18 weeks after original training to promote long-term retention of the name— face association. Results yielded a mnemonic benefit of the booster sessions at retest. Participants were successful in transferring this association to the actual person in the target photograph. These data confirmed the positive effect of spaced retrieval on recall of a name—face association over a 6-month interval. Implications for memory remediation in cognitively impaired older adults are considered.
Audience Acquisition in Online Resource Mobilization: Quantifying the Relationship with Influential Actors

The literature recognizes the potential of social media as an alternative channel for promoting the causes of social movements, but little is known about the factors that act on the endeavors by social movement organizations to expand their base of supporters in social media environments. Drawing on theories of resource mobilization and social networks, we present a framework for studying how the presence of influential actors or users with a high number of followers in online social networks, can influence the acquisition of new followers by a social movement organization. We collected Twitter data from a major organization in the global justice movement and found evidence that suggests a relationship exists between influential actors and the audience acquired by the social movement organization. However, our model suggests this relationship dwindles as the popularity or number of followers of influential actors reaches extreme large values. Our study sheds light for addressing future questions concerning the factors that drive the propagation of ideologies in social media environments raised by actors of social movements and other social figures in their efforts for bringing about social change.
Model-based input-adaptive vectorization

In a program, not all the bits of a variable are always used during execution. Identifying the minimum number of bits necessary to represent a variable in a program can potentially provide optimization opportunities. Providing the knowledge of bitwidths to a compilation and execution framework will be advantageous if it could use that information to optimize the execution of the program, for instance, being able to select instructions for SIMD vectorization. This paper introduces a framework to exploit the potential vectorizations hidden in a program which is not exposed during static compilation time. Our framework unlocks instruction level data parallelism by using the bitwidths of array like variables that depend on runtime input. Our framework shows a maximum achievable performance gain of 37% and a mean achievable performance gain of 11% against the ICC compiler on our micro benchmark suite.
The first complete mitogenome for the superfamily Cossoidea of Lepidoptera: The seabuckthorn carpenter moth Eogystia hippophaecolus

Abstract We determined the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) for the superfamily Cossoidea of Lepidoptera from the seabuckthorn carpenter moth Eogystia hippophaecolus (GenBank accession No. KC831443). The length of this mitogenome is 15,431 bp with 37 typical animal mitochondrial genes and an A + T-rich region. The tRNA gene trnM was rearranged to the upstream of trnI–trnQ–trnM cluster compared with the pupative ancestral arrangement of insects. All protein-coding genes start with ATN start codon except for the gene cox1, which uses CGA as in other lepidopteran species. Eight protein-coding genes stop with termination codon TAA. One protein-coding gene uses incomplete stop codon TA and four use T. The A + T region is located between rrnS and trnM with a length of 317 bp and A + T content of 92.74%.
TE solutions of an integral equations method for electromagnetic scattering from a 2D cavity

We implement a set of scalar integral equations that govern the electromagnetic scattering from a two-dimensional cavity embedded in an infinite, perfectly conducting ground plane. The cavity may be empty or filled with a dielectric material. We solve the equations via the method of moments for an incident plane wave in TE polarization and compute the monostatic echo width. We give an error estimate of the method and compare our results with those found by a published integral equation solver and a finite-element method scheme.
Study of microstructure of dielectric liquid in high electric field

The method of molecular dynamics (MD) was applied to study the processes in liquid and dense gas under the action of an extremely high electric field. Two following model for a dielectric was used. A substance consisted of the molecules with a constant electrical dipole moment. The parallel code was specially developed using the CUDA technology in order to produce the computations of large ensembles of the molecules with the MD method using the high-performance graphic cards. The correlation function of the orientation of the dipole molecules was calculated for various densities of the substance. The density dependence was studied of the radius of the region in which the ion influences on the molecules with the constant dipole moment. The density dependency of the electric potential well depth near the ion placed in a polar dielectric was obtained. The formation of vapour channels in a liquid dielectric under the action of extremely high electric field (anisotropic spinodal decomposition) was also simulated. It was shown that channels are formed approximately along the electric force lines and the process looks like the formation of cracks in solid body due to mechanical stresses. The results obtained are important for understanding the microprocesses preceding a streamer formation during the process of discharge development in dielectric liquids.
14-3-3 Proteins: Active Cofactors in Cellular Regulation by Serine/Threonine Phosphorylation*

The 14-3-3 proteins are a family of abundant, widely expressed 28–33-kDa acidic polypeptides that spontaneously self-assemble as dimers. The 14-3-3 proteins were first detected by virtue of their relatively high abundance in brain extracts and given their unique name (an unfailing source of curiosity) based on their fraction number on DEAE-cellulose chromatography and migration position on starch gel electrophoresis (1). One or another 14-3-3 iso- forms was repeatedly rediscovered in association with proteins of biologic interest; however, the functions of these polypeptides re- mained speculative until the demonstration by Shaw and col-leagues (2) that 14-3-3 proteins bind to phosphoserine-containing motifs in a sequence-specific manner. This insight enabled a sys-tematic approach to understanding the functional roles of the 14- 3-3 proteins and was followed by the demonstration that the 14-3-3 proteins participate in a wide range of biologic processes acting through a variety of regulatory mechanisms mediated mostly, and perhaps exclusively, through their binding to phosphoserine-con- taining sequence motifs in diverse partners (for review see Refs. 3–9). Other sequence-specific phosphoserine/phosphothreonine- binding domains have been subsequently defined with differing target specificity (Table I) such as WW domains, FHA domains, and WD40 and LRR domains of F-box proteins (reviewed in Refs. 10– 12), complementing the previously defined phosphotyrosine-bind- ing, SH 2 and PTB domains.
Interest in Elections and Electoral Participation

Summary The author stresses that participation has an intrinsic value for the citizens. In addition, it is also important as a means of civic education, a process in which citizens learn civic values. A comparison of electoral participation in democratic polities shows great differences among them. The author argues that the level of voter turnout depends on a number of factors, such as the features of electoral law, the characteristics of social situation, voters’ motivation and political mobilization. Electoral law influences electoral participation in two ways: directly through legal provisions regulating the voting procedure and indirectly through basic characteristics of the electoral system, which more or less motivate the voters. The features of social situation that have an impact on voter turnout include importance of elections, voters’ emotional involvement and uncertainty of electoral outcome. Voters’ motivation depends on the type of individual involvement in politics, which ranges from a minority of political activists to a majority of political spectators, whose involvement is confined to voting, and a large number of apathetic citizens, who don’t care for politics at all. Electoral campaigns can be considered mainly as an instrument to mobilize the supporters of political parties, not the apathetic. In the second part of the article the author looks more closely into features of electoral participation or abstention in Croatia, based on empirical survey data from 1990 to 2003. His findings show that mainly two factors are important for the level of participation: the individual feeling of either helplessness or positive impact in politics and the sense of political responsibility. Unlike in most other democracies, socio-economic status doesn’t have a significant impact on participation in Croatia.
Assessment of N-1 criteria using energy storage

The goal of the Transmission System Operator is to run its power system in a reliable manner, incurring the lowest possible values of SAIDI and SAIFI indices to its consumers. This is achieved by using meshed networks, where after an outage of a line power flows through the remaining lines still satisfy all the technical constraints. However, in some cases it is difficult and costly to ensure parallel lines, which automatically voids the N-1 criterion. This paper examines generalized cases in which an energy storage system is used to increase security of supply. Specifically, energy storage is used to provide N-1 security reserve for a limited amount of time at locations where installation of additional transmission lines is difficult and costly, e.g., remote islands. Besides providing theoretical results, the paper presents a case study based on an Adriatic island within the Croatian power system.