Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decreased Blood Glucose and Histopathology Improvement
in Hyperbaric Hyperoxic Conditions Alloxan-induced
rats(Laboratory Experimental Study)

Background: Diabetes mellitus is still a problem in Indonesia, related to the number of organs involved. This disease has relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. Adjuvant therapy is needed considering the long-term therapy that must be consumed by patients. Objective: To explain the effect of hyperbaric oxygen in reducing blood glucose levels, and repairing histopathological damage to the pancreas and liver. Method : this study was an experimental laboratory study using whistar strain rats (Rattus Norvegicus) which were given a normal diet then induced alloxan to create a hyperglycemia condition. After that, 12 rats from the treatment group were given 3 x 30’ hyperbaric oxygen exposure for 6 days. Blood glucose levels, histopathological changes in the pancreas and liver was measured between the treatment group and the control group were not given hyperbaric oxygen exposure. Results: There was a significant difference (α< 0,05) in decreasing blood glucose and repairing histopathological damage in pancreatic and liver tissue between treated group and control group. Conclusion: hyperbaric oxygen treatment as much as 3 x 30'for days at 2.4 ATA O2 100% reduce blood glucose levels and repair histopathological damage to pancreatic tissue and liver of alloxan- induced white rats.
Studies towards the Synthesis of a Heterobimetallic Zirconium Germanium Complex from Imidozirconocenes, Germanimines and Germylenes

Early-late transition metal heterobimetallic complexes with direct metal to metal interactions are desirable synthetic targets due to the complementary reactivity of the two different metals present in these compounds. The electron-rich late transition metal (often Rh, Ir, Fe, or Mo), and electron-poor early transition metal create an ideal environment for heterolytic bond cleavage in what is often termed ‘cooperative reactivity’. This project aimed to synthesise a zirconium-germanium heterobimetallic complex based on a known heterobimetallic ligand scaffold; 1. The synthesis of the desired heterobimetallic 1 was attempted using two different synthetic approaches. The first involved the investigating the reactivity between an unsaturated zirconium nitrogen bond (an imidozirconocene) and a germanium(II) source with a lone pair of electrons (known as a germylene). The second approach investigated the reactivity between an unsaturated germanium nitrogen bond (a germanimine) and a zirconium(II) source. In order to have the highest chance of success, a wide range of germanium and zirconium complexes were synthesised. The novel germylenes include [Ge(NAPHTMS)] (NAPHTMS = [1,8-((CH3)3Si)N)2C10H6]) and [Ge(BIANMes)] (BIANMes = [((2,4,6-Me(C6H2)N)2)C12H6)]). These proved to be unreactive towards the imidozirconium species [Cp2Zr(NAr*)(THF)] and [Cp2Zr(NDipp)(THF)] (Ar* = (2,6-(C6H5)2CH)-4-(tBu)C6H2), Dipp = (2,6-((CH3)2CH)C6H3)) as well as other amidozirconocenes. However, within these studies, the mixed coordination germanium species [[Ge(NAPHTMS)Ge(Bu)(NAPHTMS)]-[Li(THF4)]+] and [[Ge(NAPHTMS)Ge(Me)(NAPHTMS)]-[Li(THF4)]+]were synthesised. Density functional theory (DFT) molecular orbital calculations were used to help explain the observed reactivity. With regards to the second approach, routes to new germanimine complexes such as [(HMDS)2Ge(NMes)] ((HMDS) = ((CH3)3Si)2N), Mes = (2,4,6-CH3(C6H3))), were explored, and several methods for generating “Cp2Zr” were examined. Although these conditions proved unsuccessful for generating 1, the reaction between dialkyl zirconocene with azides to form novel zirconocene triazenido complexes was discovered and the sterics affecting the synthesis of new germanimine complexes was investigated.
Atomistic Sodiation Mechanism of a Phosphorene/Graphene Heterostructure for Sodium-Ion Batteries Determined by First-Principles Calculations

Black phosphorus has recently attracted significant attention as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs); however, the material suffers from a severe volume change during charge/discharge processes, leading to poor cycle life. To overcome this drawback of black phosphorus, a phosphorene/graphene (P/G) heterostructure was recently proposed, but no atomistic understanding of the sodiation mechanism has yet been reported. In this work, we report an atomistic mechanism for the sodiation of the P/G hybrid material based on first-principles calculations. The layered structure of P/G is maintained up to the composition of Na0.25P/G, which can be referred to as an intercalation process; however, above that composition, further sodiation leads to the dissociation of P−P bonds and the formation of an amorphous NaxP/G structure where the graphene layers are not broken and no Na atoms intercalate into the spaces between two graphene layers, which is referred to as an alloying process. According to our first.
Optical Flow–Based Study Related to Outdoor Tree Pruning Using OpenCV Utilities and Captured Visual Data

—We construct and use wearable sensing systems and various cameras to analyze the characteristics of the motions of trained workers and beginners (sometimes including semi-beginners) in non-specific agricultural jobs, and the differences between them. In recent sequential studies, we developed multitudinous, coverall analysis systems to address various agricultural challenges. We have been contributing to them with investigations verifying the accuracy and utility of our kinematic direct sensing and semi-original program-based visual analysis systems for workers and trainers engaged in the pruning of tree branches using special small saws. Pruning tasks include cutting tree branches and forming shapes to improve ventilation for efficient nourishment and promotion of tree growth. Other purposes of these tasks are to make the trees appear beautiful and to prevent illnesses and breeding of noxious insects. The research analysis is based on nine selected optical flow (OF)–based numerical items (features) used in many other scientific fields. These are extracted from OF vectors calculated from the differences between two successive frames of the obtained digital visual data. The targeted experimental field is situated in the Graduate School of Agriculture of the University of Tokyo in Japan, where the targeted trees are common and adequate for the trials. The targeted task of pruning tree branches is one of the most common movements worldwide, which is why our measurements and proposed indicators are expected to be useful in the future in agricultural fields, especially in developing countries and trend agricultural schools. 
Curvature correction to the field emission current

The curvature of field emitter tips leads to an altered tunneling potential that assumes significance when the radius of curvature is small. The authors provide here an analytical curvature corrected formula for the field emission current from axially symmetric emitters aligned in the direction of the asymptotic electric field. Its domain of applicability is tested across a range of apex radius, R a, and local electric field, E a. It is found to give excellent results for R a > 5 nm and E a > 5 V / nm with errors generally less than 10 %. Surprisingly, for the uncorrected potential, the authors find the errors to be high even at R a = 100 nm ( >35% at E a = 3 V / nm) and conclude that curvature correction is essential for apex radius less than a micron.The curvature of field emitter tips leads to an altered tunneling potential that assumes significance when the radius of curvature is small. The authors provide here an analytical curvature corrected formula for the field emission current from axially symmetric emitters aligned in the direction of the asymptotic electric field. Its domain of applicability is tested across a range of apex radius, R a, and local electric field, E a. It is found to give excellent results for R a > 5 nm and E a > 5 V / nm with errors generally less than 10 %. Surprisingly, for the uncorrected potential, the authors find the errors to be high even at R a = 100 nm ( >35% at E a = 3 V / nm) and conclude that curvature correction is essential for apex radius less than a micron.
Synthesis of an ABC Type Triblock Copolymer on MWCNT Surface: Structural, Thermal, Electrical and SEM Characterization

Abstract : Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) attached to ethylene glycol (MWNT-OH) were grafted with ring-opening polymerization of e-caprolactone (MWNT-pCL). Initiating sites for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) were formed by end acylation of MWNT-pCLwith α-bromopropionyl bromide. After styrene was polymerized by ATRP on the surface of the macroinitiator (MWNT-pCL-Br) in presence of CuBr/2,2′-bipyridine as catalyst at 110 o C, the triblock copolymer (MWNT-pCL-b-PS-b-pGMA) was prepared by the aid of the same technique using glycidyl methacrylate as monomer, at the same catalyst and temperature conditions, by using the diblock copolymer (MWNT-pCL-b-PS) as macroinitiator. The 1 HNMR studies show that structure in terms of mer number per molecule of the ABC type triblock copolymer is MWNT-p(CL) 6 - b -P(S) 36 - b -p(GMA) 1080 . The determination of chemical structure of the triblock copolymer was carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal properties were investigated by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The Tg value estimated from the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant, the dielectric loss factor, and the ac conductivity for the triblock copolymer, is in agreement with the DSC value. The results of the dielectric constant and ac conductivity of the triblock copolymer were also discussed.
Modélisation des modifications structurales, électroniques et thermodynamiques induites par les défauts ponctuels dans les oxydes mixtes à base d'actinides (U,Pu)O2

(U,Pu)O2 (aussi appele MOX) est actuellement utilise comme combustible dans les reacteurs nucleaires a eau pressurisee (REP) avec une teneur massique en Pu d’environ 10 %. Il est egalement envisage comme combustible de reference pour les reacteurs a neutrons rapides a caloporteur sodium, avec une teneur massique en Pu d’environ 25 %. En conditions operationnelles, (U,Pu)O2 est soumis a des reactions de fission qui generent une grande quantite de defauts et de produits de fission. Par migration, ces defauts et produits de fission gazeux peuvent s'agreger en nano-cavites, dislocations et bulles de gaz, conduisant a une modification de la microstructure. Une meilleure description du comportement du combustible a l’echelle atomique, notamment des mecanismes elementaires impliques dans la diffusion des defauts et des produits de fission, est donc necessaire pour affiner les modeles utilises dans les codes de performance des combustibles. Pour l’etude des proprietes de (U,Pu)O2, nous avons effectue des calculs de structure electronique bases sur la methode DFT+U combinee au controle des matrices d’occupation des orbitales correlees. Des minimisations d’energie ainsi que la dynamique moleculaire ab initio ont ete utilisees. Nous avons etudie dans un premier temps les proprietes du cristal de (U,Pu)O2 pour differentes teneurs en Pu. Nous avons ensuite etudie la stabilite des defauts ponctuels ainsi que les modifications structurales et electroniques induites par ces defauts ponctuels dans (U,Pu)O2 et (U,Ce)O2, materiau utilise comme simulant de (U,Pu)O2. Enfin, nous avons etudie le piegeage et la solubilite des gaz de fission (Kr, Xe) et de l’helium dans la matrice de (U,Pu)O2
Reactions Involved in Phenolics Degradation from Sugarcane Juice Treated by Ozone

ABSTRACT Ozone as an alternative process for the clarification of sugarcane juice has been studied because it presents as an advantage the mineralization of organic compounds that cause color in the crystal sugar. No residues harmful to humans were found after ozonation in contrast to the sulphitation process traditionally used. In this work, the degradation by ozonation of flavonoids and phenolic acids were studied using two compounds: rutin and caffeic acid. Ozonation was efficient and was monitored by liquid chromatography, UV scanning and direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. From the collected data, degradation mechanisms and potential mineralization of rutin and caffeic acid after ozonation were proposed.
Columnar Liquid Crystals Self-Assembled by Minimalistic Peptides for Chiral Sensing and Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Silica

We report the spontaneous formation of lyotropic liquid crystals from the self-assembly of a series of minimalistic peptides. The highly charged peptides could self-assemble into rigid helical nanofilaments in water and spontaneously order into hexagonal liquid-crystalline phases with interfilament separations of ≤240 A. The formation of liquid crystals from the self-assembly of such simple peptides is dictated not only by the concentration and pH but also by the amino acid sequence of the peptides. Peptides containing the rigid Phe-Phe (FF) segment showed much higher propensities to form a liquid-crystalline phase with long-range order. Moreover, because of the intrinsic chirality of the peptides, the self-assembled birefringent liquid crystals could serve as sensing elements for the visual discrimination of chiral species and as templates for the biomimetic synthesis of mesoporous silica with ordered cavities. The results offer new opportunities for the design of peptide liquid crystals that are potenti.
The Choices of a Group of Chemistry Trainee Teachersusing Thematic Teaching/Learning Materials

Since social historical psychology has led us to take into account the ideas that students take to the classroom, teacher training courses have been committed to prepare them for this task. This study was conducted in an attempt to choices that the in-training chemistry teachers make when developing classes having a thematic didactic material that associates Science, Technology and Society (STS) assumptions, in particular, teaching based on themes. The weekly meetings and the school classes were filmed and analysed. The classes were very interactive and sometimes dialogic. The teaching/learning materials made it easier the appropriation of some contemporary trends on teaching contributed to the construction of a more reflective practice.
Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019

Domestic Production and Use: Significant U.S. niobium mine production has not been reported since 1959. Domestic niobium resources are of low grade, some are mineralogically complex, and most are not commercially recoverable. Forty-three companies in the United States produced niobium-containing materials from imported niobium minerals, oxides, and ferroniobium. Niobium was consumed mostly in the form of ferroniobium by the steel industry and as niobium alloys and metal by the aerospace industry. Major end-use distribution of reported niobium consumption was as follows: steels, 79%; and superalloys, 21%. In 2014, the estimated value of niobium consumption was $500 million, as measured by the value of imports.
Hydro-environmental pollution of Turag river in Bangladesh

The pollution due to minerals and anions in surface water and their settlement tendency on sediment of the Turag river has been studied. Higher concentration of potassium and phosphate ion in surface water and similar deposition on sediment has been recorded. The observed average concentration of Na, K, Cl-, PO4 3- in surface water and in surface sediment was 22.10, 13.20, 108.50, 17.80 mg/L and 1359.07, 2526.10, 37.50, 31.76 mg/kg, respectively. This high concentration of minerals and anions in surface water and sediments indicates that hidro-environment of the Turag river is badly affected.The minerals and ions are strongly correlated (r = 0.99) which implies that they come from similar sources and forcefully added to the river in a regular basis. Principal component analysis reveals that only one principal component is covering more than 99 % of cumulative variance. There are very few variations of parameters in the principal component to indicate that all parameters exert similar effect on hydro-environment and are contributing to deteriorate the ecological balance.These are supported by dendrogram analysis.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(3), 161-168, 2018
The Effect of Block Class Scheduling on the Achievements of Primary School Students in Nature and Biology Classes

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the class scheduling of Nature and Biology classes in blocks results in better learning success for primary school students, and whether this depends on the average student success rate (i.e., student performance categories), age, or prior knowledge. For this study, we have assumed that block scheduling results in better success rates for older lower-performing primary-school students. The research included 773 fifth- to eighth-grade students from 14 Croatian primary schools. The students fell into two groups: one group attending 45-min Nature and Biology lessons twice a week (single-scheduled classes), and another group attending a 90-min lesson once a week (block-scheduled class). To assess the level of student learning success, all students underwent both an initial and final written exam in Nature and/or Biology, specific to each grade. The rmANOVA proved that there was a significant interaction among class scheduling, performance categories, and the initial and final written exam scores of fifth- and seventh-grade students. Such a correlation was not found among the sixth- and eighth-grade students. Our findings further indicate that students achieve better results in block-scheduled classes at the end of primary school education, and that block class scheduling does not necessarily result in improved student achievement, particularly in lower-performing students.
Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

Synthetic polymers have had a major impact on the biomedical field. However, all polymers have their advantages and disadvantages, so that the selection of a certain polymeric material always is a compromise with regard to many properties, such as synthetic accessibility, solubility, thermal properties, biocompatibility, and degradability. The development of novel polymers with superior properties for medical applications is the focus of many research groups. The present study highlights the use of poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPOx), as biocompatible functional polymer to develop synthetic hydrogel materials using a simple straightforward synthesis protocol. A library of hydrogels was obtained by chemical cross-linking of PiPOx, using eight different nontoxic and bio-based dicarboxylic acids. The equilibrium swelling degree of the final material can be modulated by simple modification of the composition of the reaction mixture, including the polymer concentration in the feed ratio between the 2-oxazo.
ANTHRAQUINONES: A SCAFFOLD HOPE TO NOVEL γ-AMINO BUTYRIC ACID AMINOTRANSFERASE INHIBITORS

Introduction: γ-amino butyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme that catalyses the degradation of γ-amino butyric acid (GABA). γ-amino butyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) inhibitors are used to treat epilepsy. Objective: The aim of this study was to search anthraquinone scaffolds as novel GABA-AT inhibitors using virtual screening based approach. Materials and Methods: AutoDock Tools® 1.4. 6 and MGL Tools® 1.5. 4 software were used to find out binding score, inhibition constant and conformational poses of the ligands inside the active site. AutoDock uses interaction maps to generate ensemble of low energy conformations and AMBER force field to estimate the free energy of binding of a ligand to its target. Result and Discussion: Estimated binding energies of top scoring molecules (derivatives of the natural product anthraquinone) were found quite low (e-53M) as compared to that of vigabtrin (-5.5 Kcal/mol). Conclusion: These theoretical findings suggesting, the utility of virtual screening as a computational tool as well as significance of anthraquinone scaffolds as potential GABA-AT in-activators.
Ameliorative Potential of Euphorbia hirta (Linn.) Extract against Lipopolysaccharide Induced-neuroinflammation and Oxidative Damage in Rats

Objective: To find out the antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory capabilities of Euphorbia hirta Linn. methanol extract in LPS-induced to oxidative stress animal model. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce oxidative stress in rats. Oxidative stress bio-markers (TBARS, GSH, CAT and SOD) were evaluated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Griess assay were used analysis of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and nitric oxide (NO) level in brain tissues respectively. An anxiety was calculated by elevated plus maze test. Result: LPS treated rats showed markedly depleted brain reduced glutathione (GSH) level (56.25%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) level (43.93%) and catalase (CAT) level (58.55%) in brain tissue, whereas a significant (p<0.01) raise in malondialdehyde (MDA) level (106.67%), nitric oxide (NO) level (149.0%) and also depicts a significant increase in levels of cytokines mainly TNF-α (60 %), IL-6 (50.28%) and IL-1β (106.77%) in the brain tissue. After 21 days, rats were supplementated orally with methanol extract of Euphorbia hirta (MEEH) in two different doses 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, resulted in normalization of GSH, CAT and SOD levels in dose dependent manner, while a significant (p<0.01) decreased in the MDA, cytokines and nitric oxide levels in the brain tissue, compared with LPS group. The behavioral study of time spent in open arms using maze model showed a significant results. Conclusion: The pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and oxidative stress bio-markers (TBARS, GSH, CAT and SOD) are inhibited by MEEH. Present study showed that the MEEH exhibited strong anti-oxidant properties.
Gel properties of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and chicken mixture gels as affected by setting temperatures

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of setting temperatures (30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 45°C, and 50°C) on gel properties and protein profiles of paste gels derived from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and chicken meat. The mixture composed of 50% (w/w) chicken meat and 50% (w/w) silver carp meat, and the three paste gels, were assessed based on color, gel strength, TPA, water distribution, chemical interactions, and SDS-PAGE. Chicken gels had better gel properties and a higher content of immobilized water than the mixture or fish gels, regardless of setting conditions. On the other hand, an appropriate setting temperature for the three paste gels promoted aggregation of the myosin heavy chain (MHC) and the formation of hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds, which resulted in superior gel properties. Pre-incubation at 40°C enhanced gel properties of fish meat, but pre-incubation at 45°C and 50°C were appropriate for achieving better gels for the mixture and chicken, respectively. These results indicated that there is the potential to obtain mixed products and new meat products by utilizing chicken and fish meat that have improved gel properties.