Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of Hybrid Method for the Modeling of Evaporation and Evapotranspiration

Evaporation is the process whereby liquid water is converted to water vapor and removed from the evaporating surface. In hydrological practice, the estimation of evaporation can be achieved by direct or indirect methods. Direct method is based on the field measurements. Evaporation pan have also been used and compared to estimate evaporation by researchers (Choudhury, 1999; McKenzie and Craig, 2001; Vallet-Coulomb et al., 2001). The Class A evaporation pan is one of the most widely used instruments for the measurements of evaporation from a free water surface. The pan evaporation (PE) is widely used to estimate the evaporation of lakes and reservoirs (Finch, 2001). Many researchers have tried to estimate the evaporation through the indirect methods using the climatic variables, but some of these techniques require the data which cannot be easily obtained (Rosenberry et al., 2007). Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of volume of water used by vegetation, evaporated from the soil, and intercepted precipitation (Singh, 1988). ET plays an important role in our environment at global, regional, and local scales. ET is observed using a lysimeter directly or can be calculated using the water balance method or the climatic variables indirectly. Because the measurements of ET using a lysimeter directly, however, requires much unnecessary time and needs correct and careful experience, it is not always possible in field measurements. Thus, an empirical approach based on the climatic variables is generally used to calculate ET (Penman, 1948; Allen et al., 1989). In the early 1970s, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, developed practical procedures to calculate the crop water requirements (Doorenbos & Pruitt, 1977), which have become the widely accepted standard for irrigation studies. A common practice for estimating ET from a well-watered agricultural crop is to calculate the reference crop ET such as the grass reference ET (ETo) or the alfalfa reference ET (ETr) from a standard surface and to apply an appropriate empirical crop coefficient, which accounts for the difference between the standard surface and the crop ET. Recently, the outstanding results using the neural networks model in the fields of PE and ET modeling have been obtained (Bruton et al., 2000; Sudheer et al., 2003; Trajkovic et al., 2003; Trajkovic, 2005; Keskin and Terzi, 2006; Kisi, 2006; Kisi, 2007; Zanetti et al., 2007; Jain et al., 2008; Kumar et al., 2008; Landeras et al., 2008; Kisi, 2009; Kumar et al., 2009; Tabari et al.,
Screening for Intellectual Disability in Children

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Subgraphs-world Process in the Ising Model

The physics of phase transitions can be modeled by an arrangement of sites in a d-dimensional lattice known as the Ising model, in which each site is assigned either a positive or negative spin. In this paper, we will rst provide an introduction to the Ising model. We will dene the partition function of an Ising system, and present the problem of its computation. In 1993, Jerrum and Sinclair developed a revolutionary new approximation algorithm for the partition function of an arbitrary ferromagnetic Ising system. The key innovation Jerrum and Sinclair presented is a new Markov chain known as the Subgraphs-world model from which we can sample random states of the Ising system. The Subgraphsworld chain proves to be rapidly mixing, which allows us to eciently approximate the partition function through sampling. We will introduce the chain, and show that it is rapidly mixing.
Machine oil inhibits the osseointegration of orthopaedic implants by impairing osteoblast attachment and spreading

The most important factor contributing to short‐term and long‐term success of cementless total joint arthroplasties is osseointegration. Osseointegration leads to a direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of an implant. Surface contaminants may remain on orthopaedic implants after sterilization procedures and impair osseointegration. For example, specific lots of hip replacement Sulzer Inter‐OPTM acetabular shells that were associated with impaired osseointegration and early failure rates were found to be contaminated with both bacterial debris and machine oil residues. However, the effect of machine oil on implant integration is unknown. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine if machine oil inhibits the osseointegration of orthopaedic implants. To test this hypothesis in vivo we used our murine model of osseointegration where titanium alloy implants are implanted into a unicortical pilot hole in the mid‐diaphysis of the femur. We found that machine oil inhibited bone‐to‐implant contact and biomechanical pullout measures. Machine oil on titanium alloy discs inhibited early stages of MC3T3‐E1 osteogenesis in vitro such as attachment and spreading. Inhibition of osteoblast attachment and spreading occurred in both areas with and without detectable oil. Osteoblast growth was in turn inhibited on discs with machine oil due to both a decrease in proliferation and an increase in cell death. Later stages of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization on titanium alloy discs were also inhibited. Thus, machine oil can inhibit osseointegration through cell autonomous effects on osteoblast cells. These results support routine testing by manufacturers of machine oil residues on orthopaedic implants. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:979–987, 2015.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 5-2-2012 REDUCING INFORMATION OVERLOAD : DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF FILTERING & RANKING ALGORITHMS FOR SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

Recognizing the detrimental impact of information overload on user participation, in this paper we design and evaluate several algorithms to filter and rank the information on Social Networking Sites (SNS). As a first step we identify the factors that impact user evaluations of information shared through these networks in a set of regression analyses. Second, we use a Neural Network algorithm to predict three dimensions of user evaluations: affective, cognitive and instrumental value of information shared. Moreover, we design algorithms that allow not only to filter out the irrelevant information, but also rank the information on SNS in order of its relevance. As a result, the filtering algorithm accurately predicts in 73% of the cases, whereas for more than 70% of the users the individual ranking accuracy lies over 70%. The designed algorithms can be implemented by SNS providers in order to present users with more relevant and better structured information.
Eccentric exercise in patients with chronic health conditions: a systematic review.

PURPOSE The capacity of eccentric actions to produce muscle hypertrophy, strength gains, and neural adaptations without stressing the cardiopulmonary system has led to the prescription of eccentric training programmes in patients with low tolerance to exercise, such as elders or those with chronic health conditions. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the evidence regarding the effectiveness and suitability of eccentric training to restore musculoskeletal function in patients with chronic diseases. SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS Relevant articles were identified from nine databases and from the reference lists of key articles. Articles were assessed to determine level of evidence and scientific rigour. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. According to Sackett's levels of evidence, 7 studies were graded at level IIb, 1 study at level IV, and the remaining study at level V. Articles were also graded for scientific rigour according to the PEDro scale. One study was rated as high quality, 4 studies were rated as moderate, and 2 studies were graded as poor quality. CONCLUSIONS Eccentric training may be safely used to restore musculoskeletal function in patients with some specific chronic conditions. However, the heterogeneity of diseases makes it very difficult to extrapolate results and to standardize clinical recommendations for adequate implementation of this type of exercise. More studies are needed to establish the potential advantages of eccentric training in chronic conditions.
Shortcut in DIC

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Shortcut in DIC error assessment induced by image interpolation used for subpixel shifting Michel Bornert, Pascal Doumalin, Jean-Christophe Dupré, Christophe Poilâne, Laurent Robert, Evelyne Toussaint, Bertrand Wattrisse
Effect of superdisintegrants and their mode of incorporation on disintegration time and release profile of carbamazepine from immediate release tablet

Article history: Received on: 10/03/2013 Revised on: 13/05/2013 Accepted on: 22/05/2013 Available online: 30/05/2013 In this experiment the effect of mode of incorporation of some superdisintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone (kollidon CL), ludiflash and Xanthan gum (XG) on dissolution profile and disintegration time of carbamazepine (CBZ), apoorly water soluble drug was studied. The superdisintegrants were incorporated by extragranularly, intragranularly and in direct compression method. Different amount of superdisintegrants (1%, 3% and 6%) was incorporated in different formulations whereas all the other excipients as well as the active drug remained same. The results indicated that sodium starch glycolate, when incorporated extragranularly in wet granulation method significantly enhanced the release profile of CBZ. Kollidon CL was the most effective superdisintegrant in decreasing disintegration time of different tablet formulations (1.95 minutes when extragranularly incorporated). On the other hand, tablets prepared with SSG were found most effective in % drug release irrespective of its mode of incorporation (99.99% when extragranularly incorporated and 99.75 when intragranularly incorporated within one hour). Tablets prepared by direct compression method also showed similar drug release with other methods but tablet hardness was found lower. So addition of superdisintegrants in tablet formulation may be an effective technique to comply compendial drug release.
Comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography mass spectrometric profiling of the rat hippocampal proteome

In this study, we performed the first high‐throughput and comprehensive proteomic profiling of the rat hippocampal proteome. Using a combination of 2‐D LC‐MS and data analysis with the Rosetta Elucidator® system, we identified 1340 unique proteins. Functional classification showed that most of these were associated with synaptic function and comprised a high proportion of phosphorylated proteins and analytically challenging classes of membrane proteins such as ion channel receptor subunits.
Recovery of proprioceptive feedback from nerve crush

Non‐Technical Summary Regeneration of muscle nerves damaged by crush reconnects the peripheral limb of neural circuits that pass through the spinal cord, but the mechanisms underlying functional recovery remain uncertain. We examined the actions of natural muscle stretch that initiates muscle contraction, i.e. the stretch reflex, through a spinal circuit that aids in adjusting body movement and posture in response to destabilizing forces in the external environment. Stretch applied to muscles reinnervated by crushed nerves produced reflexive contraction that was more forceful than normal, despite yielding less than normal synaptic excitation to spinal motoneurons. Incomplete recovery of synaptic function by stretch‐activated sensory neurons means that the enhanced stretch reflex contraction necessarily involves additional neural adaptations, possibly increased motoneuron excitability. These findings give further support to the importance of the central nervous system in restoring the ability of the regenerated neuromuscular system to respond to external disturbances of movement and posture.
Towards a unified approach to learning and adaptation

The aim of this thesis is to develop a system that enables autonomous and situated agents to learn and adapt to the environment in which they live and operate. In doing so, the system exploits both adaptation through learning and evolution. A unified approach to learning and adaptation, which combines the principles of neural networks, reinforcement learning and evolutionary methods, is used as a basis for the development of the system. In this regard, a novel method, called Evolutionary Acquisition of Neural Topologies (EANT), of evolving the structures and weights of neural networks is developed. The method introduces an efficient and compact genetic encoding of a neural network onto a linear genome that encodes the topology of the neural network implicitly in the ordering of the elements of the linear genome. Moreover, it enables one to evaluate the neural network without decoding it. The presented genetic encoding is complete in that it can represent any type of neural network. In addition to this, it is closed under both structural mutation and a specially designed crossover operator which exploits the fact that structures originating from some initial structure have some common parts. For evolving the structure and weights of neural networks, the method uses a biologically inspired meta-level evolutionary process where new structures are explored at larger timescale and existing structures are exploited at smaller timescale. The evolutionary process starts with networks of minimal structures whose initial complexity is specified by the domain expert. The introduction of neural structures by structural mutation results in a gradual increase in the complexity of the neural networks along the evolution. The evolutionary process stops searching for the solution when a solution with the necessary minimum complexity is found. This enables EANT to find optimal neural structures for solving a given learning task. The efficiency of EANT is tested on couple of learning tasks and its performance is found to be very good in comparison to other systems tested on the same tasks.
Influence of Experience on Age Differences in Cognitive Functioning

To the extent that adult age differences in measures of cognitive performance have implications for functioning outside the psychological laboratory, the question of the role of experience as a potential moderator of these differences becomes extremely important. Three categories of research relevant to this issue are reviewed, and methodological limitations of each type of research are discussed. Although it is frequently asserted that experience minimizes cognitive differences associated with aging, the evidence currently available does not appear consistent with a strong experiential moderation of age-related effects in cognitive performance. However, the paucity of relevant studies and the methodological weaknesses of those that do exist preclude a definitive conclusion at the present time. Additional research with improved methodology is necessary before strong conclusions can be reached concerning effects of experience on age differences in cognition.
Genome Sequence of a Porcine Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain

ABSTRACT Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is an important pathogen which can infect humans and animals and cause many diseases outside the intestine. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of a porcine ExPEC strain, PCN033, isolated from a pig with meningitis.
Does Familiality Predispose to both Emergence and Persistence of Psychosis?

Background It has been suggested that in schizophrenia an association exists between family history of schizophrenia and poor outcome on the one hand, and family history of affective disorders and good outcome on the other. Method We tested for associations between four-year outcome and familial loading for psychotic disorders in a mixed sample of 150 consecutively admitted patients with functional psychosis (schizophrenia, psychotic affective disorders, other psychotic disorders) of recent onset. For each proband, a familial loading score for (i) broadly defined psychotic disorder, (ii) schizophrenia, and (iii) affective disorder was calculated using information on relatives obtained through the Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria method and direct interviews of relatives with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Results In our sample of psychotic patients, familial loading for psychotic disorder predicted persistent negative symptoms over the follow-up period (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1–2.2), especially in schizophrenia, and was also associated with more time hospitalised (P > 0.05), and more social disability at follow-up (P < 0.05). Greater familial loading for schizophrenia predicted a greater likelihood of non-recovery (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.1–4.4) and a greater likelihood to have had persistent negative symptoms over the follow-up period (OR 1.7; 95% CI 0.9–3.1). No association was found between outcome and familial loading for affective disorder. Conclusions We conclude that familial loading may be a continuous risk factor for some dimensions of clinical outcome in the functional psychoses. This suggests that there is a continuum of genetic liability not only to the emergence of psychotic illness, but also the subsequent chronicity of the disorder.
Combined Pharmacophore and 3D‐QSAR Study on A Series of Staphylococcus aureus Sortase A inhibitors

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus has become a major health concern and it requires new therapeutic agents. Staphylococcus aureus Sortase A enzyme contributes in adherence of bacteria with the cell wall of host cell; consequently, inhibition of S. aureus Sortase A by small molecules could be employed as potential antibacterial agents against methicillin resistant S. aureus. Current study focused on the identification of 3D pharmacophoric features within a series of rhodanine, pyridazinone, and pyrazolethione analogs as S. aureus Sortase A inhibitors. Pharmacophore model was constructed employing representative molecules using Genetic Algorithm with Linear Assignment of Hypermolecular Alignment of Database. The identified pharmacophoric points were then utilized to create alignment hypothesis for three‐dimensional quantitative structure‐activity relationships. Outcome of comparative molecular field analysis and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis experiments were in good agreement (comparative molecular field analysis: q2 = 0.562 and r2 = 0.995, comparative molecular similarity indices analysis: q2 = 0.549 and r2 = 0.978) and capable of explaining the variance in biological activities coherently with respect to the structural features of compounds. The results were also found in concurrence with the outcome of pharmacophoric features.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Anatum Isolated from Horses

Salmonella anatum is a common cause of salmonellosis, an important infectious disease in horses of all ages. These infections range in severity from asymptomatic colonization to serious life-threatening septicemia. In horses, the most common forms of clinical disease are acute enterocolitis with severe diarrhea and septicemia with or without diarrhea. Stress, transportation, hospitalization, antimicrobial therapy, colic, and surgery are risk factors associated with the development of clinical disease. Salmonella typhi-, murium is the serotype isolated most frequently from horses; other frequently isolated serotypes include S. agona, S. anatum, S. krefeld, S. newport, and S. typhimurium var. copenhagen. In the spring of 1991, multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. anatum was cultured from 2 septicemic foals referred for treatment to the University of Wisconsin Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (UWVMTH). Subsequently, 7 more isolates were cultured from horses treated at the UWVMTH and/or an Illinois veterinary clinic. The present report includes the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of these MDR S. anatum. A total of 20 strains of S. anatum were examined for this study. Between April 1991 and August 1992, S. anatum was isolated from 3 septicemic foals and 3 adult horses referred for treatment to the UWVMTH. These animals were referred either from a clinic located in Illinois or by veterinarians from other locations in Illinois and Wisconsin. Two S. anatum isolates were obtained directly from the National Veterinary Service Laboratory (NVSL), Ames, IA. These isolates were from 2 additional horses treated at the Illinois clinic during the spring of 1991. In June 1991, 6 isolates of S. anatum were cultured from an environmental study of the Illinois clinic. Five isolates were obtained from stalls, 1 from a mineral oil bucket, and 1 from a horse being treated at the clinic. In addition, 5 different strains of S. anatum that were obtained at the UWVMTH between August 1986 and May 1991 from horses, cows, and the necropsy room drain were included in this study. These 20 isolates were the only strains of S. anatum cultured at the UWVMTH between August 1986 and August 1992. All strains were stored at -70 C. The isolates were identified using a commercial biochemical strip and were serotyped by NVSL and/or the Central Animal Health Laboratory, Madison, WI. All isolates were serotyped as S. anatum. An automated microbiology system was used to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of tetracy-