Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transformational parenting and coaching on mental toughness and physical performance in adolescent soccer players: The moderating effect of athlete age

Abstract Both parent and coach leadership behaviours are instrumental to adolescent athlete development. Researchers, however, are yet to examine parent and coach leadership influences simultaneously, and at different stages of adolescents’ psychological and physical development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand if the effects of transformational parenting, and transformational coaching on mental toughness and performance varied at different ages during adolescence. Early adolescent (ages 10–14) and late adolescent (ages 15–18) soccer players (n = 334) completed questionnaires assessing their perceptions of their mother’s, father’s, and coach’s transformational leadership, as well as a questionnaire assessing mental toughness. Participants also completed a comprehensive battery of physical fitness tests relevant to soccer. Results indicated that transformational fathering was more strongly associated with levels of mental toughness for early adolescent athletes than it was for later adolescent athletes. Results also indicated that transformational coaching was more strongly associated with physical performance for later adolescent athletes than it was for early adolescents. Overall, these results can inform development models and provide support for future longitudinal studies to assess the impact of parent and coach transformational leadership across different stages of athlete development.
Happy prenatal relationships, healthy postpartum mothers: a prospective study of relationship satisfaction, postpartum stress, and health

Abstract Objective Major life transitions, such as the arrival of a new baby, can be stressful, and therefore, costly to one’s health. Being in a satisfying romantic relationship has been previously linked with better health, perhaps because it provides access to a bank of psychosocial resources. The objective of the present research was two-fold. First, we examined whether prenatal relationship satisfaction benefitted mothers’ postpartum health. Second, we examined whether this association was mediated by reduced postpartum stress. Design: Pregnant women (N = 431) were drawn from a larger prospective pregnancy and birth cohort study. Main Outcome Measures: Participants reported on their relationship satisfaction, perceived stress, and perceived health at two time points: 24–26 weeks of gestation and 6 months postpartum. Results: Greater prenatal romantic satisfaction predicted enhanced perceived postpartum health, and reduced perceived postpartum stress appeared to mediate this link. Conclusion: This research demonstrates that greater prenatal relationship satisfaction is associated with better postpartum health and provides evidence for one potential mechanism for this link: the reduction of perceived postpartum stress. Thus, assessments of women’s prenatal relationship satisfaction may help identify those who are at higher risk of experiencing poor postpartum health. Implications for interventions are discussed.
Landscape scale variation in nectar amino acid and sugar composition in a Lepidoptera pollinated orchid species and its relation with fruit set

Understanding landscape scale variation in reproductive and pollination success is a major aim of plant population biology. A potential determinant of reproductive success that has received surprisingly little attention so far is variation in nectar chemical composition across plant individuals and populations. Using the Lepidoptera pollinated fragrant orchid (Gymnadenia conopsea) as a model species, we aimed at providing a first account of landscape scale variation in nectar amino acid and sugar composition, its environmental drivers, and how it may affect plant fruit set. Nectar was sampled from 986 flowers from 296 individuals across eleven discrete populations of the G. conopsea. The proportions of sugars and amino acids were determined using high‐performance anion‐exchange chromatography. Nectar composition was related to soil characteristics of the populations, and to fruit set, using linear mixed models. Approximately, 20% of the variance in nectar traits was situated between populations, whereas the highest proportion of variance (c. 45%) was found among flowers within individuals. Soil carbon and nitrogen content affected both nectar concentration and composition. Furthermore, fruit set of G. conopsea individuals was found to be significantly related to nectar amino acid and sugar composition. Synthesis. These results show that landscape scale variation in nectar amino acid and sugar composition should be taken into account in future studies of plant reproductive success. Furthermore, there is also high within‐plant variation in both nectar amino acid and sugar composition. This variation may reduce geitonogamous pollination, but it may also limit rapid pollinator‐mediated selection on nectar composition.
COVID-19: Putting the GDPR to the test.

UNSTRUCTURED The COVID-19 pandemic is very much a global health issue, and requires collaborative health research efforts across countries to address it. A valuable source of information for researchers is the large amount of digital health data that are continuously collected by electronic health record systems at health care organizations. The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will be the key legal framework with regard to using and sharing European digital health data for research purposes. However, concerns persist that the GDPR has made many organizations very risk-averse in terms of data sharing, even if the regulation permits such sharing. Health care organizations focusing on individual risk minimization threaten to undermine COVID-19 research efforts. In our opinion, there is an ethical obligation to use the research exemption clause in the GDPR during the COVID-19 pandemic to support global collaborative health research efforts. Solidarity is a European value and here is a chance to exemplify it by using the GDPR regulatory framework in a way that does not hinder but actually fosters solidarity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sexual Dimorphism in Stress‐induced Hyperthermia in SNAP25Δ3 mice, a mouse model with disabled Gβγ regulation of the exocytotic fusion apparatus

Behavioral assays in the mouse can show marked differences between male and female animals of a given genotype. These differences identified in such preclinical studies may have important clinical implications. We recently made a mouse model with impaired presynaptic inhibition through Gβγ‐SNARE signaling. Here, we examine the role of sexual dimorphism in the severity of the phenotypes of this model, the SNAP25Δ3 mouse. In males, we already reported that SNAP25Δ3 homozygotes demonstrated phenotypes in motor coordination, nociception, spatial memory and stress processing. We now report that while minimal sexually dimorphic effects were observed for the nociceptive, motor or memory phenotypes, large differences were observed in the stress‐induced hyperthermia paradigm, with male SNAP25Δ3 homozygotes exhibiting an increase in body temperature subsequent to handling relative to wild‐type littermates, while no such genotype‐dependent effect was observed in females. This suggests sexually dimorphic mechanisms of Gβγ‐SNARE signaling for stress processing or thermoregulation within the mouse. Second, we examined the effects of heterozygosity with respect to the SNAP25Δ3 mutation. Heterozygote SNAP25Δ3 animals were tested alongside homozygote and wild‐type littermates in all of the aforementioned paradigms and displayed phenotypes similar to wild‐type animals or an intermediate state. From this, we conclude that the SNAP25Δ3 mutation does not behave in an autosomal dominant manner, but rather displays incomplete dominance for many phenotypes.
Bayesian stock assessment using catch-age data and the sampling - importance resampling algorithm

Une approche bayesienne a l'evaluation des stocks de poissons exploites par la peche est souhaitable parce qu'elle donne une densite de probabilite (dp) des parametres du modele de population. Cette dp peut aider les gestionnaires des peches a cerner les consequences d'autres politiques de recolte et vehiculer l'incertitude au sujet des quantites d'interet, comme la biomasse de la population. Toutefois, il existe peu d'analyses des prises par âge qui font appel aux methodes de Bayes. Dans le present article, nous etendons l'algorithme echantillonnage - reechantillonnage d'importance de sorte que l'on puisse estimer une dp des parametres du modele de population en utilisant les donnees sur les prises par âge et les indices d'abondance relative. Nous illustrons la methode en estimant une dp a 54 parametres pour la limande a nageoires jaunes (Limanda aspera) dans l'est de la mer de Bering. L'exemple demontre comment les donnees sur les prises par âge peuvent servir a ameliorer grandement l'estimation bayesienne et, egalement, illustre la possibilite d'introduire des biais significatifs lorsqu'on traite les indices d'abondance obtenus a l'aide de releves par chalutage comme etant des mesures absolues de la taille des stocks.
A regioselective, stereoselective synthesis of a diacylglycerophosphocholine hydroperoxide by use of lipoxygenase and lipase

1-Stearoyl-2-[13′-(S)-hydroperoxy-(9′Z, 11′E)-octadecadienoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (11) was synthesized without contamination by any regio- and stereo-chemical isomers by a combination of lipoxygenase-catalysed peroxidation, lipase-catalysed stearoylation, and dicyclohexyl carbodiimide-mediated (DCC) esterification.
Strengthening literature search strategies for systematic reviews reporting population health in the Middle East and North Africa: A meta‐research study

Abstract Objective In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), data are produced in languages other than English and available through gray literature sources. We assessed the comprehensiveness of literature search strategies of systematic reviews (SRs) reporting population health primary data on MENA. Methods Utilizing the registered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42017076736), we conducted a meta‐research analysis on a cohort of SRs (systematic PubMed search: from 2008 to 2016) and evaluated their search strategies following AMSTAR recommendations. Results A total of 379 SRs were included. Few SRs (10.3%, n = 39) conducted a comprehensive literature search including at least two databases, reference lists of included primary studies, gray literature sources, and no language restriction. Nevertheless, 90.5% (n = 343) searched at least two databases and 67.0% (n = 254) searched gray literature sources. Authors from MENA searched statistically more for gray literature than authors from Western countries (P = 0.022). Reference lists of the included studies were searched in 40.4% (n = 153) of the SRs. Searching the reference lists was positively associated with searching for gray literature (P < 0.001). Only 38.8% (n = 147) of the SRs had no language restriction or searched in English and in at least one language relevant to MENA, whereas 27.2% (n = 103) did not report this information. Conclusions Literature searches for SRs reporting population health data on MENA were limited in reporting quality, language restrictions, and lack of reference list searches. This was probably due to lack of adherence to the reporting guidelines. To ensure compilation of optimum evidence, expanding literature searches to reference list search and for additional languages relevant to MENA are required.
The Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation on Electromyographic Muscle Activity in Healthy, Physically Active Individuals: A Systematic Review

Abstract Aim The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on electromyographic (EMG) muscle activity in healthy, physically active individuals. Methods A systematic review of cross-sectional studies, crossover studies and randomized controlled trials was performed to investigate the effects of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on EMG muscle activity in healthy, physically active individuals. Potentially eligible for the systematic review were identified through searches conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct and Scopus, considering publications from January 1980 to August 2019. The terms used in the search were: sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, alkalosis, alkaloses, electromyography, surface electromyography, electromyographies, electromyogram and EMG. Two independent assessors extracted data from the selected articles. Bias analysis was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and methodological quality was appraised using a checklist created based on the guidelines of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and the International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology. Results A total of 67 studies were retrieved and seven were included in this review. Only two studies showed significant differences in muscle activity after sodium bicarbonate supplementation. The different EMG signal capturing, processing, and analysis methods used constitute an important limitation to the comparative analyses of the results reported in the studies selected for the present review. Conclusion The results found do not allow us to affirm whether EMG may or may not be a safe tool to assess the effects of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on muscle activity.
Short‐term neurophysiological effects of sensory pathway neurorehabilitation strategies on chronic poststroke oropharyngeal dysphagia

Neurorehabilitation strategies for chronic poststroke (PS) oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) have been mainly focused on the neurostimulation of the pharyngeal motor cortex with only marginal effects. In contrast, treatments targeting the PS oropharyngeal sensory pathway dysfunction offer very promising results, but there is little knowledge on the underlying mechanisms. We aimed to explore the neurophysiological mechanisms behind the effect of three sensory neurostimulation strategies.
A Sensitive, Rapid, Robust and Reproducible Workflow for Host Cell Protein Profiling in Biopharmaceutical Process Development.

There is a growing industry and regulatory need to detect host cell protein (HCP) impurities in the production of protein biopharmaceuticals, as certain HCPs can impact product stability, safety, and efficacy, even at low levels. In some cases, regulatory agencies require the identification as well as the quantification of HCPs in drug products for risk assessment, and this is an active and growing topic of conversation in industry and amongst regulators. In this study, we developed a sensitive, robust, and reproducible workflow for HCP detection and quantification in the significantly shorter turnaround time than previously reported using an Evosep ONE LC system coupled to an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer. Due to its fast turnaround time, this HCP workflow can be integrated into process development for the high-throughput (60 samples analyzed per day) identification of HCPs. The ability to rapidly measure HCPs and follow their clearance throughout the downstream process can be used to pinpoint sources of HCP contamination, which can be used to optimize biopharmaceutical production to minimize HCP levels. Analysis of the NIST monoclonal antibody (mAb) reference material using the rapid HCP profiling workflow detected the largest number of HCPs reported to date, underscoring an improvement in performance along with an increased throughput. The HCP workflow can be readily implemented and adapted for different purposes to guide biopharmaceutical process development and enable better risk assessment of HCPs in drug substances (DS) and drug products (DP).
The Copenhagen Primary Care Laboratory Pregnancy (CopPreg) database

Purpose The Copenhagen Primary Care Laboratory Pregnancy (CopPreg) database was established based on data from The Danish Medical Birth Register and the Copenhagen Primary Care Laboratory (CopLab) database. The aim was to provide a biomedical and epidemiological data resource for research in early disease programming (eg, parental clinical biomarker levels and pregnancy/ birth outcomes or long-term health in the offspring). Participants The cohort consisted in total of 203 608 women (with 340 891 pregnancies) who gave birth to 348 248 children and with 200 590 related fathers. In this paper, we focused on women and fathers who had clinical test requisitions prior to and during pregnancy, and on all children. Thus, the cohort in focus consisted of 203 054 pregnancies with requisitions on 147 045 pregnant women, 39 815 fathers with requisitions during periconception and 65 315 children with requisitions. Findings to date In addition to information on pregnancy and birth health status and general socio-demographic data, over 2.2 million clinically relevant test results were available for pregnancies with requisitions, over 1.5 million for children and over 600 000 test results were available for the fathers with requisitions during periconception. These were ordered by general practitioners in the primary care setting only and included general blood tests, nutritional biomarkers (macronutrients and micronutrients) and hormone tests. Information on tests related to infections, allergies, heart and lung function and sperm analyses (fathers) were also available. Future plans The CopPreg database provides ready to use and valid data from already collected, objectively measured and analysed clinical tests. With several research projects planned, we further invite national and international researchers to use this vast data resource. In a coming paper, we will explore and discuss the indication bias in our cohort.
The HSP110/HSP70 disaggregation system generates spreading‐competent toxic α‐synuclein species

The accumulation and prion‐like propagation of α‐synuclein and other amyloidogenic proteins are associated with devastating neurodegenerative diseases. Metazoan heat shock protein HSP70 and its co‐chaperones DNAJB1 and HSP110 constitute a disaggregation machinery that is able to disassemble α‐synuclein fibrils in vitro, but its physiological effects on α‐synuclein toxicity are unknown. Here, we depleted Caenorhabditis elegans HSP‐110 and monitored the consequences on α‐synuclein‐related pathological phenotypes such as misfolding, intercellular spreading, and toxicity in C. elegans in vivo models. Depletion of HSP‐110 impaired HSP70 disaggregation activity, prevented resolubilization of amorphous aggregates, and compromised the overall cellular folding capacity. At the same time, HSP‐110 depletion reduced α‐synuclein foci formation, cell‐to‐cell transmission, and toxicity. These data demonstrate that the HSP70 disaggregation activity constitutes a double‐edged sword, as it is essential for maintaining cellular proteostasis but also involved in the generation of toxic amyloid‐type protein species.
Specialized Host Utilization of Macrosiphum euphorbiae on a Nonnative Weed Host, Solanum sarrachoides, and Competition with Myzus persicae

ABSTRACT The potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), (Homoptera: Aphididae), is a polyphagous aphid known to feed on over 200 plant species across 20 families. Although this aphid is known as one of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) colonizing aphids, field observations for populations of M. euphorbiae in southern Idaho indicated that they preferentially settled and colonized hairy nightshade, Solanum sarrachoides (Sendtner), plants rather than potato plants. Laboratory investigations revealed that M. euphorbiae survived only on S. sarrachoides and not on potato. A series of subsequent laboratory experiments conducted using laboratory-reared and field-collected aphids confirmed that M. euphorbiae survived only on S. sarrachoides. Experiments also showed that M. euphorbiae produced more winged morphs (alatae) than Myzus persicae on S. sarrachoides when reared alone under similar conditions. Furthermore, we documented intraguild competition between M. euphorbiae and M. persicae on S. sarrachoides. Results suggested that M. euphorbiae can potentially suppress M. persicae on S. sarrachoides. Competition studies reiterated that M. euphorbiae produced more alatae than M. persicae. Results also indicated that M. euphorbiae may have specialized on S. sarrachoides. The loss of polyphagous abilities of this M. euphorbiae “biotype” is intriguing and the factors responsible for specialized host utilization pattern remain to be elucidated.
Determination of Nalbuphine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Diperiodatoargentate(III)-Rhodamine-B Chemiluminescence System by Flow Injection Analysis

A novel method for the analysis of nalbuphine hydrochloride (NAL) is reported based on its enhancement effect on a diperiodatoargentate(III)-rhodamine-B (Ag(III) complex-Rh-B) chemiluminescence (CL) system in an aqueous sulfuric acid medium using flow-injection analysis (FIA). The optimal conditions of the CL reaction were: sulfuric acid, 10^−2 M; Ag(III) complex, 2.0 × 10^−4 M; Rh-B, 2.0 × 10^−5 M; Brij-35, 0.01%; sample loop volume, 300 μL; and flow rate, 3.0 mL/ min/stream. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.001 and 0.003 mg/L ( S/N = 3 and 10); linear calibration range, 5 × 10^−3–5.0 mg/L ( R ^2 = 0.9999) and injection throughput, 150/h. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was from 0.8–3.2% over the range studied. The suggested technique was applied for the determination of NAL in pharmaceutical injections, compared with a reported spectrophotometric method, and obtained results were found to be satisfactory. Based on spectrophotometric studies, the most probable mechanism of the CL reaction has been briefly described and drawn schematically.
Disparities in eating disorder risk and diagnosis among sexual minority college students: Findings from the national Healthy Minds Study.

OBJECTIVE To examine differences in eating disorder (ED) risk and diagnosis by sexual orientation in a national sample of college students. METHOD Data from 178 U.S. colleges and universities participating in the Healthy Minds Study between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed (36,691 cisgender men, 81,730 cisgender women; 15.7% self-identifying as sexual minorities). Outcomes were ED risk (≥2 on the SCOFF) and self-reported lifetime ED diagnosis. Prevalence estimates adjusted for demographics and weight status were computed via logistic regression. RESULTS Higher proportions of questioning (29.1%), bisexual (26.3%), and gay men (30.9%) exhibited elevated risk than heterosexual men (14.3%), and a higher proportion of gay men exhibited elevated risk than bisexual men. Higher proportions of questioning (34.5%) and bisexual women (34.6%) exhibited elevated risk than heterosexual women (27.6%); proportions of lesbian (28.1%) and heterosexual women were similar. Among those with elevated risk, higher proportions of bisexual (5.0%) and gay men (7.1%) and of questioning (14.7%), bisexual (18.1%), and lesbian women (19.6%) had been diagnosed relative to heterosexual men (2.0%) and heterosexual women (10.3%), respectively. DISCUSSION Questioning and bisexual individuals appear to be particularly vulnerable; they may experience elevated ED risk relative to their heterosexual peers yet underdiagnosis relative to their gay or lesbian peers.