Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Policing youth and queerness: the experiences and perceptions of young LGBTQ+ people from regional Victoria

ABSTRACT Historically, police and the criminal justice system more broadly played a role in the policing of queer identity and the construction of queer communities as ‘deviant’. Emerging queer criminological scholarship has documented the extent to which this historical context (at least within the Global North) continues to shape interactions between police and LGBTQ+ communities, with these relationships sometimes marked by distrust and hostility, though positive changes are also evident. However, the majority of research to date has focused on the experiences of adult members of queer communities living in urban locations. As such, this project sought to examine the experiences of young queer people living in regional Victoria. Drawing on focus groups with young LGBTQ+ people, this paper examines participants’ perceptions of and experiences engaging with police. Participants’ views and experiences were diverse, with some continuing to harbour distrust for police, though positive experiences were also discussed. Some participants encountered harassment and discrimination from police perceived to be on account of both their youth and identity as LGBTQ+, suggesting the need to take an intersectional approach to understanding relations between police and queer youth and in continuing to improve relations between police and young queer people.
Biomass quantification of Pinus taeda L. from remote optical sensor data

This research aimed to estimate the biomass of the trunk area of a Pinus taeda L. stand from vegetation indices from Landsat-8/OLI and Sentinel-2/MSI optical remote sensors. In order to obtain the biomass, a forest inventory was carried out with the installation of 33 circular plots of 400 m², in which all the individuals had the diameter at breast height (cm) and the total height (m) measured. Then, 30 trees were scaled by the Smalian method. The individual tree volume was estimated by the Meyer regression volumetric equation. The biomass was obtained through the product of the individual tree volume by the wood basic density. Subsequently, aerial biomass was obtained per plot. The processed orbital images were gathered from the Landsat-8/OLI and Sentinel-2/MSI sensors. We derived 19 vegetation indices for both images, which were correlated with the biomass per plot. The indexes with the best correlation with the biomass were considered as regression variables to develop models by the Stepwise technique (Backward and Forward). The correlation was significant among the variables and the best model was derived from the Landsat-8 data, which estimated the biomass per plot with an error of 8.75% and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.8173. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between the biomass estimated by the inventory and by the remotely located data.
Understanding the Role of Parental Opiate or Marijuana Use in Child Welfare Substantiation Decisions

Parental drug misuse is a risk factor that child welfare workers must consider during investigations of alleged maltreatment. Little is known, however about how workers view substance use, particularly for substances like marijuana and prescription opioids which are used legally in some circumstances but not in others. Qualitative data from a mixed-methods web-based survey of 562 workers in child welfare-related fields were used to examine the ways in which parental substance use influenced decision-making. Findings suggest that the legality of the substance, how the substance is used around children, and the nexus between substance use and parenting were influential in caseworker decisions, which can inform future educational and policy efforts.
Learning through urban labour pools: Collected worker experiences and innovation in services

Knowledge-intensive services firms depend on the skills and networks of employees and tend to cluster in large-city regions. This raises the fundamental question of whether knowledge-intensive services firms ‘learn through urban labour pools’ in manners that have implications for innovation. To address it, a distinction is in this paper made between ‘related variety’ and ‘unrelated variety’ of work-life experiences collected by employees and combined in firms. The empirical analysis uses innovation survey and register data to demonstrate that higher levels of unrelated variety among staff in urban knowledge-intensive services firms inspire innovation activity and increase the probability of innovation success. Outside cities, where knowledge-intensive services firms on average have more specialized knowledge bases, innovation responds negatively to unrelated variety and positively to related variety. As a result, the sign, size and significance of urban–rural dividing lines in innovation propensities depend on whether firms have cultivated the skill profiles that are most conducive to innovation in their locations. Constraints faced specifically by knowledge-intensive services firms outside cities in this respect are identified and implications for policy drawn.
A behind-the-scenes perspective on the key components of drug court: A narrative analysis

ABSTRACT Drug courts continue to expand throughout the United States; however, little is known about participants’ lived experiences in the program, particularly as it relates to the key components of the drug court model. Fifteen participants of the Monroe County (Indiana) drug court completed surveys where they answered five open-ended questions related to key components of the drug court model. Participants reported mixed feelings related to the quality of counseling they received, and some felt that their individualized treatment needs were not being met. Overall, participants viewed the drug court team as supportive, and they felt that praise from the judge was one of the most helpful incentives they received. Some participants noted that the frequent and random drug testing system deterred them from using drugs and resulted in positive, cognitive changes that supported their recovery. The most common challenges associated with frequent and random drug testing were that some participants thought that it was too expensive and time-consuming which they felt could delay their progress in the program, or even their graduation. The findings are discussed in reference to drug court practice.
Degradation, Meaning Shift, and Redefinition of the City Parks’ Social Function in the Presence of Virtual Space Facility

As one of the big cities in Indonesia, Bandung has now made many improvements to the city park facilities and infrastructure. The quality improvement can be seen not only in the physical form of various city spaces but also though the free internet access available for park users. This has an impact on the behavior of park users, which slowly affects the dynamics of park activities as well, especially the emergence of virtual space. The presence of virtual space in the city park provides a variety of positive and negative responses in the way people socialize. This paper aims to examine the phenomenon and impacts, the meaning shift, and the redefinition the social functions of urban parks due to the availability of free internet facilities that give rise to virtual spaces in the parks of Bandung. The data were taken from the Superhero Park, Elderly Park, Fitness Park, and Dago Park using structured interviews and observations of visitor activities as the data collection techniques. It is found that the presence of wifi facilities is viewed positively in terms of information access, but is viewed negatively in regard to the essential functions of urban parks which are originally created as a social space. Therefore, the study concludes that there has been a degradation of functions in the urban park facilities, because the nature of virtual space itself tends to bring humans to get carried away in it and interrupt their activities from the space of reality. City parks have also experienced a shift in meaning, thus creating a build-up of space that creates virtual space into the real world in the form of a park. Keywords: City Parks, Virtual Spaces, Social, Bandung
Globalization and comparative compositional inequality

Abstract Globalization has been one of the biggest driving forces of the last half century. There has been substantial disagreement about the impact that increased international integration has on income inequality. Though most agree that globalization positively affects economic output, it is no surprise that it leads to relative winners and losers within nations. The question that remains is where in the income distribution are these relative gains and losses occurring? We offer a broader picture of globalization's effects on inequality by using a dynamic compositional approach to test the impact of globalization and relative factor endowments on the composition of income. Using data from four countries, we model the effects of globalization on quantiles of the income distribution. Our findings suggest that globalization has substantial (and divergent) effects across income strata, and that these effects differ across nations based on relative factor endowments.
Nuclear Winter Responses to Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 4 and the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE

Current nuclear arsenals used in a war between the United States and Russia could inject 150 Tg of soot from fires ignited by nuclear explosions into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. We simulate the climate response using the Community Earth System Model‐Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 4 (WACCM4), run at 2° horizontal resolution with 66 layers from the surface to 140 km, with full stratospheric chemistry and with aerosols from the Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres allowing for particle growth. We compare the results to an older simulation conducted in 2007 with the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE run at 4° × 5° horizontal resolution with 23 levels up to 80 km and constant specified aerosol properties and ozone. These are the only two comprehensive climate model simulations of this scenario. Despite having different features and capabilities, both models produce similar results. Nuclear winter, with below freezing temperatures over much of the Northern Hemisphere during summer, occurs because of a reduction of surface solar radiation due to smoke lofted into the stratosphere. WACCM4's more sophisticated aerosol representation removes smoke more quickly, but the magnitude of the climate response is not reduced. In fact, the higher‐resolution WACCM4 simulates larger temperature and precipitation reductions than ModelE in the first few years following a 150‐Tg soot injection. A strengthening of the northern polar vortex occurs during winter in both simulations in the first year, contributing to above normal, but still below freezing, temperatures in the Arctic and northern Eurasia.
Censorship of the Arab Spring in MENA media

The press should ideally be the eyes, ears and voice of the public in any state. However, freedom of the press varies across states and is especially lacking in autocratic ones. This paper asks how the press in autocracies tackles the challenge of reporting on contentious mobilization, i.e. protests events that threaten the very survival of the regime. For this, it relies on count and structural topic models applied to an original dataset of roughly half a million newspaper articles published before and after the events of the Arab Spring (January 2009 – December 2011), and on new protest event data from the Mass Mobilizations in Autocracies Dataset. We find that both the extent of coverage and its content is influenced by the overall degree of censorship in MENA countries. Moreover, threats to authoritarian regimes, measured both as intensity of domestic protests and intensity of protests across the wider MENA region, also influence the coverage of the issue. We also find that these effects are stronger for state owned newspapers.
Fowler’s Toad (Anaxyrus fowleri) occupancy in the southern mid-Atlantic, USA

—We assessed the effects of landscape structure on Anaxyrus fowleri (Fowler’s Toad) site occupancy using 14 years of call survey data collected from 250 sites in Virginia and Maryland, and landscape variables derived from the National Wetlands Inventory, U.S. Census Bureau, National Land Cover Databases, and U.S. Department of Agriculture. We also conducted a time series analysis on A. fowleri occupancy rates using call survey data collected throughout Virginia and Maryland. We found A. fowleri site occupancy to be negatively affected by deciduous forest, hay crops, development and agricultural pesticides, and we identified a negative interannual trend in occupancy rates between 1999 and 2012.
Workplace smoking restrictions and support for smoking cessation in the USA: state, region, and overall trends from 2010–11 to 2014–15

We discuss the most recent changes in smoking policies and support for smoking cessation offered to smokers at US workplaces. We used reports of employed adults (n = 112,008) regarding smoking restrictions and support for smoking cessation offered at their indoor workplaces from the 2010–11 and 2014–15 Tobacco Use Supplement-Current Population Survey. The percentage of adults who reported having workplace smoking restrictions was 94% in 2010–11 and 93% in 2014–15 (P = 0.001). There was a decrease in the Northeastern region (P < 0.001) and no significant changes in the other three US regions. The percentages decreased in Hawaii, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee and increased in Indiana, Nebraska, and Wyoming. The percentage of employees who reported having workplace support for smoking cessation increased from 24% to 29% (P < 0.001), which was uniform across all US regions but differed across the US states. The percentages decreased in Hawaii and increased in the majority of states. Analysis of smokers’ reports (versus all reports) resulted in lower percentages of workplaces with smoking restrictions and support for smoking cessation. It is essential to further enhance support for smoking cessation offered to smokers at US workplaces.
The Process of Creation in Creative Industries

Research on creative industries (CI) has acknowledged the collective dimension of creation without addressing the crucial role of process and organization in handling such a collective endeavour. Indeed, this research stream has developed independently from the one on new product development (NPD), which focuses on the development process. Inspired by the NPD literature and anchored in the literature on CI, this article aims to enhance our understanding of the creation processes in CI in order to show how the challenges are overcome. Based on a large body of case studies carried out in 12 sub&#8208;sectors of CI, we show that the projects developed in these industries follow a process that combines and iterates four elementary activities: inspiration, framing, prototyping and validation. These activities take place alternatively in a conceptual or a material world and combine collective and individual contributions. A critical player who gives the momentum and makes the crucial decisions heads this process.
THE DAMAGING GROWTH: AN EMPIRIC EVIDENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE IN INDONESIA

This study examines the short-run and long-run relationships between economic growth, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and energy consumption within a sample period of 1990-2016. The study used autoregressive distributed lag approach to test the cointegration relationship and Granger vector error correction model causality test to investigate the direction of causality. This study does not support the hypothetical relationship (environmental Kuznets curve) for a significance level of 5%. The long-run test of Granger causality shows that there is a two-way causal relationship of economic growth, CO 2 emissions, and energy consumption. This result indicates that a reduction in energy consumption is an effective way to control CO 2 emissions but will simultaneously impede economic growth. Therefore, setting suitable policy related to efficient consumptions of energy resources and renewable energy resources is necessary.
Effectiveness of Project-Web Learning Approach in the Development of Action Research Skills among Master’s Students in Oman

The study aimed to prepare a program in action research based on Project-Web Learning Approach, and investigate the effectiveness of this program to develop the action research skills for master's students at Dhofar University in Oman. The study was based on the semi-experimental design of one group (pre-post application). The study sample comprised (27) master’s students of Education Department in College of Arts and Applied Science of Dhofar University. Data were collected via the test of action research skills for the sample in the courses of educational research and seminar in curriculum & instruction. The study was carried out during 13 weeks. Data were analyzed using means, standard divisions, and T test. The study concluded that there was a significant difference at (0.01) between the mean grades of students in the pre- test of action research and that of the post-test in favor of the post-test. In light of the results, the study recommended preparing the content of all courses to master's students in accordance with the Project-web learning Approach, and improving the instructors’ performance to develop action research skills for their students.
Unboxing “Born-frees”: freedom to choose identities

Abstract This qualitative case study sets out to explore how “born-free” students constitute, negotiate and represent their identities in South African schools twenty years after the advent of democracy. The meta-theoretical paradigm of social constructivism and the methodology of narrative inquiry was used. Data comprised a mix of semi-structured interviews and field notes. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings reveal that the demographic diversity of “born-free” students seemed to extend towards many competing views of identity. “Born-free” students did not possess distinctive views about their generations” identity. Racial identity still seemed to play a pivotal role. Some “born free” students expressed optimism with the freedom their identity provided, while others felt constrained by the enduring historical legacy of apartheid, transmitted through knowledge in the blood. Although “born-free” students themselves did not live through apartheid, the physical legacies of apartheid –such as its geographical contours – served as a daily reminder of its presence. “Born-free” students are not only well aware of the social and political dynamics of the country, but are also beginning to question externally imposed identities.
When do customers engage in brand pages? Effects of social presence

Purpose Drawing upon the social presence theory, this paper aims to propose three social presence variables in the brand page context (the brand page as a medium, the presence of other customers and interaction with the brand page manager) and to test their effects on customer engagement behavior (CEB) and customer-brand identification (CBI). Design/methodology/approach A total of 340 responses were collected via an online research platform and analyzed using structural equation modeling analysis. Findings The results revealed that both the social presence of the brand page and the interaction with the brand page manager are positively associated with CEB, whereas that of other customers negatively influences CEB, which in turn, positively affects CBI. Research limitations/implications This paper presents the underlying process of driving customers’ engagement activities and building psychological closeness between customers and brands by applying social presence theory and social identity theory to Facebook brand pages. Practical implications To enhance customers’ experiences on Facebook brand pages, practitioners should visualize brand page managers through diverse types of postings. Brand page managers need to balance the presence of others, as well as bring a sense of human-likeness on the pages using storytelling strategies. Originality/value This research sheds light on the human side of a non-human world. The results suggest that the sense of a human presence in virtual brand communities is essential to engage customers with online activities toward brands while also building a closer customer–brand relationship.
Physical and hydrological properties of peat as proxies for degradation of South African peatlands: implications for conservation and restoration.

1 Faculty of Life Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany 2 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany 3 Faculty of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany 4 Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa 5 Working for Wetlands, NRMP, Department of Environmental Affairs, Pretoria, South Africa 6 Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa Agricultural Research Council Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Pretoria, South Africa Applied Behavioral Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa _______________________________________________________________________________________
Controlling Risks to Ensure Financial Stability and Reducing Volatility

The 11th International Risk Management Conference was held at the University of Paris&#8208;Dauphine and the EM LYON Business School (Paris Campus) in June 2018. The conference theme &#8220;1968&#8211;2018: From Z&#8208;Score to Contemporary Risk Management, 50&#160;Years of Risk Measurement and Management&#8221; was selected as a means to showcase the many ways that financial risk measurement has evolved and impacted financial risk management in banks and corporations as well as the tools used by asset managers and market regulators. The four papers included in this special issue of the Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting focus on a wide range of issues: How small differences in credit ratings effect the speed of adjustment in corporate leverage, the impact of using soft variables to assess default probabilities in European corporations, a new approach to measuring a company's intrinsic risk, and the effectiveness of short sale circuit breaker rules to limit stock price volatility. Our Foreword highlights the main findings of these papers and offers our assessment of the lessons they provide for financial managers and policymakers.
CONDITIONAL MONTE CARLO SCHEME FOR STABLE GREEKS OF WORST-OF AUTOCALLABLE NOTES

It is well known that the application of Monte Carlo method in pricing of products with early termination feature results in a high Monte Carlo error and unstable greeks; see Fries & Joshi (2011). We develop a Monte Carlo scheme that utilizes a special structure of worst-of autocallable notes and produces stable greeks. This scheme clearly demonstrates the variance reduction in Monte Carlo scheme and can be used in pricing of multi-asset worst-of autocallable notes with any number of underlying assets. We suggest an algorithm and analyze its performance for an autocallable note on four assets. The suggested algorithm allows one to calculate stable greeks (delta, gamma, vega and others) and substantially reduce the computational effort to achieve the desired accuracy in comparison to standard Monte Carlo algorithm.