Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint Rebalancing and Vehicle-to-Grid Coordination for Autonomous Vehicle Public Transportation System

An Autonomous Vehicle (AV) is believed to be the next generation transport that can enhance safety and efficiency for smart mobility. In an AV-based public transportation system, the full autonomy of AVs enables high-efficiency transport services and the potential ride-sharing feature of AV system enhances the utilization. The system manages a fleet of AVs, determines their assignments to transport requests, sends instructions concerning the optimized plans, and recommends the parking locations for the unoccupied AVs. The parking location of an empty AV is crucial in the sense that rebalancing AVs to areas with high potential service demand can curtail the unnecessary waiting time for passengers. As AVs are generally electric, proper parking locations can also facilitate vehicle-to-grid (V2G) support. In this paper, we propose a joint rebalancing and V2G coordination strategy for AV-based public transportation system. We formulate the problem as an integer linear program and propose a heuristic based on Genetic Algorithm and Model Predictive Control to solve the problem in low time complexity. Extensive experiments are performed with the real taxi service data from New York City. The formulated integer linear program is solved dynamically where each problem instance contains 3 to 5 AVs and 3 to 8 requests in 30s time interval. Compared with the transport system without rebalancing, the results show that the coordination strategy is efficient and effective in reducing unnecessary waiting time for passengers while satisfying V2G support. Compared to computational time with the standard solver, the proposed heuristic dramatically reduces the computational time.
Rituximab Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy after Failure of other Therapies- A Case report

Membranous Nephropathy (MN) also known as membranous glomerulonephritis is a slowly progressive kidney disease characterized of subepithelial immune complex deposits and subsequent thickening of glomerular basement membrane. MN is a common cause of proteinuria that may progress to ERDS. The decision to treat MN with immunosuppressive medications is complicated by the well-known natural history of disease and it depends on patient presentation and disease progression. Herein, we present a case of a 48-year-old male patient with weight gain, lower extremity edema, arterial hypertension, and nephrotic range proteinuria (13.5 gr). The patient was diagnosed with MN 14 years ago with relapses and remission of disease over the years. First immunotherapy was stared with cyclosporine and methylprednisolone, but the patient occurred to have cyclosporine-induced toxicity. Second immunotherapy was stared with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide that resulted in complete remission for 4 years. The disease relapsed again, and the patient was recommended the Rituximab treatment. Two doses of rituximab 1g were administered. In terms of total remission there was no indication for the third dose of rituximab.
A Review of CMOS Electrochemical Readout Interface Designs for Biomedical Assays

Electrochemical sensing has been widely applied to a variety of applications involving disease diagnosis due to its ability to measure targets directly, fast response, and high accuracy compared to other detection methods. The accelerated uptake of point-of-care (POC) testing underscores the need for portable devices integrated with electrochemical sensing functions. Noninvasive electrochemical sensing has also been studied with regard to the analysis of bodily fluids and represents a promising method for long-term tracking of patient health conditions. A comprehensive understanding of electrochemical electrode and readout circuitry has led to increasing research on the use of electrochemical sensors for pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and disease diagnosis applications. This article reviews the state-of-the-art electrochemical readout interfaces using CMOS technology for biomarker detection.
The significance of Maillard reaction for species-specific detection gelatine in food industry

Many ingredients derived from animal have been distributed widely in foods, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic formulations which may invites issues due to religious restrictions. Thus, the species-specific detection has become an important issue among Muslims, Jews, Hindus, Vegan, and vegetarian communities. Some methods such as spectroscopy, chromatography, and DNA based method have been applied for this purpose. However, these methods use sophisticated technology, therefore need high skill and cost for industrial practice. Research needs to encourage the development of simple and portable instrument. This paper highlights the potency of the Maillard reaction for species-specific detection of animal derivatives in food, especially for gelatine. Gelatine from different sources revealed different amino acids composition. It will produce various sensory of active compounds such as colour, odour, and taste when subjected to Maillard reaction, depends on reactant substances and conditions of reaction. The differences will be the key principle in species-specific detection of the sources of gelatine.
Merging the Analogue and the Digital: Combining Opposite Activities in a Mixed Media Game

While much of the games research field for the last two decades has focused on digital games, this article draws attention to the benefits of combining analogue and digital game components to cater for a serious but fun game experience. In this case, the game design provides a set of game rules for players, where the goal is to win by finding another player’s hidden treasure. But, the game also includes deceptive characters, initially unknown to the players, whose goal is to lure the players to reveal information, which will make a player lose the game. Hence, the players and the unknown characters are involved in opposite but intertwined activities. To describe the differing activities we use the activity system model found in Activity Theory. The theoretical conceptualisation, the game design and the play situation create what we term a zone of experience where young players can experience the consequences of sharing too much information. The game design mimics real world online interactions, but under safe off-line conditions. The zone of experience also creates the foundation for an ensuing activity that fits well within the concept of the zone of proximal development: A follow-up conversation under adult guidance of game experiences aimed at raising children’s online risk awareness.
Multiscale entropy analysis of wind speed dynamics in Petrolina, Northeast Brazil

Purpose: In this paper, we analyzed the intra-annual variability of complexity of wind dynamics in Petrolina, Brazil and its relation with the wind potential. Methodology: We applied the Multiscale Sample Entropy (MSE) method on wind speed temporal series for each month of 2010. The data are recorded every 10 min at 50m height. Results: The results showed higher entropy values at higher temporal scales indicating that wind speed fluctuations are les regular and less predictable when wind speed is observed at lower temporal frequency. For all months, average wind speed is above a cut in level 3.5 m, the speed at which turbines start operating and producing electricity, indicating that the location of Petrolina is promising for wind energy generation. We also found that the wind speed is positively correlated with entropy values for all months when recorded at 10min frequency and between August and December when recorded t 1 h frequency. Conclusion: In these periods wind speed temporal fluctuations are more irregular, which is considered as unfavorable condition for the operation of wind turbines, leading to lower efficiency in the capture of wind energy for electricity production.
Extraction of biologically active compounds from fruit, berry and grain grist using ViscoStar 150 L enzyme complex.

This work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of treating plant tissue with enzymatic agent ViscoStar 150L for the extraction of biologically active compounds. In the current study the screening of extraction methods from citrus fruit peels (grapefruit, lemon, orange) was performed. The samples treated with enzymatic agent ViscoStar 150L showed better extraction results than the traditional ethanol/water extraction method. Citrus peels’ extracts assayed for antioxidant activity (determined as ferric reducing antioxidant power – FRAP) decreased in the following order: grapefruit > orange > lemon. The enzymatic agent ViscoStar 150L proved to have a positive synergic effect on juice yield from cowberry previously treated with a complex pectolytic enzymatic agent. The enzymatic agent ViscoStar 150L proved to have a synergic effect on grain grist mashes previously treated with an amylolytic enzymatic agent, the inhibitor activity of the compounds produced by actinomycetic microorganisms grown on substrates based on these mashes being higher than that of previously known inhibitors.
Tracking the evolution of cooperative relationship networks among countries located along the Belt and Road: an application of massive cooperation events data

ABSTRACT Inter-country related events which have been reported by news media have become important data for the study of international and regional cooperation relations. Cooperation event data from 1980 to 2015 were used to judge the positions and roles of countries located along the Belt and Road. This study’s results indicate that the regional cooperation of the countries along the Belt and Road formed a bidirectional hub network structure with China and Russia as the core. The unbalanced pattern revealed showed that East Asia and South Asia were located at the core and periphery respectively; Central and Eastern Europe, along with Western Asia and the Middle East regions, were closely connected; and Central Asia was weakly connected. The level of differences, openness degree differences, and economic scale differences of the countries along the aforementioned line were found to have important influences on the strengths of the cooperative relationships. A single-center radiation structure and a multi-center tight structure were found to be the significant regional characteristics of the spatial organization pattern of the cooperation relationship network. The study provides a new perspective for identifying the structural characteristics and regional patterns of international regional cooperation relationship networks.
Role of Avoidance-Motivation Intensity in Creative Thinking: Similar and Differential Effects across Creative Idea Generation and Evaluation

ABSTRACT Dynamic, momentary affective states have significant effects on creativity; however, how negative affect modulates the neurocognitive processes involved in creativity is still unclear. This study investigated the neural mechanisms of creative thinking under varying avoidance-motivation intensity. Sixty participants (17 men and 43 women; age range = 18–25 years; mean = 21.22 years, SD = 1.35) randomly assigned to three groups (high-avoidance-motivation, low-avoidance-motivation, and unmotivated bias state) completed creative tasks in two conditions – creative idea generation and creative idea evaluation. In the former condition, the low-avoidance-motivation group exhibited greater fluency of divergent thinking than the high-avoidance-motivation group. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy revealed an interaction effect between creative demand and avoidance-motivation intensity in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus in creative idea generation. In the latter condition, there were no significant differences between the three avoidance motivation groups in behavior and brain activation results. Furthermore, the association of the prefrontal cortex and temporal region in these tasks indicated that these regions may be part of the core mechanism underlying the modulatory effects of avoidance-motivation intensity on ongoing neurocognitive processing during creative thinking.
A new modified low-energy emulsification method for preparation of water-in-diesel fuel nanoemulsion as alternative fuel

ABSTRACT In this research, 24 of water-in-diesel fuel nanoemulsions were prepared using mixed nonionic surfactants of sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate (MTS). The emulsions were formed using a new modified low-energy method at hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 10 and a working temperature of 20°C. Five HLB values of 9.6, 9.8, 10, 10.2, and 10.4 were prepared to identify the optimum value that gives low water droplet size at working conditions as: 5 wt% of water contents, 10 wt% of mixed surfactant concentration, and a temperature of 20°C. The effect of mixed surfactant concentration and water content on the droplet size for 0, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days has been studied. Droplet size of the prepared nanoemulsions was determined by dynamic light scattering and the nanoemulsion stability was assessed by measuring the variation of the droplet size as a function of time. Results show that the mean droplet sizes were formed between 26.23 and 277.1 nm depending on the surfactant concentrations, water contents, and storage time. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Influence of Front and Back Contacts on Photovoltaic Performances of p-n Homojunction Si Solar Cell: Considering an Electron-Blocking Layer

In this simultion work, the effect of front and back contacts of p-n homojunction Si solar cell with an electron-blocking layer (EBL) has been studied with the help of a strong solar cell simulator named AMPS-1D (analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures one dimensional). Without the effect of these contact parameters, low solar cell efficiency has been observed. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) with high work function (5.45 eV) has been used as the front contact to the proposed solar cell. Zinc (Zn) metal which has a work function of 4.3 eV has been used as the back contact of the proposed model. With FTO as the front contact and Zn as the back contact, the optimum efficiency of 29.275% (Voc = 1.363 V, Jsc = 23.747 mA/cm2, FF = 0.905) has been observed. This type of simple Si-based p-n homojunction solar cell with EBL of high efficiency has been proposed in this paper.
Effect of fabric surface’s cleanliness on its moisture/air permeability

A fabric’s moisture/air permeability is a main factor for the fabric design for advanced applications, and no theoretical model was available in literature for an optimal permeability. In this paper, we use the capillary-like effect to elucidate the permeability property, and the effect of nano/micro particles on the fabric’s surface on the permeability is studied by the geometric potential theory. Our theoretical analysis shows that an unclean surface gives a negative impact on the permeability. A superhydrophobic surface is needed to design a good and lasting moisture/air permeability.
A Capacitor Current and Capacitor Voltage Ripple Controlled SIDO CCM Buck Converter With Wide Load Range and Reduced Cross Regulation

It is well-known that the ripple control technique benefits from fast load transient response and small cross regulation for single-inductor dual-output (SIDO) dc–dc converter. However, existing capacitor current ripple (CCR) controlled SIDO buck converter suffers from incomplete operation state and single switching path. Thus, it has a limited stable load range. In order to extend the stable load range and suppress cross regulation of SIDO buck converter in continuous conduction mode (CCM), a novel ripple control technique, called as capacitor current and capacitor voltage ripple (CCVR) control, is proposed in this article. The operation principle of the proposed CCVR controlled SIDO CCM buck converter is presented, and its discrete iterative map model is established. Furthermore, the stability and stable load range have been discussed by using bifurcation diagrams. Based on the established small signal model, Bode plots are given to show the performance in suppressing cross regulation. Finally, simulation and experiment results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis. It shows that the proposed CCVR control technique can be applied to SIDO CCM buck converter to extend its stable load range and suppress its cross regulation.
Distributed Connectivity Maintenance in Swarm of Drones During Post-Disaster Transportation Applications

Considering post-disaster scenarios for intelligent traffic management and damage assessment where communication infrastructure may not be available, we advocate a swarm-of-drones mesh communication architecture that can sustain in-network connectivity among drones. The connectivity sustenance requirement stems from the fact that drones may move to various locations in response to service requests but they still need to cooperate for data collection and transmissions. To address this need, we propose a fully distributed connectivity maintenance heuristic which enables the swarm to quickly adapt its formation in response to the service requests. To select the moving drone(s) that would bring minimal overhead in terms of time and moving distance, the connected dominating set (CDS) concept from graph theory is utilized. Specifically, a variation of CDS, namely E-CDS, is introduced to address the needs of 3-D mobile swarm-of-drones. We then show that E-CDS is NP-Complete and propose a new distributed heuristic to solve it. Once the E-CDS is determined in advance, drones not part of this E-CDS set are picked for movement tasks. When the movement is to cause any disconnection with the rest of the swarm, other drones are also relocated to restore the connectivity. The proposed heuristics are implemented in ns-3 network simulator as part of the existing IEEE 802.11s mesh standard and the effectiveness is tested in terms of providing undisturbed services under different conditions. The results indicate that the proposed distributed heuristic almost matches the performance of a centralized solution and suits perfectly the needs of post-disaster traffic management.
Angle domain common image gathers from reverse time migration by combining the Poynting vector with directional decomposition

Angle domain common image gathers are crucial for seismic applications such as the migration velocity analysis and amplitude variation with angle analysis. Angle domain common image gathers are the gather of reflection coefficients when seismic waves incident at different angles on the same image point. The curvature of gathers can be used to update the migration velocity model. The amplitude variation of gathers characterizes different rock properties. Estimating the wavefield propagation direction is the most important step in the process of generating angle domain common image gathers. The wavefront propagation direction is perpendicular to the wavefront. Accurately estimating the wavefield propagation direction is crucial for calculating the reflection angle. Existing methods cannot provide the propagation direction with the high angular resolution when the subsurface structure is complex, meaning overlapped wave events exist. We propose a new method to overcome this problem. The proposed method separates overlapped waves with a directional filter bank after the up‐going and down‐going wavefield decomposition. Then, we apply the Poynting vector method to decomposed wavefield slices to determine the propagation directions of corresponding wavefield components. The key feature of the proposed method is that it does not require spatial local windows, and it is computationally efficient. Numerical tests demonstrate that our proposed method can accurately obtain the propagation direction of seismic waves in a wavefield including overlapped waves. The angle domain common image gathers generated using our proposed method have improved image quality with more accurate amplitudes and less noise compared with the angle domain common image gathers produced by the conventional Poynting vector method. It means our proposed method provides high‐quality prestack angle gathers for seismic attribute analysis.
Effect of Hemodialysis on Some Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Nephropathy Patients

Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide epidemic and is associated with long-term damage and causes dysfunctionof several organs like kidney leading to diabetic nephropathy. This study was designed to evaluate somebiochemical aspects.This study was conducted on 95 patients which included (35) HD patients with diabetesand (35) HD patients without diabetes and (25) Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, who attended at RamadiGeneral Hospital. For the purpose of comparison, (25) samples as control. Several tests were performed suchas FSB, urea, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin, sodium ion, calcium ion, Phosphorusion, potassium ion and magnesium ion were calculated. This study showed the level of urea and creatininewere a significant increase in HD patients with diabetes(128.29±22.59 and 7.1±1.76) mg/dl respectively,and HD patients without diabetes were (125.74±23.28 and 6.80±2.71) mg/dl respectively. The levels of Na+and Ca++ were decrease in HD patients with diabetes (137.6±4.8 mmol/L and 6.72±1.76mg/dl) respectively.The levels of P, K+ and Mg++ were a significant increase in HD patients without diabetes(6.26±0.84 mg/dl,5.52±0.61 mmol/L and 2.2±0.13mg/dl) respectively. The urea, creatinine and GFR are simple and usefulbiomarkers which can serve as predictor tests for assessing kidney functions in diabetic patients.
Surrogate-Assisted Optimization of a Five-Phase SPM Machine With Quasi-Trapezoidal PMs

In this article, an improved surrogate-assisted design optimization method is proposed and applied to the torque performance optimization of a five-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet machine with quasi-trapezoidal permanent magnets. It integrates the Taguchi and surrogate-assisted methods; the training data for surrogate models are generated by the Taguchi method to reduce reliance on the finite-element analysis (FEA), in turn, the local optimum problem caused by the Taguchi method is tackled by the surrogate model. The generalization ability of surrogate models is enhanced by the parameter transfer technique. Using the fuzzy best-worst method, the decision process of multiple solutions is placed before optimization so that the multiobjective optimization can be transformed into a single objective to facilitate the search process for the optimal design. The optimization results are validated by the test results from a prototype. Compared with the FEA-based parametric scanning method, the optimization cycle is shortened by 94% and a globally optimal design can be obtained.