Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Chiloé Mw 7.6 earthquake of 25 December 2016in Southern Chile and its relation tothe Mw 9.5 1960 Valdivia earthquake

On 25 December 2016, a Mw 7.6 earthquake broke a portion of the Southern Chilean subduction zone south of Chiloe Island, located in the central part of the Mw 9.5 1960 Valdivia earthquake. This region is characterized by repeated earthquakes in 1960 and historical times with very sparse interseismic activity due to the subduction of a young (~15 Ma), and therefore hot, oceanic plate. We estimate the co-seismic slip distribution based on a kinematic finite fault source model, and through joint inversion of teleseismic body waves and strong motion data. The coseismic slip model yields a total seismic moment of 3.94×1020 Nm that occurred over ~30 s, with the rupture propagating mainly downdip, reaching a peak-slip of ~4.2 m. Regional moment tensor inversion of stronger aftershocks reveals thrust type faulting at depths of the plate interface. The fore- and aftershock seismicity is mostly related to the subduction interface with sparse seismicity in the overriding crust. The 2016 Chiloe event broke a region with increased locking and most likely broke an asperity of the 1960 earthquake. The updip limit of the main event, aftershocks, foreshocks and interseismic activity are spatially similar, located ~15 km offshore and parallel to Chiloe Islands west coast. The coseismic slip model of the 2016 Chiloe earthquake suggests a peak slip of 4.2 m that locally exceeds the 3.38 m slip deficit that has accumulated since 1960. Therefore, the 2016 Chiloe earthquake possibly released strain that has built up prior to the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.
Performance analysis of terrestrial WDM-FSO Link under Different Weather Channel

In this paper, the performance of WDM-FSO communications system is simulation analyzed, using NRZ modulation technique over different weather conditions. Based on this technique the received signal power, signal to noise ratio, Q. factor, and BER are analyzed. The characteristics of WDM was studied for free space optical communication. Simulation results indicate that the performance of WDM-FSO are more suited for strong attenuation. On the other hand, the suitability of distance link under this technique are studied, where WDM has more advantage when used in optical communication system.
Research on the tasks arrive law of Satellite Information Application chain

This paper for the issue of Satellite Information Application chain input task describing and modeling, analyzes the basic process about tasks arising, And this paper will be divided into four satellite missions arrival process typically. Since the law has for mission to reach the general characteristics. So it is hard to described with general probability distribution. This paper proposes a method based on the EM algorithm fitting PH distributions, and uses PH distribution fitting the application of satellite information chain task input in different circumstances. At last, this paper gives experimental analysis to prove its feasibility.
Health insurance: an experimental approach

We propose an experimental approach to investigate the demand for social health insurance. We implement a competition between an individual and a mutual insurance system, which permits inequality reduction and risk pooling. We introduce three kinds of sources of inequality: income, vulnerability, and prevention. We show that subjects are willing to pay to reduce inequalities and to subsidize the least well-o, and that the sources of inequality matter in their decision. We nd as well that their willingness to pay is inuenced by informational framings, be it the contextualization of the experiment or information on transfers implemented. Our ndings suggest that citizens’ demand for equality of opportunity in health might explain the existence and scope of voluntary mutual health insurance.
Conformal window 2.0: The large 
Nf
 safe story

We extend the phase diagram of SU(N) gauge-fermion theories as function of number of flavours and colours to the region in which asymptotic freedom is lost. We argue, using large $N_f$ results, for the existence of an ultraviolet interacting fixed point at sufficiently large number of flavours opening up to a second ultraviolet conformal window in the number of flavours vs colours phase diagram. We first review the state-of-the-art for the large $N_f$ beta function and then estimate the lower boundary of the ultraviolet window. The theories belonging to this new region are examples of safe non-abelian quantum electro dynamics, termed here {\it safe QCD}. Therefore, according to Wilson, they are fundamental. An important critical quantity is the fermion mass anomalous dimension at the ultraviolet fixed point that we determine at leading order in $1/N_f$. We discover that its value is comfortably below the bootstrap bound. We also investigate the abelian case and find that at the potential ultraviolet fixed point the related fermion mass anomalous dimension has a singular behaviour suggesting that a more careful investigation of its ultimate fate is needed.
3D Face Recognition based on Local Conformal Parameterization and Iso-Geodesic Stripes Analysis

3D face recognition is an important topic in the field of pattern recognition and computer graphic. We propose a novel approach for 3D face recognition using local conformal parameterization and iso-geodesic stripes. In our framework, the 3D facial surface is considered as a Riemannian 2-manifold. The surface is mapped into the 2D circle parameter domain using local conformal parameterization. In the parameter domain, the geometric features are extracted from the iso-geodesic stripes. Combining the relative position measure, Chain 2D Weighted Walkthroughs (C2DWW), the 3D face matching results can be obtained. The geometric features from iso-geodesic stripes in parameter domain are robust in terms of head poses, facial expressions, and some occlusions. In the experiments, our method achieves a high recognition accuracy of 3D facial data from the Texas3D and Bosphorus3D face database.
Initial juvenile size and environmental severity: influence of predation and wave exposure on hatching size in Nucella ostrina

According to life history theory, offspring survival increases with offspring size, mainly because large offspring are more resistant to environmental stress. Populations and species living in habitats with severe environmental conditions have therefore been predicted to produce larger off- spring than populations in more benign environments. We studied 10 populations of the rocky inter- tidal gastropod Nucella ostrina in Barkley Sound, Canada, to determine the extent of variation in average hatching size at a small spatial scale (the sites being ≤10 km apart), and to determine the influence on hatching size of 2 components of environmental stress: predation and wave exposure. In a 3 yr study of these 10 populations, average shell length of newly hatched snails differed by 15 to 25% among the populations in a given year, and estimated total organic carbon per hatchling varied by 97 to 210%. These are considerable differences given the proximity of these populations. The rel- ative differences among populations were broadly consistent over the 3 years of the study, some pop- ulations consistently producing larger average hatching sizes than other populations. Based on the abundance and size structure of the predator populations at 4 of these field sites, predation pressure was predicted to favour different average N. ostrina hatching sizes at these sites: large at 2 sites and small at 2 sites. However, the average hatching size of N. ostrina populations at those sites was not consistent with that prediction, suggesting predation pressure may not have been an important determinant of hatching size. This is a surprising finding, as predation is often considered to be a major cause of early juvenile mortality and thus an important selective pressure influencing the evo- lution of early juvenile traits. However, average population hatching size did correlate with the rela- tive degree of wave exposure of the site, indicating that either wave action itself or factors covarying with wave action have a substantial influence on initial juvenile size in this species.
Regional Trade Reform Under SAFTA and Income Distribution in South Asia

South Asia is one of the world's poorest regions. In this chapter we use a representative household model of South Asia to explore the potential impacts of regional trade liberalization under the auspices of SAFTA on both the distribution of economic gains across the countries of South Asia, and across various groups within South Asia. We also discuss the underlying theory of a potential extension to our approach.
Ruminal degradation increases with seasonal hyperphagia in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus):a preliminary report

We used repeated measures of castrated adult muskoxen during spring, autumn and winter to describe responses to a consistent diet. Increased feed intakes between spring and autumn were accompanied by increases in ruminal rates of in situ degradation for cellulose in hay and for protein in supplements. Microbial counts in ruminal fl uid increased between spring and autumn but declined in winter. Total concentration of short chain fatty acid in the rumen also increased with feed intake but the proportions of individual acids varied between seasons. Microbial activity can change independently of diet quality in grazers from highly seasonal arctic regions.
Mediterranean Forests in Transition ( MEDIT ) : Deliverable No 3

This manuscript presents the forest dynamics simulation model GREFOS v2. The original version of the model is a descendant of ForClim (Bugmann and Cramer, 1998; Fyllas et al. 2007). GREFOS v2 builds upon developments of an earlier version of the model (Fyllas & Troumbis 2009) in addition to the detailed regeneration algorithm described in Fyllas et al. 2010. It is a model developed to simulate the dynamics of Mountainous Mediterranean Forest and it specifically parameterised for the dominant tree species found in Greece and the eastern part of the Mediterranean Basin.
The autumn 1919 Torremendo (Jacarilla) earthquake series (SE Spain)

On 10th September 1919 several slightly damaging earthquakes struck the towns of Torremendo, Jacarilla (near Alicante, SE-Spain) and others nearby. Available magnitude estimations for the largest two events of the series are M = 5 approx. They were earthquakes of moderate size and they occurred in a region where similar magnitude earthquakes, thoroughly studied, occurred recently (1999 Mula; 2002 Bullas; 2005 La Paca; 2011 Lorca). This makes these events of interest for a better definition of the regional seismicity. We study their sources from the analysis of the available contemporary seismograms and related documents. A total of 23 seismograms from 9 seismic stations have been collected and digitized. These seismograms contain records for the two main events and several aftershocks of the earthquake series. Finally 44 files, corresponding to 44 recorded single component records from the different events have been processed. The events have been relocated and their magnitudes recalculated. Also, original macroseismic information for these events was recovered. A macroseismic evaluation of the series has been performed. Intensity data points have been recalculated and macroseismic location and magnitude obtained. We conclude that these are the largest earthquakes occurred in the region since the beginning of instrumental recording, with Mw = 5.5 for the largest shock, and that the available data could be compatible with a thrust mechanism related to blind faults in the Bajo Segura region.
Morphological Differentiation Between Aphis Spiraecola and Aphis Pomi (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Aphis pomi and Aphis spiraecola, are both found on agriculturally impor­ tant hosts such as apple and pear, and in trap collections. Their morphological similarity makes identification difficult. Examination of specimens of both species fmm a wide geographical range demonstrated that available keys, especially those based on European material, were not always accurate for North American specimens. Data taken from North American specimens is presented and a key is provided to aid in the identification of trapped alatae preserved in alcohol as well as slide mounted alatae and apterae of these two species. Simultaneous flights of Aphis spiraecola Patch and A. pomi DeGeer occurred near Prosser, Washington, in summer 1984. Pan traps in area wheat fields collecte large numbers of alatae of both species that were very difficult to separate because of their close morphological similarity. A literature search revealed that there has been considerable confusion between these two species (Patch 1914, 1923, Palmer 1952, Cottier 1953). Biologically they are distinct. Aphis pomi has a relatively restricted host range within the woody Rosaceae and at times is considered a pest on Malus spp. and Pyrus spp. A. spiraecola undergoes host alternation with Spiraea, its primary host, and a wide variety of secondary hosts. It is considered a pest of Spiraea spp. and citrus, and more recently its abundance on Malus spp. (Pfeiffer, Brown and Yarn, 1989) sug­ gests that it may be a pest on apple. The only forms of the two species that can be easily separated are the sexuales. A. pomi has apterous males and oviparae do not have swollen hi d tibiae. Males of A. spiraecola are alate, and oviparae have swollen hind tibiae (palmer 1952, Blackman and Eastop 1984). Patch (1923) discovered thatA. PQmi would feed and develop on Spiraea and A. spiraecola would feed and develop on Malus which confirmed her suspicion that she was dealing with one highly variable species. Her colonies on apple were decimated by a fungus so all transfer ttempts to secondary hosts, which would have demonstrated the limited host range of A. pomi, were made using A. spiraecola from Spiraea! Later she suggested using the names A. pomi and A. spiraecola on the basis of the plants on which t ey were found (Patch 1929). Host plants subsequently became the criteria on which identifications of ala­ lUniversity of Idaho, Department of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences, Southwest Idaho Research and Extension Center. 29603 U of I Lane. Parma. ID 83662-9637. Center for Biodiversity, Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 E. Peabody. Cham­ paign, IL 61820. 1 Halbert and Voegtlin: Morphological Differentiation Between Aphis Spiraecola and Published by ValpoScholar, 1992 2 TRE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 25, No.1
Enhancement of the replication of HCV replicons of genotypes 1-4 by manipulation of CpG and UpA dinucleotide frequencies and use of cell lines expressing SECL14L2 – application for antiviral resistance testing

Citation for published version: Witteveldt, J, Martin-Gans, M & Simmonds, P 2016, 'Enhancement of the replication of HCV replicons of genotypes 1-4 by manipulation of CpG and UpA dinucleotide frequencies and use of cell lines expressing SECL14L2 application for antiviral resistance testing', Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 2981-2992. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02932-15
Load Insensitive, Low Voltage Quadrature Oscillator Using Single Active Element

In this paper, a load insensitive quadrature oscillator using single differential voltage dual-X second generation current conveyor operated at low voltage is proposed. The proposed circuit employs single active element, three grounded resistors and two grounded capacitors. The proposed oscillator offers two load insensitive quadrature current outputs and three quadrature voltage outputs simultaneously. Effects of non-idealities along with the effects of parasitic are further studied. The proposed circuit enjoys the feature of low active and passive sensitivities. Additionally, a resistorless realization of the proposed quadrature oscillator is also explored. Simulation results using PSPICE program on cadence tool using 90 nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process parameters confirm the validity and practical utility of the proposed circuit.
Using CNNs in the domain of Visual Trademark Retrieval

1 Resum . 2 Resumen . 3 Acknowledgements . 4 Revision History and Approval Record . 5 Table of contents . 6 List of Figures . 8 List of Tables: . 9
Expression of Her-2/neu in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Background: Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2, which is also frequently called human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her-2) or Her-2/neu, has been found to be overexpressed in various human cancers. Hypothesis: The aim of this pilot study was to explore the frequency of Her-2/neu gene amplification and protein expression in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHBC). We used the World Health Organization classification criteria for EHBC. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study using 88 tissue samples, including 45 samples from non-neoplastic biliary tissue (NNB) and 43 samples of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHBC). A tissue microarray including NNB and EHBC was constructed and analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and dual in situ hybridization for Her-2/neu protein expression and amplification, respectively. The Her-2/neu expression was scored following the guidelines used for the ToGA study. Results: All NNB samples and all but one EHBC samples showed no expression of Her-2/neu by IHC. The one EHBC case immunohistochemically positive for Her-2/neu had an IHC score of 3 + . Her-2/neu gene amplification was present in two EHBC samples only and included the case found to be positive by IHC. Conclusion: Our findings are similar to those reported in the literature. Although Her-2/neu overexpression has been documented in many types of cancer, Her-2/neu protein overexpression tends to have no role in the development and/or progression of EHBC.
EARTHQUAKE RELOCATION IN GREECE USING A UNIFIED AND HOMOGENIZED SEISMOLOGICAL

In this study phase data from the Cornet seismological network installed by the GeophysicsGeothermics Department (University of Athens) and the permanent networks of the Geodynamic Institute of the National Observatory of Athens and of the Geophysics Department of Thessaloniki (Aristotle University), for the decade 1996-2006, were merged. The data were jointly used to relocate the earthquakes that occurred in the broader area of Greece. Initially, single-event algorithms were applied by minimizing spatiotemporal residuals. Following, the hypocenters were relocated using a double-difference algorithm where rms, as well as the horizontal and vertical location errors (erh, erz) were minimized and a consequence of that better locations were achieved. After that process the spatial distribution of the epicenters outlined major local tectonic features in Greece. Moreover, the same methodology was applied to the aftershock sequences of large earthquakes and the results were successfully compared with those obtained by available local networks that were deployed.
Cytotoxic Activity and Secondary Metabolite Characteristics of Sea Cucumber Actinopyga sp. Methanolic Extract

The objectives of this research were to assess cytotoxic activity and examine characteristic of sea cucumber Actinopyga sp. methanolic extract. Cytotoxicity assay was conducted using MTT method against WiDr (colon cancer) and T47D (breast cancer) cell lines. Actinopyga sp. methanolic extract was characterized by using phytochemical screening, Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy , dan Liquid Chromatography Ion Trap Time of Flight Mass Spectrophotometer (LC-IT-ToF-MS). The result showed that Actinopyga sp. methanolic extract inhibited Widr and T47D cell lines viability with the IC 50 value of 55.93 and 87.55 µg/mL, respectively. Functional groups analysis showed the presence of hydroxyl, amine, carboxylic acid, nitrate, amide, sulphur, ester, and ether. LC-IT-ToF-MS analysis of crude extract showed that it containing many steroids compound.
Price Discovery in the U.S. Fed Cattle Market

We study price discovery in the U.S. fed cattle market, examining the interaction among weekly live cattle futures, negotiated cash fed cattle, and boxed beef cutout prices. Extensive testing and innovation accounting based on directed acyclic graphs of error-correction residuals indicates that the futures price continues as the dominant source of information in the fed cattle market. While the cash cattle price has a strong predictive influence on the boxed beef price, the boxed beef price plays only a marginal role in price discovery.
Forecasting Stock Price Changes: Is it Possible?

We examine the relation between monthly stock returns and lagged publicly available information. Our primary objective is to determine whether the variables proposed in the literature to predict the equity premium contain incremental information to an investor. We find that certain variables do provide incremental information and may have some practical value. Although this not necessarily imply that return-forecasting models may be used to predict future stock returns, some model specifications may be used to predict future stock movements.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) KLF 2 , a critical modulator in vascular disease

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Ultimate Records in Athletics using Extreme Value Theory

This paper addresses two questions: What is the ultimate record in a specific athletic event? and, how good is a current athletic world record? Data consist of all the personal bests of athletes in 28 events, 14 for both men and women. As an ultimate record is considered as a finite endpoint of an underlaying distribution, Extreme Value Theory and corresponding estimators are used to determine those endpoints. A simulation is performed to show the accuracy and consistency of the different estimators. After checking the finiteness of the endpoints, the ultimate records are calculated. The quality is measured by deriving its limiting distribution. Results indicate that some events have enough room for improvement (men’s marathon, 3 minutes), while other current world records lay close to the ultimate record (women’s shot put, 7 cm). Moreover, some current records have a high quality (women’s marathon), whereas other records are likely to be sharpened in the near future (men’s 110m hurdles). As extension, it is tested if the outdoor long jump data are contaminated by measurement errors, as the data do not satisfy initial assumptions. Results indicate that this is indeed the case, with the wind as possible factor that contributes to the measurement errors.
The French Revolution and German industrialization: The new institutional economics rewrites history

Our purpose here is to challenge the big-bang approach to economic history in which some alleged institutional imposition - a deus machine - is claimed to launch a series of new economic behaviors. This so-called prime mover is then carried forward by the inexorable forces of path dependency to change the course of history. The specific creation story under investigation here is the French Revolution and the subsequent Napoleonic conquest of parts of Germany. We show that recent efforts to re-write German economic history using this theoretical model cannot be supported by the abundant and concerted empirical evidence.