Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The DEAD-Box Protein DP103 (Ddx20 or Gemin-3) Represses Orphan Nuclear Receptor Activity via SUMO Modification

ABSTRACT Structural analysis of nuclear receptor subfamily V orphan nuclear receptors suggests that ligand-independent mechanisms must regulate this subclass of receptors. Here, we report that steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homolog 1 are repressed via posttranslational SUMO modification at conserved lysines within the hinge domain. Indeed, mutating these lysines or adding the SUMO isopeptidase SENP1 dramatically increased both native and Gal4-chimera receptor activities. The mechanism by which SUMO conjugation attenuates SF-1 activity was found to be largely histone deacetylase independent and was unaffected by the AF2 corepressor Dax1. Instead, our data suggest that SUMO-mediated repression involves direct interaction of the DEAD-box protein DP103 with sumoylated SF-1. Of potential E3-SUMO ligase candidates, PIASy and PIASxα strongly promoted SF-1 sumoylation, and addition of DP103 enhanced both PIAS-dependent receptor sumoylation and SF-1 relocalization to discrete nuclear bodies. Taken together, we propose that DEAD-box RNA helicases are directly coupled to transcriptional repression by protein sumoylation.
An Analysis on Host Vulnerability Evaluation of Modern Operating Systems

Security is a major concern in all computing environments. One way to achieve security is to deploy a secure operating system (OS). A trusted OS can actually secure all the resources and can resist the vulnerabilities and attacks effectively. In this paper, our contribution is twofold. Firstly, we critically analyze the host vulnerabilities in modern desktop OSs. We group existing approaches and provide an easy and concise view of different security models adapted by most widely used OSs. The comparison of several OSs regarding structure, architecture, mode of working, and security models also form part of the paper. Secondly, we use the current usage statistics for Windows, Linux, and MAC OSs and predict their future. Our forecast will help the designers, developers and users of the different OSs to prepare for the upcoming years accordingly.
Cross-Cultural Examination of Social Interactions during a One-Week Dousa-Hou (Japanese Psychorehabilitation) Camp

Dousa-hou is a Japanese psychological rehabilitation method which is widely used in Japan for children with mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and autism. The primary focus of the rehabilitation method is to improve bodily movements and posture as well as to introduce social support to patients and their first-degree relatives. Analysis showed mothers got more social support interacting with their child's trainer and supervisor during Dousa-hou. Trainers were more interactive than mothers in the Indian group, followed by the Japanese and Korean cultural groups.
A highly efficient Escherichia coli-based chromosome engineering system adapted for recombinogenic targeting and subcloning of BAC DNA.

Recently, a highly efficient recombination system for chromosome engineering in Escherichia coli was described that uses a defective lambda prophage to supply functions that protect and recombine a linear DNA targeting cassette with its substrate sequence (Yu et al., 2000, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 5978-5983). Importantly, the recombination is proficient with DNA homologies as short as 30-50 bp, making it possible to use PCR-amplified fragments as the targeting cassette. Here, we adapt this prophage system for use in bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) engineering by transferring it to DH10B cells, a BAC host strain. In addition, arabinose inducible cre and flpe genes are introduced into these cells to facilitate BAC modification using loxP and FRT sites. Next, we demonstrate the utility of this recombination system by using it to target cre to the 3' end of the mouse neuron-specific enolase (Eno2) gene carried on a 250-kb BAC, which made it possible to generate BAC transgenic mice that specifically express Cre in all mature neurons. In addition, we show that fragments as large as 80 kb can be subcloned from BACs by gap repair using this recombination system, obviating the need for restriction enzymes or DNA ligases. Finally, we show that BACs can be modified with this recombination system in the absence of drug selection. The ability to modify or subclone large fragments of genomic DNA with precision should facilitate many kinds of genomic experiments that were difficult or impossible to perform previously and aid in studies of gene function in the postgenomic era.
Experimental Infection of White-Tailed Deer with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Etiologic Agent of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis

ABSTRACT Serologic and molecular evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum has been demonstrated in white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus), and deer are an important host for the tick vector Ixodes scapularis. In this study, we describe experimental infection of WTD with A. phagocytophilum. We inoculated four WTD with a human isolate of A. phagocytophilum propagated in tick cells. Two additional deer served as negative controls. All inoculated deer developed antibodies (titers, ≥64) to A. phagocytophilum, as determined by an indirect fluorescent antibody test, between 14 and 24 days postinfection [p.i. ]), and two deer maintained reciprocal titers of ≥64 through the end of the 66-day study. Although morulae were not observed in granulocytes and A. phagocytophilum was not reisolated via tick cell culture of blood, 16S reverse transcriptase nested PCR (RT-nPCR) results indicated that A. phagocytophilum circulated in peripheral blood of three deer through at least 17 days p.i. and was present in two deer at 38 days p.i. Femoral bone marrow from one deer was RT-nPCR positive for A. phagocytophilum at 66 days p.i. There was no indication of clinical disease. These data confirm that WTD are susceptible to infection with a human isolate of A. phagocytophilum and verify that WTD produce detectable antibodies upon exposure to the organism. Because adults are the predominant life stage of I. scapularis found on deer and because adult I. scapularis ticks do not transmit A. phagocytophilum transovarially, it is unlikely that WTD are a significant source of A. phagocytophilum for immature ticks even though deer have a high probability of natural infection. However, the susceptibility and immunologic response of WTD to A. phagocytophilum render them suitable candidates as natural sentinels for this zoonotic tick-borne organism.
Rab and Arf Proteins in Genetic Diseases

Rab and ADP‐ribosylation factor (Arf) family proteins are master regulators of membrane trafficking and are involved in all steps of vesicular transport. These families of small guanine‐nucleotide‐binding (G) proteins are well suited to regulate membrane trafficking processes since their nucleotide state determines their conformation and the capacity to bind to a multitude of effectors, which mediate their functions. In recent years, several inherited diseases have been associated with mutations in genes encoding proteins belonging to these two families or in proteins that regulate their GTP‐binding cycle. The genetic diseases that are caused by defects in Rabs, Arfs or their regulatory proteins are heterogeneous and display diverse symptoms. However, these diseases mainly affect two types of subcellular compartments, namely lysosome‐related organelles and cilia. Also, several of these diseases affect the nervous system. Thus, the study of these diseases represents an opportunity to understand their etiology and the molecular mechanisms involved, as well as to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Local Similarity Number and its Application to Object Tracking

In this paper, we present a tracking technique utilizing a simple saliency visual descriptor. Initially, we define a visual descriptor named local similarity pattern that mimics the famous texture operator local binary patterns. The key difference is that it assigns each pixel a code based on the similarity to the neighbouring pixels. Later, we simplify this descriptor to a local saliency operator which counts the number of similar pixels in a neighbourhood. We name this operator local similarity number (LSN). We apply the local similarity number operator to measure the amount of saliency in a target patch and model the target. The proposed tracking algorithm uses a joint saliency-colour histogram to represent the target in a mean-shift tracking framework. We will show that the proposed saliency-colour target representation outperforms texture-colour where texture modelled by local binary patterns and colour target representation techniques are used.
Distribution of 111in‐ and 125i‐labeled monoclonal antibody 17‐1a in mice bearing xenografts of human pancreatic carcinoma hup‐t4

Background. The prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma still remains poor because of the lack of reliable diagnostic tests for early stages of the disease. Monoclonal antibody 17‐1A(MoAb 17‐1A) has been studied extensively, and the antigen recognized by MoAb 17‐1A is expressed by adenocarcinomas of the pancreas and stomach, as well as other normal and malignant epithelial tissues. The potential of MoAb 17‐1A was investigated for its ability to detect pancreatic carcinomas. The use of MoAb 17‐1A in treatment also was studied.
Phase II study of conformal hypofractionated radiotherapy with concurrent gemcitabine in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

PURPOSE The aim of this prospective, phase II trial was to determine the response of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) to concurrent chemoradiotherapy of weekly gemcitabine with 4 weeks of radiotherapy (RT; GemX). PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty patients with transitional cell carcinoma, stage T2-3, N0, M0 after transurethral resection and magnetic resonance imaging, were recruited. Gemcitabine was given intravenously at 100 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of a 28-day RT schedule that delivered 52.5 Gy in 20 fractions. Chemotherapy was stopped for Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) grade 3 bladder or bowel toxicity. The primary end points were tumor response, toxicity, and survival. RESULTS All patients completed RT; 46 tolerated all four cycles of gemcitabine. Two patients stopped after two cycles, and two stopped after three cycles, because of bowel toxicity. Forty-seven patients had a post-treatment cystoscopy; 44 (88%) achieved a complete endoscopic response. At a median follow-up of 36 months (range, 15 to 62 months), 36 patients were alive, and 32 of these had a functional and intact bladder. Fourteen patients died; seven died as a result of metastatic MIBC, five died as a result of intercurrent disease, and two died as a result of treatment-associated deaths. Four patients underwent cystectomy; three because of recurrent disease and one because of toxicity. One patient required a bowel resection for late toxicity. By using Kaplan-Meier analyses, 3-year cancer-specific survival was 82%, and overall survival was 75%. CONCLUSION Concurrent gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy (ie, GemX) produces a high response rate in MIBC and has durable local control and acceptable toxicity, which allows patients to preserve their own bladder. This treatment modality warrants additional investigation in a phase III setting.
A longitudinal cohort study of burnout and attrition in nursing students.

BACKGROUND It is well-established that stress is likely to contribute to attrition in nursing students. Attrition from nursing programmes and retention of nurses in the profession are international concerns and steps are currently being taken in the United Kingdom to tackle these issues. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate prospectively the determinants of, and relationships among, stress, burnout and attrition in nursing students. METHOD A longitudinal design involving a complete cohort of nursing students was employed, using a battery of instruments to measure personality, intelligence, psychological morbidity, stress, coping and burnout. Data were gathered on entry, at 12 and 24 months, and at the end of the nursing programme. FINDINGS Students experienced increasing levels of stress and use of negative coping mechanisms as the programme progressed and psychological morbidity increased. Positive aspects of personality were more likely to lead to aspects of burnout, and personality was a more important indicator of attrition than cognitive ability. CONCLUSIONS Stress, burnout and attrition may not be directly linked. Personality factors at course entry contributed significantly to the prediction of burnout and programme completion, but the relationships were not strong enough to be practically useful.
Lycopene Ameliorates Diabetic-Induced Changes in Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility and Lipid Peroxidation in Wistar Rats

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has remained one of the serious health problems in the world; and oxidative stress has been reported to be a root cause for the progression and development of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Aim: This study investigated the possible ameliorative effects of lycopene on diabetic-induced changes in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and lipid peroxidation in Wistar rats. Methodology: The animals were made diabetic by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at 60 mg/kg b w. Diabetes was confirmed by the presence of high fasting blood glucose level ≥ 200 after 72 hours. Thereafter, diabetic rats were randomly assigned into six groups (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) comprising five animals each. Group 1 (Diabetic control) and group 2 (Normal control) rats received 0.5 ml of olive oil, groups 3, 4, 5 rats received 10, 20, 40 mg/kg bw of lycopene respectively, while those in group 6 received 2 mg/kg bw of glibenclamide orally once daily for a period of four weeks. At the end of the treatment, all animals were sacrificed; blood samples collected for determination of erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Results: The results obtained showed that there was a significantly (P < 0.05) lowered erythrocyte osmotic fragility in diabetic animals treated with lycopene when compared with diabetic control group. In addition, there was also a significantly (P < 0.05) reduced erythrocyte malondialdehyde concentration, an index of lipid peroxidation in the diabetic treated groups when compared with diabetic control group. Conclusion: From the available findings, it can be concluded that administration of lycopene to diabetic rats attenuated diabetic-induced changes in EOF and LPO and these observed effects may be attributed to anti-oxidative property of lycopene.
Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System: A Tool in Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs

Low aqueous solubility and thereby low oral bioavailability is a major concern for formulation scientist as many recent drugs are lipophillic in nature and their lower solubility and dissolution is a major drawback for their successful formulation into oral dosage forms. Aqueous solubility of drugs can be increased by different methods such as salt formation, solid dispersion, complex formation but Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SEDDS) is gaining more attention for improving the solubility of lipophillic drugs. SEDDS are ideally isotropic mixtures of drug, oil, surfactant and/or co surfactant. They spontaneously form emulsion on mixing with water with little or no energy input. Generally SEDDS are prepared using triglycerides and non ionic surfactants. The present review provides an updated account of the advancements in SEDDS with regard to the selection of lipid systems for current formulations, dosage forms for SEDDS, solidification techniques, characterization and their applications. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights reserved
Recently result on passive hydrogen maser of SHAO by single frequency modulation

This paper introduces recently result on passive hydrogen maser of shanghai Astronomical Observatory by single frequency modulation. Digital servo system and analog servo system have been experimented. DDS is used to generate frequency modulation in the RF interrogation chain in both systems. The algorithm separating two errors is used in digital system. The traditional integrator and digital phase shift are used in analog system. An Allan standard deviation of two systems has been tested based on same physical part. Both of them have achieved at σ<inf>y</inf>(τ) < 1×10<sup>−12</sup>τ<sup>−1/2</sup> (1s≤τ≤10000s) and σ<inf>y</inf> (day) <2×10p<sup>−14</sup>.
A mixed-signal universal neuromorphic computing system

Neuromorphic information processing systems offer the potential to overcome imminent problems of state-of-the-art computers, in particular the energy efficiency problem, the device reliability problem and the software complexity problem. This paper starts with a short overview of state-of-the-art neuromorphic hardware implementations and their applications. It then describes the time-accelerated mixed-signal approach of the BrainScaleS project in some detail.
From Honeycomb- to Microsphere-Patterned Surfaces of Poly(Lactic Acid) and a Starch-Poly(Lactic Acid) Blend via the Breath Figure Method

Background This study investigated the preparation of ordered patterned surfaces and/or microspheres from a natural-based polymer, using the breath figure and reverse breath figure methods. Methods Poly(D,L-lactic acid) and starch poly(lactic acid) solutions were precipitated in different conditions – namely, polymer concentration, vapor atmosphere temperature and substrate – to evaluate the effect of these conditions on the morphology of the precipitates obtained. Results The possibility of fine-tuning the properties of the final patterns simply by changing the vapor atmosphere was also demonstrated here using a range of compositions of the vapor phase. Porous films or discrete particles are formed when the differences in surface tension determine the ability of polymer solution to surround water droplets or methanol to surround polymer droplets, respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed applying a simple standard protocol to evaluate the possibility to use these materials in biomedical applications. Moreover, fluorescent microscopy images showed a good interaction of cells with the material, which were able to adhere on the patterned surfaces after 24 hours in culture. Conclusions The development of patterned surfaces using the breath figure method was tested in this work for the preparation of both poly(lactic acid) and a blend containing starch and poly(lactic acid). The potential of these films to be used in the biomedical area was confirmed by a preliminary cytotoxicity test and by morphological observation of cell adhesion.
Frontline: Optimal T cell activation requires the engagement of CD6 and CD166

The T cell surface glycoprotein, CD6 binds CD166 in the first example of an interaction between a scavenger receptor cysteine‐rich domain and an immunoglobulin‐like domain. We report that in human these proteins interact with a KD =0.4–1.0 μM and Koff ≥0.4–0.63 s–1, typical of many leukocyte membrane protein interactions. CD166 also interacts in a homophilic manner but with around 100‐fold lower affinity (KD =29–48 μM and Koff ≥ 5.3 s–1). At concentrations, that will block the CD6/CD166 interaction, soluble monomeric CD6 and CD166 inhibit antigen‐specific human T cell responses. This is consistent with extracellular engagement between CD6 and CD166 being required for an optimal immune response.
Studies of the Effect of Ultrasonic Waves on:IV - Germination, Growth Regulators and Nucleic AcidContents of Peanut Seedlings@@@دراسات عن تأثير الموجات فوق الصوتية على: 4- الإنبات ومنظمات النمو ةالأحماض النووية لبادرات الفول السوداني

The effect of ultrasonic waves on seed germination, nucle- ic acid contents as well as growth regulators of peanut seedlings were carried out. The data obtained showed that, ultrasonification has af- fected seed germination as well as water content of peanut, that lowest percentage of germination and water content were obtained at short exposure to ultrasonic waves (15 minutes). The DNA and RNA contents were decreased by ultrasonic waves especially at long exposure (60 minutes). Ultrasonification of peanut seedlings induced a marked reduction in cytokinin activity. At long exposure (60 minutes), auxin content of peanut seedlings showed marked increasing in treated seedlings as compared with untreated un- til 72 hours. However, gibberellin contents showed verse manner as that of auxin, thus short exposure (15 minutes) recorded the highest values until 72 hours.
An inherited atypical 1 Mb 22q11.2 deletion within the DGS/VCFS 3 Mb region in a child with obesity and aggressive behavior

The DiGeorge, Velocardiofacial, and Conotruncal Anomaly Face syndromes (DGS/VCFS/CTAF) are knowncollectively as the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11 DS) [Shaikh et al., 2000; Swillen et al., 2000]. Although most individuals have the same large 3 Mb 22q11.2 de novo deletion, a recurrent 1.5–2 Mb proximally nested deletion is more common in familial cases of 22q11.2 DS [Iascone et al., 2002; Adeyinka et al., 2004; Fernandez et al., 2005]. Atypical smaller or uniquely placed deletions have been described in only a few patients [Kurahashi et al., 1996, 1997; Amati et al., 1999; Shaikh et al., 2000; Garcia-Minaur et al., 2002; Rauch et al., 2005]. We report on a rare 1 Mb 22q11.2 deletion in a female patient with obesity, hyperphagia, and aggressive behavior, and in her mother who had a major depressive disorder. The deletion was identified serendipitously in the proband during a microdeletion screening for syndromic obesity and was limited to the most telomeric region of the 3 Mb typically deleted region. The patient (Fig. 1) was the first child of nonconsanguinous parents with an unremarkable family history. Decreased fetal movement was reported. She was delivered at term by caesarean. Apgar scores were 8 and 9 at 1 and 5 min, respectively. The birth weight was 2.9 kg ( 25th centile), length 48 cm ( 10th centile), and the OFC 34 cm ( 25th centile). Neonatal jaundice was treated with phototherapy. The sucking reflex was present, but she fed with difficulty until 1 year of age when gastroesophageal reflux was diagnosed. Delayed closure of anterior fontanel was reported. She walked independently at 1 year and 4 months. On examination at 4 years of age, the OFC was 52 cm (50–98th centile), height was 101 cm (25–50th centile), and weight was 27 kg (>97th centile). She had a narrow forehead, synophrys, upslanted palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes, divergent strabismus of the right eye, small mouth and thin lips, high-arched palate, short philtrum, retrognathia, small hands, and pes planus. Her problems included speech articulation, sleep difficulties, hyperphagia, decreased sensitivity to pain, hyperactivity, and aggressive behavior, such as beating strangers, and self-injurious behaviors including head banging, biting, hair pulling, and skin picking. When re-evaluated at age 8 years, there were no significant changes. Compulsive food eating and behavioral problems had worsened. She weighed 67 kg (>97th centile) with truncal obesity, and height was 130 cm (50–75th centile). She took antipsychotic medication to control aggressiveness and attended a special education school. The patient’s mother has had a major depressive disorder and anxiety for 10 years, for which she has taken several psychiatric medications. She had similar facial features to her daughter including divergent strabismus on the right eye, and a hypernasal speech. She weighed 71 kg and was 160 cm tall (BMI 27.7, overweight). She was otherwise