Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Contactless Crank-rocker Machine

Objective: In this paper, a proposed technique of motion transmission is introduced, which is based on the crank-rocker principle of motion. The energy transmission action is performed through magnetic force, in which no direct connection is made between the energy source input and the energy load output. Also, to illustrate the concept of motion and to approve the continuity of energy transmission using this proposed technique, a simple model of this mechanism has been built and run, showing the basic sequence of operation. Methodology/analysis: In this mechanical transmission mechanism, one side is rotating and the other side is vibrating, in which any side is energy input (which is usually the vibrating rocker), and the other side is energy output (which is the rotating crank). That seems similar to the classical crank-rocker machine in the four-bar mechanism, but without direct mechanical contact between the input and output energy stream. The concept of motion and mathematical analysis with structuring conditions is provided in this paper, where the dynamic analysis of the system is left for future work. A pilot physical prototype is manufactured and experimentally tested, validating the proposed design. Findings: The structural parameters of this proposed contactless crank-rocker machine have been modelled and simulated using the MATLAB program. It shows that these parameters could be selected and optimized to guarantee the minimum conditions for continued energy transmission. Based on these parameters, a simple model has been built and operated, which illustrates the concept of motion and validates the finding of MATLAB simulation. Novelty/improvement:Contactless crank-rocker motion is a very promising technique. It is possible to apply it in many applications, like the energy harvesting area, and it could be employed certainly in specific designs, such as MEMS, where no other motion transmission types can be used. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-02-07 Full Text: PDF
Accumulation of zinc, iron and selenium in wheat as affected by phosphorus supply in salinised condition

ABSTRACT Biofortification of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and selenium (Se) in crops could be affected by environmental factors such as soil salinity and phosphorus supply levels, as well as by the genotypic effect. Two pot experiments were conducted with one examined the effects of P supply and salinity on plant growth and Zn, Fe and Se uptake in wheat, and the other examined genotypic differences in Zn, Fe and Se accumulation among 20 wheat genotypes. The results of the first pot study showed significant interactive effects between P supply and salinity on Zn, Fe and Se accumulation. Increasing salinity at the same P supply level increased shoot Zn concentrations, but significantly decreased total shoot Zn amount owing to decreased aboveground biomass. An increased accumulation of total shoot Fe and Se in P-added treatments, relative to the no-P treatments, was mainly due to increased aboveground biomass. The results of the second pot study showed substantial genotypic variations in Zn, Fe and Se accumulation; principal component analysis (PCA) suggested that agronomic traits and nutrient accumulation were controlled by independent genetic mechanisms. These results indicated that the amount of P supply is a key factor regulating biomass and accumulation of Zn, Fe and Se in certain saline soils; the sizable genotypic difference in Zn, Fe and Se accumulation observed in salinised conditions has provided potential scope for genetic improvement by breeding strategies.
Fuzzy Approximation-Based Task-Space Control of Robot Manipulators With Remote Center of Motion Constraint

The presence of unknown physical interaction between the patients’ body and surgical tool in laparoscopic surgery requires a secure end-effector positioning while assuring a reliable constraint motion. In this work, a task-space control approach based on fuzzy approximation is proposed for a teleoperated surgery scenario utilizing a serial redundant robot manipulator (7 degrees of freedom), the motions of which are constrained with respect to a point known as remote center of motion (RCM). The dynamical uncertainties due to the physical interaction are considered and estimated to maintain operational accuracy by introducing the decoupled adaptive fuzzy approximation technique. Experiments verify the presented approach’s effectiveness. Results indicate that with the proposed control method, the accuracy of the surgical operation is improved while the safety can be ensured for teleoperated surgery with RCM constraint.
Ophthalmology and Social Media: An In-Depth Investigation of Ophthalmologic Content on Instagram

Purpose Social media has become a popular source of health information for patients. This study aimed to characterize the top-performing ophthalmologic posts on a large social media platform to better understand the spread of ophthalmic information via social media. Materials and Methods This was a web-based study that searched for ophthalmology-related posts on Instagram, with subjects being users who posted ophthalmic content. A list of 36 ophthalmology-related hashtags, including the most common diagnoses and procedures identified from the IRIS Registry, was queried. For each hashtag, data were collected for “Top 9 posts” (as ranked by Instagram’s engagement-based algorithm) at three different time points. Posts were analyzed for the poster’s background, credentials, post format, content, caption length, and engagement level. Results Of the top-performing posts analyzed (n = 972), the most frequent post format was a photo (82.2%), followed by video (8.8%) and graphic (8.4%). Ophthalmologists (35.8%) authored the highest number of posts, followed by patients (27.1%), optometrists (20.1%), and organizations (12.7%). The highest average engagement level ratios (ELRs) belonged to ophthalmologists-in-training (0.096), followed by patients (0.084), optometrists (0.070), all ophthalmologists (0.067) and organizations (0.051); p < 0.001. The most engaging type of content was self-promotional (0.118) and personal experience-related (0.091); educational content was the least engaging (0.059) even though it comprised the majority of posts (56%); (p < 0.001). Characteristics that predicted the highest ELRs (reaching 80th percentile) were captions and/or images that featured personal experiences (3.335 OR), whitecoats (3.259), and those authored by ophthalmologist trainees (3.172); (p < 0.01). The least engaging were those featuring fundus photos (0.281), educational content (0.359), and authored by organizations (0.428); (p < 0.05). Conclusion The majority of ophthalmologic content on Instagram is authored by non-ophthalmologists, with educational content being the least engaging. Practicing ophthalmologists have an opportunity to reach more patients through social media by incorporating specific features known to drive post engagement and reach. Precis Social media has become a popular source of health information for patients. Our study demonstrates that the majority of ophthalmology content on Instagram is authored by non- ophthalmologists, with educational content being the least engaging. Practicing ophthalmologists have an opportunity to reach a wider audience through social media by incorporating specific features known to drive post engagement and reach.
Generation of a Dystrophin Mutant in Dog by Nuclear Transfer Using CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Somatic Cells: A Preliminary Study

Dystrophinopathy is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, which lead to progressive muscle degeneration, necrosis, and finally, death. Recently, golden retrievers have been suggested as a useful animal model for studying human dystrophinopathy, but the model has limitations due to difficulty in maintaining the genetic background using conventional breeding. In this study, we successfully generated a dystrophin mutant dog using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and somatic cell nuclear transfer. The dystrophin mutant dog displayed phenotypes such as elevated serum creatine kinase, dystrophin deficiency, skeletal muscle defects, an abnormal electrocardiogram, and avoidance of ambulation. These results indicate that donor cells with CRISPR/Cas9 for a specific gene combined with the somatic cell nuclear transfer technique can efficiently produce a dystrophin mutant dog, which will help in the successful development of gene therapy drugs for dogs and humans.
Vehicle Driving Longitudinal Control Based on Double Deep Q Network

Aiming at the problem that the adaptive cruise control system fails to follow the car due to the extreme motion of the preceding car during the following car following control, based on the analysis of the motion characteristics of the vehicle, a reward function that can consider the motion characteristics of the preceding car is proposed. The car-following problem is constructed as a Markov decision process under a certain reward function, deep reinforcement learning algorithms are brought in to solve the problem, and the Double Deep Q Network is used to establish a car-following strategy. The movement of the front and rear cars is regarded as a state change process. Uniformly accelerate linear motion, establish relational equations to solve, and train the car-following network with the solution as a reward, and conduct interactive iterative learning through the environment established with unity. Finally, the control strategy is tested based on real driving data.
Perbandingan Metode Deep Residual Network 50 dan Deep Residual Network 152 untuk Deteksi Penyakit Pneumonia pada Manusia

AbstrakPneumonia merupakan salah satu masalah Kesehatan yang sering dijumpai dan mempunyai dampak yang signifikan di seluruh dunia. Insiden pneumonia dilaporkan meningkat sesuai dengan bertambahnya usia. Pneumonia merupakan diagnosis terbanyak ketiga. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mengidentifikasi citra paru-paru dalam bentuk citra x-ray dengan metode ResNet-50 dan ResNet-152 sebagai ekstrasi ciri dan klasifikasinya. Performa sistem diukur berdasarkan nilai akurasi, presisi, recall, dan f-measure. Eksperimen dilakukan pada dataset paru-paru dengan menggunakan dua metode tersebut dan didapatkan akurasi terbaik pada ResNet-152. Hasil menunjukkan nilai rata-rata terbaik accuracy 89,3%, precision 88,8%, recall 89,6%, dan f-measure 89%. Hasil tersebut dipengaruhi oleh jumlah dataset dari citra training, citra validation, dan citra uji.Kata kunci: Penumonia, Deep Residual Network, RESNET-50, RESNET-152AbstractPneumonia is one of the most common health problems and has a significant impact throughout the world. The incidence of pneumonia is reported to increase with age. Pneumonia is the third most common diagnosis. In this study, the authors identified lung images in the form of x-ray images using the ResNet-50 and ResNet-152 methods as feature extraction and classification. System performance is measured based on the values of accuracy, precision, recall, and f-measure. Experiments were carried out on lung datasets using these two methods and the best accuracy was obtained on ResNet-152. The results show the best average value for accuracy is 89.3%, precision is 88.8%, recall is 89.6%, and f-measure is 89%. These results are influenced by the number of datasets from training images, validation images, and test images.Keywords: Penumonia, Deep Residual Network, RESNET-50, RESNET-152
A proposed asymmetrical configuration of cascaded multilevel inverter topology for high level generation

Multilevel inverters are having high demand in high power applications. It works in medium voltage range. In this converter, for specific time intervals fewer switches will be conducting so switching loss is also reduced. This paper represents overall total harmonic distortion (THD) for different levels and different carrier frequencies. Switching loss, conduction loss of inverter has been discussed and hence inverter efficiency can be calculated. Phase displacement pulse width modulation method has been proposed in order to generate pulses. The proposed topology is well presented by its practical implementation with two current direct sources. All the simulations are being carried out using MATLAB/Simulink platform to validate the hardware results.
The Effect of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticles Addition on the Mechanical Parameters of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies

The number of studies on the subject of effects of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles addition on the mechanical parameters of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is still very limited. Therefore, in this research, the authors wanted to assess PMMA modified with the nano-ZrO2 additive in terms of changes in flexural, impact and tensile strength values in relation to PMMA without such component. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of incorporating nano-ZrO2 into PMMA on individual types of material strength. The obtained numerical data were tabulated and analyzed in the search for percentage changes in those parameters. It was then calculated for each set and the procured model was examined using residual sum of squares (RSS) to assess the discrepancy between the data and the estimation model whilst mean absolute deviation (MAD) was employed to determine robustness. The results of the systematic review were composed of data obtained from individual studies presented in eight independent articles. Overall, the addition of nano-ZrO2 increases the flexural strength of the composite with the PMMA matrix depending on the size of the ZrO2 grains administered. Unfortunately, these conclusions are based on a very limited amount of research and require further verification, especially regarding tensile strength.
Development of Submicrocapsules Based on Co-Assembled Like-Charged Silica Nanoparticles and Detonation Nanodiamonds and Polyelectrolyte Layers

Capsules with shells based on nanoparticles of different nature co-assembled at the interface of liquid phases of emulsion are promising carriers of lipophilic drugs. To obtain such capsules, theoretically using the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory and experimentally using dynamic light-scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods, the interaction of like-charged silica nanoparticles and detonation nanodiamonds in an aqueous solution was studied and their ratios selected for the formation of submicron-sized colloidosomes. The resulting colloidosomes were modified with additional layers of nanoparticles and polyelectrolytes, applying LbL technology. As a model anti-cancer drug, thymoquinone was loaded into the developed capsules, demonstrating a significant delay of the release as a result of colloidosome surface modification. Fluorescence flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed efficient internalization of the capsules by MCF7 cancer cells. The obtained results demonstrated a high potential for nanomedicine application in the field of the drug-delivery system development.
The Balance Analysis for Scroll Compressor

This paper analyzes the balance problem of the scroll compressor vibration and dynamic load, and compare the two times balance method, swing force balance, swing moment balance method of four linkage machine and the general balance method, put forward some new schemes, and thesenew schemes lay the foundation for the inertial force and inertial moment balance of the scroll compressor more precisely.
Study on Preparation of Superhydrophobic Copper Surface by Milling and Its Protective Performance

Using milling method, a 0.1 mm flat-bottom sharp knife was used to mill the surface of Cu substrate in a CNC engraving machine to construct the microstructure of rectangular bumps, and rectangular bumps with different sizes and different distances were prepared by changing the distance between cutter tips. After deburring and stearic acid modification, a superhydrophobic Cu surface with excellent mechanical durability and stability was successfully prepared. Through friction and wear experiments, the contact angle of the superhydrophobic Cu surface decreased slightly while retaining excellent corrosion resistance.
Adaptive Scattering Transforms for Playing Technique Recognition

Playing techniques contain distinctive information about musical expressivity and interpretation. Yet, current research in music signal analysis suffers from a scarcity of computational models for playing techniques, especially in the context of live performance. To address this problem, our paper develops a general framework for playing technique recognition. We propose the adaptive scattering transform, which refers to any scattering transform that includes a stage of data-driven dimensionality reduction over at least one of its wavelet variables, for representing playing techniques. Two adaptive scattering features are presented: frequency-adaptive scattering and direction-adaptive scattering. We analyse seven playing techniques: vibrato, tremolo, trill, flutter-tongue, acciaccatura, portamento, and glissando. To evaluate the proposed methodology, we create a new dataset containing full-length Chinese bamboo flute performances (CBFdataset) with expert playing technique annotations. Once trained on the proposed scattering representations, a support vector classifier achieves state-of-the-art results. We provide explanatory visualisations of scattering coefficients for each technique and verify the system over three additional datasets with various instrumental and vocal techniques: VPset, SOL, and VocalSet.
Nanomedicine-Based Delivery Strategies for Breast Cancer Treatment and Management

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women globally. It is caused by mutations in the estrogen/progesterone receptors and conventional treatment methods are commonly utilized. About 70–80 percent of individuals with the early-stage non-metastatic disease may be cured. Conventional treatment is far less than the optimal ratio, as demonstrated through the high mortality rate of women with this cancer. However, conventional treatment methods like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are not as effective as expected and lead to concerns about low bioavailability, low cellular uptake, emerging resistance, and adverse toxicities. A nanomedicine-based approach is a promising alternative for breast cancer treatment. The present era is witnessing rapid advancements in nanomedicine as a platform for investigating novel therapeutic applications and modern intelligent healthcare management strategies. This paper focuses on nanomedicine-based therapeutic interventions that are becoming more widely accepted for improving treatment effectiveness and reducing undesired side effects in breast cancer patients. By evaluating the state-of-the-art tools and taking the challenges involved into consideration, various aspects of the proposed nano-enabled therapeutic approaches have been discussed in this review.
The Effect of Economic Freedom on Commercial Banks Efficiency, Does Economic Freedom Enhance Bank’s Efficiency?

Generally the main objective of commercial banks is to increase shareholders’ wealth via profit maximization or cost minimization. The profitability of banks is associated with the stage of bank’s efficiency. To achieve a greater efficiency level, the banks have to be aware to their profits and costs levels. Additionally, the main elements of economic freedom are individual selection, voluntary exchange, freedom to compete, and protection of person and property. Nevertheless, some essential foundations of economic freedom normally those related to property rights, regulatory restrictions and government regulations are difficult to capture with objective processes. Therefore, the degree of economic freedom is playing a vital role in financial institutions’ profitability and banks’ efficiency specifically. This study contains two stages of analysis in order to examine the efficiency of the European banking system. In the first stage, will use the “bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)” method to measure the efficiency of particular banks in the period 2010-2018. Then use panel data regression “(Pooled OLS, Random effect RE and Fixed effect FE)” to examine the impact of economic freedom on bank efficiency. The findings show that a strong positive connection between some indicators of the economic freedom index such as overall economic freedom, business freedom and financial freedom and the efficiency of the bank under this study. On the other hand, this study has found that property right indicator negatively affecting bank’s efficiency. Similarly tax burden indicator has a strong negative relationship with bank’s efficiency.
Pre‐dispersal seed predation could help explain premature fruit drop in a tropical forest

Pre‐dispersal seed mortality caused by premature fruit drop is a potentially important source of plant mortality, but one which has rarely been studied in the context of tropical forest plants. Of particular interest is premature fruit drop triggered by enemies, which—if density dependent—could contribute to species coexistence in tropical forest plant communities. We used a long‐term (31 year) dataset on seed and fruit fall obtained through weekly collections from a network of seed traps in a lowland tropical forest (Barro Colorado Island, Panama) to estimate the proportion of seeds prematurely abscised for 201 woody plant species. To determine whether enemy attack might contribute to premature fruit drop, we tested whether plant species abscise more of their fruit prematurely if they (a) have attributes hypothesised to be associated with high levels of enemy attack and (b) are known to be attacked by one enemy group (insect seed predators). We also tested (c) whether mean rates of premature fruit drop for plant species are phylogenetically conserved. Overall rates of premature fruit drop were high in the plant community. Across all species, 39% of seeds were abscised before completing their development. Rates of premature seed abscission varied considerably among species and could not be explained by phylogeny. Premature seed abscission rates were higher in species which are known to host pre‐dispersal insect seed predators and species with attributes that were hypothesised to make them more susceptible to attack by pre‐dispersal enemies, namely species which (a) have larger seeds, (b) have a greater average height, (c) have temporally predictable fruiting patterns and (d) are more abundant at the study site. Synthesis. Premature fruit drop is likely to be a major source of seed mortality for many plant species on Barro Colorado Island. It is plausible that pre‐dispersal seed enemies, such as insect seed predators, contribute to community‐level patterns of premature fruit drop and have the potential to mediate species coexistence through stabilising negative density dependence. Our study suggests that the role of pre‐dispersal enemies in structuring tropical plant communities should be considered alongside the more commonly studied post‐dispersal seed and seedling enemies.