Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preparing university teachers for times of uncertainty: the role of a transnational pedagogical-development training in Palestinian higher education

PurposeThe aim of this study is to explore the extent to which a transnational pedagogical training affected university teachers' approaches to teaching, as well as their efficacy beliefs and cultural perceptions, and to examine how such training could stimulate teachers' pedagogical-development processes beyond the specific context.Design/methodology/approachAn explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was adopted for the study. Quantitative data were collected through an online self-reported questionnaire from two-independent samples, both before (n = 119) and after (n = 110) the training. Qualitative data were collected after the training through episodic narrative interviews with five teachers.FindingsThe quantitative and qualitative findings indicate contradictory aspects of the teaching approach and perceived culture. While the questionnaire responses highlighted the dominance of teacher-centred teaching approaches and an individualistic culture, a thematic analysis of the interview data showed that teachers experienced pedagogical development as (1) increasing student engagement, (2) improving their own teaching practices, (3) a community activity and (4) an institutionalised process.Research limitations/implicationsThe design of the current research may have limited the authors’ potential to deeply investigate the effect of the transnational pedagogical training, as only snapshots of the teachers' perceptions were elicited. Future studies might consider a within-subject longitudinal design to thoroughly follow teachers' trajectories in learning and development over time.Practical implicationsThe research findings suggest that transnational pedagogical training initiatives are to be promoted amidst these uncertain times. Even though the focus of the study was not to explore the teachers' perceptions of teaching development during the pandemic, the current results imply that the mentioned training helped teachers in tailoring their pedagogical practices to suit the unexpected online teaching settings.Originality/valueThe study adds to the relatively new literature on the perceived effect of transnational pedagogical training initiatives. This study’s findings contribute to the body of knowledge related to pedagogical development in fragile and conflict-affected contexts.
DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL HOLOGRAPHIC IMPEDANCE METASURFACE FOR NEAR-FIELD FOCUSING

—In this paper, a design method for near-ﬁeld focusing cylindrical holographic impedance metasurfaces is proposed. Firstly, based on the design theory of planar holographic impedance metasurface, we deduce the design formula for cylindrical holographic impedance metasurface by using the method of major axis matching. Then the feasibility of theoretical analysis is veriﬁed by simulation and measurement. The results show that the design method can eﬀectively realize the near-ﬁeld focusing, which can provide a reference for the application of conformal devices for microwave hyperthermia and energy harvesting.
Multiple electromagnetic scattering by spheres using the T-matrix formulation

Low observable technology is used in order to prevent detection, or to delay detection. Radar cross section is an important parameter in aircraft survivability since it measures how detectable an object is with radar. To find the radar cross section Maxwell's equations are solved numerically in the time-domain using a finite difference scheme. This numerical method called Finite Difference Time Domain is very suitable for structures including complex materials. However, this numerical method needs to be verified for large scale simulations, due to numerical dispersion errors. Therefore it is desirable to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulations. In this project, the analytical solution to the multiple scattering by two spheres is implemented using the T-matrix formulation. The analytical solution to the scattering problem is first validated with the analytical Mie-series solution then compared to the Finite Difference Time Domain implementation. The results imply that the difference between the numerical and analytical solution is larger for higher frequencies and larger computational volumes.
News Media Mining to Explore Speed-Crash-Traffic Association During COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of everyone from almost every perspective. Research communities from many domains have contributed to quantifying and mitigating the influence of the ongoing pandemic. The public depend on news media for reliable information. At the start of the pandemic in March 2020, many news media articles started to report on quieter roads resulting from travel restriction and work from home mandates, but also more excessive speeding and more traffic fatalities. Although the news media’s representation of the crash-speed association is often not based on data-driven safety analysis, the extent to which the media place emphasis on such news content has never been adequately quantified. The current study performed content analysis and text mining (both text network analysis and topic modeling) to explore the representations of speed-crash association in news media (local, national, and international) to provide insights into the generated news content. Findings reveal that topics such as a surge in fatal crashes, careless driving, driving under the influence, law enforcement, and equity issues, as well as impacts on pedestrians and bicyclists, were frequently highlighted by local, national, and international news media during the pandemic era.
Pansharpening with the Multidirection Tree Ridgelet Dictionary

In this work, we propose a novel pansharpening method based on the multidirection tree ridgelet dictionary. A pansharpened image has a wide-ranging application area, such as object detection, image segmentation, feature extraction, and so on. Remote sensing (RS) imagery contains more abundant information on surface features. In order to represent different object information, we use three main classes of different dictionaries, which can reveal the latent structure of RS image. First, RS imagery is divided into several blocks. Each block is classified as smooth, irregular, or multidirection categories. Different categories are sparsely represented in different dictionaries. Second, the smooth blocks are sparsely represented in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) dictionary. The irregular and the multidirection blocks are sparsely represented in the KSVD and multidirection tree ridgelet (MDTR) dictionary, respectively. Finally, we can obtain the fusion image by reconstructing those blocks. Some experiments are taken on three different datasets acquired by QuickBird, GeoEye, and IKONOS satellites. Experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce spectral distortion and enhance spatial information. Meanwhile, numerical guidelines outperform some related methods.
Entry Flashes of Cometary Fragments in Jovian Upper Atmosphere

Short lasting flashes, called as First Precursor (PCI), were observed by some ground-based nearinfrared observations for the impacts of large-sized fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL9) in July 1994. The impact detections by the spacecraft Galileo [2, 7] about 10 seconds after the PCI detections by ground based telescopes, combined with the far-side impacts of SL9 fragments as viewed from Earth, suggest that the source of the PCI should be located in the Jovian upper atmosphere above the limb, at which the atmospheric pressure is extremely low. Thus, an important problem on the PCI is how does the falling cometary fragment, which is a huge meteorite, emit near-infrared in the extremely thin atmosphere. The ablation model, which is usually used for an impact bolide, can only estimate flux from the bolide in a dense atmosphere at visible wavelength. In this paper, we assume that the PCls are thermal radiation from the fragments and attempt quantitative estimations of the PCI fluxes using a simple entry flash model.
A Speech Recognizer for Frisian/Dutch Council Meetings

We developed a bilingual Frisian/Dutch speech recognizer for council meetings in Fryslân (the Netherlands). During these meetings both Frisian and Dutch are spoken, and code switching between both languages shows up frequently. The new speech recognizer is based on an existing speech recognizer for Frisian and Dutch named FAME! , which was trained and tested on historical radio broadcasts. Adapting a speech recognizer for the council meeting domain is challenging because of acoustic background noise, speaker overlap and the jargon typically used in council meetings. To train the new recognizer, we used the radio broadcast materials utilized for the development of the FAME! recognizer and added newly created manually transcribed audio recordings of council meetings from eleven Frisian municipalities, the Frisian provincial council and the Frisian water board. The council meeting recordings consist of 49 hours of speech, with 26 hours of Frisian speech and 23 hours of Dutch speech. Furthermore, from the same sources, we obtained texts in the domain of council meetings containing 11 million words; 1.1 million Frisian words and 9.9 million Dutch words. We describe the methods used to train the new recognizer, report the observed word error rates, and perform an error analysis on remaining errors.
The Effect of a Non‐grey Surface Boundary Condition on the Evolution of Low‐mass Stars

The surface boundary condition for stellar evolution models is usually provided by a grey model atmosphere. However, low mass pre‐main sequence stars and red giants have a low surface temperature which results in a non‐grey opacity distribution. Consequently such stars must be modelled by using a surface boundary condition based upon a non‐grey model atmosphere. Here we discuss how non‐grey effects could alter the calibration of the mixing length parameter.
RRCC_A_198590 33..41

1Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; 2Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; 3Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; 4Endothelial Centre, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; 5Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; 6Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; 7Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; 8Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; 9Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a pre-seasonal 12-week
The skinning in character animation: A survey

: The skinning in the character animation is always one of the vital research contents in computer animation. In recent years, with the rapid development of the 3D game, animation, and film special effects production industry, the requirements for character skin technology have gradually increased, and the innovative development of skin technology has also received more and more attention from researchers, resulting in the birth of many new methods and technologies. This article focuses on analyzing different methods of skinning technology, which can be roughly divided into four categories: Direct Skinning Methods, Automatic Skinning, Example-based Shape Deformation, and Direct Delta Skinning. The contents and details of each method are listed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the above methods are compared and analyzed. Finally, aiming at the shortcomings in the current work, some problems that can be further studied are proposed.
Perception of the quality of life of older adults of Borba-AM, Brazil

Quality of life is a multidimensional concept that refers to an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value system in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations and standards and is affected by their physical health and the psychological state. This study aimed to describe the perception of health-related quality of life of elderly people living in the municipality of Borba-AM, Brazil. The sample consisted of 233 elderly people (71.2 ± 8.9 years). The data were obtained through the generic instrument of quality of life "Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey" (SF-36). It is verified that the domains: functional capacity, pain, general health, vitality and social aspects had higher and statistically significant values (p<0.05) for the male group compared to the female gender. Elderly people presented a good perception of health-related quality of life in most of the investigated domains (physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, role-emotional, social functioning and mental health).
Constructing Distributions of Variation in Referring Expression Type from Corpora for Model Evaluation

The generation of referring expressions (REs) is a non-deterministic task. However, the algorithms for the generation of REs are standardly evaluated against corpora of written texts which include only one RE per each reference. Our goal in this work is firstly to reproduce one of the few studies taking the distributional nature of the RE generation into account. We add to this work, by introducing a method for exploring variation in human RE choice on the basis of longitudinal corpora - substantial corpora with a single human judgement (in the process of composition) per RE. We focus on the prediction of RE types, proper name, description and pronoun. We compare evaluations made against distributions over these types with evaluations made against parallel human judgements. Our results show agreement in the evaluation of learning algorithms against distributions constructed from parallel human evaluations and from longitudinal data.
APPENDIX 3 Achilles tendinopathy Effects of interventions mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy Functional disability

Two studies(Rompe et al., 2009a, Rompe et al., 2007) reported VISA-A scores(Robinson et al., 2001) to assess the functional disability of the participants with mid-portion AT at mid-term follow-up and results are presented in Figure 1. There was no significant difference between ECSWT and eccentric training group. (Rompe et al., 2007) The quality of evidence was low (only one high-quality RCT, 50 participants, MD=5.20, 95%CI -14.92 to 4.52). Between those who received ECSWT and those following a wait-and-see policy, low-quality evidence revealed a significant difference in disability scores in favour of ECSWT (one RCT(Rompe et al., 2007), 50 participants, MD=15.4, 95%CI 7.25 to 23.55). This difference was clinically relevant as the MCID in the VISA-A is considered 12 points. The difference between ECSWT and ECSWT combined with eccentric training reached the criteria of MCID for the group with combined treatment. The level of evidence was very low-quality, because of the indirect comparison (Table 3)(one RCT(Rompe et al., 2009a), 68 participants, MD=13.50, 95%CI 5.15 to 21.85)
Unmasking the Myth of Effortless Big Data - Making an Open Source Multi-lingual Infrastructure and Building Language Resources from Scratch

Machine learning (ML) approaches have dominated NLP during the last two decades. From machine translation and speech technology, ML tools are now also in use for spellchecking and grammar checking, with a blurry distinction between the two. We unmask the myth of effortless big data by illuminating the efforts and time that lay behind building a multi-purpose corpus with regard to collecting, mark-up and building from scratch. We also discuss what kind of language technology minority languages actually need, and to what extent the dominating paradigm has been able to deliver these tools. In this context we present our alternative to corpus-based language technology, which is knowledge-based language technology, and we show how this approach can provide language technology solutions for languages being outside the reach of machine learning procedures. We present a stable and mature infrastructure (GiellaLT) containing more than hundred languages and building a number of language technology tools that are useful for language communities.
SPITZER OBSERVATIONS OF GJ 3470 b: A VERY LOW-DENSITY NEPTUNE-SIZE PLANET ORBITING A METAL-RICH M DWARF

We present Spitzer/IRAC 4.5 μm transit photometry of GJ 3470 b, a Neptune-size planet orbiting an M1.5 dwarf star with a 3.3 day period recently discovered in the course of the HARPS M-dwarf survey. We refine the stellar parameters by employing purely empirical mass–luminosity and surface brightness relations constrained by our updated value for the mean stellar density, and additional information from new near-infrared spectroscopic observations. We derive a stellar mass of and a radius of . We determine the host star of GJ 3470 b to be metal-rich, with a metallicity of [Fe/H] = +0.20 ± 0.10 and an effective temperature of Teff = 3600 ± 100 K. The revised stellar parameters yield a planetary radius that is 13% larger than the value previously reported in the literature. We find a planetary mass that translates to a very low planetary density, g cm−3, which is 33% smaller than the original value. With a mean density half of that of GJ 436 b, GJ 3470 b is an example of a very low-density low-mass planet, similar to Kepler-11 d, Kepler-11 e, and Kepler-18 c, but orbiting a much brighter nearby star that is more conducive to follow-up studies.
-94-Evaluation of Economic Efficiency in Western Regions from a New Perspective ——Empirical Research Based on the Three-stage DEA Model

: This paper uses the three-stage DEA analysis method proposed by Fried et al. (2002) to correct the influence of factors such as environmental variables and random disturbances, and conducts an empirical analysis on the economic efficiency of 31 provincial-level regions in my country from 2010 to 2016. By comparing the economic efficiency of the western region with the central and eastern regions, it focuses on the economic development efficiency of the western region under the new perspective. The study found that the overall level of economic efficiency in China is relatively low, the economic efficiency of the eastern part remains leading and stable, and the efficiency of the central and western regions is relatively low and fluctuates greatly. The overall efficiency of the provincial economy in the western region is relatively low, and the overall efficiency of my country's economic development is gradually converging. We should focus on the characteristics of current economic development and increase investment in the economic development of the western region while maintaining stable economic growth in the eastern and central regions, so as to solve the problem of unbalanced regional economic development in our country.
Multilingual Pragmaticon: Database of Discourse Formulae

The paper presents a multilingual database aimed to be used as a tool for typological analysis of response constructions called discourse formulae (DF), cf. English ‘No way¡ or French ‘Ça va¡ ( ‘all right’). The two primary qualities that make DF of theoretical interest for linguists are their idiomaticity and the special nature of their meanings (cf. consent, refusal, negation), determined by their dialogical function. The formal and semantic structures of these items are language-specific. Compiling a database with DF from various languages would help estimate the diversity of DF in both of these aspects, and, at the same time, establish some frequently occurring patterns. The DF in the database are accompanied with glosses and assigned with multiple tags, such as pragmatic function, additional semantics, the illocutionary type of the context, etc. As a starting point, Russian, Serbian and Slovene DF are included into the database. This data already shows substantial grammatical and lexical variability.
-39-Research Progress of Percutaneous Interventional Therapy For Bifurcation Lesions of Coronary Heart Disease

: Compared with non-bifurcation lesions, even if the new generation of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) technology is used to treat coronary bifurcation lesions, the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events is still higher. The evaluation of related clinical data and computer virtual modeling before surgery can guide the implementation of bifurcation PCI in a more precise manner. The new understanding of bifurcation PCI may further improve the clinical prognosis and outcome of patients with bifurcation disease. This review aims to summarize the assessment methods of PCI for coronary heart disease non-left main bifurcation disease and the treatment plan supported by clinical evidence. The treatment plan depends on three parameters: the diameter of the three parts of the bifurcation lesion; the length of the lesion and plaque distribution; and the angle of the bifurcation. To this day, the best technique for PCI for bifurcation lesions is still controversial, and a personalized approach using temporary collateral stent implantation schemes seems to be suitable for 75% to 95% of patients. For more complex bifurcation lesions, it may be necessary to use two stents at the same time. More and more evidence supports the practicability of the DK-crush technique.
Binary theory of electronic stopping, a powerful update to Bohr's classic from 1913

In 1913, just before his work on the structure of atoms and molecules, Niels Bohr published a seminal paper on the theory of charged-particle penetration in matter, based solely on classical physics [1]. This work laid the ground for Bethe’s famous quantum theory of particle stopping [2], but attention has since then mostly – with notable exceptions – been paid to its historic and didactic values rather than as a tool in active research. This despite the well-established fact that the regimes of validity of the Bohr and the Bethe theory in terms of ion species and energy are roughly complementary [3]. The Born approximation underlying Bethe’s theory breaks down in the regime of strong interaction, i.e. for heavy ions at intermediate energies, in particular around the stopping maximum. It has been known for half a century that a proper classical theory must be superior to the Bethe theory in this regime. However, such a theory was unavailable since also Bohr’s theory is in part perturbational. A major obstacle toward establishing a valid theory of heavy-ion stopping was the Barkas effect. Identified initially as a minute dependence of the stopping force on the sign of the projectile charge [4], this effect is now known to cause a major difference between proton and antiproton stopping [5]. If treated as a second-order perturbation in the projectile charge, the effect would blow up in case of heavy ions to unreasonable magnitudes [6].
Supervised Learning via Conditional Sampling with Energy-Based Models

In this paper, we introduce a new method that doesn’t rely on cross-entropy loss and focuses on Energy-Based Models (EBMs) and conditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to improve the robustness of supervised learning. Normally, with the help of supervised learning, many models are able to obtain a high natural accuracy, but due to their prediction probabilities, they are left vulnerable to adversarial attacks. We approach this problem by training EBMs with conditional MCMC sampling using the CIFAR-10 dataset. Rather than use a normal classifier, we train EBMs to learn the true energy surface level of the labels conditional on images, making the defense stronger against adversarial attacks.