Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Programmation modulaire avec surcharge et liaison tardive

Les systèmes de modules à la SML, tout en étant très généraux et puissants, n’autorisent qu’une forme limitée de réutilisation de code et de programmation incrémentale. Dans ce travail nous proposons une extension d’un système de modules à la SML qui incorpore surcharge et liaison tardive au langage des modules, et nous montrons les avantages de cette extension pour la programmation incrémentale, aboutissant ainsi à un style de programmation similaire à celui utilisé dans certains langages orientés objets.
iRECIST and atypical patterns of response to immuno-oncology drugs

With the advent of immunotherapy as one of the keystones of the treatment of our patients with cancer, a number of atypical patterns of response to these agents has been identified. These include pseudoprogression, where the tumor initially shows objective growth before decreasing in size, and hyperprogression, hypothesized to be a drug-induced acceleration of the tumor burden. Despite it being >10 years since the first immune-oncology drug was approved, neither the biology behind these paradoxical responses has been well understood, nor their incidence, identification criteria, predictive biomarkers, or clinical impact have been fully described. Immune-based Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (iRECIST) guidelines have been published as a revision to the RECIST V.1. 1 criteria for use in trials of immunotherapeutics, and the iRECIST subcommittee (of the RECIST Working Group) is working on elucidating these aspects, with data sharing a current major challenge to move forward with this unmet need in immuno-oncology.
ALG8‐CDG: Molecular and phenotypic expansion suggests clinical management guidelines

Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a continuously expanding group of monogenic disorders of glycoprotein and glycolipid glycan biosynthesis. These disorders mostly manifest with multisystem involvement. Individuals with ALG8‐CDG commonly present with hypotonia, protein‐losing enteropathy, and hepatic involvement. Here, we describe seven unreported individuals diagnosed with ALG8‐CDG based on biochemical and molecular testing and we identify nine novel variants in ALG8, bringing the total to 26 individuals with ALG8‐CDG in the medical literature. In addition to the typical multisystem involvement documented in ALG8‐CDG, our cohort includes the two oldest patients reported and further expands the phenotype of ALG8‐CDG to include stable intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder and other neuropsychiatric symptoms. We further expand the clinical features in a variety of organ systems including ocular, musculoskeletal, dermatologic, endocrine, and cardiac abnormalities and suggest a comprehensive evaluation and monitoring strategy to improve clinical management.
Low-Cost Monitoring of Synchrophasors Using Frequency Modulation

A new, low-cost method of simultaneously measuring and communicating voltage and current on distribution networks is presented. Based on Frequency Modulation (FM) of the measured fundamental frequency (and harmonics), followed by immediate re-injection of the modulated waveform back into the network, the proposed method can be implemented using inexpensive and readily available electronics. Furthermore, the method does not require a separate communication media, but instead uses the power line itself to propagate the FM signals back to a central point. EMTP-ATP simulations on a mixed LV/MV network are performed and experimental analysis demonstrates the practicality and robustness of the new method. The low-cost of the method would suit deployment on parts of the network which are otherwise overlooked for monitoring.
A Thiazolothiazole-Based Semiconducting Polymer with Well-Balanced Hole and Electron Mobilities

We report the synthesis and properties of a new thiazolothiazole (TzTz)-based semiconducting polymer incorporating the dithienothienothiophenebisimide (TBI) unit, named PTzTBI. PTzTBI showed relatively deep HOMO and LUMO energy levels of −5.48 and −3.20 eV, respectively. Although PTzTBI mainly formed face-on backbone orientation unfavorable for transistors, PTzTBI functioned as an ambipolar semiconductor for the first time with TzTz-based polymers, with reasonably high and well-balanced hole (0.02 cm2 V−1 s−1) and electron (0.01 cm2 V−1 s−1) mobilities.
Genetic divergence among threespine stickleback that differ in nuptial coloration

Sexual signals are shaped by their intended and unintended receivers as well as the signalling environment. This interplay between sexual and natural selection can lead to divergence in signals in heterogeneous environments. Yet, the extent to which gene flow is restricted when signalling phenotypes vary across environments and over what spatial scales remains an outstanding question. In this study, we quantify gene flow between two colour morphs, red and black, of freshwater threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We capitalize on the very recent divergence of signalling phenotypes in this system to characterize within‐species and among‐morph genetic variation and to test for levels of gene flow between colour morphs in Oregon and Washington. Despite limited evidence for assortative mating between allopatric red and black populations, we found that black populations are genetically distinct from nearby red populations and that the black morph appears to have evolved independently at least twice in Oregon and Washington. Surprisingly, we uncovered a group of stickleback in one small coastal stream, Connor Creek, which is genetically and morphologically distinct from the red and black colour morphs and from marine stickleback. Historically, both colour morphs have coexisted in this location and sometimes hybridized, raising new questions about the origins and history of these fish, which were first described as anadromous‐black hybrids >50 years ago. Understanding how genetic variation is currently partitioned within and among populations and colour morphs in this system should prompt future studies to assess the relative roles of habitat, ecological and pre‐ and post‐reproductive barriers in the genetic divergence and phenotypic patterns we observe in nature.
Current breeding distributions and predicted range shifts under climate change in two subspecies of Black‐tailed Godwits in Asia

Habitat loss and shifts associated with climate change threaten global biodiversity, with impacts likely to be most pronounced at high latitudes. With the disappearance of the tundra breeding habitats, migratory shorebirds that breed at these high latitudes are likely to be even more vulnerable to climate change than those in temperate regions. We examined this idea using new distributional information on two subspecies of Black‐tailed Godwits Limosa limosa in Asia: the northerly, bog‐breeding L. l. bohaii and the more southerly, steppe‐breeding L. l. melanuroides. Based on breeding locations of tagged and molecularly assayed birds, we modelled the current breeding distributions of the two subspecies with species distribution models, tested those models for robustness and then used them to predict climatically suitable breeding ranges in 2070 according to bioclimatic variables and different climate change scenarios. Our models were robust and showed that climate change is expected to push bohaii into the northern rim of the Eurasian continent. Melanuroides is also expected to shift northward, stopping in the Yablonovyy and Stanovoy Ranges, and breeding elevation is expected to increase. Climatically suitable breeding habitat ranges would shrink to 16% and 11% of the currently estimated ranges of bohaii and melanuroides, respectively. Overall, this study provides the first predictions for the future distributions of two little‐known Black‐tailed Godwit subspecies and highlights the importance of factoring in shifts in bird distribution when designing climate‐proof conservation strategies.
A deep learning and Monte Carlo based framework for bioluminescence imaging center of mass-guided glioblastoma targeting

Objective. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a valuable tool for non-invasive monitoring of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor-bearing small animals without incurring x-ray radiation burden. However, the use of this imaging modality is limited due to photon scattering and lack of spatial information. Attempts at reconstructing bioluminescence tomography (BLT) using mathematical models of light propagation show limited progress. Approach. This paper employed a different approach by using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the tumor’s center of mass (CoM). Transfer-learning with a sizeable artificial database is employed to facilitate the training process for, the much smaller, target database including Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of real orthotopic glioblastoma models. Predicted CoM was then used to estimate a BLI-based planning target volume (bPTV), by using the CoM as the center of a sphere, encompassing the tumor. The volume of the encompassing target sphere was estimated based on the total number of photons reaching the skin surface. Main results. Results show sub-millimeter accuracy for CoM prediction with a median error of 0.59 mm. The proposed method also provides promising performance for BLI-based tumor targeting with on average 94% of the tumor inside the bPTV while keeping the average healthy tissue coverage below 10%. Significance. This work introduced a framework for developing and using a CNN for targeted radiation studies for GBM based on BLI. The framework will enable biologists to use BLI as their main image-guidance tool to target GBM tumors in rat models, avoiding delivery of high x-ray imaging dose to the animals.
Engineering extracellular vesicles by three‐dimensional dynamic culture of human mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown therapeutic potential in recent studies. However, the corresponding therapeutic components are largely unknown, and scale‐up production of hMSC EVs is a major challenge for translational applications. In the current study, hMSCs were grown as 3D aggregates under wave motion to promote EV secretion. Results demonstrate that 3D hMSC aggregates promote activation of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)‐dependent and ‐independent pathways. mRNA sequencing revealed global transcriptome alterations for 3D hMSC aggregates. Compared to 2D‐hMSC‐EVs, the quantity of 3D‐hMSC‐EVs was enhanced significantly (by 2‐fold), with smaller sizes, higher miR‐21 and miR‐22 expression, and an altered protein cargo (e.g., upregulation of cytokines and anti‐inflammatory factors) uncovered by proteomics analysis, possibly due to altered EV biogenesis. Functionally, 3D‐hMSC‐EVs rejuvenated senescent stem cells and exhibited enhanced immunomodulatory potentials. In summary, this study provides a promising strategy for scalable production of high‐quality EVs from hMSCs with enhanced therapeutic potential.
Low‐complexity user selection method in 3D MU‐MIMO systems

The user selection method based on chordal distance is widely used in multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems with block diagonalisation. It has throughput close to the capacity based method with low complexity. In this Letter, a user selection method with higher throughput and much lower complexity is proposed. To investigate the performance in a more practical channel scenario, 3D MIMO channels are used in simulations. Compared with existing user selection algorithms, the proposed method achieves good throughput performance and the lowest complexity order.
Molecular investigation and description of

The subterranean realm of the Cantabrian-Pyrenean region of northern Spain harbours a rich diversity of Zospeum. Due to their tiny size and the difficulty of finding them alive, scarce animal material has been available for scientific investigation. Recent investigations of Zospeum shells have provided valuable, but limited insights towards our understanding of the evolutionary processes occurring within this taxon in northern Spain. In an integrative study, we investigate 57 populations of Zospeum from northern Spanish caves using two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and two nuclear markers (H3 and 5.8 S rRNA + ITS2). Revealed is a separate radiation of the northern Spanish species for which the new genus, Iberozospeum, is proposed. The independent radiation of Dinaric Zospeum from that of northern Spain justifies the designation of Iberozospeum n. gen. Morphological evidence is provided via histological analysis of Iberozospeum vasconicum and SEM analyses of radulae of eastern Alpine, Dinaric and Iberian species. Important differences in morphological structure and character states are presented, including the first view of the sexually mature female and the presence of the giant albumen gland in an individual of the subterranean, troglobitic Carychiidae. Significant differences are revealed in superficial crystallographic structure of the columellar lamellae, the morphology of the columellar muscle and in the radula. Radular ribbon length, ribbon broadness, straightness of the ribbon base and cusp configuration are distinctive in the Iberian species. One new species is described corroborated by genetic and morphological characters.
Fungi-Based Microbial Fuel Cells

Fungi are among the microorganisms able to generate electricity as a result of their metabolic processes. Throughout the last several years, a large number of papers on various microorganisms for current production in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been published; however, fungi still lack sufficient evaluation in this regard. In this review, we focus on fungi, paying special attention to their potential applicability to MFCs. Fungi used as anodic or cathodic catalysts, in different reactor configurations, with or without the addition of an exogenous mediator, are described. Contrary to bacteria, in which the mechanism of electron transfer is pretty well known, the mechanism of electron transfer in fungi-based MFCs has not been studied intensively. Thus, here we describe the main findings, which can be used as the starting point for future investigations. We show that fungi have the potential to act as electrogens or cathode catalysts, but MFCs based on bacteria–fungus interactions are especially interesting. The review presents the current state-of-the-art in the field of MFC systems exploiting fungi.
Improvement of the stopband spurious window for a dual-mode dielectric resonator filter by new coupling technique

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new design technique for two configurations of a dual-mode filter using a dielectric loaded cavity operating at 1.95 GHz. The dielectric puck in the proposed filter was floated in the middle of a cylindrical metal cavity with short circuits on the side walls and holes through the ceramic from the side face. These holes allowed the insertion of coupling probes which did not affect the unloaded quality factor or the spurious window. The inline structure fourth pole Chebyshev dual mode filter offers a 870 MHz suppression window while the planar configuration was 710 MHz from the resonance frequency and the operation bandwidth of 54 MHz. The volume reduction ratio was eight times larger compared with a coaxial filter of the same Q factor.
Generic pointed quartic curves in RP 2 and uninodal dessins

In this article we obtain a rigid isotopy classiﬁcation of generic pointed quartic curves ( A , p ) in RP 2 by studying the combinatorial properties of dessins. The dessins are real versions, proposed by Orevkov (Ann Fac Sci Toulouse 12(4):517–531, 2003), of Grothendieck’s dessins d’enfants . This classiﬁcation contains 20 classes determined by the number of ovals of A , the parity of the oval containing the marked point p , the number of ovals that the tangent line T p A intersects, the nature of connected components of A \ T p A adjacent to p , and in the maximal case, on the convexity of the position of the connected components of A \ T p A . We study the combinatorial properties and decompositions of dessins corresponding to real uninodal trigonal curves in real ruled surfaces. Uninodal dessins in any surface with non-empty boundary can be decomposed in blocks corresponding to cubic dessins in the disk D 2 , which produces a classiﬁcation of these dessins. The classiﬁcation of dessins under consideration leads to a rigid isotopy classiﬁcation of generic pointed quartic curves in RP 2 . This classiﬁcation was ﬁrst obtained in Rieken (Geometr Ded 185(1):171–203, 2016) based on the relation between quartic curves and del Pezzo surfaces.
Relationship between multi‐scale climate factors and performance of ecological engineering on the Loess Plateau, China Panxing He1,2 · Jun Ma1 · Zhiming Han3 · Mingjie Shi2 · Dongxiang Xu4 · Zongjiu Sun2

were also used to detect possible causes for vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau over the past 20 years. The results show that widespread increases in rates of normalized difference vegetation indexes (NDVI), leaf area indexes (LAI), gross primary production (GPP), and aboveground biomass carbon (ABC) during 2000–2016 were significantly higher than before 2000. GPP was significantly correlated with rainfall and surface runoff on a monthly scale, and there were significant positive correlations between GPP and atmospheric circulation. Our results demonstrate that both vegetation structural and functional indicators rapidly increase, and ecological engineering greatly accelerated vegetation restoration after 2000. Local climatic conditions and atmospheric circulation patterns enhance vegetation growth and impact of ecological engineering.
The for Use of Security

This paper introduces a security design method for information exchange in organisations. The method supports security authorities in the design of individual security models. An individual security model is a fully customised specification of access control information for information exchange within a particular business environment. We introduce transaction based business process models (BPMs) and utilise these models to specify need-to-know authorisations. Therefore, we allocate information from BPMs which can be transformed to access control information and derive a specification of an organisation's individual security model. Our method provides transparency of security design because a security model is directly related to the business. Moreover, security effort and costs will be reduced because BPMs must not be specified for security reasons. BPMs are a result of management activities and therefore, existing resources from a security point of view.
1 Media and Information Literacy in a Mediatised Society

Freedom of expression and freedom of information are core human rights that connect the concept of capability with the role of the media in society. In order to be able to live your rights and make choices to achieve your personal goals, you need to be informed, to have a voice, to be listened to and to have the opportunity to engage in society, regardless of age. The media influences the public agenda, what we think about, and what we believe is important. Images and stories in the media about older adults affect the ideas about ageing that circulate within a society, and these affect how older people are perceived. The media also significantly involves interaction and communication with family, friends, the authorities and their services. The intersection of ageing, the media and capability can therefore be found at all levels of society, from the individual to structural levels, and is closely related to ageism. The capabilities approach formulated by Amartya Sen (1985), and further developed by Martha Nussbaum (1997), is concerned with equality and the concepts of justice and injustice, arguing that people are entitled to a certain level of resources. The concept captures what individuals are able to do and to be, but also sets the preconditions for resources such as laws and regulations, social security, the labour market, healthcare and norms surrounding ageing. Capability includes preferences, such as what an individual values when it comes to what to have, who to be and what to do. A person should have free choice to act in order to achieve his or her
Chapter 11 Where and when to Use Induction Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer

Worldwide cancer incidence and mortality are rapidly growing, and this is also true for head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). The 2018 estimates point at more than 750.000 new cases and more than 380.000 deaths [1]. The reasons are complex but reflect both aging and growth of the population, as well as changes in the prevalence and distribution of the main risk factors for cancer, several of which are associated with socioeconomic development [2, 3]. Sustained exposure to tobacco, tobacco-like products, and alcohol increase the risk of developing HNSCC [4]. Although HNSCC can arise within the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, and nasopharynx, there has been a shift in primary site distribution, with a steady increase of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and a decline in cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx, in particular in the Western world [5]. This change has been observed in parallel with a decrease in cigarette smoking and the identification of exposure to high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) as a risk factor for the development of OPSCC [6, 7]. This possible role for HPV in head and neck cancer was first reported in the 1990s, while the proof for a causal association between HPV and OPSCC was delivered in 2000 [8, 9]. A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the overall HPV prevalence in OPSCC is increasing significantly over time: from 40.5% (95% CI,35.1–46.1) before 2000, to 64.3% (95% CI, 56.7–71.3) between 2000 and 2004, and 72.2% (95% CI, 52.9–85.7) between 2005 and 2009 (p < .001) [10]. Prevalence increased significantly initially in North America and subsequently in Europe, and the significant gap between them that existed before 2000 (50.7% vs 35.3%, respectively, p = .008) has now disappeared (69.7% vs 73.1%, respectively, p = .8).
Delayed Reactions: Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis 24

Since early 2006, evidence has accumulated that some gadolinium-based contrast agents, particularly gadodiamide (Omniscan, GE Healthcare, Chalfont St. Giles, UK), may cause a potentially devastating or even fatal scleroderma-like, fi brosing condition called nephrogenic systemic fi brosis (NSF) in patients with renal failure (Thomsen 2006; Thomsen et al. 2007a). Some months later it was shown that gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist, Bayer Schering, Berlin, Germany) may also trigger NSF, but not with the same frequency as gadodiamide (Wertman et al. 2008). This development shocked the radiological community because for many years it was believed that gadolinium-based contrast agents were very safe. However, over the past few years there have been rapid developments in MR techniques and in the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents, which could not have been foreseen when most agents were developed and underwent early testing (phase I to III trials).