Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opportunity, job pressure and deviant workplace behaviour: does neutralisation mediate the relationship? A study of faculty members in public universities in Nigeria

PurposeThe purpose of the present study was twofold: (1) to examine the direct effect of the dimensions of opportunity (i.e. ethical climate and institutional policy) and dimensions of job pressure (i.e. workload and work pressure) on workplace deviance (i.e. organisational and interpersonal deviance) and (2) to assess the mediation of neutralisation in the relationship between the dimensions of opportunity, job pressure and workplace deviance.Design/methodology/approachThe present study drew from the fraud triangle theory (FTT; Cressey, 1950) and the theory of neutralisation (Sykes and Matza, 1957) to achieve the research objectives. Survey data from 356 full-time faculty members in Nigerian public universities were collected. Partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyse the data.FindingsThe results indicated that opportunity and job pressure significantly affected workplace deviance. As expected, neutralisation was found to mediate the negative relationship between ethical climate and interpersonal deviance and the positive relationship between workload, work pressure and interpersonal deviance. Contrary to expectation, neutralisation did not mediate the relationship between opportunity, pressure and organisational deviance.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample was drawn from academics in public universities and the cross-sectional nature of this study means that the findings have limited generalisations.Practical implicationsThis study offers insights into the management of Nigerian public universities on the need to curb workplace deviance amongst faculty members. This study recommends that the management improve the work environment by enhancing the ethical climate and institutional policies and reviewing the existing workload that may constitute pressure to the faculty members.Originality/valueThe present study provides empirical support for the fraud triangle theory and theory of neutralisation to explain workplace deviance.
Introduction to Vertebrate and Climatic Evolution in the Triassic Rift Basins of Tanzania and Zambia

Citation for this article: Sidor, C. A. , and S. J. Nesbitt. 2018. Introduction to vertebrate and climatic evolution in the Triassic rift basins of Tanzania and Zambia; pp. 1–7 in C. A. Sidor and S. J. Nesbitt (eds.), Vertebrate and Climatic Evolution in the Triassic Rift Basins of Tanzania and Zambia. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 17. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 (6, Supplement).
Rethinking Government Supplier Decisions: The Economic Evaluation of Alternatives (EEoA)

ABSTRACT This paper offers an economic model to assist public procurement officials to rank competing vendors when benefits cannot be monetized. An important defense application is ‘source selection’ – choosing the most cost-effective vendor to supply military equipment, facilities, services or supplies. The problem of ranking public investment alternatives when benefits cannot be monetized has spawned an extensive literature that underpins widely applied decision tools. The bulk of the literature, and most government-mandated decision tools, focus on the demand side of a public procurement. The ‘Economic Evaluation of Alternatives’ (EEoA) extends the analysis to the supply side. A unique feature of EEoA is to model vendor decisions in response to government funding projections. Given a parsimonious set of continuously differentiable evaluation criteria, EEoA provides a new tool to rank vendors. In other cases, it offers a valuable consistency check to guide government supplier decisions.
Local, but not long-distance dispersal of penguin ticks between two sub-Antarctic islands

Advances in high throughput genomic approaches are enabling the accurate appraisal of movements of diverse species, previously considered intractable. The impact of long-distance dispersal and distribution changes on species interactions (such as host-parasite interactions) is of particular importance as attempts are made to project how ecosystems will shift under environmental change. The sub-Antarctic region, comprising isolated islands separated by hundreds to thousands of kilometres of open ocean, presents an ideal model system for studying long-distance dispersal, distribution, and ecosystem change. Here we used genomic methods to determine the extent of movement of penguin ticks (Ixodes uriae) among different host species, and among penguin colonies at small (within an island) and large (among islands separated by >6000 km) scales, in the sub-Antarctic region. Our results suggest that I. uriae ticks may be readily shared between distantly related penguin species with similar phenology, but indicate that – as inferred by previous research – ticks are less likely to be shared between flighted and non-flighted sea- birds. We also find evidence for small-scale movements of penguin ticks with their hosts, but no evidence for movements between islands separated by thousands of kilometers of open ocean. These inferred limitations to penguin tick movement could be the result of restricted host movements or the inability of penguin ticks to survive extended trips at sea. Our findings help elucidate parasite-host dynamics, with implications for host health and persistence in a region experiencing rapid environmental change.
Histone Deacetylase 3 And The Epigenomic Regulation Of Brown Adipose Physiology

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic organ, which helps to protect body temperature against cold and can counteract metabolic disease. Numerous pathways modulate the activity of BAT in a highly regulated and coordinated manner to exert tight control over its immense calorie burning capacity. However, less is known regarding the transcriptional and epigenomic mechanisms controlling the thermogenic gene program of brown adipocytes. Here, we show that histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is required for the activation of BAT enhancers to ensure thermogenic aptitude, thus enabling survival of dangerously cold environmental temperature. Loss of HDAC3 leads to deficient expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and oxidative phosphorylation genes, resulting in an inability to survive severely cold temperatures. Mechanistic studies demonstrate BAT HDAC3 functions as a coactivator of the nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), through deacetylation of PGC-1α to promote enhancer activation and gene transcription. Remarkably, this coactivator function of HDAC3 is required for the basal expression of the thermogenic gene program and occurs independently of adrenergic signaling. Thus, HDAC3 primes Ucp1 and the thermogenic transcriptional program to maintain a critical capacity for BAT to enable survival of dangerously cold temperature. We further demonstrate that short environmental exposure to a moderate cold temperature circumvents the genetic requirement of HDAC3 for Ucp1 transcriptional activation. Environmental exposure facilitates a persistent epigenomic rescue mechanism permitting the prolonged expression of thermogenic genes and an acquired BAT aptitude to avert hypothermia. Notably, we discovered that moderate cold activates BAT ERRα enhancers in an HDAC3-independent manner. Together, these studies identify for the first time, that BAT HDAC3 coactivation of ERR enhancers promotes a basal thermogenic transcriptional program ensuring cold survival, while HDAC3-independent mechanisms, signaling from a moderate cold environment to genes, imparts epigenomic changes to influence the BAT thermogenic capacity against probable and impending dangerously cold temperatures. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Cell & Molecular Biology First Advisor Mitchell A. Lazar
STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL AND OPTOELECTRONIC STUDY OF DOUBLE PEROVSKITE Cs2SnBr6 USING FIRST PRINCIPLES CALCULATION

The structural, mechanical, electronic and optical properties of double perovskite Cs2SnBr6 have been measured by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The calculated value of lattice parameter is perfectly tailored with the experimental data. The material shows brittle behavior by Paugh’s ductility index (B/G) at ambient condition. The anisotropic nature of this compound is endorsed by the calculation of Zener anisotropy factor. The direct band gap semiconducting nature with the value of gap is 1.33 eV using PBE potential is also corroborated by electronics properties. Eventually, different optical properties of Cs2SnBr6 such as dielectric constants, refractive index, conductivity, absorption, reflectivity and loss function have been observed and disclose for radiation up to 20 eV. Finally the optical properties corroborate the optoelectronic applications of this compound as all as elite candidate for photovoltaic perovskite solar cells.
Assessment of sensitivity improvement for Time-Of-Flight schemes in experiments with high intensity lasers.

In the last decades the development of laser-driven acceleration and inertial fusion fields of research required the commissioning of laser systems with increasing power and repetion rate. This was accompained by a sensible growth of the produced electromagnetic pulses (EMP) inside the experimental chamber and on its surrounding, hindering the employment of any electronic device. Hence, a lot of effort has been put to develop optimized diagnostic systems able to cope with this problem. In this work we present the strong detrimental effects that EMP can have on the sensitivity of TOF measurements leading even to the complete loss of any useful detected information. We compare the signals obtained operating with a non-optimized system with one developed to cope with the EMP presence, showing its effectiveness in enhancing the quality of the acquired signals. Once that signals are deprived of the EMP contribution, it is possible to further improve the TOF accuracy by using the data from the detector calibration. We show here the particle spectrum obtained in this way in high power laser-matter experiments with solid targets, and we compare it with the case where the detector calibration was not taken into account.
Diversity and ecology of the bryophytes in the cave environment: a study on the volcanic and karstic caves of Sicily

Abstract The results of a long investigation (20 years) on bryophyte diversity of 28 Sicilian caves are reported; the study regarded both karstic and volcanic caves, located at altitudes ranging from 15 to 2030 m a.s. l. The bryophyte diversity consists of a total of 136 taxa, 20 liverworts, 3 hornworts and 113 mosses. The ecological analysis was performed using the Ellenberg indicator values for moisture, light and soil reaction to the substrate. On the whole, mesophytic and meso-hygrophytic, sciophytic and photo-sciophytic species strongly prevail independently from the geological nature of the caves; the values of the soil reaction to the substrate well reflect the characteristics of the substrate. The phytogeographical analysis shows the prevalence of the Mediterranean species, followed by the temperate and southern-temperate species. It is remarkable the occurrence of boreo-arctic-montane species, which find refuge for their survival in some high-altitude caves. Some typical species well adapted to the cave environment are reported, including Amphidium mougeotii, Isopterygiopsis pulchella, Thamnobryum alopecurum and Rhynchostegiella tenella, showing a troglophilous character. The occurrence of species of phytogeographical significance, as well as of conservation interest, e.g. Ptychostomum cernuum, Tortula bolanderi, Rhabdoweisia fugax, Grimmia torquata, Brachytheciastrum collinum, very rare in Italy, is emphasized too.
SSA-based hybrid forecasting models and applications

This study attempted to combine SSA (Singular Spectrum Analysis) with other methods to improve the performance of forecasting model for time series with a complex pattern. This work discussed two modifications of TLSAR (Two-Level Seasonal Autoregressive) modeling by considering the SSA decomposition results, namely TLSNN (Two-Level Seasonal Neural Network) and TLCSNN (Two-Level Complex Seasonal Neural Network). TLSAR consisted of a linear trend, harmonic, and autoregressive component. In contrast, the two proposed hybrid approaches consisted of flexible trend function, harmonic, and neural networks. Trend and harmonic function were considered as the deterministic part identified based on SSA decomposition. Meanwhile, NN was intended to handle the nonlinearity relationship in the stochastic part. These two SSA-based hybrid models were contemplated to be more flexible than TLSAR and more applicable to the series with an intricate pattern. The experimental studies to the monthly accidental deaths in USA and daily electricity load Jawa-Bali showed that the proposed SSA-based hybrid model reduced RMSE for the testing data from that obtained by TLSAR model up to 95%.
The influence of towing time, catch size and catch treatment on species diversity estimates from groundfish surveys

In einem 10 × 10 Seemeilen grosen Gebiet in der nordlichen Nordsee wurde eine Vergleichsfischerei durchgefuhrt, um den Einflus von Hols unterschiedlicher Dauer (30 und 60 Minuten Schleppzeit) zu bestimmen. Dichte Heringsschwarme in diesem Gebiet fuhrten zu sehr unterschiedlichen Fangmengen, die wiederum verschiedene Fangaufbereitungsmethoden notwendig machten. Eine Steigerung der Schleppzeit von 30 auf 60 Minuten fuhrte zu einem durchschnittlichen Anstieg in der Gesamtartenzahl um drei Arten (20%). Im Gegensatz dazu verringerte sich die Gesamtartenzahl durch einen Wechsel der Fangaufbereitungsmethode von einer Aufbereitung des Gesamtfangs zu einer Unterprobennahme in der gleichen Grosenordnung. Anderungen in der Artendiversitat zeigten dieselben Trends. Bei einem Anstieg des Gesamtfangs nahm die Artendiversitat in einem konstanten Unterprobenvolumen ab. Um Trends in der Anderung der Artendiversitat in Datensatzen wie dem International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) in der Nordsee festzustellen, sollten nur vollstandig durchsortierte Hols und moglichst nur Hols gleicher Schleppdauer berucksichtigt werden.
The Ethics of Volunteerism in Translation: Translators without Borders and the Platform Economy

Volunteerism is widespread in the translation sector, but the practices associated with it and its ethical import have so far received very little critical attention. This article critiques one of the most high profile beneficiaries of volunteer translation, Translators without Borders, which presents itself as a charity but operates as a corporate concern, with a leadership composed primarily of major industry players. TWB adopts an asset-centred, platform-based, top-down model that offers massive scaling possibilities and reflects a corporate vision of the translation community. It provides a clear example of the wider shift from artisanal to industrial to platform economy as it plays out in the translation field. To demonstrate the potential for volunteer translation to be situated within a more solidary and equitable context and provide an example of one possible alternative to the platform-based paradigm, we discuss the practices of another humanitarian NGO, Solidarites International, which runs a paid internship programme and adopts a small-scale, peer-based, horizontal model with a strong focus on early-career translators. We ask who ultimately benefits from the exploitation of free labour and focus on identifying practices that enhance or jeopardize the professionalization and stature of the translators involved. We further discuss how the linguistic assets produced by volunteer translators can generate saleable intellectual property and how this can lead to conflicts of interest and support patterns of inequality in the wider social context.
Detection of Extended - Spectrum Beta - Lactamases in Escherichia coli Isolates and it’s Correlation with Vesicoureteral Reflux Nephropathy

Background: Vesicourethral reﬂux is the reverse ﬂow of urine from the bladder to the ureter and then to kidneys. 30% to 40% of children are infected with urinary tract infections disease, and recenthly, one of the most common urinary tract infections has become Extended - Spectrum Beta - Lactamases (ESBL) Escherichia coli isolates. Objectives: Theaimof thiswastoinvestigatethecorrelationbetweenextendedExtendedSpectrumBetaLactamase Escherichiacoli isolates and reﬂux nephropathy disease in children. Methods: This was a case - cotrol study conducted on 200 children with or without reﬂux nephropathy referred to the pediatric clinic. The researchers selected two groups of children; 100 children with reﬂux nephropathy and 100 healthy children. Urinary tract infection was tested by urine culture and antibiogram. Correlation of reﬂux nephropathy and ESBL Escherichia coli infection were analyzed by the SPSS program. Results: Infected children with Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase E. coli infection compared with healthy children, were more inﬂuenced by reﬂux nephropathy. Overall, 53% of case and 9% of control group had infection of ESBL Escherichia coli . Conclusions: Reﬂux nephropathy can be controlled by prevention of these types of infections.
CONTENT ANALYSIS ON SCHOOL MANAGEMENT AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

This study sought to analyze 255 articles published in various journals and indexed in Scopus database within the year 2010 to May 2020, limited to only social science discipline, with keywords; school, management and academic performance and 80 articles were reached. The scrutiny was based on the year of publication, the journals in which they were published, number of authors, countries or regions in which the research was conducted, the sample group, data collection method, number of keywords and the research type. The content analysis method was used in this research and it was noticed that; most articles were published in the year 2019, America being the country with the highest publications, higher education was the sample group commonly used, and Quantitative method of research was frequently used compared to the other research methods. Bearing in mind that 2020 has not yet come to an end, it was necessary to be included in the analysis and considered as a year for the sake of current information. Key words:​school, management, and academic performance
Virus Interactions in the Aquatic World

During the past 30 years, a vast number of articles have been published on the importance – in terms of abundance, diversity and functional roles – of viruses inhabiting the aquatic world (either marine or freshwater), which include several excellent reviews. Our knowledge, e.g. of the interactions of viruses with the living (organisms) and nonliving compartments (i.e. dissolved organic matter/ particles/nutrients/physical factors) in aquatic environments, has considerably increased. Furthermore, recent new ideas, concepts and technologies have shed light on host–virus interactions and the diversity of viral species and functions as discussed in this book. This chapter highlights some of these current advances in the field of aquatic viral ecology. Recently developed models and concepts will also be discussed, further emphasizing the role of defence mechanisms against viruses which appear to be important drivers in strain diversification of host species. Additionally, new environments such as anoxic and benthic sediments have received more attention and novel information has been gathered, e.g. on archaeal and RNA viruses. Interactions within entire food webs, such as with heterotrophic dinoflagellates, oysters and even cascading effects up to cyanobacteria-consuming flamingo populations represent another aspect of looking at viruses and their role in the global biosphere. The chapter also discusses knowledge gaps and proposes future research avenues. Introduction Viruses of microorganisms (VoMs) as found in aquatic environments consist of those infecting archaea, bacteria, or eukaryotes, the latter especially infecting algae and protists (see Chapters 7, 8, 10 and 11, respectively). This chapter focuses on findings and concepts dealing with aquatic viral ecology, virus interactions with hosts, and virus diversity. It builds on research that has been summarized in older reviews as mentioned in ‘General aspects of aquatic viral ecology’. Although this review mainly deals with viruses of microorganisms, other viruses are also within the realm of viruses of aquatic environments. Rather than being comprehensive, this chapter focuses on key concepts along with some not fully considered research avenues. In the first part we discuss the general aspects of aquatic viral ecology, focusing particularly on the role of viruses in aquatic ecology. Then we provide an updated outlook on aquatic viruses based on insights gleaned from recent findings. A glossary provides additional information on terms used in this chapter (Table 6.1). [79]
Single Stage Vehicle Logo Detector Based on Multi-Scale Prediction

Vehicle logo detection technology is one of the research directions in the application of intelligent transportation systems. It is an important extension of detection technology based on license plates and motorcycle types. A vehicle logo is characterized by uniqueness, conspicuousness, and diversity. Therefore, thorough research is important in theory and application. Although there are some related works for object detection, most of them cannot achieve real-time detection for different scenes. Meanwhile, some real-time detection methods of single-stage have performed poorly in the object detection of small sizes. In order to solve the problem that the training samples are scarce, our work in this paper is improved by constructing the data of a vehicle logo (VLD-45-S), multistage pre-training, multi-scale prediction, feature fusion between deeper with shallow layer, dimension clustering of the bounding box, and multiscale detection training. On the basis of keeping speed, this article improves the detection precision of the vehicle logo. The generalization of the detection model and anti-interference capability in real scenes are optimized by data enrichment. Experimental results show that the accuracy and speed of the detection algorithm are improved for the object of small sizes. key words: vehicle logo detection, VLD-45-S, single-stage detector, multiscale prediction, feature fusion
A description of defensive hiss types in the flat horned hissing cockroach (Aeluropoda insignis)

Abstract Acoustic communication can inform studies of behaviour and phylogeny in insect species. Despite there being 4600 described species of cockroach, few studies have focused on their ability to communicate acoustically. Cockroaches have been found to produce sound in a variety of ways. Species within the tribe Gromphadorhini produce sound through modified spiracles, often referred to as hisses. Sound parameters have been described for the species Gromphadorhina portentosa and Elliptorhina chopardi. Aeluropoda insignis, within the same tribe, produces sound and is morphologically similar to these two species, but no research has been published describing its acoustic signals. Our study explores the defensive acoustic signals of this species and indicates that A. insignis is capable of producing three classes of acoustic signals (whistles, whistle–hisses and hisses) associated with defensive behaviour. Sexes differed in the entropy and the frequency of their signals, with males producing signals with lower entropy and at higher frequency than females. Future studies on acoustic communication within Blattodea could give more insight into the complexity of signals and their relationship to behavioural context.