Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Ten-Year Investigation on Ozone and It Precursors at Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia

10 years of continuous monitoring data (2000-2010) from Air Quality Division, Malaysian Department of Environment are used to investigate the relationships between ambient levels of ozone (O3), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as a function of NOx, in Kemaman, Malaysia, wherewith the dominant sources of ozone precursors are industrial activities and road traffic. In addition, variation of oxidant OX (O3 and NO2) concentration with NOx was also examined. The analyses established a weak linear relationship between O3 and NOx, signifying that Kemaman area is not NOx sensitive but possibly VOC-sensitive area. The level of [OX] is influenced by NOx-independent and NOx-dependent contributions. The former is due to regional background O3 concentration while the latter correlates to the local level of primary pollution. The measured concentrations of the pollutants varied as a function of time. The analyses also show that the diurnal cycle of ground level ozone concentration has a mid-day peak while lower concentration occurs at night time.
Molecular Cloning, Genomic Organization, and Mapping of β4GalT-VIb, a brain Abundant Member of β4-galactosyltransferase Gene Family, to Human Chromosome 18q12.1

In the present study, a brain abundant member of g 4-galactosyltransferase gene family with an open reading frame encoding 343 amino acids was cloned and identified from a human leukemia cell cDNA library. The putative protein sequence is about 94.8 and 94.2% identical to the 382-amino-acid mouse and rat g 4-galactosyltransferase respectively and also contains cysteine residues previously shown to be important for the function of the gene family members. This cDNA (tentatively termed g 4GalT-VIb) is identical to a recently reported cDNA (tentatively termed g 4GalT-VIa) of human g 4-galactosyltransferase except lacking one exon, suggesting that these two cDNAs are two different alternative transcripts of the same gene. Northern hybridization showed that the new alternative transcript, g 4GalT-VIb, is expressed in all 16 human tissues tested with highest level in brain and rich level in testis, thymus and pancreas, whereas weak expression was detected in lung. The g 4GalT-VIb gene was located to human chromosome 18q12.1 between markers WI-9180 and SGC35630 by radiation hybrid mapping. The genomic organization and adjacent gene content of g 4GalT-VIb were identified by comparing its cDNA sequence with three genomic sequences AC017100, AP002474 and AP001336, which showed that g 4GalT-VIb spans an ~58 u kb region and is composed of 8 exons. In addition, the most conserved motif composed of 41 residues, LXYX 3 FGGVSXL(T/S)X 2 QFX 2 INGFPNX(Y/F)WGWGGEDDDX 2 NR, was defined according to 17 sequences of g 4GalTs from seven different organisms for the first time.
L2 Writing Instruction Approaches and Their Impact on Composition Studies in Morocco

The present paper aims to discuss the historical t rajectory of the developments in writing instruction research. It also seeks to show that composition studies in Morocco evolved in response to changing currents in writing researc h at the international level. Broadly speaking, the history of composition research has witnessed r ivalry between two competing orientations viewing the writing activity as either a product or process. The product-based approach emphasized the formal and grammatical aspects of th e written text. From within this orientation has emerged two views with different foci. While th controlled composition approach stressed the necessity of engaging learners in writing activ ities confined to the sentence level, the currenttraditional rhetoric called for attention to discou rse-level issues in the writing process. The limitations of the product-based approaches have le d to the recognition that writing is best viewed as a process. Other researchers’ interests h ave been geared towards genre-based approaches addressing questions of how particular g enres come into being. The evolution of writing research in Morocco has been strongly influ enced by these developments. This is clearly reflected in studies conducted within the Moroccan o text with characteristics situating them within one approach or the other.
AN EFFICIENT DEEP LEARNING FRAMEWORK FOR PEDESTRIAN DETECTION

Vision-based pedestrian detection has achieved a large successful with the fast development of deep convolutional neural network (CNN). However, due to difficult environments such as large-scale variation, heavy occlusion and small scale of pedestrian, recent deep CNN-based approaches for pedestrian detection still do not achieve very good accuracy over public benchmark dataset. In this paper, an efficient framework based on deep CNN for pedestrian detection is proposed, especially for small-scale pedestrians. The proposed method first uses the reduced ResNet-34 architecture for generating convolution feature maps. Then, deconvolutional modules is used after the base convolution layers to bring additional context information which is more effective to detect small-scale pedestrians. In the region of interest pooling process, different feature maps at different scales are used to produce high quality region proposals. Furthermore, a modified loss function based on cross entropy loss is used to increase the loss contribution from hard-to-detect small-sized pedestrians. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach with good detection performance over the Caltech pedestrian dataset.
A Historical Overview of the Ozone Exposure Problem

Ozone can be found in essentially all locations in the troposphere. Too much exposure of vegetation and humans to this potent oxidizing gas can prove toxic. Reports of human toxicity to ozone first appeared in the 1800's from accidental occupational exposures when ozone was first discovered. Ozone was recognized as damaging field vegetation with a report of altered leaf morphology in grapes in the 1950s. Ozone is the major oxidant component in photochemical smog, and is produced by reactions of volatile organic compounds and oxides of nitrogen with sunlight present. Soon after the inception of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), the Agency set a general “oxidants” standard (which included ozone) in 1971. A primary standard was created to protect human health and a secondary standard to protect against agricultural losses, ecological damage, and other losses. Ozone concentrations have decreased steadily over the last two decades in some areas of the U.S., but have increased in other areas. Several aspects of ozone exposure need further characterization, including better determination of rural concentrations and the relationship of outdoor to indoor concentrations. Ozone is one of the six criteria air pollutants requiring a formal reexamination of the new findings of effects on health and vegetation on a periodic basis, a process that leads to the publication of an US EPA criteria document. As a result of further study concerning ozone effects, significant changes were made to pollution standards in 1979 and 1997. This toxicant has remained a major air pollutant of concern in the U.S. despite regulation and intense study over several decades.
SIGMOD: G: CAvSAT: A System for Query Answering over Inconsistent Databases

1 PROBLEM AND MOTIVATION Managing inconsistencies in databases is an old, but recurring, problem. An inconsistent database is a database that violates one or more integrity constraints, such as key constraints or functional dependencies. In the real-world, inconsistent databases arise due to various reasons and in several different contexts, including data warehousing and information integration, where dealing with inconsistency is regarded as a key challenge [10]. Inconsistencies are more of a norm than an exception, and they play a major role in a more general and broadly used term poor quality data, which, according to a report from IBM, cost $3.1 trillion to the US economy in 2016 [2]. Data cleaning is the main approach towards managing inconsistent databases (see the survey [26]). Some data cleaning approaches derive a consistent database by resolving all conflicts that exist in a given inconsistent database. This process often relies on clustering techniques, heuristics, and/or on particular domain knowledge. While data cleaning makes it possible to derive a single consistent database, this approach often involves making arbitrary choices for removing inconsistencies, and thus it is often ad hoc; for example, if a book has two different ISBN numbers stored in a database, there may not be an apriori reason to decide which one of the two should be removed. An alternative, and arguably more principled, approach is the framework of database repairs and consistent query answering (CQA), introduced in [5]. Here, the inconsistencies are handled at query time by considering all possible repairs of the inconsistent database, where a repair of an inconsistent database I is a consistent database r that differs from I in a “minimal” way. The main algorithmic problem in this framework is to compute the consistent answers Cons(q, I ) of a query q on a given database I , that is, the tuples that lie in the intersection of the results of q applied on each repair of
Viral abundance and its related factors in a stratified lake

We investigated the vertical distribution and dynamics of viral abundance in the euphotic epilimnion and aphotic hypolimnion during periods of stratification in Lake Biwa, Japan. The abundance of virus-like particles (VLPs) was lower and more constant in the hypolimnion than in the epilimnion. Simple correlation analysis demonstrated that during periods of stratification, VLP abundance in the hypolimnion was positively correlated with chlorophyll-a concentration, the bacterial abundance of the >0.8-mu m fraction, and water temperature. On the other hand, VLP abundance in the epilimnion was also positively correlated with chlorophyll-a concentration and the bacterial abundance of the >0.8-mu m fraction, but was negatively correlated with the bacterial abundance of the 0.2-0.8-mu m fraction and was not correlated with water temperature. We observed no correlation between VLP abundance and total bacterial abundance in either the epilimnion or the hypolimnion. Multiple regression analysis indicated that VLP abundance was explained by chlorophyll-a concentration in both the epilimnion and the hypolimnion. Aphotic environment and abundance of phytoplankton and bacteria in the hypolimnion, suggesting that main host of viruses is bacteria rather than phytoplankton. However our results suggest that VLP abundance in the hypolimnion related to the other factors as well as bacterial abundance.
Effect of Salvadora persica on reproductive behavior in rats exposed to cigarette smoke

Context: The components of cigarette smoke are known to adversely affect the reproductive behavior in men and women. Salvadora persica commonly used in oral hygiene, was found to exhibit lipid lowering, hypoglycemic, anti-ulcer, anti-depressant activities. Aims: To evaluate the effect of Salvadora persica on reproductive behavior in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: The lyophilized decoction of S. persica was administered daily for four weeks by oral route at three doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) to eight-weeks’ cigarette smoke-exposed rats. Reproductive behavior in male rats was recorded by the number of approaches, mounts and intromission while in the female it was done by the number of approaches and escape frequency to male approach. Relative weights of testis and ovaries were determined. Ginseng at 100 mg/kg was used as a standard aphrodisiac. The results were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. p<0.05 was considered to indicate the significance of results. Results: The results indicated that tobacco smoke exposure adversely affected the reproductive behavior in both male and female rats, besides increasing the relative weights of testis/ovaries. Among the tested doses, only the highest dose of S. persica (200 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.05) increase in number of approach, frequency of mounts and latency of intromission but also significantly (p<0.05) enhanced the relative weight of testis and reduced the relative weight of ovaries in cigarette smoked animals. The marginal improvement in the reproductive behavior could be related to the phytoconstituents of the decoction. Ginseng, on the other hand, produced significant aphrodisiac activity and reversed the changes in the relative weights of the reproductive organs induced by cigarette smoke. Conclusions: The observation suggests that decoction of S. persica improved some of the parameters of male reproductive behavior but the role of the drug on the reproductive organs needs further investigation.
Characterization of Integrin–Tetraspanin Adhesion Complexes

Tetraspanins (or proteins from the transmembrane 4 superfamily, TM4SF) form membrane complexes with integrin receptors and are implicated in integrin-mediated cell migration. Here we characterized cellular localization, structural composition, and signaling properties of α3β1–TM4SF adhesion complexes. Double-immunofluorescence staining showed that various TM4SF proteins, including CD9, CD63, CD81, CD82, and CD151 are colocalized within dot-like structures that are particularly abundant at the cell periphery. Differential extraction in conjunction with chemical cross-linking indicated that the cell surface fraction of α3β1–TM4SF protein complexes may not be directly linked to the cytoskeleton. However, in cells treated with cytochalasin B α3β1–TM4SF protein complexes are relocated into intracellular vesicles suggesting that actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in the distribution of tetraspanins into adhesion structures. Talin and MARCKS are partially codistributed with TM4SF proteins, whereas vinculin is not detected within the tetraspanin-containing adhesion structures. Attachment of serum-starved cells to the immobilized anti-TM4SF mAbs induced dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). On the other hand, clustering of tetraspanins in cells attached to collagen enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK. Furthermore, ectopic expression of CD9 in fibrosarcoma cells affected adhesion-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK, that correlated with the reorganization of the cortical actin cytoskeleton. These results show that tetraspanins can modulate integrin signaling, and point to a mechanism by which TM4SF proteins regulate cell motility.
Effects of phosphatidylcholine or ergosteryl oleate on physiological properties of Saccharomyces sake

Chromatographically homogeneous phosphatidylcholine identified by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel G was isolated from mycelia of Aspergillus oryzae or egg yolk by a combination of alumina and silicic acid column chromatography. Although the 2-position in both Asp. oryzae- and egg yolk-phosphatidylcholine was occupied nearly exclusively by unsaturated fatty acids, significant proportions of unsaturated fatty acids were also found in the 1 -position of Asp. oryzae-phosphatidylcholine. In nitrogen gas-sparging anaerobic culture of Saccharomvces sake Kyokai No. 7, supplementing the basal synthetic medium with phosphatidylcholine enhanced the yeast growth and fermentative activity, whereas adding ergosteryl oleate enhanced alcohol-endurability. Supplementation with both phosphatidylcholine and ergosteryl oleate promoted the yeast growth, fermentative activity and alcohol-endurability of cells.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GEOMETRIC SIMILARITY PRESERVING EMBEDDING-BASED HASHING FOR BIG DATA IN CLOUD COMPUTING.

Approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) search has been favourable for large-scale information retrieval in the recent past, and many hashing techniques for ANN have been proposed for retrieval of data in a large database, given a query. Hashing based indexing techniques are being mostly favoured for similarity search from huge database because of its efficiency in retrieval accuracy and low memory requirements. The long code length of randomised hashing based indexing techniques gives good precision but required more computational cost and high memory cost. DSH uses K-means algorithm to partition n data points into k groups for quantisation of data. This paper addresses the problem of long hash codes, computational cost, long convergent time and high memory requirements to achieve efficient similarity searching. Experiment was setup and Geo-SPEBH was evaluated on SIFT 1B based on MAP, precision-recall metrics and Geo-SPEBH outperformed the state-of-the-art techniques.
Solution Separation-Based FD to Mitigate the Effects of Local Threats on PPP Integrity

In order to obtain protection levels for PPP in multipath prone environments, we formulate a coarse threat model for urban and suburban environments. Based on this threat model, we determine analytically the limitations a of solution separation approach. In particular, we derive for which range of fault rates and fault lag this approach is likely to be feasible. We then describe a solution separation fault detection algorithm adapted to this threat model. Using data collected in urban and suburban environments, we evaluate the benefits of using up to 3 GNSS constellations and dual frequency in PPP combined with an FD algorithm based on solution separation, and in particular its ability to protect against measurement outliers.
Increased gene sampling yields robust support for higherlevel clades within Bombycoidea (Lepidoptera)

This study has as its primary aim the robust resolution of higher-level relationships within the lepidopteran superfamily Bombycoidea. Our study builds on an earlier analysis of five genes (∼6.6 kbp) sequenced for 50 taxa from Bombycoidea and its sister group Lasiocampidae, plus representatives of other macrolepidoteran superfamilies. The earlier study failed to yield strong support for the monophyly of and basal splits within Bombycoidea, among others. Therefore, in an effort to increase support specifically for higher-level nodes, we generated 11.7 kbp of additional data from 20 genes for 24 of 50 bombycoid and lasiocampid taxa. The data from the genes are all derived from protein-coding nuclear genes previously used to resolve other lepidopteran relationships. With these additional data, all but a few higher-level nodes are strongly supported. Given our decision to minimize project costs by augmenting genes for only 24 of the 50 taxa, we explored whether the resulting pattern of missing data in the combined-gene matrix introduced a nonphylogenetic bias, a possibility reported by others. This was achieved by comparing node support values (i.e. nonparametric bootstrap values) based on likelihood and parsimony analyses of three datasets that differ in their number of taxa and level of missing data: 50 taxa/5 genes (dataset A), 50 taxa/25 genes (dataset B) and 24 taxa/25 genes (dataset C). Whereas datasets B and C provided similar results for common nodes, both frequently yielded higher node support relative to dataset A, arguing that: (i) more data yield increased node support and (ii) partial gene augmentation does not introduce an obvious nonphylogenetic bias. A comparison of single-gene bootstrap analyses identified four nodes for which one or two of the 25 genes provided modest to strong support for a grouping not recovered by the combined-gene result. As a summary proposal, two of these four groupings (one each within Bombycoidea and Lasiocampidae) were deemed sufficiently problematic to regard them as unresolved trichotomies. Since the alternative groupings were always highly localized on the tree, we did not judge a combined-gene analysis to present a problem outside those regions. Based on our robustly resolved results, we have revised the classification of Bombycoidea: the family Bombycidae is restricted to its nominate subfamily, and its tribe Epiini is elevated to subfamily rank (Epiinae stat.rev.), whereas the bombycid subfamily Phiditiinae is reinstated as a separate family (Phiditiidae stat.rev.). The bombycid subfamilies Oberthueriinae Correspondence: Andreas Zwick, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Entomology, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. E-mail: andreas.zwick@smns-bw.de Unpublished for the purposes of zoological nomenclature (Art. 8.2, ICZN) Systematic Entomology © 2010 The Royal Entomological Society No claim to original US government works 1
OPTIMIZATION ECONOMIC POWER GENERATION USING MODIFIED IMPROVED PSO ALGORITHM METHODS

Fuel consumption on operation of power generation is one of the things that need to get special attention because most of the operating costs incurred is fuel costs. The output of the power generation always strived to meet the needs of the loads. Economical optimization is an attempt to minimize the cost of power generation fuel. This research proposes the application of the Algorithm Methods of Modified Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (MIPSO) that are compared with the Lagrange method and the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) in the case of the IEEE 30-bus system as a validation, in which the results of the simulation of MIPSO method can minimize the cost to 575.28 $/hour compared to the Lagrange method at 575.32 $/hour and IPSO method at 575.29 $ /hour. Then MIPSO Algorithm Method applied to the SULSELBAR 150 kV interconnection system are compared with the cost of a real system, the results of the simulation showed that the MIPSO method algorithm can reduce the cost of power plant to Rp. 51,706,000.per hour or decrease operating costs of around 13.73% per hour.
Quantification of Microbial Communities in Forearc Sediment Basins off Sumatra

Sediments in the Indian Ocean off the coast of the Indonesian island Sumatra were sampled at 25 stations in high resolution near the sediment surface and at three stations up to a maximum depth of 12 meter below seafloor (mbsf) for a quantitative microbial community analysis. Total cell counts were determined applying two different protocols including SYBR Green II as fluorescent staining dye. Total cell counts without detaching cells from sediment particles were 10 9 cells/ mL sediments at the sediment surface with little variation between all stations. They decreased to 10 8 cells/ mL at 0.2 to 0.4 mbsf and to 10 7 cells/ mL below 6 mbsf. The total cell counts after detaching cells from sediment particles were up to one order of magnitude lower above 6 mbsf and showed similar values below. This difference for the two protocols can be explained by a loss of cells during the detachment procedure and/or counting of unspecific signals without detaching cells from sediment particles. Particular phylogenetic and physiological prokaryotic groups were quantified by quantitative, real-time PCR (Q-PCR) targeting 16S rRNA and functional genes. Archaea and Bacteria were found overall in similar 16S rRNA gene copy numbers in the range of the total cell counts at all sediment depths, thus, neither Archaea nor Bacteria could be considered as dominant. The eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene occurred in two orders of magnitude lower numbers than prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes. Fe(III)- and Mn(IV)-reducing bacteria (16S rRNA gene of Geobacteraceae) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (functional gene dsrA) were detected in variable (up to 10 8 gene copies/ mL sediment) but in always significantly lower numbers than total Bacteria. The proportion of sulfate reducers on the prokaryotic community was between 0.2 and 19%. Calculated aereal sulfate reduction rates were overall low with values between 0.002 and 0.027 mmol m − 2 a − 1 , resulting in sulfate reduction rates per cell of 0.0007 and 0.81 fmol cell − 1 a − 1 , similar to published data for other deeply buried marine sediments. Methanogenesis did not seem to play a big role since methane was detected only below 6.5 mbsf, and the functional gene of methanogens and anaerobic methanotrophs mcrA could not be detected in any sample.