Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social interactions of student sojourners : A Study of Adaptation And Acculturation of Flobamora Students At A Multi-Ethnic Private University of Malang City

This study aimed to: (1) describe and explain both the associative and dissociative types of social interaction engaged by Flobamora student s ojourners, and (2) describe and explain the socio-cultural adaptation and acculturation experienced by Flobamora student sojourners. A qualitative research approach was applied to develop the grounded theoretical model on social interaction, socio-cultural adaption, and acculturation engaged and experienced by Flobamora student sojourners. It is concluded that the pattern of social interactions of Flobamora student sojourners are still associated, conjunctive and functional, while their socio-cultural adaptation gradually succeed in three steps, and their acculturation is characterized by establishing the essential components of their home culture, and Enriching the instrumental components of their home culture.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Urban Land Cover Growth Dynamics in Akure South Metropolis , Ondo State Nigeria

This study focuses on the spatio-temporal analysis of urban land cover growth dynamics in Akure south Metropolis using medium resolution multi-temporal images (Landsat MSS1986, TM2000 and ETM2015). Spatio-temporal analysis of urban land cover growth changes in a GIS environment involves processes which use spatial data collected over a period of time to envisage the extent of urban growth in an area. Remote sensing and GIS provides an easy environment that could complement the available tools for urban planning and environmental management in Akure Metropolis. Handheld GPS Map 76x was used in obtaining the data used for ground truthing. The images were processed (supervised classification) using ArcGIS 10.2. 1 and land cover maps for each study year were produced. The result of the analysis in table 7 shows that urban area steadily increased from 4.8% in 1986 to 9.5% in 2000 and 17.3% in 2015 while vegetation (including forests and scrubs) decreased in an uncontrolled manner from 79.4% in 1986 to 60.5% in 2000 and 51.7%. The study recommended that spatiotemporal analysis of urban land cover growth dynamics should be carried out to progressively study the rate and pattern of growth.
PR ] 2 1 Ju n 20 06 Thresholds for virus spread on networks

We study how the spread of computer viruses, worms, and other self-replicating malware is affected by the logical topology of the network over which they propagate. We consider a model in which each host can be in one of 3 possible states susceptible, infected or removed (cured, and no longer susceptible to infection). We characterise how the size of the population that eventually becomes infected depends on the network topology. Specifically, we show that if the ratio of cure to infection rates is larger than the spectral radius of the graph, and the initial infected population is small, then the final infected population is also small in a sense that can be made precise. Conversely, if this ratio is smaller than the spectral radius, then we show in some graph models of practical interest (including power law random graphs) that the final infected population is large. These results yield insights into what the critical parameters are in determining virus spread in networks.
Anaerobic Digestion Of Selected Animal Wastes For Biogas Production In A Fed-Batch Reactor At Mesophilic Temperature

Animal manure constitutes a nuisance to the environment. This work aimed at tackling environmental problem as well dealing with energy demand crisis. This work evaluated and compared the energy produced from anaerobic digestion of Cow Slurry (CS), Pig Slurry (PS) and Chicken Waste (CW) by batch experiment at mesophilic temperature (37 ◦ C). The study was carried out in a laboratory scale batch digester. The digestion bottles were fed with 44.20, 105.70 and 11.21 g, respectively, which were calculated. The digestion took place for a period of about 40 days after which the gas production was noticed to be below 1% of the total gas produced till that time. The biogas yields from organic dry matter (oDM) of CS, PS and CW were found to be 441.33 l. kg -1 oDM, 277.35 l.kg -1 oDM and 493.08 l. kg -1 oDM respectively after 40 days digestion time. Methane yields (oDM) of CS, PS and CW were also found to be 296.50 l.CH4 kg -1 oDM, 216.90 l.CH4kg -1 oDM and 328.19 l.CH4kg -1 oDM respectively. The fresh mass (FM) biogas and methane yields of CS, PS and CW were found to be 40.75, 10.70 and 156.41 l. kg -1 FM ; and 28.50, 8.35 and 100.69 l. CH4kg -1 FM respectively. The equivalent energy of CS, PS and CW were found to be 11.55, 7.26 and 12.92 MJ respectively. Also, CS, PS and CW were found to have methane concentrations of 66.71, 79.71 and 66.56%, respectively. This study has established that among CS, PS and CW, CW has the highest biogas and methane yields and in turn, energy potential. Keywords—Batch experiment, biogas potential, energy, cow slurry, pig slurry, chicken waste, mesophilic temperature,
Teachers ’ Self-efficacy Beliefs and the development of ESL Autonomous Teachers ’ in Indonesia

Decentralization of educational decision-making potentially provides teachers with power and autonomy to make decisions concerning the school and classroom teaching practices. However, especially when teachers are not ready to act on the autonomy and to deal with challenges they face, it might also create a new set of problems. There is the possibility that wider teacher autonomy might promote confusion instead of educational improvement. This paper argues that many English teachers in Indonesia are not ready to, and perhaps are unable to act autonomously in their professional lives. Previously teachers have been used to applying whatever the central government has asked them to implement through a prescribed curriculum, Curriculum 1994. These existing cultural practices did not encourage teacher autonomy. Therefore, now that the opportunity is widely available for teachers to have the power to decide what curriculum materials to bring into the classroom, teachers are not comfortable exercising this newly found autonomy. Thus, there is no guarantee that autonomy alone will necessarily contribute to improving the quality of the teaching that teachers provide on a daily basis. It is therefore suggested that if teachers are to act confidently and exercise their autonomy in curricular decision-making, then their self-efficacy beliefs are of importance, especially if they are to own the reform agenda. Self-efficacy beliefs are instrumental in affecting the effort teachers put into teaching, in setting goals, and in the aspiration teachers have for themselves and their students. Furthermore, a high sense of efficacy is influential in the teachers’ level of teaching enthusiasm (Allinder, 1994; Guskey, 1984; Pajares, 2002), commitment to teaching (Coladarci, 1992), with highly efficacious teachers tending to exercise higher levels of planning and organization (Allinder, 1994). As well as being persistent in dealing with problems and being more resilient in the face of setbacks (Ashton & Webb, 1986), they are more open to new ideas and willing to experiment with new methods (Guskey, 1988; Stein & Wang, 1988; Tschannen-Moran & Hoy, 2001) Thus, how to build a high sense of efficacy among English teachers and how these beliefs contribute to teachers’ autonomy are important questions. (347 words)
1 Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Subtyping Methods

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular subtyping methods have been developed and applied to study the population genetics and molecular epidemiology of foodborne pathogens for more than two decades. These methods are based on PCR reaction and subsequent analysis of the banding pattern in gel electrophoretic. Some methods involve restriction digestion and ligation. The principles and performance (discriminatory power, epidemiological concordance, ease of use, reproducibility, typeability, etc.) of some typical PCR-based molecular subtyping methods are discussed in the following text.
CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF CALCIUM HYDROXYAPATITE

În această lucrare este prezentată o metodă de sinteză a unui biomaterial ceramic de tipul hidroxiapatitei, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, componentul mineral al ţesuturilor dure din organismele vii. Pulberile de hidroxiapatită au fost obţinute prin metoda de coprecipitare chimică, prin utilizarea hidroxidului de calciu şi a acidului ortofosforic ca surse de calciu şi fosfor. Pulberile obţinute au fost caracterizate prin intermediul difracţiei de raze X, metodei de difuzie dinamică a luminii (DLS) şi a microscopiei electronice cu baleiaj (SEM). Metoda propusă a condus la obţinerea unei hidroxiapatite cu o cristalinitate mai mare de 80%, în cazul tuturor probelor tratate termic la 800C. In this paper is presented a synthesis method of calcium phosphate bioceramics such as hydroxiapatite, the mineral component of bones and hard tissue in mammals. Hydroxyapatite powders have been obtained by chemical coprecipitation, by using calcium hydroxide and ortophosphoric acid as a source of calcium and phosphorus. The synthesized powders were characterized by X – ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering technique (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The proposed method lead to obtain a hydroxyapatite with a degree of crystallinity, greater than 80%, in case of all samples thermal treated at 800C.
MAINTAINING THE RATED POWER OUTPUT OF THE HATCHOBARU GEOTHERMAL FIELD THROUGH AN INTEGRATED RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT

In order to maintain the rated power output of a geothermal power plant, it is required to keep reservoir pressure and temperature constant. This is however difficult because both parameters usually change due to the interference between wells and to the breakthrough of reinjected water into production zones. Reservoir monitoring and numerical simulation are therefore indispensable to keep track of the actual operation condition of the reservoir and to forecast the tendency of future changes in its properties. In fact it is only through reservoir simulation that it is possible to analyze different scenarios to efficiently maintain the rated power output, and to optimize the position of drilling targets and the operation of production and reinjection wells. The first step is to construct a precise numerical model that satisfactorily explains the tendency of the past and present variations of pressure, temperature, and fluid behavior. Then, following steps are addressed to predict future changes of power output by coupling reservoir and wellbore simulators. The results of analyzing different exploitation schemes can provide the optimum well position that will prevent overproduction and/or cooling of production zones. An integrated reservoir management based on reservoir monitoring techniques and reservoir simulation has been conducted to maintain the rated power output of 110 MW at the Hatchobaru geothermal power plant which is located in northern part of Kyushu Island, Japan. The potential of the reservoirs in Hatchobaru has been studied by means of numerical simulation. A three-dimensional reservoir model was constructed and progressively updated. Now, it is capable of reproducing changes in pressure, temperature, gravity and tracers behavior simultaneously, which are recorded during the reservoir monitoring and periodical well tests. Numerical simulation showed that the reservoirs in Hatchobaru are capable of sustaining power facilities of the capacity around 120 MW. Therefore, the present exploitation is equivalent to the 92% of this power potential. However, in the case of no future make-up drilling, the power output is predicted to drop to 80 MW within 5 years. It was disclosed that the reason for this is the current overexploitation of one of the main productive faults. A scenario to maintain the rated power output was devised. This scenario permitted the optimization of future production and reinjection targets taking into consideration the power potentials of each productive fault. In this paper, studies of optimizing the scenario of power maintenance in the Hatchobaru geothermal power plant are introduced.
Chapter VI Human Resource Portals and the Protean Career : A Three-Factor Model Constant

This chapter discusses the role of human resource portals in the management of the protean career. A protean career is a career that is frequently changing due to both changes in the person’s interests, abilities, and values, and changes in the work environment. The chapter develops a three-factor model, which contends that three types of variables (individual attributes, characteristics of the human resource portals, and organizational factors) influence the effective use of Web-based human resource services. The model also argues that the effective use of Webbased human resource services plays an important role in the management of the protean career since employees act as free agents, responsible for Human Resource Portals and the Protean Career 123 Copyright © 2005, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. their own career advancement opportunities. The three-factor model has implications for research and practice for both employees and employers.
On the causal relationship between oil prices and equity markets

In this paper, our aim is to investigate the causal links between oil prices (BRENT and WTI) and equity markets for ten countries, both developed and emerging: US, UK, Russia, Japan, Germany, Czech Republic, China, and Austria. The Granger causality test results show that the evolution of the WTI price causes the subsequent returns in the case of the stock markets from UK (significant at 10%), Russia (1%), Japan (1%), China (1%), Czech Republic (5%), and Austria (5%), while the evolution of the BRENT prices is a risk factor for stock markets in Russia (significant at 1%), Japan (15), China (1%) and Austria (5%). With the exception of the relationship between BRENTChina, the above causality is not bilateral, as the stock markets’ evolution doesn’t impact the future movement of the oil price. Only the US stock market leads the oil market (both BRENT and WTI), and this unilateral causality is significant at 1%. Key-Words: oil prices, equity markets, energy economics, Granger causality
Tradeoffs between understory light and foliar nitrogen across productivity gradients of boreal forests

Light and nitrogen (N) in forest understories limit plant productivity, and the constraint of each resource has been hypothesized to covary predictably with soil fertility. We examined the contrast in understory light availability versus foliar N attributes of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) across fertility gradients in southern boreal forests of British Columbia, Canada. Understory light declined with site fertility, from a high of 30% of full sun on poor sites to as low as 15% on very rich sites. In contrast, understory foliar N concentration increased (ranging from 9.3 to 14.2 g kg) with soil N availability, and paralleled asymptotic stand height (a measure of site potential), despite growing in shade. Crossovers in resource limitations, from relatively high light with low N on poor sites to low light with high N on very rich sites, occurred at 29 kg N ha for soil N availability and 28 m for asymptotic stand height, both corresponding with mesotrophic sites. A balanced tradeoff between light and soil fertility limitations was indicated by quite consistent foliar N per unit leaf area of the understory (approx. 2.0 g N m) across the productivity gradient. Foliar N concentrations of understory subalpine fir were consistent with the overstory fir, and both were superior to that of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta). We suggest foliar N concentration and N per unit leaf area indicate growth potential and current photosynthetic condition, respectively, and could be used to quantify growth constraints on understory trees.
THE ACQUISITION OF DIFFERENTIAL OBJECT MARKING IN SPANISH AND ROMANIAN : SEMANTIC SCALES OR SEMANTIC FEATURES ?

This study investigates the acquisition of differential object marking in Spanish and Romanian. Both languages differentially mark those direct objects which are higher on the animacy and the specificity scales. The main aim is to identify whether the acquisition route strictly follows these semantic scales or whether it is merely guided by the underlying semantic feature of each scale. The analysis of three longitudinal corpora of spontaneous speech for each language (age range: Spanish: 1;1–3;1; Romanian: 1;9–3;1) reveals that the acquisition process of differential object marking builds on the core semantic features underlying the relevant scales, which correspond to semantic universals constraining the acquisition process.
History and Current Research in the USDA-ARS Cotton Breeding Program at Stoneville, MS

Cotton breeders have focused mainly on selecting for high yield and early maturity under the impact of the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boh.) in the last century. Selection for high fiber quality was once a less important objective in cotton breeding. With the transition of the U.S. cotton industry from a domestic consumer to a major exporter of raw fibers into the global market and the technology advancements in the textile industry since the 1990s, the need for high fiber quality in cotton cultivars has increased. In recent years, genetic improvement in cultivars for insect resistance, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance has become important for maintaining cotton yield. Under strong competition from other major crops, increasing profit in cotton production has become an urgent task for cotton breeders and increasing economic potential in cottonseed and other economic traits can help promote profits for cotton growers. In this paper, the major research projects related to cotton breeding at the USDA-ARS at Stoneville, MS since the 1960s are reviewed. These research projects reflect the changing needs in cotton production during the period and focus on broadening the genetic base of Upland cotton for improving agronomic traits and fiber quality in cotton cultivars by a group of scientists with different scientific disciplines. A comprehensive review of this research can help develop strategies and identify research fields to strengthen to meet challenges in future.
Landsat Image Classification Based on K-Nearest Neighbor

Classification is the process of grouping classes and defining a class and determining the relationship between these classes. Landsat imagery with the distribution of residential areas and agricultural areas can be used to process information on the population density of a particular area. In this study, the classification process of residential images, factory images and rice fields images has been carried out with a total of 58 data. KNN was chosen as the classification algorithm considering the data used is quite simple and few. In this study, GLCM is used for feature extraction features, especially regarding image texture patterns. We have implemented values K=1 to k=11. The best accuracy value is obtained at k=1 which is 100%, while k=3, k=5 has obtained an accuracy of 96.15%. k=7 and k=9 can still be tolerated by getting 76.92% while at k=11 it only gets 57.69%.
Search for invisible anomalous Higgs boson decay with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

A direct search for evidence of decays to invisible particles of a Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is presented. This search is performed for a Standard Model-like Higgs boson produced in association with a Z boson and having a mass between mH = 115 GeV and mH = 300 GeV. The results are interpreted to place limits on the branching fraction to invisible particles of the newly discovered boson with mass near 125 GeV. Assuming that this is the Standard Model Higgs boson, its decay to invisible particles is not measurable, but could have a large contribution from the decay to the dark matter particles, for example. In addition, limits are set on any neutral Higgs-like particle, produced in association with a Z boson and decaying predominantly to invisible particles. No deviation from the Standard Model expectation is observed in the search, which uses 4.7 fb−1 of 7 TeV pp collision data and 13.0 fb−1 of 8 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Assuming the ZH production rate for a 125 GeV Standard Model Higgs boson, limits are set on the invisible branching fraction at 95% condence level. The observed exclusion is for branching fractions greater than 65%, and the expected limit is 84%.
How can Iran’s black market exchange rate be managed?

The Iranian currency (rial) depreciated on average 12.2 per cent per annum against the U.S dollar during the period 1960-1998 but, despite continued two-digit rates of inflation, the rial has witnessed only a meagre 1.7 per cent fall in its value in the post 1998 era. This paper examines this perplexing issue by identifying the major long-run determinants of the black market exchange rate. This paper uses the multivariate cointegration test, a threshold regression model and annual time series data (1960-2008) to determine exactly at what exchange rate the effect of relative prices on the exchange rate has been subject to an asymmetry adjustment process. We found that the relative CPIs in Iran and the U.S., total stock of foreign debt and the price of crude oil are the major long-run determinants of the black market exchange rate. However, the impact of relative prices (as measured by the magnitude of its elasticity) has significantly diminished from almost unity in the pre 1998 period to less than one-fourth since 1998. Based on our results, if oil prices continue to plunge, liquidity and inflation are out of control and at the same time Iran accumulates more external debt, the exchange rate will eventually exhibit an unprecedented and explosive depreciation in the coming years. No previous study has examined this issue using a threshold regression model without splitting the entire sample into two sections according to an endogenously determined threshold for the exchange rate.
Electrical Impedance Analysis of the Mixture of Lard in Beef Fat by Electrical Spectroscopy Method Using Four Probes

This research discusses the electrical impedance measurements using the four-probe method on the lard and beef fat. This research is a continuation of previous studies that do fat impedance measurements at high frequencies by using the two-probe method. Analysis of four probe models can indicate changes in the electrical properties of the material when the material contains different liquid media based on its impedance and minimizes the effect of the double layer. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids contained in each fat will determine the electrical properties of the material In this study, will explain four-probe electrical impedance measurements of lard fat mixture in beef fat by giving 100 μA current at a frequency of 1 Hz to 1MHz. The results showed that the electrical impedance of both fats decreased with increasing frequency. The electrical impedance of the fat cows smaller than lard. The impedance meter works well at frequencies up to 1 Hz1MHz. The addition of the mixture concentration of lard will cause an increase in the value of the electric impedance of beef fat. Keywords— Electrical impedance, mixture, lard, beef fat.