Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A DFDD Based Detector for Space-Time Block Coded Differential Spatial Modulation Under Time-Selective Channels

Space-time block coded differential spatial modulation (STBC-DSM) is a recently proposed spectral efficient multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) transmission technique. Existing detection algorithms for STBC-DSM are designed for quasi-static channels, which limits the application of STBC-DSM in fast fading channels. In this letter, we propose a novel decision-feedback differential detection (DFDD) based detector for STBC-DSM system under fast-fading channels. The proposed detector mitigates the impact of channel vector changes by using the DFDD metric which contains multiple previous detection results. Simulation results show that the proposed detector is more tolerable in time-selective channels than other existing STBC-DSM detectors.
Transcriptome-Wide Analyses Identify Dominant as the Predominantly Non-Conservative Alternative Splicing Inheritance Patterns in F1 Chickens

Transcriptome analysis has been used to investigate many economically traits in chickens; however, alternative splicing still lacks a systematic method of study that is able to promote proteome diversity, and fine-tune expression dynamics. Hybridization has been widely utilized in chicken breeding due to the resulting heterosis, but the dynamic changes in alternative splicing during this process are significant yet unclear. In this study, we performed a reciprocal crossing experiment involving the White Leghorn and Cornish Game chicken breeds which exhibit major differences in body size and reproductive traits, and conducted RNA sequencing of the brain, muscle, and liver tissues to identify the inheritance patterns. A total of 40 515 and 42 612 events were respectively detected in the brain and muscle tissues, with 39 843 observed in the liver; 2807, 4242, and 4538 events significantly different between two breeds were identified in the brain, muscle, and liver tissues, respectively. The hierarchical cluster of tissues from different tissues from all crosses, based on the alternative splicing profiles, suggests high tissue and strain specificity. Furthermore, a comparison between parental strains and hybrid crosses indicated that over one third of alternative splicing genes showed conserved patterns in all three tissues, while the second prevalent pattern was non-additive, which included both dominant and transgressive patterns; this meant that the dominant pattern plays a more important role than suppression. Our study provides an overview of the inheritance patterns of alternative splicing in layer and broiler chickens, to better understand post-transcriptional regulation during hybridization.
A reusable biosensor chip for SERS-fluorescence dual mode immunoassay

Research continues in an effort to develop a versatile platform for clinical diagnosis with easy operation and low cost. In the present study, a biosensor chip has been designed and fabricated for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)- fluorescence dual mode immunoassay. Here, a dual channel microfluidic chip was employed for simultaneous SERS and fluorescence detection. Unlike previously reported microfluidic immunoassays using fluorescence or SERS method independently, the proposed dual mode biosensor combined the advantages of these two optical detection techniques. The fluorescence mode can be used for fast screening of biomolecules while the SERS mode can be employed for accurate and sensitive quantitative analysis. In addition, the chip-based microfluidic platform greatly reduced the reagents cost and complicated operation. The whole detection process from sample preparation to optical detection can be finished in 90 min. Moreover, the reversibly bonded biosensor chip could be reused after cleaning, which further reduced the cost for each assay. All these merits make it a potential powerful tool for practical clinical diagnosis.
Formulation Development and evaluation of Liposomal Drug Delivery System Containing Etoposide

The spectrum are ABSTRACT Two most commonly used preparative methods, reverse phase evaporation and ethanol injection were employed to prepare cationic liposomes composed of Etoposide API, DMPG-Na polymer and Cholesterol binder, respectively. To overcome the hindrances of the reported HPLC analytical method in pharmacopeia which requires more time in preparation for solvent and also its bit tedious; we have developed and validated a simple method which will be applicable to detect and quantify actual drug in formulation as well as it can be applied for pharmacokinetics study. The resulting formulations were evaluated through morphology observation, particle size and zeta potential analysis, % entrapment efficiency and % drug loading. The results showed that liposomes prepared by ethanol injection method were of best quality and stability, with promising results. However ETNLE 5 shows best results i.e. particle size 197.3±0.21nm, polydispersity index 0.340±0.051%, and zeta potential of about -12.7±1.266mV. Entrapment efficiency 81.78± 0.78% and drug loading 89.62±2.53% is the highest as compared to all other batches. % In-vitro Drug release study showed 15% and 21% of drug was released in the first five minutes with a cumulative drug release of 58% and 78% for ETNLE 5 formulation at pH 1.2 and pH 6.4 respectively. Stability study of optimized batch showed no significant changes in evaluation parameters. Cell viability study on A-549 cells by MTT assay clarified cancer cells are inhibited by 200 µM equivalent etoposide liposomes as compared to 64.88% of free drug. These findings clarified the effect of preparative methods on performance of cationic liposome, as well as formulation factors on entrapment efficiency, and will provide important methodological reference for further study of liposomes carriers for drug delivery to tumor penetration.
Formulation and Evaluation of the Antidiabetic, Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Potential of the Tablets of Arbortristoside-A from the Seeds of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn.

Aim: Literature shows the traditional as well as scientific proven medicinal importance of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. In the it was aimed at to formulate and screen the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of the tablets of arbortristoside-A obtained from N. arbortristis seeds. Materials and Methods: Arbortristoside-A was chemically isolated from the seeds’ ethanolic extract of N. arbortristis. The antioxidant property of arbortristoside-A was screened in-vitro by the help of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl) methodology. The granules of arbortristocide-A with suitable excipients were prepared by wet granulation method. The tablets were prepared by the help of rotating punch tablet machine and subjected to standard evaluation process. Its antidiabetic property was evaluated by using streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats of either sex. This study also included a serum biochemical assays and pancreatic and hepatic histopathological modification. Results: Daily oral treatment with tablets of arbortristoside-A and glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) for three weeks reduced the plasma glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST and ALT levels significantly whereas improvement in HDL-cholesterol level was observed (p<0.01) as that of the diabetic control animals. Significant recovery of the pancreas and liver was observed with the tablets administration which was supported by its significant antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Present results indicated that the tablets of arbortristoside-A have prominent effect in the overall management of diabetes mainly at its higher dose (75 mg/kg) in the diabetic due to its antilipidemic and antioxidant properties.
Airborne Magnetometry to Identify Metallic Debris to Support Dredging and Search Activities at the Brumadinho Disaster Site – A Case Study

This paper describes the procedures and results of an airborne magnetic survey using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) conducted to support Search and Rescue (S&R) teams after the failure of a mining tailing dam at the Corrego do Feijão Mine, in the state of Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil. The accident claimed 270 lives, practically destroying all the mine’s infrastructure. After the accident, the use of a fast, efficient, and cost-effective method to locate preferential sites for the rescue team to work was critical. Due to the difficulty of direct access to the impacted area, and since most of the affected infrastructure consisted of metallic materials, an airborne magnetometer was the logical choice. First, some performance tests were conducted in order to define the survey configurations, such as flight altitude, transect spacing and anomaly’s detectability threshold. After that, task priorities were set, and the survey area divided in small blocks according to their morphological characteristics using aerial photos of the impacted area. The results showed that the system was able to detect all relevant anomalies. The correlation of the anomalies with aerial photogrammetry helped to discard false anomalies, making the whole operation much more efficient. This increased the effectiveness of the S&R teams as well as the planning of the dredging operations by defining the preferential locations for the interventions.
Analysis of Intrinsic Mechanistic of Stability-Tracking Control for Distributed Drive Autonomous Electric Vehicle

For distributed drive autonomous vehicles, adding lateral stability control (LSC) to the trajectory tracking control (TTC) can optimize the distribution of the driving torque of each wheel, so that the vehicle can track the planned trajectory while maintaining stable lateral motion. However, the influence of adding LSC on the TTC system is still unclear. Firstly, a stability-track hierarchical control structure composed of LSC and TTC was established, and the interaction between the two layers was identified as the key of this paper. Then, the Intrinsic Mechanistic framework of the stability-tracking control (STC) was proposed by establishing and analyzing the vehicle dynamic model and control process of two layers. Finally, through simulation experiments, it was found that the change in the curvature of the target trajectory will make the tracking target trajectory and maintaining the lateral stability of the vehicle appear to conflict; in addition, in the LSC layer, the steering characteristics and delay characteristics of different reference models have a greater impact on the lateral stability and trajectory tracking performance; moreover, adjusting the preview time has a more obvious effect on trajectory tracking and lateral stability than the stability correction intensity coefficient.
Frequency dependent eddy current models for nonlinear iron cores

Frequency dependent representations of eddy currents in laminated cores of power transformers are developed. One representation is based on a continued fraction expansion for the frequency dependent magnetizing impedance while the other is based on a discretization of flux distribution within the lamination. Both models are low order and reproduce the frequency characteristics of the transformer magnetizing branch up to 200 kHz with less than 5% error. The importance of modeling the frequency dependence of eddy currents for the calculation of the transient recovery voltage across a low voltage transformer breaker interrupting a nearby fault is demonstrated. >
0.83- and 1.3-micron microwave (2-18 GHz) fiber-optic links using directly modulated laser sources

Loss and noise characteristics of 0.83- mu m and 1.3- mu m directly modulated laser fiber-optic links were measured from 2 to 19 GHz. The 1.3- mu m system exhibited lower loss (46 dB at 18 GHz) and noise figure (64 dB at 18 GHz) than the 0.83- mu m version for frequencies above 10 GHz. Deleterious feedback-induced effects were observed in the 0.83- mu m link, including sporadic 45-dB radiofrequency signal dropouts. <<ETX>>
The Penetration of Chromium: An Up-To-Date 0.5% Potassium Dichromate Vehicle Comparison

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Background Chromium (Cr) contact allergy is frequent in many industrialized countries. The knowledge of the factors that can influence percutaneous penetration is very important assessing the risk of human exposure. Objective The aim of the study was to compare the concentration of Cr in various skin layers using 2 different vehicles. Methods Full-thickness (approximately 1 mm) porcine ear skin was mounted in Franz-type diffusion cells. Duplicate potassium dichromate preparations in 0.5% petrolatum (pet) and 0.5% in aqua (aq) were applied to the donor compartment facing the epidermis for 24 hours. After the experiment, the porcine skin samples were cut with a microtome. All samples were analyzed for total Cr concentration by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry. The limit of detection was 0.001 μg/cm3. Results Chromium was detected in both recipient phases. The distribution of Cr in the skin is similar for pet and aq preparations, but the concentration of Cr detected in the skin was almost 2 times lower for pet comparing aq preparations. Conclusions Both vehicles were suitable for penetrating the skin. Less Cr is found in the skin when pet is used as a vehicle. Acid wipe sampling and finger immersion test results might be false-negative for Cr in occupations involving contact with Cr salts in aq solutions.
Development of a Contact Based Human Arm Motion Analysis System for Virtual Reality Applications

This paper presents the development of a system for analyzing and adapting the Human Arm motion for virtual reality applications. The proposed system consists of number of Flex sensors, Inertial Measurement Units and Embedded Data Acquisition System, to record the joint angles for deriving the kinematic states (position, velocity and acceleration) of different parts of the human arm. A flexible structure is used for holding the sensors on the human arm at the required position, without hindering the movement. The embedded circuit utilizes a 32-bit Microcontroller to process the data from various sensors and transmits digitized data to the central computer for computing the various kinematics parameters. The system has been tested against standard motion tracking device and is found to perform close to the reference device with an average error of 6% . Such a device can be used to simulate critical operations in medicine and industry and analyze performance during various tasks.
MicroRNA-Target Interaction Regulatory Network in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia; however, early diagnosis of the disease is challenging. Research suggests that biomarkers found in blood, such as microRNAs (miRNA), may be promising for AD diagnostics. Experimental data on miRNA–target interactions (MTI) associated with AD are scattered across databases and publications, thus making the identification of promising miRNA biomarkers for AD difficult. In response to this, a list of experimentally validated AD-associated MTIs was obtained from miRTarBase. Cytoscape was used to create a visual MTI network. STRING software was used for protein–protein interaction analysis and mirPath was used for pathway enrichment analysis. Several targets regulated by multiple miRNAs were identified, including: BACE1, APP, NCSTN, SP1, SIRT1, and PTEN. The miRNA with the highest numbers of interactions in the network were: miR-9, miR-16, miR-34a, miR-106a, miR-107, miR-125b, miR-146, and miR-181c. The analysis revealed seven subnetworks, representing disease modules which have a potential for further biomarker development. The obtained MTI network is not yet complete, and additional studies are needed for the comprehensive understanding of the AD-associated miRNA targetome.
A design of the novel coupled-line bandpass filter using defected ground structure with wide stopband performance

In this paper, a novel three-pole coupled-line bandpass filter with a microstrip configuration is presented. Presented bandpass filters use defected ground structure (DGS) sections to simultaneously realize a resonator and an inverter. The proposed coupled-line bandpass filter provides compact size with low insertion-loss characteristic. Furthermore, a DGS shape for a microstrip line is newly proposed. The proposed DGS unit structure has a resonance characteristic in some frequency band. The proposed coupled-line filter can provide attenuation poles for wide stopband characteristic due to resonance characteristic of DGS. The equivalent circuit for the proposed DGS unit section is described. The equivalent-circuit parameters for DGS are extracted by using a three-dimensional finite-element-method calculation and simple circuit analysis method. A design method for the proposed coupled-line filter is derived based on coupled-line filter theory and the equivalent circuit of the DGS. The experimental results show excellent agreements with theoretical simulation results.
Dietary Habits and Relationship with the Presence of Main and Trace Elements, Bisphenol A, Tetrabromobisphenol A, and the Lipid, Microbiological and Immunological Profiles of Breast Milk

Breastfeeding is the best way to feed an infant, although it can also be a source of abiotic contaminants such as heavy metals or bisphenol A (BPA). The early life exposure to these compounds can lead to serious toxic effects in both the short and long-term. These substances can reach breast milk through the mother’s habits, diet being one of the main routes of exposure. The aim of the present work was to analyse possible associations between the dietary habits of women and the content of major trace elements, BPA, fatty acids and lipids, and the microbiological and immunological profiles of human milk. Possible associations between major trace elements and BPA and the lipid, microbiological and immunological profiles were also analysed. The results of this study support that the microbiological composition of human milk is associated with the dietary habits of the women, and that the consumption of canned drinks is related to the presence of BPA in human milk. Furthermore, some relationships were found between the amount of major trace elements and the microbiological and immunological profile of the milk samples. Finally, the presence of BPA was associated with changes in the immunological profile of human milk.
Classification of Ornamental Betta Fish Using Convolutional Neural Network Method and Grabcut Segmentation

The shape of the fins and tail and color are physical characteristics of ornamental betta fish. The diversity of types of ornamental betta fish makes it difficult for ordinary people to recognize the types of ornamental betta fish. Therefore, a classification system for ornamental betta fish is needed which aims to help identify types of ornamental betta fish. In this study, we employ the ResNet-50 architecture for ornamental betta fish classification. The architecture maximizes the resulting accuracy due to a large number of layers. It can reduce the missing gradient problem thereby increasing the resulting performance. The models were trained by using a dataset with several variations of color space to be able to find out the right color space to apply. The color space is quite influential on the model's performance because the color is one of the reliable features in this study. The experiment demonstrates that the RGB color space and Adam optimization algorithm are suitable compositions for the classification of ornamental betta fish species with this dataset. Models using datasets with RGB color space achieve the highest performance with the values of accuracy, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value, True Positive Rate, True Negative Rate, and f'1-score are 80%, 82%, 96%, 79%, 96%, and 80%, respectively.
Urbanization for Everyone: Benefits of Urbanization in Indonesia’s Rural Regions

The motivation for this paper is to understand the value of urban agglomeration to rural economies in Indonesia. It has recently been argued that Indonesia has not leveraged urbanization for economic growth as effectively as peer countries such as China, India, Vietnam, and Thailand. This analysis is deepened by looking at within-country differences in the relationship between the growth of cities and the concomitant growth in rural economies located in proximity to these cities. Three sets of models are developed that examine growth over three relatively homogenous 4-year time periods. These are 1996–1999, the years roughly corresponding to the Asian financial crisis; 2001–2004, the years during which Indonesia recovered from the financial crisis, and also the first years of decentralized governance in the country; and 2004–2007, during which the country had regained precrisis gross domestic product (GDP) levels. Recognizing the strong possibility of feedback relationships between key variables, the final models treat economic growth as being jointly determined with population growth, human capital accumulation, and infrastructure legacy. The findings suggest that some of the most effective policy responses for increasing rural incomes could be seen in the increase of accessibility for rural areas to major metropolitan centers.
Modeling MESFETs and HEMTs intermodulation distortion behavior using a generalized radial basis function network

This paper proposes a generalized radial basis function (GRBF) network to accurately describe drain to source current nonlinearity for intermodulation distortion (IMD) prediction of MESFETs and HEMTs applications in their saturated region. Trying to analytically reproduce the nonlinearities second and third order Taylor-series coefficients, responsible for IMD performance in these devices, may result in a quite difficult task. Neural networks were introduced as a robust alternative for microwave modeling, mostly employing the black-box model type approach of the multilayer perceptron network. The GRBF network we consider is a generalization of the RBF network, which takes advantage of problem dependent information. Allowing different variances for each dimension of input space, the GRBF network makes use of soft nonlinear dependence of the drain to source current derivatives with drain to source voltage for improving accuracy at reduced cost. The network structure and its learning algorithm are presented. Results of its performance are compared to other structures with similar amounts of parameters. Carrier to intermodulation (C/I) predictions validate this approach for precise IMD control versus bias and load in class A amplifiers applications. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 9: 261–276, 1999.
Control-Structure Integrated Design of Flexible Spacecraft Using MOEA/D

A framework has been developed to identify control-structure interaction design of flexible space structures that are Pareto optimal with respect to multiple conflicting objectives. The objectives and constraints of multiobjective optimization problem are derived from structure and control performances. The equation of motion of the flexible space structure are based on Lagrange’s equation. Multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) is employed for optimization. This framework has been applied to a controlled idealized rotating structure to quantify tradeoffs in control-strcutrue design. The control-strcutrue design is optimized based on two conflicting objectives with minimize total mass and minimize control cost using MOEA/D. To solve the equality constraint of the above problem, an improvement is proposed in the implementation of MOEA/D. The improvement is based on the modification of new solution on each step of evolution. The numerical results obtained suggest that the MOEA/D and its improvement have the potential of practical applicability.