Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationships between Land Surface and Near-Surface Atmospheric Variables in the NCEP North American Regional Reanalysis

Abstract This study examines the recently released National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) products over diverse climate regimes to determine the regional relationships between soil moisture and near-surface atmospheric variables. NARR assimilates observed precipitation, as well as near-surface observations of humidity and wind, while seeking a balance of the surface water and energy budgets with a modern land surface model. The results of this study indicate that for most basins (of approximate size of 0.5–1.0 × 106 km2) the NARR surface water budgets have relatively small residuals (about 0.2 mm day−1), and slightly larger residuals (about 0.4 mm day−1) for basins with complex terrain like those in the western United States. Given that the NARR is an assimilation system (especially one that assimilates observed precipitation), the NARR does not include feedbacks between soil moisture and precipitation. Nonetheless, as a diagnostic tool anchored to o.
Missing Markets for Human Capital and Differences in Growth

There are some empirical facts that growth models usually cannot explain: i) the di.erences in consumption growth rates across countries when international capital markets are considered, ii) the low growth and low levels of education in developing countries where the return on education is very high. This paper introduces a generational structure that implies that the return on human capital is higher than the return on physical capital and that consumption growth rates vary across countries when international capital markets are included. The human capital technology of the paper implies that poor countries grow more slowly and invest a smaller share of income on education, in spite of an extraordinarily high return on education and the existence of international capital markets.
Testing a Large Number of Hypotheses in Approximate Factor Models

We propose a method to test hypotheses in approximate factor models when the number of restrictions under the null hypothesis grows with the sample size. We use a simple test statistic, based on the sums of squared residuals of the restricted and the unrestricted versions of the model, and derive its asymptotic distribution under different assumptions on the covariance structure of the error term. We show how to standardize the test statistic in the presence of both serial and cross-section correlation to obtain a standard normal limiting distribution. We provide estimators for those quantities that are easy to implement. Finally, we illustrate the small sample performance of these testing procedures through Monte Carlo simulations and apply them to reconsider Reis and Watson (2010)'s hypothesis of existence of a pure inflation factor in the US economy.
Development of a Group Intervention for Teens With Type 1 Diabetes

Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (DM1) are at significant risk for depression compared to their non-diabetic counterparts and frequently demonstrate poor glycemic control. Comorbid depression may further exacerbate inadequate metabolic control by creating emotional barriers to effective adherence. Caregiver response to the diagnosis and management of DM1 also has implications for diabetic teens' psychological and physical health. This article describes the development and implementation of a group intervention for adolescents with DM1 and a parallel caregiver support group. The group intervention is designed to improve psychosocial functioning and medical adherence in teen participants and to reduce diabetes-specific stress in caregivers.
Investigation of Students' Knowledge and Iris Interrelationship

Specialiųjų biometrinių sistemų kūrėjai skiria du vyzdžio reakcijos tipus pagal skirtingus žmogaus būsenos tyrimus: vyzdžio reakciją į psichoemocine būseną ir vyzdžio reakciją, susijusią su žmogaus intelektine veikla. Tyrimo metu buvo analizuojami vyzdžio pasikeitimai, atsirandantys dėl studento reakcijos į atitinkamą klausimą (kai jis žino atsakymą arba ne). Buvo sukurtas vaizdo fiksavimo įrenginys ( image capture device ) su videokamera siekiant atlikti eksperimentą ir įrasyti akies vyzdžio pakitimus. Gauti vaizdai buvo apdorojami specialiai sukurta programine įranga ( video processing software ), o rezultatai pateikiami diagramose, kurios parodo studento vyzdžio reakciją į perskaitytą klausimą per pirmąją minute, kai studentas žino atsakymą arba ne. Jei po pirmos minutes jis atsakymo nežino, vyzdys islieka issiplėtes. Il. 4, bibl. 10 (anglų kalba; santraukos anglų ir lietuvių k.). http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eee. 116.10. 890
A Survey on Realtime Analytics Frameworkfor Smart Grid Energy Management

Smart grids are modernized electricity grids with information technology support. Smart Grids are the most promising development in the energy and utilities market.Smart grids are being installed in many countries and it is expected to have multi-fold benefits in efficient energy management. The Smart Grids receive real time meter data with high velocity and volume. In such scenario, near real time efficient analytics of streaming smart meter data and quick decision making is significant. In this paper, we survey the existing methodologies and means for real time energy data management in smart grids.
Assessing nocturnal sleep patterns in Latino mother-child dyads in a community setting - Lessons learned from a feasibility study

Background: Latinos experience high rates of obesity and related sequelae such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Short sleep duration has been associated with obesity in children and adults, but most studies examining the associationfocused on non-Latinos. We do not know whether sleep assessment tools such as actigraphy and sleep diaries could beused with Latino mother-child dyads in community settings. Therefore, this feasibility study evaluated adherence to andacceptability of actigraphy and sleep diaries as tools for assessment sleep in Latino mothers and preschool children in acommunity setting. Methods: Using a descriptive design, 10 low-income, Spanish-speaking mothers and their 2- to 5-year-old children wererecruited from the community. Mother-child dyads wore actigraphy monitors and mothers completed sleep diary for 5days. Adherence was evaluated by assessing the percentage of data missing from the actigraph and completed sleep diaries. Maternal acceptability was evaluated by a survey. Results: There was minimal missing actigraphy data for a few children during the daytime, but not during the night time.Participants described some of the difficulties encountered in the study, including worries about the safekeeping ofresearch equipment, the personal discipline needed to record data, and the confusion experienced using part of the sleep diaries. Conclusion: Based on the results from this study, future sleep studies of Latina mothers and their children can be designedto increase adherence, improve acceptability, and minimize burden.
The Effects of Tax Incentives on Firm Performance: Evidence from Uganda

This paper attempts to analyse the effects of tax incentives on the performance of Ugandan manufacturing firms in terms of gross sales and value added employing panel data estimation techniques. The study findings show that firms with tax incentives perform better in terms of gross sales and value added than their counterparts. The education level of managers of firms, firm-size, and age of the firm have positive impact on firm performance. The major policy implication of the study findings indicates that Government needs to streamline the provision of tax incentives for better firm performance. Access to quality and technical education and skills development is necessary in order to have qualified managers with high level of management skills to utilize the available tax incentives so as to improve firm performance.
Determining the potential in a wave equation without a geometric condition. Extension to the heat equation

We prove a logarithmic stability estimate for the inverse problem of determining the potential in a wave equation from boundary measurements obtained by varying the first component of the initial condition. The novelty of the present work is that no geometric condition is imposed to the sub-boundary where the measurements are made. Our results improve those obtained by the first and second authors in [2]. We also show how the analysis for the wave equation can be adapted to an inverse coefficient problem for the heat equation
AODV with DSR Protocol Heirarchy For Packet Dropped Forgery Attacks

Far reaching scale sensor frameworks are sent in different application spaces, and the data they accumulate are used as a piece of essential initiative for fundamental structures. Data are spilled from different sources through midway taking care of center points that aggregate information. Provenance organization for sensor frameworks exhibits a couple testing requirements, for instance, low imperativeness and exchange speed usage, beneficial limit and secure transmission. a novel lightweight arrangement to securely transmit provenance for sensor data. relies on upon inpacket Bloom channels to encode provenance. Regularly recommend lightweight procedure for parcel drop affirmation in remote sensor systems. We recommended a AODV with DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) where the IDS hubs are set in wanton technique just when required, to recognize the sporadic refinement in the quantity of data. Our experimental results show efficient data achnowledgement in real time data transmission and other configurations with realistic data delivery. DSR is only for assigning efficient data independence in detection of attacker formed by Forgery presense in real time wireless communication Snsor Networkd.
Financial Management Reforms and the Economic Performance of Public Sector in Kenya

The research aimed at determining the impact of financial management reforms on the economic performance of public sector entities in Kenya. The study used the economic unit performance contracting results as the measure of performance. The study’s main objective was to determine the relationship between financial management reforms and the economic performance of the public sector in Kenya. The study used descriptive survey design. The population was the 42 ministries and departments that were in existence during the period of the study. The study was carried out at the Ministry’s headquarters based in Nairobi. Data was collected from secondary and primary sources for five years between financial years 2007/2008 – 2011/2012.Analysis was done using ordinary least squares (OLS) method. Three types of financial reforms were targeted; budgetary reforms, accounting reforms and auditing reforms. The findings of the study revealed that financial reforms achieved more than half of the intended performance targets over the period under investigation. The results show that budgetary reforms had the strongest explanatory power on performance indicators at 0.681, followed by accounting reforms at 0.47 and audit reforms at 0.387. We therefore conclude that audit reform does not aid in improving performance of public sector entities while budgetary and accounting reforms are the most effective tools. The reason for this misnomer could be that civil servants could have developed a negative attitude against audit and see it as slowing down delivery of services or that audit is a conduit for corruption. More financial and budgetary reforms should therefore be undertaken for improved results. Audit reforms need to be closely reevaluated and new approaches employed to yield better results and economic performance. Key words: Financial reforms, Budgeting, Accounting, Auditing, public sector
Running head: FACTOR ANALYSIS OF QUALITY OF LIFE

A study of 398 young adults (ages 21-26) with severe disabilities who had been out of school for 1.75 to 5 years was conducted to validate a four-factor model of quality of life for youth with severe disabilities in transition from school to community and from youth to adulthood. Information was gathered on life satisfaction, employment-economic integration, employment stability, personal choice/control, residential integration, social networks, community assimilation and acceptance, social/recreational-leisure integration, family integration, formal support services, citizenship/contribution, and educational involvement. Results of the study found that the four-factor model of quality of life reflects and corresponds to those defining dimensions proposed by the related quality-of-life literature. The first dimension is "adult performance/independence," defined by personal control in adult life, citizenship, residential integration, and educational attainment. The second dimension is "interpersonal relationship/community and family integration," which is characterized by family integration, social network, and community assimilation and acceptance. The third dimension of "productivity (economic stability)" is defined by an individual's involvement in stable and integrated daily work or related activities, occupational or employment characteristics, income, and degree of self-sufficiency. The last dimension is "psychological well-being (satisfaction)," which is determined by personal overall satisfaction and involvement in recreation-leisure activities. (Contains 64 references.) (CR) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Quality of Life 1 Running head: FACTOR ANALYSIS OF QUALITY OF LIFE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Factor Analysis of Quality of Life for Individuals with Severe Disabilities in Transition Hung-Chih Lin, Ph.D. Department of Special Education National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Paper Presented at the 10th World Congress of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities, Helsinki
EMITTANCE EXCHANGE IN THE MUON IONISATION COOLING EXPERIMENT

In the Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE), muons are cooled by ionisation cooling. Muons are passed through material, reducing the total momentum of the beam. This results in a decrease in transverse emittance and a slight increase in longitudinal emittance, but overall reduction of 6d beam emittance. In emittance exchange, a dispersive beam is passed through wedge-shaped absorbers. Muons with higher energy pass through more material, resulting in a reduction in longitudinal emittance as well as transverse emittance. We consider the cooling performance of different wedge materials and geometries and propose a set of measurements that would be made in MICE. We outline the resources these measurements would require and detail some constraints that guide the choice of wedge parameters. EMITTANCE EXCHANGE IN THE MUON IONISATION COOLING EXPERIMENT Ionisation cooling is achieved in the Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) [1] baseline by the placement of absorbing material in the beamline. The absorbing material reduces beam momentum, which is replaced only in the longitudinal direction by RF cavities, resulting in a net reduction of emittance. Overall, transverse emittance is reduced while longitudinal emittance stays the same or increases slightly due to stochastic processes in the energy loss. Here we consider using MICE to observe emittance exchange. In emittance exchange a dispersive beam is passed through a wedge-shaped absorber. Muons with higher energy pass through more material and experience greater momentum loss. In this way the longitudinal emittance of the beam can be reduced either in addition to, or even instead of transverse emittance reduction. Emittance exchange is vital for the cooling section of a Muon Collider and has been considered as an upgrade option to the Neutrino Factory. The measurement of longitudinal emittance reduction in MICE would test the accuracy of the absorber physics models in a different geometry; demonstrate that the physics of ∗Work is supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council, the U.S. Department of Energy under grant No. DE-FG02-07ER41487, contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359; National Science Foundation under grant No. PHY-0630052. † pavel.snopok@ucr.edu emittance exchange is well understood; and demonstrate emittance exchange in a real magnetic lattice. A first simulation study of wedges in MICE was made in [2], where it was shown that even a large emittance dispersive beam could be passed through MICE step IV with acceptably small non-linear effects given care in the way the beam is selected. Figure 1: The geometry as simulated in G4MICE: side and 3D view. The wedge absorber and coils are shown. The total length of the Step IV layout is just over 7.5 m; inner radius of the coils is 258 mm. Figure 2: Schematic of the wedge geometry, which is parameterised by the on-axis thickness t, opening angle θ and radius r.
Psychological Empowerment as a Mediator Between Teachers’ Perceptions of Authentic Leadership and Their Withdrawal and Citizenship Behaviors

Purpose: This study explores the mediating role of psychological empowerment on authentic leadership, organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB), and a variety of withdrawal behaviors among teachers, using the psychological model of perceptions-attitudes-behaviors. Research Design: A total of 366 teachers from 23 randomly selected Israeli schools participated in the study. The research combined self-reports and school records taken at regular time intervals regarding three withdrawal behaviors: lateness, absenteeism, and intent to leave. The model for the hierarchical data (teachers within schools) that included latent as well as manifest variables was analyzed using the Mplus statistical package applying to multilevel analysis. Findings: “Impact,” a dimension of psychological empowerment, was found to mediate the relationship between authentic leadership and OCB, whereas “self-determination, meaning, and competence,” the other dimension of psychological empowerment, was found to mediate the relationship between authentic leadership and absence frequency. No mediating relationship was found for psychological empowerment on authentic leadership and the other withdrawal behaviors of lateness and intent to leave. Research Implications: The present study improves the Ajzen and Fishbein model. While most previous withdrawal behavior studies focused on a single dimension of withdrawal behaviors and did not consider OCB, the present study presents an integrative framework, focusing on the mediating role of psychological empowerment as a consistent link between authentic leadership and a spectrum of teachers’ withdrawal behaviors and OCB. Practical Implications: These findings should encourage principals to promote high standards of authentic leadership to empower their teachers, increase OCB, and reduce absenteeism among teachers.
Annacardium occidentale Stem Bark Extract can Decrease the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Drugs

Background: Due to the growing use of phytotherapy clinical strategies for infectious diseases, healthcare providers and patients must know the risks of interactions between such preparations and synthetic drugs. Cashew extracts are widely used in Brazil for complementary treatments of infectious diseases, and often are combined to antimicrobial drugs. However, the possible consequences of such combinations are unknown. Objective: To assess the interference of the Cashew stem bark hydroethanolic extract (CSBE) on certain antimicrobials against clinical isolates of staphylococcal species. Methodology: Antimicrobial susceptibility test and interference assays were performed using gentamycin, ampicilin, ciprofloxacin, G penicillin, neomycin, rifampicin and vancomycin disks. Results: Here we show that the CSBE might reduce the therapeutic activity of some antimicrobial drugs in Staphylococcal species. We found in controlled in vitro assays that the antagonistic effect was seen in all antimicrobial drugs tested for most of the strains and statistically significant differences were found when compared to the control antimicrobials. Our results also indicate the presence of tannins, flavonoids and saponins in the CSBE. Conclusion: Such combinations are suggested to be not adequate for clinical treatments. Further researches are needed for a better understating of such interactions at the molecular level.
Preference study for Urban Parks Activities using Multiple Method Group: A Case of Gorgan City

Current literatures on urban parks and green spaces showed that people’s preference for visiting urban parks in various group users is different. People visit parks for various motives and activities, leading to several patterns of park usabilit y. However, the patterns in urban park use in majority of Iran cities are not yet known. This study presented the preference for activity in urban parks among people in Gorgan city. A survey research was conducted to gain understanding of respondents’ preferences for activity in urban parks. The Data was collected among 300 visitors of two well-known urban parks in Gorgan. Visitors rated preference for four activities: relaxation, socializing, nature involvement, and playing activities. The results revealed that the people of Gorgan chose relaxation and na ture involvement as the most preferred activities whilst socializing and playing were the least preferred activities. Furthermore, a significant difference in two variables: relaxation and nature involvement activity was found among marital status and visi tor age groups. The results also indicated the role of urban parks on psychological needs of the citizens, which creates urban nature as a valuable urban resource and key component for city sustainability. This result contributes notions towards significan tly impacting design of urban parks and their facilities that designers and decision makers should manage those facilities to satisfy the visitors’ needs.
Study Knowledge Flows Moving in Business Groups with the Perspectives of Organizational Learning

Business groups are commonly regarded as important organizational structures in today’s modern economies. Headquarters play the main role of coordinating all subsidiaries’ knowledge, and subsidiaries are both knowledge providers and knowledge demanders. If all the parties in business groups accomplish their functions well, every unit enjoys the fruits of synergy. However, knowledge is often not easy to spread. This knowledge represents a subsidiaries competitive advantage. If subsidiaries shared knowledge with each other, they would dilute their own competitive advantages. Hence, properly managing the knowledge held in subsidiaries is very important for headquarters. This study attempts to link social capital and organizational learning concepts in exploring the driving force behind knowledge outflows of subsidiaries.