Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IFN-γ-Inducible Protein 10 (IP-10; CXCL10)-Deficient Mice Reveal a Role for IP-10 in Effector T Cell Generation and Trafficking1

IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10, CXCL10), a chemokine secreted from cells stimulated with type I and II IFNs and LPS, is a chemoattractant for activated T cells. Expression of IP-10 is seen in many Th1-type inflammatory diseases, where it is thought to play an important role in recruiting activated T cells into sites of tissue inflammation. To determine the in vivo function of IP-10, we constructed an IP-10-deficient mouse (IP-10−/−) by targeted gene disruption. Immunological analysis revealed that IP-10−/− mice had impaired T cell responses. T cell proliferation to allogeneic and antigenic stimulation and IFN-γ secretion in response to antigenic challenge were impaired in IP-10−/− mice. In addition, IP-10−/− mice exhibited an impaired contact hypersensitivity response, characterized by decreased ear swelling and reduced inflammatory cell infiltrates. T cells recovered from draining lymph nodes also had a decreased proliferative response to Ag restimulation. Furthermore, IP-10−/− mice infected with a neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus had an impaired ability to control viral replication in the brain. This was associated with decreased recruitment of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes into the brain, reduced levels of IFN-γ and the IFN-γ-induced chemokines monokine induced by IFN-γ (Mig, CXCL9) and IFN-inducible T cell α chemoattractant (I-TAC, CXCL11) in the brain, decreased numbers of virus-specific IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ cells in the spleen, and reduced levels of demyelination in the CNS. Taken together, our data suggest a role for IP-10 in both effector T cell generation and trafficking in vivo.
Symposium on object relations theory and love. On the intrapsychic function of falling in love.

Freud once planned a comprehensive "study of man's love life. " Although only fragments of this project ever appeared in print, much of it can be reconstructed from Freud's letters and other sources. After tracing the evolution of Freud's thinking on this topic, the author proposes that there are five functions of the ego which are associated with falling in love. The bliss of falling in love is seen as the result of a revival of feelings that once belonged to the symbiotic phase of infancy. Other findings of Mahler are considered in terms of their significance for the understanding of love.
A Colloquial Corpus of Japanese Sign Language: Linguistic Resources for Observing Sign Language Conversations

We began building a corpus of Japanese Sign Language (JSL) in April 2011. The purpose of this project was to increase awareness of sign language as a distinctive language in Japan. This corpus is beneficial not only to linguistic research but also to hearing-impaired and deaf individuals, as it helps them to recognize and respect their linguistic differences and communication styles. This is the first large-scale JSL corpus developed for both academic and public use. We collected data in three ways: interviews (for introductory purposes only), dialogues, and lexical elicitation. In this paper, we focus particularly on data collected during a dialogue to discuss the application of conversation analysis (CA) to signed dialogues and signed conversations. Our annotation scheme was designed not only to elucidate theoretical issues related to grammar and linguistics but also to clarify pragmatic and interactional phenomena related to the use of JSL.
Modelling sound radiation from a baffled vibrating plate for different boundary conditions using an elementary source technique

ABSTRACT Analytical models of the sound radiation a rectangular plate are often based on simply supported edges for mathematical convenience. Models for other boundary conditions also exist, but mostly these employ rather complicated analytical calculations. This paper presents an analytical model of the radiation efficiency for a baffled plate using a discrete elementary source model. The model requires only the a knowledge of the spatial distribution vibration velocity of the panel and hence this surface velocity can be calculated conveniently by using the established mobility equations for different plate boundary conditions. This is then included in the discretized Rayleigh integral to calculate the radiated sound pressure to the far-field. Variability of the radiation efficiency for different forcing locations and its average value are presented here for several combinations of boundary conditions. Experimental results are presented for free and clamped edges which show reasonable agreement with the predicted results.
Measurements of heterotypic associations between cluster of differentiation CD74 and CD44 in human breast cancer-derived cells

Interactions between pairs of membrane-bound receptors can enhance tumour development with implications for targeted therapies for cancer. Here we demonstrate clear heterotypic interaction between CD74 and CD44, which might act in synergy and hence contribute to breast cancer progression. CD74, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is a chaperone for MHC class II biosynthesis and a receptor for the MIF. CD44 is the receptor for hyaluronic acid and is a Type I transmembrane protein. Interactions between CD74, MIF and the intra-cytoplasmic domain of CD44 result in activation of ERK1/2 pathway, leading to increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. The level of CD44 in the breast tumor cell lines CAMA-1, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435 and the immortalized normal luminal cell line 226LDM was higher than that of CD74. It was also observed that CD74 and CD44 exhibit significant variation in expression levels across the cells. CD74 and CD44 were observed to accumulate in cytoplasmic compartments, suggesting they associate with each other to facilitate tumour growth and metastasis. Use of a novel and validated colocalisation and image processing approach, coupled with co-immunoprecipitation, confirmed that CD74 and CD44 physically interact, suggesting a possible role in breast tumour growth. This is the first time that CD74 and CD44 colocalization has been quantified in breast cancer cells using a non-invasive and validated bioimaging procedure. Measuring the co-expression levels of CD74 and CD44 could potentially be used as a ‘biomarker signature’ to monitor different stages of breast cancer.
Impact of sirolimus, tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil on osteoclastogenesis--implications for post-transplantation bone disease.

BACKGROUND Post-transplantation bone disease is associated with a high degree of morbidity including pain and fractures. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis on top of pre-existing renal osteodystrophy is considered the major pathogenic factor, while the role of non-glucocorticoid immunosuppressants is less well defined. METHODS In this study, we investigated the influence of sirolimus (SRL) versus calcineurin inhibitor (CI)-based immunosuppressive regimens on biomarkers of bone resorption in renal transplant patients. In addition, the impact of SRL, tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on osteoclast activation and function was assessed in cell culture systems. RESULTS Using this approach, we demonstrated reduced serum levels of bone resorption markers in patients treated with SRL after kidney transplantation compared to a CI-based regimen. In line with this observation, we detected profoundly reduced osteoclast differentiation and subsequently diminished hydroxyapatite resorption in the presence of SRL compared to MMF and tacrolimus in vitro. Moreover, SRL significantly reduced osteoclast precursor proliferation in vitro compared to tacrolimus and led to augmented apoptosis in osteoclast precursors. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, SRL was shown to inhibit osteoclast formation in vivo and in vitro. SRL thus may have the potential to balance osteoclast promoting effects of glucocorticoids and CI, thereby counteracting the development of accelerated osteoporosis in renal transplant recipients.
Diagnostically Robust Ultrasound Video Transmission over Emerging Wireless Networks

The objective of this project is to develop a unifying framework for the error-resilient communication of medical ultrasound video over emerging 3.5G and 4G wireless networks that is suitable for critically-needed clinical diagnosis. The goal is to develop new methods as well as integrate state-of-the-art methods in video coding, wireless networks, and medical video quality assessment into an adaptive, automated framework. The anticipated system will be validated in cardiovascular remote diagnosis applications. In this study, we summarize conducted research achievements, discuss on-going work and preliminary findings, and highlight future work in each of the afore-described disciplines parting mobile-health (m-health) video systems.
The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study: rationale, organization, and selected characteristics of the participants.

The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study was designed to elucidate the natural history of the infection causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), identify risk factors for occurrence and clinical expression of the infection, and establish a repository of biologic specimens for future study. A variety of recruitment techniques, including special assurance of confidentiality, were used to enroll participants. Nearly 5,000 homosexual men volunteered for semiannual interview, physical examination, and laboratory testing in four metropolitan areas. A significant majority of these men in each center (69-83%) reported having 50 or more lifetime sexual partners, and over 80% had engaged in receptive anal intercourse with at least some of their partners in the previous two years. By the time of the participants' initial evaluation (April 1984-April 1985), infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had occurred in higher proportions of men in Los Angeles (51%) and Chicago (43%) than in Baltimore/Washington, DC (31%) and Pittsburgh (21%), presumably as a result of the higher number of partners and proportion with whom these men had engaged in high-risk practices (e.g., receptive anal intercourse). Follow-up evaluations are underway in this comprehensive longitudinal investigation of HIV infection.
High Resolution a-IGZO TFT Pixel Circuit for Compensating Threshold Voltage Shifts and OLED Degradations

In this paper, we propose a novel voltage programmed pixel circuit based on amorphous-indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors (a-IGZO TFTs) for active-matrix organic light-emitting displays. Through the extensive simulation work based on a-IGZO TFT and OLED models, we confirm that the proposed pixel circuit can compensate for threshold voltage variations of TFTs and OLED degradation over wide dynamic range (~104) of OLED current as well as achieve a high pixel aperture ratio with the suppressed OLED current error rate below 9%.
Classification and rigidity of totally periodic pseudo-Anosov flows in graph manifolds

In this article we analyze totally periodic pseudo-Anosov flows in graph 3-manifolds. This means that in each Seifert fibered piece of the torus decomposition, the free homotopy class of regular fibers has a finite power which is also a finite power of the free homotopy class of a closed orbit of the flow. We show that each such flow is topologically equivalent to one of the model pseudo-Anosov flows which we previously constructed in Barbot and Fenley (Pseudo-Anosov flows in toroidal manifolds. Geom. Topol. 17 (2013), 1877–1954). A model pseudo-Anosov flow is obtained by glueing standard neighborhoods of Birkhoff annuli and perhaps doing Dehn surgery on certain orbits. We also show that two model flows on the same graph manifold are isotopically equivalent (i.e. there is a isotopy of $M$ mapping the oriented orbits of the first flow to the oriented orbits of the second flow) if and only if they have the same topological and dynamical data in the collection of standard neighborhoods of the Birkhoff annuli.
Intragenic pausing and anti‐sense transcription within the murine c‐myc locus.

We present a detailed analysis of strand‐specific transcription in different regions of the murine c‐myc locus. In normal and transformed cell lines, RNA polymerase II directed transcription occurs in the sense and anti‐sense direction. Three noncontiguous regions show a high level of transcription in the anti‐sense orientation: upstream of the first exon, within the first intron and in the 3′ part of the gene (intron 2 and exon 3). In a cell line carrying a c‐myc amplification (54c12), anti‐sense transcription is not uniformly increased throughout the locus and is differentially affected by inhibition of protein synthesis. These results suggest that anti‐sense transcription in various parts of the locus is independently regulated. In the sense orientation, transcriptional activity is higher in the first exon than in the rest of the gene indicating that transcription pauses near the 3′ end of the first exon. The extent of this intragenic pausing varies among different cell lines and is most severe in cells with a c‐myc amplification. Transcription initiation and pausing are both negatively regulated by labile proteins.
Fault-tolerant control for a quadrotor unmanned helicopter subject to sensor faults

This paper presents an active fault-tolerant control scheme for a quadrotor unmanned helicopter with velocity sensor faults. A two-level control scheme is designed to guarantee the trajectory following of the quadrotor when there are no faults. The control scheme consists of an external-loop Proportion Differentiation (PD) control law and an internal-loop Proportion Integration Differentiation (PID) control law. A fault diagnosis unit is designed to detect and estimate sensor faults. The fault detection is achieved by using an observer-based residual generator of a Luenberger type and the fault estimation problem is solved by utilizing an augment variable observer. The asymptotical convergence property of estimation errors is proved. A fault-tolerant control law is proposed by combing the external-loop PD control law and the result of fault estimation. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme.
Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Biological Samples

A brief summary of current cryo–electron microscopy methods for processing and imaging biological tissues is provided. The main emphasis is given to two preparation procedures: frozen-hydrated samples because of the remarkable success of cryo-electron crystallography in obtaining near atomic resolution of integral membrane proteins, and high-pressure freezing because of the wide applicability for vitrification of large samples of normal and diseased tissues for ultrastructural and immunolabeling analysis. Methods for examining certain samples with a TEM cryo-stage are summarized. This includes an introduction to the relatively new area of cryo-electron tomography, which offers the possibility to observe the three-dimensional structure of subcellular components using only their natural variations in composition to generate contrast.
Examination of Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in University Students Enrolled in Kinesiology Degree Programs

Abstract Many, GM, Lutsch, A, Connors, KE, Shearer, J, Brown, HC, Ash, G, Pescatello, LS, Gordish-Dressman, H, Barfield, W, Dubis, G, Houmard, JA, Hoffman, EP, and Hittel, DS. Examination of lifestyle behaviors and cardiometabolic risk factors in university students enrolled in kinesiology degree programs. J Strength Cond Res 30(4): 1137–1146, 2016—Preventing physical inactivity and weight gain during college is critical in decreasing lifelong obesity and associated disease risk. As such, we sought to compare cardiometabolic risk factors and lifestyle behaviors between college students enrolled in kinesiology and non-kinesiology degree programs to assess whether health and exercise degree programs may influence health behaviors and associated disease risk outcomes. Anthropometrics, fasting blood glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and HbA1c%, blood pressure, and peak oxygen consumption (V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak) were assessed in 247 healthy college students. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA) was calculated using glucose and insulin levels. Self-reported physical activity from the Paffenbarger questionnaire was collected to estimate the average caloric expenditure due to different types of physical activities. Despite no significant differences in body mass index or waist circumference between groups, kinesiology majors presented with ∼20% lower fasting insulin levels and HOMA (p = 0.01; p < 0.01, respectively) relative to nonmajors. Kinesiology majors reported increased weekly participation in vigorous-intensity sport and leisure activities and, on average, engaged in >300 metabolic equivalent-h·wk−1, whereas non-kinesiology majors engaged in <300 MET-h wk−1 (p = 0.01). Our data suggest that students enrolled in kinesiology degree programs display improved healthy behaviors and associated outcomes (parameters of glucose homeostasis). Practical outcomes of this research indicate that implementing components of a comprehensive kinesiology curriculum encourages improved health behaviors and associated cardiometabolic risk factors.
HIF-2α deletion promotes Kras-driven lung tumor development

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The oxygen-sensitive hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) transcriptional regulators HIF-1α and HIF-2α are overexpressed in many human NSCLCs, and constitutive HIF-2α activity can promote murine lung tumor progression, suggesting that HIF proteins may be effective NSCLC therapeutic targets. To investigate the consequences of inhibiting HIF activity in lung cancers, we deleted Hif-1α or Hif-2α in an established KrasG12D-driven murine NSCLC model. Deletion of Hif-1α had no obvious effect on tumor growth, whereas Hif-2α deletion resulted in an unexpected increase in tumor burden that correlated with reduced expression of the candidate tumor suppressor gene Scgb3a1 (HIN-1). Here, we identify Scgb3a1 as a direct HIF-2α target gene and demonstrate that HIF-2α regulates Scgb3a1 expression and tumor formation in human KrasG12D-driven NSCLC cells. AKT pathway activity, reported to be repressed by Scgb3a1, was enhanced in HIF-2α-deficient human NSCLC cells and xenografts. Finally, a direct correlation between HIF-2α and SCGB3a1 expression was observed in approximately 70% of human NSCLC samples analyzed. These data suggest that, whereas HIF-2α overexpression can contribute to NSCLC progression, therapeutic inhibition of HIF-2α below a critical threshold may paradoxically promote tumor growth by reducing expression of tumor suppressor genes, including Scgb3a1.
Characteristics of older adults with self-reported stooping, crouching, or kneeling difficulty.

BACKGROUND Stooping, crouching, and kneeling (SCK) are fundamental components of daily living tasks, and nearly a quarter of older adults report a lot of difficulty or inability to perform these movements. This study examined characteristics associated with SCK difficulty to explore underlying mechanisms and remediation strategies. METHODS One hundred eighty-four older adults with no, low, or high SCK difficulty underwent a comprehensive laboratory visit at the University of Michigan. RESULTS Twenty-one percent of participants (n = 39) reported a lot of difficulty or inability to stoop, crouch, or kneel. Characteristics independently associated with increasing SCK difficulty were self-reported leg joint limitations, (odds ratio [OR] = 3.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64-9.01), Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99), and knee extension strength (OR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55-0.94). CONCLUSIONS Increasing SCK difficulty is associated with balance confidence as well as leg limitations. Remediation of SCK difficulty will likely require a program that encompasses both behavioral and physical issues.
Effects of strength training on body composition, physical functioning, and quality of life in prostate cancer patients during androgen deprivation therapy

Background. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) increases survival rates in prostate cancer (PCa) patients with locally advanced disease, but is associated with side effects that may impair daily function. Strength training may counteract several side effects of ADT, such as changes in body composition and physical functioning, which in turn may affect health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, additional randomised controlled trials are needed to expand this knowledge. Material and methods. Fifty-eight PCa patients on ADT were randomised to either 16 weeks of high-load strength training (n = 28) or usual care (n = 30). The primary outcome was change in total lean body mass (LBM) assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Secondary outcomes were changes in regional LBM, fat mass, and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measured by DXA; physical functioning assessed by 1-repetition maximum (1RM) tests, sit-to-stand test, stair climbing test and Shuttle walk test; and HRQOL as measured by the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30. Results and Conclusion. No statistically significant effect of high-load strength training was demonstrated on total LBM (p = 0.16), but significant effects were found on LBM in the lower and upper extremities (0.49 kg, p < 0.01 and 0.15 kg, p < 0.05, respectively). Compared to usual care, high-load strength training showed no effect on fat mass, aBMD or HRQOL, but beneficial effects were observed in all 1RM tests, sit-to-stand test and stair climbing tests. Adherence to the training program was 88% for lower body exercises and 84% for upper body exercises. In summary, high-load strength training improved LBM in extremities and physical functioning, but had no effect on fat mass, aBMD, or HRQOL in PCa patients on ADT.
Scoring systems in inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing condition affecting the GI tract that can affect individuals of any age and results in lifelong treatment, frequently including the need for surgery. Historically, the lack of a single effective and sensitive test for IBD has posed a great challenge in assessing disease severity, effectiveness of medication and predicting outcomes for this complex condition. Several IBD scoring and classification systems have been developed over many years to classify and characterize IBD patients, with the goal of helping to better define the disease status and effectiveness of therapy. Recent genetic investigations have revealed the complexity of IBD at the pathophysiologic level, revealing numerous genetic mutations associated with the disease. Thus, these clinically based IBD classification systems can provide the basis for the eventual correlation between the underlying genotype with clinical expression of disease and lead to better characterization of disease subtypes and, hopefully, customized treatment regimens.
The Perception of Facial Expressions from Two-Frame Apparent Motion

We examined the contribution of motion information in perceiving facial expressions using point-light displays of faces. First, we established the minimum number of feature points necessary for the perception of facial expression from a single image. Next, we examined the effects of motion with a stimulus using an insufficient number of dots. We used two conditions. In the motion condition, the apparent motion was induced by a preceding neutral face image followed by an emotional face image. In the repetition condition, the same emotional face image was presented twice. The performance was higher in the motion condition than in the repetition condition. This advantage was reduced by inserting a white blank field between the neutral and emotional faces thus confirming that the improvement was due to the motion.