Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distribution, abundance and biomass of Chaetognaths off São Sebastião region, Brazil in February 1994

No presente trabalho foram estudados a distribuicao, abundância, biomassa, estrutura da populacao e habito alimentar dos quetognatos coletados na regiao de Sao Sebastiao, Brasil, em fevereiro de 1994. As 43 amostras de zooplâncton utilizadas na elaboracao deste trabalho foram obtidas atraves de arrastos obliquos usando uma rede Bongo (333 um), providas de fluxometro. Foram identificadas sete especies de Chaetognatha pertencentes a dois generos. Sagitta friderici, S. tenuis e S. bipunctata foram agrupadas como especies neriticas, enquanto que Sagitta enflata, S. hispida, S. minima e Krohnita pacifica semi-neriticas. A analise da estrutura da comunidade, mostrou a existencia de 3 zonas: 1) zona costeira caracterizada por poucas especies; 2) zona oceânica com muitas especies e 3) zona oceânica, ao sul e sudoeste da Ilha de Sao Sebastiao, com muitas especies, mas predominância de uma especie. A zona neritica foi dominada pelas especies S. friderici e S. tenuis, e a zona oceânica por S.enflata. Abundância e biomassa do grupo aumentou da regiao costeira para a oceânica. A populacao foi composta principalmente de jovens. A analise do conteudo intestinal revelou mais de 90% de individuos com o trato digestivo vazio. A dieta das diferentes especies foi bastante similar, sendo composta principalmente de pequenos copepodos e apendicularios.
Regulation of the proteinase B structural gene PRB1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The expression of PRB1, the gene that encodes the precursor to the soluble vacuolar proteinase B (PrB) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is regulated by carbon and nitrogen sources and by growth phase. Little or no PRB1 mRNA is detectable during exponential growth on glucose as the carbon source; it begins to accumulate as cells exhaust the glucose. Previous work has shown that glucose repression of PRB1 transcription is not mediated by HXK2 or by the SNF1, SNF4, and SNF6 genes (C. M. Moehle and E. W. Jones, Genetics 124:39-55, 1990). We analyzed the effects of mutations in the MIG1, TUP1, and GRR1 genes on glucose repression of PRB1 and found that mutations in each partially alleviate glucose repression. tup1 and mig1 mutants fail to translocate all of the Prb1p into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. A screen for new mutants revealed mutations in MIG1 and REG1, genes already known to regulate glucose repression, as well as in three new genes that we have named PBD1 to PBD3; all cause derepressed expression. Mutations that result in failure to completely derepress PRB1 were also identified in two new genes, named PND1 and PND2. Good nitrogen sources, like ammonia, repress PRB1 transcription; mutations in URE2 do not affect this response. Derepression upon transfer to a poor nitrogen source is dependent upon GLN3.
Self-Organizing Map, Matrix Reordering and Multidimensional Scaling as Alternative and Complementary Methods in a Semantic Study

In this paper we compare the three methods as the Self-Organizing Map (SOM), Matrix Reordering (MR) and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) to analyze and visualize multidimensional data. As a case study the survey of Estonian emotion concepts is analyzed by the three methods and the results are compared. We assess what are the common elements of the results of the analyses, how the methods complement each other and how the knowledge gained by different methods help us to interpret the results.
Improved State of Charge Estimation for High Power Lithium Ion Batteries Considering Current Dependence of Internal Resistance

For high power Li-ion batteries, an important approach to improve the accuracy of modeling and algorithm development is to consider the current dependence of internal resistance, especially for large current applications in mild/median hybrid electric vehicles (MHEV). For the first time, the work has experimentally captured the decrease of internal resistance at an increasing current of up to the C-rate of 25 and developed an equivalent circuit model (ECM) with current dependent parameters. The model is integrated to extended Kalman filter (EKF) to improve SOC estimation, which is validated by experimental data collected in dynamic stress testing (DST). Results show that EKF with current dependent parameters is capable of estimating SOC with a higher accuracy when it is compared to EKF without current dependent parameters.
Studies on the metabolism of acetate-1-C in tissues of tumor-bearing rats.

1. In further development of chromatographic technics, an apparatus was constructed for simultaneous analysis of eight tissue samples. Chromatographic separation of a mixture of acetic, glutamic, aspartic, lactic, and formic acids was achieved in a system in which acetic acid was the eluting agent and Dowex-1 in the acetate form was the stationary phase. 2. With the above technics, further studies on the metabolism of acetate-1-C14 in tumor-bearing animals were carried out. In a series of tumors of malonate-treated animals, the specific activity of the succinate accumulated was 1/20th that of the liver, kidney, and spleen, 8 minutes after the injection of the tracer. 3. While most tissues of tumor-bearing animals converted 70–100 per cent of the total radioactivity reaching the tissue into nonvolatile compounds, the bulk of the radioactivity in the tumors persisted as acetate. 4. When acetate-1-C14 was injected into animals that were untreated with malonate, 30–60 per cent of the total radioactivity was found in glutamate in tissues other than tumors, while, in the tumors and blood, about 10 per cent of the total radioactivity was found in this substance 3 minutes after the injection of the tracer. 5. In the untreated animals, 8 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of acetate-1-C14 and 3 minutes after intravenous injection of the tracer, the percentage of isotope transferred to other compounds was approximately the same as that in the malonate series.
The Cleavage of Semaphorin 3C Induced by ADAMTS1 Promotes Cell Migration*

Metastasis is a sequential process that allows cells to move from the primary tumor and grow elsewhere. Because of their ability to cleave a variety of extracellular signaling and adhesion molecules, metalloproteases have been long considered key components of the metastatic program. However, the function of certain metalloproteases, such as ADAMTS1, is not clear and seems to depend on the cellular environment and/or the stage of tumor progression. To characterize the function of ADAMTS1, we performed two alternative proteomic approaches, difference gel electrophoresis and stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture, to identify novel substrates of the metalloprotease. Both techniques showed that overexpression of ADAMTS1 leads to the release of semaphorin 3C from the extracellular matrix. Although semaphorins are well known regulators of axon guidance, accumulating evidence shows that they may also participate in tumor progression. Here, we show that the cleavage of semaphorin 3C induced by ADAMTS1 promotes the migration of breast cancer cells, indicating that the co-expression of these molecules in tumors may contribute to the metastatic program.
Parental high concern and adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa. A case-control study to investigate direction of causality.

BACKGROUND Robust evidence that anorexia nervosa is preceded rather than accompanied by high-concern (overprotective) parenting is limited. AIMS To look for evidence of parental high concern occurring before any onset of disorder. METHOD Forty consecutive referrals of adolescent girls with DSM-III-R anorexia nervosa were compared with matched controls using obstetric records and maternal interviews. RESULTS Index mothers reported higher rates of: near-exclusive child care (P = 0.02), infant sleep difficulties (P = 0.018), severe distress at first regular separation (P = 0.048), high maternal trait anxiety levels (P = 0.008) and later age for first sleeping away from home (P = 0.009). More index families had experienced a severe obstetric loss prior to their daughter's birth (P = 0.066). CONCLUSIONS This study lends evidence to the clinical contention that high-concern parenting in infancy is associated with the later development of anorexia nervosa. This may derive, in part, from aspects of unresolved grief.
Development of Novel Interpenetrating Network Gellan Gum-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel Microspheres for the Controlled Release of Carvedilol

Novel interpenetrating polymeric network microspheres of gellan gum and poly(vinyl alcohol) were prepared by the emulsion cross-linking method. Carvedilol, an antihypertensive drug, was successfully loaded into these microspheres prepared by changing the experimental variables such as ratio of gellan gum:poly(vinyl alcohol) and extent of cross-linking in order to optimize the process variables on drug encapsulation efficiency, release rates, size, and morphology of the microspheres. Formation of interpenetrating network and the chemical stability of carvedilol after preparing the microspheres was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction studies were made on the drug-loaded microspheres to investigate the crystalline nature of the drug after encapsulation. Results indicated a crystalline dispersion of carvedilol in the polymer matrix. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the spherical nature and smooth surface morphology of the microspheres produced. Mean particle size of the microspheres as measured by laser light scattering technique ranged between 230 and 346 µm. Carvedilol was successfully encapsulated up to 87% in the polymeric matrices. In vitro release studies were performed in the simulated gastric fluid or simulated intestinal fluid. The release of carvedilol was continued up to 12 h. Dynamic swelling studies were performed in the simulated gastric fluid or simulated intestinal fluid, and diffusion coefficients were calculated by considering the spherical geometry of the matrices. The release data were fitted to an empirical relation to estimate the transport parameters. The mechanical properties of interpenetrating polymeric networks prepared were investigated. Network parameters such as molar mass between cross-links and cross-linking density for interpenetrating polymeric networks were calculated. †This paper is CEPS Communication # 59. Part of this paper is accepted for presentation at the 30th Annual meeting and Exposition, Society for Biomaterials, to be held in April 2005 at Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Using AI to interpret BI: machine learning for decoding and characterization of brain activity patterns

The appealing properties of artificial intelligence (AI) methods are being increasingly acknowledged by the neuroimaging community, as evidenced by the recent surge of brain activity pattern recognition studies [19]. Supervised learning and classification, in particular, are appreciated tools for localizing and distinguishing intricate brain response patterns and making predictions about otherwise undetectable neural states. Our group refines and applies such methods in order to implement sensitive and dynamic tools for characterization of neurophysiological data. Specifically, we employ support vector machines (SVMs), particle swarm optimization (PSO), independent component analysis (ICA), as well as both genetic and memetic algorithms on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) data. This paper provides a brief overview of our recent advances in the development and utilization of AIbased analysis, with the particular aspiration to characterize human brain activation patterns produced by touch.
The diagnosis of hysteria: an overview.

The author outlines the three predominant conceptualizations of hysteria: that described by Briquet in 1859 and revived by current researchers; hysteria as a conversion symptom; and the idea of the hysterical personality. He also reviews psychoanalytic conceptualizations of hysteria—especially the idea of hysteria as the result of repressed sexuality—and presents explanatory models alternative to them. Although there is great confusion about the diagnosis of hysteria, he concludes that the term itself is valuable for psychiatry. Suggestions for clarifying the concept include separating Briquet's hysteria and what has been termed the "hysterical personality" from their identification with hysteria and using the term in the diagnosis of hysterical conversion symptoms.
Acute hyperhomocysteinaemia blunts endothelial dependent and endothelial independent vasodilatation in diabetic patients

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute, methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinaemia on endothelial function of skin microcirculation in diabetic compared with non-diabetic persons. Endothelial- and non-endothelial-dependent vasodilatation of the skin microcirculation were evaluated in 20 persons with type 2 diabetes (59.95±2.36 years old) and 24 age- and gender-matched controls using laser Doppler flowmetry, during fasting and four hours after 0.1 g/kg methionine-induced acute hyperhomocysteinaemia. Methionine loading caused a comparable increase of homocysteine in the two groups. Four hours after induction of acute hyperhomocysteinaemia, endothelial-dependent vasodilatation (acetylcholine effect) was lower in the diabetic patients compared with the controls ([mean±SEM] 8.09±1.18-fold increase in diabetic patients vs. 11.11±1.33-fold increase in controls, p=0.027). The same was observed for the endothelial-independent vasodilatation (sodium-nitroprusside effect, 7.55±0.80-fold increase in the diabetic patients vs. 12.19±1.26-fold increase in controls, p=0.008). Acute hyperhomocysteinaemia causes a decreased response of both endothelial-dependent and endothelial-independent vasodilatation of the skin microcirculation in diabetic compared with non-diabetic persons. These alterations might contribute to the vascular complications of hyperhomocysteinaemia in diabetes, and especially the microvascular ones.
Frequent Word Sequences and Statistical Stylistics

This paper investigates the relative effectiveness and accuracy of multivariate analysis, specifically cluster analysis, of the frequencies of very frequent words and the frequencies of very frequent word sequences in distinguishing texts by different authors and grouping texts by a single author. Cluster analyses based on frequent words are fairly accurate for groups of texts by known authors, whether the texts are long sections of modern British and US novels or shorter sections of contemporary literary critical texts, but they are only rarely completely accurate. When frequent word sequences are used instead of frequent words or in addition to them, however, the accuracy of the analyses often improves, sometimes dramatically, especially when personal pronouns are eliminated. Analyses based on frequent sequences even provide completely correct results in some cases where analyses based on frequent words fail. They also produce superior results for small groups of problematic novels and critical texts extracted from the larger corpora. Such successes suggest that analyses based on frequent word sequences constitute improved tools for authorship and stylistic studies.
Distorted Microraptor specimen is not ideal for understanding the origin of avian flight

The hypothesis that birds are theropod dinosaurs is supported by anatomical and molecular similarities, shared growth dynamics and physiology, and fossil theropods covered in feathers. A recent paper by Alexander et al. (1) and an associated commentary by Ruben (2) attempted to understand one of the greatest remaining riddles of avian evolution: the origin of flight itself.
Effect of the Uniform Accident and Sickness Policy Provision Law on alcohol screening and intervention in trauma centers.

BACKGROUND Alcohol screening and intervention in trauma centers are widely recommended. The Uniform Accident and Sickness Policy Provision Law (UPPL) exists in most states, and allows insurers to refuse payment for treatment of injuries in patients with a positive alcohol or drug test. This article analyzed the UPPL's impact on screening and reimbursement, measured the knowledge of legislators about substance use problems in trauma centers, and determined their opinions about substance use-related exclusions in insurance contracts for trauma care. METHODS A nationwide survey of members of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma was conducted. A separate survey of legislators who are members of the Senate, House, or Assembly and serve in some leadership role on committees responsible for insurance in their state was also performed. RESULTS Ninety-eight trauma surgeon and 56 legislator questionnaires were analyzed. Surgeons' familiarity with the UPPL was limited; only 13% believed they practiced in a UPPL state, but 70% actually did. Despite lack of knowledge of the statute, 24% reported an alcohol- or drug-related insurance denial in the past 6 months. This appeared to affect screening practices; the majority of surgeons (51.5%) do not routinely measure blood alcohol concentration, even though over 91% believe blood alcohol concentration testing is important. Most (82%) indicated that if there were no insurance barriers, they would be willing to establish a brief alcohol intervention program in their center. Legislators were aware of the impact of substance use on trauma centers. They overwhelmingly agreed (89%) that alcohol problems are treatable, and 80% believed it is a good idea to offer counseling in trauma centers. As with surgeons, the majority (53%) were not sure whether the UPPL existed in their state, but they favored prohibiting alcohol-related exclusions by a 2:1 ratio, with strong bipartisan support. CONCLUSIONS The study documents strong support for screening and intervention programs by both trauma surgeons and legislators. Surgeons experience alcohol-related insurance denials but are not familiar with the state law that sanctions this practice. A majority of legislators are also not familiar with the UPPL but support elimination of insurance statutes that allow exclusion of coverage for trauma care on the basis of intoxication.
Sexual and drug use behavior in perinatally HIV-infected youth: mental health and family influences.

OBJECTIVE As perinatally human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (PHIV+) youths enter adolescence, they are at high risk for poor behavioral and health outcomes. This study examines relations between youth mental health problems and sexual and substance use risk behavior, the impact of caregiver mental health and family functioning on youth mental health and risk behavior outcomes, and the role of youth HIV status in this process. METHOD Participants were recruited from four medical centers. Individual interviews were administered to 193 PHIV+ and 127 perinatally HIV exposed but uninfected (PHIV-) 9- to 16-year-old boys and girls and their primary caregivers. Participants were primarily African American and Latino. The interview assessed child sexual and drug risk behavior, child and caregiver mental health, and family functioning. RESULTS Exploratory latent-variable structural equation modeling revealed no differences in rates of sexual risk behavior or substance use between PHIV+ and PHIV- youths. However, adolescent mental health was significantly associated with sexual risk behavior and substance use. Caregiver mental health was associated with youth mental health and indirectly with sexual risk behavior and drug use through its impact on youth mental health. Family functioning did not significantly predict youth outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Over and above other key environmental factors and family functioning, youth and caregiver mental health problems are related to sex and drug use risk behaviors in PHIV+ and PHIV- youths. Given high rates of youth and caregiver mental health problems in this population, family-based mental health interventions may be a key component of HIV prevention programs for perinatally HIV-exposed youth.
Co‐Enzyme Q10: A New Drug for Cardiovascular Disease

Co‐enzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring substance which has properties potentially beneficial for preventing cellular damage during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. It plays a role in oxidative phosphorylation and has membrane stabilizing activity. The substance has been used in oral form to treat various cardiovascular disorders including angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. Its clinical importance is now being established in clinical trials worldwide.
Incisal bite force direction in humans and the functional significance of mammalian mandibular translation.

Incisal bite force direction was recorded and analyzed in ten human subjects using a specially designed force transducer. In all ten subjects the maxillary incisal bite force was vertically and anteriorly directed both during static biting and during biting associated with simultaneous mandibular translation and rotation. Since the resultant muscle force could not have been equal and opposite to the mandibular bite force, the mandibular condyles must have been loaded. These data demonstrate that the mandible acts as a lever during incisal biting and that there is no consistent relationship between incisal bite force direction and object size. In some individuals the bite force direction was more vertical during biting on a large transducer (30 mm high), while in other subjects it was more vertical during biting on a small transducer (10 mm high).
Time-varying correlations between delta EEG power and heart rate variability in midlife women: the SWAN Sleep Study.

No studies have evaluated the dynamic, time-varying relationship between delta electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep and high frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) in women. Delta EEG and HF-HRV were measured during sleep in 197 midlife women (M(age) = 52.1, SD = 2.2). Delta EEG-HF-HRV correlations in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep were modeled as whole-night averages and as continuous functions of time. The whole-night delta EEG-HF-HRV correlation was positive. The strongest correlations were observed during the first NREM sleep period preceding and following peak delta power. Time-varying correlations between delta EEG-HF-HRV were stronger in participants with sleep-disordered breathing and self-reported insomnia compared to healthy controls. The dynamic interplay between sleep and autonomic activity can be modeled across the night to examine within- and between-participant differences including individuals with and without sleep disorders.
An Algorithm for I/O Pins Partitioning Targeting 3D VLSI Integrated Circuits

This paper shows the impact of I/O pins partitioning on 3D circuits. Previous works on 3D placement did not focused on the I/Os partitioning and placement. This work presents an algorithm based on the logic proximity of the pins, which is used as weights to a min-cut partitioning. Our method calculates the area of the tiers while placing the I/Os on the boundaries. Initial whitespaces and aspect ratio as well as the initial pins orientation and ordering are preserved. The method is compared to two other simplistic methods for pins partitioning. Our experimental results show that our method is efficient since it can balance the I/O pins distribution in the various tiers while leading to improvements in wire length and number of 3D vias.