Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES (Int. J. of Pharm. Life Sci.) Effectiveness of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizai fungi and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on growth and nutrition of soybean in calcareous soil amended with rock phosphate

This research aimed at evaluation of the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradiaces and G. fasciculatum), rhizobacteria (P-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium and N2-fixing Bradyrhizobium japonicum)-and their interactions on the growth and nutrient content of soybean plants in calcareous soil. The investigation was conducted in potted –soil under greenhouse conditions. Soybean growth was significantly improved by mycorrhizal and/or rhizobacterial inoculation but dual inoculation with both was far more effective. Bradyrhizobium inoculation significantly improeved number and dry weight of nodules, especially in presence of mycorrhizal fungi. The concentrations of macronutrients (N, P and K) and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn)-in soybean shoots increased due to inoculation with any of the inoculants used but N content was lower in treatments inoculated with mycorrhizae in presence of rhizobacteria in comparison to those receiving mycorrhizae alone. In general, dual inoculation with G. intraradiaces and P-solubilizing - Bacillus megaterium resulted in the best stimulatory effect on soybean growth and nutrient content in calcareous soil.
Revival of the Magnetar PSR J1622–4950: Observations with MeerKAT, Parkes, XMM-Newton, Swift, Chandra, and NuSTAR

New radio (MeerKAT and Parkes) and X-ray (XMM-Newton, Swift, Chandra, and NuSTAR) observations of PSR J1622–4950 indicate that the magnetar, in a quiescent state since at least early 2015, reactivated between 2017 March 19 and April 5. The radio flux density, while variable, is approximately 100× larger than during its dormant state. The X-ray flux one month after reactivation was at least 800× larger than during quiescence, and has been decaying exponentially on a 111 ± 19 day timescale. This high-flux state, together with a radio-derived rotational ephemeris, enabled for the first time the detection of X-ray pulsations for this magnetar. At 5%, the 0.3–6 keV pulsed fraction is comparable to the smallest observed for magnetars. The overall pulsar geometry inferred from polarized radio emission appears to be broadly consistent with that determined 6–8 years earlier. However, rotating vector model fits suggest that we are now seeing radio emission from a different location in the magnetosphere than previously. This indicates a novel way in which radio emission from magnetars can differ from that of ordinary pulsars. The torque on the neutron star is varying rapidly and unsteadily, as is common for magnetars following outburst, having changed by a factor of 7 within six months of reactivation.
LOGARITHMIC SISTEMS FOR MEASURING SEVERITY OF ANTH- RACNOSE AND SCAB IN AVOCADO FRUITS

Scab (Elsinoe perseae) and anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata) are the major diseases of avocado fruit (Persea americana) in Michoacan, Mexico, reducing the fruit acceptability for national and export markets. This research presents two logarithmic diagrammatic scales based on the Horsfall-Barratt principle for the study of the E. perseae and G. cingulata pathosystems in avocado fruit. These scales provide a precise, accurate, and reproducible evaluation of each disease. The scales were generated calculating the ratio of diseased tissue on fruits with different severity levels using digital-image analysis and a software used to generate disease severity values for an evaluation system based on classes. Linear regression analyses of estimated and actual data from 30 evaluators were used to estimate precision (r 2 ), accuracy (b1) and reproducibility (t-test of r 2 and b1 of two trials). The precision and accuracy achieved during the validation of these measurement systems showed the scales to be reliable for field use (r 2 > 0.8 and b1 > 0.8, respectively).
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Atherogenic Indices in Adult Wistar Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid Insecticides

Indiscriminate use of pesticides appears to increase the production of free radicals in organisms such as humans and other animals. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pyrethroid insecticides on oxidative stress biomarkers and atherogenic indices in exposed adult Wistar rats. A total number of apparently healthy 60 Wistar rats were randomly selected for this study and divided into two groups. Thirty six (36) were exposed to 1.2 % w/v pyrethroid insecticides while the remaining twenty four (24) were grouped as non-exposed. The animals in each group were anesthetized and blood sample was collected from the inferior vena cava after days of exposure. Plasma levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Nitric Oxide (NO) and lipids profiles were determined using standard spectrophotometric techniques. Plasma activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were determined using standard spectrophotometric techniques. Statistical analysis of data was obtained and P<0.05 was considered significant. The mean TChol and HDL were significantly higher in 7days than 41days exposure, while plasma mean TChol and HDL were significantly lower in 41days than 21days exposure. The plasma mean levels of SOD, GPx, CAT, GSH and TAS were significantly decreasing while plasma mean levels of MDA, H2O2 and NO were significantly increasing from 7 days through 41 days exposure in exposed groups irrespective of the gender. In conclusion, this study observed that there is oxidative stress in Wistar rats exposed to pyrethroids based insecticides and lowered antioxidant defenses also observed in the studied population. Also, there was increased in weight differences with possibility of becoming obese. Thus, antioxidant supplements are advised as a prophylactic supportive therapy for adequate measures in preventing development of oxidative stress-associated complications among exposed individuals.
An intelligent radar predictor for high-speed moving-target tracking

Due to rapid the increase in missile speed, the air-defense radar system faces severe challenge in tracking these high-speed missiles. During tracking, the radar data are read into the system in a real-time manner sequentially, and thus only few data are available for trajectory estimation in every short time period. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an intelligent radar predictor, including a self-organizing map (SOM), to achieve accurate trajectory estimation under the strict time constraint. By knowing the dynamic model of the moving target, the SOM, an unsupervised neural network, learns to predict the target trajectory using a limited number of data. The performance of the SOM is compared with that of the Kalman filtering. Simulation results based on both the generated and real radar data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent radar predictor.
WISED SEMI-SUPERVISED CLUSTER ENSEMBLE SELECTION: A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR SELECTING AND COMBING MULTIPLE PARTITIONS BASED ON PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

The Wisdom of Crowds, an innovative theory described in social science, claims that the aggregate decisions made by a group will often be better than those of its individual members if the four fundamental criteria of this theory are satisfied. This theory used for in clustering problems. Previous researches showed that this theory can significantly increase the stability and performance of learning problems. As a solution, this paper proposes a new methodology of using WOC theory for evaluating and selecting basic result partitions in semi-supervised clustering problems. This paper introduces new technique for reducing the data dimensions based on supervision information, a new semi-supervised clustering algorithm based on k-means for generating basic results, a new strategy for evaluating and selecting basic results based on feedback mechanism, a new metric for evaluating diversity of basic results. The results demonstrate the efficiency of proposed method's aggregate decision-making compared to other algorithms.
Equivalence of Elements Under Automorphisms of a Free Group

J. H. C. Whitehead [4,5] proved by topological means a theorem that enables one to decide whether the elements of a free group represented by two given words are equivalent under an automorphism of the free group. E. S. Rapaport [3] gave a purely algebraic proof of this result. We present here a simplification of her argument. This paper originally appeared as a mimeographed note (Queen Mary College, London, 1962) but is no longer available in that form. We publish it here as an adjunct to J. McCool's paper [1] which immediately follows it. Whitehead's theorem is essentially equivalent to the assertion that, if w is any word, and w' is an equivalent word of minimum length, then it is possible to pass from w to w' by a succession of automorphisms of an especially simple kind, and in such a way that the lengths of the successive words obtained decrease strictly until minimum length is attained, thereafter remaining constant. The set W of Whitehead automorphisms used in the successive steps comprises two sorts. For F the free group on the set X of free generators (which may be taken finite), let L be the set of all letters, that is, the set of all generators x in X together with their inverses x = x~*. Then W contains all those automorphisms which merely permute the letters, together with all automorphisms which, for fixed a in L, carry each generator x into one of x, xa, ax, or axa. The assertion is a consequence of the analogous result for cyclic words, that is, cyclically ordered sets of letters with no pair of inverses adjacent, and is more easily proved for cyclic words. The length \w\ of a cyclic word w is the number of elements in the cyclically ordered set. The proof applies without change to finite sets of cyclic words, and the theorem follows with some effort for finite sets of ordinary words, the successive Whitehead automorphisms now reducing the sum of the lengths of the words until the minimum value is attained. (Lemma 2 of [1] leads easily to a proof of this result). Whitehead's result follows by an obvious induction from the following
Randomized hough transform (rht) : Basic mech-anisms, algorithms, and computational complexities

A thin-film deposition apparatus having a holder and a plurality of racks. Each of the racks has a surface which has the conformation of a portion of the surface of a sphere. Means is provided for rotatably mounting the racks on the holder in such a manner that said surfaces of the racks lie generally on the surface of a common sphere. Means is provided for rotating the holder upon an axis centrally disposed with respect to the racks and for rotating the racks about their own axes of rotation with respect to the holder.
The Sense of Didactic Self-efficacy in Mathematics Teachers with Various Personal Theories Regarding Gender Differences and Mathematical Giftedness

The paper presents a quasi-experimental study clarifying the variability of maths teachers’ sense of self-efficacy based on their personal theories regarding differences in mathematical giftedness between girls and boys. Didactic self-efficacy is understood as a judgment of the possibility of teaching all learners. A ‘personal theory’ is understood as a verbalized group of judgments regarding the source of mathematical giftedness among girls and boys. The two variables, i.e. ‘personal theories’ and ‘biological sex’, were introduced in a two-factor NOVA model. A strong main effect for ‘personal theories’ was noted, while there was no statistically significant effect for biological sex. The result shows that gender stereotypes can weaken teachers’ sense of didactic self-efficacy, and consequently block pupils’ opportunity for development.
Development of Sustainability Framework Based On the Theory of Resource Based View

Lean, Green and Agile management are arguably among the most frequently discussed topics in the business-operations management literature. These three concepts are perfectly aligned with theory of resource based view, which advocates a symbiotic relationship between a firm resources and capabilities and performance. In spite of the theoretical and historical linkages between these concepts however, there has been minimal efforts at integrating the concepts of Lean, Green and Agile particularly with regard to sustainability performance. This study therefore proposes a conceptual framework to examine the impact of Lean, Green and Agile practices and the relationship between sustainability performances of a firm. The study is conceptual in nature, as it involves the review of existing literature critically and systematically and synthesis of existing studies and relevant theory have been discussed, leading to the formulation of the proposed framework. Documented evidence in the literature shows that these concepts are historically linked. In spite of the linkage, there have been minimal efforts at integrating the concept of Lean Green Agile to achieve sustainability performance of the firm. The proposed framework provides a guide for examining the impact of Lean Green and Agile practices and sustainability performance achievement. It is hoped that findings emanating from the study will aid companies to further understand the importance of Lean Green and Agile practices in their day to day performance.
Standing on the shoulders of others: network ties and individual creativity

Social network theory elaborates how network ties can generate social capital through structural access and relational mechanism, then to enhance individual creativity. By categorizing network ties into strong and weak in terms of tie strength, this article discusses how individuals may utilize differential types of network ties to come up with creativity. With less structural constraints, weak ties allow diverse and heterogeneous knowledge to prosper and facilitate building-up connections among diverse ideas to make creative attainments. On the other hand, with the relational mechanisms such as cooperation and trust, strong ties may reinforce psychological capital and in turn to sustain creativity. In summary, weak ties deliver informational benefit, one component of social capital, to directly rifle individual creativity from intellectual resource perspective; while strong ties offer solidarity benefit, another ingredient of social capital, to indirectly inspire individual creativity from psychological angle. Besides, this study highlights the moderating effect of knowledge articulability which constrains the relatedness between network ties and creativity. It hypothesizes when the extent of knowledge articulability is low, that is, low codifiability, high dependency and high ambiguity, weak ties will not be effective as for individual creativity. Two-wave survey will be employed to empirically test propositions.
Apreendendo e Discutindo sobre Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos através de uma Proposta Interdisciplinar

Atualmente e comum dentre os temas discutidos, sobre tudo nas grandes cidades, o grande volume de lixo gerado pela populacao urbana. Esta discussao ganha enfase pelo principio da conservacao das massas, que diz que na natureza nada se cria e nada se perde tudo se transforma. O presente artigo e produto do trabalho desenvolvido na disciplina de Projetos Interdisciplinares no curso do Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Ciencias e Matematica da Universidade de Caxias do Sul. O trabalho consiste em uma proposta interdisciplinar no formato de uma UEPS descrita em seis momentos e tendo como partida uma problematizacao sobre o tema Residuos Solidos, seguido do questionamento de como seria possivel diminuir o excessivo volume em que os mesmos sao gerados na comunidade. O objetivo geral se trata em proporcionar o dominio dos conteudos, argumentacao e a autonomia dos estudantes em relacao a tematica abordada. Foram utilizados para embasar o trabalho os autores: Batista e Salvi (2003, 2006), Stenhouse (1974) e Santome (1998). A argumentacao apresentada no texto busca destacar que o movimento da interdisciplinaridade pode transformar profundamente a qualidade da educacao escolar por intermedio de seus processos de ensino. O Ensino de Ciencias da natureza, bem como, das demais areas do conhecimento, devem alem de ensinar conteudos, promover a cidadania. http://dx.doi. org/10.18226/23185279.v4iss4p198
Virtual Memory Systems Should Use Larger Pages rather than the Traditional 4KB Pages

Choosing the best page size for Virtual Memory requires considering several factors. A smaller page size reduces the amount of internal fragmentation. On the other hand, a larger page needs smaller page tables. However, this paper argues that the main reason to prefer a larger page is to increase the virtual to physical translation speed i.e. because the size of a TLB is limited, to facilitate increasing of TLB coverage we have to use larger pages
Voice quality and speaking styles

The objective of this article is presenting an acoustic phonetic and perceptual experiment which explores voice quality and dynamic characteristics in the reading of prose texts, contrasting professional and non-professional voice speakers. In the task of perceptual evaluation, a semantic five-point rating differential scale was used. Two descriptors were introduced: “pleasantness of voice quality” and “professional voice style”. The results of the perceptual evaluation task indicated that the judges were able to differentiate between professional and non-professional voice speakers and that this differentiation could be explained in terms of vocal dynamic characteristics. In relation to the judgments of pleasantness of voice quality, the differentiation was guided by characteristics of vocal quality settings independently of them being professionals or not. Correlations between acoustic and perceptual parameters were based on multivariate analysis. Contributions to the discussion of the indexical power of voice quality for the attribution of characteristics to speakers are presented.
Evaluation of statistical cloud parameterizations

This work is motivated by the question: how much complexity is appropriate for a cloud parameterization used in general circulation models (GCM). To approach this question, cloud parameterizations across the complexity range are explored using general circulation models and theoretical Monte-Carlo simulations. Their results are compared with high-resolution satellite observations and simulations that resolve the GCM subgrid-scale variability explicitly. A process-orientated evaluation is facilitated by GCM forecast simulations which reproduce the synoptic state. For this purpose novel methods were develop to a) conceptually relate the underlying saturation deficit probability density function (PDF) with its saturated cloudy part, b) analytically compute the vertical integrated liquid water path (LWP) variability, c) diagnose the relevant PDF-moments from cloud parameterizations, d) derive high-resolution LWP from satellite observations and e) deduce the LWP statistics by aggregating the LWP onto boxes equivalent to the GCM grid size. On this basis, this work shows that it is possible to evaluate the sub-grid scale variability of cloud parameterizations in terms of cloud variables. Differences among the PDF types increase with complexity, in particular the more advanced cloud parameterizations can make use of their double Gaussian PDF in conditions, where cumulus convection forms a separate mode with respect to the remainder of the grid-box. Therefore it is concluded that the difference between unimodal and bimodal PDFs is more important, than the shape within each mode. However the simulations and their evaluation reveals that the advanced parameterizations do not take full advantage of their abilities and their statistical relationships are broadly similar to less complex PDF shapes, while the results from observations and cloud resolving simulations indicate even more complex distributions. Therefore this work suggests that the use of less complex PDF shapes might yield a better trade-off. With increasing model resolution initial weaknesses of simpler, e.g. unimodal PDFs, will be diminished. While cloud schemes for coarseresolved models need to parameterize multiple cloud regimes per grid-box, higher spatial resolution of future GCMs will separate them better, so that the unimodal approximation improves.
Native-speakerism and ‘hidden curricula’ in ELT training

Issues surrounding native-speakerism in ELT have been investigated from a diverse range of research perspectives over the last decade. This study uses a duoethnographic approach in order to explore the concept of a 'hidden curriculum' that instils and perpetuates Western 'native speaker' norms and values in the formal and informal training of English language teachers. We found that, despite differences in our own individual training experiences, a form of 'hidden curriculum' was apparent that had a powerful effect on our initial beliefs and practices as teachers and continues to influence our day-to-day teaching.
CONVERGING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: AN OPPORTUNITY OR A THREAT?

Increasing similarity in the digital technologies on which products in several distinct industries are based has lead to the speculation that products in these industries will converge. Such convergence, while making products more valuable also increases the similarity between products supplied by different industries thereby causing the boundaries between these industries to blur. This presents both a significant opportunity and a grave threat to firms and forces them to alter their business models and strategy to fit the realities of the new environment. In this paper, we model conflicting firm incentives to produce converged products in the presence of converging digital technologies and derive implications for firms’ product portfolio and product design choices.
ARGO-YBJ OBSERVATION OF THE LARGE-SCALE COSMIC RAY ANISOTROPY DURING THE SOLAR MINIMUM BETWEEN CYCLES 23 AND 24

This paper reports on the measurement of the large-scale anisotropy in the distribution of cosmic-ray arrival directions using the data collected by the air shower detector ARGO-YBJ from 2008 January to 2009 December, during the minimum of solar activity between cycles 23 and 24. In this period, more than 2 × 1011 showers were recorded with energies between ∼1 and 30 TeV. The observed two-dimensional distribution of cosmic rays is characterized by two wide regions of excess and deficit, respectively, both of relative intensity ∼10−3 with respect to a uniform flux, superimposed on smaller size structures. The harmonic analysis shows that the large-scale cosmic-ray relative intensity as a function of R.A. can be described by the first and second terms of a Fouries series. The high event statistics allow the study of the energy dependence of the anistropy, showing that the amplitude increases with energy, with a maximum intensity at ∼10 TeV, and then decreases while the phase slowly shifts toward lower values of R.A. with increasing energy. The ARGO-YBJ data provide accurate observations over more than a decade of energy around this feature of the anisotropy spectrum.