Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Musical Hallucinations Induced by Conventional Doses of Paroxetine

Patient: Female, 22-year-old Final Diagnosis: Depression • panic disorder Symptoms: Musical hallucinations Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Pharmacology and Pharmacy • Psychiatry Objective: Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment Background: A musical hallucination (MH) is a type of auditory hallucination, and is defined as hearing music, sounds, or songs in the absence of external auditory stimuli. There are several case reports of conventional doses of tri- or tetracyclic antidepressants inducing MHs, but no such report for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Here we report a case of a patient with MHs induced by conventional doses of paroxetine. Case Report: The patient was a 22-year-old woman with panic disorder (PD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). On the 10th day of treatment with paroxetine 20 mg/d, olanzapine 5 mg/d, and lorazepam 1.5 mg/d, she developed MHs such as “an opera song sung by a female singer. ” The MHs occurred several times a day, and once continued for 5 to 10 min. Because of a suspicion of paroxetine-induced MHs and poor clinical improvement, paroxetine was reduced and discontinued on the 31st day, whereas venlafaxine was started and increased to 75 mg/d. Two days after the discontinuation of paroxetine, the MHs disappeared and symptoms of PD and MDD were much improved. Several weeks later, in response to a negative life event, her symptoms of PD and MDD returned to the original levels, but MHs were not observed. Conclusions: The present report suggests that conventional doses of paroxetine can induce MHs, which are most likely ascribable to the anticholinergic effects of the drug. This adverse effect should be differentially diagnosed from psychotic symptoms arising from psychiatric disorders, especially MDD.
Development of relative potency estimates for PAHs and hydrocarbon combustion product fractions compared to benzo(a)pyrene and their use in carcinogenic risk assessments

As an extension of the work started in a previous contract (EPA 68-02-4403, April 1988), various approaches for estimating the carcinogenic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) mixtures were investigated. The approach uses the two-stage model described in the previous contract work to convert the tumor incidence data in a variety of bioassays to a low-dose linear slope of the dose-response curve. The potency of mixtures and components of mixtures is expressed as a fraction of the potency of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), which is treated as a reference standard. The basic assumption of the method is that the relative potency of the mixture is the weighted average of the relative potency of the components. The method is applied to data generated by a single group of investigators on lung cancer in female Osborne-Mendel rats induced by implantation of test material in the lung. Diesel engine exhaust, gasoline engine exhaust, flue gas condensate from coal-fired furnances and sidestream cigarette smoke were tested, along with their identified chemical components and solvent-extracted components. Of nine different procedures for evaluating the relative potency of combustion product mixtures from their components, the most accurate one assumes that the relative potency of the solvent-extracted fraction containing greatermore » than three rings is equal to B(a)P.« less
THE CONVENTIONAL IDENTITY OF CHIROPRACTIC AND ITS NEGATIVE SKEW

Objective: To discuss the professional identify of chiropractic as evident in the profession’s literature. Methods: Structured literature review followed by a pragmatic historical narrative of found artefacts. Results: The literature appears vague regarding chiropractic’s identity. Discussion: The literature does allow a broad determination that the identity of chiropractic is unimodal gathered around the founding premise of DD Palmer with an informed prediction of a left-skewed, negative distribution of concessional chiropractors representing no more than 30% of all. It appears this minority becomes more dogmatic as it concedes elements of conventional identity and adopts extreme evidence-based musculoskeletal medicine to become a sect of about 0.2% of all. About 70% of chiropractors identify with subluxation in an evidence-informed context and I call this representation the conventional chiropractic identity. Conclusion: The identity of chiropractic may now be described as conventional when its practitioners adhere to the profession’s founding precepts, or concessional when it modifies or ignores these. The majority of the profession can be considered conventional.
Seasonal Forecast Skill of ENSO Teleconnection Maps

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant source of seasonal climate predictability. This study quantifies the historical impact of ENSO on seasonal precipitation through an update of the global ENSO teleconnection maps of Mason and Goddard. Many additional teleconnections are detected due to better handling of missing values and 20 years of additional, higher quality data. These global teleconnection maps are used as deterministic and probabilistic empirical seasonal forecasts in a verification study. The probabilistic empirical forecast model outperforms climatology in the tropics demonstrating the value of a forecast derived from the expected precipitation anomalies given the ENSO phase. Incorporating uncertainty due to SST prediction shows that teleconnection maps are skillful in predicting tropical precipitation up to a lead time of 4 months. The historical IRI seasonal forecasts generally outperform the empirical forecasts made with the teleconnection maps, demonstrating the additional value of state-of-the-art dynamical-based seasonal forecast systems. Additionally, the probabilistic empirical seasonal forecasts are proposed as reference forecasts for future skill assessments of real-time seasonal forecast systems.
Expiration-Day Effects on Index Futures: Evidence from Indian Market

Nifty Bank Index has started trading in futures and options (F&O) segment from 13th June 2005 in National Stock Exchange. The purpose of the study is to enhance the literature by examining expiration effect on the price volatility and price reversal of Underlying Index in India. Historical data used for the current study primarily comprise of daily close prices of Nifty Bank which is the only equity sectoral index in India which is traded in derivatives market and its Future contract value is derived from the underlying CNX Bank Index during the period 1st January 2010 till 31st March 2020. To check stationarity of the data, Augmented Dicky Fuller test was used. The study employed ARMA- EGARCH model for analysing the data. The empirical results revealed that there is no effect on the mean returns of underlying Index and EGARCH (1,1) model furthermore shows there is existence of leverage effect in the Bank Index i.e., negative shocks causes more fluctuations in the Index than positive news of similar magnitude. The outcome of the study specifies that there is no effect on volatility on the underlying sectoral index due to expiration days and also observed no price reversal effect once the expiration days are over.
Autism and inclusive practices: mothers speak out

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to explore the role of Mothers of young adults on the autism spectrum in Australia, during the transition to adulthood. Data collected through interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis resulting in two themes relevant to autism and inclusive practices: Inclusion Support and Mothers’ Support. The findings showed that organisational pressure in meeting key educational performance outcomes influenced inclusive practices specifically for young adults on the autism spectrum who were deemed to require high levels of support. The inclusion support theme highlighted that schools, universities, and employers viewed Autism Spectrum Disorder through a deficit lens, with young adults on the autism spectrum positioned as low achievers. Whilst there are policies supporting inclusive education in Australia, individuals on the autism spectrum continue to experience inequity and exclusion, which were challenged by Mothers’ persistence and reflected in the second theme on Mothers Support. The findings highlight the need for educational and socially inclusive interventions to support the heterogeneity in individual, social, communication, and behavioural challenges in young adults on the autism spectrum.
Vapor-Phase Furfural Decarbonylation over a High-Performance Catalyst of 1%Pt/SBA-15

A high-performance Pt catalyst supported on SBA-15 was developed for furfural decarbonylation. Compared to Pt catalysts loaded on microporous DeAl-Hbeta zeolite and hierarchical micro-mesoporous MFI nanosheet (NS) materials, the 1%Pt/SBA-15 catalyst afforded notably higher activity, furan selectivity and stability owing to the negligible acid sites and proper mesopores on the SBA-15 support. Among a set of 1%Pt/SBA-15 catalysts bearing Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes of 2.4–4.3 nm, the catalyst with 3.7 nm Pt NPs afforded the highest furan selectivity. Over the optimal catalyst, 88.6% furan selectivity and ca. 90% furfural conversion were obtained at 573 K and a high weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 16.5 h−1. Moreover, the reaction temperatures at 440–573 K and the ratios of H2 to furfural at 0.79–9.44 did not affect the reaction selectivity notably, showing that the reaction over 1%Pt/SBA-15 can be conducted over a wide range of conditions. The catalyst was stable under the harsh reaction conditions and lasted for 90 h without significant deactivation, demonstrating the superior property of SBA-15 as a catalyst support for furfural decarbonylation.
An improved agglomerative hierarchical clustering anomaly detection method for scientific data

Anomaly detection tries to find out the data that disobeys the rule of majority data or expected patterns. The traditional hierarchical clustering algorithms have been adopted to detect anomaly, but have the disadvantages of low effectiveness and unstability. So we propose an improved agglomerative hierarchical clustering method for anomaly detection. It dynamically adjusts the optimum clustering number according to the self‐defined criterion to save the trouble of manually picking clustering number, and determines the optimum clustering distance mode according to cophenetic correlation coefficient to reduce the procedure of manually testing the suitable distance mode in each iteration. The performances of proposed method are verified on tensile test, HTRU2 and credit card dataset. Compared with the traditional methods, our method possesses the most comprehensive performance (the highest F‐measure with less iterations), which shows effectiveness of anomaly detection. And compared with the traditional methods (single, complete, average, and centroid mode), our method achieves the best performance on tensile test and HTRU2 dataset, showing stronger generalization. Compared with other methods (Decision + Gradient Boosted Tree, Decision Trees + Decision Stump, etc) on credit card dataset, our method obtains similar accuracy, and ranks in the top level in the aspect of sensitivity.
Polymer dynamics in 3PEG–LiClO4–TiO2 nanocomposite polymer electrolytes

The microscopic polymer dynamics in nanocomposite polymer electrolytes has been investigated using quasielastic neutron scattering experiments. Four samples based on the fully amorphous copolymer trihydroxy poly(ethylene oxide-co-propylene oxide) (3PEG) were investigated: 3PEG, 3PEG 1.5 mol/kg LiClO4, 3PEG 1.5 mol/kg LiClO4 10 wt % TiO2, and 3PEG 1.5 mol/kg LiClO4 20 wt % TiO2. In addition to a slow relaxation giving rise to elastic scattering, at least two dynamical processes were observed: a fast, local chain motion and a slower diffusive segmental motion. No changes of the quasielastic peak widths could be observed between the filled or unfilled composites; however, the elastic scattering of the sample was found to increase upon addition of the filler to the polymer electrolyte. The results indicate the presence of a roughly 5-nm-thick immobilized polymer layer (∼5 vol %) around filler particles, while the dynamics of the bulk polymer (∼95 vol %) is not influenced by the filler. The results imply that .
Förderfaktoren und Barrieren der Medikamentenadhärenz von Rehabilitanden mit kardiologischen Erkrankungen – Eine qualitative Befragung

Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Die Medikamentenadhärenz von Menschen mit chronischen Erkrankungen ist häufig defizitär. Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte Förderfaktoren und Barrieren bezüglich der Umsetzung von ärztlich verordneter Medikation bei Rehabilitanden mit kardiologischen Erkrankungen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation. Methodik Es wurden N=22 Rehabilitanden mit kardiologischen Erkrankungen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation mithilfe eines leitfadengestützten Interviews befragt. Alle Interviews wurden digital aufgezeichnet und wörtlich transkribiert. Die Analyse der Interviews erfolgte softwaregestützt (MAXQDA 12) nach dem zusammenfassenden inhaltsanalytischen Ansatz von Mayring. Die Hauptkategorien (Barrieren/Förderfaktoren) wurden deduktiv und die Subkategorien induktiv entwickelt. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 698 Textstellen in 22 Dokumenten codiert, im Durchschnitt 32 pro Interview (SD=13.2; Range 12–65). Die in der Hauptkategorie Barrieren vergebenen 370 Nennungen verteilen sich auf 13 Subkategorien (u. a. Sorglosigkeit, Mangelnde Informiertheit, Vorbehalte, Belastungen, Vergesslichkeit). Die in der Hauptkategorie Förderfaktoren vergebenen 328 Aussagen konnten 14 Subkategorien zugeordnet werden (u. a. Individuelle Strategien, Informiertheit, Hilfsmittel, Behandlungseinsicht, Kommunikation). Schlussfolgerung Die Befunde legen nahe, dass eine mangelnde Medikamentenadhärenz v. a. durch ein individualisiertes Barrierenmanagement, das auf mehreren Ebenen ansetzen muss, verbessert werden kann.
Possible Role of Lysine Demethylase 2A in the Pathophysiology of Psoriasis

Background Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. The development of psoriasis is dependent on many intercellular events such as innate immunity and T cell-mediated inflammation. Furthermore, genetic factors are strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. Although a variety of susceptible genes are identified, it is likely that many important genes remain undisclosed. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the possible role of lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A) in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. Methods We examined the expression of KDM2A using a well established imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis model. Results Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that expression of KDM2A was increased in imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis. Consistent with this result, KDM2A level was markedly increased in the epidermis of psoriatic patient. When keratinocytes were stimulated with TLR3 agonist poly(I:C), KDM2A was increased at both the mRNA and protein levels. Poly(I:C) increased the expression of psoriasis-related cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-8, and CCL20, and KDM2A inhibitor daminozide enhanced the poly(I:C)-induced cytokine expression. Finally, topical co-application of imiquimod and daminozide exacerbated the imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis. Conclusion Together, these results suggest that KDM2A is increased to negatively regulate the inflammatory reaction of epidermal keratinocytes in psoriasis.
New Structuralism and Field Emergence: The Co-constitution of Meanings and Actors in the Early Moments of Social Impact Investing

Field emergence poses an intriguing problem for institutional theorists. New issue fields often arise at the intersection of different sectors, amidst extant structures of meanings and actors. Such nascent fields are fragmented and lack clear guides for action; making it unclear how they ever coalesce. The authors propose that provisional social structures provide actors with macrosocial presuppositions that shape ongoing field-configuration; bootstrapping the field. The authors explore this empirically in the context of social impact investing in the UK, 2000–2013, a period in which this field moved from clear fragmentation to relative alignment. The authors combine different computational text analysis methods, and data from an extensive field-level study, to uncover meaningful patterns of interaction and structuration. Our results show that across various periods, different types of actors were linked together in discourse through “actor–meaning couplets. ” These emergent couplings of actors and meanings provided actors with social cues, or macrofoundations, which guided their local activities. The authors thus theorize a recursive, co-constitutive process: as punctuated moments of interaction generate provisional structures of actor–meaning couplets, which then cue actors as they navigate and constitute the emerging field. Our model re-energizes the core tenets of new structuralism and contributes to current debates about institutional emergence and change.
High genetic diversity in the clonal aquatic weed Alternanthera philoxeroides in the United States

Abstract The distribution of genetic diversity in invasive plant populations can have important management implications. Alligatorweed [Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. ] was introduced into the United States around 1900 and has since spread throughout much of the southern United States and California. A successful biological control program was initiated in the late 1960s that reduced A. philoxeroides in the southern United States, although control has varied geographically. The degree to which variation among genotypes may be responsible for variation in control efficacy has not been well studied due to a lack of genetic data. We sampled 373 plants from 90 sites across the United States and genotyped all samples at three chloroplast regions to help inform future management efforts. Consistent with clonal spread, there was high differentiation between sites, yet we found six haplotypes and high haplotype diversity (mean h = 0.48) across states, suggesting this plant has been introduced multiple times. Two of the haplotypes correspond to previously described biotypes that differ in their susceptibility to herbicides and herbivory. The geographic distribution of the three common haplotypes varied by latitude and longitude, while the other haplotypes were widespread or localized to one or a few sites. All the haplotypes we screened are hexaploid (6n = 102), which may enhance biological control. Future studies can use these genetic data to determine whether genotypes differ in their invasiveness or respond differently to control measures. Some states, for instance, have mainly a single haplotype that may respond more uniformly to a single control strategy, whereas other states may require a variety of control strategies. These data will also provide the basis for identifying the source regions in South America, which may lead to the discovery of new biological control agents more closely matched to particular genotypes.
ATR–FTIR detection of ≤ 25 μg/L Aqueous Cyanide, Perchlorate, and PFOS

Attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR–FTIR) sensors have been developed that can detect polyatomic anions in aqueous solution in the micrograms‐per‐litre range. The ability to detect and potentially quantify aqueous anions is important for several applications including groundwater, surface water, and wastewater testing. The surface of a commercially available ATR crystal was modified with highly selective films of organometallic extractants, resulting in sensitivity enhancements of three to five orders of magnitude relative to the unmodified crystal. No pretreatment of the aqueous solution was required for the detection and identification of three analytes. Detection limits for cyanide, perchlorate, and perfluorooctylsulfonate using the modified crystal were 5, 3, and 25 μg/L, respectively, for 60‐min analyses. The significance of this work is the prospect that a common and easily portable spectroscopic technique can be used to detect and identify aqueous anions at microgram‐per‐litre concentrations—in favorable cases even in the presence of competing anions.
The Development of Enhanced Raman Scattering for the Trace Analysis of Biomolecules

The University of ManchesterDavid Paul CowcherDoctor of PhilosophyThe Development of Enhanced Raman Scattering for the Trace Analysis of Biomolecules27th September 2013Raman spectroscopy is an established analytical technique for determining molecular structure, whose major drawback is lack of sensitivity. Enhanced Raman scattering techniques, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS), utilise nanoscale substrates to enhance the Raman signal through the interaction of surface charges with the incident electromagnetic radiation.Here, nanoparticle-based SERS was used to detect dipicolinic acid (DPA), a biomarker for bacterial spores. Whilst this has been demonstrated previously, the use of a different nanoparticle aggregation mechanism and the inclusion of an internal standard has enabled a SERS detection method to be developed that is quantitative to almost an order of magnitude lower than previously reported. Moreover, for the first time, a nanoparticle-based SERS method was applied to the detection of viable Bacillus spores.Investigations were made into the possibility of SERS enhancement using deep UV laser excitation at 244 nm using a novel boron nitride surface material. This semiconductor has a band gap of comparable magnitude to the laser excitation wavelength and therefore had the potential to impart a SERS enhancement via a chemical enhancement mechanism. Whilst initial results looked promising using Rhodamine 6G as a test analyte, it was not possible to demonstrate reproducibly and no enhancement was observed on other analytes that were tested.TERS was shown to be able to discriminate between glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms of protein molecules, based on the measurement of just a few molecules at a time. This was achieved even without control of the protein interaction with the TERS substrate. The vibrational peak positions in TERS experiments were shown to be highly dependent on the analyte? s orientation relative to the TERS tip, giving variable and complex spectral data. As such, the data processing and analysis methods had to be carefully considered in order to eliminate bias.Lastly, a novel SERS detector for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was built and tested. It was shown to be able to quantify purine bases from mixtures in tandem with, and in lower amounts than the conventionally used UV absorbance detection, even when the analyte peaks were co-eluting. This quantitative analysis is conducted on-line and in real-time, making it applicable to high throughput applications.Together the four research projects presented in this thesis make a significant contribution to the field of enhanced Raman scattering and promote its sensitivity and reproducibility as a quantitative analytical technique for the trace analysis of biomolecules.