Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening of phytochemicals, toxicities, and activities of three Dillenia species

Introduction: Plants containing β-sitosterol and oleamide are important for various diseases. So, Dillenia indica, D. obovata, and D. pentagyna were investigated for phytochemicals, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity levels on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and Hela cells. The protective effect of D. pentagyna extract on a HepG2 cell line was also investigated. Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for phytochemical analysis. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction (MTT) and comet assays were performed for toxicity testing and protective effects against DNA oxidative damage. Results: The major components were oleamide and β-sitosterol at 38.464-58.247% and 5.585-6.887% with concentration and quantity of β-sitosterol at 0.2-0.37 mg/mL and 0.42-0.964 mg/g leaf. The D. indica, D. obovata, and D. pentagyna toxicities on PBMCs showed IC50 values at >430, >430, and 350 μg/mL respectively, with no significant DNA damage (P > 0.05) compared to the negative control group. All plant extracts showed toxic activity on Hela cell with IC50 values at <0.43 μg/mL and induced significant DNA damage (P < 0.05) compared to the negative control group. Conversely, the activity of the D. pentagyna extract indicated low cytotoxic activity against HepG2 (IC50>430 μg/mL), no significant (P > 0.05) DNA damage induction, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased DNA damage level, and tremendous antioxidant effect. Additionally, a combined mixture of all plants in an equal proportion revealed no IC50 value and insignificant DNA damage. Conclusion: All the studied species contained oleamide and β-sitosterol, with toxicity on Hela cells without toxicity on PBMC. The D. pentagyna species showed high antioxidant effects and no toxicity on HepG2.
Tomato Production and Weed Control in Notillage Versus Conventional Tillage

Field studies were conducted in 1983 and 1984 to evaluate the feasibility of growing fresh-market tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘Floradade’) in no-tillage or conventional tillage systems and to evaluate the efficacy of postemergence herbicides under both tillage systems. In 1983, marketable fruit yields in no-tillage were nearly twice those from conventional tillage. In 1984, there were no statistical differences in marketable yields among herbicide treatments or between tillage systems. Yields were higher in 1984 than in 1983, largely due to more favorable growing conditions. In both years, metribuzin provided good broadleaf weed control. In 1983, annual grasses were better controlled in no-tillage with a sequential metribuzin application for fluazifop following metribuzin than with a single metribuzin application. Marketable yields were highest in plots where annual grasses were adequately controlled. Sequential metribuzin applications provided good broadleaf weed control and postemergence grass herbicides each provided excellent annual grass control in 1984. Chemical names used: (±)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid (fluazifop); 4-amino-6-(1,1-diemthylethyl)-3-(methyIthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one (metribuzin).
Study of composite elastic elements for transfemoral prostheses: the MyLeg Project

In order to develop a new prosthesis that can introduce new features or that combines features that other prostheses have but separately, it is necessary to know what already exists on the market and what has already been studied and proposed in the literature. For this reason, a state-of-the-art study has been carried out by the author, with the intention of understanding how foot prostheses are currently. The results of the study are then presented in this chapter. The four categories of foot prostheses found by the author will be described and the most important prosthetic devices in the literature will be presented. From the analysis of the state of the art it may be useful to understand what to propose as a new prosthesis, with new or existing technologies but put together to ensure that the prosthesis can replicate as much as possible the behavior of the healthy human foot.
Nanotechnological Interventions in Agriculture

Agriculture is an important sector that plays an important role in providing food to both humans and animals. In addition, this sector plays an important role in the world economy. Changes in climatic conditions and biotic and abiotic stresses cause significant damage to agricultural production around the world. Therefore, the development of sustainable agricultural techniques is becoming increasingly important keeping in view the growing population and its demands. Nanotechnology provides important tools to different industrial sectors, and nowadays, the use of nanotechnology is focused on achieving a sustainable agricultural system. Great attention has been given to the development and optimization of nanomaterials and their application in the agriculture sector to improve plant growth and development, plant health and protection and overall performance in terms of morphological and physiological activities. The present communication provides up-to-date information on nanotechnological interventions in the agriculture sector. The present review deals with nanoparticles, their types and the role of nanotechnology in plant growth, development, pathogen detection and crop protection, its role in the delivery of genetic material, plant growth regulators and agrochemicals and its role in genetic engineering. Moreover, the role of nanotechnology in stress management is also discussed. Our aim in this review is to aid researchers to learn quickly how to use plant nanotechnology for improving agricultural production.
Exposure to substance and current substance among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste

Few studies have examined how exposure to substance influences adolescent’s use of substance in Timor-Leste. We assessed this relationship using nationally representative data from Timor-Leste to address this gap. Data was pulled from the 2015 Timor-Leste Global school-based student health survey. Data of students aged 13-17years (N = 3700) from class 7–11 across schools in Timor-Leste were analyzed for this study. Second-hand smoking exposure (AOR = 1.57 [1.31, 1.89] and parental tobacco use, AOR = 1.94 [1.54, 2.44]) was significantly related to in-school adolescent’s current use of substance after adjusting for covariates. Current substance use was also positively associated with being male, being in class 10–12, and being food insecure and negatively associated with having at least three close friends and benefiting from parental supervision. To reduce substance use among in-school adolescents, policymakers must consider the inclusion of all models in the social learning environment of adolescents in Timor-Leste.
One-Pot Preparation of HTPB/nNi and Its Catalyst for AP

The liquid phase reduction method is a common method used for preparing nano-nickel powder (nNi). However, the nNi surface is easily oxidized to form nickel oxide film, which affects its performance. In this work, nNi was prepared using anhydrous ethanol as a solvent and hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent. Furthermore, HTPB/nNi composites were prepared using hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as a coating agent. The structure and morphology of the samples are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The catalytic behavior of HTPB/nNi on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TG). The results show that HTPB/nNi has little effect on the low temperature thermal decomposition of AP, but the peak of high temperature thermal decomposition advances from 456 °C to 332 °C.
Effects of Rootstock on Leaf Element Content of ‘Italian’ Prune (Prunus domestica L.)1

Plantings of the ‘Italian’ prune (P. domestica L.) were established on seedling peach (P. persica L. Batsch) and clonal Myrobalan 29-C, B, 2-7 (P. cerasifera, Ehrh.); Marianna 4001, 2623, 2624 (P. cerasifera × Munsoniana? , Wight and Hedr.); and St. Julien A (P. insititia L. Bullace) rootstocks in 7 orchard sites in Oregon. Leaf samples were collected in the years 1968 to 1970 and analyzed for element content. Trees with plum rootstocks had greater leaf N, K, Mn, and Zn and slightly less B and Mg than those on peach. Plum clones, Myrobalan 29-C, Myrobalan B, and St. Julien A, were more efficient in the uptake of Ca. There were positive correlations between N and Ca, N and Mg, N and B, N and Zn, Ca and Mg, Ca and B, and Mg and B for most of the stocks. There was a negative correlation between K and Mg for Myrobalan 2-7 and the 3 Marianna clones. Myrobalan B and Marianna 2623 and 2624 had a negative corrleation for K and Ca whereas St. Julien A had a positive correlation.
An Adaptive Algorithm for Multipath Mitigation in GNSS Positioning with Android Smartphones

We present a solution for improving the robustness of GNSS positioning with Android devices. The proposed method combines an acquisition phase performed in a dedicated Android app (thus working on the edge) and a processing phase, based on a modified version of the open source library RTKLIB, performed on a dedicated server. The processing phase applies an improved version of the RTK library based on an adaptive algorithm for mitigating the multipath effect on satellite radio signals received by smartphone’s antennas. The algorithm is built on top of an extended version of the sigma-epsilon model in which weights associated to observables potentially affected by multipath errors are computed using logged data. In the paper, we will focus our attention on the architecture of the proposed solution and discuss preliminary experimental results obtained with the resulting system.
The COVID-19 infodemic in Brazil: trends in Google search data

Background Since the beginning of the new coronavirus pandemic, there has been much information about the disease and the virus has been in the spotlight, shared and commented upon on the Internet. However, much of this information is infodemics and can interfere with the advancement of the disease and that way that populations act. Thus, Brazil is a country that requires attention, as despite the fact that in almost two years of pandemic it has shown a devastating numbers of deaths and number of cases, and generates false, distorted and malicious news about the pandemic. This work intends to understand the attitudes of the Brazilian population using infodemic queries from the Google Trends search tool and social and income variables. Methods Data from infodemic research carried out on Google Trends, between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021, with socioeconomic data, such as income and education, were unified in a single database: standardization and exploratory and multivalued techniques based on grouping were used in the study. Results In the analysis of the search trend of infodemic terms, it is clear that the categories of Prevention and Beliefs should stand out in Brazil, where there is a diverse culture. It is followed by the COVID-19 Treatment category, with treatments that were not those recommended by the authorities. Income transfer programs and information on socioeconomic variables did not have much impact on infodemic surveys, but it was observed that states where President Bolsonaro has more supporters had researched more infodemic information. Conclusions In a country as geographically large as Brazil, it is important that political authorities go to great lengths to disseminate reliable information and monitor the infodemic in the media and on the internet. It was concluded that the denial of the pandemic and the influence of political leaders influenced the search for infodemic information, contributing to a disorganization in the control of the disease and prevention measures.
Short Communication: Molecular study of bacteria isolated from meat and chicken frozen from Misan Governorate market in Iraq

Abstract. Husain DA, Aziz ZS. 2021. Short Communication: Molecular study of bacteria isolated from meat and chicken frozen from Misan Governorate market in Iraq. Biodiversitas 23: 81-86. Food contamination is frequently defined as spoiled or tainted foods because they contain microorganisms, such as fungi, bacteria, parasites, or toxic substances that make them unfit for consumption. In this study, one hundred meat and chicken Frozen products samples were collected randomly from the commercial markets in Misan Governorate, Iraq from November 2020 to April 2021, included: (burger – sausage – kebab – shawarma – minced meat) of meat and (chest-thigh-liver-burger-kebab) of Chicken. The results of aerobic plate count showed that all meat and chicken products were contaminated with bacteria, but the imported products were more contaminated than the local products. Our study included the isolation and diagnosis of eighteen bacterial species by using routine and standard bacteriological tests. The results showed that Gram-negative bacteria were common in meat products (52%) and Gram-positive bacteria represented 48%. In chicken samples, the Gram-positive bacteria was most dominant (59%) while the percentage of Gram-negative bacteria was 41%. Monoplex PCR was used to identify eighteen bacterial strains using a universal 16S rRNA primer that gave 1500 bp amplification product, nucleotide sequences were studied at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (Nucleotide BLAST). The diagnosed bacteria were Aeromonas veronii, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, Acinetobacter lwofii, Aeromonas veronii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas japonica, Pseudomonas songnenensis, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae, Psychrobacter sanguinis, Klebsiella pneumoniae strain, Acinetobacter lwofii, Lysinibacillus boronitolerans, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterobacter hormaechei, Pseudomonas putida strain, Serratia liquefaciens strain, Comamonas testosterone strain, and Methylogaea oryzae strain which recorded in the Gene Bank belong to different accession numbers.
Changing Preferences for a Cervical Cancer Screening Strategy: Moving Away from Annual Testing

Background: While annual cytology has not been recommended for many years, it remains many patients' preferred screening strategy for cervical cancer. Patient education and provider recommendations have been found effective in aligning professional society guidelines with patient preferences. We assessed whether an educational video with value elicitation exercises (utility assessments) changed screening strategy preferences among patients who had an initial preference for annual screening. Materials and Methods: We conducted an interventional study of English- or Spanish-speaking women 21–65 years of age, recruited from two women's health clinics in San Francisco, California (n = 262). Participants were asked about their preferred method of screening before viewing a 7-minute educational video and using a computerized tool that elicited values for 23 different health states related to cervical cancer screening. Directly afterward, they were again asked about their preferred screening strategy. Multivariable regression analysis was utilized to identify independent predictors of changing preferences. Results: Of 246 enrollees, 62.6% (154/246) had an initial preference for annual cytology; after viewing the video and completing the values elicitation exercises, about half (72/154, 47%) preferred a strategy other than annual screening. Having attended college and being screened every 3 to 5 years in the recent past were independent predictors of changing preferences away from annual screening. In sensitivity analyses, 53.2% of average-risk participants changed preferences away from annual cytology (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Viewing an educational video and conducting a series of value elicitation exercises were associated with a substantially decreased likelihood of preferring annual screening. These findings underscore the importance of patient-centered education to help support informed patient preferences.
Reinforcement Learning Based Latency Minimization in Secure NOMA-MEC Systems With Hybrid SIC

In this paper, physical layer security (PLS) in a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based mobile edge computing (MEC) system is investigated, where hybrid successive interference cancellation (SIC) decoding is considered. Specifically, users intend to complete confidential tasks with the help of the MEC server, while an eavesdropper attempts to intercept the offloaded tasks. By jointly designing computational resource allocation, task assignment, and power allocation, a latency minimization problem is formulated. Based on the interactions between local computing time and MEC processing time, the closed-from solutions of computational resource allocation and task assignment are derived. After that, a strategy selection mechanism is established to select offloading strategies based on the corresponding conditions. Moreover, according to the analysis of hybrid SIC decoding, the conditions of different decoding orders in secure NOMA networks are derived. Furthermore, a reinforcement learning based algorithm is proposed to solve the power allocation problems for NOMA and OMA offloading strategies. This work is extended to a multi-user scenario, in which a matching-based algorithm is proposed to solve the formulated sub-channel assignment problem. Simulation results indicate that: i) the proposed solution can significantly reduce the latency and provide dynamic strategy selection for various scenarios; ii) the NOMA offloading strategy with hybrid SIC decoding can outperform other strategies in the considered system.
Agentività e competenze sociali: riflessioni teoriche e implicazioni per il management

Sebbene le riflessioni sul tema dell’agentivita abbiano in passato principalmente preso in considerazione l’individuo come monade, sviluppando modelli interpretativi relativi al comportamento individuale, il riconoscimento del fatto che gli esseri umani sono essenzialmente individui inter-agenti e che gli scambi sociali sono in grado di influenzare l’ambiente e il nostro comportamento in un contesto dinamico e responsivo ha comportato un ampliamento della prospettiva di studio del rapporto tra persona, contesto e comportamento. Il costrutto di agentivita, intesa come la capacita di sentirsi e giudicarsi attori responsabili del proprio agire e delle relative conseguenze della propria azione, e stato cosi affiancato dal quello di inter-agentivita, intesa come l’abilita, durante attivita condivise, di riconoscersi come agenti insieme ad altri attori sociali. La capacita di attribuire a se stessi e ad altri lo status di agente (e, quindi, una relativa quota di responsabilita) chiama in causa un complesso insieme di processi percettivi e cognitivi che guidano l’elaborazione di informazioni rilevanti, per giungere a un’adeguata lettura della realta e alla regolazione delle dinamiche inter-personali. Dato che le relazioni con altri attori sociali, il lavoro di gruppo e le dinamiche cooperative e competitive sono al cuore delle attivita di business e di management, risulta evidente la necessita di affinare la consapevolezza del nostro e dell’altrui comportamento, del modo in cui noi e i nostri interlocutori pianifichiamo e regoliamo il comportamento e di come siamo in grado di percepirci come agenti intenzionali all’interno di sistemi sociali complessi.
Principles of Magnetohydrodynamical Control of Internal and External Supersonic Flows

This paper demonstrates the possibility of active magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) control of supersonic flows containing shock waves. The shock wave configurations that occur at the inlet to a supersonic diffuser and in front of a streamlined semicylindrical model are used for the purpose of investigation. The impact is carried out by organizing local gas discharge regions when applying a magnetic field transverse to gas discharge currents. It has been shown that by changing the local region of application, the intensity and the direction of the gas discharge currents, it is possible to change the intensity and direction of the ponderomotive force acting on the gas flow during MHD interaction. The ponderomotive force control allows for acting locally on the shape and position of shock waves, the speed and direction of the flow, and the increase or reduction of pressure near the surface of the streamlined body. The experiments were carried out on a gas dynamic setup based on a shock tube in a gas dynamic path, capable of creating supersonic flows in a wide range of Mach numbers at M = 4–7. There was a possibility of organizing the electric and pulsed magnetic fields with an intensity of up to 1.5 T. The given experimental Schlieren flow patterns and the analysis of the obtained data demonstrate the MHD effect on: the change in the angle of inclination of the attached shocks, both into increase and decrease; the bow shock wave approaching the body or the removal from it; and the change in the aerodynamic drag and lift force of the streamlined bodies.
Wavelet Analysis of Dispersive Stress Waves

The time-frequency analysis of dispersive stress waves is reviewed. It is shown that the wavelet transform using the Gabor wavelet effectively decomposes the strain response into its time-frequency components, and the peaks of the time-frequency distribution indicate the arrival times of waves. The flexural waves induced in a beam by lateral impact are considered and it is shown that the wavelet transform enables us to identify the dispersion relation of the group velocity, and to estimate the impact location. In addition, the potential of using the wavelet transform for more detailed nondestructive evaluation of material damage is shown.
Exogenously Applied Rohitukine Inhibits Photosynthetic Processes, Growth and Induces Antioxidant Defense System in Arabidopsis thaliana

The secondary metabolite rohitukine has been reported in only a few plant species, including Schumanniophyton magnificum, S. problematicum, Amoora rohituka, Dysoxylum acutangulum and D. gotadhora. It has several biological activities, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, immunomodulatory, gastroprotective, anti-implantation, antidyslipidemic, anti-arthritic and anti-fertility properties. However, the ecological and physiological roles of rohitukine in parent plants have yet to be explored. Here for the first time, we tried to decipher the physiological effect of rohitukine isolated from D. gotadhora on the model system Arabidopsis thaliana. Application of 0.25 mM and 0.5 mM rohitukine concentrations moderately affected the growth of A. thaliana, whereas a remarkable decrease in growth and the alteration of various morphological, physiological and biochemical mechanisms were observed in plants that received 1.0 mM of rohitukine as compared to the untreated control. A. thaliana showed considerable dose-dependent decreases in leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight when sprayed with 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM and 1.0 mM of rohitukine. Rohitukine exposure resulted in the disruption of photosynthesis, photosystem II (PSII) activity and degradation of chlorophyll content in A. thaliana. It also triggered oxidative stress in visualized tissues through antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression levels of key genes involved in the antioxidant system, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Rohitukine-induced changes in levels of metabolites (amino acids, sugars, organic acids, etc.) were also assessed. In light of these results, we discuss (i) the likely ecological importance of rohitukine in parent plants as well as (ii) the comparison of responses to rohitukine treatment in plants and mammals.