Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrating Information Technology and Science Education for the Future: A Theoretical Review on the Educational Use of Interactive Simulations

Information technologies offer potentially powerful new environments for communicating ideas in science education. This paper critically surveys the research literature to explore ways in which secondary school teachers are using interactive simulations to enhance their students’ scientific literacy and enable their students to meet science learning goals. The Australian National Curriculum for Science notes that: “Digital aids such as animations and simulations provide opportunities to test predictions that cannot be investigated through practical experiments in the classroom and may enhance students’ understanding and engagement with science. ” Interactive simulations as ‘exploratory’ applications will be integrated with science education in this paper. The relationship between interactive simulation and science education will be discussed followed by introduction. And then, cognitive theory and related assumptions will be presented as theoretical ‘lenses’ as well as design principles which support the applications of interactive simulations in educational instructions. After critical analysis of the related studies focused on science education with information technology tools, this paper concludes with a brief discussion of future research directions in the field.
Algorithms and parameters for improved accuracy in physics data libraries

Recent efforts for the improvement of the accuracy of physics data libraries used in particle transport are summarized. Results are reported about a large scale validation analysis of atomic parameters used by major Monte Carlo systems (Geant4, EGS, MCNP, Penelope etc.); their contribution to the accuracy of simulation observables is documented. The results of this study motivated the development of a new atomic data management software package, which optimizes the provision of state-of-the-art atomic parameters to physics models. The effect of atomic parameters on the simulation of radioactive decay is illustrated. Ideas and methods to deal with physics models applicable to different energy ranges in the production of data libraries, rather than at runtime, are discussed.
Research on Building Salt Lake Domain Ontology Based on Process-Oriented

Recent research on knowledge representation demonstrated that the more clearly domain concepts, the higher accuracy of the information extraction. Accounting that the ontology with an advantage in the aspects of the concept representation, it can be introduced to the Salt Lake domain to construct the domain ontology, and will convenience for the future of information extraction and retrieval. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a process-oriented domain ontology construction method which through comparative analysis of the domestic and international typical domain ontology construction method, and combined with the characteristics of the Salt Lake field, not only more comprehensive representation of the characteristics of the domain, but also has better logic and relevance.
Time-optimal interception of objects moving along topologically varying paths

In this paper, the online planning of gross robot motion for target interception is considered within the context of an active prediction planning and execution (APPE) strategy. The objective is to plan online an optimal robot trajectory such that the robot end-effector and the object will arrive simultaneously at a planned pre-grasping rendezvous-point. Three issues must be addressed: rendezvous-point planning, optimal robot trajectory planning, and re-planning in response to gross changes in the predicted target-path. Solutions to the first two problems are reviewed, and the third issue is considered herein. A strategy which determines when re-planning is necessary, modifies the rendezvous-point, and re-plans a "patch-trajectory" is proposed.
MMSE turbo receiver for space-frequency bit-interleaved coded OFDM

This paper considers transmission of OFDM modulated signals over MIMO frequency-selective fading channels. To benefit from diversity, coding is introduced in the space and frequency dimensions by means of bit-interleaved coded modulation. Assuming the OFDM cyclic extension works properly, MIMO space equalization has to be performed for each individual tone. A set of low-complexity MMSE SISO equalizers, achieving both spatial-interference mitigation and demodulation, is used. This set of MMSE equalizers exchanges soft information with the SISO decoder according to the turbo principle. The performance of this scheme is illustrated by computer simulations for quasistatic frequency-selective channels. It is shown that this receiver is able to exploit space and frequency diversity.
Combinatorial optimization:Algorithms and complexity

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Extending relevance feedback with a group-based user interface

In the traditional user interfaces of Query-by-Example (QbE) in Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR), finding good combinations of query examples is essential for successful retrieval. Unfortunately, the traditional user interfaces are not suitable for trying different combinations of query examples. These systems assumed query examples are added incrementally. The only way to refine the query was to add more example images. When no additional example is found in the result set, the search is considered to have converged. Furthermore, no place was provided to hold previous query results. We are developing ImageGrouper, a new interface for Content-based image retrieval. In this system, the users can interactively compare different combinations of query examples by dragging and grouping images on the workspace (Query-by-Group.) Unlike the traditional systems, a group of images is considered as the basic unit of the query. Because the query results are displayed on another pane, the user can quickly review the results. Combining different query results is also easier. ImageGrouper makes possible new image search methods that were difficult in the traditional user interfaces. First, since the user can annotate text information on each group, integration of keyword-based and content-based search becomes easy. Second, by creating a hierarchy of query examples, the user can begin with collecting relatively generic image first, then narrow down the search to more specific images. Finally, the user can create multiple groups of positive examples. Therefore, we can extend relevance feedback algorithms from two-classes problem (positive and negative) to multiple-classes problem (multiple positive and negative classes.)
Face Detection by Image Discriminating

Human face recognition systems have gained a considerable attention during last few years. There are very many applications with respect to security, sensitivity and secrecy. Face detection is the most important and first step of recognition system. Human face is non rigid and has very many variations regarding image conditions, size, resolution, poses and rotation. Its accurate and robust detection has been a challenge for the researcher. A number of methods and techniques are proposed but due to a huge number of variations no one technique is much successful for all kinds of faces and images. Some methods are exhibiting good results in certain conditions and others are good with different kinds of images. Image discriminating techniques are widely used for pattern and image analysis. Common discriminating methods are discussed.
Quality of service and new architectures for future telecommunications networks

In data networks, the most used protocol is the IP protocol and it is essentially the Web that has allowed the development of Internet and IP protocol. IP protocol provides flexibility, but today there is no tested mechanisms enabling to give a real quality of service (QoS). QoS is necessary for new applications such as voice over IP (VoIP) to enable transmission of voice through packet network. New architectures are developed to offer QoS for future telecommunications networks.
Compiler triggered C level error check

We describe a technique for automatically proving compiler optimizations sound, meaning that their transformations are always semantics-preserving. As is well known, IR (Intermediate Representation) optimization is an important step in a compiler backend. But unfortunately, it is difficult to detect and debug the IR optimization errors for compiler developers. So, we introduce a C level error check system for detecting the correctness of these IR transformation techniques. In our system, we first create an IR-to-C converter to translate IR to C code before and after each compiler optimization phase, respectively, since our technique is based on the Memory Comparison-based Clone(MeCC) detector which is a tool of detecting semantic equivalency in C level. MeCC accepts only C codes as its input and it uses a path-sensitive semantic-based static analyzer to estimate the memory states at exit point of each procedure, and compares memory states to determine whether the procedures are equal or not. But MeCC cannot guarantee two semantic-equivalency codes always have 100% similarity or two codes with different semantics does not get the result of 100% similarity. To increase the reliability of the results, we describe a technique which comprises how to generate C codes in IR-to-C transformation phase and how to send the optimization information to MeCC to avoid the occurrence of these unexpected problems. Our methodology is illustrated by three familiar optimizations, dead code elimination, instruction scheduling and common sub-expression elimination and our experimental results show that the C level error check system is highly reliable.
Fuzzy Logic Modeling for Decision Making Processes Using MATLAB

— This paper demonstrates to build a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) for any model utilizing the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox graphical user interface (GUI) tools. A different conception for decision making process, based on the fuzzy approach, is propounded by authors of the paper.The paper is worked out in two sections. Description about the Fuzzy Logic Tool box is done in the first section.Illustration with an introductory example concludes the second section. Based on various assumptions the authors construct the rule statements which are then converted into fuzzy rules and the GUI tools of the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox built using MATLAB numeric computing environment is used to construct a fuzzy inference system for this process.The output membership functions are expected to be fuzzy sets in Mamdani-type inference.Defuzzification of fuzzy set for each output variable generated after the aggregation process has to be carried out. Application of information technology for Decisions in today's environment which is highly competitive are undeniable principles of organizations and helps managers in making useful decisions meaningfully.
Indicators and Strategy Monitoring: The Case of the English Regions

The recent pursuit of regional planning agendas in England has coincided with a strong push from the government towards an evidence-based, information-intensive approach to policymaking, with the increased use of statistical indicators to inform and evaluate emerging regional policies. In this paper we aim to examine the monitoring arrangements, and the way indicators are used, in the development and monitoring of key regional strategies (Regional Planning Guidance, Regional Economic Strategies). The idea is to examine indicator usage and monitoring arrangements from a political–managerial perspective through an exploration of the realm of rational–technocratic activities of monitoring within the institutional environment of Regional Planning Bodies and Regional Development Agencies. Following a review of academic literature, we explore the regional intelligence management and the monitoring arrangements of the two key regional strategies in each of the English regions. The analysis is based on documentary and web-based reviews as well as in-depth interviews conducted with key regional actors.
Combination of imagery - a study on various methods

This paper addresses the problem of image combination. The mathematical model of a general image combination (GIC) method is driven from the physical principle of image formation. It is shown that many existing image combination methods are the particular cases of the GIC method. The performance of various image combination methods is then analyzed based on the advantages and disadvantages of different assumptions.
Optimized mask selection for person identification and camera distance measurement based on interocular distance

This paper presents a multi-resolution masks based pattern matching method for person identification. The system is commenced with the construction of multi-resolution mask cluster pyramid, where the mask size is chosen depending on the distance between two eyes, computed from the detected face. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the system with significantly higher precision, recall rates and matching probability comparing with conventional single resolution mask based person identification systems. This paper also presents a novel person to camera distance measuring system based on eye-distance. The distance between centers of two eyes (interocular distance) is used for measuring the person to camera distance. The variation in eye-distance (in pixels) with the changes in camera to person distance (in inches) is used to formulate the distance measuring system. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the distance measurement system with an average accuracy of 94.11%. Key words: Single resolution mask, multi-resolution masks, person to camera distance, person identification.
Confidence bounds on structural reliability

Different approaches for quantifying physical, statistical, and model uncertainties associated with the distribution parameters which are aimed at determining structural reliability are described. Confidence intervals on the distribution parameters of the input random variables are estimated using four algorithms to evaluate uncertainty of the response. Design intervals are evaluated using either Monte Carlo simulation or an iterative approach. A first order approach can be used to compute a first approximation of the design interval, but its accuracy is not satisfactory. The regression approach which combines the iterative approach with Monte Carlo simulation is capable of providing good results if the performance function can be accurately represented using regression analysis. It is concluded that the design interval-based approach seems to be quite general and takes into account distribution and model uncertainties.
Research on Visual Cortex Prosthesis System and Visual Information Coding Strategy Based on Sustainable Materials

The visual system is human know the important sensory system of the external world, due to a variety of diseases or other injury, leading to the increasing number of blind visual loss, the visual cortex prosthesis research is expected to provide a way of blind sight. Based on unique information transfer mechanism of the biological visual system, the visual cortex prosthesis framework is designed, and for the core module of the prosthesis, it is proposed based on the simple cell selective characteristics of visual system, sparse response characteristics, synchronous oscillations and other image information coding strategy of the mechanism. The algorithm is used for the actual image analysis, to compared with conventional sparse representation method, under the prerequisite of assuring image quality, the strategy can be used as little as possible neuronal to characterize the important information of natural images, thus effectively reducing the prosthesis embedded cortex stimulation electrode quantity, to achieve better information transfer effect.
A new DC link voltage boost scheme of IGBT inverters for wind energy extraction

This paper presents a new DC-link voltage boost method for adequate voltage coordination in grid-connected wind energy conversion inverter systems using insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The method provides a simple structure to solve DC-link voltage shortage problem at low winds by adding one switch between one of rectifier input legs and the middle point of the DC link reservoir capacitor. The switch, turned on at low winds, can boost the DC link voltage up to a double value compared to the situation without the switch. Consequently, a double voltage rectifier is used for this method. While the switch is turned off at high winds, the system brings the DC link voltage back to the normal to eliminate frequent overvoltage protection. The double voltage rectifier method can make more wind energy extraction at low winds than that without it. However, it brings an unsymmetrical operation to the turbine generator, thus resulting in a mechanical vibration of the wind turbine. To solve the unsymmetrical operation problem, a symmetrical double voltage rectifier is proposed. In this paper, both methods are described. The computer simulation results on both methods are presented.
Preserving Poisson characteristics of PET data with weighted OSEM reconstruction

To evaluate the importance of preserving the Poisson characteristics of PET data when using OSEM reconstruction, the authors have examined several data weighting schemes with increasing complexity which progressively account for attenuation, normalization, random coincidences and Compton scatter with both ordinary and shifted Poisson models. All schemes have first been tested on 2D dynamic data from a decaying phantom filled with H/sub 2//sup 15/O. The images produced by the various weighting schemes were compared to the ones obtained by filtered backprojection reconstruction. Small positive bias (1%) was detected for the FW and SP schemes and may be due to implementation. The impact of these reconstruction methods on physiological parameters is illustrated with clinical protocols measuring myocardial blood flow with /sup 13/NH/sub 3/ and Standard Uptake Values with /sup 18/FDG. Despite the high random rate in cardiac studies, no positive bias was detected in the images when using the AW and ANW schemes with scans precorrected for random and scatter. For whole-body studies, at low random rates, the ANW scheme produced the same quantitative results as the FW and SP ones. That scheme is likely the best choice for obtaining high quality emission images and unbiased ROI's in most situations on current 2D scanners.
Application of the Rough Set Approach to Evaluation of Bankruptcy Risk

We present a new approach to evaluation of bankruptcy risk of firms based on the rough set theory. The concept of a rough set appeared to be an effective tool for the analysis of information systems representing knowledge gained by experience. The financial information system describes a set of objects firms by a set of multi-valued attributes financial ratios and qualitative variables, called condition attributes. The firms are classified into groups of risk subject to an expert's opinion, called decision attribute. A natural problem of knowledge analysis consists then in discovering relationships, in terms of decision rules, between description of firms by condition attributes and particular decisions. The rough set approach enables one to discover minimal subsets of condition attributes ensuring an acceptable quality of classification of the firms analysed and to derive decision rules from the financial information system which can be used to support decisions about financing new firms. Using the rough set approach one analyses only facts hidden in data, it does not need any additional information about data and does not correct inconsistencies manifested in data; instead, rules produced are categorized into certain and possible. A real problem of the evaluation of bankruptcy risk by a Greek industrial development bank is studied using the rough set approach.
What's Hard in German? WHiG: a British learner corpus of German

This short paper reports on the construction of a freely available learner corpus of advanced British English undergraduate learners of German, which was developed at Bangor University (United Kingdom) and the Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin (Germany). The corpus, What's Hard in German? (WHiG), can be compared to its sibling learner corpus, Falko-L2, and to the native speaker corpus, Falko-L1, using a creative commons user licence or a specifically designed online corpus platform interface, Annis. The main aim of the WHiG project was to collect typed-up essays from participants who achieved a CEFR proficiency of level B2 or higher in the metadata obtained, and whose essays are subsequently POS-tagged, lemmatised and error-tagged. A multi-layer annotation offers researchers the opportunity to work with the collected data and even to provide their own layers of annotation, which in turn can be made available online.
Modeling of an Object Manipulation Motion Planner and Grasping Rules

This paper presents the development of a Motion Planning Module for object manipulation, which is a part of previously developed robotic grasping and manipulation controller. The Motion Planning Module consists of a sensing processor, decision making module, instinctive controller, motion planner and a planned motion controller. Details related to the design and modelling of the motion planning module have been offered. Results of experiments on human grasping rule, suitable for the grasping and manipulation controller, have been discussed. The output of this research may be useful to those developing motion planning strategies for their grasping and manipulation controllers.
Adaptive scheduling algorithms for Ethernet passive optical networks

Medium access control (MAC) is one of the most crucial issues in the design of Ethernet passive optical networks (EPONs). To prevent data from collision in the upstream direction, an EPON system must employ a MAC mechanism to arbitrate the access to the shared upstream channel and at the same time efficiently share the bandwidth of the upstream channel among all optical network units (ONUs). In this paper, two adaptive scheduling algorithms for MAC in an EPON system are presented. One is called the longest-queue-first (LQF) algorithm, which adaptively schedules the transmission order of different ONUs based on the instantaneous queue length of each ONU and polls the one with the longest queue first in each polling. The other is called the earliest-packet-first (EPF) algorithm, which adaptively schedules the transmission order based on the arrival time of the first packet waiting in each ONU queue and polls the one with the earliest packet first. It is shown through simulation results that the proposed scheduling algorithms can effectively improve the network performance in terms of packet delay compared with the most commonly-used round-robin scheduling algorithm.
Locating barcodes using JPEG 2000 compressed data

In this paper, a novel method is proposed to locate one-dimensional barcodes in JPEG 2000 images. The barcode locating system consists of two parts: candidate barcode location detection, barcode location verification and refinement. Both parts are designed to work in the compressed domain of JPEG 2000 images. The locations of candidate barcodes are extracted from the header data and verified by examining part of the decoded coefficients of the JPEG 2000 file. Since only a small amount of the compressed data is used, this algorithm has a low complexity relative to algorithms which use all of the pixel data.