Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Urban MV and LV Distribution Grid Topology Estimation via Group Lasso

The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources poses numerous reliability issues to the urban distribution grid. The topology estimation is a critical step to ensure the robustness of distribution grid operation. However, the bus connectivity and grid topology estimation are usually hard in distribution grids. For example, it is technically challenging and costly to monitor the bus connectivity in urban grids, e.g., underground lines. It is also inappropriate to use the radial topology assumption exclusively because the grids of metropolitan cities and regions with dense loads could be with many mesh structures. To resolve these drawbacks, we propose a data-driven topology estimation method for medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) distribution grids by only utilizing the historical smart meter measurements. Particularly, a probabilistic graphical model is utilized to capture the statistical dependencies amongst bus voltages. We prove that the bus connectivity and grid topology estimation problems, in radial and mesh structures, can be formulated as a linear regression with a least absolute shrinkage regularization on grouped variables (group lasso). Simulations show highly accurate results in eight MV and LV distribution networks at different sizes and 22 topology configurations using Pacific Gas and Electric Company residential smart meter data.
Evaluation of crop coefficients, water productivity, and water balance components for wine grapes irrigated at different deficit levels by a sub-surface drip

Accurate estimation of evapotranspiration ( ET ) and its partitioning into transpiration and evaporation is fundamental for improving water management practices in water-limited environments and under deﬁcit irrigation conditions. This investigation was conducted to estimate the water balance and ET com- ponents of subsurface drip (SDI) irrigated Chardonnay wine grapes for two seasons (2010–2011 and 2011–2012) using a numerical model (HYDRUS-2D). Treatments involved the application of different volumes [51% ( I 1 ), 64% ( I 2 ), 77% ( I 3 ), and 92% ( I 4 ) of normal application] of water for irrigation. A modiﬁed version of the FAO-56 dual crop coefﬁcient approach was used to generate daily transpiration and evaporation as inputs to the HYDRUS-2D model. The calibrated and validated model produced estimates of actual evapotranspiration ( ET Cact ), actual transpiration ( T pact ), and actual evaporation ( E sact ), and deep percolation under varied irrigation applications. The model-simulated values were then used to estimate actual crop coefﬁcients ( K cact and K cbact ), and water productivity of wine grape under different deﬁcit irrigation conditions. Seasonal ET Cact simulated by HYDRUS-2D for different treatments varied between 239 and 382 mm. However, seasonal evaporation accounted for 44–59% of seasonal ET Cact losses in different treatments. The modelled daily transpiration rate in I 4 treatment ( T p 4 act ) varied from 0.11–2.74 mm/day. Deep percolation accounted for 35–40% of the total water applied by rainfall and irrigation. The mean value of actual crop coefﬁcient ( K cact ) estimated by HYDRUS-2D simulated ET C act over the two seasons was 0.27, which matched with other investigations. Similarly, values of K cbact for initial, mid and end stages were 0.13, 0.27 and 0.14, respectively. Monthly values of evaporation coefﬁcient ( K e ) ranged from 0.1 to 0.32, with a mean value of 0.18. Water productivity with respect to ET losses ( WPET C ) ranged from 5.9 to 6.2 kg/m 3 of water use. However, water productivity for transpiration ( WPT C ) almost doubled as compared to WPET C in all treatments. The impact of deﬁcit irrigation on berry juice composition (Brix, pH and titratable acidity) was lower than the inter-seasonal variability. These results can help develop better irrigation management strategies for SDI irrigated wine grapes under water scarce conditions.
Transfersome: A Novel Technique Which Improves Transdermal Permeability

Transdermal drug delivery offers various advantages on skin. However, its use is limited because the presence of stratum corneum, which serve as barrier to this route. Vesicular system has potential to evade these barriers include liposome, niosome, and transfersome. Transfersome is one of vesicular systems which has highly stress-adaptive, stress-responsive complex aggregate possessing an aqueous core surrounded by complex lipid bilayer. Transfersome has some potential advantages such as the ability to deform and pass through narrow pores, serve as a carrier for both low as well as high molecular drugs. There are some theories describe which affects the formation of transfersome. Transfersome composed of amphipathic ingredient such as phosphatidylcholine, other component is bilayer softening component such as surfactant, along with lipid and surfactant, preparation method for transfersome also alcohol as a solvent in various ratio and water or phosphate buffer solution for hydration of vesicles. The mechanism behind the transfersome penetration into skin is the development of osmotic gradient because of evaporation of surface water due to body heat. There are various methods exist for the preparation of transfersome such as film dispersion method, reverse phase evaporation method, high-pressure homogenization method, and ultrasonic dispersion method. Transfersome is pertinent in the field of insulin delivery, corticosteroid delivery, delivery of protein and peptide, also serve as carrier for anticancer drug, anesthetics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and herbal drug.
Investigation of genetic relationships among trifoliata oranges and their hybrid relatives based on ISSR markers

Diversity and genetic relationships were investigated in 19 trifoliata oranges ((Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf) and their 27 hybrids including 20 citranges (P. trifoliata X Citrus sinensis), five citrumelos (P. trifoliata X C. paradisi) and two citremons (P. trifoliata X C. limon) based on inter- simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Twelve ISSR primers produced a total of 120 fragments and 82 of them were polymorphic (68%). The unweighted pair group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis as assessed with ISSR data demonstrated that the accessions had a similarity range from 0.67 to 1.00. In the dendrogram there were three main groups including trifoliata, citremon and citrange- citrumelo groups. The trifoliata orange, citrange, citrumelo and citremon groups were separated. The citrumelo group was nested in the citrange branch. Genetic diversity among the trifoliata accessions was low probably because of their mutation origin. However all trifoliata accessions were distinguished except for two of them. The citrange group had higher polymorphism than the other trifoliata hybrids. Our study indicated that ISSR markers were useful to determine genetic diversity of related citrus groups such as trifoliata oranges and their intergeneric hybrids.
Presenting an Integrated Framework for the Introduction and Evaluation of Social Media in Enterprises

—In this paper, we present an integrated framework that governs the introduction of social media into enterprises and its evaluation. It is argued that the framework should address the following issues: (1) the contribution of social media for increasing efﬁciency and improving the quality of working life; (2) the level on which this contribution happens (i
Harbour porpoise habitat preferences: robust spatio-temporal inferences from opportunistic data

Statistical habitat modelling is often flagged as a cost-effective decision tool for species management. However, data that can produce predictions with the desired precision are difficult to collect, especially for species with spatially extensive and dynamic distributions. Data from platforms of opportunity could be used to complement or help design dedicated surveys, but robust inference from such data is challenging. Furthermore, regression models using static covariates may not be sufficient for animals whose habitat preferences change dynamically with season, environmental conditions or foraging strategy. More flexible models introduce difficulties in selecting parsimonious models. We implemented a robust model-averaging framework to dynamically predict harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena occurrence in a strongly tidal and topographically complex site in southwest Wales using data from a temporally intensive platform of opportunity. Spatial and temporal environmental variables were allowed to interact in a generalized additive model (GAM). We used information criteria to examine an extensive set of 3003 models and average predictions from the best 33. In the best model, 3 main effects and 2 tensor-product interactions explained 46% of the deviance. Model-averaged predictions indicated that harbour porpoises avoided or selected steeper slopes depending on the tidal flow conditions; when the tide started to ebb, occurrence was predicted to increase 3-fold at steeper slopes.
Effect of Different Levels of Citrus Waste (Kinnow sp.) on Duodenal Morphology of Broiler Birds Without and With Cocktail of Enzymes

The study was carried out to determine the effect of different levels of citrus waste (Kinnow sp.) as replacement of whole ration on intestinal morphology in broilers. The experiment consisted of 256 meat type birds. The day old birds were distributed into 8 groups and each group was replicated four times. Eight dietary treatments included Control (T1), positive control (T5) and Citrus waste was supplemented at 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 percent level in diet T2 to diet T4 and citrus waste with cocktail of enzymes was added from diet T6 to diet T8 during starter (0-14 days), grower (15-21 days) and finisher (22-42 days of age) phases. The birds of equal body weight were slaughtered on 42nd day. After thorough examination sections of duodenum were collected and processed. Images were taken to measure villi height and crypt depth. Study showed that the inclusion of citrus waste up to 5% level improved (P<0.05) duodenal morphology with higher villi length and crypt depth. More number of polymorphonuclear cells was observed at places in mucosa suggesting better immunomodulatory effect due to inclusion of citrus waste in the diet. However, supplementation of enzyme (100 g/q) didn’t showed any significant (P<0.05) difference between the groups. It can be concluded that supplementation of citrus waste decreased the villi height and crypt depth at higher citrus waste inclusion level.
Efficiently Summarizing Distributed Data Streams over Sliding Windows

Estimating the frequency of any piece of information in large-scale distributed data streams became of utmost importance in the last decade (\emph{e.g.}, in the context of network monitoring, big data, \emph{etc.}). If some elegant solutions have been proposed recently, their approximation is computed from the inception of the stream. In a runtime distributed context, one would prefer to gather information only about the recent past. This may be led by the need to save resources or by the fact that recent information is more relevant. In this paper, we consider the \emph{sliding window} model and propose two different (on-line) algorithms that approximate the items frequency in the active window. More precisely, we determine a $(\varepsilon,\delta)$-approximation meaning that the error is greater than $\varepsilon$ only with probability $\delta$. These solutions use a very small amount of memory with respect to the size $N$ of the window and the number $n$ of distinct items of the stream, namely, $O(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} \log \frac{1}{\delta} (\log N + \log n))$ and $O(\frac{1}{\tau\varepsilon} \log \frac{1}{\delta} (\log N + \log n))$ bits of space, where $\tau$ is a parameter limiting memory usage. We also provide their distributed variant, \emph{i.e.}, considering the \emph{sliding window functional monitoring} model, with a communication cost of $O(\frac{k}{\varepsilon^2} \log \frac{1}{\delta} \log N)$ bits per window (where $k$ is the number of nodes). We compared the proposed algorithms to each other and also to the state of the art through extensive experiments on synthetic traces and real data sets that validate the robustness and accuracy of our algorithms.
Studies Regarding the Nickel Electrodeposition from Choline Chloride Based Ionic Liquids

The electrochemical technologies are extensively applied in a large range of industrial fields, from decorative/protective coatings in electrical engineering, electronics, automotive or machine building domains towards the manufacturing of microelectronic components, of micro-electro-mechanical systems (the so-called MEMS) or of the high precision microand nanostructures, including biological ones (Data & Landolt, 2000; Gurunathan et al., 1999). Due to the fact that electrochemical deposition is an atomic/molecular level process, the formed layer entirely takes the three-dimensional shape of the substrate with a very high accuracy. As a result of the last years scientific progress, the theoretical aspects of electrochemical engineering principles applicable for electrochemical micro-processing have significantly developed so that, associated with performance techniques and equipment lead to the new and innovative materials development having controlled microor nanostructures. In spite of a long history and experience, the metals surface finishing industry still has not been successful in extending the range of the metals able to be electrodeposited towards some of them with a promising technical potential, such as Al, W, Mo, Ti. Their capability to form stable oxides represents an obstacle against their application as coating layers, especially from classical aqueous electrolytes. Moreover, in the last decade sustained efforts have been made to preserve the environment and to minimize the toxic effects of certain electrochemical technologies on human health. Thus, certain metallic coatings have been and still are subjected to some use restrictions such as Cr, Ni, but Cu, Ag and Au as well, due to the involvement of aqueous cyanide electrolytes. Taking into account the above mentioned considerations, in the last 10 years investigations to develop and promote alternative more environmentally friendly electrochemical media have been reported, including the class of the so-called “ionic liquids”, defined as “ionic materials in liquid state for temperatures lower than 100oC” (Endres et al., 2008; Wasserscheid & Welton, 2007). The ionic liquids have some properties which make them adequate as metal electrodeposition electrolytes, such as:
Monitoring Resistance to Bt Maize in Field Populations of Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Smallholder Farms in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Post-release monitoring of transgenic Bt maize fields for resistant pest populations is an important activity that will contribute to early identification and mitigation of resistance evolution by target pests. An effective Bt maize pest resistance monitoring programme relies on well-established baseline susceptibility data. The target pest of Bt maize in South Africa, Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has evolved resistance to Bt maize expressing Cry1Ab proteins, with numerous reports of resistance from the highveld region of the country. Although Bt maize has been cultivated in the Eastern Cape province since 2001, no data exist on the resistance status of field populations of B. fusca to Bt maize in this region. In view of this, B. fusca larvae were collected from fields in two Bt maize cultivating areas and a non-Bt maize cultivating area of the Eastern Cape for laboratory assays to determine the level of susceptibility of B. fusca to Bt maize. Rearing colonies of each population were established and neonate larvae from each population were used to infest non-Bt maize plants, and Bt maize of events MON810 and MON89034. All larvae maintained on MON89034 died within seven days of infestation. Survival of all B. fusca populations maintained on MON810 declined rapidly during the first seven days and was significantly (P<0.001) lower than larval survival on non-Bt maize. Similarly, mass of surviving larvae of all populations on MON810 from the first two weeks to the 21st day was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than the mass of larvae on non-Bt maize. These results indicate that fieldcollected populations screened in this study are still susceptible to Bt maize.
Data Processing And Experiment Of Barometric Altimeter Based On Recursive Least Squares Filtering

It is an effective method to measure the height using a barometric altimeter, but there exists larger noise defect. In this paper, the height measurement system is designed by using the barometric pressure sensor, and the cause of noise is analyzed. In order to suppress the noise, the method of recursive least squares filtering is proposed to evaluate the measured height. A recursive least squares filter model is constructed and the recursive step is given, then the recursive method is applied to the height evaluation. An experiment is done to measure the floor height of a building, and the results show that the recursive least squares filtering method can make the evaluation data strictly track the original data change, the height measurement noise is suppressed effectively, and the height fluctuation reduces to 20% of the original measurement value.
Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments in Multidisciplinary Design Optimization: A Review of How Far We Have Come - Or Not

The use of metamodeling techniques in the design and analysis of computer experiments has progressed remarkably in the past two decades, but how far have we really come? This is the question that we investigate in this paper, namely, the extent to which the use of metamodeling techniques in multidisciplinary design optimization have evolved in the two decades since the seminal paper on Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments by Sacks et al. As part of this review, we examine the motivation for advancements in metamodeling techniques from both a historical perspective and the research itself. Based on current thrusts in the field, we emphasize multi-level/multi-fidelity approximations and ensembles of metamodels, as well as the availability of metamodels within commercial software and for design space exploration and visualization in this review. Our closing remarks offer insight into future research directions – nearly the same ones that have motivated us in the past.
Evaluation of Ultra-Violet Photocatalytic Oxidation (UVPCO) forIndoor Air Applications: Conversion of Volatile Organic Compounds at LowPart-per-Billion Concentrations

LBNL-58936 Evaluation of Ultra-Violet Photocatalytic Oxidation (UVPCO) for Indoor Air Applications: Conversion of Volatile Organic Compounds at Low Part-per-Billion Concentrations Alfred T. Hodgson, Douglas P. Sullivan, and William J. Fisk Indoor Environment Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA September 30, 2005 Abstract Efficient removal of indoor generated airborne particles and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in office buildings and other large buildings may allow for a reduction in outdoor air supply rates with concomitant energy savings while still maintaining acceptable indoor air quality in these buildings. Ultra-Violet Photocatalytic Oxidation (UVPCO) air cleaners have the potential to achieve the necessary reductions in indoor VOC concentrations at relatively low cost. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted with a scaled, prototype UVPCO device designed for use in a duct system. The experimental UVPCO contained two 30 by 30-cm honeycomb monoliths coated with titanium dioxide and 3% by weight tungsten oxide. The monoliths were irradiated with 12 UVC lamps arranged in four banks. The UVPCO was challenged with four mixtures of VOCs typical of mixtures encountered in indoor air. A synthetic office mixture contained 27 VOCs commonly measured in office buildings. A cleaning product mixture contained three cleaning products with high market shares. A building product mixture was created by combining sources including painted wallboard, composite wood products, carpet systems, and vinyl flooring. A fourth mixture contained formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Steady-state concentrations were produced in a classroom laboratory or a 20-m 3 environmental chamber. Air was drawn through the UVPCO, and single pass conversion efficiencies were measured from replicate air samples collected upstream and downstream of the reactor section. Concentrations of the mixtures were manipulated, with concentrations of individual VOCs mostly maintained below 10 ppb. Device
Chiller: Contention-centric Transaction Execution and Data Partitioning for Modern Networks

Distributed transactions on high-overhead TCP/IP-based networks were conventionally considered to be prohibitively expensive and thus were avoided at all costs. To that end, the primary goal of almost any existing partitioning scheme is to minimize the number of cross-partition transactions. However, with the new generation of fast RDMA-enabled networks, this assumption is no longer valid. In fact, recent work has shown that distributed databases can scale even when the majority of transactions are cross-partition. In this paper, we first make the case that the new bottleneck which hinders truly scalable transaction processing in modern RDMA-enabled databases is data contention, and that optimizing for data contention leads to different partitioning layouts than optimizing for the number of distributed transactions. We then present Chiller, a new approach to data partitioning and transaction execution, which aims to minimize data contention for both local and distributed transactions. Finally, we evaluate Chiller using various workloads, and show that our partitioning and execution strategy outperforms traditional partitioning techniques which try to avoid distributed transactions, by up to a factor of 2.
Evaluation of a decontamination protocol prior to a full-mouth disinfection procedure: A randomised clinical study

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the application of a chlorhexidine-based decontamination protocol during two weeks prior to scaling root planing (SRP) would reduce bleeding on probing (BoP) at the time of SRP. Secondary outcomes were other clinical parameters. Another secondary aim was to assess whether the improvement of periodontal conditions, if any, would have a benefit up to 3 months later. In this mono-centre, parallel, single blind, randomised, controlled clinical study, thirty subjects affected by chronic periodontitis were randomly allocated 1:1 to either a control group (n=15, individuals subjected to a standard one-stage full-mouth disinfection procedure fifteen days after inclusion), or a test group (n=15, individuals had to apply a decontamination protocol consisting of tongue brushing and mouth rinsing with chlorhexidine-based products during the fifteen days intervening between inclusion and SRP. BoP, probing depth (PD), plaque index (Pl.I) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were measured at the inclusion and at tSRP=baseline, when individuals were subjected to SRP, and after 30 and 90 days. Immediately before SRP, BoP was significantly reduced in test (68.31±14.70) with respect to control group (29.54±11.97, p<0.0001). The other clinical parameters (except for CAL) were significantly reduced, with comparable improvements between the two groups after 30 and 90 days. Although investigations on a larger sample are desirable, the early application of a disinfection procedure improves the condition of patients undergoing full-mouth therapy. This leads to marked advantages both for patients, who exhibit reduced bleeding, swelling and pain, and the operator, who is less operatively limited during the hygiene session. Key words: Full-mouth disinfection, scaling and root planing, periodontitis, periodontal therapy.