Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling Carbon Emission Flow in Multiple Energy Systems

Multiple energy systems (MESs) bring different types of energy together and are able to improve energy utilization efficiency and promote the integration of renewable energy. The embedded carbon emission in MES is coupled among the energy flow across different energy systems. The understanding of how the embedded carbon emission should be allocated along with the energy delivery and conversion is significant in the policy making and market design to facilitate carbon emission reduction. A novel analytical model for carbon emission flow (CEF) in MES is proposed in this paper to quantify the carbon emission associated with the energy delivery and conversion process. First, key indicators and basic principles of CEF are defined. Then, the explicit CEF models for different energy networks, including the power network, gas network and heating network, are established. On the basis of the CEF models of energy converters, the CEF model for an energy hub is further formulated to analyze the flow of carbon emission across different energy systems during the conversion process. Finally, the procedure of CEF calculation in MES is provided. The case study results based on two systems are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Optimal design analysis for thermal performance of high power 2.5D package

Based on ANSYS and Icepak softwares, the numerical analysis method is used to build up the thermal analysis model of the 2.5D package, which contains a high power CPU chip. The focus of the research is on the determination of the contributing factors and their effects on the thermal resistance and heat distribution of the package. The parametric analysis illustrates that the substrate conductivity, TIM conductivity and fin height are more crucial for heat conduction in the package. Furthermore, these major parameters are compared and analyzed by orthogonal tests, and the optimal solution for 2.5D integration is proposed. The factors' influence patterns on thermal resistance, obtained in this article, could be utilized as a thermal design reference.
INERA Workshop 2016: Membrane and Liquid Crystal Nanostructures (MELINA 2016)

We are pleased to introduce the Proceedings of the INERA Workshop “Membrane and Liquid Crystal Nanostructures” (MELINA 2016). This meeting was held from 3th to 6th of September 2016 in Varna (Bulgaria) and was organized by the Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (ISSP-BAS) in the frames of the Project INERA “Research and Innovation Capacity Strengthening of ISSP-BAS in Multifunctional Nanostructures” REGPOT-2012-2013-1 NMP (http://www.inera.org). The workshop venue was the “Saints Constantine and Helena” Resort - a beautiful complex on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast within a landscaped park 10 km north of downtown Varna, close to the Euxinograd royal summer palace, park and winery. The aim of this workshop was to bring together researchers with interests in interdisciplinary areas in order to report the recent results of their scientific work, to discuss the state-of-the-art & perspectives and communicate new ideas. Several experimental & theoretical streams in the field of nanostructured liquid crystal systems and nanocomposites; soft and living matter physics; membrane biophysics; nanostructures in polymer and lipid membranes; characterization of soft nanomaterials were merged and directed towards a constructive discussion & solutions of a wide variety of actual problems in these important scientific areas. Participants from 9 countries presented 20 oral and 15 poster presentations in 5 topical areas. INERA Workshop MELINA 2016 provided very good opportunities for direct contacts, interesting discussions and interactive exchange of ideas between the participants. It also became a meeting point where INERA partners could plan and organize their future efficient collaborations and joint research projects of common interest. The editors would like to thank all authors for their high-quality contributions. The papers submitted for publication in the Proceedings were refereed according to the publishing standards of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The proceedings of conferences and workshops organized in the frames of INERA Project are regularly published by the Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The Editorial Committee members are very grateful to the journal’s staff for providing us this opportunity, as well as for the continuous support for the publication of these Proceedings. Managing Editor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Julia Genova Co-editors: Prof. DSc. Diana Nesheva Prof. DSc. Isak Bivas Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yordan Marinov Assoc. Prof. Dr. Victoria Vitkova Assoc. Prof. Dr. Georgi Hadjichristov
Corrigendum: Observation-based solar and wind power capacity factors and power densities (2018 Environ. Res. Lett. 13 104008)

An error in the estimate of wind plant area led us to underestimate wind power densities by about 40%. The errorwasourincorrectspeci ﬁ cationofthegeometricpro-jectionin the calculationoftheareaofVoronipolygons in our GIS software. The severity of this error increased with latitude so errors were smaller in Texas than Montana. Our method used area to ﬁ lter out plants with installed capacity densities < 0.1 MW i km − 2 , a step that generally removes plants with very small numbers of turbines, for which our Voroni method produces overly-large areas. Because the areas changed, the sample set also changed when the error was ﬁ xed. Finding the error motivated us tobothprovideamoredetaileddescriptionofthemethod in the supplemental information is available online at stacks.iop. org / ERL / 14 / 079501 / mmedia and make data publiclyavailableinanAddendum. The average wind power density changed to 0.90 W e m − 2 ( from 0.50 W e m − 2 ) and the average installed capacity density changed to 2.8 MW i km − 2 ( from 1.5 MW i km − 2 will decrease as total wind generation increases. The mean 2016 power density of 1047 solar power plants was 5 .7 W e m − 2 . Solar capacity factors and ( likely ) power densities are increasing with time driven, in part, by improved panel ef ﬁ ciencies. Wind power has a 6 -fold lower power density than solar, but wind power installations directly occupy much less of the land within their boundaries. The environmental and social consequences of these divergent land occupancy Abstract Power density is the rate of energy generation per unit of land surface area occupied by an energy system. The power density of low-carbon energy sources will play an important role in mediating the environmental consequences of energy system decarbonization as the world transitions away from high power-density fossil fuels. All else equal, lower power densities mean larger land and environmental footprints. The power density of solar and wind power remain surprisingly uncertain: estimates of realizable generation rates per unit area for wind and solar power span 0.3 – 47 W e m − 2 and 10 – 120 W e m − 2 respectively. We re ﬁ ne this range using US data from 1990 – 2016. We estimate wind power density from primary data, and solar power density from primary plant-level data and prior datasets on capacity density. The mean power density of 411 onshore wind power plants in 2016 was 0.50 W e m − 2 . Wind plants with the largest areas have the lowest power densities. Wind power capacity factors are increasing, but that increase is associated with a decrease in capacity densities, so power densities are stable or declining. If wind power expands away from the best locations and the areas of wind power plants keep increasing, it seems likely that wind ’ s power density will decrease as total wind generation increases. The mean 2016 power density of 1150 solar power plants was 5.4 W e
Discovery of a Compact X-Ray Object with a 614 s Periodicity in the Direction of the Galactic Center

We report on analysis of X-ray, optical, and radio observations of the previously overlooked X-ray source 2CXO J174517.0–321356 located just 3. °2 away from the Galactic center. Timing analysis of X-ray observations of the source with XMM-Newton reveals periodic pulsations with periods of 1228 and 614 s, with the latter being tentatively considered fundamental. On the other hand, an observation of the object with NuSTAR reveals a hard thermal-bremsstrahlung spectrum. Inspection of the archival Very Large Telescope image reveals, however, no obvious optical counterpart down to R > 25 mag. Observations made with ATCA showed a possible faint radio counterpart with a positive spectral index (α > 0.51) between 1 and 3 GHz, but follow-up ATCA and Very Large Array observations at frequencies between 4.5–10 GHz and 3–22 GHz, respectively, could not detect it. Given the properties in these three bands, we argue that the most likely origin of the X-ray source is emission from a new intermediate polar close to the Galactic center. Alternatively, and less likely, it is an ultracompact X-ray binary, which is one of the most compact X-ray binaries.
Severe wind hazard using dynamically downscaled climate simulations

Tropical cyclones, thunderstorms and sub-tropical storms can generate extreme winds that can cause significant economic loss. Severe wind is one of the major natural hazards in Australia. In this study, regional return period gust wind hazard (10 meter height over open terrain) is determined using a new methodology developed by Geoscience Australia. The methodology involves a combination of three models: A Statistical Model (ie. data-based model) to quantify wind hazard using extreme value distributions. A methodology to extract gridded hourly maximum mean (time-step) wind speed and direction fields from a high-resolution regional climate model (RCM). Area-averaged measurements from the RCM are "corrected" for point measurement exposure by applying a regional factor to the RCM values. And a Monte Carlo method to calculate gust wind from RCM mean wind, the former is the value of interest in wind hazard. To assess accuracy, model results were compared against three wind recording stations in Tasmania. These sites were selected because their weather stations and anemometer measurements are located at airports, avoiding the problem of houses or trees affecting the instruments, and also due to these sites having wind gust records. The model works only with synoptic gust wind speeds. A methodology to calculate severe wind gusts associated with thunderstorm down-burst winds is under development.
OpenSimulator Interoperability with DRDC Simulation Tools: Compatibility Study

Abstract : This compatibility study examines potential interoperability between OpenSimulator, a free,server-based 3D virtual world simulator, and a set of DND/CF simulation tools. Interoperabilityis assessed in four areas: simulation operation, terrain models, 3D models, and human factorstools. Simulation technologies assessed for compatibility are the DIS and HLA simulationprotocols, the Unity game engine, the VBS2 serious game, SmartMarine 3D and SmartPlant 3DCAD applications, the HumanCAD anthropomorphic articulation simulator, and the IPME taskmodelling and crew simulator. OpenSimulator does not use DIS or HLA, so it is not currentlyable to directly interface with any simulator that uses these industry standards. Terrain datacompatibility is limited by the RAW format used by OpenSimulator. Unity is able to provide therequired height-map portion of the terrain while VBS2 cannot produce a compatible terraincomponent directly. The set of DND/CF tools that use model-based assets can, in most cases, beconverted to the COLLADA format which OpenSimulator is compatible with. HumanCAD alsohas the ability to export model formats that can be converted to COLLADA. IPME cancommunicate over TCP/IP connections and so an interface to OpenSimulator could be developed.Overall, OpenSimulator is compatible with the set of DND/CF tools examined in terms of itsability to re-use 3D model content originally developed for these tools. Some compatibility existswith respect to re-use of terrain data. But there is marginal to no compatibility with respect tooperating OpenSimulator using the tools studied.
1st International Postgraduate Conference on Mechanical Engineering (IPCME2018)

Preface The 1st IPCME2018 The 1st International Postgraduate Conference on Mechanical Engineering (IPCME2018) is the first conference organized by Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan campus that focus on participation of postgraduate student across the world. These proceeding contains the selected scientific manuscripts submitted to the conference. It is with great pleasure to welcome you to the “International Postgraduate Conference on Mechanical Engineering IPCME2018” that is held at Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia. The call for papers attracted submissions of over more than one hundred abstracts from both local and international universities. The scientific papers published in these proceeding have been revised and approved by the technical committee of the 1st IPCME2018. All of the papers exhibit clear, concise, and precise expositions that appeal to a broad international readership interested in mechanical engineering. The topics of the Conference were: (1) Combustion; (2) Structural integrity and vibration; (3) Human and biomechanical; (4) Manufacturing system and process; (5) Energy and fuels; (6) Computational analysis and advanced materials; and (7) Thermal and fluid engineering. The reports present original ideas or results of general significant supported by clear reasoning and compelling evidence, and employ methods, theories and practices relevant to the research. The authors state clearly the questions and the significance of their research to theory and practice, describe how the research contributes to new knowledge, and provide tables and figures that meaningfully add to the narrative. In this edition of IPCME2018 representatives coming from academia, industry, governmental and private sectors. The plenary and invited speakers present, discuss, promote, and disseminate research in all fields of mechanical engineering in a constructive manner. Numerous social events that provide opportunities for the participants to renew old contacts and establish new ones were scheduled to accompany and follow the scientific activities. We want to thank the Organizing Committee, the University and Sponsors supporting the conference and everyone who contributed along the conference and publication of these proceeding. Professor Dr. Rizalman Mamat The Chairman of IPCME2018
Actuation design and assistive control for a soft wearable exosuit

The development of a portable assistive device to aid patients affected by neuromuscular disorders has been the ultimate goal of assistive robots since the late 1960s. Traditional robotic devices have been engineered to assist the users’ limbs in both activities of daily living (ADLs) and physical therapy, mostly consisting of load-bearing exoskeletons made of rigid links that operate in parallel to the human skeleton. These devices can be extremely accurate and are able to deliver high forces/torques to their users, making them optimal solutions for improving physical therapy in clinical environments. However, their structural complexity cause them to be poor candidates for daily at-home use, where portability, lightweight, compliance, and low profile are preferable. A new frontier of assistive devices aims at designing exoskeletons based on fabric and flexible materials for applications where kinematic transparency is the primary requirement. Bowden-cable transmission is the widely employed solution in most of the aforementioned applications due to advantages in durability, lightweight, safety, and flexibility. The major advantages of soft assistive exoskeletons driven by Bowden-cable transmission can be identified in the superior ergonomics and wearability, allowing users to freely move and allocating the actuation stages far away from the end-effector. Despite of having many advantages in assistive technology, this actuation strategy presents several intrinsic limitations caused by the presence of nonlinearities, such as friction and backlash of the cables, which make it difficult to predict and control the kinematics and dynamics between the device and the user. In this thesis, I present the design and control implementation of a soft, textile-based exosuit driven by Bowden-cable transmission for assisting human upper limb movements, especially elbow flexion/extension. I describe a model-based design, characterisation and testing of an actuation stage, driving a set of artificial tendons to apply torques to the human elbow joint. I also propose a novel hierarchical control paradigm for the actuation unit, considering all the aspects ranging from human motion intention detection for assistance, to adaptive compensation for the detrimental effects arising from the presence of nonlinear behaviours in the exosuit, i.e. friction
Skills for creativity in graphic design : testing the relationship between visualisation, written comprehension, and graphic design creativity

This thesis explores the relationship between skills, creativity and domain. It is situated within an evolving topic of design creativity; an emerging field that interfaces between creativity research, which has often occurred in the field of psychology, and design research often associated with the fields of engineering, art and design. Through five interconnected studies, and the domain of graphic design as the basis for experimentation, the research culminates in testing the relationship between creative output and skills considered important for competent performance in graphic design. How to assess graphic design creativity in a manner credible to both the creativity research and design research community has been a core challenge for this thesis. The method selected - the Consensual Assessment Technique (CAT) - before this thesis had yet to be used as a reliable measure of graphic design creativity in experimental research. For this reason, three of the studies were directed at establishing the reliability of the CAT. • One undertook the first systematic literature review of the CAT in design research; • a second tested the assumption that a graphic design CAT would show acceptable levels of inter-rater reliability (as researchers had found in other domains of design); • a third focused on optimising the CAT to measure graphic design creativity. Additionally, given the wide range of graphic design competencies available, a conceptual framework was developed to prioritise those most important, and suitable, for experimental study. Two were identified (mental visualisation, and written comprehension) and each was tested for its relationship to graphic design creativity. Where other researchers have suggested or found a relationship, in this study, no significant correlations could be evidenced for either mental visualisation or written comprehension with creative output. Such a finding is likely counter-intuitive to many in art and design, thus, the implications of this study impact upon debates within design creativity research, design education, and graduate skill gaps for the Creative Industries.
A new cleaning process combining non-ionic surfactant with diamond film electrochemical oxidation for polished silicon wafers

This paper presents a new cleaning process for particle and organic contaminants on polished silicon wafer surfaces. It combines a non-ionic surfactant with boron-doped diamond (BDD) film anode electrochemical oxidation. The non-ionic surfactant is used to remove particles on the polished wafer's surface, because it can form a protective film on the surface, which makes particles easy to remove. The effects of particle removal comparative experiments were observed by metallographic microscopy, which showed that the 1% v/v non-ionic surfactant achieved the best result. However, the surfactant film itself belongs to organic contamination, and it eventually needs to be removed. BDD film anode electrochemical oxidation (BDD-EO) is used to remove organic contaminants, because it can efficiently degrade organic matter. Three organic contaminant removal comparative experiments were carried out: the first one used the non-ionic surfactant in the first step and then used BDD-EO, the second one used BDD-EO only, and the last one used RCA cleaning technique. The XPS measurement result shows that the wafer's surface cleaned by BDD-EO has much less organic residue than that cleaned by RCA cleaning technique, and the non-ionic surfactant can be efficiently removed by BDD-EO.
In-situ determination of dispersion and resolving power in simultaneous multiple-angle XUV spectroscopy

We report on the simultaneous determination of non-linear dispersion functions and resolving power of three flat-field XUV grating spectrometers. A moderate-intense short-pulse infrared laser is focused onto technical aluminum which is commonly present as part of the experimental setup. In the XUV wavelength range of 10–19 nm, the spectrometers are calibrated using Al-Mg plasma emission lines. This cross-calibration is performed in-situ in the very same setup as the actual main experiment. The results are in excellent agreement with ray-tracing simulations. We show that our method allows for precise relative and absolute calibration of three different XUV spectrometers.
Simulation and reconstruction of the PANDA Barrel DIRC detector

The PANDA experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI, Darmstadt, aims at studying the strong interacting matter by precision spectroscopy. A detector system with excellent particle identification over a large range of solid angle and momentum is therefore mandatory. Charged hadron identification in the barrel region will be performed by a compact ring imaging Cherenkov detector based on the DIRC principle (Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light), designed to separate pions from kaons with at least 3 standard deviations in the momentum range from 0.5 GeV/c to 3.5 GeV/c. We present details of the simulation of the PANDA Barrel DIRC and a study of the detector performance using a fast reconstruction algorithm to determine the single photon Cherenkov angle resolution and photon yield for several design options.
A Novel Network Traffic Prediction Method Based on RMPM

The network traffic prediction plays the key role in congestion control and bandwidth allocation. A variety of traditional learning models such as artificial neural networks (ANN) have been applied in prediction. To avoid the drawbacks of traditional models for prediction, a novel robust minimax probability machine (RMPM)-based traffic prediction method is proposed in this paper. The prediction performance is tested on two different types of traffic data, Ethernet data flow and MPEG4 video flow, at the timescale 1. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method attains satisfactory performance in prediction accuracy. Therefore, the proposed method can be used for congestion control or bandwidth allocation, to meet the user QOS requirements.