Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Artificial Neural Network-based Predictive Model to Support Optimization of Inpatient Glycemic Control.

BACKGROUND Achieving glycemic control in critical care patients is of paramount importance, and has been linked to reductions in mortality, intensive care unit length of stay, and morbidities such as infection. The myriad of illnesses and patient conditions render maintenance of glycemic control very challenging in this setting. METHODS This study involved collection of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data, and other associated measures, from the electronic medical records of 127 patients for the first 72 hours of ICU care who upon admission to the ICU had a diagnosis of type 1 (N=8) or type 2 diabetes (N=97) or a glucose value > 150 mg/dl (N = 22). A neural network-based model was developed to predict a complete trajectory of glucose values up to 135 minutes ahead of time. Model accuracy was validated using data from 15 of the 127 patients that were not included in the model training set to simulate model performance in real-world healthcare settings. RESULTS Predictive models achieved an improved accuracy and performance compared to previous models that were reported by our research team. Model error, expressed as mean absolute difference percent, was 10.6% with respect to interstitial glucose values (CGM) and 15.9% with respect to serum blood glucose values collected 135 minutes in the future. A Clarke Error Grid Analysis of model predictions with respect to the reference CGM and blood glucose measurements revealed that >99% of model predictions could be regarded as clinically acceptable and would not lead to inaccurate insulin therapy or treatment recommendations. CONCLUSION The noted clinical acceptability of these models illustrates their potential utility within a clinical decision support system to assist healthcare providers in the optimization of glycemic management in critical care patients.
Structure of Sonic Hedgehog protein in complex with zinc(II) and magnesium(II) reveals ion-coordination plasticity relevant to peptide drug design.

The Hedgehog pathway is an essential cell-signaling paradigm implicated in cancer tumorigenesis and the developmental disorder holoprosencephaly, making it an attractive target for therapeutic design. The N-terminal domain of the Sonic Hedgehog protein (Shh-N) is the essential signaling molecule in the Hedgehog pathway. In this role Shh-N interacts with its cognate membrane receptor Patched, as well as the regulatory proteins HHIP and CDO, by utilizing interfaces harboring one or more divalent ions. Here, the crystal structure of human Shh-N is presented at 1.43 Å resolution, representing a landmark in the characterization of this protein. The structure reveals that the conserved Zn2+-binding site adopts an atypical octahedral coordination geometry, whereas an adjacent binding site, normally occupied by binuclear Ca2+, has been supplanted by a single octahedrally bound Mg2+. Both divalent sites are compared with those in previous Shh-N structures, which demonstrates a significant degree of plasticity of the Shh-N protein in terms of divalent ion binding. The presence of a high Mg2+ concentration in the crystallization medium appears to have influenced metal loading at both metal ion-binding sites. These observations have technical and design implications for efforts focused on the development of inhibitors that target Shh-N-mediated protein-protein interactions.
Faithful state transfer between two-level systems via an actively cooled finite-temperature cavity

We consider state transfer between two qubits - effective two-level systems represented by Rydberg atoms - via a common mode of a microwave cavity at finite temperature. We find that when both qubits have the same coupling strength to the cavity field, at large enough detuning from the cavity mode frequency, quantum interference between the transition paths makes the swap of the excitation between the qubits largely insensitive to the number of thermal photons in the cavity. When, however, the coupling strengths are different, the photon number-dependent differential Stark shift of the transition frequencies precludes efficient transfer. Nevertheless, using an auxiliary cooling system to continuously extract the cavity photons, we can still achieve a high-fidelity state transfer between the qubits.
The effect of ethnicity and team membership on face processing: a cultural neuroscience perspective

Abstract In-ethnicity bias, as one of the in-group biases, is widespread in different cultures, interfering with cross-ethnicity communication. Recent studies have revealed that an in-ethnicity bias can be reduced by an in-team bias caused by the membership in a mixed-ethnicity team. However, the neural correlates of different in-group biases are still not clear, especially regarding possible cultural differences. A total of 44 participants (20 Chinese and 24 Germans) were recruited and completed a social categorization fMRI-task, categorizing faces according to their ethnicity and a learned team membership. Our behavioral results revealed both in-ethnicity and in-team bias in German participants, but not in Chinese participants. Our imaging results, however, showed both biases across all participants, as reflected in increased dorsal medial frontal cortex (MFC) activation for in-ethnicity, as well as in-team categorizations, while activation in ventral MFC was higher for in-ethnicity faces in Chinese participants than in the German participants. Our results highlight the importance of the dorsal MFC for in-group categorization across cultures and suggest that cultures might modulate in-group biases.
Understanding the Effect of Structural Diversity in WRKY Transcription Factors on DNA Binding Efficiency through Molecular Dynamics Simulation

A precise understanding of the molecular mechanism involved in stress conditions has great importance for crop improvement. Biomolecules, such as WRKY proteins, which are the largest transcription factor family that is widely distributed in higher plants, plays a significant role in plant defense response against various biotic and abiotic stressors. In the present study, an extensive homology-based three-dimensional model construction and subsequent interaction study of WRKY DNA-binding domain (DBD) in CcWRKY1 (Type I), CcWRKY51 (Type II), and CcWRKY70 (Type III) belonging to pigeonpea, a highly tolerant crop species, was performed. Evaluation of the generated protein models was done to check their reliability and accuracy based on the quantitative and qualitative parameters. The final model was subjected to investigate the comparative binding analysis of different types of WRKY–DBD with DNA-W-box (a cis-acting element) by protein–DNA docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The DNA binding specificity with WRKY variants was scrutinized through protein–DNA interaction using the HADDOCK server. The stability, as well as conformational changes of protein–DNA complex, was investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for 100 ns using GROMACS. Additionally, the comparative stability and dynamic behavior of each residue of the WRKY–DBD type were analyzed in terms of root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF)values of the backbone atoms for each frame taking the minimized structure as a reference. The details of DNA binding activity of three different types of WRKY–DBD provided here will be helpful to better understand the regulation of WRKY gene family members in plants.
Effectiveness of Storytelling Method In Life Mapping on The Reduction of Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents

The study aims to test the effectiveness of storytelling life mapping as a way to reduce aggressive behavior in adolescents. The study participants were 110 participants aged 12-15 years who had aggressive behavior in school. Eight sessions of storytelling life mapping applied for 60 minutes / session. The research design used is Pretest Posttest Control Group Design. Measuring tool used the scale of aggressive behavior of adolescents. The comparison of the effectiveness of storytelling of life mapping for the control group and the experimental group was significant, indicating that the aggressive behavior of adolescents decreased.
Quality Improvement Methodologies – PDCA Cycle and Six Sigma in E-learning System

: With increasing demand for E-learning, there is growing concern about the ability to ensure its quality.This paper identifies the e-learning system quality issues, which are related to the user, teacher, course, design, technology, and environment. Then the paper discusses how to implement the Total Quality Management (TQM) in e-learning system to achieve the most advantages from it.
High resolution assimilation of IASI ozone data with a global CTM

Abstract. The pixel size of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) remote sensor is much smaller than the horizontal grid size of current Chemical Transport Models (CTMs). In order to assimilate the maximum of information from the IASI retrievals, we have increased the horizontal resolution of our model MOCAGE to be consistent with the IASI pixel size. Experiments are carried out with the Valentina data assimilation system using the standard and the high resolution versions of the model. Two resolutions of the horizontal Gaussian grid have been used for the model: with a T42 and a T170 triangular truncations. Our study is based on the combination of data from the IASI instrument and from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), since this latter dataset allows the information to be spread through the whole atmospheric columns at a low computational cost. Two datasets of ozone super-observations have been constructed by averaging the IASI data on the two model grids. Direct model simulations without data assimilation first show that the increase of the horizontal resolution modifies the ozone smallest scale structures as well as the ozone meridional distribution. This modification results from a better representation of the vertical velocity with the T170 configuration. When the ozone assimilation is performed there is less influence of the horizontal resolution of the model. Nevertheless, in a general way, comparisons with independent data show large reductions of the ozone standard deviations when the resolution is increased. When the ozone assimilation is performed with the high resolution dataset, the high resolution model does not improve the ozone analysis compared to the one obtained with the same model resolution but with the low resolution IASI dataset. This result is due to the difficulty to combine IASI data and MLS data. For assimilating IASI data at high resolution the horizontal correlation length-scale has to be decreased to catch the small scale structures present in the dataset. By doing so the influence of the coarser resolution MLS data is decreased and part of the information brought on the vertical shape of the ozone profile is lost. It is concluded that it is essential to add information on the vertical distribution of ozone column when the IASI data is assimilated at a resolution close to the pixel size. Using IASI averaging kernels would likely improve the simulations, but the computational cost would be much higher. Alternatively, better results might be obtained by a careful tuning of the horizontal correlation length-scale.
Relationship between inorganic ion distribution, resting membrane potential, and the ΔG' of ATP hydrolysis: a new paradigm

Cell membrane potential and inorganic ion distributions are currently viewed from a kinetic electric paradigm, which ignores thermodynamics. The resting membrane potential is viewed as a diffusion potential. The 9 major inorganic ions found in blood plasma (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+, H+, Cl–, HCO3–, H2PO4–, and HPO42–) are distributed unequally across the plasma membrane. This unequal distribution requires the energy of ATP hydrolysis through the action of the Na+‐K+ ATPase. The cell resting membrane potential in each of 3 different tissues with widely different resting membrane potentials has been shown to be equal to the Nernst equilibrium potential of the most permeant inorganic ion. The energy of the measured distribution of the 9 major inorganic ions between extra‐ and intracellular phases was essentially equal to the independently measured energy of ATP hydrolysis, showing that the distribution of these 9 major ions was in near‐equilibrium with the ΔG‘ of ATP. Therefore, thermodynamics does appear to play an essential role in the determination of the cell resting membrane potential and the inorganic ion distribution across the plasma membrane. —Veech, R. L. , King, M. T. , Pawlosky, R. , Bradshaw, P. C. , Curtis, W. Relationship between inorganic ion distribution, resting membrane potential, and the ΔG‘ of ATP hydrolysis: a new paradigm. FASEB J. 33, 13126–13130 (2019). www.fasebj. org
Selection and crossbreeding in Mediterranean cultured marine fish

As profit margins decline, and gains from husbandry improvement diminish, marine fish farmers around the Mediterranean are considering the development and use of genetically improved fish strains to increase productivity and profitability. To date, published data on the use of crossbreeding (intraspecific hybridization) and selection in marine Mediterranean cultured species are available only for the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Crossbreeding: to date, crosses between S. aurata strains usually yielded little heterosis. Between strain selection: differences for growth and survival performance in culture were detected among several Eastern Mediterranean strains of gilthead sea bream S. aurata. Within strain selection: mass selection rather than family selection, was technically possible for the group spawning S. aurata. Single generation up-selection for weight increase yielded -0.4% to 10.9% gain (average gain of 7.3%), and down-selection for weight decrease yielded 8.5% to 16.2% loss at harvest weight. Gain from selection for increase weight was attributed to increased food conversioenf ficiency.
Specific Response ( Anonymous Referee # 2 )

A simple plume implementation of the second version (v2) of the Max Planck Institute Aerosol Climatology, MACv2-SP, is described. MACv2-SP provides a prescription of anthropogenic aerosol optical properties and an associated Twomey effect. It was created to provide a harmonized description of post 1850 anthropogenic-aerosol radiative forcing for climate modelling studies. MACv2-SP has been designed to be easy to implement, change and use, and thereby enable studies exploring the climatic effects of different patterns of aerosol radiative forcing, including a Twomey effect. MACv2-SP is 5 formulated in terms of nine spatial plumes associated with different major anthropogenic source regions. The shape of the plumes is fit to the Max Planck Institute Aerosol Climatology, version 2, whose present day (2005) distribution is anchored by surface-based observations. Two types of plumes are considered: one predominantly associated with biomass burning, the other with industrial emissions. These differ in the prescription of their annual cycle and in their optical properties, thereby implicitly accounting for different contributions of absorbing aerosol to the different plumes. A Twomey effect for each plume 10 is prescribed as a change in the host model’s background cloud-droplet population density using relationships derived from satellite data. Year to year variations in the amplitude of the plumes over the historical (1850 to 2016) period are derived by scaling the plumes with associated national emission sources of SO
The NGFR100W Mutation Specifically Impairs Nociception without Affecting Cognitive Performance in a Mouse Model of Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type V

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a key mediator of nociception, acting during the development and differentiation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and on adult DRG neuron sensitization to painful stimuli. NGF also has central actions in the brain, where it regulates the phenotypic maintenance of cholinergic neurons. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a key mediator of nociception, acting during the development and differentiation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and on adult DRG neuron sensitization to painful stimuli. NGF also has central actions in the brain, where it regulates the phenotypic maintenance of cholinergic neurons. The physiological function of NGF as a pain mediator is altered in patients with Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy type V (HSAN V), caused by the 661C>T transition in the Ngf gene, resulting in the R100W missense mutation in mature NGF. Homozygous HSAN V patients present with congenital pain insensitivity, but are cognitively normal. This led us to hypothesize that the R100W mutation may differentially affect the central and peripheral actions of NGF. To test this hypothesis and provide a mechanistic basis to the HSAN V phenotype, we generated transgenic mice harboring the human 661C>T mutation in the Ngf gene and studied both males and females. We demonstrate that heterozygous NGFR100W/wt mice display impaired nociception. DRG neurons of NGFR100W/wt mice are morphologically normal, with no alteration in the different DRG subpopulations, whereas skin innervation is reduced. The NGFR100W protein has reduced capability to activate pain-specific signaling, paralleling its reduced ability to induce mechanical allodynia. Surprisingly, however, NGFR100W/wt mice, unlike heterozygous mNGF+/− mice, show no learning or memory deficits, despite a reduction in secretion and brain levels of NGF. The results exclude haploinsufficiency of NGF as a mechanistic cause for heterozygous HSAN V mice and demonstrate a specific effect of the R100W mutation on nociception. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The R100W mutation in nerve growth factor (NGF) causes Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy type V, a rare disease characterized by impaired nociception, even in apparently clinically silent heterozygotes. For the first time, we generated and characterized heterozygous knock-in mice carrying the human R100W-mutated allele (NGFR100W/wt). Mutant mice have normal nociceptor populations, which, however, display decreased activation of pain transduction pathways. NGFR100W interferes with peripheral and central NGF bioavailability, but this does not impact on CNS function, as demonstrated by normal learning and memory, in contrast with heterozygous NGF knock-out mice. Thus, a point mutation allows neurotrophic and pronociceptive functions of NGF to be split, with interesting implications for the treatment of chronic pain.
Intermittent Nonhabitual Coffee Consumption and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background Though it is a widely held belief that caffeinated beverages predispose individuals to arrhythmias, it is not clear whether regular coffee consumption is associated with development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective We examined the association between long-term coffee consumption and development of AF in both habitual (≥0.5 cups of daily coffee) and nonhabitual (<0.5 cups/day) drinkers. Methods A total of 5,972 men and women, aged 45-84 years and without a history of cardiovascular disease at baseline in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were followed from 2000 to 2014 for incident AF with baseline coffee consumption assessed in 2000-2002 via a Food Frequency Questionnaire and divided into quartiles of 0 cups/day, >0 to <0.5 cups/day, ≥0.5 to 1.5 cups/day, and ≥1.5 cups/day. Results Out of the 828 incident cases of AF, intermittent coffee consumption (>0 to 0.5 cups of daily coffee) was associated with a greater risk of incident AF (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01-1.48) relative to 0 cups/day in multivariable Cox proportional hazards models after adjustment for numerous AF risk factors. This relation was particularly pronounced in men (adjusted HR=1.36, 95% CI 1.04-1.77). Higher coffee consumption was not associated with AF risk (HR 1.03, 95%CI 0.93-1.14 for ≥0.5 to 1.5 cups/day and 1.05, 95%CI 0.97-1.13 for ≥1.5 cups/day). Conclusions While there appears to be no dose-response association between habitual coffee intake and AF risk, we found evidence that intermittent, but not habitual, coffee consumption is associated with a modestly increased risk of incident AF that deserves further study.
Energy and Health Efficiencies in China with the Inclusion of Technological Innovation

The price people pay for low energy efficiency includes not only high manufacturing costs, but also public health. With technological innovation as the driving factor for improving energy efficiency, this study uses two-stage dynamic undesirable data envelopment analysis (TDU-DEA) under variable return to scale to evaluate energy and health efficiencies with inclusion of technological innovation in 30 provinces of China over the period 2013–2016. The results show that the mean overall efficiencies and ranks in the eastern region are significantly higher than those in the non-eastern region, with or without the inclusion of technological innovations, and that energy efficiency in most provinces is higher than health efficiency. The average technological innovation efficiencies for energy conservation are higher than those for respiratory medical treatment. The former gap between the eastern region and non-east region is also smaller than the latter. Lastly, regions with the best technological innovation efficiencies are Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shandong, Shanxi, Tianjin, Xinjiang, and Yunnan.
Implementation and Evaluation of Enhanced Areal Interpolation using Mapinfo and MapBasic Bachelor of Science ( Mathematics )

Many researchers today have a need to analyse data in a spatial context. An inherent problem is the mismatch of boundaries between the geographic regions for which data is collected and those regions for which the data is required. Often the solution is to interpolate data from one set of regions to another. This project examines and implements a method of areal interpolation that enables the user to use extra information in areal interpolation to increase the "intelligence ' of the process. This method of Enhanced Areal Interpolation uses a conditional Poisson distribution and the EM algorithm to provide estimated values of a variable. Enhanced Areal Interpolation assumes that data is available for a set of source regions, and is required for a set of target regions. Extra information available about the target regions provides an improved fit of the estimates compared to Areal Weighting Interpolation which uses area proportionality to distribute the data. The theory and concepts are illustrated with an example and implemented using the software packages Maplnfo version 3 for Windows and MapBasic version 3 for Windows.
Kicking in Soccer

Kicking as the defining action of soccer has gained huge interest within the scientific community with respect to practice, coaching, science and technology. This paper focuses on current knowledge of soccer kicking, including its biomechanical description, skill execution, kicking techniques, performance criteria, and measurement technology . Additionally, it refers to a fairly new research aspect, the influence of soccer footwear on the kicking movement and consequently on kicking success as it has been shown that soccer footwear alters the biomechanics of kicking. Finally, future directions of research are suggested that are helpful to enhance the fundamental understanding of kicking.