Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Broadband coplanar-waveguide and microstrip low-noise amplifier hybrid integrations for k-band substrate integrated waveguide applications on low-permittivity substrate

K-band low-noise amplifier (LNA) chips are integrated in low-permittivity coplanar waveguide (CPW) and microstrip (MS) structures and are interconnected with substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) ports for direct applications in hybrid SIW technology. A commercial Hittite LNA chip is employed, and special transitions provide the interface between CPW or MS and SIW. The LNA with SIW-to-CPW transitions achieves more than 20 dB gain between 18 and 26.5 GHz, and input/output return losses remain below 10 dB between 21.5 and 26.5 GHz. Related design values for the LNA integration within SIW-to-MS transitions are: the gain is greater than 21 dB; the input/output return loss is better than 12 dB over the entire frequency range. Measurements of a back-to-back SIW-to-CPW transition are provided to put these values in perspective. The maximum noise figures are measured to be better than 4.6 and 4.2 dB, respectively, between 18 and 26.5 GHz. A comparison with measurements performed with an evaluation board supplied by the LNA manufacturer demonstrates successful K-band LNA chip integrations within CPW/MS and SIW.
Should the Federal Government Tiago

Federal transfers in the USA comprises some components such as retirement and disability payments for individuals, other direct payments for individuals or organizations, grants, procurement contracts, and wages. It is recognized that one of the goals of federal transfers is to alleviate di¢ cult times within states. Is the composition of federal transfers budget having an optimal e¤ect on the business cycle or should the federal government re-allocate some expenditures? In this paper, we argue that federal government may better enhance cyclical output if some reallocation is made from direct payments for individuals to direct payments for organizations, grants, and procurement contracts. JEL Classi cation: H77, E32; E61; C33; O51. Keywords: Components of Federal Transfers, Cyclical Output, Panel Data, GMM. UBI and INOVA, UNL. sequeira@ubi.pt. Management and Economics Department. Universidade da Beira Interior. Estrada do Sineiro, 6200-209 Covilhã, Portugal. Tiago Neves Sequeira acknowledges the nancial support from POCI/FCT. yISCTE and UNIDE. alexandra.ferreira. lopes@iscte.pt. ISCTE, Economics Department, Avenida das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisbon, Portugal. Phone: +351 217903456, Fax: +351 217903933.
The University of Auckland Year Dynamic Panel Estimation and Homogenity Testing Under Cross Section Dependence

Least squares bias in autoregression and dynamic panel regression is shown to be exacerbated in case of cross section dependence. The bias is substantial and is shown to have serious effects in applications like HAC estimation and dynamic half-life response estimation. To address the bias problem, this paper develops a panel approach to median unbiased estimation that takes into account cross section dependence. The new estimators given here considerably reduce the effects of bias and gain precision from estimating cross section error correlation. The paper also develops an asymptotic theory for tests of coefficient homogeneity under cross section dependence, and proposes a modiÞed Hausman test to test for the presence of homogeneous unit roots. An orthogonalization procedure is developed to remove cross section dependence and permit the use of conventional and meta unit root tests with panel data. Some simulations investigating the Þnite sample performance of the estimation and test procedures are reported.
The Impact of an Urban Scrapyard Fire on Respiratory-related Pediatric Emergency Department Visits.

OBJECTIVE In Philadelphia, a scrapyard fire generated PM2.5 concentrations >1000 μg/m. We assessed whether this was associated with pediatric emergency department visits for respiratory diagnoses. DESIGN/METHODS Retrospective observational study using electronic health record data from a local, academic pediatric hospital. RESULTS Compared to the two-week prior before the fire, patients living directly north of the fire (downwind) had a significant difference in all asthma diagnoses (OR = 3.02, p = 0.03); asthma & upper respiratory infection (OR = 17.3, p = 0.01); overall admissions (OR = 3.04, p = 01); asthma admissions (OR = 4.45, p = .01); and asthma & upper respiratory infection admissions (OR = 15.0, p = 0.01). We did not observe any significant differences among visits or admissions from patients residing in other adjacent zip codes. CONCLUSION A localized, transient increase in PM2.5 was associated with increased pediatric ED visits for asthma among patients living downwind of the fire.
THE USE OF ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES BY YEMENI AUDITORS

This study sets out to investigate the extent to which Yemeni auditors use analytical review procedures during the audit of client’s financial statements.It also examines the stage of auditing procedure in which Yemeni auditors implement analytical review procedures.Moreover, the study determines the relationships between the importance’s factors and the use of analytical review procedures.The findings of the study have indicated that the Analytical Procedures were utilized on high percentage by audits in larger and high experienced audit firms compared to small and low experienced audit firms where the results have shown low percentage.Nevertheless, the role of auditors’ perception towards Analytical Procedures has proved to have a significant effect of usage of Analytical Procedures.
The development of assistant principals: a literature review

Purpose – The purpose of this review is to add to the discussion of assistant principals (APs), a position that has been under‐represented in the professional literature.Design/methodology/approach – An extensive search was undertaken on assistant principals, vice principals, and deputy head teachers from various sources, including journals, conference papers, doctoral dissertations, ERIC documents, articles from professional publications and organizations, and relevant books and chapters. Each document was thoroughly analyzed and common themes were identified.Findings – The assistant principalship is a unique entity because the position lacks a precise job description yet entails numerous tasks to ensure the success of a school. Although the assistant principal is a critical leader in schools, the position is underutilized and under‐researched. This review analyzes the roles, responsibilities, training, socialization, and typologies of the assistant principal.Research limitations/implications – As a resu.
of optimization techniques applied for the integration of distributed generation from renewable energy sources

6 Several potential benefits to the quality and relia bility of delivered power can be attained with the installation of distributed generation units. To ta ke 7 full advantage of these benefits, it is essential t o place optimally sized distributed generation unit s a appropriate locations. Otherwise, their 8 installation could provoke negative effects to powe r quality and system operation. Over the years, var ious powerful optimization tools were 9 developed for optimal integration of distributed ge neration. Therefore, optimization techniques are co ntinuously evolving and have been recently the 10 focus of many new studies. This paper reviews recen t optimization methods applied to solve the problem of placement and sizing of distributed 11 generation units from renewable energy sources base d on a classification of the most recent and highly cited papers. In addition, this paper analyses 12 the environmental, economic, technological, technic al, and regulatory drivers that have led to the gro wing interest on distributed generation 13 integration in combination with an overview about t he challenges to overcome. Finally, it examines all significant methods applying optimization 14 techniques of the integration of distributed genera tion from renewable energy sources. A summary of co mm n heuristic optimization algorithms with 15 Pro-Con lists are discussed in order to raise new p otential tracks of hybrid methods that haven’t been xplored yet. 16 17
Maternal Obesity and Risk of Early-onset Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis: Nationwide Cohort and Sibling-controlled Studies.

BACKGROUND Maternal overweight and obesity are related to risks of pregnancy and delivery complications that, in turn, are associated with newborn infections. We examined the associations between early pregnancy body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) and risk of early-onset neonatal bacterial sepsis (EOS). METHODS We conducted a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study of 1 971 346 live singleton infants born in Sweden between 1997 and 2016. Outcome was a culture-confirmed EOS diagnosis. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) of EOS according to BMI using proportional hazard models, and identified potential mediators. Among term infants, we conducted sibling-controlled analyses. RESULTS EOS risk per 1000 live births was 1.48; 0.76 in term and 15.52 in preterm infants. Compared with infants of normal-weight mothers (BMI, 18.5-24.9), the adjusted HR (95% confidence interval [CI]) of EOS for BMI categories <18.5, 25.0-29.9, 30.0-34.9, 35.0-39.9, and ≥40.0 were, respectively, 1.07 (.83-1.40), 1.19 (1.08-1.32), 1.70 (1.49-1.94), 2.11 (1.73-2.58), and 2.50 (1.86-3.38). Maternal overweight and obesity increased the risk of EOS by group B Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Half of the association was mediated through preeclampsia, cesarean section delivery, and preterm delivery. A dose-response association was consistently apparent in term infants only. In sibling-controlled analyses, every kilogram per meter squared interpregnancy BMI change was associated with a mean 8.3% increase in EOS risk (95% CI, 1.7%-15.3%; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS Risk of EOS increases with maternal overweight and obesity severity, particularly in term infants.
Two Anaerobic Ciliates (Ciliophora, Armophorea) from China: Morphology and SSU rDNA Sequence, with Report of a New Species, Metopus paravestitus nov. spec

The morphology and phylogeny of two metopid ciliates, collected from anaerobic habitats in China, were investigated using live observation, protargol staining method, and SSU rDNA sequencing. The new species Metopus paravestitus nov. spec. can be distinguished by a combination of the following features: oblong cell with densely arranged ectobiotic prokaryotes perpendicular to cell surface, filiform intracytoplasmic structures packed in the anterior portion of the cell. Our work also demonstrates the wide geographical distribution of Metopus es (Müller, 1776) Lauterborn, 1916. The order Metopida is consistently depicted as a paraphylum in SSU rDNA phylogeny. Metopus paravestitus nov. spec. is closely related to its marine congeners than to freshwater forms. The present study confirms once again the non‐monophyly of the genus Metopus and genus Metopidae.
Uromodulin to Osteopontin Ratio in Deceased Donor Urine is Associated with Kidney Graft Outcomes.

BACKGROUND Deceased-donor kidneys experience extensive injury, activating adaptive and maladaptive pathways therefore impacting graft function. We evaluated urinary donor uromodulin (UMOD) and osteopontin (OPN) in recipient graft outcomes. METHODS Primary outcomes: all-cause graft failure (GF) and death-censored graft failure (dcGF). SECONDARY OUTCOMES delayed graft function (DGF) and 6-month eGFR. We randomly divided our cohort of deceased donors and recipients into training and test datasets. We internally validated associations between donor urine UMOD and OPN at time of procurement, with our primary outcomes. The direction of association between biomarkers and graft failure contrasted. Subsequently, we evaluated UMOD:OPN ratio with all outcomes. To understand these mechanisms, we examined the effect of UMOD on expression of major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) in mouse macrophages. RESULTS Doubling of UMOD increased dcGF risk (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.1 (95% CI: 1.02-1.2)), whereas OPN decreased dcGF risk [aHR 0.94 (95% CI: 0.88-1)]. UMOD:OPN ratio ≤ 3 strengthened the association, with reduced dcGF risk [aHR 0.57 (0.41-0.80)] with similar associations for GF, and in the test dataset. A ratio ≤ 3 was also associated with lower DGF [aOR 0.73 (95% CI: 0.60-0.89)] and higher 6-month eGFR [adjusted B-coefficient 3.19 (95% CI: 1.28-5.11)]. UMOD increased MHCII expression elucidating a possible mechanism behind UMOD's association with GF. CONCLUSIONS UMOD:OPN ratio ≤3 was protective, with lower risk of DGF, higher 6-month eGFR and improved graft survival. This ratio may supplement existing strategies for evaluating kidney quality and allocation decisions regarding deceased-donor kidney transplantation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01848249.
The safety and efficacy of Sclerosing foam on treating venous leg ulcers

Abstract Background: Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are common throughout the world, which seriously affects the patient's work and life. Relevant researches suggested that sclerosing foam (SF) has potential benefits for VLUs. However, there is no consistent conclusion. The purpose of our study is to assess whether SF is effective and safe for VLUs. Methods: Relevant clinical randomized controlled trials will be obtained from a search of 8 databases (with no language restrictions) from their inception to May 2020: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Chinese Biological Medicine. Data will be analyzed using RevMan 5.3 after literature screening and data extraction according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cochrane Collaboration Risk of bias Tool will be applied in evaluating the quality of enrolled articles. The primary outcome is Closure of venous leg ulcers, ulcer healing rate, adverse events related to SF. The secondary outcomes include ulcer healing time, ulcer recurrence rate, pain. Risk ratio will be used for categorical data; mean differences will be used for measurement data. Where possible and appropriate, meta-analysis will be performed for each outcome. Results: To clarify whether Sclerosing foam can be safe and efficient on treating venous leg ulcers. Conclusion: Our review will provide useful information to judge whether Sclerosing Foam is an effective and safe intervention for patients with venous leg ulcers.
Risk factors for ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. The study aims to identify the risk factors for ulcerative colitis-colorectal cancer and to perform a survival curve analysis of the outcome. This retrospective cohort study included 254 patients from March 2016 to October 2017. Age, age at diagnosis, follow-up time, smoking status, and family history of colorectal cancer were analyzed as risk factors for colorectal cancer. The mean patient age was 46.6 ± 16.9 years; 5.5% of the patients were smokers and 49.6% had pancolitis. Six patients (2.36%) had colorectal cancer, which was associated with age at diagnosis (odds/hazard ratio 1.059 [95% confidence interval: 1.001–1.121]; P = .04), family history of colorectal cancer (12.992 [1.611–104.7]; P = .02), and follow-up time (0.665 [0.513–0.864]; P = .002). Active smoking was the main identified risk factor, after both logistic (8.477 [1.350–53.232]; P = .02) and Cox proportional-hazards (32.484 [2.465–428.1]; P = .008) regression analysis. The risk of colorectal cancer was 3.17% at 10 years and 4.26% at 20 years of follow-up. Active smoking and family history were identified as risk factors for colorectal cancer. These findings should aid the early identification of patients who require vigorous surveillance, and prevent exposure to risk factors.
Influences on smartphone adoption by language learners

With the growing versatility and accessibility in today’s society, smartphones have been emerging as a fertile ground for a more innovative and effective language learning environment. However, little is known about how to foster smartphone adoption amongst language learners as end-users. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors that drive students’ intention to use smartphones for language learning based on the Technology Acceptance Model by Fred Davis (1989). Completing the survey for this study were 348 university students who were studying English as a foreign language in Vietnam. Results of a regression analysis revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived playfulness and self-management of learning had a positive influence on students’ intention to use. The study thus provides practical implications for successful implementation of smartphones for language learning.
Measuring Virtual Reality Headset Resolution and Field of View: Implications for Vision Care Applications.

SIGNIFICANCE To judge the feasibility of virtual reality (VR) headsets for vision testing and treatment of binocular vision disorders and low vision, angular resolution (logMAR) and field of view must be known and may not be reliably provided. This is the first study to measure the limitations of VR systems for eye care applications. PURPOSE This study aimed to measure, in a sample of VR headsets, eye-to-screen distance and other physical and optical characteristics needed to calculate minimum angular resolution in logMAR and field of view in determining feasibility for vision applications. METHODS Eye-to-screen distance was measured, and logMAR, field of view, and maximum convergence demand were calculated for two standalone VR devices, Oculus Rift DK2 and HTC Vive, and, for four smartphone VR headsets, Zeiss VR1, Samsung Gear VR, VR Box, and SunnyPeak, each paired with four high-resolution smartphones, Samsung Galaxy S7/S8, iPhone X, and LG VR30. RESULTS On average, the smallest letter that could be displayed in VR was 0.41 ± 0.09 (20/51), ranging from 0.59 (20/78) in the DK2 to 0.28 (20/39) in VR Box with S7. Mean field of view was 50.2 ± 4.8°, ranging from 39.6° in the VR Box with S7 to 55° in the HTC Vive. The mean field of view when used as a low vision aid was 23.0° and 12.7° for 2.2× and 4×, respectively. The mean maximum near convergence demand produced for a 60-mm interpupillary distance was 38.6 ± 10. 1Δ. CONCLUSIONS The minimum angular resolution in logMAR of current VR technology is insufficient for visual acuity testing and may be insufficient for standalone treatment of amblyopia. Field of view during movie watching or gaming is about half that reported by manufacturers but adequate for some types of visual field testing. Use for vergence testing and training is a concern for headsets with long eye-to-screen distance or interpupillary distances <60 mm.
The Institutional Work of Oppression and Resistance: Learning from the Holocaust

In recent years there has been an outburst of studies aiming to advance our understanding of how actors do work to create, maintain and disrupt institutions. Drawing on work on the Holocaust, a largely neglected event in organization theory, we explore types of institutional work through which actors first maintain domination and grant acquiescence to oppression and, second, target oppressive systems through acts of resistance. This approach offers an opportunity to study a familiar set of processes and phenomena on fresh terms and to focus on key elements that existing studies on institutional work have neglected.
Calcium Binding by Arabinogalactan Polysaccharides Is Important for Normal Plant Development

Isolation and characterization of Arabidopsis arabinogalactan protein biosynthesis mutants suggest that this cell-surface proteoglycan can provide calcium for intracellular signaling pathways. Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are a family of plant extracellular proteoglycans involved in many physiological events. AGPs are often anchored to the extracellular side of the plasma membrane and are highly glycosylated with arabinogalactan (AG) polysaccharides, but the molecular function of this glycosylation remains largely unknown. The β-linked glucuronic acid (GlcA) residues in AG polysaccharides have been shown in vitro to bind to calcium in a pH-dependent manner. Here, we used Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants in four AG β-glucuronyltransferases (GlcAT14A, -B, -D, and -E) to understand the role of glucuronidation of AG. AG isolated from glcat14 triple mutants had a strong reduction in glucuronidation. AG from a glcat14a/b/d triple mutant had lower calcium binding capacity in vitro than AG from wild-type plants. Some mutants had multiple developmental defects such as reduced trichome branching. glcat14a/b/e triple mutant plants had severely limited seedling growth and were sterile, and the propagation of calcium waves was perturbed in roots. Several of the developmental phenotypes were suppressed by increasing the calcium concentration in the growth medium. Our results show that AG glucuronidation is crucial for multiple developmental processes in plants and suggest that a function of AGPs might be to bind and release cell-surface apoplastic calcium.
HippoBellum: Acute Cerebellar Modulation Alters Hippocampal Dynamics and Function

Here we examine what effects acute manipulation of the cerebellum, a canonically motor structure, can have on the hippocampus, a canonically cognitive structure. In male and female mice, acute perturbation of the cerebellar vermis (lobule 4/5) or simplex produced reliable and specific effects in hippocampal function at cellular, population, and behavioral levels, including evoked local field potentials, increased hippocampal cFos expression, and altered CA1 calcium event rate, amplitudes, and correlated activity. We additionally noted a selective deficit on an object location memory task, which requires objection-location pairing. We therefore combined cerebellar optogenetic stimulation and CA1 calcium imaging with an object-exploration task, and found that cerebellar stimulation reduced the representation of place fields near objects, and prevented a shift in representation to the novel location when an object was moved. Together, these results clearly demonstrate that acute modulation of the cerebellum alters hippocampal function, and further illustrates that the cerebellum can influence cognitive domains. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The cerebellum, a canonically motor-related structure, is being increasingly recognized for its influence on nonmotor functions and structures. The hippocampus is a brain region critical for cognitive functions, such as episodic memory and spatial navigation. To investigate how modulation of the cerebellum may impact the hippocampus, we stimulated two sites of the cerebellar cortex and examined hippocampal function at multiple levels. We found that cerebellar stimulation strongly modulates hippocampal activity, disrupts spatial memory, and alters object-location processing. Therefore, a canonically cognitive brain area, the hippocampus, is sensitive to cerebellar modulation.