Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The systematic position of Pteropus leucopterus and its bearing on the monophyly and relationships of Pteropus (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)

ABSTRACT Pteropus is the most speciose genus in Pteropodidae, currently comprising 65 species in 18 species groups. Here we examine whether Pteropus as currently understood is monophyletic. We sequenced three nuclear genes (RAG-1, RAG-2 and vWF) totalling c. 3.0 kbp from 18 species of Pteropus representing 12 species groups, plus Acerodon celebensis and megachiropteran outgroups representing all other subfamilies and tribes. Separate and combined parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses recovered a clade containing Acerodon as sister to all Pteropus species to the exclusion of the Philippine endemic taxon ‘P. leucopterus’, rendering Pteropus paraphyletic. We propose the revalidation of Desmalopex Miller, 1907, an available generic name for leucopterus, adopting the name combination Desmalopex leucopterus (Temminck, 1853). We discuss implications of this result and anticipate further modifications of the classification of Pteropus.
Open Innovation in Networks: Specifying Orchestration Capability for SMEs

Open innovation in multifirm networks has been a popular topic for long, and the focal firm with orchestration capability will enhance its innovation performance through networks. However, only recently, researchers started to study SME’s open innovation and networks, especially those from the low-tech industry. Besides multi firm networks, some organizational researchers are interested in the internal network organizational design of prospector firms putting innovation on top of the agenda. This paper analyzes how an SME from a traditional industry implements the prospector strategy through purposively built multi-level networks, i.e. an internal network organization and a multi firm innovation network. In order to get more innovation output from external and internal networks, orchestration capability is needed and should be applied in both levels of network organizations.
Content-Based Retrieval in Database Semantics A Theoretical Foundation for Practical NLP

Database Semantics (DBS) approaches practical (commercial) appli- cations of natural language processing by solving the most important theoreti- cal question first: How does the mechanism of natural language communication work? A model of natural language communication requires completeness (i) of function, (ii) of data coverage in different languages, and (iii) computational ef- ficiency for processing in real time. This paper shows how the practical retrieval from online texts may benefit from realizing the theoretical goals of DBS. DBS models the human prototype computationally as a talking robot. In this sense, DBS is agent-oriented - in contradistinction to the phrase structure analysis of gener- ative grammar, the truth-conditions of Montague grammar, the markup and statistical tagging of corpora, and other systems of past and current linguistic analysis and natural language processing, which are all sign-oriented. An agent-oriented approach to natural language models the cycle of communication by designing computational agents with bodies in the real world. The agents have inter- faces for recognition and action, an internal memory, an algorithm for reading content in and out, etc. The agents communicate with each other by using unanalyzed external language surfaces, and by switching between the speak, think, and hear modes. A sign-oriented approach, in contrast, tries to get by without the design of a cogni- tive agent. There is no distinction between the agent-external real world and an agent- internal cognition, there are no interfaces for recognition and action, there is no individual agent-internal memory, etc. Without differentiating between the speak and hear mode, sign-oriented generative grammars generate all language expressions either from the same "start symbol", e.g., S (top down generation) or combine categorized word forms into the same "result symbol", e.g., t for truth (bottom up amalgamation). 1 Corpus linguistics is also sign-oriented in that it applies only to recorded language data.
Late Triassic - Early Jurassic successions of the Atuel depocenter: sequence stratigraphy and tectonic controls

Biostratigraphic correlations of the Late Triassic - Early Jurassic successions of the Atuel depocenter allowed determining the accommodation changes and the possible tectonic controls on sedimentation. The Rhaetian - late Early Sinemurian deposits contain facies of slope-type fan deltas, braided fluvial systems and low sinuosity rivers with alternate bars deposited during a synrift phase. The late Early Sinemurian - Toarcian series host facies of intermediate (Gilbert to shelf) type fan deltas, braided and low sinuosity fluvial systems, wave-dominated estuaries, transgressive storm-dominated and turbidite-influenced marine shelves which record the sag phase. According to different criteria two stratigraphic schemes are proposed, the first one considering tectosedimentary units (TSU) and the second one using "Exxon-like" sequences. In the first scheme the synrift TSU matches the actual Precuyo Mesosequence and the sag TSU is partly equivalent to the Cuyo Mesosequence, mainly keeping the current mesosequence scheme for the Neuquen basin but assigning the fandeltaic deposits to the Precuyo Mesosequence. The second sequence scheme considers the whole Late Triassic - Early Jurassic succession as a part of the Cuyo Mesosequence, where the synrift deposits composes the detached lowstand system tract (LST) and most of the sag deposits makes the transgressive system tract (TST). The basal sequence boundary does not crop out, the flooding surface at the TST base and the maximum flooding surface at the TST top are respectively marked by the lowest estuarine levels and by black shales with suboxic-compatible bivalves (Bositra sp.).
Affiliation and Contact Information

This paper analyses the impact of the intensity of improved maize varieties adoption on food security and poverty using data collected in 2010 from maize-legume farming systems in rural Tanzania. We used a continuous treatment approach using generalized propensity score matching and parametric error correction approaches to reduce potential biases stemming from difference in observed characteristics. Estimates of the dose-response functions reveal that average probability of food security, average per capita food expenditure and the average probability of break-even and food surplus increase with the intensity of adoption. On the other hand, the probability of being poor, chronic and transitory food insecurity declines with the intensity of adoption. The results provide strong evidence for heterogeneous food security impacts at different levels of adoption. At low levels of adoption, the average and marginal treatment effects are low while the food security impacts increase substantially at higher level of adoption.
Preparation, structured deliberate practice and decision making in elite level football: The case study of Gary Neville (Manchester United FC and England)

Decision making in elite level sporting competition is often regarded as distinguishing success from failure. As an intricate brain-based process it is unlike other physical processes because it is invisible and is typically only evidenced after the event. This case study shows how an individual achieved great success in elite level professional football through consistent positive decision making on and off the field of play. Through prolonged interviewing, Gary Neville, a player from Manchester United Football Club, explored personal behaviours, the structure and activities of deliberate practice and his professional choices in match preparation. His career-long devotion to purposeful organised practice was focused on cognition, physical preparation, context-relative physical action and refined repetition to optimise his mental comfort while enhancing his match day performances. This approach was underpinned by diligent personal and collective organisation and by concerted action. Results provide an insight into the categorical nature of his deliberate practice, sport-specific information processing and match-based decision making. At the operational level, his process was mediated by a complex mental representation of ongoing and anticipated game situations; these representations were continuously updated during each match. Allowing for the limitations of the design, implications are provided for developmental and educational coaching, match preparation, deliberate practice activity and improved use of the performance analysis software packages in professional football.
THE LEXICON GRAMMAR OF A LANGUAGE

Lexicon-grammar is a model of syntax limited to the elementary sentences of a natural language. We present its main theoretical features, mostly inferred from large-scale empirical studies aimed at obtaining a large coverage of French. French is the earliest application, but other studies, in varied languages, have also been performed. The major principle is that the unit of meaning is not located at the level of the word, but at the level of elementary sentences; we will see how coherent descriptions of natural languages have been built on this basis.
Trends in real estate appraisal: An emerging context

This research investigates the residential real estate market in an emergent European country, Romania. Using data from approximately 300 sales transactions and another 300 nationally relevant rent transactions conducted between midyear 2010 and midyear 2011, the real estate market prices and rental prices have been processed using statistical techniques such as the General Linear Model, in order to identify the characteristics of properties with a significant influence over the analyzed context. The results show that heterogeneous real estate location related and physical characteristics such as type of real estate, existence of an elevator, thermal insulation, finishing works and floor area are significant variables that influence real estate prices in Romania. Moreover, the paper offers a database in the form of descriptive statistics for asset pricing, in this case residential single-family properties, the same as for the Gross Income Multiplier. This represents a starting point in developing a statistical basis on which future studies can attempt to explain the pricing differences observed in real estate. Key words: Emerging market, real estate, appraisal, influential factors.
A Survey of Security Research for Operating Systems

In recent years, information systems have become the social infrastructure, so that their security must be improved urgently. In this paper, the results of the survey of virtualization technologies, operating system verication technologies, and access control technologies are introduced, in association with the design requirements of the reference monitor introduced in the Anderson report. Furthermore, the prospects and challenges for each of technologies are shown.
One-Step Ultrafiltration Process for Separation and Purification of a Keratinolytic Protease Produced with Feather Meal

A purification technique to obtain keratinolytic proteases produced byBacillussp. P45 in a medium containing chicken feather meal as substrate is presented. The experiments were carried out in a dead-end ultrafiltration unit, and the influence of the membrane cutoff, pH of enzymatic extract, and operating pressure on the purification of keratinase were studied. The one-step ultrafiltration process with the membrane molecular mass cutoff of 10 kDa at pH 8.0 and operating pressure of 0.147 MPa showed an enzyme recovery of 87.8% and a 4.1-fold purification factor. It is showed that ultrafiltration could be potentially used in the purification of keratinases.
Output Tracking Control for Linear Systems with Time-Varying Delays

The problem of stability analysis and H ∞ output tracking control for linear systems with time-varying delays is studied. First, by construction of a newly augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, a delay-dependent stability criterion for nominal systems with time-varying delays is established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Second, based on theH ∞ sense, the proposed method is extended to solve the problem of designing an H ∞ output tracking controller to track the output of a given reference model. Finally, three examples are included to show the validity and effectiveness of the presented delay-dependent stability and theH ∞ output tracking controller design.
Techniques for Collecting Qualitative Field Data in Education Research: Example of Two Studies in Information Technology Field

Qualitative research methods have gained attention in education research because they enable investigation of several people-related issues that cannot be researched with the use of quantitative methods. Qualitative data are mostly collected as unstructured text by using variety of techniques. Collected data are grounded in research participants’ experiences and everyday practice. Application of well-established methods for data collection and analysis ensures that research findings accurately present the investigated phenomenon. In this paper, are presented the excerpts from two studies that use different techniques in collecting qualitative field data. The studies are related to university level education within the field of information technology. Both authors in the course of their research used the principles of grounded theory to analyze the qualitative data. According to the experience that they have gained in this process, they reflect on some problems encountered during the process of collecting data, discuss the pros and cons of their choice and exemplify the most fruitful data that emerged in their studies. The paper concludes with some suggestions for further research in the field.
Spectropolarimetry of the Type IIb SN 2008aq

We present optical spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry of the Type IIb SN 2008aq 16 days and 27 days post-explosion. The spectrum of SN 2008aq remained dominated by Hα P Cygni profile at both epochs, but showed a significant increase in the strength of the helium features, which is characteristic of the transition undergone by supernovae between Type IIb and Type Ib. Comparison of the spectra of SN 2008aq to other Type IIb SNe (SN 1993J, SN 2011dh, and SN 2008ax) at similar epochs revealed that the helium lines in SN 2008aq are much weaker, suggesting that its progenitor was stripped to a lesser degree. SN 2008aq also showed signifi- cant levels of continuum polarisation at pcont= 0.70 (± 0.22) % in the first epoch, increasing to pcont=1.21 (± 0.33) % by the second epoch. Moreover, the presence of loops in the q − u planes of Hα and He I in the second epoch suggests a departure from axial symmetry.
Determination of local material properties of OSB sample by coupling advanced imaging techniques and morphology-based FEM simulation

Abstract The goal was to determine local mechanical properties inside of oriented strand board (OSB) based on a realistic morphology-based finite element (FE) model and data acquired from a physical test performed on the same material. The spatial information and local grayscale intensity from CT-scans obtained from small OSB sample was transformed into a 2D regular morphology-based FE mesh with corresponding material properties. The model was then used to simulate the actual compression test performed on the specimen using simplified boundary conditions. The simulated strain fields from the model were compared with the actual strain field measured on the specimen surface during the compression test by means of a full-field optical method, named digital image correlation (DIC). Finally, the original set of material properties was adjusted by an iterative procedure to minimize the difference between the simulated and the measured strain data. The results show that the developed procedure is useful to find local material properties as well as for morphological modeling without the need of segmentation of the image data. The achieved results serve as a prerequisite for full 3D analyses of the complex materials.
Competition between honeybees (Apis mellifera) and native solitary bees in the Mediterranean region of Israel—Implications for conservation

The hypothesis that honeybees (Apis mellifera) compete for floral resources with native bees was studied mainly in areas outside the original range of the honeybees, i.e., where they are introduced. We studied the effect of honeybees on the foraging behavior of native solitary bees in Israel, within the natural distribution range of the honeybee, by manipulating the presence and absence of beehives in the study sites: Ramat Hanadiv Park and Carmel National Park. We examined the possible degree of competition between honeybees and native solitary bees by observing their foraging on focal nectariferous plants. Temporal introduction of hives increased the visitation frequencies of honeybees to our focal plants and decreased the overall average visitation frequencies of native solitary bees. However, the effect of honeybees varied among native bee species, focal plants, and years. In some cases, honeybees had a negative effect on visitation rates of the other bees, while in other cases we did not find such an.
Experimental Study and Computational Simulation for Shock Characteristics Estimation of Okinawa’s Soils “Jahgaru”

To clarify the shock characteristics of Okinawa’s unique soils “ Jahgaru ” that is widely distributed in southern part of Okinawa Main Island, an experimental investigation of dynamics properties such as shockwave propagation, pressure and particle velocity have been performed using impedance matching method. Therefore, we have also obtained the Hugoniot date of “ Jahgaru ”. And then, to reveal a validity of the material characteristics, a computational model for the experimental procedure using ALE simulation have been developed. A comparison between numerical results and experimental ones, the capability of proposed method through the numerical simulations have been confirmed.
Can Aid Improve People Health in Sub-Saharan African Countries?

This paper analyzes the effects of aid on health of people in Sub-Saharan African Countries. Used as health indicators for infant mortality rate, crude mortality rate and HIV/AIDS prevalence rate, this analysis uses panel data for a sample of 43 countries over the period of 1990 to 2014. Through assessing the effect of aid on reducing mortality and HIV prevalence, the article examines a central issue with regard to the new global development agenda: Can we still promote health through increased aid? The results tend to show that aid significantly reduces crude mortality and infant mortality rates and HIV/AIDS prevalence rate. They do not validate the presence of decreasing marginal returns. However, the impact of aid on health indicators is not linear. This non-linearity suggests that aid is more effective in reducing mortality and HIV prevalence in relatively poorest countries and in those with relatively lower health expenditure. Thus, health promotion in sub-Saharan African countries through increased aid is possible.
On the problem of optimal inference for time heterogeneous data with error components regression structure

Time heterogeneity, or the fact that subjects are measured at different times, occurs frequently in non-experimental situations. For time heterogeneous data having error components regression structure it is demonstrated that under customary normality assumptions there is no estimation method based on Maximum Likelihood, Least Squares, Within-subject or Between-subject comparisons that is generally superior when estimating the slope of the regression line. However, in some situations it is possible to give guidelines for the choice of an optimal procedure. These are expressed in terms of the variability of the times for the measurements and also of the inter-subject correlation. The results are demonstrated on data from a longitudinal medical study.
Nonlinear control of competitive mixed-culture bioreactors via specific cell adhesion

A nonlinear control strategy for continuous biological reactors with competitive mixed-cultures is proposed. The desired operating point, which corresponds to coexistence of the two cell populations, is unstable because the cellular growth rates differ. We utilize specific cell adhesion to separate and selectively recycle the slower growing population in order to stabilize the desired coexistence steady state. The recycle loop is operated periodically so that the adhesion column can be regenerated after each sample is processed. The nonlinear control law is derived by applying input-output linearization to an approximate dynamic model that assumes continuous separation of the cell populations. A nonlinear closed-loop observer is used to generate one-time-delay-ahead predictions of the measured cell concentrations and the unmeasured substrate concentration. The efficacy of the proposed control strategy is evaluated via simulation.
Pseudo-Measurements as Aiding to INS during GPS Outages

The complementary nature of INS and GPS navigation systems can be used advantageously in navigation systems design, as long as GPS measurements are available. However, when GPS measurements become unavailable (e.g., in urban environments or during jamming), the INS navigation solution will drift with time due to inherent bias. We propose fusing pseudo-measurements with INS as a means to circumvent this problem. This is carried out using knowledge of the platform behavior, and translation of the operating environment's features into pseudo-measurement aiding for the estimation process. Field experiments show significant improvement in the accuracy of the estimated vehicle states.
Natural Reproduction of Kutum Rutilus Kutum (Kamenskii, 1901) in Nesarud and Kazemrud Rivers with Respect of the of Water Quality in the Shale Venture Method

The Caspian Kutum Rutilus kutum natural reproduction by shale technique in Nesarud and Kazemrud Rivers (Mazandaran province, Iran) was conducted in March 2017. A total of 353 and 865 spawners of male and female with the sex ratio of 5.1 to 1 were reintroduced to the rivers, respectively. The macrobenthic and fishes were sampled in three stations set downstream and upstream of shale cites monthly. In a review of two rivers, 8,000 macrobenthic were collected belonging to Oligochaeta, Diptera, Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera. Biological indices (EPT and EPT / CHIR) showed the status of water quality in Kazemrud River was better than Nesarud and the water quality declined from upstream to downstream of the rivers. Hilsenhoff biological index (HFBI) showed the Nesarud River water quality was relatively as poor classes quality and in the upstream and downstream of the Kazemrud shale was appropriate. The number of Rutilus kutum larvae hatched in the Nesarud and Kazemrud rivers were 2000000 and 4200000 individuals larvae, respectively and the number of juveniles in the were 1100000 and 1300000 individuals.