Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Focus on Airborne Particulate Matter from the Transport Sector

This issue of Aerosol Science and Technology includes two peer-reviewed papers presented at the conference Transport and Air Pollution (TAP) 2009 held at Toulouse, France, between June 2–4, 2009. This conference was the seventeenth of a series of conferences organized since 1986 with the aim of assessing the scientific knowledge on air pollution due to emissions from transportation systems. Similarly to the other TAP conferences, discussions covered a wide spectrum of topics, from the characterization of atmospheric emissions from mobile engines, and their impact on air quality and on human health to the efficiency and acceptability of possible transport policies and mitigation measures to reduce both climateand health-relevant emissions. However, the distinctive feature of this seventeenth edition was the special emphasis on airborne particulate matter that is now well recognized to be deleterious to human health. It is currently acknowledged that the transport sector is a major source of airborne particulate matter. In urban areas of developed and developing countries, particle mass (PM), and particle number (PN) concentrations are strongly related to road transport. Both PM and PN concentrations have not decreased over the last decade despite the imposition of policies to reduce airborne particulate matter and its precursors (Harrison et al. 2008; Pérez et al. 2010/this issue). This statement of fact clearly shows that the knowledge of sources of airborne particulate matter is not as good as it was previously thought. In particular, it becomes obvious that the contributions of the transport sector to atmospheric particulate concentrations are not fully defined. First, on-road exhaust particulate emissions are likely not very well established because of unrealistic driving cycles (Joumard et al. 2000) and/or dilution conditions (Shi and Harrison 1999; Lipsky and Robinson 2006) used to produce vehicle emissions factors from chassis dynamometer experiments. Second, airborne particulate matter from the on-road transport sector also includes mechanically produced particles
Structure of Small Gold Clusters with Si Doping Using DFT (AunSi, n=1-10, 19)

The structures of silicon doped gold clusters AunSi (n = 1-10 and 19) have been investigated using first principle calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). Calculations indicate that the stability of a gold cluster increases with the introduction of a Si atom. In all the low lying geometries, Si prefers peripheral positions. For every ground state configuration with n > 3 (n = 6 and 9 being exceptions) Si has tetra-coordination. In almost all of the tetra coordinated geometries the coordination unit including Si, is in the form of a square pyramid with gold atoms forming the square base. Electronic properties such as HOMO-LUMO gap, ionization potential and electron affinity have also been calculated and support the relative stability of clusters with even n. The study of Au20 cage doped with Si atom has been done . Similar to smaller Si doped gold clusters; the Si atom prefers an exohedral position. The doping of Si atom has enhanced the stability and chemical reactivity of Au20 cluster.
Removal of organic compounds from waste streams: a combined approach.

A combination of factors, including costs associated with wastewater treatment and more restrictive and stringent controls on industrial effluent pollution have increased interest in water usage reduction, recycling and re-use opportunities. In this study a novel two-step approach to treatment of low concentrations of organic compounds in waste streams was investigated. Zeolite ZSM-5 was investigated with a view to examining its potential to function as both adsorbent and catalyst in the removal of aniline from aqueous solutions. The H-ZSM-5 zeolite was first loaded with copper before the aniline adsorption step. The aqueous stability of the exchanged copper on the zeolite was assessed as a function of solution pH. Minimum copper leaching was observed in the range pH 5 to pH 11 thus providing a stable working pH range for the 1.4Cu-ZSM-5 to function as an adsorbent material. Aniline adsorption was then carried out and an uptake level of 40 mg g aniline on the 1.4Cu-ZSM-5 zeolite was achieved. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir model and aniline uptake was largely uninfluenced by temperature. The kinetics of the adsorption process indicated that maximum uptake of aniline occurred within thirty minutes. In the second step of the process, the aniline loaded Cu-ZSM-5 adsorbent samples were subjected to a catalytic oxidation process and mass spectroscopic analysis of the catalytic reactor exhaust gases suggested clear oxidation of the aniline to carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen, with minor amounts of nitrogen oxide gases being produced.
Review of Common Bacterial Cause and Management of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea in Cattle

Neonatal calf diarrhea or calf scours is a common disease that affected the newborn calf and it occurs when the capability of the intestine to absorb fluid is impaired. Calf scours is not a single disease entity, it is a clinical syndrome associated with several diseases characterized by diarrhea. The scouring calf loses fluids, rapidly dehydrates and suffers from electrolyte loss. Many of the bacterial agents responsible for scours are commonly isolated in the environment and carrier adult animals within the herd. The primary bacterial agents responsible were E. coli, Salmonella and Clostridium species. Some E. coli species may cause profuse watery diarrhea while others may be linked to bloody scours of variable severity. The major concern with calf diarrhea is dehydration resulting from the cause of diarrhea. Oral rehydration is important in the prevention of dehydration. Strict biosecurity, biocontainment, improving management systems and vaccination are important methods to prevent calf diarrhea in dairy cattle.
Angular Dependence for ν‘, j‘-Resolved States in F + H2 → HF(ν‘, j‘) + H Reactive Scattering Using a New Atomic Fluorine Beam Source

Angular distributions are measured for individually resolved ν‘, j‘ states of HF produced by F + H2 → HF(ν‘ = 1, j‘) + H and F + H2 → HF(ν‘=2, j‘) + H reactive collisions in a crossed-beams scattering apparatus. Simultaneous resolution of the HF vibrational and rotational states is achieved spectroscopically for the first time, using laser excitation in conjunction with bolometric detection. The technique is sensitive to population differences between ν‘ = 1, j‘ and ν‘ = 2, j‘ − 1 states optically coupled by specific P2(j‘) lines of a vib-rotational chemical laser. The measurements are greatly facilitated by the development of a new high-temperature atomic fluorine beam source, which exhibits excellent stability, very high intensity, and narrow velocity distributions. Features common to individual product rotational states are as follows: strong backward scattering into ν‘ = 2, j‘; weaker backward scattering into ν‘ = 1, j‘; and heretofore unobserved scattering into ν‘ = 1, j‘ in the forward hemisphere.
The Emergence of Collective Intelligence Behavior

The argument for this abstract can be stated very simply. Any boundedly rational agent aware of their own limitations will come to rely upon their peers so as to collectively reach a higher degree of rationality than possible for an isolated individual. The individuals in such collectives develop metacognitive abilities and interdependent (transactive) processes that allow them to intelligently adapt their psychological decision environment by coordinating the available skills, attention, and goals needed to make these decisions correctly.
The Smartphone Technology Acceptance among Emarati Senior Adults

Smart phones became a need for all ages, and nowadays smart technology plays a key role in inhibiting new technologies to be used for business tasking, the convenience usage of smartphones and the ease of use is an emerging trend among different users, especially for senior adults. To use smart technology for managing personal tasks it became a demand among all users. This paper will focus on senior users between 40 – 60 years old living in UAE as there is no clear answer of how they are actually using it and what are the perceived usefulness they are getting by converting to smart devices to manage their daily lifestyle. Therefore, this paper main aim to use TAM model to capture detailed view among Emirati seniors perceived value and their acceptance to this innovative technology. These paper findings confirmed that there is a huge difference between the acceptance of young adults and senior adults toward smart devices in UAE and confirm that those usefulness and smartphone technology can be denied or rejected by seniors adults for many reasons, although it can influence them to accept the smart technology in future.
Technical Report: Applicative Matching Logic: Semantics ofK

K is a formal language semantics framework where programming languages are defined using configurations and rewrite rules. Language tools such as interpreters and program verifiers are automatically generated from language definitions. The wide applications ofK to real-world languages raise interest in its logical foundation and formal semantics. Existing work only considers fragments of K and formalizes a subset of its features. This paper proposes a simple logic called applicative matching logic (AML) as a new logical foundation for K. We show that AML captures all the logical frameworks that have been implemented fully or partially in K, including: many-sorted first-order logic (MSFOL); constructors and term algebras, with the inductive principle; MSFOL variants such as algebraic specifications, FOL with partial functions, and FOL with least fixpoints; order-sorted algebras; and parametric sorts/types. We then put everything together and formalize the semantics of K, by showing how program execution and verification are heuristics for AML proof search. Finally, we propose two new features for K, function and dependent sorts/types, based on the solid mathematical foundation provided by AML.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND NUTRITION STATUS OF WOMEN IN UTTARAKHAND

A bibliometric analysis of published biodiversity monitoring studies using remote sensing and geographic information system was carried out to quantitatively evaluate scientific research on various categories in a long span of 19 years between 1996–2015, in the western Himalayan states of India. The common remote sensing platform/sensors and scientific production of RS/GIS papers in any journal of all subject categories were studied. Studies related to geospatial modeling, invasive species, land use dynamics, phenology, forest fire and fragmentation, biodiversity assessment and mitigation as main subject categories in biodiversity research were analyzed. In the western Himalayan region, land use dynamics was the most important subject category followed by geospatial modelling. Medium to high spatial resolution sensors (e.g., Landsat, IRS, SPOT, ASTER) were used in studying all the subject categories. The published output analysis showed that RS/GIS research concerning biodiversity steadily increased over the past 19 years and the paper production in 20112015 was about 21 times 1996-2000 production outputs. The growth of article outputs has increased tremendously since 2011. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing and Current Science were most active journals in this field. Uttarakhand was the largest contributor in the region's biodiversity studies followed by Himachal Pradesh. The study revealed use of different sensors, and pattern in scientific outputs and subject categories highlighting the topics for further research advancements.
In vitro evaluation of Trichoderma species for antagonistic activity, fungicide tolerance and competitive saprophytic ability

Soil microbe interactions directly or indirectly affect plant health and soil quality. Plant growth-promoting and bio-control microorganisms have emerged as safe alternatives to chemical pesticides. Trichoderma species are known to exhibit antagonistic activity against a number of plant pathogenic organisms. The present study aims to understand antagonistic, pesticide tolerance and rhizosphere competence of three Trichoderma species namely Trichoderma harzianum, T. koningiiand T. pseudokoningiiin vitro. Trichoderma sp. were subjected against root wilt and rot causing pathogens namely Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotiumrolfsiivia dual culture and exhibited effective antagonistic activity. Dithane M-45 75% W. P. fungicide at different concentrations viz. 50,100,150,200,250,300 ppm was tested by poison food method and Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningiiexhibited tolerance to fungicide at 300 ppm. Fungal cultures, 2 x 106spore suspensions were analysed for saprophytic ability. 40 ml of Trichoderma sp. conidial suspensions and colonization of paddy straw segments at 1cm apart from the bottom of the sterile plastic cup filled with 200 g of autoclaved potting medium up to 7-cm length was determined at 10 and 21 days of incubation. Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningiiexhibited good saprophytic and colonization ability. Both T.harzianum and T. koningii was isolated at 7cm depth with colonization frequency of 100% and 88% respectively whereas T. pseudokoningii colonized till 4cm depth with isolation frequency of 38% at 21 days of incubation. Most of the Trichoderma species show effective in vitro antagonistic ability but success in field depends on colonization efficiency. Thus present study details on applicability and necessary modifications for field triumphs of biological agents.
Organic Electronics in Aqueous Environ- ment for Biological Applications

This review presents a brief overview of the applications of conjugated polymers in the area of bioelectronics. We have highlighted three examples from our laboratory where organic polymers are interfaced with biological media: (i) Soft substrates which are electrically conducting for tissue engineering applications, specific to central nervous system (ii) optoelectronic activity arising from photostimulation of semiconducting polymers in contact with aqueous electrolyte which resemble natural vision system and (iii) the utilization of phospholipid membrane in water-gated organic field effect transistor which can be used for sensor applications. These studies strongly indicate the utility of soft polymeric materials in biomedical applications.
Node Weighting Method in Centrality Measure of Complex Networks

Complex networks are one of the tools commonly used in modeling all kinds of events that are related to each other. The identification of effective nodes in complex networks is an important issue needed for the analysis of complex networks. Degree, closeness and betweenness measures are the most important centrality measures commonly used to analyze networks. As a local metric, degree is relatively simple and less effective, although global measures such as the measure of closeness and betweenness can better define effective nodes. However, there are still some disadvantages and limitations of all of these measures. Degree, closeness and betweenness measures are only the data obtained from the topological structure of the network. However, in determining the centralization of the node, other than the topological structure of the network that affect the formation of the network, but not expressed in the topological structure of the network is also effective. In this study, the node weighting method was developed for the determination of node centralization in the network and compared with the current node centering criteria. The experimental study was conducted on a network of players and played competitions in the Australian Open Tennis Tournament held between 2000-2017. By using criteria such as time, experience and success, the weights of the nodes were calculated and compared with the node centering criteria. The results obtained from the experimental study show that the node weighting method gives successful results in the determination of active nodes in complex networks.
Optimal Compensation of Reactive Power in Transmission Networks using PSO, Cultural and Firefly Algorithms

Increased demand for electrical energy and free market economies for electricity exchange, have pushed power suppliers to pay a great attention to quality and cost of the latter, especially in transmission networks. To reduce power losses due to the high level of the reactive currents transit and improve the voltage profile in transmission systems, shunt capacitor banks are widely used. The problem to be solved is to find the capacitors optimal number, sizes and locations so that they maximize the cost reduction. This paper is constructed as a function of active and reactive power loss reduction as well as the capacitor costs. To solve this constrained nonlinear problem, a heuristic technique, based on the sensitivity factors of the system power losses, has been proposed. The proposed algorithm has been applied to numerous feeders and the results are compared with those of the authors having International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 114 No. 9 2017, 367-388 ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu Special Issue ijpam.eu
Diffusion-based Virtual Graph Adjacency for Fourier Analysis of Network Signals

—This work proposes a graph model for networks where node collaborations can be described by the Markov property. The proposed model augments an initial graph adjacency using diffusion distances. The resulting virtual adjacency depends on a diffusion-scale parameter, which leads to a controlled shift in the graph-Fourier-transform spectrum. This enables a frequency analysis tailored to the actual network collaboration, revealing more information on the graph signal when compared to traditional approaches. The proposed model is employed for anomaly detection in real and synthetic networks, and results conﬁrm that using the proposed virtual adjacency yields better classiﬁcation than the initial adjacency.
THE ACCEPTANCE OF THE E-FILING SYSTEM BY INDIAN TAXPAYERS: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

Tax e-filing is one of the e-government services that have been adopted by many developed countries, where the public has to emancipate their responsibility to the government through online tax filing. Indian economy is at a developing stage and there is still more to come in every stage of its development. The income tax department of India launched the electronic tax filing system of Income Tax Returns in year 2017. Despite the rapid adoption of etax filing in many countries, researchers have argued that due to its high perceived risk by public, there is a need to establish an integrated system that is reliable, especially in developing countries like India. The present study focuses on understanding the various aspects of e-taxation in India in the recent past, the present position and the future prospects. The study also tries to explore the factors within the technology acceptance model (TAM) that effects the adoption of e-taxation. The study will serve as a useful guideline for development of strategies in promoting the tax e-filing service in India.
Prediction of Evaporation from Algardabiya Reservoir

Evaporation has crucial role in water resources management. Recently many forms of the equation have been applied for estimating daily and monthly evaporation around the world. This paper presents the results of modeling the evaporation from Algardabiya Reservoir, Sirte, Libya. Three evaporation models namely Penman, Priestley-Taylor and Linacre were selected in order to predict the evaporation from the reservoir. The meteorological data were used as input to those selected models. The data were collected from a weather station located at the reservoir site. Statistical analyses were conducted to check the accuracy of the models predictions and the tests showed significant difference among the three models. only.
PbS in polymers. From molecules to bulk solids

The transition of PbS from molecular to bulk form has been observed in polymer films. As the particle size decreases the band gap shifts to the blue and eventually approaches the transition energy of the first allowed excited state, X→A, of a PbS molecule. Discrete absorption bands also appear. The electron‐hole‐in‐a‐box model with effective mass approximation cannot explain the observed size dependence. We have developed two theoretical models, both including the effect of band nonparabolicity, that successfully explain the observed size dependence down to about 25 A.
Sulfamethoxazole Removal from Synthetic Solutions by Ion Exchange using a Strong Anionic Resin in Fixed Bed

Numerous antibiotics like sulfonamides have been found in effluents from drug manufacturers due to the fact that these pollutants cannot be removed completely in STPs. Removal of pharmaceuticals by adsorption and ion exchange comprise some of the most promising techniques due to their low cost, easy regeneration, and selective removal of pollutants. This article studies the removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a common antibiotic that prevents the formation of dihydrofolic acid and which is the most frequently detected as sulfonamide in municipal sewage. The SMX retention capacity of an anionic ion exchange resin, Lewatit MP-500 (Lanxess Chemical), was initially determined. Equilibrium and kinetics were studied and equilibrium constants and diffusivity values were obtained using different models. Load and elution breakthrough curves were plotted to evaluate ion exchange operation in a fixed bed column. In the elution step, 100% SMX was recovered in all cycles and could be concentrated up to nine times, thus facilitating the treatment of this compound. Load and elution breakthrough curves were simulated using a fixed bed model in which axial dispersion was considered the parameter model fit. A good correlation between experimental results and the numerical solution of the fixed bed model demonstrates the validity of the model.
How do trade policies affect economic growth ?

This paper will discuss the impact of trade policies on economic growth and development. By considering discussions of the theory and an up to date review of the empirical literature with evidence from econometric and case studies, it is difficult to deny that trade policies played a significant role and positive influence on worldwide nations in terms of economic growth and development.
for Active Sonars

— In this paper the performance of pre-trained deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is compared to that of a classical machine learning approach for false alarm reduction of an active sonar application. Several pre-trained deep CNNs that are firstly introduced in the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenges (ILSVRC) are considered for classifying sonar contacts. The inputs for the CNNs are two-dimensional sonar images (level vs. bearing and time/range) of the contacts. Furthermore, a hand-crafted feature based feedforward neural network (FNN) is considered. The performance of the classifiers is compared to that of the standard active signal processing by means of Receiver-Operating-Characteristic (ROC) curves. It is shown that both classification techniques outperform the standard active signal processing in which the detector threshold represents the only adaptable parameter.