Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to implement the Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) to help the Regional Cleaning Company (in this case in Bandung City, Indonesia) in managing waste and maintain the cleanliness of urban cities in Indonesia like Bandung City. Methodology: Methodology used in this study is a qualitative method and Focus Group Interviewing to collect the data for the qualitative method. Main Findings: This study finds that from three types of waste management such as centralization, decentralization, and decentralization-centralization, the most appropriate waste management in Bandung is decentralization-centralization because most people in Bandung do not have a place for processing waste. Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) implemented in Bandung still has not optimal yet because the infrastructure and human resources are limited. Another factor is that public awareness of waste is still low among the society. Applications of this study: This study is the application of environmental studies on which results can form the basis of public policy. Novelty/Originality of this study: Bandung as one of the big and modern cities in Indonesia can become a benchmark, if even big cities are not optimal in managing sprouts, what about smaller cities in Indonesia. Therefore, the Indonesian government needs to be aware and optimize MSWM to improve the lives of its people in terms of cleanliness, beauty, and health.
BOLD signatures of sleep

Sleep can be distinguished from wake by changes in brain electrical activity, typically assessed using electroencephalography (EEG). The hallmark of non-rapid-eye-movement sleep are two major EEG events: slow waves and spindles. Here we sought to identify possible signatures of sleep in brain hemodynamic activity, using simultaneous fMRI-EEG. We found that, during the transition from wake to sleep, blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity evolved from a mixed-frequency pattern to one dominated by two distinct oscillations: a low-frequency (~0.05Hz) oscillation prominent in light sleep and a high-frequency (~0.17Hz) oscillation in deep sleep. The two BOLD oscillations correlated with the occurrences of spindles and slow waves, respectively. They were detectable across the whole brain, cortically and subcortically, but had different regional distributions and opposite onset patterns. These spontaneous BOLD oscillations provide fMRI signatures of basic sleep processes, which may be employed to study human sleep at spatial resolution and brain coverage not achievable using EEG. HIGHLIGHTS spontaneous BOLD oscillations differentiate sleep from wake low-frequency BOLD oscillation tracks sleep spindles high-frequency BOLD oscillation tracks sleep slow waves BOLD oscillations provide fMRI signatures of key sleep processes
3D broadband seismic inversion: Case study of exploration cretaceous sandstone, North Arafura Basin

This paper presents applications of Absolute and Relative Acoustic Impedance of seismic inversion for qualitative and quantitative seismic interpretation from 3D Broadband PSDM Post-stack Seismic data. A case study from the exploration area of Late Cretaceous – Early Cretaceous Clastics in Arafura Sea, eastern Indonesia has been perform in this work, where inside the study area have no well information for seismic inversion at all. The present work shows the promising contribution of applying 3D Broadband Seismic Velocity for background trend of 3D Post-Stack Model Based Seismic Inversion and perform interpretation from 3D Broadband Relative Acoustic Impedance to reduce the uncertainty associated with the seismic interpretation, to recognize the porous sand section (as an indication of hydrocarbon reservoirs) and to understand the distribution of the reservoir based on seismic data-driven, to later for define the high certainty location of exploration well.
Basic RED-5 adsorption on montmorillonite: faktorial design, equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

In this study, the adsorption performance of montmorillonite (MMT) was evaluated by Basic Red- 5 adsorption experiments considering the influencing factors (initial BR-5 concentration, dosage, time, pH, and temperature). The surface and structural properties were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, AFM, and BET techniques. The adsorption experiments were carried out by batch mode for the evaluation of isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. The results of equilibrium adsorption isotherm were interpreted using different isotherm models. The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm models, and the maximum adsorption capacity was found as 163.93 mg/g. Adsorption data of the BR-5 onto MMT provide well by pseudo-second-order model (R 2 = 0.999). The Δ H o , Δ S o and Δ G o values were calculated for the nature of the adsorption process. The analysis of the thermodynamic parameters showed spontaneous, exothermic, and viable adsorption of BR-5 under the investigated experimental conditions. A factorial design was applied to examine the effect of three factors initial concentration of dye (50 and 100 mg/L), time (60 and 120 min.) and dosage (0.05 and 1.00 mg/L) on the adsorption process. According to the results, with high efficient adsorption capacity and compatible surface properties are advantageous to be used for uptake of dyes.
An investigation into serotonergic and environmental interventions against depression in a simulated delayed reward paradigm

The disruption of the serotonergic (5HT) system has been implicated in causing major depression and the standard view is that a lack of serotonin is to blame for the resulting symptoms. Consequently, pharmacological interventions aim to increase serotonin concentration in its target areas or stimulating excitatory 5HT receptors. A standard approach is to use serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which cause a higher accumulation of serotonin. Another approach is to stimulate excitatory serotonin receptors with psychedelic drugs. This article compares these two approaches by first setting up a system-level limbic system model of the relevant brain areas and then modelling a delayed reward paradigm which is known to be disrupted by a lack of 5HT. Central to our model is how serotonin changes the response characteristics of decision-making neurons where low levels of 5HT allow small signals to pass through, whereas high levels of 5HT create a barrier for smaller signals but amplifying the larger ones. We show with both standard behavioural simulations and model checking that SSRIs perform significantly better against interventions with psychedelics. However, psychedelics might work better in other paradigms where a high level of exploration is beneficial to obtain rewards.
An Experimental Study of IoT Networks Under Internal Routing Attack

Internet of Things (IoT) deployments mostly relies on the establishment of Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) among a large number of constraint devices. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) provides an effective IPv6-based LLN routing protocol, namely the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network (RPL). RPL provides adequate protection against external security attacks but stays vulnerable to internal routing attacks such as a rank attack. Malicious RPL nodes can carry out a rank attack in different forms and cause serious network performance degradation. An experimental study of the impact of the decreased rank attack on the overall network performance is presented in this paper. In also besides, it is important to understand the main influencing factors in this context. In this study, several some many network scenarios were considered with varying network sizes, attacker properties, and topological setups. The experimental results indicate a noticeable adverse effect of the rank attack on the average PDR, delay, ETX, and beacon interval. However, such impact was varied according to network size, attacker position, attacker neighbor count, number of attack-affected nodes, and overall hops increase. The results give a practical reference to the overall performance of RPL networks under rank attacks.
How Corporate Political Strategies Are Related to Cost of Debt?

There are many factors, which play a vital role in the financing decisions of firms, and one of the important factors is corporate political strategies. This study examines the impact of corporate political strategies on the cost of debt of non-financial firms listed in the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). Corporate political strategies are measured through political connections. We use panel data of 250 firms from 2001 to 2018. Panel regression is applied to analyze the results. This study finds corporate political strategies negatively affect the cost of debt. This study provides useful policy implications for corporate stakeholders to know the importance of political connections while making the financing decision.
Mesoscale modeling of a “Dunkelflaute” event

In the near future, wind and solar generation are projected to play an increasingly important role in Europe's energy sector. With such fast-growing renewable energy development, the presence of simultaneous calm wind and overcast conditions could cause significant shortfalls in production with potentially serious consequences for system operators. Such events are sometimes dubbed “Dunkelflaute” events and have occurred several times in recent history. The capabilities of contemporary mesoscale models to reliably simulate and/or forecast a Dunkelflaute event are not known in the literature. In this paper, a Dunkelflaute event near the coast of Belgium is simulated utilizing the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Comprehensive validation using measured power production data and diverse sets of meteorological data (e.g., floating lidars, radiosondes, and weather stations) indicates the potential of WRF to reproduce and forecast the boundary layer evolution during the event. Extensive sensitivity experiments with respect to grid-size, wind farm parameterization, and forcing datasets provide further insights on the reliability of the WRF model in capturing the Dunkelflaute event.
Knowledge and Learning of Interreligious and Intercultural Understanding in an Indonesian Islamic College Sample: An Epistemological Belief Approach

Epistemological beliefs are the basis of how someone acquires knowledge and are used as a guide for behavior in everyday life. For religious fundamentalists, however, their belief in religious knowledge is very strong, causing them to negate different opinions and ideas. Since the radicalization process is closely related to the education process, two important epistemological concepts of belief about knowledge and belief about learning need to be tested to analyze the extent to which these two factors might be predictors of an individual’s tendency towards religious fundamentalism. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of epistemological beliefs on the religious fundamentalism of Muslim millennial youth. By using a simple random sampling method, data collection was conducted by distributing Likert-scale questionnaires to 195 Muslim undergraduate students at an Islamic institute in Kudus, Central Java. Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results showed that the proposed model was appropriate and eligible for hypothesis testing (p = 138, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.965, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.934, Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) = 0.978 and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.040). Furthermore, statistical analysis shows that epistemological beliefs in the form of beliefs about knowledge (critical ratio (C.R) = 4585 and p = 0.000) and beliefs about learning (C.R = 3202 and p = 0.001) have significant and positive effects on religious fundamentalism. These results highlight the importance of developing the concept of critical thinking in learning and inclusiveness-oriented education to eradicate religious fundamentalism among millennials.
Interactive Color Theme Editing System for Interior Design

In this paper, we develop a simple yet effective system for interactive indoor scene color theme editing. Our system permits the user to synthesize material/texture with user-specified colors and attaching the synthesized results to the given 3D indoor scenes. Two main improvements are made in this paper. Firstly, we give a new strategy to decompose texture to color, grey texture image and material parameters thus enable the user editing on certain of these items. Secondly, our system is a plus-in unit that integrated into Unity3D. Thus a quick preview of the color theme edited by the user can be rendered in real time. Experiments show that our system can assist the user to create an interior color theme efficiently. Moreover, our system is simple and easy to use, and has good runtime performance.
Characterization of microsatellite markers for Narcissus dubius, N. cuatrecasasii, N. assoanus and N. rupicola (Amaryllidaceae)

Abstract The genus Narcissus L. (Amaryllidaceae) provides a model system to study the evolution and maintenance of sexual polymorphisms. In this study, we characterized microsatellite markers for N. dubius, N. cuatrecasasii, N. assoanus and N. rupicola for studies of genetic diversity and paternity analyses to investigate the stability of stylar dimorphism. We proved 40 new primer pairs from a genomic library of N. papyraceus and 12 microsatellite markers characterized also for N. papyraceus in a previous study (52 primer pairs overall). Twenty markers amplified, but their transferability and variability were different among species. Polymorphism was tested at least on 74 individuals and one population per species. The number of polymorphic loci per species ranged from four to eight. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 19 and the observed heterozygosity and gene diversity, from 0.107 to 0.729 and 0.103 to 0.894, respectively. These markers can be used for studies of genetic diversity and paternity analyses among individuals of N. dubius, N. cuatrecasasii, N. assoanus and N. rupicola to study the stability of stylar dimorphism.
A machine-learning history of English caselaw and legal ideas prior to the Industrial Revolution I: generating and interpreting the estimates

Abstract The history of England's institutions has long informed research on comparative economic development. Yet to date, there exists no quantitative evidence on a core aspect of England's institutional evolution, that embodied in the accumulated decisions of English courts. Focusing on the two centuries before the Industrial Revolution, we generate and analyze the first quantitative estimates of the development of English caselaw and its associated legal ideas. We achieve this in two companion papers. In this, the first of the pair, we build a comprehensive corpus of 52,949 reports of cases heard in England's high courts before 1765. Estimating a 100-topic structural topic model, we name and interpret all topics, each of which reflects a distinctive aspect of English legal thought. We produce time series of the estimated topic prevalences. To interpret the topic timelines, we develop a tractable model of the evolution of legal-cultural ideas and their prominence in case reports. In the companion paper, we will illustrate with multiple applications the usefulness of the large amount of new information generated by our approach.
A Validation Study of the Mandibular Canine Index Method of Sexual Assessment Using Two Decedent American Populations

Rao and colleagues created the Mandibular Canine Index (MCI) as a method of sex assessment. It has primarily been used on living South Asian populations. This study applies the Index to two decedent American populations in hopes that it will applicable to the field of Forensic Anthropology. Forty-five individuals from the C.A. Pound Human Identification Lab and the Wichita State Biological Anthropology Lab with full mandibular dentition were studied. The mesio-distal width of both right and left canines and the canine arch width were taken and the MCI calculated along with the standard MCI. Results show that the MCI is not statistically significant in determining males from females (p=.461 for right and p=.473 for left). The standard MCI was . 242 for the right and . 246 for the left. This gave an accuracy of 37% to 44% for males and 44% to 45% for females. The mesio-distal length (p = .002 for right and .001 for left) and canine arch width (p=.019) on their own were statistically significant and can be used in sex assessment if the teeth are present although they should be used with other methods. Further study should be done with a larger sample size to see if results are consistent.
Phenomenon of Electromagnetic Field Resonance in Metal and Dielectric Gratings and Its Possible Practical Applications

Calculations of the field distribution in the structure of the dielectric substrate/buffer layer/volume phase grating/analyzed medium were performed. It is shown that in the presence of a buffer layer with a low refractive index in the dielectric waveguide leads to a shift of the maximum field at the waveguide resonance into analyzed medium. As a result, the spectral and angular sensitivity of the corresponding sensor increases. Based on the waveguide equation, analytical expressions are obtained that connect the spectral and angular sensitivity of the sensor to the sensitivity of the propagation constant change due to the refractive index change of the analyzed medium. The conditions for the excitation of the resonance of surface plasmon–polariton waves in the structure with a metal or dielectric grating on a metal substrate are also given. The fields that occur at resonance for silver and gold gratings are calculated.
The first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the mud crab Macrophthalmus japonicus (arthropoda, decapoda, macrophthalmidae)

Abstract Macrophthalmus japonicus is located in the Macrophthalmidae family, but genetic research about the whole mitochondrial genome in Macrophthalmidae family doesn’t exist. Here, we report the first complete mitochondrial genome from M. japonicus, which is composed of 16,170 base pair (bp) containing 13 protein coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs, and A + T rich region. The overall nucleotide composition of M. japonicus was G + C: 33.6%, A + T: 66.4% with a strong AT bias. The phylogenetic relationship using whole mitochondrial genome showed that M. japonicus was closest with Eriocheir japonica although their respective families are different.
Man-In-The-Middle Attack against Certain Authentication Protocols Revisited: Insights into the Approach and Performances Re-Evaluation

We address a class of authentication protocols called “HB” ones and the man-in-the-middle (MIM) attack, reported at the ASIACRYPT conference, called OOV-MIM (Ouafi-Overbeck-Vaudenay MIM). Analysis of the considered attack and its systematic experimental evaluation are given. It is shown that the main component of OOV-MIM, the algorithm for measuring the Hamming weight of noise vectors, outputs incorrect results as a consequence of the employed approximation of the probability distributions. The analysis reveals that, practically, the only scenario in which the OOV-MIM attack is effective is the one in which two incorrect estimations produced by the algorithm for measuring the Hamming weight, when coupled, give the correct result. This paper provides additional insights into the OOV-MIM and corrected claims about the performance/complexity showing that the performances of the considered attack have been overestimated, i.e., that the complexity of the attack has been underestimated. Particularly, the analysis points out the reasons for the incorrect claims and to the components of the attack that do not work as expected.
Kinship effects in quasi-social parasitoids II: co-foundress relatedness and host dangerousness interactively affect host exploitation

Sclerodermus brevicornis is a parasitoid that exhibits cooperative multi-foundress brood production. Prior work showed that the time lag to paralysis of small-sized hosts is shorter when co-foundress relatedness is higher and predicted that the greater risks and greater benefits of attacking larger hosts would combine with co-foundress relatedness to determine the limits to the size of a host that a female is selected to attack as a public good. It was also predicted that the time to host attack would be affected by an interaction between host size and relatedness. Here, we show empirically that both host size and kinship affect S. brevicornis reproduction and that they interact to influence the timing of host attack. We also find effects of co-foundress relatedness after hosts have been suppressed successfully. A public goods model using parameters estimated for S. brevicornis again suggests that selection for individual foundresses to attack and, if successful, to share hosts will be dependent on both the size of the host and the relatedness of the foundresses to any co-foundresses present. Females will not be selected to bear the individual cost of a public good when hosts are large and dangerous or when their relatedness to the co-foundress is low. We conclude that although reproductive behaviours exhibited by Sclerodermus females can be cooperative, they are unlikely to be exhibited without reference to kinship or to the risks involved in attempting to suppress and share large and dangerous hosts.
Utilization of chloroorganic waste by their catalytic copolymerization

A new method, proposed by authors, of utilization of chloroorganic waste accompanying the production of 1,2-dichlorethane consists in alkaline dehydrochlorination of this waste (equations 1-5) and simultaneous copolymerization with the unsaturated hydrocarbons of C 5 -C 9 fraction. At the first stage of the process at ambient temperatures (≤ 50 °C) ionic polymerization and copolymerization of the non-saturated components, take place. Then, at higher temperatures (> 50 °C) the free radical homopolymerization and copolymerization of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride most probably proceed. As a final product, oligomeric and polymeric resin-like products are formed, which can be recommended for the use as hydroisolating material.
COLLABORATIVE POLICING FOR HANDLING COMMUNALCONFLICTS (CASE STUDY: CONFLICTS BETWEENPAPUANS AND YOGYAKARTANS)

In this study, there are 2 (two) groups of conflicting citizens, namely the Papuans living in Yogyakarta which consist of students and working residents, and Yogyakartans, that is several ethnic groups other than ethnic Papuan. This study uses a qualitative approach and the paradigm of constructivism. The root of the conflicts is the Papuans’ perception of their historical past as well as cultural elements such as poverty, lack of education, and lifestyle. The triggers of conflict is the Papuans’ negative lifestyles, namely frequently get drunk, eating without paying the bill, breaking traffic rules, and always shouting “merdeka” (meaning independence) when making protesting rallies. On the other side, the people of Yogyakarta have negative prejudices against Papuans and discriminate them accordingly, which could even be perceived as a racial attitude. The Yogyakartan police seem not to have a good understanding about the root and causes of conflicts, because they tend to handle conflicts by repressive measures only after the violence had occurred. They clearly believe Papuan case is politically sensitive and full of outsiders’ influences. They also fail to have an open communication with the Papuans because the Papuans do not trust the police. For those reasons, the police often let Papuans who broke the law left unpunished, which produces suspicion among the people of Yogyakarta that the police might be afraid of the Papuans.