Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Classification Approach for Chinese MicroBlog Subjective and Objective Sentences

As a result of the rapidly increasing number of microblog users,sentiment analysis on microblog data has attracted more and more attention.The first step of sentiment analysis is to effectively identify the subjective information of the texts.How to effectively extract subjective information and analyze opinions on microblog has become a new popular research topic.In this paper,we use Naive Bayes classifier to give a solution for the classification between subjective and objective sentence in Chinese microblog.First,we present the difference between microblog and other texts,and then we select some subjective and objective lexical clues for Chinese microblog.Second,we introduce 2-POS model and its feature selection methods.Third,we take Keywords and subjective lexical clues as semantic features,2-POS as grammatical features,and then use them to construct Naive Bayes classifier respectively.The experiment results show that the method that uses both the semantic features and the grammatical features achieves the best performance.
Decision Making on the Small Screen: Adaptive Behavior in Constrained Information Environments

Two process-tracing studies and a Monte-Carlo simulation examine how display characteristics of small screens affect decision making processes and outcomes. Experimental results show that users of small screens acquire less information, are less selective in information acquisition, and are more likely to process by attribute than by alternative. Decision quality is reduced on smaller screens and displays that show more attributes than alternatives lead to better decisions, regardless of screen orientation. Simulation results show that differences in the effort required to make decisions on small screen devices are much smaller for non-compensatory than compensatory decision strategies.
A study of collaborative scientific discovery

Much of science is collaborative. The aim of this thesis is to advance our understanding of how humans think collaboratively in scientific domain. It seeks to do so by putting forth a formal model of collaborative process that displays a collaborative thinking behavior. This thesis provides the first detailed and theoretically grounded analysis of thought processes and interactions among collaborators in scientific discovery. It moves from the traditional focus in research on individual scientific discovery to investigating collaboration. It investigates how interactions among collaborators and their different task knowledge shape the discovery process: the process of observing phenomena and designing experiments to elicit new phenomena, the process of conceiving theories to explain the observed phenomena and testing these theories, and the process of exchanging information between collaborators and co-constructing new knowledge. Following an intervention to shape their initial beliefs, research subjects were put into conditions where their initial beliefs were either the same or different from their collaborators. We observed what these subjects did and what they said when they collaboratively replicated a Nobel Prize-winning scientific discovery: the genetic regulatory mechanism in the synthesis of proteins. A 3-D layer structure is presented to describe such a collaborative “Thinking-Testing” procedure and to capture moment-to-moment collaborative thinking and knowledge transfer between collaborators. This thesis demonstrates that developing “connective pathways among relevant experiments” is crucial to a successful discovery and that awaking to a contradiction to existing knowledge is essential to conceiving a new hypothesis. Transactive discussions including arguments, explanations and questions between collaborators do not guarantee a successful discovery. Instead, strategies for designing experiments that form a connective pathway play a crucial role in successful discovery. An algorithm (the method of difference) simulating successful discovers' strategies is developed to illustrate the importance of forming connective pathways. Finally, a formal model of the collaborative process is presented to display how subjects respond to experimental outcomes, how they conceive a new hypothesis, how they resolve their conflicts, and how they plan their subsequent actions to form connective pathways.
Level Of Detail For 3d Graphics

Thank you for downloading level of detail for 3d graphics. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their favorite readings like this level of detail for 3d graphics, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their laptop. level of detail for 3d graphics is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the level of detail for 3d graphics is universally compatible with any devices to read.
Data Replication Strategies in Wide-Area Distributed Systems

Effective data management in today’s competitive enterprise environment is an important issue. Data is information, and information is knowledge. Hence, fast and effective access to data is very important. Replication is one widely accepted phenomenon in distributed environments, where data is stored at more than one site for performance and reliability reasons. Applications and architectures of distributed computing have changed drastically during the last decade, and so have replication protocols. Different replication protocols may be suitable for different applications. In this chapter, we present a survey of replication algorithms for different distributed storage and content-management systems including distributed database-management systems, service-oriented data grids, peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, and storage area networks. We discuss the replication algorithms of more recent architectures, data grids and P2P systems, in detail. We briefly discuss replication in storage area networks and on the Internet. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, uite 200, Hershey PA 17033, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB13626 INFORMATION SCIENCE PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Enterprise Service Computing: From Concept to Deployment edited by Robin Qiu © 2007, Idea Group Inc.
How effective is targeted advertising?

Advertisers are demanding more accurate estimates of the impact of targeted advertisements, yet no study proposes an appropriate methodology to analyze the effectiveness of a targeted advertising campaign, and there is a dearth of empirical evidence on the effectiveness of targeted advertising as a whole. The targeted population is more likely to convert from advertising so the response lift between the targeted and untargeted group to the advertising is likely an overestimate of the impact of targeted advertising. We propose a difference-in-differences estimator to account for this selection bias by decomposing the impact of targeting into selection bias and treatment effects components. Using several large-scale online advertising campaigns, we test the effectiveness of targeted advertising on brand-related searches and clickthrough rates. We find that the treatment effect on the targeted group is about twice as large for brand-related searches, but naively estimating this effect without taking into account selection bias leads to an overestimation of the lift from targeting on brand-related searches by almost 1,000%.
Academic Language in K-12: What Is It, How Is It Learned, and How Can We Measure It?

Using Beck, McKeown and Kucan’s (2002) three-tiered model as a general framework for vocabulary, this article sheds light on the construct of academic vocabulary and how it might be measured. Using illustrative writing samples of student work of different genres and drawing on corpus based studies, I highlight the distinction between general, high utility academic vocabulary visible in expository mode (Tier 2), and narrative vocabulary (Tier 1) on the one hand; and general, high utility academic vocabulary and literary vocabulary associated with English Language Arts literature-based curriculum (Tier 3). Tier 2 words have consistently correlated with academic achievement across disciplinary boundaries, especially at post-secondary levels. Suggestions are made for policy reform, curriculum, and assessment approaches that will afford more equitable access to post-secondary programs of study for the growing numbers of English language learners across Canada, including in provinces such as Alberta and British Columbia.
Finding K Close Subgraphs in an Uncertain Graph

Uncertainty is inherent in many of graphs which are abstracted from protein-protein interaction(PPI) networks,social networks or wireless communication networks.How to get the valuable information,such as the crucial function group in PPI networks,the group which makes advertisers more properly,and the nodes which guarantee to communicate with their neighboring nodes well,plays an important role in practical settings.This paper shows that the problem to find the closest subgraph is NP-Hard,and proposes an efficient search-tree based algorithm with pruning techniques TreeClose.Because search-tree based algorithm TreeClose needs too large space when processing larger graphs,the paper also proposes an efficient greedy approximate algorithm GreedyClose.Moreover,the experimental results verify that the proposed algorithms are efficient in practice.
Principles Of Fungal Taxonomy

Thank you very much for downloading principles of fungal taxonomy. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their favorite novels like this principles of fungal taxonomy, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer. principles of fungal taxonomy is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the principles of fungal taxonomy is universally compatible with any devices to read.
Translation ambiguity and individual differences in L2 vocabulary learning between mono- and bilinguals

This study investigates if a cognitive advantage exists for bilinguals over monolinguals in learning translation-unambiguous and translation-ambiguous vocabulary in an unknown language. In this study, participants learned German vocabulary words, which had 1, 2, or 3 English translations. Two separate groups participated, a bilingual group (14 participants), defined as having English as a native language in addition to another language taught at home since childhood, and a monolingual group (25 participants), defined as being native speakers of only English. Behavioral methods were used to assess adults’ language performance using both accuracy scores and reaction times. Two tests provided results for assessing language learning: a translation production task in which participants said the English translation of a German word presented on a computer screen and a semantic judgment task in which participants decided if a German translation semantically made sense within the context of an English sentence. This study provides additional evidence supporting difficulties of learning translation-ambiguous words compared to translation-unambiguous words. No significant differences existed between the monolinguals and bilinguals in the individual difference tasks or tests of German vocabulary learning. Additionally, correlation analyses indicate that participants with higher English vocabulary knowledge had improved performance in tests of German vocabulary learning.
Vectorization of Qi Gong Calligraphy

Vector Chinese characters are popular for the high-quality of display and output under the transformations like zoom,rotation.Therefore,the vectorization of Chinese characters is a fundamental issue for Chinese Information Processing.We propose a vectorization algorithm to tracing the outline of 3755 frequently used characters in the style of Qi Gong calligraphy.A vector character includes the representation of these strokes and their sequence,which may serve as a kind of support to the studying of Qi Gong calligraphy.The paper presents the details in contour extraction,stroke extraction and the final optimization.
Automatic Recognition of Chinese Synonyms Based on PageRank Algorithm

Automatic recognition of synonyms plays an important role in information retrieval. In order to enhance the ability of synonyms recognition, this paper presents a method based on the PageRank algorithm. The authors analyze the relation links between a given word and other words. Then, the PageRank algorithm is used to calculate the similarity degree and the synonyms are found in the associated words. The result obtained from the use of the approach for synonyms recognition shows that the PageRank algorithm is feasible and practical.
Automatic Combined Algorithm in Web Services Based on Ontology

Web services composition is an important research field of service applications.A new automatic Web services composition method based on ontology was proposed.In this method,the Web services were described by OWL-S and domain ontology,and the measure of association degree between services was reduced to the problem of finding perfect matching in service bipartite graph which was solved by the improved Kuhn-Munkres algorithm.Finally,the automatic service composition algorithm was proposed based on the association degrees.The experiments show that the method proposed can accomplish the services composition according the service request and ensure quality and efficiency of composition by controlling the thresholds.
Survey of apprenticeship learning based on reward function learning

This paper focuses on apprenticeship learning,based on reward function learning.Both the historical basis of this field and a broad selection of current work were investigated.In this paper,two kinds of algorithm—apprenticeship learning methods based on inverse reinforcement learning(IRL) and maximum margin planning(MMP) frameworks were discussed under respective assumptions of linear and nonlinear reward functions.Comparison was made under the linear assumption conditions.The former can be implemented with an efficient approximate method but has made a strong supposition of optimal demonstration.The latter has a relatively easy to extend form but may take large amounts of computation.Finally,some suggestions were given for further research in reward function learning in a partially observable Markov decision process(POMDP) environment and in continuous/high dimensional space,using either an approximate algorithm such as point-based value iteration(PBVI) or a feature Abstraction algorithm using dimension reduction methods such as principle component analysis(PCA). Adopting these may alleviate the curse of dimensionality.
RESTORASI TOPOLOGI HASIL THINNING CITRA MAZE

Thinning merupakan salah satu operasi morfologi pada proses pengolahan citra. Dalam penelitian ini, proses thinning akan dibantu oleh operasi morfologi yang lain yaitu convex hull. Penggunaan dua metode morfologi tersebut bertujuan untuk mempercepat proses mendapatkan informasi penting pada citra. Citra yang digunakan dalam pengujian adalah citra maze. Operasi convex hull akan dilakukan pada proses pemisahan foreground dan background citra, sedangkan operasi thinning merupakan proses inti untuk pengambilan informasi yang dibutuhkan pada citra maze. Informasi penting yang akan diambil adalah jalur dari maze. Jalur ini terdiri dari garis-garis lurus dengan berbagai macam bentuk sambungan. Algoritme thinning yang digunakan adalah Zhang dan Suen (ZS) serta pengembangannya yaitu algoritme LW dan KWK. Implementasi dua algoritme tersebut pada maze masih terdapat kekurangan terutama untuk sambungan garis yang mempunyai pola L dan T, sehingga hasil akhir yang diperoleh dari operasi thinning algoritme ZS dan KWK masih terdapat banyak kesalahan terutama dalam struktur topologinya. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penyempurnaan algoritme ZS dan KWK dengan operasi ketetanggaan window 3x3 untuk merestorasi citra. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah citra maze dengan topologi yang mirip dengan citra asli.
Beyond Measuring Performance: Targeted Meta-Evaluations for Diversity and an Information-Theoretic Framework for the Analysis of Search Engines

In this work, we address information retrieval evaluation and the methods and metrics used for such evaluations. We consider the relative lack of understanding in this area to be the crucial problem in advancing information retrieval. To that end, we introduce several frameworks for meta-evaluation and describe how their unification with evaluation measures can lead to improvements in assessing the quality of information retrieval systems. For example, many queries, especially in the context of the web, have multiple interpretations; they are ambiguous or underspecified. To account for this, much recent research has focused on creating systems that produce diverse ranked lists that cover as many interpretations in as few documents as possible. Ideally, measures that evaluate these systems would distinguish between them by how many interpretations they cover and how quickly. Unfortunately, diversity is also a function of the collection over which the system is run and a system’s ability to retrieve documents relevant to any interpretation. To ensure that we are assessing systems by their diversity, we develop (1) a family of evaluation measures that take into account the diversity of the collection and (2) a meta-evaluation measure that explicitly controls for a system’s ability to retrieve relevant documents. We demonstrate experimentally that our new measures can achieve substantial improvements in sensitivity to diversity without reducing discriminative power. Furthermore, we propose a probabilistic framework whose utility encompasses both evaluation and meta-evaluation. This allows us to develop new informationtheoretic evaluation and meta-evaluation metrics that will, hopefully, be more easy to unify in a fashion similar to our family of diversity measures. We demonstrate that these new metrics are powerful and generalizable, enabling evaluations heretofore not possible.
COLORIMETRIC ACCURACY OF HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE IMAGES FOR LIGHTING RESEARCH

High Dynamic Range (HDR) imaging techniques are frequently used in lighting research for measuring luminance. The main objective of this work was to determine to what extent they can also be used for measuring colours. Three professional digital single-lens reflex cameras fitted with fisheye lenses were used for taking HDR pictures. The scene, containing a Macbeth chart and additional Munsell samples, was lit by a LED equi-energy spectrum source. The set of colour samples had first been characterized using a spectrophotometer. This article presents and compares two calibration methods, a conventional and an alternative one. It was demonstrated that the second method is necessary to achieve an acceptable colorimetric accuracy for lighting design of interior environments, and that it improves the luminance accuracy. The study also shows that one of the studied devices has higher accuracy performances.
Maximum Entropy-Based Chinese Word Sense Disambiguation

Word sense disambiguation is a crucial problem to be solved in NLP. A supervised machine learning method is proposed in this paper, which is applied in word disambiguation in Chinese. The method combines various features in context to disambiguate word senses. The features include annotations of words, parts of speech and sub- jects etc. And a uniform representation formalizes the features. In this way, the problem of synthesis among various features and knowledge representation of feature will be solved. 20 Chinese polysemous words are tested in our exper- iment. The result with average precision 87% shows that the method is effective.
Language Universals: A Collaborative Project for the Language Sciences

Today, the idea that all languages are at least in part cut from the same pattern is perhaps not particularly controversial. In contrast, as is clear from the nature of the contributions to Greenberg (1963/1966), one of the main goals of the Dobbs Ferry Conference was to justify this thesis and articulate the uniformities that languages show. This is particularly clear in the appendix to Greenberg (1963/1966), “Memorandum Concerning Language Universals,” which was distributed to the participants of the conference. In this memorandum, various notions of universals are introduced and compared, and it is suggested that language universals constitute “the most general laws of a science of linguistics. ” Since the Dobbs Ferry Conference, the general perspective in the linguistic community on language universals has changed radically. The recent history of linguistics has been characterized by the intense search for these language universals, inspired in part by Greenberg’s (1963/1966) seminal paper, and in part by the publication in 1957 of Chomsky’s Syntactic Structures. These two publications have given rise to an explosion of work on language universals, ranging from work in formally
Inclusion of α-bisabolol into PLGA nanoparticles enhances its pro-apoptotic activity in human tumoral pancreatic cells.

 -Bisabolol (figure 1), a sesquiterpene alcohol present in essential oils derived from a variety of plants, is known to have a pro-apoptotic activity against several human cancer cell lines [1,2] but its poor aqueous solubility limits the in vitro and in vivo tests of this action. Here we report the production and characterization of -bisabolol loaded nanoparticles prepared using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). The human therapeutic use of PLGA has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) thanks to its biocompatibility. This copolymer is one of the most successfully used compounds in nanomedicine applications because it is hydrolyzed in the body to produce the common metabolites lactic and glycolic acid [3]. OH H
Theories of Informetrics and Scholarly Communication

Scientometrics have become an essential element in the practice and evaluation of science and research, including both the evaluation of individuals and national assessment exercises. This book brings together the theories that guide informetrics and scholarly communication research. It is a much needed compilation by leading scholars in the field that gathers together the theories that guide our understanding of authorship, citing, and impact.
Energy efficiency and fairness in cooperative wireless ad hoc networks

In wireless ad hoc networks, nodes communicate with far off destinations using intermediate nodes as relays. Since nodes are energy constrained, it may not be in the best interest of a node to always accept relay requests. However, if all nodes decide not to expend energy in relaying, then network throughput will drop dramatically. Both these extreme scenarios (complete cooperation and complete non-cooperation) are inimical to the interests of a user. In this paper, we address the issue of user cooperation in ad hoc networks. We assume that nodes are rational, i.e. their actions are strictly determined by self-interest, and that each node is associated with a minimum lifetime constraint. Then, we are able to determine the optimal throughput that each node should receive, and we define this to be the rational Pareto optimal operating point. We propose a distributed and scalable acceptance algorithm, which is used by the nodes to decide whether to accept or reject a relay request. The algorithm results in a Nash equilibrium, and we prove that the system converges to the rational and optimal operating point.