Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey Paper on Extraction of Web Services for Effective User Review Sentiment Analysis

: This paper presents a survey on features Extraction of Web Services for effective User Review Sentiment Analysis. Recognition of opinion features from online user reviews is a task to find on which feature user is going to put his opinion. For opinion feature identification there are number of existing techniques but, features are extracted from single corpus. Quality of Service has become a standard way of evaluating web services and selecting the one that suites user interests the best. Traditional methods adopt a fixed set of QoS parameters and typical ones include response time, fee, and availability. There currently lacks an effective way of identifying quality features that users are actually interested in when choosing a service. Meanwhile, the traditional way of collecting QoS values relies on either public information released by service providers or test results from repeatedly invoking a service. The last section of paper will discuss the disadvantages of current systems and will state the future scope.
User Authentication Through Keystroke Dynamics Using KNN

In most cases, where security is the concern, many computer systems use the common username/password scheme for user verification and identification. But this line of security can be broken easily using methods like dictionary attack and brute force attack. Some advanced biometric tools like fingerprint or retina scan are used for the same purpose but the cost of implementation is high. In this paper we propose a novel approach for user verification and identification using keystroke dynamics as a biometric tool. KB authentication system secures the authentication process by verifying the claimant’s typing pattern. This paper presents a KB authentication system which uses KNN as the clustering algorithm, which is a non-parametric algorithm for classification. KB Authentication System does not require any additional hardware for its implementation and provides an extra layer of security, thus it is less costlier and secure than the traditional authentication methods. Keywords— Security, Keystroke Biometric, clustering Algorithm , KNN.
Adenosine promotes histamine H1-mediated negative chronotropic and inotropic effects on human atrial myocardium.

Because histamine and adenosine are coreleased from the ischemic heart, we investigated the effects of their interaction on human myocardium. Surgical specimens of human right atrium (i.e., pectinate muscles) responded to histamine with increases in spontaneous rate and contractile force. Adenosine, and the A1-selective adenosine agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), reduced the spontaneous rate and suppressed the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of histamine. CPA was more potent than adenosine in slowing the spontaneous rate and in suppressing histamine's positive chronotropic effect, suggesting that the responses to CPA and adenosine are A1-mediated. CPA was also more potent than adenosine in attenuating histamine's positive inotropic effect on human ventricular papillary muscle. The adenosine-induced suppression of histamine's effects on pectinate muscles was mimicked by carbachol, which like adenosine is known to attenuate H2-mediated histamine-induced adenylate cyclase activation. The H1-selective histamine antagonist pyrilamine potentiated histamine's chronotropic and inotropic responses, and inhibited the attenuation of these responses by adenosine or carbachol. In contrast, pyrilamine failed to modify the adenosine-induced attenuation of the cardiac stimulatory effects of dimaprit, an H2-selective histamine agonist. Our data suggest that adenosine-induced suppression of histamine's positive chronotropic and inotropic effects on human myocardium results both from an A1-mediated attenuation of H2-stimulatory effects and from the uncovering of H1 negative chronotropic and inotropic effects. Thus, the results of the histamine-adenosine interaction may exceed the "retaliatory" purpose of adenosine release and uncover H1-mediated myocardial depression.
Modeling and measurement of noisy SOA dynamics for ultrafast applications

A complete and effective tool for the analysis of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) in ultrafast telecommunication applications is presented. This model includes gain dynamics, the current induced gain saturation effect, the current-dependent gain dispersion, and the amplified spontaneous emission. Experimental results concerning both stationary and dynamic conditions confirm the model accuracy and its effectiveness in the design of all-optical signal processing schemes based on SOAs. Finally, we study the characteristic times and the efficiencies of SOA fast dynamics in order to investigate the bandwidth limits of these devices. A numerical evaluation, validated by high-resolution measures makes the SOAs suitable to process optical signals up to 160 Gb/s.
Application Oriented Flow Routing Algorithm for VoIP Overlay Networks

Overlay networks which are dynamically created over underlying IP networks are becoming widely used for delivering multimedia contents since they can provide several additional user-definable services. Multiple overlay paths between a source-destination overlay node pair are designed to improve service robustness against failures and bandwidth fluctuation of the underlying networks. Multimedia traffic can be distributed over those multiple paths in order to maximize paths' utilization and to increase application throughputs. Most of flow-based routing algorithms consider only common metrics such as paths' bandwidth or delay, which may be effective for data applications but not for real-time applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP), in which different levels of such performance metrics may give the same level of the performance experienced by end users. This paper focuses on such VoIP overlay networks and proposes a novel alternative path based flow routing algorithm using an application-specific traffic metric, i.e. "VoIP Path Capacity (VPCap)," to calculate the maximum number of QoS satisfied VoIP flows which may be distributed over each available overlay path at a moment. The simulation results proved that more QoS-satisfied VoIP sessions can be established over the same multiple overlay paths, comparing to traditional approaches.
Delay-tolerant control design for Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are versatile active photonic devices that can provide complex functions in photonic circuits, such as linear amplification. SOAs must be regulated due to their nonlinear nature. We consider the state space formulation of a linear SOA model to design and analyze controller schemes. We show that delay in the feedback path is of fundamental importance to the stability and performance of the SOA system. Due to the sub-nanosecond dynamics, the SOA system is a challenging system to control. We derive a design tradeoff on the feedback controller and delay stability margin of the closed-loop system. Different control schemes are then compared to show that a dual control scheme using a feedforward and a feedback controller offers the best performance.
Spectrophotometric determination of affinities of peptides for their transport systems in Escherichia coli

The use of novel synthetic peptides to measure peptide transport by spectrophotometric means is described. These peptides contain glycine residues alpha-substituted with thiophenol and are recognized as substrates by both peptide transport systems and intracellular peptidases of Escherichia coli (Kingsbury et al., Gilvarg, C., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:4573-4576, 1984). Transport and peptidase cleavage results in the intracellular release of thiophenol, which exits rapidly from the cell. The release of thiophenol from these peptides by cell suspensions can be measured with Ellman sulfhydryl reagent [5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)] and provides a direct determination of the rate of peptide transport. The reductions in thiophenol release from these peptides resulting from the addition of peptide competitors enable the affinities of the competitors for their transport systems to be determined. By this method, it is shown that the dipeptide transport system is more restrictive with respect to changes in the amino acid sidechains of its substrates than those of the oligopeptide transport system.
Transfusion, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent therapy, and kidney transplant wait time

Aim: Anemia is highly prevalent among patients wait-listed for renal transplant, and management with blood transfusion or erythropoietin stimulating agents may impact transplant wait time. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of blood transfusion and erythropoiesis stimulating agent therapy on renal transplant wait time. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all adult patients listed for first deceased donor kidney transplantation at two transplant centers in Central Pennsylvania between 2004 and 2008. The exposures of interest were blood transfusion and erythropoietin stimulating agent therapy. Cox proportional hazards were used to model time to deceased donor kidney transplant. Results: Among 407 patients listed for transplant, 84 received a deceased donor kidney during a median follow-up of 26.3 months. In an adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, with erythropoiesis stimulating agent and transfusion both treated as time-dependent exposures, UNOS inactive status at listing date (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81; 95% CI 0.73 - 0.89; P < 0.001) and transfusion during the wait list period (HR 0.27; 95% CI 0.11 - 0.69; P = 0.01) independently predicted longer transplant wait time. Erythropoiesis stimulating agent use prior to or after transplant wait listing date did not independently predict wait time. Conclusion: Blood transfusion while waitlisted for kidney transplant is strongly associated with prolonged wait time.
Dynamics of a double quantum dot charge qubit measured by a quantum point contact

Quantum measurement always disturbs the quantum system being measured, which is known as measurement-induced backaction. We consider a specific model, a double quantum dot charge qubit measured by a nearby quantum point contact. We explore the evolution by deriving a master equation. The advantages of this master equation are (i) it has the Lindblad form and the non-Markovian effects are embodied in the time-dependent coefficients, (ii) the tunnelling and decay effect can be clearly understood in the master equation, and (iii) it can be further easily controlled by manipulate the Hamiltonian.
Factors Associated with Increased Healing Time in Complete Femoral Fractures After Long-Term Bisphosphonate Therapy.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that affect healing time after operative treatment of complete femoral fractures associated with long-term use of bisphosphonates. In particular, we sought to determine surgically controllable factors related to fracture-healing time. METHODS Ninety-nine consecutive patients (109 fractures) who had been surgically treated for a complete atypical femoral fracture were enrolled. All patients had a documented history of bisphosphonate therapy at the time of presentation, with an average duration of 7.4 ± 3.5 years (range, 3 to 20 years). Baseline demographic data, characteristics of the fracture and surgery, and radiographic findings including femoral neck-shaft angle, coronal and sagittal bowing of the femur, and thickness of the femoral cortex were examined. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictive factors associated with delayed union or nonunion. RESULTS Of the 109 fractures, 76 (69.7%) showed osseous union within 6 months after the index surgery and were assigned to the successful healing group. The remaining 33 fractures (30.3%), which showed delayed union or nonunion, were assigned to the problematic healing group. There were differences in body mass index (BMI), bisphosphonate therapy duration, and the rate of prodromal symptoms between the 2 groups. Supra-isthmic fracture location, femoral bowing of ≥10° in the coronal plane, and a lateral/medial cortical thickness ratio of ≥1.4 were predictive of problematic healing but were uncontrollable factors. Iatrogenic cortical breakage around the fracture site as well as a ratio of ≥0.2 between the remaining gap and the cortical thickness on the anterior and lateral sides of the fracture site were controllable predictive factors associated with problematic healing. CONCLUSIONS Intramedullary nailing without cortical breakage around the fracture site and decreasing the anterior and lateral fracture gaps (avoidance of distraction) as much as possible are recommended to reduce healing time in complete femoral fractures associated with long-term use of bisphosphonates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Photoluminescence properties of multiple stacked planes of GaN/AlN quantum dots studied by near‐field optical microscopy

We have studied the photoluminescence properties of GaN quantum dots with submicrometre lateral resolution by means of near‐field scanning optical microscopy. The instrument operated at room temperature and was implemented for near‐ultra‐violet spectroscopy in the illumination‐mode configuration. The analysed sample consisted of several stacked planes of GaN/AlN quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si(111) substrate. The photoluminescence maps showed islands in the micrometre range emitting at different wavelengths, confirming the atomic force microscopy studies on the morphology of similar uncapped samples.
Leptin Regulation of Agrp and Npy mRNA in the Rat Hypothalamus

Agouti‐related protein (AGRP) is synthesized in the same neurones in the arcuate nucleus as neuropeptide Y (NPY), another potent orexigenic peptide. AGRP antagonizes the action of α‐melanocyte stimulating hormone, a derivative of pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) at the hypothalamic MC4 receptor to increase food intake. Although leptin has been shown to regulate Agrp/Npy and Pomc‐expressing neurones, there are differences with respect to Agrp regulation in leptin receptor‐deficient mice and rats. Unlike the obese leptin receptor‐deficient db/db mouse, which exhibits upregulation of Agrp mRNA expression in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) compared to lean controls, the obese leptin receptor‐deficient (faf; Koletsky) rat does not exhibit upregulation of Agrp expression. To determine whether this represents a general difference between leptin receptor‐deficient mice and rats, neuropeptide gene expression was analysed in the MBH of lean and obese rats segregating for a different leptin receptor mutation, Leprfa (Zucker). Fasting in lean rats (+/fa) for 72 h significantly increased Agrp and Npy mRNA expression, and decreased Pomc mRNA expression as detected by a sensitive solution hybridization/S1 nuclease protection assay. Npy mRNA levels were significantly increased in fed obese fa/fa compared to lean rats, and further increased in the obese animals after fasting. In contrast, Agrp mRNA levels did not differ between fed lean and fed obese rats, and fasting did not significantly change Agrp levels in obese rats. To determine whether the change in Agrp expression that occurs with food deprivation in lean rats could be prevented by leptin replacement, Sprague‐Dawley rats were fasted and infused via subcutaneous osmotic micropumps for 48 h with either saline or recombinant mouse leptin. Fasting significantly increased Agrp and Npy, and decreased Pomc mRNA levels. Leptin infusion almost completely reversed these changes such that there was no significant difference between the levels in the fasted rats and those that were fed ad libitum. Thus, in fasted lean rats, Agrp and Npy are upregulated in parallel when leptin levels fall and are downregulated by leptin infusion. By contrast, the absence of a functional leptin receptor results in the upregulation of Npy but not Agrp mRNA.
Stability at the interface in hybrid difference methods using the Kreiss theory

Hybrid numerical methods are becoming increasingly popular for problems where different physics are important in different parts of the domain. One example is the problem of shock/turbulence interaction, where one might use a computationally efficient and accurate linear scheme in the turbulence regions and a more robust nonlinear shockcapturing scheme around the discontinuities. Such hybrid methods are typically implemented by using one scheme for x ≤ 0 and the other for x > 0, say, where the interface location may depend on the instantaneous solution. Ideally, a hybrid method combines the strengths of the individual methods being used, but accuracy and stability at the interface between the schemes is an issue that must be resolved. Even when both schemes are stable individually, there is no guarantee that the coupled method will be stable. One common class of hybrid methods couples an essentially non-oscillatory scheme (ENO or WENO, cf. Shu & Osher 1989; Jiang & Shu 1996) with a centered or upwinded linear scheme. Adams & Shariff (1996) used the combination ENO/upwinded Padé and noticed small oscillations (noise) around the interface. Later, Ren et al. (2003) argued that the sharp transition from one scheme to the other is responsible for the noise, and proposed an approach where the schemes are smoothly blended into each other over several grid points. Hill & Pullin (2004) argued that the noise around the interface can be minimized by forcing the optimal WENO stencil to equal that of the linear scheme, thus avoiding or minimizing the change across the interface. In this paper we analyze the stability characteristics of a general hybrid method consisting of two arbitrary linear schemes using a linear model problem. First it is shown that the energy method together with the most natural choice of norm cannot be used to prove stability. This does not imply that the energy method categorically fails for this problem, only that it is non-trivial to find the appropriate norm. We instead turn to the Kreiss theory (Gustafsson et al. 1972, 1995) (sometimes referred to as “GKS” theory) and find criteria for which the Kreiss condition is satisfied, thus proving stability. Strikwerda (1980) showed that the Kreiss condition leads to stability in the generalized sense for semi-discrete problems. However, Gustafsson et al. (1995) showed that strong stability follows from the Kreiss condition under certain restrictions. The present analysis is somewhat similar to Goldberg & Tadmor (1981), who used the Kreiss theory to prove stability of hyperbolic initial-boundary value problems for rather general schemes and boundary conditions. Ciment (1972) analyzed a similar coupled problem where both schemes are dissipative. A few examples will be discussed, including one involving two schemes that are individually stable yet unstable when coupled. This illustrates that stability of hybrid methods is both an important and non-trivial matter.
Overexpression of CD133 Promotes Drug Resistance in C6 Glioma Cells

Glioblastoma multiforme is an extremely aggressive and clinically unresponsive form of cancer. Transformed neoplastic neural stem cells, resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, are thought to be responsible for the initial tumor formation and the recurrence of disease following surgical resection. These stem cells express multidrug resistance markers along with CD133. We show that ectopic overexpression of CD133 in rat C6 glioma cells leads to significant reluctance to undergo apoptosis from camptothecin and doxorubicin. Although p53 was upregulated in CD133-overexpressing glioma cells treated with DNA-damaging agents, apoptosis seems to be p53 independent. At least one ABC transporter, rat P-glycoprotein/ABCB1, was upregulated by 62% in CD133+ cells with a corresponding increase in activity. Thus, the combination of higher P-glycoprotein mRNA transcription and elevated transporter activity seems to contribute to the protection from cytotoxic reagents. In conclusion, previous investigators have reported that resilient cancer stem cells coexpress CD133 and ABC transporters with increased reluctance toward apoptosis. Our data suggest that CD133 may contribute to the observed resistance to apoptosis of CD133+ cancer stem cells. Mol Cancer Res; 8(8); 1105–15. ©2010 AACR.
Hemodynamic responses upon the initiation of thermoregulatory behavior in young healthy adults

ABSTRACT We tested the hypotheses that thermoregulatory behavior is initiated before changes in blood pressure and that skin blood flow upon the initiation of behavior is reflex mediated. Ten healthy young subjects moved between 40°C and 17°C rooms when they felt ‘too warm’ (W→C) or ‘too cool’ (C→W). Blood pressure, cardiac output, skin and rectal temperatures were measured. Changes in skin blood flow between locations were not different at 2 forearm locations. One was clamped at 34°C ensuring responses were reflex controlled. The temperature of the other was not clamped ensuring responses were potentially local and/or reflex controlled. Relative to pre-test Baseline, skin temperature was not different at C→W (33.5 ± 0.7°C, P = 0.24), but was higher at W→C (36.1 ± 0.5°C, P < 0.01). Rectal temperature was different from Baseline at C→W (−0.2 ± 0.1°C, P < 0.01) and W→C (−0.2 ± 0.1°C, P < 0.01). Blood pressure was different from Baseline at C→W (+7 ± 4 mmHg, P < 0.01) and W→C (−5 ± 5 mmHg, P < 0.01). Cardiac output was not different from Baseline at C→W (−0.1 ± 0.4 L/min, P = 0.56), but higher at W→C (0.4 ± 0.4 L/min, P < 0.01). Skin blood flow between locations was not different from Baseline at C→W (clamped: −6 ± 15 PU, not clamped: −3 ± 6 PU, P = 0.46) or W→C (clamped: +21 ± 23 PU, not clamped: +29 ± 15 PU, P = 0.26). These data indicate that the initiation of thermoregulatory behavior is preceded by moderate changes in blood pressure and that skin blood flow upon the initiation of this behavior is under reflex control.
Pseudohomophone effects in processing Chinese compound words

The issue of how phonological information becomes available in reading Chinese and the role that it plays in lexical access was investigated for Chinese compound words, using pseudohomophone effects in lexical and phonological decision as a diagnostic tool. Pseudohomophones were created by replacing one or both constituents of two-character compound words with orthographically dissimilar homophonic characters. Experiment 1 found that mixed pseudohomophones sharing one constituent with their base words were more difficult to reject than control nonwords in lexical decision. Pure pseudohomophones sharing no constituents with their base words did not show this effect. Experiment 2 used mixed pseudohomophones and found an interaction between base word frequency and the frequency of constituent characters in determining pseudohomophone effects. Experiment 3 used a phonological decision task and found exceptionally poor performance for pure pseudohomophones. These results are interpreted in an interactive framework where the direct mapping from orthography to semantics is dominant and phonology plays a subsidiary role.