Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction among neighbouring rectangular finite strike slip faults in a linear viscoelastic half space representing lithosphere-asthenosphere system

There are seismically active regions consisting of fault system with a number of neighbouring earthquake faults. A movement across any one of them may affect the nature of stress accumulation near the others. Mathematical models may be developed to study these interactions and the pattern of interseismic stresses during the aseismic period in between two consecutive seismic events. In this paper, the lithosphere-asthenosphere system is being represented by a linear viscoelastic half space. The material of the half space is expected to possess the properties of both Maxwell and Kelvin type materials. It is assumed that the system is under a steady shear stress generated by some tectonic phenomena. For obtaining the solution for displacement, strain and stresses from the resulting boundary value problem, Integral transform, Green’s function techenique and correspondence principle have been used. Appropriate estimates of the model parameters were used in carrying out the numerical computations for investigating the nature of interactions among the faults.
The impact of TQM in UK SMEs

Notes that while implementation of total quality management (TQM) in large organizations has been widely documented, it has received far less attention in relation to small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), in which most of the UK labour force is employed. Reports the results of an investigation into SME management attitudes towards TQM in the East Midlands region of the UK. Compares them with UK‐based Japanese‐owned companies and discovers that the UK‐owned SMEs are better at implementing TQM. Concludes that there is room for improvement in all companies in the translation of management philosophy into employee action.
Modified substrate-current model for high voltage n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor and its implication on transistor design

A simple analytical model with two high-electric-field regions, instead of only one shifted high-electric-field region (the Kirk effect), is proposed to explain the unusual substrate-current behavior in very short high voltage n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors. This model agrees well with the experimental data in terms of the substrate-current dependence on VGS, VDS, process, and structures.
Noise and Performance of a Counter-Rotation Propeller

The noise and aerodynamic performance of a 3 X 3 counter-rotating propeller scale model were quantified experimentally in anechoic environments with a velocity of 68 m/s incoming flow on. The model diameter was 400 mm and the aft blade rotational speeds and the rotational Mach numbers were varied up to 9000 rpm and 0.55, respectively, while the front blades were kept at 9000 rpm. The reinforcement of counter-rotating harmonics was observed even at high blade passage frequencies. The axial separation between two rotors had a favorable effect on the noise levels, whereas an adverse effect on the performance was found for the large spacing with axial velocity acceleration attendant. The spike due to the overturning of tangential velocity was found near the tip section. A difference of the rotational speeds yielded the spinning sound waves with a beat frequency of three times the rps difference. The split frequencies could be identified on the measured spectrum when the two rotors had such nonsynchronous rotational speeds. Nomenclature A = area B - number of blades D — diameter of propeller / = frequency H = enthalpy or total head / = rothalpy J - advance ratio k = load harmonic t = axial spacing between two rotors M = Mach number m — sound harmonic N = rotational speed P = pressure r - radius s - static T = thrust t = total U = axial velocity W - tangential velocity fl = angular velocity /3 = blade setting angle p = density oo = downstream infinity
Clinical Evaluation of Dental Implants Performed in the Universitas Indonesia Dental Training Hospital Periodontal Clinic from 2009 to 2014

There is no long-term evaluation of the clinical conditions of dental implants performed in the Universitas Indonesia (UI) Dental Training Hospital periodontal clinic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical condition of dental implants performed in the UI Dental Training Hospital periodontal clinic from 2009 to 2014. Eleven patients received 29 dental implants. The implants were placed from 2009 to 2014. Probing pocket depth, loss of attachment, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, implant mobility, and oral hygiene index were assessed in 2016. In our study, no implant mobility was found. The mean pocket depth was 2.43 ± 1.7 mm. The mean gingival recession was 0.24 ± 0.47 mm. The mean clinical attachment loss was 0.26 ± 0.54 mm. When dental implants were examined, 46.6% of them showed bleeding on probing, while 53.4% showed no bleeding on probing. There was no statistically significant relationship between different oral hygiene indexes and probing pocket depth, loss of attachment, or bleeding on probing. There was a statistically significant difference in gingival recession between patients with different oral hygiene indexes. Based on this study, it is concluded that dental implants performed in the UI Dental Training Hospital periodontal clinic can still provide satisfactory results after 2 to 7 years.
Indole is an essential molecule for plant interactions with herbivores and pollinators

Cite this article: Cna’ani A , Seifan M, Tzin V. Indole is an essential molecule for plant interactions with herbivores and pollinators. J Plant Biol Crop Res. 2018; 1(1): 1003. Alon Cna’ani1, 2; Merav Seifan2; and Vered Tzin1* 1French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, BenGurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel 2Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
A fuzzy management decision support system for scenario analysis

Forecasting the future is an important aspect of strategic planning. In recent years, an increasing number of corporate planners and forecasters have been turning to forecasting techniques to assist them in management decision-making. This paper presents a fuzzy management decision support system for scenario analysis. The system, developed in dBFAST, comprises two modules: data input and scenario generation. It is aimed at emulating the expert’s reasoning process in forecasting. It adopts a hybrid technique—a combination of fuzzy Delphi analysis and fuzzy reasoning—for problem solving. Three widely accepted forecasting techniques—the Delphi method, trend impact analysis and cross-impact analysis—are briefly reviewed. The hybrid technique developed and the details of the fuzzy management decision support system for scenario analysis are described. Using a case study on the penetration of computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) in the electronics industry in Singapore as an example, the performance of the system is discussed.
Aggregated Distribution Company's Profit Model in Hourly Ahead Energy and Reserve Markets

Abstract This work presents a novel hourly ahead profit model for an active distribution company in a pool-based system. The presented model engages the distribution company in both energy-producing and reserve-providing activities. The distribution company's earnings from the reserve market include the remuneration for real-time generation and ready-for-service capacity. To achieve the optimal decisions for an active distribution company in the energy and reserve markets, a two-stage optimization model and associated mathematical formulations have been developed. The first sub-problem extracts a single operating profile (a lumped financial model) of the whole distribution system, including distributed generations and interruptible loads, at the connecting point to the upstream network. The second sub-problem determines the optimal values of decision variables (power and reserve commodities) to maximize the distribution company's profit, if such variables are accepted in the markets. In other words, it aims to optimally allocate the distribution company's generating capability for proposing into the energy and reserve markets. Several scenarios on the reserve market prices and on the summoning coefficients for real-time generation in reserve markets are considered. According to the simulation results, further economical benefits may encourage the distribution company to take different roles in the market at different hours.
Meteorological drought assessment using standardized precipitation index for different agro-climatic zones of Odisha

In this paper standardized precipitation index (SPI) is used to assess meteorological drought for all 30 districts covering 10 agro-climatic zones in an eastern Indian state, Odisha. Monthly rainfall data of 115 years (1901-2015) for all 30 districts of Odisha are analyzed using SPI on 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12-month timescale. These timescales reflect the impact of drought on the availability of different water resources. Results indicate that in all the agro-climatic zones of Odisha, mild drought events have the highest frequencies of occurrence followed by moderate drought events for different timescales. Severe and extreme drought frequencies are comparatively lesser than mild and moderate drought frequencies. SPI analysis shows that 32-46 years are affected by mild drought, 4-16 years affected by moderate drought, 1-9 years are affected by severe drought and 1-5 years are affected by extreme drought during study period of 115 years in different agro-climatic zones of Odisha. It is observed 50.3% areas in the state are affected by drought in June out of which chances of occurrence of mild drought is maximum (28.7%). In the months of July, August and September, 51.7, 48.5 and 46.1% areas are affected by droughts. On average 49.15% areas of the entire state is affected by drought of various intensities out of which the share of mild, moderate, severe and extreme drought is 28.38, 13.28, 5.06 and 2.43%, respectively.
Chapter 7 Ground investigation, testing and interpretation of results

Ground investigations in hot deserts require an approach that takes account of the special environmental and ground conditions, as well as recognizing the scale, nature, cost and extent of the project in question. For example, the objective of a rapid reconnaissance of a wide area of terrain is to provide coverage at relatively low cost, using techniques such as normal observation, field mapping, geophysics or trial pitting. Whereas, by contrast, the requirements of a design-stage investigation are much more specific and detailed, focusing on individual structures or potential geotechnical hazards. To be cost-effective, the design of such an investigation needs to be based on a good feasibility/reconnaissance study. The individual stages of the site investigation process are described in Chapter 6. The ground investigation methods described in this chapter represent the second stage, usually using intrusive techniques, but a flexible approach is required to ensure that the maximum benefit is derived from the results. The desk study is used to provide an initial design of the second-stage ground investigation. During the intrusive phase there should be a continuous review of the data, with modifications being made to the scope and programme based on results obtained in the field. Sections 7.1–7.3 of this chapter address the technical and practical considerations that must be taken into account when planning ground investigations in desert conditions. Existing desert ground models have been described in Chapter 4 and an Earth systems model is proposed. The table presented in Section 7.4 identifies the characteristic conditions that may be encountered in the four principal desert terrains identified by Fookes & Knill (1969) and potential geohazards associated with such conditions; it also lists relevant ground investigation techniques and tests. The investigation methods most relevant to each of the four zones are also reviewed in Section 7.4. Guidance for …
The Succesful Evolution of Anton Irish Conformance Efforts

The Anton Irish field was discovered in 1945, unitized in 1950 for a produced gas pressure maintenance project and converted to a waterflood in 1969. In 1997 CO2 flooding began and currently accounts for about 85% of the unit production. Presently, the entire field produces around 6,500 BOPD; 36.5 MMCFPD of recycled CO2, and 69,200 BWPD. Over the years of flooding, various conformance problems have been identified and many attempts have been made to address these problems with limited to no success. In 2003 a new program was initiated to re-evaluate the problems and design better solutions. This paper will outline the diagnostic efforts that were undertaken, discuss the basic findings of that effort, review the resulting solutions that were designed to resolve these problems, and show the results of this work. Basic Problem / Justification For many years the rapid breakthrough of the displacing fluid whether it was water or CO2 has been recognized as a severe problem in the Anton Irish Field. This rapid breakthrough and excess cycling of CO2 in the Anton Irish Clearfork flood has led to numerous wells being shut in due to limited processing capacity at the gas plant. In addition wells that had previously produced at relatively high oil rates became uncompetitive due to this excess gas production. Thus, in order to recover reserves from these areas, a solution needed to be found to address these excess cycling problems. A key complicating factor to deal with at Anton, is that almost all wells have open hole completions. This creates additional diagnostic problems as it is difficult to get to bottom with wireline on most injectors which prevents good injection profile data.
Assessment of Muscle Spasticity by a Simple Pendulum Test and Modeling

The quantitative and objective evaluation of spasticity is desirable in rehabilitation and orthopedics where subjective evaluations are mostly used. In the present study, data from a simple pendulum test are used for the evaluation of the spasticity with the help of biomechanical modeling. The spasticity of a knee joint is modeled as nonlinear feedback of muscle lengthening velocity and the muscle length. Through the optimization of the modeling error, the feedback parameters are determined. The threshold of muscle lengthening velocity in the reflex system is suggested as a severity index of the spasticity.
Automobile Ownership and Use in Neotraditional and Conventional Neighborhoods

Although the commonly accepted link between automobile ownership and automobile use has inspired some municipalities to experiment with neighborhood design in an attempt to influence both automobile ownership and travel behavior, the underlying relationship between neighborhood design and automobile ownership is still unclear. Evidence suggests that automobile ownership is tightly linked to income and household size and is less responsive to urban design. This research uses data from a matched pair of neighborhoods–-one conventional and one neotraditional–-to consider the relationship between neighborhood design and automobile ownership and the relationship between these factors and automobile use. Statistically significant differences were found for automobile ownership in the two neighborhoods. In addition, there were clear differences in automobile use–-residents of neotraditional developments made fewer automobile trips, traveled fewer miles in their vehicles, and spent less time driving. This has implications for planning strategies that may help reduce automobile trips and miles separately from changes in automobile ownership.
Expanding the Current Boundaries of Nature-based Modeling and Computing: Chem-Inspiration for Meta-Heuristics

High-throughput methods in science have created a trend to generate massive amount of data that challenge our ability to mine and search through massive information spaces. Thus more efficient and effective solutions for data analysis and optimization are required continuously. The best solutions for many problems-solving approaches in science could have many sources of inspiration coming from diverse natural phenomena. In this context, most Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches benefit from emulation natural processes for their information processing strategy. Among the AI protocols, meta-heuristic algorithms for learning model and optimization have exploited a number of biological phenomena leading to highly effective search and learning engines. Examples of these processes are the ant colony organization, brain function and genetics among others. The evolution has turned all these biological events in highly efficient procedures, whose basics principles have then provided an excellent ground of new computational algorithms The aim of this report is pave the way to a new class of nature-based meta-heuristic methods which shall be based on diverse chemical and biomolecular systems. We present five examples from different subjects of Chemistry like Organic Chemistry, Chemical Physics and Biomolecules; and introduce how computational models could be inferred from them. Besides, we develop one of these models, in detail, which is based on protein evolution and folding principles. We consider that the wealth of systems and processes related to Chemistry, as those described in the present communication, might boost the development of relevant meta-heuristic and classification algorithms in upcoming years.
Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management The Use of Multi-Attribute Methods to Respond to a Nuclear Crisis

Some researchers have historically seen a potential for applying multi-attribute risk analysis in nuclear emergency management to more effectively address potentially conflicting objectives, stakeholders with different perspectives, and many uncertainties. This approach was expected to ensure that all relevant attributes are considered in decision making; to enhance communication between the stakeholders, including the public; and to provide a method for explicitly including risk analysis in the process. The intent was to develop a decision support tool a priori that provides decision makers with a preplanned, systematic, and transparent approach, ensuring that decisions are made in an effective and timely manner. This research used an expert elicitation methodology for the identification and weighting of model attributes and selects and executes the optimal one for this application. The research results suggest that: (1) there are multi attribute decision making models available for this application, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology is the preferred one; (2) attributes to populate the model could be identified and structured in an AHP format; (3) subject matter experts (SMEs) can be identified and are available for the expert elicitation; and (4) the results can be easily understood and implementable a priori.
Experimental Study on Strength Characteristics of Cement-Soil under CD/CU Condition

General triaxial CD and CU tests are conducted to properly understand mechanical property of cement-soil. Experiment data indicate that: (a) different stress paths have some but little influence on the strength of cement-soil; (b) under low confining pressure, cement-soil is similar to highly overconsolidated soil with shear dilatancy property; but under high confining pressure, it is similar to slightly overconsolidated soil; (c) its residual strength increases linearly with the increase of confining pressure, and the residual strength of CD test is greater than that of the CU test; (d) the ratio of residual strength to peak strength increases with the increase of confining pressure, while its increasing rate decreases; (e) the effective stress envelope of CU test and that of CD test are basically identical.
The Metrosexual Who Never Visited Finland – The Eternal Gender Gap in Appearance-related Consumption

Over two decades ago, we were introduced to a new form of masculinity, ‘the metrosexual’. Originally, the term was coined by journalist Mark Simpson in 1994. However, it was not until 2002 that the term gained global publicity as Simpson published his essay remarks online (Coad, 2016). Simpson’s original term referred to young single men living or working in the city, who were not only interested in but also had monetary possibilities to invest in their looks (Simpson, 1996). The journalist welcomed the new word echoing all around the Western, that masculinities were under a huge change. In Finland, different reports were made: ‘Men’s cosmetic industry is booming in Finland’ (Markkinointi ja mainonta [Marketing and advertising], 1999) and ‘Men got enthusiastic about their looks’ (Talouselämä [Economy], 2004). Only few wanted to ruin the party by claiming that the change, in the example of the sale of men’s cosmetic products, was rather imperceptible, or ‘cosmetic’, as noted inMarkkinointi ja mainonta (a trade journal in the field of media and marketing) in 2005. In Finland, metrosexuality got media attention partly because the practices related to metrosexuals felt distinctively different from the ones associated with Finnish men in particular. In other words, the metrosexuality was seen to challenge the conventional gender norms of appearance-related consumption. However, little academic effort was made to empirically analyse the ‘real nature’ of these possible normative changes. Instead it seems that the metrosexual phenomenon has always generated more popularity than academic interest. This means that academic research on metrosexuality is and has been scant. Hall
Dynamic performance assessment of an isolated wind–diesel power system with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit under turbulent wind and load disturbances

This paper presents modelling and control aspects of an isolated wind–diesel system equipped with a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) unit. The SMES unit is located at the induction generators' terminal bus, for exchanging real and reactive powers in four quadrants, with the wind–diesel system. The system components are modelled by non‐linear equations for accurate dynamic performance assessment and the SMES unit is modelled as a controllable current source. The control of the SMES unit is exercised through a multi‐input–multi‐output (MIMO) self‐tuning regulator (STR).
High-Resolution Imaging for the Analysis and Reconstruction of 3D Microenvironments for Regenerative Medicine: An Application-Focused Review

The rapid evolution of regenerative medicine and its associated scientific fields, such as tissue engineering, has provided great promise for multiple applications where replacement and regeneration of damaged or lost tissue is required. In order to evaluate and optimise the tissue engineering techniques, visualisation of the material of interest is crucial. This includes monitoring of the cellular behaviour, extracellular matrix composition, scaffold structure, and other crucial elements of biomaterials. Non-invasive visualisation of artificial tissues is important at all stages of development and clinical translation. A variety of preclinical and clinical imaging methods—including confocal multiphoton microscopy, optical coherence tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT)—have been used for the evaluation of artificial tissues. This review attempts to present the imaging methods available to assess the composition and quality of 3D microenvironments, as well as their integration with human tissues once implanted in the human body. The review provides tissue-specific application examples to demonstrate the applicability of such methods on cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and neural tissue engineering.