Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current patterns of primary care provider practices for the treatment of post-traumatic headache in active duty military settings

Objective To provide a preliminary assessment of the current clinical practice for the treatment of post-traumatic headache following concussion in military primary health care settings. Background Headache is one of the most common symptoms post-concussion; however, little is known of the current clinical practices of primary care providers (on the treatment of post-traumatic headache), particularly in military settings. Methods Study participants were primary care providers (n = 65) who treated active duty Service members suffering from post-traumatic headache at two military installations. Qualitative data gathered via semi-structured interviews were used to describe provider practices and experience in treating patients with post-traumatic headache. Results Some patterns of care across primary care providers treating post-traumatic headache were consistent with the Department of Defense-recommended clinical recommendation (e.g., recommendation of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment [89.4%]; engaging in follow-up care [100%]). Differences existed in timing of follow-up from initial visit [16.9% reporting within 24 hours; 21.5% reporting within 48–72 hours; and 26.2% reporting more than 1 week], the factors contributing to the type of care given (e.g., symptomatology [33.0%], injury characteristic [24.2%], patient characteristic [13.2%]) and the need for referral to higher level of care (e.g., symptomatology [44.6%], treatment failure [25.0%]). These variations may be indicative of individualized treatment which would be compliant with best clinical practice. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate the current clinical practice in military primary care settings for the treatment of post-traumatic headache which can potentially inform and improve implementation of provider training and education.
Using Intervention Mapping to Develop an Efficacious Multicomponent Systems-Based Intervention to Increase Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in a Large Urban Pediatric Clinic Network

The Journal of Applied Research on Children is brought to you for free and open access by CHILDREN AT RISK at DigitalCommons@The Texas Medical Center. It has a “cc by-nc-nd” Creative Commons license” (Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives) For more information, please contact digitalcommons@exch.library. tmc.edu claire.a. crawford@uth.tmc.edu. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT: The authors declare that this project was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors and their academic institutions have received no payment or services from a third party for any aspect of this project. There are no financial relationships with organizations or entities that could be perceived to influence, or that give the appearance of potentially influencing, what has been written in this work. No commercial patents or copyrights are or have been pending, issued, licensed, and/or received and no royalties have been received from this project. HHS Public Access Author manuscript J Appl Res Child. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 July 28.
Maximum-likelihood approaches to blind adaptive signal extraction using narrowband antenna arrays

A unifying approach to the design of blind adaptive signal extraction algorithms is presented, based on maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation of unknown signals with known modulation properties. The ML estimator of a signal-of-interest (SOI) waveform is derived, under the assumption that the SOI is received by a narrowband antenna array in the presence of temporally white interference with unknown spatial covariance and complex Gaussian probabilistic fraction-of-time-distribution. It is shown that the ML waveform estimate can be computed from the dominant mode of a generalized eigenequation if the SOI is a burst, narrowband, or spread spectrum waveform, or if the SOI is a perfectly conjugate self-coherent waveform, such as a DSB-AM or BPSK signal. It is also shown that the ML waveform estimate can be computed using an alternating projections formula if the SOI is a constant modulus waveform, such as an FM or CPFSK (continuous-phase frequency shift keying) signal. It is demonstrated that many of the blind array adaptation algorithms developed to date can be interpreted as ML waveform estimators. <<ETX>>
Two early rehabilitation training models in male patients after coronary artery bypass surgery: application of continuous walking training as an alternative to interval cycle ergometer training

Introduction Walking training is a good alternative to the commonly used cycle ergometer training. It is still necessary to develop rehabilitation programs based on walking characterized by a high degree of safety and effectiveness. Aim Application of continuous walking training as an alternative to interval cycle ergometer training in men after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, using the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) to determine the initial training load. Material and methods Forty-four men aged 45 to 76 years, up to 3 months after CABG surgery, were randomly assigned to continuous training on a treadmill (study group) or interval training on a cycle ergometer (control group), performed 6 times per week (12–15 sessions). Participants underwent the treadmill exercise stress test (TEST) and 6-MWT at the begining and after completion of the rehabilitation program. Before and 3 minutes after the 6th and 12th training session blood lactate concentration was determined. Results Energy expenditure in TEST increased from 4.4 to 6.3 MET in the study group and from 5.0 to 6.5 MET in the control group. Distance walked in 6-MWT increased from 420 to 519 m and from 438 to 510 m, respectively. Resting heart rate (HR) and double product (DP) decreased only in the study group as well as systolic blood pressure (SBP), HR and DP at peak exercise load in baseline TEST. Mean energy expenditure during training sessions was 2.6 MET in the study group and 2.8 MET in the control group (NS). Exercise blood lactate concentration did not exceed 2.0 mmol/l in both groups. Conclusions Both rehabilitation programs were of similar effectiveness and their intensity did not exceed the anaerobic threshold.
Saliency‐Based Segmentation of Optic Disc in Retinal Images

Accurate segmentation of Optic disc (OD) is significant for the automation of retinal analysis and retinal diseases screening. This paper proposes a novel optic disc segmentation method based on the saliency. It includes two stages: optic disc location and saliency-based segmentation. In the location stage, the OD is detected using a matched template and the density of the vessels. In the segmentation stage, we treat the OD as the salient object and formulate it as a saliency detection problem. To measure the saliency of a region, the boundary prior and the connectivity prior are exploited. Geodesic distance to the window boundary is computed to measure the cost the region spends to reach the window boundary. After a threshold and ellipse fitting, we obtain the OD. Experimental results on two public databases for OD segmentation show that the proposed method achieves thestate-of-the-art performance.
Clostridiumoroticum comb. nov. amended description

ABSTRACT The organism formerly designated Zymobacterium oroticum, Wachsman and Barker (1954), has been shown to produce heat resistant spores, and is therefore a member of the genus Clostridium. The characteristics of C. oroticum differ significantly from those of other species of the genus Clostridium that have been described.
Enumeration and metabolic product profiles of the anaerobic microflora in the mineral soil and litter of a beech forest

Although anaerobic microorganisms can be isolated from well-drained soils, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the anaerobic populations potentially involved in the turnover of carbon in oxic soils is poorly resolved. In the present study, most probable number (MPN) estimates demonstrated that the number of anaerobes that were cultured from both forest (beech) mineral soil and litter approximated 107 to 108 (g dry wt. soil or litter)−1, a value that also approximated the number of acetate-producing anaerobes. When a complex mixture of substrates was provided, the substrate-product profiles of the MPN series indicated that the substrates that yielded the highest numbers of microbes were: yeast extract>sugars>H2>organic acids and alcohols>methoxylated aromatic compounds. Except for yeast extract, this sequence also reflected the temporal consumption of these substrates in the MPN series. The cultured anaerobic population was dominated by members of the Enterobacteriaceae and other facultative anaerobes; the facultative microorganisms appeared to determine the initial anaerobic activities of both forest soil and litter. Compared to mineral soil, litter contained more sugar-consuming anaerobes but lower numbers of butyrate-forming anaerobes. H2, ethanol, butanediol, and aromatic methoxyl groups were utilized by acetogenic bacteria. H2-utilizing acetogens were a dominant group of obligate anaerobes, attesting to the ability of acetogens to survive transient or sustained periods of aeration in habitats such as leaf litter. The numbers of cultured methanogens were negligible. Together with previous findings, these results (i) demonstrate that the formation of acetate in soils is dependent on the combined activity of facultative and obligately anaerobic microorganisms, and (ii) emphasize the potential importance of acetate as an intermediate during the turnover of carbon in habitats subject to steep oxygen gradients.
Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings to different climatic conditions and their adaptation peculiarities

The influence of climatic conditions on seedlings of different Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations was investigated. The same soil used outdoors allowed to evaluate the sensitivity of populations to transfer and their adaptability. The population formed in the most continental conditions (Labanoras) essentially differed from the other populations. The population formed in the maritime conditions (Telšiai) demonstrated the most negative reaction to new climatic conditions. The southern medium continental population (Veisiejai) occupied an intermediate position. Seedlings of the most continental population (Labanoras) grew best in Sûduva-Dzûkija highlands, while seedlings of maritime (Telðiai) and medium continental (Veisiejai) populations preferred autochthonous locations. In the same growth conditions were ascertained differences in the genetic adaptation of population traits and characteristics in the juvenile stage (nursery). Therefore, selection of families in populations is more efficient than selection of populations. In more favourable conditions (nursery) a greater variation of growth and biological productivity indices is observed, thus selection in the nursery is more efficient on population, family and individual levels. The population from the most continental conditions exceeded by growth and biological productivity traits the seedlings from maritime and southern medium continental populations. Seedlings of the population formed in the maritime conditions showed a bad growth and lowest biological productivity traits. The survival of seedlings from families of different populations decreased from the north to the south: seedlings of the maritime population were superior for this trait than seedlings from the eastern most continental and southern medium continental populations.
Juncus kraussii harvesting in Umlalazi Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: socio-economic aspects and sustainability

Harvesting of the rush Juncus kraussii Hochst. for use as a fibre source in craftwork production was investigated within Umlalazi Nature Reserve in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The main objectives of the study were as follows: to determine the distribution and area of J. kraussii stands; to describe the characteristics of available J. kraussii culms; to carry out socio-economic assessments of harvesters' lifestyles; to evaluate the factors influencing harvesting and use of J. kraussii and possible alternatives; to estimate the direct income for the harvesters and, finally, to consider whether harvesting is sustainable and whether the current management practices are effective and appropriate. Juncus kraussii stands are managed by Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife (EKZNW). Ninety-seven percent of the rush harvesters were women, most were poorly educated and had limited employment. In total, twenty different items were made, more than has been recorded in previous literature, indicating a dynamism in craftwork that is poorly appreciated. All weavers produced sleeping and sitting mats, and 96% of them produced bridal sleeping mats. The latter are culturally important in Zulu households, no alternative wetland plant species being acceptable in their production. Juncus kraussii was traded, with 97% of the income generated being through the sale of craft products and 3% through raw materials sales. The majority of J. kraussii stands occur within Protected Areas and it is critical that harvester accessibility is maintained so that the cultural practices associated with the rush may continue. Analysis of harvest per unit effort suggests that J. kraussii is resilient to past harvesting levels. However, caution is required as the plant's restricted geographic distribution and moderate habitat specificity, as well as the high demand for culms in craftwork production, indicate that harvesting requires careful monitoring to ensure future supplies. The current biennial cutting regime should be maintained. However, the long-term impacts of annual cutting on above-ground and below-ground plant parts should be investigated to determine whether such a regime is sustainable.
Depression and functional disability in stroke patients

Background: Stroke patients often suffer from depression, a mental disorder that worsens their condition and slows down the recovery process. Depression is the leading cause of functional disability due to inability to cope with daily stressors and to function independently in their activities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between depression and functional disability levels in post-stroke patients. Design and Methods: This is an analytic observational research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in exam consisted of all 4-12 week post-stroke patient in the hospital (about 139 patients). The study focused on 104 respondents, who were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Results: The results show that 62.5% stroke patients suffered mild depressive episodes after the stroke while 58.7% experienced mild disabilities. Analysis results using the Pearson Product Moment Test obtained P=0,000. This shows there is a relationship between the level of depression and the degree of functional disability in post-stroke patients. Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the levels of post-stroke depression and the functional disability. Families are expected to provide a safe, supportive, and comfortable environment to lessen the level of depression. Significance for public health Post-stroke depression should be perceived as a psychological reaction to the clinical consequences caused by stroke. This condition can cause functional disability due to inability to cope with daily stressors and to function independently in activities. This study highlights the relationship between depression and functional disability levels in post-stroke patients.
Cerebral paradoxical embolism associated with patent foramen ovale and idiopathic venous thromboembolism in a 31-year-old patient

ABSTRACT Paradoxical embolism is the passage of venous thrombi into the arterial circulation through a pulmonary or intracardiac shunt. We report the management of a 31-year-old patient who initially presented with chest pain and right brachiofacial paresis. A diagnosis of paradoxical cerebral embolism associated with a spontaneous venous thromboembolism and a patent foramen ovale was made. The patient benefited from thrombolytic therapy and lifelong anticoagulation with good recovery. This case showed that percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale needs to be discussed individually.
Network theory, plot analysis

In the last few years, literary studies have experienced what we could call the rise of quantitative evidence. This had happened before of course, without producing lasting effects, but this time it’s probably going to be different, because this time we have digital databases, and automated data retrieval. As Michel’s and Lieberman’s recent article on "Culturomics" made clear, the width of the corpus and the speed of the search have increased beyond all expectations: today, we can replicate in a few minutes investigations that took a giant like Leo Spitzer months and years of work. When it comes to phenomena of language and style, we can do things that previous generations could only dream of. When it comes to language and style. But if you work on novels or plays, style is only part of the picture. What about plot – how can that be quantified? This paper is the beginning of an answer, and the beginning of the beginning is network theory. This is a theory that studies connections within large groups of objects: the objects can be just about anything – banks, neurons, film actors, research papers, friends. – and are usually called nodes or vertices; their connections are usually called edges; and the analysis of how vertices are linked by edges has revealed many unexpected features of large systems, the most famous one being the so-called "small-world" property, or "six degrees of separation": the uncanny rapidity with which one can reach any vertex in the network from any other vertex. The theory proper requires a level of mathematical intelligence which I unfortunately lack; and it typically uses vast quantities of data which will also be missing from my paper. But this is only the first in a series of studies we’re doing at the Stanford Literary Lab; and then, even at this early stage, a few things emerge.
Cellular heterogeneity map of diverse immune and stromal phenotypes within breast tumor microenvironment

Background Cellular heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment is essential to tumorigenesis and tumor development. A high-resolution global view of the tumor-infiltrating immune and stromal cells in breast tumors is needed. Methods xCell was used to create a cellular heterogeneity map of 64 cell types in 1,092 breast tumor and adjacent normal tissues. xCell digitally dissects tissue cellular heterogeneity based on gene expression. Integrated statistical analyses were then performed. Results There were noticeable differences between the cell fractions in tumor tissues and normal tissues. Tumors displayed higher proportions of immune cells, including CD4+ Tem, CD8+ naïve T cells, and CD8+ Tcm compared with normal tissues. Immune inhibitory receptors (PD1, CTLA4, LAG3 and TIM3) were co-expressed on certain subtypes of T cells in breast tumors, and PD1 and CTLA4 were both positively correlated with CD8+ Tcm and CD8+ T cells. 28 cell types were significantly associated with overall survival in univariate analysis. CD4+ Tem, CD8+ Tcm, CD8+ T-cells, CD8+ naive T-cells, and B cells were positive prognostic factors but CD4+ naive T-cells were negative prognostic factors for breast cancer patients. TDRD6 and TTK are promising T cell and B cell targets for tumor vaccines. Endothelial cells and fibroblasts were significantly less prevalent in tumor tissues; astrocytes and mesangial cells were negatively correlated with the T stage. Mesangial cells and keratinocytes were found to be favorable prognostic factors and myocytes were negative prognostic factors. Five cell types were found to be independent prognostic factors and we used these to create a reliable prognostic model for breast cancer patients. Cellular heterogeneity was discovered among different breast cancer subtypes by Her2, ER, and PR status. Tri-negative patients had the highest fraction of immune cells while luminal type patients had the lowest. The various cells may have diverse or opposing roles in the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Conclusions We created a uniquecellular map for the diverse heterogeneity of immune and stromal phenotypes within the breast tumor microenvironment. This map may lead to potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers with prognostic utility.
Inverted ILM flap technique versus conventional ILM peeling for idiopathic large macular holes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Purpose To compare the anatomical and visual outcomes of inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique with the conventional ILM peeling for idiopathic large macular holes (MHs). Methods A meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) using online databases including NCBI PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ISI Web of Science was performed. Anatomic success and type 1 closure rates, the mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the mean change of BCVA from baseline were analyzed. Results Out of 251 articles, four described clinical trials matching the inclusion criteria and were selected. They included 276 eyes (135 eyes in the inverted ILM flap group and 141 eyes in the ILM peeling group). All the studies used gas tamponade, with two studies having a follow-up duration of 3 months, while one study had a follow-up of 6 months and one study– 12 months. The meta-analysis demonstrated that anatomic success and type 1 closure rates (presence of neurosensory retina in MH) were better in the inverted ILM flap technique (odds ratio (OR) = 4.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.09–11.47; P = 0.0003 and OR = 5.23; 95% CI, 2.83–9.66; P<0.00001). Similarly, the inverted flap technique was superior in terms of postoperative logMAR BCVA and mean change of logMAR BCVA from baseline (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.17, 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.24, P<0.00001 and WMD = 0.08, 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.16, P = 0.03) Conclusion Inverted ILM flap treatment resulted in better closure rates and visual acuity when compared to the standard ILM peeling for large MHs.
The metazoan parasites of swordfish from Atlantic tropical–equatorial waters

The metazoan parasite fauna composition of the swordfish Xiphias gladius is reported from 145 (72 females and 73 males) specimens caught in Atlantic tropical–equatorial waters during June to July 2006 and August 2007. Seventeen metazoan taxa (two monogeneans, two digeneans, one acanthocephalan, four cestodes, seven nematodes and one copepod) were identified by morphological and genetic methodologies. Among those identified, Anisakis brevispiculata, Anisakis paggiae and the acanthocephalan Bolbosoma vasculosum are new host records. Dominant species were: the anisakid nematode larvae Anisakis physeteris, Anisakis brevispiculata, Hysterothylacium incurvum and Hysterothylacium corrugatum (s.l.), the adult cestode Fistulicola plicatus, the plerocercoid Hepatoxylon squali and the monogeneans Tristoma integrum and Tristoma coccineum, which showed high prevalences and intensities. The relationship between metazoan parasites and host size and sex was investigated for the first time. No statistically significant correlation was found between host sex and parasite burden. Infection levels with T. integrum and T. coccineum were observed to be significantly negatively correlated to host size. Infection levels by endoparasites observed in X.gladius from Atlantic tropical-equatorial area may be related to host feeding behaviour and the availability of the parasites’ intermediate and final hosts in the area studied. Anisakids of the genus Anisakis, were identified genetically to species level, and were considered to be promising biological tags for the characterization of X.gladius stocks.