Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Southward Shift of Westerlies Intensifies the East Asian Early Summer Rainband Following El Niño

An intensification of East Asian rainfall usually occurs in summers following El Niño. We propose that this teleconnection is mediated via the westerlies impinging on the Tibetan Plateau, through El Niño's control on tropical tropospheric temperature. This is distinct from previous studies that attribute the El Niño's influence to changes in the western Pacific subtropical anticyclone. The warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific leads to uniform warming of the entire tropical troposphere, which sharpens the temperature gradient between the tropics and the subtropics and shifts the westerlies southward. The westerlies impinge over the Tibetan Plateau for longer and, through interaction with the topography, induce intense and persistent extratropical northerlies downstream of the plateau that in turn intensifies the East Asian rainband. The rainband has previously been shown to intensify in a similar manner in a warming climate, suggesting that the El Niño response provides an analog for future changes.
Innovations at the edge: how local innovations are established in less favourable environments

ABSTRACT Local innovation research often focuses on big cities and creative places. However, novel developments also emerge in provincial cities and in interactions between (social) entrepreneurs and policymakers. This article shows, by way of two case studies in Greece and Poland and an interpretive policy analysis, how local innovations are established in seemingly less innovation-friendly cities. It reveals that it is not the innovative product itself that faces opposition, but the new ways of collaborative action that pave the way for the novel development. Overcoming resistance takes place in communicative negotiation processes and benefits from shared problem construction.
Economic analysis of ginger cultivation in selected locations of Nepal

Although Ginger is the main cash crop for small farmers across the country, the economic condition is not satisfactory which can be attributed to high cost of product and low productivity. The study was conducted in four ginger growing areas of Palpa, Nepal in 2012, focusing on cost factors of various inputs. The study revealed that ginger production was profitable on cash cost basis (BCR 7.22). Seed have major cost share for ginger production (65.1%). The estimated coefficients of Cobb-Douglas production function showed that seed, labor and number of years for crop rotation were the significant factors for ginger production. The study concluded that ginger production can be made viable enterprise with increased focus on source seed production and distribution. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 681-691, December 2017
Fluorinated diphenylalanine analogue based supergelators: a stencil that accentuates the sustained release of antineoplastic drugs

ABSTRACT Inspired by the prolonged metabolism displayed by para substituted fluorinated drugs, we intended to design two isomers Fmoc-(4F)-Phe-Phe-OH (hydrogelator I) & Fmoc-(3F)-Phe-Phe-OH (hydrogelator II) to explore the propensity of fluorine substitution in the aromatic ring of phenylalanine, in assisting or disrupting the gelation phenomena. However, our experimental observation reveals that hydrogelator I and II containing fluorines in the aromatic core illustrates excellent hydrogelation ability in comparison to the unsubstituted analogue, in accordance with the computational findings. Indeed, the hydrogelators displayed b-sheet with a fibrillar tape like morphology and were found to be biocompatible. We developed hydrogel nanoparticles (HNPs) that exhibited particle size less than 200 nm, and were found to release the antineoplastic drugs, 5Fluorouracil, curcumin and doxorubicin in a sustained manner depending on the architectural parameters of the drugs. Thus the prospective use of these compounds holds immense promise as a potential tool for future drug delivery applications.
Village poverty governance and the subjective well-being of households in central and western rural China

ABSTRACT Using survey data from 633 households in China’s central and western regions, this article employs a life satisfaction approach to examine the influence of village poverty governance on the subjective well-being of rural households and estimates the monetary value of poverty governance. Applying the 2SLS and instrumental variable methods, this study demonstrated that improving village poverty governance can help increase the subjective well-being of rural households. The results also indicated that village poverty governance has a significant positive impact on the well-being of non-poor households but has no significant impact on the well-being of poor households. Given this difference, the participation of poor households in village poverty governance should be increased, and the capability approach of poor groups should be reinforced to prevent unfair procedures and uneven resource allocation.
Adolescent-Parent Communication on Sexual and Reproductive Health issues in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Adolescent-parent sexual communication is an effective strategy to make healthy decisions, delay and protect from risky behavior. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize and estimate the level of adolescent- parent communication on sexual and reproductive health issues in Ethiopia. Methods Cross-sectional studies were systematically searched using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and gray literature. Information was extracted using a standardized form of JBI. Data were analyzed using the ‘meta’ packages of the Stata software (version 11.0). I-squared statistic was applied to check the heterogeneity of studies. Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to check for publication bias. P-value <0.05 on the Egger test was considered indicative of statistically significant publication bias. Results A total of 359 articles were identified, of which 19 were eligible for meta-analysis. Adolescent-parent communications on SRH issues were significantly reported within the range of 25.3% to 36.9% and more preferred to discuss with their friends. The overall pooled level of adolescent parent communication was 40.70 (95%CI: 34.26–47.15). Adolescents who lived in urban areas, having good knowledge of SRH issues, adolescents who agreed on the importance of discussion and adolescents who ever had sexual intercourse were more likely to discuss SRH issues with their parents. Conclusion The overall pooled level of adolescent-parent communication was 40.70%, and also adolescent-parent communications were dominantly reported with the ranges of 25.3% to 36.9%. Being urban dweller, being knowledgeable, and being agreed on the importance of discussion were significantly associated with adolescent-parent communication. Cultural taboo, shame and lack of communication skills were reasons that hindered communication between parents and adolescents. Therefore, program implementers should work to increase adolescent-parent communication.
Migration Harshness Drives Habitat Choice And Local Adaptation In Anadromous Arctic Char: Evidence From Integrating Population Genomics And Acoustic Telemetry

Migration is a ubiquitous life history trait with profound evolutionary and ecological consequences. Recent developments in telemetry and genomics, when combined, can bring significant insights on the migratory ecology of non-model organisms in the wild. Here, we used this integrative approach to document dispersal, gene flow and local adaptation in anadromous Arctic Char from six rivers in the Canadian Arctic. Telemetry data from 124 tracked individuals indicated asymmetric dispersal, with a large proportion (72%) of fish tagged in three rivers migrating up the shortest river in the fall. Population genomics data from 6,136 SNP markers revealed weak, albeit significant, population differentiation (FST = 0.011) and population assignments confirmed the asymmetric dispersal revealed by telemetry data. Approximate Bayesian Computation simulations suggested the presence of asymmetric gene flow but in the opposite direction than that observed from the telemetry data, suggesting that dispersal does not necessarily lead to gene flow. These observations suggested that Arctic Char home to their natal river to spawn, but may overwinter in rivers with the least harsh migratory route to minimize the costs of migration in non-breeding years. Genome scans and genetic-environment-associations identified 90 markers putatively associated with local adaptation, 23 of which were in or near a gene. Of those, at least four were involved in muscle and cardiac function, further highlighting the potential importance of migratory harshness as a selective pressure. Our study illustrates the power of integrating genomic and telemetry to study migrations in non-model organisms in logistically challenging environments such as the Arctic.
Characterizing Subsiding Shells in Shallow Cumulus Using Doppler Lidar and Large‐Eddy Simulation

The existence of subsiding shells on the periphery of shallow cumulus clouds has major implications concerning the parameterization of shallow convection, with the mass exchange between the shell and cloudy air representing a significant deviation from the commonly used bulk‐plume parameterization. We examine the structure and frequency of subsiding shells in shallow cumulus convection using Doppler lidars at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains facility in the central United States and at the Jülich ObservatorY for Cloud Evolution in western Germany. Doppler lidar indicates that the vertical subsiding shell extent is asymmetric, while shell width is typically ~100 m. Large‐eddy simulation can reasonably simulate the observed shell structure using a grid spacing of 10 m and suggests that much of the observed asymmetry is not a result of transient cloud evolution.
POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF DISINTEGRIN/LIKE DOMAIN IN MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS HOMING IN MICE LIVER INJURY MODEL

Liver disease is one of the major health problems in many countries. Mesenchymal Stem cells have opened a new approach to deal with liver fibrosis. Improvement of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cellshoming after systemic injection of disintegrin/like domain purified from Egyptian horned Cerastes cerastes crude venomwhichwas shown byprevious study. This work was designed to investigate the possible mechanism of disintegrin/like domainin mesenchymal stem cells homing to fibrotic liver of CCl 4 treated mice. Quantitative gene expression was performed for stromal cell-derived factor-1α to study homing of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, transforming growth factor beta 1 to study bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cellshoming and regeneration of liver cells and hepatocyte growth factor to study regeneration of liver cells in CCl 4 induced liver injury in white albino mice. It was found that disintegrin/like domaincould increase homing ofbone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells as showed by the significant increase in liver stromal cell-derived factor -1α gene expression, transforming growth factor beta 1 as well as hepatocyte growth factor genes expression compared to the non disintegrin/like domaintreated CCl 4 group. Keywords : BM-MSCs; CCl 4 ; HGF; SDF-1α; TGF-β1.
Trophic structure of ichthyofauna in streams of the Contas River basin, Brazil

ABSTRACT Understand how environmental factors correlate with the trophic structure of fish communities is a fundamental step to allow designing models for the functioning of stream ecosystems and planning conservation actions. Thus, this study aims to characterize the trophic structure of fish communities of streams of the Contas River basin and evaluate the relationships between local environmental factors (stream structure and limnological variables) and trophic structure. We sample nine streams of the Upper Contas sub-basin and nine of the Gongogi sub-basin using electric fishing. We analyzed the diet of 24 species, arranged in six trophic guilds, according to stomach contents: detritivores, omnivores, insectivores, invertivores, piscivores, and algivores. The results show high proportions of detritivores (46.62%), omnivores (28.55%), and insectivores (11.8%). Invertivores were correlated to colder streams, and with little proportion of sand in the substrate. Algivores were positively related to temperature and proportion of sand in the substrate. The relationship between other guilds and the environmental factors was not significant, probably due to limitations in the number of streams in the analysis. The sub-basins did not differ regarding the trophic structure, corroborating the perception that the trophic structure is more influenced by local factors than by broader scale factors.
Dietary flexibility in small carnivores: a case study on the endangered northern quoll, Dasyurus hallucatus

The endangered northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus) is a predatory marsupial with a wide and disjointed distribution across northern Australia. The disjunct Pilbara population occurs in a uniquely arid area, and faces different threatening processes to populations elsewhere. To better understand the ecology of this small carnivore, we undertook a dietary analysis of 498 scats collected across ∼100,000 km2. We calculated dietary composition and niche breadth and modeled these against biogeophysical factors (latitude, longitude, rainfall, elevation, and distance to coast) for 10 study landscapes. We also conducted pairwise comparisons of diet groups to evaluate regional dietary differences. Quolls were highly omnivorous, consuming at least 23 species of vertebrates (mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs), as well as arthropods, molluscs, fruit, and carrion. Diet varied widely across the region, with up to 3-fold differences in dietary niche breadth between study landscapes. We found few clear environmental drivers of the diet of D. hallucatus. The most frequently consumed food type was insects, but their occurrence in diets decreased as that of rodents and vegetation increased, indicating potential dietary preferences. The broad and variable diet of D. hallucatus indicates opportunism similar to that of other small carnivores. Given this broad dietary niche, conservation managers will need a priori knowledge of local prey abundance if they are to accurately predict the composition of D. hallucatus diets.
Intensive forest harvesting increases susceptibility of northern forest soils to carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus loss

Summary 1.Understanding the impact of forest harvesting is critical to sustainable forest management, yet there remains much uncertainty regarding how harvesting affects soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics. 2.Here we conducted a global meta-analysis of 808 observations from 49 studies to test the effects of harvesting on the stocks and concentrations of soil C, N, and P and C:N:P ratios relative to uncut control stands. 3.With all harvesting intensities combined, C stock was unaffected by harvesting in either the forest floor or mineral soil, while harvesting reduced forest floor [C], [N], and [P] and C:N ratio, increased the mineral soil [C] and C:N ratio, but reduced mineral soil N stock. The impacts of harvesting on forest floor C and N stocks, C:P and N:P and mineral soil [C] and [N] changed from no effects by partial, stem-only and whole-tree harvesting to significantly negative effects by the harvesting coupled with fire. Stem-only and whole-tree harvesting similarly reduced forest floor [P]. The negative effects of harvesting were most pronounced in conifer stands. Soil [C], [N] and C:N decreased with time since harvesting, but soil [P] did not, resulting in an increase in forest floor N:P. 4.Synthesis and applications. Our findings highlight the importance of harvest intensity and rotation length on long-term soil nutrient availability when managing forests. Furthermore, the lag in the recovery of phosphorus concentration following harvesting may indicate a decoupling of the phosphorus cycle from those of carbon and nitrogen and a potential concern in managed forests. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Aluminum-Specific Upregulation of GmALS3 in the Shoots of Soybeans: A Potential Biomarker for Managing Soybean Production in Acidic Soil Regions

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils is a global agricultural problem that limits crop productivity through the inhibition of root growth. However, poor management associated with the application of soil acidity amendments such as lime (CaCO3) in certain crop types can pose a threat to low-input farming practices. Accordingly, it is important to develop appropriate techniques for the management of crop production in acidic soils. In this study, we identified ALS3 (ALUMINUM SENSITIVE 3) in soybeans (Glycine max, cultivar Toyomasari), which is highly expressed in the shoot under Al stress. GmALS3 (Glyma.10G047100) expression was found to be Al-specific under various stress conditions. We analyzed GmALS3 expression in the shoots of soybean plants grown in two different types of acidic soils (artificial and natural acidic soil) with different levels of liming and found that GmALS3 expression was suppressed with levels of liming that have been shown to eliminate soil Al3+ toxicity. Using soybeans as a model, we identified a potential biomarker that could indicate Al toxicity and appropriate liming levels for soybeans cultivated in acidic soils.
Ecological niche modeling and new distribution records of the central dwarf frog P. centralis Bokermann, 1962 (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) with comments on its taxonomic status

Physalaemus centralis is distributed over open areas of eastern South America. Herein, we perform an extensive review of occurrence records and propose a potential distribution based on ecological niche modeling. In order to confirm species identification, as well taxonomic status along its distribution, we provide morphological and molecular data from analysed specimens. To reach our goals, we compiled data available in the literature and from scientific collections, as well as unpublished data. We identified records of P. centralis in 123 localities, 86 of those records remain unpublished. Consequently, it is possible to extend its range of distribution to the state of Rondônia, Brazil, and also to the Caatinga formation. The Maxent algorithm provided a model of potential distribution consistent with the distribution proposed here. Results indicate that P. centralis has a large distribution associated to open areas of South America (Cerrado, Caatinga and Pantanal), with no evidence that this is a case of species complex. The multiple approach proposed herein, that combines occurrence data from different sources and molecular data to confirm species identification, provided consistent results. Therefore, we recommend that this framework be used as a protocol to assess species distribution in future studies, especially in the case of widely distributed species.
Correlation and Path Coefficient Studies for Kernel Yield and Component Traits in Maize

Maize is one of the most important crop belonging to the family Poaceae. In India, maize is grown throughout the year in most of the states. It is grown for both human as well as animal consumption. For producing high yielding genotypes in maize, selection based on yield alone is not useful because yield is a complex and polygenic character resulting from multiplicative interaction of its component traits. The cumulative effect of component traits determines yield and plays an important role in modification of yield as a whole in magnitude as well as in direction. Therefore, correlation studies are of considerable importance in any selection programme as they provide information on the degree and direction of relationship between two or more component traits. Besides this, path coefficient analysis is also important because it provides an effective means of estimating the direct and indirect effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable and permits a critical examination of the specific forces acting to produce a given correlation and measures the relative importance of each factor. Keeping these points in view the present investigation was carried out to estimate the character International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 8 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Use of Social Media in Planning Domestic Holidays: A Study on Malaysian Millennials

This study examines the social media usage of Malaysian millennials in planning their domestic holidays. This study integrated the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and technology acceptance model (TAM) variables by adding electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), as it is a crucial factor influencing the travel industry nowadays. Data were collected from 301 Malaysians. The results show that e-WOM is the greatest antecedent influencing Malaysian millennials to use social media in planning their domestic holidays. Local tourism organizations such as Tourism Malaysia could gain an understanding of the issue through this study, and the promotion of local tourism through social media could be developed to reach millennials in Malaysia.
Qualitative Evaluation of Teacher Trauma Knowledge and Response in Schools

ABSTRACT Childhood trauma has well-documented negative psychological and school-related impacts. Yet, limited research has examined teachers’ experiences and training regarding trauma-impacted students. The current study aimed to identify how teachers respond to student trauma, the availability of resources and training for trauma response, and the wellbeing and professional practice issues of teachers regarding student trauma. Interviews with 27 Victorian, Australian, primary, and secondary school teachers revealed variation in response to student trauma, differing levels of knowledge and training, and differing school policy and resources to manage trauma-impacted students and parents. Prior experience and training increased teachers’ perceived wellbeing and capacity to effectively respond to student trauma. Results of this study contribute unique insight toward development of targeted resources and school programs to reduce negative impacts of trauma on children, and the teachers who support them.
In Vivo 1H-MRS Lipid Signal: Is it Useful for Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?

Baek HM1,2* 1Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-Ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea 2Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajungro, Yuseong-ro, Daejeon 305-333, Korea *Corresponding author: Hyeon-Man Baek, Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-Ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea, Tel: +82-43-240-5054; Fax: +82-43-240-5028; E-mail: Hyeonmanbaek@gmail.com