Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physics-Based Neural Network Methods for Solving Parameterized Singular Perturbation Problem

This work is devoted to the description and comparative study of some methods of mathematical modeling. We consider methods that can be applied for building cyber-physical systems and digital twins. These application areas add to the usual accuracy requirements for a model the need to be adaptable to new data and the small computational complexity allows it to be used in embedded systems. First, we regard the finite element method as one of the “pure” physics-based modeling methods and the general neural network approach as a variant of machine learning modeling with physics-based regularization (or physics-informed neural networks) and their combination. A physics-based network architecture model class has been developed by us on the basis of a modification of classical numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations. The model problem has a parameter at some values for which the phenomenon of stiffness is observed. We consider a fixed parameter value problem statement and a case when a parameter is one of the input variables. Thus, we obtain a solution for a set of parameter values. The resulting model allows predicting the behavior of an object when its parameters change and identifying its parameters based on observational data.
Adding LCMPT Terms to Local Catalog Records for Notated Music for Voice and Piano

ABSTRACT Medium of performance is a valuable way to find music materials, but it is challenging to search by medium in library catalogs. Songs for specific voice types are especially difficult to look for using legacy metadata such as subject headings. This article describes a project to add terms from Library of Congress Medium of Performance Thesaurus for Music to records for scores for songs with piano in an academic library catalog. Appropriate terms are identified by examining subject headings and uncontrolled fields in the records. Adding these terms can enhance discovery and enables deeper analysis of the collection.
Overview of HAHA at IberLEF 2021: Detecting, Rating and Analyzing Humor in Spanish

We present the results of HAHA at IberLEF 2021: Humor Analysis ba-sed on Human Annotation. This year’s edition of the competition includes the two classic tasks of humor detection and rating, plus two novel tasks of humor logic me-chanism and target classiﬁcation. We describe the corpus created for the challenge, the competition phases, the submitted systems and the main results obtained.
Determinants of electricity demand in Ghana: the role of power crises

ABSTRACT The crucial role of electricity in prosecuting the development agenda of economies is widely known. Yet some key variables are lacking in the assessment of electricity demand determinants. One such variable is power crises. This study re-visits the discussion by investigating the role of power crises on electricity demand. We employ data from 1980 to 2018 to examine how power crises in general and in particular the 2012–2015 severe power crisis in Ghana impacts electricity consumption. Using various econometric techniques, we find that power crises have adverse effects on electricity demand in the long run. The 2012–2015 episode of power crisis in particular, has potentially led to consumers reconsidering their sources of energy by reducing electricity demand in the long term.
Tribological behaviour of microalloyed Cu50Zr50 alloy

Promoting the martensitic transformation through optimum microalloying with Fe and/or Mn was observed to be an effective method to enhance the wear resistance of the Cu50Zr50 at. % shape memory alloy (SMA). Among all the potential microelements and concentrations, partial replacement of Cu by up to 1 at. % Fe and Mn is of interest since from density functional based calculations large minimization of the stacking fault energy (SFE) of the B2 CuZr phase is predicted. For this reason, an effective martensitic transformation is expected. The largest decrease of the SFE from 0.36 J/m2 to 0.26 J/m2 is achieved with partial replacement of Cu by 0.5 at. % Fe. This results in the highest martensitic transformation upon wear testing, especially at highest load (15 N) for which the mass loss is 0.0123 g compared to 0.0177 g for Cu50Zr50 and a specific wear rate of 5.9 mm3/Nm, compared to 8.5 for mm3/Nm for Cu50Zr50. This agrees with the low coefficient of friction of 0.48±0.05 and low roughness of 0.200±0.013 μm of the Fe-containing alloy compared to that for Cu50Zr50, 0.55 and 0.415±0.026 μm, respectively. All the worn surfaces show the formation of abrasive grooves, being shallowest for the more wear resistant 0.5 at. % Fe alloy. The second more wear resistant alloy contains 0.5 at. % Mn. Wear mechanisms of abrasion, adhesion and delamination have been identified.
Trajectories of cropping system intensification under changing environment in south-west coastal Bangladesh

ABSTRACT The cropping systems in south-west coastal Bangladesh face multiple challenges. A clearer understanding of the trajectories of cropping intensification can promote policy responses to current impacts, adaptations, and target support to farmers. This research aimed to assess (i) observed and perceived changes in temperature, rainfall and salinization, (ii) impacts of these changes on local cropping and aquaculture systems, and (iii) cropping system intensification. Primary data were collected in discussions with farmers (n = 63), extension service providers (n = 7) and researchers (n = 5) in the study area. Secondary data on climate, soil salinity, and farming systems were obtained from government sources. Respondents perceived increasing temperature, decreasing rainfall with anomalous patterns, increasing soil salinization, and increasing extreme events consistent with the observed meteorological data. The impacts were changes in farming operations, increased natural enemies, reduced irrigation water supplies, and yield losses. Cropping intensity in the study region increased from 135% in 1992–175% in 2018, though it is still below the national figure (194%). The intensification is driven by biophysical and socio-economics factors and supported by research, extension and infrastructure development. Further intensification opportunities require targeted research, smart farm management technologies, enhance extension services, improved value-chain, and continuing infrastructure development. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Unsupervised Representation Learning for Speech Activity Detection in the Fearless Steps Challenge 2021

In this paper, we describe the ViVoLab speech activity detection (SAD) system submitted to the Fearless steps Challenge - phase III. This series of challenges have proposed a number of speech processing task dealing with audio from Apollo space missions over the last few years. The focus in this edition is set on the generalisation capabilities of the systems, with new evaluation data from different channels. Our proposed submission is based on the use of the unsupervised representation learning paradigm, seeking to obtain a new and more discriminative audio representation than traditional perceptual features such as log Mel-ﬁlterbank energies. These new features are used to train different variations of a convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN). Experimental results show that features learned via unsupervised learning provide a much more robust representation, signiﬁcantly reducing the mismatch observed between development and evaluation partition results. Obtained results largely outperform the organisation baseline, achieving a DCF metric of 2.98% on the evaluation set and ranking third among all the participant teams.
CelloMOF: Nanocellulose Enabled 3D Printing of Metal–Organic Frameworks

3D printing is recognized as a powerful tool to develop complex geometries for a variety of materials including nanocellulose. Herein, a one‐pot synthesis of 3D printable hydrogel ink containing zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF‐8) anchored on anionic 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxylradical‐mediated oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) is presented. The synthesis approach of ZIF‐8@TOCNF (CelloZIF8) hybrid inks is simple, fast (≈30 min), environmentally friendly, takes place at room temperature, and allows easy encapsulation of guest molecules such as curcumin. Shear thinning properties of the hybrid hydrogel inks facilitate the 3D printing of porous scaffolds with excellent shape fidelity. The scaffolds show pH controlled curcumin release. The synthesis route offers a general approach for metal–organic frameworks (MOF) processing and is successfully applied to other types of MOFs such as MIL‐100 (Fe) and other guest molecules as methylene blue. This study may open new venues for MOFs processing and its large‐scale applications.
Promotion of environmental regulation on the decoupling of marine economic growth from marine environmental pollution—based on interprovincial data in China

As an important factor of global marine economic development, high-quality marine economic development depends on the important role played by environmental regulations in dealing with the relationship between marine economic growth and the reduction of marine environmental pollution. The Tapio decoupling model is used in this study to analyze the impact mechanism of environmental regulations on the decoupling between marine economic growth and marine environmental pollution (referred to as ‘marine environment decoupling’). The results of the Tapio decoupling model demonstrate that China's marine economy has experienced fluctuations of ‘growth connection’—‘weak decoupling’—‘negative decoupling of expansion’—‘strong decoupling’—followed by ‘growth connection’. The marine economy is gradually decoupling from marine pollution. The dynamic panel model results show that environmental regulation is nonlinearly related to the marine environment decoupling in a ‘U’ shape, and technological innovation and industrial structures have a ‘U’-shaped regulating effect on the impact of environmental regulation on the marine environment decoupling. Furthermore, market-incentive and social-supervision environmental regulations can promote the marine environment decoupling. The three types of environmental regulations are ranked as follows: ‘market-incentive environmental regulations > social-supervision environmental regulations > command environmental regulations’ according to their clearly observable and varied roles. For these three major areas, environmental regulations are nonlinearly related to marine environment decoupling in the Pan-Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta, and linearly related to that of Bohai Bay. The results provide valuable references for understanding marine environment decoupling drivers and developing high-quality marine economy by considering the role of environmental regulations.
BIMAM—a tool for imputing variables missing across datasets using a Bayesian imputation and analysis model

Abstract Motivation Combination of multiple datasets is routine in modern epidemiology. However, studies may have measured different sets of variables; this is often inefficiently dealt with by excluding studies or dropping variables. Multilevel multiple imputation methods to impute these ‘systematically’ missing data (as opposed to ‘sporadically’ missing data within a study) are available, but problems may arise when many random effects are needed to allow for heterogeneity across studies. We show that the Bayesian IMputation and Analysis Model (BIMAM) implemented in our tool works well in this situation. General features BIMAM performs imputation and analysis simultaneously. It imputes both binary and continuous systematically and sporadically missing data, and analyses binary and continuous outcomes. BIMAM is a user-friendly, freely available tool that does not require knowledge of Bayesian methods. BIMAM is an R Shiny application. It is downloadable to a local machine and it automatically installs the required freely available packages (R packages, including R2MultiBUGS and MultiBUGS). Availability BIMAM is available at [www.alecstudy. org/bimam].
The Value Relevance of Financial Metrics to Publicly Listed Firms: Evidence from Large-, Mid-, and Small-Cap Firms Listed in NYSE and NSDAQ

Financial metrics are used to evaluate the business’ activities and strategies. This study aims to determine the value relevance of financial metrics by using cross-sectional data. The sample of the study includes 300 publicly listed firms in both NYSE and NSDAQ. A correlation analysis reveals that the firm’s effectiveness is significantly related to liquidity, solvency, revenue growth, profitability and dividend metrics. The firm’s market value is significantly related to liquidity, solvency, profitability and dividends. The firm’s stock performance suggests mixed results wherein change in MPPS is influenced by liquidity, profitability, dividends and the firm’s effectiveness. A regression analysis of the firm’s effectiveness found that the financial metrics are relevant factors to the ROA however they are not relevant to the ROE. On the firm’s market value, the 12-month sales growth, 12-month EPS, and ROA are relevant to the P/S. In addition, the CR and DE are relevant to the P/B and the quarterly EPS and expected EPS are relevant to the PEG. Conversely, the financial metrics are not relevant to the P/E of the firm. On the firm’s stock performance, the financial metrics are relevant to the changes in MPPS in different periods. Primarily, the ROA is relevant to the change in MPPS in periods of 3 months, 6 months, and YTD. In a period of one (1) year, the DY and ROA are relevant to the change in MPPS. The findings empirically establish the value relevance of financial metrics and these give implication to firms and stakeholders.
Assessment of Enzymatic Bioremediation for Catechol in Water by the Role of Immobilized Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase on Biosilica of Diatoms Frustule and other Polymers

The highest specific activity for (C12O) enzyme purification was within the second stage of the purificationsteps represented by precipitation with ammonium sulfate AS 2% (weight / volume), reaching about 14.56U. mg-1 after achieving the purification by 6.6 folds with a recovery rate of 78.3%. The optimum catalyticactivity of the enzyme (C12O) was within the pH of 6.5-8.5 and the temperature of 25 ° C. Immobilization of(C12O) enzyme by biosilica of diatom frustules DFS/G GA gave a double shifting of 20 ° C from the optimumtemperature for enzyme activity, within all the purification stages, as the percentage of catechol degradationthrough it at the temperature of 45 ° C reached about 93% and 87.2% and 85% were in the precipitationstage with ammonium sulfate AS and the precipitation with streptomycin sulfate SS and the enzymatic crudeextract CEE respectively. While the shifting was only 10 ° C in the case of immobilization on polymericsupports types: PAN / G and PAA / G. In contrast, the soluble (C12O) enzyme which did not show anyshifting by its optimum temperature , and its highest activity values were within the optimum temperatureof 25 ° C. While the method of immobilization for (C12O) enzyme by biosilica of diatom frustules DFS/Ggave a 1.5-degree shifting for the optimum pH of the enzyme activity, within all the purification stages, thehighest rates of catechol degradation were reached through it at the base pH 9-10 about 91.8% and 86.5. %And 85.0% in the AS, CEE and SS stages, respectively. Whereas, the enzyme immobilization methods of(C12O) by PAN / G and PAA / G did not show such displacement during the enzymatic purification stagewith streptomycin sulfate SS but were limited to the primarily stages of enzymatic purification. , As it wasable to shift the optimal pH of the (C12O) enzyme by 1.5 degrees also within the purification stages of ASand CEE. The rates of catechol biodegradation through it at the base pH 9-10 were about 79.0% and 71.8%,respectively, in the case of immobilization by PAN /G and PAA / G with percentages of 71.8% and 62.0%,respectively. In contrast, soluble (C12O) enzyme did not show any shifting by its optimum pH, and itshighest activity values were within the optimum pH of 6.5-8.5. The reason for these results may be attributedto the role of the large surface area ready for covalent immobilization of (C12O) enzyme by biosilica ofdiatom frustules compared with the surface area of pores of the two types of polymeric membranes used incurrent study.
The Leniency of Personal Bankruptcy Regulations in the EU Countries

Discussions on personal bankruptcy regulations are usually focused on the controversial effects of leniency on society, economy, financial markets, entrepreneurship, and labour supply. However, the methodology of measuring leniency has been limited to one-time legislative changes or some elements of the US personal bankruptcy system. In contrast, we create a composite index of personal bankruptcy legislations. We calculate the composite index for 25 EU countries and the US as a benchmark, validate the results, and rank the countries according to the leniency of their personal bankruptcy systems. We analyse the index scores by region, law origin, and the age of the regime. We conclude that the systems show high heterogeneity and cannot be clustered by region or legal origin assumed based on former studies. However, there is a strong association between leniency and the age of legislation. Results indicate that personal bankruptcy policies in the EU are usually launched as creditor-friendly and are later shifted to a more lenient direction.
Evidentiality in East Caucasian on the map

Author(s): Verhees, Samira | Abstract: Languages spoken in contiguous areas tend to have similar systems of evidentiality marking. The Caucasus is part of a large area where systems centered on marking events as not witnessed by the speaker are widespread among genealogically unrelated languages. It is often suggested that Turkic languages could be the source of diffusion in this case, because evidentiality is an old and prominent feature of Turkic grammar. This paper explores the areal dimension of evidentiality in languages of the East Caucasian family, which are spoken on a relatively compact territory in the eastern Caucasus. It provides an overview of the most common types of marking and their geographical distribution among the East Caucasian languages and their Turkic neighbors. The spread of evidentiality as part of the tense system shows a peculiar pattern in the eastern Caucasus, which suggests that it could be a contact-induced feature. However, a number of factors prevent the reconstruction of a specific borrowing scenario. Based on the currently available data the Turkic contact hypothesis cannot be confirmed nor refuted. The paper proposes an alternative scenario for a mixed language-internal and contact-induced development that can possibly be verified with data from oral narratives.
Affecting Factors of Parturient Women’s Privacy Preservation in The Maternity Ward: A Qualitative Study

Objective: Different factors have an important role in the positive and negative childbirth experiences of the mothers. The parturient mother’s privacy preservation is one of the factors for increasing the mothers’ satisfaction consistent with natural childbirth. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the parturient mother’s privacy preservation. Materials and methods: Content analysis was used in this qualitative study that is based on the semi structured individual interviews with women who had experienced natural vaginal delivery, midwives, and the specialist in a maternity ward from 2018 to 2021 in Shahroud, Iran. The collected data were analyzed simultaneously with the sampling procedure using a five-step qualitative content analysis method. To ensure the robustness of the data, Lincoln and Guba's four criteria (credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability) were used. Results: The findings of the study with 40 participants resulted in the extraction of 28 codes, 9 subcategories, and 2 main categories entitled extra-and intra personal factors affecting the mother’s privacy. Conclusion: To foster the mother’s awareness of her rights and privacy during pregnancy and delivery, continuous education, monitoring, and evaluating both the students and the staff to respect preserving the mother’s privacy is necessary to develop an instrument to measure the preservation of the mother’s privacy in the maternity ward.
Joint replacement and production control for a queueing system with different failures

ABSTRACT We propose a new integrated queueing-inventory and reliability model. First, we obtained time-dependent performance measures by using the Laplace transform method. Then, we derived stationary performance measures by using alternative solution methods, including the probability generating function and matrix geometric method. Optimization procedures were developed for both make-to-order and make-to-stock cases. Performance evaluation of the derived time-dependent and stationary performance measures were reviewed first. Then we compared joint replacement and production-inventory control with separate optimization for respective production modes. Finally, the impact of deteriorated services under different demand rates and parameter settings was investigated. Prior studies are neglecting the mutual interaction between production and reliability. This study contributes to filling the gap. In our proposed numerical example, a cost reduction of more than one-third was achieved by joint optimization. The result shows that decision-maker should make his decisions in an integrated manner otherwise the price paid may be significant.
Immunocompromised patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in intensive care units, outcome and mortality

Background: The new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak severely hit Northeastern France from March to May 2020. The massive arrival of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients in the intensive care units (ICU) raised the question of how immunocompromised patients would be affected. Therefore, we analyzed the clinical, biological and radiological features of 24 immunocompromised ICU patients with severe SAR-CoV-2 infection. Results: The mortality rate was significantly higher for immunocompromised patients compared with other patients (41.7% versus 27.3%, respectively, p = 0.021). Mortality occurred in the first 2 weeks of intensive care, highlighting the possible interest in prolonged full-code managnement of these patients. Finally, patients with lymphoid malignancies appeared to be particularly affected, mostly with monoclonal gamma-pathology. Conclusion: Mortality rate of SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory syndrome in immuno-compromised patient is high. No treatment was associated with survival improvement. Prolonged full-code management is required for these patients.