Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis between Nanomembrane-Based Therapeutic Plasmapheresis and Other Plasmapheresis Methods and Their Potential Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic

During a plasmapheresis session, a centrifugation device or membrane-based replacement equipment removes a portion of blood plasma, and separates pathologic macro-molecules from the patient´s blood for therapeutic purposes. The removed substances include alloantibodies, autoantibodies, cytokines, toxins, monoclonal proteins, lipoproteins and other plasma components. The American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) reviews its clinical indications for various medical fields, such as hematology, oncology, neurology, rheumatology and nephrology. In addition, a relevant aspect about plasmapheresis is that it is an effective adjuvant treatment for acute liver failure, peripheral vascular disease, Guillain- Barre syndrome, sepsis, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP), which are all possible complications of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Different organizations around the world have made much progress in plasmapheresis´ biomedical engineering. One of such advances is the creation of more practical equipment and of a filter for nanomembrane-based therapeutic plasmapheresis. The nanopores of this multi-membrane filter allow for a more specific and less traumatic blood filtration. This process requires a single needle insertion and functions with an extracorporeal volume of only 70 mL, thus reducing risks and allowing its use even for pediatric patients. Other advantages include its relative lower cost, the short duration of treatment and the fact that donor plasma as a replacement fluid is optional, reducing in that way the risk of infection and allergic reactions. This comparative review will focus on these advantages and also on the aforementioned potential applications of nanomembrane-based therapeutic plasmapheresis for some of the complications of COVID-19.
A Karyosystematic Study of Frogs in the Genus Leptodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

Karyotypes are presented and analyzed for 19 species of frogs in the genus Leptodactylus. Chromosomal distinctiveness was found in the marmoratus species group and for three of the four sampled species in the melanonotus species group. The other three species groupings are not as easily defined using chromosomes. Intergeneric karyotypic similarities in the family Leptodactylidae suggest that a 26-chromosome compliment is the ancestral condition in the genus Leptodactylus. The ethological evolutionary trend in this genus has probably been from terrestrial to aquatic and not the reverse as was previously believed. The marmoratus group may be the ancestral group in this genus and provide important evolutionary insight related to the phylogeny of several leptodactylid genera.
DEFECT DETECTION IN PCB USING K-MEAN CLUSTERING AND NEUTROSCOPY

- Printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports various components and electrically connects these components using tracks. The main goal of our work is to Detect the no. of defects in the PCB image and area of defects . The location of electronic parts is fixed and inspection time reduced. These defects are divided into two categories potential and fatal defects.Defects in PCB are in the form like missing hole, breaking lines, wrong hole size etc. During manufacturing Some defects occur in the PCB tio find these defect ,we use two techniques.These techniques are:-
The nature of the diatom Leptocylindrus mediterraneus (Bacillariophyceae), host of the enigmatic symbiosis with the stramenopile Solenicola setigera

Abstract: The consortium between the colonial stramenopile Solenicola setigera and the centric chain-forming diatom Leptocylindrus mediterraneus is cosmopolitan throughout the world ocean yet rarely abundant. However, the nature of the association remains enigmatic. A mutualistic symbiosis requires a live diatom host, but the frustule of L. mediterraneus is apparently empty, lacking protoplasm and plastids. The parasitism requires free-living host cells to be infected, but there is no evidence of populations of the free-living diatom. During experiments attempting to culture the heterotrophic S. setigera, we successfully obtained a strain of the host diatom. In the small-subunit (SSU) rDNA phylogeny, L. mediterraneus was closely related to Dactyliosolen blavyanus and to a new sequence of Dactyliosolen sp. while distantly related to the genus Leptocylindrus. We proposed the reinstatement of L. mediterraneus in the genus Dactyliosolen as D. mediterraneus. Even under optimal growth conditions, the frustule was nearly empty with reduced protoplasm concentrated in the middle. When compared with congeneric species, D. mediterraneus showed a double-layered structure that acts as substrate for Solenicola. The free-living diatom lacked the convex walls that D. mediterraneus showed as host of Solenicola. The diatom in consortium with Solenicola maintained the photosynthetic machinery to eventually proliferate as a free-living organism. The ecological and morphological observations suggested that the diatom was successfully adapted to the mutualistic symbiosis with Solenicola. We discarded a parasitic relationship in this exceptional example of symbiosis.
Pending Constraints in Symbolic Execution for Better Exploration and Seeding

Symbolic execution is a well established technique for software testing and analysis. However, scalability continues to be a challenge, both in terms of constraint solving cost and path explosion. In this work, we present a novel approach for symbolic execution, which can enhance its scalability by aggressively prioritising execution paths that are already known to be feasible, and deferring all other paths. We evaluate our technique on nine applications, including SQLite3, make and tcpdump and show it can achieve higher coverage for both seeded and non-seeded exploration.
Rational suppression of sunflower rust: development and evaluation of an action threshold

The efficacy of one protectant (maneb) and six systemic fungicides in the suppression of sunflower rust caused by Puccinia helianthi was evaluated in one set of three field trials conducted during 1992. Cyproconazole, hexaconazole, and tebuconazole were highly effective in controlling rust, whereas maneb, fenbuconazole, difenoconazole, and promoconazole were only partially effective. In another set of three field trials during 1992, the injury threshold, i.e., the level of disease intensity at which fungicide should be applied to achieve adequate disease suppression, was found to be an average rust severity of 3%, on the upper four leaves. The relationship between the time at which disease reached the injury threshold and the resulting damage to yield was linear and negative. When the injury threshold was reached at or later than 27 days after flowering, the resulting damage was insignificant. Consequently, the action threshold for management of sunflower rust was defined as the occurrence of disease severity of 3% prior to the 27th day after flowering. The developed action threshold was examined in two field trials during 1993 in which spraying was or was not carried out in accordance with the developed action threshold. Predictions of outcome, based on the developed action threshold, were accurate in all cases
SOIL PROPERTIES AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF WATERMELON GROWN IN DIFFERENT TILLAGE AND COVER CROPS IN THE SOUTH EASTERN OF BRAZIL

SUMMARY Much of the watermelon (Citullus lanatus) cultivation in Brazil is conducted in sandy soil and topographic conditions that favour the erosion process. Therefore, conservation tillage methods are critical for the sustainability of the production chain of this vegetable crop. We studied different tillage methods and cover crops in watermelon cultivation in the area of the reform of degraded pasture. For this purpose, two tillage methods were established as experimental treatments: minimum tillage preparation with subsoiling only, and no tillage. As cover crops white lupine (Lupinus albus) and bristle oat (Avena strigosa) were seeded. As control, watermelon was cultivated with conventional tillage, without prior cultivation of cover crops. For the experimental design, randomised blocks in a factorial arrangement with four replications were used. After liming and phosphate fertilisation of the soil, cover crops were cultivated in soil with minimum tillage and no tillage to produce straw to be used for soil cover, where subsequently the watermelon was grown. The productivity of dry mass and nutrient accumulation in the shoot of cover crops, the soil properties and the watermelon agronomic performance were evaluated. White lupine had better performance in the production of dry mass and nutrient accumulation in shoot than bristle oat. There were differences among treatments for soil penetration resistance, where in conventional tillage the values were lower in the first 30 cm of depth in relation to no-tillage cultivation. The tillage method also affected the fertility of the soil at a depth of 0 to 20 cm. The no tillage provided increased nitrogen leaf content in watermelon regardless of cover crops but restricted root growth in relation to minimum tillage and conventional tillage. Watermelon had similar commercial production by different treatments, with reduction only in no tillage on bristle oat straw.
General Method of Solid Angle Calculation Using Attitude Kinematics

A general method to compute solid angle is developed that is based on Ishlinskii’s theorem, which specifies the relationship between the attitude transformation of an axis that completely slews about a conical region and the solid angle of the enclosed region. After an axis slews about a conical region and returns to its initial orientation, it will have rotated by an angle precisely equal to the enclosed solid angle. The rotation is the magnitude of the Euler rotation vector of the attitude transformation produced by the slewing motion. Therefore, the solid angle can be computed by first computing the attitude transformation of an axis that slews about the solid angle region and then computing the solid angle from the attitude transformation. This general method to compute the solid angle involves approximating the solid angle region’s perimeter as seen from the source, with a discrete set of points on the unit sphere, which join a set of great circle arcs that approximate the perimeter of the region. Pivot Parameter methodology uses the defining set of points to compute the attitude transformation of the axis due to its slewing motion about the enclosed solid angle region. The solid angle is the magnitude of the resulting Euler rotation vector representing the transformation. The method was demonstrated by comparing results to published results involving the solid angles of a circular disk radiation detector with respect to point, line and disk shaped radiation sources. The proposed general method can be applied to any detector-source geometric configuration.
Flexible Visual Summaries of High-Dimensional Data using Hierarchical Aggregated Data-Subsets

The number of installed sensors to acquire data, for example electricity meters in smart grids, is increasing rapidly. This huge amount of collected data needs to be analyzed and monitored by transmission system operators. This task is supported by visual analytics techniques, but traditional multi-dimensional data visualization techniques do not scale very well for high-dimensional data. The main contribution of this paper is a framework to efﬁciently in-spect and compare such high-dimensional data. The key idea is to partition the data by the semantics of the underlying data dimensions into groups. Domain experts are familiar with the meta-information of the data and are able to structure these groups into a hierarchy. The proposed system visualizes the subsets of the data by appropriate means. These visual summaries can then be used to support the explorative overview tasks of the user.
Not Non-traditional, the New Normal: Adult Learners and the Role of Student Affairs in Supporting Older College Students

The higher education student population is consistently shifting. The financially dependent, 18-year-old high school graduate who enrolls full-time is not the “typical college student. ” College has increasingly become the pursuit of older students seeking or returning to secure postsecondary credentials and degrees. The author argues that the growing adult student population must be better recognized and prioritized in student affairs to increase access, outcomes, and effectiveness for adult learners. Accordingly, the author highlights the unique and complex profiles of adult learners while also putting forth new directions for improving conditions for adult learners through student affairs practice. In particular, this text addresses the role of institutional research and nondeficit language and practices in student affairs to cultivate supportive and thriving educational spaces for adult learners. Ultimately, this text highlights how radical shifts and changes to our postsecondary education landscape require new and inclusive ways of practice and improving student conditions.
A Survey on Hybrid Framework for Sentiment Analysis using Genetic Algorithm based Feature Reduction

: Sentiment analysis has become an important opinion mining technique due to the rapid development of Internet technologies and social media. Recent analysis work has represented the effectiveness of different sentiment classification techniques starting from easy rule-based and lexicon-based approaches to a lot of complicated machine learning algorithms. Whereas lexicon-based approaches have suffered from the lack of dictionaries and labeled knowledge, machine learning approaches have fallen short in terms of accuracy. To resolve the quantify ability issue that arises because the feature-set grows, a completely unique genetic rule (GA)-based feature reduction technique is projected. By using this hybrid approach, we have a tendency to are ready to scale back the feature-set size by up to forty-two while not compromising the accuracy. In future, the prediction of the applicability of our proposed work in various areas including security and surveillance, law-and-order, and public administration.
Differential Influences of Teleconnections from the Indian and Pacific Oceans on Rainfall Variability in Southeast Asia

This study investigates the individual and combined impacts of El Nino and the positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on the Southeast Asia (SEA) rainfall variability. Using composite and partial correlation techniques, it is shown that both inter-annual events have individually distinct impacts on the SEA rainfall anomaly distribution. The results showed that the impacts of the co-occurrence of El Nino and IOD events are significant compared to the individual effects of pure El Nino or pure IOD. During June-July-August and September-October-November, the individual impacts of the pure El Nino and IOD events are similar but less significant. Both events caused negative impacts over the southern part of SEA during June-July-August (JJA) and propagated northeastward/eastward during September-October-November (SON). Thus, there are significant negative impacts over the southern part of SEA during the co-occurrence of both events. The differential impacts on the anomalous rainfall patterns are due to the changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) surrounding the region. Additionally, the differences are also related to the anomalous regional atmospheric circulations that interact with the regional SST. The anomalous Walker circulation that connects the Indian Ocean and tropical Pacific Ocean also plays a significant role in determining the regional anomalous rainfall patterns.
The Effect of Picloram on Somatic Embryogenesis of Different Explants of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.).

The present investigation was conducted to study the effects of different concentrations of picloram on somatic embryogenesis induction, development and maturation of three strawberry (Kurdistan, Paros and Camarosa) cultivars. For this purpose, leaf blade, nodal, petiole, stamen and flower bud calli were cultured on MS medium supplemented with picloram at 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L concentrations. The concentration of growth regulator, cultivar and explant type were fo und critical to somatic embryogenesis induction, development and maturation. Results obtained from the studies revealed that all explants with the exception of petiole and stamen incubated on medium formed embryonic calli. 2 mg/L picloram yielded the highe st percentage of embryonic calli and number of globular stage embryos and 1 mg/L picloram yielded the highest number of cotyledonary -stage embryos in all types of explants. The leaf explant calli and Paros cultivar were the most responsive to produce somatic embryogenesis induction, development and maturation.
Flood vulnerability and risk assessment of urban traditional buildings in a heritage district of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Abstract. Flood hazard is increasing in frequency and magnitude in major South East Asian metropolitan areas due to fast urban development and changes in climate, threatening people's property and life. Typically, flood management actions are mostly focused on large-scale defences, such as river embankments or discharge channels or tunnels. However, these are difficult to implement in town centres without affecting the value of their heritage districts and might not provide sufficient mitigation. Therefore, urban heritage buildings may become vulnerable to flood events, even when they were originally designed and built with intrinsic resilient measures, based on the local knowledge of the natural environment and its threats at the time. Their aesthetic and cultural and economic values mean that they can represent a proportionally high contribution to losses in any event. Hence it is worth investigating more localized, tailored mitigation measures. Vulnerability assessment studies are essential to inform the feasibility and development of such strategies. In this study we propose a multilevel methodology to assess the flood vulnerability and risk of residential buildings in an area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, characterized by traditional timber housing. The multiscale flood vulnerability model is based on a wide range of parameters, covering building-specific parameters, neighbourhood conditions and catchment area conditions. The obtained vulnerability index shows the ability to reflect different exposure by different building types and their relative locations. The vulnerability model is combined with high-resolution fluvial and pluvial flood maps providing scenario events with 0.1 % annual exceedance probability (AEP). A damage function of generic applicability is developed to compute the economic losses at individual building and sample levels. The study provides evidence that results obtained for a small district can be scaled up to the city level, to inform both generic and specific protection strategies.
Innovation Process in Public Research Institute: Case Studies of AIST, Fraunhofer, and ITRI

The design of national innovation systems has attracted attention from scholars and policymakers. Firms, universities, and government organisations (including public research institutes) are defined as the three major players, and interactions between the players are considered the key to a successful national innovation system. However, public research institutes are relatively understudied compared to firms and universities, even though their contribution to national innovation is not trivial. This paper aims to understand the detailed processes and reveals practical information regarding the innovation process in public research institutes. Focusing on the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer) in Germany, and the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) in Taiwan, this paper analyses and compares innovation processes of public research institutes with their patent data. Based on findings, this study further discusses issues for better management of public research institutes.
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS TO ASSESS SEISMIC MITIGATION OPTIONS, CASE STUDY: PUBLIC MEXICAN SCHOOLS BUILDINGS

This paper presents a methodology to perform a cost-benefit analysis to assess possible options such as retrofitting or reconstruction of structures focused on mitigation of direct physical losses due to seismic actions. The case of all public school buildings located in Mexico City is presented as an illustrative example, using as decision variable the expected annual loss (EAL) and probable maximum loss (PML). The proposed methodology is comprised of the following steps: 1) Gathering of design information of typical school buildings designed according to different past seismic codes of the region. 2) Proposal of seismic mitigation actions such as retrofitting or stiffening of the structural system in order to comply with the current Mexico City seismic design code (RCDF-2004). 3) Calculation of vulnerability functions by carrying out nonlinear Incremental Dynamic Analyses (IDA) for the original designed structural systems and those modified according to the performed mitigation actions. 4) Probabilistic seismic risk analysis taking into account all locations of public school buildings in Mexico City. 5) Cost-benefit analysis assuming two different cases: a) retrofitting and/or stiffening the structural system and b) demolish and reconstruct a completely new school building. This analysis is carried out at two different levels: 1) definition of vulnerability functions of structures considering the two mitigation actions and comparison between them, and b) combination of the different mitigation alternatives in order to determine, the number and location of schools that required mitigation actions assuming that economical resources is limited, by means of the estimated EAL and PML. It is shown the utility of carrying out a cost-benefit analysis by computing in a formal way the seismic risk to formulate and define mitigation strategies that allow decision-maker prioritize the use of the economic resources. The benefit of this approach is that the obtained results will be presented in a way that may be easier to communicate to decision-makers even if they are not familiar with formal risk studies.
Relationship between somatic cell counts and subclinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows

Background and Aim: Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is one of the most prevalent diseases of dairy cows, and somatic cell count (SCC) is widely used to determine SCM and milk quality. However, setting the threshold of SCC is very important. This study aimed to determine the cow-level threshold of SCC to differentiate milk of SCM affected cows from normal milk in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: Sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) along with other characteristics of different thresholds of SCC were determined considering the bacterial culture as the gold standard test. Three definitions of intramammary infection (IMI) were set based on the group of pathogens involved. Five categories of SCC thresholds were considered for analysis. Results: Se and Sp of thresholds of SCC greatly varied as definitions of IMI changed. Irrespective of SCC thresholds, Se increased when isolation of major pathogens included in IMI definitions. Se decreased when SCC thresholds increased (from 100 to 300 × 103 cells/mL) for all IMI definitions and ranged from 60.6% to 20.3%. The highest Se was found at low SCC threshold (100 × 103 cells/mL), which resulted in less false-negative outcome. On the other hand, Sp increased with the increment of SCC thresholds giving rise to a less false-positive outcome. Conclusion: The cow-level SCC threshold of 100 × 103 cells/mL was found appropriate to identify subclinical IMI of dairy cows.