Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Physical Exercise and Diet Modification on Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Long Term Glycemic Control Type 2 Diabetics

Objective: Exercise has been considered a cornerstone of diabetes management, along with diet and medication. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of yogic exercise along with diet management on glycemic control and lipid peroxidation. Methods: The patients were clinically diagnosed Type 2 patients, controlling their glycemic from more than five years. Patients have been divided into two groups, Group-II, who controlled their glycemia by exercise and dietand Group-III, who controlled their glycemia by antidiabetic therapy (either oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) or by insulin), and the Healthy control group is categorized as Group-I.The blood samples were analyzed for the estimation of blood sugars, HbA1c and EMDA (Erythrocyte Malondialdehyde) for lipid peroxidation. Results: The levels of Fasting blood Sugar (FBS), Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Erythrocyte malondialdehyde (EMDA) was good controlled in Group-II patients as compared to Group III. So we have concluded that exercise and diet control have a beneficial effect on the metabolic control of diabetes management. HbA1c was significantly lower in group-II. These results would provide support for encouraging type 2 diabetic individuals who are already exercising at moderate intensity to consider increasing the intensity of their exercise to obtain additional benefits in both aerobic fitness and glycemic control. Conclusion: Our study concluded that exercise and diet control have a beneficial effect on the metabolic control of diabetes management.
NUCLEON-2 mission for the investigation of heavy cosmic rays' nuclei

The NUCLEON-2 experiment is aimed at the investigation of isotope and charge composition of ions from carbon up to trans-uranium elements in the energy range over about a hundred MeV/N. The concept design of the NUCLEON-2 satellite cosmic ray experiment is presented. The performed simulation and preliminary prototype beam test confirms the isotope resolution algorithms and techniques.
In vitro and In vivo Biological Activities of Nardostachys Jatamansi Roots

Since age old, plants have been the source of medicines for the treatment of various diseases. Regardless of the availability of a wealth of synthetic drugs, plants remain–even in the 21st century–an integral part of the health care in different countries, especially the developing ones. Efforts are being made to develop safe and cost effective anticancer agents from natural sources. As the age of modern medicine, single pure drugs emerged, and plant-derived active principles, their semisynthetic and synthetic analogs have served as a major route to new pharmaceu ticals. Since 1961, plant-derived compounds have been approved for use as anticancer drugs: vinblastine (Velban®), vincristine (Oncovin®), eto poside (VP-16®), taxol (Paclitaxel®), etc [1].
A Game of Surface Codes: Large-Scale Quantum Computing with Lattice Surgery

Given a quantum gate circuit, how does one execute it in a fault-tolerant architecture with as little overhead as possible? In this paper, we discuss strategies for surface-code quantum computing on small, intermediate and large scales. They are strategies for space-time trade-offs, going from slow computations using few qubits to fast computations using many qubits. Our schemes are based on surface-code patches, which not only feature a low space cost compared to other surface-code schemes, but are also conceptually simple~--~simple enough that they can be described as a tile-based game with a small set of rules. Therefore, no knowledge of quantum error correction is necessary to understand the schemes in this paper, but only the concepts of qubits and measurements.
Statistical Physics of Inference and Bayesian Estimation

1 Bayesian Inference and Estimators 3 1.1 The Bayes formula . 3 1.2 Probabilty reminder . 5 1.2. 1 A bit of probabilities . 5 1.2. 2 Probability distribution . 5 1.2. 3 A bit of random variables . 5 1.3 Estimators . 5 1.4 A toy example in denoising . 7 1.4. 1 Phase transition in an easy example . 7 1.4. 2 The connection with Random Energy Model . 8
Mapping the World's Intact Forest Landscapes by Remote Sensing

Protection of large natural forest landscapes is a highly important task to help fulfill different international strategic initiatives to protect forest biodiversity, to reduce carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and to stimulate sustainable forest management practices. This paper introduces a new approach for mapping large intact forest landscapes (IFL), defined as an unbroken expanse of natural ecosystems within areas of current forest extent, without signs of significant human activity, and having an area of at least 500 km 2. We have created a global IFL map using existing fine-scale maps and a global coverage of high spatial resolution satellite imagery. We estimate the global area of IFL within the current extent of forest ecosystems (forest zone) to be 13.1 million km 2 or 23.5% of the forest zone. The vast majority of IFL are found in two biomes: Dense Tropical and Subtropical Forests (45.3%) and Boreal Forests (43.8%). The lowest proportion of IFL is found in Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests. The IFL exist in 66 of the 149 countries that together make up the forest zone. Three of them—Canada, Russia, and Brazil—contain 63.8% of the total IFL area. Of the world's IFL area, 18.9% has some form of protection, but only 9.7% is strictly protected, i.e., belongs to IUCN protected areas categories I-III. The world IFL map presented here is intended to underpin the development of a general strategy for nature conservation at the global and regional scales. It also defines a baseline for monitoring deforestation and forest degradation that is well suited for use with operational and cost-effective satellite data. All project results and IFL maps are available on a dedicated web site (http://www.intactforests.org).
Metal-Frame GPS Antenna for Smartwatch Applications

The integration of a loop antenna into the top metal frame of a smartwatch wearable device is introduced. The loop antenna was made of a 1-mm thick, rectangular metal frame, which was stacked 1.5 mm above the lower metal frame of the watch having a size of 7mm × 35 mm × 40 mm. The system circuit board was encircled by the lower, rectangular metal frame with a 1 mm gap between the perimeter of the ground plane and the metal frame. The top metal frame was fed in a corner on the frame’s longer edge with two shorting portions short-circuited to the system ground. By carefully positioning the two shorting for the top metal frame, the proposed loop antenna can provide the global positioning system (GPS) operation at 1575 MHz for smartwatch applications.
S R ] 1 8 O ct 2 01 8 Dispersive shock waves in partially ionised plasmas

Compressional waves propagating in the partially ionised solar lower atmospheric plasmas can easily steepen into nonlinear waves, including shocks. Here we investigate the effect of weak dispersion generated by Hall currents perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field on the characteristics of shock waves. Our study will also focus on the interplay between weak dispersion and partial ionisation of the plasma. Using a multiple scale technique we derive the governing equation in the form of a Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation. The effect of weak dispersion on shock waves is obtained using a perturbation technique. The secular behaviour of second order terms is addressed with the help of a renormalisation technique. Our results show that dispersion modifies the characteristics of shock waves and this change is dependent also on the ionisation degree of the plasma. Dispersion can create short lived oscillations in the shocked plasma. The shock fronts become wider with the increase in the number of neutrals in the plasma. ∗Corresponding author Email addresses: i.ballai@sheffield.ac. uk (I. Ballai), e.forgacs-dajka@astro.elte. hu (E. Forgács-Dajka), ucramidnas@gmail.com (A. Marcu) Preprint submitted to Advances in Space Research October 19, 2018
ASSESSING THE UTILITY OF UAV-BORNE HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY DERIVED 3D DATA FOR WETLAND SPECIES DISTRIBUTION QUICK MAPPING

Abstract. Lightweight unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) loaded with novel sensors offers a low cost and minimum risk solution for data acquisition in complex environment. This study assessed the performance of UAV-based hyperspectral image and digital surface model (DSM) derived from photogrammetric point clouds for 13 species classification in wetland area of Hong Kong. Multiple feature reduction methods and different classifiers were compared. The best result was obtained when transformed components from minimum noise fraction (MNF) and DSM were combined in support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Wavelength regions at chlorophyll absorption green peak, red, red edge and Oxygen absorption at near infrared were identified for better species discrimination. In addition, input of DSM data reduces overestimation of low plant species and misclassification due to the shadow effect and inter-species morphological variation. This study establishes a framework for quick survey and update on wetland environment using UAV system. The findings indicate that the utility of UAV-borne hyperspectral and derived tree height information provides a solid foundation for further researches such as biological invasion monitoring and bio-parameters modelling in wetland.
Phenolic composition and biological activities of brown alga Dictyopteris polypodioides

This paper provides an overview of work that suggests that Dictyopteris polypodioides were used to extract their bioactive compounds by alcoholic method and total phenolic, flavonoid and condensed tannins contents of the extracts were investigated. The results showed that the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts are endowed the best antibacterial effect against Staphylococus aureus and Aspergilus niger. Moreover, the methanol extract presented the strongest inhibitory potential against alpha-amylase (86.36%) with low levels of inhibition lipase activity. Meanwhile, this extract was found to have the highest phenolic content. Our study also showed that there were positive relationship among total phenolic contents and biological activities. It was noticed that the extents of antibacterial, antidiabetic and antiobesity activities of Dictyopteris polypodioides extracts are in accordance with their phenolic compounds.
A 90GHz Bolometer Camera Detector System for the Green

We describe a close-packed, two-dimensional imaging detector system for operation at 90GHz (3.3mm) for the 100m Green Bank Telescope (GBT). This system will provide high sensitivity (-500uJy in 1s) rapid imaging (15'x15' to 250p in 1 hr) at the world's largest steerable aperture. The heart of this camera is an 8x8 close-packed, Nyquist-sampled array of superconducting transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers. We have designed and are producing a functional superconducting bolometer array system using a monolithic planar architecture and highspeed multiplexed readout electronics. With an NEP of —2-10 -17 WRiliz, the TES bolometers will provide fast, linear, sensitive response for high performance imaging. The detectors are read out by an 8x8 time domain SQUID multiplexer. A digital/analog electronics system has been designed to enable read out by SQUID multiplexers. First light for this instrument on the GBT is expected within a year.
Title Recognition of viruses in the cytoplasm by RLRs and other helicases--how conformational changes, mitochondrial dynamics and ubiquitination control innate immune responses

Mammalian cells possess multiple sensors for recognition of broad range of microbes. This recognition occurs through specific molecular signatures found across various pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are the major cellular PRRs responsible for this recognition. TLRs are transmembrane sensors, whereas other PRRs mainly localize in the cytoplasm for the activation of type I IFNs and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Among these PRRs, RLRs are well known for its indispensable role in sensing the invasion of RNA viruses. This review summarizes recent advances in viral recognition by RLRs and their signalling pathways, and introduces newly emerging RNA helicases involved in innate immune responses.
Strategies to Control a Common Carp Population by Pulsed Commercial Harvest

Abstract Commercial fisheries are commonly used to manage nuisance fishes in freshwater systems, but such efforts are often unsuccessful. Strategies for successfully controlling a nuisance population of common carp Cyprinus carpio by pulsed commercial harvest were evaluated with a combination of (1) field sampling, (2) population estimation and CPUE indexing, and (3) simulation using an exponential semidiscrete biomass dynamics model (SDBDM). The range of annual fishing mortalities (F) that resulted in successful control (F = 0.244–0.265) was narrow. Common carp biomass dynamics were sensitive to unintentional underharvest due to high rates of surplus production and a biomass doubling time of 2.7 years. Simulations indicated that biomanipulation never achieved successful control unless supplemental fishing mortality was imposed. Harvest of a majority of annual production was required to achieve successful control, as indicated by the ecotrophic coefficient (EC). Readily available biomass data and tools su.
SEARCHES FOR ANISOTROPIES IN THE ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS OF THE HIGHEST ENERGY COSMIC RAYS DETECTED BY THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY

We analyze the distribution of arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory in 10 years of operation. The data set, about three times larger than that used in earlier studies, includes arrival directions with zenith angles up to 80°, thus covering from − 90 ° ? > to + 45 ° ? > in declination. After updating the fraction of events correlating with the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the Véron-Cetty and Véron catalog, we subject the arrival directions of the data with energies in excess of 40 EeV to different tests for anisotropy. We search for localized excess fluxes, self-clustering of event directions at angular scales up to 30°, and different threshold energies between 40 and 80 EeV. We then look for correlations of cosmic rays with celestial structures both in the Galaxy (the Galactic Center and Galactic Plane) and in the local universe (the Super-Galactic Plane). We also examine their correlation with different populations of nearby extragalactic objects: galaxies in the 2MRS catalog, AGNs detected by Swift-BAT, radio galaxies with jets, and the Centaurus A (Cen A) galaxy. None of the tests show statistically significant evidence of anisotropy. The strongest departures from isotropy (post-trial probability ∼ 1.4 ? > %) are obtained for cosmic rays with E > 58 ? > EeV in rather large windows around Swift AGNs closer than 130 Mpc and brighter than 1044 erg s−1 (18° radius), and around the direction of Cen A (15° radius).
Life-course, ageing and generations in Norway:the NorLAG study

At the turn of this century, Norway was one of few Western countries without a large-scale longitudinal study on ageing and the life-course. Norwegian ageing studies were in general small and cross-sectional. The empirical foundation provided by large-scale longitudinal studies like those found in countries such as Sweden (SWEOLD, SNACK), Germany (DEAS, BASE), United States (HRS), and the Netherlands (LASA) was lacking. As such, there was limited knowledge on ageing and age-related changes in Norwegian welfare politics. In 2001, Norwegian Social Research (NOVA) therefore launched the Norwegian Life Course, Ageing and Generation Study (NorLAG), with financial backing from the Research Council of Norway, the Ministry of Social Affairs, and NOVA. The NorLAG study is a multidisciplinary endeavour, primarily located in the intersection between sociology and psychology, but including themes, models, and research instruments from social medicine, clinical psychology, demography, political science and anthropology. It is designed as a longitudinal study for five waves of data collections. So far, two waves have been conducted. The first one was carried out in 2002-03. In the second wave (2007-08), NorLAG was merged with the United Nations-initiated Generations and Gender Survey (GGS). The data collection was therefore labelled LOGG: Life-course, Generation and Gender. Whereas the first wave of NorLAG includes persons 40 years and older, LOGG also includes persons 18 to 39 years. Both the NorLAG and LOGG datasets are now part of ACCESS Life Course, a Research Infrastructure Project that is financed by the National Financing Initiative for Research Infrastructure at the Research Council of Norway (1). This way, data are made easily accessible to the whole research community. The present paper provides an overview of the NorLAG study, including descriptions of the study’s objectives and key research areas, details about the two data collections, and information about how to get hold of the data. In line with the theme of this special issue of the Norwegian Journal of Epidemiology, our main focus will be on the NorLAG study, including persons 40 years and older.
Numerical evaluation of ultrasonic pulse-echo subwavelength defect detection

The ultrasonic pulse-echo Backscattered Amplitude Integral (BAI)-mode imaging technique [UFFC Trans, 45:30, 1998] has been developed to detect small channel defects in flexible food package seals. This technique detects 38-/spl mu/m-diameter channels reliably and 6-/spl mu/m-diameter channels occasionally using a 17.3-MHz focused transducer in water (20/spl deg/C, /spl lambda/ /spl ap/ 86 /spl mu/m, total sample thickness 22 /spl mu/m). However, interaction between ultrasound and sample microstructure - the underlying detection mechanism is poorly understood. Experimental evidence showed at the subwavelength channel was fused inside the two binding trilaminate plastic package films. Each trilaminate film a three sublayers. Package sample impedance profiles along the ultrasound beam axis were examined. Although identical in nominal impedance properties before sealing, the two binding films showed an asymmetric impedance profile after sealing. A generalized impedance profile model was proposed. The defect detection behavior of the echo signal was investigated by solving the 2D linear acoustic wave equations in fluid with finite-difference time-domain method and the perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary. The normalized correlation coefficients between the simulated and the measured RF echo waveforms were greater than 95% for this generalized model.
Interactions and mechanisms of respiratory tract biofilms involving Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

The pathology associated with human respiratory tract bacterial agents that exist as opportunistic commensals in the nasopharynx cause infections. This is particularly true for the middle ear disease otitis media (OM) and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) are a commonly recurrent combination and the formation of bacterial biofilms by these pathogens in the bronchial airway or middle ear contributes significantly to the chronic nature of these diseases. While S. pneumoniae and NTHi have been extensively studied in mono-culture, our knowledge about how they exist together, either in their free-living (planktonic) form or as a biofilm, or indeed the implication of co-infection is still limited. Several key elements are believed to contribute or are induced: (1) a set of sugar metabolic pathways; (2) surface structures in S. pneumoniae and NTHi when they are able to co-exist equally; (3) epithelial cell contact that dramatically increases the rate of biofilm formation; (4) chemical modifications of NTHi surface structures involved in host cell interactions; and (5) transcription factors that regulate particular surface molecules and the switch to a biofilm state. There appears to be multiple mechanisms involved and that these are active under specific conditions.
One stake one vote ∗

The weighted majority rule, which is widely applied — much more than the simple majority rule — has good properties when the weights reflect the stakes of the voters in the decision. These properties can be contrasted with classical problems of democratic theory which are associated with the “one person, one vote” principle and the simple majority rule: tyranny of the majority, intensity problem, and many voting paradoxes. These observations suggest that the egalitarian “one person, one vote” principle should be replaced in democratic theory by a more fundamental proportionality principle. A new measure of sensitivity of a voting rule to the population’s preferences is proposed, which is useful in determining the optimal voting weights of representatives.
Crystal chemistry of three tourmalines by SREF, EMPA, and SIMS

Abstract The crystal structures of three tourmaline crystals: (Na0.49 K0.01 Ca0.48) (Mg1.35 Fe2+0.94 Fe3+0.49 Ti0.20) (Al4.58 Fe3+0.62 Mg0.80) (Si5.99 Al0.01) O18 (BO3)3.03 (OH)3.18 F0.18 O0.64, a = 16.017(2), c = 7.256(2) Å, V = 1612.2(4) Å3, R3m, Z = 3; (Na0.64 K0.01 Ca0.03) (Mn0.18 Fe2+1.71 Al0.88 Li0.11 Zn0.03 Ti0.07) (Al5.67 Fe3+0.28 Mg0.05) (Si5.76 Al0.24) O18 (BO3)2.99 (OH)3.96 F0.17, a = 15.983(2), c = 7.152(2) Å, V = 1582.1(4) Å3; (Na0.81 K0.01 Ca0.01) (Mn0.02 Mg0.61 Fe2+0.90 Al0.80 Li0.70 Zn0.01 Ti0.06) Al6.00 (Si5.97 Al0.03) O18 (BO3)2.93 (OH)3.42 F0.55 O0.03, a = 15.921(3), c = 7.137(2) Å, V = 1566.7(6) Å3, have been refined to R-indices of 1.3- 2.2% using X-ray intensity data collected with a four-circle diffractometer using MoKα X-radiation. The crystals were analyzed by electron- and ion-microprobe techniques for all major and minor elements in the crystals. Unit formulae were calculated on the basis of 31 anions (O, OH, F) and the Fe3+/(Fe2+ + Fe3+) ratio was calculated for electroneutrality. The refined site-scattering values and the observed and distances were used to assign site populations that are in accord with the unit formulae calculated from the electron- and ion-microprobe compositions. The B contents are equal to 3.0 apfu (atoms per formula unit) within experimental error. In two of the crystals, (OH + F) = 4.0 apfu. However, the third crystal has (OH + F) = 3.36 apfu and O2- is dominant at the W(O1) site, and is an “oxy” tourmaline as defined by Hawthorne and Henry (1999). Non-spherical electron-density was observed at the X site, suggesting that there is some positional disorder at this site associated with occupancy of X by Ca and Na, possibly coupled with variable anion occupancy of the O1 site.