Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ischemic Brain Injury Leads to Brain Edema via Hyperthermia-Induced TRPV4 Activation

Brain edema is characterized by an increase in net brain water content, which results in an increase in brain volume. Although brain edema is associated with a high fatality rate, the cellular and molecular processes of edema remain largely unclear. Here, we developed an in vitro model of ischemic stroke-induced edema in which male mouse brain slices were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic ischemia. We continuously measured the cross-sectional area of the brain slice for 150 min under macroscopic microscopy, finding that OGD induces swelling of brain slices. OGD-induced swelling was prevented by pharmacologically blocking or genetically knocking out the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a member of the thermosensitive TRP channel family. Because TRPV4 is activated at around body temperature and its activation is enhanced by heating, we next elevated the temperature of the perfusate in the recording chamber, finding that hyperthermia induces swelling via TRPV4 activation. Furthermore, using the temperature-dependent fluorescence lifetime of a fluorescent-thermosensitive probe, we confirmed that OGD treatment increases the temperature of brain slices through the activation of glutamate receptors. Finally, we found that brain edema following traumatic brain injury was suppressed in TRPV4-deficient male mice in vivo. Thus, our study proposes a novel mechanism: hyperthermia activates TRPV4 and induces brain edema after ischemia. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Brain edema is characterized by an increase in net brain water content, which results in an increase in brain volume. Although brain edema is associated with a high fatality rate, the cellular and molecular processes of edema remain unclear. Here, we developed an in vitro model of ischemic stroke-induced edema in which mouse brain slices were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation. Using this system, we showed that the increase in brain temperature and the following activation of the thermosensitive cation channel TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) are involved in the pathology of edema. Finally, we confirmed that TRPV4 is involved in brain edema in vivo using TRPV4-deficient mice, concluding that hyperthermia activates TRPV4 and induces brain edema after ischemia.
JointFlow: Temporal Flow Fields for Multi Person Pose Estimation

In this work we propose an online multi person pose tracking approach which works on two consecutive frames $I_{t-1}$ and $I_t$. The general formulation of our temporal network allows to rely on any multi person pose estimation approach as spatial network. From the spatial network we extract image features and pose features for both frames. These features serve as input for our temporal model that predicts Temporal Flow Fields (TFF). These TFF are vector fields which indicate the direction in which each body joint is going to move from frame $I_{t-1}$ to frame $I_t$. This novel representation allows to formulate a similarity measure of detected joints. These similarities are used as binary potentials in a bipartite graph optimization problem in order to perform tracking of multiple poses. We show that these TFF can be learned by a relative small CNN network whilst achieving state-of-the-art multi person pose tracking results.
A NFV system to support configurable and automated multi-UAV service deployments

In this paper, we explore the strong potential of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technologies to enable multi-mission small unmanned aircraft systems. In this context, we analyze the main challenges of using NFV technologies in this emergent field, and we present the design of an NFV system that supports the flexible, automated and cost-effective deployment of network services over small unmanned aerial vehicles. To validate our design, we implemented its most relevant components with open-source technologies, using this first prototype of the system to carry out a set of preliminary experiments that showcase its feasibility and functionality.
UWB at SemEval-2018 Task 3: Irony detection in English tweets

This paper describes our system created for the SemEval-2018 Task 3: Irony detection in English tweets. Our strongly constrained system uses only the provided training data without any additional external resources. Our system is based on Maximum Entropy classifier and various features using parse tree, POS tags, and morphological features. Even without additional lexicons and word embeddings we achieved fourth place in Subtask A and seventh in Subtask B in terms of accuracy.
Drowsy Register Files for Reducing GPU Leakage Energy

General-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) usually employ a huge register file (RF) to support massive multithreading, which however, is also responsible for a large fraction of GPGPU’s total power. In this paper, we propose three RF drowsy policies and evaluate their effectiveness on leakage energy reduction. In the first drowsy policy called immediate sleep (Drowsy-IS), registers keep staying in the drowsy mode unless they are accessed, which are then put into the drowsy mode again immediately to minimize the leakage energy consumption. The second policy named temporary awake (Drowsy-TA) holds the registers in the normal (i.e. active) mode for a certain period after being accessed to wait for the next access. The registers are placed into the drowsy mode until that period expires without any access activity. Finally, we propose an adaptive policy named Drowsy-RI which identifies the re-access interval for each register at run-time and lets registers wait for the predicted intervals before putting them into the drowsy mode. The experimental results show that compared to the baseline RF, Drowsy-IS achieves 91.7% RF leakage energy reduction on average at the cost of 4.4% performance degradation. Drowsy-TA leads to negligible performance overhead, and 82.8% leakage energy reduction. By balancing the energy saving and the performance overhead, Drowsy-RI saves more RF leakage energy (87.3%) than Drowsy-TA and achieves less performance degradation (2.7%) than Drowsy-IS.
Development of a vital signs monitoring wireless ear probe

The need exists for a mobile and unobtrusive way to continuously monitor vital signs in everyday life. The external ear was investigated as a novel location for a wearable device that monitors core temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) A proof of concept, called the Ear Monitor, was designed and built to test the feasibility of such a device. A trial was conducted on a group of 16 participants. Measurements were compared to benchmark measurements recorded by commercially available devices. The following results were obtained: Core temperature was measured with a mean error of 0.018 ± 0.516 °C. Heart rate was measured with a mean error of 0.031 ± 0.717 beats per minute. Respiratory rate was measured with a mean error of −0.558 ± 1.406 breaths per minute. Finally, SpO2 was measured with a mean error of −0.22 ± 1.50%. All measurements showed statistically significant correlation with their respective benchmark measurements (p < 0.05), except for SpO2. The latter is due to the absence of measurable SpO2 variations in healthy individuals during the trial. It is concluded that the external ear is a suitable location for measuring core temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate. Further testing is needed to evaluate the SpO2 measurement capabilities of the device.
Emotional Intelligence as a Predictor for Clinical Performance in Professional Physical Therapy Students

Background and Purpose. The purpose of the admission process in the graduate physical therapy (PT) program is to evaluate information that can predict an individual’s potential for success in the program. To date there is no reliable way to predict clinical performance of physical therapy students. Emotional intelligence has been shown to predict clinical performance in other medical professions and may be a predictor for clinical performance in PT. Generic abilities of clinical performance are critically important in the PT profession and are evaluated using the Clinical Performance Instrument (CPI). This study examined the relationship between clinical performance and emotional intelligence. Subjects. Fifty-six graduate physical therapy students (46 female, 10 male) between the ages of 23 to 38 years (25.7 + 3.6 years) from four Eastern Massachusetts schools participated. Methods. Clinical Performance Instrument (CPI) scores (version 4), the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT version 2.0)scores, Graduate Record Exam (GRE) scores, pre-requisite grade point averages (GPAs) and demographic information were collected. Results. Total CPI score (R2 = 0.36, p <0.02) and scores on individual items of Professional behavior (R2 = 0.31), Performing Interventions (R2 = 0.35, p < 0.04) and Performing an Examination (R2 = 0.28) were not significantly related to emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence was not significantly related to GRE scores (r =.14, p = 0.31) or pre-requisite school GPA (r = 0.10, p = 0.46). Discussion and Conclusion. Within the limitations of this research, the MSCEIT did not prove to be a successful predictor either by itself or in combination with other variables in predicting CPI performance. Future work with emotional intelligence surveys as predictors of CPI performance should start with examining those who pass the clinical experience part of the PT program compared to those who do not. After understanding the relationship between success and failure on the CPI, an examination of those that score high on the CPI versus those that merely pass could be studied.
Determination of Salable Shelf-life for Wrap-packaged Dry-aged Beef during Cold Storage

Abstract We investigated microbial and quality changes in wrap-packaged dry-aged beef after completion of aging and subsequent storage in a refrigerator. After 28 days of dry aging (temperature, 4°C; RH, approximately 75%; air flow velocity, 2.5 m/s), sirloins were trimmed, wrap-packaged, and stored at 4°C for 7 days. Analyses of microbial growth, pH, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TABRS), and instrumental color, myoglobin, and sensory evaluation were conducted on days 0, 3, 5, and 7. The results show that the number of total aerobic bacteria (TAB), yeast, and lactic acid bacteria increased with an increase in storage days, whereas no change in the growth of mold was observed during 7 days of storage. Based on the legal standard for TAB count, the estimated shelf-life of wrap-packaged dry-aged beef was predicted to be less than 12.2 days. However, the shelf-life should be less than 6.3 days, considering the result of sensory quality (odor, taste, and overall acceptance). No significant change in visible appearance was also observed during 7 days of storage. The results suggest that the present quality indicators for meat spoilage (pH, VBN, and TBARS) should be re-considered for dry-aged beef, as its characteristics are different from those of fresh and/or wet-aged beef.
Hierarchical graphical bayesian models in psychology

The improvement of graphical methods in psychological research can promote their use and a better comprehension of their expressive power. The application of hierarchical Bayesian graphical models has recently become more frequent in psychological research. The aim of this contribution is to introduce suggestions for the improvement of hierarchical Bayesian graphical models in psychology. This novel set of suggestions stems from the description and comparison between two main approaches concerned with the use of plate notation and distribution pictograms. It is concluded that the combination of relevant aspects of both models might improve the use of powerful hierarchical Bayesian graphical models in psychology.
Utilizing Probase in Open Directory Project-based Text Classification

Open Directory Project (ODP) has been successfully utilized in text classification due to its representation ability of various categories. However, ODP includes a limited number of entities, which play an important role in classification tasks. In this paper, we enrich the semantics of ODP categories with Probase entities. To effectively incorporate Probase entities in ODP categories, we first represent each ODP category and Probase entity in terms of concepts. Next, we measure the semantic relevance between an ODP category and a Probase entity based on the concept vector. Finally, we use Probase entity to enrich the semantics of the ODP categories. Our experimental results show that the proposed methodology exhibits a significant improvement over state-of-the-art techniques in the ODP-based text classification.
De novo transcriptome assembly and developmental mode specific gene expression of Pygospio elegans

Species with multiple different larval developmental modes are interesting models for the study of mechanisms underlying developmental mode transitions and life history evolution. Pygospio elegans, a small, tube‐dwelling polychaete worm commonly found in estuarine and marine habitats around the northern hemisphere, is one species with variable developmental modes. To provide new genomic resources for studying P. elegans and to address the differences in gene expression between individuals producing offspring with different larval developmental modes, we performed whole transcriptome Illumina RNA sequencing of adult worms from two populations and prepared a de novo assembly of the P. elegans transcriptome. The transcriptome comprises 66,233 unigenes, of which 33,807 contain predicted coding sequences, 26,448 have at least one functional annotation, and 3,076 are classified as putative long non‐coding RNAs. We found more than 8,000 unigenes significantly differentially expressed between adult worms from populations producing either planktonic or benthic larvae. This comprehensive transcriptome resource for P. elegans adds to the available genomic data for annelids and can be used to uncover mechanisms allowing developmental variation in this and potentially other marine invertebrate species.
Structures of the fully assembled Saccharomyces cerevisiae spliceosome before activation

Structural basis for spliceosome assembly The spliceosome removes noncoding sequences from precursor RNA and ligates coding sequences into useful mRNA. The pre-spliceosome (A complex) associates with a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complex called U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP to form the pre-B complex, which is converted into the precatalytic B complex. Bai et al. solved the cryo–electron microscopy structures of the pre-B and B complexes isolated from yeast. These structures show the U1 and U2 snRNPs and allow modeling of the A complex to reveal the early steps of spliceosome assembly and activation. Science, this issue p. 1423 Cryo–electron microscopy structures of the pre-B and B complexes reveal the mechanism of assembly and activation for the yeast spliceosome. The precatalytic spliceosome (B complex) is preceded by the pre-B complex. Here we report the cryo–electron microscopy structures of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae pre-B and B complexes at average resolutions of 3.3 to 4.6 and 3.9 angstroms, respectively. In the pre-B complex, the duplex between the 5′ splice site (5′SS) and U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is recognized by Yhc1, Luc7, and the Sm ring. In the B complex, U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein is dissociated, the 5′-exon–5′SS sequences are translocated near U6 snRNA, and three B-specific proteins may orient the precursor messenger RNA. In both complexes, U6 snRNA is anchored to loop I of U5 snRNA, and the duplex between the branch point sequence and U2 snRNA is recognized by the SF3b complex. Structural analysis reveals the mechanism of assembly and activation for the yeast spliceosome.
Dorsal Hand Vein Pattern Analysis and Neural Networks for Biometric Authentication

: Over the past several years, the subcutaneous blood vessels have emerged as a new solution for identity management. Biometric systems based on hand veins are considered to be very promising for high security environments. In this paper, we propose a novel user authentication approach based on dorsal hand vein pattern analysis and multi-layer perceptron neural network classification. For image processing two different techniques are employed: rotation invariant Hough trans - form and clustering based segmentation and mathematic morphology. Both approaches lead to binary images containing the vein patterns. The vessel structure corresponding to hand image samples of the same user are used to extract the final featu - res, independent of hand rotation and distance to the camera lens during acquisition. These characteristics are used to train the neural network, whereas are computed for the new input images to be classified as corresponding to one of the legitimate subjects or not. The experimental analysis shows that user classification with an equal error rate of 0.83% can be attained, bringing the advantages of proposed image processing techniques for vein detection and neural network classification into complete synergy.
Stain independent segmentation of whole slide images: A case study in renal histology

Most automated image segmentation approaches in histological analyses are either developed or trained for a specific histological stain. In this paper, we propose and investigate a stain independent segmentation framework, which extends the application of an existing segmentation routine developed for a specific stain to arbitrary stains. The idea is to bring consecutive slides with different stains into spatial alignment to be able to transfer the location information obtained by segmenting images with a particular stain onto the successively registered images dyed with other stains. In a case study with renal whole slide images, we perform experiments and compare the results of the proposed method with straight-forward segmentation (i.e. segmenting the stain, the method had been developed for) and also evaluated the impact of the remaining alignment error.
A proteomics analysis of adventitious root formation after leaf removal in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)

Abstract The formation of adventitious roots (ARs) is an important process for lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), which does not have a well-formed main root. In lotus, the removal of leaves above the waterline significantly promoted AR formation, while the removal of leaves below the waterline inhibited AR formation. Proteins were identified using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantization technique. The number of proteins decreased with increasing sequencing coverage, and most of the identified proteins had fewer than 10 peptides. In the A1/A0 and A2/A1 stages, 661 and 154 proteins showed increased abundance, respectively, and 498 and 111 proteins showed decreased abundance, respectively. In the B1/B0 and B2/B1 stages, 498 and 436 proteins showed increased abundance, respectively, and 358 and 348 proteins showed decreased abundance, respectively. Among the proteins showing large differences in abundance, 17 were identified as being related to AR formation. Proteins involved in the glycolytic pathway and the citrate cycle showed differences in abundance between the two types of leaf removal. The transcriptional levels of nine genes encoding relevant proteins were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results of this study illustrate the changes in metabolism after different types of leaf removal during AR formation in lotus.
Current topics in the surgical treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma

Treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) requires optimal selection of therapies based on various factors related to tumor condition and liver functional reserve. Although several evidence‐based guidelines have been proposed for the treatment of HCC, the criteria and range of indications differ among these guidelines according to the circumstances of each country. In European nations and the USA, patients with the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0‐A are subjects for surgical resection, whereas in Asian countries, even those with the intermediate stage are regarded as surgical candidates. Furthermore, since the recent introduction and rapidly widely spreading use of laparoscopic liver resection, this technique has become an important treatment option for surgical resection. In this review article, we overview the current topics of treatment of HCC with a special focus on surgical therapy.
Practical Method for 4-Dimentional Strategic Air Traffic Management Problem With Convective Weather Uncertainty

Strategic air traffic management (SATM) problem, one of the critical tasks in air traffic operations, faces new challenges as the increased concerns on environmental impact and operation efficiency of the air transportation, and the system uncertainty increases due to the time-varying interference, such as the convective weather. To effectively address these challenges, we propose the formulation and solution of a generalized 4-D SATM problem for an air traffic system with convective weather uncertainty. The proposed SATM problem formulation is computationally tractable and the schedule results can realize the avoidance of the convective weather with more than a tolerable risk probability. We provide a solution approach to tackle this problem with complex mathematical basics and illustrate the capabilities of the proposed mixed integer solution approach on the real regional air traffic system operated by the China civil aviation administration. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution approach.