Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel lower output ripple single-stage flyback LED driver

Due to low cost and high efficiency advantages, AC-DC single-stage LED driver has been widely used, But there is existing the problem of larger twice line frequency output ripple, and current ripple is one of the important factors to affect LED light-emitting properties and lifetime. A suitable kind of LED driver that single-stage flyback PFC circuit based on auxiliary winding and current ripple suppression strategies is proposed in this paper, the working principle of the proposed circuit and the implementation condition of low output current ripple are analyzed in detail. The simulation and experiment are carried out to verify the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical analysis, in switch the output current ripple can be reduced effectively through the proposed single-stage LED driver, and the input characteristics doesn't be affected.
Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of the ephedrines in man. II. Pharmacokinetics.

The kinetics of absorption, metabolism, and excretion of (−)-norephedrine, (−)-ephedrine, and (−)-methylephedrine, after oral administration in aqueous solution, have been elucidated using analog computer analysis of urinary excretion data from three male subjects under constant acidic urine control. The kinetics of formation and elimination of norephedrine and ephedrine when present as metabolites have also been determined. The single body compartment mathematical models were based upon a catenary chain with parallel branch systems and all rate constants were assumed to be first order. Excellent agreement was obtained between the theoretical computer curves and the experimental excretion data for both unchanged drug and metabolite(s).
DEREVERBERATION BY SPECTRAL LINEAR PREDICTION IN LIVE RECORDINGS

In this paper, we present our evaluations in using blind single channel dereverberation on music signals. The target material is heavily reverberated and dynamic range compressed polyphonic music from several genres. The applied dereverberation method is based on spectral subtraction regulated by a time-frequency domain linear predictive model. We present our results on enhancing music signal quality and automatic beat tracking accuracy with the proposed dereverberation method. Signal quality enhancement, measured by improvement in signal to distortion ratio, is achieved for both reverberant and dynamic range compressed signals. Moreover, the algorithm shows potential as a preprocessing method for music beat tracking.
Analysing acoustic model changes for active learning in automatic speech recognition

In active learning for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), a portion of data is automatically selected for manual transcription. The objective is to improve ASR performance with retrained acoustic models. The standard approaches are based on confidence of individual sentences. In this study, we look into an alternative view on transcript label quality, in which Gaussian Supervector Distance (GSD) is used as a criterion for data selection. GSD is a metric which quantifies how the model was changed during its adaptation. By using an automatic speech recognition transcript derived from an out-of-domain acoustic model, unsupervised adaptation was conducted and GSD was computed. The adapted model is then applied to an audio book transcription task. It is found that GSD provide hints for predicting data transcription quality. A preliminary attempt in active learning proves the effectiveness of GSD selection criterion over random selection, shedding light on its prospective use.
The Danish National Birth Cohort: Selected scientific contributions within perinatal epidemiology and future perspectives

Introduction: In this review a selection of studies published during the period 2002-2010, based on data from the Danish National Birth Cohort linked with other health registers, is described. Illustrative examples of studies addressing perinatal health outcomes (pregnancy complications and fetal and infant health) of a variety of exposures during pregnancy, as well as examples showing different methodological approaches in design and analyses of the studies, are presented. Research topics: The exposures of interest include alcohol drinking, coffee intake, smoking, use of nicotine substitutes, physical exercise, working conditions, medication and infections during pregnancy, and environmental possible toxins. The study designs cover straightforward cohort analyses, case-control studies and sub-cohort analyses with enriched data collection. Conclusion: So far, the Danish National Birth Cohort has provided important knowledge for evidence-based antenatal care by giving more accurate risk estimates for adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with the exposures of interest. Some new potential hazardous exposures during pregnancy have been identified and others have been put to rest. We believe that this investment in epidemiologic infrastructure was well spent. The existence of the Danish National Birth Cohort together with other cohorts and national registers has given Denmark a leading position in reproductive epidemiology.
The remarkable solar twin HIP 56948: a prime target in the quest for other Earths

Context. The Sun shows abundance anomalies relative to most solar twins. If the abundance peculiarities are due to the formation of inner rocky planets, that would mean that only a small fraction of solar type stars may host terrestrial planets. Aims. In this work we study HIP 56948, the best solar twin known to date, to determine with an unparalleled precision how similar it is to the Sun in its physical properties, chemical composition and planet architecture. We explore whether the abundances anomalies may be due to pollution from stellar ejecta or to terrestrial planet formation. Methods. We perform a differential abundance analysis (both in LTE and NLTE) using high resolution (R ~ 100 000) high S/N (600–650) Keck HIRES spectra of the Sun (as reflected from the asteroid Ceres) and HIP 56948. We use precise radial velocity data from the McDonald and Keck observatories to search for planets around this star. Results. We achieve a precision of σ ≲ 0.003 dex for several elements. Including errors in stellar parameters the total uncertainty is as low as σ ≃ 0.005 dex (1%), which is unprecedented in elemental abundance studies. The similarities between HIP 56948 and the Sun are astonishing. HIP 56948 is only 17 ± 7 K hotter than the Sun, and log g, [Fe/H] and microturbulence velocity are only + 0.02 ± 0.02 dex, +0.02 ± 0.01 dex and +0.01 ± 0.01 km s^(-1) higher than solar, respectively. Our precise stellar parameters and a differential isochrone analysis shows that HIP 56948 has a mass of 1.02 ± 0.02 M_⊙ and that it is ~1 Gyr younger than the Sun, as constrained by isochrones, chromospheric activity, Li and rotation. Both stars show a chemical abundance pattern that differs from most solar twins, but the refractory elements (those with condensation temperature T_(cond) ≳ 1000 K) are slightly (~0.01 dex) more depleted in the Sun than in HIP 56948. The trend with T_(cond) in differential abundances (twins − HIP 56948) can be reproduced very well by adding ~3 M_⊕ of a mix of Earth and meteoritic material, to the convection zone of HIP 56948. The element-to-element scatter of the Earth/meteoritic mix for the case of hypothetical rocky planets around HIP 56948 is only 0.0047 dex. From our radial velocity monitoring we find no indications of giant planets interior to or within the habitable zone of HIP 56948. Conclusions. We conclude that HIP 56948 is an excellent candidate to host a planetary system like our own, including the possible presence of inner terrestrial planets. Its striking similarity to the Sun and its mature age makes HIP 56948 a prime target in the quest for other Earths and SETI endeavors.
Aztec: A Platform to Render Biomedical Software Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable

Precision medicine and health requires the characterization and phenotyping of biological systems and patient datasets using a variety of data formats. This scenario mandates the centralization of various tools and resources in a unified platform to render them Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR Principles). Leveraging these principles, Aztec provides the scientific community with a new platform that promotes a long-term, sustainable ecosystem of biomedical research software. Aztec is available at https://aztec.bio and its source code is hosted at this https URL.
Tendon Function After Replantation: Prognostic Factors and Strategies to Enhance Total Active Motion

The purpose of this study was to determine the important prognostic factors for recovery of tendon function as measured by total active movement (TAM) in patients undergoing digital replantation. More important, the authors wanted to establish which factors may be manipulated to maximize motion. A retrospective review of 48 patients (103 digital rays) who underwent replantation was performed. Average TAM for all digits was 129 deg. Zone 1 and zone 5 injuries had better TAM than injuries in zones 2, 3, and 4, which had TAM values not significantly different from one another. Avulsion injuries fared significantly worse than other mechanisms of injury. TAM values were not affected by age, type of bone fixation, number of arteries repaired, or number of digits injured. Digits with both the profundus and the superficialis tendons repaired had significantly better TAM values relative to one-tendon fingers. Similarly, fingers treated with an “early” mobilization regime also exhibited better movement. Small numbers of injured digits in some groups may have limited our ability to detect significant differences.
Human Papillomavirus DNA Strongly Correlates With a Poorer

Objectives/Hypothesis: The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a clinical series of 162 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was studied. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between the immunohistochemical expression of p16, p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and HPV status to predict survival in OSCC patients. Study Design: Retrospective study. Methods: Paraffin-embedded samples from OSCC patients (n 1⁄4 162) were evaluated for the presence of HPV DNA using both GP5þ/GP6þ consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and type-specific E6/E7 PCR to detect HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 67, and 68. Immunohistochemical staining for p16, p53, and EGFR was also performed. Results: The type-specific E6/E7 PCR demonstrated that 65 of the 147 OSCC patients (44%) presented with high-risk (hr) HPV types and that 38 of the 147 OSCC patients (26%) presented with low-risk (lr) HPV types. Comparable p53 and EGFR expression levels were observed in the hr HPVþ group (41.5% p53þ, 92% EGFRþ) and the lr HPVþ group (57% p53þ, 92% EGFRþ). Conversely, a slight increase in the proportion of p16þ tumors was observed in the hr HPVþ group (65%) compared with the lr HPVþ group (44%). In regard to patient outcome, the presence of HPV was correlated with a worse prognosis (P 1⁄4 .007). Conclusions: A high prevalence of hr and lr HPV infections was detected in the OSCC patients included in the study. Moreover, hr HPV positivity was correlated with a decreased 5-year disease-free survival rate compared with HPV and lr HPVþ.
Classification of pituitary growth hormone producing adenomas according to SIPAP: application in clinical practice

Background In 1997, the SIPAP classification was introduced, a guide designed for MRI, to characterize pituitary adenomas with emphasis on extrasellar extensions and impact on adjacent structures. To our knowledge no previous evaluation of the inter-observer agreement of the SIPAP classification has been performed. Purpose To evaluate the inter-observer agreement of the SIPAP classification. Material and Methods Sixty patients operated on for growth hormone producing pituitary adenomas at Lund University Hospital 1991–2007 had an assessable preoperative MRI scan. Forty-five of them also had an assessable postoperative MRI scan. The mean time between surgery and postoperative MRI scans was 11 months. Two observers evaluated all the MRI scans independently. The outcome of the evaluation is presented as the percentage of concordance in each of the evaluated directions and the degree of discrepancy for each of the directions evaluated. Results In 284 (79%) of 360 preoperative gradings both observers agreed completely. In 17 of the 60 preoperative MRI scans, both observers made identical assessments according to the SIPAP classification in all the six different directions of tumor extension. In 76 gradings the results differed between the observers. The difference was 1 grade (or less) in 69 cases. In 230 (85%) of 270 postoperative gradings the results were identical for both observers. In 18 of the 45 postoperative MRI scans, both observers made the same assessments according to the SIPAP classification in all the six different directions of tumor extension. In 40 gradings the results differed between the observers. The difference was 1 grade (or less) in all 40 cases. Conclusion We found a relatively high inter-observer agreement both pre- and postoperatively, supporting the usefulness and easy applicability of the SIPAP system for grading of pituitary adenomas pre- as well as postoperatively.
Economic prospects and market operations of V2G in electric distribution network

The contemporary distribution network is metamorphosing into a weak, stressed and vulnerable network. The strategy adopted to ameliorate this potential menace is shifting electricity supply away from today's centralized service model towards a more dispersed structure. Sequel to the non-centralized operational paradigm is the penetration of V2G at the nodes of the electric distribution network. A V2G facility has the potential to provide economic incentives in an electric distribution network. In this paper, economic models are developed to quantify the amount of economic incentives that can be derived from the penetration of V2G into the power distribution network. Different V2G operational strategies are considered, and then observing how this operational changes impact economic incentive due to V2G penetration in the system. Three novel economic models were developed: (1) economic model to quantify the prospects of V2G when used for ancillary services in power systems, (2) economic evaluation due to released energy in the distribution network when V2G penetrates the system, and (3) the impact of location, V2G capacity and feeder loading on annual economic incentives. The results show that V2G promises significant economic incentives. The results obtained in this study emphasize the importance of proper system studies that considers different scenarios of V2G operational strategies.
TLR3 activation inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis via down-regulation of chemokine receptor CXCR4

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), a receptor for viral double strain RNA (dsRNA), mediates anti-viral immune response by activating the innate immunity and cross-priming CD8+ T cells. TLR3 agonists can directly trigger apoptosis in human cancer cells, and have been used as adjuvants to treat cancer patients with the aim of inducing an IFN-dependent immune response. In this study, we examined the effect of TLR3 activation on the metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We found that NPC cells expressed TLR3 gene transcript and protein. TLR3 activation down-regulated the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibited cell migration in response to CXCR4 ligand stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in chemotaxis assays. Furthermore, TLR3 activation significantly reduced the capacity of NPC cells to form metastasis in draining lymph nodes when injected in athymic mice. The anti-metastasis activity of endogenous human TLR3 expression in cancer cells reveals a novel aspect of the multiple-faced TLR biology, which may open new clinical prospects for using TLR3 agonists to control cancer metastasis in selected cancers.
Relationships between explanatory style, posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among Chinese breast cancer patients

Many existing models posit that cognitive processing style is an important factor affecting self-perceived positive changes. In this study, the effects of explanatory style (the manner in which people cognitively process and explain why they experience good and bad events) on both posttraumatic growth (PTG) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were examined among 90 Chinese women with breast cancer. It was found that explanatory style for good events, but not for bad events, was significantly associated with self-reported PTG. Women who attributed the causes of positive events to internal, global and stable factors tended to report more posttraumatic growth. In contrast, explanatory style for bad events, as opposed to good events, was significantly and positively correlated with PTSD symptoms. Among the three dimensions of explanatory style (internal, stable and global), the tendency to globalise the causes of good and bad events were the most important predictors of self-reported PTG and PTSD symptoms, respectively. While enhancing an optimistic explanatory style for bad events might reduce posttraumatic stress symptoms, cultivating an optimistic explanatory style for good events is likely to increase self-perceived positive changes after breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A review on energy management systems

In the context of implementing the smart grid, electric energy consumption, generation resources, energy storage, plug-in electric vehicles, should be managed and optimized in a way that saves energy, improves efficiency, enhance reliability and maintain security while meeting the increasing demand at minimum operating cost. As a consequence, energy management systems are receiving more attention from the researchers and utilities. Accordingly, the main concern of this work is to investigate different energy management systems whether owned by a customer or by the distribution system utility.
Competitive Optimality of Logarithmic Investment

Consider the two-person zero-sum game in which two investors are each allowed to invest in a market with stocks ( X 1 , X 2 , ., X m ) (sim) F , where X i (ge) 0. Each investor has one unit of capital. The goal is to achieve more money than one’s opponent. Allowable portfolio strategies are random investment policies B (in) R m , B (ge) 0 , E (sum) m i = 1 B i = 1. The payoff to player 1 for policy B 1 vs. B 2 is P { B t 1 X (ge) B t 2 X }. The optimal policy is shown to be B * = U b *, where U is a random variable uniformly distributed on [0, 2], and b * maximizes E ln b t X over b (ge) 0 , (sum) b i = 1 . Curiously, this competitively optimal investment policy b * is the same policy that achieves the maximum possible growth rate of capital in repeated independent investments (Breiman [Breiman, L. 1961. Optimal gambling systems for favorable games. Fourth Berkeley Symposium. 1 65--78.] and Kelly [Kelly, J. 1956. A new interpretation of information rate. Bell System Tech. J. 917--926.]). Thus the immediate goal of outperforming another investor is perfectly compatible with maximizing the asymptotic rate of return.
The Recent Development of MIPO in Long Bone Fractures

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO), which is developed under the guidance of biological osteosynthesis (BO) rules, can achieve faster and better rehabilitation. MIPO is mainly used in long bone fractures such as humerus, tibia and femur, but the technique is distinctive in each fracture site. The operative method, experimental outcome and comparison with other internal fixation methods will be discussed to determine whether MIPO is the best method or alternative method in fracture treatment. Other technique such as less invasive stabilizing system (LISS), which is developed on the basis of MIPO will also be introduced. In this review article, a general view of recent development MIPO is to be given.
Experimental Analysis of an Automotive Air Conditioning System With Two-Phase Flow Measurements

A fully equipped automotive air-conditioning test system consists of 5 main components: a compressor, a condenser, an orifice tube, an evaporator and an accumulator. R-134a is used as refrigerant. The coefficient of performance, evaporator cooling capacity, compressor power consumption, total mass flow rate, vapor mass flow rate, liquid mass flow rate and oil in circulation, pressures and temperatures of refrigerant at each component (inlet and outlet) are measured and analyzed with the variation of the temperatures at evaporator and condenser and refrigerant charge. The systematic experimental results obtained from this real-size test system depict the relations of the abovementioned parameters in an automotive air conditioning system, which constitute a useful source for automotive air conditioning systems design and analysis. The two-phase flow measurements realized in this work provide an extremely important tool to diagnose system performance.
Interference evaluation of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b systems

The emergence of several radio technologies, such as Bluetooth and EEEE 802.11b, operating in the 2.4GHz unlicensed ISM frequency band, may lead to signal interference and result in significant performance degradation when devices are colocated in the same environment. The main goal of this paper is to evaluate the effect of mutual interference on the performance of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b systems. We develop a simulation framework for modeling interference based on detailed MAC and PHY models.
Recapitulization of tweets using graph-based clustering

Twitter, a well-liked online social networking site, facilitates millions of users on a daily basis to dispatch and orate quick 140-character notes named tweets. Nowadays, Twitter is cogitated as the fastest and popular intermediate of communication and is used to follow latest events. Tweets pertaining to a specific event can be effortlessly found using keyword matching, but there are numerous tweets that are likely to contain information that is semantically identical. Moreover, there exist many systems for recapitulating tweets related to a particular event, but they have numerous limitations and are unable to provide accurate results. This work aims to overcome the limitations of existing systems by developing a system for recapitulating tweets using graph-based clustering.
VHDL Model of an Array-of-Array Multiplier Implemented in CMOS Sea-of-Gates

We have generated parametric VHDL descriptions for two parallel multiplier architectures: the array-of-array multiplier developed at Delft University, and the classical array multiplier. Using the VHDL descriptions we have synthesized 32×32-bit signed (two's complement) multipliers, and we have implemented two prototypes in 1.6¿m CMOS fishbone sea-of-gates. The implementation was aimed to compare the two architectures in terms of speed and area. The implemented array-of-array multiplier is 6% larger and 1.7 times faster than the array multiplier. The array-of-array design contains 48036 transistors, and the longest multiplication time was measured as 42 ns.