Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emulating long-range atmospheric turbulence in lab based on spatial light modulator

A flexible atmospheric turbulence simulator based on spatial light modulator is investigated experimentally. Phase screens generated by Fourier Transform method are used in the proposed scheme. The effect of time-varying atmospheric turbulence with different strength is successfully demonstrated. The far-field intensity and received optical power of Gauss-shaped laser beam under relatively weak, moderate and strong atmospheric turbulence are measured. Experiments show that atmospheric turbulence will cause the distortion of far-field intensity distribution and fluctuation of received optical power.
The effect of seismic uplift on the shell stresses of liquid‐storage tanks

Previous theoretical studies have shown that tank uplift, that is, separation of the tank base from the foundation, generally reduces the base shear and the base moment. However, there is a paucity of experimental investigations concerning the effect of uplift on the tank wall stresses, which is the principal parameter that controls the seismic design of liquid‐storage tanks. This paper reports a series of shake table experiments on a polyvinyl chloride model tank containing water. A comparison of the seismic behaviour of the tank with and without anchorage is described. Stochastically generated ground motions, based on a Japanese design spectrum, and three tank aspect ratios (liquid‐height/radius) are considered. Measurements were made of the stresses at the outer shell of the tank, the tank wall acceleration and the horizontal displacement at the top of the tank. While the top displacement and the tank shell acceleration increased when uplift was allowed, axial compressive stresses decreased by between 35% and 64% with tank uplift. The effect of uplift on the hoop stresses was variable depending on the aspect ratio. A comparison of experimental values with a numerical model is provided. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enantioanalysis of Aspartic Acid Using 3D Stochastic Sensors

Abstract Enantioanalysis of aspartic acid is of high importance for the metabolomics involved in gastric cancer. Therefore, two 3D stochastic sensors based on sulfur-doped graphene modified with protoporphyrin IX are reported for the enantioanalysis of aspartic acid. The 3D stochastic sensors were enantioselective with high sensitivity (the highest 1011 and 108 s−1/mol L−1 for l‐ and d-aspartic acid) and limits of quantification of 1 fmol L−1 and 1 pmol L−1 for l‐ and d-aspartic acids. The whole blood screening method based on utilization of the 3D stochastic sensors was validated using blood collected from healthy people and from patients with confirmed gastric cancer. Recoveries higher than 98.00% were recorded for enantioanalysis of aspartic acid in whole blood.
Human-centered planning for effective tast autonomy

Increasingly available mobile devices (e.g., mobile robots, smart phones) are becoming more intelligent in their ability to autonomously perform tasks for users. However, when deployed in complex human environments, these devices still face many sensing, reasoning, and actuation limitations. To overcome limitations, we propose symbiotic relationships as those in which the device can request help from humans in the environment while it performs tasks for them. Because the devices are performing tasks for humans, humans have incentive to help the device complete its tasks effectively. However, they may not always be available or willing to help. We introduce human-centered planning to model and reason about humans in the environment in addition to their own state and goals to determine how to act and whether, who, and how to seek help. The thesis first contributes an understanding of what and how to model humans in the environment through user studies. We first evaluate whether attributes such as availability and interruptibility affect willingness to help. Then, we contribute to the understanding of how to ask humans for help to increase the accuracy of their responses. We show that providing humans with device context, classification prediction and uncertainty, and additional feedback all increase the accuracy of human responses to device questions. Finally, we contribute algorithms to learn these models both through surveys and online while the device is performing tasks. The thesis then introduces human-centered conditional, deliberative, and replanning algorithms that use models of humans. We contribute conditional plans that include asking actions to enable devices to perform tasks that they could not otherwise perform. We then contribute a human-centered deliberative planner for a robot to use to determine which navigational path to take that minimizes its uncertainty and maximizes the likelihood of finding available human helpers. Finally, we contribute a replanning algorithm for a robot to determine which helper to have travel to help in a particular location, such as elevators or kitchens. Through extensive experiments and deployments, in particular with a mobile service robot, this thesis shows that human-centered algorithms trade off task performance with costs of asking and interrupting human helpers increase functionality while maintaining usability.
PIV Measurements Around A Rotating Single Gear Partially Submerged In Oil Within Modelled SAAB Gearbox

This study concerns fluid dynamics of the flow around a rotating single gear wheel which is partially submerged in oil within a modelled SAAB gearbox. A literature survey shows a very limited amount of studies on this topic which are publicly available at the moment. The experimental measurements were carried out by means of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) on this very highly complex flow. For the purpose of experimental study a test rig representing a simplfied model of a gearbox was built. The rig is specially designed for using PIV which means the optical access to the flow is maximized. The flow similarity with respect to a real gearbox is maintained and the working fluid is a transparent mineral oil. The wheel model is made interchangeable and the wheel rotation speed can be varied to investigate different operation conditions. Two different wheel models with a diameter of 220mm were considered in the measurement, one of them is smooth and the other one has spur teeth. At a very low rotational speed, (50rpm), the flow is mostly in one-phase below the oil level. As the rotational speed increases (400rpm), the flow pattern around the wheel become chaotic and two different two-phase flows with rotation, free-surface effects, and liquid splashing effects are involved. As the wheel rotates and splashing lead to the creation of oil droplets in the top part of the box and air bubbles are generated in the bottom part within the oil. At this stage the optical access become limited by partly from bubbles and oil splashing on the window. These bubbles cause problems due to optical refraction and distortion when laser light is illuminated on them. This issue was partly resolved by performing the experimental measurement in a "transient" mode. The transient mode was applied in such a way that a trigger signal was provided from the wheel to the PIV processor in order to allow immediate measurements suddenly after the rotation was started.
Metal Forming Practise: Processes - Machines - Tools

Metal forming and shearing processes. - Types of manufacturing process. - Terms and parameters of metal forming. - Surface treatment. - Upset forging. - Extrusion. - Thread rolling. - Cold hubbing. - Coining (stamping). - Ironing (wall ironing). - Wire drawing. - Tube drawing. - Extrusion. - Impression-die forging (closed-die forging). - Deep drawing. - Deep drawing without a blank holder metal spinning. - Bending. - Embossing. - Shearing. - Fine blanking (precision blanking). - Joining by forming. - Presses. - Types of press. - Hammers. - Screw presses. - Eccentric and crank presses. - Knuckle-joint and toggle presses. - Hydraulic presses. - Special-purpose presses. - Workpiece and stock feed systems. - Future developments in metal forming presses and tool changing systems. - Tables. - Technical tables.
Excessive Alcohol Consumption and Violent Brawls: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Bartenders in Bogotá, Colombia

Excessive alcohol consumption tends to instigate violence, particularly in and around alcohol-serving establishments. Policies that ban or restrict alcohol have been shown to defuse violence but impose restrictions on the community and may be unenforceable in certain contexts. Fewer evidence exists regarding policies that raise awareness among bartenders and patrons of the adverse consequences of excessive alcohol consumption. This study evaluates an intervention conducted by the Bogotá mayor’s office and Colombia’s largest brewery to empower bartenders, provide didactic materials to bar patrons, and offer food and non-alcoholic drinks to bar patrons. The intervention has two primary objectives: i) reduce the negative consequences associated with the over-consumption of alcohol and ii) defuse conflicts between bartenders and patrons, and among patrons, that might escalate to violence within and around bars. Our unit of observation is the street segment, nested within police quadrants. We first randomize 221 police quadrants into treatment and control groups. Second, in the 109 treated quadrants, we randomly select eligible street segments with alcoholserving establishments to receive the intervention. This design captures both direct effects of the intervention on violent brawls for street segments within treated police quadrants and potential spillover effects across police quadrants.
An Intelligent Mobility Prediction Scheme for Location-Based Service over Cellular Communications Network

One of the trickiest challenges introduced by cellular communications networks is mobility prediction for Location Based-Services (LBSs). Hence, an accurate and efficient mobility prediction technique is particularly needed for these networks. The mobility prediction technique incurs overheads on the transmission process. These overheads affect properties of the cellular communications network such as delay, denial of services, manual filtering and bandwidth. The main goal of this research is to enhance a mobility prediction scheme in cellular communications networks through three phases. Firstly, current mobility prediction techniques will be investigated. Secondly, innovation and examination of new mobility prediction techniques will be based on three hypothesises that are suitable for cellular communications network and mobile user (MU) resources with low computation cost and high prediction success rate without using MU resources in the prediction process. Thirdly, a new mobility prediction scheme will be generated that is based on different levels of mobility prediction. In this thesis, a new mobility prediction scheme for LBSs is proposed. It could be considered as a combination of the cell and routing area (RA) prediction levels. For cell level prediction, most of the current location prediction research is focused on generalized location models, where the geographic extent is divided into regularshape cells. These models are not suitable for certain LBSs where the objectives are to compute and present on-road services. Such techniques are the New MarkovBased Mobility Prediction (NMMP) and Prediction Location Model (PLM) that deal with inner cell structure and different levels of prediction, respectively. The NMMP and PLM techniques suffer from complex computation, accuracy rate regression and insufficient accuracy. In this thesis, Location Prediction based on a Sector Snapshot (LPSS) is introduced, which is based on a Novel Cell Splitting Algorithm (NCPA). This algorithm is implemented in a micro cell in parallel with the new prediction technique. The LPSS technique, compared with two classic prediction techniques and the experimental results, shows the effectiveness and robustness of the new splitting algorithm and prediction technique.
NMR Based Foodomics to Investigate the Digestibility of Protein-Rich Food Products

Nowadays, in developed countries, the excessive food intake, in conjunction with a decreased physical activity, has led to an increase in lifestyle-related diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type -2 diabetes, a range of cancer types and arthritis. The socio-economic importance of such lifestyle-related diseases has encouraged countries to increase their efforts in research, and many projects have been initiated recently in research that focuses on the relationship between food and health. Thanks to these efforts and to the growing availability of technologies, the food companies are beginning to develop healthier food. The necessity of rapid and affordable methods, helping the food industries in the ingredient selection has stimulated the development of in vitro systems that simulate the physiological functions to which the food components are submitted when administrated in vivo. One of the most promising tool now available appears the in vitro digestion, which aims at predicting, in a comparative way among analogue food products, the bioaccessibility of the nutrients of interest. The adoption of the foodomics approach has been chosen in this work to evaluate the modifications occurring during the in vitro digestion of selected protein-rich food products. The measure of the proteins breakdown was performed via NMR spectroscopy, the only techniques capable of observing, directly in the simulated gastric and duodenal fluids, the soluble oligo- and polypeptides released during the in vitro digestion process. The overall approach pioneered along this PhD work, has been discussed and promoted in a large scientific community, with specialists networked under the INFOGEST COST Action, which recently released a harmonized protocol for the in vitro digestion. NMR spectroscopy, when used in tandem with the in vitro digestion, generates a new concept, which provides an additional attribute to describe the food quality: the comparative digestibility, which measures the improvement of the nutrients bioaccessibility.
MoLife: hazard detection in a cooperative assistance system for motorcycles

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication promises a large safety benefit for motorcycles. Furthermore, new motorcycles are equipped with an increasing number of vehicle dynamics sensors (e.g. wheel speed sensors, gyro sensors). These deliver information about the current driving state variables. Hence, the Institute of Automotive Engineering at Technische Universitat Darmstadt and carhs.communication are in the process of researching the fundamentals of a communication-based warning system for motorcycles. This system generates sensor-based or manually entered warning messages and sends these to other motorcyclists using wireless communication devices. In this way, riders can receive early warnings of road hazards. In order to detect hazards based on standard sensors, new methods were developed, which are presented in this paper. An analysis of an accident database and a motorcycle rider survey revealed the following main causes for accidents that would be avoidable using a system such as that investigated here: (1) Roadway damages, e.g. unevenness, ground waves, transversal ruts, pot holes; (2) Obstacles on the road, such as broken down vehicles behind a curve; (3) Excessive speed in curves, especially in irregular road conditions; (4) Friction steps caused by oil, gravel sand, bitumen. Driving dynamics for the above mentioned situations were analyzed. New criteria were derived and used to generate warning messages based on vehicle dynamics sensor information. In order to validate the criteria, over 500 test drives were conducted. To detect hazards caused by individual roadway damages, a new criterion was derived based on the measurement of the vertical wheel acceleration. With this criterion, hazard detection becomes independent of hazard type and shape. Obstacles are detected by identifying evasive maneuvers. These are distinguished from other maneuvers by means of a correlation factor, determined on the basis of a previously defined standard maneuver and the current driving state. In a previous study, the vehicle side-slip angle velocity was found to be a criterion to detect critical driving situations during cornering. These situations are caused by friction steps or by exceeding the maximum lateral acceleration. The current study adapts this criterion for use in a communication-based warning system. Friction steps and low friction (during straight driving) are detected by evaluating braking activity and longitudinal acceleration. In addition to methods for hazard detection, a methodology to design an appropriate Human Machine Interface (HMI) was also developed and validated. To increase market acceptance, an additional comfort-oriented functionality was implemented and tested. This function is based on the same technology as the safety function.
Analysis of Income Tax Liability Implementation at ABC Corporation

In Indonesia, tax is the main source of state revenue that is used maximally for the general public's welfare. Tax collection is one of Indonesia's important things, where most of the revenue comes from income tax. This study aims to analyze the corporate income tax liability at ABC Coporation, which is under Law Number 36, the Year 2008. The research method uses a descriptive analysis method. The calculation of tax liabilities in this study is divided into several income tax articles, and fiscal corrections are made on the company's income statement. The results showed that ABC Corporation calculates, payment and reports Corporate Income Tax under Law Number 36 of 2008.
Scaling of Low Power CMOS Circuits with Optimum Performance

In recent years, increasing demand for portable devices has made low power consumption a main design consideration. This paper optimizes the CMOS basic cells based on a simulation procedure to analyze how three aspects of IC power consumption, i.e. dynamic power, leakage power and peak power, can be considered together in optimizing the sizing and design of basic cells without a reduced degradation in performance with scaled supply voltage. The study was performed using basic cells in 32nm process technology for 1.8V to sub-1V by exploiting the linear dependency of supply voltage V DD and width of transistor W with circuit switching delay and power consumption. The optimization was carried out with 256-bit CMOS carry-ripple adder and 8-bit CMOS Braun multiplier as test vehicles. It is the aim of this paper to adopt a systematic approach to optimize CMOS basic cells with the use of RC delay modeling technique and geometry scaling to achieve optimum performance for low voltage advanced process technology.
Body Composition of Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) Cadets: A Comparison Across Three Techniques of Measurement

Background: Physical fitness is imperative for the Army Reserves Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets to be commissioned for active duty. This project compared the standard anthropometric assessment of ROTC cadets using tape measurement to body composition measurements using Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) from the Bod Pod and the sevensite Pollock Skin Fold Thickness (SFM) measurement. These results were compared to the norms established by the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), recommending to improve ROTC body measurement method. Method: Thirteen ROTC cadets were recruited from Central State and Cedarville Universities. Cadets were measured using the ADP (BODPOD) and SFM method. Tape measurements were provided by the ROTC program. Descriptive statistics were generated and classifications for each cadet were made based on APFT standards for the aforementioned methods. T-test and Bland-Altman tests were conducted to compare the classifications. Results: Numbers indicate, the three methods measuring body composition present different body fat outcomes for each candidate. The SFM overestimated body fat and the tape measurement underestimated body fat when the ADP measurement is used as a gold standard. Conclusion: Three individuals were classified as “Risky (low body fat)” by Tape Measurement but as “lean” or “moderately lean” by SFM and the “gold standard” ADP. These results indicate that the systematic underestimation by the tape measurement can cause unnecessary concern and follow up, using limited resources unnecessarily. We recommend that ROTC use ADP body fat testing whenever available to more accurately estimate body fat percentages for cadets. The second choice would be SFM.
Tacit Knowledge Preservation at Vendor Organizations in Offshore Outsourcing Software Development

Context. Tacit knowledge preservation (TKP) is a critical activity in outsourcing business since there is a high possibility of losing business if the personnel turnover rate is high. Objective: This study investigates TKP techniques from both knowledge management (KM) and software engineer (SE) perspectives followed by a discussion on the practicability of these techniques in software industries. The main aim of this research study is to provide a set of recommendations that assists preserving tacit knowledge in offshore outsourcing vendor organizations. Methods: This research combines a systematic literature review with an industrial survey. A systematic literature review (SLR) was employed to identify the TKP techniques in both KM and SE literature. Quasi-gold standard approach was employed as search strategy in SLR. Further, a survey was conducted with industrial practitioners working in offshore outsourcing software development (OOSD) to validate the findings from SLR and to know the additional TKP techniques. Results: A total of 51 TKP techniques were extracted from SLR and no additional techniques were identified from the survey. These 51 techniques were grouped and categorized into two subgroups namely Socialization and Externalization. A recommendation system and model was proposed to make the TKP process mandatory for every software project in an organization. Conclusions: The research provided a wide set of techniques for preserving tacit knowledge but the major contribution is from KM field whereas a little from SE field. The results of SLR and industrial survey revealed that though a sufficient amount of TKP techniques are available the practicability of these techniques in SE organizations is limited in nature. Therefore, we recommend a Software Engineers Rating (SER) system and model to make the TKP process mandatory in every software project that benefits the organization and also to an employee.
Application of stereovision, digital maps and inertial sensors for estimation of geographical location

Th e paper presents an approach that integrates stereoscopic images, numerical maps of terrain and inertial sensors’ signals for estimation of geographical location of system user. Th e proposed solution improves on the GPS system in terms of accuracy and it can be used also inside buildings where GPS readouts are not available. Th e system was designed with a view of blind pedestrians. Th e prototype employs the particle ﬁ ltering algorithm to fuse data from diﬀ erent sources.