Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Floatable In Situ Gel of Ofloxacin

Aim: The main of our study is to formulate and evaluate the in situ gel of ofloxacin. Materials and Methods: The gift sample of drug was procured from Century Pharmaceuticals Limited Halol, Gujarat, India. The drug was identified by ultraviolet, infrared (IR), solubility, and on the basis of melting point. For the incompatibility studies, a drug-excipient study was performed. For the preparation of in situ gel of ofloxacin, Calcium carbonate (CaCO3), 0.1N HCl, and trisodium citrate were used. Now make solution of propylparaben and Methylparaben in purified Water in ration of 9:1 with aspartame. Now, different concentrations of HPMC-K 4 M, HPMC-K 15 M, and HPMC-K 100 M were added in respective batches. These solutions were mixed with the above solutions. The resulting alginate in situ gel solution containing ofloxacin was checked for lag time, viscosity, and amp, gelling property. Results and Discussion: Melting point was found to be 254–260°C. IR spectra of ofloxacin showed C=O, N-H, C-F, and O-H stretching which is similar to the standard drug sample. On the basis of results, P8 formulation was found to be best in respect of visual inspection, pH, viscosity, in vitro floating study, in vitro gelation study, determination of drug content, and in vitro drug release. Conclusion: In our experiment it is observed that if the final concentration of CaCO3 increases then it decreases the lag time for floating and if increase the concentration of sodium alginate and HPMC K4M the viscosity increases. It is proved by seeing all the results that ofloxacin in situ gel formulation has better performance than conventional formulation and also makes better compliance and improved efficacy.
Risk Preferences Under Changing Volatility Regimes { A Markov Switching Approach to Pricing Kernel Estimation

Since the 2008 meltdown in nancial markets, the role of risk appetite as a factor in market vulnerability has received increasing attention. This paper contributes to this area of research by examining risk preference behavior in nancial markets. We use a modied approach to pricing kernel estimation that addresses known conceptual diculties in the pricing kernel ratio. Evidence shows that introducing regimeswitching into the conditional variance of the underlying returns better reects this period of extreme volatility. It also appears to have a signicant impact on characterizations of pricing kernels and risk preference behavior. Results indicate that conventional single-regime models may mistakenly identify changes in risk preferences by failing to account for possible regime changes in conditional variance over time.
Effects of lactobacillus casei probiotic on mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: a placebo controlled study

Background: Â The effects of probiotics on ulcerative colitis has still remained a contraversy. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Lactobacillus casei strain ATCC PTA-3945 in treating ulcerative colitis. Â Materials and Methods: Â Thirty four patients with mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis randomly received a probiotic preparation of L. casei strain ATCC PTA-3945Â (nÂ =Â 17) or its placeboÂ (nÂ =Â 17) plus conventional medical therapy for their active disease. After a maximum of 2Â months, remitted patients were again randomised to receive L. casei strain ATCC PTA-3945 or placebo, and also maintained on mesalazine or sulfasalazine tablets for a maximum of 6Â months. Â Results: Â The numbers of patients achieving remission did not statistically differ between probiotic and placebo groupsÂ (82% vs. 76% at intention to treat analysisÂ [PÂ =Â 1.00], and 100% vs. 81.2% at per-protocol analysisÂ [PÂ =Â 0.23], respectively). The mean time to clinical remission were 25Â days and 32Â days in probiotic and placebo groups, respectivelyÂ (PÂ =Â 0.11). Relapse rates also did not significantly differ between probiotic and placebo groupsÂ (14.3% vs. 26.7% at ITT analysisÂ [PÂ =Â 0.65] and 16.7% vs. 33.3%Â [PÂ =Â 0.64], respectively). Mean time to relapse were 96Â days and 74Â days in the probiotic and the placebo group, respectivelyÂ (PÂ =Â 0.51). Â Conclusion: Â The results of this preliminary study showed no significant effect by using L. casei strain ATCC PTA-3945 probiotic in the treatment of ulcerative colitis patients. Â
Bi-directional Relationships between Exports and Growth: A Panel Data Approach

This paper uses panel data analysis to test the validity of the “export-led hypothesis” in seven countries, members of SAARC (India, Bangladesh, Sri lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives). Fixed effects model leads to conclusion that there is no significant relationship between GDP and Export for these countries. On the other hand Random effects model leads to conclusion that there is no significant relationship between GDP and Export for these countries. Panel unit root tests imply that there is strong evidence of stationary process for both GDP and Export at level that is I(0). However, the panel cointegration test indicates there is co-integrating relationship between export and growth for these countries. As a conclusion, the export could be seen as the engine of growth in these countries. In other word, the empirical findings did provide sufficient evident to support the : export-led hypothesis” in the area.
Health Information Exchange Problems within Different Health Organizations, Introducing Super Clinic

The growth of e-health system has influenced the way health organizations conduct their business. Communication between these systems is one of the most significant factors since a more efficient communication system can improve an organization performance. Nowadays the health organizations make a lot of investments to deploy a suitable information and communication technology to meet their goals. This study investigates the health information exchange within different health information systems. We first carried out a theoretical study to find out the relevant concepts by reviewing the related literature and analyzing them. As a result of our theoretical study we investigate and redesign the basic model of the “Super Clinic” as a new model for health information exchange system. Then we conducted an empirical study to validate the result from the theoretical study which helped us to narrow down our research area. We revised our proposed theoretical model by the lesson learnt from our empirical study results. Three interviews were conducted with experts and the outcomes were analyzed using comparative analysis. These interviews allowed us to outline the most important factors of successful health information exchange systems (i.e. “Super Clinic”). They also helped us to design a central hub (i.e. “health Hub”) for communication and information exchange between different information systems. This revised model of Super Clinic (with the central hub) could be going under more investigation in future works.
THE EVOLUTION OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND THEIR SPINS

Massive black holes (MBHs), in contrast to stellar mass black holes, are expected to substantially change their properties over their lifetime. MBH masses increase by several orders of magnitude over a Hubble time, as illustrated by Sołtan's argument. MBH spins also must evolve through the series of accretion and mergers events that increase the masses of MBHs. We present a simple model that traces the joint evolution of MBH masses and spins across cosmic time. Our model includes MBH–MBH mergers, merger-driven gas accretion, stochastic fueling of MBHs through molecular cloud capture, and a basic implementation of accretion of recycled gas. This approach aims at improving the modeling of low-redshift MBHs and active galactic nuclei (AGNs), whose properties can be more easily estimated observationally. Despite the simplicity of the model, it does a good job capturing the global evolution of the MBH population from z ∼ 6 to today. Under our assumptions, we find that the typical spin and radiative efficiency of MBHs decrease with cosmic time because of the increased incidence of stochastic processes in gas-rich galaxies and MBH–MBH mergers in gas-poor galaxies. At z = 0, the spin distribution in gas-poor galaxies peaks at spins 0.4–0.8 and is not strongly mass dependent. MBHs in gas-rich galaxies have a more complex evolution, with low-mass MBHs at low redshift having low spins and spins increasing at larger masses and redshifts. We also find that at z > 1 MBH spins are on average the highest in high luminosity AGNs, while at lower redshifts these differences disappear.
Review of Radar Altimetry Techniques over the Arctic Ocean: Recent Progress and Future Opportunities for Sea Level and Sea Ice Research

Abstract. There are numerous needs for monitoring sea level and sea ice in the Arctic, ranging from concern about changes in ice cover being both an indicator and a driver of long-term climate change to shipping interest in alternative routes and the associated risks to the safety of vessels and crew. Furthermore, sea level relative to the geoid allows us to quantify the geostrophic circulation, including any changes in the flow. Radar altimeters provide an important means of quantifying changes in sea level and sea-ice thickness, although there are increased complexities in the interpretation of their data over such a variable surface. This paper reviews the techniques for deriving useful geophysical information over a mix of leads and ice floes, covering the approaches for both conventional (low rate mode) altimetry and the newer delay-Doppler (Synthetic Aperture Radar) instruments. It discusses the challenges in discriminating the returns from different surfaces, the retracking approaches and the corrections required. The review finishes with a look ahead to how new technologies, analyses and understanding may be expected to improve the monitoring in this critical environment.
Pavement Stripping in Saudi Arabia: Prediction and Prevention

Pavement weathering or stripping is a major distress in highway networks in arid regions. Using the Saudi Arabian road network as a case study area, seventeen road test sections were selected, out of which eight were stripped and nine were non-stripped. Aggregates from quarries used to build these sections were also collected and subjected to detailed physical and chemical tests to evaluate the ability of these tests to distinguish between stripped and non-stripped sections. The modified Lottman test was used to distinguish between compacted mixes. In addition, the Swedish Rolling Bottle test, was also found to be effective in being able to distinguish between different asphalt-aggregates for stripping potential. Eleven anti-stripping liquid additives, lime and cement, in addition to two polymers, were evaluated for their ability to reduce/eliminate stripping potential of stripping-prone aggregates. It was found that EE-2 Polymer, Portland cement, and their combination were effective with all aggregate sources.
A mapping method in uneven terrain based on hand-held laser scanning and PDR

This paper proposes a scheme for mapping in uneven outdoor and undermine environment by combining the use of hand-held laser scanning and inertial measurement unit (IMU). In order to deal with the uneven road surface, a plane mapping algorithm on the laser data was provided. Then two kinds of odometry methods were analysed, one is based on laser scanning and IMU fusion by extended Kalman filter (EKF) ,the other one is an improved pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) algorithm based upon multi-threshold step detection and hybrid heading estimation. Two experiments were performed, one is besides the first floor of the School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics (SESSI) building on the campus of China University of Mining and Technology (CUMT) campus, another is under a gypsum mine located in Shandong Province of China. The results confirm that the PDR algorithm was better in uneven environment to produce the odometry which was used as the input of a map building tool named Gmapping. The proposed scheme can reliably achieve the mapping work in both environments.
DESIGN OF CMOS LOW DROP-OUT REGULATORS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

The advancement in battery operated portable devices, noise sensitive devices and other devices, which need high precision supply voltages has fuelled the growth of Low Drop-Out Regulators. Low Drop-Out Regulators showed advantage over its counterpart. The design of Low Drop-Out Regulators with high performance and less Die area is challenging problem now-a-days. This paper is a study of various techniques that are used to achieve better performance of low drop-out regulators.
Static and Dynamic Path Planning of Humanoids using an Advanced Regression Controller

With an ability to mimic the human behaviour, humanoid robots have become a topic of major interest among research fellows dealing with robotic investigation. The current work is focussed on the design of a novel navigational controller based on the logic of the regression analysis to be used in the path planning and navigation of humanoid robots. In the current investigation, static and dynamic path planning of humanoid NAOs are encountered. The static path planning represents a single NAO navigating through random static obstacles. The dynamic path planning represents multiple humanoid NAOs navigating through random static obstacles and acting as dynamic obstacles for each other. A Petri-Net controller is designed to avoid the collision among the multiple NAOs in dynamic path planning. To reduce the path length and time travel and to provide the shortest possible path, an advanced regression controller is implemented in the NAOs in both simulation and experimental environments. Finally, a comparison has been performed between the simulation and experimental results, and a good agreement is observed between both the results with a minimal percentage of error. The proposed navigational controller is also tested against other existing navigational technologies to validate better efficiency.
Single chondrule K-Ar and Pb-Pb ages of Mexican ordinary chondrites as tracers of extended impact events

There is a good consensus about the age of the most primitive materials in the Solar System represented by carbonaceous chondrites. From these, a canonical age of the Solar System of 4567 Ma has been defined. Nevertheless, the age of the subsequent events that modified the accreted material that formed meteorites has been only partially constrained by geochronological methods. In this work, we report K-Ar and Pb-Pb ages for individual chondrules from eight Mexican chondrites: three H5 (Cosina, Nuevo Mercurio and Aldama), one LL5 (Tuxtuac), one L4 (Zapotitlan Salinas), one L5 (El Pozo), one L6 (Pacula), and one carbonaceous CV3 (Allende). Analysis were performed by using combined isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry and noble gas mass spectrometry. The purpose was to obtain some understanding of the thermal history of these meteorites and their parent bodies. The analyzed chondrules and matrix show a comprehensive K-Ar age range from the Solar System formation to 442 Ma, demonstrating that ordinary chondrites preserve an extensive record of disruption and accretion of their parent bodies. The large time span recorded in the analyzed meteorites suggests that some chondrules were able to maintain a closed isotopic system, whereas the whole rock and other chondrules did not. To explain these ages, we suggest that partial heating from impact events, presumably from protracted bombardment of the parent body surface that also affected the surfaces of the Moon and Mars, is responsible for resetting the K-Ar chronometer. It is remarkable that some of the studied chondrules show pre-solar ages similar to those reported for the Allende meteorite by the Ar-Ar method, implying that primordial bodies incorporated some kind of pre-solar materials, as suggested previously.
Psychological Entitlement and Conscientiousness as Predictors of Socially Responsible Workplace Decisions

Organizations can benefit from identifying job candidates who make good ethical decisions, yet determining such candidates can sometimes be difficult, particularly for smaller organizations that are less likely to have formalized human resource practices or ethical codes of conduct. Such organizations may welcome low cost selection tools that they can use to distinguish ethical decision makers. Building upon agency and stewardship theories, we examine the relationships between conscientiousness, psychological entitlement (PES), and ethical decision-making by conducting two phases of surveys with 64 and 118 potential job seekers. Results suggest that more conscientious individuals are more likely to be aware of the most socially responsible choice for a promotion than their less conscientious counterparts. Participants with lower levels of psychological entitlement are additionally more likely to choose to work for a socially responsible organization, despite the fact that they would be working for less pay. Conscientious individuals could not be distinguished from their less conscientious counterparts when it came to working for less pay for a more socially responsible company. Practical and theoretical implications for small organizations are discussed.
What in-patients want: a qualitative study of what's important to mental health service users in their recovery (Wayfinder Partnership)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a qualitative analysis of the facilitators of recovery in in-patient psychiatric rehabilitation from the service users’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach – Interviews with 31 in-patients were coded and analysed thematically at an interpretive level using an inductive approach. Findings – The dominant themes identified were hope, agency, relationships and opportunity. Totally, 20 subthemes were identified. Agency was more important to men than women and agency, hope and relationships were all more important to detained patients. Research limitations/implications – Interview data were collected in writing rather than taped. The results may not be transferrable to patient populations with significantly different demographic or service factors. Practical implications – Services need to target interventions at the areas identified by service users as important in their recovery. The findings suggest both environmental and relational aspects of care that .
Comparative evaluation of enzyme activities and phenol content of Irish potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) grown under EM and IMO manures Bokashi

Irish potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) is one of the world’s most consumed staple. In order to develop natural fertilizers to increase Irish potato yield, we assessed the use of manures (EM Bokashi and IMO Bokashi, which are cocktail of beneficial bacteria; used as a soil remediation and health measure in many organic farms) on potato tubers in Bambili village in the North West Region of Cameroon, through evaluating biochemical parameters such as the phenol content, and the activities of peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and pectinmethyl esterase (PME) enzymes. In this respect, a land of 18 x 8 m 2 with six plots of 18 beds each was used to cultivate the plant. The plant length and weight of tubers were quantified in the field. Relative to controls (55.96 ± 25.83 cm), both EM and IMO Bokashi produced longer plants (73.85 ± 27.74 cm and 65.25 ± 23.45 cm respectively) but between experimental plants, EM Bokashi led to heavier tuber weights (234 ± 132 g) compared to IMO Bokashi. Interestingly, biochemical analyses showed the highest phenolic content and PME activity in plants treated with EM Bokashi. All treatments significantly increased POX activity while they decreased PPO activity. In addition, significant and positive correlations (P < 0.01) were observed between stem length and PME activity independent of treatment. Plant treated with IMO Bokashi had significant and positive correlations between stem length and weight on the one hand and between stem length and biochemical parameters on the other hand. These findings showed that EM and IMO Bokashi treatments increased the phenol content, PME, PPO and POX activities during the growth of S. tuberosum and can thus be used to improve its growth and productivity. Keywords: Solanum tuberosum , phenol content, biochemical markers, Bokashi manures, productivity
Feature Model Mining

Software systems have grown larger and more complex in recent years. Generative software development strives to automate software development from a systems family by generating implementations using domain-specific languages. In current practice, specifying domain-specific languages is a manual task requiring expert analysis of multiple information sources. Furthermore, the concepts and relations represented in a language are grown through its usage. Keeping the language consistent with its usage is a timeconsuming process requiring manual comparison between the language instances and its language specification. Feature model mining addresses these issues by synthesizing a representative model bottom-up from a sample set of instances called configurations. This thesis presents a mining algorithm that reverse-engineers a probabilistic feature model from a set of individual configurations. A configuration consists of a list of features that are defined as system properties that a stakeholder is interested in. Probabilistic expressions are retrieved from the sample configurations through the use of conjunctive and disjunctive association rule mining. These expressions are used to construct a probabilistic feature model. The mined feature model consists of a hierarchy of features, a set of additional hard constraints and soft constraints. The hierarchy describes the dependencies and alternative relations exhibited among the features. The additional hard constraints are a set of propositional formulas which must be satisfied in a legal configuration. Soft constraints describe likely defaults or common patterns. Systems families are often realized using object-oriented frameworks that provide reusable designs for constructing a family of applications. The mining algorithm is evaluated on a set of applications to retrieve a metamodel of the Java Applet framework. The feature model is then applied to the development of framework-specific modeling languages (FSMLs). FSMLs are domain-specific languages that model the frameworkprovided concepts and their rules for development. The work presented in this thesis provides the foundation for further research in feature model mining. The strengths and weaknesses of the algorithm are analyzed and the thesis concludes with a discussion of possible extensions.
Deep Learning Applications for Autonomous Driving

This thesis investigates the usefulness of deep learning methods for solving two important tasks in the field of driving automation: (i) Road detection, and (ii) driving path generation. Road detection was approached using two strategies: The first one considered a bird's-eye view of the driving scene obtained from LIDAR data, whereas the second carried out camera-LIDAR fusion in the camera perspective. In both cases, road detection was performed using fully convolutional neural networks (FCNs). These two approaches were evaluated on the KITTI road benchmark and achieved state-of-the-art performance, with MaxF scores of 94.07% and 96.03%, respectively. Driving path generation was accomplished with an FCN that integrated LIDAR top-views with GPS-IMU data and driving directions. This system was designed to simultaneously carry out perception and planning using as training data real driving sequences that were annotated automatically. By testing several combinations of input data, it was shown that the FCN having access to all the available sensors and the driving directions obtained the best overall accuracy with a MaxF score of 88.13%, about 4.7 percentage points better than the FCN that could use only LIDAR data.