Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Membrane Filtration Via Various Membrane Types on THMFP Reduction

Natural waters, groundwaters and surface waters, often contain elevated concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM) due to geological composition or biological decomposition of plant and animal material in the water. The most significant component of natural organic matter are humic substances. Humic substances are undesirable in water because they cause appearance of color, taste and smell. Because of their molecule structure (long carbon chains and/or rings, humic substances often bind a variety of contaminants(heavy metals, pesticides). Significant problem is the heightened concentrations of humic substances since they form toxic and carcinogenic by-products trihalomethanes(THMs) during the water disinfection with chlorine. Humic substances are complex mixtures of organic compounds with different structure, molecular weight, number and position of functional groups depending on the origin and age of the organic material, the type of water, environmental and climatic conditions which results in a different reactivity with chlorine so called trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). Membrane processes are efficient methods for ions, colloids and solids removal from water based on their molecular weight and chemical structure. This study investigated the effect of membrane filtration via various membrane types (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes) on THMFP reduction. Effect of membrane type on pH, electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, water hardness and KMnO4 consumption were also analyzed.
USAGE OF MULTIPLE LIDAR SENSORS ON A MOBILE SYSTEM FOR THE DETECTION OF PERSONS WITH IMPLICIT SHAPE MODELS

Abstract. The focus of this paper is the processing of data from multiple LiDAR (light detection and ranging) sensors for the purpose of detecting persons in that data. Many LiDAR sensors (e.g., laser scanners) use a rotating scan head, which makes it difficult to properly timesynchronize multiple of such LiDAR sensors. An improper synchronization between LiDAR sensors causes temporal distortion effects if their data are directly merged. A merging of data is desired, since it could increase the data density and the perceived area. For the usage in person and object detection tasks, we present an alternative which circumvents the problem by performing the merging of multi-sensor data in the voting space of a method that is based on Implicit Shape Models (ISM). Our approach already assumes that there exist some uncertainties in the voting space. Therefore it is robust against additional uncertainties induced by temporal distortions. Unlike many existing approaches for object detection in 3D data, our approach does not rely on a segmentation step in the data preprocessing. We show that our merging of multi-sensor information in voting space has its advantages in comparison to a direct data merging, especially in situations with a lot of distortion effects.
Impacts of landcover changes on streamflows in the Middle Zambezi Catchment within Zimbabwe

Abstract. We investigate the impacts of land cover changes on the river flows of the Middle Zambezi tributary catchments in Zimbabwe. Trend analysis on rainfall and streamflow was carried out using the Mann-Kendall test at monthly and annual time steps. Rainfall analysis indicated an increasing trend which was not statistically significant (p<0.05) for all stations. Annual streamflow time series indicated negative decreasing trends which were not statistically significant (p<0.05) except for the rainfall months of November and December. The study deduced that the changes in rainfall did not affect hydrological catchment behaviour and changes in streamflow were thus caused by anthropogenic factors such as land cover changes. Statistical tests indicated a weak but significant correlation between rainfall and streamflow which also supports the fact that changes in streamflow are mainly driven by land cover changes. Land cover change assessments were done through supervised classification of Landsat images for the years 1989, 1998, 2008 and 2014. All catchments exhibited increases in cultivation area and decreases in forest and grassland. The semi-distributed HBV-Light model was applied for change detection modelling of the gauged Musengezi catchment. We conclude that the HBV Light model can be successfully used to simulate flows for the catchment.
Trajectory Generation from Motion Capture for a Planar Biped Robot in Swing Phase

This paper proposes human motion capture to generate movements for the right leg in swing phase of a biped robot restricted to the sagittal plane. Such movements are defined by time functions representing the desired angular positions for the joints involved. Motion capture performed with a Microsoft Kinect TM camera and from the data obtained joint trajectories were generated to control the robot’s right leg in swing phase. The proposed control law is a hybrid strategy; the first strategy is based on a computed torque control to track reference trajectories, and the second strategy is based on time scaling control ensuring the robot’s balance. This work is a preliminary study to generate humanoid robot trajectories from motion capture.PACS: 87.85. St
ASSOCIATIVE THINKING AS A DESIGN STRATEGY AND ITS RELATION TO CREATIVITY

Associative thinking can help designers to reflect over a problem situation by focusing on unrelated perspectives. During this process, a mapping of high order relations can be established between a source and a target situation. Associative thinking has much to contribute to design in general, and to design creativity in particular. This research centered on a particular form of associative thinking concerned with metaphorical reasoning. The aim was to analyze empirically the relation between associative thinking and creativity. A particular form of associative thinking based on the use of metaphors in the design studio was considered, and its relationship to the four standard creativity factors proposed by Gilford was explored. Results indicated that originality and elaboration were the most dominant factors characterizing metaphorical thinking during the design process. In contrast, fluency and flexibility were the weakest factors, poorly correlated with most variables of metaphorical thinking.Findings from this study have implications not only for design in general, but also for design education.
Quasi-simultaneous determination of U-Pb and Hf isotope compositions of zircon by excimer laser-abla

A method for quasi-simultaneous determination of U-Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions on a single zircon spot is developed, by use of a multiple-collector ICPMS coupled with an excimer laser-ablation system. The ICPMS used in this study is equipped with variable zoom lens to change the dispersion of the analyzer and bring ion beams into the collector coincidentally. This feature allows rapid switching between U-Pb and Hf collector configuration, which is used to quasi-simultaneously determine the zircon U-Pb and Hf isotope compositions. The analytical results on three reference zircon standards, 91500, CZ3 and Plesovice and one nature zircon sample, agree with literature/known values, thereby demonstrating feasibility of the method.
Nonlocality of the density functional for exchange and correlation: Physical origins and chemical consequences

Gradient corrections to the local spin density approximation for the exchange-correlation energy Exc are increasingly useful in quantum chemistry and solid state physics. We present elementary physical arguments which explain the qualitative dependencies of the exchange and correlation energies upon the local density, local spin polarization, and reduced density gradient. The nearly local behavior of the generalized gradient approximation for Exc at valence-electron densities, due to strong cancellation between the nonlocalities of exchange and correlation, is shared by the exact linear response of the uniform electron gas. We further test and develop our rationale for the chemical and solid-state consequences of gradient corrections. We also partially explain the “conjointness” between the exchange energy and the noninteracting kinetic energy, whose generalized gradient approximation is tested here. An appendix presents the full expression for the gradient-corrected correlation potential.
Epiphytic Bacteria of Macroalgae of the Genus Ulva and their Potential inProducing Enzymes Having Biotechnological Interest

Epiphytic Bacteria of Macroalgae of the Genus Ulva and their Potential in Producing Enzymes Having Biotechnological Interest Marine environment represents broad potential for discovering novel enzymes having biochemical and functional properties with added value. Metagenomics approaches have promoted the search for and facilitated the discovery of genes encoding enzymes having particular characteristics. Such approaches have focused on exploring microbial diversity at the functional level, often starting with marine samples. Communities associated with living surfaces, particularly marine macroalgae from the genus Ulva, are known to harbor a great number of associated microorganisms having host-specific colonization patterns and are influenced by the macroalgae’s characteristics, such as cell wall components and defense mechanisms. Monosaccharides, such as rhamnose, xylose, glucose, mannose and galactose, are part of algal polysaccharides constituting the cell wall and the storage material; these algal polysaccharides are a potential source of carbon and energy for numerous marine bacteria. Macroalgal production of these polysaccharides promotes the generation of enzymes synthesized by epiphytic bacteria that are able to degrade a great diversity of compounds. Bacteria associated with macroalgae from the genus Ulva thus represent a source of enzymes having biotechnological interest. Some of the most outstanding discoveries to date are discussed and described in this review.
Photonic bandedge lasers in two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystal slabs

Square-lattice bandedge lasers are realized by room-temperature optical pumping of photonic crystal air-bridge slabs of InGaAsP quantum wells emitting at 1.5 μm. Lasing modes corresponding to the second bandedges near the X and M points are identified from their spectral positions and polarization directions. A low threshold incident pump power of less than 1 mW is achieved for the laser operating at the second bandedge near the X and M points, with only 15×15 lattice points. The measured characteristics of the bandedge lasers closely agree with the result of calculations based on the plane-wave-expansion method and the finite-difference time-domain method.
Supervision Outcomes as Predictor to The Supervisory Relationship and Supervision Contextual Factors: Study on The Internship Trainee Counsellors

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the supervisory relationship and contextual supervision factors on the supervision outcomes among trainee counsellors. Respondents were 120 trainee counsellors and 18 supervisors from four public universities in Malaysia. Eight instruments were used in measuring the variables. The Supervisory Working Alliance Trainee Inventory (SWAI-T) was administered to measure the supervisory working alliance among trainee counsellors and the Role Conflict Role Ambiguity Inventory (RCRAI) was administered to measure the role conflict among trainee counsellors. Meanwhile, the Supervision Interaction Questionnaire - Supervisee and Supervisor Inventory (SIQ-S) was used to measure the interaction between trainee counsellors and supervisor and the Counsellor Rating Form - Short (CRF-S) was used to measure the characteristics of the supervisors in supervision. The Selective Theory Sorter (STS) inventory was used to measure the counselling orientations among the trainee counsellors and supervisors whereas the Multicultural Counselling Knowledge and Awareness Scale (MCKAS) measures the knowledge and awareness toward multicultural counselling among trainee counsellors. The Supervision Outcomes Survey (SOS) and the Counsellor Performance Inventory (CPI) were utilized to measure the satisfaction and performance among trainee counsellors. Results have revealed that there was a significant correlation between the supervisory relationship (supervisees' working alliance, supervisees' role conflict, supervision interaction, supervisors' attributes) and supervision outcomes, r (118) =. 53; p <. 05. Other factors that have contributed to the significant correlations of supervision outcomes were supervisees' working alliance, supervisees' role conflict, and supervisors' attributes, r(120) =. 55; p <. 05; r (120) =. 21; p <. 05; and r (116) =. 50; p <. 05 respectively. However, the result has shown that there was no significant correlation between the supervision contextual factors (supervisees' and supervisors' counselling orientation and supervisees' cultural knowledge and awareness) and supervision outcomes. The Multiple Regression analyses reported that the supervisory relationship had an influence on the supervision outcomes, R2 =. 28, F (1,105) = 40.2, p <. 05. Meanwhile, the supervision contextual factors had no influence on the supervision outcomes. Based on the research findings, the model signified that the supervision process could bring out changes in the supervisees. Practically, the supervisees' working alliance was a significant factor that has influenced the supervisees' development. Therefore, the academic supervisor should consider the supervisees' role conflict, supervision interaction, and supervisors' attributes during supervision. It is recommended that the differences between supervision interaction of the supervisors and the supervisees are to be examined in the future research. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.
Tectonics of complex crater formation as revealed by the Haughton impact structure, Devon Island, Canadian High Arctic

Abstract— The results of a systematic field mapping campaign at the Haughton impact structure have revealed new information about the tectonic evolution of mid‐size complex impact structures. These studies reveal that several structures are generated during the initial compressive outward‐directed growth of the transient cavity during the excavation stage of crater formation: (1) sub‐vertical radial faults and fractures; (2) sub‐horizontal bedding parallel detachment faults; and (3) minor concentric faults and fractures. Uplift of the transient cavity floor toward the end of the excavation stage produces a central uplift. Compressional inward‐directed deformation results in the duplication of strata along thrust faults and folds. It is notable that Haughton lacks a central topographic peak or peak ring. The gravitational collapse of transient cavity walls involves the complex interaction of a series of interconnected radial and concentric faults. While the outermost concentric faults dip in toward the crater center, the majority of the innermost faults at Haughton dip away from the center. Complex interactions between an outward‐directed collapsing central uplift and inward collapsing crater walls during the final stages of crater modification resulted in a structural ring of uplifted, intensely faulted (sub‐) vertical and/or overturned strata at a radial distance from the crater center of ˜5.0–6.5 km. Converging flow during the collapse of transient cavity walls was accommodated by the formation of several structures: (1) sub‐vertical radial faults and folds; (2) positive flower structures and chaotically brecciated ridges; (3) rollover anticlines in the hanging‐walls of major listric faults; and (4) antithetic faults and crestal collapse grabens. Oblique strike‐slip (i.e., centripetal) movement along concentric faults also accommodated strain during the final stages of readjustment during the crater modification stage. It is clear that deformation during collapse of the transient cavity walls at Haughton was brittle and localized along discrete fault planes separating kilometer‐size blocks.
The Genomic Landscape of the Old Order Amish.

vii Chapter 1 . Introduction . 1 1.1 Founder populations and isolates . 1 1.2 Population demography of the Old Order Amish . 1 1.3 Genetic epidemiology in the Old Order Amish . 2 1.4 Organization of this dissertation . 3 1.5 References . 4 Chapter 2 . Extent and Distribution of Linkage Disequilibrium in the Old Order Amish . 7 2.1 Abstract . 7 2.2 Introduction . 8 2.3 Subjects and Methods . 9 2.3.1 Genotyping and QC Methods . 9 2.3.2 Statistical Analyses . 11 2.4 Results . 12 2.5 Discussion . 13 2.6 Acknowledgements . 15 2.7 Tables . 16 2.8 References . 20 iv Chapter 3 . Cataloging rare variants in the Old Order Amish implications for imputation accuracy in isolated populations . 23 3.1 Abstract . 23 3.2 Introduction . 24 3.3 Methods for the analysis of imputation accuracy using simulated data . 26 3.4 Methods for the analysis of imputation accuracy using empirical data . 29 3.5 Results . 30 3.6 Discussion and conclusions . 31 3.7 Acknowledgements . 34 3.8 Tables . 35 3.9 References . 42 Chapter 4 . Genomic estimates of inbreeding in the Old Order Amish. 44 4.1 Abstract . 44 4.2 Introduction . 44 4.3 Study participants and genotype data . 46 4.4 Methods and statistical analyses . 47 4.5 Results . 50 4.5.1 Genomic and pedigree-based estimates of inbreeding . 50 4.5.2 Evaluation of FEstim algorithm . 51 4.5.3 Inference of autozygous segments . 52 4.6 Discussion . 53 4.7 Conclusions . 55 v 4.8 Acknowledgements . 56 4.9 Tables . 57 4.10 References . 61 Chapter 5 . Discussion . 63 5.1 Implications of findings . 63 5.2 Future directions . 65 5.3 References . 67
Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract from the Stem Bark of the Holoptelea integrifolia

The present study was carried out to determine in-vitro antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Holoptelea integrifolia Planch stem bark (HME), which compared with antioxidant compound ascorbic acid. The antioxidant activity of HME was evaluated by measuring inhibition activity of DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide radical and its reducing power activity. The HME at different concentration (10-100 μg/ml) exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 17.07 to 69.78% inhibition, while ascorbic acid from 22.36 to 93.68% inhibition respectively. HME also exhibited nitric oxide and superoxide radical scavenging activity in the range of 25.23 to 77.01 % inhibition and 15.51 to 64.35 % inhibition respectively. The IC 50 values of HME for DPPH, nitric oxide and superoxide radical were found to be 53.67, 45.46, and 64. 05μg/ml. However for ascorbic acid were 33.67, 24.94, 48.59 μg/ml respectively. Reducing power activity of extract was increased with increase in concentration. At higher concentration reducing power activity of HME was 1.199 respectively. Total phenolic content of the methanolic extract H. integrifolia was measured by using Folin–Ciocalteau reagent. The total phenolic content of aqueous extract of H. integrifolia was found to be 91.18±0.14 mg GAE/g.The results obtained from the study indicate that HME are a potential source of natural antioxidants.
Born Globals from the Resource-Based Theory: A Case Study in Colombia

This paper describes how a born global firm goes into international market from inception at its early years. The objective of this paper is to analyze from the resource-based theory how a born global firm engages in international market. This empirical investigation has been carried out as an explorative single-case study, a high-tech firm, Digital Partner, based in Medellin, Antioquia. The main findings of the research show that organizational capabilities based on intellectual capital are crucial for the development of a born global. Thus, capabilities such as entrepreneurship, global vision, internationally market knowledge, learning management, IT capabilities, technological innovation, collaborative work, networks and customer orientation are recurrent and they correspond to other similar research results. Contributions of the study are both academic (for the advance of the research in born global field) and practical (for the design of governmental policies to foster born global firms).
An Experimental evaluation of Adaptive Real Time Web Crawler

The internet is a vague collection of web pages containing vague amount of information arranged in multiple servers. The mere size of this collection is a daunting obstacle in getting necessary and relevant information. This is where search engines come into view which strives to retrieve relevant information and serve it to the user. A Web Crawler is one of the basic blocks of search engines. It is a program which browses the World Wide Web for the purpose of Web indexing and storing the data in a database for further analysis and arrangement of the data. This paper is being aimed to create an adaptive real time web crawler (ARTWC) which retrieves the web links from a dataset and then achieves fast in-site searching by extracting most relevant links with a flexible and dynamic link re-ranking scheme. Our system deduces that it is more effective than existing baseline crawlers along with an increased coverage.
Probing the molecular interactions between CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and the tripeptidomimetic antagonist KRH‐ 1636

We here report an experimentally verified binding mode for the known tripeptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonist KRH‐1636 (1). A limited structure‐activity relationship study was first conducted based on the three functionalities of KRH‐1636, followed by site‐directed mutagenesis studies. The receptor mapping showed that both the potency and affinity of KRH‐1636 were dependent on the receptor residues His113 (III:05), Asp171 (IV:20), Asp262 (VI:23), and His281 (VII:‐02). The potency was also found to depend on Tyr45 (I:07) and Gln200 (V:05), while binding affinity was also affected by mutation of Tyr116 (III:08) and Glu288 (VII:06). Molecular docking of KRH‐1636 to the X‐ray structure of CXCR4 showed that the L‐Arg guanidino group of KRH‐1636 forms polar interactions with His113 and Asp171, the (pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)amino moiety is anchored by Asp262 and His281, while the naphthalene ring is tightly packed in a hydrophobic network formed by the aromatic side chains of Trp94 (II:20), Tyr45 (I:07), and Tyr116 (III:08). The detailed picture of ligand‐ receptor interactions provided here will assist in structure‐based design and further development of small‐molecule peptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonists.
Zulliger (CS) in assessing the relational maturity of children

Relational maturity is an important aspect to be considered in the evaluation of children. Its development in children is considered related to sex and chronological age. The present study aimed to seek evidence of validity for the Zulliger test (Comprehensive System - CS) in the evaluation of maturity for interpersonal relationships in children. A total of 566 children, both sexes, of which 52.8% were girls, were submitted to the Zulliger test (CS). For comparison according to age, a subsample was extracted, composed of two groups of six and 12-year-olds, totaling 115 children. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the variables H, (H), A, Ad, (A), M, FC and AG. Results show findings in favor of using the Zulliger test (CS) in the evaluation of maturity for interpersonal relationships in children.