Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CASE STUDY INVERSION OF AN ANOMALY DUE TO REMANENT MAGNETIZATION

Magnetic field inversion allowing freedom in direction of magnetization has become much more widely used lately, despite having only recently been considered impractical or at best unreliable. Uncertainty in direction of magnetization which drives the requirement for this capability arises from the contribution to the magnetization of a rock from remanent magnetization oriented in an unknown direction. The scalar Koenigsberger ratio of the strength of remanent to induced magnetization is insufficient to characterize this vector relationship, and I suggest that this be supplemented with the apparent resultant rotation angle (ARRA), which is a measure of difference between the local geomagnetic field and resultant (total) magnetization direction. I present case studies which show that for well-defined and well-isolated compact anomalies, there is considerable stability of estimated magnetization direction. A case study of a more complex distribution of multiple magnetizations illustrates that complexity can be managed with user-guided inversion. I suggest that some rotation of magnetization away from the present field direction is the norm rather than a special case, and that most magnetic field inversion studies would benefit from at least inspection and consideration of an optimum magnetization direction solution in addition to standard inducedmagnetization-only solutions that are commonly generated. Recovery of magnetization direction from magnetic field analysis or inversion is strongly dependent on the distribution of magnetization, with elongate sheets posing particular difficulties. This study shows that inversions are capable of recovering consistent estimates of magnetization direction, regardless of shape detail for elongations of up to six times the closest approach of measurement.
ENHANCING COHERENT HARMONIC GENERATION USING TILTED

Coherent Harmonic Generation (CHG) to produce ultrashort pulses of synchrotron radiation is based on the interaction of relativistic electrons in a storage ring with femtosecond laser pulses in an undulator. The resulting periodic energy modulation is converted into a density modulation by a dispersive chicane, giving rise to coherent emission at harmonics of the laser wavelength in a second undulator. If the first undulator is in a section with non-zero dispersion, the density modulation can be enhanced using tilted laser wavefronts, thus delaying the phase-space distributions of electrons with different energy with respect to each other. The most simple way to produce a wavefront tilt would be a small crossing angle between the electron and laser beam. Details are discussed for the case of the CHG short-pulse facility at DELTA, a 1.5-GeV synchrotron light source at the TU Dortmund University, but HGHG and EEHG seeding of free-electron lasers could also be enhanced this way.
Ethical Standards of Fairness and Objectivity and Journalism Practice in Nigeria: Views from Anambra State

The study entitled Ethical Standards of Fairness and Objectivity and Journalism Practice in Nigeria: Views from Anambra State was aimed at determining the extent of observance of ethical principles among practicing journalists in Nigeria. The survey of 206 media workers, teachers and postgraduate students of mass communication purposively drawn from Anambra State, used the questionnaire and interview in data collection, and adopted the percentage method in data analysis. Findings reveal that most journalists in Nigeria observe journalistic ethics of fairness and objectivity in their professional practice. Findings however show that observance of ethical standards by journalists was not at all times. Finding further shows that privately owned media workers were more forthright in observing ethical principles of fairness and objectivity (particularly in political electioneering campaign reports) than government-owned media workers. The researchers recommended that all journalists should endeavour to observe the code of professional ethics in the discharge of their professional duties for better journalism practice in Nigeria.
Shear Strength Evaluation for RC Shear Walls With Multi-Openings Based on FEM Analysis

Two dimensional non-linear finite element analyses for reinforced concrete shear walls with two openings were conducted to investigate the shear force contributions and internal stress transferring mechanisms. Parametrical analyses were also conducted for the shear walls with several opening layouts. The analytical results showed that compressive diagonal struts transferring shear forces were formed in each wall element and their shape depended on the wall panel length, regardless of opening layouts and loading directions. Then, it was clarified that the contribution to shear force of each wall element increased with the increase of the wall panel length, and also that the boundary column with tensile forces contributed only about 10% or less of the maximum shear force. On the basis of the analytical results, a simplified shear resistant model for shear walls with multi-openings was proposed. It was clarified that the shear strength of RC shear walls with multi-openings can be evaluated by the proposed model.
Endogenous Capital Accumulation , Heterogeneous Firms , and International Trade Working Paper

This paper builds a dynamic general equilibrium trade model, in which intermediate goods are produced and traded in a Melitz (2003) type sector. These intermediate goods are used in the production of a final good, which can be used for consumption, capital accumulation, or investment in firm entry. Therefore capital accumulation is the direct alternative to investing in firm entry. This has a number of implications. First, in the short run following trade liberalizations a higher interest rate will prevail, which will tend to shelter incumbent firms from increased competition by discouraging investment in firm entry. Second, periods of zero entry into the intermediate good sector can arise as a consequence of the sunk nature of investments in firms leading households to be at a corner solution in their investment decision. Third, different liberalizations with the same impact on the share of expenditure on domestic variety will have different effects on consumption, both during transitions and in steady-state, through their different effects on aggregate investment. In effect, capital accumulation will generate rich adjustment dynamics both at the aggregate level and at the firm level of the economy. Further, the study of transitions in this framework provides important insights regarding the effects of different trade liberalizations in general and on welfare and individual firms in particular. JEL codes: F12, F14, F41
Using magneto-spectroscopy to investigate two dimensional Dirac and normal fermions

Magnetoabsorption and magnetophotoluminescence have been used to probe the physics of two dimensional Dirac and normal fermions in a number of different material systems. In GaAs quantum wells, the integer and fractional quantum Hall effect has been investigated for normal fermions. Our results show the importance of many body interactions in such systems. Notably, absorption to higher empty Landau levels is suppressed due to the Fermi edge singularity. The behaviour of the N = 0 Landau level is particular in that absorption can occur to both Zeeman levels for almost all filling factors 0 < ν < 2 in contradiction to the expectations of the single electron picture. The system is fully spin polarized only at filling factor ν = 1 and at very low temperatures (∼ 40 mK). A small change in filling factor (δν ≈ ±0.01) leads to a significant depolarization. This suggests that the itinerant quantum Hall ferromagnet at ν = 1 is surprisingly fragile against increasing temperature, or against small changes in filling factor. In the vicinity of filling factor ν = 5/2, we observe a sharp discontinuity in the energy of the zero Landau level emission line. We find that the splitting between the σ+ and σ− polarizations exhibits a sharp drop at ν = 5/2 and is equal to the bare Zeeman energy, which resembles the behavior at even filling factors. This behavior is consistent with filling factor ν = 5/2 being unpolarized in contradiction to Moore-Reed theory. Dirac fermions at the K and K ′ points in multi-layer graphene have been investigated using magnetoabsorption. The low-energy part of the spectrum of electrons in graphene is well described by the relativistic Dirac equation with a linear dispersion relation. However, at higher energies (> 500 meV) a deviation from the ideal behavior of Dirac particles is observed. At an energy of 1.25 eV, the deviation from linearity is ' 40 meV. This result is in good agreement with the theoretical model, which includes trigonal warping of the Fermi surface and higher order band corrections. Polarization-resolved measurements show no observable electron-hole asymmetry. Finally, magnetoabsorption measurements in magnetic fields in the range B = 20− 60 T have been performed to probe the Dirac fermions at the H point and normal fermions at the K-point in natural graphite. At the H-point, two series of Landau level transitions, whose energy evolves as √ B are observed. A reduced Slonczewski, Weiss and McClure (SWM) model with only two parameters to describe the intra-layer (γ0) and inter-layer (γ1) coupling correctly describes all observed transitions. Polarization resolved measurements confirm that the observed apparent splitting of the H-point transitions at high magnetic field cannot be attributed to an asymmetry of the Dirac cone.
Motivated by the detection of a millimetric tsunami following the deep earthquake of 2013 May 24 in the Sea of Okhotsk

S U M M A R Y Motivated by the detection of a millimetric tsunami following the deep earthquake of 2013 May 24 in the Sea of Okhotsk (depth 603 km; record moment M0 = 3.95 × 1028 dyn cm), we present a number of theoretical studies of the influence of source depth, zs, on the excitation of tsunamis by dislocation sources. In the framework of the static deformation of an elastic half-space, we show that the energy available for tsunami excitation by a seismic source whose depth is significantly greater than source dimensions is expected to vary as M2 0 /z 2 s , in contrast to the classical scaling as M 0 for shallow sources. This is verified by numerical simulations based on the MOST algorithm, which also confirm the interpretation of the millimetric signals observed on DART sensors during the 2013 event. The normal-mode formalism, which considers tsunamis as a special branch of the spheroidal oscillations of the Earth in the presence of a water layer at its surface, also predicts an M2 0 /z 2 s scaling for point source double-couples, and confirms millimetric amplitudes in the geometry of the DART buoys having recorded the 2013 Okhotsk tsunami. A general investigation of potential tsunami excitation as a function of depth for realistic intermediate and deep sources suggests the admittedly remote possibility of damaging events if deep earthquakes even greater than the 2013 event could occur at the bottom of Wadati-Benioff zones.
P o S ( Q N P 2 0 1 2 ) 1 2 6 The ρ meson mass spectrum using soft-wall QCD

Meson spectroscopy within the frame of the soft-wall AdS/QCD, became one of the most interesting topics of particle physics in the last six years. In this work we analyze the mass spectrum of the ρ vector meson, using a very simple modification of the background dilaton gauge field within the soft-wall AdS/QCD model. Aim of this work is that using a positive z-depended dilaton gauge field, even with that simple modification, the correct Regge trajectories can be reproduced without problems with massless modes in the vector sector. To reinforce the results, we compare the proposed model with the experimental data. This comparison returns an error less than 1% for the high ρ masses.
Inference of Tree Data Structure Invariant based on Language Identification from Samples

We propose a method to infer invariants of tree data structures for higher-order functional programs. The method uses a machine learning technique for identifying a regular tree language from samples. The proposed method is combined with a recent technique for program verification based on higher-order model checking, yielding a fullyautomated verification method for higher-order, tree-processing functional programs. We have implemented the prototype verifier and conducted preliminary experiments.
Effects of Mass Flow Rate Imbalance Among Petals During ! " Measurements of ITER TF Short Samples in SULTAN L

Since year 2009, the joint of the toroidal field (TF) conductor samples tested in the SULTAN facility at PSI Villigen, CH, is solder-filled, so that the helium coolant can only flow axially inside the central channel. The latter is however plugged starting 40–45 mm downstream of the joint. The helium has then to pass from the central channel into the annular cable region over such a short length that the desired homogeneity of the flow distribution among the petals in the high field region is not guaranteed a priori, since central helix and petal wrappings act as azimuthally non-uniform obstacles to the radial flow. In the paper we first present a geometrical model for estimating this interference to the radial flow, and combine it with a CFD (ANSYS-FLUENT) model of the hydraulic effect of the plug, in order to estimate the mass flow rate imbalance among the petals at the beginning of the plug. This is then used as boundary condition by the THELMA code, to parametrically assess the results of a
ITERATIVE PROCESSES AND PADÉ APPROXIMANTS

In many application oriented researches the initial coefficients characterizng a discontinuity of the governing differential equations (for instance, caused by the dry friction) are often substituted by the continuous functions (approximations). One of the effective methods to use the described methodology is that related to introducing a formal small (perturbation) parameter, and then to carry out the successive iterations due to this parameter. In this paper we show, that a combination of the mentioned iterative procedure with the Padé approximants leads to a drastic decrease of the number of iterations.
VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií Ústav telekomunikací

This thesis deals with the fundamental building blocks of cryptographic systems for the protection of digital identity, especially with the cryptographic proofs of knowledge. The first part of the text contains the description and analysis of primitives used during the construction of modern protocols, in particular the cryptographic commitment schemes, interactive proof systems, Σ-protocols and proofs of knowledge. The analysis of primitives allows readers to understand current proposals of protocols and schemes for the digital identity protection, such as authentication, identification, access control systems, and systems with enhanced privacy protection, such as attribute-based authentication systems or anonymous credentials. The first part of the text, which is written as a complex introduction to the area of cryptographic protection of digital identity, contains also the current state analysis. In the next chapters, own cryptographic schemes based on aforementioned primitives are proposed. The schemes for physical access control, attribute-based authentication and secure data collection are specified. Using the proposals, the modularity and versatility of the primitives are demonstrated in various applications. The main contributions of the schemes are novel privacy-enhancing features and features for the identification of malicious users using revocation and de-anonymization methods. The existing systems either lack these features completely or provide only inefficient solutions that cannot be implemented on real devices. The efficiency of our methods is proven in the final chapter devoted to implementation aspects.
Transdisciplinarity as Methodological Framework for Going Beyond the Science-Religion Debate

In his contribution, Piaget gives the following description of transdisciplinarity: "Finally, we hope to see succeeding to the stage of interdisciplinary relations a superior stage, which should be "transdisciplinary", i.e. which will not be limited to recognize the interactions and or reciprocities between the specialized researches, but which will locate these links inside a total system without stable boundaries between the disciplines". This description is vague, but has the merit of pointing to a new space of knowledge “without stable boundaries between the disciplines”. However, the idea of a “total system” opens the trap of transforming transdisciplinarity in a superor hyperdiscipline, a kind of “science of sciences”. In other words the description of Piaget leads to a closed system, in contradiction with his own requirement of the instability of boundaries between disciplines. The key-point here is the fact that Piaget retained only the meanings “across” and “between” of the Latin prefix trans, eliminating the meaning “beyond”. In such a way, transdisciplinarity is just a new, but “superior” stage, of interdisciplinarity. I think that Piaget was fully conscious of this alteration of transdisciplinarity, but the intellectual climate was not yet prepared for receiving the shock of contemplating the possibility of a space of knowledge beyond the disciplines. The proof is that, in his introduction to the Proceedings of the workshop, Pierre Duguet honestly recognizes that some experts wanted, in preliminary meetings, to see the word “transdisciplinarity” in the title of the workshop, but authorities of the OECD refused to do so, because they were afraid to confuse some representatives of the member countries.
Thorpe Extensive genetic divergence between populations of the common intertidal sea anemone Actinia equina from Britain , the Mediterranean and the Cape Verde Islands

Samples of apparently similar red morphs of the common beadlet sea anemone Actinia equina (L.) were collected from rocky shores on the Isle of Man (Irish Sea), on the French Mediterranean coast near Marseille and on the Cape Verde Island of Sal (o West Africa). For additional comparison an orange morph and the green A. prasina were also collected from the Isle of Man. Morphological descriptions were made and the samples were compared by nematocyst analysis and enzyme electrophoresis. The three British samples showed little genetic divergence I > 0:90 but the Mediterranean sample was hugely divergent (I < 0:20) from the British ones. The Cape Verde Island anemones were also very dierent (I < 0:60) from all other samples. It is concluded that the red morph samples from the Cape Verde Islands, the Mediterranean and the Isle of Man belong to three dierent species. For the new species from the Mediterranean and Cape Verde Islands formal descriptions are given, and the names Actinia schmidti sp.n. and Actinia sali sp.n. are proposed.
13 Mindful Mindlessness in Goal Pursuit

Mindfulness is the process of drawing novel distinctions (e.g., Langer 1992). Processing information mindfully requires that attention be administered as devoid of preexisting appraisals and categories as possible. In doing so, the mindful individual is able to make direct contact with the external world rather than experiencing stimuli through the lens of a preexisting filter. Mindlessness, on the other hand, is the process of using preexisting rules and routines without considering aspects of the current situation that may be different from those prescribed by the preexisting schema. To practice mindfulness, one must create new categories, be open to new information, and maintain awareness of more than one perspective (Langer, 1989). By the creation of new categories, problems are solved effectively and creatively. For example, a mindful approach to the question of who to hire as a computer programmer in a noisy work environment may bring to light that a deaf applicant may be better qualified than a hearing applicant of equal programming ability (Langer, 1989). Mindfulness can also manifest as freeing oneself from functional fixedness such that one is able to see multiple, creative uses for an object that is typically used only for one: a bicycle bell is a doorknob, a key can function like a knife. When one is mindful of the environment, it’s not that one has a hammer and everything is a nail, so to speak, but rather, with mindfulness, everything is a Swiss army knife. When one is open to new information, categories do not have to be considered exclusive definitions. For example, in teaching students the definition of a concept or a word, it is better to replace the common definition structure of “X is Y” with “X can be Y” to allow students to draw novel analogies and conjure up clever examples of the phenomenon instead of only those most common or prototypical (Langer,
Quantitative analysis of the perfusion in the kidneys , liver , pancreas , small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes in healthy cats using contrast enhanced ultrasound

þÿ L e i n o n e n , M R , R a e k a l l i o , M , V a i n i o , O , R u o h o n i e m i , M , B i l l e r , D S & O B r i e n , R T 2010 , ' Quantitative analysis of the perfusion in the kidneys, liver, pancreas, small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes in healthy cats using contrast enhanced ultrasound ' , þÿ A m e r i c a n J o u r n a l o f V e t e r i n a r y R e s e a r c h , v o l 7 1 , n o . 1 1 , p p . 1 3 0 5 1 3 1 1 .
Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp . on growing , rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens 1

Moraes D.M. C. , Andrade M.A, Duarte S.C. , Bastos T.S. A. , Arnhold E. , Jayme V.S. & Nunes J.A. 2016. Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp. on growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 36(6):503-508. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Avenida Esperança s/n, Campus Universitário, Goiânia, GO 74690.900, Brazil. E-mail: tsabvet@gmail.com This present study was developed with the objective of detect Salmonella sp. by conventional bacteriology and qPCR techniques in samples of flooring material from transport crates (meconium); raising environment (swab of cages and drinking fountains); cloacal swab; food and insects from growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens. A total of 864 samples were collected, among whom 248 originated from growing, 392 from rearing and 224 from production phase. Among the 864 samples, 2,8% where positives in bacteriologic technique and 15.3% in qPCR. Contamination was higher in growing and rearing phases and declined in production phase. Twenty four isolations of Salmonella where typified as Salmonella Agona (41.7%), Salmonella Livingstone (33.3%), Salmonella Cerro (16.7%), Salmonella Senftenberg (4.2%) and Salmonella Schwarzengrund (4.2%). During growing phase Salmonella Livingstone was identified. These findings suggest vertical contamination in the group. During rearing and production phases, isolated materials belong to serovars Agona, Cerro, Senftenberg and Schwarzengrund, pointing to horizontal contamination. It is possible to conclude that both vertical and horizontal contaminations are important during the cycle of commercial egg production and contamination in rearing phase is higher than in growing and production phases.