Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault tolerant system design using adaptive estimation and control

Stimulated by the growing demand for improving system performance and reliability, fault tolerant system design has been receiving significant attention. This dissertation investigates the development of fault tolerant control methodologies using adaptive estimation and control approaches based on the on-line learning capabilities of neural networks or fuzzy systems. The objective is to detect the changes of system conditions and the occurrence of faults, and to “reconfigure” (adjust) a controller so as to retain satisfactory system performance in the presence of a variety of system uncertainties such as disturbances, faults, and time-varying dynamics. To achieve the above goal a hierarchical learning structure is first developed with neural/fuzzy and immunity-based hybrid learning methods for structure and parameter adjustment. These nonlinear system modeling methods serve as a foundation for fault tolerant system design by characterizing the dynamics of the target nonlinear system. Next, on-line approximation based stable adaptive neural/fuzzy control is studied for a class of input-output feedback linearizable time-varying nonlinear systems. This class of systems is large enough so that it is not only of theoretical interest but also of practical applicability. Both indirect and direct adaptive control schemes have been studied and the results have also been extended to a class of interpolated nonlinear systems so as to deal with fast time-varying dynamics by exploiting the inherent system structure. Although the adaptive controller developed with these approaches is capable of serving as a fault tolerant controller, its performance can be further improved by exploiting information estimated from a fault diagnosis unit. This model-based fault estimation system is designed by interfacing multiple models with an expert supervisory scheme and then incorporating this into an adaptive controller to achieve integrated fault tolerant control. The effectiveness of the proposed integrated fault tolerant control methodologies has been demonstrated by applying the approaches to the component level model simulation of the General Electric XTE46 jet engine. Furthermore, theoretical analysis has been given to study system performance including robustness, fault sensitivity, stability, and convergence.
Wide to multiband reconfigurable antenna

A wideband antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) with reconfigurable function is presented. The wideband function is achieved from 1.39 GHz to 8.11 GHz using an elliptical radiator with a CPW feed line. Meanwhile, three pairs of slot dipoles which are fed by CPW are used to achieve triple‐band function at 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5.2 GHz. Four ideal switches are placed on the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna is designed, simulated, fabricated and tested. All simulated and measured results of return loss, radiation pattern and gain are presented. Good results of return loss and radiation pattern are obtained thus verifying that the proposed antenna is suitable for future multimode radio systems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2079–2082, 2016
Reconstrução do complexo areolo-papilar: do que dispomos atualmente? Nipple-areola complex reconstruction: What we have today?

Reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex concludes breast reconstruction after mastectomy. This procedure improves patient satisfaction. This phase is critical to add realism and symmetry to the breast. Among the various techniques described, the use of local flaps presents better results, despite the disadvantages as excessive loss of nipple projection and technical difficulty in reconstructed breasts with silicone implants, due to little subcutaneous fat. The purpose of this article is to review the techniques currently available to nipple-areola complex reconstruction.
Analysis and design of a highly efficient and versatile DC-DC converter

ii ABSTRACT The thrive of battery-operated devices and connected devices with the vision of Internet-of-Things (IOT) calls for efficient and versatile Direct Current to Direct Current (DC-DC) converters to fulfil the ever-growing power demand. Adaptive on-time (AOT) control of DC-DC converters has the advantages of simple structure, good light load efficiency and fast response to load step. The purpose of this research is to develop AOT control in two areas: digital control for its process scalability and flexibility, and ultra-low-power operation. Novel circuit blocks and techniques have been developed to improve the performance of AOT control, which are listed as follows. For data conversion required by digital control, a flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using NOR gates as comparators has been proposed and verified by simulation and a prototype chip using 0.35 μm CMOS process. The advantages of the proposed ADC include low power, high speed and small silicon area. Two methods have been proposed to achieve near optimum load transient response: level-based multi-loop control and body-brake. Level-based multi-loop control is able to achieve near minimum output voltage deviation during load transient using a simple algorithm. A new detection method is proposed for body-brake technique to further improve the unloading response. A counter-based dead-time optimization method has been proposed to improve conversion efficiency under heavy load. Under specific simulation conditions, 2.3% efficiency improvement has been observed. In the study of ultra-low-power operation, we further develop the existing method of duty-cycled operation that dynamically changes the system operation frequency with a low-power relaxation oscillator. The duty-cycled operation is
Structure of iso-scalar sets

Abstract An analytical framework is proposed to explore the structure and kinematics of iso-scalar fields. It is based on a two-point statistical analysis of the phase indicator field which is used to track a given iso-scalar volume. The displacement speed of the iso-surface, i.e. the interface velocity relative to the fluid velocity, is explicitly accounted for, thereby generalizing previous two-point equations dedicated to the phase indicator in two-phase flows. Although this framework applies to many transported quantities, we here focus on passive scalar mixing. Particular attention is paid to the effect of Reynolds (the Taylor based Reynolds number is varied from 88 to 530) and Schmidt numbers (in the range 0.1 to 1), together with the influence of flow and scalar forcing. It is first found that diffusion in the iso-surface tangential direction is predominant, emphasizing the primordial influence of curvature on the displacement speed. Second, the appropriate normalizing scales for the two-point statistics at either large, intermediate and small scales are revealed and appear to be related to the radius of gyration, the surface density and the standard deviation of mean curvature, respectively. Third, the onset of an intermediate ‘scaling range’ for the two-point statistics of the phase indicator at sufficiently large Reynolds numbers is observed. The scaling exponent complies with a fractal dimension of 8/3. A scaling range is also observed for the transfer of iso-scalar fields in scale space whose exponent can be estimated by simple scaling arguments and a recent closure of the Corrsin equation. Fourth, the effects of Reynolds and Schmidt numbers together with flow or scalar forcing on the different terms of the two-point budget are highlighted.
A CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR MIMU SENSORS ALLOWING FOR THE CALCULATION OF ELBOW ANGLES

Non-optical wearable sensors such as magnetic and inertial measurement units (MIMUs) are gaining popularity in sport and clinical settings owing to their ease of application, relative affordability and potential for improved ecological validity. We propose a method for the standardised reference calibration of a simple two-sensor MIMU system for the estimation of anatomically meaningful elbow kinematics. The participant poses with the elbow at 90° flexion and neutral (0°) pronation, allowing for the relative orientation of the MIMU on the forearm to be determined with reference to the MIMU located on the arm. Comparisons were with traditional kinematic marker method results. Root mean squared errors of less than 1° in flex/ext and < 2° (pro/sup) found in simple movements. Results with simple movements provide rationale to expand research to complex movements.
Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CCFP CBK

Cyber forensic knowledge requirements have expanded and evolved just as fast as the nature of digital information hasrequiring cyber forensics professionals to understand far more than just hard drive intrusion analysis. The Certified Cyber Forensics Professional (CCFPSM) designation ensures that certification holders possess the necessary breadth, depth of knowledge, and analytical skills needed to address modern cyber forensics challenges.Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CCFP CBK supplies an authoritative review of the key concepts and requirements of the Certified Cyber Forensics Professional (CCFP) Common Body of Knowledge (CBK). Encompassing all of the knowledge elements needed to demonstrate competency in cyber forensics, it covers the six domains: Legal and Ethical Principles, Investigations, Forensic Science, Digital Forensics, Application Forensics, and Hybrid and Emerging Technologies.Compiled by leading digital forensics experts from around the world, the book provides the practical understanding in forensics techniques and procedures, standards of practice, and legal and ethical principles required to ensure accurate, complete, and reliable digital evidence that is admissible in a court of law.This official guide supplies a global perspective of key topics within the cyber forensics field, including chain of custody, evidence analysis, network forensics, and cloud forensics. It also explains how to apply forensics techniques to other information security disciplines, such as e-discovery, malware analysis, or incident response.Utilize this book as your fundamental study tool for achieving the CCFP certification the first time around. Beyond that, it will serve as a reliable resource for cyber forensics knowledge throughout your career.
Parametric distribution approach for flow availability in small hydro potential analysis

Small hydro system is one of the important sources of renewable energy and it has been recognized worldwide as clean energy sources. Small hydropower generation system uses the potential energy in flowing water to produce electricity is often questionable due to inconsistent and intermittent of power generated. Potential analysis of small hydro system which is mainly dependent on the availability of water requires the knowledge of water flow or stream flow distribution. This paper presented the possibility of applying Pearson system for stream flow availability distribution approximation in the small hydro system. By considering the stochastic nature of stream flow, the Pearson parametric distribution approximation was computed based on the significant characteristic of Pearson system applying direct correlation between the first four statistical moments of the distribution. The advantage of applying various statistical moments in small hydro potential analysis will have the ability to analyze the variation shapes of stream flow distribution.
Ferric Carboxymaltose Improves the Quality of Life of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Iron Deficiency without Anaemia

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) without anaemia is a common comorbidity associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that has a negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: This multicentre, prospective, observational study examined the response to, safety of and impact on HRQoL of a single 500 mg dose of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in patients with IBD and ID without anaemia. The diagnostic criteria for ID were low serum ferritin (<30 µg/L in the absence of inflammatory activity or <100 µg/L with inflammation) and transferrin saturation index (TSAT) < 16%. The effect on iron levels and HRQoL, according to the health status questionnaires SF-12v2 and EQ-5D, was evaluated 1 month after FCM infusion in an outpatient setting. Results: Of the 105 patients who received FCM, 98 patients completed the study. After 1 month, a single dose of FCM significantly increased serum ferritin, serum iron and TSAT. Importantly, patients reported fewer ID symptoms and problems on all EQ-5D dimensions. They also had higher EQ-5D visual analogue scale and SF-12v2 scores after treatment. FCM had similar clinical effects on men and women and on patients with Crohn’s disease (n = 66) and ulcerative colitis (n = 32). Conclusion: A single dose of FCM rapidly restored iron parameters and significantly improved patients’ symptoms and HRQoL at 1 month after treatment.
Comparative Analysis of Structural Features in SLiMs from Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and Viruses with Importance for Host-Pathogen Interactions

Protein-protein interactions drive functions in eukaryotes that can be described by short linear motifs (SLiMs). Conservation of SLiMs help illuminate functional SLiMs in eukaryotic protein families. However, the simplicity of eukaryotic SLiMs makes them appear by chance due to mutational processes not only in eukaryotes but also in pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Further, functional eukaryotic SLiMs are often found in disordered regions. Although proteomes from pathogenic bacteria and viruses have less disorder than eukaryotic proteomes, their proteins can successfully mimic eukaryotic SLiMs and disrupt host cellular function. Identifying important SLiMs in pathogens is difficult but essential for understanding potential host-pathogen interactions. We performed a comparative analysis of structural features for experimentally verified SLiMs from the Eukaryotic Linear Motif (ELM) database across viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Our results revealed that many viral SLiMs and specific motifs found across viruses and eukaryotes, such as some glycosylation motifs, have less disorder. Analyzing the disorder and coil properties of equivalent SLiMs from pathogens and eukaryotes revealed that some motifs are more structured in pathogens than their eukaryotic counterparts and vice versa. These results support a varying mechanism of interaction between pathogens and their eukaryotic hosts for some of the same motifs.
Mathematical simulation of wet spinning coagulation process: Dynamic modeling and numerical results

A dynamic model of polymer wet spinning coagulation process is proposed in this article. The model is based on the double diffusion phenomenon, phase separation process, continuity balance, and momentum balance of the entire coagulation process. The uniqueness of the model lies in its dynamic feature. The model can simulate the system's dynamic response to variations in system inputs/parameters. Steady-state system solutions can also be produced as the long-time solutions of the dynamic model; a settling time can be observed at the same time. This paper employs a computationally efficient method of lines numerical algorithm for solving the dynamic model. A simulation experiment on a selected non-solvent-solvent-polymer ternary system is carried out to verify the model as well as the numerical method. The dynamic simulation results are analyzed and discussed. At the end of the article, h-refinement and p-refinement are used to confirm the spatial convergence of the numerical solutions. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 3432–3440, 2016
Machine Learning-Based Emotion Factor Analysis of Sport Fan Community

Football is one of the most popular sports in the world. As the popularity of football continues to grow worldwide, so does the number of incidents of violence on the pitch. Today, doping, match fixing, black whistles, and football hooliganism are ranked as the four most toxic aspects of sport. How to study the factors that cause aggressive behaviour of fans from a psychological perspective has become a key issue in the field of sports. Therefore, this study proposes a method for mining the psychological factors of sport fan community members based on machine learning clustering. Firstly, three different members of a large fan community, i.e., university students, office workers, and unemployed people, are used as research subjects to investigate the psychological factors influencing fans’ aggressive behaviour using a questionnaire method. Secondly, the data obtained were mined and analysed using the K-means clustering algorithm in machine learning techniques. At the same time, a K-means initial clustering centre optimization algorithm based on principal component analysis (PCA) was proposed for the data characteristics of the interaction of psychological factors. The results show that the new algorithm significantly improves the quality of clustering compared with other optimization algorithms and accurately identifies the multiple factors that contribute to the occurrence of fan attacks.
HSV-1 Infection of Epithelial Dendritic Cells Is a Critical Strategy for Interfering with Antiviral Immunity

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), an α subgroup member of the human herpesvirus family, infects cells via the binding of its various envelope glycoproteins to cellular membrane receptors, one of which is herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), expressed on dendritic cells. Here, HVEM gene-deficient mice were used to investigate the immunologic effect elicited by the HSV-1 infection of dendritic cells. Dendritic cells expressing the surface marker CD11c showed an abnormal biological phenotype, including the altered transcription of various immune signaling molecules and inflammatory factors associated with innate immunity after viral replication. Furthermore, the viral infection of dendritic cells interfered with dendritic cell function in the lymph nodes, where these cells normally play roles in activating the T-cell response. Additionally, the mild clinicopathological manifestations observed during the acute phase of HSV-1 infection were associated with viral replication in dendritic cells.
Free vibrational analysis of composite beams reinforced with randomly aligned and oriented carbon nanotubes, resting on an elastic foundation

The main interest of this paperwork is to examinate the dynamic behavior (free vibrational response) of carbon nanotubes (CNT) composite beams standing on an elastic foundation of Winkler-Pasternak’s. The affected beam consists of a polymer matrix reinforced with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT’s), in which, a large number of CNT’s reinforcement of infinite length are distributed in a linear elastic polymer matrix. In this study the CNT’s are considered either aligned or randomly oriented on the matrix. A refined high-order beam theory (RBT) is adopted in the present analysis using a new shape function. The refined beam theory which is summarized by differentiating the displacement along the beam transverse section into shear and bending components, initially the material properties of the composite beam (CNTRC) are estimated using the Mori-Tanaka’s method. The beam is considered simply supported on the edge-lines. NAVIER’s solutions are proposed to solve the boundary conditions problems. Since there are no results to compare with in the literature; the results in this study are compared with a free vibrational analysis of an isotropic beam. Several aspects such as the length/thickness ratio, volume fraction of nanotubes, and vibrational modes are carried out in the parametric study.
Spread of COVID-19 Infection in Long-Term Care Facilities of Trieste (Italy) during the Pre-Vaccination Era, Integrating Findings of 41 Forensic Autopsies with Geriatric Comorbidity Index as a Valid Option for the Assessment of Strength of Causation

Background: in 2020, a new form of coronavirus spread around the world starting from China. The older people were the population most affected by the virus worldwide, in particular in Italy where more than 90% of deaths were people over 65 years. In these people, the definition of the cause of death is tricky due to the presence of numerous comorbidities. Objective: to determine whether COVID-19 was the cause of death in a series of older adults residents of nursing care homes. Methods: 41 autopsies were performed from May to June 2020. External examination, swabs, and macroscopic and microscopic examination were performed. Results: the case series consisted of nursing home guests; 15 men and 26 women, with a mean age of 87 years. The average number of comorbidities was 4. Based only on the autopsy results, the defined cause of death was acute respiratory failure due to diffuse alveolar damage (8%) or (31%) bronchopneumonia with one or more positive swabs for SARS-CoV-2. Acute cardiac failure with one or more positive swabs for SARS-CoV-2 was indicated as the cause of death in in symptomatic (37%) and asymptomatic (10%) patients. Few patients died for septic shock (three cases), malignant neoplastic diseases (two cases), and massive digestive bleeding (one case). Conclusions: Data from post-mortem investigation were integrated with previously generated Geriatric Index of Comorbidity (GIC), resulting in four different degrees of probabilities: high (12%), intermediate (10%), low (59%), and none (19%), which define the level of strength of causation and the role of COVID-19 disease in determining death.
Jingmen Tick Virus in Ticks from Kenya

Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) is an arbovirus with a multisegmented genome related to those of unsegmented flaviviruses. The virus first described in Rhipicephalus microplus ticks collected in Jingmen city (Hubei Province, China) in 2010 is associated with febrile illness in humans. Since then, the geographic range has expanded to include Trinidad and Tobago, Brazil, and Uganda. However, the ecology of JMTV remains poorly described in Africa. We screened adult ticks (n = 4550, 718 pools) for JMTV infection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Ticks were collected from cattle (n = 859, 18.88%), goats (n = 2070, 45.49%), sheep (n = 1574, 34.59%), and free-ranging tortoises (Leopard tortoise, Stigmochelys pardalis) (n = 47, 1.03%) in two Kenyan pastoralist-dominated areas (Baringo and Kajiado counties) with a history of undiagnosed febrile human illness. Surprisingly, ticks collected from goats (0.3%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.1–0.5), sheep (1.8%, 95% CI 1.2–2.5), and tortoise (74.5%, 95% CI 60.9–85.4, were found infected with JMTV, but ticks collected from cattle were all negative. JMTV ribonucleic acid (RNA) was also detected in blood from tortoises (66.7%, 95% CI 16.1–97.7). Intragenetic distance of JMTV sequences originating from tortoise-associated ticks was greater than that of sheep-associated ticks. Phylogenetic analyses of seven complete-coding genome sequences generated from tortoise-associated ticks formed a monophyletic clade within JMTV strains from other countries. In summary, our findings confirm the circulation of JMTV in ticks in Kenya. Further epidemiological surveys are needed to assess the potential public health impact of JMTV in Kenya.