Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Air Cargo Demand Modeling and Prediction

The air cargo transportation system is a large and complex service system, in which demand forecasting is a key element in the master planning process. Demand forecasting is essential for analyzing existing cargo flight schedules and identifying future facility requirements of air cargo companies. We use the Potluck Problem approach to propose a multiproducer/multiconsumer solution for predicting the cargo demand of a specific airline in a given route, and the cargo load factor for a given flight schedule on that route. This solution considers each airline as a producer and the users of air cargo services as consumers, with a producer having no explicit communication with other producers/airlines. The model analyzes the existing cargo capacity plan, highlights drawbacks, and proposes a new capacity plan to demonstrate the effectiveness of using the solution. Examples are provided to illustrate the efficacy of the approach.
Endocrine disruption due to estrogens derived from humans predicted to be low in the majority of U.S. surface waters

In an effort to assess the combined risk estrone (E1), 17β‐estradiol (E2), 17α‐ethinyl estradiol (EE2), and estriol (E3) pose to aquatic wildlife across United States watersheds, two sets of predicted‐no‐effect concentrations (PNECs) for significant reproductive effects in fish were compared to predicted environmental concentrations (PECs). One set of PNECs was developed for evaluation of effects following long‐term exposures. A second set was derived for short‐term exposures. Both sets of PNECs are expressed as a 17β‐estradiol equivalent (E2‐eq), with 2 and 5 ng/L being considered the most likely levels above which fish reproduction may be harmed following long‐term and short‐term exposures, respectively. A geographic information system‐based water quality model, Pharmaceutical Assessment and Transport Evaluation (PhATE™), was used to compare these PNECs to mean and low flow concentrations of the steroid estrogens across 12 U.S. watersheds. These watersheds represent approximately 19% of the surface area of the 48 North American states, contain 40 million people, and include over 44,000 kilometers of rivers. This analysis determined that only 0.8% of the segments (less than 1.1% of kilometers) of these watersheds would have a mean flow E2‐eq concentration exceeding the long‐term PNEC of 2.0 ng/L; only 0.5% of the segments (less than 0.8% of kilometers) would have a critical low flow E2‐eq exceeding the short‐term PNEC of 5 ng/L. Those few river segments where the PNECs were exceeded were effluent dominated, being either headwater streams with a publicly owned treatment works (POTW), or flowing through a highly urbanized environment with one or several POTWs. These results suggest that aquatic species in most U.S. surface waters are not at risk from steroid estrogens that may be present as a result of human releases. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:1407–1415. © 2012 SETAC
Gratitude and longing: Meanings of health in aging for Puerto Rican adults in the mainland

Puerto Rican adults in the United States mainland live with socioeconomic and health disparities. To understand their contextual experience of aging, we interviewed participants in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. Through a Thematic Analysis we identify themes and tensions: normalization and acceptance of aging; gratitude; the importance of aging within social networks; longing to return to Puerto Rico at older age. We address the tensions between ‘acceptance’ and fatalismo as a cultural belief, and a function of structural barriers. The experience of aging is discussed in the context of Puerto Rico’s history and continued dependence on the United States.
[On the psychology of physical education and sports].

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Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel human STE 20-like kinase , hSLK 1

We have cloned a human counterpart to a guinea pig STE20-like kinase cDNA, designated human SLK (hSLK), from a human lung carcinomatous cell line A549 cDNA library. hSLK cDNA encodes a novel 1204 amino acid serine/threonine kinase for which the kinase domain located at the N-terminus shares considerable homology to that of the STE20-like kinase family. The C-terminal domain of hSLK includes both the coiled-coil structure and four Pro/Glu/Ser/Thr-rich (PEST) sequences, but not the GTPase-binding domain (GBD) that is characteristic of the p21-activated kinase (PAK) family, polyproline consensus binding sites, or the Leu-rich domain seen in the group I germinal center kinases (GCKs). Northern blot analysis indicated that hSLK was ubiquitously expressed. hSLK overexpressed in COS-7 cells phosphorylates itself as well as myelin basic protein used as a substrate. On the other hand, hSLK cannot activate any of the three well-characterized mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK (ERK, JNK/SAPK and p38) pathways. Moreover, hSLK kinase activity is not upregulated by constitutive active forms of GTPases (RasV12, RacV12 and Cdc42V12). These structural and functional properties indicate that hSLK should be considered to be a new member of group II GCKs. ß 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Modeling blood flow in a porcine aorta bypass graft : realization of physiological conditions

Atherosclerosis, a vascular disease in which plaque deposits form in blood vessels, does not occur uniformly throughout the body. Rather, it is more likely to occur in regions of complex flow associated with vessel branching (Zarins & Taylor 1998). It is generally believed that low wall shear stress and high particle residence time in the regions of complex flow increase the susceptibility of blood vessels to disease by altering the permeability of the endothelium (mono-layer of cells at blood-vessel interface) and reducing the efflux of cholesterol from the wall. Surgical interventions, including bypass grafting are also affected by blood flow conditions. Further, it is thought that flow recirculation and stasis are important factors in intimal hyperplasia (cell proliferation in the inner layer of blood vessels that can lead to obstruction of grafts (Dilley, Mc Geachie & Prendergast 1988). The chemical process of clotting may result at the site of a surgical wound and also on the surface of any artificial device that has been inserted. Lately, in areas of flow recirculation and stasis, the probability for clot formation has been shown to considerably increase (Gewertz et al. 1992). Quantification of blood flow is important for research in such disease, and the development of devices and clinical procedures to treat it. The techniques of experimental fluid mechanics have been effectively used in the context of artificial models to characterize flow patterns. Recently, diagnostic imaging techniques, which include ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, have allowed non-invasive, in vivo flow quantification. However, full velocity fields and derived quantities such as shear stress are difficult to obtain using in vitro or in vivo methods. Perhaps even more significant is the fact that for these methods new physical models have to be constructed to examine the effect of geometric variations. This is time-consuming and costly for in vitro models and impractical for in vivo methods. Clearly, the need exists for computational methods capable of simulating blood flow using virtual models. Early computational studies used simple idealized models of the vascular system. Perktold and colleagues examined blood flow in rigid and deformable models of carotid arteries (Perktold, Resch & Peter 1991; Perktold & Rappitsch 1995). Taylor et al. quantified blood flow in an idealized model of the human abdominal aorta under resting and exercise conditions (Taylor, Hughes & Zarins 1998a; Taylor, Hughes & Zarins 1999). Milner et al. (1998) and Taylor, Hughes & Zarins (1998b) examined blood flow in models of the end-to-side anastomosis (downstream connection of the end of a bypass graft to side of a host artery). To increase accuracy of the simulations and reproduce the anatomy where the arterial walls are curved and irregular, geometric models can be constructed from volumetric image data including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography
A distributed load‐balancing policy for a multicomputer

This paper deals with the organization of a distributed load‐balancing policy for a multicomputer system which consists of a cluster of independent computers that are interconnected by a local area communication network. We introduce three algorithms necessary to maintain load balancing in this system: the local load algorithm, used by each processor to monitor its own load; the exchange algorithm, for exchanging load information between the processors, and the process migration algorithm that uses this information to dynamically migrate processes from overloaded to underloaded processors.
Follow‐up of post‐transplant minimal residual disease and chimerism in childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia: 90 d to react

Relapse after transplantation is a major cause of treatment failure in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Here, we report the findings of a prospective national study designed to investigate the feasibility of immune intervention in children in first or subsequent remission following myeloablative conditioning. This study included 133 children who received a transplant for ALL between 2005 and 2008. Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) based on T cell receptor/immunoglobulin gene rearrangements was measured on days −30, 30, 90 and 150 post‐transplantation. Ciclosporin treatment was rapidly discontinued and donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) were programmed for patients with a pre‐ or post‐transplant MRD status ≥10−3. Only nine patients received DLI. Pre‐ and post‐transplant MRD status, and the duration of ciclosporin were independently associated with 5‐year overall survival (OS), which was 62·07% for the whole cohort. OS was substantially higher in patients cleared of MRD than in those with persistent MRD (52·3% vs. 14·3%, respectively). Only pre‐transplant MRD status (Hazard Ratio 2·57, P = 0·04) and duration of ciclosporin treatment (P < 0·001) were independently associated with relapse. The kinetics of chimerism were not useful for predicting relapse, whereas MRD monitoring up to 90 d post‐transplantation was a valuable prognostic tool to guide therapeutic intervention.
Difference-frequency-based laser spectrometer for trace CH4 detection

A laser spectrometer based on difference-frequency generation in periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) has been developed. The mid-infrared laser source was pumped by complementally two commercial narrow linewidth diode laser, to produce about 1µw of output power in the tuning region from 3. 2µm to 3. 7µm. The spectrometer was used for trace CH4 measurement, a CH4 absorption line at 3028.751 cm−1 of v3 band was chosen as this line is relatively free of interference by other gas species. The selected absorption line was verified using a single-pass cell detection. The detection sensitivity is estimated to be 0.8ppm for 10cm optical path length at atmospheric pressure, and is limited mainly by the etalon noise of optical surfaces.
Stress preconditioning attenuates oxidative injury to the alveolar epithelium of the lung following haemorrhage in rats

Inhibition of cAMP‐dependent stimulation of vectorial fluid transport across the alveolar epithelium following haemorrhagic shock is mediated by reactive nitrogen species released within the airspaces of the lung. We tested here the hypothesis that the prior activation of the cellular heat shock or stress response, via exposure to either heat or geldanamycin, would attenuate the release of airspace nitric oxide (NO) responsible for the shock‐mediated failure of the alveolar epithelium to respond to catecholamines in rats. Rats were haemorrhaged to a mean arterial pressure of 30–35 mmHg for 60 min, and then resuscitated with a 4 % albumin solution. Alveolar fluid clearance was measured by change in concentration of a protein solution instilled into the airspaces 5 h after the onset of haemorrhage. Stress preconditioning restored the cAMP‐mediated upregulation of alveolar liquid clearance after haemorrhage. The protective effect of stress preconditioning was mediated in part by a decrease in the expression of iNOS in the lung. Specifically, stress preconditioning decreased the production of nitrite by endotoxin‐stimulated alveolar macrophages removed from haemorrhaged rats or by A549 and rat alveolar epithelial type II cell monolayers stimulated with cytomix (a mixture of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IFN‐γ) for 24 h. In summary, these results provide the first in vivo evidence that stress preconditioning restores a normal fluid transport capacity of the alveolar epithelium in the early phase following haemorrhagic shock by attenuating NO‐mediated oxidative stress to the lung epithelium.
Small-signal dynamic model and analysis of a fixed-speed wind farm - a frequency response approach

This paper introduces a small-signal dynamic model of a fixed-frequency (induction machine based) wind farm connected to an electrical power system. The model represents the system small-signal dynamics in the frequency range of a fraction of Hz to 50/60 Hz. The model includes the dynamics of the wind energy capturing mechanism, the rotating shaft system, the generator electrical system of each wind energy unit, the wind farm collector system, and the utility grid. Based on the proposed model, two performance indices are introduced to i) investigate sensitivity of the system modes, e.g., torsional modes, to the system parameters, and ii) evaluate the system capability to reject electrical and mechanical disturbances, e.g., a wind gust. The application of the model to the analysis of a system with two wind units is presented and the study results are validated based on comparison with the time-domain simulation results obtained in the PSCAD/EMTDC environment.
Beyond Self-Presentation: Evidence for Self-Criticism among Japanese

Although a robust finding in cross-cultural research is that Japanese exhibit less self-enhancement than North Americans, all of these studies have employed questionnaire measures susceptible to self-presentational biases. The present study assessed self-enhancement in a laboratory that covertly measured participants’ behaviors. Whereas Canadians were reluctant to conclude that they had performed worse than their average classmate, Japanese were hesitant to conclude that they had performed better. This research provides evidence that cultural differences in self-enhancement and self-criticism go beyond mere self-presentation.
Six sigma for service processes

Purpose – This paper attempts to demonstrate the power of six sigma, a disciplined approach to improving product, process or service quality, in the service industry.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents the basic features that characterize six sigma followed by a simple methodology for six sigma applied to service operations. The paper also illustrates a set of tools and techniques used within six sigma for service process performance improvement. Key success factors for the implementation of six sigma in service organisations and the factors for selection of winning projects are also addressed.Findings – The paper draws the point that six sigma is not same as other quality initiatives such as TQM due to various misconceptions among many quality practitioners with these two philosophies. There are also limitations of six sigma and these are outlined and discussed.Originality/value – Although six sigma has been successfully implemented in many manufacturing industries, its application in the se.
Data problems in decision support systems

A major problem with the usefulness of decision support systems (DSS) or executive information systems (EIS) occurs when the data used by the system is not accurate. When inaccurate data is used as input to a DSS, the resulting output may seem illogical to management. As a result, the management views the EIS as defective. To prevent this problem, it is wise for the systems analyst who designs the system to evaluate the accuracy of the source data and to understand the accounting methods used to generate the data. This paper looks at accounting practices, outliers and other practices that may produce inaccurate or misrepresentative data. Often, the problem is that the data is atypical because of an impulse from some normal pattern. The impulse is assumed to be nonrecursive and not to follow a discernible pattern over time. When an impulse is induced by inventory adjustments, strikes, price adjustments, and mergers, it is necessary for the EIS to be designed to accommodate the effect of the atypical data. Decision models which ignore unexpected situations or use inaccurate data are of limited value, for in practice management decision models are evaluated on the basis of infrequency of failures rather than frequency of successes. <<ETX>>
Estimating phytolith in fl ux in lake sediments

a Centre for Bio-Archaeology and Ecology (UMR5059, CNRS/Université Montpellier 2/EPHE), Institut de Botanique, 163 rue Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France b Paleoenvironments and Chronoecology (PALECO), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Institut de Botanique, 163 rue Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France c UR Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux (CIRAD), Montpellier, France d Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR 5554, CNRS/Université Montpellier 2), F-34095 Montpellier, France
High technology firms in Canada's description of their competitive advantage - a cross case analysis of a sample of SMEs

This exploratory research compares how high technology firms define competitive advantage and use performance management strategies to gain a competitive advantage. The eight high technology firms selected for a larger research study are located in the Okanagan Valley region of British Columbia Canada and each was pre-qualified as a small or medium-sized enterprise – two with 10 to 19 employees, four with 20 to 49, and two with 50 to 200. For this research, eight high technology case studies were constructed from interviews with the firms’ managers. This paper presents the cross-case analysis of the results of one of the research issues regarding the definition of competitive advantage in the SMEs. The results indicate that all firms view superior technology and customer service as their common differentiating qualities; nevertheless, human capital was endorsed as either a competitive advantage or an integral component. Regardless, performance management has potential for greater role in the crafting and executing of strategy than these firms employ.
Cyclosporin A Attenuates Acute Mitochondrial Dysfunction Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in a rapid and significant necrosis of cortical tissue at the site of injury. In the ensuring hours and days, secondary injury exacerbates the primary damage, resulting in significant neurological dysfunction. Recent reports from our lab and others have demonstrated that the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) is neuroprotective following TBI. The opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is inhibited by CsA, thereby maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential and calcium homeostasis in isolated mitochondrial. In the present study we utilized a unilateral controlled cortical impact model of TBI to assess mitochondrial dysfunction in both isolated mitochondria and synaptosomes to elucidate the neuroprotective role of CsA. The results demonstrate that administration of CsA 15 min postinjury significantly attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction as measured using several biochemical assays of mitochondria integrity and energetics. Following TBI, mitochondria isolated from the injured cortex of animals treated with CsA demonstrate a significant increase in mitochondria membrane potential and are resistant to the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition compared to vehicle-treated animals. Similarly, synaptosomes isolated from CsA-treated animals demonstrate a significant increase in mitochondria membrane potential, accompanied by lower levels of intramitochondrial Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species production than seen in vehicle-treated animals. These results suggest that the neuroprotective properties of CsA are mediated through modulation of the MPTP and maintenance of mitochondria homeostasis. Amelioration of cortical damage with CsA indicates that pharmacological therapies can be devised which will significantly alter neurological outcome after injury.
Bacteriophage Lambda as a Delivery Vector for Tn10-Derived Transposons in Xenorhabdus bovienii

Xenorhabdus bovienii wild-type strains lack a functional receptor protein (LamB) in the outer membrane and as a result are unable to adsorb coliphage lambda (λ). Introduction of plasmids encoding lamB into X. bovienii T228 results in constitutive expression of LamB in the outer membrane of this organism. LamB-expressing strains of X. bovienii adsorb lambda bacteriophage particles and can be used as hosts for lambda::Tn constructs. A Tn10-derived transposon, element 9 (J. C. Way, D. Davis, D. Morisato, D. E. Roberts, and N. Kleckner, Gene 32:369-379, 1984) was used to construct a variety of insertion mutants of X. bovienii. Mutants that had altered expression of protease, lipase, DNase, dye-binding capability, and hemolytic activity, in addition to a series of auxotrophic mutants, were isolated.
Extension of prioritized data analysis in the Foundation Fieldbus to three classes

The Foundation Fieldbus data link layer provides both a token‐passing service required for sporadic data and a scheduled service for periodic data. It has three priority levels: urgent, normal, and time‐available. Modeling the virtual token rotation time (VTRT), which is the time required to receive tokens for the transmission of one's own data, is difficult due to the interactive data delay driven by the three priority levels. Therefore, a simplified mathematical model consisting of just two priority levels has been considered. In a previous research, the VTRT probability density function was defined using the probability of a token generation; however in the present study, a simpler expression was successfully developed in a system of three priority levels by tracking the token's priority changes generated by the link active scheduler. These priority changes are tracked by using the state transition probability and the state transition diagram of a token. Therefore, the success of this new mathematical model makes this research important. Furthermore, we found the existence and the cause of a fluctuating state, both of which are useful to a system designer for setting network parameters. The validity of the analytical model was verified in a simulation experiment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.