Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UTILIZATION OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES LOADED ANTICANCER AGENTS AS DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE

"Cancer" is the most terrifying disease, just hearing the word "C" is a horror for every patient. Notably, the conventional doses form of taking the anticancer drugs are having ruthless side effects and high toxicity on the patient's body. The design of nanoparticles while maintaining the sink condition in the laboratory release trials is one of the biggest challenges and difficulties in design, especially those low-solubility drugs that are used as anticancer agent carriers. If the doctor is aware of the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapy, it will facilitate and help in determining the amount of dosage required in order to obtain a high therapeutic accuracy and reduce toxicity and affect healthy cells. For this purpose, this paper aims to simulate the pharmacokinetic of different types of chemotherapeutic agents to study the kinetics based on solid lipid drug delivery systems nanoparticles (SLN) by examining drug release from different types of devices such as matrix system and reservoir devices controlled by the diffusion mechanism using preposed and estimated values extracted from literature studies which will help to manufacture nanoparticles that meet specific requirements. In order to determine which device type is optimal and best to use as a drug delivery system to cancerous cells and then examin the effect of particle size of this type, ranging from 10 to 100 nm on the anticancer drug relese and decide the best size that give the requierd dose of each chemotherapy drugs that were used in this study, we simulated the release behavior of nanoparticles with nano-sphare geometry using the MATLAB software. As majour finding of this study, the solid lipid based nanoparticles for drug delivery with matrix solution system type shows prolonged drug release which means that this type of systems have high loading capacity of the various chemotheraputic active compounds and can be use sucssfuly as anticancer agent drug delivery. Keywords—Nanoparticles, Cancer treatment, Drug delivery, Solid lipid, Anticancer drug
Surfactants as Antimicrobials: A Brief Overview of Microbial Interfacial Chemistry and Surfactant Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract In this brief overview of a large and complex subject, as presented at the 2018 Surfactants in Solution conference, the need for, and impact of, hard surface antimicrobial products is demonstrated. The composition of the interfaces of three common classes of pathological microbes, bacteria, viruses, and fungi, is discussed so that surfactant and cleaning product development scientists better understand their interfacial characteristics. Studies of antimicrobial efficacy from the four major classes of surfactants (cationic, anionic, amphoteric, and nonionic) are shown. The need for preservatives in surfactants is elucidated. The regulatory aspects of antimicrobials in cleaning products to make antimicrobial claims are stressed.
In Vivo Metabolism of Ibuprofen in Growing Conventional Pigs: A Pharmacokinetic Approach

The juvenile conventional pig has been suggested as a preclinical animal model to evaluate pharmacokinetic (PK), pharmacodynamic (PD), and safety parameters in children. However, a lot of developmental changes in pig physiology still need to be unraveled. While the in vitro ontogeny of pig biotransformation enzymes is getting more attention in literature, the in vivo developmental changes have not yet been investigated. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the biotransformation of ibuprofen (IBU) in conventional pigs aged 1 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 6–7 months after a single intravenous and oral administration of 5 mg/kg body weight (BW) of IBU, using a PK approach in a crossover design for each age group. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine 2-hydroxyibuprofen (2OH-IBU), carboxyibuprofen (COOH-IBU), and ibuprofen glucuronide (IBU-GlcA) in pig plasma. All three metabolites could be quantified in plasma and the following PK parameters were determined: C max, T max, AUC0→6h, area under plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) ratio between parent drug and metabolite, and the absolute oral bioavailability of the parent drug IBU. The plasma concentrations of the metabolites were always lower than those of IBU. The bioavailability was high, indicating limited pre-systemic biotransformation. The AUC ratio of 2OH-IBU and COOH-IBU/IBU showed a significant increase at 4 weeks of age compared to the 1-week-old and 6- to 7-month-old pigs. Interestingly, the IBU-GlcA/IBU AUC ratio did not change with age. The present study demonstrated that the main metabolites of IBU in human are also present in growing pigs. The oxidative phase I metabolism of IBU in growing conventional pigs did change with age. In contrast, age did not seem to affect the glucuronidation capacity of IBU in conventional pigs, although more studies with other substrate drugs are needed to confirm this.
Wind Energy Potential Assessment by Weibull Parameter Estimation Using Multiverse Optimization Method: A Case Study of Tirumala Region in India

In this paper the multiverse optimization (MVO) was used for estimating Weibull parameters. These parameters were further used to analyze the wind data available at a particular location in the Tirumala region in India. An effort had been made to study the wind potential in this region (13°41′30.4″ N 79°21′34.4″ E) using the Weibull parameters. The wind data had been measured at this site for a period of six years from January 2012 to December 2017. The analysis was performed at two different hub heights of 10 m and 65 m. The frequency distribution of wind speed, wind direction and mean wind speeds were calculated for this region. To compare the performance of the MVO, gray wolf optimizer (GWO), moth flame optimization (MFO), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and other numerical methods were considered. From this study, the performance had been analyzed and the best results were obtained by using the MVO with an error less than one. Along with the Weibull frequency distribution for the selected region, wind direction and wind speed were also provided. From the analysis, wind speed from 2 m/s to 10 m/s was present in sector 260–280° and wind from 0–4 m/s were present in sector 170–180° of the Tirumala region in India.
Induction of Highly Dynamic Shock Waves in Machining Processes with Multiple Loads and Short Tool Impacts

In order to study the mechanical loads of a workpiece in manufacturing processes such as single-tooth milling, in-process measurements of workpiece deformations are required. To enable the resolution of shock waves due to the mechanical impact of the tool, a novel measurement system based on speckle photography is introduced to measure the dynamic deformations and strains with a high temporal and spatial resolution. The measurement results indicate deformations and strains propagating through the workpiece with the speed of sound triggered by the tool impact (i.e., the tool impact is shown to induce shock waves during milling). Finite element simulations of the workpiece behavior are performed in addition, which support the experimental findings. In the considered case, the dynamic excitation subsides after 300 ms. Hence, in processes with even shorter cyclic multiple loads, the tool encounters an already excited initial state during machining, which needs to be taken into account when precisely modeling the milling process and the resulting workpiece quality. Finally, the measurement results demonstrate that speckle photography in combination with modern high-speed cameras and compact short-pulse lasers provides a deeper understanding of individual manufacturing processes.
Multiple Targets Tracking with Unstable Detector

Multiple targets tracking in a complex scene by a single camera is one of the hottest and difficult research areas in computer visions. In recent years, as a result of the great achievement of detection technique, tracking-by-detection has been the main method of multiple targets tracking. However, the accuracy of the state-of-the-art object detectors is not satisfactory enough, and the issues along with it such as missed detections and false alarms harm the tracking results badly. This paper proposes a novel approach to multiple targets tracking with unstable detectors by using individual tracking results. In our method, the effect of the detector is weakened. Results of detection are only used for tracking initialization and tracking assist. For each frame, the results of human detector and foreground information are combined. Lucas-Kanade method is used to implement the individual tracking. The final tracking results are obtained from the association between the individual tracking and the results of detection. We evaluate our proposed method on several datasets and achieve the expectant results.
“A distinct neutrophil population invades the central nervous system during pancreatic cancer”

Weight loss, fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction are common symptoms in cancer patients that occur prior to initiation of cancer therapy. Inflammation in the brain is a driver of these symptoms, yet cellular sources of neuroinflammation during malignancy are unknown. In a mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we observed early and robust myeloid cell infiltration into the brain. Infiltrating immune cells were predominately neutrophils, which accumulated at a unique central nervous system entry portal called the velum interpositum, where they expressed CCR2. CCR2 knockout mice had significantly decreased brain-infiltrating neutrophils as well as attenuated anorexia and muscle catabolism during PDAC, without any changes in neutrophils in other organs. Lastly, intracerebroventricular blockade of the purinergic receptor P2RX7 during PDAC abolished neutrophil recruitment to the brain and attenuated anorexia. Our data demonstrate a novel function for the CCR2/CCL2 axis in recruiting neutrophils to the brain, which drives anorexia and muscle catabolism.
COSMOS: A Total Programming System for Integrated Intelligent Robot

本論文は, 知能ロボット研究用に開発したプログラミングシステムCOSMOSについて述べたものである. COSMOSは, Cognitive Sensor Motor Operations Studyの略称である. 高水準のロボット言語, ロボットアームとそのコントローラ, 3次元視覚機能敏感な触覚センサ, および, ユーザインターフェイスより構成される. ホストのミニコンピュータとマイクロコンピュータはGPIBで結合され, 基本ロボットコマンドによって交信している. システムは階層構造をとっており, ハードウエア, ソフトウエアともにモジュール化および拡張性が重視された設計になっている. 逐次, 人工知能の手法を組み込んでゆくため, システムのソフトウエアの主な部分はLispで記述されている. 本論文ではロボット言語AL/L (Assembly Language in Lisp) とその環境モデル管理システム, ロボットソフトウエアの構成およびタブレットを用いた教示システムについて述べる. ロボット言語の処理系では, 環境モデルの管理が重要な役割を占めていることが明らかになった. また, システムを用いた実験を通して, タブレットが教示用デバイスとして優れていること, およびCOSMOSのロボットプログラミングシステムとしての有効性が確認された.
Adaptive and maladaptive genetic diversity in small populations; insights from the Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) case study

Investigating the relative importance of neutral versus selective processes governing the accumulation of genetic variants is a key goal in evolutionary biology. This is particularly true in the context of small populations, where genetic drift can counteract the effect of selection. In this study, we investigated the accumulation of putatively beneficial and harmful variations using 7,950 high-quality filtered SNPs among 36 lacustrine, seven riverine and seven anadromous Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations (n = 1,193) from Québec, Canada. Using the Provean algorithm, we observed an accumulation of deleterious mutations that tend to be more prevalent in isolated lacustrine and riverine populations than the more connected anadromous populations. In addition, the absence of correlation between the occurrence of putative beneficial nor deleterious mutations and local recombination rate supports the hypothesis that genetic drift might be the main driver of the accumulation of such variants. Despite the effect of pronounced genetic drift and limited gene flow in non-anadromous populations, several loci representing biological functions of potential adaptive significance were associated with environmental variables, and particularly with temperature. We also identified genomic regions associated with anadromy. We also observed an overrepresentation of transposable elements associated with variation in environmental variables, thus supporting the importance of transposable elements in adaptation.
A Multi-Objective Risk Scheduling Model of an Electrical Power System-Containing Wind Power Station with Wind and Energy Storage Integration

The integrated operation of wind storage is a developmental trend for future wind power stations. Compared with energy storage and wind power system scheduling, the utilization ratio of wind power is improved. This paper analyzes the power system scheduling risks that are brought about by wind power stations with wind and energy storage integration and puts forward the corresponding risks indexes, which are based on the physical structure and the long-operation features of the battery energy storage system. This paper also proposes the multi-objective optimization scheduling model, considering the economy of optimization, risk of load-shedding, and wind power curtailment that is caused by the full failure and partial failure of energy storage and wind turbines, and the uncertainty of the wind power output. Example results have shown that the optimization scheduling model can apply to various control strategies and different risk levels of the system, and reduce the risk of an electric power system containing a wind power station with wind and energy storage integration. In the meantime, it can also improve the economical efficiency and utilization rate of the wind power system.
On-orbit detection for modulation transfer function of hyperspectral remote sensing system

In order to realize the measurement for Modulation Transfer Function(MTF) of an on-orbit hyperspectral remote sensing system,factors of image quality degradation of the system were analyzed and the detection method for MTF was discussed by taking the dispersive hyperspectral remote sensing system for an example.Firstly,the three-dimensional separability of the MTF of the dispersive hyperspectral remote sensing system was illustrated.Then,an anti-noise MTF detecting technique was proposed concerning the charateristic of the low signal-to-noise ratio of the hyperspectral remote sensing system.A criterion of selecting MTF detection region was also proposed based on the large quantity of the bands in hyperspectral systems.Finally,the proposed methods were demonstrated by using the PHI remote sensing images and the PHI degraded images were restored with the detected MTF.Experimental results indicate that the average gradient has been improved by 67.1% and the detail-signal energy improved by 65.2%,which proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.
RedMed: Extending drug lexicons for social media applications

Social media has been identified as a promising potential source of information for pharmacovigilance. The adoption of social media data has been hindered by the massive and noisy nature of the data. Initial attempts to use social media data have relied on exact text matches to drugs of interest, and therefore suffer from the gap between formal drug lexicons and the informal nature of social media. The Reddit comment archive represents an ideal corpus for bridging this gap. We trained a word embedding model, RedMed, to facilitate the identification and retrieval of health entities from Reddit data. We compare the performance of our model trained on a consumer-generated corpus against publicly available models trained on expert-generated corpora. Our automated classification pipeline achieves an accuracy of 0.88 and a specificity of >0.9 across four different term classes. Of all drug mentions, an average of 79% (±0.5%) were exact matches to a generic or trademark drug name, 14% (±0.5%) were misspellings, 6.4% (±0.3%) were synonyms, and 0.13% (±0.05%) were pill marks. We find that our system captures an additional 20% of mentions; these would have been missed by approaches that rely solely on exact string matches. We provide a lexicon of misspellings and synonyms for 2,978 drugs and a word embedding model trained on a health-oriented subset of Reddit.
Investigation of Some Haematological Parameters in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes at Federal Medical Center, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

This study was conducted to investigate some haematological parameters in pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes at FMC, Owerri, Imo state. Seventy (70) pregnant women were recruited in the study of which fifty (50) are suffering from gestational diabetes, while twenty (20) are normal pregnant women serving as the control. Haematoloical parameters were determined using standard haematological procedures, data obtained from the study were analysed using the SSPS package. Haemoglobin concentration was significantly (p 0.05) in the mean value of eosinophil count in gestational diabetic women (0.28 + 0.54%) when compared with the control subjects (0.20 + 0.41%). Basophils were not seen in gestational diabetic women and the control subjects. Lymphocyte count was significantly (p<0.05) r educed in gestational diabetic women (45.78 ± 09.92%) when compared with the control subject (56.70 + 5.32%). There was no statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the mean value of lymphocyte count in gestational diabetic women (0.10 + 0.00%) when compared with the control subjects (0.30 + 0.00%). In conclusion, gestational diabetes has a significant effect on some haematological parameters.
Osmotic stress in Chenopodium quinoa Willd.: Variations in osmoprotectants at different phenological stages

Chenopodium quinoa Willd. is an edible crop plant adapted to the climatic conditions of the South American Andes, where it thrives under extreme environmental conditions such as saline soils, drought, high UV radiation and broad temperature fluctuations. The prolonged exposure of this crop to high salinity and low relative humidity has promoted the development of efficient mechanisms to retain water within the intracellular compartments and avoid desiccation, including accumulation of osmoprotectants. In this study, the effect of osmotic stress (250 mM KCl) was evaluated on osmolyte accumulation at different phenological stages of quinoa growth (branched, panicle, flowering) compared to control (0 mM KCl). The osmotic stimulus increased the concentrations of proline, glycine betaine, sucrose, fructose, glucose, and trehalose two- to seven-fold compared to a low salinity conditions. This is the first report to show significant increase in trehalose in response to osmotic disturbance at three different phenological stages of quinoa growth, opening a new avenue to explore the protective role of trehalose against osmotic-induced damage in this crop. Key words: Compatible solutes, osmotic stress, quinoa, phenology.
NH3 emissions from large point sources derived from CrIS and IASI satellite observations

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) is an essential reactive nitrogen species in the biosphere and through its use in agriculture in the form of fertilizer (important for sustaining humankind). The current emission levels, however, are up to 4 times higher than in the previous century and continue to grow with uncertain consequences to human health and the environment. While NH3 at its current levels is a hazard to environmental and human health, the atmospheric budget is still highly uncertain, which is a product of an overall lack of measurements. The capability to measure NH3 with satellites has opened up new ways to study the atmospheric NH3 budget. In this study, we present the first estimates of NH3 emissions, lifetimes and plume widths from large (>∼5 kt yr−1) agricultural and industrial point sources from Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) satellite observations across the globe with a consistent methodology. The same methodology is also applied to the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) (A and B) satellite observations, and we show that the satellites typically provide comparable results that are within the uncertainty of the estimates. The computed NH3 lifetime for large point sources is on average 2.35±1.16 h. For the 249 sources with emission levels detectable by the CrIS satellite, there are currently 55 locations missing (or underestimated by more than an order of magnitude) from the current Hemispheric Transport Atmospheric Pollution version 2 (HTAPv2) emission inventory and only 72 locations with emissions within a factor of 2 compared to the inventories. The CrIS emission estimates give a total of 5622 kt yr−1, for the sources analyzed in this study, which is around a factor of ∼2.5 higher than the emissions reported in HTAPv2. Furthermore, the study shows that it is possible to accurately detect short- and long-term changes in emissions, demonstrating the possibility of using satellite-observed NH3 to constrain emission inventories.
Worst Case Test Vectors for Sequential Circuits in Flash-Based FPGAs Exposed to Total Dose

We introduce a methodology for identifying worst case test vectors (WCTVs) for delay failures induced by total dose in sequential circuits implemented in flash-based field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) using design-for-testability (DFT) techniques and path delay faults using commercially available DFT and automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) tools. We verified this methodology experimentally using Microsemi ProASiC3 FPGAs and Cobalt 60 facility. The experimental results show a significant impact on the total dose failure level when using WCTVs in total-dose testing of FPGA devices.
The 4C Machine

The 4C machine is the most recent of a series of sound processors developed by or associated with the IRCAM staff, notably one Pepino DiGiugno, and built by Alain Chauveau. It is but one of a series of machines, the design of which has been evolving continuously for quite a few years now. It follows most recently the 4B machine which was developed at IRCAM jointly by Alles and DiGiugno (1977). Among the goals of this design project was the desire to alleviate some of the difficulties of the previous machines, and especially the limitations imposed by the 4B machine, some of which were already mentioned by Rolnick (1978), notably:
An Overview of the Sound and Music Kits for the NeXT Computer

The NeXT computer provides a powerful system for creating and manipulating sound and music. The software for this system is divided into two object-oriented class libraries known as kits. The Sound Kit provides object-oriented access to the basic sound capabilities of the NeXT computer, allowing sound recording, playback, display, and editing. The Music Kit provides classes for composing, storing, performing, and synthesizing music. It lets you communicate with external synthesizers or create your own software instruments. Both kits are implemented in the Objective-C object-oriented programming language. Although they are largely independent of each other, they can also be used to a unified end. The Sound Kit, for instance, can record sound data that can be used in a Music Kit performance. This paper gives an overview of the NeXT sound and music software. A brief description of the NeXT sound hardware is also included.