Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Religious Extremism in a Multifaceted Context El extremismo religioso en un contexto multifacético

Religious fundamentalism is a vigorously debated topic these days. It is frequently confined to a one-dimensional structure, which has been connected to religious violence. The current study claims that the existing use of the term "extreme" did not apprehend the various perceptions, opinions, and outlooks that characterize excessive religious behavior. The study deconstructs the implication of the word "extreme" in religious perspectives and responds to researchers' calls for a complete framework encompassing the many different components that make up religion. The research typically progresses religious extremism in intellectual, ceremonial, social, and political dimensions of religion, centered on the diversity of Islamic groups in Islamic states. An examination that connects Muslim radicalism with violence is being conducted elsewhere. According to the study, Muslims (or any religious organization) can be severe in some areas but moderate in others, such as extreme in ritual but moderate in politics. Understanding religious extremism in terms of these four characteristics offers new visions into the worldwide issue of religious extremism and well predicts how religious extremism manifests. More often, the framework proposed in this study can aid in expanding one's understanding of radicalism beyond a focus on violence.
Adaptive equalization of polarization-mode dispersion

In next-generation transoceanic optical networks the polarization-dependent properties of fiber and optical components may limit the use of potential broad-band characteristics and polarization-multiplexing ability.1,2 Namihira reported an optical isolator that had a polarization-mode dispersion of 0.8 ps, which is relatively large compared with the 0.1 − ps / km square-root dependence of the dispersion of optical-fiber cable.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may represent a syndrome with multiple aetiologies rather than a homogeneous disease entity. One putative subgroup of OCD is composed of those OCD patients with a lifetime history of tic symptoms (Tourette's syndrome

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may represent a syndrome with multiple aetiologies rather than a homogeneous disease entity. One putative subgroup of OCD is composed of those OCD patients with a lifetime history of tic symptoms (Tourette's syndrome (TS) or chronic motor or vocal tic disorder). Various studies examining familial, clinical descriptive, and neuropharmacological data suggest an association between obsessive-compulsive(OC) and tic symptoms. Compared with the general population, OC symp toms are much more prevalent among TS patients (Pauls et al, 1986), and a higher proportion of OCD patients and their first-degree relatives have a lifetime history of tic symptoms (Pauls, 1990). Consistent with this, Pitman et a! (1987) also found a high rate of tic symptoms in OCD patients and their relatives, and noted that tics were more useful in distinguishing relatives of OCD patients from relatives of controls than were obsessions or compulsions. In a recent family study of 100 OCD probands (Pauls et al, 1993, unpublished), approximately 10% of their first-degree relatives met criteria for TS. Additional support for an association between OCD and TS comes from brain imaging studies (Baxter eta! , 1990) and case reports of striatal injury (LaPlane et al, 1989), which implicate the basal ganglia and related structures as the possible neuroanatomic loci of both OCD and TS. Furthermore, some treatment response data suggest that tic history may identify a subgroup of otherwise treatment-resistant patients with OCD (McDougle et al, 1993) who respond favourably to a combination of a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor and a dopamine antagonist (McDougle et al, 1990). To explore further the heterogeneity of OCD, patients with OCD, with and without a lifetime history of a chronic tic disorder, were examined with respect to specific types of OC symptoms using the symptom checklist of the Yaleâ€”BrownObsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) (Goodman eta! , 1989). The main objective was to identify a set of OC symptoms that could distinguish between these two putative subtypes of OCD.
A 15â€”20Year Follow-Up of Adult Psychiatric Patients Psychiatric Disorder and Social Functioning DAVID QUINTON, LESLEY GULLIVER and MICHAEL RUTTER

Long-term follow-up studies of psychiatric disorders are important for clinical practice and for advances in nosology. For the clinician they can provide information on prognosis ortestassumptionsabout the course of disorders that derive from clinical observation. For nosology they provide a means of testing diagnostic distinctions on the basis of consistency in symptom patterns over time and of differences in course and outcome (Kendell, 1989). Studies of the outcome for adult psychiatric disorders ten or more years after the first episode, satisfying adequate sampling requirements and with systematic diagnoses, are still rare. In addition, for most studies, problems inevitably arise through changes in diagnostic schemes over time, and comparisons between them are further complicated by variations in the initial severity of the disorder and on whether first and subsequent referrals are distinguished. A strong case has been made for including broader features of social functioning as well as measures of episodic disorder in assessing outcome (Shepherd et a! , 1989),but the reason for poorer social functioning is hard to assess without data on personality disorder in the original data sets. Since personality disorders, by definition, involve long-term difficulties in social functioning, it is crucial to include some measure of them when considering the outcome of episodic illnesses (Duggan ci a! , 1991). Personality disorder is likely to be an important influence on later social functioning, as well as being a risk factor for subsequent episodes of illness through the life events or difficulties it promotes. Previousresearch
British Journal of Psychiatry (1993), 162, 335â€”344 In the 50th Maudsley Lecture to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, Bowiby (1977) stated:

â€œ¿ The key point of my thesis is that there isa strong causal relationship between an individual's experiences with his parents and his later capacity to make affectional bonds, and that certain common variations in that capacity, manifesting themselves in marital problems and trouble with children as well as in neurotic symptoms and per sonality disorders, can be attributed to certain common variations in the ways that parents perform their roles. â€•
S1759078720001804jra 204..224

Fifth-generation technology is not fully deployed in the world wireless communication till date. Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band needs to be used due to plenty of available bandwidth and for achieving the goals of 5G such as greater data rate, ultra-high-speed video broadcasting, low latency services, and many more. Wideband antenna is required for 5G applications to access the high speed, low latency Internet services, and ultra-high-definition video streaming. Various bandwidth enhancement techniques have been reported by the researchers for microstrip antennas operating at microwave bands. High link losses, small wavelength, limited coverage, and environmental losses are the major challenges of mm-wave band. To mitigate these issues and satisfy 5G standard, an antenna with wide bandwidth, high gain, narrow steerable beam, high isolation, low side lobe levels, and multiband characteristics is required. Modifications in conventional antenna design techniques are required to achieve broader bandwidth along with stable radiation characteristics, improved gain, and low side lobe levels at mm-wave frequencies. This paper presents the survey of various bandwidth enhancement techniques which has been used in the 5G antennas designed by researchers. Reviews of some wideband 5G antennas with their performance comparisons are also discussed.
Sample characteristics of the first 100 cases in the Edinburgh High-Risk Study

Aims To establish the sam~le ingly compelling (Weinberger, 1995). The most common age of onset is in early adult characteristics ofthe first 100 subjects in life (HlhKr et al, 1993). The disorder itself this study of young adults at riskof is rare in childhood, but there is evidence schizophrenia for genetic reasons, and to (Done et al, 1994; Jones et al, 1994) that compare them with appropriate controls. those who go on to develop schizophrenia show abnormalities of behaviour from Method Details ofthe recruitment childhood. On the basis of this and other ofthe first 100 hieh-risk subiects aged evidence it has been suggested (Weinberger, a I 0 16-25 years into a prospective Scotland1986, 1995; Murray & Lewis, 1987) that schizophrenia is a disorder of neurowide study aregiven.Subjects and 30 agedevelopment of genetic, preor peri-natal and gender-matched normal controls cause which is largely compensated until were interviewed using the PSE, SADS-L early adult life. However, direct evidence and SIS and an unstructured psychiatric for this is lacking, and the exact nature of the abnormalities of the central nervous interview. system of individuals with schizophrenia is Results Some sinnif icant differences still being clarified. Knowledge of the struc" ture and function of the nervous system of emerged between the high-riskgroup people who subsequently develop s c b m . and the control grouP9 namely in previous phrenia, but who are not yet psychotic, is psychiatric history (31 v. 6.3%), forensic weaker. The mechanism by which the state contacts (19 v. 3.1%) and delinquent immediately before the psychosis (whether behaviour (20 v. 3.1%). There were also or not it is associated with behavioural abnormalities) switches into psychosis is differences in some parameters from the not ,aUy understood at all. SIS: childhood social isolation, interpersonal sensitivity, social isolation, suicidal ideation, restricted affect, oddness and disordered speech. HIGH-RISK STUDIES
A SLAM SYSTEM BASED ON HIDDEN MARKOV

Fuentes O. , Savage J., Contreras L. A SLAM System Based on Hidden Markov Models. Abstract. Methods of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) are a solution for the navigation problem of service robots. We present a graph SLAM system based on Hidden Markov Models (HMM) where the sensor readings are represented with different symbols using a number of clustering techniques; then, the symbols are fused as a single prediction, to improve the accuracy rate, using a Dual HMM. Our system’s versatility allows to work with different types of sensors or fusion of sensors, and to implement, either active or passive, graph SLAM. A graph-SLAM approach proposed by the International’s Karto Robotics in Cartographer, the nodes represent the pose of the robot and the edges the constraints between them. Nodes are usually defined according to contiguous nodes except when loop closures are detected where constraints for non-contiguous nodes are introduced, which corrects the whole graph. Detecting loop closure is not trivial; in the ROS implementation, scan matching is performed by Sparse Pose Adjustment (SPA). Cartographer uses an occupancy map in order to estimate the position where the map representation is done via Gmapping. The Toyota HSR (Human Support Robot) robot was used to generate the data set in both real and simulated competition environments. In our SLAM representation, we have wheel odometry estimate according to initial position of the robot, a Hokuyo 2D Lidar scan for observations, and a signal control and a world representation is estimated. We tested our system in the kidnapped robot problem by training a representation, improving it online, and, finally, solving the SLAM problem.
A FAST AND ACCURATE SOUND SOURCE LOCALIZATION METHOD USING OPTIMAL COMBINATION OF SRP AND TDOA METHODOLOGIES

This paper presents an automatic sound source localization approach based on a combination of the basic time delay estimation sub-methods namely, Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), and Steered Response Power (SRP) methods. The TDOA method is a fast but vulnerable approach for finding the sound source location in long distances and reverberant environments and is so sensitive in noisy situations. On the other hand, the conventional SRP method is time consuming, but a successful approach to accurately find sound source location in noisy and reverberant environments. Also, another SRP-based method, SRP Phase Transform (SRP-PHAT), has been suggested for the better noise robustness and more accuracy of sound source localization. In this paper, based on the combination of TDOA and SRP based methods, two approaches were proposed for sound source localization. In the first proposed approach called Classical TDOA-SRP, the TDOA method is used to find the approximate sound source direction and then SRP based methods were used to find the accurate location of sound source in the Field of View (FOV) which is obtained by the TDOA method. In the second proposed approach which called Optimal TDOA-SRP, for more reduction of computational processing time of SRP-based methods and better noise robustness, a new criterion has been proposed for finding the effective FOV which is obtained through the TDOA method. Experiments were carried out under different conditions confirming the validity of the purposed approaches.
Response of foundations subjected to vertical dynamic loading

Title of Thesis: RESPONSE OF FOUNDATIONS SUBJECTED TO VERTICAL DYNAMIC LOADING Ghassan Sutaih, Master of Science, 2015 Thesis Directed By: Professor, M. Sherif Aggour, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Design of machine foundations that are subject to dynamic loading require that their amplified displacement is within certain limit so that such displacement doesn’t impede the operation of the machine they are supporting. For the design of such foundations, several methods are available that are based on a mathematical solution of the differential equation that represents dynamic loads on an elastic half space. When the soil conditions are not uniform, the response cannot be predicted accurately by these methods and hence numerical methods should be used to analyze the problem. This research presents a numerical solution to a foundation subject to dynamic loading considering: 1) the effect of soil layering on the dynamic response. Specifically, a footing rests on a finite soil layer over an elastic half space and 2) the effect of the depth of embedment of a foundation in a homogenous elastic half space on its dynamic response. RESPONSE OF FOUNDATIONS SUBJECTED TO VERTICAL DYNAMIC LOADING
Detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in herpetofauna in Central Appalachia

Leptospirosis is a water borne zoonotic disease of global significance that is caused by pathogenic species of the genus Leptospira. Pathogenic leptospires live in the kidneys of reservoir or infected animals and are shed in their urine contaminating water, soil, etc. Rodents are considered the primary reservoir of leptospirosis, but little is known about the role of herpetofauna (non‐avian reptiles and amphibians) in the epidemiology of the disease. To address this, various species of amphibians and reptiles in the Cumberland Gap Region of the Central Appalachia were screened for the presence of Leptospira spp. Kidneys harvested from of a total of 116 amphibians and reptiles belonging to seven species of snakes, seven species of salamanders, seven species of frogs/toads, seven species of turtles and one species of lizards were tested using a highly specific TaqMan based qPCR that targets lipl32 gene of pathogenic Leptospira spp. Overall, 15 of the tested 116 amphibians and reptiles were positive (12.9%; 95% CI: 7.4%–20.4%). Of the 101 amphibians, 11 were positive (10.9%; 95% CI: 5.6%–18.7%), and 4 of the 15 reptiles tested positive (26.7%; 95% CI: 7.8%–55.1%). The amplified gene fragments of lipl32 from qPCR positive kidneys were sequenced and found to be identical with known pathogenic Leptospira spp. These results suggest that although the proportion of reptiles and amphibians transmitting pathogenic Leptospira spp. within the environment may be low as compared to rodents, they pose a risk to other susceptible hosts that share their habitats and may have role in maintaining a baseline infection in the environment.
A Conceptual Framework to Design Connected Mental Health Solutions in the United Arab Emirates: Questionnaire Study

Background Connected mental health (CMH) is a field presenting information and communications technology–based mental care interventions that could help overcome many mental care delivery barriers. Culture and background influence people’s attitudes, preferences, and acceptance of such solutions. Therefore, the suitability of CMH solutions to the targeted population is an important factor in their successful adoption. Objective The aim of this study is to develop a framework for the design and creation of CMH solutions suitable for the UAE context. The framework is based on investigating enablers and barriers of CMH adoption in the United Arab Emirates, from the mental health professional's (MHP) perspective and from related literature. Methods A survey of literature on relevant studies addressing the use of technology for mental care in Arab countries, and a web-based questionnaire-based survey with 17 MHPs practicing in the United Arab Emirates investigating their attitudes and views toward CMH was conducted. Results from the questionnaire and from related studies were analyzed to develop the design framework. Results On the basis of findings from the literature survey and analyzing MHP answers to the web-based survey, a framework for the design of CMH solutions for the UAE population was developed. The framework presents four types of recommendation categories: favorable criteria, which included blended care, anonymity, and ease of use; cultural factors including availability in multiple languages, mainly Arabic and English, in addition to religious and cultural considerations; technical considerations, including good-quality communication, availability in formats compatible with mobile phones, and providing technical support; and users’ health and data safety considerations, including users’ suitability testing, confidentiality, and ensuring MHP integrity. Conclusions CMH has the potential to help overcome many mental care barriers in the United Arab Emirates in particular and in the Arab world in general. CMH adoption in the United Arab Emirates has a potential for success. However, many factors should be taken into account, mainly cultural, religious, and linguistic aspects.
PARP1 is activated by membrane damage and is involved in membrane repair through poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ation

Mono(ADP‐ribosyl)ation and poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ation are posttranslational modifications evolutionarily conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They entail transfer of one or more ADP‐ribose moieties from NAD+ to acceptor proteins with the simultaneous release of nicotinamide. The resultant ADP‐ribosylated acceptor proteins regulate diverse cellular functions. For instance, ADP‐ribosyltransferase 1 (ART1) catalyzes mono(ADP‐ribosyl)ation of arginine residues in Trim72, a protein specifically expressed in muscle cells and involved in cell membrane repair, which is enhanced upon its ADP‐ribosylation. By contrast, the contribution made by ADP‐ribosylation to membrane repair in epithelial cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the involvement of ADP‐ribosylation in cell membrane repair in HEK293T and HeLa cells. We found that upon induction of membrane damage using streptolysin‐O, poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) catalyzed poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ation. In scratch assays, inhibition of PARP1 activity using the nonspecific PARP inhibitor PJ34 or shRNA targeting PARP1 delayed wound healing, suggesting that PARP1‐catalyzed poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ation plays a key role in membrane repair in epithelial cells.
The role of episodic memory in imagining autobiographical events: the influence of event expectancy and context familiarity

ABSTRACT Episodic memory plays a common role in constructing mental representations of past and imagined autobiographical events. Research has suggested that certain factors will affect how episodic memory is used during mental construction, such as the expectancy that an event will occur and the familiarity with an event’s context. The aim of the current study was to understand how these factors affect episodic memory engagement and subjective experience during event imagination. In a within-subjects design, participants viewed context cues (high or low in familiarity), described imagined autobiographical events (expected or not expected to occur in these contexts) and rated their experience. 24-hours later, participants recalled and described the same events. We found that expectancy of the imagined events was associated with quicker access and increased episodic detail generation, regardless of context familiarity. Additionally, both event expectancy and context familiarity affected the subjective quality of the imagined events. Examining the episodic details in descriptions after the delay revealed comparable effects of these two factors. Our results underscore the importance of event expectancy in recruiting episodic memory for imagined autobiographical experiences.
Detection, molecular characterization, and antibiogram of multi-drug resistant and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from pets and pet owners in Malaysia.

Background The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA) in animals and humans with continuous contact are a great zoonotic concern. Aims This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the carriage rate, genotypic characteristics, and to determine the antibiogram of S. aureus isolated from pets and pet owners in Malaysia. Methods Nasal and oral swab samples from 40 cats, 30 dogs, and 70 pet owners were collected through convenient sampling. Presumptive colonies on mannitol salt agar were subjected to biochemical identification. S. aureus and MRSA were confirmed by PCR detection of nuc and mecA genes, respectively. Molecular profiles for antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in S. aureus were also determined. The antibiogram was carried out via Kirby-Bauer test using 18 antibiotics. Results 17.5% of cats, 20% of dogs, and 27% of pet owners were S. aureus positive. MRSA was also detected in dogs, and pet owners. S. aureus isolates displayed high resistance against penicillin (72.7%), and amoxicillin/clavulanate (66.7%). 39.4% of S. aureus isolates showed multidrug-resistance traits, phenotypically. Molecular characterization of S. aureus revealed the presence of mecA, tetk, tetL, ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, scn, chp, sak, sep, and sea genes. Conclusion This study showed the emergence of MRSA and MDRSA in pets and pet owners in Malaysia. The antibiogram findings showed resistance of S. aureus to multiple antibiotics. Furthermore, molecular analysis of immune evasion cluster (IEC) strongly suggests the spread of animal-adapted S. aureus lineages among pets and pet owners.