Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elemental silver nano-sized crystals: various geometric forms and their specific growth parameters

Abstract The data have been systematized and generalized on the specific synthesis of elemental silver nano-sized crystals (Ag-NC) having the forms of various geometric bodies (pseudo spherical, prismatic, cubic, trigonal-pyramidal, etc.), obtained by various chemical, physicochemical and biological methods. It has been noted, that the form of the synthesized Ag-NC can be controlled by changing the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters at each key stage of the synthesis (nucleation, seeding, and growth). Moreover, the size range of spherical and cubic silver nanocrystals can be influenced by either physical, chemical or biological methods during the synthesis, but such forms as nanorods, nanowires and nanobars can only be synthesized by chemical or physical methods at the present time. The review covers articles comprehensively mainly published in the last 20 years.
Semisacrificial Template Growth of Self‐Supporting MOF Nanocomposite Electrode for Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation

Herein, the authors report, for the first time, the semisacrificial template growth of a self‐supporting metal–organic framework (MOF) nanocomposite electrode composed of ultrasmall iron‐rich Fe(Ni)‐MOF cluster‐decorated ultrathin Ni‐rich Ni(Fe)‐MOF nanosheets from the NiFe alloy foam, in which the Fe(Ni)‐MOF clusters are uniform with a particle size of 2–5 nm, while the thickness of the Ni(Fe)‐MOF nanosheets is only about 1.56 nm. When directly used as a self‐supported working electrode for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), it can afford an impressive electrocatalytic performance with required overpotentials of 227 and 253 mV to achieve current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively, much outperforming the benchmark of RuO2 and most state‐of‐the‐art noble‐metal‐free catalysts. Characterizations demonstrated that the combination of the unique nanostructure of the catalyst and the strong coupling effect between Ni and Fe active sites should be responsible for its excellent OER performance. Remarkably, when coupled with a Pt electrode in an overall water splitting system, they only needed 1.537 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2. The facile and economical methodology represents a new way to design and prepare high‐performance self‐supporting MOF electrocatalysts for highly efficient electrochemical processes.
Mathematical Model of the Emulsion Polymerization Stability for Vinyl Acetate, Methyl Methacrylate, Butyl Acrylate and Acrylic Acid Tetra-polymers

Abstract Based on the growth of latex particles surface area during the emulsion polymerization process and the DLVO (Dergagai-Landan-Vervey-Overbeek) theory of emulsion polymerization, a mathematical model of emulsion stability is established. The main hypothesis, based on the concept that the emulsion polymerization reaction occurs very quickly, is that emulsifier placed in the polymerization system is immediately wrapped on the surface of the latex particles. It is proposed that if the latex particle surface area growth (ΔS) and the latex particle surface area which is stabilized by added emulsifier () satisfy the relationship of , the polymerization system will be a relatively stable system where N is the number of seed latex particles and (/N)0.3 and (/N)0.7 signify the surface area of each stable latex particle when the coverage rate of emulsifier is 30% and 70%, respectively. Based on this hypothesis, the influences of emulsifier amount, diameter of the seeded latexes and distribution of the emulsifier in initial emulsion and the emulsifier added dropwise during the polymerization on the emulsion polymerization stability is simulated and calculated to realize the minimum aggregation during polymerization. According to the simulation results, two optimized polymerization process parameters were determined and verified through experiments based on the emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid.
Facilitating SNARE-mediated membrane fusion: structural and biochemical studies of SM proteins and the COG complex

The COG (conserved oligomeric Golgi) complex is required, along with SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) and SM (Sec1/Munc18) proteins, for vesicle docking and fusion at the Golgi. COG, like other multisubunit tethering complexes (MTCs), is thought to function as a scaffold and/or chaperone to direct the assembly of productive SNARE complexes at the sites of membrane fusion. Reflecting this essential role, mutations in the COG complex can cause congenital disorders of glycosylation. A deeper understanding of COG function and dysfunction will likely depend on elucidating its molecular structure. Despite some progress toward this goal, including EM studies of COG lobe A (subunits 1-4) and higher resolution structures of portions of Cog2 and Cog4, the structures of COG’s eight subunits and the principles governing their assembly are mostly unknown. Here, we report the crystal structure of a complex between two lobe B subunits, Cog5 and Cog7. The structure reveals that Cog5 is a new member of the CATCHR (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) fold family, with homology to subunits of other MTCs including the Dsl1, exocyst, and GARP (Golgi-associated retrograde protein) complexes. The Cog5–Cog7 interaction is analyzed in relation to the Dsl1 complex, the only other CATCHRfamily MTC for which subunit interactions have been characterized in detail. Biochemical and functional studies validate the physiological relevance of the observed Cog5–Cog7 interface, indicate that it is conserved from yeast to humans, and demonstrate that its disruption in human cells causes defects in trafficking and glycosylation.
Evaluation of inoculum size and fermentation period for bacterial cellulose production from sago liquid waste

The production of bacterial cellulose (BC) from sago liquid waste was examined. In this study, the influence of different inoculum size (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%) and fermentation period (5, 10, 15 and 20 days) for BC production were evaluated. The yield of BC was examined based on dry weight. The growth of bacteria in the fermentation medium was enumerated using pour plate technique. The profile of viable bacterial cell Acetobacter xylinum LKN6 on the BC pellicles was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the inoculum size and fermentation period had an effect on bacterial cellulose production from sago liquid waste. The inoculum size of 25% (v/v) produced highest yield of bacterial cellulose (13.85 g/L). The yield of BC increased with fermentation time and the optimum fermentation period was 15 days. The pattern of bacterial growth was related to BC production. The cell of A. xylinum LKN6 embedded in the bacterial cellulose pellicle and it was formed fibril cellulose secreted through bacteria cell wall. Therefore, the factors of inoculum size and incubation period affected production of bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste.
The Protective Effects of Fucoidan on Cisplatin Induced Testicular Cytotoxicity in Rats

Cisplatin is prevalently used as a chemotherapeutic agent for testis cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, brain tumors and many cancers such as those. Infertility and sterility may emerge, after treatment with chemotherapeutic agents, depending on patient characteristics and the dose of chemotherapeutic agent. Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide, which is derived from brown seaweeds. It is first isolated in 1913 from marine brown algae by Henrik Kylin. Fucoidan is especially found in the cell-wall of marine brown algae. Many effects of fucoidan such as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-complement, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-coagulant effects have been revealed by many studies in the literature. Furthermore, some studies suggest that fucoidan may enhance the antineoplastic effects of anticancer drugs. Besides beneficial effects of fucoidan, no toxic or adverse effect has been shown to date. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of fucoidan on testicular tissue and its effects on cisplatin induced testicular damage when used concomitantly with cisplatin.
New polymeric adsorbent materials used for removal of phenolic derivatives from wastewaters

Abstract Phenolic compounds are produced in thermal cracking processes, drugs and herbicides synthesis and other industrial processes. Such compounds exhibit high toxicity for aquatic environment and for aquatic life. So, due to their high toxicity is important to treat waters with phenols content. For the treatment of waste waters containing phenols or phenolic compounds several unconventional methods are applied, such as: inverse osmosis, coagulation, solvent extraction, flotation–coagulation combined processes, adsorption, and anaerobic processes. From all used remediation processes adsorption has a higher applicability degree due to its main advantages: simplicity, ease of use and operation and high efficiency. Through time activated carbon and ashes were used as adsorbent materials for phenols remediation, but such materials present the main disadvantage of low regeneration degree. Thus, it is important to develop and use new adsorbents with higher regeneration degree and longer life time. Polymeric materials have been used for removal of organic compounds and/or metal ions from contaminated water due to their versatility in functionality, morphology and texture properties. Chemical modification of polymeric matrices with pendant functional groups is a valuable method used to improve the surface and interface chemistry of polymeric adsorbents, to achieve better adsorption performance and to design tailor-made adsorbents with respect to specific pollutants. In present study new adsorbent materials were obtained starting from chloromethylated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers with different degrees of crosslinking (6.7%, 12% and respectively 15% DVB), functionalized by reaction with 3-hydroxibenzaldehyde. The polymeric intermediates were further modified by polymer-analogous reaction with iso-propylamine and diethylphosphite with the aim to improve their adsorptive properties. The obtained polymeric adsorbents were tested for remediation of waters containing phenol (P), 2,3-dimethylphenol (2,3-DMP) and 2,4,6-trimethyl-phenol (2,4,6-TMP). Based on obtained experimental data the adsorption mechanism, process kinetics and thermodynamics were studied.
Efectos biológicos de la cardiolipina extracelular en pulmón. Acción antiviral frente a la infección por el virus respiratorio sincitial

Para facilitar el intercambio gaseoso, el pulmon presenta la mayor area del cuerpo encontacto con el medio externo, lo que facilita la oxigenacion pero aumenta el riesgode infeccion e inflamacion por patogenos y endotoxinas presentes en el aire querespiramos. El epitelio alveolar (neumocitos tipo I y II) y los macrofagos alveolaresestan cubiertos por un fluido acuoso que contiene membranas extracelulares,sintetizadas y secretadas por los neumocitos tipo II, denominadas surfactantepulmonar.El surfactante pulmonar esta compuesto por un 90% en peso de lipidos(mayoritariamente fosfolipidos) y un 10% en peso de proteinas, dentro de lascuales encontramos las cuatro proteinas especificas del surfactante pulmonar SPA,SP-B, SP-C y SP-D. La principal funcion del surfactante pulmonar es reducir latension superficial en la interfase aire-liquido al final de la espiracion, evitando asiel colapso alveolar. Ademas, el surfactante pulmonar, juega un papel fundamentalen la defensa inmune innata del alveolo [Canadas and Casals, 2012]. Se hadescrito que las proteinas del surfactante SP-A y SP-D, denominadas colectinaspulmonares, actuan como opsoninas incrementando la fagocitosis de bacterias[McCormack and Whitsett, 2002] y son capaces de modular la respuesta inmuneinnata desencadenada por LPS [Stamme et al., 2002; Yamazoe et al., 2008]. Losfosfolipidos anionicos del surfactante, principalmente POPG, presentan efectoanti-inflamatorio en macrofagos estimulados con LPS [Kuronuma et al., 2009] yMycoplasma pneumoniae [Kandasamy et al., 2011], bloqueando la union de LPS aTLR4 o de M. pneumoniae a TLR2 [Kuronuma et al., 2009; Kandasamy et al., 2011]. Ademas, se ha descrito que POPG es capaz de neutralizar los virus respiratorios,influenza A y virus respiratorio sincitial (VRS), in vitro e in vivo [Numata et al., 2010;Numata et al., 2012]. Sin embargo, su accion anti-inflamatoria y antiviral desapareceal estar inmersos en las estructuras membranosas que forman el surfactantepulmonar.
A Method for Screening and Identification of Green Hypergolic Bipropellants

As of now, the most widely used hypergolic fuels are hydrazine derivates with nitrogen tetroxide as the oxidizer. The toxicity and carcinogenic character of these substances make their handling challenging even if gelled. Therefore, there is great interest throughout the propulsion community in finding alternatives for these substances. However, despite a thorough literature review, clear selection criteria for 'green' hypergols could not be found. To tackle this issue, we developed a set of key requirements and criteria for propellant selection. The major drivers were hypergolic ignitability, propellant performance, reduced toxicity, and economic factors. Then we used these criteria to carry out a screening aimed at identifying potential oxidizers, fuels, and additives. Hypergolicity was assessed by capturing ignition events of a simple drop test experiment with a high-speed camera. This setup allowed us to find a set of promising novel hypergolic propellants and to verify our screening method. Not only do liquid and gelled diamine fuels with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizer provide 96% of the specific impulse of the monomethylhydrazine/nitrogen tetroxide propellant system, but they also feature ignition delay times on the order of 15 ms.
Enantioselectivity of the Pseudomonas cepacia lipase towards 2-methyl-3-(or 4)-arylalkanols: an approach based on stereoelectronic theory and the molecular modeling

For a better understanding of the previously reported enantiose-lectivity of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PCL) in acylation of racemic primary alcohols, 2-methyl-3(or 4)-arylalkanols, molecular model-ing of tetrahedral intermediates (TIs) at the active site was per-formed. The most probable conformers of TIs were elucidated and their interactions with the amino acid residues of the binding pockets at the enzyme active site were studied. The free energy difference between TIs of two enantiomers was approximated by the differ-ences in potential energy and the solvent accesible surface area. Correlation between the H(His286) … O(Ser87) hydrogen bond dif-ferences of diastereomeric, low energy gauche-TIs, and experimen-tally determined enantiomeric ratios was found. In agreement with the stereoelectronic theory, the gauche-TI precedes ester release.
Floating Microspheres of Enalapril Maleate as a Developed Controlled Release Dosage Form: Investigation the Effect of Ionotropic Gelation Technique

English Title: Floating Microspheres of Enalapril Maleate as a Developed Controlled Release Dosage Form: Investigation the Effect of Ionotropic Gelation Technique Turkish Title: Geliştirilmiş Kontrollü Salım Dozaj Formu Olarak Enalapril Maleatin Yüzen Mikroküreleri: İyonotropik Jelleşme Tekniğinin Etkisinin Araştırılması English Short Title: Floating Microspheres of Enalapril Maleate Turkish Short title: Enalapril Maleatin Yüzen Mikroküreleri
Electrochemical Characterization of Sky Honey Mediated by Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Carbon Nanotube

Sky honey (SH), a kind of sweet was studied to identify its uses in human lives and its applications in different areas. Electrochemical analysis by cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize SH in aqueous solution. Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with carbon nanotube (CNT), i.e. CNT/GCE by mechanical attachment method via cyclic voltammetric technique to study the oxidation-reduction current peaks of SH at different electrolytes, concentrations, scan rates, pH and temperatures. Moreover, the study included the reliability and stability of CNT on the GCE surface.
Technical note: Effects of Uncertainties and Number of Data points
on Inference from Data – a Case Study on New Particle Formation

Abstract. Fitting a line on a scatterplot of two measured variables is considered as one of the simplest statistical procedures researchers can do. However, this simplicity is deceptive as the line fitting procedure is actually quite a complex problem. Atmospheric measurement data never comes without some measurement error. Too often, these errors are neglected when researchers are making inferences from their data. To demonstrate the problem, we simulated datasets with different amounts of data and error, mimicking the dependence of atmospheric new particle formation rate (J1.7) on sulphuric acid concentration (H2SO4). Both variables have substantial measurement error and thus they are good test variables for our study. We show that ordinary least squares (OLS) regression results in strongly biased slope values compared with six error-in-variables (EIV) regression methods (Deming, Principal component analysis, orthogonal, Bayesian EIV, and two different bivariate regression methods) known to take into account errors in the variables.
Fragmented lignin-assisted synthesis of a hierarchical ZnO nanostructure for ammonia gas sensing

In the present study, we demonstrated the use of fragmented lignin in the synthesis of a hierarchical-type structure of ZnO nanorods. Lignin was isolated from bagasse by the microwave assisted method and its fragmentation was achieved in alkaline conditions along with hydrogen peroxide. Lignin and fragmented lignin were purified by crystallisation followed by column chromatography and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Frontier infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H-NMR and high resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). Fragmented lignin was utilized as a template for the synthesis of ZnO nanorods, which were characterized by powder XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-DRS for the determination of crystal structure, particle morphology and band gap. XRD of the ZnO samples revealed a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The morphology of ZnO without fragmented lignin showed agglomerated nanoparticles and with fragmented lignin, a self-assembled hierarchical nanostructure due to nanorods of 30 nm diameter and 200–500 nm length was observed. The fragmented lignin showed a pronounced effect on the particle size and morphology of ZnO nanoparticles. We measured the response of the hierarchical ZnO nanostructure (50 ppm) for sensing NH3 in terms of change in voltage across known resistance. We observed the response and recovery upon introduction of the analyte ammonia gas at 175 °C.
Influence of functional groups on toxicity of carbon nanomaterials

Abstract. It has been recognized that carbon nanomaterials and soot particles are toxic for human health, but the influence of functionalization on their toxicity as well as the evolution of the toxicity of carbon nanomaterials due to chemical aging in the atmosphere is still controversial. In the current study, the oxidation potential measured by dithiothreitol (DTT) decay rate and the cytotoxicity to murine macrophage cells of different functionalized carbon nanomaterials were investigated to understand the role of functionalization in their toxicities. The DTT decay rates of special black 4A (SB4A), graphene, graphene oxide, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), SWCNT-OH and SWCNT-COOH were 45.9±3.0, 58.5±6.6, 160.7±21.7, 38.9±8.9, 57.0±7.2 and 36.7±0.2 pmol min−1 µg−1, respectively. Epoxide was found to be mainly responsible for the highest DTT decay rate of graphene oxide compared to other carbon nanomaterials based on comprehensive characterizations. Both carboxylation and hydroxylation showed little influence on the oxidation potential of carbon nanomaterials, while epoxidation contributes to the enhancement of oxidation potential. All these carbon nanomaterials were toxic to the murine J774 cell line. However, oxidized carbon nanomaterials (graphene oxide, SWCNT-OH and SWCNT-COOH) showed weaker cytotoxicity to the J774 cell line compared to the corresponding control sample as far as the metabolic activity was considered and stronger cytotoxicity to the J774 cell line regarding the membrane integrity and DNA incorporation. These results imply that epoxidation might enhance the oxidation potential of carbon nanomaterials.
TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BRAKE DISCS COATED WITH Cr2O3–40% TiO2 BY PLASMA SPRAYING

In this study, the tribological properties of Cr2O3–40% TiO2 coating for brake disc materials were investigated in braking performances. Plasma spraying technique was used in order to deposit coating materials onto cast iron disc with ventilation channels substrate. The braking performances of discs were tested according to SAE J2430 test standard. Microstructures of discs were characterized by means of light microscope (LM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The surface hardness and roughness were measured with testers. In general, it is noted from the LM and SEM images that there was an infinite gradation between coating layer, binding material and the lamellar graphite cast iron and that bonding resistance was excellent. The coated disc exhibited less wear, approximately the same coefficient of friction and longer life than the uncoated disc. As a result, the coated disc could be a much better alternative for new-generation brake discs in the motor vehicles than the uncoated disc.
Optimization of sulfamethazine sodium adsorption onto activated carbon-based Salix psammophila: investigation of adsorption behavior and mechanism

Abstract A study on the adsorption of sulfamethazine sodium (SMS) from aqueous solution onto the activated carbon (AC)-based Salix psammophila (SP) by phosphoric acid activation was conducted. The central composite design under response surface methodology was employed for the removal of SMS and the process parameters were optimized. Influence of adsorbent dose, initial concentration of SMS, contact time and solution pH on the adsorption capacity of AC was investigated. The optimum adsorption conditions were obtained using adsorbent dosage of 0.54 g/L, initial concentration of 322 mg/L, contact time of 8 hours, pH value of 4.04. Kinetic studies showed the adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model and Elovich model. The experimental equilibrium data were fitted Koble-Corrigan model and Freundlich model well and the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of AC calculated by Langmuir model was 338.58 mg/g at 25 °C. In addition, AC was characterized by the SEM–EDS, BET, FITR and point of zero charge (pHpzc). The mechanisms of SMS sorption onto AC were explored. Desorption and regeneration tests were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of reusing the AC. This study indicated the AC prepared from SP was an excellent adsorbent with the low cost and high performance. Graphical Abstract
Event study analysis application for testing of the information value of analyst recommendations on Russian public companies

This article provides description of the event study analysis and its application for testing of the information value of analyst reports that are issued by brokerage firms on Russian public companies. Event study method allows to evaluate abnormal return that exists due to issuance of new analyst recommendation change in the short-term. Results of the empirical research show that quotes of Russian stocks statistically significantly increase as a result of recommendation upgrade by investment analyst during 2-3 days after the event and statistically significantly decrease as a result of recommendation downgrade. These results are robust for different data subsets and are consistent as for MICEX stock exchange so for London stock exchange.