Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biomedical chemistry : applying chemical principles to the understanding and treatment of desease

DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT LEADS FROM FUNDAMENTALS OF ENZYME TRANSFORMATIONS AND MECHANISMS Sleeping Sickness: Irreversible Inhibitors of S-Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase as Antitrypanosomal Agents (P. Woster) Mechanism-Based S-Adenosyl-L-Homocysteine Hydrolase Inhibitors in the Search For Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents (D. Yin, et al.) Alcoholism: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibitors as Alcohol Deterrent Agents (H. Nagasawa, et al.) AIDS: Adenosine Deaminase-Activated Prodrugs for the Treatment of Huamn Immunodeficiency Virus in the Central Nervous System (J. Driscoll) Anti-HIV Phosphotriester Pronucleotides: Basis for the Rational Design of Biolabile Phosphate Protecting Groups (C. Perigaud, et al.) EXPLORATION OF FUNDAMENTAL CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES IN DRUG DESIGN AND DISCOVERY AIDS: Potential Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication (G. Kenyon) From Chemical Warfare Agent to Anticancer Drug: The Chemistry of Phosphoramide Mustard (S. Ludeman) Phosphoryltyrosyl Mimetics as Signaling Modulators and Potential Antitumor Agents (T. Burke, et al.) Targeting Tumors Using Magnetic Drug Delivery (S. Pulfer & J. Gallo) Cancer: Superacid Generation of New Antitumor Agents (J.-C. Jacquesy & J. Fahy) Fluorine Substitution as a Modulator of Biological Processes (K. Kirk) UNDERSTANDING THE CHEMICAL BASIS OF DRUG ACTION AND DISEASE Thiouracil and Related Thioureylene Compounds as Melanoma-Seekers: Paradigms for a Chemical Approach to the Design of Targeting Anticancer Agents (M. d'Ischia & G. Prota) Carbon-Centered Radicals and Rational Design of New Antimalarial Peroxide Drugs (G. Posner, et al.) The Chemistry of Parkinson's Disease (G. Dryhurst, et al.) NOVEL CHEMISTRIES IN THE VANGUARD OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY New Generation of DNA Chips Based on Real-Time Biomimetic Recognition (F. Garnier) Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNA): Towards Gene Therapeutic Drugs (P. Nielsen) Ribozyme Mimics: The Evolution of Gene-Specific Chemotherapy (T. Osiek, et al.) Index.
Play-in-learning: Studying the impact of emotion and cognition in undergraduate engineering learning

engineering about multidisciplinary research, in the ﬁelds of energy engineering, biomedical engineering, and engineering education. His university research has focused on development of industrial energy-efﬁcient technologies and cancer therapies using energy restriction methods. His published research works enjoy an h-index of 25. Leon’ ﬁrst love is however for teaching. He co-developed and taught a unique freshman course on ”Innovation”, where students work in so-called ”whole-brain” thinking teams when addressing technological problems. These helped show that innovation for a sustainable world can be maximised by the convergence of natural sciences, engineering sciences, and the arts. At the UIUC, Leon is currently investigating pedagogies of engagement for use in the engineering curriculum. He focuses on self-directed learning and play-in-learning. Leon is collaborating with colleagues from various disciplines in this venture. He also founded the TechnoLab technology awareness facility for junior engineering students and for school children, where the learners work in small teams to solve problems using Lego Dacta and other didactic equipment. The TechnoLab model has been adopted by several South African schools since its inception in 1997. also founded the Space and Aviation Challenge for school learners in South Africa, which at demystifying the aeronautical engineering
Head and Neuroanatomy

Head 1 Cranial Bones 1.5 The Basal Aspect of the Skull 2 Muscles of the Head 3 Blood Vessels 4 Cranial Nerves 5 Topographic Anatomy 6 Oral Cavity 7 Nose 8 Orbit and Globe 9 Petrous Bone and Ear 10 Sectional Anatomy Neuroanatomy 1 Introduction to the Central Nervous System 2 Meninges of the Brain and Spinal Cord 3 Cerebrospinal Fluid Spaces 4 Telencephalon 5 Diencephalon 5.3 Internal Structure of the Diencephalon: Division into Levels and Serial Sections 6 Brainstem 7 Cerebellum 8 Spinal Cord 9 Vasculature of the Brain 10 Sectional Anatomy 11 Autonomic Nervous System 12 Functional Systems
Gene expression profiling of peripheral T-cell lymphoma: from bench to bedside

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) represent approximately 12% of lymphoid neoplasms (1). Their incidence varies among countries, being higher in HTLV-1 endemic areas, such as Southern Japan, Caribbean basin and some USA districts.1 PTCLs are a heterogeneous group of tumors that can be roughly subdivided into specified and not otherwise specified (NOS) forms.2 While the former correspond to distinct but rare entities, often occurring at extra-nodal sites, the latter represent the commonest type of T-cell lymphoma (40-50% of cases), followed by the angioimmunoblastic (AITL) and anaplastic large cell (ALCL) ones.
Bacterial, Phage and Molecular Genetics: An Experimental Course

I. General. - A. Abbreviations and Expressions Frequently Used. - B. Basic Equipment for the Experiments. - C. Calculation of Titers and Some Statistical Methods. - D. Technical Literature. - II. Experiments and Problems. - A. Phage Growth and Ultracentrifugation. - 1. Large Scale Production of Phage T4. - 2. Purification and Concentration of Phage T4. - a) Dextransulfate - PEG Two-Phase Technique. - 3. Purification and Concentration of Phage T4. - b) Centrifugation with and without CsCl. - 4. Determination of the Density of Phages by CsCl Gradient Centrifugation. - 5. Estimation of Sedimentation Constants by Sucrose Gradient Centrifugation 43 Problems. - B. Nucleic Acids and Transcription. - 6. Isolation of DNA from T4 or T5 Phages. - 7. Thermal De- and Renaturation of DNA from Different Organisms. - 8. Isolation of 3H-Uridine-labeled mRNA from Bacteria Infected with T4. - 9. Hybridization of Phage-DNA and Phage-mRNA on Nitrocellulose Filters. - 10. Time of Gene Transcription - Determined by Phenocopying with 5-Fluorouracil 72 Problems. - C. Mutation and Photobiology. - 11 Genotype and Phenotype. - 12. Proof of the Random Distribution of Spontaneous Mutations. - 13. Mutagenic and Inactivating Action of Ultraviolet Light on Phage Kappa. - 14. Reversible Photochemical Alteration of Cytidylic Acid. - 15. Chemical Induction of Forward and Back Mutations in Bacteria. - Problems. - D. Transfer and Recombination of Genetic Material. - 16. Conjugation of E. coli Bacteria. - 17. Two- and Three-Factor Crosses with Phage Kappa. - 18. Transduction of Linked and Unlinked Genetic Markers with Phage P1. - 19. Transfer and Elimination of a Plasmid (F'lac). - 20. Induction of Lysogenic and Bacterio-cinogenic Bacteria. - 21. Transfection of E. coli Spheroplasts with DNA of Phage Lambda. - Problems. - E. Phenotypic Expression. - 22. Determination of a Metabolic Block by Auxanography and Syntrophy. - 23. Complementation of Nonsense Mutants of Phage Kappa 1. - 24. Constitutive and Induced Synthesis of ss-Galactosidase. - 25. The Morphopoesis of T4 Phages. - Problems. - III. Appendix. - A. Nutrient Media and Solutions. - B. Strains of Bacteria and Phages. - C. Sources of Supplies for Experiments. - D. The Recording of Scientific Experiments. - IV. Experimental Results and Answers to the Problems. - A. Experimental Results. - B. Answers to the Problems. - The Genetic Code.
NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) ON CISPLATIN INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN MALE WISTAR RATS

Objectives: The present study investigated the in vivo antioxidant and nephroprotective potential of ethanolic extract of garlic ( Allium sativum L.) against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar male rats. Methods: Nephrotoxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg b.w.) on the first day of the experiment. The animals were treated with ethanolic extract of garlic at doses 150 mg/kg b.w. and 300 mg/kg b.w. for four consecutive days. The effect of the higher dose (300 mg/kg b.w.) of garlic extract on normal rats was also studied. The animals were sacrificed on the fifth day and enzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxidation were assessed in kidney whereas urea, creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were quantified in serum samples. Results: Cisplatin induction resulted in a decrease in the activities of kidney antioxidants with a concomitant increase in kidney weight, lipid peroxidation along with serum kidney markers like urea, creatinine, uric acid and BUN. Treatment with ethanolic extract of garlic rendered a protective effect by boosting up the antioxidant levels and reverting back the markers to near normalcy. The garlic extract at higher dose also had no significant biochemical alterations in normal rats. Conclusion: The results from this study reveals that the ethanolic extract of garlic possess a potential nephroprotective property with no aftereffects. Keywords: Allium sativum , Cisplatin, Antioxidants, Nephroprotective, Kidney markers.
NetSurfP-2.0: improved prediction of protein structural features by integrated deep learning

The ability to predict local structural features of a protein from the primary sequence is of paramount importance for unravelling its function in absence of experimental structural information. Two main factors affect the utility of potential prediction tools: their accuracy must enable extraction of reliable structural information on the proteins of interest, and their runtime must be low to keep pace with sequencing data being generated at a constantly increasing speed. Here, we present an updated and extended version of the NetSurfP tool (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/NetSurfP-2.0/), that can predict the most important local structural features with unprecedented accuracy and runtime. NetSurfP-2.0 is sequence-based and uses an architecture composed of convolutional and long short-term memory neural networks trained on solved protein structures. Using a single integrated model, NetSurfP-2.0 predicts solvent accessibility, secondary structure, structural disorder, and backbone dihedral angles for each residue of the input sequences. We assessed the accuracy of NetSurfP-2.0 on several independent test datasets and found it to consistently produce state-of-the-art predictions for each of its output features. We observe a correlation of 80% between predictions and experimental data for solvent accessibility, and a precision of 85% on secondary structure 3-class predictions. In addition to improved accuracy, the processing time has been optimized to allow predicting more than 1,000 proteins in less than 2 hours, and complete proteomes in less than 1 day.
George Perry’s molluscan taxa and notes on the editions of his Conchology of 1811

The molluscan taxa named by George Perry in his two publications, the Arcana; or the museum of natural history:, etc., published in 1810–1811, and the Conchology of 1811 are listed with notations on their current status, some figures being identified to the species level for the first time, some being placed in the synonymy of earlier names and others declared nomina dubia. Five species that are identified as previously unused senior subjective synonyms of names in current usage and one unused senior primary homonym are declared nomina oblita. Those declared herein to be nomina oblita are: Triplex cornuta Perry, 1811; Buccinella quadrata Perry, 1811; Cassis rotundata Perry, 1811; Aranea tentacula Perry, 1811; Buccinella tuberculata Perry, 1811; and Solen viride [sic; correctly viridis]. The names conserved are, respectively: Murex brevifrons Lamarck, 1822; Cancellaria spengleriana Deshayes, 1830; Cassis madagascariensis Lamarck, 1822; Murex cabritii Bernardi, 1859; Turbinella [now Vasum] globulus Lamarck, 1816; and Solen viridis Say, 1822.Three Perry species are shown to be senior synonyms of names in current use but do not qualify for nomen oblitum status under the Code. They are: Tellina aurea Perry, 1811; Triplex rosaria Perry, 1811; and Voluta pattersonia Perry, 1811. Junior subjective synonyms affected by these three are, respectively: Tellina vulsella Hanley, 1845; Chicoreus palmarosae (Lamarck, 1822); and Lyria nucleus (Lamarck, 1811). Type species designations for Perry’s genera are listed and type species are designated for Columna and Strigula. The treatment of Perry’s Conchology by other authors is discussed. Three distinct editions of the Conchology are identified. Perry’s Arcana is the subject of another paper now in preparation but its mollusks are treated herein.
RNA Polymerase B from Drosophila melanogaster Larvae

A purification procedure is described by which we obtained DNA-dependent RNA polymerase B (or II) from third-instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster in essentially pure form. The enzyme is similar to the analogous polymerases from other eukaryotes in its enzymic and structural properties. It preferentially transcribes DNAs containing single-stranded regions, and it is inhibited by low amounts of the toxin alpha-amanitin; 50% inhibition occurs at an alpha-amanitin concentration of 0.03 mug/ml. Dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolves the purified Drosophila polymerase B into ten polypeptides with molecular weights as follows: 1 (174000), 2 (137000), 3 (34000), 4 (22000), 5 (18000), 6 and 7 (16000), 8 (15000), and 9 and 10 (less than 15000). The relative amounts of polypeptides 1-4 were constant at molar ratios of approximately 1:1:1:2 in different preparations of the enzyme, while the amounts of polypeptides 5-10 showed more variation. An antiserum directed against the Drosophila RNA polymerase B inhibited the activity in vitro of the B enzymes from Drosophila, yeast, and calf thymus. However, only the Drosophila enzyme gave a precipitin reaction with the antiserum. When the antiserum was added to Drosophila RNA polymerase B at different stages of the purification, the resulting precipitates were found to contain nearly constant proportions of seven of the ten polypeptides present in the purified enzyme.
Targeting lipid signalling in cancer

Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) play an important role in a variety of cellular activities, including mitogenic signalling and cell survival, cytoskeletal remodelling, metabolic control, proliferation and vesicular trafficking. Consistent with their function in cell survival and growth, the gene for the class Iα PI3K catalytic subunit is a common site of cancer mutations. Ongoing structural studies of these enzymes and the complexes they make with their regulatory subunits have helped to clarify the mechanistic basis of this role in tumor development. The broad spectrum of biological activities associated with various isotypes of class I PI3Ks has led to an intense search for isotype-specific inhibitors as tools in mammalian cell biology and for therapeutic application.
Work Performance and the Impact of Social Network as a Communication Tool: A Case of Support Services Employees at a Private Hospital

Social networks have evolved into a ubiquitous communication tool to swiftly deliver and receive messages, for instance through email or social media. In the workplace context, staff’s employee performance can be enhanced through the use of communication platforms which teach them things that can be picked up from co-workers. An example of such a platform is social media. The use of social networks can offer many benefits to employees’ communication skills and work performance. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between social networks as a tool of communication and its influence on work performance. This offers firms the ability to implement and take full advantage of the benefits offered by social networking towards work performance. This study was conducted among staff members of support services at Private Hospital where 141 questionnaires were distributed. The collected data was subjected to multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that there exists a positive relationship between cooperation, knowledge sharing and interactivity with work performance. All hypotheses in this study were supported. This research provides knowledge and information regarding methods to improve work performance of employees by utilizing social networking, and also contributes to the collection of existing literature in the field.
Developing Measures of Dialogic Communication on Organizational Change: An Exploratory Study

The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a dialogic communication scale on the setting of organizational change. This scale can be served as a basis for the assessment of dialogic communication from the employees’ perspective Based on the previous literature, this study conceptualized the construct of dialogic communication into five dimensions and generated an initial measurement of 20 items. The samples empirical data obtained was used to analyze the empirical validation of dialogic communication construct according to its underlying dimensionality. Findings developed 16 items scale that measured the five dimensions. A tentative norm of dialogic communication scale is presented while the scale’s theoretical and practical applications were also discussed. In conjunction with past recommendations, this study pioneered the effort of developing a quantitative dialogic communication scale that is hopeful to bolster the effective communication effort in organizational change. Additionally, the findings offer sound theoretical development of dialogic communication.
Performance Analysis of Repeated Index Modulation with Coordinate Interleaving over Nakagami-m Fading Channel

In this paper, a new Space-Time Block Coded Spatial Modulation (SM) scheme based on the Golden Code, called the In this paper, we evaluate the symbol error performance of an extended Index Modulation for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (IM-OFDM), namely repeated index modulation-OFDM with coordinated interleaving (abbreviated as ReCI), over the Nakagami-m fading channel. The ReCI system attains higher error performance than the conventional IM-OFDM with coordinate interleaving (IMOFDM-CI). In order to investigate the system performance over the Nakagami-m fading channel, we derive the closed-form expressions for the symbol error probability (SEP) and the bit error probability (BEP). The analytical results give interesting insights into the dependence of SEP on system parameters. Their tightness is also validated by numerical results, which show that our proposed scheme can provide considerably better error performance than the conventional IM-OFDM and IM-OFDM-CI at the same spectral efficiency.
Membranes for life sciences

Introduction Membranes for Haemodialysis Gas Exchange Membranes for Artificial Lung and Lung Support Systems Membranes for Blood Plasma Separation and Blood Plasma Treatment Membranes in the Biopharmaceutical Industry Membrane Applications in Red and White Biotechnology Membranes in Controlled Release Drug Delivery Through Skin - Overcoming the Ultimate Biological Membrane Application of Membranes in Tissue Engineering and Biohybrid Organ Technology Membranes in Bio-artificlal Pancreas
Cost effective medium for the laboratory culture of live feed micro algae

Extracts of the green seaweed Ulva lactuca promoted the growth and the multiplication of three species of micro algae, Tetraselmis gracilis, Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrarzs 250-325% more than those cultures supplemented with vitamins (B, and B,,). When these microalgae were cultured in seawater supplemented with varying levels of extracts of garden soil and Ulva lactuca, Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis gracilis registered 16% and 58% increase in growth respectively and 19% decrease in growth by Chaetoceros. The results are discussed in the light of preparations of a low cost effective and ready to use recipe for the mass culture of these live feed organisms.
Protective Effect of Panax ginseng Against Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) - Induced Oxidative Brain Injury in Rats

This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Panax ginseng against acute brain damage induced by CCl4 in rats. A total of 30 healthy female Sprague–Dawley rats were divided in to three groups. Sedentary control group (group C) injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with physiological saline as placebo for 7 consecutive days. CCl4 toxication group was injected by i.p. a single dose of CCl4 (group CCl4). Panax ginseng plus CCl4 group (200 mg/kg) was feeding through an orogastric tube for 7 consecutive days prior to CCl4 injection (group CCl4 + PG). The degree of protection in brain tissue was evaluated by the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and nitric oxide (NO). Panax ginseng showed a significant brain-protective effect by decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA) and elevated the activities of GSH and SOD (p<0.05). Consequently Panax ginseng was blocked oxidative brain damage induced by CCl4 in rats
The Impact of Whole Genome In Silico Screening for Nuclear Receptor‐Binding Sites in Systems Biology

Each individual human gene is under the control of a large set of transcription factors that can bind upstream and downstream of its transcription start site (TSS) [1]. These sites typically arrange into collections of neighboring sites, the so-called modules or enhancers. Modules of transcription factors that act on focused genomic regions have been shown to be far more effective than individual factors on isolated locations and can act from large distances up to hundreds of thousands of base pairs. In an ideal case, such transcription factor modules can be identified by parallel and comparative analysis of their binding sites. Here, bioinformatics approaches can be of great help, in case they can predict the actions of the transcription factors precisely enough [2].
Development of a non-thermal gliding-arc discharge reactor for biomass tar treatment

Non-thermal plasma technology is an interesting method for removal of tar from gasified biomass. In this study, AC gliding-arc reactors with a reverse vortex flow configuration were developed for biomass tar treatment. Successful generation of plasma discharge was obtained at high volume flows of treated gas. Preliminary experimental results showed that the onset of electric discharge occurred at about 10 kV. A large number of plasma discharges was evident. For our developed prototype, electric power input, total gas feed rate, and various carrier gases (Air, N2, N2+C10H8) were adjusted to investigate their effects on the discharge phenomena. The reverse vortex flow gliding arc discharges showed high residence times for potential chemical reactions inside the reactor. From preliminary tests, maximum removal efficiency of a representative tar compound of more than 93% was found, at an energy utilization efficiency of about 30 g/kWh.