Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pinisi Discretion Review

The government issued a policy of BOS (School Operational Assistance) aims to maximize the performance of schools to meet all school needs that can support student learning achievement which ultimately results in good and quality educational goals. The purpose of this study was 1) to find out the implementation of the School Operational Assistance (BOS) policy at SMK Negeri 5 Pangkep in Pangkejene and Kepulauan Regency, 2) to determine the level of student achievement in SMK 5 Pangkep in Pangkejene and Kepulauan Regency, 3) to determine the effect of the policy School Operational Assistance (BOS) on the level of student achievement in SMK 5 Pangkep in Pangkejene and Kepulauan Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach, with a population of 305 people and a sample of 62 respondents. Data collection techniques through observation, angekt, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results showed that 1) The implementation of BOS policy of the four indicators ranging from communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure as a whole was considered to be going well which reached a percentage of 77.33 percent, 2) Student achievement in SMK Negeri 5 Pangkep from cognitive, psychomotor, and affective indicators which overall of the three indicators reached report card which is 4 or 82.17 percent considered good. 3) The implementation of BOS policy has a moderate and positive influence on student achievement with an R square (r2) score of 42.10 percent. The influence of the management of BOS funds on student achievement in SMK 5 Pangkep has a positive impact because of the availability of facilities needed by students even though it is not adequate or complete as a whole, but its management has been maximally used in improving student achievement. In addition, with the BOS funds the costs incurred by parents of students are also aided so that there is encouragement so that their children can increase education at school and develop the talents and interests of the students.
PREVENTION OF HYPOTENTION AFTER SPINAL ANAESTHESIA IN ELECTIVE CAESAREAN SECTIONS

Objective: Comparing the efficacy of crystalloid pre-load and co-load on reducing hypotension and improving APGAR score in patients receiving spinal anaesthesia for elective caesarean sections. Study Design: Randomized controlled study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at Combined Military Hospital Bahawalpur, after seeking permission from ethics committee. The data was collected for 06 months from Jan to Jul 2017. Methodology: Patients with ASA classification 1 and 2, aged 18-40 years were included. Group A received 15ml/kg Hartmann’s solution as preloading solution in 15 minutes before the induction of spinal anaesthesia. Group B received 15ml/kg of Hartmann’s solution as co-loading solution after performing a block in 15min. Results: This study includes 314 patients (157 in each group). Our study population was slightly predominated by females 170 (54%) as compared to 144 (46%) males. The average Apgar score in both groups were 9.8 ± 0.58 and 9.7 ± 0.436. Out of 314 patients, 169 patients (54%) were ASA I and remaining 46% were ASA II. Overall hypotention was noted in 67 patients (21.3%) of group A and 30 patients (9.6%) of group B. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001*). Improving Apgar score was noted in 54 patients (17.2%) of group-A and 117 patients (37.3%) of group-B. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001*). Conclusion: It is concluded that co-load is better than pre-load in reducing hypotension and improving Apgar score in patients receiving spinal anaesthesia for elective caesarean sections.
Application of the ECT9 protocol for radiocarbon-based source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosols

Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosol is mainly composed of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). Both OC and EC originate from a variety of emission sources. Radiocarbon (14C) analysis can be used to apportion bulk aerosol, OC, and EC into their sources. However, such analyses require the physical separation of OC and EC. Here, we apply of ECT9 protocol to physically isolate OC and EC for 14C analysis and evaluate its effectiveness. Several reference materials are selected, including two pure OC (fossil “adipic acid” and contemporary “sucrose”), two pure EC (fossil “regal black” and “C1150”), and three complex materials containing contemporary and/or fossil OC and EC (“rice char”, NIST urban dust standards “SRM1649a” and “SRM8785”, i.e., fine fraction of resuspended SRM1649a on filters). The pure materials were measured for their OC, EC, and total carbon (TC) mass fractions and corresponding carbon isotopes to evaluate the uncertainty of the procedure. The average accuracy of TC mass, determined via volumetric injection of a sucrose solution, was approximately 5 %. Ratios of EC/TC and OC/TC were highly reproducible, with analytical precisions better than 2 % for all reference materials, ranging in size from 20 to 100 µg C. Consensus values were reached for all pure reference materials for both δ13C and fraction modern (F14C), with an uncertainty of < 0.3 ‰ and approximately 5 %, respectively. The procedure introduced 1.3 ± 0.6 µg of extraneous carbon, an amount compatible to that of the Swiss_4S protocol. In addition, OC and EC were isolated from mixtures of pure contemporary OC (sucrose) with pure fossil EC (regal black) and fossil OC (adipic acid) with contemporary EC (rice char EC) to evaluate the effectiveness of OC and EC separation. Consensus F14C values were reached for all OC (∼ 5–30 µg) and EC (∼ 10–60 µg) fractions with an uncertainty of ∼ 5 % on average. We found that the ECT9 protocol efficiently isolates OC or EC from complex mixtures. Based on δ13C measurements, the average contribution of charred OC to EC is likely less than 3 % when the OC loading amount is less than 30 µg C. Charring was further assessed by evaluating thermograms of various materials, including aerosol samples collected in the Arctic and from tailpipes of gasoline or diesel engines. These data demonstrate that the ECT9 method effectively removes pyrolyzed OC. Thus, the ECT9 protocol, initially developed for concentration and stable isotope measurements of OC and EC, is suitable for 14C-based apportionment studies, including µg C-sized samples from arctic environments.
Selectivity in Micellar Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography: C-18 and C-8 Alkyl Bonded Phases

Employing a set of six vanillin compounds as retention probes, the role of the surfactant-modified stationary phase in the micellar liquid chromatographic (MLC) separation process was investigated. Specifically, the effect of surfactant adsorption on retention and selectivity in MLC was evaluated by comparing the retention behavior of the vanillin compounds in different micellar media. Surfactant adsorption was found to produce distinct changes in the selectivity of the stationary phase. In fact, differences in selectivity between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar reversed-phase liquid chromatography were found to be due to the differing nature of the SDS and CTAB bonded phase association
An apparatus for precise measurement of gas solubility and vapor pressure of mixed solvents

An apparatus and procedures are described for accurate determination of both gas solubility and vapor pressure of mixed solvents. A degassing process in which a mixed solvent is degassed thoroughly while keeping the composition unchanged is examined carefully. Measurement of the vapor pressure of the solvent is made before the introduction of the gas component, which increases the reliability of gas-solubih''ty data determined later. Experimental data are presented for the vapor pressures and nitrogen solubilities of binary mixtures of cyclohexane and benzene at 25°C. Reproducibilities are ±10 Pa and ±0.1% for the vapor pressures and the solubilities, respectively.
Hierarchical nanostructures of CdIn2S4via hydrothermal and microwave methods: efficient solar-light-driven photocatalysts

We have demonstrated the synthesis of nanostructured CdIn2S4 with a fascinating ‘marigold flower’ morphology using a hydrothermal method, and mixed morphologies (flowers, spheres and pyramids) using a microwave method. In the microwave synthesis, the product was formed within 15 min, whereas by the hydrothermal method more than 24 h was required. In the microwave method, various capping agents were used that result in different particle morphologies. Hydrothermal formation of crystalline CdIn2S4 nanotubes in methanol showed a significant effect of reaction medium on morphology. Synthesis of these crystalline CdIn2S4 nanopyramids and ‘marigold flowers’ has also been demonstrated using microwave synthesis for the first time. An XRD study showed a cubic spinel structure for CdIn2S4 prepared by both methods. The band gap for CdIn2S4 was 2.27 eV when synthesized using the microwave method, and 2.23 eV using the hydrothermal method, implying that the microwave method produces a lower particle size than the hydrothermal method. A noteworthy aspect of this work is that we obtained novel ternary chalcogenide hierarchical nanostructures by simple hydrothermal and microwave methods. Considering that the band gap of the hierarchical CdIn2S4 is within the visible region, we compared its ability to photocatalytically degrade methylene blue (MB) with that of CdS. The marigold flowers, nanoparticle spheres and nanopyramids of CdIn2S4 synthesised by microwave method gave almost 30% enhancement in the degradation of MB as compared to CdS under direct sunlight. This is of importance, considering that CdIn2S4 has potential for applications in solar energy conversion and opto-electronic devices.
Errors in diffusion measurements by the Loschmidt method

The problem of obtaining diffusion coefficients of gases with high absolute accuracy is considered. It is shown that the Loschmidt method is capable of giving such results. The diffusion coefficient is obtained from the formula provided, where L is the total length of the tube, f the ratio of concentrations of the reference substance in the two half-tubes and t1 the time of diffusion, t2, t' and r are correction factors. The conditions which are likely to yield the highest accuracy are established.
The storage of reactive silicate samples by freezing

Improper attention to thawing can result in severe negative and variable bias in seawater determination for silicate when samples have been stored by freezing. To control bias requires an adjustment of the length of time between thawing the sample and analyzing it, depending on salinity, silicate concentration, and length of time frozen. Figures are given which allow the optimum selection of thaw time.
Synoptic-to-Regional-Scale Analysis of Rainfall in the Atacama Desert (18°–26°S) Using a Long-Term Simulation with WRF

In this study, reanalysis data and a long-term simulation with the regional climate model WRF (1982–2017; 10 km resolution) is used to analyze synoptic and regional processes associated with rainfall events in the Atacama Desert. Five composites, each with 10 WRF-simulated rainfall events, are studied. They are selected based on a clustering and comprise the top winter events in South Atacama (23°–26°S), Southeast Atacama, and North Atacama (18°–23°S), and the top summer events in North Atacama and Northeast Atacama. Winter rainfall events in South Atacama are mostly associated with strong low pressure systems over the southeast Pacific and atmospheric rivers at their foreside, while cutoff lows occurring anomalously far north facilitate strong rainfall in North Atacama. Accordingly, tropical continental areas and the remote tropical and subtropical Pacific are identified as primary moisture sources, and moisture transport toward the Atacama Desert mainly takes place in the free troposphere (above 800 hPa). Strong summer rainfall events in North Atacama and Northeast Atacama are associated with a southward displaced Bolivian high. During rainfall events in North Atacama the high is shifted westward when compared to the Northeast Atacama events. Consequently, northern Chile is located at the northern periphery of the Bolivian high and the resulting strong easterlies may push strong convective systems from the Altiplano, toward the Atacama coast. Detailed analyses of individual rainfall events reveal that the most important synoptic patterns associated with rainfall not only control the synoptic-scale moisture transport into the Atacama Desert, but also decisively influence the regional atmospheric circulation.
Synthesis of the active stilbenoids by photooxidation reaction of trans‐ϵ‐viniferin

Two new stilbenoids, cis-ϵ-viniferin (3) and 2b, 14b-dehydro-bisresveratrol (4) were synthesized by photooxidation reaction of trans-ϵ-viniferin (2) prepared from tram-resveratrol (1). Pentamethoxyl trans-ϵ-viniferin (5) and pentamethoxyl cis-ϵ-viniferin (6) were also obtained by methylation of trans-ϵ-viniferin (2) with (MeO)2SO2. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence. Compounds 3 and 4 showed potent inhibition of TNF-α at concentrations of 10−-5 mol.L−1 with inhibitory ratios of 51.43% and 36.64%. respectively.
GUIDED INQUIRY: HOW TO IMPROVE SCIENTIFIC LITERACY STUDENT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Purpose of the study: Students’ scientific literacy skills are very much needed in 21st-century learning, but the fact is that field gains in scientific literacy are still low. Research with a focus on improving the ability of students’ scientific literacy to use an inquiry-based approach is also limited. Therefore, this quantitative quasi-experimental study aims to improve students’ scientific literacy skills by using the inquiry model. Methodology: Using quantitative designs in quasi-experimental designs. By using 42 secondary students obtained based on purposive sampling. The experimental group used the guided inquiry model, while the control group used the traditional learning model. Then the data are analyzed to get descriptive and inferential results. Main Findings: There is a significant difference in terms of students’ scientific literacy skills between the control class and the experimental class. It was found that using the guided inquiry model found differences with the t-test value of 19,373 on students’ scientific literacy abilities. It can be underlined that the guided inquiry model has a significant effect on students’ scientific literacy skills compared to traditional learning models. Applications of this study: In this research can be a consideration for teachers to apply guided inquiry to improve students’ scientific literacy skills. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this study, the renewal of learning that uses the guided inquiry learning model can improve the scientific literacy abilities of students.
Development of a Flow Immunoassay System for the Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium

Abstract A flow immunoassay system has been developed for the detection of Salmonella typhimurium by immobilization of antibody to Salmonella onto tygon tubing by adsorption and onto polyethylene tubing, by covalent binding. After liquid containing Salmonella cells or Salmonella antigen was allowed to interact with the immobilized. antibody, glucose oxidase labeled antibody to Salmonella was injected to the system. The bound antigen was quantified by electrochemical detection of H2O2 produced from the enzymic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid. In view of the low non-specific binding, sensitivity and reusability, the polyethylene immunoreactor provided a better performance. The system was capable of detecting as low as 105 − 106 Salmonella cells/ml in less than 10 minutes. The immunoreactor could be regenerated for at least 50 times during one month of the experiment. The detection limit of the tygon immunoreactor was somewhat higher (106 − 109 cells/ml). Even though the anti-Salmonella antibody was ea.
Gestión de la calidad en la distribución eléctrica del Estado Zulia

Se analiza la gestión de la calidad en la distribución eléctrica del estado Zulia, específicamente en el proceso de distribución eléctrica residencial e industrial. La investigación es descriptiva, con diseño de campo, transeccional y no experimental. La población estuvo determinada por el departamento de distribución eléctrica en los municipios de la Costa Oriental del Lago de la Corporación Eléctrica de Venezuela (CORPOELEC); los informantes claves fueron: gerentes de departamento, coordinadores de departamento y jefes de área. Para la población se realizó un censo. Se diseñó un instrumento de recolección de datos el cual contiene las preguntas relacionadas a la variable de estudio, dimensiones e indicadores. Este instrumento fue validado por cinco expertos y sometido a confiabilidad a través del método Alfa de Cronbach teniendo como resultado 0,968. _________________ 1 Carlos Patricio Orellana Orellana Magister en Administración de Empresas. Ingeniero Empresarial. Docente a tiempo completo de la Universidad Católica de Cuencas. Ecuador. Email: corellanao@ucacue.edu. ec 2 Edison Fernando Orellana Orellana Magister en Administración de Empresas. Ingeniero Empresarial. Director de la Carrera de Administración de Empresas. Universidad Católica de Cuencas. Ecuador. Email: eforellanao@ucacue.edu. ec 3 José Luis Hernández Rincón Magister en Gerencia de Empresas. Ingeniero Electricista. Universidad del Zulia. Email: hernandezjlk@hotmail.com Orellana Orellana, Carlos1 Universidad Católica de Cuencas. Ecuador. corellanao@ucacue.edu. ec GESTIÓN DE LA CALIDAD EN LA DISTRIBUCIÓN ELÉCTRICA DEL ESTADO ZULIA
Theory of Brick-and-Mortar Retailing in India(ToR-b)

Brick-and-mortar (B&M) retailers in India are constantly devoting their time, effort, energy, and money in discovering and adopting retailing theories, models, and frameworks that are practiced by the B&M retailers in the developed countries that have matured markets and consumers. This is a clear example of a serious timing issue. We believe the Indian market and consumers are moving towards the same maturity levels, but it is still a long way to go as the Indian consumers belong to the widest variety of religions, regions, languages, cultures, sub-cultures, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds with divergent needs. In addition to expecting world-class overall store-image, they yet require retailers to facilitate honest and authentic human-led engagement. This means, thoughtful and logical integration of existing theories aligned to, the Indian market; consumer's maturity level; divergent consumer needs are crucial, and this is the core of our theory. The ToR-b adopts elements of retailing theories that are known and suitable for retailing in the Indian context, in addition to identifying (i) new elements influencing honest and authentic humanled engagement; higher consumer-level customization; higher levels of consumer-orientation, (ii) significance of their association and determination with return on investment, (iii) their role in influencing the long-term sustainability of a retailer, and most importantly (iv) their ability to enhance interest among existing and potential employees, investors, and consumer’s minds with a particular retailer. Insights from multiple empirical and qualitative studies, field experiments, and evaluation of consumer-level transactions involved in building this theory made us strongly believe that the overall phenomenon of B&M retailing in India is truly complex and complexity is necessary to an adequate description of a phenomenon. We hope that in addition to laying a foundation for new directions to guide future research on Indian retailing, our theory will provide new and noteworthy insights into the overall phenomenon of B&M retailing in India.
Immunohistochemical Expression of “c-MET” in Breast Carcinomas

BACKGROUND: Targeted therapies achieved great success in managing breast cancer, however, triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) lack the expression of traditional therapeutic targets, and other subtypes develop resistance to current therapies. The c-MET receptor emerged as a potential target with well documented pro-proliferative pro-motility downstream signals and wide network of crosstalk with other effectors. Some reports describe a preferential expression of c-MET in TNBCs and promising results in early anti-c-MET clinical trials. However, the main cause of failure of these trials was attributed to patient selection. AIM: The objectives of the study were to assessment of c-MET in subtypes of breast cancer and its association with other clinicopathological variables that may predict its expression and possibly establish other rationales to refine patient selection for clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective immunohistochemical study assessing c-MET (clone SP44) in 55 cases of breast carcinoma. The expression of c-MET> 5% was considered positive. RESULTS: c-MET was detected in 42% of cases. A statistically significant association of c-MET with extremes of age, advanced prognostic stage, carcinoma with medullary features, and high tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was observed for the first time in our study. Grade III, hormone receptor negativity and TNBCs were also significantly associated with c-MET. Only negative progesterone receptor (PR) and high TILs were independently associated with c-MET in a multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). No significant association between c-MET and multifocality, size, node status, anatomic stage, lymphovascular or perineural invasion, and Ki-67 expression. CONCLUSION: PR negativity and high TILs might be useful c-MET predictors and selection tools for clinical trials but further studies are needed to validate the unprecedented findings which may not only aid in patient selection but may also inspire new paradigms in future studies.
Deglycerolization of Biodiesel Streams by Adsorption Over Silica Beds

A simple method for the almost complete removal of glycerol from methanol-free biodiesel streams coming out from industrial transesterification reactors is presented. The method is posed as a “dry” alternative to the conventional “wet” methods involving water washing. It is based on the use of silica beds and relies on the adsorption at room temperature to retain the small amounts of glycerol dissolved in the solutions of fatty acid methyl esters and adjust their content to the quality standards for biodiesel fuel. Fresh silica has a great processing capacity and the breakthrough of the bed depends mainly on the feed rate, the concentration of glycerol, and the mass of adsorbent. In the case of the silica gel used, the saturation capacity was found to be 0.13 g of glycerol per gram of silica. If the particle diameter is 1−1.5 mm, the breakthrough and saturation point almost coincide and the full capacity of the bed is used. However, industrial adsorption units with 1/8 in. silica beads suffer from mass-tr.