Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CCA1 and ELF3 Interact in the Control of Hypocotyl Length and Flowering Time in Arabidopsis1[W][OA]

The circadian clock is an endogenous oscillator with a period of approximately 24 h that allows organisms to anticipate, and respond to, changes in the environment. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the circadian clock regulates a wide variety of physiological processes, including hypocotyl elongation and flowering time. CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) is a central clock component, and CCA1 overexpression causes circadian dysfunction, elongated hypocotyls, and late flowering. EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3) modulates light input to the clock and is also postulated to be part of the clock mechanism. elf3 mutations cause light-dependent arrhythmicity, elongated hypocotyls, and early flowering. Although both genes affect similar processes, their relationship is not clear. Here, we show that CCA1 represses ELF3 by associating with its promoter, completing a CCA1-ELF3 negative feedback loop that places ELF3 within the oscillator. We also show that ELF3 acts downstream of CCA1, mediating the repression of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) and PIF5 in the control of hypocotyl elongation. In the regulation of flowering, our findings show that ELF3 and CCA1 either cooperate or act in parallel through the CONSTANS/FLOWERING LOCUS T pathway. In addition, we show that CCA1 represses GIGANTEA and SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS1 by direct interaction with their promoters, revealing additional connections between the circadian clock and the flowering pathways.
Airway intubation in a helicopter cabin: video vs. direct laryngoscopy in manikins.

INTRODUCTION Airway management may be required during medical evacuation in a helicopter when patients deteriorate en route. Laryngoscopist positioning at the head of the patient may not be possible, making it difficult to perform direct laryngoscopy (DIR). An alternative method is video laryngoscopy (VID) that displays magnified images of the glottic opening on a video monitor and allows intubation despite nonstandard positioning. METHODS There were 21 experienced aeromedical emergency medical personnel who intubated a recumbent manikin with the operator seated at the head of a secured helicopter stretcher in a power-off helicopter. Each subject performed intubations using DIR and VID in standard- and difficult-airway manikins (STD and DIF, respectively). Data were collected for subjective glottic visualization grades, intubation times, and intubation success rates. RESULTS Visualization grades were 2.43 +/- 0.81 for STD-DIR and 1.10 +/- 0.30 for STD-VID, compared to 1.76 +/- 0.54 for DIF-DIR and 3.72 +/- 0.57 for DIF-VID. Success rates were 95% for both STD-DIR and STD-VID, 5% for DIF-DIR and 95% DIF-VID. Mean intubation time for DIF-VID was 0.90 min +/- 0.80 min, not different from STD-DIR. DISCUSSION The success rate for difficult airway intubation by aeromedical personnel in a power-off evacuation helicopter was significantly improved by enhancing glottic visualization using VID vs. DIR in a manikin.
Robust sliding mode control for a class of nonlinear systems: An LMI approach

In this paper, we consider the robust sliding mode control problem for a class of systems with norm bounded parametric uncertainty and external disturbance. Based on Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequality approach, the proposed control scheme can achieve both asymptotic stability and some robust performances, and the corresponding robust controller that assures the occurrence of sliding mode in finite time is developed. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the results.
A pretty but not greedy printer (functional pearl)

This paper proposes a new specification of pretty printing which is stronger than the state of the art: we require the output to be the shortest possible, and we also offer the ability to align sub-documents at will. We argue that our specification precludes a greedy implementation. Yet, we provide an implementation which behaves linearly in the size of the output. The derivation of the implementation demonstrates functional programming methodology.
Similarity-based and rank-based defect prediction

In this paper, we explore two new approaches for software defect prediction. The similarity-based approach predicts the number of latent defects of a software module from those of modules most similar to it. The rank-based approach uses machine learning models specially trained to predict the ranks of software modules based on their actual number of latent defects. In both approaches, we use technical concerns/functionalities recovered by topic modeling techniques as features to represent software modules. Empirical evaluation with five real software systems shows that the proposed approaches outperform the traditional one and a recently introduced defect prediction method.
Nutrition Education Among Low-Income Older Adults: A Randomized Intervention Trial in Congregate Nutrition Sites

Nutritional well-being among older adults is critical for maintaining health, increasing longevity, and decreasingthe impactofchronicillness. However, few well-controlledstudies have examinednutritionalbehav ior change among low-income older adults. A prospective, controlled, randomized design examined a fivesession nutrition education module delivered to limited-resource older adults (N = 703) in Congregate Nutrition sites by Cooperative Extensionagents. Experimentalgroupparticipantswere significantly more likely than con trol groupparticipants to increase multivitamin use, to increase calcium supplementuse, to read labels of dietary supplements, to carry a supplement and/or medication list, and to discuss such use with their health care profes sional. The study addresses weaknesses in the literature by using a theoretically derived education component, implementing the intervention within a setting regularly used by low-income older adults, employing random ized assignment to intervention and control conditions, and using hierarchical linear modeling to deal with “nested” data.
Characterization of Plasmid pRT1 from Pyrococcus sp. Strain JT1

ABSTRACT We discovered a 3,373-bp plasmid (pRT1) in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus sp. strain JT1. Two major open reading frames were identified, and analysis of the sequence revealed some resemblance to motifs typically found in plasmids that replicate via a rolling-circle mechanism. The presence of single-stranded DNA replication intermediates of pRT1 was detected, confirming this mode of replication.
Mutual injection-locked SIL sensor array for vital sign detection with random body movement cancellation

This paper presents a self-injection-locked (SIL) sensor array for cancelling the effects of random body movement on the detection of vital signs. To achieve this goal, a subject is seated between two SIL sensors to measure rates of respiration and heartbeat using the Doppler shift, and the effects of random movements by the subject are cancelled by wireless mutual injection locking (MIL) of the two sensors. In the experiments, a prototype for such a two-sensor array with a spacing of 2 m was implemented at 2.4 GHz, providing accurate and reliable cardiopulmonary monitoring of a subject who exhibited random body motions of several centimeters.
Regulatory and coding potential of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal redundancy

Molecular clones containing the 3' half of newly integrated mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) DNA with adjacent mouse cellular sequences were characterized. In addition, we cloned the long terminal redundancy joint from the unintegrated circular form of MMTV DNA. The entire nucleotide sequence of the integrated and part of the unintegrated terminal redundancy was determined; this allowed us to delineate the boundaries of the MMTV long terminal redundancy, which comprises 1,327 base pairs. The position of possible RNA polymerase II initiation and termination signals corresponded closely to the expected regions of viral RNA initiation and termination specified by current models. The MMTV long terminal redundancy also contained a large open reading frame with sufficient information for a protein of 198 amino acids. Initial comparison of flanking 3' cellular sequences from three independent integrated clones suggested there was no host sequence specificity in the MMTV integration event. However, specificity of integration with respect to viral sequences was precise.
Negative Set Effects in Character Classification: A Response-Retrieval View of Reaction Time*

In most current accounts of character classification, emphasis is laid on the role of the positive set. Reanalysis of a previous experiment (Marcel, 1970) showed that in the constant set procedure, as well as the varied set procedure, when consecutive sets of digits are used, latency to negative probes depends on remoteness from the positive set boundary, except when the positive set consists of only one item. Two further experiments showed that in both the constant-and varied-set procedures, latency to individual negative probes decreased with their frequency, except with positive sets of one item. These data indicate that negatives are not usually classified as such merely by default. Some alternative models to Sternberg's are discussed. It is proposed that when he is able to (always with one-item positive sets) the subject will perform a physical match. Otherwise the probe will access its location in long-term memory, associated with which is appropriate response information. The ease of recovery of that information is emphasized as responsible for variation in latencies.
Calculating the Capacity of Blumlein Pfls Using a Finite Element Software Package

Determining the exact capacities of the components of the pulse forming network of the Blumlein based single pulse forming line (SPFL) machines at AWE is important when constructing detailed circuit models. It is often difficult to get reliable direct electrical measurements due to the scale of these machines, so calculated values have to be used. A 2D electrostatic code has been used to model a number of pulsed power machines at AWE and a method has been developed to ascertain the capacities of individual components. The generated values compare well with those that can be measured or estimated.
A LANE MARKER DETECTION ALGORITHM SUITABLE FOR EMBEDDED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS

We present the design of a lane marker detection algorithm suitable for embedded real-time systems. The algorithm was particulary designed for fast execution. The achieved execution time was about 11ms for a search window of 200x90 pixels on a single state-of-the-art Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The algorithm was integrated into an embedded real-time stereo vision sensor. This sensor was part of the sensor suite of the autonomous vehicle RED RASCAL of the team SciAutonics / Auburn Engineering. RED RASCAL participated at the National Qualification Event (NQE) in the DARPA Urban Challenge 2007 in Victorville, CA, USA. The embedded stereo vision sensor did a great job and detected lane markers and lane borders with a high reliability.
Automated detection of social structure from transcripts of conversations

In this work, we propose methods for automated detection of social structure from transcripts of conversations. There are two kinds of social structure that we focus on: (1) Identifying small groups of people who have close cooperation (2) Detecting high status individuals within a group. We tested our methods on transcripts of the HBO television show, “The Wire. ”Our methods were effective with an accuracy of more than 80%.
Ethylene Control of Fruit Ripening: Revisiting the Complex Network of Transcriptional Regulation1

The plant hormone ethylene controls fruit ripening through a complex network of transcriptional regulations and interplay between multiple signaling pathways. The plant hormone ethylene plays a key role in climacteric fruit ripening. Studies on components of ethylene signaling have revealed a linear transduction pathway leading to the activation of ethylene response factors. However, the means by which ethylene selects the ripening-related genes and interacts with other signaling pathways to regulate the ripening process are still to be elucidated. Using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as a reference species, the present review aims to revisit the mechanisms by which ethylene regulates fruit ripening by taking advantage of new tools available to perform in silico studies at the genome-wide scale, leading to a global view on the expression pattern of ethylene biosynthesis and response genes throughout ripening. Overall, it provides new insights on the transcriptional network by which this hormone coordinates the ripening process and emphasizes the interplay between ethylene and ripening-associated developmental factors and the link between epigenetic regulation and ethylene during fruit ripening.
AVIGLE: A system of systems concept for an avionic digital service platform based on Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Miniaturized unmanned flying robots, also referred to as MUAVs (Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) open up completely new fields of innovative applications in the areas of civil security, cellular networks, surveying, entertainment and media. The AVIGLE project is based on the vision of a novel, widely applicable avionic service platform which supports multiple high-tech services by using open interfaces. Recent developments in the area of lithium polymer batteries and carbon fiber-reinforced plastic materials let MUAVs become an aerial platform, that can be equipped with a variety of sensors such as image or time of flight (ToF) cameras. Furthermore, it is also possible to mount communication technologies on the platform in order to let the MUAVs work as communication hot spots or relais at places where no cellular networks are available. In this paper we present a system of systems concept of an Unmanned Aerial System working as a service platform for different Concepts of Operations (ConOps).
Use of lac fusions to measure in vivo regulation of expression of Escherichia coli proton-translocating ATPase (unc) genes

In-frame fusions to lacZ were constructed in two adjacent genes of the unc operon of Escherichia coli, uncA and uncG, which code for the alpha and gamma subunits of the proton-translocating ATPase. After each fusion was moved into the E. coli chromosome, measurement of beta-galactosidase activities from single-copy genes showed that uncA was expressed significantly better in vivo than was uncG, but the relative expression dependent on the chromosomal location of each fusion and the presence or absence of other unc genes.
A clutter rejection based on entropy in TWI

In Through-Wall Imaging (TWI) clutter arising from wall can impair detection of obscured scatterers. To counteract these drawbacks, a clutter rejection method is here introduced. In detail, a windowing strategy based on an entropy measure of temporal traces similarity is exploited. Numerical result is presented in order to show the effectiveness of the method.
Are household firearms stored less safely in homes with adolescents?: Analysis of a national random sample of parents.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether firearms are more frequently stored loaded, unlocked, or both in households with adolescents only (aged 13-17 years) compared with households with younger children only (aged 0-12 years). DESIGN Random-digit-dial survey on firearms (n = 2770). We computed bivariate associations between the presence of adolescents and firearm storage practices. Statistical significance was assessed using prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. SETTING United States. PARTICIPANTS Survey respondents with children (aged <18 years) who reported the presence of a household firearm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prevalence of firearms in the home stored loaded and/or unlocked. RESULTS Of the 392 respondents, 22% had a loaded firearm, 32% had an unlocked firearm, and 8% had a firearm stored loaded and unlocked. Compared with households with younger children, households with adolescents only were somewhat more likely to store a firearm unlocked (42% vs 29%; prevalence ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.02), loaded (26% vs 20%; prevalence ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-1.91), or both (10% vs 8%; prevalence ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.64-3.19). CONCLUSIONS Parents of adolescents appear to be more likely to keep household firearms stored unsafely, especially with regard to keeping firearms unlocked. This is of concern because most youth firearm injuries happen to adolescents. Firearm injury prevention programs should directly target parents of adolescents to promote safe firearm storage.
Split‐Liver Transplantation: A Review

Split‐liver transplantation (SLT), a procedure where one cadaver liver is divided to provide for two recipients, offers immediate expansion of the existing cadaver donor pool. To date, the principal beneficiaries of SLT have been adult/pediatric recipient pairs with excellent outcomes reported; however, the current scarcity of cadaver organs has renewed interest in expanding these techniques to include two adult recipients from one adult cadaver donor. Significant obstacles to the widespread application of SLT exist and must be resolved by the transplant community before greater utilization can be realized. This manuscript reviews the historic background, surgical techniques, current results, and obstacles impeding further application of SLT.
Cytokine Profiles in Aqueous Humor and Plasma of HIV-infected Individuals with Ocular Syphilis or Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

ABSTRACT Purpose: To characterize the immunologic profile in aqueous humor (AqH) of HIV-infected individuals with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVr) or ocular syphilis and to assess if AqH and plasma represent independent cytokine compartments. Methods: Concentrations of 27 cytokines in AqH and plasma of HIV-infected individuals with CMVr (n = 23) or ocular syphilis (n = 16) were measured by multiplex assay. Cytokine profiles of both groups were compared. Results: Individuals with CMVr had higher plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-7, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, IFN-α2, G-CSF, IP-10 and IL-1α; as well as higher AqH concentrations of IL-1α, IP-10 and GM-CSF than those with ocular syphilis. AqH and plasma levels correlated only for IP-10 in both ocular infections. Conclusions: Individuals with CMVr had higher plasma cytokine levels than those with ocular syphilis. The immunologic profiles in AqH and plasma are independent. Therefore, AqH cytokine concentrations cannot be inferred from plasma cytokine concentrations in the population studied.
Venom immunotherapy improves health-related quality of life in patients allergic to yellow jacket venom.

BACKGROUND Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is effective in preventing anaphylactic reactions after insect stings. The effect of VIT on health-related quality of life (HRQL) was studied to evaluate whether this treatment is of importance to patients. OBJECTIVE We compared HRQL outcomes measured with a disease-specific instrument (Vespid Allergy Quality-of-Life Questionnaire [VQLQ]) in patients allergic to yellow jacket venom treated with VIT or with an adrenalin self-administration device (EpiPen) in an open-label, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS Consenting patients were block randomized to either VIT or EpiPen. Patients received uniform, standardized information, which specified the risk of their condition and the risks and benefits of both treatment options. HRQL measures took place before and after 1 year of treatment with VIT or EpiPen. RESULTS Seventy-four patients agreed to be randomized, of whom 36 received VIT and 38 an EpiPen. The mean change in VQLQ score in the group randomized to VIT was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.68-1.46), and this improvement was statistically significant (P <.0001) compared with that seen in the group randomized to the EpiPen, in which this change was -0.43 (95% CI, -0.71 to -0.16). These differences were seen in both men and women, persons with more or less general anxiety, and those stung recently and those stung more than a year before their outpatient department visit. The overall proportion of patients receiving benefit from VIT is 0.72, generating a number needed to treat of 1.4. CONCLUSIONS VIT results in a clinically important improvement in HRQL in patients allergic to yellow jacket venom in all subgroups studied. Of every 3 patients treated with VIT, 2 patients experience an important improvement in their quality of life.
Emergence of resistance to cephalothin and gentamicin during combination therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in rabbits.

Received for publication 27 January 1986, and in revised form 8 August 1986. Please address requests for reprints to Dr. Henry F. Chambers, Department of Medicine, 5H22, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110. treating experimental aortic valve endocarditis in rabbits infected by a well-characterized strain of MRSA, 67-0 [2]. This strain is markedly heterogeneous in its resistance; 99.9(7o of the cells within a culture are susceptible to 1 ^ig of nafcillin or cephalothin/ml. It also is very susceptible to gentamicin and to the cephalothin-gentamicin combination, which is synergistically bactericidal (i.e., ^2 log10 reduction in cfu compared with either agent alone). Failed therapy for or emergence of resistance in this relatively susceptible strain would argue against the use of such combinations in treating less-susceptible stains of MRSA.
Dissimilatory Selenate Reduction Potentials in a Diversity of Sediment Types

We measured potential rates of bacterial dissimilatory reduction of 75SeO42− to 75Se0 in a diversity of sediment types, with salinities ranging from freshwater (salinity = 1 g/liter) to hypersaline (salinity = 320 g/liter and with pH values ranging from 7.1 to 9.8. Significant biological selenate reduction occurred in all samples with salinities from 1 to 250 g/liter but not in samples with a salinity of 320 g/liter. Potential selenate reduction rates (25 nmol of SeO42− per ml of sediment added with isotope) ranged from 0.07 to 22 μmol of SeO42− reduced liter−1 h−1. Activity followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics in relation to SeO42− concentration (Km of selenate = 7.9 to 720 μM). There was no linear correlation between potential rates of SeO42− reduction and salinity, pH, concentrations of total Se, porosity, or organic carbon in the sediments. However, potential selenate reduction was correlated with apparent Km for selenate and with potential rates of denitrification (r = 0.92 and 0.81, respectively). NO3−, NO2−, MoO42−, and WO42− inhibited selenate reduction activity to different extents in sediments from both Hunter Drain and Massie Slough, Nev. Sulfate partially inhibited activity in sediment from freshwater (salinity = 1 g/liter) Massie Slough samples but not from the saline (salinity = 60 g/liter) Hunter Drain samples. We conclude that dissimilatory selenate reduction in sediments is widespread in nature. In addition, in situ selenate reduction is a first-order reaction, because the ambient concentrations of selenium oxyanions in the sediments were orders of magnitude less than their Kms.
Image annotation using multi-view non-negative matrix factorization and semantic co-occurrence

Image annotation aims to automatically predict a set of relevant keywords for an image that describe its semantics. Nearest Neighbor (NN) based methods have been successfully applied to address image annotation problems. In this paper,a novel method is introduced to improve the performance of annotating images. Firstly, we present a relevance feedback algorithm based on Multi-view non-negative matrix factorization (MultiNMF) to improve the retrieval performance during the process of querying the nearest neighbors. Secondly, a semantic co-occurrence (SC) based strategy is derived to effectively adjust the order of the annotated keywords. Experiment results on Corel5K dataset demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms those previous similar methods.