Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Stresses and Interfaces on Texture Transformation in Silver Thin Films

Thin metal films are critical elements in nano- and micro-fabricated technologies. The texture orientation of thin films has a significant effect on applied devices. For Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) metal thin films, when the critical thickness is reached, the texture orientation can transform from (111) to (100) based on the model related to the balance between interfacial energy and strain energy. This research focused on the texture transformation of thin films under two conditions: (1) with or without an adhesion layer in the thin film and (2) with or without initial stress applied through a four-point bending load. In the experiment, two samples (silicon/silver and silicon/titanium/silver) were used to apply different initial stress/strain values and different annealing times. After annealing, an X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) was used to ascertain the preferred orientation of the thin films and the percentage of (111) and (100). Finally, Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) was used to observe the grain size of the thin films. The results showed that, regardless of the existence of an adhesion layer, texture transformation occurred, and this was relatively significant with Ti adhesion layers. Further, the initial stress was found to be small compared to the internal stress; thus, the initial stress imposed in the tests in this research was not significantly influenced by the texture transformation.
A Brazilian Inter-Hospital Candidemia Outbreak Caused by Fluconazole-Resistant Candida parapsilosis in the COVID-19 Era

Horizontal transmission of fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis (FRCP) through healthcare workers’ hands has contributed to the occurrence of candidemia outbreaks worldwide. Since the first COVID-19 case in Brazil was detected in early 2020, hospitals have reinforced hand hygiene and disinfection practices to minimize SARS-CoV-2 contamination. However, a Brazilian cardiology center, which shares ICU patients with a cancer center under a FRCP outbreak since 2019, reported an increased FRCP candidemia incidence in May 2020. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate an inter-hospital candidemia outbreak caused by FRCP isolates during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. C. parapsilosis bloodstream isolates obtained from the cancer (n = 35) and cardiology (n = 30) centers in 2020 were submitted to microsatellite genotyping and fluconazole susceptibility testing. The ERG11 gene of all isolates from the cardiology center was sequenced and compared to the corresponding sequences of the FRCP genotype responsible for the cancer center outbreak in 2019. Unprecedentedly, most of the FRCP isolates from the cardiology center presented the same genetic profile and Erg11-Y132F mutation detected in the strain that has been causing the persistent outbreak in the cancer center, highlighting the uninterrupted horizontal transmission of clonal isolates in our hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Capacitor Voltage Buildup Method for Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverters

A voltage buildup method for flying capacitor multilevel inverter(FCMLI) was presented.Before FCMLI worked in steady state,all flying capacitors should be charged to corresponding DC voltage levels.Both voltage stress and current stress should be held within certain limits during voltage buildup process.The method has used the existing high voltage input and internal Buck converter of FCMLI produced high voltage stress,so it could’t meet the requirements.In this paper,some reverse Boost DC/DC converters of FCMLI were discovered.As flying capacitors were considered to be the output of those Boost converters,a new low voltage input was added to the old output side.Meanwhile the circuit worked in high frequency PWM mode and charged up these flying capacitors.And it was also pointed out that voltage buildup processes of different flying capacitors must follow strict order of voltage level,or else the voltage stress could not be kept in certain limit.By the use of voltage-current two-loop control method,the current stress could be adjusted at the same time.So the new method can fill both requirement of function and stress;in addition,the topology of FCMLI need not to be changed,and a small quantity of hardware devices need to be added;and the new method is also flexible.Simulation and experiment of a flying capacitor five-level inverter verified the correctness of these analyses.
Progress in Study and Application of Safety Margin

As the awareness and demand of safety increasing, the concept of safety margin appears more and more in engineering design and people's daily life. After reviewing the applications of the concept of safety margin in different science and engineering fields, the implication, design method, and the method of applying safety margin in safety assessment in the study of pressure vessel design, machinery processing, operation of power system, air control, and armament system were emphatically discussed. Through analyzing the situation of application of safety margin, it demonstrated that the concept of safety margin has become indispensable in the field of modern science and technology and people's daily life. Scientific and technological personnel and management staff has been paying more and more attention on it. The existing problems were also analyzed. It suggested that systematic study of safety margin is urgently needed, and the qualitative discussion of this concept should be turned to quantitative discussion. A new discipline of safety margin should be established, and the theory of safety margin should be merged into as an important component of safety sciences.
Empirical research of the development of the emotional and volitional spheres of older preschool children

The aim of the article is an empirical study of psychological determinants and significant correlations between the development of older preschool children’s emotional and volitional spheres. The importance of preschool age in the development of the child’s psyche, feelings, emotions, self-control, empathy, and reflexive capacities was emphasized. Self-control was found to be low in a significant proportion of the respondents (n=46; 62.16%). The emotional reaction, which is the child’s empathic ability to empathize and sympathize, had high levels, according to the study (M1= 18.12; M2=12.00; M3=10.01). The empathetic capacity of a senior preschooler was in the active development phase and encourages the formation of empathic and reflexive abilities through play activities, particularly through such a form of leading mental activity as story-role play. The correlation matrix revealed that “Self-control” and “Emotional response” had a positive and relevant correlation (rs = .141; р < .05). It is stated that the presence of this correlation in the researched groups was a good marker of older preschool children’s emotional and volitional development.
RESEARCH ON TURBINE CAVITATION TESTING BASED ON WAVELET SINGULARITY DETECTION

Cavitation is the main harm in turbine, which is difficult to avoid. Power Spectrum analysis is always used in spectrum analysis of cavitation noise. However, it is obviously unfit for research on the transient signal such as cavitation noise. Wavelet transform is just localized, which is popularly used in detection and localization of singularity. Methods of turbine cavitation testing based on wavelet singularity detection are presented in this paper. At the same time, mother wavelet option methods and determined conditions are presented. The computation of the methods is simpler than ever methods based on detection of modulus maxima of wavelet transform. The methods of turbine cavitation testing are used in real data analysis and it is proved that the methods are effective and incipient cavitation and change of cavitation pattern can both be detected effectively.
Defining Management Units for Wild Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus from Nine River Basins in Ghana

Despite the global importance of the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, especially to aquaculture, knowledge of genetic variability within native populations is still limited. While several studies have assessed genetic differentiation across the major drainage basins of Africa, relatively little effort has focused on characterizing genetic differentiation at finer scales. We assessed genetic variation in O. niloticus within and among nine drainage basins in Ghana using nuclear microsatellite DNA markers as the basis for identifying potential units of conservation among wild populations. We screened 312 wild individuals using eight nuclear microsatellite DNA markers. We found moderate genetic diversity within and differentiation among all wild populations studied, with strong signals of recent demographic bottlenecks in several populations. Genetic structure among 11 populations suggested the presence of up to ten management units (MUs). In particular, the Black Volta and the Tano–Asuhyea populations, which were the most genetically distinct and geographically isolated and may be most at risk of loss of genetic diversity over time, may well represent evolutionary significant units. Therefore, at the minimum, the Black Volta and Tano–Asuhyea populations should be prioritized for conservation actions to sustain them over the long-term.
Coating uniformity with a uniform robotic spray gun velocity

Coating uniformity model was developed to optimize spray painting robot trajectories, assuming uniform robot motion and a parabolic spray distribution with uniformity evaluated based on the thickness variation. Non-dimensional calculation shows that the overlap is a major factor influencing the mean coating thickness, with the seed path and work piece width as secondary factors. The minimum thickness variance was about 0.002 5 when the overlap was between 0.29 and 0.31. Thus, the overlap should be taken into account when planning spray painting robot trajectories, while the seed path position and work piece width can be neglected.
Power transfer regulation mode for current fed CPT system

For the drawback of the power regulation in the existing current fed CPT system,a novel circuit topology and control method is presented,which can realize either Buck or Boost mode and can extend the power regulation scope. The improved topology is modeled,while the relations between the duty cycle and the output power for the two modes are derived for system analysis and design. Simulink and PLECS are used to simulate the PP type CPT system. The simulation results prove the theory analysis.
Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Accumulation of Single-Nucleotide Repeats in Pathogenic Escherichia Lineages

Homopolymeric tracts (HPTs) can lead to phase variation and DNA replication slippage, driving adaptation to environmental changes and evolution of genes and genomes. However, there is limited information on HPTs in Escherichia; therefore, we conducted a comprehensive cross-strain search for HPTs in Escherichia genomes. We determined the HPT genomic distribution and identified a pattern of high-frequency HPT localization in pathogenic Escherichia lineages. Notably, HPTs localized near transcriptional regulatory genes. Additionally, excessive repeats accumulated in toxin-coding genes. Moreover, the genomic localization of some HPTs might be derived from exogenous DNA, such as that of bacteriophages. Altogether, our findings may prove useful for understanding the role of HPTs in Escherichia genomes.
Low Detail Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Diffusion and Confusion Using Henon and Baker Chaotic Map

This paper presents a solution for the security of low detail images in real-time applications over open or unsecured networks. The diffusion and confusion operations are both performed based on Henon and Baker chaotic map. The XOR and permutation operations are used to obtain diffusion and confusion in the algorithm. In the proposed technique, the high detail image is used as a key. The computer simulation results and security analysis are given to ensure the validity and strength of the proposed technique. In the security analysis, we have analyzed key space analysis, cropping attack analysis, noise attack analysis, and differential attack analysis. Some statistical analyses like entropy, histogram, and correlation coefficients are also given to check the strength of the presented technique.
Automatic Radar-Camera Dataset Generation for Sensor-Fusion Applications

Withheterogeneous sensors offering complementary advantages in perception, there has been a significant growth in sensor-fusion based research and development in object perception and tracking using classical or deep neural networks based approaches. However, supervised learning requires massive labeled data-sets, that require expensive manual labor to generate. This paper presents a novel approach that leverages YOLOv3 based highly accurate object detection from camera to automatically label point cloud data obtained from a co-calibrated radar sensor to generate labeled radar-image and radar-only data-sets to aid learning algorithms for different applications. To achieve this we first co-calibrate the vision and radar sensors and obtain a radar-to-camera transformation matrix. The collected radar returns are segregated by different targets using a density based clustering scheme and the cluster centroids are projected onto the camera image using the transformation matrix. The Hungarian Algorithm is then used to associate the radar cluster centroids with the YOLOv3 generated bounding box centroids, and are labeled with the predicted class. The proposed approach is efficient, easy to implement and aims to encourage rapid development of multi-sensor data-sets, which are extremely limited currently, compared to the optical counterparts. The calibration process, software pipeline and the data-set generation is described in detail. Furthermore preliminary results from two sample applications for object detection using the data-sets are also presented.
German version of the Hypogonadism Impact of Symptoms Questionnaire: Psychometric properties and association with testosterone levels

In German, the ‘Aging Males’ Symptom Scale (AMS)’ is available for the assessment of symptoms of hypogonadism in men of advanced age. An English questionnaire named ‘Hypogonadism Impact of Symptoms’ (HIS‐Q), applicable also in young males has recently been developed in the United States. We intended to: (1) evaluate the psychometric properties of the German translation of the short form of the HIS‐Q (HIS‐Q‐SF‐D); (2) explore the association of individual patient scores with their respective serum testosterone levels. The HIS‐Q‐SF‐D was completed by 174 men attending an Andrology outpatient clinic. Test–retest reliability was excellent, with high test–retest correlations (r = 0.883) and Cronbach`s Alpha of 0.948 for the total score. Convergent validity was supported by high Spearman`s correlation between the HIS‐Q‐SF‐D total score and the AMS total score (r = 0.817); also by the significant differences in the HIS‐Q‐SF‐domain scores between males with total testosterone levels above and below 12 nmol/l. Therefore, the HIS‐Q‐SF‐D shows good psychometric properties. As shown by the ROC‐analyses for testosterone above and below levels of 12 nmol/l, the HIS‐Q‐SF‐D cannot replace testosterone measurement for the establishment of the diagnosis of male hypogonadism.
Reliability-based design methodology of multi-pile composite foundation

This paper presents an approach based on reliability to design the replacement ratio (percent coverage) of piles in a multi-pile composite foundation. The spatial variability of the soil is analyzed by using the stochastic theory and the model uncertainty is estimated by introducing a model uncertainty factor which describes the stochastic functional dependence between the true and the predicted value. In this study, the reliability of both bearing capacity and settlement of multi-pile composite foundation are analyzed to obtain the relationship between the reliability index and the replacement ratio of piles. The indices of the reliability are calculated using the Monte-Carlo simulation which can be readily applied to a nonlinear and complex performance function. A target reliability index of 3.2 is selected based on the analysis of previous studies to estimate the replacement ratios of multi-pile composite foundation. In order to facilitate the reliability-based design methodology of multi-pile composite foundation, the results of the analysis are presented graphically suitable for use by practicing engineers.
Classification of urban land coverage using satellite data and random forest classifier

Satellite data provides great potential and opportunities for environmental applications. In addition, open-access data is an independent channel for obtaining environmental information. Numerous non-governmental environmental organizations in the world use satellite data for their own activities. In this study, the usefulness of the classification of geoinformation systems of remote sensing for the cartography of urban lands was investigated. The main purpose of the work is to study various vegetation areas in urban settlements and industrial zones, for example, in the Kryvyi Rih city. After completing the production of maps, a visual and field check of the classification accuracy of the buffer zones is performed. Some problems are not excluded due to small smoothing options. Numerous buffer zones between earth classes cause numerous small mosaics on the final map, but these mosaics provide additional information about the differences in the surrounding area.
Simultaneous multiple frequency and flexible optical channels based DOI system

We implemented a ring-scanning mechanism in a prone diffuse optical imaging (DOI) system for the application of breast tumor detection before. In the study, simultaneous multiple-sinusoids driving light source and flexible opto-measurement channels were considered to update the DOI system. The designed flexible channels in the scanning module of imaging system prevent optical information loss measured on a noncircular phantom/object if using fixed optical channels. Further, simultaneous multiple-sinusoids driving light sources speed up the acquisition of optical information for the frequency domain DOI. Examination phantoms were designated to justify the proposed measurement schemes.
Understanding Household Water-Use Behavior and Consumption Patterns during COVID-19 Lockdown in Saudi Arabia

With the COVID-19 lockdown impacting the livelihood of people globally, changes in household behaviors, water consumption patterns, etc., have implications on sanitation, hygiene, and disease control. An online questionnaire survey was conducted, and officials were interviewed to assess the impact of the lockdown on water consumption patterns in the Dammam Metropolitan Area, Saudi Arabia. The multiple regression analysis on responses from the survey indicates that water consumption increased by 50% in 86% of the respondents, leading to higher utility bills. Socioeconomic factors also influenced water consumption. The officials interviewed emphasized the need for integrating water policies with disaster management actions. This study contributes to the prospering empirical literature on the pandemic COVID-19 and water consumption/usage behavioral practices by exploring the behavior of household water during COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. This study can help decision-makers in Saudi Arabia and other developing countries in boosting awareness related to water management in crisis time.
A new moving-embedded grid method for numerical simulation of unsteady flow-field of the helicopter rotor in forward flight

Aiming at the key moving-embedded grid approach for predicting the flowfield of helicopter rotor,a new highly efficient method for judging the grid cell relationship has been presented.In this method,the occupied relationship of blade grids among the background grids has been established by calculating the position of special blade grid points among the back-ground grid system,and the method can be used to identify the hole cell among the moving-embedded grid system.Further,the method was extended to establish Inverse Map.Based on the present method,a moving-embedded grid technique has been developed for predicting the flowfield of rotor in forward flight.The effects of background grid and blade grid size on efficiency and reliability have been evaluated respectively by conducting many kinds of rotor test cases in forward flight.Test results showed that the consuming time in constructing the embedded-grid relationship increased slowly with the variable blade grid and background grid size,and it was demonstrated that the present method can satisfy the need for predicting the rotor flowfield in forward flight with good robustness.Finally,the aerodynamic characteristics of the UH-60A rotor in hovering flight and 7A rotor in forward flight have been simulated by the present method with unsteady N-S/Euler solver.By the comparisons of the consuming time by using different hole-cutting approaches and calculated results with experimental data,it was demonstrated that the method can be effective to simulate the unsteady rotor flowfield in forward flight with high-efficiency.
Research on Dynamic Optimization Technique for Enterprise Process and Integrated Support Tool

Based on the methodology about enterprise process dynamic optimization, enterprise process dynamic optimal techniques, such as the enterprise modeling, process simulation, dynamic optimization and process enactmenting etc., were discussed in detail.The architecture and functions of the integrated support tool EPDOST were introduced. It will be widely generalized as a crucial function in enterprise management information system for implementing the integration of management information system and process management, and improving the adaptation for the changing market. EPDOST is valued for accelerating the enterprise information engineering in China.
Rock mass structure surface extraction method using multiview images based on integration of multimodal semantic features and a full convolution neural network model

Abstract. Many large-scale energy, transportation, water conservancy, and hydropower engineering projects take place in a rock mass environment. It is still difficult to accurately extract and describe rock mass structural information, which is crucial to analyzing rock mass deformation and stability. As a major rock mass surface exposure type, the structural surface has an irregular and rough shape, for which it is not appropriate to use traditional image processing methods. An intelligent extraction method is proposed for rock structural surfaces based on the integration of multimodal semantic features and a full convolutional neural network. The main contents of the proposed method are as follows: (1) generation of a dense point cloud model of the rock mass surface using multiview images and 3D geological semantic feature expression; (2) establishment of the mapping relationship among multimodal semantic features; (3) homogeneous unit extraction through integration of a full convolution neural network model; and (4) homogeneous unit merging and clustering. The method’s feasibility is proven through experiments, and its completeness and accuracy are verified by comparing results with traditional field measurements. Overall, the method provides a concept for intelligent extraction of rock mass structure information and has important theoretical value and practical significance.