Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 90 nm communication technology featuring SiGe HBT transistors, RF CMOS, precision R-L-C RF elements and 1 /spl mu/m2 6-T SRAM cell

This paper presents a highly-manufacturable process technology featuring SiGe HBT devices fully integrated into a 90 nm leading-edge high performance CMOS technology. The technology was developed on a 300 mm wafer platform, and supports process elements including RF CMOS devices, a MIM capacitor, precision resistors, high-Q inductors and varactors.
Accuracy of population-specific Demirjian curves in the estimation of dental age of Saudi children.

BACKGROUND The Demirjian eight-stage method is one of the principal methods used to quantify the degree of maturity from age 3 to 17. Aim. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of dental age of different population-specific curves, derived using the Demirjian method, to the chronological age of Saudi children aged between 4 and 14. DESIGN Panoramic radiographic records of 176 children (91 boys and 85 girls), without any history of systemic disease, were assessed using the Demirjian method, and the dental age was calculated using curves designed for French-Canadian, Belgian, Kuwaiti, and Saudi children. The difference from chronological age (DA-CA) for each curve was then statistically compared using ANOVA, and each of the curves was compared to the chronological age using multinomial regression modelling. RESULTS The results suggest that although population-specific curves are more accurate in the prediction of age, a considerable variation within each population still exists. CONCLUSIONS The Demirjian method offers great scope in fields that require the study of the pattern of growth rather than the accuracy of age estimation.
Stage-Specific Survivability Prediction Models across Different Cancer Types

For all cancer types, survivability rates vary widely across different stages of cancer. But survivability prediction models built in past were trained using examples of all stages together and were also evaluated on all stages together. In this work, for ten cancer types and using three machine learning methods, we built survivability prediction models trained on each stage separately and compared their performance with the traditional models trained on all stages together. For both kinds of models, the evaluation was done on each stage separately as well as on all stages together. Our results show that for most cancer types the stages are sufficiently different from each other that it is best to build survivability prediction models separately for each stage. We also found that evaluating survivability prediction models on all stages together, as was done previously, overestimates performance for all the stages on all cancer types.
Reduced expression of desmocollin 2 is an independent prognostic biomarker for shorter patients survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Background Cell–cell adhesion molecules such as desmosomes and cytokeratins may play a major role in epithelial–mesenchymal transition and have been suggested to have a relevant impact on tumour progression. This study investigated 15 biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and correlated the results with clinicopathological parameters. Methods Tissue microarrays of 115 R0-resected PDAC were constructed to evaluate the protein expression of 15 in genome‐wide expression profiling differentially expressed biomarkers. Results At the protein level a high expression of desmocollin 2 (DSC2) was observed in 90.4%, DSC1 (67.6%), DSC3 (0.9%), MDM2 (16.2%), CEA (64.8%), CK7 (85.2%), CK8 (96.5%), CK18 (96.5%), CK19 (93.9%), CK20 (11.5%), CA19-9 (86.6%), TLE1 (8.7%), PITX1 (91.2%), factor H (95.7%) and mesothelin (9.6%). Reduced expression of DSC2 was statistically correlated with shorter patient survival, higher tumour grading and positive lymph node status (p=0.008, p=0.029, p=0.011, respectively). In multivariable analysis reduced expression of DSC2, higher tumour grading and positive lymph node status were independently correlated with shorter patient survival. Conclusions Reduced expression of DSC2 is independently correlated with shorter patient survival, higher tumour grading and positive lymph node status in PDAC and could serve as a prognostic marker.
High sensitive malaria diagnosis using convolutional neural networks in an on-field setting

This study focuses on automated malaria diagnosis in low quality blood smear images, captured by a low-cost smart phone microscope system. The aim is to localize and classify the healthy and infected erythrocytes in order to evaluate the parasitaemia of the blood. Due to the lower quality of the smartphone microscope system compared to traditional high-end light microscopes, conventional algorithms fail to process these images. We propose a framework using a convolutional neural network as a pixel classifier to localize the erythrocytes. Afterwards we classify them accordingly, using a convolutional neural network as an object classifier. Such a system can offer in-the-field malaria diagnosis without human intervention or can act as an aid for human experts to lower workload and increase diagnosis accuracy. The algorithm successfully localizes the erythrocytes with an average sensitivity of 97.31% and precision of 92.21%. Classification performed inadequate, in terms of low agreement with two human experts. This can due to the low image quality or the small amount of training data available at the time.
Molecular Mimicry in Innate Immunity

Macrophages detect pathogen infection via the activation of their plasma membrane-bound Toll-like receptor proteins (TLRs). The heterotypic interaction between the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains of TLRs and adaptor proteins, like Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), is the first intracellular step in the signaling pathway of the mammalian innate immune response. The hetero-oligomerization of the TIRs of the receptor and adaptor brings about the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB, which regulates the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we report the first crystal structure of a bacterial TIR domain solved at 2.5 Å resolution. The three-dimensional fold of Paracoccus denitrificans TIR is identical to that observed for the TIR of human TLRs and MyD88 proteins. The structure shows a unique dimerization interface involving the DD-loop and EE-loop residues, whereas leaving the BB-loop highly exposed. Peptide amide hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry also reveals that the same region is used for dimerization in solution and in the context of the full-length protein. These results, together with a functional interaction between P. denitrificans TIR and MyD88 visualized in a co-immunoprecipitation assay, further substantiate the model that bacterial TIR proteins adopt structural mimicry of the host active receptor TIR domains to interfere with the signaling of TLRs and their adaptors to decrease the inflammatory response.
Physiotherapy treatment approaches for the recovery of postural control and lower limb function following stroke: a systematic review

Objectives : To determine whether there is a difference in global dependency and functional independence in patients with stroke associated with different approaches to physiotherapy treatment. Data sources : We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register (last searched May 2005), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2005), MEDLINE (1966 to May 2005), EMBASE (1980 to May 2005) and CINAHL (1982 to May 2005). We contacted experts and researchers with an interest in stroke rehabilitation. Review methods : Inclusion criteria were: (a) randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials; (b) adults with a clinical diagnosis of stroke; (c) physiotherapy treatment approaches aimed at promoting postural control and lower limb function; (d) measures of disability, motor impairment or participation. Two independent reviewers categorized identified trials according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, documented the methodological quality and extracted the data. Results : Twenty trials (1087 patients) were included in the review. Comparisons included: neurophysiological approach versus other approach; motor learning approach versus other approach; mixed approach versus other approach for the outcomes of global dependency and functional independence. A mixed approach was significantly more effective than no treatment control at improving functional independence (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08 to 1.80). There were no significant differences found for any other comparisons. Conclusions : Physiotherapy intervention, using a `mix' of components from different `approaches' is more effective than no treatment control in attaining functional independence following stroke. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that any one physiotherapy `approach' is more effective in promoting recovery of disability than any other approach.
‘ … But i’m still tired’: the experience of fatigue among South African adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy

ABSTRACT In adults with HIV, fatigue is a common and disabling symptom associated with suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), poor health and well-being, reduced economic productivity, and increased health care resource use. Fatigue among adolescents with HIV is relatively unexplored. We recruited 14 adolescents with HIV receiving ART in South Africa whom we interviewed about fatigue. We used thematic analysis to analyse the data. Participants reported difficulties in maintaining concentration at school and resorting to self-care strategies such as napping during school hours. Adolescents also described actively avoiding activities thought to lead to fatigue and spoke of being socially excluded by their peers. The findings demonstrate that adolescents experienced symptoms consistent with a definition of fatigue, which had implications for their academic and social lives.
Credit card fraud detection using RUS and MRN algorithms

Currently, enterprise systems have been focusing on expenditure services through credit card broadly because it is convenient and quick to pay for products and services. Thus, this research emphasizes on the fraud detection of credit card payment by using the machine learning technique called RUSMRN. The proposed method adopts three base classifiers which are MLP, NB and Naive Bayes algorithms. In addition, it can analyze the correctness to work with the unbalance datasets. Therefore, this research is focusing on the information of the credit card company of Taiwan for collecting data of customer behaviors in credit card payment. After that, it has brought the information to make prediction for correctness whether it has the risks in payment. The result shows that the proposed method can achieve the best classification performance in terms of accuracy and sensitivity.
[Loss of intelligence in aphasic disorders].

BACKGROUND Certain level of aphasia is considered to be an integral component of dementia. More controversial is the question whether every--e.g. also strictly focal--aphasia must be accompanied with dementia. METHODS AND RESULTS 41 persons hospitalized after the cerebral stroke (17 men, 24 women, average age 64.6, 47 to 89 years old) were tested to correlate the level of aphasia with mental and intelligence scores. 35 patients had an ischaemic stroke, 6 had a hemorrhagic one; according to CT/MRI there were 37 patients with left sided impairment, one patient with a right sided one and 3 patients with bilateral lesions. As an aphasiologic test the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) was used, to determine the general mental performance as an equivalent of IQ test the non-verbal Raven's and verbal Euro-ADAS test were used. Correlation analysis using non-parametric Spearman's coefficient showed a significant relation between results in phatic functions and the score in intelligence tests. Phatic performance had in all elementary tests closer relation to verbal IQ in Euro-ADAS than with non-verbal IQ in Raven's test. The highest correlation was found in the relation between "apprehension vs. Euro-ADAS" (-0.842) and "apprehension vs. Raven" (0.782), while the lowest correlation was found for "repetition vs. Euro-ADAS" (-0.769), and "repetition vs. Raven" (0.646). The correlation was in all cases significant (p < 0.00001). Similar narrow relation occurred between the clinical forms of aphasia and intelligence tests. Sensory aphasia was associated most closely with both relations, with Euro-ADAS (-0.800), and Raven's test (0.800), while global aphasia had the lowest correlation with Euro-ADAS (-0.451) and with Raven's test (0.517). CONCLUSIONS Speech is not only a product of thinking but also represents a source and structural tool for thinking.
Validation of the Infectious Diseases Society of America's diabetic foot infection classification system.

In this longitudinal study of 1666 persons with diabetes, there was an observed trend toward an increased risk for amputation (chi(2) test for trend, 108.0; P<. 001), higher-level amputation (chi(2) test for trend, 113.3; P<. 001), and lower extremity-related hospitalization (chi(2) test for trend, 118.6; P<. 001) with increasing infection severity. The Infectious Diseases Society of America's foot infection classification system may be a useful tool for grading foot infections.
Comparison of Antimicrobial Sensitivity to Older and Newer Quinolones versus Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Cefepime and Meropenem in Febrile Patients with Cancer in two Referral Pediatric Centers in Tehran, Iran

Background Infection in pediatric cancer patients has become a concerning problem due to increasing antimicrobial resistance. The goal of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of blood isolates from pediatric oncology patients in Iran to determine if there was significant resistance to quinolones Methods Children with cancer who were admitted with or developed fever during admission to Aliasghar Children’s Hospital or Mahak Hospitals July 2009 through June 2011 were eligible for enrollment. Two blood cultures were obtained. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was performed for ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, meropenem, cefepime, and piperacillin-tazobactam on isolates from children who were bacteremic. Results Blood cultures were positive for 38 episodes in 169 enrolled children but 9 episodes were excluded as blood cultures were thought to be contaminated, yielding a bacteremia rate of 29/160 (18%). The mean age of children and the stage of malignancy did not differ between those with and without bacteremia. Meropenem was the most likely antibiotic to cover isolates (97%) with cefepime having the lowest coverage rate (21%). Quinolone coverage ranged from 63% to 76%. Conclusion Quinolones may not be suitable for use as empiric therapy in febrile pediatric oncology patients in Iran.
A Visual-Auditory Presentation Model for Sequential Textual Information

Based on Baddeley’s working model [3] and research on human attention, this study intends to design a visual-auditory information presentation to: (1) minimize the interference in information processing between the visual and auditory channels; and (2) improve the effectiveness of mental integration of information from different modalities. The Baddeley model suggests that imagery spatial information and verbal information can be concurrently held in different subsystems within human working memory. Accordingly, this research proposes a method to convert sequential textual information into its graphical and verbal representations and hypothesizes that this dual-modal presentation will result in superior comprehension performance and higher satisfaction as compared to pure textual display. Simple T-tests will be used to test the hypothesis. Results of this study will help to address usability problems associated with small-screen computers and the mobile information access via handheld devices. Findings may also benefit interface design of generic computer systems by alleviating the overabundance of information output in the visual channel.
BLFS : Supporting Fast Editing / Writing for Large-Sized Multimedia Files

We propose BLFS (Block Link File System) supporting fast editing/writing for large-sized multimedia files. In the BLFS, when large-scale multimedia files are stored and edited, there is no data I/O but only modification of the metadata. Additionally, by sharing data blocks between multimedia files, we can save disk space. The BLFS was implemented in a Linux environment by modifying Ext3, and validated by applying the Linux multimedia file-editing tool ‘Avidemux’.
A teaching evaluation method based on sentiment classification

Teaching evaluation is an important part of the teaching process, and is an effective measure to improve teaching method. In order to automatically analyse the massive teaching evaluation texts on internet, this paper proposes to apply the sentiment classification technology to the sentiment analysis of teaching evaluation texts, and introduces a teaching evaluation analysis method based on the sentiment dictionary. In order to deal with the problem of the frequent appearance of new words in these texts, propose a method to recognise the new words automatically, and then use these recognised words to expand the sentiment dictionary. Experimental results show that the sentiment classification based on the expanded sentiment dictionary increases the recall rate of the system successfully, which brings the improvement of the overall performance of the teaching evaluation analysis system.
Predictive Models and Algorithms for the Need of Transfusion Including Massive Transfusion in Severely Injured Patients

Background: Despite improvements on how to resuscitate exsanguinating patients, one remaining key to improve outcome is to expeditiously and reproducibly identify patients most likely to require transfusion including including massive transfusion (MT). This work summarizes yet developed algorithms/scoring systems for transfusion including MT in civilian and military trauma populations. Methods: A systematic search of evidence was conducted utilizing OVID/MEDLINE (1966 to present) and the ‘Medical Algorithms Project’. Results and Conclusions: The models developed suggest combinations of physiologic, hemodynamic, laboratory, injury severity and demographic triggers identified on the initial evaluation of the bleeding trauma patient. Many approaches use a combination of dichotomous variables readily accessible after arrival but others rely on time-consuming calculations or complex algorithms and may have limited real-time aplication. Weighted and more sophisticated systems including higher numbers of variables perform superior. A common limitation to all models is their retrospective nature, and prospective validations are urgently needed. Point-of-care viscoelastic testing may be an alternative to these systems.
Dual Roles of IL-15 in Maintaining IL-7RαlowCCR7− Memory CD8+ T Cells in Humans via Recovering the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/AKT Pathway1

Recently, we identified two subsets of CCR7− memory CD8+ T cells expressing high and low levels of the IL-7R α-chain (IL-7Rα) that is essential for memory T cell survival in human peripheral blood. IL-7RαlowCCR7− memory CD8+ T cells that produce effector cytokines and perforin have impaired proliferation and survival in response to TCR triggering and IL-7, respectively. These findings raise a question of how such cells are sustained at significant numbers, >20% of peripheral CD8+ T cells, despite impaired IL-7- and TCR-mediated cell maintenance. In this study, we demonstrate that IL-7RαlowCCR7− memory CD8+ T cells have increased expression of IL-2/15R β-chain (IL-2/15Rβ), which is critical for IL-15 signaling, with enhanced gene expression of T box expressed in T cells (T-bet) and eomesodermin (eomes), transcriptional factors involved in IL-2/15Rβ expression compared with IL-7RαhighCCR7− memory CD8+ T cells. Such a cytokine chain is functional as IL-7RαlowCCR7− memory CD8+ T cells proliferate considerably in response to IL-15. Furthermore, adding IL-15 to TCR triggering recovers impaired TCR-mediated proliferation of IL-7Rαlow memory CD8+ T cells via restoring the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings indicate that IL-15 has dual roles in maintaining IL-7RαlowCCR7− memory CD8+ T cells via TCR-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Moreover, IL-15 can be useful in reviving impaired proliferative function of such memory CD8+ T cells with effector functions against infections and tumors via rescuing the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Sampling patients within physician practices and health plans: multistage cluster samples in health services research.

OBJECTIVE To better inform study design decisions when sampling patients within health plans and physician practices with multiple analysis goals. STUDY SETTING Chronic eye care patients within six health plans across the United States. STUDY DESIGN We developed a simulation-based approach for designing multistage samples. We created a range of candidate designs, evaluated them with respect to multiple sampling goals, investigated their tradeoffs, and identified the design that is the best compromise among all goals. This approach recognizes that most data collection efforts have multiple competing goals. DATA COLLECTION We constructed a sample frame from all diabetic patients in six health plans with evidence of chronic eye disease (glaucoma and retinopathy). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Simulations of different study designs can uncover efficiency gains as well as inform potential tradeoffs among study goals. Simulations enable us to quantify these efficiency gains and to draw tradeoff curves. CONCLUSIONS When designing a complex multistage sample it is desirable to explore the tradeoffs between competing sampling goals via simulation. Simulations enable us to investigate a larger number of candidate designs and are therefore likely to identify more efficient designs.
Fault Detection and Isolation for GPS RAIM Based on Genetic Resampling Particle Filter Approach

An integrity monitoring system is an inseparable part of global positioning system (GPS). According to the measurement noise feature of GPS receiver and the degeneracy phenomenon and alleviating the sample impoverishment problem in particle filter (PF). An approach to fault detection and isolation (FDI) for GPS receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) based on genetic resampling particle filter is proposed. The genetic algorithm (GA) is melted into the re-sampling process of the basic particle filter to solve the particles degeneracy and impoverishment problem. A main GA-aided particle filter (GPF) is used to process all the measurements to produce the optimal state estimate, several auxiliary GPFs are used to process subsets of measurements to produce the state estimate as detection references. By setting up the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) test to check the consistency of test statistics.The particles in GPF are assorted by weights, in order to reduce the computation complexity of the algorithm, only the lower weight particles participate in genetic operations.By collecting the GPS data from the GPS reciver, the feasibility and effectiveness of the RAIM approach is verified, and comparing with extended Kalman filter (EKF) and PF algorithm. The results show that the approach in the case of non-Gaussian measurement noise can estimate the state accurately, also can successfully detect fault satellite, therefore, improve the reliability of GPS positioning. DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i5. 4879