Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of breast lesions and cyto- histopathological correlation - A retrospective study in a teaching institution in North Malabar

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy in women. Fine needle aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is an important component of triple approach for diagnosing breast lesions and is highly sensitive, specific, rapid and easy to perform. FNAC has an important role in the preoperative evaluation of breast lesions and deciding treatment. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out among 350 patients who presented to a tertiary care hospital in North Malabar during a 4 year period from June 2013- June 2017. All cases that presented with breast lump were evaluated with FNAC and the lesions were categorised as C1- C5 as per National Health Service Breast screening programme (NHSBSP) reporting criteria. In 240 cases cytohistopathological correlation was obtained and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was determined. Aims: To study the spectrum of benign and malignant breast lesions and the efficacy of FNAC as a diagnostic tool by correlating with histopathological findings. Results: Statistical analysis showed that sensitivity of FNAC was 99.46% in benign lesions and 96.2 % in malignant lesions. The specificity and positive predictive value of malignant lesions were 99.46% and 98.07% respectively and that of benign lesions were 96.2% and 98.93% respectively. Conclusions: FNAC serves as a rapid and reliable tool for evaluation of breast lumps with high sensitivity and specificity. However, grey zone lesions of breast which shows atypical / suspicious morphology needs confirmation by biopsy. Keywords: Fine needle aspiration cytology, Breast lumps, Histopathology, Correlation.
Always Affecting the Wrong People? The Impact of US Sanctions on Poverty

In this paper, we analyze the effect of US economic sanctions on the target countries’ poverty gap during the period 1978–2011. Econometrically, we employ a nearest neighbor matching approach to account for differences in the countries’ economic and political environment and the likelihood of being exposed to US sanctions. Our results indicate that US sanctions are indeed affecting the wrong people as we observe a 2.3–5.1 percentage points (pp) larger poverty gap in sanctioned countries compared to their nearest neighbors. Severe sanctions, such as fuel embargoes, trade restrictions, the freezing of assets, or embargoes on most or all economic activity are particularly detrimental and lead to an increase in the poverty gap by 6.1–7.4 pp.
the overweight and obesity effect on motor ability level

In the last two decades there has been an increase in the number of children who have increased body weight or become obese. This statement confirms the fact that the affected population of children are not only in developed countries, but also in those who have a lower economic standard. Therefore, strategies for prevention and treatment of obesity have become a top priority for public health Aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in the level of motor skills with regard to the level of nutrition. Based on the obtained result, it could be confirmed hypothesis of this study that girls of normal body weight had a significantly better motor skills of the students who were overweight or obese. For students who have a problem with obesity must be developed intervention programs with a view to immediately engage in regular physical exercise to reduce body weight.
Preconditioning an Assymetric 2 D Poisson Problem

In this paper I explore a number of preconditioners for iterative Krylov methods on a particular set of nonsymmetric test problems of interest to the AMR community. While broad conclusions will require more research, initial results suggest that Incomplete LU factorization is the most effective preconditioner for this class of problems. This work was completed as a final project for the Fall 2011 Math 221 course at UC Berkeley
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I Gene Based Phylogenetic Description of Common Mormon Butterfly Papilio polytes (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

Lepidoptera is one of the largest orders of insects that include moths and butterflies. Most of the lepidopterans are morphologically similar, therefore the identification of these insect are tedious using morphotaxonomy and that is detrimental in designing a better strategy to control and conserve them. These are an extremely important group of ‘model’ organisms used to investigate many areas of biological research, including such diverse fields as navigation, pest control, embryology, mimicry, evolution, genetics, population dynamics and biodiversity conservation. Knowledge of lepidopteran genomics will create new methods of insect pest management and will contribute to sustainable agriculture, protection of the environment and the maintenance of biodiversity. In this study we have amplified cytochrome oxidase I gene of Papilio polytes for species identification and constructed phylogenetic tree for recognizing evolutionary relationship.
Mechanisms of Residual Stress Generation in Mechanical Surface Treatment: the Role of Cyclic Plasticity and Texture

Abstract : This project investigated the response of two aluminum alloys to laser shock peening, studying the effects of hardening response through different heat treatments of the same alloy; and the effects of crystallographic texture. The hardness of the material after peening was characterized by the nanoindentation technique, and the residual stresses were characterized by the incremental hole drilling technique. The effect of laser peening parameters on the magnitude, depth, and the uniformity of the induced hardness and residual stress was investigated. The number of peen layers has a significant effect on the hardness as well as the residual stress response. The T351 material showed an increase in hardness for up to 4 layers of peening which then saturated with further increase of power density and number of layers. However, an apparent softening effect was observed for the T39 alloy at higher energies. The effect of texture on the residual stresses generated by LSP was also studied. An AIG2099 (an AIGLi alloy) extruded TGbar was used that has strong fibre texture in the web section and a weak rolling texture in the flange section. Results show evidence of the influence of preferred crystallographic orientation on the depth and magnitude of the induced residual stress.
Geometry-induced motion of magnetic domain walls in curved nanostripes

Dynamics of topological magnetic textures are typically induced externally by, e.g., magnetic fields or spin/charge currents. Here, we demonstrate the effect of the internal-to-the-system geometry-induced motion of a domain wall in a curved nanostripe. Being driven by a gradient of the curvature of a stripe with biaxial anisotropy, transversal domain walls acquire remarkably high velocities of up to $100\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s}$ and do not exhibit any Walker-type speed limit. We pinpoint that the inhomogeneous distribution of the curvature-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is a driving force for the motion of a domain wall. Although we showcase our approach on the specific Euler spiral geometry, the approach is general and can be applied to a wide class of geometries.
Flux tubes in U(1) Lattice Gauge Theory

In this work we implement a numerical code to study several aspects of U(1) Lattice Gauge Theory, mainly properties of confining phase. We start with a general introduction to the subject of Lattice Gauge Theory. We utilize Polyakov loop correlations to study 4D compact U(1) flux tubes and the static electronpositron potential in lattice gauge theory. By using field operators we are able to probe directly the electric and magnetic fields. Also we study the evolution of the potential with β as well as other already well-known quantities. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in the confinement phase, we apply the Lüscher-Weiss multilevel algorithm. We study a range of temperatures from 0.05 Tc to 0.40 Tc and our results follow the Effective String Theory prediction for the relation between the the static charge distance and the width of the tube flux in the whole range. We are able to observe the transition from logarithmic to linear behavior. Our code is completely written in CUDA, and we run it in NVIDIA FERMI generation GPU’s, in order to achieve the necessary performance for our computations.
Alterations in Tyrosine Protein Phosphorylation Induced by Matrine in Leukemia Cells

Abstract Matrine is an alkaloid obtained primarily from roots of Sophora flavescens. Ait. (Leguminosae), an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat a range of disease. So far, the underlying molecular mechanism for the therapeutic effects of matrine has been poorly understood. In this work, we investigated the effects of matrine on tyrosine protein phosphorylation in human cells through immunoblotting. In bcr/abl-positive K562 cells, tyrosine phosphorylations of several proteins are altered in both time-and dose-dependent manners. Such alternations are distinct from those induced by the bcr/abl-targeting inhibitor STI571 and can be blocked by the later. The treatment of bcr/abl-negative lymphocytic and myeloid cell lines by matrine produced different patterns. In Raji cells, the tyrosine phosphorylation was the only protein affected. In U937 cells, no changes were observed. The findings in this work protein the first piece of evidence that matrine can alter the cellular signal transduction network at a molecular level. The observed changes in tyrosine phosphorylation of specific proteins provide important clues for uncovering the molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effects of matrine.
Board Independence and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: The Mediating Role of the Presence of Family Ownership

This paper examines the impact of board independence on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure and analyses the moderating effect of the presence of family ownership. Using an international sample from 29 countries from 2006 to 2014, our panel Tobit estimation shows that board independence is negatively associated with CSR disclosure practices and they present opposition to CSR disclosure practices. However, family ownership moderates the relationship and enforces the positive orientation of independent directors towards CSR disclosure. This shows that the presence of family ownership reduces independent director concern of reputation risks associated with receiving misleading information and family firms decrease the asymmetries of information between the independent director and management. The study also finds that independent directors encourage CSR disclosure in family firms more in civil law countries where investor protection is low compared to common law countries where investor protection is high.
Finite Element Analysis of Guyed Masts under Seismic Excitation

The seismic response of guyed masts is analyzed using the Finite element program ABAQUS in terms of their structural behavior and input seismic accelerograms. Detailed numerical simulations of four masts with varied parameters involving guy cables equally spaced at different stay levels are modeled to explore the dynamic behavior of mast under harmonic seismic ground motion. Modal dynamic and steady state dynamic analysis are carried out to analyze the behavior of guyed mast during drastic seismic movements. Displacement, base shear and axial force at various levels of guyed mast are computed and validated. The seismic response of precedent guyed masts isolated with a Friction Pendulum System (FPS) is examined under the same input seismic accelerograms and compared with the procured results.This evolution will concede towards an advanced resilient rational model for simplified seismic analysis of guyed masts.
On the Structure of Order Domains

The notion of an order domain is generalized. The behaviour of an order domain by taking a subalgebra, the extension of scalars, and the tensor product is studied. The relation of an order domain with valuation theory, Grobner algebras, and graded structures is given. The theory of Grobner bases for order domains is developed and used to show that the factor ring theorem and its converse, the presentation theorem, hold. The dimension of an order domain is related to the rank of its value semigroup.
DEVELOPMENT OF Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary ON STORED CARROT TREATED WITH Pythium oligandrum Drechsler DETERMINED BY qPCR ASSAY

Sclerotinia scletoriorum (Lib.) de Bary is a serious pathogen of carrots that can cause up to 50% losses of stored roots. Fungicides were found not to be completely effective for its control and due to residues they are not permitted for the use in storage. Biological control agents such as Pythium oligandrum may be a chance. The aim of research was to determine the level of carrot infection with S. sclerotiorum during few-month storage with qPCR and the potential control ability of this pathogen by Polyversum WP containing oospores of P. oligandrum. We analyzed carrot roots in combinations treated with Polyversum WP on the field, fumigated with biopreparation before storage and untreated control. S. sclerotiorum developed on carrots treated and untreated with Polyversum WP. During the storage, pathogen was isolated from 44.4% samples and P. oligandrum from 53.8% ones, respectively in the range from 0.0001 to 130 200.0; pg and from 0.004 to 0.3440 pg per sample. The number of roots with S. sclerotiorum and degree of their infection increased with prolonged storage. Analyses suggest that Polyversum WP may potentially limit the growth of S. sclerotiorum.
An Improved Representation of Rimed Snow and Conversion to Graupel in a Multicomponent Bin Microphysics Scheme

Abstract This paper describes the development of a new multicomponent detailed bin ice microphysics scheme that predicts the number concentration of ice as well as the rime mass mixing ratio in each mass bin. This allows for local prediction of the rime mass fraction. In this approach, the ice particle mass size, projected area size, and terminal velocity–size relationships vary as a function of particle mass and rimed mass fraction, based on a simple conceptual model of rime accumulation in the crystal interstices that leads to an increase in particle mass, but not in its maximum size, until a complete “filling in” with rime and conversion to graupel occurs. This approach allows a natural representation of the gradual transition from unrimed crystals to rimed crystals and graupel during riming. The new ice scheme is coupled with a detailed bin representation of the liquid hydrometeors and applied in an idealized 2D kinematic flow model representing the evolution of a mixed-phase precipitating cumulus. Re.
Thermal Energy Storage By Microcomposite Of A Phase Change Material And Ethyl Cellulose

Abstract Phase change materials (PCMs) are capable of storing and releasing large amounts of latent heat thermal energy when undergoes phase change. They are developed for various building applications such as thermal energy storage, thermal protection, cooling, air-conditioning, waste heat recovery and for solar heating systems. Paraffin PCMs have low cost and a moderate thermal energy density, though a low thermal conductivity. PCM microencapsulation is one of the best tools to enhance the heat transfer rate by enlarging the surface area. In this work ethyl cellulose as an environmental friendly encapsulating material was used to entrap n-hexadecane PCM by an emulsion-solvent evaporation method using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), Tween 80 or poly(methacrylic acid sodium salt) (PMAA) emulsifier. The structure of the forming microparticles was predicted by determining the interfacial tensions between the phases. Both theoretically and in the experiments, composites prepared with PMAA showed the most desirable properties regarding the size (average: 80 m) and the latent heat storage capacity (of melting and freezing were 111.4 J/g and 117.9 J/g, respectively), furthermore, there was no significant temperature and enthalpy change observed after 1000 heating-cooling thermal cycles, thus, this microcomposite can be considered as suitable encapsulated PCM for thermal energy storage applications.
EFFECTS OF REPLACING ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTERS ( AGPS ) WITH BOTANICAL EXTRACTS AND OILS IN FEED OF LAYING HENS ON PRODUCTION , PERFORMANCE AND SOME MICROBIAL COUNTS IN FECES

Botanical extracts and essential oils are considered important replacement additives for the antibiotic growth promoters in animal feeds. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of botanical extracts and essential oils on production performance of laying hens and microbial count viz; total bacterial count, E. coli and salmonella presence in feces. One hundred and twelve, 40 weeks old, white Novagin laying hens (1480+50 grams average live body weight each) were randomly assigned to seven groups equally (n = 16). Each treatment group was replicated four times with four birds per cage unit. Experimental diets were prepared by adding polyphenolic extracts of black tea (C), black cumin seed (D), fenugreek seed (E) as well as seed oils from black cumin (F) and fenugreek (G) in the negative control (B; treatment with no antibiotic or antioxidant added in the diet) and compared with positive control (A) carrying antibiotic lincomysin (4.4%) 120mg/kg of feed, antioxidant seldox (BHA, BHT, ethoxiquine and citric acid) 120mg/kg of feed, acetic acid (99.5%) 0.15mL/kg of feed. After completion of the five weeks trial, weekly egg production percentage of all treatments were significantly higher than negative control (B) (P<0.05), however treatments A, C, D, E, F and G had non-significant differences among one another (P>0.05). The presence of Salmonella and E. coli in feces of the birds on experimental treatments on different days of trial was insignificantly variable but total bacterial count decreases with increasing age except negative control. These results demonstrate that the plant extracts/oils have positive affect on the production performance and microbial health of the laying hens and thus can be used instead of commercial antibiotics.
Effect of Knowledge Management on Firm Competitiveness: Testing the Mediating Role of Innovation in the Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya

Knowledge and innovativeness are have been recognized as the main sources of competitive advantages in the economy. Small and medium-sized firms need to increase attention on knowledge management and innovativeness so as to be competitive. The study examined knowledge management, innovativeness and firm competitiveness. The study is conducted on the results based on 252 small and medium manufacturing enterprise managers in Nairobi, Kenya. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS statistical packaged software. The study results showed that knowledge management processes influence innovativeness positively, innovativeness enhances firm competitiveness while innovativeness is a mediator between knowledge management and firm competitiveness. The study demonstrated that knowledge management and innovation should be integrated to enhance firm competitiveness. The viewpoint proposed is that knowledge management is an important element for small and medium enterprises in today's dynamic and competitive environment. Keywords: knowledge management, firm competitiveness, innovativeness, Kenya, SMEs.
MDR Analysis Technique for a Metallic Sphere in the Rectangular Waveguide

The Morphology-dependent resonance (MDR) for a sphere follows form Mie theory. Analytics gives the solution only for a free-space situation. This work describes the initial principles of microwave discernibility conditions for a sphere, placed at the center of the rectangular waveguide. Having previously obtained data for this position, extreme frequencies of the range of transmission line are of interest. Obtained formulations, describe the behavior of reflection coefficient in this diapason. The main interest aroused for the Rayleigh region. The caustic analysis, between sphere surface and waveguide walls, also gives the desired results. Numerical and natural experiments at the frequency range 7-12 GHz, confirms the findings.
XUV ionization of aligned molecules

New extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) light sources such as high-order-harmonic generation (HHG) and free-electron lasers (FELs), combined with laser-induced alignment techniques, enable novel methods for making molecular movies based on measuring molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions. Experiments are presented where CO2 molecules were impulsively aligned using a near-infrared laser and ionized using femtosecond XUV pulses obtained by HHG. Measured electron angular distributions reveal contributions from four orbitals and the onset of the influence of the molecular structure.
Human Sport Activities Recognition and Registration from Portable Device

—The drop in costs of hardware prices have led to significant changes in the size of various processors and sensors in smartphones. These devices come with a big range of new, precise measurement taking tools and multi-location sensors (distance sensor, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, camera and lighting sensors). This has opened the door for new smart device apps that can use data mining applications relying on sensor data. One of the main uses is the recognition of human movements. In this study, we propose a recognition and tracking method in sports activities such as push-ups, sit-ups and squats using only smartphone sensors and a machine learning algorithm. The key location for the smartphone is the upper part of the user’s left arm. To collect the data and produce features for classifying sports activities, the motion data from accelerometer and gyroscope sensors is used. The features are made of two sliding windows and additional data processing which renders our classifier even more versatile. Fast response time, light-weight and accurate sport recognition can be used in mobile applications like our Home Workout Fitness Tracker which can process all the data in real time and create a real time sports activities tracking system.
Interactive Arrangement of Chords and Melodies Based on a Tree-Structured Generative Model

We describe an interactive music composition system that assists a user in reﬁning chords and melodies by generating chords for melodies (harmonization) and vice versa (melodization). Since these two tasks have been dealt with independently, it is difﬁcult to jointly estimate chords and melodies that are optimal in both tasks. Another problem is developing an interactive GUI that enables a user to partially update chords and melodies by considering the latent tree structure of music. To solve these problems, we propose a hierarchical generative model consisting of (1) a probabilistic context-free grammar (PCFG) for chord symbols, (2) a metrical Markov model for chord boundaries, (3) a Markov model for melody pitches, and (4) a metrical Markov model for melody onsets. The harmonic functions (syntactic roles) and repetitive structure of chords are learned by the PCFG. Any variables speciﬁed by a user can be optimized or sampled in a principled manner according to a uniﬁed posterior distribution. For improved melodiza-tion, a long short-term memory (LSTM) network can also be used. The subjective experimental result showed the effectiveness of the proposed system.