Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selective denaturation of milk coagulants in 5 M-urea

Summary Porcine and bovine pepsins were very stable in 5·0 M-urea at pH 2·0 or 2·5 at 30 °C while chymosin and Mucor miehei and M. pusillus proteases were rapidly denatured under these conditions. These differences may provide the basis of a quantitative assay of the complement of individual milk clotting enzymes in a coagulant and a possible scheme is suggested.
Constitution Making.

Be it in established democracies or in countries emerging from violent political conflict, constitution-making processes have become a key activity in moments of profound political and social change. Over the last three decades, the field of constitution making has witnessed an explosion of academic research from a variety of disciplines. This chapter sketches recent developments in the field, both in academia and in practice, and offers an overview of the conceptual and methodological approaches that have informed the study of such processes so far. The aim of the chapter is to introduce the reader to nascent anthropological research on constitution making and to explore how anthropological methods and theory can serve to address existing knowledge gaps and complement, nuance, and perhaps challenge existing approaches to constitution making.
Bovine κ-Casein Gene Promoter Haplotypes with Potential Implications for Milk Protein Expression

Abstract Genetic analysis of the κ -casein gene ( CSN3 ) promoter regions of 42 cattle representing 9 different breeds revealed that 2 distinct haplotypes (A and B) exist at this locus, differing from each other by single base changes at positions −514 (T/G), −426 (T/C), and −384 (T/C), where haplotype A has bases T, T, and T and haplotype B has bases G, C, and C. The AA and AB haplotypes were found to occur at a higher frequency in the animals tested, with 69.0 and 21.4% being homozygous and heterozygous, respectively. The sequences that include these polymorphisms are potentially important in transcriptional regulation of the κ -casein gene, because they contain putative sites for binding of many transcription factors. Linkage disequilibrium between the κ -casein promoter haplotype and either one of the 2 major κ -casein coding sequence haplotypes was not evident. The A allele is dominant in all groups (dairy, beef, and dual purpose) with an allele frequency of 80% and is higher among high-yielding dairy animals (88.9%) than among beef animals (75%). The AB haplo-type is comparatively rare in the dairy cattle (11.1%) compared with both beef and dual-purpose animals. The BB haplotype, though rare overall (9.5%), is much higher in dual-purpose animals (18.8%) than dairy (5.6%) animals. In contrast, the B allele is much more representative of the κ -casein promoters from other ruminants.
Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effects of Aloe Vera Gel on Alloxan Induced Diabetic Animal Models

Aloe vera gel (AVG) extract is commonly used as a home remedy for some diseases, including diabetes mellitus. This study investigates the effects of pure Aloe vera (Aloe babardensis) gel on some biochemical, haematological and histological parameters in diabetic rats. The animals were divided into six groups of six rats each (n=6). Diabetes mellitus was experimentally induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of a single dose of alloxan monohydrate (170 mg/kg BW.) following a 12 h fasting period. The Groups I and V received isotonic saline in a similar manner. The establishment of diabetes mellitus was confirmed by fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels above 350mg/dl using a GlucoMetre (AccuChek Active). The AVG extract was administered for 14 days along with the metformin and alloxan drugs administered. Blood samples were collected from fasted rats. The effect of AVG on fasting blood biochemical, haematological and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and histological examination of the liver, kidney and pancreas were evaluated. Results indicated a decrease in glucose level in the AVGtreated group and an improvement in the lipid profile, as well as some haematological parameters. In addition, oral administration of Aloebarbadensis gel decreased the level of MDA with a corresponding increase in the activities of CAT, SOD, GST and GSH levels in the liver tissue of diabetic rats. These results suggest potent hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant and therapeutic effects of Aloe, beneficial as a herbal remedy for the treatment/management of diabetes mellitus
DIGITAL TWIN BASED SYNCHRONISED CONTROL AND SIMULATION 
OF THE INDUSTRIAL ROBOTIC CELL USING VIRTUAL REALITY

During the years common understanding of the possibilities and perspectives of Virtual Reality (VR) usage has been changed. It is thought that VR is mainly used in entertainment purposes, but it is being used already for many years in different industries, and now with easier access to the hardware it became a helpful and accessible tool that could be used and developed in any field of human activities. In manufacturing, immersive technologies are mainly used nowadays for the visualisation of processes and products combining those visuals into the factory Digital Twin (DT) which is possible to view from the inside look. This feature is already being used in several manufacturing simulation tools, which enable to view onto industrial line / robotic cells via Virtual Reality glasses. However, the potential of using simulations with VR in manufacturing is not fully uncovered. The main aim of this, industrial robotics targeted research is to enable besides simulation also universal control algorithms through Virtual Reality experience, produced by game engine Unity3D, which can be easily modified for a wide range of industrial equipment. The primary outcome of this work is the development of the synchro-nisation model of real and virtual industrial robots and experimental testing the developed model in Virtual Reality and shop floor labs
Effect of long slow distance exercise regime on health-related physical fitness components among overweight adults with non-communicable diseases

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 12-weeks of long slow distance (LSD) exercise with interval training for the treatment of health related physical fitness components such as cardiovascular endurance, body fat composition, flexibility, muscle strength, muscle endurance and total fitness score among overweight adults with non-communicable disease. The intervention exercise program is a combination of long slow distance activity with interval training alternating of low and medium intensity involving a physical conditioning training with medium volume and low resistant. The study population consisted of twenty-three overweight subjects with 25 to 55 years of age and have a non-communicable disease. Subjects were assigned to a 12-weeks of intervention treatment for 60 min per once, three times in a week with total of 36 sessions. A pretest-posttest research design was used. Statistical analyses include descriptive analysis and paired t-test to determine within group mean differences. Results of the study subject of treatment group experienced a positive improvement in all the six variables after treatment. Results indicate a significant improvement in body composition between pre-test (M = 33.8) and post-test (M = 30.30). There was a statistical significant increases in cardiovascular endurance, muscle endurance, muscle strength and flexibility. Further to that, fitness score received a significant improvement during pretest (M = 61.13) to post-test (M = 65.96). Therefore, it is concluded that the intervention of long slow distance exercise with interval training program; had improved all the five health-related physical fitness components and overall fitness score. It was also contributed to a positive finding among overweight adults with the non-communicable disease in Malaysia.
The Transposition of Counting Situations in a Virtual Environment

The mathematics education research is increasingly focused on different didactical hypotheses for constructing teaching and learning situations involving the decimal principle of the numeration system. One of these situations is, for example, counting a big collection of objects through the tangible manipulation. In this paper we introduce the simulating device, “Simbuchettes”, for analysing its potential concerning this situation with respect to the tangible material. In particular, we will show that “Simbuchettes” preserves all of the techniques we identified in the tangible world and it allows to mobilise other techniques strongly grounding on the decimal principle of the numeration system that we rarely observed with the tangible material.
Fabric Image Retrieval System Using Hierarchical Search Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Fabric image retrieval is a meaningful issue, due to its potential values in many areas such as textile product design, e-commerce, and inventory management. Meanwhile, it is challenging because of the diversity of fabric appearance. Encourage by the recent breakthrough in the deep convolutional neural network (CNN), a deep learning framework is applied for fabric image retrieval. The idea of the proposed framework is that the binary code and feature for representing the image can be learning by a deep CNN when the data labels are available. The proposed framework employs a hierarchical search strategy that includes coarse-level retrieval and fine-level retrieval. Otherwise, a large-scale wool fabric image retrieval dataset named WFID with about 20 000 images are built to validate the proposed framework. The longitudinal comparison experiments for self-parameter optimization and horizontal comparison experiments for verifying the superiority of the algorithm are performed on this data set. The comparison experimental results indicate the superiority of the proposed framework.
Influence of temperature on germination performance of osmoprimed flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seeds.

Seed enhancements such as seed priming can be used to improve germination uniformity and accelerate the rate of germination. The study focused on evaluating the interaction between light and temperature effects on germination percentages of osmoprimed tobacco seeds (Nicotiana tabacum L.) of eight flue-cured varieties namely K RK26, K RK28, T29, T64, T65, T66, T71 and T72. Seeds were osmoprimed for a maximum period of five days in different solutions of phytohormones (6Benzylaminopurine (BA) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and a salt (KNO3). The lower water potential of these solutions was achieved by adding an osmoticum (Polyethylene Glycol 8000). The influence of osmotic priming was evaluated by incubating the treated seeds under light and dark conditions at optimal (20/30°C) and supra-optimal (33±2°C) temperatures. The experiment revealed that the eight tobacco varieties, gave lower germination percentages in total darkness at high temperatures (33±2°C) than when imbibed under light at 20/30°C. The non-primed seeds exhibited the least germination performance throughout the entire experiment. Osmopriming T64 and T29, in KNO3+ PEG 8000 was superior in enhancing their germination percentages under dark conditions at 33±2°C. Response of the different varieties was different. K RK26, T65, T71 and K RK28 treated with BA+PEG 8000 recorded the highest germination performance for all the germination attributes used in this study whereas, T66 and T72 had a positive response to GA+KNO3+PEG 8000 and BA+ KNO3+PEG 8000 respectively. Osmotic priming resulted in increased germination percentages, rate of germination and improved germination uniformity of the different tobacco cultivars under supra-optimal conditions. Whereas under these conditions, the non-primed seeds of all the varieties exhibited poor germination performances. Therefore, osmotic priming can be used as a method of enhancing tobacco seed germination under stressful environmental conditions.
Biology of the endangered black-footed ferret and the role of captive propagation in its conservation

The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes), one of the rarest mammals in the world, is apparently an obligate dependent on prairie dogs. Ferret numbers were probably reduced by habitat fragmentation. The last known wild colony, west of Meeteetse, Wyoming, was decimated by canine distemper in 1985. The few remaining ferrets exist in captivity. In this paper, we review aspects of the reproductive physiology and life history of the black-footed ferret with focus towards captive propagation and subsequent reintroduction of the species into natural habitat. We discuss the black-footed ferret in the context of small population biology and relate the value of captive propagation as a conservation tactic.
Location of Multiple-Server Common Service Centers or Facilities, for Minimizing General Congestion and Travel Cost Functions

The authors propose a model for locating a fixed number of multiple-server service centers or facilities that may become congested. Customers arriving at these centers must wait in line until served. The locations of the facilities and the allocations of customers to them are chosen by the planner, so to minimize both travel costs and system-wide congestion (or queuing) at centers. All the customers arriving at the facilities must be served, up to a certain maximum line length. The travel cost in which customers incur is a function of the length of the trip to the facility, while the congestion cost at a facility is a general function of the number of customers waiting on line or being served at the facility. The resulting model is a nonlinear p-median formulation. A solution method for this nonlinear model is proposed, and computational experience is presented.
Low CP Rank and Tucker Rank Tensor Completion for Estimating Missing Components in Image Data

Tensor completion recovers missing components of multi-way data. The existing methods use either the Tucker rank or the CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) rank in low-rank tensor optimization for data completion. In fact, these two kinds of tensor ranks represent different high-dimensional data structures. In this paper, we propose to exploit the two kinds of data structures simultaneously for image recovery through jointly minimizing the CP rank and Tucker rank in the low-rank tensor approximation. We use the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to reformulate the optimization model with two tensor ranks into its two sub-problems, and each has only one tensor rank optimization. For the two main sub-problems in the ADMM, we apply rank-one tensor updating and weighted sum of matrix nuclear norms minimization methods to solve them, respectively. The numerical experiments on some image and video completion applications demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to the state-of-the-art methods.
Future Semantic Segmentation Leveraging 3D Information

Predicting the future to anticipate the outcome of events and actions is a critical attribute of autonomous agents. In this work, we address the task of predicting future frame segmentation from a stream of monocular video by leveraging the 3D structure of the scene. Our framework is based on learnable sub-modules capable of predicting pixelwise scene semantic labels, depth, and camera ego-motion of adjacent frames. Ultimately, we observe that leveraging 3D structure in the model facilitates successful positioning of objects in the 3D scene, achieving state of the art accuracy in future semantic segmentation.
Improved in vitro culture and micropropagation of different Melissa officinalis L. genotypes.

Melissa officinalis L. is widely cultivated in the world and Iran as well, due to its useful application in medicine. In order to establish a stable and high frequency of regeneration system with 4 landrace collected from different climate in Iran, major parameters such as regeneration rate, rooting percentage, shooting and proliferation rate were investigated. Statistical analysis of results showed that BAP in combination with NAA had the highest regeneration in shoot tips explants. NAA in combination with IAA and Kinetin had the best response to callus induction. Also 1 mgl/l NAA had the higher response to rooting than other’s used auxins. Explants derived from Hamedan landrace had the highest potential for regeneration. This is the first report on high frequency in vitro regeneration in four diverse landraces of M. officinalis selected from various climates regions in Iran.
Further evidence of pigmentation change in white sharks, Carcharodon carcharias

Patterns of pigmentation are widely used for the identification of white sharks, with photographic databases often forming the basis for studies of population modelling, site fidelity and movement patterns. The permanence of these identifying markings is assumed to remain constant. Here, we present evidence of melanism resulting in a change in the shape and size of pigmentation markings on the lower caudal lobe of a female white shark. We found a 33% reduction in size of an islet over a 9-month period. The newly melanised region was 10% darker than the adjoining pigmented areas, and did not match the original pattern. Possible causes of the observed melanism are presented, and the implications for the reliability of using caudal-fin pigmentation patterns for identification purposes are discussed, with a combinational matching approach recommended.
Report for 2011 from the Bordeaux IVS Analysis Center

This report summarizes the activities of the Bordeaux IVS Analysis Center during the year 2011. The work focused on (i) regular analysis of the IVS-R1 and IVS-R4 sessions with the GINS software package; (ii) systematic VLBI imaging of the RDV sessions and calculation of the corresponding source structure index and compactness values; (iii) imaging of the sources observed during the 2009 Inter- national Year of Astronomy IVS observing session; and (iv) continuation of our VLBI observational program to identify optically-bright radio sources suitable for the link with the future Gaia frame. Also of importance is the enhancement of the IVS Live Web site which now comprises all IVS sessions back to 2003, allowing one to search past observations for session-specific information (e.g. sources or stations).
Reliability Modeling of Infrastructure Load-Sharing Systems With Workload Adjustment

Motivated by the need to support effective asset management of infrastructure systems, this paper presents a novel reliability model for a load-sharing system where the operator can adjust component work load to balance system degradation. The operator-intervention effect, combined with other system complexities, makes modeling reliability interesting and challenging. We first develop cost modeling for a load-sharing system that has experienced operational service at the time of analysis. The system replacement process is modeled as a delayed renewal process for which the expected operational cost of the system is derived. A numerical algorithm is proposed to compute the cost, and the error bound is shown to be of order $O(n^{-1})$. Next, we extend modeling to consider multiple heterogeneous systems located at different sites within the infrastructure network. Heterogeneities here refer to possible cross-site differences in the operating environments and the operators’ actions. When the heterogeneities are observable, we model as covariates; otherwise, we model as random effects. Statistical inference methods are developed for the proposed models. An example using real data from a water utility illustrates the logical model behavior given parameter choices as well as showing how analysis might inform asset management.
Phenylalanine and Threonine Levels for Young Chicks

ABSTRACT GRAU (1947) indicated that chicks require 0.6 to 0.8 percent dl -phenylalanine in the diet plus an equal amount of tyrosine. Almquist (1952) and the National Research Council (1954) gave the requirement for phenylalanine as 1.6 percent of the diet, 0.7 percent of which may be replaced by tyrosine. Fisher (1956) found the phenylalanine requirement to be about 0.5 percent of the diet in the presence of excess tyrosine. Almquist and Grau (1944) indicated that 1.0 percent dl -threonine appeared to be insufficient to support growth in a diet composed of pure amino acids. Wilkening et al. (1947) stated that 0.67 percent l -threonine from oxidized casein and gelatin apparently satisfied the chicks’ requirement for threonine. Grau (1949) concluded that the l -threonine requiredent is approximately 0.45 percent of the diet. dl -threonine was only one-half as active as l -threonine. Lewis (1951) reported that a diet containing 27 percent crude protein from wheat gluten and .
Neurophysiological and biochemical markers of multisensory processing in schizophrenia and healthy adults

The mind’s ability to create a picture of the world requires the continual processing and integration of huge amounts of different sensory stimuli at every moment. The aim of the present work was to examine the interplay of experiential, neurophysiological, and neurochemical aspects of brain function and to investigate potential differences in the processes between healthy controls (HC) and individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ). In the first study the relationship between multisensory integration in the audiovisual Sound Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI) paradigm, high frequency neural oscillations and the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate were examined. Neurophysiology was assessed by using electroencephalography, and neurotransmitter concentrations were obtained by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. It could be shown that GABA concentration in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) mediates gamma band oscillation power and perception in the SIFI. Furthermore, in the second study the relationship between multisensory processing in the SIFI and event-related potentials (ERPs), as well as beta/gamma band oscillatory activity was assessed. Results did not reveal any behavioral differences in the SIFI illusion rate between SCZ and HC. In the ERPs SCZ compared to HC showed reduced amplitudes and diminished ERP differences between illusion and no-illusion trials. Furthermore, time-frequency representations of oscillatory activity in SCZ revealed a lack of 25-35 Hz oscillatory power enhancement over occipital electrodes. The results suggest that there are multisensory processing alterations in SCZ, however they do not translate on the behavioral level. The third study was focused on the interplay between experiential and neurochemical aspects and examined the relationship between the neurotransmitter glutamate in the STS and occipital cortex and personality traits