Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-Based Early Intrusion Detection System in Industrial LAN Networks Using Honeypots

The emergence of industrial Cyberinfrastructures, the development of information communication technology in industrial fields, and the remote accessibility of automated Industrial Control Systems (ICS) lead to various cyberattacks on industrial networks and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) networks. The development of ICS industry-specific cybersecurity mechanisms can reduce the vulnerability of systems to fire, explosion, human accidents, environmental damage, and financial loss. Given that vulnerabilities are the points of penetration into industrial systems, and using these weaknesses, threats are organized, and intrusion into industrial systems occurs. Thus, it is essential to continuously improve the security of the networks of industrial control facilities. Traditional intrusion detection systems have been shown to be sluggish and prone to false positives. As a result, these algorithms' performance and speed must be improved. This paper proposes a novel Honeypot enhanced industrial Early Intrusion Detection System (EIDS) incorporated with Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. The proposed scheme collects data from all sensors of Honeypot and industrial devices from the industrial control network, stores it in the database of EIDS, analyses it using expert ML algorithms. The designed system for early intrusion detection can protect industrial systems against vulnerabilities by alerting the shortest possible time using online data mining in the EIDS database. The results show that the proposed EIDS detects anomalous behavior of the data with a high detection rate, low false positives, and better classification accuracy.
Multiple input DC-DC power converter for fuel-cell powered hybrid vehicles

Customer demands for greater acceleration, performance, and vehicle range in pure EVs plus mandated requirements to further reduce emissions in HEVs increase the appeal for combined on-board energy storage systems and generators. This paper deals with a multiple input DC-DC power converter devoted to combine the power flow of multi-source on-board energy systems. The proposed energy storage arrangement includes fuel cell generator, ultracapacitor tank, and battery system. Possibility of optimization of the output capacitors bank in relation to the RMS value of the current ripple is investigated.
The Impact of ICT on Labour Productivity – Europe vs. U.S.

Research background: The European economy has been experiencing declining productivity growth rates since the 1970s despite high investments in information and communication technologies (ICT). Investments in ICT are considered a key driver of productivity growth that serves as a basis for further improvements in living standards. However, despite the emergence of new technologies and industries, especially after 1995, European productivity growth has slowed and lagged behind the United States. The critical question is why? Purpose of the article: This article aims to examine the effects of ICT on the European labour market in the period when machines and systems such as artificial intelligence, new information technologies, the Internet of things, and other technologies are becoming increasingly interconnected and intertwined. Additionally, the article examines the key reasons why European productivity lags behind the U.S. and explains them. Methods: The panel regression method analyzes the productivity lag of selected European developed countries and emerging markets in 2007-2019. The article additionally makes a qualitative analysis of the benefits of new technologies on productivity in Europe compared to the U.S. Findings & Value added: The results of the econometric analysis applied in this article confirm the positive but insignificant impact of ICT investments on the labour productivity of the case of European developed countries in the post-Great Recession period. Thus, the article fills the gap in the research literature regarding the relationship between ICT investments and the labour productivity of selected European countries.
Fire Protection For Non-storage Occupancies With High Ceiling Clearances

Five large-scale fire tests were conducted to determine sprinkler protection requirements for non-storage occupancies with floor-to-ceiling clearance up to 18.3 m. Examples of high-ceiling, non-storage occupancies are atrium spaces, movie theaters/studios, auditoriums, and some selected manufacturing facilities. The fire tests were conducted at a 18.3-m high test site using fuel arrays that were designed to simulate ordinary hazard fire scenarios. Sprinkler protection parameters and fuel arrangements were varied in the tests. The tests showed that:1) the sprinklers would provide adequate protection for these occupancies despite a clearance as high as 16.6 m from the top of the fuel stacks to the ceiling, 2) protection based on a 12-mm/min discharge density over a 465-m demand area was judged adequate for fire hazards equivalent to a FMRC Class 3 Commodity, 3) protection based on a 6-mm/min discharge density over a 232-mdemand area was adequate for fire hazards up to a Class 2 Commodity, 4) protection based on QR-ELO sprinklers delivering a 18-mm/min discharge density over a 232-mdemand area would provide adequate protection for high-ceiling occupancies exposed to a limited amount of plastic materials. Sprinkler skipping, extended sprinkler spacing, and protection of an occupancy with a ceiling higher than 18.3 m remain as subjects needing further study.
The effect of map label language on the visual search of cartographic point symbols

ABSTRACT The present study aims to examine how the visual search for cartographic symbols is affected by the language of map labels. More specifically, we explore the influence of native language in the performance of a visual search map task which is referred to target point symbol detection. The main research hypothesis is that the relative position of the target symbols plays a significant role in the visual search process, although labels language impacts reaction time. In a controlled laboratory experiment with 38 participants and eye tracking technology, we used maps with labels in participants’ native language (Polish) and in Chinese, which participants could neither read nor write. We find that the detection of target symbols with Chinese labels is faster when the symbol’s location is peripheral. On the other hand, faster detection of target symbols with labels in participants’ native language favors central location. It turned out that having noticed the target symbol, participants fixated on the native language label. For Chinese labels, having seen the target symbol, participants did not fixate on the label. It also turned out that when participants searched for a target symbol located in the peripheral zone, more visual attention was in this zone. However, when the target symbol’s location was central, the participants’ visual attention focused mostly on the central zone. This confirms the significant role of the location of cartographic symbols in the visual search process.
Traffic Throttling to Improve TCP Incast Throughput

Cluster-based storage systems are widely used by many large data centers because of the manageability, low cost and other advantages. However, typical cluster-based storage systems rely on the standard TCP/IP Ethernet for clients to access data. Clients would experience the TCP effective throughput (called goodput) collapse which is termed as Incast problem. The main reason of Incast is TCP retransmit timeout which is caused by unfairness between the competing flows. In this paper, we analyze the TCP Incast dynamics from the fairness aspect and propose a method to make the competing flows share the network resource fairly by throttling the traffic. The simulation results show that our method is able to improve the TCP Incast goodput by 10% comparing to the high-timer-resolution
Information Delivery Scheme by Using DTN in Battlefield Eenvironment

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is recently become popular on the internet since we can download and transfer mass data through it. However, transferring data with distances over 100m often causes some troubles. When downloading mass data from moving vehicles such as cars, jeeps, tanks, etc., if the download process from the first AP (Access Point) is not completed then we have to re-start this process from the second AP (from 0%). Therefore, the question is how to maintain the data we have received from the first AP, and then continuously download remaining data from the next APs in a battlefield environment. In this paper, we propose an effective method for receiving mass data separately from the mobile receive nodes in a Delay Tolerant Network (DTN). We carried on an experiment and evaluation by simulation; these simulation results are provided to show the proposed information delivery scheme performance.
Dual band-notched ultra-wideband microstrip antenna using asymmetrical spurlines

A simple and novel ultra-wideband microstrip-fed antenna with dual band-notched characteristic is presented. By etching a pair of asymmetrical spurlines on the feedline, two notched bands of 600 MHz (3.95 4.55 GHz) and 650 MHz (5.35 6.0 GHz) are achieved. Measured results show that this antenna operates from 2.5 to 12.0 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio less than 2, except two frequency notched bands of 3.95 4.55 GHz and 5.35 6.0 GHz. Moreover, this antenna has good omnidirectional radiation patterns in the H-plane.
Fostering the Growth of Teacher Networks within Professional Development: Kaiako Wharekura Working in Pàngarau

This 2008 case study follows on from the research carried out in 2007 for the wharekura 1 Te Poutama Tau 2 project with a cluster of kaiako 3 now known as Kupenga. This year’s study included an additional cluster known as Waiariki. The study focused on examining how a facilitator fostered and encouraged kaiako networks within professional development in order to support effective implementation of teaching and learning based on Te Poutama Tau. Analysis of data gathered through kaiako and facilitator questionnaires and interviews has revealed that kaiako are becoming increasingly familiar with the professional development components aimed at strengthening content and pedagogical knowledge and developing kaiako capability to sustain further development. Themes from the 2007 study of suitable facilitator characteristics and the importance of te reo pangarau 4 were reinforced and developed in the 2008 study. It is evident that kaiako need continued facilitator support to enable them to develop fully-functional kaiako networks that can sustain and support their professional growth as kaiako pangarau 5 at wharekura level.
Integrating AHP Application for Project Management

Project management considers theme as the most vibrant and dynamic multi-disciplinary. Project management includes situations of decision making that are complex, thus the discerning methods to make a sound decisions are required. AHP has been used as a managerial decision tool in many industries. For most cases in project management, AHP has been used as a standalone methodology. In an attempt to extend the use of integrated AHP applications to areas that regarding to project management issues, this paper aims to introduce the integrated AHP application for dealing with project management issues. Combined AHP with some meta-heuristics approaches will be suitable to solve the problem related of the project management.
MR-iSAM2: Incremental Smoothing and Mapping with Multi-Root Bayes Tree for Multi-Robot SLAM

We present multi-robot iSAM2 (MR-iSAM2), an efficient incremental smoothing and mapping (iSAM) algorithm to solve multi-robot simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) inference problems. MR-iSAM2 is based on a novel data structure multi-root Bayes tree (MRBT), which packs multiple Bayes trees with the same undirected clique structure. In multi-robot scenarios, the MRBT enables new measurements from different robots to be updated in different root branches, while all updates are performed around the single root of the Bayes tree in the original iSAM2 algorithm. As a result, the MRBT better reveals the underlying sparsity and information flow in multi-robot SLAM inference problems than the Bayes tree. Based on this insight, we further develop MR-iSAM2 to incrementally update and maintain the sparsity structure of the MRBT and enable efficient information propagation among the roots for inter-robot inference. We analyze the properties of the MR-iSAM2 algorithm, and show with both synthetic and real world datasets that it significantly outperforms iSAM2 in efficiency when solving multi-robot SLAM problems.
Impedance-Based Collision Reaction Strategy via Internal Stress Loading in Cooperative Manipulation

Cooperative manipulation systems inherently cause internal stress on the common object. Many works have proposed methods to eliminate this internal stress. However, in this paper, we show that this property can be cautiously leveraged to compensate for external disturbance on the cooperative system, particularly disturbances that occur due to collision along the links of one of the cooperating robots. We present an impedance-based scheme to control the level of compensation, thereby regulating the internal stress on the object due to the applied compensation wrenches. Previously, we introduced a method to compensate for collision with one arm of the system, but that approach sometimes caused untenable stress on the object. With the impedance-based compensation strategy presented in this paper, a suitable trade-off between maintaining the desired pose of the grasped object and limiting the permissible internal stress on the object, is achieved. We demonstrate our approach by using two kuka arms to cooperatively grasp and lift a rod in simulation.
Medical Waste Management Practices in a Southern African Hospital

This study examined the medical waste management practices of a hospital in Southern Africa. The results revealed that the hospital does not quantify medical waste. Segregation of medical wastes into infectious medical waste and non-infectious medical waste is not conducted according to definite rules and standards. Separation of medical waste and municipal waste is however practiced to a satisfactory extent. Wheeled trolleys are used for on-site transportation of waste from the points of production to the temporary storage area. Staff responsible for collecting medical waste use almost completes personal protective equipment. Offsite transportation of the hospital waste is undertaken by a private waste management company. Small pickups are mainly used to transport waste daily to an off-site area for treatment and disposal. The main treatment method used in the final disposal of infectious waste is incineration. Noninfectious waste is disposed off using land disposal method. The study showed that the hospital does not have a policy and plan in place for managing medical waste. There are a number of problems the hospital faces in terms of medical waste management, including; lack of necessary rules, regulations and instructions on the different aspects of collections and disposal of waste, failure to quantify the waste generated in reliable records, lack of use of coloured bags by limiting the bags to only one colour for all waste, the absence of a dedicated waste manager, and no committee responsible for monitoring the management of medical waste. Recommendations are given with the aim of improving medical waste management in hospitals.
Superlinear Integrality Gaps for the Minimum Majority Problem

The minimum majority problem is as follows: given a matrix A ∈ {−1, 1}m×n, minimize ∑n i=1 xi subject to Ax ≥ 1 and x ∈ (Z). An approximation algorithm that finds a solution with value O(opt logm) in poly(m,n, opt) time is known, which can be obtained by rounding a linear programming relaxation. We establish integrality gaps that limit the prospects for improving on this guarantee through improved rounding and/or the application of Lovász-Schrijver (LS) or Sherali-Adams (SA) tightening of the relaxation. These gaps show that applying LS and SA relaxations cannot improve on the O(opt logm) guarantee by more than a constant factor in polynomial time.
Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Implementation In Effort To Reduce Work Accidents At PT Geoservices In Sangatta

Occupational Safety and Health (K3) is the main means for the prevention of workplace accidents, disabilities, and deaths for employees. One way to identify hazards is to use a work safety analysis or better known as the Job Safety Analysis (JSA), which can examine work methods and find hazards from the design of machines, tools, materials, environment, and work processes needed for workers to prevent interference with work safety. This study aims to analyze and determine the implementation of Job Safety Analysis (JSA) to reduce the number of work accidents at PT. Geoservices Sangatta. Job Safety Analysis (JSA) (X) is used as an independent variable while Work Accident (Y) is the dependent variable. Primary data obtained through interviews directly with 5 employees of PT. Geoservices Sangatta. Secondary data obtained through data that is already available at PT. Geoservices Sangatta. The results showed that in the process of carrying out the work of PT. Geoservices Sangatta had made a policy that was committed to implementing occupational safety and health, as well as identifying hazards and prevention at each stage of the job namely by Job Safety Analysis (JSA). The implementation of Job Safety Analysis (JSA) at PT. Geoservices Sangatta can reduce the number of work accidents as seen from the decreasing number of work accidents that occurred at PT. Geoservices Sangatta in early 2020, although in the implementation there are still some lacking especially in the implementation of safety talk which only runs documents or administration, in practice, they are not routinely carried out. PT. Geoservices Sangatta should follow up with the socialization of Job Safety Analysis (JSA) procedures to all employees, one of which is by conducting training on occupational safety and health so that all employees truly understand and realize how important K3 is to employee safety and health.
Micro-mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of coal under cyclic loading: A nanoindentation experiment and molecular dynamics simulation

ABSTRACT By studying the key mechanical properties and their damage mechanisms of coal at the nanoscale, a better understanding of the strength and damage of coal in complex stress environments can be obtained. The micro-mechanical properties and damage mechanism of coal under cyclic loading were investigated by nanoindentation experiment and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of nanoindentation. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted by building models containing approximately 2.5 million atoms, it was found that the coal substrate showed cyclic hardening under cyclic loading. The hardness and elastic modulus of the coal samples measured by the nanoindentation experiment gradually increased from 0.476 GPa to 0.740 GPa and from 4.70 GPa to 5.997 GPa, respectively. The simulation results display a good agreement with the experimental results. The simulation results show that the plastic damage of coal substrate under cyclic loading is related to the stretching, bending, rotation, and fracture of chemical bonds. At the same time, the formation and recovery of elastic deformation are related to the changes of van der Waals force, Coulomb force, and bond angle. Additionally, the carbon hexatomic ring in the coal macromolecule is critical in resisting the influence of loading.
Can Formal Security Verification Really Be Optional? Scrutinizing the Security of IMD Authentication Protocols

The need for continuous monitoring of physiological information of critical organs of the human body, combined with the ever-growing field of electronics and sensor technologies and the vast opportunities brought by 5G connectivity, have made implantable medical devices (IMDs) the most necessitated devices in the health arena. IMDs are very sensitive since they are implanted in the human body, and the patients depend on them for the proper functioning of their vital organs. Simultaneously, they are intrinsically vulnerable to several attacks mainly due to their resource limitations and the wireless channel utilized for data transmission. Hence, failing to secure them would put the patient’s life in jeopardy and damage the reputations of the manufacturers. To date, various researchers have proposed different countermeasures to keep the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of IMD systems with privacy and safety specifications. Despite the appreciated efforts made by the research community, there are issues with these proposed solutions. Principally, there are at least three critical problems. (1) Inadequate essential capabilities (such as emergency authentication, key update mechanism, anonymity, and adaptability); (2) heavy computational and communication overheads; and (3) lack of rigorous formal security verification. Motivated by this, we have thoroughly analyzed the current IMD authentication protocols by utilizing two formal approaches: the Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic (BAN logic) and the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA). In addition, we compared these schemes against their security strengths, computational overheads, latency, and other vital features, such as emergency authentications, key update mechanisms, and adaptabilities.
APPLICATION OF THE STRENGTH DESIGN METHOD FOR FLEXURAL MEMBERS AT PRESTRESS TRANSFER

The paper first illustrates the application of recommendations presented in an earlier paper that working stress design of prestressed members at time of transfer of prestress to concrete be replaced with strength design. Demonstrated in this paper is the implementation of a standard spreadsheet program. Also provided are applications to standard products such as I-beams, inverted tee beams, and double tee products.
Comparison Between DCM and Quaternion Transformation in Lever Arm Compensation of Reference System for Flight Performance Evaluation of DGPS/INS

The flight performance evaluation of navigation system is very significant because the reliability of navigation data directly affect the safety of aircraft. Especially, the high-level navigation system such as DGPS/INS, need more precise flight performance evaluation method. The performance analysis is evaluated by comparing between the navigation system in aircraft and reference trajectory which is more precise than navigation system in aircraft. In order to verify DGPS/INS performance of m-level, the GPS receiver, which is capable post-processed Carrier-phase Differential GPS(CDGPS) method of cm-level, have to be used as reference system. The DGPS/INS is estimated the Center of Gravity (CG) point of aircraft to offer precise performance while the reference system is output the position of GPS antenna which is mounted on the outside of aircraft. Therefore, in order to more precise performance evaluation, it needs to compensate the lever arm and coordinates transformation. This paper use quaternion and Direct Cosine Matrix(DCM) methods as coordinate transformation matrix in lever arm compensation of CDGPS reference trajectory. And it compares NED errors of DCM and quaternion transformation in lever arm of reference trajectory via DGPS/INS result.