Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Penalized lasso methods in health data: Application to trauma and influenza data of Kerman

Background: Two main issues that challenge model building are number of Events Per Variable and multi collinearity among exploratory variables. Our aim is to review statistical methods that tackle these issues with emphasize on penalized Lasso regression model. The present study aimed to explain problems of traditional regressions due to small sample size and multi-colinearity in trauma and influenza data and to introduce Lasso regression as the most modern shrinkage method. Methods: Two data sets, corresponded to Events Per Variable of 1.5 and 3.4, were used. The outcomes of these two data sets were hospitalization due to trauma and hospitalization of patients suffering influenza respectively. In total, four models were developed: Classic Cox and logistic regression models, as well as their penalized lasso form. The tuning parameters were selected through 10-fold cross validation. Results: Traditional Cox model was not able to detect significance of any of variables. Lasso Cox model revealed significance of respiratory rate, focused assessment with sonography in trauma, difference between blood sugar on admission and 3 h after admission, and international normalized ratio. In the second data set, while lasso logistic selected four variables as being significant, classic logistic was able to identify only the importance of one variable. Conclusion: The AIC for lasso models was lower than that for traditional regression models. Lasso method has practical appeal when Events Per Variable is low and multi collinearity exists in the data.
Parental investment asymmetries of a globally endangered scavenger: unravelling the role of gender, weather conditions and stage of the nesting cycle

ABSTRACT Capsule: In Egyptian Vultures Neophron percnopterus, both sexes invested similar parental effort throughout the breeding period. However, there was variation in the degree of intensity of parental care during some stages of the breeding period, suggesting that sex-role specialization exists for some activities. Aims: To quantify parental care behaviour of Egyptian Vultures for the first time and to examine the role of sex, weather conditions, and stage of nesting cycle on breeding ecology. Methods: We monitored 15 nests of Egyptian Vultures to analyse parental care investment. We collected data on nine different behavioural parameters/activities per sex, which were recorded throughout the entire breeding period. Variation in parental investment was analysed using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Females invested more effort in incubation/brooding (61.45% for females and 31.54% for males) and egg turning (0.45 events/h for females and 0.37 events/h for males) while males contributed more to nest material delivery to the nest (0.67 deliveries/h for males and 0.14 deliveries/h for females). Conversely, both sexes invested the same effort in nestling attendance (21.89% for females and 21.21% for males) and food provisioning (0.28 items/h for females and 0.25 items/h for males). Furthermore, parental investment was not affected by weather, especially during critical moments such as incubation/brooding, however, changeover rate was positively related to temperature. Conclusion: Our results suggest that, in the Egyptian Vulture, one sex is not entirely responsible for a particular task and the compensatory effort of the other mate is required. Finally, our findings indicate that major events such as incubation onset and hatching caused important shifts in the patterns of parental investment.
The Role of Child Support Debt on the Development of Mental Health Problems among Nonresident Fathers

Using the first five waves of data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), this research examines whether nonresident fathers who owe child support arrears are at risk for the development of depression and alcohol abuse problems. To attenuate a potential omitted variable bias, I controlled for fathersâ€™ previous mental health status by including a lagged dependent variable as a covariate. As a robustness check, I used an instrumental variable approach to correct for endogeneity and measurement error associated with mothersâ€™ report of fathers' child support arrears. The study provides strong evidence that fathers who owe arrears are more likely to report mental health problems than those who do not owe any arrears. The study also finds that fathers who receive more support from friends and families during childbirth were less likely to develop depression caused by child support arrears than those who receive less support.
Regulation of NF-kappa B and cell death by bacterial gingipains

The role of non-caspase proteases in the regulation of programmed cell death is relatively under-studied. In this short communication, we report that infection of human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells ex vivo by Porphyromonas gingivalis rapidly activated NF-kappa B, an antiapoptotic player; PI3 kinase was also induced, and together, they inhibited apoptosis. Later, pro-apoptotic cellular genes, including caspases, were induced. Apoptosis was evidenced by the degradation of nuclear DNA and activation of caspases. Unexpectedly, a P. gingivalis mutant that lacked all three major gingipain proteases was defective in promoting apoptosis, which was consistent with the cleavage of procaspase-3 to the active form by the culture supernatant of wild type P. gingivalis, but not that of the triple protease mutant. These results suggest that cellular death in the P. gingivalis-infected gum may be orchestrated by gingipain-regulated apoptotic factors.
THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-EFFICACY, MOTIVATION, AND INDEPENDENCE ON STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS

Entrepreneurship education has been implemented in higher institutions in order to give exposure and develop students’ skills and interest in business. Although entrepreneurship course is taught in many universities, researchers are still arguing whether entrepreneurship education is related to the intention to start a business. This study investigated the impact of self-efficacy, independence, and motivation on entrepreneurial intentions among university students. A total of 496 questionnaires were completed by students of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) who attended Fundamental of Entrepreneurship and Innovation during the academic year 2017/2018 as their compulsory subject. Using PLS-SEM, a two-step approach was used to analyze the data. Self-efficacy, independence, and motivation were found to significantly influence the students’ intention to become entrepreneur, explaining 52% of the variance in intention to become entrepreneur. Additionally, the findings indicate that motivation is the key factor in the entrepreneurial intent of the students. These findings contribute to a better understanding of students’ intention to become an entrepreneur, which is a necessary step to increase more university students to become job creators rather than job seekers. Thus, higher education institutions should revise the curriculum and establish measures to incorporate these three factors for enhancing entrepreneurship education programs at the university. Keywords: Entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial intention, independence, motivation, self-efficacy Cite as: Omar, N. A. , Shah, N. U. , Abu Hasan, N. , & Ali, M. H. (2019). The influence of self-efficacy, motivation, and independence on students’ entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 1-28. http://dx.doi. org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp1-28
Health Psychology Bulletin: Improving Publication Practices to Accelerate Scientific Progress

The instrument of scientific publishing, originally a necessary tool to enable development of a global science, has evolved relatively little in response to technological advances. Current scientific publishing practices incentivize a number of harmful approaches to research. Health Psychology Bulletin was founded to address these issues. Health Psychology Bulletin (HPB) is a new open access journal that actively promotes full disclosure through publication of replication and analysis packages and that explicitly welcomes null findings, reports of failed manipulation, replications, as well as regular contributions. HPB strives to publish all conducted studies in a manner that maximizes the potential lessons that can be learned, fostering a shift from a competitive to a collaborative model of science. HPB also implements a double blind peer reviewing procedure that is unblinded and citable once an article is accepted, and HPB will strive to enable post-publication peer reviews. Finally, HPB offers authors the possibility to submit (and publish) their introductions, methods, study protocols and replication packages before data collection, thereby benefiting from the peer review process in optimization of their methodologies. By implementing these innovations, HPB aims to contribute to remedying a number of problems that have recently been identified in the way health psychology science is conducted. In addition, the European Health Psychology Society aims to offer a new accessible, affordable, and flexible outlet to her members (and non-member health psychology researchers).
SensAct: The Soft and Squishy Tactile Sensor with Integrated Flexible Actuator

Herein, a novel tactile sensing device (SensAct) with a soft touch/pressure sensor seamlessly integrated on a flexible actuator is presented. The squishy touch sensor is developed with custom‐made graphite paste on a tiny permanent magnet, encapsulated in Sil‐Poxy, and the actuator (15 μ‐thick coil) is fabricated on polyimide by Lithographie Galvanoformung Abformung (LIGA) micromolding method. The actuator can operate in two modes (expansion and contraction/squeeze) and two states (vibration and nonvibration). The sensor was tested with up to 12 N applied forces and exhibited ≈70% average relative resistance variation (ΔR/Ro), ≈0.346 kPa−1 sensitivity, and ≈49 ms response time with excellent repeatability (≈12.7% coefficient of variation) at 5 N. During simultaneous sensing and actuation, the modulation of coil current, due to ΔR/Ro (≈14% at 2 N force) in the sensor, allows the close loop control (ΔI/Io ≈385%) of expansion/contraction (≈69.8 μm expansion in nonvibration state and ≈111.5 μm peak‐to‐peak in the vibration state). Finally, the soft sensor is embedded in the 3D‐printed fingertip of a robotic hand to demonstrate its use for pressure mapping along with remote vibrotactile stimulation using SensAct device. The self‐controllable actuation of SensAct could provide eSkin the ability to tune stiffness and the vibration states could be utilized for controlled haptic feedback.
An Investigation of Rural Welsh Cinemas:Their Histories, Memories and Communities

This thesis explores rural Welsh cinema history, in terms of both exhibition practice and audience experience, prior to 1970. In doing so it provides new contexts for the burgeoning, though still underrepresented, field of rural cinema studies. In considering rural regions of Wales, this thesis also seeks to overturn a dominance of urban studies within the limited amount of scholarship concerning Welsh cinema history. Utilising a combination of archival and ethnographic methodologies, this thesis then asks what were the unique factors of rural Welsh cinemagoing and exhibition history. Furthermore, this thesis rejects any view of rural Wales as a culturally homogeneous zone and considers if these experiences and practices vary across the differing social, political, economic and linguistic regions of the country.
Genomic Surveillance Enables Suitability Assessment of Salmonella Gene Targets Used for Culture-Independent Diagnostic Testing

Salmonella is a highly diverse genus consisting of over 2,600 serovars responsible for high-burden food- and waterborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Sensitivity and specificity of PCR-based culture-independent diagnostic testing (CIDT) systems for Salmonella, which depend on a highly conserved gene target, can be affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), indels, and genomic rearrangements within primer and probe sequences. This report demonstrates the value of prospectively collected genomic data for verifying CIDT targets. ABSTRACT Salmonella is a highly diverse genus consisting of over 2,600 serovars responsible for high-burden food- and waterborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Sensitivity and specificity of PCR-based culture-independent diagnostic testing (CIDT) systems for Salmonella, which depend on a highly conserved gene target, can be affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), indels, and genomic rearrangements within primer and probe sequences. This report demonstrates the value of prospectively collected genomic data for verifying CIDT targets. We utilized the genomes of 3,165 Salmonella isolates prospectively collected and sequenced in Australia. The sequences of Salmonella CIDT PCR gene targets (ttrA, spaO, and invA) were systematically interrogated to measure nucleotide dissimilarity. Analysis of 52 different serovars and 79 multilocus sequencing types (MLST) demonstrated dissimilarity within and between PCR gene targets ranging between 0 and 81.3 SNP/kbp (0 and 141 SNPs). The lowest average dissimilarity was observed in the ttrA target gene used by the Roche LightMix at 2.0 SNP/kbp (range, 0 to 46.7); however, entropy across the gene demonstrates that it may not be the most stable CIDT target. While debate continues over the benefits and pitfalls of replacing bacterial culture with molecular assays, the growing volumes of genomic surveillance data enable periodic regional reassessment and validation of CIDT targets against both prevalent and emerging serovars. If PCR systems are to become the primary screening and diagnostic tool for laboratory diagnosis of salmonellosis, ongoing monitoring of the genomic diversity in PCR target regions is warranted, as is the potential inclusion of two Salmonella PCR targets in frontline diagnostic systems.
The Impact of the Composition Effect on Ferromagnetic Properties of Tb2Co2Ga

The ferromagnetic properties of Tb2Co2Ga, crystallizing into an orthorhombic W2CoB2-type structure, were investigated by preparing 11 polycrystalline samples with different starting atomic compositions. We found that Tb2Co2Ga possesses a homogeneity range in the ternary phase diagram. The Curie temperature TC is sensitive to the atomic composition and ranges rather widely, i.e., from 75 to 145 K. For the samples with a TC above 90 K, the nearest Tb–Tb and the Tb–Co distances would be important factors deciding TC, considering the RKKY interaction through the hybridization between Tb and Co atoms. An anisotropic change of two kinds of Co–Tb–Co angles in the octahedron formed by two Tb and four Co atoms occurs in the samples with a TC lower than 90 K. Such a change of octahedral parameters seems to be related to a difference of shapes in the ac magnetization anomaly at TC between the samples in the lowest TC (~ 75 K) group and those in the other groups.
Economic voting in Turkey: single- vs. multi-party governments

ABSTRACT This study investigates the strength of economic voting in Turkey under various types of governments. A vote equation developed for this purpose, which takes into account all of the key factors mentioned in the economic voting literature, shows that voters hold coalition governments less responsible for their economic performance than single-party governments and minor partners of a coalition government less responsible than its major member. These gaps widen as political fragmentation of the government increases. In governments involving many parties and parties with significantly different ideologies, some of the junior coalition members benefit rather than suffer from a bad economy.
Catalytic advances in direct functionalizations using arylated hydrazines as the building blocks

ABSTRACT Catalysis Changes the Scenario Phenyl hydrazine was the first hydrazine derivative prepared by Emil Fisher in 1875 for the characterization of sugars via hydrazones formation. Since then, various chemical applications have been demonstrated for hydrazines such as the synthesis of heterocyclic molecules like Fischer indole synthesis and hydrazone formation, among others. In the recent scenario, the catalytic decomposition of phenyl hydrazines and structurally similar phenylsulfonyl hydrazides has enabled unique reactivity properties and emerged as stable and readily available sources for diverse functionalizations by extruding small fragments like N2, SO2, and H2 gases in situ. Under mild oxidative conditions arylhydrazines leads to aryl radicals via the intermediate formation of instable diazenes. Due to these salient features, arylated hydrazines have gained considerable attention and serve as the building block for various important direct catalytic functionalizations such as Heck-type reactions, conjugate additions, C-H bond arylations, etc. Numerous catalytic methods have been developed utilizing arylated hydrazine; therefore, a focused anthology along with mechanistic insight will help in futuristic developments in direct functionalizations. Herein, we describe a focused compilation on the subject based on recent research in this direction. We have included recent articles (last 10 years) in this specific area describing applications and mechanistic aspects of the catalytic methodologies. Graphical Abstract
Credit Risk in Derivative Securities - A Simplified Approach

The pricing of options and other derivatives which are subject to the default risk of the writer usually requires the calibration of a sophisticated model and substantial effort in determining the input parameters. In empirical research, this effort is often avoided, and a basic approach that assumes independence of credit risk and market risk is applied. In this note, we propose a very simple method to incorporate correlated credit risk in the pricing of vulnerable derivatives. The approach is based on some approximations of more sophisticated models and requires the correlation between the underlying of the derivative and its writer as the only additional input parameter. It is therefore easily applicable and maintains the accuracy of sophisticated models to a large extent, as shown in numerical studies for call options, put options, and discount certificates.
Maximum Power Extraction Strategy for Variable Speed Wind Turbine System via Neuro-Adaptive Generalized Global Sliding Mode Controller

The development and improvements in wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) are intensively focused these days because of its environment friendly nature. One of the attractive development is the maximum power extraction (MPE) subject to variations in wind speed. This paper has addressed the MPE in the presence of wind speed and parametric variation. This objective is met by designing a generalized global sliding mode control (GGSMC) for the tracking of wind turbine speed. The nonlinear drift terms and input channels, which generally evolves under uncertainties, are estimated using feed forward neural networks (FFNNs). The designed GGSMC algorithm enforced sliding mode from initial time with suppressed chattering. Therefore, the overall maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control is very robust from the start of the process which is always demanded in every practical scenario. The closed loop stability analysis, of the proposed design is rigorously presented and the simulations are carried out to authenticate the robust MPE.
Asset Pricing with Endogenous State-Dependent Risk Aversion

We present an economy where aggregate risk aversion is stochastic and state-dependent in response to information about the wider economy. A factor model is used to link aggregate risk aversion to the business cycle and to handle high-dimensionality of the information about the economy. Our estimated aggregate risk aversion is counter-cyclical and varies with news about economic booms and busts. We ﬁnd new evidence of volatility clustering of risk aversion around recessions. In addition to the price of consumption risk associated with consumption risk, time variation in risk aversion introduces risk preferences as a new component of the risk premium.
Random Fields Simplified: Preserving Marginal Distributions, Correlations, and Intermittency, With Applications From Rainfall to Humidity

Nature manifests itself in space and time. The spatiotemporal complexity of processes such as precipitation, temperature, and wind, does not allow purely deterministic modeling. Spatiotemporal random fields have a long history in modeling such processes, and yet a single unified framework offering the flexibility to simulate processes that may differ profoundly does not exist. Here we introduce a blueprint to efficiently simulate spatiotemporal random fields that preserve any marginal distribution, any valid spatiotemporal correlation structure, and intermittency. We suggest a set of parsimonious yet flexible marginal distributions and provide a rule of thumb for their selection. We propose a new and unified approach to construct flexible spatiotemporal correlation structures by combining copulas and survival functions. The versatility of our framework is demonstrated by simulating conceptual cases of intermittent precipitation, double‐bounded relative humidity, and temperature maxima fields. As a real‐word case we simulate daily precipitation fields. In all cases, we reproduce the desired properties. In an era characterized by advances in remote sensing and increasing availability of spatiotemporal data, we deem that this unified approach offers a valuable and easy‐to‐apply tool for modeling complex spatiotemporal processes.
Does Single Motherhood Hurt Infant Health Among Young Mothers?

Does single motherhood adversely affect infant health? This question is not easy to answer because of the endogeneity of coresidence during pregnancy. In this paper, we exploit quasi-natural variation in single motherhood from the moment of conception to that of birth arising from marriageable age restrictions and the reform of the laws in Korea. The Korean birth certificate dataset is unique in that it allows us to distinguish coresidence and legal marital status and further to identify the duration of pregnancy period without a partner. Results show that although coresidence with the partner during pregnancy is seemingly beneficial for infant health, it is mostly driven by selection into coresidence. Further, we do not find any significant advantage of legal marriage among young mothers.
The TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ESTABLISHING ETHANOL FUEL PLANT IN KENANA SUGAR COMPANY

In recent years sugar cane industry had been faced with challenges that are mainly manifested in utilization of its by-products such as bagasse and molasses, and the growing concern for the environment that makes the governments to orient its policies and efforts towards the product of fuel that is chemically extracted through fermentation and distillation.The research paper is directed to serve the economy through feasibility study to establish ethanol fuel plant to improve the profits of the sugar industry and alleviate the environmental problems resulting from the use of fossil fuels. The study revealed that a capital of $26,201,660 can be invested in plant that produces 200,000 liter/day of ethanol fuel; the annual gross revenue without considering taxes is estimated to be $11,133,000 with payback period of 3.67 years. The economic indicators are feasible showing that internal rate of return is 22.55%.