Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beneficial Investigation of Extended-Range Electric Powertrains with Dual-Motor Inputs and Multi-Speed Transmission

This paper comparatively investigates the performance of extended-range electric powertrains composed by integrating dual-motor inputs, multi-speed transmission, and engine in either series or parallel connection. Two configurations, namely dual-motor series powertrain (DMSP) and dual-motor parallel powertrain (DMPP), feature the same electric drivetrain of two downsized motors and a four-speed transmission, but their range extenders are fundamentally different. While the DMSP consists of a range extender formed by an engine-generator unit, the DMPP connects the engine through a frictional clutch. This study starts with the parameter selection that guarantees the equivalent dynamics ability of all configurations. Mathematic models are second established in detail. A model predictive control-based energy management strategy is third presented. Since the recommended configurations aim for bus application, the driving cycle CBDC and ECE15x5 are chosen for simulation. Performance indexes used for comparison include electric consumption, fuel consumption, and emissions (hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter). Compared to the conventional single-motor series powertrain, the DMSP improves all the indexes significantly, while the DMPP decreases fuel consumption further but increases most noxious exhaust emissions.
Nest-location and nest-survival of black-chinned hummingbirds in New Mexico: a comparison between rivers with differing levels of regulation and invasion of nonnative plants

Abstract We compared plants used as sites for nests and survival of nests of black-chinned hummingbirds (Archilochus alexandri) along two rivers in New Mexico. Along the free-flowing Gila River which was dominated by native plants, most nests were constructed in boxelder (Acer negundo). Along the flow-restricted Middle Rio Grande which was dominated by nonnative plants, most nests were constructed in nonnative plants such as Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) and saltcedar (Tamarix). Mean nest height varied among species of plants used as nesting sites but was about 4 m at each study area. Logistic exposure-estimates of survival of nests were considerably higher along the Middle Rio Grande (52%) than the along the Gila River (23%). Survival of nests was influenced by nest height and species of plant used as nesting site, with survival rates of nests greatest at mean heights in Russian olive and saltcedar. Our results highlight considerable variation in nesting characteristics between two study areas and show that subcanopy nest-sites are essential components of productive habitat for this species.
Refinement of biomonitoring of urban water courses by combining descriptive and ecohydrological approaches.

Abstract Two approaches are proposed for developing adapted metrics, proposing realistic and sustainable ecologic objectives, and suggesting a management strategy for stream rehabilitation. The first approach implemented a harmonization system of French standardized biotic indices. The second one was based on the development of functional traits (FTrs), which were defined by oligochaete assemblages inhabiting coarse surface sediments and the hyporheic system. The harmonization system allowed to define a weighted general ecological quality. The FTrs characterized an ecological potential (EP) resulting from interactions between physical factors (dynamics of hydrologic exchanges between surface water and groundwater) and chemical factors. An example of using both approaches at the same urbanized site is presented and serves for planning of rehabilitation activities. The benefits, drawbacks and progress of both approaches are discussed.
Preprocessing the Discrete Time-Cost Tradeoff Problem with Generalized Precedence Relations

This study investigates the deadline of the discrete time-cost tradeoff problem (DTCTP-D) with generalized precedence relations (GPRs). This problem requires modes to be assigned to the activities of a project such that the total cost is minimized and the total completion time and the precedence constraints are satisfied. Anomalies under GPRs are irreconcilable with many current theories and methods. We propose a preprocessing technology, an equivalent simplification approach, which is an effective method for solving large-scale complex problems. We first study a way to deal with the anomalies under GPRs, such as the reduce (increase) in project completion as a consequence of prolonging (shortening) an activity, and discover relationships between time floats and path lengths. Then, based on the theories, we transform the simplification into a time float problem and design a polynomial algorithm. We perform the simplification and improve the efficiency of the solution by deleting redundant calculation objects.
Diseases of Peperomia, Impatiens, and Hibbertia caused by cucumber mosaic virus.

Virus isolates from Peperomia, Impatiens, and Hibbertia were identified as cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) by serology, particle morphology, RNA profile and hybridization, and coat protein size. It was possible by RNA:cDNA hybridization to assign the eight isolates to the two accepted groups for CMV: D type isolates (D, F NY , C L , H Y , and I N ); and S type isolates (S, Ls, and Ps). Serological data agreed in general with the hybridization data but differences were noted. The peperomia isolate (CMV-Ps), which was characterized by the production of large black ringspots on its original host, formed spurs with both D and S viral isolates irrespective of the antisera used but was grouped with S type isolates by DNA hybridization. Isolates from other ornamental species growing in South Carolina were all grouped with D type isolates. Isolate CMV-Ps is the first S type isolate found in South Carolina.
THE QUALITY OF MARRIAGE IN FUNCTION OF SATISFACTION WITH LIFE, SATISFACTION WITH WORK, DEPRESSION AND ALTRUISM

There are multiple contributors that help maintain and improve partner relationships in marriage, however, there are also those that cause the quality of marriage to decrease. As a result, the researched subject matters often were length of marriage, health of partners, personality traits, and number of children. One of the research goals, conducted in 2018 using PORPOS-3 battery, was to examine if satisfaction with work, satisfaction with life, depression, and altruism are significant predictors of different dimensions of marriage quality. Quality of marriage was measured using shorten scale Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS, Spanier, 1976) that estimate dyadic adaptability. Applying factor analysis three factors of the DAS scale were extracted: dyadic consensus (α=0.889), satisfaction with marriage (α=0.847), and risks for marriage stability (α=0.758). Altruism was measured using the scale that represents combination of the Altruism scale (Raboteg-Šaric, 2002) and the Alzam scale (Cekrlija, Turjačanin & Puhalo, 2004) (α=0,938). Participants evaluated the level of satisfaction with life and satisfaction with work on a scale from 1 (for completely unsatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied). Depression was measured with scale Patient health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) (α=0,862). The sample consisted of couples who are married or in a relationship (N=900), mean age 41 (SD=12,471) (aged 19 to 79), living in 37 urban and rural locations distributed through 20 administrative districts of Serbia. Hierarchical regression analyses were applied, whereby at the first step, we entered sociodemographic variables (age, education, number of children, gender), and at the second step we entered satisfaction with life and work, depression, and altruism. Only the predictors that were significantly correlated with the criterion were included in the models. Depression, satisfaction with life, age, and satisfaction with work were significant predictors of criterion variable dyadic consensus (F(7, 733) = 26,310, R2 =,201, p = ,000); depression, satisfaction with life, age, gender, and altruism were significant predictors of criterion variable risks for marriage stability (F(6, 744) = 30,332, R2 = ,197, p = ,000), and depression, age, satisfaction with life, altruism, satisfaction with work, and the number of children were significant predictors of criterion variable satisfaction with marriage (F(7, 741) = 30,657, R2 = ,225, p = ,000). Depression increased risks for marriage stability (risks entail disagreement and divorce discussion), and it negatively affected satisfaction with marriage and dyadic consensus. Altruism did not have a significant impact on dyadic consensus, but it influenced satisfaction with marriage and reduced risk of marriage stability. When lower satisfaction with life, risks of marriage stability increased. Satisfaction with work had a significant but low impact on dyadic consensus and satisfaction with marriage.
Littoral zones as sources of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon in lakes

A survey of 12 lakes in Minnesota, USA, was conducted to examine the factors controlling variability in biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) concentration. The principal question addressed was whether BDOC concentration was more strongly related to lake trophic status or morphometric parameters. BDOC concentration was determined by incubating filtered lake water for a period of 15 months and fitting an exponential decay curve to measured DOC concentrations. BDOC concentrations varied from 73 to 427 µmol C·L–1 and composed 15%–63% of the total DOC pool. There were no significant correlations between BDOC and measures of lake trophic status. Instead, BDOC was most closely associated with the percentage of lake area covered by littoral zone, suggesting a significant source of BDOC from aquatic macrophytes and lake surface sediments.
Studies on Danish entoprocta

Abstract A survey of the literature on the Danish Entoprocta is given. Descriptions and figures are given of all Entoprocta, viz. 24 species, recorded from Danish waters. Seventeen of these are new to the Danish fauna, and eight are new to science. The members of the Loxosomatidae have been especially studied, and their systematics revised. The two genera Loxosomella and Loxocalyx are united into one under the name of Loxosomella, and this genus and Loxosoma are both divided into two subgenera. Based in part on the new species, the phylogenetic trends within the Loxosomatidae are discussed. Considering the association between all the species described and their hosts, it is concluded that the Loxosomatidae are energy commensals which secure their food by filtering it from the water currents made by their host animals. Observations on the periods of reproduction of the Loxosomatidae seem to show that the majority of the species reproduces all year round.
Surge Compression for Improved Fault Location Accuracy in Full Transient-Based Methods

This paper proves that the accuracy of single-ended fault location techniques based on the correlation of fault transients in power lines can be significantly improved by inverse-filtering transients first. The reason for this improved accuracy is found in the reduction of the duration of the fault surge signal, thus increasing the sensitivity of fault-location metrics to the fault position. Reported results show that by using the proposed filtering strategy, faster sampling rates systematically and significantly improve the location accuracy, as opposed to the case when no filter is applied, for which virtually no improvement is observed. Because of its higher spatial selectivity, the proposed fault-location technique required the development of a new synchronization method, which ensures a precise transient synchronization without the need for high-speed sampling. It is concluded that by jointly using the proposed transient filtering and synchronization solutions, correlation-based fault location can be significantly improved even when using sampling rates as low as 100 kHz. Extensive numerical simulations for a three-phase transmission line confirm an improvement exceeding one order of magnitude in the fault location accuracy, for both low- and high-impedance faults.
Basinwise Statistical Analysis of Factors Limiting Tropical Storm Formation From an Initial Tropical Circulation

Tropical cyclones (TCs) form within a closed circulation region of large‐scale disturbances under certain dynamical and thermodynamical conditions. This study investigates differences in the large‐scale environmental conditions of a TC 48 hr before the declaration of tropical depression, comparing those that developed into tropical storms (TSs) with those depressions that did not develop. Here, we apply the Okubo‐Weiss Zeta Parameter detection and tracking scheme to ERA‐interim reanalysis from 1989–2018, across different ocean basins. The method detects storm‐system‐scale environmental conditions that favor TC formation. We construct spatial composites of thermodynamical and dynamical quantities for both developing and nondeveloping depressions, as well as storm‐relative streamlines. A statistical index (the Box Difference Index) is used to quantitatively estimate the dominant limiting factors of TS formation from the area‐averaged quantities of large‐scale variables. The relative contribution of large‐scale environmental variables impeding the development of an initial tropical depression to TS differs between ocean basins perhaps due to regional variations in the characteristics of large‐scale disturbances and the surrounding environmental conditions. A streamline analysis shows that the developing storms have a more pronounced cyclonic core and are protected from external influences by a stronger shear sheath layer surrounding the core extending from the lower to middle troposphere. This study, therefore, identifies the potential limiting variables and structural differences in an initial circulation that impede TS formation across different ocean basins.
ANALISIS PERFORMA PROGRESSIVE WEB APPLICATION (PWA) PADA PERANGKAT MOBILE

Diantara aplikasi web dan aplikasi native terdapat kesenjangan yang menimbulkan permasalahan. Aplikasi web membutuhkan browser dan koneksi yang baik untuk membuka aplikasi, sedangkan aplikasi native membutuhkan penyedia aplikasi seperti Google PlayStore dan App Store. Pengguna juga memerlukan ruang memori yang cukup untuk sebuah aplikasi yang diinginkan dan tidak semua aplikasi mendukung perangkat yang digunakan. Untuk mengatasi kesenjangan ini, Google menciptakan metode baru dalam pengembangan web. Metode itu adalah Progressive Web Application (PWA). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis fitur dan kemampuan dari PWA dengan melakukan uji coba pada situs web PWA di mobile dengan aspek penilaian performance, accessibility, best practices, seo, page size, load time, dan penerapan PWA itu sendiri seperti (fast and reliable, installable, pwa optimization). Pengujian juga dilakukan dengan membuktikan fitur dari PWA pada sebuah aplikasi web e-commerce menggunakan mobile. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa PWA memiliki kemampuan dan fitur yang sangat baik sebagai pengembangan dari aplikasi web dan dapat membantu kesenjangan antara aplikasi web dan aplikasi native.
Effect of Technological Parameters on Electrophoretic Detection of Cow's Milk in Ewe's Milk Cheeses

Abstract Electrophoretic analysis of whey proteins was used to determine the presence and amount of cow's milk in ewe's milk cheeses. Various combinations of types of whey proteins were compared; using the ratio of cow's β-lactoglobulin A and B to bovine serum albumin was most accurate. The influence of various technological parameters was studied. Vegetable rennet exerted greater proteolytic action on whey proteins than did animal rennet but did not influence the level of detection. Type of pressing had no effect, There was no influence of aging on the level of detection in either Manchego cheese or Roquefort cheese. When silver nitrate was used for staining, quantities of cow's milk at levels of 1% or more were detectable in various types of cheese. Heating of the cow's milk to 90°C for 30 min denatured the whey proteins and gave negative results when cow's milk was added to sheep's milk for cheese making. This method has the advantage that whey proteins are less susceptible to proteolysis than caseins and is a simple procedure and of low cost.
Artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning for eye care specialists

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods have become a focus of intense interest within the eye care community. This parallels a wider interest in AI, which has started impacting many facets of society. However, understanding across the community has not kept pace with technical developments. What is AI, and how does it relate to other terms like machine learning or deep learning? How is AI currently used within eye care, and how might it be used in the future? This review paper provides an overview of these concepts for eye care specialists. We explain core concepts in AI, describe how these methods have been applied in ophthalmology, and consider future directions and challenges. We walk through the steps needed to develop an AI system for eye disease, and discuss the challenges in validating and deploying such technology. We argue that among medical fields, ophthalmology may be uniquely positioned to benefit from the thoughtful deployment of AI to improve patient care.
Monotone Approximation by Quadratic Neural Network of Functions in Lp Spaces for p<1

Some researchers are interested in using the flexible and applicable properties of quadratic functions as activation functions for FNNs. We study the essential approximation rate of any Lebesgue-integrable monotone function by a neural network of quadratic activation functions. The simultaneous degree of essential approximation is also studied. Both estimates are proved to be within the second order of modulus of smoothness.
Stylet penetration activities linked to the acquisition and inoculation of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum by its vector tomato potato psyllid

The tomato potato psyllid (TPP), Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is the main vector of the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso), a major disease of solanaceous crops. Feeding of TPP is associated with Lso transmission. However, very little is known about the stylet penetration activities linked to acquisition and inoculation of Lso. The electrical penetration graph (EPG)‐DC system was used to monitor stylet penetration activities during acquisition and inoculation of Lso by individual TPP on tomato [Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae)]. Female TPP from Lso‐free and Lso‐infected colonies were used in acquisition and inoculation tests, respectively. In the acquisition tests, TPP were tested for Lso after EPG recording of their stylet penetration activities on Lso‐infected tomato shoots. In the inoculation tests, samples from the tomato plants on which the stylet penetration of Lso‐infected TPP had been recorded were tested for Lso infection. The relationships between qPCR results and the EPG waveforms (C, G, D, E1, and E2) representing the main stylet penetration activities performed by individual insects in inoculation and acquisition tests were investigated. Results confirmed that a single adult TPP is capable of infecting a plant with Lso. Our data suggest that acquisition of the bacteria occurs during phloem ingestion (E2), and inoculation is likely associated with salivation into the phloem sieve elements (E1). The durations of EPG parameters were not significantly different between Lso‐infected and Lso‐free TPP (later shown by qPCR) in acquisition tests. In inoculation tests, the durations of E1 or E2 recorded from TPP on Lso‐infected and Lso‐free plants that were later shown by qPCR were not significantly different. However, C was shorter on Lso‐infected plants than on Lso‐free plants, where TPP performed phloem activities. The minimum plant access period required for Lso transmission by a single TPP was estimated to be ca. 2 h, with an acquisition threshold of about 36 min.
The spillover effects among offshore and onshore RMB exchange rate markets, RMB Hibor market

We investigate the return and volatility spillover effects among the onshore and offshore RMB foreign exchange markets, offshore RMB money market before and after the foreign exchange rate reform on August 11, 2015. We found that “8.11” exchange reform significantly affects the interactions in CNY, CNH and CNH-Hibor three markets. The two-way CNY-to-CNH return spillovers became one-way and in the opposite direction after the reform. The Granger causality test shows price-guide impacts in pairs of CNY, CNH and CNH-Hibor were significantly different after the “8.11” reform. The pricing power of RMB spot exchange rate has been passed from onshore market to offshore market. Meanwhile, the unidirectional volatility spillover from CNH to CNY has changed to bidirectional volatility spillover between CNH and CNY markets. Meanwhile, after the “8.11” reform, the fluctuation of CNH-Hibor impacts the volatility of onshore and offshore exchange rates significantly, CNH-Hibor played a leading role in onshore-offshore foreign exchange and offshore money market interactions. These results are critical for Chinese policymakers and contribute to China’s foreign exchange rate reform.
Institutional Transformation of the Socioeconomic System Under the Impact of Digitalization Processes

The paper analyzed the processes of creating new institutions and transforming the activity of the existing institutions under the impact of digitalization in the time of economic instability and sociopolitical risks and threats. The authors consider different scientific views of public and intercountry regulation of the widespread introduction of digital technology into the global and national economies. In this context, such a matter is considered as the “trust-responsibility” combination in smart contracts and other agreements of a new type, which embrace the interaction of human and non-human subjects as an integral whole. The aim of the article is to theoretically understand the transformation processes of legal institutions from the position of qualitative analysis of the change in socioeconomic relationships, develop conclusions and recommendations for the effective use of modern methods, approaches and tools of regulation so that not only economic stability but also economic growth is ensured.
Electron localisation descriptors in ONETEP: a tool for interpreting localisation and bonding in large-scale DFT calculations

Electron localisation descriptors, such as the electron localisation function (ELF) and localised orbital locator (LOL) provide a visual tool for interpreting the results of electronic structure calculations. The descriptors produce a quantum valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) representation, indicating the localisation of electron pairs into bonding pairs and lone pairs in single molecules, coordination compounds and crystalline solids. We have implemented the ELF and LOL within ONETEP, a DFT code designed to perform calculations on systems containing thousands of atoms with plane-wave accuracy. This is possible using a linear-scaling formulation of DFT in which the Kohn–Sham orbitals are expressed in terms of a set of strictly localised non-orthogonal generalised Wannier functions (NGWFs), themselves expanded in a psinc basis set. In this paper, we describe our implementation and explore the chemical insights offered by electron localisation descriptors in ONETEP in a range of bonding and nonbonded situations.