Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiband Multimode Arched Bow-Shaped Fractal Helix Antenna

A novel circular arc fractus named Arched Bow-shaped Fractal Curve (ABFC) is originally proposed. Four ABFCs are connected end-to-end, forming so called Arched Bow-shaped Fractal Loop (ABFL). The loop antenna peculiarly presents multiband multimode characteristics with resonance compression. The normal mode, which is pertinent to the loop area and circumference, is found improved with the iterative procedure. Thus, an eight-turned wire helix of small pitch angle (α = 3◦) with a circular disc ground called Arched Bow-shaped Fractal Helix (ABFH) antenna is shaped from K2 ABFLs. It can unprecedentedly operate in multiband of axial and off-axial modes with dual-sensed circular polarizations and high gain. Four matched bands (|S11| ≤ −10 dB) are obtained within 2 GHz– 8GHz, of which f1 = 2.34GHz (400MHz, 17.09%; G = 10.63 dBi; RHCP), f2 = 4.24GHz (770 MHz, 18.16%; G = 12.43 dBi; LHCP), f3 = 5.48 GHz (300 MHz, 5.47%; G = 8.13 dBi; RHCP), and f4 = 6.98GHz (960 MHz, 13.75%; G = 15.89 dBi; RHCP). The unique multiband multimode property has been theoretically analyzed with illustrations and can be attributed to existence of the fractal boundary, which particularly encloses multiple equivalent loops with considerable areas. These peculiarities make K2 ABFH antenna a very attractive candidate for multiband circularly polarized antennas, especially for space applications, such as spacecrafts communication, remote sensing, and telemetry, where reduction of quantity, height and weight of antennas are urgently wanted. It can also be configured into large array for higher gain service like radars and radio astronomy. Received 9 May 2013, Accepted 22 June 2013, Scheduled 9 July 2013 * Corresponding author: Daotie Li (maplebirchpaeony@yahoo.com.cn).
Three-phase Matrix Converter Applied to Wind Energy Conversion System for Wind Speed Estimation

With continuous increasing concerns of the energy issues, renewable energy sources are getting much attention worldwide. This paper presents a full description of the grid-tie Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based on interfacing a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) to the utility grid by using the direct AC/AC matrix converter. Due to the random variation of wind velocities, wind speed estimation control technique is used to estimate the wind velocity and extracts the maximum power at all wind velocities. The matrix converter controls the maximum power point tracking MPPT by adjusting the PMSG terminal frequency, and hence, the shaft speed. In addition, the matrix converter controls the grid injected current to be in-phase with the grid voltage for the unity power factor. Space Vector Modulation is used to generate the PWM signals of the matrix converter switches. The MPPT algorithm is included in the speed control system of the PMSG. The system dynamic performance is investigated using Matlab/Simulink.
New 20-cm radio-continuum study of the Small Magellanic Cloud. Part I, Images

We present and discuss new high-sensitivity and resolution radiocontinuum images of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) at λ=20 cm (ν=1.4 GHz). The new images were created by merging 20-cm radio-continuum archival data, from the Australian Telescope Compact Array and the Parkes radio-telescope. Our images span from ～10"to ～150" in resolution and sensitivity of r.m.s.≥0.5 mJy/beam. These images will be used in future studies of the SMC’s intrinsic sources and its overall extended structure.
Relationship between Perceived Physical Ability and Indices of Actual Physical Fitness

Ryckman, Robbins, Thornton, and Cantrell(1982) recently reported on the construction of a generalized Physical Self-Efficacy (PSE) Scale consisting of two differentially meaningful components, perceived physical ability (PPA) and physical self-presentation confidence (PSPC). The PPA subscale appraises individuals' perceptions of their physical abilities (e.g., strength, endurance, and agility), while the PSPC subscale measures their confidence as reflected by their physical demeanor in the presence of evaluative others. Ryclanan et al. (1982) reported that individuals' beliefs about their own physical competence, and their confidence in performing physical tasks in the presence of others, were related positively to feelings of self-esteem. Research in corroboration with the relation between a perceived abilities component and self-esteem has been provided by many sport psychologists utilizing populations that differ in age, gender, and educational level (e.g., Fox, Corbin, & Couldry, 1985; Heaps, 1978; Sonstroem, 1976, 1978; Young, 1985). While both PPA and PSPC were related positively to self-esteem in the Ryckman et al. research, PPA and PSPC were found to have differential predictive power in situations involving sports and the use of physical skills. Specifically, PPA scores predicted not only subjects' expectancies for success but also their actual performance on tasks involving physical skills. The PSPC factor, by contrast, was unable to predict these physical task outcomes as well. Ryclanan et al. (1982) also provided evidence that the PPA scale was a more potent predictor than the PSPC scale of the amount and level of subjects' sports participation. High PPA individuals reported participating in more sports activities and at higher levels of involvement (e.g., varsity vs. intramural participation) than low PPA individuals. PSPC scores were unrelated to these sports participation indices. Subsequent research by Ryckman, Robbins, Thornton, and Kaczor (1983) indicated further that, for both men and women, PPA was related
The optimal ination rate revisited

We challenge the widely held belief that New-Keynesian models cannot predict optimal positive ination rates. In fact these are justi ed by the Phelps argument that monetary nancing can alleviate the burden of distortionary taxation. We obtain this result because, in contrast with previous contributions, our model accounts for the distortionary effects of public transfers and for consumption scale e¤ects in the monetary transactions technology. We also contradict the view that the Ramsey policy should minimize ination volatility and induce near-random walk dynamics of public debt in the long-run. In our model it should instead The authors are grateful to Fabio Canova, Martin Ellison, Jordi Galì, Luca Onorante, Frank Smets and seminar participants at EC2 2011 Conference (EUI), National Bank of Poland, Universities of Milan Bicocca and Crete for useful comments on earlier drafts. The authors also acknowledge nancial support by MIUR (PRIN).
Exploring the Role of Privacy in Programs on Initial Online Trust Formation

Little research has been done on the complex relations between different actors in the development of Internet consumer’s initial trust toward an unknown Web site. With social network analysis, we have built a conceptual model and developed research hypotheses based on the theory of strength of weak ties. Empirical study is outlined and potential problems are described.
Molecular characterisation of Bulinus snails – intermediate hosts of schistosomes in Ogun State, South-western Nigeria

Freshwater snails of the genus Bulinus O. F. Muller, 1781 are intermediate hosts for schistosomes, trematode parasites which cause schistosomiasis. The genus includes closely related species complexes with restricted gene flow between populations of each taxon. Despite their importance as intermediate hosts, unambiguous identification of these snails remains challenging. We applied molecular approach to their identification to achieve a better understanding of the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in an endemic region, south-western Nigeria. A total of 149 snails were collected and their genomic DNA was screened for schistosome infection using PCR amplification of schistosome DraI repeat sequence. The snails were identified by PCR-RFLP and/or sequencing of an amplicon of their entire ITS region including the 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Four Bulinus species, namely B. globosus (Morelet, 1866), B. forskalii (Ehrenberg, 1831), B. camerunensis Mandahl-Barth, 1957 and B. senegalensis O. F. Muller, 1781 were identified, and 34.9% (n = 52) of the 149 snails were infected: B. globosus 25.5% (n = 38), B. forskalii 5.4% (n = 8), B. camerunensis 2.7% (n = 4) and B. senegalensis 1.3% (n = 2). Restriction fragment profiles of the ribosomal ITS region for B. globosus closely matched those obtained in our previous study thus confirming the view that ribosomal ITS region of these snails could be well suited for taxonomic studies. The use of sequencing for species identification was costly and time-consuming, but it was effective in resolving true identities of snails whose restriction profiles were similar and inconclusive. key wOrds: species identification, Bulinus, ITS, rRNA gene, schistosome, schistosomiasis, Nigeria
Measuring Integration of Disabled Persons: Evidence from Canada’s Time Use Databases

Disability is defined in terms of activity limitation. We propose using daily time use data as a macro indicator of the degree of integration of people with disabilities into the wider society. If activity patterns of disabled persons are becoming more similar to those of the general population, this indicates a reduction in activity limitation and suggests opportunity and social integration are increasing. Decreasing similarity of activity patterns would indicate a failure of policies promoting integration. Data on daily activities were drawn from Statistics Canada General Social Survey files for the cycles focusing on time use for 1992 and 2010. Canada-wide there has been a convergence of the activities of disabled and non-disabled persons of about 13 percent over the period examined. Convergence has been slightly greater for disabled women than men. The major source of convergence for disabled women has been a very large increase in paid work time as compared with disabled men. Our results are consistent with the proposition that public policy on disability is succeeding, but the attribution of activity convergence to policy and program interventions would require a great deal of additional research.
OWNERSHIP, BOARD STRUCTURE, AND CORPORATE PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE OF FRENCH VC-BACKED FIRMS

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of ownership structure and board structure on performance in VC-backed firms. Using 106 French VC-backed firms, our methodology in this paper is to estimate four equations. A regression analysis is then used to study the impact of ownership structure and board structure on performance and also to analyze whether ownership structure (ownership concentration, director ownership, venture capital ownership and employee ownership) and board variables (size, outside directors, COE-chairman duality, proportion of VC directors, proportion of employee directors and board meeting frequency) are significant determinants of VC-backed firm performance. Results indicate a strong positive relation between ownership concentration and performance and between director ownership and performance measured by ROE. And strong negative relation between ownership concentration and performance and between director ownership and performance measured by ROA. No strong relation was found between venture-capital ownership, employee ownership and firm performance. Results show also a strong negative relation between board size and performance measured by ROE and positive relation between board size and performance measured by ROA, Tobin’s Q and MVA. The proportion of independent outside directors on the board was positively associated with ROE and negatively associated with ROA. The presence of a dual leadership structure is negatively associated with ROE and positively associated with ROA. No strong relation was found between the proportion of venture-capital in board, the presence of employee in board, or board meeting frequency and firm performance.
Behaviour Management in Schools

• Several evidence-based models for skills training are available. These include the Good Behaviour Game, Child Development Project, and Positive Behavioural Interventions and Support (PBIS). • In New Zealand, the main behavioural programme is known as Positive Behaviour for Learning (PB4L – this is based on PBIS). There is scope to extend this programme to more schools, and doing so would likely create benefits for the Justice sector by reducing crime and victimisation.
Kavram Odaklı Okuma Öğretiminin İlkokul Dördüncü Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Okuma Motivasyonuna ve Okuduklarını Anlamaya Etkisi

In this study, semi-experimental design was used in order to determine the effect of conceptoriented reading instruction on reading motivation and meanings of primary school students in Turkish lesson. Research took place in an elementary school in Burdur, Turkey, during 2014-2015 first term. The study’s participants were fourth-grade students from 2 classrooms. Measures of reading motivation and reading comprehension tests were given before and immediately after the 12 week intervention to children in CORI. Quasi-Exprimental design was implemented to investigate the effects of concept oriented reading instruction. In experimental CORI class instruction was given by the researcher. Besides, classroom teacher maintained the traditional instruction in control group. To define demographic features of the participants, personal information form was used. According to impact analysis, pre-test results of reading motivation scale points didn’t show a significant difference in both two groups (intergroup comparison), but according to post-test results of reading motivation scale, points were increased significantly in experimental group. Reading comprehension achievement points of participants achieved from pre and post tests compared based on two groups. In terms of this comparison, there was no significant difference between experimental group and control group in pre-test points however experimental group points were significantly higher than the control group in post-test results.
FACILE SYNTHESIS AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PbO NANOSTRUCTURES

 PbO nanostructures were synthesized by the oxidation of lead sheets in a tube furnace under oxygen ambient using different temperatures, from 280 °C to 450 °C. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) indicated the formation of α-PbO nanostructures from the lead sheet with an increase in the temperature. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that flake-like shapes were starting to grow on the lead sheet that was placed in the 280 °C. In addition, the SEM studies showed nanoflake and nanoporous morphologies for the lead sheets that were placed at 330 °C and 450 °C, respectively. Raman measurements confirmed the XRD results and indicated two Raman active modes that belonged to the α-PbO phase for the nanoflakes and the nanoporous surface. The optical properties of the products were characterized using a photoluminescence (PL) technique. The PL results for the PbO nanoflakes and nanopores showed a peak in the visi-
A Study of Dim Object Detection for the Space Surveillance Telescope

Abstract : Current methods of dim object detection for space surveillance make use of a Gaussian log-likelihood-ratio-test-based detector that only considers the probability that a single point in an image resulted from the propagation of a point source through space. This paper proposes the application of a correlating Gaussian log-likelihood-ratio-test-based detector, which makes use of all the pixels in the window, to the arena of dim object detection. The requirements for comparing these detectors using the same threshold of detection are established. The performance of the detectors is compared using images taken by the Space Surveillance Telescope in New Mexico of a geostationary satellite as it goes into and out of eclipse during the vernal equinox March 13-15, 2012. The correlator is determined to offer superior performance based on a comparison of the relative probability of both algorithms to detect objects near the threshold of detection, among other metrics. The additional computational cost of implementation of the correlating detector is analyzed and determined.
The genealogy of branching Brownian motion with absorption

We consider a system of particles which perform branching Brownian motion with negative drift and are killed upon reaching zero, in the near-critical regime where the total population stays roughly constant with approximately N particles. We show that the characteristic time scale for the evolution of this population is of order (logN) 3 , in the sense that when time is measured in these units, the scaled number of particles converges to a variant of Neveu’s continuous-state branching process. Furthermore, the genealogy of the particles is then governed by a coalescent process known as the Bolthausen-Sznitman coalescent. This validates the non-rigorous predictions by Brunet, Derrida, Muller, and Munier for a closely related model.
Emission measurements of biogenic volatile organic compounds in multiple scales

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are reactive trace gases abundant in the atmosphere. As strongly reactive constituents they have many impacts on the atmospheric chemistry. To properly understand the processes involved in VOC cycles within the biosphere and atmosphere, we must have comprehensive knowledge on the biogenic and anthropogenic emissions and atmospheric concentrations. In this thesis, the emissions of VOCs were measured in many scales from various Fennoscandian ecosystems, utilizing several methods. First, enclosure method was applied to study the branch scale VOC emission from mountain birch. The measurements were conducted during two successive growing seasons. Significant emissions of sesquiterpenes were observed in the first year but not in the second one. Second, relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) method was used to study the ecosystem scale emissions of light hydrocarbons from a wetland. In addition to methane, the only significant emission was that of isoprene. Isoprene emission potential was found to be about 680 μg m -2 h -1 . The REA method was further developed by studying the possible stability dependency of the method. Another ecosystem scale flux measurement method, disjunct eddy accumulation (DEA), was applied to study monoterpene emissions from a timber felling area. The emissions of monoterpenes were very high for a few months after felling, peaking at 5200 μg m −2 h −1 . Despite of the short period those emissions seem to be of great importance for the atmospheric VOC burden. Third, profiles of boundary layer concentrations of some biogenic and anthropogenic VOCs were measured using a hot air balloon as a platform. Landscape scale emissions were inferred using the concentration data. Overall, our understanding of the previously poorly known VOC emissions from some Fennoscandian ecosystems was increased. This study highlights the importance to quantify emission hotspots of even marginal ecosystems to get comprehensive understanding for emission inventories and future predictions. The correct choice of measuring methods and experiment setup is essential for reliable field data.
In vitro regeneration of Turkish dwarf chickling (Lathyrus cicera L) using immature zygotic embryo explant

Dwarf chickling (Lathyrus cicera L) is an important forage legume crop. However, due to the presence of neurotoxin amino acid (b-N-oxalyl-L-a,b-diaminopropionic acid) in the dwarf chickling, its cultivation is limited. There is need to carry out studies for the development of varieties with reduced or none of this neurotoxin for beneficial and prolong consumption by animals. The study reports tissue culture approaches for multiplication of the plant using thidiazuron (TDZ), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and �naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) from immature zygotic embryos of the plant. The highest number (16.25) of shoots per explant was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 0.45 mg/l TDZ and 0.4 mg/l ascorbic acid. Much reduced shoot regeneration was recorded on MS medium containing different combinations BAP+NAA+ascorbic acid. The TDZ-regenerated shoots were rooted by pulse treatment with 50 mg/l IBA for 7 min. The plantlets were successfully acclimatized under the greenhouse conditions.
Dynamic Linkages among European Carbon Markets: Insights on price transmission

In this paper, we examine interactions among European carbon markets. We test for cointegration between carbon allowance prices from European Climate Exchange (ECX), Nord Pool, Powernext, European Energy Exchange (EEX), Energy Exchange Austria (EEA) and Climex and also, conduct causality tests to exa mine spillover dynamics. Our findings indicate that the markets exhibited a reasonable de gree of efficiency in both long and shortrun.
Molecular characterization and expression analysis of gonadotrophic α-subunit hormone in rohu (Labeo rohita)

Reproduction in fish is controlled by two pituitary gonadotropin hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Rohu (Labeo rohita) is a commercially important seasonal breeder freshwater fish species, but the information regarding molecular regulation of reproduction in this important carp species is very scanty. In the present study we identified, cloned and characterized gonadotropin α-subunit (GTHα) full-length cDNA by RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends), and analyzed their basal expressions in different tissues by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. Full-length rohu GTHα cDNA encodes 118 amino acids and in the adult fish, they were widely expressed in pituitary, brain, gonads, muscle, liver, intestine, gill, kidney, eye and heart.
Development of sea ice microbial communities during autumn ice formation in the Ross Sea

Sea ice communities were sampled across the Ross Sea in the austral autumn. The biota in first-year pack ice was assessed by measuring chlorophyll a (chl a), phaeopigments, total particu- late carbon and nitrogen (POC and PON, respectively) and collecting samples for identification by microscopy. Physical and chemical parameters were also measured to characterize the environ- ment. Chl a concentrations in ice ranged from 0 to 96.9 µg l -1 in discrete samples and from 0.02 to 20.9 mg m -2 for values integrated throughout floes. Maximum values were similar to those observed in first-year pack ice at other Antarctic locations. Chl a concentrations varied with ice structure and with latitude. POC:chl a and C:N ratios (molar) were high, possibly indicating detritus accumulations. The higher chl a levels north of approximately 72° S were apparently a result of ice forming in the south early in the season with subsequent advection to the north. These dynamics would result in older ice in the mid- or northern pack ice zone that was maintained in a favorable light and temper- ature regime during the seasonal progression of formation and drift. Chlorophyll levels were low in surface-layer communities. High chlorophyll concentrations were associated with internal communi- ties. Bottom-layer algal populations, while present, did not reach the levels of high biomass reported for autumn blooms in some land-fast ice regions. Apparent nutrient and CO2 depletion were corre- lated with biomass parameters but accounted qualitatively for only a fraction of the biomass accumu- lation measured. Overall, autumn ice-associated production in the Ross Sea may be lower than expected because of the ice drift dynamics, apparently low production in the near-surface layers of first year ice flows, and the absence of rich bottom-layer assemblages.