Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Homeostatic Conditions T Cells under + Proliferation of CD8 PSGL-1 Regulates the Migration and

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), a heavily glycosylated sialomucin expressed on most leukocytes, has dual function as a selectin ligand for leukocyte rolling onvascular selectins expressed in inﬂammation and as a facilitator of resting T cell homing into lymphoid organs. In this article, we document disturbances in T cell homeostasis present in PSGL-1 null mice. Naive CD4 + and CD8 + T cell frequencies were profoundly reduced in blood, whereas T cell numbers in lymph nodes and spleen were at or near normal levels. Although PSGL-1 null T cells were less efﬁcient at entering lymph nodes, they also remained in lymph nodes longer than PSGL-1 +/+ T cells, suggesting that PSGL-1 supports T cell egress. In addition, PSGL-1 null CD8 + T cell proliferation was observed under steady-state conditions and PSGL-1 null CD8 + T cells were found to be hyperresponsive to homeostatic cytokines IL-2, IL-4, and IL-15. Despite these disturbances in T cell homeostasis, PSGL-1 null mice exhibited a normal acute response (day 8) to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection but generated an increased frequency of memory T cells (day 40). Our observations demonstrate a novel pleiotropic inﬂuence of PSGL-1 deﬁciency on several aspects of T cell homeostasis that would not have been anticipated based on the mild phenotype of PSGL-1 null mice. These potentially offsetting effects presumably account for the near-normal cellularity seen in lymph nodes of PSGL-1 null mice. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 188: 000–000. P-selectin glycoprotein (PSGL-1) is required P- selectin-mediated but not E-selectin-mediated and
The Ratio of Blue to Red Supergiants in Sextans A from Hubble Space Telescope Imaging

We have examined the ratio of blue to red supergiants (B/R) in the dwarf irregular galaxy Sextans A. The supergiants were identified in previously published stellar photometry measured from Hubble Space Telescope imaging. The high-resolution imaging and low-dust environment provided high photometric accuracy such that the main sequence and blue helium-burning supergiants are clearly separated. This allows us to isolate the He-burning phase at both the red and blue ends of the so-called blue loops. The supergiant B/R provides an observational constraint on the relative lifetimes of these two phases that is a sensitive test for convection, mass-loss, and rotation parameters. These parameters have direct implications for the period-luminosity relationship for Cepheid variable stars. Previous studies have used a single number to represent this ratio. However, since the B/R is a fairly strong function of mass for a single-age stellar population, both changes in recent star formation rate and choice of luminosity cutoff can dramatically affect the result. We have analyzed the ratio as a function of age, or, equivalently, mass. This method eliminates the confusion of unknown star formation histories so that the B/R can be a more reliable diagnostic tool. We compare the result with a model based on stellar evolution tracks of an appropriate metallicity. The functional form of the observed ratio matches the model extremely well. However, the observed B/R is lower than the model by a factor of 2. This result suggests that stellar rotation is an important effect in the evolution of these stars.
Simulation of Bullwhip Effect in a Supply Chain for Lean Learning Factory Purposes

A mission of the Learning Factory (LF) is a development of practice-based engineering curriculum through the simulation of a real factory by specialized equipment. In this paper, supply chain network simulator is developed, as a replacement for the traditional board Beer Game. The board Beer Game could be misused by participants in order to avoid significant bullwhip effect, which occurrence is the Beer Game main aim. The disadvantage of the board Beer Game, that participants have insight in inventory levels and placed orders and thus strategically act upon their knowledge or even activate a sort of decentralized information sharing policy, is avoided. Further considerations prove the mandatory occurrence of bullwhip effect without decentralized information sharing policy on three case studies. Optimal mathematical model for placing orders within supply chain was defined according to multi-criteria optimization process using spreadsheet simulation. As even optimal model results with the bullwhip effect, newly developed system will always lead to the tremendous bullwhip effect during the learning process.
Congestion Control of a Single Router With an Active Queue Management

Several works have shown the link between congestion control in communication networks and feedback control system. This paper is an extended version of [1] and proposes the design of an Active Queue Management (AQM) that ensures the congestion control stability. To this end, tools from control theory, and especially in a time delay systems framework, are considered. We aim at stabilizing the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) as well as the queue length of the congested router. Furthermore, the control mechanism is then completed to deal with the stability issue under some non-responsive crossing trafﬁc modeled as perturbation. Finally, a numerical example and simulations via the Network Simulator NS support our study.
O 2 -induced ENaC expression is associated with NF- (cid:107) B activation and blocked by superoxide scavenger

O 2 -induced ENaC expression is associated with NF- (cid:107) B activation and blocked by superoxide scavenger. rat fetal distal lung epithelial cells (FDLEs), when switched from fetal (3%) to postnatal (21%) O 2 concen- trations, have increased epithelial Na (cid:49) channel (ENaC) levels and amiloride-sensitive Na The mechanisms by which O 2 mediates these effects are unknown. After isolation, FDLEs were kept at 3% O 2 overnight, then switched to 21% O 2 (3–21% O 2 group) or maintained at 3% O 2 (3–3% O 2 group) for 48 h. The amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current ( I sc ) in the 3–21% O 2 group was double that in the 3–3% O 2 group. Amiloride-sensitive I sc could not be induced by medium conditioned by 21% O 2 - exposed FDLEs but was reversed by returning the cells to 3% O 2 . Neither the cyclooxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen, liposome- encapsulated catalase, nor hydroperoxide scavengers (U-74389G or Trolox) blocked the O 2 -induced amiloride-sensitive I sc . In contrast, the cell-permeable superoxide scavenger tetramethylpiperidine- N -oxyl (TEMPO) eliminated the O 2 induced increases in amiloride-sensitive I sc and ENaC mRNA levels. The switch from 3 to 21% O 2 induced the transcription factor nuclear factor- (cid:107) B, which could also be blocked by TEMPO. We conclude that 1 ) the O 2 -induced increase in amiloride-sensitive I sc is reversible and 2 ) the O 2 -induced increase in amiloride-sensitive I sc and ENaC mRNA levels is associated with activation of nuclear factor- (cid:107) B and may be mediated, at least in part, by superoxide. examine signiﬁcant differences and vs. 21% O 2 -untreated groups (received we studied two to four Snapwell ﬁlters mounted in our Ussing chambers, and the results so that monolayers from a single primary culture of FDLEs.
Effects of three modes of physical activity on physical fitness and hematological parameters in older people with sarcopenic obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of three modes of physical activity (PA) (aerobic training [AT], resistance training [RT], and aerobic combined with resistance training [MT]) on body composition (body weight [BW], body mass index [BMI] and percentage of body fat [BF%]), muscle mass (skeletal muscle mass [SM], appendicular skeletal muscle mass [ASM] and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index [ASMI]), muscle strength (handgrip strength [HG] and knee extension strength [KES]), physical performance (gait speed [GS]) and hematological parameters (inflammatory markers, insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1] and lipid profiles) in older people with sarcopenic obesity (SO). Methods: We searched all studies for PA effects in older people with SO from six databases published from January 2010 to November 2021. Two researchers independently screened studies, extracted data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and assessed the quality of included studies. Pooled analyses for pre-and post- outcome measures were performed by Review Manager 5.4. We calculated a meta-analysis with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and the standardized mean differences (SMD). Results: 12 studies were analyzed. There were 614 older people (84.9% female) with SO, aged 58.4 to 88.4 years. Compared with a no-PA control group, AT decreased BW (SMD = −0.64, 95% CI: −1.13 to −0.16, p = 0.009, I 2 = 0%) and BMI (SMD = −0.69, 95% CI: −1.18 to −0.21, p = 0.005, I 2 = 0%); RT improved BF% (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI: −0.63 to −0.22, p < 0.0001, I 2 = 38%), ASMI (SMD = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.24 to 1.21, p = 0.004, I 2 = 0%), ASM (SMD = −0.94, 95% CI: −1.46 to −0.42, p = 0.0004), HG (SMD = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.22 to 1.91, p = 0.01, I 2 = 90%) and KES (SMD = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.39, p < 0.00001, I 2 = 14%); MT improved BMI (SMD = −0.77, 95% CI: −1.26 to −0.28, p = 0.002, I 2 = 0%), BF% (SMD = −0.54, 95% CI: −0.83 to −0.25, p = 0.0003, I 2 = 0%), ASMI (SMD = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.22 to 1.19, p = 0.005, I 2 = 0%) and GS (SMD = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.23 to 1.18, p = 0.004, I 2 = 37%). PA increased IGF-1 (SMD = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.66, p = 0.006, I 2 = 0%), but had no effect on inflammatory markers and lipid profiles. Conclusion: PA is an effective treatment to improve body composition, muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, and IGF-1 in older people with SO.
Mechanical interaction of the egg parasitoid Anastatus bifasciatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) with artificial substrates and its host egg

Egg parasitoids play an important role in biological control of pest species attacking and killing their hosts at an early stage of their development. During the antagonistic coevolution with their hosts, egg parasitoids have developed a great ability to locate their host using chemical cues. A considerable amount of literature is available on this topic, while nothing is known about a possible adaptation of egg parasitoids to topography and mechanical properties of egg surface features and its shape when attaching to the host egg for oviposition. In the present investigation, the attachment ability of adults of both sexes of the egg parasitoid Anastatus bifasciatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) to artificial (polishing paper, flat glass, glass beads as dummies of the host egg) and natural surfaces (eggs of Halyomorpha halys and Nezara viridula, both Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), with different roughness and wettability, was measured using centrifugal force tester and traction force experiments. The parasitoid attachment devices and the egg surfaces were examined under cryo scanning electron microscope, wettability and roughness of natural and artificial substrates were characterised. We detected differences in the attachment devices and attachment ability of the two sexes. The collected data revealed a special ability of the female to attach to the eggs of the host species, thus suggesting an adaptation of the A. bifasciatus female to the surface features of the eggs during oviposition.
Foam stability of temperature-resistant hydrophobic silica particles in porous media

The world is rich in heavy oil resources, however, the recovery difficulty and cost are both higher than that of conventional crude oil. To date, the most common method of recovering heavy oil is steam flooding. However, once the steam breaks through the geological formation, gas channeling readily occurs, which leads to a rapid decrease of the steam drive efficiency. To improve the swept volume of steam in the geological formation, a series of hydrophobic silica particles for stabilizing foam was synthesized. This kind of particles used hydrophilic nano silica particles as reactant. Hydrophobic groups with cationic long carbon chains were grafted onto the surface of hydrophilic silica particles by synthetic silane quaternary ammonium salt. When the quantity of silane quaternary ammonium salt used in the modification reaction is different, the product had various degrees of wettability. The hydrophobic particles with the contact angle closest to 90° had the best foam stabilization effect on the betaine zwitterionic surfactant LAB. For LAB solution with mass fraction of 0.3%, the half-life of foam was extended into 160% when the mass fraction of particles was 0.5%. The higher the gas-liquid ratio, the better the plugging effect of foam agent with hydrophobic particles presented in porous media. The adsorption test of hydrophobic particles indicated that hydrophobic particles improved the stability of foam liquid membrane by improving the adsorption capacity of surfactant molecules. The thermal stability of hydrophobic silica particles exceeded 200°C, and the good foam stability made it a potential additive for foam oil displacement in high-temperature geological formation.
Small molecule modulation of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel suppresses salicylate-induced tinnitus in mice

Tinnitus is the phantom perception of sound that has no external source. A neurological signature of tinnitus, and the frequently associated hyperacusis, is an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the central auditory system (CAS), leading to dysregulated network excitability. The large conductance, calcium-activated potassium (BK) channel is a key player in pre- and post-synaptic excitability through its mediation of K+ currents. Changes in BK channel activity are associated with aberrant network activity in sensory regions of the CNS, raising the possibility that BK channel modulation could regulate activity associated with tinnitus and hyperacusis. To test whether BK channel openers are able to suppress biomarkers of drug-induced tinnitus and hyperacusis, the 1,3,4 oxadiazole BMS-191011 was given to young adult CBA mice that had been administered 250 mg/kg sodium salicylate (SS). Systemic treatment with BMS-191011 reduced behavioral manifestations of SS-induced tinnitus, but not hyperacusis, probed via the gap-in-noise startle response method. Systemic BMS-191011 treatment did not influence SS-induced increases in auditory brainstem response functions, but local application at the inferior colliculus did reverse SS-suppressed spontaneous activity, particularly in the frequency region of the tinnitus percept. Thus, action of BMS-191011 in the inferior colliculus may contribute to the reduction in behaviorally measured tinnitus. Together, these findings support the utility of BK channel openers in reducing central auditory processing changes associated with the formation of the tinnitus percept.
A new classification network for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease in class-imbalance MRI datasets

Automatic identification of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data can effectively assist to doctors diagnose and treat Alzheimer's. Current methods improve the accuracy of AD recognition, but they are insufficient to address the challenge of small interclass and large intraclass differences. Some studies attempt to embed patch-level structure in neural networks which enhance pathologic details, but the enormous size and time complexity render these methods unfavorable. Furthermore, several self-attention mechanisms fail to provide contextual information to represent discriminative regions, which limits the performance of these classifiers. In addition, the current loss function is adversely affected by outliers of class imbalance and may fall into local optimal values. Therefore, we propose a 3D Residual RepVGG Attention network (ResRepANet) stacked with several lightweight blocks to identify the MRI of brain disease, which can also trade off accuracy and flexibility. Specifically, we propose a Non-local Context Spatial Attention block (NCSA) and embed it in our proposed ResRepANet, which aggregates global contextual information in spatial features to improve semantic relevance in discriminative regions. In addition, in order to reduce the influence of outliers, we propose a Gradient Density Multiple-weighting Mechanism (GDMM) to automatically adjust the weights of each MRI image via a normalizing gradient norm. Experiments are conducted on datasets from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Aging (AIBL). Experiments on both datasets show that the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under the Curve are consistently better than for state-of-the-art methods.
The etiology and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes – A personal, non-systematic review of possible causes, and interventions

In this review after a lifelong research career, my personal opinion on the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) from its very start to clinical manifestation will be described. T1D is a disease of an increased intestinal permeability and a reduced pancreas volume. I am convinced that virus might be the initiator and that this virus could persist on strategically significant locations. Furthermore, intake of gluten is important both in foetal life and at later ages. Disturbances in sphingolipid metabolism may also be of crucial importance. During certain stages of T1D, T cells take over resulting in the ultimate destruction of beta cells, which manifests T1D as an autoimmune disease. Several preventive and early treatment strategies are mentioned. All together this review has more new theories than usually, and it might also be more speculative than ordinarily. But without new ideas and theories advancement is difficult, even though everything might not hold true during the continuous discovery of the etiology and pathogenesis of T1D.
A review of the idiodynamic method as an emerging research method for the investigation of affective variables in second language acquisition

Recent years have witnessed the influence of the complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) in the field of second language acquisition (SLA). Thus, new research methods have also been introduced to meet the requirements of investigating the dynamic nature of learner-related factors including L2 affective variables. Among the innovative quantitative research methods which is compatible with the CDST is the idiodynamic method, the application of which is on the rise in SLA research. In this paper, an overall introduction to the idiodynamic method is presented first, followed by a review of the existing literature in SLA studies. Then, it is discussed why this innovative research method is suitable to investigate the dynamic nature of L2 learners’ affective variables in the complex network of classroom learning. Also, several relevant research questions that can potentially be formulated and answered using the idiodynamic method are discussed. The paper ends with conclusive remarks on the need for more extensive use of innovative CDST-compatible research methods such as the idiodynamic method in the prospective SLA line of inquiry.
Genome-wide identification of the jumonji C domain- containing histone demethylase gene family in wheat and their expression analysis under drought stress

Methylation and demethylation of histone play a crucial role in regulating chromatin formation and gene expression. The jumonji C (JmjC) domain-containing proteins are demethylases that are involved in regulating epigenetic modification in plants. In our study, the JmjC genes in Triticum aestivum L. , Triticum turgidum L. , Triticum dicoccoides L. , Triticum urartu L. , and Aegilops tauschii L. were identified. Phylogenetic relationship and colinearity analysis revealed that the wheat JmjC genes were conserved in A, B, and D subgenomes during evolution. Cis-acting elements analysis showed that elements related to stress response, hormone response, and light response were found in wheat JmjC genes. The expression of JmjC genes was affected by tissue types and developmental stages, and members of the same subfamily tended to have similar expression patterns in wheat. They also showed a unique expression pattern in root during PEG (Polyethylene glycol) treatment. In conclusion, comprehensive analysis indicated that three members (Tr-1A-JMJ2, Tr-1B-JMJ2, and Tr-1D-JMJ2) might be regulated by several hormones and function in the early stages of drought stress, while eight members (Tr-1B-JMJ3, Tr-4B-JMJ1, Tr-7A-JMJ1, etc.) displayed a significantly high expression after 24 h of PEG treatment, indicating a role in the later stages of drought stress. This research presents the first genome-wide study of the JmjC family in wheat, and lays the foundation for promoting the study of their functional characterization in wheat drought resistance.
Trajectories of physical functioning and its predictors in older adults: A 16-year longitudinal study in China

Objective Maintaining and delaying a decline in physical function in older adults is critical for healthy aging. This study aimed to explore trajectories, critical points of the trajectory changes, and predictors among older people in the Chinese community. Design This study was one with a longitudinal design performed in China. Setting and participants The target population was community-dwelling older adults aged over 65 years. A total of 2,503 older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included in this study. Methods Physical functioning was measured by instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Population-based trajectory models were used to identify potential heterogeneity in longitudinal changes over 12 years and to investigate associations between baseline predictors and different trajectories for different cohort members using LASSO regression and logistic regression. Results Four trajectories of physical function were identified: slow decline (33.0%), poor function and moderate decline (8.1%), rapid decline (23.5%), and stable function (35.4%). Older age, male sex, worse self-reported health status, worse vision status, more chronic diseases, worse cognitive function, and a decreased frequency of leisure activity influenced changes in the trajectory of physical function. Having fewer teeth, stronger depressive symptoms, a lack of exercise, and reduced hearing may increase the rate of decline. Conclusion and implications Four trajectories of physical function were identified in the Chinese elderly population. Early prevention or intervention of the determinants of these trajectories can maintain or delay the rate of decline in physical function and improve healthy aging.