Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Brain tumor resection in children: Neurointensive care unit course and resource utilization*

Objective: To describe the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) course and resource utilization for children with brain tumor resection and to identify factors predicting prolonged (>1 day) PICU length of stay. After craniotomy for brain tumor resection, children recover in the PICU. A few require critical care interventions and a >24-hr length of stay. Design: We reviewed all brain tumor resection patients admitted to the PICU over 2 yrs. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables and tumor characteristics were examined. The extracted variables were compared between two groups with a length of stay in the PICU of >1 or <1 day. Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit in a tertiary academic children's medical center. Patients: A total of 105 patients post brain tumor resection were admitted to the PICU over the study period and analyzed. Interventions: Record review. Measurements and Main Results: Thirty-two (31%) of 105 patients remained in the PICU for >1 day. The mean age of patients in the >1 day group was 5.0 ± 0.81 yrs and 8.78 ± 0.65 yrs in the <1 day group (p < .05). The estimated blood loss was 20 ± 2.37 mL/kg in the >1 day and 9 ± 0.92 mL/kg in the <1 day group (p < .05). Fifteen (14.3%) patients were mechanically ventilated on arrival in the PICU; these patients more often had a length of stay of >1 day (p < .05). The number of unexpected intensive care unit interventions were 0.7 per patient, were more common in the >1 day group, and included treatment of sodium abnormalities, new neurologic deficits, paresis, or seizures (p < .05). In a logistic regression model, estimated blood loss and intubation on arrival predicted longer lengths of stay in the PICU (odds ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.05−1.18; and odds ratio, 33; 95% confidence interval, 2.57−333, respectively), with a receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86 and 95% confidence interval, 0.78−0.94. Conclusions: Large intraoperative estimated blood loss and intubation on arrival may be predictive of PICU lengths of stay of >1 day for children who have had a craniotomy for brain tumor resection. Intensive care unit interventions are more common in these children.
Predictors of depression outcomes in medical inpatients with chronic pulmonary disease.

OBJECTIVE Baseline patient characteristics and depression treatments were examined as predictors of speed of depression remission in hospitalized medical patients with chronic pulmonary disease (CPD). METHODS Consecutively admitted patients over age 50 years with CPD were screened for major and minor depression using the Structured Clinical Interview for Depression. Patients with minor depression were followed up over 12-24 weeks with the Longitudinal Interview Follow-up Evaluation. Course of depression and predictors of remission were examined. RESULTS Seven hundred eleven depressed patients with CPD (410 with minor, 301 with major depression) were identified and assessed over time. Two-thirds with minor depression had remitted by 12 weeks compared with 26.9% with major depression at 12 weeks and 49.2% at 24 weeks. Predictors of faster remission for minor depression were black race, community hospital admission, less severe depression, less medical comorbidity, less severe CPD, more social support, and no antidepressant treatment. For major depression, less severe depression, no past antidepressant drug treatment, and less intense current antidepressant treatment predicted faster remission. CONCLUSIONS The course of depressive disorder after discharge in patients hospitalized with CPD can be predicted by characteristics during admission. Although patients with minor depression may be followed and treatment initiated only if depression persists, those with major depression need more aggressive treatment and psychiatric consultation if improvement does not occur.
Probability models of the rate of infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus in Ixodes persulcatus ticks.

A total of 3,254 adults of Ixodes persulcatus tick were collected in a taiga forest habitat situated in the Amgun river basin (Khabarovsk region, the Far East, USSR) and examined individually for the presence and amount of tick-borne encephalitis virus. The over-all proportion of infected ticks was 6.6% and it varied between 3.4% and 9.4% in the years 1982 to 1985. The amount of virus per tick was approximated by the gamma distribution determining a probability that the number of plaque-forming units (PFU) per tick is not greater than a selected value. The frequency distribution of infected ticks followed a model of the negative binomial distribution, enabling the estimation of probability of the occurrence of a given number of infected ticks in the area. However, the parameters of both probability models (i.e., the PFU content per tick, and the frequency of infected ticks) varied for particular years.
Outsourcing : Conceptualizing Practice in the Public and Private Sector OSTOI 02

This paper employs four conceptual frameworks t assess IT outsourcing arrangements, i.e. co competencies, agency theory, transaction co economics and partnerships. The frameworks a related to an empirical comparison of the public an private sectors within the United Kingdom, utilizing data from thirteen interviews conducted with IT managers from both sectors. The study suggest th each theoretical approach has its own relative mer in helping organizations to understand strategi practice, particularly in consideration of some aspec not usually addressed in outsourcing studie Conclusions are drawn to determine the wider benefi of the frameworks’ towards more successful IT outsourcing decision making.
Potential of lemongrass leaves extract (Cymbopogon citratus) as prevention for oil oxidation

Cymbopogon citratus is a plant commonly used as a spice by the people in Indonesia. Utilization is limited to the stalks lemongrass only, while the leaves are still become waste. This research aims to study the potential of lemongrass leaves extract for the prevention of oil oxidation. Extraction wasused by maceration method on lemongrass leaves using ethanol 30, 70 and 96% and qualitative test of phytochemical components, determination of total phenolics and antioxidant activity on extracts of lemongrass leaves. Phytochemicals analysis results showed that the ethanol extract of leaves of lemongrass contains alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, and steroids. The highest total phenol content was in the 30% ethanol extract of 50.017GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalent) mg/g. Ethanol extract of lemongrass leaves is potential as an antioxidant because its inhibitory against free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The best IC50 values was obtained in the 70% ethanol extract of 79.444 mg/L. The highest antioxidant activity by Rancimat instrument occured in 70% ethanol extract.
Reflection in a museum setting: the personal responses tour.

INTRODUCTION We describe an educational innovation piloted by the director of education at a university art museum and a physician-educator using the museum holdings as reflective triggers for medical learners. This innovation is distinct from the emerging trend of using art to build observation skills, enhance pattern recognition, and improve diagnostic acumen. Our intervention is specifically designed to promote individual reflection, foster empathy, increase appreciation for the psychosocial context of patient experience, and create a safe haven for learners to deepen their relationships with one another. METHODS Individuals randomly selected a question from a set prepared by the authors to guide a reflective exploration of the galleries. Each question was different, but all invited an emotional response-a connection between a work of art and some aspect of life or medical practice, for example, "Focus on a memorable patient, and find a work of art that person would find meaningful or powerful" or "Find an image of a person with whom you have difficulty empathizing. " The exploration ended with a shared tour of evocative objects selected by the participants. The duration of the exercise was approximately 1.5 hours and required minimal faculty preparation. RESULTS Most of the participants rated the exercise as 5 (excellent) on a 5-point Likert scale and particularly cited the effectiveness at stimulating reflection on meaningful issues and community building. DISCUSSION The exercise is easily reproducible in any art gallery space. The same basic format and facilitation technique opens new and different conversations depending on the composition of the group and the choice of artwork. Museum-based reflection warrants further experimentation, analysis, and dissemination.
An Automatic Approach for Domain-Specific Dictionary Expansion Based on Web Mining

This paper proposes an automatic expansion approach for an existing domain-specific dictionary based on web mining. Using the terminology pairs in a dictionary as queries, we first extract snippet fragments that potentially contain the Chinese translations of current English phrases. Based on matching patterns extracted from the Web, we can get the most likely translation for a new English phrase. Finally we use the Vector Space Model to filter out the translation equivalents belong to our expected domain, and a domain-specific dictionary expanded by these new terminology pairs is thereby built. The performance of our approach is verified on a dictionary of finance and accounting, and a precision between 85-90% is achieved on considering different thresholds.
The power grid in 2030

Developing technology is like driving a race car: You push the machinery as fast as it'll go, and if you can avoid a crash, a prize awaits you at the finish line. For engineers, the reward is sometimes monetary, but more often it's the satisfaction of seeing the world become a better place. Thanks to many such engineers driving many such race cars, a lot of progress is about to happen in an unexpected spot: the electricity sector. The power grid's interlocking technological, economic, and regulatory underpinnings were established about a century ago and have undergone only minimal disruption in the decades since. But now the industry is facing massive change. Most observers are only vaguely aware of the magnitude of this overhaul, perhaps because it's a hard story to tell. It doesn't translate well to a set of tweets. Many people have come to think of the electric-utility business in much the same way they think of their taxes-boring, tedious, and somehow, always costing more money.
Increased cardiac sympathetic drive in renovascular hypertension

Background Patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH) have high cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In these patients, overall sympathetic nerve activity is increased. It is unknown, however, whether this increase also involves the heart. Objective We tested the hypothesis that cardiac sympathetic activity is increased in patients with hypertension and renal artery stenosis. Methods and results A total of 14 patients with hypertension were studied before angioplasty of angiographically identified renal artery stenosis. Nine out of 14 patients had renovascular hypertension proven at the 1-year follow-up visit. A total of 19 healthy subjects served as a control group. A right heart catheterization, including the positioning of a coronary sinus thermodilution catheter was performed for hemodynamic recordings and blood sampling. Using a radiotracer dilution technique with infusion of tritiated noradrenaline ([3H]NA) and adrenaline ([3H]A), fractional extraction and clearance were calculated. Total body and cardiac NA spillovers were used as indices of systemic and cardiac sympathetic nervous activity. The study group had normal left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac pressures. Cardiac NA spillover was increased by 127% in the hypertensive patients compared with healthy subjects (200 ± 53 versus 88 ± 10 pmol/min in controls, P < 0.05). Total body NA spillover was similar in both groups. Cardiac fractional extraction of [3H]NA and [3H]A was decreased by 26 and 47%, respectively, compared with normotensive subjects (P < 0.01 for both). Conclusions Patients with renovascular hypertension have altered cardiac sympathetic function with increased sympathetic drive and impaired catecholamine extraction. The increased cardiac sympathetic drive may have adverse long-term effects on prognosis in this patient group with high cardiovascular mortality.
Effect of temperature on virus eradication and growth of infected tissue cultures.

SUMMARY Cucumber mosaic (CMV) and alfalfa mosaic (AlfMV) viruses were eradicated or their concentrations greatly diminished when infected meristem tips were grown in static or shake culture at 32 or 34 oC. Similar cultures grown at 22 oC remained infected. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was not eradicated from shake cultures at 32 oC and the concentration of TMV in such cultures at 32 oC was sometimes higher than at 22 oC. The concentration of CMV and AlfMV was considerably less in cultured tissues than in infected leaf material, but that of TMV was similar. Cultures infected with CMV or TMV grew more slowly than healthy cultures. Growth of AlfMV infected and healthy cultures was similar.
Molecular cloning and regulatory analysis of the arylsulfatase structural gene of Neurospora crassa

The ars-1+ gene of Neurospora crassa encodes the enzyme arylsulfatase. ars-1+ is in a group of highly regulated sulfur-related structural genes that are expressed under conditions of sulfur limitation and are under coordinate control of the cys-3+ and scon+ regulatory genes. The ars-1+ gene was cloned by chromosome walking from the qa gene cluster, using a lambda library. Cotransformation of an N. crassa ars-1 mutant with the isolated lambda clones and the benomyl resistance gene, followed by assay for arylsulfatase activity, was used to screen for the ars-1+ gene. Further confirmation that the cloned segment mapped to the ars-1+ locus was obtained by restriction-fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed that the ars-1+ gene was transcribed to give an mRNA of 2.3 kilobases. In wild-type cells, the ars-1+ transcript was abundant under sulfur-derepressing conditions but absent under repressing conditions. Time course analysis showed that the appearance of ars-1+ message in sulfur-derepressed cultures paralleled the appearance of arylsulfatase enzyme activity. In addition, transcription of ars-1+ was detected only under derepressing conditions in a nuclear transcription assay. In a cys-3 regulatory mutant that was unable to synthesize arylsulfatase (or other sulfur-controlled enzymes), there was no ars-1+ transcript under repressing or derepressing conditions. In a temperature-sensitive cys-3 mutant, the ars-1+ transcript was present only at the permissive growth temperature and under sulfur derepression. A negative regulatory mutant, sconc, displayed both constitutive expression of arylsulfatase enzyme activity and content of ars-1+ message.
Body mass index and cancer risk in Korean men and women

Obesity is associated with diverse health risks, but the role of body weight (BMI) as a risk factor for all and site‐specific cancers remains controversial and risks for cancer associated with obesity have not been well‐characterized in Asians. Body weight and risk for cancer were examined in a 14‐year prospective cohort study of 1,213,829 Koreans aged 30–95 years insured by the National Health Insurance Corporation who had a biennial medical evaluation in 1992–1995. Incidence rates for all cancers and site‐specific cancers were examined in relation to BMI. Age‐ and smoking‐status adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were examined using the Cox proportional hazards model. For both sexes, the average baseline BMI was 23.2 kg/m2, and the association of risk for all‐cancers with BMI was positive. Obese men (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) were at increased risk for developing the following cancers: stomach (1.31, 1.05–1.64), colon (1.42, 1.02–1.98), liver (1.63, 1.27–2.10) and gallbladder (1.65, 1.11–2.44). Obese women (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) were at increased risk for developing liver cancer (1.39, 1.00–1.94), pancreatic cancer (1.80, 1.14–2.86) and breast cancer among women aged ≥50 years old (1.38, 1.00–1.90). The HRs were comparable in never and ever smokers for all cancers and all specific sites except for lung cancer. For all cancers common to both sexes, the association was significantly weaker (p < 0.01) in females. Our study provides further confirmation of the excess cancer risk associated with obesity. Rising obesity in Asian populations raises concern that increasing numbers of avoidable cancer cases will occur among Asians. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ADAMTS1 and Versican: Partners in Ovulation and Fertilization

Ovulation is a dynamic, orchestrated process set in motion by the midcycle surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) and culminates in the breakdown of the follicular wall and extrusion of the oocyte. This pre-ovulatory surge of LH initiates and synchro-nizes a series of biochemical events that result in the transformation of granulosa cells to luteal cells, changes in the steroidogenic potential of the transforming granulosa-luteal cells, expansion of the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte, and changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) at the apex of the follicle. Proteinases have been proposed to act to bring about changes in the ECM to allow expansion of the cells of the cumulus oocyte complex (COC) and degradation of the apical follicular wall. Indeed, there is a body of literature that supports a role for various proteinases such as the plasminogen activators, matrix metalloproteinases, cathepsins, and the ADAMTS (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin-like motifs) in COC expansion and ovulation. These proteinases are induced after the LH surge, and administration of exogenous inhibitors for these proteinases results in a block of COC expansion and/or inhibition of oocyte release [1]. Despite this evidence, data from studies employing mice lacking specific proteinases (i.e., knockout models) have yielded little insight into the key players in the ovulatory process, potentially due to redundancy and overlapping functions of these proteolytic pathways. To date, the only proteinase that has been convincingly shown, using knockout mice, to play a role in ovulation
EXPRESSED ATTITUDES OF VARIOUS GROUPS OF ATHLETES TOWARD ATHLETIC COMPETITION.

Abstract A competitive attitude scale of 22 items was designed for the purpose of revealing to what degree various sports groups subscribed to the “win-at-any-cost” philosophy of athletics. The scale was administered to 228 athletes participating in six varsity sports at three types of schools. The data revealed no differences in the expressed attitudes among athletes categorized by sports or among athletes categorized by the type of school attended. An analysis of the results of this study suggest that outcomes in sportsmanlike behavior may vary under different leadership and environment and that future studies in this area should be designed to study these variables.
Biosynthesis of Epimers C2 and C2a in the Gentamicin C Complex

Gentamicin is a broad‐spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used to treat life‐threatening bacterial infections. The gentamicin C complex consists of gentamicin C1, gentamicin C1a, and epimers gentamicin C2 and gentamicin C2a. At present there is a generally accepted pathway of gentamicin biosynthesis, except for detailed understanding of the epimerization process involving gentamicins C2 and C2a. Here we have investigated the biosynthesis of these epimers. JI‐20B—an intermediate in the gentamicin biosynthetic pathway—and its epimer JI‐20Ba were generated by in‐frame deletion within genP, which encodes a phosphotransferase that catalyzes the first step of 3′,4′‐bisdehydroxylation in gentamicin biosynthesis. GenB1 and GenB2 are aminotransferases with different substrate specificities and enantioselectivities. JI‐20Ba, containing a 6′S chiral amine, a precursor of gentamicin C2a, was synthesized from G418 by GenQ/GenB1 through sequential oxidation/transamination at C‐6′. GenQ/GenB2 catalyzed the synthesis of JI‐20B, containing a 6′R chiral amine, a precursor of gentamicin C2, from G418. GenB2 catalyzed the epimerization of JI‐20Ba/JI‐20B and of gentamicins C2a/C2.
The Real Effects of Political Uncertainty: Elections and Investment Sensitivity to Stock Prices

We show that political uncertainty surrounding elections can affect how corporate investment responds to stock prices. In a large panel of elections around the world, investment is 40% less sensitive to stock prices during election years compared to non-election years. The decrease in investment-to-price sensitivity appears to be due to stock prices becoming less informative during election years making them noisier signals for managers to follow. Further, the drop in investment-to-price sensitivity is larger when election results are less certain, in countries with higher corruption, large state ownership, and weak standards of disclosure by politicians. Finally, we show that election uncertainty leads to inefficient capital allocation, reducing company performance.
Positive and negative affective processing exhibit dissociable functional hubs during the viewing of affective pictures

Recent resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies using graph theory metrics have revealed that the functional network of the human brain possesses small‐world characteristics and comprises several functional hub regions. However, it is unclear how the affective functional network is organized in the brain during the processing of affective information. In this study, the fMRI data were collected from 25 healthy college students as they viewed a total of 81 positive, neutral, and negative pictures. The results indicated that affective functional networks exhibit weaker small‐worldness properties with higher local efficiency, implying that local connections increase during viewing affective pictures. Moreover, positive and negative emotional processing exhibit dissociable functional hubs, emerging mainly in task‐positive regions. These functional hubs, which are the centers of information processing, have nodal betweenness centrality values that are at least 1.5 times larger than the average betweenness centrality of the network. Positive affect scores correlated with the betweenness values of the right orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and the right putamen in the positive emotional network; negative affect scores correlated with the betweenness values of the left OFC and the left amygdala in the negative emotional network. The local efficiencies in the left superior and inferior parietal lobe correlated with subsequent arousal ratings of positive and negative pictures, respectively. These observations provide important evidence for the organizational principles of the human brain functional connectome during the processing of affective information. Hum Brain Mapp, 36:415–426, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.