Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence for a chemical enrichment coupling of globular clusters and field stars in the Fornax dSph

The globular cluster H4, located in the center of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy, is crucial for understanding the formation and chemical evolution of star clusters in low-mass galactic environments. H4 is peculiar because the cluster is significantly more metal-rich than the galaxy's other clusters, is located near the galaxy center, and may also be the youngest cluster in the galaxy. In this study, we present detailed chemical abundances derived from high-resolution (R~28000) spectroscopy of an isolated H4 member star for comparison with a sample of 22 nearby Fornax field stars. We find the H4 member to be depleted in the alpha-elements Si, Ca, and Ti with [Si/Fe]=-0.35+-0.34, [Ca/Fe]=+0.05+-0.08, and [Ti/Fe]=-0.27+-0.23, resulting in an average [alpha/Fe]=-0.19+-0.14. If this result is representative of the average cluster properties, H4 is the only known system with a low [alpha/Fe] ratio and a moderately low metallicity embedded in an intact birth environment. For the field stars we find a clear sequence, seen as an early depletion in [alpha/Fe] at low metallicities, in good agreement with previous measurements. H4 falls on top of the observed field star [alpha/Fe] sequence and clearly disagrees with the properties of Milky Way halo stars. We therefore conclude that within a galaxy, the chemical enrichment of globular clusters may be closely linked to the enrichment pattern of the field star population. The low [alpha/Fe] ratios of H4 and similar metallicity field stars in Fornax give evidence that slow chemical enrichment environments, such as dwarf galaxies, may be the original hosts of alpha-depleted clusters in the halos of the Milky Way and M31.
Inflation in terms of a viscous van der Waals coupled fluid

We propose to describe the acceleration of the universe by introducing a model of two coupled fluids. We focus on the accelerated expansion at the early stages. The inflationary expansion is described in terms of a van der Waals equation of state for the cosmic fluid, when account is taken of bulk viscosity. We assume that there is a weak interaction between the van der Waals fluid and the second component (matter). The gravitational equations for the energy densities of the two components are solved for a homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) universe, and analytic expressions for the Hubble parameter are obtained. The slow-roll parameters, the spectral index, and the tensor-to-scalar ratio are calculated and compared with the most recent astronomical data from the Planck satellite. Given reasonable restriction on the parameters, the agreement with observations is favorable.
Results from the International Halocarbons in Air Comparison Experiment (IHALACE)

Abstract. The International Halocarbons in Air Comparison Experiment (IHALACE) was conducted to document relationships between calibration scales among various laboratories that measure atmospheric greenhouse and ozone depleting gases. This study included trace gases such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), as well as nitrous oxide, methane, sulfur hexafluoride, very short-lived halocompounds, and carbonyl sulfide. Many of these gases are present in the unpolluted atmosphere at pmol mol−1 (parts per trillion) or nmol mol−1 (parts per billion) levels. Six stainless steel cylinders containing natural and modified natural air samples were circulated among 19 laboratories. Results from this experiment reveal relatively good agreement (within a few percent) among commonly used calibration scales. Scale relationships for some gases, such as CFC-12 and CCl4, were found to be consistent with those derived from estimates of global mean mole fractions, while others, such as halon-1211 and CH3Br, revealed discrepancies. The transfer of calibration scales among laboratories was problematic in many cases, meaning that measurements tied to a particular scale may not, in fact, be compatible. Large scale transfer errors were observed for CH3CCl3 (10–100%) and CCl4 (2–30%), while much smaller scale transfer errors (
Priority Based Congestion Control and Partial Reliability Guaranty Protocol for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

Congestion is an essential problem in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). It not only wastes the scarce energy due to a large number of retransmissions and packet drops, but also hampers the event detection reliability. Thus, to meet the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for network applications, a reliable and fair transport protocol is mandatory. For some applications however, such as in wireless multimedia sensor networks, having a 100% packet delivery ratio is not necessary. In this paper, we present PCC-PRG, a Priority Based Congestion Control and Partial Reliability Guaranty protocol for wireless multimedia sensor networks. The proposed PCC-PRG protocol can be used for partial order services in WMSNs. PCC-PRG uses the maximum queue length of intermediate nodes to detect and notify congestion in the network. PCC-PRG protocol uses a rate control mechanism to adjust the transmission rate of each traffic flow based on the congestion degree in the network and also the flow priority. All transmitted packets are classified into two different priority groups: high and low. Only lost high priority packets are retransmitted. To use a node’s energy efficiently, we use a hop-by-hop NACK-based reliability guaranty model. Simulation results confirm the superiority of the proposed model.
The In fl uence of Comorbidity and the Simpli fi ed Comorbidity Score on Overall Survival in Non – Small Cell Lung Cancer — A Prospective Cohort Study

The Influence of Comorbidity and the Simplified Comorbidity Score on Overall Survival in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer—A Prospective Cohort Study Marliese Alexander, B.Pharm (Hons), MPH,* Sue M. Evans, BN, MCE, PhD, Robert G. Stirling, BSc (Hons), MBBCh, MRCPI, FRACP, Rory Wolfe, BSc, PhD, Ann Officer, RN B.Ed., Michael MacManus, MD, Benjamin Solomon, M.B. B.S., PhD, FRACP, Kate Burbury, M.B. B.S. (Hons), FRACP, FRCPA, PhD, David Ball, M.B. B.S., MD Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University Melbourne, Australia Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia Department of Allergy Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia Department of Radiation Oncology (Lung Service), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
Validation and robustness of an atmospheric correction algorithm for hyperspectral images

The Optics Department of ONERA has developed and implemented an inverse algorithm, COSHISE, to correct hyperspectral images of the atmosphere effects in the visible-NIR-SWIR domain (0,4-2,5 micrometers ). This algorithm automatically determine the integrated water-vapor content for each pixel, from the radiance at sensor level by using a LIRR-type (Linear Regression Ratio) technique. It then retrieves the spectral reflectance at ground level using atmospheric parameters computed with Modtran4, included the water-vapor spatial dependence as obtained in the first stop. The adjacency effects are taken into account using spectral kernels obtained by two Monte-Carlo codes. Results obtained with COCHISE code on real hyperspectral data are first compared to ground based reflectance measurements. AVIRIS images of Railroad Valley Playa, CA, and HyMap images of Hartheim, France, are use. The inverted reflectance agrees perfectly with the measurement at ground level for the AVIRIS data set, which validates COCHISE algorithm/ for the HyMap data set, the results are still good but cannot be considered as validating the code. The robustness of COCHISE code is evaluated. For this, spectral radiance images are modeled at the sensor level, with the direct algorithm COMANCHE, which is the reciprocal code of COCHISE. The COCHISE algorithm is then used to compute the reflectance at ground level from the simulated at-sensor radiance. A sensitivity analysis has been performed, as a function of errors on several atmospheric parameter and instruments defaults, by comparing the retrieved reflectance with the original one. COCHISE code shows a quite good robustness to errors on input parameter, except for aerosol type.
Multiple-Beams Splitter Based on Graphene

Due to its tunability of conductivity, graphene can be considered as a novel epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material. Based on this property, we propose a wave splitter using graphene. Simulation results show that the circular surface plasmon polariton waves excited by a point source can be transferred to narrow beams through a graphene-based wave splitter, which is formed by a polygonal contour of the ENZ graphene layer. The number of beams can be easily controlled by adjusting the shape of the polygonal ENZ graphene layer, and the operation frequency can also be chosen.
BANDWIDTH ENHANCEMENT DESIGN OF COMPACT UWB STEP-SLOT ANTENNA WITH ROTATED PATCH

In this paper, a novel compact microstrip-fed ultra- wideband (UWB) step-slot antenna with a rotated patch is demonstrated and experimentally studied. With an efiective combination of the step-slot and rotated patch and proper dimensions bandwidth enhancement for UWB operation is obtained. From the simulated and measured results, the enhanced impedance bandwidth is brought up to about 117.5% from 2.88 to 11.08GHz deflned by 10dB return loss. Details of the proposed antenna are described, and experimental results are presented and discussed.
The Nexus between Inflation and Inflation Uncertainty via Wavelet Approach: Some Lessons from Egyptian Case

The nexus between inflation and its uncertainty has been a topic of wide dispute. Using wavelet decomposition and with special reference to Egypt for the period 1960-2013, we find that the focal relationship varies substantially among the different frequencies involved. In the short-run, inflation expands inflation uncertainty and vice versa. In the medium term, higher inflation leads to greater volatility, while there is no evidence of significant link in the long-run. The main causes of these mixed outcomes have been organized into demand pull factors, cost push ones and the possible reflect of the conflicting underlying objectives pursued to avoid political pitfalls and the great instability that unfolded since 25th January 2011.
Detection of GT repeats microsatellite loci and their polymorphism for grouper of the genus Epinephelus

Groupers of the genus Epinephelus, family of Serani dae, are economically important marine fish distributed through the tropical and warm seas of the world. 1,2) In the fact, the family of Serranidae is distributed mainly tropi cal waters, some of them can be found in temperate seas, some in brackish water, and some exclusively in freshwater.3) Their wide distribution and color variation make it difficult not only to identify grouper species visual ly, but also to determine the genetic structure of their popu lations, the latter being important implication for the de sign of adequate management programs. One alternative for gathering information on these species is the use of molecular genetic markers.4) Recently, a number of easily assayable and highly variable genetic markers have been de veloped. These markers, in conjunction with the discovery of a polymerase chain reaction capable of rapid DNA mul tiplication, have a wide range of potential applications in fisheries. From several genetic markers, microsatellite DNA is increasingly being used in the genetic study be cause of it is highly polymorphic as genetic markers and generally inherited in a Mendelian way. There is thus a critical need for grouper genetic data, pursuant to the eventual determination of genetic struc ture of grouper populations. As a preliminary study on grouper populations, we have described development of microsatellites from Epinephelus merra and their use as markers of DNA polymorphism in various species of groupers. Blood samples from five species of groupers were collect ed from the Java waters through the Research Institute for Coastal Fisheries, Gondol, Bali, Indonesia on October 1996. The species used were E. merra, E. bonthoides, E.
An overview on potential of in vitro studies and transcriptomics for cancer

The concept of cell lines emerged from the uncontrolled growth of cells called cancer; however cancer cell lines are not easy to develop. In current time a good number of human cancer and non cancer cell lines are available for research to find out a cure for this disease with the development of new therapies and medicines. According to different reports, cases of this disease are increasing day by day. Environmental pollution and different habits in modern life style viz. smoking, tobacco, etc. increasing the risk of cancer. Reports from several countries, including India on this issue are horrendous. The risk, severity and symptoms can be better understood by molecular level analysis of the disease. To date advancement of technology from microarray transcriptome analysis to transcriptome sequencing has been provided a deep insight into cancer. Sample size and ethical issues related to human necessitates the use of in vitro techniques alongwith such molecular techniques to get a thorough understanding of the disease and also provides a good prospectus. Correspondence to: Pankaj Soni, Senior Research Fellow, Molecular Biology Division, ICAR-NBFGR, Lucknow, India, Tel: 8115930054; E-mail: mbt. pankaj@gmail.com
The Distribution of Pitch Accents in Instructions as a Function of Discourse Structure

Speakers gave instructions to listeners to assemble the front view of a house from a set of ready-made parts. The main aim was to find out how the distribution of accents over expressions referring to the parts of the front view was related to the structure of the monologues containing the instructions. Each monologue was analysed as a series of instructions, each instruction specifying to the listener what to do with one part of the front view (the TOPIC of the instruction). It turned out that the instruction was a meaningful unit of analysis: when topics were introduced into an instruction, the speaker always used accented expressions; afterwards the topic was often referred to by a pronoun. When the speaker mentioned other parts of the front view in the course of an instruction, he mostly used the names of the parts; most of these names were accented, though more often when they were used for the first time in an instruction than when they were used later on. The results were interpreted to mean that the speakers used accentuation to signal to the listener the degree of availability of the information conveyed: an accented expression signals to the listener that he cannot easily map the expression onto the information it refers to in the context; an unaccented expression signals to the listener that he can map the expression directly onto the intended information, since the information at that point in the utterance may be supposed to be maximally activated due to the preceding context. Some consequences were considered for the listener's processing of the incoming information.
Audit Quality and Audit Report Lag in Malaysia

The purpose of this paper is to conceptually examine the relation between two dimensions of auditor quality, namely, auditor industry specialization and auditor reputation and the audit report lag based on past literature. Given if the empirical research is carried out based on conceptual framework discussed in this paper, the insights drawn from this study may be of assistance to policy makers as they consider the costs and benefits associated with varying levels of audit market concentration as well as providing a snapshot of the level of non-compliance on audit timeliness in Malaysia.
The Proposed Tuning Method 2 . 1 Block Diagram Representation

The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller has extensively been used in the process industries and is taught in most undergraduate engineering and engineering technology programs. Various PID design/tuning methods have been proposed over the years such as the famous Ziegler-Nichols method, the Internal Model Control (IMC) method, and the many variations of it. Given a process model, these methods estimate values for the PID tuning parameters: proportional gain, integral time, and derivative time. Many of the tuning methods include a tunable parameter, for instance the filter time constant in the case of the IMC method that the user must “tune”. Furthermore, none of these techniques considers process constraints in the PID design. However, from a practical viewpoint, process and final control element constraints must be accounted for. Recently, a methodology based on has been developed to design PID controllers subject to controlled variable as well as manipulated variable (size and rate) constraints while a performance criterion is optimized. This paper extends this methodology to determine the “tunable” parameters of other PID design methods while process and equipment constraints are satisfied. Estimation of the IMC filter time constant is considered. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the practicality of the new PID design method.
Extensive traumatic axonal injury of brain due to violence

Rationale: Many studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have demonstrated traumatic axonal injury (TAI) in patients whose conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results are negative following head trauma. Injury mechanism for TAI in these patients has been mainly associated with motor vehicle accident, whereas very little is known about TAI by violence. Patient concerns: A 42-year-old male patient presented after experiencing head trauma due to violence. His face was hit several times by 2 men, and 1 of the men kicked the right side of the patient's head, after which the patient's left parietal area hit the ground while falling. After the head trauma, he felt mild motor weakness of the left upper and lower extremities and had mild articulation difficulty, cognitive dysfunction including memory impairment, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed as TAI. Interventions: Clinical assessments and DTI were performed at 10 days after the head trauma. Outcomes: He showed mild left hemiparesis (5/4), mild dysarthria, mild cognitive abnormality (Clinical Dementia Rating: 0.5) and mild abnormality on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (score: 12; cut-off score: 10, maximum score: 24). DTI showed the following configurational abnormalities: right corticospinal tract narrowing, left corticobulbar tract narrowing, discontinuations in the anterior portion of both cingula, discontinuation of the left fornical crus, non-reconstruction of the right dorsolateral prefronto-thalamic tract, and narrowing in both lower ventral ascending reticular activating systems. Lessons: Extensive TAI of various neural tracts was demonstrated by performing DTI of a patient with head trauma due to violence. Analysis of the neural tracts via DTI can be useful in detection of TAI in patients who show various neurological features following head trauma due to violence.
Linear scheduling is close to optimality

This paper deals with the problem of finding optimal schedulings for uniform dependence algorithms. Given a convex domain, let T/sub f/ be the total time needed to execute all computations using the free (greedy) schedule and let T/sub l/ be the total time needed to execute all computations using the optimal linear schedule. The authors' main result is to bound T/sub l//T/sub f/ and T/sub l/-T/sub f/ for sufficiently 'fat' domains. <<ETX>>
Identification of Groundwater Components in Western Area of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Using Raman Spectroscopy

The aim of this study is to identify the components of water wells in the western region of Saudi Arabia, using Raman spectroscopy. Water wells samples were collected from different areas, distances apart, and same in the depths. The samples were analyzed by LIRA 300 Raman spectrometer. The results showed that the samples contain different materials, beside the water, with different amounts; like: acids, aromatic molecules, salts, amides, alkynes, phenol, ester and sulfonamide.
Towards a regional ocean forecasting system for the IBI (Iberia-Biscay-Ireland area): developments and improvements within the ECOOP project framework

Abstract. The regional ocean operational system remains a key element in downscaling from large scale (global or basin scale) systems to coastal ones. It enables the transition between systems in which the resolution and the resolved physics are quite different. Indeed, coastal applications need a system to predict local high frequency events (inferior to the day) such as storm surges, while deep sea applications need a system to predict large scale lower frequency ocean features. In the framework of the ECOOP project, a regional system for the Iberia-Biscay-Ireland area has been upgraded from an existing V0 version to a V2. This paper focuses on the improvements from the V1 system, for which the physics are close to a large scale basin system, to the V2 for which the physics are more adapted to shelf and coastal issues. Strong developments such as higher regional physics resolution in the NEMO Ocean General Circulation Model for tides, non linear free surface and adapted vertical mixing schemes among others have been implemented in the V2 version. Thus, regional thermal fronts due to tidal mixing now appear in the latest version solution and are quite well positioned. Moreover, simulation of the stratification in shelf areas is also improved in the V2.
Histamine Modulates Isoproterenol Efficacy at the β2 Adrenoceptor: Inferences Regarding Allosteric Modulation by Imidazole-Containing Compounds

In the last few years, evidence has been mounting of the possible allosteric modulation of second messenger formation on β2-adrenoceptors (β2ARs) induced by non-arylethylamine compounds. We herein addressed this issue by carrying out functional and molecular modeling studies to explore the possibility that imidazole-containing compounds (ICCs) affect the formation and accumulation of cAMP by mediating β2AR activation. Results show that histamine (an ICC) had no effect on basal cAMP accumulation in COS-7 cells transfected with the human β2AR (10.4 ± 1.1 pmol/mg protein), but significantly augmented the receptor response to the agonist isoproterenol (137 ± 7% of controls, EC50 10.5 μM, pEC50 5.87 ± 0.06). Moreover, histamine (10 μM) did not affect the isoproterenol inhibition of 3H]-dihydroalprenolol binding to hβ2ARs in membranes of transfected COS-7 cells. Q-site Finder program and molecular docking studies identified possible sites of interaction for ICCs on the β2AR, but the estimated affinities were lower than those reported for well-known β2AR ligands on the orthosteric site. On the basis of the present experimental and theoretical data, we postulate that direct ICC-hβ2AR interactions can allosterically modulate agonist-induced receptor activation. Implications of these findings for drug design are discussed.