Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PRECAMBRIAN METAMORPHIC AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF NORTHERN BAFFIN ISLAND, NUNAVUT, CANADA

The northern part of Baffin Island, in Nunavut, lies within the ca. 3.0–2.5 Ga Committee belt, characterized by episodic granitic plutonism and greenschist- to upper-amphibolite-facies belts of supracrustal rocks. Whereas the entire belt on Baffin Island was likely affected by ca. 2.7 Ga plutonism and associated metamorphism, there is also evidence of a high-grade event at ca. 2.55–2.5 Ga. Evolution of the Baffin orogen in south-central Baffin Island led to generation of the ca. 1.86 Ga Cumberland Batholith, ca. 1.85–1.83 Ga northwest-directed thrusting of the Foxe fold-and-thrust belt over the Dexterity granulite belt (DGB), and variable structural and metamorphic reworking of the Committee belt on northern Baffin Island. Thermobarometric data for granulite-facies rocks in the western DGB indicate ~8.7 kbar paleopressure, interpreted to have been achieved in continental crust thickened by thrust imbrication. Paleopressure decreases gradually northward from the western DGB to <4 kbar, but decreases sharply south of the Isortoq fault zone (IF), which approximates the southern boundary of the DGB. Combined thermobarometric and structural constraints suggest that the IF represents an important crustal-scale structure involved in both NW-directed thrusting and tectonic loading of the DGB, as well as subsequent extensional unroofing of the DGB. Southwest-directed thrusting in the ca. 1.825–1.81 Ga Northeast Baffin thrust belt (NBTB) is interpreted to have produced similar tectonic thickening and ~10.5 kbar pressures along most of the length of this belt on northern Baffin Island, including the eastern part of the DGB. The ~6–8 kbar Archean Bylot Batholith represents a higher structural level that may have contributed to tectonic loading of adjacent high-pressure rocks in the NBTB.
Chapter 15 Polymer Resonant Waveguide Gratings

This chapter deals with the advances in polymeric waveguide gratings for filtering and integrated optics applications. Optical polymer materials are widely used for planar and corrugated micro-optical waveguide grating structures ranging from down a micrometer to several hundred micrometers. Light in a polymeric waveguide is transmitted in discrete modes whose propagation orders depend on incident wavelength, waveguide dimensional parameters, and material properties. Diffracted optical structures are permittivity-modulated microstructures whose micro-relief surface profiles exhibit global/local periodicity. The resonant nature and location of such globally periodic structures (diffraction gratings) excite leaky waveguide modes which couple incident light into reflected/ transmitted plane wave diffraction orders. It describes design & analysis, fabrication, and characterization of sub-wavelength polymer grating structures replicated in different polymeric materials (polycarbonate, cyclic olefin copolymer, Ormocomp) by a simple, cost-effective, accurate, and large scale production method. The master stamp (mold) for polymer replication is fabricated with an etchless process with smooth surface profile.
Anxiety and Depression among Pregnant Women and Mothers of Children Under one Year in Sindupalchowk District, Nepal

Background: Common mental disorders such as anxiety and depression among mothers of young children and expectants can silently deteriorate the health of the mother with significant impact on the newborn. The primary aims were to determine the proportion of pregnant women and mothers of children under one year with anxiety and depression and their associated factors in Sindhupalchowk.Methods: We used the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 and a structured questionnaire in a cross-sectional study to collect information from 778 women (164 pregnant women, 614 mothers of children under one year) selected through multi-stage sampling. Results: Among pregnant women, the study found that 21.3% (95%CI:15.7–28.3) had anxiety and 23.8% (95%CI:17.8–31.0) had depression. Being from the Dalit ethnic group was independently associated with anxiety and depression. Among mothers of children under one year, 18.7% (95%CI:15.7–22.1) had anxiety and 15.2% (95%CI:12.4–18.4) had depression. Among these women, low education level; primary source of family income being agriculture, animal husbandry or labour; history of unplanned pregnancy; and use of tobacco were independently associated with anxiety and history of unplanned pregnancy and use of tobacco were independently associated with depression.Conclusions: A substantial proportion of women had anxiety and depression with higher odds of anxiety and depression in certain group of women. Targeted health system interventions are needed for improving the psychological well being of women, including pregnant women, as well as newborn health and wellbeing.
SCREENING OF SOME LOW-COST WASTE BIOMATERIALS FOR THE SORPTION OF SILVER-CYANIDE COMPLEX (Ag (CN)2) - FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

Low-cost waste biomaterials/biomass from different categories (viz. Agricultural by-products, Industrial waste, Municipal solid waste, Fungal waste, Algal biomass and Photosynthetic plants waste) were collected from diverse sources and habitats were screened for the removal of precious silver-cyanide complex [Ag (CN)2 –] (Dicyanoargentate-DCAG) from aqueous solutions. Among the tested biomaterials, Eicchornia root and tea powder waste biomass were found to be highly efficient biosorbents of DCAG. It was observed that biosorption of DCAG took place optimally at pH 6 for majority of the biomaterials tested. Loading capacity of Eicchornia root biomass (9.74 μmol/g) was higher than that of tea powder waste biomass (9.41 μmol/g), but was marginally lower than that of conventional activated charcoal (9.95 μmol/g). Results showed that low-cost biomaterials have tremendous potentials for their applications in environmental clean-up.
Verification of Surface Conductance Model of Textile Materials

Surface conductance is one of the main parameters which describes basic characteristics of specific textile materials. These textile materials are used, for example, in environments with higher requirements on hardware electrostatic protection during their production process. Published measurement standardized methods are followed by modeling methods which do not reach satisfactory results. This paper is therefore focused on the modeling of surface conductance of textile materials. The results show that the structure of textile materials can be seen as serial-parallel connections of resistors. A derivation of this model is described.
The Tutor's Role: An investigation of the power of Exchange Structure Analysis to identify different roles in CMC seminars

This paper presents a method of dialogue analysis called Exchange Structure Analysis (ESA). The research question was whether ESA (a relatively easy to apply analysis of turn taking), could help to clarify differences between peer and tutor roles. If so, then it may prove useful in evaluating how effective tutors are in transferring discussion skills to their students. ESA was applied to eight one-hour Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) CHAT seminars. Using ESA, some patterns of exchange were found more frequently in some students' protocols than in others and were also associated with the role of tutor more often than with the role of peer. ESA could, thus, be used to suggest the inclusiveness of the dialogue and the distribution of active and passive exchange roles amongst participants. By further specializing ESA using just a few categories of Speech Act (moves) from the DISCOUNT scheme (Pilkington, 1999), the degree to which tutor and students swapped argument roles, such as explaining and critiquing could also be tracked. Further studies are investigating whether notifying the tutor of participant profiles from these analyses can help the tutor to facilitate discussion. Implications for student modeling and the design of Learning Companions are also discussed.
In situ Microbial Community Control of the Stability of Bio-Reduced Uranium

In aerobic aquifers typical of many Department of Energy (DOE) legacy waste sites, uranium is present in the oxidized U(VI) form which is more soluble and thus more mobile. Field experiments at the Old Rifle UMTRA site have demonstrated that biostimulation by electron donor addition (acetate) promotes biological U(VI) reduction (2). However, U(VI) reduction is reversible and oxidative dissolution of precipitated U(IV) after the cessation of electron donor addition remains a critical issue for the application of biostimulation as a treatment technology. Despite the potential for oxidative dissolution, field experiments at the Old Rifle site have shown that rapid reoxidation of bio-reduced uranium does not occur and U(VI) concentrations can remain at approximately 20% of background levels for more than one year. The extent of post-amendment U(VI) removal and the maintenance of bioreduced uranium may result from many factors including U(VI) sorption to iron-containing mineral phases, generation of H2S or FeS0.9, or the preferential sorption of U(VI) by microbial cells or biopolymers, but the processes controlling the reduction and in situ reoxidation rates are not known. To investigate the role of microbial community composition in the maintenance of bioreduced uranium, in-well sediment incubators (ISIs) were developed allowing field deployment ofmore » amended and native sediments during on-going experiments at the site. Field deployment of the ISIs allows expedient interrogation of microbial community response to field environmental perturbations and varying geochemical conditions. « less
Nutritional Evaluation and Palatability of Major Range Forbs from South Darfur, Sudan

The nutritive value of rangelands in Southern Darfur, Sudan could be improved by introduction and multiplication of nutritious forbs with the objective of increasing livestock production in the area. The present study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value and palatability of eleven range forbs collected at flowering stage from Gahzal Gawazat, Southern Darfur, Sudan using chemical analysis. The crude protein (CP) ranged from 6.8% in Oxygonum atriplicifolium with lowest digestible crude protein (DCP) 2.8% to 16.4% in Zornia diphylla with highest DCP 11.73%. The highest and the lowest crude fiber (CF) values were obtained in Commelina spp (56.4%) and Sesamum alatum (25.9%), respectively. NDF and DMI values were maximum and minimum for Zornia diphylla (44.9 and 2.67%) and Alysicarpus glumaceus (35.3 and 3.4%), respectively. The total digestible nutrients (TDN) ranged from 57.1% in Blepharis linariifolia to 69.3% in Tribulus terrestris with highest digestible energy (DE) in later while the lowest DE was obtained in Commelina spp (2.4%). The calculated in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) was highest for the Canavalia ensiformis (50.27%) and lowest value (43.17%) for Commelina spp. Zornia diphylla, Tribulus terrestris and Sesamum alatum showed highest nutritive value, while Alysicarpus glumaceus, Oldenlandia senegalensis and Chrozophora brocchiana showed highest palatability. It is concluded that these rangeland forbs are palatable and their CP and energy contents are sufficient to support different classes of livestock in South Darfur, Sudan.
DETERMINING HOW FISH DETECT FISH SCREENS AND TESTING POTENTIAL FISH SCREEN ENHANCEMENTS

The importance of vision and the lateral line system in fish‐screen avoidance was investigated in steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were viewed swimming in front of a screen while in a large laboratory flume. Experiments were conducted during the day (lighted) and night (dark, to limit vision), and streptomycin sulfate treatments were used to block mechanoreception. The average number of times a fish contacted the screen was analyzed as a measure of performance. Industrial vibrators were used to induce screen vibrations as a possible behavioral deterrent. Fish showed a trend of contacting the screens less frequently during the day and more frequently when their lateral line system was blocked, although differences among the treatments were statistically indistinguishable (P > 0.05, three‐way analysis of variance). At the frequency tested, the vibrations on the screen had no effect on the fish’s avoidance performance. Recommendations for future experiments are discussed.
A GIS based tool to determine optimal routes

A GIS Based Tool To Determine Optimal Routes Rajeev Naroor Shashi S. Nambisan, Ph.D., P.E. , Examination Committee Chair Professor, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University o f Nevada, Las Vegas Travel in urban and suburban areas is an important activity in an individual’s daily time budget. Each trip is preceded by a planning process for selecting a “desirable” or an optimal route from the origin to destination. “Optimal” can take many forms, such as shortest time, shortest distance, least total cost, or safest/most reliable path. Reliable paths are of interest because of the impacts of congestion on travel tomes, and the resultant variability in travel times. A model to help identify optimal travel paths hased on travel time variability is developed in this research. Congestion on streets is one of the prime reasons for the variability of travel time on streets. In order to find an “optimal” route (based on minimizing expected travel time variability) from a source to destination factors influencing congestion were studied. Data were collected for these factors. Djikstra’s algoritlim was used to develop a route finding application. The application considers factors related to recurrent and non recurrent congestion and their impacts on estimated travel times. Data for such factors influencing
Secured Vector Routing Protocol for MANETs in Presence of Malicious Nodes

Due to their inherent properties Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are finding their way in diversity of applications. As these are infrastructureless networks, normal traditional routing algorithms are not applicable to MANETs. Many routing algorithms have been proposed for MANETs till now. Vector Routing Protocol (VRP) is proposed for efficient utilization of limited bandwidth in MANETs. Providing security to the network layer in MANETs is gaining importance nowadays. The two main functions of network layer are ad hoc routing and data forwarding. Due to the inherent properties of MANETs there is huge scope to attack on functions of network layer. Attacks on network layer can be broadly classified in two categories namely routing attacks and packet forwarding attacks. The attacks which try to modify the routing data and mislead the routing protocols are treated as routing attacks. These attacks are specific to the routing protocol used by the MANETs. Packet forwarding attacks on other hand do not disrupt the routing protocol, instead they cause the data packets intentionally inconsistent with routing states. Examples of these attacks are an intermediate node on the path, dropping the data packet, modifying the contents of the packet etc. In this Thesis we consider only on packet dropping attack on VRP algorithm. We proposed a solution to mitigate the effects of malicious nodes on VRP. Our proposed solution ‘Secured VRP’ secures the VRP algorithm from malicious nodes. Our Secured VRP (SVRP) works far better than VRP in presence of malicious nodes and works exactly as VRP in absence of malicious nodes.
No improvement in depressive symptoms by vitamin D supplementation: results from a randomised controlled trial

In observational studies, vitamin D deficiency is associated with depressive symptoms. However, randomised controlled trials (RCT) with vitamin D supplementation have not been conclusive. In the present study 206 subjects were randomised to vitamin D (100 000 IU (2500 µg) as a bolus dose followed by 20 000 IU (500 µg) per week) and 202 to placebo. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was filled in at baseline and after 4 months at the end of the study. At baseline the mean age was 51·4 and 52·5 years and mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) 32·5 and 35·1 nmol/l in the vitamin D and placebo groups, respectively. Among the 408 subjects, 193 had a BDI-II score >4, and forty-five had a score >13. Twenty-three subjects were using anti-depressant or mood-stabilising drugs. At the end of the study, there were no significant differences in Δ BDI-II score (score at the end of the study minus score at baseline), regardless of analysing all subjects, subjects with or without psycopharmaca, or if performing subgroup analyses based on baseline and final serum 25(OH)D levels combined with categories of baseline BDI-II scores >4 or >13. In conclusion, we have not been able to demonstrate any significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms. However, few of our subjects were clinically depressed. Future RCT should include subjects with more severe vitamin D deficiency as well as more depressed subjects than in our study. In such a setting vitamin D may probably be more relevant as an augmenter of standard antidepressant medication/treatment.
Average echoes from randomly oriented random‐length finite cylinders: Zooplankton models

By heuristically extending the previously developed ray solution [Stanton et al. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 94, 3454–3462 (1993)] to predict the scattering by cylinders over all angles of incidence, approximate expressions are derived which describe the echo energy due to sound scattered by finite cylinders averaged over orientation and length. Both straight and bent finite length cylinders of high aspect ratio are considered over the full range of frequencies (Rayleigh through geometric scattering). The results show that for a sufficiently broad range of orientation, the average echo is largely independent of the degree of bend—that is, the results are essentially the same for both the straight and bent cylinders of various radii of curvature (provided the bend is not too great). Also, in the limit of high frequency (i.e., the acoustic wavelength is much smaller than the cross‐sectional radius of the object), the averages are independent of frequency. The resultant formulas derived herein are useful in describi.
The application of whole life costing in PFI/PPP projects

The concept of private finance initiative (PFI), later known as public-private partnership (PPP), was introduced into the UK in the early 1990s. Under the PFI/PPP scheme, a special purpose vehicle (SPV) from the private sector is generally responsible to design, build, finance and operate a public project for 20-30 years. For this reason, an emphasis is placed on the use of whole life approaches, such as whole life costing (WLC) or life cycle costing (LCC). However, few studies to date have investigated the application of WLC/LCC in PFI/PPP projects. Therefore, there is a knowledge gap in this particular field. To bridge the gap, an empirical investigation was made in the UK. The aim of this study was to explore PFI/PPP practice in terms of WLC/LCC. This study adopted a combination of a literature review, two case studies and a questionnaire survey. Qualitative data collected from the case studies and quantitative data collected from the questionnaire survey are analysed in this paper. The analysis of empirical data shows a wide embrace of WLC/LCC in PFI/PPP projects due to full control over lifetime expenditure and long-term value for money. Although WLC/LCC has been widely applied in PFI/PPP projects today, there are still some factors that affect its successful application. In order to overcome the barriers, efforts are needed from both public clients and private companies. The success of WLC/LCC in PFI/PPP practice depends on client driven optimisation, good awareness of WLC/LCC, encouragement of WLC/LCC through competitive bidding, integration of all key stakeholders into WLC/LCC, early involvement of construction and facilities management (FM) teams in design, well-established procedures and methodologies, reliability and accuracy of data, and regular monitoring the implementation of WLC/LCC.
MIINA HÄMÄLÄINEN THE EFFECT OF BIPHASIC ELECTRIC CURRENT ON ADULT MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS CULTURED ON POLYPYRROLE SURFACE

TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Master’s Degree Program in Materials Engineering HÄMÄLÄINEN, MIINA: The effect of biphasic electric current on mesenchymal stem cells cultured on polypyrrole surface Master of Science Thesis, 68 pages October 2011 Major: Biomaterials Examiners: Professor Minna Kellomäki and Dr. Suvi Haimi
2 Specifying and Implementing Systems with DPC

Distributed systems are hard to get right, model, test, debug, and teach. Their textbook definitions, typically given in a form of replicated state machines, are concise, yet prone to introducing programming errors if näıvely translated into runnable implementations. In this work, we present Distributed Protocol Combinators (DPC), a declarative programming framework that aims to bridge the gap between specifications and runnable implementations of distributed systems, and facilitate their modeling, testing, and execution. DPC builds on the ideas from the state-of-the art logics for compositional systems verification. The contribution of DPC is a novel family of program-level primitives, which facilitates construction of larger distributed systems from smaller components, streamlining the usage of the most common asynchronous message-passing communication patterns, and providing machinery for testing and user-friendly dynamic verification of systems. This paper describes the main ideas behind the design of the framework and presents its implementation in Haskell. We introduce DPC through a series of characteristic examples and showcase it on a number of distributed protocols from the literature.
Framework for an Analysis of Slovene Regional Language Variants on Twitter

The rapid rise of computer-mediated communication has allowed regional language variation to flourish in written form, opening new doors both for dialectological studies as well as natural language processing. In this paper, we present the methodology and framework for a linguistic analysis of Slovene regional language variants on Twitter. We describe the creation and sampling of a dataset stratified by region, present a preliminary typology of non-standard Slovene language elements on Twitter, and propose an approach to measure regional specificity and dispersion of non-standard language elements in computer-mediated communication.
Use of RAPD Markers to Characterize Salt and Drought Lines of Sugarcane

Present experiment carried out to evaluate variability at molecular level between parent and salt and drought tolerant mutant developed by application of selection pressure in tissue culture. Ethyl Methane Sulphonate treated embryogenic calli of sugarcane. Calli were cultured on a selective medium containing NaCl (100 mM) and PEG (2%) for development of salt and drought tolerant plants separately, primer OPK-4 produced maximum 12 bands out of which one was polymorphic. The primer OPK-20 produced 3 monomorphic bands out of total 9 bands. Primer OPK-10 produced maximum polymorphism (100%) followed by primer OPK-04 (91.67%), OPK-15 (88.89%) and OPL-03 (88.89%). Line 8 had showed maximum genetic variation to the parental plant (0.543) followed by line 10 (0.556) and line 2 (0.565). The regenerants of Co 99004 were divided into two clusters, which placed lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and control into first cluster whereas, line 8 and 10 into second cluster. The dendrogram also divided maximum salt tolerant and drought tolerant lines into two clusters suggesting that salt regenerants completely different from drought tolerant lines. Maximum salt and drought tolerant lines placed away from the control supporting the polymorphism revealed by the RAPD profile.