Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insulin targeting to the regulated secretory pathway after fusion with green fluorescent protein and firefly luciferase.

We have prepared recombinant cDNAs encoding chimaeras between human preproinsulin (sp.B.C.A., for B-, Connecting- and A-peptides) and a thermostable mutant of green fluorescent protein (GFPS65T,V163A, GFP*). The subcellular localization of the expressed chimaeras was monitored in living insulin-secreting INS-1 beta-cells by laser scanning confocal microscopy. When GFP* was fused at the immediate N-terminus of the B-chain (sp.[GFP*].B.C.A.myc) two distinct patterns of fluorescence were apparent. In 1530/1740 cells examined, fluorescence was confined to a reticular, exclusively extranuclear structure, and closely co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum marker, calreticulin. However, 210/1740 (12.1%) of cells displayed punctate fluorescence, which partially co-localized with the trans-Golgi network marker, TGN 38, and with the dense core secretory granule marker, phogrin. Since secretion of GFP* fluorescence into the medium could not readily be measured, we prepared a chimaera in which firefly luciferase was fused at the C-terminus of proinsulin (sp.B.C.A.myc.[Luc]). This chimaera displayed a distribution closely similar to that of sp. [GFP*]. B.C.A. myc, but with a lower proportion (15/310, 4.8%) of the cells showing clear punctate distribution. At substimulatory glucose concentrations (3 mM) secretion of sp.B.C.A.myc. [Luc] could not be detected (rate of release into the medium identical with that of the cytosolic Renilla reniformis luciferase), indicating that the chimaera did not enter the constitutive secretory pathway. However, elevated (30 mM) glucose stimulated the release of the sp.B.C.A.myc. [Luc] luciferase chimaera, without a detectable effect on R. reniformis luciferase release. These data suggest that fusion of insulin, and the much larger photoproteins GFP* and luciferase, leads predominantly to misfolding and retention in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, the properly folded chimaeras are apparently still correctly targeted to the regulated, rather than the constitutive, secretory pathway. These chimaeras should therefore be valuable tools to monitor the exocytosis of insulin in real time.
A New Heterolobosean Amoeboflagellate, Tetramitus dokdoensis n. sp., Isolated from a Freshwater Pond on Dokdo Island in the East Sea, Korea

The genus Tetramitus is a representative amoeboflagellate group within the Heterolobosea, and currently contains over a dozen species. Here, a new heterolobosean amoeboflagellate was isolated from a freshwater pond on Dokdo Island, Korea. The amoebae have eruptive pseudopodia, no uroidal filament, and a nucleus with a central nucleolus. The length and width of the amoebae are 15.5–28.0 μm and 5.4–12.6 μm, respectively. The flagellates are conical, with 4 flagella of equal length (~10 μm). There is a discrete rostrum in the subapical region of the flagellate form. The cyst has thin endo‐ and ectocyst layers and no cyst pores. The amoeba shows slow movement at 37 °C, but does not move at 42 °C under a light microscope. Phylogenies of the 18S rRNA gene and the ITS1‐5.8S rRNA gene‐ITS2 sequence show that the strain belongs to a subclade of Tetramitus that includes Tetramitus rostratus, Tetramitus waccamawensis and Tetramitus entericus, amongst others. Nonetheless, the strain is distinct from other species in both molecular phylogenetic trees. Thus the strain isolated from the Dokdo Island is proposed as a novel species, Tetramitus dokdoensis n. sp.
PinPad: Touchpad Interaction with Fast and High-Resolution Tactile Output

We explored new interaction scenarios that can be realized when a touchpad outputs fast and high-resolution spatio-temporal tactile patterns to the touch-sensitive skin on the fingertips of a user. We first constructed a special tactile multi-touch touchpad called PinPad, which was capable of outputting fast and high-resolution tactile patterns using a 40 x 25 array of actuated pins. We then developed various interaction scenarios that could be realized using the prototype: 1) Tactile Target, 2) Guide and Constraint, 3) Multi-finger Output, and 4) Dynamic Partition. To evaluate the PinPad scenarios, we implemented demo applications, and conducted interviews with users to collect feedback about their experiences with PinPad and the PinPad scenarios. The participants confirmed the effectiveness of spatio-temporal outputs of PinPad in the scenarios. In particular, they provided diverse feedback regarding the unique tactile experiences of the fast and high-resolution outputs of PinPad.
A Transcriptional and Metabolic Framework for Secondary Wall Formation in Arabidopsis1

Network analyses reveal metabolic pathways associated with secondary cell wall synthesis and provide a framework for a better understanding of plant biomass formation. Plant cell walls are essential for plant growth and development. The cell walls are traditionally divided into primary walls, which surround growing cells, and secondary walls, which provide structural support to certain cell types and promote their functions. While much information is available about the enzymes and components that contribute to the production of these two types of walls, much less is known about the transition from primary to secondary wall synthesis. To address this question, we made use of a transcription factor system in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) in which an overexpressed master secondary wall-inducing transcription factor, VASCULAR-RELATED NAC DOMAIN PROTEIN7, can be redirected into the nucleus by the addition of dexamethasone. We established the time frame during which primary wall synthesis changed into secondary wall production in dexamethasone-treated seedlings and measured transcript and metabolite abundance at eight time points after induction. Using cluster- and network-based analyses, we integrated the data sets to explore coordination between transcripts, metabolites, and the combination of the two across the time points. We provide the raw data as well as a range of network-based analyses. These data reveal links between hormone signaling and metabolic processes during the formation of secondary walls and provide a framework toward a deeper understanding of how primary walls transition into secondary walls.
Simplified simultaneous assay of total plasma homocysteine and methionine by HPLC and pulsed integrated amperometry.

Measurement of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) can be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of cobalamin or folate deficiency and is emerging as an independent predictor in many vaso-occlusive diseases (1). As clinical interest in this metabolite grows, the demand for simple and efficient methods of determination has increased. In some situations, a methionine-loading test may be conducted to evaluate homocysteine catabolism, but methionine is rarely measured concomitantly, because it usually requires a different assay methodology altogether. In homocystinuria caused by cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency, circulating methionine is often increased, whereas homocystinuria resulting from a relative deficiency of the remethylation pathway is characterized by hypomethioninemia (2). In our previously reported serum assay for tHcy (3), we used the DX-500 Ion Chromatograph (Dionex Canada), outfitted with two pumps (in parallel), valves, and two columns (a 4 × 50 mm OmniPac PCX-500 precolumn and a 4 × 250 mm OmniPac PCX-500 analytical column) plumbed in series to permit “heart-cut” trapping of tHcy (4). However, with the ED40 electrochemical detector set for pulsed integrated amperometry (PIA) mode, any compound with a reduced sulfur atom, including methionine, will generate a signal proportional to concentration (5). In our initial procedure, the disulfide reduction procedure with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) (6) was the most labor-intensive step and constituted a substantial source of …
indexes? of glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity The hot IVGTT two-compartment minimal model:

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , December 1, 2003; 285 (6): R1340-R1354. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Dale A. Schoeller and Joseph W. Kemnitz Theresa A. Gresl, Ricki J. Colman, Thomas C. Havighurst, Lauri O. Byerley, David B. Allison, restriction and body fat in adult male rhesus monkeys Insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness from three minimal models: effects of energy [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , May 1, 2005; 288 (5): E1038-E1046. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Kevin M. Krudys, Michael G. Dodds, Stephanie M. Nissen and Paolo Vicini glucose production during the hot IVGTT Integrated model of hepatic and peripheral glucose regulation for estimation of endogenous [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , November 1, 2005; 289 (5): E909-E914. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Chiara Dalla Man, Andrea Caumo, Rita Basu, Robert Rizza, Gianna Toffolo and Claudio Cobelli minimal model Measurement of selective effect of insulin on glucose disposal from labeled glucose oral test [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , January 1, 2006; 290 (1): E177-E184. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Paolo Magni, Giovanni Sparacino, Riccardo Bellazzi and Claudio Cobelli estimation Reduced sampling schedule for the glucose minimal model: importance of Bayesian [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , January 1, 2008; 294 (1): E15-E26. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Ranganath Muniyappa, Sihoon Lee, Hui Chen and Michael J. Quon limitations, and appropriate usage Current approaches for assessing insulin sensitivity and resistance in vivo: advantages,
Student Nurse Stress in the Preceptorship Experience

Student nurses appear to experience significantly more stress during their academic preparation than they do during the first year of employment. Preceptorship is among the most stressful of student experiences. It is within the context of a challenging and at times daunting work environment that two complete strangers (preceptor and student) strive to accommodate one another within a professional capacity. If the relationship between preceptor and student is less than successful, not only can it be frustrating and disheartening, but it can result in student stress and disillusionment about nursing and an inability to integrate and learn. Using a hypothetical case, the authors discuss the importance of student assessment, close communication between faculty and preceptors, and quick responses to student stress as a means by which to circumvent the serious potential of student burnout in the practice setting.
Cometabolism of m-chlorobenzoate by an Arthrobacter.

Twenty isolates representing nine bacterial genera were obtained from enrichment cultures and were shown to cometabolize one or more of 22 substituted benzoates. One of the isolates, an Arthrobacter sp. , cometabolized m-chlorobenzoate to a product identified as 4-chlorocatechol by thin-layer chromatography and ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. The data indicate that cometabolism by the arthrobacter results from the formation of products by its benzoate-oxiding enzyme system that are not acted upon by the catechol-metabolizing enzymes of the bacterium.
A hybrid computer-aided tuning method for microwave filters with asymmetrical phase shift effects

A hybrid tuning method for microwave filters with asymmetric phase shift effects is presented in this paper. This novel tuning technique is based on the combination of the modified Cauchy method and aggressive space mapping (ASM) technique. After remove the phase shift effect, Cauchy method is applied to determine the characteristic polynomials of the filter's response. Then the parameters (coupling matrix) of the low-pass prototype is extracted from the characteristic polynomials. The aggressive space mapping is used to optimized the fine model to guarantee that each step of a tuning is always in the right direction. The validity is verified by a fourth order Chebyshev filter tuning example.
An Upper Bound for Constrained Ramsey Numbers

Let $s$ and $t$ be integers satisfying $s \geq 2$ and $t \geq 2$. Let $S$ be a tree of size $s$, and let $P_t$ be the path of length $t$. We show in this paper that, for every edge-colouring of the complete graph on $n$ vertices, where $n=224(s-1)^2t$, there is either a monochromatic copy of $S$ or a rainbow copy of $P_t$. So, in particular, the number of vertices needed grows only linearly in $t$.
Hydration and sweating responses to hot‐weather football competition

During a football match played in warm (34.3 ± 0.6 °C), humid (64 ± 2% rh) conditions, 22 male players had their pre‐match hydration status, body mass change, sweat loss and drinking behavior assessed. Pre‐match urine specific gravity (1.012 ± 0.006) suggested that all but three players commenced the match euhydrated. Players lost 3.1 ± 0.6 L of sweat and 45 ± 9 mmol of sodium during the 90‐min match and replaced 55 ± 19% of their sweat losses and hence by the end of the game were 2.2 ± 0.9% lighter. The water volume consumed during the game was highly variable (1653 ± 487 mL; 741–2387 mL) but there was a stronger relationship between the estimated pre‐game hydration status and water volume consumed, than between sweat rate and water volume consumed. In a second match, with the same players 2 weeks later in 34.4 ± 0.6 °C, 65 ± 3% rh, 11 players had a sports drink available to them before and during the match in addition to water. Total drink volume consumed during the match was the same, but approximately half the volume was consumed as sports drink. The results indicate that substantial sweat water and electrolyte losses can occur during match play in hot conditions and a substantial water and sodium deficit can occur in many players even when water or sports drink is freely available.
Efficacy of rifampin in treatment of meningococcal carriers.

Abstract Since the emergence of sulfadiazine resistance among meningococci, no antimicrobial agent has been uniformly effective in eradication of these micro-organisms from carriers. Rifampin, a new antibacterial agent with a high degree of activity against meningococcal growth in vitro, was evaluated in a double blind-placebo study in known meningococcal carriers. Administration of 600 mg daily for four days reduced the carrier rate by 93.3 per cent, and this effect was sustained for four weeks. During the study period, the carrier rate among subjects receiving placebo fell only 13.4 per cent. Rifampin appears superior to currently available antimicrobial agents in elimination of meningococci from known carriers.
Dynamic Load-balancing Using Prediction in a Parallel Object-oriented System

In this paper, a replication-based parallel object model will be presented first, where object replication is used to improve the performance of load-balancing and to reduce the cost of object migration. After that, a threshold-based dynamic load-balancing strategy, that makes use of the object replication, will be introduced. The paper will then focus on a performance prediction model that is used in the decision making of the dynamic load-balancing strategy. The prediction model monitors the runtime behavior of an invoked method and estimates the execution time of its subsequent invocations. It helps the dynamic load-balancing strategy to make wiser decisions on whether or not to migrate objects in order to achieve better performance. A detailed simulation system is constructed to evaluate the performance of the proposed dynamic load-balancing strategy and the prediction model. Experimental results of the simulation will also be discussed in the paper.
Inhibitory control as a factor of adaptive functioning of children with mild intellectual disability

Bearing in mind that the adaptive behaviour is one of the defining parameters of intellectual disability, determining of the influence of inhibitory control on adaptive functioning in children with mild intellectual disability was defined as a basic aim of this research. The sample covered 95 children with mild intellectual disability (MID), of both genders, from 10 to 14 years of age. By analysis of the data of schools’ pedagogical-psychological departments, data on age and intellectual abilities of participants were collected. Inhibitory control was estimated by Go no Go task, consisted of Conflict Response and Response Delay sets. Adaptive skills data were gained on the basis of a standardized interview with special education teachers, by applying of AAMR Scale of adaptive functioning. On the basis of factor analysis, Scale scores were grouped in five factors: Personal independence, Social Independence, Personal and Social Responsibility, Social Adaptability and Personal Adaptability. Significance of relations among the observed variables was established by Pearson’s correlation coefficient, by partial correlation coefficient and multifactorial variance analysis. Based on the analysis of results a statistically significant relationship between errors in the execution of tasks that belong to the set of conflict motor responses and adaptive functioning (p ≤ 0.000) was established. The relationship between errors that belong to the set of the response delay, and adaptive functioning is not statistically significant (p = 0.324). Inhibition of the interference response is a significant factor of practical (partial η 2 = 0.227), conceptual (partial η 2 = 0.341) and social (partial η2 = 0.131) adaptive skills, while the response delay is significantly associated with the conceptual skills (p = 0.029) only. Inhibitory control did not prove itself a significant factor in behaviour problems of externalizing and internalized type. Key words: mild intellectual disability, inhibitory control, adaptive functioning
A monocistronic transcript for a trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein

Many protein-encoding genes of African trypanosomes are transcribed as large polycistronic pre-mRNAs that are processed into individual mRNAs containing a 5' spliced leader and 3' poly(A). The 45- to 60-kb pre-mRNAs encoding some variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs) contain as many as eight unrelated coding regions. Here we identify the promoter for a metacyclic VSG gene that is expressed without duplication in a bloodstream trypanosome clone. This 70-bp promoter is located 2 kb upstream of the telomere-linked VSG gene and directs the synthesis of a monocistronic VSG pre-mRNA lacking the 5' spliced leader. Its sequence only slightly resembles those of other known trypanosome promoters, but it does cross-hybridize with several related sequences elsewhere in the genome. These results suggest that a new class of trypanosome promoters has been found, whose function is to initiate monocistronic transcription of those VSG genes normally expressed during the metacyclic stage.
T2- TAM:Reusing infrastructure resource to provide parallel testing for NoC based Chip

Reusing Network-on-Chip (NoC) as Test-Access-Mechanism (TAM) has been adopted to transfer test data to embedded cores. However, an observation shows that compared to NoC-reuse TAM, some bus-based TAM are able to achieve better results in test time due to its fine-grained scheduling unit. This paper proposed a new TAM named Test Tree(T2). T2TAM could be built by reusing the hardware resources of routers instead of reusing the packet-based NoC. Though implementing DFT design on routers, the T2TAM can achieve wire utilization and adopts fine-grained basic scheduling. Besides, to address the problem of testing large number of homogeneous cores, T2-TAM is proposed to facilitate multicasting stimuli to homogeneous cores to save test time. Experimental results show that the test cycles could be reduced up to 38% in comparison with the work reusing NoC as TAM with only 0.3% DFT overhead.
A new fuzzy adaptive control for a Quadrotor flying robot

Widespread application of unmanned flying robots to provide military and nonmilitary requirements is depend on their ease of application. If various equipments such as camera and graspers are installed on a flying robot, the dynamic model will be changed. Hence, it is necessary to adapt the controller to the changes of dynamic model of flying robot. In this paper, a new fuzzy adaptive controller is designed for the flight control of a Quadrotor. The fuzzy PID controller has been implemented on the robot through Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) simulation in LabVIEW software. The fuzzy rules are defined as well as range of membership functions. Finally, the performance of controller is experimentally verified and the results are concluded.
Energy Informatics for Environmental, Economic and Societal Sustainability: a Case of the Large-Scale Detection of Households with Old heating Systems

Energy utility companies hold a great potential to improve sustainable practices, as they have access to large amounts of energy consumption data that can be translated into actionable insights toward individual consumers. We investigate the role of energy informatics based artifacts for utility companies to (i) profile households and to individually address customers that have a large potential to elevate their energy efficiency and (ii) at the same time create revenue by purchasing energy efficient goods and related services. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the predicted attributes of millions of households can, in turn, contribute to the economic, environmental, and societal value creation for energy suppliers, utility customers, and the community as a whole. For our empirical study on the detection of households with old heating systems, we cooperated with a large energy supplier in Belgium. The results are used for targeted positioning of new heating systems in a cross-selling campaign and may serve as a blueprint for related data analytics artifacts in this field.
Asymptotic equivalence between two score tests for haplotype‐specific risk in general linear models

Grant sponsor: NIH; Grant numbers: CA63464, GM58897, HG002790. Correspondence to: Daniel O. Stram, Division of Biostatistics and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St., Room 220G, Los Angeles, CA 90033. E-mail: stram@usc.edu Received 26 January 2005; Accepted 4 May 2005 Published online 15 July 2005 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/gepi.20087
Reading chipless RFID located on metallic platforms by using cross-polar scattering

Aim of this paper is to design a fundamental building block of a spectral domain chipless RFID system based on cross-polar scattering. A novel chipless tag able to provide multi-frequency polarization conversion is proposed. The tag is able to convert the polarization of impinging electromagnetic fields at multiple frequencies guaranteeing good polarization conversion both for vertical, horizontal and oblique azimuthal incidence without introducing additional unwanted high-order resonances. The use of such tags allows a very low-cost tagging of very large metallic platforms regardless of their dimensions and their huge echo.