Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polarization-based skin cancer detection in vivo

Recently optical imaging is focused on non-invasive methods which could be automated and provide diagnostics in vivo. Coherence and polarization encoding the wave phase transformation create additional channels of information compared with the amplitude-based techniques. The modification of polarization properties like depolarization, birefringence, and diattenuation are the subject of polarimetry. One of the depolarization metrics is the Degree of Polarization (DOP), which represent the fraction of polarized light maintained while light propagates in media, ranging from 1 for fully polarized to 0 for totally depolarized light. After constructing a one-shot Stokes polarimetry probe, we conducted a preliminary clinical trial including 20 benign, 28 malignant skin lesions. Also 59 normal skin sites where tested. Using DOP as a diagnostics criterion we were able to separate Malignant Melanomas against all other lesions. Another depolarization metric tested was the Polarization Memory Rate (PMR) which characterizes the decay of circularly polarized light relative to linearly polarized light as light propagates in a medium. PMR demonstrates a strong diagnostics potential separating all cancer against benign lesions.
A dynamic lighting system for workplaces deficient of daylight

This study introduces a new dynamic lighting system exceptional from typical indoor lighting solutions. The main highlights of the tested system are the variable colour temperature and the vertical lighting. Typical modern office lighting is gas tube fluorescent lighting with a fixed colour temperature. The authors used a previously developed dynamic lighting model and tested an experimental lighting panel at workplaces deficient of daylight. The selected building was an atrium type with workrooms facing the inner courtyard being the focal point of this study. The authors presumed workers in such office places to show most improvement under the intervention period. Twelve people participated in the experiment. The subjects’ workplaces were improved with experimental dynamic lighting set-ups and their experience recorded using a questionnaire and a computerized reaction speed test. By the end of the experiment half of the subjects reported having benefited at least to some degree from the dynamic lighting panel. Those people reported having an improved general well-being as well feeling more productive. Analysis of reaction-speed tests also showed some improvement.
Online estimation of workpiece height by least squares support vector machines in wire electrical discharge machining

When machining workpieces with complicated and intricate shapes by wire electrical discharge machining, the workpiece height usually varies along a machining path. To ensure a stable and efficient machining, the machining parameters must be appropriately tuned based on the estimated workpiece height. Though an offline workpiece height estimation model can be established by traditional support vector regression with a satisfactory accuracy, the offline model is unable to cover all possible machining conditions. In this paper, least squares support vector machine is proposed to build up online a workpiece height estimation model. Due to the use of equality constraints in the formulation of least squares support vector machine, all data points are treated as support vectors, thus sparsity is lost as compared with traditional support vector machine. For online applications, a low computational load as well as a limited memory storage are required for an online algorithm. To meet the requirements of online workpiece height estimation, two measures are thus adopted. One is the use of a projection method which measures the relevance of a new data point with existing basic vectors by calculating its residue. The residue is used as criteria for admission of the new data point as a new member of the basic vector set. The other is the restriction on the size of the basic vector set. Removal of an insignificant basic vector is determined by its contribution to the model, which is measured by its coefficient in the model (or support value). Experimental results show that, by online learning, the estimation model can achieve an estimation error less than 2 mm at smooth parts of a workpiece. Based on the estimated workpiece height, proper machining parameters can be set and a stable machining can be achieved.
Microjet Flow Control Effectiveness of Cavity Configurations at Low Speeds

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the aeroacoustics of open- and closed-cavity configurations with and without flow control using microjets at low speeds. The cavity models had length-to-depth ratios of 2, 10, and 18, representing open, transitional, and closed cavities, respectively. The investigation was carried out at a flow speed of 16 meters per second. The microjet effectiveness was tested for jet velocities of 8, 16 and 24 meters per second. The vortex shedding aft of the trailing edge was reduced when the microjet velocity was equal to that of the freestream (16 meters per second). The results from the transitional cavity experiment, with a length-to-depth ratio of 10, showed that either higher microjet velocities or different locations of the microjets may be required to have any significant effect on the cavity flow characteristics.
Flying-capacitor stacked multicell multilevel voltage source inverters: analysis and modelling

The aim of this study is to investigate the natural voltage balancing dynamics of the single/three-phase stacked multicell converters (SMCs). First, explicit analytic solutions for switching functions’ implicit equations, which are, utilised in modulating of the SMCs operated under phase disposition phase shifted carrier pulse width modulation (PD-PSC-PWM) technique whereas being initiated from the Kepler's transcendental equation, are derived. Next, utilising above-mentioned calculated Kapteyn (Fourier–Bessel)-based infinite series, a time-variant differential equation-based analytical model for single/three-phase SMCs is suggested. This strategy reduces to a model that can facilitate the analytic investigation of the start-up behaviour, dynamic response and natural voltage balancing phenomenon for SMCs owning any number of voltage-levels and phase numbers. Furthermore, it is also inferred that under the PD-PSC-PWM modulation technique, the flying-capacitor (FC) voltages balance naturally for higher number of stacks and cells, hence substantiating that the natural balancing exists for high-level SMCs. Moreover, precise analysis of the experimental observations reveals that settling time of the FC voltages in the positive and negative stacks positioned in the immediate vicinity of the SMC's midpoint is higher than the settling time of the FC voltages in the correspondent positive and negative stacks outlying the SMC's midpoint.
Partisan Differences in Legislators’ Discussion of Vaccination on Twitter During the COVID-19 Era: Natural Language Processing Analysis

Background The COVID-19 era has been characterized by the politicization of health-related topics. This is especially concerning given evidence that politicized discussion of vaccination may contribute to vaccine hesitancy. No research, however, has examined the content and politicization of legislator communication with the public about vaccination during the COVID-19 era. Objective The aim of this study was to examine vaccine-related tweets produced by state and federal legislators during the COVID-19 era to (1) describe the content of vaccine-related tweets; (2) examine the differences in vaccine-related tweet content between Democrats and Republicans; and (3) quantify (and describe trends over time in) partisan differences in vaccine-related communication. Methods We abstracted all vaccine-related tweets produced by state and federal legislators between February 01, 2020, and December 11, 2020. We used latent Dirichlet allocation to define the tweet topics and used descriptive statistics to describe differences by party in the use of topics and changes in political polarization over time. Results We included 14,519 tweets generated by 1463 state legislators and 521 federal legislators. Republicans were more likely to use words (eg, “record time,” “launched,” and “innovation”) and topics (eg, Operation Warp Speed success) that were focused on the successful development of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Democrats used a broader range of words (eg, “anti-vaxxers,” “flu,” and “free”) and topics (eg, vaccine prioritization, influenza, and antivaxxers) that were more aligned with public health messaging related to the vaccine. Polarization increased over most of the study period. Conclusions Republican and Democratic legislators used different language in their Twitter conversations about vaccination during the COVID-19 era, leading to increased political polarization of vaccine-related tweets. These communication patterns have the potential to contribute to vaccine hesitancy.
Roads to Success: The Career Attainment Experiences of Lawyers With Visual Impairments in South Korea

Problem: Disability issues have long been a topic at the margins of HRD research and have rarely been examined outside the United States context or with a focus on a specific disability type. Additionally, largely due to a homogeneous national culture, people with disabilities in South Korea experience unique barriers in career development. Solution: The authors report the findings of a multiple case study on the career attainment experiences of lawyers with visual impairments in South Korea. Data analyzed from interviews with five participants showed that various individual (perseverance, identity as a person with a visual impairment, self-advocacy, and strategic mindset) and social (family and peer support, reasonable accommodation, precedent, and having a leader with a vision for inclusion) factors contributed to their career attainment. Stakeholders: The findings of this study can aid organizational leaders, hiring managers, HRD practitioners in charge of providing reasonable accommodations, and educators of people with disabilities.
Teacher's Perceptions about the Usefulness of IT Labs Project in Schools of Punjab, Pakistan

ICTs can provide relevant and high quality knowledge and this knowledge helps students in field work. A strong ICT framework in education is an essential for knowledge- based development. The Punjab IT Labs was the first project of its type launched by the provincial government of Punjab. 4286 computer labs were established in public secondary schools of province Punjab in 2009 under this Project. The objective was to investigate the views of teacher about the usefulness of Punjab IT Labs Project. The population of the study was included all teachers of Govt. Secondary and Higher Secondary Schools equipped with IT labs in Punjab. Six (6) districts were selected randomly among all 36 districts for study. Data was collected by developing survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was consists of questions designed to collect data concerning perceptions of teacher about the usefulness of Punjab IT Lab Project. A five points Likert scale questionnaire was adopted for measuring teachers’ perceptions about the usefulness of Punjab IT Lab Project. SPSS 19 was used to analyze the data. Most of the teachers do not use IT Lab due to lack of time and lack of knowledge about computer. The study recommended that the teachers should be provided training about computers. There is also need to provide technical support and maintenance fund to get better results of this mega project.
Estimate of input energy for elasto‐plastic SDOF systems during earthquakes based on discrete wavelet coefficients

The response of an elasto‐plastic single degree of freedom (SDOF) system to ground motion is estimated based on wavelet coefficients calculated by discrete wavelet transform. Wavelet coefficients represent both the time and frequency characteristics of input ground motion, and thus can be considered to be directly related to the dynamic response of a non‐linear system. This relationship between the energy input into an elastic SDOF system and wavelet coefficients is derived based on the assumption that wavelets deliver energy to the structure instantaneously and the quantity of energy is constant regardless of yielding. These assumptions are shown to be valid when the natural period of the system is in the predominant period range of the wavelet, the most common scenario for real structures, through dynamic response analysis of a single wavelet. The wavelet‐based estimation of elastic and plastic energy transferred by earthquake ground motion is thus shown to be in good agreement with the dynamic response analysis when the natural period is in the predominant range of the input. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seat Cushion Design for Elderly Whe Based on Minimization of Soft Tissue Using Stiffness and ressure Mea

A method for designing seat support surfaces using interface pressure and soft tissue stiffness criteria was evaluated. An algorithm designed to drive a rigid support surface on a programmable seating system to a shape for which the externally applied pressure is inversely related to the measured stiffness of adjacent soft tissue was evaluated on 30 elderly subjects (age 65 years or older). The resulting support surface shapes were transferred to compliant foam cushions and evaluated using interface pressure measurements. Pressure and stiffness measure- ments on the seating system indicated the surface shape control algorithm met the desired programmed criteria by achieving an inverse relationship between pressure and stiffness, as it converged to an "optimal" support surface shape. Evaluation of interface pressures on the compliant foam cushions showed that the pressure distributions on the cushions contoured to the opti- mal surface shapes were more uniform and had lower values than distributions on flat foam cushions and foam cushions contoured to shapes measured using state-of-the-art load-deflection devices. The results suggest that support surfaces designed using tissue stiffness as a criteria can provide loading conditions intended to minimize relative deformation and, thus, stress in load-bearing soft tissue.
Wide-Band True Time Delay Phase Shifter Devices

Fiber optic links in microwave and millimeter wave region have recently been demonstrated. Integration of these links into systems require the development of fiber optic devices such as novel true time delay devices. Most of the currently available fiber optic time delay components provide for constant, fixed time delays. Many applications on the other hand, such as optically controlled phased arrays, would require variable time delays for phase shifting purposes. This paper is concerned with variable time delay devices and their systems integration.
Monitoring Climate Impacts on Annual Forage Production across U.S. Semi-Arid Grasslands

The ecosystem performance approach, used in a previously published case study focusing on the Nebraska Sandhills, proved to minimize impacts of non-climatic factors (e.g., overgrazing, fire, pests) on the remotely-sensed signal of seasonal vegetation greenness resulting in a better attribution of its changes to climate variability. The current study validates the applicability of this approach for assessment of seasonal and interannual climate impacts on forage production in the western United States semi-arid grasslands. Using a piecewise regression tree model, we developed the Expected Ecosystem Performance (EEP), a proxy for annual forage production that reflects climatic influences while minimizing impacts of management and disturbances. The EEP model establishes relations between seasonal climate, site-specific growth potential, and long-term growth variability to capture changes in the growing season greenness measured via a time-integrated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) observed using a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The resulting 19 years of EEP were converted to expected biomass (EB, kg ha−1 year−1) using a newly-developed relation with the Soil Survey Geographic Database range production data (R2 = 0.7). Results were compared to ground-observed biomass datasets collected by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and University of Nebraska-Lincoln (R2 = 0.67). This study illustrated that this approach is transferable to other semi-arid and arid grasslands and can be used for creating timely, post-season forage production assessments. When combined with seasonal climate predictions, it can provide within-season estimates of annual forage production that can serve as a basis for more informed adaptive decision making by livestock producers and land managers.
MEASURING RIPPLE EFFECT OF NATURAL LANGUAGE REQUIREMENTS CHANGE FOR ULS DYNAMIC REQUIREMENTS

Ultra Large Scales Systems (ULS) or Ecosystems are growing dramatically alongside their interactions and dependencies among other system components, change management needs new tactics. As consider one change or more in ULS requirements may result in a lot of side effects in other running or planned requirements that could be called “Ripple Effect”. Different ULS elements are affected in this type of environments varying from RE workers, Change Requesters and Involved parties those can be called ‘Crowed Sourcing” contributors in ULS environment. To challenge such problems, in this paper, we suggest a new methodology for requirements change evolution to able to measure the impact of several changes on ULS requirements which are represented by a Natural Language utilizing Similarity models. This paper reports on initial results of such an empirical study of Requirements change that led to ripple effects across an entire ULS environment, our case study around one of ecosystems for ERP with around 4480 stored requirement statements and closed to around 22 connected subsystems. We have used Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Similarity Models to support the model
A Novel 3D Hierarchical Plasmonic Functional Cu@Co3O4@Ag Array as Intelligent SERS Sensing Platform with Trace Droplet Rapid Detection Ability for Pesticide Residue Detection on Fruits and Vegetables

Rapid and effective detection of pesticide residues from complex surfaces of fruits and vegetables has important significance. Herein, we report a novel three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous functional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate, which is fabricated by successive two-step hydrothermal synthesis strategy of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and cobalt oxide nanowires (Co3O4 NWs) on the 3D copper foam framework as Cu@Co3O4@Ag-H. The strategy offers a new avenue for localized plasmonic materials distribution and construction, which exhibits better morphology regulation ability and SERS activity (or hotspots engineering) than physical spurring obtained Cu@Co3O4@Ag-S. The developed Cu@Co3O4@Ag-H possesses large surface area and rich hotspots, which contributes to the excellent SERS performance, including homogeneity (RSD of 7.8%), sensitivity (enhancement factor, EF of 2.24 × 108) and stability. The Cu@Co3O4@Ag-H not only provides plenty of Electromagnetic enhancement (EM) hotspots but also the trace detection capability for droplet rapid sensing within 2 s. Cu@Co3O4@Ag-H substrate is further developed as an effective SERS sensing platform for pesticide residues detection on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables with excellent LOD of 0.1 ppm, which is lower than the most similar reported works. This work offers new potential for bioassay, disease POCT diagnosis, national security, wearable flexible devices, energy storage and other related fields.
Whole-Genome Resequencing of Near-Isogenic Lines Reveals a Genomic Region Associated with High Trans-Lycopene Contents in Watermelon

Trans-lycopene is a functional phytochemical abundant in red-fleshed watermelons, and its contents vary among cultivars. In this study, the genetic basis of high trans-lycopene contents in scarlet red flesh was evaluated. Three near-isogenic lines (NILs) with high trans-lycopene contents were derived from the scarlet red-fleshed donor parent DRD and three coral red-fleshed (low trans-lycopene contents) recurrent parents. The lycopene contents of DRD (589.4 ± 71.8 µg/g) were two times higher than that of the recurrent parents, and values for NILs were intermediate between those of the parents. Coral red-fleshed lines and F1 cultivars showed low trans-lycopene contents (135.7 ± 18.0 µg/g to 213.7 ± 39.5 µg/g). Whole-genome resequencing of two NILs and their parents and an analysis of genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed three common introgressed regions (CIRs) on chromosomes 6, 9, and 10. Twenty-eight gene-based cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were developed from the CIRs. The CAPS markers derived from CIR6 on chromosome 6, spanning approximately 1 Mb, were associated (R2 = 0.45–0.72) with the trans-lycopene contents, particularly CIR6-M1 and CIR6-M4. Our results imply that CIR6 is a major genomic region associated with variation in the trans-lycopene contents in red-fleshed watermelon, and CIR6-M1 and CIR6-M4 may be useful for marker-assisted selection.
Telecommunications Regulation Handbook

February 2011 – SKU 32489 The Telecommunications Regulation Handbook is essential reading for anyone involved or concerned by the regulation of information and communications markets. In 2010 the Handbook was fully revised and updated to mark its tenth anniversary, in response to the considerable change in technologies and markets over the past 10 years, including the mobile revolution and web 2.0. The Handbook reflects modern developments in the information and communications technology sector and analyzes the regulatory challenges ahead. Designed to be pragmatic, the Handbook provides a clear analysis of the issues and identifies the best regulatory implementation strategies based on global experience. T e n th A n n iv e rs a ry E d it io n Tenth Anniversary Edition
A SURVEY OF HEALTH AND USAGE MONITORING SYSTEM IN CONTEMPORARY AIRCRAFT

 Abstract— Health and usage monitoring systems (HUMS) is a generic term given to activities that utilize data collection and analysis techniques to help ensure availability, reliability and safety of vehicles. Activities similar to, or sometimes used interchangeably with, HUMS include condition-based maintenance (CBM) and operational data recording (ODR). In this paper, a Survey has been conducted on the present usage of H.U. M.S. in contemporary aircraft. The paper broadly explains the purpose, function, working principle, and the objectives of using HUMS in the Aircraft Industry.
A human eye model based on bimorph flexible mirror

In this presentation a model of human eye based on bimorph flexible mirror is introduced. We demonstrate experimental data of reproducing low- and high-order aberrations typical for human eye with RMS error about 5%. The presented temporal spectra of measured human eye aberrations have the main power within the range of 10 Hz. We discuss the possibility to reproduce it with our eye model. We show invalidity for the ophthalmic calibration purposes to use analytical equation based on thin lens formula. We show that proper analytical equation suitable for calibration should have dependence on the square of the distance increment and we illustrate this both by experiment and by Zemax Ray tracing modeling.