Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Risk Assessment Methods within the Scope of Occupational Safety in the Construction Sector

Occupational health and safety (OHS) history dates back to ancient human history due to a decrease the occupational accidents and diseases. Human is obliged to do work in order to sustain life. The works in general consist of the works done with body strength. OHS is a basis to reduce occupational accidents in an acceptable level, and it covers employee health, safety, and welfare in the workplace. There are certain or uncertain risks in terms of workplace structure and location. OHS investigates the actions to be taken to minimize these risks on the basis of workplace safety. Workers exposed to occupational hazards have a higher risk of developing work-related illnesses and injuries. Risk assessment is one of the most important structures in terms of identifying and evaluating the risks to which the employee and employer are exposed. Comparisons of risk assessment methods, which are divided into two categories as quantitative and qualitative, in the scope of occupational health and safety and the detailed analysis of the study, the differences between the methodologies have been revealed and accordingly, the and the necessary applications have been put forward. Occupational safety risk assessment is mandatory for the implementation of risk control in the workplace, professional activities and protection of worker health. The employer can carry out this work in-house or by taking external services. The aim of this study is to compare the risk assessment methods used in the analysis of hazards and risks that may arise in terms of occupational health and safety and to evaluate their effectiveness in determining the measures to be taken as a result.
Localization of radioactive source using a network of small form factor CZT sensors

We present a small factor (0.5 cm3) CZT static sensor network consisted of a number of Non-Directional Detectors (NDD) capable to localize bare and lightly shielded radiation sources. The localization is performed with a fusion algorithm based on a fast analytical technique. The algorithm has been tested using simulated data and verified with experimental data from a static 137Cs source of 7 MBq. The localization accuracy of the order of 15 cm has been archived in 3D for bare sources and of the order of 20 cm in 2D for light shielded sources within a monitored volume of 5 m × 2.8 m × 2 m.
Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and Performance of Selected Commercial Banks in Anambra State, Nigeria

The apparent non-recognition of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) by formal organizations' reward mechanisms which negatively affect employees’ disposition to engage in OCB in the focused firms necessitated this study. The broad objective of the study was to determine the relationship that exists between OCB and Performance of selected Commercial Banks in Anambra State. The study was anchored on Relational Coordination Theory by Jody Hoffer Gittell in 2011. Correlation Survey Research Design was employed for the study. The population of the study was 172 consisting of employees of the selected Banks and complete enumeration was adopted. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used for data analysis at 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that there was a significant positive relationship existing between altruism and coordination (r = 0.962, P-value <0.05). The study concluded that OCB contributes significantly to the performance of the selected organizations. It was recommended therefore that the management of the focused organizations should encourage employees to engage in OCB through formal recognition systems.
Micropropagation of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. an important medicinal plant

A rapid micropropagation protocol was established for Gynura procumbens(Lour.) Merr. , an important medicinal plant for the treatment of various ailments such as diabetes, hypertension and urinary tract infection. The nodal segments of one year old mature plants was used as the explants for the initiation of axillary branching using Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium (MS) supplemeted with 2mg l–1 BA. Rapid proliferation of shoots was achieved by culturing the in vitroshoots derived from the nodal segments onto MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l-1 BA and 0.5 mg l–1 NAA. An average of 18.2 ± 0.6 shoots were produced from each shoot explant. All the micro-shoots produced normal roots within two weeks of culture on the basic MS medium without any plant growth regulators. All the rooted plantlets of G. procumbens (100%) survived when they were planted into Jiffy-7 and placed on a shaded place with a temperature of 27 - 30oC for two weeks. An average of 95 – 98% of the acclimatized plantlets survived after two weeks of transferring into the organic soil: sand mixture (1:1). All the in vitroderived plants displayed normal developement as that of the mother plants when they reached mature stage. Key words: Medicinal plant,micropropagation,nodal segment,shoot proliferation.
Policing through social media: a qualitative exploration

Social media, in the past decade, has been used to hold police accountable for their actions. There has been, however, a paucity of empirical research into how law enforcement uses social media. To explore this issue, this paper uses qualitative data emerging from ethnographic research conducted in a Southern American state. Participant observations of police officer deployments were paired with semi-structured interviews with officers from three law enforcement agencies. The extent and ways in which these officers used social media is explored. Findings indicate that social media is used to bring positive attention to law enforcement agencies and aid criminal investigations. Although the positive impact of social media was highlighted in these experiences, persistent problems and challenges also featured in the data. Finally, officer insights were drawn upon to make recommendations for future policing policy and research.
The stable carbon isotope signature of methane produced by saprotrophic fungi

Abstract. Methane (CH4) is the most abundant organic compound in the atmosphere and is emitted from many biotic and abiotic sources. Recent studies have shown that CH4 production occurs under aerobic conditions in eukaryotes, such as plants, animals, algae, and saprotrophic fungi. Saprotrophic fungi play an important role in nutrient recycling in terrestrial ecosystems via the decomposition of plant litter. Although CH4 production by saprotrophic fungi has been reported, no data on the stable carbon isotope values of the emitted CH4 (δ13C-CH4 values) are currently available. In this study, we measured the δ13C values of CH4 and carbon dioxide (δ13C-CO2 values) emitted by two saprotrophic fungi, Pleurotus sapidus (oyster mushroom) and Laetiporus sulphureus (sulphur shelf), cultivated on three different substrates, pine wood (Pinus sylvestris), grass (mixture of Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, and Festuca rubra), and corn (Zea mays), which reflect both C3 and C4 plants with distinguished bulk δ13C values. Applying Keeling plots, we found that the δ13C source values of CH4 emitted from fungi cover a wide range from −40 to −69 mUr depending on the growth substrate and fungal species. Whilst little apparent carbon isotopic fractionation (in the range from −0.3 to 4.6 mUr) was calculated for the δ13C values of CO2 released from P. sapidus and L. sulphureus relative to the bulk δ13C values of the growth substrates, much larger carbon isotopic fractionations (ranging from −22 to −42 mUr) were observed for the formation of CH4. Although the two fungal species showed similar δ13CH4 source values when grown on pine wood, δ13CH4 source values differed substantially between the two fungal species when they were grown on grass or corn. We found that the source values of δ13CH4 emitted by saprotrophic fungi are highly dependent on the fungal species and the metabolized substrate. The source values of δ13CH4 cover a broad range and overlap with values reported for methanogenic archaea, the thermogenic degradation of organic matter, and other eukaryotes.
Economic impact modelling of smart specialization policy: Which industries should prioritization target?

In this paper we argue that it is necessary to apply economic impact models in smart specialization policy in order to come up with reliable economic impact estimations. Solutions suggested in the smart specialization (S3) literature for economic impact assessments cover the economic effects only partially. To estimate the impacts in the industrial, regional and national dimensions in their entirety the application of specifically designed economic models becomes necessary. We extended the geographic macro and regional (GMR)‐Hungary policy impact model with additional features to make this model applicable for S3 economic impact estimations. In our policy simulations we illustrate how the application of this model helps policy‐makers in the prioritization process. En este articulo se sostiene que es necesario aplicar modelos de impacto economico en las politicas de especializacion inteligente a fin de obtener estimaciones fiables del impacto economico. Las soluciones sugeridas en la literatura sobre especializacion inteligente (S3, por sus siglas en ingles) para las evaluaciones del impacto economico solo incluyen parcialmente los efectos economicos. Para estimar en su totalidad los impactos en las dimensiones industrial, regional y nacional se hace necesaria la aplicacion de modelos economicos disenados especificamente para ello. Se amplio el modelo de impacto de la politica geografica macro y regional (GMR) de Hungria con caracteristicas adicionales para poder aplicar este modelo a las estimaciones de impacto economico de las soluciones para la especializacion inteligente. En nuestras simulaciones de politicas se ilustra como ayuda la aplicacion de este modelo a los responsables politicos en el proceso de asignacion de prioridades. 本稿では、信頼性のある経済的影響評価を得るためには、スマート・スペシャリゼーション政策に経済的影響モデルを適用する必要があることを論じる。 経済的影響評価のためのスマート・スペシャリゼーション(S3)の研究論文で提言されている解決策は、経済効果に対して部分的にしか対応していない。 産業、地域、国の次元で全体の影響を評価するには、特異的にデザインされた経済モデルを適用することが必要となる。 地理的マクロと地域(GMR)‐ハンガリー政策影響モデルをS3経済影響評価に適用できるように機能を追加して拡張した。 政策シミュレーションを行い、このモデルの適用により、政策立案者が優先順位付けのプロセスにおいてどのように支援されるかを示した。
Subverting perceptions of academic and professional learning with drama

ABSTRACT What is the impact on student learning when Education is taught through the Arts in a diploma level bridging course? This paper describes and analyses the experiences of 350 students when the expectation of a first-semester, first-year unit in an Education course is to devise and perform an ethnodrama – a drama based on the lives of the students themselves. The students, many of whom have had negative experiences of education, are challenged to think of learning as physical as well as intellectual and emotional. Influenced by Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed, and August Boal’s Theatre of the Oppressed, the authors encouraged risk-taking and playfulness in class in order to develop students’ understandings of personal agency, capacity, and responsibility. Participation in the Drama, although very challenging for many students, resulted in increased confidence as learners and as individuals, increased collaborative skills, empathy, respect for others, and a sense of empowerment.
Information system security policy noncompliance: the role of situation-specific ethical orientation

PurposeThis study examines how neutralization strategies affect the efficacy of information system security policies. This paper proposes that neutralization strategies used to rationalize security policy noncompliance range across ethical orientations, extending from those helping the greatest number of people (ethics of care) to those damaging the fewest (ethics of justice). The results show how noncompliance differs between genders based on those ethical orientations.Design/methodology/approachA survey was used to measure information system security policy noncompliance intentions across six different hypothetical scenarios involving neutralization techniques used to justify noncompliance. Data was gathered from students at a mid-western, comprehensive university in the United States.FindingsThe empirical analysis suggests that gender does play a role in information system security policy noncompliance. However, its significance is dependent upon the underlying neutralization method used to justify noncompliance. The role of reward and punishment is contingent on the situation-specific ethical orientation (SSEO) which in turn is a combination of internal ethical positioning based on one's gender and external ethical reasoning based on neutralization technique.Originality/valueThis study extends ethical decision-making theory by examining how the use of punishments and rewards might be more effective in security policy compliance based upon gender. Importantly, the study emphasizes the interplay between ethics, gender and neutralization techniques, as different ethical perspectives appeal differently based on gender.
Development of parallel structures of differential tasks of mathematical physics

The paper is devoted to the construction of parallel forms of mathematical models of a tridiagonal structure. Two methods of discretization of differential problems are considered by the example of solving the mathematical physics equation. Moreover, the application of the numericalanalytical straight line method and sweep methods to parallelization of mathematical models with a tridiagonal structure allows constructing its exact node-by-node solutions with the maximum parallel form and the least implementation time on parallel computing devices. This paper proposes to apply finite-difference and numerical-analytical methods in combination with the splitting method as a methodological basis for constructing numerical methods for solving such problems. The splitting method provides an economical and sustainable implementation of numerical models by the scalar sweep method. For such systems, acceptable acceleration in most cases is achieved by parallelizing operations in the corresponding sequential method, forming linear sections. It is convenient to implement the parallelization algorithm and its mapping to parallel computing systems on the two schemes proposed in this paper: finite-difference and numericalanalytical. This approach allows arranging separate determination of the thermophysical characteristics of the structures’ material, i.e. allows obtaining solutions of coefficient and other inverse problems of thermal conductivity. The proposed approach to the development of methods, algorithms and software can be applied in various branches of metallurgical thermal physics, economics, as well as for environmental problems of the metallurgical industry.
An Azimuth Ambiguity Suppression Method Based on Local Azimuth Ambiguity-to-Signal Ratio Estimation

Azimuth ambiguity greatly affects the image quality and application of synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Several azimuth ambiguity suppression methods have been proposed; however, these methods cannot remove the ambiguity completely and only the first-order ambiguity has been considered. Hence, in this letter, a novel method based on Wiener filtering and local azimuth ambiguity-to-signal ratio (AASR) estimation for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-order azimuth ambiguity suppression is proposed. The Wiener filtering is used to attenuate the ambiguity energy. Then the original image and the filtered image are combined to estimate local AASR, which is used to identify the ambiguity pixel. Finally, the ambiguity can be removed via interpolation. Through this method, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-order ambiguity energy can also be suppressed to a lower level, and simultaneously, the consistency, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio of an SAR image are maintained. Furthermore, in order to verify the practicability of the proposed method, it has been tested on the GaoFen-3 image and TerraSAR-X image.
COI Gene: A Reliable Tool for Tracing the Phylogeny in Sphingid Moths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae

In the current study, a partial sequence of 536 bp (approx) of COI gene for seven species belonging to family Sphingidae were analysed. The study was conducted on a collection of moths from northern India, mainly in the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Punjab. The sequences have been added to the database at GenBank NCBI. The analysis showed mean K2P divergence of 0.59% at intraspecific level, 6.3% at interspecific and 12.2% at intergeneric level. The analysis showed a hierarchal increase in K2P mean divergence across different taxonomic levels giving an intraspecific range of 0.0% to 3.6%, interspecific range of 5.8% to 9.3% and intergeneric range of 8.6% to 13.8%.
Detection and Condition Assessment of Icicle Bridging for Suspension Glass Insulator by Image Analysis

Icicles generated on the insulator sheds will constantly shorten the insulating gap distance between adjacent sheds as growth, thereby inducing significant decrease in electrical insulation of the insulators, icicle bridging even threatening the operating security of power systems. In order to evaluate whether the ice-covered insulator needs to deicing or the icicles bring in potential dangers, a study on detection and condition assessment of icicle bridging for ice-covered suspension glass insulator by image analysis is proposed in this article. First, the initial icicles regions are obtained by the local variation threshold segmentation algorithm based on the optimized texture energy image. Second, the insulator sheds are segmented and extracted based on the normalized color difference operator, and then the complete icicles regions are obtained through the image difference and postprocessing. Finally, the icicle length is calculated by finding its smallest axis-parallel enclosing rectangle, and two adjacent insulator sheds spacing which is calculated by ellipse fitting is used as bridging threshold, so the condition of icicle bridging can be defined as the safe, observation, and danger. The results demonstrate that the icicles can be effectively enhanced and accurately segmented by the presented method in this article, and the icicle bridging condition of ice-covered insulator can be assessed with average detection accuracy of 92.2% and average time consumption of 3.910 s, by which the safe operation of ice-covered insulator can be monitored and guaranteed.
Estimation with unknown inputs and uncertainties for sampled-data systems based on quasi sliding mode

In this work, we consider the problem of simultaneously estimating the system states and unknown inputs in a linear sampled-data system, whose dynamics is influenced by external disturbances and uncertainties. Hardware limitations prevent an estimation scheme for a sampled-data system from achieving finite-time convergence, which is a typical property of existing sliding mode observers for dynamical continuous-time systems, because the sampling period is finite. Due to the sampling process, an approximate implementation of such an observer, designed for a continuous-time system, may not retain the desired performance in the sampled-data context. In this paper, we present an observer which takes advantage of the quasi-sliding motion concept to simultaneously estimate the state variables and the unknown input signals in a sampled-data context. A theoretical study is conducted to formally justify the convergence properties of the observer whilst simulation results are provided to show the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
3D Spatial Reuse of Multi-Millimeter-Wave Spectra by Ultra-Dense In-Building Small Cells for Spectral and Energy Efficiencies of Future 6G Mobile Networks

The sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks are expected to operate at a higher frequency to achieve a wider bandwidth and to enhance the frequency reuse efficiency for improved spectrum utilization. In this regard, three-dimensional (3D) spatial reuse of millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectra by in-building small cells is considered an effective technique. In contrast to previous works exploiting microwave spectra, in this paper, we present a technique for the 3D spatial reuse of 28 and 60 GHz mmWave spectra by in-building small cells, each enabled with dual transceivers operating at 28 and 60 GHz bands, to enhance frequency reuse efficiency and achieve the expected spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) requirements for 6G mobile networks. In doing so, we first present an analytical model for the 28 GHz mmWave spectrum to characterize co-channel interference (CCI) and deduce a minimum distance between co-channel small cells at both intra- and inter-floor levels in a multistory building. Using minimum distances at both intra- and inter-floor levels, we find the optimal 3D cluster size for small cells and define the corresponding 3D spatial reuse factor, such that the entire 28 and 60 GHz spectra can be reused by each 3D cluster in each building. Considering a system architecture where outdoor macrocells and picocells operate in the 2 GHz microwave spectrum, we derive system-level average capacity, SE, and EE values, as well as develop an algorithm for the proposed technique. With extensive numerical and simulation results, we show the impacts of 3D spatial reuse of multi-mmWave spectra by small cells in each building and the number of buildings per macrocell on the average SE and EE performances. Finally, it is shown that the proposed technique can satisfy the expected average SE and EE requirements for 6G mobile networks.
Influence of glide path size and operating kinetics on time to reach working length and fracture resistance of Twisted File adaptive and Endostar E3 nickel-titanium file systems

Objectives This study investigated the influence of glide path size and operating kinetics on the time to reach the working length and the fracture resistance of Twisted File (TF) and Endostar E3 files. Materials and Methods A total of 120 mandibular single-rooted premolars were selected. Two methods of kinetic motion (TF adaptive and continuous rotary motion) and file systems (TF and Endostar E3) were employed. The files were used in root canals prepared to apical glide path sizes of 15, 20, and 25. The time taken to reach the working length and the number of canals used before the instrument deformed or fractured were noted. Fractured instruments were examined with scanning electron microscopy. Results The TF system took significantly more time to reach the working length than the Endostar E3 system. Both systems required significantly more time to reach the working length at the size 15 glide path than at sizes 20 and 25. A greater number of TFs than Endostar E3 files exhibited deformation, and a higher incidence of instrument deformation was observed in adaptive than in continuous rotary motion; more deformation was also observed with the size 15 glide path. One TF was fractured while undergoing adaptive motion. Conclusions No significant difference was observed between continuous rotary and adaptive motion. The TF system and adaptive motion were associated with a higher incidence of deformation and fracture. Apical glide path sizes of 20 and 25 required significantly less time to reach the working length than size 15.
A blind proposed 3D mesh watermarking technique for copyright protection

ABSTRACT Watermarking provides an efficient mechanism for copyright protection of digital media by embedding information in the object to identify the owner. This paper proposed a watermarking technique that can successfully embed a grey-scale image in a 3D mesh object. In our proposed technique, each three vertices of the 3D object can hide one pixel from the secret image. The experimental results showed that the proposed technique has better visual quality on both the watermarked object and the extracted secret image.