Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simplified Performance Evaluation Methods for Cushioning Materials

To evaluate quantitatively the performance of cushioning materials, a cushion curve is indispensable. However, the desired cushioning effect may sometimes be absent when we use the cushion curve to design a transport package. In addition, to plot the cushion curve, massive dynamic compression tests are traditionally necessary. Thus, large amounts of labor and material resources are required. Therefore, we used expanded polyethylene and laminated-board cushion as test materials to represent typical cushioning materials, and proposed simplified performance evaluation methods based on certain dynamic compression tests. An analysis of the experimental results showed that to obtain a more accurate packaging design, the shearing effect must be taken into account when using the cushion curve; For both plastic and paper cushions, new proposed performance evaluation methods significantly reduce the number of dynamic compression tests needed to accurately evaluate an actual packaging design.
Ohmic losses calculation in SMPS transformers: numerical study of Dowell's approach accuracy

The paper compares two methods for ohmic losses calculation in switch-mode power supply transformers: Dowell's 1D approach and 2D finite element method simulations (validated by measurements). Dowell's method underestimates losses at the fundamental frequency for foil windings, whereas harmonic losses are generally overestimated (depending on conductor type). More significant differences are found with high leakage inductance transformers.
Aeroengine noise investigated from flight tests

Over one hundred acoustic flyover tests were performed with an Airbus A319 in 2004 with the objective to improve some existing aircraft noise prediction tools developed by DLR to investigate noise abatement procedures. The present paper deals with the noise emission of the two CFM56-5A5 engines and some installation effects. The analysis is based on acoustic dedopplerized spectra and localization maps calculated with the pressure signals of a phased array of 168 microphones. This study shows that the prediction of jet mixing noise collapses reasonably well with the measurements, a modal analysis of buzzsaw tones based on the farfield directivity gives results in agreement with the theory of buzz-saw tone generation, the amplitude of the blade passing frequency tone depends on the slat/flap settings and airspeed but not on the landing gear position. As outlook some preliminary results calculated with a source amplitude assessment method are presented.
Preliminary test of Medisoft 4: control software for the Medipix2 read-out chip

We present here preliminary tests of Medisoft 4, a software procedure for the control and the read-out of the single photon counting radiation imaging systems based on the Medipix2 chip (256/spl times/256 pixels, 55 /spl mu/m pitch). The system has been developed in the framework of the Medipix2 collaboration. This hardware and software system is the successor of the system based on the Medipix1 photon counting chip (64/spl times/64 pixels, 170 /spl mu/m pitch). Following the Medipix system evolution, Medisoft 4 allows the user to access the new implemented features, such as the higher resolution, the faster data communication rates, the daisy-chain multichip mode, the energy windowed acquisition, the continuous acquisition mode, the double signal polarity (holes and electrons), etc. The readout of the data from the Medipix2 chip is presently via the chip serial bus through a MUROS2 interface board and a commercial I/O board, but parallel read-out via a MPRS dedicated interface is also foreseen. The current version (Medisoft 4.0) - here the subject of preliminary tests connected via MUROS2 to a Medipix2 chip not bump-bonded to any detector - reads out only single chips and features a reduced set of functionalities. Future versions will read up to eight chips in daisy chain and provide full system performance, including high frame rate acquisitions and spectroscopic imaging. After description of the Medipix2 chip, its read-out interfaces and the Medisoft 4 software architecture, we show the results of preliminary software tests on serial communication protocol and speed with MUROS2 and Medipix2, analogue test-input, internal DACs calibration, threshold uniformity.
HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE CLASSIFICATION BASED ON MANIFOLD DATA ANALYSIS AND SPARSE SUBSPACE PROJECTION

Aiming at the problem of "dimension disaster" in hyperspectral image classification, a method of dimension reduction based on manifold data analysis and sparse subspace projection (MDASSP) is proposed. The sparse coefficient matrix is established by the new method, and the sparse subspace projection is carried out by the optimization method. To keep the geometric structure of the manifold, the objective function is regularized by the manifold learning method. The new method combines sparse coding and manifold learning to generate features with better classification ability. The experimental results show that the new method is better than other methods in the case of small samples.
The Impact of Effective Microorganisms on Flesh Color and Chemical Composition of Raw Potato Tubers

The objective of this study was to develop an innovative method of potato cultivation, with limited use of chemicals, for use in food processing. The results of the research are based on field experiments carried out between 2015 and 2017 at the Experimental Station in Parczew, Poland. The first-order factors were cultivation practices: A—standard cultivation practices with fungicides to control potato blight; and cultivation practices B, C, and D using the application of effective microorganisms (EM). The potato varieties were the second-order factor. The scope of the research included assessing the flesh color of the raw tubers and the content of dry mass, sugars and vitamin C. The color measurement of raw tubers was carried out using the CIEL *a *b* system. Cultivation methods using applications of effective microorganisms contributed significantly to the change in color brightness of the raw tuber flesh compared to the standard methods. The flesh color of the research potato cultivar tubers, their trichromatic coordinates and the reactions of potato varieties were determined according to the cultivation practices used. It was found that the brightness of the color of raw tuber flesh depends on the content of dry matter and the content of reducing sugars in the tubers.
Fuzzy Approach to Prequalifying Construction Contractors

Construction contractor prequalification (CCPQ) is a crucial decision making process to select capable potential bidders and ensure the success of construction projects. The purpose of CCPQ is to guarantee a contractor's characteristic to meet the construction project's requirements, which has been established worldwide as a standard practice. However, existing methods, i.e., marking method, subjective judgment method, etc., for contractor prequalification have been inadequate because it is difficult for decision makers to investigate contractor's capabilities against inexact, vagueness, and qualitative criteria. The objective of this paper is to propose a fuzzy framework-based fuzzy number theory to solve construction contractor prequalification issues, which include decision criteria analysis, weights assessment, and decision model development. Finally, a case study for a tunnel construction project was used to demonstrate the feasibility of fuzzy approaches.
The Implication Inferred from the Expression of Small Heat-Shock Protein Genes in Dinoflagellate Resting Cysts Buried in Marine Sediment

Dinoflagellates are unicellular eukaryotic microalgae, occupying pivotal niches in aquatic ecosystems with great ecological, biological, and economic significance. Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are the most omnipresent, but the least conserved, family of molecular chaperones found in all domains of life. Although their common name (small Hsp) implies to exclusively stress their heat shock-responsive function, many sHsps in fact engage in a variety of physiological processes, from cell growth and proliferation to embryogenesis, development, differentiation, apoptosis, and even to human disease prevention. Recent years have greatly expanded our understanding of sHsps in higher plants; however, comprehensive study aiming to delineate the composition and expression pattern of dinoflagellate sHsp gene family has not yet been performed. In this study, we constructed dinoflagellate-specific environmental cDNA library from marine sediment and sequenced using the third-generation sequencing technique. Screening of sHsp genes from the library returned 13 entries with complete coding regions, which were considered to be transcriptionally activated in the natural community of dinoflagellate resting cysts. All the 13 dinoflagellate sHsps consisted of a solely characteristic α-crystallin domain, covering 88–123 amino acid residues with the typical A-X-X-X-N-G-V-L motif, flanked by variable N- and C-terminal extensions. Multiple alignment revealed considerable amino acid divergence (~26.7% average similarity) among them. An unexpected close relationship was revealed between dinoflagellate and green algal sHsps in the phylogenetic tree, seemingly reflecting a close evolutionary relationship of these sHsps themselves. We confirmed that sHsp mRNAs are expressed during dormancy of the resting cyst assemblages of dinoflagellates that were buried in marine sediment, which raised the possibility that the sHsp expression is part of the machinery of maintaining the dormancy or/and the adaptation to ambient conditions of dinoflagellate resting cysts. Our results, although preliminary, gained an important glance on the universal presence of sHsps in dinoflagellates and their active expressions in the assemblage of resting cysts that were buried in the marine sediment. The essentiality of sHsps functioning in resting cysts necessitate more intensive and extensive investigations on all possible functions of Hsps in dinoflagellates, a group of protists with vital ecological and biological importance.
Design of structural elements : concrete, steelwork, masonry and timber design to British Standards and Eurocodes

Part One: Introduction to Structural Design Philosophy of Design Basic Structural Concepts and Material Properties Part Two: Structural Design to British Standards Design in Reinforced Concrete to BS8110/BS8500 Design in Structural Steelwork to BS5950 Design in Unreinforced Masonry to BS5628, BS EN771, BS EN845 and BS EN998 Design in Timber to BS5268 Part Three: Structural Design to the Eurocodes The Structural Eurocodes: An Introduction Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures Eurocode 6: Masonry Design Eurocode 5: Timber Design
Personality Dimensions Drive Achievement Levels of Cricket Players: A Study on the Five-Factor Model

Aim of study. Cricket is considered a mental game among elite level performers. Specific personality traits characterize elite-level endeavors and high-potential athletes. Previous studies on psychological characteristics of cricket players reported that more skilful cricketers deal more consistently and effectively with their emotions and pressure. Therefore the objective of the present study was analysis of personality traits of cricket players at national, state, and district levels with the help of Five-Factor Model. Materials and Methods. Sample size included 120 male subjects (60 batsmen and 60 pace bowlers) recruited from cricket academies/training facilities/competition venues in India. Big-Five Personality Inventory (BFI-44) was utilized to measure personality dimensions. Differences among personality variables at different competition levels of batsmen and pace bowlers were analyzed using One-way MANOVAs. Results. National level pace bowlers scored high on openness (national vs. district, Mean Difference (MD) = 4.25, p < 0.05; national vs. state, MD = 2.75, p < 0.05) and agreeableness (national vs. district, MD = 4.70, p < 0.05; national vs. state, MD = 3.40, p < 0.05). Similarly, national level batsmen scored high on extraversion (national vs. district; MD = 4.350; p < 0.05), agreeableness (national vs. state; MD = 3.70; p < 0.05), and conscientiousness (national ns. district, MD = 3.25, p < 0.05; national vs. state, MD = 3.450, p < 0.05). Conclusions. National level pace bowlers exhibited greater agreeableness and openness whereas similar level batsmen showed greater agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and conscientiousness as compared to lower levels of participation. Since the concept of “Form” demands multi-factorial approach in the game of cricket, other facets of personality such as focus, mental toughness, self-belief, optimism etc. should also be explored for effective talent identification and coaching in cricket.
Airborne SAR Autofocus Based on Blurry Imagery Classification

Existing airborne SAR autofocus methods can be classified as parametric and non-parametric. Generally, non-parametric methods, such as the widely used phase gradient autofocus (PGA) algorithm, are only suitable for scenes with many dominant point targets, while the parametric ones are suitable for all types of scenes, in theory, but their efficiency is generally low. In practice, whether many dominant point targets are present in the scene is usually unknown, so determining what kind of algorithm should be selected is not straightforward. To solve this issue, this article proposes an airborne SAR autofocus approach combined with blurry imagery classification to improve the autofocus efficiency for ensuring autofocus precision. In this approach, we embed the blurry imagery classification based on a typical VGGNet in a deep learning community into the traditional autofocus framework as a preprocessing step before autofocus processing to analyze whether dominant point targets are present in the scene. If many dominant point targets are present in the scene, the non-parametric method is used for autofocus processing. Otherwise, the parametric one is adopted. Therefore, the advantage of the proposed approach is the automatic batch processing of all kinds of airborne measured data.
EMG as an indicator of fatigue in isometrically FES-activated paralyzed muscles

The lower limb of a paraplegic patient can be analyzed as a dynamically determinate system, since the muscles there are isolated from voluntary control. Hence, when activated by functional electrical stimulation (FES), the only nonzero active muscle forces are those of the actually stimulated muscles. This unique situation allows the calculation of the muscle force from the externally measured torques and the correlation of this direct muscle output to parameters of another nature, such as metabolic or myoelectric. In the present work the authors have studied the relation between force and myoelectric activity of the FES-activated quadriceps muscles of paraplegics during the course of fatigue. Stimulation was provided by means of surface electrodes. The electromyographic (surface EMG) activity was represented by the peak-to-peak (PTP) amplitude of the M-wave signal obtained. It was important to suppress the stimulus artifact preceding the EMG signal and the authors, therefore, designed an amplifier capable of monitoring the artifact-free signal. The surface EMG and the force were sampled on line for analysis. The PTP amplitudes were correlated with the corresponding force values, simultaneously measured and a parallel decay in these two parameters was noticed. An exponential curve was found adequate to express the relationship between force and EMG PTP. The results obtained indicate the conditions under which surface EMG can be used to noninvasively monitor the quadriceps muscle fatigue during stimulation. >
Seleção de um modelo de referência de PDP para uma empresa de autopeças através de um método de auxílio à decisão por múltiplos critérios

The Product Development Process (PDP) is a critical success factor in launching a new product to meet customer requirements. The adoption of a reference model serves as a comprehensive guide to assist organizations in managing and systematization of the PDP, through standardized sequence of steps that are adapted to the type of product that the company develops. The aim of this paper is to select a reference model of the product development process for the auto part sector by establishing an aid to multi-criteria decision known as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The research method used was modeling, which before six alternatives, three criteria and trial of five experts resulted in the selection of Rozenfeld et al. (2006) reference model as the most suitable model to analyze the company's PDP selected as object of study in future research.
Pemanfaatan Citra Sentinel 2 untuk Memprediksi Sebaran Hama Wereng Cokelat di Sebagian Wilayah Kabupaten Pangandaran

Hama wereng coklat merupakan salah satu hama yang paling sering menyerang tanaman padi, pendeteksian hama ini secara akan sangat membantu dalam pengendalian hama yang efektif. Penginderaan jauh merupakan suatu sistem yang dapat merekam perubahan yang terjadi di permukaan bumi, termasuk kerusakan yang disebabkan hama. Maxent merupakan salah satu pemodelan yang dapat menggambarkan sebaran suatu spesies, dengan pemodelan ini diharapkan mampu memprediksi sebaran hama mengunakan satelit penginderaan jauh sebagai input. Dari model yang dihasilkan, probabilitas tertinggi yang didapatkan model untuk memprediksi sebaran hama adalah sebesar 0,694 dengan kinerja model yang dipresentasikan sebagai area under curve (AUC) yang memiliki nilai 0,514
Understanding of Thermal Conductance of Thin Gas Layers

We studied heat conductions in a thin gas layer at micro- and nanoscales between two straight walls by atomistic modeling. Since the Knudsen number is high while the gas may be not really rarefied, we use the generalized Enskog-Monte-Carlo method (GEMC) for simulations. The thermal conductivity of thin gas layer is reduced significantly with the decreased thickness of gas layer. We examined a few possible causes including the rarefied gas effect and the thermal inertia effect. Our careful simulations indicate that the temperature jump on wall surfaces and the properties changing significantly by the confined space are two dominating factors to the thermal conductivity reduction of thin gas layers.
Plants use rhizosphere metabolites to regulate soil microbial diversity

Specific metabolites and secondary metabolites produced by plants and soil microbes play key roles in regulating organismal behaviour. At present, the variations in soil microbial communities mediated by plant rhizosphere metabolism in arid environments are still poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the rhizosphere soil (RS) and bulk soil (BS) associated with five plant species adapted to the climate in the Mu Us Sandy Land and analysed the chemical composition of soil metabolites, microbial community composition and diversity, edaphic factors, and their relationships. Some metabolites with ecological functions (such as fatty acids, monoacylglycerides and diterpenoids) were detected in the RS and BS of the five plants. Correlation analysis results show that fatty acids and diterpenoids were significantly negatively correlated with drought‐adapted bacterial (Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi) and fungal taxa (class Glomeromycetes and family Nectriaceae), and the bacterial class Rubrobacteria and two fungal phyla Ascomycota and Glomeromycota were significantly negatively correlated with fatty acids and diterpenoids, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and Monte Carlo permutation results confirm that fatty acids and diterpenoids played critical roles in the variation in the soil microbial communities. Although soil edaphic factors (such as microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration) played important roles in shaping the microbial community, the results of partial least squares path modelling (PLS‐PM) show that plant‐mediated rhizosphere metabolism was the primary factor that affected microbial alpha and beta diversities. We conclude that plants under drought stress regulate microbial community structures by releasing certain fatty acids and secondary metabolites (such as diterpenoids). In addition, the bioactive metabolites released from the rhizosphere affect the soil microbial community more significantly and directly than edaphic factors. Overall, our study provides insight into the underground ecological processes mediated by plant rhizosphere metabolism.
Tunable lumped-distributed capacitively-coupled transmission-line filter

A wide tuning range filter is proposed based on lumped-distributed capacitively-coupled transmission lines. The proposed structure maintains a constant inter-resonator coupling factor over a wide centre-frequency tuning range leading to a constant fractional bandwidth design. A bandpass filter with a two-octave tuning range has been designed, fabricated and measured.
Effects of two alternative representations of ground‐motion uncertainty on probabilistic seismic demand assessment of structures

A probabilistic representation of the entire ground‐motion time history can be constructed based on a stochastic model that depends on seismic source parameters. An advanced stochastic simulation scheme known as Subset Simulation can then be used to efficiently compute the small failure probabilities corresponding to structural limit states. Alternatively, the uncertainty in the ground motion can be represented by adopting a parameter (or a vector of parameters) known as the intensity measure (IM) that captures the dominant features of the ground shaking. Structural performance assessment based on this representation can be broken down into two parts, namely, the structure‐specific part requiring performance assessment for a given value of the IM, and the site‐specific part requiring estimation of the likelihood that ground shaking with a given value of the IM takes place. The effect of these two alternative representations of ground‐motion uncertainty on probabilistic structural response is investigated for two hazard cases. In the first case, these two approaches are compared for a scenario earthquake event with a given magnitude and distance. In the second case, they are compared using a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis to take into account the potential of the surrounding faults to produce events with a range of possible magnitudes and distances. The two approaches are compared on the basis of the probabilistic response of an existing reinforced‐concrete frame structure, which is known to have suffered shear failure in its columns during the 1994 Northridge Earthquake in Los Angeles, California. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an adult patient with Crohn’s disease on immunosuppressive therapy

Hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma (HSTCL) is an exceedingly uncommon, aggressive peripheral T cell lymphoma comprising < 1% non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL). Despite treatments including allogeneic stem cell transplantation, median survival is < 2 years. In the majority of patients, the etiology of HSTCL is undetermined; although it has been associated with chronic immunosuppression which accounts for 20% of cases. HSTCL presents as a systemic illness, and sometimes in association with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome (HLH). Our patient is a young male with a long-standing history of Crohn’s disease on immunosuppressive medications, who presented with progressive bicytopenia. He was diagnosed with HSTCL on a bone marrow biopsy and met clinical diagnostic criteria for HLH. He was started on chemotherapy and dexamethasone per HLH treatment protocol and underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).