Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Colonization and domestication of seven species of native New World hymenopterous larval-prepupal and pupal fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids

Abstract We describe the techniques used to colonize and domesticate seven native New World species of hymenopterous parasitoids that attack flies within the genus Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae). All parasitoid species successfully developed on artificially reared Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) larvae or pupae. The parasitoid species colonized were the following: Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti), Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck), Opius hirtus (Fischer), Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) (all Braconidae, Opiinae), Aganaspis pelleranoi (Bréthes) and Odontosema anastrephae Borgmeier (both Figitidae, Eucoilinae) (all larval-pupal parasitoids), and the pupal parasitoid Coptera haywardi (Ogloblin) (Diapriidae, Diapriinae). We provide detailed descriptions of the different rearing techniques used throughout the domestication process to help researchers elsewhere to colonize local parasitoids. We also describe handling procedures such as number of hosts in parasitization units and compare optimal host and female age, differences in parasitism rate, developmental time, life expectancy and variation in sex ratios in each parasitoid species over various generations. In the case of D. crawfordi and C. haywardi we also provide partial information on mass-rearing techniques such as cage type, parasitization unit, larval irradiation dose and adult handling.
From theory to practice: itinerary of Reasons’ Swiss Cheese Model

Since the early 1990s, the Swiss Cheese Model (SCM) of the English psychologist James Reason has established itself as a reference model in the etiology, investigation or prevention of organizational accidents in many productive systems (transportation, energy, healthcare …). Based on the observation that it’s still today widely used, this article intends to revert to the history and the theoretical background of the SCM. By doing so, the article focuses on the collaboration between the psychologist (James Reason) and a nuclear engineer (John Wreathall) who happened to be at the origin of the creation and evolution of SCM. The methodology is based on an exhaustive literature review of Reason's work and the interviews of Reason and Wreathall carried out in 2014. The study suggests that the success of the model is not so much due to appropriation of the work of the psychologist by the industrial community but to a complex process of co-production of knowledge and theories. To conclude, we try to figure out whether the SCM still has a contemporary interest in accident prevention or explanation
Prediction of School Achievement by Conscientiousness , Test Anxiety , Gender , and Intelligence : The Unique Role of Chronotype

In order to extend our knowledge about school achievement and particular chronotype’s role, three studies were carried out with a grand total of 695 students. Study 1 dealt with investigating psychometric properties of the reduced version of the Persian Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ). Participants were 268 students recruited from two different universities. The correlations between the rMEQ and depression, happiness, and general health were -. 45, . 48, -. 41, respectively. Moreover, the factor analysis of the rMEQ resulted in a single-factor solution and the Cronbach’s α was . 71. In sum, the Persian rMEQ seemed to be a reliable and valid instrument to differentiate circadian types. In the second study, we included chronotype, gender, conscientiousness, and test anxiety in a structural equation model (SEM) with grade point average (GPA) as academic achievement outcome. Participants were 158 high school students and the SEM demonstrated that gender was the strongest predictor of academic achievement. Lower test anxiety predicted higher GPA in girls but not in boys. Additionally, chronotype as moderator revealed a significant association between gender and GPA for evening-types and intermediate-types, while intermediate-types showed a significant relationship between test anxiety and GPA. Our results suggested that gender is an essential predictor of academic achievement even stronger than low or absent test anxiety. Study 3 examined the predictability of school achievement employing intelligence, chronotype, conscientiousness, gender, and the main subject of study in 269 students. Results showed a positive relationship between GPA and chronotype, GPA and intelligence, and between chronotype and conscientiousness. The predictors together explained 14% of variance in GPA. The variance in school achievement was explained the most by intelligence followed by gender, main subject of study, and chronotype. Chronotype was significantly correlated with school achievement even when controlled for the effects of intelligence and conscientiousness. These findings add to our knowledge about the nature of school achievement and also about the particular role of chronotype in learning.
Ventricular Assist Device – How to Obtain Optimal Benefits?

Agata Bielecka-Dabrowa1, Maciej Banach1, Jacek Rysz2 and Gerry O’Driscoll3 1Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz 2Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz 3Department of Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant Service, Royal Perth Hospital, 1,2Poland 3Western Australia
Size-fractionated phytoplankton diversity in the NW Iberian coast: a combination of microscopic, pigment and molecular analyses

The aim of our study was to describe the diversity and dynamics of size-fractionated phytoplankton at a fixed station (P2, Ria de Pontevedra, NW Spain) from late spring to early winter. Phytoplankton successions were assessed weekly from May to November 2004 using pigment ana- lyses, light microscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridization coupled with tyramide signal ampli- fication (FISH-TSA). Periodic upwelling events triggered the development of diatom populations followed by periods of relaxation/downwelling conditions where remineralization processes (maxima of NH4 + ), raised temperatures and/or low salinity waters from rainfall favored the increase of pico- phytoplankton. Marked differences were observed between diversity and dynamics of the micro- nano (>3 µm) and pico (<3 µm) size fractions. Micro-nanoplankton organisms contributed 85% of chl a on average (range, 55 to 99%); diatoms and cryptophytes were the dominant pigment groups (~70% chl a in this size category). In the picoplankton, chlorophytes and non-chlorophytes contri- buted to an identical proportion (50%) of total picoeukaryotes determined by FISH-TSA. A large fraction of these (~65%) could be accounted for by group-specific probes. Molecular data suggested that chl b-containing picoplankton were mostly accounted for by prasinophyceans belonging to the order Mamiellales (55% of total chlorophyte cells), with Micromonas pusilla as its major component (~70% of Mamiellales, ~20% of all picoeukaryotes), similar to that found in other temperate coastal locations. In contrast, HPLC analyses severely underestimated the contribution of prasinophyceans and indicated <10% Mamiellales among chlorophytes. Among chromophytes, the haptophyte probe targeted ~25% of non-chlorophyte cells, and pelagophyceans were sporadically abundant (13% non- chlorophyte cells, May to September). After pigment analyses the main chromophytes were diatom II (chl c3-containing), pelagophyceans and haptophytes with 20, 13 and 8% of picoplanktonic chl a, respectively.
Thermally mediated control of liquid microdroplets at a bifurcation

The ability to precisely control the motion of droplets is essential in droplet-based microfluidics. It serves as the basis for various droplet-based devices. This paper presents a thermal control technique for microdroplets at a bifurcation. Control was achieved using an integrated microheater that simultaneously induces a reduction in fluidic resistance and thermocapillarity. The temperature of the heater was monitored by an integrated temperature sensor. At a bifurcation with symmetric branches, a droplet can be split into two daughter droplets of controllable sizes or entirely switched into a desired branch. The physics of this phenomenon was investigated with the help of a numerical model. Splitting and switching were demonstrated within an operational temperature range 25–38 °C. The relatively low operational temperature range allows this technique to be used for droplets containing biological samples. The present control concept is not limited to bifurcations, but can be employed in other geometries.
J C A P 1 0 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 0 6 2 ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle P hysics

We initiate the study of novel thermal dark matter (DM) scenarios where presentday annihilation of DM in the galactic center produces boosted stable particles in the dark sector. These stable particles are typically a subdominant DM component, but because they are produced with a large Lorentz boost in this process, they can be detected in large volume terrestrial experiments via neutral-current-like interactions with electrons or nuclei. This novel DM signal thus combines the production mechanism associated with indirect detection experiments (i.e. galactic DM annihilation) with the detection mechanism associated with direct detection experiments (i.e. DM scattering off terrestrial targets). Such processes are generically present in multi-component DM scenarios or those with non-minimal DM stabilization symmetries. As a proof of concept, we present a model of two-component thermal relic DM, where the dominant heavy DM species has no tree-level interactions with the standard model and thus largely evades direct and indirect DM bounds. Instead, its thermal relic abundance is set by annihilation into a subdominant lighter DM species, and the latter can be detected in the boosted channel via the same annihilation process occurring today. Especially for dark sector masses in the 10 MeV–10 GeV range, the most promising signals are electron scattering events pointing toward the galactic center. These can be detected in experiments designed for neutrino physics or proton decay, in particular Super-K and its upgrade Hyper-K, as well as the PINGU/MICA extensions of IceCube. This boosted DM phenomenon highlights the distinctive signatures possible from non-minimal dark sectors.
) 1 Surface Modification of Electroosmotic Silicon 2 Microchannel using Thermal Dry Oxidation 3

A simple fabrication method in the surface modification of electroosmotic silicon 14 microchannel using thermal dry oxidation is presented. The surface modification is done by coating 15 the silicon surface with a silicon dioxide (SiO2) layer using thermal oxidation process. The process 16 is aimed not only to improve the surface quality of the channel to be suitable for electroosmotic fluid 17 transport but also to reduce the channel width using a simple technique. Initially, the parallel 18 microchannel array with dimensions of 0.5 mm length and width ranging from 1.8 μm to 2 μm are 19 created using plasma etching on the 2x2 cm <100> silicon substrate. The oxidation of silicon channel 20 in a thermal chamber is then conducted to create the SiO2 layer. The layer properties and the quality 21 of the surface are analyzed using SEM and surface profiler, respectively. The results show that the 22 maximum oxidation growth rate occurs in the first 4 hours of oxidation time and the rate decreases 23 by time as the oxide layer becomes thicker. It is also found that the surface roughness is reduced 24 with the increase of process temperature and oxide thickness. The scallop effect on the vertical wall 25 due to plasma etching process also improved with the presence of the oxide layer. After the 26 oxidation, the channel width is reduced by ~40%. The demonstrated method is suggested for the 27 fabrication of a uniform channel cross section with high aspect ratio in sub-micro and nanometer 28 scale that will be useful for the electroosmotic flow (EOF) manipulation of the biomedical fluid 29 sample. 30
Shefﬁeld at E2E: structured prediction approaches to end-to-end language generation.

We describe the two systems, and their variations, that were submitted by the University of Shefﬁeld to the E2E NLG challenge. Our systems consist of different approaches to structured prediction for end-to-end language generation. Our ﬁrst submitted system employs imitation learning for structured prediction to explore the large search space without explicitly enumerating it. Our second submitted sys-tem uses encoder-decoder architectures to generate sequences of words. Our submitted runs for each system achieved BLEU scores of 0 . 60 and 0 . 54 respectively. On human evaluation our imitation learning model were placed in the 2nd best quality and 3rd best naturalness clusters according to Trueskill scores, while our encoder-decoder model was the best performing system on naturalness but on quality it was placed in the 5th best cluster.
Research article ANALYSIS OF TISSUE SPECIFIC DIGESTIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES FROM CUCURBITA PEPO AND LANGENARIA SICERARIA (MOLINA) STANDL

Digestive enzymes and antioxidants present in food materials act as a surplus for our digestive system. In present study, five digestive enzymes namely amylase, protease, lipase, pectinase and α -glucosidase and seven antioxidant assays for Catalase, Peroxidase, H2O2, Super Oxide Dismutase, Malondialdehyde, Carotenoid & radical scavenging were carried out from two members of cucurbitaceae family namely Cucurbita pepo (Pumpkin) and Langenaria siceraria (bottle gourd). Amongst them amylase, lipase and pectinase activity were found in C. pepo and L. siceraria. The enzyme kinetics studies revealed their maximum velocities to be 0.2631 and 0.33557 mM min -1 for Amylase and Lipase respectively. Our further studies report the presence of proteinase inhibitors and α-gluosidase inducers, while absence of amylase inhibitors and α -glucosidase inhibitors in pumpkin and bottle gourd. Present findings suggest the use of these fruits as an attractive material for further study leading to possible development of
Association Genetics of Water Relations and Growth Phenotypes in Loblolly Pine

As a part of the NSF funded Allele Discovery of Economic Pine Traits II (ADEPT2) our objective was to discover genotype-phenotype associations which explained variation in water use efficiency in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) using an association genetics approach. The association population consisted of 500 unrelated genotypes from the North Carolina State University Cooperative Tree Improvement Program and the Western Gulf Forest Tree Improvement Program. Our aim was to find significant associations from among 3900 SNPs and several phenotypes including carbon isotope discrimination and assessments of growth. Carbon isotope discrimination (C) has been observed to show moderate to high levels of heritability in several conifer species and is correlated with stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity (Johnsen et al. 1999; Brendel et al. 2002; Baltunis et al. 2008). Recent work by Gonzalez-Martinez et al. (2008) suggested that association genetics may be a successful method to discover genes influencing a complex trait such as carbon isotope discrimination.
Design and Synthesis of Toll-Like Receptor 8 Inhibitors: Optimizing the Potential Drugs for Autoimmune Diseases

3 Introduction . 4 Toll-Like Receptors . 4 TLR8 . 5 TLR8 and Autoimmune Diseases . 6 Rheumatoid Arthritis . 6 Other Systemic Autoimmune Diseases . 7 TLR8 Antagonists . 8 Methods and Results . 11 Summary of Research Design . 11 Determination of Target Molecules by Molecular Docking . 11 Synthesis of Target Compounds . 11 Analysis of Compounds by Cell Culture Assays . 14 SEAP Assay and IC50 . 14 WST Assay . 16 Discussion. 17 Future Directions . 19 Acknowledgement . 20 References . 21 Supplementary Information . 25 NMR Data . 25
The Proximal Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers in the Nonconvex Setting: Convergence Analysis and Rates

We propose two numerical algorithms for minimizing the sum of a smooth function and the composition of a nonsmooth function with a linear operator in the fully nonconvex setting. The iterative schemes are formulated in the spirit of the proximal and, respectively, proximal linearized alternating direction method of multipliers. The proximal terms are introduced through variable metrics, which facilitates the derivation of proximal splitting algorithms for nonconvex complexly structured optimization problems as particular instances of the general schemes. Convergence of the iterates to a KKT point of the objective function is proved under mild conditions on the sequence of variable metrics and by assuming that a regularization of the associated augmented Lagrangian has the Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz property. If the augmented Lagrangian has the Lojasiewicz property, then convergence rates of both augmented Lagrangian and iterates are derived.
High Density Perforation of Thin Al-Foils with Ultra Short Pulse Lasers

The need for micro scaled features in medical devices and engineering products, like holes for filtration, separation and ventilation or small structures e.g. for hydrophobic effects, is constantly increasing. The size of these structures is often in the region of 20 µm and smaller. One important aspect of the drilling or structuring process is the process stability and its influencing factors. For the laser perforation of a 15 µm thick Aluminum foil with UV ps-pulses the process limits as well as the influencing factors are investigated. The pitch of the holes within the pattern as well as the number of pulses used for the percussion drilling of each of the holes are varied. The drilled holes are evaluated by means of hole diameter and precision of the hole shape in means of circularity and ellipticity. Holes with a diameter of < 6 µm are drilled at a minimal pitch of 12 µm. The ellipticity is mainly dependent on the heat distribution, the circularity on polarization effects. In contrast to the perforation process with ns-pulses polarization effects play a major role for the perforation process with ps-pulses.
Modelling spatial dependence using kernel variogram estimators

In this work, several measures of the Nadaraya-Watson variogram estimators are established, via the L2 norm, which will allow to construct nonparametric tests for modelling the spatial dependence. In particular, we will focus on developing some approaches for assessing isotropy or testing the goodness of fit of a parametric model selected for the variogram.
FPGA Implementation of Elliptic Curve Cryptoprocessor for Perceptual Layer of the Internet of Things

Today’s developing era data and information security plays an important role in unsecured communication between Internet of Things (IoT) elements. In IoT, data are transmitted in plaintext for many reasons. One of the most common reason is the availability of hardware. Many IoT products are inexpensive components with limited memory and computational resources. Such devices might be unable to support the computationally intense cryptographic functions of asymmetrical cryptography. If designers considered the privacy implications of unencrypted data, they have limited options for encryption because of the hardware platform. Therefore the designers have to create their own security protocols or implement stripped-down versions of existing security protocols. The second option has a better chances. Evidence recommends such a modified protocol would run efficiently on small devices. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is used to ensure complete protection against the security risks such as confidentiality, integrity, privacy and authentication by implementing an Elliptic Curve Cryptoprocessor. The work focuses on high-performance Elliptic Curve Cryptoprocessor design, optimized for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation, using the concept of asymmetric and hash algorithms. A novel cryptographic algorithm consisting of matrix mapping methodology and hidden generator point theory is to be applied for encryption/decryption between the sender and receiver whereas Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) designed using Keccak Secured Hash Algorithm (SHA) algorithm is applied for the validation of the encrypted data. The proposed Cryptoprocessor operates at a minimum period of 6.980 ns and maximum frequency of 143.276 MHz. This work focuses on the practicability of public key cryptography implementation for devices connected in the perceptual layer of IoT.
UNDERSTANDING URBAN TRAFFIC FLOW CHARACTERISTICS FROM THE NETWORK CENTRALITY PERSPECTIVE AT DIFFERENT GRANULARITIES

Abstract. In this study, we analyze urban traffic flow using taxi trajectory data to understand the characteristics of traffic flow from the network centrality perspective at point (intersection), line (road), and area (community) granularities. The entire analysis process comprises three steps. The first step utilizes the taxi trajectory data to evaluate traffic flow at different granularities. Second, the centrality indices are calculated based on research units at different granularities. Third, correlation analysis between the centrality indices and corresponding urban traffic flow is performed. Experimental results indicate that urbaxperimental results indicate that urbaxperimental results indicate that urban traffic flow is relatively influenced by the road network structure. However, urban traffic flow also depends on the research unit size. Traditional centralities and traffic flow exhibit a low correlation at point granularity but exhibit a high correlation at line and area granularities. Furthermore, the conclusions of this study reflect the universality of the modifiable areal unit problem.
Intraday Stock Price Dependence Using Dynamic Discrete Copula Distributions

We investigate the intraday dependence pattern between tick data of stock price changes using a new time-varying model for discrete copulas. We let parameters of both the marginal models and the copula vary over time using an observation driven autoregressive updating scheme based on the score of the conditional probability mass function with respect to the time-varying parameters. We apply the model to high-frequency stock price changes expressed as discrete tick-size multiples for four liquid U.S. financial stocks. Our modeling framework is based on Skellam densities for the marginals and a range of different copula functions. We find evidence of intraday time-variation in the dependence structure. After the opening and before the close of the stock market, dependence levels are lower. We attribute this finding to more idiosyncratic trading at these times. The introduction of score driven dynamics in the dependence structure significantly increases the likelihood values of the time-varying copula model. By contrast, a fixed daily seasonal dependence pattern clearly fits the data less well.