Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of 3-Axial Knee Joint Torques Produced by Compression Sports Tights in Running Motion

In this paper, 3-axial knee joint torques given by compression sports tights were performed by numerical simulations using 3-dimensional computer graphics of a human model. Running motions of the human model were represented as the 3-dimensional computer graphics, and the running motions were determined by the motion capturing system of human subjects. Strain distribution on the surface of the 3-dimentional computer graphics of the human model was applied to the boundary conditions of the numerical simulations. An anisotropic hyperelastic model considering stress softening of fabric materials was implemented to reproduce the mechanical characteristics of the compression sports tights. Based on the strain-time relationships, knee joint torques in 3-dimentional coordinates given by the compression sports tights were calculated. As a result, the three types of knee joint torque generated by the compression sports tights in running motions were calculated. From the calculated results, the maximum value of flexion/extension, varus/valgus, and internal/external knee joint torques were given as 2.52, 0.59, and 0.31 Nm, respectively. The effect of compression sports tights on the knee joint was investigated.
Molecular identification and population genetic study of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Indonesia, Malaysia and Cameroon based on mitochondrial gene

Abstract. Tambunan VB, Apriyanto A, Ajambang W, Etta CE, Sahari B, Buchori D, Hidayat P. 2020. Molecular identification and population genetic study of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Indonesia, Malaysia and Cameroon based on mitochondrial gene. Biodiversitas 21: 3263-3270. Oil palm pollinating weevil Elaeidobius kamerunicus is a very important insect pollinator in oil palm plantation. However, there is still lack of information about molecular identification and population genetic study in this species. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of oil palm pollinating weevil identification using mitochondrial DNA of COI gene and to assess its genetic variation between different locations and countries. We sequenced the DNA barcode of 36 individuals of this species using the mtDNA Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene to explore their genetic variation, identity and phylogenetic relationship. The COI gene sequences generated from this study were successful in identifying E. kamerunicus. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed 3 well-supported monophyletic haplogroups of E. kamerunicus population. In addition, genetic differentiation analysis revealed that most populations from Indonesia were different from Malaysian and Cameroonian populations indicating that there was a genetic variation between the population samples from these countries. The overall E. kamerunicus used in this study were geographically structured in two regions; outside Indonesia region (Cameroon and Malaysia) and Indonesia region. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using COI gene sequence for molecular identification and population genetic study of E. kamerunicus species.
Bacterial genome architecture shapes global transcriptional regulation by DNA supercoiling

DNA supercoiling acts as a global transcriptional regulator in bacteria, that plays an important role in adapting their expression programme to environmental changes, but for which no quantitative or even qualitative regulatory model is available. Here, we focus on spatial supercoiling heterogeneities caused by the transcription process itself, which strongly contribute to this regulation mode. We propose a new mechanistic modeling of the transcription-supercoiling dynamical coupling along a genome, which allows simulating and quantitatively reproducing in vitro and in vivo transcription assays, and highlights the role of genes’ local orientation in their supercoiling sensitivity. Consistently with predictions, we show that chromosomal relaxation artificially induced by gyrase inhibitors selectively activates convergent genes in several enterobacteria, while conversely, an increase in DNA supercoiling naturally selected in a long-term evolution experiment with Escherichia coli favours divergent genes. Simulations show that these global expression responses to changes in DNA supercoiling result from fundamental mechanical constraints imposed by transcription, independently from more specific regulation of each promoter. These constraints underpin a significant and predictable contribution to the complex rules by which bacteria use DNA supercoiling as a global but fine-tuned transcriptional regulator.
Effects of Monetary Incentives on Teacher Turnover: A Longitudinal Analysis

Teacher turnover has been reported as a strong predictor for students’ academic achievement, yet little is known about the determinants of teacher turnover. Using a fixed effects model, we analyze panel data of individual teachers in North Carolina schools to test the effects of monetary incentives on teacher turnover. We find a U-shaped relationship between teacher salary and turnover, while the effects of group-based merit pay on turnover depend on salary level. Assuming that a teacher’s salary reflects their qualifications, the current study concludes that overqualified and underqualified teachers are likely to leave and that group-based merit pay causes turnover among qualified teachers.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS ON ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY IN A SUBTROPICAL FLOODPLAIN: A LONG-TERM STUDY

Large biological diversity can be observed in floodplains, which is linked to several ecosystem processes, such as productivity and nutrient cycling; among the species involved in these processes are zooplanktonic organisms. Here, we aimed to quantify the temporal trend of zooplankton, through changes in species richness and composition (β-diversity) and the abundance of individuals, in preserved and non-preserved sites of the Upper Parana River floodplain during the last 19 years, and 617 species (321 rotifers, 135 testate amoebae, 107 cladocerans, and 54 copepods) were recorded. The highest species richness was verified in 2002 and the lowest in 2016. Zooplankton richness and abundance in non-preserved sites show clear temporal homogenization, while preserved sites show cyclical fluctuations over time. The rarefaction curve showed the biodiversity potential in this floodplain. Three invasive species were recorded ( Kellicottia bostoniensis , Daphnia lumholtzi , and Mesocyclops ogunnos ). The variation in the hydrologic regime, the oligotrophication, and the reduced connectivity among the sites were the main factors interfering in the species composition over the years and leading to a reduction of the species richness and abundance. The preservation of the tributaries with pristine characteristics is very important for the mitigation of these synergistic effects under the community structure.
Studies on surface modification of polypropylene composite bipolar plates using an electroless deposition technique

A direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is predominantly noticeable because it can convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with higher energy conversion efficiency (∼65%) compared to the efficiency of traditional combustion engines (40%) and with lower emissions. Henceforth, it is one of the new electrical generators that is becoming an important source of cleaner power in modern life. One of the key obstacles in designing and assembling the DMFC is contact resistance between interfaces of fuel cell components. A major source of the contact resistance in the DMFC arises from the contact between gas diffusion layers (GDLs) and the bipolar plates (BPs). A poor interface contact decreases the actual contact area, leading to an electrical voltage drop across these interfaces. Decreasing surface resistivity of BPs is one of the major approaches to reduce contact resistance in fuel cells. Present-day methods use a polypropylene composite as BPs to replace metallic or graphite BPs to reduce the overall weight of the DMFC stack. Unfortunately, polymeric composites typically provide higher surface resistance than the other BPs do. Coating copper on polypropylene composite plates was strategically manipulated by an electroless deposition (ELD) technique to decrease surface resistance. The coating process consists of pretreatment, adhesion improvement, and electroless deposition. Prior to ELD, the surfaces of the composite plates were treated by plasma treatment and then silanization was conducted using N-3-(trimetylpropylsilyl)diethylenetriamine (TMS) to improve adhesion. Palladium(ii) chloride (PdCl2) was used as a catalyst for the ELD process. Successful modification of the surfaces was confirmed by morphology investigation via scanning electron microscopy, diagnoses of chemical surface characteristics using ATR-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), physical surface characterizations with a contact angle measurement, electrical conductivity measurements, and surface adhesion test, while also observing corrosion behavior. In order to complete a viability study of using modified copper-coated BP for the DMFC, an in situ cell performance test was conducted. The results of the experiments pave the way for a feasible modification of the BP surfaces to be considered as suitable BPs for usage in fuel cells.
Mapping Manuscript Migrations Knowledge Graph: Data for Tracing the History and Provenance of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts

The Mapping Manuscript Migrations (MMM) project transformed three separate datasets relating to the history and provenance of medieval and Renaissance manuscripts into a unified knowledge graph. The source databases are: Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts, from the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies, University of Pennsylvania; Bibale, from the Institut de recherche et d’histoire des textes (IRHT-CNRS, Paris); and Medieval Manuscripts in Oxford Libraries, from the Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford. The data consist of more than 20 million RDF triples which have been mapped to the MMM Data Model. The model combines classes and properties from CIDOC-CRM and FRBR, together with some specific MMM elements. The Knowledge Graph was created using the MMM data transformation pipeline. The MMM dataset is available from the Zenodo repository, and can be directly deployed on a SPARQL endpoint using a docker recipe. To test and demonstrate its usefulness, the MMM Knowledge Graph is in use in the MMM Semantic Portal: https://mappingmanuscriptmigrations.org .
Engines of Order

The chapter discusses central terms like ‘information’ and ‘order’, and it proposes the concept of ‘engine’ to point toward the infrastructural embeddings that have allowed techniques initially conceived for document retrieval to become pervasive mediators in online environments. While this book constitutes a humanistic exploration of technical substances rather than their practical application, the chapter pays tribute to the fact that the techniques under scrutiny have become prevalent in a specific situation, in this world and not another. To this end, the chapter discusses three critical trends: computerization, information overload, and social diversification.
Natural convection heat transfer in a baffled triangular enclosure

To reduce the natural convection heat loss from enclosures many researchers used convection suppression devices in the past. In this study a single baffle is used under the top tip to investigate numerically the natural convection heat loss in an attic shaped enclosure which is a cost effective approach. The case considered here is one inclined wall of the enclosure is uniformly heated while the other inclined wall is uniformly cooled with adiabatic bottom wall. The finite volume method has been used to discretize the governing equations, with the QUICK scheme approximating the advection term. The diffusion terms are discretized using central-differencing with second order accuracy. A wide range of governing parameters are studied (Rayleigh number, aspect ratio, baffle length etc.). It is observed that the heat transfer due to natural convection in the enclosure reduces when the baffle length is increased. Effects of other parameters on heat transfer and flow field are described in this study.
Human wayfinding behaviour and metrics in complex environments: a systematic literature review

The university campuses situated in metropolitan city centres have morphed into complex environments due to congested layout and high-rise buildings. The environmental legibility for wayfinding within these environments is a great matter of concern. These environments have a significant visual absence of dedicated traditional cues for pedestrian navigation, such as distinguishable intersections, dedicated pathways, and information signage. This study presents a systematic review of various factors affecting wayfinding behaviour in complex environments. Five keywords including ‘university campus wayfinding’, ‘cross-cultural wayfinding’, ‘virtual wayfinding’, ‘signage pictograms’ and ‘unfamiliar environment wayfinding’ have been formulated from research questions. The articles have been searched in four most relevant research databases. Out of 4257, twenty-seven articles have been selected. Factors such as environment complexity, wayfinding metrics, environmental familiarity, experimental settings, signage design, and cultural differences are critically discussed. This paper also discusses the technological contributions of virtual and augmented reality in the exploration of wayfinding behaviour.
Finding Minimal Optimal Indent Separation for Polystyrene via Instrumental Nanoindentation and FEA Method

Nanoindentation became a standard non-destructive technique to measure mechanical properties at the submicron scale of various materials. A set of empirical rules were established to guarantee the validity of the results. One of those rules is the separation between individual indents that should be 20–30 times maximum indentation depth. This paper investigates the influence of the distance between indents on the accuracy of mechanical properties for polystyrene with a view to determine minimum optimal separation that is needed to measure various material properties. A series of different depths with three different orientations was considered through both the experimental and finite element method to explore the relationship between the distance and indentation depth. Both methods demonstrated that hardness and modulus values for polystyrene keep stable with the distance approximately 15 times the maximum indentation depth for the matrix type set up, and nominal separation of 10 is enough when indents are executed in a single row or column.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Bond Volatility

This paper examines the effects of corporate social performance and bond market reactions. We find a strong positive relationship between social performance and bond volatility after controlling for bond characteristics and firm fundamentals. The empirical results are consistent for social performance strengths and concerns and are robust to alternative measures, alternative sample periods and endogeneity controls. The main mechanism is through the short-term uncertainty that social activities bring to the firm. We find that the effect is more pronounced for firms with higher information asymmetry and higher default risk and for bonds with higher rollover risk and less investor attention.
Long-term outcomes of major trauma with unstable open pelvic fractures: A population-based cohort study

Aims The aims of this study were to describe the profile and longer-term outcomes of major trauma patients with unstable open pelvic fractures. Patients and methods An observational study was performed using data from the population-based Victorian State Trauma Registry. Adult (≥16 years) major trauma patients who had sustained an unstable open pelvic fracture between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2017 in Victoria (Australia) were included. Patient demographics, injury event, severity and management data were extracted. Patients were followed up at 6, 12 and 24 months post-injury to collect information about health status, function and return to work. Results There were 67 patients. The mean (SD) age was 41.4 (18.3) years, and 66% were male. Seventy-six per cent were road traffic injuries, 96% were managed at Level 1 trauma centres and all were multi-trauma patients. A third were Tile C fractures and 80% underwent surgical stabilisation of the pelvic injury. Eighty per cent were admitted to intensive care. The in-hospital mortality rate was 9%. Most (89%) survivors were discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation facility. The proportion classified as ‘severe disability’ on the Glasgow Outcome-Scale Extended declined from 38% at 6 months to 19% at 24 months. The overall three-level EuroQoL five-dimensional instrument score increased with time indicating better health status, and 50% of patients returned to work by 24 months. Conclusions Major trauma with unstable, open pelvic fracture is rare. Low in-hospital mortality was observed. Most survived to hospital discharge and outcomes improved with time post-injury, but 75% of patients experienced persistent pain and ongoing mobility and activity restrictions.
X‐ray computed tomography: Morphological and porosity characterization of giant Antarctic micrometeorites

Giant micrometeorites (MMs; 400–2000 µm) are exceedingly rare and scientifically valuable. Three‐dimensional nondestructive characterization by X‐ray computed tomography (X‐CT) provides information on the petrography and thus petrogenesis of MMs and serves as a guide to maximize subsequent multi‐analytical studies on such precious planetary materials. Here, we discuss the results obtained by X‐CT on 22 giant MMs and the classification based on their 3‐D density contrast images. Scoriaceous and unmelted MMs have distinct porosity ranges (10–40 vol% versus 0–25 vol%, respectively). We observe a porosity variation inside scoriaceous MMs, which allows their atmospheric entry flight history to be resolved. For the first time, spinning entry is explicitly demonstrated for four partially melted MMs. Furthermore, we are able to resolve the thermal gradient in a single particle, based on porosity variation (seen as a progressive increase in pore abundance and size with higher peak temperatures). Moreover, we explore parent body alteration through the 3‐D analysis of pores distribution, showing that shock fabrics are either absent or weakly developed in our data set. Finally, owing to the detection of pseudomorphic chondrules, we estimate that the intensively aqueously altered C1 or CI‐like material could represent 18% of the MM flux at this size fraction (400–1000 µm).
A Novel Approach for the Automatic Estimation of the Ciliated Cell Beating Frequency

The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of nasal epithelial cells is interesting in chronic infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the nose and sinuses. Among the cells of the population of the nasal mucosa, ciliated cells are particularly important. In fact, the observation of these cells is essential to investigate primary ciliary dyskinesia, a rare and severe disease associated with other serious diseases such as respiratory diseases, situs inversus, heart disease, and male infertility. Biopsy or brushing of the ciliary mucosa and assessment of ciliary function through measurements of the Ciliary Beating Frequency (CBF) are usually required to facilitate diagnosis. Therefore, low-cost and easy-to-use technologies devoted to measuring the ciliary beating frequency are desirable. We have considered related works in this field and noticed that up to date an actually usable system is not available to measure and monitor CBF. Moreover, performing this operation manually is practically unfeasible or demanding. For this reason, we designed BeatCilia, a low cost and easy-to-use system, based on image processing techniques, with the aim of automatically measuring CBF. This system performs cell Region of Interest (RoI) detection basing on dense optical flow computation of cell body masking, focusing on the cilia movement and taking advantage of the structural characteristics of the ciliated cell and CBF estimation by applying a fast Fourier transform to extract the frequency with the peak amplitude. The experimental results show that it offers a reliable and fast CBF estimation method and can efficiently run on a consumer-grade smartphone. It can support rhinocytologists during cell observation, significantly reducing their efforts.
The trace formula with respect to the Grover matrix of a graph

ABSTRACT As a first step of the study of the relation between the distribution of prime, reduced cycles of a graph and the limit theorem for the probability of a quantum walk on a graph, we present a trace formula with respect to the Grover matrix that is the transition matrix of the Grover walk on a graph. We define a zeta function with respect to the Grover matrix of a graph, and differentiate the logarithm of its zeta function of a regular graph. Furthermore, we obtain a trace formula with respect to the Grover matrix by a suitable complex integral of its logarithm differential.
Impact of Renewable Energy Sources on Inertia and Frequency Response of Power Systems

With its extensive and growing use in power systems, renewable energy sources (RES) affect power system dynamics and stability. This paper presents the impact of renewable energy sources on power system dynamics, especially through their effect on reducing the system inertia. Thus, affecting power system frequency response and stability. An analysis of the effect of inertia on system frequency dynamics is presented. Also, the possibility of determining the system inertia through online measurements is discussed and illustrated with a double-bus case study. Finally some suggested solutions for enhancing power system dynamics with high penetration levels of renewables are presented. Received: 27 August 2018 Accepted: September 2018 M. A. El-Shennawy, Demonstrator, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt, (e-mail: m-a-elshenawy@mans.edu.eg ). S. A. Farghal, professor, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt A. A. Amin.S. professor, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt (e-mail: araamin@mans.edu.eg ). S. Abdelkader professor, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt (e-mail: sakader@mans.edu.eg ).