Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Addressing stereotypes of aging and interest in careers working with older adults through education

ABSTRACT Negative stereotypes about older adults are increasing and contributing to a shortage of professionals in gerontology. Building on the PEACE model (Positive Education about Aging and Contact Experiences), two experiments used education to address stereotypes associated with older adults. Participants were randomly assigned to read brief articles that: challenged stereotypes about older adults (condition 1), challenged stereotypes about careers working with older adults (condition 2), challenged both stereotypes (condition 3), or described careers in general (control; condition 4). In Study 1, 399 undergraduates in all 3 experimental conditions (vs. control participants) reported lower levels of ageism, more positive age perceptions, and more aging knowledge in an immediate and delayed (1–2 weeks) post-test. In Study 2, 446 national community participants (ages 18– 25) in all experimental conditions (vs. control participants) reported greater positive age perceptions, aging knowledge, and interest in psychology and social work careers with older adults in an immediate post-test. These findings highlight the promise of using brief online methods to challenge stereotypes, provide more positive and accurate views of aging and older adults, and increase interest in careers working with older adults. Implications are discussed.
Fine Structure in the Parameters of Dielectric and Viscoelastic Relaxations

A new method for the analysis of dielectric or viscoelastic data, the calculation of the fine structure in relaxation parameters, is described. The dielectric case is worked out in detail. Use is made of the partial derivatives of the dielectric constant with respect to temperature and frequency. It is shown how the fine structure in activation energy and frequency factor (Arrhenius) or, equivalently, the fine structure in activation enthalpy and activation entropy (Eyring) can be extracted from the data using these derivatives. Results of simulations using a Cole-Cole distribution in frequency factors and a Gaussian distribution in activation energies are discussed. The values of both relaxation parameters are accurately deconvoluted with the fine-structure method
Evaluation of a Remote Symptom Assessment and Management (SAM) System for People Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast or Colorectal Cancer: Mixed Methods Study

Background The Symptom Assessment and Management (SAM) program is a structured, online, nurse-supported intervention to support symptom self-management in people receiving adjuvant chemotherapy post surgery for breast or colorectal cancer. Objective The objective of this study was to describe the development, implementation strategy, and evaluation of the SAM system. Methods The development of the SAM program involved 3 phases. In phase 1, the web app was developed through consultation with consumers and clinicians and of the literature to ensure that the system was evidence-based and reflected the realities of receiving treatment and supporting patients through treatment. In phase 2, 7 participants recorded the severity of 6 symptoms daily over the course of 1 cycle of chemotherapy. In phase 3, 17 participants recorded their symptoms daily over the course of 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Once symptoms were recorded, participants received immediate feedback on the severity of their symptoms and self-management recommendations, which could include seeking immediate medical attention. Data on quality of life, symptom burden, anxiety and depression, distress, and self-efficacy were collected during treatment; participants’ perceptions of the SAM program were evaluated following participation via interview. Results The outcomes of the SAM project include the development of a system that is reliable and easy to use and navigate. Participants reported benefits related to using the SAM program that included feeling more in control of managing their symptoms and feeling reassured. Engagement with the system on a daily basis was variable, with some participants completing the symptom tracker daily and others engaging some of the time. The feedback from all participants was that the system was easy to navigate and the information was relevant and supportive. Conclusions The SAM program has the potential to enhance the management of symptoms for people receiving chemotherapy treatment. The system creates an accurate repository of symptoms that can be accessed easily and highlight patterns in symptom experience. These can be shared with clinicians, with patient permission, to inform and support treatment plans. The potential to predict the risk of developing severe symptoms can be developed to anticipate the need for care and support. Further considerations on how to increase engagement with the system, the value of the system for people diagnosed with other tumor types and treatment regimes, and the incorporation of the system into everyday clinical practice are needed.
Early Rule-Out Strategies in the Emergency Department Utilizing High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays.

BACKGROUND Over the past decade, intense collaboration between academic investigators and the diagnostic industry have allowed the integration of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays into clinical practice worldwide. The hs-cTn assays, with their increased diagnostic accuracy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), have facilitated the maturation of early rule-out strategies. The first iteration was complex and required the combination of a biomarker panel, the electrocardiogram, and a clinical risk score and allowed the safe rule-out of AMI in only 10% of patients with acute chest pain. In contrast, the latest iterations, including the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 0/1-h algorithm, are simple. They are based on hs-cTn concentrations only and allow the safe rule-out or rule-in of AMI in up to 75% of patients. CONTENT The purposes of this minireview are (a) to describe the best validated hs-cTn-based strategies for early rule-out of AMI, (b) to discuss the advantages and limitations of the different strategies, (c) to identify patient subgroups requiring particular attention, (d) to recognize challenges for widespread clinical implementation, and (e) to provide guidance on strategies for their safe and effective clinical implementation. SUMMARY Physicians and institutions may choose among several well-validated rule-out algorithms. The ESC 0/1-h algorithm for hs-cTnT or hs-cTnI seems to be the most attractive option today. It best balances safety and efficacy, and it has been derived and validated for all currently available hs-cTnT/I assays, facilitating widespread clinical implementation.
Enantiopure Dicyclopropanesfrom trans-Cyclohexadienediols

The protecting-group-induced highly regio- and enantioselective syntheses of dicyclopropanated building blocks starting from microbially produced trans-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoic acid are described. Key to the success was a two-step cycloaddition―photolysis sequence for the second cyclopropanation. The structure of the unexpected inverse [3+2]-cycloaddition product of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition was verified.
Care integration within and outside health system boundaries.

OBJECTIVE Examine care integration-efforts to unify disparate parts of health care organizations to generate synergy across activities occurring within and between them-to understand whether and at which organizational level health systems impact care quality and staff experience. DATA SOURCES Surveys administered to one practice manager (56/59) and up to 26 staff (828/1360) in 59 practice sites within 24 physician organizations within 17 health systems in four states (2017-2019). STUDY DESIGN We developed manager and staff surveys to collect data on organizational, social, and clinical process integration, at four organizational levels: practice site, physician organization, health system, and outside health systems. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and regression. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Managers and staff perceived opportunity for improvement across most types of care integration and organizational levels. Managers/staff perceived little variation in care integration across health systems. They perceived better care integration within practice sites than within physician organizations, health systems, and outside health systems-up to 38 percentage points (pp) lower (P < .001) outside health systems compared to within practice sites. Of nine clinical process integration measures, one standard deviation (SD) (7.2-pp) increase in use of evidence-based care related to 6.4-pp and 8.9-pp increases in perceived quality of care by practice sites and health systems, respectively, and a 4.5-pp increase in staff job satisfaction; one SD (9.7-pp) increase in integration of social services and community resources related to a 7.0-pp increase in perceived quality of care by health systems; one SD (6.9-pp) increase in patient engagement related to a 6.4-pp increase in job satisfaction and a 4.6-pp decrease in burnout; and one SD (10.6-pp) increase in integration of diabetic eye examinations related to a 5.5-pp increase in job satisfaction (all P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Measures of clinical process integration related to higher staff ratings of quality and experience. Action is needed to improve care integration within and outside health systems.
Development of a predictive model describing the growth of Yersinia enterocolitica in Camembert‐type cheese

Summary Behaviour of Yersinia enterocolitica in mould-ripened Camembert-type cheese during storage at temperature range 3–15 °C was evaluated and mathematically described. The Baranyi and Gompertz models were adjusted to the results of the study to calculate the growth rate (GR) and lag time (LT) for Y. enterocolitica at each temperature. Goodness of fit was assessed by calculating the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and mean square error (MSE). Square root models were constructed which described the relations between GR, LT and applied storage temperature. The secondary models were mathematically validated based on the results generated by ComBase Predictor. Moreover, generated models were validated using external, independent data from ComBase database. Based on this, it was found that the square root models of Ratkowsky constructed on GR that were determined based on the Baranyi and Roberts model most accurately described the behaviour of Y. enterocolitica in Camembert-type cheese during storage under refrigerated conditions.
Self-diffusion activation energies in α-Al2O3 below 1000°C – measurements and molecular dynamics calculation

Results from impedance spectroscopy measurements at temperatures between 400 and 1000°C, for single crystal and highly pure and dense polycrystalline α-Al2O3 samples with well-defined grain size, are compared with that from molecular dynamics calculation. Between 650 and 1000°C, the measured activation energy for conductivity is 1.5 eV for the single crystal, and increases from 1.6 to 2.4 eV as the grain size decreases from 15 to 0.5 µm. The molecular dynamics calculation leads to the conclusion that the self-diffusion activation energy is about 1.5 eV for O and 1.0 eV for Al in single crystal α-Al2O3. The much higher mobility of O ions makes the O ions responsible for the conductivity of the single crystal oxide. It seems that the grain boundary leads to an increase in the activation energy. However, the quantitative influence of grain boundary still needs to be explained. Between 400 and 650°C, the measured activation energy is about 1.0 eV and independent of the grain size.
Recombination-line Abundances for the Third-Row Element, Magnesium

We have obtained optical recombination-line abundances for the third-row element magnesium in ten planetary nebulae. The nebulae in our sample include four (NGC 7009, NGC 6153, M 2-36 and M 1-42) for which we have previously found very large enhancements, relative to solar, in the recombination line abundances of the second-row elements carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and neon (Liu et al. 1995, Liu et al. 2000, Liu et al. 2001). Nebular temperature fluctuations appear unable to account for these effects. However, models that invoke high-density clumps, particularly clumps which are hydrogen-deficient, appear more viable as an explanation for the high recombination line abundances that are observed (see Liu et al. 2000 for more details). While it may be possible to appeal to astrophysical nucleosynthetic processes to enhance the CNONe second-row elements in AGB stars, such effects are not expected to modify the abundances of third-row elements such as magnesium. We have therefore measured and dereddened the intensities of the 4481 A4f-3d line of Mg II, relative to H,8, in order . to investigate whether magnesium recombination line abundances are enhanced or not.
Study on reversal of ABCB1 mediated multidrug resistance in Colon cancer by acetogenins: An in-silico approach

Abstract Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) exerted by tumor cells is majorly due to the overexpression of ATP Binding cassette transporters such as ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Annonaceous acetogenins (AGEs) exert anticancer activity by strongly inhibiting NADH oxidase of cancer cells. The present in silico study aims at screening a potent MDR inhibitor among acetogenins from the plant Annona muricata. Twenty-four AGEs were selected and screened for their pharmacokinetic properties. An inward facing conformation of P-gp is required for understanding the interaction of AGEs at the drug binding region and hence the human P-gp protein was modeled. The selected compounds were then docked with the ATP binding site and the drug binding site of modeled human P-gp. Annonacin A.1, Annohexocin.1 and Annomuricin E.1 docked better with high MM/GBSA dG binding in the drug binding region as compared with the conventional drugs. These compounds had a better docking score as compared with control inhibitor drugs at the ATP binding region. The complexes were subjected to MD simulation and Annonacin A was stable throughout the simulation period. Therefore, Annonacin A might act as a competitive inhibitor for the chemo drugs for binding at the drug binding region of P-gp. Hence it is capable of decreasing the efflux of chemo drugs out of the cells by P-Glycoprotein/ABCB1/MDR1. With this computational study, it is concluded that this compound might potentially reverse MDR, and hence can be taken forward for validation studies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Effects of the Stroke/Bore Ratio on the Performance Parameters of a Dual-Spark-Ignition (DSI) Engine†

In this study, the effects of the stroke/bore (S/B) ratio on the performance parameters of an engine having dual-spark ignition (DSI) were investigated theoretically by using a quasi-dimensional thermodynamic cycle model. A range of S/B ratios for various spark-plug locations were examined in the scope of the study. The engine performance parameters, i.e., engine power, indicated mean effective pressure, specific fuel consumption, and thermal efficiency, were computed for various conditions. The obtained results for DSI operation have been compared to those of a single-spark-ignition (SSI) condition. Such comparisons showed that increases in the S/B ratio cause improvements in engine performance parameters. The dual-plug operation also improves the overall engine performance at different percentages for the selected S/B ratios.
Interpretation of ambiguous pronouns in adults with intellectual disabilities.

BACKGROUND Pronouns are referentially ambiguous (e.g. she could refer to any female), yet they are common in everyday conversations. Individuals with typical development (TD) employ several strategies to avoid pronoun interpretation errors, including the subject bias - an assumption that a pronoun typically refers to the subject (or, with the closely related order-of-mention bias, the first-mentioned character) of the previous sentence. However, it is unknown if adults with intellectual disability (ID) share this strategy or the extent to which the subject bias is associated with non-verbal abilities or receptive vocabulary. METHODS We tested 22 adults with mixed-aetiology ID on their interpretation of ambiguous pronouns using the visual world eye-tracking paradigm and by asking a follow-up pronoun interpretation question. A group of TD adults was also tested to establish the strength of the subject bias with our materials and task. RESULTS Adults with ID did demonstrate the subject bias, but it was significantly less robust than that seen in TD. For participants with ID, the subject bias was influenced by non-verbal IQ and receptive vocabulary at different stages of processing. CONCLUSIONS Given the frequency of pronouns in conversation, strengthening the subject bias may help alleviate discourse and reading comprehension challenges for individuals with ID, particularly those with lower non-verbal and/or vocabulary skills.
Boundary Conditions and SGS Models for LES of Wall-Bounded Separated Flows: An Application to Engine-Like Geometries

The implementation and the combination of advanced boundary conditions and subgrid scale models for Large Eddy Simulations are presented. The goal is to perform reliable cold flow LES simulations in complex geometries, such as in the cylinders of internal combustion engines. The implementation of an inlet boundary condition for synthetic turbulence generation and of two subgrid scale models, the local Dynamic Smagorinsky and the Wall-Adapting Local Eddy-viscosity SGS model ( WALE) is described. The WALE model is based on the square of the velocity gradient tensor and it accounts for the effects of both the strain and the rotation rate of the smallest resolved turbulent fluctuations and it recovers the proper y3 near-wall scaling for the eddy viscosity without requiring dynamic pressure; hence, it is supposed to be a very reliable model for ICE simulation. Model validation has been performed separately on two steady state flow benches: a backward facing step geometry and a simple IC engine geometry with one axed central valve. A discussion on the completeness of the LES simulation (i.e. LES simulation quality) is given.
An over 100 W AlGaN/GaN enhancement‐mode HEMT power amplifier with piezoelectric‐induced cap structure

A novel piezoelectric-induced cap structure in an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) was developed for enhancement-mode (E-mode) operation with high maximum drain current density (Idmax), high breakdown voltage (BVgd) and small current collapse. Our developed cap structure consists of a thin GaN/AlN/ GaN triple-layer, which reduces the sheet resistance (Rsh) due to conduction band bending. The threshold voltage (Vth) is +0.25 V with a high Idmax of 520 mA/mm, a high BVgd of 336 V and small current collapse by using the developed cap structure and a gate recess technique. The single-chip AlGaN/GaN E-mode HEMT amplifier achieved a high output power of 126 W at 2.5 GHz with improved distortion characteristics. This is the first report of an AlGaN/GaN E-mode HEMT with an output power of over 100 W. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Survey of Image Captioning Methods

Image captioning is the problem of automatically generating a natural language description for a query image. The ability to automatically produce image captions is useful for various real-world applications, such as assisting the visually-impaired and improving image search engines. However, image captioning is a very challenging problem, as it requires fine-grained semantic understanding across both vision and language. In addition to merely recognizing a scene or detecting entities within a scene, an image captioning system must also be able to express in coherent sentences how these entities relate to and interact with each other, as well as the context within which they are acting.
An improved method for EMD modal aliasing effect

In order to eliminate the modal aliasing effect of the empirical modal decomposition (EMD) caused by signal interruption (singular event, cycling wave, local impact signal) or the interaction of each component, two elimination methods are proposed, namely, high frequency harmonic method and mask signal method. Firstly, two causes of EMD mode aliasing are analyzed: one is the local oscillation in the signal; the other is the amplitude-frequency relation of the signal. Secondly, the local impact mode aliasing is solved by the high frequency harmonic method. Finally, mask signal method is used to eliminate modal aliasing of similar frequencies. The simulation results show that the two methods of eliminating EMD modal aliasing, which are collected high frequency harmonic method and mask signal method, can quickly and effectively curb the modal aliasing phenomenon on the basis of ensuring the adaptive characteristics of EMD, and provide a novel method to expand the real-time online application of EMD.
Imaging protoporphyrin IX fluorescence with a time-domain FMT/microCT system

Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) has the potential to become a powerful quantitative research tool for pre-clinical applications such as evaluating the efficacy of experimental drugs. In this paper, we show how a time-domain FMT/microCT instrument can in principle be used to monitor volumetric fluorescence intensity over time for low fluorophore concentration levels. The experimental results we present relate to Protoporphyrin IX which has a quantum efficiency as much as two orders of magnitude lower compared to more conventional extrinsic dyes used for molecular imaging (e.g., Alexa Fluor dyes, Cyanine dyes). Our results highlight the high sensitivity of the single photon counting technology on which the optical system we have built is based. In conjunction with this system we have developed a diffuse optical fluorescence reconstruction technique that is robust and shown here to perform adequately even in cases when the contribution of noise to the data is important. Related to this, we show that the regularization scheme we have developed is reliable even for low fluorophore concentration values and that no adjustment of the regularization parameter needs to be made for different levels of noise. This generic reconstruction approach insures that images reconstructed from data sets acquired at different times and for different fluorescence levels can be compared on an equal footing.