Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic state estimation-based fault locating on transmission lines

Accurate fault locating minimises labour and outage time. Efforts to increase the accuracy of fault locating methods are on-going. In this study, a dynamic state estimation-based fault locating (EBFL) method is proposed. Best implementation requires GPS synchronised sample value measurements at both ends of the line. The dynamic state estimator operates on the sampled values using a detailed dynamic model of the line, which includes the fault location as a state. Specifically, the dynamic line model is represented as a multi-section transmission line model, inclusive of phase conductor type and size, shield wire(s) type and size, and tower ground impedances, integrated with the fault model. This study presents extensive numerical experiments demonstrating that the method has higher accuracy than traditional fault locating methods for different fault types, locations and impedances. Additionally, the method works for both two-terminal and three-terminal transmission lines.
Ga Apex chert 'microfossils' reinterpreted as chains of carbon-coated phyllosilicate grains. Gondwana Research.

Filamentous microstructures from the (Ga)-old have been interpreted as remnants of Earth's oldest cellular life, but their purported biological nature has been robustly questioned on numerous occasions. Despite recent claims to the contrary, the controversy surrounding these famous microstructures remains unresolved. Here we interrogate new material from the original ‘ microfossil site ’ using high spatial resolution electron microscopy to decode the detailed morphology and chemistry of the Apex ﬁ laments. Light microscopy shows that our newly discovered ﬁ laments are identical to the previously described ‘ microfossil ’ holotypes and paratypes. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy data show that the ﬁ laments comprise chains of potassium-andbarium-richphyllosilicates,interleavedwithcarbon,minorquartzandironoxides.Morphological features previously cited as evidence for cell compartments and dividing cells are shown to be carbon-coated stacks of phyllosilicate crystals. Three-dimensional ﬁ lament reconstructions reveal non-rounded cross sections and examples of branching incompatible with a ﬁ lamentous prokaryotic origin for these structures. When examined at the nano-scale, the Apex ﬁ laments exhibit no biological morphology nor bear any resemblancetoyounger bona ﬁ de carbonaceousmicrofossils.Instead,availableevidenceindicatesthatthemicro-structuresformedduring ﬂ uid- ﬂ oweventsthatfacilitatedthehydration,heatingandexfoliationofpotassiummica ﬂ akes, plus the redistribution and adsorption of barium, iron and carbon within an active hydrothermal system.
Time optimal driving on curvilinear path with kinematic constraints

A time optimal driving algorithm is obtained for the moving on a curvilinear path in space. The algorithm takes velocity, acceleration and jerk as constraints. By imposing a jerk constraint, the acceleration time-derivative is limited and smooth driving is guaranteed. It is concluded that the moving object’s dynamics must be analyzed directly by using curvature and torsion of the path. It is also found that the given path must possess G2 or higher continuity for applying a jerk constraint. For a given set of velocity, acceleration and jerk constraints, it is proved that the minimum driving time depends on path length, curvature, torsion and curvature’s path length derivative along the path. The resultant driving pattern guarantees minimum-time smooth driving.
Digital Anthropology as Method for Lead User Identification from Unstructured Big Data

This paper focuses on lead user identification in an open data context through the principles of digital anthropology (DA). The approach is demonstrated using a case study from the entertainment industry: the festival of Tomorrowland. Following the principles of DA, the specific data structure of the case selected is studied. This structure follows the tribal roles of Cova and Cova, which are then compared with the lead user characteristics of Belz and Baumbach. The different characteristics and roles are used afterwards to establish the user types that may be found in the big data set of the case study. Unlike earlier methods, such as netnography, which focuses on a specific user type as the main source of insights, our results show that DA requires a change of focus from specific individuals to groups of individuals with the capacity to produce the insights of a lead user. DA shows how all the roles in the data structure present different possibilities for innovation. The application of DA to big data enables the extension of analysis to whole populations instead of specific samples, bringing about new possibilities to model and extract the insights of consumers publicly exposed in the digital media.
Revision of the Theil fitting method

The non parametric robust fitting method originally due to Theil is reviewed starting from the work of Sen (1968, J. Amer. Statistical Assn., 63). In that paper only the estimate of the angular coefficient in a straigth line fit is considered. Here it is shown that this method can be successfully employed to estimate also the intercept of a straight line, as well as to fit other functions such as polynomials and some non-linear curves : the Gaussian, the Lorentzian, the exponential and the power law. The general method scheme is retained, while a new formulation for the error estimator is proposed. The method proved to be unbiased and robust by the Monte-Carlo simulations, adopting the Gaussian and Cauchy error sources
A study of healthcare apparel supply chain management with radio frequency identification (RFID) System

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Surface roughness 3D modelling and its association with leak tightness for a metal-to-metal contacting surface

This paper presents an overview of a numerical method developed to allow one-way structure-fluid interaction of a scanned representative surface of a Pressure Relief Valve (PRV) measuring 100 um by 100 um to be incorporated into a coupled finite element and computational fluid dynamics model to investigate gas leak rates through micro-gaps in full size metal-to-metal contacting components. The virtual representative surface is created via a real scan using a 3D micro coordinate and surface roughness measurement system. The scan of the physical surface is converted to a CAD format and a finite element model generated which is deformed for a given loading condition. The micro-gaps of the deformed FEA model are extracted and imported into the CFD solver to find the resulting volumetric/mass flow rate for the same set of pressure conditions. This coupled approach allows the leakage rate to be found based on only the surface roughness of metal-to-metal sealing surfaces. This methodology can now be expanded to understand the behaviour and response of metal-to-metal deformable contacting surface components under pressure. Thereafter, the design objective is to minimise or eliminate component leakage.
C3a Receptor Ciona intestinalis of Structural and Functional Characterization Receptor in an Invertebrate Species: First Identification of a Chemotactic

In mammals, the bioactive fragment C3a, released from C3 during complement activation, is a potent mediator of inﬂammatory reactions and exerts its functional activity through the speciﬁc binding to cell surface G protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors. Recently, we demonstrated a Ciona intestinalis C3a (CiC3a)-mediated chemotaxis of hemocytes in the deuterostome invertebrate Ciona intestinalis and suggested an important role for this molecule in inﬂammatory processes. In the present work, we have cloned and characterized the receptor molecule involved in the CiC3a-mediated chemotaxis and studied its expression proﬁle. The sequence, encoding a 95,394 Da seven-transmembrane domain protein, shows the highest sequence homology with mammalian C3aRs. Northern blot analysis revealed that the CiC3aR is expressed abundantly in the heart and neural complex and to a lesser extent in the ovaries, hemocytes, and larvae. Three polyclonal Abs raised in rabbits against peptides corresponding to CiC3aR regions of the ﬁrst and second extracellular loop and of the third intracellular loop react speciﬁcally in Western blotting with a single band of 98–102 kDa in hemocyte protein extracts. Immunostaining performed on circulating hemocytes with the three speciﬁc Abs revealed that CiC3aR is constitutively expressed only in hyaline and granular amoebocytes. In chemotaxis experiments, the Abs against the ﬁrst and second extracellular loop inhibited directional migration of hemocytes toward the synthetic peptide reproducing the CiC3a C-terminal sequence, thus providing the compelling evidence that C. intestinalis expresses a functional C3aR homologous to the mammalian receptor. These ﬁndings further elucidate the evolutionary origin of the vertebrate boiled for 10 min, and centrifuged at room temperature for 30 min at 13,400 rpm in a Mini Spin centrifuge (Eppendorf). The supernatant was recovered and stored as aliquots at (cid:7) 20°C. The reactivity of Ciona hemocyte proteins with the anti-EL1, anti-EL2, and anti-IL3 Abs was assessed by Western blotting analysis: 80 (cid:2) g of protein, corresponding to 4.8 (cid:3) 10 6 hemocytes, was loaded onto a 7.5% SDS-PAGE gel under reducing con- ditions. The proteins were then electroblotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane (Amersham Biosciences), and the CiC3aR was detected using 10 (cid:2) g/ml of afﬁnity-puriﬁed anti-EL1, anti-EL2, or anti-IL3 Ab. Nonspeciﬁc binding to the membrane was prevented by incubation in blocking buffer (PBS containing 5% milk and 0.05% Tween 20). Bound polyclonal Abs were detected with a protein A-HRP conjugate (Bio-Rad), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. All the incubation steps were performed for 1 h at room temperature, and the membranes were washed with PBS con- taining Tween 20 (0.05%) between each incubation step. The proteins were detected using the ECL Plus kit (Amersham Biosciences). Protein deter- mination assays were performed using a BCA kit (Sigma-Aldrich).
A self-adaptive loop matching algorithm based on GA for 2D lidar SLAM

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) based on 2D lidar is the vital technology for indoor mobile robot mapping and navigation, and graph optimization has become a common method to solve this problem in the recent years. In graph-based SLAM, loop detection is a key step to obtain global pose constraints, and the real-time performance of this process ensures that the back-end optimization of the current frame can be completed smoothly before the arrival of the data for the next moment. However, due to the limitation of mobile robot's computing resources, when the global map reaches a certain scale, the success rate of loop detection which has a positive impact on the mapping accuracy will decrease with the number of loop constraints is directly proportional to the number of all poses. Therefore, we propose a self-adaptive matching method based on genetic algorithm (GA) to calculate the loop closure constraints between the current scan and each local map, so as to speed up the loop detection process. The experimental result shows that our method is superior to the traditional graph-based SLAM solutions in large scale map construction.
Research on standard quality evaluation method based on fuzzy neural network

In view of the characteristics of standard quality evaluation index diversification, multi-dimension and the result susceptible to subjective factors, a standard quality evaluation model based on T-S model of fuzzy neural network is established by introducing fuzzy system theory. This model combines the advantages of fuzzy system and neural network, such as good fuzzy knowledge expression ability and adaptive ability. It has the advantages of optimal result approximation, short training time and fast convergence speed. This model was used to evaluate the quality of 7 standards in the field of petroleum engineering. The results show that the fuzzy neural network method could solve the fuzzy data processing problem in standard quality evaluation, and the reliability of the evaluation model could also meet the requirements of standard quality evaluation.
How can Sentinel‐2 contribute to seagrass mapping in shallow, turbid Baltic Sea waters?

Seagrass meadows are one of the most important benthic habitats in the Baltic Sea. Nevertheless, spatially continuous mapping data of Zostera marina, the predominant seagrass species in the Baltic Sea, are lacking in the shallow coastal waters. Sentinel‐2 turned out to be valuable for mapping coastal benthic habitats in clear waters, whereas knowledge in turbid waters is rare. Here, we transfer a clear water mapping approach to turbid waters to assess how Sentinel‐2 can contribute to seagrass mapping in the Western Baltic Sea. Sentinel‐2 data were atmospherically corrected using ACOLITE and subsequently corrected for water column effects. To generate a data basis for training and validating random forest classification models, we developed an upscaling approach using video transect data and aerial imagery. We were able to map five coastal benthic habitats: bare sand (25 km²), sand dominated (16 km²), seagrass dominated (7 km²), dense seagrass (25 km²) and mixed substrates with red/ brown algae (3.5 km²) in a study area along the northern German coastline. Validation with independent data pointed out that water column correction does not significantly improve classification results compared to solely atmospherically corrected data (balanced overall accuracies ~0.92). Within optically shallow waters (0–4 m), per class and overall balanced accuracies (>0.82) differed marginally depending on the water depth. Overall balanced accuracy became worse (<0.8) approaching the border to optically deep water (~ 5 m). The spatial resolution of Sentinel‐2 (10–20 m) allowed delineating detailed spatial patterns of seagrass habitats, which may serve as a basis to retrieve spatially continuous data for ecologically relevant metrics such as patchiness. Thus, Sentinel‐2 can contribute unprecedented information for seagrass mapping between 0 and around 5 m water depths in the Western Baltic Sea.
“We Do Not Have Any Further Info to Add, Unfortunately” – Strategic Disengagement on Public Health Facebook Pages

ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic, communication with the public has been a central concern for state actors. One important question has been how to best use social media to ensure the sufficient uptake of their advice and recommendations to the public. With regard to such strategic communicative aims, a significant amount of attention has been previously devoted to the engagement, interaction, and dialogic forms of strategic communication on social media. This paper, however, focuses on an aspect that has not been discussed much in the literature: the need an organization might have to disengage due to a lack of resources or when a conversation has stalled. Using the communication that Scandinavian public health authorities carried out through their Facebook pages as cases, this paper employs a thematic analysis of the associated posts and qualitative interviews with employees to argue that these institutions use three disengagement strategies: 1) contradiction, 2) meta-discursive disengagement, and 3) disengagement through sympathy/empathy. Based on this, we consider the strategic potential of disengagement and discuss whether disengagement strategies can be considered legitimate tools for public health organizations’ crisis communication that can allow them to achieve the dual aim of ensuring citizens’ support for and compliance with authorities’ recommendations.
Generation and characterization of conditional yeast mutants affecting each of the 2 essential functions of the scaffolding proteins Boi1/2 and Bem1

Boi1 and Boi2 are closely related yeast scaffolding proteins, either of which can perform an essential function. Previous studies have suggested a role in cell polarity, interacting with lipids, components of the late secretory pathway, and actin nucleators. We report detailed studies of their localization, dynamics, and the generation and characterization of conditional mutants. Boi1/2 are present on the plasma membrane in dynamic patches, then at the bud neck during cytokinesis. These distributions are unaffected by perturbation of the actin cytoskeleton or the secretory pathway. We identify two critical aromatic residues, present in both Boi1 and Boi2, in the essential C-terminal PH domain, that cause temperature sensitive growth resulting in defects in polarized growth leading to cell lysis. The scaffolding protein, Bem1, colocalizes with Boi1 in patches at the growing bud, and at the bud neck, the latter requiring the N-terminal SH3 domain of Boi1p. Loss of function of Boi1-SH3 domain renders Bem1 essential which can be fully replaced by a fusion of the SH3b and PB1 domains of Bem1. Thus, the two essential functions of the Boi1/2/Bem1 proteins can be satisfied by Bem1-SH3b-PB1 and Boi1-PH. Generation and characterization of conditional mutations in the essential function of Bem1 reveal a slow onset of defects in polarized growth, which is difficult to define a specific initial defect. This study provides more details into the functions of Boi1/2 and their relationship with Bem1, and presents the generation of conditional mutants that will be useful for future genetic analysis.
Skull allometries in three species of Didelphis (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae)

As biological shape is usually complex and evolves on different constraints, it can be assessed using integrative methods such as geometric morphometrics. Allometric changes were analysed in three species of Didelphis genus (D. albiventris n=20, D. marsupialis n=82, D. pernigra n=35) by means of geometric morphometric techniques. A significant correlation between shape and size was found, suggesting an allometric change pattern for all three species studied. However, allometries appeared to be different between D. marsupialis and D. pernigra, both of which belong to different groups (the so-called black-eared group and the white-eared group, respectively). Results are consistent with taxonomic recognition at the group level and can help to elucidate phylogenetic relationships between these three Didelphis species.
Beta oscillations and waves in motor cortex can be accounted for by the interplay of spatially-structured connectivity and fluctuating inputs

The beta rhythm (13-30 Hz) is a prominent brain rhythm. Recordings in primates during instructed-delay reaching tasks have shown that different types of traveling waves of oscillatory activity are associated with episodes of beta oscillations in motor cortex during movement preparation. We propose here a simple model of motor cortex based on local excitatory-inhibitory neuronal populations coupled by longer range excitation, where additionally inputs to the motor cortex from other neural structures are represented by stochastic inputs on the different model populations. We show that the model accurately reproduces the statistics of recording data when these external inputs are correlated on a short time scale (25 ms) and have two different components, one that targets the motor cortex locally and another one that targets it in a global and synchronized way. The model reproduces the distribution of beta burst durations, the proportion of the different observed wave types, and wave speeds, which we show not to be linked to axonal propagation speed. When the long-range connectivity is anisotropic, traveling waves are found to preferentially propagate along the axis where connectivity decays the fastest. Different from previously proposed mechanistic explanations, the model suggests that traveling waves in motor cortex are the reflection of the dephasing by external inputs, putatively of thalamic origin, of an oscillatory activity that would otherwise be spatially synchronized by recurrent connectivity.
Isolation of a novel heterodimeric PSII complex via strep-tagged PsbO

The multi-subunit membrane protein complex Photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes the light-driven oxidation of water and with this the initial step of photosynthetic electron transport in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Its biogenesis is coordinated by a network of auxiliary proteins that facilitate the stepwise assembly of individual subunits and cofactors, forming various intermediate complexes until fully functional mature PSII is present at the end of the process. In the current study, we purified PSII complexes from a mutant line of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vestitus BP-1 in which the extrinsic subunit PsbO, characteristic for active PSII, was fused with an N-terminal Twin-Strep-tag. Three distinct PSII complexes were separated by ion-exchange chromatography after the initial affinity purification. Two complexes differ in their oligomeric state (monomeric and dimeric) but share the typical subunit composition of mature PSII. They are characterized by the very high oxygen-evolving activity of approx. 6,000 µmol O2· (mg Chl·h)-1. Analysis of the third (heterodimeric) PSII complex revealed lower oxygen-evolving activity of approx. 3,000 µmol O2· (mg Chl·h)-1 and manganese content of 2.7 (± 0.2) per reaction center compared to 3.7 (± 0.2) of fully active PSII. Mass spectrometry and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy further indicated that PsbO is partially replaced by Psb27 in this PSII fraction, thus implying a role in the repair of the complex.
Shot-noise limited phase-sensitive imaging of moving samples by phase-restoring subpixel motion correction in Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography

Phase-sensitive Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) enables label-free imaging of cellular movements in vivo with detection sensitivity down to the nanometer scale. Due to this high sensitivity, it is widely employed in various emerging functional imaging modalities such as optoretinography (ORG), optical coherence elastography (OCE), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). However, achieving shot-noise limited detection sensitivity remains a major challenge for in-vivo measurements where the sample is constantly affected by vascular pulsation, breathing, eye and head motion, and other involuntary movements. Here, we propose a phase-restoring subpixel motion correction (PRSMC) method for post-hoc image registration in FD-OCT. Based on a generalized FD-OCT model, this method enables translational shifts of OCT images by arbitrary displacements while accurately restoring physically meaningful phase components, both with subpixel precision. With the sample movements estimated from averaged Doppler shift or normalized cross-correlation, we reconstructed the OCT images by correcting the axial displacement in the spectrum (k) domain and the lateral displacement in the spatial frequency domain, respectively. We validated our method in simulations, phantom experiments, and in-vivo optoretinogram imaging, where the advantages over conventional approaches for both amplitude stability and phase accuracy were demonstrated. Our approach significantly reduces the motion-induced phase error (MIPE) when imaging moving samples, achieving systematic phase sensitivities close to the shot-noise regime.