Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying comment spams of Web forums by classifier based Logistic regression

A classifier based on Logistic Regression(LR)is employed to identify comment spams which have flooded in Web forums. Comparative study on performances of LR and Support Vector Machine(SVM) is presented.It is introduced that a relevancy coefficient vector space model named cVSM which is used to express comment archives.Some feature extractive methods are discussed,including Information Gain(IG),Mutual Information(MI),χ2 statistic(CHI) and Document Frequency(DF). The experiments show that:The learn time of LR is less than 1/10 of SVM’s.DF and IG have better performances than MI and CHI.To be compared with vector space model,cVSM has improved comment spam cognitive capability of classifier.
New Zealand Caregiver Knowledge of Paediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common among children. However, their caregivers’ knowledge and understanding of symptoms may influence how the injury is managed. Primary objective: To investigate the knowledge of New Zealand (NZ) parents about TBI and concussion. Method and procedures: Parents (n = 205) of children aged 5–13 years completed a pen-and-paper or online survey containing questions examining their knowledge of TBI terminology, TBI symptoms and knowledge about concussion management. Main outcomes and results: A high proportion (61%) of parents did not think that a concussion was the same as a brain injury. Loss of consciousness (LOC) was the most endorsed symptom of TBI. However, 69% of participants were aware that TBI could occur without LOC. On average, parents correctly identified 19.5 (67.3%) of the 29 symptoms of TBI, but also identified 2.0 (11.9%) of the 17 distractor symptoms as being TBI related. Demographic factors and experience of TBI/concussion were associated with TBI symptom identification accuracy and concussion knowledge. Conclusions: Further education of parents is needed to ensure they recognise the signs and symptoms of concussion/mild TBI so that they can make informed decisions on how best to manage their child’s injury.
VISUAL CLUSTERING FOR HIGH DIMENSIONAL DATA BASED ON NEAREST NEIGHBOR

A new visual clustering method for high dimensional data is presented, and a general visualization system VisNN is implemented in this paper. Classical visual method for clustering high dimension data is to project high dimensional data into two-dimension or three-dimension space by using dimension reduction method. In the method for each axis of two-dimension X-Y space, a record series, instead of a reduced attribute, are used. When the order of records is sorted by some attributes that users concern about, the distance relationship of two records in high dimensional space could be kept to some extent in the X-Y space. The experiments show that VisNN can help users discover interesting clusters and abnormality easily.
Query authentication in data outsourcing and integration services

Owing to the explosive growth of data driven by e-commerce, social media, and mobile apps, data outsourcing and integration have become two popular Internet services. These services involve one or more data owners (DOs), many requesting clients, and a service provider (SP). The DOs outsource/synchronize their data to the SP, and the SP will provide query services to the requesting clients on behalf of DOs. However, as a third-party server, the SP might alter (leave out or forge) the outsourced/integrated data and query results, intentionally or not. To address this trustworthy issue, the SP is expected to deliver their services in an authenticatable manner, so that the correctness of the service results can be verified by the clients. Unfortunately, existing work on query authentication cannot preserve the privacy of the data being queried. Furthermore, almost all previous studies assume only a single data source/owner, while data integration services usually combine data from multiple sources. In this dissertation, we take the first step to study the authentication of location-based queries with confidentiality and investigate authenticated online data integration services. Cost models, security analysis, and experimental results consistently show the e↵ectiveness and robustness of our proposed schemes under various system settings and query workloads.
Hybrid P300 and mu-beta brain computer interface to operate a brain controlled wheelchair

This paper describes a control strategy to drive a wheelchair in a building environment by thought. The user selects the destination in a list of predefined locations of interest using a slow but safe P300 EEG interface. The robotic wheelchair navigates autonomously toward destination following virtual guiding paths. Along the way the user has the possibility to stop the movement using a fast μβ-rhythm BCI. Experiments demonstrate how healthy subjects can navigate safely in an home-like environment using this novel hybrid BCI.
Bootstrap Methods:Developments and Frontiers

Bootstrap methods have been developed and extended in a large number of fields of statistics ever since the first inception by Efron(1979). This paper gives an introduction of the basic methodology,historical developments and some frontiers of the bootstrap theory.The main directions introduced in this paper includes: bootstrap for i.i. d data,model-based bootstrap,block bootstrap,sieve bootstrap,transform-based bootstrap,bootstrap for Markov process,bootstrap for long range dependence and bootstrap for spatial data,among which the first direction is the most fundamental,and other directions can be regarded as extensions under certain conditions.At the same time,we'll give some program scripts for different bootstrap algorithms;our tool is R language,which is being widely adopted nowadays in implementing new methods and models of statistics by international academicians.
SCARECROW: Towards Scalable Automatic Malware Detection and Reporting System Utilizing Crowd-Sourcing

Malware is the main computer security threat that may cause damage to many people’s d evices and companies’ infrastructure. End users who want to make sure that their downloaded executable files from the Internet are currently presented by a binary choice (OK or Cancel) but there is no viable third alternative for uncertainty (Not Sure). Reporting to any security agency or company for status inquiry regarding executable files normally lack of efficiency in terms of reporting back to the users in a timely manner. As a consequence, developing a more efficient approach that provide a prompt response to the users on reported suspicious files is important in order to encourage more end users engagement in malware reporting. This empower the users to act based on the informed decision and help reducing the number of unknown malware in the wild. This study proposes a new automatic and scalable malware analyzer system called SCARECROW that is able to quickly scrutinize and generate an automated report for each malware detected. The implementation of the approach includes both the client (users’ system) and the backend processing (security agencies or companies). The client side provides a user friendly and integrated reporting mechanism. The backend is based on utilizing cloud computing to scale and speed up the analysis and feedback process.
Emotional Competence, Coping Styles and the Included Student-Teacher Relationship

Signed since 1990, school inclusion has brought challenges to the teaching practice not only due to the demands of teaching-learning, but also of the relation with the included student. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize teachers about emotional competence and coping styles, as well as evaluate the quality of the included student-teacher relationship and the association between these variables. An analytical, quantitative and cross-sectional, observational study was carried out, involving 63 teachers from schools that attend students with deﬁ cits in the performance of mental/intellectual functions in São Leopoldo-RS. They responded to the Sociodemographic and Labor Questionnaire, the Inventory of Emotional Competencies, the Brief Scale COPE and the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes (Pearson’s correlation and Multiple Linear Regression) revealed that although teachers have emotional skills and adaptive coping strategies, the conﬂ ict factor was highlighted in the evaluation of the teacher-student relationship, with self-blame, positive reinterpretation and humor being the strategies that best explain it. Thus, the importance of investing in training actions in the area of inclusion is conﬁ rmed, since the demands involved in this work tend to overwhelm teachers, reﬂ ecting on the quality of their relationship with the included student.
Psychology of Turkish University Students as Electorate: The Mediating Role of Political Trust

Turkey has been ruled by a secular and democratic government since 1923 under the name of ‘the Republic of Turkey’. In this rarely examined culture, we tested the effects of political trust(PT), social values(SV), system justification(SJ) and social dominance orientation(SDO) on university students’ intention of voting before the June 2015 election. Depending on the theory of planned behavior and the cognitive hierarchy model of human behavior, it is conceptualized that SV, SJ and SDO are placed higher in cognitive structure than PT, therefore PT would mediate the relations between those cognitions and the intention of voting. About 300 university students completed the following questionnaires: PVQ-R, Political Trust, Social Dominance Orientation, and System Justification Scales, in addition to intention of voting, and demographics. Results show that conservation and social dominance orientation was positively related to the intention of voting for MHP and openness to change and system justification was positively related to intention of voting for AKP. When we tested the role of mediation for PT; we have found extensive evidence that, the relationships between SV (i.e. openness to change), SJ, and SDO and intention of voting for AKP and MHP were significantly mediated by PT. Ideological differences between and within left and right wing parties in Turkey were discussed to explain the results.
Come from away: Best practices in mini-sabbaticals for the development of young investigators: a White Paper by the SEQUIN (mini-Sabbatical Evaluation and QUality ImprovemeNt) Group

Abstract Mini-sabbaticals are formal short-term training and educational experiences away from an investigator’s home research unit. These may include rotations with other research units and externships at government research or regulatory agencies, industry and non-profit programs, and training and/or intensive educational programs. The National Institutes of Health have been encouraging training institutions to consider offering mini-sabbaticals, but given the newness of the concept, limited data are available to guide the implementation of mini-sabbatical programs. In this paper, we review the history of sabbaticals and mini-sabbaticals, report the results of surveys we performed to ascertain the use of mini-sabbaticals at Clinical and Translational Science Award hubs, and consider best practice recommendations for institutions seeking to establish formal mini-sabbatical programs.
Comparing Higher Order Value Differences By Religious and Spiritual Association and Implications for Counseling: An Exploratory Study

COMPARING HIGHER ORDER VALUE DIFFERENCES BY RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITUAL ASSOCIATION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR COUNSELING: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY Gregory C. Lemich Old Dominion University, 2019 Chair: Dr. Christine Berger The spiritual but not religious (SBNR) population in the U.S. has grown into a significant minority demographic (27%; Lipka & Gecewicz, 2017). Despite this emergence, scant literature has addressed this population and how it differs in values from others, specifically, how SBNR groups differ from those who identify as spiritual and religious (SAR), religious but not spiritual (RBNS), and not spiritual or religious (NSOR). To help this deficiency, this dissertation study explored the intersection of spirituality, religiosity, spiritual and religious categories (SRC; i.e. SAR, SBNR, RBNS, NSOR), and the theory of basic human values (Schwartz, 1992, 1994; Schwartz et al., 2012) in an undergraduate sample. Specifically, this study began with a factor analysis on the spirituality and religiosity scales. The results were that spirituality and religiosity factored into a singular factor named S/R. This new S/R factor was found to contribute to SRC self-identification through an ANOVA. Next, the S/R factor was correlated with values resulting in a positive correlation with tradition and a negative correlation with universalism. Finally, the SRC groups were compared by core and higher order values. The results were that the SBNR sample valued self-direction thought and devalued tradition more than the SAR sample. The conclusion of this study was that undergraduates in this sample may self-identify as an SRC not only because of spiritual and religious beliefs, but because of personal values as well.
Evaluation of the Martin et al. (1975) Pore Pressure Build Up Model Using Laboratory Test Data

Liquefaction has occurred during numerous earthquakes and it has caused damages and catastrophic failures. This phenomenon takes place due to the excess pore pressure development in loose saturated granular soils. Researchers have attempted to predict these phenomena (excess pore water pressure and liquefaction) using constitutive modeling and numerical approaches. In this paper, a numerical modeling procedure is presented to predict the seismic excess pore water pressure using a fully coupled effective stress analysis. A few cyclic and monotonic element tests and a level ground centrifuge test conducted during VELACS project were utilized to calibrate the numerical models. The Mohr-Coulomb elastic-perfectly plastic and the Martin et. al. (1975) excess pore water pressure build up models were concurrently incorporated in the analysis. This study focuses on a reasonable step by step procedure in order to adjust and obtain the calibration parameters of these models. Comparing the excess pore pressure buildup time histories of the numerical and experimental models (both element and centrifuge tests) showed that the Martin et al. (1975) models can be used in the numerical assessment of excess pore water pressure with an acceptable degree of preciseness.
Acts of willpower : developing cosmopolitan citizenship through student engagement in course design.

This paper presents some preliminary outcomes of a student engagement experience undertaken at an undergraduate college in the Netherlands. Six students and an alumna participated in a teacher-student partnership with the researcher to co-design a new course in critical intercultural communication. The teacher-student partnership was envisioned as a laboratory of democracy, aimed at offering students a site where the institutional educational objectives concerning global citizenship were examined by those to which they apply. Experimenting with democratic processes of co-creating learning environment and knowledge that matter to students is seen as a form of active community engagement. Preliminary analysis of the qualitative data collected show that engaging with theories of global citizenship in a setting of democratic pedagogy impacts on students’ perception of themselves as global citizens and as learners. In both cases, whilst challenging, student seemed to adopt a more active role.
A Modified Hierarchical Attribute-Based Encryption Access Control Method for Mobile Cloud Computing

Abstract—Cloud computing is an Internet-based computing pattern through which shared resources are provided to devices on-demand. It is an emerging but promising paradigm to integrating mobile devices into cloud computing, and the integration performs in the cloud based hierarchical multi-user data-shared environment. With integrating into cloud computing, security issues such as data confidentiality and user authority may arise in the mobile cloud computing system, and it is concerned as the main constraints to the developments of mobile cloud computing. In order to provide safe and secure operation, a hierarchical access control method using modified hierarchical attribute-based encryption (M-HABE) and a modified three-layer structure is proposed in this paper. In a specific mobile cloud computing model, enormous data which may be from all kinds of mobile devices, such as smart phones, functioned phones and PDAs and so on can be controlled and monitored by the system, and the data can be sensitive to unauthorized third party and constraint to legal users as well. The novel scheme mainly focuses on the data processing, storing and accessing, which is designed to ensure the users with legal authorities to get corresponding classified data and to restrict illegal users and unauthorized legal users get access to the data, which makes it extremely suitable for the mobile cloud computing paradigms.
Experiences of Science Education Graduate Students in the Critical Voices Classroom

EXPERIENCES OF SCIENCE EDUCATION GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE CRITICAL VOICES CLASSROOM Lauren Margaret Mangione Science teachers in the United States are not prepared to teach the students in their classrooms. Teachers are most often White females, while the children in their classrooms are from diverse backgrounds. Multicultural pedagogies exist, but teachers must be educated during their teacher preparation courses to understand their own relationship with race before they can enact such pedagogies in their classrooms. This qualitative study sought to examine the lived experiences of eight science education doctoral students in a course called Critical Voices in Teacher Education, through the qualitative method approach of transcendental phenomenology. The participants’ experiences were examined through three theoretical frameworks: transformative learning theory, White racial identity, and racial literacy. Interviews, field notes, and student reflections were used to collect data for this phenomenological study. The findings showed that through the process of critical reflection and group discussion, participants had a transformative experience in which their racial identities developed, and perceptions of students and curriculum shifted to include multicultural pedagogical approaches. The findings from this study supported the idea that teacher education programs must use racial identity development and multicultural curriculum as a foundation for all education programs.
Applying behavioural insights to child protection: venturing beyond the low-hanging fruit

Abstract We explore whether simple behavioural insights techniques can be successful for addressing a policy issue within one of society's more complex and difficult sectors: child protection. Child protection reporting practices in New South Wales, Australia, reveal that the public's primary response is to report to the statutory authority, who only deal with cases of the highest risk. As a result, a large volume of statutory resources are spent processing lower-risk reports that lead to no benefits for lower-risk families and slow down response times for families that require a statutory response most. Our goal was to reduce lower-risk reporting by encouraging alternative responses to these situations. To do this, we altered report feedback for cases deemed lower risk in order to make alternative responses more salient and we added a persuasive message framed as a gain or loss. We then examined subsequent reporting accuracy. We found that our trial was linked to a modest improvement in reporting accuracy, though the results may have been diluted by a spill-over effect. We discuss how facilitating a greater behavioural change likely requires multi-organization collaborations, extending the range of insights drawn from behavioural science and/or addressing issues from multiple angles.
The Role of Housework in Married Women’s Physical Activity: 1936 to 2017

The historical decline in adults’ physical activity (PA) has been attributed to the growth in both sedentary occupations and car-dependent transportation. Missing from the conversation has been any examination of what role shifts in housework time/composition may have played. Historical time-use data for married women in the United States from 1936 to 2017 are used to assess trends in women’s moderate physical activity (PA) housework as measured by the typical metabolic equivalents (METs) for various core housework tasks. Analyses reveal that for much of the 20th century, the typical married woman likely met the Centers for Disease Control's PA recommendations through daily housework. However, time spent in moderate PA housework has declined at a faster pace than total housework time for the past 30 years. The downward trend appears to be driven primarily by changes other than household socio-demographics. Shifts in housework, both in terms of the composition and the overall time spent doing housework, have likely played an important role in the historical decline of adult women’s physical activity and rising obesity risk.
Deep Learning Under Scrutiny: Performance Against Health Care Professionals in Detecting Diseases from Medical Imaging - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Deep learning offers considerable promise for medical diagnostics. In this review, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning (DL) algorithms versus health care professionals (HCPs) in classifying diseases from medical imaging. Methods: We searched (Pre-)Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index, and arXiv from 01 January 2012 until 31 May 2018. Studies comparing the diagnostic performance of DL models and HCPs, for any pre-specified condition based on medical imaging material, were included. We extracted binary diagnostic accuracy data and constructed contingency tables at the reported thresholds to derive the outcomes of interest: sensitivity and specificity. Studies undertaking an out-of-sample validation were included in a meta-analysis. Results: 24 studies, from a starting number of 19889, compared DL models with HCPs. 22 studies provided enough data to construct contingency tables, enabling calculation of test accuracy. The mean sensitivity for DL models was 78% (range 13 - 100%), and mean specificity was 86% (range 51 - 100%). An out-of-sample external validation was performed by 5 studies and were therefore included in the meta-analysis. We found a pooled sensitivity of 86% (95% CI: 84 - 88%) for DL models and 93% (95% CI: 87 - 97%) for HCPs, and a pooled specificity of 88% (95% CI: 84 - 92%) for DL models and 87% (95% CI: 84 - 89%) for HCPs. Conclusion: Our review found the diagnostic performance of deep learning models to be similar to health care professionals. A major finding was the poor reporting and potential biases arising from study design that limited reliable interpretation of the reported diagnostic accuracy. New reporting standards which address specific challenges of deep learning could improve future studies, enabling greater confidence in the results of future evaluations of this promising technology. Funding Statement: The authors state: "None" Declaration of Interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form online (available on request from the corresponding author) and declare: no support from any organization for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. Ethics Approval Statement: The authors state: "Not required. " The authors utilized PRISMA and MOOSE protocols.