Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contrasting physical and chemical conditions of two rock glacier springs

Rock glaciers are increasingly influencing the hydrology and water chemistry of Alpine catchments. During three consecutive summers (2017–2019), we monitored by recording probes and fortnightly/monthly field campaigns the physical and chemical conditions of two rock glacier springs (ZRG, SRG) in the Zay and Solda/Sulden catchments (Eastern Italian Alps). The springs have contrasting hydrological conditions with ZRG emerging with evident ponding (pond‐like), and SRG being a typical high‐elevation seep (stream‐like). Water temperature was constantly low (mean 1.2°C, standard deviation 0.1°C) at both springs. Concentrations of major ions (dominated by SO42−, HCO3−, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and trace elements (As, Sr, Ba, U, Rb) increased, and water became more enriched in heavy stable isotopes (δ18O, δ2H) towards autumn. This solute and isotopic enrichment had an asymptotic trend at SRG, and a unimodal pattern at ZRG, where peaks occurred 60–80 days after the snowmelt end. Wavelet analysis of electrical conductivity (EC) and water temperature records revealed daily cycles only at SRG, and significant weekly/biweekly fluctuations at both springs attributable to oscillations of meteorological conditions. Several rainfall events triggered a transient (0.5–2 h) EC drop (of 5–240 μS cm−1) and water temperature rise (of 0.2–1.4°C) at SRG (dilution and warming), whereas only intense rainfall events occasionally increased EC (by 15–85 μS cm−1) at ZRG (solute enrichment and thermal buffering), with a long‐lasting effect (6–48 h). Building on previous research, we suggest that rock glacier springs with differing flow conditions, that is, stream‐like and pond‐like, have contrasting fluctuations of water parameters at different timescales. Thus, for pond‐like springs, peaks of EC/solute concentrations might indicate a seasonal window of major permafrost thaw. Our quantitative description of the hydrochemical seasonality in rock glacier outflows and the physical and chemical response to precipitation events provides relevant information for water management in mountain areas under climate change.
Thermoluminescent dosimetry of panoramic radiography

This study aims to calibrate a thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) using a diagnostic radiation device and evaluate the dose of panoramic radiography. TLD-100s were calibrated using a solid-state dosimeter (Unfors Mult-O-Meter 512L; Unfors Instruments, Billdal, Sweden) and a diagnostic radiation device (HDT-500R; Hyun Dai Medical X-ray Co., Paju, Korea). Forty eight TLDs were placed in 24 sites of a head and neck phantom of a male (ART-210; Radiology Support Devices Inc., Long Beach, CA, USA), and panoramic radiation was performed under exposure parameters of 70 kVp and 10 mA using a ProMax (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland). Using the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 2007 recommendation, the effective dose of panoramic radiography was calculated from the absorbed doses of the tissues of the 24 TLD sites in a head and neck phantom. The absorbed dose of the TLD site was higher in the parotid gland (right: 1854.4 μ Gy, left: 1788.9 μ Gy) and lower in the calvarium anterior (3.8 μ Gy). The effective dose was calculated at 28.4 μ Sv. The cancer and heritable risks were 1.56×10 –6 and 5.67×10 –8 , respectively. The TLD was calibrated using a diagnostic radiographic device, and the panoramic radiographic dose was evaluated. The findings of this study could be helpful in future dose studies.
Entecavir Induced Severe Myopathy: An Uncommon Side Effect

Chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a chronic viral illness that affects millions of people around the world and can cause serious consequences such as hepatic failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Entecavir, a guanosine nucleoside analog (NA), is a commonly used and generally safe therapeutic agent in HBV infection. In this paper, we aimed to present a case of chronic HBV that developed severe myopathy as an extremely rare side effect after the use of entecavir. Patients receiving entecavir therapy for chronic HBV should be closely monitored for the development of myopathy as well as other known and common side effects.
Service user storytelling in social work education: goals, constraints, strategies, and risks

ABSTRACT Social work education increasingly prioritizes including service user narratives as part of classroom curriculum. Lived experience has also become valorized in health and social service sectors, where service users are employed as peer workers to use their experiential knowledge to inform, educate, and influence the sector. Drawing on in-depth qualitative interviews, this paper allows peer workers to reflect on their experiences of being invited to share their stories of experiences of homelessness and/or mental health issues as part of their work role. Peer workers note that sharing their stories is complicated: it is often understood as an expectation of their labour, there are contextual conditions that limit the ways that they tell their stories and how narratives are interpreted through larger metanarratives of mental illness and recovery. Participants discuss social justice goals they have when sharing their stories, as well as strategies they have developed to best achieve these goals. Peers also consider the personal and political risks they undertake when sharing their narratives in various contexts. These findings contribute to the field by exploring how storytelling, often considered a benign anti-oppressive practice in social work education, is actually fraught with complications, considerations, and consequences for those undertaking the storytelling.
Darwin’s finches habitually anoint their feathers with leaves of the endemic tree
 Psidium galapageium
 during the non‐breeding season

Birds host a wide range of ectoparasites and have developed behavioural strategies to combat them, such as preening, dust bathing and water bathing. In addition, a wide range of avian taxa anoint their feathers with insects or plants that have pharmaceutical properties, though most observations on anointing are anecdotal. Darwin's finches preen with leaves of an endemic tree ( Psidium galapageium ) and a previous laboratory study has shown that this plant has compounds that repel both mosquitoes and the invasive parasitic fly Philornis downsi , whose larvae suck blood from nestlings and incubating females and cause high nestling mortality. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that preening with P . galapageium leaves serves to repel these parasites with an indirect approach. Mosquitoes and P . downsi affect their hosts mainly during the bird breeding season and P . downsi only affects breeding females, but not adult males. To test our hypothesis, we gathered quantitative data on leaf- preening behaviour in Darwin's finches during their breeding and non-breeding season and also investigated the influence of time of day and humidity, as humid conditions facilitate the release of volatile organic compounds. Contrary to our predictions, anointing occurred significantly more often during the non- breeding season when mosquito and P . downsi numbers are lower. Four Darwin's finch species anointed their feathers habitually, and during the non- breeding season, 56% of all preening events were with leaves. We found no effect of sex, but preening with leaves occurred predominately in the morning when leaves were wet. Our study is the first to provide quantitative data on anointing behaviour in birds and the high percentage of preening with leaves in the non- breeding season suggests that the behaviour has an adaptive value. However, further studies are needed to test whether it reduces the negative impact of parasites other than mosquitoes and P . downsi .
Staying in touch, yet expected to be? A diary study on the relationship between personal smartphone use at work and work–nonwork interaction

The present study challenges the prevalent negative view of personal smartphone use at work and advances our understanding of its effects on the work – nonwork interface. Drawing on border theory, we focus on the social and instrumental feature of smartphones that allows employees to be connected with their private contacts (e.g. friends and family members) while at work and, thereby, test the inﬂuence of day-level personal smartphone use at work on positive and negative work – nonwork interaction (WNI). In considering social experiences of smartphone-enabled communication, we propose underlying explanatory mechanisms, namely, the social beneﬁts (i.e. feeling in touch with private contacts) and social costs (i.e. feeling expected to respond to private contacts) of communication. One hundred and twenty-seven employees participated in a diary study. They completed online questionnaires three times a day over ten working days, resulting in a total of 1,066 days of data. Multilevel structural equation modelling indicated that on the day-level of analysis, personal smartphone use at work promoted positive WNI through the perceived social beneﬁts of communication and increased negative WNI through the perceived social costs of communication. We discuss our ﬁndings and extend current research on personal smartphone use at work by acknowledging this widespread workplace behaviour as both beneﬁcial and detrimental for successfully managing the daily interplay of the work and nonwork domains.
Investigation of the Unsaponifiable and Saponifiable Matters of Pachypodium Lamerei Drake Leaves and Stems by GC/MS

Pachypodium lamerei Drake (family Apocynaceae) is native to Madagascar and is known as Madagascar palm. The present study shows that, the unsaponifiable matter of P. lamerei contains various compounds identified as hydrocarbons (5.43%), pregnane (0.92%), steroids (11.54%), triterpenes (8.78%) as well as other oxygenated compounds (61.3%). While, the saponifiable matter contains twenty compounds from which ten were identified as methyl esters of saturated fatty acids (32.31%) in addition to hydroxylated fatty acids (9.96%) whereas ten fatty acids (57.73%) couldn’t be identified. This is the first record of the GC/MS analysis for genus Pachypodium.
Enhancement of mechanical property of modified polyurethane with bis-butyl succinate

A new crosslinker (bis-butyl succinate, BBS) with terminal alkyne group has been explored in this study that can react with glycidyl azide polymer-based polyurethane (original PU) via "azide-alkyne" click reaction, which has supported enhanced mechanical properties and cross-link densities of modified PUs with BBS. Besides, this crosslinker has been designed and synthesized successfully via an esterification to incorporate with the original PU through the formation of 1,2,3-triazole groups. Notably, the mechanical properties of resultant modified PUs are investigated to indicate a relationship of mole ratio of [C≡C]/[N3] and cross-link density. Specifically, the stress and Young's modulus of the modified PUs increase (δ = 0.361–1.681 MPa, and E = 0.254–5.453 MPa), whereas their strain decrease (ε = 320.8–36.6%) on increasing the synthesized BBS content (mole ratio of [C≡C]/[N3] = 0–0.10) regarding to the increased rigid 1,2,3-triazole networks, as well as the cross-link densities of the modified PUs increase (ve = 0.175–5.221 mol·cm·10, or ve = 0.131–3.842 mol·g·10) with the BBS content (mole ratio of [C≡C]/[N3] = 0–0.10) through the MooneyRivlin equation. Resulting that there is an enhancement in the mechanical behaviors of the original PU crosslinked with BBS; concomitantly, the different mole ratio of [C≡C]/[N3] prepared in the present study can reveal new approaches for the design and future application of the original PU with alkyne compounds, as well as their desired cross-link densities can be controlled easily for powerful and selective reactions.
Bosna-Hersek’te Türkçe Öğretiminin Güncel Durumu

21. yuzyilin baslarindan itibaren dunyada Turkce ogretimi faaliyetleri hiz kazanmistir. Ozellikle Balkanlarda yasayan halklarin Turkce ogrenmeye yonelik motivasyonlari yuksektir. Bu calismada, gunumuzde Bosna Hersek’te Turkce ogretimini yuruten kurumlar ve bunlarin etkinlikleri, universiteler bunyesindeki Turkoloji bolumlerinin tanitilip incelenmesi ile Turkcenin orta ve uzun vadedeki geleceginin tartisilmasi amaclanmistir. Calismanin, Bosna Hersek’te Turkcenin guncel durumu hakkinda genel bir perspektif sunacagi; arastirma yapacak konunun uzmanlarina ayrintili bilgiler verecegi dusunulmektedir. Bu baglamda TIKA, Saraybosna Yunus Emre Enstitusu, Mostar Yunus Emre Enstitusu, Fojnica Yunus Emre Enstitusu, Maarif Koleji ile Saraybosna, Zenica, Tuzla, Mostar Džemal Bijedic ve Uluslararasi Saraybosna Universitelerinin Turkoloji bolumleri incelenmistir. Calismanin yontemi betimsel tarama modelidir. Calismanin sonuc bolumunde Bosna Hersek'te Turkce ogretiminde gorulen eksikliklere yer verilmistir. Ayrica Turkcenin yayginlasmasi ve kaliciligini arttirmaya yonelik onerilere deginilmistir.
Investigation of Thermal Expansion and Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Nanocrystalline Aluminum Nanocomposite

Abstract Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced nanocrystalline aluminum matrix composites are fabricated by a simple and effective physical mixing method with sonication. In this study, the microstructural characterisations and property evaluations of the nanocomposites were performed. The structural characterisations revealed that CNTs were dispersed, embedded, and anchored within the metal matrix. A strong interfacial adhesion appeared between CNTs and nanocrystalline aluminum as a result of the fabrication process. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies also confirmed the surface adherence of CNTs with nanocrystalline aluminum matrix during the fabrication process. Thermal expansion behaviour of CNT-reinforced aluminum matrix composites was investigated up to 240°C using a dilatometer. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the nanocomposites decreased continuously with the increasing content of CNTs. The maximum reduction of 82% was found for 4 wt% CNTs in the nanocomposite. The coefficient of thermal expansion variation with CNTs was also compared with the predictions from the thermoelastic models. The expansion behaviour of the nanocomposites was correlated to the microstructure, internal stresses, and phase segregations. The electrical and thermal conductivity was also studied and was observed to decrease for all reinforced CNT weight fractions.
Linking cognitive load, mindfulness, and self-efficacy in college students with and without learning disabilities

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to test whether cognitive load is associated with mindfulness and self-efficacy in students with and without learning disabilities. In this study, 60 students with learning disabilities and 60 students without learning disabilities were evaluated for cognitive load, mindfulness, and self-efficacy using three separate instruments. Study findings showed that the learning-disabled population performed consistently worse both on cognitive load and on mindfulness and self-efficacy than the normally developed population. Significant associations were found between the variables only in the group of students without learning disabilities. This study’s findings point to the importance of developing both student and teacher training programmes that focus on effective methods for reducing cognitive load and improving focus and mindfulness, ultimately resulting in improved self-efficacy in students with learning disabilities.
Potential for prevention of non‐O157 Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli contamination in traditionally fermented African maize gruel by fermentative probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum

Summary Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are a frequent cause of STEC-related infections such as diarrhoea. Fermentation by presumptive probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum strain B411 isolated from cereal fermentation was investigated to prevent the growth of acid-adapted (AA) and non-acid-adapted (NAA) non-O157 STEC in traditionally fermented maize gruel, a widely used complementary food in Africa. L. plantarum strain B411 possessed probiotic characteristics and antimicrobial activity against selected pathogenic bacteria. Growth of AA and NAA non-O157 STEC strains was substantially inhibited by 3.6 and 4.8 log reductions, respectively, in the maize gruel fermented with the L. plantarum B411, while their growth was only inhibited by 1.0 and 1.2 log reductions, respectively, by traditional fermentation alone. Inclusion of fermentative strains of L. plantarum exhibiting probiotic activity is a feasible method to ensure safety of traditionally fermented African cereal porridges through inhibition of non-O157 STEC.
Lead and Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress in the Epididymis and Spleen of Rats: Effects of Sesamol

Lead and cadmium are known as environmental pollutants extensively found in food and water that induce hazards to animals’ and people’s health. Sesamol is a dietary antioxidant that is found in some plants. Epididymis is known to play an important role in the maturation and storage of the sperm. The spleen is an important organ involved in the immune response. The present study aims to analyze the oxidative stress in spleen and epididymis. Therefore, Lead (LN) (90 mg/kg bw per day, 1/25 LD50), Cadmium (CdCl2) (3 mg/kg bw per day, 1/25 LD50), and sesamol (50 mg/kg bw per day) were given to rats by gavage for 28 days. Antioxidant enzyme activities in epididymis and spleen tissues [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S transferase], malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated at the end of 28 days comparatively with the control group. It is revealed that there is a significant decline in the antioxidant enzymes and increase in MDA levels in the spleen and epididymis tissues of the lead and cadmium treated rats compared to the control group. A small increase in these parameters was also observed in the sesamol treated groups.
Fuzzy observer–based disturbance rejection control for nonlinear fractional-order systems with time-varying delay

In this article, a Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model is applied to deal with the problem of observer-based control design for nonlinear time-delayed systems with fractional-order α ∈ ( 0,1 ) . By applying the Lyapunov–Krasovskii method, a fuzzy observer–based controller is established to stabilize the time-delayed fractional-order Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model. Also, the problem of disturbance rejection for the addressed systems is studied via the state-feedback method in the form of a parallel distributed compensation approach. Furthermore, sufficient conditions for the existence of state-feedback gains and observer gains are achieved in the terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, two numerical examples are simulated for the validation of the presented methods.
Crystal structure of 6,8-diphenyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(3H)-one, C27H20FNO

Abstract C27H20FNO, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.1620 Å, b = 13.8779 Å, c = 11.1618 Å, β = 99.710(1)°, V = 2009.62(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0436, wRref(F2) = 0.1310, T = 173(2) K.
Resolving the cultural loneliness paradox of choice: The role of cultural norms about individual choice regarding relationships in explaining loneliness in four European countries

Do cultural norms that allow individuals to choose their social relationships put them at risk for, or protect them from, loneliness? After all, more freedom to choose whom to relate to may promote that individuals can choose higher-quality relationships (which protects from loneliness), but it may also imply a higher risk of social isolation (which puts at risk for loneliness). We propose that the solution to this cultural loneliness paradox of choice is to distinguish whether more individual choice flows from cultural norms that provide more opportunities for new relationships (as implied by higher relational mobility; higher RMn), or from cultural norms that allow to leave established relationships (as implied by lower relational stability; lower RSn). Specifically, we suggest that more individual choice protects from loneliness when emerging from higher RMn (which allows to establish new higher-quality relationships), but puts at risk for loneliness when emerging from lower RSn (which increases the risk of social isolation by undermining the stability of established relationships). Findings from two cross-sectional survey studies in four European countries (Study 1: Finland, N = 237; Portugal, N = 261; Study 2: Poland, N = 242; Austria, N = 2 41) supported this line of thought: Higher RMn was consistently related to lower loneliness across all samples, and lower RSn was related to higher loneliness in two out of four samples (and either non-significantly related to higher loneliness or unrelated to it in the other two samples). We discuss the importance and implications of differentiating RMn and RSn to resolve the cultural loneliness paradox of choice.
Evaluation of planting design for cajuput development (Melaleuca cajuputi Powel) in KPH Bojonegoro

Development of cajuput plantation currently becomes the most important activity in KPH Bojonegoro since it provides an essential contribution to maintain the future viability of company. However, the growth performance of cajuput stand relatively varies one of which is influenced by planting design. This study aims to determine the optimum planting design for supporting cajuput stand development. It was conducted by evaluating two different planting designs that generally used for cajuput establishment, namely C1 (spacing 3 m x 1 m) and C2 (spacing 5 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m). Five parameters were used to evaluate the growth performance and oil production of cajuput stand for each planting design, i.e., survival rate, quadratic mean diameter, basal area, harvesting biomass, and cajuput oil production. Data were collected by field measurement using a sampling plot 50 m x 50 m with six replications for each planting design. Comparison mean of cajuput growth performance between two planting designs were analyzed separately for each parameter using t-test . Results documented there were not a significant different for all parameters, except survival rate. The planting design C2 generated higher survival rate (94.9%) than planting design C1 (64.7%). The planting design C2 was recommended for cajuput development in KPH Bojonegoro. Besides requiring the lower planting density, the use of planting design C2 can optimize land utility with a similar productivity to planting design C1.
Synthesis of inositol‐based star polymers through low ppm ATRP methods

The vitamin B8-based macroinitiator with six 2-bromoisobutyric initiating sites was prepared for the first time by the transesterification reaction of meso-inositol with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide. A series of six-armed (co)polymers, containing hydrophilic poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) and amphiphilic poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) as the arms and meso-inositol as the core, were obtained by low ppm atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) methods, utilizing 30 ppm of catalyst complex. Under Fe0-mediated supplemental activators and reducing agents ATRP, Cu0-mediated supplemental activators and reducing agents ATRP, Ag0-mediated activators regenerated by electron transfer ATRP, and simplified electrochemically mediated ATRP conditions, polymerization proceeded on to high conversion while maintaining low dispersity (Đ = 1.05–1.16) giving well-defined six-armed star (co)polymers. 1H NMR spectral results confirm the formation of new star-shaped block (co)polymers. The absence of intermolecular coupling reactions during synthesis was confirmed by gel permeation chromatography analyses of the side chains of received star (co)polymers. These vitamin B8-based star (co)polymers may find biomedical applications as thermo-sensitive drug delivery systems, biosensors, and tissue engineering solutions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.