Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pulping of Rice Straw by High Boiling Solvents in Atmospheric Pressure

and diethylene glycol + ethylene glycol + 2% NaOH was studied in order to investigate the effects of the cooking variables (temperature and different organic solvent mixtures) on the properties of obtained pulp ( cooking yield, Kappa number, freeness (CSF)) and paper (breaking length, burst index, folding endurance, tear index). Delignification was increased by increasing of the temperature and hand sheet papers with better bondability of fibres were obtained but the strength or length of the fibres with increasing temperature were decreased. With the use of 2% sodium hydroxide in cooking solvent, papers with superior mechanical properties were obtained. Properties that are sensitive to bondability of fibres, such as, breaking length, burst index, folding endurance, were increased with increasing of temperature, but another property sensitive to the length or strength of fibres, that is, tear index, was decreased with increasing of temperature. Jamshid Mohammadi-Rovshandeh*, Alireza Talebizadeh, and Pejman Rezayati-Charani
The Role of Analogical Abduction in Skill Acquisition

We discuss the effectiveness of analogical abduction in skill acquisition. Abductive inference makes it possible to find missing links that explain a given knack in achieving a skillful task. We introduced meta level abduction to realize rule abduction which is mandatory in finding intermediate missing links to be added in knack explanation. Analogical abduction can be achieved by adding analogical inference rules to causality meta rules within meta level abduction. We have applied our analogical abduction method to the problem of explaining the difficult cello playing techniques of spiccato and rapid cross strings of the bow movement. Our method has constructed persuasive analogical explanations about how to play them. We have used a model of forced vibration mechanics as the analogy base world for spiccato, and the specification of the skeletal structure of the hand as the basis for the cross string bowing technique. We also have applied analogical abduction to show the effectiveness of a metaphorical expression of “eating pancake on the sly” to achieve forte-piano dynamics, and successfully identified an analogical explanation of how it works. Through these examples, we show the effectiveness of analogical abduction in skill acquisition. Furthermore we discuss the importance of meta level representation as a basis for providing rich human cognitive paradigm such as causality, analogy and metaphor.
Physico-Chemical and Cooking Properties of Some Rice Varieties to Produce Salty and Sweet Puffed Rice

To determine the possibility of producing puffed snacks from rice grains, physical, chemical, cooking and puffing properties of three rice varieties, namely Sakha 101, Giza 178 and Egyptian Jasmine beside one Basmati type were investigated. Results showed that Sakha 101 has the highest percentage of brown, milled and head rice and the lowest hulls and broken rice percentage followed by Giza 178. While for broken rice character, Egyptian Jasmine showed the highest percentage of broken rice followed by Sakha 101 and Giza 178. Moreover, the results reported that there were significant differences in the protein contents between Sakha 101 (8.23%) and the other studied varieties being 7.1, 7.35 and 6.72 % for Giza 178, Egyptian Jasmine and Basmati grain rice, respectively. As for puffed yield character, Basmati grain showed the highest yield 96.72 followed by Egyptian Jasmine rice (96.1%), then Giza 178 tailed behind (93.56%). Sakha 101 had the highest expansion volume, whereas, Egyptian Jasmine had the lowest expansion volume. No significant differences in expansion ratio character in Sakha 101, Giza 178 and Basmati grains. Egyptian Jasmine had the lowest expansion ratio. The results of organoleptic evaluation for the prepared salty puffed rice indicated that, the samples of salty puffed rice from Sakha 101 recorded better scores for crispness and taste characters compared with other salty puffed rice samples. Moreover, no significant differences were found in flavour and overall acceptability for all salty puffed rice samples. On the other hand, all sweaty puffed rice samples belonging to different varieties showed a good overall acceptability. It can be recommended that, salty and sweet puffed rice could be prepared from different varieties of rice.
The dynamics of livelihood diversification in post-famine Ethiopia

Based on data for almost 300 households this paper explores associations among income diversification, household perceptions of livelihood risks, and changes in consumption outcomes across two points in time in post-famine Ethiopia. Four key questions are addressed: i) To what extent did households emerging from the famine period with relatively higher income and calorie consumption levels also have a more diversified income base? ; ii) Was higher income diversification in 1989 associated with higher income and consumption levels by 1994? ; iii) Which households increased their share of income from non-cropping activities most during the inter-survey years? ; and iv) Did household heads perceive a lack of non-farm income activities to be an important risk factor in famine vulnerability? We find that wealthier households tended to have more diversified income streams; those initially more diversified subsequently experienced a relatively greater increase in both income and calorie intake; households with a greater concentration of assets were more likely to fall in their relative outcome ranking (as were female-headed households); and, initially less diversified households subsequently realized greater gains in income diversification. We also find suggestive evidence that personal perceptions of risk factors guided subsequent diversification decisions.  2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
(cASc9) on doxorubicin (dOX)-resistant breast cancer and to reveal the potential underlying mechanisms. The expression of cASc9 in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, in addition to drug-resistant breast cancer cells (McF-7/dOX), was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain 

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the long noncoding RNA cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (cASc9) on doxorubicin (dOX)-resistant breast cancer and to reveal the potential underlying mechanisms. The expression of cASc9 in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, in addition to drug-resistant breast cancer cells (McF-7/dOX), was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Subsequently, McF-7/dOX cells were transfected with the silencing vector pS-cASc9, containing enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MdR1) or control small interfering (si)RNAs. The viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion of the transfected cells were assessed via an MTT assay, flow cytometry and a Transwell assay, respectively. The expression levels of apoptosis-associated proteins (apoptosis regulator Bcl-2, apoptosis regulator BAX, caspase-3 and caspase-9) were determined by western blotting. An RNA pull-down assay was performed to identify cASc9-binding candidates. In addition, the expression levels of the MdR1 gene and its encoded protein, P-glycoprotein, were detected. cASc9 expression was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and drug-resistant breast cancer cells. CASC9 knockdown significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of drug-resistant breast cancer cells, and decreased the half-maximal inhibitory concentration dOX in McF-7/dOX cells. The RNA pull-down assay revealed that cASc9 engaged EZH2; EZH2 siRNA significantly inhibited the cell growth, metastasis and chemoresistance of McF-7/dOX cells. Additionally, EZH2 may regulate the MdR1 gene. The present study demonstrated the oncogenic role of cASc9 in drug-resistant breast cancer by binding to EZH2 and regulating the MdR1 gene. Modulation of cASc9 expression may be a promising target in the therapy of breast cancer and drug-resistant breast cancer.
In vitro evaluation of the association of chitosan and cashew nut shell liquid as additives for ruminants

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the in vitro digestibility of nutrients from different diets added with chitosan (Q), technic cashew nut shell liquid (LCC) and the association of Q and LCC. The treatments used consisted of 4 diets (forage: concentrate ratio of 100: 0, 50:50, 40:60 and 20:80) associated with 4 additives (control, chitosan, LCC and the association of Q + LCC), totaling 16 treatments, in a 4x4 factorial randomized block design. The dosages used were: Control (without additives), LCC (600mg/kg DM), Chitosan (900mg/kg DM), and LCCQ (600mg/kg LCC DM + 900mg/kg Chitosan DM). In the laboratory, samples were analyzed for IVDMD, IVNDFD, IVCPD, pH and RAN (ruminal ammonia nitrogen). For pH and RAN analyses, samples were taken at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after incubation. The results showed higher digestibility of DM, NDF and CP for diets with chitosan and technic cashew nut shell liquid alone and higher pH and RAN values in the diets containing the two additives. The association of additives brings better results for animal nutrition and increases ruminant productivity.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Small Ruminants from Cholistan Desert and Agricultural Areas of Rahim Yar Khan and Rajan Pur (Punjab) Pakistan

The present study was conducted to assess the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in small ruminants in Cholistan desert, Rahim Yar Khan and Rajan Pur districts of Southern Punjab, Pakistan to compare the rates of infections at species level and also to evaluate the relationship of T. gondii infection with age, gender and flock size of animals. The blood samples were collected randomly from 1200 small ruminants and examined for the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection by using latex agglutination test. Out of total of 1200 blood samples collected from small ruminants (31.41%) were found positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies. The infection were found higher in sheep (37.31%) than in goats (29.13%), whereas the infection were almost the same in male and female small ruminants. A positive correlation was found in the age and flock size of small ruminants and prevalence of toxoplasmosis.
Six-Channel Diplexer using Stub-Loaded Stepped Impedance Resonators

─ In this paper, a compact six-channel diplexer with low insertion loss and high isolation level is presented. The diplexer consists of two tri-band bandpass filters (BPFs), two meander transmission lines and hookshaped feeding lines. The BPFs are designed based on stub-loaded stepped impedance resonators (SLSIRs). Based on evenand odd-mode (EOM) analysis of the resonator, there are two resonant modes that operate at the same frequency. For splitting the two modes, stubstub coupling is employed here. The combination of the two BPFs is implemented by utilizing two meander transmission lines as the impedance matching network. Finally the proposed diplexer operating at 1.46/1.74/2.96 GHz (for Load 1) and 0.89/1.15/2.40 GHz (for Load 2) is fabricated and measured. A good agreement between simulated and measured results evidently validates the proposed diplexer. Index Terms ─ Bandpass filters, six-channel diplexer, stub-loaded stepped impedance resonators, stub-stub coupling.
Derivation of the Euler Characteristic Densities of Non-Central T- and F-Random Fields

In order to use this formula, we first need to derive the first and second derivatives of these non-central fields. Derivation of the derivatives and the EC densities for central Tand F-random fields has been described in details by Worsley (1994). Since non-central random fields are derived from Gaussian random fields, we follow the derivation by Adler (1980) and Worsley (1994) to find the derivatives and EC densities for non-central Tand F-fields.
THREE-PHASE CONVERTER POWER CONTROLLABILITY USING FUZZY LOGIC AN UNBALANCED AC SOURCE

This paper explains the power controllability of three phase converter with an unbalanced AC source by using fuzzy logic controller. Three-phase DC-AC power converters suffer from power oscillation and over current problems in case of unbalanced AC source voltage that can be caused by grid/generator faults. Existing solutions to handle these problems are properly selecting and controlling the positive and negative sequence currents. In this work a new series of control strategies which utilize the zerosequence components are proposed to enhance the power control ability under this adverse condition. A fuzzy logic controller is rule based logic; it is having more advantages than other controllers. By using fuzzy logic controller we get required output. It is concluded that by introducing proper zero sequence current controls and corresponding circuit configurations, the power converter can enable more flexible control targets, achieving better performances in the delivered power and load current when suffering from unbalanced AC source.
A GEOSTATISTIC BASED SEGMENTATION APPROACH FOR REMOTELY SENSED IMAGES

As to many conventional segmentation approaches , spatial autocorrelation, perhaps being the first law of geography, is always overlooked. Thus, the corresponding segmentation results are always not so satisfying, which will further affect the subsequent image processing or analyses. In order to improve segmentation results, a geostatistic based segmentation approach with the consideration of spatial autocorrelation hidden in remote-sensing images is proposed in this article. First, by calculating the mean variance between each pair of pixels at given different lag distances, information like the size of typical targets in the scene can be obtained, and segmentation thresholds are calculated accordingly. Second, an initial region growing segmentation approach is implemented. Finally, based on the segmentation thresholds obtained at the first step and the initial segmentation results, the final segmentation results are obtained using the same region growing approach by taking the local mutual best fitting strategy. From the experiment results, we found the approach is rather promising. However, there still exists some problems to be settled, and further researches should be conducted in the future.
D ec 2 01 4 Classical nature of ordered phases : origin of spontaneous symmetry breaking

Dipartimento di Fisica “E. R. Caianiello”, Università deg li Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy INFN, Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degl i Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5 , 1090 Vienna, Austria CNISM Unità di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy (Dated: August 6, 2014)
THE INFLUENCING FACTORS IN THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF THE VISEGRÁD GROUP IN THE LAST TEN YEARS AND THEIR COMPARISON TO RUSSIA'S EXPERIENCE1

Objective: examination of development of the business environment in the Central and Eastern European Visegrád Group /Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Poland and Hungary/ in the last ten years, 2004–2014, by determining its influencing factors, and comparison of the results with the experience of the Russian Federation. Methods: approximation of the business environment with the help of five business-entity oriented indicators and analysis of relationship between them and their influencing factors, i.e. areas of competitiveness in the definition of the Heritage Foundation, based on correlation analysis, time series co-integration model and a specific panel co-integration model. Research results: the characteristic feature of the business environment in the Visegrád Group was adapting to integration into regional and global value chains. The main influencing factors of these changes were fiscal, trade and investment freedoms, to a lesser extent – freedom from corruption, as well as membership in the European Union. The development in the Russian Federation was focused on concentration of business activities improving all indicators of the business environment and being caused by third factors. Scientific novelty: first major complex study on the business environment in the Visegrád Group and in Russia, published in the Russian Federation. Practical value: better insight in the development of the business environment in the Central and Eastern European economies and in Russia, which can be used in macroeconomic policies of the Russian Federation.
Quality assurance for design control and implementation of immunohistochemistry assays; Approved guidelinesecond edition

Immunohistochemistry is an analytical technique that applies an antibody reagent to detect and visualize an antigen in cytological and surgical pathology microscopy specimens in the context of histomorphology and cytomorphology. The clinical-pathological interpretation of the presence and patterns of the antibody-antigen reactions is performed in a manner similar to other molecular pathology assays. Immunohistochemistry is used in diagnostic pathology for diagnosis, determination of prognosis, and predictive assays for response to therapy. Accurate and reproducible results require quality assurance of the total test system including the design control of the reagents and the preexamination (preanalytical), examination (analytical), and postexamination (postanalytical) interpretation steps (processes) of the assay to ensure its clinical applicability. This guideline focuses on validation of immunohistochemistry assays on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pathology material. The audience for this guideline includes the assay developer, the reagent supplier, laboratory histotechnologist who performs the assay, and the laboratory director/pathologist who implements and interprets the assay. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Quality Assurance for Design Control and Implementation of Immunohistochemistry Assays; Approved Guideline—Second Edition. CLSI document I/LA28-A2 (ISBN 1-56238-745-6). Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 950 West Valley Road, Suite 2500, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087 USA, 2011. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute consensus process, which is the mechanism for moving a document through two or more levels of review by the health care community, is an ongoing process. Users should expect revised editions of any given document. Because rapid changes in technology may affect the procedures, methods, and protocols in a standard or guideline, users should replace outdated editions with the current editions of CLSI documents. Current editions are listed in the CLSI catalog and posted on our website at www.clsi.org. If your organization is not a member and would like to become one, and to request a copy of the catalog, contact us at: Telephone: 610.688. 0100; Fax: 610.688. 0700; E-Mail: customerservice@clsi.org; Website: www.clsi.org. This is a preview of "CLSI I/LA28-A2". Click here to purchase the full version from the ANSI store.
Time-Slotted ALOHA-based LoRaWAN Scheduling with Aggregated Acknowledgement Approach

Long range (LoRa) wide-area network (LoRaWAN) protocol is a promising candidate for Internet of Things devices that operate on Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN). Recent studies on this protocol are mostly focused on uplink (UL) communication. In particular, the performance of the pure ALOHA type MAC protocol used in this protocol is not fully observed. Investigations have revealed that the pure ALOHA type MAC protocol and downlink (DL) traffic may cause significant negative impacts in terms of the scalability and the reliability of the network. For this respect, in this paper, we propose an extension to LoRaWAN MAC layer, called Aggregated Acknowledgment Slotted Scheduling LoRaWAN (A2S2-LoRaWAN), to improve the scalability and reliability of LoRaWAN. A2S2-LoRaWAN contains time-slotted ALOHA-based periodic frame structure, which is supported by aggregated acknowledgment methods, for scheduling transmissions. A2S2-LoRaWAN reduces UL-DL traffic and increases the scalability of LoRaWAN. For instance, while A2S2-LoRaWAN decreases UL-DL traffic five times compared to LoRaWAN, its success rate with 10,000 End-Devices (EDs) transmitting 10-byte payload is twice better than the success rate of LoRaWAN with a single gateway (GW).
Estimating the Dynamics of SPARQL Query Results Using Binary Classification

We address the problem of estimating when the results of an input SPARQL query over dynamic RDF datasets will change. We evaluate a framework that extracts features from the query and/or from past versions of the target dataset and inputs them into binary classiﬁers to predict whether or not the results for a query will change at a ﬁxed point in the near future. For this evaluation, we create a gold standard based on 23 versions of Wikidata and a curated collection of 221 SPARQL queries. Our results show that the quality of predictions possible using (only) features based on the query structure and lightweight statistics of the predicate dynamics – though capable of beating a random baseline – are not competitive with results obtained using (more costly to derive) knowledge of the complete historical changes in the query results.
Oncogenic functions of ARTEMIN in ER negative mammary carcinoma

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AEROBIC BACTERIAL PATHOGENS OF PNEUMONIC FEEDLOT BUFFALO-CALVES, IN ASSIUT GOVERNORATE, EGYPT

The current study conducted on 68 lung samples from 1-3 years old buffalo-calves slaughtered at Assiut abattoirs. The samples showed variable gross lesions of pneumonia in particular the grey and red hepatization. The bacteriological examinations indicated that 66 (97.06%) samples of the examined lungs were positive for mixed bacterial isolation, while the other two samples (2.94%) found to be bacteriologically negative. Staphylococcus aureus (22.43%); Escherichia coli (18.22%) and Pasteurella multocida (15.89%) were the predominant isolated bacterial pathogens. However, Proteus vulgaris (7.01%); Streptococcus. pyogenes (5.61%); Actinomyces pyogenes (3.74%); Klebsiella pneumoniae (3.27%) and Corynebacterium bovis (2.8%) were also isolated. Pasteurella multocida were isolated from pulmonary tissues and their virulence and pathogenicity test revealed that all injected mice were died at various time-intervals, from less than 24 hours up to 48 hours, with 100% mortality rates.
DETECTION AND MODELING OF TRADING DAY EFFECTS

We illustrate the roles of three types of diagnostics for detecting or confirming the presence of trading day effects and for selecting among competing trading day models. These are spectral analysis, AIC comparisons, and out-of-sample forecast-error diagnostics. We show merits and limitations of each in the context of a study of four alternative trading day models for fifty-eight Census Bureau time series. We consider both direct estimation from the observations and indirect estimation from the irregulars.
Haemophilus influenzae meningitis

Jeffrey A Rumbaugh MD ( Dr. Rumbaugh of the Johns Hopkins University has no relevant financial relationships to disclose. ) Karen L Roos MD FAAN, editor. ( Dr. Roos of Indiana University School of Medicine has no relevant financial relationships to disclose.) Originally released February 28, 2005; last updated September 8, 2009; expires September 8, 2012 Notice: This article has expired and is therefore not available for CME credit.