Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transceiver Optimization of Wireless Power Transfer System with Multiple Transmitters to Single Receiver

While many companies have launched various wireless chargers in mobile industries, conventional wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies are available only for a very short distance due to large attenuation of the magnetic fields. A magnetic beamforming WPT system achieves an enhanced power transfer efficiency (PTE) with a longer wireless charging distance by focusing the magnetic fields to the receiver. However, conventional magnetic beamforming scheme needs complex calculation for optimal input voltage due to the magnetic couplings between multiple transmitters. Additionally, these couplings diminish the PTE of the WPT system. This paper presents the maximum performance of the WPT system with multiple transmitters to the single receiver by transceiver optimization. In the transmitter side, a magnetic beamforming with a non-coupling coil pattern is introduced. Our proposed optimization in the transmitter side can achieve the enhanced PTE by controlling the only magnitude of the voltage source compared to the conventional magnetic beamforming. In the receiver side, a load optimization is introduced. The method for finding the optimal load impedance value is derived. After optimization in both sides, the WPT system can achieve a maximum performance under any circumstances. The improvement is verified via circuit simulation.
Active Fractions of Methanol Crude Obtained from Acacia seyal gum: Antioxidant Capacity, using FTIR Analysis

The present study is on Acacia seyal gum (ASG), which is an exudate from Talha tree. It provides a rich source of polyphenolics compounds that are used traditionally in folk medicine. The study aims to determine the antioxidant capacity (AC) and functional groups of ASG and Prebio-T-commercial (PTC) samples. The methanol crude extracts of both ASG and PTC have fractioned into chloroform (CHF), hexane (HF), acetone (AF) and methanol (MF) using solvent-solvent portion. Both ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays for each fraction examined. Crude methanol extracts (CME) and its active compositions also analysed carefully using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. The findings presented a wide variety of functional groups provided by the FTIR spectra (eights bands approximately. Regarding cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), the methanol crude extracts values are 888.6�4.57 mg TE/100g extract, for PTC as compared to 474.3� 2.23 mg TE/100g of extract for ASG. However, both methanol and acetone fractions revealed significantly (p = 0.05) high FRAP values ranged between 599.8�7.5 and 741.8�5.8 mg TE/100g fraction; for PTC and ASG, respectively. While CUPRAC showed insignificant (p = 0.05) same values 356.1�2.62 mg TE/100g of fraction; for MF of both PTC and ASG respectively. Therefore, in this study, methanolic fractions (MFs) are found to be more effective than acetone fractions (AFs), except for CHF and HF. Finally, the antioxidant activity of the active fraction has provided some evidence regarding its functional groups which may have used in traditional medicine.
Bond strength to ZLS ceramics at different etching times and cementation protocols after aging

Objective: To assess the influence of 5% hydrofluoric acid etching time (ET), cementation protocol (CP), and thermal cycling (TC) aging on the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS) to adhesive resin cement. Material and Methods: Ten VITA Suprinity® ceramic blocks were cut in 120 slices (1.4 mm thickness) and randomly assigned to 12 groups (n = 10) according to the combination of factors (2x3x2 design): etching time (20 or 30 s), cementation protocol (silane + universal adhesive + resin cement; universal adhesive + resin cement; silane + resin cement) and thermal cycling (cycled or no-cycled). RelyX Ceramic Primer and Scotchbond™ Universal Adhesive were used respectively as silane (S) and universal adhesive (Ua). Ceramic surface was etched, and the cementation protocol performed on the delimited bonding area. Then, resin cement (RelyX™ Ultimate Cement [Rc]) cylinders were bonded and light cured. After, specimens were stored in deionized water at 37°C for 7 days and subjected to the µSBS test. Results: Data passed the normality test and three-way ANOVA analysis showed statistical difference (p<0.01) for isolated; double (ET/TC) (p<0.05), and triple (p<0.05) factor interactions. Conclusion: The combination 30s etching-Ua-Rc presented higher adhesive bond strength after thermal aging.
Medicaid and Prescription Drugs: An Overview

This background paper discusses the coverage of prescription drugs through the Medicaid program. Some of the issues addressed include who is eligible to receive drugs, how drug coverage is paid for, and how much money states spend on prescribed drugs for Medicaid beneficiaries. (Published by the Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured; 2000 October.)
Naturalness‐Preserving Image Tone Enhancement Using Generative Adversarial Networks

This paper proposes a deep learning‐based image tone enhancement approach that can maximally enhance the tone of an image while preserving the naturalness. Our approach does not require carefully generated ground‐truth images by human experts for training. Instead, we train a deep neural network to mimic the behavior of a previous classical filtering method that produces drastic but possibly unnatural‐looking tone enhancement results. To preserve the naturalness, we adopt the generative adversarial network (GAN) framework as a regularizer for the naturalness. To suppress artifacts caused by the generative nature of the GAN framework, we also propose an imbalanced cycle‐consistency loss. Experimental results show that our approach can effectively enhance the tone and contrast of an image while preserving the naturalness compared to previous state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Improving Kindergartener’s Initiative to Problem Solve Through Integrated STEM

Many teachers are familiar with students who are scared to try to solve a problem and instead look to adults for specific answers. Students need to be prepared to solve problems independently and collaboratively. One of the necessary skills to solve a problem is to first try, or take initiative . The purpose of this action research was to identify Kindergarten students’ initial initiative to problem solve by formal evaluation of student learning-related skills, taken from the Cooper-Farran Behavioral Rating Scale (1991). In this study, students were provided opportunities to take the initiative to problem solve through a series of integrated STEM and Habits of Mind lessons. The students were then observed during the lessons. These observations helped the teacher to prepare appropriate lessons and evaluate students on their learning-related skills. This research suggests that, when a student shows a high level of personal interest in an integrated STEM topic or Habits of Mind lesson, they are more motivated to take the initiative to problem solve. Students were also more likely to participate and persevere through a task when their interest was piqued. Teachers could use students’ personal interests in STEM education as a strategy for supporting future success.
Star-Transformer

Although Transformer has achieved great successes on many NLP tasks, its heavy structure with fully-connected attention connections leads to dependencies on large training data. In this paper, we present Star-Transformer, a lightweight alternative by careful sparsification. To reduce model complexity, we replace the fully-connected structure with a star-shaped topology, in which every two non-adjacent nodes are connected through a shared relay node. Thus, complexity is reduced from quadratic to linear, while preserving the capacity to capture both local composition and long-range dependency. The experiments on four tasks (22 datasets) show that Star-Transformer achieved significant improvements against the standard Transformer for the modestly sized datasets.
Encouraging Inactive Users towards Effective Recommendation

Disagreement amongst users in a social network might occur when some of them have different opinion or preferences towards certain items (e.g. topics). Some of the users in the social network might have dynamic preferences due to certain situations. With these differences in opinion amongst the users, some of the users might decide to become either less-active or inactive in providing their opinions on items for recommendation processes to be possible or effective. The current state of the users will lead to a cold-start problem where the recommender system will be unable to find an accurate preference information of the users for a recommendation of new items to be provided to them. It will also be difficult to identify these inactive or less-active users within a group for the recommendation of items to be done effectively. Attempts have been made by several researchers to reduce the cold-start problem using singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm, but the disagreement problem amongst users will still occur due to the dynamic preferences of the users towards items. It was hypothesized in this thesis that an influence based preference modelling could resolve the disagreement problem. It is possible to encourage less-active or inactive users to become active only if they have been identified with a group of their trustworthy neighbours. A suitable clustering technique that does not require pre-specified parameters (e.g. the number of clusters or the number of cluster members) was needed to accurately identify trustworthy users with groups (i.e. clusters) and also identify exemplars (i.e. Cluster representatives) from each group. Several existing clustering techniques such as Highly connected subgraphs (HCS), Markov clustering and Affinity Propagation (AP) clustering were explored in this thesis to check if they have the capabilities to achieve these required outputs. The suitable clustering technique amongst these techniques that is able to identify exemplars in each cluster could be validated using pattern information of past social activities, estimated trust values or familiarity values. The proposed method for estimating these values was based on psychological theories such as the theory of interpersonal behaviour (TIB) and rational choice theory as it was necessary to predict the trustworthiness behaviour of social users. It will also be revealed that users with high trust values (i.e. Trustworthy users) are not necessarily exemplars of various clusters, but they are more likely to encourage less active users in accepting recommended items preferred by the exemplar of their respective cluster. List of Publications In the duration of this PhD research, the following works have been published during the research while some other publications are still being prepared based on the findings discussed in the thesis.
Malaria and anemia in HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi: Associations with cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, submicroscopic malaria, iron supplementation and iron deficiency

49 Introduction . 50 Methods . 51 Results . 54 Discussion . 56 CHAPTER 5: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SUBMICROSCOPIC MALARIA INFECTION AND MATERNAL ANEMIA IN HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN IN MALAWI . 64 Abstract . 64. 64 Introduction . 65 Methods . 66 Results . 68 Discussion . 70 CHAPTER 6: ASSOCIATION OF IRON SUPPLEMENTATION AND IRON DEFICIENCY WITH MALARIA INFECTION IN HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN IN MALAWI . 78 Abstract . 78. 78 Introduction . 79 Methods . 80
3-Acetyl-1-(3-methylphenyl)thiourea

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C10H12N2OS, the conformation of the two N—H bonds are anti to each other. The amide C=O and the C=S are are also anti to each other. The N—H bond adjacent to the benzene ring is syn to the m-methyl groups. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the side chain [mean plane of atoms C—C(O)N—C—N; maximum deviation 0.029 (2) Å] is 14.30 (7)°. There is an intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond generating an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, the molecules are linked via N—H⋯) hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating along [001]. The S atom is disordered and was refined using a split model [occupancy ratio 0.56 (4):0.44 (4)].
Transvaginal Ultrasonography for Cervical Assessment Before Induction of Labor

Objective. To evaluate the value of ultrasonographic cervical assessment in predicting the outcome of labor induction and to compare its performance against the Bishop score. Methods. The Bishop score was determined by digital examination, and transvaginal ultrasonography was performed in 105 women at 37 to 42 weeks' gestation scheduled for labor induction. Ultrasonographic parameters evaluated were cervical length, the presence of funneling, funnel width, and funnel length and were blinded to managing physicians. The primary outcome was the occurrence of active labor within 2 days (successful labor induction). The interval from the onset of induction to active labor (duration of induction) was the secondary outcome. Statistical analysis was performed by the χ2 test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Pearson correlation, receiver operating characteristic curves, logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards model, and generalized Wilcoxon test for survival data. Results. Induction of labor was successful in 93 women (89%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for cervical length was greater than that of the Bishop score in predicting a successful labor induction (z = 2.18; P < .05). A cervical length of 3.0 cm or less had sensitivity of 75% (70 of 93) and specificity of 83% (10 of 12). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between successful labor induction and cervical length but not the Bishop score (odds ratio = 0.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.096–0.59; P = .002). Only parity and cervical length had a significantly independent relationship with the duration of induction. Conclusions. Cervical length measured by transvaginal ultrasonography is a useful and independent predictor of successful labor induction and the duration of induction and provides better predictability of successful labor induction than the Bishop score does.
Indoor Signal Mapping Using ARCore

Smartphones and GPS have enabled outdoor positioning, but the satellite based GPS does not function indoors when the satellite connection cannot be established. Indoor positioning aims to fill this gap. A common approach is to use the data from environmental sensors of a smartphone and a prebuilt map for localization. This thesis focuses on the process of collecting the environmental data for building the map and more specifically on accurately placing the collected environmental samples. This thesis introduces a method for combining locally accurate visual inertial pose estimates with user supplied fixes to limit the normally unbounded drift in certain degrees-of-freedom. We implemented a prototype Android application utilizing this model where ARCore pose estimates are combined with fixes given by the user using an augmented reality interface. The performance was evaluated in office and shopping mall setting, which represent two typical venues for indoor positioning. We show that the prototype system is able to accurately track the pose of the device and thus could also accurately place collected environmental sensor samples with only a little user interaction required.
Listening to Marginalized Women in Toronto: A Dialogue about Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening

This study explored the perceptions of women living in homeless shelters and women with severe mental health challenges about the factors influencing their decision-making processes regarding breast and cervical cancer screening. Twenty-six qualitative interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. The aim of this exploratory study was to focus on meanings and actions with a broader view to identify the interplay between participants’ narratives and social structures, medical praxis and policy implications. Results provided insights on both positive and negative prior cancer screening experiences, the role of power and trust in women’s decision-making, and areas for improvement in health care provider/patient interactions. Outcomes of this investigation contribute to the future development of appropriately designed intervention programs. Tailored and effective health promotion strategies leading to life-long cancer screening behaviours among marginalized women may improve clinical outcomes, decrease treatment costs and save lives.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP JOINT IN THE NEW-BORN

1. Congenital dislocation of the hip can be diagnosed clinically immediately after birth and the diagnosis confirmed radiologically by a special technique. 2. If the affected joint is reduced during the first two or three days after birth and held reduced for a period not exceeding three months, the joint will remain stable. 3. This treatment probably leads to normal development of the hip joint. 4. The cause of congenital dislocation of the hip may be laxity of the soft tissues of the joint and not a primary dysplasia of the acetabulum.
Child-rearing behavior for pre-school children at M city in one of the most southern islands of Japan in relation to the prevention of child maltreatment : Similarities and differences between 1984-2006

of child − rearing behavior and related factors. The major results were as follows. and child − rearing behavior, which may result in a higher ratio of a new type of the child neglect in child maltreatment. These results suggest the needs of a positive approach to family and community to enhance the quality of children’s health and development as a new strategy for the prevention of child maltreatment.
The Moriscos-Green scale: the pros and cons of universal test, correction of mistakes

One of the most common tests for evaluating of medication adherence – 4-question scale Moriscos-Green – is considered. Advantages (flexibility, conciseness) and disadvantages (insufficient sensitivity and specificity) of this test are presented. Disadvantages of 4-question version of the test were considered by the authors in development a new version of the scale (8-question) to assess medication adherence. The latest version of the Moriscos test has a high sensitivity in a fairly good specificity. The versatility of the new version of the test is confirmed by the studies. Preference in the use of this test is shown for screening assessment of medication adherence in patients with various chronic diseases. Besides the use of 8-question Moriscos scale is proved as a reference in the development and validation of new questionnaires on adherence to therapy.
Diagnóstico de Doença Renal Crônica: Avaliação da Função Renal

INTRODUCAO A estimativa da filtracao glomerular (FG) representa uma otima maneira de mensurar a funcao renal, e uma FG reduzida e considerada um bom indice da funcao renal, e deve ser usada no estadiamento da doenca renal cronica (DRC). Uma queda na FG precede o aparecimento de sintomas de falencia renal em todas as formas de doenca renal progressiva. Portanto, ao se monitorizar mudancas na FG estima-se o ritmo de perda da funcao renal. A aplicacao clinica da FG permite [. ]
Contributions of Physical Activity to Bone Health Over the Lifespan

Minimizing the human and economic cost of osteoporotic fractures in the American population is an important goal. Regular physical activity can contribute to maximizing peak bone mass early in life and to minimizing age-related bone loss in older adults. Weight-bearing endurance activities at moderately high intensities and resistance training appear to be beneficial, with the largest benefits accruing to individuals with normal reproductive hormone profiles and sufficient dietary calcium intake. More research is required to determine the optimal exercise regimen for children and adults for maximizing bone strength and to test the effectiveness of exercise combined with common medications prescribed for osteoporosis.
Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) for periodontal pockets: a review

The applications of lasers in medicine, both in the field of diagnosis and treatment are gaining momentum. In dentistry in particular, numerous types of lasers with a wide range of characteristics are being utilized in all fields. In consequence, a lot of experience and knowledge has been gained in the last two decades in this domain; this resulted in the development of novel technologies and devices. A brief overview is made in the first part of this article on these topics. The treatment of periodontal disease with laser therapy is pointed out, as well as the photodynamic therapy which is using LLLT for the activation of the sensitizing gel that is introduced in the periodontal pockets. This paper reviews also the application of photodynamic therapy in clinical trials which have different results; a standardization of the protocol utilized for this procedure is concluded to be necessary.
Implementation Costs of Spiking versus Rate-Based ANNs

Artificial neural networks are an effective machine learning technique for a variety of data sets and domains, but exploiting the inherent parallelism in neural networks requires specialized hardware. Typically, computing the output of each neuron requires many multiplications, evaluation of a transcendental activation function, and transfer of its output to a large number of other neurons. These restrictions become more expensive when internal values are represented with increasingly higher data precision. A spiking neural network eliminates the limitations of typical rate-based neural networks by reducing neuron output and synapse weights to one-bit values, eliminating hardware multipliers, and simplifying the activation function. However, a spiking neural network requires a larger number of neurons than what is needed in a comparable rate-based network. In order to determine if the benefits of spiking neural networks outweigh the costs, we designed the smallest spiking neural network and rate-based artificial neural network that achieved 90% or comparable testing accuracy on the MNIST data set. After estimating the FPGA storage requirements for synapse values of each network, we concluded rate-based neural networks need significantly fewer bits than spiking neural networks.
Organoids-on-a-chip

Recent studies have demonstrated an array of stem cell–derived, self-organizing miniature organs, termed organoids, that replicate the key structural and functional characteristics of their in vivo counterparts. As organoid technology opens up new frontiers of research in biomedicine, there is an emerging need for innovative engineering approaches for the production, control, and analysis of organoids and their microenvironment. In this Review, we explore organ-on-a-chip technology as a platform to fulfill this need and examine how this technology may be leveraged to address major technical challenges in organoid research. We also discuss emerging opportunities and future obstacles for the development and application of organoid-on-a-chip technology.