Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Den interaktiva IR-forskningens genomslag i söktjänsterna på webben

The theoretical focus in this master is information retrieval (IR), and especially the part of IR that includes interactivity. This research is by some researchers called IIR. Our principal aim was to examine if search engines on the WWW are taking advantage of research results from IIR research. A way to do this is to look at the application of special features, in this case query expansion (QE) and relevance feedback (RF). Both these methods aim for a better matching of documents and the searchers information need. Another feature of these methods is that they can include the user in the process. To accomplish this goal we performed a literature study and a small e-mail survey. We included the seven largest search engines and three others because of their special features. We determined which search engines that should be in our survey by search traffic volume. Only two of the requested search engines replied to our questionnaire, MSN Search and Terra Lycos. Our theoretical studies have shown that there are benefits with QE and RF. These benefits are foremost in the efficiency of the search engines. Theory describes many ways to incorporate these methods in online systems. We could find neither RF nor QE at MSN Search. Lycos have a feature called Suggested search , which is a kind of QE based on other searchers choices. Another common feature on the Web is more like this . The user points out a document as relevant in the same way as in RF, but we don t consider this being an interactive process. One reason to use RF is that the user is the only one that knows what is relevant, an important concept in our study. There are two main schools in IIR, one tries to simulate human behaviour and the other wants to stimulate the user. QE can be done either manual, automatic or interactive. We think that the interactive method is in line with the stimulation school and the best alternative. A problem for both users and researchers is that the information about search features given by the search engines is poor. The terminology used is also very diverse. Our thought is that a good cooperation between search companies and the academic world can result in better search services. International conferences, e.g. TREC, already takes place and can serve as platforms for a dialog. Dialog is also a keyword for the components, user and system.
The Ever-changing Roles of Chinese Women in Society: A Content Analysis and Semiotic Analysis of some Contemporary Chinese Films

One major question in the area of Feminist Media Studies is to analyze the stereotypical female role portrayals in media. Researchers in this area have examined diverse media including television, radio, films, textbooks, literature and so on. Empirical evidence provided by these studies shows that women in media are often underrepresented or stereotypically portrayed in traditional roles such as housewives or mothers associated with feminine values, such as dependent, submissive, and passive. Using content analysis and semiotic analysis, this study is designed to examine the portrayals of female roles in a sample of contemporary (1949-2010) Chinese films. Content analysis is employed to examine how women have been portrayed in films, with the primary focus on the frequency of three types of female roles including (1) traditional roles, (2) modern role, and (3) ideal role. Results suggest that during this long period of time, representations and constructions of women in films have shifted from promotion of gender equality, to diminishing and erasing gender difference, and finally regressed to confining them to traditional roles while emphasizing traditional feminine values and expectations. In using semiotic analysis, this research is able to outline the connotative meanings of the female characters as well as the implicit cultural values and messages of gender that are embedded in films. On this cultural analysis, the findings reveal that female role portrayals in films, which are influenced by political, cultural, and social changes, remained associated with traditional feminine stereotypes, values, and expectations. THE EVER-CHAGING ROLES OF CHINESE WOMEN IN SOCIETY iii
Bridging gap between geohydrologic data and Integrated Hydrologic Model: PIHMgis

This paper outlines and demonstrates a strategy for coupling of integrated hydrologic model and Geographic Information System (GIS) to meet pre/post processing of data and visualization. Physically based fully distributed integrated hydrologic models seek to simulate hydrologic state variables and their interactions in space and time. The process requires incorporation of several physical heterogeneous input data layers such as topography, hydrogeology, climate, land use. This leads to intensive effort in topology definitions, data gathering and development. Traditionally GIS has been used for data management, analysis and visualization. Joint use and streamline development of sophisticated numerical models and commercial Geographic Information Systems (GISs) poses challenges that inherit from proprietary data structures, rigidity in their data models, non-dynamic data interaction with pluggable software components and platform dependence. Independent hydrologic modeling systems (HMSs), GISs and Decision Support Systems (DSSs) not only increase model setup and analysis time but they also result in data isolation, data integrity problems and broken data flows between models and the tools used to analyze their inputs and results. Alternatively this paper presents an opensource, extensible and pluggable architecture, platform independent “tightly-coupled” GIS interface to Penn State Integrated Hydrologic Model (PIHM) called PIHMgis. The tightcoupling between the GIS and the model is achieved by the development of PIHMgis shared-data model to promote minimum data redundancy and optimal retrievability. The procedural framework of PIHMgis is demonstrated through its application to Shaver’s Creek Watershed located in Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania.
Improving educational assessment: A computer-adaptive multiple choice assessment using NRET as the scoring method

Assessment is central to any educational process. Number Right (NR) scoring method is a conventional scoring method for multiple choice items, where students need to pick one option as the correct answer. One point is awarded for the correct response and zero for any other responses. However, it has been heavily criticized for guessing and failure to credit partial knowledge. Despite continued research in scoring methods, conventional NR scoring method remains the most popular and widely used procedure. Thus, the problem of crediting partial knowledge and guessing still exist. In addition, the current assessment practices do not take students' misconceptions into consideration. Thus, there is a need to propose a new scoring method that is able to minimize guessing, credit partial knowledge, yet able to diagnose misconceptions. This study proposed the development of a Computer-Adaptive Assessment Software (CAAS) for MC items using the new Number Right Elimination Testing (NRET) which take into consideration these three elements. This paper described the rational for using the NRET, the design and development of CAAS and the results of the pilot study carried out in three secondary schools in Malaysia.
Implementing an Inpatient Smoking Cessation Program

Contents: Foreword. Preface. Part I: Foundation. Evidence Base for Tobacco Cessation and Inpatient Tobacco Cessation Programs. Clinical Guidelines, Quality Assurance, and Insurance Coverage. Translating Research Into Practice: The Example of Staying Free. Program Administration and Management. Defining the Program Parameters. Defining the Target Population and Forecasting Enrollment. Champions, Advisory Committees, Stakeholders, and Community Resources. Financing and Budgeting. Part II: Program Development. Tobacco Cessation Providers. Systems for Tobacco Use Identification and Documentation. Intervention Delivery Options. Training Providers. Program Evaluation. Data and Measurement. Program Promotion. Part III: Ramp Up and Delivery. Policies, Procedures, Protocols, and Systems. Daily Operations: The First 48 Hours to One Year.
Factors Affecting Sexual Satisfaction in Iranian Women

1Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 2Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 3Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, IR Iran 4Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF RANGER SYRUP BY STUDYING ACUTE TOXICITY, IN-VITRO ANTI-OXIDANT PROPERTY AND IN-VIVO ANTI-STRESS ACTIVITY

Stress and stress-related disorders are a significant cause of disease in modern times, perhaps contributing to 75% of illnesses. It has been reported that exposure to physical and mental stress situations can stimulate numerous pathways, leading to increased production of oxygen free radicals. In such situation, the antioxidant defense systems of body become unable to scavenge these free radicals sufficiently. Ranger Syrup is a polyherbal Ayurvedic medicine which was taken up in the present study to evaluate acute toxicity, in-vitro anti-oxidant property and in-vivo anti-stress activity. Acute toxicity study was carried out on wistar rats as per OECD Guidelines 423. To evaluate anti-stress activity, forced swimming endurance test was performed. During this study, difference in rectal temperature and swimming time was noted. Blood samples were collected for estimation of serum cortisol and serum glucose level. Anti-oxidant property of Ranger Syrup was determined by the i n-vitro ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP) assay at various concentration. Study data revealed that Ranger syrup didn’t produced any toxic effect even up to the dose level of 5000mg/kg hence was proven as safe. The pre-treatment of Ranger Syrup prevented the fall of rectal temperature in highly significant manner and increased swimming time in comparison to stress control group. Ranger Syrup treated animals showed significant restriction in elevation of serum cortisol and serum glucose level as compared to stress control group. In addition, it has significant potential to scavenge free radicals. From the results of these studies, it can be concluded that Ranger Syrup is safe, capable to increase tolerance against non-specific stress in experimental animals and having significant anti-oxidant activity.
What influences parental controlling behaviour? The role of parent and child trait anxiety

The relative contribution of child and parent trait anxiety on paternal and maternal controlling behaviour was examined. Thirty-seven children, aged 8–11 years, completed two difficult Tangram puzzles, one with their father and one with their mother. Videotapes of the parent–child interactions were rated on parental control and child dependent and withdrawn behaviour. Results indicated that, opposite to expectations, higher mother and father trait anxiety was associated with lower levels of parental control, and that the relation between parent trait anxiety and parental control was curvilinear. Furthermore, a significant stronger effect between child trait anxiety and parental control was found for boys than for girls. Moreover, more child withdrawal during the parent–child interaction was related to more parental control. The findings offer new insights, which may guide future theories on child and parent anxiety and parental control. Specifically, the role of parent and child gender need further conceptualisation and research.
E-Learning Works--Exactly How Well Depends on Its Unique Features and Barriers: CAHRS ResearchLink No. 1.

Key Findings: • E-learning is comparable to traditional teacher-led classroom instruction in terms of effectiveness. • E-learning has specific features that may influence learning: content, immersion, interactivity, and communication. • Barriers to e-learning adoption include fraud and cheating, digital divides and their impact on low income and underprepared students, and cost issues.
Corpus technology and language pedagogy : new resources, new tools, new methods

The use of corpora and corpus technology for language learning and teaching purposes has been on the agenda of researchers, lexicographers and pedagogues for more than two decades now. This volume is intended to take stock of some major developments in corpus-in-formed language pedagogy and brings together a number of contributions, many of which were originally presented at the Language Technology Section of the Learn Tec Conference in Karlsruhe (Germany) in 2005. The contributions present new resources, new tools and new methods for corpus-informed language pedagogy. In general, the papers demonstrate a noticeable shift from the more traditional uses of corpora and corpus technology in linguistic research towards uses with specific pedagogical goals in mind.
Psychische Erkrankungen – Auswirkungen auf die Arbeitsfähigkeit und Versorgung psychisch erkrankter Erwerbstätiger

Zusammenfassung Diese Übersicht fasst die aktuellen Erkenntnisse zu Auswirkungen psychischer Erkrankungen auf Arbeitsfähigkeit, zu beruflicher Wiedereingliederung und zu Interventionen mit dem Ziel der Wiederherstellung der Arbeitsfähigkeit zusammen. Psychische Erkrankungen gehen, im Vergleich mit chronischen körperlichen Erkrankungen, mit längerfristiger Leistungsminderung, eingeschränkter Arbeitsfähigkeit, krankheitsbedingten Fehlzeiten, Frühberentung und Arbeitslosigkeit einher. Die klinisch erfolgreiche Behandlung psychisch Erkrankter wirkt sich nicht unmittelbar auf Arbeitsfähigkeit und Rückkehr zur Arbeit aus. Erfolgversprechend sind dagegen Ansätze, die die Rückkehr zur Arbeit in die psychotherapeutische Behandlung integrieren. Strukturierte Zusammenarbeit niedrigschwellig erreichbarer Allgemeinärzte oder Betriebsärzte mit Psychiatern, z.B. in Form einer schnellen Konsultation, kann den klinischen Behandlungserfolg und die Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz verbessern. Innovative betriebsnahe Behandlungsmodelle in Deutschland wie psychosomatische Sprechstunden im Betrieb oder integrierte Versorgung unter Einbezug von Betriebsärzten setzen solche Erkenntnisse bereits um und werden gut angenommen.
Experimental Methods in Phonosemantics: Preliminary Testing of the Antonymic Hypothesis as a Way of Mediating between the Arbitrary Nature of Linguistic Representation and Aspects of Iconism.

nouns: V. the feeling experienced by a death-row inmate after being pardoned or exonerated W. a feeling of extreme disappointment X. the feeling of being woken in the middle of the night by a strange noise independent: Y. the name of the remotest island on earth This question set formed the second part of the auditory stimuli as well as the second part of the interview. It could be viewed as a transition set between the first and third parts as it is a
Malware Detection On Linux Powered Smartphone's Using ID3 Algorithm

Mobile phones play a very important role in our daily life. It is becoming increasingly important to devolve a reliable and efficient method for securing Smartphone’s against unauthorized access. Mobile malwares are causing harm by leaking of user’s private information, leaking the battery power, and by automatically generated multimedia messages or making long-distance calls. Smartphone’s with open operating systems are getting popular now a days. Increased exposure of open source Smartphone’s also increased the security risk. Android is most popular open source operating system for mobile platforms amongst all mobile platforms. Android uses permissions for each application to protect phone resources. Antimalware software is to play an essential role in defending against mobile malware. The most of the detection software relies on latest aware signature database to detect malware. Since the number of malware designed for Android devices is increasing fast, Android users are expecting some security solutions aimed at preventing malicious actions from damaging their Smartphone’s. There are two main techniques of detecting malwares, first is static detection (signature based) and dynamic detection
Nutrition and diagnosis-related care

Foreword Preface List of Tables List of Figures Alphabetical List of Topics Section 1: Normal Life-Cycle Conditions Section 2: Dietary Practices and Miscellaneous Conditions Section 3: Pediatrics: Birth Defects and Genetic and Acquired Disorders Section 4: Neurological and Mental Conditions Section 5: Pulmonary Disorders Section 6: Cardiovascular Disorders Section 7: Gastrointestinal Disorders Section 8: Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Disorders Section 9: Endocrine Disorders Section 10: Weight Management, Undernutrition, and Malnutrition Section 11: Musculoskeletal and Collagen Disorders Section 12: Hematology: Anemias and Blood Disorders Section 13: Cancer Section 14: Surgical Disorders Section 15: AIDS and Immunology, Infections, Burns, and Trauma Section 16: Renal Disorders Section 17: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Interventions Appendix A: Nutritional Review Appendix B: Dietetic Process, Forms, and Counseling Tips Appendix C: Standardized Language, Nutrition Diagnosis, Problem-Based Learning, and Case StudiesAppendix D: Dietary Reference Intakes
Momocs: Outline Analysis Using R

We introduce here Momocs, a package intended to ease and popularize modern morphometrics with R, and particularly outline analysis, which aims to extract quantitative variables from shapes. It mostly hinges on the functions published in the book entitled Modern Morphometrics Using R by Claude (2008). From outline extraction from raw data to multivariate analysis, Momocs provides an integrated and convenient toolkit to students and researchers who are, or may become, interested in describing the shape and its variation. The methods implemented so far in Momocs are introduced through a simplistic case study that aims to test if two sets of bottles have different shapes.
Geospatial phrase grounding and disambiguation

GeoCoder is a spatial reasoning system that converts natural language inputs into a set of precise spatial coordinates to display on a map. GeoCoder's spatial knowledge is represented in a set of ontologies. GeoCoder parses input phrases and adds location reference individuals to its ontology model. Relationships between location references are recognized based on mid-level structural patterns in the parsed phrase. GeoCoder grounds (or finds possible geometries for) location references in an iterative process, in which locations are grounded based on their relationships to previously grounded locations. GeoCoder improves upon previous systems by grounding and disambiguating at the phrase level, interpreting parses with rules that match midlevel structure patterns, expressing disambiguation heuristics in ontologies, and improving scalability by separating grounding from reasoning about relationships. Technical Supervisor: Michael Cleary Title: Decision Systems Group Leader, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Thesis Advisor: Boris Katz Title: Principal Research Scientist
Optical-WiMAX Hybrid Networks

The emergence of bandwidth-intensive Internet services creates a high demand for a very qualified next-generation access network. The future access networks should provide high bandwidth, improved network availability, flexibility, mobility, reliability, failure protection, Quality of Service (QoS) support and cost-effective access. The integration between optical networks and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is a promising solution for future access networks. The integration between the Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) and WiMAX has been proposed but contains several drawbacks and does not yet contain a mechanism for QoS support. Finally, this work describes the Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) standard, which aims to build high-performance metro that interconnect multiple access networks. The objective of this thesis is to examine the integration of optical standards, such as RPR and EPON, with the WiMAX standard as a promising solution for access and metro networks. The integration will be applied to the areas of architecture and Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol. The first part of the thesis examines the EPON-WiMAX integration as a solution for the access network. Specifically, the proposed solution includes new EPONWiMAX hybrid network architectures that are suitable for both urban and rural environment requirements, and it also introduces a comprehensive joint MAC protocol for these architectures. The proposed architectures are reliable and provide extended network coverage. The proposed MAC protocol provides a per-stream quality-of-service guarantee and improves the network utilization. While the first part of the thesis strives to improve the network reliability through protection in the EPON part and extend the network coverage through innovative methods, the second part attempts to maintain and enhance these objectives by adding a reliable technology to the integrated network. Specifically, this section examines the way in which the RPR network can be integrated with the proposed EPON-WiMAX architecture to form an RPR-EPON-WiMAX hybrid network, which can be a solution for both access and metro networks. The proposed joint MAC protocol for the RPR-EPON-WiMAX hybrid network aims to maximize the advantages iii
A system for computational phonology

by David McAdams Baggett B.S./B.A. Computer Science and Linguistics University of Maryland, College Park (1992) Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology January, 1995 Copyright 01995, by David M. Baggett The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in whole or in part.
The Fast, Efficient, and Representative Benchmarking of Future Microarchitectures

A methodology is introduced to reduce the overall simulation time of large benchmarking suites. Previous work shows that it is possible to simulate only small sections of a benchmark's dynamic instruction stream in detail, without sacrificing accuracy in simulation results with respect to overall behavior. As benchmarking suites increase in size, many such techniques still require a great deal of simulation time to complete. The methods presented in this dissertation build on this previous work by converting representative sections of a benchmark's execution into either augmented binaries or intrinsically checkpointed assembly code. This new code can then serve as a replacement for the original benchmark. In addition, a methodology is proposed that creates new benchmark binaries that no longer need input files or system calls in order to execute properly. Since the new benchmarks only contain portions of the original benchmarks and input data is effectively hidden within them, corporations can safely release benchmarks to the public created using their own internal, proprietary test programs without the fear of losing sensitive information. Simulations of the new benchmarks are much faster, require less overhead, and still properly represent the original benchmark's execution profile. Results show that benchmarks created using these techniques are very portable and accurately predict the performance of the original benchmark. An average error rate of less than 5% is achieved when compared to the original representative sections. In addition, a speedup of roughly 60x per benchmark is achieved when the new benchmarks are executed serially and 1000x when they are executed in parallel. This translates into a reduction in simulation time from months to minutes and greatly decreases the amount of time necessary to test a new design.