Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TRANSIENT THERMOELASTIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF A THIN CIRCULAR PLATE DUE TO UNIFORM INTERNAL HEAT GENERATION

The present work aims to analyzed the transient thermoelastic stress analysis of a thin circular plate with uniform internal heat generation. Initially, the plate is characterized by a parabolic temperature distribution along the z-direction given by T = T0(r, z) and perfectly insulated at the ends z = 0 and z = h. For times t > 0, the surface r = a is subjected to convection heat transfer with convection coefficient hc and fluid temperature T∞. The integral transform method used to obtain the analytical solution for temperature, displacement, and thermal stresses. The associated thermoelastic field is analyzed by making use of the temperature and thermoelastic displacement potential function. Numerical results are carried out with the help of computational software PTC Mathcad Prime-3.1 and shown in figures.
DGS: DESIGNING GEO DATA SERVICE CONTENT ONLINE APPLICATION BASED ON SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE

In the environment of service-oriented architecture, geodata web applications may be offeredas services for geodata sharing and interoperability. Service composition has emerged to allow multiplefunctions, _ne granularity, and fast access to applications. In addition, service composition can be invokedany time on the web so as to facilitate easier, faster, and much more cost-effective rebuilding. Hence, there isa need for the development of a geodata service composition web application. To ensure smooth and efficientimplementation, in this paper, we _rust present the semantics behind service orientation for geodata servicecomposition to align the technology environment with its business process. Then, Petri nets are employedto model the geodata service composition, and its structural analysis techniques are used to verify deadlock.Finally, the proposal and the implementation of the architecture for the geodata service composition webapplication are described. This paper offers compliant support for structural integrity in the geosciencesfrom the design phase to the implementation phase. In SOA environments , a geodata service can bethought of as a software product that offers a solution tosatisfy the customer's needs. However, service compositionassociated with a geodata application, which is emergingto provide multiple functions by dynamically orchestratingindividual distributed services to work together, introduces new concerns . A question that may be asked iswhy a particular geodata application should be built as ageodata service composition (as we have done) instead of as ageodata service. One answer is that with its multiple functionsand handling of _ne granularity, a geodata service compositionthat can be invoked any time on the web can facilitate eeasier, faster, and much more cost-effective rebuilding thancan a geodata service
Gaze-based intention recognition for pick-and-place tasks in shared autonomy

—Shared autonomy aims at combining robotic and human control in the execution of remote, teleoperated tasks. This cooperative interaction cannot be brought about without the robot ﬁrst recognizing the current human intention in a fast and reliable way, so that a suitable assisting plan can be quickly instantiated and executed. Eye movements have long been known to be highly predictive of the cognitive agenda unfolding during manual tasks and constitute, hence, the earliest and most reliable behavioral cues for intention estimation. In this study, we present an experiment aimed at analyzing human behavior in simple teleoperated pick-and-place tasks in a simulated scenario and at devising a suitable model for early estimation of the current proximal intention, that is either the reaching target or the place-down location. We show that scan paths are, as expected, heavily shaped by the current intention and that a Gaussian Hidden Markov Model achieves a good prediction performance, while also generalizing to a new object conﬁguration and new users. We ﬁnally discuss how behavioral and model results suggest that eye movements reﬂect to some extent the invariance and generality of higher level planning across object conﬁgurations.
Enzymatic Study on the Microbial Degradation of Homocholine

This research was conducted to investigate the enzymatic activities in the degradation pathway of homocholine by bacterial strains isolated from the soil. Screening of the homocholine oxidation activity in the isolated strains, by replica staining method and spectrophotometric assay, showed that NAD + dependent dehydrogenase enzymes were predominant in all isolates. Furthermore, dried cell reaction of Pseudomonas sp. strain A9 cells with homocholine in the presence and absence of NAD + demonstrated that the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of homocholine were alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases that require NAD + as electron acceptor. Moreover, in the cell free extract of Pseudomonas sp. strain A9 an inducible NAD + dependent homocholine dehydrogenase was detected. The crude preparation of this enzyme has broad substrate specificity. Although various buffering conditions and stabilizing reagent were applied to stabilize the enzyme activity, the enzyme was unstable in vitro and lost its activity soon after and during the purification processes. Furthermore, an inducible NAD + dependent 3hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase activity was also detected in the cell free extract of Pseudomonas sp. strain A9. This result indicated the presence of 3-hydroxypropionate as an intermediate metabolite in the degradation pathway of homocholine by this strain. Thus, in Pseudomonas sp. strain A9, homocholine is oxidized to trimethylaminopropionaldehyde by a NAD + -dependent homocholine dehydrogenase and consequently, trimethylaminopropionaldehyde oxidized to β-alanine betaine by a NAD + dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase. Thereafter, cleavage of β-alanine betaine C-N bond yielded trimethylamine and 3-hydroxypropionate (C-3 moiety). Thereafter, 3hydroxypropionate was further oxidized to malonate semi-aldehyde by a NAD + dependent 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase.
Investigation of the mRNP and Transcriptome Regulated by Nonsense-Mediated RNA Decay

10 CHAPTER 1: AN OVERVIEW OF NONSENSE-MEDIATED RNA DECAY. 12 1.1 RNA surveillance in gene expression. 12 1.2 Biological importance of the NMD pathway. 13 NMD in development . 15 NMD and human disease. 17 1.3 NMD impacts the expression of many classes of endogenous mRNAs . 19 1.4 The factors involved in NMD . 24 1.5 Models for the recognition of NMD substrates . 27 Pre-mRNA splicing and the exon junction complex. 28 Other cis-acting elements . 30 Faux 3’ UTR. 31 Towards a universal model. 33 1.6 Downstream steps in NMD. 35 Activation of UPF1 enzymatic activity . 35 Direct impact of NMD on protein output. 36
Posture Evaluation of the Automotive Maintenance Workers: A Case Study

Automotive maintenance workers or commonly known as mechanics are exposed to numerous work stressors while performing their works. Maintenance activities required worker to be in different type of working posture, which mostly awkward posture and in high risk to developed musculoskeletal disorder. Statistics data disclosed that musculoskeletal disorder among maintenance workers is quite high compared to the other types of job sectors. Therefore, this study aims to examine the working posture amongst the mechanics based on their job activities. By using an ergonomic assessment sheet for posture known as Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), ten common vehicle maintenance activities with ten mechanic in the maintenance jobs have been evaluated based on their feedback. The findings showed that, nine out of ten activities are in the high risk and necessary action need to be taken soon. Awkward posture such as excessive bending and twisting for several body parts with heavy parts as well as poor coupling design on the automotive parts or tools are the factors that influence the risk of injury in this maintenance activities. This study is very useful for automotive industry to evaluate their worker’s condition in maintenance activities. This should be an employer and employee essential knowledge to understand that vehicle maintenance work will include awkward posture. Self-awareness regarding the high risk in developing musculoskeletal disorder will reduce the worker chance to be in discomfort while working.
LONG-TERM AZITHROMYCIN TREATMENT IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of Azithromycin on exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and history of two or more flare-ups in the last 12 months and to study the influence of concomitant bronchiectasis on its effect. Material/Methods: We prospectively observed 60 COPD patients with frequent exacerbations and predominantly severe disease (mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] – 44%). Addition of six-month intermittent Azithromycin (500 mg three times weekly) to standard therapy was compared to standard therapy only in respect to exacerbation frequency and time to first exacerbation. Results: Azithromycin, in comparison to standard therapy, led to a higher reduction of exacerbation frequency (-1.47 vs -0.87 events per patient-year) but did not affect hospitalization frequency (-0.57 vs. -0.53 events per patient-year). The time to first exacerbation was longer in the macrolide group (233 days) than in the control group (125 days) (P=0.011). Bronchiectasis did not influence the effect of tested macrolide on exacerbations. No significant effect on lung function, symptoms, quality of life, physical capacity and sputum and throat swab microbiology was found. Conclusions: Azithromycin reduced the frequency of exacerbations and delayed the time to first exacerbation. The effect was independent on the presence of bronchiectasis.
Evaluation of biogenic amines producing potential of bacteria associated with proteinous food

Aim: The aim of this study was to assay for the biogenic amine-producing capacity of bacteria isolated from proteinous food. Methodology and results: Previously characterized bacterial isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) obtained from proteinous food samples (smoked fish and yoghurt) were subjected to proteolytic analysis using nutrient agar supplemented with 0.2 g/mL casein and decarboxylase activity using nutrient broth supplemented with 0.004 g/mL amino acids (histidine, tyrosine, asparagines, leucine and lysine). Isolates that expressed proteolytic and decarboxylase activities were screened for biogenic amine producing capacity using decarboxylase broth which was supplemented with an amino acid (tyrosine). Biogenic amines obtained in this research were classified into primary amine and secondary amine based on their qualitative characteristics. Confirmatory and quantitative analysis of biogenic amines produced was done using high-performance liquid chromatography. The confirmatory screening revealed the presence of methylamine, ethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, spermidine, phernylethylamine, spermine, agmatine, tyramine, dopamine, tryptamine, norepinephrine and serotonin respectively. Total biogenic amines produced by S. aureus was 70.12 mg/kg, K. pneumoniae (62.58 mg/kg) and E. coli (56.57 mg/kg) respectively. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Enzymatic decarboxylation of free amino acids and other metabolic processes by the test organisms (S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae) leads to production of biogenic amines which can be used as a quality indicator in food in terms of degree of spoilage, use of non-hygienic raw material and poor manufacturing environment. Thus, effect of biogenic amines obtained in this research would be determined by individual toxicological threshold which can be extremely variable from few mg/kg in sensitive person to several hundred mg/kg in healthy person. The concentrations of each biogenic amine quantified are within the limit but their toxic effects depend on the type of amine, the presence of modulating compounds and the efficiency of an individual’s detoxification mechanism.
Phosphorus availability regulates intracellular nucleotides in marine eukaryotic phytoplankton

Marine eukaryotic phytoplankton adapt to low phosphorus (P) in the oceans through a variety of step‐wise mechanisms including lipid substitution and decreased nucleic acid content. Here, we examined the impact of low P concentrations on intracellular metabolites whose abundances can be quickly adjusted by cellular regulation within laboratory cultures of three model phytoplankton and in field samples from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. We quantified the relative abundances of monophosphate nucleotides and their corresponding nucleosides, using a combination of targeted and untargeted metabolomics methods. Under P‐deficient conditions, we observed a marked decrease in adenosine 5′‐monophosphate (AMP) with a concomitant increase in adenosine. This shift occurred within all detected pairs of monophosphate nucleotides and nucleosides, and was consistent with previous work showing transcriptional changes in nucleotide synthesis and salvage under P‐deficient conditions for model eukaryotes. In the field, we observed AMP‐to‐adenosine ratios that were similar to those in laboratory culture under P‐deficient conditions.
Disorder- and emotional context-specific neurofunctional alterations during inhibitory control in generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder

Background: Major Depressive (MDD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) are highly debilitating and often co-morbid disorders. The disorders exhibit partly overlapping dysregulations on the behavioral and neurofunctional level, and the determination of disorder-specific alterations may promote neuro-mechanistic and diagnostic specificity. Methods: In order to determine disorder-specific alterations in the domain of emotion-cognition interactions the present study examined emotional context-specific inhibitory control in treatment-naive, first-episode MDD (n = 37) and GAD (n = 35) patients and healthy controls (n = 35) by employing a validated affective go/no-go fMRI paradigm. Findings: On the behavioral level MDD but not GAD patients exhibited impaired inhibitory control irrespective of emotional context. On the neural level, no alterations were observed during the positive context, yet specifically MDD patients demonstrated attenuated recruitment of a broad bilateral network encompassing inferior/medial parietal, posterior frontal, and mid-cingulate regions during inhibitory control in the negative context. GAD patients exhibited a stronger engagement of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex relative to MDD patients and within the GAD group better inhibitory control in negative contexts was associated with higher recruitment of this region. Interpretation: Findings from the present study suggest disorder- and emotional context-specific behavioral and neurofunctional deficits in inhibitory control in MDD in negative emotional contexts and may point to a depression-specific neuropathological and diagnostic marker. In contrast, GAD patients may maintain intact inhibitory performance via compensatory recruitment of prefrontal regulatory regions.
Leveraging SLIC Superpixel Segmentation and Cascaded Ensemble SVM for Fully Automated Mass Detection In Mammograms

Identification and segmentation of breast masses in mammograms face complex challenges, owing to the highly variable nature of malignant densities with regards to their shape, contours, texture and orientation. Additionally, classifiers typically suffer from high class imbalance in region candidates, where normal tissue regions vastly outnumber malignant masses. This paper proposes a rigorous segmentation method, supported by morphological enhancement using grayscale linear filters. A novel cascaded ensemble of support vector machines (SVM) is used to effectively tackle the class imbalance and provide significant predictions. For True Positive Rate (TPR) of 0.35, 0.69 and 0.82, the system generates only 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 False Positives/Image (FPI), respectively.
Testing the short-and long-term effects of elevated prenatal exposure to different forms of thyroid hormones

Maternal thyroid hormones (THs) are known to be crucial in embryonic development in humans, but their influence on other, especially wild, animals remains poorly understood. So far, the studies that experimentally investigated the consequences of maternal THs focused on short-term effects, while early organisational effects with long-term consequences, as shown for other prenatal hormones, could also be expected. In this study, we aimed at investigating both the short- and long-term effects of prenatal THs in a bird species, the Japanese quail Coturnix japonica. We experimentally elevated yolk TH content (the prohormone T4, and its active metabolite T3, as well as a combination of both hormones). We analysed hatching success, embryonic development, offspring growth and oxidative stress as well as their potential organisational effects on reproduction, moult and oxidative stress in adulthood. We found that eggs injected with T4 had a higher hatching success compared with control eggs, suggesting conversion of T4 into T3 by the embryo. We detected no evidence for other short-term or long-term effects of yolk THs. These results suggest that yolk THs are important in the embryonic stage of precocial birds, but other short- and long-term consequences remain unclear. Research on maternal THs will greatly benefit from studies investigating how embryos use and respond to this maternal signalling. Long-term studies on prenatal THs in other taxa in the wild are needed for a better understanding of this hormone-mediated maternal pathway.
Genome-Wide Polygenic Risk Score Identifies Individuals at Elevated Parkinson's Disease Risk

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common and fastest-growing neurological disorder. Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) using hundreds to thousands of PD-associated variants support polygenic heritability. Here, for the first time, we apply a genome-wide polygenic risk score approach using 6.2 million variants to compute a PD genome-wide polygenic risk score (PD-GPRS) via the LDPred algorithm. PD-GPRS validation and testing used Accelerating Medicines Partnership - Parkinsons Disease (AMP-PD) and FinnGen Consortia genomic data from 1,654 PD Cases and 79,123 Controls. PD odds for the top 8%, 2.5%, and 1% of PD-GPRS were three-, four-, and seven times greater compared with lower percentiles, respectively (p<1e-10). PD age of onset and MDS-UPDRS motor scores also differed by PD-GPRS decile. Enrichment for phagosome related, dopamine signaling, immune related, and neuronal signaling pathways was found for genes nearest high PD-GPRS variants identified by MAF analysis. PD-GPRS offers a promising screening tool to identify high-risk individuals for preventive lifestyle or new drug therapy trials.
The effectiveness of preoperative rehabilitation programmes on postoperative outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction: a systematic review

Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most commonly injured ligament in the knee with annual incidence rates of ruptures reported at 68.6 per 100,000. ACL ruptures are commonly treated with surgical reconstruction which aims to restore knee stability and maximise functional capacity to allow individuals to return to their preinjury level of physical activity. Prior to ACL reconstruction (ACLR), preoperative rehabilitation, commonly termed prehabilitation (PreHab), has been suggested to physically and mentally prepare patients for surgery and postoperative rehabilitation. No previous systematic review has specifically evaluated the effectiveness of PreHab on postoperative outcomes. A 2017 systematic review did investigate prehabilitation, but of the included eight RCTs only two included post-operative outcomes and not all RCTs included surgery in the treatment pathway. Hypotheses: To explore the effectiveness of preoperative rehabilitation programmes (PreHab) on postoperative physical and psychological outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Methods: A systematic search was conducted from inception to November 2019. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English were included. Risk of bias was assessed using Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment system was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Results: The search identified 739 potentially eligible studies, three met the inclusion criteria. All included RCTs scored ‘high’ risk of bias. PreHab in all three RCTs was an exercise programme, each varied in content (strength, control, balance and perturbation training), frequency (10 to 24 sessions) and length (3.1- to 6-weeks). Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were reported for quadriceps strength (one RCT) and single leg hop scores (two RCTs) in favour of PreHab three months after ACLR. One RCT reported no statistically significant between-group difference for pain and function. No RCT evaluated post-operative psychological outcomes. Conclusion: Low-quality evidence suggests that PreHab that includes muscular strength, balance and perturbation training offers a small benefit to quadriceps strength and single leg hop scores three months after ACLR. There is no consensus on the optimum PreHab programme content, frequency and length; this requires future consideration including the development of PreHab programmes that consider psychosocial factors and the measurement of relevant post-operative outcomes such as psychological readiness.
Frontiers in Dentistry

Article type: Original Article Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate CD4 cell counts, lipid profile, and oral manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and their correlation with seronegative controls. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, hospital-based study, there were three groups of subjects: group A consisting of 500 healthy patients (controls), group B composed of 500 HIV-infected patients, and group C comprised of 500 AIDS patients based on their CD4 cell counts. CD4 cell counts were assessed using the CyFlow counter. Lipid profile was evaluated with the Erba EM 360 analyzer. Results: The results were statistically significant for CD4 cell counts (P<0.001). The levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) were significantly decreased while triglycerides (TGs) and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) were significantly increased in AIDS patients compared to the controls and HIV-infected patients. Various results were obtained regarding oral manifestations with different levels of significance. Conclusion: CD4 cell counts, TC, LDLs, TGs, and VLDLs were significantly changed in HIV-infected and AIDS patients compared to the controls.
The local entropy along Ricci flow---Part B: the pseudo-locality theorems

We localize the entropy functionals of G. Perelman and generalize his no-local-collapsing theorem and pseudo-locality theorem. Our generalization is technically inspired by further development of Li-Yau estimates along the Ricci flow. It has various applications, including to show the continuous dependence of the Ricci flow with respect to the initial metric in Gromov-Hausdorff topology with Ricci curvature bounded below, and to show the compactness of the moduli of Kahler manifolds with bounded scalar curvature and a rough locally almost Euclidean condition.