Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heat Transfer from An Impingement Jet onto A Heated Half-Prolate Spheroid Attached to A Heated Flat Plate

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA Abstract. Impingement jet heat transfer behavior is numerically investigated for a target surface consisting of a half-prolate spheroid attached to a flat plate. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS) and the energy equation are solved for axisymmetric, three-dimensional flow. The k-ε rng and v2f turbulence models with non-uniform meshes are used for the simulations. One jet-to-target distance is used and five spheroid shapes are investigated for a Reynolds number of 23,000. A number of effects are studied for each model including location of separation point, local heat transfer and stagnation point Nusselt number. Existing experimental data for a half-round dome (a/c = 1) is used to compare with these numerical results.
Segmenting Continuous Gestures

In the world, 5% of the population has disabling hearing loss. Many of them use sign language as their main way of communication. Therefore sign language plays an important role in the daily lives of many. But, as sign language is a visual and dynamic language, it is diﬃcult to study. Capturing sign translations and alternating between signs has been proven diﬃcult. Moreover, large sign language data-sets are scarce, because the transcription of sign language is still handled manually. Therefore progress has been slow in this discipline. To accelerate progress in sign language research, it is imperative to construct a method to automate this transcription process. One possible solution is founded in recent sign language recognition developments. In this thesis a network called the Tube Convolutional Neural Network (T-CNN), a method of alternating between diﬀerent signs in continuous sign language sentences, will be proposed. This T-CNN combines a 3D Convolutional Neural Network with a Faster R-CNN. As a consequence this network integrates spatial and temporal data.
Alignment and structural analysis of membrane polypeptides by 15N and 31P solid‐state NMR spectroscopy

In contrast to solution NMR spectroscopy, where complete or almost complete averaging leads to isotropic values, the anisotropic character of nuclear interactions is apparent in solid-state NMR spectra. The orientation dependence of chemical shift and dipolar or quadrupolar interactions has been used to obtain dynamic as well as angular information from polypeptides that strongly interact with phospholipid bilayers. This article illustrates the advantageous characteristics of the anisotropic 15N or 31P chemical shift interactions that in a direct manner allow one to obtain information on the alignment of helical polypeptides or of phospholipid head groups with respect to the membrane normal. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 18A: 130–145, 2003
A Prognostic Model Based on Six Metabolism-Related Genes in Colorectal Cancer

An increasing number of studies have shown that abnormal metabolism processes are closely correlated with the genesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we systematically explored the prognostic value of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) for CRC patients. A total of 289 differentially expressed MRGs were screened based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), and 72 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) were obtained from TCGA and the Cistrome Project database. The clinical samples obtained from TCGA were randomly divided at a ratio of 7 : 3 to obtain the training group (n = 306) and the test group (n = 128). After univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we constructed a prognostic model based on 6 MRGs (AOC2, ENPP2, ADA, GPD1L, ACADL, and CPT2). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of the training group, validation group, and overall samples proved that the model had statistical significance in predicting the outcomes of patients. Independent prognosis analysis suggested that this risk score might serve as an independent prognosis factor for CRC patients. Moreover, we combined the prognostic model and the clinical characteristics in a nomogram to predict the overall survival of CRC patients. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify the enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in the high- and low-risk groups, which might provide novel therapeutic targets for CRC patients. We discovered through the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and TF-MRG regulatory network that 7 hub genes were retrieved from the PPI network and 4 kinds of differentially expressed TFs (NR3C1, MYH11, MAF, and CBX7) positively regulated 4 prognosis-associated MRGs (GSTM5, PTGIS, ENPP2, and P4HA3).
E¡ect of p53 on centrosome ampli¢cation in prostate cancer cells

Chromosomal instability (CIN) is one of the common features in prostate cancer, especially in advanced stages. Recently, the involvement of p53 in CIN through the regulation of centrosome amplification has been proposed in certain tumor types. In this study, we investigated the relationship between p53 and centrosome amplification in prostate cancer cells. Increased centrosome number and size were observed in DU145 and PC3 containing nonfunctional p53 compared to LNCap which expressed wild-type p53. Transfection of p53 into PC3 cells resulted in a decreased cell growth rate, G2/M arrest and decreased centrosome abnormalities. We provide the first evidence on a correlation between loss of p53 function and centrosome amplification in prostate cancer cells. Our results indicate that p53 may play a role in the regulation of centrosome amplification and loss of p53 may be one of the mechanisms involving CIN in prostate cancer cells. fl 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
3D Gaze-based Stereo Image Interaction Technique

- There are several researches on 2D gaze tracking techniques for the 2D screen for the Human-Computer Interaction. However, the researches for the gaze-based interaction to the stereo images or contents are not reported. The 3D display techniques are emerging now for the reality service. Moreover, the 3D interaction techniques are much more needed in the 3D contents service environments. This paper addresses gaze-based 3D interaction techniques on stereo display, such as parallax barrier or lenticular stereo display. This paper presents our researches on 3D gaze estimation and gaze-based interaction to stereo display.
Experiences in using Reinforcement Learning for Directed Fuzzing

Directed testing is a technique to analyze user-specified target locations in the program. It reduces the time and effort of developers by excluding irrelevant parts of the program from testing and focusing on reaching the target location. Existing tools for directed testing employ either symbolic execution with heavy-weight program analysis or fuzz testing mixed with hand-tuned heuristics. In this thesis, we explore the feasibility of using a data-driven approach for directed testing. We aim to leverage the data generated by fuzz testing tools. We train an agent on the data collected from the fuzzers to learn a better mutation strategy based on the program input. The agent then directs the fuzzer towards the target location by instructing the optimal action for each program input. We use reinforcement learning based algorithms to train the agent. We implemented a prototype of our approach and tested it on synthetic as well as real-world programs. We evaluated and compared different reward functions. In our experiments, we observe that for simple synthetic programs, our approach can reach the target location with fewer mutations compared to AFL and AFLGo that employ random mutations. However, for complex programs, the results are mixed. No one technique can perform consistently for all programs. For real-world programs, our approach failed to find an input that reaches the target location.
ATTITUDES TOWARDS A CLIMATE NEUTRAL SOCIETY ACROSS CULTURES Differences in implicit and explicit attitudes between indians and swedes

Recently, scientists have highlighted the importance of spreading information about climate change in the world, but the public attitude towards this topic plays a big role in knowing how to communicate with the public about climate change issues and solutions. This study investigates if there are any cultural differences between Swedish and Indian individuals regarding attitudes towards environmental issues. Within this study there were two sub studies; focus groups and an experiment. One of the focus groups consisted of Swedish participants, and the other consisted of Indian and Bangladeshi participants. The experiment consisted of an Implicit Association Test (IAT) and two explicit questionnaires. The main finding was that there was no significant difference in the explicit tests between the Swedish group and the Indian group. However, there was a significant difference in the implicit test between the two groups. This indicates that there are no differences between the groups when they are grading themselves, but there is a tendency of an underlying implicit difference. A difference that is not directly or openly expressed.
0 BRIBES AND FIRM VALUE

I exploit the passage of the U.K. Bribery Act 2010 as a shock to U.K. firms’ cost of doing business in order to study the effect of bribes on firm value. Around the Act’s passage, U.K. firms operating in high-corruption countries displa y drop in value. However, their nonU.K. competitors in these countries exhibit an incr ease in value. U.K. firms respond to the Act by reducing the expansion of their network of s ub idiaries into perceivably corrupt regions. Moreover, compared to their non-U.K. compe titors, U.K. firms’ sales in such regions grow 12 percentage points slower and their M&A activity declines. Taken together, I show that bribes facilitate doing business in cer tain regions. Imposing unilateral antibribery regulation on some firms benefits their unr egulated competitors.
ANNIHILATOR IDEALS IN 0-DISTRIBUTIVE LATTICES

In this paper we generalized some results of annihilator ideals for 0-distributive lattices. We prove that the set of all annihilator ideals of a 0-distributive lattice f o r m a Boolean algebra. We also prove Stone type separation theorem for annihilator ideals of 0-distributive lattices.
Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988)

This article analyzes the representations of sambas-enredo (samba theme-songs) sung in the parades of the samba schools in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo during the carnival of 1988, the centenary year of the abolition of slavery in Brazil. The focus of this text is, therefore, to apprehend the narratives of Afro-descendants present in the representations that were exhibited by the different associations during the carnivals in these cities, making comparisons with the positions of the black movement during these events. It is also interesting to establish the differences and common elements, which were coined in these readings made by black people about their centenary trajectory after the abolition. In the narratives of sambas-enredo, the particular and universal aspects of identity (or new forms of negotiation of tension between the two dimensions) were articulated and reaffirmed for Afro-descendants, based on the link established between past and present. Finally, what motives for these questions become the group's strategies? For this article, different types of sources were researched, such as the lyrics of sambas-enredo, the synopses, the photographs and the videos of television broadcasts of the parades that allowed us to view the allegories displayed on the streets, in addition to the specialized bibliography that covers the universe of Afro-descendants, before and after the abolition of slavery.
“Elderly” Seniors Vs. “Youthful” Seniors: Attributions and Reshaping of Aging Expectations

People’s expectations of aging are shaped by various sources and experiences. These aging expectations subsequently influence a person’s overall health and well-being. I intended to gain a deeper understanding of the various sources by which Filipino older adults attribute and reshape negative and positive expectations regarding aging. I used a multiple case study (Creswell, 2013) and enlisted eight participants who are 60 years old and older in a large metropolitan area in the Philippines and interviewed them regarding their aging expectations. I analyzed the data using cross-case analysis for comparison of commonalities and differences in the events, activities, and processes in the selected cases. Findings show that there are various sources such as personal, interpersonal, and sociocultural factors that shape aging expectations. Furthermore, those who have positive aging expectations accept that there are physical limitations but still maintain a positive outlook compared to those having negative expectations. Programs to educate people about the differences between normal and abnormal changes in old age should be implemented to clarify aging stereotypes.
The mutation profiles of cell-free DNA in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were responsive and non-responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) mutation profiles in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Twenty-two OSCC patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and were divided into two groups according to their response to the therapy. Fifteen patients were in the responsive group, and seven patients were in the non-responsive group. The blood samples were collected, and the plasma cfDNA mutation profiles were sequenced by a cancer gene-targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel. Results The driver gene molecular mutation burden (MMB) was significantly higher in the non-responsive group compared with the responsive group. Furthermore, we found that the differential MMB included the DNA damage response, Wnt, PI3K, Hippo, RTK/RAS, p53, and AHR pathway. The MMB yielded an area under the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.89 for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The cfDNA copy number variations (CNVs) yielded an area under ROC curve of 1.0 for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions The driver gene MMB and CNVs in plasma cfDNA may be potential biomarkers for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with OSCC.
Evaluating sampling strategies for collecting size-based fish fecundity data: an example of Gulf of Maine northern shrimp Pandalus borealis

Fecundity information is critical in determining reproductive potential of a population. Collecting fecundity data, however, can be cost prohibitive or ineffective if a sampling protocol is not well designed. Inappropriate sampling can lead to biased estimates of fecundity, which may result in biased estimate of reproductive potential. Processing egg samples tends to be time-consuming and labour-intensive. For many fish and crustacean species, fecundity is dependent on female sizes. Nevertheless, at extreme size classes, fecundity may decrease or level off due to senescence. In order to account for this maternal effect, female sample of a wide size range need to be collected for developing a complete relationship between fecundity and body sizes. Using the Gulf of Maine northern shrimp, Pandalus borealis, as an example, we evaluated two sampling strategies, simple random sampling and size-based stratified random sampling, with a different number of sampling locations and different number of animals sampled per sampling location or length interval. The study shows that both the sampling strategies, simple random sampling and size-based stratified random sampling, can generate representative samples. However, the simulation analysis suggests that when the population size distribution is skewed with a lack of large and/or small individuals, size-based stratified random sampling is preferred due to lower variation in differences of means and medians between samples and the population. This study provides a simulation framework for identifying a cost-effective sampling protocol that can improve the estimate of fecundity, leading to an improved estimate of fish population reproductive potential.
Understanding and Evaluating Structural Node Embeddings

While most network embedding techniques model the proximity between nodes in a network, recently there has been significant interest in structural embeddings that are based on node equivalences , a notion rooted in sociology: equivalences or positions are collections of nodes that have similar roles—i.e., similar functions, ties or interactions with nodes in other positions—irrespective of their distance or reachability in the network. Unlike the proximity-based methods that are rigorously evaluated in the literature, the evaluation of structural embeddings is less mature. It relies on small synthetic or real networks with labels that are arbitrarily defined, and its connection to sociological equivalences has hitherto been vague and tenuous. To fill in this gap, we set out to understand what types of equivalences structural embeddings capture. We are the first to contribute rigorous intrinsic and extrinsic evaluation methodology for structural embeddings, along with carefully-designed, diverse datasets of varying sizes. We observe a number of different evaluation variables that can lead to different results (e.g., choice of similarity measure or label definitions). We find that degree distributions within nodes’ local neighborhoods can lead to simple yet effective baselines. We hope that our findings can influence the design of further node embedding methods and also pave the way for future evaluation of existing methods.
IMPACT STUDIES OF AMVS AND SCATTEROMETER WINDS IN JMA GLOBAL OPERATIONAL NWP SYSTEM

To assess the impacts on Numarical Weather Prediction (NWP) of both Atmospheric Motion Vecter (AMV) and scatterometer winds, data denial studies of these data using Japan Meteorological Agancy (JMA) global NWP system were performed. Adjoint sensitivity analyses of in situ and satellite data including AMV and scatterometer winds were also carried out using the system. Results of data denial studies were confirmed as follows. Assimilation of the AMVs had a positive impact mainly in the tropics (TR) on the mean wind analysis at 200 hPa in the 2010 summer and the 2010/11 winter seasons. Its wind speed differences between with all AMV and without all AMV are extend to approximately 5 m/s. Assimilation of the AMVs brought an improvement of winds profiles against radiosonde observations in TR at 500-100 hPa. Assimilation of the polar AMVs had a weak impact in the equatorial and polar regions on the mean wind analysis at 200 hPa in the 2010/11 winter season. Its wind speed differences between with the polar AMVs and without the polar AMVs are less than 1 m/s. But assimilation of the polar AMVs had strong impacts on mean 500 hPa geopotential height analyzed fields in north and south poles areas. They reduced wind biases (BIASs) against radiosonde observations in the southern hemisphere (SH) at 700400 hPa mainly. Assimilation of the scatterometer winds had a weak impact in TR on the mean wind analysis at 200 hPa in the 2010 summer season. Its wind speed differences between with the scatterometer winds and without the scatterometer winds are less than 1 m/s. But the scatterometer winds brought a strong positive impact in the North Atrantic. Adjoint sensitivity analyses of AMV derived from geostationary satellites show a strong positive impact mainly in the equatorial Indian Ocean and the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean in the 2010 summer and winter seasons. These patterns are similar to the results obtained from the AMV denial study.
Lifelong Learning of Factored Policies via Policy Gradients

Policy gradient methods have shown success in learning continuous control policies for high-dimensional dynamical systems. A major down-side of such methods is the amount of exploration they require before yielding high-performing policies. In a lifelong learning setting, in which an agent is faced with multiple consecutive tasks over its lifetime, reusing information from previously seen tasks can substantially accelerate the learning of new tasks. We provide a novel method for lifelong policy gradient learning that trains life-long function approximators directly via policy gradients, allowing the agent to beneﬁt from accumulated knowledge throughout the entire training process. We show empirically that our algorithm learns faster and converges to better policies than single-task and lifelong learning baselines, and completely avoids catastrophic forgetting on a variety of challenging domains.
Ectoparasites associated with bats in tropical forest of northeastern Thailand

The ectoparasites of bats in Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve, northeastern Thailand were studied during June 2013 to May 2014. Altogether,66 bats were captured using mist nets and investigated for their ectoparasites. Of these, 21 individuals of 4 bat species were infested with ectoparasites (31.82%) i.e. Hipposideros larvatus, Rhinolophus affinis, Myotis muricola and Cynopterus sphinx. A total of 64 ectoparasites were collected from bats belonging to 4 families, 7 genera and 7 species i.e. Brachytarsina sp. (n = 28), Raymondia sp. (n = 21), Nycteribia sp. (n = 2), Phthiridium sp. (n =4), Cyclopodia sp. (n = 2), Spinturnix myoti (n = 6) and Ixodessimplex (n = 1). Number of parasite loads among bat species was not different (H = 1.45, df = 3, p = 0.69). Mean intensity of infestation of ectoparasites on bats ranged from 1 to 4.2. The highest Sorenson’s similarity index of ectoparasites was found between Hipposideros larvatus and Rhinolophus affinis (0.67). The Brillouin diversity index of ectoparasites on bats ranged from 0 to0.56 whereas the Brillouin evenness index ranged from 0.71 to 1.
A Novel Compact UWB Not-Concentric Split Ring Resonator Patch Antenna For UWB Wireless Communications

A new ultra-wideband (UWB) patch antenna is proposed, based on two no split ring resonator with the ground on the same substrate face, the radiation elements of the proposed antenna are electromagnetically fed by a microstrip line with printed on the opposite face of the substrate. T antenna is operating the frequency band ranging from 3.56 GHz up to 16GHz. The plots are also presented and discussed paper. The entire antenna occupies volume of 30mm x 31.5mm x1.5mm the optimized antenna was fabricated measured. Measurement and simulation show a very good agreement.
Food and Feeding Behavior of the Mink Frog, Rana septentrionalis Baird, in Minnesota

Rana septentrionalis in the Lake Itasca region fed primarily on algae through Stage XX, fasted during Stage XXI, and began an adult diet during Stage XXII (stages based on Taylor and Kollros, 1946). All 74 adult stomachs examined contained animal material. Accidentally ingested plant material occurred in 90.5% of the stomachs. Diet differences among populations were due to differences in habitat and seasonal food availability. The higher incidence of certain aquatic food items in R. septentrionalis than in sympatric R. pipiens may reflect interspecific differences in feeding behavior.