Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The convergence of Integrated Coastal Zone Management and theecosystems approach

The primary role of the Integrated Coastal Zone Management model was to arbitrate conflicts between stakeholders in a living and natural resource environment characterized by a common property and open access doctrine. A chronology of events describes how the development and acceptance of an ecosystems approach policy began to converge and coincide with the spread and development of Integrated Coastal Zone Management. Those organizations that gave representation to the conservation ethic became internationally recognized as surrogate natural resource ‘users’, the interests of which possessed commonality with all stakeholder interests in general. The tenants of conservation policy were therefore largely employed to decide the merits of disputes over ocean and coastal resources. In the 1990s, scientists created a forum to debate, better define, and institutionalize a sound basis for ecosystem management theory and practice. Protocols were developed that embedded science in living and natural resources planning and management. These protocols were shaped and adopted to serve an evermore contemporary Integrated Coastal Zone Management model. Improvements in methodology include the use of adaptive management, ecological modeling and monitoring, appropriate temporal and spatial scales, salient indicators, and stakeholder participation. This contemporary approach is dependent upon recognizing the benefits inherent in utilizing instruments capable of managing resources on a holistic level. Bioregional planning and zoning accommodate the successful management of resources on this level. It is a direct outcome of the convergence of Integrated Coastal Zone Management and the ecosystems approach. Bioregional zoning schemes are capable of traversing the private property and common property doctrines that define the respective terrestrial and aquatic environments of the coastal zone. A comparative case study of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and the Belize Marine Protected Area Program is included as an annex, the analysis of which is predicated upon the principles espoused in the literature.
Evaluation of fatigue performance at different temperatures

The fatigue performance of asphalt mixtures is used to predict pavement life to control the cracking in the asphalt layers. The design of an asphalt pavement is usually made for a specific temperature, what is intended to represent the pavement behaviour throughout a whole year. For damage analysis during a year, along which the pavement temperature constant- ly varies, it is necessary to calculate the fatigue performance of pavements at a wide range of temperatures. Thus, this paper presents the evaluation of the fatigue response of two asphalt mixtures, a conventional and an asphalt rubber mixture. Frequency sweep tests were also per- formed to evaluate the stiffness modulus. The fatigue test results showed that the fatigue life de- creases when the test temperature decreases up to a certain value. After that value, the fatigue life increases when the test temperature decreases. To explain this phenomenon, this paper presents the preliminary tests carried out to measure the temperature inside the testing speci- mens to verify possible discrepancies between the climatic chamber temperature and the speci- men temperature.
Survey: Recent Trends and Techniques in Image Co-Segmentation Challenges, Issues and Its Applications

The processing on semantic and visual information has always been a challenging task and co-segmentation is one of them. Co-segmentation is a classic, demanding and most studied topic in literature of computer vision not only because of its challenging nature but also due to its countless applications. During the past 20 years, several general-purpose algorithms and techniques have been developed publicly available benchmarks, as well as the progress in the development of robust computer vision algorithms. In this paper, we review the current activities and recent advances in real-world image co-segmentation methodologies and techniques. These techniques are roughly categorized into two general schemes: Unsupervised and Interactive. Which are mainly based on energy optimization, clustering, random walk, heat diffusion based and others. This paper also explains the features, weaknesses and computational complexity of the different methods. Additionally, we also discuss some important issues, applications and future of the image co-segmentation.
Exploiting Class Label Frequencies for Text Classification

Document classification is an example of Machine Learning (ML) in the form of Natural Language Processing (NLP). By classifying text, we are aiming to assign one or more classes or categories to a document, making it easier to manage and sort. In the vast majority of document classification techniques a document is represented as a bag of words consisting of all the individual terms making up the document together with the number of times each term appears in the document. The number of term occurrences is known as local term frequencies and it is very common to make use of the local term frequencies at the price of some added information in the classification model. In this work, we extend our previous work on medical article classification [1,2] by simplifying the weighting scheme in the ranking process using class label frequencies to device a simple weighting formula inspired from traditional information retrieval task. We also evaluate the proposed approach using more research experimental data. The method we propose here, called CLF KNN first, it uses a lexical approach to identify frequency terms in the document texts and then, it uses this information coupled with class label information in corpus in a sophisticated way to devise a weighting ranking scheme in classification decision process. The evaluation experiments on two collections: The Ohsumed collection of medical documents and the 20 Newsgroup messages collection, show that the proposed method significantly outperforms traditional KNN classification.
Impact of cloud horizontal inhomogeneity and directional sampling on the retrieval of cloud droplet size by the POLDER instrument

Abstract. The principles of cloud droplet size retrieval via Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectance (POLDER) requires that clouds be horizontally homogeneous. The retrieval is performed by combining all measurements from an area of 150 km × 150 km to compensate for POLDER's insufficient directional sampling. Using POLDER-like data simulated with the RT3 model, we investigate the impact of cloud horizontal inhomogeneity and directional sampling on the retrieval and analyze which spatial resolution is potentially accessible from the measurements. Case studies show that the sub-grid-scale variability in droplet effective radius (CDR) can significantly reduce valid retrievals and introduce small biases to the CDR (~ 1.5 μm) and effective variance (EV) estimates. Nevertheless, the sub-grid-scale variations in EV and cloud optical thickness (COT) only influence the EV retrievals and not the CDR estimate. In the directional sampling cases studied, the retrieval using limited observations is accurate and is largely free of random noise. Several improvements have been made to the original POLDER droplet size retrieval. For example, measurements in the primary rainbow region (137–145°) are used to ensure retrievals of large droplet (> 15 μm) and to reduce the uncertainties caused by cloud heterogeneity. We apply the improved method using the POLDER global L1B data from June 2008, and the new CDR results are compared with the operational CDRs. The comparison shows that the operational CDRs tend to be underestimated for large droplets because the cloudbow oscillations in the scattering angle region of 145–165° are weak for cloud fields with CDR > 15 μm. Finally, a sub-grid-scale retrieval case demonstrates that a higher resolution, e.g., 42 km × 42 km, can be used when inverting cloud droplet size distribution parameters from POLDER measurements.
APPLICATION OF SMART MOBILE PHONES IN VIBRATION MONITORING

The purpose of the research presented in this paper is the development of the smart mobile phone application for vibration monitoring of pumping aggregate, based on Microchip’s microcontroller (MC). Hardware used is based on Bluetooth connection between smart sensor and smart mobile phone. Software for acquisition and data analysis is optimized for imbedded application in smart sensors. Smart acceleration sensor in conjunction with Bluetooth connection to smart mobile phone creates one touch mobile vibration monitoring system. The authors have performed numerous measurements on a wide range of aggregates for establishing the operating functionality of the newly created system. The possibility of system application I rail vehicle vibration monitoring is also analyzed.
A Course on Biomimetic Design Strategies

Although redesigning curricula by integrating the CAD tools into architectural education has been an ongoing interest, a new understanding towards solving design problems holistically should be investigated in architectural education. Because natural systems offer design strategies to increase performance and effectiveness with an extensive formal repertoire; incorporating multi-faceted biomimetic principles into the design process is necessary. It is critical to increase skills of students towards algorithmic thinking, as well as to deal with performance issues and sustainability. This paper aims to discuss an undergraduate elective course titled “Sustainable Design and Environment through Biomimicry” which was taught by the author in architectural degree program of Ozyegin University Faculty of Architecture and Design in Fall 2014-2015. Following the exploration of individual research topics, findings were implemented into design problems. The challenges encountered in the teaching process and future lines of the work are discussed in the paper.
Proteomic Differential Display Analysis Reveals Decreased Expression ofPEA-15 and Vimentin in FABP7-Deficient Astrocytes

Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are intracellular lipid chaperones which mediate the uptake, transportation and signaling roles of fatty acids. Former studies suggest that FABP7 regulates proliferation and differentiation of radial glia and astrocytes and is associated with various central nervous system diseases including glioma and neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. To further explore the mechanistic roles of FABP7 on astrocyte function, the proteome of astrocytes cultured from Fabp7 KO mice was compared with wild-type counterparts by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). We found that 16 protein spots showed differential expression intensity on 2-DE gels. Among them, seven spots appeared elevated, and nine spots appeared decreased in Fabp7 KO astrocytes. Selected spots were analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis and their protein identity was subsequently revealed using protein databases. Four spots including phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 (PEA-15), GFAP, vimentin and FABP7 were selected for further confirmation by Western blotting. Consistently, there was a significant decrease in expression of PEA-15 and vimentin, both of which play significant roles in proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and survival of astrocytes. These results suggest the molecular mechanism how FABP7 controls astrocyte function and provide new insight to explain the role of FABP7 in glioma and reactive gliosis.
Dissolving long-term romantic relationships

Previous research on the dissolution of long-term romantic relationships has mostly focused on determinants that reflect either the characteristics of the individual partners or the characteristics of the relationship itself. The role of the social context in which couples are embedded has received less attention. This study assesses the association between three characteristics of the social context and the dissolution of long-term romantic relationships simultaneously: the prevalence of divorce in the network of the couple, the extent to which the networks of partners overlap each other, and the amount of social capital in the network of the couple. Using nationally representative panel data from the first and second waves of the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study, partial support was found for the link between the prevalence of divorce and network overlap on the one hand, and the likelihood to dissolve long-term romantic relationships on the other hand, among a sample of 3406 married and 648 unmarried cohabiting respondents. The association with social capital was found to differ between married and unmarried cohabiting respondents, as well as to depend upon the type of relationship the social capital is based in. These findings were interpreted to reflect differences in the symbolic meanings of marital and cohabiting relationships, and differences in types of social capital to which a person has access: relationship-specific versus non-relationship-specific social capital, with the former potentially impeding dissolution, and the latter potentially acting as an alternative to the relationship, thereby encouraging dissolution.
Optimal Foraging Behavior and Efficient Biological Control Methods

Insect parasitoids have been used for the biological control of insect pests through classical importations for the control of invasive phytophagous species, through seasonal or inundative releases for short-term suppression of indigenous or invasive pests, and through conservation of parasitoid activity by the provisioning of resource subsidies and alteration of management practices. In all cases, success in the suppression of a pest is dependent upon the behavioral decisions made by the parasitoid in searching for and parasitizing hosts. For example, in the case of classical biological control, patch choice decisions that maximize parasitoid fitness will tend to increase its regional impact, leading to greater suppression of the pest and success in biological control. In contrast, for augmentative biological control, the goal is to provide local pest suppression and behavior that maximizes fitness might, for example, lead parasitoids to abandon local patches of their hosts before the pest has been suppressed to the desired level. Thus, the behavioral ecology of insect parasitoids is central to the successful implementation of biological control programs. We explore how optimal foraging effects the suppression of global pest densities in a metapopulation context and to what extent the physiological condition and behavioral decisions of foraging parasitoids are likely to influence establishment and impact in classical biological control. In the case of inundative biological control, we discuss the trade-off between optimal foraging behavior and the level of pest suppression at a local scale and consider the use of chemical attractants and arrestants to increase parasitoid activity and patch time allocation. We also discuss the influence of host size and quality, and sex ratio (Wolbachia infection) on parasitoid mass rearing. Finally, the influence of nectar subsidies on parasitoid foraging behavior and host suppression is considered in the context of developing more efficient methods for conservation biological control. 1 Optimal foraging behavior and efficient biological control methods Nick J. Mills and Eric Wajnberg 4 N.J. MILLS AND E. WAJNBERG
Dust particle artifact detection and removal in retinal images

Retinal fundus cameras suffer from dust particles attaching to the sensor and lens, which manifest as small artifacts on the images. We propose a new strategy for the detection and removal of dust particle artifacts in retinal images. We consider as input two or more color fundus images acquired within the same session, in which we assume the artifacts remain in the same position. Our method consists in detecting candidate artifacts via normalized cross correlation with an artifact template, performing segmentation via region growing, and comparing the segmentations in all images. This guarantees that all detections are consistent for all images. The removal stage consists in an inpainting procedure so that the new region does not stand out from the neighboring regions. Encouraging experimental results show the localization of artifacts is effective and the artifacts are successfully removed, while not introducing new artifacts in the color retinal images.
Properties and Analysis of Transparency Conducting AZO Films by Using DC Power and RF Power Simultaneous Magnetron Sputtering

DC power and RF power were introduced into the magnetic controlled sputtering system simultaneously to deposit AZO films in order to get an acceptable deposition rate with high quality transparency conducting thin film. The resistivity decreases with the RF power for the as-deposited samples. The resistivity of 6 × 10−4 Ω-cm and 3.5–4.5 × 10−4 Ω-cm is obtained for the as-deposited sample, and for all annealed samples, respectively. The transmittance of the AZO films with higher substrate temperature is generally above 80% for the incident light wavelength within 400–800 nm. The transmittance of the as-deposited samples reveals a clear blue shift phenomenon. The AZO films present (002) oriented preference as can be seen from the X-ray diffraction curves. All AZO films reveal compressive stress. The annealing process improves the electrical property of AZO films. A significant blue shift phenomenon has been found, which may have a great application for electrode in solar cell.
Phenotypic variation and bistability within flagellar gene network in Salmonella Typhimurium

In Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, more than 50 genes divided among at least 17 operons are involved in flagellar biogenesis and chemotaxis. One of the critical features of this process is coupling of the gene expression to assembly. Like flagellar assembly, gene expression also proceeds in a sequential manner. Availability of nutrients in the cellular environment also plays a key role in switching between motile or sessile phenotypes. However, the response to nutritional cues could be very different even in closely related species. For example, E. coli upregulates flagellar syntheis under lownutrient conditions through cAMP-Crp control of the class 1 operon whereas Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium downregulates flagellar synthesis under low-nutrient condition. YdiV is responsible for the repression of flagellar synthesis in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium which acts as an anti-FlhD4C2 factor. Moreover, FliZ-dependent activation of Pclass2 promoters is more pronounced in low nutrient condition and is achieved by repression of the ydiV gene by FliZ. YdiV expression is enhanced in poor media and greatly reduced in rich media. Thus, FliZ and YdiV, in poor media, form a negative regulation loop which results in a bistable motility phenotype. However, the extent of bistability is unclear. This study aims to characterize the extent of bistability within the flagellar network in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Our results suggest that two distinct phenotypes, motile and sessile, coexist in an isogenic cell population under limited nutrient condition. The flagellar gene network is bistable and is mediated by FliZ-YdiV feedback loop.
Assessment of the Relationship between NIHL and Blood Biochemical Tests

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is the most common complication of long-term noise exposure, though there are some other complications due to exposure to noise. Metabolic complications of the noise exposure are being evaluated in recent studies. We aimed to assess the relationship between NIHL and lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar (FBS). In This cross-sectional study, 462 workers with exposure to noise were randomly selected. Considering the presence of NIHL they were divided into two groups. FBS, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG, ALT, AST, ALP and Cr levels were measured in these workers and all variables were compared between two groups. We found a significant relationship between FBS, TG, cholesterol and LDL levels in two groups ( p <0.001 for all variables). There was not a significant difference in Cr and liver enzymes levels between two groups. Noise exposure could be a cardiovascular risk factor, which can cause considerable metabolic disorders among those who suffer from NIHL.
Non-smooth secondary source distributions in wave field synthesis

Wave Field Synthesis (WFS) is a well-established sound field synthesis (SFS) technique that uses a dense distribution of loudspeakers (secondary sources) arranged around an extended listening area. The physical foundations of WFS assume a smooth contour on which the secondary sources are located. Practical systems are often of rectangular shape, which constitutes a non-smooth secondary source contour. The resulting effects on the synthesized sound field are investigated in this paper. In order to isolate the artifacts of one edge from other aspects, semi-infinite rectangular arrays are considered. It is shown that edges can result in considerable amplitude and spectral deviations. These results are supplemented by a case-study where an existing array is investigated.
Numerical modelling of fractures induced by coal mining beneath reservoirs and aquifers in China

The increasing demand in recent years for energy in China has resulted in coal being mined in complex geological conditions. This has included the mining of coal seams located beneath reservoirs, aquifers and flooded abandoned mine workings. Throughout China the extraction of coal in these circumstances has resulted in groundwater inrushes into working mines. This has caused loss of lives, disruption or abandonment of coal mining, and the sterilization of coal resources. This paper demonstrates that numerical modelling using ANSYS-2D, FLAC-2D and FLAC-3D combined with field observations may provide a method for the modelling of fractures that develop in the rock mass above a roof of coal mines. These fractures may increase significantly the permeability of the strata and groundwater flows into mine workings.
Domestic and Foreign Price/Marginal-Cost Margins: An Application to Spanish Manufacturing Firms

The authors investigate the differences in margins of export and domestic markets for Spanish manufacturing firms in the period 1990 to 1997. They estimate jointly a multiproduct cost function, a variable factor share equation, and two price/marginal-cost margin equations. The results indicate that the marginal cost of production sold in export markets is slightly greater than in domestic markets. At the same time, the price/marginal-cost margins in export markets are smaller than in domestic markets. There is also strong evidence that margins are procyclical in domestic markets, but this evidence is less clear in foreign markets.