Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2 Audiovisual dialectology : a first theoretical definition

In 1994 a dialectological and ethnological film project was launched by the Institute of Slavic Studies at the University of Klagenfurt under the heading “Documentary records of past folk culture in dialect”. It involves recording the language of bilingual dialect speakers from the southern parts of Carinthia and then producing documentary video films. The main aim of the project is audiovisual dialectology. Observations and experiences from everyday rural life, which is still characterized by the use of traditional farming skills and implements, are recorded on video in the form of dialogues and group discussions as well as monologues. Particular attention is paid to recording spontaneous spoken dialect in simulated yet natural situations. Since November 1998, the research project has concentrated on documenting both terminology and objects in audiovisual form. Specialist agricultural and handicraft skills in everyday life are documented in the immediate context of the objects which are being described. The aim of this demanding method of documentation is to record ethnographical facts and dialect texts at the same time while retaining maximum authenticity. At present the research project is concentrating on the audiovisual documentation of monologues and dialogues. In early 2005, the project was renamed ―Audiovisual dialectology – documentary records of past folk culture in dialect (www.kwfilm.com)”.
Variation in the Index of Dental Plaque Removal and Practice Assessment after Instruction on Toothbrushing

This study was conducted to examine Oʼleary index, patient hygiene performance (PHP) index, and toothbrushing practice assessment in subjects of college students in 20s who had been randomly selected. The purpose of this study is to examine if it is easy for rolling method which is recommended by many dental professionals in Korea to implement and to effectively remove dental plaque. Also, the correlations between dental plaque index and toothbrushing practice assessment with the course of time was confirmed, after instruction session on toothbrushing was provided. STATA 11.0 (StataCorp) was used for analysis. There was no significant difference on the three ways of Oʼleary index, PHP index, and toothbrushing practice assessment in using rolling method, bass technique and toothpick method when comparing the average resulting from first to third instruction session on toothbrushing. Oʼleary index, PHP index, and toothbrushing practice assessment were inspected with Kruskal-Wallis test which is used for non-parametric statistics. They were checked three times: the first, before the toothbrushing instruction was given; the second, two weeks after the toothbrushing session was given; and the third, 4 weeks after the session. The results are as follows: Oʼleary index stood at the lowest in the first experiment but showed the highest in the second (p=0.0001). PHP index was the highest level in the first trial and decreased in the second time, but increased again in the last examination (p=0.0001). Toothbrushing practice assessment also showed a similar tendency with PHP index (p=0.0001). In conclusion, rolling method is not the best option for everyone, and it is thought that more various toothbrushing ways need to be reviewed and recommended to people. Also, institutional framework is required for the continuous education on toothbrushing to be in place as the effectiveness of the education is decreased with time.
NH4Ce(SO4)2·4H2O

Single crystals of ammonium cerium(III) bis­(sulfate) tetra­hydrate were grown by slow evaporation of an aqueous sulfate solution containing NH4+ and Ce3+. The crystal structure is isotypic with other ammonium rare earth sulfates of the type NH4RE(SO4)2·4H2O where complete single-crystal stucture analyses have already been performed for RE = La, Sm and Tb. The Ce3+ cation is coordinated by nine O atoms, six of which belong to SO4 groups and three to H2O mol­ecules. The rare earth cation is in the centre of a distorted tricapped trigonal prism. The structure is held together by moderate hydrogen bonds between the tetra­hedral SO42− and NH4+ groups and the water mol­ecules.
(–)-1-Benzyl-4-[1(S)-phenyl­ethyl­amino]-5,6-dihydro­pyridin-2(1H)-one

In the title mol­ecule, C20H22N2O, the pyridine heterocycle has an envelope conformation. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link the mol­ecules into chains along the [1\overline{1}0] direction.
Clinical Therapeutic Effect of Scalp Acupuncture on Premenstrual Tension Syndrome

Purpose To compare clinical theapeutic effects of scalp acupuncture and medicine for treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome to search the best therapy for it. Methods 66 cases were randomly divided into scalp acupuncture group (35 cases) and medication group (31 cases). For the scalp acupuncture group the Middle Line of Forehead and the Middle Line of Vertex were selected as main points, and adjuvant points according to different symptoms, and the medication group were treated with oral administration of provera, for 3 months. Results There was a significant difference between the two groups in the therapeutic effect (P 0.05). Conclusion The clinical therapeutic effect of the scalp acupuncture is better than that of the medication for premenstrual tension syndrome.
PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE

Introduction Noncommunicable diseases are the leading cause of illness and death worldwide; behavioral risk factors (BRFs) contribute to these diseases. We assessed the presence of multiple BRFs among European adults according to their physical and mental health status. Methods We used data from 26,026 adults aged 50 years or older from 11 countries that participated in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2004–2005). BRFs (overweight or obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, and risky alcohol consumption) were assessed according to physical health (ie, presence of chronic diseases, disease symptoms, or limitations in activities of daily living) and mental health (depression) through multiple regression estimations. Results Overweight or obesity in men and physical inactivity in women were the most prevalent BRFs. Compared with physically active adults, physically inactive adults had a higher mean number of chronic diseases (1.33 vs 1.26) and chronic disease symptoms (1.55 vs 1.47). Risky alcohol consumption (≥4 servings of an alcohol beverage ≥3 times a week) was associated with a higher mean depression score (2.84 vs 2.47). Compared with adults with 0 or 1 BRF, adults with 2 or more BRFs had significantly higher odds of having 1 or more chronic diseases (men: 1.52; women: 1.73) and functional limitations (men: 1.65; women: 1.79) and higher prevalence of high blood pressure (37.8% vs 28.2). Belgian adults with BRFs had the highest mean number of chronic diseases or functional limitations among those who were overweight or obese and the highest mean number of chronic diseases and disease symptoms among those who smoked and were physically inactive. Conclusion We found revealed significant positive associations between BRFs and poor health among middle-aged and older European adults. Primary health care intervention programs should focus on developing ways to reduce BRF prevalence in this population.
Serum exosomal miR‐7977 as a novel biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma

Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have great potentials as a novel biomarker to predict lung cancer. We applied a miRNA microarray to identify aberrantly expressed serum exosomal miRNAs as candidate biomarkers for patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Compared with the normal control, 31 exosomal miRNAs were found to be upregulated and 29 exosomal miRNAs were downregulated in the serum of LUAD respectively. Then, 10 dysregulated exosomal miRNAs expression levels in serum were further validated via qRT‐polymerase chain reaction. Notably, exosomal miR‐7977 was highest expressed and miR‐98‐3p was lowest expressed in the patients with LUAD, and exosomal miR‐7977 showed significant correlation with the N stage and TNM stage with patients with LUAD (P < .05). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the abundant level of exosomal miR‐7977 may predict LUAD with an area of under the curve (AUC) of 0.787. In comparison with exosomal miR‐7977, exosomal miR‐98‐3p had a smaller area (0.719). The combination of exosomal miR‐7977 and miR‐98‐3p improved the AUC to 0.816. Furthermore, in vitro experiments revealed that inhibition of miR‐7977 enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and inhibited apoptosis in A549 cells, the opposite results were performed by miR‐7977 mimics. In conclusion, exosomal miR‐7977 was identified as a novel biomarker for patients with LUAD and may play as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer.
Association of urine mitochondrial DNA with clinical measures of COPD in the SPIROMICS cohort.

BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction, a proposed mechanism of COPD pathogenesis, is associated with the leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which may be detected extracellularly in various bodily fluids. Despite evidence for the increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease in COPD subjects and for mitochondrial dysfunction in the kidneys of murine COPD models, whether urine mtDNA (u-mtDNA) associates with measures of disease severity in COPD is unknown. METHODS Cell-free u-mtDNA, defined as copy number of mitochondrially-encoded NADH dehydrogenase-1 (MTND1) gene, was measured by real-time quantitative PCR and normalized to urine creatinine in cell-free urine samples from participants in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS) cohort. Urine albumin/creatinine ratios (UACR) were measured in the same samples. Associations between u-mtDNA and UACR and clinical disease parameters, including FEV1 % predicted, clinical measures of exercise tolerance, respiratory symptom burden, and chest CT measures of lung structure were examined. RESULTS U-mtDNA and UACR levels were measured in never smokers (n = 64), smokers without airflow obstruction (n = 109), participants with mild/moderate COPD (n = 142), and participants with severe COPD (n = 168). U-mtDNA was associated with increased respiratory symptom burden, especially among smokers without COPD. Significant sex differences in u-mtDNA levels were observed with females having higher u-mtDNA levels across all study subgroups. U-mtDNA associated with worse spirometry and CT emphysema in males only, and worse respiratory symptoms in females only. Similar associations were not found with UACR. CONCLUSION U-mtDNA levels may help to identify distinct clinical phenotypes and underlying pathobiological differences in males versus females with COPD.
Transcription factor RUNX3 promotes CD8+ T cell recruitment by CCL3 and CCL20 in lung adenocarcinoma immune microenvironment

Considering the existence of immune‐desert in tumor microenvironment, the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy for lung adenocarcinoma is limited. This study aims to investigate the ability of transcription factors in regulating tumor immune microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma. RNA‐seq data were collected from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The relationships between transcription factors and immune infiltrates were assessed. Runt‐related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3)‐associated immune pathways were investigated by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Ontology, and Gene set enrichment analysis. Upregulated chemokines in the RUNX3‐overexpressed cell line were determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. These chemokines were further confirmed in RUNX3‐downregulated cell lines. Immunochemistry was conducted to determine the expression of RUNX3, CCL3, CCL20, and the numbers of CD8+ T lymphocytes in human lung cancer tissues. Chemokine receptors in CD8+ T cells were explored by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. T cell recruitment was investigated by transwell assay. After screening 406 transcription factors, RUNX3 was found strongly correlated T cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes, and CD8+ T cells. RUNX3 was associated with a variety of immunomodulators, including LAG3, CTLA‐4, PD‐1, and TIGIT. More importantly, RUNX3 was involved in immune‐related pathways, especially immune cell migration‐related pathways. Further investigation exhibited RUNX3 could upregulate CCL3 and CCL20 whose receptors CCR5 and CCR6 were upregulated in CD8+ effector T cells, while downregulation of RUNX3 decreased the expression of CCL3 and CCL20 and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in RUNX3‐downregulated lung cancer cell lines. Immunochemistry exhibited positive correlations of RUNX3 with CCL3 and CD8+ T cells in clinical lung adenocarcinoma samples. The chemotaxis assay proved RUNX3 could promote CD8+ T cell recruitment by upregulating CCL3 and CCL20. This study unearths RUNX3 related molecular mechanisms of tumor immune microenvironment and may reverse the immune‐desert condition in lung adenocarcinoma and be combined with immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell therapy.
Regression equations of respiratory impedance of Indian adults measured by forced oscillation technique

Background: Forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a technique to measure the mechanical properties of the lung. The present study was aimed to develop regression equations of within- and whole-breath respiratory impedance (Zrs) of healthy Indian adults. Methods: Total 323 adults were sequentially screened. Smokers, individuals with respiratory symptoms or diseases, and unable to perform acceptable FOT were excluded. Within- and whole-breath resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) were measured at 5, 11, and 19 Hz by Resmon Pro® Full device. The regression equations of within- and whole-breath Rrs and Xrs were generated separately for men and women by multiple linear regression models. Results: The FOT data of 253 individuals (122 men) aged 18–81 years were included in the analysis. The magnitudes of whole-breath Rrs at 5 Hz (4.53 ± 1.05 cmH2O/L/s in women vs. 3.26 ± 1.05 cmH2O/L/s in men; P = 0.000) and whole-breath Xrs at 5 Hz (−1.23 ± 0.66 cmH2O/L/s in women vs. −1.00 ± 0.54 cmH2O/L/s in men; P = 0.003) of women were significantly of higher magnitude as compared to men. The standing height was the best determinant of Zrs, followed by body weight; the effect of age was negligible and was observed in men only. The magnitudes of both Rrs and Xrs decrease with an increase in standing height of both men and women. Conclusions: The present study provides regression equations of within- and whole-breath respiratory impedance of Indian adults.
Microscopic melanoma detection and classification: A framework of pixel‐based fusion and multilevel features reduction

The numbers of diagnosed patients by melanoma are drastic and contribute more deaths annually among young peoples. An approximately 192,310 new cases of skin cancer are diagnosed in 2019, which shows the importance of automated systems for the diagnosis process. Accordingly, this article presents an automated method for skin lesions detection and recognition using pixel‐based seed segmented images fusion and multilevel features reduction. The proposed method involves four key steps: (a) mean‐based function is implemented and fed input to top‐hat and bottom‐hat filters which later fused for contrast stretching, (b) seed region growing and graph‐cut method‐based lesion segmentation and fused both segmented lesions through pixel‐based fusion, (c) multilevel features such as histogram oriented gradient (HOG), speeded up robust features (SURF), and color are extracted and simple concatenation is performed, and (d) finally variance precise entropy‐based features reduction and classification through SVM via cubic kernel function. Two different experiments are performed for the evaluation of this method. The segmentation performance is evaluated on PH2, ISBI2016, and ISIC2017 with an accuracy of 95.86, 94.79, and 94.92%, respectively. The classification performance is evaluated on PH2 and ISBI2016 dataset with an accuracy of 98.20 and 95.42%, respectively. The results of the proposed automated systems are outstanding as compared to the current techniques reported in state of art, which demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
The prognostic relevance and expression of progranulin in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract Progranulin (PGRN) is a secreted protein that can regulate cell cycle progression, cell motility, and tumorigenesis. The PGRN expression in hematological malignancies is limited to multiple myeloma, but its expression and survival prognostic role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still controversial. To evaluate the PGRN expression and estimate its survival prognostic role in AML patients. In this study, all patients were divided into three groups, which included 38 newly diagnosed adult AML patients, 33 complete remissions (CR-AML) patients, and 60 healthy control (HC) patients. The endpoints were relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). We investigated plasma PGRN levels by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma PGRN levels in AML patients were higher than that in CR-AML and HC groups. After two chemo cycles, 16 patients had complete remission (CR). The level of plasma PGRN in non-CR patients compared to CR patients was obviously different (median 44.19 vs 21.10 ng/mL) (P = .025). In non-M3 (French–American–British classification) patients, 70% (21/30) patients relapsed in 1 year and 80% (24/80) patients died in the observed time. Using the value (median 19.95) as a “cut-off” value, we have divided non-M3 patients into low- and high-PGRN expression groups. High-PGRN expression patients had a poorer RFS with a median of 5.4 months (95% CI 3.7–7.1) and low-PGRN expression patients had a good RFS with a median of 8.9 months (95% CI 6.3–11.5; P = .027). In the survival analyses, high-PGRN expression of AML patients had shorter OS than low-PGRN expression of AML patients (6.2 vs 20.5 months, P = .008). PGRN is overexpressed in AML, which is a convenient and independent prognostic marker that is measured easily in AML patients.
Test Accuracy of Human Papillomavirus in Urine for Detection of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

The objective was to assess the diagnostic test accuracy of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing of self-collected urine and cervicovaginal samples for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+). We recruited a convenience sample of women 25 to 65 years of age who were undergoing clinically indicated colposcopy at two medical centers in North Carolina between November 2016 and January 2019. ABSTRACT The objective was to assess the diagnostic test accuracy of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing of self-collected urine and cervicovaginal samples for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+). We recruited a convenience sample of women 25 to 65 years of age who were undergoing clinically indicated colposcopy at two medical centers in North Carolina between November 2016 and January 2019. Women with normal cytology results and positive hrHPV results were also recruited. Urine samples, self-collected cervicovaginal samples, provider-collected cervical samples, and cervical biopsy samples were obtained from all enrolled women. Samples were tested for hrHPV DNA using the Onclarity assay (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD). Biopsy samples were histologically graded as CIN2+ or <CIN2. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity for detection of CIN2+ and assessed agreement between sample collection methods. We included 307 women (median age, 36 years) with valid histology results and triple-matched urine, self-collected cervicovaginal, and provider-collected cervical hrHPV results; 83 women (27%) had CIN2+. Urine-based hrHPV testing correctly identified 80% of CIN2+ cases (95% confidence interval [CI], 71 to 88%) using the PCR cycle threshold (CT) established for provider-collected cervical samples, but sensitivity remained below the estimates for self-collected cervicovaginal and provider-collected cervical samples (both 94% [95% CI, 89 to 99%]). Using a higher CT cutoff value of ≤40, 90% sensitivity was achieved for urine-based hrHPV testing. Agreement between results for urine samples and self-collected cervicovaginal samples (kappa = 0.58) or provider-collected cervical samples (kappa = 0.54) was moderate. Urine-based hrHPV testing may be a promising approach to improve cervical cancer screening coverage, especially among women with limited access to health care.
Reconstruction of Small and Medium-Sized Nasal Defects Using an Omega Advancement Flap.

INTRODUCTION The nose is the most common area where malignant skin tumors occur. Repair with a flap after tumor excision provides esthetically and functionally acceptable results. In this study, we aimed to present the use of an omega (Ω) advancement flap, which can be applied in all anatomic regions of the nose, in 2 cm or smaller defects. METHODS Between 2015 and 2017, 18 patients underwent repair with omega (Ω) advancement flap in the nose after tumor removal. The pathology of 17 patients was basal cell carcinoma, and keratoacanthoma in 1 patient. The average defect diameter was 1.6 × 1.56 cm. The defects were in the nasal tip, nasal wing, lateral nasal wall, and supratip region. After tumors were excised from the safe margin, and were repaired using an omega advancement flap in the same session. RESULTS No flap necrosis, dehiscence, or infection was observed in the early postoperative period. Three patients developed hematoma under the flap, which was drained. No tumor recurrence was observed during the postoperative follow-up period. The results were satisfactory in all patients. CONCLUSION The omega advancement flap is a safe procedure that can be easily applied in the same session for the repair of small-to-medium-sized nasal defects.
LncRNA CRNDE is activated by SP1 and promotes osteosarcoma proliferation, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified as a vital part in the development and progression of cancer in recent years. Colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE), a lncRNA, functions as an oncogene in some malignant neoplasias, but its role in the progression of osteosarcoma (OS) is still poorly understood. To dissect the difference in the expression of CRNDE, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to evaluate it in OS tissues and cell lines (U2OS, MG63, and MNNG/HOS) compared with that in the adjacent normal tissues/osteoblast cells (hFOB1.19). The role of CRNDE in OS lines was assessed using Cell Counting Kit‐8, colony formation, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick‐end labeling staining, flow cytometry, Transwell assays, and Western blot, respectively. The results demonstrated that the expression of CRNDE was high in OS tissues and cell lines, and partly induced by SP1. CRNDE knockdown attenuated OS cell proliferation and invasion and induced apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest. Moreover, the expression of mesenchymal markers N‐cadherin, Vimentin and Snail were downregulated, while the expression of epithelial markers E‐cadherin and ZO‐1 were conversely upregulated due to CRNDE knockdown. The mechanistic investigations showed that CRNDE promoted glycogen synthase kinase‐3β phosphorylation to activate the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. The results suggested that lncRNA CRNDE indeed contributed to OS proliferation, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, working as an oncogene, demonstrating that lncRNA CRNDE may be a valid therapeutic target for the OS.