Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Technological Smoke Break: An Assessment of Technology Addiction in the Workplace

The purpose of the current study was to extend prior research by examining the impact of policies that allowed or not-allowed employees access to their smartphones while at work on employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment. This study also examined the relationship between technology addiction, impulsivity, and entitlement. Participants (N = 266; 123 male and 143 female) were full-time working adults. Findings indicated significant differences in job satisfaction and organizational commitment between employees who worked for organizations that allowed versus not-allowed employees access to their smartphones during the workday. Strong relationships between technology addiction, impulsivity, and entitlement where also found.
The Correlation of Coral Reef Cover and Rugosity with Coral Reef Fish Density in East Java Waters

Highlights Coral cover, rugosity, and reef fish abundance was determined The relationship between coral cover and rugosity and fish abundance was analyzed. Coral cover in East Java were categorized as medium – good. The rugosity index and the fish abundance were highest in Bangsring Waters. There are no relationships between coral cover and fish abundance, but there is relationship between rugosity and fish abundance. Abstract A coral reef is one of the most complex and specific ecosystems in a tropical area. It is identified by its high productivity and biodiversity. This research aims to discover the percentage of coral reef cover and rugosity, as well as the fish abundance in several locations in East Java, Indonesia. In addition, this research aims to investigate the correlation of coral reef cover and rugosity with the density of coral reef fish. This research was conducted in three locations, i.e., Bangsring Waters of Wongsorejo District, Banyuwangi Regency; Gili Noko Bawean Island, Gresik Regency; and Kramat Island, Gili Genting District, Sumenep Regency. This research employed the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method to calculate the percentage of coral reef cover, the Chain Intercept Transect (CIT) method to determine the coral reef rugosity, and the Belt Transect method to estimate the fish abundance. From this research, it was revealed that the highest coral reef cover was in Bawean waters, while the highest rugosity was in Bangring waters. In addition, the highest coral reef fish density was in Bangsring waters. Meanwhile, the coral reef fish density did not correlate with the percentage of coral reef cover. In contrast, it correlated with the coral reef rugosity.
Designing Deep Reinforcement Learning Systems for Musculoskeletal Modeling and Locomotion Analysis Using Wearable Sensor Feedback

In this paper, a system for lower-limb amputees to collect and analyze their locomotion activities is developed. Wearable Gait Lab (WGL) system is a pair of smart insoles that can collect plantar pressure data and foot motion data of subjects. A reinforcement learning model is trained to imitate the walking pattern of the lower-limb amputee on a musculoskeletal model by introducing realistic velocity data into the training process. The plantar pressure data collected from our Wearable Gait Lab were used to recognize the locomotion modes of the amputees. Experiments showed that the outcome of the musculoskeletal model can be a reference for analyzing muscle activities of the amputee. The system also shows the promising and stable performance of recognizing locomotion modes in amputees’ daily life. The accuracy of locomotion mode recognition reaches 98.02%. Monitoring muscle activities and locomotion modes of lower-limb amputees can help them prevent secondary impairments in rehabilitation.
Towards development of a national human settlement layer using high resolution imagery: a contribution to SDG reporting

This study investigated the automation of the building extraction using SPOT 6 satellite imagery. The proposed methodology uses variance textural information derived from 1.5m panchromatic image to detect built-up areas from non-built-up areas. Once detected, detailed segmentation is performed on built-up class to create individual building objects. Canny edges, SAVI and spectral properties of the objects were used to classify building structures from other land use features using a thresholding technique. The methodology was tested in different areas including formal, rural village and informal and new development settlement types without modifying segmentation and classification parameters. The proposed methodology successfully detected built-up from non built-up areas in all different settlement types. The detection of individual structures achieved more than 70% in formal, rural village and new development areas while less than 50% of building structures in informal settlement were detected. The proposed method can contribute towards monitoring of human settlement developments over a larger area which is vital during spatial planning, service delivery and environmental management. This work will contribute towards the development of a National Human Settlement Layer developed and maintained by SANSA.
Groundwater Flow Monitoring by Fusion Probability Tomography of Self-Potential Data

Groundwater flow could produce an observable self-potential (SP) signal; it is, therefore, useful to use SP signal to investigate the condition of water flow, which is meaningful to the processes to which the water flow is critical, such as landslide warning, contaminant transport, and volcanic eruption. Most of the SP data inversion methods are based on prior in situ electrical resistivity information, which is difficult to be accurately obtained in the continuous monitoring of the vadose zone. We suggest a fusion scheme of integrating the electric charge occurrence probability (ECOP) tomography and the continuous complex wavelet transform (CCWT) method to process and interpret SP data when it lacks prior electrical structure information on the background media. A model of fracture flow with precipitation recharge is used to testify our proposed method. The results indicate that the combination scheme can locate the source of SP anomalies with improved accuracy. The proposed fusion probability tomography can locate the fracture flow with an explicit region of probability anomaly and suppress the irrelevant noises.
Experience as Evidence: The Prospects for Biographical Narratives in Drug Policy

Programs and policies are increasingly framed by the logics of “evidence-based policy,” a term subject to critical scrutiny and change after it emerged as an explicit valuing of specific types of quantitative data as objective, and a devaluing of most types of qualitative data. The transfer of “evidence-based” approaches to drug policy was mobilized by a distrust of people who use drugs, and of people who work with them. This distrust remains important, but contemporary policy also mobilizes individual narratives and lived experience through the growing use of biographical stories. Contemporary drug policy, like other policy areas, is also increasingly constituted by changing forms of technology, through new types of data use and data linkage, and of digital and social media. In this article, we consider the current and likely future impacts of changes to policy. We examine two Australian policies: the Australian Priority Investment Approach to Welfare (Try, Test and Learn), and the child protection reform, Their Futures Matter. Both use the “investment approach” to calculate policy costs and aims, represent important developments in the policy figuring of populations, and affect the well-being of many people who use drugs. Based on analysis of these policies, and interviews with people who use drugs who participated in a qualitative study on blood-borne virus serodiscordance, we ask, what are the likely effects, risks, and benefits of these changes for people who use drugs and others subject to public scrutiny and distrust? We argue that as long as the stigmatization of drug use remains prevalent, it is unlikely that the potential for more sophisticated and just recognition of the complexity of drug use will find a place in the forms of information and knowledge recognized in policy as evidence.
Adhesion improvement of photoresist: destruction mode analysis

In lithography, peeling and collapse of photoresist patterns cause difficulties of micro fabrication. In order to prevent the destructions, enhancement of adhesion between the photoresist and substrate is effective. Therefore, significance of accurate adhesion analysis increases with miniaturization of device process. The destructions of photoresist/substrate interface can be mainly categorized into interfacial and cohesive failures. In this study, we propose the direct analysis of adhesion in nanoscale area. Using AFM, we estimate adhesion energy of AFM-tip/Si interface in local area and identify the destruction mode of photoresist/Si interface. First, we evaluates the adhesion between photoresist films and surface modified Si substrates. From the surface free energy analysis, the threshold adhesion work, 𝑊𝐴𝑡ℎ (J/m2) of photoresist/Si interface is estimated to be 71.7 mJ/m2 in order to identify the destruction mode in macro area. Secondary, the interaction between the AFM tip and the surface modified Si substrates are evaluated in the local area less than 10 nm in diameter. The interaction energy, 𝐸𝐼 (J) of AFM-tip/Si interface shows a positive correlation with the adhesion work of photoresist/Si interface. We estimate effective area for adhesion of AFM-tip/Si and adhesion energy, 𝐸𝐴 (J/m2) of AFM-tip/Si in nanoscale area. The results predict that only interfacial destruction occurs at photoresist/Si interface when the adhesion energy of AFM-tip/Si is less than 44.7 mJ/m2. We can expect that the quantitative analysis of nanoscale adhesion contribute to improve the accuracy of nanolithography process.
Antioxidant, antimutagenicity and and Anticancer Activities of Extracts from Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense KITAMURA

Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense were extracted with methanol and then fractionated with nhexane, EtOAc and BuOH to get active fractions. And their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in each fraction were determined. Ethyl acetate and butanol fraction of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense showed strong antioxidant activities, but hexane fraction did not show any activities. But in the antimicrobial test, Ethyl acetate fraction showed strong antimicrobial activities except to Aspergillus awamori, Asperigillus niger. Especially, Ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest activities against Bacillus subtilis. And aqueous fraction showed the strongest activities against Cladosporium herbarum, Hypocrea nigricans. This study was performed to determine the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effect of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense methanol extract on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 and cancer cell lines using Ames test and cytotoxicity assay, respectively. Cancer cell lines include human lung carcinoma(A549), human breast adenocarcinoma(MCF-7) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B). Futher fractionations with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water from methanol extract of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense were performed to obtain effective fraction, methanol extract showed 60.14% inhibition effect on the mutagenesis induced by MNNG against TA100, while 77% and 72.5% inhibition was observed on the mutagenesis induced by 4NQO against TA98 and TA100, respectively. and methanol extract showed 82.25% and 73.7% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by Trp-P-1 against TA98 and TA100, respectively. methanol extract showed the strongest effect against A549, MCF-7 and Hep3B at the same concentration compared to those of other fration.
Product Market Competition, Disclosure Framing, and Casting in Earnings Conference Calls

An extensive stream of literature investigates how product market competition, by increasing the proprietary costs of disclosure, influences corporate disclosure policy. However, prior research generally examines disclosure as a binary choice: disclose or withhold. We hypothesize that the extent of proprietary costs incurred is not only determined by whether a disclosure is made, but also by how the disclosure is framed. We predict and find that intensity of competition in the product market is associated with more negative and uncertain earnings calls, both in the management prepared narrative and managers’ responses to analysts’ questions. Our results are robust to common selection bias methods and hold when only examining sentences referencing the future. Additionally, we find consistent results using an alternative measure of linguistic framing (disclosure length) and in an alternative channel of disclosure with an alternative measure of linguistic framing (i.e., disclosure complexity in 10-Ks). Our results demonstrate that managers mitigate proprietary costs by managing disclosure structure and framing.
Association Between Park Characteristics and Park-Based Physical Activity Using Systematic Observation: Insights from Bangkok, Thailand

Parks hold an essential role in promoting physical activity in urban areas. Studies have found that park characteristics such as park size, facilities, accessibility, and aesthetics are reported to have a positive association with increasing physical activity of the urban populations. However, the evidence in the context of Southeast Asian cities is still lacking, as most studies are from North America and Europe. The study explores the associations between park characteristics and park-based physical activity in Bangkok, Thailand. Ten major public parks were examined using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC). Descriptive analysis was used to understand the characteristics of park users and park-based physical activity. A bivariate logistic regression model was employed to determine the variables of park characteristics and of having moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). We found that parks with bigger sizes and better access to public transport were associated with a higher likelihood of users having MVPA in the park. We also found that adding more facilities in the park, even if they are specifically aimed for physical activity, would not increase the likelihood of having MVPA. The findings from the study suggested that investing in better accessibility and physical quality of existing parks as well as improving equal opportunities for park use will be a more sensible option for promoting park-based physical activity in Bangkok, Thailand.
AV(SE)2: Audio-Visual Squeeze-Excite Speech Enhancement

The goal of audio-visual speech enhancement (AVSE) is to supplement audio-only information with visual information, such as target speaker’s lip movements, to improve the intelligibility and overall perceptual quality of noisy speech signals. We propose a new mechanism for audio-visual (AV) fusion that leverages a cross-modal squeeze-excitation (SE) block for speech enhancement: AV(SE)2. The fusion block is adaptable to any feature layer of the audio and visual networks and significantly reduces model parameters as compared to standard AV fusion methods of channel-wise concatenation without loss of performance. We show that AV(SE)2 with time-based gating across multiple feature layers outperforms baseline methods of single-point, channel-wise concatenated AV fusion on objective evaluations.
MEDIATING ROLE OF DISSOCIATION SYMPTOMS BETWEEN ADOLESCENT COMPULSIVE INTERNET USE ACROSS TIME

The aim of this study was to examine adolescent compulsive internet use (CIU) across a one-year period, to examine associations with symptoms of depression, anxiety and dissociation, as well as to analyze the potential mediating effect of dissociation symptoms. Previous studies have indicated that dissociation might serve as a coping strategy and/or as a consequence of problematic internet use. Participating in the study were 80 adolescents (39 girls and 41 boys), ages from 12 to 18 (mean age 14.90 years) at the time of the first measurement. At Time 1 and one year later at Time 2 measurement points the participants completed the Trauma Symptom Checklist (Briere, 1995) and items from the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (Meerkert, VanDen Eijnden, Vermulst, & Garretsen, 2009). Correlation analyses showed associations between CIU and the adolescents’ ratings of anxiety, depression and dissociation at Time 1 and Time 2. Mediation analysis indicated partial mediation of dissociation symptoms between CIU at Time 1 and Time 2. A comparison of these relationships across time provides opportunity to discuss possible directions of causality and implications of bidirectionality between dissociative tendencies and adolescent prolonged, compulsive internet use.
Delineation of Finnish Fish Markets: Interactions Between Wild and Farmed Fish Species

Finnish fish markets have traditionally been supplied by domestic wild fish species: Baltic herring, salmon and several freshwater species. Nowadays, farmed salmon and rainbow trout dominate the market and wild-caught species are moving to niche product segment. In this paper we examine the market integration of Finnish fish markets. We apply multivariate vector autoregressive (VAR) model to study interactions between farmed rainbow trout and wild caught European whitefish, pikeperch, perch and salmon. We found two cointegrated relations in the system. Firstly, European whitefish, pikeperch, and perch are close substitutes to each other. Secondly, we observed co-integration between wild-caught species and farmed rainbow trout. We also modelled the system in moving average form and identified three common stochastic trends, which drive the system. Two of these originate from wild fish species and one comes from farmed rainbow trout. This implies that in the Finnish market wild fish species compete with each other and the prices of these species are affected by farmed fish.
Forb community responses to an extensive drought in two contrasting land-use types of a semi-arid Lowveld savanna

Projected increases in the frequency and severity of drought events are expected to impose changes in the ecology of native forb communities in semi-arid ecosystems. We examined the state of forb communities during, and directly after an extreme drought event across two contrasting land-use types, which included a protected area (high diversity of free roaming wild herbivores) and communal rangeland (long history of intensive cattle grazing) in a semi-arid Lowveld savanna of the Gazankulu area, South Africa. Forb floristic data were collected towards the end of the drought and repeated after the drought release a few months later. Forb community composition was significantly different among land-use types. Community changes were not induced by annual forb emergence alone, but through species-specific dominance shifts, which differed among land-use types. Forb richness, diversity and biomass were equally low at both land-use types and increased significantly after the drought release, although the magnitude of response was much stronger in the protected area, whereas drought contributed to a directional change in the protected area with a complete post-drought turnover in both annual and perennial forb species, much less variability was observed in the communal rangeland, which may suggest long-term effects imposed by land-use history.
Mapping Functional Urban Green Types Using High Resolution Remote Sensing Data

Urban green spaces are known to provide ample benefits to human society and hence play a vital role in safeguarding the quality of life in our cities. In order to optimize the design and management of green spaces with regard to the provisioning of these ecosystem services, there is a clear need for uniform and spatially explicit datasets on the existing urban green infrastructure. Current mapping approaches, however, largely focus on large land use units (e.g., park, garden), or broad land cover classes (e.g., tree, grass), not providing sufficient thematic detail to model urban ecosystem service supply. We therefore proposed a functional urban green typology and explored the potential of both passive (2 m-hyperspectral and 0.5 m-multispectral optical imagery) and active (airborne LiDAR) remote sensing technology for mapping the proposed types using object-based image analysis and machine learning. Airborne LiDAR data was found to be the most valuable dataset overall, while fusion with hyperspectral data was essential for mapping the most detailed classes. High spectral similarities, along with adjacency and shadow effects still caused severe confusion, resulting in class-wise accuracies <50% for some detailed functional types. Further research should focus on the use of multi-temporal image analysis to fully unlock the potential of remote sensing data for detailed urban green mapping.
Dry Matter Intake, Digestibility and Diet Selection by Sheep Grazing on Reseeded and Naturally Regenerating Range Sites at Sheikan Locality, North Kordofan State, Sudan

Part of the Plant Sciences Commons, and the Soil Science Commons This document is available at https://uknowledge.uky. edu/igc/22/2-4/6 The 22nd International Grassland Congress (Revitalising Grasslands to Sustain Our Communities) took place in Sydney, Australia from September 15 through September 19, 2013. Proceedings Editors: David L. Michalk, Geoffrey D. Millar, Warwick B. Badgery, and Kim M. Broadfoot Publisher: New South Wales Department of Primary Industry, Kite St., Orange New South Wales, Australia
Management of Pain During Propofol Injection Using Intravenous Nitroglycerine

1. Associate Professor and Head, Department of Anesthesiology National Institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2. Junior Consultant, Department of Anesthesiology National Institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3. Medical officer, Department of Anesthesiology. National Institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 4. Medical officer, Department of Anesthesiology. National Institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 5. Professor of ENT (Unit-3), National Institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 6. Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, National Institute of ENT, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 7. Associate Professor & Head, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. TMSS Medical College & Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh.
Identification, regulation, and function of virulence factors

Alternatives to mammalian model systems. Virulence and essential gene identification. Global gene expression. Microarrays and proteomics. Bacterial perturbations of the eukaryotic cell cycle and apoptosis. Bacterial modification or exploitation of eukaryotic signal transduction. Type III secretion systems. Quarom sensing and gene regulation.
Trends in Student Social-Emotional Learning: Evidence From the First Large-Scale Panel Student Survey

A growing number of school systems use self-report surveys to track students’ social-emotional development as a tool to inform policy and practice. We use the first large-scale panel survey of social-emotional learning (SEL) to simulate how four constructs—growth mindset, self-efficacy, self-management, and social awareness—develop from Grade 4 to Grade 12 and how these trends vary by gender, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity among students participating in the survey for two consecutive years. With the exception of growth mindset, self-reports of these constructs do not increase monotonically as students move through school; self-efficacy, social awareness, and to a lesser degree self-management decrease after Grade 6. Female students report higher self-management and social awareness than males, but lower self-efficacy relative to males in middle and high school. Economically disadvantaged students and students of color report lower levels of each construct. These patterns highlight the need for policymakers to interpret changes in students’ self-reports over time in light of normative trends in social-emotional development and illustrate how such self-reports may nonetheless be used to set priorities and target interventions and resources.