Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Childhood Body‐Mass Index and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Adulthood

Background Childhood weight trajectories may influence cardiometabolic traits and thereby the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) later in life. We examined whether overweight and changes in weight status during childhood were associated with risk of VTE in adulthood. Methods and Results We used Danish medical registries to conduct a population‐based cohort study of Danish schoolchildren aged 7 to 13 years and born during 1930‐1989. We calculated body‐mass index (BMI) z‐scores based on weight and height measurements. We estimated hazard ratios using Cox regressions to examine associations between changes in BMI z‐scores from 7 to 13 years of age and the subsequent risk of VTE. Among 313 998 children, 5007 girls and 5397 boys were diagnosed with VTE as adults. Compared with children with a normal BMI (25th to 75th percentile category) at both ages, children with a BMI persistently above the 75th percentile had a 1.30‐ to 1.50‐fold increased risk of VTE in adulthood. Children who experienced a BMI increase from the 25th to 75th or >75th to 90th percentile to a higher percentile category had a 1.35‐ to 1.70‐fold increased risk of adulthood VTE. Children whose BMI percentile category decreased between 7 and 13 years of age had a VTE risk similar to that of children with a persistently normal BMI. Conclusions Risk of VTE in adulthood was higher in children with a persistently above‐average BMI. Whereas weight gain from 7 to 13 years of age additionally increased VTE risk, remission from overweight by 13 years of age completely reverted the risk.
Dietary Intake and Energy Expenditure Assessed during a Pre-Season Period in Elite Gaelic Football Players

There is currently a lack of research into the energy demands and associated nutritional intakes of elite Gaelic football players during the pre-season period, which is a crucial time of year for physical development. The aim of the current study was to investigate the dietary intake and energy expenditure (EE) of elite Gaelic football players during a typical pre-season week. Over a seven-day period, which included four training days and three rest days, dietary intake (validated self-reported estimated food diary) and EE (Sensewear Pro armband) were recorded in 18 male players from a single elite inter-county Gaelic football team. Average energy intake (EI) (3283 ± 483 kcal) was significantly (p = 0.002) less than average EE (3743 ± 335 kcal), with a mean daily energy deficit of −460 ± 503 kcal. Training days elicited the greatest deficits between intake and expenditure. The mean carbohydrate (CHO) intake was 3.6 ± 0.7 g/kg/day, protein intake was 2.1 ± 0.5 g/kg/day, and fat intake was 1.6 ± 0.2 g/kg/day. These findings indicate that the dietary practices of the sampled players were inadequate to meet EE and CHO recommendations. Training days are of particular concern, with the players not altering energy and CHO intake to encounter increased energy demands. Education on nutritional strategies for elite Gaelic footballers should be considered in relation to training demands to avoid detriments to performance and health.
Nutritional stress targets LeishIF4E-3 to storage granules that contain RNA and ribosome components in Leishmania

Leishmania parasites lack pathways for de novo purine biosynthesis. The depletion of purines induces differentiation into virulent metacyclic forms. In vitro, the parasites can survive prolonged periods of purine withdrawal changing their morphology to long and slender cells with an extended flagellum, and decreasing their translation rates. Reduced translation leads to the appearance of discrete granules that contain LeishIF4E-3, one of the six eIF4E paralogs encoded by the Leishmania genome. We hypothesize that each is responsible for a different function during the life cycle. LeishIF4E-3 is a weak cap-binding protein paralog, but its involvement in translation under normal conditions cannot be excluded. However, in response to nutritional stress, LeishIF4E-3 concentrates in specific cytoplasmic granules. LeishIF4E-3 granulation can be induced by the independent elimination of purines, amino acids and glucose. As these granules contain mature mRNAs, we propose that these bodies store inactive transcripts until recovery from stress occurs. In attempt to examine the content of the nutritional stress-induced granules, they were concentrated over sucrose gradients and further pulled-down by targeting in vivo tagged LeishIF4E-3. Proteomic analysis highlighted granule enrichment with multiple ribosomal proteins, suggesting that ribosome particles are abundant in these foci, as expected in case of translation inhibition. RNA-binding proteins, RNA helicases and metabolic enzymes were also enriched in the granules, whereas no degradation enzymes or P-body markers were detected. The starvation-induced LeishIF4E-3-containing granules, therefore, appear to store stalled ribosomes and ribosomal subunits, along with their associated mRNAs. Following nutritional stress, LeishIF4E-3 becomes phosphorylated at position S75, located in its less-conserved N-terminal extension. The ability of the S75A mutant to form granules was reduced, indicating that cellular signaling regulates LeishIF4E-3 function.
Motor Learning.

Motor learning encompasses a wide range of phenomena, ranging from relatively low-level mechanisms for maintaining calibration of our movements, to making high-level cognitive decisions about how to act in a novel situation. We survey the major existing approaches to characterizing motor learning at both the behavioral and neural level. In particular, we critically review two long-standing paradigms used in motor learning research-adaptation and sequence learning. We discuss the extent to which these paradigms can be considered models of motor skill acquisition, defined as the incremental improvement in our ability to rapidly select and then precisely execute appropriate actions, and conclude that they fall short of doing so. We then discuss two classes of emerging research paradigms-learning of arbitrary visuomotor mappings de novo and learning to execute movements with improved acuity-that more effectively address the acquisition of motor skill. Future work will be needed to determine the degree to which laboratory-based studies of skill, as described in this review, will relate to true expertise, which is likely dependent on the effects of practice on multiple cognitive processes that go beyond traditional sensorimotor neural architecture. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:613-663, 2019.
Diversity in Accessions of Panicum miliaceum L. Based on Agro-Morphological, Antioxidative, and Genetic Traits

The genetic diversity and antioxidant potential of Panicum miliaceum L. accessions collected from different geo-ecological regions of South Korea were evaluated and compared. Antioxidant potential of seeds was estimated by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays and total phenolic content was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Total phenolic content (TPC) in 80% methanolic extracts ranged from 16.24 ± 0.86 to 58.04 ± 1.00 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of the sample extracts and total flavonoid content (TFC) varied from 7.19 ± 1.05 to 52.56 ± 1.50 mg quercetin equivalents (QE) mg/g of the sample extracts. DPPH radical scavenging capacity of the extracts from the 15 accessions of P. miliaceum varied from 206.44 ± 7.72 to 2490.24 ± 4.641 mg GAE/g of the sample extracts and ABTS radical scavenging capacity ranged from 624.85 ± 13.1 to 1087. 77 ± 9.58 mg GAE/g of the sample extracts. A wide range of genetic variation was observed as measured by Shannon’s information index (I), number of effective alleles (Ne), number of observed alleles (Na), expected heterozygosity (He), unbiased expected heterozygosity (uHe). The observed variation in the bioactive properties, morphological traits, and genetic diversity among the accessions may provide useful information for breeding programs seeking to improve bioactive properties of P. miliaceum.
Identification and biochemical characterization of a novel receptor:ligand interaction between FcRn and albumin

The inverse relationship between serum albumin concentration and its half-life suggested to early workers that albumin would be protected from a catabolic fate by a receptor mediated mechanism much like that proposed for IgG. This work shows that albumin binds FcRn in a pH dependent fashion, that the lifespan of albumin is shortened in FcRndeficient mice, and that the plasma albumin concentration of FcRn-deficient mice is less than half that of wild type mice. This study further characterizes the molecular interaction of albumin with FcRn by determining affinity, kinetic rate constants, stoichiometry of interaction and the effect of IgG on the interaction. This study employs western blot analysis, ELISA, animal studies, surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry as experimental tools for these analyses. These results affirm the hypothesis that the MHC-related Fc receptor protects albumin from degradation just as it does IgG, prolonging the half-lives of both.
ABCDE - systematisk tilgang til patienter med kritisk sygdom

This systematic approach to the immediate assessment and treatment of the critically ill or injured patient is applicable in all clinical emergencies. The aim of the ABCDE approach is to facilitate immediate life-saving treatment and thus buy time for definite diagnosis and treatment by breaking down complex clinical situations into manageable parts. Application of the ABCDE approach may improve treatment quality.
pause concordance for in a co

This article describes an analysis of spouse concordance for major depression and for other depressive experiences. Respondents to a community survey of married men and women (IV= 586 couples) completed a modified version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule from which diagnoses of major depression and dysthymia were derived. Subclinical depressive episodes were also identified. A crosstabulation of husbands’ and wives’ diagnoses revealed weak concordance for lifetime prevalence of major depression. In contrast, concordance for the experience of depressive episodes, regardless of associated symptomatology, is statistically significant. Contrary to earlier suggestions, concordance does not increase over the length of the marriage, nor is it stronger among divorced couples.
Genetic background influences the effect of neurokinin-1 receptor "knockout" in the mouse

Strains of mice used in laboratory research differ markedly at a molecular, anatomical and behavioural level. Genetic manipulation in mice has become a widely used tool for the selective study of single genes and has also produced a great diversity of phenotypes. However, the interaction between manipulated genes and background strain has been less well examined. Here, the effect of neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor disruption is shown to depend heavily on the genetic background of the mouse that it is studied in. NK1_/_ mice have previously been shown to display an anxiolytic and antidepressant-like phenotype, as well as having reduced sensitivity to the rewarding properties of the opiates. Here, after being transferred onto a C57BL/6 (B6) background, the anxiolytic effect of the mutation is lost, as is the differential response to morphine's locomotor stimulating properties. When the mutation is transferred onto a mixed C57BL/6 x 129/sv (B6:129) background the NK1 /_ mouse becomes more sensitive to morphine than wildtype counterparts, although no difference in anxiolysis is evident between the genotypes. Examination of the HPA axis in these animals revealed that B6:129 animals had higher levels of stress-induced corticosterone release than B6. Furthermore, NK1 /_ animals on the B6:129 background expressed higher levels of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor and exhibited more neurogenesis in the hippocampus than wildtype. No differences in these parameters were observed for the genotypes in the B6 strain. Comparison of CRF and cFos mRNAs did not reveal any differences between genotypes in either strain. These results show that there are important epistatic interactions between genetic background and the NK1 receptor. These findings may be relevant for the treatment of anxiety disorders and opiate addiction in the genetically heterogeneous patient population.
Quantitative Examination Of Neurologic Functions

Estes dois volumes englobam extensa revisão da literatura e da experiência dos autores em testes quantitativos relativos às funções neurológicas. Tais testes visam a complementar o exame neurológico fornecendo dados minuciosos, mensuráveis e por isto comparáveis com maior precisão, permitindo seguimento de um dado desempenho no tempo, vendo as modificações secundárias a determinada terapêutica ou mesmo tecendo comparações entre indivíduos ou grupos de indivíduos. Embora os testes sejam geralmente muito trabalhosos e demorados, impedindo seu uso na prática clínica, eles têm sua grande aplicação em pesquisa. Os que se interessam por investigação clínica em neurologia não podem deixar de ler este tomo com atenção. A princípio, são fornecidas as bases conceituais da utilização de testes quantitativos e visão geral dos tipos mais comuns abrangendo desde a mensuração do exame neurológico clássico, os exames codificados de funções neurológicas, a quantificação baseada na filmagem, a análise das atividades de vida diária até os testes automatizados nos quais se empregam computadores para avaliação de determinada função. Em listas longas e pormenorizadas os testes usados na literatura para medir desempenho neurológico normal e anormal são revistos. Mostra como são projetados e descreve as baterias a serem aplicadas em um laboratório de funções neurológicas. Os detalhes técnicos são tais que permitem àquele que esteja interessado em iniciar o seu uso prático, escolher os testes mais adequados e se aprofundar com a vasta bibliografia fornecida.
Making Quality Control Decisions in Radiology Department: A Decision Support System for Radiographers’ Performance Appraisal Using PACS

In the radiology department, radiographers’ performance appraisal cannot be performed continuously due to time pressure and the lack of objective performance indicators. The authors conducted an empirical study where they assessed radiographers’ performance based on objective performance indicators derived from data stored in the PACS and RIS. The study indicated that one is able to use the PACS-RIS environment as a Decision Support System (DSS) that delivers promptly objective indicators for performance appraisal purposes. Besides, the model of a DSS allows radiographers’ continuous performance appraisal.
Out-of-field organ doses from therapeutic irradiation during childhood: is there an excess risk for second cancer induction?

Poster: "ECR 2012 / C-0096 / Out-of-field organ doses from therapeutic irradiation during childhood: is there an excess risk for second cancer induction? " by: "M. Mazonakis, K. Kourinou, F. Lyraraki, J. Damilakis; Iraklion/GR"
ORAL SUFFERING AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN A DENTAL HOSPITAL IN KOLKATA, INDIA

Staphylococcus aureus is a well recognized pathogen associated with a variety of clinical syndrome. The role of Staph aureus in some types of oral disease may be more important than previously recognized. The present study has been designed to investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA and their rate of resistance to different anti staphylococcal antibiotics. For this study, Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science & Research (Kolkata), selected patients who were suffering from Staphylococcus aureus oral infection. Isolated Staphylococcus aureus was tested for Oxacillin (1 mcg) sensitivity and their antibiotic susceptibility was investigated by using eighteen antibiotics followed by Disk diffusion technique following CLSI method. Out of the 223 specimens collected, 109 (48.9%) were isolated. All the 109 (48.9%) specimens were studied in detail. 5.5% of the isolates were shown to be methicillin resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA). Percentage (%) of resistance in commonly used oral antibiotics are ampicillin 98.1%, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid 73.3%, amoxycillin 45.0%, ofloxacin 48.6% and ciprofloxacin 41.2%. The MRSA isolates showed multiple drug resistance (MDR), except linezolid and imipenem. In line with more recent surveys, this retrospective study suggests that Staph. aureus may be more frequent isolate from the oral cavity than hitherto suspected. The role of Staph.aureus in several diseases of the oral mucosa merits further investigation.
Hanseníase: enfocando a educação em saúde para o projovem

Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento dos adolescentes ligados ao Programa Nacional de Inclusao de Jovens, sobre a hanseniase, envolvendo temas como etiologia, transmissao, sinais e sintomas e a busca pelo tratamento. Metodo: Estudo exploratorio e descritivo. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionario contendo questoes fechadas sobre a hanseniase antes e apos a acao educativa com 109 jovens de ambos os sexos de 13 a 17 anos de idade. Resultados: Mostram o desconhecimento quanto a etiologia, transmissao, sinais e sintomas, sendo adquirido apos a palestra. Conclusao: A educacao em saude possibilita ao profissional de enfermagem a promover de forma interativa e dinâmica o conhecimento do jovem.
Usefulness of transperineal ultrasonography (TPUS) in identifying imperforate anus fistulas in neonates.

Poster: "ECR 2015 / C-0665 / Usefulness of transperineal ultrasonography (TPUS) in identifying imperforate anus fistulas in neonates. " by: "P. Bombinski, M. Brzewski, D. Piotrowski; Warsaw/PL"
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its association with Insulin Resistance: A Study from Bangladeshi Newly Diagnosed Impaired Glucose Tolerance Subjects

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathological condition strongly associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is more prevalent in T2DM subjects but in the prediabetic state, particularly in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) very, limited data are elucidated. The present study is aimed to examine the association of insulin resistance with NAFLD in subjects with newly diagnosed IGT. Methods: We studied 74 purposively recruited IGT [M/F, 34/40; age (ranges) in years, (25-64)] subjects whose NAFLD was confirmed by ultrasound assessment of the liver. IGT was diagnosed by 75 g OGTT as per WHO Group Study criteria. Serum glucose was measured by glucose-oxidase method. Serum insulin was measured by ELISA technique. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Results: Compared to the without NAFLD counterparts, NAFLD subjects showed significantly higher levels of fasting serum insulin (17.26 ± 8.49 vs. 13.38 ± 4.40, p=0.015), postprandial serum insulin (90.06 ± 42.23 vs. 69.87 ± 38.10, p=0.034) and HOMA-IR (2.20 ± 1.0 vs. 1.73 ± 0.55, p=0.012) as well as significantly lower levels of HOMA%S (52.13 ± 20 vs. 63.92 ± 25.44, p=0.029). On multiple linear regression analysis, the fatty liver group showed significant positive association with HOMA-IR (β=0.270, p=0.020) after adjusting the effects of major confounders of sex, percent body fat (%BF) and body mass index (BMI). On binary logistic regression analysis, HOMA-IR was found to be a significant determinant of NAFLD (OR=2.679, 95% CI: 1.079-6.652, p=0.034) after adjusting the effects of %BF, BMI, and triglyceride (TG). Conclusions: High proportions (about forty seven percent) of IGT subjects are more likely to develop NAFLD. Altered glucose metabolism and fatty liver are associated with each other where insulin resistance plays linking role between their associations.
Biomarker informed adaptive clinical trial designs

In adaptive design clinical trials, an endpoint at the final analysis that takes a long time to observe is not feasible to be used for making decisions at the interim analysis. For example, overall survival (OS) in oncology trials usually cannot be used to make interim decisions. However, biomarkers correlated to the final clinical endpoint can be used. Hence, considerable interest has been drawn towards the biomarker informed adaptive clinical trial designs. Shun et al. (2008) proposed a “biomarker informed two-stage winner design” with 2 active treatment arms and a control arm, and proposed a normal approximation method to preserve type I error. However, their method cannot be extended to designs with more than 2 active treatment arms. In this dissertation, we propose a novel statistical approach for biomarker informed two-stage winner design that can accommodate multiple active arms and control type I error. We further propose another biomarker informed adaptive design called “biomarker informed add-arm design for unimodal response”. This design utilizes existing knowledge about the shape of dose-response relationship to optimize the procedure of selecting best candidate treatment for a larger trial. The key element of the proposed design is that, some inferior treatments do not need to be explored and the
Discrepancy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings, Symptom Severity and Functional Status in Knee Osteoarthritis

Material and Methods: 40 patients were included in the study. Patients were selected by searching the archives of the 2015, and by excluding the patients who didn’t meet the criteria for our study. Patients without the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis, who didn’t have written consents for using their clinical data, who didn’t have knee magnetic resonance images, who didn’t fill WOMAC and SF-36 questionnaires, and who didn’t have visual analog scale result for pain, were excluded. For evaluating WORMS, images are scored for 14 independent articular features. Correlations among the variables were analyzed.
176 Parietal Lobe Epilepsy

Clinical Aspects Age at seizure onset is variable and depends on etiology, example 14 years in nontumoral PLE and 28 years in tumoral PLE (Salanova et al. 1995a, b). Precedent events are variable; head trauma (20%), birth trauma (16%), encephalitis, and febrile convulsion (Salanova et al. 1995a, b; Kim et al. 2004a, b), but there are no significant precedents in 20% of cases (Salanova et al. 1995a, b; Kim et al. 2004a, b). Ictal spread is rapid and there are multiple pathways. Thus, its semiology is complex and often misleading (Engel et al. 1993a, b; Salanova et al. 1995a, b; Kim et al. 2004a, b). Somatosensory seizures account for just half of the seizure symptoms reported in PLE (Engel et al. 1993a, b; Salanova
A case of ex vivo boosted immune cell therapy for chronic ulcerative dermatitis in a dog

A 13-year-old castrated male Shih Tzu was presented with recurrent otitis externa and ulcerative dermatitis. Previous investigations had failed to identify the cause, and the lesion was resistant to treatment. According to the histopathological examination, a tentative diagnosis of chronic ulcerative dermatitis with bacterial infection was made. To treat the patient, immune cell therapy with antibiotics was conducted every 2 weeks, for a total of six sessions. After treatment, the skin lesion resolved. No side effects were observed during therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of the use of immune cell therapy for canine ulcerative dermatitis.