Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are species’ responses to Quaternary climatic changes idiosyncratic? A demographic perspective from the Western Alps

authors as signal of a long history of differentiation and in situ glacial survival. Recurrent cycles of contraction and expansion associated with past climatic oscillations, vicariance events and the efficiency of seed dispersal mechanisms may have contributed to the current genetic variability in S. cordifolia and V. argenteria . Here, our findings show that the LGM had a variable impact on different geographic groups of S. cordifolia and V. argenteria , suggesting that local and microclimatic conditions are likely to have played an important role in shaping their past demographic histories.
Atomic Layer Deposition Coated Filters in Catalytic Filtration of Gasiﬁcation Gas

: Steel ﬁlter discs were catalytically activated by ALD, using a coating of supporting Al 2 O 3 layer and an active NiO layer for gas cleaning. Prepared discs were tested for model biomass gasiﬁcation and gas catalytic ﬁltration to reduce or eliminate the need for a separate reforming unit for gasiﬁcation gas tars and lighter hydrocarbons. Two different coating methods were tested. The method utilizing the stop-ﬂow setting was shown to be the most suitable for the preparation of active and durable catalytic ﬁlters, which signiﬁcantly decreases the amount of tar compounds in gasiﬁcation gas. A pressure of 5 bar and temperatures of over 850 ◦ C are required for efﬁcient tar reforming. In optimal conditions, applying catalytic coating to the ﬁlter resulted in a seven-fold naphthalene conversion increase from 7% to 49%.
Avoidance of Drift due to change in Irradiation in Photovoltaic System with Modified Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm

Efficiency of PV system is depending on maximum power point tracking (MPPT). It will help to extract maximum power from PV system. Perturb and Observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking algorithm is adopted everywhere, due to its simplicity and economic point of view. But in case of rapid change in insolation (G), it suffers from drift in tracking maximum power point (MPP). It is the main demerit of the P&O MPPT algorithm. This may happen due to confusion of whether power get increases due to perturbation or change in insolation(G). The drift effect is severe in case of a rapid increases in irradiations. This technique proposed in this study leads to avoid drift in tracking maximum power point (MPP). SEPIC converter are proposed with direct duty ratio control technique for free from drift in P&O MPPT algorithm. MATLAB/Simulation modeling and analysis of a voltage and power of PV system under rapid change in atmospheric condition with conventional P&O algorithm. Study to drift phenomenon. The comparison between conventional P&O and Modified P&O is shown in simulation and experimental results, which are showing changes in duty cycle, that the proposed algorithm track maximum power in change in insolation (G).
An Insurance Model with Bonus-Malus System 1

This paper considers a Markovian insurance model in which a policy-holder belongs to one of a ﬁnite number of classes (tariﬀ groups). The class of a policy-holder in a given year is determined on the basis of the class of the previous year and on the number of claims reported in that year. If no claims have been reported, then the policy-holder gets a bonus expressed in moving to a class with lower premium rates. Else, the policy-holder may stay in the same class or gets maluses (penalized) by being shifted to a class with higher premium rates. The movement between classes is modeled as a discrete time Markov chain which is dependent on the claim process which is also assumed to be Markovian. However, the transition matrix of the claim process is assumed unknown and random. In this paper, we propose recursive ﬁlters for a related transition matrix. We also provide a formula to predict claims m years into the future. Finally, parameters estimation of the transition matrix governing the movement between classes are proposed.
PERIODONTAL DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH CORTICOSTEROID IN ASTHMA PATIENTS-A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

To observe the changed in periodontal disease in asthma patients using corticosteroid drugs. Electronic searches on Wiley, Pubmed, and Cochrane were conducted to identify articles published in dental journals from January 2004 to December 2017 focusing on the effects of corticosteroid use in asthma patients. Manual searches of published full-text articles and related articles were performed afterwards. Of the 73 studies that explain this, only 3 studies were compatible with the inclusion criteria. The initial database search produced 195 articles. All articles were selected for full-text review. There were 3 studies selected for inclusion, with 97.837 patients as subjects. Most studies were using inhaled corticosteroids in addition to the use of systemic corticosteroid drugs, and antihistamines. One studies mention that there no evidence of association been asthma and periodontal disease from the adolescent population. Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of asthma diseases, but the use of corticosteroid drugs, especially with inhaled methods, increases the risk of periodontal disease compared to patients who do not use corticosteroid drugs.
Two Magnesium Transporters in the Chloroplast Inner Envelope Essential for Thylakoid Biogenesis in Arabidopsis.

● Magnesium (Mg2+ ) serves as a cofactor for a number of photosynthetic enzymes and the central metal of chlorophyll in the chloroplast. However, little is known on the molecular mechanism of Mg2+ transport across chloroplast envelope. ● Here, we report functional characterization of two transport proteins in Arabidopsis, Magnesium Release 8 (MGR8) and MGR9, of the ACDP/CNNM family evolutionarily conserved in all lineages of life. ● Both MGR8 and MGR9 genes were expressed ubiquitously, and their encoded proteins were localized in the inner envelope of chloroplasts. Mutations of both MGR8 and MGR9, but not any of them alone, resulted in albino ovules and chlorotic seedlings. Further analysis revealed severe defects in thylakoid biogenesis and assembly of photosynthetic complexes in the double mutant. Both MGR8 and MGR9 functionally complemented the growth of the Salmonella typhimurium mutant strain MM281 which lacks Mg2+ uptake capacity. The embryonic and early seedling defects of mgr8/mgr9 double mutant were amended by the expression of MGR9 under the embryo-specific ABI3 promoter. The partially rescued mutant plants were hypersensitive to Mg2+ deficient condition and contains less Mg2+ in the chloroplast than the wild type. ● Taken together, we conclude that MGR8 and MGR9 serve as Mg2+ transporters responsible for chloroplast Mg2+ uptake.
Effects of intestinal bacteria on cardiovascular disease

ABSTRACT In the long process of human evolution, the Intestinal Bacteria has become intimately related to human health, producing many metabolites in the intestines that can affect cardiovascular disease. Today, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is rising, its treatment is becoming increasingly important, and new therapeutic targets are needed. Here we describe the effects of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), lipid metabolism, phenolic compounds, indole sulfate (IS), oleuropein (OL), and hydroxytyrosol (HT) on atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases, as well as their mechanism of action. This study provides new ideas, new methods, and new directions for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) reverse transcriptase (RT) structure and biochemistry reveals remarkable similarities to HIV-1 RT and opportunities for HERV-K–specific inhibition

Significance A large percentage of the human genome is composed of repetitive elements that are relics of past viral infections. Expression of these human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer; however, causality remains to be established. A subset of these HERVs express proteins with reverse transcriptase (RT) activity. This has inspired several clinical studies of antiviral RT inhibitors for indications in which HERV expression is associated with disease. We have determined the X-ray structure of an HERV reverse transcriptase. This structure clarifies the reasons for poor inhibition by 3TC (lamivudine) and lack of inhibition by nonnucleoside inhibitors nevirapine and efavirenz. This structure will enable the design of selective HERV-K RT tools for drug target validation.
Explainable Optimized LightGBM Based Differentiation of Mild Cognitive Impairment Using MR Radiomic Features

In this study, an explainable Bayesian Optimized (BO) LightGBM model is employed to differentiate the Corpus Callosal (CC) image features of Healthy Controls (HC) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). For this, Magnetic Resonance (MR) brain images obtained from a public database are pre-processed and CC is segmented using spatial fuzzy clustering-based level set. Radiomic features are extracted from the segmented CC, which are further fed to BO-LightGBM classifier. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technique is used to evaluate the interpretability of the model. The results indicate that radiomics based BO-LightGBM is able to differentiate MCI from HC. An area under curve of 0.83 is achieved by the model. SHAP values suggest that out of 56 radiomic features, texture descriptors possess the highest discriminative power in MCI diagnosis. The performance of adopted approach indicates that radiomics based BO-LightGBM aid in the automated diagnosis of early Alzheimer's Disease stages.
Psychological Well-Being in Childhood and Cardiometabolic Risk in Middle Adulthood: Findings From the 1958 British Birth Cohort

Childhood adversity is linked to poor cardiometabolic outcomes, but less is known about positive childhood factors. Using data from 4,007 members of the 1958 British Birth Cohort, we investigated whether children with greater psychological well-being had lower adulthood cardiometabolic risk. At age 11, participants wrote essays about their future. Two judges rated each essay for nine psychological well-being items (Finn’s r = .82–.91), which were combined into a standardized overall score (Cronbach’s α = .91). When participants reached age 45, nurses assessed their blood pressure, heart rate, lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein, which were standardized and summed for total cardiometabolic risk. Regressions indicated that children with greater psychological well-being had lower cardiometabolic risk (b = −0.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.28, −0.006]): specifically, healthier total cholesterol (b = −0.04, 95% CI = [−0.07, −0.003]) and triglycerides (b = −0.06, 95% CI = [−0.09, −0.02]). Childhood psychological well-being may promote adulthood cardiometabolic health.
On the design and manufacturing of miniaturized microstripline power splitters for driving multicoil transmit arrays with arbitrary ratios at 7 T

The purpose of the current study was to implement unequal microstrip power splitters for parallel transmission at 7 T that are optimized for size and loss and that can be configured for a wide range of power ratios. The splitters will enable the use of more transmit coils without a corresponding increase in the number of transmit channels or amplifiers to control specific absorption rate, shorten RF pulses, and shim inhomogeneous RF fields. Wilkinson unequal power splitters based on a novel microstrip network design were optimized to minimize their size under 8 cm in length and 9 cm in width, enabling them to be included in coil housing or cascaded in multiple stages. Splitters were designed and constructed for a wide range of output power ratios at 298 MHz. Simulations and bench tests were performed for each ratio, and a methodology was established to adapt the designs to other ratios and frequencies. The designs and code are open source and can be reproduced as is or reconfigured. The single‐stage designs achieved good matches and isolations between output ports (worst isolation −15.9 dB, worst match −15.1 dB). A two‐stage cascaded (one input to four outputs) power splitter with 1:2.5, 1:10, 1:3, and 1:6 ratio outputs was constructed. The worst isolation between output ports was −19.7 dB in simulation and the worst match of the three ports was −17.8 dB. The measured ratios for one‐ and two‐stage boards were within 10% of the theoretical ratios. The power‐handling capability of the smallest trace was approximately 70 W. Power loss for the one‐ and two‐stage boards ranged from 1% to 3% in simulation compared with 5.1% to 7.2% on the bench. It was concluded that Wilkinson unequal microstrip power splitters can be implemented with a small board size (low height) and low loss, and across a wide range of output power ratios. The splitters can be cascaded in multiple stages while maintaining the expected ratios and low loss. This will enable the construction of large fixed transmit array‐compression matrices with low loss.
Non‐surgical mechanical therapy of peri‐implantitis with or without repeated adjunctive diode laser application. A 6‐month double‐blinded randomized clinical trial

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study is to investigate the outcomes following non‐surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis (PI) with or without adjunctive diode laser application. Materials and methods A double‐blinded randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out in 25 subjects with 25 implants diagnosed with PI. Following curettage of granulation tissue, test implants (T) were treated with adjunctive application of a diode laser for 90 s (settings: 810 nm, 2.5 W, 50 Hz, 10 ms), while at control implants (C) non‐activated adjunctive diode laser was applied. The entire treatment procedure was performed at days 0 (i.e., baseline), 7 and 14. The primary outcome measure was change in mean pocket probing depth (PPD). Clinical and microbiological outcomes, as well as host‐derived inflammatory markers were evaluated at baseline, 3 and 6 months, while radiographic outcomes were assessed at baseline and at the 6‐month follow‐up. Results No statistically significant differences with respect to baseline patient characteristic were observed. After 6 months, both test and control implants yielded statistically significant PPD changes compared with baseline (T: 1.28 and C: 1.47 mm) but without statistically significant difference between groups (p = .381). No statistically significant changes in peri‐implant marginal bone levels were detected (p = .936). No statistically significant differences between test and control implants were observed with respect to microbiological and host‐derived parameters (p > .05). At the 6‐month follow‐up, treatment success was observed in 41.7% (n = 5) of test and 46.2% (n = 6) of control patients, respectively (p = .821). Conclusion Repeated adjunctive application of diode laser in the non‐surgical management of PI failed to provide significant benefits compared with mechanical instrumentation alone.
The Relevance of Goodness‐of‐fit, Robustness and Prediction Validation Categories of OECD‐QSAR Principles with Respect to Sample Size and Model Type

We investigated the relevance of the validation principles on the Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship models issued by Organization for Economic and Co‐operation and Development. We checked the goodness‐of‐fit, robustness and predictivity categories in linear and nonlinear models using benchmark datasets. Most of our conclusions are drawn using the sample size dependence of the different validation parameters. We found that the goodness‐of‐fit parameters misleadingly overestimate the models on small samples. In the case of neural network and support vector models, the feasibility of the goodness‐of‐fit parameters often might be questioned. We propose to use the simplest y‐scrambling method to estimate chance correlation. We found that the leave‐one‐out and leave‐many‐out cross‐validation parameters can be rescaled to each other in all models and the computationally feasible method should be chosen depending on the model type. We assessed the interdependence of the validation parameters by calculating their rank correlations. Goodness of fit and robustness correlate quite well over a sample size for linear models and one of the approaches might be redundant. In the rank correlation between internal and external validation parameters, we found that the assignment of good and bad modellable data to the training or the test causes negative correlations.
Improved Surgical Correction Relative to Patient-Specific Ideal Spinopelvic Alignment Reduces Pelvic Nonresponse for Severely Malaligned Adult Spinal Deformity Patients

Background Persistent pelvic compensation following adult spinal deformity (ASD) corrective surgery may impair quality of life and result in persistent pathologic lower extremity compensation. Ideal age-specific alignment targets have been proposed to improve surgical outcomes, though it is unclear whether reaching these ideal targets reduces rates of pelvic nonresponse following surgery. Our aim was to assess the relationship between pelvic nonresponse, age-specific alignment, and lower-limb compensation following surgery for ASD. Methods Single-center retrospective cohort study. ASD patients were grouped: those who did not improve in Scoliosis Research Society-Schwab pelvic tilt (PT) modifier (pelvic nonresponders [PNR]), and those who improved (pelvic responders [PR]). Groups were propensity score matched for preoperative PT and assessed for differences in spinal and lower extremity alignment. Rates of pelvic nonresponse were compared across patient groups who were undercorrected, overcorrected, or matched age-specific postoperative alignment targets. Results A total of 146 surgical ASD patients, 47.9% of whom showed pelvic nonresponse following surgery, were included. After propensity score matching, PNR (N = 29) and PR (N = 29) patients did not differ in demographics, preoperative alignment, or levels fused; however, PNR patients have less preoperative knee flexion (9° vs 14°, P = 0.043). PNR patients had inferior postoperative pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) alignment (17° vs 3°) and greater pelvic shift (53 vs 31 mm). PNR and PR patients did not differ in rates of reaching ideal age-specific postoperative alignment for sagittal vertical axis (SVA) or PI-LL, though patients who matched ideal PT had lower rates of PNR (25.0% vs 75.0%). For patients with moderate and severe preoperative SVA, more aggressive correction relative to either ideal postoperative PT or PI-LL was associated with significantly lower rates of pelvic nonresponse (all P < 0.05). Conclusions For patients with moderate to severe baseline truncal inclination, more aggressive surgical correction relative to ideal age-specific PI-LL was associated with lower rates of pelvic nonresponse. Postoperative alignment targets may need to be adjusted to optimize alignment outcomes for patients with substantial preoperative sagittal deformity. Clinical Relevance These findings increase our understanding of the poor outcomes that occur despite ideal realignment. Surgical correction of severe global sagittal deformity should be prioritized to mitigate these occurrences. Level of Evidence 3.
FUNCTIONALIZED GOLD NANOROD CORE-MESOPOROUS SILICA SHELL NANODEVICES WITH CONTROLLED RELEASE OF ANTICANCER DRUG

INTRODUCTION: Gold nanorods (AuNRs) can find many biomedical applications including photothermal therapy [1] . AuNRs are normally coated with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) when synthesized via seed-mediated growth, resulting in cytotoxicity and low stability which hinder their medical applications. Coating silica on AuNRs may solve the problem and also makes it possible to conjugate targeting ligands to AuNRs [2] . But the shape and thickness control and functionalization of silica shell are the challenges. The reported methods for coating silica often lack reproducibility and also require precise control of CTAB concentration in AuNR stock solution [3] . This investigation developed a facile method to make folic acid modified AuNR coremesoporous silica shell (AuNR@mSiO2) nanodevices for anti-cancer applications.
SETDB1 acts as a topological accessory to Cohesin via an H3K9me3-independent, genomic shunt for regulating cell fates

Abstract SETDB1 is a key regulator of lineage-specific genes and endogenous retroviral elements (ERVs) through its deposition of repressive H3K9me3 mark. Apart from its H3K9me3 regulatory role, SETDB1 has seldom been studied in terms of its other potential regulatory roles. To investigate this, a genomic survey of SETDB1 binding in mouse embryonic stem cells across multiple libraries was conducted, leading to the unexpected discovery of regions bereft of common repressive histone marks (H3K9me3, H3K27me3). These regions were enriched with the CTCF motif that is often associated with the topological regulator Cohesin. Further profiling of these non-H3K9me3 regions led to the discovery of a cluster of non-repeat loci that were co-bound by SETDB1 and Cohesin. These regions, which we named DiSCs (domains involving SETDB1 and Cohesin) were seen to be proximal to the gene promoters involved in embryonic stem cell pluripotency and lineage development. Importantly, it was found that SETDB1-Cohesin co-regulate target gene expression and genome topology at these DiSCs. Depletion of SETDB1 led to localized dysregulation of Cohesin binding thereby locally disrupting topological structures. Dysregulated gene expression trends revealed the importance of this cluster in ES cell maintenance as well as at gene ‘islands’ that drive differentiation to other lineages. The ‘unearthing’ of the DiSCs thus unravels a unique topological and transcriptional axis of control regulated chiefly by SETDB1.
Direct torque and flux control of interior permanent magnet synchronous machine in deep flux-weakening region

Direct torque and flux control (DTFC) is known for its reduced torque and flux ripples compared to the classical direct torque control scheme. It can drive an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) in usual control regimes while satisfying current and voltage limits of the system. However, deep flux-weakening control of an IPMSM under DTFC has not been investigated as extensively, especially operation along the maximum torque per voltage (MTPV) trajectory in the torque-flux plane. This study proposes a simple and effective control method, which incorporates MTPV trajectory in the conventional flux-weakening algorithm of DTFC. Performance of an IPMSM drive is analysed when operated with the proposed control method.
MS1/MMD1 homologues in the moss Physcomitrium patens are required for male and female gametogenesis

Summary The Arabidopsis Plant HomeoDomain (PHD) proteins AtMS1 and AtMMD1 provide chromatin‐mediated transcriptional regulation essential for tapetum‐dependent pollen formation. This pollen‐based male gametogenesis is a derived trait of seed plants. Male gametogenesis in the common ancestors of land plants is instead likely to have been reminiscent of that in extant bryophytes where flagellated sperms are produced by an elaborate gametophyte generation. Still, also bryophytes possess MS1/MMD1‐related PHD proteins. We addressed the function of two MS1/MMD1‐homologues in the bryophyte model moss Physcomitrium patens by the generation and analysis of reporter and loss‐of‐function lines. The two genes are together essential for both male and female fertility by providing functions in the gamete‐producing inner cells of antheridia and archegonia. They are furthermore expressed in the diploid sporophyte generation suggesting a function during sporogenesis, a process proposed related by descent to pollen formation in angiosperms. We propose that the moss MS1/MMD1‐related regulatory network required for completion of male and female gametogenesis, and possibly for sporogenesis, represent a heritage from ancestral land plants.