Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sewage sludge stabilization with clay minerals and biochar

Increasing sewage sludge production requires efficient treatment and disposal routes. Agronomic use of sewage sludge promotes nutrient recycling and thus is considered a more desirable option than landfill disposal. With the appropriate treatment, removal of available heavy metals and reduction of microbial load, stabilized sewage sludge bio-fertilizers could be ideal for agronomic use. Nonetheless, we still lack treatment approaches that consider an integrated methodology towards microbial load reduction and heavy metals load control, as well as efficient nutrient reuse. The addition of clay minerals and biochars during sewage sludge stabilization, as strong ion adsorbents and bactericides respectively (Agyarko-Mintah et al, 2017; Alshameri et al, 2018; Mohanty et al, 2014; Williams, 2019), could be a promising alternative treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate sewage sludge stabilization with clay minerals (bentonite, vermiculite, zeolite) and biochar in comparison to lime (Ca(OH)2) stabilization in the perspective of agronomic use of the treated sludge.
Using Ontology-Mapping Techniques for Content-based Result Merging

Best practices and experience gathered within organisations are often stored in different sources. Meta search is of particular importance to search and combine search results retrieved from those sources. One major problem is merging search results into a single list in decreasing order of their relevance for the query. This paper focuses on merging structured and unstructured search results and presents an approach which arranges search results by comparing their content. This approach uses techniques of ontology mapping.
Tricarbonylrhenium(I) complexes with the N,6-dimethylpyridine-2-carbothioamide ligand: combined experimental and calculation studies

Abstract A new series of tricarbonyl complexes of rhenium(I) in the “2 + 1” system with the bidentate ligand N,6-dimethylpyridine-2-carbothioamide ((CH3)NC5H4-CS-NH-CH3, MeLH(Me)NS) and a monodentate ligand (halides Cl, Br, or I, and the pseudohalide NCS anion) was synthesized. The use of mixed ligands led to the formation of neutral tricarbonylrhenium(I) complexes [Re(CO)3(MeLH(Me)NS)X] (X = Cl, Br, I, NCS) (1–4). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to determine the crystal structures of all four compounds and those results were compared with molecular structures obtained from DFT calculations using the PBE0/def2-TZVPD approach. The complexes were also characterized by spectroscopic (FT-IR, NMR, and UV–vis) and analytical (HPLC, TGA, EA, ESI-MS) techniques. IR and UV–vis spectra were also calculated by DFT and TD-DFT methods. The cytotoxicity of these complexes was estimated using human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and A2780cis), cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and non-cancerous human embryonic kidney cells (Hek-293). The toxicity of most complexes was moderate or low toward cancer cell lines (IC50 = 46–231 μM) and similar against non-cancerous cells (IC50 = 41-121 μM). Only the complex with chlorido ligand remarkably inhibited growth of ovarian cancer cells (IC50 = 3 and 12 μM for A2780 and A2780cis, respectively). The cytotoxicity of 1 was higher than that of cisplatin.
Interactive Aerosol Feedbacks on Photolysis Rates in the GEM-MACH v2.4 Air Quality Model in Canadian Urban and Industrial Areas

Abstract. The photolysis module in Environment and Climate Change Canada’s on-line chemical transport model GEM-MACH (GEM: Global Environmental Multi-scale – MACH: Modelling Air quality and Chemistry) was improved, to make use of the on-line size and composition-resolved representation of atmospheric aerosols and relative humidity in GEM-MACH, to account for aerosol attenuation of radiation in the photolysis calculation. We coupled both the GEM-MACH aerosol module and the MESSy-JVAL (Modular Earth Sub-Model System) photolysis module, through the use of the on-line aerosol modeled data and a new Mie lookup table for the model-generated extinction efficiency, absorption and scattering cross sections of each aerosol type. The new algorithm applies a lensing correction factor to the black carbon absorption efficiency (core-shell parameterization) and calculates the scattering and absorption optical depth and asymmetry factor of black carbon, sea-salt, dust, and other internally mixed components. We carried out a series of simulations with the improved version of MESSy-JVAL and wildfire emission inputs from the Canadian Forest Fire Emissions Prediction System (CFFEPS) for two months, compared the model aerosol optical depth (AOD) output to the previous version of MESSy-JVAL, satellite data, ground-based measurements and re-analysis products, and evaluated the effects of AOD calculations and the interactive aerosol feedback on the performance of the GEM-MACH model. The comparison of the improved version of MESSy-JVAL with the previous version showed significant improvements in the model performance with the implementation of the new photolysis module, and with adopting the online interactive aerosol concentrations in GEM-MACH. Incorporating these changes to the model resulted in an increase in the correlation coefficient from 0.17 to 0.37 between the GEM-MACH model AOD one-month hourly output and AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) measurements across all the North American sites. Comparisons of the updated model AOD with AERONET measurements for selected Canadian urban and industrial sites specifically, showed better correlation coefficients for urban AERONET sites, and for stations located further south in the domain for both simulation periods (June and January 2018). The predicted monthly averaged AOD using the improved photolysis module followed the spatial patterns of MERRA-2 re-analysis (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications – Version 2), with an overall under-prediction of AOD over the common domain for both seasons. Our study also suggests that the domain-wide impact of direct and indirect effect aerosol feedbacks on the photolysis rates from meteorological changes, are considerably greater (3 to 4 times) than the direct aerosol optical effect on the photolysis rate calculations.
COUPLED SEDIMENT YIELD AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MODELING TO SUPPORT WATERWAY NAVIGATION PLANNING IN NORTHEAST BRAZIL

The São Francisco River Basin located in northeast Brazil has undergone a significant amount of anthropogenic changes in the last several decades, including agricultural expansion, irrigation activities, mining, and the construction of large dams. Together, these changes have altered the historic sediment budget and have led to an aggradation of sediments in the navigation channel, impacting the ability to efficiently ship commodities to regional ports. In an effort to aid decision makers in future waterway navigation planning, a SWAT model of the 630,000 km 2 São Francisco River basin was developed and used to calculate a basin-wide sediment budget. The SWAT model of the São Francisco River Basin was calibrated for hydrology and sediment loads. Monthly discharges were calibrated at ten Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA) gages, with NSE values ranging from 0.52 to 0.72 for a six-year simulation. An additional seven ANA gages were used to validate the model, resulting in NSE values between 0.51 and 0.88 for these additional gages. Sediment loads were calibrated to an ANA sediment gage located in the Middle São Francisco River Navigation Channel, with a PBIAS of -12.6. A sediment budget was calculated and approximately 94% of the sediment that is shoaling in the navigation channels originates from overland sources. A total of approximately 23 million tonnes of net sediment is deposited in the bed of the São Francisco River and major tributaries annually. This net deposition has contributed to an impaired navigation channel due to shoaling of sandy sediments in the navigation channel. Combining a geomorphology study with the SWAT model, conceptual designs for navigation improvements were developed for the São Francisco River navigation channel. A HEC-RAS sediment transport model was built for the navigation channel to predict long-term navigation sustainability using spur dikes and cut-off dikes at the critical shoals. This conceptual design was shown to be a viable long-term alternative to maintaining a sustainable, economically feasible navigation channel when compared to the current practices of maintenance dredging alone.
Visible and NIR Image Blending for Night Vision

In this paper, the image blending method with visible and near infrared (NIR) images obtained by switching IR lighting under low-light conditions is proposed, the image blending is first performed by using a weighting map generated by surround parameters, then tone mapping based on human visual system balances the luminance of the blended image. Finally, color-scaling and correction compensates the noise and color distortion. In the qualitative comparison with conventional methods, the performance of the proposed method has good detail, low-level noise and color accuracy with respect to other methods
Teacher Shortage in India: Myth or Reality? The Fiscal Cost of Surplus Teachers, Fake Enrolment and Absences

IZA DP No. 14251 APRIL 2021 Teacher Shortage in India: Myth or Reality? The Fiscal Cost of Surplus Teachers, Fake Enrolment and Absences This paper examines the widespread perception in India that the country has an acute teacher shortage of about one million teachers in public elementary schools, a view repeated in India’s National Education Policy 2020. Using official DISE data, we show that there is hardly any net teacher deficit in the country since there is roughly the same number of surplus teachers as the number of teacher vacancies. Secondly, we show that measuring teacher requirements after removing the estimated fake students from enrolment data greatly reduces the required number of teachers and increases the number of surplus teachers, yielding an estimated net surplus of about 342,000 teachers. Thirdly, we show that if we both remove fake enrolment and also make a suggested hypothetical change to the teacher allocation rule to adjust for the phenomenon of emptying public schools (which has slashed the national median public-school size to a mere 64 students), the estimated net teacher surplus is about 764,000 teachers. Fourthly, we highlight that if government does fresh recruitment to fill the supposed nearly one-million vacancies, the already modest national mean pupil-teacher-ratio (PTR) of 22.8 would fall to 15.9, at a permanent fiscal cost of nearly Rupees 48,000 crore (USD 6.6 billion) per year in 2017-18 prices, which is higher than the individual GDPs of 56 countries in that year. The paper also highlights the volume of schools with extreme PTRs, and estimates the cost of teacher absence, pupil absence and fake enrolments. Overall, the paper highlights the major economic efficiencies that can result from an evidence-based approach to education policy making. JEL Classification: I20, I21
FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE: PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCE

The aim of the study was to investigate pre-service teachers’ perspectives of their training programme based on the off-campus teaching practice they engaged in as well as challenges faced. The study adopted the mixed method approach. The sample for the study was 196 students who were final year students of the Catholic University College of Ghana, Fiapre. Questionnaire was developed to elicit responses for the participants. The study revealed positive perspectives of the participants on the preparatory programme. They were also able to apply the professional knowledge and skills gained in the classroom indicating a smooth transition of theory to practice. However, the study participants reported some challenges encountered, which need to be addressed by the schools where the pre-teachers go for internship to enhance such future exercises.
The Associations of Sleep Factors and Emotional Distress with Cortisol Awakening Response in Outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder

Objectives: The associations of time of awakening, total time slept, anxiety, and depressed levels with awakening cortisol levels and Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) were compared between outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and healthy control patients. Methods: Self-reports of depressive and anxiety levels, time of awakening, total time slept, and healthy behaviors were completed by 125 outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 107 healthy control patients. Saliva samples were collected for all patients to measure cortisol levels at awakening, 30-45 minutes after awakening, and at 12:00, 17:00, and 21:00 hours. Results: There was no significant difference in CAR (increased cortisol levels from waking to 30-45 minutes post-waking) between MDD outpatients and healthy control patients. However, factors associated with the magnitude of CAR were different between the two groups after controlling for potentially confounding factors such as gender, age, and smoking, alcohol, and coffee habits. Higher awakening cortisol levels were related to early time of awakening in healthy control patients but were correlated instead with higher anxiety levels in MDD outpatients. The larger magnitudes of CAR associated with later time of awakening in healthy subjects, on the other hand, were related to lower anxiety levels and history of mental illness in MDD outpatients. Conclusion: The time of awakening is likely a normal regulatory factor of morning cortisol responses in healthy people. Rather than this normal regulatory function, anxiety symptoms and family history of mental illness were the main regulatory factors for awakening cortisol levels and CAR magnitude in MDD outpatients. This might play an important role in underlying pathophysiological processes leading to HPA axis dysfunction in this patient group. cortisol levels after waking was found in medication-free patients with MDD at acute depressed stage [8], in the patients with
Personality Prediction Using Machine Learning

: Personality is an important parameter because it distinguishes different people from each other.The prediction of personality is a field of constant research.Prediction of personality by means of social data the media is a promising approach because it does not require this method any user-filled questionnaires reducing time and increasing credibility. The utilisation of social mediaDay by day increased. Extensive amounts of textual data andthe pictures keep bursting into the web every day.Current work focuses on machine learning Naive Bayes and Decision tree over Facebook standard dataset.
Application of ozonation and bioremediation for integrated treatment and valorization of drilling waste: Technology development and monitoring of microbial dynamics

The entire eastern Mediterranean is swimming in huge untapped oil and gas (O&G) reserves. Thus, drilling operations have recently increased considerably in Cyprus necessitating the safe disposal of drilling waste (DW, drill cuttings (DC), drilling fluid and mud) currently posing important waste management and environmental problems mainly due to the vast quantities generated and the high content in contaminants. IESC Ltd and Cyprus University of Technology currently aim to develop an enhanced hybrid ozone oxidation-bioremediation system at pilot-scale for DC treatment producing added-value compost as well as a consortium of microorganisms with applicability in bioremediation of similar waste. The study of population dynamics through qPCR may quantify the expression of specific metabolic routes involved in the biodegradation of different pollutants [1]. Furthermore, metagenomic methods, such as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), employed for assessing the composition of entire environmental communities in a variety of microbial habitats have resulted in discovering new genes and gene products from uncultivated microorganisms, assembling whole genomes [2]. Recent NGS studies applied in hydrocarbon bioremediation processes have shown the crucial effect of these techniques in identifying, monitoring and estimating the proportions of degrading populations during soil bioremediation providing information for novel biocatalysts and enzymes involved [3]. The proposed waste management technology is expected to significantly reduce current thermal processing costs, while the company aims in eventually moving the novel technology for DC management to full scale and to increase its competitiveness through production of added-value commodities. The work is part of the OzoneBioPro project, which is funded from the Research and Innovation Foundation of Cyprus.
Development of Speed Breaker Identification System Using Smart Phones

: Speed breakers and uneven streets are a significant danger to drivers that inquiries their security. The accident happens in view of no sign sheets showing the speed breaker, helpless perceivability around evening time and street works that are frequently completed with no appropriate indications of street deviations and furthermore the carelessness of the driver. Every one of these variables put the existence of the people to no end making harm the vehicle just as life. Rough streets have become an issue for vehicles with less ground leeway. The focal point of the paper is on planning an early admonition framework recognizing both speed breakers and awful street conditions. The methodology utilized in this paper is a continuous arrangement and is created as an android administration that runs behind the scenes and depends on Google Maps application in the cell phone. This assistance will toss an alarm giving early admonition if the client is moving toward the speed breaker or an uneven street. Aside from simply giving an early aware of the client, it additionally furnishes the client with another option and a superior course. The arrangement proposed in this work is a type of publicly supporting where clients share and get information, along these lines making the framework financially savvy.
OP-JUEL190017 1..8

Increased urbanization has resulted in community changes including alteration of predator communities. Little is known, however, about how such changes affect morphological anti-predator traits. Given the importance of coloration in predator avoidance, this trait in particular is expected to be susceptible to novel selective environments in urban areas. Here, we investigate the coloration pattern of a Neotropical anuran species, the túngara frog (Engystomops pustulosus), along an urbanization gradient. Túngara frogs have two distinct color patterns (unstriped and striped) which we found to occur at different frequencies along an urbanization gradient. Striped individuals increased in frequency with urbanization. To assess the strength of selection imposed by predators on the two color morphs, we deployed clay models of túngara frogs in forest and semi-urban populations. In addition, we examined microhabitat selection by individuals of the different morphs. We found higher predation rates associated with urbanization than forested areas. In particular, frogs from forested habitats had lower number of attacks by avian predators. Contrary to our predictions, however, predation rates were similar for both color morphs independent of urbanization. Also, coloration of the frogs did not affect their microhabitat preference. Overall, túngara frogs are more likely to have a striped coloration pattern in semi-urban areas where predation by birds is higher than in the forest. Our findings suggest that factors other than predation pressure shape the coloration pattern of urban frogs and emphasize the complex nature of effects that anthropogenic changes in habitat and predator communities may have on prey morphology.
Progressive Analytical Viewpoint to Evaluate Dynamic Performance of Control Theory in Global High-Tech Prospects

In Global Hi-Tech possibilities, the control hypothesis assumes a significant part in unique Technological advancement around the world; Control hypothesis manages the control of dynamical frameworks in designed cycles and machines. The goal is to foster a review of Analytical or calculation administering the utilization of framework contributions to driving the dynamic performance of control theory framework to an ideal state while limiting any postponement, overshoot, or consistent state mistake and guaranteeing a degree of control steadiness with the intend to accomplish a level of optimality. In this Research Paper Author centres on Control Theory and investigate open and close circle control with the usage of traditional control hypothesis approach. Investigation methods and framework interfacing apparatus additionally investigated dynamic execution principles of Control hypothesis in Global High Tech Prospects.
Just-in-Time Inventories and Business Cycles

This paper uses a DSGE model with multi-stage production to evaluate the role of inventories in the business cycle. We examine how inventories may generate and/or propagate cyclical uctuations and we study how aggregate economic volatility is affected by the introduction of just-in-time (JIT) inventories. We rst construct a nonJIT economy where the producers of nished goods hold inventories of nished goods and intermediate materials. Instead, in the JIT economy, inventories of nished goods are held by the producers of nished goods while materials inventories are held by materials producers. In both economies, the higher the input adjustment and stock-out avoidance costs, the larger (smaller) the response of nished goods (materials) inventories to shocks and the smaller the impact on output. Furthermore, the introduction of JIT inventories leads to signi cant reductions in the volatility of output. We nd no evidence that inventories cause business cycles. An earlier version of this paper was given in the International Society for Inventory Research (ISIR) session at the 2015 ASSA Meeting in Boston, MA. We acknowledge the helpful comments we received from our discussant, Eric Sims. yDepartment of Economics, University of Kentucky, 335Z Gatton Business and Economics Building, Lexington, KY 40506-0034; e-mail: amherrera@uky.edu; phone: (859) 257-1119; fax: (859) 323-1920. zSchool of Economics, University of Seoul, 902 Mirae Hall, 163 Seoulsiripdaro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 130-743, Korea; e-mail: yonggook12@uos.ac. kr; phone: +82-2-6490-2072; fax: +82-2-6490-2054. xDepartment of Economics, Wayne State University, 656 W Kirby, Detroit MI 48202; e-mail: robert.rossana@wayne.edu; phone: (313) 577-3760; fax: (313) 577-9564.
An Investigation of the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Financial Performance in Egypt: The Mediating Role of Information Asymmetry

The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on corporate financial performance (CFP) through information asymmetry (IA) as a mediator. The study involved the whole sectors in the listed companies on Egx100 excluding Financial sectors (banks and financial services) from 2013-2017 using smart PLS (Partial Least Square). CSR is measured using CSR index, while Share turnover ratio is used to measure IA. CFP is divided into three indicators: ROA, ROE and ROS. The Structural model assessment reveals that CSR has a positive and significant effect on CFP. This means that those listed companies engaged in CSR activities achieved better financial performance than nonCRS companies. The CSR proved to have a negative and significant effect on the IA. This shows that CSR activities lead to decreased IA. Finally, this research found that CSR activities will improve CFP through IA.
Data Augmentation and Ensembling for FriendsQA

FriendsQA is a challenging QA dataset consisting of 10,610 questions, based on multi-person dialogues from the TV series Friends. We augmented its training data using back-translation, and proposed a novel method to effectively find answers in paraphrased contexts, by comparing the sum of word embeddings. Combining data augmentation with ensembling of BERT-large models, we pushed state-of-the-art Fl / EM scores on FriendsQA from 69.6 / 53.5 to 72.08 / 54.62.