Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cost-efficient Entangled Light Quantum Imaging Based on Compressed Sensing

A cost-efficient entangled light quantum imaging method is proposed to improve imaging speed while preserve imaging quality. First of all, the target image is sparsely processed by wavelet transform, and the random Bernoulli matrix is selected as the measurement matrix to ensure the retention of the effective information in the sparse signal. Then, the image is reconstructed by using the Total Variation Augmented Lagrangian Alternating Direction Algorithm (TVAL3) to improve reconstruction accuracy and computation efficiency. Finally, the reconstruction quality of images at different sampling rates is compared and analyzed, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified based on an actual optical path of entangled light quantum imaging.
Towards Fake News Detection on Social Media

The dissemination of fake news on the Internet has resulted in worrying negative implications for individuals and society. This paper begins by discussing the definitions of fake news and the related terms that have often co-occurred with the term fake news. Then, we summarised several social science theories characterising fake news spreading. Next, we discussed the state-of-the-art techniques for detecting fake news using news content and user context information. Finally, we conducted a case study that demonstrates that the interplay between news content and context-based features helps uncover useful patterns to discriminate fake from real news. Our study suggests that content and context-based features are necessary for better performance of fake news detection.
A rapid marking technique for Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Techniques for marking large numbers of termites typically rely on feeding workers filter paper impregnated with fat-soluble dyes. Using the traditional method of offering the termites slightly moistened, stained filter paper, Reticulitermes flavipes typically require 3-5 days of feeding on the paper to acquire sufficient coloration. By combining a 'fast marking' technique developed for Coptotermes and the phagostimulatory effect of a 1% glucose solution, a rapid marking technique was designed and tested for R. flavipes. Slightly desiccated workers were offered a high volume of relatively concentrated Neutral Red and Nile Blue dyes. The thirsty termites fully incorporated the dye and became distinctly colored in 48 and 60 hrs, respectively, with no significant reduction in survivorship or body weight after 3 weeks. This method successfully accelerated the traditional, 3-5 day marking period. The addition of a 1% glucose solution had no impact on termite survivorship, weight, dye uptake, or color retention.
Understanding microfungal diversity : a critique

- This paper reviews recent advances in understanding microfungal diversity. It questions the large amounts of funding given to molecular phylogenetics despite the fact that we barely know more than a small percentage of the global fungi. It also questions the practice of sequencing fungal strains from culture collections, as they may be wrongly identified and usually lack any herbarium specimens to check characters against. The need for epitypification with living specimens is vindicated. Host fungi relationships have been shown to be important to our knowledge of fungal numbers and research on fungi on various hosts are outlined. Data on the fungi from extreme environments, endophytes and aquatic fungi have advanced the knowledge of fungal diversity, while recommendations that funding bodies should fund basic research are expressed.
In-Vitro Adhesion and Invasion Properties of Salmonella Typhimurium Competing with Bacteriophage in Epithelial Cells and Chicken Macrophages

This study was designed to assess the role of bacteriophage P22 in the adhesion, invasion, intracellular survival of, and cellular immune response to Salmonella Typhimurium in intestinal epithelial INT-407 and chicken macrophage-like HD11 cells. The ability of S. Typhimurium to adhere, invade, and survive to INT-407 and HD11cells was evaluated under Salmonella infection alone (control), phage treatment followed by Salmonella infection (PS), Salmonella infection followed by phage treatment (SP), and a combination treatment with Salmonella and phage (S+P). The number of S. Typhimurium associated on INT-407 cells was reduced from 4.2 to 2.7 log cfu/cm2 by phage treatment (SP). The number of intracellular S. Typhimurium within INT-407 cells was significantly reduced to below the detection limit (0.7 log cfu/cm2) compared with the control (3.4 log cfu/cm2). S. Typhimurium remained inside HD11 cells at 49% and 17% levels in the absence and presence of phages, respectively, at 24 h post-infection (hpi). The expression levels of IFN-g, IL-10, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, and IL-12 increased in HD11 cells regardless the absence and presence of phages, while those of IL-16, TLR2-1, TLR3, and TLR7 were decreased at 0 and 24 hpi. This study sheds new light on our understanding of the role of phages in Salmonella adhesion, invasion, survival, and cellular immune responses.
Exotic Plant Species

A survey of exotic plant species on Cumberland Island (Georgia) was conducted during 2003-2004. Of sixty-six exotic plant species identified, twenty-three of these are recognized as invasive or potentially invasive by either the Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council (GAEPPC) or the Florida Exotic Plant Pest Council (FLEPPC) and 11 species occurred in natural areas of Cumberland Island National Seashore. Areas containing exotic plant species, obtained in the form of Geographic Information System layers, ranged from 1 m 2 to 2,273,708 m 2 . Rankings of impact determined by the Alien Plant Rank- ing System (APRS) ranged from 4 to 60, but did not coincide well with rankings by the GAEPPC or FLEPPC. Five species listed by GAEPPC or FLEPPC ranked 40 or above by APRS, while all others ranked below 38.
Influenza serological assays: from agar to plasmid-based approaches

: Influenza serological assays, in which blood serum is tested for the presence of antibodies to past infection(s), can be used to detect any past exposure to influenza viruses and also for the pre-clinical evaluation of influenza vaccines and antibody-based therapeutics. There is a wide range of serological assays for influenza testing in humans and domestic animals (poultry, pigs, horses), and this review discusses the most routinely used of these, encompassing those that are based on agar gels, through to the newer plasmid-directed serological assays. Assays reviewed include agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI), single radial haemolysis (SRH), microneutralization (MN) and pseudotype microneutralization (pp-MN). All of these assays measure different but overlapping responses and when used in a coordinated manner, enable a holistic picture of the antibody response to the influenza virus to be assembled.
Effect of rabbit-origin enterocin-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 application on growth performance and gut morphometry in rabbits.

The interactions between probiotic bacteria and the immune system in animals are known, but particularly in rabbits have not been sufficiently documented. Therefore the present study deals with the effect of the enterocin-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 on the growth performance and jejunal morphometry in rabbits. Forty-eight weaned rabbits of male sex (NZB breed) at 5 weeks of age were randomly divided into experimental (EF) and control group (CG) with 24 rabbits in each group. Each day of the treatment period (21 days), the rabbits in the EF group were administered a fresh culture of the E. faecium CCM7420 strain (5.0 × 108 CFU/animal/day in their drinking water); for the next 21 days after probiotic cessation the rabbits had untreated drinking water (the whole experiment lasted for 42 days). All animals had access to water ad libitum. Three animals from each group were randomly selected for slaughter at days 21 and 42 of the experiment to measure morphological parameters (villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), VH : CD ratio) of the intestinal tissue in the proximal jejunum. The average daily gain was higher in EF group (39.49 g) than in CG (39.04 g). The jejunum VH, surface area, and VH : CD ratio increased, while CD decreased in EF group compared to CG. Inferring from these results, we conclude that administration of E. faecium CCM7420 strain to rabbits may improve weight gain due to better utilization of feed and larger absorption surface in the gut and also may positively influence the health status via enhancing the gut health in rabbits.
2.2 A 5G Mobile Gaming-Centric SoC with High-Performance Thermal Management in 4nm FinFET

In recent years, mobile gaming has grown rapidly to overtake both console and PC gaming markets globally. Thus far, modern smartphones have been powerful enough to support gaming requirements. However, demands of high-performance and computing power cause thermal management challenges to sustain performance during gaming. As shown in Fig. 2.2. 1, frequency upgrades did not bring commensurate benchmark improvements due to the thermal wall. This work presents a high-performance fully integrated 5G flagship mobile gaming-centric SoC in a 4nm FinFET process. The SoC consists of an octa-core tri-gear 3.35/3.2/1.8GHz CPU and a deca-core 955MHz GPU to provide a high-quality gaming experience. To maintain high-performance operation under heat ramp-up, a thermal management system that adopts threshold temperature $(\mathrm{T}_{\text{thr}})$ control along with energy/temperature-aware scheduling (E/TAS) is proposed. On-chip sensors which monitor temperature, voltage and leakage current are designed to acquire a run-time power budget for E/TAS to boost performance based on computing demand. The proposed thermal management system raises $\mathrm{T}_{\text{thr}}$ by up to $10^{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{C}$ with $2000/^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ benchmark score gain, on average, and maintains a stable temperature range with occasional damping well controlled within $5^{\mathrm{o}}\mathrm{C}$ while throttling. The gaming phone achieves a score of 1.146M for the AnTuTu v9.4. 2 benchmark.
Engineering Electrode-Attached Microbial Consortia for High-Performance Xylose-Fed Microbial Fuel Cell

The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising technology for energy harvesting from biomass; however, previously reported MFCs with wild-type or biologically modified exoelectrogenic bacteria such as Shewanella oneidensis have often exhibited poor performance in generating electricity from sugars. Herein, a synthetic fermenter-exoelectrogen (Escherichia coli-S. oneidensis) microbial consortium was developed to expand the spectrum of carbon sources for MFC through establishing a highly electroactive anodic biofilm by rationally tuning its microbial community profile to favor efficient electron transfer. Specifically, a synthetic riboflavin pathway from Bacillus subtilis was incorporated into E. coli to overproduce flavins to facilitate flavin-mediated electron transfer, and a highly hydrophobic S. oneidensis strain CP2-1-S1 was adopted as the exoelectrogen to increase its adhesion to the carbon electrode. The highly hydrophobic interactions between S. oneidensis and the anode along with the overproduced fla.
Newton’s Principia Revisited: A New Passage of the Solution to the Direct Kepler Problem

The direct Kepler problem, which Newton solved for the first time in the human history, is the task to induce physics behind Kepler’s first and second laws. Newton broke through the problem by use of classical geometry and novel limiting operations. In this note by use of vector analysis a new passage of the solution starts from Kepler’s first law, by way of conservation of the kinematics on the orbits, and arrives at the inverse-square law of gravitation as well as Kepler’s second law at the same time. Kepler’s first law is revealed essential to generate everything. Kepler’s third law, derivative in its nature, is also confirmed within the same formalism.
Variation and local adaptation in stress response using statistical analysis and bioinformatics

Across climate regions, organisms have developed various mechanisms to their local environments. Understanding the adaptive variation and the underlying genetic basis for the variation can greatly improve our understanding on how natural selection works in nature. Organisms constantly defend with various environmental stressors. These stressors often share some pathways although also deploy stress-specific mechanisms. In this dissertation, I chose Arabidopsis thaliana natural populations across an elevation cline as a model to explore their adaptive divergence to various environmental stressors existed in their local regions. I firstly showed the constitutive adaptive variation and induced variation to multiple stressors of several key chemicals, camalexin, salicylic acid and heat shock protein 101 (Hsp101), under common garden experiments in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. These chemicals all showed adaptive variation in the studied populations. I then extensively explored heat stress, one of the most important stressors in nature, using a combination of phenotypic, transcriptomic and genomic approaches in the second half of the dissertation. I found out that high elevation plants adopt greater avoidance while low elevation plants adopt greater tolerance to heat stress. At the transcriptomic level, high elevation populations showed more gene expression change, both in the numbers of differentially expressed genes and the magnitude of the fold change. The genome resequencing also indicated several regions of selective sweep, which are the targets of strong selection, in comparing low and high elevation plants. Summarizing all the studies together, my dissertation provided support of the adaptive divergence in the studied Arabidopsis thaliana plants and also provided a pipeline for exploring other stressors across climate regions.
Differential Expression of Flowering Genes between Rapid- and Slow-Cycling Brassica rapa

Flowering time is a very important agronomic trait in Brassica crops and regulation of the time is one of major factor in the breeding program. To understand the control of flowering time in Brassica rapa, we have carried out Br300K microarray with two contrasting Brassica inbred lines, Rapid Cycling B. rapa (RCBr) as rapid cycling type and B. rapa ssp. pekinensis inbred line Chiifu as slow flowering phenotype. Reproductive process-related genes were specifically expressed in RCBr, whereas environmental stimuli-responsive genes in Chiifu. Flowering stimulating genes, such as BrFT and BrSOC1, were preferentially expressed in RCBr, while flowering repressing genes, such as BrFLC and BrMAF4, expressed in Chiifu. Several paralogues present in B. rapa, BrFLCs and BrCOLs, were expressed with paralog-specific pattern depending on flowering phenotypes: i.e., BrFLC1 and BrFLC2, major floral repressors, were expressed in Chiifu, BrFLCL/BrFLC5 in RCBr and BrFLC3 in both plants. The expression of several flowering repressing genes was gradually decreased in RCBr growth, but increased in Chiifu growth. However, the expression of genes involved in photoperiodic flowering was no difference between these two plants under LD and SD conditions, indicating photoperiodic pathway is not major factor to distinguish fast vs. slow flowering in B. rapa. The mechanism underlined in the rapid or fast flowering of RCBr would be further elucidated in association with the controlling mechanism of its short life span.
Syntheses of Silver Nanowires Ink and Printable Flexible Transparent Conductive Film: A Review

Nowadays, flexible transparent conductive film (FTCF) is one of the important components of many flexible electronic devices. Due to comprehensive performances on optoelectronics, FTCF based on silver nanowires (AgNWs) networks have received great attention and are expected to be a new generation of transparent conductive film materials. Due to its simple process, printed electronic technology is now an important technology for the rapid production of low-cost and high-quality flexible electronic devices. AgNWs-based FTCF fabricated by using printed electronic technology is considered to be the most promising process. Here, the preparation and performance of AgNW ink are introduced. The current printing technologies are described, including gravure printing, screen printing and inkjet printing. In addition, the latest methods to improve the conductivity, adhesion, and stability of AgNWs-based FTCF are introduced. Finally, the applications of AgNWs-based FTCF in solar cells, transparent film heaters, optoelectronic devices, touch panel, and sensors are introduced in detail. Therefore, combining various printing technologies with AgNWs ink may provide more opportunities for the development of flexible electronic devices in the future.
Identification of a Novel Recombinant Protein for Improved Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Sudan

s: Abass E , Elhussein M (2009) Visceral leishmaniais and HIV co-infection in patients referred to Biomedical Research Laboratory of Ahfad University during 2003-2007. Annals of Medicine and Healthcare Research. Proceedings of the 2009 International Online Medical Conference. Patent: Diagnosis of Leishmania infection. European patent, Application No./Patent No. 13151858.1 1406. Date of filling: 18.01. 2013.
Effectiveness of conservation areas for protecting biodiversity and ecosystem services: a multi-criteria approach

ABSTRACT In land planning strategies, methods to quantify ecosystem services (ESs) are now used to complement biodiversity assessments. Tension arises when areas important for biodiversity do not spatially co-occur with important areas for ESs. We investigate the effectiveness of protected areas in simultaneously protecting biodiversity and ESs in central Colombia and identify complementary areas. We map, integrate using a multi-criteria technique and correlate five indicators (sensitive species, ecological systems, habitat quality, scenic beauty and water provision). Reflecting the uncertainty in criteria weights, multiple maps were created and overlain with current protected areas to investigate their effectiveness. A consensus and an uncertainty map were calculated to identify multifunctional areas (high value for biodiversity and high provision of ESs and low uncertainty). Protected areas show low to intermediate levels of effectiveness (3–56% percentage overlap with simulated areas), with water provision being the service least effectively protected. Indicators do not show high levels of correlation (all p < 0.57). Sensitive species are negatively correlated with all other indicators. High representativeness levels were found around the city of Bogotá; still, extensive multifunctional areas are not contemplated under any protection status. We advocate the use of our approach to identify multi-purpose areas that are robust to divergent stakeholder opinions. EDITED BY Berta Martin-Lopez
A Model Allocating Growth Among Leaf Proteins, Shoot Structure, and Root Biomass to Produce Balanced Activity

A model is developed that considers the allocation of carbon and nitrogen substrates to a protein compartment in the shoots, shoot structural components, and root biomass. Inclusion of a shoot-protein compartment allows variation in shoot-specific activity to be modelled as a function of leaf nitrogen concentration. Allocation to the biomass compartments is controlled by two partitioning variables that are defined by explicitly using the balanced activity hypothesis (.)
Seed storage and viability of Myristica malabarica Lam. an endemic species of Southern Western Ghats (India)

Myristica malabarica Lam. seeds remain viable only for a week under natural conditions. Fresh seeds exhibit 27% moisture content and 100% germination. On natural drying, the critical moisture content value was found to be between 14 and 11% as the germination percentage decreased from 70 to 0% respectively. Sensitivity of seeds to temperatures below 10°C is an indication of recalcitrant nature. Seeds with 27% moisture content stored in polyethylene bags at 30°C / 80% RH retained their viability up to one year.
Selection of odor attractants and meat delivery methods to control Culpeo foxes (Pseudalopex culpaeus) in Patagonia

Predation by Culpeo foxes (Pseudalopex culpaeus) on newborn or young lambs is an old problem for Patagonian livestock producers and a major cause of decline in sheep ranch-ing in the region. Use of strychnine poison, offered in chicken eggs and pieces of meat but more often in sheep and wildlife carcasses, is the most widespread fox control method. However, the technique may potentially kill nontarget species, particularly scavenger birds and mammals. A desirable predator control method should present few or no hazards to nontarget animals. Our objectives were to: 1) select a scented bait that maximized visits by Culpeo foxes to bait stations and 2) select a method of delivery that minimized bait consumption by nontarget species. We simultaneously tested 3 scented meat baits and 3 ways of delivering the bait. Visitation rates to the different types of baits by Culpeo foxes did not differ (P>0.05) in any of 6 independent trials, and there were no differences in visitation rates to the different types of bait delivery stations by Culpeo or gray foxes (P. griseus) during 4 independent trials. Nevertheless, selectivity could be achieved by prebaiting and specific identification of fox tracks. Correctly identifying the fox species visiting the previous night provided a chance >0.5 to predict which species would next visit the site. The ability to predict species visitation was greater following 3 consecutive visits by the same species. Our results indicate that it is possible to selectively poison only one fox species.
Water and Ion Dynamics in Thin Water Films on LiCl Surfaces

ThermoChemical Materials (TCMs) can be used to produce heat batteries for seasonal heat storage. A promising category of TCMs are salt hydrates. These release heat during hydration and can be charged by heating them, resulting in dehydration. Previous experimental studies on these materials showed that the transition from the anhydrous crystal to a hydrated crystal takes place via an intermediate step. Water vapour is attracted to the salt and forms a thin film into which salt ions dissolve and subsequently recrystallisation into the hydrated crystal takes place. The dissolution of LiCl into films was studied by molecular-dynamics simulations. First, force fields available from literature were benchmarked. Subsequently, thin films containing various amounts of water were studied, focusing on the interactions they had with the salt crystal. The main results were: • The self-diffusion of water in films on the surface of LiCl crystals increases with the amount of water. • Water molecules at the crystal surface have a preferred orientation, with the oxygen atom being closest to the surface and near a lithium ion. • The time needed to dissolve ions depends on the surface geometry of the salt. No dissolution was observed on a flat surface within 50 ns. Stub systems showed the fastest dissolution, Ridge was slower and Dent the slowest. • The time needed to dissolve ions decreases with the amount of water in the films. • The occupancy of hydration shells changes with the total amount of water. • Self-diffusion of water is lowered by the presence of ions in the water film. The results provide more detailed information than can be experimentally gathered, contributing to the overall understanding of the hydration process of this TCM. For future study, it is advised to also look into the recrystallisation and the dehydration processes. Potassium carbonate is a promising material for use in heat batteries, but very little force field data is available in literature. It is therefore recommended to make a multi-scale study of this salt hydrate. Water and Ion Dynamics in Thin Water Films on LiCl Surfaces iii