Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of the complexity of ground surface in the flow through a spectral analysis of turbulent quantities in the stable boundary layer

Two micrometeorological towers located in the experimental site of Pedras Altas in the region of Pampa Gaucho were separated by a distance of about 500 m from each other, enabling a small scale horizontal variability, due to the complexity of the terrain. Such variability favors distinct contributions in the modes of flow. This work points out a relation between classes of maximum wind measured in the station of the top of the hill with obstructions provoked by the heterogeneity of the terrain. Through a spectral analysis it was possible to find encouraging results for future work, as the study shows a pertinent relation between non-turbulent low frequency motions with surface heterogeneity and how this implies in the horizontal and vertical turbulent velocity.
Abundances of Na, Mg and Al in nearby metal-poor stars

To determine the population membership of nearby stars we explore abundance results obtained for the light neutron- rich elements 23 Na and 27 Al in a small sample of moderately metal-poor stars. Spectroscopic observations are limited to the solar neighbourhood so that gravities can be determined from H parallaxes, and the results are confronted with those for a separate sample of more metal-poor typical halo stars. Following earlier investigations, the abundances of Na, Mg and Al have been derived from NLTE statistical equilibrium calculations used as input to line profile synthesis. Compared with LTE the abundances require systematic corrections, with typical values of +0.05 for (Mg/Fe), −0.1 for (Na/Fe) and +0.2 for (Al/Fe) in thick disk stars where (Fe/H) ∼− 0.6. In more metal-poor halo stars these values reach +0.1, −0.4, and +0.5, respectively, differences that can no longer be ignored. After careful selection of a clean subsample free from suspected or known binaries and peculiar stars, we find that (Na /Mg) and (Al/Mg), in combination with (Mg/Fe), space velocities and stellar evolutionary ages, make possible an individual discrimina- tion between thick disk and halo stars. At present, this evidence is limited by the small number of stars analyzed. We identify a gap at (Al/Mg) ∼− 0.15 and (Fe/H) ∼− 1.0 that isolates stars of the thick disk from those in the halo. A similar separation occurs at (Na/Mg) ∼− 0.4. We do not confirm the age gap between thin and thick disk found by Fuhrmann. Instead we find an age boundary between halo and thick disk stars, however, with an absolute value of 14 Gyr that must be considered as preliminary. While the stellar sample is by no means complete, the resulting abundances indicate the necessity to revise current models of chemical evolution and/or stellar nucleosynthesis to allow for an adequate production of neutron-rich species in early stellar generations.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIBER MATURITY AND MOISTURE CONTENT

Moisture and micronaire measurements were performed on 21 cotton samples exhibiting a range in genetic diversity and growing locations. A comparison of these results indicates that moisture content increases as a function of decreasing micronaire, suggesting a concomitant decrease in cellulose crystallinity. Determination of crystallinity indices by FTIR spectroscopy proved unable to distinguish between the upper and lower limit moisture samples due to the relative insensitivity of the method.
Identity Has Something To Do With Conflict And Its Resolution Among Adolesents

A randomly selected sample of 375 students (age range 18-29) from the different departments of University of Gujrat were chosen to explore the predictive aspect of social identification in relation to the conflict resolution strategies used by the adolescents to deal with their daily in-group and out-group problems. Two standardized questionnaires, 1) Social Identification Scale, and 2) Conflict Resolution Inventory, were used to assess the relationship between the two variables in which social identification was found to be significantly and positively relating and predicting the conflict solving styles of the students. However, insignificant demographic differences existed between the variables under study that in turn has highlighted imperative implications.
Development of transgenic cassava cultivars from Northeastern Brazil.

Following the establishment of a cyclic system of somatic embryogenesis, in excess of 20 independent friable embryogenic callus (FEC) lines originating from different embryogenic cycles were established when fragments of somatic embryos were cultured on GD medium containing 2% sucrose supplemented with 50μM picloram. Histodifferentiation of these embryogenic structures was achieved when the tissues were transferred to MS medium devoid of growth regulators or to a medium supplemented with NAA or 2, 4-D. Differentiation of the tissues demonstrated that somatic embryos can be recovered at the rate of 450 embryos per gram of FEC tissues over a period of six weeks. Histodifferentiation of the FEC resulted in malformed cotyledon-stage embryos, which when subjected to maturation, germination and organogenesis using three different strategies did not regenerate into plants. Histological cuttings of the embryogenic tissues confi rmed the malformation and absence of meristem. Up to 50mg L-1 of kanamycin is required to arrest embryogenic potential of green cotyledons from somatic embryos. While 50 to 60mg L-1 of paromomycin arrested the proliferation and histodifferentiation of FEC, 5mg L-1 of the antibiotic was suffi cient to arrest the proliferation of the cells in liquid medium. Particle bombardment of somatic cotyledons and FEC or FECderived embryogenic suspensions using the plasmid pBI426, showed that helium pressures of 900psi and 1,200psi can be used effectively to transform the tissues. Optimal conditions for transient expression of the gus visual marker gene were achieved when tissues were pre-cultured in a medium containing an equimolar mixture of mannitol and sorbitol at 0.2M and bombarded using tungsten particle. Introduction
Air Pollution Convergente and Economic Growth across European Countries

This paper analyses the role of macroeconomic performance in shaping the evolution of air pollutants in a panel of European countries from 1990 to 2000. The analysis is addressed in connection with EU environmental regulation and taking into account macroeconomic performance. We start by documenting the patterns of crosscountry differences among different pollutants. We then interpret these differences within a neoclassical growth model with pollution. Three main pieces of evidence are presented. First, we analyze the existence of convergence of pollution levels within European economies. Second, we rank countries according to its performance in terms of emissions and growth. Third, we evaluate the evolution of emissions in terms of the targets signed for 2010.
Morphological and molecular identification of pennate diatoms isolated from Urla, İzmir, coast of the Aegean Sea

Diatoms represent an important class of aquatic phototrophs. They are not only one of the major contributors to global carbon fixation, but they also play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of silica. Molecular identification methods based on conserved DNA sequences, such as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) have revolutionized our knowledge and understanding of conventional taxonomy. In this study, we aimed to compare the conventional identification methods with molecular identification methods. To do so, we isolated 4 diatom samples from the coast at Urla and characterized them using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to morphological features. Then we amplified ITS regions using a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced the PCR products, and analyzed the sequences using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the isolated species had high sequence similarity to Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, Achnanthes taeniata, Amphora coffeaeformis, and Cylindrotheca closterium. We think that molecular identification methods enable rapid and more reliable identification of diatom species and are crucial for monitoring harmful algal blooms.
Negative Impact of Hrm Complementarity on Knowledge Transfer in Mncs

This paper explores reasons for negative complementarity among HRM practices. It is built upon the premise that there are certain HRM practices influencing extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of knowledge receivers. If those HRM practices are applied in a complementary way, their impact on knowledge-related outcomes will result in crowding effect of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and be negative. Hypotheses derived from these arguments are tested on the data from 92 subsidiaries of Danish multinational corporations located in 11 countries.
A Case Study of School-Linked, Collective Parent Engagement

This article explores the social processes and outcomes associated with a school-linked, community-based program that successfully engages Latino parents and children in a low-income school community. Framed by an ethnographic, embedded case study design, the authors collected data from 32 Latino parents. The findings detail parents’ experiences when first entering the neighborhood and how these experiences shape their engagement with other parents in the program and neighborhood community. We conclude that efforts engaging low-income parents as communities of practice hold special promise for reducing barriers to children’s learning, especially when school leaders, community-based organizations, and social researchers leverage their resources and capital in ways that support parents’ efforts, insights, and aspirations.
Influence of plankton community structure on the contribution of bacterial production to metazooplankton in a coastal mesocosm

To understand energy passing from bacterial production to metazooplankton in an aquatic ecosystem, the relative significance of bacterial and photosynthetic production as carbon sources for metazooplankton was determined in a 14 d coastal mesocosm experiment, using frequent in situ batch incubations with dissolved organic and inorganic 13 C tracers. The contribution ratio (CR) of bacterial to photosynthetic production as metazooplankton food resources fluctuated from 6 to 41 %, according to successional changes in the plankton community structure in the mesocosm, The lowest CR (6%) occurred when nato-sized autotrophs were highly abundant and appendicularians Oikopleura sp. , which are capable of ingesting only pico- to nato-sized particles, increased rapidly. After these small autotrophs disappeared, the CR increased to 30-40%, suggesting that the appendicularians were supported largely by bacterial production at that time. When the metazooplankton consisted mainly of copepods, the CR reached about 10% despite the relatively low ratio (ca 15%) of net bacterial community production to photosynthesis; also, the copepods would have been able to exploit bacterial production only through intermediaries such as bacterivorous protists. In this period with copepods dominant, Gymnodinium mikimotoi was the dominant autotroph and might have been a main source of prey for grazers. However, copepods avoid this dinoflagellate, as often reported. Consequently, not much of the autotrophic production of the dinoflagellate might have been ingested by the copepods. We conducted that nato-sized autotrophs and herbivorous protists were likely to be the main suppliers of photosynthetic production for copepods, as nato-sized bacterivores were the suppliers of bacterial production. These findings suggest that bacterial production and the carbon pathway, i.e. a microbial loop, are not always the terminus of organic carbon flow in food webs, but can be an integral component of the food pool for metazooplankton in the coastal environment.
Uplifts formation features in continental collision structures (evolution modeling)

The investigation of collision structures is conducted based on the complex model of the thermal and mechanical evolution of overthrusting process for the rheologically layered lithosphere, which includes brittle upper crust and the lower crust and lithospheric upper mantle with different effective viscosity values. Finite element models with Lagrangian approach were used for the problem simulation. Horizontal shortening leads to the upper crust overthrusting along the fault zone, additional loading to the lower layers which is redistributed in the process of erosion of the uplift. These processes are compensated by ductile flow at the level of the lower crust and the upper mantle. The results of modeling of collision belts evolution during and after the convergence process have been compared for main governing parameters: shortening velocity (strain rate), viscosity contrast, erosion rate and dip angle of thrusting. The calculations with different erosion rates (0.25–5 mm/yr) show that this process has a weak effect on the postcollisional uplift evolution, which is governed mainly by the viscosity values of the lower crust and lithosphere upper mantle and initial geometry of the structure. But denudation results in surface exposure of metamorphic sequences, typical for thrust faults.
Genetic divergence among East Icelandic and Faroese populations of Atlantic cod provides evidence for historical imprints at neutral and non-neutral markers

Pampoulie, C. , Steingrund, P., Stefansson, M. O. , and Danielsdottir, A. K. 2008. Genetic divergence among East Icelandic and Faroese populations of Atlantic cod provides evidence for historical imprints at neutral and non-neutral markers. - ICES Journal of marine Science, 65: 65-71.During the past decade, genetic markers have been used increasingly to improve stock discrimination and to aid fisheries management. Today, the Icelandic and Faroese Plateau cod (Gadus morhua) are managed as separate units, belonging to ICES Subareas Va and Vb1, respectively. There is little information on the genetic connectivity of the two units, however, except in terms of tagging experiments which revealed limited adult migration between the two areas, and few genetic studies describing genetic differentiation among Faroese and East Icelandic cod. Here, previously published data on the genetic structure of Icelandic cod were combined with new data from the Faroe Plateau to assess the level and the source of genetic variability of Atlantic cod around the Iceland-Faroe Ridge and the potential sources of genetic variation. In all, 771 cod were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci and at the Pantophysin locus (Pan I). The genetic markers employed were congruent and showed that South Icelandic and East Icelandic-Faroese Plateau populations have limited genetic connectivity. Diversifying selection associated with restricted gene flow is likely to explain the observed pattern with the Pan I locus. Further analyses detected historical imprints in the microsatellite data, suggesting that the divergence could be due to isolation of different cod populations during the last glacial maximum.
The Influence of Organizational Culture, Working Environment and Educational Training on Motivation and Performance of Government Employees at West Kutai Regency East Kalimanatan

This study was conducted at Secretariat Office of West Kutai Regency, which is consistent with the study method known as purposive sampling or deliberately on 9 existing sections at West Kutai Regency Secretariat. The objectives of the study were to analyze and assess the influence of organizational culture on working motivation and employees’ performance at West Kutai Regency Secretariat. The method used in this research was normality test of statistical test results with Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test using SPSS program release 11. When p > 0.05 for all variables of sample data, it means that the data are distributed normally. Based on the results of normality test, if the data are distributed normally, thus the analysis can be used in parametric statistics. Technical Analysis Model in this study used SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis which supported by AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) program version 1.6. Basically, a complete SEM modeling consists of a measurement model and structural model. The results showed that (1) there was no significant effect between Educational Training (X3) and Working Motivation (Y1). It indicated that regardless the value of Educational Training, it will give no effect on the level of Working Motivation. (2) There was no significant effect between Organizational Culture (X1) and Working Motivation (Y1). It means that regardless the value of Organizational Culture, it will give no effect on the level of Working Motivation. (3) There was significant effect between Working Environment (X2) and Working Motivation (Y1). Positive coefficient indicated positive correlation. It indicated the higher value of Working Environment, the better value of Working Motivation would be gained. (4) There was significant correlation between Working Motivation (Y1) and Performance (Y2). A positive coefficient showed positive correlation. It indicated the higher value of Working Motivation, the better value of Performance would be gained. (5) There was significant correlation between Educational Training (X3) and Performance (Y2). Positive coefficient showed positive correlation. It indicated the higher value of Educational Training, the better value of Performance would be gained. (6) There was no significant correlation between Working Environment (X2) and Performance (Y2). It regardless the value of Working Environment, it gave no effect to the value of performance. (7) There was no significant correlation between Organizational Culture (X1) and Performance (Y2). It indicated regardless the value of Organizational Culture, it gave no effect on the value of Performance. Keywords : organizational culture, working environment, motivation.
Fibrous Ferrocement Composite with PVC-coated Weld Mesh and Bar-chip Polyolefin Fibers

This research is on Fiber Reinforced Ferrocement (FRF) composites using a new combination of two non-corrosive reinforcing materials, namely the PVC-coated steel weld mesh and synthetic barchip (polyolefin) fibers. A low-velocity impact study was conducted on 250 mm square fibrous ferrocement slab elements of 25 mm thick reinforced with PVC-coated weld mesh (III to V layers) and barchip olefin fibers (0.5%- 2.5% of volume of specimens). The energy absorbed by the FRF slabs was found to be higher than that of plain ferrocement slabs (cast with PVC mesh only). The impact energy increases with increase in the number of mesh layers, and also increases with increase in percentage of barchip fibers from 0.5% to 2.5%. The initial and final crack-width reduce on increasing the proportion of polyolefin fibers in FRF slabs.
Implementation of Polyvynil-Alcohol Mixed With Nano-Particles as a Near Representation of Biological Tissue: Ultrasonic and Photo- Thermal Study

We present experimental results related to the manufacturing of phantoms based on polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) mixedwith SiO2, graphite and Ag nanoparticles. These phantoms are dummy representations of the human tissue of thebreast gland. We focus our attention on the representation of the optical and the mechanical properties of the actualbiological healthy tissue and of that representing a hidden cancer tumor (lesion). The quality of the samples is testedby ultrasonic imaging and laser induced photothermal (PT) detection technique. From the former test, the mechanicalcontrast that one can achieve is apparent. Instead, the laser detection technique makes it possible to determine thatthe optical contrast is achievable. For the laser induced PT method we register the so-called photothermal amplitudes,rather known as photoacoustic (PA) signals. These are the ultimate expression of laser-induced bursts ofphotothermal processes, whose engine is the fraction of the optically absorbed energy that decays through nonradiativechannels. In our case we look for the conditions at which the PT phenomena are produced by a hiddendummy-tumor alone; meaning that the output signals are nearly free from substantial contributions from the bulk of thephantom. This is so as to mimic the actual mechanical and optical absorption performance of breast tissue with aninner cancer tumor. From the ultrasound images one can see how apparent the resemblance with the actual humantissue is.
How to Promote Knowledge Sharing among EVC Members? — Based on Interactive Perspective of Modified TAM Model

Compared with traditional learning methods, Educational virtual community has the incomparable advantage of knowledge diffusion with high efficiency and wide range. It is conductive to the knowledge acquisition and innovation of learners, and it provides a platform for learners to change their roles from the passive recipient of information to the main participant of knowledge acquisition. Based on the interactions between users’ personal, technical and organizational characteristics, a modified technology acceptance model was presented in this paper to explain the willingness and behavior of knowledge sharing in EVC in order to propose and validate the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and psychological ownership on the willingness and behavior of knowledge sharing. In this research, the methods of interviewing and questionnaires with 40 questions included have adopted and 334 members from 32 educational virtual communities were surveyed. Based on the 326 valid samples, the hypothesis of research be tested with software SPSS 22.0 by structural equation model. Empirical research found that: Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use has remarkable positive impact on knowledge sharing willingness, and perceived usefulness with greater function can significantly promote perceived ease of use; psychological ownership can affect not only the knowledge sharing behavior through the knowledge sharing willingness, but also the behavior directly; the knowledge sharing willingness plays a fully mediating role between perceived usefulness and knowledge sharing behavior, while there exist the significant mediating effects between perceived ease of use and knowledge sharing behavior, and between psychological ownership and knowledge sharing behavior. Based on the conclusion of this research, the interactions between different factors should be taken into account in order to advance the willingness and behavior of knowledge sharing among EVC members and the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and psychological ownership level of community members should be proactively promoted.
Challenges and Opportunities for Women in Distance Education Management Positions: Experiences from the Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU)

Abstract Concerns about women under-representation in positions of decision making, strategic planning, organizational development and their performance within distance education institutions has been the major focus of debates in higher education. The current study sought to investigate the challenges faced by women in distance education management positions, which were formerly dominated by males. The qualitative study examined and analysed the social, economic, traditional, political and religious factors influencing the degree of women advancement in Open Distance Learning (ODL) senior management positions. Data was collected through face to face interviews with one hundred and twenty staff members employed at the Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) using the purposive sampling technique. The major finding from the study was that women in senior management positions were affected by their multiple responsibilities which include the gendered nature of society, family influences and culture. The study recommends the holding of open and honest discussion forums on gender and equal rights issues involving both men and women and the development of family friendly culture in universities.