Efeito da qualidade e complexidade da matéria orgânica dissolvida de origem fitoplanctônica na diversidade e atividade de comunidades bacterianas

6 Capítulo 1 Effect of Quantity and Complexity of Dissolved Organic Matter on Freshwater Bacterioplankton Citometric Diversity . 18 . 31 Figure 2: Shannon-Wiener and Pielou’s equitability diversity index. a) ShannonWiener values for full data set; b) Pielou’s equitability index for full data set; c) High Quantity level Shannon-Wiener index. d) Low Quantity level Shannon-Wiener index. 35 . 35 . 36 Figure 3: NMDS representation of beta diversity between samples, assessed as Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix. Light blue ellipses depict time samplings and are not drawn based in statistical analysis. Green symbols are High quantity treatments, blue symbols are Low quantity treatments; red triangles are biological controls. Filled circle = C. obovata DOM quality; Filled triangles = Control; Filled squares = M. aeruginosa DOM quality; Cross = Mixed DOM quality. 36 Figure 4: nMDS representation of spectral absorbance characteristics of DOM. (a) Full that set; (b) High quantity treatments, with light blue encircling depicting sampling time; (c) Low quantity treatments, with red encircling indicating the group formed with CO and MX quality levels. CO = Cryptomonas obovata; MA = Microcystis aeruginosa; MX = Mixed DOM. 39 Capítulo 2 Cryopreservation of Whole Heterotrophic Bacterial Communities: Effect of Natural Dissolved Organic Matter Medium Amendments to the Recovery of Structure and Activity of Resuscitated Communities* . 59 Figure 1: Growth curves of experiment 1. Cell abundances in cell mL and error bars with the standard variation between triplicates. a) frozen absolute initial cell abundance of 1,48 x10. b) frozen absolute initial cell abundances of 2,05 x10. 77 Figure 2: Principal Coordinates Analysis representation of the similarities between original and cryopreserved and re-grown samples from Canet and SOLA. S = SOLA communities and C = Canet communities, resuscitated and cultured in ASW media with S = SOLA DOM extract at 0.1 of ‘complete’ amount. SW = SOLA cryopreserved community resuscitated and cultured in filtered seawater from SOLA. S_initial = original SOLA community; C_Initial = original Canet community. 82 Figure 3: Bargraphs depicting relative abundances of organisms pooled by orders. S_initial = original SOLA community; SS = SOLA community cultured in ASW medium with SOLA DOM amendment; SW = SOLA community cultured in filtered sea water from SOLA site; C_Initial = original Canet community; CS = Canet community cultured in ASW medium amended with SOLA DOM. 83 Figure 4: Alpha diversity of resuscitated communities in comparison to their original communities. Left panel depicts the observed richness. Right panel depicts the Reciprocal Simpson index for these same communities. S_initial = original SOLA community; SS = SOLA community cultured in ASW medium with SOLA DOM amendment; SW = SOLA community cultured in filtered sea water from SOLA site; C_Initial = original Canet community; CS = Canet community cultured in ASW medium amended with SOLA DOM. 84 Figure 5: Dendrogram of samples using data from the ARISA fingerprinting technique. SOLA_1 = SOLA original community; First = first membranes to undergo the cryopreservation protocol as soon as the sample arrived. Last = last membranes to undergo cryopreservation protocol, approximately 7.5 hour after the First membranes. 87 Figure 6: Growth curves of cryopreserved and resuscitated communities. Before the underline on the legend, C = Canet, S = SOLA and SC = SOLA + Canet, for communities. After underline on the legend, M = Mixed DOM (SOLA + BalticSea) and S = SOLA DOM, for DOM amendment. All treatments were cultured in ASW medium with DOM amendment. 89 Figure 7: Principal Coordinates Analysis using Morisita-Horn distance of abundance of ASV (amplicon sequence variant). 92