Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A generic representation of supply network resilience using simulation based experimentation

ABSTRACT This paper presents a generic representation of supply network resilience implemented using Agent-Based Modelling and Simulation (ABMS) and simulation experiments. The representation captures the relationships between tactical and strategic decisions and their impact on the performance of multi-echelon networks under supply uncertainty. This representation expands practitioners’ understanding of the behaviour of their supply chains by using the Supply Chain Operations Reference model processes and performance metrics and developing a simulation model that can be adapted to a firm’s unique supply structure (sourcing strategy) and its product’s technological assembly order (Bill of Materials). To demonstrate the applicability and usability of the proposed representation, a case with single and dual sourcing network structures was analysed under disruptions of operational and strategic nature. The example demonstrates the flexibility and functionality of the proposed representation to understand the performance and resilience of multi-echelon networks under a wide range of disruptive scenarios.
Sensitivity Characterization of Multi-Band THz Metamaterial Sensor for Possible Virus Detection

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has shown that there is a substantial need for high-precision reliable diagnostic tests able to detect extremely low virus concentrations nearly instantaneously. Since conventional methods are fairly limited, there is a need for an alternative method such as THz spectroscopy with the utilization of THz metamaterials. This paper proposes a method for sensitivity characterization, which is demonstrated on two chosen multi-band THz metamaterial sensors and samples of three different subtypes of the influenza A virus. Sensor models have been simulated in WIPL-D software in order to analyze their sensitivity both graphically and numerically around all resonant peaks in the presence of virus samples. The sensor with a sandwiched structure is shown to be more suitable for detecting extremely thin virus layers. The distribution of the electric field for this sensor suggests a possibility of controlling the two resonant modes independently. The sensor with cross-shaped patches achieves significantly better Q-factors and refractive sensitivities for both resonant peaks. The reasoning can be found in the wave–sample interaction enhancement due to the better electromagnetic field confinement. A high Q-factor of around 400 at the second resonant frequency makes the sensor with cross-shaped patches a promising candidate for potential applications in THz sensing.
Low carbon domestic refurbishment in the UK social housing sector : a survey of attitudes, readiness and adoption

The buildings sector has been identified as being capable of delivering sizable efficiency savings from not only its current practices regarding new build but also in retrofitting the existing built stock. Indeed, there are more than 27 million homes in the UK, each contributing an average 5.1 tonnes of CO2 emissions per annum. The social housing sector represents 18% of the total UK housing stock, approximately 4.7 million homes and has an existing supply chain already active in maintaining and refurbishing homes in a way that is acceptable to the occupant; thus presenting an ideal starting point to build on the embryonic UK sustainable retrofit market. To date, pilot projects have identified technical solutions, but the problem of how to deliver the required number of retrofitted properties at scale remains. This thesis investigates the sectors attitudes, readiness and adoption with regards to sustainable retrofit as well as how to address the need to deliver at scale in a way that is affordable, acceptable and assured in terms of performance. There is an evident willingness amongst Registered Providers to take action and lead the housing sector as a whole but also some fundamental challenges, including restricted financial resources, budgetary constraints, split incentives, and under-developed retrofit supply chains. Addressing all of these facets is not insurmountable provided the sector fully embraces the challenge and begins to address the delivery process as a whole. The policy, process, people and technology issues interlink and, as such, require a coordinated response. Registered Providers must therefore realise a shared internal understanding of what the intended outcomes from sustainable retrofit are, identify how they relate to the overall business plan and then resource the development of new protocols and processes that help to guide the supply chain and enable high quality retrofit to be delivered at scale.
Planning methods for a national single frequency network for DAB

The transmission system developed within Eureka 147 for DAB is known as coded orthogonal frequency division multiplex (COFDM). By dividing the digital data amongst a very large number of low bit rate carriers the COFDM system provides a very high degree of tolerance towards multipath interference. It follows from this that a national network of cochannel transmitters can be developed such that not only do neighbouring transmitters cause mutual interference but can combine in a constructive manner. This is the principle of the single frequency network (SFN). The paper describes the structure and operation of the computerised prediction methods developed by the BBC for the modelling and planning of COFDM single frequency networks, and presents some of the results obtained to date. >
Developing a Teacher Cognition on ICT Instrument: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Teachers' cognition (knowledge, belief, attitude, and self-efficacy) regarding ICT in ELT needs to be revealed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their perspective and understanding of incorporating ICT into their everyday instructional activities. This study aims to create Teacher Cognition on ICT (TC-ICT) scales that can be used to assess their cognition level. The paper describes the processes of building the instrument, from domain definition and delimitation to instrument construction. This survey research used an online questionnaire to collect data from 54 respondents and then conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the results. The validity of the 68 items with a loading factor of more than 6.0 and the AVE score exceeded 5.0 was confirmed by the study. Furthermore, all five factors (knowledge of ICT, belief in ICT, attitude toward ICT, ICT self-efficacy, and ICT perceived use in ELT) had a composite reliability value of better than 0.7. As a result, all indicators used to measure the variables were found to be reliable. Furthermore, all variables' Cronbach's Alpha values were better than 0.6. Thus, the instrument items were shown to be valid and reliable in assessing the essential variables, and they may be utilized in teacher cognition dimensions and scales studies.
Comprehensive Analysis of Enhancer RNAs Identifies LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 as Novel Prognostic Biomarkers in Uveal Melanoma

Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) have emerged as key players in the pathology of several tumors, including uveal melanoma. Here, we aimed to explore the prognostic values of eRNAs in uveal melanoma (UVM) patients. The expressing data and survival data of UVM patients were downloaded from TCGA and GSE22138 datasets. The Kaplan-Meier methods with the log-rank test were applied to screen survival-related eRNAs in UVM. GEPIA was applied to analyze the associations between expressions of eRNA and disease-free survival. KEGG assays were applied to explore the potential signaling pathways of the key eRNA. The prognostic values of eRNAs were further explored by multivariate assays by the R package survival. The eRNAs were validated in pan-cancer. In this study, we identified 89 survival-related eRNAs in UVM based on TCGA datasets. Based on GSE22138 datasets, we found 27 survival-related eRNAs in UVM. Only two eRNAs (LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1) were overlapped in both two datasets. The results of multivariate analysis revealed that both LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 were independent prognostic factors in UVM patients. The pan-cancer validation results further confirmed the prognostic values of LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 in eight tumors. Overall, we identified two novel UVM-related eRNAs, LINC00689 and ELFN1-AS1 which may serve as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers of UVM patients for clinical decision-making.
Collocated Measurements of Light‐Absorbing Organic Carbon in PM2.5: Observation Uncertainty and Organic Tracer‐Based Source Apportionment

In this study, collocated filter samples of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) from northern Nanjing were extracted using water and methanol, followed by analysis of light absorption. A backup quartz filter was used to correct sampling artifacts caused by adsorption of gaseous organics. The collocated precision of light‐absorbing properties of water‐soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and methanol‐extractable organic carbon (MEOC) were parameterized using correlation coefficient (r), coefficient of divergence (COD), and average relative percent difference (ARPD, %). In general, the light absorption of WSOC and MEOC showed good agreement (r > 0.80, COD < 0.20) between collocated samples. Performing artifact correction is necessary and will increase the heterogeneity between collocated measurements. The duplicate‐derived ARPD values of MEOC absorption were more than 60% higher than those of WSOC absorption. Then, it would be inappropriate to assume a uniform uncertainty fraction (e.g., ∼10%) for WSOC and MEOC absorption in future studies on their climate effects and source apportionment. To apportion artifact‐corrected absorption of aerosol extracts to specific emission sources or formation pathways, positive matrix factorization was performed by using concentration data of selected bulk species and organic molecular markers. Among the nine identified factor/sources, the biomass burning factor had the highest average contributions to the absorption of both WSOC (31.6%) and MEOC (48.0%), followed by dust resuspension and coal combustion factors. Unlike combustion‐related primary emissions, the factors containing influences from atmospheric processing (e.g., secondary nitrate) contributed more fractions of WSOC absorption than MEOC absorption.
Structures of adnominal possession in Austria’s traditional dialects: Variation and change

Abstract By means of the first comprehensive apparent-time study of Austria’s traditional dialects, this paper explores the use of adnominal syntactic constructions of expressing the semantic relation of possession. The article focuses on both the geographical variation and the interplay of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The analyses are based on data from direct recordings of 162 speakers from forty villages and on written questionnaire data from 103 of these speakers from thirty-seven villages. The analyses reveal clear geographical patterns for those constructions in which the possessor phrase precedes the possessum phrase within the entire construction. We propose to focus on the discursive-pragmatic properties of the possessor phrase to explain the fact that each of the observed dialects allows the possessor to precede the possessum. We provide evidence that referential anchoring, combined with the concept of accessibility, is the key to explaining the syntactic order within the used constructions.
A Comparison of Dietary Patterns and Factors Influencing Food Choice among Ethnic Groups Living in One Locality: A Systematic Review

Globally, the number of minority ethnic groups in high-income countries is increasing. However, despite this demographic change, most national food consumption surveys are not representative of ethnically diverse populations. In consequence, many ethnic minorities’ dietary intakes are underreported, meaning that accurate analysis of food intake and nutrient status among these groups is not possible. This systematic review aims to address these gaps and understand differences in dietary intakes and influencers of dietary habits of ethnic groups worldwide. A systematic search was conducted through three databases (Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus) and manual searches, generating n = 56,647 results. A final search of these databases was completed on 13 September 2021, resulting in a total of 49 studies being included in this review. Overall, food group intakes—particularly fruit, vegetable and fish intake—and diet quality scores were seen to differ between ethnicities. Overall Black/African American groups were reported to be among the poorest consumers of fruit and vegetables, whilst Asian groups achieved high diet quality scores due to higher fish intakes and lower fat intakes compared to other groups. Limited data investigated how nutrient intakes, dietary and meal patterns compared between groups, meaning that not all aspects of dietary intake could be compared. Socioeconomic status and food availability appeared to be associated with food choice of ethnic groups, however, confounding factors should be considered more closely. Future work should focus on comparing nutrient intakes and meal patterns between ethnicities and investigate potential targeted interventions which may support adherence to food-based dietary guidelines by all ethnic groups.
Ultrafast Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI of the Breast: How Is It Used?

Ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced (UF-DCE) MRI is a new approach to capture kinetic information in the very early post-contrast period with high temporal resolution while keeping reasonable spatial resolution. The detailed timing and shape of the upslope in the time–intensity curve are analyzed. New kinetic parameters obtained from UF-DCE MRI are useful in differentiating malignant from benign lesions and in evaluating prognostic markers of the breast cancers. Clinically, UF-DCE MRI contributes in identifying hypervascular lesions when the background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is marked on conventional dynamic MRI. This review starts with the technical aspect of accelerated acquisition. Practical aspects of UF-DCE MRI include identification of target hypervascular lesions from marked BPE and diagnosis of malignant and benign lesions based on new kinetic parameters derived from UF-DCE MRI: maximum slope (MS), time to enhance (TTE), bolus arrival time (BAT), time interval between arterial and venous visualization (AVI), and empirical mathematical model (EMM). The parameters derived from UF-DCE MRI are compared in terms of their diagnostic performance and association with prognostic markers. Pitfalls of UF-DCE MRI in the clinical situation are also covered. Since UF-DCE MRI is an evolving technique, future prospects of UF-DCE MRI are discussed in detail by citing recent evidence. The topic covers prediction of treatment response, multiparametric approach using DWI-derived parameters, evaluation of tumor-related vessels, and application of artificial intelligence for UF-DCE MRI. Along with comprehensive literature review, illustrative clinical cases are used to understand the value of UF-DCE MRI.
3D VISION SYSTEM FOR THE RECOGNITION OF FREE PARKING SITE LOCATION

This paper describes a novel stereo vision based localization of free parking site, which recognizes the target position of automatic parking system. Pixel structure classification and feature based stereo matching extract the 3D information of parking site in real time. The pixel structure represents intensity configuration around a pixel and the feature based stereo matching uses step-by-step investigation strategy to reduce computational load. This paper considers only parking site divided by marking, which is generally drawn according to relevant standards. Parking site marking is separated by plane surface constraint and is transformed into bird’s eye view, on which template matching is performed to determine the location of parking site. Obstacle depth map, which is generated from the disparity of adjacent vehicles, can be used as the guideline of template matching by limiting search range and orientation. Proposed method using both the obstacle depth map and the bird’s eye view of parking site marking increases operation speed and robustness to visual noise by effectively limiting search range.
Aerie: Distributing File System Functionality for Direct Access to Storage-Class Memory

Storage-class memory technologies such as phase-change memory and memristors present a radically different interface to storage than existing block devices. As a result, they provide a unique opportunity to re-examine storage architectures. We find that the existing kernel-based stack of components, well suited for disks, unnecessarily limits the design and implementation of file systems for this new technology. We present Aerie, a flexible file-system architecture that exposes storage-class memory to user-mode programs so they can read and write data without kernel interaction but maintain the sharing and protection features of file systems. Aerie can implement a generic POSIX-like file system with performance similar to or better than a kernel implementation. The main benefit of Aerie, though, comes from enabling applications to optimize the file system for their specific needs. An application may access storage through an interface or data layout suited to its workload. As a concrete example, we demonstrate a specialized file system that reduces a hierarchical file system abstraction to a key/value store with fewer consistency guarantees but lower access latency. We find that a POSIX-style file system on Aerie performs 35% better than ext3 over SCM and only 15% worse than a kernel file system without crash consistency. A specialized design enabled by Aerie improves performance by 30-86% over a kernel file system for its workload.
ATLAS and CMS virtual visits: Bringing cutting edge science into the classroom and beyond

Advances in information and communications technologies (ICTs) has given rise to innovative use of web-based video tools for global communication, enhancing the impact of large research facilities and their Outreach and Education programmes. One such example involves videoconferences to schools and remote events around the globe, known as Virtual Visits, conducted by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN. The goal of these programmes is to help the public and especially young people engage and understand how science works in the field of particle physics, through direct dialogue between ATLAS/CMS scientists and remote audiences.Both experiments enhanced the Virtual Visits concept in different ways but with the same objective, which is to break geographical barriers, allowing more people to enter the world of science, physics and particle physics, and to support local education and outreach activities. Both experiments have hosted virtual visits by thousands of people from all seven continents, with participants connecting from locations such as Kathmandu to Rio de Janeiro, Ghana to Riyadh, and also the South Pole. Audiences included mainly high-school students and their teachers but also policy makers and the general public. This talk gives an overview of the educational, technical and organizational aspects of both programmes, with their unique added value. We also present feedback collected from the participants, followed by recommendations for the future development envisaging creating sustainable tools. Presented at EPS-HEP 2015 European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics 2015 ATLAS and CMS Virtual Visits: Bringing Cutting Edge Science into the Classroom and Beyond Marzena Lapka1 (on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations) The CMS Experiment, CERN CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E-mail: Marzena.Lapka@cern.ch ATLAS Virtual Visits Team: Steven Goldfarb The ATLAS Experiment, University of Michigan CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E-mail: Steven . Goldfarb@cern.ch Lucie Aguirre The ATLAS Experiment, CERN CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E-mail: Lucie . Aguirre@cern.ch Ewan Hill The ATLAS Experiment, University of Victoria Victoria, Canada E-mail: Ewan.Chin. Hill @cern.ch Claire Adam-Bourdarios The ATLAS Experiment, Laboratoire de l'Accelerateur Lineaire CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E-mail: Claire . Bourdarios@cern.ch CMS Virtual Visits Team: Angelos Alexopoulos The CMS Experiment, CERN CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E-mail: Angelos.Alexpoulos@cern.ch Noemi Beni The CMS Experiment, ATOMKI, Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E-mail: Noemi.Beni@cern.ch
Simplified Numerical Simulation in Concrete Multi-phase Mixing Drum Based on Quasi-fluid-solid Two-fluid Model

To simulate concrete composed of fluid-solid multi-phase-flow,a simplified numerical simulation based on quasi-fluid-solid two-fluid model is put forward.It regards the particulate matter in concrete(stones and gravel) as quasi-fluid-flow.Based on the Euler-Euler model,each phase has its own momentum equation and continuity equation.The coupling coefficient of each phase is solved through pressure,volume exchange coefficient and surface coefficient and the simplified numerical simulation in concrete multi-phase mixing drum is realized.In the numerical mixing drum design process,this method provides a quantized,visualized design model for improving the mixing performance.By the test,the model proves sound indirectly.
State Estimation and Application of the Hitch Angle of a Semitrailer Train Under Full Working Conditions Based on Multimodel Information Fusion

Considering that the traditional estimation method for the hitch angle of a semitrailer train easily fails in high-speed driving and reversing conditions, this study theoretically determines that the root cause is the nonlinear disturbance. Moreover, this study analyzes the difference in nonlinear disturbance produced by a state estimator under two conditions. The criteria for the nonlinear disturbance of the estimator are determined on the basis of the analysis. With such criteria and different types of nonlinear disturbance, an estimation strategy for multimodel information fusion under all working conditions is proposed to accurately estimate the classification of forward low-speed, high-speed, and reverse conditions. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the proposed state estimation algorithm, which improves the accuracy at a low speed and the antinoise capability of high-speed driving and reversing. The estimation strategy for different speeds and ranges of the hitch angle is simulated and verified through the cosimulation of TruckSim and MATLAB/Simulink. Lastly, the state estimation strategy is used in the application layer to design a model predictive linear reversing controller for a semitrailer train to verify the improvement of the control effect of the estimation strategy. Simulation results show that the proposed multimodel information fusion estimation strategy can accurately estimate the hitch angle under all working conditions and greatly improve the control effect of linear reversing trajectory tracking of a semitrailer train in the application layer.