Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient approach for binocular vision-SLAM

This paper presents an approach to binocular vision simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) algorithm is used to extract the Natural landmarks. But SIFT algorithm is complicated and computation time is long. Firstly, the linear combination of cityblock distance and chessboard distance is comparability measurement; secondly, partial features are used to matching. SLAM is completed by fusing the information of SIFT features and robot information with EKF. Mahalanobisis distance is used in data association which solve the problem that the scale of data association increase with the map grows in process of SLAM . The simulation experiment indicate that the proposed method reduce computational complexity, and with high localization precision in indoor environments.
Knowledge Management for Collaborative Learning

Abstract : The power of e-Learning lies in the flexibility and control that learners are able to exercise over the learning process. Collaborative learning systems allow individuals and groups to manage the progression of teaching and learning in a way that fits the abilities and skills of participants. By empowering learners with the ability to direct their learning, supported by their peers in a collaborative setting, learning becomes more effective and enjoyable. The term ‘knowledge management’ refers to the process of continually gathering, filtering, and distributing, sharing and analyzing information. knowledge management will be highly beneficial in Collaborative Learning Systems and Learning Management Systems as it facilitates the dissemination and gathering of relevant information and allows learners to build on the knowledge and experience gained by their peers. In this paper we present a knowledge management framework for collaborative learning that builds on a scalable Peer-to-Peer infrastructure based on our own collaborative middleware.
Synthèse vocale par sélection linguistiquement orientée d'unités non-uniformes : LiONS

Ce papier presente un nouveau systeme de synthese vocale a partir du texte, base sur la selection d'unites non-uniformes. Actuellement, les systemes de synthese utilisent des modeles prosodiques ce qui ne permet pas a la prosodie de varier autant que l'on puisse l'esperer, impliquant ainsi une perte de confort d'ecoute. Notre systeme possede l'avantage d'eviter le recours a un modele prosodique. La selection d'unites de parole est conduite a partir d'un ensemble de caracteristiques exclusivement linguistiques obtenues par analyse du langage naturel. Nous presentons aussi une methode originale de ponderation automatique de ces caracteristiques. Au final, les unites selectionnees ne sont pas restreintes par une prosodie pre-determinee. Les caracteristiques linguistiques ont prouve leur efficacite : nous obtenons une prosodie variee et la concatenation des unites est realisee quasiment sans traitement du signal. || This paper presents a new Non-Uniform Units selection-based Text-To-Speech synthesizer. Nowadays, systems use prosodic models that do not allow the prosody to vary as far as we should hope, involving a listening comfort degradation. Our system has the ad
Sketch Based Image Retrieval – A Short Survey

In the last two decades, there has been a lot of growth in digital media to search and retrieve images. This demands an effective and user friendly methods to fetch images from large databases. To cater to this need, sketch based image retrieval methods are developed from traditional Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). The objective of this paper is to compare the various techniques in retrieving images from database using sketch.The output obtained and the efficiency calculated for various methods have been analyzed. This comparison of efficiencies will help in concluding the efficient method for sketch based image retrieval. Keywords-Distance Transform, Image Retrieval, Canny edge Detection, Filters, Sketch.
FDTD computation of temperature rise in realistic head models simulating adult and infant for 1.5-GHz microwave exposure

The temperature rise of the human head exposed to 1.5-GHz microwaves at the safety standard level (1 mW/cm2) in the general environment is computed by the FDTD method for a realistic adult model developed by the authors and an infant size model obtained by reducing the adult model. The temperature rise for the head in thermal equilibrium is attained from a nonuniform initial temperature distribution in the head, taking into consideration the external temperature. It is found that the peak values in all tissues are higher in the adult model than in the infant model. In the adult model, the maximum is reached in the eyeballs (0.07 °C), while in the infant model, the maximum occurs in the muscle (0.055 °C). The tissue average of the temperature rise is higher in the infant model than in the adult model except for the eyeballs. In particular, the average value (0.0058 °C) of the temperature rise in the brain tissue is lower than the peak value by almost one order of magnitude and is three times higher than the average value in the adult. The latter result is caused by the hot spot of SAR as a heat source generated inside the head. It is found that a hot spot appears in the inhomogeneous realistic head model of infant size. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 84(4): 57–66, 2001
Information Extraction Techniques in Different Application Domains

Information extraction is the process of extracting relevant information from documents in the internet. Information must be most relevant to the query which is given by the user. Information extraction can be useful in various domains like classifying customer complaint scenario, question answering, pattern induction, company news evaluation or search engines. Now public is increasingly depended on the internet they want the system to think like humans and take appropriate decisions. In order to improve relevant data extraction different technologies are introduced day by day. To manage these kinds of technologies, new skills are also needed. Natural language processing has greatest role in this information extraction. To understand more user oriented information and communication system, natural language processing methods are used. In this survey paper such techniques are discussed. Different techniques are used in different application domains however they all perform information extraction.
A Hybrid Forecasting Approach

The objective of the paper is to establish the appropriateness of integrating in predictive simulation an econometric estimation of a given variable into a standard moving average process (a linear algorithm with constant positive weights of distributed lags). The empirical search relates to the Romanian input-output tables collapsed into ten sectors. The database concerning the final output during 1989-2009 years is herein analyzed
Evaluation of ISO/IEC 9798 Protocols

This report provides a security evaluation of the authentication protocol families described in parts 2, 3, and 4 of the ISO-IEC 9798 standard. Our analysis includes formal models of the protocols and their security properties, an analysis of existing attacks and evaluations, a security analysis of the formal protocol models, and a list of recommendations.
Speech processing system by use of short-time crosscorrelation function

SPAC is a new speech processing system for the purposes of expansion or compression of speech spectrum, of shortening or lengthening of speech signal and of improving the signal to noise ratio. A defect of SPAC is generation of squaring distortion which enhances the dynamic range of speech in the time and the spectrum domain. A complicated equalizer is required for compensation of the distortion. This paper proposes a method named SPOC to solve this problem by use of short-time crosscorrelation function of input waveform and its dichotomized wave-form instead of autocorrelation function employed in SPAC. Pair comparison tests are carried out on speech processed by SPAC and SPOC. It is revealed that the quality of SPOC is slightly poorer than that of SPAC, but SPOC is superior to SPAC for the purpose of noise reduction.
Recherche d'Images avec des Conditions d'Illumination Similaires dans une Collection de Photos

L'observation des images acquises sur des scenes exterieures revele qu'une part importante de l'information relative aux couleurs percue par notre cerveau est due a l'illumination ambiante. Dans ce type d'environnement, les rayons emis par le soleil se refletent et se refractent dans l'atmosphere, creant ainsi une illumination globale qui determine la facon de percevoir les objets qui le compose. En Vision par Ordinateur, l'exploitation du ciel comme la principale source d'illumination est etudiee depuis de nombreuses annees. Certaines des premieres solutions proposees reposent sur des approximations utilisant la couleur. Les autres utilisent des modeles physiques, toutefois ils admettent que les parametres photometriques et geometriques de l'appareil photo soient les memes ou du moins soient connus. Dans cet article, nous proposons une methode simple et efficace permettant de grouper les images ayant des conditions d'illumination similaires. On propose un algorithme fonde sur la modelisation d'histogrammes avec un melange de gaussiennes appliquees sur les pixels qui appartiennent au ciel dans les images.
A computational morphological analyser for Northern Sotho deverbative nouns: applying Xerox finite-state software to traditional grammar

To create a computational morphological analyser, it is necessary to formalize both morphotactic (word formation) rules and morphophonemic (alternation) rules. This article describes the status of a morphological analyser for Northern Sotho deverbative nouns, based on rules extracted from the best available traditional grammars and implemented using Xerox finite-state technology. The rigor of creating a computational morphological analyser, and testing it on large corpora, has led to improvements in the rules themselves and in the understanding of the phenomena. The linguistic information is based on research involving prominent Northern Sotho grammars and tested against data from electronic written sources. It is highlighted that rigorous computational language formalism elicits interesting results linguistically as linguistic rules need to be re-examined more carefully and verified in practice.
Classification of Multisensor Images with Different Spatial Resolution

The paper is focused on the analysis of classification possibilities of multisensor data with different spatial resolutions using combined classifiers based on Bayes approach with equal prior probabilities and on minimum of the Mahalanobis distance. The task set up for the 2014 IEEE GRSS Data Fusion Contest was chosen as an application example. High resolution RGB image and lower resolution thermal infrared image from the same urban area were processed to perform classification of each higher resolution pixel. Development of a fast and straightforward procedure was targeted and combined classifiers are proposed for that, exploiting spectral features from each data set separately. It is shown that data fusion can be achieved using the proposed classifiers and improvement of classification quality can be obtained with respect to the cases where only one of the data sets is used. The best classification results were obtained using the combined Bayes- type classifier that provided overall classification accuracy of about 95 % when the ground truth pixels from the high resolution RGB image were used both for design and testing. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.eee. 21.5. 13333
A multivariate rank sum test for network simulation validation

A primary goal of any verification and validation process should be to enhance both the correctness of a simulation and the confidence placed in its results. One challenge is to develop a process that is at the same time feasible and compatible with an organization's needs, and can be applied to both existing simulations as well as new ones. Multivariate methods can be used to test the hypothesis of agreement between simulated predictions and empirical observations. This paper describes a statistical test useful for the validation of simulations of battlefield communications networks. The method employs a multivariate nonparametric rank sum test with the aid of a computer-intensive randomization procedure to assess the significance of the defined test statistic. For illustrative purposes, the validation procedure is applied to a simulation that was developed to duplicate a configuration tested, in which "messages" were passed over a communications network using the combination of the Tactical Fire Direction System (TACFIRE) protocol and Single-Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) Combat Net Radios (CNR). The purpose of this research is to strengthen the link between experimentation and simulation, both of which should be utilized in evaluating communications systems' measures of performance (MOP). <<ETX>>
Nanoscale cell membrane organization : a near-field optical view

The cell plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is a lipid bi-layer that separates the cell cytosol from the extracellular environment. The composition and organization of proteins and lipids within this bi-layer have a direct impact on many cellular processes, since they form the senses of the cell. Technological advances, like high resolution microscopy together with the possibility to address different membrane components via specific labeling now allows researchers to investigate cell membrane organization in detail.
Critical Appraisal of Information on the Web in Practice: Undergraduate Students' Knowledge, Reported Use, and Behaviour.

Undergraduates use a wide range of information resources for academic and nonacademic purposes, including web sites that range from credible, peer reviewed, online journal sites, to biased and inaccurate promotional web sites. Students are taught basic critical appraisal skills, but do they apply these skills to make decisions about information in different web sites? In an experimental setting, undergraduate students examined pairs of web sites containing conflicting information based on different aspects of critical appraisal, namely credibility of the author of the information, purpose of the web site, and last update of the site, and answered multiple choice questions about the conflicting information. Results indicated that students failed to use critical appraisal criteria, and that while knowledge of and self-reported use of these criteria were related to each other, they were not related to behaviour. This research demonstrates the need for alternative strategies for critical appraisal instruction and assessment. Les etudiants de premier cycle consultent une vaste gamme de sources d’information a des fins universitaires et non universitaires, y compris des sites Web allant de revues en ligne credibles et evaluees par des pairs a des sites Web promotionnels partials et inexacts. On enseigne aux etudiants des methodes de base d’evaluation critique, mais mettent-ils ces methodes en pratique pour prendre des decisions relativement a l’information tiree de differents sites Web? Dans un cadre experimental, les etudiants de premier cycle ont etudie des paires de sites Web contenant des informations contradictoires en se fondant sur differents aspects de l’evaluation critique, notamment la credibilite de l’auteur de l’information, l’intention du site Web et la derniere mise a jour du site, et ont repondu a des questions a choix multiples concernant les informations contradictoires. Les resultats indiquent que les etudiants n’ont pas utilise les criteres d’evaluation critique et que si les connaissances et l’utilisation de ces connaissances declaree par les etudiants etaient reliees, cette relation ne correspondait toutefois pas au comportement observe. Cette recherche demontre la necessite de strategies de rechange en matiere d’enseignement de l’evaluation critique et son evaluation.
Relations and Graphs: Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists

Relational methods can be found at various places in computer science, notably in data base theory, relational semantics on concurrency, relational type theory, analysis of rewriting systems, and modern programming language design. In addition, they appear in algorithms analysis and in the bulk of discrete mathematics taught to computer scientists. This book is devoted to the background of these methods. It is the first to explain how to use relational and graph-theoretic methods systematically in computer science. A formal framework of relational algebra is developed with respect to applications to a diverse range of problem areas. Results are first motivated by practical examples, often visualized by both Boolean O-1 matrices and graphs, and then derived algebraically.
Rutas turísticas personalizadas en dispositivos móviles sin necesidad de conexión a Internet: Itiner@

Currently there are countless tourist applications for mobile devices (Android, iPhone, etc). These applications often have geographical support and allow users to access geolocation information, prepare routes, book a hotel room, and a long list of features, making them small geographic information systems (GIS). However, most of them suffer from the same limitations: they need permanent Internet connection, especially in the calculation of routes, and offer the same options to every user, regardless of time constraints, or preferences; or personal situation. The project Itiner@, in its prototype stage, answers these limitations through the realization, implementation and development of techniques already presented at the V Conference of Free GIS: 1) stores in the mobile cartographic information necessary to operate, taken from Open Street Maps, 2) contains information about the preferences of users by integrating ontologies and GIS, 3) can recalculate routes directly on the phone, and 4) offers to the users a path tailored to their preferences, taking into account their personal situation (traveling as a couple, with children, etc.), environment (time of day, visited schedules, etc.) and favorite attractions. All without internet connection. The result is an efficient management of expectations and user experience much more satisfying. The main contributions of this paper are: 1) highlighting the limitations and peculiarities of GIS developments in sandboxes, both connectivity and new features, along with possible solutions, and 2) the application itself, which represents a turning point in the scenario of tourism applications for unskilled users.
Integrating analytic hierarchy process with integer programming to efficiently model spectrum demands

As wireless technology advances, demand for spectrum bandwidth increases and thus, spectrum has become scarce. As a scarce resource, spectrum bandwidths need to be efficiently allocated to potential service providers. Hence, this paper presents an efficient integrated approach in allocating spectrum volumes, whereby the approaches of Analytic Hierarchy Process and Integer Programming are combined and applied to produce systematic and consistent results. The integrated approach is able to cater multi-criteria problems through determination of suitable weights and computations, which exhibits a more efficient alternative as compared to the existing approaches.
Two Multilevel Modeling Techniques for Analyzing Comparative Longitudinal Survey Datasets*

Increasing numbers of comparative survey datasets span multiple waves. Moving beyond purely cross-sectional analyses, multilevel longitudinal analyses of such datasets should generate substantively important insights into the political, social and economic correlates of many individual-level outcomes of interest (attitudes, behaviors, etc.). This article describes two simple techniques for extracting such insights, which allow change over time in y to be a function of change over time in x and/or of a time-invariant x. The article presents results from simulation studies that assess the techniques in the presence of complications that are likely to arise with real-world data, and concludes with applications to the issues of generalized social trust and postmaterialist values, using data from World/European Values Surveys.
A connection management interface for a fabric control application

A prototype connection management interface for a fabric control application (FCA) is described. The FCA is an object-oriented software module that controls switching hardware and provides an abstraction of a managed object, a path, to higher-layer software. Through a simple command set, the FCA provides the switching necessary for connectivity between and among user ports and trunks. As such, the FCA is a server of switching resources to higher-layer network software. The FCA interface is suitable for control of many different switch types and can be used by switch vendors to provide a fully functional and common interface that encapsulates proprietary information. The architecture of the FCA interface is compatible with the principles of OSI's Common Management Information Protocol and the principles of the Information Networking Architecture (INA) for a standard interface between service and delivery segment elements of a modular network. <<ETX>>
Visual annotation tool for multimedia content description

In this paper, we describe a multimedia annotation tool that allows the users to interactively create MPEG-7 descriptions. The MPEG-7 standard provides description structures for multimedia content in the form of Description Schemes (DS) and Descriptors with the goal of enabling interoperable searching and filtering. The MPEG-7 Visual Annotation Tool allows the user to manually link together MPEG-7 Dss and Descriptors as needed and enter description data into the fields of the description structures. The tool takes as input an MPEG-7 Schema definition file and an MPEG-7 package description file. The MPEG-7 Schema definition file defines the structure of the MPEG-7 description components using the MPEG-7 Description Definition Language (DDL). The Package description file organized the MPEG-7 description components in order to improve the ease of navigation in the MPEG-7 Visual Annotation Tool. The tool provides utilities for drag-and-drop copying and reusing of description elements and allows the output of the descriptions in XML to files. The initial implementation centers around manual entry of description data, however, in future work we plan to explore the integration of automatic and semi-automatic feature extraction methods with the goal of providing a complete system for MPEG-7 multimedia content annotation and query instruction.
Proposed Algorithm to Blotch Grey Matter from Tumored and Non Tumored Brain MRI Images

Background//Objectives: To analyze Brain MRI Images using Statistical techniques like Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID). The approach would help the researchers and doctors to automate the analysis of brain MRI images to classify the tumor from non tumor images to enhance the medical care. Method/Statistical Analysis: A novel approach is developed to detect grey matter so that tumor brain images can be classified from non tumor brain MRI images. Preprocessing of images, displaying of grey matter, segmentation, Grey matter extraction is done in Matlab environment. Classification of Brain MRI Images on the basis of Grey matter extracted is done using CHAID in XLSTAT tool. The novel approach uses the benefits of preprocessing methods and filters available in Matlab for effective extraction and analysis Brain MRI Images. Results/Findings: The work has been tested on 50 variables on seven patients. Out of seven three belong to healthy group and rest to unhealthy. The work is evaluated using classification tree, confusion matrix and ROC curve generated after CHAID analysis. The brain images are taken from the BRAINIX database. Conclusion/Application: It is easy to use the approach thereby providing an easy option to be used in hospitals and medical centers for the aid of the physicians.