Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Vanadium on Dry matter and Nutrient Concentration in pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L).

An experiment was conducted in pots under glasshouse conditions to study the effects of Vanadium (V) on dry matter and on V, Ca, K, Mg, P, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pd, and Zn concentration in leaves, stems and roots of pennyroyal ( Mentha pulegium L.). A completely randomized block design with five V treatments (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg L -1 ) and six replications per treatment was laid out. Vanadium was applied to the pot medium (peat soil mixture) as NH 4 VO 3 . No visible toxic or inhibitory symptoms were observed on the plants due to the increasing rates of V. Results indicated that root dry matter increased in plants receiving 10, 20 and 40 mg V L -1 . The vanadium concentration in leaves and stems increased in plants receiving 20 mg V L -1 , and 20 and 40 mg V L -1 , respectively. The vanadium concentration in the leaves was always much lower than in roots and stems indicating that V accumulated mainly in roots and stems and only small quantities were transferred to the leaves. The results indicated that the Ca, K, Mn, and Zn concentrations in the roots were not affected by V additions. A reduction of Ca, K, Mg, and Mn concentration was observed in leaves at high V application rates.
Photoelectrochemical Studies on CdS/Poly Ethyl-Aniline Interfaces

An inorganic/organic/interface (IOI) consisting of CdS/poly ethyl aniline (PEA) assemblies was subjected to photoelectrochemical studies in nanoparticle suspensions and in thin solid film forms . The effects that PEA modifiers have on the photoelectrochemical behavior of the IOI were investigated using [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4- as a photoactive hydrated electron donor agent. Results show that the adsorption process of [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3- (the photolysis product) controls the photoactivity outcome of IOI assemblies. CdS/PEA shows lower heterogeneous photochemical response than native CdS. Native CdS amorphous nanoparticles adsorb more [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3- with a very steady adsorption/desorption process than the CdS/PEA. The interface activities were explained by analyzing the IOI junction’s properties such as electron affinity, work function and hole/electrons barrier heights. The lower hole barrier height versus electron barrier height suggests that charge injection is mediated at the IOI interface through hole transfer. The aqueous nano systems retained moderate stability as indicated by the reproducibility of their photocatalytic activities. Both [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4- and PEA contributed to the stability of native CdS surfaces.
An fpga implementation of successive cancellation list decoding for polar codes

AN FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF SUCCESSIVE CANCELLATION LIST DECODING FOR POLAR CODES Altuğ Süral M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Advisor: Erdal Arıkan January 2016 Polar Codes are the first asymptotically provably capacity achieving error correction codes under low complexity successive cancellation (SC) decoding for binary discrete memoryless symmetric channels. Although SC is a low complexity algorithm, it does not provide as good performance as a maximum-likelihood (ML) decoder, unless sufficiently large code block is used. SC is a soft decision decoding algorithm such that it employs depth-first searching method with a divide and conquer approach to find a sufficiently perfect estimate of decision vector. Using SC with a list (SCL) improves the performance of SC decoder such that it provides near ML performance. SCL decoder employs beam search method as a greedy algorithm to achieve ML performance without considering all possible codewords. The ML performance of polar codes is not good enough due to the minimum hamming distance of possible codewords. For the purpose of increasing the minimum distance, cyclic redundancy check aided (CRC-SCL) decoding algorithm can be used. This algorithm makes polar codes competitive with state of the art codes by exchanging complexity with performance. In this thesis, we present an FPGA implementation of an adaptive list decoder; consisting of SC, SCL and CRC decoders to meet with the tradeoff between performance and complexity.
Transition from squeezing to dripping in a microfluidic T-shaped junction

We describe the results of a numerical investigation of the dynamics of breakup of streams of immiscible fluids in the confined geometry of a microfluidic T-junction. We identify three distinct regimes of formation of droplets: squeezing, dripping and jetting, providing a unifying picture of emulsification processes typical for microfluidic systems. The squeezing mechanism of breakup is particular to microfluidic systems, since the physical confinement of the fluids has pronounced effects on the interfacial dynamics. In this regime, the breakup process is driven chiefly by the buildup of pressure upstream of an emerging droplet and both the dynamics of breakup and the scaling of the sizes of droplets are influenced only very weakly by the value of the capillary number. The dripping regime, while apparently homologous to the unbounded case, is also significantly influenced by the constrained geometry; these effects modify the scaling law for the size of the droplets derived from the balance of interfacial and viscous stresses. Finally, the jetting regime sets in only at very high flow rates, or with low interfacial tension, i.e. higher values of the capillary number, similar to the unbounded case.
Seed Dispersal Spectrum of Woody Species in South Ecuadorian Dry Forests: Environmental Correlates and the Effect of Considering Species Abundance

This study examines the seed dispersal spectrum of the tropical dry forests of Southern Ecuador, in an effort to contribute to the knowledge of the complex dynamics of tropical dry forests. Seed dispersal spectrum was described for a total number of 160 species. Relationships of dispersal syndromes with plant growth form and climatic seasonality were explored. For a subset of 97 species, we determined whether dispersal spectrum changes when species abundance, in addition to species number, is taken into account. The same subset was used to relate dispersal syndromes with the environmental conditions. Zoochorous species dominated in the studied community. When considering the individual abundance of each species, however, anemochory was the prevalent dispersal syndrome. We found a significant difference in the frequency of dispersal syndromes among plant growth forms, with epizoochory only occurring in shrub species. The dispersal spectrum was dependent on climatic seasonality. The largest proportion of anemochorous species fructified during the dry season, while zoochorous diaspores dominated during the rainy season. A fourth‐corner analysis indicated that the seed dispersal spectrum of Southern Ecuador dry forests is controlled by environmental conditions such as annual precipitation, annual temperature range or topography. Our results suggest that spatio‐temporal changes in the environmental conditions may affect important ecological processes for dispersal. Thus, the predominance of one syndrome or another may depend on the spatial variation of environmental conditions.
A primer on quantum optics and open systems

These are the lecture notes for a short course on the very basics of open quantum-optical systems, held within a Marie Curie International Training Network for Optomechanical Technologies at the Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light (Erlangen, Germany) on July 5-7, 2017. The lectures are intended for students who have had basic training on quantum mechanics. They cover three basic themes: quantization the electromagnetic field in an optical cavity, basic quantum states of the field, and theory of open cavities, including input-output theory and master equations. A review of quantum mechanics, linear algebra, and classical mechanics is also provided, most likely presented in a way di↵erent to how the students might have learned these topics, but better suited for quantum optics and quantum information. The notes are heavily based on [1] and [2], which provide many more details, rigorous derivations, and realistic models related to quantum optics and quantum information with continuous variables, respectively. Finally, I cannot emphasize how important it is to read as much as possible about these topics in order to mature into the best version of a “quantum optician” that you can be. Therefore, I conclude with a list of references that I have found especially useful at di↵erent points of my career [3–23].
Electrophysiological Correlates of Perceptual Auditory Priming Without Explicit Recognition Memory

The aim of this study was to identify an event-related potential (ERP correlate) of perceptual auditory priming using a method that can dissociate it from explicit memory similar to Rugg et al. (1998). EEG was recorded during performance of an auditory word recognition test, where 17 participants discriminated "old" from "new" aural words, encoded using either a "deep" or "shallow" levels-of-processing (LOP) study task. A right-lateralized P200 effect was modulated by words' old/new status but not by accuracy of recognition or LOP manipulation. Because this effect was driven by simple repetition rather than factors known to influence episodic recognition memory, a "bottom-up" perceptual priming function was inferred which was substantiated by its early temporal appearance. A similar ERP amplitude modulation was evident across a broader topographical region during the subsequent N400 time interval. Conversely the late posterior component (LPC; 500-800 ms) for deeply-encoded, correctly-recognized words was of higher amplitude than LPCs for shallowly-encoded and new words, consistent with proposals that this ERP component indexes episodic memory. To our knowledge this is the first report of an ERP correlate of auditory perceptual priming dissociated from explicit episodic memory.
Energy Efficient MAC Protocols for Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs)

The Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSNs) is useful in providing the medical services for people who need continuous monitoring and caring and especially aged people, which are small devices implant or placed inside the human body. It works by batteries but these batteries must have high efficiency and should work through the whole age and not be replaced unless after a long period. We will mention several MAC protocols which are used in WBSNs networks that work on increasing the efficiency of energy and reduce its loss.
New Approach of Equalizing Electrocardiographic Signals using Least Mean Squares Technique

The shortage of the specialist healthcare center in some regions far from the big cities leads to top urgent way to exchange medical information using the standard ways of communication, which is referred to as Telemedicine. Telemedicine plays an important role in a patient treatment and enhancement the patient health by digitizing and transmitting the medical information of the patient electronically. Recently the (CVD)s risk detection is needed for the cardiovascular disease (CVD). Electrocardiogram (ECG) is highly preferred for CVD prediction. Transmission of ECG signals is subjugated to inter symbol interference (ISI) through a channel of limited band. In this paper, a new approach of equalizing the effective transmitted ECG signal across the communication channel using the least mean squares (LMS) technique to improve the performance of symbol spaced adaptive channel equalizer. The Rayleigh fading and adaptive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels are considered in the implementation. The validation results using the proposed approach show significant bit error rate with respect to the existing similar works in literature.
Open Access book publisher

In this chapter, the development of a point-of-care device for bio-medical applications has been discussed. Our main objective is to research new electronic solutions for the detection, quantification, and monitoring of important biological agents in medical environments. The proposed systems and technologies rely on label-free disposable sensors, with portable electronics for user-friendly, low-cost solutions for medical disease diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. In this chapter, we will focus on a specific point-of-care device for cellular analysis, applied to the case of anemia detection and monitoring. The methodology used for anemia monitoring is based on hematocrit measurement directly from whole blood samples by means of impedance analysis. The designed device is based on straightforward electronic standards for low power consumption and low-cost disposable sensor for low volume samples, resulting in a robust and low power consumption device for portable monitoring purposes of anemia. The device has been validated through different whole blood samples to prove the response, effectiveness, and robustness to detect anemia.
GOLLUM: a next-generation simulation tool for electron, thermal and spin transport

We have developed an efficient simulation tool ‘GOLLUM’ for the computation of electrical, spin and thermal transport characteristics of complex nanostructures. The new multi-scale, multi-terminal tool addresses a number of new challenges and functionalities that have emerged in nanoscale-scale transport over the past few years. To illustrate the flexibility and functionality of GOLLUM, we present a range of demonstrator calculations encompassing charge, spin and thermal transport, corrections to density functional theory such as local density approximation +U (LDA+U) and spectral adjustments, transport in the presence of non-collinear magnetism, the quantum Hall effect, Kondo and Coulomb blockade effects, finite-voltage transport, multi-terminal transport, quantum pumps, superconducting nanostructures, environmental effects, and pulling curves and conductance histograms for mechanically-controlled break-junction experiments.
Emission estimates for some acidifying and greenhouse gases and options for their control in Finland

This thesis presents estimates and options for control of anthropogenic ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and some halocarbon emissions in Finland. Ammonia is an air pollutant which contributes to both acidification and nitrogen eutrophication of ecosystems. Its emissions are mainly caused by livestock manure. In Finland the anthropogenic emissions of NH 3 have been estimated to be approximately 44 Gg in 1985 and 43 Gg in 1990. In the 1990’s the emissions have declined due to the reduced number of cattle and voluntary implementation of emission reducing measures. The impact of NH 3 emissions on acidification is serious but in Finland it is less than the impact of the other acidifying gases sulphur dioxide (SO 2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). All three gases and their transformation products are transported by the atmosphere up to distances of hundreds or even more than a thousand kilometres. NH3 emissions can be reduced with relatively cost-effective measures and the measures can partly replace the implementation of more costly abatement measures on SO2 and NOx emissions needed to lower the acidifying deposition in Finland. The other gases studied in this thesis are greenhouse gases. Some of the gases also deplete stratospheric ozone. Finnish anthropogenic CH 4 emissions have been estimated to be around 250 Gg per year during the 1990’s. The emissions come mainly from landfills and agricultural sources (enteric fermentation and manure). The significance of other CH4 sources in Finland is minor. The potential to reduce the Finnish CH 4 emissions is estimated to be good. Landfill gas recovery offers an option to reduce the emissions significantly at negligible cost if the energy produced can be utilised in electricity and/or heat production. Measures directed at reducing the emissions from livestock manure management are more costly, and the achievable reduction in the emissions small. The potential to reduce the CH 4 emissions from enteric fermentation in Finland is not known. If measures to reduce these emissions prove efficient and economically promising in future studies, the total reduction in the Finnish CH 4 emissions will be higher and in the long run the halving of the emission level of 1990 seems achievable.
RF MEMS Based Half Mode Bowtie Shaped Substrate Integrated Waveguide Tunable Bandpass Filter

A tunable planar bandpass filter based on a technique that utilizes a half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) and novel inter-resonator coupling is presented. The tunable HMSIW based bandpass filter is implemented using two half triangle shaped cavities coupled together through inter-resonator coupling forming half mode bowtie shaped structure. The bowtie-shaped filter exhibits similar performance as found in rectangle- and circle-shaped SIW based bandpass filters. This concept reduces the circuit foot print, and miniaturization high quality factor is maintained by the structure. The tunable filter utilizes packaged RF MEMS switches; switching between different configurations of switches achieves four distinctive frequency states between 4.8-5.3 GHz. The filter maintains a constant absolute 1 dB bandwidth of 100 ± 10 MHz for all frequency states.
Enhanced Mass Transfer of Deuterium Extracted from Falling Liquid Pb-17Li Droplets

Abstract Release of deuterium from falling droplets of Pb-17Li in vacuum is experimentally studied. By comparing different diameter nozzle data each other, the effect of ambiguous solution is eliminated, and reliable result is attained. The amount of deuterium that is dissolved into Pb-17Li, followed by the release from the liquid droplets in vacuum, is measured with four different diameter nozzles ranging from 0.4 mm-1.0 mm under an initial velocity of 3.0 m/s and four temperatures between 375 °C and 450 °C. The resultant mass transport, represented by quasi-dispersion-coefficient is 3.4 × 10-7 [m2/s], which is approximately two orders of magnitude faster than previous studies under static condition. It also revealed different temperature dependency. Cyclic deformation of the sphere shape is observed with a high speed movie camera. These results show the falling droplets of liquid Pb-17Li in vacuum follow the mass transfer mechanism under convection prior domain by self-excited oscillation. This result suggests that the tritium recovery method from a breeding liquid Pb-17Li blanket is viable when using multiple nozzles in vacuum for the extraction.
A Computational Dynamic Dependence Model Depiction for Client Authorization

Development of permission process for protected in sequence access by a large society of users in an open environment is an important trouble in today’s Internet world. In this paper we propose a computational dynamic trust model for user authorization, rooted in findings from social science. Unlike most existing computational trust models, this model distinguishes trusting belief in integrity from that in capability in different contexts and accounts for prejudice in the evaluation of a particular trustee by different trusters. Many Model studies were conducted to evaluate the presentation of the proposed integrity belief model with other trust models from the creative writing for different user behavior patterns. Results showed that the proposed model resulted in higher performance than other models especially in predicting the behavior of unbalanced users. Keywords— Authorization, security, trust, social-science.
Behavioral responses of sea turtles to lightsticks used in longline fisheries

Sea turtles are sometimes inadvertently captured by pelagic longline fisheries. As a consequence, some drown or suffer injuries, and longline bycatch has been identified as one factor contributing to the decline of marine turtle populations. Understanding what stimuli attract turtles to longlines will therefore be useful in efforts to reduce the number of turtles that become hooked or entangled. Lightsticks, which are often placed on longlines to attract tuna (Thunnus sp.) and swordfish Xiphus gladius, may also attract sea turtles. To investigate this possibility, we conducted laboratory experiments with captive‐reared juvenile loggerheads Caretta caretta and wild‐caught post‐hatchling loggerheads to study their responses to these lights. Both age classes oriented toward glowing lightsticks, suggesting that such lights may play a role in attracting turtles into the vicinity of longlines.
EFFECTS OF CHRONICALLY ADMINISTERED RITANSERIN AND LORAZEPAM ONTHE-ROAD DRIVING PERFORMANCE

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted measuring the chronic effects of ritanserin 5 mg b.i. d. and lorazepam 1.5 mg b.i. d. upon onthe-road driving performance, daytime sleepiness and overnight sleep, in 18 healthy male volunteers. Lorazepam seriously impaired driving performance, induced daytime sleepiness and had no effect on the length of deep sleep. On the other hand, ritanserin did nt impair driving performance, did nt induce daytime sleepiness, and increased the length of deep sleep.
Effects of viscosity, pump mechanism and nozzle geometry on nasal spray droplet size

In this work the atomization behaviour of a nasal spray system has been investigated by laser diffraction. The effects of formulation viscosity, pump mecha nism and nozzle geometer on the droplet size produced by a nasal spray were investigated. The droplet size was also investigated as a function of actuation conditions as this is a crit ical factor in determining potential patient use. Droplet size is a critical parameter in the performance of a nasal spray as it determines the location of depo- sition within the nasal cavity and hence the bioavailability and bioequivalence of the drug. The range of trea t- ments delivered using nasal sprays has widen ed from locally acting drugs, for example treating allergic rhin itis, to molecules for systemic activity such as vaccines which are more difficult to deliver non-invasively. However, although these molecules can be delivered by a nasal route, the absorptio n of the drug may be hindered by the rate of mucociliary clearance (1-3). Therefore the viscosity of the formulation is critical in retaining the drug in the nasal cavity for long enough to achieve sufficient absorption. Hence there is a requirement to inc rease the visco sity of the formulation to improve adsorption. However, this increase in viscosity will affect the droplet size produced by a nasal spray. This creates a delicate balance between increasing the viscosity in order to improve retention and red ucing viscosity to provide good atomisation behaviour. Therefore, the formulation, pump mechanism and nozzle geometry of the nasal spray must be optimised in order to obtain the appropriate droplet size. As the nasal spray must be actuated by a patient, itis critical that the performance of the nasal spray is evaluated using a range of actuation conditions. Ideally a nasal spray should produce a similar droplet size over a reasonable range of actuation conditions, and hence deliver the same dose independen tly of the actuation cond i- tions and therefore be sui table for use by a greater number of patient groups. In this work, three formulations with different viscosities have been tested using two different pump mechanisms and two non-standard orifice diam eter nozzles . Each system has been tested at a range of actuation velocities in order to assess the dependence of droplet size on actuation conditions for these systems. Critical parameters in atomization include the liquid flow within the nozzle and the intera ction between the jet produced and the ambient gas. The liquid flow within the actuator and nozzle can be described by the Rey- nolds number;